Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Feb., 1897-Accepted, 1st May, 1897
We, HENRY BABBITT BENNETT, of 16 Elm Street, in the City of Portland,
County of Cumberland, and State of Maine, and WILLIAM JOHN MEWER, of
Mill Koad, in the City of Old Orchard, County of York, and State of Maine,
United States of America, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in rotary drills,
and it consists substantially in such features of construction. arrangement, and
combinations of parts as will hereinafter be more particularly described.
The object of the invention is to improve the efficiency of rotary drills generally,
and more especially the devices for regulating the feed as well as the feed itself.
These and other objects will more fully hereinafter appear when taken in connection
with the accompanying drawings, in which-
Fig. 1 represents a vertical sectional elevation of one form or embodiment of our
improved rotary drill.
Fig. 2 is a similar view of another form or embodiment, and representing in
addition to other modifications a special form of abutment or resistance for the
drill.
Fig. 3 is a side elevation in part section of still another form or embodiment, and
representing the employment of a handle or grip for the drill, as well as a special
form of mechanism for rotating the drill.
Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional view on the line x-x of Fig. 3; and
Fig. 5 is a bottom plan view in detail of one part of the clutch mechanism for
rotating the drill.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view in detail of a modification in the construction of the
handle or grip, and representing substantially the same form of drill feed and
abutment as is shown in Fig. 1.
Our invention is capable of a great many different embodiments, and while we
may make such immaterial changes in the general form thereof as the exigencies
of the case may demand, we prefer to use in most instances either of the forms such
for instance as are herein shown. Thus as shown in Fig. 1, a represents a drill-
stock or holder comprising a shank or stem 6 provided at its lower end with an
enlarged head c that is socketed at d for the reception of the end of an ordinary
drill e, the said drill being firmly beld in place by means of a set screw f, or other
suitable means.
A short distance above the head c the shank or stem 6 is formed
with a short screw-threaded section 9, and at its upper end the said shank or
stem is formed with an annular curved groove or race h for a purpose hereinafter
described. Projecting from the side of the shank or stem is a lug or pin i which
enters a vertical notch or groovej formed in a friction clamp k which surrounds
the shank or stem b at a point above the threaded section g thereof, and which as
will be observed is capable of being moved up or down, but is incapable of rotary
motion independent of the drill stock. The range of movement of the clamp is
small in most cases, depending upon the thickness of the friction device to be

page_text: described, and this movement or adjustment is effected preferably by means of a
nut m working upon the threaded section g. The said friction device comprises a
washer n of leather or other similar tough flexible material that surrounds the
shank or stem and rests upon the upper surface of the said clamp k. Fitting upon
the upper end of the shank or stem and extending down over the same for a
suitable distance is a body portion A, socketed or bored out at o to receive the
shank, and preferably enlarged at its lower end p, so as to afford ample surface for
frictional engagement therewith of the friction device n. The said body portion
is prevented from independent movement lengthwise of the shank by means of a
set-screw passing through the side of the body portion at 9 and entering an
annular rut or groove in the shank, which construction and arrangement however
permits the body portion to have a rotary movement independent of the drill stock.
At the inner end of the socket of said body portion is seated or placed a block
or piece of case hardened steel s, and between said block and the balls t seated in
the race at the top of the shank, the drill stock has its effective working
bearing. In the upper part of the body portion a screw-threaded bore u is formed,
and in this bore is fitted a feed screw B, having at its upper end a pyramidal portion
or a case hardened diamond-shaped point v designed to enter or be received into
a corresponding recess w in any suitable resistance or abutment & for holding the
drill and feed to their work. Preferably, though not necessarily, the said
feed-screw is provided a short distance from its upper end with a flange or
shoulder y to prevent the point from sinking in too far in the event of the
abutment or resistance being of wood. The drill stock or holder could be rotated
or operated in many different ways but with this particular embodiment of our
invention we prefer to use an ordinary hand ratchet mechanism, such for instance
as is indicated at C and D. This ratchet device is of well known form and usage
and need not be referred to specifically.
From the construction and arrangement shown it will be seen that as the drill is
rotated the friction produced between the device n and the lower end of the body
portion A, causes the latter to turn or rotate slowly upon the screw in accordance
with the advance of the drill, and in this way an accurate and invariable feed for
the drill is had. The friction is easily and quickly regulated or adjusted by means
of the clamp and nut on the shank; and it will be seen that the action is entirely
automatic, since in virtue of the construction of the upper end of the feed screw,
the latter cannot turn in the bearing therefor in the abutment.
With the construction shown in Fig. 2, the drill stock or holder h¹ is tapered and
squared at 6 to adapt the same to receive an ordinary brace or similar operating
device (not shown) and which of course will obviate the use of any special operating
devices. Instead also of the abutment or resistance shown in Fig. 1, we employ
the form shown at c which is adapted to receive either a clamp or chain for
engaging or surrounding the work to be operated upon; and this abutment also
practically constitutes a part of the feed for the drill. Thus the said abutment or
resistance c¹ is formed with a screw-threaded opening d for the passage of a feed
tube that is screw-threaded on its exterior at 11 so as to be fed gradually
forward or downward through the said opening in the abutment, and the tube
turns at its lower end on the ball bearings g'. Passing loosely through this feed
tube is the drill stock or holder which in this instance is somewhat longer in
proportion and is similarly constructed at its lower end for the reception aud
retention of the drill. Also with this form or embodiment of our invention the
screw-threaded section of the drill stock or holder is located nearest the upper
end thereof a short distance below the tapered portion 61, and on this section is
screwed in like manner an adjusting nut j', which employed for regulating the
clamp the same as already referred to in connection with Fig. 1. The feed tube
is provided at its upper end with an annulus or flange l', upon which is placed the
leather disk or washer m', and the necessary friction and regulation of the feed is
bad by screwing the said nut down upon the said clamp with a greater or less
pressure. In each of the constructions described it is obvious that other adjusting

page_text: and regulating devices could be employed for the friction disk, but these are our
preferred devices in practice.
a
While in Figs. 2 and 3, we have shown the drill stock or holder as adapted at
its upper end to receive an ordinary brace, there are instances in which we prefer.
the use of other operating devices for the drill, and instead of the ordinary ratchet
devices (Fig. 1) which we might use, we have devised a special form which will
now be described, and in connection with which we will also refer to a handle or
grip for the purpose of steadying the structure with one hand while the drill is
being rotated or operated with the other. The said special devices comprise
peculiar form of friction clutch the block or main portion 20 of which is preferably
of a circular shape or contour, and which, if desired, may be of weight sufficient to.
act as a sort of flywheel or counterbalance for the drill. The said block is sunken
or recessed in its upper surface at 21, leaving an upwardly projecting annular flange
or shoulder 22, and it is provided on its underside with a neck 23, and is provided
with a central opening 24, passing entirely through the neck and block, as shown..
This neck and central opening is for the purpose of receiving and effecting a
connection between the block and the upper end of the drill-stock or holder, which
latter passes upwardly through the opening and partially enters the handle or grip
to be described, and as a preferred means of connecting the parts we employ a
set-screw 25, which passes through an opening in the side of the neck and bears.
or impinges at its inner end against the side of the drill-stock. This form of
fastening permits a ready detachment or disconnection of the parts when desired,
and, of course we could resort to other equivalent devices for the same purpose..
Located or arranged within the sunken or recessed surface of the block 20, are
preferably four independent loose cams 26, the same occupying a truly concentric
arrangement with the central opening of the block. The outer edges 27, of these,
cams are struck on curved lines which if continued to intersect or join each other
would complete a circle of which the axis of the block is the center; and the
inner edges 28 of the said cams are also struck on curves each of which if continued..
around would complete a circle of which the center would be formed at a point.
intermediate the corners 29 of the cams, and directly at the outer curved edges.
thereof. It will be seen that the cams are disposed on the upper surface of the
block at diametrically opposite points, and that there are spaces 30 between the
cams, as well also as spaces between the inner edges of the cams and the central:
opening of the block. The disposition is such as to leave sufficient room between
the upper end of the drill-stock and the inner edges of the cams for the reception
and accommodation of a square metal clutch-block 31, which in this instance is
formed on the underside of a handle or grip 32 (heretofore mentioned) both! .
the said block and grip being provided with an opening or recess 33 to .
admit entrance and passage of the upper end of the drill-stock or holder,
as shown. The said clutch-block fits snugly within the space thus provided
for its reception, and in such manner that unless special means were provided
for the purpose it would be impossible to effect any turning of the said block for
effecting the operation of the drill; since it is evident that to attempt to turn the
block around the upper end of the stock would tend to carry both the sides and
corners of the block outwardly in such manner as to cause a locked impingement
upon the inner edges of the loose camis. Therefore, in order to rotate the drill-
stock in the proper direction, as the right-hand direction, we prefer the simple and
effective arrangement about to be described, although we are not strictly limited
thereto as is to be understood. Thus, as will be seen in Figs. 4 and 5, in each
corner of the said operating clutch-block is secured a pin 40, the arrangement of
said pins being at right angles to each other, and the ends thereof bearing or
impinging upon those corners of the cams which offer a resistance to the turning of the
body portion or block by a force applied in the right-hand direction or in other words,
those corners of the cams against which it is necessary to apply a force to move ..
them in the left-hand direction. In still other words, the arrangement is such that
:

page_text: upon application of a force in a right-hand direction, the square block and the cams
become locked or clutched and the block 20 and drill-stock are thereby turned ;
whereupon, on applying a force in the opposite or left-hand direction, the grip 32,
the clutch-block 31, and the cams are all caused to turn or move together, while
the drill-stock and the body-block 20 remain stationary. In this way, the drill
may either be operated by an intermittent rotary movement in the same direction,
or else it may be rotated by an intermittent movement back and forth, as in the
manner of an ordinary ratchet clutch, and for this purpose we provide the operating
hand lever 45, which may either constitute an integral part of the grip and clutch-
block, or else be secured rigidly thereto in any suitable manner.
For the purpose
of preventing the grip 32, from being accidentally displaced while the drill is in
use, as well also as to constitute practically a united structure of the clutch-
operating devices and grip, we provide a flat annular plate or ring 46, which is
secured to the annular flange 22, by screws 47, or otherwise, and the inner edge of
which ring overlaps the upper edge of the block 31, as shown. This ring also
prevents the access of dust and dirt to the spaces between the cams and clutch-
block, and in that capacity serves as a guard for the cams, the clutch-block, and
the projecting pins of the latter.
While it will be understood that we consider the feed and regulating devices
therefor as essential to a complete and automatic action during the operation of
the drill, it nevertheless happens that if so desired we may for some purposes
temporarily dispense with both the style of resistance or abutment shown in
Figs. 2 and 3, as well as the friction tube and regulating devices therefor, and resort
to substantially the style or form of feed and abutinent shown in Fig. 1, with
slight variations; and in which case, the operation of the feed is effected from time
to time by hand instead of being automatic. Thus as shown in Fig. 6, we provide
the handle or grip 32 with a screw-threaded bore 71, extending into the handle for
a suitable distance from its upper end, and into said bore is inserted a feed screw 72,
corresponding to the feed-screw B shown in Fig. 1, excepting that the upper end
of the screw in this instance is simply conical at 73 instead of being diamond-
shaped, so that when the drill and grip are rotated together by means of operating
devices similar as in Figs. 2 and 3, the screw will also turn, whereas in Fig. 1 the
screw does not turn but the feed is effected automatically by the body portion A
itself turning upon the screw. In like manner also the said screw of Fig. 6 rests
at its upper end in an abutment or resistance such as 74 so as to obtain the necessary
action of the drill, and the feed is effected by turning the screw outward from its
bore from time to time by hand as the drill advances. To facilitate this turning of
the said feed screw the latter is either squared at near its upper end to receive a
wrench, or else provided with a pin 74', or with a hole to receive a pin which
passes through the same and of sufficient length to enable the screw to be grasped
and turned with the hand.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A band-operated rotary drill, characterized by a drill-stock, an abutment, and
an adjustable automatic friction feed device for the drill-stock, substantially as
shown in the accompanying drawings and described in the specification.
2. A hand-operated rotary drill, characterized by an abutment, a drill-stock,
and an adjustable automatic friction feed device for the drill-stock, having the
features of construction set forth and described in connection with Figure 1 of the
accompanying drawings.
3. A hand-operated rotary drill, characterized by an abutment, a drill-stock, and
an adjustable automatic friction feed device for the drill-stock, having the features
of construction set forth and described in connection with Figure 2 of the
accompanying drawings.

page_text: 4. A hand-operated rotary drill, characterized by an abutment, a drill-stock, and
an adjustable automatic friction feed device for the drill-stock, having the features
of construction set forth and described in connection with Figures 3, 4 and 5 of
the accompanying drawings.
Dated the 23rd day of February 1897.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
Chartered Patent Agent, London,
For the Applicants.