Improvements in Hinges for the Seats and Lids of Water Closets.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Oct., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 15th May, 1896-Accepted, 20th June, 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hinges for the Seats and Lids of Water Closets.
We WILLIAM SMITH of 66 Wellington Road, Ashton-under-Lyne, in the
County of Lancaster, Traveller, and GEORGE SELLERS of Cooper Street Works,
Dukinfield, in the County of Chester, Cabinet Maker, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:
The object of this invention is to provide a simple, durable and convenient hinge
for the seats and lids of water closets where such seats or lids are hinged singly,
and an improved arrangement of hinges for hinged seats and lids combined.
The water closet seat or lid, or the seat and its lid, is or are hinged to a fixed
board or rail as usual, but we provide for application to each side of the seat or its
lid (or both) a plate, hereafter called a pivot-plate, of suitable metal or material
(say brass) which will project for a suitable distance beyond the hinder edge of the
seat or the lid.
Each pivot plate is provided or formed at this projecting end with a peg, pin, or
stud, of suitable diameter and length which when a pivot plate is fixed to each
side of the seat or lid will project inwards, and thereby form pivots for the said
seat or lid.
A lug or stop is made to project from the end of each pivot and at one side
thereof.
In the case of a seat and lid combined we fix at each side or end of the fixed
rail or board to which they are to be hinged, a suitably shaped plate hereafter
called a socket plate in which we form, at points corresponding to the projecting
pivots above described, two holes of such a form as to admit the pivots and their
lugs or stops above mentioned, and we recess the ends of the rail or board to which
the socket plates are fixed to allow of motion of the lugs behind the plates, and
form (with the boles in the socket plates) sockets for the pivots.
In the case of a seat or lid hinged singly only one socket hole is formed in
each socket plate.
A pivot plate having been fitted to each socket thus formed, the said pivot
plates are fixed to the sides of the seat and lid respectively and the hinges are
thus complete.
We cast or form projections upon the inner side of the socket plates fitting
into the recesses in the rail or board and forming fixed stops against which the
lugs or stops on the pivots come into contact, and we are thus able to prevent
the seat and lid from touching each other in either their raised or horizontal
positions, and we can further arrange the stops so as to set the seat and its lid
parallel to each other in either position.
Or, instead of the stops on the pivots and on the inside of the socket plates,
we may form stops on the outside of the socket plates against which the edges
of the pivot plates will come in contact, or stops upon the edges of the pivot plates
which will come in contact with the edges of the socket plates, or a combination of
such stops to limit the action of the seat and its lid.
Thus a well polished and unscratched surface can be kept upon both seat
and lid.
This form of hinge besides being elegant in appearance is much stronger than
butt hinges and the like where hinge pins are employed, and especially in the

page_text: case of the lid is capable of resisting considerable pressure applied by any person
leaning against the lid when raised.
The sockets can also be so placed with regard to the thickness of the fixed
board or rail to which the seat and lid are hinged that there will be no danger
of splitting the said board or rail, which is especially advantageous in the case
of the lids, which are usually much thinner than the seats, the rail or board
being flush with the top of the lid when the latter is in its horizontal position.
Dated this 2nd day of October 1895.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicants.
Improvements in Hinges for the Seats and Lids of Water Closets.
We WILLIAM SMITH of 66 Wellington Road, Ashton-under-Lyne, in the
County of Lancaster, Traveller, and GEORGE SELLERS of Cooper Street Works,
Dukinfield, in the County of Chester, Cabinet Maker, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to provide a simple durable and convenient
hinge for the seats and lids of water closets where such seats or lids are hinged
singly, and an improved arrangement of hinges for hinged seats and lids combined,
and the invention will be readily understood from the following description on
reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is an inside elevation of a hinge for a water closet seat and lid.
Figs. 1A, 1B, 1C are detached views of the pivot plate for the lid.
Figs. 1, 1, are detached views of the pivot plate for the seat.
detached views of the socket plate.
Figs. 1, 1, an
are
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of part of the seat lid and fixture shewing the
application and action of the hinge."
Figs. 3, 4 and 5 show modified forms of the hinge for seat and lid, and Figs. 6
and 7 shew hinges made for the seat or lid alone.
On Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 the elevations are seen from inside the plates.
The water closet seat a or lid 6 or the seat a and its lid as shewn on Figs. 1
and 2 is or are hinged to a fixed board or rail as usual, but we provide for
application to each side of the seat a or its lid 6 (or both) a plate at or b+
respectively hereafter called a pivot-plate, of suitable metal or material (say brass)
which will project for a suitable distance beyond the hinder edge of the seat a or
the lid b.
Each pivot plate a+ or 6+ is provided or formed at this projecting end with a
peg, pin, or stud a¹ or b¹, of suitable diameter and length which, when a pivot
plate at or b+ is fixed to each side of the seat a or lid 6 will project inwards, and
thereby form pivots for the said seat a or lid b.
A lug or stop a3 or 62 is made to project from the end of each pivot a¹ or 6' and
at one side thereof, as seen at Figs. 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1 or the lug or stop a² or b²
may project from the pivot a¹ or 6¹ as seen at Fig. 3.
In the case of a seat a and lid b combined we fix at each side or end of the
fixed rail or board c to which they are to be hinged, a suitably shaped plate d
hereafter called a socket plate in which we form, at points corresponding to the
projecting pivots above described, two holes a³ ³ of such a form as to admit the
pivots a band their lugs or stops a² 62 above mentioned, and if necessary we
recess the ends of the rail or board c to which the socket plates are fixed to allow
of motion of the lugs a² 63 behind the plates a+ b+, and form (with the holes a³, 6ª
in the socket plates d) sockets for the pivots a¹, b².

page_text: In the case of a seat or lid hinged singly, only one socket hole is formed in each
socket plate see Figs. 6 and 7. A pivot plate a or 6 having been fitted to each
socket as or thus formed, the said pivot plates a 6 are fixed to the sides of the
seat a and lid b respectively and the hinges are thus complete.
In the case shewn on Figs. 14, 1ª, 1º, 1º, 1º, 1º, 10, we cast or form projections *
upon the inner side of the socket plates fitting into the recesses in the rail or
board and forming fixed stops against which the lugs or stops a², 62 on the pivots
come into contact or we cut a curved recess ** in the pivot hole a³ see Fig. 3, and
we are thus able to prevent the seat a and lid 6 from touching each other in either
their raised or horizontal positions see Figs. 1 and 2 and we can further arrange
the stops so as to set the seat a and its lid b parallel to each other or nearly so in
either position.
and 7
Or instead of the stops a², 62 on the pivots a¹ 6' we may form the said stops on
the inside of the pivot plates a+ 6+ near to the pivots a² b' see Figs. 4, 5,
and form curved slots in the socket plates d by which the stops a², 62 are arrested
or we may form stops on the outside of the socket plates d against which the
edges of the pivot plates will come in contact, or stops a*, 64, upon the edges of
the pivot plates a+ 6+ preferably flush with and clipping the seat or lid see Figs. 5, 6
and 7 which will come in contact with the edges of the socket plates d which
may be bevilled as shewn or a combination of such stops to limit the action of the
seat a and its lid b.
Thus a well polished and unscratched surface can be kept upon both seat
and lid.
This form of hinge besides being elegant in appearance is much stronger than
butt hinges and the like where hinge pins are employed, and especially in the case
of the lid is capable of resisting considerable pressure applied by any person
leaning against the lid when raised.
The sockets can also be so placed with regard to the thickness of the fixed board.
or rail to which the seat and lid are hinged that there will be no danger of splitting
the said board or rail, which is especially advantageous in the case of the lids,
which are usually much thinner than the seats, the rail or board being flush with
the top of the lid when the latter is in its horizontal position, see Figs. 1 and 2.
It will be evident that these hinges although described for water closet seats are
equally applicable to articles such as school desks and seats and the like.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A hinge consisting of a pivot plate fixed to the side or edge of the seat or
lid and provided with a pivot fitting into a socket plate fixed to the side or edge
of the fixed board or rail which carries the said seat or lid and with a stop or
stops on the pivot plates or socket plates or both so that the seat or lid will be
arrested by the socket plate in the raised or lowered position, substantially as
herein before described and illustrated by the drawings hereunto annexed.
2. A hinge for a water closet seat and lid combined consisting of a socket plate
fixed to the rail or board which supports the said seat and lid, the said socket
plate being made with sockets for the pivots on the pivot plates of both seat and
id, stops being provided on the pivot plates or socket plates or both so that the
lid and seat cannot touch one another substantially as hereinbefore described and
llustrated by the drawings annexed.
Dated this 13th day of May 1896
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicants.