IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PUNCHING SQUARE HOLES IN THE ENDS OF ROLLERS AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Lees, of. Park Bridge, near Ashton-under-
Lyne, in the County of Lancaster, Roller Maker, and William Heap,
of Ashton-under-Lyne, aforesaid, Tool Maker, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PUNCHING SQUARE HOLES IN THE ENDS
OF ROLLERS AND OTHER ARTICLES."
Sealed the 10th June 1859, and dated the 31st December 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Lees and William
Heap at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 31st December 1858.
We, JOHN LEES, of Park Bridge, near Ashton-under-Lyne, in the County
of Lancaster, Roller Maker, and WILLIAM HEAP, of Ashton-under-Lyne,
aforesaid, Tool Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PUNCHING SQUARE HOLES IN THE ENDS OF
ROLLERS AND OTHER ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention is particularly beneficial when applied for punching square
holes in the ends of rollers used in preparing, spinning, and doubling cotton
and other fibrous materials. .
In performing our Invention we employ a cylindrical column on which two

page_text: bushes are fitted; the upper one has an up-and-down motion imparted to it by
any suitable means, and contains five punches of different sizes; the lower one
has eight receptacles for holding the rollers to be punched; this lower bush
is turned round one-eighth of a revolution after each downward and upward
motion of the upper bush by a weighted lever or other self-acting mechanism.
The punches in the upper bush correspond with the divisions in the lower bush.
When the machine is at work, the punches in descending act upon the ends
of the rollers, and as the punches are of gradually increasing sizes, it is evident
that five different sized holes are punched in the ends of the rollers at the
same time. The, rotary motion of the lower bush brings the end of each
roller in succession under each punch.
We wish to remark that the number of punches in the upper bush, and the
number of divisions in the lower bush, may be increased or diminished if
required. When the holes have been punched, the rollers are removed and
others put in their places, the action of the machine being continuous.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Lees and William Heap in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 29th June 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
LEES, of Park Bridge, near Ashton-under-Lyne, in the County of Lancaster,
Roller Maker, and WILLIAM HEAP, of Ashton-under-Lyne, aforesaid, Tool
Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant, unto us, the
said John Lees and William Heap, Her special licence that we, the said
John Lees and William Heap, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said John Lees and William Heap, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein ex-
pressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PUNCHING
SQUARE HOLES IN THE ENDS OF ROLLERS AND OTHER ARTICLES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said John Lees and William Heap, our

page_text: ,executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their,
.or one of our or their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Lees and William Heap, do
hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement (that is to say) :-
The nature of our said Invention consists in so constructing machinery ⚫ for
punching square holes.in the ends of rollers and other articles, that each article
is presented in succession to a series of punches fitted in a circular bush, to
which an up-and-down or to-and-fro motion is given. By means of these
improvements any convenient number of articles can be operated, upon
simultaneously, the hole in each article being gradually enlarged in proportion
to the gradually increasing sizes of the punches.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into operation, we will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet
of Drawings, reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a vertical punching machine constructed
according to our improvements; Figure 2 is a plan of the same; Figure 3 is a
plan, in section, through the line A, B, in Fig. 1; and Fig. 4 another section
through the line C, D. a is a strong foundation plate, to which is bolted
the column b; the lower part of the column supports the bush c, which has an
intermittent rotary motion imparted to it, as will be explained hereafter, and
the upper part of the column serves as a guide for the bush d, which has an
up-and-down motion imparted to it by the excentric e¹, forged or fixed to the
shaft e, the bush & being connected to the excentric e¹ by the link f. The
lower bush c has eight adjustable sliding blocks c¹ fitting in grooves, as shewn
best in Fig. 3, where two of them are shewn in their places, the rest being
left out to avoid useless repetition; and to the upper part of the bush c is cast
or fixed the fange c', in which the eight vices or pairs of clamps c³ are adjusted;
the vices have each two jaws, which are opened and closed by the right and
left handed screw c. The rollers or pieces of iron to be punched, marked h,
are supported below in the bushes c³ screwed into the blocks c', and they are
held above in the vices ³; the upper bush d has bearings for the punches
g', 9, 93, 9', and g³, the axes of which coincide with the axes of the pieces of
iron to be punched: The punches are of gradually increasing sizes, that is to

page_text: say, the punch g¹ being the first one to act on the roller is the smallest of the
set; and 95 being the last to act is the largest, while the intermediate punches
93, 9³, and 9' are each a little larger than the preceding one. The bottom
flange of the bush c is made with eight recesses, seen best in Fig. 4 corre-
sponding to the number of blocks c', and into these recesses the catches i and j
enter, when the bush c has been turned round the eighth part of a revolution ;
the catches i and j are connected by the levers and j³, the former of which
is forked to take on a stud projecting from the latter; to the shaft of the
lever j is keyed the weighted lever j². One end of the chain k is linked to the
hook, and the other end, after passing over a guide pulley, is attached to a
weight; the hook k¹ forms part of the screw which with the bolt k² secure
together the two halves of the friction clip l, and to this clip is jointed the end
of the rod, the other end of which passes through the bush m, fitting in the
lever m¹ fixed to the same shaft as the mitre pinion m²; this pinion revolves
at the same speed as the shaft e, being driven by the pinion e, gearing into m².
To the shaft e is also fixed the cam e², which acts on the catch i to release
the catches i and j from the recesses in the bottom flange of the bush c.
.
The requisite motion is communicated to the various moving parts of the
machine in the following manner :-A driving strap passes over the pulley e
which is cast with or fixed.to the pinion e; this pulley and pinion are loose on
the shaft e; the pinion e' gears into the wheel n fixed to the same shaft as the
pinion n¹ gearing into the wheel e fixed to the shaft e; by this means the
rapid motion of the driving pulley is reduced to a slow motion before it is
communicated to the shaft e, each revolution of which causes the bush d to
ascend and descend by means of the excentric e', as before described. When
the lever m² is revolving from the dotted line F to G, see Fig. 2, the bush m,
acting on the shoulder of the rod P, causes the friction clip to slip on the
bush c, and at the same time raises the weight 3 suspended to the -chain k,
and while the lever m³ is moving from G to F, the weight remains up; as
soon as the lever m¹ arrives at F, the cam e acts on the catch i, and pushes the
catches and out of the recesses in the flange of the bush c; the weighted
lever is then raised into the position indicated by a dotted line in Fig. 1,
and the bush c is at liberty to be taken round one-eighth of a revolution by
the descent of the weight k³, after which the catches i and j, being acted upon
by the weighted lever, drop into the next recesses in the flange of the bush c,
and hold it secure until another move is required. The amount of the descent
of the weight is regulated by a set screw or other adjustable means.
The mode of operation is as follows:-When the punches have been put in
their places in the bush d, and securely held by the caps d¹ and set screws d³,

page_text: the attendant then fixes three of the rollers h in the vices c³, marked 6, 7,
and 8, in Fig. 2; these rollers or pieces of iron to be made into rollers or other
articles are previously drilled with a circular bole of the diameter of the flat part
of the square hole required; the machine is then started by moving the driving
strap from the loose pulley e to the driving pulley e³; the cam e then liberates.
the catches and j, and allows the bush c to be moved round one-eighth of a
revolution in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 2, by means of the weight k³,
as described, thereby bringing the first roller under the punch g¹; the bush a
is then brought down by the excentric e¹, as before described, and this.punch
in descending commences to form the square hole required in the end of the
roller. During the descent and ascent of the bush d, the attendant puts
another roller into the vice that was before under the punch g³; as soon as
the bush & is up, the bush c is turned again partly round, and the roller that
had before been. operated upon by the punch g' is then brought under the
punch g, while a fresh roller is brought under 9'; at the second descent of the
bush d, the punch g² enlarges the hole commenced by g³, and the punch g¹
begins to operate on the fresh roller. These operations are repeated until the
first roller comes under the punch go, which finishes the hole gradually enlarged
by the operation of the four previous punches. When the bush e has again
been moved partly round, the roller with the finished hole is brought to the
position marked 6, in Fig. 2; the attendant then, by turning the screw c¹, opens
the jaws of the vice in which the said roller had been held, removes it from the
machine, and secures another roller in the same place. This operation of
removing the roller with the finished square hole, and replacing it by another
with a preliminary round hole, must be performed while the bush dis descend-
ing and ascending; consequently, when the machine is in operation, at every
move of the bushes c and d, a roller with a finished hole is taken from the
machine, and another roller put in its place, each roller coming in succession
under each punch.
We have, in the foregoing description, referred to a machine in which five
punches are employed to complete the hole, and three spaces are left to give
the attendant time to remove the roller with the finished hole, and replace it
with another; but we do not confine ourselves to this number of punches, nor
to the number of spaces, as they may be increased or diminished according to
the particular object of the articles to be punched. We would also remark
that we do not limit ourselves to the other details given; but we claim as our
Invention, the improved machinery described, or any modification thereof, in
which a series of punches are made to act simultaneously on a series of rollers
or other articles, the said. rollers or other articles being placed in a rotating

page_text: [frame, which, when moved, brings each roller or other article in succession in
a line with the punches.
:
In witness whereof, we, the said John Lees and William Heap, have
hereunto set our hands and seals,, the Twenty-eighth day of June,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Witness,
H. B. BARLOW,
Manchester.
L.B.)
WILLIAM HEAP. (L.S.)