Improvements in Breaks for Velocipedes and other Vehicles.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Apr., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 18th Jan., 1995-Accepted. 23rd Feb., 1895
.PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Breaks for Velocipedes and other Vehicles.
I, BENJAMIN JOSEPH BARNARD MILLS, of 23 Southampton Buildings, in the
County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention,
(a communication to me from Paul Fageot, of 47 Boulevard du Nord, Lyons, in
the Republic of France, Velocipede Manufacturer,) to be as follows:-
The break forming the object of the present invention differs from those hitherto
in use by exerting its action not only on the external circumference of the tyre but
also on the sides in such manner as to grip it circularly upon the upper half of its
transverse section. It is applicable to all sizes of either solid, hollow, or .
pneumatic tyres.
The invention is represented in the accompanying drawings, in which :-
Fig. 1 is a side view of the break and part of the tyre at the top of the wheel
and Fig. 2 is a transverse section of Fig. 1. These views show the break free from
the tyre, whilst Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view showing the break applied to
the tyre.
The break consists of two break blocks or jaws A, which may be formed of
india-rubber, celluloid, aluminium, wood, horn, or other suitable material; these
break blocks are of curved or partially circular form on their face, and they each
embrace about a quarter of the circumference of the tyre. Each break block is
furnished with two lugs or ears a a, by means of which it is jointed to one end of a
cross head D terminating the break rod T. This cross head is provided for this
purpose with two lugs or ears C C, through which passes an axis fitting tightly
the lugs or ears a a of india-rubber or other material, so that by the break
block turning with the axis, friction takes place only within the metallic part C.
Whilst the velocipede or other vehicle is running, the break has the position
represented at Figs. 1 and 2, above and free of the tyre B. When it is desired to
apply the break, by causing the break rod T to descend by any ordinary means,
the pressure commences to be exerted on the inner edges of the break blocks at x.
But this pressure causes the break blocks to turn and the exterior edges y then
press the sides of the tyre, with greater pressure in proportion as the direct
pressure is greater. The tyre B is therefore pressed circularly around the upper
half of its circumference, and firmly held as though gripped by the hand. Under
these conditions a very slight effort is sufficient to instantly arrest the motion of the
wheel without injuring the tyre.
It will be evident that the details of construction may be varied without
departing from the peculiar character of the invention.
Dated this 20th day of April 1894.

page_text: I, BENJAMIN JOSEPH BARNARD MILLS, of 23 Southampton Buildings in the
County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, a
communication to me from Paul Fageot of 47 Boulevard du Nord, Lyons in the
Republic of France, Velocipede Manufacturer, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The break forming the object of the present invention differs from those hitherto
in use, by exerting its action not only on the external circumference of the tyre
but also on the sides in such manner as to grip it circularly, upon the upper half
of its transverse section. It is applicable to all sizes of either solid, hollow or
pneumatic tyres.
The invention is represented in the drawings accompanying my Provisional
Specification in which
Figure 1 is a side view of the break and part of the tyre at the top of the wheel
and Figure 2 is transverse section of Figure 1, as also of the rim and tyre. These
views show the break free from the tyre whilst Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view
showing the break applied to the tyre.
The break consists of two break blocks or jaws A, which may be formed of
india-rubber, celluloid, aluminium, wood, horn or other suitable material; these
break blocks are of curved or partially circular form on their face and they each
embrace about a quarter of the circumference of the tyre, each break block is
furnished with two lugs or ears a. a by means of which it is jointed to one end of a
cross head D, terminating the break rod T. This cross head is provided for this
purpose with two sockets C. C through each of which passes an axis fitting tightly
the lugs or ears a. a. of india rubber or other material, so that by the break block
turning with the axis, friction takes place only within the metallic part C.
Whilst the velocipede or other vehicle is running, the break has the position
represented at Figures 1 and 2, above and free of the tyre B.
When it is desired to apply the break by causing the break rod T to descend by
any ordinary means, the pressure commences to be exerted on the inner edges of
the break blocks at x, but this pressure causes the break blocks to turn and the
exterior edges y, then press the sides of the tyre, with greater pressure in
proportion as the direct pressure is greater.
The tyre B is therefore pressed circularly around the upper half of its
circumference, and firmly held as though gripped by the hand. Under these
conditions a very slight effort is sufficient to instantly arrest the motion of the
wheel without injuring the tyre.
It will be evident that the details of construction may be varied without
departing from the peculiar character of the invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed. I declare that what I
claim is
-
1. A new brake for velocipedes and other vehicles acting against the sides of
the tyre as also upon its external circumference by means of two concave break
blocks oscillating upon two parallel axes carried by the end of the break rod
substantially as herein shown and described.

page_text: 2. The new break for velocipedes and other vehicles substantially
shown and described.
Dated January 17 1895.
as herein
HARRIS & MILLS,
23, Southampton Buildings, W.C., Agents.