AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION SUITABLE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES, AND OF POMATUM, AND AN IMPROVED WICK FOR BURNING WITH SUCH COMPOSITION
Year: 1863

page_text: · LETTERS PATENT to Gottlieb Boccius, of Henrietta Street, in the County.
of Middlesex, Naturalist, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION
SUITABLE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES,
AND OF POMATUM, AND AN IMPROVED WICK FOR BURNING WITH SUCH
COMPOSITION."
Sealed the 21st December 1863; and dated the 26th June 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Gottlieb Boccius at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 26th June 1863.
I, GOTTLIEB Boccius, of Henrietta Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Naturalist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Ax
IMPROVED COMPOSITION SUITABLE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES AND OTHER
LIKE ARTICLES, AND OF POMATUM, AND AN IMPROVED WICK FOR BURNING WITH
SUCH COMPOSITION," to be as follows:-
My improved composition consists of a mixture of cornubia, japan, or
other vegetable wax with solid paraffin, spermaceti, or stearine, as hereafter.
stated. I take any sort of vegetable wax and melt it in any convenient vessel,
I then add from fifty to ninety-five per cent. of its weight of solid paraffin,
spermaceti, or stearine, varying the per-centage according to the hardness of the
required composition. When the whole is dissolved and combined by mixing
or stirring, I pour the melted composition into moulds of the usual form, or

page_text: dip wicks therein, 'as is now practised in making " dip" candles, or I pour the
composition into a receiver ready for sale.
In making pomatum, I take from five to ten per cent. of either of the vege-
table waxes, and ninety to ninety-five per cent of solid paraffin, spermaceti, or
stearine, and dissolve, as before stated for making candles; to this composition
I add equal quantities, by weight, of olive or other oil, known as sweet oil, but
I do not bind myself to these particular quantities, and stir the whole together
for some time, to cause the composition to be well blended. I then pour it off
in any receiver to cool. When cool, I beat it up with lavender, rose, or any
other scented water to the thickness of cream. The method I adopt to melt
and blend the composition is as follows:-The wax is the first ingredient
placed in the melting receiver, being very hard and brittle, and requiring the
greatest heat to melt; I then add the solid paraffin, spermaceti, or stearino
(whichever composition is required). I recommend the melting and blending
to be performed in a bain marie, or hot-water bath, as direct fire heat is apt
to burn and discolor the composition.
My improved wick to be used with the composition, in some cases, as for
instance, for night lights, is composed of threads of asbestos mixed or woven
with cotton or other vegetable fibre.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Gottlieb Boccius in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 24th December 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GOTTLIEB
BOCCIUS, of Henrietta Street, in the County of Middlesex, Naturalist, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Gottlieb Boccius, Her special licence that I, the said Gottlieb
Boccius, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Gottlieb Boccius, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great

page_text: WITH
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man; an Invention for
"AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION SUITABLE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES AND
OTHER LIKE ARTICLES, AND OF POMATUM, AND AN IMPROVED WICK FOR BURNING
SUCH COMPOSITION," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Gottlieb Boccius, my executors or administrators, by an instrument. in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Gottlieb Boccius, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say: -
My improved composition consists of a mixture of cornubia, japan, or
other vegetable wax, with solid paraffin, spermaceti, or stearine, as hereafter
stated. By the term cornubia wax, I mean that wax derived from the
copernicus cerifera. I take any sort of vegetable wax and melt it in any
convenient vessel, I then add from fifty to ninety-five per cent. of its weight
of solid paraffin, spermaceti, or stearine, varying the per-centage according to
the hardness of the required composition. When the whole is dissolved and
combined by mixing or stirring, I pour the melted composition into moulds of
the usual form, or dip wicks therein, as is now practised in making dip candles,
or I pour the composition into a receiver ready for sale.
In making pomatum, I take from five to ten per cent. of either of the
vegetable waxes, and ninety to ninety-five per cent. of solid paraffin,
spermaceti, or stearine, and dissolve, as before stated for making candles; to
this composition I add equal quantities, by weight, of olive or other oil
known as sweet oil, but I do not bind myself to these particular quantities,
and stir the whole together for some time to cause the composition to be
well blended. I then pour it off into any receiver to cool. When cool, I
beat it up with lavender, rose, or any other scent to the thickness of cream.
The method I adopt to melt and blend the composition is as follows:-
The wax is the first ingredient placed in the melting receiver, being very hard
and brittle, and requiring the greatest heat to melt; I then add the solid
paraffin, spermaceti, or stearine (whichever composition is required). I
recommend the melting and blending to be performed in a bain-marie, or hot-
water bath, as direct fire heat is apt to burn the composition. I find from

page_text: practice that the vegetable waxes and paraffin, spermaceti, and stearine melt
it considerably different temperatures, videlicit:
Cornubia wax melts at 190 degrees Fahrenheit.
Japan
Stearine
Spermaceti
Paraffin
132
"
136
"
"
118
"
"
108
When making my composition, it is necessary that the temperature should be
raised to the degree at which the melting of the hardest substance forming
part of the composition takes place. Thus, to form the composition of
cornubia wax and paraffin, these substances must be exposed to at least 190°
Fahrenheit in order to their intermarrying and blending.
I claim the improved composition formed by melting together, in manner
herein-before described, cornubia, japan, or other vegetable wax with solid
paraffin, spermaceti, or stearine.
My improved wick to be used with the composition, in some cases, as for
instance, for night lights, is composed of threads of asbestos mixed or woven
with cotton or other vegetable fibre.
İn witness whereof, I, the said Gottlieb Boccius, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of December, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-three.