Improvements relating to Apparatus for Evaporating, Concentrating, and Distilling Liquids.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Dec., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 26th Sept., 1890-Accepted, 1st Nov., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Apparatus for Evaporating, Concentrating,
and Distilling Liquids.
We ROBERT ANDREW ROBERTSON, and WILLIAM JULIUS MIRRLEES, both of 45
Scotland Street, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Engineers do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
These improvements apply to multiple effect apparatus for evaporating or dis-
tilling liquids, and the object of this invention is to overcome difficulties experienced
in working such apparatus.
In multiple effect apparatus as at present used, the liquid to be concentrated, evaporated,
or distilled is fed into that vessel of the series in which the pressure and temperature
are greatest, and as the liquid passes through the subsequent vessels of the apparatus
it is exposed to gradually decreasing temperature and pressure, leaving the apparatus
ultimately at a comparatively low temperature, which limits in some cases very con-
siderably the degree of concentration that can be effected, the liquids either depositing
crystals or becoming too dense to flow.
According to the present invention the difficulty referred to above is overcome
and concentration carried much further by feeding the liquid to be treated into the
vessel of the multiple effect apparatus in which the temperature is lowest and
transferring it from vessel to vessel either by pumping or otherwise, so as to expose it
to gradually increasing temperature and pressure till it reaches the last vessel of the
series, from whence it is discharged at a high temperature, in which condition the
concentrated liquid will be more fluid, and the tendency to crystalize reduced.
Dated this 26th day of December 1889.
BOTTOMLEY & LIDDLE,
154, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicants' Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Apparatus for Evaporating, Concentrating,
and Distilling Liquids.
We, ROBERT ANDREW ROBERTSON, and WILLIAM JULIUS MIRRLEES, both of 45
Scotland Street Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain Engineers, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
These improvements apply to multiple effect apparatus for concentrating, evaporating,
or distilling liquids, and the object of this invention is to overcome difficulties
experienced in working such apparatus.
In multiple effect apparatus as at present used, the liquid to be concentrated,
evaporated, or distilled, is fed into that vessel of the sories in which the pressure and
temperature are greatest, and as the liquid passes through the subsequent vessels of
the apparatus it is exposed to gradually decreasing temperature and pressure, leaving
the apparatus ultimately at a temperature, which limits in some cases very con-
siderably the degree of concentration that can be effected, the liquids either
depositing crystals or becoming too dense to flow.
According to our invention the difficulty referred to above is overcome and concen-
tration carried much further by feeding the liquid to be treated into the vessel of the
multiple effect apparatus in which the temperature is lowest and transferring it from
vessel to vessel either by pumping or otherwise, so as to expose it to gradually
increasing temperature and pressure, till it reaches the last vessel of the series from
Unics Q17

page_text: whence it is discharged at a higher temperature than that in the last vessel of the
apparatus in which condition the concentrated liquid will be more fluid and the
tendency to crystalization reduced.
In order that our invention may be understood and to show how the said invention
may be carried out, wo have hereunto appended a sheet of drawings giving an
explanatory diagram of a multiple effect apparatus consisting of three vertical
vessels having the feed connections to the first and succeeding vessels arranged in
accordance with our invention.
In the accompanying drawings wherein the several figures of corresponding parts
are marked with the same letter of reference.
Figure 1 represents a vertical section and
Figure 2 a plan partly in section of the apparatus.
A, A', A2 represent the three, evaporating vessels into the first of which A where
the boiling temperature is the lowest of the series, the liquid to be treated is fed by
pipe B, whence after concentration to a certain extent the liquid is withdrawn
through pipe G by a pump C and forced through pipe B' into the second vessel A³
where it is still further concentrated and withdrawn by a second pump C, which in
turn forces the liquid through pipe B3 into the third vessel A2, where concentration
is completed, and from whence the liquid is discharged through pipe C² either directly
into the atmosphere or to a pump or other suitable apparatus for withdrawing it
according to the pressure at which concentration is effected.
In the apparatus of which the drawing is given the steam employed for the purpose
of concentration enters the chamber of the last vessel A2, which contains the heating
surface, and the products of evaporation pass by pipe E to heating surface of the
second vessel A' where in turn the products of evaporation pass by pipe E' to heating
surface of first pan A, whence the products of evaporation are discharged by pipe E*
either to a condenser with or without an exhausting pump, or are discharged into the
atmosphere.
The products of condensation in the different vessels which are discharged by the
pipes FF & F may be conducted from vessel to vessel and finally removed from the
first vessel by means of a pump or other suitable apparatus, or removed from
the vessels in any other of the several ways now generally in use in connection with
such apparatus.
It is to be understood that this invention can be applied to any form of multiple
effect apparatus.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
In multiple effect apparatus for concentrating or distilling liquids the feeding. of
the liquid to be treated into the vessel of the series comprising the apparatus, in which
the temperature is lowest and removing or discharging it from that vessel of the
series in which the temperature is highest, the liquid in transit passing through the
several intermediate vessels in the order of the increase of the boiling temperature
of the liquid in the respective vessels.
Dated this 25th day of September 1890.
BOTTOMLEY & LIDDLE,
154, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicants' Agents.