improvements in Canales, Applicable Especialy for burning under Glass Globes or Shades.
Year: 1885

page_text: improvements in Canales, Applicable Especialy for burning
under Glass Globes or Shades.
I SAMUEL CLARKE of the Childs Hill Works in the County of Middlesex Candle
and Night Light Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLES APPLICABLE ESPECIALLY FOR BURNING UNDER GLASS
GLOBES OR SHADES" to be as follows:-
C
Heretofore in some cases Candles have been formed with two or more wicks and
have been adapted to be burnt in metal lamps in which the Candle has been
continually pressed upwards so as to keep its upper end up to and against a metal
cap by which the top of such lamp is closed. Such candles are made of considerable
length and of comparatively small diameter.
In other cases small Night Lights have been provided with wicks adapted to
divide into two or more parts as they burn and in the Specification of a Patent
applied for by me No 3683 in the present year I have described means for forming
such Night Lights.
The object of my present invention is to provide a Candle for giving a bright
light and adapted for burning simply under a shade or globe and not requiring to
be continuously pressed upwards by a Spring into a metallic nozzle as it is being
burnt.
I effect this by making the Candle in the form of a Night Light but of con-
siderably increased diameter and by providing it with two or more wicks near
together at its centre or with a single wick adapted to separate outwards into two
or more parts as the Candle burns. Preferably I form the Candle with a paper
casing surrounding its circumference and with a base of plaster of Paris and insert
the wick or wicks into holes formed to receive them in the fatty matter of which
the candle is composed as described in the Specification herein before mentioned..
Preferably for the larger candles I make two three or more separate holes in the
Candle each to receive a separate wick formed of divided rush but wicks of other
material might be used and the fatty material be cast into form upon such wicks
instead of introducing the wicks into the body of the Candle after it has been cast
to form.
I make such Candles of a diameter exceeding one inch and g and of a depth
somewhat less than 2. inches—they will give a bright light equal for the larger;

page_text: sizes to the largest candles and are well adapted for use as side lights for lighting
ball rooms and for such like purposes as by reason of their large diameter and
small height they are not liable to be upset and the paper case with which they
are surrounded will obviate all risk of guttering or spilling of grease.
Similar Candles might be made to burn in glass cups or vessels made to receive
them I prefer however to form them with an outer paper case so as to avoid the
necessity of using such glass cups which would have to be cleaned each time after
being used,
Improvements in Candles, Applicable Especially for Burning
under Glass Globes or Shades.
I SAMUEL CLARKE of the Childs Hill Works in the County of Middlesex Candle 1
and Night-light Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
'IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLES APPLICABLE ESPECIALLY FOR BURNING UNDER GLASS
GLOBES OR SHADES" and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
Heretofore in some cases candles have been formed with two or more wicks and 2
have been adapted. to be burnt in metal lamps in which the candle has been
continually pressed upwards so as to keep its upper end up to and against a metal.
cap by which the top of such lamp is closed. Such candles are made of considerable
length and of comparatively small diameter.
In other cases small night lights have been provided with wicks adapted to 2
divide into two or more. parts as they burn and in the application for a Patent
made by me N° 3683 in the present year I have described means for forming such
night lights.
The object of my present invention is to provide a candle for giving a bright
light and adapted for burning simply under a shade or globe and not requiring to a
be continuously pressed upwards by a spring into a metallic nozzle as it is being
burnt.
I effect this by making the candle in the form of a night light but of considerably
increased diameter and by either providing it with two or more wicks near
together at its centre or with a single wick adapted to separate outwards into two 3
or more parts as the candle burns. Preferably I insert the wick or wicks into boles
formed to receive them in the fatty matter of which the candle is composed as
described in the application N° 3683 herein before mentioned. Preferably also for

page_text: the larger candles I make two three or more separate holes in the candle each to
receive a separate wick formed of rush with the bark left on on the side which is
outwards, but wicks of other material might be used and the fatty material be cast.
into form upon such wicks instead of introducing the wicks into the body of the
candle after it has been cast to form.
I make such candles of a diameter exceeding one inch and g and of a depth
somewhat less than 2 inches. I also make the block of fatty matter forming the
candles with a central conical projection at the top and in order to prevent
guttering from taking place over the sides of the candle at the time when the
candle is first lighted I form a hollow in the upper face of the candle all around
the base of this conical projection in which any melted fatty matter running down
the cone when the candle is first lighted will be caught and retained.
The candles may be made to burn in glass cups or vessels made to receive them-
in which case I form a star shaped depression in the base of the block of fatty
matter to be filled in with plaster of Paris or other cement to form a base to retain
the lower ends of the wicks and prevent the wicks from tilting over when the
candle has been burning for some time and the whole of the remaining fatty
material has become melted. Or the candles may be formed with an outer paper
case so as to avoid the necessity of using such glass cups in which case a base of
plaster of Paris would be cast over the whole bottom of the block of fatty matter.
Candles formed as above described will give a bright light equal for the larger
sizes to the largest candles and are well adapted for use as side lights for lighting
ball rooms and for such like purposes as by reason of their large diameter and small
height they are not liable to be upset.
Figure 1 is a vertical section of a candle formed according to my invention and
adapted for being burnt within a glass cup. Figure 2 is a plan view. Figure 3 a
vertical section and Figure 4 an underside view of the block of fatty matter which
forms the body of the candle.
Figures 5 and 6 are vertical sections of modified forms of the candle. In these
modifications the candle is formed with an outer casing of paper and a base of
plaster of Paris to allow of their being burnt without any glass.
Figures 7 and 8 are respectively a plan and vertical section of the block of fatty
matter of which the body of the candle shown at Figure 5 is composed and
Figures 9 and 10 show similar views of the block of fatty matter of which the
body of the candle shown at Figure 6 is composed.
:
The block of fatty matter of which each of the candles is composed is cast as
shown with a central conical projection a at the top and a hollow 6 all around the
base of this projection.
The candle shewn at Figure 1 is provided with four separate wicks c set at a
short distance apart from one another.
The block of fatty matter of which the body of the candle is composed is cast
with a separate hole d through it to receive each wick as shown at Figures 2. 3
and 4-the holes may either be formed parallel with one another or slightly
inclined to one another as shown at Figure 3. The block is also cast with a star
shaped depression e on the underside of the block.
When the wicks have been placed into the holes this depression e is filled in
with plaster of Paris so as to hold their bottom ends. In the same way the candle
might be formed with two three or other number of separate wicks.
The candle shown at Figure 5 is formed from a block of fatty matter similar
to that shown at Figures 2. 3 and 4 except that it is formed without any
depression e.
When the wicks c, have been placed into the holes & a cylindrical paper casing e
is placed around the block and a base f of plaster of Paris is cast on to the bottom
of the block. It forms a cup at the bottom of the candle flat on its underside to
form a steady base for the candle to rest on and concave on its upper side so that
as the candle burns to the end all the grease may flow towards the wicks and be
consumed.

page_text: The candle shown at Figure 6 is similar to that shown at Figure 5 except that
it is smaller in size and that a single oblong hole is formed through the block of
fatty matter to receive a single wick formed of rush with the bark left on on
two opposite sides and divided down the middle between the two strips of bark.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. A candle of a diameter exceeding one inch and § and of a depth somewhat
less than 2 inches and provided with two or more wicks near together at its centre
or with a single central wick adapted to separate outwards into two or more parts
as the candle burns.
2. A candle formed as above and with a central conical projection at the top
Burrounded at its base by a hollow or depression to prevent guttering when the
candle is first lighted substantially as described.
3. A candle. formed as above and with a star shaped indentation on the under-
side of the block of fatty' material of which the body of the candle is composed
which indentation is afterwards filled in with plaster of Paris or other cement to
hold the lower end of the wicks substantially as described.