A NEW MODE OF MANUPAC- TURING A TRANSPARENT MEDIUM, PLAIN, PRINTED, AND COLORED, OF GELATINE
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Louis Cornides, of No. 4, Trafalgar Square, in the
County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "A NEW MODE OF MANUPAC-
TURING A TRANSPARENT MEDIUM, PLAIN, PRINTED, AND COLORED, OF GELATINE
Sealed the 23rd March 1855, and dated the 26th September 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Louis Cornides at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
26th September 1854.
I, LOUIS CORNIDES, of No. 4, Trafalgar Square, in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW MODE OF MANU-
FACTURING A TRANSPARENT MEDIUM, PLAIN, PRINTED, AND COLORED, OF GELATINE IN
COMBINATION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in coating or covering glass and other substances
with gelatine in combination with other substances, in the following manner,
that is to say:-
The surface to be operated upon is first made perfectly clean, and then
coated or covered with a mixture, composed of four parts of gelatine, one part
of refined sugar, and forty parts of water heated to 40° Reaumur. This may
be done by immersion, or when the surface is placed level, by allowing the
mixture to flow over it, or by rapidly spreading the composition thereon with a

page_text: brush; the surface thus coated is then left to dry, and when perfectly dry the
edge of the gelatine is moistened with a solution of nitric acid and water, in
the proportion of one part of nitric acid to ten parts of water, to make the
gelatine adhere more firmly to the substance covered with it; and if it is desired
to have the surface of the gelatine printed upon, I effect the same by trans-
ferring printed or engraved drawings on to the gelatine surface in the following
manner
The drawing must be impressed on fine thin paper, washed with a solution
of one part of gum arabic and five parts of water. The coating of gelatine is
then moistened, and the impression transferred to the gelatine by the ordinary
mode of transfer; the gum is then carefully washed off the gelatine with water,
so as not to rub the surface of the drawing; and if it is required to colour
the transferred drawing, the same may be effected by the application of a
second coating of gelatine, composed of one part gelatine and twenty parts of
water, which is laid over that on which the impression has been transferred,
and when this gelatine surface is dry it is then coloured with certain colouring
matters, according to a former Invention, for which a Patent, bearing date the
Twenty-sixth day of November, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three,
has already been granted unto me, the said Louis Cornides; and such colouring
process may be effected either by hand with a brush, or by covering all the
surface (except that part which any particular color is to be applied) with a
waterproof medium, herein-after described, by any available method, and then
applying the color to the part left uncovered, after which the waterproof
medium is removed, and so on, each color. The waterproof medium or covering
may be composed of wax and drying oil, in the proportion of one part of wax
to four parts of drying oil, which may be spread on, and afterwards taken off by
washing with spirits of turpentine; or it may be made of oiled paper or gutta
percha or india-rubber, cut out to the required form and applied to the gelatine,
slightly wetted for that purpose. The covering is afterwards removed by the
aid of spirits of turpentine. The gelatine is then coated with collodium, or with
copal varnish or solution of silica, (known as water glass.) In some instances
I propose to apply the gelatine to plates of glass, and when this is the case,
instead of covering the gelatine with collodium or copal varnish, as above
stated, another plate of glass may be laid on the first one, and fastened
down at the edges. This second plate may be coated on the inner side with
gelatine, and colored in the same manner as the first plate, so that the colors
on the two plates may blend together in any desired manner.
In order to manufacture a transparent medium according to this Invention
as a separate substance, I proceed as follows:-A clear polished surface is first

page_text: coated with collodium, and when this coating is dry it is then coated over
with gelatine, as before mentioned, and subjected to the subsequent processes
above described, except that of moistening the edges with the dilute nitric
acid. And when these processes are completed, the entire coating is drawn
off by raising it at the edges from the surfaces on which it has been laid, as
before described.
3
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Louis Cornides in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
26th March 1855.
.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, Louis
CORNIDES, of No. 4, Trafalgar Square, in the County of Middlesex, send
grecting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Louis Cornides, Her special licence that I, the said Louis Cornides, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Louis
Cornides, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW MODE OF MANUFACTURING
A TRANSPARENT MEDIUM, PLAIN, PRINTED, AND COLORED, OP GELATINE IN COM-
BINATION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Louis Cornides, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and.
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Louis Cornides, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof (that is to say):-
”་་།
My Invention consists in applying gelatine in combination with other sub-
stances to the surface of glass, in the following manner, that is to say:

page_text: The surface of the glass to be operated upon is first made perfectly clean,
and then coated or covered with a mixture, composed of four parts of gelatine,
one part of refined sugar, and forty parts of water heated to 40° Réaumur, or
in such other proportions as may be found convenient. The process of coating
may be done by immersion, or when the surface is placed level, by allowing
the mixture to flow over it, or by rapidly spreading the composition thereon
with a brush; the surface thus coated is then left to dry, in the first place, in a
cool apartment, and when it has assumed the consistency of jelly it must be
completely dried in a room heated to 90° Fahrenheit; and if the surface coated
has an edge, as a sheet of glass, the edges of the gelatine, when the same is
perfectly dry, are moistened with a solution of nitric acid and water, in the
proportion of one part of nitric acid to ten parts of water, to make the gelatine
adhere more firmly to the substance covered with it; and if it is desired to
have the surface of the gelatine impressed with letters or drawings, I effect the
same by transferring any printed or engraved impression on to the gelatine
surface in the following manner:-
The printing or drawing must be impressed on fine thin paper, washed
with a solution of one part of gum arabic and five parts of water; or, on
the elastic composition of glue, treacle and whiting, now in use for that
purpose. The coating of gelatine is then moistened, and the impression
transferred to the gelatine by the ordinary mode of transfer; and when paper
is used, the gun is then carefully washed off the gelatine with water, so as
not to rub the surface of the drawing; or I transfer the drawing or printing
by taking an impression thereof from the stone or plate, or from type, on to
a roller of the above-mentioned elastic composition, and then rolling the
moistened gelatine surface therewith; and if it is required to colour the
transferred drawing, the same may be effected by the application of a second
coating of gelatine, composed of one part gelatine and twenty parts of water,
which is laid over that on which the impression has been transferred, and is
dried in the manner before mentioned; and when this second gelatine surface
is dry, it is then colored with certain coloring matters, according to a former
Invention, for which a Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of November,
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, has already been granted to me,
the said Louis Cornides; or the first coating of gelatine may be colored as
required with such coloring matters but without any printing, and such coloring
processes may be effected either by hand with a brush, or by covering all the
surface (except that part to which any particular color is to be applied) with a
waterproof medium, herein-after described, by any available method, and then
applying the color to the part left uncovered, after which the waterproof medium

page_text: is removed, and so on, for each color. The waterproof medium or covering
may be composed of wax and drying oil, in the proportion of one part of wax to
four parts of drying oil, which may be spread on or may be impressed by any of
the transfer processes above mentioned; or the waterproof medium may be
made of oiled paper, or the waterproof medium or paper coated or covered on
one side with the before-mentioned wax composition, or with gutta percha or
india-rubber solutions, cut out to the required form and applied to the gelatine,
slightly wetted for that purpose. The waterproof medium is removed by
washing the same off with spirits of turpentine; but when paper coated as
above mentioned is used, the same is first only moistened with the turpentine
and then removed, and the oil or other coating remaining on the surface of the
gelatine is then washed off with the spirits of turpentine. When the gelatine
coating is completed, either plain, impressed, or colored, in the manner before
mentioned, it is then coated with collodium or with copal varnish. When the
gelatine is applied to plates of glass, instead of covering the gelatine with
collodium or copal varnish, as above stated, another plate of glass may be laid
on the first one, and fastened down at the edges by the use of the solution of
nitric acid, as before mentioned. This second plate may be coated on the
inner side with gelatine, and colored in the same manner as the first plate, so
that the colors on the two plates may blend together in any desired manner.
In order to manufacture a transparent medium, according to this Invention,
as a separate substance, I proceed as follows:-A clean surface of glass or
other polished surface is first coated with collodium, and when this coating is
dry it is then coated over with gelatine, as before mentioned, and subjected to
the subsequent processes above described, except that of moistening the edges
with the dilute nitric acid; and when these processes are completed, the
entire coating is drawn off, by raising it at the edges from the surfaces on
which it has been laid, as before described.
I claim as my Invention, firstly, the coating glass with gelatine combined
with sugar and water, so as to make the same adhere to the glass and be
transparent and be capable of being colored with the transparent colors,
according to my said former Invention.
Secondly, the process of coloring the gelatine with water colors, by covering
the same first with the waterproof medium, and then removing such medium,
as herein-before described.
Thirdly, the combining gelatine and collodium or other transparent varnishes
as a transparent coating for glass.
Fourthly, the combination of gelatine with collodium and other transparent
varnishes as a separate transparent medium.

page_text: And, lastly, the making, impressing, and coloring such separate transparent
medium by the processes herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Louis Cornides, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
LOUIS CORNIDES. (L.S.)
Witness,
ALEX PRINCE, Patent Agent,
4, Trafalgar Square, Charing Cross.