IMPROVE MENTS IN THE VALVES OF STEAM HAMMERS AND STEAM, HYDRAULIC, AND GAS ENGINES
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Musgrave, of the Globe Iron Works, Bolton-
le-Moors, in the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of " IMPROVE
MENTS IN THE VALVES OF STEAM HAMMERS AND STEAM, HYDRAULIC, AND GAS
ENGINES."
Sealed the 21st April 1863, and dated the 3rd November-1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Musgrave at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd November 1862.
I, JAMES MUSGRAVE, of the Globe Iron Works, Bolton-le-Moors, in the
County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention. for
" IMPROVEMENTS IN THE VALVES OF STEAM HAMMERS AND STEAM, HYDRAULIC, AND
GAS ENGINES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in making the valves of steam hammers and.steam,
hydraulic, and gas engines to work in a cylinder, the piston of which forms the
valve, the steam or other fluid for working the valve after passing through
a very small slide valve is admitted above and below the piston valve, the
centre portion of which forms the valve for admitting the steam or fluid to the
cylinder of the hammer or other engine. The small slide valve is moved to-
and-fro by levers actuated by the cylinder or crank shaft or other convenient
part of the engine and it supplies the steam or fluid to the piston valve
which it moves without the aid of levers, cams, or other connection. The

page_text: traverse of the piston valve is governed by opening or contracting the exhaust
passages at each end of the small cylinder in which the piston valve works,
by which means the piston valve is prevented from striking either end of the
cylinder.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Musgrave in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
. 1st May 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
MUSGRAVE, of the Globe Iron Works, Bolton-le-Moors, in the County of
Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said James Musgrave, Her special license, that I, the said James Musgrave, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Musgrave, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
VALVES OF STEAM HAMMERS, AND STEAM, HYDRAULIC, AND GAS ENGINES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said James' Musgrave, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing, under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Musgrave, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say :-
:
My Invention consists of improvements in the construction and mode of
working the valves of steam hammers, and steam, hydraulic, and gas engines.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood, and readily

page_text: carried into operation, I will proceed to describe the mode of constructing
and employing my improved valves as applied by me to steam bammers,
reference being had to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings and to the figures
and letters marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is an elevation of a double-acting Condies' steam haminer to which
my improvements (shewn in section) are applied; Fig. 2 is a side view of the
same; Fig. 3 is an elevation of the top part of the hammer taken from the
back, and Fig. 4 is a plan in section of the same.
a, is the cylinder which moves up and down in the usual manner, on a
piston fixed to the end of the piston rod b; c is the cylindrical case of the
equilibrium piston valve d; the case c fits in a chamber in the top plate of the
hammer, and it is made with recesses in its circumference communicating by
circular rows of holes with the interior of the piston valve d. The pipe e conveys
the steam to the valve d, from which it passes to the cylinder a, through the
ports fand 9, down the hollow piston rod b, and down the space between the
piston rod b, and casing 61. The exhaust steam from the cylinder a makes
its escape through the passage e'. The steam or other fluid for working the
valve d is conveyed through the pipe h to the valve box i, in which are the
two small slide valves j and k, fixed to the spindle 1, which is jointed to an arm
of the elbow lever m; the other arm of this elbow lever is connected by the
link n, to the lever o, fixed to the upright shaft p, to which is also fixed the
the lever q, which is acted upon by the cylinder at every up stroke thereof;
or the mechanical arrangement for working the small slide valves j and k may'
be adapted in any other convenient manner. The steam is admitted by the'
valve ; to the upper end of the valve d to depress it, and by the valve k to
the lower end thereof to raise it, and the traverse of the piston d, and con->
sequently the force of blow to be given by the hammer is governed by
opening or contracting the exhaust passages at each end of the valve box i;
each exhaust passage is provided with a screw ³, shewn in Fig. 4.; and by
turning these screws round the reduced diameter of the spindle of the screw
uncovers the passage or the larger diameter thereof, partially closes the passage,
by this means the valve d is prevented from striking either end of the case in
which it works. The exhaust steam from the valves; and k escape through
the pipes and ¹ into the passage e¹. The mode of operation is as follows:-
the Drawing represents the various parts of the hammer in the positions they
occupy when the cylinder a is stationary, that is to say, the steam ports or
passages in the cylindrical case c, opposite the ports f and 9, are closed by the
blank spaces in the valve d; in order to start the hammer and to raise the
cylinder a, steam must be admitted above the valve d, to depress it, and this is

page_text: effected by the attendant actuating the handle p', on the upright shaft p, so as
to lower the small slide valve j; when this valve is lowered the steam from the
valve box i, entering above the valve d, presses it down sufficiently to uncover
the passages c¹ and c² of the case c opposite the ports f and 9; the steam from
the pipe e then passes through the valve d through the passages in the
case c to the port.g, and thence down the space between the piston rod 6 and
the case b¹, thus admitting steam above the fixed piston and raising the
cylinder a. During the raising of the cylinder, the steam and air from under
the piston is escaping to the exhaust passage e¹, through the hollow piston
rod b, port f, and passages c', into the interior of the upper part of the valve d
from whence it escapes through the passages c³, to the exhaust pipe e': As
soon as the cylinder a has arrived at the top of its stroke the lever q is
acted upon to reverse the position of the valves j and k, thus admitting the
steam from the valve box i, to the under side of the valve d. When the
valve d is raised the steam from the pipe e, enters the port f, and passes down
the hollow piston rod b, while the exhaust steam rises up the space between
the case 6¹ and the piston rod 6 to the port g, and thence through the p
and to the exhaust pipe.
passages c³;
In the accompanying Drawing I have shewn my improvements applied to
one of Condies' steam hammers, and from the description given with the accom-
panying Drawings those acquainted with this class of machinery will clearly
understood how my improvements in valves are to be applied to other
descriptions of steam hammers and generally to steam, hydraulic, and gas
engines.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner
of performing the same. I declare that I claim, the construction and applica-
tion of auxiliary valves and their casings applied to steam hammers, and steam,.
hydraulic, and gas engines in the manner shewn and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Musgrave, have hereunto set
.
my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of April, in the
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
year
of our
JAMES MUSGRAVE. (L.S.).