A New or Improved Machine for use in Twisting and Glossing Hanks of Silk.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Machine for use in Twisting and Glossing
Hanks of Silk.
I, SIR THOMAS WARDLE, 54, St. Edward Street, Leek, Staffordshire, Silk Dyer
and Printer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This my invention has reference to a new or improved machine for use in
twisting and glossing silk, the object of my invention being to construct such
machines so that one person can attend two or more sets of hooks of such machines,
and consequently expedite work and save time.
In carrying this invention into practice I rigidly fix or support the ends of a
suitably shaped cast-iron, steel or like suitable beam or framing of any suitable
length by suitably shaped wood or metallic supports at a suitable distance apart
above the floor or ground of the building in which such machines are to be used, at
a suitable distance above such lower beam or framing I rigidly fix a similar metallic
beam to the same supports as the lower beam, such lower and upper metallic beams
having two or more suitably shaped upright or vertical bosses or guides formed on
same or attached thereto by bolts and nuts or like suitable means at a suitable
distance apart so as to extend from their upper side or top surface to their lower
side, each of which bosses or guides I drill or bore with a hole of suitable diameter
and vertically fit therein a steel, wrought-iron or like suitable metallic spindle or
shaft, the upper end of each spindle mounted in the bosses of the lower beam and
above the top surface of such beam having a suitably shaped steel or like suitable
metallic bar forged on or rigidly fixed thereto by metallic rivets, bolts and nuts or
like means, a suitably shaped hook being formed at each end of such bars, to the
lower end of such spindles after mounting same in their guides or bearing I rigidly
fix by metallic keys, pins or like means a cast-iron or other bevel-wheel of suitable
size with projecting teeth on its lower side, on a horizontal metallic shaft beneath
such bevel-wheels I fix a toothed or spur wheel of suitable size, and on the same
shaft close to or against such spur-wheels furthest from the said bevel wheels a
toothed wheel of larger diameter.
Through each of the bosses or bearings on the upper beam which are vertically
in line with those on the lower beam I loosely fit a steel or other suitable metallic
shaft having a similarly shaped hook to the hooks on the lower spindles forged on
or rigidly fixed to their lower end, and an india-rubber or like elastic block or
buffer loosely fitted on or around the upper ends of such shafts or spindles between
metallic plates so that the lower plate rests or bears upon the upper side of such
upper beam, holes of suitable shape and size being drilled or otherwise made
through the protruding upper end of such upper spindles at a suitable distance or

page_text: distances apart to enable a metallic pin, bolt or the like to be inserted therethrough
for adjusting the tension or pull on silk-hanks whilst being "pinched" or twisted.
A steel, wrought-iron, or like suitable metallic shaft mounted in suitable bearings
parallel with and a suitable distance from the shafts below the bevel-wheels, and on
which spur-wheels are fixed having two or, more suitable metallic clutches with
handles in suitable position, so that when such clutches are thrown into gear, such
shaft and spur-wheels will revolve, the teeth of the spur-wheels engaging with or
gearing into the larger toothed wheels fixed on the shafts beneath the said bevel-
wheels and cause such wheels and the spur-wheels adjacent thereto to revolve, the
teeth of the latter spur-wheels gearing into the said bevel wheels, and so causing the
bevel wheels and lower vertical shafts to revolve.
At a suitable distance from and a short distance above the top surface of the
upper beam of such machines I mount a steel or like suitable metallic shaft in
suitable bearings parallel to or nearly parallel to such beam, such shaft having as
many cranked portions formed thereon, or cranks fitted thereto as there are vertical
or upright shafts in the top beam, to each of which cranks I loosely fit one end of a
suitable lever or connecting-rod, the other ends of such connecting-rods being loosely
or pivotally connected by metallic pins to the ends of suitably shaped metallic rods
or levers of excentrics or like appliances mounted on a metallic shaft supported in
suitable bearings on the opposite side of such upper beam, the outer end of such
shaft and the outer end of the friction-clutch shaft of such machines having a
fast-pulley and a loose pulley mounted thereon.
After a suitably shaped turned tough wood stick has been placed through one
end of a suitable number of rings or hanks of silk to be twisted and glossed, the
two ends of such sticks are placed upon the curved upturned metallic hooks on
the upper spindles or shafts, and a circular or turned wood stick placed through the
lower end of such rings or hanks of unglossed silk, the outer ends of such lower wood
sticks are then placed in or beneath the downwardly curved metallic hooks on the
lower vertical spindles, one or all of the friction clutches are then thrown into gear
by means of their respective handles to cause the fixed toothed-wheels on such
clutch shaft to gear into the largest toothed-wheels fixed on the shafts mounted in
bearings beneath the aforesaid bevel-wheels causing such larger toothed-wheels and
the spur-wheels fixed against same on the same shaft to rotate, the teeth of the
said spur-wheels gearing into and causing the bevel-wheels fixed at the bottom end
of the lower vertical shafts and their hooks to rotate whilst the upper vertical shafts
and their hooks remain stationary, it will thus be understood that the hanks of
silk become tightly twisted or pinched," the strain or tension on such hanks
being compensated by the india-rubber or like elastic buffers above the upper beam,
such hanks after a few revolutions of such lower spindles and their hooks having
been sufficiently "pinched" or twisted the friction-clutches are thrown out of gear
to stop the lower spindles and hooks revolving, the cranked shaft near to the upper
beam is then put in motion or revolved by throwing an endless strap or rope from
the loose pulley on to the fixed pulley on the opposite horizontal shaft causing such
upper spindles together with the "pinched' or twisted silk hanks between the said
upper and lower hooks to have a vibratory motion imparted thereto, the attendant
in charge of such machines removing such hanks from their hooks, shaking or
loosening same and replacing such hanks on their hooks for re-twisting or "pinch-
ing" and vibrating same until sufficient gloss has been imparted by friction caused
by the vibrating motion to the silk cords or threads of such hanks.
In lieu of the hooks before mentioned a single or crane-shaped hook may be
forged on, or rigidly fixed to each of such vertical or upright spindles so that the
sticks mentioned may be dispensed with.
1

page_text: A New or Improved Machine for use in Twisting and Glossing
Hanks of Silk.
I, SIR THOMAS WARDLE, 54, St. Edward Street, Leek, Staffordshire, Silk Dyer
and Cleaner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This my invention has reference to an improved machine or apparatus for use
in twisting and glossing hanks of dyed silk, the object of my said invention being
to construct such apparatus so as to enable one person to attend two or more sets of
hooks whilst in use, thus greatly expediting work and saving time.
In order that my said invention may be more readily understood and explained
in detail I have hereunto annexed a sheet of drawings on which letters of reference
are marked.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
On reference to the drawing hereto annexed which represents a front elevation
of a machine or apparatus made according to my invention with three sets of
hooks, a, b represent two upright wood supports with a wood tie-beam c, between
which uprights at a suitable distance above the floor of a building I fix the ends of a
suitably shaped cast-iron, steel or like suitably shaped beam d, and a suitable
distance above such beam d I fix the ends of a somewhat similar metallic beam e
to such uprights a, b, such metallic beams d, e having three suitably shaped upright
or vertical bosses or guides f, g formed on or attached thereto at a suitable distance
apart so as to extend from the upper side or top surface of such beams to their lower
side, each boss or guide being drilled or bored with a vertical hole of suitable
diameter and fitted with a steel, wrought-iron or like suitable metallic spindle or
shaft h, the upper end of the spindles or shafts in the lower beam d having a
suitably shaped steel or like suitable metallic bar i forged thereon, and a suitably
shaped hook formed at each end of the vertical portions of such bar, the lower
end of the spindles in the lower beam d having a cast-iron or other suitable toothed
bevel wheel of suitable size fixed on or attached thereto for engaging or working
into toothed spur-wheels of suitable size fitted or fixed on horizontal shafts m, n, o
supported by metallic bearings p beneath the said bevel wheels k and attached or
bolted to flanges on the underside of the lower beam d.
Through each guide or boss g on the upper beam e which are vertically in line
with those on the lower beam & I loosely fit a steel or other suitable metallic shaft h
having a similarly shaped hook on their lower end to that on the upper end of
the lower spindles or shafts, an india-rubber or like similar suitable elastic block or
buffer s loosely fitting on or around the upper ends of such upper spindles between
metallic plates t, u, holes v of suitable shape and size being drilled or otherwise
formed through the upper end of the said upper spindles above the elastic buffers
at any suitable distance apart for enabling a metallic pin, bolt or the like to be
inserted before "pinching" or twisting hanks of silk so as to allow the pull or
tension on same to be automatically adjusted or regulated by the resiliency of the
elastic buffers.
After a suitably shaped turned tough wood stick has been placed through one
end of a suitable number of rings or a hank of silk to be twisted and glossed, the
ends of such sticks are placed upon the curved upturned metallic hooks r on the
upper spindles or shafts h and a turned wood stick placed through the lower end of
such rings or hanks of unglossed silk, the outer ends of such lower wood sticks are

page_text: then placed in or beneath the downwardly curved metallic hooks j on the lower
vertical spindles, one or all of the friction clutches (not shewn) at the back portion
of such machine are then thrown into gear by means of their respective handles to
_cause the fixed toothed wheels on such clutch shaft to revolve and gear into the
vertical toothed wheels fixed-on. the shafts mounted in bearings 2 beneath the
horizontal bevel wheels k, causing such toothed wheels and the toothed spur-
wheels fixed against same on the same shaft to rotate, the teeth of the said
spur-wheels gearing into and causing the horizontal bevel wheels k fixed at the
bottom end of the lower vertical spindles and their hooks to rotate whilst the upper
vertical spindles and their hooks remain stationary, it will thus be understood that
the hanks of silk become tightly twisted or "pinched" the strain or tension on such
hanks being compensated by the india-rubber or like elastic buffers s above the
upper beam, such silk hanks after being sufficiently "pinched" by the revolutions
of the said lower spindles are then glossed by first throwing the friction clutches
out of gear by means of the friction clutch handles to stop the rotation of the lower
spindles and hooks, and setting a cranked metallic shaft w near to the upper beam e
in motion or rotation by throwing an endless strap or rope from a loose pulley on
to a fixed pulley by means of a metallic slidable rod x so as to cause the spindles
of the upper beam e together with the "pinched” or twisted silk hanks between the
said upper and lower hooks to have a vibratory motion imparted thereto by means
of the levers whilst the lower spindles and their hooks remain stationary, the
attendant in charge of such machines removing such hanks from their hooks after
a sufficient number of vibrations, shaking or loosening such hanks, and re-placing
such hanks on their hooks for again twisting or pinching" and imparting a
vibratory motion to same in the manner described until sufficient gloss has been
imparted by friction caused by vibratory motion to the several silk cords or threads
of such hanks.
65
Crane shaped hooks y may be forged on or attached to the vertical spindles
instead of the hooks mentioned, so that sticks or rods may be dispensed with.
Although I have illustrated and described a machine or apparatus with three
sets or pairs of hooks I do not limit myself to that number as such apparatus may
be made with one pair or set, or any suitable number of sets of hooks within the
same framing, and actuated or worked in a similar manner to that herein described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
The construction of machines for use in twisting and glossing hanks of silk in
which any suitable number of sets or pairs of suitably shaped hooks are arranged
side by side at a suitable distance apart, and each pair or set vertically in line at
a suitable distance apart with an adjustable elastic buffer or cushion on or around
the upper end of each upper spindle and operated or worked in the manner as herein
substantially described and set forth.