IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR BRONZING, COLORING, OR OTHERWISE ORNAMENTING PAPER AND OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Leeming and Richard Ray, both of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Lithographers, and Francis
Gascoigne Lynde, of Kirkby Stephen, in the County of Westmore-
land, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR BRONZING, COLORING, OR OTHERWISE ORNAMENTING PAPER
AND OTHER MATERIALS."
Sealed the 18th March 1873, and dated the 4th January 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Leeming,
Richard Ray, and Francis Gascoigne Lynde at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 4th January
1873.
We, THOMAS LEEMING and RICHARD RAY, both of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Lithographers, and FRANCIS GASCOIGNE LYNDE, of
Kirkby Stephen, in the County of Westmoreland, Civil Engineer, do.
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS.
IN MACHINERY FOR BRONZING, COLORING, OR OTHERWISE ORNAMENTING PAPER
AND OTHER MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
The paper or other material to be bronzed or otherwise ornamented,

page_text: the bronzing brush and an india-rubber or other suitable endless belt
passing over rollers. The bronze or other powder is contained in a
stationary or revolving box with perforations, and falls on the bronzing
brush, which distributes it on the paper or other material, and which
is carried under a rapidly revolving drum covered with plush or other
suitable material to rub the bronze or other powder on to the prepared
surface of the paper or other material, which is then carried by the
endless belt between other rubbing rollers, and then passes through a
slit in a partition of the box into another compartment containing other
brushing or rubbing rollers by which the excess of bronze or other
powder is removed and the work completed. The finished paper or other
material is pushed forward by the last rollers between two elastic pads,
and thence through a slit in the end of the box. The slits in the box
through which the paper or other material is fed and discharged are
provided with india-rubber or other flap valves to prevent the escape of
the bronze or other powder, and trays are placed at the bottom of the
box to collect the bronze or other powder.
By means of this Invention the usual grippers for carrying the paper
or other material over the drum are dispensed with, and. the whole
process is performed rapidly by the rollers and other agents above
described, acting in succession on the paper or other material which
remains always in a horizontal or nearly horizontal position.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Leeming, Richard Ray, and Francis
Gascoigne Lynde in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 3rd July 2
1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
LEEMING and RICHARD RAY, both of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Lithographers, and FRANCIS GASCOIGNE LYNDE, of Kirkby
Stephen, in the County of Westmoreland, Civil Engineer, send 3
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the

page_text: thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said Thomas Leeming, Richard
Ray, and Francis Gascoigne Lynde, Her special licence that we, the said
Thomas Leeming, Richard Ray, and Francis Gascoigne Lynde, our exccu-
tors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Thomas
Lecming, Richard Ray, and Francis Gascoigne Lynde, our executors, ad-
ministrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
BRONZING, COLOURING, OR OTHERWISE ORNAMENTING PAPER AND OTHER MATERIALS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Thomas Leeming,
Richard Ray, and Francis Gascoigne Lynde, our exccutors or administra-
tors, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of our or
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Thomas Leeming, Richard Ray,
and Francis Gascoigne Lynde, do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
(that is to say) —
Our Invention consists in an improved combination of bronzing,
rubbing, polishing, and brushing rollers contained in a box with several
compartments, through which the paper or other material is carried by
an endless belt in a horizontal, or nearly horizontal position, and with
the printed or prepared side upwards.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into operation, we will proceed to describe the accompanying
Drawing which represents a sectional elevation of our improved
machinery for bronzing, colouring, or otherwise ornamenting paper and
other materials.
a is the box which is divided into four compartments containing the
various rollers for applying the bronze or other powder, and for rubbing

page_text: '
and cleaning the paper or other material to be operated upon; b is an
inclined table on which is placed the paper or other material which is
pushed through the slot c into the first compartment of the box, this
slot is provided with an india-rubber or other flap valve to prevent the
escape of the bronze or other powder which is contained in the box d,
and falls through perforations on to an apron or spreader, then on to the
brush e, which revolves rapidly in the direction of the arrow, and which
imparts a vibratory motion to the bronze box d by means of tappets or
other suitable means. There is a handle d¹ provided with a cam to raise
the bronze box out of gear when sufficient bronzo has fallen on the paper
or other material. In the lower portion of the machine is contained the
india-rubber or other suitable endless belt f, passing over the rollers g
and h. When the paper or other material to be bronzed or otherwise
ornamented, and with its printed side upwards, has been pushed through
the slot c, it is carried forward by the belt f under the roller e, and then
over the roller j into the second compartment of the box containing the
rubbing roller k, the surface of which is covered with plush or other
suitable material, which also revolves rapidly and rubs the bronzo
or other powder on to the prepared surface of the paper or other
material, the endless belt f then carries the paper or other material
over the roller into the third compartment of the box containing a
second rubbing roller m, similar to k, after passing under which the
paper or other material is carried by the endless belt over the roller n
into the fourth compartment of the box containing the revolving brush o,
by which the excess of bronze or other powder is removed, these
revolving brushes and rollers are provided with doctors p, p, to keep the
bristles or surface clean as usual, and to prevent the paper or other
material being carried round with the rollers. The paper with the
bronzed or other surface having become by this means perfectly cleaned
is then pushed forward by the belt f over the roller / between the two
surfaced rollers q and ", which are pressed together by means of screws
or springs in order to give a polish to the surface. The bronze or other
powder is collected in the trays t, t, which are placed below the endless
belt f, and can be drawn out to allow the surplus powder to be removed
to the bronze box to be used again. The rollers e, k, m, and o, are
driven by the train of wheels and pinions shewn by dotted circles and
by the pulley u, actuated by a driving strap or by hand power if
nraferable

page_text: By means of this Invention the usual grippers for carrying the paper
or other material over the drum are dispensed with, and any length of
paper or other material may be operated upon, and the whole process is
performed rapidly by the rollers and other agents above described acting
in succession on the paper or other material which remains always in a
horizontal or nearly horizontal position.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention and described a con-
venient manner of performing the same, we wish to remark that we do
not intend to limit ourselves to the details given as they may be varied
or modified according to the nature of the work to be done, and the
number of rubbing and other rollers may be increased or reduced, but
what we claim is,―
First. The general combination and arrangement of the parts forming
a machine for bronzing or otherwise ornamenting paper and other
materials in sheets or continuous rolls, as shewn and described.
Secondly. The endless belt marked f, for carrying the paper or
other material through the machine in a horizontal or nearly horizontal
position.
And, lastly. The india-rubber or other flap valve to prevent the escape
of the bronzing or other powder.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Leeming, for myself and on
behalf of the said Richard Ray and Francis Gascoigne Lynde,
have hereto set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of June,
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
THOMAS LEEMING. (L.S.)