IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS USED FOR PREPARING FABRICS OB MATERIALS TO RECEIVE EYELET HOLES OR FASTENINGS, AND FIXING EYELET HOLES AND IN FASTENINGS FOR STAYS AND OTHER ARTICLES.
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Wright, senior, and Joseph Wright, junior,
of 5, Market Terrace, Caledonian Road, Islington, in the County of
Middlesex, Eyelet and Punching Machine Manufacturers, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS USED FOR PREPARING
FABRICS OB MATERIALS TO RECEIVE EYELET HOLES OR FASTENINGS, AND
FIXING EYELET HOLES AND IN FASTENINGS FOR STAYS AND OTHER ARTICLES.".
Sealed the 28th January 1859, and dated the 9th September 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Wright, senior,
and Joseph Wright, junior at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 9th September 1858.
We, JOSEPH WRIGHT, senior, and JOSEPH WRIGHT, junior, of 5, Market
Terrace, Caledonian Road, Islington, in the County of Middlesex, Eyelet and
Punching Machine Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of the
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS. USED FOR PREPARING.
FABRICS OR MATERIALS TO RECEIVE EYELET HOLES OR FASTENINGS, AND FIXING
EYELET HOLES, AND IN FASTENINGS FOR STAYS AND OTHER ARTICLES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery and apparatus.
used for preparing fabrics or materials to receive eyelet holes or fastenings...
and fixing eyelet holes, and in fastenings for stays and other articles. For,

page_text: may
these purposes, in constructing machines and apparatus for preparing fabrics
or materials to receive eyelet holes or fastenings, the punching or cutting
apparatus is made with three fixed or adjustable guages, one for guaging the
distance the cut is to be made from the edge, the other two are for guaging
the distance the succeeding cuts shall be made from each other, and each of
these adjusting guages has a pin or projection which enters the cut or hole
last made. The object of having two such guages is that there may be one
on each side of the punch or cutter, and the one or other will be used accord-
ing to the direction in which the fabric or material to be cut is to be moved.
When making pliers used for punching holes in fabrics or materials, we apply
thereto three guages for adjusting the distances of the holes from each other and
from the edge. In constructing inachines or apparatus for fixing eyelet holes
to fabrics and materials in place of the lower or bed die being fixed on the bed
as heretofore, the standard or upright is formed with a projection or arm above
the bed or surface on which the machine is fixed, on to which arm or projection
the lower or bed die is fixed-or applied in such manner that parts of the work
be under the arm or projection when an eyelet hole is being fixed in
another part of the work or material. In order to render it unnecessary to
have several machines, we arrange a moveable die plate, having two dies of
different sides capable of being fixed to the bed or to an arm or projection
from the standard or upright in two different positions, one position cor-
responding with that of the punch or upper die, and another at a distance
therefrom, so that either of the two dies may be brought into position to be
worked with a proper punch. In some cases we combine two, three, or more
upper dies or punches to work at different heights one above the other, in
which cases
the standards or uprights of the machines are constructed with two,
three, or more lower dies at different heights on suitable arms or projections,
and where desired one of the dies or punches may be a cutting die or punch,
working with a suitable bed die or punch. In some machines we combine a
series of bed dies, so that one may be in a position under the punch, whilst
another is in position to have an eyelet hole placed thereon by the working of
the machine, and in the working of the machine the series of of lower or bed dies
are moved a distance after each action of the punch, so as to bring another die
with an eyelet hole into position under the punch to receive pressure; provision
is also made in the machine for supplying an eyelet hole to the dies in succes-
sion, when they are moved into the position where the feed apparatus is
situated. When machines are made to act by rotatory imotion, we use a
sliding guage or filling pieces to adjust for tlie thickness of the materials placed
in the machine at different times. In making. stay fasteners, where the holes:

page_text: or slots are cut in sheet metal, we apply a ring at one end, and we by
preference, fix the other end of the plate by an eyelet hole. In the making of
fasteners where a strap is used, the fastener is made in one piece of sheet
metal formed into three parallel bars, one of which is formed with a tongue or
projection to enter into an eyelet hole on the strap; the fastener is fixed by the
middle bar, and the end of the strap is passed under the outer bar.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Wright, senior, and Joseph Wright, junior, in the.
Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th March 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOSEPH
WRIGHT, senior, and JOSEPH WRIGHT, junior, of 5, Market Terrace, Caledonian
Road, Islington, in the County of Middlesex, Eyelet and Punching Machine
Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing, date the Ninth day of September, in the year of our Lord.
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said Joseph Wright and Joseph Wright, Her special licence that we,
the said Joseph Wright and Joseph Wright, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said Joseph Wright and Joseph Wright,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND
APPARATUS USED FOR PREPARING FABRICS OR MATERIALS TO RECEIVE EYELET HOLES
OR FASTENINGS, AND FIXING EYELET HOLES, AND IN FASTENINGS FOR STAYS AND OTHER
ARTICLES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Joseph
Wright and Joseph Wright, our executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of
one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Joseph Wright and Joseph Wright,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the

page_text: same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by he following statement thereof, that is to say :-
Jart of our Invention relates to machinery and apparatus used for preparing
fabics or materials to receive eyelet holes or fastenings. In constructing
machines and apparatus for preparing fabrics or materials to receive eyelet holes
or fastenings, the punching or cutting apparatus is made with three fixed or
adjustable guages, one for guaging the distance the cut is to be made from the
edge, the other two are for guaging the distance the succeeding cuts shall be
made from each other, and each of these adjusting guages has a pin or pro-
jection which enters the cut or hole last made. The object of having two such
guages is that there may be one on each side of the punch or cutter, and the
one or other will be used according to the direction in which the fabric or
material to be cut is to be moved.
Figure 1 is a side view of a machine having adjustable guages 'combined with
it. Figure 2 is a plan of the arm which carries the bed die and the guides.
a is the lower or bed dic, on each side of which is placed an arm b; these
arms turn on centres 6', 6', and have segments of screw wheels formed or fixed
on them at 6º, 6; c is a screw which gears with these screw segments, and
when turned it causes the pins b³, 63, at the ends of the arms b, b, to move
either to or from the bed die, according to the direction in which the screw 'is
turned; the distances of the one pin from the bed die remaining at all times
equal to that of the other. The screw c is so arranged in the machine shown
in the Drawing as to be capable of being put into gear with the working parts
of the machine, in order that it may be moved a step forward after every
descent of the cutting punch; this arrangement is useful when preparing the
uppers of boots to receive eyelets, as it is then desirable in this description of
work that the holes should at the commencement be placed comparatively
close together, and that the distance between them should be progressively
increased up to the termination of the line of holes. At the end of the screw
c is a ratchet wheel d, which receives its motion from a driver e carried by the
lever f; this lever turns on a centre f¹, and is by a connecting rod 9 connected
with a pin h, attached to the sliding bar carrying the cutting punch; the upper
end of the connecting rod g is slotted to allow the pin to traverse a distance
independently of the rod g; this distance can be adjusted by the screw g¹; i is
a screw stop for regulating the distance of the holes from the edge of the work.
When making pliers used for punching holes in fabrics or materials, we' in the
same manner apply thereto three guages for adjusting the distances of the
holes from each other and from the edge. Figure 3 is a side view of a pair
of pliers constructed in this manner. Figure 4 is an end view, and. Figure 5
وا

page_text: is a plan, with the upper jaw removed, of the same. a, a, are the stops for
adjusting the distance between the holes, which in this case are fixed; bis the
stop for regulating the distance of the holes from the edge of the work.
In constructing machines or apparatus for fixing eyelet holes to fabrics and
materials, in place of the lower or bed die being fixed on the bed as heretofore,
the standard or upright is formed with a projection or arm above the bed or
surface on which the machine is fixed, on to which arm or projection the lower
or bed die is fixed or applied in such manner that parts of the work may be under
the arm or projection when an eyelet hole is being fixed in another part of thie
work or material. Figure 6 is a side view, partly in section, of a 'machine
constructed in this manner. a is the frame of the machine, and a¹ the arm on
which the bed die 6 is mounted in such a manner as to allow a portion of the
work to pass under the arm while the eyelets are being fixed, which is a great
convenience for some descriptions of work. The dies are such as have before
been used, nor is there any novelty in the method of actuating them. It will
be seen that the lower die is furnished with a nipple c, kept up by a spiral
spring c; this nipple receives the eyelet, which it holds in position until the
punch or upper die is brought down. The upper die is mounted on the sliding
rod d, which is slotted at its upper end as shown, and enters between the
sides of a passage formed for it through the arm e; this arm carries a pin e¹,
which passes through the slot in the end of the rod d. f is an axis, having
the arm'e fixed to it by the key g, and it has the handle h mounted at its end;
thus, when this handle is brought into the position shown by the red lines in
the Drawing, the two dies are brought together to fix the eyelet. i is a stop
carried by the arm'e, and which is used to prevent the dies being injured by
being brought into actual contact; j is a counterpoise for bringing up the punch
after each stroke of the machine. In order to render it unnecessary to have
several machines, we' arrange a moveable die plate, having two dies of different
sizes, capable of being fixed to the bed or to an arm or projection from the
standard or upright in two different positions, one position corresponding with
that of the punch or upper die, and' another at a distance therefrom, so that
either of the two dies may be brought into position to be worked with a
proper punch.
أخرة
Figure 7 is a side view of a machine arranged with a moveable plate which
carries two lower dies; a plan of this plate is shown at Figure 8. One of
these dies is suitable for fixing what are known as French eyelets, and the
other for fixing English eyelets, in which a ring of metal is shut between the
work and the head of the eyelet formed by the machine. In order to change
the die it is only necessary to remove the screws which fix the plate to the

page_text: machine, to turn it end for end, and refix it. Both the dies shown are suitable
for working, with one-punch, but in some cases the punch may be removed.
and another substituted when the bed dies are so formed as to require
different punches. In some cases we combine two, three, or more upper dies
or punches to work at different heights, one above the other, in which cases
the standards or uprights of the machines are constructed with two, three, or
more lower dies at different heights on suitable arms or projections, and where:
desired one of the dies or punches may be a cutting die or punchi working.
with a suitable bed, die or punch.
! !
Figure 1, already in part described, shows a machine arranged in this
manner. The lower part of the machine is for cutting or forming the holes
in the work for receiving the eyelets, and the sliding rod which carries the
cutting punch has an arm' A fixed on it, and this has attached to it a second-
rod sliding in guides on the frame, and having at its lower end, a punch
suitable for fixing eyelets, and the lower die for this punch is carried by a
projecting arm from the frame as is shown. Figure 7, also in part before
described, shows another machine arranged in this manner in this machine ;.
both the upper and lower pairs of dies are suitable for fixing eyelets. The
two sliding rods are connected together by a piece A as before: Figure 9 is
a side-view partly in section of a machine, having three upper dies or punches
arranged to work at different heights. It will be seen that the frame is
formed with three arms, having holes through them for the passage of the
sliding rods carrying the punches. The two lower arms also carry dies corre-.
sponding with the two upper punches, the die for the lower punch being.
fixed on the bed of the machine. The sliding rod of the centre punch is
actuated as in the 'machine shown at Figure 6, and the two other sliding:
rods are connected with the centre rod by the cross piece B.. In some:
machines we combine a series of bed dies, so that one may be in position
under the punch, whilst another is in position to have an eyelet hole placed
thereon by the working of the machine, and in the working of the machine
the series of lower or bed dies are moved, a distance after each action of the
punch, so as to bring another die with an eyelet hole into position under
the punch to receive pressure; provision is also made in the machine for
supplying an eyelet hole, to the dies in succession when they are moved into
the position where the feed apparatus is situated; Figure 10 is a side view
of a machine constructed according to this part of our Invention; and
Figure 11 is a plan of the lower portion of the machine, the upper portion
thereof being removed. "The punch of this machine is mounted on a sliding,
rod; which is actuated as in the machines already described; it works with;

page_text: three lower dies a, a, a, which are in succession brought under it, the
block a on which they are mounted being arranged to revolve round the
centre ; it has fixed to it the ratchet wheel c, into the teeth of this the
pins d', d, on the driver d take. This driver is mounted on a slide e, and
receives a to-and-fro motion from the lever f, which is connected by the
slotted rod-g with the arm h on the same axis with the handle. Each to-and-
fro motion of the driver d causes the block a to make one-third of a 'revo-
lution, that is to say, the driver takes two teeth of the ratchet wheel c; for
this purpose the driver is caused to travel through a sufficient space to allow
the pin d to fall into the tooth next in advance of that left by the pin dat
the commencement of the motion, and in the return motion, after the pin
has rotated the ratchet wheel c as far as it can do so, the pin de falls into
the tooth next in advance, and completes the motion; a spring is employed
to press the pins on the driver up to the teeth of the ratchet wheel.:
In this machine,, in order to prevent the nipples of the lower dies rising up
through the eyelets, when they have been fixed and the punch has again risen,
which would necessitate the freeing the work by hand, the nipples are formed
with stems projecting downwards below the ratchet wheel-c; and these stems
are notched, so that when one of the nipples is depressed, the spring i falls
into the notch, and retains it until by the rotation of the block a it is carried
past the spring. In order to feed eyelets on to the nipples, a number of
eyelets are threaded on the wire j, which is suspended from a convenient point
above the machine, and they pass down through the tube k, which forms a
guide for the lower end of the wire until they rest on the upper plate of the
slide 1; this slide 1 is mounted in guides on the standard of the machine, and
it receives its motion from an arrangement of levers as shown. The upper
plate of the slide has a slot formed in it, which is too narrow to allow the
flanges of the eyelets to pass through it, but at one end of the slot is an
enlargement which gives sufficient space for this purpose, and when it comes
under the end of the tube , it allows an eyelet to fall through on to the lower
plate of the slide, and at the next motion this plate passes from under the eyelet,
and allows it to fall on the nipple underneath. In making stay fasteners, where
the holes or slots are cut in sheet metal we apply a ring at one end, and by
preference fix the other end of the plate by an eyelet hole. Figures 12 show
edge views and plans respectively of a stay fastener constructed in this manner
and of the stud with which it works; Figure 13 is a plan of the two com-
bined together, as when in use the ring a, it will be seen, turns on a sort of
hinge joint, and serves to lock the stud to prevent it escaping from the
fastener, and also to take hold of when it is required to place the fastener over

page_text: its stuid or to remove it from it.", The form of this ring may, be, modified, and
it may be made.more or less ornamental according to the use to which the
fastener is to be applied., Figures 14 show a similar fastener arranged to work
with a stud on the busk of a pair of stays., Figure 15 is, a plan of a fastener
arranged to be. fixed to;a-fabric by means of eyelets. In the making of
fasteners, where a strap is used, the fastener is made in one piece of sheet
metal formed into three parallel lines, one of which is formed with a tongue or
projection. to enter into an eyelet hole, on the strap-the fastener is fixed by the
middle bar, and the end of the strap is passed under the outer bar. Figures 16
show, in plan and edge view respectively, a fastener constructed in this manner;
its, form is clearly shewn in the Drawing..
In witness whereof, we, the said Joseph Wright, sen'; & Joseph Wright,
jún, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Ninth day of March,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Witness,
S. CARPMAEL.
JOSEPH WRIGHT, JUNIOR. (L.S.) ·