CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CUT- TING SWEDISH AND OTHER TURNIPS, MANGEL WORZEL, AND OTHER ROOTS USED AS FOOD FOR SHEEP, HORNED CATTLE, AND OTHER ANIMALS
Year: 1837

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
GARDNER, of Banbury, in the County of Oxford, Ironmonger, send greeting.
WHEREAS His late most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Eleventh day of January, in the seventh year of His reign,
did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said James Gardner, His especial license, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said James Gardner, my exors, adiñors, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said James Gardner, my exors, adñors, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England and Wales, and the Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CUT-
TING SWEDISH AND OTHER TURNIPS, MANGEL WORZEL, AND OTHER ROOTS USED
AS FOOD FOR SHEEP, HORNED CATTLE, AND OTHER ANIMALS;" in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said James Gardner, shall
cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His said Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
James Gardner, do hereby describe the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, are. fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to
the Drawing annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is
to say :-
My Invention consists in improvements in machinery for cutting turnips
and other roots, and consists principally in the arranging of the cutting edges,
which are so constructed as to come into action successively in like manner to
the cutting edges which were fully described in the Specification of a Patent
granted to me by His late Majesty King William the Fourth, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-fifth day of September, One thousand eight hundred
and thirty-four; and in my present Invention the cutting edges or knives are
similar to those employed in my former machine; and my present improvements
only relate to the application of such cutting edges or knives on flat surfaces,
in place of having them arranged on the periphery of a revolving cylinder, as
was the case in my former machine.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a machine constructed according to my
Invention. Figure 2 is a front view; and Figure 3 shews the cutting edges
or knives, and the frame in which they are set separately. It will be seen
that each cutting edge or knife may be said to consist of two parts, which
stand at or near a right angle to each other, and the knives are arranged one
above the other, and consequently come into action in succession or step by
step, which constituted a main feature of my former Invention.
a, a, a, are
the series of cutting edges or knives, and it will be seen that they are all
formed out of one plate of steel; but it will be evident that each knife might
be separate, or otherwise made of separate parts, though I believe the mode
shewn to be the best. The knife frame 6 slides in grooves or guides at the
front of the machine, as is clearly shewn in the Drawing. The workman in
using the machine takes hold of the handle c and works the knife frame up
and down, and with the other hand he pushes forward the roots to be cut, or
the knife frame may be arranged to move to and fro in a horizontal or other
direction, as will be evident to a mechanic. d are a number of steps cor-
responding with the number of cutting edges or knives, on to which the knives
come and complete their cut, the knife frame not being able to descend so low
as to enter such steps but slightly.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of

page_text: performing the same, I would have it understood that what I claim is the new
mode of applying the cutting edges or knives, whereby I am enabled to
construct a machine suitable for cutting turnips and other roots much cheaper
than when such knives are applied, as in my former Patent, to a revolving
cylinder, which improved machine will be particularly useful where the
quantity of roots to be cut is not large, or where more time can be allowed
for cutting them.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Gardner, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and thirty-seven.
Inrolled the Eleventh day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-seven.