A NEW MODE OR METHOD OF UTILIZING THE HEAT UNDER ORDINARY FIRE-PLACES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Walter Smartt, of Buckhurst Hill, in the Parish
of Chigwell, in the County of Essex, for the Invention of "A NEW
MODE OR METHOD OF UTILIZING THE HEAT UNDER ORDINARY FIRE-PLACES,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Walter Smartt at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 16th February 1869.
I, WALTER SMARTT, of Buckhurst Hill, in the Parish of Chigwell, in
the County of Essex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "A NEW MODE OR METHOD OF UTILIKING THE HEAT UNDER ORDINARY
FIRE-PLACES, AND THE APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING THE SAME," to be as
follows:-
I use the heat under sitting-room, office, and other similar fires for
heating, cooking, warming, and drying purposes, and with this object
I use a portable apparatus or ovens which is specially constructed and
adapted for being supported or placed for use under fires. Things or

page_text: articles. intended to be heated, cooked, warmed, or dried are, according
to the circumstances in each case, either placed in vessels in the ovens
or simply in the ovens. The ovens with contents are then placed in the
spaces under the fires, when the said spaces do not contain too large a
quantity of ashes; or the ovens may be placed under the fires before
receiving the said things or articles. Should the ovens upon inspection
when in use be found to be too cool, hot ashes are caused to fall upon
and around them. Coverings to protect from cold are used, or the tops
may be placed with the concave side upward to return ashes; and in the
event of their being found to be too hot they are moved partly from under
the fire. The tops are so placed as to throw off the ashes, or the extra
cases or extra or false tops, fronts, or coverings are used. In due time the
ovens are removed, brushed, or dusted (if not protected by extra case or
otherwise), and placed upon any suitable surface or stand, and the
contents removed. The ovens are found to be comparatively clean, and
may be hung or placed in reserve with clean utensils. The spaces in
which the ovens are intended to be used may be supplied with hooks or
slides for the support of the said ovens, or be otherwise prepared or
altered for its reception or otherwise. The ovens, which rest in the said
spaces on hooks or other supports or slide on or run in upon wheels at a
suitable or varying distance from the fire, are made of sheet iron or
other appropriate material or materials. The exact form and dimen-
sions of each oven depend upon the form and size of the fire and the
other circumstances under which the said oven may be intended to be
used, and fits the space in which it is used or otherwise. Thickness or
thicknesses of each part of each oven depend upon the amount of cold or
heat to which the said parts are expected to be exposed, as well as to
the strength required. The openings and the doors, lids, or coverings
which are placed at top or otherwise are so arranged as to afford good
protection to the contents; and extra case or extra or false tops, fronts,
or coverings are used when necessary to resist either cold or intense
heat. The extra case or extra or false tops, fronts, or coverings are made
capable of being so moved as to vary their power. The tops are convex
and reversable so as to retain or throw off ashes. The several parts arċ
ornamental or plain. Projections or other means are provided to enable
dishes, vessels, things, or articles when inside to be prevented from
touching the ovens more than necessary. All attached handles are so
arranged as to be as cool and useful as possible. Detachable handles
with or without brushes are used when required. Vessels (for liquids

page_text: for scenting, flavouring, or moistening), ventilators, supports, and fasten-
ings are used when required; almost any rack, dish, or utensil may be
used with this oven.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,.
filed by the said Walter Smartt in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 16th August 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WALTER
SMARTT, of Buckhurst Hill, in the Parish of Chigwell, in the County of
Essex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the
thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Walter Smartt, Her
special licence that I, the said Walter Smartt, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Walter Smartt,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"A NEW MODE OR METHOD OF UTILIZING THE HEAT UNDER ORDINARY FIRE-PLACES,
AND THE APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING THE SAME," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Walter Smartt, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Walter Smartt, do hereby declaro
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:--
The nature of my Invention is as follows:-I use the heat under

page_text: sitting-room, office, and other similar fires for heating, cooking, warm-
ing, and drying purposes, and with this object I adopt a portable
apparatus or oven which is specially constructed and adapted for being
suspended, supported, or placed for use under fires. Things or articles
intended to be heated, cooked, warmed, or dried are, according to the
circumstances in each place, either placed in vessels in the ovens or
simply in the ovens. The ovens with contents are then moved into the
spaces under the fires when the said spaces do not contain too large a
quantity of ashes; or the ovens may be under the fires before receiving
the said things or articles. Should the ovens upon inspection when in
use be found to be too cool, hot ashes are caused to fall upon and around
them. Coverings to protect from cold are used; one top only may be
used, and this may be placed with the concave side upwards to retain
ashes, and conducting reflecting projections may be used to cause the
ashes and heat to be concentrated around and in the ovens, and in
the event of their being found to be too hot they are moved partly from
under the fire; the tops and the side projections may be so placed as
to throw off the ashes. The extra cases or extra or false tops, fronts, or
coverings are used as required, and may be supported from the ovens or
otherwise. In due time the ovens are removed, brushed, or dusted if
not protected by extra case or otherwise, and may be placed upon any
suitable surface or stand and the contents removed, or the contents may
be removed from the ovens while these are under the fire. The ovens
are found to be comparatively clean, and may be hung or placed in
reserve with clean utensils. The spaces in which the ovens are intended
to be used may be lined with copper or polished, or other substance or
substances to conduct or reflect the heat to the ovens may be supplied
with shelves, hooks, and slides, or other supports for the support of the
said ovens or for the support of the extra protectors or coverings, or be
otherwise prepared or altered for its reception or otherwise. The ovens,
which are simply placed in the said spaces or rest in the said spaces on
hooks or other supports or slide in or run in upon wheels at suitable
distances from the fires, are made of sheet iron or other appropriate
material. The exact form and dimensions of each oven depend upon
the form and size of the fire and the other circumstances under which
the said oven may be intended to be used. The thickness or thicknesses
of each part of each oven depend upon the amount of cold or heat to
which the said parts are expected to be exposed as well as to the strength
required. The openings and the doors, lids, or coverings which are

page_text: placed at the front, the top, or other position, are so arranged in each
case as to afford good protection to the contents, and to be as convenient
as possible, and an extra case or extra or false tops, fronts, or coverings
are used when necessary to resist either cold or intense heat, protect
from dust, and so forth. The extra case or the extra or false tops, fronts,
or coverings are made capable of being so moved as to vary their power.
The tops may be convex and reversible, so as to retain or throw off
ashes and for the inside of the inner cover to be used as a dish. The
several parts are made ornamental or plain according to taste. Projec-
tions or other means are provided to enable dishes or vessels containing
things or articles when inside to be prevented from touching the ovens
more than necessary. All attached handles are so arranged as to be
as cool and useful as possible. Detachable handles, with or without
brushes, are used when required; one detachable handle may be used for
the oven and things used with it. Vessels for liquids for scenting, flavour-
ing, or moistening, ventilators, supports, and fastenings are used when
required; a variety of racks, dishes, or utensils may be used with my
ovens. An outside covering for the whole oven may be used, but will
be seldom required. All or any of the cases, coverings, or spaces may
vary in size and may contain fluids or other ingredients for the better
regulation of temperature, and the same may be used for preparing
fluids, articles, or ingredients or edibles for their various uses.
The principal peculiarities of this Invention comprise an oven or
vessel constructed specially for use under fires. Handles, detachable or
protected; projections for keeping the contained things or articles at a
sufficient distance from the oven or vessel; moveable coverings or slides
for protecting the ovens or vessels from extreme heat or cold, and
projections for reflecting and conducting the heat and ashes to the
ovens. Generally these will all be useful, but exceptionally one or more
of them may be unnecessary or objectionable.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1, exterior front of oven for low fires.
A, A, extra top, iron preferred, hinged or to slide or fit on; may contain
mind sim to retain ashes and may be which in

page_text: concave side may be used as a dish, may be high like A, A. C, C, lower
portion, copper or iron preferred; inside or both suitably covered as B, B;
sides may be vertical, or the top may be the larger to protect the sides
from the fires, or smaller, that the sides may be exposed to the fires.
D, D, D, projections for reflecting the heat and throwing the ashes
against the ovens; may extend partly or all round. I prefer them to
decline to the front of the ovens; may be separate, detachable, or attached
to the ovens. I prefer them so hinged or so placed in slots as to allow
ashes to fall by moving them upwards, not required with strong fires
and shallow ovens; may be much higher in front or otherwise vary in
height, size, thickness, and material, that is, in reflecting, conducting,.
and protecting power. E, E, small knobs or other projections to separate
the tops and allow air to circulate and steam to escape. F, F, F, sockets
to receive portable handle, which latter may be used for the inner vessels
also. G, ventilator; not generally required with low ovens; should
ventilate, but keep the dust out. H, H, covering to protect from cold,
not required when D with a high front is used. This should have as.
little conducting power as possible.
Fig. 2, detachable handle and socket.
A, A, oven or receptacle, the weight of which causes the handle to
retain its hold. B, B, socket. C, C, handle, which may have as a
precaution a catch or spring. I prefer this handle, but attached pro-
tected handles or short attached handles with additional detachable ones
may be used. The bayonet or any other fastening may be adopted.
Detachable handles may have brushes attached.
Fig. 3, inside of bottom.
A, A, A, inside. B, B, wire or other projections to keep dishes or
articles from touching the bottom and sides more than necessary; may
be of any suitable extent, and may extend partly up the sides as and in
lieu of other supports for contained vessels. C, C, a space separated to
contain water, fluid, or articles (to give off steam) or other properties or for
preparation for use), and to separate the cold front when other protection
is not used. This space may vary in size, may extend all round and at
the bottom, may be divided, may have a suitable aperture and lip or
opening for the ingress or egress of liquids or articles. D, opening for
liquids or articles. E, socket for portable handle F, F, (H, H,) in Fig. 1,
extends a suitable distance round.

page_text: as constituent parts of the particular forms of apparatus which I have
found serviceable in practice.
In witness whereof, I, the said Walter Smartt, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
Witness,
THOMAS MORGAN,
Clerk to the Inventors' Patent Right
Association, Limited,
21, Cockspur Street,
Charing Cross,
Patentee's Agents.
W. SMARTT. (L.S.)