Improved Method and Apparatus for Printing, and Principally for Planographic or Lithographic Multicolor Printing.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Nov., 1899-Accepted, 10th Feb., 1900
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Method and Apparatus for Printing, and Principally for
Planographic or Lithographic Multicolor Printing.
I, HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert Haddan & Co., of 18, Bucking-
ham Street, Strand, W.C., London, Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention a communication to me from abroad by The American
Lithographic Company, of New York, United States of America, and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
The invention consists of improvements in the art of printing and in printing,
apparatus and mechanism, and especially in apparatus and mechanism for plano-
graphic or lithographic printing. The invention has particularly in view multicolor
printing. In some of its branches it is limited strictly to planographic or litho-
graphic printing, but in others of its branches it includes as well relief or intaglio
printing where the relief or intaglio printing surface has been primarily a plano-
graphic or lithographic surface to which the design has been applied after the
lithographic manner and which surface has been subsequently developed into a
printing surface for that design of the character desired by suitable deep etching
and routing out or otherwise. The object of the invention is to make multicolor
printing on the rotary press principle accurate and cheap and rapid.
The accompanying drawings show apparatus embodying the invention in the
best forms known to applicant and apparatus by which the improvements in the
art may be successfully carried out.
In the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, Fig: 1 is
a side view, with certain parts broken away, of a multicolor lithographic printing
press embodying certain features of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a side view from the other side, with certain parts broken away.
Fig. 3 is a central longitudinal section showing particularly the arrangement
of printing, inking and dampening mechanisms about the impression drum.
Fig. 4 is an end view of the frame of the machine and the drum.
Fig. 5 is a central transverse section.
Fig. 6 is a detail view taken partly in section through one of the printing sur-
faces on the line B B of Fig. 14.
Fig. 7 is a detail view partly in section taken through the main ink-distributing
cylinder and ink fountain on the line A A of Fig. 14.
Fig. 8 is a top view of a part of the machine.
Fig. 9 is a detail sectional view showing part of the driving mechanism.
Figs. 10, 11, 12 and 13 are details showing the paper gripping devices.
Fig. 14 is a detail sectional view on different longitudinal lines showing the
inking and dampening mechanisms, one of the inking mechanisms being shown
as swung up.
Figs. 15 and 16 are details showing the ink swinging frames and the mech-
anism for longitudinally reciprocating two of the ink metal riders.
Fig. 17 is a detail showing part of the mechanism for swinging the inking
frames.
Fig. 18 is a detail view showing the cam and connections for vibrating the ink
ductor roller.

page_text: Figs. 19 and 20 are details of the main ink-distributing cylinder and the
apparatus for vibrating the water roller.
Figs. 21 and 22 are details showing the mode of mounting and unmounting
the rollers.
Fig. 23 is a detail sectional view taken on the line C C of Fig. 17.
Figs. 24 and 25 are sectional and front views of the inking and damping frames
at one side of the machine and of the means for driving the inking and dampening
rollers positively from the main ink-distributing cylinder.
Figs. 26, 27 and 28 are side and sectional views of the ink swinging frame and
its lifting plate and the adjustable mounting of the inking rollers therein.
Figs. 29, 30 and 31 diagrammatically represent the different positions of the
printing, inking and dampening mechanisms with respect to one another and to
ihe impression surface.
Fig. 32 is a side view of the group of distant ink reservoirs, with air-com-
pressing plant.
Fig. 33 is a top view of same.
Figs. 34 and 35 are side and end views of the system of connecting ink. ducts.
Fig. 36 is a side view of a part of the press, showing the common water supply
system for the series of water supply rollers or fountains.
Figs. 37 and 38 are detail sectional views of the dampening mechanism at one
printing surface and its connection with the common water supply system, the
section being taken at right angles and parts being broken away to show the
connections desired.
Fig. 39 is a side view of one of the printing tubes combined with its form
support and shaft, a part being broken away to show the releasing or unseating
device.
Fig. 40 is a sectional view of the same.
Figs. 41 and 42 are end views of the printing tube and its form support.
Fig. 43 is a sectional view of same.
Fig. 44 is a top view, partly in section.
Fig. 45 is a view of one end with certain parts removed.
Fig. 46 is a greatly enlarged sectional view of the composite printing tube, in
its preferred mode of construction, seated upon its form support.
Fig. 47 is a side view of the machine, showing the tube handling devices,
especially the circular rails and carriage and the contact points for automatically
stopping the carriage; some of the parts of the press are removed and other parts
broken away.
Fig. 48 is a detail of the devices for automatically stopping the carriage.
Fig. 49 is a view of the circular rails and the revoluble receiving standard,
taken from the other side of the press from that of Fig. 47.
Fig. 50 is a plan of the carriage for handling the printing tubes, mounted upon
the circular rails.
Fig. 51 is a side elevation of the same.
Fig. 52 is an end view of the same, showing the permanent shaft of a printing
cylinder or tube grasped by the hoisting arms.
Fig. 53 is a vertical section taken on the lines D D Fig. 52, viewed as shown
by the arrow.
Figs. 54 and 55 are detail views of the right and left handed screw of the hoist-
ing arms and their connections.
Fig. 56 is a vertical cross section through the center of a revoluble receiving
standard and the press, parts of the press being removed.
Fig. 57 is a detail of the driving mechanism of the revoluble standard.
Fig. 58 is a side view of the receiving standard provided with its receiving
shafts.
Fig. 59 is a vertical cross section through the middle of the same, some parts
being broken away.
Fig. 60 is an end view of the standard.

page_text: Fig. 61 is a detail of a swinging head of the same.
Fig. 62 is a vertical longitudinal section through a part of the press, showing
a printing cylinder for printing on the reverse side of the web, and an offsetting
web.
Fig. 63 is a partial side view of the press, showing the bronzing and dusting
attachment in place.
Fig. 64 is a longitudinal section of the same.
Fig. 65 is an enlarged view of the bronzing attachment, showing a wire brush.
Fig. 66 is an end view of the parts shown in Fig. 63.
t
Fig. 67 shows the connecting mechanism for driving the bronzing and dusting
devices.
Fig. 68 is a view of the bronzing and dusting devices, looking in the direction
of the arrow in Fig. 67 the drum being removed.
Fig. 69 is a side view of a part of the press showing the controlling engine and
its connections with the press.
Fig. 70 is a front view of the press, showing the connections with the controlling
engine and the electrical connections.
Fig. 71 is a plan view of a hand wheel for operating the controlling engine.
Fig. 72 is a vertical section through the middle of the same and part of the
standard on which the hand wheel is mounted.
Fig. 73 is a diagrammatic plan illustrating various circuits of the controlling
engine and their mode of operation.
Fig. 74 is a similar diagrammatic plan illustrating the circuits of the controlling
engine for operating the carriage.
Fig. 75 is a plan view of part of the mechanism of the controlling engine.
Fig. 76 is a side view of the same.
Figs. 77, 78 and 79 are detailed views illustrating the means for automatically
stopping the inking frames, printing cylinders and damping frames when they
reach the limit of their movement.
Fig. 80 is an end view of a switch which is the form preferred for use in the
controlling engine.
Fig. 81 is a side view of the same mounted in its casing.
Fig. 82 is a side view of the switch shown in Fig. 80.
Fig. 83 is a plan view of the casing for holding the switches.
Fig. 84 is an end view of a magnetic clutch for use in the controlling engine,
with part of one side broken away to show the details.
Fig. 85 is a vertical cross section through the same.
Fig. 86 is a side view of a part of the same showing the meshing of the teeth.
Fig. 87 is a longitudinal vertical section through a four color press having a
divided drum, and shows the delivery and heating devices of the invention.
Fig. 88 is a similar section through a part of the drum and connections of the
press of Fig. 1 showing the delivery devices of the invention in greater detail.
Fig. 89 is a vertical section through the cams for operating the grippers of
the delivery devices, illustrating the action of the cams upon the grippers.
Fig. 90 is a horizontal section through the same.
Fig. 91 is a longitudinal vertical section through the heater or drier, and
Fig. 92 is a horizontal section through the same.
Fig. 93 is a top view, partly in section, of an electrolytic apparatus suitable for
applying the printing surface by electro-deposition.
Fig. 94 is a vertical sectional view of apparatus suitable for producing or ap-
plying the printing surface by casting.
Fig. 95 is a sectional view of a transfer press suitable for applying a series of
registering designs to a series of registering printing surfaces.
Fig. 96 is a diagrammatic representation in longitudinal section of a modifica-
tion of the printing press having a separate impression surface for each printing
surface.
Fig. 97 is a diagrammatic representation in section of one feature of the inven-

page_text: tion adapted for sheet printing, showing a series of curved but circumferentially
discontinuous printing surfaces and an impression drum having a series of dis-
continuous impression surfaces.
Figs. 98, 99, 100, 101 and 102 are detail views of the curved circumferentially
discontinuous printing surface.
Figs. 103 and 104 are diagrammatic representations in perspective view and in
section of a composite printing tube developed into a relief printing surface.
Referring to the multicolor planographic or lithographic printing press shown
in the drawings, Figs. 1 to 92 inclusive (excepting Fig. 87), 1 is the frame of
the machine. 2 is the prime motor shaft, which may be driven by any suitable
form of motor. 3 is a central impression drum, which has a uniformly elastic sur-
face, preferably of rubber, vulcanized in place on the outer surface of an iron
drum, harder rubber in contact with the iron and softer rubber as the outer sur-
face, carefully turned and ground to exactly uniform trueness of surface and of
resistance. This drum is mounted upon shaft 140 and is driven from prime
motor shaft 2 through intermediate shafts and gear wheels 460 and two internal
racks 461 within the drum. 4 is the paper, which is fed to the press and printed
on the web, and is cut as delivered from the press. 5 are the printing surfaces,
which are arranged circumferentially about the drum on the impression face
of the drum, are fifteen in number, and, when in printing contact with the drum,
print continuously upon the paper web as it passes under them, the entire series
printing successively upon a given part of the paper as it passes in succession under
them. Each printing surface 5 is curved and circumferentially continuous, and,
as shown in the drawings, is cylindrical. Each printing surface 5 has operatively
connected with it a separate inking mechanism 6, and a separate dampening
mechanism 7. Each inking mechanism consists of a suitable local ink fountain
near the printing surface and a group of intervening ink conveying and distribut-
ing rollers, including an ink fountain roller, a ductor roller, a main ink-distribut-
ing cylinder, intermediate ink distributing rollers, and finally four form inking
rollers. The inking mechanism for each printing surface is carried on a swinging
frame centered with the main ink-distributing cylinder of that inking mechanism
and swung in and out as hereinafter described. Each dampening mechanism con-
sists of a local water fountain near its printing surface (shown in the drawings as
a porous felt-covered roller internally supplied with water, although the common
open water troughs or fountains might be used), two form dampening rollers, and
an intervening brass rider. This dampening mechanism is carried upon a swing-
ing frame which is centered with the main ink distributing cylinder of the next ad-
jacent inking mechanism. This swinging dampening frame is swung in toward
or out from its printing surface as hereinafter described. The inking mechanism
for each printing surface is arranged on the outer side of the printing surface, that
is to say, on the side away from the impression drum, and the dampening
mechanism is arranged in the space or interval between one printing surface and
the next.
THE PRINTING SURFACES.
The printing surfaces are shown in detail in Figs. 39 to 46. The printing
surface 5 is a thin inflexible hollow tube. For the purposes of one branch of the
invention this printing tube is composite, consisting of an inner strengthening
base 8 and an outer thin film or coating of suitable lithographic material, and
preferably electro-deposited zinc. as more fully described hereafter. Convenient
dimensions for this printing tube would be 42 inches in length, 29 inches in
outside circumference, and of an inch thick. including both strengthening
base and exterior film or layer, the thickness of the latter being for lithographic
printing purposes about one or two one-thousandths of an inch. 9 is an interior
form support, hollow and cylindrical, and having its ends hubs 10. 11 is the
shaft on which the hubs 10 are keyed. The form support 9 has preferably a
central strengthening hub, as shown in Fig. 40. The form support 9 is made

page_text: accurately tapering externally from end to end. The strengthening base of the
printing tube is preferably made of copper and is made accurately and correspond-
ingly tapering internally from end to end and so that when it reaches its seat on
the interior form support 9 it will be accurately and positively seated upon and
supported by that form support at every part of its length and circumference. The
form support is of relatively substantial thickness, so as to give practical rigidity
to the tubular printing form during the transferring and printing operations and
in spite of the great pressures involved. The form support 9 has exterior longi-
tudinal grooves or slits, and the printing tube has interior and corresponding
splines which fit in the grooves. The printing tube is seated against a shouldered
collar 12, the position of which is adjustable longitudinally of the form support by
screwing it forward or backward on the screw thread on which it is carried and on
which it may be suitably made fast or locked. In this way the longitudinal
position of the printing tube on the form support is positively but adjustably
determined. The tube is forced firmly against this adjustable shoulder and held
in place against it by means of the clamps 13. By turning the screw threaded
bolt 14, which carries a sliding nut and finger as shown at 410 in Fig. 40, the
tube may be started from the form support, the lamps 13 having been first loosened
The form support 9 may be adjusted circumferentially on the hubs 10 by loosen-
ing the fastening bolts 467 (see Figs. 41 and 42) and turning the screw threaded
bolt 15 which acts between lugs 468 of the form support upon a lug 469 of one
hub, the fastening bolts sliding in slots, after which the fastening bolts are
tightened up again. By the constructions described the printing tube is adjust-
able longitudinally of the shaft and also circumferentially of the shaft, and has
releasable means for holding it positively in adjusted relation to the shaft; and
the printing tube is removable from the interior form support and the latter is
removable from the shaft.
The ends of the shaft are carried in sliding boxes 16, which slide in radial
slideways in the frame of the machine, in order to attain the proper printing
pressure between the printing surfaces and the impression surface and to move the
printing surfaces out of contact with the impression surface when desired. The
slideways are open at their outer ends, so that the sliding boxes may be moved
entirely out of the slideways, as when it is desired to lift a printing tube out of the
machine, as hereafter described. The sliding boxes 16 are carried by radial press-
are bars 17. Adjusting nuts 18 permit the adjusting of the sliding boxes radially
on the pressure bars. Clamping nuts 19 secure the sliding boxes to the pressure
bars in the adjusted position. The clamping nuts 19 are unscrewed when it is
desired to take the printing tube out of the press. A series of pressure bars 17
move in radial slideways in the frame of the machine and are pivoted at their
inner ends to the inner ends of a pair of toggle levers 20. Each pair of toggle
levers is pivoted at the outer end to the frame and the center pin or pivot con-
necting its two links together is extended laterally into a radial slot in a common
central revoluble shifting device 470 having a lever arm 21 bolted to it, the shift-
ing device being centered with the main drum of the machine and operated by
the revolution of the shaft 22 acting upon a segmental gear on the end of the long
depending lever arm 21. The shifting of this lever arm in one direction or the
other rotates the center pivots of all the toggle levers in one direction or the other,
moving all of the pressure bars, and so all of the printing surfaces, radially inward
or outward. The motion of the shaft 22 is independent of the printing operations
of the drum, although, as hereinafter explained, that motion of the shaft 22 is,
through the controlling engine, obtained from the prime motor shaft of the
machine. By the mechanism thus far described each printing surface may be
separately adjusted on the pressure bars that carry it and so the printing pressure
adjusted, and the entire series of printing surfaces may be simultaneously moved
out from the impression surface and so out of printing contact and may be
simultaneously moved in toward the impression surface and so into printing
contact and proper printing pressure.

page_text: The shaft that carries the printing surface also carries, keyed upon it, the gear
wheel 23, which gear wheel meshes with an external gear rack 24 on the drum.
In this way the printing surface is driven positively with the drum and at the same
surface speed. The teeth of these respective gears are long enough to remain' in
mesh when the printing surface is raised from the impression surface by the
shifting lever 21 and sufficiently to drive the printing surfaces for the purposes
of dampening and inking them when they are in such raised positions.
INKING MECHANISMS.
The inking mechanism for each printing surface is carried upon a swinging
frame 25, consisting of two castings, one at each side of the machine,, keyed to
and carried on and centered with the shaft 37 supporting the main ink distributing
roller (see Fig. 7 where the keying is indicated at 471), the two castings being
tied together by a tie rod 26 on which one of the form-inking rollers is mounted
and by the cam shaft 45, and having a segmental gear 27. The segmental gear 27
is engaged by a worm 28 on radial worm shaft 29. The series of radial worm
shafts 29 are driven by a central beveled gear wheel 30, centered with the shaft
of the drum, which gear wheel is itself driven by the worm shaft 31, which through
connecting gears and shaft 472 is driven by the shaft 32. By driving the shaft 32
in one direction or the other all of the swinging ink frames are simultaneously
swung either in or out, that is to say, toward or from the printing surface. This
operation is independent of the printing operation of the drum, but, through the
controlling engine as hereinafter described, the shaft 32 may be operated from
the prime motor shaft of the press. The shaft 29 turns freely in the worm 28
but is ordinarily locked to the worm through and by means of the square dog 33,
the dog being seated in and sliding in a square recess in the cap 473 (which cap
is adjustably secured to the worm 28 by the set screws 474) and being adapted
to enter and slide in a corresponding square recess in the top of the shaft 29
as shown in Fig. 17. The worm may be unlocked from the worm shaft by turning
the threaded bolt 34 and so raising the dog 33 out of the recess in the shaft 28.
When it is desired to swing any one of the inking frames independently of the
others, (as shown in Fig. 14) the dog 33 is raised, unlocking cap 473 from
shaft 28, when by turning the short shaft 35, as by means of a suitable hand
crank, the worm 28 will through bevel gears 474 and cap 473 be operated and the
inking frame raised or lowered, and this without turning the worm shaft.29.or
moving any other of the inking frames of the press, as clearly indicated in Fig. 17.
Moreover the construction there shown permits the adjustment of the worm 28
with respect to the worm shaft 29 when locked together by suitably turning 35
before lowering the locking dog 33, and, for finer adjustments, by set screws 474.
In this way the position of each swinging inking frame may be adjusted with re-
spect to the common swinging mechanism for all the inking frames and the press-
ure of the form inking rollers on the printing surface during the operation of
printing may be thereby adjusted. 462 is an adjustable stop for limiting if
desired the motion of the ink swinging frame in the direction toward the printing
surface (see Figs. 17, 23, 77 and 8).
The main inking-distributing cylinder 36 is secured to hubs 476 which are sup-
ported on and turn on a shaft 37 which shaft is carried in the main frame, of the
machine (see Fig. 7). One of the hubs 476 carries a gear wheel 477, which through
an intermediate gear wheel 478 is driven by the external gear track 38. on the
main drum of the machine. On the hub of the intermediate gear wheel 478 is an
eccentric 39, which by its reciprocation toward and from the drum rotates the
inking roller 40 by a step by step motion through connecting parts 479, as shown
in Fig. 7, including a rod reciprocating in slideways in the frame, and a link
adjustably pivoted to a pawl and ratchet motion for regulating the extent of
movement of the ink fountain roller for each reciprocation of the eccentric. The
connecting mechanism permits of the motion of the ink fountain roller with the
swinging frame. The swinging frame carries all of the inking devices excepting
only the main ink-distributing cylinder 36. The ductor roller 41 is carried in

page_text: bearings which slide in slideways in the swinging frame. It is reciprocated by a
pin working in a cam groove 42 on wheels on the hubs of the main ink-distributing..
cylinder. The ink distributing rollers are positively driven from the main ink-.
distributing cylinders by gear wheels 480 through gearing connections 481 shown:
in Fig. 24, with the exception of the four form inking rollers, which are driven
by friction. Two of the three metal riders which contact with the form inking
rollers are longitudinally reciprocated in their bearings (for the purpose of aiding
in the distribution of the ink) by the worm 43 on the shaft of the middle one of
the three metal riders, this worm driving a spur wheel 482 which has an eccentric
pin 483 which oscillates a lever 484 pivoted midway between the two outer brass
riders as shown in Figs. 15 and 16. The ends of the shafts of the form inking.
rollers, as shown in Fig. 26, are carried in sliding boxes which are adjustably,
secured in slideways in the ink swinging frames. These slideways are arranged
radially with respect to the printing surface and angularly with respect to one
another, so that the adjustment of each form-inking roller is directly toward or
from the printing surface. The ink distributing rollers intermediate between
the form inking rollers and the main ink distributing cylinder have the ends of
their shafts carried in sliding boxes which slide freely in radially arranged slide-
ways in the swinging frame (radially with respect to the printing surface) and
which also slide freely (within adjustable limits at one end) in vertical slideways
in a lifting plate 44. This lifting plate is lifted or lowered by turning the cam
shaft 45 a full half turn. The bottoms of the slideways in the lifting plate are
so arranged with respect to the bottoms of the sliding boxes that upon the lifting
of the lifting plate 44 the upper rollers will begin to move first and the lower
rollers will begin to move at a later moment, this with the angular arrangement
of the slideways resulting in the moving of all the rollers out of contact with one
another. This is desirable when the press is out of use, the raising of the swing-
ing frame 25 away from the printing surface and the lifting of the lifting
plate 44 resulting in supporting all of the rollers and the printing surface, so
that no
two are in contact. A link 485 pivoted to the lifting frame
furnishes the slideway for the roller which contacts with the main ink distributing
cylinder. Adjusting bars 486 limit the length of four of the slide ways in the
lifting plate on the side away from the printing surface and thereby the contact
pressure of the rollers in operation. These parts are fully shown in Figs. 26, 27
and 28. One form of roller that I have found convenient in practice is shown in
Fig. 21 and another form in Fig. 22, in both of which means are shown for con-
veniently dismounting the roller from its bearings in the machine whenever de-
sired. In Fig. 21 pressure upon the finger 487 compressing the spring 488 slips
the end of the shaft out of its bearings in the frame 25. In Fig. 22 the journal
portion 489 of the shaft is simply unscrewed from the rest of the shaft. Damping
rollers may be similarly mounted.
In connection with the series of inking mechanisms for the series of separate
printing surfaces, including an ink fountain 466 for each separate colored ink to
be printed by a printing surface and a series of groups of ink carrying and dis-
tributing rollers, there may be used, if desired, as is shown in Figs. 32, 33 and 34,
a series of distance ink reservoirs one for each ink fountain of the press, these
reservoirs being marked 46, and a series of systems of connecting ink ducts 47,
there being a system 47 connecting each reservoir 46 with its proper ink fountain
466 in the press. These ink reservoirs 4G are grouped together, but somewhere
apart from the press, so that the various colored inks may be mixed and prepared
and supplied to the various ink fountains of the press as required under the care
of one person and from a single place and without the evils attendant upon the
handling of so many different colored inks in close proximity to the press and
its working parts. The ink fountains in the press, the distant ink reservoirs
and the connecting ducts are air tight and are shown as adapted to be operated
by pressure from an air pressure reservoir 48 by a proper system of piping and

page_text: suitable valves, so that the pressure may be applied to any given ink reservoir
at will, or to two or more of them simultaneously. The pressure in the pressure
reservoir 48 is attained by the use of an air compressor 463, driven by an electric
motor 464. 465 is a safety valve which automatically stops and starts the
motor 464 if the pressure in the reservoir 448 rises above a certain point or falls
below a certain point. There are suitable automatic switch connections operated
by the safety valve to this end.
DAMPENING MECHANISMS.
The
There is a separate dampening mechanism 7 for each printing surface, each
dampening mechanism consisting of a water fountain, shown as a porous roller 49,
a brass rider 50 and two form-dampening rollers. These parts are all carried by
a swinging damping frame 51, which is carried on hubs that are centered with the
next adjacent main ink-distributing cylinder. These swinging damping frames
are swung toward and from the printing surface in the following manner.
shaft 52 driven through the controlling engine as hereinafter described, drives
through suitable intervening gears and shafts 490 an eccentric 53, carried in and
which rotatively oscillates the shifting device or wheel 54 which is centered with
the main drum and which has a series of pins 491 swinging the long arms 55 of
a series of rock shafts 492 to the short arms 493 of which the damping frames are
adjustably connected by adjustable links 56. The rotation of the shaft 52 in one
direction or the other accordingly swings the entire series of damping frames in
toward or out from their proper printing surfaces. This motion is independent
of the printing operation of the drum, but, in a manner hereinafter explained,
the prime motor shaft of the machine may be utilized through the controlling
engine to furnish the power to rotate the shaft 52. By means of the adjustable
links 56 connecting the short arm of the rock shaft with the damping frame the
pressure of the form dampening rollers upon the printing surface may be con-
trolled. The water roller 49 is carried in sliding boxes 494 which are adapted
to slide in slideways in the damping frame, whereby the water roller may be moved
intermittently into and out of contact with the brass rider, as in the case of the
ink ductor roller. One of the side walls 495 of this slide way is hinged and is
held in place by a spring catch 496. This facilitates removal of the water roller.
The reciprocation of the water roller is accomplished by the internal cam
groove 57 in one of the gear wheels on the hub of the main ink-distributing
cylinder, (see Fig. 19), this cam groove acting upon a pin in a forked arm 58,
the upper forked end of which grasps and slides on the hub 476 and the lower end
of which is pivoted to a forked lever arm 59 mounted and keyed at one end on
a shaft on the swinging frame and carrying at the other and forked end one end
of the shaft of the water roller or its sliding box. The arm 58 is adjustably
secured to the arm 59, being adjustably pivoted in a slot in the arm 59. By the
adjustment thus provided the pressure contact of the water supply roller with the
brass rider may be regulated. The brass rider and the form dampening rollers are
carried in sliding boxes, the positions of which may be separately adjusted in the
swinging frame. The brass rider and the water supply roller are positively
rotated by a chain of gearing 60 from the gear wheel 480 of the main ink-distribut-
ing cylinder, as shown in Fig. 24. The positive driving of the water supply
roller is accomplished in spite of its reciprocating motion by a suitable chain of
gear wheels carried on a chain of pivoted links 61, these at one side of the press,
as shown at the left in Fig. 14. the chain of gear wheels shown in Fig. 24 being
at the other side of the press. The water supply is introduced to the water roller
axially at a box 62, which in any proper way is kept from turning and the recipro-
cation of which with the water roller is provided for by a length of flexible piping
attached at 62. The dampening water or other fluid is supplied from a common
source and under regulatable pressure, as shown in Figs. 36, 37, 38.
Referring to those figures, 456 is a filter, 457 is a reversible pump having
proper connections and valves so as to operate in either direction upon the common

page_text: water pipe or device 458. The common water pipe 458 is connected through a
suitable valve and flexible piping with the water inlet 62 of each water supply
roller or fountain 49. The pipe delivers into the bottom of the water supply
roller, as shown in Fig. 38. 459 is a discharge pipe through which the pump
discharges when it is reversed and draws out the water from the water fountains.
TUBE HANDLING DEVICES.
These devices are illustrated in Figs. 47 to 61 inclusive. They consist of cir-
cular rails 67, concentric with the press, supported in any suitable way, as by
standard 68 secured to the ceiling or other support, a suitable frame or carriage 69,
adapted to run upon the rails, as for example by the toothed wheels 70 meshing
with rack 71 secured to the rails, hoisting arms 72 mounted upon the carriage
and means for moving the carriage along the rails and for raising and lowering
the hoisting arms. The hoisting arms are provided at their lower ends with suit-
able means for grasping the ends of the shafts of a printing cylinder, as shown
in Figs. 53 and 52. The hoisting arms are arranged so that they can be raised
or lowered.
By these means the permanent shaft 11 of a printing cylinder can be grasped
by the hoisting arms and be raised up sufficiently high to clear the other parts of
the press and be then carried by the carriage to any suitable position, for example,
opposite a receiving shaft 74, see Fig. 56, for receiving or discharging a printing.
tube, and the permanent shaft can then be returned to its proper position in the
press. In this way printing tubes can be easily placed in position in the press or
be removed therefrom.
The carriage is moved along the rails and the hoisting arms are moved up and
down preferably by means of a motor 75. The means for imparting motion to the
carriage from the motor consists of the following train of gearing: Gear wheel 76
on the shaft of the motor, gear wheel 77, a sleeve 78, both secured together and
loose on shaft 79, clutch 80 having one of its parts secured to sleeve 78 and the
other part splined to shaft 79 so as to rotate with it, bevel gear wheel 81 on shaft
79, meshing with bevel gear wheel 82 on shaft 83, worm 84 on the same shaft,
meshing with worm wheel 85 on one of the axles 86 of the carraige, axle 86, gear
wheels 70 which mesh with rack 71. When clutch 80, which is preferably an
electric clutch, is energized so that its two parts rotate together, the carriage is
moved along the rails in one direction or the other. The preferred system for
actuating the motor and the electric clutches will be described later on. By
reversing the direction of the rotation of the motor the carriage is moved one
way or the other as desired.
By reason of the fact that the said train of gearing or connecting mechanism
between motor and rails contains worm 84 and worm wheel 85, the carriage will
be locked in position upon the rails wherever it may be stopped.
The hoisting arms preferably used consist of two parts, movable upon each
other. One part 87, carrying the forks for grasping the shaft of the printing
cylinder, slides within grooves in the upper portion 88. The upper part slides in
grooves 90 formed in the carriage. The upper portion carries a right and left
handed screw 89 loosely mounted in the same. '91 is a bevel gear wheel upon
shaft 92, mounted in bearings 93 forming part of the frame work of the carriage.
94 is a gear wheel secured to shaft 92 by spline and feather so as to move up and
down thereon but to rotate therewith. 95 is a gear wheel upon the screw shaft 89.
Gear wheel 94 is secured by links 96, so as to move up and down with gear
wheel 95. These links 96 are loosely secured to shaft 92 but are rigidly secured
to the screw shaft 89. 97 is a half of a left hand nut forming a part of 87 and
acting against screw shaft 89. Bevel gears 91 (one on each side of the carriage)
are driven by motor 75 by the following connecting mechanism or train of gearing.
Gear wheels 76, 77, gear wheel 98 on sleeve 78, gear wheel 99 on short shaft 100,
gear wheel 101 on shaft 102 and bevel gears 103 on shaft 102 (one on each side
of the carriage) meshing with bevel gear wheels 91. In this connecting gearing

page_text: there is an electric clutch 104 on shaft 102 by means of which the connection
between the motor and bevel gears 91 can be made or be broken in the same
manner as above described in reference to clutch 80.. Right and left hand screw
shaft 89 can be rotated in either direction by reversing the direction of rotation
of the motor as above described.
By the means above described the carriage can be moved to any desired
position upon the rails, be locked in position thereon, and the hoisting arms be
Jowered and raised in order to remove any printing tube or its shaft or to place
them in position. The electric current may be conveyed to the motor and clutches
in any desired manner. As shown, a metallic strip 105 is placed upon each
circular rail, each metallic strip running the length of the rail and insulated
therefrom and connected electrically at one end with any suitable source of
electricity. A metallic shoe 106 is mounted upon cach side of the carriage, so
that it can slide upon the metallic strip upon the rail upon that side of the press.
Suitable electric connections are made between the metallic shoes and the motor
and clutches. If desired, means may be provided for removing the shoes from the
rails in order to break the circuit at those points.
The carriage is preferably operated by means of the controlling engine to be
presently described.
The receiving tube holder may be made of any desired form. Figs. 56 and 57
show a revoluble printing tube holder 107, having a standard 108 and a series of
receiving shafts 74, each of which is adapted to lock with and so as to continue the
permanent shaft of a press by means of sliding pin 109 in the end of each receiving
shaft. A motor 110 through a suitable train of gearing, consisting of gear 112 on
the shaft of the motor, gear 113, 114, 115 on shaft 116, 117 on the other end of the
shaft, gear 118, gear 119 and gear 120 mounted on the tube holder, 107, revolves
the tube holder. The entire standard and tube holder can also be moved toward
or away from the press upon stationary screw shaft 111 by a train of gearing con-
necting with the motor, consisting of gear 112, 113, gear 121, gear 122 mounted
on a cylindrical nut 123 encircling and embracing screw shaft 111. 124 is a
clutch for conneeting the motor with gear wheel 114 or 121 or disconnecting it
from both.
Figs. 58 to 61 inclusive show another form of receiving standard carrying a
plurality of receiving shafts for receiving printing tubes. Each receiving shaft is
mounted upon a swinging head 125 secured to the standard and adapted to swing
horizontally thereon. Four of these swinging heads are adapted to move verti-
cally. As shown, two of them are arranged upon a bracket 126, and each bracket
carries a nut 127 which encircles and meshes with a screw-threaded shaft 128
mounted and rotating in the standard. It is rotated from shaft 128a, con-
nected with and driven by the controlling engine of the press, through gear 129
and 130, the latter secured to screw shaft 128. When the screw shaft is rotated,
the brackets 126 are raised or lowered, depending upon the direction of rotation
of shaft 128. Where two or more brackets are used it is preferable to make the
pitch of the screw greater in the upper part of the screw shaft than in the lower,
so that the brackets will all reach the ground or reach their highest position at
substantially the same time. By these means the receiving shafts may be caused
to register with the permanent shafts of the printing cylinders, and printing
tubes or form cylinders may readily and simultaneously be removed from or placed
upon the permanent shafts of the printing cylinders."
BACK PRINTING ATTACHMENT.
Fig. 62 shows an attachment for printing lithographically upon one side of
a continuous web and also printing upon the reverse side of the web. In this
case the paper web 4 passes from the roll between a printing cylinder 131 and its
impression cylinder 132, where printing matter is printed upon the reverse or
under side of the web, then it passes around a series of regulating rollers 133
for causing the web to advance evenly and smoothly and to be taut when it reaches

page_text: drum 3. It then receives a lithographic impression upon the opposite side of
the web from that upon which the printing matter was impressed from printing
cylinder 131. Between the paper web and the drum passes an offsetting web 134.
This offsetting web is unwound from a reel 135 mounted on a swinging frame 136,
and after passing around the drum is wound upon a reel 137 by any suitable
mechanism. When reel 137 becomes full and reel 135 empty. swinging frame 136
is swung around, so as to bring the full reel into proper position again. Printing
cylinder 131 is supplied with ink in any suitable manner from inking rollers 138
and these rollers are supplied with ink by any suitable mechanism. By the above
described means it is possible to print lithographically upon the face of a con-
tinuous web.and.to print any suitable matter upon the back of the web.
CONTROLLING ENGINE.
The controlling engine and its connections and the electrical systems connected
therewith are illustrated in Figs. 69 to 86 inclusive. The controlling engine is
connected on one side with the main driving mechanism of the press and on the
other side with the mechanism for moving the printing cylinders or surfaces, the
inking frames and the damping frames into and out of operative position, and
is also connected with the tube handling mechanism for controlling the operations
thereof. The mechanism by which the controlling engine controls the operation
of the printing surfaces and the inking and damping frames will first be described.
The object of connecting the controlling engine with the printing surfaces and
inking and damping frames is to control the movements of those parts into and
out of operative position. For example, in Fig. 29 the printing cylinders 5, 5,
inking frames 25, 25, and rollers, damning frames 51, 51 and rollers are all shown
in operative position, or in other words the printing cylinders in contact with the
impression drum 3, the inking rollers in contact with the printing cylinders, and
the damping rollers in contact with the printing cylinders. In Fig. 30 and 31
all of these parts are shown out of operative position, namely, the printing
cylinders away from the impression drum and the inking and damping rollers
away from the printing cylinder. It is the purpose of the controlling engine to
control these movements of the printing cylinder, inking frames and damping
frames, so that the respective parts will move into and out of operative position
at the proper time.
The controlling engine is provided with a main shaft 139. This shaft is driven
by the driving mechanism of the press and is adapted to rotate in either direction
by means of the following mechanism. Shaft 2, forming part of the driving
mechanism of the press, through a bevel gear at its end drives shaft 141, as
shown in Fig. 69. 142 is an auxiliary shaft on the controlling engine. It and
shaft 139 and their connections, may be embodied in one shaft. It is preferred,
however, as shown in Fig. 69, to use two separate shafts. Upon shaft 142 are
loosely mounted two clutch gears 143. These gear wheels mesh with the lower
bevel gear on shaft 141 and each is rigidly connected to a spur gear 144, loosely
mounted on shaft 142, the latter meshing with spur gears 145 loose on shaft 139.
146. 146 are two electric clutches constructed in the usual manner for connecting
shaft 139 with one or the other of spur gears 145 or for disconnecting them.
When one of these clutches is energized, in a manner presently to be described.
shaft 139 is rotated in one direction, but when the other clutch is energized
shaft 139 is. rotated in the opposite direction, and when both clutches are de-
energized, shaft 139 remains at rest.
Between shaft 139 and each part of the press to be moved, to wit, the printing
cylinders, inking frames or damping frames, are arranged connecting mechanism,
and a gear wheel arranged and adapted to connect or disconnect the shaft with
the connecting mechanism in order to move the corresponding part of the press
one way or the other.
The gear wheel and connecting mechanism for moving the inking frames con-
sist of the following. Loose upon shaft 139 is a gear 147 meshing with gear 148

page_text: loose upon shaft 142, and secured to the latter gear is bevel gear 149, also loose
on shaft 142. 150 is an electric clutch similar to clutch 146 for connecting or
disconnecting gear 147 with shaft 139. When the clutch is energized, bevel gear
wheel 149 is rotated in one direction or the other, dependent upon the direction
of rotation of shaft 139. Bevel gear 149 meshes with the bevel gear at the lower
end of shaft 32. This shaft moves the inking frames into or out of operative
position as already described.
The connecting mechanism and gear wheel connecting the controlling engine
with the damping frames consists of the following, viz:-Gear 151 loose upon
shaft 139 and meshing with gear 152 loose upon shaft 142, and bevel gear 153
loose upon the same shaft and rigidly connected to gear 152, electric clutch 154
for connecting gear 151 with shaft 139 or for disconnecting them, bevel gear 155
on shaft 156, bevel gear 157 on the same shaft, meshing with bevel gear 158. on
shaft 159, worm 160 on the same shaft meshing with worm wheel 161 on the lower
part of shaft 52. This shaft 52 moves the inking frames in and out, as has been
heretofore described.
The connecting mechanism and gear wheels connecting the controlling engine
with the mechanism for moving the printing cylinders consists of the following.
Gear 162 loose on shaft 139 meshing with gear 163 loose on shaft 142, electric
clutch 164 for connecting gear 162 with shaft 139 or for disconnecting them,
gear 165 on shaft 166, worm 167 on the same shaft, meshing with worm wheel 168
on shaft 169, and gear wheel 170 on the same shaft, meshing with the gear on
sector 21. This sector 21 moves the printing cylinders against or away from the
impression drum, as has been heretofore described.
The means which are preferably employed for operating the clutches 146, 146,
150, 154, 164 will now be described. Connected with each of the clutches is
arranged a circuit, normally open, which for brevity will be designated as the
clutch circuits. Each circuit contains a circuit controller, normally open. For
each circuit controller is provided an electro-magnet in another circuit, called
the operating circuit. This operating circuit contains a circuit controller, which
is preferably under the direct control of the operator When the operator closes
this circuit controller in the operating circuit the magnet in that circuit is
energized and this closes the circuit controller in the clutch circuit, thus ener-
gizing the clutch. As the circuit controller in the operating circuit is preferably
closed but momentarily, it is preferable to arrange a catch for seizing and holding
the circuit controller of the clutch circuit in its closed position. The means
preferably employed for releasing the catch to permit the circuit controller of
the clutch circuit to open consists of a circuit, which for convenience called the
releasing circuit, containing an electro-magnet to withdraw the catch, and a
circuit controller. This circuit controller is placed preferably under the control
of the operator, and it is also preferable to arrange means for automatically clos-
ing the releasing circuit through the releasing magnet when the part of the press
which is being moved, as for example the inking frames, reaches the limit of its
movement. to insure against breakage of the parts. Fig. 73 shows a diagram-
matic sketch illustrating the various circuits referred to above and their mode of
operation. Figs. 71 and 72 show a hand wheel with suitable contact points, by
means of which the operator can close and open the various circuit controllers in
the operating circuits in regular and orderly sequence.
Referring now to the diagram of Figs. 73. 171 is the circuit controller of the
clutch circuit through one of the electric clutches 146 and 172 is the circuit
controller of the clutch circuit through the other clutch 146. 173. 174 and 175
are the circuit controllers respectively of the clutch circuits through clutches 164
to operate the printing evlinders, clutch 154 to operate the damning frames. and
clutch 150 to swing the inking frames. 176 is the electric-magnet of the operat-
in circuit controlling circuit controller 171. and 177 is the magnet of the
onerating circuit controlling circuit controller 172. Similarly 178 179 and 180 are
the magnets of the operating circuits controlling respectively circuit controllers 173,

page_text: 174 and 175 The circuit controllers of the operating circuit, which are under
the control of the operator, consist of a hand wheel 181, adapted to be rotated by
the operator, carrying a metallic insulated ring 182 encircling the shaft of the
hand wheel and having two metallic fingers, one of them, finger 183, adapted as
the wheel is rotated to make contact with the various studs or metallic contact
points 184 to 192 inclusive, and the other finger, 193, bearing always upon a
metallic insulated ring 194 connected by wire 195 to main line wire 196, switch 197
and thence to the negative pole of the battery or other source of electrical energy.
By turning the hand wheel the operator makes and breaks the various operating
circuits.
198, 199, 200, 201 and 202 are the catches for the respective circuit controllers
of the clutch circuits. 203 to 207 are the releasing magnets in the releasing
circuits for withdrawing the various catches to permit the circuit controllers of
the clutch circuits to open.
The mode of operation of the various circuits will now be described by describ-
ing the effect of the turning of hand wheel 181 from stud to stud. Normally
the hand wheel is in such a position that finger 183 rests upon stud 192, in which
position all of the operating, clutch and releasing circuits are open, as are also
the circuit controllers of the clutch circuits. The operator then moves the hand
wheel to bring finger 183 upon stud 184. This closes the operating circuit through
magnet 176. This circuit consists of the following: Ring 182, finger 183, stud 184
wire 208, magnet 176, wires 209, 210, main line wire 211, switch 197, to positive
pole of battery, main line wire 196, wire 195, ring 194, finger 193 to ring 182.
This closes circuit controller 171, closing the clutch circuit through the right
hand clutch 146, as viewed in Fig. 73, thus causing shaft 139 of the controlling
engine to rotate in one direction. The clutch circuit consists of the following:-
Clutch 146, wire 212, one set of contact points 213 and bridge 214 of circuit
controller 171, wire 215, to main line wire 196, switch 197, main line wire 211,
wire 210, the other set of contact points 216 and bridge 217 of circuit con-
troller 171, wire 218 to clutch 146. Upon the closing of circuit controller 171,
catch 198 drops behind it and holds it in its closed position until released as here-
inafter explained. Shaft 139 is now rotating in one direction.
The operator then moves finger 183 till it comes into contact with stud 185,
closing operating circuit through magnet 178, thus closing circuit controller 173
and energizing clutch 164. This begins to move the printing cylinders toward
the impression drum. The operating circuit is as follows:-Ring 182, finger 183,
stud 185, wire 219, 220, magnet 178. wire 221, main line wire 211. switch and
thence back through main line wire 196, wire 195 to ring 182. The clutch circuit
through clutch 164. thus closed consists of the following:-Wire 222, the upper
set of contact points and bridge of circuit controller 173, main line wire 196
to switch, main line wire 211, the lower set of contact points and bridge of circuit
controller 173, wire 233, to clutch. The operator then moves finger 183 to stud
186. This closes the operating circuit through magnet 179, closing circuit con-
troller 174, thus closing the circuit through clutch 154 and moving the damping
frames into operative position. These circuits are as follows:-The operating
circuit is:stud 186. wires 224. 225, magnet 179, wires 226, 227, 211, switch 197
and thence back to the stud. The clutch circuit through clutch 154 consists of
wire 228. the upper set of contact points and bridge of circuit controller 174.
wires 229, 196, switch 197, wires 211.-227 to the lower set of contact points and
bridge of circuit controller 174, wire 230, to clutch.
The operator then moves finger 183 to stud 187, closing the operating circuit
through magnet 180. closing circuit controller 175 and energizing clutch 150.
thus moving the inking frames into operative position. These circuits are as
follows: Stud 187, wires 231, 232. magnet 180. wires 233, 234, main line wire 111,
switch 197, thence back to stud 187. The clutch circuit through clutch 150
consists of wire 235, upper contact points and bridge of circuit controller 175,
wire 236, main line wire 196, switch 197, wires 211, 234, lower set of contact

page_text: points and bridge of circuit .controller 175, wire 237 to clutch When. the print-
ing cylinders and damping and inking frames have reached their operative
positions the operator then moves finger 183 to stud 188. This closes the circuit
through. releasing magnet 203, withdraws catch 198 and opens circuit con-
troller 171. This circuit is as follows: Stud 188, wire 500, magnet 203, wire 501,
lower set of contact points and bridge of circuit controller 171, wire. 210, main
line wire 211 and thence back to the stud. This disconnects the controlling
engine from the driving mechanism and stops the movements of the said parts
of the press. The parts are now all in their operative position. and the press is
ready to proceed with the printing. The movements of the printing cylinders,
damping frames and inking frames are preferably stopped automatically, when
they have reached the limit. of their movement, by means .which will now be
described.
When each of the parts reaches the limit of its movement, it causes contact
points to close a releasing circuit.through releasing magnets 205, 206 or 207
respectively, thus withdrawing catch.200 or. 201 or 202, to permit circuit controller
173 or 174 or 175 to open and resume its inoperative position. The mechanism
for this purpose for starting. the printing cylinder consists of the following. Upon
sector 21 are arranged two contact points 238 and 239, one at each side of the
sector. When the sector is in one. extreme position. contact point. 238 makes
contact with contact point 240 on the framework of the press, and when the
sector is in the other extreme position contact. point.239 makes contact with
contact point 241 on the framework of the press. Wires 242, 243 connect contact
points 241 and 240 with wire 244 which leads to one side of magnet 205. Con-
tact points 238 and 239 are connected by wires 245, 246,. 223 and lower set of
contact points and bridge of circuit controller 178 with main line wire 211. The
other side of the magnet 205 is connected. by wire 247 with the other main line
wire 196. Whenever the circuit controller. 173 is in its closed position and
sector 21 reaches the full limit of its movement in either direction, the circuit
through releasing magnet 205 is closed either, at points 238 and 240 or 239 and
241. Thus the catch 200 is automatically. released by the printing cylinders
when they reach the limit of their. movement. Inasmuch as one set of the
contact points of sector 21 are closed at the time the operator closes the circuit on
stud 185, releasing magnet 205 will be energized at the same time as magnet 178,
and thus catch 200' will be prevented from seizing and holding circuit controller 173.
In order to overcome this it is necessary for the operator to hold finger 183 upon
stud 185 for a sufficient length of time to allow the contact points 238 and. 240
to separate through the movement of. sector 21. Thereupon catch 200 at once
becomes operative.
A similar releasing circuit causes magnet 206 to be energized to release catch
201 when the damping frames reach the limit of their movement. This circuit is
closed by contact point 248, mounted upon the swinging damping frames, making
contact with contact points 249 or 250 upon the framework of the press at the
extreme limit of its movement in one direction or the other. This releasing
circuit is as follows:-Magnet 206, wire 251, metallic insulated conductor 252
on an arm of the swinging damping frame, spring contact point 248, contact
.points 249 or 250 and wires 253 or 254, wire 255, 230, lower set of contact points
and bridge of circuit controller 174. wire 227, main line wire 211, switch 197,
main line wire 196, wire 229, wire 256.
'
Similarly the releasing circuit through magnet 207, closed by the inking
frames at the limit of their movements, consist of the following:-Wire 257,
insulated conductor 258 on an arm connected with the inking frames of the press,
contact point 259 on the arm, contact point 260 or 261 on the frame work of the
press. wires 262 or 263 wires 264, 237, lower set of contact points and bridge of
circuit controller 175, wire 234, 211, switch 197, wires 196, 236, wire 265, to
magnet 207.
Returning now to the description of diagram shown in Fig. 73 and the suc

page_text: cessive operation of the parts of the controlling engine, when the operator desires
to stop the printing he moves the finger 183 to stud 189. This closes the circuit
through magnet 177, energizing the clutch circuit through the other clutch 146,
thus driving shaft 139 in a reverse direction. The operating circuit through
magnet 177 is as follows:-Stud 189, wire 502, magnet 177, wire 503, 504, main
line wire 211 and thence back to the stud. The clutch circuit of clutch 146 runs
through wires 505, upper set of contact points and bridge of circuit controller 172,
wire 506, main line wire 196, then back through main line wire 211, wire 504,.
lower set of contact points and bridge of circuit controller 172 and wire 507.
The operator then moves arm 183 to stud 190, again closing the circuit through
magnet 180, and clutch 150, thus removing the inking frames from their operative
position.
The operator next moves arm 183 to stud 190a, closing the circuit again
through magnet 179 and clutch 154 returning the damping frames to their normal
inoperative position. He next moves the arm to the stud 191, closing the circuit
through magnet 178 and clutch 164, moving the printing cylinders out of operative
position. He next moves handle 183 to stud 192, closing the releasing circuit
through magnet 204 and deenergizing clutch 146, thus stopping the rotation of
shaft 139. This releasing circuit runs from stud 192 through wire 508, magnet 204,
wire 509, lower contact points and bridge of circuit controller 172, wire 504, to
main line wire 211 and back to the stud. The controlling engine is now at rest
and the parts are in their inoperative position.
For
Fig. 74 illustrates diagrammatically the circuits and mechanisms by means of
which the controlling engine controls the movements of the movable carriage and
the hoisting arms mounted thereon for the purpose of handling printing tubes.
The motor 75 on the carriage and the clutches 80 and 104 for moving the carriage
and hoisting arms respectively are operated by the following means.
this purpose a circuit through the motor and a clutch circuit through each clutch
is employed. There is a circuit controller in each of the circuits, normally
open, each circuit controller being adapted to be closed by an electro-magnet
in an operating circuit, which operating circuit has a circuit controller by means
of which the operator closes the circuit to energize the magnet. Each circuit
controller in the motor and clutch circuits has a catch to hold it in its closed.
position and each catch has a magnet in a releasing circuit adapted to be closed
by the operator, as will be presently described.
266 is the circuit controller of the circuit through the motor, 267 the circuit
controller of the clutch circuit through clutch 80, and 268 the circuit controller of
the clutch circuit through clutch 104. 269 is the magnet in the operating circuit
for closing circuit controller 266, 270 the magnet in the operating circuit for
closing circuit controller 267, 271 the magnet in a similar circuit for closing circuit
controller 268. 272 is the push button or circuit controller by means of which
the operator closes the operating circuit through magnet 269, 273 the push button
by means of which he closes operating circuit through magnet 270, ana 274 the
push button for closing the operating circuit through magnet 271. 275 is the
catch for circuit controller 266; 276 the catch for circuit controller 267 and
277 is the catch for circuit controller 268; while magnets 278, 279 and 280 are
the releasing magnets in the releasing circuit for releasing catches 275, 276 and
277 respectively. The releasing circuit through these magnets closed by the
operator pushing upon any one of push buttons 281, 282 and 283.
By pushing in push button 272, motor 75 is started; by pushing in push
button 273 the carriage is moved, and by pushing in push button 274 the hoisting
arms are lowered or raised. The direction of rotation of the motor and conse-
quently the direction of movement of the carriage or the direction of movement
of the hoisting arms is changed by means of an ordinary reversing switch 284.
The various circuits will now be traced. 285 is a switch of any ordinary con-
struction for connecting or disconnecting with any suitable source of electrical
supply. 286 and 287 are wires which connect the switch with suitable metallic

page_text: strips 288, 289, suitably secured in any manner to rails 67 of the press. Strip 288
is connected by wire 290 with one of the binding posts of reversing switch 284,
and strip 289 is connected by wire 291 to the opposite binding post of the same
reversing switch.
The operating circuit for closing circuit controller 266 to drive the motor is as
follows. Starting from push button 272, through wires 292, 293, to one side of
reversing switch 284, wire 294 on the other side of the reversing switch, wires 295,
296, magnet 269, wire 297, back to push button 272. This energizes magnet 269
and closes circuit controller 266, which is held in closed position by catch 275.
This closes the circuit through the motor 75, which is as follows: From the motor
through wire 298, lower set of contact points and bridge of circuit controller 266,
wire 295, 294, to one side of the reversing switch, wire 293, middle set of contact
points and bridge of circuit controller 266, wire 299, back to motor.
Catch 275 is released to open circuit controller 266 and stop the motor by the
operator pressing button 281 or 282 or 283. By pressing button 281 the follow-
ing circuit is closed through the releasing magnets, namely, from one side of
push button 281, wires 300, 301, to mainline wire 291, from the other side of
the push button, wire 306, 305, magnet 278, wire 304, magnet 277, wire 303,
magnet 279, wire 302 to the other main line wire 290.
The operating circuit through magnet 270 to close the circuit controller 267 to
cause the carriage to move one way or the other is closed through push button 273
by the following circuit:-Push button 273, wire 307, to main line wire 291;
from the other side of push button 273 through wire 310, magnet 270, wire 309
and wire 308 to the other main line wire 290. The clutch circuit through
clutch 80 is as follows:-Clutch 80, wire 311, the upper set of contact points
and bridge of circuit controller 267, wire 312, to main line wire 291; from the
other side of clutch 80 through wire 313, lower set of contact points and bridge
of circuit controller 267, wire 308 to the other main line wire. The releasing
circuit through push button 282 is through wire 314, to wire 300, 301 and main
line wire 291, and from the other side of push button 282 through wires 315,
to wire 305 and thence through magnets 278, 280 and 279 to the other main line
wire as described in reference to the push button 28.1.
The operating circuit, closed by push button 274 to close circuit controller 268
and cause the hoisting arm to be lowered or raised is as follows: From push
button 274, wire 316, to main line wire 291, and from push button 274 on the other
side through wire 317, magnet 271, wire 318, 322 to the other main line wire 290.
The clutch circuit through clutch 104 consists of the following:-Wire 319, upper
set of contact points and bridge of circuit controller 268, wire 320, to main line
wire 291 and from the other side of the clutch through wire 321, and lower set
of contact points and bridge of circuit controller 268, wire 322, to main line
wire 290. The releasing circuit through push button 283 runs through wire 300,
301 to main line wire 291 and from the other side of push button 283 through
wires 323 to wire 305, and thence through the releasing magnets and to the other
main line wire. By the above means the carriage is enabled to be moved at will
along the rails in either direction and the hoisting arms lowered or raised at will
for the purpose of removing printing tubes from the press or of inserting them
therein.
Figs. 80 to 83 inclusive show views of the switch which it is preferable to use
in connection with the various circuits of the controlling engine described herein.
Fig. 80 is an end view and Fig. 82 a side view of the same, and Fig. 81 is a side
view of the switch mounted in a suitable switch case. The switch itself is of a
form well known in the market and does not need special description. I
have marked the various parts of the switch with the reference numbers used in
connection with the description heretofore given of the operating magnet 176,
circuit controller 171, catch 198, releasing magnet 203 illustrated in Fig. 73 as
involved in the operating clutch and releasing circuits connected with the right

page_text: hand clutch 146 shown in that figure. Fig. 83 simply shows a case 510 for hold-
ing the five switches and their connecting parts.
In order to insure the stopping of the carriage with certainty at any predeter-
mined point upon the rails, automatic means are provided for breaking the circuit
through the motor and through clutch 80. The improved devices for this pur-
pose consist of the following. At each point where the carriage is desired to stop
is placed a switch 324, adapted to be open or closed. The upper switch 324 of
Fig. 74 is shown open and the lower one closed. When it is desired to stop the
carriage at any point, the switch 324 at that point is closed. This closes a releas-
ing circuit through releasing magnets 278, 279 and 280, 'stopping the motor and
throwing the clutches out of operative connection. In order to do this each
switch 324 is connected on one side with one of the metallic strips, as for example
289, by a wire 325. The switch is also connected on the other side by wire 326
with a contact point 327. The contact point 328, borne upon the carriage, is
adapted to make contact with the various contact points 327 along the rails as
the carriage moves. Whenever contact point 328 on the carriage makes contact
with the contact point 327, the switch of which 324 is closed, the following circuit
through the releasing magnets is closed, viz. switch 285, wire 287, metallic
strip 289, wire 325. switch 324, wire 326. contact points 327 and 328, wire 329,
305, magnet 278, wire 304, magnet 280, wire 303, magnet 279, wire 302, to main
line wire 290, strip 288. wire 286, back to switch.
In this way the releasing magnets are automatically energized when the carriage
reaches the desired stonning point on the rails thus insuring the immediate and
automatic stoppage of the carriage at that point.
In order to insure the stoppage of the upward movement of the hoisting arms
at the proper point, a contact point 330 is provided on one of the hoisting arms, so
arranged that when the arms have arrived at substantially their highest position
it will make contact with another contact point 331 on the frame of the carriage.
and also close a similar circuit through the releasing magnets. to throw out
clutch 104 and stop the upward movement of the hoisting arms. In this circuit
is preferably placed a switch 332, which can be opened or closed by hand as
desired. If it is desired to have an automatic stoppage of the hoisting arms when
they reach their highest point, the switch is closed, otherwise it is left open. The
circuit through the releasing magnets when contact points 330 and 331 are in
contact is as follows: Switch 285, wire 287 strip 289. wire 291, wire 333, contact
points 330, and 331 wire 334, switch 332. wire 335. wire 329, 305. releasing mag-
net 278, wire 304. magnet 280, wire 303, magnet 279, wire 302. to main line
wire 290. strip 288, wire 286 back to the other side of the switch.
Fig. 70 illustrates in a general way the electrical connection between the switch
board 510. hand wheel 181 and the controlling engine and the automatic devices
connected with the press for actuating the controlling engine automatically. Thus
511 represents a conduit containing the various wires between the controlling
engine and the automatic parts of the press and the switch board. 512 represents
the conduit containing the wires connecting with the hand wheel 181, 513 the con-
duit containing the wires leading to the controlling engine and 514 the conduit
containing the wires leading to the automatic devices in the press.
Any form of magnetic clutch may be employed, but Fig. 84 to 86 show a pre-
ferred form of clutch. This clutch consists of the part 515 keyed by key 516 to
shaft 517 and a part 518 loose upon the shaft. The parts 515 and 518 have
adjacent faces which are provided with teeth 519 and 520, the sides of which run
at an angle of substantially 45 degrees to the plane of the face of each part of the
clutch. These teeth are adapted to interlock when the two parts of the clutch are
drawn together, thus providing a grip which is substantially firm for all practical
purposes but is yielding and elastic enough to permit the separation of the parts
under sudden strains, thereby avoiding breakage of the parts.
In reversing the motor of the carriage the current through the armature is
reversed as above described in reference to Fig. 74. The current through the

page_text: CI 15 1100
side the fields are connected by wire 521 with main line wire 291; on the other
side the fields are, connected by wire 522 with an upper additional set of contact
points and bridge of circuit controller 266 and then by wire 523 to the other main
line wire 290. In this manner the circuit through the fields is broken when
circuit controller 266 is opened and closed when the latter is closed, but this
circuit is never affected by the operation of switch 284.
BRONZING & DUSTING MECHANISM.
r
The bronzing and dusting attachment is shown in Figs. 63-68, applied to the
press in place of three of the printing surfaces. 336 is a sizing cylinder for
applying the size to the paper, which makes the bronze- powder adhere thereto.
337 is a fountain containing the size. Any means may be employed for feeding
the size from the fountain to the cylinder 336. For example, intermediate
rollers such as are shown in Fig. 64. 338 are dampening rollers supplied with
water in any suitable way. The sizing and dampening rollers and fountain are
so arranged that they can be tilted away from the printing surface, so as to permit
the sizing cylinder to be moved out of contact with the impression drum. The
sizing cylinder is previously prepared by having the design which is to appear
upon the paper in bronze transferred to its surface. The sizing cylinder revolves
in bearings in the boxes 339, which are adjustably attached to the outer end of
two of the radial pressure bars 17. The sizing cylinder has on its ends gears
which mesh with the gear 24 on the impression drum, so that when the sizing
cylinder is in contact with the impression drum it is positively driven therewith.
The design is so applied to the sizing cylinder before it is inserted in the press
that when a certain marked tooth of the gear at the end of that cylinder is inserted
into a marked. recess in the gear of the impression drum, the design of the sizing
cylinder will be printed in exact register with the designs printed from the form
cylinders...
340 is a bronzing attachment adapted to be applied to the impression drum
and to supply the bronze and distribute it upon the paper. The bronze may be
applied to the paper by means of a series of nozzles 341,. extending across the
machine so as to be as wide as the paper, and connected by a pipe with a blower
342, or by means of a wire brush 343, shown in Fig. 65. 344 is a reservoir for
the bronze powder. The powder escapes through an opening at the lower end of
the reservoir and falls against the air jets or wire brush and is thrown against
the paper. The reservoir is pivoted at its upper end and is vibrated by the
joggers 345 on the shaft 346, which is driven from the gear on the drum. by
means of intermediate gears and shafts, shown in Fig. 67. 347 are rubbing in
belts provided with a surface of fur or similar material. Each belt is mounted
upon two rollers 348, which revolve in either direction and thereby drive the belt
either in the same direction with the surface of the impression drum or in the
opposite direction. These rollers and belts are given an oscillating crank move
ment over the surface of the paper. The shafts 349 of the rollers project through
slots in side. walls of the box enclosing the bronzing apparatus and revolve in
bearings in the cross heads 350, see Fig. 68. This cross head is pivoted on the
connecting rod 351, which is itself pivoted on the crank pin 352 carried by the
disc 353. The shaft 354 carrying the disc is driven from the gear of the im-
pression drum by intermediate gears and shafts, shown in Fig. 67. Each pair
of rollers 348 has a cross head, connecting rod, crank pin, and disc at both ends,
constructed as described. The discs on the right side of the machine are revolved
by means of the shaft 355, extending across the machine and provided with gears
at its ends, meshing with other gears, as shown in Figs. 67 and 68. The slots
in the walls of the compartment through which the shafts 349. extend are curved
concentrically with the axis of the drum. As the rollers are given their oscillat-
ing crank movement they are guided by these slots, so that they are always at the
same distance from the surface of the impression cylinder. The lower

page_text: roller of each pair is revolved by means of a gear 356, which meshes with the
gear 357 on the shaft 358. This shaft is carried by the rocking frame 359, which
is pivoted at its upper end on the shaft of the lower roller 348. The shaft 358
has a gear 360 at its outer end, adapted to mesh with the gear on the impression
drum. The shaft 358 is always kept at a proper distance from the drum by being
made to slide in a slot in the bracket 361 supported from the wall of the bronzing
attachment.
The rubbing in belts are thereby given two motions, first, that produced by the
revolution of the rollers, and secondly, the oscillating crank motion, and thereby
rub in the bronze very thoroughly, so that a perfect coating of bronze is applied
to those parts of the paper to which the sizing was previously applied.
362 is a closed compartment covering the different parts of the bronzing
attachment. At the lower end of the compartment there is a drawer to catch the
bronze that falls to the bottom of the compartment. This bronze can be taken
out from time to time and returned to the reservoir. The bronzing attachment
is provided at both ends with projecting arms 363, which carry at their outer ends
the sliding plates 364. These plates slide back and forth in ways in the frame of
the machine and are adjustably connected with the outer ends of two of the radial
pressure arms in the same manner as the boxes of the sizing cylinder and printing
cylinders. The bronzing attachment can be very easily removed from the press
and applied thereto and can be very accurately and easily adjusted so as to, be in
proper contact with the impression drum. When the sizing cylinder and the
printing surfaces are moved out of contact with the drum the bronzing devices are
also moved away from the drum at the same time.
365 is a dusting attachment provided with two compartments 366 and 367.
The first compartment is provided with two dusting rollers 368, made in any suit-
able manner.
These rollers are revolved rapidly in a direction opposite to that
of the paper. The shaft of the upper roller has a gear wheel at its end, which is
driven from the gear of the impression cylinder by an intervening gear, Fig. 67.
The lower roller is driven from the upper one by means of sprocket wheels and a
linked belt as shown. The compartment 366 is connected by piping with an
exhauster 369. As the dust is removed from the surface of the paper it is drawn
out from this compartment by means of the exhauster. Dust is prevented from
being thrown from one roller to the other by a partition between the rollers.
The compartment 367 contains a roller 370 provided with surface of felt or similar
substance adapted to take up or remove from the paper all the loose particles of
bronze not previously removed by the dusting rollers. This roller turn freely
in its bearings, so that it will revolve with the impression drum. 371 is a rotary
brush adapted to bear against the surface of the felt roller. The brush is re-
volved so that where it comes in contact with the felt roller its surface is moving
in the opposite direction and thereby scrapes off all the bronze from the roller.
The shaft of this brush has a gear wheel at its outer end driven by intermediate
gears from the gear of the impression drum, as shown in Fig. 67. The compart-
ment 367, is also connected with the exhauster 369, so that the dust is drawn out
from this compartment also. The discharge pipe of the exhauster is connected
with the bottom of the separator 372, provided with over-lapping shelves, where
the dust is separated from the air, so that it can be used over again. Small rubber
rollers 373 are placed between the walls of the dusting attachment and the im-
pression drum to prevent dust from escaping at these points from the dusting
attachment.
The dusting attachment is provided at its ends with the sliding plates 374,
adapted to slide in ways in the frame of the machine, and adjustably attached to
the outer ends of two of the pressure arms.
The dusting device can be readily removed from or attached to the press and
its position on the radial arms accurately regulated. It is moved towards or away
from the drum when the sizing cylinder and printing surfaces are.

page_text: SLITTING, DELIVERING & HEATING DEVICES.
In Fig. 87 to 92, inclusive, devices are shown for slitting the web before it is
printed upon and also devices for cutting the web after the printing and delivering
the sheets and for heating and drying the same. These attachments are shown
in Fig. 87 as applied to a modified form of press, but in Figs. 88 to 92 they are
shown as applied to the press of the earlier drawings. On its way from the roll
to the impression drum the web passes between and is trimmed by slitters 375,
these slitters consisting of two pairs of circular knives, one pair on each side of
the press. The pairs are arranged at the proper distance apart, to wit, the re-
quired width of the web, and they trim or cut off the excess in width, thus
causing the web to be of the proper width and in proper alignment with the
drum. After the web has passed around the impression drum it is seized upon
both sides by grippers 376, carried by an endless sprocket chain 377, one on each
side of the press. This endless sprocket chain runs over rollers 378, the sprocket
wheel 379 mounted upon shaft 380 and over roller 381. The chain also meshes
with a sprocket wheel 382 mounted loosely upon shaft 383. This chain is driven
by sprocket wheel 379 through shaft 380 from any suitable driving mechanism
and at the same rate as the web is driven. The grippers 376 are arranged in
sets of four, two on each side of the press. The two forward ones of the set, one
at each side, seize the rear of a sheet and the succeeding two the front of the next :
sheet. Each sheet is thus held at its four corners by the grippers. 384, 384 are
revolving knives, one mounted on the shaft 380 and the other upon shaft 385.
They are arranged so as to cut the web into sheets. I preferably make these
knives adjustable upon the shafts. Shaft 385 is driven by a gear wheel mounted
on it, meshing with a gear wheel mounted on shaft 380 in the usual manner.
386 is a cam for opening the grippers to enable them to receive and take hold of
the web as it leaves the impression drum. 387 is a cam for opening the grippers
at the rear of a sheet to cause them to release their hold upon the sheet, and 388
is a cam for releasing the grippers holding the forward part of a sheet. These
grippers may be made of any suitable form or construction and may be operated
in any suitable manner.
In Figs. 89 and 90 I show the preferred form of grippers and cams for operat-
ing them. The gripper consists of a fixed part 389, inside of which is mounted a
movable part having a shank 390, and secured to it an arm 391 at the top and an
arm 392 at the bottom. The shank and arms can swing horizontally and can be:
pushed down through part 389 against the action of spring 393. The parts 389
and 392 form the jaws of the gripper. They are normally held together by
spring 393, as shown in the left hand gripper, Fig. 89. 394 is the cam forcing
jaw 392 away from jaw 389. This is accomplished by roller 395 striking against
the under side of cam 394 and pressing down shaft 390 and jaw 392, as shown
in the middle gripper in Fig. 89. 396 is a cam for swinging shaft 390 horizontally
This is accomplished by the roller 397 striking against the curved surface of
cam 396. This moves jaw 392 out from under the paper, permitting the sheet
to fall. When the grippers seize the web at the drum, the jaws are first separated,
jaw 392 swung aside, and after the paper has entered between the grippers,
jaw 392 is swung back into position by means of the cam, and is then raised to
grip the paper. Hand wheel 398 is for the purpose of tightening or loosening
sprocket chain 377.
After a sheet is released by the grippers it falls upon endless delivery tapes
399, which are supported by rollers 400 driven by the driving mechanism of the
press in any suitable manner. Preferably they are driven at a rate slightly faster
than the speed of the web, so that the sheets will be separated from one another to
some extent as they are delivered. Another set of delivery tapes 401 takes the
sheets from tapes 399, carries them through a heater or driver 402, and delivers
them to another set of delivery tapes 403, which carries them to any suitable
delivery point.
The heater or drier 402 is constructed for the purpose of drying the sheets. It

page_text: consists of a box having sides 404, bottom 405 and lid 406, made of two strips or
layers of metal or other suitable material between which is placed asbestos. In-
side of the heater are arranged a number of electric heaters 407. These may be
of any suitable construction and are supplied with electric current in any suitable
manner.
GRIPPERS ON THE DRUM.
The paper is reliably held upon the surface of the impression drum and kept
from slipping thereon by a series of grippers 447, which are shown in detail in
Figs. 10 to 13 inclusive, Fig. 10 being a vertical section, Fig. 11 a side view,
Fig. 12 a horizontal section midway of the gripper, and Fig. 13 a top view.
These grippers have a slotted and pivoted mounting in a bracket screwed fast to
the drum and have springs to hold the gripping heads inward over the paper and
down on the paper. The gripper has a gripper head or finger which projects in-
wardly from the edge of the drum and presses down with a strong spring
pressure upon the surface of the drum. 448 is the spring. This gripper finger is
raised by the roller 449 striking a cam 450 (see Fig. 9). The gripper after being
raised from the surface of the drum by the cam 450 is given a quarter turn by the
roller 451 striking the cam 452 on the frame. This turns the finger so that it
does not project inwardly over the edge of the drum but stands entirely clear of
the drum. The gripper finger is numbered 453. The cams 450 and 452 are
secured to the frame and are so placed as to raise and turn the grippers when the
paper is to be released and fed from the drum and to hold the grippers in that
position until they have passed the point where the paper is fed on to the drum,
when each gripper is permitted to take a quarter turn back, so that its finger
extends inwardly over the surface of the drum and then to snap downward on to
the paper. The spring 454 tends to keep the gripper turned against the stop 455
and so to keep the finger 453 turned inward over the edge of the drum, and this is
the position of the gripper except when forced by the cam 452 into the position shown
in Fig. 9 against the spring 454.
The invention in some of its important features is limited to the art of litho-
graphic printing, meaning by that the printing of designs by a permanent print-
ing surface the whole of which lies mechanically in the printing plane, both the
parts that print and the parts that do not print, and in which the distinction
between the parts that print and the parts that do not print is attained by proper
preparation or development of the surface, so that the parts that are to print
take up ink from the planographic inking rollers and reject water presented by the
planographic dampening rollers, and the parts that are not to print take up water
from the planographic dampening rollers and reject ink presented by the plano-
graphic inking rollers, after the well known method of lithography. The present
invention through its many features successfully and practically attains for the
first time in the art of lithographic printing a curved lithographic printing sur-
face that is cheap to make and that accurately and permanently adapts itself to
the cooperating parts of the press, and this with a new and unused lithographic
printing surface for each new job or design, whereby the rotary press principle
and so multicolor printing in its best forms, in absolute and automatic register,
is made available in the art of lithographic printing, limited only by the capacity
of the paper to take ink from the successive printing surfaces in approximately
instantaneous succession, that is, without substantial drying intervals between
printings. This is the cheapest and quickest and best form of multicolor printing
that is possible, and its ready and practically unlimited attainment in the art of
lithographic printing amounts to a practical revolution of that art. One litho-
graphic printing press such as described herein will do the work of upwards of
twenty five of the best lithographic printing presses at present in practical use
and without the employment of stones and with a perfection of register and an
improvement of artistic effects not heretofore attainable in lithography. The
claims hereto appended, where limited to lithographic printing surfaces, refer to

page_text: this important feature of the invention. However the invention in some of its
other features includes also other printing surfaces which have been primarily
planographic or lithographic and to which a drawing or design has been trans-
ferred after the lithographic manner, but which have been subsequently developed
as by deep etching, coupled with the use of an ordinary routing out machine, if
desired, into relief printing surfaces not requiring dampening devices in the print-
ing press.
An important feature of the invention in this general connection is the printing
form, comprising a base as of copper, of a shape and of dimensions permanently
fixed so as to permanently adapt the form to the cooperating parts of the press, the
base having a separate planographic surface thereon of predetermined thickness, as
of electrolytically deposited zinc, which surface is substantially integral with the
base and is adapted to receive a drawing or transfer of a design and to be there-
after developed into a printing surface for that design of the character desired, and
which surface can be removed from and then renewed on the base without sub-
stantially affecting the shape or dimensions of the form as a whole or its accurate
adaptation as a whole to the cooperating parts of the press. In this same connec-
tion a further important feature of the invention is the improvement in the art of
printing which consists in shaping the strengthening base as above set out, inte-
grally applying the lithographic surface thereto suitably transferring the picture
or design to, said surface, developing the surface into a printing surface for that
design of the character desired, printing the desired edition therefrom in the press,
removing the printing surface from the base, as by acids, without substantially
affecting the shape or dimensions of the base, integrally applying a second plano-
graphic surface to the said base of the same predetermined thickness as before, and
so without substantially affecting the shape or dimensions of the printing form as
a whole, suitably transferring another picture or design to the said second surface,
developing the same into a printing surface for that design of the character de-
sired, printing the desired edition therefrom in the press, again wholly removing the
printing surface from the base without affecting the shape or dimensions of the
base, and so on, whereby the proper shape and size of printing form for exact
register and proper printing in the press having been once accurately attained, is
permanently maintained throughout the subsequent printing operations of the
printing form and a fresh and unused planographic surface is presented by the
printing form for each new picture or design to be transferred and printed. Fig.
93 shows apparatus very well adapted for applying a planographic surface of pre-
determined thickness to a suitable base such as just described. The base is a
hollow tube of copper, preferably about one sixteenth of an inch thick and about 42
inches in length and 29 inches in circumference. It is shown at 8 in Fig. 46 where
the electrolytically deposited planographic or lithographic surface that is remov-
able and renewable, is shown, or rather indicated, at 409. The copper tube is
made with the most absolute exactness as to size, shape and dimensions, exactly
cylindrical on the exterior and gradually and evenly tapered from end to end on
the interior, and provided with the spline shown at 410 in Figs. 40 and 43, and
generally throughout the drawings, accurately and permanently adapting the com-
pleted printing form to the co-operating parts of the press, both the interior support-
ing devices and the exterior and contacting inking dampening and impression devices
The preparation of this copper base involves the most accurate kind of machine
werk, including turning and polishing down to exart gauge, but when the shape is
once attained the printing tube will permanently co-operate with the other parts of
the press and accurately in the printing provided only that the same predeter-
mined layer of electrolytically deposited zinc is applied, always the same in thick-
ness and uniform surface disposition. This copper cylinder 8 is introduced into
the electrolytic bath apparatus shown in Fig. 93, where 411 represents the con-
taining walls of the bath, 412 are the spring clamping devices which enter the
hollow ends of the tube, one at each end, and sustain it and revolve it and carry
the current to it in the bath. These spring clamps are carried at the inner ends

page_text: of horizontal shafts suitably mounted in stuffing boxes in the end walls of the
bath, the shafts being movable in and out by turning the hand wheels A13. The
spring clamps are slowly revolved by the prime motor shaft 414 acting through
worm and gear connections so that both clamps are through the shafts that carry
them slowly revolved together. 415 is any suitable source of current; one ter-
minal in the bath is constituted by the two side plates 416 and the other terminal
by the tube itself, an ordinary commutator brush conveying the current to the
terminals in the slowly-rotating end shafts. 417 is an arrangement above the
bath for inserting a supporting finger into the interior of the tube at each end
when the spring clamps, 412 are withdrawn from the ends of the tube. In this
way the tube may be held and lifted out of the bath. By a suitable zinc depositing
composition in the bath' and a suitable strength of current and a suitable length
of time, all of which factors may be experimentally determined and subsequently
reliably maintained, the character and thickness of the zinc surface or coating
may be accurately predetermined and uniformly reproduced an indefinite number
of times. Care should be taken to attain that form of deposit of the zinc which
is adherent and coherent and becomes integral with the copper base and presents
exteriorly a surface at once suitable without sand blasting or other preparatory
treatment to receive the transfer of a drawing or design after the lithographic
manner and to become by suitable development a lithographic printing surface
for that design. The use of the tube as a printing surface is completed by the
printing of the entire edition desired. When it is desired to employ the tube
to print another design, the tube is momentarily subjected to the action of strong
nitric acid, which is quickly washed off. This removes practically at once the
entire zinc surface, leaving the copper base practically unaffected. It is desirable
to rub the copper surface with finely powdered pumice stone when it will be in
condition to be immersed again in the bath, Fig. 93, to receive another and a fresh
zine printing surface.
Other methods may be adopted for preparing the printing tubes. An illustra-
on of another method is given in Fig. 94, which is suitable for producing a cast
tube of zinc, where the tube may be wholly zinc or may be a thin zinc shell cast on
the outside of a copper base exactly as heretofore described. Referring to
Fig. 94, 418 is a melting pot adapted to be heated by a series of gas. jets
from a gas pipe 419. 420 is a valve to control the delivery of the molten metal
from the melting pot 418. 421 is a pressure apparatus, adapted, as shown, by the
use of air or steam pressure obtained through the pipe 422, to force the molten
metal out of the melting pot and to subject it to pressure there and in the mold.
423 is a suitable mold shaped and finished interiorly to exactly reproduce the
exterior shape and form of printing tube desired. 424 is the copper tube, which
is suitably mounted upon and supported by a central cere 425 in the mold. The
mold is heated by a series of gas jets as indicated, just as is the melting pot. The
core of the mold has an interior conduit for the passage of water through the
core during the casting operation. The mold has suitable vents at the top which
may be closed and is constructed in two parts with hinges so as to be opened for
the removal of the casting. The method adopted, including the pressure employed,
tends to produce an exterior casting or surface well adapted to the purpose of a
printing tube, and the cooling of the centre of the mold and the maintained heat
of the exterior surface of the mold tend to prevent the cracking and other imper-
fections in the surface of the casting. Sand blasting, however, may at times
have to be resorted to with a printing tube produced in this way.
Fig. 95 illustrates diagrammatically a useful method and apparatus for trans-
ferring or imparting the picture or design to the printing surface, so that a series
of registering designs for multicolor printing may be accurately and reliably
transferred or imparted according to a definite arrangement and with reference
to the relative positions of the parts in the printing press whereby accurate register
may be automatically attained in the printing press and multicolor printing or
the rotary press principle be thereby made practicable in lithography."

page_text: The
Referring to Fig. 95, 426 is a flat inflexible bed having suitable guiding means,
whereby it is adapted to receive and to accurately present to the printing surface a
setting-up plate carrying one of the designs, and whereby the setting up plates for
a series of registering designs, having those designs accurately mounted upon
them, (each setting-up plate with its design constituting a basic surface for that
design) may, through the guiding means employed, be held supported all of them
in identical positions upon the bed 426. An accurately squared corner of the
bed to which the setting-up plates are accurately adapted may be employed as the
guiding means. The printing surface 5 is positively mounted upon a suitable
shaft 427, which is controlled as to its vertical position by the lever arm 428.
Printing tubes are slipped on to the form support 63 on the shaft 427 (which
exactly corresponds to the form supports 9 of the printing press) and their position
thereon is determined by the spline, which may be marked. The shaft 427 may
carry a gear wheel a marked tooth of which is lowered into a marked recess in
the gear rack 64 of the bed 426, the same tooth always into the same recess.
shaft 427 is always lowered to the same point, whereby the rolling contact of the
basic surface upon the bed plate 426 with the surface of the printing tube will
always begin accurately at the same point with the entire series of printing tubes.
A screw 429, driven in either direction desired from the prime motor shaft 430,
drives the bed 426 and accurately with it the printing tube 5, the surface of the
latter rolling in pressure contact with the basic surface upon the bed 426. One
such contact accurately transfers or turns over the design to the printing surface.
The transfer paper that has gone over to the printing surface with the design is
then soaked off in the usual way and the surface with the ink of the design upon
it is treated by methods well known to lithographers and developed by suitable
etching into a lithographic printing surface for that design, the machine of Fig. 95
having an inking mechanism 431 and a dampening mechanism 432 to that end.
For the purpose of some features of the invention the etching might be a deep
etching and result in the production of a relief printing surface not requiring
dampening devices in the printing press. By the use of the transferring
mechanism shown, a series of registering designs can be accurately and reliably
transferred from a series of registering basic surfaces to a series of printing tubes,
so that the latter shall accurately register and automatically the one with the
other in the printing press.
The invention has heretofore been described in connection with a printing press
having a single central impression drum, but it might be embodied as to some of
its features in a printing press having a series of impression surfaces, one for each
printing surface.
Fig. 96 shows diagrammatically in longitudinal section such a printing press in
which the impression surfaces are shown at 433, the other parts of the press having
the same numbers as the corresponding parts in the press of the earlier figures.
Each impression drum 433 of the series has a circumferentially continuous uni-
formly elastic impression surface. Each printing form of the series has also a
circumferentially continuous cylindrical printing surface. In the machine of
Fig. 96 the printing surfaces and the inking mechanisms and dampening
mechanisms are all moved in and out and are driven in operation in the same
way as in the machine of the earlier drawings, the printing surfaces being moved
by mechanisms heretofore described toward and from the impression surfaces
and moved into and held in printing contact with the impression drums in
accurate and permanent relationship, each printing surface to all the others, the
inking mechanisms and dampening mechanisms being moved toward and from the
printing surfaces and the paper supplied in the web and delivered as heretofore
described in more detail. The only difference is in the main driving mechanism,
the prime motor shaft driving the impressions surfaces 433 through a series of
gear wheels 65, 66 and 408, and the impression surfaces driving each its own
printing surface and main ink distributing cylinder.
Again for some purposes of the invention the central impression drum, if em-

page_text: ployed, need not have a continuous impression surface but may have a discon-
tinuous impression surface, and the printing surface may likewise be discontinuous.
This would be desirable in applying the invention to sheet printing as distinguished
from printing upon the web.
This
Figs. 97 to 102 inclusive show diagrammatically such a press and some of the
details thereof. 434 is an impression drum having a series of discontinuous
impression surfaces as shown, and 435 are a series of curved printing surfaces semi-
cylindrical in shape, that is to say, circumferentially discontinuous.
press is adapted to print on sheets fed to the machine in the usual way. Each
printing surface has a suitable inking mechanism 6 and dampening mechanism 7.
The curved printing surface 435, as shown in detail in Figs. 98 to 102 inclusive,
consists of a thin outer surface of electrolytically deposited zinc, an intermediate
surface 436 of electrolytically deposited copper and a relatively thick inflexible
base 437, as of aluminum. This composite curved inflexible printing form has
splines 438 adapted to take into grooves in a segmental form support 439. This
segmental form support is carried on arms 440 and is centered with an interior
supporting cylinder 441, which is circumferentially continuous. The segmental
form support 439 may be adjusted circumferentially on the supporting cylinder 441
by means of the adjusting nuts 442. The composite printing form 435 is adjust-
able longitudinally of the form upon the segmental form support 439 by means
of the adjusting and unseating devices 443. The segmental form support 439
is tapered exteriorly and the printing form 435 is tapered interiorly to correspond
and to accurately fit the support at every point. The printing form is removable
from and replaceable on the form support 439.
Again for some purposes of the invention the impression drum or device may ·
consist of a series of discontinuous impression surfaces arranged with their entrance
ends a fixed distance apart, to which distance the circumferential length of the
printing surface conforms, the discontinuous impression surfaces having slots or
openings or depressions, that is to say, non-impression surfaces or spaces between
adjacent surfaces. This modification is shown in the printing press of Fig. 87 and
is well adapted under certain circumstances for printing on the web, the printing
pressure of the printing devices on the paper being periodically relieved for a
brief moment while the printing form is passing over the space or interval between
adjacent impression surfaces. This has a tendency to prevent the cumulative dis-
placement of the paper web upon the impression surface, as by gradual sidewise
creeping or other distortion produced by the pressure of the printing form. The
distorting strains upon the paper are intermittently relieved and the normal
gripping devices permitted to restore the paper to normal position upon the
impression surface.
Referring to the press of Fig. 87, 497 is the impression drum having a series
of discontinuous impression surfaces arranged with their entrance ends a fixed dis-
tance apart, to wit, a distance exactly equal to the circumferential length of the
printing surfaces. This is attained by slotting the iron drum with a series of
longitudinal slots crossing the drum from end to end and shown at 498 in the
drawing. The outer rubber surface of the drum is shown as continuous over this
surface, whereby the paper is supported over the slots or spaces but the printing
pressure is removed.
Figs. 103 and 104 illustrate diagrammatically the application of certain features
of the invention to the production of relief printing plates, where 444 is an interior
form support, 445 is a suitable copper base removable from and replaceable on the
form support, 446 is an exterior printing surface of zinc. integral with the copper
base and of notable thickness adapting it for deep etching. The thickness of the
zinc layer is exaggerated as shown in Fig. 104 for the purpose of indicating the
relief character of the printing surface. Fig. 103 will illustrate such a printing
tube with the design developed upon it by deep etching.
However, as has been said before, some of the important features of the inven-
tion are limited to lithographic printing.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
.1
1. In a lithographic press, the combination of an interior form-supporting
device and an inflexible exterior removable, and replaceable hollow lithographic
printing form having an outer surface adapted to reveive a lithographic drawing
or transfer, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
2. In a lithographic press, the combination of an interior form-supporting
device and an exterior removable and replaceable cylindrical lithographic printing
printing form, substantially as and for the purposes set forth..
.3. In a lithographic printing press, the combination, with suitable impression
surface or surfaces, and suitable inking and dampening mechanisms, of a series of
interior, form-supporting devices and a series of exterior tubular lithographic
printing forms, carried by and removable from and replaceable on the form-
supporting devices, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
4. In a lithographic printing press, the combination, with a main impression
drum, and suitable inking and dampening mechanisms, of a series of interior
form-supporting devices arranged on the impression face of the drum and remov-
able from and replaceable on the press, and a series of exterior tubular litho-
graphic printing forms, carried by and removable from and replaceable on the
form-supporting devices, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
5. In a lithographic press, the combination of an interior form-supporting
device and an exterior removable and replaceable tubular composite lithographic
printing form, the printing form having a surface of suitable lithographic material
and an inner strengthening shell, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
6. In a lithographic press, the combination of an interior form-supporting
device removable from and replaceable in the press and an exterior tubular litho-
graphic printing form removable from and replaceable on the supporting device,
the printing form having an outer rounded surface of suitable lithographic
material that is continuous or unbroken, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
7. In a lithographic printing press, the combination with a suitable impression
surface or surfaces of a series of form-supporting devices removable from and
replaceable in the press and a series of tubular lithographic printing forms
removable from and replaceable on the supporting devices, the printing forms
having an outer rounded surface of suitable lithographic material that is con-
tinuous or unbroken, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
8. The combination of an interior form-supporting device and an exterior re-
movable and replaceable tubular lithographic printing form, the printing form
having an outer rounded surface of suitable lithographic material that is con-
tinuous or unbroken, and releasable means for accurately fixing the position of the
printing form on the supporting device and holding it in such position, substan-
tially as and for the purposes set forth.
9. In a lithographic press, the combination of an interior form-supporting device
removable from and replaceable in the press, and an exterior tubular composite
lithographic printing form removable from and replaceable on the supporting
device, the printing form having an outer rounded surface of suitable lithographic
material that is continuous or unbroken and an inner strengthening shell, sub-
stantially as and for the purposes set forth:
10. In a press, the combination of an interior form-supporting device, and an
exterior removable and replaceable lithographic printing form, the printing form
being of a shape and of dimensions permanently fixed so as to permanently adapt
the form to the coöperating parts of the press.
11. In a press, the combination with a suitable impression surface or surfaces
and a series of suitable inking or dampening devices, of a series of interior form-
supporting devices and a series of exterior removable and replaceable lithographic
printing forms, the printing forms being of a shape and of dimensions per-

page_text: manently fixed so as to permanently adapt the forms to the coöperating parts of
the press.
12. The combination, as set forth, with a suitable shaft or mandril, of a
hollow form-support of substantial thickness carried on the shaft and removable
therefrom, the form-support having a tapering outer surface, tapering from end to
end, and an exterior removable and replaceable thin hollow printing form, the
printing form having a tapering inner surface adapted to fit the form-support and
correspondingly tapered from end to end, and an outer non-tapering planographic
surface adapted to receive a design or transfer after the lithographic manner and
to be thereafter developed into a printing surface for that design, and means for
securing the printing form in proper place on the form support.
13. The combination as set forth, with a suitable shaft or mandril, of a hollow
form-support of substantial thickness carried on the shaft and removable there-
from, the form-support having a tapering outer surface, tapering from end to end,
and an exterior removable and replaceable thin hollow printing form, the printing
form having a tapering inner surface adapted to fit the form-support and corre-
spondingly tapered from end to end, and an outer non-tapering planographic sur-
face that is continuous or unbroken and is adapted to receive a design or transfer
after the lithographic manner and to be thereafter developed into a printing surface
for that design, and means for securing the printing form in proper place on the
form support.
14. The combination, substantially as described, of an interior supporting
device, a hollow printing form, a longitudinal sliding connection between the two,
an adjustable stop or shoulder to adjust the printing form longitudinally on the
supporting device, and a clamping device to hold it in such adjusted position, a
supporting and driving shaft, and a circumferentially adjustable supporting con-
nection between the supporting device and the shaft, whereby the printing form
may be adjusted both longitudinally and circumferentially with respect to the
shaft and will then be positively held and driven in its adjusted position.
15. The combination, substantially as described, of a shaft, a hollow support-
ing device adapted to be mounted upon the shaft, a hollow printing form adapted to
be mounted upon the supporting device, and adjustable connecting mechanism
whereby the printing form is adapted for longitudinal and circumferential adjust-
ment with respect to the shaft, the printing form and supporting device being con-
nected by a spline.
16. The combination, substantially as described, of a shaft, an externally
tapered supporting device adapted to be mounted upon the shaft, an internally
tapered hollow printing form adapted to be mounted upon the supporting device,
a device for unseating the printing form, the printing form and supporting device
being connected by a spline, and adjustable connecting mechanism whereby the
printing form is adapted for longitudinal and circumferential adjustment on the
shaft.
17. The combination, substantially as described, of a shaft, hubs carried
thereby, a form cylinder supported by and bolted to said hubs, devices whereby the
form cylinder may be circumferentially adjusted on the hubs, and a removable
printing tube adapted to be carried by the form cylinder.
18. The combination, substantially as described, of a shaft, hubs carried
thereby, an externally tapered form cylinder supported by and bolted to the hubs,
devices whereby the form cylinder may be circumferentially adjusted on the hubs,
an internally tapered printing tube or cylinder adapted to be carried by the form
cylinder, means for longitudinally adjusting and locking the printing tube in place,
and means for unseating the printing tube.
19. A printing form comprising a base of a shape and of dimensions per-
manently fixed so as to permanently adapt the form to the coöperating parts of the
press, the base having a separate planographic surface thereon of predetermined
thickness, which surface is substantially integral with the base and is adapted to
receive a drawing or transfer of a design and to be thereafter developed into a

page_text: .
printing surface for that design of the character desired, and which surface can be
removed from and then renewed on the base without substantially affecting the
shape or dimensions of the form, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
20. In a press, the combination, with a suitable impression surface, of a plano-
graphic printing form comprising a base of a shape and of dimensions permanently
fixed so as to permanently adapt the form to the cooperating parts of the press, the
base having a separate electro-deposited printing surface thereon of predetermined
thickness, which printing surface is substantially integral with the base and can be
removed from and then renewed on the base without substantially affecting the
shape or dimensions of the form, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
21. In a press, the combination with a suitable impression surface, of a plano-
graphic printing form comprising a curved base of a shape and of dimensions
permanently fixed so as to permanently adapt the form to the coöperating parts of
the press, the base having a separate curved printing surface thereon of pre-
determined thickness, which printing surface is substantially integral with the
base and can be removed from and then renewed on the base without substantially
affecting the shape or dimensions of the form, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
22. In a press, the combination, with a suitable impression surface, of a plano-
graphic printing form comprising a circumferentially continuous curved base of a
snape and of dimensions permanently fixed so as to permanently adapt the form to
the coöperating parts of the press, the base having a separate circumferentially
continuous curved printing surface thereon of predetermined thickness, which
printing surface is substantially integral with the base and can be removed from
and then renewed on the base without substantially affecting the shape or dimen-
sions of the form, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
23. In a press, the combination, with a suitable impression surface, of a plano-
graphic printing form comprising a circumferentially continuous curved base of a
shape and of dimensions permanently fixed so as to permanently adapt the form to
the coöperating parts of the press, the base having a separate circumferentially
continuous curved electro-deposited printing surface thereon of predetermined
thickness, which printing surface is substantially integral with the base and can be
removed from and then renewed on the base without substantially affecting the
shape or dimensions of the form, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
24. The combination of a suitable interior support and an exterior removable
and replaceable hollow printing form comprising a base of a shape and of dimen-
sions permanently fixed so as to permanently adapt the form to the coöperating
parts of the press, the base having a separate planographic surface thereon of pre-
determined thickness, which surface is substantially integral with the base and is
adapted to receive a drawing or transfer of a design and to be thereafter developed
into a printing surface for that design of the character desired, and which surface
can be removed from and then renewed on the base without substantially affecting
the shape or dimensions of the form, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
25. In a printing press, the combination, with suitable impression surface or
surfaces, of a series of printing forms mounted in the press in a positive relation-
ship to the impression surface or surfaces and to one another, the printing forms
comprising a base of a shape and of dimensions permanently fixed so as to per-
manently adapt the form to the coöperating parts of the press, the base having a
separate printing surface thereon of predetermined thickness, which printing sur-
face is substantially integral with the base and can be removed from and then
renewed on the base without substantially affecting the shape or dimensions of the
form, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
26. In a printing press, the combination, with suitable impression surface or
surfaces, of a series of planographic printing forms mounted in the press in a posi-
tive relationship to the impression surface or surfaces and to one another, the
printing forms comprising a curved base of a shape and of dimensions permanently

page_text: fixed so as to permanently adapt the form to the coöperating parts of the press, the
base having a separate curved printing surface thereon of predetermined thickness,
which printing surface is substantially integral with the base and can be removed
from and then renewed on the base without substantially affecting the shape or
dimensions of the form, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
27. In a printing press, the combination, with suitable impression surface or
surfaces, and a series of suitable form-supports carrying the printing forms, of a
series of exterior removable and replaceable hollow printing forms mounted in the
press in a positive relationship to the impression surface or surfaces and to one
another, the printing forms comprising a hollow base of a shape and of dimensions
permanently fixed so as to permanently adapt the form to the coöperating parts of
the press, the base having a separate printing surface thereon of predetermined
thickness, which printing surface is substantially integral with the base and can be
removed from and renewed on the base without substantially affecting the shape
or dimensions of the form, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
28. In a printing press, the combination, with a suitable impression surface or
surfaces, and a series of suitable form-supports carrying the printing forms, of a
series of exterior removable and replaceable hollow planographic printing forms
mounted in the press in a positive relationship to the impression surface or sur-
faces and to one another, the printing form comprising a hollow circumferentially
continuous cylindrical base of a shape and of dimensions permanently fixed so as
to permanently adapt the form to the cooperating parts of the press, the base
having a separate circumferentially continuous cylindrical printing surface thereon
of predetermined thickness, which printing surface is substantially integral with
the base and can be removed from and renewed on the base without substantially
affecting the shape or dimensions of the form, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
29. In a printing press, the combination with an impression drum and a series
of form cylinders arranged on the impression face of the drum and removable
from and accurately replaceable in the press and carrying the printing forms, of
a series of hollow composite cylindrical planographic printing forms removable
from the form cylinders and accurately replaceable thereon, the printing forms
comprising a hollow cylindrical strengthening base and an exterior separate
electro-deposited zinc printing surface thereon, which printing surface is of
uniform thickness and is substantially integral with the base and can be removed
from and renewed on the base without substantially affecting the dimensions of
the printing form, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
30. The improvement in the art of multicolor printing, which consists in pre-
paring a series of curved metallic bases for printing forms and also a series of
rotary form-supports therefor, said bases and form-supports being made of a per-
manent predetermined size and shape to adapt them to accurately fit one upon
another, and so that the form-supports are adapted to accurately fit in pre-
established seats in a rotary printing press, and so that the printing forms carried
on their form-supports are adapted to fit and work accurately with the coöperating
parts of the printing press revolving each base in an electrolytic bath and thereby
applying to it by electro-deposition a planographic metallic coating of predeter-
mined thickness, integral with the base and suitable to have imposed upon it, and
to print, a design, said coating and its base constituting the printing form; pre-
paring a series of registering basic surfaces bearing component designs and on a
rigid base of permanent predetermined size and shape adapted to fit accurately in a
pre-established seat in a transfer press; arranging each of said printing forms in
turn, and supported on a rotary form support, in said transfer press in an accurate
predetermined relation both longitudinally and circumferentially with respect to
its corresponding basic surface seated in said press, and by aid of fixed guiding
5 means, the same for the entire series; imparting by rolling contact the designs of
the basic surfaces to the printing forms: suitably developing said printing forms
as by etching into printing surfaces which will thereupon become registering print-

page_text: ing surfaces for said designs and of the character desired, whether planographic
relief or intaglio, and having their designs located thereon in predetermined
position for the purpose of register in printing, arranging said printing surfaces in
their predetermined positions on their form-supports, each support being mounted
in its pre-established seat in the printing press, and bringing said printing sur
faces into predetermined relationship with reference to the impression surface and
with reference to each other, fixed guiding means being employed whereby this
predetermined relationship may be at once attained both longitudinally and cir
cumferentially and without the usual empiric adjustment; and printing from said
printing surfaces in accurate register in approximately instantaneous succession.,
31. The combination of a series of rotary supports for printing forms, identical
in working size and shape and constructed and designed to fit in pre-established
seats in a rotary printing press; a series of curved metallic bases for printing
forms of predetermined equal and permanent size and shape and constructed
and designed to removably and replaceably fit on said form-supports in precise
predetermined positions, said bases having each a uniform coating of electro-
deposited metal suitable to have imposed thereon and to print a design, the coat-
ings for the several bases being of equal and predetermined thickness with refer-
ence to the accurate fitting and working of said printing forms with the co-
öperating parts of said printing press, said coatings being removable from and
replaceable on their bases without affecting the permanent size and shape of the
bases, a base and its coating constituting a printing form; a transfer press provided
with a removable basic surface having a rigid base of predetermined permanent size
and shape, said press having fixed mechanical guides whereby the basic surface
may be brought always and at once into the same pre-established seat therefor,
said transfer press having also a pre-established seat for the form supports carrying
their printing forms and having also fixed guiding means whereby each printing
form and its basic surface may be brought accurately and at once in exact pre-
determined coöperating relation, whereby the designs of the basic surfaces may
be imposed upon the printing forms by rolling contact in exact predetermined
positions with reference to the attainment of register in printing with said
printing forms when developed into printing surfaces; a rotary multi-coldr
printing press having pre-established seats therein constructed to receive the
form supports carrying their printing surfaces and provided with fixed guides
whereby said printing surfaces may be brought into exact predetermined positions,
at once and without the usual empiric adjustments, with respect to the impression
surface and to each other and with reference to register in printing..
32. The improvement in the art of printing which consists in shaping the
strengthening base of a printing form so as to adapt the form to the cooperating
parts of the press, integrally applying to said base a separate planographic surface
of a predetermined thickness, suitably placing the picture or design on said surface
and developing the surface into a printing surface for the design of the character
desired, printing the desired edition therefrom in the press, removing the printing
surface from the base without substantially affecting the shape or dimensions of
the base, integrally applying a second planographic surface to said base of the
same predetermined thickness as before and so without substantially affecting the
shape or dimensions of the printing. form, suitably placing another picture or
design on said second surface, and so on, whereby the proper shape and size of
printing form for exact register and proper printing in the press having been once
accurately attained is permanently maintained throughout the subsequent print-
ing operations of the form and a fresh and unused planographic surface is pre-
sented by the printing form for each new picture or design to be transferred and
printed, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
33. The improvement in the art of planographic printing which consists in
shaping the, strengthening base of a printing form so as to adapt the form to the
coöperating parts of the press, integrally applying to said base by electro-deposition
a separate planographic printing surface of a predetermined thickness, suitably

page_text: placing the picture or design on said surface and etching and preparing the surface
for printing, printing the desired edition therefrom in the press, removing the
printing surface from the base without substantially affecting the shape or dimen-
sions of the base, integrally applying by electro-deposition a second printing sur-
face to said base of the same predetermined thickness as before and so without
substantially affecting the shape or dimensions of the printing form, suitably
placing another picture or design on said second surface, and so on, whereby the
proper shape and size of printing form for exact register and proper printing in
the press having been once accurately attained is permanently maintained through-
out the subsequent printing operations of the form and a fresh and unused electro-
deposited planographic printing surface is presented by the printing form for each
new picture or design to be printed, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
34. The improvement in the art of planographic printing which consists in
shaping the strengthening base of a printing form so as to adapt the form to the
coöperating parts of the press, integrally applying to said base by electro-deposi-
tion a separate planographic printing surface of a different material from the base
and of a predetermined thickness, suitably placing the picture or design on said
surface and etching and preparing the surface for printing, printing the desired
edition therefrom in the press, removing the printing surface from the base by
washing with suitable acids without substantially affecting the shape or dimensions
of the base, integrally applying by electro-deposition a second printing surface
to said base of a different material from the base and of the same predetermined
thickness as before, and so without substantially affecting the shape or dimensions
of the printing form, suitably placing another picture or design on said second
surface, and so on, whereby the proper shape and size of printing form for exact
register and proper printing in the press having been once accurately attained
is permanently maintained throughout the subsequent printing operations of the
form and a fresh and unused planographic printing surface is presented by the
printing form for each new picture or design to be printed, substantially as and
for the purposes set forth.
35. The improvement in the art of printing, which consists in shaping the
strengthening bases of a series of printing forms so as to adapt the forms to the
coöperating parts of the press, integrally applying to said bases separate plano-
graphic surfaces of a predetermined thickness, suitably placing the designs for the
several colors of the picture on said several surfaces in accurate and related
register, and developing the several surfaces into printing surfaces for the several
designs of the character desired, printing the desired edition therefrom in accurate
and related register and in approximately instantaneous succession, removing the
printing surfaces from the bases without substantially affecting the shapes or
dimensions of the bases, integrally applying a second planographic surface to said
bases of the same predetermined thickness as before and so without substantially
affecting the shapes or dimensions of the printing forms, suitably placing the
designs for the several colors of another picture on said several second surfaces, and
so on, whereby the proper shapes and sizes of the printing forms for exact register
and proper printing in approximately instantaneous succession in the press having
been once accurately attained are permanently maintained throughout the subse-
quent printing operations of the forms and fresh and unused planographic surfaces
are presented by the printing forms for each new picture or design. to be trans-
ferred and printed, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
36. The improvement. in the art of planographic printing, which consists in
shaping the strengthening bases of a series of printing forms so as to adapt the
forms to the coöperating parts of the press, integrally applying to said bases
separate planographic printing surfaces of a predetermined thickness, suitably
placing the designs for the several colors of the picture on said several surfaces in
accurate and related register, and etching and preparing the surfaces for printing,
printing the desired edition therefrom in accurate and related register and in

page_text: approximately instantaneous succession, removing the printing surfaces from the
bases without substantially affecting the shapes or dimensions of the bases,
integrally applying a second printing surface to said bases of the same predeter-
mined thickness as before and so without substantially affecting the shapes or
dimensions of the printing forms, suitably placing the designs for the several
colors of another picture on said several fresh surfaces, and so on, whereby the
proper shapes and sizes of the printing forms for exact register and proper printing
in approximately instantaneous succession in the press having been once accurately
attained are permanently maintained throughout the subsequent printing opera-
tions of the forms and fresh and unused planographic printing surfaces are pre-
sented by the printing forms for each new picture or design to be printed, sub-
stantially as and for the purposes set forth.
37. In a printing press, the combination with a main impression drum having
a continuous impression surface, of a series of printing surfaces arranged on the
impression face of the drum and positively driven with the drum, and mechanism
for moving the same radially into or out of contact with the impression face of the
drum, said mechanism being independent in its operation of the printing operation
of the drum but centered with the drum and operatively connected with the print-
ing surfaces, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
38. In a lithographic printing press, the combination with a main impression
drum having a continuous impression surface, of a series of rounded and con-
tinuous printing surfaces arranged on the impression face of the drum and
positively driven with the drum, and mechanism for moving the same into or out
of contact with the impression face of the drum, said mechanism including
toggle devices arranged to move the printing surfaces, substantially as and for
the purposes set forth.
39. In a lithographic printing press, the combination with a main impression
drum having a continuous impression surface, of a series of rounded and con-
tinuous printing surfaces arranged on the impression face of the drum and
positively driven with the drum, and mechanism for moving the same into or out.
of contact with the impression face of the drum, said mechanism including a
series of radial arms connected for operation with the printing surfaces, and
means for operating said arms, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
40. In a lithographic printing press, the combination with a main impression
drum having a continuous impression surface, of a series of lithographic printing
surfaces, the printing surfaces being geared to the impression drum so as to work
together both when they are in and out of printing contact with the drum, means
for moving said surfaces into and out of contact, said means being controlled at
will separately from and independently of the printing movement of the impres-
sion drum, substantially as set forth,
41. In a printing press, the combination with suitable impression surface or
surfaces, of one or more printing surfaces, a printing surface and its impression
surface being operatively connected through intermediate vibrating gear wheels so
as to work together both when they are in and out of printing contact, means for
moving said surfaces into and out of contact, said means being controlled at will
separately from and independently of the printing movement of the impression
surface, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
42. In a printing press, the combination, substantially as described, with a
main impression drum having a continuous impression surface, of a series of
rounded and continuous printing surfaces arranged on the impression face of the
drum and positively driven with the drum, and mechanism for moving the same
into and out of contact with the impression face of the drum, said mechanism
having a revoluble shifting device controlled at will separately from and indepen-
dently of the printing operation of the drum but centered "with the drum and
operatively connected with the printing surfaces, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
43. In a printing press, the combination with a main impression drum having

page_text: a continuous impression surface, of a printing surface and mechanism for moving
the same radially into and out of contact with the impression surface of the drum,
said mechanism having sliding boxes carrying the printing surfaces, direct pres-
sure bars carrying the sliding boxes, and a shifting device controlled at will
separately from and independently of the printing movement of the impression
drum, and carrying the pressure bars, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
44. In a press, the combination with a suitable impression drum having a con-
tinuous impression surface and a rounded and continuous printing surface arranged
on the face thereof, of mechanism for adjustably moving the printing surface
radially into and out of contact with the impression drum, said mechanism
carrying the printing surface and being centered with the drum but controlled
at will separately from and independently of the printing movement thereof and
being adjustable to and fro radially of the drum in the direction of the motion
of the printing surface, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
45. In a press, the combination with a suitable impression surface and a
printing surface arranged on the face thereof, of adjustable mechanism for moving
the printing surface into and out of contact with the impression surface, said
mechanism including a non-removable adjusting part and a removable part con-
nected to the printing surface, whereby the printing surface may be removed and
restored without affecting the adjustment, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
46. In a press, the combination with an impression drum having a continuous
impression surface and a series of printing surfaces arranged on the impression
face of the drum, of a series of radial slide-ways supported in the frame of the
machine and a series of sliding boxes therein carrying the printing surfaces, and
mechanism for adjustably moving the sliding boxes in the slideways radially of
the drum. said mechanism being adjustable to and fro in the direction of the
motion of the sliding boxes and controlled at will separately from and indepen-
dently of the printing movement, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
47. In a press, the combination with a suitable impression surface and a
printing surface arranged on the face thereof, of slide-ways supported in the frame
of the machine and sliding boxes therein carrying the printing surface, and
mechanism for moving the sliding boxes in the slide-ways, said sliding boxes with
the printing surface carried by them being adjustable on the mechanism moving
them in the slide-ways and being removable from said mechanism and from the
slideways, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
48. In a printing press, the combination with a suitable impression surface, of
a series of printing surfaces and a series of inking frames carrying the inking
devices for the printing surfaces, and mechanism for moving the printing surfaces
and the inking frames inwardly and outwardly, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
49. The combination with a fixed central impression surface, of a series of
printing surfaces, a series of inking frames carrying the inking devices for the
printing surfaces, and a common mechanism for moving both the printing sur-
faces and the inking frames inwardly and outwardly, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
50. In a printing press, the combination with a main impression drum and a
series of printing surfaces arranged around it and a series of inking frames carry-
ing the inking devices for the printing surfaces, of mechanism for simultaneously
inking inwardly or outwardly the frames which carry the inking devices, said
mechanism being independent of the drum but centered therewith, substantially
as and for the purposes set forth.
51. In a press, the combination with suitable impression and printing surfaces,
of an inking mechanism including a main ink-distributing roller positively driven
with the printing surface, an ink-feeding roller and a vibrating or ductor roller,
both positively driven with the main ink-distributing roller, and supplementary

page_text: distributing rollers, and a swinging frame, the frame carrying the feeding, the
vibrating, and the supplementary distributing rollers, and being centered with the
shaft of the main ink-distributing roller, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
52. In a press, the combination with a suitable impression surface and a
suitable printing. surface, of a hollow water-supply roller having internal water
supply and a group of water-distributing rollers, one of the water-distributing
rollers revolving in contact with the printing surface, the water-supply roller
being mounted on pivoted arms and having mechanism for intermittently..but
positively swinging it into contact with one of the water distributing rollers, sub-
stantially as and for the purposes set forth...
53. In a multicolor lithographic press, the combination with a larger impression
drum having a circumferentially continuous uniformly elastic impression surface,
of a series of small uniform printing forms having circumferentially continuous
evindrical lithographic printing surfaces arranged circumferentially around the
impression drum, mechanism to move the printing surfaces toward and from the
impresion surface and to move the printing surfaces into, and hold them, in,
printing contact with the impression drum in accurate and permanent relationship
each printing surface to all the others, a series of inking mechanisms, one for
cach printing surface, each inking mechanism including a group of ink dis-
tributing rollers arranged on the outer side of the printing surface away from
the drum and mechanism to move them toward and from the printing surface,
and a series of dampening mechanisms, one for each printing surface, arranged
between adjacent printing surfaces, each dampening mechanism including a
group of water distributing rollers and mechanism to move them toward and
from the printing. surface, and suitable paper supplying and delivering devices
for supplying paper on.the. web. substantially as described.
. In a multicolor press, the combination with an impression drum having a
circumferentially continuous uniformly elastic impression surface, of a series of
uniform printing forms having circumferentially continuous cylindrical printing
surfaces, mechanism to move the printing surfaces toward and from the impression
surface and to move the printing surfaces into, and hold them in, printing contact
with the impression drum in accurate and permanent relationship each printing
surface with all the others, a series of inking mechanisms, one for each printing
surface, each inking mechanism including a group of ink distributing rollers
arranged on the outer side of the printing surface away from the drum and
mechanism to move them toward and from the printing surface; and suitable
paper-supplying and delivering devices for supplying paper on the web, sub-
stantially as described.
55. In the inking mechanism of a press a swinging ink frame consisting of two
side frames, a connecting shaft to which the side frames are keyed, and a tie rod,
one of the side frames having a suitable segmental gear or worm-wheel, in com-
bination with suitable ink-distributing rollers and form-inking rollers carried by
the ink frame, one of said form-inking rollers being loosely mounted on the tie
rod, and with suitable swinging mechanism, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
56. In combination with the impression surface of a printing press having two
suitable gears and positive driving mechanism, of a printing surface having gear
connection with one of said gears and positively driven thereby and a main ink-
distributing cylinder for said printing surface having gear connection with the
other of said gears and positively driven thereby, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
57. The combination with a suitable impression surface, a suitable damping
mechanism, a swinging ink frame having carrying shaft, and a ductor roller and
suitable ink-distributing rollers carried by the ink frame, of a main ink distributing
cylinder loosely mounted on the shaft and carrying on its hub at one end a gear

page_text: wheel having gear connection with the impression surface and driven thereby and
an internal cam groove reciprocating the ductor roller, and at the other end a gear
wheel having gear connection with the ink distributing rollers and driving them,
an internal cam groove reciprocating the ductor roller and a second internal cam
groove reciprocating the water fountain, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
58. The combination with the main ink-distributing cylinder having on its hub
at each end a wheel carrying an internal groove reciprocating the ductor roller, of
a ductor roller carried by slides reciprocated by the said internal grooves, said
ductor roller being adjustable in the slides, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
59. In the inking, mechanism of a press an ink-feeding roller, a pawl and
ratchet mechanism connected with same to give it a step by step rotative motion, a
swinging frame carrying the ink mechanism and supported in the main, frame of
the machine, a reciprocating rod supported in slideways in the main frame of the
machine and suitable mechanism to reciprocate it and a connecting link, the link
being pivoted at one end to the reciprocating rod and at the other end being
adjustably pivoted to the pawl and ratchet mechanism, whereby with a fixed
reciprocation of the rod a faster or slower rotative motion of the ink-feeding roller
may be attained and maintained whatever the position of the swinging frame,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
"60. In a printing press the combination, with a group of ink-distributing
rollers and suitable driving and ink-supplying and ink-receiving mechanisms,
of a reciprocatable lifting plate having mechanism to positively control at the
limits of its reciprocations the individual positions of the ink-distributing rollers
and mechanism to reciprocate the plate, whereby the ink-distributing rollers may be
forced positively into operative positions by one motion of the lifting plate and
may be forced positively therefrom by the reverse motion of the lifting plate,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
61. In a printing press the combination, with a group of ink-distributing rollers
and suitable driving and ink-supplying and ink-receiving mechanisms, of, a recip-
rocatable lifting plate having adjustable mechanism to control at the limits of its
reciprocations the individual positions of the ink-distributing rollers. and
mechanism to reciprocate the plate and a stop to positively limit the motion of
the plate in the direction toward the ink-receiving mechanism, whereby the ink-
distributing rollers may be forced positively but adjustably into operative positions
by one full motion of the lifting plate and may be forced positively therefrom
by the reverse motion of the lifting plate, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
62. In a printing press the combination, with a group of ink-distributing
rollers and suitable driving and ink-supplying mechanisms and a group of form-
inking rollers, of a swinging frame and mechanism to swing it, said swinging
frame carrying the form-inking rollers in fixed.operative positions and carrying
the ink-distributing rollers in slideways, and a lifting plate also carried by the
said frame and having mechanism to control at the limits of its motions the
individual positions of the ink-distributing rollers in their respective slideways
in the carrying frame and mechanism to move the lifting plate, whereby the ink-
distributing rollers may be forced positively into. operative position in contact
with the form-inking rollers by one motion of the lifting plate and may be forced
positively therefrom by the reverse motion of the lifting plate, and the form-inking
rollers may be collectively swung out of and into operative contact with the
printing surface, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
63. The combination, with suitable impression and printing surfaces and suit-
able inking mechanism including a main ink-distributing cylinder, of a dampening
mechanism including rollers positively driven by the main ink-distributing
cylinder, and a swinging damping frame carrying said dampening mechanism,

page_text: the damping frame being centered with the main ink-distributing cylinder, and
mechanism to swing the damping frame, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
64. The combination, with suitable impression and printing surfaces and suit-
able inking mechanism including a main ink-distributing cylinder, of a dampening
mechanism having a metal rider and form-dampening rollers, and a swinging
damping frame carrying said dampening mechanism, the damping frame being
centered with the main ink-distributing cylinder, and the metallic rider being
positively driven with said main ink-distributing cylinder, and mechanism to
swing the damping frame, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
65. The combination of a suitable driving gear wheel, a swinging damping
frame centered therewith and mechanism to swing it, a water-supply roller, a metal
rider, and form-dampening rollers, all carried by the damping frame, the water-
supply roller reciprocating in slideways in the damping frame toward and away
from the metal rider and having mechanism to reciprocate it, and a series of
wheels positively connecting the water supply roller and the metal rider with the
driving gear wheel, said series of gear wheels including a chain of movable gear
wheels driving the reciprocating water supply roller and carried on a chain of
pivoted links, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
gear
66. The combination with a main impression drum and a series of suitable
printing surfaces arranged around it and a series of pressure bars carrying the
printing surfaces, of a revoluble shifting disc or plate and mechanism to revolve
or shift it, and a series of toggle levers pivoted to the frame at their outer ends
and to the pressure bars at their inner ends and to the revoluble shifting disc or
plate at their center pivots, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
67. The combination with a suitable impression drum and a series of suitable
printing surfaces arranged around the drum, and a series of groups of inking
rollers and a series of swinging ink frames carrying the form-inking rollers of
said groups, of a series of separate swinging mechanisms to swing the ink frames,
one for each ink frame, and a central driving mechanism to simultaneously actuate
the separate swinging mechanisms, the separate swinging mechanisms being
detachably secured to the central driving mechanism, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
68. The combination with a suitable impression drum and a series of suitable
printing surfaces arranged around the drum and a series of groups of inking
rollers and a series of swinging frames carrying the form-inking rollers of said
groups, of a series of separate swinging mechanisms to swing the ink frames,
one for each ink frame, and a central driving mechanism to simultaneously actuate
the separate swinging mechanisms, and adjustable stops to limit the motion of
each ink frame toward its printing surface, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
69. The combination with a suitable impression drum and a series of suitable
printing surfaces arranged on the impression face of the drum, of a series of groups
of dampening rollers, a series of swinging frames carrying the same, a central
actuating device to simultaneously swing said frames toward and from the printing
surfaces, and a series of connecting mechanisms connecting said central actuating
device with the several swinging frames, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
70. The combination, with a suitable impression drum and a series of printing
surfaces arranged around it and a suitable main driving mechanism driving the
drum and the printing surfaces positively together, of carrying mechanisms for
carrying, said printing surfaces and moving them simultaneously in toward or out
from the impression drum and so into and out of operative position, and a con-
trolling engine connected on the one side with said main driving mechanism and
on the other side with the carrying mechanism of said printing surfaces and con-
trolled independently of the regular printing operation of the printing press,
whereby the printing surfaces may, prior to the beginning of the printing

page_text: operation, be brought into suitable permanent printing pressure contact with the
drum, by the main driving mechanism of the press, be positively and permanently
held in such pressure contact so long as the printing operation is proceeding, and
may then be moved into permanent position out of contact with the drum by the
main driving mechanism of the press, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
71. The combination with a suitable impression drum and a series of printing
surfaces arranged around it and a series of groups of inking rollers and a series of
swinging ink frames carrying the same and a suitable main driving mechanism
driving the drum and the printing surfaces and some of the ink rollers all
positively together, of swinging mechanism for simultaneously swinging said ink
frames in toward or out from the printing surfaces and a controlling engine con-
nected on the one side with said main driving mechanism and on the other side
with the swinging mechanism for simultaneously swinging the ink frames, sub-
stantially as and for the purposes set forth.
72. The combination, with a suitable impression drum and a series of printing
surfaces arranged around it and a series of groups of dampening rollers and a
series of swinging damping frames carrying the same and a suitable main driving
mechanism driving the drum and the printing surfaces and some of the dampening
rollers all positively together, of swinging mechanism for simultaneously swinging
said damping frames in toward or out from the printing surfaces and a controlling
engine connected on the one side with said main driving mechanism and on the
other side with the swinging mechanism for simultaneously swinging the damping
frames, substantially as and for the purposes set forth,
73. The combination, with a suitable impression drum and a series of printing
surfaces arranged around it and a series of groups of inking rollers, and a series of
swinging ink frames carrying the same, of a controlling engine connected with said
ink frames and with the carrying devices of said printing surfaces and constructed
to simultaneously move said printing surfaces toward or from the impression drum
and said ink frames toward or from the printing surfaces, substantially as and for
the purposes set forth.
74. The combination, with a suitable impression drum and a series of printing
surfaces arranged around it and a series of groups of inking rollers and a series of
swinging ink-frames carrying the same, and a series of groups of dampening rollers
and a series of swinging dampening frames carrying the same, of a controlling
engine connected with said ink frames and with said dampening frames and with
the carrying devices of said printing surfaces and constructed to move said print-
ing surfaces toward or from the impression drum and said ink frames toward or
from the printing surfaces, and said damping frames toward or from the printing
surfaces substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
75. In a controlling engine for a press, a shaft, means for rotating said shaft
driven by the driving mechanism of the press, sets of connecting mechanism each
set connecting with a different part of the press to be moved and adapted to move
that part of the press one way or the other into or out of operative position as the
set is driven in one direction or the other, two clutch gear wheels intermediate
between said shaft and each set of said connecting mechanism, each couple of said
gear wheels capable of connecting or disconnecting the said shaft with the said con-
necting mechanism, and of driving the said connecting mechanism in one direction
when one gear wheel of said couple connects the shaft with the connecting
mechanism, and of driving said connecting mechanism in the other direction when
the other gear wheel of the couple connects them together, clutch mechanism for
each couple of gear wheels adapted to cause one or the other of the said gear
wheels to connect the shaft with the corresponding set of connecting mechanism
or to cause both of said gear wheels to disconnect the shaft and said connecting
mechanism, and means for operating the clutch mechanism, whereby the move-
ment of the said different parts of the press into and out of operative position may
be controlled..

page_text: 76. In a controlling engine for a press, a shaft adapted to rotate in either
direction, means for rotating it in either direction, mechanism connecting with a
part of the press to be moved, a gear wheel arranged and adapted to connect or
disconnect the shaft with said connecting mechanism, whereby the shaft, when
connected to the connecting mechanism, will drive the latter to move the said part
of the press, clutch mechanism adapted to cause the gear wheel to connect the
shaft with the said connecting mechanism or to disconnect them, and means for
operating the clutch mechanism, whereby the operation of the said part of the
press will be controlled.
77. In a press, a shaft adapted to rotate in either direction, driving mechanism
for rotating said shaft, two clutch gear wheels intermediate between said driving
mechanism and the shaft, capable of connecting or disconnecting the said driving
mechanism with the said shaft, and of driving the said shaft in one direction when
one gear wheel connects the driving mechanism to the shaft, and of driving the
shaft in the other direction when the other gear wheel connects them, clutch
mechanism adapted to cause one or the other of the said gear wheels to connect
the driving mechanism with the said shaft or to cause both of them to disconnect
the driving mechanism from the shaft, means for operating said clutch mechanism
whereby the shaft may remain at rest or may be driven in either direction at will,
gear wheels mounted upon said shaft and connecting mechanism between the said
gear wheels and parts of the press to be moved, whereby the operation of the said
parts of the press may be controlled.
78. In a controlling engine for a press, a shaft adapted to rotate in either
direction, means for rotating it in either direction, mechanism. connecting with a
part of the press to be moved, a gear wheel arranged and adapted to connect or
disconnect the shaft with said connecting mechanism, whereby the shaft, when
connected to the connecting mechanism, will drive the latter to move the said part
of the press, electric clutch mechanism adapted to cause the gear wheel to connect
the shaft with the said connecting mechanism or to disconnect them, a clutch
circuit through said electric clutch mechanism, a circuit controller therein for
making or breaking the circuit, an operating circuit, an electro-magnet therein
controlling the circuit controller of the clutch circuit, and a circuit controller in
the operating circuit under the control of the operator, a catch for holding the
circuit controller of the clutch circuit in its operative position, an electro-magnet
in a releasing circuit for withdrawing the catch, and a circuit controller in the said
releasing circuit, whereby the operation of the said parts of the press may be
controlled.
79. In a press, a shaft adapted to rotate in either direction, driving mechanism
for rotating said shaft, two clutch gear wheels intermediate between said driving
mechanism and the shaft, capable of connecting or disconnecting the said driving
mechanism with the said shaft, and of driving the said shaft in one direction when
one gear wheel connects the driving mechanism to the shaft, and of driving the
shaft in the other direction when the other gear wheel connects them, electric
clutch mechanisms adapted to cause one or the other of the said gear wheels to
connect the driving mechanism with the said shaft or to cause both of them to
disconnect the driving mechanism from the shaft, clutch circuits through, said
electric clutch mechanisms, circuit controllers in said clutch circuits for making
or breaking said circuits, an operating circuit for each of said clutch circuits, an
electro-magnet in each operating circuit controlling the circuit controller in its
'corresponding clutch circuit, and a circuit controller in each operating circuit,
under the control of the operator, whereby the operation of the said parts of the
press may be controlled.
80. In a controlling engine for a press, the combination of electric clutch
mechanism for connecting driving parts with a part to be driven or for discon-
necting them, a circuit through said electric clutch mechanism adapted to cause
it to connect the said parts together or to disconnect them, a circuit controller
therein for making or breaking said clutch circuit, an electromagnet in another

page_text: circuit arranged and adapted to control the operation of the said circuit controller
in the clutch circuit, a circuit through said electro-magnet and a circuit con-
troller therein for making and breaking said operating circuit, whereby the clutch
mechanism may be operated to cause it to connect the said driving parts with the
said part to be driven or to disconnect them.
81. In a controlling engine for a press, the combination of electric clutch
mechanism for connecting driving parts with a part to be driven or for discon-
necting them, a circuit through said electric clutch mechanism adapted to. cause
it to connect the said parts together or to disconnect them, a circuit controller
therein for making or breaking said clutch circuit, a catch for seizing and holding
said circuit controller in its operative position to cause the clutch circuit to operate
the clutch, an electro-magnet in another circuit arranged and adapted to control
the operation of the circuit controller in the clutch circuit, a circuit through said
electro-magnet and a circuit controller therein for making and breaking said
operating circuit, and means, automatically actuated by the part to be driven at
the limit of its movement, for releasing the catch to permit the circuit controller
of the clutch circuit to resume its inoperative position, whereby the clutch
mechanism may be operated to cause it to connect the said driving parts with the
said part to be driven, or to disconnect them.
82. In combination with suitable hoisting arms and means for operating the
same, a suitable frame or carriage and a set of circular rails and means for moving
and positively holding at any point the carriage on the rails, substantially as set
forth.
83. The combination with a multicolor printing press having a series, circularly
arranged, of hollow printing forms or surfaces carried on permanent shafts, of suit-
able hoisting arms and means for operating the same, a suitable frame or carriage
for the hoisting arms, a set of circular rails concentric with the press for the
carriage to move on, and means for moving the carriage on the rails, substantially
as described.
84. A revoluble printing tube holder having a standard and a series of receiving
shafts, each adapted to lock with and so as to continue the permanent shaft of
a press, and mechanism to revolve the same, substantially as described.
85. The combination in a press of suitable hoisting arms, means for operating
the arms, a frame or carriage carrying the same having grasping and rolling or
sliding devices, a set of circular rails, a motor for actuating the means for operating
the hoisting arms and also the grasping and rolling or sliding devices to cause
the carriage to move along the rails, and a clutch adapted to connect the motor so
as to operate either of the hoisting arms or to move the carriage or to wholly dis-
connect it, whereby the carriage may be moved and the hoisting arms be operated
at will but dissimultaneously and whereby printing cylinders, tubes or supports
therefor may be removed from operative position in the press and be carried to
any desired position or may be carried from such position to and be inserted in,
their operative positions in the press.
86. In a press, hoisting armis consisting of two parts movable upon each other,
means for operating the hoisting arms and means for moving the two parts thereof
relatively to each other, whereby printing cylinders, tubes or surfaces or supports
therefor may be placed in or be removed from, the press, substantially as set
forth.
87. In a press, the combination with circular rails, having a rack, a carriage
adapted to run thereon, an axle thereof provided with toothed wheels meshing with
said rack, an electric motor mounted upon the carriage to drive the latter along the
rails, and connecting gearing between the shaft of the motor and the said axle of
the carriage, of conductors, one for each rail, each consisting of a metallic strip
running the length of the rails and insulated therefrom and connected electrically
at one end with a source of electricity, a metallic shoe upon each side of the
carriage adapted to slide upon the metallic strip upon the rail on that side of the
press, or to be removed therefrom, means for making or breaking contact between

page_text: the shoe and the electric motor, whereby an electric current may be supplied to the
motor, substantially as set forth.
88. In a press, the combination of a movable carriage, rails upon which it is
adapted to move, a motor, connecting mechanism between the motor and the wheels
of the carriage adapted to impart motion to the carriage, a worm and worm wheel
forming part of said connecting mechanism, whereby the carriage may be moved
along the rails and will be locked in position wherever stopped, substantially as
set forth.
89. In a press, the combination of a movable carriage, rails along which the
carriage is adapted to move, an electric motor thereon for driving the carriage, a
circuit through the motor, normally broken, a circuit controller therein, normally
open, an operating circuit, an electro-magnet therein for closing the circuit con-
troller of the first circuit, means for making or breaking the operating circuit at
will, a catch for holding said circuit controller in its closed position, a releasing
circuit, an electro-magnet therein adapted to withdraw the catch from its operative
position when the releasing magnet is energized, and means for making and
breaking the releasing circuit at will, whereby the carriage may be moved along
the rails and may be stopped at will.
90. In a press, the combination of a movable carriage, rails along which the
carriage is adapted to move, an electric motor thereon for driving the carriage, a
circuit through the motor, normally broken, containing a reversing switch, a circuit
controller therein, normally open, an operating circuit, an electro-magnet therein
for controlling the circuit controller of the first circuit, and means for making and
breaking the operating circuit at will, whereby the carriage may be moved along
the rails at will.
91. In a press, the combination of a movable carriage, hoisting arms connected
therewith and means for operating said arms, rails along which the carriage is
adapted to move, an electric motor thereon for driving the carriage, a circuit
through the motor, normally broken, a circuit controller therein, normally open, an
operating circuit, an electro-magnet therein for controlling the circuit controller of
the first circuit, and means for making and breaking the operating circuit at will,
whereby the carriage may be moved along the rails at will.
92. In a press, the combination of a movable carriage, rails along which the
carriage is adapted to move, an electric motor connected with the carriage, con-
necting mechanism between the motor and the wheels of the carriage for imparting
motion to the carriage, an electric clutch forming part of said connecting mechanism
and adapted to cause the connecting mechanism to connect the motor operatively
with the wheels to drive them or to disconnect them, hoisting arms connected
with the carriage, connecting mechanism between the motor and the hoisting
arms for imparting motion to the latter to raise or lower them, an electric clutch
forming part of said connecting mechanism and adapted to cause the connecting
mechanism to connect the motor operatively with the hoisting arms to raise or
lower them or to disconnect them, a circuit through the electric motor and a
circuit through each of the electric clutches, a circuit controller in each of said
circuits, under the control of the operator, an operating circuit for each of said
circuits, an electro-magnet in each operating circuit for controlling the circuit
controller of the corresponding first circuit, and means for making and breaking
each of the operating circuits at will, a catch for holding each of said circuit con-
trollers in its closed position, a releasing circuit for each catch, an electro-magnet
in each releasing circuit adapted when energized to withdraw its catch to permit
the circuit controller of the corresponding first circuit to break said circuit,
whereby the carriage may be moved along the rails and the hoisting arms may
be raised or lowered at will.
93. In a press, the combination of a movable carriage, hoisting arms con-
nected therewith and means for operating said arms, rails along which the carriage
is adapted to move, a motor for driving the carriage, connecting mechanism
between the motor and the wheels of the carriage for imparting motion to the

page_text: carriage, an electric clutch forming part of said connecting mechanism and adapted.
to cause the said connecting mechanism to connect the motor operatively with the.
wheels to drive them or to disconnect them, a circuit through the electric clutch, a:
circuit controller therein, an operating circuit, an electro magnet therein for
closing the circuit controller of the first circuit, means for making and breaking:
the operating circuit at will, a catch for holding said circuit controller in its.
closed position, an electro-magnet adapted when energized to withdraw the catch
to permit the circuit controller of the first circuit to open to break said circuit, a.
releasing circuit through said electro-magnet, a contact point secured on the
carriage and forming part of said releasing circuit, one or more contact points
also in said circuit arranged along the rails at any desired point or points, all so
arranged that when the contact point en the carriage makes contact with any of
said contact points on the rails, the releasing circuit will be closed through said,
releasing magnet, whereby the carriage may be automatically stopped at a pre-
determined point.
}
94. In a press, the combination of a movable carriage, rails along which the
carriage is adapted to move, a motor, hoisting arms connected with the carriage,
connecting mechanism between the motor and the hoisting arms for imparting.
motion from the motor to the hoisting arms to raise or lower them, an electric.
clutch forming part of said connecting mechanism and adapted to cause the con-
necting mechanism to connect the motor operatively with the hoisting arms to
raise them or to lower them or disconnect them, a circuit through the electric
clutch, a circuit controller therein, an operating circuit, an electro-magnet therein
for controlling the circuit controller of the first circuit, and means for making
and breaking the operating circuit at will, a catch for holding said circuit con-
troller in its closed position, a releasing circuit, an electro-magnet therein adapted,
when energized, to withdraw the catch to permit the circuit controller of the first
circuit to open to break said circuit, a set of contact points in said releasing
circuit, one of said contact points being carried by one of the hoisting arms and
the other borne upon the framework of the carriage and so arranged that, when the'
hoisting arms are in their raised position, the two contact points will make con-
tact with each other to close the said releasing circuit, whereby the upward move-
ment of the hoisting arms will be automatically stopped at the proper point.
95. In combination with a press having a plurality of printing cylinders, a
standard, swinging heads secured to the standard and adapted to swing horizontally
thereon, and to move vertically thereon, and a plurality of receiving shafts secured
to said swinging heads, and adapted to register with the permanent shafts of the
printing cylinder and to receive and support form cylinders or printing tubes,"
whereby the form cylinders or printing tubes may readily and simultaneously be
removed from or be placed upon the permanent shafts of the printing cylinders,
substantially as set forth.
96. In combination with a press having a plurality of printing cylinders, a
standard, brackets secured to the standard and moving vertically thereon, means
for moving the brackets vertically, swinging heads mounted upon the brackets and
adapted to swing horizontally thereon, and a plurality of receiving shafts secured.
to said swinging heads and adapted to receive and support form cylinders or
printing tubes, whereby the receiving shafts may be caused to register with the
permanent shafts of the printing cylinders, and the form cylinders or printing"
tubes may readily and simultaneously be removed from or be placed upon, the per-
manent shafts of the printing cylinders, substantially as set forth.
97. The combination in a lithographic printing press, with an impression
cylinder and a printing cylinder adapted to print lithographically upon one side of
a continuous web, of an impression cylinder and a printing cylinder adapted and,
arranged to print upon the reverse side of said web, substantially as set forth.
98. The combination of an impression cylinder and a printing cylinder adapted,
and arranged to print upon the back of a continuous web, with an impression
cylinder and a printing cylinder of a lithographic printing press, arranged and'

page_text: adapted to print lithographically upon the face of said continuous web, and an off-
setting roll to take the off-set from the back of the continuous web, substantially
as set forth.
99. In a multicolor press, the combination, substantially as described, with
a suitable impression surface and a series of suitable printing surfaces, of an inking.
mechanism including a series of ink fountains near their respective printing sur-
faces, a fountain for each separate colored ink to be printed by a printing surface,
and a series of groups of intervening ink-carrying and distributing rollers, a series
of distant ink reservoirs, one for each fountain, and a series of systems of connect-
ing ink ducts, there being a system connecting each reservoir with its ink fountain,
said fountains being grouped together whereby the various colored inks may be
blended or mixed and supplied to the ink fountains as required under the care of
one person from a single place.
.
100. In a multicolor press, the combination, substantially as described, with a
suitable impression surface and a series of suitable printing surfaces, of an inking
mechanism including a series of air-tight ink fountains near their respective
printing surfaces, a fountain for each separate colored ink to be printed by a
printing surface, and a series of groups of intervening ink-carrying and dis-
tributing rollers, a series of distant ink reservoirs, each reservoir being provided
with a separate ink forcing device, one for each fountain, and a series of systems
of connecting air tight ink ducts, there being a system connecting each reservoir
with its ink fountain, said fountains being grouped together whereby the various
colored inks may be blended or mixed and supplied to the ink fountains as required
under the care of one person from a single place.
101. In a lithographic press, the combination, substantially as described, with.
suitable impression and printing surfaces, of a dampening mechanism including a
water-supply roller or fountain near the printing surface, and a group of inter-
vening water-carrying and distributing rollers, a common water pipe or device,
including a filter and separate water ducts connecting the common supply pipe.
with the water supply roller or fountain.
102. In a lithographic press, the combination, substantially as described, with
suitable impression and printing surfaces, of a dampening mechanism including a
water-supply roller or fountain near the printing surface, and a group of inter-
vening water-carrying and distributing rollers, a distant common water pipe or
device, and a system of connecting water ducts including a reversible pump.
103. In a printing press, the combination with a single impression drum having
a continuous impression surface of one or more rounded printing surfaces arranged
on the impression face of the drum, and a cylinder having a printing surface for
applying the bronze size arranged on the impression face of the drum, the printing
surfaces and the sizing cylinder being positively driven with the drum, and
mechanism for moving the same into and out of contact with the impression face of
the drum, said mechanism including a series of radial arms connected for opera-
tion with the printing surfaces and the sizing cylinder, and means for operating
said arms, and a bronzing and dusting attachment adapted to be attached to and
removed from the press so as to be brought into or out of operative relation with
the impression drum, and adapted to apply the bronze to and distribute it upon
the paper, and to remove the superfluous powder therefrom, while the
carried upon the single impression drum.
is
paper
104. In a printing press, the combination with a single impression drum having
a continuous impression surface of one or more rounded printing surfaces
arranged on the impression face of the drum, and a cylinder having a printing
surface for applying the bronze size arranged on the impression face of the drum,
the printing surfaces and the sizing cylinder being positively driven with the
drum, and a bronzing and dusting attachment adapted to be applied to the impres-
sion face of the drum, and mechanism for moving the printing surfaces, the sizing
cylinder and the bronzing and dusting devices into and out of contact with the
impression face of the drum, said mechanism including pressure arms operatively

page_text: connected with the printing surfaces, the sizing cylinder and the bronzing and
dusting attachment, means for moving the pressure arms in and out simul-
taneously, and gear connections on the bronzing and dusting attachment, adapted
to be driven by the impression drum when the attachment is in operative position
on the drum and adapted to drive the bronzing and dusting devices, substantially
as set forth.
105. In a printing press, the combination of a single impression drum having
a continuous impression surface, printing cylinders arranged around the impression
face of the drum, a sizing cylinder having a continuous printing surface for apply-
ing bronze size arranged upon the impression face of the drum, gearing between.
the said cylinders and the drum whereby they are driven positively with the drum,
boxes at the ends of the printing and sizing cylinders having bearings in which
said cylinders turn, a bronzing attachment, a dusting attachment, supporting arms
projecting from the ends of the bronzing and dusting attachments, ways in the
frame of the machine in which the boxes and supporting arms move, radial arms
connected with said boxes and supporting arms, means for adjusting the position
of the boxes and supporting armis on the radial arms, means for operating said
radial arms, and gear connections between the bronzing and dusting attachments
and the cylinder, substantially as set forth.
106. In the bronzing device of a press, the combination of means for applying
the power to the material, and one or more distributing belts having a surface of
fur or other suitable material, rollers upon which each belt is carried and with
which it revolves, and means for giving the rollers and the belts an oscillating.
crank movement over the surface of the material to be bronzed, substantially as
set forth.
107. In a press, the combination with an impression drum and a suitable device
for applying the bronze, of a dusting device consisting of two closed compart-
ments, one compartment being provided with one or more dusting rollers adapted
to revolve in said compartment and to bear against the impression drum, and the
other compartment being provided with a roller having a surface of felt or similar
material adapted to bear against the impression drum, an exhausting device, and
pipes leading from the compartments to the exhausting device, substantially as
set forth.
108. The combination with a printing press and its guiding rollers, of slitters
for trimming the sheet, substantially as set forth.
109. The combination with the drum of a printing press, of grippers mounted
upon a sprocket chain adapted to grip and carry the paper web and deliver the
same, gearing for driving said sprocket chain, cams for moving said grippers to
enable them to seize the paper web, revolving knives to cut said web into sheets,
cams to open said grippers to cause them to release their hold upon the paper
sheets, and endless tapes for delivering the sheets, moving at a greater rate of
speed than that of the paper web, substantially as set forth.
110. A gripper for seizing and carrying the paper in a printing press composed
of a fixed jaw and a movable jaw, the latter adapted, when acted upon by suitable
cam surfaces, to separate from the stationary jaw and then to turn sideways from
underneath the paper to permit its escape, substantially as set forth.
111. The combination, with the discharge, or delivery, mechanism of a printing
press, of an enclosed heater box having asbestos lined walls and lid, endless
carrier tapes passing through the box and adapted to receive and carry through the
box the web or sheets from the press, electric heating tubes for heating the heater
box, suitable electric connections with said tubes, and delivery tapes adapted to
receive the web or sheets from the carrier tapes and to deliver the same substan-
tially as set forth.
112. In a multicolor press, the combination of a series of impression drums
each having a circumferentially continuous uniformly elastic impression surface,
of a series of uniform printing forms having circumferentially continuous
cylindrical printing surfaces, mechanism to move the printing surfaces toward and

page_text: from the impression surfaces and to move the printing surfaces into, and hold
them in, printing contact with the impression drums in accurate and permanent
relationship each printing surface to all the others, a series of inking mechanisms,
one for each printing surface, each inking mechanism including a group of ink
distributing rollers, and mechanism to move them toward and from the printing
surfaces, and suitable paper supplying and delivering devices for supplying
paper on a web, substantially as described.
113. In a multicolor lithographic press, the combination with a series of
impression drums each having a circumferentially continuous uniformly elastic
impression surface, of a series of uniform printing forms having circumferentially
continuous cylindrical printing surfaces, mechanism to move the printing surfaces
toward and from the impression surfaces and to move the printing surfaces into,
and hold them in, printing contact with the impression drums in accurate and per-
manent relationship each printing surface to all the others, a series of inking
mechanisms, one for each printing surface, each inking mechanism including a
group of ink distributing rollers, and mechanism to move them toward and from
the printing surfaces, and a series of dampening mechanisms, one for each printing
surface, each dampening mechanism including a group of water distributing
rollers and mechanism to move them toward and from the printing surface, and
suitable paper-supplying and delivering devices for supplying paper on a web,
substantially as described.
114. The combination with an interior form support, of an exterior curved cir-
cumferentially discontinuous inflexible printing form constructed interiorly to fit
the support and removable therefrom and of exterior planographic surface suitable
to receive a design as by the lithographic process of transferring and to be there-
after developed by etching or in any other suitable manner into a printing surface
for that design of the character desired.
115. The combination with an interior form support, of an exterior curved
circumferentially discontinuous inflexible printing form constructed internally to
fit the support and removable therefrom and of exterior planographic surface suit-
able to receive a design as by the lithographic process of transferring and to be
thereafter developed by etching or other suitable manner into a printing surface
for that design of the character desired, the printing form being composite and
consisting of an inner strengthening base and an outer printing surface of different
material from the base but integral therewith.
116. The combination with an interior form support, of an exterior curved
circumferentially discontinuous inflexible printing form constructed interiorly to
fit the support and removable therefrom and of exterior electrolytically deposited
zinc planographic surface suitable to receive a design as by the lithographic pro-
cess of transferring and to be thereafter developed by etching or in other suitable
manner into a printing surface for that design of the character desired, the print-
ing form being composite and consisting of an inner strengthening base faced
exteriorly with copper and an outer printing surface of electrolytically deposited
zinc.
117. In a printing press, the combination with an interior form support, of an
exterior curved circumferentially discontinuous inflexible printing form applicable
to and removable from the support, the printing form being composite and consist-
ing of an inner inflexible curved base containing aluminum permanently adapted to
fit the interior support and a zinc surface formed on or applied to the curved base
and integral therewith, substantially as described.
118. In a printing press, the combination with an interior form support, of an
exterior curved circumferentially discontinuous inflexible printing form applicable
to and removable from the support, the printing form being composite and consist-
ing of an inner inflexible curved base of aluminum faced exteriorly with copper
and permanently adapted to fit the interior support and a zinc printing surface
electrolytically deposited on the curved base and integral therewith, substantially
as described.

page_text: 119. In a printing press, the combination with an impression drum having a
series of discontinuous impression surfaces and with a series of inking mechanisms,
of a series of interior form supports and a series of exterior curved circum-
ferentially discontinuous inflexible printing forms, each form applicable to and
removable from its support and adjustable longitudinally and circumferentially,
the printing forms being composite and consisting of an inner inflexible curved
base permanently adapted to fit the interior support and a printing surface of
different material formed on or applied to the curved base and integral therewith,
the printing forms being arranged on the impression face of the drum and rotating
positively therewith, substantially as described.
120. In a planographic printing press, the combination with a suitable impres-
sion surface and a series of inking and dampening mechanisms, of a series of
interior form supports and a series of exterior curved circumferentially discon-
tinuous inflexible printing forms, each form applicable to and removable from its
support and adjustable longitudinally and circumferentially, the printing forms
being composite and consisting of an inner inflexible curved base of aluminum
faced exteriorly with copper and permanently adapted to fit the interior support,
and a thin planographic zinc printing surface electrolytically deposited on the
curved base and integral therewith, substantially as described.
121. The method of and apparatus for casting a hollow zine printing tube sub-
stantially as herein described and shown in Fig. 94.
122. The method of and apparatus for casting a thin exterior zinc printing
surface upon a suitable hollow strengthening base substantially as described herein
and shown in Fig. 94.
123. The combination with the paper-carrying surface, of paper-holding
grippers mounted at the sides thereof, and provided with heads to overlap the
paper, said grippers having a slotted and pivoted mounting and having springs to
hold the heads inward over the paper and down on the paper, and cams fixed in the
frame of the machine and arranged in the path of the grippers and adapted first to
raise the grippers in their slots and the heads of the grippers from the paper and
then to swing the grippers on their pivots and the heads of the grippers outwardly
from over the paper, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 21st day of November 1899.