IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES AND STOPPERS, AND IN THE APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING THE BOTTLE NECK
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Specht, of Hamburg, Civil Engineer, of the
Firm of Specht, Ziese, & Co., Patent Agents, of Hamburg, Germany, for an
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES AND STOPPERS, AND IN THE
APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING THE BOTTLE NECK." A communication by
Constantin Richter, of Hamburg.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Specht at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th January 1880.
ALEXANDER SPECHT, of Hamburg, Civil Engineer, of the Firm of Specht, Ziese,
& Co., Patent Agents, of Hamburg, Germany. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES
AND STOPPERS, AND IN THE APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING THE BOTTLE NECK."
[A communication by Constantin Richter, of Hamburg.]
The nature of this Invention consists in the manufacture of a bottle neck suitable
to the reception of a stopper, as shown in Figures 7 and 8 of the Drawing annexed,
and in an apparatus by means of which the bottle mouth neck may obtain this
suitable form.
The stopper, as shown, consists of glass or china, and has two studs a and a¹
fixed on it opposite to each other.
A rubber ring b just below the head of the stopper serves to close the mouth of
the bottle hermetically.
When the stopper is introduced into the bottle mouth the studs a and a' are
guided in two grooves c, cl, in the neck (the manufacturing of these grooves shall
be described afterwards), and by turning the stopper about 90° the rubber ring is
pressed tight against the mouth of the bottle and the stopper kept in its place.
The formation of these grooves is performed by means of the apparatus shown
in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 of the Drawing.
It consists of a mandril z, partly hollow, made according to the form of the bottle
neck. Inside this mandril two hook shaped knives or stamps d, d', are movable
round fulcrums e, e¹. The mandril z with the stamps may freely turn round on a
rod f, which is fixed in the centre of a spring bow or a sort of tongue.
The two ends of this tongue are bent upwards and two rollers are fixed on them.
By means of these the outside form of the bottle mouth is formed.

page_text: The manipulation of this apparatus is as follows:-The mandril z is introduced
into the neck of the bottle when yet soft and the tongue compressed.
The connecting rods g and g' lift now the spindle h. This spindle has two small
cones i and attached to it, and acts by means of these on the hook shaped
stamps inside the mandril z. The stamps d and d¹ are pressed outwards and enter
into the soft glass forming in this manner two grooves accordingly to their shape
and directly opposite to each other.
The two rollers on the top of the tongue press at the same time against the
outer lug of glass on the mouth of the bottle, and by turning the latter the outside
form is given to the bottle neck. The mandril z at the same time is kept in
position by the projecting stamps, and turns in a groove of the cross piece n in the
axis of rod f. By releasing the pressure on the tongue the rollers part asunder.
The cone causes the stamps to move inwards, and mandril z can be withdrawn
from the mouth of the bottle.
The cone and the nut for the connecting rods g, g', can be adjusted on
spindle h, and by means of this the depth of the grooves in the bottle neck may be
made varible.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Alexander Specht in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd July
1880.
ALEXANDER SPECHT, of Hamburg, Civil Engineer, of the Firm of Specht, Ziese,
and Co., Patent Agents, of Hamburg, Germany. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES
AND STOPPERS, AND IN THE APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING THE BOTTLE NECK."
A communication by Constantin Richter, of Hamburg.
The nature of this Invention consists in the manufacture of a bottle neck suitable
to the reception of a stopper, as shown in Figures 7 and 8 of the Drawings, and in
an apparatus by means of which the bottle mouth may obtain this suitable form.
The stopper, as shown, consists of glass or china, and has two studs a and a¹ fixed
on it opposite to each other.
A rubber ring b just below the head of the stopper serves to close the mouth of
the bottle hermetically.
When the stopper is introduced into the bottle mouth the studs a and a¹ are
guided in the neck in two grooves c, c³, (the manufacturing of these grooves will
be described afterwards), and by turning the stopper about 90° the rubber ring
is pressed tightly against the mouth of the bottle and the stopper kept in its
place.
The formation of these grooves is performed by means of the apparatus shown in
Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 of the Drawings.
It consists of a mandril z, partly hollow, made according to the form of the bottle
neck. Inside this mandril two hook shaped knives or stamps d, d', are movable
round centres e and e¹.
These hook shaped stamps may be rectangular, as shown in Figure 3ª, or the
outer ends may form parts of a double threaded screw, as shown in Figure 3b. In
the first case the stopper has to be pressed into the bottle neck and then turned
round (Figure 6); in the second case the turning only will tighten the stopper
against the mouth of the bottle (Figure 9). The mandril z with the stamps may
freely turn round on a rod f, which is fixed in the centre of a spring bow or a sort
of tongue. The two ends of this tongue are bent upwards, and two rollers are
fixed on them. By means of these the outside form of the bottle mouth is
formed.
The maipulation of this apparatus is as follows:-'
-The mandril z is introduced
into the neck of the bottle when still soft, and the tongue pressed together.
The connecting rods g and g¹ lift now the spindle h. This spindle has two small
cones i and attached to it, and acts by means of these on the hook shaped stamps
inside the mandril z. The stamps d and d are pressed outwards and enter into
the soft glass, forming in this manner two grooves according to their shape and
directly opposite to each other.
The two rollers on the top of the procellus press at the same time against the
outer lug of glass on the mouth of the bottle, and by turning the latter the outside
form is given; the mandril z at the same time is kept in position by the projecting
stamps and turns round on rod f.
By releasing the pressure on the procellus the rollers part assunder. The cone i
causes the stamps to move inwards, and the mandril z can be withdrawn from the
mouth of the bottle.
The cone i and the nut for the connecting rods g, g¹, can be adjusted on the
spindle h, and by means of this the depth of the grooves in the bottle neck may be
made variable.
Having now described and particularly set forth the nature of the said Invention,
and the manner of carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that
what I claim is,―
1stly. A stopper for bottles with studs a, a³, attached, as shown in Figures 7
and 8, substantially as described.

page_text: 2ndly. An apparatus for manufacturing the grooves in a bottle mouth suitable
for the reception of these stoppers, with particular regard to the movable mandril
and to the combination of mechanism for effecting the cutting of these grooves, either
in the manner as shown in Figure 3ª or as shown in Figure 3b, substantially as
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Specht, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Seventeenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
ALEXANDER SPECHT. (L.S.)