IMPROVEMENTS IN JAPANNING LEATHER AND OTHER FABRICS
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents,
00, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughts
man, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN JAPANNING LEATHER AND
OTHER FABRICS."-A communication.
Lane,
County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughts-
man, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN JAPANNING LEATHER AND
OTHER FABRICS."-A communication.
Sealed the 10th June 1854, and dated the 22nd March 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd March 1854.
1, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN JAPANNING LEATHER AND
OTHER FABRICS" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates, firstly, to the preparation of the leather after it has
been tanned, so that it can be toughened to endure without deterioration the
heat to which it is subjected during the process of japanning. This improved
process of preparing the leather to endure the great degree of heat above
referred to consists in subjecting it to the influence of certain solutions, applied.
by immersion, or by the employment of brushes or otherwise, or of certain
prepared gases introduced in ovens containing the leather, which solutions or
gases will have the effect of opening the pores of the leather to the action of
sulphur, or any preparation of sulphur, or any proper alkalies, so that the
leather may be enabled to endure the greater degree of heat above referred to.
This opening of the pores may be effected by a solution of borax, nitrate of
potash, salts, japonica, or any equivalents for the same, and the sulphur or any

page_text: the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great"
Seal Patent Office, within six calendar months next, and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent:
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*NOW KNOW YE, that I; the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention; and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):
In the preparation of japan or patent leather by the modes hitherto prac
tised, it has been the custom to apply the varnish to the surface of the leather
as it comes from the hands of the tanner, and then to subject the leather, after!
the application of each succeeding coat of varnish, to as high a degree of heat
as it will bear: The heat thus applied, without any previous preparation of
the leather save that of tanning, has had the effect to 'rot or injuriously affect
the fibre of the leather; and in order in a measure to guard against this rotting
effect, the degree of heat applied has almost always been kept within about
one hundred and sixty degrees Fahrenheit, which does not sufficiently indurate
the varnish to make it stand every variety of climate.
Now, the first part of this Invention, as communicated to me by my foreign"
correspondent, has for its object the preparation of the leather after it has
been tanned to enable it to endure without deterioration a much greater degree
of heat than has 'heretofore been employed in the process of japanning,
whereby the varnish applied may be rendered capable of resisting the action of
all climates.
This Invention relates, secondly, to a mode of qualifying 'the character of
the varnish.
0
المرة الأوبرا
The process of preparing leather to endure a great degree of heat consists
in subjecting it to the influence of certain solutions. applied by immersion, or
by brushes, or otherwise, or to the action of certain gasés introduced into ovens
containing the leather, which solutions or gases will have the effect of opening
the pores of the leather to the action of sulphur, or any preparation of sulphur,
or any proper alkali.
.4
This opening of the pores of the leather may be effected by impregnating it
with a solution of borax, nitrate of potash, japonica, or any equivalents for the
same, combined with sulphur, or any preparation of the same, or the sulphur
may be applied as a gas in ovens or closed chambers. By this treatment the
leather will be enabled to endure without deterioration a temperature equal to
and even exceeding two hundred and thirty degrees Fahrenheit.
The varnish ordinarily used in japanning leather is composed of oil, amber,
Prussian blue, litharge; white lead, ochre, whiting, asphalte, and sometimes
gum

page_text: copal: Now, the improvement in the varnish, which forms the second head of
this Invention, and which permits of the application of a degree of heat that
will enable it to withstand the effects of any climate, consists in combining with
any preparation of these materials india-rubber, gutta percha, or any other
elastic gum, rosin, tar, and sulphur, or any preparation of the same.
These ingredients of elastic gums, rosin, &c., last enumerated, may be com-
bined with the solution for preparing or toughening the fibre of the leather
herein-above referred to, but it is found preferable to combine them with the
varnish as specified, as by so doing the cracking of the varnish is more effectually
prevented.
This varnish may be applied to cloth, or any other suitable fabric, by any of
the well-known processes, and a japanned surface may be formed upon the
same, not liable to crack like that prepared with the varnishes heretofore
known or used.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of "Improvements in
Japanning Leather and other Fabrics," as communicated to me by my foreign
correspondent, and explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I
wish it to be understood, that under the above in part recited Letters Patent,
I claim opening the pores of the leather by impregnating the same with sulphur
or any preparation of the same; whether in the form of a liquid solution or in
a gaseous state, for the purpose of preparing the leather for enduring a great
degree of heat, and toughening the fibre of the same. I also claim combining
sulphur with the varnish or toughening liquid solution, as specified, and
india-rubber or gutta percha, or other elastic gum, rosin, or tar, for the purpose
specified.
In witness whereof, I; the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Twenty-second day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Witness,
FRED. WALKDEN,
66, Chancery Lane.
A. V. NEWTON. (L.S.)