IMPROVED MEANS OR APPLIANCES FOR FACILITATING THE TRANSIT AND APPLICATION OF CALORIC; ALSO FOR MIXING CALORIC WITH AIR, WATER, AND OTHER FLUIDS AND GASES; ALSO FOR ECONOMIZING THE CONSUMPTION OF FUEL, CONSUMING SMOKE, GENERATING STEAM, AND INCREASING AND DISTRIBUTING HEAT, AND FOR REFRIGERATING PURPOSES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Hydes and Joseph
Bennett at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 28th January 1868.
We, THOMAS HYDES, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Ironmonger,
and JOSEPH BENNETT, of Sheffield, aforesaid, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS OR APPLIANCES
FOR FACILITATING THE TRANSIT AND APPLICATION OF CALORIC; ALSO FOR MIXING
CALORIC WITH AIR, WATER, AND OTHER FLUIDS AND GASES; ALSO FOR ECONOMIZING
THE CONSUMPTION OF FUEL, CONSUMING SMOKE, GENERATING STEAM, AND
INCREASING AND DISTRIBUTING HEAT, AND FOR REFRIGERATING PURPOSES," to be
as follows:-
This Invention consists, first, in the application of guides or channels
to direct hot gases or fluids to the surface of their containers, such as
flues, tubes, or other channels, for the purpose of more fully developing
and absorbing the caloric from the gases or fluids and using the same
for any specified purpose, which caloric would otherwise be lost by
passing away through the body or central part of the flues or tubes.
Secondly. In applying on each or only on one side of a partition
(situated between hot and cold) guides or channels through which air,

page_text: fluids, or gases are guided in parallel lines or nearly so, or in cross
lines and in constantly circulating streams which pass instantaneously
within the most effective distance over and entirely cover the whole
surface of the said partition intended to be acted upon for the purpose
of transferring their heat or caloric from one fluid to any other fluid.
Thirdly. In passing hot liquids through flues or tubes and by
directing cold air or water against the outer or cold side of the afore-
said partition to cool the said liquids, and thereby operate as a
refrigerator.
The following is an example of the means by which the above objects
may be accomplished. And we would here remark that according to
the contrivances or arrangements in known and common use for
heating air, fluids, and gases, great part of the heat passes off into the
atmosphere without having fulfilled the purpose for which the fire
was made. Now this Invention is intended to arrest and utilize nearly
all this lost heat. We propose to construct an upright flue or duct
of metal or other suitable material communicating with the flue of a
furnace, and one part of the said flue or duct we form enclosed, and
against the outer surface of one side or portion thereof according to
the shape of the said flue or duct we attach guides or channels of
any desired shape with openings therein for directing cold air or water
against such said surface. We also fix guides in the enclosed part of
such said flue or duct, the said guides being formed with horizontal
partitions across them for arresting the direct passage of the heated
air, fluids, or gasses over and through them, and thereby causing them
to pass under the edges of the said guides and pass thence against the
surface of the cooled partition of the flue or duct and through and
between the other halves of the guides situated at the other sides of
their respective horizontal partition, and so on through each set of
guides, there being several sets fixed in the closed flue or duct.
The heat thus collected on the cooled side of the partition may be
directed as required and then utilized instead of being dissipated and
lost.
We now proceed to describe the manner of consuming smoke
according to this Invention. To consume the smoke from a boiler
furnace, for example, we insert a plate or plates of iron or other suitable
materials in the flues between the boiler and the chimney stack, and
where the boiler flues terminate we place our aforesaid guides on each

page_text: side of the said plates. We cause the heated gases to pass through
the said guides on one side of the said plates so as to press upon and
against the surface thereof. On the other side of the said plates we
cause air intermixed with steam, waste steam, or hydrogen in any form,
which air pressing upon the opposite or colder side of the said plates
takes hold of the heat, waste, or cooled gases which pass from the boiler
furnace, and we cause such heated air and hydrogen to pass to the
boiler furnace and guide it into contact with the burning mass therein,
supplying it with an extra charge of hot oxygen, hydrogen, and their
quota of nitrogen, thereby increasing the quantity of latent heat evolved,
and by these means consuming the smoke.
To apply the above system to hot air stoves and Cornish boilers wo
proceed as follows:-We arrange the sets of guides both in the pipe
or flue of the stove and around the outside thereof, and for Cornish
boilers we fix the guides in the tube thereof beyond the bridge of the
furnace.