Improvements in Ships' Rudders.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Aug., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 2nd May, 1890-Accepted, 9th Aug., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ships' Rudders.
JAMES BAINES CULLEN 104 Wood Street Liverpool Millwright Ships Carpenter
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention enables the comander or parties in charge to remove a disabled
rudder whilst at sea & to replace it by a spare one which ought to be carried by every
ship.
The improvements is in the fastenings or hinges of the rudder whereby placing the
rudder in a certain position & removing a small bolt allows the disabled rudder to be
drawn up through a place in the deck & the spare one to be shiped in its place & is
secured by the small bolt.
The chief points consists in eye bolt or C clipse it being in the form of the letter
another point consists in the grooved rudder or stern post-another consists in the open
spaces in the rudder or stern post thus allowing the rudder to work another consists
in allowing the rudder head to be detached from the screwe by means of pins thus
allowing the rudder to go through C clipse or grove bolt.
Dated this 31st day of July 1889
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ships' Rudders.
I, JAMES BAINES CULLEN of 104 Wood Street Liverpool in the County of Lancaster
Millwright and Carpenter do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in ships' rudders and in the arrangements
for mounting the same, and it has for its object the affording of facilities whereby the
rudder may be shipped or unshipped at sea-as in cases of damage requiring repairs
or replacement without the necessity of sending men overboard.
The manner in which I carry my invention into effect may be understood from
the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings in
which,
Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, of the stern of a vessel showing my
improved rudder in position.
Figures 2 & 3 are respectively sections on a & y y figure 1,
Figure 4 is a plan of the underside of the collar K shown in Figure 1,
Figure 5 shows an alternative arrangement for mounting the rudder.
Referring first to figures 1 to 4,
In these A is the stern of the vessel, B is the stern post, C the rudder, D the
rudder well, and E the wheel or tiller house whence the rudder may be worked from
the rear of the same.
.
The
The rudder is mounted upon the stern post in suitable eyes F G which, especially
in the case of wooden ships, may be furnished with straps for attachment to the said
post as shown. The lowermost eye F, called hereinafter the "heel socket," is adapted
to receive the beel C of the rudder, which is by preferenca tapered as shown to
facilitate its passage through the eyes G, and its entrance into the socket F.
eyes G, called hereinafter "C-clips," are slotted longitudinally as at g to permit of
the passage of the rudder blade. In order to reduce as far as practicable the width
of the slots, and to thus afford as great a bearing as possible within the C-clips for
the shaft or pintle C of the rudder, the blade of the latter is reduced in thickness,
as at C, to as great an extent as is consistent with the strength of the rudder. It is
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page_text: D
also desirable to form a groove along the stern post within which the rudder pintle
may work, as shown at b. Openings H are formed in the reduced portion C³ of the
rudder blade through which the C-clips pass as the rudder swings to one side or
the other.
The weight of the rudder may be borne in any snitable manner.
In the arrange-
ment shown, the weight is borne by the upper faces of the heel socket F, and of
the uppermost C-clip G, the rudder pintle being enlarged at this latter point so as
to form a broad bearing shoulder C¹.
This enlarged portion is continued upwards to form the rudder head J, which may
be provided with any suitable tiller device, whereby the rudder may be worked
either by hand or power The connections between the steering gear and the rudder
head are so arranged, however, that the said gear can be readily detached from the
rud fer head, when the rudder has to be unshipped. In the drawing I have simply
shown the head J provided with a hole for the insertion of an ordinary hand tiller,
which can be operated by the steersman from the rear of the head.
To prevent any upward movement of the rudder, a plate or collar K, Figures 1
and 4, secured to the deck or other convenient part of the vessel, is arranged to fit
into an annular groove on the head, or against a shoul ler or collar formed thereon
below the plate. To facilitate the unshipping of the rudder, it is preferable to make
the coll K in two pieces which can be swung back at a moment's notice upon a
pivot or pivots k, as shown in Figure 4. The collar may be secured in position when
closed by any suitable fastening device such as a hasp k and pin k².
The rudder well is covered by a plate or hatch d fastened down in any convenient
way, and formed in two pieces which meet at or about the centre of the rudder
head.
To unship the rudder, the above hatch is removed, the collar K opened, and the
rudder drawn up the well, suitable tackle being employed in the case of a large
rudder. The rudder may now be repaired or may be replaced by a spare one, carried
on board for cases of emergency. In shipping the rudder it is only necessary to enter
the tapered heel C₁ into the uppermost C-clip G and to lower the rudder into position,
keeping it as nearly as possible vertical. The collar K is then replaced and fastened
and the hatch d secured in position.
In a modification of the invention shown in Figure 5, the C-clips G are attached to
the udder blade and work on an upright rod B₁ attached to the stern post or
itself forming a part of the stern post, the material adjacent to the rod being of
a reduced thickness to permit of its passage through the clips slots aforesaid.
Openings H similar to the holes H in the rudder blade shown in Figure I, are
also formed in this reduced part to permit of the swinging of the rudder.
modification is more especially applicable to iron ships.
This
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
The improvement in ships' rudders which consists in furnishing the edge of the
rudder (or of the stern post) with a continuous bearing shaft or pintle, such as C3,
adapted to work in a sufficient number of bearing eyes such as G, on the stern post
(or rudder), the said eyes being slotted as described to permit of the passage there-
through longitudinally of that part of the rudder blade (or stern post) adjacent to
the antle, and said part of the rudder blade (or stern post) being provided with
holes which permit the swinging of the rudder round the eyes, substantially as and
for the purpose described.
Dated this 1st day of May 1800
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of Liverpool, Manchester, and London, Patent Agents.