Improvements relating to Pulverizers or Disintegrators and to. Means for Separating or Sorting Pulverized or Disintegrated Materials.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd June, 1887
Complete Left, 23rd Feb., 1888
Complete Accepted, 29th Mar., 1888
Improvements relating to Pulverizers or Disintegrators and to.
Means for Separating or Sorting Pulverized or Disintegrated
Materials.
1, GILBERT LITTLE of 59 Mark Lane, in the City of London, Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to pulverizers or disintegrators, and to means for separating
pulverized or disintegrated materials.
One object of my said invention is to utilize the air-pressure produced by the
rotation of the beaters in disintegrators or pulverizers, for separating the pulverized
or disintegrated material and thus avoid the back pressure usually produced in
apparatus of this kind.
My invention moreover comprises various other improvements hereinafter set
forth.
In applying my present improvements to a disintegrator, I form an opening in the
bottom of the disintegrating chamber through which the current of air caused by the
rapid rotation of the beaters is forced into a separating chamber formed on or connected
to the bottom of the said disintegrating chamber.
This disintegrating chamber is moreover provided with an opening around or near
the axis thereof, which communicates with another part of the separating chamber.
The rotation of the beaters will therefore cause a continuous current through the
separating chamber.
The said separating chamber is formed with an inverted V-shaped or any other
suitable shaped bottom and with one or more inclined screws or partitions which
extend from the bottom of the disintegrating chamber to within a short distance of the
bottom of the operating chamber, thus forming two or more compartments which
communicate with each other through the openings left between the said bottom and
the partitions. The said inverted V-shaped bottom, together with the walls of the
separating chamber, will form receptacles for the ground products, the coarser particles
of which will fall by gravity into one side, while the fine particles will be carried by

page_text: the force of the air through the opening or openings in the partition or partitions into
the other compartment or compartments. Each of the aforesaid compartments is
provided with a spout or chute regulated by means of an automatic door by which the
ground material may be taken away. The coarser particles may, if desired, be elevated
by a conveyor or otherwise and again delivered to the disintegrator to be still further
reduced.
By thus converting the air-currents generated in the disintegrating chamber into
a continuously circulating current as above described, I obviate the back-pressure
which so seriously interferes with the effective working of the disintegrators heretofore
used, and I thus effect a great saving in the driving power required.
In some instances when it is desired to utilize the air current as a separator in
connection with other kinds of grinding machinery a hopper is secured to the upper
part of the separating chamber and communicates through a pipe or chute with the
chamber of the grinding mill or other machine. The said hopper is provided with an
opening at the bottom to allow the material to fall into the separating chamber. The
bottom of the separating chamber is, moreover provided with inclined plates which,
together with the sides of the said chamber, form receptacles for the ground products.
Each of these receptacles is provided with a door or spout to empty the said receptacles
when required.
1 employ, in combination with the said separating chamber, a fan or blower, the
current of air from which is introduced through the side of the outer chamber and
immediately in front of the opening between the hopper and the bottom of the
separating chamber, so that, when the ground, products fall from the said hopper,
the heavier particles thereof will fall by gravity upon the inclined plate directly below
it; the finer particles will, however, be forced by the current of air from the fan upon
other inclined plates in the rear of the aforesaid inclined plate. Consequently the
receptacle formed by the first inclined plate will contain the coarser particles while
the compartments formed by the succeeding plates will contain the finer particles.
I sometimes provide a deflector which is capable of adjustment to regulate the degree
of fineness of the particles separated.
The air after passing from the fan into the separating chamber is drawn through
another opening into the said fan, whereby a continuous current is maintained as long
as the fan is kept in operation.
The outer chamber is provided with a deflector plate where the current of air enters
the fan, to prevent any fine particles being carried by the air into the said fan.
Dated this 2nd low of Nov 1887
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements relating to Pulverizers or Disintegrators and to
Means for Separating or Sorting Pulverized or Disintegrated
Materials.
I GILBERT LITTLE, of 59 Mark Lane, in the City of London, Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to pulverizers or disintegrators and to means for sorting or
separating pulverized or disintegrated materials.
The main object of my said invention is to avoid or diminish the back pressure
which is produced by the revolving beaters in pulverizers or disintegrators as hitherto
constructed, and which seriously interferes with the efficient and economical working
of such apparatus.
For this purpose, I combine, with the disintegrating chamber, a return air-chamber
or circulating passage so that the pressure or currents of air generated in the said
disintegrating chamber by the rapid revolution of the beaters therein, will be converted
into a continuously circulating current thus effecting a considerable saving in the
power required to drive the machine.
I sometimes combine, with the disintegrating chamber a separating chamber so
arranged that the pressure or currents of air generated in the disintegrating chamber
and converted into a continuously circulating current will be utilized for sorting or
separating the pulverized or disintegrated material.
My said invention moreover comprises various other improvements hereinafter set
forth.
In the accompanying drawing I have shown how my said invention may be
conveniently and advantageously carried into practice.
Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in vertical section, of one form of my improved
pulverizer or disintegrator.
Figure 2 is a vertical central transverse section of the said pulverizer or disintegrator
showing also a separating chamber hereinafter described.
Figure 3 is a vertical longitudinal section showing a modification of my invention
hereinafter described.
Like letters indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawing.
A is the frame or casing of the apparatus, B is the disintegrating chamber, C is the
driving spindle and D is the disc, boss, or hub to which the beaters are attached. a is
a screen or a metal plate having apertures a through which the pulverized or
disintegrated material will pass into a suitable receptacle, and through which the
current of air generated by the beaters b will pass into the return air chamber c. This
air will then pass from the chamber c back to the said disintegrating chamber B through
holes or apertures d, and a continuous circulation of air will thus be maintained, and
back pressure entirely obviated or very greatly diminished. That part of the air,
chamber c situated above the driving spindle is preferably so constructed that it

page_text: can be easily removed if desired, thus enabling the operator to change the beaters or
clean out the machine without unfixing any other part of the same. This effects
a great saving of time over the old method of unshipping the periphery or upper
half.
If it is desired to utilize the current of air generated by the beaters b for separating
the pulverized materials, I sometimes employ a separating chamber e (figure 2) having
an inverted V-shaped bottom for a bottom otherwise suitably constructed and I
provide one or more deflector plates g extending from the bottom of the disintegrating
chamber B to within a short distance of the bottom f of the separating chamber e,
thus forming two or more compartiments e, e communicating with each other through
the opening left between the said bottom and the deflector plate g.
The compart-
ments e, e² are, moreover, provided with spouts or chutes h, h¹ governed by doors i, it
fitted with weights j, j so arranged that they will open automatically under a given
pressure from the inside.
I prefer to construct the arms or beaters of the grinding or disintegrating mill A
in such a manner that I am enabled to secure all the said arms or beaters b in the disc,
boss, or hub D by means of only three or other small number of bolts s. For this
purpose I make the said disc or hub D (which may be of cast iron or other suitable
metal) in two parts r, 1 one of which,, is much thicker than the other part 7¹ and is
formed with slots or recesses in one sido thereof. These slots or recesses b¹ are
adapted to receive the butt ends of the arms or beaters the said slots
made dovetail or wider at the ends next the centre of the disc or hub
ends next the periphery thereof, the butt ends of the beaters
corresponding form.
are moreover
D than at the
being made of
The outer ends of the said slots ₁ are made equal to or rather smaller than the
bodies or main portions of the arms or beaters b. Therefore when the said arms or
beaters are driven into the slots or recesses they are firmly secured in the disc or
hub D, and can only be withdrawn therefrom laterally, consequently the said arms or
beaters are securely held in place against the centrifugal force tending to cause
them to fly out of the slots or recesses. The slotted part of the disc or hub D is
made with a projecting boss 2 upon which the other part thereof (which is made in
the form of a ring) is adapted to fit so that it will hold the arms or beaters b firmly in
position and prevent any lateral displacement thereof. This ring or annular piece
is firmly secured to the slotted part by means of the bolts s which pass through holes
in the said two parts r, between the arms or beaters b. By these means, l'obviate
the necessity for fixing each arm or beater by two or more bolts as hereinbefore
practised; and I am enabled to firmly secure all the beaters in the disc or hub D by
means of only three or other small number of bolts.
I also provide separate wearing plates or pieces 63, which are secured to the outer
ends of the arms or beaters so that they can be readily removed and replaced when
esired: In this case instead of making the ends of the arms or beaters of increased
thickness as heretoforo practised I make the parts thereof which project beyond the
said disc or hub D of the same thickness throughout and I form a dovetail groove or
recess in each of the said arms or beaters b; into the said groove or recess,
insert a
wearing plate 62 of case-hardened iron or steel having a corresponding dovetail
projection and made of about the same width as the armi or beater. The said groove or
recess is preferably made taper so that the wearing plate may be driven tightly therein.
One or more bolts 63 are passed through the wearing plate 62 and through the arm or
beater to hold the said wearing plate 62 firmly in place. The heads of the said
bolts are fitted into recesses in the wearing plate 6 so as to present an even surface
to the material upon which the arms or beaters & have to operate.
12
The screens a may be composed of a series of transverse bars which are placed at a
greater or less distance apart according to the degree of fineness to which the grain or
other material is to be ground or reduced.
The said bars may be of square, triangular or other desirable shape in transverse
section and are placed in such positions that their edges are in proximity to the
extremities of the arms or beaters b as they rotate.

page_text: In order to roughen the side walls of the disintegrating chamber B I preferably
Gmploy chilled metal discs t which have a series of grooves or serrations formed in one
side. These chilled discs t are secured to the side walls of the said disintegrating
chamber B, or they may themselves constitute the said side walls. In either case they
are so arranged that they can be readily removed and replaced when worn.
The peripheral portions of the disintegrating chamber B are also sometimes made
in removable sections of cast iron or other metal so that the grinding surfaces can be
readily removed when required.
The operation of my improved pulverizer or disintegrator is as follows, that is to
say, the current of air generated by the rotation of the arms or beaters in the
disintegrating chamber B passes out through the apertures a provided in the screens
or plates a to the return air chamber c, and re-enters the said disintegrating chamber B
through the holes or apertures d as above stated.
When the current of air generated by the arms or beaters in the disintegrating
chamber is used for sorting or separating the ground material in a separating chamber,
the air current generated by the arms or beaters is forced through the apertures a¹
in the screens or metal plates a into the separating chamber e. The pulverized or
disintegrated material also passes through the apertures a¹ in the said screens or metal
plates a, the coarser particles falling into the compartment el by gravity, whilst the
finer particles are carried by the current of air past the deflector plate g into the
compartment e², or, if there are more than two compartments, into the said compartments
severally according to the weight of the particles. When the pressure due to the weight
of the ground material in either of the compartments el, e², is greater than the resistance
afforded by the counter balance weight or the door i or opens automatically, and thus
permits the discharge of a quantity of the ground material down the spout or chute h,
or . The current of air having performed this work passes through the separating
chamber and returns to the disintegrating chamber B, through the holes or apertures d
and a continuous circulating current is thus maintained through the said disintegrating
chamber B and separating chamber e.
k
Figure 3 shows another modification of my said invention; wherein the separating
chamber is adapted for use with other kinds of grinding machinery. A hopper k is
provided in the upper part of the separating chamber e, this hopper & communicates
through a pipe or chute 7 with the chamber of the grinding mill or other machine.
The bottom of the separating chamber e is moreover provided with inclined plates m,
m', which together with the sides of the said chamber e form receptacles e¹, e³, es,
for the ground products. These receptacles are provided with chutes h, h', h² and
doors i, having weights j, j, j similar to those hereinbefore described.
In combination with the said separating chamber e I sometimes employ a fan or
blower the air current from which is introduced through an aperture in the side
of the separating chamber e directly in front of the opening between the bottom of the
hopper and the inclined plate m in the bottom of the separating chamber e and
returns to the fan or blower through the aperture ³ thus producing a continuously
circulating current. The air current generated in any other machine available can
be employed in place of that produced by the fan or blower if desired.
I sometimes moreover provide a deflector plate o which is capable of adjustment so
as to regulate the degree of fineness of the particles separated, also a deflector plate p
in front of the aperture n² to prevent any fine particles being carried with the current
of air back into the fan n through the aperture n².
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I wish it understood that
I claim:
First. A pulveriser or disintegrator wherein provision is made for a continuous
circulation of the air set in motion by the revolution of the beaters, as, and, for the
purpose, above specified.
Second. The combination of a separating chamber with a pulverizer or disintegrator
in such a manner that the air set in motion by the revolution of the beaters will be

page_text: continuously circulated and utilized for the separationtof the pulvarized materials as
above specified.
Third. In my improved pulverizer or disintegrator the employment of a disc or hub
constructed in two parts and having dovetail slots or recesses to receive correspondingly
shaped arms or beaters, substantially as described.
Fourth. In my improved pulverizer or disintegrator, the employment of wearing.
plates or pieces fitted to the extremities of the arms or beaters, substantially as.
described.
Fifth. The improved pulverizer or disintegrator (with or without the separating
chamber) substantially as described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 of the
accompanying drawing.
Sixth. The modification of my invention substantially as described with reference
to Figure 3 of the accompanying drawing.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,.
Agents for the Applicant.