Improvements in Continuous Flow Syringes and the like.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 25th June, 1895-Accepted, 27th July, 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Continuous Flow Syringes and the like.
1, HENRY DOREMUS SMITH, of No. 292 Garside Street, Newark, County of
Essex, and State of New Jersey, United States of America, Inventor, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained, in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to that class of syringes, atomizers, or the like, operated by
means of an elastic bulb provided with an inlet tube for injecting the liquid into the
bulb, and an outlet tube communicating with the discharge nozzle, through which
the liquid is forced when the elastic bulb is compressed.
In the usual form of syringes, when constructed with the usual form of compressible
bulb and inlet and outlet tubes connected therewith, an intermittent stream is the
result when the syringe is operated, the flow of the liquid being stopped as the
compression bulb is expanding or refilling.
Such intermittent discharge from the nozzle of the syringe, is in many cases
very objectionable, when used by a patient, causing a painful sensation and perhaps
being dangerous to the patient. This form of construction also permits air to be
drawn back through the nozzle and outlet tube, which is objectionable.
To overcome these objectionable features is the main purpose of my invention,
the primary object being to produce, in connection with a flexible bulb and its
outlet tube, an expansible section or bulb, acting automatically in the manner
of a diaphragm pump, into which the liquid is forced to expand the same and will
automatically cause the production of a continuous flow from the nozzle of the
syringe.
A further object of the invention is to provide in connection with the usual
form of syringe, an expansible section or bulb for the purposes stated, which is
composed of separable sections, which, when the device is used, are secured
together to form a double-action bulb, but may be separated to enable the cleaning
and removal of any poisonous matter that may have become lodged in the parts
comprising my novel form of automatically operating expansion bulb or " pump"
of the syringe.
The invention therefore consists in the novel arrangement and combination of
parts to be hereinafter fully described and finally embodied in the clauses of the
claim.
In the drawings,
66
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a syringe comprising therein the usual form of
compression bulb and its inlet and outlet tubes, provided with my novel form of
automatically operating expansion bulb or "pump."
Figure 2 is a side view of the expansion bulb or pump," illustrating the
parts in their normal and inoperative positions, and Figure 3 is a like view
of the expansion bulb or "pump" with its half-sections expanded and in active
operation to automatically force the liquid in a continuous stream from the discharge
nozzle.
Figure 4 is a longitudinal vertical section of the parts illustrated in Figure 2,
and Figure 5 is a like section of the parts illustrated in Figure 3.
66
Figure 6 is a plan view of one of the half-sections of the expansion bulb or
pumin.
,,

page_text: "
Figure 7 is a side elevation of an expansion bulb or pump of a slightly
modified form of constrction, comprising therein; two half-sections, but only one
of which is expausible. These parts are illustrated in their normal and inoperative
position.
Figure 8 is a view similar to Figure 7, but illustrating the flexible half-section
expanded, and
Figure 9 is a longitudinal vertical section of the parts illustrated in said
Figure 7.
Similar letters of reference are employed in each of the above described views,
to indicate like parts.
In said drawings, A represents the compression bulb of the syringe, provided with
the inlet tube a and the outlet tube a', having any form of fitting b with any well
known form of valve b' therein.
C represents the automatic expansion bulb or "pump."
In Figures 2 to 6 inclusive, I have shown the peculiar construction of the parts
comprising the expansion bulb or pump C. The same cousists essentially, of two
half-sections c and e' which are of greater elasticity than the discharge tube a', so
that when the liquid is forced into the two half-sections c and c', secured together, as
will be fully described hereinafter, the reservoir formed by said sections will become
expanded by the pressure of the liquid which is forced into the same, while the
pressure from the expanded half-sections c and c¹ is of sufficient force to cause the
liquid to pass from the opening in the nozzle tube d in a continuous and
non-intermittent stream.
The valve c is of such a construction to permit the liquid to be forced into the
pump C when the bulb A is compressed but closes by the back pressure in the liquid
in the pump C, when said bulb A is returning to its original form.
As will be seen from Figure 4, the half-section c is suitably curved, as at c³,
and is formed with an enlarged or re-enforced portion e, having a central
hole or opening, forming a sleeve for the tubular fitting e into which the
valve fitting is screwed or otherwise secured, as will be evident from an
inspection of said Figure 4. Said half-section c is also provided with an out-
wardly extending annular flange c, which fits snugly in the annular recess fl
of a screw-threaded ring f, made of metal, hard rubber or any other well known
material.
The other half-section e¹ is also suitably curved, as at c², and is formed with an
enlarged or re-enforced portion e', having a central hole or opening forming a
sleeve e for the fitting d² of the discharge nozzle d, as will be clearly seen from
an inspection of said Figure 4. Said half-section is also provided with an
outwardly extending flange c, which fits upon the flange of the half-section c
and the two flanges are firmly secured down upon the annular recess of the
ring, by a screw-threaded portion 3 of a ring 12, which can be made of metal,
hard rubber or any other suitable material. When the two rings are screwed
together, in the manner illustrated in the several figures of the drawing, the two
half-sections e and el form a separable reservoir or bulb, with the two flanges c³ and c³
forming a serviceable packing to prevent leakage.
Owing to the re-enforced portions of the two half-sections and the adjacent
and more flexible parts of the half-sections, when the complete bulb has been
filled with liquid and is expanded, as indicated in Figures 3 and 5, the tendency of
said re-enforced parts or sleeves is to return to their normal and inoperative
positions, illustrated in Figure 4, thereby automatically forcing the liquid from the
bulb into the discharge nozzle. By the action of the compression bulb A, the
liquid is intermittently forced into the reservoir or bulb C and expands the half-
sections c and c. By the contraction of said half-sections, part of the liquid is
expelled through the syringe nozzle, while part of the liquid remains accumulated
in the bulb C with the pressure from the half-sections acting upon it, thus main-
taining a continuous discharge of the liquid from the bulb into the nozzle, while
the bulb C is being filled, and thereby giving a non intermittent discharge from
C

page_text: the nozzle of the syringe. After the syringe has been used, the two rings and f
can be unscrewed and the half-sections c and d separated to enable the
thorough cleansing and drying of these parts, which, from a sanitary stand-point,
is of the greatest benefit, since any poisonous matter which might accidentally be
retained in the expansion bulb can be readily and thoroughly removed.
In Figures 7, 8 and 9, the half-section c¹, instead of being flexible is made rigid,
being preferably made of hard rubber, having an annular and screw-threaded
off-set e, against which the flange c of the lower and flexible half-section c fits
and is screwed fast by the ring f, precisely in the manner as has been described
herein-above.
The construction and working of these parts is similar to that described in the
above and therefore will not be further described here.
Of course it will be understood, that various modifications may be made in the
arrangement and combinations of parts of the expansion bulb or "
pump" without
departing from the scope of this invention, and I therefore do not wish to be
understood as limiting myself to the exact form of such bulb herein shown.
One of the essential features of this invention is to provide an expansion bulb,
as C, having a flexible end or ends, which acts, when expanded, to normally force
itself inward and thereby exerts a constant pressure on the liquid in the bulb.
Owing to the resiliency of the end portions of the compression bulb or pump C,
the tendency of said parts is to spring back, whereby a constant inward pressure is
exerted upon the liquid in the bulb.
My novel form of expansion bulb or "pump" C is equally well adapted for use
in connection with atomizers, or vaporizers, all that is necessary in such case is to
use in place of the expansion bulb A and its inlet tubing a, any well known form
of atomizer bulb, and the various accessories used in connection therewith, as will
be clearly evident.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination, in a syringe, atomizer or the like, of the compression bulb
and its discharge tubing, and an expansion bulb or pump connected with said
tubing, comprising therein, two separable half-sections, flexible and expansible and
with a normal tendency to force themselves inwardly to exert pressure, said half-
sections having annular flanges adapted to be placed upon each other, and means
for securing said half-sections together, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
2. A syringe, atomizer or the like, comprising therein, a compression bulb,
discharge tube, and an expansion bulb or pump in said tube, consisting of two
flexible half-sections c and c', having curved portions c³ and c² respectively, and
each section having a re-enforced portion forming a sleeve, said sections being
adapted to be expanded and exert an inward pressure, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
3. A syringe, atomizer or the like, comprising therein, a compression bulb,
discharge tube, and an expansion bulb or pump in said tube, consisting of two
flexible half-sections c and c', having the curved portions cand e² respectively,
and each section having a re-enforced portion forming a sleeve, said sections
being adapted to be expanded and exert an inward pressure, annular flanges c
and con said half-sections c and c' respectively, and screw-threaded rings j
and for securing said sections together, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
4. An expansion bulb or pump for a continuous flow syringe, or the like, com-
prising therein, two flexible half-sections c and c¹ having inwardly extending
re-enforced portions c and c' respectively, adapted to exert inward pressure, said
re-enforced portions forming sleeves, a discharge nozzle in one of said re-enforced
portions, annular Hanges c and c³ on said half-sections c and c¹ respectively, and

page_text: screw-threaded rings fitted over said flanges for securing said half-sections together,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
5. A syringe, atomizer, or the like, comprising therein, a bulb, discharge tube,
and expansion bulb or pump in said tube, consisting of two flexible half-sections,
and an enlarged or re-enforced portion on one or both of said half-sections, forming
a sleeve for a valve fitting, and the surrounding portion of the bulb being curved,
substantially as set forth, to cause said re-enforced portion to exert a normal inward
pressure, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 23rd day of May 1895.
HENRY DOREMUS SMITH.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.