Improvements in Rock Breaking and Ore Crushing Machines.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Sept., 1887
Complete Left, 4th June, 1888
Complete Accepted, 6th July, 1888
[Communicated from abroad by JAMES H. LANCASTER, of No. 187, Broadway, in the
City, County, and State of New York, United States of America, Engineer.]
Improvements in Rock Breaking and Ore Crushing Machines.
I, AMBROSE MYALL of 21 Cockspur Street, London, in the county of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in that class of rock breaker or ore crusher
in which a movable jaw or jaws vibrate in proximity to a fixed jaw.
The objects of my improvements are:-
Firstly, to give the movable jaw or jaws a quick hammerlike or knapping
movement.
Secondly, to combine adjustment for the stroke of the movable jaw and the throat
or opening at the lower ends of the jaw.
Thirdly, to give the movable jaw a parallel or nearly parallel movement.
Fourthly, to secure the fixed jaw rigidly in the machine and provide facilities for
removing, reversing, and backing up the said fixed jaw plate.
My improved apparatus is constructed substantially in the following manner.
The frame or main casting of the machine has a fixed jaw plate secured therein.
A shaft journalled transversely in the said frame, carries two fly wheels to ensure
uniform speed of rotation and is driven by a pulley fixed on one end. A cam on the
said shaft actuates a dog having an anti-friction roller adapted to work in frictional
contact with the said cam. The upper surface of the said dog is slightly curved and
is hinged on a block which has inclined guides in the frame and rests on an eccentric
which is mounted on a shaft journalled in the frame and controlled by a handwheel,
worm and worm wheel. A lever fulcrummed on a shaft is actuated by a contact of the
curved surface of the aforesaid dog and operates the movable jaw by the contact of
suitable thrust pieces.
An idle toggle guides the upper end of the movable jaw in a path about parallel with
the lower end of the same and likewise supports the jaws against the strain resulting
from crushing the rock or ore. This toggle is preferably very light, crooked, or
hollow, to ensure it alone breaking in case of any iron or steel accidentally getting
into the machine.

page_text: The movable jaw carries a reversible jaw plate. This jaw is held up against
the lever thrust pieces and the idle toggle by means of a connecting rod passing
through the frame and provided with springs or rubber cushions and set nuts. The
hopper of the machine has side plates which are driven down, and keep the fixed
jaw plate firm by wedging between the same and a projection cast inside the main
frame.
Holes are made in the said side plates for removing the same. The fixed jaw is
reversible and may be backed up or packed out, in which case the side hopper plates
do not drive down so far.
In breaking rock or crushing ore, to ensure a uniform product, it is necessary that
the stroke of the vibrating jaw shall be the practical minimum in proportion to the
width of the opening at the throat of the machine. The reason for this being, that
too great a throw for a given opening would allow disproportionately large pieces to
fall through when the jaw recedes.
The revolving cam raises and lowers the dog and this in turn vibrates the lever.
When the block supporting the dog is raised further the dog lifts the lever and
narrows the throat of the machine, while at the same time the contract of the curved
surface is nearer the hinged end of the dog and consequently less throw is given to
the lever and movable jaw.
The reverse is effected by lowering the aforesaid block and hence the stroke of the
jaw increases or decreases as correctly as the throat of the machine is adjusted for any
desired product.
The parallel movement of the jaw is advantageous over all machines having a jaw
swinging from a fixed pivot shaft at either end of the jaw; which entails an excess of
movement either where the rock is first broken by the jaw, or at the throat of the
machine. The vibrating jaw movement being downward as well as forw..rd towards
the fixed jaw, gives a twofold benefit insomuch that it slightly rotates the rock while
crushing it; this gives the machine the reducing action of a pair of rolls, while the
rolling action feeds the rock positively through the machine without relying upon the
action of gravity for effecting the same result.
The cam is so formed as to have two quick rises and gives the jaw a quick hammer-
like or knapping action, not obtained by an eccentric movement.
It must of course be understood that in case two or more vibrating jaws are used
a corresponding number of cams, dogs and levers are necessary.
I do not wish to confine myself to the dog, rocking arm, and devices for regulating
the throw of the jaw, as I may if desired dispense with all of them.
I am aware that cams have heretofore been used in connection with ore crushers for
the purpose of operating the movable jaw thereof.
I am also aware that toggles have been used in connection with a movable jaw,
fulcrummed so as to swing from a fixed and common centre.
I am not aware however that a movable jaw of a rock breaker or ore crusher was
ever before hung upon toggles located at the upper and lower end of the jaw and
connected with devices operated by a rotary cam. Neither am I aware that an
adjusting device was ever before used in connection with an ore crusher whereby the
throw of the movable jaw could be regulated.
Dated this 3rd day of September 1887
AMBROSE MYALL,
Inventors' Patent Right Association (Ld.),
21, Cockspur Street, London, S.W.

page_text: crooked or hollow as shown, to ensure it alone breaking in case of any iron or steel
accidentally getting into the machine.
D is the moveable jaw carrying the reversible jaw plate C. This jaw is held up
against the lever thrust pieces X and the toggle H, by means of the connecting-rod
passing through the frame A and provided with the springs or rubber cushions S and
set nuts S². Vis the hopper of the machine the side plates V, V, are driven down,
and keep the jaw plate B firm by wedging between the same and the projection
cast inside the main frame.
Holes are made in the said side plates for removing the same. The jaw B is
reversible and may be backed up or packed out, in which case the side hopper plates
do not drive down so far. In breaking rock or crushing ore, to ensure a uniform
product it is necessary that the stroke of the vibrating jaw shall be the practical
minimum in proportion to the width of the opening of the throat T of the machine.
The reason for this being that too great a throw for a given opening T, would allow
disproportionately large pieces to fall through when the jaw recedes.
It will be observed that the revolving cam R raises and lowers the dog L and this
in turn vibrates the lever I. When the block K is raised further, the dog lifts the
lever and narrows the throat of the machine, at the same time it is evident that the
contact of the curved surface is nearer the hinged end of the dog L and consequently
less throw is given to the lever and jaw D.
The reverse is effected by lowering the block K and hence the stroke of the jaw
increases or decreases correctly as the throat of the machine is adjusted for any desired
product. The parallel movement of the jaw is advantageous over all machines having
a jaw swinging from a fixed pivot shaft at either end of the jaw; which entails an
excess of movement either where the rock is first broken by the jaw, or at the throat
of the machine. The vibrating jaw movement being downward, as well as forward
towards the fixed jaw, gives a twofold benefit, insomuch that it slightly rotates the
rock while crushing it; this gives the machine the reducing action of a pair of rolls,
while the rolling action feeds the rock positively through the machine without relying
upon the action of gravity for effecting the same result. The cam R having two
quick rises gives the jaw a quick hammerlike or knapping action, not obtained by an
eccentric movement.
It must of course be understood that in case two or more vibrating jaws are
used, a corresponding number of cams dogs and levers are necessary.
I do not wish to confine myself to the dog L rocking arm K and devices for
regulating the throw of the jaw, as I may, if desired, dispense with all of them, and
use the construction shown in figures 5 to 9 inclusive. I am aware that cams have
heretofore been used in connection with ore crushers for the purpose of operating the
the moveable jaw thereof. I am also aware that toggles have been used in connection
with a moveable jaw, fulcrummed so as to swing from a fixed and common centre.
I am not aware, however, that a moveable jaw of a rock breaker, or ore crusher,
was ever hung upon toggles located at the upper and lower end of the jaw and
connected with devices operated by a rotary cam. Neither am I aware that an
adjusting device was ever before used in connection with an ore crusher, whereby the
throw of the moveable jaw could be regulated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is :-
1. The combination with a rock breaker, or ore crusher, having a vibrating jaw in
proximity to a fixed jaw, of a suspended vibrating jaw against an idle toggle H,
placed near the upper end of the jaw and a single thrust point or toggle X, near the
Tower end of the jaw, substantially as and in the manner set forth and described.
2. The combination with a rock breaker or ore crusher of the moveable or
vibrating jaw D, adapted to receive a parallel or nearly parallel movement
downward and forward towards the fixed jaw B, substantially and in the manner
shewn and specified.

page_text: 3. The combination with a rock breaker, or ore crusher, having a vibrating jaw of
the lever I fulcrummed on the shaft Z of the jaw D, and the dog L having the
adjustable curved surface u, substantially as and for the purpose set forth and shown.
4. The combination with a rock breaker and ore crusher, of the dog L having the
antifriction roller O and the hinged block K and placed in mechanical interposition
between the cam R and the lever 1, substantially in the manner shown and for
the purpose set forth.
5. The combination with a rock breaker and ore crusher of the dog having its upper
surface curved for the purpose set forth and substantially as described and shown.
6. The combination with a Rock Breaker and ore crusher, of the hopper plates V, V,
used as wedges, the fixed jaw B and the main frame A, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth and shown.
7. The combination with a rock breaker and ore crusher of a regulating, or
adjusting device secured to the side of the frame of the machine, adapted to regulate
the throw of the movable jaw, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
8. The combination with a rock breaker and ore crusher of the worm e worm
wheel G hand wheel E and shaft J, substantially as shewn and described.
9. The combination, substantially as shewn and described, consisting of lever I
fulcrummed on the shaft Z and contacted to the vibrating jaw D thrust pieces ✗ the
dog L, having the curved surface u thereon, hinged on the block K and actuated by
the cam R, the cam R having two rises on the shaft P, the eccentric J on J¹ with
worm wheel G engaging with worm e, the hopper plates V in combination with the
main frame A, having the fixed jaw B with toggle H movable jaw plate C, springs on
rubber cushions S set nuts S2, side or hopper plates V, V, the whole forming a
complete device, substantially as shown and described.
10. The combination in a rock breaker and ore crusher of the rocking arm provided
with a roller adapted to engage with a cam mounted on the main shaft of the machine,
substantially as shown and described.
11. The combination in a rock breaker and ore crusher of the rocking arm or
lever I the roller O mounted directly thereon, adapted to engage with the cam R
mounted on the main shaft P substantially as shown and described.