IMPROVEMENTS IN. FISH PLATE OR OTHER BOLTS
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
:
We, JAMES GLOVER of 28 Crosby Road Birkdale in the county of Lancaster,
.Civil Engineer, and CORNELIUS WALTON of 63 Queen Victoria Street in the city
of London, Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of our said invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN. FISH PLATE OR OTHER BOLTS "
to be as follows :-
•
This invention has for its object a simple method of permanently fastening
fishplate joints and dispensing with the use of the ordinary nuts used thereon, for
bridge construction, and also for locking studs or bolts when screwed into nuts or
other tapped connections, in any position where it is desirable that when once fixed
they shall remain fixed. It is also useful for the purpose of unscrewing such studs
or bolts the heads of which have been wrenched off in screwing into place.
This invention consists in forming in the screwed end of the bolt a cylindrical,
conical, prismatic, or other hole which can be of any desirable depth, but should go
at least.so deep as to penetrate within the nut or other tapped connection in or to
which the bolts or studs are to be locked.
2nd. In squaring or canting the end of the bolt or stud for a short distance
beyond the screwed portion of the bolt.
The mode of action is as follows:-
:
The fish plate or other articles to be fixed have tapped holes into which the bolts
are screwed up tight. If the article be not tapped the bolt is simply inserted and
the nut screwed up. The drift is now inserted and pressed or. hammered into the
hole for the purpose of expanding the substance of the bolt into the threads of the
nut or other tapped connection, and bulging it out on all sides within or beyond
the nut or other tapped connection; so as to prevent the loosening or slackening
back of the bolt or stud from vibration, jarring, or other cause, while leaving the
bolt or stud free to be tightened up at any time.
If in screwing up, or in afterwards tightening up the bolt or nut, the head be
wrenched off, or if the stud or bolt, as the case may be, be required to be with-
drawn, a key or tool is placed in the squared or prismatic hole in the end of the
bolt or stud.; or a key or tool fitted on to the outside squared portion of the bolt
or stud, for the purpose of unscrewing the said bolt or stud,
"

page_text: "
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
We, JAMES CLOVER, of 28 Crosby Road, Birkdale, in the County of Lancaster,
Civil Engineer, and CORNELIUS WALTON, of 63 Queen Victoria Street, in the City
of London, Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of our said invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN FISH-PLATE OR OTHER BOLTS" and in what manner the
samo is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :—
This invention has for its object a simple method of permanently fastening fish
plate joints, and dispensing with the use of the ordinary nuts used thereon, also for
bridge construction, and for locking studs or bolts when screwed into nuts or other
tapped connections, in any position where it is desirable that when once fixed, they
shall remain fixed. It is also useful for the purpose of unscrewing such studs or
bolts, the hoads of which have been wrenched off in screwing into place.
The invention is shown in the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 is an
elevation of a bolt partly in section, and Figure 2 an ond view.
In these the screwed end A of the bolt has formed in it (preferably prior to the
screwing) a square hole B, but said hole can if desired bo made cylindrical, conical,
pyramidal, prismatic or of other form. It can be of any desirable length, but is
usually made from 11 to 21 diameters in depth and should in any case be at least
so deep as to penetrate within the nut or other tapped connection in or to which
the bolts.or studs are to be locked.
We also frequently, if the hole be not square, squaro or "cant" (hexagon) the
end of bolt or stud for a short distance as shown at C beyond the screwed part A.
The mode of action is as follows:-
The fish plate or other articles to be fixed have tapped holes into which the bolts
are screwed up tight. If the article be not tapped, the bolt is simply inserted, and
the nut screwed up. The drift is now inserted and pressed or hammered into tlie
hole for the purpose of expanding the substance of the bolt into the throads of the
nut or other tapped connection, and bulging it out on all sides within or beyond
the nut or other tapped connection, so as to prevent them loosening or slackening
back of the bolt or stud from vibration, jarring or other cause, while leaving the
bolt or stud free to be tightened up at any time.
If in screwing up, or in afterwards tightening up the bolt or nut, the head be
wrenched off, or if the stud or bolt as the case may be, be required to bo with-
drawn, a key or tool is placed in the squared or prismatic hole in the end of the
.bolt or atud, or a key or tool fitted on to the outside squared portion of the bolt or
stud, for the purpose of unscrewing the said bolt or stud.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the naturo of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same may be performed, we would state that
we are well aware that bolt ends have been slit or sawn longitudinally in one or
more diameters and after they have been screwed up these saw cuts have been
forcibly opened out by chisels forced in to drive the segments of the divided end
apart also that in Germany and perhaps in England, bolts with these divided
ends have had a bolo drilled in their contre so as to enable any one to more easily
separate the segments by driving a spike into the holo, but these depend for their

page_text: locking powers on the stiffness of the segments already violently forced apart out
of their natural position, whereas our invention presents. an enlarged cylindrical
mass to the nut and instead of the mere stiffness of segments of the bolt has
the entire tubular strength of the enlarged end to resist the unscrewing of the
nut, and we declare that what we claim is
1st. The method of locking bolts, which consists in forming them with a hole in
their ends, and expanding part of such hole, or hollow portion or bulging out those
ends into an enlarged annular section when they are screwed up.
2nd. The improved bolts formed with a hole in their otherwise solid ends into
which a tool can be driven to bulge them out when screwed up.
3rd. The combination with a hole in the end of the bolt for the purposes
described, of a squared portion at the end, upon or into which a key or tool can be
applied to unscrew the bolt should it get fractured.