Improvements relating to the Manufacture of Artificial Fuel.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Mar., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 7th Dec., 1895-Accepted, 18th Jan., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to the Manufacture of Artificial Fuel.
I GEORGE HAYCRAFT of Pontardulais in the County of Glamorgan, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In the manufacture of artificial fuel, or briquettes, from coal dust, it is usual to
employ a certain quantity of binding material, in order to give to the fuel, when
formed into briquettes, the required degree of cohesion.
Economically it is advantageous to use as low a percentage of binding matorial
with the coal as possible, by employing a substance of relatively high cohesive
properties. The practical difficulty, however, of incorporating satisfactorily a
small quantity of highly cohesive binding material, in a liquid or semi liquid state,
with dry powdered coal, has prevented the general employment of the most obvious
binding materiale, viz., the liquid or semi-liquid distillates of coal.
The object of the present invention is to provide means whereby any liquid or
semi-liquid enriching or binding agent may be readily incorporated with the dry
powdered coal, so that the resulting fuel, after the usual treatment has been effected,
will embody the qualities most desirable, and that at au economical manufacturing
cost.
In carrying out my invention, the pulverized coal is fed at a suitable rate, by any
suitable means, to a pair of metal rollers capable of regulation as regards their
distance from each other, and driven by any suitable means. One or both of these
rollers is continuously supplied with a liquid binding agent, which may conveniently
be contained in a tank wherein rotates a feed roll. This feed roll is arranged to
deliver the contents of the tank to the roller before mentioned, so that the coal dust
is brought into intimate contact therewith, as it passes between the rollers.
Scrapers are provided for removing the coal and binding agent from the
rollers, and preventing the mixture from being carried round and round by
the latter.
Means are provided for keeping hot the contents of the tank, if required, so as to
facilitate the transfer thereof to the rollers before mentioned.
In this manner, no difficulty will be found in incorporating a liquid or semi-liquid
binding agent with the dry coal dust, in a proportion just sufficient to produce the
desired cohesion, thereby ensuring a satisfactory briquette at a minimum expense.
Dated this 7th day of March 1895.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to the Manufacture of Artifiolal Fuel.
1 GEORGE HAYORAFT of Pontardulais in the County of Glamorgan, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
'
In the manufacture of artificial fuel, or briquettes, from coal dust, it is usual to

page_text: employ a certain quantity of binding material, in order to give to the fuel, when
formed into briquettes, the required degree of cohesion.
Economically, it is advantageons to use as low a percentage of binding material
with the coal as possible, by employing a substance of relatively high cohesive
properties. The practical difficulty, however, of incorporating satisfactorily a
small quantity of highly cohesive biuding material in a liquid or semi-liquid
state, with dry powdered coal, has prevented the general employment of the
most obvious binding materials, viz., the liquid or semi-liquid distillates of coal.
The object of the present invention is to provide means whereby any liquid
or semi-liquid enriching or binding agent may be readily incorporated with the
dry powdered coal, so that the resulting fuel, after the usual treatment has been
effected, will embody the qualities most desirable, and that at ou economical
manufacturing cost.
In the accompanying drawings I have shewn a machine for incorporating a
liquid or semi-liquid binding agent with dry, finoly divided coal, according to
the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a sectional side elevation, and
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the machine.
The machine, as illustrated, comprises a pair of tanks or troughs, A A', for the
binding agent, supported in a framing of suitable construction. B is a furnace,
the heat from which is drawn beneath the tanks, to maintain the binding agent
within the same in a fluid state. In the tanks, A A', are rotating rolle, C C¹,
mounted transversely of the machine in suitable bearings, which rolls deliver a
film of liquid binding agent to the surface of the rolls D D', into the bite of which
(arranged at a suitable distance from each other) is fed the powdered coal from the
shoot E.
FF are a pair of adjustable scraper blades for regulating the supply of binding
agent to the rollers D D¹. GG' are other scrapers for removing the combined
coal and binding agent from the rolls D D', and delivering the same to the under-
neath rolls H H³, which complete the incorporation before the mass being scraped
off by the scrapers I I, arranged in contact with the rolls H H', is delivered out
of the machine.
The driving of the machine may be effected in any convenient manner; the
following is, however, a description of the gearing selected for illustration in the
drawings.
Jare belt pulleys on the shaft c of the roller C, which receive a driving belt
connected to any suitable source of power, and through which the roller C is driven.
On the shaft c, on the opposite side of the machine, is fixed a spur wheel o*, from
which are driven the upper rolls D D', by means of the pinious & d', gearing
together, and fast on their shafts. The roller C is driven by the pinion d
engaging with the spur wheel o**, fast on the shaft c' of the roller C'. The lotver
pair of rollers H H', which are geared together by pinions on their shafts, which
pinious are so placed beneath the pinions d d', that they cannot be seen in the
drawing, Fig. 2, are driven by the spur wheel C on the shaft of the roller C',
engaging with the pinion d' fast on the shaft of the roller D'.
It will be understood that two tanks for containing the binding agent, and two
rollers for supplying the same to the rollers D D', are by no means essential,
although such a construction is preferred. Other variations in arrangement aud
construction may also be adopted, it preferred, without departing from the spirit of
this invention, which consists in supplying a film of binding agent to the surface of
rollors, against or between which a thiu stream of powdered coal is continuously
passing.
Having pow particularly described and ascertained. the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
In the treatchont of dared how
11 L1
:

page_text: manufacture of briquettes, the use of means as above described, whereby a film
of binding agent brought into intimate contact with an advancing stream of
powdered coal, in the manner set forth.
Dated this 7th dex of December 1805
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.