Year: 1886

page_text: and ke rurposes.
.J, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 323 High Holborn, in the City of London, County
of Middlesex, England, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
My machine like others heretofore patented to me in this country is intended to
do away with the movable printing type, and with hand composition by producing
bars type high, each bar having on one edge in relief properly justified type or
characters to print an entire line of a page or column.
In the accompanying drawings,-
Fig. 1, is a front elevation; Fig. 2, an end elevation; Fig. 3, a top plan view of
the machine; Figs. 10 and 1b views showing the form of the matrices and space-
bars; Fig. 4, a front elevation; Fig. 5, a vertical cross section of a magazine and
composing devices on a large scale; Fig. 6, a plan view of the guide on which the
matrices are assembled; Fig. 7, an elevation of the matrix-lifting devices; Figs. 8
and 9, side elevations of the devices for discharging the matrices from the magazine ;
Fig. 10, a horizontal section of the same; Fig. 11, an edge view of the same;
Fig. 12, a vertical section of the same; Figs. .13, 14 and 15, respectively, a front
elevation, a plan view, and a vertical section of the means for transferring the line
of matrices horizontally.
Figs. 16, 17 and 18, details of the above parts; Fig. 19, a plan view of the -
transferring mechanism the main driving clutch and attendant parts; Figs. 20
and 21, a plan view and an elevation of the main driving clutch; Fig. 22, a vertical
section through the casting mechanism and other parts on a larger scale; Fig. 23, a
horizontal section; Fig. 24, a front elevation; Fig. 25, a vertical section of the
matrix-clamp and justifying devices; Fig. 26, an elevation partly in section of the
casting and matrix-lifting mechanism; Fig. 26ª, a face view of the mold; Fig. 27,
a vertical section of the devices for ejecting and dressing the type-bars; Figs. 28,
29 and 30, respectively, a top view, a side elevation, and a vertical section of the

page_text: distributing mechanism; Figs. 31 and 32, details of the same; Fig. 33, a top view
showing the horizontal slides which deliver the matrices to the vertical lifting
head; Fig. 34, a vertical section of the same; Fig. 35, a longitudinal vertical
section through one end of the distributor and the attendant parts, on a large scale;
Fig. 36, a cross section; Figs. 37 and 38, cross sections of the distributor; Figs. 39
and 40, respectively, a perspective view and a cross section showing the devices by
which the matrices are supported while being engaged with the distributor rail;
Figs. 41 and 42, perspective views of the matrix-lifting head with and without
the matrix and space-bar in position therein; Fig. 43, à perspective view of one
of the carrier plates; Fig. 44, a perspective view of a magazine tube and the
matrix discharging devices; Figs. 45 and 46, views of the distributor driving clutch;
Figs. 47 and 48, an elevation and a plan view of safety devices to stop the
machine; Figs. 49 and 50, are perspective views of the parts for moving the
matrices horizontally.
There
I provide as the basis of my machine, a series of matrices A, such as shown in
Fig. 1, each having in one edge an intaglio letter or character as seen at a.
will be any appropriate number of matrices of each character. Those having the
same character are alike in every respect; those bearing different characters differ
in thickness according to the width of the character, and also differ as to the
number or arrangement of the shoulders or teeth d, which enable the distributor
to distinguish between the different matrices. In most respects these matrices are
identical with those represented in patents of this country heretofore granted to me.
For use with these matrices I provide a suitable number of space-bars B, as seen
in Fig. 1. They are introduced in the line of matrices during its composition or
assemblage, and their purpose is to expand or elongate the line to the pre-
determined limit to effect the justification, as it is technically termed. These
space-bars consist of two oppositely tapered parts, united by a sliding joint, and
one of them provided with sustaining shoulders as shown. They are practically
identical with those shown in my previous patents. The machine is intended to
assemble in proper sequence, matrices bearing characters to be printed; to insert
in the line, the space-bars; next to present the assembled line to a casting
mechanism to form of type metal or other material, a bar bearing on its edge in
relief the characters represented by the line of matrices, and finally, to distribute
the matrices to the magazines from which they started, and discharge the cast bar
from the machine.
A suitable frame-work_A*, supports a series of vertical magazine tubes c, into
which the matrices are dropped from the upper end one on top of another, and
from which they are discharged at the lower end one at a time into a stationary
trough or conductor D, of a U-form in cross section. A pipe E, connected with a
pump or blower delivers a blast of air downward longitudinally through the
conductor. The matrices, entering the conductor and sustained in an upright
position therein by their shoulders bearing on its upper edge slide downward
under the action of the air blast one after another to the lower horizontal end of
the conductor beyond the magazine tubes, where they are assembled in a compact
line side by side as shown in Fig. 49. The means for discharging the matrices are
shown in Figs. 8 to 12, and Fig. 44, each tube secured to a mouth-piece 66, forming
a continuation thereof, and this mouth-piece supports a vertical slide o, carrying
a spring finger do, having a beveled tooth which projects. through a slot into the
. interior to engage the matrices: The slide is actuated by a lever e, lifted by a
spring f, and depressed by a rod ge, bearing on the rear end of a pivoted finger h.
When a finger-key is depressed the slide co, descends, and the spring dº, engaging
over the top of the last matrix forces the same out of the magazine and carries it
downward to its place in the guide D, as shown in Fig. 9. When the key is
released the slide rises and the finger de, engages over the top of the last matrix,
which has, in the mean time, descended in the place of the one just delivered.
The accidental escape of the bottom matrix is prevented by a hinged plate, j,
La la la l
the insida
33

page_text: The plate is urged inward by a spring, 1, and it has an arm m, the upper end of
which enters the tube to prevent the descent of the upper matrix until the one at
the bottom is discharged and the plate j, again closed. If the magazine is empty
the operation of the feed slide is prevented by a pivoted dog n, arresting the
descent of the lever e. This dog is urged outward by a spring, held normally
out of action by an arm p, on the plate j, a matrix on the inside holding the
plate j, in such position that the dog is prevented from advancing.
Thus it is that the matrices are positively delivered one at a time and the
operator notified if the magazine should be empty by the refusal of the finger key
to act. The air blast is prevented from overturning or displacing the matrices as
they slide through the guide D, by one or more wires G, stretched longitudinally
through the interior of the guide D, in such position that as each matrix is forced
down to its place by the slide co, the shoulders at the lower end of the matrix will
ride past and engage beneath the wire or wires as seen in Fig. 9*.
Thus the matrices are kept down to their place but permitted to slide freely
through the guide D, to the point of assemblage. Of course these wires may be
placed in any suitable position in the guide and the shoulders of the matrices may
be of any suitable form to engage therewith. The space-bars are supported in a
box or frame H, above the guide D, in such position that the matrices pass there-
under to the place of assemblage. From this frame the space-bars are dropped
by means of finger-key connections, one at a time, into the guide D, at proper
points so that they may be added to the line of matrices.
The advance of the row or line of matrices is opposed at the concluding point by
a finger, u, lying across the guide, D, and mounted on a vertical pivot that it
may swing back horizontally out of the way when the matrices are to be advanced
to the casting mechanism. This finger or resistant is held normally by a latch, w,
which like the finger is attached to a horizontal slide, v, urged to the right by a
spring, x. One end of the pawl, w, engages teeth or serrations in the top of the
guide, D, and holds the guide, D, from moving backward. The line of matrices
and the detent, u, are forced ahead step by step to make room for the succeeding
matrices at the rear by pawls, a, attached to a vibrating power-driven arm, t.
When the latch, w, is released the detent, u, swings out of the way leaving the
matrices free to be moved forward over the guide, D, on their way to the casting
mechanism, and at the same time, the slide, v, moves back to the right carrying
the detent to the starting point where it assumes its position to arrest the matrices
for the next line. There stands normally at the left hand of the guide, D, a
vertically movable guide, I, commonly known as the lifting head, and having
slotted arms which form a continuation of the guide, D, so that a line of matrices
may be made from the guide into these arms and sustained by the latter, as seen in
Fig. 26, and substantially as shown in my prior patents.
This lifter, I, is actuated by a yielding link, y¹, from a lever, s¹, actuated by a
horizontal cam wheel, A¹, shown in Fig. 3.
When the line of matrices is completed as in Fig. 49, it is transferred to the
lifter, I, by two arms, J, J', on a horizontal slide on the main-frame. These arms
stand normally in an elevated position out of action under the influence of spring, U,
but may be depressed at the will of the operator by a lever, V, so that they will
enter the guide, D, and embrace or grasp the matrices between them as in Fig. 50,
and when thus depressed they are held down for the time being by the pawl, Wo,
engaging the notched disk on one end of the shaft, K. The arm, J¹, slides on the
shaft, K, and is urged toward its companion by a spring.
The central spindle sliding in the shaft, K, is connected by pins in a slot with
arm J, and bears normally at one end against a stationary stop, N, whereby the
arms, J, J', are held at such distance apart that they may pass readily on opposite
sides of the matrix line. After the arms, J, J, are thrown down to embrace the
matrices, the slide on which they are carried is moved to the left by a spring, P, as
in Fig. 19, acting through a lever, O, connected to the slide. As the slides thus
'move to carry the matrices, the stop, N, ceases to act, and the spring, L, closes the

page_text: arms tightly upon the matrices, which are moved by the arms into the lifting
head, I. After this movement is completed a stationary pin, ✗, releases the
dog, W, and the spring, U, lifts the arms again. A cam wheel, Y, Fig. 19,
actuates the lever, O, and restores the slide and arms to their first position, where
they are locked by a pawl, Q, Fig. 13, on the frame engaging slide. This pawl is
released when the arms are to be moved by a pin, R, on which the arm, J, strikes
in descending.
The matrices and space-bars having been assembled and transferred to the
head, J, by the means already described, are ready for presentation to the casting
mechanism, which comprises, first, a vertical mold wheel B², provided with a mold
cavity or cell, g', therethrough and mounted on a horizontal shaft, C¹, in a hori-
zontally sliding support, D¹; second, a stationary clamping-head, G, which lies in
front of the mold to hold the matrices against its face, and which is provided with
laterally moving jaws, H³, actuated by a right and left hand screw as in Figs. 23
and 25, to hold the matrices tightly together; and, third, a horizontally sliding
melting-pot, E, having a mouth to close the rear face of the mold-cell, g¹, and to
deliver molten metal therein, and having also a pump somewhat like the pump of
a type-casting machine, to force the molten metal into the mold in which it forms
a bar, the front edge of which receives the embraces of the matrices arranged in
front of and closing the mold. These parts resemble in many respects those
represented in my previous patents, the principles of operation being somewhat
alike but the construction and arrangement of the parts greatly improved. The
melting-pot and the slide which carries the mold wheel are connected by inter-
mediate parts with and are operated by cam wheels on a vertical shaft, H', as seen
in Figs. 2, 3 and 22. The line of matrices are lowered by the lifting-head, I, into
of
position between the mold wheel and the clamp, G+, and between the jaws, H¹,
said clamp during the time that the various parts are separated as in Fig. 22, after
which the clamps are moved inward, the mold wheel advances against the matrices,
the mold pot forced against the mold wheel, and the pump operated to fill the
mold. After the casting operation the parts resume their original positions.
A pinion on the rear end of the mold shaft, C¹, actuated by a mutilated gear
wheel, Je, gives a half revolution to the wheel presenting the casting in front of
the ejector slide, R¹, which advances through the wheel forcing the type-bar or
casting out of the wheel and between two plates, o¹, having sharpened rear edges
which assist in smoothing the bars. Continuing its advance the bar passes over a
spring supported plate, p¹, and between two stationary knives, q¹, which dress it to
the exact thickness required.
The bar is finally received on a plate, s³, which rises at intervals lifting the bars
one after another into a receiving galley, u¹, having at its side spring hooks as in
Fig. 1, to support them. Before the casting operation the line of matrices must be
adjusted to the predetermined length by increasing, as may be necessary, the
width of the spaces between the words.
This is done by forcing upward the long wedges of all the space-bars in the line
simultaneously. When the matrices are in front of the mold these space-bars hang
downward below the line and are lifted at the proper time by a vertically sliding
frame, N°. They are lifted by two steps; first, with a gentle pressure until the
movement is nearly completed, and then with a short but violent pressure to
wedge the matrices tightly together and prevent the entrance of the molten metal
between them. To this end the frame, N2, slides vertically in a second- sliding
frame, O, mounted in guides in the main frame. The inner frame, N2, which acts
on the space-bars, is urged constantly upward with reference to the outer frame,
by a weight, V, attached to chains, P³, passing over pulleys, Q, and attached to
the frame, N. Hooks, R², hold the frame, N³, down at proper times, but as the
two frames rise together hooks, T³, on the stationary frame engage the lower ends
of books, R², causing them to release the frame, N³, which rises in advance of the
qutside frame with the gentle pressure, caused by weight, V³, to lift the space-bars.

page_text: The outer frame, O³, is connected to a lever, U³, carrying a heavy weight which
tends to force both frames upward.
The movement of this lever is controlled by a cam, W₁, shaped so that it permits
the small frame, N2, to first move upward as described and then to lift the
frame, O2, until it overtakes the frame, N2, and lifts the same with a positive action
against the slides. At this time the hooks, R², again engage so that the two
frames under the influence of the cam and lever descend together. It is from the
sliding frame, 0%, that the plate, s³, receives motion through an intermediate.
connection to lift the space-bars into the galley. It is from this frame also that
motion is imparted through a toothed arm to a pinion on one end of the screw, I¹,
which closes the jaws, H. After the casting operation is completed the dis-
tribution of the matrices is next in order, and to this end the lifting head, I, still
sustaining the matrices and space-bars rises until it is in line with stationary
rails, A, Fig. 35, when a slide, B2, moves forward and carries the matrices and
space-bars out of the head, I, on to the rails A, and forward until the foremost
matrix encounters a vertical slide, H', which is moved constantly upward and
downward in stationary guides by pitmen, 12, connected to an overhead crank, J.
The slide, B2, is connected to a lever, C, Fig. 1, urged constantly inward by a
spring but retracted at proper times by a cam, E³, on the main shaft, Fig. 2. The
slide, H, is recessed in its upper end to receive one matrix at a time, and at
a lower point to receive a space-bar. In its lowest position it receives the forward
matrix and carries the same upward until its upper end straddles the stationary
distributing rail, Js, as in Fig. 36. When a space-bar is presented at the end of
the line it enters the lower cavity in the elevated slide and is carried downward
as the slide descends and dropped through a tube or conductor into the supporting
frame, H, before mentioned.
Wipers, Us, of felt or equivalent material are inserted in the frame and act to
remove foreign matters from the surface of the ascending matrices. To urge the
matrices constantly forward toward the lifting slide while the slide, A³, is retracted
to receive another line, I, provide a second horizontal slide E³, urged inward by a
spring and having arms or pawls which act behind the matrices as seen in Fig. 35.
The slide, E, is connected by a rod, Fs, to a lever, G³, urged inward by a spring
and retracted at regular intervals by a cam on the main shaft so that the pawls
engage behind the matrices. The distributor proper consists of the single stationary
bar, J, of a V-form, its sides ribbed or toothed longitudinally to engage the
teeth b, in the upper ends of the matrices. At different points in the length of the
bar these teeth are cut away so that at the point or section over each magazine tube
the bar differs in the number or the relative arrangement of its teeth from every
other point therein. A matrix being raised and moved endwise into engagement
with the teeth of the bar is sustained by the teeth while being moved along the
bar until it reaches a point over its appropriate magazine tube and at this point its
teeth disengage and it falls from the bar into the tube. The construction of the
bar to this end will be understood on reference to Figs. 36, to 40, which show in
cross section the action referred to. During its movement along the bar one or
more of the teeth on the matrix may be disengaged before it reaches its tube but
it will, in the mean time, be sustained by other teeth.
The operation depends upon the fact that the teeth are not all disengaged until
the proper point is reached.
After being lifted by the slide, H, astride of the rail, each matrix is sustained
while being moved horizontally into engagement with the teeth of the rail by a
forked slide clearly shown in Figs. 35-39, and 40. This slide is reciprocated by a
link connected to a lever, K, actuated by a cam groove, L³, in a gear wheel. After
the matrix is fully lifted the slide moves to the left and ribs on the inside of its
arms enter the notches in the edges of the matrix-supporting the same while the
slide, H, descends. The matrices are carried' along the distributor rail and into
engagement therewith by slotted plates, N³, projecting downward on opposite sides
of the rail, Jo, from plates, M, which are attached to an endless band or chain, As

page_text: each matrix is lifted into place its edges enter the notches in two of these
plates, N³, so that the matrix is advanced therewith.
The carrier plates receive an intermitting motion from a constantly rotating
pinion, O³, on the shaft of the gear wheel just mentioned, this pinion entering the
teeth on the under face of the plates as shown in Figs. 31 and 32. The top of the
magazine is a frame, V³, having transverse plates or projections W³, pivoted at
the lower edge and urged to the left by springs, X³.
These projections yield if a matrix should catch upon their upper edges and thus
prevent breakage at the same time guiding the matrix, when it falls, properly into
the tube.
In order to stop the distributor in the event of a matrix catching or binding I
drive the distributor by a clutch of any appropriate form such as shown in Figs. 45
and 46 combined with a lever, C³, and an electro-magnet, B³, by which the clutch
may be thrown out of action at will. The magnet is mounted in an electric
circuit having one terminal connected to. the distributor frame and the other
connected to the insulated frame, V³.
The circuit is normally open between these points. If a matrix lodges between
the distributor and this frame it forms a metallic connection between them com-
pleting the circuit and disengaging the clutch so that the carrier stops its motion.
The main-shaft, H' which carries the various operating cams and wheels is driven
through a worm wheel on its lower end by a worm, I, the shaft of which is
connected by a clutch, M³, N, to the constantly revolving driving shaft, Js. The
clutch is held normally out of action by a pawl, Q, on a hand lever, D³, as in
Fig. 19. When the devices which transfer the matrices to the mold advance to
the left they actuate a lover, R*, & release the pawl, Q, so that the latch is thrown
into action and the casting mechanism started, the casting mechanism being driven
at intervals only, while the distributor runs constantly. The clutch consists
principally of a non-rotating sleeve, K³, swiveled to a plate, L³, carrying pins, M³,
which project through a cross-arm on the worm shaft to engage dogs, O, on the
driving shaft. These dogs take the position shewn in Fig. 20, when engaged by
the driving pins, but when the pins are retracted the dogs under the influence of
spiral springs take the position shown in Fig. 19, so that they avoid contact with
the pins and thus prevent noise. To prevent the slide from transferring matrices
to the distributor when the lifter head is not in proper position I mount on a
revolving cam, E³, a vertical notched spindle, G³. When depressed its notch
receives the starting lever, D³, without actuating the same, but when raised its full
portion lifts the lever and stops the machine. This spindle is lifted by a spring, H³,
that carries on its top a cam, F³, in position to encounter the lever, O.
If the course of the slide, B2, is unobstructed the lever, C, depresses the cam, F³,
and spindle, G³, and the machine continues in action. If the advance of the slide
is obstructed the lever, C³, is held back, the cam, F³, and spindle, G³, remain lifted
and the lever, D, is actuated to disconnect the driving clutch.
It will be manifest that certain parts of my invention, such as the composing and
distributing mechanism, may be used in machines for producing stereotype matrices
in papier mache or other material; in such case the matrices will be replaced by
type of like form in every respect except that their characters or letters will be of
the male instead of the female order.
This will require the removal of the casting mechanism and the substitution of a
suitable pressure mechanism to force the papier macho into contact with the aligned
type. In the present machine I may use instead of type metal requiring to be
fused any plastic or other material which will harden after being molded into form.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent and in what
manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The magazine tubes, the finger-keys and intermediate mechanism for forcing
the matrices end wise from the tubes one at a time.

page_text: 2. A magazine tube in combination with a slide having a spring finger to eject
the matrices, and a yielding plate at the mouth to hold the bottom matrix.
3. In combination with the matrix tube, the ejecting slide, the yielding mouth
plate and the upper arm, m.
4. The inclined guide or conductor, D, in combination with the matrices having
shoulders to hold them upright while sliding through the guide.
5. In combination with the shouldered matrices and means for placing them
end wise in the guide, one or more wires or like devices extending lengthwise of
the guide to hold the matrices in position while sliding therethrough.
6. In combination with guide, D, and matrices adapted to stand on end therein,
mechanism for delivering a. blast or current of air through the guide longi-
tudinally, whereby the matrices are carried forward and assembled at a common
point.
7. The guide or conductor, D, and means for assembling the matrices therein, in
combination with the yielding removable finger, u, to resist the advance of the
matrices.
8. The magazine tubes with longitudinal ribs therein.
9. The reciprocating power driven pawls to advance the increasing line of matrices
along the guide and make room for those following after.
10. The mechanism shown or any like means for sustaining the space-bars above
the guide, D, and delivering them one at a time into the guide that they may be
added to the assembled matrices.
11. The transferring arms, J, J', or their equivalents for shifting the line of
matrices..
12. The transferring arms, J, J, their closing spring, their sustaining slide, the
spring to advance the slide, and the cam and lever to return the slide, all combined
substantially as described,
13. The guide or support, D, whereon the matrices are assembled, in com-
bination with the mold at a lower level, and a transferring head, I, to carry the
matrices to the mold,
.
14. The head, I, and its operating mechanism substantially as described for
carrying the matrices first from the guide, D, to the mold, and thence to the
distributor.
15. The stationary clamping head, and the two lateral jaws to confine the
natrices, in combination with the movable mold and the movable melting pot and
its pump.
16. Means substantially as described arranged in front of the mold to dress or
finish the bars or castings delivered therefrom.
17. The plates, o' o¹, yielding plate, p¹, and knives, q³, q³, arranged as described.
18. The revolving mold wheel having the mold cell extended, therethrough so
that the molten metal may enter on one side and the resulting bar escape on the
other.
19. The ejector bar to expel the bar or casting from the mold.
20. The rising and falling plate on which the bar or cast is delivered by the
ejector, combined with the receiving galley and its retaining hooks.
21. The series of matrices provided with the sustaining teeth, d, as shown, those
on each matrix differing in number or relative arrangement or both from those on
matrices bearing other characters.
22. The distributor rail provided with numerous longitudinal ribs or teeth on its
sides, said teeth, differing in number or relative positions or both at different points
in the length of the rail.
23. The distributor bar reduced in width from the upper to the lower edge, and
teethed longitudinally on its side in the manner described, in combination with
the series of matrices recessed to straddle the bar and provided with corresponding
teeth as described and shown whereby the matrices are sustained by the rail
while advancing along the same, until they reach their appropriate magazine tubes,

page_text: 24. In combination with the distributor rail, the carrier plates attached to an
endless band or chain and provided with means to engage and carry the edges of
the matrices.
25. The slide, H2, or its mechanical equivalent for presenting the matrices one at
a time to the distributor rail.
26. The slide, H³, provided with separate recesses for raising the matrices and
lowering the space-bars.
27. The horizontal slide with arms to sustain the matrices after they are raised
to the distributor rail and while advancing to engage the same..
28. The wiper to clean the faces of the matrices.
29. The magnetically controlled clutch for driving the distributor, and its circuit
arranged to be completed through the body of a longed or displaced matrix, to stop
the distributor.
"