NEW OR IMPROVED MODE OR MEANS AND APPLIANCES OR FITTINGS FOR VENTILATING AND PREVENTING DAMP ROT IN RAILWAY, TRAMWAY, OR ROAD CARRIAGES, AND OTHER SIMILAR CLOSE VEHICLES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Shiels, of 19, Balfour Street, Leith, in the County
of Midlothian, North Britain, Coach Builder, for an Invention of "NEW OR
IMPROVED MODE OR MEANS AND APPLIANCES OR FITTINGS FOR VENTILATING
AND PREVENTING DAMP ROT IN RAILWAY, TRAMWAY, OR ROAD CARRIAGES,
AND OTHER SIMILAR CLOSE VEHICLES,"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Shiels at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th May 1880.
"
HENRY SHIELS, of 19, Balfour Street, Leith, in the County of Midlothian,
North Britain, Coach Builder. NEW OR IMPROVED MODE OR MEANS AND
APPLIANCES OR FITTINGS FOR VENTILATING AND PREVENTING DAMP ROT IN
RAILWAY, TRAMWAY, OR ROAD CARRIAGES, AND OTHER SIMILAR CLOSE VEHICLES."
This Invention relates to a new or improved mode or means and appliances or
fittings for ventilating railway, tramway, or road carriages, and other similar close
vehicles, which is also designed to prevent the rotting, blistering, or deteriorating
by damp of the parts of the carriages to which the improved fittings are applied.
And the nature and novelty of the Invention consist in fitting the lower inner
or outer panels or under parts of the doors of such carriages with a small Venetian
ventilator, grating, or shutter open to the recess in the door panel in which the
window frame rests when it is let down. This ventilator may be formed with the
door panel itself by cutting upwardly and inwardly inclined or angled transverse
slots in it, or inserting angled cross bars similar to those of a Venetian blind or
shutter in an opening cut at or near the bottom of the panel at about the lowest
point to which the window sash frame reaches; or otherwise by cutting or forming
a rectangular, round, oval, or other shaped opening at this lower part of the door
panel, and fitting a Venetian shutter framing or grating therein, which may be
made of vulcanite, ebonite, or other hard dark polished material, or of wood or
metal suitably painted or varnished and ornamented. This Venetian ventilator or

page_text: grating admits a free passage or current of air through the window recess in the
door panels from the interior or exterior of the carriage, depending on whether
the grating is fitted in the inner or outer panel, and the grating also allows of the
escape of the rain or washing and cleaning water which may enter this window
recess. The door panels are thus kept thoroughly dry and free from moisture, and
are not liable as hitherto to rot or blister outside, and the attachment of the cloth
or velvet to the framing of the inside panel is not destroyed.
This improved Venetian ventilator can also be fitted into and flush with the
bottom or under curve panel of the front boot of any carriage with the same
advantages for the purpose of preventing rotting or blistering by damp, and will
also allow the boot to be easily cleaned without collecting any water or moisture.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henry Shiels in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 11th
November 1880.
HENRY SHIELS, of 19, Balfour Street, Leith, in the County of Midlothian,
North-Britain, Coach-builder. "NEW OR IMPROVED MODE OR MEANS AND
APPLIANCES OR FITTINGS FOR VENTILATING AND PREVENTING DAMP ROT IN
RAILWAY, TRAMWAY, OR ROAD CARRIAGES, AND OTHER SIMILAR CLOSE VEHICLES."
My said Invention relates to a new or improved mode or means and appliances
or fittings for ventilating railway, tramway, or road carriages, and other similar
close vehicles, which is also designed to prevent the rotting, blistering, or dete-
riorating by damp of the parts of the carriages to which the improved fittings are
applied.
And in order that my said Invention and the manner of performing the same
may be properly understood I have hereunto appended a Sheet of explanatory
Drawings showing my improved ventilating appliances fitted to carriage doors.
Figure 1 is an elevation showing the inside panel of a carriage door A, and
illustrating the application of my improvements thereto, and Figure 2 is a
transverse vertical section of the same, while Figure 3 is an clevation similar to
Figure 1, but showing a modified form of my improved ventilating appliances or
fittings B.
Referring to these Drawings the Invention consists in fitting the lower inner
panel (or it might be the outer panel) or under parts of the doors A of railway,
tramway, or road carriages or vehicles with a small Venetian or ornamental
ventilator, grating, or shutter B open to the recess C in the door panel in which the
window frame rests when it is let down. The ventilator B may be formed with
the door panel A itself by cutting upwardly and inwardly inclined or angled
transverse slots in it, or inserting angled and movable or fixed cross bars, similar to
those of a Venetian blind or shutter, in an opening cut at or near the bottom of
the panel at about the lowest point to which the window sash frame reaches,
or otherwise, as shown in Figure 2, by cutting or forming a rectangular, or it might
be round, oval, or other shaped opening at this lower part A' of the door panel,
and fitting a Venetian shutter framing or grating B therein, which may be made
of vulcanite, ebonite, or other hard dark polished material, or of wood, paper wood,
or metal suitably painted or varnished and ornamented. This Venetian ventilator
or grating B admits a free passage or current of air, as indicated by the arrows,
through the window recess C in the door panels A from the interior or exterior of
the carriage, depending on whether the grating B is fitted in the inner or outer
panel; and the grating B also allows of the escape through it of the rain or
wasbing and cleaning water which may enter this window recess C. Instead of
forming the ventilator B like a Venetian shutter it may be cut out of the lower
part A of the panel A in the form of an ornamental grating, as shown in Figure 2;
or the grating may be made of any other ornamental pattern or design
door panels B and the glass frames are thus kept thoroughly dry and free from
moisture, and are not liable as hitherto to rot or blister outside, and the attach-
ment of the cloth or velvet to the glass frames sliding in the recess C is not
destroyed.
The
This improved Venetian or ornamental ventilator can also be fitted into and flush
with the bottom or under curved panel of the front "boot" of any carriage, with
the same advantages, for the purpose of preventing rotting or blistering by damp,
and it will also allow the "boot" to be easily cleaned without collecting any water
or moisture.

page_text: •
Having thus particularly described my said Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I wish it to be understood that what I consider to be novel
and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to mo by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
The construction or application and use in the doors of railway, tramway, or
road carriages or vehicles, of a Venetian or ornamental grating formed in the lower
part of the inner or outer panel of the door, substantially as and for the purposes
herein described in reference to and as shown in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Shiels, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Ninth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
HENRY SHIELS. (L.S.)