matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING BODIES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Scott at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 14th December 1877.
JAMES SCOTT, of Helensburgh, in the County of Dumbarton, North Britain,
Engineer. "A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING BODIES."
This Invention, which relates to a new or improved apparatus for propelling
bodies, is constituted of a combination of levers, rods, and springs, whereby with
alternately applying and releasing a weight upon the apparatus, it causes the body
to which it is applied to be propelled over the surface on which the body stands, or
is supported.
The apparatus consists of an upper and lower horizontal bar, which are coupled
together by one, two, or more other members with moveable joints, so that when
the apparatus is in operation the opposite pairs of members move parallel to each
other.
The arrangement is such that when applied to move a body, that body
alternately rests directly on the surface over which it is to be propelled, and
indirectly through the medium of the apparatus constituting this Invention, so that
when the member or members of the apparatus which support the horizontal
members have the weight applied to it or them, the body, together with the weight,
is impelled forwards by virtue of the member or members, by which the horizontal
members are coupled, being caused to fall from a slightly inclined to a more inclined
position. In this position the body itself again rests upon the surface over which
it is propelled, and the weight on the horizontal members of the apparatus being
released at the same time, those springs attached to the horizontal members raise
them up to the height from which they have been caused by the weight to descend,
and the other springs, or those attached to the member or members by which the
horizontal members are coupled, pull it or them into a nearly vertical position in
readiness for another propelling action so soon as the weight is applied.
This apparatus may be applied for economically propelling bodies, such as
carriages, hobbyhorses, or other comparatively light machines, wherein, for example,

page_text: the insistent weight of the human body can be alternately transferred from the body
or machine to be propelled to the propelling mechanism. The body or bodies, or
machine to which the apparatus herein-before described is applied for propulsion,
may also be provided with a steering wheel or the equivalent thereof, for directing
it in any required line or motion
A NEW OR IMPROVED MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Adrien Bonneville at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th January 1877 Communicated
by Christian Fink, a person resident at Verviers, in the Kingdom of Belgium,
Merchant.
HENRY ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices, 18, Rue
de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, France, and 6, Piccadilly, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent
"A NEW OR IMPROVED MOTIVE POWER" Communicated by
Christian Fink, a person resident at Verviers, in the Kingdom of Belgium,
Merchant
This Invention relates to a new or improved motivo power working by means of
compressed air. It consists in the combination of a cylinder, in which a chemical
gas has been previously engendered or the air compressed, and of a beam engine
Upon the said beam is arranged a moveable cylinder carried on rollers running in
grooves in the upper surface of the beam Inside the said cylinder is fitted a
piston, which is kept immoveable in the centre of the beam by a double rod, the
outer ends of which are fixed on uprights rising from the ends of the beam. The
moveable cylinder on the beam is loaded at each extremity with a weight corres-
ponding to the amount of pressure to be overcome
The initial motion is transmitted to the beam by the gas or compressed air in the
first cylinder, flowing through feeding pipes into two vertical cylinders under each
end of the beam, and acting on pistons, the rods of which are hinged on to the said
beam The oscillating motion of the latter causes the moveable cylinder with the
stationary piston to slide alternately from one end to the other of the said beam,
and the compressed air by this oscillating motion in the said cylinder, as well as
that in four other stationary cylinders under the beam, to which are hinged the
rods of the pistons working in the said cylinders by delivery pipes, is driven back
into the first cylinder, from which by means of other suitable delivery pipes the
said compressed air acts on any machinery to which the new or improved motive
power is applied.
LMPROVED SAFETY GEAR WITH CRANK MOTION FOR SIGNALS AND RAILWAY POINTS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Ernest Etlinger at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th March 1877.
JOHN ERNEST ETLINGER, a Resident Engincer, in the service of the Great Indian
Peninsula Railway Company, now of 3, New Broad Street, in the City of London.
* LMPROVED SAFETY GEAR WITH CRANK MOTION FOR SIGNALS AND RAILWAY
POINTS."
"
That the gear is so constructed as to turn a signal on and off within a
"minimum" space and time, and with an "interval" of rest between the turning on
and the turning off of the signal. That applied to indicator signals of railway
points, on a point being opened to " rather less" than the maximum allowed wheel-
play of say one inch," the indicator is instantly turned on to "danger," that it
"remains so" till the opposite point rail is" within" the same distance of closing, and
is not fully turned off to "all-right" till such point rail is well home and the points
safe. That whereas the turning of indicator signals generally in use is "
portionate" to the movement of the points which extends from 4 to 5 inches, tho
turning by means of the improved gear is reduced to a movement of the points
not exceeding one inch, the signal therefore indicating "danger" so long as the
points are not practically safe to cross.
pro-
The above improved action is produced by a crank plate with slot fixed to the
signal rod (or stem), and acted upon by a pin working in the slot and forming part
of the draw-bar or other gear in use.
1. For the ordinary "full points" a crank plate with two slots and two corre-
sponding pins are required; whilst,―
2. For single slip or catch rails, a crank plate with one slot and one pin only are
necessary.
3. For nightwork, lamps with coloured light of the usual description are fixed to
the signal rod (or sten) in the usual manner.
PROVEMENTS IN AUTOMATIC RAKES FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH HORIZONTAL ROTATING FURNACES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Dryden Mease at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th June 1877.
"IM-
GEORGE DRYDEN MEASE, of the Lake Chemical Works, South Shields.
PROVEMENTS IN AUTOMATIC RAKES FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH HORIZONTAL
ROTATING FURNACES."
This Invention has for its object improvements in automatic rakes for use in
connection with horizontal rotating furnaces.
For the purpose of discharging the material from furnaces having rotating beds
mounted upon vertical axes, such as are sometimes used in decomposing salt and
producing sulphate of soda, I employ a rake or scraper provided with a long
handle, which is jointed at an intermediate point in its length to the upper end of
a rocking lever placed in front of the mouth of the furnace. The lever at its lower
end is mounted upon an horizontal axis, and by a connecting rod or rods it is
caused to rock in a vertical plane to and from the centre of the furnace bed. The
outer portion of the rake handle passes between two vertical guide bars, and it
plays up and down between them.
When the rocking arm moves in an outward direction, or away from the centre
of the furnace bed, it draws the rake head up the inclined side of the bed, and the
outer end of the rake handle makes a corresponding downward movement between
the guides. When it is nearly in its lowest position it passes between a pair of
catches which yield to allow it to pass. On the return stroke commencing, the
outer portion of the rake handle soon comes again into contact with the catches,
which in this direction will not open to allow it to pass, and consequently during
the remainder of the stroke this end of the rake handle is kept down, whilst the
rake head is lifted and carried forward above the material upon the furnace bed.
As the rake completes its inward stroke the end of its handle escapes from the
catches; the bandle being made just of a length to do so. The rake head then
falls by its own weight down to the bottom of the furnace bed, unless previously
stopped by the material upon it, and on the recurrence of the outward stroke a
portion of the material is raked from the bed and discharged down an incline into
a suitable receptacle.
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PIPES FOR SMOKING TOBACCO IN
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George William Jenings at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th April 1877.
GEORGE WILLIAM JENINGS, Merchant, 97, Newgate Street, London.
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PIPES FOR SMOKING TOBACCO IN."
"IMPROVE-
And is intended to prevent the oil or nicotine from the tobacco entering the bowl of
the pipe, or being drawn into the mouth of the smoker, for which purpose I con-
struct the pipe in three detatchable peices, viz., the bowl, the cylinder, and the
mouth-peice. In the stem of the bowl I insert a tube of ivory or other matereal,
also a similar tube in the end of the mouth-peice, or simply turn the ends down to
a point.
When the pipe is together and in use smoking, the oil or nicotine collects in the
cylinder, and is prevented from entering the bowl and damping the tobacco by the
tube in the stem of the bowl or entering the mouth-peice or mouth of the smoker
by the tube in the end of the mouth-peice.
By simply drawing the bowl from the cylinder, the oil or nicotine collected in
the cylinder can be emptied out as often as is neccessary.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MARINERS' COMPASSES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Adkins at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 28th April 1877.
JOHN ADKINS, of Upper East Smithfield, in the County of Middlesex, Optician
and Compass Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MARINERS'
COMPASSES."
My Invention has for its object to prevent the vibration or occilitating of the
compass card in rough weather, and to cause a proper course to be steered.
The improvement consists in fixing a small conical or other shape half ball or
balls, so that the pin which carries the card passes through a hole in the top of the
ball; I then suspend from the card with wires or any other substance, any number of
balls, made of any material I please, so that they steady the compass card in its
occillations, not interfering with the magnet direction of the needle; this I claim as
entirely new.
AN IMPROVED 'DIP PIPE FOR GAS WORKS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Foulis, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED 'DIP
PIPE FOR GAS WORKS."
Sealed the 18th January 1878, and dated the 2nd November 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Foulis at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd November 1877.
WILLIAM FOULIS, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Civil
Engineer. "AN IMPROVED DIP PIPE FOR GAS WORKS."
This Invention, which relates to an improved "dip pipe" for gas works, has for
its object on the one hand to prevent the irregular or intermittent flow of gas into
the hydraulic main, as well as to prevent or diminish the deposition of carbon in the
retorts, and on the other hand to cause the flow thereof froni the retorts into
the hydraulic main to be continuous and regular. These objects are effected by the
improved "dip pipe" constituting this Invention, and wherein the improvement
consists in allowing the gas to pass into the hydraulic main through a number of
small slits or perforations formed in the part of the " dip pipe" which dips into the
water and tar in the hydraulic main.
The bottom of the "dip pipe" may be closed, or it may be left open and increased
in length, so as to increase the seal and prevent the gas passing by the bottom of
the pipe.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATORS
Year: 1877

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Harlow at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 9th July 1877. A communication from
abroad by Reuben Hawarth, of New York, in the United States of America.
ROBERT HARLOW, of Heaton Norris, in the County of Lancaster, Brass Founder.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATORS." [A communication from abroad by Reuben
Hawarth, of New York, in the United States of America.]
This Invention relates to an improved construction of regulating lubricator for
lubricating revolving and otherwise moving surfaces, and consists of a suitable cup-
shaped vessel mounted upon a perforated standard, screwed or otherwise prepared
for fixing to the pedestal or bearing. This cup-chaped vessel is provided with a lid
capable of screwing into such cup, and having a central depending spindle which
acts as a regulator in closing or opening an orifice at the bottom of the cup. By
screwing down or unscrewing the lid the amount of lubricating material passing
may be regulated to the greatest nicety, the quantity passing being seen
through the perforated standard.
A modification suitable for lubricating crank pins is arranged as follows:-The
lubricator, constructed as described, is mounted upon a suitable standard over the
crank. The lubricant is received upon a web of fibrous material. A. receiving cup
is fixed upon the connecting rod end, which cup is provided with a flexible doffing
blade or scraper, so that as the crank comes round at each revolution the doffing
blade scrapes the oil from the fibrous material into the cup, which in turn passes it
on to the crank pin.
IMPROVED FIRE-PLACE OR KITCHEN RANGE, SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ARTIZANS AND LABOURERS COTTAGES AND DWELLINGS."
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Charles Smyth at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th June 1877.
"AN
ALEXANDER CHARLES SMYTH, of Dublin, in the County of Dublin, Ireland.
IMPROVED FIRE-PLACE OR KITCHEN RANGE, SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ARTIZANS
AND LABOURERS COTTAGES AND DWELLINGS."
My said Invention is designed to produce a simple, inexpensive, and durable fire-
place or range adapted for artizans and labourers dwellings. To this end I construct
the oven as follows:-An L shaped plate of wrought iron forms the side next to
the grate and the upper part or heating plate of the oven. The back of the oven,
and the side farthest from the grate, are made up with brick work, and the bottom
is formed by the hearth stone, on which the range or apparatus rests.
front of the oven, composed in the above manner, is covered by a door which is
The entire
hinged to the vertical side of the above-described L shaped iron plate.
The grate is constructed of front bars, the one ends of which are secured imme-
diately to the vertical side of the fuel space, near the edge of the above-described
angle plate, while the other ends of the said bars are secured to a corresponding
vertical plate on the opposite side of the fuel space. The bottom bars are secured, in
like manner, at any suitable distanco down from the top edge of the side plates,
while the back is made up in the ordinary manner with brickwork. In order to
continue the licating surface of my improved fire-place or range, I propose to slide
an iron plate to cover the fuel space, or, in other words, to cover the space between
the two side plates immediately over the fire, and thereby to form a continuous
heating surface, as may be required.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CONSUMING SMOKE
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Philip Davies at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 10th August 1877.
PHILIP DAVIES, of Mold, in the County of Flint; Clerk in Holy Orders. "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CONSUMING SMOKE."
This Invention relates to improvements in apparatus for consuming smoke and
utilising the waste caused by imperfect combustion in furnaces for producing steam
and for other purposes.
The apparatus consists of a series of globular or other suitably shaped chambers
with a spiral tube or tubes, some or all of which may be encased in an oval or
other form of drum or chamber.
The first chamber where the combustibles are placed has one or more orifices or
tubes at the back, where atmospheric air is admitted, and is mixed or combined
with the products of combustion in the chamber. This opens into a second
chamber of similar construction, where the heat is polarized and admitted through
an orifice at the 'back into a spiral tube of suitable dimensions and number of coils.
This second chamber and spiral tube, or coil, may be repeated if necessary any
number of times, and the end of the last of the series of the globular chambers
and coils, and connected with the last coil (if more than one) is another chamber
which may be of similar shape to the others, through which the remainder of the
heat is passed, and is freed from its useful caloric, and whence it passes away to the
chimney or other outlet, or it may be admitted into a second or third series of
similar chambers and coils, but with the difference of the addition of the waste
steam from the cylinders of a steam engine, which may be admitted to combine
with it instead of common air.
The chambers and tubes of the first series (if more than one series be used),
excepting in some cases, the first or combustion chamber and the last one may be
surrounded with a drum or casing of proper size and shape, and constructed of iron
or other suitable material, which drum or casing may be placed within the boiler
when the apparatus is used for the generation of steam.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COUNTERPANES, QUILTS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Lindley at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd November 1877.
JOSEPH LINDLEY, of the City of Manchester, Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
COUNTERPANES, QUILTS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES."
This Invention refers to those classes of woven articles, such as counterpanes and
quilts, which are manufactured with a pattern on the outside, and which cannot
consequently be turned down or folded back, for instance, at the head of the bed-
stead, without disclosing the inner side of such fabrics, which have hitherto been
an eyesore, inasmuch as the pattern is either absent, or not the same on the
inside.
Now this Invention consists in so weaving articles that at the head, or at
any other part which is required to be turned down or folded back, the pattern at
that part shall be produced upon the reverse side of such articles, so that when so
turned down as aforesaid the disfigurement herein-before mentioned shall be
obviated.
This is effected by the cards which are employed with the jacquard machine or
other equivalent appliance to form the reverse pattern being cut the exact reverse
of those forming the ordinary portion of the cloth, and whereby the sheddings of
the warp are varied so as to throw the pattern on the back or reverse side of the
cloth for the purpose described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Hargreaves Brigg at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd July 1877.
THOMAS HARGREAVES BRIGG, Machine Maker, of Vulcan Iron Works, Dudley
Hill, near Bradford, in the County of York. 'IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
This Invention relates to employing a pulling-back motion, enabling the weaver
to turn back the warp bean when the warps become deranged. For this purpose
I fit on one of the warp beam ends a catch wheel, which is actuated by a catch
lever constructed of rod iron bent into the form of a triangle with a loop at the
apex, and with rounded angles at the base and welded at the bottom;
bottom end is fitted on a crank lever formed on a long lever; the fulcrum of this
lever fits on an inclined stud which is fixed to the end of the low cross rail of the
loomi.
the
When the warps become deranged the weaver works the long lever up and down,
thereby actuating the bent iron rod lever which actuates the catch wheel, turning
back the warp beam or pulling back.
Instead of the long lever I may employ a bell crank, to which is fitted a con-
necting rod having at the end a foot lever which is fitted in front of the loom; the
weaver by working the foot lever actuates the bent iron rod lever, actuating the
catch wheel, thereby pulling back in front of the loom; or I may fix on the top of
the loom end a stud, on which I fit a lever having a cranked end, to which is fitted
a bent iron rod which actuates the catch wheel; the top end of the lever is fitted
with a connecting rod passing over the top of the loom, allowing the pulling back
in front of the loom; or the connecting rod may pass, inclined downwards, and be
connected to a foot lever.
AN IMPROVED MUSICAL WIND INSTRUMENT
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th March 1877. A communication
from abroad by Thomas Zach, of Vienna, Austria, Manufacturer of Musical
Instruments.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "AN IMPROVED MUSICAL WIND INSTRUMENT."
A communication from abroad by Thomas Zach, of Vienna, Austria, Manufacturer
of Musical Instruments.
This Invention has for its object a musical wind instrument of a simple and
portable construction, and easily to be handled. The instrument is
formed of clay, and then baked or burnt; it is to be called the "Ocarina."
preferably
A suitable shape is shown in the accompanying Drawings.
Figure 1 is a view from one side; Figure 2, from the other side; Figure 3 is a
section through the line x, x, Figure 2; and Figure 4 shows the way of using the
instrument.
a is the mouth-piece; bis the slit by which the air escapes from the mouth-
piece; o is a hole which remains continually open; 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10
are holes which can be stopped with the fingers. By blowing in at the mouth-
piece and opening and closing the holes with the fingers different tunes may be
played.
Without departing from the substance of this Invention the size of the instru-
ment and the number of the holes may be varied, or the latter may be provided
with keys like a flute.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BOBBINS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Andrew Reid at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st September 1877.
_ANDREW REID, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar, North Britain, Wood Turner.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BOBBINS."
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of bobbins generally,
but is especially applicable to rove, spinning, twisting, and warp bobbins, and the
object of the said Invention is to prevent the warping or twisting and falling apart
of the ends or heads and shank or body, and to render the bobbins strong and
durable.
In constructing a bobbin according to this Invention, the ends or beads of the
bobbin, having been turned to fit the shank or body as usual, are placed upon the
said shank or body, and one or more metal or wood pins is or are passed from the
sides of the ends or heads and through the sides of the shanks or body in a direction
at or about right angles to the axis of the bobbin, and, by preference, transversely
to the grain of the wood of which the ends or heads of the bobbin are made. The
said pin or pins is or are of such a length as to extend across or nearly across the
head from side to side, and is or are put through at such a distance from the diameter
of the bobbin head as to pass clear of the hole through the bobbin for the bobbin
spindle, at the same time acting as a key or keys, firmly securing the parts
together.
It is preferred to use two pins, one on either side of the centre of the bobbin
through the head and shank.
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ambler Pemberton at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th August 1877.
AMBLER PEMBERTON, of Bradford, in the County of York, Overlooker.
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
" IMPROVE-
This Invention relates to improved apparatus by the use of which the concussion
of picker and buffer are greatly reduced, and the wear and tear of pickers, buffers,
and check straps is reduced to a minimum.
According to this my Invention I attach to the shuttle box one end of a spring,
such spring being by preference a strip or lath of wood. The free end of the spring
is caused to protrude from the shuttle box by means of a wedge attached to the
spring, and occupying a position between the box and the lath spring at its fast end.
To the free end of the spring one end of the check strap is attached, so that when the
picker comes in contact with the buffer attached to the other end of the check strap,
the lath spring acts, easing the buffer, and preventing violent impinging and
concussion of the picker upon and against the buffer.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN WATER GAUGE FITTINGS FOR STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Archibald Duncan Hunter at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd March 1877.
ARCHIBALD DUNCAN HUNTER, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain. "AN IMPROVEMENT IN WATER GAUGE FITTINGS FOR STEAM BOILERS."
This Invention, which relates to an improvement in water gauge fittings for
steam boilers, consists in mounting the fittings which contain the gauge cocks and
hold the gauge glass upon two hollow "stools," one for the upper the other for the
lower branch of the gauge, intermediate between the face of the boiler and the
gauge fittings, in place of, as is usual, mounting the gauge directly on to the boiler
face. These "stools" are fitted cach with a plug or cock, so that communication
between the water in the boiler and the water gauge cocks or gauge glass can be
shut off or opened instantly whenever required by simply turning the plugs or
cocks into the open or shut position.
.
The especial object of mounting the water gauge upon a "stool or " stools"
fitted with a cock or cocks, as herein-before described, is to enable the gauge to be
taken off, examined, repaired, or replaced at any time, without the necessity of
either dropping the fire, blowing off the boiler, or in any way interfering with the
continuous working of the boiler, which results when it is required to repair,
examine, or replace a water gauge when mounted directly on to the boiler face,
an effect of the "stools" fitted with cocks or plugs, as herein-before described, being
that communication from the outside with the interior of the boiler is closed during
the time the gauge is taken off or examined.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ALARMS FOR BICYCLES AND OTHER ROAD VEHICLES, ALSO APPLICABLE TO BELLS GENERALLY."
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Hudson Wright at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th September 1877.
SAMUEL HUDSON WRIGHT, of No. 19, Castle Street, in the City of Dublin.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ALARMS FOR BICYCLES AND OTHER ROAD VEHICLES, ALSO
APPLICABLE TO BELLS GENERALLY."
My Invention relates to the construction of an alarm bell for bicycles and other
road vehicles, in which the clapper or loose ball is under control, so that when
required it can be prevented from sounding. For this purpose I attach the bell
(which may either be of the closed spherical form, known as "ferret bells," or of
the ordinary open form) to the one end of a flat spring, the other end of which is
secured to the bicycle or other vehicle, so that the vibration of the spring on the
motion of the bicycle will cause the bell to sound. The clapper or sounding ball is
attached to a cord that passes through a hole in the bell, and has its other end con-
nected to a stud passing through a longitudinal slot in the spring, in which it can
be secured in any position by means of a thumbscrew or nut. By fixing the said
stud in the end of the slot nearest the bell, the cord allows the clapper to move
freely in the bell so as to sound it; but if the stud is drawn back in the slot the
cord draws the clapper close up against the inner surface of the bell and thus pre-
vents it from sounding.
In order effectually to prevent any sound, the hole through which the controlling
cord passes may be bushed with wood, leather, or caoutchouc, against which the
clapper is drawn.
It is evident that my above-described Invention may be applied to all bells, the
sounding of which may at times require to be prevented.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN COATING OR COVERING SEA-GOING AND OTHER VESSELS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Field at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st February 1877.
WALTER FIELD, of the Firm of Field, Field, and Cotton, Consulting Engineers, of
Chandos Chambers, Adelphi, in the County of Middlesex "AN IMPROVEMENT IN
COATING OR COVERING SEA-GOING AND OTHER VESSELS"
My Invention has reference to an unprovement upon the Invention forming the
subject of Letters Patent, No 3101, gianted tho 3id August 1876, to Fiederic
Pelham Waren and Edward Field.
According to that Invention to protect from incrustation or adherence of organic
matters and fiom corrosion the surfaces of ships and other vessels, the surfaces to
be protected are coated with cements in conjunction with a covering of paper
external to the coment Now my Invention has for its object to prevent the
external coverings of paper from leaving the cement, as it is liable to do when
exposed to the action of fresh water. To this end I interpose a layer or stratum of
waterproof substance between the external covering of paper and the cement with
which the surface to bo protected is coated
In carrying out my Invention I, by preference, coat with the waterproof
substance (which may be manne glue) that surface of the paper which is intended
to be laid against the cement When marine glue is used it hardens before the
glued surface of the paper is placed on the cement.
Sometimes, instead of spreading the cement directly over the surface of the vessel
to be protected, it may be spread over the water proof substance with which the
paper has been covered, and the paper thus doubly coated may be laid on to the
vessel to which the cement will securely hold it
My Invention is applicable not only to the sheathing of floating vessels but also
to the coating of the interior portions of such vessels to protect them fiom corrosion,
and to prevent what is known as "sweating" in iron ships, pontoons, and the like.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COVERING AND INSULATING WIRE
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edgar William Beckingsalo at tho
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th February 1877
EDGAR WILLIAM BECKINGSALE, of 23, Lugley Street, Newport, Isle of Wight.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COVERING AND INSULATING WIRE"
This Invention has for its object improvements in covering and insulating wire,
and consists in covering wire with paper or paper pulp in such a manner that the
paper envelope shall form a continuous length without seam or lapping, except at
considerable intervals, such as in places where Joints in the wire occur.
covering may be applied either to a naked wue or to a wire which is already
covered.
This
The purpose of the paper covering is that of protection from injuries of the
enclosed wue, or of the enclosed wie and material surounding it, the injuries to
be guarded against being of a mechanical or chemical nature, or the purpose may
be for the electrical insulation of the wire, or of the wire and material surrounding
it, or for the strengthening of the wire to resist strains
IMPROVEMENTS IN DISENGAGING OR DIS- CONNECTING APPARATUS FOR SHIPS' BOATS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd June 1877. A communication
from abroad by Thomas Thomson, of Bluff Harbour, Otago, New Zealand,
Harbour Master.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN DISENGAGING OR DIS-
CONNECTING APPARATUS FOR SHIPS' BOATS." [A communication from abroad by
Thomas Thomson, of Bluff Harbour, Otago, New Zealand, Harbour Master.]
My improvements relate to apparatus in which a lever having a hook at one end
and a knob or catch at the other, swivels on a fixed pin passing through a hole in
the bend of the said hook, and between two short uprights. The latter are just
wide enough apart to allow the said lever to pass freely between them, and just far
enough from the swivel pin to lock the hook, and so prevent the possibility of any
link or connection releasing itself from such hook until the point of the hook is
lifted free of such uprights.
The ring or link at the end of the hauling gear is passed over the hook, which is
then locked by bringing down the lever into a horizontal position. In this position
it is held by means of another ring or equivalent contrivance passing over the knob
or catch at the end of the said lever. This last named ring is at the end of a steel
wire rope, which passes through a tube extending along the bottom of the boat, and
at its other extremity is connected to the end of a lever similar to that already
described, so that the gear at either end may act simultaneously. When the ring is
on the lever the boat is connected to the lowering gear, but when it is slipped off,
the hooked ends of the two levers swing up and release simultaneously the two
ends of the hauling gear. The said ring is held in position until the required
moment, when it is slipped off, the hauling gear instantaneously releasing itself at
both ends, and the boat is free. The hooked levers and their connections are
attached, by preference, to the stem and stern posts respectively, but they may be
placed in any other convenient positions.
AN IMPROVED WEATHER INDICATOR
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Melville Clark at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th July 1877. A communication
from abroad by Madame Veuve Lefebvre, née Elise Caroline Bonzans, of
Paris, France.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent.
"AN IMPROVED WEATHER INDICATOR." [A communication from
abroad by Madame Veuve Lefebvre, née Elise Caroline Bonzans, of Paris, France.].
This Invention consists in the employment of a sheet of paper or other fabric
or material, rendered hygrometric by glycerine, chloride of calcium, or of sodium,
or other hygrometric substance mixed with a metallic or other salt susceptible
of changing color in the presence of water, or of becoming more or less deeply
colored.
Many mineral or vegetable substances possess the property of becoming colored or
decolorized in the presence of water. The substance that I employ by preference is
chloride of cobalt, for the reason that it is more in harmony with the appearance of
the sky at the time when it indicates rainy or fine weather.
According to this Invention the sheet of paper is soaked in chloride of cobalt,
glycerine, and chloride of sodium. In the humid state this sheet of paper is of a
pink color, but when the air becomes dry, carries off a portion of the moisture, the
pink color becomes first red, then changes to violet, and afterwards to a greenish
blue, the color of the sky. If while in this state the atmosphere again becomes
humid the hygrometric portion of the paper absorbs moisture from the air, the salts
change or lose their color, according to the degree of humidity of the air, and the
color of the paper returns from blue to violet, red, and pink successively.
As a standard or means of comparison by which to estimate the hygrometric
condition of the atmosphere, a series of permanent colors corresponding to the above
changes are placed alongside the hygrometric paper with indications as to the kind
of weather to be expected annexed to each; thus violet indicates changeable weather
when the hygrometric paper assumes this color; blue indicates fine weather, and
pink, rain.

page_text: This Invention therefore consists in the employment of paper fabric or other
material, rendered hygrometric by the application of a product susceptible of
changing color, according to the amount of humidity present in the atmosphere, as
a means of foretelling the weather either with or without a series of permanent
colors as a standard of comparison.
This improved weather indicator may assume any convenient form and be
combined with various articles, for instance paper fabrics or other materials,
prepared as above mentioned, may be made into reflectors, sunshades, banners
carried by statuettes, and bearing words which appear and disappear, and change
their tint, chameleon charms, fans, screens, and such like.
IMPROVEMENTS IN REFRIGERATORS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Colquhoun Jeffrey at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th June 1877. A communi-
cation from abroad by William G. Stahlnecker, of Paris, in the Republic of
France.
ALEXANDER COLQUHOUN JEFFREY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Merchant. "IMPROVEMENTS IN REFRIGERATORS." A communication from abroad
by William G. Stahlnecker, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
This Invention relates more especially to refrigerators employed in the conveyance
of fresh meat, fish, fruit, and other perishable articles.
The object is to obtain a refrigerating space, through which there shall be a
natural circulation of cold dry air, or nearly dry air. For this purpose I construct
a metallic refrigerating chamber, and surround such chamber on all sides with ice
contained in a space between the said refrigerating chamber and a jacket, preferably
made of non-conducting material. I lead pipes down through the space between
the refrigerating chamber and the jacket; one or more of such pipes I connect to the
bottom of the refrigerating chamber, and one or more to the top of the refrigerating
chamber, the other ends of the pipes open to the atmosphere.
If it is desired to ensure that the air circulating through the refrigerator shall be
dry, the said air before entering the pipe or pipes leading to the bottom of the
refrigerator is caused to pass through a vessel containing caustic lime or other
moisture absorbing substance.
In applying my said Invention to a railway car, the interior of the car is first
lined with felt or non-conducting material in any desired or well-known way. The
refrigerating chamber is then placed inside the car, the circulation pipes connected,
and the space between the refrigerating chamber and sides and top of the car filled
with ice. By preference double doors are employed to give access to the interior of
the refrigerating chamber.
A NEW MECHANICAL FASTENER FOR DRESSES, SCARVES, AND OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick William Kuschmann and
Leopold Hirschfeld at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th
June 1877.
FREDERICK WILLIAM KUSCHMANN, of 18, Bunhill Row, St. Lukes, and LEOPOLD
HIRSCHFELD, of 3, Spencer Street, both in the County of Middlesex, Manufacturers.
"A NEW MECHANICAL FASTENER FOR DRESSES, SCARVES, AND OTHER USEFUL
PURPOSES."
This Invention consists of a novel arrangement of mechanism to be inserted in
the inside of an artificial head, such as the head of a bird, squirrel, or other heads.
The object is to make an ornamental fastener, especially adapted for ladies' neckties,
dress holders, scarves, and such like articles or garments. The mouth is opened by
means of pressure applied by the thumb and finger from the back of the head, and
when released the mouth holds fast anything that may be put in.
The mechanism consists of two plates, one for the upper jaw, the other for the
lower jaw, and about midway between each of the plates are two holes; the tongue
or portion forming the interior of the holes are bent up and form two lips, with
holes in the centre; the two plates are put together, and the top and bottom lips
meet, and being joined together form a hinge joint. On the plates and between
these lips is fixed a coiled spiral or other shaped spring, of sufficient power that the
front end of the plates shall always be closed until pressure from the other end
causes it to open. The ends of the spring are elongated so as to distribute the
pressure over the entire surface of the plates.
The advantages over the fasteners now in use is, that no pins are required and
the garments or other articles are not injured by rust; the front portion of the
plates forming the mouth is covered with a soft material, and generally I adopt a
material of a red color, so as to resemble the inside of a mouth, the coiled spring
representing or looking like teeth.
The head is covered with seal, rabbit, or any other suitable skin, also felt or other

page_text: suitable material. We make no claim to the artificial heads themselves, only so far
as they are made in combination with the mechanism before described for giving
force and pressure and actuating the mouth.
It is obvious the principle is equally applicable to any size, and the parts may bo
made of any suitable material.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SPREADING PLASTIC OR OTHER SUBSTANCES OR LIQUIDS UPON WOVEN FABRICS, PAPER, AND OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Walton at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th November 1877.
WILLIAM WALTON, of the Haughton Dale Mills, Denton, in the County of
Lancaster, Wire Card Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SPREADING
PLASTIC OR OTHER SUBSTANCES OR LIQUIDS UPON WOVEN FABRICS, PAPER, AND
OTHER MATERIALS."
My improved apparatus consists of a trough, which is in most cases heated by a
steam jacket or other equivalent. At one side or end of the trough is a serrated
strickle, above which is a press roller which bears upon the edge of the strickle.
In the trough is a roller, which is connected to the press roller by a strap or
gearing.
The plastic or liquid substance having been placed in the trough, the fabric, paper,
or other material to be covered is passed over the last-mentioned roller, and then
taken between the strickle and the press roller; the fabric, paper, or other material
is then drawn through the apparatus; the motion given to the fabric, paper, or other
material causes the press roller to revolve, and this rotary motion is imparted by
the strap or other gearing to the second roller; by this means the plastic or liquid
substance is applied to the under side of the fabric, paper, or other material, and the
excess is scraped off by the strickle.
The serrations in the strickle can be made more or less fine, according to the
quantity of the plastic or liquid substance required to be spread on the fabric, paper,
or other material.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR USE IN THE TREATMENT AND CURE OF FEVERS AND OTHER DISEASES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Johnson Hobbs at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th September 1877.
EDWARD JOHNSON HOBBS, of Ramsgate, in the County of Kent, Draper.
" AN
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR USE IN THE TREATMENT AND CURE OF FEVERS AND
OTHER DISEASES."
This Invention relates to improved apparatus to be used in the cure of fevers,
small pox, hydrophobia, measles, and other diseases of a like character.
The apparatus is constructed with two parts connected together by flexible tubing.
One part consists of a suitably shaped steam-tight vessel, or receptacle for hot water
or medicated liquid, made of copper or other suitable metal; this is provided with a
screw plug, and with a union joint, by which the vessel is connected to the tubing,
and when in use is placed over a gentle fire. The other part consists of a steam
reservoir, which is also connected by a union joint to the other end of the tubing,
and is formed of any suitable shape, and fits in a tray into which the condensed
steam drops; the top of the reservoir is perforated with series of holes, and has
also a perforated gallery running round it, and into which cloves, cinnamon, or
other aromatic, deodorising, or disinfecting materials may be placed for freeing the
air (surrounding a patient being treated) from noxious or unpleasant vapors.
When being used for purposes of curing such diseases the patient is placed in a
caned or open-bottomed chair, and well surrounded with blankets, and is provided
with a little tea or other stimulant to cause an opening of the pores of the skin,
and the steam reservoir is placed under the chair, when the steam from the hot
water vessel, which may be at any convenient distance, passes through the tubing
and the reservoir, and passes out through its perforations, and envelopes the patient
in a gentle degree of heat conducive to the speedy cure of the disease, and disinfection
of the surrounding appointments.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE WOVEN GOODS KNOWN AS CORDS, AND IN THE METHOD OF WEAVING THE SAME.
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Newton and John Edward
Newton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd November
1877.
JAMES NEWTON and JOHN EDWARD NEWTON, Trading under the Style of Henry
and John William Lees, at New Royd Mill, Saddleworth, in the County of York.
"AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE WOVEN GOODS KNOWN AS CORDS, AND IN THE
METHOD OF WEAVING THE SAME.'
"
Our Invention relates to the ribbed or corded goods known as cords; such goods
are woven with races of loops or threads "floating" over the ground, and the said
races are cut to form the cords as is well understood.
The principal object of our Invention is to obtain a better result or effect than
previously obtained with a corresponding weight of material.
The improved cloth is woven with six shafts, and with six picks to the round.
In every twelve ends of warp the first and second are drawn together through one
eye or heald; the third and fourth, the seventh and eighth, and the ninth and tenth
ends are similarly drawn together in pairs; the first and second and the seventh
and eighth are drawn through one shaft; the third and fourth and the ninth and
tenth are drawn through a second shaft; each fifth, sixth, eleventh, and twelfth
ends is drawn through a separate shaft.
For one pick, which we will call the first pick, the seventh and eighth and the
fifth and eleventh ends are lifted; for the second pick, the fifth and twelfth ends
are lifted; for the third pick the sixth and eleventh ends are lifted; for the fourth
pick, the third and fourth, the ninth and tenth, and the sixth and twelfth ends are
lifted; for the fifth pick the same ends are lifted as for the second; for the sixth
pick the same ends are lifted as for the third.
=
The cloth may also be woven with eight shafts, in which case each pair of ends
(such as the first and second ends) is drawn through a separate shaft.
The above description refers to each repetition of twelve ends throughout the
width of the warp.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN WHAT ARE COMMONLY CALLED SCREW KEYS OR SPANNERS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Collett and John Greenhalgh
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th May 1877.
GEORGE COLLETT, of Ashton-under-Lyne, in the County of Lancaster; Machine
Maker, and JOHN Greenhalgh, of Bury, in the said County, Mechanic. IMPROVE-
MENTS IN WHAT ARE COMMONLY CALLED SCREW KEYS OR SPANNERS."
<<
Our Invention relates to those screw keys or spanners in which there is a shifting
jaw. This jaw we mount in the lever handle, so as to be capable of being moved
freely by hand in order to adapt it to the screw head or nut, but when so adjusted
the workman by moving a part beneath it fixes it in the required position. Thus
we form the lower part of the said jaw with a series of teeth, beneath which is a
spindle having similar teeth around a portion of its periphery. When the plain
part of the spindle is turned upward the jaw can be moved freely for adjustment,
but when the toothed part is in that position the two series of teeth become in gear
and the jaw is locked.
To facilitate the turning of the said spindle we adapt thereto a small lever, which
passes from the face of the tool when the jaw is locked.