IMPROVEMENTS IN CONNECTING AND FASTENING THE BANDS OF COVERED STEEL OR OTHER MATERIALS USED FOR CRINOLINES
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Colin McDougall, of the City of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Wholesale Warehouseman, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CONNECTING AND FASTENING THE BANDS OF COVERED STEEL
OR OTHER MATERIALS USED FOR CRINOLINES."
Sealed the 16th April 1862, and dated the 21st October 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Colin McDougall at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
October 1861.
I, COLIN M DOUGALL, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lan-
caster,, Wholesale Warehouseman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CONNECTING AND FASTENING THE BANDS OF
COVERED STEEL OR OTHER MATERIALS USED FOR CRINOLINES," to be as follows:-
The ends of the band of covered steel or other material used for crinolines
are passed into a double clip, having at each end a number of semicircular
or angular elastic teeth on both sides, bending inwards in such manner that
the ends of the material can be entered but not withdrawn.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Colin McDougall in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
19th April 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, COLIN
MODOUGALL, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Whole-
sale Warehouseman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Colin McDougall, Her special licence, that I, the said Colin McDougall,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Colin
McDougall, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CONNECTING AND FASTENING THE BANDS OF COVERED STEEL OR OTHER MATERIALS
USED FOR CRINOLINES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Colin M Dougall, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Colin McDougall, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):
-
This Invention consists in passing the ends of the band of covered steel or
other material used for crinolines into a double clip, having at each end a
number of curved or angular elastic teeth on one or both sides, bending
inwards in such manner that the ends of the material can be entered but not
withdrawn, except intentionally.
These improvements will be clearly understood by referring to the figures
and letters on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a top
view of one of my improved double clips with the ends of the crinoline inserted
therein; Fig. 2, a top view of the clip only; and Figs. 3 and 4 are longitudinal

page_text: and transverse sections of the same; Figs. 5 and 6 are top and bottom views
of another of my improved clips, having slits or slots in the back at each end,
for the purpose of rendering the clips more elastic; Fig. 7 is a side, and
Fig. 8, a bottom view of another clip, having slits or slots at the sides of
each end, in order to obtain still greater elasticity; and Fig. 9 is a top view
of a clip having a single row of teeth at each end.
The curved or angular teeth at the ends of the double clips are shewn at a;
they are curved inwards, so that when the ends of the covered band of steel
or other material are passed into the clips the teeth prevent the cloth from
shifting outwards, and thereby hold the ends of the band together in a very
efficient manner.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood
that I claim as my Invention, the connecting and fastening the bands of
covered steel, or other materials used for crinolines, as such improvements are
herein described, and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Colin McDougall, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Colin McDougall,
in the presence of
E. J. HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester..
COLIN MCDOUGALL. (L.S.)