Improvements in and relating to Machines for Automatically Measuring Chocolate or other analogous substances.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Feb., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 7th Nov., 1892-Accepted, 10th Feb., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Machines for Automatically
Measuring Chocolate or other analogous substances.
I, PAUL GUÉRIN of 95 Boulevard Beaumarchais, Paris in the Republic of
France, Inventor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of this invention is a machine to weigh chocolate and other analogous
substances.
A characteristic of the machine is that it works automatically, and in particular
it can be regulated to any weight of matter it may be desired to weigh. Strictly
speaking, it is not a weight which is operated, in fact, the principle consists in
measuring out into a determined space a volume of matter at a determined density;
or, constant volume and density give a constant weight. There is therefore
provided a chamber into which chocolate, for instance, is poured, and, when the
compression, that is to say, the density, of this latter, attains a determined degree,
a little piston comes into play and prevents more being inserted.
I will now describe my improved apparatus, supposing, for example, that the
substance treated is chocolate :-
The chocolate in the form of paste is introduced into a hopper and falls into its
lower part, an endless screw or worm pushes it in the front conical part of the
lower part of the hopper; from thence it is introduced into one of a circle of
cylinders and actuates the piston of the cylinder, which is pushed back up to a
certain depth capable of being regulated by screws.
Further screws or the piston rods serve for regulating the travel of the pistons.
The conical part at the bottom of the hopper can, with advantage, have a
prolonged cylindrical part in such manner that the compression of the chocolate
shall commence before its introduction into its cylinder.
Contemporaneously with the endless screw, pulleys move the gearing which puts
in action a shaft upon which is fixed a coupling part. The chocolate entering the
cylinder pushes back the piston: as soon as the pressure attains the determined
degree so that the density of the chocolate may be such that the measured out
volume multiplied by the pressure gives the desired weight, this pressure lowers a
piston applied underneath the conical part of the lower part of the hopper, which
piston, by means of its spindle, presses upon a lever screwed upon a shaft, and this
lever, jointed to the shaft in question, obliges the moving part of the coupling
before mentioned to engage with its counterpart which actuates a counter shaft
upon which are fixed the wheels, one of which has a ratchet pawl, the other being
a small toothed wheel.
The one wheel obliges the ratchet pawl to rise up and to move the circle of
cylinders engaging with a circle of ratchet teeth.
At the moment when one of the cylinders presents itself at the opening of the
conical part, a catch comes into play and, by means of a cam, disengages the clutch
motion, and thereby the wheel carrying the ratchet pawl, which actuates the circle
of cylinders, will no longer be actuated but be drawn by a spring, and descends
again to the lower ratchet tooth.
Upon the periphery of the ratchet pawl wheel aforesaid, there is a cam which, as
it comes into its lower position, will cause a lever to be lowered and to indirectly
operate upon a further clutch motion.
One part of this latter clutch motion has at its end a prolongation, which carries
at its extremity a lever for pushing the spindle which controls the pistons of the

page_text: cylinders at the moment when one of the cylinders has arrived at the upper part of
its circle, thereby forcing the spindle in question to press upon the rod of the
piston which empties the cylinder and obliges the chocolate to fall into a suitable
receptacle, from whence the workman takes it.
A spring serves to push back into the rear the spindle which controls the pistons
of the cylinders, at the moment when its lever leaves it and re-descends by its own
proper weight.
In the particular case of chocolate, it may he necessary to maintain the relative
fluidity of the mass, and, for this purpose, there is placed below the endless screw
an appropriate heater.
Dated this 9th day of February 1892.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Machines for Automatically
Measuring Chocolate or other analogous substances.
I, PAUL GUÉRIN of 95 Boulevard Beaumarchais, Paris in the Republic of
France, Inventor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :--
The object of this invention is a machine for weighing chocolate and other
analogous substances.
A characteristic of the machine is that it works automatically, and in particular
it can be regulated to any weight of matter it may be desired to weigh. Strictly
speaking, it is not a weighing which is effected, in fact, the principle consists in
enclosing in a given space a volume of matter of a given density, and this constant
volume and density give a constant weight. There is, therefore, provided a chamber
into which chocolate, for instance, is forced, and, when the compression, and con-
sequently the density, of the same, attains a given degree, a piston actuates suitable
mechanism hereinafter described and causes the chamber to be moved away and
another one to take its place.
I will now describe my improved apparatus, reference being made to the accom-
panying drawings which allow of the apparatus and its mode of working being
easily understood and on which-
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the apparatus as a whole, and
Figure 2 is an end view of the same.
Figure 3 is a vertical section of the arrangement of the little piston regulating
the rotation of the charging drum.
Figure 4 is a detail of an arrangement of the piston with an elastic membrane
preventing any contact of the piston and the chocolate.
Figure 5 shows in detail an arrangement for regulating the course of the pistons
for limiting the chamber in which the chocolate is compressed, and
Fig. 6 is a horizontal section through z-z. Fig. 1.
The working of this apparatus is extremely simple.
that the substance treated is chocolate-
Supposing, for example,
The chocolate in the form of paste is introduced into a hopper W" and falls into
its lower part D, an endless screw or worm v pushes it into the front conical part E
of the lower part of the hopper; from thence it is introduced into one of a circle of
cylinders and presses upon the piston s of the cylinder, (each of the latter being
provided with one) which is pushed outwardly to a certain distance capable of
being regulated by screws A A' as shown in Fig. 6. In the drawing two pistons
only are shown, one at the beginning and the other at the end of its stroke.

page_text: Further, nuts W W₁ which are screwed on the parts y y¹ serve to regulate the
inward travel of the piston s.
The conical part E at the bottom of the hopper can, with advantage, have a
prolonged cylindrical part in order to increase the degree of compression of the
chocolate in the cylinder.
Pulleys F F move, in addition to the endless screw V, the gearing bc, which
puts in action a shaft d upon which is fixed a coupling part. The chocolate
entering the cylinder r pushes back the pistons; as soon as the pressure attains
the determined degree so that the density of the chocolate may be such that the
volume enclosed multiplied by the given density yields the desired weight, this
pressure lowers a piston 21 Figs. 3 and 4 applied underneath the conical part E of
the lower part of the hopper, which piston, by means of its spindle p presses upon a
lever n screwed upon the shaft m and a lever 3 jointed to the shaft m in question,
obliges the moving part of the coupling before mentioned to engage with the
part
which actuates a counter shaft A' upon which are fixed the wheels 9 and 12.
The wheel g forces a ratchet pawl 4 to rise and to move the part B by means of
the teeth 2.
•
At the moment when another of the cylinders presents itself at the opening of
the conical part E, the cam / displaces the part and forces the clutch fg to
disengage and thereby the wheel 9 carrying the ratchet pawl, which actuates the
circle of cylinders, will no longer be actuated, but be drawn down by a spring u
and descend again to the lower ratchet tooth.
Upon the periphery of the wheel g, there is a cam 6 which, as it comes into its
lower position, will cause a lever 15 to be lowered and to operate, upon a further
clutch motion 8 and 7 actuated by the wheel 12.
The part 8 of the clutch motion has at its end a prolongation 20 which carries at
its extremity a cam 10 for pushing the lever 11 which actuates the pistons s of the
cylinders r at the moment when one of the same has arrived at the upper part of its
circle B, thereby forcing the lever 11 to press upon the rod y' of each pistons in
succession which empties the cylinders and obliges the chocolate to fall into a
suitable receptacle, from whence the workman takes it.
A spring 14 serves to return the lever 11 at the moment when its cam 10 leaves
it and re-descends by its own weight.
In the particular case of chocolate, it may be necessary to maintain the relative
fluidity of the mass, and, for this purpose, there is placed below the bed of the
endless screw an appropriate heater T.
The piston 21 instead of being directly in contact with the chocolate may be
provided with an elastic membrane 25 placed below the bottom of the cylinder
as shown in Figure 4. This membrane possesses the advantage of preventing
the plastering up which might take place round the piston in consequence of the
chocolate penetrating between piston 21 and cylinder 22.
The rings or nuts A A' which limit the course of the pistons inside the cylinders
as shown in Fig. 6. might come unscrewed under the shaking action of the machine.
In order to remedy this drawback, the rings or nuts A. A have a series of holes
arranged in a circle, Figure 5, and a small bolt 26 actuated by a spring 27 may
render the rings stationary by engaging in one of the holes made in these rings.
A hole 28 bored in the bottom of each cylinder allows the air to escape.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is-
Improvements in and relating to machines of the kind described consisting
essentially in a circle of cylinders which moves forward on the introduction of a
certain amount of material into one of the cylinders, such movement being effected
by means of a small spring regulator piston actuated as hereinbefore described
and acting on a releasing clutch as herein before described, the material contained

page_text: in the circle of cylinders being removed by an adjustable piston contained in
each of the cylinders, these pistons being operated by the arrangement of parts
herein before described.
"
די
1000
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.