AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN GLASS CHIMNEYS FOR LAMPS WITH FLAT. WICKS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Hinks, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT OR
IMPROVEMENTS IN GLASS CHIMNEYS FOR LAMPS WITH FLAT. WICKS."
Sealed the 15th August 1861, and dated the 23rd February 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Hinks at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
February 1861.
I, JAMES HINKS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVE-
MENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN GLASS CHIMNEYS FOR LAMPS WITH FLAT WICKS," to be
as follows:-
My Invention consists in making glass, chimneys for lamps with flat wicks,
as herein-after explained. Chimneys made according to my Invention are
particularly applicable to lamps in which petroline, paraffin, kerosine, and
other volatile hydrocarbons are burned, but are also applicable to lamps in
which heavy or fixed oils are burned. .I make the lower end of the chimney
which fits in the gallery or chimney support of the ordinary cylindrical figure.
Immediately above the last described part the chimney is flattened, that is to
say, its diameter in one direction is diminished, so as to bring its sides in that
direction parallel or nearly parallel, and its diameter in the direction at right

page_text: angles to that last described is increased. There is thus formed a chamber,
the sides of which are nearly parallel to the flame on every side, and by which
the air is so directed upon the flame as to induce the most perfect combustion.
That portion of the chimney surmounting the flattened part is cylindrical in
figure. I make the chimneys, by preference, by blowing them in moulds.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Hinks in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 20th August 1861.
.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
HINKS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said James Hinks, Her special licence that I, the said James
Hinks, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I;
the said James Hinks, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN GLASS CHIMNEYS FOR LAMPS WITH FLAT
WICKS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said James Hinks,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent."
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Hinks, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-..
:
My Invention consists in making glass chimneys for lamps with flat wicks,
as herein-after explained and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.

page_text: Chimneys made according to my Invention are particularly applicable- to
lamps in which petrolene, paraffin, kerosine, and other volatile hydrocarbons
are burned, but the said chimneys are also applicable to lamps in which heavy
or fixed oils are burned.
. In making glass chimneys according to my Invention. I make the lower end
of the chimney, which fits in the gallery or support of. the lamp burner, of the
ordinary cylindrical figure. Immediately above the last described part the
chimney is flattened, that is to say, its diameter in one direction is diminished,
so as to bring its sides in that direction parallel or nearly parallel, and its
diameter at right angles to that last described is increased. There is thus
formed a. chamber, the sides of which are parallel or nearly parallel to the
flame on every side, and by which the air is so directed upon the flame as to
induce the most perfect combustion. That portion of the chimney surmounting
the flattened part is cylindrical.
1277
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawing represents in front elevation a glass
chimney made according to my Invention; Figure 2 is a side elevation of the
same; Figure 3 is a vertical section of Figure 1; and Figure 4 is a vertical
section of Figure 2; Figure 5 is a horizontal section of the chimney taken
through the line a, Figure 1; and Figure 6 is a horizontal section of the
said chimney taken through the line 6, Figure 1.
c is the lower cylindrical part of the chimney which fits in the chimney
holder or gallery of the lamp burner, and d is the flat and elongated chamber
immediately above the said part c. The shape of the said chamber d of the
lamp chimney will be best seen by referring to the section Figure 6, from
which Figure 6 it will be seen that the diameter of the said chamber is
considerably greater in one direction than in the other direction, the longer
sides of the chamber being parallel or nearly parallel to one another, and the
ends of the said chamber being rounded. The upper part e of the chimney
above the chamber d has the ordinary cylindrical shape, as will be seen by-
reference to the various Figures of the Drawing. By the shape of the parts or
shoulders d² at the base of the chamber d, the ascending current of air passing
through the lamp is deflected more or less on to the flame, and perfect com-
bustion and increased brilliancy of the flame are thereby obtained. I make
the chimneys by preference by blowing them in moulds.
By constructing glass chimneys according to my Invention all parts of
the flame of the lamp are equally distant from the said chimneys, and the
said chimneys equally heated and expanded, and breakage from irregular
expansion, which occurs more or less in glass chimneys of the ordinary con-
struction, is avoided.

page_text: Having now described the nature of my Invention and the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that I claim as my
Invention, the improvement or improvements in glass chimneys for lamps with
flat wicks, herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawing, that is to say, making the said glass chimneys with a flat or nearly
flat chamber immediately above the base of the said chimneys, which said flat
or nearly flat chamber surrounds the flame, and is nearly equidistant from it
on all sides; the upper part of the said chimneys having the ordinary cylin
drical figure..
In witness whereof, I, the said James Hinks, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Nineteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
TAMES TIINIZO
Witness,
SAMUEL MOORE.
TAMS TIINIZS
UTAMA
(L.B.)