AN. IMPROVED PROCESS AND MACHINE FOR MAKING PAPER PULP FROM WOOD
Year: 1872

page_text: and Declaration, on the 26th February 1872, pursuant to the 9th
Section of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
WEDDERBURN GRANVILLE, of Cecil Street, Strand, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "AN. IMPROVED
PROCESS AND MACHINE FOR MAKING PAPER PULP FROM WOOD," and have
petitioned Her Majesty to grant unto me, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, Her Royal Letters Patent for the same, and have made
solemn Declaration that I am the true and first Inventor thereof.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Wedderburn Granville, do
hereby declare that the following Complete Specification, under my hand
and seal, fully describes and ascertains the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings
forming a part of this Specification:-

page_text: My Invention relates to a novel process and machine for making paper
pulp from wood without boiling the fibres or submitting them to any
chemical treatment. For this purpose I subject the wood to the con-
tinuous action of cutting knives or blades formed, arranged, and operated
in such a manner that the fibres are completely separated, torn, and
reduced to pulp, which is conducted away as it is produced by a stream
of water to a strainer or other receptacle.
The manner in which my Invention is carried into practice will be
fully understood by referring to the Drawings, in which Figure 1 is a plan
of my improved machine; Figure 2 is a transverse vertical section on
the line x, x, Figure 1; Figure 3 is an end elevation of the said machine;
Figure 4 shews two of the cutting blades detached and drawn to an
enlarged scale; Figure 5 shows sections of the said blades on the
line y, y, Figure 4. Like letters indicate the same parts throughout the
Drawings.
The said machine is constructed with a tank or box a of cast iron or
other suitable material and of any required dimensions. In this tank I
place a drum or roller whose shaft or axis b' projects through the ends
of the tank and is supported outside the same to turn freely in suitable
bearings carried on the standards or brackets c. The surface of this
drum is covered with knives or blades d which extend from end to end
of the said drum and are secured thereon by wedges of hard wood
driven on each side of the blades into the mortices or grooves formed to
receive the latter, as clearly shewn in Figure 5; or the blades may be
secured in any other convenient and secure manner; e is a curved
plate or segment of cast iron or other suitable metal which extends
partly around one side and the bottom of the roller b, enclosing one-fourth
or more of its circumference, and it should be of the same or nearly the
same length as the roller or drum b. This plate or segment e is also
provided with knives or blades f extending entirely across the plate and
secured therein by wedges f¹ similar to those which hold the blades d.
The blades or knives d, f, are serrated or notched, and they are so
arranged that the points of one scries of plates fit into the cavities of
the other series, as clearly shewn in Figure 4. The plate or segment e
is made adjustable by means of the screw g or other suitable contrivance,
so that its blades may be set nearer to or farther from the blades d of
the roller or drum. At the top of the tank or box a I place a hopper h
which is provided with revolving feed rolls i. These rolls have spiral

page_text: blades j. At the bottom the tank a is provided with an outlet or delivery
aperture k, which is covered by a strainer k¹ of perforated metal or wire-
work; is a pulley on the shaft 6' whereby through a strap or belt the
drum receives motion from a steam engine or other motor; m is
another pulley on the shaft of one of the rollers i, which may receive
a belt or band from a large pulley on the shaft b', or may be driven
from a shaft overhead or direct from the engine. These rollers i are
geared together as shewn, and must have a much quicker speed than
the drum or roller b. The wood in the form of shavings, filaments, or
chips is fed into the hopper and passes down between the rollers i by
whose teeth it is broken and torn; in this condition it falls upon the
drum and is carried thereby between the teeth d and f, and by them
is cut, torn, and separated. The shortness to which the fibre is reduced
is regulated by setting the plate e nearer to or farther from the roller b
by the screw g. A stream of water is kept flowing through the machine
during the action of the same, and the pulp as it is produced is thereby
washed away from the knives and carried off through the strainer k¹ and
is then ready for use.
Having thus fully described my said Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I wish it understood that I claim,—
First. The manufacture of paper pulp from wood without any chemical
treatment by subjecting the wood to the action of knives or blades
operating as hercin set forth.
Second. The machine for reducing wood to pulp constructed with a
tank containing the fixed and revolving series of serrated cutters and
provided with the spirally bladed feed rollers at the top and the delivery
aperture at the bottom, as herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Wedderburn Granville, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of February,
in the year of our Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy-
tien
Witness,
W. ROBT. LAKE.
CHARLES W. GRANVILLE. (L.S.)