An Improved Absorption Apparatus for Absorbing Gases in Liquids.
Year: 1897

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Absorption Apparatus for Absorbing Gases in Liquids.
I, HEINRICH HIRZEL of Leipzig-Plagwitz in the Empire of Germany, Manufac-
turer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
This invention has for its object an apparatus for absorbing gases in
liquids, the gases being conveyed with the least possible speed through a large
vessel into which the liquid is injected in the finest disintegrated condition by
means of a number of nozzles arranged over one another, the gases together with
the liquid injected through the nozzles being set in rotation in such a way that
an opposite direction of rotation in obtained for each set of nozzles alternately.
The gases on their passage through the absorption vessel are thus brought into
the most thorough admixture with the injected liquid. The alternate right and
left rotary movement of the sprayed liquid is obtained by arranging the nozzle
ends of each series of nozzles in such a way that one ejected sprayed jet of liquid
encounters almost at right angles the jet from the next nozzle. A thorough
contact between the rotating liquid sprayed and the gases rising or descending
vertically is thus obtained.
Each nozzle may also be arranged fixed or easily and separately removable from
the apparatus or may be made adjustable.
This improved absorption apparatus is shown in the accompanying drawings
in Figures 1 and 2 in vertical and horizontal sections respectively with the nozzles
arranged fixed;
Figure 3 shows an arrangement in which the nozzles are conveniently
removable;
Figures 4 and 5 show the construction of the discharge ends of two sets of
nozzles to be arranged over one another.
The absorption apparatus shown in Figures 1 and 2 consists of a vessel A into
which the gases enter at the top through pipes a and pass with a slow movement
downwards and out through pipes a¹, or they may if desired be conveyed through
the vessel in a reverse direction.
There are arranged in the vessel, for instance, six sets of nozzles, each having
four nozzles D. The ends d of the nozzles of each set have alternately a different
tangential end direction in such a way that the gases flowing through each set
are caused to rotate alternately in an opposite direction. In the form of con-
struction shown in Figures 1 and 2 it is assumed that the pipes B and C for
supplying liquid are connected by means of cross and elbow pieces b. b¹ aud c
with the nozzle pipes D). In this arrangement the insertion or withdrawal of any
single nozzle is somewhat inconvenient.
In order to facilitate this operation, an arrangement of nozzle is shown in
Figure 3 in which, instead of cross or elbow pieces bb, c, a three-way tap G is
employed, which is connected by means of flanges f g gig in two parts and
wrought iron rings f¹ h h¹ h2 with supply pipes C and F respectively for the

page_text: liquid in such a way as to be easily releasable. The nozzles pipe D is screwed
into a short piece of tube E, which again may be connected by means of flanged
pieces e in two parts and a wrought iron ring el with the tube e mounted on the
apparatus but in such a way as to be easily removable. The tube e is screwed
into a wrought iron ring i laid round it on the vessel A. If the tap G be closed
against the pipe F then after the intermediate pipe F with the nozzle pipe D
has been drawn out, the respective nozzle D can be set out of action during the
working of the apparatus, whilst the other nozzles continue to work. In this
manner any desired nozzle of the apparatus may be set in action or put out of
action as desired.
Any suitable number of nozzles for each set of nozzles and also any suitable
number of sets of nozzles may, of course be employed for the absorption apparatus.
The construction of the nozzle ends d is such that the disintegrated jet of each
nozzle strikes or flows into the jet of the next adjacent nozzle to the right or
left cutting the same preferably at right angles and diverting the same from its
radial direction. The result of this is a movement of the disintegrated liquid
in the direction of rotation. As the direction of the nozzle ends is reversed in
each alternate set the direction of each set of nozzles is reverse to that of adjacent
sets and thereby an uncommonly thorough admixture of gases and liquids is
obtained.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed. I declare that what I
claim is:
1. An absorption apparatus for absorbing gases in liquids, characterized by a.
suitable number of sets of nozzles one above the other being arranged in a vessel
through which the gases are conducted to flow slowly through the same, of which
nozzles those of each separate set, preferably lying in one plane, have their nozzle
ends directed tangentially in such a way that the jets of liquid finely disintegrated
through the nozzles and spurting out therefrom are caused to cross one another,
so that by this means together with the tangential direction of the nozzle ends a
rotation of the sprayed liquid and the gases is produced by each set of nozzles,
whilst by altering the tangential direction of the nozzles ends of each set to
right and left alternately, an alternate direction of rotation of the mixture of gas
and liquid may be produced in the absorption vessel and an absorption of the
gas in the liquid be obtained as thorough as possible, substantially as herein-
before set forth.
2. In the absorption apparatus hereindescribed an arrangement for conveniently
setting the nozzles in or out of action during the working and for the removal or
insertion of the same, consisting in the nozzles being attached by means of con-
necting pipes and couplings each with a multiple-way cock and the latter also
by means of a coupling with the supply pipe in such a way that by a suitable
adjustment of the cock any single one of the nozzles may be opened or closed
and the nozzles may be conveniently removed or inserted, substantially as
described.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of G Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.