CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING AND ADAPTING BOLLERS FOR MARINE, STATIONARY, AND LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES, AND IN ADAPTING AND APPLYING BOLLERS TO STEAM VESSELS
Year: 1838

page_text: PRICE'S SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I JOSEPH
PRICE, of the Parish of Gateshead, in the County of Durham, Flint Glass
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-sixth day of July, in the second year of Her reign,
and in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Joseph
Price, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the
said Joseph Price, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Joseph Price, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the
term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick upon Tweed, my
Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING AND ADAPTING BOLLERS FOR
MARINE, STATIONARY, AND LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES, AND IN ADAPTING AND APPLYING
BOLLERS TO STEAM VESSELS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso
obliging me, the said Joseph Price, by an instrument in writing under. my hand
and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to be
inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent,
as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Joseph Price, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference
being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures
thereon; (that is to say) :-
The objects of my Invention of certain improvements in constructing and
adapting boilers for marine, stationary, and locomotive engines, and in
adapting and applying boilers to steam vessels, are, first, to arrange and con;
struct steam boilers or generators so as to obtain the best or most economical
effect of the heat arising from the combustion of fuel; also to prevent the flues
within the boiler getting stopped up or obstructed by the deposit of dust or soot
therein; and, secondly, to construct, adapt, and apply boilers to steam vessels in
such manner as to allow of better or more free access to all parts of such
boilers, and more particularly the bottoms thereof, which cannot be obtained in
the ordinary manner of constructing and adapting marine boilers, and also to
allow or provide for more room in the vessel for the stowage of fuel. The first
of these objects I obtain by an improved arrangement or construction of the
parts of steam boilers or generators in which the fire boxes or furnaces are
placed under the boiler and not formed wholly within it, as in ordinary construc-
tions, there being a water chamber on each side of the fire, forming the sides of
the furnaces. The boiler has long, cylindrical, or oval, or any other shaped flues
passing and repassing throughout it to the chimney. I prefer cylindrical, as they
are not so liable to collapse as other shapes, such flues being furnished with
deposit chambers at each end of the boiler or at the parts where the flues return,
these chambers being for the purpose of receiving the dust, soot, or ashes which
may be carried by the draught from the furnace, and would otherwise settle on
or adhere to the sides of the flues and obstruct the passages, or pass up the
chimney, either of which it is desirable to avoid. The ends of the flues or
chambers are furnished with covers or doors properly secured, and capable of being
removed to allow of the deposit being taken away. And I attain the second
object of my Invention by constructing, adapting, and applying the boilers to
steam vessels in such a manner as to enable me to combine all the above advan-
tages, such boilers being placed much higher in the vessel (that is, at a greater
distance from the keel or bottom) than usual, and are supported by pillars or
framework, so that easy access can be had to all parts thereof, and the boiler
may be covered with an outer casing to prevent radiation of heat, if thought
desirable. By thus adapting and applying my improved boiler, a freer draught

page_text: will be obtained, and at the same time space for stowage for coals will be pro-
vided under the boiler as well as at the sides or other parts of the vessel, and
the danger of the vessel foundering at sea or the fires being extinguished in
consequence of leakage will be lessened. I will now refer to the accompanying
Drawings the better to illustrate my Invention. Fig. 1 is a longitudinal
section. taken vertically through one of my improved arrangements or construc-
tions of boilers, having two fire-places and sets of flues, which may be used
either for marine or stationary engines. Fig. 2 is a front end elevation of the
same. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken at the top part of the boiler above
the flues, and shewing the arrangement thereof; and Fig. 4 is a transverse
section taken vertically through the boiler and all the flues.
casting of the boiler. B, B, are tubes forming the bottom
A, A, is the outer
flues, which com-
mence at the back part of the fire box or furnace C and proceed along the boiler
to the end thereof, where the ends of the flues are covered by plates or
doors a, a, secured by bolts and nuts on the outside. Near the ends of the flues B
(say about two feet from the covers) they are turned upwards by curved or
elbow pieces marked D and returned to the front part of the boiler by the flues E,
the ends of which are secured in a similar manner. Near to the front end of
the boiler the flues are again turned by other elbow pieces D* into the upper
flues G, which pass off into the chimney H. I, I, are the fire bars of the furnace.
K, K, are cocks affixed to the bottom of the boiler to blow off the sediment or
water when required; L, the common safety valve; M, another safety valve
herein-after described; N, the man-hole; O, the steam pipe leading to the
engine. P, P, are the continuations of the flues past the elbow bends D, which
parts form the receiving chambers for the deposit of the dust or soot arising from
the furnace which is carried therein and deposited by the draught, and thus
prevent the flues being choked up or interrupted, and whereby the boiler may
be worked for a longer time than usual without the necessity of sweeping the
flues. Fig. 3 shews how the four upper flues G enter the chimney H, the flues
E being underneath them, and the flues B are in a like manner placed below
those marked E. The bars b, b, placed across the boiler, are the stays or sup-
porters of the flues, and at the same time serve to strengthen the boiler.
The section, Fig. 4, is taken through the boiler at the back of the furnace.
I, J, are the fire bars. Fig 2 shews the front of the boiler with the covers or
doors a of the deposit chambers, which are lettered to correspond with their flues.
Q, Q, are the fire doors; R, the guage cccks; S, the steam cocks; T, the side
water chambers of the furnace; U, U, are cocks at the bottom of the
side chambers; and M the second safety valve. Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8

page_text: are representations of a boiler adapted for locomotive purposes. Fig 5 is a
horizontal section of one of my improved arrangements and constructions
of steam boilers, as adapted for locomotive steam engines, the top being
removed to exhibit the uppermost flues. P, P, are deposit chambers for the
reception of the dust from the furnace; the bars b, b, are the supports of the
flues. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal vertical section of the same boiler, shewing the
interior and the fire box or furnace, and the arrangement of the flue, there
being only one in this instance, which may vary in diameter according to the
size of the boiler. The flue B commences on the left-hand side of the back
part of the fire box or furnace (see the transverse section, Fig. 7), and
is carried along the side of the boiler (about four inches from the bottom) to
the end of the boiler, where it is covered by a plate or door a, secured as
before mentioned in the marine and stationary engine boiler. At about nine
or twelve inches from the end the flue is turned in a horizontal direction by
the elbow parts marked V (see Fig. 5), and is again carried along the opposite
side of the boiler at about the same elevation from the bottom, until it comes
within about one and a half or two feet of the fire box, when the flue rises
in an angular direction (as shewn in Fig. 6), and then passes over the fire box
to the front of the boiler, where its end is secured, as before mentioned.
About nine or twelve inches from this end the flue is again turned horizontally
by the elbow piece W, into the flue E*, and is carried along the opposite side,
and is continued along to the back of the boiler, and is again turned to the
opposite side by another elbow piece V, and proceeds along by the flue until
it rises and enters the chimney H. C is the fire box or furnace. Fig. 7 shews
the commencement of the flue B at the back of the fire box, and the situation
of the flues E and E* above the fire box. Fig. 8 shews the front of the
boiler. Qis the fire door, which is formed by two half doors lapping over
each other. a, a, are the covers or plates on the ends of the flues or deposit
chambers; there are two guage cocks, and three steam cocks, and also a cock
at the lower corners of the side water chambers T for drawing off the water or
sediment. The flues occupying the interior of these improved boilers should
at all times be covered with water, leaving sufficient steam room.
I prefer
the flues for marine or stationary engine boilers not to be less than about
twelve or fourteen inches in diameter, and they may be made of wrought
iron, copper, or other metal. Flues of a less diameter, and more in number,
may be employed, but they are more liable to choak, and no advantage will be
gained. If the boiler is a long one, say thirty feet, then the flues may be re-
duced to two tiers instead of three, which would allow more steam and water

page_text: room; but by such arrangement four deposit chambers for receiving the dust
from the furnace will be lost. A damper should be placed at the bottom of the
chimney, whereby the draught may be regulated. The draught is increased by the
length of the flues and the formation and situation of the fire box or furnace.
If pipes are fastened to the blow-off cocks at the bottom parts of the boiler
the water or sediment will be forced overboard by the pressure of the steam
in the boiler, and the blow-off pipes may be used to cool or put out ignited
ashes when required. The water feed pipes may be placed in the boiler where
most convenient, and a float may also be adapted to shew the height of water
in the boiler if desired. Two safety valves should be used; one being weighted
to the highest range of pressure intended to be allowed in the boiler, and
secured from the interference of the working engineer; and the other valve
may be of the common kind, and its weight left to the judgment of the
engineer. The former I prefer to be constructed in the form of a ball made
of brass, and loaded with shot, and placed in a cup seat, which ball rises from
its seat and allows the steam to escape so soon as it gets to within a little of
the safety pressure. This valve being covered with a cap secured with nuts
passed within the boiler, it cannot be removed or overweighted without empty-
ing and cooling the boiler; consequently it is beyond the reach of the working
engineer, whilst he has his own valve to regulate the steam as he likes until it
comes to the pressure of the ball valve. I consider the properly placing of
the boiler in a steam vessel of great importance; and I therefore adapt my
improved arrangement and construction of boilers to the vessel in the following
manner. The boiler is to be fixed on an elevated platform of iron, supported
by metal columns or framework, so as to enable the engineer to have free
access to examine all its parts to cleanse or repair when required. Another
advantage arising from the boiler being placed high in the vessel is that a
better draught will be obtained, and less danger of the engine stopping should
the vessel spring a leak. Should any incrustration form on the outside of the
boiler from leakage it can be readily removed, and the boiler examined. The
danger of the flues collapsing is avoided by their form and the manner in
which the furnace or fire box is constructed, it being situated in the under
part of the front of the boiler, the top of the furnace being formed by the
underside of the boiler, and in as near a semicircle as the second tier of flues
will allow. This boiler will answer equally well for stationary engines or for
marine purposes, and will not require setting in brick or stone work, except for
its supports, which may be of metal if thought desirable. In steamers of war
the boilers may be protected from injury from cannon shot by a space or

page_text: chamber placed between the sides of the vessel and the boiler, which space or
chamber is to be filled with coals previous to going into action, which will tend
greatly to prevent the effects of shot. The locomotive steam engine boiler.
may be of any capacity according to the size or power of the engine, and the
top, back part, and sides of the fire box should be stouter than the other parts.
The water way round the fire box ought to be from three to four inches broad.
Should the flues at any time require repairing, the back or part of the back
of the boiler, can be taken off. The flues at the ends or elbow parts are secured
by screw nuts and flanges or rivets. The chambers at the ends of the flues
can be swept or raked out on taking off. the plates or doors a at either end of
the boiler.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of my Invention, and the
manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that
I claim as my Invention, secured to me under the above in part recited Letters
Patent, the improved arrangement and construction of steam boilers or gene-
rators as above described and set forth, with its furnaces or fire box and flues
furnished with chambers or repositories for the deposit of the dust or soot
carried from the fire by the draught, and also the improved mode in which
they are adapted and applied to steam vessels, so that free access will be
allowed to all parts of the boiler, and at the same time more room afforded
for stowage of fuel than in the ordinary method of adapting boilers to steam
vessels.
In witness whereof, I the said Joseph Price, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Seventh day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-nine.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Joseph Price in
the presence of
.
THO. SWINBURNE,
PH
L.S.)
PRICE.
Sol,
Gateshead

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Seventh day of January, in
the second year of the reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria, the said Joseph
Price came before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknow-
ledged the instrument aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained
and specified, in form above written. And also the instrument, aforesaid was
stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made in the fifty-fifth year of
the reign of His late Majesty King George the Third.
Inrolled the Twenty-third day of January, One thousand eight hundred
and thirty-nine.