IMPROVEMENTS IN HOLLOW ROLLS OR CYLINDERS ATTACHED TO SPINDLES
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Anthony Gapper Southby, Engineer, of 3, New
Inn, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HOLLOW ROLLS OR CYLINDERS ATTACHED TO SPINDLES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Anthony Gapper
Southby at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,, with his.
Petition, on the 22nd October 1870.
I, ANTHONY GAPPER SOUTHBY, Engineer, of 3, New Inn, Strand,. in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HOLLOW ROLLS OR CYLINDERS ATTACHED TO
SPINDLES," to be as follows:-
My improvements consist in strenthening hollow rolls to resist or lessen
the curvature of the surface lengthwise, caused by pressure or weight,
by making the only points of contact or connection between the hollow
cylinder of the roll and the middle spindle at two places at or between
one-quarter and one-third of the length, through which the pressure is

page_text: distributed, measured from the middle of the length of the roll, or in
such a way that the tendency of the hollow cylinder to spring at the
centre may be more or less counterbalanced by the creation of a
tendency to spring at the ends, so that by this arrangement the cur-
vature is removed from the cylinder to the middle spindle, and the ǎ
cylinder is as stiff as a very much shorter one.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Anthony Gapper Southby in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 21st April 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ANTHONY
GAPPER SOUTHвY, of 3, New Inn, Strand, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Anthony Gapper Southby, Her special
licence that I, the said Anthony Gapper Southby, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Anthony Gapper
Southby, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HOLLOW ROLLS OR CYLINDERS ATTACHED TO SPINDLES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Anthony Gapper
Southby, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands, and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Anthony Gapper Southby, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and hy

page_text: the following statement in writing, reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawings, that is to say:-
My improvements consist in strengthening hollow rolls to resist or
lessen the curvature of their surface lengthwise, caused by pressure or
weight, by making the only points of contact or connection between
the hollow cylinder of the roll and the middle spindle at two places,
at or between one-quarter and one-third of the length, through which
.the pressure is distributed, measured from the middle of the length of
the roll, or in such a way that the tendency of the hollow cylinder to
spring at the centre may be more or less counterbalanced by the creation
of a tendency to spring at the ends, so that by this arrangement the
curvature is removed from the cylinder to the middle spindle, and the
cylinder is as stiff as a very much shorter one.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, I will now proceed
more definitely by means of Drawings to show some of the principal
ways of putting it in practice on rolls adapted for use in a variety of
manufactures.
No. 1 represents a roll adapted for use in places where the pressure
or strain sometimes extends over the whole length of the roll, and some-
times over only a portion, and for this purpose the connection pieces
between the cylinder and the spindle are made to shift on sliding keys
to any width, so that they may always be adjusted by the right and
left-hand screw to the positions which will produce the greatest stiffness,
or to about three-tenths of the length of surface over which the strain.
is about to be distributed, measured from the middle of such surface.
No. 2 represents a roll made of cast metal suitable for nipping or
calender rolls, or for giving a surface, or printing, crushing, &c.
No. 3 is a roll adapted for the same purposes as No. 2, but in which
heat is desired to be applied, the steam being admitted, and condensed
water taken away in the usual manner.
No. 4 is a light tube roll useful for carrying endless webs, &c.
No. 5 is a wooden roll for similar purposes to No. 4.
When the cylinder is supported by the spindle at only two points of
contact, leaving the cylinder unaffected by the springing of the spindle,
a good position for the contacts is found to be at about three-tenths
of the length of the surface over which the pressure is distributed
measured from. the middle of such surface; but when the cylinder is

page_text: attached firmly to the spindle, so that the bending of the latter will
more or less affect the former, the connections may be placed further
in, and in this case I recommend that the spindle be fixed to the
connection pieces and the cylinder, by making them very tight fits and
forcing in by hydraulic pressure. .
As the spindles used in carrying out my Invention will be always
more or less sprung out of a straight line, and the journals the same,
the brasses or boxes may be fixed on trunnions, or so as to allow them
to adapt themselves to the line of the journals.
The cylinders or hollow rolls above mentioned must either be made
in one piece, or if built up the parts must be so firmly joined together
as to be substantially one piece.
I do not restrict myself to the particular forms described, and any
suitable material may be employed.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention and the manner
in which the same is to be carried out.
In witness whereof, I, the said Anthony Gapper Southby, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of April,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
one.