IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS FOR STEAM AND OTHER ENGINES, AND WHICH COMPRISE IMPROVED APPARATUS APPLICABLE SEPARATELY FOR DRAWING AND FORCING LIQUIDS OR FLUIDS FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES, AND FOR MEASURING.
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Rudolf Schmitz-Werotte, of Finborough Road, in the
County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS FOR
STEAM AND OTHER ENGINES, AND WHICH COMPRISE IMPROVED APPARATUS
APPLICABLE SEPARATELY FOR DRAWING AND FORCING LIQUIDS OR FLUIDS FOR
VARIOUS PURPOSES, AND FOR MEASURING.",
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Rudolf Schmitz-Werotte at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th March 1879.
RUDOLF SCHMITZ-WEROTTE, of Finborough Road, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS FOR STEAM AND OTHER ENGINES, AND WHICH
COMPRISE IMPROVED APPARATUS APPLICABLE SEPARATELY FOR DRAWING AND
FORCING LIQUIDS OR FLUIDS FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES, AND FOR MEASURING."
My Invention relates to an improved "cataract" governor designed to afford a
wide range of variation and adjustment in regard to the power given out by the
instrument, its sensitiveness, and the increasing and decreasing the number of
revolutions or movements of the prime mover, and to enable these adjustments to
be readily effected while the prime mover is at work.
In my improved governor a principal feature is the use of an improved multiple
force pump driven from the prime mover to be controlled, and discharging liquid
into a chamber which supplies a cataract, the variations in the supply of liquid to
which chamber by acting on a hydraulic ram through it control the prime mover.
My improved governor is arranged as follows:-On a suitable shaft driven from the
prime mover to be governed is fixed a series of pump cylinders or chambers each
fitted with a piston; these chambers may conveniently be formed in a cylindrical
piece of metal, which I will call the pump chamber, cylinder, or body. The piston
chambers are by the rotation of the governor shaft caused to revolve about their
common centre; reciprocating motion is imparted to the piston (it may be by a
suitable cam or other arrangement), and thus each piston is caused to alternately
draw liquid from a lower of two chambers which is open to a tank, and force such
liquid into an upper chamber provided with an adjustable outlet or outlets, and

page_text: communicating with a cylinder fitted with a ram or piston, which can be more or
less loaded by weights or springs, or by means of a hydro-pneumatic cylinder and
adjustable reducing valve arrangement. The upward extension or rod of the ram
has jointed to it a nut or part through which passes a sliding or screw bar. One
end of this bar is connected to the bed plate by a link. The other end is by a link
connected with the throttle valve, expansion gear, damper, fire door, or other
mechanism for checking the speed of the prime mover.
It will be evident multiple pumps of the improved construction hereinabove
set forth may be employed for various purposes without the hydraulic cylinder and
ram, as for instance for drawing and forcing or measuring water or other liquid or
fluid.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Rudolf Schmitz-Werotte in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 10th
September 1879.
RUDOLF SCHMITZ-WEROTTB, of Finborough Road, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS FOR STEAM AND OTHER ENGINES, AND WHICH
COMPRISE IMPROVED APPARATUS APPLICABLE SEPARATELY FOR DRAWING AND
FORCING LIQUIDS OR FLUIDS FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES, AND FOR MEASURING."
My Invention relates to an improved "cataract" governor designed to afford a
wide
range
of variation and adjustment in regard to the power given out by the
instrument; its sensitiveness, and the increasing and decreasing the number of
revolutions or movements of the prime mover, and to enable these adjustments to
be readily effected while the prime mover is at work.
In my improved governor a principal feature is the use of an improved multiple
force pump driven from the prime mover to be controlled, and discharging liquid
into a chamber which supplies a cataract, the variations in the supply of liquid to
which chamber by acting on a hydraulic ram through it control the prime mover.
My improved governor is arranged as follows:-
On a suitable shaft driven from the prime mover to be governed is fixed a series
of pump cylinders or chambers, each fitted with a piston; these chambers may
conveniently be formed in a cylindrical piece of metal, which I will call the pump
chamber, cylinder, or body. The piston chambers are by the rotation of the
governor shaft caused to revolve about their common centre, reciprocating motion
is imparted to their pistons (it may be by a suitable cam or other arrangement),
and thus each piston is caused to alternately draw liquid from a lower of two
chambers, which is open to a tank, and force such liquid into an upper chamber
provided with an adjustable outlet or outlets, and communicating with a cylinder
fitted with a ram or piston, which can be more or less loaded by weights or springs,
or by means of a hydro-pneumatic cylinder and adjustable reducing valve arrange-
ment. The upward extension or rod of the ram has jointed to it a nut or part
through which passes a sliding or screw bar; one end of this bar is connected to
the bed plate by a link; the other end is by a link connected with the throttle
valve, expansion gear, damper, fire door, or other mechanism for checking the speed
of the prime mover.
It will be evident multiple pumps of the improved construction hereinabove set
forth may be employed for various purposes without the hydraulic cylinder and
ram, as for instance for drawing and forcing or measuring water or other liquid or
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 shews a side elevation of my improved "cataract" governor; Fig. 2 is an
end view; and Fig. 3, a plan of the same; Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section; Fig. 5 is
a sectional plan taken in the line A, B, of Fig, 4. Fig. 6 is a cross section in the
line C, D, of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a cross section to a larger scale of the pump chamber,
cylinder, or body, and shews also the antifriction rollers and one of the tubular
cams. Fig. 8 is an elevation of the cams and rollers to the same scale. Fig. 9 is
an end view of the pump chamber, cylinder, or body; and Fig. 10) is an end view
of the water chamber block with the nut and disc or washer removed.
On a shaft 1, driven by a wheel from the prime mover to be governed is fixed
the pump chamber, cylinder, or body 3, in which the pump cylinders or chambers
(five of which are here shewn) are formed, each fitted with a piston 4. At one end
of each of these cylinders or chambers is formed a slot 5, which acts as a guide to a
square piece 6 formed on an extension of each of the pistons. From each of the

page_text: pieces 6 projects a cylindrical part or axis 7, upon which work antifriction rollers 8
and 9; 10 and 11 are two tubular cams connected together, and to the bed plate by
bolts and nuts as shewn, between which cams the antifriction rollers travel as in an
annular cam path; 12 is a chamber communicating at 12ª with a tank 13 con-
taining water. The chamber 12 and tank 13 are secured by bolts to the bed
plate 22. 14 is an upper chamber (hereinafter called the pressure or delivery
chamber) separated from the chamber 12 by a partition 15; 12b and 14ª are two
semicircular openings leading from the chambers 12 and 14 respectively to the pump
cylinders or chambers. 16 is an adjustable regulating valve for regulating the flow
of water out of the chamber 14. 17 is a cylinder communicating with the upper
chamber 14, and provided with a ram or piston 18, the rod of which ram or piston
has jointed to its upper end a nut or part 19, through which passes a screwed
bar 20. 21 is a link connecting one end of the screwed bar to the bed plate 22.
The other end of the screwed bar is connected by a link at 23 to the throttle valve
or other contrivance for checking the speed of the prime mover. 24 is a handle for
turning the screwed bar 20 to alter the distance between the centre of the rod of
the piston 18 and the centre of the link at 23, thereby determining the length of
stroke of the piston 18 which shall effect the closing of the throttle valve or other
regulation. 25 is a flanged pipe fitting loosely round the cylinder 17, and carried
by a collar on the top of the piston rod. The flange 25 at the bottom of the pipe
carries weights 26 to increase the load as required on the piston 18, or springs or an
adjustable hydro-pneumatic piston with adjustable pressure may be used in lieu of
weights. 27 is a cup, leather, or packing, fitting round the enlarged end of the
pump chamber, cylinder, or body 3, which revolves close up against the face of the
chamber block. 28 is a disc or washer keyed on to the shaft or spindle 1, and
screwed up tight against the chamber block by means of the nut 29, so as to keep
the pump chamber, cylinder, or body 3 well in contact with the face of the
chamber block. 30 is a shallow eccentric groove at the back of the chamber block
covered by the disc 28, and serving the double purpose (1) of lubricating the disc
and the bearing of shaft 1 inside the block, and (2) of counteracting and balancing
the pressure with which the pump chamber, cylinder, or body 3 is pressed away
from the pressure or delivery chamber 14 at its semicircular opening 14. 31 is a
small hole through the wall of the pressure or delivery chamber for the purpose of
admitting fluid under pressure to the eccentric groove 30.
The operation of my improved governor is as follows:-
As the shaft 1 is rotated by means of the wheel 2 driven from the prime mover
to be governed it carries round with it the pump chamber, cylinder, or body 3,
with its cylinders or chambers and their pistons 4, which by means of their anti-
friction rollers 8 and 9 travelling round in the annular cam path formed between
the two fixed tubular cams 10 and 11 are caused to reciprocate, and alternately to
draw water from the tank 13 through the lower or suction chamber 12, and its
semicircular opening 12b, and force it through the semicircular opening 14ª into the
pressure or delivery chamber 14, where more or less pressure obtains, according to
the load on the piston 18. If by an increase of speed the pump delivers more
liquid into the pressure or delivery chamber 14 than can escape during the same
time through the opening regulated by the adjustable valve 16, water accumulates
under the piston 18 and forces it up, thereby operating the throttle valve or other
contrivance for checking the speed of the prime mover. Similarly when less liquid
enters the chamber 14 than escapes in the same time past the valve 16 the volume
of water under the piston 18 decreases, and the piston falls under its load.
16a is an outlet for allowing the water to escape by the valve 16 back into the
tank 13.
The adjustments are effected in the following way :-
Given the resistance offered by the valve gear or other regulating mechanism
(including friction of piston 18) the load on the piston 18 must be slightly in
excess of the total of such resistance. The area of opening of the valve 16 is then
adjusted, so that the pressure under the piston 18 balances the total load. If more

page_text: work is thrown on the governor the opening of the valve 16 must be further
reduced, so as to increase the pressure in the chamber 14 according to requirement.
The sensitiveness is varied by adjusting the screwed bar 20; and the number of
revolutions is determined by adjusting the valve 16. The arrangement of apparatus
above described may be modified by prolonging the shaft 1, and substituting for
the disc 28 a second set of pump cylinders or chambers with pistons, antifriction
rollers, and cams. The sensitiveness may be varied by changing the wheel 2 instead
of as above-mentioned.
Figs. 11 and 12 represent my improved apparatus as arranged for measuring
liquids. In these Figures parts resembling those shown in the previously described
Figures are marked with the same distinguishing numbers. The liquid to be
measured enters by the main pipe at 40, goes through two branches 41 to the
pressure chambers 14, thence through the semicircular openings 14 into the pump
cylinders or chambers of the revolving body 3, the revolution of which is caused by
the antifriction rollers travelling along the cams, owing to the liquid pressure
against the pistons. The pump cylinders or piston chambers are thus brought
successively opposite the semicircular opening 12b of the discharge chamber 12, and
the liquid finds its way into the discharge branches and main, which are exactly
like the supply branches 41 and main 40. The spur wheel 43 connected to the
pump chamber or cylinder body 3 gears into a small wheel 44 which actuates the
indicating apparatus in the usual way.
It will be obvious that multiple pumps constructed according to my Invention
may be employed for drawing and forcing liquids and fluids for various purposes,
the cams being appropriately arranged, and the shaft 1 suitably driven, for example,
as indicated in Fig. 4.
Having described the nature of my said Invention, and explained in what manner
the same is to be or may be performed or carried into practical effect, I would have
it understood that what I consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as
secured to me under the Letters Patent hereinbefore in part recited is,―
1. The combination in a governor for steam and other engines of a multiple
force pump driven from the prime mover to be controlled, a delivery chamber
arranged to supply a cataract, and a hydraulic ram through which the prime mover
is controlled, substantially as herein before described.
2. The improved construction of multiple pump in which revolving chambers
with pistons and antifriction rollers are used in conjunction with fixed cams,
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figs. 1 to 10 inclusive
of the accompanying Drawings.
3. The combination of parts constituting the improved governor constructed,
arranged, and operating substantially as herein before described, with reference to
Figs. 1 to 10 inclusive of the accompanying Drawings.
4. The use or employment for measuring liquids of apparatus constructed,
arranged, and operating substantially as described with reference to Figs. 11 and 12
of the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Rudolf Schmitz Werotte, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Ninth day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
R. SCHMITZ WEROTTE. (L.S.)