Improvements in Tension Gauge and Automatic Governor for Warp Slashing and Beaming Machines.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Oct., 1898-Accepted, 26th Nov., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tension Gauge and Automatic Governor for Warp
Slashing and Beaming Machines.
We, GEORGE BROWN, Overseer, of 75, Seventh Street, Auburn, State of Maine,
United States of America, and EMIL DICK, Textile Designer, of 12, Newbury
Street, Auburn, State of Maine, United States of America, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our invention relates to the controlling of the tension of yarn during the process
of winding or beaming, the object being to automatically govern the tension of
the yarn during this process so that the machine being once adjusted the yarn will
be wound in slashing or beaming, on the one hand without being subjected to too
great strain, and on the other without making the warp too soft for practical use.
Heretofore the tension upon the yarn during this process of winding, slashing, or
beaming has generally been regulated by hand, at the will of the operator and in
accordance with his judgment based with more or less accuracy upon touch. This
variation is brought about by means of a hand wheel through which the operator
increases or lessens the pressure on friction disks which communicate power to the
drum upon which the yarn is wound. In our invention the tension of the yarn is
caused to act upon the screw or other device which increases or diminishes this
frictional contact and by the use of this strain of the yarn, the slightest variation
in its tension is made to operate immediately and automatically to vary the
friction and at the same time any variation in the friction will find its compen-
sation in the action of the tension apparatus. If, for example, the friction disks
become heated so as to stick or adhere together the relaxation will cause the release
of the screw pressure. Thus a tension which can be mathematically figured out
can at all times be maintained without depending upon the judgment of the atten-
dant, and regardless of any defects in the friction disks, or other causes.
Our invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings which show only so
much of the winding mechanism as is necessary to illustrate the invention. In
these drawings,
Figure 1 represents in side elevation the automatic tension devices including
the drum and the rolls over which the yarn passes.
Figure 2 is a plan view of the same.
Figures 3 and 3* represents the details of construction on a larger scale and
show the position of levers and pawls caused by an abnormally low position of the
governing roll.
Figures 4 and 4 are further illustrations showing the different positions of
the parts illustrated in Figures 3 and 3º.

page_text: Figure 5 is a plan view showing more clearly the friction devices and iustrat-
ing other details of construction.
In these drawings the part of the main frame which supports the working parts
necessary to be described, is shown at A. Mounted in this frame or in bearings
fixed upon it, are rolls 1 and 2 belonging to the series of rolls which pull the
A third roll of this series, marked 3, is mounted in bearings upon levers b.
which are pivoted on the main frame, one being provided for each end of the roll 3
as shown in Figure 2. The levers are directly pivoted on studs C¹ which are on
standards C.
yarn Y.
In the winding the yarn is drawn in the direction of the arrows, (Figures 1 and 2)
and passes over roll 2, under the roll 1, and out over the roll 3 to the warp beam 15.
The roll 1 carries a gear wheel 6, and is driven by a pinion 5 on the belt shaft.
The gear wheel 6 also meshes with a gear wheel 7 which is loose on the shaft of
the warn beam 15. Fixed to the gear wheel 7 are the friction disks 8 and 8', all
loose on the shaft 11. Fixed on the same shaft, by means of splines are the
disks 9, 91 and when pressure is applied to the outside disk 9 the frictional contact
between it and the disk 91 applied to the shaft through the wheel 7, causes the shaft
to revolve and with it the beam 15. The motion from the shaft to the beam is
communicated by means of a face plate 13 and stud 14, said stud engaging against
any suitable projection on the head of the warp beam. The hand wheel H is
mounted upon the shaft 11. Its hub is internally threaded to engage with an
externally threaded sleeve 12 connected with the friction disk 9. The outside of
the wheel H bears against the part A¹ of the frame so that when the wheel H is
turned it forces the disk 9 inwardly so as to apply pressure through the disk upon
the wheel 7, thus causing an increase of driving force and consequently an increase
of tension in the yarn that is wound upon the beam. Reverse movement of the
wheel H will of course relax the frictional contact and thus diminish the tension.
A bow spring 10 is shown in Figure 2 as interposed between the inner block A¹ and
the inner disk.
The frictional connections by which the power is transmitted are not claimed as
a part of our invention and in fact other devices may be substituted therefor.
These are used in the hand regulation when the wheel H is used as a hand wheel.
The automatic regulation, which is the object sought in our invention, is accom-
plished by motion transmitted from the movable roll. 3 heretofore mentioned as
having its bearings in the levers b. It will be observed that the strain of the warp
passing over this roll 3 tends to force it downward and to depress the ends of the
levers upon which the roll is mounted. On the outer ends of these levers are tension
devices which consist of weights and springs. The weight is shown at W and
there is one on the lower end of each rod d which is suspended from
the outer end of each lever. The rods pass through ears e on
the frame and have adjustable collers f. Between these collars and
the ears e are springs U which tend normally to draw down the outer
ends of the levers and so force the roll 3 upwards against the strain of the
varn. The tension of the spring may be regulated by adjustment of the roller for
the pull may be increased by increasing the weight. The roll 3 is turned by the
warp which passes over it and with greater or less force according to the tension
of the warp. On the end of the arbor of the roll 3 is placed eccentrically a wrist
pin P to this is connected a pitman R carrying on its lower ends adjustable
collars g¹ and g. These collars are on the upper and lower sides of an arm L of
the bell crank lever L' through which the pitman passes. The bell crank lever
is pivoted at m and its upper end is connected by a spring z, to a fixed pin on the
frame. The lower end of the bell crank lever L is connected by a bar t, to a
pawl mechanism. The end of the bar t carries a pin on which are pivoted the
two pawls n, n¹. The pin r projects through a slot o, in cheek pieces v
shield S which is bolted to the frame outside of the wheel. The slot is concentric
with the periphery of the wheel H and serves to guide the pawls so that one or the
other may operate upon the wheel in the manner indicated in Figure 4". When one
on a

page_text: pawl is in position to engage with the teeth on the periphery of the wheel H the
other pawl rides on the edge of the shield S as shown in the said figure. The pawls
are connected and held in place by a spring s. The pawls are operated by recipro-
cating movement of the bar t and the position of the bell crank lever L, whether
it be as shown in Figure 3 or 4B, determines which pawl will operate and there-
fore in which direction the wheel will be turned and whether the frictional contact
be increased or lessened.
The position of the bell crank lever is determined by the position of the roll 3.
If the said roll be depressed by reason of abnormal tension upon the yarn, then
the pitman rod r will be pushed down so that the upper collar g¹ thereon will press
on the upper side of the arm L and throw back the lower part of the bell crank
lever. In this position the operation of the wrist pin P will cause reciprocation
of the bar t and will pass through the pawl n' which is brought into action by this
position of the bell crank lever, to turn back the wheel and thus release the screw
pressure and friction and this also determines the pull upon the warp. If, on the
other hand, the strain upon the warp is abnormally light it will permit the spring
and weight to throw up the roll 3 and raise the bell crank lever L' into position
in Figure 4 in which the pawl n is in engagement, the other pawl riding on the
edge of the shield. The reciprocation caused, as before, by the action of the
collar and spring 2 will give forward motion to the wheel and turn the screw
to increase the pressure on the disks and increase therefore the strain upon the
yarn by acceleration of the winding drum. The arms L and L¹ which constitute
the bell crank lever, are located at different points on the shaft m, which has its
bearings in the frame. An intermediate position of the roll 3 will bring both pawls
out of engagement and render the device for increasing or diminishing the
pressure inoperative, and the operation on either side of the extremes will be
increased in proportion as the strain is greatest or least and the position of the roll 3
consequently at its lowest or highest limit. Thus the tendency of the apparatus
is constantly to prevent any extremes of tension and to maintain an amount
invariable but determined by the tension of weight or spring applied to the outer
end of the lever b.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is;-
-
1-In combination, a roll turning in fixed and a roll turning in movable bear-
ings, arranged to receive the yarn, tension means acting on the movable roll,
against the strain of the yarn, a rod reciprocated by the turning of the movable
roll. friction mechanism for turning the winding drum, mechanism for increasing
or diminishing the friction pressure of the drum turning mechanism connected
with said rod, said rod being arranged to shift its connections and operating to
increase or diminish the said friction by the shifting in position of the said roll,
substantially as described.
2-In combination, a roll turning in fixed and a roll turning in movable bear-
ings, arranged to receive the yarn, tension means acting on the movable roll against
the strain of the yarn, a rod reciprocated by the turning of the movable roll, said
rod having adjustable collars, a lever adapted to be acted upon by one of said
collars when the roll is in one position and the other when the roll is in another
position, a drum for the yarn, mechanism operating said drum, a friction clutch
internosed between said mechanism, and a connection from said lever to said clutch
mechanism whereby the movement of the lever governs the friction on the clutch,
substantially as described.
3-In combination, the drum, the driving wheel therefor, frictional devices inter-
posed between said driving wheel and drum, a toothed wheel for controlling said
frictional devices. spring controlled pawls adapted to act on said wheel singly and
in opposition, a bar for reciprocating said pawls, a bell crank lever having one
end connected with said bar, tension means for operating the bell crank in one

page_text: direction, a roll journaled in movable bearings and operated by the varying tension
on the yarn, and a rod reciprocated by said roll and having collars adapted to
operate singly on said bell crank lever, substantially as described.
Dated thio 94th day of October 1898.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.