A NEW MATERIAL OR COMPOUND APPLICABLE TO THE MANU- FACTURE OF PIPES OR TUBES, TO CAULKING OR COVERING SHIPS' BOTTOMS, AND TO OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Peterson, of Newport, Isle of Wight, for the
Invention of "A NEW MATERIAL OR COMPOUND APPLICABLE TO THE MANU-
FACTURE OF PIPES OR TUBES, TO CAULKING OR COVERING SHIPS' BOTTOMS, AND
TO OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES."
Sealed the 17th December 1863, and dated the 20th June 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Peterson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th June 1863.
I, CHARLES PETERSON, of Newport, Isle of Wight, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "A NEW MATERIAL OR COMPOUND APPLICABLE TO
THE MANUFACTURE OF PIPES OR TUBES, TO CAULKING OR COVERING SHIPS BOTTOMS,
AND TO OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of the manufacture of a new material or compound
applicable to the formation of pipes or tubes for the conveyance of water and
sewage or any other liquid or fluid, for roofing, paving, caulking, or covering
ships' bottoms, for a substitute for papier maché, for carriage panels, and a
variety of other useful purposes.
I propose to take any vegetable substance or fibre, and to boil it in a solu-
tion of caustic alkali, after which it is to be ground to a pulp. I also take a
quantity of tar, pitch, or other bituminous substance, and boil it with about.
half its weight, more or less, of caustic alkali for several hours, after which I
ו1 :ID

page_text: mix it with about double its weight of the vegetable pulp prepared as before
described, adding to the mixture about ten per cent.,inore or less, of sulphuric
acid or alum,or of both combined, or any other suitable powerful chemical
re-agent. I then take the mixture or substance so produced, and form it
by any convenient method into slabs, pipes, tubes, blocks, or other shape
suitable for any of the purposes before mentioned. When this composition
is to be used for finer or superior purposes, I propose to mix with it a small
quantity of flour, or other vegetable or farinaceous dust, whereby a smooth
surface will be produced on the material, which may then be painted,
lacquered, varnished, polished, or beautified in any other way. The
application of pressure under heat is necessary to form the material into
shape, after which it will harden. The admixture of the farinaceous dust
renders the material less harsh and more plastic; it is then suitable for fine
work, such as cornices and picture frames. The material or compound
will withstand the extremes of temperature in all climates.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Peterson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
19th December 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
PETERSON, of Newport, Isle of Wight, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Charles Peterson, Her special licence that I, the said Charles Peterson,
my executors, administrators,and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles
Peterson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW MATERIAL, OR COMPOUND
APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF PIPES OR TUBES, TO CAULKING OR COVERING
SHIPS' BOTTOMS, AND TO OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Charles Peterson, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,

page_text: and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Peterson, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention,and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment:-
This Invention consists in the manufacture of a new material or compound
applicable to the formation of pipes or tubes for the conveyance of water and
sewage or any other liquid or fluid, also for telegraphic wires, and for roofing,
paving, caulking, sheathing, or covering ships' 'bottoms, for a substitute for
papier maché, for carriage panels, and a variety of other useful
purposes.
I take any vegetable fibre or substance suitable for the purpose, and boil the
same in a solution of caustic alkali for about twelve hours, after which it is
rendered into a pulp by any convenient means. I also take a quantity of tar,
pitch, or other bituminous substance, mineral or vegetable, separately or
together, according to the article to be produced, and boil with about one-
fourth the weight, more or less, of caustic alkali, until it is completely
saponified; it is then, whilst hot, mixed with about an equal weight of fibre
(more or less), rendered into pulp, for about an hour. I then add to the
mixture about ten per cent., more or less, of alum or sulphuric acid, or both
combined, orany other suitable powerful chemical decomposing agent. I then
take the mixture or substance so produced, and form it by any convenient
method into sheets, slabs, pipes, tubes, blocks, or other shape suitable for any
of the purposes before mentioned. When this composition is to be used for
finer or superior purposes, I admix with it a proportion of flour or other
farinaceous matter, the same having been first made into a strong paste by
boiling, and then intimately mixed with the vegetable pulp. When it is
necessary to use flour or other farinaceous matter for the article required to be
produced,I use about oue-fourth or one-third part the weight of flour or other
farinaceous matter, with one-fourth or one-third the weight of tar, pitch, or
other bituminous substance, to the proportion of one-half or one-third the
weight of vegetable fibre rendered into pulp in the manner herein-before
mentioned,andwell mixed together,applying or adding afterwards the solution
of alum or sulphuric acid in the manner herein-before described, whereby a
smooth surface is produced on the material, which may then be painted,
lacquered, varnished, polished, or otherwise beautified. The application of
pressure in combination with heat is necessary to the manufacture of any and
all the articles herein-before mentioned, after which it will become perfectly

page_text: hard. The admixture of the flour or other farinaceous matter renders the
material less harsh and more plastic, and it is then suitable for fine work, such
as picture frames, cornices, &c. This material or compound will withstand
the extremes of temperature in all climates.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in
-which the same is to be performed, I would remark in conclusion that I do
not limit myself to the precise details or the proportions herein expressed, as
the same may obviously be varied or modified without departing from the
principles of the Invention; but what I claim and desire to be secured to me
by the herein in part recited Letters Patent is, the manufacture of the new
material or compound, and' its application to various useful purposes, sub-
stantially as herein specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Peterson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
Witness,
HENRY DUNCOMBE CALDECOT,
Gatcomb Manor House,
Isle of Wight.
CHA. PETERSON.
ETERSON. (L.S.)