Improvements in Horse Shoe Calks.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Dec., 1891-Accepted, 26th Mar., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Horse Shoe Calks.
We, JOSEPH CORNELL HIGGINS, Veterinary Surgeon, THOMAS LEA,
Mechanical Engineer, and ABRAHAM VAN NEST BALDWIN, Mechanical Engineer,
all of New Brunswick in the County of Middlesex and State of New Jersey.
United States of America, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to certain improvements in horse shoe calks, and consists
in certain novel features of construction and in combinations of parts more fully
described hereinafter and particularly pointed out in the claims.
Referring to the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1, is a plan view of the horse shoe with the improved calk applied
thereto.
Figure 2, is a sectional view of the horse shoe with one form of calk therein.
Figure 3 is a side elevation.
Figure 4, an end view of the calk shewn in Figure 2.
Figure 5, is a perspective view showing the parts of the calk shewn in Figure 1,
separated.
In the drawings, reference letter a, indicates a horse shoe provided with the
apertures b, cylindrical although we do not limit ourselves to any particular
shape. The shoe is preferably provided with an aperture at each heel and two
apertures at the toe to receive the calks as shewn in Figure 1. Each calk
consists of the outer contact end e preferably conical as shewn, although we do not
limit ourselves to such construction, and the shank d, formed to fit in its respective
shoe aperture. The shoulder e, is formed between the contact portion c, and the
shank d, to bear against the end face of the shoe. Each calk is formed expansible
at its shank, thereby forming the calk in two longitudinal similar sections as shewn
in Figures 1, and 5, or by forming the calk in one piece, and longitudinally
splitting the shank thereof as shewn in the remaining figures of the drawings.
In either case the formed calk is provided with a central longitudinal passage, to
receive the expanding pin g. In the construction where the calk is formed in two
sections the flat engaging faces of the two sections are grooved so that the grooves
will register and form the tapered longitudinal channel or passage, and the pin g,
for this form of calk is also preferably tapered and extends upwardly from the
contact end of the calk so that when the two sections are placed in the shoe
aperture, and the pin is placed in its passage and forced up from the contact
point of the calk the shank of the calk will be expanded within the shoe aperture
and most rigidly and firmly locked therein.
Where the calk is formed in one piece, the shank can be provided with any
number of splits h, to form it expansible, and the longitudinal passage f is prefer-
ably contracted at its portion within the shank so that when the tapered expanding
ping is forced up in the calk it will engage the contracted portion of the passage
and expand the shank.
The pin and its passage in the calk can be relatively formed in any suitable
way so as to expand the calk within the shoe when the pin is forced up, and we do
not limit ourselves to the exact construction here shewn.
The constant concussions of the contact end of the calk when in use tend to
force up the expanding pin and thereby constantly maintain the calk rigidly and
firmly locked in the shoe.
The many and great advantages of this invention are obvious.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The calk having an expansible shank and a wedge extending through the calk
to expand the shank.
2. An expansible horse shoe calk provided with the expanding pin having
straight smooth sides and extending centrally and longitudinally through the calk
from the contact end thereof, substantially as described.
3. The calk having an expansible shank and a longitudinal passage from the
contact end through the shank, and the expanding pin located in said passage, and
arranged to operate substantially as described.
4. The calk formed in two like longitudinal sections with a longitudinal enclosed
passage open at the ends, and the expanding pin within such passage and arranged
to operate as set forth.
5. The expansible calk having the central longitudinal passage opening through
its contact point, and the expanding pin removably located in said passage so as to
be driven in by blows on the contact end of the calk, combined and arranged to
operate as set forth.
6. The calk formed in one piece and having the longitudinal passage and
the shank formed expansible by longitudinal splits, combined to operate as set
forth.
7. The calk in one piece with its shank split longitudinally to form it expansible,
the passage extending longitudinally through the calk and contracted within the
shank, and the expanding pin, combined to operate as set forth.
8. The calk having cylindrical shank, conical outer end and intermediate
shoulder and formed expansible and provided with expanding means.
Dated this 8th day of December 1801
JOSEPH C. HIGGINS,
By L. W., per F. B.
THOMAS LEA,
By L. W., per F. B.
A. VAN NEST BALDWIN,
By L. W., per F. B.