IMPROVEMENTS IN THE COMBUSTION OF OILS AND IN. APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Archibald Ritchie Gillespie, of the City of Edinburgh, and
Martin Rae, of Middleton Lodge, in the County of Linlithgow, North Britain,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE COMBUSTION OF OILS AND IN.
APPARATUS THEREFOR.”
Sealed the 20th December 1878, and dated the 12th September 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Archibald Ritchie Gillespie
and Martin Rae at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th'
September 1878.
ARCHIBALD RITCHIE GILLESPIE, of the City of Edinburgh, and MARTIN RAE, of
Middleton Lodge, in the County of Linlithgow, North Britain. "IMPROVEMENTS,
IN THE COMBUSTION OF OILS AND IN APPARATUS THErefor."
The improvements constituting this Invention relate to the arrangement and
construction of certain parts of lamps, whereby the glass chimneys at present
employed for surrounding the flame are dispensed with.
The improvements relate to the burner and to the parts immediately connected
thereto.
The deflector forming the upper part of the burner encloses the wick tube, and is
formed so as to táper up on two opposite sides to a wedge-like point, or its equi-
valent, which when heated by the flame causes a current of air to pass up through
the burner, and this, coming into contact with and impinging against the flame as:
it issues through the slit at the top of the burner, produces a good white flame
without the aid of a chimney. The slit or opening for the flame on the top of the
burner extends a short distance down into the ends thereof, and the effect of this
is to cause the flame to spread out after the form of what is known as a fish-tail gas
flame.
Below the wedge-like deflector the lamp is formed with an annular enclosure,
through perforations in which the air passes into the deflector, and this enclosure
being in proximity to the deflector, a portion of the heat escaping from the flame
heats the air as it passes up into the deflector, so that it is rarified before coming
into contact with the flame, thereby causing a more perfect combustion of the oil,

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Archibald Ritchie Gillespie and Martin Rae in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 12th March 1879.
ARCHIBALD RITCHIE GILLESPIE, of the City of Edinburgh, and MARTIN RAE, of
Middleton Lodge, in the County of Linlithgow, North Britain. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE COMBUSTION OF OILS AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."
The improvements constituting our said Invention relate to the arrangements and
combination of certain parts of lamps for burning heavy oils, whereby the glass
chimneys at present employed for surrounding the flame are dispensed with.
The said improvements relate to the burner and to the parts immediately con-
nected therewith.
The deflector forming the upper part of the burner encloses the wick tube, and is
formed so as to taper up on the two opposite sides of the wick tube, that is to say,
it is of a wedge-like figure having a narrow slit at top above the top of the wick
tube, which deflector when heated by the flame causes a current of air to pass up
through the burner, and this, coming into contact with and impinging against the
flame as it issues through the slit at the top of the deflector of the burner, produces
a good white flame, which is caused to spread out after the form of what is known
as a fish-tail gas flame, by reason of the aforesaid slit in the deflector being extended
a short distance down into the ends thereof, down to or about down to, or slightly
below, the level of the top of the wick tube.
Below the wedge-like deflector the lamp may be formed with an enclosure,
through perforations in which the air passes into the deflector, and this enclosure
being in proximity to the deflector, a portion of the heat of the flame heats the air
as it passes up into the deflector, so that it is rarefied before coming into contact
with the flame, thereby causing a more perfect combustion of the oil.
The wicks of our improved lamp are preferably thicker than those employed in
ordinary lamps, and this more especially where very heavy oils are burned.
And in order that our said Invention may be properly understood we now proceed
more particularly to set forth the system, mode, or manner, in or under which the
same is or may be used or practically carried into effect, reference being had to the
accompanying Drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to
say :-
Figure 1 of the said Drawings represents in side elevation, Figure 2 in end eleva-
tion, Figure 3 in plan, and Figure 4 in transverse section (taken on the line 1, 2,
Figure 3) a burner for a lamp constructed according to our Invention.
The wick tube A is enclosed at its upper part by a deflector B of a wedge-like
figure, as shewn, and having a slit b at its top immediately over the upper end of
the said wick tube A, which elit is extended downwards at the ends, down to or
about down to, or slightly below, the level of the top of the wick tube, as shewn at c.
Below the deflector B is an annular enclosure D, through perforations & in which
air passes into the deflector and to the flame. The deflector may be provided with
holes at its sides, as shewn at e, and also at its under side, and it is hinged at f, so
that it may be turned back to give access to the burner. It is kept in its closed
position by the spring snap fastening g.
The enclosure D may be dispensed with if desired, the air passing upward into
the deflector and to the flame through perforations at the under side of the said
deflector. Figure 5 is an elevation of a burner wherefrom the said enclosure D is
omitted.
The other parts correspond to those of the other Figures, and are marked with
the same letters of reference.
We prefer to call lamps having our improved burner "The Oak Bank Oil Lamp."
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our said Inven-

page_text: tion, and the system, mode, or manner in or under which the same is or may be used
or practically carried into effect, we would observe in conclusion that what we consider
to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to us by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the burner constructed as herein-
before described, that is to say, a burner having a wedge-shaped deflector extending
to above the wick tube, where it has a slit for the flame, the said slit extending or
being continued downwards at either end down to or about down to, or slightly
below, the level of the top of the wick tube, by the use of which burner results the
improved combustion of oil and shape of the flame, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Archibald Ritchie Gillespie, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Tenth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-nine.
A. R. GILLESPIE. (L.S.)