Improvements in Apparatus for Automatically Regulating the Pressure of Steam in Steam Boilers.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Feb., 1889
Specification Accepted, 16th Mar., 1889
Improvements in Apparatus for Automatically Regulating the
Pressure of Steam in Steam Boilers.
I, MOSIEK FINKELSZTEIN, of 11 Mazowiecka Mizdzyezec, in the Empire of
Russia Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to apparatus for automatically regulating the pressure of
steam or other fluid in steam boilers and the like.
The safety valves heretofore generally used for this purpose, which have a direct
load, such as a loaded lever or spring load, are easily accessible to the attendant or
other person and can be loaded or otherwise tampered with by him at will.
In boilers which have been at work for a time, the surfaces of contact of the
valve and its seat by reason of the scale formed upon them, will become united
together so that the valve cannot open when the steam reaches the pressure at
which it should open as previously determined.
The improved automatic apparatus for regulating the pressure of steam depends
exclusively upon the pressure gauge, and being adjusted to a definite pressure,
will, on the latter being exceeded, open the steain-valve and allow the excess of
steam to escape into the open air.
The closing of the said valve can take place only after the pressure of the
steam in the boiler has perceptibly fallen below the limit originally assigned
to it.
The importance of this invention lies in the setting of a safe limit to the
pressure of the steam in the boiler and in dispensing with the safety valves.
The improved apparatus is represented in the accompanying drawings the figures
of which are hereinafter referred to.
The said apparatus comprises an ordinary pressure gauge A shown in front
elevation, sectional plan and side view partially in section: in Figures 1, 2 and 3,
respectively; a mechanical device D shown in Figures 1, 4 and 5; a casing B
having a spiral spring F shown in section in Figure 7; and a valve O shown in
section in Figure 6, which serves for the discharge of the excess of steam.

page_text: Figure 8 illustrates on a smaller scale a general view of the automatic steam-
regulating apparatus mounted upon the boiler.
Figures 9 and 10 show on a larger scale details of Figure 1. The said valve is
fixed together with the pressure gauge, upou the pipe G which is arranged directly
upon the boiler. Asar ndy stated the pressure gauge A is arranged upon the pipe &,
and is therefore in direct connection with the steam-boiler. Steam passing through
the steam pipe a sets the pressure gauge in action, the hand 6 is arrang d with the
dise upon a common axis in such a manner that the said dise can move without
imparting this rotary movement to the hand b. By the turning motion of the pin d a
second hand is turned at the end of which is provided a pin g. Suppose the hand
of the pressure-gauge points to 0), that is to say when there is no pressure in the
boiler, and the apparatus is to be set in oporation at a steam-pressure of one atinosphere,
it is merely necessary to so place the dise C that the corresponding number 1 upon
the said dise has its place in the centre of the eye h; in this motion the hand which
is on the opposite silo of the dial plate will pass to a position. As soon as this is
effected the valve () must be closed and the apparatus must be prepared for the
eventual operation. If the small fly wheel O' (Figure 7) is turned, the drum L'
through the medium of the gear wheels P and L will be turned, and as unu
end of the spring Fis fixed to the said drum, this spring will be caused to bend
in the direction of the arrow #: the other end of tlm spring is secured to the nut K.
As the drum L' is rotated the axis is caused to turn through the medium of
the groove R; the spindle J being provided with a scrow thread, and the nut K
being stationary, the spindle J, owing to the turning movement, is screwed from
the nut, therefore the valve O is moved on to its seat or closed.
In this operation therefore the valve O has been closed and the spring F has
been put under tension. As above stated the nut K is rendered stationary. This
is effected by fixing thereon the wheel M which is connected by a number of
wheels N, N, N with the axis that carries the wire S, and as the wire S is
retained by means of the pin r, it follows that, irrespective of the action of the
spring which is also fixed to the nut, the whole mechanism will be kept at rest
through the medium of wire S and the pin r (of the lever m). As soon as the
highest desired pressure is exceeded and the pin g of the hand, which latter has
passed from the position, moves the lever i to the right, the pin p which is
arranged on the opposite side of the fulcrum n of this lever, arts upon tho wedge-
shaped end of the lever m, is lowered together with the lever K, and after it has
passed beyond the point of the wedge-shaped part throws the levor m to the
right hand side, then it rises again in order to keep the lever m in this position.
At the moment when the levor m carrying the pin r which has prevented the
wire S from making a turning movement, is thrown to the right hand side
the said wire will be liberated from the pin r, so that the axis which carries the
wire S can turn, and the entire system of wheels N N N and M and the nut K
will also turn under the action of the spring F. The nut K is so arranged
that it can turn but cannot move in the axial direction; owing to the rotary
movement of the said nut, the spindle J will be displaced and at the same time
tho valvo O will open and allow the escape of the excuss of steam.
The spindle Jis turned and moved towards the valve seat that is to say, it
closes the valve O when the same is acted upon through the medium of the small
fly wheel O' and the wheels I, Land drum L, for tho nut is then stationary ;
whereas the spindle J is raised without turning when the spring acts upon it
through the nut, for the drum is thon stationary.
The escape of steam will last until the pressure in the boilor has decreased a
little, the hand then passes back and consequently with it the hand upon the
same nxis, that is to say the latter land moves to the left hand side, and now
the levors i, k, m will move in the reverse direction, namely; the pin p on the
lover i prossos the wedge-shaped part of the lover m to the right hand side, the
and of the lever k is lowered, and after the pin p has passed beyond the point of
the said wedge-shaped part it throws the lever m to the loft hand side and the

page_text: pin passes at the same time into the path of the turning wire S so that the
latter meets and stops the pin r, in consequence of which the entire mechanism
and also the nut K will be caused stop. After this has taken place the
attendant can approach the valve O and close the same by turning the fly wheel O¹
the wheels PL and the drum L', and at the same time put the spring under
tension as above stated. The apparatus is then adjusted for another operation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
-
First. The automatic steam-regulating apparatus, comprising an ordinary pressure-
gauge A, a mechanical device D, a casing B having a spiral spring F, and a
valve O for the discharge of the excess of steam.
Second. The mechanical device D, comprising the combination of the wheel M
connected with the nut K which by suitable transmitting gear actuates the wire S,
and of the lover m which when the highest steam pressure is exceeded disengages
the wire S through the combined action of the pin d, hand fand levers i and k,
and thereby allows a turning movement of the nut K under the action of the
spring F, whereby the valve O is opened.
Third. The casing B containing the spring F, one end of which is connected
with the stationary nut K and the other end with the drum 1, tho said spring
being arranged to be put under tension by means of the fly wheel O¹ and the
gear PLa longitudinal motion being at the same time imparted to the axis J whereby
the valve O is closed.
Th
1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.