IMPROVEMENTS IN EMBROIDERING MACHINES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Leach, of 12, Rosamond Street, Hulme,
Manchester, Machinist, and John Webb, of 112, Grosvenor Street,
Chorlton-on-Medlock, Manchester, Manufacturer, for the Invention
Of ❝IMPROVEMENTS IN EMBROIDERING MACHINES.”
Sealed the 20th July 1875, and dated the 22nd January 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Leach and John
Webb at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 22nd January 1875.
We, ROBERT LEACH, of 12, Rosamond Street, Hulme, Manchester,
Machinist, and John Webb, of 112, Grosvenor Strect, Chorlton-on-
Medlock, Manchester, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN EMBROIDERING MACHINES," to be as
follows:-

page_text: وو
The improvements refer to what is well known as the "Bonaz’
embroidering machine, and consists in a new arrangement of various
parts of that machine, by which means a different result ensues in the
kind or form of stitch obtained, thereby enabling a more perfect imita-
tion of hand embroidery to be produced by machinery.
In the Bonaz machine as at present employed the needle is
placed in such a position relatively with what is called the "looper,"
and with the "feed motion," that when the needle passes through the
fabric operated upon it passes through a loop formed by the thread, and
consequently upon the return of the needle to the upper side, it will
draw the thread through the loop thus formed, and thereby produce
what is termed a chain stitch upon the surface of the fabric, and of this
stitch the embroidery usually done by this machine is composed.
Now, hand embroidery of the better sort, more particularly when wool.
is used, is seldom composed of a chain stitch, but for the most part of
a raised or pile stitch. To produce by machinery an imitation of this
stitch and to effect our improvements, we so arrange the position of the
needle and looper relatively with the feed motion, that when the needle
descends to take up the thread from the looper, such needle does not
pass through a loop in the thread, neither is there any chain formed by
the thread, but the thread of wool or other suitable substance is drawn
through the fabric, and when drawn to the required height, is held there
by means of the tubular stamper or nipple, within which the needle
works until the needle passes down again to repeat the operation, by
which means a raised or pile stitch is formed upon the surface of the
fabric, which, when worked into suitable designs, can be used for
upholstering and other ornamental purposes.
The position of the needle and looper necessary to produce this
result is determined relatively by that of the feed motion in this wise:-
If the feed motion be not altered in its position relatively with the other
working parts of the machine, the needle and the looper are turned
around their respective centres a distance of 180 degrees or thereabouts
from their present position in the ordinary "Bonaz " machine, so that
the "hook" of the needle and the nick or slot in the looper will be placed
about opposite to the position such are placed in at present in that

page_text: machine for the production of chain embroidery. On the other hand if
the needle and looper are kept in their present position, the improve-
ments can be effected by altering or turning the feed motion to the same
extent.