Improvements in or relating to Umbrellas, Parasols, or the like.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Feb., 1891
Complete Specification Left. 2:th Nov., 1891-Accepted. 13th Feb., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Umbrellas, Parasols, or the like.
1, ERNEST FLUDE, of No. 55 Charles Street Leicester in the County of
Leicester Umbrella Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:
--
This invention refers to improvements in or relating to umbrellas, parasols or
the like whereby the rib is strengthened at the point where the stretcher is attached
thereto, in such a way that no bending or cramping of the rib is made to avoid it being
pierced in securing the stretcher thereto. I make the lower part of the rib narrow
by rolling, or so reduce it that it lies in the trough of the stretcher the bulk or
width of both corresponding with the broad upper part immediately above, a metal
band folded round the body of the rib which is made of trough wire, the stretcher
may be made either of two rods secured parallel to each other by straps or bands
across the front, or a two tined fork made of wire, or the ordinary broad "lock rib"
stretcher may be employed forked at the top and clamped at the bottom to fit the
runner. The stretcher is placed on the reduced part of the rib with the fork end
covering the band which along with the rib has previously been pierced, the whole
are then securely riveted together.
Any suitable spring or catch may be employed instead of the ordinary hand
spring, and the notch and runner may be made of solid tube so that the ribs and
stretchers when closed will be in a small compass, and the tips of the ribs lie in a
sliding cup, arranged on the stick of a suitable shape and size."
Dated this 19th day of February 1891.
WILLIAM BESTWICK MAXFIELD,
Applicant's Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Umbrellas, Parasols, or the like.
1, ERNEST FLUDE of No. 55 Charles Street Leicester in the County of
Leicester Umbrella Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention refers to improvements in or relating to umbrellas, parasols or
the like whereby the rib is strengthened at the point where the stretcher is attached
thereto by a band and the rib rolled and drawn into the tapered shape. The
present means of bending or cramping the rib in the centre weakening it considerably.
1 cmploy a suitable spring catch in place of the ordinary hand spring, and the
notch and runner made of solid tube so that the ribs and stretchers when closed
will lie in a small compass, and the tips of the ribs with forked end of stretcher lie
in a sliding cup arranged as hereinafter described and referred to in the accom-
panying sheet of drawings in which:
Figure 1 is an under side elevation of the rib A and A', and stretcher B in dotted
line constructed in accordance with this invention.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of the same, at lines X the cross sections are seen of
both rib A, A' and stretcher B.
Figure 3 illustrates the outer forked end b' of the stretcher B, adapted to lie in
the grooves b, in the notch M of the spring bolt runner C.
Figure 4 is an inner view of the outer-cap D.

page_text: Figure 5. shows the other cap E, which fits inside the outer cap D, both enclose
the spring F secured to the catch G, the inner projection of which g, enters the slots
in the collars of the stick.
Figure 6 is a side elevation of the frame of an umbrella, parasol or the like (the
runner C being shown in section) constructed and arranged in accordance with this
invention.
Figure 7, Sheet 2, is an end view showing the spring bolt runner and sliding cup
closed over the notch M. holding the ribs and stretchers.
Figure 8. is a similar view to the previous one, and showing the sliding cup J.
drawn back and exposing the runner notch M and the stretchers and ribs lying in
their respective places.
Figure 9. is a back view of the tapered rib showing the band 63, folded round
and clamped to the body of the rib, and the manner in which the stretcher is secured
thereto.
Figure 10 shows in cross section an ordinary rib and git h, and the usual method
of securing the stretcher thereto and
Figure 11. shows in cross section my rib and stretcher without a git.
The same letters of reference refer to like parts in all the figures.
To carry my invention into effect the lower part of the rib A is made narrow by
rolling or otherwise reducing it so that it lies in the trough of the stretcher B, the
bulk or width of both corresponding thereabouts with the broad upper part of the
rib A', which commences immediately above the metal band 63, folded and clamped
round the body of the rib, which is made of trough wire, the stretchers 13 may either
be made of two rods (seen in dotted line Figure 1.) secured to each other by straps,
pins or bands B*, or the ordinary "lock rib stretcher seen in Figure 2 and others,
forked at both ends band 6, to fit in the grooves in the notches M of the runner C,
and to the band 63, and clamped to the rib.
16
"
The stretcher B consequently coming on the reduced or tapered part of the rib,
the said forked end b, covering the band at the sides, the stretcher, band and
tapered rib having been pierced the whole are then securely riveted together, a
strengthening centre bit being as usual put on the inside of the top of the stretcher,
the clamping of the band 3, being effected in any well known manner. The spring
or catch, or spring bolt runner with sliding cup employed in lieu of the ordinary
hand spring to hold the ribs and stretchers in their places is constructed as herein-
after described. The invention being carried out in the following manner.
any ordinary stick I arrange the collars or bands H and H¹ in their respective
Upon
places as seen in Figure 6 of the drawings," and through each a hole is made
going sufficiently through the stick to allow of the upper projection g of the spring
pressed bolt G to enter therein, the ring of which encircles the solid tube c, of the
sliding runner ( seen in Figure 5." The push d, of the spring pressed bolt
may or may not project dx above the surface of the caps, and in place of the
bolt I may employ the catch g seen in dotted line Figure 5 which enters a
corresponding transverse slot cut in the collars H and H and stick, a spring F
being secured thereto pressing against the sides of the inner cap E which fits in the
onter cap D "see Figures 4 to 8 inclusive." The push d' projecting through holes
in the said caps D and E; or may not project as d Figures 7 and 8.
65
The caps are held upon the sliding tube runner Ceither by means of the milled
headed screw nut I, or the outer cap D may be internally screwed to fit on the outer
screwed end of the sliding runner C, before the caps are thus secured the sliding
cup is put upon the bit of tube c², on which it slides, moved forward by hand over
the notch M holding the ribs and stretchers and so securing them in their places.
Whether the umbrella or the like is closed or open, the spring bolt enters the
hole in the collars on the stick automatically and is again released by pressure of
the thumb piece dor d'.
The umbrella or the like when closed is folded in a small compass by the ribs
and stretchers fitting close to the stick, to better effect this at the top portion of
the stick is fitted a feather edged tapered notch K, in the radial grooves of which

page_text: are secured the tapered ends a* of the "lock ribs" A' (in the ends of which wire
is inserted to make them solid) by wire in the usual manner, the cloth of whatever
fabric or texture desirable is secured to the ribs forming the frame, at k¹, and
holes k³, and k³, made in the rolled or tapered part of the rib A and is covered by
a hell shaped cap L "seen in Figure 6," to be brought over the top notch and fits
thereon in such a manner that the cap does not stand out from the notch as is
now the case. Thereby producing an umbrella or the like which is solid, strong and
"reliable" and much smaller than any such article hitherto made on a solid stick,
and double as strong in that part of the rib in which is usually put a "git," the centre
bit "seen in Figures 1, 9 and 11" inside the stretchers is level with the back of
same, and not being connected to a git, the stretchers lic flat to the stick. In
ordinary ribs a git ¹ is applied as shown in Figure 10, which projects from the front
of the rib, the stretcher being attached to the git or projections and centre bits.
In my case as will be seen in Figure 11, the stretcher is attached to the band
and rib.
The rib being thus strengthened it is almost an impossibility for the umbrella
or the like to be blown inside out.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is
1. In an umbrella, parasol or the like as a new article of manufacture a gitless
rib composed of a narrow section such as A, and a broad section such as A upon
which is clamped a metal band ³ and riveted therete the upper forked ends b, of
the stretcher B, as hereinbefore described.
2. In the composition of the framing of umbrellas, parasols or the like a rib
tapered from or about the centre, with a clamped band and stretcher B attached
that they lie close to the stick, as herein shown and described.
3. In combination with the gitless rib the double cut grooved notch 2 of the
runner C in conjunction with collars H and H let in flush with the solid stick.
A feather edged tapered top notch K and cover L, with solid tapered rib end a*
and holes through the rib as K2 and K³ for the purpose hereinbefore described.
4. Improvements in or relating to umbrellas, parasols or the like for strengthening
the rib, and folding into a small space by the contrivances arranged substantially'as
described and set forth.
11
521
c
1001
<C
WILLIAM BESTWICK MAXFIELD,
The Central" Patent Office, 19, Bowling Green Street, Leicester,
Applicant's Agent.