Piston Valve Packing suitable for Steam Engines
Year: 1885

page_text: This Specification was, upon the 13th day of May 1891, Amended under
Sections 18 to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883.
Piston Valve Packing suitable for Steam Engines.
ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of the invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN OR RELATING TO VALVES VALVE GEAN AND PISTON AND PISTON VALVE PACKING
SUITABLE FOR STEAM ENGINES" (a communication from William W. St John of New
York United States of America, Engineer) and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
This Invention relates to improvements in valves and valve gear and piston and
piston valve packing of steam engines, and the object is to improve the construction
and operation of engines more especially locomotive-and-other-quick-running engines;
in-such-munner of such packings that they engines can be run more economically
and advantageously than those now in use-;-ulso that they can be better manipulated
and heretofore, ie., give better results as regards saving of fuel and steam.
The invention consists in the construction of certain parts and arrangement of
parts, as will be more fully described hereinafter, reference being had to the
accompanying drawings in which,
Fig is a view part in section, part in elevation of the valve gear, showing the
valves in closed position Fig. 2 is a similar view with the valve-heads apart-
Fig. 3 is a cross section of the same Fig. 4 is a cross-section on the line crc-of
Fig. 5 Fig is a longitudinal section of a piston valve and eat off Fig. 6 1 is
a perspective view of a piston with my improved packing ring-Fig. 2 is a cross-
section of the same Fig. 3 is a part side view-part section of the same Fig. 04
is a detail view showing the filling piece-Fig. 195 is a cross-section of a solid piston
with my packing ring-Fig. 14 6 is a side view of the ring detached-Fig. 127 is a

page_text: .
detail view of the adjoining ends of the ring and filling piece-Fig.
enlarged cross section of the ring.
8 is an
In the Drawings A represents the valve seat of an engine and to it the steam
ehest B-is secured It is bored out to receive the piston-valve B' having the-bisected
heads CC provided-with-my-L-shaped packing rings c. c' more particularly
described hereinafter The rings re-set-out by steam pressure against the interior
of the steam chest--The heads C Care held together by the pressure of the steam.
when running in the ordinary manner, but when descending a grade, or-running
without n loud, the-heads-are thrown apart by means of an upper and lower-rack-
ber-meshing with a pinion as follows: the valve-stem-E-is-connected-to-an-arm-k
of rackbar K-while-an arm I secured to the hollow stem D of the hend C is
attached to the red G having rack G' An-arm /¹-extends-upward-and-supports
the outer-end of rack K which has an adjustable stop or nut m-upon it-These
rack bars with their arms form a bisected yoke A short arm k'-on-rack-bar-K
supports a rod 1 having a coiled spring i which bears with its opposite-ends
against-arms-k² and /_ The pinion I meshing with said rack bars is mounted on
a-pin-h-on rocker-arm-H'-acting as an idler wheel-When the load is on the engine,
the valve operates as in Fig.-1,-but when descending a grade the heads are thrown
apart by spring i as in Fig. 2 and the vacuum-will-be-broken in the cylinder.
Another part of this invention is shown in Figs. 4 and 5-consisting of a main
piston-valve-L with an interior cut off valve MM' The steam-ports 1-pass
through the valve 1 and the exhaust port is annular in form-Bridge-bars-/"
connect the two-outer-heads-of-main valve with the middle-head-and-prevent the
packing rings of the cut off from expanding The heads-M-M' are attached-to-a
valve-stem-m having right and left hand threads to adjust them Both-min-und
cut-off valves are provided with my shaped packing rings A-yoke-n-on-the
main valve is provided with the hollow valve-stem ("" and the valve stem-m-of the
ent-off valve-stem passes through it-Both stems are connected to proper-eccentrics
eams or other operating mechanism.
Another part of the invention-relates to un-improved piston-packing for steam
engines as shown in Figs. 6-to-13-In Figs. 1 to 4 the piston consists of main
head N and packing rings O and P-The packing rings are L-shaped with the
vertical part o made wider than the part o' so that the steam will. force the rings O
against the rings P-These rings are recessed as at p and receive the vertical part
of the rings O forming a bearing for them-At the point where the head N is cut
a segmental piece is secured and a key 9 serves to expand the ring-A filling-
piece R is placed on each side of the joint to prevent leakage of steam-It has a
teat placed in the recess and a hole s, into which pint fits, serves to hold the
filling piece R in place The rings O are similar to those used on this valves and
form an important feature of this invention:
As a modification of this piston. the packing ring shewn in Figures 10 to 13 is
used on solid pistons-The piston head N is made solid and the packing ring O is
only used This ring is split and passed over the sides of the head turned out to
form a recess u to receive it-To prevent leakage of steam a T-shaped filling-
piece R is employed-This has projections which fit into recesses p. p.
correspondingly shaped, and extend partly in one end and partly in the other
ring O, space being left to allow for the expansion of the ring-In some instances
to prevent the filling-piece from dropping out of its place, the sides are bevelled as
shown in Figure 13-These packing-rings can be kept on hand as an article of
manufacture.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated
to me by my foreign correspondent I declare that what I claim is,
1 A piston valve having bisected heads, held together by the steam pressure
and forced apart by the-nction of a spring when relieved of said pressure;
substantially as-specified.

page_text: =
roke, provided with racks-meshing with a pinion H in combination with a spring i
substantially as set forth.
3rd-The-combination of a bisected yoke having upper and lower racks meshing
with a gear wheel, said yoke connected to separate valve stems attached-to-the
heads of a bisected-piston valve-and a spring i for separating said heads, thereby
destroying the vacuum and by steam pressure forcing them together-substantially
as described.
4th The combination of a main piston-valve-having a hollow stem, with a cut-off
valve having a stem passing through said hollow stem substantially as specified.
5th The combination of a main piston-valve having end heads and a middle-head,
united by bridge-Lars and provided with steam--and exhaust ports-with a-ent-off
valve consisting of heads MM'-provided with a valve stem having right and left
hand threads substantially as set forth.
6th 1. A piston having a split head provided with a filling piece over the joint
substantially as herein shown and specifieil.
7th 2. The split head of a piston made expansible by a wedge arranged as shewn
and provided with filling pieces R over its joint substantially as set forth.
Sh 3. In pistons the split head N having filling pieces R segment Q and wedge
in combination with the solid rings P forming seats for split rings O provided with
filling pieces R all substantially as specified.
9th 4. A packing ring for pistons consisting of an L-shaped ring having a filling
piece over its joint substantially as shown and for the purpose specified.
10th 5. The packing ring O herein described provided at its split part with filling
pieces R' having ends and a central part and fitting into correspondingly
shaped recesses in the adjoining parts of the ring substantially as set forth.
14th 6. As a new article of manufacture a split packing ring of the cross section
shewn and provided with a filling piece having ends and a central part fitting
into correspondingly shaped recesses all substantially as shown and specified.
127. The packing rings O and P arranged as shown in combination with a split
head N having the filling pieces R provided with teats and hole s. fitting on
pins & substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 27th day of August 1885.
ALFRED J. BOULT.

page_text: Packing suitable for Steam Engines.
I ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of the invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN OR RELATING TO VALVES VALVE GEAR AND PISTON PACKING SUITABLE FOR
">
STEAM ENGINES (a communication from William W. St John of New York
United States of America, Engineer) and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This Invention relates to improvements in valves and valve gear and piston
packing of steam engines and the object is to improve the construction and
operation of engines more especially locomotive and other quick-running engines,
in such manner that they can be run more economically and advantageously than
those now in use; also that they can be better manipulated and give better results
as regards saving of fuel and steam.
The invention consists in the construction of certain parts and arrangement of
parts, as will be more fully described hereinafter, reference being had to the
accompanying drawings in which,
.
Fig. 1 is a view part in section, part in elevation of the valve-gear, showing the
valves in closed position-Fig. 2 is a similar view with the valve heads apart-
Fig. 3 is a cross section of the same-Fig. 4 is a cross section on the line x. x of
Fig. 5-Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of a piston valve and cut off Fig. 6 is a
perspective view of a piston with my improved packing ring-Fig. 7 is a cross-
section of the same Fig. 8 is a part side view-part section of the same Fig. 9 is
a detail.view showing the filling piece-Fig. 10 is a cross-section of a solid piston
with my packing ring-Fig. 11 is a side view of the ring detached-Fig. 12 is a
detail view of the adjoining ends of the ring and filling piece-Fig. 13 is an
enlarged cross section of the ring.
.
In the Drawings A represents the valve seat of an engine and to it the steam
chest B is secured-It is bored out to receive the piston-valve B₁ having the bisected
heads C-C provided with my 'L-shaped packing rings c. c more particularly
.

page_text: described hereinafter-The rings are set out by steam pressure against the interior
of the steam chest-The heads C C are held together by the pressure of the steam,
when running in the ordinary manner, but when descending a grade, or running
without a load, the heads are thrown apart by means of an upper and lower rack-
bar meshing with a pinion as follows: the valve-stein E is connected to an arm k
of rackbar K; while an arm F secured to the hollow stem D of the head C is
attached to the rod G having rack G₁-An arm extends upward and supports
the outer end of rack K which has an adjustable stop or nut m upon it-These
rack bars with their arms form a bisected yoke-A short arm le¹ on rack bar K
supports a rod 1-having a coiled spring which bears with its opposite ends
against arms and h―The pinion H meshing with said rack bars is mounted on
a pin h on rocker arm H acting as an idler wheel-When the load is on the engine,
the valve operates as in Fig. 1, but when descending a grade the heads are thrown
apart by spring i as in Fig. 2 and the vacuum will be broken in the cylinder.
Another part of this invention is shown in Figs. 4 and 5 consisting of a main
piston valve L with an interior cut-off valve M M-The steam ports 7 pass
through the valve L and the exhaust port is annular in form-Bridge bars 7¹!
connect the two outer heads of main valve with the middle head and prevent the
packing rings of the cut-off from expanding-The heads M M¹ are attached to a
valve stem m having right and left hand threads to adjust them-Both main and
cut-off valves are provided with my L-shaped packing rings-A yoke n on the
main valve is provided with the hollow valve stem and the valve stem m of the
cut off valve-stem passes through it-Both stems are connected to proper eccentrics
cams or other operating mechanism.
Another part of the invention relates to an improved piston-packing for steam
engines as shown in Figs. 6 to 13-In Figs. 6 to 9 the piston consists of main
head N and packing rings O and P-The packing rings O are L-shaped with the
vertical part o made wider than the part of so that the steam will force the rings O
against the rings P-These rings are recessed as at p and receive the vertical part
of the rings O forming a bearing for them-At the point where the bead N is cut
a segmental piece Q is secured and a key q serves to expand the ring-A filling-
piece R is placed on each side of the joint to prevent leakage of steam-It has a
teatr placed in the recess r¹ and a hole 8, into which pin t fits, serves to hold the
filling piece R in place-The rings O are similar to those used on this valves and
form an important feature of this invention.
As a modification of this piston, the packing ring shown in Figures 10 to 13 is
used on solid pistons-The piston head N is made solid and the packing ring O is
only used This ring is split and passed over the sides of the head turned out to
form a recess u to receive it-To prevent leakage of steam a T-shaped filling-
piece R is employed-This has projections which fit into recesses p. p.
correspondingly shaped, and extend partly in one end and partly in the other
ring space being left to allow for the expansion of the ring-In some instances
to prevent the filling-piece from dropping out of its place, the sides are bevelled as
shown in Figure 13-These packing-rings can be kept on hand as an article of
manufacture.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated
to me by my foreign correspondent I declare that what I claim is
1st A piston-valve having bisected heads, held together by the steam pressure
and forced apart by the action of a spring when relieved of said pressure,
substantially as specified.
2nd A bisected piston-valve having separate valve-stems connected to a bisected
yoke, provided with racks meshing with a pinion H in combination with a spring i
substantially as set forth.
3rd The combination of a bisected yoke having upper and lower racks meshing
with a gear-wheel, said yoke connected to separate valve stems attached to the

page_text: heads of a bisected piston-valve and a spring i for separating said heads, thereby
destroying the vacuum and by steam-pressure forcing them together substantially
as described.
4th The combination of a main piston-valve having a hollow stem, with a cut-off
valve having a stem passing through said hollow stem substantially as specified.
5th The combination of a main-piston-valve having end heads and a middle head,
united by bridge bars and provided with steam and exhaust ports with a cut-off
valve consisting of heads M M¹ provided with a valve-stem having right and left
hand threads substantially as set forth.
6th A piston having a split head provided with a filling piece over the joint
substantially as herein shown and specified.
7th The split head of a piston made expansible by a wedge arranged as shewn
and provided with filling pieces R over its joint substantially as set forth.
0
8th In pistons the split head N having filling pieces R segment Q and wedge q
in combination with the solid rings P forming seats for split rings O provided with
filling pieces R¹ all substantially as specified.
9th A packing ring for pistons consisting of an L-shaped ring having a filling
piece over its joint substantially as shown and for the purpose specified.
10th The packing ring O herein described provided at its split part with filling
pieces R¹ having ends and a central part and fitting into correspondingly
shaped recesses in the adjoining parts of the ring substantially as set forth.
11th As a new article of manufacture a split packing ring of the cross section
shewn and provided with a filling piece having ends and a central part fitting
into correspondingly shaped recesses all substantially as shown and specified.
12th The packing rings O and P arranged as shown in combination with a split
head N having the filling pieces R provided with teats r and hole 8. fitting on
pins t substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
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