IMPROVLMENTS IN FURNITURE TRANSPORT AND OTHER VEHICLES
Year: 1888

page_text: "
I, ERNST WILHELM SCHWINGER of Chemnitzer Strasse 35, in the City of Dresden,
Saxony, in the Empire of Germany, Master Picker do hereby declare the naturo of
my invention for "IMPROVLMENTS IN FURNITURE TRANSPORT AND OTHER VEHICLES
and in whit manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascort uned in and by the following statement
-
My invention relites to improvements in velucles and is especially applicable to
Furniture and other Transport vans, cirs or carriages and in order that the samne may
be more perfectly understood I will proceed to describe my said invention in its
application to furniture van or car
It is well known to all those connected with this branch of trade that the springs of
furniture vans are subjected to great strain and wear and tear, not only during the
transport by rail but also in loiding heavy objects so that the said springs are often
ruptured, and experience has furthermore shown the inefficiency of the ordinary
screw brakes whereby the brake blocks can only be gradually screwed up to the
wheel
1
Now according to my invention the springs are freed from strain and shocks and
device applied by means of which the body of the van or carriage is supported
immediately by the wheels and instead of the common screw brake, a brike is
employed in which the braking operation is effected by means of brake band which
acts on drum or disc on the axle concentrical to the wheels of the carriage or van in
such manner that strong pull on the brake lever will cause an immediate and
powerful action of the brake bind on the drum and axle and as a brake drum of large
diameter can be employed the frictional resistance will be so great that the momentum
of the vehicle is readily overcome
In the accompanying drawings, Fig 1 15
side view and partial section of a
furniture van with my improvements applied to the same
Fig 2 14 an end view of Fig 1 with the rear spring releasing mechanism removɩd
Fig 3 is a top view of the parts, the body of the vehicle being omitted
Fig 4 is an elevation of the rear end of the vehicle with the mechanism for
releasing the rear springs
Fio is a view of the vehicle seen from below,

page_text: a is the body of the van or carriage which is carried by four wheels b which sud
wheels can be provided with spiked tires for shippery or smoothly frozen rods is
represented on one of the rear wheels in Fig 1
The forward part of the body a of the van is supported by the springs c and the
axle d
When the van is standing still for loading or unloading or driving transport by
rail on a truck these springs c can be freed from the pressure of the body a and the
load in the same for which purpose a support e is ari inged above each of the four
wheels said supports e being connected with each other by means of a spring rod f
attached to the centre of the body a, said rod f having the tendency to move and hold
the supports e upwards When the van is in motion and the springs c in operation
theso supports e are held against the longitudinal beams of the frame work of the van
as represented in the iccompanying
drawings
If the van is to be left standing for any considerable time such as during transport
by rul or when loading the same the supports e can be lowered, by means of ricks g
which move in appropriate guides and ire provided with suit ible flanges for att iching
the same to the supports e, so as to press firmly on the wheels b and thus release the
springs ce from all strain
The racks 9 are operated by means of the spindle and pinion & the outer end of
the said spindle being squared off to receive a suitable key or crank
On the same spindle I arrange a ratchet wheel k in which a pawl 7 gears so as to
เ
prevent the spindle from making a return movement, sud ratchet wheel and pawl
being preferably arranged on the outside of the side wall of the body a of the van
whilst the rack and pinion are located in the interior of the sune
It will be evident that, when the pinion k is rotated in the direction shown by the
arrow in Fig 1, the rack g and the support e connected to the same can be moved
downwards until the latter comes in contact with the wheel band that if this
movement is continued the body of the van will be rused and the springs c c released
from pressure
In order to restore the parts to the position represented in the
drawings it is only necessary to turn the spindle in the opposite direction
The device for releasing the rear springs c¹ c' acts in like minner as above described
with the exception that the sud springs are connected with each other by the cross
spring m and are moved simultaneously This device consists of two plates n n
between which the spring m runs, and which rest on the bolts o, said bolts and also
the bolts p p serving to connect the two plates with each other
Two spindles qq which have then bearings in the plates n n are arranged to carry
ench one toothed wheel between the said plates, said wheels gearing one with the
other and with two racks as fixed to the framework of the van which latter are rounded
at then lower ends so as to pass through appropriate openings in the spring m and
thus serve as guides for the same the inferior ends being provided with suitable flinges
The one end of the spindle q¹ is squared to receive key or crank t and is provided
with a ratchet wheel'u in which a pawl v gears so as to hold the spindles q q' in
position
When the spindle q' is rotated by means of the key or crank t the spindle q and
wheels are caused to puticipate in the said movement in such manner that when
the plates n n are caused to move upwards the rear part of the van is lowered in
correspondence with the distance the bolts o o are raised from the springs m
As soon as the body of the van has been lowered until the supports to rest on the
wheels bb the springs are freed from pressure and if the parts are moved further
will be placed entirely out of action If the spindle q' is rotated in the opposite
direction the parts will be returned to their original position as represented in the
accompanying drawings
y is the bearing for the pole The arrangement of the brake device is as follows
A is the brake disc or drum which can be cast of one piece with the wheel or screwed
or bolted to the same In the arrangement represented in the accompanying drawings
the two reu wheels are provided with brake drums although all four wheels can carry
brake drums,

page_text: A is the brake band attached to the ends 6' 6 of the lever 6 keyed to the shaft B
and consisting of two halves connected by a suitable hinge The shaft B arranged
above the brake drums is carried in two bearings c c fixed to the framework of the
car and carries in or near its centre a one armed lever d' attached to a rod C which
can be moved in longitudinal direction and is carried in two bearings E The other
end of the rod C is connected to a lever D moving around the fulcrum f' which
passes into the interior of the van and can be held in various positions by means of the
studs or projections g¹ g³ of the rail 9³
If the speed of the car is to be reduced it is only necessary for the driver or guard
to place the lever D behind one of the studs or projections 91 9³ according to
requirements The rod C is hereby moved to the right and causes a rotation of the
shaft B by means of the lever d' so that the lever 63 presses the brake band A¹ onto
the periphery of the brake drum A
The rod C can also be operated by means of suitable screw threads and nuts or a
second rod can for security sake be employed such arrangement being more suited for
rulway vehicles where a gradual but very effective braking but not a sudden braking
18 required
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
In vans, cars, carriages and other vehicles
1 A device for releasing the springs and transferi ing the load to the wheels direct
consisting of a rack g and pinion and a ratchet wheel k and pawll for each of the
front wheels 6 by means of which support e can be lowered onto the said wheel or
wheels and of a device for simultaneously releasing the rear springs by means of the
racks ss fixed to the frume of the van, the pinions, r, ratchet wheel u and pawl v
arranged between the two plates n n so that when the parts are operated the plates n n
and the parts connected to the same will be raised whilst the racks ss and so the rear
part of the van will be lowered until the supports w come in contact with the wheels
of the vin ind thus release the springs from strain and pressure substantially as and
for the purpose set forth and shown on the drawings
2 In vans, cars, carriages and other vehicles the braking mechanism of the disc or
drums A, rigidly connected to or made of one piece with the wheels of the vehicles,
the brake bands A' of which are contracted by means of two armed lever b³ attached
to the shaft B which litter is operated by means of the lever D, arm d¹, and the rod C
substantially as and for the purpose set forth and shown on the dr swings
In vans, cars, carriages and other vehicles the use of my improved devices for
releasing the springs from strain and braking the van or carriage or any mere
modification, substantially as set forth and shown on the drawings
Dated this Fourth day of June 1888
Dated this Fourth day of June 1888
day
E W SCHWINGER
Per WH Beck,
115, Cannon Street, London, EC,
Agent