Year: 1888

page_text: 1 BALLARD SMITH DUNN of the City County and State of New York U.S.A.
Clergyman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The object of my invention is to provide a new and improved apparatus for
thoroughly mixing or commingling illuminating or like gas with air in such a
manner that a permanent mixture is obtained, that can be burned in a suitable
burner and be used for heating purposes, for generating steam and for all purposes
for which solid, liquid or gaseous fuels are now used.
The invention consists in the combination with an exterior tube, of an interior
tube in the same and provided with an inlet tube and numerous outlet tips or
apertures, which inlet tube contains a gas injecting pipe.
The invention also consists in the construction and combination of parts and details as
will be fully described and set forth hereinafter and finally pointed out in the claims.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 is a front elevation of my improved gas and air commingler, half being
sbewn in vertical section and parts broken out.
Figure 2 is a side view of the apparatus parts being broken out, and others in
section.
Figure 3 is a detail cross sectional view of part of the interior vessel, shewing
one of the outlet apertures.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
On the base A the socket piece A' is secured, which is screw threaded internally
and into said socket piece the lower externally screw threaded end of a wrought
iron or steel tube B is screwed firmly and secured so as to form an absolutely
tight joint.
Upon the upper end of the tube B the cap piece C is screwed, in the top
of which one end of the pipe D is screwed which serves to conduct the mixture
of gas and air to the burner. Within the tube B I place another tube E of less
diameter, and which extends to within a short distance from the top and bottom of
the exterior tube B. The upper end of the interior tube E is closed and the lower
end is secured in a socket piece E through the closed bottom of which the inlet
pipe F, for the mixture of gas and air, projects.

page_text: In the walls of the inner tube E, a very great number of tips G are secured,
which project from the outer surface of said inner tube, or in place of said tips the
said inner tube may be provided with apertures I (see Fig. 3) formed with two
channels a which are inclined towards each other from the inside to the outside,
so that the two jets issuing from the channels must cross and interrupt each other.
On the outside of the exterior tube B, two cross bars H are secured at the top
and bottom respectively, the end of which cross bars are united by the vertical
bars H¹ as shown. On the upper bar H two gas pump cylinders J are secured, one
at or near each end, and on the lower cross bar H two air pump cylinders K are
secured, one at or near each end, all said cylinders standing vertically.
The gas cylinders J contain pistons from which the piston rods project through
stuffing boxes in the lower ends of the cylinders, the ends of said piston rods being
pivotted to connecting rods J the lower ends of which are pivoted adjustable to
levers L pivoted on upwardly projecting arms L' of the lower cross bar H. Said
levers L are provided with longitudinal slots through which the bolts project that
pivot the connecting rods to the levers, which bolts can be adjusted greater or less
distances from the swinging ends of the levers, according to the desired stroke of the
pump pistons.
The air pump cylinders K contain pistons, from which piston rods K¹ project
through stuffing boxes in tops of the cylinders, the upper ends of said piston rods
being pivoted to the lower ends of connecting rods K2, pivoted at their upper ends
to levers M, pivoted to arms M¹ projecting downwards from the upper cross bar H,
which levers M are also slotted longitudinally for adjustment of the connecting
rods as set forth above.
From the vertical bars H₁ the arms N project towards the front, and in said arms
the horizontal shaft O is journaled, on which the eccentric discs P, P', and R, R¹,
are rigidly mounted, said eccentric discs being surrounded by straps to which the
rods and SS' are secured, the rods Q Qbeing pivoted to the levers L, and the
rods S S¹ being pivoted to the levers M. The upper and lower ends of the gas pump
cylinders J are connected with the gas pipe T, by the pipes T1 and T2, said pipes T¹
and T having their proper valves.
The pipe Y serves for conducting the gas to the pumps. The upper and lower ends
of the air pump cylinders are connected by the pipes U₁ and U2 with the air pipe U,
said pipes U and U2 having suitable vaives.
The air is drawn into the air pump cylinders through the necks U³. The end of
the pipe U is connected with the pipe F which conducts the mixture of gas and air
into the inner tube E, as shewn in Figure 2.
The gas pipe T, for conducting the compressed gas, has less diameter than the
pipe U, and extends into the same, the end of that part of the pipe T within the
pipe U being a short distance below the bottom valves of the bottom or air pump
cylinders, and the end of said pipe T is tapered so as to form an injector nozzle
within the pipe U as shewn in Figure 2, through which the gas is forcibly ejected
into the centre of a column of compressed air.
On one end of the shaft O belt pulleys W W' may be mounted for the purpose of
driving the entire mechanism, by power, or the shaft O may carry a pinion engaging
with the cog wheel V on the shaft V₁, which shaft V₁ is to be rotated by the
unwinding of a rope or cable wound on a drum V3 on the shaft V₁, a suitable weight
being secured to the other end of the rope.
I have shewn two pumps, that is, one gas and one air pump at one side of the
standard the same number of pumps to be at the other side, but it is evident that
more may be provided.
The operation is as follows:-
The shaft O is rotated and from the same the levers H and L are rocked and
the pumps operated. At each stroke the air pumps compress a quantity of air and
force it into the pipe U, and in the same manner such gas pumps compress a
quantity of gas at each stroke and force it into the pipe T. The compressed gas
passes out of the tapered end of the pipe T and is forcibly injected into the

page_text: compressed air in the pipe U, whereby the compressed gas and air are mixed, this
mixture passing through the pipe F into the bottom of the inner tube E. As this
tube is closed at the top and as fresh quantities of the compressed mixture of gas
and air are being continuously forced into the said inner pipe E this mixture is
forcibly ejected through the tips G or corresponding apertures into the exterior
tube B and as the jets of gas and air mixture passing through the tips or apertures
strike the inner surface of the exterior tube they are forcibly torn asunder and
into the most minute particles, whereby a most perfect mixture of the gas and
air is obtained, a mixture which is absolutely permanent and can be burned in any
suitable gas burner.
The apparatus is very simple in construction as the exterior tube B in which the
complete mixing of the gas and air takes place; also serves as a support for the
entire mechanism.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
:-
First: In a gas and air commingler, the combination with an exterior vessel
provided with an outlet or burner pipe, of an interior vessel in the exterior vessel,
which interior vessel is provided with numerous outlet apertures or tips, an inlet
pipe connected with the interior vessel, and an injector tube in said inlet pipe,
substantially as herein shewn and described.
Second-In a gas and air commingler, the combination with an exterior vessel,
having an outlet or burner pipe, of an interior vessel in the exterior vessel, and
provided with numerous small outlet apertures or tips an inlet pipe connected with
the interior vessel, air forcing pumps connected with said inlet pipes, a gas
conducting pipe having a tapered end projecting into said inlet pipe and of gas
compressing pumps connected with the said gas conducting pipes, substantially as
shewn and described
Third-In a gas and air commingler the combination with an exterior tube, of
a tube in the same provided with numerous apertures, cross bars secured on the
exterior tube, the air and gas pumps and mechanism for operating the same,
supported by the cross bars, which pumps are connected with the mixing tubes
substantially as herein shewn and described.
Fourth In a gas and air commingler the combination with an exterior tube,
of a tube in the same provided with numerous outlet apertures, cross bars on the
exterior tube end bars connecting the ends of the cross bars, gas and air pumps on
the frame formed of cross and end bars, which pumps are connected with the mixing
tube, in the exterior tube, rocking levers on the frame and connected with the
pump piston rods, and eccentrics on a shaft on the frame for operating the rocking
levers substantially as herein shewn and described.
Fifth In a gas and air commingler, the combination with a vertical tube con-
taining a tube provided with numerous outlet apertures, of pumps and operating
mechanism, supported by said vertical tube, substantially as lierein shewn and
described.
T
1
301
1
1000
POPPLEWELL, COLTON & Co.,
17 & 18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.