NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY TO BE USED IN THE PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC PENS AND PENHOLDERS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Hinks and George Wells, of Birming-
ham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturers and Copartners,
and Frederick Dowler, of Birmingham aforesaid, Machinist, for
the Invention of "NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY TO BE USED IN THE
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Hinks, George
Wells, and Frederick Dowler at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 2nd September 1858.
We, JOHN HINKS and GEORGE WELLS, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Manufacturers and Copartners, and FREDERICK
DOWLER, of Birmingham aforesaid, Machinist, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY TO BE
USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC PENS AND PENHOLDERS" to be as
follows:-
Our Invention consists of a machine by which the dies or tools used
for bending the sheet metal of which the metallic part of penholders is
formed into a cylindrical shape, and the blanks of metal of which

page_text: metallic pens are formed into a semi-cylindrical shape are actuated by
cambs on a revolving shaft, instead of by hand presses, us is usually
practised. Our machine for making the metallic part of penholders
consists of a horizontal shaft having two cambs or excentrics which
actuate, through connecting rods, two dies, giving to the said dies a re-
ciprocating vertical motion. The acting surface of one of these dies
(herein-after called the first die) is semi-cylindrical and convex, that of
the other (herein-after called the second die) is nearly semi-cylindrical
and concave. These moveable dies close upon fixed dies on the bed of
the machine, the said fixed dies being semi-cylindrical and concave.
The blank of which the holder is to be formed is pressed by the first
die, and the fixed die underneath it into a U shape. It is then pushed
(by mechanism, which we do not consider it necessary here to describe,)
on the second fixed die; and-a cylindrical -mandril inserted in it; the
second moveable die descends and turns inwards the vertical sides of the
U shaped sheet of metal, thereby giving it a cylindrical figure. As the
moveable die retires the maudril slides from the fixed die, carrying the
holder upon it. As soon, however, as the holder is withdrawn from the
die its edge comes in contact with a fixed stop, whereby its further
motion is arrested while the mandril is withdrawn from it. The holder
falls, and the several operations are repeated on another blank. In
bending the blanks for pens the first pair of dies (that is to say, the first
moveable die and the fixed one underneath it) only are used. We also
actuate in the sanic manner the dies used to impress the .name, or
ornament or designs of any kind, upon the blanks of metallic pens and
holdous
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Hinks, George Wells, and Frederick Dowler
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 1st March 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we,
JOHN HINKS and GEORGE WELLS, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturers and Copartners, and FREDERICK DOWLER, of
Birmingham aforesaid, Machinist, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Second day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the seven-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself. Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said John Hinks, George Wells, and
Frederick Dowler, Her special licence that we, the said John Hinks,
George Wells, and Frederick Dowler, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said John Hinks, George Wells,
and Frederick Dowler, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY TO BE USED IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC PENS AND PENHOLDERS," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that we, the said John Hinks, George Wells,
and Frederick Dowler, by an instrument in writing under our hands
and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Hinks, George Wells, and
Frederick Dowler, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof
(that is to say):
Our Invention consists of new or improved machinery by which the
dies or tools used for bending the sheet metal of which the metallic
part of penholders is formed into a cylindrical shape, and the blanks of
metal of which metallic pens are formed into a semi-cylindrical shape
are actuated by cambs on a revolving shaft, instead of by hand presses,
as is usually practised. Our said new or improved machinery is also
applicable to the manufacture of such pens as are furnished with
a cylindrical part, into which a wooden stick or handle is inserted, that

page_text: is to say, that kind of pen usually called "magnum bonum" or barrel
pens. Figure 1, represents in front elevation, Figure 2, in side ele-
vation, and Figure 3, in plan our new or improved machinery;
Figure 4, represents in plan a portion of the same on a large
scale; and Figure 5, represents a vertical section of the working dies,
the said section being taken through the line a, Figure 2. The
machine represented in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, is constructed to
manufacture inagnum bonum "pens, and illustrates the method of
making both pens and the metallic part of penholders according to our
Invention. b, c, d, e, are the dies or tools by which the blank is
fashioned, the dies b, c, being moveable and actuated in the manner
herein-after explained, and the dies d, e, being fixed on the bed of the
machine; the faces or acting surfaces of the dies b, d, e, are semi-cylin-
drical and concave, and the acting surface of the dic c, is semi-cylindri-
cal and convex. f, is the feeder of the machine, which said feeder
consists essentially of the two plates g, h, connected together in the
manner represented, and having a sliding reciprocating motion on the
bed of the machine. i, is a fixed plate situated between the moveable
plates g, h; when the said plates g, h, have been made to retire until the
end of the plate, has receded to the middle or thereabouts of the
plate i, the plate h, will have very nearly, but not quite, retired from
off the dice, and the machine is ready to be fed, the plates g, h, being
in the positions last lescribed. A blank is placed on the plate i, imme-
diately in advance of the tongued end of the plate g, the feeder being
urged into the position represented in Figure 5; the blank placed on
the plate is pushed off the said plate by the tongued end of the
plate g, on to the face of the die e. A blank thus placed on the die e
is represented at ; the feeder retires until the plate h, has ucarly
passed off the die e, when the moveable dic c, descends, and forcing the
blank, into the lower die e, communicates to the said blank a semi-
cylindrical or nearly semi-cylindrical figure. The die c, next rises, and
the feeder again advancing, the end of the plate h, pushes the blank k,
(which by the action last described has been forced into that part of the
die e, in which the plate h, slides) forward on to the die d. 1, is
a cylindrical rod, having a reciprocating motion, as herein-after de-

page_text: scribed, by which said motion it is made to occupy the position
represented in Figure 5, and retire from off the die d, alternately.
When the partially formed blank has been pushed on to the die d, as
represented by, the said rod 1, is situated within the partially formed
blank, constituting as it were a cylindrical core or mandril in the said
blank; the die b, descends, and closing the vertical sides of the blank k',
around the said rod 1, completes the cylindrical form of the said blank;
the said rod, now retires, carrying on it the partially formed pen or
holder. m, is a fixed stop on the bed of the machine, which said stop
bears against the rod l, and as the said rod 1, retires the said stop m,
catches the edge of the cylindrical pen or penholder on the rod I, and
arresting its motion (while the said rod 4, is withdrawn from it) removes
the said pen or penholder from the said rod, and the said pen or pen-
holder falls through the hole », in the bed of the machine into a recep-
tacle placed there to receive it. The motion of the feeder which pushes
oue blank from the first pair of dies to the second carries another blank
from the plate, to the first pair of dies. The motions herein-before
described of the several parts are effected as follows:-o, is the main
shaft of the machine, having a fly wheel p, driving pulley 4, and clutch
box 1.
8, t, are levers, having motion in a horizontal plane, and
actuated by the box cambs u, v, on the driving shaft; the said levers s, t,
turn upon vertical axes s', t, on the bed of the machine; the said levers
s, t, actuate the feeder f, and sliding rod or mandril 1, respectively.
w, a, are two lovers moving in vertical planes, and turning upon the
common axis w; the said levers are actuated by cambs y, z, on the
driving shaft, and actuate respectively the upper moveable dies c, b; the
form of the cambs y, z, is seen in Figure 2, by which said Figure it
will be seen that on each revolution of the driving shaft the die c, is
made to descend once, and the die b, twice, owing to the different forms
of the said cambs; the double descent of the said dic b, is for the
purpose of of more effectually closing the blank upon the rod or man-
dril 7; the return motion of the levers u, a, is effected by the helical
springs 1.2. When we wish to make such pens as have nearly a semi-
cylindrical figure, and are inserted in a holder when used, we employ a
machine consisting of the dies c, e, and feeder f, with the necessary

page_text: appendages for working the same, as described, that is to say, there
being no cylindrical part to the said pen, the dies b, d, and rod or
niandril 7, and the appendages thereto, are not required. The machine,
as represented in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, is fitted to manufacture
pens having a cylindrical barrel, as well as the barrel or cylindrical
parts of metallic penholders. Figure 6, represents in side elevation,
and Figure 7, represents in plan, and Figure 8, represents in front
elevation a modification of our machinery, by which an inscription or
ornament or device may be impressed on the pen or holder, in addition
to forming the said pen or holder. Figure 9, represents in plan a por-
tion of the same. 3, 3', represents the feeding apparatus, the said feeding
apparatus consisting of two plates or tongues having a reciprocating
motion on the fixed plate 4. The blanks placed on the fixed plate 4, are
pushed by the tongue 3, on to the die 5, on which is engraved the inscrip-
tion or device to be impressed on the pen or holder. The descent of a
die 6, upon the said blank impresses the inscription or device thereon;
the said blank is next pushed from off the die 5, on to the carrier 7, by
means of a sliding plate similar to the tongue 8, and working under the
fixed plate 4. When the pen has assumed the position represented at
8, the carrier 7, moves until the said blank assumes the position indi-
cated in dotted lines at 9, when the tongue or plate 8', pushes it on to
the die 10, where by the descent of a suitably formed dic it is pressed
into a concave form. The sliding plates or tongues 3, and 3', are
actuated by the lever 11, and camb 12, and the sliding plate working
under the fixed plate 4, is actuated by the lever 18, and camb 14, and
the carrier is actuated by a camb 15, acting on the cranked rod 16,
connected with the said carrier. Each motion of the lever 11, moves
a blank from the fixed plate 4, on to the engraved die 5, and also one
from the carrier 7, to the die 10. If the pen to be impressed have a
barrel or cylindrical part, or if it be wished to impress penholders with
inscriptions or devices, then, in addition to the dies and appendages
described with reference to Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9, the dies b, d, of
Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, and the appendages to the said dies, must be
used.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and the

page_text: manner of carrying the same into effect, we wish it to be understood
that we do not limit ourselves to the precise methods herein described
and represented, as the same may be varied without departing from the
nature of our said Invention; but we claim as our Invention the cou-
struction of machines for giving a semi-cylindrical figure, or a figure
partially cylindrical and partially semi-cylindrical, to metallic pens, and
giving a cylindrical figure to the metallic part of penholders, and im-
pressing inscriptions and devices upon metallic pens and the metallic
parts of penholders by means of dies actuated by levers, the said levers
being actuated by cambs, as herein described and represented by the
accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Hinks and George Wells,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-seventh day
of February, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hun-
dred and fifty-four.
Witness,
GROE SHAW.
JOHN HINKS.
GEORGE WELLS. (L.S.)