Improvements relating to Safes, particularly applicable for Storing Edibles in Hot Weather.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of App ication, 2nd July, 1895
¨ Complete Specification Left, 2nd Apr., 1896-Accepted, 27th June, 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Safes, particularly applicable for Storing
Edibles in Hot Weather.
I WILLIAM OLIVER of 69 York Road Lambeth in the County of Surrey,
Greengrocer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in safes particularly applicable to the
storing of edibles in hot weather, and has for its object to provide safes with simple
mechanism whereby they can be converted into refrigerators at will, so as to keep
the contents fresh in hot weather, or to freeze if desired.
According to this invention to a suitable spring or weight mechanism I connect
an air compressing pump, so that the said pump may be worked by such mechanism.
The said pump I connect to a chamber, in which the air is compressed, and to this
chamber I connect an outlet pipe leading into the safe: and I provide a valve to
the aforesaid chamber, which shall open when the air is compressed to the desired
pressure, at which time the air will be admitted to the safe, and on expanding
therein will produce intense cold. I provide suitable means to the safe to allow of
the current of cold air passing through same, and this will continue as long as the
spring or weight aforesaid is kept wound up.
This invention will be found particularly applicable for keeping meat, fish,
poultry and the like, in hot weather, as no ice will be required, as is the case
with ordinary refrigerators; and by simple mechanism the safe can be turned
into a refrigerator, when required, without loss of space, and at very short
notice.
D
D
י
BROWNE & Co.,
9 Warwick Court, Gray's Inn, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements relating to Safes, particularly applicable for Storing
Edibles in Hot Weather.
1, WILLIAM OLIVER, of 69 York Road, Lambeth, in the County of Surrey,
Greengrocer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what mauner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to safes which can be used as refrigerators for the purpose
of keeping their contents fresh in hot weather. It consists in applying to such
safes an air compressing pump or pumps which are operated by a suitable spring or
weight mechanism in such manner that the air being compressed by such pumps
into a chamber is therein cooled by a water jacket and allowed to escape thence
into the safe through a valve and expanding in escaping, the temperature of the
ir entering the safe is reduced to such a degree as is necessary to secure efficient
refrigeration.

page_text: In order that my invention may be fully understood and ascertained I append
drawings in which :—
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an apparatus according to my invention.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the water tank, shewing the mechanism in
elevation.
Fig. 3 is a transverse section, and
Fig. 4 is a plan of the same.
A designates the refrigerating safe the interior of which is to be supplied with
cold air, and B indicates a frame either attached or placed in close proximity to
the refrigerator, for the purpose of supporting and holding the whole of the
bearings in which the spindles of the mechanism necessary for the production of a
sufficient supply of cold air run. The air compressing pumps C (one or more may
be employed) are fixed in the top of a water tank c, and the lower end of the same
tank contains the worm, or other shaped chamber D through which the compressed air
passes on its way to expand into the refrigerator.. The supply of air is drawn in
through a pipe d, and a filter may be attached to the opening of this, for the
purpose of purifying the air as it enters. The air is discharged from the
pump
into the chamber D and passes out of the same through a pipe d¹ to the refrigerator.
A valve which may be adjusted to any pressure is in general placed at the point
where the air enters the refrigerator.
C.
The plungers of the pump are actuated by eccentrics and bands E, the latter
being connected to the plungers by rods e, and a weight F is suspended in such
manner as to operate the pumps by means of intermediate gearing as follows:-
The weight F may be attached to the winding barrel with sheaves in the manner
shewn in Fig. 1, but is preferably attached directly to it as shewn in Figs. 2, 3,
and 4. In either case the cord f¹ is wound upon the winding barrel f, and the
weight F in its descent pulls the .cord and rotates the barrel thus operating the
whole train of mechanism and causing the pumps to supply sufficient air to
the refrigerator. The winding barrel fis not fixed rigidly to the first spindle G,
but is mounted so as to rotate freely upon the same in one direction without moving
the spindle. The winding barrel has a ratchet wheel f2 fixed to one end of it, and
the toothed wheel g (which is mounted to rotate freely upon the spindle G) has
pivoted upon it a catch g¹ which is normally held in engagement with one of the
teeth of the ratchet wheel f2 by means of a spring 92. By this means when the
barrel is rotated by the weight and cord, the wheel g is forced to rotate with it,
but when the barrel is turned by hand in the opposite direction for the purpose
of winding up the weight, the catch g' slips over the teeth of the ratchet wheel f
and allows the winding barrel f to be rotated without the wheel 9.
Rotating in bearings fixed to the frame B is a second spindle H which is
arranged parallel to the first spindle G. A pinion his formed integrally with a
wheel i and the two are mounted so as to rotate freely together upon the spindle H,
the teeth of the wheel g engaging with the teeth of the pinion h. A pinion k is formed
integrally with a wheel l, and the two are mounted so as to rotate freely together
upon the spindle G, the teeth of the wheel i engaging with the teeth of the pinion k.
The teeth of the wheel engage with the teeth of a pinion m, which is fixed rigidly
to and rotates with the shaft й.
By this arrangement of gearing it will be seen that when the winding barrel fis
pulled round by the cord, the catch g¹ engages with and is pushed round by one
tooth of the ratchet wheelf. The wheel g is forced round by the catch and
moves the pinion and its integrally formed wheel i which in its turn forces round
the pinion and its integrally formed wheel l. This latter rotates the pinion m
and its shaft H upon which are fixed the eccentrics E by means of which the
pump rods e and plungers c¹ are operated. The proportions which the pinions h, k,
and m, bear to the wheels g, i, and 4, are such that a single revolution of the
shaft G causes a great number of revolutions of the shaft H, and consequently the
descent of the weight F a few feet may cause the pumps to be actuated during
several hours.

page_text: In order to secure a regular and desired speed, I apply an escapement of any
suitable description to the end of the spindle H, which enables the movement to
be governed by the vibration of a pendulum K.
In general I so arrange the escapement mechanism that each complete vibration
of the pendulum is accompanied by a working stroke of a pump plunger i.e. the
stroke in which the work is done in forcing the air into the refrigerator; and by
such arrangement I ensure that the weight shall descend only at intervals, a pause
taking place at the end of every stroke of the pump or pumps; during this
pause the weight does not descend being temporarily retained by the escapement.
By this arrangement I ensure that each stroke of a pump shall take place as
a jerking action, thus assisting in overcoming the resistance of the air under
pressure.
It will be seen that by the use of my apparatus a continuous supply of cold air
may be carried into a refrigerator during any required period without other
attention than winding up the weight at suitable intervals; and in order that this
may be done by a handle disposed at a suitable height, I in some cases connect the
winding barrel by a chain M running over sprocket wheels with a lower spindle m
which has a cranked handle m¹. By turning this the winding barrel may be
rotated by hand so as to wind up the weight F.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is;-
1. The combined refrigerator and apparatus for supplying the same with air
substantially as shewn and described.
2. The combined refrigerator and apparatus for supplying the same with air
consisting substantially of a safe or refrigerator, air pumps actuated by means of a
weight or weights which operate a train of mechanism and a cooling chamber into
which air is compressed by the pumps, and from which it expands into the
refrigerator, substantially as shewn and described.
3. An apparatus for supplying air to a refrigerator or safe, consisting of a pump
or pumps driven by a weight or weights, by means of a chain of mechanism which
is governed by a pendulum or equivalent spring escapement substantially as shewn
and described.
4. An apparatus for supplying air to a refrigerator or safe, consisting of a pump
or pumps driven by a weight or weights by means of a train of mechanism, which
is governed by a pendulum escapement in such manner that each vibration of the
pendulum is accompanied by a working stroke of the pump plunger, substantially
as described.
5. An apparatus for supplying air to a refrigerator or safe consisting of a pump
or pumps driven by a weight or weights, by means of a train of mechanism which
is governed by a pendulum escapement, and means for winding up the weights,
substantially as described and shewn.
Dated this 2nd day of April 1896
WILLIAM OLIVER.