IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS AND OTHER IMPLEMENTS USED FOR CULTIVATING LAND
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Paul Kotzó at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 30th July 1880.
PAUL KOTZÓ, of No. 8, Uellöerstrasse, Buda-Pesth, in the Kingdom of Hungary,
Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS AND OTHER IMPLEMENTS USED
FOR CULTIVATING LAND."
This Invention has for its object improvements in ploughs and other implements
used for cultivating land.
The improvements, which are applicable to one, two, or more furrow ploughs, are
shewn in the Drawing, Figures 1 and 2, as applied to a three furrow plough.
From these Drawings it may be seen that the plough rests when not at work, as
well as during ploughing, on two wheels, one of which is the land wheel, the other
the furrow-wheel, and these wheels are so arranged that the plough is nearly in
equilibrium upon them (see Figure 2, line X, Y, passes near the centre of gravity of
the whole).
By means of the mechanism worked by the lever e, which may be adjusted at
pleasure, the axle of the furrow-wheel may be set higher or lower independently of
the position of the land wheel, as may be required on starting the first furrow and
afterwards.
By means of the lever d, which can be set fast at pleasure in a slotted segment, the
land wheel itself may be adjusted, and as the lever d is also connected with the
quadrant f, the furrow-wheel is adjusted at the same time.
By means of the common adjustment of the two wheels the depth of ploughing
may be easily regulated at will, and the plough may be lifted quite out of the
ground.
The lifting apparatus may be modified by using an arrangement of gearing
instead of a connecting rod to transfer the motion. Another modification would be
the substitution for the connecting rod of a chain attached to quadrants on the
axes of the two levers.
In the Drawing the ploughs are shewn lifted and out of work.
The draw-bar is, as shown at Figure 2, so arranged that the plough can be
properly steered through the medium of the horses or other cattle.
The axles of the wheels may be either cranked spindles, straight axles with
cranks keyed, screwed or pressed on, or crank discs may be used.

page_text: The framework, as shewn, is of iron, but it may be wholly or partly of wood and
of other shape.
In the Drawing there are two ploughs shewn without slades, and only the last
plough is shewn with a slade. Of course all may be provided with slades or
slade-wheels, or the last plough only may be provided with slade wheel instead of
slade, or there may be instead of this an extra wheel or a coulter on the frame.
The mechanism above described may be applied to a single plough, or 2, 3, 4,
and more ploughs for various methods of cultivation, as also for harrows, seed
coulters, subsoil ploughs, and cultivators.
By means of a hook a of steel, iron, wood, or other material, which is connected
with the lever d and raised and lowered automatically, the plough is prevented
from turning over when out of work or turning round; the hook a may also act as a
skid in going down hill.
By making the plough handle b so that it can be turned downwards, as shown by
dotted lines at Figure 1, it may be used as a skid to steady the plough in travelling
on the road.
By making the land wheel axle, or rather the piece c connecting it to the plough,
capable of pivotting on an axis which is vertical when the ploughs are out of the
ground, the land wheel can adapt itself to the movement of the plough when
turning to the right, whereby the plough can be more easily turned.