Improvements in Comb Outting Machines.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Comb Outting Machines.
I, JAMES BISSET, Junior, of 84, Gerrard Street, in the City of Aberdeen,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows
This invention relates to machines for outting the teeth in combs for the hair,
and it has for its object to provide means for cutting the large or end teeth,
whilst at the same time rounding or otherwise shaping or ornamenting the
ends of the backs or quills of the combs
In comb cutting as hitherto practised two combs are cut out of a single piece
of horn or other material by the cutters of a twin cutting machine by means
of which the teeth of one comb are formed from the material cut from between
the teeth of the second comb, whilst in a subsequent operation known as point-
ing or grinding the rounding, shaping or ornamenting of the ends of the back
or quill of the comb is accomplished by means of a separate cutter or cutters,
and by ginding.
According to my invention the cutting of the large teeth at each end of the
combs and the rounding or ornamenting of the ends of the quills or backs of
both combs are effected at a single operation in a twin cutting machine by
means of a cutter of special form or construction which may be made from a
solid piece of steel or made in sections and suitably fitted and secured together
to cut the teeth and impart the desired contour to the ends of the combs. This
cutter is placed in a gab or holder provided in the twin cutting machine, and
one stroke of the cutter cuts or forms each complete end tooth and cuts the
ends of the backs or quills of the combs to the desired shape at the same time
as the ordinary teeth of the combs are cut and either automatically or by hand.
By the means described the use of the appliance known as a chipper is dis-
pensed with, as well as the services of the operator who attends to it, and sub-
sequent grinding or fashioning is also avoided, whilst the combs are more
rapidly and perfectly produced.

page_text: the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement
This invention relates to machines for cutting the teeth in combs for the hair,
and it has for its object to provide means for cutting the large or end teeth,
whilst at the same time rounding or otherwise shaping or oinamenting the
ends of the backs or quills of the combs.
In comb cutting as hitherto practised two combs are cut out of a single piece
of horn or other material by the cutters of a twin cutting machine by means
of which the teeth of one comb are formed from the material cut from between
the teeth of the second comb, whilst in a subsequent operation known as point-
ing or grinding the rounding, shaping or ornamenting of the ends of the back
or quill of the comb is accomplished in a separate machine by means of a separate
cutter or cutters, and by grinding.
"
The invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 being an
elevation, Fig 2 a vertical cross section, and Fig. 3 a plan of a twin cutting
machine to which my improvements have been applied Fig. 4 is an elevation
and Fig. 5 a plan of the improved cutter employed in addition to the cutters
ordinarily used in a twin cutting machine. Fig 6 is a view of part of a comb
produced in my improved machine under the combined action of the ordinary
twin cutters and the improved cutters, and Fig. 7 18 a view of a comb produced
in an ordinary twin cutting machine by means of the ordinary_twin cutters.
According to my invention the cutting of the large teeth (Fig 6) at each
end of the combs, and which is ordinarily performed in a separate machine,
(the operation being known as clipping"), and the rounding or ornamenting
of the ends of the quills or backs of both combs are effected at a single opera-
tion in a twin cutting machine by means of a cutter A of special form oi con-
struction and consisting of two distinct blades inclined towards each other, the
inner edge of the outer blade bearing upon the back of the inner blade at one
point, as shewn at Figs 4 and 5. The blades may be made from a solid piece
of steel or made in sections and suitably fitted and secured together, as shown
at Figs. 4 and 5, to cut the teeth and impart the desired contour to the ends of
the combs This cutter A is placed in a gab or holder B provided in the twin
cutting machine, shewn at Figs 1 and 2, and hereinafter described, and one
stroke of the cutter cuts or forms each complete end tooth and cuts the ends
of the backs or quills of the combs to the desired shape at the same time as
the ordinary teeth of the combs are cut and either automatically or by hand.
The twin-cutting machine consists, as shewn at Figs. 1, 2 and 3, of a frame
or stand X on which are pivoted two cutter canlying arms D in the gabs B of
which the ordinary cutters H are placed side by side with the improved cutters
A for forming the large teeth of the comb The cutter carrying arms are
actuated by cranks above them with ordinary connecting links C, so that the
aims D, when the machine 18 in motion, descend on the bed E alternately,
causing the cutters fixed in them to cut through the piece of hoin F fixed on
the bed E The cutter carrying arms D and the bed E may have provision
made on them for operating on more than one piece of horn at the same time.
each piece of horn producing a pair of combs
At the commencement of the operation of cutting the teeth in the comb or
combs, the bed E with the piece of horn F fixed on it 18 brought to the posi-
tion shewn at Figs 2 and 3, ie, under the cutter A, and on one of the cutter
carrving aims D descending, the cutter A is caused to pierce the horn, thus
forming the first end teeth. This arm D is then raised clear of the piece of
horn by the overhead mechanism, and the bed E shifted by the attendant by
means of handle G, shewn particularly at Fig. 3, so that the piece of horn
having first end tooth cut in it, is brought under the cutters H in the arms D,
which cutters form the ordinary teeth of the comb The bed E on which the
piece of horn F 18 fixed is fed along the desired length, by means of the rack I

page_text: and pinion J actuated by a spindle and ratchet wheel with suitable pawls pro-
vided on the twin-cutting machine, but not shewn on the drawings When the
ordinary teeth are all cut, the bed E 18 returned to its former position, in the
same manuer, by the attendant, thus binging the piece of hoin under the end
tooth cutter A in the other arm D, which, on descending, pierces the piece of
horn F and forms the second end tooth, in the same manner as the first end
tooth was formed The piece of horn F is then removed, and ieplaced by another
piece or pieces, according to the number of combs the machine is made to cut
at one operation.
By the means descubed the use of the appliance known as a clipper is dis-
pensed with, as well as the services of the operator who attends to it, and sub-
sequent grinding or fashioning 18 also avoided, whilst the combs are more
rapidly and perfectly produced.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my sand
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim 18:-
1 A cutter constructed substantially as described, to cut the end teeth of
combs and to round or otherwise ornament the quills of said combs
2 In a twin cutting machine for making combs, the combination with the
ordinary cutters, of special cutters for forming the end teeth and rounding or
ornamenting the quills of the combs, said special cutters being cared by the
usual pivoted cutting arms and acting substantially as described.
Dated the 30th day of incil 1000
WALLACE FAIRWEATHER,
Of the Firm of Cruikshank & Fairweather,
Chartered Patent Agents,
62, Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agent for the Applicant