IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE UTILIZATION OR APPLICATION OF CENTRIFUGAL FORCE FOR THE EXPULSION AFTER TREATMENT OF MATTERS OF ANY KIND SUBMITTED TO THE ACTION OF HYDRO-EXTRACTORS, WHEREBY THE CONTINUOUS WORKING OF THESE MACHINES IS FACILITATED
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Albert Duruflé, of Caudebec-lès-Elbeuf, in the Department
."
of the Seine Inférieure, and Republic of France, for the Invention of IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE UTILIZATION OR APPLICATION OF CENTRIFUGAL FORCE FOR
THE EXPULSION AFTER TREATMENT OF MATTERS OF ANY KIND SUBMITTED TO
THE ACTION OF HYDRO-EXTRACTORS, WHEREBY THE CONTINUOUS WORKING OF
THESE MACHINES IS FACILITATED."
Sealed the 2nd November 1877, and dated the 10th May 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Albert Duruflé at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th May 1877.
ALBERT DURUFLÉ, of Caudebec-lès-Elbeuf, in the Department of the Seine
Inférieure, and Republic of France. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE UTILIZATION OR
APPLICATION OF CENTRIFUGAL FORCE FOR THE EXPULSION AFTER TREATMENT OF
MATTERS OF ANY KIND SUBMITTED TO THE ACTION OF HYDRO-EXTRACTORS, WHEREBY
THE CONTINUOUS WORKING OF THESE MACHINES IS FACILITATED."
In order to obtain continuous working with the machines termed hydro-
extractors, and other machines for drying matters of any kind, and principally
textile materials, and consequently in order to do away with the stoppages hitherto
necessary to effect the charging or feeding and discharging 'of their contents, I
propose to replace the cage or perforated case receiving the matter to be treated;
which cage has perpendicular sides, by a cage or case also perforated, but of a parti-
cular shape, approaching more or less that of a truncated cone, and the inclination
of the sides such that the rotary motion given to this cage or perforated case
permits a continuous displacement of the matter or material under treatment as
fast as fresh parts are introduced into the cage or case.
:
1
• One of the arrangements which may be used for this purpose is shown in section
through its axis at Figure 1 of the accompanying Sheet of Drawing.
.
The matter or material to be exposed for drying is introduced or thrown by 'any
means, and in small pieces or quantities, to the bottom of this cage, and as much
as possible towards the point C. This matter is, by the centrifugal force, pushed
against the sides P, against which it slides and fixes or settles itself at A..
Fresh parts or handfuls of the matter or material to be treated being thrown

page_text: into the cage or case, they successively place themselves the one above the other, so that
there is soon formed a layer M upon the inner surface of the cage or perforated case;
but at a given moment this layer M, pressing against the first parts of the material
under treatment which have reached A, these latter yield to this pressure, and are
driven out of the cage or perforated case in the direction of the arrows, and if the
feeding is continued uninterruptedly the issue or discharge of the matter or material
will also continuously take place at the top. V, vertical shaft of one piece with the
cage or perforated case, and by which the rotary motion is given to it.
To co-operate in the continuity of the movement by aiding the pressure deter-
mined by the lower layer to facilitate the expulsion of the upper layer, which is
then deprived of the portion of liquid which it was desired to extract, I have
placed at a short distance from the upper inner part of the cage or perforated case
a fixed but flexible piece, a sort of finger D (Fig. 2), the effect of which is to dis-
aggregate and detach each part of the matter or material as it approaches this
finger D.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Albert Duruflé in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th November
1877.
ALBERT DURUFLÉ, of Caudebec-lès-Elbeuf, in the Department of the Seine
Inférieure, and Republic of France. " IMPROVEMENTS IN THE UTILIZATION OR
APPLICATION OF CENTRIFUGAL FORCE FOR THE EXPULSION AFTER TREATMENT OF
MATTERS OF ANY KIND SUBMITTED TO THE ACTION OF HYDRO-EXTRACTORS, WHEREBY
THE CONTINUOUS WORKING OF THESE MACHINES IS FACILITATED."
In order to obtain continuous working with the machines termed hydro-
extractors, and other machines for drying matters of any kind, and principally
textile materials, and consequently in order to do away with the stoppages hitherto
necessary to effect the charging and discharging of their contents, I replace the
cage or perforated case receiving the matter to be treated, which case has perpendi-
cular sides, by a cage or case also perforated, but of a particular shape, approaching,
more or less that of a truncated cone, and the inclination of the sides of which
such that the rotary motion given to this cage or perforated case permits a con-
tinuous displacement of the matter or material under treatment as fast as fresh
parts are introduced into the cage or case.
One of the arrangements which may be used for this purpose is shown in section
through its axis at Figure 1 (Sheet 1) of the accompanying 2 Sheets of Drawing,
and Figure 3 (Sheet 2) shows same applied to a hydro-extractor.
The matter or material to be exposed for drying is introduced or thrown by any
means, and in small pieces or quantities, to the bottom of this cage, and as much
as possible towards the point C. This matter is, by the centrifugal force, pushed
against the sides P, against which it slides, and fixes or settles itself at A.
Fresh parts or handfuls of the matter or material to be treated being thrown
into the cage or case, they successively place themselves the one above the other, so
that there is soon formed a layer M upon the inner surface of the cage or perforated
case; but at a given moment this layer M, pressing against the first parts of the
material under treatment which have reached A, these latter yield to this pressure,
and are driven out of the cage or perforated case in the direction of the arrows (see
Fig. 3); and if the feeding is continued uninterruptedly the issue or discharge of
the matter or material will also continuously take place at the top. V, vertical
shafts of one piece with the cage or perforated case, and by which the rotary motion
is given to it.
To co-operate in the continuity of the movement by aiding the pressure deter-
mined by the lower layers to facilitate the expulsion of the upper layer, which is

page_text: then deprived of the portion of liquid which it was desired to extract, I have
placed at a short distance from the upper inner part of the cage or perforated case a
fixed but flexible piece, a sort of finger D (Figure 2), the effect of which is to dis-
aggregate and detach each part of the matter or material as it approaches this
finger D.
Nevertheless, I attach only secondary importance to this piece, which might be
suppressed and replaced by another arrangement. This applies also to the lines
representing in section the cage or perforated case, shown upon the accompanying
Drawings, as the form of this cage or case might also be slightly different; but, by
reason of the widening of its sides and under the rotary action, it would, neverthe-
less, cause a displacement of the material submitted to it, and yet, by always keeping
a conical form, obtain a continuous working.
Neither do I attach any importance to the dimensions of the apparatus, to the
means by which it is driven, to the position of its axle, nor to the method of
charging it, as hydro-extractors giving a like result may be larger or smaller, driven
directly by hand or belt from above or below, or by cones, toothed wheels, or
friction gearing, their axles being vertical, horizontal, or otherwise, and the feeding
may take place in a variety of ways into simple, double, inverted, or otherwise
arranged cages, but only to what is set forth in the preceding paragraphs.
Although my system is based upon the utilization or application of centrifugal
force, that is to say, upon a known means, I believe myself to be the first to
provide an apparatus giving this new manufacturing result, which result has
long been desired in various manufactures, and particularly in that of textile
materials.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is or may be performed, I claim as of the Invention secured
to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, any apparatus or receiver
based upon the principle above set forth, and constructed with the object of
obtaining a continuous working with hydro-extractors, substantially as herein-before
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Albert Duruflé, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Thirty-first day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
ALBERT DURUFLE. (L.S.)