Improvements in Machinery for Making Paper Bags.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Apr., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 6th Jan., 1899-Accepted, 15th Mar., 18YN
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Making Paper Bags.
We, CHARLES MIDDLETON, of Chapel Allerton, Leeds, Yorkshire, Engineer, and
JAMES THOMAS SHORT, of 45 Glover Street, Camp Road, Leeds, Yorkshire, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to making the well known class of bag with a square bottom,
which is made in great quantities by hand labour, and in some cases-though
indifferently-by machinery.
The object of our invention is to produce a number of pieces of mechanism, and so
arrange them, that they shall form a complete machine, such as will, with the aid of
our specially designed "forming-block," make these bags in and after a manner
practically similar to, and equally as good as, those made by hand.
The shape, in cross-section, of our " forming-block" (afterwards called the block)
may be described by saying, that it is a parallelogram whose corners have been beveled
off to angles of 45° until, these two slanting sides meeting, right angled corners are
formed. Suppose these four slanting sides to measure one inch each, and the two
(remaining) parallel sides to measure two inches each, then the total girth will be
eight inches such as will be necessary for a bag with a bottom two inches square.
The thickness of the above block will require to be twice the sine of an angle of 45°
whose radius is one inch-viz. 1.4142 inches ;-and the extreme breadth of the block
from apex to apex of the angled sides, will be twice the aforesaid sine plus the two
inch flat-viz. 3.4142 inches.
An approximation to the above figure may be got by rounding off the sides and
making the section more of an oval, but we prefer the exact mathematical form
described, as the folds and creases are given more correctly by it.
That end of the block which is used for forming the bottom of the bag is angled
like the two sides, except that the angling is inwards, instead of outwards;-the
result being that, viewed sideways, the two parallel flat sides project forward and
form an open-mouthed right-angled V between them.
"
We propose to mount a series of these blocks round a central axis,-after the
manner in which engineers mount tools round a
capstan rest on a lathe, and
then to impart an intermittent revolving motion thereto by causing projecting studs
fixed on a disc, to be engaged in the grooved path of a revolving spiral cam; which
path is arranged to dwell, and thus hold the blocks stationary, at the times desired.
Suppose eight such blocks to be used and revolved in an horizontal plane.
At the 1st position the paper is fed forward thro' horizontal rollers having an
intermittent motion, a weighted pawl being arranged to rest on the paper to prevent
its recoil. Here also one edge of the top side is pasted. A knife is arranged to cut
the paper into proportionate lengths so that the proper amount extends over the end
of the block. The detached portion finds itself under the flat side of the block where
it is clipped by an appliance which is afterwards locked and held tight by travelling
round and over a circular table.
At the 2nd position the paper is made to take a tubular form by fingers which rise
from below and wrap the paper round the block, the pasted side following the dry,
-after which a plate descends and presses and unites the tube firmly together. In
order to allow the full length of the tube to be properly formed and pressed an
addition is here temporarily added to the block by the mechanism in front.
At the 3rd position the block brings the tube opposite a roller (or other folding-in
block) specially shaped by having a projecting right-angled nose-to suit the V shaped
recess at the end the block. A movement of this roller accurately folds and presses
home one side of the bottom of the bag into the open-mouthed end of the block, and

page_text: certain fingers fold or flatten the still projecting tips. A movement produced by a
compound crank with connecting rods is here used.
At the 4th position a revolving pasting roller advances and pastes the inner edge of
the projecting end of the bag.
At the 5th position a movement similar to that at number three takes place except
that it approaches the other side of the bag & folds it in and then flattens its tips.
At the 6th position a revolving paste roller advances and pastes the inner sides of
the projecting tips.
At the 7th position certain advancing fingers-crab-claw like-fold inward and
afterwards press the tips forward into the V shaped mouth and the bag is
completed.
At the 8th movement the completed bag is opposite certain endless bands-moving
in the required direction--which, approaching from above and below draw the bag off
the block and flatten it in the correct creases already made and formed by the various
appliances.
Hot rollers may here be used for drying the bags as usual.
Bags thus made on our block have their various folds and creases laid out
with mathematical precision owing to their being determined by the angles of our
block.
By the aid of this block, which forms an essential part of our invention, many
varieties of motions might be arranged to form a complete machine; but we are of an
opinion that for rapid production a series of revolving blocks, used in sequence, after
a plan well known in many manufactures, will best answer the purpose.
It will of course be understood that when the machine is in full work the mechanism
in each position will be doing its share of the work, thus enabling eight bags to be
made at one revolution of the central axis.
Although we have described our block as being solid, yet a skeleton block, with
hinges such as would allow it to collapse, could be arranged, in case any special
arrangement of the other parts of the machine rendered it desirable.
Dated this 3rd day of April 1889.
WM. SNOWDON,
9, Beckott's Bank Chambers, Leeds, Yorks., Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Making Paper Bags.
We, CHARLES MIDDLETON, of Chapel Allerton, Leeds, Yorkshire, Engineer, and
JAMES THOMAS SHORT, of 45, Glover Street, Camp Road, Leeds, Yorkshire,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to making the well known class of bag with a square
bottom, which is made in great quantities by hand labour, and in some cases-
though indifferently-by. machinery.
The object of our invention is to produce a number of pieces of mechanism, and
so arrange them, that they shall form a complete machine such as will, with the aid
of our specially designed "forming block "make these bags in and after a manner
practically similar to, and equally as good as, those made by hand.
The shape, in cross-section, of our << forming block"
(afterwards called the block)
may be described by saying that it is a parallelagram whose corners have been
leveled off to angles of 45° until, these two slanting sides meeting, right angled
corners are formed. Suppose for the sake of example these four slanting sides to
measure one inch cach, and the two (remaining) parallel sides to measure two inches
each, then the total girth will be eight inches, such as will be necessary for a bag
with a bottom two inches square. The thickness of the above block will require to
he twice the sine of an angle of 45° whose radius is one inch-viz. 1-4142 inches;-

page_text: and the extreme breadth of the block from apex to apex of the angled sides, will
be twice the aforesaid sine plus the two inch flat-iz. 34142 inches.
An approximation to the above figure may be got by rounding off the sides and
making the section more of an oval, but we prefer the exact mathematical form
described, as the folds and creases are given more correctly by it.
That end of the block which is used for forming the bottom of the bag is angled
like the two sides, except that the angling is inwards instead of outwards-the
result being that, viewed sideways, the two parallel flat sides project forward and
form an open-mouthed right-angled V between them.
<
We propose to mount a series of these blocks round a central axis, after the
manner in which engineers mount tools round a capstan rest" on a lathe,-and
then to impart an intermittent revolving motion thereto by causing projecting studs,
fixed on a disc, to be engaged in the groved path of a revolving spiral cam ;
which path is arranged to dwell, and thus hold the blocks stationary at the times
desired.
Suppose eight such blocks to be used and revolved in an horizontal plane.
At the 1st position the paper is fed forward through horizontal rollers having an
intermittent motion,-a weighted pawl being arranged to rest on thic paper to prevent
its recoil. Here also one edge of the top side is passed. A knife is arranged to
cut the paper into proportionate lengths so that the proper amount extends over the
end of the block. The detached portion finds itself under the flat side of the block
where it is clipped by an appliance which is afterwards locked and held tight by
travelling a special pathway.
At the 2nd position the paper is made to take a tubular form by arms which rise
from below and wrap the paper round the block-the pasted side following the dry.
In order to allow the full length of the tube to be properly formed an addition is
here temporarily added to the block by the mechanism in front.
At the 3rd position the block brings the tube opposite a folding-in-block, specially
shaped by having a projecting right angled nose-to suit the V shaped recess at the
end of the block. A movement of this block, or roller, accurately folds and presses
home one side of the bottom of the bag into the open-mouthed end of the block, and
certain fingers fold or flatten the projecting tips.
At the 4th position a revolving pasting roller advances and pastes the inner edge
of the projecting end of the bag."
At the 5th position a movement similar to that at number three takes place except
that it approaches the other side of the bag and folds it in and then flattens its tips.
At the 6th position a revolving paste roller advances and pastes the inner sides of
the projecting tips.
At the 7th position certain advancing fingers, crab-claw like-fold inward
and afterwards press the tips forward into the V shaped mouth, and the bag is
completed.
At the 8th movement the completed bag is opposite certain endless bands-
moving in the required direction-which, approaching from above and below, draw
the bag off the block and flatten it in the correct creases already made and formed
by the various appliances. Hot rollers may here be used for drying the bags as
usual.
Bags thus made on our block have their various folds and creases laid out with
mathematical precision owing to their being determined by the angles of our block.
By the aid of this block, which forms an essential part of our invention, many
varieties of motions might be arranged to form a complete machine; but we are of
an opinion that for rapid production a series of revolving blocks,--used in
sequence, after a plan well known in many manufactures-will best answer the
purpose.
It will of course be understood that when the machine is in full work the
mechanism in each position will be doing its share of the work, thus enabling eight
bags to be made at one revolution of the central axis.
Although we have described our block as being solid, yet a skeleton block, with

page_text: hinges such as would allow it to collapse, could be arranged, in case any special
arrangement of the other parts of the machine rendered it desirable.
Referring to the seven sheets of drawings accompanying this specification it will
be well to note that the whole machine may be separated into nine principal divisions,
that is, one central capstan with eight pieces arranged round it; and each of these
are referred to under the roman numerals, whilst the details of each such division
have the ordinary numerals annexed to their letters of reference. The same letters
and numbers refer to the same parts in all the figures, and the arrows denote the
directions of moving parts.
Fig. 1 is a plan showing the general arrangement of such parts of the nine pieces
of mechanism as stand above the level of the table, here numbered I, II, III, IV, V,
VI, VII, VIII, and IX. Fig. 2 is a corresponding plan showing the mechanism
below the table used for driving and actuating the various divisions, whilst fig. 2A is
an isolated view of part of division IX. Fig. 3 is a side clevation through the
machine, more or less in section showing the paper entering at division I together
with a side view of division V, and portions of IX. Fig. 4 is a front elevation (at
right angles to fig. 3) partly in section, showing the front of the paper feeding rolls
at I, together with side views of divisions III & VII, with portions of IV & VI
behind. On sheet 5, figs. 5 & 6 are respectively side and end elevations of portions
of division II, and fig. 7 is a side elevation of portions of division VIII. On sheet
-drawn a larger scale-figs. 8 & 9 are respectively side and end views of our
'forming-block." Figs. 10 and 11 show respectively a plan and side view, partly
in section, of portions of division V (and for that matter of division 111, the only
difference being that the two are right and left handed). Fig. 12 gives a section
through division II, corresponding to fig. 6 with the wrapping arms closed. On
sheet 7-drawn on a larger scale figs. 13 & 14 are a side sectional elevation and a
plan of portions of division VII whilst fig. 15 is a plan of portions of division V
(and therefore III opposite handed).
A description of the modus operandi will best be understood if given side by side
with a description of the various parts, taken in the order of the divisions; first
however on sheet 2 will be found the shafting common to the whole machine. There
A and B are the fast and loose driving drums mounted on the shafting which runs
round the four sides of the machine. Division I has its paper feeding roller
revolved by the chain wheel A', whilst the cams B', B', acting through the rods C
raise it out of gear and so stop the feed at the desired intervals: D¹ is a cam which-
through the lever E' and the rod actuates the cutting knife by raising and
afterwards dropping it on the paper.
Division II has its central lifting rod A2
actuated by the cam B3 and the lever whilst the two side rods D and E² are
lifted by the double cam F2 acting through the levers G² & H2, this cam raises
the rod D2 a little in advance of E. Division III receives the vibrating motion it
requires through the lever A³ actuated by the cam B³. Division IV receives its
vibrating movement through the shaft A4, lever B & C, and cam D4, whilst a
revolving motion is passed forward by a cord working on the pulley E. Division V
receives its motion (the same as 111) through the lever A. Division VI with its
vibrating rod A and pulley E is a counterpart of division IV. Division VII
receives a simple vibrating motion through the rod A and the cam B'.
Division VIII receives its motion through the revolving shaft As. Division IX
with its overhead capstan is actuated by the shaft A on which is mounted a
spiral cam B which engages with eight studs 0° C &c., equidistantly arranged
on a suitable disc D° mounted on the central vertical shaft E. At one portion of
the cam (see fig. 24) the spiral curve F runs into a straight line G and thus
produces no movement on the particular stud 0° then engaged therein―as
in fig. 2 after which rest the spiral commences again as at H and thus discharges
the stud. As one stud is discharged the next is drawn into action as shown in
fig. 24. The resting or dwelling portion of the cam is arranged to suit the time
required for the several divisions of the mechanism to execute their work. If on
account of wear and tear, or the like, the stopping places of the studs are not

page_text: exact enough, a catch (not shown) can be caused to fall into taper indentations in the
plate D, so as to determine these stoppages exactly, the said catch being raised
automatically just before the cam commences its action again.
There is nothing calling for special notice in the various cams, levers, &c., used in
actuating the divisions I to VIII, in fact it does not matter how the movements for
the mechanism above the table are produced so long as they are passed forward in
the manner and at the times required. For instance the cams could be arranged to
hold the various pieces of mechanism out of action against springs and the duty of
the cams would then be (1) to permit them to move forward and (2) afterwards draw
them back in thus going into action there would be less chance of breakage if
anything went wrong. The action of the cams and their levers may require
adjustment after wear and tear has taken place and provisions for such should be
made. In laying out the curves of the various cams-which would in general have
to be as gradual as possible-it would be necessary to remember that of one
revolution of the shafting a certain portion say not loss than about, would be taken
up in moving the capstan round from one position to the other (after which it would
remain at rest until the next revolution again started it). As soon as the capstan
stopped, the cams would begin their advancing movements which might occupy, say,
another of the revolution of the main shaft, the other being devoted to with-
drawing them and getting all clear for the next movement of the capstan. In the
drawings the various pieces of mechanism from I to VIII are all shown drawn
back out of action, and the cams may be supposed to have reached the central
portion of their withdrawing period; at such a time the capstan would be in full
movement, but in fig. 2 it is wrongly shown at rest, the truer position of the cam B°
is shown at fig. 2 cams D & D also required moving backward a revolution to
throw them into the same position as the others.
The work done at division I is as follows:-As shown in fig. 3 the paper G is
drawn upwards between the rollers H' & J'and is thus passed forward under the
block then standing at K; when the correct length has been travelled forward the
cutting knife L falls and whilst doing so a spring finger M' rises and presses a
retaining clip No against the paper so as to firmly hold it against the lower side of
the block at K. is a wheel, revolving in a paste pot, against which a pasting belt
running over its own pulley P¹ and over the end of the roller H', works and carries
paste forward and deposites it along the edge of the paper on its upper side. This
belt receives its motion from the roller Hand is arranged to rotate the wheel O¹
either by simple contact (or otherwise) by its own motion so as to pass forward the
supply of paste as required. The intermittent motion requisite for the rollers for
passing the paper forward is got as follows:-a chain-belt Q' (driven from below)
passes over a wheel keyed on the shaft R¹; this shaft in its turn drives the roller Hi
by means of the wheel S¹; mounted loosely on this shaft R' are arms T¹ whose
extremities form the bearings of the roller H; these arms are lifted, from below, at
the requisite time by the beforementioned levers (². When the roller His lifted off
the paper the feed is of course stopped. A pawl U whose fulcrum is at V1, rests
with any desired weight on the lower (loose) roller J¹ and prevents the paper
running backwards. The finger M' is broad enough to continue its pressure against
the catch N° whilst the capstan shaft E' commonces to move the block towards
division II. When about half this movement is accomplished the heel of the
catch No travels on to a spring N2-see figs. 2 & 5-which continues to hold the
said catch until it has travelled nearly to division III, when it is allowed to fall off
the spring end & remain out of gear until it has again travelled round to
division I.
As soon as the block arrives and stops at division II the main lifting rod A² rises and
brings a suitably shaped encasing body G2 against the under side of the paper (a recess
being provided in it for the catch N°). Whilst thus rising certain levers H2 &c.
(see figs. 5 & 6) cause what may be termed a prolongation of the block J to advance
out of its guide K2 and meet the travelling one, so that the entire length of
projecting paper (not shown on the drawings) has something around which it may be

page_text: wrapped. After, or whilst, this is going on, the two other levers D2 and E² rise and
cause the wrapping arms L² & M2 hinged on the main body G2 to rise and (pushing
it before it at first) wrap the paper round the block. When the pasted edge is on
the right hand, as shown in fig. 1 the right hand arm M² must be so far behind the
other so as to bring down the pasted edge last. Fig. 12 is an enlarged section of an
encasing body G2 with its two wrapping arms-here the left hand arm is drawn as
the one that falls over last. It will be noted, though the paper is not shown, that it
must be fed on to the forming block, at division I, so that centre of the pasted joint
comes to about the centre of the upper side of the block, when folded, so as to
suit these arms. Before the capstan moves again all the pieces must be withdrawn.
As the block travels forward it drops the catch N, now no longer needed, as the
paper tube is fully formed. In case such a thing were wanted the block carrying
the paper tube might here-between divisions II. & III-be made to pass under a
roller to further fix the pasted joint.
Having arrived at division III a body (³, actuated by the lever A³ from below,
which slides on the bars D³, 13 is moved forward. In the centre of the body is an
axis E3 (see enlarged details at fig. 10, 11 & 15, which are however drawn for the
the opposite hand). Above this axis is mounted a block F3 with a projecting right
angled nose-shaped to suit the angled recess in the front of the forming block.
Below the axis is a crank plate with a crank pin G³ arranged at an angle of 45° with
the line of the projecting nose. This crank pin slides in a groove so restricted in
length, that, as the main body C³ approaches the block the crank pin is stopped
from advancing further, and, as the main body continues to do so, the projecting nose
of the folding block F³ is swiveled and brought gradually round against the end of
the main block. The effect of this is to turn inwards that side of the paper tube
on which the swivelling action is brought to bear-on being withdrawn the crank pin
slides back in the groove and only when it strikes the other end does it again swivel
the piece back again to the original position. H³ is the groove (see fig. 15). At
either end the crank, in turning round meets a spring J3 which, although it gives
way before the crank pin when turning round, compels it to begin its next stroke by
sliding the full length of the groove.
Just as the nose of F3 enters the recess a smaller nose K³ in the end of the folding
block, which is thrust forward by a spring (see fig. 11) is pushed back, and this
causes two fingers L³ & M³ to close over the projecting ends of the folded paper
which are flattened by the nip thus given.
At the next division, IV, a wheel F, driven by a cord from below, causes a wheel G₁
to revolve continuously in a pot of paste H. The vertical shaft A4 which is given
an intermittent vibrating movement from below, carries at its head an horizontal
shaft which at one end carries a small pasting wheel J of a diameter suited for
entering the end of the folded-in paper tube, whilst at the outer end a fly wheel K¹
is mounted. When out of action the pasting shaft is revolved by being brought
back in contact with the pasting wheel G (or by other such means) and when in
action the momentum of the flywheel enables it to deposit its paste and work it in.
A suitable stop may be arranged to prevent the bag end receiving a blow.
When division V is reached the other side of the bag is folded inwards in exactly
the same way as that already described under division III. The enlarged drawings
show this hand."
When division VI is reached the two projecting horns of the bag are pasted by
the roller J advancing between them. Or instead of one roller two may be used,
revolving and advancing in such a direction that the paste is carried forward under
the tips, without daubing their sides or edges.
At division VII the vibration of the lever A' brings about the following action.
This lever is coupled by the link C to the central pin 17 of the fingers or
claws E&F' whose tail levers e & f7, when the centre D' is advanced, are opened
out by the intervening tongue G7. This opening of the tail levers causes the front
claws to approach one another and as they are then outside the two paper horns
these are first folded inwards; the forward movement continues this action until the

page_text: claws, pressing the paper horns or tips before them enter the recess itself when the
forward action alone does the rest (without further assistance from the tail levers).
tightly pressing the tips home into their places. The return motion is similar, the
claws being kept centrally in their places by two springs which may be arranged in
any suitable manner. In fig. 13 & 14 the springs H7 J7 are fixed by screws to the
claws and after this they are brought together and fastened one to the other at their
extreme end K so that they may work backwards and forwards in the tail guide 17
without letting the claws get out of gear.
When the block, and its now completed bag, reach division VIII all that remains
is to remove the bag so that the block may again take a new piece of paper at
division I. For this purpose two arms C and D are slung on a bracket B8 (sec
figs. 7.) these arms are geared together so that their ends may approach one another,
and, at the front, pullies are arranged to carry belts. These belts are carried back
to pullies E&F and as these latter pullies are arranged one on the top of the
other, the lower one, driven by gearing from the vertical shaft A*, drives the upper.
The arm DS has a tail lever G8 which is actuated by the cam H8 so as to cause the
two front pullies to approach one another at the right time; when this is done the
belts, running in the direction shown, draw off the bag. To enable this to be
done easily holes Z to admit air are provided in the main blocks as shown in
figs. 8 & 9.
The top plate J of the capstan, as shown in fig. 1, carries eight forming
blocks K&c. which it presents in turn exactly in front of each division.
In actual practice it may be found advisable to slightly modify the exact
mathematical shape of the block, say for example, where thick paper is used, the
recess in the front of the block may be modified if the several layers of paper in and
about the tips demand it.
The pasting belt and pulley P1 may be arranged on the left hand; in such a case
the last wrapping arm i must be arranged to suit. The joint of the paper may be
arranged to fall as near the side as the wrapping arms will permit, this, if the
thickness of the tips demand it. It is better to first turn in that side of the paper
which was last brought over the block as it then carries the other edge into the
recess before it; divisions III to V may be arranged accordingly. The outline of
the edge of the paper left by the knife L' may be modified as required by making
the knife to suit.
In division the paper G¹ (fig. 3) is shown advancing; as soon as the proper
length has been run in the cams below raise the roller-hence these cams should
have adjustable tail ends. The spring finger M' is arranged to close on the paper
and secure it before the knife falls.
Many parts of the machine may be faced with indiarubber to lessen concussion,
say, for instance, the end of the last wrapping arın, and the ends of the folding-in
blocks in divisions III & V, &c.
It may be well to note that many of the details by which the steps of our
process of wrapping and folding &c., are carried out may easily be varied, after
they are once explained, so we do not wish to limit ourselves to the exact details
shown.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The use of a block of the novel shape and formation described, by which each
bag is creased and folded correctly by reason of its having been formed with one of
the said blocks inside it.
2. The process of making bags by machinery by forming them on blocks, of the
shape described, fixed and intermittently revolved on and by a central capstan,
around which the other divisions of the mechanism are arranged so that the paper
is cut off to lengths and a portion of it pasted, after which it is wrapped round the
block and formed into a tube, then one side is folded into the recessed end of the block

page_text: and the tips flattened, then the other side is pasted and folded in and its tips flattened,
after which the tips are pasted and folded within the said recess in the end of the
block, and there pressed, previous to the finished bag being drawn off the block and
rolled flat; all the motions going on at one end the same time.
3. The combination of parts forming division I, consisting essentially of the
mechanism for intermittently feeding pasting and cutting the paper into lengths, and
that for actuating the retaining clip, after the manner described.
4. The mode of wrapping the paper round the forming block and making the paper
tube by means of the wrapping arms and lengthening block, as set out under
division II.
5. The mode of turning in or folding one side of the paper tube, by causing a
secondarily block shaped as described to turn on an axis, first folding the paper and
lastly flattening the tips, as set out under division III.
6. The manner of applying the paste by mounting a revolving roller on a radial
arm which enters the paper tube at the side already folded in, accomplishing its
work without daubing the block when the machine is running empty.
7. The contrary handed manner-so to speak of folding in the other side of the
paper tube after pasting and then flattening the tips as set out under division V,
(which is after the manner described under division III).
8. The mode of pasting the tips of the bag by causing a radial arm to advance
a roller, or rollers, of suitable diameter between such tips, as set out under
division VI.
9. The mode of closing and thrusting forward the tips of the bag into the recessed
end of the block, and there pressing them, as set out under division VII.
10. The arrangement of parts forming the withdrawing machinery, after the
manner described and shown under division VIII.
11. The general arrangement and combination of the spiral cam, necessary for
moving the blocks from centre to centre, engaging with studs on the disc of the
central capstan, giving rise to the intermittent motion, substantially as shown.
12. The combination in a paper bag machine of any two or more of the divisions
of this machine.
1:1
1
1
"
WM. SNOWDON,
9, Beckett's Bank Chambers, Leeds, Yorks., Agent for the Applicants.