IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW STOCKS AND DIES
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joshua Heap, of Ashton-under-Lyne, in the County
of Lancaster, Tool Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW
STOCKS AND DIES."
Sealed the 24th March 1863, and dated the 7th October 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joshua Heap at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition," on the 7th
October 1862.
.
I, JOSHUA HEAP, of Ashton-under-Lyne, in the County of Lancaster, Tool
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN SCREW STOCKS AND DIES," to be as follows:-
two parts, one part
Now
Screw stocks of the usual construction are made in
being screwed. into the other for tightening up the dies. Now my Invention'
consists in making screw stocks of one piece, and in making one or both of
the dies with a tail screw, on which is a nut fitting in a concave recess in the
screw stock.
The .dies are portions of cylinders or of other suitable shape, and have
V grooves fitting on similar projections in the screw stock, which is made in
the form of a fish belly at the centre to combine strength with lightness-and-
to reduce labour in constructing. The centre portion of the slot in the screw
stock is enlarged to allow the dies to be put in their places and removed.
Another part of my Invention consists in making the dies of cylindrical
pieces of steel, which are screwed into the screw stock. Each die is provided
with three or other convenient number of cutting recesses for screwing bolts or
other articles of different diameters.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joshua Heap in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th
April 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSHUA
HEAP, of Ashton-under-Lyne, in the County of Lancaster, Tool Maker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Joshua Heap, Her special license, that I, the said Joshua
Heap, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Joshua Heap, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SCREW STOCKS AND DIES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Joshua Heap, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joshua Heap, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
(that is to say) :-
My Invention consists in making screw stocks of one piece, having dies, one
or both furnished with a tail screw, on which is a nut fitting in a concave
recess in the screw stock as herein-after described.
The dies are portions of cylinders or of other suitable shape, and have
V grooves fitting on similar projections in the screw stock, which is made in
the form of a fish belly at the centre to combine strength with lightness and
to reduce labour in constructing. The centre portion of the slot in the screw
stock is enlarged to allow the dies to be put in their places and removed.
The dies may be made of cylindrical pieces of steel, which are screwed into

page_text: the screw stock. Each die may be provided with three cutting recesses for
screwing bolts or other articles of different diameters.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into operation I will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings,
reference, being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
. Figure 1 is a side view, Figure 2 a plan, and Figure 3 a transverse section,
of a pair of screw stocks and dies constructed according to my improvements.
The handles or levers a, a, of the screw stocks are forged or otherwise
made of the same piece as the centre portion 6, which is made, above and
below, in the form of a fish belly, as shewn in Figure 8, in order to combine
strength with lightness and to reduce labour in the construction. The exterior
edge of the centre portion b is turned in the lathe like the handles a, and the
fish-bellied part may be either filed or ground. The dies c, c, are shewn in
the form of portions of a cylinder, but any other suitable shape may be given
to them; the dies are made with tail screws d, d, having nuts e, e, which are
convex at one side, fitting into concave recesses in the screw stock. The edges
of the nuts are milled, and when the dies have to be brought closer together
or set up, the workman turns the nut or nuts round or partly round. The
sides of the dies c are made with V-shaped grooves, see Figure 3, which
grooves fit on similar projections in the screw stocks; but these projections
are cut away between the dies, as shewn in Figure 2, to allow the dies to be
put.into their places or removed therefrom when required. In Figure 2.the
dies are shewn in their proper relative positions for screwing a bolt or other
article; as soon as the screw has been cut the attendant, by acting on the
milled edge of one of the nuts e, liberates the dies from the screw. In
changing the dies the attendant, by acting on one of the nuts e, draws one of
the dies back until the end of the die comes against the nut; the other die is
then drawn forward until the cylindrical portion comes opposite the space cut
away in the centre of the screw stock; this die is then at liberty to drop out
and the other is removed in the same manner. In putting a fresh pair of dies-
into the screw stock the same precaution is to be taken, that is to say, one of
the screw nuts e is brought close up to the cylindrical portion of the die, which
is then slipped into the screw stock, after which the other die follows, and
then the dies are adjusted to the screw to be cut. The tightening-up screw d
may, if it be preferred, be applied to one of the dies c instead of to both, as
shewn in the Drawing.
Figure 4 is a side view, Figure 5 a plan, and Figure 6 a transverse section,
of another of my improved screw stocks and dies. In this case the handles a, a,

page_text: and centre portion b are of one piece, and the dies c, c, are cylindrical pieces of
steel, with three faces, fitting into similar spaces in the centre portion b; the
dies have small shoulders c², seen best in Figure 7; to prevent them passing
through the screw stock; they are retained in their places by the washer f,
which is held up against the dies by the screws g. 9. The dies are prevented
from turning round by the plates c² fixed to the under side of the screw stock.
Each die is provided with three cutting recesses for screwing bolts or other
articles of different diameters. The dies are made with three sides or faces, as
the triangular form, shewn in Figure 7, combines strength with the requisite
variety in the diameter of the screws to be cut.
.
On referring to Figure 3 it will be seen that the groove in the dies is made
diagonal instead of vertical as heretofore, the object of this is to increase the
cutting action of the dies.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described two modes of
carrying the same into operation, I wish it to be distinctly understood that I
do not limit myself to the details given, as the same may be varied. I would
also remark that I am aware that screw stocks have been made, before the
date of this Patent, with the handles and centre portion in one piece, I there-
fore do not claim that mode of construction except when combined with my
other improvements, but I do claim,―
First, the combination of parts forming a screw stock of an improved form
furnished with dies, of an improved construction, as shewn and described in
reference to Figures 1, 2, and 3.
Secondly, the mode of constructing dies and of setting up one or both of
them, as shewn and described in reference to Figures 1, 2, and 3. .
Thirdly, the combination of parts forming a screw stock of an improved
form furnished with dies of an improved construction, as shewn and described
in reference to Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7.
And, fourthly, making the groove of the die diagonal instead of vertical, as
shewn and described in reference to Figure 3.
.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joshua Heap, have hereto set my hand
and seal, this Second day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
JUSHUA HEAP. (L.S.)