Improvements in the Manufacture of Brushes, Brooms, and the like.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 19th May, 1893-Accepted, 15th July, 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Brushes, Brooms, and
the like.
I, JOSEF STAUDER, of 16 Engel Ufer, in the City of Berlin in the Empire of
Germany, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the manufacture of brushes of various kinds and has
reference to an arrangement for enabling the bristles to be replaced or renewed and
also to the mode of grouping or massing in groups the bristles wires or other fibrous
material of organic and inorganic substances (suitable for such purposes and all of
which I shall hereinafter refer to as "bristles") to form such separate bundles or
tufts of bristles as can be replaced.
Referring to the accompanying drawing
Fig. 1 is an elevation partly in section of the rear cover of a circular or disc
brush for grinding or sharpening and polishing purposes.
Fig. 1 is a sectional edge view taken through the diameter of said cover.
Fig. 2 shows similar views of the front cover.
Fig. 2 is a section of Fig. 2, corresponding to Fig. 1^.
Fig. 3 is an edge view of Figs. 1 and 2 laid together.
Fig. 4 is a circular or disc-brush of another construction-the internal arrange-
ment of which is rendered visible by the removal of one half of the cover.
Fig. 5 is an edge view (partly a section) of Fig. 4.
Figs. 6, 7, 8 are front end and top views respectively of a brush or broom of
piassava fibre.
Figs. 94, 9B, 90, are respectively a plan side elevation and end elevation of a
tuft of bristles.
Figs. 10 and 10B are end and front elevations of a tuft of somewhat different
construction.
The brush illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 is constructed of circular shape and may
serve for example for cleaning castings for polishing grinding or sharpening and
similar operations. It consists of the discs A and B the naves of which are
inserted into one another in the manner indicated in the drawing and are fastened
together by screws inserted through the holes & in the discs.
The inner surfaces of the discs A and B are respectively furnished near their
periphery with pins, pegs or studs C which when the discs are screwed together
come opposite to one another and constitute separate and independent insertion
pieces for the tufts of bristles.
Figs. 94, 9B, and 90 illustrate a tuft of bristles D of the kind suitable for
applying to the discs A and B hereinbefore described. The said tuft is composed
of a bundle of the bristles inserted in a socket D' of sheet metal or other suitable
material provided with a contracted portion (Fig. 9B).
This mode of fastening has above all others heretofore known the advantage that
any liability to falling out of the bristles is obviated. In order to increase the "life"
of such brushes and to render the tufts of bristles capable of being fully used up
without the partly worn bristles becoming clogged or stuck together by the
grinding sharpening or polishing agent etc. employed, there is inserted in the
manner shown in Fig. 9ª an insertion or core D2 of cloth felt metal etc. between
the bristles in the socket D'. By this means the bristles are caused to spread
apart so that when the tufts of bristles have become worn away to half their
ength or even to a greater extent, they will still be suitable for receiving grinding
or sharpening and polishing agents.

page_text: In order to secure these metallic sockets (of the tufts of bristles) against lateral
movements between the pins, pegs or studs of the discs A and B semi-circular
projecting ribs, C₁ are arranged as shown (between the pins C) which thereby
firmly clamp and securely hold the sockets D' when the discs are screwed
together.
The advantage of employing separate supports or bearings by using the pins C
consists in the fact that the brush can be furnished more or less thickly with
bristles to suit the purpose for the time being,
Another mode of construction of the aforesaid brushes is shown in Figs. 4 and 5.
The body portion of the same consists of a circular body E in the edge of which
undercut recesses or grooves F are formed i.e. of outwardly narrowing shape.
In these recesses F (which are arranged at any suitable distance apart corre-
sponding to the thickness of the tufts) tufts of bristles for example of the construction
shown in Figs. 10 and 10 may be inserted from the side and be secured from
lateral movement by means of a disc E' screwed into or onto or otherwise suitably
secured to the body E,
The tufts H shown in Figs. 104 and 10B are held together by metal sockets H or
the like which are bent in the form shown in Fig. 10.
Tufts of bristles of this kind are employed with advantage especially in the
manufacture of piassava brooms and hand brushes or brooms.
A broom constructed of piassava according to this arrangement is illustrated in
Figs. 6, 7, and 8.
The brush holder consists as shown of a sheet metal frame G of inverted ☐ shaped
section in which a corrugated metal sheet G' (Fig. 7) is rivetted or otherwise fixed.
The number of corrugations of said corrugated sheet G' depends on the purpose for
which the brush is to be employed. The tufts of bristles are inserted from the side
and can be arranged at any desired distances apart.
In order to render the grooves for the inserted tufts of bristles accessible a tuft
is placed across each of the two ends of the carrier sheet G. These end tufts are
fastened in a simple manner by passing a pin G³ through the bent socket and
arranging another pin G4 sidewise for keeping the end tuft in its place. Small
sliding plates of metal G2 adapted to be inserted in grooves provided for the
purpose serve to close in the body of the brush on the outside.
In such cases where it is desired to construct the brush of steel wires or narrow.
strips of steel or metal the same are bent together as shown in Figs. 10 and 10B
after they have been bedded in the socket H¹ of felt cloth rubber or sheet metal
advantageously with the aid of an elastic insertion. A mode of fastening of this
kind allows of an easy springy, action of the fibres or wires and also holds the same
tightly together as desired.
:
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
1) A brush broom or the like in which the tufts such as D or H of fibres are
capable of being replaced and are held in a socket and such sockets separately
mounted and held in the undercut grooves or equivalent contracted recesses or the
like to receive and hold same on the body of the brush broom etc. the arrangement
being such, that the separate tufts are prevented from falling out and are adapted
to receive grinding or sharpening agents even after becoming worn substantially as
described and illustrated.
2) A brush or broom in which the tufts of bristles are held together by discs
such as A and B adapted to be fitted or screwed together said discs being furnished
with pins ribs or fillets C¹ and thus constituting supports or bearings independent
of one another for the reception of the specially mounted tufts of bristles substan-
tially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in Figs. 1, 14, 2 and 2 of
the drawings hereunto annexed.
3) A brush consisting of the disc E, F adapted to be screwed together and tufts