IMPROVEMENTS IN AND DYNAMO-ELECTRIC, MAGNETO-ELECTRIC AND ALSO APPLICABLE AS ELECTRO MOTORS " CONNECTED WITH ELECTRO-MAGNETIC MACHINES,
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Leslie Fyfe of Maidenhead Court Aldersgate
Street in the City of London and John Main of Brixton in the County of
Surrey for an invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND
DYNAMO-ELECTRIC, MAGNETO-ELECTRIC AND
ALSO APPLICABLE AS ELECTRO MOTORS
"
CONNECTED WITH
ELECTRO-MAGNETIC MACHINES,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Leslie Fyfe and
John Main at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th June
1882.
ALEXANDER LESLIE FYFE of Maidenhead Court Aldersgate Street in the City
"IMPROVEMENTS
of London and JOHN MAIN of Brixton in the County of Surrey
IN AND CONNECTED WITH DYNAMO-ELECTRIC, MAGNETO-ELECTRIC AND ELECTRO-
MAGNETIC MACHINES, ALSO APPLICABLE AS ELECTRO MOTORS
"
The object of this Invention is to construct dynamo magneto-electric electro-
magnetic machines and electro motors as follows.
In all forms of existing machines there is a certain part of the armature during
its rotation idle which produces resistance without being active and the object of
this Invention is to cut that part out of circuit.
The armature is composed of any suitable number of segments of a U form and
there is a core in this armature which may form part of it and around which the
insulated wire is coiled to suit the number of segments. This core may be hollow
or it may remain solid. By this means the cores of the respective armature sections
face the poles of the field magnets in a lateral direction thereto and also to that of
the axis. The field magnets are so arranged that the intensity of the influence is
equally distributed over the magnetic field of the poles.
The disc or arinature revolves between say two pairs of poles which may be
arranged at right angles to the axis or they may be arranged parallel thereto.

page_text: Two or more of the sections of the armature may be coupled and each section or
pair of sections may carry a brush forming part of a spring or having a spring
pressing thereon or any other suitable device so as to cause the said brushes to bear
against and revolve around a suitable commutator which is fixed.
When the armature arrives at a certain position between the poles the brushes
bear against a separate part of the commutator and are thereby out of circuit
during part of their travel from one pole to the other.
The machine may be constructed so to have any convenient number of discs
which may be joined up singly or in series.
The machine may also be constructed to produce alternating currents.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Alexander Leslie Fyfe and John Main in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 5th December 1882.
ALEXANDER LESLIE FYFE of Maidenhead Court Aldersgate Street in the City
of London and JOHN MAIN of Brixton in the County of Surrey. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN AND CONNECTED WITH DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MAGNETO-ELECTRIC AND ELECTRO-
MAGNETIC-MACHINES ALSO APPLICABLE AS ELECTRO MOTORS
"
This Invention has for its object improvements in and connected with dynamo,
magneto-electric, electro-magnetic machines and electro motors.
Generally there is a certain part of the armature during its rotation idle which
produces resistance without being active and the chief object of this invention is to
cut that part out of circuit.
The armature is composed of any suitable number of segments as hereinafter
described, and there is a core in each armature which may form part of it but we
prefer that this core should be of non-magnetic material say brass and around
which the insulated wire is coiled to suit the number of segments composing the
armature. The cores may be hollow or may remain solid as may be desired. By
this means the cores of the respective armature sections face the poles of the field
magnets in a lateral direction.
The field magnets are so arranged that the intensity of the influence is equally
distributed over the magnetic field of the poles. The disc or armature revolves
between say two or more pairs of poles which may be arranged at right angles to
the axis or they may be arranged parallel thereto or in any convenient manner.
Two or more of the sections of the armature may be coupled and each section or
pair of sections may carry a brush forming part of a spring or having a spring
pressing thereon or any other suitable device so as to cause the said brushes to
bear against a suitable commutator. When the armature arrives at a certain
position between the poles the brushes bear against a separate part of the com-
mutator and are thereby cut out of circuit during part or parts of the revolution of
the armature.

page_text: The machine may be constructed so as to have any number of discs which may
be formed up singly or in series and the machine may also be constructed so as to
produce alternating currents.
In order that our Invention may be more readily understood we will proceed to
describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 is a front elevation of such a machine Figure 2 is a half section of the
armature and Figure 3 sheet 2 is an elevation of the armature and Figure 4 is a
front sectional elevation of one half of a machine showing the poles and the
brushes bearing on the commutator the said brushes being secured to one or other of
the side frames Figure 5 is a view of the armature showing its connections with
the commutator. The lettering refers to like parts in all the figures. AA Figure 1
are the side frames to which the poles are connected they are lettered B and B'
respectively indicating for example the north and south poles. B+ and B++ are
the respective pole pieces and between their faces the armature D revolves, it is
mounted on the axis C to which motion is imparted through the pulley G. E is
the commutator mounted on the said spindle and F (Figure 4) are the brushes for
taking off the current. There may be two commutators as shewn at Figure 6 so
arranged that both brushes may be arranged side by side and bear on the top.or
bottom as found desirable to facilitate adjustment in the case of the commutator
revolving and the brushes being stationary, but where it is desirable that the
brushes should revolve around a fixed, commutator they may be arranged as shown
at Figure 10 and in a similar position to those shown at Figure 4 although they
are shown fixed. When it may be desired to take off the brushes whilst the
machine is running, the commutator may be moved laterally, by the well known
clutch arrangement. In Figure 3 which is a front elevation of the armature a a
are the cheeks between which the coils of insulated wire are wound (as shown on
Figures 2 and 5) on the core b the cores may be made of brass or other non magnetic
material as may be found advantageous. The iron cheeks a a serve to collect the
magnetic rays and allow them to pass parallel through the coils. These pairs of
cheeks are connected by segments or preferably by a ring c, of brass or other non
magnetic material. The cheeks with their coils thus forming a radial series may
be of any desired number.
In Figure 4 B. B' are the field magnets and B+ B++ their respective pole pieces
E the terminal for say the positive current and H' for say the negative. Figure 5
shews a method for winding and connecting the coils on the armature and also
their connections with the commutator. The wire from segment 0 on commutator
passes to coil 1 on armature, passes around coils 2. 3 and 4 and thence to segment 4a
and across to segment e. The wire from 5 passes around coils 6. 7. 8 and 9 and
thence to segment 9a to 9b the wire from segment 0 connects segment 3* and 5
connect segment 5a as shewn.
Figure 7 is front sectional elevation and Figure 8 a side elevation of another
form of machine having 8 pairs of field magnets.
Where there are say four pairs the armature may be made wider say to a depth
equal or nearly so to the space between the field magnets.
Figure 9 is a front elevation of the armature shewing one of the cheeks away.
There may be two or more coils between one pair of cheeks as shewn at
Figure 11 and they may be round or of a wedge shape as before described and
shewn but we do not limit ourselves to the radial or wedge shapes as they may be
obviously round.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention we would have it understood
that what we claim is:-
First. The construction of dynamo, magneto, or electro-magnetic machines or
motors where that part of the armature (which usually remains idle) is cut out of
circuit so that the current is not allowed to pass through the inactive portion
thereby decreasing the resistance of the armature as set forth.
Second. The construction of the armature as herein before described and
illustrated so as to allow the poles to approach each other to a short distance

page_text: thereby increasing the magnetic influence between them and having a greater effect
on the disc or armature.
Third. The facing of the armature coils with iron plates for collecting and con-
centrating the magnetic rays and therefore allowing them to pass parallel through
the aforesaid coils as set forth and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
Fourth. The combination of a fixed commutator capable of adjustment and
around and on which the brushes revolve and bear the said brushes being connected
to the armature and revolving therewith as described and illustrated.
Fifth. The employment of two commutators on one shaft the brushes or collectors
being arranged advantageously side by side and pressing on the commutators in
any suitable position to facilitate the adjustment of the brushes in the manner and
for the purposes herein set forth.
In Witness whereof we the said Alexander Leslie Fyfe and John Main
have hereunto set our hands and seals this Fourth day of December in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
Witness*
JAS FRED PHILLIPS of the firm of
Phillips & Leigh.
22 Southampton Buildings W.C.
(L.S.)
A. L. FYFE
JOHN MAIN (L.S.)