IMPROVE- MENTS IN WHEELS FOR ROAD VEHICLES."
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Hassalwood Carmont, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Consulting Engineer, for an Invention of “ IMPROVE-
MENTS IN WHEELS FOR ROAD VEHICLES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Hassalwood
Carmont at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd July
1881.
WILLIAM HASSALWOOD CARMONT, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Consulting Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN WHEELS FOR ROAD VEHICLES."
The objects of my improvements are to obtain strength and lightness in wheels
of road vehicles, to dispense with nails or bolts in fastening on the tyres, and to
make the wheels run without noise or jar.
I form a weldless tyre of steel or iron, and I make a flange at each side on the
inner circumference, which flanges strengthen the tyre and hold it securely in its
place without the use of bolts, nails, or screws when it is shrunk on the wheel; or,
instead of two flanges at the sides, I form one flange extending round the middle
of the inner circumference of the tyre, and I turn a recess in the middle of the
periphery of the felly of the wheel, into which recess the flange on the tyre fits
when it is shrunk on the wheel, thus securing it in its place. I sometimes dispense
with the flange or flanges, and secure the weldless tyre on the wheel in the usual
manner. When desirable, I also form a recess in the periphery of the tyre (which
in this case may be weldless or welded), and in this recess I insert india rubber or
other elastic material or yielding substance, so that the wheel may run without
noise or jar.
These improved tyres combine great strength with lightness.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Hassalwood Carmont in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 31st December 1881.
WILLIAM HASSALWOOD CARMONT, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Consulting Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS IN WHEELS FOR ROAD VEHICLES."
"6
The objects of my improvements are to obtain strength and lightness in wheels
for road vehicles, to dispense with nails or bolts in fastening on the tyres, and to
make the wheels run without noise or jar.
I form a weldless tyre of steel or iron or other metal, and I make a flange at
each side on the inner circumference, which flanges strengthen the tyre and hold
it securely in its place without the use of bolts, nails, or screws when it is shrunk
on the wheel.
I sometimes dispense with the flanges, and secure the weldless tyre on the wheel
in the usual manner. When desirable, I also form a recess in the periphery of the
tyre (which in this case may be weldless or welded), and in this recess I insert
india-rubber or other elastic material or yielding substance, so that the wheel may
run without noise or jar.
These improved tyres combine great strength with lightness.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect I will describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, reference being
had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is a view in section of part of a spider wheel to which my Invention is
applied.
a is the tyre, the periphery of which is recessed to admit an annular piece of
india-rubber b; I form an annular groove or slit in the india-rubber, and I insert
in this groove a taper piece or pieces of wood or other material c; the recess in the
periphery of the tyre is made wider at the base than it is at the outside, as shown
on the Drawing, to hold the india-rubber firmly in its place; the taper wedge c
keeps the india-rubber wider at its base than at its periphery, so that it cannot
escape from the tyre; the india-rubber prevents noise and jar when the wheel is
in motion.
Fig. 2 is a section of part of a cab wheel to which my Invention is applied.
a is the tyre. I make the flange at one side of the inner circumference narrow
to allow it to be shrunk on to the wheel. I shrink the tyre on to the wheel, and I
use small plates a¹, one end of which fits under the flange of the tyre to make it
more secure; these plates also strengthen the joinings of the fellies d, to which
tliey are secured. is a steel spring fitted in the recess in the tyre, and extending
all round the wheel. e is a steel guard or casing to protect the spring b¹; this
guard may be made of a solid annular piece of steel shrunk on, or it may be made
of a steel spring coiled once or more times round the wheel, the ends being secured
by bolts or rivets passing through slots, or in other convenient manner.
guard e is free to move slightly inward or outward, but the spring b¹ must be
sufficiently strong to keep the tyre from coming in contact with the pavement.
A. spring fitted in the recess and coiled any desired number of times round the
wheel may be used without a guard, but the outer coil must project a sufficient
distance beyond the tyre to keep the tyre from the pavement.
The
Fig. 3 is a side view of part of the spring b. In place of the spring b₁ any other
suitable spring may be used.
Fig. 4 is a section of a cab wheel almost exactly similar to Fig. 2, but in place of
the steel spring b' I fit an annular piece of india rubber b' in the recess in the tyre
protected by an annular guard e, and I place an annular strip of hoop iron or other

page_text: material between the india-rubber and the guard e to keep the latter from burning
the india-rubber when it is shrunk on.
Fig. 5 is a side elevation of part of a cab wheel to which my Invention is applied
and Fig. 6 is a cross section of the same; Fig. 7 shews a full section through X, Y.
a is the tyre shrunk on to the fellies, to which are fixed plates a' (shown also on
Figs. 2, 4, and $); b is an annular piece of india-rubber fitted in a recess in the
tyre. The india rubber has a slit extending round its inner circumference; it is
distended by a wedge or wedges c, and it is secured in its place as described in
reference to Fig. 1.
Fig. 8 shows a section of part of a cab wheel with a flanged weldless tyre with
plain periphery shrunk on to the fellies.
Fig. 9 shows a section of part of a plain weldless tyre secured to the fellies of a
wheel by bolts; Fig. 10 shows two annular pieces, of india-rubber secured in a tyro
by wood or other substance c' placed between them.
Having stated the nature of my Invention and described the manner of per-
forming the same, I would have it understood that I am aware that prior to my
Invention india-rubber and springs have been applied to the tyres of wheels for
road vehicles, and I do not claim such a combination broadly, but
What I do claim is,-
1. The annular piece of india-rubber b wider at the base than at the periphery,
and the wedge c to distend the same and keep it in the recess in the tyre, as and
for the purpose shown and described.
2. The combination of the steel spring 61 with the guard e fitted in the recess
in the wheel tyre, substantially as shown and described in reference to Fig. 2.
3. The combination of the india-rubber cushion 2 with the annular guard e
fitted in the recess in the tyre, substantially as shown and described in reference to
Fig. 4.
4. A weldless or welded tyre in which is a recess with parallel sides to receive a
spring of steel or india-rubber protected by a guard, substantially as shown and
described in reference to Figs. 2 and 4.
5. A weldless or welded tyre in which is a recess smaller at the outside than at
the base to receive an annular piece of india rubber, substantially as shown and
described in reference to Figs. 1, 5, 6, and 7.
6. The combination of a weldless tyre (with or without a recess to receive india
rubber with the spokes of a spider wheel, substantially as shown on Fig. 1.
7. The combination of a weldless flanged tyre with the fellies of a wheel,
substantially as shown on Fig. 8.
8. The combination of a weldless tyre with the fellics of a wheel, substantially
as shown on Fig. 9.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Hassalwood Carmont, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of December, One thousand eight
hundred and eighty one.
W. H. CARMONT.
(L.S.)