Improvements in Automatic Valves.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Sept., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 11th June, 1896-Accepted, 11th Sept., 1896
Improvements in Automatic Valves.
We, JAMES COTTRELL of No. 168 Upper Kennington Lane, in the County of
Surrey, Model Maker, and WILLIAM HEATLEY of No 63 Drummond Street, in
the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to improvements in automatic valves and more particularly
to such as are specially adapted for use in connection with the inflation of pneumatic
tyres.
The valve stem is made fast to the pneumatic tube, or its equivalent, by means
of a flange on the end of the stem and a pair of parallel grooves in the periphery
of the stem near to the flange. The edge of the rubber round the hole in the tyre
is caused to embrace the annulus standing between the said rings, a whipping
around the rubber, between the annulus and the flange, being added. Or, a rubber
washer tapered outwardly to a thin edge and having a central nipple to receive
the stem, is cemented to the tyre around the hole in it.
The stem is held to the rim by stops fast on it and adapted to engage against
the sides of the groove of the rim, and a locking nut also on the stem but on the
other side of the rim.
The stem in question is screw threaded on the outside. The valve body is screw
threaded internally to screw over that portion of it inside of the lock uut.
Consequently, the hole in the rim is smaller than if the stem were large enough to
receive a male threaded valve body. The opposite end is screw threaded
externally to connect with the pump. The valve chamber is formed within the
valve body between the socket which screws over the stem and the opposite end
over which the pump is screwed. The valve proper is of the spindle type and is
made of vulcanite. The spindle is long enough to always stand more or less
within the bore of the opposite end above mentioned. The valve chamber is
lined with vulcanite. The bore of this lining is cut to a parabolic curve, the
narrower portion of such bore forming the seating for the valve against the
pressure from the tyre. The valve spindle carries an elastic ring under the valve
and which is large enough to keep the metal of the said valve out of contact with
the vulcanite. The opposite seating, or rather the abutment, of the valve, is
provided by a ring which stands between a shoulder on the internal surface of
the valve body and the end of the stem above mentioned. This collar is hollowed
externally till its end enters the bore of the stem. The annular space about the.
collar is filled with packing which thus packs between the stem and valve body.
without spreading to choke the air way. The head of the valve has air ports
provided to allow of the air passing it when the pressure from the pump drives it
up against the abutment.
Dated this 11th day of September 1895
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
Agents for the. Applicants.

page_text: We, JAMES COTTRELL of No. 168 Upper Kennington Lane, in the County of
Surrey, Model Maker, and WILLIAM HEATLEY of No. 63 Drummond Street, in
the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-—
The present invention relates to improvements in automatic valves, and is
particularly applicable to the inflating valves of the pneumatic tubes of cycle
tyres.
It consists in the combination with the valve nipple, of improved means for
holding it to the wheel rim; in the valve nipple being adapted to receive the valve
body over it; in the combination of an incorrodible lining for the cavity of the
valve body; and in a novel construction of automatic valve.
Referring to the accompanying drawings which are to be taken as part of this
specification and read therewith,
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of the body of a valve made according to the
present invention.
Figure 2 is a plan of the valve seat.
Figure 3 is a vertical section through the valve stem or nipple and the adjacent
portions of the wheel rim and of the pneumatic tube.
Figure 4 is a sectional elevation of a modified construction of valve body.
Figure 5 is a sectional elevation of a modified form of valve.
Figure 6 is a vertical section through the valve stem or nipple and the adjacent
portions of the wheel rim and the pneumatic tube.
a is the valve stem or nipple. bis the pneumatic tube. The connection between
them is the well known combination of socket c projecting from the tube b and
into which the relative end of the nipple a is entered, annular grooves about the
said end, and a whipping c. It is illustrated in Figure 3. A modified connection
is illustrated in Figure 6. It consists of a rubber washer d of gradually decreasing
thickness towards its outer edge and having the socket c incorporated with and
projecting from its concave side. The nipple is inserted in the socket e, the latter
whipped to it as illustrated and the washer cemented down upon the tube b.
The nipple a is held to the wheel rim f by a pair of stops on the outer or ground
side of it and a nut g on the opposite side of it as illustrated in Figures 3 and 6.
These stops are plates fast to the nipple a and projecting from it at right angles
therewith. Their outer ends h, h are bent to meet the groove of the rim f, while
their sides bear against the sides of the said groove. There is the same contact
between the sides of the fast plates and loose washer e, e¹ and the edges of the
convexities and the concavities e illustrated in Figure 9 and the groove of the
wheel rim f.
The valve stem a is as of as small a diameter as is consistent with the presence
of the bore of it, and with the requisite degree of strength. Hitherto diminution
in diameter has been barred by the practice of making the nipple female and
screw threading it internally to receive the externally screwed male fitting on the
valve body. Such a practice has imposed a minimum beyond which the diameter
of the nipple hole in the wheel rimf could not be reduced, thereby leaving the
weakening effect of such hole in irreducible quantity. According to the present
invention, a reduction in diameter of both nipple a and hole in the wheel rim ƒ is
achieved by having the screw thread a' by which it and the valve body next

page_text: described, are held together, on the outside of the nipple and on the inside of the
valve body, as illustrated in Figures 1 and 3, 4 and 6.
i is the valve body; j, its cavity, and the nipple on to which the pump, is
screwed. This valve body may be in one piece as illustrated in Figure 1, or in
two united by a screw joint as illustrated in Figures 4 and 7.
is an incorrodible lining of the valve cavity j. It is advantageously of
vulcanite, but any other equally incorrodible substance meets the requirements of
the present invention.
m is a valve and m' its spindle standing within the bore of the nipple k. Both
valve and spindle are of incorrodible material. m² is a ring or facing of rubber
or similarly elastic material surrounding the spindle m¹ close up to the valve
proper m and acting in combination with it but against the seating provided by
the shoulder where the nipple k meets the body i.
The necessity of the ring m² cushioning against its seating, requires that the
material of it, be elastic. The only elastic substance which in the present state
of the art, is suitable for the purpose, is india-rubber. But there is sufficient
sulphur in indiarubber to, when the latter and metal stay in contact with each
other, set up sufficient corrosion to cement the two together. For instance, during
the interval between two rides, the valve may become cemented fast to the valve
body, and in the event of it becoming necessary to re-inflate the tube on the
second ride, the condition of the valve most likely prevents such re-inflation.
The seating for the ring m² is shaped to a parabolic curve.
The valve stop
against which the valve is forced and by which it is stopped at each inflating
stroke of the pump, consists of a block n which fits within the body i close up to
the bottom of the cavity j. n¹ is a central air port through it from the cavity j
to the bore of the nipple a. n2 is an elastic packing between the valve body i
and the nipple a. The block n projects beyond the packing n² in the direction
of the nipple a and is turned down to enter the bore of the said nipple when the
valve body i is screwed up over it, such entrance being adapted to prevent the
spread of the packing choking either the port n' or the bore of the nipple a.
n³, n³ are ports in the face of either the block n, as illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 4,
or in that of the valve m, as illustrated in Figure 5, adapted to maintain a
communication between the cavity j and the air port n'.
During the inflating strokes of the pump, the valve m is kept down upon the
block n, the air passing through the cavity j, the ports n³ and n', and the nipple a
into the tube b. As soon as pumping is discontinued, the air pressure in the tube,
closes the elastic ring m² of the valve upon the parabolic seating at the opposite
end of the cavity j.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The combination of valve stem or nipple and stops and nut adapted to hold
the same to the wheel rim as set forth.
2. The combination of valve stem or nipple, stops and nut adapted to hold the
same to the wheel rim and device for holding the said nipple to the pneumatic
tube, as set forth.
3. The combination of valve stem or nipple adapted to enter the valve body and
valve body adapted to fit over the said valve stem or nipple, as and for the purpose
set forth.
4. The combination of valve stem or nipple adapted to enter the valve body;
valve body adapted to fit over the said valve stem or nipple; and stops and nut
adapted to hold the latter to the wheel rim, as set forth.
5. The combination of valve stem or nipple adapted to enter the valve body;
valve body adapted to fit over the said valve stem or nipple; stops and nut
adapted to hold the latter to the wheel rim; and device for holding the said nipple
to the pneumatic tube, as set forth.

page_text: 6. The combination of metal valve body, an incorrodible lining for the cavity
thereof and valve of material incorrodible in respect of metal, as set forth.
Dated this 11th day of June 1896.
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
No. 22 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.