Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Mar., 1887
Complete Left, 3rd Dec., 1887
Complete Accepted, 6th Jan., 1888
I GEORGE JAMES WILLIAMS of the Firm of Williams Brothers and Company of
Pershore Street Birmingham in the County of Warwick Manufacturer do hereby
declare, the nature of invention to be as follows:
Syringes as ordinarily constructed, have to be intermittently refilled when being
used, and which refilling usually takes place through the nozzle or rose end, by the
withdrawal upwards of a piston, by means of a piston rod and handle. Thus the
action of the piston, when drawn in one direction, causes water to be withdrawn
within the interior of the syringes, at the front side of the piston, while the motion
of the piston in the reverse direction, discharges the water, through the rose or nozzle.
The object of my invention is to so construct syringes, that an intermittent feed from
the front as aforesaid, is dispensed with.
I take an ordinary barrel provided with the usual pierced cap, rose, or nozzle at its
front end, and at its back-end, with an enclosing gland cap, through the middle of
which a piston rod, whose piston works within the cylinder, passes. This piston rod
has at its back end, a handle, for giving the necessary to and fro movement to the
piston for working the syringe. The piston consists preferably of a metallic body,
pierced or reticulated with holes, and upon the front face, a disc of india-rubber or
other flexible material is secured about its middle, to the said face or front part, but
leaving the outer parts free, to be deflected outwards, on water passing from the back
to the front of the syringe; and on the other hand, for the said disc to cover over the
holes, on water being forced from the front part, thus making the piston, a valve
piston, which admits water to pass through it, on being drawn one way, but stops the
water on being forced the other way. The back or gland end of the syringe barrel is
provided upon its underside with a depending or hanging nozzle, having within it, a
valve, which fits within a seat to close the orifice of the said nozzle, on water being
displaced from the back to the front side of the piston. Thus this valve works
inwardly, for the entrance of water, and outwardly (to its seat) on the piston being
withdrawn from front to back. Suitable stops are arranged, for limiting the move-
ment of the valve within the interior of the nozzle, while suitable spaces are left
around the valve, for the free entrance of water to the back of the piston when the

page_text: valve is away from its seat. A flexible tubing is attached to the end of the supply
nozzle, through which water is fed from a vessel or the like. On using the syringe,
the piston is pressed forward in the usual manner, when the disc on the front of the
piston, closes the holes through its face, and thus presents a solid front, which compels
the water in front of it, to be forced forward, either through a nozzle, or through the
holes or reticulations in the rose or cap. This traverse of the piston from back to
front, draws water through the flexible tube, into the back part of the syringe or into
the space vacated by the piston. The reverse movement, or the traverse of the piston
from front to back, causes the disc to open outwardly, and allow water to pass from
back to front of the piston through the now unclosed holes or reticulations. This
displacement from back to front, closes the nozzle or inlet valve, so as to prevent
water from again returning through the flexible tubing; so that the continuous to
and fro movement of the piston within the barrel of the syringe, both forces and raises,
or constantly feeds the syringe, thereby doing away with the intermittent refilling as
is the case, with syringes of the ordinary construction. The depending inlet nozzle
instead of being placed at the back, it may with like effect, be placed at the front of
the syringe. The valvular part of the piston may be made of metal, instead of
rubber as described.
Dated this Second day of March 1887
GEORGE JAMES WILLIAMS.
By Henry Skerrett,
Agent for Applicant.
Improvements in the Construction of Garden and other Syringes.
I, GEORGE JAMES WILLIAMS of the firm of Williams Brothers and Company of
Pershore Street Birmingham in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Syringes as ordinarily constructed, have to be intermittently refilled when being
used, and which refilling, usually takes place through the nozzle or rose end, by the
withdrawal upwards of a piston, by means of a piston rod, and handle. Thus, the
action of the piston, when drawn in one direction, causes water to be withdrawn within
the interior of the syringe, at the front side of the piston, while the motion of the
piston in the reverse direction, discharges the water, through the rose or nozzle.
The object of my invention, is to so construct syringes, that an intermittent feed
from the front as aforesaid, is dispensed with.
$

page_text: I take an ordinary barrel, provided with the usual pierced cap, rose, or nozzle at its
front end, and at its back end, with an enclosing gland cap, through the middle of
which, a piston rod, whose piston works within the cylinder, passes. This piston rod
has at its back end, a handle, for giving the necessary to and fro movement to the
piston, for working the syringe.
The piston consists preferably of a metallic body, pierced or reticulated with holes,
and upon the front face, a disc of india-rubber or other flexible material is secured
about its middle, to the said face or front part, but leaving the outer parts free, to be
deflected outwards, on water passing from the back to the front of the syringe; and
on the other hand, for the said disc to cover over the holes, on water being forced from
the front part, thus making the piston a valve piston, which admits of water to pass
through it, on being drawn one away, but stops the water on being forced the other
way. Or instead of a rubber valve, a stalked metallic valve may be used.
The back or gland end of the syringe barrel, is provided upon its underside, with
a depending or hanging nozzle, having within it, a valve, which fits within a seat, to
close the orifice of the said nozzle, on water being displaced from the back to the
front side of the piston. Thus, this valve works inwardly, for the entrance of water,
and outwardly, (to its seat) on the piston being withdrawn from front to back.
A grating, or stops are arranged, for limiting the movement of the valve within
the interior of the nozzle, while spaces are left around the valve, for the free entrance
of water to the back of the piston, when the valve is away from its seat.
A length of flexible tubing is attached to the end of the supply nozzle, through
which water is drawn from a vessel, or otherwise.
On using the syringe, the piston is pressed forward in the usual manner, when the
valve, on the front of the piston, closes, or covers up the holes, through its face, and
thus presents a solid front, which compels the water in front of it, to be forced
forward, either through a nozzle, or through the holes or reticulations in the rose or
cap. This traverse of the piston, from back to front, draws water through the flexible
tube, into the back part of the syringe, or into the space vacated by the piston. The
reverse movement, or the traverse of the piston from front to back, causes the valve
to open outwardly, and allow water to pass from back to front of the piston,, through
the now unclosed holes, or reticulations. This displacement from back to front,
closes the nozzle or inlet valve, so as to prevent water from again returning through
the flexiblo tubing. So that the forward movement of the piston within the barrel of
the syringe, both forces and raises, or constantly feeds the syringe, thereby doing away
with the intermittent refilling, as is the case, with syringes of the ordinary con-
struction.
The depending inlet nozzle, instead of being placed at the back, may with some-
what like effect, be placed at the front of the syringe.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawing, the
manner in which the same is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents a complete longitudinal vertical section of a garden syringe,
constructed or provided with improvements made according to my invention.
Figure 2 is a section, upon an enlarged scale, of the rear end of the said syringe,
and figure 3 is a like enlarged view of the front, or nozzle end. Figure 4 is a
transverse vertical section on the dotted lines A B figure 3, showing the back of the
valved piston. Figure 5 is a side elevation of the said piston, and figure 6 a front
elevation. Figure 7 represents the front of the valve seating, showing the piercings,
and the central opening, wherein the valve stalk works. Figure 8 represents the
valve grating and valve of the feed nozzle, in plan.
The same letters of reference, indicate corresponding parts in the several figures of
the drawing.
a is the barrel of the syringe, with a rose nozzle at its front end, and a gland
cap c, at its back end, and with a piston rod d, working through the middle of the said
gland cap, and with its front end, which works within the syringe, provided with a
valved piston e, consisting of a cylindrical body e, with pierced middle diaphragm e³,
packing e, valve seat e, against which the inner side of the valve f seats itself, and

page_text: with the stalks, of the said valve, working within the holes es, g², made through the
diaphragm e³, and a front plate g, respectively.
The valve is pressed to its seat, by a coiled spring h, encircling the outer stalk of the
valve, and interposed between its face, and the inside face of the outer plate g.
Instead of a rose nozzle b, as represented, a jet nozzle or spreader may be sub-
stituted therefor.
The back or gland end of the syringe barrel, is provided with a feed nozzle i, having
working within its coned inside part, or valve chamber i, a block valve j, which fits
within the coned seating 3, and above the valve; and below the inland entrance i',
is a grating, for limiting the rising of the valve.
The feed nozzle, is made detachable if necessary, from the end of the syringe
barrel; and it is also provided at its lower end, with flexible tubing through which
water is drawn, on the working of the syringe by the handle k.
When the feed nozzle i with its valve, is placed in front of the syringe, then the
piston will require to be provided with a double valve, joined by a single stalk, and
with the rose end of the barrel, also fitted with a valve, which opens outwardly; so
that on the piston being drawn back within its barrel, the valve at the rose end, is
closed, and so also is the valve on the piston rod side of the piston, thus admitting of
a partial vacuum being created, on the front side of the piston, and water through the
flexible pipe, as aforesaid, drawn.
Or when a feed nozzle is placed in front, it may be connected with the rear of the
syringe, by a pipe running along the underside of the barrel; in this case, the
valvular arrangement is the same as in figure 1.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is.―
First. Supplying, or feeding garden syringes, with water, through an independent
inlet nozzle, instead of supplying, or drawing water into the said syringes, through
the rose or delivery nozzle, substantially as described and set forth.
Secondly. Providing the rear ends of garden syringes, with a feed nozzle i, valve
and valve seat, ³, stop or grating, inlet, and pipe, or flexible tubing 1, sub-
stantially as, and for the purpose as specified.
Thirdly. The combination with an inlet feed, of a valved piston e, substantially
as described and set forth.
Lastly. Improvements in garden syringes, constructed, and the parts arranged, and
working substantially, as described and set forth, in the several figures of the
drawing.
Dated this Twenty fifth day of November 1887.