Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Mar., 1899-Accepted, 1st July, 1899
11 nas for object to impart torsion or twist to the threats of the Stubb
roving and to regulate the drawing out of the same, with a brake for stopping, and
it is applicable to throstle spinning frames or to any other system of drawing which
serves to draw and spin wool, cotton, silk waste, and all fibrous materials..
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings illustrates the system of tube heretofore
employed.
Figure 2 is a view of the new system of tube with brake for stopping in operative
position.
Figure 2 is a similar view with said brake in inoperative position.
Figure 3 is a top plan view of the parts shown in Figure 2, and
Figure illustrates the improved tubes in their position on the throstle spinning
frame.
Like letters refer to like parts throughout all the figures.
DESCRIPTION.
In throstle spinning frames there have been employed different systems of
apparatus for imparting twist and for regulating the drawing out which is
necessitated by the threads of the slubbing or roving coming from the carding
machine before receiving the twist from the spindles and before being converted
into threads suitable for manufacturing use. All the systems of apparatus which
have been invented for the purpose of fulfilling the object in view, have up to the
present only given very unsatisfactory results. The most generally employed of
these apparatus is that which is known by the term "tube" and is shown in
Figure 1. This part is composed, as indicated by its name, of a small tube of cast
metal pierced throughout from one end to the other and carrying on its periphery a
grooved pulley cast in one with the body of the tube and designed to operate the
latter. Upon the upper part there is formed an incision with a corresponding
groove, for the purpose of facilitating the threading of the yarn through the tube.
At its lower part there is fixed a hook e designed to impart the twist to the thread.
This apparatus is designed to impart the twist to the thread. This apparatus which
is designed to affect a very important operation in the spinning frame, is arranged
between the delivery cylinder a Figure 3 and the drawing cylinder . It has
therefore the object of "whipping" the thread and of imparting to it the necessary
As the thread does not arrive at
twist for producing a regular drawing effect.
the tube either at right angles with the axis of the latter nor in line with said axis,
the thread is engaged at each revolution of the tube d by the notches or incisions j

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and thereof whereby the said thread is "whipped." Since the drawing operation
is produced between two cylinders the twist which is imparted by the tube is
destroyed at the delivery side of the drawing cylinder, as is necessarily the case.
i
MODE OF OPERATION.
During the operation of the spinning frame the tube rotates in its bearing with
a speed which is determined in accordance with the quality and the count of the
thread. The thread is introduced into the upper part of the tube, falls into the
notch or incision, and passes through the tube to the lower part, whence it passes
once round the steel hook e.
For the purpose of obtaining regular threads it is
indispensable that each tube shall take its thread in the same position. This
depends on the skill and the careful attention of the workman. Now the apparatus
as heretofore constructed, has the following defects:
(1) The thread instead of only passing once round the steel hook e, which is
necessary for the proper working of the apparatus, may become engaged two or
three times, or it may even not become engaged at all. In a spinning frame of 200
or 300 spindles in operation, threads are frequently seen which are situated in
different positions in spite of the experience and attention of the workman. This
spinning frame then produces coarse and fine threads, which is a defect that is
very prejudicial to the spinners and which is a sure cause of a faulty manufactured
product.
(2) When the workmen is about to take up a broken thread he introduces into
the interior of the tube that is in motion, a steel hook, for the purpose of seizing
again the thread which has moved upward. By contact with this hook, the inner
surface of the tube becomes damaged. Then the thread passing over a rough
surface loses in quality or breaks frequently. It is therefore necessary to
frequently renew these tubes which becomes burdensome if it is desired to avoid
the production of bad threads and a large quantity of waste.
(3) By contact with the said hook, the steel hook of the tube may become
shifted, and it may impart to the thread a wrong position which may also be the
cause of faults in the thread.
(4) The steel hook e of the tube of small diameter, wears out very rapidly by the
continual rubbing of the thread, and it becomes necessary to replace it often for the
purpose of obtaining and maintaining the proper working. These serious defects
which occur with the "tube" apparatus hereinabove described are an obvious cause
why the throstle spinning frame (which nevertheless offers great advantages) has
not obtained the general application which it deserve. It was therefore a most
important desideratum to provide an apparatus which should work in a satisfactory
manner without for this purpose having recourse to workmen of very great skill.
Our new system of tube (Figure 2) effects the object in view. This new
apparatus consists of a steel tube d pierced from one end to the other. The upper
part is provided with an incision or notch and with a corresponding groove, as
in the tube shown in Figure 1, but modified so as to cause less wear and tear to the
thread, which modification consists in suitably rounding, the edges formed in the
construction shown in Figure 1, whereby the thread may easily travel from one end
to the opposite of said incision. The lower part which is formed in one with the
body of the tube has the shape of a conical point f, in which there is cut a helical
groove of semicircular form in cross-section, and the bottom of which does not
extend to the axis of the piece. So combined, this point is designed to replace the
steel hook e of Figure 1. It is very strong, and is hardened to obviate the wear
caused by the friction of the thread. This point is the principal part of the
apparatus and it is its construction that constitutes the great improvement. The
pulley which is designed to operate the tube is of cast metal, and is affixed to the
latter by means of a screw, in such a manner as to enable (if required) the tube to
be replaced whilst using the pulley over again.
The pressing roller is normally supported on bearings or brackets m as shown
in Figure 2 and press against the drawing cylinder b¹. The casing in which the

page_text: and when
central part and pulley of the tube is housed, carries other brackets
the workman will pass the thread into the "tube," he removes the pressure roller b
from the brackets m to place it upon the. brackets g, in which position said roller
presses against a spring-blade n, carrying a brake-shoe n to apply the latter on
the pulley secured on the "tube" as shown in Figure 2.
The roller by its weight, causes the brake to act upon the flat part of the
grooved pulley of the tube and the latter stops instantly. In order to catch a
broken thread, the workmen introduces his hook into the tube with great ease
without risk of damaging the interior of the latter. The thread which at first is
situated at the top of the tube gets caught in the groove corresponding to the notch,
and being drawn downwards by the hook, the thread becomes compulsorily engaged
in the helical groove f of the point, whence it passes on to the drawing cylinder.
Then the workmen at once replaces the pressure roller b upon the cylinder, and
reconnects the thread to the spindle. This operation is effected with rapidity
and, in spite of the inattention or inexperience, or even the bad will of the
workmen, the thread is compelled to follow the path traced along its way. All
the threads of the spinning frame either on starting or whilst being reconnected
must behave in the same manner, that is to say, they must take up the same
position in the tubes. Consequently all the threads receive absolutely the same
twist during the drawing operation and are all equally uniform or regular.
During the operation of the spinning frame no thread is able to become shifted
from its position which is the same for all by reason of the similarity of the tubes
and of the impossibility for these latter to experience the slightest derangement.
By means of this improved apparatus with which the throstle spinning frame will
be fitted, the spinner has the certainty of obtaining regularity or uniformity of its
threads and the manufacturer is enabled to produce fabrics without faults. These
advantages of the throstle spinning frame added to those already known, will
cause this machine to be adopted universally, and will yield the best results to
the spinners and manufacturers.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
The improvements applied to the so-called "tube" apparatus for the purpose
and in accordance with the principles specified in the present description and with
reference to the accompanying drawings, and characterized by a "tube" carrying
a conical point with a groove of helical shape with an arresting brake, having for
object to guide the thread and to impart to it a constant and regular torsion
during the drawing operation; and applicable to throstle spinning frames or to
any other system of drawing and serving to draw and spin wool, cotton, silk
waste, and all fibrous materials, substantially as hereinbefore described and shown
in the accompanying drawing.
Dated this 3rd day of Varch 1800
ROBERT E. PHILLIPS, Assoc. M.Inst.C.E., M.I.Mech. E.,
Chartered Patent Agent,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Associate Agent.