CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1847

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
LEADBETTER, of Over Darwen, in the County of Lancaster, Brazier, and
WILLIAM PIERCE, of the same Place, Mechanic, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Sixth day of September, in the eleventh year of the reign, and
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-seven, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said James
Leadbetter and William. Pierce, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege
and authority, that we, the said James Leadbetter and William Pierce, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, and such others as we, the said
James Leadbetter and William Pierce, our executors, administrators, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England and Wales,
and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, our Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS;"
in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that we, the said James
Leadbetter and William Pierce, or one of us, shall cause a particular
description of the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be enrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of

page_text: the said in part recited Letters, as in and by the same, reference being there-
unto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Pierce, do hereby declare that the nature of our said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described
and ascertained in and by the Drawings hereto annexed, and the following
explanation thereof (that is to say) :-
Our improvements in machinery or apparatus for raising water or other
fluids apply to pumps constructed upon the reciprocating principle, and
consists, firstly, in the novel and peculiar construction and arrangement of the
working parts of a pump, having two buckets in the interior of the same
working barrel, one of which buckets is caused to descend whilst the other is
ascending, and vice versâ, the rods to which the buckets are attached being
connected together in such a manner that one- bucket counterbalances the
weight of the other.
Secondly, our improvements consists in enlarging the bore of the pump
tree below the working barrel, and placing therein a clack valve, the inside
diameter of which is the same as that of the working barrel, so as to allow
a free ingress for the passage of the water or other fluid to be raised. By
the use of this arrangement, as one of the buckets is always drawing, the
water or other fluid is kept constantly in motion, consequently the bottom
or clack valve is never closed; and the buckets being also made to counter-
balance each other, much less power is required to keep the column of water
or other fluid constantly ascending than is required to set it in motion at
each lift of the bucket, as is the case in ordinary reciprocating pumps, and
a great economy in both time and labor is thereby effected.
Thirdly, our improvements consist in so arranging two working barrels, each
being furnished with a separate rod, having two buckets fixed thereon, and
connecting the working barrels together by a pipe or tube placed about midway
between the two buckets; the rods being connected together at the top, so that
the weight of the bucket and water or other fluid in one barrel counterbalances.
that in the other. Our improvements will be better understood by referring
to the Drawing hereto annexed, and the following explanation thereof:-
Fig. 1 is a section of a pump, shewing the application of the first and second
parts of our improvements. a, a, is the working barrel of the pump; b, b, is the
"wind bore" or receiver; and c, c, the discharging pipe; d and e are two buckets,
the upper one d being attached to the two rods ff, and the lower one e to the
rod g, which works through a bush in the upper bucket d (see Fig. 2), which
is a section of the upper bucket on a larger scale; and Fig. 3, a plan view of the

page_text: same. h, h, are two levers working on the same centre, fixed to the bracket i;
the upper ends are connected by the links k, k, to the rod g of the lower
bucket e, and the lower ends of the same are attached by the links 1, l, to the
cross piece m, to which the rods f, f, of the upper bucket d are fixed, the pin
which connects the two links 1, 1, sliding in a slot in the bracket i, so as to keep
the rods f,f, and g perpendicular. It will be evident, upon referring to the
Drawing, that the upper bucket d is represented as descending whilst the
bucket e is ascending, and that the weight of one bucket counterbalances that
of the other, the clack n being always open.
Fig. 4 is a section of a pump, shewing a modification of the above. The
same description and letters of reference will answer for this Figure as for
Figure 1, except that the tube o is substituted for the rods f,f, the rod g
working within it. Of course it will be evident that these pumps may be
worked either by hand or power, and that the leverage may be applied either
to the links R, as at R¹; or 1, as at l.
Fig. 5 is a section, shewing another modification of the same. Reciprocating
motion is to be given to the rack bar p, (connected to the lower bucket e,) which
will impart an alternating motion to the other bucket d by means of the
pinion and rack r.
9
Fig. 6 is a section of another arrangement of pump, shewing the appli-
cation of the third part of our Invention. a, a, are the two working
barrels; b, 61, the "wind bores;" and c, c, the clack valves; d, d, are the upper
buckets; and e, e¹, are the lower buckets, fixed upon the rods f, f; g is a lever,
having a fixed fulcrum at h, and connected to the rods f,f, by the links i, i¹;
the discharge pipe is shewn-at k. The working barrels a, a', are connected
together by the pipe 1, placed about midway between the top and bottom
buckets when at half stroke. Motive power being applied to the lever g, it is
evident that one pair of buckets will ascend whilst the other is descending,
and vice versâ; and that, as the working barrels a, a', are connected by the
pipe 1, the colum of water in the one barrel will counterbalance that in the
other, and consequently less power will be required to lift any given amount of
water or other fluid.
Having now described the nature and object of our said improvements,
together with the method of carrying the same into practical effect, I would
remark, in conclusion, that we do not claim as our Invention any new form or
construction of bucket, nor do we intend to confine ourselves to the precise
form or arrangement of mechanism shewn in the Drawings for imparting the
alternating motion to the bucket rods, nor for preserving the perpendicular
position of the same; but what we claim as our Invention is,-

page_text: Firstly, the peculiar construction and arrangement of the working parts of a
pump having two buckets working within the same barrel, and so arranged as
to counterbalance each other, and that one bucket shall be caused to ascend
whilst the other is descending.
Secondly, the employment of a bottom or clack valve, the internal diameter
of which is equal to that of the working barrel.
And, thirdly, the method shewn in Fig. 6, of connecting the working barrels
together in such a manner that the weight of the column of water in the one
barrel shall counterbalance that in the other.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Pierce, have hereunto set my 1
hand and seal, this Fourth day of March, One thousand eight hundred
and forty-eight
Inrolled the Sixth day of March, in the year above written.