Looms for Weaving Fabrics.
Year: 1888

page_text: :
Looms for Weaving Fabrics.
I, HERMANN TERFLOTH Manufacturer and Associate of the firm of Franz Heinr,
Bauer Junior of Laer near Muenster, Province of Westphalia Prussia in the Empire
of Germany do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:
:-
4
This invention relates to looms by which woven pattern fabrics may be produced
without employing cards and the said invention particularly refers to what is known
as the Jacquard apparatus.
Looms constructed according to the hereinafter described invention have the needle
board or dividing plate divided into several, and in fact, as many divisions as there are
healds or heddles necessary for the production of the pattern, and each portion of
the needle board or dividing plate carries as many needles as the corresponding heald
or heddle has combs.
The needles are worked by the separated needle boards or dividing plates which are
lifted and depressed by travelling cain or tappet carrying chains which have a reversing
or return motion and also by a cylinder to which a rotative and to and fro motion is
communicated all as hereafter described.
The cam chains determine the pattern for the border and part of the inside piece
and travel backwards and forwards by means of a return movement attached to
the framework in certain patterns however the chains are only caused to travel
forwards.
The invention will be readily understood by the following description having reference
to the accompanying drawings.
IC
Figure 1 shews a front view of so much of a machine constructed according to my
invention as will be necessary to explain same. Figure 2 is a side elevation. Figure 3
is a vertical transverse section on the line of Figure 1. Figure 4 is a vertical transverse
section on the line y y of Fig. 1; Figure 5 shews the cylinder or a portion thereof
detached and in elevation. Figure 6 is a transverse sectional elevation of a portion
of the mechanism detached for shogging the pin wheel and Figure 7 is a sectional

page_text: front elevation of the same parts. Figure 8 shews detached and in front elevation
the needle boards or dividing plates.
A is a
driving lever rocking about the fixed pin or fulcrum A³ best seen af
Figure 2 carried by the frame B; at the front end of this lever there is a
connecting rod a mounted thereon by a pivot pin a' and connected by a fork
and pin at the other end to the knife lever C. The opposite end of the knife
lever C is pivotted on a bracket arm bolted to the opposite side of the framework
of the machine.
The lever A is further connected by a rod a² with a rock lever a³ at the opposite
end of which there is a rod at which carries the one end of a beam D Figs. 1 and 4,
the other end being pivotted at c' in a forked bracket c bolted to the side frame. The
beam D serves as foundation for the lifting wires and is depressed by the above
mentioned connection with the lever A when the knife lever C goes up.
The rock lever A further operates (by a rod a³) an arm E³ which is mounted on a
pivot shaft. E in the framework of the apparatus.
By operating through the lever A the rod a' and arm E¹ the frame E is rocked to
and fro in the directions of the double arrows (Fig. 2). In the upper part of the
frame E is carried the cylinder F which is here five sided and mounted by studs in
journals one of which studs is provided at one end with a hand wheel F¹ and at
the other end with a ratchet wheel F Fig. 2, there is a hooked pawl F³ mounted
on the frame B and taking onto the ratchet wheel F and the to and fro motion given
to the cylinder F and its frame E causes the said cylinder to be actuated in the usual
manner one section of a completed revolution (here one fifth) at a time and the
stoppage of the cylinder is governed in the usual manner, through a spring pressure
rod F Figure 1.
Each face of the cylinder is provided with holes according to the picks required
for the fabrics produced; in the arrangement shewn in the drawing each face of the
cylinder is provided with two rows of holes,e and, el see Figs. 4 and 5, one above
the other. The under row of holes et (when the cylinder moves towards the lifting
wires) is opposite to the ends of those needles which are not lifted.
The needles d consist each of a wire which is bent in the middle to an eye d' and they
are supported in front by the needle boards or dividing plates G, and at the back
by a guide G and the hinder ends of the needles d are bent round in book form
beyond the said guide holes. A spiral spring is carried upon each needled by
which the needle is always helt towards the cylinder.
Through the eyes d' of the needles pass the lifting wires which are bent at their
upper ends somewhat into hook form, and at their lower ends into full hooks, which
take into the upper end of, what I may call lifting blades g, which latter pass through
the beam D and being provided with shoulders rest on same; it is on these lifting
blades that the "shafts" or heddles hang by means of lashings.
The needle boards or dividing plates G consist of as many divisions Figs. 1, 4 and S
(5 being shewn on the drawing) as there are healds or heddles employed for
carrying out the pattern and each of these dividing plates G contain as many
needles (in the drawing 5 are shewn) as the heald or heddle in question has
divisions. The plates G are placed movably beside each other in a cross beam h
of the frame, and a hole is formed in the lower end of each into which the free
ends of lever i enter; these levers are free to rock on a shaft i¹.
Each of the lever arms is provided with a roller or bowl 2 which rests on an
endless chain which latter passes over chain rollers mounted on a shaft. The
chains are arranged according to the pattern to be produced and are provided with
raised tappets, so that when such raised tappet link runs over the roller the
lever arm and the respective needle board or dividing plate is raised. By this
action the needles & carried or governed by the particular needle board or dividing
plate in question are raised so high that their ends come opposite the upper row
of holes of the cylinder F. Those needles d which are opposite to the holes
in the cylinder Fenter therein on the back stroke of the latter, are not
displaced and their respective lifting wires are left to he raised on the next

page_text: following elevation of the knife lever C, whereas the lifting wires of the needles
which do not come opposite to the holes in the cylinder F are pressed back-
wards out of the reach of the knife lever C and sink with the descent. of the
beam D.
The chain rollers receive motion from the cylinder F in the following manner.
Upon the cylinder shaft near the ratchet wheel F2 (Fig. 2) there is a spur
wheel which gears with a larger spur wheel mounted upon a stud pivot on
the frame E. The spur wheel is in gear with spur wheel mounted on
shaft E on which the frame E rocks, the spur wheels k and are of equal
diameter.
l
The shaft E² carries at its opposite end a pivot or pin-wheel (Figs. 1 and 3)
mounted by means of groove and spring so as to be capable of being shogged
backwards and forwards along the shaft E by means hereafter describe !. This pin-
wheel is on each of its opposite faces provided with a pin respectively marked l
and, and these pins are cause:i to goar as hereafter described, with one or the
other of two star wheels m' and m² which are similar to each other in size and shape;
the star wheel m' is keyed on the shaft which carries the chain rollers and
comes opposite one face of the pin wheel 1, and the other star wheel m² comes
opposite the other face of the said pin wheel and is mounted upon a second
parallel shaft o placed at the same height in the frame B as the shaft (Figs. 2,
3, 4, 6 and 7).
Upon the shafts and o respectively are two spur wheels n' and n³ (Figs. 1, 2,
4 and 7) of equal diameter so that the shafts and o will turn in opposite directions
and at the same rate of speed.
The pin-wheel (which rotates at the same speed as the cylinder F) acts upon each
full revolution by its pins l', respectively, on one or other of the star wheels m² or m².
moving same through the space of a cog before the following cog of the star wheel
in question comes into juxtaposition with the faces or of the wheel whereby the
star wheel is retained until after a repeated full revolution of the wheel when the
pins again grip another cog.
For example, if the pin wheel 7 which revolves in the direction of the arrow 1 is in
contact with the star wheel m¹ as shown in Figure 1, the said star wheel m' and with
it the shaft is turned in the direction of the arrow 2 (Fig. 3) and the cam chains 2³
are moved in the direction of the arrow 3.
If the pin wheel is now shogged to the right hand so as to be brought out of
contact with the star wheel m' and into contact with the wheel m², then the latter and
with it the shaft o will be turned round in the direction of the arrow 4 (Fig. 3) and
this by means of the gear wheels nl n² will revolve the shaft in the opposite direction
of the arrow 2 and consequently the chains will receive an opposite motion to that
indicated by the arrow 3.
The shogging motion of the pin-wheel 7 upon the shaft E2 which occurs upon each
alteration of the direction of revolution of the cam chains, is effected by means of a
bell crank lever P Fig. 1 which rocks on a pin p carried by lugs on the framework
the lower forked arm of this bell crank lever embraces the nave of the pin-wheel
and has two side pins which take into a circumferential groove on same.
The upper arm p² of the lever P bears with its end px on a lever g (Figs. 1 and 3)
mounted and rocking on pin gland is provided with roller q' resting on an endless
chain on rotative chain roller 9 held extended by roller q Fig. 3.
The chain is made up of raised and depressed links or what may be called cam
tappet links so that according to what size or shaped link is brought under the
roller q so the lever q and through this the arm p² of the bell crank is raised or
lowered and in consequence thereof the pivot wheel is shogged to the right or
to the left.. To ensure the roller 7 following the variations in size or shape of
the links that is to secure the falling down of the lever q, from a raised chain
link to one of less size for the purpose of causing the swinging towards the
right of the arm p' of the bell crank P, a spring p³ (Fig. 1) is provided, the
one end of which is connected with the frame of the machine and the other end

page_text: by a tension rod
with the said lever arm the spring thus tends to draw
the lever arm p' and with it the pin wheel towards the right.
The chain roller g receives its motion from the shaft E. For this purpose there
is arranged upon the latter, a second wheel (Figs. 1, 6 and 7) mounted by
means of groove and spring and provided with a side projecting pin and pro-
jecting rim or boss, which always after taking up its right or left position is
in or out of gear with a star wheel 77, Figs. 1, 3, 6 and 7) which forms one
piece with the chain roller 7. The shifting of the pin wheel takes place
by means of a bell crank lever S (Fig. 7) an arui of which grasps the nave of the
wheel and the other arm is connected by a rod with a levert, (Fig. 6). The
lever turns on a pin in the frame of the machine and is provided with a roller t²
by means of which it is supported by an endless chain 3, that runs over a chain
roller fastened on the shaft . The chain 3 is provided with tappet cam links
in the same manner as the chains 3 so that when such cam links run
over the
roller the levert and through this the lever arms of the bell crank S is raised
and in consequence the other arm thereof is pushed towards the left and shogs
the pin wheel into gearing with the star wheel 77, as shown in Fig. 1 and then
the revolving motion of the shaft E2 will be transferred to the chain q³.
When a cam or tappet link of the chain has passed by the 'roller 2 of the
lever t, the said roller falls down upon the lower link of the chain to, this being
ensured by means of the weight suspended to the lever t, Fig. 6, the pin
wheel is thus pushed towards the right, and so brought out of contact with the
star wheel g
The pin-wheel is shewn in end view at Figure 7 and this wheel has a continuous
rotary motion but so long as the star wheel 9 occupies the position shewn at
Figure 7 that is whilst a tooth of the star wheel is in contact with the continuous
portion of the projecting boss 22 of the pin wheel, it (the star wheel) will be held
stationary and the pin will pass by the said star wheel without coming into gear
therewith.
The working of the described reversing motion is as follows. Let it be supposed.
that upon the chain roller 7 and under the roller g of the lever there is a cam
shaped link of the chain 3, which is for example of larger size than the ordinary
links so that the pin wheel is in gearing with the star wheel m' of the shaft i*.
Upon the chain roller and under the the roller 2 of the levert there is say an
ordinary link of the chain t³, so that the pin wheel is out of gear with the star wheel q'
of the chain roller 7. In this case the pattern or cam tappet chains will (by the
action of the pin wheel and of the star wheel m¹) be set revolving in the direction of
the arrow 2 Fig. 3 (towards the left) and also the chain (3 revolves in the same
direction the chain 3 on the other hand stands still. The chain 3 is so arranged that,
shortly before the said pattern chains change their direction of revolution, a raised
or cam link 5 of the chain 3 comes under the roller 2 of the lever t, and as a
consequence the pin-wheel comes into gear with the star wheel and the latter
turns a cog further so that a lower link of the chain 3 comes to lie under the roller g²
of the lever q and by the bell crank lever P the pin-wheel is pushed towards the
right and comes into gear with the star wheel m², so that now the pattern chains 3
are made to revolve in the opposite direction (towards the right). This is also the
case with the chain 3 the raised link to of which now again slips off the roller t² of
the levert whereby the pin wheel is again pushed towards the right and brought out
of gear with the star wheel ', so that now the chain again stands still and the
wheel remains in contact with the star-wheel m². So soon as another raised link of
the chain comes under the roller of the lever t the pin-wheel comes into gear with
the star-wheel and when a raised link of the chain q³ is again brought under the
roller of the lever 7 the wheel comes into gearing with the star-wheel m³ and
the chains will again revolve in the opposite direction (towards the left. This action
repeats itself.
?'
I would remark in conclusion that when in the fabric to be produced more than two
sets of warps with their respective wefts are employed more rows of holes are necessary
.

page_text: in the cylinder, and also the pattern chain 3 must contain a similar number of chain
links of different heights.
Also two or more series of needle-boards or dividing-plates can be arranged one
over the other so as to work with a number of heddles."
"
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. In looms, the cylinder F having a to and fro and rotating motion, the needle
boards or dividing plates G operated from tappet chains as described, the needles d
lifting wires with lifting blades y, beam D, knife lever c, together with mechanism
connected and actuating the various parts by means of which without the employment
of cards, woven pattern textures may be produced, all substantially as hereinbefore
described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Second. In looms as claimed in claim 1 the arrangement of reversing motion
actuated as described from the cylinder and causing the tappet-chains operating
the needle-boards or dividing plates to receive reverse motions all substantially as
described and illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 24th day of December 1888
H. TERFLOTH.
By Brewer & Son,,
33, Chancery Lane, London,
Patent Agents.