Improvements in Pumps.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Dec., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 11th Aug., 1893-Accepted, 16th Sept., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pumps.
I, REGINALD ALFRED BARKER of Hayle Mill Cottages, Tovil in the County
of Kent, Paper Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows
This invention relates to that class of pumps in which the substance to be moved
is raised by air pressure in contradistinction to that class of pumps in which the
substance comes into direct contact with the piston or plunger.
For convenience the nature of the invention is hereinafter described with
reference to a form of apparatus having one air and two side or pumping cylinders,
although the invention is not confined to this exact number or arrangement.
The main or air cylinder is provided with a double acting piston adapted while
drawing the air from the top of one of the side or pumping cylinders to deliver air
under pressure to the top of the second side or pumping cylinder, both of which
latter cylinders are provided with inlet and discharge valves which may conveniently
be formed of balls made of, or covered with a material which will not injuriously
affect or be affected by the substance to be pumped. The top of each cylinder is
provided with a float valve which will rise and close the air pipe to the main
cylinder should the pumping cylinder become full of the substance being raised.
Opening into the air pipes at points between the main and pumping cylinders are
air valves which are capable of being set so as to allow any desired quantity of air
to be delivered to the main cylinder, and thus regulate the amount of vacuum
alternately exerted in the pumping cylinders.
With this form of apparatus the operation is as follows:-As the piston rises in
the main cylinder a more or less complete vacuum is formed in one of the pumping
cylinders, with the result that the substance to be raised is caused by atmospheric
pressure to enter said cylinder through the supply valve, while as the piston
descends the air pressure on top of said substance forces it out through the delivery
valve. When pressure is being exerted in one pumping cylinder a partial vacuum
is operating in the other, and so on alternately.
It will be noticed that this construction of pump is particularly well adapted for
use where the substance to be raised is somewhat thick and consequently liable to
clog any moving part with which it might come in contact, as also for raising
substances likely to be injured by coming in contact with a moving piston, such for
instance as the pulp in paper manufacture.
Dated this 27th day of December 1892.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE, Fel. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
55 & 56. Chancery Lane, London. Applicant's Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pumps.
I, REGINALD ALFRED BARKER of Hayle Mill Cottages, Tovil, in the County
of Kent, Paper Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to that class of pumps in which the substance to be moved
is raised by air pressure in contradistinction to that class of pumps in which the
5 substance comes into direct contact with the piston or plunger. For convenience
the nature of the invention is hereinafter described with reference to a form of

page_text: apparatus having one main or air and two side or pumping cylinders, although the
invention is not confined to this exact number or arrangement.
In the accompanying drawings illustrating an apparatus as above described
Fig. 1 is a side sectional elevation of the pump on the line w-w Fig. 2.
Fig. 2 is a sectional plan on the lines - Figs. 1 and 4.
Fig. 3 is a plan of the cylinder looking from below same.
Fig. 4 is an elevation (partly in section) of the pumping cylinders.
Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation on an enlarged scale of the delivery box.
Fig. 6 is a plan on line y-y Fig. 5, and
Fig. 7 is a plan of the main cylinder on line z-z Fig. 1.
い
The main or air cylinder a is mounted on a suitable base 1 and supports the side
or pumping cylinders b, c, by means of its flanges 2, 3, to which corresponding
flanges 4, 5, on the pumping cylinders fit, the flanges being bolted or otherwise
secured together. The main cylinder contains a piston 6, the rod 7 of which is
operated by a sliding cross head 8 from the crank shaft 9 or in any suitable way.
Opening into the lower end of the cylinder 1 below the piston is an air passage
and into the upper part above the piston is a similar passage c¹, each passage
respectively communicates with the top of one of the pumping cylinders bc by
means of the pipes bc as shown in Figure 2. The passages b¹c' also communicate
with relief pipes & c³ which are provided with cocks 10 Fig. 1, which are normally
closed but which may be opened when desired. Each pumping cylinder consists of
an upper glass portion 11 and a lower metal portion 12 which are secured together
by the flanges 13 and 14, the latter being a loose flanged ring which compresses a
rubber gasket 15 when the flanges are bolted together. At the bottom of each
cylinder is an inlet valve consisting of an opening on which is seated on a flanged
rubber ring 16 a ball 17, said ring 16 being held in place by a metal ring 18
provided with the vertical guiding ribs 19, the ring being screwed to the bottom of
the cylinder.
The openings of the valves communicate with a suction pipe 20. In each
cylinder bc is a float 21 which may be of wood or cork but which I preferably
make in the form of an air tight sheet metal vessel as shown. The float 21 carries
a guide rod 22 and a disc 23 of rubber or other suitable material which serves to
close the valve openings 24 when the disc rises to its seat. A ring 25 adjustably
secured to the rod 22 by a screw serves to limit the amount of opening of the valve.
The guide rod 22 works in a guiding recess in the cap or head 26, such head being
held in place by means of the arm 27 pivoted to the upright 28 at one end and held
in a notch in the upright 29 at the other, said arm 27 carrying an adjusting
screw 30 which bears on the top of the head 26 and holds it in place on the
casting 31, which together with the flange ring 32 and rubber gasket 33 are the
parts attached to the upper part of the glass cylinder 11.
Opening into the bottom of each cylinder but in the side of same are respectively
delivery pipes which are cast with the cylinders 12 and are connected
respectively with the pipes 6c which pass to the delivery box 34. These pipes
open upwardly into the box but have openings into them which are closed by the
plate 35 which has its interior face partly covered by rubber 36 and is secured to
the pipes by means of a central thumb screw 37 so that the plate can be readily
removed when it is desired to clean the pipes. The box 34 contains the valves
which consist of balls 38 seated on the openings on rubber rings 39 which are held
down by metal rings 40 provided with the vertical guiding ribs 41, the rings 40
being screwed to the bottom of the casing 34. The cover of the box 34 carries a
flange 42 for the delivery pipe and is provided with rubber 43 on its interior face,
it being held in place by means of the pivotally hung screws 44 which pass through
slots in ears or lugs 45 and are held thereto by thumb screws 46. On the cap or
head 26 of each pumping cylinder is placed an air inlet valve 47 for the purpose of
allowing a regulated quantity of air to enter the cylinder and passages so as to
control the amount of vacuum in the cylinders and consequently the height to
which they will be filled at each stroke of the piston with the liquid or material

page_text: being pumped. The valve has an air inlet passage 48 up which the air passes
through a valve 49 (the lift of which is adjusted by a screw 50) and down a
passage 51 into the passage in the head 26. For the purpose of enabling the main
cylinder and parts carried thereby to be turned around after the standard 1 has
been secured in a position favorable for driving the crank shaft, the under side of
the cylinder is provided with a circular dovetailed groove 52 with which engage
bolts 53 the ends of which are similarly shaped and which are provided with nuts
for securing the cylinder to the standard. The object is to enable the cylinders to
be adjusted to the piping without too much unnecessary bending of the latter.
The operation of the pump is as follows:-As the piston descends it draws the
air through passages c¹ and c and through the valve openings 24, thus exhausting
the pumping cylinder c causing the liquid or substance being pumped to enter
through the inlet valve 17 from the pipe 20 until it reaches the float 21 when the
latter will rise and cause the valve 23 to close the openings 24 so that no more air
is exhausted. At the same time the lower side of the piston is forcing the air
before it through the passage b¹ (see Fig. 7) up said passage to the passage b' from
thence through the valve openings 24 into the pumping cylinder 6 which must be
supposed to be full of the liquid or substance being pumped. This is therefore
forced out by the air pressure through the delivery pipes 6 and 65 to the delivery
box 34 which it enters after raising the ball valve 38 and leaves by the delivery
pipe connected to the cover of same. Upon the return stroke of the piston the
operation is reversed the pumping cylinder b filling by its inlet valve, and the
pumping cylinder c emptying by way of the pipes cand delivery box.
It will be observed that this construction of pump is particularly well adapted
for use where the substance to be raised is somewhat thick and consequently liable
to clog any moving part with which it might come in contact, as also for raising
substances likely to be injured by coming in contact with a moving piston such for
instance as the pulp in paper manufacture.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a pump a pumping cylinder containing a float, a valve operated thereby to
control the admission or exhaust of air and suitable inlet and discharge openings
substantially as described.
2. In a pump, a main or air cylinder adapted for forcing or exhausting air, and
pumping cylinders connected thereto provided with float valves for controlling the
admission or exhaust of air and suitable inlet and discharge openings, substantially
as described.
3. In a pump of the class described in the foregoing claim a delivery box
connected to the pumping cylinder provided with the ball valves substantially as
described.
4. The improvements in pumps substantially as described and illustrated.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Chartered Patent Agent for the Applicant.