Improvements in Boilers.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 31st May, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 28th Feb., 1894-Accepted, 12th May, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Boilers.
We, WILLIAM CORMACK and JAMES CORMACK Junior of the Firm of James
Cormack & Sons Manufacturers, 36 Abercorn Street, Glasgow, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
--
This invention relates to boilers adapted either for heating water or raising steam
and mainly intended for use in heating buildings.
The improved boiler is composed of water tubes built or arranged in series so that
their heating surfaces constitute in the main the combustion chamber and flues
through which the fire gases of a furnace are led. A horizontal water tube is
situated on each side of the fire grate and to this tube a series of smaller tubes are
connected and led up vertically to form the sides of the combustion chamber thence
horizontally or approximately so over the fire to form the crown of this chamber
and thence vertically upwards and back horizontally to a larger horizontal tube on
each side to which the tubes thus bent or coiled are connected the space between
the horizontal portions of the coiled tubes constituting a flue transversely of the
tubes.
The two series of tubes where they cross or lie parallel to each other at the
crown of the furnace and top and bottom of the flue are in close contact so as to
form a practically solid wall whilst spaces corresponding to the diameter of the bent
tubes are left between the tubes where they rise vertically and they are all enclosed
in brickwork or masonry or within a metallic or other casing so constructed that the
fire gases rising from the grate impinge upon the tubes or upon refractory material used
to protect the tubes from the direct heat of the fire, pass along to the end of the
combustion chamber where they are led upwards and return through the flue formed
by the coiled tubes, the gases also passing out through the spaces left between the
tubes and parting with their heat to the outer surface of the tubes on their way to the
chimney with which the flue is connected.
By suitably partitioning or baffling flue spaces formed between the bent tubes and
the enclosing casing the fire gases may be led by devious courses around the tubes
either before or after passing through the flue or flues formed by the tubes. The
upper horizontal tubes are connected to the flow pipes and the lower horizontal
tubes to the return pipes of the heating system.
Dated this 30th day of May 1893.
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Boilers.
We, WILLIAM CORMACK and JAMES CORMACK, Junior, of the Firm of
James Cormack & Sons, Manufacturers, 36 Abercorn Street, Glasgow, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to boilers adapted either for heating water or raising steam
and mainly intended for use in heating buildings.
As illustrated in vertical section by Figure 1 and in horizontal section on the

page_text: line a, b, by Figure 2 the improved boiler is composed of water tubes built or arranged
in series so that their heating surfaces constitute in the main the combustion
chamber and flues through which the fire gases of a furnace are led.
In carrying out the invention a horizontal water tube A is situated on each side
of the fire grate B and to this tube a series of smaller tubes C are connected and
led up vertically to form the sides of the combustion chamber D thence horizontally
or approximately so over the fire to form the crown of this chamber and thence
vertically upwards and back horizontally to a larger horizontal tube on each side to
which the tubes C thus bent or coiled are connected, the space between the
horizontal portions of the coiled tubes constituting a flue E transversely of the
tubes, or as shewn on the drawings the tubes may be bent so as to form a second
flue F before they are connected to a horizontal water tube G. The two series of
tubes where they cross or lie parallel to each other at the crown of the furnace
and top and bottom of the flue are in close contact so as to form a practically solid
wall whilst spaces corresponding to the diameter of the bent tubes are left between
the tubes where they rise vertically thus permitting of the free passage of the fire
gases around the tubes C.
The whole apparatus is enclosed in brickwork or masonry H or within a metallic
or other casing so constructed that the fire gases rising from the grate impinge upon
the tubes or upon refractory material with which the combustion chamber D may
be lined in order to protect the tubes from the direct heat of the fire, pass along to
the end of the combustion chamber D where they are led upwards by means of a
vertical flue 1, and return through the flue E formed by the coiled tubes C, the
gases also passing out through the spaces left between the tubes and parting with
their heat to the outer surfaces of the tubes thence upwards through another
vertical flue J and back through the flue F formed by the tubes C on their way to
the chimney with which the flue F is connected.
By suitably partitioning or baffling flue spaces formed between the bent tubes
and the enclosing casing the fire gases may be led by devious courses around the
tubes either before or after passing through the flue or flues formed by the tubes.
The upper horizontal tubes G are connected to the flow pipes and the lower
horizontal tubes A to the return pipes of the heating system.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
--
A boiler for water heating or steam raising purposes composed of water tubes so
built or arranged that their heating surfaces constitute the combustion chamber and
flues for the passage of the fire gases substantially as described.
Dated this 27th day of February 1894.
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents.