Improvements in Bottle Making Machines.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Jan., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 24th Oct., 1893-Accepted, 25th Nov., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bottle Making Machines.
A communication from JOHN P. WHITNEY, of 227, South Front Street,
Philadelphia, U.S.A.
I, CHARLES BROOK DOBSON of 72 West Cromwell Road, South Kensington,
in the County of Middlesex, Barrister, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the class of machines set forth in
British Letters Patent Nos. 147278 343487 and 75607 the improvements relating
to the mechanism for reversing and cooling the moulds.
Machines of this class consist essentially of suitable frame. work carrying a
divided mould which forms the greater part of the bottle. There is also a smaller
mould which receives the molten glass at first and is then turned over and supplies
the glass from which the bottle is formed. Hitherto a lever arrangement has been
adopted for turning over this mould, but I find by attaching it to a suitable frame
work conveniently in the form of a wheel a handy and more useful apparatus than
with the old arrangement can be produced. This wheel or frame may carry the
lever and all necessary fittings for opening and generally operating this portion of
the moulds.
Experience has shown that if machines of this class are run to their full power,
some of the moulds become over-heated and delay occurs before the machine can
be used again; this loss of time may however be saved and the machine be worked
at its highest speed by arranging jets of a suitable cooling fluid, preferably air
which play upon the moulds when they are open and thus cool them and keep
then constantly in working order, while the machine is in use.
The machine comprising these improvements would consist substantially of a
frame work carrying the bottle forming moulds preferably in halves and suitable
mechanisin for opening and closing them, which for the most part would be of the
kind set forth in the above mentioned Specifications. The glass receiving mould,
which may also be employed for forming the neck or upper portion of the bottle,
would however be placed upon the wheel or rotatable frame work above described
and would be arranged to be opened out thereon and receive the jets of cold air in
the manner préviously described, these latter features not appearing in the
previous Specifications. .
The mechanism for operating the upper mould, usually known as a Parrison
mould, may conveniently consist of an arrangement of pivotted links connected
with the mould and with the wheel or frame work and with a lever thereon which
may be used for operating this portion of the mechanism. The air jet apparatus
may consist of a suitable pipe branched and carrying jets or nozzles placed at a
suitable inclination to properly direct the jets; or separate pipes or nozzles may be
employed.
The lever mechanism for operating the main portions of the moulds may be
pivotted upon the frame work and connected by suitable links or couplings with
the two parts of the moulds, which are pivotted upon a supporting column pivotted
to the frame work and adapted to be operated by a foot pedal, the mechanism for
opening and closing them being conveniently operated by hand and the con-
nections being adjustable.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bottle Making Machines.
A communication from JOHN P. WHITNEY, of 227, South Front Street,
Philadelphia, U.S.A.
I CHARLES BROOK DOBSON of 72 West Cromwell Road, South Kensington,
in the County of Middlesex, Barrister, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in the class of machines set forth in
British Letters Patent No. 147278 343487 and 756087 the improvements relating
to the mechanism for reversing and cooling the moulds.
Machines of this class consist essentially of suitable frame work carrying a
divided mould which forms the greater part of the bottle. There is also a smaller
mould which receives the molten glass at first and is then turned over and supplies
the glass from which the bottle is formed. Hitherto a lever arrangement has
been adopted for turning over this mould, but I find by attaching it to a suitable
frame work conveniently in the form of a wheel a handy and more useful apparatus
than the old arrangement can be produced. This wheel or frame may carry the
lever and all necessary fittings for opening and generally operating this portion
of the moulds.
Experience has shown that if machines of this class are run to their full power,
some of the moulds become over-heated and delay occurs before the machine can
be used again; this loss of time may however be saved and the machine be worked
at its highest speed by arranging jets of a suitable cooling fluid, preferably air
which play upon the moulds when they are open and thus cool them and keep
them constantly in working order, while the machine is in use.
The machine comprising these improvements would consist substantially of a
frame work carrying the bottle forming moulds preferably in halves and suitable
mechanism for opening and closing them, which for the most part would be of the
kind set forth in the above mentioned Specifications. The glass receiving mould,
which may also be employed for forming the neck or upper portion of the bottle,
would however be placed upon the wheel or rotatable frame work above described
and would be arranged to be opened out thereon and receive the jets of cold air
in the manner previously described, these latter features not appearing in the
previous Specifications.
The mechanism for operating the upper mould, usually known as a Parrison mould
may conveniently consist of an arrangement of pivotted links connected with the
mould and with the wheel or frame work and with a lever thereon which may be
used for operating this portion of the mechanism. The air jet apparatus may
consist of a suitable pipe branched and carrying jets or nozzles placed at a suitable
inclination to properly direct the jets; or separate pipes or nozzles may be
employed. The lever mechanism for operating the main portions of the moulds
may be pivotted upon the frame work and connected by suitable links or couplings
with the two parts of the moulds which are pivotted upon a supporting column
pirotted to the frame work and adapted to be operated by a foot pedal, the
mechanism for opening and closing them being conveniently operated by hand and
the connections being adjustable.
In the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the machine shown in the position which it
occupies when receiving molten glass from the gathering rod of the operator.
Fig. 2 is a view partly in side elevation and partly in vertical section showing
the machine in the same position as that in which it is shown in Fig. 1.
Figs. 3 & 4 are respectively front and side elevations of the machine as
arranged when a bottle is being blown.

page_text: Fig. 5 is a front view of the upper part of the machine partly broken away with
a completed bottle ready for removal from the machine.
Fig. 6 is a plan of the expansible neck mould and-
Fig. 7 is a vertical section showing the application of this neck mould to the
adjacent part of the transverse air chamber.
Figs. 6 & 7 are drawn to a larger scale than that to which Figs. 1 to 5 are
drawn.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
A is the standard or main frame of the machine which at its upper part is
formed with a bearing A¹ for supporting the back end of the hollow shaft B of the
circular frame or wheel B'. This shaft is provided with a gland and stuffing
box B² so as to enable it to be rotated upon the non-rotating air supply tube C
without leakage. The air supply tube C is provided with a cock C' or equivalent
for allowing the operator to regulate the supply of compressed air for blowing the
bottles.
At its front end the hollow shaft B connects with the transverse air chamber B'
through which extends the rod D which throughout part of its length has a
central air passage D' connected by a lateral branch opening D' with the interior
of the air chamber B*. At one end the rod D is provided with a head D³ between
which and the plug B closing the adjacent end of the chamber B³ is located a
spring D the tendency of which is always to move the head D' farther away
from D. B is a stop projecting from the back of the frame or wheel B' and
which in conjunction with the set screws B' mounted in lugs projecting from the
face of the standard or frame A serves to limit the extent to which the frame B¹
and the parts carried thereby can be rotated in a horizontal plane.
At its opposite end the chamber B³ is provided with the expansible neck
mould E, the two movable jaws of which, as shown clearly in Fig. 6 are pivotted
on pins or studs E' carried by a bracket E' mounted rigidly on the frame or
wheel B¹ and on each of which jaws acts the inner end of a spring E' the outer
end of which abuts against a lug E' formed on the bracket E. On the same end
of the chamber B' as that to which the neck mould E is applied is also secured a
bracket E' on the forward end of which is pivotally mounted a hand lever E' &
transverse projection E' of which acts between the two forward ends of the mould
jaws E in such manner that when the projection E' occupies the position shown
in full lines in Fig. 6, the jaws E will be closely pressed together by means of
their springs E³, but when the lever handle E and projection E' are turned from
this position to an extent of 45° then the jaws E will be forced apart into the
position in which they are shown in dotted lines in Fig. 6; the jaws E are forced
apart into this last mentioned position when it is desired to remove a completed
bottle from the machine.
Each end of the chamber B³, though not so shown in the accompanying drawings
may be provided with a suitable gland and stuffing box for preventing the escape
of air around rod D, the perforated end of which as shown in Fig. 7 when in its
normal position is preferably flush with the extreme end of the casting of the
metal of the chamber B' which at this end may be suitably shaped so as to round
off the inner edge of the mouth of the bottle.
On the frame or wheel B' are mounted on the same pivot F the two levers F¹
after the manner of a pair of tongs. Each of these levers F' is provided with a
flanged end F to which is secured one part of the Parrison mould G, one part of
which is provided with projections G₁ for fitting into recesses G formed in the
other part so that the two will fit accurately together in the usual manner. At
one end, the mould G is formed with an outwardly flared mouth through which
the molten glass enters and at the other end it is formed so as to fit tightly against
the adjacent end of the chamber B. The free ends of the levers F1 are
connected by links F with a hand lever F pivotted to the circular frame or
wheel B' at the point F so that when the lever F is moved from the position
shown in Fig. 1 relatively to the wheel or frame B' nearer to the shaft B then the.

page_text: two parts of the mould G will be moved outwards from each other in the manner
shown in an inverted position in Figs. 3, 4 & 5, and vice versa when the lever F
is moved outwards from the shaft B then the two parts of the mould G are close
together in the manner shown in Figs. 1. & 2. Fig. 6 is a segmental bar secured
to the frame or wheel B' and which by acting in conjunction with a stud F
secured to the lever F' serves by friction to retain the lever F in either of its
two positions.
His a standard pivotally mounted in a bracket H' secured to the base plate A'
of the standard or frame A. At the upper part of the standard H is provided a
head or plate H' on which is mounted the bracket plate I preferably in such
manner as by set screws l' and bolts l' as to enable the bracket plate I to be
rigidly secured at any desired distance from H. To this bracket plate I are
pivotted the two plates J which, when close together, in the manner shown in
Figs. 3 and 4 constitute virtually one horizontal plate. On each of the plates J
is rigidly mounted of the bottle mould K of any desired shape according to the
shape of bottle it is desired to produce in the machine. On the plate I is provided
a socket which receives the stem 1' of the plate or disc I' upon which the
bottom of the bottle is formed. This disc I is preferably of conical form as
shown in Fig. 1 and is received in correspondingly shaped semicircular recesses in
the plates J so that when the two parts K and plates J are close together in the
manner shown in Figs. 3 & 4 the bottom of the bottle mould is closed by the
dise I' and the parts K fitting themselves close together at their meeting edges
prevent any escape of the molten glass or formation of "fins" when blown into
the mould. At the back of the plate I is provided the bracket L on each
upturned end of which is pivotted the back end of a lever L' the front ends of
these levers L' being connected together by a bolt or equivalent L' which passes
through a preferably wooden handle L' and also has mounted upon it the upper or
bifurcated end of a forked bar L, the lower end of which is provided with a
shoulder L' shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2, which is adapted to engage with the
upturned end of a bracket Le rigidly secured to the floor; the lower end of the
rod L is adapted to pass into an opening L' in the floor when not in its operative
position. The levers L' are each coupled to one of the mould parts K by means
of a link L which is preferably formed in two parts adjustably connected together
by a right and left handed screwed nut L' so that the effective length of the link
may be adjusted according to requirements. The upper end of each of the
links L is connected to the appropriate mould part K by means of a bracket K¹
rigidly secured to such mould part. At the back of the standard H are provided
bearings Hin which a rod M is capable of moving in the direction of its length.
On the upper end of the rod M is rigidly secured the "patting" plate M' and at
its lower end the rod M is connected by a link M' to the back end of the foot
lever M which is pivotted in the bracket H' preferably co-axially with the pivot
of H. At its front end the lever M' is provided with a foot plate M and has
attached to it one end of a spring M, the other end of which is secured to the
standard H as shown in Figs. 1 to 4. To the back of the standard H is pivotted a
preferably forked rod N which projects through the fixed standard or frame A as
shown clearly in Fig. 2 and at its back is provided with a spring N' which absorbs
the shock due to the sudden stoppage of the standard H when moved from its
vertical position shown in Fig. 4 to its forward or inclined position shown in Fig. 2.
His a handle rigidly secured to the upper end of the standard H say to the
plate H' thereof so as to enable the operator, by grasping this handle to move the
standard H and its directly connected parts backwards and forwards as herein
explained. O is a pipe, O a cock mounted thereon and O' branches connected
therewith for delivering compressed air on to the separated parts of the Parrison
mould when they are apart and turned downwards as shown in Figs. 3, 4 & 5.
P is a forked standard in the bifurcated end of which the operator rests the
gathering rod at the time of allowing the molten glass to fall from it into the
Parrison mould G.

page_text: The operation of the before described machine is as follows;--
The machine is first adjusted to the positions shown in Figs. 1 & 2, that is to say,
the Parrison mould G is closed and turned upwards, the bottle mould K is open
and leans forward. The operator after collecting on the gathering rod the required
amount of molten glass from the furnace rests said gathering rod on the forked
standard P so that the molten glass will fall from the gathering rod into the
Parrison mould G. As soon as it is considered that sufficient molten glass has thus
been allowed to fall into the Parrison mould G the gathering rod may be removed
and the operator will then press down the forward end of the lever M³ which
through the link M2 will raise the rod M and "patting" plate M' so as to force up
the then downwardly projecting rod D against the action of its spring D, the
result of this operation being that a central recess or depression is formed in the
molten glass then within the mould G. The operator then removes his foot from
the lever M and the frame or wheel B' is then turned in the direction indicated by.
the arrow in Fig. 1 to an extent of 180° so as to present the Parrison mould down-
wards. The operator then again raises the "patting" plate M₁ in the manner
before described and thereafter pulls down the lever F so as to open the mould G
in the manner shown in Figs. 3, 4 & 5, the bottom part of the molten glass then
being supported upon the "patting" plate and the upper or neck portion being
retained in position by the jaws E which, by being undercut in the manner clearly
shown in Fig. 7 for the time being prevent said mass from becoming detached from
the end of the compressed air chamber B³.
The operator then by means of the handle H tilts the standard H and its
directly connected parts from the position shown in Fig. 2 to that shown in Fig. 4
and immediately thereafter raises the handle L³ so as to enclose the molten mass of
glass within the mould K at which operation the lower end of rod L* engages with
the branch L' as shown in Fig. 4 and retains the two parts of the mould K in their
closed position. The operator at this stage or immediately before the tilting back-
wards of H removes his foot from the lever M³ so that the "patting" plate M' will
be lowered into its original position. The operator then opens the cock C¹ to the
required extent and the compressed air passing through the hollow B and into the
chamber B passes through the passage or passages D D' into the central recess or
hollow previously formed by the rod D in the molten metal the blast of air being
continued as long as it may be found necessary for properly blowing the bottle in
the mould K. When this result has been obtained the cock C¹ is closed and when
the bottle is considered to have "set" the rod L is moved inwards towards the
machine so that its shoulder L' becomes disengaged from L' and allows the two
parts K of the bottle mould to move apart, after which by means of the handle H*
the standard H and its directly connected parts are moved forward into the position
shown in Figs. 1 & 2. The completed bottle now being suspended by its neck
from the jaws E from which it may be removed by turning the lever E at right
angles to the position in which it is shown in Figs. 1, 3 & 5 as hereinbefore
particularly described with reference to Fig. 6.
The cock O' may be then opened so as to allow streams of cold air to be delivered
directly on to the two parts of the Parrison mould G which are still in the position
shown in Figs. 3, 1 & 5 these parts being thereby prevented from becoming too hot
by continued use. The before described machine may be modified without .
departing from the essential features of this invention..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a bottle making machine the combination with a "Parrison" mould such
as G of a circular frame or wheel such as B₁ substantially as described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. In a bottle making machine the combination with a "Parrison" mould such
as G and circular frame or wheel such as B' of tong-like levers such as F¹ links F³

page_text: and hand lever F* substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
3. In a bottle making machine the employment of jets of air or equivalent fluid
for cooling the glass receiving mould.
4. In a bottle making machine the combination with a "Parrison" mould such
as G of jet nozzles such as O' substantially as and for the purpose described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
5. In a bottle making machine the combination with a "Parrison" mould such
as G and circular frame or wheel such as B' on which it is mounted of jet nozzles
such as substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
6. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete bottle
making machine substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
C. B. DOBSON.
W. P. Thompson & Boult,
Agents for the Applicant.
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