Method of and Apparatus for Heating.
Year: 1893

page_text: The decision of the Comptroller-General, of the 10th day of December 1894,
allowed, under Section 18 of the Patents, &c. Act, 1883, an Amendment of
this Specification.
Date of Application, 10th Feb., 1893
Con plete Specification Left, 10th Nov., 1893-Accepted, 16th Dec., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A Method of and Apparatus for Heating.
We, JOHN TROUGHTON GRINDROD, of Richmond Park Villa, Heswall, in
the County of Cheshire, Gentleman, and JESSE HOLT, of 3 Mornington Villas,
Wanstead Park, in the County of Essex, Malt Vinegar Brewer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to a method of and apparatus for heating, by which certain
advantages are obtained.
In our invention we employ a stove having a vertical partition or septum dividing
the interior of the stove into two chambers. The said partition does not extend to
the bottom of the stove, so that at this part the two chambers communicate with
one another. The said chambers open at the top into a common flue, or each into
a separate flue. At this point, that is to say at the point where the said chambers
open into the flue or flues, we place two valves or dampers each of which serves to
We may
cut off communication when desired between its chamber and the flue.
line the bottom of the stove with fire-clay or the like and when desired we may
similarly line a part or parts of the said chambers. The said chambers are provided
with a door for the insertion of fuel and for the admission of air, or with two separate
doors, one for the insertion of fuel and the other for the admission of air. One or
both of the said chambers may be provided with an ash door. With this invention
the employment of fire bars is unnecessary.
The action of our invention is as follows: Let us assume that fuel has been
placed on the bottom of the stove, that the damper of one of the chambers,
hereinafter called chamber A, has been closed and its door or doors opened; and
that in the other chamber, hereinafter called chamber B, the doors have been closed
and the damper opened. The fuel may now be ignited in any of the usual ways at
its surface in the chamber A. Air will enter by this chamber to support com-
bustion, will pass downwards through the fuel, and the products of combustion will
rise through the chamber B to the flue. If now we close the door or doors of
chamber A and open its damper, whilst at the same time we open the air door in
chamber B and close its damper, it will be obvious that we can reverse the action
of the stove, or in other words, reverse the direction of the current of air and of
the products of combustion.
Such a form of stove is very advantageous for use in heating two rooms or com-
When such a stove is
partments separated from one another by a partition wall.
placed in an opening in the said partition wall, or built into the same, it is obvious
that either of the two rooms or compartments may be heated at will. Thus for
example, if it is desired to heat one of the said rooms (we shall hereinafter term
the room or compartment in which chamber A of the stove is room A; and under

page_text: the term room B we shall speak of that room or compartment in which chamber B
of the stove is) say room B, to a higher temperature than the other, say room A,
then the damper in stove chamber B will be opened and its door or doors closed,
whilst in room A the damper will be closed and the air door opened. Room A, it will
be obvious, will be only slightly heated if at all, whereas in room B, the temperature
will be raised to the desired degree.
This method of heating two contiguous rooms or compartments will be found
much more economical than the old plan of having separate stoves or fire places in
each room.
We have herein before described our stove in its reversible form, but our invention
is applicable also to stoves which are not reversible in their action. In such a form
we only provide one of the chambers with a fuel and or air door.
In either form,
one ash door generally suffices.
When desired, we may make our stoves portable, as for example by mounting
them on wheels or castors.
It will be seen that as the fire is lighted at its upper surface, and the current at
this part is downwards through the body of the fuel, the smoke is consumed and a
smokeless or nearly smokeless fire is produced.
Dated this 4th day of February 1893.
J. G. LORRAIN, M. Inst. E.E., M. Inst. M.E.,
Norfolk House, Norfolk Street, Strand, London, W.C.,
Chartered Patent Agent.
We, JOHN TROUGHTON GRINDROD, of Richmond Park Villa Heswall, in the
County of Cheshire, Gentleman, and JESSE HOLT, of 3 Mornington Villas,
Wanstead Park, in the County of Essex, Malt Vinegar Brewer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Our invention relates to a method of and apparatus for heating by which certain
advantages are obtained.
In our invention we employ a stove having a vertical partition or septum dividing
the interior of the stove into two chambers. The said partition does not extend to
the bottom of the stove, so that at this part the two chambers communicate with
one another. The said chambers open at the top into a common flue, or each into
a separate flue. At this point, that is to say at the point where the said chambers
open into the flue or flues, we place two valves or dampers each of which serves to
cut off communication when desired between its chamber and the flue.
We may
line the bottom of the stove with fire-clay or the like and when desired we
may similarly line a part or parts of the said chambers. One or both of the said
chambers may be provided with a door for the insertion of fuel and for the admission
of air, or with separate doors for the insertion of fuel and the admission of air.
One or both of the said chambers may be provided with an ash door. With this
invention the employment of fire bars is unnecessary but they may be employed
when desired.
.Figures 1 and 14 show in vertical section and in plan section respectively a
simple form of our invention. S is the vertical partition dividing the interior of
the stove into two chambers A and B. C is the bottom of the stove at which part
the two chambers communicate. D is the flue common to the two chambers A
and B. A'B' are the two dampers, and c is a fire-clay lining on the bottom of the

page_text: stove. A is a door for the insertion of fuel, A³ an ash door and A* a door for the
admission of air.
Figures 2 and 24 show in vertical and in plan section respectively another form
of our invention. This form differs from that shown in Figures 1 and 14 in that
fire bars are placed in chamber A and that the sides of the part of chamber A
below the said bars and the back front and sides of chamber B are lined with
fire clay.
When the fuel is placed on the bottom of the stove shown in Figures 1 and 14
or on the bars in the form of stove shown in Figures 2 and 24, and this fuel is
ignited at its upper surface, it will be seen that the flames and products of com-
bustion are drawn in the direction of the arrow, are filtered through the fuel and
pass through the chamber B. At this stage smoke escapes just as in an ordinary
stove or furnace. Soon however the whole mass of fuel becomes incandescent.
Fresh fuel is supplied at the surface in chamber A and the smoke from this is as
before filtered through the body of fuel, but as this is now incandescent and as
chamber B is highly heated, the smoke is consumed. It will be seen therefore that
except when first ignited a smokeless or nearly smokeless combustion of the fuel is
obtained.
Figure 3 illustrates in vertical section a reversible form of our invention. It
will be seen that it is practically a duplication of the parts shown in Figure 1 on
the right hand side of the partition S. In this form of reversible stove instead of
having separate doors for the admission of air and the insertion of fuel I generally
use only one door for these purposes.
The action of the stove is as follows: Let us assume that fuel has been placed
on the bottom of the stove that the damper of chamber A has been closed and its
door or doors opened and that in chamber B the doors have been closed and the
damper opened. The fuel may now be ignited in any of the usual ways at its
surface in the chamber A. Air will enter by this chamber to support combustion,
will
pass downwards through the fuel, and the products of combustion will rise
through the chamber B to the flue. If now we close the door of chamber A and
open its damper whilst at the same time we open the door in chamber B and close
its damper, it will be obvious that we can reverse the action of the stove or in
other words reverse the direction of the current of air and of the products of
combustion.
Such a form of stove is very advantageous for use in heating two rooms or com-'
partments separated from one another by a partition wall. When such a stove is
placed in an opening in the said partition wall, or built into the same, it is obvious
that either of the two rooms or compartments may be heated at will. Thus
for example, if it is desired to heat one of the said rooms (we shall hereinafter'
term the room or compartment in which chamber A of the stove is room A; and
under the term room B we shall speak of that room or compartment in which
chamber B of the stove is), say room B to a higher temperature than the other, say
room A, then the damper in stove chamber B will be opened and its door closed,
whilst in stove chamber A the damper will be closed and the door opened.
Room A, it will be obvious will be only slightly heated if at all, whereas in
room B the temperature will be raised to the desired degree. If on the other hand
it be desired to heat room A to a higher temperature than room B the action is
reversed as stated in the preceding paragraph.
This method of heating two contiguous rooms or compartments will be found
much more economical than the old plan of having separate stoves or fire places
n each room.
Our invention is particularly applicable as a furnace for industrial purposes.
Thus if a body to be heated (say a boiler or a crucible for example) be placed
n chamber B, see Figures 1 and 2, (whose size and shape will then depend upon
he size and shape of the said body to be heated) it is obvious that it can be
aised to and maintained at a very high temperature and this more advantageously
han in an ordinary furnace inasmuch as incandescent instead of fresh cold fuel is

page_text: next to the said body to be heated. In ordinary furnaces the insertion of fresh
fuel tends to lower the temperature of the body to be heated.
When desired we may make our stoves portable, as for example by mounting
them on wheels or castors.
It is obvious that if the specific forms of stove or furnace shown in Figures 1
and 2 are to be reversible, doors for the supply of air and fuel must be inserted in
chamber B and that when not required to be reversible communication between
chamber A and flue D otherwise than by way of chamber B may be dispensed with.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The method of heating for the purpose of obtaining smokeless-combustion
substantially as set forth.
2. The reversible-method of heating substantially as set forth with reference
to Figure 3.
3. The form of stove or furnace substantially as set forth with reference to
Figures 1, 1, 2 and 2^.
4. The reversible form of stove or furnace substantially as set forth with
reference to Figure-3.
1. The reversible method of heating two contiguous rooms or compartments substantially
as set forth.
2. A heating store or furnace comprising a shell having a vertical outlet or flue, an air
inlet in said shell having a regulating device connected therewith, an internal partition
extending downward in said shell and terminating some distance above the bottom thereof
and dividing the interior of said shell into two communicating chambers, the top of said
partition forming a bearing for the engagement therewith of movable dampers extending
through said shell and located in proximity to said outlet or flue, and a fire clay lining
in the interior of said shell, substantially as and for the purposes described.
3. A heating stove or furnace, comprising a shell provided with a vertical outlet or
flue, a controlled air inlet, a detachable fuel door in said shell, an internal partition
extending downward in said shell and terminating some distance above the bottom thereof
and so arranged as to form the wall of two communicating internal chambers and the top
of said partition recessed to form bearings or seats for movable dampers extending
through said shell and located in proximity to said outlet or flue, one of said chambers
lined as well as the bottom with fire clay partially supported in position by said partition,
and the other chamber provided with grate bars, substantially as and for the
described.
Dated this 10th day of November 1893.
purposes
J. G. LORRAIN, M.I.E.E., M.L.M.E., &c.,
Norfolk House, Norfolk Street, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.