Improvements in Ring Spinning Frames.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Feb., 1891-Accepted, 21st Mar., 1891
[Communicated from abroad by JOSEPH IMBS, of 58 %, Rue de la Chaussée
d'Antin, Paris, France, Engineer.]
Improvements in Ring Spinning Frames.
1, ERNEST DE PASS, of 78, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Fellow of the
Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the
accompanying drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that
is to say -
The improvements about to be described refer to means for building up the
self-acting cops on the slender and bare spindles of ring spinning frames whereby
a more regular tension on the yarn is obtained.
For this purpose, the copping-rail or ring-plate is provided with a longitudinal
bar or beam extending along, and preferably behind, the rings, and this bar or beam
is capable of a slight longitudinal movement along the copping-rail. Mechanism
is arranged in conjunction with the copping-rail, so that in each of its rising and
falling movements the bar or beam may be moved to one side during the formation
or spinning of the large diameters of the cops, and to the other side during the
formation or spinning of the small diameters thereof. By thus operating the bar
or beam, flexible contacts, with which this bar or beam is provided, are caused to
touch the rings during the formation of the large diameters and to exert a
resistance upon the travellers, so that at this time the tension on the yarn is increased
and ballooning prevented.
Furthermore in another arrangement the bar or beam thus actuated may be
employed also to operate guides which guide an endless cord or strap running
alongside the rings, so that this endless cord or strap may be brought against the
said rings during the formation of the small diameters and assist in pushing the
travellers, thereby relieving the yarns of the detrimental strain they experience in
drawing the travellers during this formation of small diameters.
Or fix to this bar both the flexible contacts, working as an anti-balloon or
resisting device, and the guides for the strap or cord, working as an impelling device,
and the bar, by bearing to the right and to the left, causes each of these two aiding
devices, of contrary effect, to act alternately, and I cause cach of them to
come into operation exactly at the respective times that their intervention is
needful.
By these means I can ensure the yarn being always sufficiently, but never
too much, stretched, and can build up, upon the slender and bare spindles, conical
cops of considerable height, and presenting the greatest differences of large and
small diameters, and that from yarn of slight twist and little resistance.
The annexed drawings illustrate these improvements.
Figs. 1, 2, and 3 show in front elevation, plan, and cross section, respectively, the
arrangement of anti-ballooning apparatus whereby the yarn is more effectually
stretched during the winding upon large diameters.
Mounted at one extremity of each side of the spinning frame, and capable of
moving freely in brackets S. S¹, is a vertical rod T, whose lower portion is formed
with fine ratchet teeth into which the pawl c, carried by the fixed bracket S, engages.
On a level with the copping-rail P, the rack rod T carries a plate C formed with a
cam-shaped slot into which works a friction roller g carried at the end of the bar
or beam L. This bar or beam is supported by the copping-rail P and is capable
of a longitudinal movement thereon which is limited and guided by the slots 1.
the commencement of the take up or winding on ("levée") of the yarn, when the
1
At

page_text: copping rail is at its lowest position, the pawle is above the ratchet toothed par
of the rack rod T and disengaged therefrom, and hence the rod being unsupported
by this pawl occupies its lowermost position and remains suspended from the copping
rail P by the roller g, which is at this time at the upper end of the cam-shaped
slot in the plate C. By reason of the rack not yet being engaged with the pawl c,
the rod T will be at liberty to rise and fall with the copping rail P, but as the rise
of the copping rail gradually increases, and the cops attain a certain size, the rack
rod T will be raised high enough to bring its first ratchet tooth into gear with the
pawl c, and consequently although from this moment the rack rod T will be able
to continue rising higher little by little at each ascent of the copping-rail, it will
be prevented from again descending therewith and will remain elevated while the
copping rail descends and goes down. Thus at each fresh rise and fall of the copping
rail, the bar L will now receive a to and fro longitudinal movement along the
copping rail by the cam-shaped slot in plate Cacting upon the roller the
extent and the moments of such movements depending upon the shape given
to this slot.
The side of the bar L facing the rings is provided with contact pieces or
pads, formed of some very flexible material, such as cloth, or thin leather, and
the movement of the rail during the formation of the large diameters, as above
described, causes these contacts or pads to come into contact with the rings and to
impede the travellers by a slight resistance at each revolution, thereby tightening
and stretching the yarn. But during the formation of the small diameters of
the cop, the bar L, and its contact pieces or pads, are moved away from
the rings.
Figs. 4, 5, and 6 show in elevation, plan, and section, the arrangement for relieving
(during the formation of the small diameters) the yarn which, at this time, experiences
considerable difficulty in drawing the traveller, upon which it is acting in an
objectionable direction.
t
On the ring-plate or copping-rail P, behind the rings, is an endless strap or band,
or simply a string, which is driven at a suitable speed in the same direction as the
travellers, and on a level therewith. This endless cord, band, or string is so
arranged as to just touch all along against the rings so that at each revolution of
the travellers they are touched by this strap, or the like, and receive from it an
impulse which considerably diminishes the effort that the yarn must exert to cause
the entire revolution of the travellers.
The
The driving of the endless cord may be effected in any suitable manner.
method shown by the drawings consists in providing near one extremity of the
copping-rail, and near to the first spindle 1, an idle revolving spindle D having its
upper part square so that the driving pulley M, carried by the copping-rail, is
caused to constantly revolve notwithstanding the various positions assumed by the
copping-rail during its rise and fall. The endless cord is guided by the two
pulleys, situated near the driving pulley M, and is passed around a stretcher N
at the other extremity of the copping rail. In order to keep this cord evenly guided
in relation to the rings, and prevent it from wabbling or vibrating. I employ guides H,
and place them at suitable intervals apart; and, if required, flanged pulleys E may
also be used to sustain and guide the endless strap, cord, or band.
This arrangement, if remaining running in a fixed position would only be
suitable for building up small cops of a moderate diameter, but in order to render
it suitable for building up large cops it is preferable that the arrangement should
be constructed so as only to act upon the travellers during the formation of the
small diameters, and to be out of action during the formation of medium and
large diameters. For this purpose the guides H and pulleys E are carried by
the bar formed with inclined slots sliding along corresponding studs fixed
on the ring plate, so that when the bar L is shifted in one direction during the
building up of large diameters, by means of a lever actuated in the manner
already described with reference to the bar L in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the endless
cord R is removed a short distance from the rings and out of the reach of the

page_text: travellers. But during the building up of small diameters the bar L' is moved
in the opposite direction thereby bringing the endless cord R against the rings
and within the path of the travellers. It will not be necessary to provide each side
of the spinning frame with a separate endless cord R as it will be evident that, if
so preferred, the same one may be used for both sides.
By means of the bar L' with its inclined slots I am enabled to combine the
two arrangements, the one consisting in the pads caused to come into contact with
the rings and so impede the travellers during the formation of the large diameters,
and the other consisting in the endless cord R for alleviating the travellers during
the formation of the small diameters.
Figs. 7 and 8 show in cross section and plan these two arrangements thus com-
bined and so arranged as to come into operation alternately by the reciprocating
movements of the bar L' by the mechanism T, c, C, g, described with reference to
Figs. 1 and 2.
For this purpose it is sufficient to so arrange the pads that they
just touch the rings laterally instead of at back.
The bar Lx (Figs. 7 and 8) has projecting between the rings a number of arms
carrying contact pieces or pads & formed of cloth or thin flexible leather, which at
the required times are brought into contact with the sides of the rings; and another
bar L, furnished with the guides H, is employed for guiding the endless strap or
cord K. The two bars L2 and Lx are connected together (or if preferred may be
formed in one piece) and both secured together to the bar L, and they thus partake
of the reciprocating movements imparted to the bar L' by the inclined slots, and
by the mechanism T, C, y, which moves the bar L'.
"
On reference to Fig. 8 it will be seen that if the bar L' be shifted to its extreme
position to the left (which would be the position occupied during the formation of
the small diameters of the cop) the strap R would be in contact with the rings and
the contact pieces or pads would be out of contact with them.
In the mean
position illustrated by Fig. 8 both the strap R and the pads are out of contact with
the rings, but during the formation of the large diameters, and when the bar L' is
at its extreme position to the right, the contact pieces or pads would be in contact
with the rings and the strap R would be out of contact with them.
:
Or, in another arrangement shown by Figs. 9 and 10 which are respectively a
cross section and front elevation, the idle spindle D, instead of being furnished with
a wharve or whorl, may be provided with a pair of small pulleys, one fast and the
other loose, driven by means of a small belt or strap which, by a guide-fork
operated by the bar L, may be shifted from one pulley to the other."
The strap R
can thus be arranged to run only during the formation of the small diameters.
It will be obvious that instead of arranging the impelling strap or string R on a
level with the rings, so that it touches the travellers themselves during their revolu-
tions, and while producting the small diameters, as herein before described this strap
may be situated a little higher so that it can be brought into contact with the yarn
at a point above the travellers. The travellers would then receive their assisting
impulse from the yarns and the result would be the same in so far as aiding the
travellers in their revolutions. The travellers in this case would receive their
impulse from the vertical strand of the yarn touched by the strap R.
It will likewise be seen that by driving the idle spindle D, and strap R, and the
fast and loose pulleys so as to stop the motion of the said strap when the formation
of the small diameters is completed, the strap R may when at rest, be brought
against the rings during the formation of the large diameters and thereby act as a
brake and constitute the resistant obstacle at each revolution of the travellers
during this time. Fig. 11 illustrates, in cross section, such an arrangement con-
sisting of a second independent bar L₁₂ superposed upon the first and carrying
downwardly projecting fingers situated behind the strap. This second bar acting
by these fingers against the stopped strap would receive its longitudinal movement
and advance towards the rings at the required times by another or second and
independent mechanism T, c, C, g, situated at the opposite end of the spinning
frame and similar to that already described with reference to Figs. 1, 2 and 3.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, claim, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent
In ring spinning frames :-
:-
1. The employment of resisting contacts or anti-ballooning apparatus situated
upon the copping-rail and consisting of a moveable bar provided witli flexible contact
pieces or pads (or of a steady cord, band, or strap) so arranged as to advance or
retire and to touch the rings and impede or retard the revolution of the travellers
during the formation of the large diameters of the cops, substantially as
described.
2. The employment of an impelling contact device consisting of an endless cord,
band or strap running alongside of the rings and imparting to the travellers an
impulse, thereby relieving the strain on the yarn during the formation of the small
diameters of the cops, substantially as described.
3. The employment of a bar, capable of longitudinal movement along one side of
the rings on the copping-rail, and so arranged as to be shifted in one direction when
the large diameters are to be formed, and in the opposite direction when the small
diameters are to be formed; the said bar bringing into operation either the impelling
contacts herein before described, or the resisting contacts hereinbefore described; or
the said bar (which may be a single or a double one) bringing into action, alternately,
resisting contacts and impelling contacts, employed simultaneously in the same
spinning frame, substantially as described.
4. The means or mechanism consisting of the slotted plate C carried by the
freely moving rack-rod T controlled by a pawl e engaging with ratchet teeth formed
thereon, and so arranged that, during the formation of the bottoms of the cops, the
said rack rod remains suspended to the ring-plate and inactive, but so soon as the
bottoms of these cops have attained certain dimensions the rack-rod becomes
operative and imparts the to and fro motion to the bar L (or L') at each rise and
fall of the ring-plate or copping-rail during the formation of the remaining portion
of the cops, by means of the friction roller y carried by the bar L (or by the lever
belonging to the bar L') working in the cam-shaped slot of the plate C, substantially
as described and shown with reference to Figures 1, 2, 3 and 5 of the annexed
drawings.
Dated this 17th day of February 1891