Improvements in the Joints of Earthenware and other Pipes.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Joints of Earthenware and other Pipes.
I, ROBERT EWING, of 68, Victoria Street, Westminster, in the County of
London, England, Pipe Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
_
The
My invention relates to improvements in the joints of earthenware & other
pipes, by which sound joints are easily & quickly made; and consists, on the
one end of pipe, of a socket having an eccentric shoulder, projecting from
the inner abutting end, and along the side wall, a part of the depth, of the
socket; said shoulder at the underside of socket, when the pipe is placed hori-
zontally, being of such a depth as to maintain a true alignment in the interior
of the pipes, when spigot & socket are put together; the depth of such shoulder
narrowing towards, or disappearing in, the upper side of socket; so that ample
space or play" is provided for the spigot in the socket, for easy manufacture,
setting in kiln or laying; while a correct alignment in the interior of the pipes
is secured. A recess is formed in the inner butt-end of socket, and continued or
rounded into the crown of the eccentric shoulder of the socket for the reception
of a roll of clay or other plastic material before the pipes are driven home.
other end of pipe is a spigot of the ordinary kind, when the joint is made
by packing the socket with plastic Portland, or other cement in the usual way.
When however, the joint is made by running into the joint, cement in a
liquid state, my improved socket is used in combination with a special flanged
spigot of the following description. Near the extreme end of spigot is an ex-
ternal flange, which, when the pipes are put together; passes into the socket
and abuts, or nearly so, against the face of the eccentric shoulder of the socket;
so that the roll of clay or plastic material placed on the face of this spigot flange
becomes wedged between the adjacent parts when the pipe is driven home.
Another external flange is placed on the spigot some distance behind, and of
larger diameter than, the former; so as to abut or nearly so against the outer
end of socket; the rectangular end of socket resting in a recess or rebatted
part of this flange, which is also dressed with clay or plastic cement before the
pipes are put together.
The space between the two spigot flanges, which forms the chamber into which
the liquid cement is poured by means of suitable holes in the socket is circum-
ferentially scored. The internal side of the walls of the socket is similarly
scored.
The flanges above described on spigot may be of the same material as & integral
with the body of the pipe or be composed of any suitable composition moulded
on the body of the pipe.
Dated this Twenty-first day of December 1897.

page_text: Improvements in the Joints of Earthenware and other Pipes.
I, ROBERT EWING, of 68, Victoria Street, Westminster, London, in the
County of London, England, Sanitary Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in the joints of earthenware & other
pipes, by which sound joints are easily & quickly made.
In order that my invention may be the better understood, reference is to be
had to the drawings accompanying this specification.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of my improved joint, without flanges on
spigot.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of my improved joint with flanges on spigot.
Fig. 3 is a cross section of my improved joint through the eccentric shoulder
in socket.
Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of my flanged spigot shewing dressing of
plastic material.
My invention consists on the one end of pipe, of a socket having an eccentric
shoulder A Figs. 1, 2 & 3, projecting from the inner abutting end, and along
the side wall, a part of the depth of the socket; said shoulder at the under side
of socket, when the pipe is placed horizontally, being of such, a depth as to
maintain a true alignment in the interior of the pipes, when spigot and socket
are put together; the depth of such shoulder narrowing towards, or dis-
appearing in the upper side of socket; so that ample "play" or space is pro-
vided for the spigot in the socket for easy manufacture, setting in kiln, or
laving; while a correct alignment in the interior of the pipes is secured.
A recess B Figs. 1 & 2 is formed in the inner butt end of socket and con-
tinued or rounded into the crown of the eccentric shoulder A of the socket for
the reception of a roll of clay or other plastic material before the pipes are
driven home.
The other end of pipe is a spigot (Fig. 1, of the ordinary kind, when the joint
is made by packing the socket with plastic, Portland, or other cement in the
usual way.
When however the joint is made by running into the joint cement in a liquid
state my improved socket is used in combination with a special flanged spigot
of the following description.
Near the extreme end of spigot is an external flange D Figs. 2 & 4 which,
when the pipes are put together passes into the socket and abutts or nearly
so against the face of the eccentric shoulder, A, of the socket, so that the roll
of clay or plastic material placed on the face, E Fig. 4, of this spigot-flange
becomes wedged between the adjacent parts when the pipe is driven home;
and the external flange F Figs. 2 & 4 is placed on the spigot some distance
behind, and of larger diameter, than the former so as to abutt or nearly so against
the outer end of socket; the rectangular end of socket resting in a recess or
rebatted part G Fig. 2 of this flange which is also dressed with clay or plastic
cement before the pipes are put together.
The space between the two spigot-flanges D & F, Fig. 2 forms the chamber
into which the liquid cement is poured by means of suitable holes H Fig. 2
in the socket. The spigot is circumferentially scored. The internal side of
the walls of the socket is similarly scored.

page_text: The flanges D or F of the spigot & the eccentric shoulder A in the socket
above described may be of the same material as & integral, with the body of
the pipe, or be composed of any suitable composition moulded on the pipe.
The flange D of the spigot may be dispensed with and the plastic material to
retain the liquid cement may be applied to the bottom of the socket in cases
where the trenches are dry, or have a very small quantity of water in them
during the process of laying.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said
invention, & in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
(1) In a pipe joint the eccentric shoulder A, and the recess B in the socket,
substantially as & for the purposes set forth in the accompanying specification
& drawings.
(2) In a pipe joint the flanges D and F on the spigot, substantially as & for
the purposes set forth in the accompanying specification & drawings.
(3) In a pipe joint a socket with the eccentric shoulder A and the recess B
in combination with a spigot having the flanges D & F, substantially as & for
the purposes set forth in the accompanying specification & drawings.
Dated this 21st day of September 1898.

page_text: The new Figure 3 (attached) is substituted for the Fig. 3 on the sheet
of Drawings as first printed in accordance with the decision of the Chief
Examiner, dated the 10th day of August, 1899.
DAMMAM