CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES
Year: 1847

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
STIRLING NEWALL, of Gateshead, Esquire, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Sixteenth day of
February, One thousand oight hundred and forty-seven, in the tenth year of
Hor reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
mo, the said Robert Stirling Newall, my exors, adiñiors, and assigns, Her
especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said
Robert Stirling Newall, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Robert Stirling Newall, my exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE
ENGINES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that I, the
said Robert Stirling Newall, shall cause a particular description of the nature
of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and scal, to be inrolled in
Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as
in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at
large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Robert Stirling Newall, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention of
"Certain Improvements in Locomotive Engines, to consist of certain
arrangements and combinations shewn in the accompanying Drawings.
Firstly, one of my Improvements refers to the arrangement of the fire box!
and tubular part of the boiler of locomotive engines, which I make in such
manner that the surface of the water in the fire box may be above the surface
of the water in the tubular part, by which I am enabled to obtain a very large
fire box. This is of great importance, as the evaporating power of the fire
box surface is about seven times that of an equal amount of tube surface.
This arrangement is shewn in Figure 1. a is the fire box, and 6 the tubular
part, which is placed so that the bottom of it is nearly on a level with the
bottom of the fire box. The tubes leading from the fire box are fixed into
the outside plate of it instead of into the inside one as usual; the water in the
one is thus kept separate from the water in the other, and may therefore be
kept at different levels in the two.
I claim this arrangement as my Invention.
It is quite evident that if the surface of the water in the fire box and tho
tubular part were on the same level when the tubular part is lowered as above
described with relation to the fire box, that the roof of the fire box would be
brought so close to the fuel that there would be very little fire box surface.
Secondly, another of my improvements refers to the arrangement of the
inside of the fire box shewn in Figure 1, where three arches are shewn
extending across it, though any number may be used. This encreases the
evaporating surface, and strengthens the fire box. The arches may be placed
lengthways, as in Figure 2, instead of across. The hollow beams c, which
support the arches, are placed at an angle with the horizontal line, one in one
direction, and the other in the reverse, as shewn in the end view Figure 1.
The sides of these beams are bolted together in the same way as usual with
the sides of the fire box. A bridge d is placed at the end of the fire bars, and
about eighteen inches distant from the ends of the tubes.
I claim this arrangement as niy Invention.
Thirdly, another of my improvements refers to the combination of a boiler
arranged as in the first part (with or without arches in the fire box), with two
pair of driving wheels coupled, the axles of which are placed above the
tubular part, which is recessed for the axles when necessary, and a pair o
bearing wheels placed at the end of the fire box, the cylinders being fixed t
the fire box. This combination is shewn in Figure 1.
I claim this combination as my Invention.

page_text: By this arrangement I bring the centre of gravity of the engine very low,
and by that means hope to prevent oscillation when going at high speed.
Fourthly, another of my improvements refers to a means of conveying tho
steam from the tubular part of the boiler to the top of the fire box, or vice
versa, when the boiler is arranged as in the first part, or when a recess is made
in the tubular part for the axle to play in. This I do by means of an internal
steam pipe e, f, Figure 2, bending under the recess, or straight when there is
It communicates with another pipe leading up the end of the fire
box, a tight joint being made where the pipe passes into the fire box part.
I claim this arrangement of the steam pipe as my Invention.
The top part of the pipe from e to f, and also of the pipe g, h, which
conveys the steam from the top of the fire box to the pipes leading to the
cylinders, is pierced full of small holes, to prevent priming, in the usual manner.
I may remark that the feed pumps may be worked as usual from the cross
head of the piston rod, with one branch leading into the fire box, and another
into the tubular part of the boiler, there being guages to shew the height of
the water in each; that the steam valves may be worked as usual by excentrics,
placed either inside the wheels or outside; that safety valves may be placed
as usual, and that as my Invention does not relate to any of theso parts, they
may be arranged as may be thought best. I propose to place the springs
above the axles and in a line with them.
R. S. (L.S.) NEWALL.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Sixteenth day of August, in
the year of our Lord 1847, the aforesaid Robert Stirling Newall came before
our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
O above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Sixteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-seven.