Improvements in Printing Machines.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Mar., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 23rd June, 1891-Accepted, 25th July, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Printing Machines.
I, CALVERT BARON COTTRELL, of No. 20 Elm Street, Westerley, in the
County of Washington, and State of Rhode Island, United States of America,
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention is more especially designed for perfecting machines but is
in part applicable to machines for printing on one side only of the sheet.
The leading feature of my invention is a combination comprising one or
more rotary impression cylinders the axis or axes of which revolves or
revolve about a fixed axis and an oscillating bed or form carrier which presents
a printing form to the said impression cylinder or cylinders. In a perfecting
machine requiring two forms, the combination above mentioned is duplicated, one
or more separate impression-cylinders being combined with each of two oscillating
beds or form-carriers each of which carries one of the forms.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 represents a side elevation of the principle parts of a perfecting machine
embodying my invention, the inking apparatus being omitted to give greater
perspicuity to the other parts.
Figure 2 is a plan view of the same partly in section on the line, r, of
Figure 1.
Figure 3 represents a vertical section parallel with Figure 1 taken nearly in the
centre of the machine.
Figure 4 is a view corresponding with a portion of Figure 3, but showing the
parts in different positions.
Figure 5 represents a side view partly in section in the line y, y, of Figure 2,
representing one of the oscillating beds and its corresponding rotary cylinders.
Figures 6 and 7 are diagrams illustrating the transference of the sheets from
one to another of the impression cylinders.
Figure 8 is in part a side elevation and in part a vertical section parallel with the
sides of those parts of the machine necessary for the illustration of the inking
apparatus.
Figure 9 is a horizontal sectional view of one end of one of the oscillating form-
carriers or beds and of the inking apparatus thereto applied.
Figure 10 represents a face view of one end of the form-carrier or bed and the
corresponding part of the inking apparatus.
Figure 11 is a perspective view of parts of the inking apparatus on a larger scale
than the other figures.
Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.
I will first describe my invention with reference to Figures 1 to 7 inclusive.
A, A, designate the framing of the machine containing the fixed bearings b, b
for two rotary shafts B. B, and bearings e, e', for two rock-shafts C, C. The two
rotary shafts B B have firmly secured to them carriers D, D', consisting of
arms secured to the said shafts and containing bearings e, e, e¹, e, for the
shafts E, E, E', E', of the rotary impression cylinders F, F, F, FI of which there
are represented two in the carrier D and two in the carrier D'. The two rock
shafts C, C, have firmly secured to them the oscillating beds or form-carriers G, G¹,
to which the printing-forms, g' are secured.
The axes of the shafts B, B', constitute fixed axes about which the impression-
cylinders F, F, may revolve_while they rotate about their own axes, namely the
axes of their shafts E, E¹. The bearings b, i, for the shafts B, B' are arranged at
such distance apart and the bearings e, el of the cylinder shafts are arranged at such

page_text: distance from the shafts B, B' and the impression cylinders are of such diameter
that as the cylinders revolve around the axes of the shafts B B' the cylinders F, F,
of the set belonging to one of the said shafts may pass very nearly in contact with
the set of cylinders F, F, belonging to the other of said shafts as may be under-
stood by reference to Figure 3. The bearings, of the rock-shafts C. C), are
arranged in such positions that both sets of cylinders are between the beds or form-
carriers G, G, on said rock-shafts and that while said beds or form-carriers oscillate
with the said rock-shafts, the impression cylinders of one set may rotate in contact
with and print sheets against the printing form on one bed and the impression-
cylinder of the other set may rotate in contact with and print sheets against the
printing form on the other bed as the axes of the said cylinders revolve about the
axes of the shafts B, B'.
In the machine represented the cylinders F, F, print
the first side of two sheets from the form on the bed G, and the cylinders F, F¹
print the second sides of two sheets from the form ' on the bed G¹.
H designates the main shaft of the printing machine supported in suitable
bearings in the framing A, and furnished with a spur gear (see Figures 1 and 2)
which is geared through a spur gear i on a shaft I, with a spur gear d on the
cylinder carrier shaft B. This gear d gears with a similar spur geard on the other
cylinder-carrier-shaft. B'. The gears, i, d, d' are so proportioned that the gear i
and its shaft I, driven by the gear, make one revolution for every two of the main
shaft H and that the cylinder-carrier shafts driven by the gears i, d, d, make one
revolution for every two revolutions of the shaft I. The shaft 1 extends all across
the machine being supported in bearings, in the two side frames and it is
furnished with a cam l' and bevel gear, the purpose of which will be herein-
after explained.
Firmly secured to the interior of one of the side frames are two fixed toothed
racks J, J, which are of circular form, one concentric with the cylinder-carrier-
shaft B and the other concentric with the cylinder-carrier shaft B'. These racks
are considerably less than whole circles, the interruptions of their circles being
towards the oscillating beds or form carriers G G¹, as shown in Figure 3. Toothed
racks are also provided on the sides of the beds G, G. These racks are
straight for the greater portion of their length but turned up at their ends in the
form of short arcs of circles corresponding with the circles of the racks J J', so that
by the oscillation of the beds to either of two positions the racks on the beds may
form a continuation of the circular racks as may be understood by reference to
Figure 4, wherein the bed G is shown in full outline at one end of its oscillation
with the lower end of its rack in connection with the rack and is shown in dotted
outline at the other end of its oscillation with its upper end in connection with the
said rack J. The cylinder shafts E E' are severally provided with spur gears j, j',
to gear with their respective racks J, Jƒ. In order that these gears
may be permitted to pass each other while gearing with their respective racks, the
said racks are laterally off-set the one from the other as shown in Figure 2, and
the gears are arranged on their respective shafts in different planes to engage
with the off-set racks. As the cylinders revolve with their respective carriers D D',
the teeth of their spur gears j, j cause the rotation of the cylinders about their
own axes.
In the carrier D of the first impression cylinders F, F, are arranged two sets of
grippers k, k, one set for each cylinder, for taking the sheets from a feeding apparatus
and presenting them to the said cylinders. These grippers are supported in armis
secured to shafts 2 which are fitted to rotate in bearings in or on the carrier D.
The said shafts are furnished with spur gears 4 which gear with the gears; on
the cylinders F for the purpose of producing the rotary motion of the said shafts
and grippers k, the said grippers rotating at the same speed as the cylinders F for
the purpose of presenting the sheets at the proper time to the said cylinders which
latter are furnished with grippers like those commonly employed on impression
cylinders for the purpose of taking the sheets.
The second impression cylinders F are furnished with grippers like those lon

page_text: the cylinders F. These grippers are intended to take sheets directly from the first
impression cylinders and therefore no other grippers are shown provided in the
carrier D¹.
The oscillating movement given to the shafts C C¹ and the beds or form-
carriers G G is for the purpose of presenting the printing forms on the said
beds or carriers in proper relation to the impression cylinders for printing while the
said cylinders in their revolution with the carriers D D are passing the said
forms. This oscillation is produced on the bed G by means of the cam 11 herein-
before mentioned, on the shaft 1 operating between the truck rolls o of a sliding
yoke 12 which is connected with an arm p secured to the rock shaft C of the
said bed. The oscillation of the bed Gis produced by a rod K³ which connects
with an arm K on the rock-shaft C and an arm K on the rock-shaft C¹ on
the bed G In the example represented in which there are two cylinders in
each cylinder carrier, the bed is required to oscillate twice back and forth
during each revolution of the cylinder-carrier and hence the cam shaft I and
cam make two revolutions for each revolution of the cylinder-carriers.
gearing of the cylinders with their stationary racks JJ and bed racks, f
must be such that the cylinders will make a certain number of complete rotations
In the
and no more during every one of their revolutions with the carriers.
example represented the cylinders make three rotations for each revolution.
The
In order to keep the oscillating beds in proper relation to their respective
printing cylinders at the time of printing more positively than it could be done
by a can a projection is provided on each of the carriers D D' to run in a
straight grooven in the side of its respective bed. In the example represented
this projection is furnished with truck-rollers. The oscillation of the bed in the
direction for printing may be produced catirely by this truck-roll connection
between the beds and their respective cylinder carriers, the cam I then being
only used for producing the return movement of the beds.
In the machine represented paper is supplied in a continuous web L from a
roll L' suitably arranged and supported and passes therefrom between rollers M M'
thence to an endless carrier Ny in which it is cut into sheets by rotary
cutters r, and by which it is conveyed to the rotary grippers hereinbefore
mentioned. The endless carrier represented consists of a pair of endless toothed
chains or racks N and spring closing grippers, which are represented sidewise
of the chains or racks for the purpose of taking the edges of the web and sheets.
The said endless toothed chains or racks are supported on wheels N1 N2 the
said wheels N¹ being fast on a shaft N³ supported in bearings in the side
framing and the said wheels N2 turning freely on fixed studs N₁ secured in the
framing of the machine. The endless carrier and rotary cutters need no particular
description here as they are old and well understood by those skilled in printing
machinery. The grippers are opened at the proper time to take the web by
passing stationary cams s near the shaft N3 and again opened to present the sheets
to the grippers by passing other stationary cams s' near the wheels Nº.
The cutter shafts which work in bearings in the side framing of the
machine, are geared together by spur gears, and derive motion through a bevel
gear (see Figure 2) on the shaft of the cutter through the bevel gear
hereinbefore mentioned on the shaft 1 the said bevel gear gearing with a bevel
gear on a shaft which gears with a second bevel gear, gearing with said bevel
gear on the cutter shaft. This shaft is arranged on one side of the machine
framing parallel therewith and supported in bearings secured to the said framing.
The endless carrier derives motion from the cutter shaft through spur gears
on the said shaft gearing with the teeth of the endless chains or racks N of the
carriers.
I have shown arranged in proper relation to the second cylinder-carrier D' a
delivery apparatus consisting of endless chains O running on wheels O' O and
furnished with grippers to constitute an endless carrier for taking the sheets from
the impression cylinders F' of said cylinder-carrier and delivering them to a

page_text: receiving board P. This delivery apparatus is represented as driven from the spur
gear d' on the shaft B' of the cylinder-carrier D₁ gearing with a spur gear (* on a
shaft Os of the wheels O
It is obvious that suitable means must be employed for opening and closing the
cylinder grippers, and the transfer grippers k but I have not shown such
gripper opening and closing devices as they may be such as are commonly
employed for the impression cylinders and rotary delivery grippers of printing
machines.
The operation of the machine represented is as follows.
The web L being taken by the grippers g of the endless toothed chains or
racks N is carried between the rotary cutters, by which it is cut into sheets
which are carried by said grippers to the grippers k in the impression cylinder
carrier D, by which latter grippers they are presented to the two impression-
cylinders F F alternately, being taken by the grippers of the said cylinders.
The sheets on the said cylinders are carried by the rotary motion of the said
cylinders in the carriers and by the revolution of the said cylinders with the
carrier into contact with the printing surfaces of the form on the bed G and by
the continued revolution of the said cylinders with the carriers after the said
cylinders leave the form g, the sheets printed on one side are presented by the
said cylinders to the impression cylinders F1, of the second carrier D' for printing
the second side of the sheets from the form on the second oscillating bed G.
The grippers of these cylinders take the sheets from the grippers of the
cylinders and the said cylinders F1 are caused to take the sheets to the form g¹
by the revolution of the said cylinders with the carrier D, the printing being
performed by the rotation of the said cylinders on their own axes against the
form . After having had their second sides printed, the sheets are taken by
the revolution of the cylinders F¹ with their carrier D' to the endless carrier O,
01 02 03 to be deposited on the receiving table P.
To make the above described operation more intelligible, I will explain it
further with reference to Figure 3 and to the diagrammatic views Figures 6 and 7
which represent the cylinder-carriers, the cylinders and the rotary grippers which
take the unprinted sheets from the endless carrier Ny and present them to the
first printing cylinders F F. In Figures 6 and 7 the sheets are shown in transit
through the machine and designated by letters r, the unprinted sheets being shown
by dotted lines and the printed sheets by unbroken lines.
In Figure 3 the cylinder F which is to the left in the first carrier D, is rolling
over the first form g as it does in taking the first impression from said form, the
cylinder F which is to the right in said carrier has just arrived in the position in
which the cylinder F which is to the left in the second carrier D', commences to
take from the last mentioned cylinder Fa sheet which has been thereby printed on
one side and the cylinder F which is to the right of the carrier D' is rolling over
the second form g', as it does in taking the impression on the second side of a
sheet the first side of which has been printed by one of the cylinders F from the.
form while the grippers & which feed the cylinder F which is now to the right
in the carrier D, are in position to commence taking a new sheet from the endless
carrier N 9.
The diagram, Figure 6, represents the carriers D D' as having made one eighth
of a revolution beyond the position shown in Figure 3. The cylinder F which
was to the left of its carrier D in Figure 3 has now finished printing and that
which was to the right has had the sheet which it had printed on one side almost
taken from it by the cylinder F which was at the left of its carrier D' in
Figure 3 and the new unprinted sheet which has been taken from the endless
carrier Ng by the grippers k, is being carried over to be taken by the grippers /
of the said cylinder F, from which the said sheet printed on one side is being
taken by the last mentioned cylinder F'. In the meantime the other cylinder F
of the carrier D' is carrying the sheet which has been printed on the second side
from the form g¹ toward the delivery apparatus.

page_text: The diagram Figure 7 represents the carriers D D' as having made another
eighth of a revolution. The unprinted sheet is now being taken from the grippers k
by the cylinder F, which was described with reference to Figure 3 as at the right
of its carrier D and is being carried toward the first form y, to be printed while
the other cylinder F is carrying forward the sheet printed on one side to meet one
of the second impression cylinders of the carrier D' and the other second
impression cylinder F' is giving to the delivery apparatus (not shown) a sheet
printed on both sides.
in
In order to prevent the dragging of the sheets over the gripper shafts
their transference from the grippers to the cylinder grippers 1, the arms k
which carry the said grippers are represented in Figures 6 and 7 as being
extended backward from the said grippers in circular form to support the said
sheets.
I will now describe the inking apparatus with reference to Figures 8, 9, 10, 11.
In these figures the rotary cylinder-carriers D D₁, impression cylinders FF',
and the gripper shafts, gripper carriers and grippers are like those in
Figures 1 to 5 inclusive, but the form carriers instead of being simply flat plates
are hollow castings of a form substantially resembling segments of cylinders com-
prising flat portions G or G¹ or beds proper and rounded backs G*, the exterior
cylindric faces of which constitute an ink distributing surface over which and over
the faces of the forms on the beds G G', run a series of ink rollers 4, 4*. These
castings G G and G'G* are made with arms 8 and hubs 9, which are fast on
the shafts CC. The said form carriers also differ from those shown in Figures 1
to 5, in that instead of their grooved or flanged portions engaging with the
cylinder-carriers D D' by means of projections m specially provided on the latter
carriers, the engagement is made by means of the ends of the impression cylinder
shafts E E', the projections m being dispensed with.
The ink rollers 4, 4* for each oscillating formn-carrier or bed are carried by
endless carriers 5, which surround the shafts CC of their respective carriers.
Each of these endless carriers 5, consists of two endless chains one on each side of
the form carrier, the said chains being furnished at certain intervals with rollers 7,
running on guides R, of a segmental form corresponding with that of the form-
carriers GG and their ink-distributing surfaces G*. The said guides of which
there is one for each of the two endless chains 5, of the ink roller carrier of each
bed, consist of tracks made with arms 6 and hubs 7*, which are secured fixedly
on the form-carrier shafts C C. The endless chains 5 engage each with two
sprocket wheels 10, which are journaled at 11, in the form carriers or the guides R
the said sprocket wheels, which derive motion from the chains themselves, serving
to ease the chains as they turn between the faces and backs of the form-carriers.
The two endless chains for each form carrier are driven by sprocket wheels 12, on
a driving shaft 13, which passes through the form-carrier as shown in Figures 8
and 9, and which work in fixed bearings in the side frames A of the machine
there being a suitable opening between the arms 8, of the form-carrier to permit
its oscillation without interference from said shaft. The driving shafts 13, may be
driven in any suitable manner, as for instance, as shown at the right hand of
Figure 8, through a train of gearing 14, 15, 16, from the gear d', on their respective
impression cylinder-carrier, the said gears 14, 15 freely turning respectively on
fixed studs 14*, 15*, secured in the machine framing and the gear 16 being fast
on the shaft 13.
The ink is supplied to the distributing surface G* of each form-carrier or bed
by means of a revolving duct roller 17, which turns in journal boxes which are
fitted to slots 21, in the arms 18, of a rotary carrier, the shaft 19 of which is
furnished with a spur gear 20, through which it derives motion from the stud
gear 14, hereinbefore mentioned. The duct roller 17, and its carrier 18, belonging
to one form bed are shown at the left hand of Figure 8, and the gearing for
driving the duct roller of the other bed is shown at the right of the same figure.
Behind the journal boxes of the duct rollers 17, springs 22 are arranged in the

page_text: slots 21, of its carrier arms 18. These springs tend to force the said boxes and the
duct roller outwards from the axis of the carrier but permit it to move toward
the said axis to accommodate itself to the oscillating movements of the form-
carrier. The said springs also press the duet roller 17 against the ink-listributing
cylinder 23, from which the said roller takes its ink. The cylinder 23 receives ink
from a duct roller 24, which takes it from a fountain roller 25. The said cylinder
derives motion from the shaft 19, of its respective duet roller carrier through a
spur gear 26, on said shaft gearing with and driving an intermediate gear 27,
which turns loosely on the stud 15, before mentioned and drives a gear 28 on the
shaft 29 of the said cylinder.
The ink rollers 4, 4* carried by the endless chains or carriers are represented
as consisting of form rollers 4, and vibrating rollers 4*, one set of rollers 4, 4* for
each of the impression cylinders For F¹, to ink their respective forms prior to the
operation of each cylinder. Each set of rollers is represented, as shown in the
perspective view Figure 11, as consisting of two pair of form rollers 4 and two
vibrating rollers 4*, one of the latter for each pair of form rollers. The form
rollers 4 of each pair are journalled at each end in one of two yokes 30, which
are connected together at their adjacent ends by a pivot which carries one of the
rollers 7, hereinbefore mentioned which run on the tracks of the guides R. At
the other ends of the yokes 30, are rollers 31, (see Figure 11) which run on the
said tracks, as shown in Figure 10, the said rollers and the rollers 7, before
mentioned, being confined to the guides R, by flanges R¹, which are secured to the
exteriors of said guides and between which and the said guides there are left only
slots 32, of a width sufficient for the rollers 7 and 31 to run in. In Figure 10 the
flange R¹ is represented as broken away to expose to view the guide R and the
rollers 7 and 31, running on it. The ends of the shafts of the vibrating rollers 4*
are secured firmly in their respective yokes 30. The form rollers 4 are rotated by
contact with the ink-distributing surface G*, and with the form The vibrating
rollers 4* derive rotary motion through spur gears 33, fast upon them. from spur
gears 34, turning freely on short studs 35, carried by the yokes 30, of the said
gears 34, being caused to rotate by running on toothed racks 35*, which are affixed
to the form carriers and which conform to the guides R as shown at the right of
Figure 8.
The movement of the endless chains by the sprocket wheels 12, causes the ink
rollers 4, to roll alternately over the distributing surface G* on the back of the
form carrier or bed and over the form g on the bed and so to take the ink from
said surface and give it to the form. In this operation the flanges R, so confine
the rollers 7 and 31, to the guide R, confire the gears 34 to the racks 35* and
confine the chains to the sprocket wheels 12, that perfect operation of all the parts
is ensured.
Dated this 24th day of March 1891
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Printing Machines.
I, CALVERT BARON COTTRELL, of No. 20 Elm Street, Westerly, in the
County of Washington and State of Rhode Island, United States of America,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention is more especially designed for perfecting machines but is in part
applicable to machines for printing on one side only of the sheet. The leading
feature of my invention is a combination comprising one or more rotary impression

page_text: cylinders the axis or axes of which revolves or revolve about a fixed axis and an
oscillating bed or form-carrier which presents a printing form to the said impression
cylinder or cylinders. O
In a perfecting machine requiring two forms, the combination above mentioned
is duplicated, one or more separate impression cylinders being combined with each
of two oscillating heds or form-carriers each of which carries one of the forms.
In the drawings left with my Provisional Specification
Figure 1 represents a side elevation of the principal parts of a perfecting
machine embodying my invertion, the inking apparatus being omitted to give
greater perspicuity to the other parts.
Figure 2 is a plan view of the same partly in section on the line
Figure 1.
of
Figure 3 represents a vertical section parallel with Figure 1 taken nearly in
the centre of the machine.
Figure 4 is a view corresponding with a portion of Figure 3, but showing the
parts in different positions...
Figure 5 represents a side view partly in section on the line y y of Figure 2,
representing one of the oscillating heds and its corresponding rotary cylinders.
Figures 6 and 7 are diagrams illustrating the transference of the sheets from
one to another of the impression cylinders.
Figure 8 is in part a side elevation and in part a vertical section parallel with
the sides of those parts of the machine necessary for the illustration of the inking
apparatus.
Figure 9 is a horizontal sectional view of one end of one of the oscillating form
carriers or beds and of the inking apparatus thereto applied.
Figure 10 represents a face view of one end of the form-carrier or bed and the
corresponding part of the inking apparatus.
Figure 11 is a perspective view of parts of the inking apparatus on a larger
scale than the other figures.
Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.
Referring to Figures 1 to 7 inclusive A. A designate the framing of the machine
containing the fixed bearings for two rotary shafts B B' and bearings for
two rock-shafts C C. The two rotary shafts B B' have firmly secured to them
carriers D D' consisting of arms secured to the said shafts and containing bear-
ings e e, ele for the shafts E E. E' E' of the rotary impression cylinders FF, FF,
of which there are represented two in the carrier D and two in the carrier D'.
The two rock-shafts C C have firmly secured to them the oscillating beds or form-
carriers G G to which the printing-forms' are secured.
The axes of the shafts B B constitute fixed axes about which the impression-
cylinders F F may revolve while they rotate about their own axes, namely, the
axes of their shafts E E'. The bearings for the shafts B B are arranged at
such distance apart and the bearings ee of the cylinder shafts are arranged at
such distance from the shafts B B and the impression cylinders are of such
diameter that as the cylinders revolve around the axes of the shafts B B', the
cylinders FF of the set belonging to one of the said shafts may pass very nearly
in contact with the set of cylinders F' F' belonging to the other of said shafts as
may be understood by reference to Figure 3. The bearings c c of the rock-
shafts CC are arranged in such positions that both sets of cylinders are between
the beds or form-carriers G G¹ on said rock-shafts and that while said beds or form
carriers oscillate with the said rock-shafts, the impression cylinders of one set
may rotate in contact with and print sheets against the printing form on one bed
and the impression-cylinders of the other set may rotate in contact with and print
sheets against the printing form on the other bed as the axes of the said cylinders
revolve about the axes of the shafts B B. In the machine represented the
cylinders F F print the first side of two sheets from the form g on the bed G and
the cylinders F1 F1 print the, second sides of two sheets from the form g¹ on the
bed G¹

page_text: H designates the main shaft of the printing machine supported in suitable bearings
in the framing A, and furnished with a spur gear (see Figures 1 and 2) which is
geared through a spur gear i on a shaft I, with a spur gear on the cylinder carrier
shaft B. This gear gears with a similar spur gear d' on the other cylinder-
carrier-shaft B. The gears h, i, d, d' are so proportioned that the gear and its
shaft I, driven by the gear, make one revolution for every two of the main
shaft H and that the cylinder-carrier shafts driven by the gears i, d, d, make one
revolution for every two revolutions of the shaft I. The shaft I extends all across
the machine being supported in bearings, in the two side frames and it is
furnished with a cam l'and bevel gear 2, the purposes of which will be hereinafter
explained.
Firmly secured to the interior of one of the side frames are two fixed toothed
racks JJ, which are of circular form, one concentric with the cylinder-carrier-
shaft B and the other concentric with the cylinder-carrier-shaft B'. These racks
are considerably less than the whole circles, the interruptions of their circles being
towards the oscillating beds or form-carriers G G', as shown in Figure 3. Toothed
racks are also provided on the sides of the beds G G These racks are
straight for the greater portion of their length but turned up at their ends in the
form of short arms of circles corresponding with the circles of the racks J J', so
that by the oscillation of the beds to either of two positions the racks on the beds
may form a continuation of the circular racks as may be understood by reference
to Figure 4, wherein the bed G is shown in full outline at one end of its oscillation
with the lower end of its rack in connection with the rack and is shown in dotted
outline at the outer end of its oscillation with its upper end in connection with the
said rack J. The cylinder shafts E E' are severally provided with spur gears jj¹
to gear with their respective racks J, J. In order that these gears may be
permitted to pass each other while gearing with their respective racks, the said
racks are laterally off-set the one from the other as shown in Figure 2, and the
gears are arranged on their respective shafts in different planes to engage with
the off-set racks. As the cylinders revolve with their respective carriers D D',
the teeth of their spur gears jjcause the rotation of the cylinders about their
own axes.
In the carrier D of the first impression cylinders F F are arranged two sets of
grippers, one set for each cylinder, for taking the sheets from a feeding
apparatus and presenting them to the said cylinders. These grippers are supported
in arms secured to shafts, which are fitted to rotate in bearings 3 in or on the
carrier D. The said shafts & are furnished with spur gears which gear with
the gears on the cylinders F for the purpose of producing the rotary motion of
the said shafts and grippers k, the said grippers rotating at the same speed
as the cylinders F for the purpose of presenting the sheets at the proper time to
the said cylinders, which latter are furnished with grippers like those commonly
employed on impression cylinders, for the purpose of taking the sheets.
The second impression cylinders F are furnished with grippers like those on
the cylinders F. These grippers are intended to take sheets directly from the first
impression cylinders and therefore no other grippers are shown provided in the
carrier D¹.
The oscillating movement given to the shafts C C and the beds or form-
carriers G G is for the purpose of presenting the printing forms g g on the said
beds or carriers in proper relation to the impression cylinders for printing while
the said cylinders in their revolution with the carriers D D are passing the said
forms. This oscillation is produced on the bed G by means of the cam I herein-
before mentioned, on the shaft I, operating between the truck rolls o of a sliding
yoke 12, which is connected with an arm p secured to the rock-shaft C of the said
bed. The oscillation of the bed G¹ is produced by a rod K which connects with
an arm K on the rock-shaft C and an arm K' on the rock-shaft C₁ on the bed G¹.
In the example represented, in which there are two cylinders in each cylinder
carrier, the bed is required to oscillate twice back and forth during each revolution

page_text: of the cylinder carrier and hence the cam shaft I and cam I¹ make two revolutions
for each revolution of the cylinder-carriers. The gearing of the cylinders with
their stationary racks J J¹ and bed racks ff must be such that the cylinders will
make a certain number of complete rotations and no more during every one of
their revolutions with the carriers. In the example represented the cylinders make
three rotations for each revolution.
In order to keep the oscillating beds in proper relation to their respective
printing cylinders at the time of printing more positively than it could be done by
a cam, a projection m is provided on each of the carriers D D' to run in a straight
groove n in the side of its respective bed. In the example represented this pro-
jection is furnished with truck-rollers. The oscillation of the bed in the direction
for printing may be produced entirely by this truck-roll connection between the
beds and their respective cylinder-carriers, the cam I then being only used for
producing the return movement of the beds.
In the machine represented, paper is supplied in a continuous web L from a
roll L' suitably arranged and supported and passes therefrom between rollers M M',
thence to an endless carrier Ny, in which it is cut into sheets by rotary cutters rr²,
and by which it is conveyed to the rotary grippers & hereinbefore mentioned. The
endless carrier consists of a pair of endless toothed chains or racks N and spring
closing grippers 7, which are represented sidewise of the chains or racks for the
purpose of taking the edges of the web and sheets. The said endless toothed
chains or racks are supported on wheels N1, N2, the said wheels N¹ being fast on a
shaft N3 supported in bearings in the side framing and the said wheels N² turning
freely on fixed studs N₁ secured in the framing of the machine. The endless
carrier and rotary cutters need no particular description here as they are old and
well understood by those skilled in printing machinery. The grippers are opened
at the proper time to take the web by passing stationary cams s near the shaft N³
and again opened to present the sheets to the grippers by passing other stationary
cams near the wheels N².
1.4
on
The cutter shafts which work in bearings in the side framing of the machine,
are geared together by spur gears and derive motion through a bevel gear
(see Figure 2) on the shaft of the cutter r, through the bevel gear hereinbefore
mentioned on the shaft I, the said bevel gear gearing with a bevel gear on a
shaft, which gears with a second bevel gear gearing with said bevel gear
the cutter shaft. This shaft is arranged on one side of the machine framing
parallel therewith and supported in bearings secured to the said framing. The
endless carrier derives motion from the cutter shaft r through spur gears on the
said shaft gearing with the teeth of the endless chains or racks N of the carriers.
I have shown arranged in proper relation to the second cylinder-carrier D¹, a
delivery apparatus consisting of endless chains O running on wheels O' O', and
furnished with grippers to constitute an endless carrier for taking the sheets from
the impression cylinders F' of said cylinder-carrier and delivering them to a receiv-
ing board P. This delivery apparatus is represented as driven from the spur
gear d' on the shaft B' of the cylinder-carrier D', gearing with a spur gear O*, on
a shaft O3 of the wheels 01.
It is obvious that suitable means must be employed for opening and closing the
cylinder grippers and the transfer grippers k, but I have not shown such gripper
opening and closing devices as they may be such as are commonly employed for
the impression cylinders and rotary delivery grippers of printing machines.
The operation of the machine is as follows:-
The web L being taken by the grippers q of the endless tooth chains or racks N,
is carried between the rotary cutters, by which it is cut into sheets which are
carried by said grippers 9 to the grippers k in the impression-cylinder carrier D, by
which latter grippers they are presented to the two impression-cylinders FF
alternately, being taken by the grippers 7 of the said cylinders. The sheets on the
said cylinders are carried by the rotary motion of the said cylinders in the carriers
and by the revolution of the said cylinders with the carrier into contact with the
B

page_text: printing surfaces of the form g on the bed G and by the continued revolution of the
said cylinders with the carriers after the said cylinders leave the said form g, the sheets
printed on one side are presented by the said cylinders to the impression cylinders Fl
of the second carrier D' for printing the second side of the sheets from the form g
on the second oscillating bed G. The grippers of these cylinders F' take the
sheets from the grippers / of the cylinders F and the said cylinders F' are caused to
take the sheets to the form g¹ by the revolution of the said cylinders with the
carrier D, the printing being performed by the rotation of the said cylinders on
their own axes against the form y'. After having had their second sides printed, the
sheets are taken by the revolution of the cylinders F' with their carrier D¹ to the
endless carrier 0 0 0 03 to be deposited on the receiving table P.
To make the above described operation more intelligible, I will explain it
further with reference to Figure 3, and to the diagrammatic views Figures 6 and 7,
which represent the cylinder-carriers, the cylinders and the rotary grippers which
take the unprinted sheets from the endless carrier Ny, and present them to the
first printing cylinders F F. In Figures 6 and 7 the sheets are shown in transit
through the machine and designated by letters r, the unprinted sheets being
shown by dotted lines and the printed sheets by unbroken lines.
In Figure 3, the cylinder F which is to the left in the first carrier D, is rolling
over the first form g, as it does in taking the first impression from said form, the
cylinder F which is to the right in the said carrier has just arrived in the position
in which the cylinder F¹ which is to the left in the second carrier D' commences to
take from the last mentioned cylinder F a sheet which has been thereby printed
on one side, and the cylinder F which is to the right of the carrier D' is rolling
over the second form, as it does in taking the impression on the second side of
a sheet the first side of which has been printed by one of the cylinders F from the
form g, while the grippers & which feed the cylinder F which is now to the right in
the carrier D, are in position to commence taking a new sheet from the endless
carrier N q.
The diagram Figure 6 represents the carriers D D' as having made one-eighth
of a revolution beyond the position shown in Figure 3. The cylinder F which was
to the left of its carrier D in Figure 3, has now finished printing and that which
was to the right has had the sheet which it had printed on one side almost taken from
it by the cylinder F which was at the left of its carrier D' in Figure 3, and the
new unprinted sheet which had been taken from the endless carrier N by the
grippers, is being carried over to be taken by the grippers of the said cylinder F,
from which the said sheet printed on one side is being taken by the last mentioned
cylinder F. In the meantime the other cylinder of the carrier D' is carrying
the sheet which has been printed on the second side from the form y toward the
delivery apparatus.
The diagram Figure 7 represents the carriers D D' as having made another eighth
of a revolution. The unprinted sheet is now being taken from the grippers by
the cylinder F, which was described with reference to Figure 3 as at the right of
its carrier D, and is being carried toward the first form to be printed while the
other cylinder F is carrying forward the sheet printed on one side to meet one of
the second impression cylinders F¹ of the carrier D'and the other second impression
cylinder F is giving to the delivery apparatus (not shown) a sheet printed on
both sides.
in
In order to prevent the dragging of the sheets over the gripper shafts
transferring them from the grippers to the cylinder grippers 1, the arms which
carry the said grippers & are represented in Figures 6 and 7 as being extended
backward from the said grippers in circular form to support the said sheets.
I will now describe the inking apparatus with reference to Figures 8, 9, 10, 11.
In these figures, the rotary cylinder carriers D D', impression cylinders FF,
and the gripper shafts k², gripper carriers k¹ and grippers are like those in
Figures 1 to 5 inclusive, but the form carriers instead of being simply flat plates are
hollow castings of a form substantially resembling segments of cylinders comprising

page_text: fat portions G or G¹ or beds proper and rounded backs G the interior cylindrical
faces of which constitute an ink-distributing surface over which and over the faces
of the forms on the beds G G¹ run a series of ink rollers 4, 4*. These
castings G G and G' G* are made with arms 8 and hubs 9, which are fast on the
shafts C C. The said form carriers also differ from those shown in Figures 1 to 5
in that instead of their grooved or flanged portions n engaging with the cylinder-
carriers D D' by means of projections m specially provided on the latter carriers,
the engagement is made by means of the ends of the impression cylinder shafts E Ei
the projections m being dispensed with.
The ink rollers 44 for each oscillating form-carrier or bed are carried by
endless carriers 5, which surround the shafts C C₁ of their respective carriers.
Each of these endless carriers 5, consists of two endless chains one on each side of
the form carrier, the said chains being furnished at certain intervals with rollers 7,
running on guides R, of a segmental form corresponding with that of the form-
carriers GG and their ink-distributing surfaces G*. The said guides of which
there is one for each of the two endless chains 5, of the ink roller carrier of each
bed, consist of tracks made with arms 6 and hubs 7", which are secured fixedly on
the form-carrier shafts C C. The endless chains engage each with two sprocket
wheels 10, which are journalled at 11, in the form carriers or the guides R, the said
sprocket wheels, which derive motion from the chains themselves, serving to ease
the chains as they turn between the faces and backs of the form-carriers. The
two endless chains for each form-carrier are driven by sprocket wheels 12, on a driving
shaft 13, which passes through the form-carrier as shown in Figures 8 and 9, and
which work in fixed bearings t in the side frames A of the machine there being a
suitable opening between the arms 8, of the form-carrier to permit its oscillation
without interference from said shaft. The driving-shafts 13, may be driven in any
suitable manner, as for instance, as shown at the right hand of Figure 8, through a
train of gearing 14, 15, 16, from the gear d', on their respective impression-cylinder-
carriers, the said gears 14, 15 freely turning respectively on fixed studs 14*, 15*
secured in the machine framing and the gear 16 being fast on the shaft 13.
The ink is supplied to the distributing surface G of each form-carrier or bed by
means of a revolving duct roller 17, which turns in journal boxes which are fitted
to slots 21, in the arms 18, of a rotary carrier, the shaft 19 of which is furnished
with a spur gear 20, through which it derives motion from the stud gear 14, heroin-
before mentioned. The duct roller 17, and its carrier 18, belonging to one form bed
are shown at the left hand of Figure 8, and the gearing for driving the duct roller
of the other bed is shown at the right of the same figure. Behind the journal boxes
of the duct rollers 17, springs 22 are arranged in the slots 21, of its carrier arms 18.
These springs tend to force the said boxes and the duct roller outwards from the
axis of the carrier but permit it to move toward the said axis to accommodate itself
to the oscillating movements of the form-carrier. The said springs also press the
duct roller 17 against the ink-distributing cylinder 23, from which the said roller
takes its ink. The cylinder 23, receives ink from a duct roller 24, which takes it
from a fountain roller 25. The said cylinder derives motion from the shaft 19, of
its respective duct roller carrier through a spur gear 26, on said shaft gearing with
and driving an intermediate gear 27, which turns loosely on the stud 15, before
mentioned and drives a gear 28 on the shaft 29 of the said cylinder.
The ink rollers 4,4* carried by the endless chains or carriers are represented as
consisting of form rollers 4, and vibrating rollers 4* one set of rollers 4, 4*, for each
of the impression cylinders F or F1 to ink their respective forms prior to the
operation of each cylinder. Each set of rollers is represented, as shown in the per-
spective view Figure 11, as consisting of two pairs of form rollers 4 and two
vibrating rollers one of the latter for each pair of form rollers. The form
rollers 4 of each pair are journalled at each end in one of two yokes 30, which
are connected together at their adjacent ends by a pivot which carries one of
the rollers 7, hereinbefore mentioned which run on the tracks of the guides R.
At the other ends of the yokes 30, are rollers 31, (see Figure 11) which run or

page_text: the said tracks, as shown in Figure 10, the said rollers and rollers 7, before
mentioned, being confined to the guides R, by flanges R' which are secured to the
exteriors of said guides and between which and the said guides there are left
only slots 32, of a width sufficient for the rollers 7 and 31 to run in. In
Figure 10 the flange R' is represented as broken away to expose to view the
guide R and the rollers 7 and 31, running on it. The ends of the shafts of the
vibrating rollers 4* are secured firmly in their respective yokes 30. The form
rollers 4 are rotated by contact with the ink-disturbing surface G*, and with the
form g.
The vibrating rollers 4* derive rotary motion through spur gears 33,
fast upon them from spur gears 34, turning freely on short studs 35, carried by the
yokes 30, of the said gears 34, being caused to rotate by running on toothed
racks 35, which are affixed to the form carriers and which conform to the guides R
as shown at the right of Figure 8.
The movement of the endless chains by the sprocket wheel 12, causes the ink
rollers 4, to roll alternately over the distributing surface G* on the back of the
form carrier or bed and over the form on the bed and so to take the ink from
said surface and give it to the form. In this operation the flanges R₁, so confine
the rollers 7 and 31, to the guide R, confine the gears 34 to the racks 35* and
confine the chains to the sprocket wheels 12, that perfect operation of all the parts
is insured.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
First. The combination in a printing machine of a rotary impression cylinder
the axis of which is caused to revolve about a fixed axis, and an oscillating
form-carrier for presenting a printing form to said cylinder; substantially as herein
described.
Second. The combination in printing machine, of a revolving cylinder-carrier, a
rotary impression cylinder journalled in said carrier at a distance from the centre
thereof, and an oscillating bed or form-carrier for presenting a printing form to
said cylinder during the rotation of the latter on its own axis and its revolution
with the first named carrier; substantially as herein described.
Third. The combination in a printing machine of a revolving impression-
cylinder-carrier, a rotary impression cylinder journalled in said carrier at a distance
from the axis thereof, an oscillating bed or form-carrier, a stationary interrupted
circular rack, rack on the said bed or form-carrier adapted to connect with said
stationary rack, and a gear ou said cylinder for running in said two racks;
substantially as herein set forth.
Fourth. The combination in a printing machine, of a revolving impression-
cylinder-carrier, a rotary impression-cylinder journalled in said carrier at a distance
from the axis thereof, and a cam-actuated form-bed for presenting a printing form
to said impression-cylinder; substantially as herein described.
Fifth. The combination in a printing machine, of a revolving impression-
cylinder carrier a rotary impression cylinder journalled in said carrier and an
oscillating bed or form carrier having a way in one side thereof to engage with a
portion of said impression-cylinder-carrier to maintain the said bed or form-carrier
in proper relation to the cylinder for printing; substantially as herein set forth.
Sixth. The combination in a printing machine, of a revolving impression-
cylinder-carrier, a plurality of rotary impression-cylinders journalled in said carrier
at a distance from the axis thereof, and an oscillating bed or form-carrier
which is caused during every revolution of said carrier to oscillate back and
forth as many times as there are cylinders in said carrier; substantially as herein
set forthi
Seventh. The combination in a printing machine of two oscillating form-beds
two revolving impression-cylinder-carriers one for each of said beds, a rotary
impression cylinder journalled in one of said carriers distant from the axis thereof

page_text: for printing one side of a sheet from a form on one of said beds, and a rotary
impression-cylinder journalled in the other of said carriers distant from the axis
thereof for printing the other side of said sheet from a form on the other of said
beds, substantially as herein set forth.
Eighth. The combination in a printing machine, of two oscillating form beds two
revolving impression-cylinder-carriers one for each of said beds, rotary impression-
cylinders journalled in said carriers, a cam for imparting motion to one of the said
beds, and a connection substantially as herein described between the said beds whereby
one is caused to derive motion from the other.
Ninth. The combination in a printing machine of a revolving impression-cylinder-
carrier, a rotary impression-cylinder journalled in said carrier at a distance from
the axis thereof, an oscillating bed, a rotary gripper-carrying shaft journalled
in said carrier and geared with said impression cylinder, and grippers carried
by said shaft for presenting sheets to said impression-cylinder; substantially as
herein set forth.
Tenth. The combination in a printing machine, of a revolving impression-
cylinder-carrier, a rotary impression-cylinder journalled in said carrier at a distance
from the axis thereof, a form-bed, an endless carrier for feeding the paper to be
printed, a rotary gripper-carrying shaft jornalled in said impression-cylinder-
carrier and grippers carried by said shaft for transferring sheets from said endless
carrier to said cylinder substantially as herein set forth.
Eleventh. In a printing machine the combination with an oscillating bed or
form-carrier, of an ink-distributing surface arranged at the back of said bed or
carrier in fixed relation therewith, ink rollers, and an endless carrier oscillating
with said bed or form-carrier and ink-distributing surface for carrying said rollers
in contact alternately with said distributing surface and with a form on said bed
or form-carrier; substantially as herein described.
Twelfth. The combination in a printing machine, of a revolving cylinder-carrier
and a rotary impression-cylinder journalled therein, an oscillating bed or form-
carrier and a shaft for the same, an ink-distributing surface on the back of said bed
or form-carrier, an endless ink-roller carrier surrounding the said shaft, and ink
rollers in said carrier arranged to run over the said surface and over a form on the
bed or form-carrier, substantially as herein set forth.
Thirteenth. In a printing machine, the combination with a revolving cylinder-
carrier, a rotary impression-cylinder journalled in said carrier, and an oscillating
bed or form-carrier and a shaft for the same, of an ink-distributing surface on the
back of said bed or form-carrier, endless chains surrounding the said shaft, supporting
wheels and guides for the said chains attached to the bed or form-carrier and ink-
rollers carried by said chains, substantially as herein set forth.
Fourteenth. In a printing machine the combination with a revolving cylinder-
carrier, a rotary impression cylinder journalled therein and an oscillating bed or
form-carrier and a shaft for the same, of an ink-distributing surface on the back of
said bed or form-carrier, ink rollers and endless chains for carrying the same
surrounding said shaft, supporting wheels and guides for the said chains attached
to said carrier, a separate driving shaft for said chains and chain wheels on
said driving shaft engaging directly with the said chains, all substantially as herein
described.
Fifteenth. The combination with the oscillating bed or form-carrier having an
ink-distributing surface on its back, of a duct roller and a rotary carrier within
which and towards and from the axis of which the said roller is capable of a
movement to accomodate itself to the oscillating movement of said surface,
substantially as herein set forth.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.