IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE Manufacture of Carpets, RUGS, AND SIMILAR FABRICS
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Michael Tomkinson and William Adam, both of Kidder-
minster, in the County of Worcester, Carpet and Rug Manufacturers, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE
Manufacture of Carpets, RUGS, AND SIMILAR FABRICS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Michael Tomkinson and
William Adam at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st
December 1876.
MICHAEL TOMKINSON and WILLIAM ADAM, both of Kidderminster, in the
County of Worcester, Carpet and Rug Manufacturers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CARPETS AND RUGS, AND
SIMILAR FABRICS."
Our Invention has reference to improvements upon a former Patent granted to
us on the 26th of October, 1876, and numbered 4150, and has for its object an
advantageous method of simplifying the process of weaving or setting chenille
carpets or rugs, to economize labour in the manufacture of the same by the employ-
ment of two treddles, three upper rollers or tumblers, and double catcher (or chain
for binding the pile of the fabric) with corresponding leaves or shafts, as shewn in
the Drawing of the said former Patent, together with the following addition for the
production of a double shed in place of the triple described in aforesaid Patent, and
consists in attaching a balance weight or otherwise to the front roller on the top of
the loom so as to give the required counteraction or tension to the catcher chain ou
releasing the foot from the treddles, also lifting or raising the float, warp, or chain
by the introduction of a third roller or tuinbler on the top of the loom by which the
float, warp, or chain is raised by the action of either of the two treddles. By this
arrangement we are enabled by the two treddles to accomplish what has hitherto
only been obtained by more treddles.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Michael Tomkinson and William Adam in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 21st June 1877.
MICHAEL TOMKINSON and WILLIAM ADAM, both of Kidderminster, in the
County of Worcester, Carpet and Rug Manufacturers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CARPETS AND RUGS, AND
SIMILAR FABRICS."
Our Invention has reference to improvements upon a former Patent granted to us
on the Twenty-sixth day of October, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six,
and numbered 4150, and has for its object an advantageous method of further simpli-
fying the process of weaving or setting chenille carpets and rugs, and economizing
labour in the manufacture of the same by the production of a double shed in place
of the triple system previously described in the Patent above mentioned, to effect
which we now employ two treddles, three upper rollers or tumblers, and double
catcher or chain for binding the pile of the fabric in conjunction with corresponding
leaves or shafts shewn in the said former Patent, and consists in attaching a balance
weight or similar mechanical appliance to the front roller on the top of the loom so
as to give the required counteraction or tension to the catcher chain on releasing the
foot from the treddles, also lifting or raising the float, warp, or chain, by the intro-
duction of a third roller or tumbler on the top of the loom, so that by the action of
either of the two treddles wo are enabled to accomplish more than hus hitherto only
been obtained by the employment of a greater number of treddles.
And in order that our said Invention may be more fully understood and readily
carried into effect, we now proceed to describe the same by aid of the accompany-
ing Drawing, reference being had to the letters and figures thereon marked (that
is to say):
The annexed Drawing represents a vertical side elevation of a detached portion
of a chenille rug loom, showing our improvements in connection therewith for pro-
ducing the double shed, in which A', A, A, are the three upper rollers on the top of
the loom over which the cords to shafts and heddles pass; B, B, pressure band and
pulley B¹ for controlling the action of the front roller; C, and C², counterbalance
weights attached to the front roller to be employed in place of the pressure band
and pulley as found desirable; D, D, shafts on which the heddles are fixed; E, E, eyes
or loops of heddles through which the chain and warp passes from the catcher
beam F, the dead-beam G, float beam H, and ground beain I, to the spike roll J, for
forming the double shed marked 1 and 2 in the Drawing; A², roller over which
cords pass to the shafts D for lifting or depressing the ground chain I and crossing
the dead chain G¹, as shewn; K, the eye through which the dead chain G¹ (coloured
blue) passes to the spike roll J, so as to maintain the said chain always in the same
fixed position; L, L, double catcher chain which is lifted or depressed by the
treddles M and N in connection with the roller A¹, pulley B¹, or weights C and C¹,
the said weights C and C¹, or pulley B', with pressure band B having the effect of
causing the roller to remain stationary when the treddle N is released, thereby
allowing half the catcher chain L to remain fixed to form a shed whilst the pile of
the fabric is being inserted, thus when the treddle M is used the reverse action takes
place, the other portion of the catcher chain L is raised, and the first half portion
above described is depressed, so that every time either of the treddles is released the
double ground chain P and float chain Q, with one-half of the catcher chain L meet
at the dead chain G¹, by the effect of which the double shed is produced; R, R, cords
secured to each treddle M and N, from the roller A³ or from the lamb A* for lifting
the float at each movement of the treddles; S, S, woven fabric; T, T, reed or sley;
U, elastic band or spring for giving the counter reaction to the treddle motion in
connection with the roller A³. Thus by this simple arrangement of the pressure
pulley and band B and B', or weights O and C¹, in connection with the method of
lifting the catcher chain and warp through the medium of the two cords and treddles

page_text: we are enabled to make the two sheds in place of the three aforesaid by causing
the roller A³ to always raise the float chain in the same position as seen in the
accompanying Drawing; W, brackets for holding the eye K and dead chain in a
fixed position.
In conclusion, to the foregoing description we would here briefly note that instead
of the rollers, tumblers, or couper with the necessary weight attached could be used
for giving the counter action to the treddles in lieu thereof.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of this our said Invention
and the manner in which the same is to be performed and carried into effect, we
would have it clearly understood that we do not by any means intend to confine
ourselves to the precise details herein-before set forth and described, as the same
may be otherwise varied without departing from the general principle of this our
said Invention, nor do we claim as new and of our said Invention the exclusive use
of the several parts, combinations, and processes herein-before described except when
the same are employed in and for the purposes of our said Invention, which we
hereby declare to consist in simplifying the construction of looms and method of
weaving chenille carpets and rugs by setting up the heddles so as to open a double
shed in place of our triple arrangement through the intervention of three top rollers,
tumblers, or coupers, and front pulley with pressure band and counterbalance
weights, together with the mode of raising the different chains by the action of
the two treddles, in the manner and for the purposes herein-before set forth and
described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Michael Tomkinson and William Adam, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Eighteenth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.