Improvements in Machines for Printing on a Web of Paper, Cutting the same into Sheets, and Folding and Associating the Sheets to Make up Products of Varying Dimensions.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Aug., 1889-Accepted, 21st Sent,, 1889
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by STEPHEN DAVIS TUCKER, of 504, Grand Street, in
the City of New York, United States of America, Printing Machine Manufacturer.]
Improvements in Machines for Printing on a Web of Paper, Cutting
the same into Sheets, and Folding and Associating the Sheets
to Make up Products of Varying Dimensions.
I HENRY EDWARD NEWTON of the Office for Patents, Bream's Buildings
Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
[
These improvements relate partly to printing machines in general, but more particu-
larly to what are known as Rotary Web Printing Machines," in which a web or
roll of paper is printed and cut into sheets, which sheets are folded and counted in
parcels of any desired number at great speed, and it is also designed to meet the
wants of those publishers who desire to issue newspapers, or similar periodicals, the
size or volume of which can be varied with different issues, by varying the width of
the web.
As illustrated in the drawings, this machine is what is termed a "Double Width"
mechanism, and the printing mechanism is composed of impression and type cylinders
and inking apparatus in the usual manner. The "form" cylinders are capacitated
to carry, four forms abreast or lengthwise of the cylinders, and two forms
circumferentially.
The web, after being printed, is conducted to the folding mechanism, where it
passes around a turning bar or bars, by which it is turned at right angles to its
previous course, and thence runs down to two folding mechanisms placed side by side.
In its passage to these folding mechanisms, the web is operated upon by a slitter, by
which it is divided longitudinally into two half-width webs, which are cut into sheets,
folded, and delivered, counted in packages, by the two folding mechanisms, as four-
page sheets. Or, one of the half width webs is, by the arrangement of the turning
bars, brought on top of the other, and this two-ply web is cut, folded, counted, and
delivered as eight-page sheets.
A full understanding of these improvements can be best given by illustrations, and
a somewhat detailed description of a web-printing and folding mechanism equipped
according to these improvements. All further preliminary description will therefore
be omitted, and a detailed description given, reference being had to the accompanying
drawings, in which Fig. 1, Sheet I, represents a side elevation of a double-width
web-printing and folding machine of the foregoing description. Fig. 2, Sheet II, is
a plan view of the same, showing the web of paper in progress through the machine.
Fig. 3, Sheet III, is an elevation of the folding end of the same machine. Fig. 3
shows a new manner of arranging the forms (type, stereotype, etc.) on the form
cylinders, and Fig. 3b a portion of a web of paper as printed from these forms.
«
This sheet, in connection with Sheets 1 and 2, shows the path of a broad web, of
maximum width, from the printing mechanism, to and around the turning bars,
when it is slit longitudinally into two half-width webs or sections, each of which
sections is folded longitudinally through its centre by a folding triangle; is cut, folded
transversely, and delivered as four page sheets, or newspapers, of, say, six columns to
page, and counted in packages.
the
Figs. 4, 5. and 6, Sheet IV, show in plan view, and in end and side elevation, the
folding mechanism, with the turning bars adjusted to bring two half-width webs slit
from a broad of minimum width centrally over the two folding triangles, to be
folded, cut, and delivered as four-page sheets or newspapers, of, say, five columns to
the page. It likewise shows plainly the space between the two half-width webs.

page_text: Figs. 7, 8, and 9, Sheet V, show in plan view, and in end and side elevations,
the folding machine with the turning bars adjusted to associate two half-width
webs of maximum width, by bringing one over the other. This two-ply web passes
to the right hand folding triangle, and is folded, cut, and delivered as eight-
page sheets composed of two separate four-page sheets of six columns to the page.
Figs. 10, 11, and 12, Sheet VI, show similar views, with the turning bars adjusted
to associate two half-width webs of minimum width. This two-ply web is folded,
cut, and delivered as eight-page sheets, composed of two four-page sheets of five
columns to the page.
Figs. 13 and 14, Sheet VII, represent two plan views of the folding mechanism
for producing eight-page sheets only, and consequently there is but one folding
triangle. Fig. 13 shews the half-width webs of maximum width, and Fig. 14 half-
width webs of minimum width, with the turning bars in each Figure adjusted to
associate these half-width webs centrally over the folding triangle, to receive a
central longitudinal fold. It also shows the manner of adjusting the two turning bars
simultaneously to the different widths of webs, by means of two right and left hand
screws connected by bevel wheels. Four-page sheets can be produced by using a
half-width roll of paper.
Figs. 15, 16 and 17. Sheet VII, show in plan view, and in end and side elevation,
a folding machine in which the turning bars are fixed, and the folding triangles are
adjustable to and from each other, so as to give a longitudinal fold centrally to the two
half-width webs of different widths. In these Figures, the machine is represented
as folding half-width webs of maximum width, which are cut, folded, and delivered as
four-page sheets of six columns to the page.
Figs. 18, 19 and 20, Sheet IX, show similar views of the folding machine with the
triangles adjusted nearer together, so as to give a longitudinal fold centrally to the
two half-width webs of minimum width, which are cut, folded, and delivered as four-
page sheets of five columns to the page.
Figs. 21, 22 and 23, Sheet X, show similar views of a folding machine, in which
the two half webs of maximum width are brought one over the other, or associated,
by the turning bars. This two-ply web then passes to the right hand folding triangle,
which is adjusted to give it to a longitudinal fold centrally, after which it is cut,
folded, and delivered as eight-page sheets, composed of two four-page sheets of six
columns to the page.
Figs. 24, 25 and 26, Sheet. XI, show similar views of a folding machine, but in
this case the half width webs are of minimum width, and the right-hand folding
triangle is adjusted to give a longitudinal fold centrally to these associated webs,
which are then cut, folded, and delivered as eight-page sheets, composed of two
separate four-page sheets of five columns to the page.
Figs. 27 and 28, Sheet XII, show detached, and on an enlarged scale, in plan, end
view, and cross section, the turning bar made in two parts, as in Figs. to 12, and
the manner of adjusting these parts simultaneously by means of pinions and racks.
Figs. 29 show the adjustable folding triangles and their appendages, and Figs. 30
show, detached, the junction piece that may be removed from, or inserted between
the folding triangles, when they are to be adjusted to or from each other.
It is often required that the eight-page sheets should not be composed of two
separate four-page sheets, as in the instances heretofore described, but that they
should be delivered in a single sheet. Figs. 31 and 32, Sheet XIII, represent a
diagrammatic sectional view of the "form" and impression cylinders of the printing
machine, and of the cutting, folding and collecting cylinders of the sheet-delivering
apparatus; and Fig. 33 shows a portion of a broad printed web intended to be cut
into eight-page sheets, and folded entire by a cylinder, as described in specification of
Letters Patent No. 3105 of 1875, or they may be collected on a cylinder several
at a time, and flown open, as described in specification of Letters Patent No. 2561 of
Figs. 34, Sheet XIV, show in plan and end views, a
"form and impression
cylinder, and a portion of a broad weh printed by them; also the manner in which
1872.
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page_text: it is cut longitudinally and transversely into eight-page sheets. Figs. 35 show in
plan and end views, the cutting, folding, and collecting cylinders employed in the
arrangement shewn in Figs. 31 and 32, Sheet XIII, and the manner in which the
cutters, grippers, folding blades, and switches on opposite ends of these cylinders, are
arranged one in advance of the other to agree with the positions of the pages on the
printed web.
Fig. 36, Sheet XV, represents in diagrammatic sectional view, the form and
impression cylinders of a printing machine, and a portion of a broad web printed
from them. Fig. 37 shows this web slit into two half-width webs, one of which, by
passing around a registering roller, is made to register with the other, so that they
can be cut transversely into eight-page sheets, which sheets can be folded entire, or
flown open by cutting, folding, and collecting cylinders of the ordinary construc-
tion. Figs. 38 show end and plan views of these cutting, folding, and collecting
cylinders.
Fig. 39 and 40, Sheet XVI, represent in end and side elevation, the mechanism for
counting the sheets in parcels of any predetermined number.
Figs. 41, 42, 43 and 44, Sheet XVII, represent an improvement in the inking
apparatus, by which the roller in the ink fountain is prevented from turning from the
friction of the fast-running taking roller, when this latter roller comes in contact with
it to receive a supply of ink, Figs. 41, 42 being side and end elevations of a portion
of the printing machine, and Figs. 43 & 44 shew, detached, parts of the inking
apparatus in detail.
Referring, now, to Figs. 1 to 13, for the purpose of particularly describing an
arrangement of web turners for use in connection with a folding mechanism, which
enables webs of different widths to be presented to said folding mechanism in proper
position to receive the fold, it is to be understood. that the delivery mechanism, as
herein shewn, consists, essentially, of a web-turning, or turning and associating
mechanism, composed of turning bars 30, 31, a folding mechanism consisting of two
longitudinal folders 40, 41, arranged side by side; two transverse cutting, or cutting
and folding mechanisms, composed of the cylinders 42, 43, and their auxiliaries; and
suitable sheet laying or piling mechanism, consisting, in the case shewn, of the usual
S-shaped flies 44.
The turning bars 30, 31, forming the web turning, or turning and associating
mechanism, are arranged obliquely across the path of the web, in the usual manner.
The bar 31 extends entirely across the web, and is so arranged, that when the web is
led around this bar, it will be turned at right angles to its previous course, and pass
forward under a slitting cutter, which slits it longitudinally into two narrow webs,
which run side by side, one to each of the longitudinal folders 40, 41. The bar 30
is of less length, and is arranged parallel to, and in advance of the bar 31, and at
such a distance therefrom that when one-half of the web is led around each bar,
the two halves will be turned at right angles to their previous course, and pass
forward one above the other, so as to be associated, and pass together over the
folder 41.
The bar 30 is supported at its ends in supports 29, which are made adjustable
upon bearings 28, formed upon, or secured to the framework of the machine. The
arrangement of the supports 29 and bearings 28 is such that the bar 30 can be
adjusted to and from the bar 31, and yet preserve its parallel relation with the latter.
The bar 31 is made in two parts 8, 9, as will be more particularly referred to hereafter
with reference to Figs. 27 and 28. The meeting ends of the two parts of the bar
are halved together, so that when they are brought into line, as in Fig. 1, they form
a continuous turner. The two parts 8, 9, are provided with projecting arms 7, by
which they are secured to a supporting bar, 32, which extends obliquely across the
machine. The arms 7 are slotted so as to permit the parts 8, 9, to be adjusted
to and from the bar 30, and yet preserve their parallel relation thereto. The slotted
arus in their inner faces carry rack teeth, into which take pinions on a shaft carried
in bearings from the supporting bar 32. This shaft is furnished with a hand wheel,
the turning of which will move the two parts 8, 9, in reverse directions, the rack teeth

page_text: .
being arranged on the upper and lower sides of the arms, as shewn at Figs. 28. The
purpose of the adjustinent of the bar 30, and the parts 8, 9, of the bar 31, will be
made clear when the operation of the apparatus is explained.
The cutting, or cutting and folding mechanisms, as herein referred to, may be of
any suitable construction. Such mechanisms being well known, need not be herein
described in detail.
The remaining features in the construction of the delivery apparatus will be
described in connection with an explanation of the manner of using the apparatus.
In such explanation, it will be first assumed that it is desired to deliver the printed
product from the longitudinal folders in the form of folio, or four-pago papers, the
sheets being of maximum size. In such case, the web A will be of full width, and
having been perfected by any suitable form of web printing mechanism, will be con-
ducted over the usual roll 10, and thence forward above the turning bar 31. 11
passing to the folders 40, 41, the web will be split longitudinally by a slitter 36.
focated above the roll 16, or in any other convenient position, and operating in the
usual manner. By this means the web will be split into two narrow webs a, b, one
of which will pass over each of the folders.
To aid in conducting the web to the bar 31, suitable tapes, as 5, 6, may be
provided. In the case assumed, the two parts 8, 9, forming -the bar 31, will be
adjusted into line, as shewn in Fig. 2, and the web will be conducted downward around
the two parts of the bar, so as to turn at right angles to its previous course, and it
will be led thence outward around a roll 26, and inward over the roller 16, to the
two longitudinal folders 40, 41, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3. The two webs will
be longitudinally folded along their centres by the folders in the usual manner, and
after being folled, will pass to the cutting cylinders 42, 43, to be severed into sheets,
which sheets may then pass directly to the piling mechanisms, or be first folded, and
then pass to the piling mechanisms. The product delivered in this case will consist of
single independent sheets of maximum size.
Assuming now that it is desired to produce a product consisting of two sheets of
the maximum size, associated and folded longitudinally, the operation will be the
same, except that the slitter 36 will be thrown out of operation, for which purpose,
the slitter is made removable from its shaft, and a slitter 27, located above the roll 10,
will be put into operation, so that the web will be split to form the webs a, b, before
it arrived at the turning bars, and the web a, instead of being led around the part 9
of the bar 31, will be led forward and around the bar 30, as shewn in Figs. 7, 8,
and 9. The web 6, after passing around the part 8 of the bar 31, will be led around
a roll 25.
The
From the rolls 25, 26, the two webs will be led inward, so as to be associated, and
pass together over the longitudinal folder 41, where they will both be folded, and after-
wards severed into sheets, and delivered in the manner already described.
web, will, in this case, after leaving the roll 26, pass beneath the register roll 24,
which is made adjustable, so as to effect the proper register between the printed pages
of the two webs. If it is desired to unite the two sheets forming the product, a
paster 33 may be provided, which will operate to apply a line of paste to one of the
webs on the line of the longitudinal fold, so that when the two webs are associated in
passing over the folder 41, they will be united along this line.
Assuming, now, that it is desired to deliver a product consisting of single sheets,
but of less than the maximum size, one or more columns will be omitted from the side
of the page, and the web A, after being perfected in the manner already described,
will be slit centrally by the slitter 27, and will pass forward above the turning bar 31.
The two webs a, b, being, however, in this case, narrower than in the first case, it
becomes necessary, in order to cause thou to be folded centrally by the folders 40, 41,
that they should be separated from each other a distance in proportion to the reduction
in the width of the web A, as otherwise the folds made by the folders 40, 41, would
not be in the centres of the webs. To effect this necessary separation of the webs,
the parts 8, 9, of the bar 31, are adjusted to the position shewn in Figs. 4, 5 and 6.
That is to say, the part 8 is adjusted forward, so as to bring the centre of the web b,

page_text: when it has passed the bar 8, in line with the point of the folder 41, while the part 9
is adjusted rearward, so as to bring the centre of the web a, in a similar manner, in
line with the point of the folder 40. By this means, the webs, after being turned
around their respective parts of the bar 31, so as to pass forward at right angles to
their previous course, as in the case first described, are separated a certain distance
from each other.
To compensate for this change in the position of the turning bar, and preserve the
proper register of the printed pages upon the webs with the cutting cylinders, the
web a, instead of being led around the roll 26, is led around a roll 23, by which its
travel is increased, to correspond with the changed position of the part 9 of the
bar 31, while the web bis led around a similar roll 22, located so as to change the
travel of that web, to conform to the changed position of the part 8 of the bar 31.
Assuming, now, that it is desired to produce a product consisting of two of these
smaller sheets associated and folded, the web b will be led around the part 8 of the
bar 31, which remains in the same position as last described, while the web a will
be led around the bar 30, but this bar, to conform to the change in the width of the
web a, will be adjusted inward from the position shewn in Fig. 7, to the position shewn
in Figs. 10, LL, and 12, thus bringing the web a in line with the web and the
folder 41. The two webs a, b will thus be associated and folded the same as described
in producing the similar product with sheets of the maximum size.
In this case,
however, the web a, instead of being led around the roll 25, will be led around a
roll 21, suitably located to correspond to the changed position of the bar 30.
In some cases it is required that the product of the web A shall be associated sheets
exclusively, and then it is only necessary to provide the delivery apparatus with one
folder, and in such case the part 9 of the turning bar 31 may be omitted.
Figs. 13 and 14 illustrate an organization of this character.
To produce a product consisting of two associated sheets of maximum size with the
machine thus organized, the web A will be of full width, and after being split by the
slitter 27, the narrow webs a b will be led around the bars 30, 31, as in Fig. 13, and to
the single folder 41, the same as before.
To produce a product consisting of two sheets of reduced size, a narrower web will
be used, and the bars 30, 31 will be adjusted toward each other, so that the narrower
webs, being led around the bars, will be properly presented to the folder.
A single sheet product may, however, be produced with the machine thus organized,
by using a half width web. If such product is to consist of a sheet of the maximum
size, the bar over which it turns will be adjusted to the position shown in Fig. 13,
while if the product is to consist of a sheet of less size, the bar will be adjusted
towards the other turning har.
To facilitate the adjustment of the bars 30, 31, they may in this case he mounted
upon supports 29, which are provided with nuts, which engage with right and left
hand screws 4, formed upon rods 20, which are provided with bevel gears 19, which
engage with similar gears 18 upon a shaft 34, having a hand wheel 35. By operating
the band wheel 35, the bars 30, 31 can readily be adjusted to and from each other
with perfect accuracy, and to any desired extent. In this case, the roll 26 may be
mounted in swinging arms, by which it may be adjusted to different positions to correct
any irregularity in the register of the webs, caused by any change in the position of
the turning bars.
The gearing for driving the various parts and the connecting mechanisms, are for
the most part shown in the drawings, but it is not necessary to describe these parts in
detail, because they are of the ordinary form, and will be readily understood by any
one familiar with this class of machines.
Referring now to Figs. 15 to 29, which relate to an organization of longitudinal
folders for use in connection with a web printing mechanism, which enables webs of
different widths to be operated upon by said folders and properly folded, the folders
40, 41, together with their external turners 2, and fold-laying rolls 3, instead of
being supported in fixed positions in the main frame C, are supported in supple-
mental frames D, which are arranged within the main frame C, and are supported

page_text: upon the said main frame, so as to be adjustable laterally thereon, so that the
folders 40, 41, and their adjuncts, can be moved to and from each other.
For the purpose of readily adjusting the frames carrying the folders, they are pro-
vided with nuts 4, in which work right and left hand screws formed upon the rods 5*,
which are supported in bearings secured to the main frame C, so as to be incapable of
longitudinal movement therein, and are provided with hand wheels 19, by which they
can be conveniently operated.
In explaining the manner of using this mechanism, it will be first assumed that it is
desired to produce and deliver sheets of the maximum size. In such case, the
frames D, and the folders 40, 41, will be adjusted to the position shown in Figs. 15, 16,
and 17. A web A, of maximum width, will be used, and after having been perfected
by any suitable form of web printing mechanism, it will be conducted over the usual
roll 16 at the tops of the longitudinal folders. On passing this roll, or at some other
convenient point before arriving at the folders, the web will be acted upon by a
slitter 36, so as to be split centrally into two webs a and b, each of which will be led
over its respective longitudinal folder. In passing the folders, the webs a and b will
be folded longitudinally in the usual manner, and will then pass into the control of the
cylinders 42, 43, and be severed into sheets, which sheets will be folded and delivered
to and piled by the flies.
Assuming now that it is desired to produce and deliver a product consisting of
sheets of less than the maximum size, if the columns run around the cylinders, one or
more columns will be omitted from the forms, and a web A, of correspondingly less
width, will be used. This web, after being perfected, will be split into two webs.
which will be led over their respective longitudinal folders, the same as at first
described. The web A, being in this case less than the maximum width, the webs a
and b will of course be of proportionately less with, and it will readily be seen that
if the folders 40, 41 remained in the same position when operating upon these
narrower webs that they formerly occupied, the webs would not pass over the folders
in position to be folded centrally, and, as a result, the sheets produced would not be
properly folded.
When therefore the width of the webs a and b is reduced, so as to
produce sheets of less than the maximum size, the frames D, carrying the folders 40, 41,
are adjusted inward toward each other; which can readily be done by operating the
screw rods 5*, so as to bring the folders into such position that the webs will pass over
the folders in position to be folded centrally. The operation will then be the same as
first described.
To permit the folders to be thus adjusted toward each other, the inner internal
guides 8* of the two folders, where they come together and intersect at the tops of
the folders, are provided with a removable V-shaped portion 9* (see Figs. 30), which
is secured in position by bolts, and can be readily removed, to allow the two folders to
be adjusted toward each other, and inserted to form continuations of the internal
guides 8, when the folders are adjusted from each other to act upon webs of the
maximum width.
The rolls 3 are geared together in the usual manner, and are driven through inter-
mediates froin gears upon the cylinders 42, 43. The intermediates are carried by the
frames D, but are so positioned that the movement of the frames, in adjusting the
positions of the folders, will not carry them out of engagement with the gears upon
the cylinders 42, 43.
The remaining gearing for imparting motion to the various parts of the delivery
apparatus, is of the ordinary form and arrangement, and will be readily understood,
without a detailed description. The roll 16, over which the web passes at the tops of
the folders, is positively driven, and, in order to secure a positive feed of the webs at
this point, this roll may be provided with a companion roll, so mounted as to be
capable of being raised to facilitate the introduction of the web in starting. The
slitter may be arranged so that it can be raised out of operative position for the same
purpose.
As illustrated in Figs. 15 to 20, the delivery apparatus is capacitated to deliver
only single sheets, but it will of course be understood that by providing the usual web

page_text: associating mechanism, the two webs a and b can be associated, and led over one of
the folders, if it should be desired in any case to capacitate the mechanism to produce
and deliver products consisting of two sheets. Two arrangements of the folding
inechinism for this purpose are shown at Figs. 21 to 2C. Figs. 21 to 23 shew an
arrangement in which webs of maximum width are associated, folded, and delivered
as eight-page sheets of 6 columns to the page. Figs. 24 to 26 shew an arrangement
in which the half-width webs are of minimum width, and are associated, folded, and
delivered as 8-page sheets of 5 columns to the page. As herein shown, the trans-
verse cutting and folding mechanisms are arranged at right angles to the printing
cylinders, but if it should be preferable to arrange these mechanisins parallel with the
printing cylinders, it can readily be done by employing a web-turner or turners to
turn the web at right angles to the direction in which it leaves the printing mechanism.
It is also to be understood that three or more longitudinal folders may be arranged
side by side, and made adjustable in the same manner as described in connection with
the two folders.
It has heretofore been common in web printing machines, where two or more forms
were carried abreast lengthwise of the form cylinders, to so place the forms upon the
cylinders, that the ends of the forms, or sides, as the case might be, would be in line
with each other lengthwise of the cylinder.
It has been found, in practice, that where the form cylinders are of considerable
length; say, of sufficient length to carry three or four forms abreast, and the forms
are arranged in this manner, the quality of the printing produced by different parts
of the forms is not quite uniform, that is to say, there will appear in the impression of
each form, near the advance end of the impression, a portion which is lighter, or
of poorer quality than the remainder of the impression, and this is particularly
noticeable in the impressions produced by those forins located at or near the middle
of the length of the cylinders.
This defect, while it is not sufficiently marked to present a very serious objection
in ordinary newspaper work, is such as to be objectionable where a fine quality of
printing is required, and it can be overcome by imposing the forms upon the cylinder,
so that they will break joints longitudinally of the cylinder.
It is found, in practice, that by thus arranging the forms, the lack of uniformity
between the different parts of the impression made by each form is entirely overcome.
This is probably due to the fact that in the old arrangement, where all of the
forms were arranged in line lengthwise of the cylinder, the ends of all the forms in
each row were caused to come into engagement with the impression cylinder and the
inking rolls at the same time, and this probably caused a slight vibration in the form
cylinder and inking rolls, which resulted in the defective impression given by the
advance portion of the forms, whereas, by the present arrangement, some of the
forms are always in contact with the impression cylinder and inking rolls, and thus
the tendency to vibrate is destroyed.
This method of imposing the forms is illustrated at Figs. 3, which show an
impression and a form cylinder arranged as described above, and at Fig. 3b, which
shews a portion of the web printed thereby. Figs. 31 to 35 illustrate the delivery
mechanism, which is adapted to operate upon a web perfected by forms imposed
according to the aboved stated method.
Referring to the said Figures, and to Figs. 1 and 2, it is to be understood that E
represents the form cylinders, and F the impression cylinders of an ordinary form of
web-printing mechanism. These cylinders may be arranged in any suitable manner,
and may be of any suitable size.
"double
As illustrated in the drawings, the printing mechanism is what is termed a
width"
mechanism, and the form cylinders are capacitated to carry four forms e
abreast, or lengthwise of the cylinders, and two forms circumferentially. As shown
in the drawings, these forms are arranged with their columns of matter extending
circumferentially of the cylinders, but the forms may in some cases be arranged so
that the columns extend longitudinally of the cylinders, if preferred.

page_text: The forms e, instead of being so arranged upon the cylinder, that their adjacent
ends are in line with each other lengthwise of the cylinder, as heretofore, (as best.
shown in Fig. 3ª, Sheet III), that they break joints, thus causing the blank margins f
between the printed pages, which correspond to the spaces between the ends of
the forms, to fall in different positions lengthwise of the web A, as indicated in
Fig. 3. The forms e are secured upon the form cylinders by the usual locking
devices, which are suitably positioned to correspond to the position of the forms.
The impression cylinders F are provided with the usual blankets and tympan sheets,
the ends of which are secured in recesses formed in the cylinders in the usual manner,
the only difference being, that the recesses are arranged to correspond with the
arrangement of the forms e on the form cylinder, so that the spaces between the
forms will fall opposite the recesses in the impression cylinder, as they revolve
together.
The web A, after being perfected, is acted upon by a slitter m, by which it is
split upon the central margin line between the printed pages, and then passes between
a pair of cutting cylinders G, provided with blades g, and co-operating grooves g²,
which act to positively sever the two narrow webs in the usual manner.-By
reason, however, of the arrangement of the forms e upon the formn cylinders, the
blank margins do not, as hereinbefore described, fall in line widthwise of the web,
and the blades and grooves are therefore so arranged that each extends only
one half of the length of the cylinders G, and in different positions circumferentially
of the cylinders. to correspond with the positions of the blank margins f.
The webs ab, having been partially severed into sheets by the blades g', pass into
the control of the accelerated tapes 5, 6, which are arranged in the usual manner, and
which operate to complete the severance of the sheets, and the sheets are then
delivered by said tapes onto a collecting cylinder H, which operates in the usual
manner to collect the sheets into pairs or lots to form the complete product.
The collecting cylinder H is provided with the usual switches h, which operate to
direct the pairs of sheets off the cylinder in the usual manner. By reason, however, of
the arrangement of the forms, the heads of the sheets of each collected lot will occupy
different positions upon the cylinder. The switches for each end of the cylinder are
therefore mounted upon separate shafts (see Figs. 35), which are operated by separate
cams of the usual description, located at the opposite sides of the machine, the cams
being constructed to act at different times, so that the respective switches will operate
at the proper times to direct the sheets from the opposite ends of the cylinder. The
sheets thus directed from the cylinder may be conducted in the usual manner to a
folding cylinder, such as I, Figs. 31 and 35, having sheet grippers i, which operate to
take and release the sheets at the proper times, and folding blades i¹, which operate to
fold the sheets between folding rolls, from which they pass to any suitable form of
final delivery mechanism.
Each set of the grippers i extends only one-half the length of the cylinder I, and
the two sets are located in different positions circumferentially of the cylinder, to
correspond to the difference in time at which the collected sheets will arrive at the
opposite ends of the cylinder, and the folding blades are similarly arranged to cor-
respond to the position of the grippers. Each set of the grippers i, and each folding
blade, is operated by a cam in the usual manner, and the cams for the respective
grippers and folding blades are located upon the opposite sides of the machine.
In some cases, it may be preferred to dispense with the gathering cylinder H and
its switches, and to cause the sheets, when collecting is desired, to be collected upon
the folding cylinder 1-To operate in this manner, the folding cylinder may be pro-
vided with a set of vibrating tapes, which act to retain the first sheet or sheets of each
lot upon the cylinder, and cause it or them to be carried around and associated with
the next succeeding sheet, and then operate to release the sheets, and permit them to
be folded off by the blades . The tapes will of course be divided into two sets, each
occupying one half of the length of the cylinder I, and will be vibrated at different
times, to correspond to the positions of the grippers i.

page_text: Instead of the grippers i and switches h, any of the other well known forms of sheet-
retaining and directing devices may be employed, and are to be regarded as the
equivalent of the devices shown.
When the web has been perfected by forms arranged as has been described, instead
of organizing the transverse cutting mechanism so that it will operate to sever one
half of the web at one point, and the other half at another point, to correspond to the
difference in position lengthwise of the blank margins, it may be arranged to so
manipulate one or both of the narrow webs formed by slitting the web longitudinally,
as to bring the pages upon the two webs into register.
When this is desired, it may be accomplished in the manner illustrated at figs. 36,
37, and 38.
For this purpose, the web A, after having been perfected, is operated upon by a
slitter m, by which it is divided into two narrow webs a b, one of which passes directly
between the cutting cylinders G, while the other is led around a register roll J, and
then passes between the cutting cylinders by the side of the first web.
The register roll J is so positioned that the extra travel given to the portion of
the web which is led around it, is just equal to the distance which the blank
margins upon the web a. which is led around the roll, are in advance of the cor-
responding margins upon the web b, which passes directly to the cutting cylinders.
By this means, the blank margins, and the printed pages upon the two webs, aro
brought into exact register as they arrive at the cutting cylinders, so that the
blade g and groove upon those cylinders, can extend the entire length of the
cylinders, and operate to sever, or partially sever, the web in the usual manner,
after which the web is operated upon by any suitable form of delivery mechanism,
and treated in the same manner as a web perfected in the ordinary way, as hereto-
fore practised. Suitable cutting, folding, and collecting cylinders are shewn at
figs. 38, sheet XV.
Of course, where it is desired to associate the two parts of the web after it has
been spli longitudinally by the slitter, and before it is separated into sheets by the
use of turning bars, the turning bar or bars around which one of the webs passes,
may be so adjusted as to perform the function of the register roll J, or, in those cases
where a roll forms part of the web-associating mechanism, such roll may be adjusted
to perform the same function.
The means for marking or indicating the regular divisions in the pile of news-
papers or other product delivered from a printing machine, so that the product
can be divided into lots containing any predetermined number, without the necessity
of counting, will now be described.
This mechanism can be employed with different forms of sheet-piling mechanism,
in which the sheets are deposited upon a slowly moving apron or tapes, to be con-
veyed from the machine, but is more especially adapted for use in connection with
those mechanisms in which the piling is effected by means of a
revolving Ay. It is
therefore, in the present case, illustrated as applied to such a piling mechanism.
Referring to figures 39 and 40, the final folding cylinders of a delivery mechanism,
which may be of any of the ordinary forms, are represented by 43; the tapes which
receive the sheets from those cylinders to convey them to the piling mechanism are
marked k, and 44 is a rotary fly of the well known construction.
The sheets, as they pass from the control of the tapes, are projected downward
in front of the guides l, and pass into the curved arms of the fly 44, by which they
are lowered, and finally brought against stops n, by which they are arrested and
deposited upon slowly moving tapes, or an apron o, to be slowly conveyed out of the
machine. The tapes o are driven in any suitable manner, as, for example, by means
of gearing K, connecting the shaft of the fly, which is suitably driven from any other
part of the machine, with the shaft p of one of the rolls around which the tapes pass.
As the successive sheets are piled one upon another upon the tapes, the tapes will
be moved forward steadily, so that the leading end of each sheet deposited (or what,
after the sheet is deposited, becomes its rear end) will be moved a short distance
away from the stops n, before the next sheet arrives at said stops, and thus the
B

page_text: sheets, instead of being piled directly upon one another, will be shingled or overlapped;
the amount of overlapping being uniform.
From this it will be seen, that in order to mark regular divisions in the pile of
sheets deposited upon the tapes, it is only necessary to cause one or more sheets, at
regular intervals in the pile, to project beyond the others, and it will also be seen,
that this result can be readily produced by arresting one or more sheets at regular
intervals at a point in advance of the stops n.
For this purpose there are provided one or more supplemental stops 9, which are
carried upon the ends of vibrating arms r, which are pivotted upon a rock shaft,
and so arranged, that when lowered into the position shown in figure 39, they will
be in position to arrest the sheets some distance in advance of the stops n
and that,
when raised, they will be above the guides, and out of the path of the sheets.
The shaft is provided with an arm, which is acted upon by a spring, the
tendency of which is to rock the shaft and carry the stops to their downward
position. The shaft is, however, provided with another arm, having a bowl,
which rides upon the periphery of a disc p', which is mounted upon the shaft p.
The disc pl is of such size, that, so long as the bowl of the armrests upon its
periphery, the shaft will be rocked to such a position as to hold the stops y in
their raised position, and out of the path of the sheets.
The disc is, however, provided around its periphery with one or more recesses p²,
into which, as the disc is revolved, the bowl of the arm 4 will drop temporarily, at
regular intervals, and thus allow the shaft to rock, and lower the stops y into the
path of the sheets, and thus arrest one or more sheets in advance of the others, so as
to cause them to overlap, and project, as indicated in fig. 39, and thus mark the
regular divisions in the pile. The number of sheets which will thus be arrested will
depend upon the length of time the stops are depressed, and this will be determined
by the extent of the recess. As soon, however, as one or more sheets have been
thus arrested, the bowl of the arm will pass out of the recess in the disc pl, and
rock the stops g back to their raised position, and allow the sheets to pass forward
against the stops n. The disc is so proportioned and timed, that the stops are
thus lowered, so as to arrest one or more sheets at such regular intervals as will
divide the pile of sheets into lots containing the desired predetermined number, as
indicated by the position of the sheets g in fig. 39. The disc p', as will be observed,
is timed to revolve comparatively slowly, and, in the case shown, there is only one
notch in the disc, so that the stops g. are lowered only once during each revolution
of the disc. If it is desired to make the subdivisions of the pile of sheets smaller,
the disc may be provided with more than one notch, so that the stops will be
lowered two or more times at each revolution of the disc. As the disc revolves
slowly, the stops q will, in practice, usually remain lowered a sufficient time to arrest
more than one sheet, even though the notch p is quite short, but the number of sheets
which will be arrested can be determined readily by increasing or diminishing the
length of the notch.
The improvements in the inking mechanism will be next described.
Referring to figures 41 to 44, E represents one of the form-cylinders; e¹ the form
rolls; e one of the ink distributing cylinders; and e³ the ink distributing rolls; these
parts being arranged in substantially the usual manner. The ink is supplied to the
distributing cylinder e by means of a vibrating transfer roll e, by which the ink is
taken from the usual fountain roll e, and transferred to the cylinder.
Mechanism is provided, as usual, to impart a reciprocating movement to the
distributing rolls, which, resting upon the surface of the distributing cylinder,
operate to effect the proper and even distribution of the ink.
In inking mechanisms of this class, it is necessary that the fountain roll should
be rotated with a step by step movement, so as to present inked portions of its
surface to the transfer roll at each vibration of the latter. Also, that the transfer roll
should be vibrated from the fountain roll to the distributing cylinder at proper intervals.
For this purpose, the transfer roll et is supported in the ends of arms 18*, pro-
jecting from a shaft 19*, which is provided with an arm 20*, to the end of which

page_text: is connected a rod 21*, having a bowl or stud 22, which is acted upon by a cam 23*,
mounted upon a horizontal shaft 24*, which extends along the base of the machine,
and is rotated through any suitable connection. By this means, the roll ef is vibrated
between the fountain roll and the distributing cylinder at each revolution of the
shaft 24*, thereby taking the ink from the former, and supplying it to the latter.
The pressure of the distributing roll against the fountain roll is regulated by means
of a regulating screw 25*, which acts against an arm 26*, extending from the shaft 19*,
so as to arrest the roll in its downward movement, and adjust its pressure against
the fountain roll. The movement of the transfer roll toward the distributing
cylinder is regulated by means of a turn buckle 27, with which the rod 21 iš
provided.
For the purpose of imparting the necessary rotary movement to the fountain
roll, the shaft of the roll is provided with a ratchet 28*, having V-shaped teeth,
which are engaged by a spring pressed holding pawl 29*. which is carried upon a
pawl-lever 30, having a stud which enters the forked end of a rod 31*, having, at
its lower end, a bowl or stud, which is acted upon by a cam 32*, mounted upon
the shaft 24. By this means, a step by step rotary movement is imparted to the
fountain roll. The stud of the lever 29* is permitted to play loosely in the forked
end of the rod 31*, and the pawl-lever 30* is provided with a handle 35*, by which
the lever can be operated by hand to rotate the fountain roll when it is desired to
give an extra supply of ink, for the purpose of inking up the machine.
For
The amount of ink supplied to the distributing cylinder in the regular operation
of the machine, is determined by the extent of movement given to the fountain roll
at each step, and this can be regulated by adjusting the pawl-lever so that the
pawl will be retracted a greater or less number of teeth at each vibration.
this purpose, there is located adjacent to the pawl lever, a segment bar 36, having
a number of openings arranged at different heights, and into any one of which
a pin may be inserted, so as to limit the extent of the retrograde movement of the
pawl. The vibrating transfer roll et is not driven positively, but when in contact
with the distributing cylinder, it receives a rotary motion simply by the frictional
contact, and as this cylinder is revolved at a high rate of speed, the transfer roll
acquires considerable momentum, so that it continues to revolve quite rapidly after
it has left the distributing cylinder and until it comes into contact with the
fountain roll. The momentum of the transfer roll is therefore liable, unless means
is provided for preventing it, to impart more or less movement to the fountain
roll, and thus cause over inking. To prevent this, there is provided a holding
pawl e, which is pivotted upon the framework, and arranged to engage with the
ratchet 28*, so as to hold the fountain roll, and prevent it from being moved by
the momentum of the transfer roll. This pawl e is positively actuated, and for
this purpose its tail piece is provided with a stud, which is engaged by two ribs
or projections 33*, 34*, formed upon the inner side of the bar 31, in such manner,
that as the bar is moved upward by the cam 32*, the stud will be engaged by
the projection 34*, so as to disengage the pawl from the ratchet 28*, in time to
permit the ratchet to be moved by the pawl 29*, while, upon the return move-
ment of the bar, the stud will be engaged by the projection 33*, so as to be reëngaged
with the ratchet, and will enter between the projections 33*, 34*, so as to be locked
in position, and held rigidly, to prevent the movement of the fountain roll by
frictional contact with the transfer-roll. There is sufficient lost motion between
the bar 31 and the stud of the arm 30*, to permit the pawl e to be disengaged
from the ratchet 28*, before the lever 30* is operated to advance the fountain roll.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The combination with a longitudinal folder, of a pair of turning bars made
adjustable to and from each other, whereby webs of different widths may be turned
and properly presented to said folder, substantially as described.

page_text: 2. The combination with a plurality of folders, of a turning bar 31, made in
sections, which are adjustable with relation to each other, whereby webs of different
widths may be turned, and properly presented to said folders, substantially as
described.
3. The combination with a pair of folders, of a pair of turning bars, which are
adjustable to and from each other, one of said bars being made in sections, which
are adjustable with relation to each other, substantially as described.
4. The combination with a pair of turning bars 30, 31, of the rods 20, having
the right and left hand screws for adjusting said bars to and from each other,
substantially as described.
5. The combination of a plurality of longitudinal folders composed of internal
guides and external turners arranged side by side, and each mounted so that they
can be adjusted to and from each other, substantially as described.
6. The combination with the stationary cutting and folding mechanism, of the
longitudinal folders 40, 41, composed of internal guides and external turners, said
folders being arranged side by side, and adjustable to and from each other, sub-
stantially as described.
7. The combination with the longitudinal folders 40, 41, arranged side by side,
and adjustable to and from each other, of the removable supplemental piece 9*,
forming extensions of the two inner internal guides of the folders, substantially as
described.
8. The combination with a forin cylinder carrying forms which break joints
longitudinally of the cylinder, of a pair of cutting cylinders having a plurality of
blades and grooves, each extending a part of the length of the cylinders, and
located in different positions circumferentially of the cylinders, substantially as
described.
9. The combination with a form cylinder carrying forms which break joints
longitudinally of the cylinder, of a pair of cutting cylinders having a plurality of
blades and grooves, each extending a part of the length of the cylinders, and
located in different positions circumferentially of the cylinders, and a sheet-
collecting mechanism, or a sheet-folding mechanism, in which the sheet-directing
device or sheet folding devices are timed, as the case may be, either to direct the
sheets from different portions at different times, or to conform to the cutting
mechanism, substantially as described.
10. The herein described method of imposing the forms upon a printing cylinder,
to secure uniformity in the printing, which consists in placing the forms upon the
cylinder, so that they break joints longitudinally of the cylinder, substantially as
described.
11. The combination with a rotary fly, the stops n to arrest the sheets as they
are delivered by the fly, and moving tapes or apron o to carry the sheets from
the fly, of the supplemental stops g, mounted to swing to the front of the stops n,
to arrest one or more sheets, and the notched disc p' for periodically operating
the supplemental stops, substantially as described.
12. The combination with the fountain roll, of the ratchet 28* and pawl 29*,
for advancing the roll, and the pawl e periodically engaging with the ratchet, to
lock the roll against advancement, substantially as described.
13. The combination with the fountain roll, of the ratchet 28* and pawl 29*,
for advancing the roll, the pawl e for locking the roll against advancement, and
the bar 31 for operating the two pawls, substantially as described.
Dated this 3rd day of August 1889.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.