motive, Marine, Colliery, or other Steam Engines.
Year: 1885

page_text: motive, Marine, Colliery, or other Steam Engines.
I AUGUSTUS LLOYD DAVIESS of 142 Catherine Street Doncaster in the County
of York Engineer do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for "AN
IMPROVED REVERSING AND EXPANSIVE APPARATUS FOR LOCOMOTIVE MARINE
COLLIERY OR OTHER STEAM ENGINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the construction application and use of an improved
and effective reversing and expansive apparatus or mechanical device for locomotive
marine colliery or other steam engines which are usually made or fitted with
reversing and expansion gear, the object of the invention being simplification of
the parts in, and the consequent more economical production of, such apparatus for
steam engines.
The invention consists in making solidly with, or in mounting or fitting on or to,
the crank or main shaft of the engine an eccentric reel or cylinder, which, if
separate, is made of steel wrought iron or other suitable metal, the reel or cylinder
is so mounted and fitted or made as to constitute or effect a double eccentric action
on the shaft, the centre lines of the axle and the eccentricity intersecting each
other in the middle of the reel or cylinder; around this reel or cylinder the
driving strap or belt passes which is in connection with and works a lever, which
works the valve rod of the engine.
This eccentric reel is made a perfectly parallel cylinder whether it is constructed
in two halves solid with the main shaft or otherwise, and the eccentricity of the
reel or the distance apart of the intersecting centres, which must be equal at both
ends of the reel, is made to suit the required traverse of the valve rod.
In reversing only one of the parts is caused to move, which can be either
the eccentric reel or the strap or belt, but whichever it is the other is held
stationary laterally, if it is the reel itself that moves then a retaining key may
either be fixed firmly in the reel and slide in a corresponding groove in the crank
axle or the key may be secured in the latter and the groove be made in the
reel, but it must be so made as to allow of easy sliding one over the other from
Bide to side.

page_text: The less the double eccentricity of the reel, even if it be made down to the
eighth of an inch, the better it will work, as the shortness of the stroke can always
be rectified by the distance apart of the centres on the lever and the length of the
lever. Every one sixteenth of lateral movement whether of the eccentric reel or
the strap or belt augments or decreases the traverse or stroke either in backward
(or reversing) or in forward (or expansive) gear, until when in the centre there is
no movement. If it be the strap or belt that moves then the double eccentric reel
or cylinder may be turned or made solidly out of the crank or main axle and not
put on separately.

page_text: παραμοινο αρραπανο 101
motive, Marine, Colliery, or other Steam Engines.
I AUGUSTUS LLOYD DAVIESS of 142 Catherine Street Doncaster in the County
of York Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for "AN
IMPROVED REVERSING AND EXPANSIVE APPARATUS FOR LOCOMOTIVE MARINE
COLLIERY OR OTHER STEAM ENGINES" and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement in writing and on reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings,
that is to say :-
This Invention relates to the construction application and use of an improved
and effective reversing and expansive apparatus or mechanical device for locomotive
marine colliery or other steam engines usually made or fitted with reversing and
expansion gear, the object attained by this invention being, simplification of the
parts in, and the consequent more economical production of, such apparatus for
steam engines.
In order that the practical carrying out of my said invention may be fully
understood I have illustrated it on the accompanying sheet of explanatory,
drawings, which I have marked with figures and letters of reference corre
sponding with those in the following description thereof, that is to say:
Figure 1, shows an elevation partly in section, and a side view of my eccentric
reel and strap.
Figure 2, shows an elevation partly in section and a side view of another form of
my eccentric reel and strap of hexagonal shape.
Figure 3, shows another form of my eccentric reel and strap.
Figure 4, shows a plan and side view of a cubical form of reel.
All these forms are parallel.
Figure 5, is a general side elevation.
Figure 6, is a general view on plan and partly in section.
Figure 7, is a general end view.
Figure 8, is a side view of the internal strap C, and Figure 9, is a section of the
same.
Like reference letters indicate the same parts in all the Figures..
-1
My Invention consists in making solidly with or in mounting, or keying fast, or
loose, or in fitting, on or to the crank axle or main shaft A, of the engine an
eccentric reel or cylinder B, which reel or cylinder, if separate, is made of steel
wrought iron or other suitable metal, and it is so mounted and fitted or made as to
effect a double eccentric motion or action on the crank axle or main shaft A, the
centre lines Y, of the crank axle and of the eccentricity X, intersecting each other
in the middle (Z), of the eccentric reel or cylinder B, as shown by the dotted or red
centre lines in all the Figures of the drawings.
Around the reel or cylinder the external strap or, belt D, passes, which strap, or
belt is made of steel or other suitable metal, and is in connection with and works a
lever which works the usual valve rod of the engine.
7
}
}

page_text: The reel B, which I call a double eccentric reel is made a perfectly parallel
cylinder or body, whether constructed in two halves, solid with the crank axle
or main shaft A, or otherwise. It is made of a regular form externally, such
as, fluted polygonal, cylindrical, or other regular form, or if requisite it can be
made cubical oval or other shape of parallel figure the opposite angles or sides of
which are parallel. It can be made either solidly with or keyed fast on the crank
axle or shaft A, or it can be keyed loosely so as to slide laterally on the crank axle
or shaft.
The reel can be so made as to be put on the crank axle in two halves and
secured like a common eccentric pulley.
The external form of the reel B, must however be such that a belt or strap C,
closely fitting it could not turn round on it, being only required to
though at the same time it must easily slide from end to end of it.
can either be put on in two halves or one of the flanges of the
afterwards secured.
turn with it,
This strap C,
reel B, can be
The main feature however of my invention is that the reel whatever its external
form is so placed keyed or forged on the crank axle A, as to assume a double
eccentricity with it, that is, the centre line Y of the crank axle A, and the centre
line X, of the reel B, cross each other in the middle (Z,) of the reel, the eccentricity
being double and the amount thereof being equal at each end of the reel.
The eccentricity of the reel or the distance apart of the intersecting centres,
which must be equal at both ends of the reel, is made to suit the required traverse
of the valve rod; while the centres of its flanges to be turned equally are taken
from the eccentric centre line of the reel B, inside the flanges.
C, is the internal strap or belt which is, and must be, made perfectly circular
outside though its outer edge F, can be either angular square or rounded and like
the reel B, it can be put on in two halves as it is completely circumbound by the
outer strap or belt D.
It should be observed that the strap or belt in its entirety (C, and D,) is double,
consisting of an external strap D, and an internal strap C. The hole through the
internal strap C, is, and must be, made to exactly fit the external form of the
reel B, whatever shape the reel is made; but it must not be made to fit it at any
angle nor yet at its smallest diameter such as across; it must be bevelled in such
a manner that as the reel B, lies in position on the crank axle A, the internal strap
or belt shall sit on it in a perfectly perpendicular fashion, that is, so as to be at
right angles every way with the centre line of the crank axle A, and not with the
centre line of the double eccentric reel B, and it must be so made that it will
slide laterally in the same perpendicular manner from one end of the reel to the
other.
When this apparatus is used for reversing, the internal strap or belt C, merely
slides from side to side, and does not, and must not, turn round on the reel B, nor
have any tendency that way, but must be so nicely fitted all round to the exterior
sliape of the reel B, that in a vertical position it will revolve in a straight line
with it as though it were merely a ring encircling the body of the crank axle A,
and if the parallel incline of the reel B, is ten, fifteen, twenty one, twenty five,
thirty six forty five or other required nuniber of degrees, the same degree of bevel
or incline must be observed in making the hole in the internal strap or belt C, and
as the bevel necessarily varies in going round the reel B, so must it also vary in
the orifice or hole of the internal strap or belt.
The peculiarity of fitting of the internal strap or belt C, on the exterior of the
double eccentric reel B, at right angles with the centre line of the crank axle A,
and not with its reel B, constitutes one of the important and novel features of my
invention.
The external strap or belt D, is merely an ordinary, doubly flanged strap or belt
which goes entirely round the inner strap or belt C, it is provided with rods or
levers H, which work in vertical slots J, in the guides G, (See Figures 5, 6, and 7,)

page_text: so as to direct and steady the strap or belt D, in working; one of the rods or
levers H, forms the eccentric rod.
I, is an intermediate lever to be used only for extra long traverse, and K is the
valve rod.
t
The guides G, are provided to keep the entire or composite strap C, D, always
working perpendicularly and in the exact position and part of the reel required.
There can if required be. but one guide, but if two they can be placed at the top
and bottom or at the front and back but they must be directly opposite each other.
at different sides of the crank axle A. The slots J, in the guides G, are made
from 5 to 8, or even 9 inches long to allow for the up and down motion; but they
must admit of no play sideways to the rods or levers H, more than is absolutely
and barely necessary for them to work smoothly. The nearer the guides can be
brought to the reel B, without interfering with its working the better, as all will
then run more truly and steadily.
Whichever is the laterally movable part in the expanding or the reversing
movements, whether it be the reel B, or the guides G, that part also while working
must be held as rigidly from side movement as the part that is permanently fixed,
because as little as the one sixteenth or one eighth of an inch of lateral movement
of either will proportionately affect the travel of the valve; the rods or levers H,
being made broad and working in the close fitting slots J, in the guides G, prevent
any irregularity of movement."
In reversing, only one of the parts is caused to move, which can be either the
eccentric reel B, or the entire or composite strap or belt C, D, but whichever it is
the other is held stationary laterally; if it is the reel that moves then a retaining
key E, can either be firmly fixed in the reel and slide in a corresponding groove L,
in the crank axle A, or the key E, can be secured in the crank axle and the
groove L, be made in the reel, but it must be so made as to allow of easy sliding
one over the other, or from side to side.
In order to reverse, if the guides G, are fixed the reel B, is slid over its key on
the crank axle or shaft A, through the straps or belts C, D, laterally from end to
end, or as far as required. Or, to reverse, if the reel is fixed the guides G, are
moved laterally from end to end of the reel B, in a parallel line by means of a
screw or other convenient contrivance, this operation will move the straps or
belts C, D.-Any simple and convenient apparatus or appliance, such as a chuck,
a screw, or a fork, will do to move either the reel B, or the straps C, D, laterally,
only one of them being required to so move, the other, whether it be the strap C,
or the reel B, being held or fixed rigidly and permanently.
The crank axle A, the reel B, and the internal strap C, revolve together (as if
they were all one) inside the external strap D, their circular motion by means of
this loose outer strap D, and its levers H, working in the guide slots J, being
thereby converted from circular into linear motion. The strap C, once fitted on
the reel B, at right angles every way to the centre line of the crank axle A, (the
reel being parallel) remains permanently perpendicular and works in a straight line
no matter to what part of the reel B, it may be moved being retained so by its
shape as also by the guides G.
The opposite ends of the double eccentric reel B, constitute or act as both
forward and backward eccentrics, it is thus possible to quickly expand or reverse,
the reel from its shape finding no resistance in reversing further than is requisite
to shift the valve.
In locomotive marine and colliery or other steam engines, in order to save space,
two eccentric reels B, can be employed, placed butt and butt on the same axle and
then worked as one when keyed at their respective angles on the crank shaft A.
This motion is simple and for valves with short strokes may be worked direct
from the crank axle A, to the valve; but for valves with long traverse it may be
requisite to use the intermediate lever I, to increase the travel.
C
The less the double eccentricity of the reel, or reels if two are used, below forty
five degrees, the better it, or they, will work, as the shortness of the stroke can

page_text: always be rectified by the distance, apart of the centres on the lever I, and the
length of the lever I.
Every one sixteenth of lateral movement whether of the eccentric reel or the
strap or belt augments or decreases the traverse or stroke either in backward (or
reversing) or in forward (or expansive) gear, until when in the centre there is no
movement.
***
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner it is to be performed I wish it to be understood
that I do not limit myself to the precise details of my invention as herein before
described and as illustrated on the accompanying sheet of drawings, as equivalent
modifications or variations, it will be evident to a practical engineer, can be made
therein without departing from the principles or main features of my invention
and in conclusion' I declare that what I claim is
"
The new and peculiar construction, arrangement, combination and use of the
several parts or appliances forming together an improved more simple and less
costly reversing and expansive apparatus for locomotive marine colliery or other
steam engines, and especially the application and use of the double eccentric reel
(or reels) B, and the composite strap or belt, consisting of an external strap D, and
an internal strap C; all substantially as herein before specified and as illustrated on
the accompanying sheet of drawings.
Dated this 26th day of September 1885.
J634
A. L. DAVIESS.
By A. M. & Wm Clark,
Sub Agents,
53, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.