PROCESS FOR CLEANING BONES ESPECIALLY FOR GLUE-MANU- FACTURING
Year: 1884

page_text: I, THEODOR BERLINER of Ohlau, Germany do hereby declare the nature of said
Invention for "PROCESS FOR CLEANING BONES ESPECIALLY FOR GLUE-MANU-
FACTURING to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the cleaning of bones by the dry process and is chiefly
applicable in the production of glue. The invention has for its object to clean the
bones from sand, earth, colouring substances, adhering particles of meat and skin
and other impurities, without loss of glue-producing substance.
The process chiefly consists in placing the bones in a suitable receptacle set in
motion by mechanical means and in which the bones are thrown or shaken against
each other so as to detach the adhering impurities from the same in a mechanical
way.
The receptacle for treating the bones is preferably provided with suitable
apertures or perforations which permit the detached substances to pass through and
to be thus separated from the bones.
The appliance intended for this purpose may consist of a flat sieve adapted to
receive an intermittent motion or of narrow, endless, perforated surfaces several
sets of which may be arranged over each other in a suitable casing.
Or the appliance may consist of perforated round or eccentric drums.
The effect of treating the bones in such movable receptacles may be considerably
increased by the addition of a stirring apparatus which either moves in the same
direction as the receptacle or in opposite direction and owing to which the friction
of the bones against each other is more intense and complete than in the simple
receptacle.

page_text: I THEODOR BERLINER, of Ohlau, Germany, do hereby declare the nature of said
Invention for "PROCESS FOR CLEANING BONES, ESPECIALLY FOR GLUE-MANU-
FACTURING," and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
An important point in the production of glue is to clean in a thorough and
innocuous manner the bones and parts of bones, that is, the raw material, from the
adhering impure particles apt to produce putrefaction or which are already in a
state of putrefaction-(such as sand, earth, colouring matters, flesh, skin and so on)
so as to obtain a product as pure as possible.
The cleaning of bones for the production of glue has hitherto been effected either by
the wet or by the dry process, that is, in the first case, by washing the raw material
in a fixed or movable vessel with large quantities of water, and in the latter case
by treating the raw material in a dry state by stamping.
The cleaning of the raw material by the dry process is by far preferable to that by
the wet process because the bones remain chemically unaltered, and the loss of glue
producing substance by the lixiviation of the uppermost layers of cartilage and
bone, and its subsequent washing off in the waste water, is completely avoided.
The treatment of the bones by the dry process has hitherto been very imperfectly
carried out by the usual method of stamping, through which a large quantity of
raw material was lost by converting good portions of bone into bone dust, which is
useless for the production of glue.
Moreover, a thorough cleansing of the raw material—especially from the putrid
particles (flesh skin and so on) could never be obtained by this process.
The new process hereinafter described permits a far more thorough cleaning of
the raw material with the least possible loss of glue producing substance.
It is carried out by placing the bones and parts of bones in their dry and impure
state on a support in motion, where the bones are rubbed and thrown against each
other, so as to detach mechanically the adhering impurities and the particles saturated
with impurity which are situated in the uppermost layers of the bones and which
have become useless through putrefaction.
The bones cleaned by this precess appear like polished and form a product
specially adapted for the production of glue.
The novelty of the present process for the preliminary treatment of the bones
used for the production of glue thus consists in the treatment of the dry material
on supports or in receptacles set in motion in a mechanical way.
These supports are preferably provided with suitable apertures or perforations to
facilitate the removal of the detached impure particles by allowing the same to
pass through the apertures.
The movable appliances designed for this purpose may be constructed in various
shapes and manners, they may consist:
1. Of a flat sieve adapted to receive an intermittent or jolting motion, or of
narrow, endless, perforated surfaces several sets of which may be arranged over
each other in a suitable casing.

page_text: 2, Of perforated round or non-circular drums surrounded by a perforated
jacket.
The effect of treating the bones in such movable receptacles may be considerably
increased by the addition of a stirring apparatus, which moves either in the same
direction as the receptacle or in opposite direction. This arrangement permits a
more intense and complete friction of the bones against each other, than in the
simple movable receptacle.
The stirring mechanism may in some cases, replace the receptacles and supports
set in motion in a mechanical way, so as to admit the use of fixed receptacles and
supports.
In all these cases the raw material is treated in a dry state and so as to effect a
friction of the bones and parts of bones against each other, for the purpose of
cleansing the material from the impure and putrid particles with the least loss of
glue producing substance by means of supports set in motion in a mechanical way,
or by means of mechanically operated stirring mechanisms in combination with
movable or fixed supports and receptacles.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In the preparation of raw material for the manufacture of glue, the dry
treatment of the material on supports or receptacles set in motion mechanically,
instead of the usual dry stamping process, for the purpose of separating from the
useful material the impure and putrefying admixtures with a minimum of loss.
2. The employment of stirring apparatus for assisting the mechanically moved
supports or receptacles, or as a substitute for the same.