IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR DISPLAYING ADVERTISEMENTS AND GOODS
Year: 1885

page_text: I JOHN LAYNG McKIM of Yarra House, Balham in the County of Surrey
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR DISPLAYING ADVERTISEMENTS AND GOODS," to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to a simple and effective perambulating apparatus for the
public display of advertisements and goods and consists essentially of one or more
structures of wood metal or other suitable material and of any form or dimensions
supported on travelling wheels and so connected therewith by bevel or other well
known gearing or mechanical arrangement as that a rotary or other motion shall
be transmitted to the said structure or structures the general appearance of the
apparatus serving to attract public attention to the announcements or advertise-
ments carried on any part thereof. The said apparatus is intended to be propelled
or drawn along public thoroughfares by any suitable power. The said apparatus
may if desired be so arranged as to enclose or entirely conceal the mechanisin for
transmitting the motion to the various structures which form a part thereof and if
desired the means of propulsion.
According to one mode of carrying out my invention which I describe by way of
example, a bevel wheel or pinion may be mounted on the hub of one or other of
the supporting running wheels said bevel wheel or pinion gearing into a bevel
wheel mounted so as to turn freely round a vertical spindle fixed either over the
axial centre line of the axle or on either side thereof. From the top of this spindle
a hollow box or structure is suspended or pivotted by preference at or near its
centre of gravity in order to reduce as much as possible the friction in driving and
the extent of the oscillations to which it may be subjected whilst travelling over
an uneven road. The supporting spindle may be fixed to the axle and is by
preference surrounded by a ring or frame attached to an inner shell or open frame
which is connected to the hollow box or structure by stays. A suitable buffer or
springs may be fitted to the spindle for checking or controlling the oscillations of
said structure. The main actuating gear wheel turns loosely round the lower part
of the vertical spindle and is coupled by any suitable coupling or connection with

page_text: the said framework or ring whereby rotary motion will be transmitted from the
running wheel or wheels through the said coupling or connection to the box or
structure without the gearing or the coupling being materially interfered with by
the oscillations of the structure. This box or structure may consist of a light open
frame covered in with canvas or other light material on which the advertisements
are displayed, or the sides of the box may be left more or less open and the
advertisements be printed on or affixed to transparent material and be illuminated
by lights contained in the interior of the box or structure. The said box or
structure may be made of various shapes or designs to suit the nature of the
advertisements or the particular requirements of the persons employing the
apparatus. If desired the sides of the box may be glazed so as to constitute a
series of show cases which may be illuminated either from outside or inside for the
public display of goods of various kinds in which case the inner shell should be
closed in so as to exclude dust.
In order to prevent the transmission of vibrations to the box or structure I may
use a loose bearing surface or pivot block and interpose a helical or other spring
between it and the inner frame or shell.
It is obvious that in lieu of a rotary box or structure an endless band, or series
of advertisements may by similar arrangements be made to revolve over one or a
pair of rollers or cylinders or a band or web may be caused to travel to-and-fro
between a pair of rollers onto and off which it is wound and unwound alternately.
Dated this 22nd day of January 1885.

page_text: Advertisements and Goods.
I JOHN LAYNG M°KIM of Yarra House Balham in the County of Surrey
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of perambu-
lating apparatus to be drawn or propelled along public thoroughfares by hand,
draught animals or other power, for displaying advertisements and goods the said
apparatus consisting essentially of a hollow revolving structure of wood metal or
other material of any form or dimensions suitable for carrying the advertisements
or samples of goods to be displayed said revolving structure being suspended freely
on a fixed pivot or centre mounted on travelling wheels whereby I reduce the
frictional resistance in imparting rotary motion thereto, and further by placing the
said point of suspension at or near the centre of gravity of the said structuró
I diminish the extent or range of its oscillations or gyrations produced when
travelling over uneven roads. Rotary motion is transmitted to the said freely
suspended structure from one of the travelling wheels of the apparatus through a
clutch or coupling so arranged and constructed as to allow of a certain amount of
oscillation or gyration in the structure without interfering with the transmission.
of rotary motion thereto. If desired two or more of the said freely suspended
structures may be mounted upon the same carriage or frame and they may either
carry advertisements attached directly to their sides or may carry other or supple-
mentary rotary devices on which advertisements may also be attractively displayed.
The apparatus may if desired be so arranged as to enclose and entirely, conceal not
only the mechanism for transmitting rotary motion to the structure or structures,
but also the means of driving or propelling it, the general appearance of the
apparatus tending to attract public attention to the announcements or samples of
goods carried thereby.
Figure 1 of the Drawings annexed is a sectional elevation of my improved
advertising apparatus in its simplest form and figure 2 is a sectional plan of the
same taken along the broken out line 1-2 in figure 1. Figure 3 is a sectional
elevation of a similar apparatus showing the combination with the main freely
suspended revolving structure of an additional or supplementary rotary device for
the display of advertisements or for further attracting the notice of the public.
Figure 4 is a sectional plan of the same.
In all these figures A is a bevel pinion mounted on the hub of one or other of a
pair of supporting running wheels B carried on an axle C to which axle is secured
a frame D provided with a front swivelling guiding wheel E and traction handle
or shafts F. The carriage frame may however be varied in form and construction
according to the size of the apparatus and the number of wheels upon which it is
to travel. This pinion A gears into a bevel wheel G mounted so as to turn freely
round a pivot spindle H fixed vertically to the axle C either immediately over the
longitudinal centre line thereof, or, which I prefer, on one side towards the front
:

page_text: gulding wheel E as shown in order to prevent any tendency of the apparatus to
tip over backwards. On a conical centre point or pivot formed on the top of the
spindle H the revolving hollow box or structure I (which is represented in figure 1
in the form of a "Kiosk" for example) is freely suspended or pivotted hy
preference at or near its centre of gravity as hereinbefore described and for the
purpose set forth.
.
In order to prevent the transmission of vibrations upwards from the axle C
through the pivot spindle H to the box or structure I I employ a loose bearing
surface or pivot block K sliding freely within a guide or socket piece L secured to
the said structure in any suitable manner or (as shown in figure 1) to the top of
an inner shell or frame M. connected by stays N to the revolving structure and
I interpose between the said sliding pivot block and the body of the said structure
or the top of the socket piece L a helical or other spring O.
The supporting or pivot spindle H is by preference surrounded by a ring or
annular frame P (figs. 1 and 2) attached to the socket piece L before referred to for
the purpose of checking or controlling within reasonable limits the oscillations or
gyrations of the suspended structure I an anti-friction roller Q acting also as a
buffer being mounted loosely on the spindle H so as to turn freely thereon and
thus facilitate the rotation of the structure when one side of the annular frame P
is brought in contact with the said roller buffer-The main actuating bevel
gear wheel G (Figures 1 and 2) which turns loosely round the lower part of the
vertical pivot spindle H is coupled with the controlling ring or frame P in any
convenient manner affording free play to either of the component parts of the
clutch as for example by a pin R (figure 1) carried by the said frame and playing
freely in any direction in an aperture in a flange S formed on the upper end of the
boss of the horizontal bevel wheel G, or by making the two parts of the coupling
respectively with a projection R1 and a corresponding recess playing freely the one
in or about the other as shown by way of example in figure 3 and in detail views
figures 5 and 6.
By constructing the coupling so as to permit of free play in every direction to
one of the component parts thereof rotary motion can be readily transmitted from
the travelling wheel or wheels through the pinion A bevel wheel G and coupling,
to the suspended structure I without the action of the gearing or the coupling
being materially interfered with by the oscillations or gyrations of the said
structure.
When the centre line of the pivot pin H is not placed vertically over the centre
line of the axle C (as shown in my drawings) skew bevel gearing may be employed
if desired for the transmission of rotary motion from the travelling wheel.
The revolving suspended structure I may consist of any light open frame of
wood iron or other suitable material covered with canvass or other light material
and roofed in (as shown in figure 1) or left entirely open at the top (as in figure 2)
on the outside of which structure the advertisements are displayed or the sides of
the said structure may be left more or less open and the advertisements be printed
on or affixed to transparent material attached to the frame work and illuminated
by lights contained in the interior of the apparatus. Although I have represented
the said framing of the structure as arranged for a structure of cylindrical or
polygonal form in my drawings it may obviously be made of various shapes or
designs to suit the nature of the advertisements or the particular requirements of
the persons employing the apparatus and if desired the sides of the said revolving
structure may be glazed and so formed as to constitute a series of show cases which
may be illuminated either from the outside or the inside of the said apparatus for
the public display of samples of goods of various kinds in which case the inner
frame or shell M should be made with closed sides and top so as to prevent access
of dust to the goods from the interior of the revolving structure as shown in
figures 1 and 2.
In figure 3 the said inner shell is dispensed with and the said freely suspended
revolving structure is shown as carrying a supplementary revolving device-In the

page_text: present case it is left open at the upper part so as to expose to view a second
revolving object such for example as a globe S or other attractive device mounted
on a spindle T placed at any angle or horizontally and turning in bearings U U
carried by the freely suspended revolving structure I the lower part of which
structure may have advertisements affixed to its sides. The continuous rotary
motion of the main revolving structure I is caused to impart intermittent rotary
motion to the inclined spindle T in its bearings which may be accomplished by a
ratchet wheel V and pall lever W. The free end of the said lever passes down
between the arms X of the bevel wheel G and as this lever is carried round along
with the main structure I so as to describe a circular path round the vertical
pivot H its lower or free end encounters the axle C as shown by the dotted lines
in figure 4 or one or more horizontal arms or tappets C attached to the said axle
and is thereby deflected causing its upper end to turn freely on the inclined
spindle T and by the engaging of its pall with the teeth of the ratchet wheel V to
impart an intermittent rotary motion to the said spindle and to the globe S or other
device or object mounted thereon for the purpose of attracting the notice of the
public to the said apparatus and its contents.
Immediately the lower end of the pall lever W has passed over the axle C or
the arms or tappets attached thereto it will fall by its own gravity to its original
position again or if desired it may be drawn back so as to take up a fresh tooth
on the ratchet by a spring Y the said movements of the lever being repeated each
time it passes over the axle or over one or more of the arms or tappets attached
thereto. If preferred with a view to increasing the movement at each action of
the pall and ratchet the said ratchet may be mounted on a separate spindle
carrying a toothed wheel in gear with a pinion on the inclined spindle T.
In constructing my said improved advertizing apparatus care should be taken
to leave sufficient space between the lower edge of the freely suspended revolving
structure I and the peripheries of the wheels E and B to allow for any moderate
oscillations or gyrations of the said structure.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. In a perambulating advertizing machine or apparatus the use of revolving
structures carrying announcements or samples of goods and provided or not with
supplementary moving devices or objects when such revolving structures are
suspended freely from stationary pivots and derive their rotary motion from one of
the travelling wheels of the apparatus through couplings specially arranged to
permit of the oscillations or gyrations of the said structures substantially as
specified.
2. The application and use of a helical or other spring interposed between the
aforesaid freely suspended revolving structures and their pivot blocks as and for
the purpose specified.