Improvements in the Manufacture of Cardboard or Pasteboard Boxes,
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION..
Improvements in the Manufacture of Cardboard or Pasteboard Boxes,
I, FLEMING THOMPSON AUSTIN, of 8, Greville Street, Hatton Garden, in the
City of London, Manufacturer of Fancy Card and other Boxes, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the manufacture of cardboard or pasteboard boxes of
cylindrical or oval form and in particular to the mode of securing the top and
bottom within the side walls of the box cover and body whereby great strength
and durability, and a neat and effective finish, are imparted to the box.
In the usual way of making cheap boxes of this description the top and bottom
discs are merely secured within the side walls flush with the edges thereof, but
according to my invention the top and bottom discs are inserted within the side
walls at some distance from the extremities thereof and the edges of the side
walls are, before or after the disc is inserted, turned in or doubled inwards on
themselves by means of a suitable die or tool and secured by adhesive material,
previously applied so that they present outwardly a rim of rounded section pro-
jecting some distance beyond the outer face of said disc. The cut edge of the
sides thus abuts against the face of the disc which is retained in place against
inward pressure by adhesive material previously applied to its edges, the disc
being supported against internal pressure by abutting against the inturned rim.
In addition to the disc so inserted, a second outer disc of slightly less diameter
and having an inwardly bevelled edge, is driven tightly into the inturned rim
whilst the box body or cover is supported internally upon a mandrel or plunger
and this second disc having been previously coated with adhesive material on
its inner face is pressed into firm union with the other disc so as to form therewith
a disc of double thickness having a rebated periphery making a firmly pasted
joint and fitting both within the sides and within the inturned rim.
To further strengthen the ends of the box, the edges in the operation of
turning over the rim as above described, may be formed with an inwardly
projecting flange upon which the outer disc is applied and secured by glueing
or pasting and pressure as described.
For the purpose of heightening the ornamental effect of the projecting rims
of rounded section they may be covered with gilt paper before being turned in,
or be otherwise made to present a burnished metallic or enamelled appearance.
Dated this 25th day of November 1898.
A. M. & WM. CLARK,
Chartered Patent Agents, 53, Chancery Lane, London.

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Cardboard or Pasteboard Boxes.
I, FLEMING THOMPSON AUSTIN, of 8, Greville Street, Hatton Garden, in the
City of London, Manufacturer of Fancy Card and other Boxes, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
-
My invention relates to the manufacture of cardboard or pasteboard boxes of
cylindrical or oval form and in particular to the mode of securing the ends or
heads of the box within the side walls of the box cover and box body whereby
great strength and durability and a neat and effective finish are imparted to
the box.
.The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings
wherein Figure 1 is a perspective half sectional view of a cylindrical box.
Figures 2, 3, and 4, are cross-sectional elevations of the bottoms of similar
boxes slightly modified in construction. Figure 5 is a cross-section and Figure
a face view of the rotary die or inturning tool. Figures 7 and 8 are sections
of two forms of mandrel used.
According to my invention the edge of the side wall or circumferential part
of the box a is turned or doubled inwards on itself by means of a rotary die or
turning-in tool such as shewn in Figures 5 and 6 so as to form an end rim of
rounded section as shewn at b, the inturned edge c of which, forms an internal
shoulder which abuts against an inner disc d fitting within the circumferential
portion a of the box a second or outer disc e being afterwards fitted within the
inturned rim b so as to maintain it permanently in form and being united to
the inner disc d the two discs de thus united forming an end of double thickness
securely held within the wall of the box. Both the heads of the box are fitted
in the same manner so that the following description of the bottom head will
apply to the top head also.
The body portion a in the form of a plain tube or cylinder having been pasted
(or glued) on its inner surface for a length of about half an inch from the end
to be inturned, and an inner disc d of a diameter to fit within the part a having
had its edge pasted (or glued) is inserted and supported in position therein by
the end of a plain cylindrical mandrel such as shewn at f in Figure 7 on which
the body a is placed. The end portion of the side a which is to be inturned
in order to form the rim projects beyond the disc d as shewn in dotted lines in
Figure 1 and the body a being held stationary on the mandrel f (which is carried
by a stationary spindle provided with means of pressing it towards the inturned
tool) the end of the body a to be inturned is pressed up into the annular groove g
of a rotating die or inturning tool h mounted upon a revolving spindle, there
being in the groove of the tool two or more rounded projections whereby the
edge of the cardboard tube a is gradually turned over inwards or doubled on
itself until the rim is formed and the edge e abuts against the disc d. Or the
operation of forming the rim b may be performed before the disc d is inserted.
The inner disc having been inserted in position before or after the rim bis
formed and its outer surface having been pasted, the outer disc e (which is
preferably cut with its edge slightly bevelled inwards as shewn in Figure 1 to
facilitate its insertion) having also had its innér surface and edges pasted, is then
placed in position to be forced by the central projecting part of the die tightly
within the inturned portion of the rim which is thereby securely retained in
the form given to it as well as by the union of the previously pasted abutting

page_text: surfaces, the two discs de being also pressed together so as to firmly unite them
by their pasted surfaces and form of the two discs a single box head having a
rebated edge the one part fitting within the part a and abutting against the in-
turned rim at c and the other part fitting within the rim 6 so that the rim and
head mutually support each other. The end of the box is then complete and
in the case of the body portion it only remains to insert in the ordinary way
the inner tube upon which the cover portion of the box fits. This liner tube?
may or may not extend downward to the bottom, or upward to the top, of the box.
To further strengthen the heads of the box the edge of the inturned portion
of the rim may be formed as a flange inwardly projecting (intermediate of the
two discs de as shewn at m in Figure 2) to the inner and outer surfaces of
which the inner and outer discs de are united by paste as well as to each other.
This flange m is formed immediately after the operation of forming the rim b
which in this case is done before the disc d is inserted. For this purpose the
body a is placed upon a mandrel such as shewn in Figure 8 having a sharply
hevelled edge n forwardly projecting from its face o so that on the edge & meeting
this edge n and face the inturned member of the rim b will be deflected so as
to form the flange m as shewn in Figure 2 this operation being effected by per-
mitting the body portion a to be rotated upon the mandrel by the frictional
contact of the rim forming tool shewn in Figure 5. The rim having been thus
formed with the inwardly projecting flange m discs de are inserted from within
and without and their edges and abutting surfaces having been previously pasted
they are pressed into firm union with each other and with the flange m.
order to afford space to accommodate this flange the inner disc d may have been
previously embossed between a pair of dies of suitable form so as to bring it to
the slightly cupped form shewn at p, in Figure 3. Or with the same object it
may have been embossed between dies by which it is brought to a slightly con-
cavo-convex form, the concavity being towards the interior of the box. The
outer disc e instead of being flat may be similarly embossed, the convexity being
presented externally and the disc being only united at its marginal portion to
the inner disc c as shewn in Figure 4. Instead of being of plain convex form
the disc may be embossed with various designs.
In
In order to heighten the ornamental effect of the rim and impart a neat finish
to the box as well as to facilitate the inturning operation by which the rim b
is formed, it is preferred to cover with gilt paper or other suitable medium, that
portion of the body a of which the rim b is to be formed before it is subjected
to the operation of the tool, the burnishing action of which produces a highly
polished metallic or enamelled appearance.
The operation of forming and fixing the head in the cover of the box is similar
to that above described.
The operation of forming the rim in the case of an oval box is the same as
above described, the side portion of the body or cover after being inturned on
a cylindrical mandrel being bent to oval form and transferred to an oval mandrel -
the end dises being inserted and secured by pressure between the oval mandrel
and an oval plunger as will be readily understood.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In the manufacture of cardboard or pasteboard boxes the herein described
mode of finishing the sides and fixing the ends or heads of the box, which con-
sists in turning-in the edge of the side so as to form a rounded rim of double
thickness and making the head of two dises an inner disc of the full internal
diameter of the side abutting from within against the inturned portion of the
side and an outer disc of lesser diameter fitting within the inturned part of the
rim and abutting from without against the inner disc with which it is united
so as to form therewith a head of double thickness with rebated edge fitting

page_text: both within the side and also within the inturned rim thereof in such manner
that the said parts mutually support each other substantially as specified.
2. A cardboard or pasteboard box having the edge of its side portion inturned
so as to form a rim of double thickness and rounded section in combination with
an end or head formed of two discs of different diameters the inner one of larger
diameter fitting within the side portion of the box and abutting against the
inturned portion of the rim thereof and the outer disc fitting tightly within the
said inturned rim, the said two discs being united to form a head of doubled
thickness substantially as specified.
3. A cardboard or pasteboard box having the edge of its side portion inturned
so as to form a rim of doubled thickness and rounded section and having the
edge of the inturned portion of the said rim deflected inwards towards the centre
so as to form a flange intermediate of the two discs of which the head is composed
in combination with an end or head formed of two discs of different diameters
an inner one of larger diameter fitting within the side portion of the box and
abutting from within against the said flange of the inturned part of the rim
and an outer disc of lesser diameter fitting tightly within the inturned rim and
abutting from without against the inner disc and the flange of the rim, the
two discs being united to each other and to the said intermediate flange of the
rim so as to form a head of double thickness in secure engagement with the rim
of the side substantially as specified.
Dated this 21st day of February 1900
A. M. & WM. CLARK,
Chartered Patent Agents, 53, Chancery Lane, London.