IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS FOR BUILDING PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert William Hart, of 123, Chancery Lane, London,
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
BRICKS FOR BUILDING PURPOSES."
Sealed the 7th October 1879, and dated the 8th April 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert William Hart at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th April 1879.
HERBERT WILLIAM HART, of 123, Chancery Lane, London, Engineer. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS FOR BUILDING PURPOSES."
My Invention relates to improvements in the manufacture or construction of
bricks for building purposes, and has for its object to do away with the unsightly
appearance and waste of mortar of ordinary joints, and the exposure of so large a
surface of absorbent matter to atmospheric influence, as well as the inconvenience
attending the manipulation and laying of bricks by the ordinary method.
In consists in forming the joint or butting edges and faces of each brick with
broad grooves or recesses tapered at their sides, and with projecting pieces or joggles
also tapered, the grooves and joggles being arranged alternately, that is to say, the
joggles of one brick projecting into the grooves of the succeeding brick, and so on,
according to the arrangement of the structure. Each joggle is of less depth than
its corresponding groove, whereby an internal space is left at each joint, into which
space the cement in a more or less liquid state is poured.
In laying bricks made on this principle the face joints exposed to view come
closely together at the edges of the sides of the grooves or recesses, where they butt,
these sides occupying the spaces usually filled by the mortar in ordinary joints.
Another advantage in the use of these bricks is that they can be laid without the
trouble of regulating the quantity of mortar, or the constant necessity of shifting
or. hammering them to their proper bed, the grooves and joggles causing them to be
firmly interlocked with each other, and as it were, forming one homogeneous
structure.
The cement being poured into the spaces between the grooves and joggles, finds
its way through all the other spaces of the brickwork, and effectually binds the
whole together.

page_text: The hoop iron binding usually employed in bricklaying can be more readily
applied to this system by being laid along the grooves through the spaces of the
bricks, and bent up or down through the vertical spaces as required.
The improved bricks may be made of the same size and shape as ordinary bricks,
and to all outward appearance are the same, except that the surface presents a
more even and uniform finish. No mortar being used between the outward joints,
no pointing is required, and such skilled labour is dispensed with.
Besides the ordinary shape, these bricks may be made of any desired form, size,
or material, colored or not.
This Invention is admirably adapted for face work in public or other buildings,
for arches, railway construction, boiler settings, and other purposes, where neatness
of finish, combined with strength and solidity, is required.
It is also applicable for builders' ornamental or decoration work of every
description.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Herbert William Hart in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
8th October 1879.
HERBERT WILLIAM HART, of 123, Chancery Lane, London, Engineer.
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS FOR BUILDING PURPOSES."
" IMPROVE
My Invention relates to improvements in the manufacture or construction of
bricks for building purposes, and has for its object to do away with the unsightly
appearance and waste of mortar of ordinary joints, and the exposure of so large a
surface of absorbent matter to atmospheric influence, as well as the inconvenience
attending the manipulation and laying of bricks by the ordinary method.
It consists in forming the joint or butting edges and faces of each brick with
broad grooves or recesses tapered at their sides, and with projecting pieces or joggles
also tapered, the grooves and joggles being arranged alternately, that is to say, the
joggles of one brick projecting into the grooves of the succeeding brick, and so on,
according to the arrangement of the structure.
And in order that my Invention may be well understood, I shall now proceed
particularly to describe the same, reference being made to the accompanying Drawing,
like letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in the respective Figures.
Figure 1 is a side elevation or face view of one form of my improved bricks as
they appear when laid.
Figure 2, an end view of Fig. 1; and Figure 3, a plan of same; Figures 4, 5,
and 6 are similar views respectively of another form of my improved bricks; and
Figures 7 and 8, plans shewing the adaptation of my improved bricks to circular
work, such as for wells, pit shafts, sewers, and the like.
In Figures 1, 2, and 3, each brick A is formed on its joints or butting edges on
one side and end with a broad groove B (tapered at its sides), and on its other side
and end with a projecting piece or joggle C (also tapered at its sides).
These grooves B and projecting pieces or joggles C are arranged alternately, that
is to say, the projecting pieces or joggles C of one brick take into the corresponding
grooves B of the succeeding brick, and so on, according to the arrangement of the
structure.
Each projecting piece or joggle C is of less depth than its corresponding groove
B, whereby an internal space a is left at each joint, into which space the cement in
a more or less liquid state is poured.
In laying bricks made on this principle, the face joints exposed to view come
closely together at the edges of the sides of the grooves where they butt, these sides
occupying the spaces usually filled by the mortar in ordinary joints. Another
advantage in the use of these bricks is that they can be laid without the trouble of
regulating the quantity of mortar, or the constant necessity of shifting or hammering
them to their proper bed, the grooves and joggles causing them to be firmly inter-
locked with each other, and as it were, forming one homogeneous structure. The
cement being poured into the spaces a between the grooves B and joggles C, finds
its way through all the other spaces of the brick work, and effectually binds the
whole together.
The hoop iron bonding usually employed in brick laying can be more readily
applied to this system by being laid along the grooves through the spaces a of the
bricks, and bent up or down through the vertical spaces as required.
In Figures 4, 5, and 6, each brick A¹ is formed on one side with a broad recess
B', leaving a tapered edge all round for the butting joint. In this broad recess B¹
are arranged joggle holes or recesses B, tapered at their sides, whilst on the other
side of the brick A', which has no broad recess, are formed the projecting pieces or
joggles C¹, tapered at their sides, and taking into the joggle holes or recesses B³ of
the succeeding brick.

page_text: In laying bricks according to this arrangement, the cement occupies the space left
between the bricks by the broad recess B¹, and the face joints exposed to view come
closely together (with little or no mortar between), as in Figure 1.
The Invention is admirably adapted for face work in buildings, for pit shafts
and arches (see Figs. 7 and 8); also for builders' ornamental or decorative work of
every description.
In this case hoop iron bonding may be dispensed with, as the interlocking of the
joggles and recesses will make the work sufficiently strong without.
The improved bricks may be may be made of the same size and shape as ordinary
bricks, and to all outward appearance are the same, except that the surface presents
a more even and uniform finish, little or no mortar being used between the outward
joints, no pointing is required, and such skilled labour is dispensed with. Besides
the ordinary shape, these bricks may be made of any desired form, size, or material,
coloured or not.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into effect, I
would observe in conclusion that what I consider novel and original, and therefore
claim as the Invention secured to me by the hereinbefore in part recited Letters
Patent is,-
The construction and use of bricks for building purposes, substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated by the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert William Hart, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventh day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
TT
HADE