Improvements in the Construction of Rubber Tyres for the Wheels of Cycles and Road Carriages.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Apr., 1896-Accepted, 20th June, 1396
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Rubber Tyres for the Wheels
of Cycles and Road Carriages.
We, WILLIAM LAWSON, of 354 Rectory View, Engineer, WILLIAM HENRY
LAWSON of 22 Bradlegh Road, Engineer, GEORGE LAWSON, of 354 Rectory
View, Engineer, SQUIRE ELLIS LAWSON, of 350 Rectory View, Engineer, all in
Nowton-le-Willows, and GEORGE SANDERSON BLACKBURN, of 6 Watson Street,
West Gorton, Manchester, Engineer, all in the County of Lancaster, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be.
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to hollow rubber tyres, that are constructed of india
rubber in combination with canvas or other like material, and filled with air,
either of the ordinary atmospheric resistance, or under pressure by inflation such
as are, or may be employed for the wheels of cycles, road carriages, and the like.
The object of this invention is to construct an air containing tyre that will
not be affected by puncture of any ordinary cliaracter, and will combine the
resiliency of a pneumatic tyre with the security from puncture of a solid tyre.
In the accompanying drawing Figs. 1 to 7 represent sections of hollow rubber
tyres illustrating our invention. In the several views shown similar letters refer to
similar parts.
lu this invention we construct a hollow ring or tube of india rubber and canvas
of any form or shape externally that may be required to fit into or on any
preferred form of metal rim as c.
We conucct the side walls of the tube a by means of a ligature 6 that is either
wholly or partially inextensible laterally, and of a strength and construction
suitable to the weight to be carried by the wheel to which suid tyre is applied.
In building the aforesaid tyre, the tube a is formed by moulding india rubber on
canvas in the usual manner, the tread a' being preferably thicker than the other
portion of the tyre.
For the wheels of cycles and light carriages the ligature may be formed of
hard rubber only, of a suitable thickness, but for the wheels of heavier vehiclos,
we combine with said rubber one or more thicknesses of canvas, connected with
or forming a part of the canvas that constitutes the base or foundation of the
tube a, or when it is preferred to give a limited amount of lateral elasticity to
said ligature wo mould therein during the process of manufacture coil or other
suitable springe as 6 Figs. 5 and 6 either continuously or at intervals in the
circumferential length of the ligature. The air chambers I and m are filled with
air of the ordinary atmospheric resistance but if it is preferred to inflate the
inner air chamber m with compressed air, we may place a metallic tape g around
the ligature bas in Fig. 2, so as to prevent any sharp substance being passed
through from the chamber and perforating said compressed air chamber m.
In order to afford greater resistance in wheels that are required for heavy work,
the inner portion of the tyre is moulded in an arch shape as g in Figs. 2 and 7 upon
which the ligature will rest when the wheel is loaded. By these means the
resiliency of the tyre is not destroyed by the weight which is placed on the tyre as
the ligature retains the side walls from being pressed outwards, thereby
preventing the tyre from being flattened to the extent that would occur if
the tyres were constructed without said retaining ligature, and the duplicate

page_text: construction of air chambers in combination with the aforesaid ligature enable a tyre
constructed according to this invention to be employed safely without the ordinary
form of cover or envelope. The aforesaid tyres may be applied and secured to the
rin of the wheel either by being cemented thereto as in Figs. 3 and 4, or by
looped wires such as is represented in Fig. 8, said loopod wires being formed in
segments, and inserted in lugs or projections formed on the tyre during the
process of manufacture; the loops are passed through holes in the rim, and
secured on the inner or spoke side of the rim by a wire or tapo passing through
them.
We do not confine ourselves to the precise manner of affixing a tyre such as
herein before described to the rim of a wheel, but
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
1st. In hollow rubber tyres that contain air with ordinary atmospheric resistance,
or under compression, the construction of said tyre with a ligature as b connecting
the two side walls of the tyre, said ligature being formed either entirely of hard
rubber or in combination with canvas, coil or other springs or other tensional
material, moulded or otherwise incorporated with said ligature so as to form a part
thereof, for the purpose and in the manner substantially as hereinbefore described.
2nd. An air containing tyre formed of a rubber tube in which is an air chamber
as m that is encircled by an air chamber as circumferentially larger than the
chamber m, said air chambers being constructed by means of and separated by a
circumferential band or ligature as b connecting the two side walls of the tyre a,
both of said chambers containing air of ordinary atmospheric resistance, sub-
stantially as herein before described.
3rd. An air coutaining tyre formed of a rubber tube in which is a chamber as m
with air in compression that is encircled by a chamber as containing air of
ordinary atmospheric resistance, said air chambers being constructed by means of
and separated by a circumferential band or ligature as b connecting the two side
walls of the tyre a aud a band or tape of metal or other impenetrable substance
as within the chamber encircling said ligature, all for the purpose and
substantially as hereinbefore described.
4th. In air containing tyres, the combination of an air chamber as containing
air of ordinary atmospheric resistance, an air chamber of smaller circumferential
diameter as m containing air under pressure, a ligature as b wholly or partially
inextensible, extending between and connecting the two side walls of the tyre, and
a tape or band as q encircling the aforesaid ligature all substantially as hereinbefore
described.
Dated this 20th dose of 1 1900
THOS.
PRESCOTT,
53 Arcade Chambers, St. Mary's Gate, Manchester,
Agent for Applicants.