IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LOOPED FABRICS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake of the firm of Haseltine Lake
"
& Co Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for an invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LOOPED FABRICS
Communicated to him from abroad by Charles Young, of Chicago, Illinois,
United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th June 1882.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co, Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London, "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANU-
FACTURE OF LOOPED FABRICS." [Communicated to him from abroad by Charles
Young, of Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.]
This invention relates to machinery for crocheting looped fabrics, and it consists
in the several devices and combinations of devices and in the arrangement and
adjutment of parts, which I will now proceed to describe.
In carrying the said invention into practice I provide a bed the upper end of
which is furnished with a series of projections having inclined points projecting
slightly above the face of the bed, between which projections are grooves or
openings which form guide-ways for the passage of the needles. At the top of the
bed, at the upper end of the projections, the slots or grooves are widened, so that
the threads of the fabric, as they are held on the hooks of the needles, are kept
from being cut when the needles carry the strands downward.
In standards which are secured to a bench or arms by means of set screws, is
mounted a shaft which is held in position by suitable bearings projecting from the
standards; on this shaft are placed, in different parts, seven cams which are held
in their proper places by set screws. Below the shaft are located a pair of rolls
whose surfaces are wound with woollen or other cord and properly journalled in
boxes or bearings, held in place by set screws in the usual manner, and known as
friction-rolls.

page_text: There are two upright arms, at the lower end of which are inserted anti-friction
rollers which follow the depressions and projections of the cams.
These rollers are
kept from rolling off the surface of the cams by a disc which lies between two
cams, and is higher than the surfaces of either. The arms have a supporting shaft
which is fastened to the standard by screw-threads and nut in the usual way; one
arm works against a shoulder on the shaft which holds it from moving one way
and a washer between it and the other arm holds it the other. The latter arm
rests against a washer on one side, and on the other is held by a nut. In the upper
end of these arms is cut a slot in which pins of adjustable arms play.
As the said upright arms follow the surface of their respective cams, said arms
are held there by springs, one end of which is fastened in the slots and the other
end on the bench on which the device stands. The shafts of the carriers pass
through bearings on their way to adjustable arms which are capable of being raised
or lowered as the case demands, in regulating the distance the carriers shall move
backward or forward so as not to pass too far over the needles in front, and not so
far back as to interfere with the loop hooks behind; the adjustable arms are located
at the right end of carriers and are fastened to the shafts of said carriers by means
of set screws; the lower end of the adjustable arms have a slot cut, through which
one end of the pins passes which act on the upright arms and are fastened by
means of nuts on the inner side; said pins can be raised or lowered through this
slot in connection with the altering of the bearings. A ratchet wheel is keyed on
the shaft of the inner roll of the friction-rolls in the usual way, the key also
holding arms attached to the same shaft, and across the ratchet wheel. When the
device is in motion the arm, upon following the incline of a cam to its highest
point is held there by means of a tongue catching in the teeth of the ratchet wheel
which motion causes the said ratchet wheel to move downward, and being keyed
on to one of the rolls causes them to roll inward. The tongue which is pinioned
to the standard holds the ratchet wheel from slipping backward from the point
that it has been carried to; the arm is drawn upward and held against the cam by
means of a spring. An arm or lever is pinioned, by means of set-screws, to the
standards, and is so arranged that its lower end is brought in contact with a cam
through an anti-friction roller which engages the even and uneven surfaces of said
cam; the other end of this lever is pivoted to a connecting rod which in turn is
connected with a shifting arm which works a swinging loop-bar; the upper end of
a connecting rod is held against the shifting arm by a pin on the inner surface;
and on the reverse side is held by means of a nut. In the shifting arm is cut a
slot which in moving backward or forward the upper end of the connecting rod
lengthens or shortens the motion of the loop-bar; the end of the shaft of the loop
bar is held in place by an adjustable arm; in said arm is also cut a slot or
opening the raising or lowering of said arm through this slot sets the loop
hook-bar up or down, backward or forward, from the body of the device as the
case may demand in the lengthening or shortening of the loop of the fabric. The
arm is held in place by a set screw on the standards. The lever is held against a
cam by means of a coiled spring which is attached at one end to the table or
device, and at the other to the lower end of the connecting rod. A gear-wheel is
so placed by means of its own shaft, which is securely screwed fast on the
standards, that its outer teeth mesh with another gear wheel fastened on the shaft
by means of set screws, the two gear wheels revolving in opposite directions; upon
one of these gear wheels are fastened two cams formed like flat pulleys, upon
whose outer rims are notches cut so as to regulate the movement of guides of
carriers in their right and left motion. As power is applied to one gear wheel
causing it to revolve, two cams being fastened upon the other gear wheel by means
of set screws, follow the motion of said gear-wheel, and as they pass anti-friction
rollers on the upright arms roll into the notches or depressions, or are drawn by
means of springs attached thereto; as one cam passes its upright arm which is
adjusted to the shaft of the front carrier the roller is drawn by means of a coiled
spring into the first notch which causes guides of the carrier, to travel past one

page_text: needle of a sliding bar between the loop hook bar and body of machine to the
right; the farther revolution of the gear wheel causes the anti-friction roller to
roll to the next notch, which is twice the depth of the first notch causing the
guides to pass back of two needles to the right. The cut of the notch is now
reversed; being outward instead of toward the centre of cam; the farther revolving
of the gear wheel causes the anti-friction roller to roll out one notch, which action
carries guides of front-carrier one needle to the left; the farther movement of the
gear wheel causes the anti-friction roller to roll out of the longer notch carrying
with it the guides of said carrier past two needles to the left; the roller now is on
the outer rim of the cam and in line of first movement. The next movement of
the gear wheel carries the anti-friction roller down the first notch, and the same
movement before described is again repeated.
The outer cam fastened on the gear-wheel by means of set screws has only one
notch inward, and as the gear wheel revolves the anti-friction roller travels into
the notch, drawn thus by means of a coiled spring, which action causes the guides
of back carrier to travel one needle to the right.
Above the body of the bed, and supported in bearings and adjusted to the
standards by set screws or bolts, is a rod or plate with a back in which are a
number of holes properly arranged that serve as the openings for the yarn or other
material used, on the way from bobbins to pins or guides which are fastened at
proper distances apart on the plate; there are two of these plates, which are
known as front and back yarn-carriers.
The arrangement and location of guides on the yarn-carriers and loop hooks on
loop hook bar hiust correspond with the location of spaces or slots in the body of
the device, so as to bring them in their proper position to enable the guides to give
the right and left, and up and down, movements to the yarn or other material used,
to form the stitches and loops so as not to interfere.
Other devices than those described for actuating the carriers and other parts
may be employed, their construction and arrangement being such as to give the
required movements to the parts.
Other form of springs may be used than the coiled springs, their arrangement
being such as to keep the several parts in their proper places.
The centre of the needle-bar slide has an opening in which fits a loose bar,
space being left between the body of the bar and the loose bar to receive the heel
of the needles.
The lower side of the bar is provided with a series of set screws, the loosening or
tightening of which lowers or raises the loose bar which gives more or less play to
the needles, in. connection with the tension of the fabric. Thus, when an arm is
lowered the screws are tightened on the loose bar throwing the needle up, so also
when the upper part of this arm is raised the screws are loosened on the loose bar,
giving the needles more play. A cam bears its part in the regulation of the class
of fabrics wanted, thus; if the fabric is closely woven the lower part of said cam is
raised by means of slots or openings and fastened by set screws; also if the fabric
is loosely woven, the cam is lowered by the same method as was taken to raise it;
the object of this is to give more or less play to the feed arm, which follows the
projections and depressions of said cam which is rigidly fastened to the shaft by
means of set screws in a collar which is cast on a disc.
An upright arm is held in place by means of a slot or groove cut in a clutch; on
each side of the clutch which is keyed on the shaft in the usual manner,
is a piece
of steel which fits in the groove on clutch and is held there by means of set screws
in an arm, which screws in turn hold the said arm in place. At the lower end of
the arm is fastened a spring which is attached to the table on which the device
stands, whose object is to give a leverage for action of said arm.
The clutch has on its inner edge a series of teeth which are formed so as to be
opposite the teeth on a loose pulley, which pulley is held in place by means of the
key on the shaft that passes through the clutch pressing against a shoulder on the
centre of the pulley, the pulley being constantly in motion; when power is applied

page_text: to the device it is done by means of the arm closing the teeth of the clutch into
those on the pulley, and the device is set in motion.
At the upper end of an arm is placed a set screw or bolt, which rigidly fastens
the said arm to the needle-bar. On the side of the arm is placed a set screw
which holds the upper part of the arm, the lowering or raising of which governs the
class of fabric wanted, thus, when the manufacturer desires a loose class of goods,
or goods not closely woven, he lowers the upper part of the arm, letting it slide
down a projection to where he wants it, and fastens again by means of set screws,
which action carries the needle bar with needles attached a little lower on the bed
of the device, and thus makes the stitch longer or looser. If the fabric is desired
to be woven closer, the arm is raised by the same method, as was taken to lower it,
thereby shortening the movement of the needle-bar, causing the needles to have
less play and by that means makes the stitch shorter and goods more compact.
The yarn or material, from which the fabric is to be made passes from bobbins
located a little above and back of machine, through holes in upright part of
carriers to the eye of the guides, from these down between a set bar and body of
the device to friction rolls which hold the ends of the yarn.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
7th December 1882.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings London "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANU-
FACTURE OF LOOPED FABRICS A communication to me from abroad by Charles
Young of Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
This invention relates to machinery for knitting or crocheting looped fabrics and
consists in the several improved devices, and combinations of devices, hereinafter
described.
In the accompanying drawing
Figure 1 is a front view of a machine embodying this invention.
Figure 2 is a right end elevation.
Figure 3 is a detail perspective view of the loop-hook bar with the device for
rocking it.
Figure 4 is a left end elevation.
Figure 5 is a perspective view of a thread or yarn carrier.
Figure 6 is a perspective view of the underside of the needle bar.
Figure 7 is a detached view of the cam H which regulates the right and left
motion of the back yarn-carrier.
Figure 8 is a detached view of the cam G which gives a similar motion to the
front yarn-carrier.
Figure 9 is a view of the cam X which gives to the front yarn-carrier its forward
and backward movements.
Figure 10 is a detached view of one side of the cam V with the devices for
adjusting it.
'
Figure 11 is a similar view of the other side.
Figure 12 is a view of the loose pulley and clutch which regulate the application
of power to the machine.
Figure 13 is a side view of the yoke lever by means of which the pulley and
clutch are connected and disconnected
Figure 14 is a detached view of one of the adjustable arms of the needle bar,
thrown a little to the left exposing to view the roller by which motion is
communicated to it from the cam R.
Figure 15 is a side view of a needle with the latch open
Figure 16 is a similar view with the latch closed
Figure 17 is a detailed perspective view, illustrating separately the formation of
the loop
Figure 18 is a similar view illustrating the formation of the body of the fabric
Figure 19 is a similar view illustrating the combined operation of the parts
forming both loop and body.
Like letters indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.
A indicates the needle-bed. At its upper edge it is bevelled for a short
distance and the bevelled part is serrated so as to constitute a series of
projections A. The spaces between these projections are continuous with a series
of grooves extending across the bed and constituting guides for the needles.
The said projections taper at their upper ends so as to allow the threads or yarns
to pass between then without danger of being cut.
In the standards B which are secured to a bench or other support by means of
set screws ii is mounted in bearings a revolving shaft D on which are placed in
different parts seven cams which are held in their proper places by set screws.

page_text: Below the shaft D are located a pair of take-up rolls F whose surfaces are covered
with woollen cord, india-rubber, or other slightly yielding material. These rolls
are journalled in boxes or bearings held in place by set screws O in the usual
manner. At the right hand end of the machine (as shown in Figure 1) two
upright arms U, U₁ are pivoted on a fixed shaft so as to rock backwards and
forwards. At the lower end of each is inserted a friction roller which follows the
depressions and projections of the cams X and Y respectively, these rollers are kept
from rolling off the surface of the cams by a disc arranged between them and
higher than the surface of either. The supporting shaft is fastened to the
standard B in any suitable manner. The arm U works against a shoulder on the
shaft which prevents it from moving laterally in one direction and a washer
between it and the arm U¹ holds it the other. The arm U₁ rests against the
washer on one side and on the other is held by a nut. In the upper end of each
arm U and U is cut a slot in which the pins of adjustable arms S and S¹
respectively have play. These arms are set transversely on the shafts of the
carriers E and E' respectively near their right hand ends. The lower ends of the
arms U and U₁ are held up against their respective cams by the downward pull of
the springs d d and d d' respectively on their upper ends, one end of each spring
being fastened in one of the slots at the upper ends of the arms and the other end
to the bench on which the machine stands.
The shafts of the carriers E and E¹ have bearings M in the upper ends of the
standards B. These bearings are capable of being raised or lowered by means of
slots (as shewn at the right hand end of Figure 5) for regulating the distance the
carriers shall move backwards or forwards so as not to pass too far over the
needles in front, and not so far back as to interfere with the loop-hooks behind..
The adjustable arms S and S¹ are fastened to the shafts of the carriers by means
of set screws.
The lower end of each adjustable arm S and S¹ has a slot cut in it
through which one end of the pin passes which connects it with its upright arm U
or U. The said pin can be fastened higher or lower in this slot in connection
with the raising or lowering of the bearings M
At the right hand end of the machine a ratchet wheel W is keyed on the shaft
of the inner take-up roll F. The same shaft has pivoted on it the transverse
arm m m extending across the outer face of the ratchet wheel forward, so as to
come in contact with a cam V set on the main shaft D.
A spring T draws this arm up against the cam V. When the turning of the
main shaft brings the cam down the pawl W₁ catching in the teeth of the ratchet
wheel turns it (and with it the take-up rolls). When the arm mm rises again
following the cam the ratchet wheel is held from moving back by a pawl W¹,
pivoted on the standard B.
In Figure 3 is shewn the loop-hook bar kk and its connecting levers. An arm
or lever e e is pivoted at e e¹ to the inner side of each standard B and is so arranged
that its lower end is brought in contact with the cam P on the main shaft through
a friction roller N which engages with the said cam. The other end of the lever e e
is pivoted to a connecting rod e e¹ which in turn is connected with a rocking
arm ff which rocks the loop hook bar kk. The upper end of the connecting
rode eis held against the rocking arm ff by a pin ff having a nut on its
outer end. In the arm ff is cut a slot by means of which the point of connection
with the upper end of the connecting rod e e¹ may be adjusted backwards or
forwards thus lengthening or shortening the range of the loop-hook bar k k. Each
end of the loop hook bar k k is held in place by an adjustable arm gg; in the said
arm gg is also cut a slot or opening and the raising or lowering of the said arm
through this slot sets the loop-hook bar up or down, backward or forward, so as
to adjust its distance from the needle bed as may be required for the lengthening
or shortening of the loop of the fabric. The arms g g are held in place by set
screws on the standards B. The lever e e is held against the cam P by a spiral
spring which is attached at one end to the table or standard and at the other
to the lower end of connecting rod e e¹¹.

page_text: At the left of the drawing Figure 1 are shown two gear wheels I and J. The
gear wheel J turns on a shaft rigidly affixed to the left standard B and is so placed
that its teeth engage with those of the gear wheel I which is fastened on the
shaft D by means of set screws; the motion of the wheel I operating upon the
wheel J causes the latter to revolve in the opposite direction to that taken by
the wheel I. Upon the outer face of the gear wheel J are two circular and laterally
projecting cams so formed as to regulate the movements of the guide arms of the
carriers E and E' in their right and left motion. The cams G and H being fastened
upon the gear wheel J, follow the motion of the said wheel and in passing the
friction rollers L and L³ on the guide arms K and K¹ successively let them into the
notches or depressions and push them out by the projections of the cams.. Thus as
the cam G passes its upright arm which is attached to the shaft of the front
carrier E the roller L is drawn by means of a spiral spring p p into the first notch
which causes the yarn guides on the bar E to travel past one needle to the right
between the loop-hook bar and the needle bed. The further revolution of the
wheel J causes the friction roller L to roll to the next notch, which is twice the
depth of the first notch causing the guides or carriers to pass back two needles to
the right, The tread of the notch is now reversed being outward and the further
turning of the gear wheel J causes the friction roller L to roll outward which action
moves the guides on the front carrier Ẹ one needle to the left. The further
movement of the gear wheel J causes the friction roller L to roll out of the longer
notch carrying with it the said carrier so that its yarn guides pass two needles to
the left. The roller now is on the outer rim of the cam G and in the line of its
first movement. The next movement of the gear wheel J carries the friction
roller L down the first notch, and the same movement before described is again
repeated.
The cam H which is the outer cam on the gear wheel J has notches of uniform
depth into the first of which as the gear wheel J revolves the friction roller L¹ is
drawn by means of a coiled spring p p' which action causes the back carrier E¹
with its yarn guides to travel one needle to the right. A still further revolution
of the gear wheel J causes the friction roller L' to move out of the notch to the
outer rim of the said cam H carrying with it the carrier E¹ and its yarn guides
one needle to the left. The next revolution of the gear wheel J causes the friction
roller L' to travel down the notch, and the same movement before described is
again repeated.
The front and back yarn carriers E and E¹ are supported above the needle bed A
in the vertical adjustable bearings M attached to the standards B by set screws or
bolts. Each carrier consists in part of a bar or plate in which are a number of
holes properly arranged that serve as the openings for the yarn or thread to pass
through in its passage from the bobbins to the yarn guides x x or y y which are
fastened at proper distances apart on the plate. The arrangement of the guides xx
and yy on the carriers and of the loop hooks on the loop hook bar k k must
correspond with the slots in the upper edge of the needle bed A so as to bring them
in their proper positions to enable the guides to give the right and left and up and
down movements to the yarn or other material used to form the stitches and loops
without interfering.
Figure 6 shows the under-side of the needle bar C which rests on the front of
the needle bed A as shown in Figure 1. It has on the under-side a wide longi-
tudinal groove in which rests an adjustable bar q q considerably narrower than the
grove. Its position toward the upper or lower side of the groove is determined by
a series of set screws passing through the lower edge of the needle bar C and
pressing the adjusting bar up a greater or less distance.
Since the heels of the needles rest against the upper edge of the adjusting bar,
its height determines the distance to which the needles project upward from their
grooves in the needle bed.
The cam V. which moves the arm m m and thus operates the take-up rolls is
vertically adjustable on the shaft D by means of the disc V" whose collar V¹ is set
i.
'

page_text: rigidly on the shaft. The disc has two vertical slots V₁₁ in which set screws Vill
passing through the cam may be fastened at a greater or less height. A greater
or less range is thus given to the arm m m, and consequently a longer or shorter
turn to the take-up rolls. The devices by which this adjustment is effected are
shewn in Figures 10 and 11.
The yoke lever a a, which is shewn in position at the right of Figure 1 and in
detail in Figure 13, is held in place by means of an annular groove cut in the
clutch bb (Figure 12). On opposite points of the periphery of the clutch, which is
keyed on the shaft D in in the usual manner are pieces of steel z z which fit into the
groove and are held there by means of set screws z z¹ in the yoke lever a a; which
screws in turn hold the said lever in place. At the lower end of the lever a a is
fastened a spring c c which is attached to the bench or other support of the
machine. Its object is to form a fulcrum for the action of said lever. The clutch b b
has on its inner edge a series of teeth which correspond to the teeth on the loose
pulley Z which pulley is turned by a belt connected with the engine. When power
is applied to the machine it is done by means of the lever a a engaging the teeth
of the clutch bb into those on the pulley whose motion is thus communicated to
the shaft D.
The needle bar C receives an up and down motion from a pair of cams R on the
main shaft D. It is connected with these cams by the upright arms QQ¹. The
upper joint Q of each arm is fastened rigidly to the needle bar by a bolt Q and
is fastened adjustably to the lower part Q by a screw bolt Qu passing through a
slot in the joint Q¹ which can thus be fastened at a greater or less distance from
its lower end to the lower point Q thereby shortening or lengthening the whole
arm QQ Thus when the manufacturer desires a loosely knit class of goods, he
lowers the upper part Q1 letting it slide down on the ridge j j to where he wants
it, and fastens it again by means of the bolt Q" which action carries the needle
bar C and the needles a little lower on the bed A and thus makes the stitch longer
or looser. If the fabric is desired to be closer the arm is raised by the same
appliance thereby shortening the movement of the needle bar and causing the
needles to have less play. This device is shewn in detail in figure 14.
In Figure 17 the process of forming the loop is separately illustrated. xx denotes
one of the guides of the back carrier as it stands between the loop hook bar k k
and the needles 88 at the beginning and end of the operation. xx¹ denotes the
same guide as it is moving forward toward the needle s s in the first motion. The
direction in which the yarn is carried forward from this position to the needle and
backward to the loop-hook then forward again to and over the needle and back
again to the first position as shewn by the arrows Figure 17.
Figure 18 illustrates the formation of the body of the fabric y y denoting a guide
of the front carrier E with yarn attached, as it stands at the beginning and end of
the stitch. y y³ denotes the same guide as rocked forward by the action of the
arm S to the same needle that the back carrier throws its yarn over; y y² denotes
the same guide in its third position after crossing one needle to the left; y y³ the
fourth position after it rocks backward between the loop-hook bar and the needle;
-y y' the fifth position of the guide after passing two needles to the left y yo the
sixth position on rocking forward to the third needle; y y the seventh position
after passing in front of the third needle, where the guide remains momentarily
stationary while the back carrier makes the loop; yy the eighth position after
rocking backward and before moving two needles to the right to the first position.
The arrows indicate the course taken by the yarn.
I will now proceed to describe the operation of the machine in forming the
whole fabric; the yarn or thread passes from bobbins located a little above and in
the rear of the machine through the holes in the bars of the carriers to the eyes of
the guides, one set of yarns being thus arranged on the back and one on the front
carrier; from there down between the loop hooks and the needle bed to the take-
up rolls F which hold the ends of the yarns between them. Before setting the
machine in motion the different parts are brought to their relative positions, so

page_text: that each part will do its work in harmony with the rest in the formation of
stitch and loops as shewn in Figures 17, 18 and 19.
For this purpose the gear wheel J is set so that the friction rollers on the
upright arms K and K¹ are in the depressions of the cams G and H respectively.
The cams P are placed so that their highest surfaces rest against the friction
rollers N. The cam V whose motion governs the feed arm m m is placed with its
deepest point resting against the said arm. The cams X and Y are placed so that
their deepest points rest against the friction rollers of the upright arms U and U¹.
The cams R are so placed that the friction rollers ww on the arms Q are in their
lowest position, which brings the needle bar down to its lowest position on the
bed A. Motion being imparted to the shaft D as previously explained, its
revolution causes the friction rollers of the upright arms U and U¹ to roll up the
inclines or elevated parts of the cams X and Y thereby raing the lower ends of
the adjustable arms S and S¹ and rocking forward both carriers E and E¹. The
shaft D has at the same time given a corresponding movement to each of the
arms Qby means of its friction roller ww rolling in the groove of its cam R
toward its highest point and has thus raised the needle bar C with the needles
attached so as to bring the needles in line with the guides of both carriers in their
forward movement. The guides of the carriers E and E¹ are now carried, drawing
their yarns with them to the left over one needle by means of the friction rollers L
and L¹ the roller L rolling up the incline G₁ of the cam G; and the roller L¹
rolling up the incline H¹ to the outer rim of the cam H. The front carrier E
momentarily remains stationary (Figure 18 y y2) while the back carrier drops
backward to the loop-hook bar k k owing to the roller on the upright arm U₁
which enters the depression of the cam Y being drawn therein by the spring d d.
The loop-hook bar k k whose arm ee has followed the cam P in its revolution to
its lowest position now rocks up the loop-hook bar by means of the spring hh
drawing downward the connecting rod e e, so that the hooks on the said bar are
nearly in line with the descending guides of the back yarn carrier E' which in its
course drops so that its guides are a little behind and to the left of the hooks.
These guides now travel to the right behind the hooks owing to the roller L'
leaving the outer edge of the cam H and rolling down the incline H" The carrier E'
is now brought forward by the action of the roller on the upright arm U¹ rolling
up out of the depression of the cam Y; the carrier then moves to the left again
by the roller L' travelling up the incline H of the cam H Both carriers now
rock backward owing to the upright arms U and U' leaving the highest points of
the cams X and Y and travelling down the lowest depressions thereof drawn thus
by the springs d d and d d¹ and bringing the yarn guides between the loop-hook
bar and the needle bed as at y y in Figure 18. The back carrier E¹ now moves
to the right of its first position the roller L' again moving down the incline H
of the cam H; while the front carrier E travels twice the space it did in the first
movement or past two needles to the left to the position shown at y y' in Figure 18
owing to the roller L moving up the longest incline G¹¹ of cam G. As the
carriers E and E¹ move backwards and to the position mentioned the bar C
descends drawing the needles down, each with the three strands of yarn in its
hook uu the descent being caused by the arms Q following each by its roller w w
the groove in the corresponding cam R until it reaches the lowest part of the said
groove. The carriers E and E¹ now move forward again, the carrier E to the
position shewn at y. y Figure 18 at the third needle to the left of that started
from, the cause of which action has been previously explained in connection with
the first movements and the carrier E¹ to the same needle it first passed over, by
the action of the arm U₁
In harmony with the movements of the carriers, the needle bar C with its
needles is propelled upward as before described to meet the carriers again. The
three strands of yarn are held down on the shank 88 of each needle just below the
latch tt by the traction of the ends of the yarn that are between. the take-up
rolls F and that of the loops on the hook bar kk. A little after the needles begin.

page_text: their upward motion the second time the hook bar k k drops the loop which the
back carrier E¹ first threw over it, and begins to return to the position it must
occupy in order to receive the yarn when the back carrier E' rocks backward
again to make the next loop. While the guides of the yarn carriers are raised, the
rollers on the upright arms K and K act as follows: The roller L leaving the
highest projection of the cam G rolls inwards along the first incline G¹ being drawn
therein by the spring p p this movement causes the carrier E to travel one needle
to the right to the position y y of Figure 18 and remain momentarily stationary.
The back carrier E' under the action of the roller L' rolling out of the depression H
to the outer rim of the cam H has travelled one needle to the left or across the
hook of the needle and now moves over the same course it did at first to make the
previous loop until it has returned to the position in the line of the front carrier E
and over the same needle it commenced from. Both carriers are now drawn back-
ward by means of the springs d d and d d causing the arms U and U' to move
into the depressions of the cams X and Y the front carrier E so as to bring its
guide to the position y y' of Figure 18, and the back carrier to a position between
the bed A and the loop bar k k. The roller L of the front carrier E by the action
of its spring now travels into the deepest notch G of the cam G, causing the
guides on the carrier E to return to the first position or back of the second needle
to the right; and the back carrier E¹ is also acted upon by its spring and roller
carrying it back to where it started from.
The bar C with its needles having been drawn down by the movement of the
cams R taking with it the three new strands the friction of the old strands operates
to close the latches tt on the hooks of the needles as shown in Figure 16 thus
enclosing the new strands and letting the old ones slip over the needles which
completes the formation of a double loop and its holding stitches. The feed
bar m m under the pressure of the cam V has in the meantime caused the take-up
rolls to draw the fabric steadily down. The arms U and U' then come in contact
with the projections on cams X and Y and their rollers ride up the inclines and the
operation before described is again repeated. The action of the stitches themselves
(after the formation of the first) as the needles are raised and lowered opens and
closes the latches so as to allow the yarn to catch on the hooks and allow the
stitches to be discharged at the right time The yarn is carried by both carriers up to
and over the needle; the front carrier guide remains at the left of the needle long
enough for the back carrier guide to rock back to and pass around the loop hook, then
back to the place where it left the front guide; then both guides rock back between
the loop hook and the needle bed the front carrier with its guides passing two needles
to the left and the back carrier with its guides one needle to the right or to the first
position. The needles in the sliding bar C during this time pass down each with the
three strands of yarn in its hook, the latch being open; the needle again comes up
in time to catch the second stitch that the carriers bring to it, the strands of the
first stitch not rising with the needle but remaining on the shank of the needle,
held down by the traction of the part that is in the take-up rolls and the loop
that is on the loop-hook. The loop remains on the hook until the back carrier
falls back to make the second set of loops; when the loop hook drops the first loop
by its bar rocking a little farther down, returning again to the upright position at
the time the back carrier guide brings a second loop to it. The needles on the
sliding bar now rise simultaneously with the forward movement of both carriers,
the back carrier from its first position, and the front carrier three needles to the
left; both advance their guides to the needles in front of them, the front carrier
moves so that its guides each cross the corresponding needle to the right; the back
carrier so that its guides cross to the left; the front carrier remains stationary long
enough for the back carrier to rock its guides back to and over the loop hook, and
return to the place at which it left the front carrier. Both carriers then rock
backward while the bar C slowly draws the needles downward; when the old
strands having remained on the shank of the needle until this time, now allow the
needle to slip down through them, thereby pushing up the latch and closing it over

page_text: the new stitch. During this time both carriers return to their first position, front,
carrier two needles, and back carrier one needle to the right, and the stitch is
completed. The traction of the take-up rolls carries down the fabric, and the
carriers are raised to commence again
Having thus fully described the said invention as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the same, I wish it understood
that I claim
First. The wheel J provided with the cams G and H in combination with
mechanism for revolving the said wheel and with the yarn carriers E and E' which
are provided respectively with the guide arms K and K₁ for the purpose of
communicating to the shafts a motion in the direction of their length substantially
as described.
Second. The pivoted arms U and U₁ in combination with mechanism for
depressing their lower ends and means for automatically depressing their upper
ends, fixed supports, shafts or rods arranged in bearings in those supports and
having rigidly affixed rocking arms S and S¹ and pins respectively connecting
the rocking arms with the arms U and U' substantially as and for the purpose
described.
Third. The combination of the main shaft D the cams P rigidly affixed thereto,
the pivoted levers ee the connecting rods e e¹ the rocking arms ff, and the
loop-hook bar k k substantially as and for the purposes described.
Fourth. The combination of the grooved needle bed A, the needles u uv v,
the loop hooks, the yarn guides x x and y y, and the take-up rolls F with
mechanism for communicating to needles loop-hooks, yarn guides and take-up rolls
concordant motions from a common driving shaft substantially as and for the
purpose described
In witness whereof I the said William Robert Lake have hereunto set my
hand and seal this seventh day of December in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.