Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Dec., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 19th Sept., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 7th Dec, 1888
I, WILLIAM VARRALL of 1, Avenue Trudaine, Paris, France, Machine Builder,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
My Invention relates to an improved construction of domestic filter wherein the
filtering media are composed of discs or plates of ceramic or other porous material
and of carbon which are so combined and arranged as to ensure a perfect and
methodical filtration of the water intan apparatus of small size and elegant external
form.
My improved filter may be connected directly to the draw-off pipes of a house
service, the filter being fixed either to the nearest wall or otherwise supported in
position, and it is furnished with taps for drawing off either filtered or unfiltered
water at will.
When a number of these filtering media are combined, a very rapid flow of the
filtered water may be obtained.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings wherein figure 1 represents
a face-view; figure 2 a side view; and figure 3 a transverse vertical section of a
filter in its simplest form. Figure 4 is an inside face view of the cover. Figure 5
is a transverse vertical section of a double filter. Figure 6 is a vertical section of one
clement of a multiple filter. Figure 7 is a face view of one of the frames for holding
the filtering media.
The same letters of reference represent the same parts in all the figures.
The body a of the filter is formed with inlet and outlet sockets bc for unfiltered
water. The body a is closed water tight by a cover d, and the intervening space is
divided so as to separate the inlet b from the outlet e by a double diaphragm composed
of discs or plates ef which together with the body may be made of circular,
rectangular, square, or of other form. the one e being of ceramic or other porous
material and the other of carbon. The two plates e are placed close together and
are suitably luted in position. The back a and cover d are made concave internally,
and one or both of them is formed with a nearly circular rib i to support the filtering
dises against the pressure of the water.

page_text: The filter represented in figure 5 is fitted with two pairs of filtering discs ef the
water being supplied to the intervening space and delivered in a filtered condition
from the spaces between the outer faces of the filtering media and the adjacent
sides da. These spaces may discharge into the same outlet, or be provided with
separate taps g m, the upper cock g being made to discharge into the funnel head of
the lower cock m, as shewn. c is an outlet for unfiltered water.
The filter may also be composed of a series of double discs contained in open
ring frames, such as that represented in figures 6 and 7, each frame being provided
with a double set of filtering media ef, and with a transverse passagen, these passages
of the several ring frames being so arranged that those of adjacent frames are situated
at diametrically opposite points.
The above arrangements may be varied, according to the nature of the liquid to be
filtered, without in any way departing from the invention.
Dated this 21st day of December 1887.
W. VARRALL.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London,
Patent Agents.
1. WILLIAM VARRALL of 1, Avenue Trudaine, Paris, France, Machine Builder,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My Invention relates to an improved construction of filter wherein the filtering
media are composed of discs or plates of ceramic material, moulded carbon, or other
porous material of the same or different degrees of porosity which are so combined
and arranged as to ensure a perfect and methodical filtration of the water in an
apparatus of small size and of simple form.
The system of compound filtering plates upon which this invention is based, is
applicable for filtering large quantities of water as well as to domestic filters.
In ordinary filters, it is known that if only a slightly porous filtering medium be
employed, the supply will be very limited and if, on the contrary, a highly porous
material is used the supply will be more abundant to the detriment, however, of the
purity of the liquid.

page_text: The compound filtering media of my invention are formed by the combination or
juxtaposition of two or more discs or plates of different degrees of porosity in inore
or less close proximity, the first plate, through which the liquid passes, being the most
porous and serving to eliminate the impurities in suspension in the liquid which is
then able to traverse the other and less porous plates almost as readily as through the
first and more porous medium.
My improved filter may be connected directly to the draw-off pipes of a house
service, the filter being fixed either to the nearest wall or otherwise supported in
position, and it is furnished with taps for drawing off either the filtered or unfiltered
water, at will.
When a number of these filtering media are combined, a very rapid flow of the
filtered water may be obtained.
Reference is to be had to the drawing left with my Provisional Specification, and
also to the accompanying drawings, wherein figure I represents a face view, figure 2
a side view, and figure 3 a transverse vertical section, of a filter in its simplest form.
Figure 4 is an inside face view of the cover. Figure 5 is a transverse vertical
section of a double filter. Figure 6 is a vertical section of one element of a multiple
filter. Figure 7 is a face view of one of the frames for holding the filtering
media. The same letters of reference represent the same parts in all the
figures.
The body a of the filter is formed with inlet and outlet sockets bc for un-
filtered water. The body a is closed water-tight by a cover d, and the intervening
space is divided so as to separate the inlet b from the outlet g by a double diaphragm
composed of discs or plates ef, which, together with the body, may be made of
circular, rectangular, square, or of other form, the one e being of ceramic or other
porous material, and the other fof carbon. The two plates ef are placed close
together and are suitably luted in position. The back a and cover dare made
concave internally and one or both of them is formed with a nearly circular rib i to
support the filtering discs against the pressure of the water.
The filter represented in figure 5 is fitted with two pairs of filtering discs ef, the
water being supplied to the intervening space at b and delivered in a filtered condition
from the spaces between the outer faces of the filtering media and the adjacent,
sides da. These spaces may discharge into the same outlet, or be provided with
separate taps g, m, the upper cock g being made to discharge into the funnel head of
the lower cock m, as shewn. c is an outlet for unfiltered water.
The filter may also be composed of a series of double discs contained in open ring
frames, such as that represented in figures 6 and 7, each frame being provided with
a double set of filtering media ef and with a transverse passagen,.
these passages of
the several ring-frames being so arranged that those of adjacent frames are situated
at diametrically opposite points.
The series of frames are fitted together by spigot and socket joints at the central
boss and at the circumference, and are enclosed in an outer casing, not shewn.
The unfiltered water may pass through the central passage to the end of the series
then partly through the outer filtering surface of the end frame and partly through the
by pass passage n to the space between the opposite filtering surfaces of the end
frame and the next adjacent one, partly through said filtering surfaces, and partly
through the next by pass passage n, and so on, throughout the series.
The filtered water passes out through circumferential openings z in the rims of the
frames, to a common outlet.
The course of the unfiltered and filtered water is respectively indicated by featherless
and feathered arrows in figure 6.
Figure 8 represents a central vertical section, and figure 9 a plan, of a filter on this
principle for filtering large quantities of water at a time.
The filter comprises two series of vertical filtering elements, but this number may
be increased, or a single series only be employed.
Each series is composed of combined filter plaies ab, the plate a being highly
porous and the plate of carbon or other material, of a less porous nature. The

page_text: filtering media a bare, as clearly shown in figure 9, in openings in a frame of poly-
gonal section in which the filtering media a bare luted, as shewn at d, the whole.
being secured in place by a cover fand locking screw e. g is the inlet for the water,
which circulates around and percolates through the filtering elements, as before
described, and flows out in a filtered condition through the pipe connected with a
draw off tap. The direction of the flow of the liquid and the position of the
filtering surfaces ab may be reversed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :
1st. The employment in filters, of filtering plates of different degrees of porosity
combined substantially as hereinbefore described and for the purpose specified.
2nd. A filter for domestic purposes composed of a porous plate e and carbon
plate enclosed in a casing a provided with a cover secured as described, and
taps gm for the filtered water, as hereinbefore described and represented in the
drawings.
3rd. A filter for purifying large quantities of water at one time composed of
series of compound filtering plates luted in frames, and enclosed in a casing
provided with a cover secured by a locking screw, as described and represented in
figures 8 and 9.
Dated this 15th day of September 1000.
W. VARRALL.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London,
Patent Agents.