IMPROVEMENTS IN KILNS OR FURNACES PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE FOR BURNING PLASTER OF PARIS
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, of the Firm of
Robertson, Brooman, and Company, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City
of London, Patent Agents, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
KILNS OR FURNACES PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE FOR BURNING PLASTER OF
PARIS." A communication from abroad by Paul Louis Daviau, of
Puteaux, France.
Sealed the 8th November 1867, and dated the 23rd May 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Clinton Edgcumbe
Brooman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 23rd May 1867.
I, CLINTON EDGCUMBE BROOMAN, of the Firm of Robertson, Brooman, and
Company, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent Agents, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN KILNS
OR FURNACES PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE FOR BURNING PLASTER OF PARIS," to be as
follows:-
The chief features of this Invention are,-
First, the distribution of the crude plaster or material in a state of powder
upon two inclined surfaces heated by two fire-places to commence the burning
of the plaster.
Secondly, the continuation of the burning by the successive fall or descent
of the plaster upon inclined surfaces, which are continued in a zig-zag manner

page_text: to the bottom of the kind; the said inclined surfaces being heated by a mann
fire-place at the bottom.
Thirdly, the escape of the steam or vapor from the plaster, which is being
burnt, by tubes or passages in the side of the apparatus leading through the
brickwork.
Fourthly, the continuous working of the kiln for burning crude plaster in
powder.
Fifthly, the final fall of the burnt plaster into a receptacle fornied underneath
the apparatus.
The plaster-stone or material under treatment reduced to powder and in
its crude state falls into hoppers above the kiln, and slides down two inclined
planes which meet at the mouth of the kiln, the powdered plaster then
descends into the closed part of the apparatus which is made with projecting
and receding angles so as to form a zig-zag channel or passage extending to
the bottom, where the burnt plaster finally falls into a plaster chamber. The
angular or zig-zag apparatus is made of iron or refractory earth, and extends
from the top to the bottom of the kiln. A chimney surrounds this apparatus
and is built with angles or projecting angular bricks to correspond to the
apparatus. The zig-zag apparatus is of large or small capacity, the plaster
falls from one angle or line of the zig-zag to the next following from the top
of the apparatus to the bottom, in falling the plaster evaporates, and the
evaporation escapes by tubes or passages in the side of the apparatus, which
are led through the brickwork; at the meeting point of the two inclined
planes are two upper fire-places, the caloric of which heats the inclined planes.
Towards the bottom of the apparatus above the plaster chamber is the main
fire-place, the caloric of which rises in the chimney and heats the angular or
zig-zag apparatus up to the upper fire-places. The chimney is built of
refractory bricks which form, as before-mentioned, projecting angles on the
ipside corresponding to the zig-zag apparatus; this chimney extends from the
bottom fire place to the top ones. The inclined planes are of the same material
as the zig-zag apparatus. These two inclined planes have each a metallic
jacket forming a passage for the heat and the smoke from the fire-places up
to outer chimneys or flues. To avoid the too sudden meeting of the currents
of smoke which would drive back the smoke of the large bottom fire-place a
small metallic plate divides the passage formed by the jacket into two parts,
so, that the smoke coming from the upper fire-places and from the main fire-
place not coming suddenly together will follow the direction of the passage
without obstruction. The bottom part of the zig-zag apparatus is surrounded
with refractory brickwork at the main fire-place to avoid damage from the

page_text: heat. The zig-zag apparatus extends through the bottom fire-place and is
terminated by a straight metal channel which conducts the burnt plaster into
the chamber below.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman in the Great Seal Patent Office.
on the 22nd November 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, Í, CLINTON
EDGCUMBE BROOMAN, of the Firm of Robertson, Brooman, and Company, of
166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent Agents, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, Her special licence that I, the said Clinton
Edgcumbe Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or stich others
as I, the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, my executors; administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed; should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN KILNS OR FURNACES PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE FOR BURNING
PLASTER OF PARIS," (communicated to me from abroad by Paul Louis Daviau,
of Puteaux, France), upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being bad to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say :-
The chief features of this Invention, are,
1st, the distribution of the crude plaster or material in a state of powder

page_text: upon two inclined surfaces heated by two fire-places to commence the burning
of the plaster.
2ndly, the continuation of the burning by the successive fall or descent of
the plaster upon inclined surfaces which are continued in a zig-zag manner
to the bottom of the kiln, the said inclined surfaces being heated by a main
fire-place at the bottom.
3rdly, the escape of the steam or vapor from the plaster which is being
barnt by tubes or passages in the side of the apparatus leading through
the brick work.
4thly, the continuous working of the kiln for burning crude plaster in
powder.
5thly, the final fall of the burnt plaster into a receptacle formed underneath
the apparatus.
The Invention will be fully understood by the following description and the
annexed Drawing, which represents a vertical section of a kiln or furnace.
The plaster stone or material under treatment reduced to powder, and in its
crude state falls into hoppers above the kiln and slides down two inclined
planes a, a, which meet at the mouth of the kiln at X; the powdered plaster
then descends into the closed part A of the apparatus which is made with
projecting and receding angles so as to form a zig-zag channel or passage, as
shown, extending to the bottom where the burnt plaster finally falls into a
plaster chamber B. The angular or zig-zag apparatus A is made of iron or
refractory earth, and extends from the top to the bottom of the kiln. A
chimney e surrounds this apparatus, and is built with angles or projecting
angular bricks to correspond to the apparatus A. The zig-zag apparatus is
of large or small capacity; the plaster falls from one angle or line of the
zig-zag to the next following from the top of the apparatus to the bottom; in
falling the plaster evaporates and the evaporation or vapor escapes by tubes
or passages in the side of the apparatus, which are led through the brick-
work F. At the meeting point of the two inclined planes a, a, are two upper
fire-places b, b, the caloric of which heats the inclined planes. Towards the
bottom of the apparatus A, above the plaster chamber B, is the main fire-
place d, the caloric of which rises in the chimney e and heats the angular
or zig-zag apparatus A up to the upper fire-places b, b. The chimney e is
built of refractory bricks, which form, as before-mentioned, projecting angles
on the inside corresponding to the zig-zag apparatus A; this chimney extends
from the bottom fire-place d to the top ones b, b. The inclined planes a, a¹,
are of iron or refractory earth; these two inclined planes have each a metallic
jacket forming a passage 9 for the heat and the smoke from the fire-places up

page_text: to outer chimnies or flues f,f. To avoid the too sudden meeting of the
currents of smoke which would drive back the smoke of the large bottom
fire-place; a small metallic plate h divides the passage formed by the jacket
into two parts, so that the smoke coming from the upper fire-places and from
the main fire-place not coming suddenly together will follow the direction of
the
passage
without obstruction. The bottom part of the zig-zag apparatus A
is surrounded with refractory brick work D at the main fire-place to avoid
damage from the heat; the zig-zag apparatus extends through the bottom
fire-placed and is terminated by a straight metal channel, as shown, which
conducts the burnt plaster into the chamber B below. The fire-places may
be heated by any suitable fuel, charcoal, coal, coke, peat, wood, lignite, or
gas.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as the "Improve-
ments in Kilns or Furnaces particularly applicable for Burning Plaster of
Paris,"
First, constructing such kilns or furnaces so that the crude plaster or
material under treatment is distributed upon two inclined surfaces heated by
two fire-places to commence the burning of the material, substantially as
herein-before described with reference to the annexed Drawing.
Second, constructing such kilns or furnaces so that the burning of the
material is completed by its successive fall or descent upon inclined surfaces
continued in a zig-zag manner to the bottom of the kiln; these inclined
surfaces being heated by a main fire-place, substantially as herein-before
described, with reference to the annexed Drawing.
Third, constructing such kilns or furnaces with tubes or passages leading
from the burning chamber through the brickwork to carry off the steam or
vapour evolved from the material under treatment, substantially as berein-before
described with reference to the annexed Drawing.
Fourth, the combination of parts of kilns or furnaces, substantially as herein+
before described and represented in the annexed Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of November, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
C. E. BROOMAN. (L.S.)