Improvements in and connected with Lamp Burners.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Mar:, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 30th Dec., 1895-Accepted, 30th Mar., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Lamp Burners.
I, FRANÇOIS EUSTACHE MAVROGORDATO, of 58 bts Chaussee D'Antin Paris
in the Republic of France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to lamp-burners formed by the combination of a burner
fed with oil, spirit, petroleum, or other hydrocarbon and a mantle coated with an
oxide of an alkaline earth for rendering incandescent the non-illuminating flame of
the burner.
According to my invention in a lamp in which the burner is fed with oil from a
lower reservoir, the burner proper carries a mantle made for example of a light
metal web or fabric and coated with a fire-proof oxide. This burner is carried on
a tube and is fed by an intermediate burner to which the gas and air are admitted
in the requisite proportions to form a blow pipe or Bunsen burner flame.
The said burner communicates by means of tubes with the lower reservoir.
Two of the said tubes are supplied with wicks whose lower ends dip into the oil or
spirit and are heated by a pilot or permanent burner or the like constituting a
vapouriser so that the liquid which is conducted by the capillary attraction of the
wicks to the upper part of the tubes is vapourised in a chamber situated beneath
the Bunsen burner. The supply of air to this burner is regulated by a surrounding
sleeve. A gallery is also mounted on the said sleeve for carrying the lamp
chimney.
In another form of burner according to this invention, the vapouriser feeding
the intermediate burner is of a somewhat different construction. In this modifica-
tion a large central wick tube is employed for raising the oil or the like and around
the said tube are three smaller ones each provided with a wick and upwardly
terminating in a ring. The said ring constitutes the vapourising burner and is
provided with slots by which the vapour can escape, the flow of vapour being
regulated by means of a sleeve arranged over the said slots.
When starting the lamp alcohol or oil is poured into a lower chamber or vessel
which on being lighted heats the wick tubes. The vapouriser then ignites and
effects the continuous vapourizing of the oil or the like in the chamber connected
with the central wick tube.
When the burner is fed with oil or the like from an upper reservoir, the flow of
the liquid, (whether oil or spirit) to the supply tube is regulated by a screw tap.
the oil or the like rising in a narrow tube surrounding and heated by the
intermediate burner; a special vapourising burner in this case being dispensed
with.
The liquid is vapourised in the narrow tube above which may be arranged a
small chamber, the vapours finally descending by a wider tube feeding the aforesaid
burner.
When illuminating or purified oils or the like are employed, I preferably arrange
the burner so as to be fed from a lower reservoir, but differing in construction from
those already described. In this case a strong vapourizing burner is employed for
heating the upper end of a cylindrical wick tube (preferably of the Argand type)
through which the oil is raised.
To obtain the energetic heating necessary for the efficient vapourizing of the oil,

page_text: vertical blades or gills are arranged on the inner side at the upper part of the
ylindrical wick tube above the flame of the vapourizing burner. The vapourized
oil ignites on its exit from the wick tube, air being drawn in to the interior of a
perforated bulb or chamber, situated within the mantle which causes the flame to
spread projecting it against the said mantle and producing the incandescent
light.
Dated this 30th day of March 1895
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in and connected with Lamp Burners.
I, FRANÇOIS EUSTACHE MAVROGORDATO, of 58 Chaussee D'Antin, Paris
in the Republic of France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to lamp burners formed by the combination of a burner
fed with oil, spirit, petroleum, or other liquid hydrocarbon (which I will refer to as
oil) and a mantle coated with or formed of an oxide of an alkaline earth for being
rendered incandescent by an otherwise practically non-illuminating flame.
I will describe this invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Figures 1 to 6 illustrate a lamp constructed according to this invention in which
the burner is fed with oil from a lower reservoir.
Figure 1 shews the lamp burner in elevation. Figure 2 is a longitudinal section
of the same with the addition of the chimney and mantle. Figure 3 is a horizontal
section along the line E. F (Figure 2). Figure 4 is a horizontal section along the
line G H (Figure 2). Figure 5 is a horizontal section along the line A. B.
(Figure 2) and Figure 6 is a horizontal section on the line D. C. (Figure 2).
Figure 7 is a modification of the arrangement shewn in Figures 1 to 6, Figure 8
is a detached view of a part thereof.
Figure 9 illustrates in longitudinal section a lamp constructed with an upper
reservoir (not shewn in the drawing) such as is used for bracket lamps, for
lauterns, or the like.
Figures 10 to 12 illustrate another form of lamp with a lower reservoir more
especially for use when burning petroleum.
Referring first to Figures 1 to 6, the burner proper, 1, carries a mantle 14 made
for example of a light metal web or fabric coated with a fire-proof oxide. This
burner, 1, is carried on a tube 7 and is fed by a lower burner 5, to which gas and
air are admitted in the requisite proportions to form a flame like that of a blow-
pipe or Bunsen burner.
The burner 5 communicates by means of tubes 2 with the lower reservoir the
upper part of which is shewn at 4. The said tubes 2 contain wicks whose lower
ends dip into the oil in the lower reservoir and are heated by a pilot or permanent
burner 8 or the like constituting a vapouriser so that the liquid which is conducted
by the capillary attraction of the wicks to the upper part of the tubes 2 is
vapourised in the chamber 3 between the upper ends of the tubes 2 and the
burner 5. The supply of air to the burner 5 is regulated by a surrounding
sleeve having air supply apertures 5**, on which sleeve is mounted a gallery 6
or holder for carrying the lamp chimney 15.
In another form of burner shewn in section in Figure 7 the vapouriser feeding
the burner 5 is of a somewhat different construction. In this modification a large
central wick tube 2 is employed for raising the oil, and around the said tube are
three smaller ones 2× 2× each provided with a wick and terminating at the upper

page_text: end in a ring 8, constituting the vapourising burner and provided with flame slots 8×
by which the vapour can escape in the direction shewn by the arrows, the flow of
vapour being regulated by means of a sleeve 8**, Figure 8, arranged over the said
slots.
When starting the lamp, spirit or oil is poured into a receptacle 9 and this on
being lighted heats the wick tube 2 and the tubes 2* which feed the pilot burner 8.
The vapouriser then ignites and effects the continuous vapourising of the oil in the
chamber 3 in connection with the central wick tube.
When the burner is fed with oil from an upper reservoir as shewn in longitudinal
section in Figure 9, the flow of the oil to the supply tube 2 is regulated by a
screw tap 13* the oil rising in a small tube 11 heated by the lower burner 5 which
thus acts as a vapouriser.
The liquid vapourised in the small tube 11 above, enters a small upper
chamber 12 and the vapours then descend by the larger tube 13 to feed the
burner 5.
Referring now to Figures 10-12, Figure 10 is a vertical section. Figure 11 is
a section on the line C.D. Figure 10 and Figure 12 a section on the line A. B.
Figure 10. In this arrangement a strong vapourizing burner 8 is employed for
heating the upper end of a cylindrical wick tube 2 containing wicks by which the
oil is raised.
To obtain the energetic heating necessary for the efficient vapourizing of the oil,
vertical blades or gills 16 are arranged in the upper part of the cylindrical wick
tube above the flame of the burner 8. The vapourized oil ignites on its exit from
the wick tube 2, air being drawn in through the openings 2x and passing up in the
direction indicated by the arrows to the interior of a perforated bulb or chamber 18
situated within the mantle which bulb or chamber spreads the flame and projects it
against the mantle 14 which in each arrangement. becomes incandescent under the
action of the heat of the flame from the mixed oil gas and air.
In those figures where the mantle is not shewn it will be understood that one is
used as shewn in the other figures.
I do not limit myself to the precise details as they may evidently be varied
without departing from my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In lamp burners the combination of a burner for burning petroleum oil, spirit
or other liquid hydrocarbon with a mantle formed of a fabric coated with oxide of
an alkaline earth substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. In a lamp burner, the combination of a burner for burning petroleum oil
spirit or other liquid hydrocarbon and a mantle and a vapouriser fed by wicks and
heated by a continuous burner or initially only by a burner of petroleum spirit or
the like substantially as herein before described.
3. In a lamp burner, the combination of a burner for burning petroleum oil
spirit or other liquid hydrocarbon and a mantle and a vapourizing device formed
by a tube fed from an upper reservoir and heated by the flame of the burner,
substantially as herein before described.
4. The several arrangements and combinations of parts forming lamp burners
substantially as herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.