Improvements in Gas and Oil Motor Engines.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Oct., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 27th June, 1893-Accepted, 29th July, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas and Oil Motor Engines.
I JOSEPH SOUTHALL of Woodleigh, Selborne Road in the City of Worcester,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
66
Constructing gas and oil motor engines to act as follows; the cycle being that
known as the Otto," and the valve arrangement a modified combination of the
constructions described in Specifications No. 9038/91 and No. 1203/92, operated
entirely from a motion shaft driven by gearing on the crank shaft of the engine.
The lifting of the compound valve, which may be made either to perform the duties
of supply, exhaust and ignition or only of exhaust and ignition is accomplished by
causing the operating mechanism to act on the end of the spindle of the small
check or ignition valve, lettered A in Specification No. 1203/92. This mechanism
is by preference a lever pivotted to the cylinder and moved by a sliding cam sleeve
on the motion shaft into which its one end engages, the cam action being arranged
so to operate the lever as to cause its other end, which works in an eye on the valve
spindle, to impart to the valve as a whole, the necessary forward movements for
supply and exhaust and to the small ignition valve A the necessary lift for ignition.
When the engine exceeds its normal speed, the governor lowers a rod between a
projection on the inner side of the lever and the cylinder end, thus preventing the
lever moving in to operate the valve, when this occurs the cam sleeve (which
during the regular running of the engine is kept in its place by a spring sufficiently
strong to enable it to perform its functions without sliding back along the shaft)
gives to the lever and is driven back along the motion shaft compressing the
spring, the governor rod has notches down its side into which a weighted pawl
drops when the rod is depressed preventing its rising again till it is released by the
withdrawal of the pawl, this is done by the action of the lever which pulls it back
when about to lift the valve A, the rod after being lowered is thus free to rise after
any two revolutions of the crank shaft, the top end of the rod is made with a slot in
it so that if when the governor allows it to descend it should come on top of the
projection on the lever the pin in the slot slides down it and no harm is done, the
governor is driven from a pulley on the motion shaft. If oil is being used to form
the gas, the arrangement is as follows, a reservoir is provided into which tho
exhaust passes through a passage containing a non return valve made so as to
operate only when required, from the reservoir is a passage controlled by a stop
valve, this passage leads through an annular lamp fed with oil through a long duct
by a sight feed arrangement, so that when the engine is running, the exhaust gases,
or part of them, rush up through the lamp inducing air to flow in through
perforations in its sides to mix with the flame of the burning oil and thus
producing a flame of high temperature. This heat passes up heating the ignition
tube, into a cast iron box and heating a zig zag passage therein, into this passage
which is connected to the supply port of the cylinder at one end and is open to
atmosphere at the other, a pump controlled by the governor forces the oil to be
vapourised. The pump is operated by the valve spindle or by the lever which
operates saine. The top of the vapouriser box terminates in an exhaust pipe and if
desired a bye-pass pipe leading from the exhaust box reservoir to the vapouriser
box is provided so as to allow of part of the exhaust gases not passing through the
lamp. When stopping the engine the oil supply is cut off and the stop valve closed
at the same time bringing the non return valve into action, the engine now fills the
reservoir with compressed air which is available to blow up the lamp for restarting
for which purpose a little volatile spirit is put in the lamp. If preferred a spirit

page_text: lamp such as is used for removing paint can be used to heat the ignition tube and
vapouriser at starting.
Dated this 8th day of October 1899
JOSEPH SOUTHALL.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas and Oil Motor Engines.
I JOSEPH SOUTHALL of Woodleigh Selborne Road in the City of Worcester,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
Constructing gas and oil motor engines to act as follows:-the cycle being that
known as the " Otto" and the valve arrangement a modified combination of the
constructions described in Specifications No. 9038/91 and No. 1203/92.
On the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a valve arrangement according to my invention
suited for discharge, supply and ignition.
K is part of the combustion space of the cylinder into which opens the valve D.
This valve has attached to it a ring L forming a slide valve governing three
annular ports, namely M the exhaust port communicating with a discharge pipe,
N the air supply port communicating with the open air and O the port for supply of
gas or oil vapour.
When the working piston of the engine commences its exhaust stroke, the cam
face of the cam causes the end of lever Z to press on the end of spindle E
lifting valve D sufficient to allow of the exhaust gases passing into the port M; at
the commencement of the next outstroke of the piston, the valve D is still further
raised by the action of the cam face Y¹ until the ring L closes port M and
uncovers ports and N for the supply of gas and air to the cylinder; when the
piston makes its instroke compressing the charge the valve D is closed; at or near
the end of this compression stroke the lever Z operated by the cam face Y³ draws
back the spindle E opening the valve A which allows some of the compressed
explosive charge to pass by the passage J to the igniter, thus igniting the charge to
actuate the next outstroke of the piston.
The lever Z is pivotted at X and is as described above operated by the sliding
cam Y driven by a pin in the motion shaft B, which shaft is driven by gearing ou
the crank shaft at a speed of one revolution for two of the crank shaft.
The one end of the lever Z works between the cam faces Y¹ and Y' which act on
it in such a manner as to cause its other end which works in an eye on the spindle E,
to impart to the valve D the necessary forward movements for supply and exhaust
and to the small valve A the required lift for ignition.
When the engine exceeds its normal speed, the governor, Figs. 1 and 2, depresses
a lever G pivotted at H, lowering a rod R between a projection on the inner side of
the lever Z and the cylinder end, thus preventing the lever from moving in to
operate the valve D, when this occurs the cam Y, which during the regular running
of the engine is kept in its place by a spring S sufficiently strong to enable it to
perform its functions without sliding back along the shaft, gives to the lever and is
driven back by it along the shaft compressing spring S, the governor rod R has
notches down its side into which a weighted pawl P drops when the rod R is
depressed thus preventing its rising again until released by the withdrawal of P,
this is done by the action of a projection C formed on the lever Z which engages
with and pulls back P when the lever Z is about to lift valve A, if the rod Ŕ has
been lowered it is thus released and free to rise once in every two revolutions of the
crank shaft, the top end of the rod R is provided with a slot N, so that, if when
lowered it should come on top of the projection on Z, the pin in the slot N slides

page_text: down it and no harm is done, the governor can be driven from a pulley Q on the
motion shaft B.
If oil is being used to form the gas the additional apparatus shewn in Fig. 3. is
employed, it consists of a reservoir R into which the exhaust gases are carried
through a passage fitted with a back pressure valve V so constructed that its
operation can be, if desired, suspended; from the reservoir is a passage controlled
by a stop valve V', this leads through an annular lamp L fed with oil at D by a
sight feed or other suitable arrangement. When the engine is running the exhaust
gases, or part of them, rush up through the lamp inducing air to flow in through
perforations in its sides to mix with the vapour from the burning oil and thus
producing an intensely hot flame. This heat passes into the cast iron box B,
heating on its way an ignition tube introduced at K and also heating a zig-zag
passage P formed in the box; inside P, which is connected to the supply port of
the cylinder at its one end E and is open to atmosphere at its other end F, a pump
forces the oil to be vapourised through the tube G, the pump may be worked from
the valve spindle E or from the lever Z Fig. 1. thus bringing it under control of
the governor. The top of box B terminates in an exhaust pipe H.
A bye pass
pipe leading from below the lamp to B is advantageously provided so as to allow of
part of the exhaust gases not passing through the lamp. When stopping the
engine the oil supply is cut off and the valve V₁ is closed, the non return valve V
being brought into action at the same time, the engine now fills the reservoir, which
is provided with a safety valve, with compressed air which is available to blow up
the lamp for starting, for which purpose a little volatile spirit is put into it. If
preferred for starting a spirit lamp such as is used for burning off paint can be used
to heat the ignition tube and vapouriser box B.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
(1.) A valve arrangement for a gas or oil motor engine substantially as described
with reference to Fig. 1. and operating for supply of working fluid, discharge of
exhaust and ignition of the compressed charge.
(2.) In combination with a valve arrangement such as is referred to in the first
claim, the method of operating and governing same as described with reference to
Figs. 1 and 2.
(3.) In an oil motor engine the arrangement of parts substantially as described
with reference to Fig. 3. for using the exhaust gases.
Dated this 26th day of June 1893.
JOSEPH SOUTHALL.