Improvements relating to the Flues or Tubes of Steam Generators, Feed Water Heaters, Economizers, and similar Apparatus
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Aug., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 17th May, 1899--Accepted, 24th June, 1899
Improvements relating to the Flues or Tubes of Steam Generators,
Feed Water Heaters, Economizers, and similar Apparatus.
I, JOIN RUSSELL MACKAY, of 3, Glencairn Place, Mount Florida, Glasgow,
Scotland, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to steam generators, and to feed water heaters, economizers
and such apparatus where heated gases traverse flues or tubes for heating water
or for other purposes and has for its object to provide a flue or tube lining
whereby a maximum amount of heat is intercepted from the gases before they
are discharged.
flue
The invention consists in the employment of a baffle or retarding liner or
inner vane plate arranged within the tubes or flues through which gases pass in
the furnaces of steam generators or in feed water heaters, economizers or such
like apparatus, such baffle or retarding liner being formed from a corrugated
plate which is bent into circular form and fitted within the tube or
so that the exterior edges of the corrugations shall lie in contact with the interior
of the tube or flue while the interior edges of the corrugations shall form an
inner tubular space through which the gases may pass; narrow longitudinal
interstitial spaces being formed between the inner edges of the corrugations
through which the gases may pass into the longitudinal spaces which are enclosed
by the corrugated parts, the gases within the area circumscribed by the internal
tube being caused at the one end to enter this central tube while at the other
end a cap is provided to cover the central part and therefore permit the gases
within this central tube to pass out through the spaces formed by the corrugated
parts; so that thereby the gases are caused to come into contact with a relatively
large superficial area the maximum amount of heat being by this means inter-
cepted and retained for augmenting the temperature of the water in the boiler
or elsewhere.
In carrying the invention into effect in the production of a baffle or retarding
liner I longitudinally corrugate a sheet of iron or other suitable material with
corrugations whose edges on the exterior side are substantially flat or curved so
that when the plate is bent into circular form it shall fit and be pressed into
close contact with the inner walls of the tube or flue in which it is inserted
while the edges of the inner corrugations are so formed as to leave narrow longi-
tudinal interstitial spaces through which the gases may pass to the spaces partially
enclosed by the corrugated parts.
In carrying my invention into effect in accordance with a modification the
corrugations may be diagonally formed so as to be spirally disposed within the
tube or flue when the liner is inserted therein.
Instead of employing a tube like fitment having an outer corrugated form I
sometimes make my baffling device as a ribbed plate the ribs being solid or
double thickness metal vane like projections standing up from the surface of the

page_text: plate. When the ribbed plate is bent into the circular form for entering into
the tube the ribs have a radial position and the inner surface of the plate forms
a central core or space through which the gases may flow, additional spaces
being formed by the divisions between the projecting ribs..
I do not limit the application of my invention to any particular form of pro-
jecting rib or corrugation, but modify the same to suit the size of tube and the
purposes for which the tube is required.
Dated this 3rd day of A noust
1909
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.
Improvements relating to the Flues or Tubes of Steam Generators,
Feed Water Heaters, Economizers, and similar Apparatus.
I, JOHN RUSSELL MACKAY, of 3, Glencairn Place, Mount Florida, Glasgow,
Scotland, and 452, Henry Street, Brooklyn, New York, U.S.A., do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
My invention relates to steam generators, and to feed water heaters, economizers
and such apparatus where heated gases traverse flues or tubes for heating water
or for other purposes, and has for its object to provide a flue or tube lining
whereby a maximum amount of heat is intercepted from the gases before they
are discharged.
The invention consists in the employment of a baffle liner within the tubes or
flues through which gases in the furnaces of steam generators or in feed water
heaters economizers or such like apparatus pass, such baffle liner being formed
from a corrugated or other plate which is bent into circular form and fitted
within the tube or flue so that the exterior edges of the corrugations er pro-
jections of the plate shall lie in contact with and be firmly pressed against the
interior of the tube or flue while the interior edges, or the plate itself, shall form an
inner tubular space through which the gases may pass, narrow longitudinal inter-
stitial spaces being formed between the inner edges of the corrugations through
which the gases may pass into the longitudinal spaces which are enclosed
by the corrugated parts, the gases being caused at the one end to enter the inner
tubular space while at the other end a cap is provided to cover this inner tubular
space and therefore permit the gases to pass out through the spaces formed by
the corrugated parts so that thereby the gases are caused to come into contact
with a relatively large superficial area the maximum amount of heat being by
this means intercepted and retained for augmenting the temperature of the
water in the boiler or elsewhere.
The invention further consists of a modification in which instead of a corrugated
plate being employed a plate is used having ribs or projections formed upon its
surface which when the plate is formed into a circle become radially disposed
and on the plate so curved being introduced into the tube or flue such ribs or
projections form longitudinal walls and serve to provide a series of spaces com-
pletely enclosed by the flue or tube and the base of the plate.
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a flue or tube having an inner baffle liner
provided according to the invention and represents a cross section on the line ry
Figure 2.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal section corresponding to Fioura
1

page_text: CANTERIOR of a prate corrugated to form the bame nner
when bent to circular form.
Figure 4 is a cross section of a modified form of baffle liner mounted within
a tube or flue.
Figure 5 is a cross sectional elevation of a tube having a battle liner of modified
form.
Figure 6 is a sectional elevation corresponding to Figure 5 and on the line y z
Figure 5.
In carrying the invention into effect as illustrated in Figures 1, 2, and 3 in
the production of a baffle liner I longitudinally corrugate a sheet of iron A, or
other suitable material, with corrugations a whose edges a¹ on the exterior
side are substantially flat or curved so that when the plate A (Figure 3) is bent
into circular form it shall fit and be pressed into close contact with the interior
of the tube or flue B in which it is inserted, while the edges a² of the plate are
so disposed as to leave narrow longitudinal interstitial spaces c through which
the gases may pass to the spaces partially enclosed by the corrugated parts. At
the exit end of the liner A a cap or plug D is provided which closes the inner
tubular space C. The inner end of the baffle liner may have the longitudinal
spaces Cclosed and the inner tubular space open so that thereby the gases from
the inner tubular space are compelled to pass out by the narrow spaces c through
the longitudinal spaces C.
Instead of employing a corrugated plate to form the baffle liner I may employ
a ribbed plate E having ribs or projections e as illustrated in Figure 4 provided
thereupon which upon the plate E being bent to circular form are radially dis-
posed so as to form partitions by means of which the spaces within the tube
or flue B is divided into a series of radial spaces as well as an inner space C.
The baffle liner may be perforated so as to permit of passage of the gases from
the surrounding longitudinal spaces to the inner space or vice versa; the spaces
being open and closed at their respective ends.
In carrying my invention into effect in accordance with a modification the
corrugations, ribs or projections may be diagonally formed so as to be spirally
disposed within the tube or flue, when the liner is inserted therein, or the plate
may be conically formed instead of cylindrical and a cap or plug may be intro-
duced at one end of conical form to tightly fit and press the liner in contact with
the interior of the tube or flue.
As illustrated in Figures 5 and 6 the baffle liner may be produced of two
stamped plates H to form a central space C, the arms being similarly provided
with diverted flanges which may be drawn together so as to facilitate intro-
duction. The two parts H lie one against the other upon their edges which
are preferably inclined so that each of the parts H of the liner are wedge shaped
thereby permitting of the one part being first introduced and the other being
forced and pressed into position. A plug D may be employed to close the inner
tubular space C: and perforations may be provided for permitting of the passage
of the gases from the central space to the surrounding spaces or vice versa.
Instead of forming the baffle liner from sheet metal the liner may obviously
be provided from cast metal.
In the employment of the invention a deflected vane plate such as J (Figure 2)
may be employed to deflect the gases in their passage through the tube or flue.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, declare that what I
claim is:
1. Improvements relating to the flues of steam generators feed water heaters
economizers and similar apparatus substantially as and for the purposes herein-
before described and illustrated.
2. A baffle liner formed of a corrugated plate bent to substantially circular
form and firmly pressing against the interior of the tube and thereby providing a

page_text: central space and a series of surrounding spaces substantially as hereinbefore
described.
3. A baffle liner formed of a plate having ribs or projections provided thereupon
which upon the plate being bent to circular form and forced within a tube or
flue divide the flue into a central space and a series of surrounding spaces sub-
stantially as and for the purposes herein before described with reference to
Figure 4 of the drawings.
4. A baffle liner constructed substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
described with reference to Figures 5 and 6 of the accompanying drawings.
-ԱՆԵ
THIS Ten day Day 1099.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, and
25, Cross Street, Manchester, Agents.