matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PICKERS FOR Looms
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Kenyon at the Office
of the Commissioners. of Patents,, with his Petition,, on the 8th
February 1870.
I, JAMES KENTON, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PICKERS FOR Looms," to be as.
follows:-
:-
My Invention consists, first, in certain improved modes of making
pickers of hide; and, secondly, in certain improved modes of combining
metal and hide or other suitable materials. to form pickers.
In making pickers of hide I take a piece of hide of the width of the
picker or rather wider, with the edges doubled over, and stamp or cut it
of such a shape that when folded over a mandril an opening is left for
the fly spindle and for the filling; the holes for the picking band may
then be stamped out, or these holes may be stamped before or after.. The
inside filling is made of one or more pieces of hide to increase the
strength of the picker, and the foot of the picker is made of a projection
from this filling; or the foot may be made of one or more pieces of

page_text: hide inserted into the body of the picker; the filling also forms
either all or part of the opening for the fly spindle. By this improved
construction the picking band passes over the fly spindle and through
one or more folds of the hide. In some cases the filling is dispensed
with, and the whole picker made of one piece of hide. In wiring these
improved pickers the centre wire prevents the shuttle tip penetrating
too rapidly into the body of the picker.
In making pickers of metal combined with hide or other suitablo
materials I make a metal frame with openings for the fly spindle and
for the filling against which the tip of the shuttlo strikes. The opening:
for the fly spindle is lined with a piece of bide or other material of
sufficient length to be bent over at each end, and part of this lining is
cut away to reduce friction and allow room for the picking band,, the
end of which is secured to a button on the top of the metal frame, or the
band may be looped round the same or underneath the spindle. The
filling against which the shuttle strikes may be made of hide or other
material, or papier mache, or vulcanized india-rubber combined with
yarns or fabrics, and fits in a hole in the metal frame, and the picker
foot is inserted from below through the filling, and secured thereto with
a cross wire or otherwise; or the hide or other material for lining the
spindle hole may be prolonged and form the cover for the pad against
which the shuttle strikes and the picker foot; the pad and cover are
secured to the metal frame by wires or otherwise. In some cases the
lining for the fly spindle may be in two lengths, cach bent over inside
and outside the metal frame.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPLICATION OF ENGINE AND OTHER POWER TO DUPLICATE MACHINES CONNECTED BY A SIDE ROD
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Cooke at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th
December 1870.
I, JOHN COOKE, of Darlington, in the County of Durham, Mining
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPLICATION OF ENGINE AND OTHER POWER TO DUPLICATE
MACHINES CONNECTED BY A SIDE ROD," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates principally to the application of engine power
to duplicate machines connected by a side rod, but it is also applicable to
any kind of power when the dimensions of the machine are not large,
whether the power be given or received by the machine. The steam
engine or other central crank pin is applied to or near to the middle of
the side rod, or to an intermediate part of the same, in a way well known
and understood, care being taken that in the case of a steam engine the
centre lines of the duplicate machines and of the steam engine either
entirely or nearly coincide. In this case it is also desirable that the
power given or received by each machine should at the moment of
passing the centres be as nearly as possible equal. This part of the
present Invention is applicable to all cases in which it is not a matter of

page_text: importance to have duplicate engine power as well as duplicate machines.
When this principle is adopted this Invention consists of applying each
engine to each duplicate machine in such a way that the respective ends
of the side rod and connecting rod may be on the same crank pin, care
being taken at the same time that the centre lines of the engines are
neither parallel to each other nor in one straight line with each other.
These conditions are not however essential, nor in this case is it so
desirable for the two machines to be equal in effect at the moment of
the side rod passing the centre.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PERMANENT WAY, AND IN WHEELS TO BE USED THEREWITH
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Bevan Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
27th January 1870.-A communication from abroad by Alphonse
Mention, of Brussels, in the Kingdom of Belgium.
I, JOHN BEVAN SMITE, of Bishopgate Street, in the City of London,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PERMANENT WAY, AND IN WHEELS TO BE USED THEREWITH,”
a communication to him from abroad by Alphonse Mention, of Brussels,
in the Kingdom of Belgium, to be as follows:-
The improvements in permanent way consist in furnishing metal
rails with blocks, longitudinal pieces, supports, or side rails of wood,
combined with the metal rails in such manner that wheels may bear on
both metal and wood or only on one if desired, whereby considerable
saving of weight of metal rail is effected and a wide and more adhesive
bearing surface obtained for the action of driving or other wheels
presently to be described.
The improvements in driving or other wheels to be used with the way
above described consist in widening the bearing surface of the tyres and

page_text: leaving a groove near the flange; said groove when desired being fitted
or filled with a wooden tyre whereby greater friction is obtained, or a
wooden tyre may be fitted over the whole bearing surface of the tyre.
In some cases to obtain adhesion I make the sido wood rails in blocks
with spaces between them, into which I introduce sand or other 5
material.
The improvements may be conveniently performed by using an
ordinary flat bottomed metal rail, or a half longitudinal slice thereof, or
any convenient section may be used, and the wood rail or support may
be in lengths of 15 feet, or one foot, or other convenient length of suitable 1
section, and bolted or fastened to the web of the metal rail, and both the
metal and wood rail or blocks may be affixed to cross sleepers or
otherwise.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE WINDOWS
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Philipson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th April
1870.
I, JOHN PHILIPSON, of the Borough and County of Newcastle-upon-
Tyne, Coach Manufacturer, and a Member of the Firm of Messrs.
Atkinson & Philipson, Coach Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE WINDOWS,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in carriage windows to
O prevent them rattling or making any noise, and at the same time to
dispense with putting on either velvet or cloth, which is expensive, and
liable owing to the washing of the carriage to come off the wood.
According to my Invention I construct the ordinary wood frame for
the glass to be placed in and then varnish or gold size it, and when the
varnish or gold size is nearly dry sprinkle it over with flock or some
After the wood
like material, and repeat the same two or three times.
frame is put together and the glass inserted I again do the whole surface
of the wood with a further coat of varnish and flock, and thus prevent
any joints whatever being observed. The result obtained is a covering

page_text: of the wood most closely resembling cloth, and at the same time of a
soft material preventing any noise or rattling of the window and totally
impervious to water or liable to come off the wood. It also prevents the
wood frame swelling and getting tight in the grooves and causing
difficulty to pull up and down the window.
IMPROVED MACHINERY OR. APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING MATCHES 80 THAT THEY CAN BE DIPPED IN THE PHOSPHORIC PASTE WITHOUT ADHERING TO ONE ANOTHER
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ottmar Walch at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th July
1870.
I, OTTMAR WALCH, of Paris, Boulevard de Strasbourg, No. 83, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED
MACHINERY OR. APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING MATCHES 80 THAT THEY CAN BE
DIPPED IN THE PHOSPHORIC PASTE WITHOUT ADHERING TO ONE ANOTHER," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists of machinery or apparatus for separating
matches so that they can be dipped in the phosphoric paste without
adhering to one another. To effect this object I use a grooved slab in
which the matches are placed at equal distances beneath the reservoir
from which they are fed. This grooved slab forms the moveable bottom
of the reservoir, and both are simultaneously actuated in different
directions as hereafter described. The whole apparatus is carried upon
a frame of wood, iron, or other suitable material, the grooved slab and a
claw or bracket projecting from the reservoir being jointed respectively
to one end of a double lever oscillating on an axis fixed in suitable
supports on the frame. This lever is actuated by a second lever, raised

page_text: and lowered in a vertical direction around its axis by the operator. The
reservoir is furnished on its lower and outer side with a brush or any
suitable flexible material, and the grooved slab is supported on balls or
rollers or other similar device to enable the said slab to move horizontally
in any direction.
The reservoir is filled
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-
with matches, the grooved slab is traversed in a horizontal direction by
means of small levers, thus causing the matches to drop from the reservoir
into the grooves. The main lever is then raised and causes the slab to
advance and the reservoir to recede, the brush sweeps off all matches not
properly placed in the grooves, the main lever is then lowered, thus
bringing the slab and reservoir to their normal positions, the brush at
the same time carrying with it all the matches from the grooves to
receptacles below suitably and uniformly arranged on a frame suspended
in equilibrium by a counterweight. The matches are then carried in the
same position to the phosphoric bath, there they are dipped at a uniform
distance from each other, thus preventing the possibility of their adhering.
Instead of the grooved slab I may use a series of small cylinders
having longitudinal grooves therein, the said cylinders being oscillated
independently around their axes to allow the matches to escape with
their receptacles. By these means the manufacture of matches is
rendered much more simple and economical than heretofore, and a great
saving of time and labour is effected.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STREET AND CARRIAGE INDICATORS
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Higgins at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th
November 1870.
I, WILLIAM Higgins, jun'., of 1, Great New Street, in the City of
London, Type Founder, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STREET AND CARRIAGE
INDICATORS," to be as follows:-
I employ powdered vitreous materials such as glass or other substances
vitrified or capable of being vitrified at the heat of an ordinary glass
furnace in combination with varnish, oil, or other viscid fluid as a
medium for applying the same to plates of glass. These materials I mix
in about the proportion of two-thirds of the fluid to one-third of the solid
matter. The names of streets or other indications or inscriptions are
then painted with this mixture upon glass, and the whole subjected to
the heat of a furnace until a partial fusion ensues, when the powdered
material will be found firmly adhering to and incorporated with the
substance of the glass plate upon which it is painted.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WOOD SCREWS
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Colin Davies at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th June 1870.
I, GEORGE COLIN DAVIES, of Dayton, in the State of Ohio, one of the
United States of America, at present residing at Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WOOD SCREWS," to be as follows :—
The various kinds of wood screws heretofore made have had from
their form and necessary mode of manufacture some of the following
disadvantages (1), they have been liable to break where the shank
and core merge into each other; (2), the pitch or distance between the
threads has not been uniform; (3), the core has been of less diameter at
about the middle of its length than at the ends.
The object of my Invention has been to overcome the above defects,
and to provide merchantable wood screws possessed of the special.
advantages now to be mentioned; (a), they can be driven easily into
wood with little or no previous hole; (b), the point being always truly
axial they can always be driven in the direction in which they are

page_text: started; (c), the core provides the maximum strength at the point
where it is most required. For these purposes I manufacture or construct
such screws, first, by making the core of a conoidal or taper outline from
neck to point, and forming on, around, or with the said core a helix or
thread of uniform pitch and of uniform external diameter until it nears
the point where it dies out; second, in combination in screws with the
aforesaid core tapering from its base to its point, and with threads of
equal pitch and equal external diameter, except at the point forming the
entering end into a so-called central point; third, in combination with
the aforesaid tapering core with threads constructed as described under
the above first and second heads forming the holding edges of the
helices of such screws at a greater angle to the line of the axis of the
core than the leading edges of such helices; by leading edges I mean
the edges which enter the wood first when a screw is being driven.
CERTAIN IMPROVED APPLIANCES TO BE ATTACHED TO COTTON REELS FOR THE READY DIVIDING OR SEPARATING THE COTTON AS WOUND OFF, WHICH SAID APPLIANCES ARE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR THE SAME OR LIKE PURPOSES ATTACHED TO LADIES WORKSTANDS OR BOXES
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Henry Hart at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
October 1870.
I, ALFRED HENRY HART, of the City of London, in the County of
Middlesex, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVED APPLIANCES TO BE ATTACHED TO COTTON
REELS FOR THE READY DIVIDING OR SEPARATING THE COTTON AS WOUND OFF, WHICH
SAID APPLIANCES ARE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR THE SAME OR LIKE PURPOSES ATTACHED
TO LADIES WORKSTANDS OR BOXES," to be as follows:
-
The apparatus which forms the subject of this Invention consists of
a disc or plate of steel provided with a tang or projection by means of
which it may be attached to reels for holding cotton or to work-stands
or boxes used by ladies. The disc or plate may be made of any desired
size or shape, and is constructed with one or more cutting edges for the
purpose of dividing or cutting the cotton which it is desired to separate.
When the apparatus is applied to reels the tang or projection is
nserted in the hole or aperture in the centre of the reel, and when
applied to work-stands or boxes is attached thereto by any suitable
means.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CABINETS, STANDS, OR RECEPTACLES FOR SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Johannes Heinrich Ludwig
Theodor Pörtner at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with his Petition, on the 9th June 1870.-A communication from
abroad by Messrs. Pollack, Schmidt, and Company, of Hamburg,
Germany.
I, JOHANNES HEINRICH LUDWIG THEODOR PÖRTNER, of Regent
Street, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CABINETS,
STANDS, OR RECEPTACLES FOR SEWING MACHINES," (a communication to me
from abroad by Messrs. Pollack, Schmidt, and Company, of Hamburg,
Germany,) to be as follows:-
This Invention primarily consists in making cabinets, stands, or
receptacles for carrying, supporting, or containing sewing machines in
the form or shape of musical instruments, as pianofortes, for example, so
that when the machine is not in use it may have the appearance of an
ornamental piece of furniture much resembling in form that of a
piano.
The machine rests upon a bed occupying the position of the keys in
ordinary instruments. The upper part forms a cover to the machine

page_text: and is free to slide on the base, so that when the machine is required for
use it may be pushed back and the machine exposed to view, the forward
portion of this covering frame is provided with doors hinged to the
frame which when the cover is pushed back become extended to give
room for an attendant to work the machine, the doors are connected to
quadrant-shaped slotted guides, into which pins take, so that as the cover
is pushed back so the doors open by reason of the quadrant-shaped guide
travelling along the studs.
The front of the cover is fitted with a hinged flap so that when the
machine is not in use it is folded down, and the machine covered up.
The top of the cover, or what corresponds in pianos to the top cover is
fitted up as a workcase, and with scissors, knives, or other instruments,
bottles, or other articles that may be desired, or it may be fitted or
otherwise ornamented as fancy or taste may dictate. In some cases I
place musical boxes therein. The treadles are enclosed in a box with a
cover which forms when not in use a footstool.
Springs are fitted to the flaps, so that when dropped down or closed
they are also fastened and secure..
IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING SEWERS BY APPARATUS ADAPTED FOR THAT PURPOSE
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Richard Pook at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd November 1870.
I, WILLIAM RICHARD POOK, of 9, Vaughan Parade, Torquay, in the
County of Devon, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING SEWERS BY APPARATUS ADAPTED FOR THAT
PURPOSE," to be as follows:-
My improvements in ventilating sewers consist in using an apparatus
for that purpose which consists of a square cast-iron frame on the top of
which a grate is fitted, the frame having a wire basket (containing
charcoal) inside thereof, the same fitting into a socket or hole at the
bottom of the frame. Over the basket is an iron bucket for receiving
road mud, water, and other refuse. Fixed vertically in the centre of the
charcoal basket is a small tube with a balanced valve at the end for
carrying off overflow water from bucket. The mode of attaching the
frame to the sewer is by means of a flange at the bottom of the frame
which fits into the socket of a pipe from the sewer. Between the
charcoal basket and the frame, also between the bucket and the frame

page_text: is an annular space for the air to pass on its way from the sewer
through the charcoal basket, and finally through the grate into the
atmosphere.
By the above means the charcoal is kept perfectly dry and free from
dirt whatever. The connection with the sewer may be effected in
any suitable way convenient to the constructive engineer.
any
AN IMPROVED ROTARY MACHINE FOR SCRAPING AND WASHING POTATOES AND OTHER VEGETABLES, AND FOR CLEANING DRIED FRUITS
Year: 1870

page_text: -
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Derham at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
August 1870.
I, RICHARD DERHAM, of Neckinger, Bermondsey, in the County of
Surrey, Cooper, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED ROTARY MACHINE FOR SCRAPING AND WASHING POTATOES AND
OTHER VEGETABLES, AND FOR CLEANING DRIED FRUITS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of a barrel which is lined with perforated zinc
or any other metal.
The bung hole or opening made for receiving the vegetables or other
articles is made with a half inch rebate lined with leather, and the top
or lid plated with metal, and fastened by a metal hinge or strap with
screw or button. The barrel thus described is placed upon an ordinary
iron or wood frame or stand arranged so that the barrel may be easily
revolved, which is accomplished by means of a handle fastened in the end
of the barrel.

page_text: This machine scrapes and washes potatoes clean in a few minutes at
a great saving of time and labor. It can be adapted for large or small
quantities, and can be used for other vegetables, and also for cleaning
dried fruits.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATION OF CHIMNEYS AND Apartments
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Thomson and William
Thomson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 10th February 1870.
We, JAMES THOMSON, of 18, Whittington Road, Peckham, and
WILLIAM THOMSON, of 22, Carlton Square, Peckham, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATION OF
CHIMNEYS AND Apartments,” to be as follows :-
-
The improvements consist of a piece of sheet iron or zinc about five
inches deep made to fit the chimney breast, to which is attached by the
two ends and top at a distance of one inch a triangular tube having one
of its sides at the right angle perforated, forming a blower, which is
connected to a tube passing through the cheek of the fire-place down
through the floor of the room to an aperture in the outer wall. By
this arrangment a pneumatic syphon is formed, the chimney forming
the long leg, the tube and the apartment forming the short one; when
in action a sheet of air is formed in front of the opening of the fire-
place, preventing any smoke from entering the room, causing less
draught from doors and-windows, consuming less fuel to warm the

page_text: room, and preventing a down current carring smoke from other
chimneys into the the room when the fire is not alight.
In building houses the chimney iron or the mantlepiece may be made
the blower, and connected with an aperture in the outer wall by leaving
openings in the cheeks of the firo-place.
The improvements in ventilation of apartments consist in taking away
the vitiated air by a pneumatic syphon connected to the centre piece of
the ceiling, and to an aperture in the outer wall. To supply fresh air a
tube is placed round the room on the skirting board; the said tube is
perforated with holes of an inch in diameter, and connected to a box i
containing granulated charcoal and cotton wool, in summer the air
to pass through a refrigerator, and in the winter through a hot water
apparatus.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING. OR. TWISTING WORSTED OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Sykes at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th March
1870..
I, HENRY SYKES, of Greenbank, Cleckheaton, in the County of York,
Worsted Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING. OR. TWISTING
WORSTED OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to that class of spinning and twisting machinery
wherein fixed spindles or studs are employed for the bobbins and flyers
to rotate upon, and which bobbins are carried and driven by being.
mounted upon a tube to which a whirl or pulley is fixed, and the flyer
is driven by the action thereon of the yarn or thread. Now in some
cases it is found that there is too much drag or strain put upon the
yarn in thus dragging or driving the flyer by which the yarn is fre-
quently broken, to obviate which I construct the flyer with a long
central boss or tube so as to be placed over the top of the stud, and

page_text: supported on a centre point formed thereon, and I also arrange that the
tube which carries and drives the bobbin shall pass freely over or upon
the boss of the flyer, and thereby act upon it to produce rotary motion
and thus assist the yarn in driving it.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PROTECTING GOODS, WARES, OB STOCK IN RAILWAY AND OTHER TRUCKS, WAGGONS, OR VEHICLES, AND BUILDINGS
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Mowbray and
John Martin at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 31st March 1870.
We, WILLIAM ROBERT MOWBRAY, of Iledon Road, Drypool, and JoHN
MARTIN, of Spencer Street, both in the Borough of Kingston-upon-Hull,
in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PROTECTING GOODS, WARES, OB STOCK IN RAILWAY AND
OTHER TRUCKS, WAGGONS, OR VEHICLES, AND BUILDINGS," to be as follows:-
It is usual to cover trucks, waggons, or other vehicles, buildings, and
places, in which goods, wares, or other articles are placed temporarily by
a tarpauling or a waterproof canvas sheet, which when not in use is
folded up and tied round with ropes or cords to facilitate its being lifted
or moved from place to place. Now this folding causes creases and
small holes to be made in the sheet, and otherwise damages it so that
it wears out very soon, and as such sheets are expensive it is important
that some means should be devised to prevent the sheet being folded
when not in use, and the Inventors propose to so make the sheet that
it can be rolled up and carried on the vehicle to which it belongs without
in any way interfering with the facility of removing it.

page_text: We will describe how we propose to make a cover for a railway truck,
and how we propose to roll it upon a rod or rods, and secure it upon
the truck in a temporary manner or so that it can be removed for use
for covering sheds, stacks, or ricks, as required.
We sew or otherwise attach a cord, a strap of leather, or other material i
at intervals in or to the cover, so that the ends project to form ties for
fastening the same. The ends on one side or on both sides are secured
firmly to a roller or rollers, or slats, so that the cover can be rolled
upon it or them when not required for use; the roller or slat can be
hooked or otherwise fastened to the vehicle to retain it in place. If
the cover is provided with end pieces, we propose that they should be
rolled upon the body of the sheet after rolling that on, so that they
become as it were a part of the same.
IMPROVED ÅRRANGEMENT OF APPARATUS FOR FORCING AND PROJECTING LIQUIDS OR FLUIDS AND RAISING THE TEMPERATURE OF THE SAME
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James More and William
Leckie Graham Wright at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 5th April 1870.
We, JAMES MORE, Machinist, and WILLIAM LECKIE GRAHAM
WRIGHT, Engineer, both of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
"A NEW
Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of
OR IMPROVED ÅRRANGEMENT OF APPARATUS FOR FORCING AND PROJECTING LIQUIDS
OR FLUIDS AND RAISING THE TEMPERATURE OF THE SAME," to be as follows,
that is to say :-
This Invention, which relates to the forcing, projecting, and heating of
liquids or fluids for purposes where a steady and continuous jet of the
liquid or fluid is required, such, for instance, as in the extinguishing of
fires, the charging of tubes or vessels with hot water for heating or
other purposes, and in various other processes or operations, consists in
the combination of an instrument known as the "Gillard's" or other
'injector" with an air vessel or chamber. By means of the "injetor,"
which is attached by a pipe to the vessel or chamber, water or other
liquid or fluid is forced into the vessel or chamber through the action in

page_text: the injector of steam from a boiler, or of compressed air or other fluid
escaping through the nozzle from a reservoir. An air pump is also
applied to the vessel or chamber so that air or other gas may be
compressed therein to any required extent, and which acts upon the
water forced in by the injector. In the action of the injector upon
the water or fluid so continuously forced into the vessel or chamber the
steam employed therein becomes wholly or partially condensed, and
communicates a higher temperature to the water or other liquid or fluid
passing through it.
The apparatus herein set forth may be used in conjunction with
stationary; portable, marine, or other boilers, it being further explained
that the same is provided with one or more directing pipes, nozzles, or
perforated roses through which the water or other liquid or fluid may be
projected or discharged in any direction.
:
IMPROVED APPLIANCES FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Hamilton and Robert
Paterson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 15th September 1870.
We, JOHN HAMILTON and ROBERT PATERSON, both of Glasgow, in
the County of Lanark, North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVED APPLIANCES FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES," to be as
follows, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object to provide ready and handy
appliances which can be used instantly and effectually by any one for
extinguishing fires, the said appliances being of moderate cost, so that
one or more may be kept conveniently accessible in any house,. ship,
chamber, or space.
The Invention consists in combining separate supplies of an acid, such
as hydrochloric acid, and of a carbonate such as bicarbonate of soda,,in
the form of a grenade to be easily carried and thrown by the hand or
otherwise. These fire extinguishing grenades may be made of various.
forms and sizes, and with various arrangements of their parts. In one.
modification the acid is contained in a glass bottle placed centrally,. and
a rod of metal, glass, or other suitable material is placed so as to project.

page_text: outside of the grenade, and so as on being struck to break the bottle and
set free the acid. The acid bottle is enclosed in a shell of perforated
metal or other suitable material, but with a thin free space round the
bottle to allow the acid. to spread all round easily on the bottle being
broken. A second shell of perforated metal or other suitable material
forms the outside of the grenade, and between it and the first the space
is filled with the carbonate, which may be separated by plies or partitions
of porous materials to allow of the acid rapidly reaching all parts of the
carbonate. In using the grenade it is taken in the hand, struck with the
projecting rod against any solid substance so as to break the acid bottle,
and then thrown into the fire, whereupon the well-known action of the
acid on the carbonate will cause the evolution of large volumes of
carbonic acid gas, which will extinguish the fire wherever it gets access
to the ignited materials. In another modification the grenade may be
provided with a number of rods so that it may be thrown without first
breaking the acid bottle, this bottle being broken by one or other of the
rods on the grenade striking any object in the space into which it may
be thrown.
In order to obtain the most voluminous evolution of carbonic acid gas
from the materials employed it is desirable that the acid should be in
the proportion to the bicarbonate of one chemical equivalent of real
acid to each chemical equivalent of the sodium or other base of the
bicarbonate. It is not, however, essential to use precise proportions,
since as is well known to chemists, carbonic acid gas will be evolved by
the mixing of any reasonable proportions of acid and carbonate or
bicarbonate, but it is preferred to have the acid if anything a little in
excess.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PRESSING BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER ARTICLES MADE OF CLAY OR OTHER PLASTIC SUBSTANCES
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Henry Murray at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd June 1870.
I, CHARLES HENRY MURRAY, of Loman Street, in the Borough of
Southwark, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PRESSING BRICKS, TILES, AND
OTHER ARTICLES MADE OF CLAY OR OTHER PLASTIC SUBSTANCES," to be as
follows:-
The object of my Invention is to construct a simple and effective
machine which will be portable and may be worked by hand for pressing
bricks, tiles, and other analogous articles.
The mould to receive the brick or other article to be operated upon is
placed in a strong framing, and is open at top and bottom. A compound
piston or plunger is introduced at the under side, and the top is covered
up by a moveable lid hinged to or otherwise secured to the side
standards. The plunger is formed of two parts, each capable of inde-
pendent motion. The upper part of the plunger is the discharging
piston whereby the bricks or other articles after they have been pressed

page_text: are pushed up out of the mould, so that they may be removed with
facility. The lower part of the plunger is that which effects the com-
pression of the brick or other article. Both of these parts are actuated
by the same hand lever, which is keyed or otherwise secured on to a
cross shaft below. Upon depressing the hand lever the compressing
plunger is raised and carries with it the discharging piston, which rests
upon the top of it. This motion of the compound piston or plunger is
short, being only that which is required to compress the brick or other
article against the lid or cover of the mould, which is held down by two
strong side rods. When the brick or other article has been compressed
the hand lever is forced over in the opposite direction, the effect of which
will be to bring a cam or excentric against a stud fixed in a slot in a
vertical frame provided with cross arms, to which are jointed the side
rods which work the moveable lid or cover of the mould. By the
depression of the hand lever the cam or excentric will raise the side
rods and open the lid of the mould. Another pin or stud in the vertical
frame works in a slot at the lower end of the discharging piston rod, so
that when the side rods of the lid have opened the latter the discharging
piston will be lifted and will push out the brick or other article from the
mould. The brick may then be removed and another one put in its
place on the fall of the discharging piston; the hand lever is then
thrown back into its original position, and by so doing the brick or other
article will be lowered into the mould, the lid or cover replaced and
secured, and the brick or other article compressed by one and the same
motion. For the convenience of transport the machine may be mounted
on a barrow or carriage, so that it may be moved from place to place
where it may be required for use.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR STRETCHING FELT HAT BODIES
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Dunkerley and Ralph
Eaton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 25th October 1870.
We, BENJAMIN DUNKERLEY and RALPH EATON, both of Stockport, in
the County of Chester, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR STRETCHING FELT HAT
BODIES," to be as follows:-
This Invention is designed for the purpose of stretching the brims and
tips of felt hat bodies, and consists chiefly of a pair of clamps mounted
at an angle to each other and actuated by self-acting mechanism in such
a manner that when the tip or the brim of a felt hat body is introduced
between the clamps they first close and hold the same firmly and then.
recede from each other in a curved or circular direction so as to stretch
the felt between them, and lastly open so as to release the felt, and then
return to their original position ready for the next operation, and so
This operation will make the tip and brim thin, at the same time
that it stretches or pulls them into the required form without stretching
or otherwise interfering with the strength of the band or square. Each
clamp is formed of a pair of jaws faced with wood or other suitable
on.

page_text: material the upper jaw of each clamp being capable of being raised by
an india-rubber or other spring so as to open the clamps, and both upper
jaws being closed simultaneously by a T headed lever actuated by means
of a cam. The same cam after closing the jaws and thus holding the
felt firmly between them causes the clamps to recede from each other
in a curved or circular direction by acting against pins projecting from
the lower jaws, the said clamps turning on pivots or hinge joints at the
front end. A depression on the cam then releases the T headed lever
and allows the springs to open the jaws and liberate the felt body at the
same time the pins of the clamps are also released by the cam and the
clamps are brought together by a spring ready to commence the operation
again..
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS TO BE USED IN CONNECTION WITH RETORTS FOR THE MANUFACTURE of GAS
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Woodward and Adam
Woodward at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 4th May 1870.
We, WILLIAM WOODWARD and ADAM WOODWARD, junior, of the City
of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR
ARRANGEMENTS TO BE USED IN CONNECTION WITH RETORTS FOR THE MANUFACTURE of
GAS," to be as follows:-
In charging or discharging retorts at gasworks there is a large
quantity of dust, smoke, and other offensive gases which are disagreeable
to the workmen employed, and a nuisance in the immediate neighbour-
hood of the gasworks; and the object of our Invention is to remove or
abate the nuisance; and our Invention consists in arrangements by
which the draught from the chimney, or one produced by a fan, steam
jet, or other means may be caused to suck and draw away the said
smoke, dust, and other matters.

page_text: We prefer to carry out our Invention by a fixed hood in front of the
retorts, or a moveable hood made to traverse on rails in front of the
retorts, and arranged so as to be connected by a valve or damper with a
suitable pipe or channel communicating with the chimney.
IMPROVED APPARATUS OR COMBINATION TOOL FOR MILITARY AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Collis Browne at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th December 1870.
I, JOHN COLLIS BROWNE, of The Cedars, Hampton Wick, in the
County of Middlesex, Physician, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS OR COMBINATION TOOL FOR MILITARY
AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This consists of an apparatus formed of a series of articles such as a
spade blade, a pick, an axe, and a hammer; these can all be affixed on or
to the handle so that the different operations to which each of them is
applicable can be effected, or one or more of them only may be affixed as
found convenient. The handle is formed of two pieces which are jointed
one to the other so as to fold up to economise space and to facilitate the
carriage or packing, and when the handle is extended it can be held
secure and rigid by clips or sliding bands, so that sufficient strength is
obtained for the purpose either for cleaving or cutting timber, digging
and shovelling up earth, hammering in nails, or any other operation of a
similar kind.

page_text: The apparatus is intended for the use of troops in the field or in the
camp and for emigrants and others. If used for military purposes the
the spade blade can be used to protect a man lying down from the effects
of the enemy's fire, while he can use his rifle by firing it through a hole
in the blade, which hole can be closed, by a shutter; the blade may be
fixed in the ground by itself or it may be in connection with the pick
and other parts, in which case the pick would be stuck in the ground.
The blade is slightly concave and it can be used as a frying or cooking
pan, a wash bowl, or other purpose as desired. It can also serve as a
defensive plate for a man by suspending it from his neck and carrying it
in front of him while in action. The pick is jointed to the handle and it
can be held firmly in position by a screw bolt. The hammer head can
be fixed in place by a thumb screw, and when removed it can be screwed
on the end of the handle opposite to the tool end.
The apparatus is very compact and light in weight and can be carried
without much fatigue.
IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO THE FURNACES OF STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Cha" Neale May at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
June 1870.
I, CHA³. NEALE MAY, of the Firm of Brown and May, North Wilts
Foundry, Devizes, in the County of Wilts, Engineers, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO THE
FURNACES OF STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows:-
These improvements relate more particularly to the furnaces and
boilers of portable locomotive or semi-portable engines, and consist,
firstly, in making the fire-bars of such furnaces hollow in order to allow
of the passage of water through them; these bars may either be fixed
permanently in the boiler, or they may be swung on trunnions fixed at
one end, or any other part, so that by drawing back a catch or other
simple contrivance they may be allowed to fall and thus clear the fire-
grate. Feed water may also be pumped through these hollow bars or
allowed to flow freely through them; these bars may also be provided
with receptacles for holding the mud which can be readily cleaned. Two
or more dampers are also provided underneath the bar, and by working

page_text: these dampers one or more at a time the fire may be kept clean and
free from clinkers. These dampers are applicable to any kind of
fire-bar.
The Invention also relates to a means of feeding the fire with hot air.
For this purpose the smoke box and chimney (or a portion thereof) are 5
provided with a jacket connected by means of a large tube to the ash
pan or grate, the ordinary air passages being closed. By this arrange-
ment the fire is made to draw its supply of air through the jacket, the
air thus becoming heated during its passage to the grate.
In adapting the improvements to stationary engines a number of 1
hollow plates or tubes are placed inside the flue, or one is placed inside
another, and by drawing the air through the heated surfaces it is
heated by means of the waste heat on its passage to the fire, by which
the consumption of fuel is to a great extent economized.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CHECKING THE RECEIPTS BY MONEY TAKERS, AND FOR RECORDING THE NUMBER AND CLASS OF ADMISSIONS
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Twiss Sutton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th February 1870.
I, ROBERT TWISS SUTTON, of No. 28, Langham Street, in the County
of Middlesex, Inventor, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CHECKING THE RECEIPTS BY MONEY
TAKERS, AND FOR RECORDING THE NUMBER AND CLASS OF ADMISSIONS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object the registering and checking of the
amounts of money received or collected on public conveyances or at
places where such registration may be needed, and of recording the
number of passengers' admissions or exits, and arranging them into classes
if required. For these purposes a gate, turnstile, or upright shaft with
arms may be used, and in connection with such gate, turnstile, or shaft
is a ratchet wheel which controls the movement of said gate, turnstile,
or shaft by means of a dog or catch on the said shaft so that the shaft
can be prevented moving but one way. On the said shaft in connection
with said ratchet is a round box or wheel with a zig-zag groove thereon
with pockets, in which groove runs a bolt when the shaft revolves
forced by said groove at stated distances into one of said pockets, and

page_text: which bolt must be moved from such pocket to allow the rotation of
said box or wheel connected with the said shaft. The said bolt is con-
nected with a trap or table which may be worked on a pivot. Over
or under said table or trap are a series of bars which lift or depress, as
the case may be, said table; each of said bars has a figure or indicating
device, and said bars are set on a horizontal shaft and connected with
each bar; on said shaft is a ratchet wheel with a dog or catch, on said bars
respectively at one end of said shaft is a pair of matched gear con-
nected with a small roller on which paper or other suitable material
properly supported and extended from the opposite side over or under
said bars bearing such figures or devices is rolled by the working-of-said-
bars acting on said gear, each movement of said bars respectively im-
pressing said paper with its respective figure or device. Attached to
each of the said bars is a handle or foot trap, also numbers or devices
which may correspond with the figures or devices on the bars, which
numbers shew outside upon moving the said handle or foot trap. The
whole excepting the top of the turnstile, handles, or foot traps may be
confined in a box of suitable shape and locked.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF RAISING, LOWERING, AND MOVING WEIGHTS
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Punshon at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd February
1870.
I, ROBERT PUNSHON, of Newcastle-on-Tyne, in the County of North-
umberland, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED METHOD OF RAISING, LOWERING, AND MOVING WEIGHTS," to be as
follows:
This Invention consists of the following mechanical arrangements for
raising, lowering, and moving weights:-A revolving wheel on a bar
with three or more claws to grip and hold the weight, a cask for example.
To the centre of the aforesaid revolving wheel and claws one end of an
upright bar is connected by a loose socket, and to the other and top end
of this upright bar a horizontal screw socket is fixed into which a screw
rod takes, so that supposing the same arrangement of parts to be placed
at each end of the cask, and the two sockets to be drawn together by the
aforesaid screw rod, the ends of the cask will be firmly held by the afore-
said claws. Chains or ropes are connected to each of the aforesaid
upright bars for raising and lowering the cask. A brake is also employed
in connection with the above arrangements.