Improvements in or relating to Photographic Burnishers.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 5th May, 1896-Accepted, 3rd Oct., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Photographic Burnishers.
I, GUSTAVE CHARLES WILLIAM GENNERT, Manufacturer, residing in Elizabeth,
in the County of Union and State of New Jersey, U.S.A. and whose Post Office
address is Nos. 24 and 26 East 13th Street, New York City, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to burnishers for photographs of that class in which one of
the pressure rolls is heated by means of gas jets while the other roll is applied with
variable pressure against the heated roll the construction of the heated roll being
such that the supply of gas as well as a supply of air necessary for combustion is
regulated in a very effective manner so that various inconveniences connected with
burnishers of this class heretofore in use are obviated and a very effective burnishing
apparatus for photographs obtained.
The invention consists primarily of a burnishing apparatus for photographs which
comprises a pressure roll a hollow heating roll provided with tubular gudgeons a
perforated gas supply pipe that extends through one of the hollow gudgeons axially
into the heating roll a gas supply valve at the outer end of said gas supply pipe
means for regulating the supply of air to the interior of the gas supply-pipe a
perforated extension at the end of the tubular gudgeon which is at the opposite end
of the heating roll and a chimney extending around said perforated extension.
The invention consists secondly of a rotary heating roll a rotary pressure-roll placed
in contact with said heating roll spring cushioned journal bearings for the shaft of
the pressure roll fulcrumed levers pressing on the bearings of the pressure roll and
means for actuating and setting said fulcrumed levers on the bearings so as to
regulate the pressure of the pressure-roll on the heating roll all as will be herein-
after fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings and finally
pointed out in the claims.
In the accompanying drawings-
Fig. 1 represents a front elevation partly in vertical longitudinal section through
the heating roll of my improved burnishing apparatus for photographs a portion of
the supporting standards being broken away and a portion of the wire gauze covering
of the gas supply pipe being removed.
Fig. 2 is an end elevation of one end of the burnishing apparatus partly in
section on line 2-2 Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the opposite end of the same.
Fig. 4 is a detail vertical section on line 4-4 Fig. 1 showing the valves for
regulating the quantity of gas and the air supplied to the heating roll of the burnishing
apparatus, and
Fig. 5 is a section on line 5-5 Figuro 1.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout.
Referring to the drawings-A represents the supporting standards of my improved
photographic burnisher which are connected at their upper ends by a cross piece A¹
that is rigidly attached to the standards A. The hollow gudgeons b 6° of a hollow
heating roll B are supported in suitable stationary anti-friction bearings B' provided
with rings b' of graphite or other dry lubricating material so that the use of oil for
the bearings of the heating roll is dispensed with and thereby the accumulation of
dry oil and gumming of said bearings obviated. Above the heating roll B is
arranged the pressure roll C which is rotated in contact with the heating roll by

page_text: means of intermeshing gear wheels B C of which one is applied to the gudgeon b
and the other to the end of the shaft of the pressure-roll C.
The opposite gudgeon of the heating roll B is provided with an extension having
openings that are surrounded by an upwardly extending chimney D fixed to the
outside of the standard A at that end so that the products of combustion can
readily pass through the hollow gudgeon 6º and the openings & into the chimney
and be conducted off through the open upper end of the same without inter-
fering with the hand crank or other apparatus by which the burnisher is operated.
The gudgeon b is extended beyond the perforated portion 62 of the same and closed
at the outer end such extended portion serving for attaching a hand crank E by
which the heating roll B and pressure roll C are rotated. The chimney D is pro-
vided at its closed lower end with a bracket d that is cast integral with the chimney
said bracket being attached by means of screws d' to the adjacent standard A. as
shown in Figures 1 and 3.
To the opposite standard A is attached by means of a somewhat similar bracket f'
a sleeve which supports a gas supply pipe G that extends centrally through the
hollow gudgeon b and into the hollow heating roll C the closed end of which pipe
is located near the opposite gudgeon 6°. On the outer end of the gas supply-pipe G
is arranged a cap G which is provided with a nipple g to which the flexible gas
supply-pipe go is applied. A needle or other valve passes axially through the cap
and closes a narrow throat g' through which the gas is supplied to the supply-pipe G.
A loose rotary sleeve h is placed between the shoulder of the cap G' and the sleeve f
said sleeve being provided with a handle ' so that it can be readily turned. The
outer end of the gas supply-pipe G and the stationary cap G are provided with
openings and the loose sleeve his provided with openings 4 which latter can be
placed in or out of register with the openings of the cap and in the end of
the gas supply-pipe so that the supply of air to the interior of the gas supply-
pipe may be regulated at will or entirely interrupted while the supply of gas
is independently regulated by the needle valve g¹. By this arrangement the proper
proportion of gas and air is supplied to the interior gas supply-pipe so as to
produce the complete combustion of the gas and the air while the air necessary
for combustion is drawn through the annular space that is formed between the
tubular gudgeon 6 and the gas supply-pipe so that the gas and air mixture is
burned with a blue heating flame at the interior of the roll B and thereby the
same heated up in an effective manner. The products of combustion pass through
the opposite gudgeon 10 and openings of the same and are conducted off
through the chimney D as before described. In order to secure a more perfect
combustion of the mixture of gas and air and to cause a greater degree of heat
with less danger of smoke and noxious products of combustion I place tightly
upon the perforated gas supply-pipe G a wire gauze cover G (see Fig. 5) through
the meshes of which the mingled air and gas pass. The shaft-ends of the pressure-
roll Care supported in graphite bearings or journal boxes C¹ which are guided in
rectangular openings or ways in the standards A said boxes being provided at
their under sides with socket-shaped recesses in which are inserted strong helical
cushioning springs Co that rest on the stationary boxes of the heating roll. To the
tops of the movable guide-bearings Care applied the ends of pressure levers C
that are fulcrumed to pivots a of the cross-part A' and are connected at
their inner ends to a pivot pin p which is located at the lower end of a screw-
spindie m that is adjusted higher or lower by means of a hand-wheel n so as to
apply thereby said outer ends of the fulcramed levers with greater or less pressure
to the journal boxes C of the pressure roll C. By this arrangement the pressure-
roll C can be set to a greater or less distance from the heating roll so as to
permit the
passage of thinner or thicker photographic boards between the rolls the
pressure of the roll C on the heating roll B being readily regulated as required
for the size of photographs to be burnished. By lowering the outer ends of the
fulcrumed levers C the journalled boxes are pressed in downward direction against
the tension of the helical cushioning springs so that the pressure roll can be

page_text: readily set to the required degree of pressure. On raising the outer ends of the
fulcrumed levers the pressure-roll is raised by the cushioning springs and thereby
the pressure between the burnishing rolls is diminished.
The advantages of my improvement in burnishing apparatus are that the heating of
the lower roll B is accomplished in a very effective manner by the complete com-
bustion of the air and gas mixture supplied to the same while the products of
combustion are conducted off in such a manner as not to interfere with the
working of the apparatus; secondly by the adjustable pressure that is imparted
to the pressure roll by the cushioning springs movable journal boxes and adjustable
levers the pressure between the burnishing rolls can be readily adjusted to the-
degree required by the special work to be done.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that
what I claim is :-
1. In a photographic burnisher the combination with a hollow heating roll pro-
vided with hollow gudgeons and bearings for said gudgeons of a perforated gas
supply-pipe extending through one of the gudgeons and having air openings at
its outer end a rotatable perforated sleeve having openings adapted to register
with the air openings of the gas supply pipe and adapted to control the air
supply a valve for controlling the supply of gas and means for conducting off the
products of combustion substantially as set forth.
2. In a photographic burnisher-the combination with a hollow heating roll pro-
vided with hollow gudgeons and bearings for said gudgeons one gudgeon being
open through one bearing so as to receive the supply-pipe while the other gudgeon
has a hollow extension passing beyond the other bearing said hollow extension being
provided with openings of a perforated combined air and gas supply-pipe extending
through the open ended gudgeon into the hollow heating roll means for regulating
the supply of gas to the supply-pipe means for regulating the supply of air to the-
supply pipe and a chimney arranged at the extreme end of the apparatus and being
fixed to the outer side of the bearing which receives the extended gudgeon said
extended gudgeon passing through the chimney and communicating therewith
substantially as set forth.
3. In a photographic burnisher-the combination of a heating roll a pressure roll
supported in movable journal boxes cushioning springs interposed between the
movable journal boxes and the stationary boxes of the heating roll levers fulcrumed
intermediately of their ends the outer ends of which levers press on the movable
journal boxes of the pressure roll and means for raising or lowering the inner ends
of the fulcrumed levers so as to regulate in connection with the tension of the
cushioning springs the pressure between the heating and pressure-rollers substantially
as set forth.
ell
1800
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,.
Agents for the Applicant.