IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick William Mowbray, of Shipley, near Leeds,
in the County of York, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 31st August 1855, and dated the 23rd June 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick William
Mowbray at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 23rd June 1855.
I, FREDERICK WILLIAM MOWBRAY, of Shipley, near Leeds, in the County of
York, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING" to be as follows:-
The improvements relate, firstly, to means for forming selvages to fabrics
when two pieces are woven together side by side in the loom, to be afterwards
separated by cutting up between them, and the improvement consists in giving
the selvage threads a turn round each pick of the weft, or half a turn one
pick & the other half turn the next pick of weft, so as to lap a portion
of the weft under when the cutting up is effected to separate the two pieces.
At that part of the loom where, in weaving, the two fabrics come together,
there are instruments to aid in forming such adjoining selvages by supporting
and controlling such selvage threads. These instruments are connected at
one of their ends to tubes (one at each adjoining selvage), through which.

page_text: those selvage threads pass. The instruments are opened and closed for
the shedding whilst they have a rotation or partial one with the tubes as
desired.
Secondly, the improvements consist of a mode of actuating rotary shuttle
boxes so as to obtain greater speed in plain looms, (that is,) where jacquard
apparatus is not used to make figured goods. Instead of the threads of the
the shuttle box,
jacquard apparatus being used to govern the levers which turn
a small cylinder is placed at the end of the loom suitably perforated to act
upon two or more-levers, which are connected-with the ordinary catches, such
cylinder being capable of working either with or without cards.
Thirdly, the improvements consist in actuating rotary shuttle boxes in order
that such in their movement may be capable of moving a distance equal to
two compartments of the shuttle box, instead of only one as heretofore.
This is effected by making the lever or driver which drives the shuttle box
with two catches on it instead of one, so that it takes two teeth of the ratchet
wheel which is fixed on the box, driving it two compartments instead of one,
such lever or driver being capable of moving the box only one compartment
also when desired. Another mode to effect the same-purpose consists in
having four levers. or drivers instead of two as heretofore, so that one lever or
driver drives the box over as the lathe of the loom comes forward to beat up,
& one in connection with it, working on the same ratchet wheel, pulls the bar
over another compartment as the lathe recedes for picking.
Fourthly, the improvements consist in an improved method of taking back
the picker after having driven the shuttle, which improvement consists in
employing a lever fixed on the casting which carries the levers for driving
the shuttle box, such lever projecting so as to pass over the top of the box
when the lathe beats up, and also having a lateral motion each pick, which
catches the picker and pushes it out of the box so as to allow. the box to turn
freely.
Fifthly, the improvements consist of a means of stopping the loom when the
shuttle does not land properly. A pin is fixed in the end of the casting which
carries the shuttle box,, so as to come in contact with the picker when the
shuttle is driven properly-home; this pin then projecting through the end of
the box catches the stop rod, and carries it over the frog or stop; but if the
shuttle falls short, the pin is just flush with the casting on the lathe, and
the stop rod, having nothing to hold it up, falls on the frog and stops the
loom. Another method is, to fix a small lever on the end of the revolving
shuttle box casting, so that one end comes in contact with the picker when
the shuttle drives it up, the other end of the lever being connected with a

page_text: wire carried across the lathe, & there connected with a small bent lever which
works between the ordinary tongue of the shuttle box (for stopping the loom
when the shuttle does not land) and the back of the said box, so that when
the shuttle drives the picker up properly in the rotary box, this bent lever is
pulled in between the tongue and the box, holding up the stop rod over the
frog, but if the shuttle falls short, the stop rod drops and stops the loom.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederick William Mowbray in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 22nd December 1855.
•
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
WILLIAM MOWBRAY, of Shipley, near Leeds, in the County. of York, Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS. Her most Excellent Majesty. Queen Victoria; by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth. year of Her,
reign, did,. for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said. Frederick William Mowbray, Her special licence that I, the said
Frederick William Mowbray, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Frederick William Mowbray,, my executors;
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others;
from time to time and at all times thereafter. during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN. LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Frederick William Mowbray, by.
an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same;
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick William Mowbray, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly. described, and ascertained in and by the;
following statement thereof (that is to say):-
The improvements relate, firstly, to means for forming selvages to fabrics
when two pieces are woven together: side by side, in. the loom, to be after

page_text: wards separated by cutting up between them; and the improvement consists
in giving the selvage threads a turn round each pick of the weft, or half a turn
one pick and the other half turn the next pick of weft, so as to lap a portion
of the weft under when the cutting up is effected to separate the two pieces.
At that part of the loom where, in weaving, the two fabrics come together,
there are instruments to aid in forming such adjoining selvages by support-
ing and controlling such selvage threads. These instruments are connected
at one of their ends to tubes (one at each adjoining selvage), through which
those selvage threads pass. The instruments are opened and closed for
the shedding, whilst they have a rotation or partial one with the tubes as
desired.
Secondly, the improvements consist of a mode of actuating rotary shuttle
boxes so as to obtain greater speed in plain looms, (that is,) where jacquard
apparatus is not used to make figured goods. Instead of the threads of the
jacquard apparatus being used to govern the levers which turn the shuttle
box, a small cylinder is placed at the end of the loom, suitably perforated to
act upon two or more levers which are connected with the ordinary catches,
such cylinder being capable of working either with or without cards.
Thirdly, the improvements consist in actuating rotary shuttle boxes in order
that such in their movement may be capable of moving a distance equal
to two compartments of the shuttle box, instead of only one as heretofore.
This is effected by making the lever or driver which drives the shuttle box
with two catches on it instead of one, so that it takes two teeth of the ratchet
wheel which is fixed on the box, driving it two compartments instead of one,
such lever or driver being capable of moving the box only one compartment
also when desired. Another mode to effect the same purpose consists in
having four levers or drivers instead of two as heretofore, so that one lever or
driver-drives the box over as the lathe of the loom comes forward to beat up,
and one in connection with it (working on the same ratchet wheel) pulls the
box over another compartment as the lathe recedes for picking.
Fourthly, the improvements consist in an improved method of taking back
the picker after having driven the shuttle, which improvement consists in
employing a lever fixed on the casting which carries the levers for driving the
shuttle box, such. lever projecting so as to pass over the top of the box
when the lathe beats up, and also having a lateral motion each pick, which
catches the picker and pushes it out of the box, so as to allow the box to turn
freely.
Fifthly, the improvements consist of means for stopping the loom when the
shuttle does not land properly. A pin is fixed in the end of the casting which

page_text: carries the shuttle box so as to come in contact with the picker when the
shutttle is driven properly home; this pin then projecting through the end of
the box catches the stop rod, and carries it over the frog or stop; but if the
shuttle falls short, the pin is just flush with the casting on the lathe, and
the stop rod, having nothing to hold it up, falls on the frog and stops the.
loom. Another method is to fix a small lever on the end of the revolving.
shuttle box casting, so that one end comes in contact with the picker when
the shuttle drives it up, the other end of the lever being connected with a
wire carried across the lathe, and there connected with a small bent lever
which works between the ordinary tongue of the shuttle box (for stopping the
loom when the shuttle does not land) and the back of the said box, so that
when the shuttle drives the picker up properly in the rotary box, this bent
lever is pulled in between the tongue and the box, holding up the stop rod
over the frog, but if the shuttle falls short, the stop rod drops and stops
the loom.
But that the nature of my said Invention, and the means which I adopt in
carrying the separate parts into effect, may be fully understood, I will proceed
to describe the Drawings annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS A.
Figure 1 shows a section of some of the parts of a loom with modifications
applied to it, according to the first part of my improvements. a, a, is the main
framing of the loom; b is the batten, which is driven in the ordinary manner
from the crank axis c by the connecting rods d; e is the breast beam; f, the
work roller; and f', the warp roller. The yellow lines indicate the warp
threads employed in weaving the body of the fabric. The red lines show
those selvage threads which are operated according to this part of my
improvements.
I would here state that in attempts heretofore made to weave more than one
piece of fabric one by the side of the other, where the same weft is at the same
time thrown across the separate breadths, great difficulty has been experienced
by reason of the selvages becoming loose after the cutting up to separate the
breadths, and various attempts have been made to operate upon such selvage
threads, in order to remedy this evil. But, to the best of my belief, all
such attempts have been ineffectual, or have only been attended with partial
success.
And the object of this part of my improvements is by giving a succession of
rotary motions to such selvage threads to cause a turning under of the weft
threads at such parts, when the cutting apart of the pieces is effected, whereby

page_text: I am enabled to produce a better holding of them, and consequently more
perfect selvages. g,g, are the instruments arranged in pairs; one pair to each
adjoining'selvage for guiding such selvage threads.
•
...
"Figure 2 of these Drawings A shows on a larger scale'a plan of these instru-
ments, as arranged to operate upon two adjoining 'selvages. Figure 3 shows
a section, also to an enlarged scale, of parts of the loom, with a side view of
these instruments; and Figure 4 is a back view of the same. Figures 5 and 6
shew some of the parts separately. In each of the Figures of these Draw-
ings A, the same letters indicate similar parts. Each pair of instruments gis
connected to, and so as to turn upon hinge joints g', carried by a tube g², which
serves to carry these instruments in their rotary motion, as hereafter ex-
plained, as well as to conduct those selvage threads as they are woven into the
pieces. The tubes ga are supported in bearings g³, g³, formed on the bracket g',
and there is affixed on each a worm wheel g, one of which is taken into and
receives motion from a wheel with similar teeth h, carried by a stud 'h', and
the wheel gs thus driven takes into and drives the worm wheel 9, affixed upon
the other tube g². Upon the wheel his formed or affixed a star wheel h², which
is for a time held stationary by the rim i of the wheel, in the rotary motion
of that wheel sliding in one of the curves in the star wheel h³. But when in
the rotary motion of the wheel ', the studs in the wheel¹ come in succession
into the recesses h³, in the edge of the star wheel he, partial rotary motion will
be given to that wheel to turn the instruments g. The wheel ¹ is fixed to the
end of an axis 23, which is supported so as to turn freely in bearings carried by
the framing, as shown, and it receives motion from the main or crank axis c,
by there being affixed upon that axis the bevilled pinion j, which takes into
and drives the bevilled pinion affixed upon one end of the axis j², the other
end of which is flattened so as to pass between the projections of the wheel i¹,
to give rotary motion to that wheel. Upon the axis is also affixed the pinion
-k, which, by means of the intermediate wheels -,, gives motion-to the
pinions.,, affixed upon the spindles k', which carry bobbins to hold the
selvage threads operated by the instruments 9, g.. The teeth of the wheels k, l,
and k, are formed at an angle across the surface of the wheels, as shown, in
order to the teeth of the wheel / taking into those of the wheels ³. The
selvage threads operated by the instruments g, g, pass from the bobbins & in
the directions shown by the red lines through the tubes g², and through the
eyes go, at the end of each of the instruments g, and the instruments g of each
pair have a tendency to separate at their outer ends by the force of the springs
9 operating thereon,, and when thus separated they hold their selvage threads
open, somewhat parallel with the open shed formed by the other warp threads,
1

page_text: in order to the shuttle freely passing therethrough, and when the weft has
been thrown through the adjoining fabrics and the warp closes for the opening
of a fresh shed, the instruments g of each pair are caused to close with the
shed. This is effected by means of the plates 1, 1, in which are formed slots or
openings for the passage of the instruments g. The lower ends of these
plates 1, 1, rest upon so as to be operated on by the levers 1, which are.
operated by the cams or tappets 1, 1, affixed upon the tappet shaft, and these
cams or tappets are so arranged as to operate upon the plates 1, 7, to cause the
upper end of the slots in one plate to approach the lower end of the slots in
the other plate, and thereby close the instruments g, as shewn by dotted lines
in Figure 5, at the time of the closing of the shed, when the rotary motion or
partial rotary motion will be given to those instruments g, by the means already
explained. And by the arrangement of parts shewn for operating these
instruments, they will give a complete rotation to the selvage threads which
they carry after each pick of weft. But this may be varied, and in place of a
complete revolution being given to each pair of such selvage threads, after each
pick of weft they may give only a half revolution one pick, and the other
half revolution the next pick. In thus causing these adjoining selvage threads'
to make their successive twistings in. one direction, the loose ends of the weft,..
projecting after the cutting up to separate the adjoining fabrics, will have a
tendency to turn under from the face of the fabric, by which a better appear-
ance will be given to those edges of the pieces, and those projecting ends will
Le more securely tiel in. The cutting up to separate the fabrics I prefer to
effect in the process of weaving, for which purpose I apply a knife m, which
cuts the weft threads, and thus separates the adjoining pieces at each back
movement of the batten. I would here further state that I have not thought:
it necessary to enter into detail respecting the ordinary and well-known parts
of the loom, and have confined myself simply to describing those parts only to
which my improvements apply.
.
I will now proceed to describe the second part of the improvements.
וי
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS B.-.
Figure 1 shows part of an end view; and Figure 2, part of a front view, of
a loom, arranged with improvements according to this part of the Invention ;
Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 show some of the parts separately. In each of the
Figures of these Drawings B, the same letters indicate similar parts wherever
they occur. a, a, is the main framing; is the main and crank axis, which,
by means of the connecting link c, gives motion to the batten'd; d' is one of
the swords or supporting arms of the batten. The main or crank shaft b has

page_text: affixed upon one of; its ends a pulley, by which it receives motion from a steam
engine or other, suitable power by a strap or belt, as is well understood; and b
is a fly wheel upon the axis b; b is a pinion (shewn by red lines in Figure 1),
affixed upon the axis b, which, by means of the intermediate wheel 63 commu-
nicates motion to the toothed wheel b', affixed upon the tappet shaft e; fis a
rotatory shuttle box, affixed at one end of the batten in the frame f¹; it is
supported so as to be capable of rotating upon an axis f³, carried by the outer
and upright end of the frame f¹, whilst it is also in part sustained by the frame
f, so as to steady its movement, and it is divided into six separate compart-
ments f, each capable of receiving a shuttle. Motion is given to the rotary
shuttle box by there being affixed thereto the star wheel f³, in which are
formed six recesses f, each of which is capable of being taken into by studs g,
projecting from the face of the wheel g', upon which are also formed the por-
tions of a rim g², which by resting, against the curved portions f of the star
wheel retains it, and consequently the series of shuttle boxes to which it is
affixed, from rotary motion, after each operation upon that wheel f³, by one of
the studs g, until the next stud of the series comes round again. The wheel g'
is capable of rotating upon a stud g', carried by a bracket affixed to the frame
f, and it has also affixed to it a plate g³, between which and the wheel g¹
there are other pins 9 to be operated upon by the driving instruments h, when
desired to bring up a fresh shuttle box of the series to a line with the race of
the lay; the driving instruments h, h; when brought into position act to turn
the plate g, and by it the star wheel f³ and series of shuttle boxes. These
instruments h are supported so as to turn upon pins h', carried by the framing
of the loom, and the change of shuttle box is effected at the coming forward of
the batten for the beat up, when the plate g¹ with its pins g* will be brought
forward into position to be acted upon by the instrument h in position next to
operate:
But if both those instruments are out of the way of operating upon such.
pins 9', then the box will remain for the next pick of weft in the position in
which the last weft was thrown across. The shuttle box is held from moving
on its axis, except by the means explained, and also so as to be retained
correctly in position with one of the boxes always in a line with the race of
the lay, by means of the cross head i affixed to the sliding rod , which is
pressed by its spring against the wheel, affixed to the series of shuttle
boxes, as shewn. But when the pins g of the wheel g' come against one or
other of the drivers h to drive partly round the series of shuttle boxes, as
explained, the cross head i is moved out of the way by the yielding of the
spring, r, are plates, one at each end of the shuttle box,. which serve to

page_text: prevent the ends of the shuttles projecting beyond their chambers or compart-
ments in the box f, so as to interfere with the operation of the parts; s is the
picker, which is operated in the ordinary manner; and t, t, are guides to
the picker to retain it in position when clear of the compartments of the
rotatory box.
The levers h, h, are each by a connecting rod h³ connected to a separate
lever h³, which turns upon a pin h' projecting from the side framing, and at its
other end each lever is by a rod h³ connected to one end of a lever h, of which
there is in this arrangement one to each lever h. Each lever he turns upon the
stud h carried by the side framing, and carries a pin h³ to be operated upon
by a cylinder j, which may be perforated according to the selection of shuttle
box desired, or may carry cards so perforated, and this cylinder j is supported
and operated from the side framing of the loom, as shewn, by which simplicity
of operation upon the series of shuttle boxes is effected. When the variations
in the selection of shuttle from the shuttle box fare frequent, I prefer to use a
series of cards, and I have shewn this part of the improvements to operate with
them. The cylinder j is supported, and operates to effect the change of card
in the following manner-Upon the main or crank axis 6 is affixed a pinion
k, which takes into and gives continuous motion to the toothed wheel Zaffixed
upon the hollow axis l', upon which is affixed excentrically the pinion ², as also
the excentrics. This hollow axis turns upon a fixed pin, which serves to
sustain the outer of the two plates or frames m, and connect it with the other
of those frames m. The cylinder is supported so as to be capable of turning
freely upon an axis carried between the two plates n, n, which are capable
of sliding up and down between the upper parts of the frames m, m.
plates or frames n, n, carry trucks or rollers n¹, n¹, by which these frames are
supported on the rims of the excentrics 13. These excentrics are for the
purpose of lowering the card cylinder j out of the way of the pins h³ of the
levers ho, whilst by the rotation of that cylinder the change of card is effected,
and for again raising that cylinder with the selected card into position to
operate upon one or other of the levers h. The movement on its axis of the
cylinder for the change of card is obtained from the tooth wheel ², which is
placed excentrically upon its axis in order that it may keep acting with the
teeth of the wheel o, as that wheel rises with the rising and falling of the
frame n by the excentrics 13. Upon this wheel o is affixed the rim o' and
the pin o, for taking into the recesses of the star wheel o affixed to
the cylinder j, whilst the rim o' holds the star wheel, and consequently the
cylinder j between each change, by rubbing against the curved recesses between
the notches or recesses o³ of the star wheel of. At each falling-of the cylinder
These

page_text: and parts connected therewith to bring a fresli 'surface to operate, or to bring
up a fresh card, the levers h are raised out of the way. This is effected by
means of the lever p, which turns upon a stud p¹ carried by the main framing.
This lever p at one end rests against the under side of the' axis of the cylinder
j, whilst at its other end p² it is bent outwards, as shewn, so as to be capable
of coming under, and when the cylinder is down, as shewn by Figures 1, 2,
7, and 8 of these Drawings B; of supporting tlie outer ends of the levers ho.
When in the revolution of the excentrics 13, 1, the cylinder j is raised, the
end p of the lever p is depressed, allowing the pins hs of the levers he to come
into position to 'be operated by that cylinder, or the cards carried thereby. q is
a can to bold the series of cards operated by the cylinder j.
I will now describe the third part of my improvements.
:
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING C.
Figures 1, 2, and 3 of this Drawing show parts modified according to this
head of the improvements. In this case the parts are for the most part
similar to those last described, except that the drivers h, h, have each two
notches,, so as to be able to act in succession if desired, and thereby in
the beat up of producing a shifting of card from that last in operation to the
next but one instead of the next. The levers he have also two pins h¹¹, h¹², one
shorter than the other, and the cards are perforated to correspond. When on
the rising of the cylinder j there is no perforation under the longer pin h, the
lever operated thereby will be moved out of the way of the studs or pins g*
in the wheel g. When there is a perforation under that longer pin, but no
perforation under the shorter one, the lever will be allowed to come into
position, so that its notch ho may come into position to act upon one of the
pins 9, and thereby in the coming forward of the batten to cause a movement
only from one to the next of the series of shuttle compartments, and so on
when the cards only act upon the shorter pins h", a movement equal to that
from-one- -shuttle box to the next will alone be produced, but when the card is
perforated opposite both the pins h" and h¹ of either of the levers, then the
lever he in connection therewith will be allowed to rest against its stop-u, and
in the coming forward of the batten, first one pin g' will be acted upon by the
outer notch ho of that lever h, and then the next pin g' will be operated by
the next notch ho, by which the series of boxes will be caused to move round
a distance equal-to two boxes.
Another mode of effecting this object is shewn by Figures 4 and 5 of
Drawing C. In this case there are four levers h, two long ones and two short
ones, and each is operated by a separate lever ho, and the longer levers have

page_text: aspring eaten it, which, when its lever is brought into position to act,
will admit of a pin g' passing that lever without turning the wheel g¹; but
which acts to pull it round a distance equal to that between two pins 9 as
the batten recedes. The movement of the series of shuttle boxes fa distance
equal to two shuttle compartments or boxes will be obtained by operating upon
the levers h in connection with the levers h, to bring into position a shorter
upper lever h, and a longer lower one, or a shorter, lower, and à longer
upper one.
I will now describe the fourth part of my improvements.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING D.
Figure 1 shews a sectional end view, Figure 2 shews a front view, and
Figure 3 a plan, of parts arranged according to this part of my Invention.
Upon the cam or tappet shaft is affixed the arm A, in which is fixed the pin
A to act as a wiper, and in the revolution of the tappet shaft this pin A' acts.
upon the lever B, which turns upon a centre at B', carried by a standard from
the main framing. The lever B is drawn towards the shaft by a spring B²,
and at its upper end it is connected by the link C to one end of the bell crank
lever D, which turns upon a pin carried by a standard from the framing, as
shewn, and at its other end it is connected by the rod E to a stud from the
arm F, affixed to an axis G, which turns in a bearing formed in the bracket
H, and at its upper end has affixed, to or formed on it the lever I, which, when
the batten comes forward, and the shuttle has been thrown across, acts against
the picker to move it back clear of the compartments of the shuttle box, so
that the box may freely rotate for the next change of shuttle.
I will now describe the fifth part of
my improvements.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS E.
Figure 1 shews a front view, Figure 2 a plan, and Figure 3 an end view, of
parts of a loom, sufficient to explain this part of the improvements, which,
though applicable to shuttle boxes in general, is especially adapted to those of
a rotating character, such as above described, where several boxes or chambers
are contained in one cylinder. A is a pin, which is supported so as to be
capable of sliding in the end of the casting f¹, which carries the shuttle box or
cylinder. This pin is acted upon by a slight spring B so as to have a tendency
to move in towards the shuttle boxes, with the outer end flush with that cast-
ing; but when a shuttle is properly landed in the box, and the picker s is-by
it thrown back, the pin A will be forced outwards, and in the coming forward.

page_text: of the batten for the beat-up, the arm C, affixed to the shaft C', will be pre-
vented from rising, which it will have a tendency to do. The shaft C¹ is
supported, as shewn, in brackets carried by the framing of the shuttle box, and
at its other end this shaft has affixed to it the arm D, in the forked end of
which rests the upper end of the lever E, affixed to the stop rod by which the
other end of that lever E will be raised out of the way of the "frog." But
when from any cause the shuttle does not properly land in the box, the pin
will by its spring be forced inwards, with its outer edge flush with the frame
f, and at the beat-up the arm C will rise somewhat, and the arm D by rest-
ing against the batten will have no tendency to move the lever E out of the
way of the frog, which will then be acted upon in the ordinary way to stop the
further motions of the loom.
Figure 4 of these Drawings E shows a front view, and Figure 5 a plan,
of parts of another arrangement for stopping the loom when the shuttle
does not properly land in its chamber of the series of chambers in the
rotary box; and this arrangement is especially adapted when a rotary shuttle
box is employed at one end of the batten, and a single shuttle box of the
ordinary kind at the other end of the batten, as shewn. F is a lever,
which is capable of turning upon a centre projecting from the framing, as
shewn. This lever is in position to be acted upon by the picker s, when
the shuttle is properly received into the chamber of the series, and there is
connected to it one end of a wire G, which is supported by the back of
the batten, and at its other end is attached to the lever J, which turns upon
a centre J, and at its outer end has a point J, turned downwards, so as to be
capable of passing between the swell lever or tongue K and the back of
the shuttle box. When, as stated, the shuttle is properly landed in one of
the compartments of the rotary box, the picker forces back the lever F, and
by drawing the wire G, pulls the lever J with its point J in between the
swell lever or tongue K and the box, so that that lever will be in position, such
as it would-be if the shuttle had been passed into that box,, and the stop rod..
will be raised, as in an ordinary loom, out of the way of the frog. But in the
event of the shuttle not properly landing in its compartment of the rotary
shuttle box at the time when it should do so, the lever F will not be operated
on, and the lever J will its spring be raised out from between the swell lever
or tongue K and the back of the box, by which the lever of the stop rod will
be left to act upon the frog to stop the loom.
Having thus described the nature of my said improvements, and the means
which I adopt in carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that
I do not confine myself to the precise details herein shewn and described, as

page_text: variations may be made therein without departing from the peculiar character
of the separate parts of the Invention; but what I do claim is,-
First, the arranging and combining apparatus for operating the adjoining
selvage threads of breadths of fabric woven side by side, to be separated by
cutting, whereby such selvage threads may have a continuous twist given
to them in one direction, in manner substantially as explained in respect of
0
Drawings A.
Secondly, I claim the arranging and combining parts for operating rotatory
shuttle boxes, substantially as explained in respect of Drawings B.
Thirdly, I claim the so arranging and combining apparatus for operating
rotatory shuttle boxes, that such may be capable of moving a distance equal to
two compartments of the series, as explained in respect of Figures 1, 2, and 3
of Drawing C. Also I claim for operating rotatory shuttle boxes, as explained
in respect of Figures 4 and 5 of Drawing C.
Fourthly, I claim the mode of arranging and combining parts for taking
back the picker, as explained in respect of Drawing D.
Fifthly, I claim, for the arrangement and combination of parts for stopping
the loom when the shuttle does not properly land in its box, as explained in
respect of Figures 1, 2, and 3 of Drawings E. Also I claim, for the arrange-
ment and combination of parts for stopping the loom when the shuttle does
not properly land in the box, as explained in respect of Figures 4 and 5 of
Drawings E.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick William Mowbray, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
Witness,
SAMUEL WILSON.
FREDERICK WILLIAM MOWBRAY. (L.S.)