Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Aug., 1887
Complete Left, 29th May, 1888
Complete Accepted, 29th June, 1888
I, ARTHUR PAGET Mechanical Engineer of Radmoor Loughborough in the County
of Leicester do hereby declare the nature of this, invention to be as follows:-
コラ
The object of this invention is to make certain improvements in Warp Machines
sometimes known as :: Warp Knitting Machines using a thread or threads to each
needle, such improvements enabling the machines to produce more work of a superior
quality and at the same time lessening the cost of the machines.
The first part of my invention consists of the use of a series of hooks, one between
each needle, the hooks being attached to a hook-bar and in some cases each hook
sliding in a suitable groove, motions being imparted to the said hook-bar and so to
the hooks also such that the said hooks will engage with and pull the last formed
row of loops of the fabric made, and will also hold the said last formed row of loops
during the formation of the next following row of loops.
Such hook-bar can have the requisite motions given to it by a cam or cams for
working the aforesaid hook-bar. The "path" of the said cam or cams being so
curved as to impart (through suitable connecting links or rods) to the said hook-bar
the necessary reciprocating motions for putting and holding the last formed row of
loops of the fabric as required.
The second part of my invention consists of an arrangement and use of a subsidiary
bar arranged lengthwise in the machine, having a series of similar inclines formed
upon or attached to it. The said inclines engaging with suitable projections upon the
hook-bar.
The said subsidiary bar receiving longitudinal motions (from a cam or cams or
other suitable means) by which the necessary motions are imparted to the hooks
through the said subsidiary bar and inclines. The said inclines can either be what is
called "single-acting" so as to cause the motions of the hooks in one direction only,
the motions of the hooks in the contrary direction being caused by a spring or springs
and only controlled by the inclines, or the said inclines can be what is known as
"Double-acting" and can cause the notions of the hooks both forwards and backwards
either with or without the aid of springs.
The third part of my invention consists of an arrangement and use of a subsidiary
bar arranged lengthwise in the machine having a series of similar inclines formed
upon or attached to it, the said inclines engaging with suitable projections upon the
needle-bar, the said subsidiary bar receiving longitudinal motions (from a cam or
other suitable means) by which the necessary motions are imparted to the needles

page_text: 32
The said inclines can either be what is
through the said subsidiary bar & inclines.
called "single-acting so as to cause the motions of the needles in one direction
only, the motions of the needles in the contrary direction being caused by a spring
or springs and only controlled by the inclines. Or the said inclines can be what is
known as "double-acting" and "can cause the motions of the needles both forwards
and backwards.
The fourth part of my invention consists of a method (in combination with a
subsidiary bar or bars for working the hook-bar or needle-bar) of adjusting and
shaping the said "single-acting" or "double-acting" inclines so as to alter the amounts
and the times of the motions of the hooks and needles or either of them.
The fifth part of my invention consists of a method of using a laich (which checks
the motions of the thread-guide-bar) and locking the said latch by a cam acting upon
a suitable lever so that the said latch controls the movements of the thread-guide-bar
and will not allow it to move until the cam releases the said latch.
The sixth part of my invention consists of a method of actuating the roller or
rollers for the delivery of the threads from the beam bobbins or cones to the thread
guides by a cam working a suitable "silent" ratchet or toothed ratchet and suitable
ratchet wheel whereby the threads are suitably delivered to the needles.
The seventh part of my invention consists of a method of using a moveable presser-
bar notched or toothed to correspond with the pitch and number of needles with
either flat or concave tops to the notches or teeth. The presser-bar being caused to
move longitudinally by a cam or other suitable means so that as the needles advance
to receive the fresh loops the notches or recesses will be opposite the needles and thus
the needle "beards" are not pressed as the needles advance, and as the needles retire
with the fresh loops the presser-bar is shifted longitudinally a distance equal to half
the pitch of the needles so that the teeth or projecting portions of the presser-bar are
opposite the needles and the needle "beards are pressed by the flat or concave tops
of the teeth or projecting portions of the presser-bar and thus the needle "beards"
are pressed as desired.
"
The eighth part of my invention consists of a method of using a moveable presser-
bar actuated by a cam or other suitable means so as to reciprocate or oscilate to and
from the needle "beards" so that the needle "beards" are not pressed as they advance
to receive the next row of loops.
The nineth part of my invention consists of a method of using a needle-bar which
shall be capable of a reciprocatory or oscilatary movement to and from the face of
the presser-bar such needle-bar being so moved by a cam or cams or other suitable
means, as to bring the needle beards up to the presser-bar in order that they may be
pressed by it as the needles return, and shall be removed from the presser-bar as they
advance so that they shall not then be pressed.
The tenth part of my invention consists of a method of using thread-guide troughs
or channels made of thin steel or other plate of a pear shaped section at the front
end or orifice and gradually opening at the top edge to a species of Ụ shaped section
at their mid-length and a U shape widened at the top, at the back end or orifice, such
troughs or channels being suitably fixed to the thread-guide-bar.
The eleventh part of my invention consists of a method of producing all the
necessary motions in the machine (by cams or otherwise) from a short transverse
shaft arranged preferably at the end of the machine by which arrangement the cost
of the machine may be very considerably reduced, as the long driving shaft reaching
from end to end of the machine is dispensed with and a short shaft with cams with
simple direct thrust or pull or both is substituted and the number of cams required
may thus be reduced and a more perfect and reliable working of the machine
may be insured and a higher speed and consequent increased production may be
obtained.
D
1 1.
1

page_text: Improvements in Warp Machines, Sometimes Known as Warp
Knitting Machines.
1 ARTHUR PAGET Mechanical Engineer of Radmoor Loughborough in the County
of Leicester do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
-
23
The object of this invention is to make certain improvements in warp machines
sometimes known as warp knitting machines using a thread or threads to each
needle, such improvements enabling the machines to produce more work of a superior -
quality and at the same time lessening the cost of the machines.
The first part of my invention which I will describe consists of the use of a series
of hooks one between each needle, the hooks being attached to a hook-bar and in
some cases each hook sliding in a suitable groove, motions being imparted to the said
hook-bar and so to the hooks also such that the said hooks will engage with and pull.
the last formed row of loops of the fabric made and will also hold the said last forined
row of loops during the formation of the next following row of loops. Such hook-
bar can have the requisite motions given to it by a cam or cams for working the
aforesaid hook-bar. The path of the said cam or cams being so curved as to
impart (through suitable connecting links or rods) to the said hook-bar the necessary
reciprocating motions for pulling and holding the last formed row of loops of the
fabric as required.
22
Figs. 18 and 19 sheet 7 and Fig. 20 sheet 8 show the general arrangement of a
machine with my improvements, Fig. 18 is a front view with the guard L' (Figs. 19
and 20) removed. Fig. 19 is a plan and Fig. 20 a section through same. Land L'
Figs. 19 and 20 are guard plates to protect some of the working parts of the machine
from dust, wool-fluff" and injury.
22
Figs. 1. 1A. 1 B. 10. 1 D. 1 E. and 1F and Fig. 2 sheet 1 show the form of the
hooks above referred to. Fig. 1 being a side view partly in section through the hook-
bar and some parts adjacent thereto, and Fig. 2 a front elevation of parts of the
same. Figs. 1A. 1 B. 10. 1 D. 1 E. and 1F show the principal positions of the
needles and hooks during the formation of a row of loops in the fabric. A Fig. 1
shows one hook and at A Fig. 2 three hooks are shown. A' is the "hook-bar into
which the hooks A are fastened. This bar A' (with the hooks A) is free to move in
the directions of the arrows A2, A3. The hooks A may slide in suitable grooves cut
across the edge A of the knocking-over-bar A³. The hooks A are arranged in the
bar A correctly to gauge so that one hook works between every needle (C) and the
one next to it. The hook-bar A' with the hooks A may receive the necessary
reciprocating motions from a cam, or other suitable well known means, through suit-
able connecting rods or links or other well known equivalents in such a manner that
when the troughs E¹ have laid the threads under the needle-beards, as will be herein-
after described, and the needles have made a row of loops of the fabric (as shown

page_text: in Figs. 1A and 1. D) the hooks A then move in the direction of the arrow A2 and
then engage with and pull the said row of loops (as shown in Figs. 1 B and 1 E)
holding them firmly while the needles again rise (to the position shown in Figs. 1. 10
and 1) ready to take the next row of loops. The hooks then return in the
direction of the arrow A³ to the position shown in Figs. 1. 1C and 1 F. It will thus
be seen that when using the hooks A as described, it is unnecessary (except in certain
special classes of work such as "Clouds" and similar work) to use a weight, or drag
to pull the loops over the needle heads.
The second part of my invention which I will describe consists of an arrangement
and use of a subsidiary bar arranged lengthwise in the machine, having a series of
similar inclines formed upon or attached to it. The said inclines engaging with
suitable projections upon the hook-bar. The said subsidiary bar receiving longitudinal
motions (from a cam or cams or other suitable means) by which the necessary motions
are imparted to the hooks through the said subsidiary bar and inclines. The said
inclines can either be what is called "single-acting" so as to cause the motions of
the hooks in one direction only, the motions of the hooks in the contrary direction
being caused by a spring or springs and only controlled by the inclines, or the said
inclines can be what is known as "double-acting" and can cause the motions of the
hooks both forwards and backwards either with or withont the aid of springs.
BB Figs. 1 and 2 sheet 1 and Figs. 18 and 19 sheet 7 and Fig. 20 sheet 8 show a
subsidiary bar as above referred to, arranged lengthwise in the machine, the said
bar being free to move and having a reciprocating motion in the direction of the
arrows B B2 upon this bar B I arrange two or more inclines which may be either part
of the bar B or separate and bolted (or otherwise fastened) to it, one of such inclines
(in this case shown as part of the bar B) is shown at B3 Figs. 1 and 2. A suitable
projection or "bracket" from the hook-bar A is shown at B Figs. 1 and 2 and the
end B of the said projection or bracket B is free to slide in the incline B³. It will
thus be seen that when the subsidiary bar B is moved in the direction of the arrow B¹
the bar A with the hooks A will be moved in the direction of the arrow A2 and when
the bar B is moved in the direction of the arrow B the bar A' with the hooks A will
be moved in the direction of the arrow A³. Thus by imparting suitable reciprocating
motions to the bar B (by a cam or other suitable well known means) all the necessary
motions will be imparted to the hooks A for hooking, pulling and holding each row
of loops of the fabric consecutively as each row is made by the needles C.
It will be evident that any convenient number of the said inclines B³ may bo
arranged upon the bar B such number depending upon the width of the machine,
so as to distribute the pull or strain upon the hook-bar A¹ throughout its entire
length sufficiently equally.
The said inclines 13 may be what is called "single-acting" iz:-having but one
side or face B or B7 in which case a spring or springs must be used to keep the
end B of the projection B against the said inclined side or face B or B' and thus
the said springs will cause the motion of the hooks in one direction and the incline
will cause the motion of the hooks in the opposite direction. Or the said inclines
may be what is known as "double-acting" as shown in Fig. 2 in which case the
inclines cause the motions of the hooks in both directions either with or without the
aid of springs. The third part of my invention which I will describe consists of an
arrangement and use of a subsidiary bar arranged lengthwise in the machine having
a series of similar inclines formed upon or attached to it, the said inclines engaging
with suitable projections upon the needle-bar, the said subsidiary bar receiving longi-
tudinal motions (from a cain or other suitable means) by which the necessary motions
are imparted to the needles through the said subsidiary bar and inclines. The said
inclines can either be what is called "single-acting so as to cause the motions of
the needles in one direction only, the motions of the needles in the contrary direction
being caused by a spring or springs and only controlled by the inclines.
said inclines can be what is known as "double-acting" and can cause the motions
of the needles both forwards and backwards.
27
Or the
This arrangement is shown in Figs. 3. 4 and 4 A sheet 2, where Fig. 3 is a section

page_text: through the needle-bar and some paris adjacent thereto. Fig. 4 being a view of part
of same looking at it in the direction of the arrow X and Fig. 4A is a part plan of
Figs. 3 and 4 sheet 2 show a subsidiary bar as above referred to
arranged lengthwise in the machine, the said bar being free to move and to receive a
reciprocating motion in the direction of the arrows C²(³.
same.
+0
Upon this bar CI arrange two or more inclines which may be either part of the
har or separate and bolted (or otherwise fastened) to it, one of such inclines (in
this case shown as part of the bar C) is shown at CFigs. 3 and 4 sheet 2. A suit-
able projection (or bracket") from the needle bar is shown at C, the end C of
the said projection or "bracket" is free to slide in the incline C. It will thus be
seen that when the subsidiary bar C is moved in the direction of the arrow the
bar (with the needles C will be moved in the direction of the arrow C and
when the bar is moved in the direction of the arrow C³ the bar with the
needles C will be moved in the direction of the arrow C³. Thus by imparting a
suitable reciprocating notion of the bar C (by a cam or other suitable well known
means) all the necessary motions will be imparted to the needles C for forming the
loops in weaving the fabric.
It will be evident that any convenient number of the said inclines C may be
arranged upon the bar C such number depending upon the width of the machine so
as to distribute the pull or strain upon the needle-bar C throughout its entire length
sufficiently equally.
The said inclines C may be what is called "single-acting" viz-having but one
side or face (20 or C in which case a spring or springs must be used to keep the
end of the projection C against the said inclined side or face C or C and thus
the said spring will cause the motion of the needles in one direction, and the
incline will cause the motion of the needles in the opposite direction.
Or the said inclines may be what is known as "double-acting" as shown in Fig. 4
in which case the inclines cause the motions of the needles in both directions either
with or without the aid of springs.
The fourth part of my invention which I will describe consists of a method (in
combination with a subsidiary bar or bars for working the hook-bar or needle-bar) of
adjusting and shaping the said "single-acting" or "double-acting" inclines so as to
alter the amounts and the times of the motions of the hooks and needles or either
of them.
Figs. 5. 5 and 6 sheet 3 show the arrangement of an adjustable incline such as
above referred to. Fig. 5 is a plan and Fig. 5A is an end view and Fig. 6 a part
section. D is the subsidiary bar referred to in parts 2 and 3. D is the adjustable
"slotted"
incline above referred to. It will be seen that this incline D' has a
hole 22 at each end. The bar D has also slotted holes D³ D3 in it which cross the
slotted holes D² D². Bolts D and D8 pass through the pairs of slotted holes at each
end of the incline. It will thus be seen that the incline D' can be adjusted upon the
bar D so as to alter the angle of the said incline with the line of motion of the bar D
so that the amount of motion in the direction of the arrows D and D imparted to
the needle-bar or hook-bar through the projection or bracket D and the times of the
said motions may be regulated as desired.
It will be evident that the said adjustable incline may be either "single-acting" or
"double-acting" as hereinbefore described with reference to parts 2 and 3.
The fifth part of my invention which I will describe consists of a method of using
a latch (which checks the motions of the thread-guide-bar) and locking the said latch by
a cam acting upon a suitable lever so that the said latch controls the movements of the
thread-guide-bar and will not allow it to move until the cam releases the said latch.
Figs. 7. 8. 8A and SB and 9 sheet 4 and Figs. 18 and 19 sheet 7 show this
arrangement. Fig. 7 is a part section through the arrangement referred to and some
parts adjacent thereto. Fig. 8 is a part front view and Fig. 9 a part plan of same.
E is the thread-guide-bar referred to which carries the "troughs" or thread-guides E¹.
Upon the top of the bar E I cut a number of teeth E2 which correspond to the

page_text: 22
23
"pitch of the needles or the " gauge of the machine. Above this set of teeth
I arrange a latch E3. This latch has a number of teeth (say 10 or more) which
exactly correspond and fit into the first named teeth. The said latch is connected
to the main bar E of the machine by means of the bracket E and spring E in such a
manner that the latch is free to move in and out of contact with the teeth E² on the
bar E but is held firmly in other directions. E' is a lever working on the centre E³.
The end E of the lever 7 presses upon a rod E10 which presses upon the latch E³.
The end E of the lever E is acted upon by a suitable cam E12. Thus it will be
seen that when the cam E moves the lever E the latch E³ is pressed into the locking
teeth E² as shown in Figs. 8 and 84 and the thread-guide-bar E is thus forced into
and firmly locked in its right place with great exactitude. Then when the cam E¹²
releases the lever E the latch E is free to be lifted by the spring E' into the position
shown in Fig. 8B and the thread-guide-bar is then free to be moved into its new
position for laying the thread across the needles.
The sixth part of my invention which I will describe consists of a method of using
thread-guide-troughs or channels (made of thin steel or other plate) of a pear shaped
section at the front end or orifice and gradually opening at the top edge to a species
of U shaped section at their mid-length and a U shape widened at the top at the back
end or orifice such troughs or channels being suitably fixed to the thread-guide-bar.
Figs. 10 to 14 show an enlarged thread-guide-trough or channel such as above
referred to. Fig. 10 is an elevation Fig. 11 a plan and Figs. 12. 13. and 14 are
sections through the parts indicated. Fig. 1 sheet 1 and Figs. 7. 8 and 9 sheet 4 also
Figs. 18 and 19 sheet 7 and Fig. 20 sheet 8 show such a thread-guide-trough in
its position with reference to its adjacent parts. These troughs are soldered or
otherwise fixed to the thread-guide-bar and it will be clearly seen by all who are
conversant with warp knitting machinery that if the said thread-guide-bar is made to
traverse across the needles at suitable times and in a suitable manner by any
suitable means similar to those in use for the motions of ordinary warp thread-guide-
bars in ordinary warp knitting machines the threads will be suitably laid under the
heads of the needles as shown in Figs. 1. 1A. 1 B. 10. 1 D. 1 E and 1 F. One
arrangement which can be used for causing the said thread-guide-bar to traverse
across the needles at suitable times and in a suitable manner, is shown at Figs. 18
and 19 sheet 7. H2 is a spur wheel upon the main shaft F. This wheel gears into
the wheel upon the counter-shaft H' upon this counter-shaft H I fix a suitable
cam H which transmits all the necessary motions to the thread-guide-bar through the
connecting bracket H, thus causing the thread-guide-troughs to traverse to and fro
across the needles, and so to lay the threads under the heads of the needles as may be
required. The said cam H having moved the said thread-guide-troughs across
the needles the said latch E3 can be used to set them in their correct position between
the needles and locks them there until they are again moved by the cam I
as herein before described. It will be readily seen that any variously shaped cam or
cams can be used in place of the cam H to produce any of the required series of
movements of the thread-guide-bar.
The seventh part of my invention which I will describe consists of a method
of producing all the necessary motions in the machine (by cams or otherwise) from a
short transverse shaft arranged preferably at the end of the machine, by which
arrangement the cost of the machine may be very considerably reduced as the long
driving shaft reaching from end to end of the machine is dispensed with and a short
shaft with cams with simple direct thrust or pull or both is substituted and the
number of cams required may thus be reduced and a more perfect and reliable working
of the machine may be insured and a higher speed and consequent increased production
may be obtained.
Such an arrangement of transverse shaft is shown in Figs. 15 and 16 sheet 5 and
Fig. 17 sheet 6 also Figs. 18 and 19 sheet 7. Fig. 15 being an end view of part of the
driving end of a machine. Fig. 16 a plan and Fig. 17 a part front view of same F is
the transverse shaft referred to which is driven by the pulley F¹.

page_text: F is the needle-cam which imparts motion to the subsidiary bar and so to the
needles (see also Figs. 3 and 4 sheet 2).
F3 is the hook-cam which imparts motion to the subsidiary bar B and so to the
hooks A (see also Figs. 1 and 2 sheet 1). E is the locking cam which imparts
motion to the lever E and locks the latch E³ see Figs. 7. S. and 9 sheet 4.
His a spur wheel which works into the spur wheel H³ on the shaft H(Figs. 18
and 19) through which motion is transmitted to the thread-guide-troughs.
The needle-cam is shown in the drawing as a direct thrust cam in which case a
spring would be used to keep the bar Cup to the "path" of the cam. Thus it will
be seen that the cam (in this case) works against the said spring and so the spring
moves the bar and consequently the needles C in one direction and the cam moves
them in the opposite direction while the shape or form of the "path" of the cam
governs the entire motions of the neeilles.
::
In some cases it is desirable that a cam should be used similar to that shown at F3
for working the bar B which it will be seen is a
double-acting or "counter.iction "
or thrust" and pull cam in which case the cam will work the rod B in both
directions with or without the aid of springs.
::
It will be evident that a cam of this description can be used to control either the
hooks or the needles or both.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood that I
do not confine myself to the exact details herein set forth as such may be varied and
modified without departing from the principal thereof; but what. I claim as my
improvements in Warp machines sometimes known as Warp knitting machines
are:-
1st. The use of a series of hooks, one between each needle, the hooks being
attached to a hook-bar and in some cases cach hook sliding in a suitable groove,
motions being imparted to the said hook-bar and so to the hooks also, such that the said
hooks will engage with and pull the last formed row of loops of the fabric made
and will also hold the said last formed row of loops during the formation of the
next following row of loops. Such hook-bar can have the requisite motions given
to it by a can or cams for working the aforesaid hook-bar. The "path" of the said
cam or cams being so curved as to impart (through suitable connecting links or rods)
to the said hook-bar the necessary reciprocating motion for pulling and holding the
last formed row of loops of the fabric as required substantially as hereinbefore
described with reference to Figs. 1 to 1 F and 2 sheet 1..
2nd. The arrangement and use of a subsidiary bar arranged lengthwise in the
machine having a series of similar inclines formed upon or attached to it. The said
inclines engaging with suitable projections upon the hook-bar. The said subsidiary
bar receiving longitudinal motions (from a cam or cams or other suitable means) by
which the necessary motions are imparted to the hooks through the said subsidiary bar
and inclines. The said inclines can either be what is called "single-acting" so as to
cause the motions of the hooks in one direction only, the motions of the hooks in the
contrary direction being caused by a spring or springs and only controlled by the
inclines, or the said inclines can be what is known as "double-acting" and can cause
the motions of the hooks both forwards and backwards either with or without the aid
of springs substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2
sheet 1.
3rd. The arrangement and use of a subsidiary bar arranged lengthwise in the
machine having a series of similar inclines formed upon or attached to it, the said
inclines engaging with suitable projections upon the needle-bar the said subsidiary
bar receiving longitudinal motions (from a cam or other suitable means) by which
the necessary motions are imparted to the needles through the said subsidiary bar and
inclines. The said inclines can either be what is called "single-acting" so as to cause
the motions of the needles in one direction only, the motions of the needles in the
contrary direction being caused by a spring or springs and only controlled by

page_text: the incline. Or the said inclines can be what is known as "double-acting" and can
cause the motions of the needles both forwards and backwards substantially as
herein before described with reference to Figs. 3. 4 and 4 A sheet 2.
4th. The method (in combination with a subsidiary bar or bars for working
the hook-bar or needle-bar) of adjusting and shaping the said "single-acting" or
"double-acting" inclines so as to alter the amount and times of the motions of the
hooks and needles or either of them substantially as hereinbefore described with
reference to Figs. 5. 5 A and 6 sheet 3.
5th. The method of using a latch (which checks the motions of the thread-guide-
bar) and locking the said latch by a cam acting upon a suitable lever so that the said
latch controls the movements of the thread-guide-bar and will not allow it to move
until the cam releases the said latch substantially as hereinbefore described with
reference to Figs. 7. 8. 8 A. S B. and 9 sheet 4.
6th. The method of using thread-guide-troughs or channels (made of thin steel or
other plate) of a pear shaped section at the front end or orifice and gradually opening
at the top edge to a series of U shaped section at their mid length and a U shaped
widened at the top, at the back end or orifice, such troughs or channels being suitably
fixed to the thread-guide-bar substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to
Figs. 10 to 14 sheet 3.
7th. The method of producing all the necessary motions in the machine (by cams
or otherwise) from a short transverse shaft arranged preferably at the end of the
machine by which arrangement the cost of the machine may be very considerably
reduced as the long driving shaft reaching from end to end of the machine is
dispensed with and a short shaft with cams, with simple direct thrust or pull or both
is substituted and the number of cams required may thus be reduced and a more
perfect and reliable working of the machine may be insured and a higher speed and
consequent increased production may be obtained, substantially as hereinbefore
described with reference to Figs. 15 and 16 sheet and Fig. 17 sheet 6 and Figs. 18
and 19 sheet 7.
I have not described the parts numbered six, seven, eight and nine in my provisionai
specification as I do not desire to claim these as parts of my inyention.
"Datad 501.. CML
1009
ARTHUR PAGET.