COPYING OF WRITING AND DRAWINGS, AND IN APPARARUS THEREFOR."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Jensen at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 16th October 1879. A communication from
abroad by G. Adolf Hardt, of Cologne, Germany.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MULTIPLE
PETER JENSEN, of 33, Chancery Lane, London.
COPYING OF WRITING AND DRAWINGS, AND IN APPARARUS THEREFOR." A com-
munication from abroad by G. Adolf Hardt, of Cologne, Germany.
This Invention consists mainly in the use of a new or improved composition
intended for receiving dried solutions of various chemical combinations and
mixtures of various substances, by means of which the original writing, drawing,
or printing is executed, and subsequently giving then up to other materials or
acting chemically upon them.
The original may be done on paper, card board, india rubber, wood, porcelain, or
other flat surfaces, or on objects of any form and suitable material.
The copios are produced on flat or other surfaces of paper, wood, porcelain,
earthenware, woven goods, leather, or the like.
The sheets or other objects to receive the copies may before or after the copy
printing be chemically prepared, or be placed on the composition, or vice versa, in
an unprepared dry or damp state and after a certain time removed therefrom.
By placing the original on the composition a negative of the former is produced.
The form in which the composition is to be depends upon the form of the object
on to which the negative is to be transferred or acts upon.
For producing copies on sheets or flat surfaces, the composition is melted into
box shaped apparatus, or spread on paper, cardboard, india rubber, sheet iron,
tablets of wood, glass, slate, mica, or other material.
If the composition after cooling has not a smooth surface it may be evened by
passing it backwards and forwards directly against a flame, or by wetting it with
alcohol and lighting it.
If the negative is to be transferred to an object with uneven surface, a pattern
of the object is cast in the composition which then forms the matrix. The original,
executed on another or on the same pattern of the object, must then be placed in
the matrix, or the latter around the former, and after the lapse of some time be
removed.
The composition, which neither dries nor becomes mouldy, is made of Cologne
glue, refined sugar, calcined borax, chloride of natrium, distilled glycerine and water,
with or without the addition of carbonate or sulphate of strontian. For Cologne
glue may be partly or wholly substituted starch, gelatine, isinglass, vegetable glue,

page_text: soap, or albumen. For the refined sugar may partly or wholly be substituted
dextrine gum or traganth.
For the production of the original are used all aniline solutions, also solutions of
metallic salts, especially such as form insoluble deposits with other chemical
combinations, with which the material to be printed on or provided with copies
before or after placing it on the composition having the negative is prepared.
For the inks or solutions which have to exert chemical reaction are used :-
1. All in water, soluble salts of iron, lead, silver, copper, nickel, cobalt, chrome,
arsenic, manganese, bismuth, cadmium, antimony, zinc, and wran, with the addition
of gum arabic, dextrine, and a neutral colouring medium, such as finely divided
carbon.
2. For the preparation of the object on which the negative is to act is used
sulphide of natrium, sulphide of potassa, sulphide of calcium, and sulphide of
ammonium, also all in water soluble combinations of potassa, natrium, ammonium,
lithium, baryum, strontian, calcium, magnesium, aluminium, chrome, zinc, man-
ganese, nickel, cobalt, iron, wran, silver, lead, mercury, copper, bismuth, cadmium,
antimony, tin, and arsenic.
The copies produced may be fixed or a visible picture be produced by the
reaction by means of sulphuretted hydrogen, iodide of hydrogen, bromide of
hydrogen, iodine and bromine vapours, and by vapours of aniline oil, a solution of
aniline in benzole.
For the application of the composition in a thick layer is used a box shaped
apparatus. It consists of a sheet iron box closed by a cover, which with its rim fits
accurately over the box and has no hinges, but only a ring, and the box has also a
ring for taking hold of and separating the two.
Or it may be made double, both boxes alike, and filled with the composition; they
are placed over each other when not in use; for connecting them together are used
peculiar hinges. These consist of small tubes soldered to the sides of the box and
having a cranked hinged pin, which can be pushed there and back for connecting
or disconnecting the two boxes. The cranked parts prevent the pin from getting
out. The bottom of each box is stiffoned by band shaped ribs.
One of the boxes may be formed with a compartment for receiving the ink
bottle.