Year: 1888

page_text: GEORGE HENRY FELT, City, County and State of New York, U.S.A. and WILLARD
O. FELT of 55 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., both Engineers do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
These Lubricators are intended to be used with semi-solid lubricants, which are very
slightly affected by heat as to their solidity. They are operated by strong springs
pressing upon cup-shaped partially elastic pistons, which springs are compressed either
directly or by screw appliances acting against external projections through limited
spaces, the same screw appliances being removable to more advanced projecting points
when the pressure has become relaxed, and these screw appliances operate either
springs, or springs and screws combined, the degree of tension being shown by
the length of projecting spindle. There is an arrangement for feeding equal
quantities under greater or less pressure by means of a smaller or larger opening,
and there is a device for feeding the cup under the piston after the pressure has
been released, without removing the piston from the cup.
The apparatus consists of the usual receiving cup for the lubricant, on the out-
side of which, in the primary device, are projections at regular intervals encircling
it, which receptacle is closed at the top by a cup-shaped, partially elastic piston,
guided and operated by means of a central stem, round which a metal spiral
spring is coiled. The cap in the shape of an inverted cup, operates the spiral
spring when pressure is applied, and spaces left in this cap or cover pass over the
projections on the cup, and are secured by lateral movement and locked by the
action of the spring. There are a series of these lateral spaces at intervals, by
means of which the action can be repeated through limited spaces, as becomes
necessary.
On the same cup, in the second device, several series of encircling projections
at desired distances apart are used and the piston and piston rod as before,
with spiral spring, and cover with upright openings to allow the projections
to pass through but without the lateral cuttings, and on the bottom of the cover
an, internal screw thread, engages with a split-screw collar, prevented from rising

page_text: by one of these series of projections, and this large fine screw gives the necessary
force to compress the strong spiral spring through the limited distance required.
When this pressure becomes relaxed, the split screw collar is disengaged, and
placed beneath a lower series of projections and the operation repeated, and so on
until the piston has been forced to the bottom of the cup. By graduating the
distances of these projections a regular quantity can be delivered at the point to
be lubricated, the full cup requiring more pressure to deliver the same quantity
Over and around
at the base, than is necessary when the cup is nearly empty.
this cap, and covering these openings for the projections of the lower cup, a thin
metal cylinder is placed, thus preventing dust etc. from entering into the cup or
cap above the piston.
Or the same cup, in a third device, with projecting ring and cup shaped piston,
with a loose central stem, around which a metal spiral spring is coiled, and to
which a collar is attached which prevents this central stem from turning, although
its upward and downward movement is free, pressure is first produced by the split
When this split
screw collar engaging the internal screw of the cap or cover.
screw collar engaged with the cap or cover and revolving beneath the projections
or continuous collar, rotates a screw on the central stem by means of the square
collar attached to prevent turning, through the centre boss of the cup shaped
piston thereby increasing the pressure on the spiral spring until the requisite
tension is secured.
In a fourth device, to the same cup of plain exterior, an inner central spindle
is attached at the bottom, and up and down which the cup piston freely slides
through a hole in its centre. The lower part of this rod within the cup, is plain, but
above the cup, a screw thread is cut into its surface, on which a nut operates, forcing
down a metal spiral spring onto the top of the piston. This nut is operated through
the before described opening in the cover which admits of free upward and downward
movement, and so presses the spiral spring down onto the top of the cup piston, which
travels freely the length of the rod. The internal screw threads, at bottom of cover,
are not necessary in this device.
In all these devices the distance that the central stemi, appears above the upper cap
is an indication of the amount of pressure on the spiral spring and its downward travel
an index of the rapidity with which it is feeding the lubricant, and its disappearance
a method of showing that the pressure needs to be renewed through another limited
interval.
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page_text: Improvements in Lubricators.
We, GEORGE HENRY FELT of the City, County and State of New York, United
States of America and WILLARD OLIVER FELT of 55 Chancery Lane London W.C.,
Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This Invention relates to improvements in lubricators for supplying semi-solid
lubricating materials to bearings.
The object of the invention is to keep up as uniform a pressure as possible on the
lubricant, so as to maintain a regular supply to the part to be lubricated.
This object is attained by means of a cupped piston in combination with a spring
and adjusting screw. The cupped piston works in a metallic, or, preferably, glass,
cylinder or vessel and is of such a nature as readily to adapt itself to any inequalities
of internal diameter such as are almost inevitable whon glass is used, in which case the
ordinary packed piston is not available. The spring with adjusting screw ensures a
uniform, or nearly uniform, pressure on the lubricant irrespective of the quantity of
lubricant in the cylinder or vessel. The adjusting screw serves as a means of moving
the piston up and down in the cylinder, as required, and particularly as a means of
compressing, and holding compressed, the spring, when the vessel is filled with
lubricant, and of adjusting the piston and recompressing the spring as the lubricant is
consumed.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this specifi-
cation, wherein I have represented three examples of the improved lubricator.
Figures 1 and 2 represent vertical sections of a lubricator, the piston being in its two
extreme positions. Figure 3 shews an elevation of the piston and its appurtenances
removed from the cylinder. Figure 4 is an elevation (partly in section) of a similar
lubricator, in which a glass cylinder is used. Figure 5 is a vertical section of another
lubricator, in which the screw spindle is fixed in the vessel. The same letters of
reference indicate like parts in all the figures.
The cylinder A, shewn in figures 1, 2, and 5, is a cup-shaped vessel of metal closed
by a cap but instead of being entirely of metal the sides or cylindrical portion of the
vessel may be formed of a short length of glass tube A, as in figure 4, having its ends
ground and held between an internal flange a at the upper end of an open frame or
cage A¹ and the metallic bottom a¹ to which said cage is screwed, as at a². In any
case, this cylinder has an outlet a leading to the bearing to be lubricated.
B is the piston, formed of a cupped disc of leather or other suitable material, having
a relatively deep conically cupped portion b of gradually diminishing thickness towards
the edge, this edge by reason of the conical form of the cup alone bearing against the
sides of the vessel and being therefore free to adapt itself to the irregularities of
diameter of the vessel A which are liable to occur when the latter is made of glass, as
in figure 4.
The cupped disc may be made of leather or rubber, but in some cases (for example
when applied to the bearings of heated rolls) it would be preferable to make it of the
material known as "Woodite." It is clamped by a flange and ring to a central boss C,
which, in figures 1, 2, and 3, has an internal screw through which works a pressure
screw spindle D. The spindle rises through an aperture in the cover E of the vessel A

page_text: and is guided by a bridge piece F upon said cover and is pressed downwards by a
spiral spring G confined between the top of the bridge piece and a collar d fixed on the
spindle. The collar d and spindle D are free to slide up and down in the cover and
bridge piece and, in figures 1, 2 and 3, the collar is square externally and the
adjustment of the parts is effected by rotating the bridge piece and cover which is
connected to the vessel by a screw-coupling e permitting such motion of the cover
whilst maintaining a tight closure of the vessel. The spindle D may however be
rotated directly, as in figure 4, in which case it is provided with a hand wheel D' and the
collar d is circular and the spring and collar are wholly enclosed by the bridge piece F,
so as to exclude dust, the bridge piece being, in this case, in the form of a cylindrical
trunk on the cover E which screws directly on the cage A¹.
Figure 1 shews the vessel A full and the spring compressed. As the lubricant
becomes consumed the spring expands, forces down the piston and maintains the
pressure. As the piston descends the extent to which the upper end of the stem 1)
projects above the bridge piece diminishes and so gives notice of the necessity, of
recompressing the spring by readjusting the piston on the spindle. This readjustment
is effected by turning the spindle, as above mentioned, the piston being held stationary
by its friction against the sides of the cylinder whilst the spindle is rotated.
When a glass vessel is used, as in figure 4, the piston itself can be seen.
This
particular construction of lubricator, with glass cylinder, forms the subject of another
application for Letters Patent dated the 22nd day of December 1888 and numbered
18740.
In the lubricator shewn in figure 5, the spindle D is fixed in the bottom of the
vessel A, and is provided with an outlet passage for the lubricant. It is threaded at
its upper, instead of its lower, part to receive a nut d' screwing thereon and serving
as an abutment for the spring G confined between it and the piston which, in this case,
slides freely upon the plain part of the spindle D. The adjustment of the nut is
effected by turning the bridge piece, as in figures 1, 2, and 3.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said. inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In a lubricator for supplying semi-solid lubricating material by the pressure of a
piston upon the material in a cylinder, the employment of a piston constructed of a
conically cupped disc of flexible and semi-elastic material the edges only of which, by
reason of the conical form, bear against the sides of the cylinder, as and for the purpose
specified.
2. In a lubricator of the kind described, the combination, with a conically
cupped flexible and semi-elastic piston working in a cylinder, of a spring applied
to act on the piston for the purpose of applying pressure upon the lubricant, as
specified.
3. In a lubricator of the kind described, the combination with a conically cupped
flexible and semi-elastic piston working in a cylinder, of a pressure spring and an
adjusting screw spindle acting in conjunction therewith for applying and maintaining
an approximately constant pressure upon the lubricant, as specified.
4. The respective combinations and arrangements of conically-cupped piston;
adjusting screw, spring, and their adjuncts, as herein described and illustrated.
Dadd th
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