IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS AND FABRICS
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Albert Gatty, of Accrington, in the
County of Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemist, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS AND
FABRICS."
Sealed the 2nd August 1858, and dated the 9th June 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Albert Gatty
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th June 1858.
I, FREDERICK ALBERT GATTY, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster,
Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DYING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS AND
FABRICS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in applying for dyeing purposes the coloring matter
contained in the soap waters or clearing liquors of dyers and printers, but
principally those of Turkey red dyers, in which cotton or other fibrous
materials, or fabrics previously dyed with madder, garancine, or other pre-
paration of madder have been washed, cleared, or brightened. To render this

page_text: coloring matter available for dyeing purposes I treat the said soap or clearing
liquors in the following manner, after the dyed materials are removed from
the soap or clearing bath I precipitate the coloring matter along with the
futty matters by adding an acid and then separate the precipitate by filtering
or otherwise the precipitate is then mixed with ammonia or any other suitable
alkali, in this state it is ready for dyeing mordanted cottons similar to those
generally dyed with madder itself. Instead of precipitating the soap or clearing
liquors with an acid they may be precipitated with a solution of an earthy or
metallic salt, but in this case before mixing the precipitate with the alkali it
is necessary to treat it with an acid in order to remove the base.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederick Albert Gatty in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 8th December 1858..
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
ALBERT GATTY, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturing
Chemist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Frederick Albert Gatty, Her special licence that J, the said Frederick
Albert Gatty, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Frederick Albert Gatty, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DYING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS AND
FABRICS," upon the condition (amongst, others) that I,. the said Frederick
Albert Gatty, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my or their or one of their hands, and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner. the samo
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent..

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick Albert Gatty, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say) :-
My Invention consists in applying for dying purposes the coloring matter
contained in the soap waters or clearing liquors of dyers and printers (but
principally those of Turkey red dyers) in which cotton or other fibrous
materials or fabrics previously dyed with madder, garancine, or other pre-
paration of madder have been washed, cleared, or brightened.
And in order that my Invention may be well understood I will proceed to
describe the manner of performing the same.
After the dyed materials are removed from the soap or clearing bath I
precipitate the coloring matter along with the fatty matter by adding an acid
in such proportions as to render the liquid slightly acid. I prefer to use
sulphuric acid as being the most economical, but any other acid would answer
the same purpose, I then separate the liquid from the precipitate by filtering
or otherwise, when all the liquid is drained off the precipitate is removed from
the filter and mixed with ammonia or any other suitable alkali, in such pro-
portions as to render the whole soluble in water, without however containing
an excess of the alkali; the quantity necessary depends upon the quantity of
fatty matter contained in the soap water or clearing liquor. In this state
the coloring matter is ready for dying mordanted cottons or other fibrous
materials and fabrics in the same way as when garancine or other dye
materials are used, as is well understood by dyers and printers. Instead of
precipitating the said soap water or clearing liquors with an acid as described
above, they may be precipitated with a solution of an earthy or metallic salt,
but in this case it is necessary to treat the precipitate in the manner described
in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me on the Thirty-first day of
March One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
I wish to remark that when the coloring matter thus recovered froni soap
waters or clearing liquors is used for dying purposes, it is necessary to employ
about one-half of the quantity of ammonia or other alkali stated in the
Specification above referred to.
Having now described the nature of my Invention and the manner of
performing the same, I would bave it understood that I do not limit myself
to the processes above described for rendering the coloring matter extracted
from soap waters and clearing liquors available for dying purposes; but what
I do claim as my Invention is applying for dying purposes the coloring matter

page_text: extracted from soap waters or clearing liquors in which cotton or other fibrous
materials or fabrics previously dyed with madder or preparations of madder
have been washed, cleared, or brightened.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Albert Gatty, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Seventh day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Witness,
H. B. BARLOW,
Manchester.
F. A. GATTY. (L.S.)