Improvements in Wax-thread Sewing Machines.
Year: 1890

page_text: The decision of the Comptroller-General, of the 3rd day of June 1891, allowed,
under Section 18 of the Patents, &c. Act, 1883, an Amendment of this
Specification.
Date of Application, 11th July, 1890-Accepted, 6th Sept., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED).
Improvements in Wax-thread Sewing Machines.
I, CHARLES HENRY RICHARDS 3 Portland Road Colchester in the County of Essex
Boot Maker do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention relates to and consists in, an improved combination, or to improved
combinations, for sewing with an awl, book and cast off, upon the principle of the
Whittemore. Wax Thread Sewing Machine.
The awl and hook machine is of a well known construction, the awl bar being
fitted in suitable bearings, in a cap fitted on the arm of machine, and given an up and
down motion by means of a disc and link and sleeve, the sleeve being fitted on the
awl bar by means of a pin or screw in a cavity, and the disc being fitted on a shaft
within the arm of machine, which is the first motion shaft.
The hook bar is fitted in suitable bearings in a standard, with a dome shaped throat
plate.
The cast off bar is fitted in the standard in a similar way.
The standard is fixed on base of machine. The hook bar and cast off bar, are given
an up
and down motion by means of an excentric, fitted on the first motion shaft
outside the arm close to a boss and connected by means of an excentric strap and rod
to a two-armed rocking shaft.
One end of the eccentric rod is fitted to the rear arm of the rocking shaft by means of
an adjustable pin and nut:-the other arm of the same shaft is fitted to a small link
by means of a pin, the other end of the link being fitted to a block by a pin, or other
means.
The block is fitted on the hook bar and cast off bar in standard, with two other
regulating blocks, for giving the up and down motion.
The two-arm rocking shaft is fitted by means of suitable centres to the standard
and to a projection on the base of machine near the lower end of excentric rod.
The mechanism for giving the to and fro feed motion, consists of a cam, fitted on
the first motion shaft, inside the arm of machine, which actuates two rods or levers
connected to the arm of machine by suitable means in bearings, one bearing at the
lower part of the arm-the other bearing near the top of arm.
The two rods or levers are slotted and connected by means of a pin in a block and
a thumb nut, the slots and the pin and block being for the purpose of increasing or
decreasing the to and fro feed motion.
The end of one rod or lover is connected by means of a pin to the end of a link, the
other end of which is connected by means of a pin to a third rod or lever, which rod
or lever is fitted to a one-arm rocking shaft.
This rocking shaft is fitted by means of suitable centre bearings, to the standard and
base of machine.
The arm of the one-arm rocking shaft, is fitted with a pin covered with a split bush,
and fitted into a cavity in a slide block in the standard, through which block the hook
and cast off bars are fitted into a rocking block.

page_text: The first motion X illustrated, is the one in the hollow arm for working the needle
bar. There are two bearings in the hollow arm of machine for the first motion
shaft X.
One part of the shaft X projects through the bearings C, at the rear of the hollow
arm for the usual flat band or grooved driving pulley and fly-wheel, which are made
fast with set screws.
There is a combination cam and disc E on the needle end of shaft, in which there is
a shouldered screw jointed to a link Z at one end. The other end of which link is
jointed to a sleeve F by means of a pin to the awl bar G, which slides in bearings in
the cap.
H is the presser bar to which the guarded foot Z' is attached by means of a pin or
screw at the lower end. The guard on foot is for preventing the awl from marking
the upper leather.
The presser bar H is arranged to slide in bearings in cap the same as the
awl bar.
The presser bar H is lifted by means of a lever, having its fulcrum on a shouldered
screw in the framing.
One end of the lever is arranged to come under a pin or part, screwed to presser-
bar H.
The other end is arranged to come under a lifter having its fulcrum on a shouldered
screw secured to the framing and hold the presser-bar H up when required against
the pressure of a flat knee-shaped spring, one end of which is jointed to a screwed
pin coming through the framing into a thumb nut, regulating its pressure upon
the bar H. In the combination disc and cam part E a cam grove J is formed
to fit a roll K, on the short arm of the lever L, having its fulcrum on a shouldered
screw M in the framing.
The long arm of the. Jever L has a small hole at its end to prevent the thread
getting out.

page_text: This lever L acts to take up the loose thread which comes from a spool and
round an adjustable tension wheel N and passes through the hole in the lever L
to a thread thrower which is attached by suitable means to a sleeve cam R in
bearings in the lower end of cap.
The sleeve cam R is grooved and fitted to a pin and roll S which is secured in
the lower part of the awl-bar G, and receives a circular forward and backward.
motion, by the up and down motion of the awl-bar G.
The awl is let in the awl-bar G, and secured by means of a small screw.
The hook bar T is fitted in a sliding block U and in a rocking block V at the
lower end of standard A and receives its up and down motion by means of an
excentric W which is fitted on the first motion shaft X outside the boss and
bearings at the rear of machine. The excentric rod Y is attached to a two-arm
rocking shaft Z, having its action upon centres, one centre. C¹ at the back part of
standard A and the other centre in a projection at the rear part of base at its
rear end, one end of the excentric strap Y being secured in an adjustable slot in
the rear arm of the rocking shaft Z by means of a pin and nut d and the other
arm of the rocking shaft secured by means af a shouldered screw, to a small link
attached to a block F", which is fitted on the hook bar T by means of a shouldered
screw.
The cast off bar G₁ is fitted into the sliding-block U and into the rocking-block V
the same way as the hook bar T, but has two blocks H¹ and fitted to it-
H¹ being the upper block and being the lower block, these blocks being adjustable
by means of screws.
The cast off L' is secured on the upper part of cast-off bar G¹ by means of two
screws J and K¹. The lower screw J¹ being for the purpose of securing the cast
off in its place, and the second screw K¹ being for the purpose of springing the
cast off L' forward to cover the barb of hook.
It will thus be clearly seen that by the action of the excentric W upon the
two-armed rocking-shaft Z, it causes the up and down motion of the hook bar T,
and the east off L' by means of the adjustable blocks H¹ and ¹.
When the hook bar T is at its highest point the upward movement of the awl
bar G, throws the sleeve cam R forwards by means of the pin and roll, thus
throwing the thread round the hook, which thread is drawn down through the
leather, and kept on the hook by the cast off L', thus causing a loop through
which the hook again passes, by the upward motion of the hook-bar T, thus
forming the stitch.
The cam N for giving the to and fro feed motion is fixed inside the arm of
machine on the first motion shaft X and actuates the lever P¹ by means of a pin
and roll fitted on the lever, the lever P' being fitted to a projection on the lower
part of frame-work by a pin.
This lever P is connected to the grooved lever R¹ which is attached to a projection
on the framework near the top by means of a pin the slotted lever P¹ being connected
to the slotted lever R' by means of a pin and block which is secured by a thumb
nut S¹.
Attached to the end of the lever R' is a link T the other end of the link being
attached to a lever U'. The lever U₁ is secured by a set screw to a one-arm rocking
shaft V. The one-arm rocking shaft V₁ has its bearings upon centres, one centre WI
being in the front part of the standard A, the other centre y¹ being in the rear part of
framework, Fig. 1.
Fitted to the end of the arm of the one-armed rocking-shaft V₁ is a pin and roll
covered with a split bush, which is fitted into a grove in the horizontally sliding
block U which makes the feed connections complete.
The dome shaped throat plate y' which is secured by two ears on the standard A,
has on the top an adjustable guide Z. The pin of the guide is fitted into a small
plate at one end, the pin passing through the plate at one end and through a small
steel washer and being rivetted below but allowing sufficient movement for the channel
of the boot to twist it when required by the working of the boot, as in stitching in

page_text: the waist or round the fore-part or any curve of the boot. The plate on which the
guide Z¹ is fitted has a slot in it, so as to be adjustable, and is connected to dome-shaped
throat plate y' by a counter sunk head screw.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In fair stitching wax thread sewing machines, the combination of a sleeve cam R
giving motion to a thread thrower P and connected by the bar G.
2. 1. The combination of a guard Z on the lower end of presser foot to prevent the
awl and hook from damaging the leather or any other material.
32. The combination of the dome shaped thread plate with its moveable and adjust-
able guide Z¹ as herein before described and illustrated by the drawings.
Dated this Tenth day of July 1890.
CHARLES HENRY RICHARDS,
8, Portland Road, Colchester, Essex.