IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF A PART OR PARTS OF RAILWAY WHEELS
Year: 1848

page_text: TO ALL. TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, CHARLES
GREEN, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, and
JAMES NEWMAN, of Birmingham, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Fifteenth day of
April, One thousand eight hundred and forty-eight, in the eleventh of
year
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said Charles Green and James Newman, our exors, admors, and
assigns, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that
we, the said Charles Green and James. Newman, our exors, admors, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said Charles Green and James Newman,
our exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, our Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF A PART OR PARTS OF RAILWAY WHEELS;" in
which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that we, the said Charles
Green and James Newman, should cause a particular description of the
nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand
and seal of one of us, to be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in
part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto
had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that; in compliance with the said proviso, we, the
said Charles Green and James Newman, do hereby declare that the nature
of our Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed,
are fully described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures
and letters marked thereon, that is to say:-
Our Invention consists of improvements in the forming, combining, and
affixing tires of railway wheels; and in order that our Invention may be most
fully understood and readily carried into effect, we will proceed to describe
the means pursued by us.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figures 1 and 2 shew two sections of tire bar suitable for the construction
of tires for railway wheels according to our Invention. Figures 3 and 4 shew
two plans of a ring or hoop formed of the section of bar, Figure 1; and
Figure 5 shews a section of such ring or.hoop.. In each. of these sections of
tire bar a constitutes the portion of the surface of the tire which runs upon
the rails. 6 is a lip or flange which receives the felloe of the wheel, and it is
by means of the felloe of the wheel being shut in between the lip or flange b
and the part c that the felloe of the wheel is securely held, and the parts fixed
together, as will be hereafter more fully understood.
"
Figures 6 and 7 shew two views of the interior parts of a railway, wheel;
and we would remark, that although we have shewn such construction, we do
not confine ourselves thereto, as other constructions of spokes, felloe, and nave
may be resorted to. The one shewn consists of a cast-iron nave and bent flat
bars of wrought iron to form the spokes. and.. felloe, and such construction is
like what has heretofore been employed in the manufacture of railway.
wheels.'
Figure 8 shews the plan of a die for receiving the tire and the interior of
the wheel; and Figure 9. shews a section of such die, with the parts of, the
wheel therein ready to be subjected to the action of the upper die.. Figure 10
(shewn in section above), which causes the part c to be bended into the form
represented at Figure 11, where an external view and a section of the wheel
will be seen, shewing the effect produced upon, the part c of the tire at this
stage of the manufacture.
.. 'T
Figure 12 shews a section of an upper and an under die for performing the
next process (the wheel being..shewn in section in the under. die), .the lower
die corresponding with that at Figure 9; but a different construction of upper
die is now used, as shewn by Figure 12. By these dies the tire of the
wheel will be brought to the form indicated by Figure 18, where a side view

page_text: and section of the wheel are shewn. Figures 14 and 15 shew plans of the
dies which are shewn in section at Figure-12.
The wheel is next subjected to the action of another form of 'upper die,
shewn in section at Figure 16, and a plan at Figure 17, the lower die cor-
responding with that used in the previous processes, as indicated in section
by Figure 18 and plan in Figure 19. By these dies the wheel will be
brought into the form shewn at Figures 20 and,121,. portions of the part c
being bended in between the spokes, by which the tire will be more
securely held from turning or moving on the felloc. In case other "ar-
rangements or constructions of spokes and felloes be used than that shewn,
the upper die, Figures 16 and 17, will require to be varied accordingly; and
if the felloe and spokes.be of such. a construction as not to offer sufficient
irregularity of figure for retaining the felloe secure from turning or moving
in the tire when the same is pressed, forced, or shut down on it, in such
cases we recommend that the sides of the felloe should be formed with
notches or indents, into which the part c of the tire will be driven when
pressed between the dies. The tire, before receiving the inner parts of the
wheel, and before being put into the under die, is to be heated till the part c
is sufficiently hot to bend readily, and then the part c is successively, while
in the heated state, to be bended by the upper dies, as above explained, by
which mode of constructing and fixing tires of railway wheels the same will be
more secure than by the means heretofore resorted to. We would state, that
the upper dies may be worked in any convenient manner, but we prefer that
they should either be raised and dropped by suitable machinery, so as to act
in like manner as they would in ordinary cases of stamping, or that they
should be raised and depressed by steam in like manner to what steam
hammers are now worked, and as is well understood. And although we
prefer to use upper dies for the purpose of bending down the part c of the
tire, so that the felloe of a wheel may be shut between such part c and the
part 6 of the tire, yet we do not confine ourselves thereto, as the part c may
be hammered down by workmen or by hammers worked by machinery.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, we would have it understood that we do
not confine ourselves to the details as shewn and described, so long as the
peculiar character of our Invention be retained. But what we claim is, the mode
of forming, combining, and fixing the tires of railway wheels herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Green, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-eight.
CHARLES (L.S.) GREEN.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fourteenth day of October,
in the year of our Lord 1848, the aforesaid Charles Green came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Fourteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-eight.