A METHOD OF PRODUCING A YELLOW COLOUR FOR PAINTING IN OYL OR WATER, MAKING WHITE LEAD, AND OF SEPARATING THE MINERAL ALKALI FROM COMMON SALT, ALL TO BE PERFORMED IN ONE SINGLE PROCESS, WHICH WOULD BE OF GREAT PUBLICK UTILITY
Year: 1781

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
TURNER, of the City of Westminster, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS I, the said James Turner, did, by my Petition, humbly
represent to His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Third,
that I had, after much application and many tryals, attended with expence,
invented and brought to perfection. "A METHOD OF PRODUCING A YELLOW COLOUR
FOR PAINTING IN OYL OR WATER, MAKING WHITE LEAD, AND OF SEPARATING THE
MINERAL ALKALI FROM COMMON SALT, ALL TO BE PERFORMED IN ONE SINGLE PROCESS,
WHICH WOULD BE OF GREAT PUBLICK UTILITY;" and that in regard I was the
first and true Inventer thereof, and that the same had not been used by
any other person or persons, to the best of my knowledge and belief, I
therefore most humbly prayed His said Majesty that He would be graciously
pleased to grant unto me, my executors, administrators, and assigns, His
Royal Letters Patent, for the sole use and benefit of my said Invention,
within that part of His said Majesty's Kingdom of Great Britain called Eng-
land, His Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, for the
term of fourteen years, according to the Statute in that case made and pro-
vided; His said Majesty, being willing to give encouragement to all arts and
inventions which might be for the publick good, was graciously pleased to
condescend to my request, and therefore, by His Royal Letters Patent, under
His Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-
sixth day of February, in the twenty-first year of His reign, of His especial
grace, certain knowledge, and mere motion, for Himself, His heirs and suc-
cessors, did give and grant unto me, the said James Turner, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege

page_text: and authority, that I, the said James Turner, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, and every of them, by myself and themselves, or by mine or
their deputy or deputies, servants or agents, or such others as I, the said
James Turner, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend my said Invention within that part of His said
Majesty's Kingdom of Great Britain called England, His Dominion of Wales,
and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in such manner as to me, the said James
Turner, my exccutors, administrators, and assigns, or any of us, should in our dis-
cretions seem meet; and that I, the said James Turner, my executors, admors,
and assigns, should and lawfully might have and enjoy the whole profit,
benefit, commodity, and advantage from time to time coming, growing,
accrewing, and arising, by reason of the said Invention, for and during the
term of years therein mentioned ;..to have, hold, exercise and enjoy the said
licence, powers, priviledges, and advantages therein-before, granted or men-
tioned to be granted unto me, the said James Turner, my 'executors, 'admi-
nistrators, and assigns, for, and during and unto the full end and. termof
fourteen years from the date of the said Letters Patent next and imme-
diately ensuing, and fully to be complete and ended according to the Statute
in such case made and provided; in which said Letters Patent is contained
a proviso that if I, .the said James Turner, should not particularly describe
and ascertain the. nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and 'seal, and
cause the same: to be inrolled in His said Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within four calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent, that then the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advan-
tages whatsoever thereby granted, should utterly cease; determine, and become
void, anything therein-before contained to the contrary thereof in anywise
notwithstanding, as in and by the said in part recited Letters Patent (relation
being thereunto had) may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Turner, in compliance with the
said proviso, do hereby describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention;
and declare that the same is to be performed in manner following (that is
to say):-
...
Take any quantity of lead and calcine it, or minium, or red lead, or litharge,
lead, ash, or any calx, or préparation of lead fit for the purpose. To any given
quantity of the above-mentioned materials add half the weight of sea salt;
with a sufficient quantity of water to dissolve it, or rock salt, or sal gem, or

page_text: fossile salt, or any marine salt or salt water proper for the purpose; mix them
together by trituration 'till the lead becomes impalpable or sufficiently com-
minuted. When the materials have been ground, let them stand for twenty-
four hours, in which time the lead will be changed to a good white, and the
salt decompounded; if not, the trituration must be repeated, with the further
addition of salt, till the white colour be obtained. The decomposition of the
salt may also be brought about by digestion or by calcination. The materials
may be suffered to remain together before the alkali be separated by the
addition of water for a longer time than is specified above, according to the
discretion of the operator and the end he wishes to obtain. The yellow
colour is produced by calcining the lead after the alkali has been separated
from it, till it shall acquire the colour wanted; this will be of different tints,
according to the continuance of the calcination, or the degree of heat em-
ployed. The white lead must be finished by repeated ablutions, and by
bleaching it 'till the white be made perfect.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Turner, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Twenty-second day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand seven hundred and eighty-one, and in the twenty-
first year of the reign of our said Sovereign Lord George the Third,
by the grace of God of Great Britain, France, and Ireland King,
Defender of the Faith, and so forth.