Improvements in High Speed Engines.
Year: 1896

page_text: IONAL SPECIFIC TION.
Improvements in High Speed Engines.
We, WILLIAM HENRY TEAL, of 4 Shears Cottages, Queens Road, Thames Ditton,
Engineer, and GEORGE WILLIAM MATTHEWS, of "Dalkeith," Church Walk, Thames
Ditton, Engineer, both in the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention has reference to an improved arrangement and combination of
parts forming a high speed engine, the object being to produce an engine which
can be readily manufactured and have few working parts all of which can be
readily examined and renewed.
In carrying our invention into effect we construct our engine in the form of a
tandem vertical cylinder motor having one cylinder connected to a bed plate or
framework extension and having the other cylinder carried vertically above it so
as to make a steeple arrangement of engine with a crank shaft placed below in the
framework or bed of the engine of the type now generally employed for high speed
work. We arrange our cylinders with two pistons in each, one piston moving
outwards while the other moves inwards, so as to give a thrust upon one connecting
rod from one piston or one pair of pistons, and a pull on the other pair of con-
necting rods, thus equalizing the strains set up in working the engine.
We make the two pistons in each cylinder to be connected to the other like
moving pistons in the companion cylinder so that as the upper cylinder piston
moves downwards it carries downwards with it the connected pistons and the trunk
piston placed at the lower end of the bottom cylinder. We arrange the rods
passing from one piston to the other as connecting rods, and which also serve as
guide rods having stuffing boxes thereon for the opposite working piston to move
upon. We arrange connecting rods on the lower open ended piston and we couple
the same up to a crank shaft in any ordinary manner, and we attach the central
or main piston rod to the crank shaft by a connecting rod in a manner well known
for such engines.
We take the steam between the upper pair of pistons through a valve preferably
of the cylindrical type and we cause the two pistons to be forced apart one going
upwards while the other travels downwards each carrying with it the other piston
connected to it by the rods, so that we have two inward working pistons and two
outwards working pistons. Between the trunk piston and the large piston of the
low pressure cylinder we also admit steam which has expanded from the cylinder
of the high pressure side so that while the high pressure steam works to force
apart the two upper pistons, the low pressure serves to force apart the intermediate
ones. We arrange our valve to be worked from the crank shaft by eccentrics or
rods in any well known manner, or we provide a special form of cylindrical valve
having a cut-off arrangement within it worked from an independent eccentric,
the exhaust branch being formed at the lower end of the valve chamber while the
steam inlet is taken at the upper end of the same.

page_text: We may arrange a cover upon our high pressure cylinder, and may use the space
for air compressing resistance when so desired.
We sometimes use the upper piston and cylinder as a vacuum chamber and
form a vacuum between the two upper pistons on the open stroke. We also utilize
the cylinder space between the high and low pressure cylinders as a receiver for
the steam.
We do not limit the application of our invention to any particular form of bed,
any particular form of framework or casing, or to any special type of cylinder,
piston or connections, but we modify the arrangement of the pistons with the
valves for controlling the steam inlet and exhaust to suit the size and type of
engine which is to be produced, and we may couple our engines together or make
them multiple expansion when producing a plant where great power is required.
Dated this 9th day of October 1896.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents...
Speed Engines.
We, WILLIAM HENRY TEAL, of 4 Shears Cottages, Queens Road, Thames Ditton,
in the County of Surrey, Engineer, and GEORGE WILLIAM MATTHEWS, of 14 Essex
Street, Newbold Road, Rugby, in the County of Warwick, Engineer, (formerly of
"Dalkeith," Church Walk, Thames Ditton aforesaid) do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our invention has reference to an improved arrangement and combination of
parts forming a high speed engine, the object being to produce an engine which
can be readily manufactured and have few working parts all of which can be
readily examined and renewed.
In the accompanying drawings;-
Figure 1 illustrates one design in which the invention is carried into effect,
while,
Figure 2 is a modification; both figures being in vertical sectional elevation.
In carrying our invention into effect as illustrated in figure 1, we construct our
engine in the form of a tandem vertical cylinder motor having one cylinder A
connected to a bed plate B or framework extension and having the other cylinder C
carried vertically above it so as to make a steeple arrangement of engine with a
crank shaft D placed below in the framework or bed of the engine, of the type
now generally employed for high speed work. We arrange our cylinders C and A
with two pistons E F, E F' respectively in each, one piston For F moving out-
wards while the other E E' moves inwards, so as to give a thrust to tlie pair of
connecting rods G G from one piston or one pair of pistons, and a pull on the other
connecting rod H, thus equalising the strains set up in working the engine.
We make the two pistons E in each cylinder to he connected to the other
corresponding moving pistons E F in the companion cylinder so that as the upper
cylinder piston F moves downwards it carries downwards with it the connected
piston F. We arrange the rods passing from one piston F to the other as con-
necting rods II, and which also serve as guide rods having stuffing.boxes thereon
for the oppositely working piston to move upon. We arrange connecting
rods G G on the lower open ended piston and we couple the same up to the
crank shaft D in any ordinary manner, and we attach the central or main piston
.

page_text: rod J to the crank shaft 1 by a connecting rod H in a manner well known for, such
engines.
We take the steam between the upper pair of pistons E, F through a valve. K
preferably of the cylindrical type and port Q and we cause the two pistons E F
to be forced apart one going upwards while the other travels downwards, cach
carrying with it the other piston connected to it by the rods, so that we have two
inwardly working pistons and two outwardly working pistons. Between the
lower pair of cylinders E F we also admit steam which has expanded from the
cylinder of the high pressure side so. that while the high pressure steam works to
force apart the two upper pistons, the low pressure serves to force apart the inter-
mediate 'ones. We utilise the upper part A of the cylinder A as a receiver into
which the steam after utilisation in the cylinder C is led through port M.
We arrange our valve K to be worked from the crank shaft D by an eccentric L
or otherwise in any well known manner, the exhaust branch N being formed at
the lower end of the valve chamber O while the steam inlet N is taken at the upper
end of the same.
We may provide any form of cylindrical valve having a cut-off arrangement
within it worked from an independent eccentric.
We sometimes use an upper piston and cylinder as a vacuum chamber for over-
coming the inertia of parts at the extremity of the stroke.
We may arrange an air cushion piston E at the upper extremity of the piston
rod J, which piston works within a superposed cylinder C, so that "knocking
may be obviated and the parts may be maintained in compression and so wear of
bearings may be reduced to a minimum and the running maintained smooth and
uniformi.
Figure 2 illustrates a modified arrangement in which a trunk piston E' is
employed and the intermediate receiver is formed as an annular space A¹ with which
communicates relief ports P through which the high pressure steam after expansion
in the cylinder C may pass as well through the port Q. Communication is made
from the annular space A' with the cylinder A through ports S, while vacuum
behind the larger end of the piston E is destroyed by the passage T communicating
with the exhaust.
To obviate the creation of such a vacuum and to maintain the receiver of a
suitable area, we preferably arrange the upper pistons in each cylinder connected
as a trunk piston about whose connecting stem an annular piston slides in con-
nection with the lower piston in the lower cylinder. In such a case one cylinder
of uniform diameter may be provided for all pistons and the receiver may be formed
in the annular space between the lower surface of the lower high pressure piston
and the upper surface of the upper low pressure piston.
We do not limit our invention to any particular arrangement of controlling
valves, nor to any special type of cylinder piston or connections, but we modify
the arrangement of pistons with valves for controlling the steam inlet and exhaust
to suit the size and type of engine which is to be produced, and we may couple
engines together or arrange for multiple expansion when producing a plant where
great power is required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:
1. High speed motor engines in which oppositely reciprocating high pressure
pistons are provided respectively connected to low pressure pistons correspondingly
oppositely reciprocating, in such a manner that the steam or other fluid on being
introduced between the opposed faces of the high pressure pistons initially expends
its expansive energy and passes to a receiver whence it passes between the opposed
faces of the low pressure pistons completing its expansion, the steam pressure
being respectively communicated to the crank shaft coupled to the rods of the

page_text: connected pistons as a pull and as a thrust substantially as and for the purpose
hereinbefore described.
2. In high speed engines, improvements, substantially as and for the purpose
herein before described and illustrated.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.