IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO " "HYDROCARBON FURNACES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Julius Boult of 323 High Holborn in the County
of Middlesex for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO
"
"HYDROCARBON FURNACES a communication from Orland D Orvis of
Chicago Illinois United States of America
:
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Julius Boult at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th November 1883.
ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex
Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO HYDROCARBON FURNACES" [a com-
munication from Orland. D Orvis of Chicago Illinois United States of America]
.
Hydrocarbons have been heretofore injected into the fire chamber of furnaces by
means of a steam jet or the combined force of a steam jet and force pump in
conjunction with air, said fire chamber containing a permanent or temporary bed of
coal or other solid carbonaceous fuel.
The objections to furnaces in which hydrocarbons have been heretofore employed
in connection with a permanent bed of fuel are, that steam is principally relied on
for vaporizing the hydrocarbons and forcing them and of forcing the heavier and
liquid portions but slightly in advance of the nozzle, and as a result these heavier
and liquid portions are thrown down or drip down upon the bed of fuel so that
even such as are not totally lost by escaping through the gate-bars into the ash
pit are not fully utilized owing to the partial ignition in consequence of which they
produce a dense smoke and other unignited Gases
These objections are increased by a failure to combine proper proportions of air-
and steam with the hydro carbons and to inject into the fire chamber even so much
of the jet as is combined with sufficient rapidity and force to obtain the best
results.
'
i
Feeding hydro-carbons by means of the combined force of steam and a force
pump along continuous and gradually descending tortuous passages to outlets of a
generator arranged in a fire chamber is liable to result in the escape of liquid
portions of the hydro carbons and the attempt to combine heated air with such a
stream near its point of exit cannot produce the best results for the reason that a
SD...

page_text: thorough admixture is impossible, and that the air is so rarefied as not to present
the proper proportions of oxygen with the steam and hydro carbon even if
combined.
Besides such construction does not contemplate the use of a permanent bed of
fuel but effectually prevent its employment by reason of the tortuous passaged
generator occupying a substantial portion of the Fire Chamber.
Numerous hydro carbon furnaces have been provided which require a special
construction of the furnace itself, but to avoid this, is one of the principal objects
of this Invention-This is attained by providing attachments which may be secured
upon furnace in which coal or other carbonaceous fuel is employed for supplying,
in the requisite proportions one or more jets of hydro-carbon, steam and air
combined.
Hydro-carbons, such for instance as crude petroleum contain about 84 per cent
carbon 14 per cent hydrogen, and two per cent oxygen and the advantages of its
employment as fuel in furnaces may be understood by a comparison of its heating
effect owing to the excess of carbon over distilled oils in which there is less carbon
and more hydrogen, when practical experiments have demonstrated that the
carborific power of these distillates which contain 71-7 per cent carbon and 28.2
hydrogen would equal 15 to 60 heat units, or an evaporative effect of about 25
against 14.9 for the best Coal.
Crude petroleum conducted continuously into a rich gas the main constituents of
which are light and heavy carboretted hydrogens which burned with the active
constituents of air is attended with the evolution of great heat.
Now by passing a current of air of proper proportions over or through these
carboretted hydrogens the air becomes so saturated with the vapors as. to form
a highly inflamable mixture which readuly combines with the rising volatile
hydrocarbons in the furnace producing a perfect ignition of all the gases of the
fuel employed.
But to render the use of hydro-carbon liquids successful in a furnace, it is
requisite not only that such liquids should be completely vaporized, but the vapors
raised to a very high degree of heat and rapidly combined with the proper
proportions of air and the bydrogen of steam prior to entering the fire chamber.
and when so combined fully expanded and forcibly injected into the fire chamber
in such a manner as to be spread in a thin sheet over and in close proximity to the
bed of burning fuel therein.
To attain these results are the objects of this invention, other objects being to
provide certain details of construction hereinafter described
The said invention is hereinafter described as applied to the ordinary and
commonly used steam boiler furnace in which the boiler extends longitudinally
above the furnace and in a horizontal plane, said furnace being provided with grate-
bars for coal or other solid carbonaceous fuel and arranged in a plane below a bridge
wall in the rear of which is a combustion chamber, but is also adapted to be used
in connection with locomotive, marine boilers or any construction of furnace
provided with a combustion or fire-chamber whether or not hydro carbons are
burned to the exclusion of solid fuel,
In carrying out this invention the device preferably employed for injecting the
steam and air has an inlet pipe extending through the front wall in a horizontal
plane above the grate bars and preferably just above a bed of burning fuel and has
screwed upon its outer and projecting end a globe" vacuum chamber
opening into
and by preference depending in a vertical line from which is an air supply pipe the
mouth of which may be partially closed by a hollow cone the apex of which
projects into the air supply-pipe and serves to diminish the friction, and hence the
noise of the inrushing air, or else said air supply-pipe may be projected into an air
duct or chamber whose inlet is at some distance from the furnace
The said globe vacuum chamber is preferably closed at the front by a removable
cap providing access to the globe for removing obstructions and has projecting
through it a steam nozzle curved to open in a horizontal plane in line with

page_text: the inlet-pipe and extending beyond the centre of the globe, and connected with a
steam supply pipe which preferably leads from the dome where the steam is at its
highest and dryest temperature in the boiler.
Between the globe and the furnace-wall is an oil nozzle which projects through
the inlet-pipe at a right angle to the steam nozzle, and preferably so that as the oil
escapes therefrom it will be in the same plane with the steam jet, and as near
thereto as practically consistent with attaining the best vaporising effects of the
steam, and avoiding the chilling effects of the inflowing air
The oil nozzle is removably secured in a stem of suitable construction and
is screwed into an end plate supporting a glass-tube forming a sight-feed for the oil
as it passes from a nozzle in the upper plate of the glass tube to the oil nozzle said
nozzle being screwed to an oil supply pipe in which may be situate a globe valve,
of ordinary construction, adapted to cut off the supply of oil to the oil-nozzle, and
hence its flow through the sight-tube.
Any number of these combined steam, air, and hydro-carbon feeds may be.so
arranged upon a furnace and at any point or points desired whether in front, at
the side or rear, or all as the exigencies of the furnace may require
These several feeds may be supplied with steam from a single supply pipe by
means of a connecting head and the several oil nozzles may be likewise supplied by.
a head connected with the several nozzles suitable stop-cocks, or valves, being
employed for cutting off the supply of oil or steam to any one nozzle without
obstructing the flow to one or more of the other nozzles as desired in order to
obtain steam at as high a temperature as possible the supply-pipes may be connected
with a convolution of pipe arranged in the fire chamber and encased in fire-clay or
in the walls thereof and thereby superheat the steam supplied to the feed.
The supply of oil is preferably furnished from a tank supported upon suitable
brackets elevated so as not to be an obstruction in the vicinity of the furnace. and
removed a sufficient distance therefrom to prevent the heat of the furnace seriously,
affecting its contents
Thus far means have been described for supplying the fire or combustion chamber
with, as has been practically demonstrated, proper proportions of air and superheated
steam, and also with a regulated supply of oil, but as steam is capable of vaporizing
only the lighter portions of the oil or other hydro-carbons with this construction
the heavier portions of the hydro carbons, would be thrown into the furnace in a
liquid form and a waste of the hydro-carbons a dense smoke and other unignited
noxious gases, and a corresponding loss of heat would result therefrom
To avoid these objections, and not only to vaporize the heavier portions of the
hydro-carbons, but to raise them to a very high temperature, and correspondingly.
expand them, I provide a retort of peculiar construction screwed upon the inner
end of a supply-pipe and exposed to the heat of the fire or combustion chamber
the main object of which is to inject into the fire or combustion chamber of a
furnace, a jet containing the proper proportions of steam, air, and hydro carbon
vapors at a high temperature with force and rapidity a result not possible to attain
without the employment of devices embodying my invention though perhaps
materially varying in structure and arrangement.
The retort consists of an oblong vessel made of iron, fire clay or other suitable
material, closed at its extremities and projecting more or less below the plane of the
inlet-pipe so as to form a receptacle of a depth sufficient to catch the liquid-
portions of the bydro-carbons as they are forced inwardly towards the furnace by
the steam and air and is provided on its inner-side-and towards its top with an
elongated slot forming an inlet for the combined jet.
The said slot is preferably straight and in a horizontal plane, but may be in the
arc of a circle, and is of such dimensions that the jet will enter the furnace in a
sheet, in which form it is best adapted to be quickly and thoroughly ignited
The retort is preferably enlarged at its upper end in which enlargement the slot
is made but I do not limit myself to this special construction of the retort, although

page_text: it has the advantage of providing an enlarged chamber for and adjacent to the
point of exit of the hydro-carbon vapors as they rise and are expanded in the retort.
The slot is preferably in a plane above the centre of the inlet, but it may be in
the same plane altho' the advantage of its elevated position is to effectually
prevent the liquid hydro-carbon in the inlet pipe being carried directly through
the slot in the retort to the fire-chamber.
To remove obstructions from the retort a plug is removably secured in its bottom,
and to avoid any liability of the retort being burned out owing to its necessarily
exposed position, in the furnace it may be partially or wholly protected by
fire-brick or other suitable covering if desired.
Another form of device for vaporizing the heavier portions of the hydro-carbons
consists of a nozzle resembling in form the upper portion of a retort, that is to say,
the nozzle is enlarged so as to form a recptacle for catching and vaporising the
liquid hydro-carbons, and a chamber adapted to permit the expansion of the
vapors thereof.
These nozzles are adapted to be employed where hydro carbons are used in small
quantities or where they consist only of lighter portions such for instance as refined
petroleum, and when it is desirable to employ jets in numbers exceeding those
assigned to be employed with the retort, or they may be used in a furnace with
retorts.
In other words these nozzles embody this invention and produce the same
results as retorts only in a less degree, and serve the modifications to which the
invention is subject without departing from the spirit thereof.
By employing the retort in connection with a globe vacuum chamber, all the
advantages common to that device for supplying air and steam serve to render
the employment of the retort more effective
Whether or not the retort is employed with this particular construction the
gases are always greatly expanded in the retort before their escape, and in
consequence of this expansion they are thrown by their own volition with an
increased force into the fire-chamber, and are correspondingly and uniformly
spread over its entire area; and in this connection it may be added that the retort
is so effectual in its operation no residuum of any kind remains therein, as has
been demonstrated by actual experiment.
In conclusion it should be stated that while the globe form of the injector is
preferred the merits of this invention are not at all dependent on the form of
injector employed, as numerous others in common use for injecting steam, or steam
and air, may be used in connection with the oil supply and retort, to a very good
advantage for the particular construction of the injector does not necessarily modify
the function and operation of the retort, or equivalent construction.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Alfred Julius Boult in the Patent Office on the 13th May 1884.
"
ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO HYDRO-CARBON FURNACES A communication
from Orland D Orvis of Chicago Illinois, United States of America
This invention relates to improvements in hydrocarbon furnaces in which
hydro-carbons have been injected into the fire chamber by means of a steam jet or
the combined force of a steam jet and force pump in conjunction with air, said
fire-chamber containing a permanent or temporary bed of coal or other solid
carbonaceous fuel
The objections to furnaces in which hydro-carbons have been heretofore employed
in connection with a permanent bed of fuel are that steam is principally relied
on for vaporizing the hydro-carbons and forcing them into the fire chamber,
when as a matter of fact, it is capable of vaporizing only their very lightest
portions and of forcing the heavier and liquid portions but slightly in advance of
the nozzle, and as a result these heavier and liquid portions are thrown or drip
down upon the bed of fuel so that even such as are not totally lost by escaping
through the grate bars into the ash-pit are not fully utilized owing to their partial
ignition, in consequence of which they produce a dense smoke and other noxious
unignited gases
Without regarding the advantages of spreading the combined jet over the fire.
chamber these objections are increased by a failure to combine proper proportions
of air and steam with the hydro-carbons and to inject into the fire-chamber even so,
much of the jet as is combined with sufficient rapidity and force to obtain the best
results
Feeding hydro-carbons by means of the combined force of steam and a force
pump along continuous and gradually descending tortuous passages to out-lets of a
generator arranged in a fire chamber is liable to result in the escape of liquid
portions of the hydro-carbons and the attempt to combine heated air with such a
stream near its point of exit cannot produce the best results, for the reason that a
thorough admixture is impossible and that the air is so rarified as to prevent the
proper proportions of oxygen with the steam and hydro-carbon even if combined
Besides such construction does not contemplate the use of a permanent bed of
fuel but effectually prevents it by reason of the tortuous passaged generator.
occupying a substantial portion of the fire chamber.
Numerous hydro-carbon furnaces have been provided which require a special
construction of the furnace itself but to avoid this is one of the principal objects of
this invention which is attained by providing attachments which may be secured.
upon any furnace in which coal or other carbonaceous fuel is employed for supplying
in the requisite proportions one or more jets of hydrocarbon, steam and air
combined Hydro-carbons such for instance as crude petroleum contain about.
eighty four (84) per cent carbon fourteen (14) per cent hydrogen and two (2) per
cent Oxygen and the advantages of its employment as fuel in furnaces may be
understood by a comparison of its heating effect owing to the excess of carbon over
distilled oils in which there is less carbon and more hydrogen when practical
experiments have demonstrated that the calorific power of these distillates which
contain 71-7 per cent carbon and 28.2 hydrogen would equal 15 to 60 heat units or
an evaporative effect of about 25 against 149 for the best coal.
Crude petroleum conducted continuously into a red hot retort, is decomposed into
a rich gas the main constituents of which are light and heavy carburetted
."

page_text: hydrogens the burning of which with the active constituents of air is attended with
the evolution of great heat.
Now by passing a current of air of proper proportions over or through these
carburetted hydrogens the air becomes so saturated with the vapors as to form a
highly inflammable mixture which readily combines with the rising volatile hydro-
carbons in the furnace producing a perfect ignition of all the gases of the fuel
employed.
But to render the use of hydro-carbon liquids successful in a furnace it is
requisite not only that such liquids should be completely vaporized, but the vapors
raised to a very high degree of heat and rapidly combined with the proper
proportions of air and the hydrogen of steam prior to entering the fire chamber;
and when so combined fully expanded and forcibly injected into the fire-chamber
in such a manner as to be spread in a thin sheet over and in close proximity to the
bed of burning fuel therein."
To obtain these results are the chief objects of my invention other objects being
to provide certain details of construction hereinafter described and shown in the
accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1. is a vertical section in detail of a hydro-carbon apparatus embodying
this invention
Figure 2 a similar view of the same with a modification of the devices for
injecting steam and air
Figure 3 a perspective view of the retort shown in section in Figures 1 and 2.
Figure 4 a plan of the same
Figure 5 a similar view of a modification of the retort
Figure 6. an end elevation and
Figure 7 a side elevation of the same.
Similar letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several figures of the
drawings
The said invention is hereinafter described as applied to the ordinary and
commonly used steam boiler furnace in which the boiler extends longitudinally
above the furnace and in a horizontal plane, said furnace being provided with grate
bars for coal or other solid carbonaceous fuel and arranged in a plane below a bridge
wall in the rear of which is a combustion chamber, but is also adapted to be used
in connection with locomotive marine boilers or any construction of furnace
provided with a combustion or fire chamber whether or not hydro-carbons are
burned to the exclusion of solid fuel
In carrying out this invention the device preferably employed for injecting the
steam and air similar to those shown and described in British Letters Patent
granted to W. P. Thompson N° 1129-1881 is best shown in Figure 1 in which C
represents an inlet pipe extending through the front wall in a horizontal plane
above the grate bars and preferably just above a bed of burning fuel, and has
screwed upon its outer and projecting end a globe "vacuum chamber" D opening
into and by preference depending in a vertical line from which is an air supply
pipe E the mouth of which pipe may be artially closed by a hollow cone F the
apex of which projects into the air supply-pipe and serves to diminish the friction
and hence the noise of the inrushing air or else said air supply-pipe may be
projected into an air duct or chamber whose inlet is at some distance from the
furnace
}
Globe D is preferably closed at its top by a removable cap G providing access
to the globe for removing obstructions and has projecting through it a steam
nozzle H curved to open in a horizontal plane in line with the inlet pipe C. and
extending beyond the centre of the globe and connected with a steam supply
pipe I which preferably leads from the dome where the steam is at its highest and
dryest temperature in the boiler
Between the globe and the furnace-wall is an oil nozzle J which projects through
the inlet pipe C at a right angle to the steam nozzle and preferably so that as the
oil escaped therefrom it will be in the same plane with the steam jet and as near

page_text: thereto as practically consistent with attaining the best vaporizing effects of the
steam and avoiding the chilling effects of the inflowing air.
The oil nozzle is removably secured in a stem of suitable construction and is
screwed into an end plate supporting a glass tube K forming a sight feed for the
oil as it passes from a nozzle L in the upper plate of the glass tube to the oil
nozzle J said nozzle L being a screwed to an oil supply M in which may be situate
a globe valve N of ordinary construction adapted to cut off the supply of oil to
the oil nozzle J and hence its flow through the sight tube.
Any number of these combined steam, air and hydro-carbon feeds may be
arranged upon a furnace and at any point or points desired whether in front at the
side or near or all as the exegencies of the furnace may require.
These several feeds may be supplied with steam from a single supply pipe by
means of a connecting head and so also the several oil nozzles are supplied by a
head connected with the several nozzles suitable stop-cocks or valves such as valve
being employed for cutting off the supply of oil or steam to any one nozzle
without obstructing the flow to one or more of the other nozzles as desired and in
order to obtain steam at as high a temperature as possible the supply pipes may be
connected with a convolution of pipe arranged in the fire chamber and encased
in fire clay or in the walls thereof and thereby superheat the steam supplied to the
feed.
The supply of oil is preferably. furnished from a cylindrical tank supported upon
suitable brackets elevated so as not to be afford an obstruction in the vicinity of
the furnace and removed a sufficient distance therefrom to prevent the heat of the
furnace seriously affecting its contents
Thus far means have been described for supplying the fire or combustion
chamber with as has been partically demonstrated proper proportions of air and
superheated steam and also with a regulated supply of oil but steam is capable of
vaporizing only the lighter portions of the oil or other hydro-carbons with this
construction the heavier portions of the hydro-carbons would be thrown into the
furnace in a liquid form and a waste of the hydro-carbons a dense smoke and
other unignited noxious gases and a corresponding loss of heat would result
therefrom
-
To avoid these objections and not only to vaporize the heavier portions of the
bydro-carbons but to raise them to a very high temperature and correspondingly
expand them, a retort of peculiar construction is provided screwed upon the inner
end of the supply pipe C. and exposed to the heat of the fire or combustion.
chamber the main object of which is to inject into the fire or combustion chamber
of a furnace, a jet containing the proper proportions of steam, air and hydro-
carbon vapors at a high temperature with force and rapidity a result not possible
to attain without the employment of devices embodying this invention though
perhaps materially varying in structure and arrangement.
Retort S. consists of an oblong vessel made of iron, fire clay or other suitable
material closed at its extremities and projecting more or less below the plane of the
inlet pipe so as to form a receptacle of a depth sufficient to catch the liquid
portions of the hydro-carbons as they are forced inwardly towards the furnace
by the steam and air and is provided on its inner-side and towards its top with
an elongated slot k forming an inlet for the combined jet
The slot is preferably straight and in a horizontal plane, but may be in the
arc of a circle and is of such dimensions that the jet will enter the furnace
in a sheet in which form it is best adapted to be quickly and thoroughly ignited.
As shown in the retort is preferably enlarged at its upper end in which
enlargement the slot is made but the invention is not limited to this special.
construction of the retort although it has the advantage of providing an enlarged'
chamber for and adjacent to the point of exit of the hydro-carbon vapors as they,
rise and are expanded in the retort.
It will also be observed that the slot is preferably in a plane above the centre
of the inlet but it may be in the same plane although the advantage of its elevated

page_text: position is to effectually prevent the liquid hydro-carbon in the inlet pipe being
carried directly through the slot in the retort to the fire chamber.
To remove obstructions from the retort a plug is removably secured in its
bottom and to avoid any liability of the retort being burned out owing to its
necessarily exposed position in the furnace it may be partially or wholly protected
by fire bricks or other suitable covering if desired.
Another form of device for vaporizing the heavier portions of the hydro-carbons
is shown in Figures 5. 6 and 7 and consists of a nozzle T. resembling in form the
upper portion of the retort, that is to say, the nozzle is enlarged so as to form
a receptacle for catching and vaporizing the liquid bydro-carbons and a chamber
adapted to permit the expansion of the vapors thereof.
These nozzles are adapted to be employed where hydro-carbons are used in small
quantities or where they consist only of lighter portions such for instance as refined
petroleum, and when it is desirable to employ jets in numbers exceeding those
designed to be employed with the retort or they may be used in a furnace with
retorts.
In other words these nozzles embody this invention, and produce the same
results as retorts, only in a less degree and serve the modifications to which the
invention is subject without departing from the spirit thereof
Among the advantages of this invention so far as relates to the retort are that
it may be attached to any ordinary furnace without materially obstructing the
fire chamber; but the heat of the furnace when in operation is always sufficient
to heat the retort to the required degree; that it is sure to catch all liquid portions
of the hydro-carbons dripping from the inlet pipe; that no, hydro-carbon can
escape therefrom except in the form of a vapor at a very high temperature; and
that it provides for a substantially direct feed of the combined jet into the furnace
so that the force of the steam is fully utilized for forcing the jet into the furnace,
and of effecting a rapid and effective combination of the required proportions
of the steam and air, and hydro-carbon vapors before entering the furnace to
produce the best results.
By employing the retort in connection with a globe vacuum chamber all of the
advantages common to that device for supplying air and steam serve to render the
employment of the retort more effective as for instance the continuous supply of a
dense stream of pure air with a direct and given amount of steam and the
temperature of the air raised by the radiation of heat from the walls of the
chamber in addition to that of steam and directing this combined jet with all its
force against the inflowing stream of hydro-carbon are powerful auxiliaries to the
functions of the retort in producing the best results.
Whether or not the retort is employed in connection with this particular
construction, the gases are always greatly expanded in the retort before their
escape, and in consequence of this expansion they are thrown by their own volition
with an increased force into the fire chamber and are correspondingly and uniformily
spread over its entire area; and in this connection it may be added that the retort
is so effectual in its operation that no residuum of any kind remains therein, as has
been demonstrated by actual experiment
In conclusion it should be stated that while the globe form of the injector
shown in Figure 1. is preferred for obvious reasons the merits of this invention are
not at all dependent on the form of injector employed as for instance the form
shown in Figure 2 and numerous others in common use for injecting steam; or
steam and air may be used in connection with the oil supply and retort to a very
good advantage for the particular construction of the injector does not necessarily
modify the function and operation of the retort or equivalent construction
Having now described this invention and the manner of performing the same as
communicated to me by my foreign correspondent what I claim and desire to
protect under the herein before in part recited Letters Patent is.
First, The method of utilizing hydro-carbon liquids for heating purposes the
same consisting in forcing said liquid by means of steam into a retort heated

page_text: directly by the furnace in which retort the hydro-carbons rise and escape only in a
vaporous form to the fire chamber as hereinbefore set forth.
Second. The method of utilizing hydroc-arbon liquids for heating purposes the
same consisting in forcing said liquid by and in conjunction with steam and air
into a retort heated directly by the furnace in which retort the hydro-carbons are
vaporized and rise in their escape to the fire chamber substantially as described.
Third. The method of utilizing hydro-carbon liquids for beating purposes the
same consisting in forcing said liquid by means of steam into a retort in which the
hydro-carbon vapors rise and escape in a sheet like form into the fire or combustion
chamber substantially as described.
Fourth The combination with the steam and air inlet pipe of a furnace of a
hydro-carbon retort heated by the furnace and secured to the inner end of said pipe
and projecting beyond it said retort being provided towards its upper end with an
outlet for the escape of the hydro-carbon vapors generated therein substantially as
described
Fifth. The combination with the steam and air inlet pipe of a furnace of a
hydro-carbon retort secured to the inner end thereof and projecting below the
plane of said pipe, said retort being provided towards its upper end: and in a plane
above the centre of the inlet pipe with an outlet for the escape of the hydro-carbon
vapors substantially as described
Sixth. The combination with the retort the inlet pipe, the globe vacuum
chamber and means substantially as described for supplying steam and air to the
same of an oil nozzle opening in the inlet pipe at a point between said retort and
chamber and means for supplying the oil, all substantially as described
In witness whereof I the said Alfred Julius Boult have hereunto set my hand
and seal this thirteenth day of May in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and eighty four.
בגזiT
T DATTIM
ממחזו
TRATTO
J. BOULT (L.)