IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS AND VALVES FOR GAS, AIR AND LIQUIDS
Year: 1884

page_text: We CHARLES HUNT of Holmside Gravelly Hill in the County of Warwick
Civil Engineer and FRANK SAMUEL GREEN of 43 Stuart Street Nechells in the
Borough of Birmingham and County of Warwick, Fitter, do hereby declare the
nature of our invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS AND VALVES FOR GAS,
AIR AND LIQUIDS" to be as follows that is to say :—
Our Invention has for its object improvements in cocks and valves for gas, air,
steam, liquids and other fluids or semi-fluid which greatly simplifies such cocks
and valves and enables them to be opened in the most gentle manner without the
difficulties of sticking now experienced with sliding and other such like valves
having long continuous surface contact. We will explain our invention as applied to
a cock-Externally the cock or valve may be made of almost any shape and to
have the inlet and outlet passages opposite to each other or at angles to each other.
We will however now take the case of a valve with horizontal passages opposite
each other and a vertical chamber formed in the casting between the inlet and
outlet of the said cock or valve. The inside of this chamber or valve case is formed
with the smaller radius of the curve on either side, but for the present explanation
say the right side of the inlet opening, the curve gradually opening out to the left
hand with an increasing radius and curve so that a cock or valve pivotted on or
near the first or shortest centre or radius would when opened to the left hand
immediately relieve the pressure of the valve from against its face or seat thus
allowing the valve to move with the smallest amount of friction and in the most
gradual manner possible the opening being made in two ways First by releasing
the face pressure and second by the circular movement uncovering the area of the
outlet hole. It will thus be seen that while the action is gentle and gradual when
first commencing to open it becomes most rapid further on which is due to its
double action. The valve may be made double faced or there may be three four or
more faces all being covered by the one movement of the valve spindle. Only a
small portion of the seat need be faced up.
The same or a similar effect may be produced by the inside of the casing being
made a circle and the valve pivotted eccentric to the said circle say in the left side
of the centre of the casing so that when the valve spindle is turned to the left hand
023

page_text: the valve is immediately relieved from the face or seat and the valve and casing are
both in this case turned and bored concentric though they are set eccentric to each
other.
The valves in either case may be constructed with a sort of continuous ball joint
by a curved recess in the back of the valve and a projection on the valve spindle
which projects through a stuffing box packed with asbestos or other suitable
packing. The valve may be carried by arms or links and pins and joints instead
of the continuous ball joint but the latter would probably be the easiest made and
the least costly.
The covers of small cocks may be screwed on to the valve case but in large valves
flanges with bolts and nuts would probably be found most convenient.
- v4.41
These valves may be made from iron brass gun metal or other suitable material
and will be found suitable for either gas air steam fluids, liquids or semi liquids.
Dated this 21st day of October 1884
GEORGE BARKER,
Agent for the Applicants,.
77, Colinore Row, Birmingham.

page_text: We CHARLES HUNT of Holmside Gravelly Hill in the County of Warwick
Civil Engineer and FRANK SAMUEL GREEN of 43 Stuart Street Nechells in the
borough of Birmingham, and County of Warwick, Fitter do hereby declare the
nature of our invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS AND VALVES FOR GAS,
AIR, AND LIQUIDS" and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described. and ascertained in and by the following statement to be as
follows that is to say :-
Our Invention has for its object improvements in cocks and valves for gas air
steam, liquids and other fluids or semi-fluids which greatly simplifies such cocks
and valves and enables them to be opened in the most gentle manner without the
difficulties of sticking now experienced with sliding plug and other such like valves
having long continuous surface contact. We will explain our invention as applied
to a cock-Externally the cock or valve may be made of almost any shape and
to have the inlet and outlet passages opposite to each other or at anglés to each
other. We will however now take the case of a valve with the horizontal passages
opposite each other and a vertical chamber formed in the casting between the inlet
and outlet of the said cock or valve. The inside of this chamber or valve case is
formed with the smaller radius of the curve on either side but for the present
explanation say the right side of the inlet opening the curve gradually opening out
to the left hand with an increasing radius and curve so that a cock or valve
pivoted on or near the first or shortest centre or radius would when opened to the
left hand immediately relieve the pressure of the valve from against its face or seat
thus allowing the valve to move with the smallest amount of friction and in the
most gradual manner possible the opening being made in two ways:-First by
releasing the face pressure and second by the circular movement uncovering the
area of the outlet hole. It will thus be seen that while the action is gentle and
gradual when first commencing to open it becomes most rapid further on which is
due to its double action. The valve may be made double faced or there may be
three four or more faces.
The same or a similar effect may be produced by making the inside of the casing
a circle and the valve pivoted eccentric to the said circle say on the left side of the
centre of the casing so that when the valve spindle is turned to the left hand
the valve is immediately relieved from the face or seat and the valve and casing
are both in this case turned and bored concentric though they are set eccentric to
each other. The valves in either case may be constructed with a sort of continuous
ball or flexible joint by a curved recess in the back of the valve and a projection
on the valve spindle which projects through a stuffing box packed with abestos, or
other suitable packing or the valve may be fixed on a spindle with a certain
amount of liberty. The valve may be carried by arms or links and pins and joints
instead of the continuous ball joint but the latter would probably be the easiest
made and the least costly. The covers of small cocks may be screwed on to the
valve case but in large valves flanges with bolts and nuts would probably be found"
most convenient,

page_text: These valves may be made from iron brass gun metal or other suitable material
and will be found suitable for either gas, air, steam, fluids, liquids or semi-liquids.
In order that our invention may be clearly understood and more easily carried
into practical effect we have, appended hereunto three sheets of drawings upon
which we have shown a screw socket valve having a single valve and valve face
which will however sufficiently illustrate the principle to enable those acquainted
with the manufacture of such valves or cocks to transfer the principle to cocks
having more than one way or in the case of steam to the governor or other valves
indeed the principle herein set forth and illustrated is capable of very wide
application but the details of construction will of course vary according to the
particular purpose for which the valve or cock may be applied.
and
Figure 1 is a part side elevation and part section of a small screw socket cock
Figure 2 is a plan of the same cock with the upper part or gland removed.
Figure 3 is a cross section of the valve and spindle on line, A. B.
↑
Figure 4 is a plan of a three way cock showing the three spindles D. E. F.
passing through their respective glands and stuffing boxes.
Figure 5 is a similar plan to Figure 4 but showing four facings H. J. K. M. with
the necessary contraction in width of the branches 1. 2. 3 and 4 the area of each
passage being made up by extra depth. It will be found more economical in
constructing cocks with several ways to contract the width as here shown as the
internal diameter of the body part will thus be less and the whole cock less bulky
and lighter.
!
Figure 6 is a cross section through a valve and spindle showing one variation
in its construction, i.e. with a secondary joint C which allows the valve face n. n
and n to adapt itself casily and perfectly to the facing against which it has
to rest.
Figure 7 is an elevation in part section of a similar valve to the one shown by
Figures 1 and 2. but with the centre part O of the valve spindle P so cut away as
to leave an uninterrupted passage when the valve is open. The details of this valve
are further shown by
Figure 8 in vertical cross section and by
Figure 9 in horizontal sectional plan.
Figure 10 shows the application of the valve to a steam, air, or other governor,
Figure 11 is a plan of the cylinder valve face with the valve removed.
In the screw cock illustrated by Figures 1 and 2 there are two passages viz tho
outlet and the inlet R with the vertical chamber S. In this chamber we pivot
or otherwise mount the valve T which fits against the seating U of the chamber S.
The circle or curve of the seating U is struck or otherwise formed from a centre u
above the centre of the valve T but with the face otherwise agreeing and fitting
accurately the valve itself. By this means the valve T when turned in the direction
of the arrow to open the cock immediately clears itself from any bearing against
the face and so moves easily further in the same direction without friction until the
passage is sufficiently open to answer the purpose for the time being. In Figure 3
the valve is shown in cross section on line A. B and it will be noticed that there is
opportunity for a certain amount of liberty in the grip or carrier W at w' which
allows the valve T to adapt itself to the face U as valve spindle X is loose and not.
fast to the valve T in this instance.
In the modifications shown by Figures 7. S. and 9 the principle of the valve and
seat are exactly the same but in some cases it may be desirable to have a clean
uninterrupted passage right through the valve. It will here be noticed that the
part O is so entirely cut away as to offer no obstruction whatever.
In cases where valves of exceptional construction are required the same principle
may be carried out as for instance in the case of the diagram view Figure 5 where
the four valves H. J. K. M. are all fitted inside one chamber Y. In the case of
valve H the valve is struck to and hung upon centre h¹ while the seat is turned to the
centre h². In the case of valve J the valve is struck to centre 7' and the seat to . In

page_text: the case of valve K the valve is struck and hung to centre k¹ and the seat to k
and in the case of valve M the valve is struck to m¹ and the seating is struck to m².
Referring to Figure 6. for a moment it will be noticed that there are three passages
and three valve spindles D. E and F by which the three valves are operated and
in this case the seats and valves are hung and fitted in a similar manner to that
explained for Figure 5. Also in like manner the four way valve is provided with
four glands stuffing boxes, and spindles by which each valve is operated quite
independently of the other so that any passage or passages may be opened
simultaneously and the liquid gas steam or other fluid may be turned in any
desired direction.
Another application of the valve is shown by Figures 10 and 11 where Z is the
seating covering the steam or other passages 5 and 6 leading to the cylinder or
other part. The valve L has the passages 7 and 8 corresponding when open with
the passages 5 and 6 in the seating Z. The valve L is hung upon the centre ¹ and
the seating is bored or otherwise shaped to the centre 12 so that in turning the
valve in the direction of the arrow it is at once relieved from the pressure against
the face and the two openings 5 and 7 and the two openings 6 and 8 are brought
opposite each other. În the case shown the valve is operated by the governor
spindle G.
The above examples will serve to show how general the application of the
principle of our valve is and will serve to enable practical men to apply the said
principle to other similar cases.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that
what we claim is
The improvements in cocks and valves for gas, air, steam, liquids and other fluids
or semi-fluids of a valve or valves hung eccentric to the seating or seatings
substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.
1
CT
1000
GEORGE BARKER,
Agent for the Applicants,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham.