IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GENE- RATING STEAM: GENERATING STEAM
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Angier March Perkins, of Francis Street, Gray's
Inn Road, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GENE-
RATING STEAM,"
Sealed the 3rd June 1856, and dated the 6th December 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Angier March Perkins,
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th December 1855.
I, ANGIER MARCH PERKINS; of Francis Street, Gray's Inn Road, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR:
GENERATING STEAM" to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object a peculiar combination or arrangement of
apparatus for generating steam. For this purpose, the circulation of water is.
employed to heat and evaporate successive quantities of water which are forced
into one of a series of vessels (surrounding the water circulating pipe) by:
means of a plunger or plungers worked by steam generated in the apparatus..
The system of circulating water which is used in carrying out this Invention,.
is that which is now well known as Perkins' system, wherein the circulating.
water is hermetically closed within tubes, leaving space only for expansion. A
quantity of the tubing containing the circulating water is subjected, as hereto-
fore, to the heat of a fire, by which the water contained is caused to circulate.
in the system of tubing from and to that portion thereof which is heated by the

page_text: fire. On or around those portions of the tubing which are away from the fire,
are applied three or more external cases or steam generators communicating in
succession with each other, so that the water pumped into the first, which is
on the return tube nearest the fire, becomes partly heated, passes to the next,
and the next, and becomes more highly heated and completely expanded into
steam as it arrives in the last of the series of expanding vessels which surround
the water-circulating tubes. From the last of these heating and generating
vessels the steam is taken for the purposes of use, and part is employed for
giving motion to a plunger or plungers, which force regulated quantities of
water into the first of the series of heating and generating vessels.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Angier March Perkins in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 5th June 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ANGIER
MARCH PERKINS, of Francis Street, Gray's Inn Road, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Angier March Perkins, Her special licence that I, the said
Angier March Perkins, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Angier March Perkins, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GENERATING STEAM," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Angier March Perkins, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, .or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Angier March Perkins, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to

page_text: be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This.Invention has for its object a peculiar combination or arrangement of
apparatus for generating.steam. For this purpose, the circulation of water is
employed to heat.and evaporate successive quantities of water which are forced
into one of a series of vessels (surrounding the water-circulating pipe,) by
means of a plunger.or plungers worked by steam generated in the apparatus.
The system of circulating water which is used in carrying out this Invention, is
that which is now well known as Perkins' system, wherein the circulating water
is hermetically closed within tubes, leaving space only for expansion. A
quantity of the tubing containing the circulating water is subjected, as hereto-
fore, to the heat of a fire, by which the water contained is caused to circulate
in the system of tubing from and to that portion thereof which is heated by the
fire. On or around those portions. of the tubing which are away from the fire
are applied three or more external cases or steam generators, communicating
in succession with each other, so that the water pumped into the first, which is
on the return tube nearest the fire, becomes partly heated, passes to the next,
and the next, and becomes more highly heated and completely expanded into
steam as it arrives in the last of the series of expanding vessels which surround
the water-circulating tubes. From the last of these heating and generating
vessels the steam is taken for the purposes of use, and part is employed for
giving motion to a plunger or plungers, which force regulated quantities of
water into the first of the series of heating and generating vessels.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.
:
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section, and Figure 2 is a transverse section,
of a steam generating apparatus according to my Invention. The form of appa-
ratus in carrying out my Invention may be greatly varied, but I prefer that
the vessels containing the water should consist of a series of bends of tubular
apparatus, and that the supply of water should be pumped into the end of the
first bend or vessel near where the return portion of the heating pipe passes
out of the end of the bend or vessel, and also that the most highly heated
part of the heating pipe should pass into the last bend or vessel near where
the steam passes off from the vessel or bend.
A, A, A, A, represent the hot water tubes, which convey the heat from the
fire to the succeeding bends of the larger tubes B, B, B, B, in which is
pumped the water to be generated into steam; C is a cross tube, which serves

page_text: for connecting two or more of the generating tubes B, B, together, for the pur-
poses of supplying water to them all at the same time; D is a cross tube, which
serves for connecting two or more of the generating tubes B, B, together, for
the.
purpose of taking off the steam as it may be generated, to be conveyed to
the engine, or other purpose for which it may be required; E is a connecting
piece, for the purpose of filling the hot water pipes with water from a pump F;
it also serves for the pressure indicator G, and for the expansion tubes H; I
is the fire-place; J is the tube connected to a water supply pump. By this
arrangement or combination it will be seen that the water introduced into the
ends of the pipes B will come in contact with the return portions of the heat-
ing tubes A, A, and that such water, as it passes from bend to bend, (or it may
be separate vessels, simply having suitable connections,) will come in contact
with hotter and hotter parts of the heating tubes A.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I would have it understood that what I claim is, the modo
herein described of combining tubes A and B and the apparatus herein
explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said Angier March Perkins, havo hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fourth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
S. CARPMAEL.
A. M. PERKINS. (L.S.)