MACHINERY FOR RUBBING, DRESSING, FINISHING, AND SETTING UP TYPES " PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Summerfield Eaton of Brooklyn in the State of
New York, United States of America for an Invention of "MACHINERY FOR
RUBBING, DRESSING, FINISHING, AND SETTING UP TYPES
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Summerfield Eaton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th May 1883.
GEORGE SUMMERFIELD EATON, of Brooklyn in the State of New York, United
States of America MACHINERY FOR RUBBING, DRESSING, FINISHING AND SETTING
UP TYPES
"
"
The types as they come from the type casting machine are laid upon a table, the
sprues or projections at the base, if any, having been previously broken off. These
types are passed one by one into a slide holder and a pusher acted upon by a cam
moves the line of types along. There is a shaft that is oscillated by a cam and
rack lever or other suitable means, and the said shaft is provided with a stock and
movable type carriers in the form of plates one on each side of the stock and the
edges of these carriers are half circles there being a type rest on each plate. These
carriers move between a central body portion and adjustable cheek pieces, and the
parts are constructed so as to be adapted to different fonts and thicknesses of
types, the adjustment being effected with the greatest accuracy.
There is a cutter on this oscillating shaft that acts to nick the lower ends of the
types as they pass along in succession in the slide, and the end type in the slide is
taken off each reciprocation by the carrier, moved up between cutters or surfaces
that remove the burs or projections on two sides of the types; then the types are
received into a quarter circle holder or upon a transfer block that takes them
progressively from the first carrier over to the second carrier, and in so doing gives
each type, a quarter rotation so that the second carrier, as it receives the type
takes it through between cutters or dressing surfaces that remove the burs or
projections on the other two sides of the body and base of the letter, and the types

page_text: are delivered into a composing slide successively and are set up in line ready for
delivery.
The body and cheek pieces are of hard metal and are to be polished or ground
off flat and they act to smooth the bodies of the types, and make them perfectly
uniform
The types sometimes are only acted upon by one type carrier and rubber or
dresser where only two sides are to be finished.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said George Summerfield Eaton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
15th November 1883.
GEORGE SUMMERFIELD EATON, of Brooklyn in the State of New York, United
States of America, "MACHINERY FOR RUBBING, DRESSING, FINISHING AND SETTING
UP TYPES"
The types as they come from the type casting machine are laid upon a table the
sprues or projections at the base, if any, having been previously broken off. These
types are passed, one by one, into a slide holder and a pusher acted upon by a cam
moves the line of types along.
There is a shaft that is oscillated by a cam and rack-lever or other suitable
means and the said shaft is provided with a stock and movable type carriers in
the form of plates one on each side of the stock and the edges of these carriers are
half circles, there being a type rest on each plate. These carriers move between a
central body portion and adjustable cheek pieces, and the parts are constructed so
as to be adapted to different fonts and thicknesses of types, the adjustment being
effected with the greatest accuracy.
1
There is a cutter on this oscillating shaft that acts to nick the lower ends of the
types as they pass along in succession in the slide and the end type in the slide is
taken off each reciprocation by the carrier, moved up between cutters or surfaces
that remove the burs or projections on two sides of the types, then the types are.
received into a quarter circle holder or upon a transfer block that takes them
progressively from the first carrier over to the second carrier and in so doing gives
each type a quarter rotation so that the second carrier as it receives the type takes
it through between cutters or dressing surfaces that remove the burs or projections
on the other two sides of the body and base of the letter, and the types are
delivered into a composing slide successively and are set up in line ready for
delivery.
The body and cheek-pieces are of hard metal and are to be polished or ground
off flat and they act to smooth the bodies of the types and make them perfectly
uniform.

page_text: Fig. 1. is a rear view of the machine.
Fig. 2. is an elevation end wise of the shaft.
Fig. 3. is a partial plan.
Fig. 4. is a section at x. x.
Fig. 5. is a section at y. y. and
Fig. 6. is a section at z. z.
Fig. 7. is a vertical section through the motor shaft and the oscillating shaft
Fig. 8. is a view end wise of the shafts showing the type carrying plates.
Fig. 9. is a rear view of the transfer mechanism, and
Fig. 10. is a section of the same.
Fig. 11. is a rear view representing a modification of the transfer mechanism.
Fig. 12. is a view of the inner end and
Fig. 13. is a detached plan of the transfer block.
Fig. 14. is a separate view of the cam A*
The shaft A. is supported by the tubular bearing A. upon the upper part of the
frame or column B. which column rests upon a suitable table or bench.
The shaft A. is revolved continuously by a belt and pulley C. and upon said
shaft A. there is a cam wheel D. having a cam groove shown by dotted lines in
fig. 2. into which passes the stud e. upon the rocking lever E. This lever E has
at its lower end an eye for the pivot bolt a. and at its upper end a segmental
rack b. that acts upon the pinion c. at the end of the rocker shaft F. This rocker
shaft F, is supported in bearings f. that are upon the adjustable cheek pieces h. h'.
These cheek pieces h. h'. are provided with tubular supports h². h³. that surround
the tubular bearing A'. A'. of the motor shaft A. and there are adjusting nuts i.
upon such tubular bearing by which the cheek pieces h. h¹. can be moved along
upon the said bearings A. and the cheek pieces are tied together at their upper
portions by the bolt k. and nuts 2. 2. at its ends. Upon the rocker shaft F, there
is a stock H. upon the sides of which are fastened the movable carrier plates I. L.
The plate I. is to be of a thickness slightly less than the width of the types that
are to be dressed or rubbed and the plate L. is to be of a thickness slightly less
than the thickness of the type. These plates I. L. are changed to suit the font of
types or the respective letters that are being rubbed and the cheek pieces h. h¹.
being movable, allow for the introduction of these carrier plates and for varying
the spaces between the respective cheek-pieces and the central body-piece A2. that
extends up from the tubular bearing A'. and in which the stock H. of the shaft F.
oscillates with such shaft F. It will now be understood that the extent of
oscillating movement given to the shaft F stock H and carrier plates I. L. will
depend upon the size of the cam D. which acts upon the stud e. lever E rack b. and
pinion c. and that if the carrier plates have to pause at the ends of the reciprocations
for receiving or delivering the types, the portions of the cam groove that act at
these parts of the movement are to be arcs of circles from the center of the motor
shaft as shown.
The types to be rubbed are placed upon the table M. and by hand they are laid
down upon their sides and passed in with the base end first between the fence.m.
and the guide n. and they are pressed in beneath the plate o. by the reciprocating
pusher of that receives motion from the link 12. lever 3. roller 4. and cam 5. upon
the cam wheel D. the spring 6. returning the pusher to its normal position in line
with the fence m.
The types as they lie in line upon the table and beneath the plate o. are moved
along progressively by the pusher o' as one type after another is introduced
between the line of types and the pusher. Upon the shaft F. there is a cutter p.
of a width adapted to the notching or nicking of the bases of the types. This
cutter is moved by and with the rock-shaft F. and it is operated at a time when
the line of types is stationary; it passes through a notch at the edge of the table

page_text: .
and slide, and if desired the type that is being operated upon is held by a cam
acting upon a movable section of the plate o. so as to keep the type firm while the
cutter is removing the central rough portion of the base where the casting sprue
had been broken off. This cutter p. may be in the form of a lever upon the shaft F.
and be moved at the proper time by a cam upon the wheel D.
The carrier plates I. L. have offsets 8. 8¹. that are slightly inclined to the radial
line and form type rests, the other portions of the edges of the carrier plates being
nearly semi-circles as seen in fig. 8. and by dotted lines in figs. 2. and 12.
The parts are so proportioned and timed that the pusher o¹. moves the line of
types along when the rest 8. of the carrier I. is below the end type and just as the
carrier begins to move upwardly hence the end type is carried off upon the rest 8.
and passes up between the cheek piece h. and the body A². and is kept in proper
position by the same, and there are cutters at t. that remove any burs that may
exist at the bases of the letters or at the angles of the type bodies and at the same
time the surfaces of the bodies of the types are smoothed or polished by contact
with the metallic surfaces between which they are carried.
The transfer block r. is circular with a slot in one side; it is placed upon the
arm which arm is pivoted at 2 and the connecting rod 3. is pivoted to the
arm r'. and provided with a pin 40. in the grooved cam A. upon the motor shaft A.
This connecting rod 3. is kept from dropping by the jaws of the support A³. which
is screwed to the tubular support h³. of the cheek plate h'. The cheek-plate h¹. and
body A². are notched to allow the transfer block r. to be moved freely across from
one position to the other as seen in fig. 9. and this transfer block has a tubular
shank through an eye at the upper end of the arm r¹ and a pin 15. extends out
through the tubular shank and passes in between the stationary fingers 16. 16. so
that as the arm 1. is moved from one position to the other, the pin 15. will give to
the shank and transfer block a quarter of a rotation, and in so doing the slot in the
side of the transfer block occupies the position shown by dotted lines and is at the
side next to the cheek h¹. instead of being upon the top as seen by the full lines.
It is now to be understood that the slot in the transfer block is at the top and
that it is in line with the opening between the body A² and cheek piece h. at the
time the type carrier I. brings over the type and hence the type is delivered into
the slot of the transfer block 7. and as soon as this takes place the transfer block is
moved across by the cam A*, link 3. and lever 7. and receives a quarter rotation
and the type is in a position to be delivered upon the carrier plate L. as it com-
mences to oscillate in the reverse direction simultaneously with the carrier plate I.
as this latter is moved back to take another type.
I will now describe the means for pressing the type out of the slot in the transfer
block and delivering it upon the said carrier plate L.
The stem of the transfer block is hollow and in it there is a rod u. that is made
as a jaw at the end within the transfer block, and said jaw receives within it an
ejector plate v. having an inclined slot and the pin 8. in the jaw of u. passes
through this slot. A spring 10. serves to project the end of the rod u. and the
lever w. pivoted at 21. is acted upon by the projection 31. on the cam wheel D. and
the broad end 25. of the lever w. allows the end of the rod u. to pass beneath it
when the transfer block has been moved into the position shown by dotted lines in
fig. 9. and at this moment the cam 31. acting on the lever w. causes the end 25.
to press in the rod u. and move the pin 8. in the inclined slot and thus project the
ejector laterally and deliver the type from the slot in the transfer block upon the
nearly radial surface of the carrier plate L. by which it is carried upwardly between
the cheek piece h¹. and the body A². and the projections at the sides of the letter
base are removed by the cutters t'.
These cutters are made to shear off the projections perfectly smooth and
in line with the sides of the type. This is done with the greatest accuracy
because the type is kept in its proper position as it rests upon the carrier and
is between the cheek piece h¹.. and the body A². The type is carried
Lack upon the table M. where it is laid into a slide or composing stick M' and

page_text: there is to be a pusher o² that pushes each type as it is laid down, moving it
and the line of types along out of the way of the next type. This pusher may be
actuated in any convenient manner. I have represented by dotted lines the rod 37.
below the table M. connecting the pusher o¹. to the pusher o². so that they move
together. In fig. 11. I have shown a modification of the transfer mechanism by
which the transfer block is dispensed with. In this case a quadrant slide 38. is
provided into which types are delivered by the carrier plate I. These are allowed
to accumulate until the quadrant slide is entirely full and this is to be proportioned
in such a manner according to the thickness of the types, that when one type is
added by the carrier plate at one end of the quadrant slide, another type at the
other end of the line of types is in position to be taken off by the other type
carrier as the carriers are oscillated the other way. It will be apparent that the
types are.presented to the second carrier L. with the bodies in position for the two
unrubbed sides to be acted upon by the cutters t¹.
It will be apparent that the cheek pieces having the tubular supports h². h³.
upon the tubular bearings of the rocker shaft, the surfaces of the cheek pieces can
be turned or ground off in a lathe with the greatest accuracy and they will always
occupy a plane that is perpendicular to the axis of the oscillating shaft, hence
there is no risk of the parts becoming inaccurate when adjusted and the bodies of
the types as dressed will always be perfectly parallel and risk of inaccuracy in
adjusting the parts is prevented. The surfaces of the cheek pieces and body with
which the types come into contact are subject to wear, they may therefore be of
chilled iron and ground off with great accuracy or they may be made with
movable plates of steel or other suitable metal that can be changed from time to
time as necessary. In cases where the bases of the letters overhang at opposite
sides of the types and these bases are to remain as in script letters, the faces of the
cheek pieces and body are to be grooved concentrically to allow these bases to
pass through the machine.
If only two sides of the type body are to be dressed
it will only be necessary to pass the types through between the body and the cheek
plate h. and deliver them upon a suitable rule or holder.
I claim as my Invention
First. The bed M. upon which the types are placed, the slide o. and pusher o¹. in
combination with the type carrier, means for giving to the same an oscillating
motion, and the type dressing or rubbing devices substantially as set forth.
Second. In a type rubbing or dressing machine, the combination with two type
carriers upon one shaft, and mechanism for giving to the same an oscillating
movement, of means for feeding the types and a transfer mechanism for receiving
the types from one carrier and delivering the same to the other carrier, sub-
stantially as set forth. Third. The combination with the oscillating shaft, type
carrier and rubbing devices of a bed upon which the types are received, a pusher
to move along the line of types to the carrier and a cutter for nicking the bases
of the types substantially as set forth. Fourth. The combination with the
oscillating type carriers and the body A² and cheek pieces h. . of the slotted
transfer block and the mechanism for moving and partially rotating the same and
transferring the type from one carrier to the other substantially as set forth.
Fifth. In combination with the type carriers, a slotted transfer block, a sliding
plate in the same and mechanism for moving the said plate and ejecting the type
substantially as set forth. Sixth In a type rubbing machine, a shaft having a
stock, movable type carriers attached to the stock, adjustable cheek pieces, cutters
and mechanism for moving the shaft, substantially as specified. Seventh. The
combination with the shaft and type carriers, of the cheek pieces and cutters, the
motor shaft, revolving cam, the rack and the pinion for giving to the shaft an
Oscillating motion substantially as set forth. Eighth The combination with the
oscillating shaft and the type carriers, of the cheek pieces and cutters for dressing
the types and the rule or receptacle into which the types as rubbed are received,
substantially as set forth. Ninth. The combination with the oscillating carriers
and shaft, of cheek pieces having tubular bearings and means for supporting and

page_text: adjusting such cheek pieces substantially as set forth. Tenth. The combination
with the oscillating carrier for moving the types, of plates at right angles to the
axis of the carrier between which the types are conveyed for smoothing or
polishing the body portions, and cutters for removing projections or burs
substantially as set forth.
In Witness whereof I the said George Summerfield Eaton have hereunto set
my hand and seal this 22 day of October A.D. 1883