Improvements in Packing Cylinder Pistons, their Rods, and the like
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Apr., 1899-Accepted, 14th Oct., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Packing Cylinder Pistons, their Rods, and the like
I, ROBERT COOKE SAYER, of 11, Clyde Road, Redland, Bristol, Civil Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement:-
The object is to utilise the pressure used in cylinders to prevent escape of the
pressure at the pistons and their rods, reduce their friction and lubricate them,
and this object is described in the following specification and drawing where
Fig. 1 shows a section of the piston at a b on Fig. 3.
Fig. 2 a section of the piston rod gland at c d e on Fig. 3.
Fig. 3 a sectional plan in part through the piston, and in part through the
gland of its rod.
Fig. 4 a diagramatic view of the pressure acting on the lubricant.
DESCRIPTION.
The pressure cylinder 1 contains the piston 2 whose rod 3 passes through its
gland 4.
The piston 2 has a chamber or space 5 in which the seats of the valves 6 and 7
connected by the rod 8 are formed, so that when one is open the other is shut,
also a space containing a pipe-hollow ball, or expansible vessel 9 formed to connect
with the passage 10 available from the outside of the cylinder 1 and with a hole 14
through an expansible split ring 11 and the packing 12, in contact with the sides
of the cylinder 1, and in which an annular space 13 is formed. The above parts
are also provided and act similarly in the gland 4 of the piston rod 3 where the
parts are numbered the same but 100 higher. The ring 111 exerts an inward
pressure against the packing 112, the rod 108 acts as a stop for the valve 106.
When more convenient the chamber 9 is substituted by a bent pipe to give
with the ring 11, and the pressure of the cylinder 1 acts on the lubricant outside
it by means of rams 15 and 16, Fig. 4, that are connected by a pipe 17 having
valves 18 and 19 to the passage 10 of the cylinder 1 and 110 of the gland 4, the
rams 15 and 16 are kept in place and their connections filled with non-compressible
lubricant through the pipe 20 and valves 21 and 22 by its reservoir 23 where it
is under the pressure of a weight or spring 24.
THE WORKING IS AS FOLLOWS:-
Pressure being admitted below the piston 2 it opens the valve 7 closes 0 acts
against the ring 11 and thrusts the packing 12 against the sides of the cylinder 1
and gives pressure to the ball 9 the lubricant it contains and that in the passage 13
to meet pressure tending to escape past the piston 2, and keeps the cylinder
lubricated, the packing 12 preventing escape.
Pressure also enters the valve 100, shown closed, and acts similarly against the
rod 3. At the return stroke no pressure being sent through the valve 106 there
is only the friction from the normal pressure of the reservoir 23. The piston
valve G is opened and 7 closed and each of its parts acts as before.
.

page_text: When the pressure is shut off from the cylinder 1 there is no friction of the
packings 12 of the piston 2 or 112 of the rod 3 except that due to the pressure of
the reservoir 23, which normally in part neutralises that of the rings 11 and 111
so that when it is desired to flush out the cylinder 1 and completely renew the
lubricant the pressure of the spring 24 is increased to thrust back the rings 11
and allow the lubricant to escape past the packings 12 and 112, into the cylinder 1
which when its blow out taps are open is driven out on the first stroke of the
piston.
:
When the pressure is sent to the cylinder 1 and varied by forced draft or
otherwise, the pressure and friction of the packing against the cylinder walls
and rod proportionately varies.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
Fitting pistons, the gland of their rods, and the like with valves 6, 7 or 106 to admit
the pressure to their interior to act against split spring rings 11 or 111 and thrust
them outward or inwards against packings 12 or 112 to take against the cylinder
walls or rod, an annular space 13 or 113 open to the walls of the cylinder 1 or rod 3
with openings in said packings leading to an expansible pipe, chamber, or ball 9
or 109 and a passage 10 or 110 connecting with the reservoir of the lubricant
outside the cylinder under normal pressure, and when required admitting the
pressure in the cylinder to rams 15 and 16 outside it to act on the lubricant, the
connections being kept filled from its reservoir 23 under pressure through
valves 21 and 22, substantially as described and shown in the drawing.
Dated this 22nd day of Annil
1000