matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
Ar IMPROVED MACHINE FOR CLEANING SKINS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Rowlandson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd October 1872.
I, WILLIAM ROWLANDSON, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of “Ar
IMPROVED MACHINE FOR CLEANING SKINS," to be as follows:
-
The object of this Invention is to provide a machine by which the
hair or wool of skins can be thoroughly freed from burrs and other
foreign and objectionable matter. For this purpose I preferably employ
the ordinard rotating drum fitted with blades of the usual construction,
the skin or skins being kept in contact with the said rotating blades
by a stationary incline table; other means may be used if desired.
As means for feeding I employ a moveable table or quadrant
provided with grippers for holding the skin or skins to be cleaned,
and caused to partake of reciprocating motion, either by means of
automatic gearing or by hand.
The operation of cleaning is performed as follows:-The skin or
skins are secured along their breadth at or near the centre thereof,

page_text: by the grippers to the moveable table or quadrant; the said table or
quadrant is caused to move towards the rotating blades; the edges of
the skin or skins are caught between the rotating blades and fixed
table, and are thereby drawn forward, the quadrant passing in a down-
ward direction beneath the said fixed table until half the breadth of
the said skin or skins has been operated upon by the rotating blades;
the quadrant is now caused either automatically or otherwise to movo
in a backward direction, bringing with it the skin- or skins until they
are clear of the rotating blades. The position of the skin or skins is
now reversed so as to bring the remaining half or halves of the skin
or skins under the cleaning action of the rotating blades.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR ADJUSTING SHIPS' COMPASSES, CORRECTING THE SAME, AND TAKING BEARINGS BY DAY OR NIGHT
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Douglas and John Scott
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 2nd August 1872.
We, JOHN DOUGLAS, of Amberley Street, in the Borough of Sunder-
land, in the County of Durham, Master Mariner, and JOHN SCOTT, of
Ward Terrace, in the said Borough of Sunderland, Metal Broker, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR ADJUSTING SHIPS' COMPASSES, CORRECTING THE
SAME, AND TAKING BEARINGS BY DAY OR NIGHT," to be as follows:-
My Invention for an improved method of and apparatus for adjusting
ships' compasses, correcting the same, and taking bearings by day or
night, consists of a vertical rod descending through and from the top of
the binnacle, and an indicator or pointer affixed to the lower end thereof
near to the glass of the compass. An instrument or object glass is placed
at the top of the rod for the purpose of taking the true direction of
the object, and which then places the pointer at the bottom of the rod
over the compass precisely in the same direction, thus shewing the true
bearing without the possibility of error. The said Invention can be
affixed and made applicable to all compasses.
A NEW WASHING FLUID FOR OBLITERATING MARKS OR STAINS IN WHITE LINEN
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Clemence Viel at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th May
1872.
I, OLEMENCE VIEL, of No. 36, Compton Street, Brunswick Square,
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A NEW WASHING FLUID FOR OBLITERATING MARKS OR STAINS
IN WHITE LINEN," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the obliterating stains or marks from
white linen. The articles to be washed are first passed through the
usual process until ready for boil, at which time any stains or marks
that are in the articles can be removed by at once soaking them in a
little of the fluid herein-after described. The articles can at pleasure be
either placed at once in the boil or rensed, and after boiled, when all
appearance of stains or marks will have been removed.
·
The Avid need is composed soda and a preparation of spirits of

page_text: STALOTOT OTTA
omm
VA
ORLATHA
TMTM
proportions:-
13 gallons of water.
4 lbs. of spirits of salts.
1 quart of manganese in solution.
21 lbs. of soda.
4 lbs. of chloride of lime.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CONCRETE BLOCKS FOR BUILDING PURPOSES, CONSTRUCTION OF SEA WALLS, FORTIFICATIONS, PIERS, AND OTHER STRUCTURES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Douglas at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd
September 1872..
I, WILLIAM DOUGLAS, of 5, Pearson St. Battersea, Surrey, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF CONCRETE BLOCKS FOR BUILDING PURPOSES, CONSTRUCTION OF
SEA WALLS, FORTIFICATIONS, PIERS, AND OTHER STRUCTURES," to be as follows,
viz:-
The conversion of concrete or other artificial stone material into
hollow blocks, having on two or more of their faces dovetail shaped
projections, which I term tongues, and likewise dovetail shaped grooves
for the projections or tongues to fit into, and so according to the title be
lockfast when they are thus united together.
The advantages I claim for this Invention are cheapness, durability,
less weight, and of greater adaptability for constructing buildings than
any other material now in use. As will be seen from the Drawings which
accompany this Specification the blocks can be made of any form or con-
figuration that was needed.

page_text: The hollow parts may be either circular, semicircular, or square; while
the tongues and grooves may be either dovetail, semicircular, or of any
shape, which being narrower at the neck or point of junction causes the
blocks when united together to be secure or lockfastly fixed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERS FOR BOTTLES & JARS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry May at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th March 1872.
I, WILLIAM HENRY MAY, of Icknield Street, East Birmingham, in
the County of Warwick, Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERS FOR BOTTLES & JARS," to
be as follows :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in stoppers for bottles
and jars. For this purpose I form a stopper from sheet metal stamped
into the form of a cylinder, closed at bottom and with a flange around
it at the top, thus, and around the cylinder I place a ring of cork,
which may be secured to it by any suitable cement. The top of the cylinder
may be closed by a cap or disc of metal placed over and fixed to it, the
edge of the disc being turned over and caused to clip the flange
which is at the top of the cylinder, or the interior of the cylinder may
be filled in with any suitable filling and covered over if desired with a
capsule of thin sheet metal, or the cap or cover may be of wood. In this
case I form the under side of the cap with an under cut groove running

page_text: around it, into which the flange of the cylinder which in the first
instance is left somewhat conical is inserted, and is afterwards flattened
down so that its edge extends below the under cut side of the groove
in the cap. The edge of the flange may also be serrated so that the
points of metal left between the serrations may enter into the wood,
and thereby obtain a firm hold.
In the case of large size stoppers I prefer for the sake of cheapness
that the rings of cork which are placed around the cylindrical portion of
the stopper should be formed from thin straight strips of cork cut from
flat sheets.
The sides of the metal cylinder may also be formed with small
corrugations running around them, to give a better hold for the cement
by which the cork is to be secured to them.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN TURNING BOWLING-GREEN BOWLS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Taylor at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th March
1872.
I, THOMAS TAYLOR, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN TURNING BOWLING-GREEN BOWLS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to improvements in turning bowls for bowling-
greens, and to an arrangement of apparatus for finishing the bowls after
they have been roughly turned in the usual manner. The mechanism
consists of a plate or disc of metal which is secured between the shears
of the turning lathe, and has fitted into its upper surface a ring of
metal provided on the under side with ratchet teeth gearing into a
ratchet pinion by means of which the ring may be made to turn through
an arc of a circle either in a right or left hand direction. To the upper
side of the ring an arm or bracket is fixed having at its upper extremity
a slide in which the tool holder and tool for finishing the bowls is
situated. In front of the arm or bracket and immediately underneath

page_text: the cutting edge of the tool a template with a curvature similar to that
required to be produced on the bowl being turned is fixed for the purpose
of guiding the tool in cutting the bowl.
In operating the machine the roughly cut bowl is fixed in the turning
lathe and caused to revolve, and the ring to which the bracket or arm 5
holding the finishing tool is fixed is moved through an arc from right
to left or from left to right through the intervention of the ratchet
pinion herein-before referred to, and the finishing tool is thus brought
to bear on and cut smooth the rough surface of the bowl.
IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO FIRE ESCAPES, DROP CURTAINS OF THEATRES AND OTHER BUILDINGS, FOR THE PURPOSE OF PRESERVING HUMAN LIFE AND PROPERTY FROM THE EFFECTS OF FIRE
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Racey and James
Young at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 16th February 1872.
We, GEORGE RACEY and JAMES YOUNG, both of Saint George's-in-
the-East, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO FIRE ESCAPES,
DROP CURTAINS OF THEATRES AND OTHER BUILDINGS, FOR THE PURPOSE OF
PRESERVING HUMAN LIFE AND PROPERTY FROM THE EFFECTS OF FIRE," to be as
follows:
This Invention consists in employing mineral fireproof or resisting
substances known as mica or talc, and also asbestos, in the construction
of fire escapes and drop curtains for the preservation of life and property
from the effects of fire, which we propose to effect in the following
manner:-
First as regards fire escapes, we propose to adapt mica or talc around
three sides of the escape, namely, that part that comes next to a
building on fire, and also to each side right and left of such said
part. The mica or talc we propose to connect together in small pieces
of about 4 inches square, for the sake of cheapness, by means of copper

page_text: rivets, the edges of the several pieces overlapping each other, and in this
manner we proceed to cover as much of the fire escape as is necessary
to protect it and also persons passing up and down it from being
injured by the flames.
And as regards drop curtains for theatres and other buildings we
propose to make them of pieces of mica or tale connected together as
above stated, using strips of thin sheet copper, where necessary, crosswise
of the curtain to strengthen it, and the edges of the said curtain we
propose to bind with leather or other pliable substance that will allow
the curtain to be rolled upon a roller. We would here remark that
in using asbestos instead of mica in and for fire escapes and drop
curtains we propose to have it woven in pieces of convenient size, and
join such pieces together in any suitable manner to form a fireproof or
resisting curtain. And this manner of employing asbestos applies also
to fire escapes in lieu of the mica or talc above described, but we prefer
the use of mica as being less expensive than asbestos.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE-SHOES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by François Lebacq at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
March 1872.
I, FRANÇOIS LEBACQ, of Laurie Terrace, No. 141, St. George's Road,
Southwark, in the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE-SHOES," to be as follows :-
Fig. 1st. The upper part of the horse-shoe intended to be nailed to the.
foot with the channelings on both extremities as far as the quarter. The
channelings may in certain cases be continued all round the shoe.
Fig. 2nd. End of a shoe with one long oblique channeling going from
behind to the internal rim and finishing at the external rim to the
quarters.
Fig. 3rd. End of a shoe with parallel channelings stopping on the
edge of the internal rim of the shoe without completely crossing the
same.
Fig. 4th. Profile of the Fig. 1st, with the channelings in the
thickness of the shoe.

page_text: Fig. 5th. Profile of the shoe, also with the channelings upon the
thickness of the shoe.
Fig. 6th. Shows the several forms of channelings which are intended
to be used as being adaptable to the shoe.
Fig. 7th. End of a shoe at its upper part with oblique channelings;
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING THE EDGES OF GRASS LAWNS, VERGES, AND OTHER PLACES, AND FOR COLLECTING THE GRASS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Sunley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st
March 1872.
I, JOHN SUNLEY, of Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES OR
APPARATUS FOR CUTTING THE EDGES OF GRASS LAWNS, VERGES, AND OTHER PLACES,
AND FOR COLLECTING THE GRASS," to be as follows:-
These improvements refer to apparatus consisting of a plain drum
revolving as it is pushed along and of a cutting apparatus arranged in
front of the drum.
The cutting apparatus consists of a revolving spindle with a star shaped
cutter thercon having, say, ten cutting blades arranged as rays with
both opposite edges arranged for cutting, so that when one set of edges
are blunt the star cutter may be reversed and the other set of cutting
edges brought into operation. The star cutter spindle may be raised or
lowered relatively with the framing in order to suit various heights
The star
of edges or the convenience of the operator as required.
cutter works against a fixed cutter or blade attached to the side of a

page_text: half circular collecting box or casing passing round the rear part of
the star cutter. The box for holding the grass is placed in front of
the star cutter and hung on a bar or bars fixed to the guiding handles.
The star cutter spindle is made to revolve quickly by means of a pinion
fixed on it and gearing by means of an intermediate pinion with a wheel
on the spindle of the travelling drum. The delivery of the cut grass
is effected by means of delivery blades attached to a boss fixed to the
cutter spindle or its pinion, by preference by means of stalks screwed
on wedged or keyed fitting into corresponding holes in or on the boss.
The delivery blades are fixed against the middle of the cutting blades.
The cut grass enters at the bottom of the half circular casing and is
thrown out at the top and into the box opposite. The apparatus has an
adjustable guide in front of the star cutter.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR CLEANING WOOL SKINS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Angus Stewart Macdiarmid at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 20th January 1872.
I, ANGUS STEWART MACDIARMID, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Wool Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR CLEANING WOOL SKINS," to be
as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to provide mechanism by which wool
skins, more particularly South American, Australian, and Cape sheep
and lamb skins, may be effectually freed from burrs, seeds, and foreign
matter. For that purpose I employ under one modifiation of my
Invention a rotating drum fitted on its periphery with knives or
beaters whose attacking surfaces are of a serrated, irregular, or
curvilinear outline, or with knives or beaters of the form described
alternating in any order with straight-edged knives or beaters.
Under another modification I employ two rotating drums, one fitted
wholly or partially with the said serrated, irregular, or curvilinear
edged knives or beaters, and the other with straight edged knives or
Úcaters.

page_text: The skins are by preference, when being acted upon by the said
machines fed and guided by hand either on a flat surface or over a
drum. The said drums are carried on standards or frames and made to
rotate by ordinary hand or power appliances.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CUPS, GLASSES, TANKARDS, SOUP BASINS, AND OTHER VESSELS USED FOR DRINKING PURPOSES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Leopold Newton and John
Theophilus Swallow at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 7th August 1872.
We, LEOPOLD NEWTON, of Birkenhead, in the County of Chester,
and. JOHN THEOPHILUS SWALLOW, of the City of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CUPS, GLASSES, TANKARDS, SOUP BASINS, AND OTHER
VESSELS USED FOR DRINKING PURPOSES," to be as follows:—
Our Invention relates to improvements in mustache cups, which
improvements we apply to cups, glasses, tankards, soup basins, and
other drinking vessels, and one modification of our Invention besides
attaining the object of the mustache cup (protecting the mustache when
drinking), serves also to keep liquors intended to be drunk hot from
cooling too rapidly, and by the same means prevents the admission of
extraneous matters to the liquor in the drinking vessel.
Our Invention consists in applying a shield to drinking vessels same.
as in the ordinary mustache-cup, but placed on a level-with-the edge
of the drinking vessel; and in forming a tubular orifice or mouth piece
.1°

page_text: oblong in cross section, upon the shield or cover at or near the edge
of the drinking vessel and at an oblique angle to its vertical axis. Or
we make an orifice or mouth piece in the side of the drinking vessel
just under the level of the under side of the shield or cover, the lower
side of the orifice having a short lip projecting from the side of the
vessel. The shield and orifice or mouth picce may be made solid with
the drinking vessel or detached therefrom to be removed and applied
at pleasure.
According to another modification of our Invention the drinking
vessel is covered entirely by a moveable lid which may be arranged 1
so as to be detached bodily or hinged so as to be lifted, and this lid is
made a tight fit by any ordinary means, or by interposing a lining of
cork, india-rubber, or other suitable material between the sides of the
lid and the vessel. This lid has one or more mouth picces formed as
herein-before explained, or by plain orifices in the lid close to the edge 1
of the vessel, and when desired covering plates are attached to the knob
of the lid on its under side, which are brought by slightly rotating the
knob so as to cover and close the orifices and thus keep in the heat, and
at the same time exclude extraneous matters.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN FLYERS FOR ROVING, SLUBBING, AND OTHER FRAMES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edmund Tweedale at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st
December 1872.
I, EDMUND TWEEDALE, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster,
Fitter, do hereby declare the nature of thc said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN FLYERS FOR ROVING, SLUBBING, AND OTHER FRAMES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to the construction of flyers used in roving,
slubbing, intermediate and jack frames, and has for its object the
prevention of the breaking of the sliver by the collecting of loose fibre
in the slit of the hollow or tubular leg of the flyer, and which accumu-
lation goes on until the sliver finally breaks; this I find is avoided by so
constructing the slit in the tubular leg that one edge overlaps the other
in the direction in which the flyer revolves, preserving about the usual
amount of opening between the two edges of the slit for the easy intro-
duction of the sliver into the hollow or tubular leg.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN COPYING PRESSES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henri Adrien Bonneville, of the British and
Foreign Patent Offices, 6, Piccadilly, in the County of Middlesex,
and 18, Rue de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, France, Patent Agent,
for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN COPYING PRESSES."-
A communication from Arthur Le Clercq, residing at New York,
States of New York, United States of America.
-
Sealed the 10th May 1872, and dated the 24th January 1872.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Henri Adrien Bonne-
ville at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition and Declaration, on the 24th January 1872, pursuant to
the 9th Section of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRI
ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices,
6, Piccadilly, in the County of Middlesex, and 18, Rue de la Chaussée
d'Antin, Paris, France, Patent Agent, send greeting.

page_text: 4hly. The case A provided with a feed opening and with a discharge
opening in combination with the rollers D, D', C, C¹, and tank F, sub-
stantially as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, have
hereto set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of January,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-two.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, have
hereto set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of January,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-two.
H. BONNEVILLE. (L.S.)
AN IMPROVED MODE OF JOINTING AND FASTENING TOGETHER THE ENDS OF THE RAILS OR BARS OF RAILWAYS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Thomas Hughes at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st October 1872.-A communication from abroad by Edward
Krochmann, of Mogilno, in the Kingdom of Prussia.
I, EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son,
Patent Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF JOINTING AND
FASTENING TOGETHER THE ENDS OF THE RAILS OR BARS OF RAILWAYS," a com-
munication to me from abroad by Edward Krochmann, of Mogilno,
in the Kingdom of Prussia, to be as follows :-
This Invention consists in the construction and employment of
a wrought or cast iron box or frame, of any desired length, and of
such width as to be capable of receiving between its vertical portions
the lower part of the rails, (the box being about eighteen inches long
when the ends of more than two rails are held in it, but about ten
inches when there is only one joint). Between the sides of the box
and the sides of the rails there are fish plates, or blocks, so formed as
to fill the spaces between the concave surfaces of the rails and the

page_text: sides of the box, and also allow room for the flanges of the wheels
to pass.
The upper part of each fish plate or block fits neatly against the
under surface of the head of the rail, thereby giving additional support;
and to maintain the parts in their proper positions there are bolts 5
passed through the box, fish plates, and web of the rail, the bolts
being kept in position by keys or nuts, and the holes in the rails are
made oblong to allow for the expansion and contraction consequent
upon the change of temperature.
AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN ARTICLES IN IMITATION OF CERAMIC WARE
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Menet, George Gally,
Jules Oswald, and Francis Peigner at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 23rd October
1872.
We, HENRY MENET, Sculptor, GEORGE GALLY, Architect, JULES
OSWALD, Engineer, and FRANCIS PEIGNER, Professor of Physics, all of
Howland Street, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR THE
MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN ARTICLES IN IMITATION OF CERAMIC WARE," to be as
follows, that is to say :—
This Invention consists in an improved composition or paste for the
manufacture of certain articles in imitation of ceramic ware, that is to
say, articles of ornamentation such as are now made with carton pierre
and papier maché.
The improved paste or composition consists of equal parts of glue,
whiting, papier maché, and rice water. The whole is thoroughly
macerated and mixed by means of a hot water bath; the paste thus
formed is then run into moulds to form the required articles. The
articles of paste thus formed are covered with one or several coats of a

page_text: white varnish composed of either white lead, zinc white, or silver white,
mixed with essence of turpentine, or of benzine and white copal varnish,
or the oil varnish of commerce. This coating being dry we apply
thereon in the cold state, three coats of white siccative varnish mado
with spirits of wine, which is left to harden during about twelve hours.
By these means we obtain an imitation of white earthenware. To
obtain tho imitation of coloured earthenware we grind and mix up with
the white siccative spirit varuish herein-before described the required
colours of commerce and apply this mixture in a similar manner on the
said first white varnish. This composition possesses the advantages
over carton pierre and papier maché of not being soluble in water, and
of not blistering or scaling from the effects of moisture.
Our improved composition is not affected by water. The varnish
which gives our composition the appearance of ceramic ware, possesses
the advantage of being applicable in the cold state and requires no
baking.
IMPROVEMENTS IN Apparatus FOR DAMPING, STIFFENING, OILING, AND COLOURING FABRICS, AND DAMPING, OILING, AND COLOURING FIBROUS MATERIALS, YARNS, AND PAPER
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Barraclough and
Thomas Critchley Barraclough at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 12th February 1872.
We, ARTHUR BARRACLOUGH, of Boys Mills, Halifax, in the County
of York, Woollen Manufacturer, and THOMAS CRITCHLEY BARRA-
CLOUGH, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN Apparatus
FOR DAMPING, STIFFENING, OILING, AND COLOURING FABRICS, AND DAMPING,
OILING, AND COLOURING FIBROUS MATERIALS, YARNS, AND PAPER," to be as
follows:-
:-
This Iuvention consists in further improvements upon the Invention
secured to the within-named Arthur Barraclough by former Letters
Patent bearing date the 24th day of February 1871, No. 495. In the
Specification of the said Patent an apparatus is described for damping,
stiffening, and oiling fabrics and fibrous materials by the application of
numerous jets of air issuing from a series of nozzles placed at an angle
to another series of nozzles connected to a cistern, containing the water,
stiffening liquor, or oil. Now our present Invention consists in effecting
the objects attained by the numerous jets above referred to by means of

page_text: a single jet of air issuing from a nozzle of a peculiar shape; the orifice
through which the air passes is a long narrow slot, and the passage
from the air pipe to the slot is gradually tapered to the angle required
for spreading and distributing the water, oil, or other liquid in the form
of spray on the fabric or fibrous material. The pipe to convey the
water, oil, or other liquid from the cistern may be round or flat, but
its orifice terminates in a long narrow slot of the same shape as that of
the air pipe.
Another part of our Invention consists in the application of the
nozzle of the peculiar shape above described, and the corresponding
supply pipe to spread and distribute colour on to fabrics, fibrous
materials, yarns, and paper.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BLINDS AND SHUTTERS FOR SHOP FRONTS, DWELLING HOUSES, AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ralph Slazenger Moss and
William James Crighton at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 14th October 1872.
We, RALPH SLAZENGER Moss and WILLIAM JAMES CRIGHTON,
both of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BLINDS AND SHUTTERS
FOR SHOP FRONTS, DWELLING HOUSES, AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be as
follows:-
Our Invention is applicable to those blinds or shutters which are
composed of sheets or plates of iron, steel, or other metal or material, and
it consists in an improved arrangement of machinery for raising and
lowering the same. The ends of the sheets of metal or other material
enter between grooves in the side frames, and near each frame there
is a vertical screw; these two screws are connected by a top shaft and
bevel gearing so that both screws turn round simultaneously; on each
screw is a screw nut, which nuts acts on studs projecting from the
lowest sheet or plate of metal or other material, and all the sheets or
plates are provided with ribs or angles to give the required strength; ¯

page_text: when the blinds or shutters are raised the plates are collected side by
side in a chamber or recess formed on the top of the window, and when
these improved blinds or shutters are applied to shops the plates are
collected behind the sign or name or facic board.
when the blinds or shutters are raised the plates are collected side by
side in a chamber or recess formed on the top of the window, and when
these improved blinds or shutters are applied to shops the plates are
collected behind the sign or name or facic board.
Instead of screws for raising the plates we also propose to raise them
by endless chains or other equivalents.
AN IMPROVED FASTENING for CIGAR CASES, HAND BAGS, OR OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry William Dee at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th January 1872.
I, HENRY WILLIAM DEE, of the Firm of H. W. and L. Dee, of
Sherwood Street, in the County of Middlesex, Manufacturers, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED FASTENING for
CIGAR CASES, HAND BAGS, OR OTHER ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
My Invention has reference to those fastenings which are opened by
pressing upon a spring plate by means of the thumb or finger, and my
object is to construct a fastening of this nature in such manner that it
can be conveniently opened or released whichever end of the cigar case
or other article happens to present itself. For this purpose I make the
fastening with two spring plates pointing respectively towards the two
ends of the frame of the cigar case or other article.
My Invention may be carried into effect as follows:-On one half of
the frame is a small projection bevelled or chamfered on the inner edge,
and on the other half of the frame is a spring plate pivoted at about its

page_text: centre between a pair of cheeks and arranged longitudinally in relation
to the frame. One end of this spring plate forms a catch which catches
on to the projection before named when the frame is closed, and the
other or outer end of the spring plate forms a thumb piece to be pressed
down when required in order to release the fastening. Forming a
continuation of this spring plate and attached to either half of the frame
is another spring plate similarly constructed and fitted except that
its inner end is not formed to catch on to the projection but to take
under the inner end of the first named spring plate. To open the
fastening, if the first named spring plate happens to present itself, it is
pressed down by its thumb piece, and its other end is thus lifted and
released from the projection, the other spring plate not moving. If on
the other hand this other spring plate presents itself, it is pressed down
in like manner, so that its inner end being lifted raises the first named
spring plate clear of the projection.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF A SUBSTITUTE FOR ANIMAL CHARCOAL TO BE USED FOR PURIFYING SEWAGE AND VARIOUS OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Robey at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th July.
1872.
I, JAMES ROBEY, of the City of Manchester, Sugar Refiner, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF A SUBSTITUTE FOR ANIMAL CHARCOAL TO BE USED FOR PURIFYING
SEWAGE AND VARIOUS OTHER SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
In the purification of sewage by what is termed the precipitating
process it is the practice to pass the sewage into a tank or reservoir
where certain coagulating chemical agents are mixed with such sewage,
and then the whole is allowed to stand for some hours until the solid
impurities contained in the sewage, together with the precipitant, have
settled to the bottom. The supernatant liquid is then drawn off, leaving
the solid matter, technically called sludge, at the bottom of the tank
or reservoir. I take the sludge or precipitate as produced by the Native
Guano Company, Limited, when working according to either of the
two Patents granted to Messrs. Sillar and Wigner, bearing date the 15th
June 1868, No. 1954, and to W. Wigner bearing date the 12th May

page_text: 1870, No. 1354, in both of which Patents clay is the principal precipitant,
or I take the sewage precipitate or sludge produced by other sewage
precipitating processes in which clay is used in about the proportion
stated in either of the said Patents, and after drying such sludge I
charr the same in closed vessels at a red heat, the mode usually adopted
in animal charcoal manufactories may be used, and thus I produce a
substitute for animal charcoal which can be used for purifying sewage
or the effluent waters from sewage purifying processes, and which sub-
-stitute for animal charcoal has a considerable power of absorbing free
or albumenoid ammonia from substances filtered through it.
I also produce a similar substitute for animal charcoal and having
similar properties by taking the refuse carbonaceous matter produced
in prussiate of potash manufactories and mixing it with common clay
in the proportions by weight of about two of clay to one of such refuse,
both by preference in a wet state; this mixture I dry, and then calcine
it in closed vessels, as before described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON AND STEEL AND APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Imray at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th May
1872. A communication from abroad by Thomas Schoenberger
Blair, of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, in the United States of America.
I, JOHN IMRAY, of No. 20, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON AND STEEL AND
APPARATUS THEREFOR," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to reducing iron oxides to metallic iron sponge
by contact with carbon, to apparatus for effecting such reduction, and
to converting the sponge into cast or wrought iron or steel. For this
purpose retorts open at the ends are arranged so that the material
treated shall itself form a packing to exclude air from the interior.
Certain portions of the retorts are heated, and other portions are
cooled (by the application of water externally), so as to form zones of
reduction and of cooling within the retorts.
The materials to be operated on are first passed through heated
channels so arranged that every part of the material is close to the

page_text: heating surface, and when the materials are sufficiently heated they are
introduced into the retorts. The communication from the heating
channels to the retorts is guarded by sliding tables or sleeves to prevent
access of air to the heated material as it enters the retorts. The
material after being passed through the reducing and cooling zones of
the retorts is discharged as a metallic iron sponge nearly free from
oxygen. This sponge is converted into cast iron by carburising and
melting in a cupola. It is converted into wrought iron by mixing it.
with molten pig iron and puddling the mixture, or it may be worked
as scrap iron.
For producing crucible steel, the sponge while hot
is compressed to the density required; and steel is produced in an
open furnace by charging the sponge either cold or heated into a bath
of molten pig. In these operations fluxing materials are employed
suitable for forming a glass or slag by combination with the impurities
of the sponge, thereby cleansing the iron and forming a protecting
coating for its particles.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RESTORING HEAT TO STEAM BOILER OR OTHER FURNACES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Archibald McKenzie at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th June 1872.
I, ARCHIBALD MCKENZIE, of the Town and County of Renfrew,
North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN RESTORING HEAT TO STEAM BOILER OR OTHER FURNACES," to
be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention, which relates to improvements in restoring heat to
steam boiler or other furnaces, consists of a number of air passages or
tubes whose outer ends terminate outside the ends of the flues, the
passages traversing backwards and forwards throughout the length of
the same, from the front to the rear part of the boiler or furnace, and
finally conducted at the back of the boiler or furnace into a tube or
tubes, which leads or lead to the bridge of the fire-box or furnace proper.
This bridge is constructed with an air passage which passes up at the
back of the fire-box. The cold air enters the outer end of the air
passages, and by traversing through the same becomes heated so that
it is conducted as hot air through the passage or passages, tube or tubes,
to the air passage formed in the bridge, and passing up the same comes

page_text: in contact with the unburnt gases and smoke, thereby igniting and
consuming the same, by means of which a great saving is effected in
fuel. A sliding door or its equivalent is provided at the entrance to the
air passages by means of which the amount of air can be regulated as
required. In some cases the surfaces of the passages may be formed of
corrugated bricks,
IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLING WIRE AND OTHER RODS OR BARS OF METAL
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Bedson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
December 1872.
I, GEORGE BEDSON, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Manager of Ironworks, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLING WIRE AND OTHER RODS OR BARS OF
METAL," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to improvements upon that arrangement for
which Letters Patent were granted to me, dated 2nd July 1862, No. 1935.
According to the Specification thereof the metal was rolled from one
form to another in one case without being turned, the axes of alternate
"rolls" being placed at right angles to each other, and in the other case
spiral guides were employed to turn the metal. I still adopt either of
these plans but modify the rolling so as to avoid the use of the oval
section shewn and described as leading to the finished round. For this
purpose I place before the round "rolls" one or more pairs of "rolls"

page_text: formed with grooves which are partially circular, and which gradually
work the corners of the metal from a lozenge or rectangular form to the
desired round, and I find that by this arrangement labour of less skill
may be employed in working the machine.
A NEW OR IMPROVED VALVE FOR HYDRAULIC AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Pashley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th
March 1872.
I, GEORGE PASHLEY, of Sheffield, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED VALVE
FOR HYDRAULIC AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:
—
The seat of the valve has a flat face with two, three, or more openings
by preference of an oblong form; each of these openings communicates
with its inlet, outlet, or other passages, as the case may be. The valve.
works with its corresponding flat face in or against the face of the seat,
and has one or more recesses in the face of such a shape and size as to
cause communication between two of the openings on the face of the
seat when placed in the proper position over them. By turning the
valve in a rotary or oscillating manner the various openings and passages
on the valve seat are brought into communication with or shut off from
each other as required. Valve and seat are kept in a central position
with one another by means of a central guide on one fitting into a
corresponding central hole in the other. The valve is enclosed in a
suitable casing with stuffing box and gland,
and to prevent the pressure

page_text: of water from the inlet forcing the valve off its seat a small hole leads
from the inlet passage below the valve seating to casing enclosing the
valve, thereby ensuring a uniform pressure on the top of the valve.
For hydraulic cylinders the above described valve may be arranged
as follows: The valve seat has four oblong holes at right angles to
each other, and corresponding passages communicating with them and
forming respectively the inlet and outlet passage and the passage to
each end of the cylinder.
Valves constructed and arranged according to my Invention are not
liable to leak whether the pressure be high or low and require little or
no repairs, as if properly fitted at first the valve will wear itself to the
seating and will remain tight until the valve itself is worn out.
AN IMPROVED MODE AND MEANS OF REGISTERING THE NUMBER OF VEHICLES OR PASSENGERS ON FOOT PASSING OVER A BRIDGE OR THROUGH OR ACROSS ANY PUBLIC OR PRIVATE THOROUGHFARE, AND THE NUMBER OF PERSONS ENTERING OR LEAVING ANY VEHICLE OR BUILDING OR PLACE OF PUBLIC AMUSEMENT
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edmond Bainbridge at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
December 1872.
I, EDMOND BAINBRIDGE, R. A., of Waltham Cross, in the County of
Hertford, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED MODE AND MEANS OF REGISTERING THE NUMBER OF VEHICLES OR
PASSENGERS ON FOOT PASSING OVER A BRIDGE OR THROUGH OR ACROSS ANY PUBLIC OR
PRIVATE THOROUGHFARE, AND THE NUMBER OF PERSONS ENTERING OR LEAVING ANY
VEHICLE OR BUILDING OR PLACE OF PUBLIC AMUSEMENT," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of a particular and improved self-acting appa-
ratus for the purpose of registering or recording the passage of vehicles
over or across any bridge or through any public or private street or
thoroughfare. By means of springs, levers, and connecting rods, the
movement of a yielding plate or platform which is placed level with the
surface of the roadway or nearly so is communicated to a pointer or
marker, and the said pointer or marker registers or records by punctures
or perforations upon a strip or band of paper, the movement of the plate
and the passage of the vehicle or person over it, The punctures or per-

page_text: forations are made at different distances from each other on the strip or
band of paper in order that the passage of a vehicle with four, six, or
more wheels can be readily distinguished from that of a vehicle with two
wheels.
The strip of paper is set in motion by a species of clockwork which is
not itself continually in motion but is so constructed that it is set in
motion by the movement of the yielding plate or platform before the
pointer makes the perforation on the paper. By this arrangement no
part of the apparatus is set in motion until it is actually required to
register, and a comparatively small length of paper is sufficient to record
of a large number of vehicles or individuals.
I also propose
passage
to apply my Invention to the registering of the number of sacks, bales,
boxes, casks, or parcels of goods which may be sent out from or received
into any shop, magazine, store, warehouse, or other building.
the
IMPROVED HYDROSTATIC GOVERNORS FOR MARINE ENGINES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Gray at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
October 1872.
I, EDWARD GRAY, of Colesberg-Kop, in Africa, but at present
residing in Kirkcaldy, in the County of Fife, North Britain, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVED HYDROSTATIC
GOVERNORS FOR MARINE ENGINES," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to improvements in the arrangement or con-
struction of that class of governors adapted for regulating the supply of
steam to marine engines, wherein the necessary motion to effect the
opening or shutting of the throttle valve is obtained by the rising and
falling of a body in a tube placed at or near to the stern of the ship, the
position of which body in the tube is caused to correspond at any moment
with the depth of immersion of the screw propeller, and thus regulating
the admission of steam to the engine maintains a constant speed, thereby
preventing." racing.
"

page_text: piston fitted to work in the tube. When the stern is deep in the water
the piston is raised, and it is depressed when the stern rises out of the
water by the action of a spring or weight. The rod of the piston is
connected directly to the throttle valve lever.,