Improved Apparatus for Working the Screws of Cogging and Rolling Mill Rolls.
Year: 1886

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Working the Screws of Cogging and
Rolling Mill Rolls.
1 LEWIS RICHARDS of 13 Charlotte Street Dowlais in the County of Glamorgan
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to improvements in the mode of working the screws for
lowering and raising the top roller in such a way that desired draught may be
put upon the work to be passed between the rollers.
any
In the presont hydraulic arrangement of rack and pinion wheel or segment of
wheel and pinion the top roller can only be moved downwards to the extent of
the stroke of the piston in the hydraulic cylinder connected to the rack &c. and
the corresponding action of the racks on the pinions formed in one with or fastened
upon the screw spindles, the returning stroke bringing the screws and the roller
back to the original position and the work being brought down to the required
thickness by passing it through a number of grooves in succession.
My improved method of working the screws consists of an arrangement of pinion
and clutches upon the screw spindles forming a clutch arrangement which may be put
into and out of gear by means of springs levers and balanced weights or pistons in
cylinders worked by hydraulic pressure or by elastic fluids under pressure and other
cylinder or cylinders having their pistons connected with the racks wheels or segments
of wheels which gear into the pinions on the screw spindles to give the screws the
necessary motion.
The pinions on the screw spindles have claws upon them at each end answering to
corresponding claws upon clutches which are fitted in such a way as to be capable of
sliding easily upon the screw spindles but are to turn round together. When these
clutches are disengaged the pinions are left free so as to be capable of turning
independently on the screw spindles. The clutches are arranged so as to be moved
together and there is left enough room for each pair of clutches to be out together
when the pinions are required to turn independently of the screws.

page_text: The top roller is fitted into the standards or housings so as to be capable of being
easily moved up and down as required. This roller is also counterbalanced so as to
overcome its weight, appendages, and friction and to lift it directly the pressure of the
screws is removed. In order to close or lower the top roller the racks &c. and
pinions are moved in the direction of slackening or upward motion of the screws. As
soon as this is done, the clutches at the ends of the pinions which answer for working
the screws downwards are engaged and the pressure is turned on at the right ends of
the rack cylinders and the required motion is given to the racks to lower the top
roller. This being done once or more according to the amount of draught which
is desired the work is passed between the rollers. The above operation is repeated
until the work is brought down to the required thickness. The backs of the claws
are so formed that they will only turn the screws in the respective right directions.
When the racks are moved so as to turn the pinions in the contrary directions the
clutches will disengage themselves and the screws will be left undisturbed. The
operation of opening or raising the top roller will be just the reverse of lowering
and will be repeated until the roller is brought to its original position ready for
operating upon the next piece of work. The work may be brought down to thickness
as described above by operating upon it in one or more grooves.
The number of claws upon the clutches may be varied to suit requirements. A
modification of the arrangement with ratchets instead of clutch motion may be
adopted.

page_text: WEI EPIE
Improved Apparatus for Working the Screws of Cogging and
Rolling Mill Rolls.
I LEWIS RICHARDS of 13 Charlotte Street Dowlais in the County of Glamorgan
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My Invention relates to improvements in the mode of working the screws for
lowering and raising the top roller in such a way that any desired draught can be put
upon the work to be passed between the rollers."
In the present hydraulic arrangement of rack and pinion wheel or segment of
wheel and pinion the top roller can only be moved downwards to the extent of the
stroke of the piston in the hydraulic cylinder connected to the rack &c. and the
corresponding action of the racks on the pinions formed in one with or fastened upon
the screw spindles, the returning stroke bringing the screws and the roller back to the
original position and the work being brought down to the required thickness by passing
it through a number of grooves in succession.
My improved method of working the screws consists of an arrangement of pinion
and clutches upon the screw spindles forming a clutch arrangement which may be put
into and out of gear by means of springs levers and balanced weights or pistons in
cylinders worked by hydraulic pressure or by elastic fluids under pressure and other
cylinder or cylinders having their pistons connected with the racks wheels or segments
of wheels which gear into the pinions on the screw spindles to give the screws the
necessary motion.
The pinions on the screw spindles have claws upon them at each end answering to
corresponding claws upon clutches which are fitted in such a way as to be capable of
sliding easily upon the screw spindles but are to turn round together. When these
clutches are disengaged the pinions are left free so as to be capable of turning
independently on the screw spindles.-The clutches are arranged so as to be moved.
together and there is left enough room for cach pair of clutches to be out together
when the pinions are required to turn independently of the screws.
The top roller is fitted into the standards or housings so as to be capable of being
easily moved up and down as required. This roller is also counterbalanced so as to
overcome its weight, appendages and friction and to lift it directly the pressure of the
screws is removed.
In order to close or lower the top roller the racks &c. and pinion.
are moved in the direction of slackening or upward motion of the screws. As soor.
as this is done, the clutches at the ends of the pinions which answer for working the
screws downwards are engaged and the pressure is turned on at the right ends of the
rack cylinders and the required motion is given to the racks to lower the top roller.
This being done once or more according to the amount of draught which is desired
the work is passed between the rollers.-The above operation is repeated until the
work is brought down to the required thickness.-The travel of the rack is regulated

page_text: by means of a bar fixed thereto furnished with moveable tappets adjusted as required
by means of levers and notched guards.--The backs of the claws are so formed that
they will only turn the screws in the respective right directions. When the racks are
moved so as to turn the pinions in the contrary directions the clutches will disengage
themselves and the screws will be left undisturbed. The operation of opening or
raising the top roller will be just the reverse of lowering and will be repeated until
the roller is brought to its original position ready for operating upon the next piece
of work. The work may be brought down to thickness as described above by operating
upon it in one or more grooves.
The number of claws upon the clutches may be varied to suit requirements. A
modification of the arrangement with ratchets instead of clutch motion may be adopted
and is hereinafter described.
In order that my Invention may be fully understood I will proceed to describe it
more particularly by the aid of the accompanying drawings in which are represented
the apparatus and modification thereof above referred to.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
In Sheet Fig. 1 is an end elevation and Fig. 2 a plan or horizontal view of the
apparatus and in Sheet 2 Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the same.
In Sheet 3 Fig. 4 is an end elevation and Fig. 5 a plan or horizontal view of the
modification above referred to and in Sheet 4 Fig. 6 is a front elevation of the same.
In Figures 1. 2 and 3 A A are the screws for lowering and raising the top roller,
B is the hydraulic cylinder containing a piston for working the rack. C is the rack D
the rack pinion EE the clutches F F the hydraulic cylinders for working the
clutches G the top roller H H the roller housings I rod carrying moveable
tappets J. J. moveable tappets, K K notched guards L handle for working valve of
hydraulic cylinder B. M M levers for moving tappets J. J. as required. O valve
chest for cylinder B. N weigh shaft.
The roller G is lowered as required by first putting the clutches E E into gear by
means of the hydraulic cylinders F F and afterwards by means of the hydraulic
cylinder B giving the rack Ċ the requisite amount of travel as regulated by the position
of the tappets J J on the bar I. This bar I is fixed to the rack and travels with it.
On the bar I are also placed the moveable tappets J. J. which are to be moved and
fixed as required by the levers M M working between the notched guards K which
are also connected to the bar I. The tappets J. J. are intended to strike against a pin
on the lever L and move the valve of the hydraulic cylinder B so as to shut off the
pressure and stop the piston from travelling further. The respective positions of the
tappets determine the travel of the piston (in the cylinder B) and the rack C together
with the screws.
In Figures 4. 5 and 6 is shewn the modification hereinbefore referred to consisting of
a ratchet arrangement for giving motion to the screws, in substitution for the
clutches E E and hydraulic cylinders F F. In this case A A are the roll screws B
the hydraulic cylinder C the rack D rack pinion E ratchet wheel G top roller H H
roller-housings I rod carrying moveable tappets J. J. moveable tappets K K notched
guards Lhandle for working valve of hydraulic cylinder B. M M levers for moving
tappets, N weigh shaft, O valve chest of cylinder B, P.P wheels for connecting roll
screws A A. R R screw nuts. S ratchet pawl T pin for throwing pawl to either
side of ratchet wheel.
The pinion D with its disc as shewn is fitted so as to turn loose upon the screw A.
The ratchet wheel E is also fitted in the same way but has feathers fixed in it which fit
into grooves in the screw so that the latter may slide through it but they must both
turn together. The ratchet pawl S is placed on a pin in the disc of the pinion D with
springs for pressing it to the ratchet wheel. This pawl is double with its two arms
(shown by dotted lines in Fig. 5) on different planes in order to engage with the teeth
on either side of the ratchet wheel E as required.

page_text: With this arrangement as with the clutch it will be seen that the screws can be
moved repeatedly until the top roller G is brought down to the extent required for
drawing down the work that has to be passed between the rollers. This operation is
repeated until the work is reduced to the thickness desired. In order to open or raise
the roller the ratchet pawl S is thrown in on the other side of the ratchet wheel E
which has notches suited for turning the screws in the contrary direction the rack C
being set in motion as before by means of the wedge-shaped projection on the back
part of the pawl S. The pawl has also a projecting piece placed above the one just
mentioned which is intended to strike during its travel against the nipple or pin T the
latter being lowered by means of the lever Ű and hand rod V when the pawl is to be
thrown from one side of the ratchet wheel to the other.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
First. The improved method of working the screws by means of the clutch arrange-
ment represented in Figures 1. 2 and 3 substantially as described.
Secondly. The arrangement for regulating the travel of the rack by means of
moveable tappets and the parts connected therewith in the manner substantially as
described.
And lastly. The modification of the apparatus shown in Figures 4. 5 and 6 whereby
the screws are worked by means of a ratchet arrangement (instead of the clutch
arrangement) substantially as described.