Improvements in Paper Pulp Refining Engines.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Jan., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 19th Oct., 1897-Accepted, 19th Jan., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Paper Pulp Refining Engines.
We, DAVID PEARSON, of Shotley Grove, Shotley Bridge, in the County of Durham,
Manager, and DAVID NOBLE BERTRAM, of the Firm of Bertrams Limited, of St.
Katherine's Works, Sciennes, Edinburgh, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of our said invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to paper pulp refining Engines, and refers more particularly
to the refining engine forming the subject matter of Letters Patent, No. 11,956 A.D.
1893, and our invention consists essentially in means for enabling the discs-stationary
and revolving to be adjusted independently of each other, and thereby permit of their
being set to suit the exigencies of different conditions of working, and to allow for the
more even wear and tear of the cutter bars.
In accordance with our invention, we arrange for the shaft of the revolving disc to
be capable of moving endwise in its bearings, and at that end, which lies nearest the
open end of the working cylinder, or is nearest the moving disc, we form or provide a
"thrust block," comprising a series of flanges or rings on, or in, the said shaft and a
surrounding "block" or casing lined with anti-friction, or other suitable metal having
grooves corresponding to, and for the reception of the aforesaid rings. This block is
prevented revolving by an arm depending from its underside and engaging loosely
with a fixed guide rod running parallel with the shaft.
To the forward end of the "block" we couple the rear extremity of a spindle, which
passes forward through a sleeve or tubular shaft mounted in the front end bearing of
the engine, and which spindle is screw threaded on its exterior to engage with said
sleeve, and carries a suitable operating hand wheel. The said sleeve or tubular shaft
is also screw threaded, and carries an operating hand-wheel by which it can be
traversed to and fro through a suitable screw threaded bush in the aforesaid bearing,
and mounted upon the extremity of said sleeve is the cross-head (described in our
former specification) for operating the sliding cutter disc.
This latter (cross-head) by the movement of the said sleeve through its bush is
readily adjusted, and with it the front stationary disc. The said regulating spindle
and the sleeve are respectively provided with a lock nut.
By the operation of the foregoing mechanism the revolving cutter disc and the
front stationary disc may each be adjusted independently of the other, the said spindle
and "thrust "block serving to adjust the revolving disc, and the tubular shaft and
cross head serving to operate the end disc.
In lieu of the aforesaid compound arrangement or regulating mechanism we may
form the casing or working cylinder with both its ends loose and free to slide in or out,
and connect the hitherto fixed end with a cross-head, carried by the central shaft and
connected in turn to the extremities of two rods, which run along side the engine in
suitable supports, and are parallel therewith, and which at their opposite extremities
are connected with a further cross-head operated by a screw threaded spindle and
hand-wheel. The operation of this latter causes the rear disc to move in and out of
the cylinder, and therefore to, or from, the revolving disc.

page_text: The front disc is adjusted as heretofore by a cross-head and screw threaded spindle.
and in such way the independent adjustment of the several discs is effected..
In this latter modification the shaft would be fitted with collars to prevent any
lateral, or end motion of the revolving disc,-the two stationary discs only being
allowed to move endways.
Dated this 11th dow of Lanuary 1906
Improvements in Paper Pulp Kenning Engines.
We, DAVID PEARSON, of Shotley Grove, Shotley Bridge, in the County of Durham,
Manager, and DAVID NOBLE BERTRAM, of the Firm of Bertrams, Limited, of St.
Katherine's Works, Sciennes, Edinburgh, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
our said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our invention relates to paper pulp refining engines, and refers more particularly
to the refining engine forming the subject of Letters Patent No. 11956 A.D. 1893,
and our invention consists essentially in means for enabling the discs (stationary and
revolving) to be adjusted independently of each other, and thus permit of their
being set to suit the exigencies of different conditions of working, and to allow for
the more even wear and tear of the cutter bars.
In accordance with our invention, we arrange for the shaft of the revolving disc to
be capable of moving endwise in its bearings, and at that end which lies nearest the
hitherto open end of the working cylinder, or is nearest the moving end, we form or
provide a "thrust block," comprising a series of flanges or rings on, or in, the said
shaft, and a surrounding block or casing (lined with anti-friction, or other suitable
metal) having grooves corresponding to, and for the reception of, the aforesaid rings.
This thrust block" is prevented revolving by an arm depending from its underside,
and engaging loosely with a fixed guide rod running parallel with the shaft.
To the forward end of the " block we couple the extremity of a spindle which
passes forward through a sleeve or tubular shaft, mounted in the front end bearing
of the engine, and which spindle is screw-threaded on its exterior to engage with
said sleeve, and carries a suitable operating hand-wheel. The said sleeve or tubular
shaft is also screw-threaded, and also carries an operating hand-wheel by which it can
be traversed to-and-fro through a suitable screw-threaded bush in the aforesaid
bearing, and mounted upon the extremity of said sleeve is the cross-head (described
in our former Specification) for operating the sliding cutter disc. This latter (cross-
head) by the movement of the said sleeve, through its bush is readily adjusted, and
with it the front stationary disc.
In lieu of the aforesaid compound arrangement of regulating mechanism, we may
form the casing or working cylinder with both its ends loose and free to slide in or
out, and connect the hitherto fixed end or cutter disc to a cross-head, carried by the
central shaft and connected in turn to the extremities of two rods, which run
alongside the engine in suitable supports, and are parallel therewith, and which at
their opposite extremities are connected with a further cross-head operated by a
screw-threaded spindle and hand-wheel. The operation of this latter causes the rear
disc to move in and out of the cylinder, and therefore to, or from, the revolving disc.
The front disc is adjusted as heretofore by a cross-head and screw-threaded spindle,
and in such way the independent adjustment of the several discs is effected.

page_text: And in order that our said invention may be inore readily understood and carried
into practical effect, we have hereunto annexed 2 sheets of drawings, shewing the
respective applications of our invention and will now proceed to describe the same
with the figures and letters of reference marked thereon.
On Sheet one, Fig. 1 illustrates a longitudinal section, and Fig. 2 a plan of our
improved paper pulp refining engine.
On Sheet two, Fig. 3 shews a plan of an alternative application of our invention.
Referring to Sheet one, (A) is the working cylinder, mounted upon base (B), and
comprising the central revolving disc (C) and stationary (not revolving) end discs (C¹)
and (2) as in our former Specification. Upon the driving shaft (D), or connected to
it, is the "thrust block" (E), and connected to said block is the extremity of
spindle (F). This spindle passes through a sleeve (G) carried in bearings (H), and
both spindle and sleeve are exteriorly screw-threaded, so that both can be traversed
to-and-fro.
The sleeve (G) is connected to the cross-head (I) which in turn is connected
to the movable end disc (C¹), and when the sleeve is rotated by the hand wheel (J),
it serves, by engagement with the nut or screwed bush at (K), to move the cross-head
to-and-fro, and with it the end disc (C¹), and thereby regulate the distance of such
disc from disc (C).
-
When so adjusted the sleeve is locked by the nut (L).
When the spindle (F) is rotated by means of hand wheel (M) an endwise thrust,
or pull, is imparted to the shaft (D), and such shaft. being capable of sliding in its
bearings, moves forward and carrying the disc (C) causes the latter to approach or
recede from, the fixed disc (C2), and to move away from the disc (C¹) and thus
permit of any degree of contact or approach between the respective cutters.
spindle is also provided with a lock nut (0), to secure the parts in position after
adjustment and the "thrust block" (E) is prevented rotating by pendant (E¹)
engaging loosely with rod (E2).
This
Referring to Sheet 2, and in accordance with a modified arrangement, we make
both ends of the working cylinder loose and capable of sliding in and out, and to the
end (C) we connect a cross-head (P) carried on shaft (N), to which in turn is
connected the rods (Q) extending alongside the engine, and secured to the cross-head (R),
carried by the spindle (S) screwing through bearing (T). To the end (C³) we
connect the cross-head (U) carried by the spindle (V) screwing through the
bearing (W).
By such arrangements we permit of the two ends (C³) and (C4) being indepen-
dently adjusted in relation to the revolving disc (C3), as by rotating screw (S) by means
of hand wheel (S¹) the cross-head (R) is moved to-and-fro and with it the rods (Q)
cross-head (P), and end (C) is moved into or out of the working cylinder. Similarly,
by rotating screw (V) by means of hand wheel (V') the cross-head and end disc (C³)
are moved to-and-fro.
The driving shaft (N) extends through both ends (C³) and (C) of the cylinder, and
the disc (C) is incapable of endwise movement. The shaft is provided with a "thrust
block" (N) formed and mounted in a similar manner to the thrust block (E).
Whilst we prefer the double adjustment shewn in Figs. 1 and 2 we may employ
one only, i.e., the spindle (F), or the sleeve (G) with means to accommodate the
variation.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
ion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim'is:-
1: A paper pulp refining engine with working cylinder comprising one or two
liding ends carrying cutter bars relatively adjustable to a central disc, or a cylinder
with one end adjustable and the other end fixed and comprising a revolving cutter
lisc also adjustable and capable of approaching or receding from one or other of the
aid cylinder ends as set forth.
2 For regulating or adjusting the cutters of a paper pulp refining engine, the

page_text: use therewith of cross-head (I) and sleeve (G), separate, or in combination with
spindle (F) and thrust block (E) as set forth.
3 For regulating or adjusting the cutters of a paper pulp refining engine, the
use therewith of cross-head (P), rods (Q) and screw (S), separate or in combina-
tion with spindle (V), and cross-head (U), as set forth.
DAVID PEARSON.
DAVID NOBLE BERTRAM.
By John G. Wilson & Co.,
Manchester Agents.