IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNAMENTING AND DECORATING METALS, GLASS, PORCELAIN, PARCHMENT, AND OTHER SKINS, AND IN THE MATERIALS AND INGREDIENTS EMPLOYED THEREFOR, ALSO IN PROTECTING SILVER AND GOLD ON SAID MATERIALS, AND ON SURFACES OR PLATES OF GLASS OR METAL, OR PLATES OF GLASS AND METAL COMBINED, APPLICABLE TO WORKS OF ART, FURNITURE, JEWELLERY, AND ARTICLES OF A USEFUL AND ORNAMENTAL CHARACTER
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Wilkinson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th January
1862.
I, WILLIAM WILKINSON, of No. 20, Charlotte Street, Fitzroy Square, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNAMENTING AND DECORATING METALS, GLASS,
PORCELAIN, PARCHMENT, AND OTHER SKINS, AND IN THE MATERIALS AND INGREDIENTS
EMPLOYED THEREFOR, ALSO IN PROTECTING SILVER AND GOLD ON SAID MATERIALS,
AND ON SURFACES OR PLATES OF GLASS OR METAL, OR PLATES OF GLASS AND METAL
COMBINED, APPLICABLE TO WORKS OF ART, FURNITURE, JEWELLERY, AND
ARTICLES OF A USEFUL AND ORNAMENTAL CHARACTER," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists, first, of an improved mode of protecting on or
between sheets of glass, or on metals, figured designs, pictures, prints,:
engravings, textile or woven fabrics, lace, woven wire, or wire gauze, either
embroidered or plain, or if necessary gilded or silvered or otherwise ornamented,
and rendered transparent or not according to the purpose for which it is
designed.
Secondly, in gilding or silvering or applying other metals to designs on
paper and other fabrics and materials, by printing same in a lithographic or
other suitable press or by other means, and further in ornamenting the paper
and other fabric and materials with suitable dye colors or inks so as to produce
an ornamental design, protected by being placed upon or between plates of

page_text: glass, or glass and metal combined, and when thus ornamented is well adapted
for pictures, windows, window blinds, pannellings to rooms, doors, ceilings,
cornices, cornice poles for curtains, double-sided fire screens, mantel-pieces,
and for ornamenting floors by fixing the ornamented glass in suitable metal
'or wood frames, or otherwise according to the purpose for which it is required.
The means by which these improvements may be effected are as follows:-
I take the design, and having stretched or placed it upon a sheet of glass (and
supposing the design to be gilded or silvered), I proceed to brush the face of
the picture or design with a transparent cement composed of gum arabic, white
wax, coloring matters, and linseed or olive oil, the proportions varying accord-
ing to circumstances. Having done this I take another sheet of glass of
corresponding size to the former sheet, and brush it over on one side with
boiled or raw linseed oil, I then remove the design and place it on the prepared
side of this sheet of glass, and subject it to gentle pressure, having done this I
proceed to brush over the back of the picture or engraving with boiled or raw
linseed or olive oil, which has the effect of rendering the picture visible on the
back thereof. I then proceed to protect the design from the action of the
atmosphere by coating the margin of each sheet of glass with a strong opaque
paint, which when dry, I coat with a cement composed of white and red lead,
Brunswick black, boiled oil, and copal varnish, or other suitable adhesive
substances. The two sheets of glass are then connected together, and the air
excluded or expressed from between them by gentle pressure. To protect
designs on single sheets of glass, I employ any ordinary waterproof varnish
or cement, which I spread all over the back of the picture or design; I also
propose in some cases to silver the back of the picture, after it has been
rendered transparent as before stated. I then coat the back of the silver with
paint, and when this is the case, one .glass only is required at the front of
the design or instead of silvering the back of the picture or design as above
stated, I propose to employ polished sheet metal, tin plate, for example. In
this
case
I fix the picture to the metal instead of to the glass, as before stated,
and simply place the glass in front, so that if broken the design will not be
destroyed.
This applies to the ornamenting of buttons and jewellery.
I also propose to make pictures and pannels from two pieces of glass.between
which the design is placed and secured as before. stated, the back glass being
prepared with a strong coating of opaque paint.
I now proceed to describe my improved method of protecting silver on glass,
used for looking glasses, as follows:-After the glass has been coated with
silver in the usual way, I cover same with a strong cement composed of white

page_text: and red lead, Brunswick black, boiled oil, and copal varnish, or other suitable
adhesive substances, and then stretch over same a strong waterproof fabric,
and cement same to the back of the glass; this fabric may be ornamented in
cases where the backs of glasses are exposed, as with swing glasses.
In adapting these improvements to textile or woven fabric or lace, I proceed
as follows:-1 stretch the fabric upon a sheet of glass, and connect it thereto
near the edges by a margin of opaque paint and cement, I then take another
sheet of glass of corresponding size to the former sheet, and cement the two
sheets together, as before stated; the fabric being between the two sheets of
glass thus ornamented, is well adapted for windows, as a substitute for muslin
curtains, which now require to be washed, but by this Invention wash-
ing is entirely dispensed with. Perforated paper, parchment, and other skins
may be employed in the same manner and for a similar purpose. To adapt
textile or woven fabrics, paper, parchment, lace, or other materials, gold, silver,
or other metals or alloys suitable for clock and watch dials, and other purposes,
the fabrics may be adapted thereto, as lastly above described.
Another mode of ornamenting glass relates to the stems of wine glasses,
pedestals for lamps, glass tubing, decanters, bottles, and stoppers, and other
articles in glass of similar character thereto. To effect this I proceed as fol-
lows: The said articles being formed hollow I stain the outside thereof of any
desired color, forming the pattern or ornament by removing parts of the color.
I then silver the inside thereof and protect the same with a waterproof
cement composed, by preference, of white and red lead, and Brunswick black,
mixed with suitable oils or varnishes. This Invention applies to the orna-
menting of dining and dessert services made of glass, or of glass and porcelain
combined.