Improvements in the Treating of Textile Fabrics or Materials for the Purpose of Filling or Weighting same.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Treating of Textile Fabrics or Materials for the
Purpose of Filling or Weighting same.
I, WILLIAM BROTHERS, of Beechwood, Prestwich, in the County of Lancaster,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the filling or weighting of textile fabrics and the
materials constituting same whereby the filling or weighting material will be
caused to incorporate itself more closely or more permanently in or with the
fabric than in the methods hitherto adopted.
It consists essentially in treating the textile fabric or material with a solution
of chloride of calcium and then with a solution of sulphate of sodium thereby
depositing directly upon or in the fibres a practically insoluble filling of sulphate
of lime or the process may be reversed by using the sulphate of sodium solution
first and then using the chloride of calcium solution.
In carrying out the invention I prepare solutions, preferably saturated, of
calcium chloride and sodium sulphate without however restricting myself to
the strength or density of such solutions.
In describing the process, I shall detail the modus operandi when using the
chloride of calcium solution first and then using the sulphate of sodium solution.
The cloth or fabric is first immersed in or saturated with the calcium chloride
solution for a few minutes and when removed therefrom it is preferably passed
through squeezing rollers or the like to remove excess of the liquid. It is then
immersed in or saturated with the sodium sulphate solution.
The action of the sulphate of soda upon the calcium chloride is to precipitate
an insoluble sulphate of lime in or upon the fabric-thus the sulphuric acid of
the soda salt combines with the calcium forming a practically insoluble sulphate
of lime, and the soda combines with the chlorine forming a solution of chloride
of sodium thus depositing a precipitate of calcium sulphate direct upon or in
the fibres while the chloride of sodium remains in solution.
The sulphate of lime is thus evenly distributed through all the threads or
fibres of the fabric and practically becomes incorporated therewith adding to
its weight and at the same time rendering the fabric less inflammable.
The fabric after being immersed in the first solution can be dried and then
put into the second solution or it can be treated as already described without
being dried at that stage.
After the completion of this process as already detailed the fabric should be.
washed with water to remove any trace of the chloride of sodium solution adhering
to the fibres. Yarns or other goods may also be treated with this process.
The advantage or characteristic of this invention is that the fabric or the
materials from which fabrics are manufactured treated as described when washed-
either with hot or cold water-retains the filling material without appreciable
Joss of weight whereas by the present method of weighting or filling fabrics or

page_text: the materials from which fabrics are manufactured the filling material quickly
washes out on being treated with water.
Dated this 15th day of August 1899.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.
Improvements in the Treating of Textile Fabrics or Materials for the
Purpose of Filling or Weighting same.
I, WILLIAM BROTHERS, of Beechwood, Prestwich, in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
This invention relates to the filling or weighting of textile fabrics and the
materials constituting same whereby the filling or weighting material will be
caused to incorporate itself more closely or more permanently in or with the
fabric than in the methods hitherto adapted.
In consists essentially in treating the textile fabric or material comprising
same with a solution of chloride of calcium and then with a solution of a soluble
sulphate such as sodium sulphate potassium sulphate magnesium sulphate or
aluminium sulphate thereby incorporating directly into or upon the fibres a
practically insoluble filling of calcium sulphate or the process may be reversed
by using the sulphate solution first and then using the chloride of calcium
solution.
In carrying out the invention I prepare a solution of calcium chloride of a
specific gravity of say 1.14 and a solution of sodium sulphate preferably a
saturated solution. I do not however restrict myself to the strength or density
of such solutions as such may vary according to the amount of filling required in
the material.
In describing the process, I shall detail the modus operandi when using the
calcium chloride solution first and then using a sodium sulphate solution which
I prefer.
The cloth or fabric is first immersed in or saturated with the calcium chloride
solution for a few seconds and when removed therefrom it is preferably passed
through squeezing rollers or the like to remove excess of the liquid. It is then
immersed in or saturated with a sodium sulphate solution.
The action of the sodium sulphate upon the calcium chloride is to precipitate
a practically insoluble calcium sulphate in or upon the fibres of the fabric--
thus the sulphuric acid of the sulphate combines with the calcium of the chloride
forming a practically insoluble calcium sulphate and the soda combines with the
chlorine forming a solution of sodium chloride thus depositing a precipitate of
calcium sulphate direct upon or in the fibres while the sodium chloride remains
in solution.
The calcium sulphate is thus distributed through all the threads or fibres of
the fabric and practically becomes incorporated therewith expanding or thicken-
ing the fibres adding to the weight and at the same time rendering the fabric
much less flammable.
The fabric after being immersed in the first solution is preferably dried and
then put into the second solution or it may be treated as already described
without being dried at that stage.

page_text: After the completion of this process as already detailed the fabric should be
washed with water to remove any trace of the sodium chloride solution adhering
to the fibres. Yarns or other goods may also be treated with this process.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. The process of treating or filling textile fabrics or materials for the purpose
of thickening and weighting the same and rendering them less flammable which
consists in saturating the material with a solution of calcium chloride and with a
solution of a soluble sulphate thereby depositing directly upon or in the fibres
calcium sulphate.
2. The process of depositing calcium sulphate upon or in the fibres of textile
fabrics or materials consisting of treating the fabrics or materials with a solution
of calcium chloride and with a solution of sulphate of sodium potassium mag-
nesium aluminium or other soluble sulphate substantially as described.
3. As a new article of manufacture a textile fabric or material having calcium
sulphate deposited in the fibres which are thereby rendered thicker heavier and
less Hammable, substantially as described.
Datad this 4th dov of 1 1000
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool and London, Patent Agents.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool and London, Patent Agents.