Improvements in Carpenters' Planes.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Mar., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 5th Nov., 1889-Accepted, 7th Dec., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Carpenters' Planes.
1 ALBAN EDWARD RAGG (Clerk in Holy Orders) of Romsdale Beaumont Jersey,
Channel Islands do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My Invention of Improvements in Carpenters Planes relates to the regulating that
is to say raising and lowering the Iron or Blade and to setting it square with the
sole of the plane by means of a screw and camm instead of as heretofore by the old and
clumsy method of doing so with the hammer.
The advantage of my Invention is self evident enabling me as it does to regulate
and set my plane Iron or Blade in less time and with much greater accuracy than
heretofore possible except by a skilled workman and at the same time to do away with
the risk of spoiling the Irons or Blades by using the hammer to knock them in or out
or set them square.
I utilize for the purpose of my Invention the circular hole which is formed
at the top of the slot through which the head of the screw of the back plate or
iron passes in such Carpenters planes as are known as trying Jack and Smoothing
planes or the like.
Into this circular hole I fit nicely though movably a disc to the back of which I
attach a nut acted upon by a thumb screw the nut working in a frame attached to the
plane itself at the back of the Iron or Blade by wood screws or other mechanical
equivalent. By means of the thumb screw I can regulate that is to say raise or
lower the Iron or Blade of my plane as desired.
The disc which fits into the hole of the plane Iron or Blade I convert into a cam
by pivotting it at a point nearer the circumference than the centre and attach to or
form at the back of it a handle or lever so that by moving the said handle or lever to
the right or left hand I am enabled to cant my Iron or Blade square with the
sole of the plane or at any angle which I may deem useful for the work I have
in hand.
My invention is applicable to every Carpenters plane old or new which has a
circular hole at the top of the slot through which the head of the screw of the
back plate or Iron passes.
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CML 1000
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Carpenters' Planes.
I, ALBAN EDWARD RAGG of Romsdale, Beaumont, Jersey, Clerk in Holy Orders,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to certain mechanical arrangements applicable and easily
affixed to wooden bodied carpenters' planes, with the object of affording a ready and
simple means of regulating the iron or blade as regards the cutting edge, both as
regards the height or depth and the angle of the iron to the sole of the plane; such
regulation being effected by means of the joint action of a screw and of a cam or
eccentric device, or their mechanical equivalents, acting upon a fulcrum instead of,
as heretofore, by means of a bammer.
This invention may best be described by aid of the accompanying drawings, in
which
Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section of an ordinary smoothing or liand

page_text: .
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plane, fitted with my improved regulator, as an example of how it may be
applied.
Figure 2 is a plan of the regulator itself detached from the body of the plane.
Figure 3 a similar view showing the action of the cam or eccentric in setting the
iron or blade square or at an angle with the sole of the plane.
Figure 4 is a plan of Figure 1, the plane iron, wedge, and a portion of the regulating
device being reinoved.
The adjustment as to the height or depth of the iron or blade being readily
understood from Figure 1, where the nut and thumb-screw to raise or lower it by
are clearly shown.
In applying my invention to wooden bodied planes commonly in use at the present
time, I take the plane iron A as it stands, and apply my regulator to it without
altering it and without any alteration being made to the body B of the plane,
except to the extent of cutting away a small portion of the upper, end of the bed
the plane at the back of the iron for the reception of the regulator as at b,
Figure 1.
of
For the purpose of applying my regulator to the plane iron of an ordinary
carpenter's plane, I ntilise the circular hole a, Figure 3, known as the eye hole as
usually found in such irons or blades or any other suitable hole or projection with
which the said irons may be provided.
To go further into the details of my drawings, D is the handle or lever of the
regulator, the lower end of which I connect with the plane iron by means of a
projecting disc forming a cam or eccentric device adapted to fit nicely into the
said eyo hole a.
This lever D, with its disc cam or eccentric device, I pivot, preferably upon its
longitudinal axis, to a screwed block or nut at the point d, Figures 2 and 3, in such
a manner that, by moving the said lever to the right hand or the left, I am enabled to
set the cutting edges of the plane iron, either parallel with the sole of the plane, or at
such an inclination thereto as I may deem requisite for the work in hand. This will
be readily understood from Figure 3. It will be found that the most convenient
point, in practice, for the pivot d, Figure 1, is upon or in proximity to the circumference
of the disc or cam.
The pivot d, Figures 1, 2 and 3, is mounted within, cast upon, or otherwise affixed
to a screwed block or nut F, Figures 1 and 2, through which passes a screwed
spindle F, lying parallel to the back of the plane iron. This spindle is mounted in
a suitable frame F, which is attached by screws for otherwise to the body B of the
plane, as shown in Figure 1. The upper end of the spindle F¹ is provided with a
thumb-screw F3 or may be formed with a suitable head for a screw driver or other
device, whereby the plane iron may be raised or lowered by turning the screw to
the right or left.
The mode of action is as follows:-
The lever D, actuated upon its pivot or fulcrum d', is first placed in its upright or
.central position, Figures 1, 2 and 3. The plane iron is then inserted in its usual
manner, when the circular hole a falls easily and readily over the disc E. The
wedge G is then fixed in the customary manner. The iron or blade is adjusted as to
depth of cut by means of the screw F, and its cutting edge is set as desired at an
angle or otherwise to the sole of the plane by means of the lever D.
It will be readily seen that, by converting the disc E into an annular ring, the
mechanical action will be exactly equivalent, if operating upon any projection naturally
or usually formed upon or used in connection with plane irons.
By my invention, I am enabled to regulate or set plane irons in less time and
with greater accuracy than heretofore possible except by a skilled workman, and at
the same time do away with the spoiling of the iron and the body of the plane by the
continued use of the hammer to knock the said irons up or down, when regulating
the depth of the cut, or sideways when it is desired to set them at an angle to or
square with the sole of the plane.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is :-
1. The improvements applicable to carpenters' planes, which consist of a lever
capable of oscillating on an adjustable fulcrum parallel with the plane iron on the
body of the plane, the lower end of which lever (that is to say, that portion below the
fulcrum) is capable of acting upon the plane iron in such a manner that, by regulating
the position of the fulcrum, the depth of the cut is adjusted, and, by adjusting the
anglo of the lever, the parallelism or required inclination of the iron or blade edge for
cutting purposes is secured.
2. The special arrangements of mechanism as a whole, for regulating the position
of the cutting edge of a plane iron relatively to the sole or under surface of the plane,
hetantially as described.
ALBAN EDWARD RAGG.