Improvements in Dynamo Electric Machines or Electric Motors.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Apr., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Dec., 1897-Accepted, 2nd Apr.,
1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Dynamo Electric Machines or Electric Motors.
I, ALFRED HOLMES, of the Firm of J. H. Holmes & Co., of Portland Road, New-
castle-upon-Tyne, in the County of Northumberland, Electric Light Engineers,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention (which has been communicated to
me from abroad by Edward Hibberd Johnson and Robert Lundell, both of
No. 527, West 34th Street, New York City, New York, United States of America,
Electricians), to be as follows:-
This invention is applicable more particularly to dynamo electric machines or
electric motors such as are described in the Specification of Letters Patent
No. 9365 granted to my foreign correspondents and dated the 17th day of May
1892 and the objects of the present invention are to so arrange the machine that
the armature can be removed without disturbing the field magnet coil and to so
construct the field magnet cores and pole pieces that a given pair of such cores
and pole pieces can be utilized for machines in various situations or adapted for
various uses and to combine with such field cores and pole pieces, journal bearings
and commutator supporting devices so arranged that they can be used with legs
or brackets of any desired structure dependent upon the use to which the machine
is to be put and the positions in which they are to be used.
The nature of the invention will be fully understood from the following descrip-
tion.
In the machine described and shewn in the Specification of the above referred
to Letters Patent the structure is such that after the parts are once put together
it is not possible to remove the armature without separating the field magnet
cores and removing also the field magnet coil. This is due to the fact that the
field magnet cores are cast in semispherical form and the field magnet coil
inserted in position between the said cores, the journal bearings being integral
with the said cores. According to the present invention the necessity of entirely
dismantling the machine when it is desired to remove the armature and its
attached parts is avoided by casting the two semi-spherical field magnet cores
open at their outer ends and securing the journal hearings commutator supports
and legs, or brackets directly to the outer ends of the said cores by bolts and nuts
or other fastenings the cores being secured together at their inner ends by bolts
passing through lugs or ears, as before.
In the manufacture of small machines, owing to the numerous applications to
which they can be put, various means of support for such machines are required
dependent upon the purpose for, and situation in, which the machine is to be used.
The structure of the machine as described in the Specification of the aforesaid
Letters Patent necessitates the casting of field magnet cores and supports in great
variety of forms in order to supply the demands of the trade, and when it becomes
necessary to repair the armature, its commutator, or the journal bearings thereof,
the said machine has to be entirely dismantled and it is the principal object of
this invention to avoid these inconveniences and the attendant expense.

page_text: In a machine made according to this invention the semi-spherical field magnet
cores are made preferably of cast magnetic steel, and they are cast of such a shape
that when put together face to face the inner pole pieces overlap each other, a
cylindrical space entirely surrounding the said pole pieces into which space the
field magnet coil fits, its axis being at an angle to that of the shaft of the armature
as in the machine described and shewn in the Specification of the aforesaid
Letters Patent. Lugs or ears are provided for receiving bolts to secure the semi-
spherical parts of the field magnet cores together. Rectangular extensions are pro-
vided at the inward ends and outer edges of the field magnet cores.
The field magnet cores are cast from the same pattern and are therefore
duplicates, the aforesaid extensions being designed for the purpose of attaching
to the upper part of the machine a screw bolt or eye for conveniently handling
the machine in the shop. In the outer ends of the field magnet cores are drilled
holes to receive bolts, and steady pins for securing thereto end-plates or equiva-
lent supports, these being preferably of magnetic material. They may be so cast
that their lower extensions constitute legs provided with bolt holes to receive
bolts secured to slitted metallic supports by nuts. One of the end-plates or sup-
ports is cast with a conical shaped extension provided at its lower side with an
opening for admitting air into the body of the machine and an opening at the
top, or upper side, to receive a door or cover situated directly over the com-
mutator for enabling it to be inspected. The commutator is supported by a cast metal
sleeve keyed directly to the armature shaft, the commutator strips being insulated
from the said sleeve and secured thereto by a disc and screws, the said disc and
the opposite end of the said sleeve being undercut to receive the correspondingly
shaped strips. The said strips may be connected to the windings of the armature
in the usual manner.
A cylindrical extension is cast with the aforesaid conical extension. It has a
bolt hole in its upper side to receive a bolt for securing the journal bearing.
Oiling rings are provided, they resting in slits in the journal bearing and resting
upon the upper surface of the shaft and extending downward into an oil chamber
constituted by the interior cylindrical portion of the aforesaid cylindrical exten-
sion and a detachable cup-shaped cap secured to the outer end of the part by lugs
and screws.
The journal bearing at the opposite, or pulley, end of the shaft is
formed and supported in a similar manner, being provided with oiling rings and
with an oil chamber cast with the end-plate. Pins extending through the upper
flange of the journal bearings retain the oiling rings in place.
Oiling ducts or channels are provided for the introduction of oil to the said oil
chambers at the opposite ends of the armature shaft, and there are peep holes for
enabling the operation of the oiling rings to be examined, caps closing the said
ducts and peep holes.
The commutator brushes are made preferably in the form of rectangular
carbon blocks capable of sliding endwise to bear against the commutator under
the influence of spiral springs secured in metallic brush guiding sleeves attached
to the body of the machine but insulated therefrom. There is a detachable cover
and support for the springs to afford easy access to the brush and its attached
parts.
There is a hard rubber thimble in one of the end plates through which the
field magnet windings are carried to a starting box. The circuit connections
between the field magnet coils and the commutator brushes may be arranged in
the ordinary or any suitable manner.
The opening through the aforesaid conical extension and the opening through
the opposite end-plate which supports the pulley end of the shaft ensure suffi-
cient ventilation for keeping the parts of the machine cool by the passage of air.
By the arrangement of detachable end-plates, journal bearings, and legs or sup
ports integral therewith these parts can be cast separately from the field cores
and with the legs or supports of any desired conformation or structure, for
instance, they may be of the nature of brackets or supports of any conformation

page_text: or form, necessitated by the purpose to, or situation in, which the machine is to
be used. If for instance the machine is to be suspended from a side-wall, a
bracket support would be necessary, in which case the supports can be of bracket
form without necessitating any variation or change in the expensive steel castings
for the field magnet.
CORDEI DIEVITICATION,
Improvements in Dynamo Electric Machines or Electric Motors.
I, ALFRED HOLMES, of the Firm of J. H. Holmes & Co., of Portland Road, New-
castle-upon-Tyne, in the County of Northumberland, Electric Light Engineers,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention (which has been communicated to
me from abroad by Edward Hibberd Johnson and Robert Lundell, both of
No. 527, West 34th Street, New York City, New York, United States of America,
Electricians), and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
This invention is applicable more particularly to dynamo electric machines or
electric motors such as are described in the Specification of Letters Patent
No. 9365 granted to my foreign correspondents and dated the 17th day of May
1892, and the objects of the present invention are to so arrange the machine that
the armature can be removed without disturbing the field magnet coil; and, to
so construct the field magnet cores and pole-pieces that a given pair of such cores
and pole pieces (which can be duplicates of each other) can be utilized for machines
in various situations or adapted for various uses; and to combine with such field-
cores and pole-pieces, journal bearings and brush supporting devices so arranged
that they can be used with legs, or brackets, of any desired structure dependent
upon the use to which the machine is to be put, and the positions in which they
are to be used.
The nature of the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed
will be fully understood from the following description and the accompanying
drawings in which Figure 1 illustrates in side elevation a complete machine con-
structed in accordance with this invention. Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of
the same the section being taken on the line xx, Figure 3, and as seen looking
in the direction of the arrows upon the said Figure 3; which Figure 3 is an eleva-
tion of the right hand end of Figures 1 and 2, the cap or end-plate of the oil
chamber being removed.
Figure 4 is an elevation of the left hand end of Figures 1 and 2 with the journal
bearing, the commutator, and detachable parts removed.
Figure 5 is an end elevation of the left hand end of Figures 1 and 2 one of the
commutator brushes and its means of support and the adjacent parts being shewn
in section.
Figure 6 is a central horizontal section taken through the body of the machine,
the parts which support the ends of the field magnet cores being shewn in plan,
and the field coil, the armature, and its supporting shaft, being omitted.
In the machine described and shewn in the Specification of the Patent herein-
before referred to the structure is such, that after the parts are once put together
it is not possible to remove the armature without separating the field magnet
cores and removing also the field magnet coil This is due to the fact that the
field magnet cores are cast in semi-spherical form and the field magnet coil

page_text: inserted in position between the said cores, the journal bearings being integral
with the said cores. According to the present invention the necessity of entirely
dismantling the machine when it is desired to remove the armature and its
attached parts is avoided by casting the two semi-spherical field magnet cores
open at their outer ends and securing the journal bearings, commutator supports
and legs, or brackets, directly to the outer ends of the said cores by bolts and nuts
or other fastenings, the cores 'being secured together at their inner ends by bolts
passing through lugs or ears, as before.
In the manufacture of small machines, owing to the numerous applications to
which they can be put, various means of support for such machines are required
dependent upon the purpose for, and situation in, which the machine is to be used.
The structure of the machine as described in the Specification of the aforesaid
Patent necessitates the casting of field magnet cores and supports in great variety
of forms in order to supply the demands of the trade, and when it becomes
necessary to repair the armature, or its commutator, or the journal bearings thereof,
the machine has to be entirely dismantled, and it is the principal object of this
invention to avoid these inconveniences and the attendant expense.
I will now
describe the improvements according to the present invention with
reference to the accompanying drawings in all the Figures of which like letters
of reference denote like parts.
P P represent the semi-spherical field magnet cores, made preferably of cast
magnetic steel, and cast of such a shape that when put together, face to face,
the pole-pieces overlap each other, and the said cores form an annular space into
which the field-magnet coil M fits, its axis being at an angle to that of the shaft C
of the armature A, as in the machine described and shewn in the Specification
of the aforesaid Patent, but the angle in the present machine is such that the
passage for the insertion and withdrawal of the armature is not impeded by the
said coil.
EE, EE, are lugs or ears provided for receiving bolts B¹ B¹ to secure the semi-
spherical parts of the field magnet cores together.
The field magnet cores P and P¹ are each cast from the same pattern and are
therefore, duplicates, the extensions I being designed for the purpose of attaching
to the upper part of the machine a screw-bolt or eye H for conveniently handling
the machine in the shop. In the outer ends of the field-magnet cores are drilled
holes to receive bolts B, and steady pins B5 for securing thereto end-plates R R,
or equivalent supports, these being preferably of magnetic material. They are
shewn as being so cast that their lower extensions constitute legs L provided with
bolt holes to receive bolts B3 secured to slotted metallic supports T by nuts B².
The end-plate or support R at the left hand of Figures 1 and 2, is cast with a
conical-shaped extension D provided at its lower side with an opening 01 for
admitting air into the body of the machine and an opening at the top, or upper
side, to receive a door or cover D¹ situated directly over the commutator for
enabling it to be inspected. The commutator is supported by a cast metal sleeve S
keyed directly to the armature shaft C, the commutator strips B being insulated
from the said sleeve and secured thereto by a disc K and screws tt, the said disc
and the opposite end of the sleeve S being undercut to receive the correspond-
ingly shaped strips B. The said strips may be connected to the windings of the
armature A in the usual manner.
F is a cylindrical extension cast with the aforesaid conical extension D. It
has a bolt hole in its upper side to receive a bolt for securing the journal bear-
and resting
ing J. R¹ are oiling rings resting in slits in the journal bearing
upon the upper surface of the shaft C and extending downward into an oil cham-
her constituted by the interior cylindrical portion of the part F1 and a detachable
cup-shaped cap F2 secured to the outer end of the part F1 by lugs d and screws t
The journal hearing J at the opposite, or pulley, end of the shaft C is formed
and supported in a similar manner being provided with oiling rings and with
an oil chamber cast with the end-plate R.

page_text: jare pins extending through the upper flange of the journal bearings to
retain the oiling rings R¹ in place.
are oiling ducts or channels for the introduction of oil to the said oil cham-
bers at the opposite ends of the armature shaft. V are peep holes for enabling
the operation of the oiling rings R¹ to be examined and c¹ are caps for closing
the said ducts and peep holes.
care the commutator brushes, made preferably in the form of rectangular car-
bon blocks and capable of sliding endwise to bear against the commutator under
the influence of spiral springs secured in metallic brush guiding sleeves W
attached to the body of the machine but insulated therefrom by insulating
material II and I³. being a detachable cover and support for the springs to
afford easy access to the brush and its attached parts.
B6 are the binding posts, and w the conductors running thereto. O represents
a hard rubber thimble in the end-plate R through which the field magnet windings
are carried to a starting box (not shewn in the drawings). The circuit connec-
tions between the field magnet coils and the commutator brushes may be arranged
in the ordinary or any suitable manner.
The oblong opening O' through the part D and the opening through the oppo-
site end-plate R which supports the pulley end of the shaft C ensure sufficient
ventilation for keeping the parts of the machine cool, by the passage of air indi-
cated by the arrows in Figure 2. By the arrangement of detachable end-plates R
and legs or supports L integral therewith, these parts can be cast separately from
the field magnet cores and with the legs or supports L of any desired conforma-
tion or structure, for instance they may be of the nature of brackets or supports
of any conformation, or form, necessitated by the purpose to, or situation in, which
the machine is to be used. If for instance, the machine is to be suspended from a
side-wall, a bracket support would be necessary, in which case the supports L
can be of bracket form without necessitating any variation, or change, in the
expensive steel castings for the field magnet.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
--
1. A dynamo electric machine or motor, having a rotary armature and a field-
magnet core composed of two parts which are duplicates of each other, with over-
lapping field magnet poles surrounded by an energizing coil with its axis inclined
at such an angle to the axis of the armature as to permit of removal thereof
without disturbing the field magnet coil, substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. In, or for, dynamo electric machines, or motors, a field magnet core made of
two separable parts which are cast from the same pattern, and have openings at
their ends for the withdrawal of the armature, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
3. A dynamo electric machine, or motor, having a rotary armature and over-
lapping field magnet poles surrounded by an energizing coil inclined to the axis
of the armature, in combination with detachable supports, for the armature shaft,
secured to the open and opposite ends of the field magnet core, the said supports
being cast with legs, or supports, for carrying the entire machine; substantially
as hereinbefore described.
4. A dynamo electric machine, or motor, having a rotary armature, a field
magnet in duplicate parts and a field magnet coil surrounding the pole pieces
and the armature, and supports for the armature shaft detachably secured to the
open and opposite ends of the field magnet core, the said supports being cast with
legs, or supports, for carrying the entire machine, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
5. A. dynamo electric machine, or motor, having a rotary armature, a field
magnet coil surrounding the pole pieces and the armature and having its axis
inclined to the armature shaft at such an angle as not to impede the passage-way
for the armature, the said armature shaft being supported by journal bearings

page_text: sustained by detachable end-plates secured to the outer and open ends of the field
magnet core and the said end-plates being formed with legs or supports, for
carrying the entire machine; substantially as hereinbefore described.
6. The general arrangement construction and combination of parts constituting
a dynamo electric machine, or motor; substantially as hereinbefore described,
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 3rd day of December 1897.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.