Improvements in the Construction of Chills and Moulds and the. Casting of Metals therein.
Year: 1885

page_text: Improvements in the Construction of Chills and Moulds and the.
Casting of Metals therein.
I JOSEPH WHITLEY. of Railway Works Hunslet Road, Leeds, in the County of
York, Engineer and Founder, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CHILLS AND MOULDS AND THE CASTING
OF METALS THEREIN and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My improvements consist in the formation of Chills and Moulds having com-
paritively closed ends so as to enable me to cast cylindrical forms almost solid and
by partially confining the Air to give greater density homogenity and tensile
strength to metals cast-To accomplish this object I form suitable Mettalic Chills
and Moulds and Moulds in ordinary boxes and form line or face the same with
Asbestos according to the thickness and nature of the metal to be cast therein and
when I require long cores for the same, I form a compressible Core barrel having a
groove or slit along one side so as to take up immediate contraction and I face the
same with Asbestos, Talc or other like material. In constructing my Chills and
Moulds for cylindrical forms, I construct a plain cylindrical shell which I turn and
bore true and which when I wish to cast metals or the compounds of metals that
melt at a low temperature, I polish the inside and then carbonize it, before casting
such metals or the compounds of such metals therein, Such Chills having portable
flanges with central appertures at the ends which may be let in and ground face to
face having central appertures or one end may be closed with a suitable Asbestos or
other washer, betwixt the flange and Chill, or one of the ends may be cast in and
which end of the cylindrical Chill is fixed to a driver, the spindlo of which is
hollow, through which passes an air tube for the purpose of conveying the gases
from the liquid. metal-In forming the opposite end I also provide it with an
apperture which by preference is a Conic one the same being ground to a joint with
the nozzle end of the runner through which the metal flows into the Chill or Mould
and which runner is fixed upon a ball joint or other suitable joint with an adjust-
able screw so that the male cone with its runner can be easily adapted to its
bearing within the cone of the front flange before the Chill or Mould is put in

page_text: motion or the same may be caused to rotate in suitable stuffing boxes lined with
Asbestos, Talc, or other suitable heat resisting packing-When the metal has passed
into the Mould or Chill I cause a plug to descend through the slag into the neck of
the runner, which together with the metal being forced up to the centres of the
Chill at the ends of the casting assists in contining a portion of air in the interior
thus increasing the density homogenity and tensile strength of all metals so cast.
When I cast steel or other metals which melt at high temperature in cylindrical
forms or the compounds of such metals I prefer to use Chills and Moulds faced
with Asbestos, Talc or other like material or I form my moulds of Asbestos for the
above or other purposes so as to preserve the liquifaction in the respective metals
or their compounds especially when running such metals very thin, by the above
means it will be seen that the hollow part of the casting is not formed by a core
but by causing the metal to strike against a Chill at each end of the mould which
causes the metal to set in consecetive layers before tho sides begin to crystalize
and which process is going on before the whole of the metal has entered the mould
maintaining a passage though the casting end By this means I materially
preserve from external radiation and transmission, the heat force in the liquid
metal and thereby create a greater density and homogenity in the molecules of all
such metals and therefore give a greater tensile strength.

page_text: 7. The polishing and carbonizing of the interior of Rotating Chills previous to
pouring in the metal, substancially as herein before described.
8 The formation of solid ends in cylindrical castings substancially as herein
before described.
9. The insertion of a narrow groove or slit in Chills or Moulds or parts thereof
to facilitate expansion and contraction substancially as herein before described.
10. The introduction of an hollow spindle through the centre of which passes an
air tube mounted in suitable blocks substancially as berein before described.