Improvements in Ruling Machines.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd July, 1891-Accepted, 8th Aug., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ruling Machines.
1 JOHN SHAW of Honley, near Huddersfield in the County of York Ruling
Machine Maker do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
My present invention relates to ruling machines and the object thereof is to
introduce a mechanical arrangement whereby the ruling of the paper may be
accomplished to any exact length and the lengths of ruling may be varied from
time to time to a nicety as required without it being necessary to employ separate
sets of wheels for any small variation or adjustable cams for said purpose to attain
which I employ an expansible roller or drum for operating the cam or armed shaft
which operates the gate and pens.
Typical illustrations of my improved expansible drum are set forth in the
accompanying sheet of drawings in which
Fig. 1 is a side elevation and Fig. 2 a plan of a ruling machine arranged with
one form of my improved expansible roller or drum.
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal elevation partly in section and Fig. 4 a cross sectional
elevation on line A. B. of said Fig. 3 of one form of my improved expansible drum
or roller and
of
Fig. 6 is a part longitudinal elevation and Fig. 5 an end view of another form
my said improved expansible roller.
Like letters of reference denote corresponding parts in each view.
The ruling machine is constructed with the usual framework E which receives
the several mechanical parts. The front end of the machine has an ordinary feed
table F which receives the paper which subsequently passes through the feed
rollers G and H and the roller G receives a crank g' where the machine is required
to be worked by hand. The gate J is operated by a lever or arm K secured to
the skeleton shaft L and the said shaft L is driven by the gear wheels M. N.
and O from the expansible roller P.
Where the pens Q and the gate J come in contact with the paper to be ruled
a rest or ruling board S is fixed as shown. The feeding band T is driven by the
roller H and the pressing or feed lines U are driven by the roller G. The
expansible roller P is preferably covered on its peripheral parts with adhesive
emery or other rough substance and is driven by the feed band T which is
kept taut up thereto by means of a small adjustable roller V.
The expansibility of the roller P. may be attained by either employing the
arrangement as set forth at Figs. 3 and 4 or as illustrated at Figs. 5 and 6 or in
any other ordinary mechanical manner as will be well understood. Referring to
Figs. 3 and 4 the roller P is constructed with a number of lags p' which are
arranged with projections p² guided in the end plates p³ which have slots or gaps
for the purpose. The said end plates are either made in one with or suitably
connected to sleeves p' which bear in suitable bushes secured to the framework E.
The screw shaft W passes through the sleeves p and has secured at one end a
hand wheel w and is arranged with conical or wedge shaped drums w² which press
against pins. By screwing the hand wheel ¹ in one direction the shaft Wis
forced so as to press the conical drums w² against the pins to³ thus causing the
latter to force the lags of the drum P outwards and so expanding the same and
when the hand wheel is turned in the opposite direction the lags are drawn inwards
or towards each other by means of the flexible or clastic bands or rings 7 and the
drum P thereby contracts in size.
Referring to Figs. 5 and 6 the drum is expanded or contracted by means of a

page_text: worm and worm wheel v and in this arrangement the drum is composed of lags p¹
which are arranged with projections y at their ends and said projections y' fit or
rest in radiating slots y² formed in the worm wheel v.
As the worm wheel is turned in one direction by turning the small hand
wheel the projections y¹ are forced outwards thus increasing the diameter of
the roller P and by turning said wheel w in the opposite direction the said
projections y close towards each other and the diameter of the drum is decreased
accordingly. It will be obvious that any other form of expanding drum may be
employed for the purpose described and I would have it understood that the two
forms herein described are merely to be taken as typical illustrations and not as
final forms.
By expanding the drum P the speed of the skeleton shaft L will be increased
and contracting the same the said shaft is decreased in speed and the increase or
decrease in the speed of the shaft L varies the rising and falling of the gate J
and pens to suit the exact length of the lines required to be ruled which is
accomplished by the simple adjustment of the expansible roller P.
Where preferred the roller P may be used in place of the skeleton shaft L in
which case the gearing M. N and O may be dispensed with and the speed of the
arms for lifting the gate J and pens Q can be varied direct from said expansible
roller as will be well understood.
The especial use of the gearings M. N and O is for the purpose of keeping the
gate up and the pens Q down a length of time sufficient to allow longer lines
to be drawn than could be drawn where the expansible roller P is placed on the
skeleton shaft L.
The wheels M. N and O are interchangeable and can be changed for wheels of
a size to suit various lengths of lines required to be ruled and the expansion or
contraction of the roller P will vary the length of the line to a nicety so that any
exact length of line can be made.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. In ruling machines the use of an expansible roller P driven by a feed band T
and operating the gate J and pens Q substantially as described and for the purpose
specified.
2. In ruling machines the use of an expansible roller P driven by a feed band T
and operating by means of gearing O M and N the skeleton shaft L substantially
as described and for the purpose set forth.
Dotod this 1st day of July 1801
H. F. BOUGHTON, M.I.M.E.,
London, Sheffield, and Barnsley, Agent.