Improvements in Type Writers.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Aug., 1892-Accepted, 1st Oct., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Type Writers.
A communication from CHARLES SPIRO, of the City, County, and State of
New York, United States of America, Gentleman.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Member of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in type-writers, especially of the kind
known as the Barlock; the invention covers various structural details, having for
their object to simplify and improve the machine as a whole. The invention will
be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings which represent
such portions of the machine as are necessary to the understanding of the present
improvements.
Figure 1 is a plan of the machine with the removal of such parts as are necessary
to disclose the improvements illustrated in the figure.
Figure 2 is an elevation with part of the frame in section.
Figure 3 is a section on line 3-3 of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a cross section on line 4-4 of Figure 1.
Figures 5 and 6 are details of the spool driving mechanism showing means of
attachment of spools.
Figure 7 is a section on line 7-7 of Figure 8.
Figure 8 is a plan of a portion of the machine showing the escapement mechanism
with some other features.
Figure 9 is a section on line 9-9 of Figure 8 looking in the direction of the
arrow G**.
Figure 10 is a section on line 9-9 of Figure 8 looking in the direction of the
arrow G⭑.
Figure 11 is an underside view of the spring barrel tension device.
Figure 12 is a view of one of the carriage rollers.
Figure 13 is a section on line 13-13 of Figure 1.
Figure 14 is a section of the type lever joint, on an enlarged scale.
Like letters represent like parts in the different figures of the drawings.
By embodying these improvements in the machine it is built lower than has
hitherto been customary which with the smaller incline of the type bars and the
larger circle in which they are strung, increases the visibility of the writing.
One important object attained by the present improvements is that the machine
is complete in itself even to what are known as the "shipping" devices. Hitherto
special packing arrangements have had to be resorted to with type writers to
prevent their being damaged in transit; notably to prevent the key levers and the
paper carriage from moving during transit. In the present instance the appliances
necessary to secure these parts form part of the machine and can be used at any
time without the necessity for special apparatus. These appliances will be under-
stood by reference to the drawings. In Figures 1 and 2 A is a rod extending
across the machine underneath the key levers and having the ends A' turned up
as indicated in Figure 2, and screwed to receive the thumb nuts A² which may be
milled for convenience of turning. By screwing the nuts A' on to the screwed
ends A' the rod A may be drawn up close underneath the key levers as shown in
full lines in Figure 2 and the levers may thus be prevented from moving until the
nuts A are unscrewed when the rod A will drop to the position indicated in dotted
lines in Figure 2 and will not then interfere with the free action of the key levers.
By this arrangement it will be seen that the keys can be fixed or released at a

page_text: moment's notice without the application or removal of any special appliance for the
purpose. It will be observed that the same effect could be obtained by modified
means say for example a bar extending across the frame underneath the key
levers and eccentrically pivotted or having a long and a short side so that when
the bar was raised up close under the key levers or when the long side of the
bar was presented to them the keys would be locked and could not be used
and when the bar was turned down or its short side was presented to the keys
their free operation would not be interfered with. The arrangement shown in the
drawings however is a convenient and suitable one. The traversing of the carriage
may be prevented by means of the hooks B carried upon the shaft B¹ and preferably
at or near its ends." The shaft B' extends across the machine and is carried in
bearings B and has upon its ends nuts B which may be jammed against the
bearings B2 and thus hold the shaft B' from turning. The hooks B are adapted
to enter holes B Figures 2 and 3 in the paper carriage and when it is desired to
fix the carriage, the hooks B are placed in the holes B and fixed there by screwing
up the nuts B and thus preventing the shaft B¹ which carries the hooks B from
turning to free the carriage the nuts B³ are slackened and the hooks can then be
withdrawn from the carriage taking up the position shown in Figure 2 when they
are free of the carriage and in which position they can be fixed by screwing up
the nuts B3 and are thus out of the way of the carriage. A single hook Bor
equivalent stop could be employed but the two are preferred. To clamp the
machine to the base board or in the case, lugs C having a slight groove C¹ on the
top are provided; over these fit clamps C which may be secured to the base board
or packing case by screws (3 as shown in Figures 1 and 2. With this arrangement
the machine is rigidly held to the base board without the application of any special
blocks or appliances and may be used in that position for writing purposes.
however it be desired to remove the machine from the base board that can readily
be effected by slackening the screws C³ when the clamps C2 can be removed from
the grooves of the lugs C and the machine lifted up.
;
If
To improve the touch of the keys and to equalize as much as possible the power
required to operate them, the following plan is adopted. In the type bars D the
distance from the pivots D¹ upon which they turn to the points D' where the
wires connecting the type bars with the key levers join is proportioned to
the amount of leverage exerted upon them by the key levers, for example where
a key lever is adapted to give great leverage the distance from D' to D' of
the appropriate type bar is smaller than where a key lever gives less leverage.
This gives greater purchase to the operator upon the key lever and counteracts
the loss of power occasioned by the points at which the connecting wires of
some of the type bars join the key levers, being farther from the key lever
fulcrum D than in the case of the connecting wires of other type bars. This is
clearly shown in Figures 2 and 4.
The ribbon spools E Figures 1, 2, 4 and 6 are so arranged that they can be
attached to the gear wheel on either of their sides. They are not provided with
latches as in previous machines but have grooved pins E¹ extending from the
sides, adapted to slip into either of the slots E Figs. 5 and 6 in the ribbon
gear wheel E' and is there held in place by a wire which springs into the
groove of the pin E'. By this arrangement it will he readily seen that each
spool can be turned with either of its sides presented to one of the wheels E'.
The spool is positively driven by the wheel E by reason of the pin E¹ being
in the slot E while the effect of the pressure which the wire E' exerts upon the
pin E' causes the spool, or both spool and wheel to fit sufficiently tightly upon the
fixed pivot pin E, which carries both wheel and spool, to prevent slipping and
unnecessary unwinding of the ribbon carried by the spool. By this turning of the
ribbon spool it is possible to present to the types two widths or lines of the ribbon
instead of as hitherto causing the types to always strike in the centre of the
ribbon and consequently the life of the ribbon is doubled as two separate lines or
portions of the ribbon are presented to the types instead of their always striking

page_text: on the same central line, and a ribbon 18 yards long with this arrangement would
be equal to a ribbon 36 yards long under the old arrangement.
In the machines as previously constructed the ribbon arms were provided with
open ended slots into which the ribbon had to be placed; in the present arrange-
ment as illustrated in Figure 1 a cut F is provided to each of the slots F' of the
ribbon arm F which greatly facilitates the insertion of the ribbon and saves
handling it.
The dog or escapement mechanism is arranged as follows:-A rack G Figures 3
and 4 is secured upon the paper carriage and travels with it while the dogs G' G'
which are carried in the dog holder G3 secured to a fixed portion of the framework
alternately engage with it. The dogs are carried upon separate pins G inde-
pendent of each other but in the same axial line and are controlled by springs G
whose tendency is to keep the dogs in engagement with the rack. In Figure 4
one dog is shown in engagement with the rack and the other one just clear of it.
The dog G is made in the shape of a bell crank lever, the second arm carrying an
anti-friction roller G which engages with the mushroom-shaped head of the pin G
screwed into the universal bail H the arrangement being such that as the bail H
turns upon its pivot H¹ the pin G' moves up and down and as it rises lifts the
roller G and so turns the dog G¹ moving it out of engagement with the rack G.
The dog G2 is a straight bar pivotted nearly centrally and is operated by the
pin G screwed into the bail H upon the other side of the centre of movement H¹
and having its head so arranged as to engage with the tail G³ of the dog G. The
bail H is substantially of usual construction and is held in its normal or raised
position shown in Figure 4 by the spring I whose tendency is to draw the bail up
into its raised position. When the bail is depressed by the operator depressing one
of the keys the mushroom-headed screw G' is drawn downwards allowing the
appropriate spring G³ to move the bell-crank dog G¹ into engagement with the
rack which movement is immediately followed by the straight dog G' being moved
out of engagement with the rack by the operation of the pin G the head or upper
end of which, as is the bail, is turned upon its pivot and engages as before stated
with the tail G. The distance between the two flat faces Go of the dogs is a trifle
less than the distance between the two teeth with which they are intended to
engage these two teeth will not be contiguous but will have other teeth between
them the exact number of which is immaterial but may conveniently be four.
When the machine is at rest the carriage is held by the straight dog G* being in
engagement with one of the rack teeth and when a key is depressed the bell crank
dog Gengages with its appropriate tooth and the straight dog G² is released from
the rack which, with the paper carriage then travels an exceedingly small distance,
the full travel for each movement of a key being completed, when, upon the key
again rising to its normal position, the bell crank dog G' is freed from the rack
which then travels forward nearly the whole space of one tooth, being stopped by
the straight dog G' which with a movement simultaneous or almost simultaneous
with that of the dog G¹ has entered the rack in front of the tooth and stopped the
movement of the carriage. The construction of this mechanism is such that to
remove the dogs it is only necessary to unscrew the dog holder G from the base,
no positive connection with the bail, as in previous constructions, being inade. By
this means an exceedingly strong escapement movement is produced and one which
can be easily adjusted by turning the screws G7 or G.
Another important point in connection with the arrangement of the bail is that
the spring I is connected with a non-rotating screw I which is held up by a milled
nut 1, by turning which the pin 1 can be moved up and down and the tension of
the spring I thus increased or diminished so that the "touch" or power required to
depress the keys of the machine can thus be varied at pleasure. For convenience
the nut may be placed upon an exposed portion of the machine so that the
operator can get at it at any time to adjust the touch.
An automatic key-board lock to prevent the striking of two letters upon the same
portion of the paper at the end of a line is provided in the following manner. Upon

page_text: the bell scale J is provided the usual adjustable stop J' which moves in the slot J
and trips the bell hammer and in addition to this is another stop J' also movable in
the same slot and frictionally connected with the bolt J' having a head J' between
which and a fixed portion of the framework through which the bolt moves is a
helical spring J having a tendency to retract the bolt in the direction of the arrow
in Figure 8. The stop J³ is comfortably fitted upon the bolt J so that it may be
moved along it by the operator when properly held and pressed without canting,
but when pressed over, as it is by the trip of the bell hammer when it engages with
it, the stop holds firmly onto the bolt J and moves it with it in the direction
opposite to that of the arrow in Figure 8. By referring to Figure 9 it will be seen
that the bolt J when projected forward lies in the path of the arm K secured upon
the bail H and moving with it, the result being that when the bolt is moved forward
under the influence of the bell trip, the arm K cannot move in its ordinary path and
the bail H is prevented from turning upon its pivot and consequently the keys
cannot be depressed and the carriage will have to be returned to the commencement
of the line before a fresh letter can be struck. To enable the relative positions of
the arm K and the bail H to be adjusted so as to produce the required effect the
arm is secured to a portion of the ball by the screw K' which passes through a hole
in the arm and holds it to the bail; in the slot K of the arm K is an eccentric
headed screw pin K by turning which the arm K can be revolved upon the screw K¹
as a pivot and the relative positions of K and H varied as may be needful. The
screw K' may be slackened to accomplish this movement and then tightened up
again. The importance of making this stop adjustable will be seen when it is
recollected that if the stop is made to absolutely prevent any depression of the keys
the operator is liable to hurt his hands and perhaps damage the machine by coming
down heavily upon a key which cannot be moved, whereas by this adjustment the
bail may be allowed to drop far enough to allow of even considerable depression of
the keys so long as the depression is not sufficient to allow the type head to strike
the paper.
This is a most important advantage inasmuch as the looking is made
soft and in a sense elastic and lets the operator down gently while at the same time
preventing a second letter being struck on top of the first. When the bolt stop J³
is moved close up to the bell stop J' the mechanism will be locked very shortly, say
four letters after the bell rings, but the two stops may be moved farther apart and
the locking thus made to take place as long after the ringing of the bell as may be
desired.
The margin releasing mechanism is constructed as follows ;-The margin bar L
has a stop L' which can be moved along it by the operator to fix the amount of
margin to be left for writing on but as it is sometimes desired to write in the margin
the following mechanism is designed for the purpose of temporarily removing this
stop which then automatically replaces itself. The margin bar, which may have a
scale upon it corresponding with the paper scale, is pivotted at each end at L² and
may be turned upon those pivots by the lever L3 pivotted upon the framework at L
and adapted to be operated by a special key marked "MR" (margin release) the
lever Ls being connected with the margin bar L by a link or equivalent L'. The
margin stop L' has at its under part teeth which engage with a short fixed rack L
underneath the margin bar when in its normal position as shown in Figures 7 and 10.
This engagement of the respective teeth prevents the stop from being moved and
thus prevents the carriage from travelling beyond its appointed distance excepting
when the stop L is moved out of the way. This is effected by turning the margin
bar and with it the stop L' upon its pivots into the position indicated in dotted
lines in Figure 7 when the stop is no longer in the path of the portion of the paper
carriage which usually encounters it and the carriage can consequently be moved as
much farther as is necessary.
The spring barrel is mounted close to the base of the machine to prevent the
chain from getting underneath, the cover of the barrel being underneath so that
when the barrel is being cleaned by the operator there may be no disengagement
of the parts. The proper tension of the spring is secured by an adaptation of the

page_text: Geneva stop, the construction of which is however modified and will be understood
by reference to Figures 3, 8 and 11. Upon the lower end of the central pin M¹ of
the spring barrel M is fixed a star wheel M³ of substantially the construction usually
adopted in the Geneva stop excepting that this wheel is complete while the corre-
sponding wheel of the ordinary Geneva stop as used in a watch or musical box is
mutilated, being incomplete to the extent of at least one tooth. Upon the screw M'
underneath the base is fixed the disc M' provided with two teeth M and the
necessary recesses to allow of its proper engagement with the wheel M³ in the
manner of the Geneva stop. By this means, if the screw M (which may be
provided with a saw cut so as to be turned by a screw driver, or with a milled head
to be turned with the fingers) be turned in one direction, the disc M will operate
the wheel M and with it the pin M' to which the inner end of the spring contained
in the barrel M is secured, and so cither wind up the spring and increase its tension
or unwind the spring and decrease its tension, the spring being securely locked
between each operation in either direction. The disc M may be turned in either
direction so as to operate the wheel M' to the extent of one tooth of the star wheel
so as to slightly modify the tension of the spring or it may be moved to the extent
of several teeth of the star wheel and so modify the tension considerably or completely
wind up or unwind the spring.
To prevent damage and trouble arising from the slipping of the chain and too
rapid winding up thereof when the paper carriage is removed and the shock caused
thereby, the chain N is provided with a milled head N and a short piece of coiled
spring N'; the milled head engages in a slotted hole in the paper carriage and can
thus be easily attached and detached as required while the spring N engaging
between the periphery of the spring barrel M and the screw or stop N' prevents
the shock hitherto experienced when the chain slipped, the spring forming an elastic
cushion between the head N' and the stop and barrel. If desired the chain may
be
passed through a small funnel, the trumpet mouth of which would conveniently
receive the spring N'; however, the arrangement illustrated and above described is
found to work excellently. The scale holder O Fig. 4 carries the scale O¹ in the
usual manner and at each end is pivotted to the paper carriage at 02, and controlled
by a spring O³ so as to keep it pressed upon the platen O. Pivotted at O' Figs. 4
and 12 to the centre of the scale holder is a roller holder O which carries the
small roller O'; by this arrangement it will be observed that the roller being
drawn by the springs O against the periphery of the platen 0 will securely grip
the paper and will adjust itself to inequalities therein even though one side or edge
of the paper be much thicker than the other, as the roller holder O being capable
of turning upon its pivot the roller can adjust itself to lie in a different plane to
that of the platen and thus effect the desired object.
The paper table P Figs. 1, 2, 4, and 10 runs the whole length of the carriage and
is pivotted at each end at P¹ in the paper carriage and is turned by the springs P
one at each end so as to press the feed roller Ps into contact with the platen 04.
The feed roller Ps is carried in a roller holder P* pivotted at P' to the centre of the
paper table in the same manner as the roller holder 0 already described and fully
illustrated in Fig. 12 is pivotted to the centre of the scale holder O. The feed
roller Ps therefore is capable of adjusting itself to varying thicknesses or inequalities
of the paper in the same manner as the roller O' and a perfect feed without the aid
of rubber bands (which have a tendency to deteriorate) is thus obtained. The paper
table P also carries a margin guide P adapted to slide stiffly upon a rod P7 extending
for about one-third of the length of the paper table and secured to the underside
thereof. This guide may be moved by hand to any required point and is adapted
to guide the left edge of the paper while it is being inserted into the carriage thus
securing a margin of uniform breadth at the left edge of the sheets of paper so that
they all correspond.
The paper table 'P as already explained is pivotted at P¹ and is controlled by the
springs P (preferably one at each end) so as to normally assume the position
shown in Figure 4 with the roller P³ pressing upon the platen O*. When' it is

page_text: desired to remove the roller P³ from engagement with the platen O or for any
other reason to turn up the paper carriage it may be moved by the hand of the
operator into the position shown in Figure 10 where it may be held by any
convenient catch or catches P° at one or both ends and can thus be released at
pleasure.
Paper guide springs Q Fig. 4 serve to guide the paper around the platen; these
springs are fixed upon the carriage by screws Q' passing through recesses or slots Q
in the springs thus allowing the springs to be readily disconnected from the carriage
or moved backwards or forwards by merely loosening and re-tightening the screws
with a wrench.
The line spacing lever arrangement will be understood by reference to Fig. 13.
The wheel R is fixed upon the platen spindle and revolves with the platen and the
detent R is pivotted upon the carriage at R2 while the actuating pawl R³ is
pivotted at R upon the lever R whose centre of motion is also R, the lever R*
being operated by the spacing lever R pivotted at R' upon an extension of the
paper carriage and connected to the lever R' by the link R8 as shown in Fig. 3.
The spacing lever R is normally retained by the spring R with its operating end
elevated so as to raise the link R and with it the back end of the lever R³ to their
highest positions. By.moving the spacing lever R in the direction of the arrow in
Fig. 3 its operating end is depressed carrying down the back end of lever R³ and
raising the pawl R' which then engages with the teeth of the wheel R and turns it.
a greater or less distance according to the extent of movement imparted to the
lever R. The pawl R³ is controlled by a spring R" carried upon its pivot pin R
so that the point of the pawl is pressed forward into engagement with the teeth of
the wheel R when the lever R is moved. The pawl normally rests as shown in
Figure 13 upon the detent R' so that the platen may be turned by merely forcing
the detent R' out of engagement with the teeth, the detent R' carrying the
pawl R' with it clear of the teeth. The amount of movement imparted to the
lever R is regulated by the stop S pivotted at S¹ upon the tail of the detent R¹
and held in its required position by the spring S fixed by the screw S³ upon the
detent R. The fever R³ has a step R upon it and may have more than one such
step if required. As shown in Fig. 13 if the step R be moved down on to the end
of the stop S the wheel R will be rotated to the extent of a single tooth at each
such movement but if the stop S be turned upon its centre so as to clear the
step R then the back end of the lever R' can come also down and consequently its
other end can go higher up and by thus imparting a more extensive travel to the
pawl R two or even three teeth of the wheel R may be turned at each operation
of the lever R³. The spring S enters into recesses S₁ provided for the purpose in
the under side of the stop S. The stop S is operated by a gauge lever S Figs. 1,
2 and 3 and when this is turned farther than the extent of movement apportioned to
the stop S will permit of, it has the effect of turning the detent R' upon its
pivot R and moving it clear from engagement with the teeth of the wheel R.
When in this position the platen is entirely clear and can be turned in either
direction freely. The detent R¹ is controlled by a spring R" Figs. 3 and 13 coiled
around its pivot R' so as to cause it to engage with the teeth of the wheel R.
The arrangement for releasing the escapement so as to be able to move the
carriage in either direction by hand is accomplished by the lever V which carries
the spring or other arm V1 and is pivotted upon the carriage at V2. The end of
the arm Vengages with the bar V extending the length of the carriage having
its ends bent at right angles as shown in Figures 4 and 10 and caused by the
spring V Figure 3 normally to remain lifted out of engagement with the stud G"
projecting from the back of the straight dog G*. When the lever V is pushed in
towards the carriage the arm V' presses down upon the end of the bar V³ turning
it upon its pivots so as to bear upon the stud G" and thus by turning the dog G
upon its pivot withdraw it from engagement with the rack; the other dog G¹ being
normally out of engagement with the rack, the carriage can thus be moved freely
in either direction,

page_text: It is a matter of considerable convenience to be able easily and promptly and
without undoing any portion of the machine to remove the platen or paper roller
from the machine; hitherto this has been a fixture in the machine and could only
be removed by undoing screws and so forth. This is accomplished in the present
invention by means of the spring hooks U which as shown at Figure 10 are pivotted
at U one at each end of the machine and engaging with the spindle of the
platen O. These hooks are kept in engagement with the platen spindle by any
convenient arrangement of springs preferably the spring U2 shown coiled around
the spindle U¹ in Figure 3. By lifting back these hooks the platen can be removed.
The spindle of the platen lies in the recesses Us formed in the ends of the paper
carriage.
In Figure 14 is represented on an enlarged scale in section the bearing of the
type bars. This consists of a bracket T having an annular recessed groove T¹ and
a spherically shaped circular projection T and any suitable base T3 by which the
bracket is fastened to the frame of the machine preferably by a bolt passing
through a slot in the base. The type bar T is provided with an annular flange T
which fits into the annular groove T¹ in the bracket T the type bar being
spherically recessed at T so as to accommodate the spherical projection T2 of the
bracket. On the other side, the type bar is provided with a circular collar or
projection T in which is formed a slight conical recess Ts into which fits the
conical neck T of the screw T. The hole T" in the type bar is materially larger
in diameter than the screw T10 so that the type bar is held between the spherical
bearing T2 on the one side and the conical bearing T upon the other, which com-
bination is found to give excellent results providing an exceedingly free bearing
without appreciable side shake.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is ;-
_
1. In a type-writer the combination with the key levers of a locking device
whereby the depression of the keys is prevented substantially as and for the
purpose described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. In a type-writer the combination with the key levers of a locking bar such
as A with screwed ends A' and nuts A substantially as described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
3. In a type-writer the combination with the paper carriage of one or more hooks
such as B adapted to engage with corresponding holes B' in the paper carriage a
shaft B and nuts B' the whole constructed and operating substantially as and for
the purpose described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
4. In a type-writer the arrangement of the wires which connect the type bars
with the key levers at distances D' from the pivots D' of the type bars varying
according to the leverage of the key levers substantially as and for the purpose
described and illustrated in Fig. 2 of the accompanying drawings.
5. In a type bar bearing the combination with a spherically shaped bearing upon
one side of the bar of a coned bearing upon the other substantially as described and
illustrated in Fig. 14 of the accompanying drawings.
6. In a type-writer a ribbon spool adapted to be placed with either side adjacent
to the gear wheel which drives it substantially as described.
7. In a type-writer the combination with the ribbon spool E of grooved pins
such as E' slots E' in the gear wheel E' and wires or equivalent holding device E
substantially as described and illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6 of the accompanying
drawings.
8. In a type-writer a ribbon holder such as F* having slots F1 and openings F
thereto for the purpose of facilitating the entrance of the ribbon substantially as
described and illustrated in Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings.
9. In an escapement mechanism for a type-writing machine the combination with
the paper carriage rack G of two spring controlled independent dogs such as G' G*

page_text: operated by or from the bail H substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
D
10. In an escapement mechanism for a type-writing machine the combination
with spring controlled dogs such as G' G' and a bail H of pins or projections such
as GG substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
11. In a type-writer an automatic key board lock for preventing the superposing
of two letters at the end of a line and comprising a stop J³ adapted to be moved by
the bell trip and a spring controlled bolt J adapted to be moved by the carriage
through the stop J' into the path of the arm K secured upon the bail H substan-
tially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
12. In a type-writer the combination with the bail H with the automatic key-
board lock such as J* of an arm such as K pivotted upon the bail as at K¹ and
provided with an adjusting mechanism such as K' K' substantially as described
and illustrated in Figure 9 of the accompanying drawings.
13. In a type-writer the employment of a margin releasing device whereby the
margin stop may be moved out of the way of the paper carriage when it is desired
to write in the margin.
14. A margin releasing device adapted to move the margin stop out of the way
of the carriage when it is desired to write in the margin and comprising a pivotted
margin scale such as L a stop L₁ capable of being moved along the margin scale
when its teeth are turned out of engagement with the rack L a lever L' and
link L for connecting the scale and the lever a key lever "M R" and means for
connecting the key lever and the lever L³ substantially as described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
15. In a type-writer the combination with the spring barrel for operating the
paper carriage of a star wheel such as M' fixed upon the arbour to which the inner
end of the spring is attached and a toothed disc M* M adapted to be operated from
an accessible part of the machine substantially as described and illustrated in
Figures 8 and 11 of the accompanying drawings.
16. In a type-writer the combination with the chain N which connects the spring
barrel with the paper carriage of a spring or buffer such as N³ for the purpose of
preventing shock when the chain is let go substantially as described and illustrated
in Figure 8 of the accompanying drawings.
17. In a type-writer the combination with the bail H of a spring I non-rotating
screwed rod and nut 1 substantially as and for the purpose described and
illustrated in Figure 4 of the accompanying drawings.
18. In a type-writer pivotting the paper feed roller holder whereby the roller is
enabled to adapt itself to the requirements of inequalities of the paper substantially
as described and illustrated in Figure 12 of the accompanying drawings.
19. In a type-writer the combination with the paper table P of a roll such as P³
carried in a pivotted frame such as P' substantially as and for the purpose described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
20. In a type-writer the combination with the scale holder of a pivotted roll
holder such as O substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 12 of the
accompanying drawings.
21. In a type-writer a line-spacing mechanism comprising the toothed wheel R
rotating with the platen a detent such as R' lever R' spring-controlled pawl R³
stop S and levers R' and S³ the whole constructed and operating substantially as
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
22. In a type-writer the combination with the platen of spring hooks such as U
substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 17th dow of Around 1000
ALFRED J. BOULT,
Chartered Patent Agent.