Improvements in the Heating Arrangements of Domestic Ovens.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Mar., 1886.
Complete Left, 26th Nov., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 14th Jan., 1887.
Improvements in the Heating Arrangements of Domestic Ovens.
I, WALTER JOHNSON, of Crescent Cottages, Burley Wood, Leeds, in the County of
York, Compositor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
Domestic ovens are usually heated by burning fuel beneath them or by products of
combustion from the kitchen grate passing under and partially around the oven or by
both these ways. Inconvenience results in warm weather owing to the consequent
excessive temperature of the kitchen.
Now the object of this invention is to enable an oven to be readily heated when it
is inconvenient to use the ordinary fire, for which purpose supplementary apparatus
for heating by gas is provided within the lower portion of the interior of the oven,
such apparatus comprising a pipe with perforations or burners into which gas and air
are introduced, and which pipe enters by an opening at the side of the door a portion
of which is cut away to admit it. The pipe extends along one side, across the back
and back along the other side of the interior of the oven and the end of the pipe is
plugged or made up solid, the perforations or burners are arranged at intervals in
those parts of the pipe at the two sides of the oven, and in order that the perforations
or burners may be supplied with air to support combustion suitable perforations or a
slit or slits are made in the lower part of the door for the admission of the required
supply.
When it is desired to heat the oven in either one or both of the ordinary ways first
above mentioned the perforated pipe may readily be withdrawn from the oven and the
air and other opening or openings in the door be closed by a suitable slide or slides
or cover provided for that purpose.

page_text: Improvements in the Heating Arrangements of Domestic Ovens.
I WALTER JOHNSON of Crescent Cottages, Burley Wood, Leels, in the County of
York, compositor do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
Domestic ovens are usually heated by burning fuel beneath them, or by products of
combustion from the kitchen grate passing under and partially around the oven, or by
both these ways. Inconvenience results in warm weather owing to the consequent
excessive temperature in the kitchen.
Now the object of this Invention is to enable an oven to be readily heated when it is
inconvenient to use the ordinary fire, for which purpose supplementary apparatus for
heating by gas is provided within the lower portion of the interior of the oven, such
apparatus comprising a pipe with perforations or burners into which gas and air are
introduced, and which pipe enters by an opening at the side of the door, a portion of
which is cut away to admit it. The pipe extends along one side, across the back, and
back along the other side of the interior of the oven, and the end of the pipo is
plugged or made up solid. The perforations or burners are arranged at intervals in
those parts of the pipe at the two sides of the oven, and in order that the perforations
or burners may be supplied with air to support combustion, suitable perforations, or a
slit or slits, are made in the lower part of the door for the admission of the required
supply.
When it is desired to heat the oven in either one or both of the ordinary ways first
above mentioned, the perforated pipe may be readily withdrawn from the oven, and
the air and other opening or openings in the door be closed by a suitable slide or
slides, or cover provided for that purpose.
And in order that this my Iuvention may be more readily understood, reference is
given to the accompanying drawing and to the letters or marks thereon.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
The figure represents an ordinary kitchen oven, with the door open, having my
improved arrangements for heating the same by gas applied thereto. a is the gas pipe
leading from the house meter and provided with an ordinary gas cock. is an air
inlet to allow air to enter the oven pipe along with the gas. e is the oven pipe which
extends along one side, across the back of the oven, and along the other side towards
the front, entirely within the oven and at or near the bottom thereof. The pipe e
enters by an opening d in the lower corner of the door, a portion of which is cut
away to admit it. The end of this pipe e is plugged up or made solid, and the pipe is
provided with burners e or perforations, arranged at intervals in those parts of the
pipe at the two sides of the oven.
In order that sufficient air may be supplied to the gas issuing from the perforations
or burners, to ensure complete combustion, a slit is provided in the lower part of the
door, which slit can be opened or closed to any desired extent by a slide or cover.

page_text: A similar slit and cover g are provided at the upper part of the oven in the side next
to the chimney or fire place, or sometimes at the back, through which the products of
combustion escape directly to the chimney, and the great annoyance so often
previously arising from part of the products of combustion escaping into the kitchen
where gas heated stoves have been used is obviated.
For the purpose of strengthening the door where it has been weakened by the slits
for the entrance of the pipe c and admission of air, the lower hinge (having co-incident
slits or openings therein) is made to pass over this part of the door.
When it is desired to heat the oven by fire, in either one or both of the ordinary
ways first above mentioned, the perforated pipe e may be readily withdrawn from the
oven, and the air and exit openings fand g in the door and side or back of the oven,
are closed by the slides above mentioned.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my Invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1° For domestic ovens the arrangement and application of the pipe e at or near the
lower part of the oven, provided with burners or perforations for heating the oven by
gas, substantially as herein set forth and shewn in the accompanying drawing.
2° The use of the slits d and in the lower part of the oven door for the entrance of
the pipe e and the admission of air; and the combination with these of the slit for
the exit of the products of combustion; all arranged substantially as herein set forth
and shewn in the accompanying drawing.
3° The use of the lower hinge plate for strengthening the door where it has been
weakened by the openings d and f, substantially as herein set forth and shewn in the
accompanying drawing.