Improvements in the Enrichment of Materials Capable of being Used for Fuel.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Feb., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 18th Dec., 1899-Accepted, 17th Feb.,
1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Enrichment of Materials Capable of being Used
for Fuel.
I, WILLIAM MERRITT GILLAM, of 5, Whittington Avenue, Leadenhall Street,
in the City of London, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the process of preparing fuel in which peat or coal of
inferior quality, shales, or the like inferior carbonaceous mineral formations is,
after a preliminary process of drying, subjected to heat in a closed vessel that is
to say with a certain pressure and afterwards permitted to cool down so that the
valuable vapours which have been or might have been driven from such material
during such heating may return to the same or remain in the same whether in a
similar or altered state.
To further enhance the calorific value of such fuel product I employ a mineral
oil and preferably a soluble oil known in trade as Weygang's oil or a like soluble
oil, in such a manner that I introduce the oil into the aforesaid vessel preferably
in a dispersed or diffused state at or about the time when the heating, or as it
may be termed, carbonization of the fuel is completed and when therefore it is
commencing, or has, or is about to commence to cool down in order that the oil
may enter the materials with the returned or condensed gases or vapours and so
be well incorporated in the product.
Dated this 17th day of February 1899.
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Enrichment of Materials Capable of being Used
for Fuel.
I, WILLIAM MERRITT GILLAM, of 5, Whittington Avenue, Leadenhall Street,
in the City of London, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:―
This invention relates to the process of preparing fuel in which peat or coal
of inferior quality, shales, or the like inferior carbonaceous mineral formations
or waste material capable of being combusted, is, after a preliminary process of
drying; subjected to heat in a closed vessel, or retort, that is to say, with a certain
pressure and afterwards permitted to cool down so that the valuable vapours which
have been, or might have been, driven from such material during such heating
DO11

page_text: may return to the same or remain in the same whether in a similar or altered
state.
To further enhance the calorific value of such fuel product I employ a mineral
oil in the form of oil or vapour or gas or spray or coal gas and preferably a
soluble oil known in trade as "Weygang's oil" or a like soluble oil or gaseous
spray or vapour. For this purpose I introduce an oil in a cold liquid condition
into the pipes which lead into the retort and if such retort is at the time at a
comparatively high temperature the oil passes in in a state of vapour or gas and
such vapour or gas is absorbed by the contents of the retort. This is done at or
about the time when the heating, or as it may be termed, carbonization of the
fuel is completed and when therefore it is commencing, or has or is about to
commence to cool down in order thatitheoil spray gas or vapor may enter into
combination in a permanent form with the materials with the returned or con-
Adensed gases or vapours and so be well and lastingly incorporated in the product.
The substantial feature of this invention is that the added material for improv-
ing the calorific quality of the fuel should be present in the closed vessel at the
time, that the reabsorbtion takes place so that it may be in a position to enter
the fuel material when the latter.is. reabsorbing. the liquids and vapours' about it.
If the added material is unaffected by the heat used in the first part of the
process, or is only effected in such a way that its value for the purpose intended
is either enhanced or remains the same, it could be added at the commencement
of or during the heating of the material into which it is to be absorbed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is―
1. In the process of preparing materials capable of being used for fuel by heat-
ing the same is a closed vessel and re-absorbing the liquid gaseous or vapourous
products thereof, the introduction of enriching materials so that they become
absorbed in the material during its cooling within the closed vessel.
2. In the process of preparing materials capable of being used for fuel by
heating the same in a closed vessel and subsequently cooling the same therein,
the introduction of enriching materials at or near the completion of the heating
process so that they become absorbed by the aforesaid material or by the solid.
residue thereof during the cooling process.
Dated this 16th day of December 1800
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to Applicant, 18, Buckingham Street, Strand, W.C.