IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR CRUSHING GRINDING PULVERIZING OR SIMILARLY TREATING ORE GRAIN AND OTHER MATERIALS Communied
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the firm of Haseltine Lake
& Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR CRUSHING GRINDING PULVERIZING OR
SIMILARLY TREATING ORE GRAIN AND OTHER MATERIALS Communicated
to him from abroad by Robert McCully of the United States of America
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th August 1882.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake, and Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London, " IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR CRUSHING
GRINDING PULVERIZING OR SIMILARLY TREATING ORE GRAIN AND OTHER
MATERIALS " [A communication to him from abroad by Robert McCully of
the United States of America]
This Invention has relation to mills or mechanism for crushing and granulating
ore, and for pulverizing or finishing such material, and grinding grain and other
substances, and has for its object to provide an ore crusher or pulverizer of
extreme durability and great effectiveness, and so constructed that it will crush
and pulverize an increased quantity of ore in a given time with less expenditure
of power than can be accomplished with such class of machines as heretofore
constructed.
The first part of the said Invention accordingly consists in the novel construction,
combination, and arrangement of parts having reference particularly to the following
points:
First. To the provision of a jaw or jaws adapted and designed to reciprocate
longitudinally, such movable jaw or jaws moving upon friction-rollers, suitably
arranged upon the frame of the machine.
Second. To the provision of a jaw or jaws having a simultaneous longitudinal
and transverse reciprocating movement.
Third. To the provision of means for imparting to the jaw or jaws a simul-
taneous longitudinal and transverse reciprocating motion.

page_text: Fourth. To certain details of construction hereinafter more particularly and
fully set forth.
In carrying the said Invention into practice I provide frames having feet
through which pass screws or bolts by means of which said frames are rigidly
secured to suitable foundations or otherwise, as desired. Said frames are connected
together by transverse bolts which pass through tubes or nuts inside of, or between,
the lugs on the frames for the purpose of adjustment of the frames. The latter
have inclining sides. They are also formed with bearings for a cam or excentric
shaft and with dovetail slots into which pass and have movement therein, frames.
The latter form bearings for rods or shafts upon which are mounted friction rollers.
Crushing or working jaws are secured by screws or keys in supports or holders.
The latter are formed with longitudinal slots through which pass friction-rollers
so that said supports will rest and partially move on said rollers. There are
slots elongated vertically and formed in one of the ends of said supports and
through which pass the cams or excentrics formed on the shaft, whereby, when the
latter is rotated, the jaws are reciprocated longitudinally. The jaws are formed
with flaring corrugated faces and straight, smooth, and partially corrugated faces,
or the latter faces may be smooth and Hat throughout their entire surface, the first
named faces being the crushing faces and the other the pulverizing faces. The
flaring of the faces provide, for a hopper and if desired an extended hopper may
be attached thereto.
Between the inclined sides of the frames and jaw holders or supports are placed
anti-friction rollers, part of which rollers are sustained in a frame and roll during
the movement of the jaws against the adjacent surfaces of the incline and of one
jaw-holder. The other rollers rest against the surface of another jaw-holder and
upon a series of double inclining plates secured to the frame. The object of this
is as follows, viz, as one jaw is reciprocated longitudinally the rollers move up and
down the inclines and thereby cause said jaw to be reciprocated transversely, or
to and from, the other jaw. This transverse movement of the one jaw allows said
jaws to separate slightly so that the ore will gradually drop or fall between the
working faces and after being finely pulverized will fall out from between the jaws
thereby expediting the feeding or the movement of the ore through the machine.
It is designed that one of the jaws will be so constructed, or provided with
mechanism, that the tendency of the same will be to keep said jaw away, or out
of contact with the other jaw, or hold said jaw in close impingement upon its
rollers. For this purpose a spring is secured to the housing in any suitable
manner. There is a bracket secured to a jaw-holder and is formed with a
bifurcated end embracing the spring, and is provided with a roller so arranged
as to bear against said spring, the result whereof is that the elastic force of the
spring is exerted against the roller to cause the one jaw to hug its rollers and keep
it out of contact with the other jaw. Such contact of the jaws will be effected
only under the influence of the rollers moving up the inclines. To take up the
wear of the jaws I provide the following means; frames are formed with lugs
baving threaded openings for the reception of adjusting screws suitably screwed to
transverse bars bolted to the housings. If desired said screws may be provided
with handles or winches. On turning the latter the screws operate in lugs to
raise or lower the frames and with them the jaw-holders. If lowered, the inclining
sides of the housings cause the jaws to come together and thus the wear of the
same is compensated for.
According to modifications of mechanism for effecting the transverse reciprocation
of the jaw or jaws, the inclines are dispensed with, and the peripheries of the
friction-rollers are partially formed with sides or arcs of larger circles which meet
and form an apex; such rollers may be supported in a frame, and each roller
moving independently. Said rollers may each be provided with a rigid arm which
connects with a bar common to all said arms. Such connection of the rollers
causes all of them to move simultaneously in whatever direction they are designed
to travel. The rollers may have part of their peripheries formed with a surface

page_text: of larger diameter and the bar is connected to an excentric on the drawing shaft
so that said rollers will be positively actuated during each reciprocation of the
jaws. I may employ toggle-levers in substitution for the anti-friction rollers just
described to effect said transverse reciprocation of the jaws. The levers may be
provided with anti-friction roller bearings.
The above described forms of roller mechanism and their modifications all
accomplish the same result, viz the lateral movement of the jaws. Such movement
may be increased or diminished so as to obtain a quick or slow feed, as desired.
For instance, the length of the inclines may be such that the rollers will pass up
and down the same twice during each full longitudinal reciprocation of the jaws;
hence the latter will laterally recede or open from each other and approach or close
together twice during each such longitudinal reciprocation; the result whereof is
that the ore pulverized in the mill falls out thereof during such opening of the jaws,
and when the jaws open laterally twice during each longitudinal movement of
the same a quick feed is obtained. If the inclines be made of such length that
the roller will, during each full longitudinal movement of the jaws, travel only
from the base to the apex, and then back again, then only one opening and
closing of the jaws takes place, and in this case a slower feed is provided for.
The reciprocation of the jaws in different directions simultaneously results in
an angular pressure falling upon the ore to be crushed. Consequently such ore
is more readily crushed and pulverized and with less wear and tear of the working
faces of the jaws;
According to a modification of construction of my Invention the excentric shaft
is supported in bearings separate from the housings and is connected to the jaw
holders by a connecting rod or link. The friction-rollers, instead of passing through
slots in the jaw-holders herein pass above and below said holders. Such con-
struction permits of a solid jaw-holder throughout its entire length, there being no
slots whatever formed therein.
According to a still further modification one of the housings is so formed that it
sub-serves the double purpose of a housing for the mill and as a jaw-holder, one jaw
being secured directly thereto, and the rollers are dispensed with, said housing
being in other respects constructed substantially as above described, the other jaw
only reciprocating. In such construction only one excentric on the shaft is used,
and only one set of anti-friction rollers or toggles is employed
Such construction I deem the most preferable one where cheapness of manu-
facturing is desirable.
The spring and bracket may be secured to the housing and jaw holder
respectively, for effecting a separation of the jaws. But such result may be
accomplished by means wherein the jaws have their ends formed in vertical lines.
The rollers on shafts extend thereon only a slight distance beyond said vertical
sides of the jaw-holders, the middle parts of said shafts or rods not rotating, and
on which are placed in any suitable manner loose collars between which, and
surrounding said rods or shafts, is a spiral-spring. Between the collars and the
jaw-holders are placed friction-rollers sustained in frames; said frames and rollers
are held in position by means of lugs cast on said jaw-holders and upon which
said frames rest and nove. The rollers are held in close impingement with the
jaw-holders by the elastic force of the springs, thereby tending to keep said jaws
apart. When said jaws are reciprocated the movement of the roller lessens the
friction of such reciprocation. In all other respects the construction is substantially
as heretofore described.
In setting the jaws for working I deem it a preferable plan to so arrange them
that when their straight or vertical surfaces are pulverizing the ore, they will be
taking their feed on their upper flaring surfaces, and when crushing between their
flaring parts, the ore previously pulverized will then be effecting its exit from
between the straight surfaces of the jaws. In case it is designed to use the
mill for crushing purposes only, the jaws are set the desired distances apart by
manipulating cranks provided for the purpose.

page_text: The slots in the frames fit the rollers, but the shafts upon which the rollers are
placed have their bearings in the other frames. Hence when adjustment is
made to take up the wear of the jaws, the screws are loosened, thereby permitting
the frames to descend and push one frame further apart from another frame. The
more one frame so moves the greater will be the descent of the other frames. As
the latter so move, the jaws automatically come together by reason of their resting
upon the inclined rollers. But I do not limit myself to said described means or
manner of effecting such adjustment. Some of the frames may, if desired, be
permanently fixed in position and the jaw-holders be provided with worm and
gear mechanism so that by turning a handle or crank the jaws are adjusted to and
from each other as desired.
The rollers may be interposed between the frames and the jaw holders, the
inclines being dispensed with, and the rollers made cylindrical; in such case the jaws
have only a longitudinal movement. The ends of the jaw-holders are provided with
removable face-plates; such plates are attached to wedges or keys and the latter are
placed in slots in said jaw-holders so that as the face of the jaws wear away more
rapidly than the face-plates the latter are removed from the jaw-holders and
replaced by new or thinner face-plates to permit of the necessary adjustment or
bringing together of the jaws.
The jaw-holders may be composed of two parts or divided, such parts being
secured together by bolts or screws. Such construction permits of the removal of
the jaw-holders from the machine without disturbing the driving or operating
shaft and its bearings. The opening in said holders may be lined with steel
bearing plates and the cams have steel sleeves thereon to prevent undue wear, or
too rapid deterioration of such parts.
The second part of my Invention has relation to that class of grinding mills in
which the grinding discs are mounted upon separate and unaligning shafts in such
manner that a portion of one grinding disc overlaps a part of the other disc.
Said discs being so arranged that they are closed, or nearly so, from their centres
towards the peripheries of their lower parts and opened from their centres towards
their top edges to receive the feed.
Heretofore such mills have been so constructed as to have the grinding discs
pressed, or caused to come together, by means of appliances which exerted a pressure
in the line of, or on, the shafts upon which said discs were mounted.
Such construction not only results in a waste of power owing to the undue
friction produced by the lateral straining of the driving shafts and pedestals and
the positive friction caused by the pressure of the step bearing against the ends of
said shafts, but is also open to the disadvantage that the pressure intended to bo
exerted upon the grinding discs is not directly applied to that part of the discs
which effect the grinding.
My Invention has for one of its objects to avoid such disadvantages by so con-
structing the mill that the mill or driving shafts are perfectly free of lateral strain
and end pressure and the grinding discs are provided with appliances for exerting
or supporting any desired pressure required upon the parts of the discs between
which the grinding operation takes place. To this end my Invention consists in
the novel construction, combination, and arrangement of parts having especial
reference to the provision of two movable frames located back of the grinding
discs. Between said discs and frames are placed friction-rollers, said frames
forming bearings for the driving shafts, and are provided with mechanism for
adjusting the frames towards the grinding discs to exert any desired pressure upon
them, to take up the wear of their grinding surfaces and also to vary the grade of
grinding of the discs.
Grinding discs are mounted on separate shafts which are out of line with one
another so that the discs overlap each other about one half of their grinding
surfaces. The latter are made separate from said discs but secured thereto by
screw, bolts. The rear side of each disc is formed with a peripheral flange and an
annular projecting ring the face of which is inclined.

page_text: There are frames having grooved ends adapted to rest upon, and slide on, tongue
bars or blocks secured to the frame of the mill. Said grooves and tongues may, if
desired, be formed so as to interlock with each other to permit the frames to serve
as connecting bars for bracing the main frame at its centre.
The frames with grooved ends have annular flanges on their front faces, also
rings, the faces of which have an inclination corresponding to that of the rings of the
discs. Said frames are provided with bearings for the forward ends of the shafts.
The rings form seats or ways for friction-rollers in annular frames which have
central openings and are mounted upon the hubs of the discs and of the frames.
There are nuts having threaded openings. Said nuts are rigidly secured to the
frames by screws or bolts. Into said nuts pass threaded rods.
The end of one rod is seated upon a block secured to a brace and is provided
with a retaining collar and an angular collar to which a wrench is applied for
turning the said rod to adjust one frame to and from the disc.
The other screw-rod also has an angular collar or end for like purposes. Said
rod passes through the brace in order that a spring may be placed thereon between
the brace and nut to afford a spring-support for said rod.
If desired, said spring may be dispensed with, or both screw-rods may be provided
with a spring.
Collars are secured to shafts immediately to the rear of the frames; said collars
hold the discs back against the friction-rollers so that the grinding surfaces of the
discs will be under full control of the screw rods and all irregular movement of the
grinding discs to and from each other, is avoided.
The rear ends of shafts have their bearings in pillow blocks secured to the main
frame and there are driving pulleys for said shafts.
The screw-rods are in line with each other and with the overlapping portions of
the grinding discs, and the latter are supported on each side of the shafts by the
frames. Hence, as the screw-rods are turned to cause the frames to move towards
each other, a pressure is exerted upon the grinding discs which is equally distributed
over the entire area of said discs. The extent of such pressure may be varied by
increasing or diminishing the adjustment of the screw-rods.
The discs being supported on each side of their respective shafts and rolling on
the friction rollers, all lateral strain on the shafts is avoided.
The provision of the frames and screw-rods dispenses with the necessity of end
pressure on said shafts. Hence, power applied to the latter, exerts almost its entire
force upon the grinding and a large portion of such power is not therefor used up
or wasted in overcoming the friction of the lateral strain and end pressure of the
driving shafts as has heretofore been the case.
To adjust the discs in relation to each other so that the bottom of their over-
lapped parts shall be but slightly separated from each other, while their upper parts
are divergent for the introduction of a hopper or the feed, I provide the following
instrumentalities which may or may not be employed, their use depending upon
the nature, amount, and size of the material to be ground.
If desired, the mill may be so constructed that the discs have a movement to and
from each other only, or they may have a lateral and vertical movement in
addition thereto.
In the latter case the shafts and frames are secured in, or placed upon, the
secondary frames pivotted to the main frame. The frames have slotted ends for
the passage of set screws. When the latter are loosened the secondary frames may
be raised or lowered to skew the shafts from a horizontal plane, causing the
lower parts of the discs to come together while their upper parts recede from each
other.
To provide for a lateral adjustment of the discs and shafts the tongued blocks
are slotted for the passage of screws and are centrally pivotted to the secondary
frames. The pillow blocks are constructed so that when the set screws are loosened
said blocks have liberty of lateral movement on a plate secured by bolts to the
secondary frames.

page_text: When the screws are loosened the frames and shafts may be moved laterally, the
blocks turn upon their pivotal connections to adjust themselves to the movement
of said frames and shafts, whereupon the set-screws are tightened up to hold the
pillow-blocks in a fixed position to maintain such lateral adjustment.
If desired, the friction-roller sustaining frames may be dispensed with and the
rollers held in place between the discs and frames by means of bearings formed
integrally with the discs or with the frames.
So too, instead of employing a wrench or similar implement to effect adjust-
ment of the rods, they may be provided with worm and gear mechanism for
accomplishing such result.
I provide an automatic feed mechanism for the discs wherein a valve has a
comb-like lower edge and is secured to a shaft so as to be raised or lowered by
means of a set screw working in a slot. This shaft is connected to another shaft
by means of adjustable slotted arms and a set screw. The latter shaft has its
bearing in a bracket secured to the frame of the machine and is provided with a
double pointed tripper. Upon the disc is located a cam in line with the tripper so
that as the disc revolves, the cam strikes and alternately raises each end of said
tripper, thereby oscillating the second shaft which in turn correspondingly moves
the first shaft and vibrates the valve. As the latter moves, a certain portion of the
feed passes through the openings between the teeth and is conducted by the
hopper tube to the grinding discs. By raising or lowering the valve and
adjusting the connection of the shafts any desired variation of the feed may
be obtained.
If desired the rollers may be arranged in contact with one another and be
without journals on their ends.
So too, the sustaining frames may have a roller-bearing, in which case the weight
of said frame and rollers falls wholly upon the sliding frames, thereby relieving the
shafts of strain resulting therefrom.
In the application of the second part of my Invention to grist, grain, or other
mills, the stones or dises may be burr stones, iron plates, or of any other desirable
material.
Both the upper and lower stones are in some cases designed and adapted to
rotate, in which case the sliding frames and rollers are provided for each such stone.
One frame is adjusted by means of a screw and the spring-seat therefor, permits the
lower stone to yield to and from the upper stone. The latter is raised or lowered
by means of gear and worm mechanism but any other suitable device therefor
may be employed.
The upper or bed stone may be fixed in position and its screw feed operated by
the shaft.
The burr or other stones may be placed slightly out of axial line with each other,
the upper
stone being fixed and having a screw feed operated by gear mechanism,
or the belt pulley may be applied directly to the screw-shaft.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd February 1883.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE of the firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR CRUSHING,
GRINDING, PULVERIZING OR SIMILARLY TREATING ORE, GRAIN, AND OTHER
MATERIALS." A communication to me from abroad by Robert McCully, of the
United States of America
This invention relates to mills or mechanism for crushing and granulating ore,
and for pulverizing or finishing such material, and grinding grain and other
substances, and its chief object is to provide an ore crusher or pulverizer of extreme
durability and great effectiveness, and so constructed that it will crush and
pulverize an increased quantity of ore in a given time with less expenditure of
power than can be accomplished with such class of machines as heretofore
constructed.
One part of the said invention accordingly consists in the novel construction,
combination, and arrangement of parts having reference particularly to the
following points viz first, to the provision of a jaw or jaws adapted and designed
to reciprocate longitudinally, such movable jaw or jaws moving upon friction
rollers, suitably arranged upon the frame of the machine, second, to the provision
of a jaw or jaws having a simultaneous longitudinal and transverse reciprocating
movement, third, to the provision of ineans for imparting to the jaw or jaws a
simultaneous longitudinal and transverse reciprocating motion, and fourth, to
certain details of construction hereinafter more particularly and fully set forth.
Another part of the said invention relates to that class of grinding mills, in
which the grinding discs are mounted upon separate shafts out of line with each
other, in such a manner, that a portion of one grinding disc overlaps a part of the
other disc, the said discs being so arranged that, they are closed or nearly so
from their centres towards the peripheries of their lower parts, and opened from
their centres towards their top edges to receive the feed.
Heretofore such mills have been so constructed as to have the grinding discs
pressed or caused to come together, by means of appliances which exerted a
pressure, in the line of, or, on the shafts upon which the said discs were mounted.
Such construction not only results in a waste of power, owing to the undue
friction produced by the lateral straining of the driving shafts and pedestals, and
the positive friction caused by the pressure of the step bearing against the ends of
said shafts, but is also open to the disadvantage, that the pressure intended to be
exerted upon the grinding discs is not directly applied to that part of the discs
which effect the grinding.
The object of this part of the said invention is to obviate these disadvantages, by
so constructing the mill, that the mill or driving shafts are perfectly free from
lateral strain and end pressure, and providing the grinding discs with appliances
for exerting or supporting any desired pressure required upon the parts of the discs
between which the grinding operation takes place. To this end this part of the
said invention consists in the novel construction combination, and arrangement of
parts, having especial reference to the provision of two movable frames located
behind the grinding discs. Between the said discs and frames are placed friction-
rollers, the said frames forming bearings for the driving shafts and being provided
with mechanism for adjusting them towards the grinding discs to exert any desired-

page_text: vary the grade of grinding of the discs.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 is a transverse vertical section of a crushing and pulverizing machine
constructed according to this invention.
Figure 2 is a plan of the same partly in section
Figure 3 is a detail plan of same.
Figure 4 is a plan of part of the frame and one of the jaw holders with the
interposed cam rollers for imparting a transverse movement to the said holder or
the crushing or operating jaw
Figure 5 is a similar view of the same, showing the said rollers, provided with
arms connected to a bar common to all the said arms
Figure 6 is a similar view showing the bar connected to excentric mechanism on
the driving shaft.
Figure 7 is a vertical section of the rollers and frame shown in Figure 6
Figure 8 is a plan of the toggle mechanism for effecting the transverse movement
of the jaws.
Figure 9 is a similar view of such toggle mechanism, provided with anti friction
roller bearings.
Figure 10 is a side elevation illustrating a slight modification in the construction
of the improved crusher and pulverizer.
Figure 11 is a plan of the improved mill wherein one of the jaws is stationary.
Figure 12 is a transverse vertical section on the line x, x Figure 2.
Figure 13 is a plan, partly in section, of a modification
Figure 14 is an elevation of a part of the same drawn to an enlarged scale.
Figures 15 and 16 are diagrams illustrating the preferable mode of setting the
crushing and pulverizing jaws to obtain the best results.
Figure 17 is a plan of the modification of the crushing mill shown in Figure 2
and wherein the rollers and the jaws are arranged to have a longitudinal movement
only.
Figure 18 is a side elevation of one end of a jaw, partly sectional, provided with
steel bearing plates and divided in such a manner that the main body of the jaw
may be removed from the machine without disturbing the power or driving shaft
and its bearings.
Figure 19 is a plan, partly in section showing the sleeves on the cams secured to
the driving shaft.
Figure 20 is a plan view showing the application of the worm and screw to the
jaws for adjusting the same to take up the wear thereof or vary the fineness of the
crushing or grinding.
Figure 21 is a plan partly in section of the pulverizer or finisher.
Figure 22 is a side elevation of the same.
Figure 23 is a detail longitudinal section of the shaft bearing
Figure 24 is a detail plan of the same.
Figure 25 is a transverse vertical section partly in elevation of the pulverizer or
finisher.
Figure 26 is a detail plan of the friction rollers and the frame therefor.
Figure 27 is an end view of one of the finishing discs and the automatic feed
mechanism therefor, the latter being in section
Figure 28 is an elevation of a part of the same
Figure 29 is a perspective view of the same.
Figure 30 is a plan illustrating a modification of the rollers and the frame
therefor.
Figure 31 is a detail section showing a modification of the bearing for the
friction roller frame
Figure 32 is an elevation partly sectional of a grain or similar mill
embodying these improvements, and arranged to have the upper and lower
stones revolve.

page_text: Figure 33 is a like view with a fixed upper or bed stone and a lower running
stone and
Figure 34 is a similar view of the same showing the runner or its shaft out of
line with the centre of the bed stone
Referring to Figures 1, 2, 3 and 12 A, A¹ represent the frames of the improved
crusher and pulverizer having feet a, a through which pass screws or bolts a¹, a¹ by
means of which the said frames are rigidly secured to suitable foundations or
otherwise as desired. The said frames are connected together by transverse bolts
a², a, which pass through tubes or nuts a, as inside, or between the lugs on the
frames, for the purpose of adjustment of the said frames. The latter have inclining
sides as, as as shown. They are also formed with bearings a, a' for the cam or
excentric shaft B, and with dovetailed slots a³, a³ into which the frames C, C¹ pass
and have movement therein. The latter form bearings for rods or shafts b, upon
which are mounted the friction rollers b', 61, D, D' represent the crushing or
working jaws, secured by screws or keys du, d" in supports or holders E, E'. The
latter are formed with longitudinal slots e, e through which pass the friction
rollers b', 6', so that the said supports will rest and partially move on the said
rollers. e¹, e¹ are slots elongated vertically, and formed in one of the ends of the
said supports, and through which pass the cams or excentrics B¹, B₁ formed on the
shaft B, whereby, when the latter is rotated, the jaws D, D₁ are reciprocated
longitudinally. The said jaws D, D¹ are formed with flaring corrugated faces d, d,
and straight smooth and partially corrugated faces d¹, d¹, or the latter faces may
be smooth and flat throughout their entire surface. The faces d, d being the
crushing faces and d¹, d¹ the pulverizing faces. The flaring of the faces d, d,
provides for a hopper F as shown and if desired an extended hopper may be
attached thereto.
This
Between the inclined sides a³, a³ of the frames and jaw holders or supports E, E¹
are placed anti-friction rollers G, G'. The rollers G are sustained in a frame and
roll during the movement of the jaws against the adjacent surfaces of the incline a³
and of jaw holder E. The rollers G¹ rest against the surface of another jaw
holder E, and upon a series of double inclining plates H secured to the frame A¹,
as shown. The object of this is as follows viz as the jaw D¹ is reciprocated
longitudinally, the rollers G¹ move up and down the inclines H, and thereby causė
the said jaw to be reciprocated transversely to and from the jaw D.
transverse movement of the jaw D¹ allows the said jaws to separate slightly, so
that the ore will gradually drop or fall between the working faces, and after being
finely pulverized will fall out from between the jaws, thereby expediting the
feeding or the movement of the ore through the machine. It is designed that the
jaw D' shall be so constructed or provided with mechanism, that the tendency of
the same will be to keep the said jaw away from or out of contact with the jaw D,
or hold the jaw D₁ in close impingement upon its rollers G¹. For this purpose a
spring his secured to the framing in any suitable manner. I is a bracket secured
to a jaw holder E¹, formed with a bifurcated end i embracing the spring hand
provided with a roller so arranged as to bear against the said spring has shown
in Figures 1 and 2. The result whereof is, that the elastic force of the spring h
is exerted against the roller ¹ to cause the jaw D¹ to hug its rollers G' and keep
it out of contact with the other jaw D. Such contact of the jaws will be effected
only under the influence of the rollers moving up the inclines H. To compensate for
the wear of the jaws I provide the following means, that is to say, the frames C C¹
are formed with lugs c, having threaded openings c¹ for the reception of adjusting
screws c² suitably secured to transverse bars c bolted at to the frame. If
desired the said screws may be provided with handles or winches c³.
On turning
the latter the screws c operate in the lugs c to raise or lower the frames C C¹ and
with them the jaw holders E E¹. If lowered the inclining sides of the framing
cause the jaws to come together and thus the wear of the same is compensated for.
In Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7 I have shewn modifications of mechanism for effecting
the transverse reciprocation of the jaw or jaws wherein the inclines H are dispensed

page_text: with, and the peripheries of the friction rollers G¹ are partially formed with sides
or arcs of larger circles, as shewn at g, g, which meet in the apex glas shewn in
Figures 4 and 5. In Figure 4 such rollers are represented as being supported in a
frame and each roller moving independently. În Figure 5 the said rollers are
each provided with a rigid arm 9' which connects with a bar G² common to all
the said arms.
Such connection of the rollers causes all of them to move
simultaneously in whatever direction they are designed to travel. In Figure 6 the
rollers have part of their peripheries formed with a surface of larger diameter as
shewn at gs, and the bar G³ is connected to an excentric g* on the driving shaft B,
so that the said rollers will be positively actuated during each reciprocation of the
jaws. In Figures 8 and 9 I have shewn toggle levers K, K, which may be
substituted for the anti-friction rollers just described, to effect the said transverse
reciprocation of the jaws.
In Figure 9 the levers K are
bearings k k.
shewn provided with anti-friction roller
The above described forms of roller mechanism and their modifications all
accomplish the same result, viz., the lateral movement of the jaws, such movement
may be increased or diminished so as to obtain a quick or slow feed as desired.
For instance the length of the inclines H may be such, that the rollers will pass
up and down the same twice during each full longitudinal reciprocation of the
jaws, hence the latter will laterally recede or open from each other, and approach
or close together twice during each such longitudinal reciprocation; the result
whereof is, that the ore pulverized in the mill falls out during such opening of the
jaws, and when the jaws open laterally twice during each longitudinal movement
of the same a quick feed is obtained. Such number of openings and closings of
the jaws is produced when the modifications shewn in Figures 7 to 9 are employed
with like results, viz., a quick feed. But, if the inclines H be made of such length
that the roller will, during each full longitudinal movement of the jaws, travel
only from the base to the apex, and then back again, then only one opening and
closing of the jaws takes place, and in this case a slower feed is provided for.
The reciprocation of the jaws in different directions simultaneously results in an
angular pressure falling upon the ore to be crushed. Consequently such ore is
more readily crushed and pulverized and with less wear and tear of the working
faces of the jaws. In Figure 10 I have shewn a slight modification of construction
of my invention, wherein the excentric shaft B is supported in bearings b³ separate
from the frames A A¹, and is connected to the jaw holders E E' by a connecting
rod or link B. The friction rollers 62, instead of passing through slots in the jaw
holders, as shewn in Figure 1, here pass above and below the said holders as
illustrated. Such construction permits of a solid jaw holder throughout its entire
length, there being no slots whatever formed therein.
In Figure 11 I have shewn a still further modification wherein one of the
frames A is so formed, that it serves the double purpose, of a housing for the mill,
and as a jaw holder, the jaw D being secured directly thereto as shewn, and the
rollers G G are dispensed with the said housing being in other respects constructed
substantially as above described, the jaw D' only reciprocating. In such con-
struction only one excentric on the shaft B is used, and only one set of anti-friction
rollers G or toggles K is employed.
This construction I deem the most preferable where cheapness of manufacturing
is desirable.
In Figures 1 and 2 I have shewn the spring h and bracket I secured to the
housing A¹ and jaw holder E' respectively for effecting a separation of the jaws. But
such result may be accomplished by means shewn in Figures 13 and 14 wherein
the jaws holders E E' have their ends f formed in vertical lines. The rollers b¹ on
the shaft b extend thereon only a slight distance beyond the said vertical sides of
the jaw holders. The middle parts 65 of the said shafts or rods not rotating, and
on which are placed in any suitable manner loose collars be between which and
surrounding the said rods or shafts is a spiral spring L. Between the collars 6º

page_text: and the jaw bolders are placed friction rollers sustained in frames the said
frames and rollers are held in position by means of lugs m cast on the said jaw
holders and upon which the said frames l' rest and move. The rollers are held in
close impingement with the jaw holders by the elastic force of the springs L, thereby
tending to keep the said jaws apart. When the jaws are reciprocated the movement
of the roller lessens the friction of such reciprocation. In all other respects the
construction is substantially as heretofore described.
In setting the jaws for working I deem it preferable to so arrange them, that,
when their straight or vertical surfaces are pulverizing the ore, they will be taking
their feed on their upper flaring surfaces, and when crushing between their flaring
parts, the ore previously pulverized will then be effecting its exit from between the
straight surfaces of the jaws. Such arrangement is shewn in Figures 15 and 16.
In the former figure the jaws are represented as having completed one half of their
longitudinal reciprocation, the rollers G₁ being at the apex of the inclines H, con-
sequently the said jaws have also been moved transversely to close together. In
such position their corrugations register with each other, as shewn, and they then
take their feed. During such movement there has been only a slight crushing
action performed by the upper flaring surfaces of the jaws, but their straight or
lower surfaces have more or less completely pulverized any ore that may have been
in position between them.
When the jaws have completed their return longitudinal reciprocation, the
rollers G¹ are then at the bases of the inclines H consequently the jaws have also
moved transversely to open from each other, and in such position their corrugations
do not coincide as shewn in Figure 16.
During such movement, their flaring surfaces are crushing the ore placed or fed
between them, while ore previously pulverized by their straight lower surfaces
finds its exit therefrom, and the more or less finely divided ore above, then finds
its way down to the said straight portions of the jaws, to be pulverized during the
succeeding movements as above described. Such arrangement and operation of the
jaws as I have stated I consider the most available to effect the best working
results, but they may be varied as desired. In case it is designed to use the mill
for crushing purposes only, the jaws are set the desired distances apart by
manipulating the cranks c
It will be noticed that the slots in the frames E E¹ fit the rollers b', but the
shafts upon which the rollers are placed have their bearings in the frames C C¹ as
shewn in Figure 12. Hence, when adjustment is made to take up the wear of the
jaws, the screws a¹ a¹ of the frame A are loosened, thereby permitting the frames
C C¹ to descend and push the frame A¹ further from the frame A. The more the
frame A so moves, the greater will be the descent of the frames C C¹. As the
latter so move, the jaws automatically come together, by reason of their resting
upon the inclined rollers G G¹. I do not limit myself to the described means or
manner of effecting such adjustment. The frames A A' may if desired be perma-
nently fixed in position, and the jaw holders be provided with worm and gear
mechanism N as shewn in Figure 20, so that by turning the handle or crank NⓇ the
jaws are adjusted to and from each other as desired.
In Figure 17 I have shewn the rollers G G₁ interposed between the frames A A'
and the jaw holders, the inclines H H being dispensed with, and the rollers G G¹.
made cylindrical, in such case the jaws D D¹ have only a longitudinal movement.
In the said Figure I have also shewn the ends d³ of the jaw holders provided with
removable face plates d. Such plates are attached to wedges or keys d³ do and
the latter are placed in slots de in the said jaw holders as illustrated so that
as the face of the jaws wear away more rapidly than the face plates d*, the latter
are removed from the jaw holders and replaced by new or thinner face plates, to
permit of the necessary adjustment or bringing together of the jaws.
In Figure 18 the jaw holders are shewn as composed of two parts or divided on
the lines y y such parts being secured together by bolts or screws d¹³. This con-
struction permits of the removal of the jaw holders from the machine without

page_text: disturbing the driving or operating shaft and its bearings. The opening e' in the
said holders is represented as being lined with steel bearing plates E and the
cams B B have steel sleeves B₁ thereon, to prevent undue wear or too rapid
deterioration of such parts.
Referring to Figures 21-31 inclusive of the accompanying drawings which refer
more particularly to the second part of the said invention--A represents the main
frame of the machine, B and B₁ the grinding discs mounted on separate shafts C
and C respectively which are out of line with one another manner as shewn, so
that the discs overlap about one half of their grinding surfaces bb. The latter
are made separate from the said discs but are secured thereto by screw bolts b' b¹.
The rear side b² of each disc is formed with a peripheral flange b' and an annular
projecting ring b¹ the face of which is inclined as shewn.
D and D are frames having grooved ends d adapted to rest upon and slide on
the tongue bars or blocks E and E¹ secured to the frame of the mill. The said
grooves and tongues may if desired, be formed as shewn in Figure 25, so as to
interlock with each other to permit the frames D and D¹ to serve as connecting
bars for bracing the frame A at its centre.
The frames D and D¹ have annular flanges d¹ on their front faces also rings d²,
the faces of which have an inclination corresponding to that of the rings 6 of the
discs. The said frames are provided with bearings d³ ³ for the forward ends of
the shafts C and C'. The rings b d form seats or ways for the friction rollers ff,
in annular frames F F¹ which have central openings ff and are mounted upon
the hubs d' of the discs and of the frames as shewn in Figure 21. G G' are nuts
having threaded openings g g, the said nuts are rigidly secured to the frames D D'
by screws or bolts g' g¹. Into the said nuts pass the rods H H' threaded at h h².
The end of the rod H¹ is seated upon a block secured to a brace M¹ and is
provided with a retaining collar h² and an angular collar h³, to which a wrench is
applied for turning the rod H¹ to adjust the frame D¹ to and from the disc B'.
The screw-rod H also has an angular collar or end ³ for like purposes. The said
rod is shewn as passing through the brace M, in order that a spring L may be
placed thereon between the brace M and nut h*, to afford a spring support for the
said rod H.
If desired the said spring may be dispensed with, or both screw-rods HH' may
be provided with a spring.
NN represent collars secured to the shafts C and C¹ immediately to the rear of
the frames D and D' as shewn in Figure 21, the said collars hold the discs B and B¹
back against the friction rollers ff so that the grinding surfaces of the discs will
be under full control of the screw rods H H and all irregular movement of the
grinding discs to and from each other is avoided.
The rear ends of shafts C C' have their bearings in the pillow blocks OO
secured to the frame A and P P are driving pulleys for the said shafts.
The screw rods HH' are in line with each other and with the overlapping
portions of the grinding discs, and the latter are supported on each side of the shafts
by the frames D D'. Hence as the screw-rods H H are turned to cause the frames
to move towards each other, a pressure is exerted upon the grinding discs which is
equally distributed over the entire area of the said discs. The extent of such
pressure may be varied by increasing or diminishing the adjustment of the
screw-rods H H¹.
The discs B B' being supported on each side of their respective shafts and
rolling on the friction rollers ff, all lateral strain on the shafts Ĉ C' is avoided.
The provision of the frames D D and screw rods H H¹ dispenses with the
necessity of end pressure on said shafts, hence power applied to the latter exerts
almost its entire force upon the grinding, and a large portion of such power is not
therefore used up or wasted in overcoming the friction of the lateral strain and
end pressure of the driving shafts as has heretofore been the case
To adjust the discs in relation to each other, so that the bottom of their over-
lapped parts shall be but slightly separated from each other while their upper

page_text: parts are divergent for the introduction of a hopper or the feed, I provide the
following instrumentalities which may or may not be employed, their use depending
upon the nature, amount, and size of the material to be ground.
If desired, the mill may be so constructed that the discs have a movement to
and from each other only, or they may have a lateral and vertical movement in
addition thereto. In the latter case the shafts C C¹ and frames D D' are secured
in or placed upon the secondary frames A² A¹ pivotted at a to the main frame A.
The frames A have slotted ends a² for the passage of set screws a³. When the
latter are loosened the frames A¹ may be raised or lowered to skew the shafts CC'
from a horizontal plane causing the lower parts of the discs to come together,
while their upper parts recede from each other.
To provide for a lateral adjustment of the discs and shafts, the tongued blocks E
are slotted at ee for the passage of screws e¹ and are centrally pivotted at e* to the
frames A¹. The pillow blocks O are constructed as shewn in Figures 3 and 4 so
that when the set screws o are loosened the said blocks have liberty of lateral
movement on the plate o² secured by bolts o³ to frames A³.
When the screws o are loosened the frames D D¹ and shafts may be moved
laterally, the blocks E and O turn upon their pivotal connections to adjust them-
selves to the movement of the said frames and shafts, whereupon the set screws o
are tightened to hold the pillow blocks in a fixed position to maintain such lateral
adjustment.
If desired the friction roller sustaining the frames F may be dispensed with, and
the rollers held in place between the discs and frames by means of bearings formed
integrally with the discs or with the frames.
So too, instead of employing a wrench or similar implement to effect adjustment
of the rods H H', they may be provided with worm and gear mechanism for
accomplishing such result.
In Figures 27, 28, and 29 I have shewn an automatic feed mechanism for the
discs B B', wherein the valve Q has a comb-like lower edge q and is secured to
shaft q', so as to be raised or lowered by means of the set screw q2 working in a
slot q. The shaft ql is connected to the shaft p by means of adjustable slotted
arms p¹ p² and set screw p³. The shaft p has its bearing in a bracket P secured to
the frame of the machine, and is provided with a double pointed tripper R. Upon
the disc B is located a cam r in line with the tripper R, so that as the disc B
revolves, the cam strikes and alternately raises each end of the said tripper,
thereby oscillating the shaft p, which in turn correspondingly moves the shaft q'
and vibrates the valve Q. As the latter moves a certain portion of the feed passes
through the openings between the teeth, and is conducted by the hopper tube to
the grinding discs. By raising or lowering the valve Q and ajusting the connection
of the shafts p, q, any desired variation of the feed may be obtained.
If desired the rollers ff may be arranged as shewn in Figure 30 that is, in
contact with one another and without journals on their ends. So too, the frames F F¹
may have a roller bearing as shewn in Figure 31, in which case the weight of the
said frame and rollers falls wholly upon the sliding frames D D', thereby relieving
the shafts CC of strain resulting therefrom.
In Figures 32, 33 and 34 I have shewn the application of the second part of the
said invention to grist, grain, or other mills wherein the stones or discs S S' may
be burr stones, iron plates, or of any other desirable material
In Figure 32 both the upper and lower stones are designed and adapted to
rotate, in which case the sliding frames D D and rollers ff are provided for each
such stone. The frame D is adjusted by means of the screw 8 and the spring'
sent therefor, permits the lower stone to yield to and from the upper stone. The
latter is raised or lowered by means of the gear and worm mechanism T, but any
other suitable device therefor may be employed.
In Figure 33 the upper or bed stone S is shewn as being fixed in position and'
its screw feed operated by the shaft.
In Figure 34 the burr or other stones are placed slightly out of axial line with

page_text: each other, the upper stone S being fixed but I prefer to arrange it so that it will
revolve. Hence it may be provided with appurtenances as shewn for the upper
disc or stones in Figure 32 the said disc has a screw feed U operated by gear
mechanism V, or the belt pulley may be applied directly to the screw shaft as
shewn in Figure 33
Having thus fully described the said invention as communicated to me by my
foreign Correspondent and the manner of performing the same I wish it understood
that I claim.
First. In a machine for crushing and pulverizing ore, a jaw or jaws adapted
and designed to be simultaneously reciprocated longitudinally and transversely,
substantially as set forth.
Second. In a machine for crushing and pulverizing ore, a jaw or jaws and
mechanism for moving the said jaw or jaws simultaneously in two different
directions, substantially as shewn and described.
Third. In an ore crusher and pulverizer, the combination, with jaws having
flaring and vertical corrugated working faces, of mechanisın, substantially as
described, for imparting to one or both of the said jaws a simultaneous longitudinal
and transverse movement, as set forth.
Fourth. In an ore crusher and pulverizer, the combination of a jaw or jaws,
mechanism for imparting to one or both of the said jaws a simultaneous longitudinal
and transverse movement, and means for compensating for the wear of the said jaws,
substantially as shewn and described.
Fifth. In an ore crusher and pulverizer, a fixed jaw and a movable jaw, in
combination with mechanism for imparting to the said movable jaw, a simultaneous
movement in two different directions, substantially as specified.
Sixth. In an ore crusher and pulverizer, a housing or frame adapted to serve as a
fixed jaw holder or support, in combination with a jaw, and mechanism for imparting
to the said jaw a simultaneous reciprocating movement in two different directions,
substantially as shewn and described
Seventh. In an ore crusher and pulverizer, the combination, with the jaws thereof,
of means for reciprocating the same in one direction, a spring or springs for holding
the said jaws apart, and means for reciprocating thein laterally, substantially as
specified.
Eighth. In an ore crusher or pulverizer, the combination, with the jaws thereof,
of means for holding the same out of contact with each other, means for
reciprocating one or both simultaneously in different directions, and means for
compensating for the wear of the said jaws, substantially as shewn and described.
Ninth. In a machine for crushing and pulverizing ores and other materials, the
combination, with a jaw or jaws adapted and designed to reciprocate longitudinally
only, of friction rollers arranged between the said jaw or jaws and the frame of the
machine.
Tenth. In a crusher and pulverizer, the combination of a longitudinally
reciprocating jaw or jaws, friction rollers between the said jaw or jaws and the frame
of the machine, and the mechanism for adjusting the jaws relatively to each other.
Eleventh. The combination of the grinding discs B, B' mounted on shafts C, C'
out of line with each other, the frames D, D' and interposed friction rollers between
the said discs and frames, substantially as shewn and described.
Twelfth. In a grinding mill, the combination of two discs or plates mounted on
separate shafts out of line with each other, a frame or carriage behind each disc,
having a bearing for one of the said shafts, and friction rollers interposed between
the said frames and discs, substantially as shewn and described
Thirteenth. In a grinding mill, the combination of two plates or discs mounted
on shafts out of line with each other, and provided with mechanism, substantially
as shewn and described, for moving the said discs and shafts vertically and laterally,
as set forth.
Fourteenth. The combination of a frame A provided with blocks E, E¹, the
frames D, D¹ having bearings d³, d³, the shafts C, C out of line with each other, the

page_text: Dearings, the discs B, B', and the friction rollers f, f, substantially as shown and
described.
Fifteenth. The combination of the discs B, B1, the shafts C, C, the frames D, D¹
having bearings d³, ds, and mechanism for moving the said frames towards the said
discs, the latter bearing upon friction rollers interposed between the said discs and
frames, substantially as shewn and described.
Sixteenth. The combination of the discs B, B¹, the shafts C, C', the friction
rollers, the frames D, D' having bearings d³, and inechanism interposed between
the said frames and the mill frame, for adjusting the frames D, D' to and from the
grinding discs, substantially as shewn and described.
Seventeenth. The combination of the discs B, B', the shafts C, C', the friction
rollers, the frames D, D' having the bearings d³, d³, and the collars N, N,
substantially as shewn and described
Eighteenth. The combination of the frame A the secondary frames A', A' designed
and adapted to be moved vertically, the shafts C, C₁ having bearings O, O, the
frames D, D' having bearings d³ and adjusting mechanism H, H', the friction
rollers, and the discs B, B¹, substantially as shewn and described
Nineteenth. In a grinding mill composed of two grinding discs or plates mounted
on shafts out of line with each other, the combination therewith of the friction
rollers f, f, and the frames D, D' adapted to slide upon the blocks E, E', substantially
as shewn and described.
Twentieth. In a grinding mill, the combination with the discs B, B' and the
shafts C, C, of the frames D, D¹ having bearings d³, d³ and slotted ends & inter-
locking with the blocks E, E' secured to the frame of the mill, substantially as shewn
and described
Twenty-first. The frame D having the slotted ends d, d, the bearing d³, and the
screw-nut G, substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.
Twenty-second. The disc B having the Hange 63 and the ring b with an inclined
face, substantially as shewn and described.
Twenty third. The combination of the discs B, B₁, the shafts C, C¹, the
frames D, D', the friction rollers f. f, and the screw-rods H, H', substantially as
shewn and described.
Twenty fourth. The combination of the discs B, B', the shafts C, C, the friction
rollers f, f, the frames D, D', the bearings O movable upon plates o³ provided with
screws o, and the adjustable blocks E', substantially as shewn and described.
Twenty-fifth. In a grinding mill, the combination of grinding discs, friction rollers,
supporting frames therefor, and mechanism for adjusting the said frames to and
from the said discs, substantially as shewn and described
Twenty-sixth. In a grinding or pulverizing mill, the combination, with the
grinding or pulverizing surfaces, of an adjustable frame or frames therefor, with
interposed rollers between the said frame and surfaces, as set forth.
Twenty-seventh. The combination, with grinding discs or plates arranged
vertically or horizontally, of adjustable frames therefor, and interposed friction
rollers, and adjustable feed mechanism, substantially as shewn and described.
Twenty-eighth. The combination, with grinding dises or plates arranged
vertically or horizontally, the axes of which may or may not be in line with each
other, of adjustable frames and anti friction-rollers between the said plates and
frames, and a centrally located force or screw feed, substantially as shewn and
described
In witness whereof I the said William Robert Lake have hereunto set my
hand and seal this Third day of February in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty throo
WM. ROB. LAKE (L.S.)