IMPROVEMENTS IN AP- PARATUS FOR RAISING AND FORCING LIQUIDS
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Garrett Tongue, of the Firm of Tongue & Birkbeck,
Patent Agents and Engineers, of 34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AP-
PARATUS FOR RAISING AND FORCING LIQUIDS." A communication from abroad
by Eduardo Claudio da Silva, of the Province of Rio de Janeiro, in the Empire
of Brazil.
Sealed the 15th August 1876, and dated the 21st June 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Garrett Tongue at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st June 1876.
JOHN GARRETT TONGUE, of the Firm of Tongue & Birkbeck, Patent Agents
and Engineers, of 34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND FORCING LIQUIDS."
A communication from abroad by Eduardo Claudio da Silva, of the Province of
Rio de Janeiro, in the Empire of Brazil.
This Invention relates to improvements in apparatus for raising and forcing
liquids, and when employed for feeding a boiler consists of two chambers 60
arranged that one stands higher than the other, being placed outside the boiler
above the water line. The higler chamber has a valve, which in the following
description is called a, that allows the liquid (water in this case) to enter to it, but
not to be forced back. A valve herein called b connects the lower part of the higher
chamber with the upper part of the lower chamber, allowing the water to flow from
the higher to the lower chamber, but not to return. A valve herein called c con-
nects the lower part of the lower chamber with the channel leading to the boiler,
allowing water to pass on to the boiler, but not to return.
The following communications are established:-
:-
First. Between the lower part of lower chamber and upper part of higher
chamber

page_text: Second. Between the upper part of the lower chamber and the boiler at the
level of the water line.
Third. Between the tank, well, or other supply of water for feeding the boiler
and valve, herein-before called a.
Fourth. Between valve, herein-before called c, and the boiler below the water
line.
Fifth. Between valve face, herein-before called b, and the upper part of the
higher chamber.
Sixth. The spindle of the valve called b carries another valve, so arranged that
when valve b opens this 'closes, and with it communication (2), which when
closed prevents steam from the boiler entering the lower chamber.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The water in the boiler having
fallen below communication (2) equilibrium is disturbed in the lower chamber,
and the water it contains flows through the valve, herein-before called c, into the
boiler; when, however, the level of the water in the lower chamber falls below
communication referred to as (1) equilibrium is disturbed in the higher chamber,
the water (in it) flows down through valve b (closing communication (2) by
means of valve (6)) into the lower chamber, condensing the steam therein, forming
a vacuum whereby the whole apparatus will be again filled with water through
communication (3) and valve a. So soon as the apparatus is filled with water the
valve b falls to its seat, opening communication (2) by means of valve (6), and
the process is repeated until the level of the water line in the boiler covers com-
munication (2).
In another modification of this apparatus, embodying the same principles, the
valve previously referred to as 6 is made hollow, so as to connect the lower part of
the lower chamber with the upper part of the higher chamber through communi-
cation (5), thus dispensing with communication (1), all the other valves and com-
mnnications being similar to those previously described, as is the "modus operandi"
also.
It will also be evident that the feed water in its passage to the boiler can be
heated by any well-known method. The discharge pipe (4), instead of taking the
liquid into the boiler, may conduct it to any height or distance required (limited by
the power at command). When using this apparatus as a fire extinguisher or for a
similar purpose where a constant jet is required an air vessel is connected to the
discharge pipe (4).
This apparatus works as well with as without the valve (6), only that without it
it will require more steam to perform the same work, and a larger apparatus will
be required.
A small cylinder is arranged actuated by a spring or the pressure of the
atmosphere from without on the piston to expell any air that may accumulate in
the apparatus; its action is as follows:-When a vacuum exists in the lower
chamber the spring presses the piston down and fills the cylinder, but on having
a pressure in that chamber the piston is pressed upwards, and the air is
expelled.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed 4
by the said John Garrett Tongue in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 20th
December 1876.
JOHN GARRETT TONGUE, of the Firm of Tongue and Birkbeck, Patent Agents
and Engineers, of 34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND FORCING LIQUIDS.” 5

page_text: A communication from abroad by Eduardo Claudio da Silva, of the Province of
Rio de Janeiro, in the Empire of Brazil."
This Invention relates to improvements in apparatus for raising and forcing
liquids applicable to feeding steam boilers, and other like purposes.
And in order that this Invention may be clearly understood and readily carried
into practice, I will proceed to describe the same, reference being made to the
Drawing hereto annexed, which shows a vertical section and plan in section of
apparatus arranged in accordance with this Invention.
The apparatus shown by Figures 1 and 2 consists of two chambers arranged one
above the other, having a valve between them, which on falling opens a passage,
When raised the valve opens a
thus forming an opening to the lower chamber.
passage to admit the fluid (steam), and when down, as shown, it closes it. The
lower part of the lower chamber is connected with the upper part of the upper
chamber by a pipe or passage. The inlet and outlet passages for the liquid may be
placed together or independently in the higher or the lower chamber. Should the
inlet be placed in the higher chamber a spring is employed to lift the valve (between
the two chambers) to its seat after the apparatus is full. Both the inlet and outlet
must have their corresponding valves.
a, b, are the two chambers; c, the valve placed between them; d, the passage for
the steam; f, the connecting pipe or passage between the lower part of the lower
chamber and the upper part of the higher chamber; g and h are the inlet and
outlet passages and valves for the liquid; p, a plug for filling the apparatus
previous to starting.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-When the two chambers a and b are
full of water or liquid to be raised or pumped (the valve c being closed), steam
being admitted through the pipes and apertures d into the chamber b it forces the
liquid in it through the outlet h with a pressure easily regulated by a valve (not
shown in the Drawing) until its level in the chamber b falls below the bottom of
the connecting pipe or passage f. Equilibrium is thus disturbed in the higher
chamber a, and the valve c falls, connecting the two chambers by opening the passage
cl, and closes the steam passage d. By this means the steam is instantly condensed
by the falling liquid, and the vacuum thus formed draws into the apparatus a fresh
supply of the liquid through the inlet passage g. The liquid, on entering the
chamber a, raises and closes the valve c, thereby re-opening the steam passage d,
which steam on entering the chamber b forces part of its contents through the con-
necting pipe or passage into the chamber a, and the remainder through the outlet
passage h until the level of the liquid in the chamber 6 falls below the bottom of
the connecting pipe f, when the same action takes place, as stated above. When
using the apparatus as a boiler feeder the passage d is put in communication by &
pipe with the level of the water line in the boiler, which on falling below the com-
municating pipe admits steam to set the apparatus in action, allowing the water in
it to fall by its own gravity into the boiler; for that purpose the apparatus has to
be placed above the boiler.
Having now described the nature of the Invention and the manner of carrying
the same into practice, it should be clearly understood that the form and arrange-
ment of apparatus is not limited to the exact details and arrangement of parts, as
herein shown and described, as the same may be greatly varied without departing
from the nature of the said Invention; but what I claim under the above in part
recited Letters Patent is,-
First. The improved arrangement and combination of parts constituting the
improved apparatus for raising and forcing liquids, arranged to act substantially in
the manner and for the purposes herein-before described and represented in the
Drawings annexed.
Second. The combination and action of the valve o in relation to the passage d
and connecting pipe or passage f, arranged to act substantially in the manner as and

page_text: for the purposes herein-before described and represented in the Drawings hereunto
annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Garrett Tongue, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentieth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
JOHN GARRETT TONGUE. (L.S.)