IMPROVE- MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Wright Jones, of Bradford Road, Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the Sth February 1876, and dated the 11th August 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Wright Jones at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th August 1875.
I, WRIGHT JONES, of Bradford Road, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
:-
My Invention relates, firstly, to the picking motion of looms, and
consists in an arrangement whereby I am enabled to dispense with
many of the parts now necessary for this operation, and this I effect by
imparting a reciprocating motion to a strap or other such flexible
medium which is attached at either end to the pickers.
The arrangement I propose is to use a vibrating lever mounted on a
centre carried by the bottom bar of the lathe, and to impart to it a

page_text: vibratory motion from the tappet shaft wheel; to this lever is connected
a strap, the respective ends of which are attached to the pickers; the
strap is slack on that side at which a pick is to take place, and when
therefore it comes into action it acts upon the picker by a sudden
jerking movement; the pickers are brought back by being connected
together by a rod or strap and rollers on the upper side of the race, or
they may be connected in like manner beneath with an intervening
short band acting as above described.
Another part of my Invention relates to the taking up and letting off
motions, and consists in an arrangement whereby I am enabled to let off
the yarn and take up the woven fabric at any required respective rates
by a positive motion. For this purpose I interpose a brake or holding
power upon the yarn between the roller on which it is wound, and the
beam above over which it usually passes, and in like manner I put a
brake upon the roller which draws forward the woven fabric, so that
neither the letting off or the taking up can operate without being driven,
and I connect the two parts together by toothed gearing or similar
driving agents, the said gearing being so arranged as to give the proper
differential surface motions.
For the brake I propose to place above the usual yarn roller another
roller over which the warps pass, and also over two other rollers drawn
towards the first mentioned by means of springs or weights, and in like
manner there are two similar rollers applied to that which takes up the
cloth; the two main rollers I propose to cover with india-rubber or other
elastic substances.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Wright Jones in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 11th February 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WRIGHT
JONES, of Bradford Road, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-

page_text: ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Wright Jones, Her special license that
I, the said Wright Jones, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Wright Jones, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for “IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Wright Jones, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and scal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Wright Jones, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to say:-
My Invention relates, firstly, to the picking motion of looms, and
consists in an arrangement whereby I am enabled to dispense with
many of the parts now in use for that operation.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 is a partial side view of a loom
with my improvement adapted, and Fig. 2 is an end view of the same;
at 1 is the lathe, and at 2, 3, the pickers; and referring in the first place
to that one on right-hand side there is a band 4 of buffalo hide which passes
through it, and is made fast therewith by a pin. The other end of this
band is connected to the picking stick 5 which turns upon a centre 6
and carries another stiff band 7 attached, as in the case of that shewn
at 4 to the second picker 3. At 8 is the tappet shaft carrying the usual
wheel 9, on the side of which is a tappet 10. Mounted upon the frame
is a cross shaft 11 capable of turning in suitable bearings, and fast with
it is a bell-crank lever 12, 12*, the other end of the said shaft being
provided with a projecting lever 13 corresponding to that shewn at 12.
The part 12 of the said bell crank is connected to a rod 14, the other
end of which has a slot through which the picking stick 5 passes, and
the said rod is maintained in position vertically by pins 15.

page_text: According to the positions of the parts shewn in the Drawing the
picking has to be effected from the left-hand side of Fig. 1, to effect
which the revolution of the wheel 9 in the direction of the arrow will
bring the tappet 10 in contract with the lever 12, by which means the
shaft 11 will be caused to turn upon its centre and carry with it the
lever 12, which by drawing forward the rod 14 will cause the picking
stick 5 to turn suddenly upon its centre 6 and effect the picking
motion by means of the band 4.
The above mentioned action of the picking stick will force forward
the band 7, which being sufficiently stiff for the purpose will push
backward the picker 3 ready in its turn to act, and such motion thereto
is imparted by the continued revolution of the wheel 9 which then
brings the tappet to act upon the lever 13; but as such operation takes
place on the other side of the centre of motion of the said wheel, the
vibration of the picking stick 5 is reversed and the picking takes place
from the right-hand side of Fig. 1.
Figs. 3, 4, shew in detached views a modification of the method of
giving motion to the picking stick, such motion being imparted by the
usual cams which act upon the treddles. At 20 is the tappet shaft with
its two cams 21, 22, acting upon the bowls 23 which are carried by the
treddles 24, 25, turning upon a centre 26. The treddles 24, 25, are
situate above a cross part 26 formed upon the picking stick 5 (sec
Fig. 4), and upon the tappets are formed extra elevations 27, 28. As
the tappet shaft revolves the shed is opened in the usual manner, after
which one or other of the extra elevations 27 or 28, depending upon
the side from which the picking is to take place, exerts a further action
upon its bowl, and by proportionately depressing the treddle causes it to
act against the cross part 26, and effect the picking.
Figs. 5 and 6 shew another method by which motion may be imparted
to the picking stick. In this instance the tappet shaft 20 carries a
tappet 29 situate within a slot 30 formed in a lever 31 turning upon a
centre 32, and the said slot has two straight sides against which the
tappet 29 alternately acts, whereby the said lever is caused to vibrate
upon its centre 32. The picking stick 5 is provided with a lever 33
which has a socket within which is situate a pin projecting from the
lever 31, and by these means therefore the tappet 39 causes the picking
stick 5 to vibrate upon its centre. In reference to this part of my
Invention I would observe that instead of the stiff buffalo bands 4, 7, rods

page_text: of metal or other rigid material might be employed, while on the other
hand flexible straps might be used, and in such manner that on that
side where the picking is about to take place the said strap hang
loosely. For the purpose of actuating the pickers when the loom is
turned back there are two lovers 34 fast with those shown at 12, and
against which the tappet 10 then acts.
I
Another part of my Invention relates to the taking up and letting off
motions, and consists in an arrangement whereby I am enabled to let
off the yarn and take up the woven fabric at any required rates by a
positive motion. This part of my Invention is shewn at Fig. 2 before
referred to, and also at the detached views, Figs. 7, 8, 9. At a is the
yarn beam, and at 6 a roller which directly acts in letting off the yarn.
Against the surface of this roller are two smaller rollers c, d, the axes of
which are mounted in slots e formed in the framework, and they are
drawn towards the larger roller by means of india-rubber or other
springs, as seen particularly in the detached views. At is a surface
roller against which there are two smaller rollers h, i, mounted in slots /
and drawn forward by india-rubber or other springs . The rollers b, g,
are connected together by any suitable arrangement of gearing.
According to the method shown this is done by a chain m passing over
wheels n, o, and the roller is presumed to be driven in the usual
manner. The warp passes from its roller a over the rollers b, c, d, as
shewn by the bluc line, from thence over a guide roller p, and the
woven cloth in like manner is conducted over the surfaces of the
rollers g, h, i, as also shewn by the blue line. The rollers b, g, are
covered with any suitable cloth and that shewn at y is in contact with
the cloth roller q which is pressed upward by weights as usual.
It will be seen by the above described arrangements that the rollers b,
c, d, and g, h, i, act as breaks upon the material, and that the greater
the pull thereon the tighter it will be held, and the surface roller g
therefore causes definite quantities of yarn to be drawn forward and
cloth to be taken up.
The relative lengths of yarn to be let off and work to be taken up may
be regulated by proportioning the circumferences of the rollers b, g, or
by altering the number of teeth in one of the wheels n, o.
In order to enable the warp beam to be turned back I mount the
wheel loose upon its axis, and connect it thereto by any suitable clutch