A New Fine Alloy for Hardening Aluminium, Increasing its Strength and its Elasticity
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Nov., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 8th Aug., 1899-Accepted, 28th Oct., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New Fine Alloy for Hardening Aluminium, Increasing its Strength
and its Elasticity.
I, GUSTAVE EUGENE BOURGOIN, of 3, Rue Froment, Paris, Aluminist, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and the manner in which the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention consists chiefly in adding an amalgam of tin (Sn) and
aluminium (Al), to a fine alloy, containing copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), fine cast
steel and a small quantity of pure aluminium (Al), which metals I fuse in a
non-silicious crucible. During this operation I exclude the air, and subsequently
thoroughly purify the alloy thus obtained, with the aid of a few grammes of
ferro-cyanodide of potassium (Fe Cy K*) in a perfectly dry condition, or by
alkaline ferro-cyanides, alkaline-carth ferro-cyanides or metallic ferro-cyanides,
employed separately (alone) or mixed.
In manufacturing my alloy, which is to possess the property of hardening
aluminium, increasing its strength and its elasticity, I take the metals indicated
below, in the following proportions:
Copper (Cu)
Nickel (Ni)
Fine cast steel
Pure aluminium (Al)
-
°
2 to 6 parts by weight.
1 to 3 parts by weight.
1 to 2 parts by weight.
1 part by weight.
I first fuse the copper (Cu) the nickel (Ni) and the cast steel in a non-silicious
crucible, then introduce the pure aluminium (Al) in the proportion indicated
above. When the fusion is complete, and a thorough mixing has been effected,
I add from 2 to 5 parts by weight of an amalgam of tin (Sn) and aluminium (Al)
composed in the proportion of one part by weight of tin (Sn) to two parts by
weight of aluminium, (Al).
This fusing operation is effected under a bed or layer composed of powdered
vegetable charcoal (C) and of pounded slate, mixed in equal quantities, which
prevents the access of air to the surface of the contents of the crucible (bath)
and consequently diminishes the oxidation.
When the alloy is ready for being run off, I purify it by introducing into the
bottom of the crucible, by means of an inverted ladle or spoon, from 50 to
75 grammes of ferro-cyanodide of potassium (Fe Cy K4) in a thoroughly dry
condition.
:
The ferro-cyanodide of potassium is resolved into cyanide of iron (Fe Cy2)
and cyanide of potassium, (Cy K). The cyanide of iron is decomposed-form-
ing azote (Az) (which agitates the contents of the crucible in rising to the sur-
face) and carburet of iron, which combines with the metal under fusion..
The fused cyanide of potassium then ascends through the bath reducing the

page_text: oxides, and being converted into cyanate of potassium, (KCyO) which remains in
the dross.
:
Thus my mode of purifying is associated with the principles enunciated in
the opening of this description and is an essential operation, always effected at
the conclusion of that by which I obtain my powerful alloy.
I then run off this alloy into pigs.
When it is desired to harden the aluminium, and to impart thereto a suitable
mechanical resistance the aluminium is fused in a non-silicious crucible, and
when it sufficiently hot, the alloy above described and which has previously
been re-melted in a second crucible, is poured into it, the Al to be hardened and
the whole is vigorously stirred by means of a nickel or steel rod. The quantity
of the alloy to be used for this purpose varies from 2 to 8 per cent. of the weight
of the aluminium (Al), to which it is to be added, according to the degree of
bardness, resistance and elasticity desired.
1000
A New Fine Alloy for Hardening Aluminium, Increasing its Strength
and its Elasticity,
GUSTAVE EUGENE BOURGOIN, of 3, Rue Froment, Paris, Aluminist, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention consists chiefly in adding an amalgam of tin (Sn) and
aluminium (Al), to a fine alloy, containing copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), fine cast
steel and a small quantity of pure aluminium (Al), which metals 1 fuse in a
non-silicious crucible. During this operation I exclude the air, and subsequently
thoroughly purify the alloy thus obtained, with the aid of a few grammes of
ferro-cyanodide of potassium (Fe Cy, K) in a perfectly dry condition, or by
alkaline ferro-cyanides, alkaline-earth ferro-cyanides or metallic ferro-cyanides,
employed separately (alone) or mixed.
in manufacturing my alloy, which is to possess the property of hardening
aluminium, increasing its strength and its elasticity, I take the metals indicated
below, in the following proportions:—
Copper (Cu)
Nickel (Ni)
Fine cast steel
Pure aluminium (Al)
-
-
-
2 to 6 parts by weight.
1 to 3 parts by weight.
1 to 2 parts by weight.
1 part by weight.
I first fuse the copper (Cu) the nickel (Ni) and the cast steel in a non-silicious
crucible, then introduce the pure aluminium (Al) in the proportion indicated
above. When the fusion is complete, and a thorough mixing has been effected,
I add from 2 to 5 parts by weight of an amalgam of tin (Su) and aluminium (Al)
composed in the proportion of one part by weight of tin (Sn) to two parts by
weight of aluminium, (Al).
This fusing operation is effected under a bed or layer composed of powdered
vegetable charcoal (C) and of pounded slate, mixed in equal quantities, which

page_text: prevents the access of air to the surface of the contents of the crucible (bath)
and consequently diminishes the oxidation.
When the alloy is ready for being run off, I purify it by introducing into the
bottom of the crucible, by means of an inverted ladle or spoon, from 50 to
75 grammes of ferro-cyanodide of potassium (Fe Cy, K4) in a thoroughly dry
condition, to every 100,000 grammes of alloy.
The ferro-cyanodide of potassium is resolved into cyanide of iron (FeCy,) and
cyanide of potassium, (CyK). The cyanide of iron is decomposed-forming
nitrogen (N) (which agitates the contents of the crucible in rising to the sur-
face) and carburet of iron, which combines with the metal under fusion.
The fused cyanide of potassium then ascends through the bath reducing the
oxides, and being converted into cyanate of potassium, (KCyO) which remains in
the dross.
Thus my mode of purifying is associated with the principles enunciated in
the opening of this description and is an essential operation, always effected at
the conclusion of that by which I obtain my powerful alloy.
I then run off this alloy into pigs.
When it is desired to harden the aluminium, and to impart thereto a suitable
mechanical resistance the aluminium is fused in a non-silicious crucible, and
when it is sufficiently hot, the alloy above described and which has previously
been re-melted in a second crucible, is poured into the Al to be hardened and
the whole is vigorously stirred by means of a nickel or steel rod. The quantity
of the alloy to be used for this purpose varies from 2 to 8 per cent. of the weight
of the aluminium (Al), to which it is to be added, according to the degree of
hardness, resistance and elasticity desired.
my
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
The improved alloy for hardening aluminium increasing its strength and
elasticity substantially as set forth.