Year: 1896

page_text: I, WALTER MACKERSIE SMITH, of 16, Otterburn Terrace, Jesmond, Newcastle-
on-Tyne, in the County of Northumberland, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for object improvements in cylinders for steam engines which
improvements consist in casting the cylinders for locomotive engines with steam
chests and valve chambers suitable for valves of the circular or piston type in one
and the same casting.
The chambers or liners in which the valves work are by preference placed below
the centre line of the cylinders and side by side of each other and at an angle to
the centre line of the cylinder, the angle being such that the centre line of the
valve motion leads direct to the crank axle dispensing with rocking shafts or other
forms of intermediate gear.
11 of Antalian 180
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.
For the Applicant.
I, WALTER MACKERSIE SMITH, of 16, Otterburn Terrace, Jesmond, Newcastle-
on-Tyne, in the County of Northumberland, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has for object improvements in cylinders for steam engines which
improvements consist in casting the cylinders for locomotive engines with steam
chests and valve chambers suitable for valves of the circular or piston type in one
and the same casting.
The chambers or liners in which the valves work are by preference placed below
the centre line of the cylinders and side by side with each other and at an angle to
the centre line of the cylinders, the angle being such that the centre line of the
valve motion leads direct to the crank axle dispensing with rocking shafts or other
forms of intermediate gear.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through one of the cylinders and its piston-valve
chamber on the line K L of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3. The front end of the cylinders

page_text: is at the left hand side on the drawing and the following sections are represented
as viewed from the front end.
Fig. 2 is a transverse section, the left hand side being taken through the back
steam chest on the line G H of Fig. 1, and the right hand side through the front
steam chest on the line A B of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a transverse section, the left hand side being taken through the back
steam port on the line E F of Fig. 1, and the right hand side through the front
steam port on the line C D of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a half transverse section through the exhaust chamber on the line I J
of Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is an outside half front view and half back view.
Fig. 6 is a plan.
Fig. 7 is a view shewing the general arrangement of the parts according to my
invention.
By these improvements I secure greater solidity of structure, fewer joints to be
kept steam-tight, greater economy of the limited space, a simpler valve motion' and
a reduction in cost.
M is a steam cylinder; M the facing for the cover; M³ the back cover with
piston rod stuffing box; M³ facings for attachment to smoke box: M facings for
attachment to framing; M5 boss for oil cup; M6, M7 facings for small steam
valves; M³, M9 passages from M6, M7 to the steam chest branches P1, P3; M10
strengthening ribs. N is a piston-valve chamber; N seating of piston-valve
liner; N steam ports, N³ steam chest; N4 facing for stuffing box end; N³ facing
for a steam cock; N6 facings for drain cocks.
O is the exhaust chamber, 01 the flange of exhaust chamber.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of 'the said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. Forming the two cylinders of a locomotive engine with steam chests and
valve chambers arranged for distributing-valves of the circular or piston type in
one piece or casting substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. In a locomotive engine with valves of the circular or piston type, placing the
chambers or liners in which the valves work at such an angle to the centre line
of the cylinders that the centre line of the valve motion leads direct to the crank
axle dispensing with rocking shafts or other forms of intermediate gear
substantially as described.
Dated this 18th day of June 1897
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.
For the Applicant.

page_text: I, WALTER MACKERSIE SMITH, of 16, Otterburn Terrace, Jesmond, Newcastle-
on-Tyne, in the County of Northumberland, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for object improvements in valves for steam engines.
In the Specification of former applications Nos. 17833 dated 6th December 1888
and 14,061 dated 20th August 1891 forms of circular or piston type of valves are
described and have reference to means for keeping the packing rings tight against
the cylinders or liner in which the valves work. Now according to this invention
which is a modification of the invention described in the said specifications I make
the flanges of the ring or rings deeper, so as to obtain a larger bearing surface,
and provide for the flexibility of the ring or, rings by casting or boring a series of
holes, by preference oblong or heart shaped, and part the metal, between the holes
and the outer, or the inner circumference as the case may be. The object of the
hole at the end of the parting of the metal is to avoid a breaking point in the ring
or rings, or the holes may, extend to the circumference and part the metal. If
two rings are used I form a projecting lip in one of them which fits into a recess,
or underneath the flange of the other ring. The two rings are thus kept the same
diameter and one of them may work over or part over the bearing surfaces in the
cylinders or liner in which they work at one end and the other may also work
over the bearing surface in the cylinders or liner at the opposite end.
Dated this 15th day of October 1896
I, WALTER MACKERSIE SMITH, of 16 Otterburn Terrace, Jesmond, Newcastle-
en-Tyne, in the County of Northumberland, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has for object improvements in valves for steam engines.
In the Specification of former Letters Patent granted to me No. 17,833 dated

page_text: 6th December 1888 and No. 14,061 dated 20th August 1891, forms of circular or
piston type of valves are described provided with means for keeping the packing
rings tight against the cylinders or liners in which the valves work.
Now according to this invention, which is a modification of the inventions
described in the said former specifications, I make the flanges of the packing ring
deeper so as to obtain a larger bearing surface, and provide for the flexibility of
the ring by casting or boring a series of holes, by preference oblong or heart shaped
in the flanges and parting the metal between the holes and the outer or the inner
circumference, as the case may be. The object of the hole at the end of each part-
ing of the metal is to avoid a breaking point in the ring; or the holes may extend
to the circumference and part the metal.
If two packing rings are used, I form a projecting lip in one of them which
fits into a recess, or underneath, i.e. within, the adjacent flange of the other ring.
The two rings are thus kept the same diameter and one of them may work over or
part over 'the bearing surface in the cylinder or liner in which they work, at one
end, and the other may also work over the bearing surface in the cylinder or liner
at the opposite end.
In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 shows in central longitudinal section and
Fig. 2 in cross section, a piston valve of the kind referred to provided with a
packing ring constructed according to my present invention. Fig. 3 is a sectional
detail view.
A is a wide packing ring cut diagonally at A' and arranged between the body C
of the piston valve and the flange or junk ring D as in the arrangements of piston
valves described in my said former specifications. It is formed at opposite sides
with flanges A1, A3 which, according to this invention, are made deeper than here-
tofore in order to provide a large bearing surface at each end of the ring. To make
the ring flexible, that is to say so that it can open out and fit its cylinder or liner,
each flange is cut to a suitable depth radially for which purpose it is preferably
formed with holes G and the metal between the said holes and the inner circumfer-
ence of the flange is parted by saw-cuts H which reduce the radial depth of the
ring and so render it more elastic. The depth and number of the cuts are such
that the ring A shall be readily forced out against the liner on which it works, by
the springs I, or by steam pressure from, the inside of the valve; or the ring may
be formed as a spring ring by being turned somewhat larger than the bore of the
liner in which it is to work so that it has to be compressed to get it into position.
The flange A is provided with a thickened part A (Fig. 3) which is recessed
on its outer side to receive a closing piece E which is arranged opposite the
diagonal cut A to prevent the escape therethrough of steam from the steam chest
to the exhaust chamber. The said closing piece is riveted to the flange A¹ at one
side of the cut and the joint between it and the said flange at the opposite side of
the cut is closed by a tongue piece F fitted in one side of the closing piece E and
fitting a slot in the adjacent side of the flange A. K (Fig. 2) is a cylinder or
liner in which the piston valve works and on one of the bars h of which the cut
portion of the ring A moves.
Fig. 4 is a central longitudinal section showing a piston valve provided with two
packing rings according to this invention. Fig. 5 is an end elevation of the wide
or main ring with deep flanges, and Fig. 6 is an end elevation of the auxiliary
packing or closing ring.
The packing ring A, which is made with an oblique cut A' at one place, is, in
this example made as a spring ring to fit the cylinder or liner in which it is to
work. It is made with deep flanges A', As as and for the purpose hereinbefore
mentioned, the holes G¹ in the said flanges for imparting the desired flexibility to
the ring being shown as extending their full width to the inner circumference of
the said flanges and thus parting the metal at these points, the holes at their inner
corners G being rounded so as to avoid breaking points. The flanges A¹, As of
the packing ring shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 may, if desired, be provided with
similar holes,

page_text: The holes G may be of any convenient width.
B is a narrow auxiliary packing or closing ring arranged to close the cut, A
in the main ring A. It is cut at 132, the cut being arranged out of line with that
in the main ring and leakage of steam through it being prevented by a tongue ar
closing piece F. The ring
The ring B is provided with a laterally projecting lip B₁ fitting
a recess A3 in the adjacent face of the flange A' of the main ring A, as shown in
dotted lines in Fig. 4, or with a projecting lip B3 fitting the inner periphery of
the said flange A¹ as shown in full lines in the said figure, so that the two rings
are kept of the same outside diameter as and for the purpose hereinbefore stated.
When necessary, the ring B may be provided with holes like either of those used
in the main ring, for rendering it sufficiently flexible. The two rings A and B
are prevented from turning relatively to each other and to the body of the piston
by a pin 1 fixed in the body C of the valve and fitting juxtaposed recesses formed
in the flange A¹ of the main ring A and in the auxiliary or closing ring B, the
slotted portions of the two rings being arranged to move over one of the bars such
as K¹ (Fig. 2), of the liner in which the valve works.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A steam engine piston valve ring A provided at its ends with deep flanges
formed with a series of slits or openings adapted to render the ring flexible,
substantially as described.
2. A steam engine piston valve ring A constructed with deep flanges A¹, A³
formed with radial slits or openings whose inner ends are of enlarged curved or
rounded form, or with holes extending to the inner circumference of the flanges
so as to part the metal substantially as herein described for the purpose specified.
3. My improved steam engine piston valve rings constructed and arranged as
hereinabove described with reference respectively to and shewn in Figs. 1 to 3
inclusive, and in Figs. 4 to 6 inclusive of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 29th day of June 1897.
W. LLOYD WISE,
46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.