Improvements in Machines for Packing Powdered and other Substances in Bags or like Wrappers.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 9th May, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 11th Feb., 1895-Accepted, 30th Mar., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Packing Powdered and other
Substances in Bags or like Wrappers.
We, WILLIAM HARRIS, of 366 Albert Road, Aston, Engineer, and ARTHUR
SMITH, of 47 Endicott Road, Aston, Engraver, both in the County of Warwick,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :—
This invention relates to machines for packing or wrapping powdered and other
substances, such as sugar, tea, seeds, flour and the like, in paper or other bags or
wrappers.
The object of our invention is to construct a machine into which the substance
requiring to be made up into packages of a given weight, can be charged in the
bulk, and accurately measured or weighed out in the desired quantities, and packed
in a paper bag or other wrapper.
In carrying our invention into effect, we employ upper and lower operating plates
or tables, and mount the same upon suitable central pins or spindles. We form
chambers or recesses in each plate or table for the reception of the material,
and cause the tables to be turned or revolved by means of levers and ratchet
wheels or other suitable mechanism, operated from the driving shaft of the
machine. The driving shaft receives its motion through suitable gearing and other
power transmission appliances, from a steam or gas engine, or other motive power
engine.
The material having been placed or fed into the hopper arranged above the
operating plates or tables, the required amount is allowed to escape therefrom into
suitable charging chambers. The charging chambers are preferably formed in or
upon circular or other discs, or within barrels, and are so arranged that there is no
free passage from the hopper to upper operating table, but the material has first to
be measured through the charging chambers, before admission to the recesses formed
in the operating table as hereinbefore described. In this manner we allow only the
required amount of material to be passed from the hopper at any one time, and thus
ensure that each package shall be of the same weight.
Instead of measuring the material through charging chambers or like appliances,
we sometimes arrange suitable mechanism for weighing the same during its trans-
mission from the hopper to the upper operating table.
After its deposit within one of the recesses of the upper operating table, the
material is carried round by the revolution of the table, and is submitted to the
pressure of a descending ram or plunger operated from the driving shaft of
the machine by a cam and levers or other suitable mechanism. On the ascent of
the ram or plunger, the table is still further revolved until the recess or chamber
containing the now compressed material is immediately over a similar recess or
chamber within the lower operating table. The recess or chamber in the lower
table contains the bag, or other wrapper, and the material is forced within the same
from the upper table, by means of a suitable extractor, or a discharging plunger,
operated from the driving shaft.
The material is subjected to a further pressure while within the chamber of the
lower table, by mechanism similar to that herein before described. After such
compression, and on further revolution of the table, the bag or wrapper with
its contents, is forced upwards by a suitable forcing appliance working preferably
from the underside of the plate or table, until the upper surface of material is,

page_text: level with the upper face of the table. We then accomplish the folding over of
the upper or open end of the bag or wrapper by means of folding pieces which we
cause to open or expand over the bag or wrapper by means of a cam driven or other
lever.
The completely folded bag or package is discharged from the lower operating
table on to a receiving plate, which is arranged to allow of vertical movement in
order to permit of the gradual discharge of the package. The bag or package is
removed from the receiving plate preferably by means of horizontally swinging arms
or levers.
The whole of the operations hereinbefore described are performed automatically
and continuously during the working of the machine, both the upper and lower
operating tables being provided with several recesses or chambers for the reception
of the material. Thus in one complete revolution of the plates or tables, several
packages will be made up and securely folded.
When wrapping materials that do not require, or will not permit of compression,
we disconnect the compression mechanism hereinbefore described, simply charging
and measuring the material into the wrapper, and folding the open end of the same
as hereinbefore described.
We do not limit the application of our invention to any particular form and
arrangement of the operating tables or other parts of our improved packing
machines, but make modifications in each or all of the details, and in the arrange-
ment of the same, to suit particular requirements.
Dated this 8th day of May 1894
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicants.
Improvements in Machines for Packing Powdered and other
Substances in Bags or like Wrappers.
We, WILLIAM HARRIS, of 366 Albert Road, Aston, Engineer, and ARTHUR
SMITH, of 47 Endicott Road, Aston, Engraver, both in the County of Warwick,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to machines for packing or wrapping powdered and other
substances, such as sugar, tea, seeds, flour and the like, in paper or other bags or
wrappers.
The object of our invention is to construct a machine into which the substance
requiring to be made up into packages of a given weight, can be charged in the bulk,
and accurately measured or weighed out in the desired quantities and packed in a
paper bag or other wrapper.
In the two accompanying sheets of explanatory drawings to be hereinafter
referred to,
Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a front elevation and Figure 2, a side elevation of our
improved machine.
Figure 3 is a plan of the operating or working tables or plates.
Figure 4 is a plan of the bell crank lever forming part of the extractor
mechanism.
Figure 5 is a sectional elevation illustrating the mechanism for measuring the
material; Figure 6 is a part plan of the same.
Figure 7 is a plan and Figure 8 a front elevation of the folding appliance to an
enlarged scale.

page_text: Figures 9, 10, and 11 are part views of the extractor mechanism to an enlarged
scale.
The same reference letters in the different views indicate the same parts.
In carrying our invention into effect we employ upper and lower operating
plates or tables A and B and mount the same upon suitable central pins or
spindles. We form chambers or recesses such as C C1 C2 C3 C4 and C³ in the
upper plate A and corresponding recesses DD' D2 D3 D and D' in the lower
plate B for the reception of the material. The tables are turned or revolved
during the revolution of the driving shaft E, the motion of the driving shaft being
transmitted to the shaft F by the pinion G and wheel H and from thence to the
shaft J by the pinion K and spur wheel L, the shaft J being carried or supported
by the inner frames or side plates M M. Upon one side of the spur wheel L we
fix a projecting pin N and on the revolution of the wheel this pin N engages
with the end of the lever O and thus at each revolution of the shaft, the spindle P is
turned through part of a revolution sufficient to give the required movement to the
table A by means of the ratchet Q operated by the levers R and S. The table B
obtains its movement from the shaft or spindle of the table A by the intermediate
spur wheels T Figure 1.
The driving shaft E receives its motion from a line shafting or direct from a
stean, gas or other engine, in any ordinary manner.
The material having been placed or fed into the hopper U arranged above the
upper operating plate or table A, the required amount of the material for one
package is measured by means of the reciprocating charging chamber U¹. The
reciprocation of the charging or measuring chamber is effected by means of the
cam U2 attached to one of the pressing rams, hereinafter described, in combination
with the spring and attachment U³ as illustrated at Figure 5. When the
measuring chamber U₁ is forced over by the cam U' and the sliding frame shown
in the figure, into position immediately under the hopper, the material falls into
the chamber, the charging being assisted by the constant revolution of the
spirals U such spirals having a vertical movement imparted thereto by the cam
or projecting pin U°. On the descent of the pressing ram the measuring chamber
is returned by the action of the spring to the position shown at Figure 5, in order
that the material may be discharged through the mouth piece Us into one of the
chambers or recesses of the upper operating table A. The capacity of the measuring
chamber may be adjusted by means of the bolts and nuts illustrated at Figure 5 the
spiral springs keeping the two halves of the chamber and sliding frame in contact
with the upper and lower guides.
Instead of measuring the material, through a charging chamber or like appliance
as bereinbefore described, we sometimes arrange suitable mechanism for weighing
the same during its transmission from the hopper to the upper operating table.
After its deposit within one of the recesses such as CFigure 3 of the upper
operating table, the material is carried round by the revolution of the table, and at
the position indicated at C it is submitted to the pressure of a descending ram or
plunger V Figure 1, operated from the shaft J by means of the crank plates J' J',
connecting levers J³ J4 and rocking levers Jo Jo secured to the shaft J. On the
ascent of the ram or plunger, the table is still further revolved through the
mechanism herein before described until the recess or chamber containing the now
compressed material is brought to the position C³ immediately over a similar recess
or chamber within the lower operating table B. The recess or chamber in the lower
table contains the bag, or other wrapper, and the material is forced within the same
from the upper table, by means of the discharging plunger V' Figures 1 and 2
operated by the connecting lever L' and rocking lever L2, from a cam formed upon
the spur wheel L.
The material is subjected to a further pressure while within the lower chamber
upon reaching the position D' by means of the ram Vs operated from the shaft J'
in the same manner as the ram V. After such compression and on further
revolution of the table to the position D³, the bag or wrapper with its contents, is

page_text: forced upwards by the rod JB operated through the levers J and J and rod J
(Figures 1 and 2) by the cam J's on the cam plate J. The vertical movement of
the rod J is set to raise the bag until the level of the material within it is at the
level of the upper face of the table B, by means of the spring catch levers J and J
(Figure 9) attached to the bracket J15 connected to the end of the lever Jo. On
the descent of the lever Jo the rod J" is depressed until the projecting ends Jie
and Jare forced in by the fixed calliper JB (the half plan of which is shown at
Figure 11) against the action of the small springs shown at Figure 9. The lower
or opposite ends of the catch levers are then released from the rod J" and no
further motion is imparted to the ascending rod J.
We then accomplish the folding over of the upper or open end of the bag or
wrapper by means of folding pieces W WW'W' (Figures 3 and 7) which we cause
to expand or slide over the bag or wrapper by the movement of the lever W*
imparted by the connecting lever W and link We operated by the cam W
(Figures 2 and 3) attached to the crank plate J'.
The completely folded bag or package is discharged by the ram X (Figure 2),
operated by the central ram V₁, from the lower operating table Bat the position D³,
on to a receiving plate X which is arranged to allow of vertical movement by
connection with the ram X in order to permit of the gradual discharge of the
package. The bag or package is removed from the receiving plate preferably by
means of the slide X2 operated through the bell crank lever X and connecting
link Xand lever X from the fulcrum or pivot pin X' of the lever J.
The whole of the operations hereinbefore described are performed automatically
and continuously during the working of the machine, both the upper and lower
operating tables being provided with several recesses or chambers for the reception
of the material. Thus in one complete revolution of the plates or tables, several
packages will be made up and securely folded. We adjust the extent of the
movement of the working parts of our machine to suit the particular size of packet
required.
When wrapping materials that do not require or will not permit of compression,
we disconnect the compression mechanism herein before described, simply charging
and measuring the material into the wrapper, and folding the open end of the same
as hereinbefore described.
We do not limit the application of our invention to any particular form and
arrangement of the operating tables or other parts of our improved packing
machines, but make modifications in each or all of the details and in the arrangement
of the same, to suit particular requirements.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
.claim is ;
.
1. The improved method of measuring out definite quantities of sugar and
other substances and packing the same in bags or wrappers to form packets of
equal dimensions by mechanical operations substantially as herein described.
2. In packing machines the use of an adjustable measuring chamber arranged for
reciprocation beneath a hopper or like receptacle substantially as hereinbefore
described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
3. In packing machines the combination of a pair of revolving tables having
chambers or receptacles formed therein for the reception of the material, with
reciprocating rams or rods arranged substantially as and for the purposes herein-
before described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
4. In packing machines the combination and arrangement of sliding pieces with a
cam and operating levers for the purpose of folding over the open end of the bag
or wrapper substantially as hereinbefore described and as illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
5. In packing machines the combination of a receiving plate with a reciprocating
ram or rod for effecting the gradual discharge of the packet from the operating

page_text: table substantially as hereinbefore described and as illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
6. The improved general construction and arrangement of a packing machine
substantially as and for the purposes herein described.
Dated this 9th day of February 1895.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham.