IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO STEAM ENGINES FOR HEATING AND PURIFYING WATER, AND HEATING OR COOLING AIR OR OTHER FLUIDS, AND FOR CONDENSING EXHAUST STEAM."
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Wright, of Tipton, in the County of Stafford, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO STEAM ENGINES FOR HEATING
AND PURIFYING WATER, AND HEATING OR COOLING AIR OR OTHER FLUIDS,
AND FOR CONDENSING EXHAUST STEAM."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Wright at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th June 1877.
"IMPROVEMENTS
JOSEPH WRIGHT, of Tipton, in the County of Stafford.
APPLICABLE TO STEAM ENGINES FOR HEATING AND PURIFYING WATER, AND
HEATING OR COOLING AIR OR OTHER FLUIDS, AND FOR CONDENSING EXHAUST
STEAM."
My Invention relates to that description of apparatus in respect of which I
applied for Letters Patent the 15 June, 1877, and it consists of various improve-
ments, herein-after described, having for their object facilitating the working and
promoting the efficiency of the said apparatus.-
In carrying out my Invention I construct each, or any required number, of the
heaters of the compound heater described in the Provisional Specification of my
former Invention, of a cylindrical form, the sides of the cylinders forming the
partitions in the water space, and I construct the water superheater of a similar
form and with bent tubes for the passage of the waste heated gases or products of
combustion, the said water superheater being employed either in conjunction with
the compound heater or separately, as desired.
I also conduct the exhaust steam from the cylinders along the sides or underneatli
the compound heater either along passages formed in the body of the same or
through separate pipes to the end of such compound heater where it may enter the
bent tubes, the exhaust steam thence traverses in succession the bent tubes of the
whole series of beaters constituting the compound heater, and the uncondensed
portion may pass into the chimney or funnel for the production of the requisite
blast.

page_text: I also provide a valve turning upon a pivot, or otherwise arranged, so as to admit
of the direction of the exhaust steam on its entering or exit from the cylinders,
being regulated in such a manner that the whole of the exhaust steam may be
conducted either into the heater or into the blast pipe, or a portion into both the
heater and the blast pipe, as may be required.
The water superheater, into which the boiled water is conducted from the com-
pound heater is arranged by preference on the opposite side of the chimney to that
at which the said compound heater is situate, the funnel or chimney being either
between the two, or otherwise, as required, and I regulate the passage of the waste
heated gases or products of combustion by means of a hinged or other valve, so
that either the whole of such gases may be conducted through the bent tubes of the
water superheater, or allowed to pass direct into the chimney, or that a portion of
the said gases may be conducted in both directions, as required.
I further propose to substitute for the bent tubes or for certain series of them, as,
for example, the inner series, straight tubes fitted in a similar manner, but having
cap pieces on the top which form an equivalent for the bend of the bent tubes, the
said cap pieces serving either for one set of tubes or for two or more sets, in which
latter case they are formed with separating partitions.
When this construction of tubes is applied to the water superheater I may make
the inner sides of the cap pieces of a pointed or angular shape, so as to facilitate
the return of any particles of coke or extraneous matters which may be carried
along with the waste gases into the tubes of the water superheater.
I also for a like purpose form an incline at the entrance to the chimney, whereby
I provide an effectual guarantee against or diminish the liability to the ejection
from the mouth of the chimney of particles of coke or other extraneous matters
which may be carried along by the action of the blast.
The compound heater may also be employed for cooling fluids, either in con-
nection with steam engines for cooling the water of condensation by the agency of
air, or separately from steam engines, as, for example, for cooling brewers' wort and
for other like purposes.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Joseph Wright in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 21st December
1877.
.
"IMPROVEMENTS
JOSEPH WRIGHT, of Tipton, in the County of Stafford.
APPLICABLE TO STEAM ENGINES FOR HEATING AND PURIFYING WATER, AND
HEATING OR COOLING AIR OR OTHER FLUIDS, AND FOR CONDENSING EXHAUST
STEAM."
My said Invention relates to that description of apparatus in respect of which
Letters Patent were granted to me dated the Fifteenth June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven, Nod. 2342, and it consists of
various improvements having for their object facilitating the working, promoting
the efficiency, and extending the application of the said apparatus, all as herein-
after described; reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed.
Figure 1 of the Drawings represents a sectional elevation of a portion of a loco-
motive engine with a feed water heating apparatus applied thereto according to my
Invention, and Figure 2 is a corresponding plan of the same. The remaining
Figures are details of modifications which will be herein-after referred to.
According to my present Invention I construct each or any required number of
the heaters of the compound heater, described in the Specification to my said former
Letters Patent of a cylindrical form, the sides of the cylinders forming equivalents
for the partitions in the water space. This arrangement is illustrated by Figures 1.
and 2 of the Drawings, in which two heaters C, C2, are represented as employed,
but it is obvious that the number may be increased if necessary. These heaters
consist respectively of outer casing, the sides a of which constitute, as before
mentioned, equivalents for the partitions described in my said former Specification
of doubly-inclined bottoms or tube plates b, 62, and of series of n bent tubes D, D²,
the ends of which are expanded into the tube plates b, b. The water spaces of the
heaters C, C, are placed in communication the one with the other by means of a
pipe d', extending from the upper part of the heater C to the lower part of the
heater C, so that the water (heated by the passage of the exhaust steam from the
engine cylinders through the tubes 1º, D,) having ascended from the lower to
the upper part of the heater D2 descends along the pipe d¹ to the lower part of the
heater D, and then rises to the upper part of the said heater, whence it may be
conducted either direct into the boiler by a suitable pipe or into the superheater C³
next herein-after described. This superheater is constructed of a similar form to
the apparatus C, C2, with a doubly-inclined bottom 63, in which are expanded the
ends of the bent tubes D³. The heated water from the heater C is conducted,
by a pipe m', leading from the upper part of the said heater to the lower part of
the superheater C3, where it is further heated or superheated by the passage in the
direction indicated by the arrows of the waste gases or heated products of com-
bustion from the fire through the tubes D³ on their way to the funnel or chimney G,
the water thus superheated in the chamber C3 is thereby caused to ascend to the
upper part of the said chamber, whence it is conducted into the boiler A by a
pipe m in proportion as cold water is forced into the heater C2 through the pipe h.
This water superheater may be employed alone, that is to say, without the coin-
pound heater C, C2, or in combination with the compound heater described in my
said former Specification, if desired.
It will be seen that, as in the case of the arrangements described in my said
former Specification, the water in the heaters is boiled or heated while subjected to
the same pressure as that of the water contained in the boiler, which method is
conducive to the precipitation of the impurities which were held in suspension in
the water when cold, whilst the sides of the heater in conjunction with the large
clusters of tubes in close proximity thereto by steadying the water, facilitate
the settling of the impurities thus precipitated, and which are discharged by blow
cocks n, n2, n³.

page_text: I conduct the exhaust steam from the engine cylinders underneath the compound
heater C, C2, either along passages formed in the body of the same, as shewn,
and connected with the pipe i from the engine cylinders or through separate pipes
connected to the said pipe, or the said passages or pipes may be formed in or
arranged at the sides of the compound heater in lieu of underneath; in either case
the said pipes or passages terminate at the end of the compound heater, and the
exhaust steam thus conducted is introduced into the compartment E3, whence it
passes in succession through the tubes D2, compartment E, tubes D, and com-
partment E, the uncondensed portion escaping into the chimney or funnel G for the
production of the requisite blast whilst the water of condensation is conveyed away.
by a syphon pipe l.
I provide a valve H, turning upon a pivot at r, or otherwise arranged, so as to
admit of the direction of the exhaust steam on its exit from the engine cylinders
being regulated in such a manner that the whole of the exhaust steam may be
conducted either into the tubes of the compound heater C, C2, or into the blast
pipe I, or a portion into both the heater and the blast pipe, as may be required,
according to the position into which the valve H is turned. In the position of the
valve indicated by the full lines in Figure 1, the whole of the exhaust steam will
pass into the heater; whilst in the position denoted by the dotted lines in that
Figure, the whole of the exhaust steam will pass into the blast pipe.
I also regulate the passage of the waste heated gases or products of combustion
by means of a hinged valve K. or a valve of any other suitable description, so that
either the whole of such gases may be conducted through the bent tubes D³ of the
water superheater Cs, or allowed to pass direct into the chimney or funnel G, or
that a portion of the said gases may be conducted in both directions, as required.
In the position of the valve K, represented in the Drawing, the whole of the
waste gases will pass through the superheater on their way to the chimney or
funnel G.
I further, in some cases, substitute for the bent tubes or for certain series of them,
as, for example, the inner series, straight tubes 3, 3, (see Figures 3 and 4). fitted in
a similar manner, but having cap pieces 4 on the top which form an equivalent for
the bend of the bent tubes, the said cap pieces serving either for one set of tubes,
as shewn in Figure 3, or for two or more sets (as shewn in Figure 4, as applied to
two sets), in which latter case they are formed with separating partitions 5.
When this construction of tubes is applied to the water superheater, I may make
the inner sides of the cap pieces of a pointed or angular shape, as shewn most
clearly at 6 in Figure 3, so as to facilitate the return of any particles of coke or
extraneous matters which may be carried along with the waste gases into the tubes
of the water superheater.
I also in some cases for a like purpose form an incline at the entrance to the
chimney, whereby I provide an effectual guarantee against or diminish the liability
to the ejection from the mouth of the chimney of particles of coke or other.
extraneous matters which may be carried along by the action of the blast.
The arrangements, herein-before described, for conducting and regulating the flow
of the exhaust steam, and for regulating the escape of the waste heated gases or
products of combustion, and the modifications in the construction of the tubes and
other details may also be applied to the apparatus described in my said former
Specification.
The improved compound heater, constructed according to my present Invention,
is applicable to the various purposes mentioned in my said former Specification.
The apparatus may also be employed for cooling fluids either in connection with
steam engines for cooling the water of condensation by the agency of air, or
separately from steam engines, as, for example, for cooling brewers' wort and for
other like purposes, such modifications in the details only being made as will
readily suggest themselves to competent persons skilled in the particular branch of
industry to which it is required to apply it..
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said Inven-

page_text: tion and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into effect,
I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original, and
therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent is,-
First. The peculiar construction and arrangement of compound apparatus C, C²,
with its accessories, substantially as and for the purposes herein-before described,
and as illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.
Secondly. The employment of a heater C³, either alone or in conjunction with
a compound heater, when arranged so as to operate substantially in the manner
and for the purposes herein-before described, and as illustrated by the accompanying
Drawings.
Thirdly. The general arrangement and combination of parts for regulating the
passage of the exhaust steam and the waste gases or heated products of combustion,
and utilizing the same for heating feed water, substantially as herein-before
described, and illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Wright, have to this my Specification
set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of December, One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-seven.
JOSEPH WRIGHT. (L.S.)