Improvements in Heating Rollers or Cylinders for Ironing, Calendering, Goffering, Roasting, and other like Purposes.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Jan., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 21st Oct., 1896-Accepted, 16th Jan., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Heating Rollers or Cylinders for Ironing,
Calendering, Goffering, Roasting, and other like Purposes.
We, ROBERT HAOKING, of 44 Crocus Street, Joiner, and JOHN BENNETT, of
168 London Road, Agent, both in the Town and County of the Town of
Nottingham, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the construction and manner of
heating the rollers of goffering, calendering, ironing, frilling, and other machines
for preparing textile fabrics, lace, and the like, and also the rollers or cylinders
for roasting coffee and other food stuffs, or similar cylinders which are at present
heated by steam, gas jets, or heated irons.
According to our invention, the roller or cylinder is heated by means of an
electric current converted into heat by passing through a wire or coil of proper
resistance. The heating coil, or its equivalent, is arranged within the roller in a
jacket, or in a central tube, or in a hollow spindle to which the roller is keyed or
fixed, and which may be driven by an electro-motor or otherwise. The spindle
(or it may be hollow gudgeons or their equivalent) fixed to the ends or covers of
the roller is suitably insulated from the wires leading to the heating coil by plaster
of Paris, cement, or otherwise; and, except in the case of cylinders used for
roasting coffee and the like, the ends of the roller are made air-tight, so as to
prevent chemical action on the inside of the roller. Suitable contacts are made at
the ends of the roller, or rollers, with the lead wires, so that the electric circuit is
not affected by the revolution of the rollers; and a mercury pile or other device in
connection with resistances may be arranged to increase or diminish the current at
will and thereby regulate the heat of the rollers.
In the case of coffee and like cylinders, the heating coil is preferably arranged
in the tubular spindle passing through the cylinder, said cylinder being, in this
case, provided with a lid or door, through which the coffee, or other substance,
may be introduced.
DL
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Improvements in Heating Rollers or Cylinders for Ironing,
Calendering, Goffering, Roasting, and other like Purposes.
We, ROBERT HACKING, of 44 Crocus Street, Joiner, and JOHN BENNETT, of
58 London Road, Agent, both in the Town and County of the Town of
Nottingham, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
he same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
ده

page_text: the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to
the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
This invention relates to improvements in the construction and manner of
heating the rollers of goffering, calendering, ironing, frilling, and other machines
for preparing textile fabrics, lace, and the like, and also the rollers or cylinders
for roasting coffee and other food-stuffs, or similar cylinders which are at present
heated by steam, gas jets, or heated irons.
According to our invention, the roller or cylinder is heated by means of an
electric current converted into heat by passing through a wire or coil of proper
resistance. The heating coil, or its equivalent, is arranged within the roller in a
jacket, or in a central tube, or in a hollow spindle, to which the roller is keyed or
fixed, and which may be driven by an electro-motor, or otherwise. The spindle
(or it may be hollow gudgeons or their equivalent) fixed to the ends or covers of
the roller, is suitably insulated from the wires leading to the heating coil by plaster
of Paris, cement, or otherwise, and, except in the case of cylinders used for
roasting coffee and the like, the ends of the roller are made air-tight, so as to
prevent chemical action on the inside of the roller. Suitable contacts are made at
the ends of the roller, or rollers, with the lead wires so that the electric circuit is
not affected by the revolution of the rollers; and a mercury pile, or other device
in connection with resistances may be arranged to increase or diminish the current
at will, and thereby regulate the heat of the roller.
In the case of coffee and like cylinders, the heating coil is preferably arrange i
in the tubular spindle passing through the roller or cylinder, said roller or cylinder
being, in this case, provided with a lid or door through which.the coffee or other
substance may be introduced.
And in order that our invention may be readily understood we will describe the
same fully with reference to the annexed drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of an ironing machine provided with our improved
means for heating the rollers.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal part sectional elevation of the same, and
Fig. 3 is a section of the ironing roller or cylinder separately, to a larger scale.
Fig. 4 is a section of a roasting cylinder, and Fig. 5 of a crimping or goffering
machine constructed according to our invention.
.a are the ironing, calendering, or goffering rollers, or cylinders, which are hollow,
as seen by the sections Figs. 1 and 3, and consist of an outer tube having either a
smooth, or a corrugated, or grooved surface of steel, or suitable material, and ends
or covers a¹ having bosses a fixed by set screws as on a central shaft or spindle b.
The said shaft or spindle is carried in a frame c which may be of any suitable
construction. The cylinder a is prevented from moving independently of the end
covers al by means of a nib or projection on one of them, and a keeper screw a
on the other. By withdrawing this screw a, the cylinder may be removed for
repairs or other purposes. d is the heating coil which may be of any pitch or
number of turns.according to the heat required and the capacity of the wire. It
is wound upon an inner tube e, preferably of tioplate, which is covered with
asbestos cloth, or with other suitable fireproof insulating material, and forms a
jacket to the outer tube a. After the heating coil has been wound upon the
asbestus cloth, it is covered with plaster of Paris, or asbestos cement g, which
fills up the space between the two tubes. The ends of the coil are secured to
insulated brass or copper contact rings h on which contact rollers i are caused
to press by means of springs ¹.
Instead of these contact rollers, brushes, such as those used on the commutators
of dynamos, copper springs, or other forms of contact may be employed. When
two rollers or cylinders are to be heated, as represented in Figs. 1 and 2, the
heating coils may be arranged in series, as shewn, through a spring. contact for
example, or the series connection may be through rollers, like the main connection,
as in Fig. 3, but the coils may also be in parallel, if desired.

page_text: The motor mechanism and contacts are preferably enclosed in a casing k of tin
plate, or the like.
In the arrangement of cylinder or drum for roasting or heating substances
placed inside it, which is shewn in Fig. 4, a is the outer casing or cylinder proper,.
and ax is a door, (or doors) for the introduction and withdrawal of the substances.
The arrangement shewn is specially suitable for roasting coffee.
The heating
coils d are arranged round the spindle b, being wound upon asbestos cloth f, or the-
like, forming a covering for the said spindle. The coil d is enclosed or embedded
in plaster or asbestos cement g, and outside it is arranged a tube e which forms-
the radiating surface. The roasting cylinder a with lid a* may be of any of the
usual well known forms. The doors may, in some cases, be arranged in the end
covers a of the cylinder, and heating coils may also be arranged at each end.
thereof.
Fig. 5 shows a crimping or goffering machine of ordinary construction, but.
heated by means of tubes e enclosing a similar arrangement of heating coils to that
shewn in section in Fig. 4. In this case, however, the heating tubes do not
rotate, as in the roasting cylinder, but are stationary, and are carried on brackets-
or projections from the frame of the machine. The belts or bands m carrying
the goffering irons or crimps n pass over the tubes e and the irons thereby become
heated to the desired degree.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same may be performed, we declare that what we-
claim is:
1. In an ironing, calendering, goffering, or like machine, the combination of a
cylinder mounted removably on ends or covers secured to a central shaft, an electric-
heating coil, a jacket or lining tube inside the cylinder covered with suitable
fireproof material upon which the coil is wound, a layer of plaster of Paris, or
asbestos cement, surrounding the coils, and contact rings connected to the ends
of said coil on which rings press contact rollers carried by spring arms, substantially
as described with reference to Figs. 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings.
2. In an apparatus for roasting or heating substances, the combination of a
hollow cylinder or drum having a door, or doors, for the introduction of the
substances, a shaft or spindle carrying the said cylinder or drum, and covered with
asbestos cloth, and an electric heating coil wound round said asbestos cloth and
covered with plaster or asbestos cement, and a tube enclosing the plaster or cement-
and forming the radiating surface, substantially as described with reference to
Fig. 4 of the drawings.
3. In a goffering or crimping machine, the combination with the endless belts.
carrying the goffering irons, of the heating coils arranged in stationary tubes and
serving to heat the said irons, substantially as described with reference to Fig. 5
of the drawings.
4. Our improvements in heating rollers or cylinders for ironing, calendering,.
goffering, roasting, and other like purposes, substantially as hereinbefore described
and as shewn in the accompanying drawings.
ULLTS
ERNEST DE PASS,
Chartered Patent Agent,
78, Fleet Street, London, and 5ª Market Street, Nottingham,.
Agent for the Applicants.