Improvements in Astragals for Roofs and Side Lights, also in Linings or Coatings for the same, and in Means for Fixing the Glass in Position.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Aug., 1886.
Complete Left, 26th May, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 28th June, 1887.
Improvements in Astragals for Roofs and Side Lights, also in
Linings or Coatings for the same, and in Means for Fixing the
Glass in Position.
I DAVID BROWN of the firm David Brown and Company, 46 Camberwell Green,
Surrey, Builders and Contractors do hereby declare the nature of my said invention
to be as follows :-
The object of this invention is First to make astragals or sash frames in metal, such
as are used for Glass roofing of Greenhouses, Conservatories, Side lights, or similar
structures also for glass roofing generally such as Railway and other Stations or places
requiring glass roofing or side lights, by combining two bars each having a single
curl, in which case the curl supports the glass either directly or by a lead or like edging
fitted on the curl the curl also forms a drip water channel or the said single curled bar
may be wholly or partially covered with lead or the like, a capping of lead or other
material being employed to fix tho glass down upon the astragal.
According to the second part of my invention each bar has two curls of the same
or of different shapes which two bars when rivetted or bolted together form a drip
water channel between the upper curls, the lower curls forming condensed water
channels.
Said single or double curled bar may when in pairs have an intermediate strip of
lead, copper or other material secured between them or fixed upon the upper curls to
form double or single drip water channels the lower curls serving as condensed water
channels. The intermediate strips may be single or double i.e. two distinct strips or
a single strip folded to make two and form dividing beads between the two rows of
glass, which beads may be folded down upon the glass as caps thereto for holding the
glass in position either by their own stiffness or rigidity, by screw pins or by clip
pieces passed through apertures at intervals or separate caps may be secured.
The glass can rest directly upon the upper curls or have a layer of lead or the like
as a cushion.
According to the third part of my invention the astragals are made of 1 or shaped
bars, the longer legs of the ☐ being secured together either directly or with an inter-

page_text: mediate strip of copper, lead or other material in which either a drip water channel, a
condensed water channel or combined drip water and condensed water channels formed
from the folding or rolling operation or as condensed water channels only, a portion of
said material or a distinct piece forming a drip water channel and a support for the
glass. Said drip water channel and glass support may be formed from a capping piece
which fixes the glass in position with or without a cement such as bitumen or distinct
cappings can be used, which may be connected to the exposed upper part of the
astragal or formed from distinct intermediate pieces.
The fourth part of my invention relates to forming and affixing zinc or other metal
to ordinary wooden astragals to serve for collecting drip water, condensed water or
both drip and condensed water also in fixing metal caps to said wooden astragals which
caps serve to fix the glass in position and also to protect putty or the like, if such be
used from the action of the atmosphere.
The channels formed by my metallic fixings may be supported on the rabbett of the
astragal and have a curled lower end forming a condensed water channel or the fixing
may be gutter shape suspended from the astragals for both condensed and drip water.
Dated this 26th day of August 1886.
H. GARDNER,
166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said D. Brown.

page_text: Improvements in Astragals for Roofs and Side Lights, also in
Linings or Coatings for the same, and in Means for Fixing the
Glass in Position.
I, DAVID BROWN of the firm David Brown and Company, 46 Camberwell Green,
Surrey, Builders and Contractors, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is, First to make astragals or sash frames in metal such
as are used for glass roofing of greenhouses, conservatories, side lights or similar
structures also for glass roofing generally, such as railway and other stations or places
requiring glass roofing or side lights by combining two bars, each having a single curl
in which case the curl supports the glass either directly or by a lead or like edging
fitted on the curl, the curl also forms a drip water channel, or the said single curled
bar may be wholly or partially covered with lead or the like, a capping of lead or other
material being employed to fix the glass down upon the astragal.
The first part of my invention is exemplified by Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 of
the annexed drawings. In Figure 1 I show two single curled bars A A put back to back
and formed when rivetted together a single astragal, the curled part B forming drip
water channels as indicated by Figure 4.
Figure 2 shows a capping of lead or the like C which fits over the flat portions of
the bars A also shown at Figure 4 and fixed in position by the screws, one of which
is shown at Figure 3. This capping C has flanges D, D, which when pressed down
upon the glass E keep it in position and prevent it lifting during high winds or the
like. The flanges DD in Figure 4 are shown as lying Hat upon the glass E but if
putty, bitumen, or other cement be used, the flanges DD may be shaped as indicated
at Figure 5, in which Figure the glass is resting upon strips of lead For the like
fitted on the edge of the curl B as a cushion.
Figure 6 represents two similar bars A A with a strip of lead or the like folded
and rivetted between them and with portions DD projecting, which when the glass
has been placed upon the curl whether the edging strips F Figure 5 be used or not,
they are folded down upon the glass either according to the plan shown at Figure 7 or
according to the plan shown at Figure 5.
In Figure 7 I have shown vertical ribs H H in the channels BB and capped with
thin lead as cushions, on which the glass E rests, said channel serving a double
purpose i.e. a drip and condensed water channel. Instead of folding the intermediate
piece two distinct pieces of lead or the like may be fitted between the bars A A and a
capping Cas at Figure 7 may be fitted on if desired.
In all these Figures the bars AA are shown with a considerable portion above the
level of the glass E but they may be made shorter, so that other intermediate
pieces GG by being bent over and curled as at Figure 8 may serve to support the
glass and form drip water channels, the curled portions BB of the astragal, serving as
condensed water channels. The lead or like tipping F may be continued in the curl B
of the astragal A and carried up to form the flange D) as at Figure 9, or each bar A A
of the astragul may be surrounded with lead as at Figure 10, in which case the
astragal, if of iron, would be protected from oxidation without the use of paint or
other protective agent.

page_text: Figure 11 represents a section of astragal A. A with vertical ribs HH capped with
lead for cushioning the glass E E said section otherwise corresponds to Figure 4.
Figure 12 shows a wooden curb I sheathed with lead or its equivalent and having
one of the astragal bars A attached by screws, said bar A having the vertical rib H
in the curl or combined drip and condensed water channel, but it may be otherwise
arranged.
According to the second part of my invention, each bar A, A has two curls of the
same see Figures 13 to 17 or of different shapes, which two bars when rivetted or
bolted together form a drip water channel J between the upper curls K, K, the lower
curls B. B forming condensed water channels.
Said single or double curled bars may when in pairs have an intermediate strip of
lead, copper, or other material L secured between them or fixed upon the upper curls
to form double or single drip water channels. The intermediate strips C may be single
or double i.c. two distinct strips, or a single strip folded to make two and form dividing
beads between the two rows of glass, which beads may be folded down upon the
glass E as caps D thereto for holding the glass in position either by their own stiffness
or rigidity, by screw pins or by clip pieces passed through apertures at intervals, or
soparate caps M may bo secured see Figures 13 and 14. The glass can rest directly
upon the upper curls or have a layer of lead or the like as a cushion.
According to the third part of my invention, the astragals A, A, are made
of 1 or shaped bars see Figures, 18, 19, 20 and 21, the longer legs of the L being
secured together either directly or with an intermediate strip of copper, lead, or other
material, and with either a drip water channel, G a condensed water channel B or
combined drip water and condensed water channels G, B, formed from the folding or
rolling operation or as condensed water channels only a portion of said material or a
distinct piece forming a drip water channel and a support for the glass, said drip
water channel and glass support may be formed from a capping piece which fixes the
glass in position, with or without a cement, such as bitumen see Figures 20 and 21. or
distinct cappings can be used see Figures 18 and 19 which may be connected to the
exposed upper part of the astragal or formed from distinct intermediate pieces.
The fourth part of my invention relates to forming and affixing zinc B or other
motal to ordinary wooden astragals A A see Figures 22 and 23 to serve for collecting
drip water, condensed water, or both drip and condensed water also in fixing metal
caps C to said wooden astragals, which caps serve to fix the glass E in position and
also to protect putty N or the like, if such be used, from the action of the atmosphere.
The channels formed by my metallic fixings may be supported on the rabbet of the
astragal and have a curled lower end B Figure 23 forming a condensed water channel
or the fixing may be gutter .shape see Figure 22 suspended from the astragal A for
both condensed and drip water.
The bottom ends of the glass E of a slanting roof may be held by clips P which
hang from the top edge of the glass next below at the overlap see Figure 24.
Figure 25 is a part perspective view of a roof constructed with my astragal according
to Figure 11.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
The several detail improvements in compound astragals and in means of combining,
fastening also securing glass in position as hereinbefore described and as exemplified
by the drawings annexed hereto.
E