Improvements in Electrical Batteries.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 29th July, 1887
Complete Left, 29th May, 1888
Complete Accepted, 29th June, 1888
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Electrical Batteries.
I, CHAIMSONOVITZ PROSPER ELIESON, of Highfields, Leytonstone, in the county
of Essex, Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to primary and secondary electric batteries, and consists in
the combination of two hollow electrodes of prismatic, cylindrical or other desirable
form, adapted to be placed one within the other and, in the case of a secondary
battery, each composed or built up of a series of plates or strips of metal superposed
or placed face to face, but separated from each other by interposed pieces or
strips of asbestos or other suitable porous material, all the said plates or strips being
clamped or secured in position by rods, bolts or other desirable means.
In the case of a primary battery the hollow electrodes are built up in a similar
manner as for a secondary battery except that the asbestos or other porous
material is not required the strips of suitable material being kept separate by
distance pieces.
In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is an elevation of a secondary battery
of prismatic shape constructed according to my invention. Figure 2 is a plan of the
same. Figure 3 is a section on the line x, x, of figure 1. Figure 4 is a view of a
detail. Figure 5 is a plan view of a battery of circular shape.
a, b, are the two electrodes of the battery, each of which comprises a series
of layers c, of suitable metal such as lead and a series of intermediate layers d, of
asbestos.
These two series of layers of each electrode are clamped between two end plates or
rings e, by means of the longitudinal rods or bolts f; and the nuts g, or by any other
means suitable for the purpose.
Each of the layers may be formed of a single piece of material of the same shape
as the hollow body in horizontal section, but I prefer to form each layer of several
pieces, whereby I avoid any undue waste of material. As shewn in figures 1, 2 and 3
each layer c, comprises four strips h, (figure 4) having holes through which the
rods f, pass short pieces d, of asbestos or the like being placed between the said
rods upon the strips h.

page_text: In the circular arrangement shewn in figure 5 each layer is also in four pieces or
segments.
One or more pairs of electrodes constructed as hereinbefore described are placed
in any suitable vessel the conductors being connected to any convenient part of
the electrodes.
To prevent the two electrodes from striking against or coming into contact with
each other I place strips i, of india rubber or other suitable insulating material
between the adjacent faces of the two electrodes. As shewn in the drawing these
strips, are in the form of endless bands which are hooked over the projecting ends of
the rods f, in order to maintain the said strips in position.
It will be obvious that in applying my invention to the manufacture of electrodes
for a primary battery the layers 'c, of the two electrodes are made of different
materials such as zinc and carbon, the intermediate layers d, of asbestos or other
porous material not being required, suitable distance pieces being employed to keep
the layers c, separate.
The chief advantages of my improved electrodes, especially when used in a secondary
battery, are that there is no liability of the bending or buckling as is so frequently the
case with electrodes in the form of plates; and that when in use for locomotive purposes,
for instance in driving tramcars, the plates cannot come into contact owing to the
shaking. Another great advantage is that the entire area of surface is exposed
to electrical action as compared with the partial area exposed in the case of plates
hitherto employed.
Again, the mode of building up my electrodes and of holding the layers of metal
and asbestos in their relative positions allows of making provision for the accretion
due to continued oxidation.
G. F. REDFERN,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: the adjacent faces of the two electrodes. As shown in the drawing these strips i are
in the form of endless bands which are hooked over the projecting ends of the rods f
in order to maintain the said strips in position.
It will be obvious that in applying my invention to the manufacture of electrodes
for a primary battery the layers c of the two electrodes are made of different materials
such as zinc and carbon, the intermediate layers d of asbestos or other porous material
not being required, suitable distance pieces being employed to keep the layers c separate.
The chief advantages of my improved electrodes, especially when used in a secondary
battery, are that there is no liability of the bending or buckling as is so frequently
the case with electrodes in the form of plates; and that when in use for locomotive
purposes, for instance in driving tramcars, the plates cannot come into contact owing
to the shaking. Another great advantage is that the entire area of surface is exposed
to electrical action as compared with the partial area exposed in the case of plates
hitherto employed.
Again, the mode of building up my electrodes and of holding the layers of metal
and asbestos in their relative positions allows of making provision for the accretion
due to continued oxidation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I delare that what I
claim is :-
1. In an electric secondary battery, the combination of two hollow electrodes each
of which comprises a series of layers of metal separated by alternating pieces or strips
of asbestos or other suitable porous material, clamped or secured together by any
desirable means, substantially as described.
2. In an electric primary battery the combination of a hollow electrode placed
within a second hollow electrode, one of the electrodes being built up of a series
of strips of material suitable for a positive electrode, and the other hollow electrode
being built up of a series of strips of material suitable for a negative electrode the
adjacent strips being separated by distance pieces, substantially as described.
3. An improved electric secondary battery constructed and arranged substantially
as herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
4. An improved electric primary battery constructed substantially as herein
described.
A
1000