Improved Means for Carbonating Liquids
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Jan., 1899-Accepted, 9th Sept., 1899
Improved Means for Carbonating Liquids,
A communication from abroad by Orro W. ACKERMAN, of 590, First Avenue,
Machinist, and PETER E. MALMSTROM, of 321, East 25th Street, Manu-
facturer, both in the City of New York, United States of America.
I, BERNHARD BARON, of 4, Saint James Place, in the City of London, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
The invention relates to improvements in method of and apparatus for carbonat-
ing liquids, wherein a carbonating gas is caused to commingle with liquid, such,
for instance, as water, to produce carbonated water.
In carrying out the invention there are provided two cylinders or chambers,
one of which is connected with gas and water inlet, and also with a cooling coil,
which coil communicates, through a filter, with the other cylinder or chamber
and the latter communicates with a draw off or outlet for the carbonated liquid.
A check valve is provided between the first mentioned cylinder and the coil to
prevent back flow of gas, and a check valve is provided in the liquid inlet lead-
ing to the first mentioned cylinder. The gas inlet is also provided with a suitable
cock or valve to control the gas and liquid in the corresponding. cylinder. In
carbonating the liquid in this apparatus, gas under the desired pressure, is let
into one cylinder and passes thence through the coil and filter into the other
cylinder and also fills the pipes. The gas is then drawn off from the first
mentioned cylinder and liquid is admitted thereto until it is filled, whereupon
gas is again admitted to said cylinder but under increased pressure and it thereupon
acts to force the liquid from said cylinder through the coil and filter into the
other cylinder, whereby the liquid and gas become thoroughly commingled by.
passing in a fine state through the porous body in the filter and the resulting
carbonated liquid can be drawn off for use as desired.
It will be understood that the gas may be supplied from a suitable reservoir
and a pressure regulator interposed between said reservoir and the cylinders.
The invention also consists in the novel details of improvement and the com-
bination of parts that will be more fully hereinafter set forth and then pointed out
in the claims.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming part hercof,
wherein.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a carbonating apparatus embodying the inven-
tion, the casing being in section;
Figure 2 is a plan view thereof;
Figure 3 is a side elevation of a cock used to control the gas and the liquid;
Figure 4 is a central section thereof;
Figure 5 is a section on the line a, e, of Figure 4; and
Figure 6 is a horizontal section on the line y y, in Figure 5.
Q71

page_text: Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several
views.
1, 2, indicate strong cylinders or chambers, which may be of suitable construc-
tion, and 3 is a pipe or tube leading to cylinder 1 to conduct gas thereto from a
suitable gas supply. There is shown a retort or reservoir 4 for containing car-
bonic acid gas to supply the cylinders, which retort is connected with pipe 3 by
a pipe 3 and other suitable connections, a gas pressure regulator and gauge 5
being interposed in the line of piping in well known manner, 6 being
a stop cock located in the piping between retort 4 and cylinder 1. 8 is a
pipe that leads to cylinder 1 from a liquid or water supply, such as a street main.
and 9 is a check valve connected with said pipe to close when pressure is greater
in cylinder 1 than in the liquid supply pipe and to prevent exit of liquid and gas
from cylinder 1. From cylinder I extends a pipe 10 that leads to a cooling
coil 11, and said coil leads, by a pipe 12, to a filter 13, which latter is in com-
munication with the interior of cylinder or chamber 2. 10 is a check valve in
pipe 10 to prevent back flow from cylinder 2 to cylinder 1. The filter 13 may be
of any suitable construction. As here shown it consists of an inner perforated
pipe 13 which passes centrally through and supports the percolating medium 135
the top and bottom of the central hole through which are closed by suitable
washers 13. An outlet pipe 14 extends from cylinder 2 and leads to a suitable
draw off cock 15 whereby the carbonated liquid can be drawn from the mixing
cylinder 2.
In order to conveniently regulate the passage of gas and liquid to and from
the cylinder or chamber 1 there is provided a cock or valve 16 that is located
between said cylinder and the pressure regulator 5, such cock or valve being.
shown disposed between and connecting the pipes 3 and 3". This cock or valve 16
is clearly illustrated in Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6, and it consists primarily of a cast-
ing having four ways 17, 18, 19, 20, that are controlled by valves. The way 17
extends through the. part 16" to where it meets the way 18 that extends at right
angles thereto through the part 16b. The way 20 extends parallel to way 18,.
through parts 16b and 16º, and is joined by way 19 that extends parallel to way 17.
through part 16. The ways 17 and 19 thus have no direct communication. The
way 18 and one end of way 20 both open at the end of hub 16b into a chamber 21
that is formed in a sleeve or extension 22 shown detachably connected with
hub 10 by screw threads. Within chamber 21 is a valve to control ways 18
and 20. For this purpose there is shown a washer or disk 23 resting on a seat 24.
at the end of hub 166 and closing ways 18, and 20, and upon this washer or
disk rests a plunger 25 having a stem 26 and shoulder 27. 28 is a spring encircl-.
ing said stem and bearing against said shoulder, 29 being an adjusting plug or
cap having a recess 30 to receive the spring 28 and stem 26, which plug is shown.
connected with sleeve 22 by screw threads, whereby it can be adjusted to regulate
the compression of spring 28, said plug having a head or thumb piece 31 for its
manipulation. The plunger 25 is shown guided in a sleeve 32 located in.
chamber 21 of sleeve 22. The normal action of spring 28 and plunger 25 is
to keep ways 18 and 20 closed. The plunger 25 may be operated to permit the.
passage of gas from way 18 through chamber 21 to ways 20 and 19 by suitable
means. There is shown a lever 33 pivotally connected with the sleeve 22 of the.
casting 16, the inner end of which lever is located in a recess 34 therein and
pivoted on a pin or shaft 35 carried by said sleeve. The end of lever 33 passes
through a slot 32ª in sleeve 32 and enters a recess 25" in plunger 25, whereby,
as said lever is operated, the plunger can be raised to allow gas to pass from way 18
to way 20. 20 is a bore or recess in part 16° of casting 16 which communicates.
with way 20, being substantially a continuation thereof, and said bore is pro-
vided with screw threads that receive corresponding threads on a plug 36 that is
provided with a shoulder 37 which bears against the outer end of part 16. The
plug 36 has a longitudinal way or bore 38 that opens into bore 20", and a bore 39
that opens into bore 38, and 40 is a spout connected with bore 39. Into bore 38

page_text: extends a pin or rod 41 that is provided on a part of same with screw threads
which mesh with corresponding threads in an enlarged part of bore 38, the length
of pin 41 being such as to close bore 39 when screwed into bore 38 sufficiently.
42 is a handle on pin or rod 41 to operate it. The part 16" is connected with
pipe 3 and the part 16d with pipe 3, the arrangement being such that when
bore or way 39 is closed and plunger 25 raised gas will pass through ways 17, 18,
and chamber 21 to ways 20 and 19 and thus to cylinder or chamber 1 and when
ways 17 and 20 are closed by washer 23, and bore or way 39 opened gas or liquid
can pass from cylinder 1 through ways 19, 20, 20, 38 and 39. By preference the
cylinders 1, 2, coil 11, filter 13 and the connecting pipes are enclosed within a tank
or vessel 43 adapted to receive ice to cool the coil and cylinders, and the parts 9,
15 and 16 may be attached to said vessel as shown.
The operation or carbonating liquids by means of the apparatus is as follows:.
The draw off cock 15 and way or bore 39 being closed, cock 6 is opened and
plunger 25 is raised whereupon_gas_will_pass_trom-pipe-3",-under-the-desired-
pressure, through ways 17, 18, chamber 21, ways 20 and 19 and pipe 3 to cylinder
or chamber 1, trom whence it will pass through pipe 10, coil 11, pipe 12, and
filter 13 to cylinder 2. Plunger 25 is next allowed to close ways 18 and 20 and
bore 39 is opened, whereupon the gas from cylinder or chamber 1, will escape
through pipe 3 and ways 19, 20, 20, 38 and 39, check valve 10" preventing the
passage of gas from cylinder 2 and coil 11 to cylinder 1. The gas pressure in
cylinder 1 being thus reduced, liquid will enter cylinder 1 past check valve 9
through pipe 8 and when the cylinder is filled the liquid will escape through bore
or way 39 whereupon the latter will be closed. Cock 6 and valve 25 will again
be opened and gas, under increased pressure, will enter cylinder 1 and thereupon
force the liquid from said cylinder through coil 11 and filter 13 into cylinder or
chamber 2, whereby the liquid will be commingled with the gas in 11 and 2, and
become carbonated. Any gas rising from chamber 2 and entering the porous
body of the filter will there meet the entering liquid in an atomised form and be
carried back to chamber 2. The carbonated liquid can then be drawn off through
cock 15 as desired.
From the foregoing it will be seen that by the mere manipulation of valve 25
and pin or rod 41 the operation of carbonating liquid is performed, because by
merely opening valve 25 and closing bore 39 the cylinders, coil and pipe will be
charged with gas, then by closing valve 25 and opening bore 39 one of the
cylinders will be emptied of gas and filled with liquid, and then by again closing
bore 39 and opening valve 25 increased gas pressure will cause the liquid to
commingle with the gas first charged into the apparatus.
It is evident that the coil 11 can be dispensed with and pipes 10 and 12 con-
nected to join cylinders 1 and 2 direct; also that the cock 16 can be altered if
desired but arranged in such manner as to permit the passage of gas to and from
cylinder 1 and that other minor details can be changed to suit requirements.
The invention is therefore not limited to the exact details of construction
shown and described as they may be varied without departing from the spirit of
same.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The method of carbonating liquid consisting in charging with gas a pair of
connected cylinders or chambers, in then withdrawing the gas from one of the
cylinders or chambers, in then charging that cylinder or chamber with liquid,
and in then admitting gas, under increased pressure, to the cylinder or chamber
containing the liquid and causing the liquid to pass to the other cylinder or
chamber to commingle with the gas therein, substantially as set forth.
2. In a carbonating apparatus the combination of two cylinders or chambers,
a coil interposed between them through which they connect, a check valve between

page_text: the coil and one cylinder, a gas and a liquid inlet for said cylinder, and means to
control the supply of gas-to said cylinder, substantially as described.
3. In a carbonating apparatus the combination of cylinders 1 and 2, a coil
connected with cylinder 1, a check valve between said coil and cylinder, a filter
connected with cylinder 2, and also connected with said coil, a gas inlet for
cylinder 1, a liquid inlet therefor, a check valve on the liquid supply pipe to
cylinder 1, and an outlet for cylinder 2, substantially as described.
4. In a carbonating apparatus the construction of a cock, substantially as and
for the purpose described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
5. In a carbonating apparatus the arrangement and construction of parts sub-
stantially as described and illustrated.
Dated the 0141 dau of Law 1900
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agent,
For the Applicant.