Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 18th July. 1888
Complete Specification Left, 16th Apr., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 18th May, 1889
I, ALBERT SAILLER, of Witkowitz, Moravia, Austria, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Gas generators or producers when used for metallurgical purposes are generally
employed in connection with that class of furnaces in which heated air is used for
combustion.
The heating of the air used for combustion is effected in most cases in regenerators
which have previously taken up a portion of the heat of the gaseous products of
combustion issuing from the furnace.
In most cases, likewise the temperature of the gases on their way to the furnace has
to be increased since they have lost the greater part of their active heat in consequence
of the long conduits or passages through which they travel not being sufficiently
protected from cooling influences.
Of late more attention has been bestowed upon the prevention of this unnecessary
loss of heat and by means of suitable arrangements a large portion of the active
heat with which the gases leave the generator is now retained until such gases enter
the furnace.
Now this invention has for object to enable nearly the whole of the active heat of
the gases to be conveyed to the furnace in a very simple manner without dispensing
There are furnaces
with the advantageous and circuitous travelling of the gas and air.
in which the air is caused to circulate and in which the gases are conveyed from a
fixed generator directly and hence constantly from the same side to the hearth of the
furnace. But although these furnaces answer the purpose in many cases the arrange-
ment becomes impracticable as soon as circumstances do not permit of turning,
moving or displacing the furnace proper, or in other words of changing the position
of the fire bridge and of the flue or uptake. Furthermore it is inapplicable when
it is required for some purpose that the gases should enter successively at different parts
of the furnace.

page_text: According to this invention, however, there are employed generators capable of
movement or rotation and of serving at the same time as distributing apparatus for
streams or currents of hot gas. The outlet opening of these generators may be con-
nected according to requirements with either one or the other of the gas channels.
Several such generators may be united in groups in such a manner that the gases are
drawn from all the generators of the group and alternatively from the one and
another.
To connect the generators to the channels they have a conical form throughout, as
at the upper end in which a conical seat corresponds with the gas channels. The
generators rest upon the piston of cylinder containing water under pressure or
some other motive fluid.
According to one arrangement the outlet opening is connected alternatively with
two channels. This is effected by slightly raising the whole generator by means of a
hydraulic ram beneath it so that the conical portion is slightly lifted out of the
conical ring or seat in which the channels are situated. Then the generator is partly
rotated by levers and dropped again into its seat.
It is not necessary that the conical form of the generator should extend further
than the wall seat or ring surrounding it.
Further, there can be used instead of the conical enclosing surface, a plane one
which however does not form such a safe closure.
Again the conical part can be arranged in a reverse manner so that the generator
must be lowered before it is turned. In this case it is advantageous to so balance or
counterpoise the weight of the generator by means of a counterweight that a slight
over pressure will bring it in close proximity to the surrounding seat.
According to a modification the upper part of the shaft of the generator only may
be moveable and in such case it is only the upper part that is raised and turned, such
part being made in the form of a plug. The opening for feeding the fuel may be
arranged at the top or at the side.
When a generator according to this invention is used in conjunction with an
annular furnace it has several radial passages in the ring surrounding it.
When two
or more generators are employed in groups it is convenient to arrange them so that
their weights counterbalance each other. Such groups are particularly serviceable
when the fuel is of poor quality and they can also be used for the partial production
of water gas. The cleaning of the generator and distributing apparatus is dispensed
with according to this invention and it is possible and advantageous to place the
generator in proximity to the furnace and hence to economise the active heat of the
gases and the first cost of the plant.
Dated this 18th day of July 1888.
ALBERT SAILLER,
Per L. W.

page_text: Application to the eating of
I, ALBERT SAILLER, of Witkowitz, in the Province of Moravia, Austrian Empire,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
Gas generators or producers, in general, and more especially when used for
metallurgical purposes, are employed in connection with furnaces to which heated air
is supplied for combustion.
The heating of the air used for combustion is effected in most cases in regenerators,
which have previously taken up a portion of the heat of the gaseous products of com-
bustion issuing from the furnace.
In most cases likewise the temperature of the gases supplied to the furnace has to
be increased, since they have lost the greater part of their active heat, in consequence
of their having travelled through long conduits or passages, insufficiently protected
from cooling influences. Of late, more attention has been bestowed upon the
prevention of this unnecessary loss of heat, and in certain cases the heating
of the gases has been entirely dispensed with, owing to the employment of
suitable arrangements, by means of which a large portion of the active heat,
with which the gases leave the generator is now retained, until the gases enter the
furnace.
The novel arrangement, which forms the subject of this invention, affords the
possibility, in a most simple manner, of conveying to the furnace nearly the whole
of the active heat of the gases, without renouncing the advantage of causing the gas
and the air alternately to flow through different regenerators and passages. There
are furnaces, in which the direction of the current of air is changed from time to
time, while the gases flow from a fixed generator directly, and hence constantly from
the same side, to the hearth of the furnace. This arrangement is quite suitable in
many cases, as it utilizes the full beat of the gas but it becomes impracticable as soon
as circumstances do not permit of periodically turning, moving or displacing the
furnace, or of interchanging in any other manner the positions of the fire
bridge and the flue. Furthermore it is inapplicable when it is required for
some purpose that the gases should enter successively at different parts of the
furnace.
According to this invention, the advantage of utilizing the full heat is realised,
while all the other requirements are met in the same time, by the arrangement
hereinafter described, which consists in adapting the gas generator itself or a part of
the same, for service as a distributing apparatus for streams or circuits of hot gas.
Figs. 1 & 2 of the annexed drawings show such an apparatus in a plain typical

page_text: form, which may be varied in many ways, as illustrated by the Figs. 4 to 7. In all
cases it depends on the nature of the fuel and on the judgment of the engineer,
whether the generator shall be worked with natural draught or with the aid of a blast,
whether it shall be provided with a grate or not, which feeding device and which
lifting and turning mechanism shall be used.
The figs. 1 & 2 are sectional elevations, taken at right angles to each other, and the
Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on line xx Fig. 1, of a gonerator a designed to be
worked with a blast, and provided with a tap hole for liquid slags, the outlet aperture d
of this generator being alternately connected to either of two diametrically opposed
passages c and c¹. Every time the position of the generator is to be reversed, the
same is slightly lifted by means of a hydraulic ram, in order to remove the friction
between the sides of the generator and the case or seat b and afterward the generator
is turned 180° round its axis, which can be readily done by workmen, acting on
the levers e; as soon as the outlet opening d of the generator has arrived
in front of the mouth of the other passage, the generator is allowed to sink
down again.
Generally speaking, it is not new to adapt a conical body of refractory material,
faced with iron to be lifted and to turn in a corresponding seat, but in the Figs. 1 & 2
a body arranged in this manner is shown adapted for use as a gas generator, which,
as its position can be altered, fulfils at the same time the office of a distributing
apparatus. Instead of working the generator by means of a blast and providing
the same with a tap-hole, it may be worked by means of natural draught and be
provided with a grate, as illustrated by Figs. 5 & 6. Furthermore, it is not necessary
that the conical shape of the generator should extend farther downward than the
seat of brickwork (see Fig. 4).
Instead of conical meeting faces, plane ones may be arranged, as shown in
Figs. 5 & 6; however conical faces afford a tighter joint. In generators with plane
meeting faces, which are a modification of the typical form shown by Figs. 1 & 2 the
shaft a of the generator is enabled to be turned by slightly separating the meeting
faces, which form a tight joint. On the other hand, the conical portion can have an
inverse position, as shown in Fig. 8 in which case it is advisable so to balance the
weight of the generator by counter-weights, as to press it on to its seat with a slight
surplus pressure.
In another modification, shown by Fig. 7, the shaft a of the generator is a fixture
and is made in one piece with the seat 6 and only the uppermost portion of of the
generator, wherein the passage d is formed, is adapted to be turned. In this case too
the passages c and c¹ are formed in the annular portion b.
The openings, through which the fuel is supplied, may likewise be arranged,
according to convenience, either laterally or at the top of the generator.
In certain cases, the arrangements shown by Figs. 4, 8 and 9 will be of
particular advantage. Fig. 4 shows how from a centrally arranged generator,
the gas can be alternately conveyed, through any number of radial passages, to
different points. Such a generator may be combined to great advantage with
annular kilns.
The Figs. 8 & 9 illustrate, how two or more generators can be united into groups,
in which case the generators may be so arranged by pairs, that in each pair the weight
of one generator counter-balances that of the other; an arrangement for this purpose
is. shown in the drawings.
Such groups are particularly serviceable, when the fuel is of poor quality, and when
it is not possible to gasify in one and the same generator the necessary quantity of the
same; moreover, such groups of generators can also be used for the partial production
of water gas.
As, according to this invention, the generator and the distributing apparatus
are so combined as to form only one whole or body, the gas conduit from
the generator to the distributing apparatus is dispensed with, and possibility
is afforded for arranging the rotary generator in close proximity of the furnace,
thereby avoiding losses of active heat of the gases, and saving costs.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed declare that what 1
claim is
1st. A Gas generator capable of rotation and also adapted to perform the office
of a distributing apparatus for the current of fuel gas, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
2nd. A Group of gas generators capable of rotation and so arranged as to admit
of the gas of all generators being caused to flow through either generator
of the group to the object to be heated, substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
3rd. A gas generator capable of rotation and having a conical top portion, which
is surrounded by a conical seat with distributing passages, the said generator being
supported by a hydraulic ram or equivalent device, substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
4th. In groups of gas generators capable of rotation pairs of generators counter-
balancing each other, and tapering in reverse directions, substantially as and for the
purpose described.
Dated this 16th day of April 1889.
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.