Improvements in and connected with Rasps and Files.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Jan., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 10th Oct., 1891-Accepied, 21st Nov., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Rasps and Files.
I, JOHN MALIN EDELSTEN of the Mersey Works Warrington in the County of
Lancaster, File Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention relates to files and rasps which are constructed or provided with
tangs or equivalent prolonged parts by means of which they may be secured in
suitable handles, and these improvements consist in the construction and arrangement
as hereinafter described of the handles for or upon such implements.
In proceeding according to this invention, I construct the handles from a suitable
fibrous or textile material such as paper or from paper pulp wood pulp or other
pulp from which paper is or may be made or from cloth.
As illustrative of the manner in which my invention may be carried into effect I
will describe the most available methods at present known to me. If paper is to
be employed, it is first cut into strips having a width equal to the length of the
proposed handle. These strips are then pasted and they may either be rolled
around the tang or equivalent prolonged part of the article to be handled, or each
strip may simply be rolled into a cylinder into one end of which the tang or
prolonged part of the article may be driven or inserted. The handle thus roughly
made may be compressed within a mould or between dies and be otherwise finished
in any suitable manner.
If pulp is to be used in the construction of the handles I may compress the pulp
in moulds or between dies to the desired form and afterwards insert the tangs
therein or I may insert the tangs into the moulds or between the dies and thus
compress the handles around the tangs.
The material of which the handle is formed may be rendered water-proof or
impermeable by treatment with cupro-ammonium, or by means of an insoluble soap
or by other suitable means.
When the handle is to be formed around the tang or prolonged part, I prefer to
make the said part parallel or nearly so; and I may cause it to project slightly
beyond the end of the handle where it may be riveted or battered.
Dated this 0th dow of January AD. 1891.
WILLIAM E. HEYS.
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Rasps and Files.
I, JOHN MALIN EDELSTEN of the Mersey Works Warrington in the County of
Lancaster, File Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to files and rasps which are constructed or provided with
tangs or equivalent prolonged parts by means of which they may be secured in suit-
able handles, and these improvements consist in the construction and arrangement
as hereinafter described of handles for such implements.
In proceeding according to these improvements, I preferably construct the
handles from paper, but I may also construct them from other suitable fibrous or
textile material such as wood-pulp, paper-pulp, or cloth.
If paper be employed, I may take ordinary brown paper and cut it into strips
each of which has a width about equal to the length of the proposed handle. These
strips are then pasted and they may either be rolled around the tang or other

page_text: equivalent prolonged part of the implements, or each strip may simply be rolled
into a cylindrical form into one end of which the tang or prolonged part may be
driven or inserted. The handle thus roughly formed may be compressed within a
mould, whilst still damp, or between dies, and may when dry be cut, filed, sand-
papered and varnished or be otherwise finished as may be desired.
If wood-pulp or paper pulp is to be used in the construction of the handles, I
may compress the damp pulp in moulds or dies constructed so as to produce the
desired form and I may insert the tangs therein afterwards, or I may arrange to
insert the tangs into the moulds or dies and compress the pulp around them. As
by proceeding in the manner last described, that is to say, by compressing the
pulp around the tangs, I cause the handle to fit more closely and securely upon the
tang, I prefer in all cases when using pulp, to adopt this method of procedure.
When using cloth, which however is in most cases dearer than paper, and very
little superior in any respect for the purposes of this invention, I may proceed as
already herein before described for paper.
Instead of using paste for joining the various layers of paper which constitute
the handle as first herein described, I may use a thin solution of glue or albumen
or other suitable cementitious matter.
The material of which the handle is constructed may in either case be rendered
waterproof or impermeable, by treatment with cupro-ammonium, by means of an
insoluble soap, or, when albumen is used for pasting up, by subsequently coagulating
the albumen by heat or a solution of a metallic salt, or the finished handle may be
varnished. Indiarubber and analogous compounds are not suitable for the purpose
because they are generally too dear, and because further, they would become
decomposed under the ordinary conditions of use.
The accompanying drawings are intended to illustrate in what manner I prefer
to carry my invention into practical effect.
Figures 1 and 2 represent in plan, alternative forms of the tang or projection
which I prefer to employ; of these, that shewn in Figure 2, which is dovetailed in
plan, gives the better results.
Figure 3 represents in plan, and Figure 4 in side view, a part of a file having the
handle fitted thereon.
In each of the figures, A is the file, rasp or similar instrument, of which the
greater portion is indicated as having been broken off; B is the tang or projection;
and C is the handle.
The handle is shewn as being flattened, and this is the form I prefer to adopt
because such handles pack more closely, and are in most cases more convenient to
use than round handles.
After the handle has been formed as hereinbefore described, it may be rounded
at D by means of a knife or rasp (if it has not already been rounded in the process
of manufacture) to give it a better finish, and for the same reason a strip of coloured
paper, imitating a ferrule, may be pasted around the upper part of the handle at E.
The tang or projection may be made smaller in cross section than indicated in
the drawings, and of such a length as to extend through the handle and project
slightly beyond the end D. The projecting end may then be battered or headed
over a small washer placed around the projecting part of the tang.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,―
Handles for files and rasps, constructed and fitted upon the tangs of the implements,
substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 0th J
A T 1001
WILLIAM E. HEYS,
A cont for the Annlinant