IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE AXLE CLIPS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Wearing, of Carter's Green Foundry, West
Bromwich, in the County of Stafford, Manufacturer, for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE AXLE CLIPS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Wearing at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th October 1881.
GEORGE WEARING, of Carter's Green Foundry, West Bromwich, in the County
of Stafford, Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE AXLE CLIPS."
My improvements have for their object to effectually secure the carriage axle in
the clip in the proper position, and to prevent the sliding of the axle in its clips,
which commonly occurs with clips of the ordinary kind.
In carriage axle clips of the ordinary kind the clip surrounds the square part of
the axle on three sides, the upper side of the clip being flush with the upper side
of the axle. A packing of wood between the upper side of the axle and clip and
the under side of the spring fixes the axle in its place in the clip for a time, but
after little use the packing becomes loose and the axle is liable to slip in
the clip.
In making carriage axle clips, according to my Invention, I make the clip
somewhat deeper than the axle, so that when the axle is inserted in the clip its
upper face is at a lower level than the upper side of the clip. Recesses are made
on the upper face of the clip of a depth equal to the difference between the level
of the clip and axle. A packing plate of metal equal in thickness to the difference
between the levels of the clip and axle drops into the recesses in the clip. The
upper face of this plate is flush with the upper face of the clip, and the packing of
wood is placed upon the combined clip and plate. The underside of the said plate
carries one or more projections which fit in corresponding recesses made in the
axle, or in the axle and clip, and prevent any lateral motion of the axle in the clip.
The said packing plate has ears on its opposite edges, between which ears the
packing of wood is situated, and prevented from moving laterally. When the
clip is secured to the spring in the usual way the axle is so engaged with the clip
by means of the packing plate that the axle cannot slide in the clip.
The packing plate may be fixed to the packing block of wood by means of
screws, in which case the ears on the edges of the packing plate may be dispensed
with.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said George Wearing in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
6th April 1882.
GEORGE WEARING, of Carter's Green Foundry, West Bromwich, in the County
of Stafford, Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE AXLE CLIPS."
My improvements have for their object to effectually secure the carriage axle in
the clip in the proper position, and to prevent the sliding of the axle in its clip,
which commonly occurs with clips of the ordinary kind.
In carriage axle clips of the ordinary kind the clip surrounds the square part of
the axle on three sides, the upper side of the clip being flush with the upper side of
the axle. A packing of wood between the upper side of the axle and clip and the
underside of the spring fixes the axle in its place in the clip for a time, but
after little use the packing becomes loose and the axle is liable to slip in
the clip.
In making carriage axle clips, according to my Invention, I make the clip some-
what deeper than the axle, so that when the axle is inserted in the clip its upper
face is at a lower level than the upper side of the clip. Recesses are made on the
upper face of the clip of a depth equal to the difference between the level of the
clip and axle. A packing plate of metal, equal in thickness to the difference
between the levels of the clip and axle, drops into the recesses in the clip. The
upper face of this plate is flush with the upper face of the clip, and the packing of
wood is placed upon the combined clip and plate. The under-side of the said plate
carries one or more projections or pegs which fit in corresponding holes or recesses
made in the axle, or in the axle and clip, and prevent any lateral motion of the
axle in the clip. The said packing plate has ears on its opposite edges, between
which ears the packing of wood is situated and prevented from moving laterally.
When the clip is secured to the spring in the usual way the axle is so engaged
with the clip by means of the packing plate that the axle cannot slide in
the clip.
The packing plate may be fixed to the packing block of wood by means of
screws, in which case the ears on the edges of the packing plate may be dispensed
with.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawing the
manner in which my Invention is to be performed,―
Figure 1 represents in side elevation a carriage axle clip and its packing plate
constructed according to my Invention; Figures 2 and 3 are sections of the same
taken at right angles to one another; Figure 4 is a plan of the axle and clip, and
packing plate, partly in horizontal section, the wooden packing block and spring
being omitted; Figure 5 is a plan of the axle separately, and Figure 6 is a cross
section of the same taken on the dotted line, Figure 5; Figure 7 represents a
section, and Figure 8 a plan of the clip separately, and Figure 9 represents a plan
and side elevation of the packing plate separately.
The same letters indicate the same parts in the several Figures of the
Drawing.
a is the carriage axle; b, the axle clip; c, the wooden packing block, on which

page_text: the spring d is supported, and e, e, are the bolts by which the spring is connected
to the clip. The axle clip b is made deeper than the axle a, which fits in it,
recesses at 63, 63, being made on the upper face of the clip of a depth equal to the
difference between the levels of the clip and axle, as represented in the Drawing.
On each side of the axle clip b a semi-conical depression f. f, is made, the
said depressions not being opposite one another; and in the opposite sides of the
axle a, and in the same relative positions as the depressions f, f, in the axle clip b
other semi-conical depressions f, fs, are made, so that when the clip b is fitted in
its proper place on the axle a the semi-conical depressions f. f, and f³, ƒ³, are brought
opposite one another, and conical holes are thereby formed between the clip and
axle (see Figures 2 and 4). In the recesses b³, b*, in the clip b the metal packing
plate g (shown separately in Figure 9) is placed, the upper face of the plate g being
flush with the upper face of the clip b and with the packing block of wood c. On
the underside of the packing plate g are two projections or conical pegs h, h, which
fit in the corresponding conical holes or depressions f, ƒ³, ƒ ƒ³, inade partly in the
axle and partly in the clip (see Figure 4). By the engaging of the pegs or pro-
jections h, h, with the holes at f, f³, f, ƒ³, in the clip and axle lateral motion of the
axle in the clip is prevented. Or holes may be made in the axle alone for receiving
the pegs or projections h, h, on the packing plate g. On the upper face of the
packing plate g, and on its opposite edges are ears i, i, between which the packing
block of wood c is situated, and is thereby prevented from moving laterally (see
Figure 3). The packing plate g may be secured to the under face of the packing
block of wood c by screws, as shown at k, k, Figure 2, but the said screws may be
omitted for general use, as the position of the packing block is effectually preserved
by the side ears i, i, between which it is situated.
In arranging the parts in the clip the clip b is first fitted upon the axle a, so
that the semi-conical depressions f, f, in it come opposite the semi-conical
depressions f, f³, in the axle a; the packing plate is then fitted in the
recesses 62, 62, in the upper face of the clip b, its pegs h, h, taking into the conical
holes ffff, in the axle and clip. The packing block of wood c is next placed
upon the combined plate and clip (when the block is not secured to the plate)
the said block being placed between the ears i, i, on the plate, and the spring d is
finally arranged on the upper face of the packing block of wood c.
The spring d is now secured to the clip b by the U bolts e, e, in the usual way,
the arms of the said bolts passing through the butterfly flaps 1, 1, at the ends of
the clip.
By constructing the axle clip and parts connected with it in the manner
described and illustrated the axle a is so engaged with the clip by means of the
packing plate g that the proper position of the clip on the axle is effectually secured,
and the said axle cannot slide upon the clip.
Instead of fixing the spring to the clip by means of the butterfly flaps at 1, 1,
as represented in the Drawing, the said spring may be fixed to the clip in any of
the other ways commonly practised. For example, the butterfly flaps 1, l, may be
omitted, and the bolts be secured to cross bars or pieces placed on the underside
of the flange parts of the clip.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which
the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I claim as my
Invention, the improvements in carriage axle clips, herein before described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, that is to say, securing the proper
position of the clip on the axle, and preventing the axle sliding in the clip by
making the clip somewhat deeper than the axle, and providing the upper face of
the clip with recesses for receiving a packing plate of metal constructed substantially
as described and illustrated, upon which packing plate the packing block of wood
for supporting the spring is fitted, the said packing plate being engaged with the

page_text: axle or with the axle and clip, for the purpose and substantially as described and
illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Wearing, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty ninth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
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