Improvements in Machinery for Drilling, Boring, and Cutting Coal, Stone, Rock, and other Hard Substances.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Dec., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 30th Oct., 1890-Accepted, 6th Dec., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Drilling, Boring, and Cutting Coal,
Stone, Rock, and other Hard Substances.
WILLIAM PATTERSON of 14 Lawson Street Newcastle-upon-Tyne Mechanical
Engineer and JOHN GEORGE PATTERSON of the same address, Mechanical Engineer.
We do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to a novel machine or apparatus specially designed for
the cutting of stone coal or other hard substances. We have a strong frame made of
wood, metal, or other suitable material in this frame we place one or more round
shafts or spindles with a peculiar made cutter or knife at one end. This shaft and
cutter or shafts and cutters are made to revolve and whilst in motion can be made to
cut the coal in any direction, the shafts or spindles are so placed that they follow each
other at given distances each taking a separate and distinct cut or making a separate
hole either vertically or longitudinally, the machine is self-acting or otherwise as to
its feeding and can be driven by manual or other motive power, viz. steam, electricity,
compressed air &c.
The cutters we prefer to use have either one two three or more cutting edges or
sides so as to cut either vertically or longitudinally and are so made that there is
enough space between the cutting edges that the rock, coal or other substance that
is being worked can get away from this tool or cutter, the end of this cutter is also
made like the edge of it so that when pressure from behind is applied it acts as a
boring machine. Below we give a description of this tool or cutter
It is made of
steel or other suitable material and the cutting edges are made by the back part of the
tool been cut or ground off so as to leave the cutting edge We do not confine our-
selves to any particular angle as different substances to be cut requires the tool or
cutter to be made to suit it.
Dated this 28th day of December 1889,
WILLIAM PATTERSON.
JOHN GEORGE PATTERSON.
.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Drilling, Boring, and Cutting Coal,
Stone, Rock, and other Hard Substances.
We, WILLIAM PATTERSON and JOHN GEORGE PATTERSON, Mechanical Engineers
both of 14 Lawson Street in the City and County of Newcastle-on-Tyne, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Our invention relates to improvements in machinery for drilling boring and
cutting coal stone rock and other hard substances and consists in a novel arrangement
or combination of parts to effect the several functions of the machine as well as in a
novel form or design of tool or cutter.
We will describe our invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in
which
Fig. 1 shows a general elevation and Fig. 2 a plan of the machine.
show a side view and plan of our improved cutting tool, Figs. 5, 6
anlerand coations of some on lines X X YYZZ.
Figs. 3 and 4
and 7 being

page_text: Throughout this description like letters of reference designate like parts.
Referring to the figs. it will be seen that the machine is shown arranged to be
driven by steam or compressed air, though the latter or electricity is preferable for
underground operations.
a is a motor cylinder fixed to frame b, driving the crank shaft c in any suitable
manuer. From this shaft the various motions for driving the tools and gear are
taken. d is a revolving coal cutting tool (see Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7) arranged to
revolve through the medium of belt d' driving from flywheel d² onto pulley d³. The
axle of pulley d³ is borne by two carriers d' arranged or constructed in one piece with
the lug or projection d' through which the screw de actuated either by handwheel d
or if desired by the machine works. The turning of d causes the carriers aforesaid
to travel up or down the stand bar d8 and thus permit the cutter d to travel and work
in a vertical plane. The carriers are shown provided with lugs dovetailing onto the
standard which may be attached to the engine or frame as found suitable. As the
carriers travel up and down, the distance between the centre of the cutter shaft and
the main driving pulley varies and to counteract the sagging of the driving belt d¹
due to this action, we provide the vertical guide bars attached to engine frame up
and down which the weighted pulley f¹ slides. The friction of the belt by the
weight is thus maintained on the peripheries of pulleys d² d³. e is likewise a
revolving coal cutting tool (see Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7) driven by spur e¹ and pinion e².
A feed motion may be attached to this cutter by connecting its shaft (see Fig. 1) by
means of a short link or bar e with the screw shaft e" working in bearings e. By
turning the handwheel e' the screw is traversed and the traversing motion is trans-
ferred to the cutter shaft thus supplying the end pressure requisite for boring or
drilling holes in coal, rock or stone.
9, 9, 92, 9 are respectively the handle, spindle, worm and spur wheel of gear for
traversing the machine bodily. The machine and frame are mounted on wheels 9" to
run on tram rails 9. Along the side of the track a rack rail g' is provided into
which the teeth of the spur 98 gear. The turning of the handle g thus causes the
whole machine to move backwards or forwards. The traversing may if desired be
effected by power by coupling or connecting a belt from the driving shaft with the
shaft on which the traversing spur is mounted.
Referring to Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 it will be seen that the cutting tool consists
essentially of a steel bar with a series of interrupted cutting surfaces and clearance
spaces on either side thereof. m are the cutting edges or surfaces or teeth and m¹ the
clearance spaces. As the tool revolves as hereinabove explained the points of the
cutting surfaces cut the substance being worked and the portion cut out by each tooth
of the cutter escapes through the clearance spaces specially arranged for the purpose
opposite each and every cutting tooth. The cutting surfaces may be formed as shown
in the drawings. The recesses m² formed along the faces of the tool give the latter.a
more effective bite on the substance being cut.
The end of the tool is similarly formed as shown in Figs. 3 and 4 so that the tool
can be used both as a cutting and a drilling or boring tool.
The machine can thus be revolving its cutters and traversing the rack rail simul-
taneously for horizontal cutting or otherwise it can at the same time make a vertical
cut and drill or bore a hole.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A tool for cutting or boring coal stone or other hard substance consisting
essentially of a bar having an interrupted series of cutting edges or surfaces or
teeth thereon and clearance spaces arranged so that a clearance space may be
opposite a cutting surface substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
described and illustrated with reference to Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 of the accompanying
drawings.

page_text: 2. A frame having a power motor and driving spindles or shafts thereon whereby
the cutting tool or tools hereinabove described and claimed may be made to revolve
and cut the coal or other hard substance horizontally or vertically substantially as
herein set forth.
Dated this 29th day of October 1890.
A. CRAWHALL CHAPMAN,
3, St. Nicholas' Buildings, Newcastle-on-Tyne, Patent Agent for Applicants.