Improvements in the Manufacture of Double Pile Fabrics.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Nov., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 29th July, 1890-Accepted, 20th Sept., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Double Pile Fabrics.
I, JOSÉ REIXACH of Manninghain Mills, Bradford in the County of York, Manager,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the manufacture of fabrics which are woven face to face and
in which the pile is tied with one pick only and has for its object to more effectually
hold the pile into the fabric.
I do this by means of an extra or additional warp which wherever the pile warp is tied
in is made to float on the back of the fabric and ride over the back of the pile warp
and so to cover or fix the back of the pile threads and protect them from being rubbed
off or pushed through the face.
Velvets now are generally made with the pile tied with one pick only, thus saving
about the same length of thread as the single fabric on account of not having to go
round three or four picks as it used to do in the old fast pile fabrics.
When a strong fibre is used like mohair, wool &c. for the pile warp and if pressure is
put on the face of the said fabric or pile, the thread slides through the cloth and forms
a loop on the back and in wear comes out which is fatal to the said fabric.
By means of this invention 1 prevent the said pile from forming the loop or coming
out on the back.
With the pile being tied by one pick only a finer faced cloth is obtained and by the
extra or additional floating warp the fabric is made as marketable and durable as the
old fast pile.
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The diagram annexed shews the back of a fabric which has additional warp floated
over the backs of the pile loops in the above manner and which in other respects is
woven as described in the Specification of a former Patent granted to me and another
No. 18794 in the year 1888.
Dated this 4th-day of. Noyember 1859.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Double Pile Fabrics.
J, JOSE REIXACH, of Manningham Mills, Bradford; in the County of York, Manager,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to the manufacture of fabrics. which are woven face to face
and in which the pile is tied with one pick only and has for its object to more
effectually hold the pile into the fabric.
Velvets now are generally made with the pile tied with one pick only because in
this way much less pile warp is used than when the pile warp has to go round three
or four picks as it used to do in the old fast pile fabrics whilst at the same time a finer
faced cloth is obtained.
When a stiff fibre like mohair wool &c. is used for the pile warp if pressure is put
on the face of the pile the loops of pile thread are pressed through the cloth and
form loops on the back and these when subjected to wear get gradually drawn out
entirely from the cloth and the fabric is spoilt.
By this invention I prevent the pile from being so pressed back and drawn out
and thereby not only obtain the advantages derived from tying in the pile by
one pick only but also make such fabrics as marketable and durable as the old
fast pile.

page_text: I do this by means of extra or additional warps in each ground or cloth of the
double fabric one for each pile warp used and which wherever a pile warp is tied in
is made to float on the back of the cloth and ride over the back of the pile warp
and so to cover or fix the back of the pile threads and prevent them from being
rubbed at the back and drawn out backwards or from being pushed back by pressure
applied to the face of the pile.
In place of one floating warp only being used for each pile warp a greater number
might be used.
In the drawings annexed I have shewn my invention applied to a double pile
fabric woven as described in the Specification of a Patent granted to me and another
No. 18794 in the year 1888. In this fabric each loop of pile warp where it is held
into one or other of the cloths by a single pick of weft is held between two ground
warps above the weft and also between two ground warps below the weft so that the
ends of the loop of pile are held erect.
The diagram Figure 1 shews the back of one of the cloths of a double pile
fabric made as heretofore and as is described in the Specification No. 18794 of the
year 1888.
The diagram Figure 2 shews the back of one of the cloths of a double pile fabric
formed in the manner above described.
Figure 3 is a diagram view in cross section of a double fabric woven as shewn by
the diagram Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a cross section on an enlarged scale of one portion of the pile fabric
woven as shewn by the diagram Figure 1 and
Figure 5 a similar cross section of a portion of the pile fabric woven as shewn by
the diagram Figure 2.
are the pile warps b the ground warps c the weft threads and d in Figures 2, 3
and 5 are the additional warps which are made to float over the backs of the pile
loops.
Thus it will be seen that in addition to using two sets of ground warps for holding
the wefts and to tying in the pile warps by a single pick only I use other additional
warps which are made to float over the backs of the pile warps where they are tied
into the cloths and so prevent the pile loops from working out of the cloth.
As will be seen these additional warps float at the back over three wefts, viz. :—the
weft which ties the pile and the two wefts which come before and after this weft.
Additional warps so made to float over the backs of the pile warps where they are
tied into the cloths of double pile fabrics may not only be applied to fabrics formed as
shewn by the diagrams Figures 1 and 4 but also to fabrics formed as described in the
Specification of the Patent No. 3327 of 1878 and to other double pile fabrics in which
the pile warps are held by a single pick of weft only.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-1
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. A double pile fabric each cloth of which has its wefts held between two sets
of ground warps and the pile warps tied into the ground by a single pick of weft
only and in which in addition the backs of the pile warps are covered by a warp or
warps floated over them substantially as described.
2. A double pile fabric in each of the two cloths of which not only are the loops
of pile tied into the ground by a single pick of weft but in which they are also held
between two ground warps which pass above the weft and two other ground warps
which pass below the weft and in which in addition the backs of the pile loops are
covered by a warp or warps floated over them substantially as described with
reference to Figures 2, 3 and 5.