IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR GENE- RATING MOTIVE POWER, AND ALSO TO ECONOMISE OR INCREASE THE WORKING OF MOTIVE POWER ENGINES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT, to James Graddon, of Barnes, in the County of Surrey, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR GENE-
RATING MOTIVE POWER, AND ALSO TO ECONOMISE OR INCREASE THE WORKING
OF MOTIVE POWER ENGINES."
Sealed the 23rd September 1879, and dated the 24th March 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Graddon at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th March 1879.
JAMES GRADDON, of Barnes, in the County of Surrey. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING MOTIVE POWER,, AND ALSO TO.
ECONOMISE OR INCREASE THE WORKING OF MOTIVE POWER ENGINES."
The object of my Invention is to economize the cost of working steam engines
or engines which are caused to give motive power by the use of gas, hot air, or
other means, and I propose effecting my object by placeing a wheel or wheels of
any kind on the crank or driveing shaft of any motive power engine, which I
thereby increase in power of rotation of the shaft or shafts from which motive
power is obtained, and I propose supplying the increase of power by placing such
small wheels or wheel which can be acted on by belts, chains, or otherwise caused
to revolve, by a large wheel or wheels placed so as to act on the small one; and I
propose forceing round the large wheel or wheels by means of a bydraulic lift or lifts
capable of raiseing or forcing fifty tons or more or less by means of small quanties of
liquid of any discreption being forced into the hydraulic cylinder or cylinders by
means of small pumps or pump which are acted on by eccentricts or cranks or other
means connected with the crank shaft of any motive power engine, from which a
small power is taken to work the small pump or pumps employed to give the great
power by the means of the hydraulic cylinders or cylinder. The movement of the
pistons or piston connected therewith will be slow in motion, and the large wheel
or wheels are employed to act on the small one or more for a purpose of gaining
speed, and must thereby loose some small portion of the great power of the
hydraulic cylinder or cylinders, and after the small amount of power is also taken
to work the small pumps or pump all the spare power is employed for motion or
motive power purposes or assist therein, and a great economy of power can be
effected. And for the object of gaining more power I propose connecting the small
Prins d

page_text: pumps or pump with a lever or levers which I connect with a crank or cranks or
otherwise. I also propose working the levers or lever with a slide composed of
metal and fixed to the outside rim of the fly wheels or wheel by means of a joint
so as the fly wheels or wheel can revolve and carry round the slide or block
composed of metal, and one slide or block or blocks is arranged so as the levers
or lever may be worked at one end at a distance equal to the diameter of the
fly wheels or wheel or cranks or crank employed to give motion to the levers
or lever. I also propose allowing the end of the levers to pass through the
block and thereby slide on the long end of the lever, or devide the lever so as
the block may slide therein. I also propose constructing the pumps with a
suction and delivery valve at both ends of the pump; and I also propose
employing the same means in connection with a receiver or receivers containing
water or other fluid under compressed air or other elastic fluid. And I propose
forceing back the water or other liquids by means of the levers or lever and pumps,
as before described; and this I propose doing after the liquid or other matter has
been forced into a cylinder or other means employed to give motion to a shaft and
a fly wheel or wheels connected therewith. And I also propose applying the small
and large wheels and hydraulic cylinder or cylinders for the purpose of assisting to
give motive power. And I propose working the small pump or pumps by means of
eccentricts or cranks connected with the shaft or shafts, or by the means of the
levers or lever worked by the fly wheel or wheels. I propose allowing the
piston or pistons which are connected with the hydraulic cylinder or cylinders to
act on the wheel or wheels by means of a balancing rod of metal for the purpose
of allowing the hydraulics to act on the shaft alternately. And I also propose
employing rods or levers with a stop or catch of metal, or constructed as to act on
the shaft of the engine by means of the wheels or wheel at the time the hydraulic
power is caused to act, and when it is not allowed to act the motive power engine
of any discreption can act without the aid of the hydraulic power.
I also propose
placeing the stop or ketch of metal at the end or by the side of the piston or
pistons to allow them to act on the shaft with or without the levers or balanceing
rod of metal. I also propose allowing the hydraulic power to act by means of
cranks or wheels to form such. I also propose applying the same appliance, as
aforesaid, for the purpose of strengthening the power of water wheels by applying
small pumps & hydraulic lifts thereto.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Graddon in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 24th September
1879.
JAMES GRADDON, of Barnes, in the County of Surrey.
" IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING MOTIVE POWER, AND ALSO TO ECONO-
MISE OR INCREASE THE WORKING OF MOTIVE POWER ENGINES."
.
According to my Invention I arrange one or more receivers into which air or
other elastic fluid is forced by a pump or pumps. Into the same receiver I also
force by distinct pumps a quantity of water, preferably impregnated or saturated
with a chemical capable of producing a gas of an expansive character, said gas
being generated in my apparatus and used alone or in combination with other
motive agency to increase and economise the working of motive power engines
generally. Instead of mixing the saturated water with the air in the receiver, as
above described, the gas alone may be forced into the receiver up to a fixed pressure,
and from this be used with the other agency, said gas, if desired, being rendered
explosive.
My Invention will be understood by the annexed Drawings.
Figure 1 shows my apparatus in elevation. A is the receiver into which air is
forced by the pump B by the pipe C, the pump being worked by the handle D or
by other 'means. On the base plate E I mount a pair of lifters F, F, these being
operated alternately by a distinct pump, the water for which is drawn from a
reservoir or a box G; these lifters are to be used when the power of the receiver is
not sufficient. The lifters are connected by a crosshead H to actuate pauls I, I, to
move the shaft J round the shaft, having a fly and driving wheel K upon it and
having a slow motion to obtain power. The pipe L of the lifters is furnished with
change valves M.
Figure 2 shows an excentric and a disc pin appliance for actuating the air pump.
Figures 3 and 4 are views of appliances by which increase of speed or increase
of power may be gained, according to whether the pinion or smaller wheel is upon
the driver or upon the driven shaft.
Figure 5 is an end view of the lifters.
Figure 6 is an elevation of a double throw pump. The cross head N of the
pump rod has attached to it a link P whose lower end slides in a swivelled socket
arranged upon or near to the periphery of a fly wheel Q, whereby an increase of
leverage on the shaft R is obtained.
Figure 7 shows another way by which increased leverage can be had.
Figure 8 is a view of a turbine for giving motion, the exhaust liquid or fluid
being returned to the receiver by injectors worked by compressed air or a gas
issuing from the receiver.
Figure 9 is a view of a pair of lifters, the pauls operating upon teeth arranged
upon the periphery of a wheel. S, S, are water pumps.
The injectors are shown in Figure 10, a being the pipe by which the water is
supplied, and 6 the pipe by which the air or gas is supplied.
Figures 11 and 12 show arrangements of pumps by which air or water can be
forced into the receiver.
Figure 13 represents in section an ordinary cylinder and valve which can be
used in combination with an injector and the receiver when the pumps are
dispensed with.
Figure 14 shows the bend of a delivery pipe with an injector branch c.
The Drawings on Sheet 2 represent details of hydraulic cylinder pumps, crank
shafts, and other parts of machinery employed for increasing the power of mechanism
generally. The Huid which is forced into the hydraulic cylinder by small pump is
charged with chemicals, so that when admitted it expands and is capable of giving
off extra power which can be utilized to increase as desired.

page_text: Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,--
The apparatus shown in Figure 1 of the annexed Drawings by which a power
can be generated and utilized for increasing the power of other motive power
engines.
་
Secondly. I claim the several details of apparatus shown on Sheets 1 and 2 of
the annexed Drawings for the purpose set forth.
Thirdly. I claim the application of compressed air or gas to return the exhaust
water into the receiver by injectors, as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Graddon, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty fourth day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
ADIDAMI
IES GRADDON. (L.S.)
JAMES