IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTER-PRESSES
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Edward Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for an
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTER-PRESSES." A communication from
abroad by Albert Louis George Dehne, of Halle on the Saal, in the Empire of
Germany.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Henry Edward Newton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd March 1881.
HENRY EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTER PRESSES."
A communication from abroad by Albert Louis George Dehne, of Halle on the Saal,
in the Empire of Germany.
The object of this Invention is to more effectually close or tighten up the filter -
plates and frames of filter presses than heretofore by giving to the filter plates aud
frames after the same have been closed or tightened up as much as possible in the
ordinary way an extra pressure, either by mechanical means or by the pressure of
the fluid being filtered.
In the accompanying Drawings, various means for effecting this object are
shewn; thus in Sheet I., Figure 1 is a side view, and Figure 2 is a plan view of a
mechanical arrangement for attaining the desired result.
A is the ordinary screw spindle working in the female thread of the nut B and
entering at one end into a cavity of the moveable head plate K. The screw
spindle A is turned by a hand wheel C. The nut B is provided with two
horizontal trunnions or pivots a, a, which turn in trunnion bearings b, b.
These bearings are provided with vertical trunnions or privots and are mounted
in the forked arms of two bell-crank levers D, D. By thus arranging the spindle
A and its nut B they may be turned from the horizontal position shewn in Fig. 2.
into the vertical position shewn in dotted line Fig. 1.
The bell crank levers D, D, are hinged to the two side rails or rods which carry
the frames and plates of the press. At the extremity of the long arm of the levers D,
which are forked for the purpose, nuts c, c, threaded in opposite directions are
mounted so as to be able to swing on their vertical axis, as will be readily
5"

page_text: understood on reference to Figures 1 and 2. The spindle E is provided with a
hand wheel E' and having corresponding threads takes into the nuts c, c.
It will thus be seen that by turning the hand wheel E' in the proper direction
the long arms of the levers D, D, .will be drawn together and the nut B with its
screw will be forced bodily forward, thus giving an extra pressure after the screw A
has been tightened up as far as possible by the hand wheel C in the ordinary way.
It will be obvious that the position of the levers D, D, may be altered according
to circumstances. They may be placed for instance at the other end of the press.
In Sheet II., Fig. 3 is a side elevation, and Fig. 4 a plan view of a modification
of the above arrangement. In this instance, a toggle lever device is used for giving
the additional pressure. At the ends of the two side rails or rods T, T, of the filter
press, two bearings A, A, are arranged to support the spindle S, which is formed
with right and left hand threads; at the outer ends of this spindle are keyed hand
wheels d for turning the spindle. Upon the spindle are mounted two nuts a, a,
between which the collar b is placed. This collar b is formed at one side with a
socket into which one end of the screw spindle P enters so as to be capable of
moving endwise and turning therein; on the other side the collar b is provided
with a counterweight C. The pointed end of the screw spindle P enters into a
cavity formed in moveable head plate of the press, and is provided with a hand
wheel by which the screw P is turned. The screw also takes into a threaded
nut M which is connected by toggle levers B, B, to the nuts a, a, on spindle S, the
levers B, B, being hinged at both ends to the parts m, a, a. By thus turning the
screws P in the nut M the first pressure for closing and tightening up the press will
be effected. The first pressure having been given by the spindle P, I add a second
pressure by turning the spindle S by means of the hand wheels d, d, in the due
direction; the nuts a, a, will thereby be drawn together, thus straightening the
rods B, B, and forcing out the nut M, and with it the spindle P, thereby giving
additional pressure to the spindle.
On releasing the pressure either by turning the spindle S in the opposite
direction or by withdrawing the spindle P from the head plate of the press the
pressure device can be turned from the horizontal position shewn in Fig. 4 into the
vertical position shewn in dotted lines in Fig. 3.
In Sheet III. the mode of effecting the extra tightening up of the press by
hydraulic pressure is shewn, the pressure of the fluid or semi-fluid undergoing the
filtering process in the press being used to create such additional pressure.
Fig. 5 is a side view and Fig. 6 a plan view partly in section of one arrangement
for carrying out the object of this Invention.
A is the moveable head plate of the filter press. On the back of this head plate
is formed an annular flange or projection, the outer periphery of which is turned
perfectly true in the lathe. This flange or projection fits into the cap piece B.
Between A and B a leather packing ring a is inserted. The cap B is provided
externally with a transverse rib in which is formed a cavity to receive the end of the
screw spindle P. This spindle P turns in the nut provided for it in the cross head R.
The cap B has two brackets at its side by which it is supported on the side rails
or rods T in the same manner as the frames and plates of the press. b is a channel
formed in all the plates and frames of the press and also in the head plate A. At
the opposite end of the press the fluid or semi-fluid to be filtered enters into this
channel b, filling all the chambers of the press. Now if the press is properly closed
by the screw P and the fluid or semi-fluid is forced into the press, to commence the
filtering operation the fluid will also enter by channel b into the space between the
head plate A and cap piece B, creating there the same pressure as in the filtering
chambers. The area of the cylindrical projection on A and the area of the cap-
piece B being larger than the area in the chambers of the filter press, the pressure
of the fluid between A and B will overcome the pressure in the filter chambers
and will therefore add automatically to the pressure of the spindle P. Thus the
pressure will be communicated to the head-plate A, the cap piece B being held by
the screw P & and forming the abutment.

page_text: Fig. 7 is a side view and Fig. 8 a plan view partly in section of a modification
of the last described arrangement.
The outer surface of the moveable head plate A is provided with a cylindrical
projection in which the differential plunger B slides. The smaller diameter of this
plunger protrudes through the back part of cylinder A, a leather packing ring a
being inserted between A and B to keep them water-tight. The projecting part of
B enters into a second bydraulic cylinder C, in which the head plate A also works,
a leather packing b being inserted between C and A.
A feed channel c communicates with the interior of A and B; the pressure of the
fluid or semi-fluid introduced will act on B, which according to the proportion of
its two diameters will transmit the multiplied pressure to C, and the water or fluid
contained therein will react on or transmit the multiplied pressure to A, and by
this pressure the press will be tightened in addition to the pressure of the screw P,
which screw prevents C from moving, thereby causing A to slide.
The cylinder C rests with its two side brackets upon the side rails or rods T of
the press.
"
Having now described the nature of this Invention for "Improvements in
Filter Presses as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, and explained
the manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that I
claim,―
First. The means, substantially as herein described and shewn with reference to
Sheets I. and II. of the Drawings, for giving an extra pressure on the filter frames
and plates of filter presses for the purpose set forth.
Second. The arrangement of apparatus, substantially as herein described and
shewn with reference to Sheet III. of the Drawings, whereby an extra tightening
up of the filter-frames and plates may be effected by hydraulic pressure as set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Edward Newton; have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Second day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
H. E. NEWTON. (L.S.)