AN IMPROVEMENT IN CARDING ENGINES, AND IN CONDENSERS APPLICABLE THERETO
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Apperly, Cloth Manufacturer, and William
Clissold, Engineer, both of Dudbridge, in the County of Gloucester, for
the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN CARDING ENGINES, AND IN CONDENSERS
APPLICABLE THERETO."
Scaled the 13th November 1857, and dated the 18th May 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Apperly and
William Clissold at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with,
their Petition, on the 18th May 1857.
We, JAMES APPERLY, Cloth Manufacturer, and WILLIAM CLISSOLD, Engineer,
both of Dudbridge, in the County of Gloucester, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN CARDING ENGINES, AND IN CON-
DENSERS APPLICABLE THERETO," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates, firstly, to an improvement in the construction of
the doffing end of carding engines, whereby the accumulation of loose par-
ticles of wool or other fibre upon the doffer, doffing comb, and comb bar is
prevented, and the irregularity in the sliver, which the occasional addition of
these accumulations causes, is avoided. This improvement we effect by placing
between the doffer cylinder and the fly card cylinder, immediately above it, a
small roller, covered or not with card surface, or leather, or other material, the
office of which is to lap up the loose fibres which depend from the upper

page_text: cylinder, and deliver it on to the doffer cylinder. In order effectually to
separate the slivers from each other as they are taken off from the doffer by
the doffer comb, we employ dividing plates which fit the periphery of the doffer
cylinder, between the divisions of the card surface, and stand at right angles
thereto, and thereby keep the slivers distinct and separate.
The Invention relates, secondly, to the condensing of the sliver as it
passes from the carding engine. For this purpose we conduct the slivers
between a pair of rollers fitted with rubbers, and to these rollers we give an
endway as well as a rotary motion, but in opposite directions to each other.
We thus, in passing the slivers through the condenser, are enabled not merely
to give them firmness, but also to put a considerable draft on them as they
leave the doffer.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Apperly and William Clissold in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 18th November 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
APPERLY, Cloth Manufacturer, and WILLIAM CLISSOLD, Engineer, both of
Dudbridge, in the County of Gloucester, send greeting.
.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did,. for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said James Apperly and William Clissold, Her special license that we, the
said James Apperly and William Clissold, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said James Apperly and William Clissold,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no. others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN CARDING ENGINES, AND IN
CONDENSERS APPLICABLE THERETO," upon the condition (amongst others) that we,
the said James Apperly and William Clissold, by an instrument in writing
under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be

page_text: filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Apperly, on behalf of myself and of
the said William Clissold, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being bad to the
Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon
(that is to say)—
This Invention relates to an improvement in the construction of the doffing
end of carding engines, whereby the accumulation of loose particles of wool or
other fibre (termed by the carder "flight") upon the doffer, doffing comb, and
comb bar is prevented, and the irregularities in the sliver, caused by the occa-
sional addition of these accumulations, and also by the irregular division of the
carded fibres as they are being doffed into sliver, is avoided. The means by
which we effect this improvement is shewn in several views in the accompany-
ing Drawing. Fig. 1 being a sectional elevation of so much of a carding
engine as will serve to explain our improvement; Fig. 2, a plan view of the
same; and Fig. 3, a partial end view, shewing the doffing roller and the appli-
ances in connection therewith. a, a, is the main cylinder, covered as usual
with wire cards; b is the doffer cylinder, covered with rings of cards; and c
is the fancy or fly cylinder. Immediately above the doffer cylinder, and
between it and the ordinary fly cylinder, we apply a small roller d, covered
with a card surface, or it may be with leather or other suitable material, the
office of which roller is to lap up the loose fibres which depend from the upper
cylinder c, and deliver it uniformly on to the doffer cylinder. This roller,
which we term the fly carrier, is driven by any convenient arrangement of
driving gear in the direction shewn by the arrow, Fig. 1, and it is thereby
caused to take up the loose fibres as they are presented to it, and transfer
them by a continuous action on to the doffer. No accumulation therefore and
sudden transference of the loose fibres to the doffer can possibly take place,
and thus the inequalities of the sliver hitherto occasioned by this cause will be
effectually removed.
In order to ensure the equable division of the carded fibre into slivers as it
is removed from the doffer cylinder by the doffer comb, we insert in the
annular spaces in the card surface of the doffer cylinder dividing plates e, e.
These plates are strung upon and fixed securely to a horizontal rod f, which
extends across the machine, and is secured to the side frames. The plates are
made of thin metal, and their inner edge is formed of a segmental shape, to
correspond to the periphery of the cylinder b, up to which they are set, but

page_text: so as not to touch the doffer cylinder. By these plates e, e, projecting into the
space formed by the divisions in the card covering of the doffing cylinder, the
slivers, as they are formed by the doffing action of the comb g, are divided and
effectually separated from each other.
Having now set forth the nature of our Invention, and explained the 5
manner of carrying the same into effect, we wish it to be understood that
under the above in part recited Letters Patent we claim, the application to
carding engines of the means above described for insuring greater equality
than heretofore in the sliver obtained from such engines.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Apperly, have hereunto set my 1
hand and seal, the Seventeenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
JAMES APPERLY. (L.S.)