Improvements in Bakers' Ovens.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Sept., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 17th June, 1897-Accepted, 31st July, 1897
Improvements in Bakers' Ovens.
JOHN MELVIN Engineer St. Rollox Iron Works Glasgow Great Britain do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
An improvement in the construction of the furnace of bakers' ovens known as
"Scotch" ovens in which the fire is placed within the baking chamber next to the
front wall, the fuel being fed through the oven door. Hitherto the fire bars for such
ovens have been fixtures & the ashes, clinkers, & other refuse from the fire
taken out by the oven door. In my improved furnace the bars are placed within
a frame (or frame & bars cast in one piece) which frame is hinged at one end
by pivots at both sides, the pivots resting in sockets built into the side walls
of furnace enclosure. When cleaning out the fire the bars are folded downwards
into the ash pit, access being obtained through the ashpit door. The bars are
operated by a lever fixed thereto, which lever passes through ash pit & projecting
out beyond front face of main wall. To keep the bars in position the lever is held
up against the top of iron frame to which the ashpit door is hinged by means of a
stop pin.
Datad this 17th dow of Santambor 1804
Improvements in Bakers' Ovens.
JOHN MELVIN Saint Rollox Iron Works 28 Charles Street Glasgow, Scotland
Eugineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
This invention consists of an improved furnace for bakers' ovens, known as
"Scotch" ovens; in which ovens the fire is placed within the baking ehamber next
to the front wall, no access being obtained to the fire except through the oven door.
Hitherto the fire bars for such ovens have been fixtures, and the ashes, clinkers,
& other refuse from the fire taken out through the oven door, thereby causing
considerable difficulty in keeping the vicinity of oven door clean.
My improved furnace as shewn on accompanying drawings discharges all refuse
&c., from the fire direct into ash pit.
Fig. 1 is front elevation. Fig. 2 section through A, B. Fig. 3 plan. Fig. 4 an
enlarged section through C, D, and Fig. 5 a plan of furnace only,
The same reference numbers denote corresponding parts in the different figures.
The baking chamber 1; the oven door 2; the main flue 3; and the furnace
bars 4; all are situated in the usual way for a "Scotch" oven.

page_text: Instead of said bars being fixed stationary in the usual way, those according to
this invention are pivoted or hinged at 5, and operated by hand lever 6 for lowering
into ashpit opening 7 as indicated by dotted lines on Fig. 4.
Before lowering handle 6, the ashpit door is opened. The frame to which door 8
is hinged has a slot at 9, to receive hand lever, said lever being held up by means
of a stop pin, catch or other equivalent. When lever 6 is within the slot 9, ashpit
door 8 is free to open.
The improved furnace operates as follows:-When ashes clinkers &c. have to
be removed from the fire or the fire totally or partially discharged, door 8 is opened,
stop pin or catch at 9 released & lever 6 lowered more or less, the entire fire or
part thereof falling by this means direct into ash pit 7.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. Pivotted or hinged furnace bars for bakers' ovens known as "Scotch" ovens,
and the contents of the fire or part thereof discharged direct into ashpit, substantially
as described.
2. Combination of pivotted or hinged furnace bars 4, lever 6 and slot 9 in frame
of ashpit door, substantially as described.