Improvements in Gas and Coke Producers and in the Apparatus for Collecting the Bye-products therefrom.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 25th June, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Mar., 1889-Accepted, 22nd June, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas and Coke Producers and in the Apparatus for
Collecting the Bye-products therefrom.
I THOMAS NICHOLSON of The Limes, Hucknall, in the county of Nottingham,
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The improvements 1 effect are the giving of greater heat to the contents of the
Producers; the more equal distribution of such heat; a better method of supplying
steam for the extraction of nitrogen from the coke; and an economical method of
securing the tar, ammonia and benzol, and of cleansing the gas from sulphur and
other deleterious matters.
The greater heat is obtained by an air blast supplied to the Producer's furnace and
by causing the heat to pass directly through the Producers from bottom and side flues;
and the more equal distribution of the heat I obtain by a small heat chamber above
the furnace. The improvement in extracting the nitrogen is in blowing the steam
into the heat chamber in the direction the heat travels; and the economy in col-
lecting the bye-products and cleansing the gas is in using a succession of small
scrubbers in combination with a condenser whereby I am able to treat the gas at
different stages.
30 .
Dated this 23rd day of June 1600.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas and Coke Producers and in the Apparatus for
Collecting the Bye-products therefrom.
I THOMAS NICHOLSON of The Limes, Hucknall Torkard in the County of Nottingham
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The improvements I effect are the giving of greater heat to the contents of the
Producers, the more equal distribution of such heat a better method of applying steam
for the extraction of nitrogen from the Coke, and an economical method of securing
the tar, ammonia, and benzol, and of cleansing the gas from sulphur and other
deleterious constituents. The greater heat is obtained by an air blast supplied to the
Producers' furnaces and by causing the heat to pass directly through the Producers
from the bottom and side flues; and the more equal distribution of the heat I obtain
by a small heat chamber above the furnace. The improvement in extracting the
nitrogen is in blowing the steam into the heat chamber, and the economy in col-
lecting the bye-products and cleansing the gas is in using a succession of small
scrubbers, in conjunction with a serpentine condenser, whereby I am able to treat
the gas at different stages.
The following description, with the accompanying plans, will show the method of
working. The furnace A being charged with a gas or coke fire a blast of air is
supplied through pipe B. The heat thus generated is much greater than can be
obtained by mere atmospheric pressure, and, to enable it to have its full effect
upon the coal I make the Producer C with side flues D having perforations on
the inner sides (the floor also being perforated) so as to avoid the usual obstruction
of solid brick work. The tendency of the heat is to ascend to the Producer
immediately above the furnace and to leave the far end cold. To avoid this, I put
a false roof to the furnace and form a heat chamber E, which the heat can only
enter from the far end and so is compelled to spread itself equally underneath the floor
[Price 6d1

page_text: and through the side flues of the Producer and act with uniformity upon the charge
of coal within. The heat so applied quickly drives out the gas which passes away
through pipe F into the scrubber G where it meets a shower of gas liquor (which
falls into trough H, carrying with it some of the bye-products from the gas) and
then travels on to the main J where it joins the gas from any number of Producers
and proceeds to a larger scrubber, made as the first, and thence to the serpentine
condensing pipes K and their successive scrubbers L (all of which should be immersed
in running water in a tank M), and to any further number that may be required, until
all the bye-products have been extracted, when it passes on by the main N to be used
where desired. In the process the bye-products deposit in the trough H at points P
and the liquor portion is pumped thence into a tank (not necessary to be shewn here)
for supplying the scrubbers and drawing off into casks for sale.
After the gas has passed from the coal there remains coke which requires to be
hardenened and also to be deprived of its nitrogen and sulphur.
To effect these objects I turn steam through pipe R into the heat chamber, whence
it rises into and through the coke. The Producers are charged and discharged in the
.usual way, being first isolated by means of the valves S.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. The use of air as a blast to Gas and Coke Producer furnaces.
2. The heat chamber as described.
3. The supply of heat to the charge through perforations in the sides, as well as
through the floor, of the Producers.
4. The succession of scrubbers as described.
5. The serpentine Condensers as described.
6. The causing wet steam to pass upwards through the coke.
THOS. NICHOLSON.