IMPROVE- MENTS IN EVER-POINTED PENCILS
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Wiley, of No. 29, Graham Street,
Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN EVER-POINTED PENCILS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Wiley
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 1st May 1865.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD WILEY, of No. 29, Graham Street, Birmingham, in
the County of Warwick, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN EVER-POINTED PENCILS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in ever-pointed pencils. The
Invention is applicable when constructing an ever-pointed pencil wherein a
short tubular holder is employed, by which when in use the feeding of the
marking material is progressively made through the nozzle of the pencil, and
out of which tubular holder the last piece of the marking material is finally
driven by a short forcing wire interior of the tubular holder; and the improve-
ments consist in constructing such ever-pointed pencils in the following
manner: On the short tubular holder there is a neb or projection which
enters a female screw of uniform pitch from end to end, so that by rotating
the screw the tubular holder is progressively moved forward towards the
nozzle of the pencil, together with the marking material, one end of which

page_text: fits in and is held securely by the end of the short tubular holder, whilst the
other end of the marking material is when in use projecting through the
nozzle of the pencil. Interior of the short tubular holder is a short forcer
wire, on or near one end of which is formed or fixed a neb or projection
similar to the one on the short tubular holder, and the neb on the forcer wire
also enters the thread of the female screw, and is by such screw propelled
towards or moved from the nozzle according to the direction in which the
screw is moved, but by reason of the screw being of uniform pitch from end
to end, the forcer during the feeding forward of the marking material through
the nozzle of the pencil retains its relative position with respect to the holder,
and so soon as the neb of the short tubular holder has arrived at the end of
the screw, and the further movement forward of the short tubular holder is
consequently stopped, the interior forcer wire is moved up a distance sufficient
to drive out the last piece of the marking material which was previously held
by the short tubular holder, then by reversing the action of the screw the
forcer will be moved back, and thus allow of there being a fresh piece of
marking material introduced a short distance into the tubular holder, when
by continuing the retrograde action of the screw the tubular holder and the
forcer wire will be moved back into the pencil, the forcer and the short
tubular bolder retaining their proper relative positions. In order to keep the
outer end of the screw pressing towards the nozzle end of the pencil, the
screw is pressed on by a spring, or this keeping the screw correctly in action
may be otherwise accomplished. I have spoken of the screw being rotated,
but the screw may be held whilst the other parts are rotated, and in place of
employing the screw as the propeller, what is known as the ratchet or sliding
movement may be arranged to move the forcer and the tubular holder at like
speeds during the feeding forward of the marking material, and then to have
a separate movement of the forcer.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Edward Wiley in the Great Seal Patent Office on 30
the 1st November 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD WILEY, of No. 29, Graham Street, Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her reign,
did for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Edward Wiley, Her special licence that I, the said William Edward
Wiley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
William Edward Wiley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after, during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
EVER-POINTED PENCILS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
William Edward Wiley, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Wiley, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention bas for its object improvements in ever-pointed pencils. The
Invention is applicable when constructing an ever-pointed pencil wherein a
short tubular holder is employed, by which when in use the feeding of the
marking material is progressively made through the nozzle of the pencil, and
out of which tubular holder the last piece of the marking material is finally
driven by a short forcing wire interior of the tubular holder, and the improve-
ments consist in constructing such ever-pointed pencils in the following
mauner:-On the short tubular holder there is a neb or projection which
enters a female screw of uniform pitch from end to end, so that by rotating
the screw the tubular holder is progressively moved forward towards the
nozzle of the pencil together with the marking material, one end of which fits
in and is beld securely by the end of the short tubular holder, whilst the
other end of the marking material is when in use projecting through the
nozzle of the pencil. Interior of the short tubular holder is a short forcer
wire, on or near one end of which is formed or fixed a neb or projection
similar to the one on the short tubular holder, and the neb in the forcer wire

page_text: .
also enters the thread of the female screw, and is by such screw propelled
towards or moved from the nozzle according to the direction in which the
screw is moved, but by reason of the screw being of uniform pitch from end
to end, the forcer during the feeding forward of the marking material through
the nozzle of the pencil retains its relative position with respect to the holder,
and so soon as the neb of the short tubular holder has arrived at the end of
the screw, and the further movement forward of the short tubular holder is
consequently stopped, the interior forcer wire is moved up a distance sufficient
to drive out the last piece of the marking material which was previously held
by the short tubular holder, then by reversing the action of the screw the
forcer will be moved back, and thus allow of there being a fresh piece of
marking material introduced a short distance into the tubular holder, when
by continuing the retrograde action of the screw the tubular holder and the
forcer wire will be moved back into the pencil, the forcer and the short
tubular holder retaining their proper relative positions. In order to keep the
outer end of the screw pressing towards the nozzle end of the pencil the
screw is pressed on by a spring, or this keeping the screw correctly in action
may be otherwise accomplished. I have spoken of the screw being rotated,
but the screw may be held whilst the other parts are rotated, and in place of
employing the screw as the propeller, what is known as the ratchet or sliding
movement may be arranged to move the forcer and the tubular holder at like
speeds during the feeding forward of the marking material, and then to have
a separate movement of the forcer.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, I will proceed more fully
to describe the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of an ever-pointed pencil constructed
and combined according to my Invention; Figure. 2 shows the interior works,
the lower parts being in section, the exterior case being removed; Figure 3
shows the screw separately, which is formed with an uniform pitch from end
to end, so that the forcer is not caused to overtake the holder till the holder
has arrived at the end of its motion; Figure 4 shows the holder and the
forcer.
a is the external case; b is the screw; c is the internal tube, having a
longitudinal slot, along which the nebs on the forcer and holder slide; d is
a spring, by which the screw is pressed downwards; e is the forcer; and
e is the neb of the forcer, which enters into the thread of the screw at a

page_text: distance from the neb f' of the holder f, bence by reason of the screw being
of uniform pitch the two nebs will be retained at the same distance apart till
the neb of the holder has got to the end of the screw, when it will remain
stationary, and the further rotation will cause the neb of the forcer to move
till it has delivered the last piece of the marking material through the end of
the holder and through the end of the nozzle g. When the rotation is
reversed the neb of the forcer will first be moved, and allow the end of a
fresh piece of marking material to be introduced into the lower end of the
holder, and then the further rotation will move back both the nebs, and they
will remain the same distance apart till the marking material is expended.
Figure 5 shows a longitudinal section of an ever-pointed pencil wherein the
Invention above described is somewhat modified, for in place of using a short
spring the screw itself acts as the spring, it being free, so that it being slightly
compressed it acts in the same way as the spring and screw of the previously
described pencil, in other respects the arrangement and combination of the
parts is the same as above described. In this Figure, as also in Figure 2,
the neb of the holder is shown to have arrived at the end of its motion, and
the neb of the forcer is shown in the position it assumes when the neb of the
forcer has nearly arrived at the end of its downward motion, and has nearly
driven out the last piece of the marking material.
Figure 6 shows a longitudinal section of another modification, which is
similar to the arrangement shown in Figures 1 and 2, but the spring at top
is omitted. This arrangement acts as before described, but the effect of
the spring is obtained by sliding the parts longitudinally a short distance
by hand.
Figure 7 shows a longitudinal section of another modification of the Inven-
tion, in which the motion of the forcer is arranged to be propelled by the
uniform screw thread, which in this case is external of the pencil case, and
the longitudinal slot which guides the neb of the holder is in the outer case.
In this arrangement a is the outer case; b is the external screw thread, of
uniform pitch; e is the forcer, and e' the forcer neb; fis the holder, the
projection f of which is of some length, in order to receive the ring f²,
which carries the neb f³, which is a portion of a screw, and which enters the
thread of the screw formed on the outer case a, so that by rotating the
ring f the holder is moved till the ring comes to the lower end of the screw,
and then the forcer is free to be slid by the finger of the user in order to.
discharge the last piece.
Llaving thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner of

page_text: performing the same, I would have it understood that I make no claim to
any of the parts separately; but what I claim is, the combined arrangement
consisting of a screw of uniform pitch, a holder, and a forcer, acting as herein
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Wiley, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
.
WILLIAM EDWARD WILEY. (L.S.)