matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
A NEW OR IMPROVED COMBINED EQUILIBRIUM AND STOP VALVE
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Philip Gibbons and Arthur Samuel
Francis Robinson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
1st December 1882.
PHILIP GIBBONS and ARTHUR SAMUEL FRANCIS ROBINSON both of Wantage in
the County of Berks A NEW OR IMPROVED COMBINED EQUILIBRIUM AND STOP
VALVE"
"
This Invention relates to a new or improved combined equilibrium and stop
valve which has for its object 1-To maintain the most perfect equilibrium and
2ndly To prevent the stop valve from becoming leaky and defective
Our invention is both simple and effective. The stop valve and equilibrium
valve are made in one cylindrical box casting-(hereafter termed the valve box,)-
and which box has a screw thread formed thereon to allow of its being screwed into
the partition which separates the steam chest from the slide valve chest.
In that part of the valve box which projects into the valve chest numerous small
ports are cut, which ports are opened and closed by means of a loose collar (here-
after termed the regulator)-fitted over this part of the valve box and having a
corresponding number of ports cut therein.
A circular reciprocating motion is imparted to such regulator by means of bevil
teeth cast thereon which taking into the segment of a bevil pinion attached to or
formed on the equilibrium valve spindle move the regulator to and fro just
sufficiently to open and shut the ports in the valve box; a suitable stop being
conveniently fitted in the latter in order to control the motion of the regulator :-
Such regulator is kept in position by a covering plate which is secured by a screw
plug which also forms a support for the equilibrium valve spindle
The other portion of the valve box which projects into the steam chest forms the
valve seat of the stop valve and has two ports cut therein-A stop valve having
two corresponding ports cut therein is fitted over such valve seat in such a manner
that when the engine is at work the entire surface of the valve seat is covered by
the stop valve and is so effectually protected from any dirt lodging thereon and
injuring the valve surface which is so frequently the cause of leaky stop valves.
A reciprocating motion is imparted to such stop valve by a rod screwed to a bar
fitting between borns projecting from the top of the valve which rod passes through

page_text: a stuffing box in the steam chest to the outside of the cylinder and is moved by a
lever and joint in the ordinary way
One of the principal advantages of our invention is that owing to its improved
construction and arrangement the equilibrium valve not only possesses the most
perfect and delicate sensibility but can be manipulated with the greatest facility
and certainty whilst constant and effective lubrication is secured
Another advantage is that while possessing increased lasting and wearing powers
it can be repaired or cleaned far more quickly and easily than any valves in
present use.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS OR GENERATORS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Friedrich Hermann Felix Engel at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th May 1882.
A com-
munication by Andreas Wilhelm Schultze and Georg Meyer both of Hamburg
in the German Empire.
FRIEDRICH HERMANN FELIX ENGEL Civil Engineer and Patent Agent in
the city of Hamburg Germany. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS OR
GENERATORS a communication by Andreas Wilhelm Schultze and Georg Meyer
both of Hamburg in the German Empire
"
This invention relates to improvements in steam boilers or generators in which
secondary steam is produced by heating the water of the corresponding boiler by
primary steam generated by direct firing of a main boiler and consists in con-
structing the combined generator of three concentrically or nearly concentrically
arranged boilers and mantles. The inner boiler is furnished with fire grate and
flues for producing steam by direct heating of the fuel and this boiler is surrounded
by a second boiler from which it is isolated by an intermediate free space or by a
space filled up with an heat isolating medium. This second boiler is heated by
steam only that is taken from the inner boiler before mentioned which steam is
passed through pipes or tubes crossing through the water space of the second
boiler whilst at same time a third mantle boiler surrounding the second boiler is
likewise in communication with the steam of the innermost boiler and increases
the heating and generation of steam in the second boiler aforesaid. The condensed
water accumulates at the bottom of the mantle-boiler and is drawn off and may
by a force pump or other mechanical feeding apparatus used for feeding the inner-
most boiler. The secondary steam generated in the second boiler is taken off and
employed for driving motors or engines or such purposes as may be required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FINISHING AND VELOURING HATS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Wilde and Handel Beech
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th May 1882.
SAMUEL WILDE and HANDEL BEECH both of Denton in the county of
Lancaster IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR FINISHING AND VELOURING HATS
**
»
The object of this invention is to impart at will, to the block which carries the
hat under operation either an elliptical or excentric movement as required when
finishing or " velouring" the brim and body, or a true circular motion as required
when finishing or "velouring" the tip or central portion of the crown of the hat.
The upright spindle which supports the hat block is provided with a circular
face plate which is mounted with slides carrying by means of a dovetail the plate
to which the hat block is fastened.
This plate is provided at its back with two studs working against a circular
rim attached to a slide (at right angles to the former one) and this rim is so
mounted that it can either be brought to coincide with the centre of the upright
spindle, in which case the block has a true circular motion only, or by moving the
said rim out of the centre by means of a lever, a more or less elliptical or excentric
motion is given to the block to correspond with the elliptical form of the bat body,
the said motion being caused by the studs at the back of the block plate running
round the periphery of the circular rim above named which has been (as above
described) moved eccentrically so as not to correspond with the centre of the axis,
thus causing the block plate to move to and fro across the face plate as it revolves
with it.
We also provide a movable guard or guide for the fingers of the operator to rest
against.
MENTS IN CARTRIDGE BAGS OR RECEPTACLES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ernest William Cooke at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th January 1882.
ERNEST WILLIAM COOKE of Liverpool in the County of Lancaster but
" IMPROVE-
temporarily of 14 Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex.
MENTS IN CARTRIDGE BAGS OR RECEPTACLES."
This Invention relates to the bags knapsacks or other receptacles, employed for
carrying cartridges for rifles sporting or other guns. The Invention consists of an
improved receptacle fitted with a regulating feed mechanism by which when one
cartridge has been withdrawn from the bag or receptacle another falls into its place
where it is held until required.
The Invention as applied to a knapsack (which is considered an advantageous
form of receptacle) is as follows-In the bag or receptacle are placed a series of
layers of cartridges one of which falls to the outlet at the bottom where it is
held by means of a two way pivotted lever, whose motion is governed by the action
of a spring and releasing mechanism.
When a cartridge is desired the releasing mechanism is operated, which withdraws
the lower arm of the pivoted lever and permits one cartridge to fall through the
delivery opening while the balance of the cartridges are held back by the upper
arm of the pivoted lever. After delivery of the cartridge, the spring is permitted
to act on the lever and the upper arm is withdrawn and the lower comes forward
when the next cartridge falls into the top of the feed opening ready for delivery.
When the bag or receptacle is made in the form of a knapsack it is supplied
with shoulder and belt straps and may be divided into suitable compartments. The
delivery opening being for convenience carried to either or both sides of the person
in order that the cartridges may be readily and conveniently obtainable.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OR PROCESS OF PRODUCING TRANSPARENT PATTERNS ON GROUND GLASS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David Reich of Berlin and Vienna doing business under
the style or firm of S. Reich & Co of Berlin and Vienna for an Invention
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Reich at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th July 1882.
DAVID REICH, of Berlin and Vienna, doing business under the style or firm of
S. Reich and Co., of Berlin and Vienna, "AN IMPROVED METHOD OR PROCESS OF
PRODUCING TRANSPARENT PATTERNS ON GROUND GLASS
"
This Invention relates to the production of transparent patterns on ground glass
surfaces.
The different processes hitherto employed to produce on glass surfaces transparent
patterns are the following viz; cutting and polishing; the said blast; and the use
of acids.
According to this Invention I cover the parts of the ground glass surface which
are to be made clear and transparent with an easily melting composition, and then
expose them to the action of heat in a muffle furnace.
Such compositions or pastes are well known in porcelain and glass-painting;
they are mainly composed of borax, litharge, quartz, and pulverized glass in about
equal proportions.
These ingredients are triturated and mixed with thick oil into a paste that can
be spread with a brush, and laid over the portion of glass to be ornamented.
The heat of the muffle furnace melts the composition, and an intimate com-
bination with the glass takes place, whereby the parts which have been covered
with the paste become clear and transparent, whilst the other parts remain
opaque.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SECURING GLOBES TO THEIR GALLERIES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Thomas Harvey at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th July 1882.
HENRY THOMAS HARVEY of 2, St: Anne's Terrace St: Anne's Hill Wandsworth
in the County of Surrey IMPROVEMENTS IN SECURING GLOBES TO THEIR
GALLERIES
The object of my Invention is to fasten more securely expeditiously and in a
simpler manner than hitherto employed the glasses or globes of lamps especially
those globes with a flanged shaped base instead of the very clumsy thumb screw or
similar arrangement bitherto used. In carrying out my Invention I form at the end of
one of the three armed or other shaped globe carrier a piece of hollow shaped metal
or other suitable material through which a spindle turns freely having a volute or
concoidal shaped cam fixed to the top of the spindle with a square or other con-
venient shaped piece of metal fixed also at the base which enables the operator
without any difficulty or delay to secure or release at will the globe intended to be
used to the globe carrier-The volute shaped cam is fixed concentrically upon the
spindle so that to remove the globe the volute is clear of the rim or flange of the
globe when it is desired to secure the globe in its place the volute is turned
horizontally by the square piece underneath it acts upon the flange or rin and so
holds the flange or rim of the globe firmly in its place
IMPROVEMENTS IN FUSIBLE PLUGS FOR PREVENTING EXPLOSIONS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Burton and Robert Byrnes
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th-March 1882.
JOHN BURTON, of the Borough Brass & Iron Works, Staleybridge in the
County of Chester, and ROBERT BYRNES of the same place Foreman Brass
Finisher in the employ of the said John Burton, "IMPROVEMENTS IN FUSIBLE
PLUGS FOR PREVENTING EXPLOSIONS IN STEAM BOILERS."
This invention relates to improvements in that class of fusible plugs in which a
cone of metal has hitherto been screwed in position into the body of the plug, and
has contained an inner cone of similar metal with an intervening layer or thickness
of fusible metal, which latter becoming melted owing to shortness of water allows
the inner cone to fall out, and, by permitting the water or steam to escape, thus
extinguishes the fire.
Instead of this combination of cones I employ a cap, or thimble of fusible metal
which is inserted inside the body of the plug, and forced up by means of a screwed
ferrule (turned by a suitable key) against an annular feathered edge which forms
the inner orifice of such body and thus such fusible cap closes the orifice and
presents a large surface, or area to the action of the flames and also permits a
larger volume of steam, and water to escape, in case of its being blown out, than
has hitherto been practicable in existing fusible plugs.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STAIR-RODS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Isaac Cohen Morris at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th July 1882.
ISAAC COHEN MORRIS of the firmn of Morris and Company of Manchester in
the County of Lancaster, Cabinet Makers and Upholsterers, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STAIR-RODS
"
My said Invention has reference to the rods which are employed to secure in
position the stair cloths or carpeting of flights of stairs. These rods as at present
constructed are usually made of metal and chiefly of brass and are therefore heavy
and expensive. The object of my Invention is to produce a rod which will be
lighter, more susceptible of ornamentation and much less expensive than the sai i
brass rods and to obtain these results I form the said rods of wood instead of
metal. To secure the rods in situ I may make one or both of the ornamental
heads or ends removable and replace the said ends after the rod has been slipped
through the eyes into position. Rods constructed in accordance with my Invention
are capable of being cheaply fashioned to correspond in style, design and colour
with their surroundings or they may be made round, fluted, triangular or
polygonal in shape.
In order to prevent warping the said rods may if desired be made of two
different pieces, glued or otherwise secured together, or the rod when turned and
finished may be split lengthwise and the two portions reversed and secured
together.
•
-
Where a light and pliable rod is required as for example in cases where the steps
are curved, I may make use of cane and ornament or colour the surface as in the
case of the rods hereinbefore mentioned.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES FOR THE ARTIFICIAL REARING OF OYSTERS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Julius Boult at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th March 1882. A communication
to him from abroad by Madame Alix Laurent of Bordeaux in the Republic of
France,
ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of the firm of W. P. Thompson & Boult, Agents for
Foreign Patent Solicitors of 323 High Holborn London in the County of Middlesex
and 6 Lord Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPLIANCES FOR THE ARTIFICIAL REARING OF OYSTERS' a communication to him
from abroad by Madame Alix Laurent of Bordeaux in the Republic of France,
"
This invention relates to an improved plate or tile to be used in the construction
of boxes or cases for use in artificially rearing oysters
According to this invention such plates or tiles are made in ceramic ware, such for
instance as burnt clay. The shape and size of the plates may vary but they may
with advantage be made 50 centimetres long 23 centimetres wide and about
16 millimetres in thickness
The plates or tiles may be perforated or unperforated and if perforated the holes
may be of circular or other suitable shape and their number will vary according to
the size of the plate.
The perforated tiles are used by preference for making the bottom of oyster
rearing cases or boxes, whilst the unperforated tiles will be used principally for the
sides of the same
A NEW OR IMPROVED CHEST EXPANDING CORSET
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Manning Knight at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd March 1882.
HENRY MANNING KNIGHT of Wood Street in the City of London "A NEW OR
IMPROVED CHEST EXPANDING CORSET
رو
The object of this invention is to afford facilities for expanding the chest and
preventing and curing round shoulders and stooping by means of a new construction
of corset or combination of appliances therewith. For this purpose I provide or
form the corset at the back with two straps which after being crossed on the back
are passed over the shoulders and then back under each arm by preference through
loops hooks or staples of leather or metal so as to prevent injury or discomfort to
the arm pits and then through loops hooks or staples fixed at or near the middle of
the back of the corset and then brought to the front where the two straps are fastened
to buckles at or near the waist. The more they are tightened up the more they
will pull the shoulders back
Or according to another arrangement the parts passing round the shoulders may
be made as separate ring belts or loops to which straps are attached which pass
round or through loops or hooks down to the waist at the back and then to buckles
in front
The straps may be elastic or otherwise or be composed of parts elastic and parts
inelastic
Instead of straps I may use cords or other such suitable means for the purpose.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FOUNTAIN-PENS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th April 1882. A communication
from abroad by Marvin Chester Stone, of Baltimore, Maryland, United States
of America.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FOUNTAIN-PENS [A
communication from abroad by Marvin Chester Stone, of Baltimore, Maryland,
United States of America.]
This invention relates to improvements in fountain-pens, its main object being
to construct a fountain-pen which is entirely automatic in its action, the nib being
supplied with ink from a reservoir by means of capillary attraction, and in which
the nib may be renewed at pleasure. The said invention comprises various novel
features in the construction and combination of the parts of fountain-pens, as
herein-after described.
According to the said invention the main portion of the holder forms the
reservoir for ink and is closed at its upper end; into the open end of it is screwed
the section of the holder which carries the nib, and within this section a porous
plug or pellet, preferably of wire gauze, is fixed by means of a hollow screw or
other suitable contrivance. I prefer to employ for this purpose a hollow screw
consisting of a single coiled wire which fits into a screw-thread in the said section.
The nib is inserted in the open end of the said section which is suitably formed
to receive it, and one or more plates corresponding to the configuration of the nib
are placed approximately in contact with either the convex or the concave side or
with both sides of the nib; or ordinary nibs may be used instead of the said
plates.
The object of the said plate or plates is to draw ink from the reservoir through
the wire gauze or other plug to the points of the nib by means of capillary
attraction, thus keeping one or both surfaces of the nib constantly wet with ink
and ready at any moment to Le used in writing, air being admitted through the
porous plug to take the place of the ink withdrawn. I provide a strip or packing
of oiled cloth, india-rubber, or other suitable material, which is inserted in the

page_text: aforesaid section behind the nib to prevent ovaporation of the ink while the pen
is not in use, and possible leakago while it is in transit.
If desired, the said section of the holder carrying the nib may bo dispensed with
and the nib and ink-feeding contrivances inserted directly into the open end of the
reservoir.
According to a modification of the said invention I construct the reservoir in
such a manner that it may contain a supply of dry ink, such as aniline, soluble in
water, so that the addition of water from time to time will be all that is required
to make the pen rendy for use.
A suitable cap is provided which when the pen is not in use is placed upon the
end of it to protect the nib and prevent evaporation of the ink; this cap may be
placed upon the reverse end when the pen is in use.
IMPROVEMENTS IN EXTRACTING JUICE OR LIQUID FROM SUGAR CANE AND FOR MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Houldsworth Grierson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th August 1882. Com-
municated to him from abroad by Charles Hughes of Matanzas in the Island
of Cuba, West Indies.
HENRY HOULDSWORTH GRIERSON of Manchester in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN EXTRACTING JUICE OR LIQUID FROM SUGAR CANE
AND FOR MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN." [Communicated to him
from abroad by Charles Hughes of Matanzas in the Island of Cuba, West Indies]
This invention consists in expressing juice or liquid from "bagasse" or crushed
sugar cane.
«
For the above purpose additional rollers are used in conjunction with those
constituting what is commonly called a sugar cane mill" such additional rollers
being for the purpose of expressing the juice or liquid from the " bagasse" or
crushed sugar cane, produced by the action of the aforesaid "sugar cane mill."
The above named additional rollers are mounted within a suitable framework so
as to be capable of being rotated therein by means of gearing and shafts from
either the aforesaid sugar cane mill or the engine or other motor used for actuating
the same.
The "bagasse" or crushed sugar cane is conducted from the "
sugar cane mill "
to the additional rollers above referred to by means of any suitable travelling
surface or conveying apparatus which receives motion from the aforesaid "sugar
cane mill," or in any convenient manner.
In some cases it is proposed to form the conveying apparatus above referred to
so that the "bagasse" in its passage from the "sugar cane mill" to the additional
rollers shall be compressed laterally so as to be of a breadth less than the length of
the rollers to which it is delivered.
4
"
In cases where more than two rollers in addition to those constituting the
sugar cane mill
are employed, a plate or guide is used for conducting the
'bagasse" from one bite of the rollers to the next; such plate aforesaid being
provided with a knife or blade for stripping the " bagasse "from the lower of the
first pair of rollers.
The aforesaid plate is provided with screws or wedges acting upon brackets
secured to the framework before named, so as to be capable of being adjusted
relatively to the previously mentioned rollers.
The ends of the upper roller or rollers acting upon the bagasse are provided
with collars or flanges to confine the bagasse laterally when passing beneath
them.
APPARATUS FOR DRYING HAY AND OTHER CROPS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Perkins at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd June 1882.
THOMAS PERKINS of Hitchin in the County of Herts
APPARATUS FOR DRYING HAY AND OTHER CROPS
"
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for drying hay and
other crops.
When hay and other crops are stacked before they are dry they are liable to
heat and spoil; it has been found that this may be prevented by the application
of an exhaust fan in such manner as to draw out the moist and heated air from
the stack, leaving it to be replaced by cool dry air finding its way in from the
exterior. The stack is built with a central cavity; a wooden trunk leads out from
the cavity and is adapted for the ready connection of the exhausting apparatus when
required. This trunk I make taper so that when it has served its purpose in one
stack it may be drawn out and used in another; for it is only for a short time
after the building of the stack that the apparatus is needed. The trunk is built
into the stack in an horizontal position near to the ground, it is provided with a
metal mouth piece which by means of dovetails is adapted to engage with the
exhausting apparatus. The exhausting apparatus I make readily portable, so that
it may be taken from stack to stack. It consists of a double frame carrying at the
apex an horizontal axis on which is a crank handle to be turned by manual labour,
and there is also a large toothed wheel on this axis; it engages with a small pinion
upon the fan axis which is vertically beneath. Upon the side of the double frame
which comes next to the stack a cast iron plate is fixed and in this is the mouth or
inlet to the fan. This plate has upon it dovetails to engage with those upon the
trunk built into the stack. The end of the fan axis is opposite to the mouth and
has a bearing upon a breech piece extending across the mouth but curved inwards
so as not to impede the entrance.. The outer bearing of the fan axis is upon the
frame. The fan axis has radial arms upon which are palms for impelling the air
and the fan is enclosed in a casing of wood which has a tangential outlet.
The toothed wheel and pinion might be replaced by pulleys and a strap or steam
or other power might be employed driving direct to the fan spindle in the usual
way and the casing of the fan may be of metal.

page_text: The same apparatus may also be employed for drying grain in bins, the bins
are provided with a perforated bottom on which the grain is supported and the fan
withdraws the air from beneath.
Provision may if desired be made for warming the air entering at the top of the
bin, or a trunk may be provided by which the air may be withdrawn from the
midst of the grain which surrounds the trunk. The bin may also be provided
with inner perforated sides to give free access all around to air either heated
or cold.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HAND SCREENS AND IN THE METHOD OF APPLYING AND EXHIBITING PHOTOGRAPHIC PORTRAITS AND VIEWS IN COMBINATION THEREWITH
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Max Otto Hund at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 31st March 1882.
MAX OTTO HUND of Queen Victoria Street in the City of London
" IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HAND SCREENS AND IN THE METHOD OF
APPLYING AND EXHIBITING PHOTOGRAPHIC PORTRAITS AND VIEWS IN COMBINATION
THEREWITH."
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of hand screens and
in the method of applying and exhibiting photographic portraits and views in
combination therewith such improved hand screens being thus made to serve the
nseful purpose of ornamental frames for holding preserving and displaying
photographic portaits and views.
My improvements are applicable either to ornamental hand screens made specially
for the purposes of my invention or to ornamental hand screens imported from
China and Japan
For this purpose in the construction of hand screens in accordance with my
invention in some cases I make them with separate parts of thin wood metal card
board or other suitable material to form the front and back of the screen and so
as to open and close readily for introducing and exchanging the portraits or views
when required.
Or a slit or opening may be made in the front of the screen to slip the portrait
or photograph into position
The front of the hand screen is formed with one two or more openings of oval or
other suitable shape which openings may have a rim or frame of thin metal such as
nickel or brass secured around the edge as an ornamental border thereto similar to
a passe-partout. These openings are closed so as to exclude dust and to protect
the photographic portrait or picture with glass or advantageously with a thin
plate of transparent mica which would not be liable to fracture
Pockets or frames are formed on the inner side of the front and around the
openings to receive the photographic portraits or views a flap being closed over to
hold and retain them in proper position opposite the openings. Or the whole
back may be made to serve the purpose of holding the photographs in position
Or the photograph may be slid into position through slits in the front of the screen
as before described.

page_text: In the application of my improvements to the hand screens imported from China
and Japan I pierce one or more openings through them of oval or other suitable
shape which may have a plain or ornamental border of metal secured therein as
previously described and protected by a plate of glass or mica if desired.
Pockets or frames are formed at the back of each opening for the introduction
of the portrait or view and to retain it in correct position opposite to the opening.
If desired the backs of such hand screens may be closed or covered in with card
board paper cloth or other material to secure the portraits or views permanently
between the front and the back of the screen
By this means very cheap ornamental and useful hand screens holders or frames
for photographic portraits and views are produced
IMPROVEMENTS CONNECTED WITH BURNERS FOR NAPTHA, PETROLEUM AND LIKE OIL LAMPS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Berriman Sawdon at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th April 1882.
BERRIMAN SAWDON of Dock Street, Hull, in the county of York, Paraffin
lamp and burner Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS CONNECTED WITH BURNERS
FOR NAPTHA, PETROLEUM AND LIKE OIL LAMPS."
The object of this invention is certain construction or arrangement of burners
for naptha petroleum and like oil lamps in which the oil for generating the lighting
gas is caused to flow downwards on to or against a bottom plate whereby
I produce a clearer light than in the burners in which the oil flows upwards,
besides which I dispense with screw holes and screws which have to be removed
for cleaning purposes and make the burners somewhat costly to manufacture.
According to my invention I fit one or two depending arms to a connection or
branch pipe leading from the reservoir and I perforate or pin hole the branch mid
distance of the two arins at the under portion. The two arms carry a short
length of tubing between them and at the lower ends a flat ring plate from which
by studs and distancing pins a circular plate or disc is carried. The branch pipe
is (preferably) provided with a tap to regulate the passage of oil to the perforation
or pin hole and so determine the dimension and brilliancy of the light.
Any number of these burners may be connected by branches to be fed from the
same reservoir and instead of having two arms as before explained a central hollow
stem or drop pipe may be arranged with the ring plate and the disc depending
therefrom for the passage and the impingement of the oil from the branch
connections above.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Hare at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 27th June 1882.
GEORGE HARE of Calthorpe Street, Grays Inn Road in the County of
Middlesex. IMPROVEMENTS IN PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS
The Invention relates to improvements in photographic cameras and has for its
object the production of a lighter, simpler and more compact portable camera than
those heretofore in use.
For this purpose I form the body of the camera of a back frame connected by a
bellows body to the front of the camera; to the lower and front side of the back
frame is hinged the base board which is so angled at its rear edge as to enable
the sensitive plate to be fixed either at a right angle or at an angle more or less
than a right angle thereto and I fix the base board and the back frame at the
required angle to each other on one side by means of a link pivotted at one end to
the base board, and provided at the other end with a pinching screw running in a
slot in the back frame, a notch being formed in one side of such slot to indicate
when the parts are at right angles to each other.
The other side is held by means of a bracket hinged to the back frame and
extending forward nearly to the front of the base board where it is held by a
pinching screw carried by the base board acting upon a plate fixed by the bracket.
The front of the camera is provided on its bottom edge at each side thereof with
a pinching guide plate working in a groove in the base board, and this groove and
the pinching guide plate are partially covered at one side by a plate or runner fixed
to a slide working in the base board, such plate serving as a guide or runner for
the front to run upon and clamp; the pinching guide plates are capable of being
tightened or loosened by means of a thumb nut acting upon a screw connected to
each of such pinching guide plates. That side of the back frame which carries the
bracket is made broader than the other parts of such frame in order to bring the
bracket outside of the base board when the latter is turned up against the back
frame thus enabling the bracket in combination with a hook or catch on the base
board to be used as a means for holding the camera in its collapsed position.
The slide carrying the front of the camera is moved to and fro as desired by
racks and pinions as usual and the camera can be supported in use either on the
Prim 9d7

page_text: base board or on the bracket side thereof nuts being fixed in such parts for the
purpose.
In some cases I dispense with the bracket and employ a pivotted link and
pinching screw at each side of the back frame which latter I make of similar shape
on both sides thereof.
None of the parts are required to be removed either for adjusting for use or for
packing up the camera.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VEHICLES OR AMBULANCES FOR THE CONVEYANCE OF INVALIDS OR INJURED PERSONS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Utber Bart at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 16th June 1882.
JOHN UTBER BURT of Swinton Street, Kings Cross, in the County of Middle-
sex, Coach Builder "IMPROVEMENTS IN VEHICLES OR AMBULANCES FOR THE
CONVEYANCE OF INVALIDS OR INJURED PERSONS
"
The object of this Invention is certain improvements in vehicles or ambulances
by which invalids or injured persons can be conveyed with ease and safety;
specially arranged appliances being fitted in said vehicles for removal by hand.
For the purpose of my Invention I construct a long body vehicle with the
bottom set low to the ground. The back part has a double hinged flap so arranged
that one portion which is provided with rails or iron rests forms a step and the
other portion a prop or support under the tail end of the vehicle to prevent a
jolting or up and down motion while a patient or an injured person is being carried
in or removed from the vehicle.
The interior of the vehicle is provided with rails and springs to enable litter or
stretcher frames to be slid in upon rubber or other rollers at the sides or at the
centre of the bottom and sling hooks or appliances are also fitted to the upper
sides or from the roof for supporting one or more additional stretchers and also
mattresses if desired. The roof also supporta aling straps for the use of the patient
or for suspending, say, a fractured leg.
The front part of the body of the vehicle is provided with a receptacle for
bandages and surgical appliances and for medicines for temporary relief of the
sufferers as required. The upper sides I leave open and cover the openings with
canvas capable of being unrolled and fastened by stud buttons.
I also leave one or more openings between the framework at the front lower
sides and provide said openings with sliding panels which when slid up or opened
outwards enable an attendant to lift or draw the head portion of a stretcher close up.
The front end and tail portions of the vehicle are fitted with straps suspended
for the reception and support of an extra stretcher, while the front part is so
arranged that a police or hospital stretcher can be fitted in without disturbing a
patient or patients who may be already on it.
The wheels of the vehicle have india rubber tyres or not as desired and the front
is provided with a seat for a driver if horses have to be used, but the vehicle is
made so light in weight and so evenly set upon the wheels that it can easily be
drawn by hand.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN WASHING MACHINES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Mitchell at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 28th April 1882.
JAMES MITCHELL of 126 Westgate, Newcastle on Tyne Draughtsman “IMPROVE-
MENTS IN WASHING MACHINES
"
My said Invention consists in improvements in washing machines and consists
as follows:-
The inside of the cylinder of a washing machine such as that known as Mitchell's
Patent Steam Washer described in the Specification of Letters Patent No. 4975,
A.D. 1880 or other machine of similar construction is, when the machine is of
the larger sizes, divided into two or more compartments by divisions which may
be either angular or of zig-zag or corrugated or wave-like section or they may be
composed of rods or made of any other plain bent solid or perforated form and of
any suitable material
Outside or inside the washer is or are placed one or more steam generators or
vessels each of which has a very small aperture for the exit of the steam generated
therein. As the steam is generated more quickly than it can escape by the small
aperture it rushes out against the cylinder with great force and drives the cylinder
round and thereby renders the machine self acting. The exits at the apertures
may be mado jointed so that they may be reversed to cause the steam to impinge
on the cylinder in one or the other direction so as to drive the machine in one or
the other direction as required. This reversal of the exits may be effected by
hand or the machine may be provided with any suitable self-acting arrangement
which will cause them to be reversed automatically after the machine has made
any determined number of revolutions. The machine is by this Invention rendered
completely automatic and manual labor in washing is avoided. The improvements
may be employed with any washing machine to which they are or may be
applicable.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIPS SLEEPING BERTHS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th April 1882. A communi-
cation from abroad by James Alexander, of Boston, Massachusetts, United
States of America.
"
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine Lake and Co Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIPS SLEEPING BERTHS
[A communication from abroad by James Alexander, of Boston, Massachusetts,
United States of America.]
This invention relates to ships' berths which are hung to swing with the motion
of the vessel so as to retain under such motion a level position.
The present improvements consist essentially in an arrangement and combination
of fastening bolts, and of a weight or weights for the berth as hereinafter
described.
In carrying the said invention into practice I provide a frame made of wood or
other suitable material. This frame has head and foot pieces each of which is hung
by a pivot-pin to the walls of the cabin, all so that the berth can freely swing
during the roll or motion of the vessel. Brackets are attached to the under side
of the berth, one at each end thereof, and each bracket is vertical and weighted at
its lower portion in a manner to bring the berth continually to a level if the berth
is free to swing upon its pivots, so that the person occupying the berth will not
feel the influence of the rolling motion of the vessel and will be therefore protected
against the attacks of sea-sickness.
A bolt is arranged loosely in a vertical socket in the lower and weighted portion
of each bracket. These sockets and bolts are in a radial line with the axes of the
berth-pivots, and the bolts are arranged to enter and engage with mortises in the
floor of the cabin, located in suitable position for such engagement when the berth
is in its normal position of rest. The bolts are shouldered to prevent their dropping
out of their sockets, and each has a chain connected to it. Each chain passes from
its bolt over a guide-pulley hung upon the underside of the berth, and thence to
an opening in one side of the berth, and preferably over guide-pulleys there located,
and being joined, they are continued, as one chain, upward at the same side of the
berth, and hung to an arm of a lever fulcrummed upon brackets attached to the

page_text: upper edge of the berth. This lever is arranged for the bolts to be free by their own
gravity to engage with their mortises when it is in one position, and by swinging
the lover over into a suitable position to simultaneously raise both bolts out of
their mortises and so hold them.
By means of the bolts, arranged as above described, the berth can be locked
against swinging on its centre pins, or released to such swinging movement according
as may be desired, and all by a proper operation, simply of one lever,
One side rail of the berth may be hinged at its lower edge so as to be swung
downward and thus placed out of the way to render the berth the better adapted
for persons to sit upon it.
PREVENTION OF ACCIDENTS ON RAILWAYS CAUSED BY WAGON OR CARRIAGE DRAWBARS BREAKING
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Turnbull at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th February 1882.
WILLIAM HENRY TURNBULL of Albert Street Sandford Hill Longton Staffordshire
PREVENTION OF ACCIDENTS ON RAILWAYS CAUSED BY WAGON OR CARRIAGE
DRAWBARS BREAKING
An improved Drawbar with Eye holes on each side Head of Drawbar, the Eye
holes to be used for the purpose of hooking in the safety chains which are fastened
to Headstock, and which will prevent a Train becoming disconnected in the event
of Drawbar breaking, or as a substitute, Eye holes on each end of rivit that rivets
coupling chain to Drawbar. Also a small iron Plate with nut behind it fixed on
Drawbar under Wagon or carriage about one foot from Headstock, so that in the
event of Drawbar breaking loose at end the strain will be immediately taken up by
Nut and Plate and afterwards by safety Chains if required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN WOVEN FABRICS.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Bailey William Walker and
Louis John Crossley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
18th March 1882.
ROBERT BAILEY, manager and WILLIAM WALKER of Ovenden near Halifax in
the County of York, both in the employ of the Ovenden Worsted Company
Limited, and LOUIS JOHN CROSSLEY, carpet manufacturer, of Halifax in the
aforesaid County. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN WOVEN
FABRICS.
"
The said invention consists in the manufacture of certain woven fabrics made
partially or entirely of curled or wavy threads which have been specially twisted
and in a peculiar manner, also in the method or means of producing designs with
a number of varied colors by a peculiar manner of dyeing.
For this purpose on an ordinary roving or twisting frame we softly twist curled
fibres of wool, mohair, silk or other suitable fibrous material either single or
manifold with one or more hard or soft spun thin threads which we call felting or
milling threads; these threads are made of wool, mohair, or silk or of any other
suitable fibres, and are twisted round the curled fibres forming thick threads
which are curly or wavy; the yarn so produced may be either white or of
various colours. In making the coloured yarn, the soft twisted threads are by
preference first dyed in the form of a warp and, to produce beautiful and shaded
designs in the cloth, we take several of these first dyed threads and form a kind of
rope which we hard twist and then place the rope hard twisted in a bath containing
different colouring material, and dye the same a second time; the threads and
fibres being hard twisted receive only on the surface of the rope a portion of the
second colouring matter so that the portions of the thick threads twisted within
the rope receive no second colour, and when the rope is ready and the thick threads
untwined, a curl or wave is formed and there are left on the threads light and
dark shaded spaces which are softly blended; the felting or milling threads are
then twisted round the thick soft twisted threads and the curly or wavy threads
are maintained. We weave these curly or wavy threads which we use as warps
Price 2d1

page_text: and weft in the usual manner.and produce cloths of novel and varied designs; the
felting or milling threads may be of varied colours which when the cloth is woven
give a bright and beautiful appearance thereto.
In the process of finishing the cloth by the felting or milling process, the felting
or milling threads shrink and pull together the curls or waves, thereby producing
a curled or blistered appearance on the cloth.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAIRS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Keen at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 16th November 1882.
WILLIAM KEEN of 69 Scrutton Street Shoreditch Manager of a Chair
Manufactory "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAIRS
"
This Invention of improvements in chairs relates to high chairs for children and
to the means of converting them into low chairs so as to be used as required either
as high or low chairs.
I take an ordinary high chair as it comes from the factory or one specially made
in this respect only that the two hind legs are not attached to the under side of
the seat and I convert it to fulfil the purposes described by the following means-
1 I sever the two front legs about mid depth of the part below the seat and just
above the two side bars connecting the front and back legs together, and 2ndly-to
the upper portion of the severed legs I fit a plate or socket with a recess in it
central or otherwise to the lower severed portions of the legs, I fit also a plate
carrying a pin to fit into the recess named one of the said pins is made in the form
of a catch actuated with a spring so that it may be locked therein, or released by
pressure applied on a small projecting portion to overcome the pressure of the
spring.
Below the extreme upper ends of the back legs and about four inches below I
place a cross bar each end being turned and entered into the inner sides of the
back legs so as to pivot therein, to this pivotted cross bar are attached or inserted
therein by the ends two other bars or three or more and across them another bar
is attached or receives the inserted ends so as to form a parallelogram. The last
named bar is now articulated to the back of the platform or seat of the chair either
by eyes on the seat or sockets in which the ends of the bar can rotate or through
which eyes a screw can be inserted and let into the ends of the bar, or other
suitable means may be employed, so that the object is attained, namely, the proper
articulation of the parallelogram connecting the back legs with the back of the
seat; with the chair so severed and so articulated the parallelogram being of the
proper height the back of chair seat can be brought forward and down from the
top of the back legs and pushed back till it reaches the front edges of the back
legs either just above the side bars of the chair and supported by the pivotted
parallelogram or resting on the side bars. The upper portions of the front legs
will now be vertical and immediately in front of the lower portions of the front

page_text: legs. And the catches or pins and sockets named, hold and retain the under side
of the seat of the chair now resting on the upper ends of the lower portions of
the severed front legs, and the chair is then a low chair exceedingly compact and
convenient.
Wheels to the chair can be added but it is to be understood they form no part of
the Twention