Improved Valve Apparatus for Hydraulic Presses.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Oct.. 1889-Accepted. 23rd Nov.. 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by MARO MAURICE ROTTEN, of Shiffbauerdamm,
29 Berlin, in the Empire of Germany, Engineer.]
Improved Valve Apparatus for Hydraulic Presses.
1, CHARLES DENTON ABEL of No. 28 Southampton Buildings Chancery Lane in
the County of Middlesex Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
This Invention relates to improved valve apparatus for hydraulic presses, in
particular those used for forging purposes, whereby the valves for manipulating the
press can be actuated readily, rapidly and without concussion. For this purpose a
water pressure slide which is in connection with an accumulator or with two
accumulators that supply the water pressure for actuating the press, is actuated by
a lever that at the same time serves to actuate a throttle valve or slide by means
of which the speed of the press piston or plunger can be varied or regulated under
a constant resistance, the several valves for supplying or discharging the water to
or from the press cylinder being always kept closed by the water pressure, and
their opening being effected independently of each other by a corresponding move-
ment of the water pressure slide.
In the accompanying drawing Figure 1 shows diagrammatically the general
arrangement of the apparatus with the press and accumulators, while Figures 2
and 3 shew respectively an enlarged section and plan of the water pressure slide
and throttle slide actuated by one and the same lever.
In Figures 1. B and C are the accumulators which supply the water pressure to
the hydraulic press A, the accumulator B serving to supply water under low
pressure, which is used for filling the press cylinder in the first instance or for
forcing forward the press plunger, while the accumulator C serves for supplying the
higher working pressure.
It is assumed for simplicity's sake that the accumulator B has a pressure of 50
atmospheres while C has a pressure of 500 atmospheres. a. b c are the working
valves, the valve b serving to supply the pressure-water of 50 atmospheres and
c that of 500 atmospheres, while the valve a serves to discharge the pressure water
from the cylinder. The upward motion of the press plunger is effected by causing
an annular surface thereof to remain in communication with ono or other of the
accumulators. Such upward motion can also be effected by a lifting cylinder situated
above the press cylinder or by two such cylinders arranged on either side of the
latter.
The valves a. b. c are not actuated directly but through the distributing slide d
which is actuated by a lever h. The opening and closing of the working valves
is effected by the low-pressure water by means of small cylinders, to the pistons of
which the valves are attached, and which communicate at the space above the piston
with the distributing slide through the pipes u v w.
The valves are so arranged on their respective supply and discharge pipes that the
pressure of water in the latter always tends to open the valves, these being closed
against such pressure by that exerted upon the above mentioned pistons.
The supply of the pressure-water to the distributing slide that serves for working
the valves is effected through the pipe p and the discharge through the pipe q.
"
The distributing slide d has two cavities which can either be side by side or one
behind the other. Three passages marked respectively "50" "500" and "discharge"
opening into the slide face, communicate with the space above the piston of the
respective valve cylinders. The pressure water for actuating the valves enters the
distributing slide chest at p and escapes at o.

page_text: For working the press it is requisite that each of the three valves shall be capable
of being opened at will while the other remains closed. On the other hand all three
valves must be capable of remaining closed when the press plunger is to remain
stationary in the position into which it has been moved.
Such closure of the valves will take place when pressure water of 50 atmospheres !
is admitted to the space above the valve pistons and this will be effected whenever the
corresponding passage of the slide face is uncovered by the slide, on the other hand,
the valve is opened whose corresponding passage is made to communicate with the
discharge passage q by means of the slide cavity.
"
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Thus in the position of the slide shewn at Figure 2 the discharge valve is opened, 1
while the two pressure supply-valves are kept closed. If on the other hand the slido
be shifted to the left of this position, so that its left hand cavity connects the "50
passage with g leaving the discharge and "500" passages uncovered the 50"
valve will be opened and the other two will remain closed; if the slide be moved to
the right of the position shown, the "500" valve will be opened and the other two
closed.
At any intermediate position of the slide all three valves will remain closed.
The valves will always open to the full extent of their lift, and it is difficult to
increase or decrease such lift in a simple manner during the movement of the press
plunger. The speed of the press plunger is therefore constant with a constant
resistance.
It may however be desirable in working the press to be able to vary the speed
readily at will. This is effected in a perfect manner by the above mentioned throttle
slide g. This is actuated by the same lever that works the distributing slide, it
communicates on the one hand with a passage leading from the three working valves
and on the other hand with the pipe leading to the press cylinder and it is so
arranged as to effect the communication between the pipe and passage to a greater
or less degree, as may be required, at the same time at or immediately after one or
other of the working valves a be has been opened.
The slide may either be a rotary or a rectilinear one; it is by preference arranged
in any suitable manner so as to balance the pressure thereon, and the distributing
slide is made of as small dimension as possible, so that the lever actuating the two
apparatus can be moved as easily as possible.
It will be evident that the above described apparatus may be used without the
lower pressure supply if the valve & be prevented from opening by a regulating scrow,
or by providing a stop cock in the passage of this valve.
Dated this 23rd day of January 1889.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Valve Apparatus for Hydraulic Presses.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancory Lane
in the County of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent, do heroby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to improved valve apparatus for hydraulic presses, in
particular those used for forging purposes, whereby the valves for manipulating the
press can be actuated readily rapidly and without concussion. For this purpose a
water pressure slide which is in connection with an accumulator or with two
accumulators that supply the water prossure for actuating the press is actuated by
a lever that at the same time serves to actuate a throttle valve or slide by means
of which the speed of the press piston a plunger can be varied or regulated under
a constant resistance, the several valves for supplying or discharging the water to
or from the press cylinder being always kept closed by the water pressure and

page_text: their opening being effected independently of each other by a corresponding move-
ment of the water pressure slide.
In the accompanying drawing Fig. 1 shews diagrammatically the general
arrangement of the apparatus with the press and accumulators while Fig. 2 shews
the water pressure slide in three different positions; Fig. 3 shews one form of the
throttle slide by way of example, Fig. 4 shews a construction of the regulating
valve, and Figs. 5 and 6 shew the water pressure slide in combination with the
throttle slide, these being both actuated simultaneously.
In Fig. 1 B and C are the accumulators which supply the water pressure to
the hydraulic press A, the accumulator B serving to supply water under low
pressure, which is used for filling the press cylinder in the first instance or for for
forcing forward the press plunger, while the accumulator C serves for supplying
the higher working pressure.
It is assumed for simplicity's sake that the accumulator B has a pressure of 50
atmospheres, while has a pressure of 500 atmospheres, abc are the working
valves, the valve b serving to supply the pressure water of 50 atmospheres, and C
that of 500 atmospheres, while the valve a serves to discharge the pressure water
from the cylinder. The upward notion of the press plunger is effected by causing
an annular surface thereof to remain in communication with one or other of the
accumulators. Such upward motion can also be effected by a lifting cylinder
situated above the press cylinder, or by two such cylinders arranged on either side
of the latter.
The valves abc are not actuated directly but through the distributing slide d
which is actuated by a lever h. The opening and closing of the working valves is
effected by the low pressure water by means of small cylinders (Fig. 4) to the pistons
of which the valves are attached, and which communicate with the distributing slide
through the pipes u v w the valves being so arranged relatively to their respective
supply and discharge pipes, that the valves close against the pressure existing in
these.
return
The supply of the pressure water to the distributing slide that serves for working
the valves is effected through the pipe p and the discharge through the pipe g.
The distributing slide d has two cavities which can either be side by side or one
and "
behind the other. Three passages marked respectively "50" "500
motion" opening into the slide face, communicate with the space m above the piston
of the respective working valve cylinders. The pressure water for actuating the
valves enters the distributing slide chest at p and escapes at q.
For working the press it is requisite that each of the three valves shall be capable
of being opened at will, while the other two remain closed. On the other hand all
three valves must be capable of remaining closed when the press plunger is to remain
stationary in the position into which it has been moved.
Such closure of the valves will take place when pressure water of 50 atmospheres
is admitted to the space m above the valve pistons, and this will be effected whenever
the corresponding passage of the slide face is uncovered by the slide; on the other
hand the valve is opened whose corresponding passage is made to communicate with
the discharge passage q by means of the slide cavity.
Thus the position I of the slide shewn at Fig. 2, the return motion valve is opened,
while the two pressure supply valves are kept closed; if on the other hand the slide
be shifted to the left of this position so that its left hand cavity connects the "50"
passage with 9, leaving the discharge and "500" passages uncovered as at 11, the
50" valve will be opened, and the other two will remain closed; if the slide be
moved still further to the left as at III the "500" valve will be opened and the other
two closed.
At any intermediate position of the slide all three valves will remain closed.
The valves will always open to the full extent of their lift, and it is difficult to
increase or decrease such lift in a simple manner during the movement of the press
plunger. The speed of the press plunger is therefore constant with a constant
resistance.

page_text: It may however be desirable in working the press to be able to vary the speed
readily at will. This is effected in a perfect manner by the above mentioned throttle
slide g; Fig. 3. This is actuated by the same lever h that works the distributing
slide as shewn at Figs. 5 and 6 it communicates on the one hand with a passage
leading from the three working valves a b and c and on the other hand at S with the
pipe leading to the press cylinder, it is relieved of pressure and can therefore be
easily moved. It operates in such a way that simultaneously with or directly after
the opening of each working valve a bor e a communication with the press cylinder
is gradually established.
For this purpose it will be seen that the throttle slide has three sets of passage
formed in it, the one or other of which is brought to face the passage S according as
the controlling slide d is moved into the one or other of its three positions by the
lever hand that by moving the lever slightly to the one or the other side of these
positions the passage S will be more or less throttled.
By this means it is possible to effect the descent of the press plunger at a greater
or less speed and a pressure of either 50 or 500 atmospheres as also to vary the speed
of the upward motion of the plunger.
The throttle slide g may either be of the rotary kind, as shewn or a rectilinear
moving one in which case it would be connected to the lever h by a rod or other
device it is by preference arranged in, any suitable manner so as to balance the
pressures thereon, and the distributing slide is made of as small dimensions as possible
so that the lever actuating the two apparatus can be moved as easily as possible and
thus the movement of the press plunger be capable of being controlled with the
greatest nicety.
It will be evident that the above described apparatus may be used without the
lower pressure supply if the valve b be prevented from opening by a regulating screw,
or by providing a stop cock in the passage of this valve."
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An improved valve apparatus for hydraulic presses wherein the valves, such
as a. b. and c which serve to control the supply from two accumulators of different
pressure, and the discharge, are operated by a water pressure slide in such manner as
to be actuated by means of a single lever, substantially as herein described.
2. The use in combination with valve apparatus such as is referred to in the pre-
ceding claim, of a throttle slide so arranged and actuated by the same lever that
works the operating slide as to increase or decrease the flow of water to and from the
press cylinder, substantially as herein described.
Dated this 22nd day of October 1889.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.