Improvements in Furnace Grates and Fire Bars.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Mar., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 24th June, 1890-Accepted, 2nd Aug., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Furnace Grates and Fire Bars.
I DAVID JOHN MORGAN of 33 Fitzhamon Embankment Cardiff in the County of
Glamorgan Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My present invention relates to furnace grates and fire bars which are more
especially employed in the combustion chambers of steam generators. Hitherto fire-bars
have frequently been forced upwards or out of position either at their ends or elsewhere
when the stoker picks between the same in order to remove clinker or ash so as to
free the bars for the passage of air and by means of the bars becoming so disarranged
or forced from their proper positions they immediately expose a larger area of their
surface to the direct action of the fire and become thereby more easily burnt
and necessarily shorter lived. The object therefore of this invention is to so arrange
the furnace grates that the bars become effectually locked and consequently cannot
be disarranged when they be picked or the fire roughly stoked to attain which [
employ in the ordinary way two sets of bars which I fit or rest upon a specially
constructed frame composed of two horizontal pieces or sides and three cross pieces.
The fire-bars are preferably laid in a horizontal position fore and aft of the grate in
the usual way.
Each fore bar has its front end bevelled so that it may rest or bear
freely upon the bevelled part of the front cross piece of frame in order to give
freedom for expansion in the ordinary manner. The opposite or back end of each
fore bar is rebated and the lower portion of said end is formed with a V shaped groove
in order that it may fit upon or against a corresponding V shaped projection formed
on or made with the middle cross piece of the frame. The rebated portion or end of
each fore bar rests upon the rebated part of the fore end of each aft bar and the said
fore end of each aft bar is also made with a projection formed at its lower side which
rests or fits freely into a suitable channel or groove formed in the middle cross piece
of frame. The back end of each aft bar is formed in a V shape and the back cross
piece of frame is of a similar shape in cross section in order that the said bar may
rest thereon. The aft bars are first placed in position upon the frame their back ends
resting against or upon the back V shaped cross piece and their rebated front ends
upon the middle cross piece thereof after which the fore lot of bars are placed with
their rebated ends resting upon the rebated ends of the aft bars and their front or
tapered ends upon the front cross piece of frame. It will now be obvious that the aft
set of fire bars cannot be removed without first taking away or lifting the fore bars
therefore in order to complete the locking or fixing of the whole of the bars so placed
I employ a bar rod or plate which I place over the upper part of the front ends of
fore bars and secure the same down to either the front cross piece or sides of frame by
bolts screws rivets or other suitable means.
It will be obvious that the bars may vary in form and be arranged to lock one in
or over the other in several other ways which would be mere modifications of the
method herein before described for instance the centre cross piece of the frame may
where preferred be arranged without the groove or channel and the back end of each
fore bar may be correspondingly arranged without the before described under
projection. The back cross piece may where preferred be made with a groove and
the back end of each aft bar with a tongue or projection in order to fit or rest therein
or the said back end of the aft bar may be made with a projection and the back cross
piece have a groove to correspond. The centre cross piece of frame may if desired
be formed in two pieces and rivetted or bolted together leaving a space between, in
this case the fore bars have projections which rest therein and the aft bars have their
front ends made to fit under a tapered part of said cross piece. In each modification

page_text: it is necessary in order to lock or secure in position the whole of the bars to fasten
down the front ends of the fore set thereof which may be accomplished in the manner
before described or by arranging the front end of fore bars so that the same lock into
or under suitable slots or projections formed in or upon the front cross piece of frame
or in any other convenient manner as will be well understood.
By means of arranging and locking the bars in the manner before described
thinner bars than those generally employed may be used so that a minimum of area
of each bar is exposed at all times to the direct action of the fire and a saving is
effected in material and the bars become longer lived and more economically used
than those arranged as hitherto.
Dated this 1st day of March 1890.
H. F. BOUGHTON, M.I. Mech. E.,
Barnsley and Sheffield, Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Furnace Grates and Fire Bars.
I DAVID JOHN MORGAN of 33 Fitzhamon Embankment Cardiff in the County of
Glamorgan Engineer. do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My present invention relates to furnace grates and fire bars used therefor. Hitherto
fire bars when arranged and fitted in the ordinary manner are easily and therefore
frequently forced upwards and out of place when the stoker picks between said bars
in order to remove clinker or ash so as to free the grate for the passage of air and
the removal of burnt dust and in consequence of the said bars becoming so disarranged
or forced from their original positions they immediately expose a larger surface to
the direct action of the fire and so become more easily burned and necessarily shorter
lived than if they at all times only exposed their upper faces or tops to the fire the
object therefore of my present invention is to so construct the fire-bars and arrange
the furnace grate that the fire-bars become effectually locked in their normal positions
and consequently they cannot be disarranged or forced out of original position by
being picked or by means of the fire being roughly stoked to attain the before
described object therefore I construct the fire-bars and arrange the furnace grate in
the manner set forth in the accompanying drawings which are to be taken as part-of
this specification and read therewith.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of my improved fire-bars showing the
locking arrangement thereof and fig. 2 is a plan of the furnace grate fitted with my
improved fire-bars and fig. 3 is a cross sectional elevation of the same.
Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are longitudinal sectional elevations respectively of modifications
of my improved fire-bars and locking arrangements.
Figs. 7, 8 and 9 are sectional elevations of portions of the aft fire-bars illustrating
modified arrangements of securing or locking the ends of said fire-bars.
Figs. 10, 11 and 12 are longitudinal sectional elevations of modified forms or
means of interlocking the fire-bars in the centre of the furnace grate and fig. 13 is
an enlarged transverse sectional elevation of the form of fire bar I prefer to employ
with my present improvements.
Similar letters of reference denote corresponding parts in all the views.
Referring to figs. 1, 2 and 3 the fire-bars A and B are preferably laid in a horizontal
position fore and aft of the furnace grate as shown they are fitted or laid upon a
specially constructed frame F composed of two sides g and three cross pieces h, j, and k.
Each of the fore set of bars A fig. 1, has its front end a¹ bevelled so that it may rest
or bear freely upon the bevelled part of the front cross piece k of frame F and
the opposite end of each said bar A is rebated as shown at a2 fig. 1 the lower portion
of said end being formed with a V shaped recess or groove a³ in order that it may
fit upon or against a corresponding V shaped projection j' secured to or made with
the middle cross piece of frame F,

page_text: The rebated part a² of each bar A fig. 1 rests upon the rebated part 61 of the fore
end of each aft bar B and beneath said rebated part b' is a projection 6' which rests or
fits freely into a suitable channel or groove formed in the middle cross piecej of
frame F.
The back end of each aft bar B is formed with a V shaped indent or groove
and the cross piece is of a similar shape in cross section as shown fig. 1, in order
that the ends 3 may bear or rest firmly thereon.
In fitting up my improved furnace grate figs. 1, 2 and 3 the aft. bars B are first
placed in position upon the frame F their ends 3 resting against or upon the cross
piece and their rebated fore ends upon the middle cross piece j. After being so
placed the fore bars A are then arranged so that their rebated ends a² rest upon the
rebated ends 6 of the aft bars B and their bevelled ends a¹ upon the bevelled part k
of cross piece k. It will now be obvious that the aft set of fire bars B cannot be
removed unless the bars A are in the first instance removed as the latter effectually
lock the former therefore in order to complete the full locking or securing in position
of the whole of the fire-bars A and B I employ a cross bar or plate M which I piace
over the upper part of front end a¹ of the fire bars A and I fasten the same down
to the frame Feither by bolts rivets screws or by any other ordinary and suitable
method.
Referring to fig. 4 the front bar A is made with its end a grooved and the cross
piece k is arranged with a V shaped projection k¹ in order that the ends a¹ may fit or
rest thereon and in this arrangement the centre cross piece j has a projection ¹
formed. at the aft side thereof and the rebated part 6 of the bar B rests upon the
rebated part a² of bar A. In order to complete the locking of the bars A and B
the plate M is secured to the frame F over the ends 63 of the bars B.
As shown in this arrangement it is necessary to remove the bars B before the
bars A can be taken out from the furnace grate.
With reference to fig. 5 the projection is attached to the cross piece k of frame F
by means of bolts 2 and the end 63 of aft bar B fits on the V shaped cross piece h.
In this case it is necessary to remove the projection A¹ before the bars can be unlocked
or taken out from the furnace grate.
Referring to fig. 6 the cross piece is made flat upon its top and the projection j'
is rounded the cross piece h is also rounded as shown.
With reference to fig. 7 the cross piece h is made with a ✓ shaped groove h¹
and the bar B is formed with a correspondingly shaped projection which fits
therein.
In fig. 8 the cross piece is formed with a spigot h' and the end 63 of bar B is
formed with a suitable corresponding hole or faucet to fit thereon and in fig. 9 the
end of bar B has a tongue 3 and the cross piece h is grooved (¹) in order to
receive the same.
Referring to figs. 10, 11 and 12 which represents the interlocking of the fire-
bars A and B where they meet in the centre of the furnace grate respectively.
In fig. 10 the bar A is made with a spigot a' and the bar B with a faucet b¹
as shown.
In fig 11 the bar A is made with a projection at and the cross piece is arranged
in two pieces which are rivetted or bolted together so that a space j³ is left between
and the end 6¹ of bar B is lipped or formed with a V groove in order to fit over
the end a² of bar A and under the projection ¹ formed on the cross piece j.
In fig. 12 the bar B has a V groove 64 and also a rebated portion 6' the latter
resting upon the rebated part a² of bar B.
In consequence of the locking of fire-bars in the manner herein before described
with reference to figs. 1 to 12 it becomes impossible even under rough stoking or
usage to disturb or disarrange the bars when removing the clinker or stirring the
fire therefore a much lighter and thinner fire bar in all cases may be employed in my
improved furnace grate than can safely and economically be so employed when using
furnace grates arranged in the ordinary manner and for reasons herein before stated

page_text: considerable economy is effected in using fire-bars and furnace grates constructed and
arranged according to my present invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. Fire bars formed with rebated ends a² and b¹ and V formed ends 63 in
combination with the locking arrangement substantially as described and illustrated
at figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings.
2. In a furnace grate the use of fire-hars A and B constructed with rebated
ends a² and recesses a³ projections 2 and V shaped ends &³ in combination with
the frame F substantially as described and illustrated at figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings
annexed.
3. In a furnace grate the arrangement for locking the fire bars substantially as
described and shown at figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings annexed or any mere modifica-
tion thereof.
4. In a furnace grate the use of fire-bars A and B constructed with rebated ends b¹
and a² and arranged so that the bar M locks both sets of bars substantially as described
and illustrated at figs. 1, 2 and 4
5. In means for locking fire bars the arrangements substantially as described and
illustrated by figs. 5 and 6 of the drawings hereunto attached.
6. In combination with the means for locking the fire bars A and B as before set
forth the several modifications described and illustrated with reference to figs. 7, 8, 9,
10, 11 and 12 or any mere modification thereof.
-
7. In combination with the bars A and B the use of a holding down or locking
bar M substantially as described.
Dated this 23rd day of June 1890.
H. F. BOUGHTON, M.I. Mech. E.,
Barnsley and Sheffield, Agent.