IMPROVEMENTS IN EPPECTING COMMUNICATIONS IN RAILWAY TRAINS BETWEEN PASSENGERS AND GHARD
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edmund Tattersall, of Grosvenor Place, in the
County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN EPPECTING
COMMUNICATIONS IN RAILWAY TRAINS BETWEEN PASSENGERS AND GHARD"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edmund Tattersall at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st August 1864.
I, EDMUND TATTERSALL, of Grosvenor Place, in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
EFFECTING COMMUNICATIONS IN RAILWAY TRAINS BETWEEN PASSENGERS AND GUARD,"
to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to enable passengers to communicate with
the guard of the train.
The first part of my Invention consists in attaching to a cord or wire, here-
after called the main cord, which runs from the guard to the driver, a cord or
wire which is connected to such main cord, so that it can only be pulled in
one way, that is, in a direction from the guard. The main cord is connected
to a bell or alarum in the guard's van as well as to a bell or alarum within
hearing of the driver. The main cord is at present in use for communicating
between guard and driver, and it will be seen that my improvement consists
in enabling every passenger in the train to communicate with the guard, who
could then stop the train by signalling to the driver.

page_text: The second part of my Invention consists in fitting to the outside of every
carriage a bell, gong, or alarum, and in carrying a wire or cord to sound such
bell or alarum into one or all of the compartments in the carriage. I also
connect with every such wire a spring signal, which upon the particular cord
being pulled, not only sounds the alarum but at the same time liberates the
particular signal in connection with it. By the action of a spring the signal
is protruded.
The working is as follows:-Supposing any passenger to make an alarm
by pulling the particular cord attached to the compartment in which he is
sitting, the alarum will be sounded and the particular signal connected with
that compartment will be protruded. The sound will be communicated to the
guard at the back of the train, who on reaching the carriage will know by the
signal protruded from what compartment the alarum has been sounded.
Instead of or in addition to the spring signal last described I connect the
slide of a lamp to the passenger cord to enable the signal to be visible at
night.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edmund Tattersall in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
1st February 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDMUND
TATTERSALL, of Grosvenor Place, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Edmund Tattersall, Her special licence that I, the said Edmund
Tattersall, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Edmund Tattersall, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
EFFECTING COMMUNICATIONS IN RAILWAY TRAINS BETWEEN PASSENGERS AND GUARD,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edmund Tattersall, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the

page_text: nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edmund Tattersall, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
that is to say:-
The object of my Invention is to enable passengers to communicate with
the guard of the train.
The first part of my Invention consists in attaching to a cord or wire, here-
after called the main cord, which runs from the guard to the driver, a cord or
wire which is connected to such main cord, so that it can only be pulled in
one way, that is, in a direction from the guard. The main cord is connected
to a bell or alarum in the guard's van as well as to a bell or alarum within
hearing of the driver. The main cord is a present in use for communicating
between guard and driver, and it will be seen that my improvement consists
in enabling every passenger in the train to communicate with the guard, who
could then stop the train by signalling to the driver.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a longitudinal section of a
railway carriage fitted with the appliances for communicating with the guard.
According to this part of my Invention, a, a, is the main cord or wire which
runs from the guard to the driver, and is carried through each compartment
near the roof, and in the middle of every carriage of the train; b, b, are cords
or wires in each compartment within reach of the passengers, and attached to
the main cord a. The main cord a is connected, as before stated, to a bell or
alarum in the guard's van, and to another bell or alarum within hearing of
the driver; when a passenger desires to communicate with the guard he pulls
the cord 6 to sound the alarum in the guard's van, and the guard can then
stop the train by signalling to the driver in the ordinary manner.
In some
cases I employ two main cords a, a, as represented in the end view of a
carriage, Figure 2, each carried through the carriage about midway between
the centre and one side.
The second part of my Invention consists in fitting to the outside of carriages
a bell, gong, or alarum, and in carrying a wire or cord to sound such bell or
alarum into one or all of the compartments in the carriage. I also connect
with every such wire a spring signal, which upon the particular cord being
pulled not only sounds the alarum, but at the same time liberates the particular

page_text: signal in connection with it. By the action of a spring the signal is protruded.
This part of my Invention is represented in Figures 3 and 4, which are
respectively a transverse section and a side elevation of one end of a carriage.
a, a, is a wire or cord carried along the backs of each compartment, and
connected to a gong or alarum 6 outside the carriage. The wire or cord a in
each compartment is also connected to a bell crank c (shewn detached on a
larger scale in Figure 5) formed with a fork d, which takes into a notch e in
the rod of a signal ƒ (shewn detached in Figure 6), to hold the rod in a box g,
in which a spring his fitted. A spring i acts on the crank c to keep the fork d
in the notch e. I prefer to fit each compartment with two bell cranks c and
signal rods f, one at each side of the compartment at diagonally opposite
corners, and to apply one gong or alarum to each carriage to which the cords
or wires a from every compartment of that carriage are connected.
The working is as follows:-Supposing any passenger to make an alarm
by pulling the particular cord a attached to the compartment in which he is
sitting, the alarum 6 will be sounded and the bell cranks c in that compart-
ment will turn on their pins c³, so as to release the forks d from the notches e;
the springs h then act to cause the signal rods f in that compartment to be
protruded from the side of the carriage. The sound will be communicated
to the guard at the back of the train, who on reaching the carriage will know
by the signal rods protruded from which compartment the alarum has been
sounded.
Instead of or in addition to the spring signal rods f last described, I
connect the slide of a lamp to the passenger cord to enable the signal to be
visible at night.
Figure 7 is an end view of part of a carriage with a lamp fitted thereto for
the
purpose just mentioned. j is the lamp on one side of the carriage, and
k, k, are two slides or "blinkers" at the back and front of the lamp. The
slides k, k, are weighted at their inner ends, and are held in their position
over the lamp glasses by a pin which passes over the slides and enters a hole
in an upright . When the cord a is pulled, the pin which is connected to
the cord by a chain, is drawn out of the upright 1, and the weighted end of
the slides k, k, falls, raises the other ends clear of the lamp glasses, and the
signal is visible. When the signal rod, gong, and lamp are used, the same
pull of the cord effects three objects. It liberates the signal rod, sounds the
gong, and shews the lampt light.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,-
First, effecting communications in railway trains between passengers and

page_text: guards, substantially by the means herein-before described with reference to
Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying Drawings.
Second, effecting communications in railway trains between passengers and
guard, substantially by the means herein-before described, with reference to
Figures 3 to 7 of the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edmund Tattersall, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of January, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-five.
EDMUND TATTERSALL. (L.B.)