Improvements in Noiseless Tyres for Wheels and in the Means for Securing the same.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Nov., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Aug., 1890-Accepted, 27th Sept., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Noiseless Tyres for Wheels and in the Means for
Securing the same.
1 CHARLES CHALLINER of 15 Plymouth Avenue Longsight Manchester in the County
of Lancaster Manager do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention is designed principally for adapting noiseless tyres to the wheels of
railway platform luggage wagons, barrows trolleys and similar vehicles, but the
invention is also applicable to the wheels of carriages used upon common roads.
The object of the invention is to afford a means of gripping or holding the rubber
tyre perfectly firm without its being, subjected to severe compression or heavy strain
as is the case when the rubber is compressed and forced into a metal grooved tyre of
an undercut section by means of a powerful machine.
This compression and strain destroys or diminishes the elasticity of the base of the
rubber causing it also to take a permanent "set" whereby it soon becomes loose.
To obviate this I make the rubber of the size and form (or nearly so) which it is
intended to assume when in the grooved tyre, and I vulcanize onto the base thereof
a steel, or other suitable metal ring segment or strip, which is the width of the
groove (or rather "full") the said metal tyre being preferably of an angular or
Lshape with a projecting bead on the inner side of the top edge.
The metal based rubber ring, segments or strips are then placed round this
Lshaped tyre and secured in position by a ring or segments (bolted securely to the
felloe or outer rim of the wheel) which thus forms a channel with parallel sides and
internal beads and when the said ring or segments is or are firmly screwed up into
position they grip the edges of the steel base of the rubber tyre on both sides thus
holding it so securely in its place that it is impossible for it to become loose in the
groove when in use, without any undue strain or compression upon the rubber itself
or any diminution of its elasticity and in the event of its renewal or repair being
required this can be effected by merely removing the ring or segment without any
necessity for sending the wheel back to the works.
In some cases I propose as an additional security to make the steel base slightly
wider than the groove and to grip each edge thereof in a shallow recess made in
the inner sides of the groove and ring for that purpose.
I may vulcanize the steel base to the rubber in straight lengths and then bend
them to the circumference of the wheel when being fixed into position. Or I may
form a steel ring which is split or divided at one point with a perfect or undivided
rubber ring, or it may be preferable to split or divide the rubber ring also at one
point.
With regard to the trolly wheel I form it in two parts one cast with the body of
the wheel forming the base and one side of the groove with its internal bead, as
previously described and the other in the form of a flange or ring the outer portion
of which forms the second side of the groove or channel and when bolted on firmly
grips the vulcanized steel base of the rubber, and holds it in position.
The inner side of the ring is made conical and fits into a corresponding groovo
cast or formed in the side of the body of the wheel so that when the said ring is
bolted into its place it is thereby held firmly in position and is not liable to work
loose. and as in the former case when these rubber tyres are worn out or requires to
be repaired or replaced all that is necessary is to remove the ring, replace the whole
or a portion of the steel based rubber and then bolt the ring firmly in its place again
which can be done by any ordinary workman.
In some cases I propose to perforate the steel rings or strips before applying the

page_text: india rubber thereto so that the latter can pass through the perforations and when the
whole is vulcanized together the rubber will be so secure that it will be impossible for
it to become detached from the steel.
Dated this 25th day of November 1889.
GEORGE DAVIES,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Noiseless Tyres for Wheels and in the Means for
Securing the same.
I CHARLES CHALLINER of 15 Plymouth Avenue Longsight Manchester in the
County of Lancaster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings:-
This invention is designed principally for adapting noiseless tyres to the wheels of
railway platform luggage wagons, barrows, trolleys and similar vehicles but the
invention is also applicable to the wheels of carriages used upon common roads.
The object of the invention is to afford a means of gripping or holding the rubber
tyre perfectly firm without it being subjected to severe constant compression or heavy
strain as is the case when the rubber is compressed and forced into a metal grooved
tyre of an undercut section by means of a powerful machine.
This compression and strain destroys or diminishes the elasticity of the base of the
rubber causing it also to take a permanent set" whereby it soon becomes loose.
To obviate this I make the rubber of the size and form (or nearly so) which it is
intended to assume when in the grooved tyre and I vulcanize to the base thereof a
steel or other suitable metal ring segment or strip.
The tyre upon which the rubber is placed is of an angular or L shape with a
projecting bead or overhang on the inner side of the top edge.
The metal based rubber ring segments or strips are then placed round this shaped
tyre and secured in position by a ring or segments (bolted securely against a flange
upon the aforesaid tyre) thus forming a channel with parallel sides and internal beads
and when the said ring or segments is or are firmly secured up into position they
grip the edges of the steel base of the rubber tyre on both sides thus holding it so
securely in its place that it is impossible for it to become loose in the groove when in
use without any undue strain or compression upon the rubber itself or any diminution
of its elasticity and in the event of its renewal or repair being required this can be
effected by merely removing the rubber ring or segment without any necessity for
sending the wheel back to the works.
I may vulcanize the steel base to the rubber in straight lengths and then bend
them to the circumference of the wheel when being fixed into position.
I may also form a steel ring which is split or divided at one point with a perfect or
undivided rubber ring or it may be preferable to split or divide the rubber ring also
at one point.
With regard to the trolly wheel I form it in two parts one cast with the body of
the wheel forming the base and one side of the groove with its internal bead as
previously described and the other in the form of a flange or ring the outer portion
of which forms the second side of the groove or channel. The said flange or ring
when bolted on firmly grips the vulcanized on steel base of the rubber and holds it
in position.
The inner side of the ring or a projection thereon is made conical and fits into a
corresponding groove cast or formed in the side of the body of the wheel so that
when the said ring is bolted into its place it is thereby supported firmly in position
and is not liable to work loose and as in the former case when these rubber tyres are
worn out or require to be repaired or replaced all that is necessary is to remove the
ring, replace the whole or a portion of the steel based rubber and then bolt the ring
firmly in its place again which can be done by any ordinary workman

page_text: In some cases I propose to perforate the steel rings or strips before applying the
india rubber thereto so that the latter can pass through the perforations and when
the whole is vulcanized together the rubber will be so secure that it will be impossible
for it to become detached from the steel.
To render my said invention perfectly clear I will now describe the same with
reference to the annexed sheet of drawings.
Fig. 1 of the said drawings is a cross section of a carriage wheel felloe to which my
invention is shown applied.
Fig. 2 is a side view of a portion of the said felloe.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of the rubber tyre and metal base vulcanized thereto showing
the perforations to assist in uniting the base to the rubber.
Fig. 4 is a side view of a trolly wheel suitable for use on railway platforms and in
other situations where a noiseless wheel of the indicated nature is desirable.
Fig. 5 is a cross section of Fig. 4.
Referring first of all to Figs. 1 to 3 of the drawings I fit the carriage wheel felloc a
with a metal ring the sectional form of which is clearly shown in Fig. 1. This
ring is shrunk on and rivetted or screwed to the felloe a as for example by means
of screws e shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1. The shrinking on of the ring binds the
wheel firmly together. It will be seen that the portion of the ring forms one side
of the trough shaped annular recess which contains and confines the base of the rubber
tyre . The other side of the recess is constituted by the separate and removable
ring which is clamped to the side of the ring by bolts f which pass through the
felloe and through the side flange of the ring b. The ring band the ringe when thus
put together form an annular recess having overhanging sides as clearly shown in the
drawings.
The rubber tyre d of the sectional form shown in the drawings may form one com-
plete ring or it may be formed of segments and it has vulcanized to its inner
circumference or base a metallic ring y. The rubber tyre may be made of the
sectional form shown in the drawings or of a form approximately thereto or it may be
made with perfectly straight sides afterwards pinched or compressed into the form
shown in the drawings by the application and screwing up of the bolted on side ring c.
To assist in securing the rubber tyre d to the metallic base ring I form the said
base ring with countersunk holes (indicated in Fig. 3). Before vulcanization
the rubber of the tyre is squeezed through these boles thus forming as it were rubber
rivets which after and in conjunction with the vulcanizing process unite the rubber
tyre and the base ring in an extremely secure manner. By the addition of this
metallic base ring g to the rubber tyre d and the uniting of the two homogeneously in
the manner described I obtain a rubber tyre with a very rigid strong and unyielding
base which effectually prevents any possibility of the tyre being worked out of its
annular trough or recess. This rigid base prevents the rubber from stretching and
becoming loose when running and also prevents the rubber when partly worn from
buckling or becoming hollow or concave at the base. By means of my improvements
I an enabled to hold the rubber tyre in position without putting so excessive a
pinching and compressing strain upon the sides as has hitherto been the case with
rubber tyres inserted or forced into vee or other undercut section rings by means of
powerful machines. The consequence is that a rubber tyre fitted in accordance with
my invention retains its nature and elasticity for a much longer time. Another
advantage gained from my construction is that when the rubber tyre has to be
renewed it is not necessary to send the whole wheel to the factory for by loosening
the bolts and removing the side ring e the rubber tyre and its metallic base can be
easily removed and a fresh rubber tyre mounted upon and vulcanized to the old base
ring. The said base ring is made somewhat less in width than the width of the
bottom of the annular groove so that the rubber when vulcanized thereto projects
slightly over the base ring. The effect of this is that when the base is compressed by.
the side ring e the rubber folds down over the edge of the base ring and thus inter-
poses a rubber cushion between the edges of the base ring and the sides of the annular

page_text: trough. The rubber tyre and the base ring might both be continuous and unbroken
or they might either or both be divided at a point or at points in their circumference.
Figs. 4 and 5 show a modification of my invention as applied to the construction of
railway platform trolly wheels. Except in minor detail there is no departure from
the principle of this invention as described with reference to the foregoing figs. and
similar parts are designated by similar letters. The trolly wheel which is of cast
metal is composed of two portions viz. the part & comprising the rim arms and central
boss and the ring e which is bolted to the side of b by the bolts f. It will be seen
that by thus bolting the two parts b and c together an annular groove is formed
having inwardly projecting or overhanging beads in which groove is confined the
rubber tyre d which is vulcanized upon the steel base ring 9 precisely as in the case
of the foregoing figs. To assist in steadying the ring e upon the wheel band to relieve
the bolts from the strain I form an annular recess with inclined side or sides
which admits a correspondingly shaped annular projector e¹ from the ring c.
The two parts of the wheel are thus knit together and mutually support each other.
In some cases to connect the base ring absolutely to the body of the wheel I
might cause it to project slightly past the rubber tyre and form the two sides of the
annular groove with recesses to receive these projecting edges of the base ring. The
base ring being thus positively held by the two sides of the groove would be more
likely to hold the rubber tyre with greater security. Instead of forming the two sides
composing the groove to hold the rubber tyre with inwardly projecting beads as shown
in the drawings I might make them of a vee hook or other undercut section which
would tend to grip or hold the rubber when the side ring is applied. Not only might
the rubber tyre and base ring be applied in sections but the side ringe might also be
composed of several segments.
*
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. In rubber tyred wheels of the indicated construction the employment of a rubber
tyre having an internal shield or base ring of steel or other suitable metal the said
base ring and the rubber being vulcanized cemented or otherwise securely connected
together whereby the base of the rubber tyre is strengthened and its working loose or
buckling hindered or prevented substantially as described and shown.
2. In a rubber tyred wheel a rubber tyre vulcanized or otherwise secured to a
metallic base ring in combination with an under-cut or other tyre groove one side of
which is comprised by a removable ring or segments of a ring, the said ring or
segments being secured to the side of the wheel groove or felloe substantially as
described and as illustrated.
3. In rubber tyred wheels the combination of the rubber tyre with the base
ring vulcanized or otherwise secured thereto ringside ring e and holding bolts f
substantially as described and shown.
Dated this 22nd day of August 1890
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James Square, Manchester, Agents.