IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE-SHOES AND IN APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING SAME
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of Kensington, Middlesex for
an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE-SHOES AND IN APPARATUS FOR
MANUFACTURING SAME A communication to him from abroad by Moses
Murry Marks, of Cincinnati, United States
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th March 1883.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE-
SHOES AND IN APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING SAME communicated to me from
abroad by Moses Murry Marks, of Cincinnati, United State.
The invention comprises a novel construction of machine wherewith either flat
or corrugated or ordinary calked horse-shoes can be readily made of any desired
size or shape.
This machine consists, essentially, of a pair of rolls journaled in a stout frame or
housing, and so geared together as to revolve in opposite directions.
One of these rolls, preferably the lower one, is provided with the "former" and
"die" that impart the desired shape to the blank or bar, and is also furnished with.
circumferential-grooves that guide a pair of shaping rollers or disks, which latter
bend the blank around said "former." The other roll is armed with a swage that
forces the blank down into the aforesaid "die", so as to form the corrugations,
creases, or calks on said blank, as more fully described hereafter.
The invention also comprises a novel process of manufacturing horse-shoes,
whereby the under or bearing surface of the same is rendered as hard as steel,
while the upper portion thereof is comparatively soft and pliable, thereby enabling
the blacksmith to shape the shoe when necessary so as to fit any kind of foot and
without being compelled to re-heat and injure the metal, as more fully described
hereafter.
The invention further comprises a specially constructed tempering-apparatus
wherewith said process is carried into operation, as more fully described hereafter.

page_text: The invention includes, as a new article of manufacture, a horse-shoe constructed
according to the process just referred to.
"
In the annexed drawing.
Fig 1 is a front elevation of bending machine. Fig 2 is a vertical section of the
same, taken transversely of the rolls. Fig 3 is an enlarged plan of a portion of the
lower roll, a blank being shown bent around the "former". Fig 4 is a front
elevation of the bridge and its accessories. Fig 5 is a section of the lower roll
taken transversely of its "former", a blank being shown bent around said
"former", and in the act of being forced down into the die by the swage of the
upper roll. Fig 6 is a perspective view of one form of blank used in manu-
facturing the shoe. Figs 7, 8 and 9, represent three different forms of the finished
shoe. Fig 10 is a vertical section of the tempering apparatus, a shoe being shown
thereon. Fig 11 is a longitudinal section of a shoe that has been tempered with
said apparatus.
A represents a stout frame or housing that affords journal bearings for a pair of
rolls B, C, the upper one of which, B, has power applied to it at b and transmits it
by a gear 6' to the corresponding wheel c¹, of the lower roll.
Roll B has bolted or otherwise secured to it one or more blocks D, each of which
is armed with a projecting swage d, of the same size and contour as the die of the
lower roll C. Said roll C has secured to it one or more blocks E, each of which
carries a "former" F, surrounded with a die G, said "former" being transversed
with a longitudinal groove f, for a purpose that will presently appear.
Furthermore, the die-block E is provided with a pair of grooves e e¹, that
correspond with the general shape of die G, the continuations of said grooves
being carried completely around the roll C, as is also the continuation of groove f.
Secured athwart the front of housing A is a bridge piece H, having two adjustable
guides h h¹, and a pair of adjustable rollers I I¹.
Applied athwart the rear of housing A is a bar J to which is pivoted at j j¹, a
pair of levers K K¹, the free or front ends of the latter having journaled in them the
shaping rollers or disks L L, the under portions of said rollers being reduced in
diameter at so as to run in the grooves e e¹ as seen in fig 5. Fastened to the
rear of the machine is an inclined delivery-chute M, having at its upper end a
tongue or stripper m, the point of which traverses the groove f, so as to free the
bent shoes from the dies G.
This chute discharges the bent shoes directly upon the tempering apparatus seen
in fig 10, where a water-tight box N is shown as provided with a wire screen or
perforated or slotted grid O, supported on bars P, the upper margin n of the box
projecting a suitable distance above said grid.
R is a pipe that feeds the cold water or other tempering liquid into the box N,
and S is a trough that conducts the heated water away from the apparatus.
When the machine is to be employed for bending a shoe having a double row
of corrugations, the blank is first rolled so as to afford two parallel sharp-
ridges T T separated by a longitudinal groove t, as seen in fig 6. The bottom
of dies G can be formed so as to indent or corrugate this blank in any desired
manner.
As represented in fig 7, the corrugations U of one ridge, alternate with the
calks of the opposite ridge, while in fig 8, said corrugations are directly in line
with each other. But in Fig 9, the ridges are very much truncated, and the
corrugations U are cut so as to communicate with each other, thereby leaving
elevations u disposed transversely of the shoe. In fig 11 the shoe is supposed to
have but a single row of calks arranged along its medium line, the darker portion V
of said shoe showing where it has been tempered or hardened, while the lighter
portion V', indicates where the metal has been left in its natural and untempered
condition.
To illustrate the various features of this invention, I will suppose it is desired
to manufacture horse-shoes whose lower or bearing surfaces are perfectly flat or
uncalked.

page_text: In this event, there is fitted in the roll C a block E, whose die G is smooth on
bottom, and the blank X, to be used therewith, must be a flat bar either of iron,
steel or other suitable metal. This blank is first re-heated, and is placed by the
attendant upon the guides h h as indicated by the dotted lines in fig 4, and the
machine being now set in motion, said blank is operated on in the following
manner.
As the rolls B, C, revolve in the direction indicated by the arrows in fig 2, it is
evident the blank will be caught at its mid length by the rounded or advancing
end of former F, and as the opposite ends of said blank are momentarily held by
the rollers II', of bridge piece H it is apparent said blank is gradually bent from
the middle. As soon as the blank has been carried a proper distance, the shaping
rollers L L' begin to act, said rollers being forced against the opposite edges of the
blank, on account of their diminished portions 11 traversing the cam grooves e e'.
Consequently, the blank X, is bent accurately around the former F, as seen in
fig 3.
Simultaneously with this bending operation, or instantly thereafter, the swage d
comes in contact with the upper surface of the blank and forces it down into the
die G, as represented in fig 5, thereby condensing the metal and giving a finish to
the shoe.
The continued revolution of roll C causes the tongue m to insert itself under the
toe of the bent shoe, thereby forcing the latter out of the die G, and leaving it at
liberty to slide down the chute M, on to the screen or perforated plate O.
This screen or rack having been set so as to allow but a very thin stratum of
water above it, it is apparent the lower surface of the shoe will be immersed in the
fluid, while its upper part will be exposed.
Therefore, the bottom or bearing surface of the shoe will be hardened to any
desired degree, but the upper portion thereof will retain the natural or untempered
condition of the metal. When the machine is to be used for manufacturing calked,
corrugated or roughened shoes, the block E, having the smooth die G inust be
removed from roll C, and another block must be applied thereto having a die
capable of producing the desired calks or corrugations.
The blank customarily employed for this purpose is represented in fig 6, which
blank after being re-heated is fed into the machine in the manner above described,
care being taken, however, to present the ridges T T' downwardly. When this
blank emerges from the machine, as a bent and corrugated shoe, it will be deposited
upon the screen O, which should now be adjusted so as to allow the water in box N
to reach about to the top of the cavities U, in order that the calks of said shoe
may be suitably hardened.
Whether a plain or calked shoe is made, the machine may be so arranged as to
cause the descending shoe to advance its predecessor along the grid O, so as to
render the tempering operation wholly automatic. Although the roll C, is shown
as provided with but three dies, yet a greater or less number may be employed
according to the capacity of the factory.
1. A horse-shoe bender, consisting of a pair of rolls arranged to revolve in
opposite directions, one of said rolls being provided with a former, a die and a set
of grooves that guide the bending rollers around the edges of the blank while the
latter is being shaped, the other roll being furnished with a swage that forces the
blank into said die, for the purpose described.
2. A horse-shoe bender, consisting of a roll B, provided with a series of
detachable swages D d, and an oppositely-revolving roll C, furnished with a series
of formers F, dies G, and grooves e e', which grooves guide the bending
rollers LL, around the edges of blank X, while the latter is being shaped, as
herein described.

page_text: 3. The roll C, having a series of formers F, dies G, guiding grooves e e¹, and a
stripping groove f, which latter is traversed by the delivery tongue m for the
purpose described.
4. In combination with the roll C, constructed and arrange as described, the
bridge piece H having the adjustable guides h h¹, and rollers I I', for the purpose
explained.
5. In combination with the roll C, constructed and arranged as described, the
pivoted levers j Kj K', carrying at their free ends the bending rollers LL¹¹
whose diminished portions traverse the guiding grooves e e¹ of said roll for the
purpose explained.
6. A horse-shoe bender consisting of the rolls B D d, CE c c¹ F f. G, bridge
piece H h h¹ I I¹, pivoted levers j K j¹ K', shaping rollers L l, L' l', and stripping
tongue m, as herein des ribed.
7. A tempering-apparatus, consisting of the liquid receptacle N, perforated
support and raised margin n, for the purpose described.
8. The herein described process of tempering horse-shoes, whereby the bearing
surface of the shoe is hardened, while the upper portion of the same remains
untempered, for the purpose stated.
9. As a new article of manufacture, a horse-shoe, the bearing surface of which
is hardened, while its upper portion remains untempered, for the purpose stated.
In witness whereof I the said Herbert John Haddan have hereunto set my
hand and seal this 9th day of March A.D. 1883. .
TT
T TADDANT
1