IMPROVEMENTS IN BLEACHING CERTAIN CLASSES OF COTTON FABRICS
Year: 1884

page_text: We FREDERICK ALBERT GATTY and FREDERICK ALFRED GATTY both of Hagg
Works, Accrington in the County of Lancaster, Dyers and Calico Printers, do
hereby declare the nature of said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN BLEACHING
CERTAIN CLASSES OF COTTON FABRICS, to be as follows:-
Our improvements relate to the bleaching of fabrics manufactured from white
and coloured yarns and the object of our Invention is to preserve the various
colours as much as possible from being injured during the operation of bleaching
the white yarn. By the present mode of bleaching, the colours of the above
named goods are often injured and are sometimes even destroyed altogether.
To carry out our Improvements we dispense with what is commonly called
kiering or boiling and proceed as follows:-We run the fabrics in an open beck or
cistorn for about twenty minutes to half an hour in soap and water at a tempera-
ture from one hundred and twenty degrees to one hundred and eighty degrees
Fahrenheit (120° to 180° F) or more or less according to the colours. The soap we
use is oil or fat soap; resin soap which is very much used by Bleachers we avoid,
being very injurious to colours. After the fabrics have been taken out of the soap.
they are washed and the excess of water squeezed out, they are then passed in
an open state through a solution of Chloride of lime from one to four degrees
of Twaddles Hydrometor in strength (or other bleaching liquor may be used)
squeezing out the excess of liquid by running them between tho rollers of the
padding machine and the fabrics aro immediately afterwards submitted to the
action of steam from one to two minutes in the way Calico Printers generally
treat their goods for restoring the whites after printing and dyeing.
Before the pieces enter the steam box they may bo run over hot cylinders.
When the fabrics come out of the steam box they are washed in water and
dried.
In some cases where the colours require it the fabrics are passed through a very
weak acid such as dilute Sulphuric or Murintic Acid and are then washed. For
certain colours which will not resist the action of soap we employ only pure water
in place of soap and water for the first operation.

page_text: We FREDERICK ALBERT GATTY and FREDERICK ALFRED GATTY, both of Hagg
Works, Accrington in the County of Lancaster, Dyers and Calico Printers do
hereby declare the nature of said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN BLEACHING
CERTAIN CLASSES OF COTTON FABRICS, and in what manner the same is to bo
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Our improvements relate to the bleaching of fabrics manufactured from white
and coloured yarns, and the object of the Invention is to preserve the various
colours as much as possible from being injured during the operation of bleaching
the white yarn.
By the present modo of bleaching, the colours of the above named goods are often
injured and are sometimes even destroyed altogether.
To carry out our Improvements wo dispense with what is commonly called
kiering or boiling and proceed as follows:-we run the fabrics in an open beck or
cistern for about twenty minutes to half an hour in soap and water at a tempera-
ture from 120° to 180° F (one hundred and twenty degrees to one hundred and
"eighty degrees Fahrenheit) or more or less according to the colours. The soap wo
use is oil or fat soap in sufficient quantity to produce a froth on the soap liquor.
After the fabrics have been taken out of the soap they are washed and the excess
of water squeezed out, they are then passed in an open state or otherwise through
a solution of Chlorido of Lime from one to four degrees of Twaddle's hydrometer
in strength (or other bleaching liquor may be used) squeezing out the excess of
liquid by running them between the rollers of the padding machine or in other
convenient manner and the fabrics are immediately afterwards submitted to the
action of steam from one to two minutes in the way Calico Printers generally treat
their goods for restoring the whites after printing and dyeing. Before the pieces
enter the steam box they may be run over hot cylinders.
When the fabrics come out of the steam box they are washed in water and
dried.
In some cases where the colours require it the fabrics are passed through a very
weak acid such as dilute Sulphuric or Muriatic acid and are then washed.
When a very pure white is not required and for certain colours which will not
resist the action of soap we employ only pure water in place of soap and water for
the first operation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed wo declare that what
we claim is
The improved process of bleaching certain classes of cotton fabrics which process
consists first, in treating the said fabrics in an open bock or cistern with soap and

page_text: water and then washing, or in certain cases treating them with water alone,
secondly, in treating the said fabrics with a solution of Chloride of Lime or its
equivalent and finally submitting the said fabrics to the action of steam, sub-
stantially in the manner and for the purposes herein described.
1
HAAR