Improvements in Carts or similar Vehicles.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Dec., 1889
Complete Specification Left. 2nd Sept. 1890-Accepted. 4th Oct., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Carts or similar Vehicles.
I, JOHN EDEY HAYES, of 199 City Road, in the County of Middlesex, Wheel-
wright, do hereby declare the nature of my invention to be as follows:-
:-
My invention relates to carts, or wagons the bodies of which are required to be
tilted, and has for its object the construction and arrangement of gearing whereby
this object can be effected with great facility and simplicity.
In order to show one way in which I carry my invention into effect I will now
describe it in connection with an ordinary tip wagon commonly used by contractors
and municipal authorities for the removal of dust, rubbish, and road slush, and other
similar material (similar to that patented to J. Watling under No. 288679).
Upon the main frame of the cart to which the wheels are attached and upon which
the body of the cart is carried I arrange in any convenient manner in the centre upon
cross bearers or other similar supports, a shaft supported in bearings attached to the
said bearers. Upon this shaft a screw thread cut. On either one end or other of
this shaft as may be convenient I provide a bevel cog wheel which shall gear into
another bevel cog wheel mounted upon a second shaft running at right angles to the
other and having its end opposite to that on which the bevel cog wheel is attached
extending beyond the frame of the cart and provided with a square or other suitable
shaped end to which an ordinary handle can be attached.
I arrange a nut of metal or other suitable material upon the screwed shaft the said
nut being provided with trunnions upon each side, convenient guides may be arranged
from bearer to bearer within which the end of the trunnion may engage;
1stly. In order to prevent the nut from turning.
2ndly. To resist any angular stress which may be exerted upon the nut, from
being communicated to the screw shaft; as the shaft might be bent by such
stress.
Upon the trunnions of the nut one end of the connecting rod is attached so as to
form a hinged joint, the other end of the connecting rod being attached to the bottom
of the cart with a similar hinged joint.
--
The operation of my improved tipping gear is as follows:-
Upon turning the handle at the side of the cart the first shaft is revolved, which
transmits its motion to the screwed shaft through the bevel wheels, the screw shaft
in its turn operates upon the screw nut and moves it upon the shaft in a backward
direction.
This backward motion is communicated by the connecting rod to the body of the
cart, and is continued until the cart body is forced back in a horizontal direction and
position, over the tail of the framework, when the ordinary stops upon the said body
which engage
in slotted guides upon each side of the said frame reach the end of such
guides; the operation of turning the gearing being continued the front part of the
cart body to which the connecting rod is attached will be forced in an upward
direction into such a position as to discharge its contents when the back door or flap
is released.
I do not confine myself to the application of my invention to this cart only but
I employ it in any ordinary agricultural cart either with two wheels or four to
effect the tipping of the same and also to regulate the load upon the horse's back when
ascending or descending a hill.
Dated this 2nd day of December 1889
FELL & WILDING,
1, Queen Victoria Street, E.C., Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Carts or similar Vehicles.
I, JOHN EDEY HAYES of 199 City Road, in the County of Middlesex, Wheel-
wright, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention relates to carts or wagons the bodies of which are required to be
tilted and has for its object the construction and arrangement of gearing whereby this
object can be effected with great facility and simplicity.
In order to show one way in which I carry my invention into effect I will now
describe it in connection with the ordinary tip wagons generally used by contractors
and municipal authorities for the removal of dust, rubbish road slush or other
similar material, such cart being similar to that patented to J. Watling under
No. 288679.
In order that my invention may be the better understood I will now describe it in
relation to the drawings hereunto annexed reference being had to the letters and
figures marked thereon.
Upon the main frame of the cart to which the wheels are attached and upon
which the body of the cart is carried I arrange in a convenient manner as for
instance in the centre upon the cross bearers A or other similar supports a
shaft B supported in bearings C attached to or forming a part of the said
bearers A.
Upon this shaft Ba screw thread D is cut and upon one end of the said shaft B
I firmly attach a bevel wheel E so as to gear into a second bevel wheel F which is
mounted upon another shaft G running at right angles to the shaft B, the shaft G
being provided with a suitable end of square or other shape upon which an ordinary
handle H may be attached.
I arrange a nut J of metal so as to engage upon the screw D. This nut J is
provided with trunnions L upon each side which shall engage in suitable guides K
arranged on the frame of the cart the object of thus supporting the nut being first
to prevent it from turning and secondly to resist any angular stress which may be
exerted upon the nut and to prevent such stress being communicated to the spindle B
thus obviating any risk of bending the latter. Upon the trunnions L of the nut J
a connecting rod M is jointed so as to form a hinged joint the other end of the
connecting rod being attached to the bottom of the cart with a similar hinged
joint at N.
Upon the shaft G I arrange a toothed wheel which when the body of the cart is in
a horizontal position upon its frame gears with a rack P attached to the underside of
the cart body.
The forward end of the shaft B is reduced in diameter that is the thread is turned
off allowing the nut J to slide along it with ease.
The operation of my improved tipping gear is as follows:-
Upon turning the handle H at the side of the cart the shaft G revolves which
transmits its motion to the shaft B through the bevel wheels E and F.
The tooth wheel O is also operated. This wheel engaging in the rack P forces the
body of the cart in a backward direction until there is a sufficient overhang of the
load over the tail of the frame to overbalance it.
The body of the cart cannot however move any further as the nut J has
begun to engage with the screw thread D consequently the final tipping is effected
quietly with no destruction to the cart or the wharf or place upon which the cart
is being tipped as has previously been the case with carts of a similar description
without tipping gear.
It is obvious that when the body of the cart begins to tip the rack P will disengage
itself from gearing with the toothed wheel Othus allowing the motion of the screw

page_text: which is considerably slower than that of the rack and wheel to be proceeded with
without interfering with the latter.
Suitable stops R are usually provided upon the body of the cart which engage in
slotted guides S situated on the frame thus effectually preventing the body from being
entirely detached from the frame.
Instead of allowing the whole of the play upon the screwed shaft to permit of the
working of the rack I may equivalently arrange the top joint N of the connecting
rod to slide in a long slotted bridle situated on the underside of the body thus either
dividing the dead play between both ends of the rod or allowing it to be effected at
either one end or the other.
It is obvious I may carry out my invention without departing in any way from
the same by baving the shaft B with a thread the whole length thereof so that the nut
both forces back the body of the cart and regulates the tipping at the same time, in
this case the toothed wheel and rack would not be required but the operation of tipping
would occupy rather longer than with my other arrangement.
I do not confine myself to the application of my invention to this cart only as
described but I may employ it in any ordinary agricultural or other cart either with
two or four wheels to effect the tipping of the same and also to regulate the load upon
the horses back when ascending or descending a hill.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that
what I claim is :-
1st. The mechanism for forcing back and regulating the tipping of the body of the
cart, by means of a screwed shaft operated by suitable gearing a nut engaging on
the said shaft and connected by a connecting rod to the underside of the body of the
cart substantially as described.
2nd. In combination with such gearing as described and claimed in claim 1 a
toothed wheel arranged to rotate simultaneously with the said screwed shaft which
shall engage with the rack situated on the underside of the body of the cart a certain
amount of dead play being provided for the connecting rod or the nut substantially
as and for the purposes described.
3rd. The construction and arrangement of tipping gear for a cart, substantially as
described and illustrated in the drawings.
Dated this 30th day of August 1890.
FELL & WILDING,
1, Queen Victoria Street, E.C., Agents for the Applicant.