IMPROVEMENTS IN MOTIVE-POWER MACHINES
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Clément Guy, Mechanician, of the City of Paris, in the
Republic of France, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOTIVE-POWER
MACHINES."
aled the 3rd December 1878, and dated the 7th June 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Clément Guy at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th June 1878.
CLEMENT GUY, Mechanician, of the City of Paris, in the Republic of France.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MOTIVE-POWER MACHINES."
The apparatus forming the subject of the present Invention is a four-wheeled
vehicle easily moved backwards or forwards, and producing a motive power of con-
siderable force, capable of drawing after it a train of wagons or carriages for use as
transports, either of passengers or merchandise.
The motive power originates in the mechanism, so that the vehicle moves simply
by hand, neither steam nor electricity being employed; one of the characteristic
features of the Invention being a combination of traction levers which perfectly
simulate the action of a horse.
'
The accompanying Drawing, which is an end view of the vehicle, will more
clearly explain the nature of the Invention, by aid of the following description.
The transmission of motion by the action of a simple pedal in communication
with the lever motor D and the governing shaft, not shown in the Drawing, is a
novel feature.
The motor cylinder has a rocking motion given by the driver's pedal, which by a
shaft transmits it to the governing shaft; this latter bears at its end a grooved
pulley transmitting the motion received by the pedals D and d by aid of an
ordinary endless chain k to a second grooved pulley f1 fixed to one of the ends of
the governing shaft F, which has four cranks, and on which shaft the traction levers
above mentioned are placed.

page_text: The frame of the vehicle supporting the four wheels is of a rectangular form for
receiving the mechanism, and is similar to that of an ordinary vehicle. The fore
carriage a, with which the guide a¹ communicates, consists of the two fore wheels,
which are in connection with the guide by a vertical shaft, at whose upper end is a
crank handle and a graduated quadrant. This guide is used similarly to that of all
mechanical vehicles merely for directing the carriage.
The driver sits on the seat B, arranged so that he can easily work the pedals D
and d which set the carriage in motion, whilst he can easily guide the carriage
with the hands by means of the guide a² and the driving lever or bar H.
The pedals transmit the alternative motion of the feet to the governing shaft
with two cranks (not shown in the Drawing, but which is just beneath and in rear
of the driver's seat). This shaft bears a fly wheel C and two grooved governing
pulleys; an endless chain k engaged in the groove of one of the pulleys engages
also in the groove of one of the pulleys for f¹, to communicate the motion received
to the four-cranked shaft F bearing the traction levers G and g.
The fly wheel C is destined to increase the force of the motive power, which is in
a great measure produced by the pedal lever motor D, which is kept in constant
motion by the pedal itself, placed under the seat. This pedal lever D is fixed by
an articulated shaft to a crank of the shaft, not shown, but recently mentioned, to
set this shaft in motion. A second pedal, forming part of the lever d, communicates
by a jointed shaft with the second crank of the shaft, not shown.
The motion produced on this latter shaft by the pedals is transmitted by the
chain k to the four-cranked shaft F; each of these cranks bears two traction
levers G and g, one for the forward and one for the backward movement. At each
quarter revolution produced by the two-crank shaft (not shown) a traction lever
strikes the earth in a regular and alternate manner, and the shaft F in accomplishing
a complete revolution forces the vehicle to advance or recede at the will of the
driver.
It should be mentioned that this ingenious arrangement renders the use of the
pedals almost nil when once the motor is in motion, when the pedals are then only
utilized to increase or diminish the speed.
Stoppage is effected by a brake of any kind. Traction is produced by the
advancing levers G and backing levers g; the direction of their action takes place
by aid of a lever H placed at the side of the driver's seat.
In order that the working of the traction levers may take effect regularly and
without difficulty they are kept in a constant position by the application of the
guides L to each lever. The motor cylinder rocks constantly during motion; it is
this disposition which serves for the automatical production of a powerful force in
connection with that of the cylinder.
The rocking motion is maintained regular by the application of two guide springs r.
Setting in motion the principal organs of the apparatus above mentioned is effected
by the pedals, the application of the transmitting pulleys f, f, the connecting chains
of the levers G and g, and finally of the endless chain k used for working the fly
and transmitting pulley f¹.
The lever motor D may be raised above the frame of the carriage, instead of
being below it, and so gain an increase of power. Starting this lever also is effected
by a combination of articulated levers arranged in the form of a parallelogram, and
the guide springs r of the motor lever by their elasticity keep the motor lever D
always in motion, and thus increase the traction power.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Clément Guy in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 5th December
1878.
_CLÉMENT GUY, Mechanician, of the City of Paris, in the Republic of France.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MOTIVE-POWER MACHINES."
The apparatus forming the subject of the present Invention is a four-wheeled
vehicle easily moved backwards and forwards, and producing a motive power of
considerable force, capable of drawing after it a train of waggons or carriages, for
use as transports either of passengers or merchandize.
The motive power originates in the mechanism, so that the vehicle moves simply
by hand, neither steam nor electricity being employed, a single driver sufficing to
put this machine and its train of carriages in motion on a roadway, one of the
characteristic features of the Invention being a combination of traction levers which
perfectly simulate the action of a horse.
The accompanying Drawings, aided by the following description thereof, will
more clearly illustrate the nature of the Invention.
Fig. 1 is a side view of the apparatus; Fig. 2 is a hind view of the same; Fig 3, a
plan; and Fig. 4, a modification of the same principle.
The transmission of motion by the action of a simple pedal in communication
with the lever motor D and the governing shaft E is a novel feature. It is the
application of this lever motor D, simply formed of a sheet-iron cylinder, in the
combination of the governing shaft E, bearing the rod of this cylinder, and in the
disposition of the cranked driving shaft F and axis of the traction levors, that
the novelty of the mechanism consists, and for which I make express reserve, this
mechanical combination being entirely new.
The motor cylinder has a rocking motion given to it by the driver's pedal, which
by a rod transmits it to the governing shaft E; this latter bears at its end a grooved
pulley transmitting the motion received by the pedals D and d by aid of an
ordinary endless chain k to a second grooved pulley f' fixed to one of the ends of
the governing shaft F, which has four cranks, and on which shaft the traction
levers G, g, above mentioned are placed.
The frame A of the vehicle supporting the four loose wheels is of rectangular
form for receiving the mechanism, and is similar to that of an ordinary vehicle in
which the wheels are independent of the motion produced by the pedal. The fore
carriage a, with which the guide a' communicates, consists of the two fore wheels,
which are in connection with the guide by a vertical shaft, at whose upper end is a
handle and a graduated quadrant. This guide is used similarly to that of all
mechanical vehicles merely for directing the carriage.
The driver sits on the seat B, arranged so that he can easily work the pedals D
and d which set the carriage in motion, whilst he can easily guide the carriage with
the hands by means of the guide a' and the driving lever or bar H.
The pedals transmit the alternating motion of the feet to the two-cranked
governing shaft E; this shaft bears a fly wheel C and two grooved governing
pulleys e, e¹. An endless chain k engaged in the groove of one of these pulleys e or e¹
engages also in the groove of one of the pulleys for f¹, to communicato the motion
received to the four-cranked shaft F bearing the traction levers G and g.
The fly wheel C is destined to increase the force of the motive power, which is in
a great measure produced by the pedal lever motor D, which is kept in constant
motion by the pedal itself placed under the seat. This pedal lever D is fixed by
an articulated shaft to a crank of the shaft E to set this latter in motion. A second
pedal forming part of the lever d communicates by a jointed rod with a second
crank of the shaft E.
The motion produced on the shaft E by the pedals is transmitted by the chain k
to the four-cranked shaft F; each of these cranks bears two traction levers G, g,

page_text: one for the forward and the other for the backward movement. At each quarter
revolution produced by the shaft E a traction lever strikes the earth in a regular
and alternate manner, and the shaft F in accomplishing a complete revolution forces
the vehicle to advance or recede at the will of the driver.
It should be mentioned that this ingenious arrangement renders the use of the
pedals almost nil when once the motor is in motion, when the pedals are then only
utilized to increase or diminish the speed.
Stoppage is effected by a brake of any kind. Traction is produced by the
advancing levers G and backing levers g; the direction of their action takes place
by aid of a lever bar H placed at the side of the driver's seat.
In order that the working of the traction levers may take effect regularly and
without difficulty they are kept in a constant position by the application of the
guide L, which directs each drawing or backing lever. The motor cylinder while
the carriage is in motion constantly rocks; it is this disposition which serves for
the automatical production of a powerful force corresponding with that of the
cylinder.
The rocking motion is maintained regular by the application of two guido
springs r. Setting in motion or starting the principal organs of the apparatus above
mentioned is effected by the pedals, the application of the transmitting pulleys ff',
the connecting chains h, h¹, of the traction levers G, g, and finally of the endless
chain k used for working the fly and transmitting pulley f¹.
It has been remarked that the motive power in my apparatus, which I denominate
the "universal motor, was in great measure produced by the lever motor D. This
lever of a certain power is actuated by the combination of the governing and
driving shafts, which are cranked.
The lever motor D, Figs. 1, 2, and 3, is placed between the wheels and under the
frame A. As shown in Figure 4 this lever is placed above the frame, so as to
increase the motive power. The starting mechanism of this lever D consists of
articulated levers, represented by the dotted lines; these levers more or less com-
plicated form a parallelogram; this arrangement necessitates changing the position
of the springs of the lever D, as shown in this Figure; their elasticity always
keeps the lever D in motion, and by this means increases the drawing or tractive
power of the machine. The same letters of reference indicate like parts in the
several Figures.
In witness whereof, I, the said Clément Guy, have hereunto set my hand and
and seal, this Third day of December, in the year of our Lord One thousand
CLEMENT GUY. (L.S.)