IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS USED FOR LUBRICATING VALVES AND PISTONS, AND OTHER PORTIONS OF LOCOMOTIVES AND OTHER ENGINES WORKED BY STEAM, AIR, GAS, OR VAPOUR
Year: 1860

page_text: .
LETTERS PATENT to George Spencer, of No. 6, Cannon Street West,
London, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS
OR APPARATUS USED FOR LUBRICATING VALVES AND PISTONS, AND OTHER
PORTIONS OF LOCOMOTIVES AND OTHER ENGINES WORKED BY STEAM, AIR, GAS,
OR VAPOUR."-A communication from abroad by Joseph Marks, of
Hamilton, in the County of Wentworth, Canada.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said. George Spencer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th July 1860.
I, GEORGE SPENCER, of No. 6, Cannon Street West, London, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS USED FOR LUBRICATING VALVES AND PISTONS,
AND OTHER PORTIONS OF LOCOMOTIVES AND OTHER ENGINES WORKED BY STEAM, AIR,
GAS, OR VAPOUR," to be as follows:-
My improvements consist of certain apparatus by which means the steam,
air, gas, or vapour used as a motive power in engines can be impregnated with
oil, tallow, or other suitable lubricating material in a finely divided state,
thereby effecting a uniform, certain, and economical lubrication of all the
wearing parts of machinery, such as valves, pistons, cylinders, piston rods, and
valve spindles.

page_text: The apparatus consists of a hollow case or box, which I make cylindrical,
by preference fixed to some convenient part of the boiler or engine, into which
case the steam from the boiler is brought, for the purpose of being impregnated
with the lubricating material. In the inside of the box or case I place two
perforated plates, having between them a mass of some suitable porous
packing, such as cotton wick, worsted, sponge, asbestos, wire gauze, or fine
wire twisted together, or in combination with other matter or porous earthen-
ware; or cylinders and tubes may be used to admit of the passage of the steam
through them. These plates are held together by distance pieces and rivets,
so as to confine the porous packing. The steam is brought into the case or
box from the boiler by a pipe, which is furnished with a stop-cock, and con-
dueted down to the bottom of the case or box into a space left under the
bottom perforated plate, from whence it rises up through the porous mass into
a space left over the top perforated plate, and is conducted away to the
cylinder or part to be lubricated by a pipe passing through the top of the case.
The oil or lubricating material is admitted into the space over the top per-
forated plate by a pipe fixed into the top of the case, and furnished with an
oil cup to admit the oil, and also a stop-cock to confine the steam when the
.stop-cock in the steam pipe from the boiler is open. By this means the steam
in passing from the boiler to the part to be lubricated is impregnated with the
oil or lubricating material. When this cock is opened to admit the oil or
lubricating material, another cock fixed on the top of the case is opened to
allow of the escape of air, which is to closed when the steam cock in the pipe
from the boiler is open.
In showing how the impregnating apparatus works, I should state, that the
pipe on the bottom end is screwed into the boiler, or its equivalent, the stop-
cock is shut off, and a sufficient quantity of lubricating material to saturate
the porous packing, or its equivalent, is put into the impregnating apparatus.
Then open the stop-cock, and the steam, air, gas, or vapour, will pass up
through the porous packing and become impregnated with lubricating
material, and each time the valve moves off, the steam, air, gas, or vapour
ports to induct steam, air, gas or vapour into the cylinders, the pressure of
steam, air, gas, or vapour in the steam, air, gas, or vapour chest when the
engine is in motion is not so great as it is in the impregnating apparatus,
which is in immediate connection with the boiler, which difference of pressure
allows a portion of steam, air, gas, or vapour from the impregnating apparatus
to pass into the steam, air, gas, or vapour chest, anul cylinder, keeping them
in a continual state of lubrication.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Spencer in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
16th January 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
SPENCER, of No. 6, Cannon Street West, London, Civil Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of July, in the year of our Lord Ono
thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
George Spencer, Her special licence that I, the said George Spencer, my exc-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George
Spencer, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS
OR APPARATUS USED FOR LUBRICATING VALVES AND PISTONS, AND OTHER PORTIONS
OF LOCOMOTIVES AND OTHER ENGINES WORKED BY STEAM, AIR, GAS, OR VAPOUR,"
a communication to me from abroad by Joseph Marks, of Hamilton, in the
County of Wentworth, Canada, upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said George Spencer, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Spencer, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My improvements consist of certain apparatus by which means the steam,
air, gas, or vapour used as a motive-power in engines can be impregnated
with oil, tallow, or other suitable lubricating material in a finely divided state,
thereby effecting a uniform, certain, and economical lubrication of the wearing
parts of machinery, such as valves, pistons, cylinders, piston rods, and valve
spindles.
In the annexed Drawing I have shown one form of my apparatus, Figure 1.

page_text: being an outside elevation; Fig. 2, a section taken through a, b; Fig. 3, a
section taken through c, d. In these Figures of the Drawing, as well as in
the description, the same letters refer to the same parts of the apparatus.
The apparatus consists of a hollow case or box A, which I make cylindrical,
by preference, fixed to some convenient part of the boiler or engine, into which
case the steam from the boiler is brought for the purpose of being impregnated
with the lubricating material. In the inside of the box or case A, I place
two perforated plates C and C', having between them in the space F a mass
of some suitable porous packing, such as cotton wick, worsted, sponge,
asbestos, wire gauze, or fine wire twisted together, or in combination with:
other matter, or porous earthenware, or cylinders and tubes may be used to
admit of the passage of the steam through them. These plates are held
together by distance pieces D and rivets E, so as to confine the: porous.
packing. The steam is brought into the case or box from the boiler by a:
pipe B, which is furnished with a stop-cock G, and conducted down to the
bottom of the case or box into a space J left under the bottom perforated
plate, (the perforations in the plates C and C₁ are not shown in the
Drawing,) from whence it rises up through the porous mass in F into a
space J left over the top perforated plate C, and is conducted away to the
cylinder or part to be lubricated by a pipe H passing through the top of the
case. The oil or lubricating material is admitted into the space over the top
perforated plate by a pipe fixed into the top of the case, and furnished with
an oil cup I to admit the oil, and also a stop-cock 1' to confine the steam
when the stop-cock in the steam pipe from the boiler is open. By this means
the steam in passing from the boiler to the part to be lubricated is impregnated
with the oil or lubricating material. When this cock l' is opened to admit
the oil or lubricating material, another cock M fixed on the top of the case is
opened to allow of the escape of air, which is to be closed when the steam
cock G in the pipe from the boiler is open.
In showing how the impregnating apparatus works, I should state that the
pipe B on the bottom end is screwed into the boiler, or its equivalent, the
stop-cock G is shut off, and a sufficient quantity of lubricating material to
saturate the porous packing in F, or its equivalent, is put into the impregnating
apparatus by the cup I, and at the same time opening the cock 1'. Then,
after shutting the cocks M and 1', open the stop-cock G, and the steam, air,
gas, or vapour will pass up through the porous packing in F, and become
impregnated with lubricating material, and each time the valve moves off, the
steam, air, gas, or vapour ports to induct steam, air, gas, or vapour into the
cylinders; the pressure of steam, air, gas, or vapour in the steam, air, gas, or

page_text: vapour chest when the engine is in motion is not so great as it is in the
impregnating apparatus, which is in immediate connection with the boiler,
which difference of pressure allows a portion of steam, air, gas, or vapour from
the impregnating apparatus to pass into the steam, air, gas, or vapour chest,
and cylinder, keeping them in a continual state of lubrication.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which it is performed, I may state that what I claim as new is the mode
or process herein described of saturating, mixing, or impregnating steam,
air, gas, or vapour with lubricating material for the lubrication of the working
parts of engines and machines worked by steam, air, gas, or vapour, by means
of an impregnating, mixing, or saturating apparatus containing any proper
lubricating material, through which the steam, air, gas, or vapour is made
to pass, and arranged and operating substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Spencer, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of January, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-one.
GEORGE SPENCER. (L.S.)
GEORGE SPENCER. (L.s.)