IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO PUMPS FOR WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Urias Bromley, George Crowe, and William James, all of
Chester, in the County of Chester, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
AND APPERTAINING TO PUMPS FOR WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Urias Bromley, George
Crowe, and William James at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on
the 6th July 1880.
URIAS BROMLEY, GEORGE CROWE, and WILLIAM JAMES, all of Chester, in the
County of Chester. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO PUMPS FOR
WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS."
We construct single acting pumps having, three, four, or more cylinders, formed
preferably in one casting, or separately; their inner ends open into a central
chamber, in which revolves a crank shaft, to which the pump pistons are connected
by suitable rods, so that when the crank shaft is rotated a reciprocating motion is
imparted to the pistons, and the central chamber being kept nearly filled with
lubricating material, a constant and efficient lubricating of the working parts is
effected, and their wear and tear reduced to a minimum. Upon the outer end of
each cylinder is bolted a cover, by means of which the pistons may be packed or
taken out and examined, and from the outer end of each cylinder a port is formed
to a valve box, containing valves and seats, by which means the injection and
ejection of the fluid being operated upon is effected. The crankshaft revolves in
suitable bearings; it may be coupled direct to any suitable prime-mover, or a
pulley or toothed wheel may be keyed upon shaft, when preferred.
These pumps may be applied for forcing water, air, and other fluids, and the
arrangement and construction of their working parts admit of their being driven
at a very great speed.
The arrangement of valve which we prefer consists of a single flat or slightly
rounded seating with numerous ports, one to each cylinder; a sheet of india rubber
or other flexible elastic material is fastened down to the centre, covering all the
ports. Every time there is a pressure under any part of the valve that part rises
and allows the water or other fluid to escape, the back pressure keeping it closed
ו.....

page_text: during the time when the cylinder is drawing. We do not bind ourselves to a
single valve for ingress and another for egress, as several independent pairs of
valves will do, one for each cylinder, but we prefer one pair for the lot; similarly,
we do not bind ourselves to the single material india rubber, as other materials
will do, the main point being to have such material that shall act as a hinge or flap
and be sufficiently elastic. to open and close instantly.
The two valve seats are usually placed one above another, the intervening space
being connected with the cylinders, so that as the pistons work their respective parts
of the valves alternately open. In such case of course each cylinder is rigidly
isolated from the other by divisions being placed between the seats, so that the
part of the valve relating to each cylinder shall work independently of the other
cylinders.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Urias Bromley, George Crowe, and William James in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 6th January 1881.
URIAS BROMLEY, GEORGE CROWE, and WILLIAM JAMES, all of Chester, in the
County of Chester. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO PUMPS FOR
WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS."
Our Invention is best described by the aid of the accompanying Drawings, in
which Fig. 1 is an end elevation; Fig. 2, side elevation; Fig. 3, vertical section on
line X, X, Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a side elevation with air vessel, showing the Invention
as adapted for an air pump; Fig. 5, section and partial elevation of valve; Fig. 6,
view (from beneath) of delivery valve seat and partitions; Fig. 7, view of inlet
valve seat; Figs. 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13 show alternative arrangements of valve.
In carrying out our Invention we construct single acting pumps, having two,
three, four, or more cylinders A, A, A, A; in the Drawings four are shown, formed.
preferably in one casting, but they can be cast separately if desired. Their inner
ends open into a central chamber B, in which revolves a crank shaft C, to which "
the pump pistons D, D, are connected by suitable connecting or eccentric rods E, E,
so that when the crank shaft is rotated a reciprocating motion is imparted to the
pistons D, D. The central chamber B being kept nearly filled with lubricating
material, a constant and efficient lubricating of the working parts is effected, and
their wear and tear reduced to a minimum. Upon the outer end of each cylinder
is bolted a cover F, by means of which the pistons may be packed or taken out
and examined, and from the outer end of each cylinder a port G is formed to a
valve box H, containing valves and seats, by which means the injection and
ejection of the fluid being operated upon is effected. The crank shaft revolves in
suitable bearings; it may be coupled direct to any suitable prime motor, or a
pulley or toothed wheel may be keyed upon shaft C when preferred.
These pumps may be applied for forcing water, air, and other fluids, and the
arrangement and construction of their working parts admit of their being driven
at a very great speed.
One arrangement of valve, which we prefer, consists of a single flat or slightly
rounded seating, Fig. 6, with numerous ports, one to each cylinder; a sheet of india-
rubber or other flexible elastic material h, Fig. 5, is fastened down to the centre,
covering all the ports. Every time there is a pressure under any part of the valve,
that part rises and allows the water or other fluid to escape, the back pressure
keeping it closed during the time when the cylinder is drawing. We do not bind
ourselves to a single valve for ingress and another for egress, as several independent
pairs of valves will do, one for each cylinder, but we prefer one pair for the lot;
similarly we do not bind ourselves to the single material india rubber, as other
materials will do, the main point being to have such material that shall act as a
hinge or flap and be sufficiently elastic to open and close instantly.
The two valve seats are usually placed one above another, the intervening space
being connected with the cylinders, so that as the pistons work their respective
parts of the valves alternately open. In such case of course each cylinder is
rigidly isolated from the other by divisions I being placed between the seats, so
that the part of the valve relating to each cylinder shall work independently of
the other cylinders. In the case cach quadrant of the valve seat is connected with
one cylinder A, and Fig. 6 already mentioned is the exit valve seat, and Fig. 7, the
entrance valve seat. These seats are shown in position in Fig. 5, the inlet valve
seat f.following the line Y, Y, of Fig. 7, and the exit valve seat and valve being in
elevation. The inlet valve consists of a circular piece of leather, which is divided
into four parts by the projections which are cast on the delivery valve seat,

page_text: Circular wrought iron plates are placed on each side of the leather in each division,
being bolted or rivitted together as shown.
Figs. 8 and 9 are two views, a section and plan, of bottom of another form of
valve apparatus that can be placed in the valve box of Fig. 5, and be substituted
for the valve apparatus shown in Figs. 6 and 7; in these L, L, L, L, are four
perforated cylinders. with external grooves turned opposite the perforations. In
these rubber rings are sprung to act as valves. The space M is open to the inlet
pipe the lower part is the entrance, the upper the exit valve. Figs. 10 and 11
show a modification of this form, in which a series of rubber rings are held down
by the four partitions N, N, shown broken in the section, and the cross pieces
shown in section O, O, respectively. This can also be fitted into the valve case of
Fig. 5, and the central space as before will therefore be open to the cylinder.
Fig. 12 shows another, form. in which the valves are held to their seats by
springs P, P, and Fig. 13 another form of delivery valve and seat, in which the
scat is divided into four compartments, and around which seat are stretched india-
rubber rings, these rings springing from their seats a fourth of their circumference
to suit the delivery of each cylinder alternately.
3
Having now described our Invention, and the best modes known to us of
carrying it into effect, we wish it to be understood that what we claim to be new
and desire to protect under the hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent, is,-
First. The arrangement of valves by which all the cylinders are served
independently by one group of valves on the same seat or set of adjoining seats,
all arranged substantially as and for the purposes described.
Second. The general combined arrangement and design of pumping apparatus,
substantially as rein described and specified.
المية
:
In witness whereof, we, the. said George Crowe and William James, for and
on behalf of ourselves and the said Urias Bromley, have hereunto set our
hands and seals, this Third day of January, 1880.
GEORGE CROWE.
(L.S.)
WILLIAM JAMES. (L.S.)