IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS."
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Collet and Jean Baptiste Denans
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th April 1876.
<<
HENRY COLLET and JEAN BAPTISTE DENANS, both of Paris, in the Republic of
France. IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS."
This Invention relates to an improved mode of constructing high pressure cocks
or valves, and consists in the employment of india-rubber valves or obturators, not
liable to deterioration or decay, and constituting at the same time a closing valve
or clack, and a gland or stuffing box. The Invention is applicable to apparatus of
every description for supplying and distributing water.
By the use of these two obturators united, that is to say, rigidly connected or
forming one, the deterioration of the glands and of the closing valve as well as all
liability to leakage are obviated. The arrangement combines other advantages
resulting from the elastic nature of the india-rubber, namely:-1st. Dispensing with
metal springs in apparatus for intermittent supply or self-closing. 2nd. Facility
in regulating a continuous supply. 3rd. Obviating the shocks or tendency of the
head of water to burst the pipe. A considerable reduction is also affected in the
cost of manufacture, whilst the apparatus is at the same time preserved from the
effects of frost, for in valves or obturators constructed according to this Invention
the india-rubber is capable of being compressed to a greater degree than that to
which the water would expand in freezing, so that a frost can in no way paralyse
the action of these cocks or valves.
According to this Invention it is proposed to employ a valve or obturator having
a disc embedded therein in the process of moulding, and also another obturator.or
piece of india-rubber acting as a stuffing box in which is embedded in like manner
a tube with a projection or flange. By the introduction into the obturators during
the process of moulding of rods, tubes, or discs, the desired effects of tension,
clasticity and compression are obtained without the deterioration of the material.
The two obturators are connected together by a rod, which is screwed and
soldered to the dise and passes through the tube before mentioned. Separating
washers are employed at the upper and under side of the obturator, forming the
gland, which washers serve to prevent leakage and ensure the regularity of com-
pression, and the whole is secured by a suitable tightening nut.
In applying the apparatus the valve (herein-after termed obturator No. 1) is
placed under a suitable seat, and the gland, herein-after designated obturator No. 2,
bears upon a projecting flange formed upon the body of the valve casing. By
D221

page_text: turning the nut before mentioned the tension of the obturator No. 2, and the com-
pression of the obturator No. 1, may be adjusted as required.
In operating the apparatus it is simply necessary to press upon the extremity
of the rod or upon the nut before mentioned in order to produce an opening between
the seat and the obturator No. 1. As soon as the pressure is removed the action
of the tension causes the parts to return to their original position, that is to say,
under the minimum effect produced by the screwing up of the nut so that while
it prevents any leakage the obturator No. 2 acts as a spring or recoil.
At the part|
where the obturator No. 2 is fitted the casing is made in two parts, screwed together,
by the operation of adjusting which the tightness and tension are completed.
According to another mode of applying the apparatus the valve is actuated by
means of a four-threaded screw which returns automatically, the upper part is
provided with a screwed cap or socket, by turning which, more or less, the valve
may be opened, the discharge is then continuous but regulated as desired, at the
same time allowing the valve sufficient play to admit of its being opened to its
full extent.
This arrangement of hydraulic valve has also the effect of annulling the shock
of the head of water, that is to say, the shock resulting from the sudden closing of
the outlet orifice for the water.
According to another modification the obturator No. 1 is provided at its lower
extremity with a tube moulded in one with it. In the hollow there is intro-
duced a metal rod which closes the tube or orifice when the apparatus is
opening, which latter operation may be effected by the act of depressing a lever
or otherwise. As soon as the flow of water ceases the water penetrates into the
tube, the shock is deadened both by filling up the hollow and by the elasticity or
yielding of the sides. Holes are provided in the sides of the tube for the escape
of the water when flowing, that is to say, when the valves are actuated.
According to a further modification the valve is isolated from the pressure by a
metal cover screwed to a tube or seat, which is provided at its circumference with
vertical triangular openings which graduate the supply.
The three constituent parts of the apparatus are connected by a soldered joint.
The apparatus may be otherwise modified whilst retaining the essential feature
of the obturators, forming a stuffing box and spring combined, and the different
parts may be connected together in various ways.
In the case of apparatus to be constructed for large supplies the valve or obturator
No. 1 may be surrounded by a metal box, in order to prevent the separation of the
sides of the obturators, the elasticity of which is increased by a compressible cushion
of india-rubber placed in their internal hollow.