IMPROVEMENTS IN SAFETY LOCKS
Year: 1885

page_text: I BENJAMIN JOSEPH BARNARD MILLS of the firm of Harris and Mills of
23 Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex Patent Agent do hereby
declare the nature of said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN SAFETY LOCKS a com-
munication to me from abroad by Jacques Emile Patin of 14 Passage Saulnier and
Mathurin Le Marchand of 39 Rue Myrrha both of Paris in the Republic of France
to be as follows:-
The Invention constituting the subject of the present application consists of a
system of lock combined with an external bolting bar the closing of which is
rendered secure by means of a special mechanism which will be hereafter described.
This system, as arranged, can be applied to all door or other locks rendering
them secure against all attempts and at the same time preventing these doors from
giving way at any point around the same.
In effect this lock combined with fittings applied on the doors and composed by
preference of bars which are locked by the action of the closing of the external
bolting bar forms so many points of resistence on the surface of the door as will
be readily understood by the following description, reference being had to the
drawing annexed which represents the system in its entirety and in its principal
details.
Figure 1. represents in elevation, the mechanism which controls the external
bolting bar.
Figure 2. is a vertical section of the system drawn on the line 1. 2. of Figure 1.
Figure 3. shows a mechanism of an ordinary safety lock which may be of any
suitable construction and may serve independently of the present invention, as
ordinary locking means, the plate which receives the mechanism which controls
the external bolting bar being supposed to be removed as also the parts which it
carries.
Figure 4. is a front view of a half turn lock and Figure 5 is a view of the same
lock with the cover removed.

page_text: Figure 6. represents the application of the invention to a pair of folding doors
and Figure 7. the same application to a single door Figure 8. is a detail view of
the locking parts of the external bolting bar.
•
Similar letters of reference designate like parts in all the figures The vertical
external bolting bar a is toothed on that part of its length which passes through
the lock and this toothed part gears with a train of toothed wheels 6 the number
and arrangement of which may be otherwise varied according to the dimensions
and the description of lock which may be applied in combination with the present
invention. This train of toothed wheels is controlled by gearing c mounted on a
clutch spindle d the operation of which will be hereafter described The gearing c
is surmounted by a square or by gudgeons d upon which a special key engages
which is guided by the cannon or nozzle n and the action of which will raise the
rack a in producing the opening of this system of lock; a counter spring e will
automatically cause the falling of the said rack (thus effecting the closing) when
the cannon or nozzle is pressed upon by the special key which action compresses
the spring of the clutch and throws the gearing c out of action as it otherwise
occurs with the clutch arrangements of the same kind known under the name of
Bregnet The spring c of the external bolting bar may occupy any other con-
venient position for example it may be placed within the thickness of the external
bolting bar, or be external thereto or otherwise.
"
The action just described by means of the cannon or nozzle of the special key is
effected on the exterior but the same effect can be obtained on the interior by
means of the lever g which is jointed to two ears fixed to the interior part of the
clutch apparatus. A milled button h mounted on the square of the prolonged axis
of the intermediate wheel b serves for the opening of the system in the same manner
as that just described, with the special key and outside.
To render this closing secure, there is fixed upon the bolt of the lock properly
called a stud k which traverses a slot in the plate upon which is mounted the
mechanism controlling the rack just described. The stud k traversing the plate l
passes into the groove of a small safety bolt m sliding upon the said plate whilst
the bolt of the lock is terminated by a fork the two points of which penetrate
into the cannon or nozzle n to totally prevent the entrance of the special key
mentioned above; the opening is therefore rendered impossible by the fact of this
obstruction.
In more simple locks, as in half turn locks, we suppress this system of obstruction
of the cannon or nozzle.
The rack is retained in the open position by means of a small bolt o placed on
the lock and which engages in one of the teeth of this rack or in a notch formed
for this purpose.
Further in order to prevent the rising or opening of the external bolting bar
when the two turns are given to the large bolt, a projection a¹ presses against the
stud k and stops the said rack.
To prevent an incomplete closing a small projection 61 also presses the stud k
and prevents the large bolt from developing its two turns.
If desired safety locks constructed according to present invention can be so
arranged that the key of the lock may act at the same time upon the mechanism
of the external bolting bar.
The toothed part or rack a of the external bolting bar whilst it may be formed
of a single piece with said bar along the entire height of the door will be furnished
by preference with two adjusting sleeves in which will be encased above and
below the lock the shafts the union of which constitutes the external bolting bar.
These shafts (Figures 6 and 7) will carry at the desired height and in desired number
catches q solid with the same or fixed in any convenient manner and provided
with gudgeons which will enter corresponding ears carried by the bars 8 (or else
forming a fitting on the door.) Figure 6 shows this arrangement applied to the
closing of a pair of folding doors and Figure 7 the same arrangement for a single
door.

page_text: It will be readily understood that the fall of the external bolting bar as above
described produces automatically and instantaneously the locking of all the bars
whatever may be their number at the same time that the external bolting bar will
enter at its two ends, upper and lower, into two sockets arranged upon the upper
part of the door frame and upon the floor. The bars 8 are fixed by hinges upon
the door post and if desired they may be replaced by simple ears as shown at
Figure 7.
37
Further if desired the bars or fittings represented by figures 6 and 7 may be
dispensed with in which case a simple external bolting bar will be employed which
is made with a T iron at its upper part and entering into the floor when it falls
by its own weight.
Finally the catches q may be dispensed with and simple lugs or projections
employed in lieu thereof fixed upon the external bolting bars and engaging, con-
sequent upon the fall of the external bolting bar, with projecting sockets fixed
upon the door posts or other suitable part.

page_text: I, BENJAMIN JOSEPH BARNARD MILLS of the firm of Harris and Mills of
23 Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent do hereby
declare the nature of said invention, a communication to me from abroad by
Jaques. Emile Patin of 14 Pussage Sauliner and Mathurin Le Marchand of 39 Rue
Myrrha both of Paris in the Republic of France, and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The invention constituting the subject of the present application consists of a
system of lock combined with an external bolting bar the closing of which is
rendered secure by means of a special mechanism which will be hereafter
described.
This system, as arranged, can be applied to all door or other locks, rendering
them secure against all attempts and at the same time preventing these doors from
giving way at any point around the same.
In effect this lock combined with fittings applied on the doors and composed by
preference of bars which are locked by the action of the closing of the external
bolting bar forms so many points of resistance on the surface of the door as will be
readily understood by the following description, reference being had to the drawing
annexed which represents the system in its entirety and in its principal details.
Figure 1 represents in elevation, the mechanism which controls the external
bolting bar.
Figure 2 is a vertical section of the system drawn on the line 1, 2 of Figure 1.
Figure 3 shows a mechanism of an ordinary safety lock which may be of any
suitable construction and may serve independently of the present invention as
ordinary locking means, the plate which receives the mechanism which controls the
external bolting bar being supposed to be removed as also the parts which it
carries.
Figure 4 is a front view of a half turn lock and Figure 5 is a view of the same
lock with the cover removed.
Figure 6 represents the application of the invention to a pair of folding doors
and Figure 7 the same application to a single door.
Figure 8 is a detail view of the locking parts of the external bolting bar.
Similar letters of reference designate like parts in all the figures.
The vertical external bolting bar a is toothed on that part of its length which
passes through the lock and this toothed part gears with a train of toothed wheels b
the number and arrangement of which may be otherwise varied according to the
dimensions and the description of lock which may be applied in combination with
the present invention.
This train of toothed wheels is controlled by gearing c mounted on a clutch
spindle & the operation of which will be hereafter described.
The gearing c is formed with a square or with gudgeons d upon which a special
key engages which is guided by the cannon or nozzle n and the action of which

page_text: will raise the rack a in producing the opening of this system of lock; a counter
spring e will automatically cause the falling of the said rack (thus effecting the
closing) when the cannon or nozzle is pressed upon by the special key which
action compresses the spring f of the clutch and throws the gearing c out of action
as it otherwise occurs with the clutch arrangements of the same kind known under
the name of "Breguet." The spring c of the external bolting bar may occupy any
other convenient position, for example it may be placed within the thickness of the
external bolting bar, or be external thereto or otherwise.
The action just described by means of the cannon or nozzle of the special key
is effected on the exterior but the same effect can be obtained on the interior by
means of the lever g which is jointed to two ears fixed to the interior part of
the clutch apparatus. A milled button h mounted on the square of the prolonged
axis of the intermediate wheel b serves for the opening of the system in the same
manner as that just described, with the special key and outside.
To render this closing secure, there is fixed upon the bolt i of the lock properly
called a stud k which traverses a slot in the plate upon which is mounted the
mechanism controlling the rack just described. The stud k traversing the plate
passes into the groove or slot of a small safety bolt m sliding upon the said plate,
whilst the bolt i of the lock is terminated by a fork the two points of which
penetrate into the cannon or nozzle n to totally prevent the entrance of the special
key mentioned above; the opening is therefore rendered impossible by the fact of
this obstruction. In more simple locks, as in half turn locks, we suppress this
system of obstruction of the cannon or nozzle.
The rack is retained in the open position by means of a small bolt o placed on
the lock and which engages in one of the teeth of this rack or in a notch formed
for this purpose.
Further in order to prevent the rising or opening of the external bolting bar
when the two turns are given to the large bolt, a projection a¹ presses against the
stud k and stops the said rack.
To prevent an incomplete closing a small projection b' also presses the stud k
and prevents the large bolt from developing its two turns.
If desired safety locks constructed according to the present invention can be so
arranged that the key of the lock may act at the same time upon the mechanism
of the external bolting bar.
The toothed part or rack a of the external bolting bar whilst it may be formed
of a single piece with said bar along the entire height of the door, will be furnished
by preference with two adjusting sleeves in which will be encased above and below
the lock, the shafts, the union of which constitutes the external bolting bar. These
shafts (Figures 6 and 7) will carry at the desired height and in desired number
catches solid with the same or fixed in any convenient manner and provided
with gudgeons which will enter corresponding ears carried by the bars 8 (or else
forming a fitting on the door). Figure 6 shows this arrangement applied to the
closing of a pair of folding doors and Figure 7 the same arrangement for a
single door.
It will be readily understood that the fall of the external bolting bar, as above
described produces automatically and instantaneously the locking of all the bars
whatever may be their their number at the same time that the external bolting bar
will enter at its two ends, upper and lower, into two sockets arranged upon the
upper part of the door frame and upon the floor. The bars 8 are fixed by hinges
upon the door post and if desired they may be replaced by simple ears as shown at
Figure 7.
Further, if desired, the bars or fittings represented by figures 6 and 7 may be
dispensed with, in which case a simple external bolting bar will be employed which
is made with a T iron at its upper part and entering into the floor when it falls by
its own weight.
Finally the catches q may be dispensed with and simple lugs or projections
employed in lieu thereof fixed upon the external bolting bars and engaging,

page_text: consequent upon the fall of the external bolting bar, with projecting sockets fixed
upon the door posts or other suitable part.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. The arrangement for operating the external bolting bar a by a train of
gearing to which is applied a Breguet or other clutch or apparatus for putting the
gearing into and out of gear with the bolting bar a such clutch or apparatus being
operated by a key or by means of a lever g substantially as herein shown and
described and for the purpose stated.
2. In safety locks of the character herein referred to, the employment of a
spring e which causes the bolting bar a automatically to fall and effect the locking
substantially as herein shown and described.
3. The arrangement for retaining the bolting bar a in its open or unlocking
position by means of a bolt o which is capable of holding it in its raised position
substantially as herein shown and described.
4. The employment of an auxiliary safety bolt m which by entering the cannon.
or nozzle n obstructs it and thereby renders the lock safe substantially as herein
shown and described.
5. The employment of two studs or projections a¹, 61 on the bolting bar a which
act upon the stud k and prevent the opening of the bolting bar a or an incomplete
locking of the same substantially as herein shown and described.
6. The arrangement of catches q provided with gudgeons r entering corresponding
ears carried by bars 8 on the doors and ensuring the locking of all the bars and the
bolting bar a substantially as herein shown and described.