IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BLEACHING KIERS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Loxton Jackson and James Westley both of
Bolton in the County of Lancaster for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF BLEACHING KIERS "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Loxton Jackson and
James Westley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th June
1888.
:
CHARLES LOXTON JACKSON and JAMES WESTLEY both of Bolton in the County
of Lancaster "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BLEACHING KIERS"
Our invention relates to the construction of kiers employed for bleaching and
consists principally of improvements to be applied to that part of the kier known
as the "puffer pipe," the object of the said invention being to prevent the boiling
up of the liquor through the cloth or other material under operation and to cause
the said liquor to be delivered in a continuous stream upon the top of the cloth or
other material and be drawn downwards through the same.
The invention is applicable both to kiers wherein the "puffer pipe" is placed
inside the kier and also to those wherein the "puffer pipe" is outside the same.
The bottom end of the "puffer pipe" is reduced in diameter so as to form a
kind of throat and the lower edge of the same is bevilled off in the interior.
The upper end of the steam pipe in the liquor well is provided with a hollow
nozzle made conical on the outside and projecting slightly into the bevilled mouth
of the puffer pipe, leaving a conical annular space between the two through which
the liquor is forced (by the suction or vacuum formed by the rush of the steam
through the nozzle) up the "puffer-pipe."
=
There is also a cross pipe or passage (or there may be more than one) through
the nozzle from one side to the other and from the centre of this passage a vertical
pipe is carried upwards through the mouth of the nozzle projecting slightly above
it into the throat of the "puffer pipe."
Through this vertical pipe a column of liquor also ascends, and the hollow
column or jet of steam issuing from the conical nozzle will force the liquor up the
"puffer pipe" in a continuous stream, and the vacuum caused thereby in the
liquor well will draw the hot liquor back again through the cloth or other material
ander operation.
We provide the "puffer pipe" at the top with a "bonnett" in the form of an
inverted dish, inside which we fit a perforated plate suspended by studs which
Assists greatly in the even distribution of the liquor over the cloth, or the other
naterial under operation.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Charles Loxton Jackson and James Westley in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 14th December 1883.
CHARLES LOXTON JACKSON and JAMES WESTLEY both of Bolton in the County
of Lancaster IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BLEACHING KIERS
Our invention relates to the construction of kiers employed for bleaching an
consists principally of improvements to be applied to that part of the kier known
as the "puffer pipe" the object of the said invention being to prevent the boiling
up of the liquor through the cloth or other material under operation and to cause
the said liquor to be delivered in a continuous stream upon the top of the cloth
or other material and be drawn downwards through the same.
Such being the nature and object of our said invention we will now proceed
to describe in detail the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed
or carried into practical effect and in order that the same may be clearly understood
we have hereunto annexed a sheet of drawings illustrative thereof and have marked
the same with figures and letters of reference corresponding with those in the
following explanation thereof.
The invention is applicable both to kiers wherein the "puffer pipe". is placed
inside the kier and also to those wherein the "puffer pipe" is outside the same.
In the annexed drawings the invention is shown for the sake of illustration as
it would be when applied to the inside of a kier.
Fig 1. is a vertical section of the form of the improved apparatus which we find
most convenient for general purposes.
The bottom end of the "puffer pipe a, a is reduced in diameter so as to form
a kind of throat, or as shown at Fig 1. it is fitted onto a throat piece b, b bolted
to the upper flange of the casting c, o and the lower edge of the same is bevilled off
in the interior as at d, d.
The upper end of the steam pipe e, e in the liquor well is provided with a hollow
nozzle made conical on the outside and projecting slightly into the bevilled
mouth d, d of the puffer pipe, leaving a conical annular. space g, g between the two
through which the liquor entering the casting c, c by the openings h, h is forced
(by the suction or vacuum formed by the rush of the steam through the nozzle
ff) up the "puffer pipe" a, a
There is also a cross pipe or passage i, i, or there may be more than one through
the nozzle f, f from one side to the other and from the centre of this passage i,
a vertical pipe k, k is carried upwards through the mouth of the nozzle f, f
projecting slightly above it into the throat b, b of the "puffer pipe."
Through this vertical pipe k, k a column of liquor also ascends and the hollow
column or jet of steam issuing from the conical nozzle f, f will force the liquor up
the "puffer pipe" a a in a continuous stream and the vacuum caused thereby in
the liquor well will draw the hot liquor back again through the cloth or other
material under operation.
We provide the puffer pipe at the top (by preference) with a "bonnet" in the
form of an inverted dish, inside which we fit a perforated plate suspended by studs
which assists greatly in the even distribution of the liquor over the cloth or other
material under operation.
.
The course of the liquor is shown by the plain arrows and that of the steam by
the dotted arrows.
.
Fig. 2 shows a modification of the above wherein an additional steam pipe ↳ 1
is placed inside the vertical liquor pipe k. k.

page_text: Fig. 3. is a vertical section and Fig. 4 a horizontal section of a modification
wherein the cross pipe or passage is dispensed with, the lower end of the
vertical pipe k, k is carried through the bottom of the steam pipe e, e and is
provided with a “baffle plate" m, m which prevents the return of the column of
liquor.
Figs 5 and 6, show in the vertical and horizontal section-a further modification
wherein the cross pipe or passage i, i is made in an "elbow" form instead of
running straight across the steam pipe.
Other modifications might be made to operate in substantially the same manner
without departing from the distinctive features of our invention.
Having now described the nature and object of our said invention together with
the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into
practical effect, we wish it to be understood that we claim as our invention.
"
The combination of a conical nozzle on the end of the steam pipe, and an
internal liquor pipe, with a corresponding throat or contraction at the lower end of
the "puffer pipe of a bleaching kier, whereby a cylindrical jet of steam is
produced for the purpose of carrying a continuous stream or column of the hot
Liquor up the "puffer pipe" substantially in the manner and for the purposes
hereinbefore more particularly set forth.
In witness whereof I the said Charles Loxton Jackson (on behalf of myself
and the said James Westley) have hereunto set my hand and seal this eleventh
day of December in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and eighty
three
CHARLES LOXTON JACKSON (LS.)