Improvements in Apparatus for Carburetting Gas.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 4th Oct, 1889-Accepted, 9th Nov., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Carburetting Gas.
JOHN DENNIS HALL 15 Vine Street Liverpool Lancashire England Gas Fitter do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
An apparatus for increasing the illuminating power of coal gas, by passing through
gasoline by means of passing through vertical perforated copper slides interlined by
woollen fabric (theese slides are three in number) which draws the gasoline to the
top of the machine where it mixes with the coal gas & passes through the perforations
in the slides, then passes out for consumption. The above is encased in a strong
copper box which has a recess on each side at the inlet & outlet which forms syphons
one for any gas that may condence from gas meter & the other for any mixed gas
that may condence. The apparatus is perforated where it is joined at the upper
portion of theese recesses thereby deviding the coal gas as it enters the apparatus.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Carburetting Gas.
I, JOHN DENNIS HALL, of 15, Vine Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Gas Fitter, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention to be as follows:-
This Invention has reference to that kind of apparatus which has for its object the
carburetting of gas, that is to say, the charging of gas with more or less gasoline or
like volatile hydro-carbon liquid; and although the Invention is more particularly
intended to be applied to the carburetting and enriching of coal gas, it is also applicable
"
water gas and
for carburetting other gas produced from coal or coke such as
"Producer gas," and other gases..
According to this Invention to carburet and increase the illuminating power of coal
gas, or to carburet other gas, it is passed through woollen fabric containing gasoline
or like hydrocarbon, said hydrocarbon being drawn up into or through the fabric to
the upper part of the apparatus or machine, where it becomes combined with and
mixes with the coal or other gas. The gas passes through perforations provided in
slides or plates (which may be three in number) in passing through the apparatus ;
when it leaves the apparatus it is ready for consumption. The woollen fabric lies
between or is interposed between said perforated slides or plates, and the whole is
encased in a strong box which has a recess or chamber at each end at the inlet and
outlet, and which may form "syphons." One of these recesses or chambers is for
collecting any condensed gas coming from the meter or supply, and the other is for
collecting any mixed or combined condensed gases. The apparatus is perforated at
the upper portion where it is joined to these recesses, thereby causing the coal or
other gas as it enters and leaves the apparatus to be divided or distributed.
The woolled fabric into which the hydrocarbon liquid is drawn becomes saturated
with it, it being fed thereto by the action of capillary attraction; in the action of
carburetting the gases are caused to pass through a plurality of diaphragms of saturated
material.
The material which I have found to give very good results, is flannel, and the flannel
which I bave found to be very effective, is one having a loosely spun thread, and
loosely woven; that is, the material should be of such a nature or texture as to admit
gas to pass fairly freely through it and at the same time one which possesses a high
degree of capillary attractive power.

page_text: In the case of carburetting coal gas at ordinary pressure, the material should be of
such a loosely woven kind as not to reduce the pressure materially at the point of
discharge, or outflow.
The material dips into the hydrocarbon liquid (such as Gasoline) and by the action
of capillary attraction it is distributed evenly throughout the material. In order to
make the absorption effective I prefer to use a plurality of diaphragms of the material
held at the top and bottom to the containing vessel, or to the sides.
The whole inside surface subject to the action of the gases, whatever they may be,
may be lined or coated with the textile material, so as to provide as much absorption
as possible.
It will be-seen in this operation the gas used whether it be ordinary illuminating
coal gas; water gas, producer gas; atmospheric air, or the like, serves as vehicle to the
hydrocarbon.
It must be stated that the form of containing vessel and other parts and. the arrange-
ments and disposition of the material for conveying and bolding the liquid may be
varied or modified in many ways without departing from the invention.
In the drawings, which serve to illustrate my invention, 1 show, as an example,
a carburetting, apparatus of a form and arrangement suitable for use in connection
with ordinary houso, shop, workshop, and other analogous or like purposes.
In the
Drawings Figure 1 shows the apparatus in part sectional elevation, Figure 2 shows
an end view of it, half in section and half in full, and Figures 3 and 4 are
details in section of a part of the apparatus in elevation and plan respectively, and
to a larger scale.
Referring to the drawings, a is the case of the apparatus; is the textile material;
c are the end plates of the apparatus, provided with apertures or perforations at the
upper part as shown; c¹ is a central division plate or diaphragm perforated or
provided with apertures from top to bottom; d and e are the entrance and exit
chambers, respectively, in which condensed oil or spirit and other liquor collects, said
chambers being provided with screwed plugs at and e¹ by which said liquors may
be drawn off; d and eare cocks for controlling the ingress and egress, respectively,
of the fluid to be carburetted to and from the apparatus; and is a cock through
which the apparatus is charged with the gasoline or like hydro-carbon liquid.
The frames which support the material are designated ; each pair is connected
by the rods i, over which the material is passed in a continuous strip as shown in the
Figure, and they are fixed in the case a between the guide bars j. One pair of
frames and bars are provided on each side of the central diaphragm c¹.
The roof and sides of the apparatus are lined internally with a layer of the textile
material k; and the upper rods are so arranged. that the material which lies upon or
passes over them touches that on the roof; also the materiala is fulled "laterally on
the rods, that is, the width of the material is greater than the length of the bars
Between the frames-h-so that at the sides it lies against the material which lines the
side plates of the apparatus; hence; by this arrangement of lining, material k, and
transverse material b, no gas can pass through the apparatus without coming into
contact with the textile material, and this being all of a kind such as specified, and
charged with hydrocarbon; the gas to be carburetted in passing, through the apparatus,
'necessarily at all points comes into contact with the hydro-carbon, with the result that
a full and equal carburetting effect is obtained; and a homogeneously, carburetted gas
.produced.
The level of the hydro-carbon, when the apparatus is freshly and fully charged, is
shown in the drawings.
The material as arranged in the apparatus constitute so many screens;, or
diaphragms, each charged equally with hydro-carbon, the charging.being. due to
capillary attraction, and through all of which the gas to be carburetted, has to pass
on its way from one end of the apparatus to the other..
+
As previously stated; the textile inaterial which. I prefer to employ, under all cir-
cumstances is flannel and the quality of flannel. which I have found very useful for

page_text: carburetting ordinary coal gas at the ordinary pressure of Town's service is one
having about 20 to 40 picks to the inch. The kind of flannel is of course a loosely
woven one, and I use it in order that the difference of pressure of gas at the inlet
and outlet ends of the apparatus shall be as small as possible. If this quality is used,
practically no diminution of pressure takes place; and this is very ossential when
ordinary Town's gas is being carburetted, as will be evident.
In cases of carburetting gases at a comparatively high pressure, of course, a denser
quality of textile material may be used, but even then I prefer a material of about
the weave above mentioned, as I have found woollen material of a loosely woven
nature keeps itself more equally and thoroughly charged with hydrocarbon when a
gas is being passed through it, than one more tightly woven.
In using the apparatus for domestic or other like purposes, using gas through a
meter, it is fixed on the service pipe on the delivery side of the meter.
I wish it to be understood that I do not intend to limit my Patent to the use of
any particular gas, as any gas, including atmospheric air, suitable for use in com-
bination with a hydrocarbon of the kind herein before mentioned may be used as a
vehicle. The gas produced may be employed for illuminating purposes, or for
heating, or power, the kind of gas used as the vehicle depending upon the purposes for
which it is intended to use the carburetted fluid, and upon the circumstances under
which the invention is to be applied. Also I wish it to be understood that although
I prefer to use woollen as the material employed to hold the oil or spirit and to become
charged therewith by the action of capillary attraction, yet, according to this
invention, substitutes having the like properties or qualities may be used in its
stead.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what
I claim is
1. In apparatus for carburetting gas or gases, the employment of a textile fabric of
the kind herein before specified as a means of charging itself with and holding the
hydro-carbon used for carburetting; for the purposes set forth.
or
2. Apparatus for carburetting gas or gases in which a plurality of screens
diaphragms are employed and said screens or diaphragmns are immersed in, or fed
with, a hydrocarbon such as gasoline, and so arranged that they become saturated
therewith by the action of capillary attraction, the gas or gases being caused to pass
through said screens or diaphragms at the parts so saturated.
3. A carburetting apparatus comprising a chamber, having within it, a plurality
of screens or diaphragms, such as herein before specified or referred to, by which the
carburetting liquid is held by the action of capillary attraction and through which
the fluid to be carburetted is caused to pass.
4. A carburetting apparatus arranged and constructed substantially as described
by which the pressure of gas in passing through the apparatus is practically
undeminished, that is to say, an apparatus provided with a plurality of screens or
diaphragmns, of a nature such as hereinbefore mentioned, by which the liquid is held in
films, and through which the fluid to be carburetted is passed without material
diminution of pressure at the egress side, and in such passage becomes thoroughly
carburetted.
5. A carburetting apparatus in which is employed a textile material for the purpose
of holding the carburetting liquid in its pores or interstices, and through which the
gas to be carburetted is passed in the manner substantially as set forth.
6. In carburetting apparatus the combination of a plate or slide having perforations
or apertures at the gas entrance of the carburetting chamber, and a plurality of screens
or diaphragms such as specified, by which the carburetting liquid is held by the action
of capillary attraction said screens or diaphragms being interposed between said
plate and the fluid outlet, by which the fluid to be carburetted is divided and
distributed on entering the apparatus and subsequently caused to pass equally and
evenly through said screens or diaphragms.

page_text: 7. In carburetting apparatus the combination of a plurality of screens or
diaphragms, such as specified, by which the carburetting liquid is held by the
action of capillary attraction and one or more plates or slides having perforations
or apertures, interposed between the said screens or diaphragms, by which the fluid
while under the process of carburetting is caused to pass evenly through the
apparatus and to be mixed for the purposes of rendering it homogeneous.
8. In carburetting apparatus the arrangement of screens or diaphragms of textile
material, substantially as herein described for the purposes specified; and also the
arrangement of said screens or diaphragms as set forth with reference to the
'drawings.
9. The carburetting apparatus constructed and adapted to be operated substantially
as set forth with reference to the drawings.
Dated this Third day of October 1889.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.