Improvements having reference to Hydrocarbon Engines for Driving Dynamo Machines and to Dynamo Electric Machines Driven thereby.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Mar., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 15th Dec., 1899-Accepted, 10th Mar., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements having reference to Hydrocarbon Engines for Driving
Dynamo Machines and to Dynamo Electric Machines Driven
thereby.
I, Comte GEORGES VITALI, of 7, Rue de Tilsitt, Paris, France, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to hydrocarbon engines for driving dynamo elec-
trical machines and to dynamo electrical machines driven thereby, and its object
is to so combine a hydrocarbon engine and a dynamo electric machine that the
improved apparatus while occupying but little space, and being very light will
develope in a simple manner a relatively considerable electrical energy. This
is effected by the arrangements about to be described.
The improved motor comprises two cylinders mounted on opposite sides of a
dynamo electric machine the cheeks or sides of the dynamo forming a frame
common to the dynamo and the hydrocarbon motor. A common driving shaft
carrying the armature or the field coils of the dynamo as the case may be is
driven directly at each of its ends by the connecting rod of the corresponding
piston. The lubrication of each of the bearings of the driving shaft is effected
automatically by the oil projected against the cheeks of the dynamo inside a
casing which encloses the lower portion of the apparatus.
The driving shaft and one of the cranks are formed in one piece; the other
crank is connected to the driving shaft by a transverse key or pin passing axially
through the parts to be connected. The revolving portion of the dynamo i.e.
the armature or field coils as the case may be serve as the fly wheel.
The carburetter which feeds the motor is composed of two parts:-The car-
buretter proper and an atomizer for the hydrocarbon.
The atomizer is in the form of a receiver of suitable shape containing the
petroleum, a small tube passes down through this receiver its upper end being
bent and leading into a larger tube hereinafter described by which it is sur-
rounded. The petroleum escapes up through this small tube under the action
of the pressure of the air which is compressed in the casing above referred to.
This air is led to the receiver of the atomiser by a tube provided with a nou
return valve.
•
The enclosing casing is provided with a suction valve allowing the external
air to enter the said casing. In this way the lower faces of the pistous fulfil
the office of a suction and compression pump for the air which they compress
in the casing referred to.
A relief valve is provided for allowing the excess of air to escape when the
pressure becomes too great, and the speed is regulated by means of a centrifugal
governor and a valve suitably connected thereto and interposed between the air
compression casing and the atomizer. When for any reason the speed becomes
too high the governor opens its valve and the pressure in the receiver of the
atomizer at once diminishes, the effect of which is to reduce the injection of
petroleum into the motor which then slows down at once.

page_text: The carburettor proper comprises a cylinder through which circulates the
cooling water of the motor cylinders. This water passes from the cylinder
jackets by suitably arranged pipes which discharge into the carburetter cylinder;
the water leaves the carburefter cylinder by another pipe. The atomized petro-
leum passes from the atomizer through the small bent tube before described
which leads into the larger tube which surrounds it. The larger tube, which I
will call the injector tube, is continued somewhat beyond the small hent tube
and admits air under pressure; its end is preferably cut off obliquely.
The injector tube discharges into a large pipe which leads the carburetted
mixture to the cylinders. At the commencement of this large pipe and just
behind the end of the injecting pipe two air supply tubes leading to the external
atmosphere are connected. The vaporization of the atomized petroleum injected
through the injector tube takes place in the pipe which leads to the motor
cylinders. The carburetted mixture is brought to a suitable temperature during
its passage along this pipe by the hot water which surrounds the tubes in the
carburettor cylinder and it thus reaches the motor cylinders under excellent
conditions for ignition.
The collective arrangements above described allow of producing an extremely
simple generator of electrical energy, and one which is light and cheap. This
apparatus will serve equally well for electric lighting, and transmission of power,
for driving motor cars or locomotive purposes generally. It offers the advan-
tage when a battery of accumulator cells is mounted in quantity with the dynamo
of allowing of an automatic disconnection (démarrage) of the dynamo and
motor by the employment of the current of the accumulators.
The liquid employed in the motor may be petroleum or any other hydrocarbon.
Dated this 16th day of March 1899
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Chartered Patent Agents.
Improvements having reference to Hydrocarbon Engines for Driving
Dynamo Machines and to Dynamo Electric Machines Driven
thereby.
I, Comte GEORGES VITALI, formerly of 7, Rue Tilsitt, Paris, and now of 7, Rue
Collange Levallois-Perret, France, Inventor, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The present application for a patent has for object to provide a petroleum
motor which by reason of the arrangements hereinafter described, will give in
a simple manner a relatively considerable electric energy, with a small volume
and a very small weight of motor.
In the accompanying drawings which are given by way of example,
Figure 1 is a cross section of the motor.
Figure 2 is a side view of the same.
Figure 3 is a cross section of the carburetter.
Figure 4 is a longitudinal section of the same.
Figure 5 is a diagrammatic view of a form of construction of the air indraw-
ing device for the carburetter in the interior of the cheeks and of the drum of
the dynamo.
Figure 6 is a partial section shewing the mode of lubricating the big end of
a connecting rod of the motor,

page_text: Figure 7 is a partial section. shewing the mode of lubricating the small end
of the said connecting rod.
The two cylinders B, B, which constitute the petroleum motor proper, are
mounted on either side of the dynamo A, the cheeks of which form a framing
which is common to the dynamo and to the petroleum motor. A single shaft O,
carrying the armature, or the field-coils of the dynamo, is attached directly at
each of its ends to the connecting rod a of the corresponding motor piston b.
The lubrication of each of the bearings is effected automatically by the oil
which is projected against the checks of the dynamo in the interior of each of
the casings Z. The lubrication of the big end of the connecting rod is effected
by taking from the bearing of the shaft, a portion of its lubricating oil which
is increased in quantity with this object.
From the bearing 1 (Figure 6) to which the oil is sent under pressure by
means of an automatic distributing device, having continuous motion, the oil
is conveyed to the big end of the connecting rod 3, which it constantly lubri-
cates, by means of an uninterrupted series of passages 2, 2, pierced in the shaft,
the crank and the crank pin. The oil-passages 2, 2, in the shaft, the croak and
the crank-pin for lubricating the big end, or head, of the connecting-rod 3, are
suitably connected with similar passages 21, 21, provided in the cylinder wall
and the motor piston 6 (see Figure 7) whereby oil under pressure may be auto-
matically conveyed to both ends of the connecting-rod 3; the arrangement for
lubricating the small end of the latter, serving at the same time to lubricate
the inner wall of the cylinder in which the motor-piston is reciprocated. The
shaft and one of the cranks m are made in one piece. The other crank m¹ is
fixed to the shaft O by means of a transverse key or pine which passes through
the axes of the two parts to be connected together. The rotating portion of the
dynamo, namely the inducing or the induced part, acts as the fly wheel. The
carburetter which feeds the motor, consists of two portions; the carburettor
proper C and the atomizer D. The atomizer is a vessel of any suitable shape
for containing the petroleum. To the bottom of this vessel there extends a
tube d through which the petroleum is forced by the action of the pressure of
the air which is compressed in the casing. Z of the motor B. This air is led
into the vessel D by a pipe W provided with a check valve K. The casing Z
of the motor B is provided with a suction valve e which allows the outer air to
enter. By this means the piston of the motor cylinder B fulfils the office, by
means of its lower face, of an air pump having a sucking and a forcing action.
The apparatus is completed by a pressure regulator F which allows any excess
of air to escape when the pressure becomes too great, and by a speed limiting
device which consists of a centrifugal governor R and of a valve E. Should for any
reason whatever the speed become too great the governor E will open the valve E,
and the pressure in the reservoir D will at once be diminished: this has the result
of stopping the injection of petroleum into the motor which therefore slows down
immediately. In order to avoid the heating of the dynamo, the air indrawing
device or inlet of air for the carburetter of petroleum motors may be arranged
inside of the cheeks and of the drum of this electrical machine which is pro-
vided at a point 270 degrees further on on its outer circumference (Figure 5)
with an air inlet arranged in such a manner that an uninterrupted current of
air amounting to 1380 litres per minute is caused to sweep constantly over the
internal parts of the dynamo, and to renew every second the total volume of
the air comprised between the cheeks and the drum, thereby producing auto-
matically and without any expense a considerable reduction of temperature
amounting to about 40 degrees C. By this means all dangerous heating of the
dynamo in the course of its working is prevented.
The carburetter proper
which is shown separately in longitudinal section in Figure 4, and in cross sec-
tion in Figure 3, is a cylinder C in which there circulates the cooling water of
the petroleum motors. This water comes from the jackets of the cylinders
through the pipes M which discharge into the carburetter. The exit of the

page_text: water takes place at N. The atomized petroleum arrives at the tubular union H
arranged in a short tube P which is cut at an angle and which admits air under
pressure. This tube P opens into the pipe J which conveys the carburetted
mixture to the cylinders. At the commencement of the tube J behind the
tubular union for the injection, there discharge the two air inlet pipes 1. In this
tube J there takes place the vaporisation of the atomized petroleum which has
been injected through H. The carburetted mixture is raised to a suitable
temperature during its flow along the pipe J by means of the hot water which
surrounds the three tubes in the cylinder C and it arrives at the cylinders under
excellent conditions of working. The general arrangement of these devices
allow of producing a generator of electrical energy which is extremely simple,
light and not costly. This apparatus may also serve for lighting purposes as
also for the transmission of power, for driving motor cars or locomotive pur-
poses. It affords an advantage in cases where a battery of accumulators will be
mounted in parallel with the dynamo and will allow of the starting automati-
cally of the whole system of the dynamo and of the petroleum motor by utilising
the current of the accumulators. The combustible may be petroleum or any
other combustible liquid.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
(1) The arrangement of the two cylinders constituting the motor on either
side of a dynamo, the cheeks of which form a framing which is common to the
dynamo and to the motor.
(2) The hydro-carbon-atomizing device in which the compressed air from the
casing of the motor acts upon the hydrocarbon in such a manner as to inject it
in the form of spray into the carburetter proper.
(3) The combination with the atomizer, of a speed regulating device, which
in case of excessive speed, opens a valve communicating with the outer air to
allow the air compressed in the casing to escape.
(4) The arrangement of the carburettor through which passes a pipe in which
the injected and atomized hydrocarbon is mixed with the compressed air from
the casing and also with additional air drawn from the outside through tubes
which are arranged likewise along the interior of the carburetter, this car-
buretter-vessel receiving the water heated in the jacket of the motor cylinders
and which heats to some extent the three internal pipes aforesaid.
(5) The drawing of the air for the carburetter from the interior of the cheeks
and of the drum of the dynamo in such a manner as to produce a current of
air which constantly sweeps over the internal parts of the said dynamo and
thus produces a cooling of the parts of the latter during the working.
(G) The lubrication of the bearings which is effected automatically by the oil
that is projected upon the cheeks of the dynamo in the interior of the casing Z,
and the lubrication of the big end of each of the connecting rods by means of
oil taken from the said bearings through the medium of passages pierced in the
interior of the shaft and of the crank.
1 13.
1 1
1 1000