CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CARRIAGES, COACHES, AND OTHER VEHICLES
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Cockshoot, junior, of Strangeways, Man-
chester, in the County of Lancaster, Coach Builder, for the Invention of
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CARRIAGES, COACHES, AND
OTHER VEHICLES."
chester, in the County of Lancaster, Coach Builder, for the Invention of
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CARRIAGES, COACHES, AND
OTHER VEHICLES."
Sealed the 18th June 1867, and dated the 3rd January 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Cockshoot at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd January 1867.
I, JOSEPH COCKSHOOT, junior, of Strangeways, Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Coach Builder, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CARRIAGES,
COACHES, AND OTHER VEHICLES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates, first, to that part of carriages or vehicles called the
"rockers," which is the part of the framework at the sides of the carriage
upon which the floor or bottom is laid, and by which it is supported.
The improvements consist in the application and use of metallic "rockers"
of a curved or angled exterior form, or so otherwise constructed that the same

page_text: piece of metal constitutes part of the side and part of the bottom of the
carriage; by this means the framework of the carriage is rendered more
rigid and strong, and greater lightness and also elegance of appearance is
attained.
The Invention relates, secondly, to a novel description of hinge to be
applied to carriage doors which is designed to prevent rain or moisture coming
into contact with the woodwork where the hinge is fitted, and also to obtain
greater strength of hinge and to admit of more seat room and more space for
ingress and egress through the doorway. The improved hinge consists of a
box made by forming a horizontal square or oblong slot in a block of metal
which is to be screwed into a recess in the carriage framing at the top of the
doorway, and in this slot a flat plate or bar of metal is fitted, and a vertical
hinge pin is fitted into a hole drilled through the box and plate, which forms
a hinge joint; this plate is screwed on to the top of the door, and connects the
door with the carriage. It will be evident that by the use of this box any
rain or moisture which may lodge on or in the hinge is excluded and prevented
from passing into the wood or lining of the carriage, and by its peculiar form
no stop or "butt" is required as the plate acting on the square end of the
slot forms the stop and prevents the door opening too far.
66
Lastly, the Invention relates to a peculiar description of hinge called the
pillar hinge" used in barouches, landaus, and similar carriages having
"hoods" or covers to be raised and lowered, and this part of the Inven-
tion is designed to prevent water entering the hinge joint and rusting it,
or passing to the carriage lining, and also to improve the outward appearance
of the hinge.
The improvements consist in the application and use of a metallic circular
shield or guard which nearly encircles and covers the hinge joint, and also in
the use of an angle plate applied thereto to carry off moisture and to cause it
to fall beyond the hinge. The hinge joint itself is somewhat similar in form
to the ordinary "pillar hinge," but one of the plates through which the hinge
pin passes has a curved slot formed therein to allow the circular. guard to
work on it, and the curves of the necks of the "slat or neck plates" which
support the hood are slightly different in form near the hinge to those in
ordinary use.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Cockshoot in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
2nd July 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
СоскSHOOт, junior, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Joseph Cockshoot, junior, Her special license that I, the said Joseph Cock-
shoot, junior, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Joseph Cockshoot, junior, executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CARRIAGES, COACHES, AND OTHER VEHICLES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Joseph Cockshoot, junior,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Cockshoot, junior, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-
My Invention relates, first, to that part of carriages or vehicles called the
"rockers," which is the part of the framework at the sides of the carriage
which the floor or bottom is laid, and by which it is supported.
upon
The improvements consist in the application and use of metallic "rockers"
of a curved or angled exterior form, or so otherwise constructed that the same
piece of metal constitute part of the side and part of the bottom of the
carriage; by this means the framework of the carriage is rendered more rigid
and strong, and greater lightness and also elegance of appearance is attained.
The Invention relates, secondly, to a novel description of hinge to be

page_text: applied to carriage doors, which is designed to prevent rain or moisture
coming into contact with the woodwork where the hinge is fitted, and also to
obtain greater strength of hinge, and to admit of more seat room and more space
for ingress and egress through the doorway. The improved hinge consists of a
box made by forming a horizontal, square, or oblong slot in a block of metal
which is to be screwed into a recess in the carriage framing at the top of the
doorway, and in this slot a flat plate or bar of metal is fitted, and a vertical
hinge pin is fitted into a hole drilled through the box and plate which forms a
hinge joint; this plate is screwed on to the top of the door and connects the
door with the carriage. It will be evident that by the use of this box any
rain or moisture which may lodge on or in the hinge is excluded and pre-
vented from passing into the wood or lining of the carriage, and by its peculiar
form no stop or "butt" is required, as the plate acting on the square end of
the slot forms the stop and prevents the door opening too far.
Lastly, the Invention relates to a peculiar description of hinge called the
pillar hinge" used in barouches, landaus, and similar carriages having
"hoods" or covers to be raised and lowered; and this part of the Invention
is designed to prevent water entering the hinge joint and rusting it or
passing to the carriage lining, and also to improve the outward appearance of
the hinge.
The improvements consist in the application and use of a metallic circular
shield or guard which nearly encircles and covers the hinge joint, and also in
the use of an angle plate applied thereto to carry off moisture and to cause it
to fall beyond the hinge. The hinge joint itself is somewhat similar in form
to the ordinary "pillar hinge," but one of the plates through which the hinge
pin passes has a curved slot formed therein to allow the circular guard to work
in it and the curves of the necks of the "slat or neck plates" which support
the "hood" are slightly different in form near the hinge to those in ordinary
use.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings, Fig. 1 being made upon
'a scale of about one inch and a half to the foot, and the remainder of the
Figures made about half their usual size.
Fig. 1 represents a transverse section of the bottom portion of a carriage
body having the improved metallic "rockers" applied thereto; Fig. 2 repre-
sents a front elevation of the improved box hinge (shewn as when closed);
Fig. 3 represents a plan view of the same; Fig. 4 represents a detached plan
view of the binge as it appears when the carriage door is open, this class of
box hinge being more particularly applicable to barouches and similar vehicles;

page_text: Fig. 5 represents a transverse section of the hinge plate or bar with its
settings, and is applicable to landaus, clarences, broughams, and it may also
be constructed and employed in a bevil or square position, the later position
being shewn in dots; Figs. 6 and 7 represent plan views of a similar box
hinge without the bar, one being shewn closed and the other open, this class
of hinge also being particularly applicable to coaches, landaus, clarences,
broughams, &c.; Figs. 8, 9, and 10 represent the modifications of the hinge
as applied to broughams, coaches, &c.; Fig. 11 represents the box hinge as
applied to waggonetts; Fig. 12 represents a vertical section of the improved
pillar hinge as seen when raised; and Fig. 13 represents the same hinge when
in its lowest position or when down.
In Fig. 1, a, a, are the improved metallic "rockers" which may be of a
curved, angular, or other suitable shape that will constitute a part of the
bottom 6, and also of the side c of the carriage, and form the joint between
these.
In Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, d, d, is the box or hollow slotted
shield supplied with ears or flanges e, e, the said box being embedded or let
into a recess in the carriage framing and secured to the door by means of the
flanges and screws e. In the slot or box d one end of the flat plate or bar of
metalf is fitted, and is secured therein by means of the vertical pin g which
passes through the plates of the box forming the slot in which the hinge turns,
is provided with a stop h, against which the square end of the bar f comes
into contact when the door is opened, so that with a hinge thus arranged no
other stop or butt is required, as the door when closed, as seen in Figs. 2
and 3, or when open, as seen in Fig. 4, is prevented by the internal stop h
from going too far in either direction.
In Fig. 11, d, d, is the hinge secured to the diagonal 6 or plate m; the
pivot n passes through the hinge plate o secured to the door, the stop when
closed being at the point o¹, and when open as shewn in dotted lines at the
point o.
In Figs. 12 and 13, is the improved metallic circular shield or guard of
the pillar hinge which nearly encircles and covers the hinge joint k; the
circular shield is provided with an angle or bevil plate 7 for the purpose of
carrying off the moisture.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with
the method of carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be under-
stood that I claim,-
First, the application and use of the improved metallic "rockers" to the
bodies of carriages or other vehicles.

page_text: And, secondly, the construction and arrangement of hinges, as berein-before
lescribed, set forth, and fully illustrated in the Drawings attached.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Cockshoot, junior, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this this First day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
JOSEPH COCKSHOOT, JUNIOR. (L.S.)
Witnessed by
JOHN L. DAVIES, C.E.,
Office for Patents,
4, St. Ann's Sq., Manchester."`