Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Aug., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Apr., 1997-Accepted, 29th May, 1897
I, JAMES MCGOWAN MCCULLOCH of 10 Heald Street, Gurston in the County
of Lancaster, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention has for its object a water tube boiler which shall have thorough
circulation, be easy to instal and to repair and at the same time be safe economical
and get into a small compass.
I form the main water chamber of my boiler as a vertical oylinder with if
desirable an enlarged dome of any desired shape at the top. All round the cylinder
I place an outer double casing of cast iron or other suitable material at any required
distance from the central tube. This casing can be circular oval or other shape to
suit-the requirements. The space between the central tube and the outer casing is
divided by a horizontal diapliragm into two portions and below beside or in the
casing I place a firebox with openings allowing the air into the casing on both
sides. Exactly opposite to the firebox, that is on the other side of the vertical
tube I place a large hole in the horizontal diaphragm and immediately above the
fireplace I place an exit through the roof of the casing. In the vertical tube
I place a large number of holes radiating outward and in the inner of the two
outside casings a corresponding series of holes. These holes in the casing are
elongated upwards and downwards for the purposes hereafter described. I prefer
As a rule six rows of holes below the diaphragm and six above. The first, second
and third rows are arranged with the holes in different vertical planes alternating,
the next three above in corresponding vertical planes with these three, that is, the
holes in the bighest plano aro perpendicular above the holes in the third plane, the
holes in the bottom plane with those in the fourth plane etc. Tubes are placed
through these holes and radiating out through the inner of the two casings and
junctions considerably shorter than the distance between the corresponding set of
tubes say the first row and the fourth row unite the tubes, the tabes being bent
upwards and downwards for the purpose. The inner ends of the tubes are screwed
through the wall of the central tube and are supplied with nuts. Thus the nuts
at both ends of the tubes are protected from the gases while the junctions are kept
warm by the outer casing. In place of these double tubes forming a U or rounded V
six independent sets of field tubes could be used above and below each diaphragm
and of course for different sized boilers there may be only one double set of tubes
or two, three or even four sets between each diaphragm or there may be several
diaphragms the gases passing through each by holes on opposite sides to the holes
in the diaphragms above and below. The central tube ends some distance below
the lowest range of radial tubes so as to have a settling place and in this settling
part I place the blow-off cock.
Dated the 26th day of A woust 1896
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6 Lord Street, Liverpool, Patent Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Steam Bollers.
I, JAMES MCGOWAN MCCULLOCH of 10 Heald Street, Garston in the County
of Lancaster, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention an
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has for its object a water tube boiler which shall have thorough
circulation, be easy to instal and to repair and at the same time be safe, economicil
and get into a small compass.
The invention will be understood from the following description, reference being
had to the accompanying drawing, in which,
Figure is a sectional elevation of a boiler constructed in accordance with my
invention;
Figure 2, a plan partly in section;
Figure 3, an enlarged view showing one method of fastening the tube ends into
the main water chamber;
Figure 4, an end view of the tube onds fixed in the main water chamber.
Figure 5, a slight modification.
I form the main water tube or chamber of my boiler as a vertical cylinder A,
with if desirable an enlarged dome B of any desired shape at the top. This vertical
cylinder is by preference of sufficient diameter to allow a workinan to enter for
cleaning or fitting as required. All round the cylinder A, I place an outer casing C
at any required distance from the central tube A. This casing C can be circular,
oval or other shapo to suit the requirements. The space between the central
tube A and the outer casing C is divided by a horizontal diaphragm D into two
portions E and F. G is the firebox or grate. An outer casing may if desired bo
fitted a few inches outside the inner casing to form an outor doublo casing.
Exactly opposite to the firebox, that is on the other side of the vertical tuhe A,
I place a large hole H in the horizontal diaphragm D, and immediately above the
fireplace I place an exit J through the roof of the casing.
In the vertical tube A, I form a large number of holes for tubes radiating
outwards, and in one arrangement in which the casing C is double, the inner of the
two casings may be provided with a corresponding series of holes C (Figure 5).
In such case, these holes in the casing are elongated upwards and downwards for
the purposes hereafter described and there may be six rows of holes below the
diaphragm and six above. The first, second and third rows are arranged with the
holes in different vertical planes alternating, the next three above in corresponding
vertical planes with these three, that is, the holes in the highest plane are
perpendicular above the holes in the third plane, the holes in the bottom plane with
those in the fourth plane etcetera. The tubes K are placed through these holes,
and radiate out through the inner of the two casings, aud vertical tubes or
junctions C (considerably shorter than the distance between the corresponding set
of tubes, when such tubes are horizontal, say the first and fourth rows) unite the
radiating tubes, the radiating tubes being bent upwards and downwards or the ends
forcibly brought nearer together to receive the union bends between the two
casings. The elongated holes C' facilitate this being done. The inner ends of
these double tubes K forming a U or rounded V are screwed through the wall of
the central tube A and are supplied with nuts, thus the nuts at both ends of the
tube are protected from the furnace gases whilst the junctions are kept warm by
the outer casing.
It will be obvious however that the double outer casing aforesaid may be
dispensed with, without departing from the nature of the invention, and a single

page_text: onter casing C used instead, in which caso the Ụ or rounded V tubes may be male
in the manner above described with union bends, or they may be plain bent tube
of U shape, or rounded V shape secured at both ends to the wall of the central
tube, by preference in three series, one series above and two below the diaphragm D.
This is the arrangement shown in Figures 1 and 3 of the drawings. In such case,
there may be six rows of holes above the diaphragm and six rows of holes in
the series below. I generally prefer however as a rule eight rows of holes in each
set or series, in which case the first, second, third an1 fourth raws (Figure 4) ara
arranged with the holes in different vertical planes alternating, the next four
above (5, 6, 7 and 8) in correspon ling vertical planes with these four, that is the
holes in the highest plane are perpendicular above the holes in the fourth plane,
the holes in the bottom plane with those in th: fifth plans, etcetera. The tubes
are placed through these holes and radiating out from the holes (1, 2, 3 and 4),
Figure 4. they return to the holes (5, 6, 7 and 8). This disposition of the tubes is
clearly shown in the figures, the holes 1, 2, 3 an 14 boing the enls of the beat
tubes where they radinte out from the central tube A aal 5,6,7 al 8 the opposite
ends of the same tubes where they return to the central tub, lan1 5 being th
same tube, 2 and the same and so on.. By this arrangement the tubes projoo
radially all. round the central tube A directly in the path of the flames anl com-
bustion gases froin the furnace, whilst the diaphragm D directs the course of hot
gases from the furnace.
It will be obvious that there may be more than one diaphragm, an1 for different
sized boilers there may be two, three or even four series of tubes between each
diaphragm, the gases from the furance passing through each by holes on opposite
sides to the holes in the diaphragms above and below. The bottom series of rudial
tubes extends only so far as the fire bridge L, thus leaving a clear spica for the
grate. The ends of the bent water tubes are fastened in the wall of the chamber A
by screwing the ends of the tube and tapping the lioles in the cylinder A to receive
the screw bushing M. The curve of the tube plate is taken off by a counter siuk
drill, the screwed bashing M turned conical and screwed up to the countersink,
making a permanent watertight joiut. Lock nuts N are screwed on to the tube
ends against the bushings M. Shoull a tube give out from any cause and sufficient
time not be available to renew the same (although only a short time is required
to change a tube) the lock nuts N on both ends of the tube may be changed for
screwed blind caps. Any other method of securing the ends of the tales in the
chamber A may be employed. The furnace G is formed with arched brickwork O,
and the grate may be divided by a mid-fenther if necessary.
In action tho course of the gases from the furnace is through and among the
second and lower series of water tubes K and all round the central water chamber A,
then through the opening H in the diaphragm D, returning to the front in the
upper series of water tubes where the uptake J and chimney are placed. The
casing may be extended beyond the tube ends for the uptake J so as to enlarge
the same at the base of the funnel. The casing C is made in sectious or segments
so as to be readily portable and casily put together. The central water tube A
ends some distauce below the lowest series of radial water tubes so as to have a
settling place for sediment, and in this settling part 1 place a blow-off cock.
In Figure 1, I have only shown some of the holes in the central tube from which
the smaller tubes radiate, but it must of courso be understood that these holes go
round the tube as described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inveu-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improvement in tubulous boilers, which consists in arranging a central
water tube of large diameter, connected with the feed water supply, and a series
of smaller bent water tubes radiating from the central tube all round it, and directly
in the path of the flames and bot combustion gases from the furnace, in combination

page_text: with one or more diaphragms and casings so arranged as to direct the course of
the hot furnace gases around and among the tubes, substantially as described.
2. A tubulous boiler having a large central water tube and steam chamber, in
combination with U or rounded V water tubes radiating from the central tube into
the path of the flames or hot furnace gases, and so arranged that there shall be a
free passage for the cironlation of water into and out of the tubes by the holes in
the wall of the central tube, substantially as described.
3. In a tubulous boiler, having a large central water tube with series of
Ushaped water tubes radiating from it, arranging the lower rows of holes in
each series which receive the radiating tubes and wherein they are secured, in
different vertical planes alternating, and those above in each series in corresponding
vertical planes with those below substantially as described.
4. The general combined arrangement and construction of parts forming my
improved tubulous boiler substantially as set forth.
Dated this 31st day of March 1897
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of Liverpool, Manchester, Birmingham, and London, Patent Agents.