IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS FOR BURNING LIGHT AND HEAVY MINERAL AND VEGETABLE OILS.
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LAMPS FOR BURNING LIGHT AND HEAVY MINERAL AND VEGETABLE OILS.".
A communication from abroad by Etienne Laporte, of Paris, France.
Sealed the 9th October 1863, and dated the 14th April 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald
Brooman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 14th April 1863.
J, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS FOR BURNING LIGHT AND HEAVY MINERAL AND
VEGETABLE OILS," to be as follows:-
In lamps with a side supply cistern I use a wick-carrier tube, and surround
it by a concentric tube, space being left between the two for holding the wick,
and a supply to the same; a plate or ring with an air passage through the
centre closes the bottom of both tubes. I prefer to use a button to spread
the flame; this button is carried on a rod worked by a pinion on a projecting
spindle, while another spindle is fitted for raising and lowering the wick. A
deflecting cone, the edges of which aro turned up to hold the chimney
or chimney and globe, slides up and down the outer tube; the top of the conc
should be set on a level with the top of the burner. An inclined tube forms a
communication between the annular chamber formed between the wick-holder

page_text: tube and that which surrounds it and the bottom of the supply cistern. The
level of the supply in the cistern should be in a line with the top of the burner
or a little below it, according to the density of the oil, and the bottom thereof
should be on a level with the inclined conducting tube. To maintain the level
in the supply cistern it is formed with an inner box or case which holds the
oil, which flows out through a thimble on the bottom thereof, closed by a
movable valve; this valve opens as soon as the box is placed in the outer case.
As the level lowers, so the oil flows out from the inner box. The thimble is
hollowed in front to the exact height to which the oil is to rise to the burner,
so that when the oil becomes consumed at the burner, the air entering the
inner box allows a sufficient quantity of oil to run out and rise to the level of
the burner. I place a bridge above the entrance into the inclined conducting
pipe to prevent the oil bubbling up at the burner.
In moderator lamps, in order to keep the level to which the oil is caused to
rise by the pressure of the piston below the point of combustion, I form series
of holes in the inner or outer tube at different levels, through one or other of
which the oil falls back into the reservoir according to its density, while the
other series may be closed by a sliding ring. As mineral oils act injuriously
upon the leather pistons in moderator lamps as well as upon the interior of the
metal reservoir, I coat the leather with some material which, without depriving
the leather of its suppleness, protects it from the action of the oil, such as
starch and fish glue. I also coat the inside of the reservoir with the same, or
I apply an edging of whalebone round the piston. Sometimes I form the
inside of the reservoir with glass, porcelain, or other vitreous material, or of
enamelled metal. For emptying the reservoir, I fit a screw stopper in the
bottom thereof. For lamps with crowns the arrangement of the burner and
chimney carrier is similar to that in the lamps already described; the reser-
voir is in the form of a hollow ring, and carries a rim for holding the reflector ;
it is supported by two inclined tubes, one of which conducts the oil to the
burner chamber; its position is such that its lower end should never be lower
than about th of an inch below the bottom of the wick, while the upper
level of the reservoir must be regulated to suit the oils to be consumed.
Again, the level may be about nd inch below the point of combustion.
According to the density of the oil, so can its flow be regulated by means of a
plug on the end of a rod inserted in the tube through which the oil passes to
the wick.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 14th October 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her beirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that I, the said Richard
Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as 1, thé said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and law-.
fully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS FOR BURNING LIGHT AND HEAVY MINERAL AND
VEGETABLE OILS," (communicated to me from abroad by Etienne Laporte, of
Paris, France,) upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Richard
Archibald Brooman, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do hereby
declaro the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say:-
In lamps with a side supply cistern I uso a wick-carrier tube, and surround
it by a concentric tube, space being left between the two for holding the wick
and a supply to the same; a plate or ring with an air passage through the
centre closes the bottom of both tubes. I prefer to use a button to spread the
flame; this button is carried on a rod worked by a pinion on a projecting
spindle, while another spindle is fitted for raising and lowering the wick. A
deflecting cone, the edges of which are turned up to hold the chimney or

page_text: chimney and globe, slides up and down the outer tube; the top of the conc
should be set on a level with the top of the burner. An inclined tube forms
a communication between the annular chamber formed between the wick-
holder tube and that which surrounds it and the bottom of the supply cistern.
The level of the supply in the cistern should be in a line with the top of the
burner or a little below it, according to the density of the oil, and the bottom
thereof should be on a level with the inclined conducting tube. To maintain
the level in the supply cistern it is formed with an inner box or case which
holds the oil, which flows out through a thimble on the bottom thereof, closed
by a moveable valve; this valve opens as soon as the box is placed in the outer
case. As the level lowers, so the oil flows out from the inner box. The
thimble is hollowed in front to the exact height to which the oil is to rise to
the burner, so that when the oil becomes consumed at the burner, the air
entering the inner box allows a sufficient quantity of oil to run out and rise to
the level of the burner. I place a bridge above the entrance into the inclined
conducting pipe to prevent the oil bubbling up at the burner.
In moderator lamps, in order to keep the level to which the oil is caused to
rise by the pressure of the piston below the point of combustion, I form series
of holes in the inner or outer tube at different levels, through one or other of
which the oil falls back into the reservoir according to its density, while the
other series may be closed by a sliding ring. As mineral oils act injuriously
upon the leather p: tons in moderator lamps as well as upon the interior of tho.
metal reservoir, I coat the leather with some material which, without depriving
the leather of its suppleness, protects it from the action of the oil, such as
starch and fish glue. I also coat the inside of the reservoir with the same, or
I apply an edging of whalebone round the piston. Sometimes I form tho
inside of the reservoir of glass, porcelain, or other vitreous material, or of.
enamelled metal. For emptying the reservoir, I fit a screw stopper in the
bottom thereof. For lamps with crowns, the arrangement of the burner and
chimney carrier is similar to that in the lamps already described; the reservoir
Is in the form of a hollow ring, and carries a rim for holding the reflector; it
is supported by two inclined tubes, one of which conducts the oil to the burner
chamber; its position is such that its lower end should never be lower than
about one-sixteenth of an inch below the bottom of the wick, while the upper
level of the reservoir must be regulated to suit the oils to be consumed. Again,
the level may be about one thirty-second of an inch below the point of com-
bustion. According to the density of the oil, so can its flow be regulated by
means of a plug on the end of a rod inserted in the tube through which the oil
passes to the wick.

page_text: Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a sectional elevation of a lamp
with a side supply cistern; Figure 2, an elevation, partly in section, of a
moderator lamp; and Figure 8, a sectional elevation of a lamp with a crown,
particularly suitable for use in railway carriages, all constructed according to
this Invention. The same letters of reference indicato corresponding parts in
all the Figures.
In the lamp with a side supply cistern, Figure 1, I use a wick-carrier
tube a, and surround it by a concentric tube 6; the bottom of both these tubes
is closed by a plate or ring 9, with an air passage through the centre; f is a
button for spreading the flame, carried on a rod worked by a piuion on a pro-
jecting spindle d; c is another spindle for raising and lowering the wick; his
a deflecting cone free to slide up and down the tube 6; the top of this cono
should be set on a level with the top of the burner; the edges thereof are-
turned up at i, to hold the chimney or chimney and globe; & is a tube forming
a communication between the bottom of the supply cistern 1 and the annular
chamber formed by the tubes a and b. The supply cistern may be of any con-
venient shape; the level of the supply therein should, as before stated, be in a
line with the top of the burner, or a little below it, according to the density of
the oil, and the bottom thereof should be on a level with the tube k. To
maintain the level in the cistern it is formed with an inner box or case m
which holds the oil, which flows out through a thimble n, closed by a movable
valve o; this valve opens as soon as the box m is placed in the vessel 7. The
oil flows out from the box m in proportion as the level lowers. The thimble n
is hollowed in front, as before mentioned, to the exact height to which the oil
is to rise to the burner, so that when the oil becomes consumed at the burner,
the air entering the box in allows a sufficient quantity of oil to run out and
rise to the burner. p is a bridge above the entrance into the tube k to prevent
the oil bubbling up at the burner.
In the moderator lamp, Figure 2, u, u, are series of holes in the inner or
outer tube at different levels, through one or other of which, according to its
density, the oil falls back into the reservoir, while the other series may be
closed by a sliding ring; tis a screw stopper in the bottom of the reservoir
for emptying the same; j is a gallery pierced with small air holes.
In the lamp with a crown, Figure 3, the arrangement of the burner and
chimney carrier is similar to the lamp represented in Figure 1. The reservoir
m is in the form of a hollow ring, and carries a rim for holding the reflector 9;
it is supported by two inclined tubes k, k'. The tube k conducts the oil to the
burner, as before stated; its position is such that its lower end should never be
lower than one-sixteenth of an inch below the bottom of the wick, while the

page_text: upper level of the reservoir must be regulated to suit the oils to be consumed;
or the level may be about one thirty-second of an inch below the point of com-
bustion. The reservoir is charged with oil through an aperture closed by a
screw stopper t.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what 5
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,-.
First, constructing those lamps which have a side supply cistern substan-
tially as herein-before described and illustrated at Figure 1 of the accompanying
Drawings.
Second, constructing moderator lamps substantially as herein-before de- I
scribed and illustrated at Figure 2 of the accompanying Drawings.
Third, constructing those lamps which have crowns substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated at Fig. 3 of the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whercof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have here-
unto set my band and seal, this Fourteenth day of October One 1
thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
R. A. BROOMAN. (L.S.)
R. A. BROOMAN. (L.S.)