IMPROVE MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FORGING AND PRESSING METALS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Brown Wilson, of 5, Parliament Street, in
the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FORGING AND PRESSING METALS AND
OTHER SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 16th June 1863, and dated the 19th December 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Brown Wilson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th December 1862.
I, EDWARD BROWN WILSON, of 5, Parliament Street, in the City of
Westminster, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FORGING AND.
PRESSING METALS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of
machinery or apparatus for forging and pressing metals and other substances,
and consists in the use of a powerful lever actuated by a screw cam, strain,
or hydraulic pressure so as to produce either a constant or intermittent
pressure upon the metal or other substance to be operated upon, such sub-
stances being forged or pressed into any desired form by the aid of suitable
dies situate under the lever before mentioned. One end of the lever is con-
nected by a powerful link or strap to the end of a fixed beam which supports

page_text: the die or matrix. The lever and the beam are constructed either of cast or
wrought iron or steel, and trussed or otherwise as may be found requisite
according to the strength required. The free end of the lever is acted upon
either by a screw, a cam, or by direct steam or hydraulic pressure, so as to
give either a constant or intermittent pressure. The mechanism which acts
upon the lever is contained in any convenient form of frame or support,
which frame or support may be made either stationary or moveable upon a
pivot, and provided with a counterweight for the facility of clearing the end of
the lever when it is desired to elevate the same.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Brown Wilson in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 19th June 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
BROWN WILSON, of 5, Parliament Street, in the City of Westminster, Civil
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Edward Brown Wilson, Her special license that I, the said Edward
Brown Wilson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Edward Brown Wilson, my executors, administrators, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FORGING AND PRESSING METALS
AND OTHER SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Edward Brown Wilson, my executors or administrators, by: an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, or under the hand and seal of one of them,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Brown Wilson, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention; and in what manner the same is to be

page_text: performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and to
the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:—
My said Invention relates, to a peculiar construction and arrangement of
machinery or apparatus for forging and pressing metals and other substances,
and consists in the use of a powerful lever actuated by a screw, cam, steam, or
hydraulic pressure, so as to produce either a constant or intermittent pressure
upon the metal or other substance to be operated upon, such substances being
forged or pressed into any desired form by the aid of suitable dies situate
under the lever before mentioned. One end of the lever is connected by a
powerful link or strap to the end of a fixed beam which supports the die or
matrix. The lever and beam are constructed-either of cast or wrought iron
or steel, and trussed or otherwise as may be found requisite according to the
strength required. The free end of the lever is acted upon either by a screw
or a cam, or by direct steam or hydraulic pressure, so as to give either a
constant or intermittent pressure. The mechanism which acts upon the lever
is contained in any convenient form of frame or support, which frame or
support may be made either stationary or movable upon a pivot, and provided
with a counterweight for the facility of clearing the end of the lever when it
is desired to elevate the same.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose I shall
refer to the several Figures on the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed,
the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts throughout all the
Figures.
Figure 1 of the annexed Sheet of Drawings represents a complete side
elevation of my improved machinery or apparatus for forging and compressing
metals and other substances; Figure 2 is a corresponding plan of the same
partly in section; Figure 3 is a front end elevation of the apparatus corre-
sponding to Figure 1; Figure 4 is a tranverse vertical section of the apparatus
taken through the centre of the pressing die and matrix; and Figure 5 is a
detail plan of the matrix or lower die detached.
A is the top or compressing beam, and a the corresponding bottom beam
for receiving the die and taking up the pressure. These two beams are con-
nected together at one end by powerful links or metal plates B, 6, and work
on the fulcrum or centre f. C, C, are radial rods connected at their upper
extremities to the front end of the top beam and at their lower ends to the
opposite sides of the hydraulic ram E, working in the cylinder D. This
cylinder is connected by a pipe F direct to the cistern of a hydraulic pump

page_text: at G, which is worked by a steam engine S attached to the boiler R. Any
other convenient arrangement of apparatus may however be employed in
actuating the pump G. A water cylinder H (the piston rod of which is con-
nected by a rod I to the lever or beam A) communicates by a pipe h with the
cylinder of the hydraulic press, and holds sufficient water to fill that cylinder
when the ram E is pressed down by the descent of the top lever A. By the
use of this water cylinder or chamber H, the same quantity of water may be
employed repeatedly without running to waste, since when the lever and
ram E are raised the water in the cylinder D of the press will flow back again
into the water cylinder H. Another advantage is, that the main cylinder D
being filled by the water which is forced into it from the cylinder H as fast as
the ram E descends, a saving of time is effected, inasmuch as a small quantity
of water only (sufficient to give the final nip or pressure) is required to be
pumped into the press through the separate pipe F. The lever is elevated by
means of a steam cylinder K, the piston rod L of which is connected to the lever
or beam A. J is the steam pipe which supplies the steam from the boiler R
to the steam cylinder K, which cylinder is securely connected by a swivel
joint to the lower beam a. P, p, are the top and bottom dies; the top die P
is connected by a ball-and-socket joint O to the beam A, and the bottom die is
provided with running wheels as shown, whereby it can be readily brought
under the beam A along rails or trams for that purpose. So soon as the die p
is brought into its proper position over the beam a and under the top die P,
the rail ends shown at N, N, are permitted to descend a few inches so as to
bring the bottom of the die p down upon a supporting block n on the surface
of the beam a (see Figure 4), when it is ready to receive the pressure of the
upper beam and die P. The raising and lowering of the rails N may be
effected in various ways, but I prefer to employ a screw spindle acting upon a
lever M, as shown in Figure 1. In order to maintain the lever or beam A
elevated I employ a lever Q connected to a rod T, which is forked at one end,
and works to and fro horizontally when the lever Q is moved. The forked
end of this rod takes into a stud U fast in one or both the links C, and
thus holds the beam elevated until released by the withdrawal of the
rod T.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, I would observe, in conclusion, that what I consider to be novel
and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,-
First, the general construction and arrangement of machinery or apparatus

page_text: for forging and pressing metals and other substances as herein-before
described.
Second, the application and use to and in the forging and pressing metals
and other substances of a lever actuated by steam or hydraulic pressure
combined or by hydraulic pressure alone, so as to produce either a constant or
an intermittent pressure upon the substance to be operated upon substantially
as herein-before described.
Third, the combination of dies or matrices with the lever press herein-
before referred to for the purpose of forging and pressing metals or
other substances into any desired shape, substantially as herein-before
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Brown Wilson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of June, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-three.
EDWP. B. WILSON. (L.S.)