matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVEMENT IN SEWING OR EMBROIDERING MACHINES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th January 1877.
WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent. "AN IMPROVEMENT IN SEWING OR EMBROIDERING
MACHINES." A communication from abroad by Emile Cornely, of Paris, France.
The sewing or embroidering machines which produce the single chain stitch by
the combined action of a hook and looper have been employed thus far with a single
thread only, which is laid around the hook by an oscillating or revolving looper,
through which the thread passes, so that when the hook rises through and above
the cloth it lays the loop upon it, after which it descends through the first loop
to fetch the following one.
The object of my present Invention is to produce a chain stitching by means of
two threads, but in such a manner that one thinner thread shall always appear
regularly above another thicker thread, and when the two threads are of different
colors they produce an ornamental embroidery.
On the accompanying Sheet of Drawing,
Fig. 1 represents a top view of a circular looper.
Fig. 2 represents a side view of the upper part or crown of said looper.
Fig. 3 represents the hook. All three on an enlarged scale.
The thread B passes through a notch or hole a, and through the hollow part
of the looper A, and as the hook C descends the looper oscillates in the direction
of the arrow d, and lays the thread around the hooks C which draws it up as it rises.
To employ a second thread I drill a second hole b into the crown of the looper A;
in a slanting direction, so that it opens into the hollow central part of the looper A,
and I pass a second thread D through it; the looper will therefore, as it turns in
the direction of the arrow, infallibly lay, first the thread B, and afterwards the
thread D into the hook C, so that the latter will always appear above the former
in irregular loops, and thus produce an ornamental embroidery.
This double thread looper may be employed as well in chain stitch machines
which make a zig-zag or cross stitch where the embroidery will be still more
ornamental, and also in combination with braid or any other appliance.
A NEW AND IMPROVED METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR AFTER FLUSHING' WATERCLOSETS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Fellows at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th April 1877.
GEORGE FELLOWS, of Hackney, in the County of Middlesex. "A NEW AND
IMPROVED METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR AFTER FLUSHING' WATERCLOSETS."
According to my Invention I obtain the "after flush" in the pan of waterclosets
without the use of a trapping box, as now generally employed. For this purpose I
connect a weighted lever to the bar that is attached to the back of the pan. At
the other end of this bar I connect a short open slotted lever, into which a catch in
the end of the plug lever takes. By pulling up the plug lever the pan is turned
down to empty the contents, and when empty the weighted lever brings the pan
back to its normal position, and before the plug is released. So long as the plug is
held up water will flow into the pan, which is perforated at or near the upper part
to prevent overflow, with the additional advantage of keeping the outside of the
clean by the water running down same.
pan
When the plug is released the flow of water is arrested, and the catch goes back
into the slotted lever aforesaid ready for further use.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BRAKES FOR CAR- RIAGES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd October 1877. A com-
munication from abroad by Amédée Grosse, of Luxembourg, in the Duchy of
Luxembourg,
HENRY EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BRAKES FOR CAR-
RIAGES." [A communication from abroad by Amédée Grosse, of Luxembourg, in
the Duchy of Luxembourg.]
The object of this Invention is to obviate the many inconveniences connected
with the use of the ordinary carriage brake in which the brake block is caused to
press against the tyre of the wheel, and to this end the pressure of the brake is
removed from the wheel tyre to the nave of the wheel.
In carrying out the Invention a metal disc is secured to the inner face of the
nave or hub of the wheel to take the pressure of the brake block. The contact
surfaces of the disc and nave may be made to interlock to assist in securing the
firm connection of these parts together. The brake block is carried by a lever
which is pivotted to plates made fast to the axle, and this lever may be worked in
any approved manner to put the brake in action or to throw it out of action.
Fitted to the side of the disc is a ring for preventing any oil which may escape
from the axle box finding its way on to the brake surfaces.
By this arrangement of brake the play of the springs is in no way interfered
with, the fulcrum on which the brake lever works being carried by the axle.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PLAYING CARDS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Clayton Mewburn at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th November 1877. A communication
from abroad by the Société Hippolyte Lequart et Mignot, of Paris, France.
JOHN CLAYTON MEWBURN, of 169, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent and Consulting Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN PLAYING CARDS." [A com-
munication from abroad by the Société Hippolyte Lequart et Mignot, of Paris,
France.]
With ordinary playing cards it is necessary to spread the "hand" like a fan, in
order to distinguish the value or rank of the different cards. An attempt has
been made to overcome this inconvenience by marking the number or rank at the
corners of the cards; but this mode is found to complicate the cards on account of
these additional signs or marks placed outside the ordinary pips or marks, and
thus to do away with that simplicity which good players appreciate.
Now the object of this Invention is without complicating or altering the general
appearance of the cards, to allow of the value or rank of every card to be readily
seen, whereby the sorting of the "hand," and the selection of the cards when
playing, are much facilitated.
-
The Invention consists in placing figures or numbers which indicate the value of
the card within or upon one of the ordinary pips of the card, and by preference
within or upon the pip which is nearest the upper left-hand corner, the pip being
colored red or black in the ordinary manner except that the figure therein is left
white.
For aces a small additional pip is placed in the left-hand corner, and this small
pip, besides differing in size from the central pip, and containing the figure "1" is
distinguished by not being colored over its whole surface, but only in lines or
otherwise, so that the card may not be mistaken for a card of another value.
For "court" cards the single pips in the corners contain letters or signs to indicate
the rank, viz., "K" for a king, "Q" for a queen, and "Kn" for a knave; or to
prevent confusion between the king and the knave, a small crown may be put over
the K on the king.
14
For the "twos" and "threes," the pips instead of being placed in a vertical line

page_text: are placed diagonally; there is thus one of the ordinary pips at the left hand corner,
where it can be readily seen, and this pip has the figure 2 on the figure 3 within it.
Although I have described the placing of the figure within or upon only one pip
of each card, a like figure should also be placed in that pip which is diagonally
opposite, so that a numbered pip will always be in the upper left-hand corner
whichever end of the card may come uppermost.
In order to print these cards with the white figures or numbers within the colored
pips, as described, a portion corresponding to such figures or numbers is cut or
reserved in the engraved blocks.
FOR HAULING FISHING NETS, THE SAME BEING APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Hendry and William
Marshall at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th April
1877.
ALEXANDER HENDRY, Shipowner, and WILLIAM MARSHALL, Rope and Sail Maker,
"AN IMPROVED MACHINE
both of Buckie, in the County of Banff, North Britain.
FOR HAULING FISHING NETS, THE SAME BEING APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
This Invention has reference to an improved machine for hauling nets, and
working the same in fishing boats. The machine may also be used for putting up
and down masts and sails, for hauling anchor ropes or chains, and for other lifting
or lowering operations in connection with fishing boats.
If placed in a boat having steam power steam may be applied for operating the
mechanism.
The working parts of the machine are carried in a frame or box.
One of the improvements consists in actuating the three hauling sheaves or
pulleys by means of an endless chain or band working in contact with notched
pulleys placed inside the frame or box, and which are concealed by a moveable
cover.
The improvements further consist in arranging the chain round the pulleys (of
which one is attached to the axle of each of the three hauling pulleys), thus insuring
a maximum of contact or grip of the chain or band thereon. A small pulley, called
a "tension pulley," working loose on a stud, moveable at pleasure, is placed in the
apex of the triangle formed by the box, and is for the purpose of tightening or
slackening the endless chain or band should it get too slack or too tight.
A further improvement, forming part of the Invention, consists in the introduction
of a second or slower motion to the machine, which is of advantage to the fisher-
man, as by it they are enabled with the same mechanism to haul their nets in
rough or tempestuous weather, when otherwise they might lose them.
The Invention further consists in placing the arrangement of triangular pulleys

page_text: at an angle between the horizontal and vertical, and the two outer pulleys are
constructed with flat and curved portions so as to assist in preventing the rope from
slipping from or heaving out of the grooves of the pulleys. By this improvement
the attendance of a man for keeping the rope in the grooves of the pulleys is
dispensed with.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER AND MILLBOARDS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James K. Martin at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 6th June 1877.
JAMES K. MARTIN, of Hopefield Mill, Bathgate, Linlithgowshire, North Britain.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER AND MILLBOARDS."
My Invention consists of the use in the manufacture of paper and inillboards of
leather cuttings or waste reduced to a pulp or half stuff in a powerful beating
engine, together with one-third in bulk of hemp or other vegetable fibre, which,
after being beaten fine, is sized and colored and treated with alum or preparation
of alum in the proportion of 10 lbs. to 2 hundredweights of pulp. The pulp or half
stuff so made is then manufactured into hand-made inillboard, or for paper run on
an ordinary paper making machine, which millboard or paper is afterwards dried
and calendered in the usual way.
For rendering the millboards waterproof I coat them with solid paraffin and
them through heated rollers.
pass
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND IN APPARATUS FOR OPENING PRESERVED MEAT TINS, CANS, AND OTHER LIKE RECEPTACLES.
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Rufus Herbert Rose at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th February 1877.
RUFUS HERBERT ROSE, of 14, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middle-
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND IN APPARATUS FOR OPENING PRESERVED
MEAT TINS, CANS, AND OTHER LIKE RECEPTACLES.*
sex.
$2
This Invention consists in a modo of and apparatus for opening cans or meat
tins, in which the fulcrum is placed in the centre of the head of the tin and the
knife cuts round the tin near the corner. In consists in a sharp steel point in the
head of a bar sliding in a hole, groove, or brackets in or on a handle. This bar has
preferably a piston at the other end; this piston is screwed or attached to the bar
by set screw or otherwise, so that it can be taken off when the bar is required to
be taken out and the point sharpened. When the piston is used the bar slidos in
a well fitting hole round it at the end of the handle nearest point aforesaid.
Attached to the handle, preferably by screws, is an adjustable blade projecting
out parallel with the bar before mentioned, or at an angle with it; if parallel, the
knife cuts the sides of the tin; if at an angle, the end or head. The mode of action
is as follows:-The blade being adjusted, pierce the can with it, and then set the
point approximately in the centre of the head, pressing it in to act as a fulcruin.
Now pressing on the knife and guiding it round the tin the head is cut off. I propose
to call this knife Lewis' universal can opener.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Lloyd Jones at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th December 1877.
FRANCIS LLOYD JONES, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Mill
Manager. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
In the manufacture of " cotton cloths" having "headings," or "borders," which latter
are mainly put in in colours, there is a want of lustro by reason of the warp threads
usually of a different colour from the heading or border weft threads shewing
amongst the latter. The object of this Invention is the application of certain
improvements to looms so as to weave the heading or borders of the cloth more
closely and in relief to the body or width of the piece.
According to this my Invention, I time and speed the take-up motion of the cloth
roller by means of a cam acting upon a lever connected with the finger rod during
the weaving of the heading, and employ additional cams or tappets for working the
treaddles and extra treaddles. The tappets I prefer should all be on one boss, and
slided or operated as to effect the plain or piece weaving, and also the extra and
relief weaving of the heading. An additional "roller" connected with the healds is
also employed.
By the use of the apparatus above described is produced a raised and crowded
heading and is secured very superior in effect to the ordinary heading.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN MOULDING BOXES EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SCORIA BRICKS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Charlton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd July 1877.
WILLIAM CHARLTON, of Ripon, in the County of York, Iron Founder. "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MOULDING BOXES EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SCORIA
BRICKS."
These improved boxes are applicable to rotary or other scoria brick-moulding
machines of ordinary construction. The moulding box is constructed of metal
formed to suit the size or shape of the brick or other form, and hinged on to a
bracket attached to the rotary or other table.
The hinged box is retained in position to receive the molten scoria by means of a
catch in connection with the herein-before mentioned bracket. When the scoria is
sufficiently set the catch may be released by the attendant or by other convenient
arrangement; this being done the hinged box opens and allows the brick or other
form to slip out on to a table or other convenient place. I provide a counter balance
weight, whereby the box is reclosed after being relieved of the brick or other form,
and prepared thereby for another operation.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR AUTOMATICALLY FEEDING LAMPS WITH OIL OR SPIRIT
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Stubbs Clements and George
Thomas Lashain at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th
November 1877.
GEORGE STUBBS CLEMENTS and GEORGE THOMAS LASHAM, both of Grove Vale,
East Dulwich, in the County of Surrey, Accountants. "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS
FOR AUTOMATICALLY FEEDING LAMPS WITH OIL OR SPIRIT."
Our Invention relates to apparatus for automatically supplying oil or spirit to
lamps or burners, in which apparatus the flow of the oil or spirit is regulated by the
joint action of gravity and pneumatic pressure.
The said apparatus may be adapted to feed any desired number of lamps or burners
arranged in the form of a chandelier or otherwise, and may be arranged in any
convenient position in a room or apartment, or other part of a house or building.
The said Invention consists chiefly in the combination with the lamps or burners
and their supply tubes of a reservoir or holder for the oil or spirit, and a pneumatic
regulating chamber placed below the said reservoir. This reservoir or holder
must be arranged at a higher level then the oil chambers of the lamps to be supplied
from the same, and is closed air-tight at its top or upper part, though if desired it
may be provided with a stop-cock to be opened when the said reservoir is to be
supplied with oil or spirit. This reservoir is preferably formed at its lower end with
a tube or neck, like the neck of a bottle, and this neck is also provided with a stop-
cock, which will be closed when the upper one is opened. The said tube or neck
extends down into the aforesaid pneumatic regulating chamber to a distance
determined by the required level of fluid to be maintained in the said chamber.
And above this level air is freely admitted into the said chamber by one or more
suitable holes or perforations. From this lower chamber or vessel tubes or pipes
extend to the lamps or burners.
When the aforesaid reservoir is properly filled with oil or spirit, and the tap in
the neck or tube is opened, the fluid will flow from the said reservoir into the lower
or regulating chamber until the fluid in this chamber rises to the level of the mouth
of the said neck or tube. The flow will then cease as the weight of the fluid in the
said reservoir will be counterbalanced by the pneumatic or atmospheric pressure

page_text: upon the surface of the fluid in the regulating chamber. This suspension or inaction
of the fluid will continue until the combustion in the lamps has reduced the level in
the regulating chamber, when the flow of liquid from the reservoir will immediately
recommence.
It will be obvious that with our improved apparatus there will be a uniform
supply of oil or spirit, and that there will be no possibility of accident from the
overflowing of the liquid in the lamps, or other parts of the apparatus.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE STEERING GEAR OF STEAM & SAILING SHIPS."
Year: 1877

page_text: 1.
LETTERS PATENT to George Washington Allen, of South Shields, in the County
of Durham, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE STEERING GEAR OF
STEAM & SAILING SHIPS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Washington Allen at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th September 1877.
GEORGE WASHINGTON ALLEN, of South Shields, in the County of Durham.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE STEERING GEAR OF STEAM & SAILING SHIPS."
The improvements consist in use and interposition between links and shackles of
steering chains of india-rubber, to act as a spring or buffer and so exhaust sudden
strains, and consequently prevent the breaking of the steering chains; also in the
mode of applying and holding the rubber, which is as follows:-I take a piece of
rubber, preferably in the shape of a ball, and enclose it between two caged receptacles
of metal, interlaced one with the other in such manner that the ball may turn
freely when the caged receptacles are not taught, and when taught, the rubber be
confined and protected from injury by the sides of the cage. The caged receptacles
are furnished with holes at their ends for connecting them with the links of the
chain, and are so connected one with the other so as to allow of a lateral play for
going over curved surfaces.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Washington Allen in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
22nd January 1878.
GEORGE WASHINGTON ALLEN, of South Shields, in the County of Durham.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE STEERING GEAR OF STEAM AND SAILING SHIPS."
The improvements consist in the use and novel interposition between links and
shackles of steering chains of india-rubber to act as a spring or buffer, and so
exhaust sudden strains, and consequently prevent the breaking of the steering
chains. Also in the mode of applying and holding the rubber, which is as follows:-
I take a piece of rubber, preferably in the shape of a ball, and enclose it within two
caged receptacles of metal, interlaced one within the other in such manner that the
ball may turn freely. when the caged receptacles are not. taught, and when taught,
the rubber be confined and protected from injury by the sides of the cage. The
caged receptacles are furnished with holes at their ends for connecting them with
the links of the chain, and are so connected one with the other so as to allow of a
lateral play for going over curved surfaces.
The annexed Drawing will serve to illustrate a convenient mode of performing
the improvements, but I do not bind myself to the precise shape of the parts shown,
as they may be varied to a great extent without departing froin the nature of my
Invention.
A is the rubber; B, one caged receptacle, and C, the other; the eyes D are for the
purpose of connection with the shackles.
Two or more of my improved links may be used.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Washington Allen, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Seventh day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
G.. W. ALLEN. (L.S.)
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION loft by William Henry Raynor at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd February 1877
WILLIAM HENRY RAYNER, of Low Moor, in the County of York, Overlooker.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING"
This Invention relates to improved pickers and also to an apparatus for regu-
lating the position of the picker according to the requirements of sending the
shuttle, giving an increased speed to the loom, producing less wear and tear of the
pickers, preventing the cutting or bicaking of the shuttle box, and facilitating the
weaving of plain work For this purpose I fit on the ends of the shuttle box,
either for cucular box or plain looms, moveable brackets which oscillate or tuin on
sockets formed or fitted to the brackets In these sockets is fitted the picker spindle
which is made to pass through the bracket fitted to the shuttle-box guard, and is
bent 1ound, passing through a recess made in the guard, the bent part of the spindle
is then brought round and made to pass through an opening made in front of the
bracket, and prolonged until it fits in another opening made or formed in the front
of the bracket fitted to the end of the shuttle box, this prolongation of the spindle
forms the guide 1od of the pickel, guiding the picker when picking, on the bent
end of the spindle is formed a projecting piece which fits in an opening made in the
guide steadying the spindle
The picker is made of sizing and formed with two lugs through which passes the
spindle, the tops of the lugs are joined by a cross piece, in which is made a slot
opening for the picking strap, the bottom part of the picker, which works in the
shuttle box, is made projecting, but does not touch the bottom of the shuttle box,
preventing the throwing of grease or black oil upon the pieces being woven, often
causing serious damage and spoiling the work in process On the front of the
picker is fixed a piece of sizing, bent and projecting, which is made with a slot
opening through which is passed the picker guide iod, this projecting piece of
sizing or picker guide works forwards and backward with the picker, guiding the
picker when picking
The picker is regulated in or out according to the requirements of sending the
shuttle by moving the brackets fitted to the end and guard of the shuttle box, and

page_text: this is effected by unscrewing the bolts keeping the brackets in position, and
moving the brackets, picker, and guide to the position requued by the shuttle,
giving by these means case to the picker and increased speed to the loom, pro-
ducing a great saving in the wear and tear of the picker, preventing the breaking
and cutting of the shuttle box, and facilitating the weaving of plain work.
IM- PROVED APPARATUS FOR THE PREVENTION OF WINDOW SHAKING
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Benjamin Watts at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th December 1877.
JOSEPH BENJAMIN WATTS, of Weymouth, in the County of Dorset. "IM-
PROVED APPARATUS FOR THE PREVENTION OF WINDOW SHAKING."
This Invention is substantially as follows:-A disc or wheel of suitable elastic
substance is formed with an opening in the centre thereof. On the face or flat side
of the disc or wheel a brass or metal washer is placed, the hole in the washer
corresponding with the opening in the disc or wheel. Into this opening is inserted
a brass or metal eyelet, which is rivetted through such opening, thereby securing
and rivetting the washer to the face of the wheel, the washer at the same time
preventing the eyelet from working through the wheel. Through the opening
formed by the eyelet a screw is inserted, which when applied with the disc or wheel
to a window to prevent shaking or rattling is screwed into the bead or frame of
the window, so that the rubber wheel presses firmly against the sash, the eyelet
allowing the rubber wheel to revolve easily when the sash is being opened or
closed.
Besides preventing the window shaking and rattling, it will also prevent wind
draught.
A NEW CANE UMBRELLA OR SUNSHADE
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henri François Stanislas Brandner
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th July 1877.
HENRI FRANÇOIS STANISLAS BRANDNER, Civil Engineer, resident at London,
Twenty-four, Langham Street, Portland Place, W. "A NEW CANE UMBRELLA OR
SUNSHADE."
The pocket umbrella or sunshade is made with, a) a central tube to be fitted at
one end of the stick; b) a solid cercle round or upon the central tube; c) the
cover around the circle; and d) a special ring placed inside the hem of the cover
and keeping the umbrella open when the ring is stretched. This ring (d) may be
constructed, A) either of steel, wood, and other hard substances, in several parts,
with hinges or joints; B) or, as a chaplet, in grains united by a rubber band or a
thread; C) or in india-rubber, or wire spring, or any elastical substance; D) or
even as a flexible tube in which air is introduced for opening the umbrella by
blowing it either with the mouth or with a rubber pear, or by means of an air pump
in the stick, the full part of the stick, as a rod or piston, being pushed into the
hollow part of the stick as a cylinder for driving the air through the rod and
through a thin conduct to the ring tube, or simply by introducing the end of the
stick into the central tube (a) closed at the top by the circle (6). In this case (D)
the ring may be made with the very stuff of the cover and confounded with the
hem. The central tube may serve as a box for the cover.
The umbrella or sunshade may besides receive any ornamental decorations, like
painting on the cover, fringes at the circumference, twistes between the stick and
ring, etc.
AND DISENGAGING APPARATUS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Cox at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents on the 7th June 1877.
JOHN Cox, of Bideford, in the County of Devon.
LOWERING AND DISENGAGING APPARATUS."
"
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BOAT
My Invention is intended to accomplish the lowering and disengaging of boats
from ships and other vessels in a sea way, without danger of the boat being
capsized or any other injury happening to her except total destruction from the
force of the sea, which under no circumstances can be prevented.
According to my Invention blocks carrying tackle are suspended from the
ordinary davits, the lower blocks being shackled or rivetted to slings extending to
the sides of the boat, and there retained by longitudinal bars or rods. These bars
or rods are operated, that is, are caused to move in contrary directions to one
another by means of a lever placed at or about the centre of boat 'mid-ships.
To disengage the boat the longitudinal bars or rods are simultaneously withdrawn
from the slings and the boat is free, a check disengaging handle being provided to
prevent the bars being overdrawn.
The withdrawal of the bars and consequent disengagement of the boat is effected
from the centre of the boat by one person there for that purpose, the whole gear
being secured by a single catch, the last thing to be removed before the lever is
withdrawn.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN STEAM STEERING APPARATUS, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS APPLICABLE TO OTHER MOTIVE POWER MACHINERY
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Chadburn at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st October 1877.
WILLIAM CHADBURN, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Optician. “IM-
PROVEMENTS IN STEAM STEERING APPARATUS, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS
APPLICABLE TO OTHER MOTIVE POWER MACHINERY."
The chief object of this Invention is to ensure the instantaneous action of steam
steering apparatus, whatever may be the position of the pistons of the steam
cylinders. To this end I emply a novel construction of rotary valve for supplying
the steam to the steering engines, and the peculiarity of this construction of valve
is that it is provided with a cut-off disc which works between the rotary valve and
its seat, and receives its motion from the crank shaft of the engine.
By the application of the cut-off disc to the steam valves I am enabled to ensure
that the engines shall instantly follow up the motion of the rotary valves which are
worked by the steersman. The cut-off discs are each provided with one steamway,
which may be brought over one or other of the steamways in their respective valve
seats according to the direction the pistons are required to take. These cut-off discs
are mounted on a transverse shaft which receives an axial motion through bevil gear
or its equivalent. From the crank shaft of the engines, and in line with this cut-off.
shaft, and at opposite ends thereof are two short spindles which carry at their inner
ends the rotary valves. The spindles carry spur wheels which receive motion from
a transverse shaft connected with the steering wheel, and thus the valves are caused
to answer to the movements of the steering wheel and admit steam to the steam
cylinders.
When the valves are moved to uncover the lap, which may be say of an inch,
steam will be admitted to the engines either at the front or back of the pistons as
the case may be. The discs will immediately follow this motion of the valves and
cut off the steam. Thus the motion of the rudder is consequent on, and accords
exactly with the motion of the rotary valves.
An incidental advantage of this arrangement of steering is that the engines may
be used as donkey engines for raising the anchor by simply connecting the rotary

page_text: valve spindles with the crank shaft so that the valves may rotate while the engine
is required to be used for this purpose.
I would remark that the above described valve is applicable to steam and
hydraulic engines where automatic motion is required, as for example in auxiliary
engines for reversing valve gear.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FLOWER POTS AND SAUCERS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Archibald Cameron and William Rock-
liffe at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th February
1877.
ARCHIBALD CAMERON and WILLIAM ROCKLIFFE, both of Sunderland, in the
County of Durham. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FLOWER POTS AND SAUCERS."
The improvements consist in making pots with or of chambered sides, or with
sides having vertical recesses, either on the inside or outside of the pot, and open at
the top, the object being to allow of the ready insertion of the sticks on which
plants are trained or supported. The chambers or recesses may be any convenient
shape in section.
The improvements in saucers consist in making them broader at the bottom than
at the top, and more or less to fit the bottom part of flower pots; also making the
diameter of the top rim smaller than the bottom.
Both pot and saucer may be made in molds with cores for forming the chambered
sides when of earthenware, but when of metal the pot and sides may be cast in one.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR LIFTING, SHOOTING, LOADING, AND WEIGHING SACKS, PART OF SAME BEING APPLICABLE TO WEIGHING PURPOSES GENERALLY.”
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Henry Tooley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th June 1877.
EDWIN HENRY TOOLEY, of Dunstable, in the County of Bedford, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR LIFTING, SHOOTING, LOADING, AND WEIGHING
SACKS, PART OF SAME BEING APPLICABLE TO WEIGHING PURPOSES GENERALLY.”
ni
According to this Invention angle or tee iron is employed for the standards or
frame of the apparatus; the frames are braced together by tie rods; small handles
may be formed on the upper ends of the frames to make the frames serve as a
barrow, wheels being then fitted to the feet.
To form feet to the frame the ends of the standards are flattened down, and when
forged and bent round they form sufficient support to keep the frame steady. In
order to make them sufficiently strong a piece of iron of the required thickness can
be welded to each of the feet; between the standards is made to slide a small frame,
to the sides of which are bolted grooved brackets which clasp the edges of the angle
or tee iron, and can thus be drawn up or down to any required height within the
limits of the frame by means of a chain or rope operated by a shaft and winch
handle. To this frame is attached a cradle for receiving the sack, the top bar of the
frame passing through the cradle and acting as a rocking shaft, thereby allowing the
sack to be canted over when wishing to transfer the contents from one sack to
another. At the top of the cradle is a mouth-piece for holding open the mouth of
the empty sack. To facilitate the loading of the sacks into a cart or trolly the foot
of the cradle is extended far enough to take the sack with its greatest width facing
the front of the machine, and the sack is supported in an upright position by a lever
hinged on the side of the cradle, thereby allowing the sack to be taken from the side
of the machine instead of the front, as heretofore, and preventing the handle from
coming in contact with the cart or trolly.
Across the feet of the machine are thrown two horizontal bars, attached to which
are suitable bearings for carrying the rocking levers or scale beams; at one end of
these beams a scale is centred for receiving the cradle as it descends; at the other
end a spring balance is adapted to the lever connected by two vertical rods, these
lower ends of the rods working on the ends of the levers, the spring balance being
[Price 2d1

page_text: firmly held to a pillar fastened to the horizontal bars. As soon as the weight is
placed on the scale the vertical rods cause a direct action upon the spring balance by
pushing it upwards, and the exact weight is thereby obtained without the aid of
dead weights.
The weighing appliance may also be used apart from the apparatus described for
weighing purposes generally.
A NEW INSTRUMENT OR APPARATUS FOR INDICATING THE DEPTH OF WATER IN THE HOLDS OF SHIPS OR OTHER VESSELS AT SEA
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Adamson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 31st January 1877.
JOIN ADAMSON, of Busby, in the County of Renfrew, North Britain "A NEW
INSTRUMENT OR APPARATUS FOR INDICATING THE DEPTH OF WATER IN THE HOLDS
OF SHIPS OR OTHER VESSELS AT SEA
"
This said Invention has reference to a new or improved construction or auange-
ment of mechanism for indicating the depth or height of water in the holds of
ships or other sailing or steam vessels, and the nature of the Invention consists in
having an oidmary copper or other float fitted and erected in a suitable chamber or
position near the bottom of the ship's hold, so as to float on and 11se and fall freely
with the surface level of the water therein, either attached to the free end of a
guiding lever, fulciumed at the other end at the mean height of its action to a
stationary post, or otherwise, the float might be guided in a stationary guide, such
as a slotted bar, or within an open free pipe with plenty of room for the water and
float to rise and fall freely in it The float, or the level to which it is attached, has
a copper or other wire attached to it, and led up the well or chamber through which
the pipes pass up from the bottom of the hold to the pumps on deck, and through
which the depth of the water is usually sounded in the hold by the putting down
of a long rod; this wire is connected at the top to to the one arm of a lever, having a
light weight attached to the other arm, which would also have a properly divided
index attached to it, or a pointer moved over a fixed divided index, seen through a
alit or narrow glass window opposite the index in a case carrying the fulcrum of
the upper lever above the deck or other convenient part of the ship for the purpose,
in which case the wine would be passed over a guide pulley, or have a bell crank for
the wire to be led away to the indicating lever. Or otherwise, instead of an indi-
cating lever above, the top end of the wire from the float might be coiled round a
pulley, and have a weight on the free end of the same wire, or another wire at the
opposite side of the pulley, so as to uncoil or be coiled at the same or a proportionate
ratio as the wine from the float is coiled or uncoiled respectively as the float and
water rise and fall in the hold An index hand on the spindle of the pulley, or on
a counter spindle, indicating the 1e or fall of the float, or depth of water in the
D

page_text: hold or
"well" of the ship where the float is, in feet or inches, or divisions
indicating these, proportionate to the length of levers or diameter of pulley and
divided index employed in relation to the actual rise of the float, or its lever when
it is attached and guided by one
It will be understood that when the float is mounted on a lever it might be 5
necessary to have more than one float and lever to act through a great range or
depth of water, as one float and lever with its wire and fittings above for
every two feet or so of height of water in the hold to be indicated.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HOISTING OR HAULING
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Sherrit at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 27th March 1877.
DAVID SHERRIT, of the City and County of Aberdeen, North Britain. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HOISTING OR HAULING."
This Invention relates to a new or improved apparatus, termed a hoist or cranc,
which is self holding, to be used on board herring fishing or other boats for winding
up ropes, hauling in nets, hoisting masts, for setting sails, or for heaving up
anchors.
The said improvements are applicable to steam, hydraulic, and hand cranes, or
winches used on board ships or other places for winding up ropes or chains, and in
raising or noving heavy weights.
The improvements consist of a pulley or pulleys covered with or made of
vulcanized india-rubber or other yielding substance, rolling on the circumference of
another pulley or pulleys, and held close to the circumference thereof by pressure,
the driving pulley or pulleys being grooved in the form of a V, and having small
half round projections extending from the top to the bottom of the groove on each
side alternately, or corrugated. The rope lies in this groove, and one or more of
the yielding pulleys press on the rope during the rotation of the pulleys, by which
means it is very readily wound up under any degree of resistance without becoming
disengaged.
A metallic or wooden pulley may be used instead of the yielding pulley in some
cases.
In the case of the apparatus being specially made for hauling in fishing nets the
outside edges of the grooved pulley or pulleys are covered with india-rubber,
leather, cloth, or other yielding substance. Sometimes the whole face is so covered
so as to protect the nets from being cut during the rotation of the pulleys when
hauling them on board.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRAPS FOR CATCHING BLACK BEETLES AND OTHER INSECTS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Samuel Millington at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th January 1877.
THOMAS SAMUEL MILLINGTON, of Median Road, Clapton, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman "IMPROVEMENTS IN TRAPS FOR CATCHING BLACK BEETLES
AND OTHER INSECTS
"
The trap is of any convenient form, and is made with an uneven surface on the
outside, so the black beetles and other insects can walk up to the top where there is
a well, which they drop into The bait, of beer or sugar and water, is at the bottom
of the tiap The construction is different to the old wooden beetle trap, as this
divides midway, so that the insects can be taken out, and the trap well cleaned.
The top part is so made to fit the bottom that it goes in one direct angle as if it
was all in one piece, whereas the wooden trap after once or twice being used
could not be cleaned out, consequently the insects would not go in. This can be
baited with any liquid, whereas in a wooden box it would run out
The trap is
made of glass, metal, porcelain, china, or other like or suitable material.
AN IMPROVED WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL SLEEPER FOR RAILWAY OR TRAMWAY PURPOSES, AND AN IMPROVED METHOD OF FIXING RAIL TO SAME
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Baillie at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd November 1877.
ROBERT BAILLIE, of the Firin of Westwood, Baillie, and Co., of London Yard,
Isle of Dogs, Poplar, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer. "AN IMPROVED
WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL SLEEPER FOR RAILWAY OR TRAMWAY PURPOSES, AND AN
IMPROVED METHOD OF FIXING RAIL TO SAME."
My Invention with reference to wrought-iron or steel sleepers consists in making
sleepers dome shaped, or dished on their under side, and formed with hollowed
sides and projecting corners so as to admit of their being fixed, as required, by means
of the ballast enclosed within the hollow or dish on the under side, and also the
ballast resting against the hollowed sides between the projecting corners.
By forming the sleepers, as stated, with hollowed sides and projecting corners,
instead of making them of rectangular, elliptical, or other ordinary forms, a firmer
hold on the ground in which they. are embedded will be obtained than here-
tofore.
The improved sleepers are also formed with a recess on the upper side, in which
may be inserted wood or other suitable material adapted to form a bed or cushion
for the rail to rest on when fixed.
The rail is fixed to the said improved sleeper by means of clip washers, which
clip and hold down the foot or bottom flange of the rail on each side, and are
turned down so as to pass into a groove or space between the said bed or cushion
and the wall of the said recess in the sleeper. These clip washers are fixed and
caused to hold down the rail as required, by means of bolts, which are also passed
through the bed or cushion, and the sleeper.
By means of clip washers formed and bolted down as stated, the rail will be
firmly secured both vertically and laterally.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES AND STOVES ADAPTED FOR BURNING PETROLEUM OR OTHER MINERAL OIL WITH SAFETY
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James J Jarves at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 26th January 1877
JAMES J JARVES, of Boston, Massachusetts, in the United States of America, now
resident at Florence, Italy "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES AND STOVES ADAPTED
FOR BURNING PETROLEUM OR OTHER MINERAL OIL WITH SAFETY
"
This Invention iclates to the arrangement and construction of furnaces and stoves
which are specially adapted for burning mineral oils with safety As a rule mineral
oils are highly dangerous on account of then explosive nature when ignited in the
ordmany way Now the object of this Invention, which is in part based upon
Letters Patent granted to me jointly with Signor G B De Ferall, and bearing
date the 16th day of September, 1876, No 3630, for "Improvements in the Means
of and Apparatus for Ileating Steam Generators, Boilers, Furnaces, and Stoves," 18
to provide the means of buining any of these natural products with perfect safety
and immunity from danger
Under one form or modification of arrangement the furnace or stove consists of
an outer casing of any suitable figure, the lower part of which forms a receptacle
for the fireproof safety medium through which the petroleum or other hydrocarbon
permeates In the lower part of this receptacle is arranged a perforated tube,
through which a stream of oil flows from the contiguous reservoir In this receptacle
is packed a quantity of asbestos, which may or may not be economised by mixing
with it or placing below it a stratum of pumice stone, talc, the silicates of magnesia,
or wood ashes, or if preferred, one or more of these materials may be used without
the asbestos, and be applied generally to my asbestos furnaces Upon the bed of
fireproof material so formed are arranged one or more vertical tubes, forming so
many chimneys 01 Bunsen burners opening immediately beneath the boiler, oi in
contact with the surface to be heated Near the upper part of these burners is
arranged a diaphragm or horizontal partition which encloses the contents of the
receptacle beneath The lower ends of the tubular burners are perforated or serrated
to permit the gaseous flames of the burning oil to pass up freely and become intensely
ignited These burners, as well as the other parts of the furnace or stove, may if
found desirable be lined with millboard sheets or slabs of asbestos, so as to form a
complete and most efficient protective surface to the metal In this way when the
oil is allowed to flow into the receptacle, and is ignited, the ventilation is so arranged

page_text: that the oil or hydrocarbon burns with a smothered flame, which serves to heat to
an intense degree the lower part of the burners or chimneys before referred to
The partially consumed gaseous products rush through the tubular buiners, and
are flashed into flame of great heating intensity on emerging from the upper ends
below the boiler or other surface, and the gascous product of the oil is utilized and 5
consumed, giving off its entire product of heat with perfect safety and economy.