IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES, RANGES, AND FURNACES FOR BURNING SOFT OR BITUMINOUS COALS AND OTHER FUELS RICH IN HYDROCARBONS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Augustus Greene, of Elizabethport, in the
County of Union, and State of New Jersey, one of the United States of
America, Stove Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES,
RANGES, AND FURNACES FOR BURNING SOFT OR BITUMINOUS COALS AND OTHER
FUELS RICH IN HYDROCARBONS"
"
Sealed the 30th December 1879, and dated the 1st July 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Augustus Greene at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st July 1879.
WILLIAM AUGUSTUS GREENE, of Elizabethport, in the County of Union, and State
of New Jersey, one of the United States of America, Stove Manufacturer. " IM-
PROVEMENTS IN STOVES, RANGES, AND FURNACES FOR BURNING SOFT OR BITUMINOUS
COALS AND OTHER FUELS RICH IN HYDROCARBONS."
The object of my Invention is to consume or combine with the oxygen of the
air all, or nearly all, of the hydrogen and free carbon from fuels rich in hydro-
carbons, and to maintain combustion of the liberated and combined gases through-
out the entire length of the flues or tubes of steam generators when applied
thereto.
The Invention may be applied to cooking stoves or ranges, heating stoves, or
furnaces for all forms of steam generators, or for all forms of furnaces where soft
coals or similar fuels are or may be burned.
In applying my Invention to all forms of furnaces I provide a perforated tube or
pipe, arranged either before or behind a pendent partition, which divides the fire-
box into two combustion chambers, or in the substance of the said partition. This
tube opens to the air outside of the furnace or fire box, extends transversely across
the same, and supplies oxygen to the fire in jets.
In applying the Invention to a stove or range I perforate the pot-hole covers and
Cross-centers at the back of the stove for the purpose of admitting air in limited
quantities to the rear combustion chamber.
I construct the pendent partition of some refractory material in parts, and con-
nect these together by means of a rod or bolt extending through all. The joints
between the parts are V-shaped or of some re-entering form, which prevents them

page_text: from slipping past each other. The connecting rod or bolt being embedded in the
substance of the partition is protected from the heat of the fire to a great degree.
In applying my Invention to a parlor or heating stove I arrange the pendent
partition similarly, but connect the pieces also by means of a rabbetted strip
extending across their tops, and secured to them by dowels. A superimposed par-
tition rests in the rabbet on the pendent partition, and curves over until it takes a
horizontal position. This extends forward to the stove front over the charging
door, and may be provided with an air register if found desirable or necessary. A
large aperture in the front of the stove opens into a recess, of which the above-
named horizontal partition is the floor or bottom, and at the back of this recess is
an opening into the stove cavity covered by a removable mica-paned window or
blower. Above this blower is a square flue or tube extending from the recess to
the back wall of the stove, and lending directly to the stove-pipe or smoke-exit.
There is an opening in the roof of this flue, a dampered opening in its bottom plate,
and an air register opening from it into the recess above named. The roof plate of
this flue and its side plates or walls extend to the front of the stove, and form the
sides and roof of the recess before-mentioned.
By means of the damper the heated gases may be caused to pass around the
before-mentioned flue, and to enter it at the top; or they may be caused to enter it
at the bottom, and to pass thence directly to the flues.
The rear combustion chamber is drum-shaped, its axis being horizontal, and this
causes the ascending gases and flames to reverberate as they pass upward to the
flue or exit. The perforated tube is arranged preferably in the axis of this drum,
and just behind the partition.
E
In the curved back-plate which forms the reverberatory chamber I arrange a 1
register for the admission of air in jets, and just above this register a mica covered
opening for illumination. To prevent tho mica panes in this window from being
tarnished with smoke or soot I arrange an air-inlet at the bottom of each pane, and
extending their entire width. This allows an unobstructed film of air to enter
just inside of the mica, and to traverse its inside face from end to end, which com-
pletely obviates the difficulty. I prefer to curve the frame for the mica and spring
the mica into the same. This causes it to fit more closely than when it is laid in a
flat frame, and prevents the leakage of air at points along the sides or at the
upper end.
I construct the hearth to slope back from the front, and arrange a gravity flap
to close the opening into the ash-pan. This allows the ashes and refuse on the
hearth to be readily pushed back into the pan, and the flap drops back so as to
close the opening again automatically.
In applying my Invention to return-flue boilers or steam-generators I mount the
boiler on a furnace wall arranged in the usual way, or nearly so, and fix in the
back wall, opposite the rear end of the flues, a perforated door to admit air in small
quantities or jets at that point, and to give access to the space under the boiler for
cleaning.
In the breeching which connects the front end of the boiler with the uptake I
provide another door to admit access to the flues. When these doors are both
thrown open a clear view may be had through the flucs from end to end.
From the lower edge of the rear perforated door a back hearth slopes down to
and is flush at its front end with the fire-bed. This bed is composed of perforated
metal plates, which preferably extend laterally across the furnace and rest upon
suitable ledges formed on the side furnace-walls. The fire-bed slopes down slightly
from the front, and the bed upon which the fuel rests is lowest at the junction of
the perforated bed with the back hearth before-mentioned. The perforations in
the plates forming the fire-bed will vary somewhat in size, according to the kind of
fuel employed, but I find that circular openings about one half of an inch in diameter
answer best for ordinary soft coals.
In the boiler or furnace front I arrange, first, a door or doors opening into the
ash-pit below the grate, and provided with registers to admit air; second, holes

page_text: just above the level of the fire-bed to admit a poker for stirring the fire; third, a
charging door or doors above the poker-holes to admit the fuel; and fourth, above
the charging door a perforated plate or door to admit air in jets to the furnace.
The charging door may also be perforated, and both it and the plate or door above
it be provided with registers to regulate the admission of air.
The combustion chainber under the boiler is divided, or partially divided, by
means of a pendent partition extending across the same into front and rear com-
bustion chambers. This partition is composed of some refractory material, and is
preferably inclined somewhat toward the front so as to give the front chamber a
Blightly hopper-shape; and it is also preferably slightly arched on its under edge
to conform at the top to the convexity of the boiler. I arrange this partition over
the fire-bed just back of its center, and prefer to let it extend down about one-half-
of the distance from the boiler to the same.
The pendent partition should not in this case quite touch the boiler shell all
around, as it might interfere with the even heating of the same, and cause injury by
unequal expansion and contraction, owing to the unequal temperature in the two
combustion chambers; and I provide for a limited circulation of the heated gases
between the boiler shell and the partition by cutting shallow channels in the upper
edge of the latter, and extending across the same.
The fire is kindled under the pendent partition, and the bituminous fuel fed in at
the charging door. The fuel takes fire and burns from the back, and as the tempe-
rature increases becomes charred or coked, losing its hydrogen and free carbon.
When sufficiently coked it is wholly or partially pushed back into the rear com-
bustion chamber by means of a poker inserted at the front. The sloping, smooth
surfaced fire-bed greatly facilitates the poking and slicing of the coked mass.
By reason of the pendent partition the draft is invariably downward in the front
combustion chamber, and the gases and free carbou eliminated in coking in this
chamber are combined with the incoming oxygen in passing through the contracted
opening under the partition, thus preventing the formation of smoke and soot, and
perfecting the combustion.
Such uncombined gases as may escape to the rear of the boiler will combine with
oxygen entering at the perforated door in the back wall opposite the rear ends of
the flues, and thus maintain the combustion throughout the entire length of the
Alues.
lu applying my Invention to locomotive or other similar furnaces and boilers
employing tubes or flues leading directly from the rear of the fire-box to the stack
or uptake, I prefer to construct the pendent partition somewhat differently. In
this case I construct the same of sheet metal, hollow, and open to the water space
of the boiler above and at the ends. It thus becomes a valuable auxiliary in
generating steam, in addition to its function as a partition. To aid in removing the
sediment from this hollow partition a hand hole may be provided at one or both
ends of it, opening outside.
In this application of the Invention I extend the perforated sections back to the
rear of the fire-box, and arrange the perforated door in the back wall just below
the rear tube-sheet of the boiler.
To admit jets of air to the furnace, both in stationary and locomotive steam
generators, I arrange the perforated tube or pipe transversely across the combustion
chamber, either just in front of or just behind the pendent partition.

page_text: -
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Augustus Greene in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
31st December 1879.
WILLIAM AUGUSTUS GREENE, of Elizabethport, in the County of Union, and State
IM-
of New Jersey, one of the United States of America, Stove Manufacturer.
PROVEMENTS IN STOVES, RANGES, AND FURNACES FOR BURNING SOFT OR BITUMINOUS
COALS AND OTHER FUELS RICH IN HYDROCARBONS."
My Invention relates to stoves and furnaces for burning bituminous coal and
other fuels rich in hydrocarbons, wherein the fire-box is divided by a transverse
partition extending down from its roof part way to the grate into two fuel-burning
chambers; a primary chamber into which the green fuel is fed, and wherein it is
ignited and partially or entirely coked; and a secondary chamber, into which the
burning fuel is transferred by moving it under the partition, and in which the com-
bustion is completed. The grate extends under both chambers, and air to support
combustion is admitted to both. My Invention consists in certain novel improve-
ments upon stoves and furnaces of this character, all as will be fully hereinafter
set forth.
In the accompanying Drawings Figure 1 is a vertical section of a cooking stove
or range constructed according to my Invention taken in the plane of the line x, x,
in Figure 2; Figure 2 is a plan of the same, partly in section, taken in the plane of
the line y, y, in Figure 1; Figure 3 is a front elevation of the same; Figure 4 is a
horizontal section in the plane of the line 2, %, in Figure 1; and Figures 5 and 6
illustrate a gridiron for use with my stove and the manner of using the gridiron;
Figure 7 is a vertical mid section of a heating-stove constructed according to my
Invention; Figure 8 is a front elevation of the same; Figures 9, 10, and 11, are
horizontal sections of the same taken respectively in the planes of the lines, z,
y, y, and z, s, in Figures 7 and 8; Figure 12 is an oblique projection illustrating
the construction of the transverse partition; and Figure 13 is a detached and
enlarged transverse section of the inica window; Figure 14 is a vertical mid
section of a return flue boiler furnace embodying my Invention; Figure 15 is a
horizontal section of the same taken in the plane of the line x, x, in Figure 14;
Figure 16 is a vertical transverse section of the same taken in the plane of the line
y, y, in Figure 14; Figure 17 is a vortical longitudinal mid-section of a direct-flue
boiler furnace, partly in side elevation; and Figure 18 is a vertical transverse
section of the latter upon a larger scale, taken in the plane of the line x, x, in
Figure 17.
Referring to the Drawings let A, A¹, or A", represent the outer walls or shell of
a stove, range, heater, or furnaco, as the case may be; C, C¹, or w, w, the flue or
flues thereof; D, D', or D", the pendent partition extending across the fire-box from
side to side, and from, at, or close to its top, down part way to the grate b, b', or b",
so that the only available passage for the draft is under its bottom; E, E¹, or E",
the primary fuel-burning chamber, and F, F, or F", the secondary fuel-burning
chamber, these chambers being arranged over separate portions of the grate and on
⚫ opposite sides of the partition, and together forming the fire-box; G,ƒ, G", or "
perforated or registered plates or doors for admitting air to the primary chamber;
and b, b, or b", the grate or fire-bed, constructed preferably with fine perforations
for the admission of air instead of with long slots or slits.
The parts hereinabove referred to are shown and fully set forth as applied to and
forming a cooking stove or range in the Patent Number 4,860, of 1878, granted to
William Robert Lake as a commnnication from me; and I make no claim to them
in this present Patent, except in combination with other parts, which will be
hereinafter set forth.
In the operation of a stove or furnace of this character the green fuel is fed into
the primary chamber, and is thero coked, giving off its more volatile compounds of

page_text: carbon and hydrogen in the form of rich hydrocarbon gases, which are heavily
laden with particles of free carbon forming smoke or soot. As this fuel becomes
thoroughly coked or incandescent it is pushed back into the secondary chamber
where its combustion is completed. The gases generated in the primary chamber
are compelled to dive under the pendent partition before they can reach the
secondary chamber, and in so doing are brought into close contact with the incan-
descent fuel at that point, and their temperature is raised considerably, so that as
they enter the secondary chamber they expand and reverberate in the space behind
the partition before being drawn into the flue. The reverberating gases in the
secondary chamber are exposed to the heat from the mass of incandescent fuel in
that chamber, and their further combustion is here effected. Air to support com-
bustion in these two chambers is admitted in jets through perforations in the grate
and in the front door or plate, the air which enters at the grate coming up through
the fuel and that which enters at the front door passing into the front of the fuel,
which the air from the grate cannot well reach. I introduce the air in jets through
perforations in order to thoroughly break up or divide it, that it may intimately
penetrate the fuel, and that it may not enter in such volume as to chill the fire.
In order to more thoroughly complete the combustion of the gases I provide a
transverse air-duct I, 1, or I', shown best in Figures 1, 7, 11, 14, 16, 17, and 18.
This consists usually of a tube extending through the fire-box from side to side in
proximity to the pendent partition, open at its ends to the outer air, and that
portion which is within the fire-box provided with perforations. Air enters at the
ends, is drawn towards the center, and passes through the perforations in jets into
the fire-box, where it mingles with the hydro-carbon gases generated in the primary
chamber either before they pass under the partition or immediately after, so that
it rises with them into the secondary chamber and unites with them chemically.
I thus supply a quantity of fresh air to the liberated gases at such a point as to
best facilitate its combination with them, whereby they are more thoroughly con-
sumed than has heretofore been possible. The air-duct may be arranged in front
of the partition, or beneath it, or immediately behind it, as desired; or the partition
may be made hollow and perforated along its lower edge, its ends being open to the
outer air.
Referring now to Figures 1 to 4 let h represent the pot-hole or holes in front of
the partition D; i, the pot-hole or holes behind the same; J, an air chamber
beneath the rear portion of the fire-box; m, the door or registered aperture of said
chamber; and 2,2, perforations in its roof. Air enters at the door or registered
aperture m, passes through the chamber J, and enters the fire-box of the stove
through the perforations L, L, mingling with the products of combustion just before
they enter the flue O, in order that if any portion should remain unconsumed its
union with the oxygen of the air thus introduced might take place in the flue.
This construction is shown in the Patent of Lake, number 4860, of 1878, before
referred to. As air is thus introduced at the bottom only it sometimes fails to reach
all the unconsumed gases, and I therefore now arrange to admit a supply of air from
above, or on the opposite side of the throat leading to the flue, by perforating the
rear pot-hole covers i, i', and more or less of the adjacent stove-top, as shown,
whereby jets of are permitted to pass through the same down into the fire-box.
Figures 5 and 6 illustrate a gridiron K. for use with my stove, and the manner
of applying the same. This gridiron is not materially different from that claimed
in the Patent of Lake hereinbefore referred to, and it is shown in my accompanying
Drawing only to better illustrate its preferred construction and the exact manner of
its use.
I will now describe my improvements relating to heating stoves, which are shown
in Figures 7 to 13. The primary fuel-burning chamber E is roofed over by a plate
a' which extends from the top of the partition D' to the front of the stove; below
the roof-plate a feeding opening G' is formed in the front wall of the stove, and
below that is set a perforated plate or register fl, both being provided with doors
by which they may be closed, The poke-holes d', d², are formed through the plate

page_text: f¹ on a level with the front of the grate b¹. The back wall of the chamber F¹ is of
curved shape, and forms a continuation of the rear of the grate surface, extending
backward, upward, and forward therefrom in a uniform curve to a point above and
nearly over the partition D'. The secondary chamber is thus formed in a reverse
curve or sweep, so that the direction of the gases which enter it under the partition
is entirely changed, and they are caused to pass back over the top of the partition,
and are directed toward the front of the stove. As the gases ascend from the
chamber they enter a combustion chamber or space L' which forms a virtual
continuation of the chamber F, and in which they divide laterally and pass into
vertical flues C¹, C¹, at each side of the stove, through which they ascend to the
stove-top. The flues C', C', are formed by the vertical plates 8, 8', which extend
from the roof-plate a² up to a nearly horizontal plate t, and from the front to the
back wall of the stove. The space above the plate I call the gas-combining
chamber, as in it the gases rising from the two flues are united, and from it they
pass downward through an opening in the plate t into an off-take box, from which
they pass out at the pipe-collar j' into the stove-pipe. The off-take box is formed
by the plate t as a roof, the plates a', 8', as side-walls, the back-wall A' of the stove
as its back-wall, and a plate or plates a as its floor and front wall; or, if preferred,
the front wall A' of the stove may form its front wall, in which case it will extend
the entire depth of the stove. It is thus arranged between the two flues C³, C¹,
above the chamber L' and below the gas-combining chamber. In its front side is
arranged a register m' through which air may pass from outside the stove to mingle
with the outgoing gases and reduce the draft; and in its floor is formed a damper
n', being an opening into the chamber L' provided with a suitable slide or cover.
By opening the damper n' the gaseous products of combustion will pass directly
from the chamber L into the off-take box, instead of taking the more circuitous
route through the flues; this damper is usually opened only in kindling the fire.
Between the side flues C¹, C', above the fuel-burning chamber E¹, below the gas-
combining chamber at the top of the stove, and in front of the combustion chamber
L', is a chamber or alcove h' which is provided with an opening J' through the
front wall of the stove, and may serve the purpose of a warming oven when required.
If desired it may be provided with outer doors to cover the opening J'. The opening
between the alcove h' and the chamber L' is filled by a blower , which may be
a door or removable plate, and which, when opened or removed more or less from
the opening, admits a quantity of air to the chamber L', which air, mingling with
the outgoing gases, serves to reduce the draft. The blower and the rogister m'
may be opened simultaneously or separately to decrease the draft. I prefer to
construct the blower ¹ to open slightly by tilting forward, as shown by the dotted
lines in Figure 7, its seat being inclined so that when shut it will remain so, and it
being provided with feet l', which when it is tilted forward will rest upon the floor
of the alcove, and which when it is shut against its seat will be raised off from the
floor as shown. In lieu of the feet l' stops or lugs may be formed on the plates 8', 8',
against which the blower may rest when tilted forward. I prefer to make the
blower removable, that it may be lifted entirely out of the alcove when desired.
When an open fire is required the doors of the feeding-opening G³ are opened, thus
exposing the fuel in the chamber E¹, and in case this chamber should fill with smoke
the latter may be carried off by opening a register c¹ set in the plate a' between the
partition D' and blower i
K' is a mica window or door set in the curved back-wall of the chamber F¹,
where the brightly-burning gases from the fuel shall sweep past it on their way to
the flue. Figure 13 shows the construction of this window, whereby the surface of
the mica is preserved from discoloration by the smoke and heated gases. A slit
or opening is formed in or under the outer frame of the window, whereby a
stream of cold air is permitted to enter the stove under the bottom edge of the mica,
and the inner frame is so constructed that the said air is permitted to flow up
without interruption along the inner face of the mica in a continuous thin stream
or film, which interposes itself between the mica and the burning gases, and protects

page_text: the former from contact of the latter, thus preserving the mica clean and transparent
for a much longer time than has been heretofore possible when burning bituminous
or other smoke-forming fuels. The inner frame of the window is constructed with
two horizontal bars y', y', one at or near the top, and the other at the bottom, with
two or more bars v³, v³, perpendicular thereto, and extending from one to the other.
The mica is clamped between the bars u, v, and the corresponding bars of the
outer frame, while the bars y, y³, or, at least the bottom one, stand off out of
contact with the mica.
The blower i is also preferably provided with mica-covered openings, that the
luminous gases in the chamber L¹ may be seen from the front of the stove, and has
substantially the same construction as the window shown in Figure 13. This con-
struction will produce the best results only when the window and blower are
arranged in the stove substantially as shown in Figure 7, where, as shown by the
arrows, the products of combustion are caused to sweep around a curve in passing
through the chamber F1, and in so doing they are thrown centrifugally against the
curved back-wall, and press against the window K'; then as they leave the
chamber F, and enter the chamber L³, they are directed toward the front of
the stove, and impinge directly upon the blower i' before passing to the flues; thus
the window K' and blower both receive the pressure of a stream of gases which
is forced against them by the draft, instead of being drawn away from them. The
sheet of cool air passing up the inside surface of the mica is thus pressed closely
against the latter, and prevented from leaving it until it has passed across its
entire length, whereas if the gases were drawn away by the draft the sheet of cool
air would not adhere to the mica, but would pass off from it before reaching its
top, and leave it partially exposed to contact of eddying currents of smoke, so that
its upper portion at least would become tarnished. I am aware that it is not new
to keep a mica window clean by passing a current of air across its inner surface,
and I make no claim to this feature except in connection with a stove of such form
that the gases are caused to press the air current against the mica, or when used
with my improved construction of the frames. The mica windows or door may be
somewhat differently arranged in the stove, if desired, and other windows may be
provided if arranged where the stream of gases will press against them.
As shown in Figure 7, g' is the ash-hearth or ash-pit cover, having preferably an
inclined top surface, that the ashes and coals which fall upon it may slide down-
ward into the ash-pit. Au opening is formed in the front wall of the stove beneath
the level of the grate, and of which the back edge of the hearth g' forms the bottom.
This opening is closed by a gravitating flap or door u, hung at its upper edge,
which is pushed back, as shown in dotted lines, when it is desired to push or brush
any coals or asbes from the hearth g' into the ash-pit. I am aware that it is not
new to provide such an opening and gravitating door above the grate, and con-
siderably higher than the ash-hearth, for the purpose of raking the fire, and make
no claim to it except when it communicates with the ash-pit, and is on the level of
the hearth.
The air-duct I is arranged just back of the partition D', about midway the
height of the chamber F, and preferably in the center of the circle from which the
curved back-wall of the chamber is struck, that the outgoing gases may flow
uniformly around it.
On the opposite side of the chamber F' is arranged a register p¹, set in the curved
back-wall of the stove, and arranged to admit a supply of air to the opposite side of
the stream of burning gases from that supplied by the duct I', that fresh air may
be furnished to all portions of the outgoing stream.
When the partition Dor D' for a cooking or heating stove is formed of refractory
material, as soap stone or fire-brick, which will usually be the case, I prefer to
construct it of two or more pieces or sections joined together by a metal rod passing
through from one end to the other, as by this means the fracture of the partition from
expansion and contraction is to a great degree provided against. In Figures 1 and 2
I have shown the partition as formed of two pieces, with an interlocking V-joint to keep

page_text: the pieces from becoming misplaced. Other forms of interlocking joints may be pro-
vided, if preferred. In Figure 12 I have shown the partition as composed of three
pieces, an upper strip u', which extends the entire length of the partition, being
added to the two pieces shown in Figures 1 and 2, and joined to them by dowels
or otherwise. This piece u³ has a rabbet formed in its rear side for the reception of
the rear edge of the roof-plate a¹.
Figures 14, 15, and 16 illustrate my Invention as applied to a return-flue
stationary boiler furnace. The partition D" is shown as slightly arched on its
lower side, it being most readily built of brick, and its top is concaved to receive the
boiler L. I prefer that the partition shall not actually touch the boiler, as it will
usually be cooler than the boiler shell, and if in close contact unequal expansion
and contraction of the boiler shell might be caused. I therefore leave a narrow
space between the two; or I form grooves across the concave upper surface of the
partition, so that only the joints or angles between the grooves can come in contact
with the boiler shell. By thus leaving a space or openings between the two n thin
stream or streams of hot gases generated in the primary fuel-burning chamber E"
will constantly pass across the portion of boiler surface next the partition, and will
counteract any cooling tendency that the proximity of the partition might exert.
G is the perforated front plate for admitting air, and f" is the feeding door
which may also be perforated or provided with registered apertures; t is the
registered door to the ash-pit B, and 6" is the grate, which preferably slopes down
from the charging door to a point about under the partition, though it may be
level if preferred. From and flush with the back edge of the grate rises an inclined
fuel-bed c which extends backward and upward to the rear of the furnace. This
fuel-bed may be made solid, as shown, or it may be composed of grate sections
similar to the grate 6" as desired.
The greater mass of the fuel is banked up in the chamber E" against or near the
partition, and the incandescent or coked fuel is pushed back under the partition
and spread out in a somewhat shallow layer upon the sloping bed c¹. The hydro-
carbon gases from the fresher fuel are thus compelled to pass across an extended
bed of glowing coals, so that they are heated to such a high degree that their union
with the air accompanying them, or afterward admitted to them, is assured.
At the rear of the furnace is set a door K" which is preferably lined with fire-
brick to protect it from the heat of the burning gases which impinge upon it in
passing from the furnace into the boiler-flue w, and which is provided with per-
forations for admitting jets of air to mingle with the gases and supply oxygen to
complete their combustion. It thus serves the same purpose as the perforations 2, 4,
in Figure 1, and the register p' in Figure 7. By opening the door K" the surface
of the sloping bed c" may be inspected, and the latter may be cleaned or raked
down by inserting a poker or other instrument through the door-opening.
Figures 17 and 18 show a locomotive boiler, or other tubular or jacketed boiler
with a furnace constructed according to my Invention. The boiler is constructed
as is usual, with two shells, an outer and an inner shell, arranged to leave a water-
jacket between them which extends down each side of the furnace, and the pendent
partition D is formed as a part of the inner shell, depending from the inner crown-
sheet down toward the grate, and being preferably formed in V-shape or wedge-
shape in cross-section as seen in Figure 17. It communicates with the side water-
jackets at its ends and is open at its top to the interior of the boiler, so that it is
kept filled with water and forms an important agent in generating steam, as it
depends into the midst of the furnace. The poke-holes d are formed of conical
tubes extending from the outer to the inner shell at the front of the furnace, the
larger end being outward. The grate slopes downward from the poke-holes to a
point about under the partition D", and from thence it slopes upward to the rear
tube-sheet. By this conformation the furnace is made deepest just under the
partition where the greatest thickness of fuel is desired; in order that the jolting
of the boiler in case of its use in a locomotive may not spread out the fuel in a
uniform layer. The dotted line in Figure 17 indicates the preferred outline of the

page_text: fuel, it being banked up against the front side of the partition as it is fed in. The
door K is arranged in the rear wall of the furnace on a level with the rear of the
grate, but is not opposite the ends of the flues w, w, since they pass over it to the
breeching J at the rear of the boiler.
Having thus fully and completely described and ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, I declare that I claim,-
First. A stove, range, or furnace wherein the fire-box is partially divided by a
pendent partition into two fuel-burning chambers, with a perforated grate extending
under both chambers, and a transverse air-duct extending across the fire-box in or
adjacent to the partition, open at its ends to the outer air, and perforated for the
discharge of air in jets into the fire-box, substantially as set forth.
Second. A cooking stove or range having primary and secondary fuel-burning
chambers E and F, a flue C, and air inlet perforations 1, 1, and provided with air
inlet perforations through the stove-top opposite to the perforations 1, 2, and
adjacent to the throat between the chamber F and the flue, substantially as and
for the purposes set forth.
Third. In a stove the pendent partition D or D' formed of two or more pieces or
sections, fitted together with interlocking joints and held together by a metal rod
passing through them from end to end, substantially as shown in Figures 1, 2,
and 12.
Fourth. In a stove the combination with the primary fuel-burning chamber E,
the partition D', and the roof-plate a² arranged over the primary chamber, with
the secondary fuel-burning chamber F1 formed in a reverse curve or sweep, so as
to direct the gases passing through it toward the front of the stove over the plate a¹,
substantially as set forth,
Fifth. The primary chamber E¹ having a roof-plate a', the partition D', the
secondary chamber F formed with a curved back wall extending upward and
forward to a point higher than the partition, the gas combustion chamber and
the flues C-C, commencing above the plate a', and forming an upward continuation
of the chamber L, substantially as set forth.
Sixth. The combination of the chamber E¹ provided with air-inlet f¹, the grate b²,
and the chamber F, provided with air inlets 1¹and p¹ arranged upon its opposite
sides.
Seventh. The combination with the chambers E and F, the grate 6', and the
partition D' of the air-duct tube I' arranged behind the partition, and in or near
the center from which the curved back wall of the chamber F is struck, sub-
stantially as set forth.
Eighth. The combination with the chambers E and F extending the entire
width of the stove of the side flues C', C', extending upward therefrom, a gas-
combining chamber in the top of the stove, and an off-take box communicating
therewith and provided with the pipe-collar, substantially as set forth.
Ninth. The alcove or chamber arranged at the front of the stove between the
flues C, C, forward of the chamber L, and over the combustion chamber E¹, for
the purposes set forth.
Tenth. The combination and arrangement of the approximately horizontal
plates a' and t, the vertical partitions a³, s', the plate or plates 8, and the blower
door or plate i, with the walls of the stove to form the chamber L', the flues C, C³¹³,
the gas-combining chamber, and the off-take box, substantially as set forth.
Eleventh. The blower arranged to close the opening between the chamber L'
and the alcove h', and capable of being tilted forward or removed slightly from its
seat, whereby air may be admitted from the alcove A' into the chamber L, substan-
tially as set forth.
Twelfth. The blower ¹ provided with a foot or feet upon which it stands
when tilted forward, and which are lifted or tilted back when it is closed upon its
seat, in combination with the alcove h¹ and chamber L, substantially as set forth.
Thirteenth, The off-take box provided with a pipe-collar and arranged between

page_text: the side flues C, C, and beneath the gas-combining chamber, with which chamber
it communicates by an opening in the plate t', substantially as set forth.
Fourteenth. The off-take box arranged between the flues C', C', and between
the chamber L' and the gas combining chamber, and provided with an opening
communicating with the latter chamber, and with the dampered opening n
communicating with the former chamber, substantially as set forth.
Fifteenth. The combination of the off-take box, the gas-combining chamber, and
the flues C, C¹³, with the register m² set in the front of the off-take box, and
adapted to admit a supply of outer air into the off-take box to reduce the draft,
substantially as set forth.
Sixteenth. The combination with the ash-hearth g' and front wall A¹ of the
hanging door or flap u arranged below the level of the grate and adapted to close,
by gravity, an opening in the front wall extending upward from the back edge of
the hearth and communicating with the ash-pit, substantially as set forth.
Seventeenth. The removable blower arranged in the alcove h' to admit air
over its top to the chamber L' when tilted or moved forward, in combination with
the register m² arranged in the front of the off-take box to admit air to the latter,
both of which act to reduce the draft and cool the fire, substantially as set forth.
Eighteenth. In a stove a mica window or door provided with a slit or opening s
in its lower side for the admission of a stream of outer air under the bottom edge of
the mica, and arranged at a point in the walls where the gaseous products of com-
bustion will hug or impinge against it in their passage from the fire-box to the flue,
substantially as shown in Figures 7 and 13, and for the purposes set forth.
1 Nineteenth. The mica window K' set in the curved back-wall of the chamber F¹
where the burning gases are thrown against it centrifugally in their passage to the
flue or flues, provided with a slit or opening ' in its lower side, whereby a stream
of outer air is admitted under the bottom edge of the mica and permitted to pass
up without obstruction along its inner face, substantially as set forth.
Twentieth. The blower door or plate i provided with a mica pane or panes and
set in the front of the chamber L', where the burning gases from the chamber FI
are directed against it as they leave that chamber, and constructed with an opening
or slit in its lower side for the admission of a stream of air beneath the bottom
edge of the mica, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Twenty-first. An illuminating door or window consisting of an outer frame, a
pane or panes of mica, and an inner frame, the latter constructed of horizontal
bars y, y, the lower of which is arranged to stand off from the mica out of contact
therewith, and perpendicular bars u, v, between which and the outer frame the
mica is clamped, the two frames being arranged to leave an air-opening &' under
the bottom edge of the mica, substantially as shown in Figure 13, and as set
forth.
Twenty-second. A furnace for steam boilers adapted for burning bituminous fuels
provided with a pendent partition 1" partially dividing the fire-space into two fuel
burning chambers, and having a limited space or air passage, or series of limited
air passages, between its upper surface and the boiler shell, substantially as shown
in Figures 14 and 16, and for the purposes set forth.
Twenty-third. A furnace for steam boilers adapted for burning bituminous fuels,
constructed with a pendent partition D" and provided with a grate or fire-bed
which slopes upward from a point beneath the partition to the front of the furnace,
and with a fuel-bed or grate which slopes upward from the said point to the rear
of the furnace, substantially as shown in Figures 14 and 17, and for the purposes
set forth.
Twenty-fourth. A boiler furnace divided by a pendent partition D" constructed
with a grate surface or fuel-bed which slopes downward from the rear of the furnace
to a point beneath the partition, and provided with a door K" set in the back-wall
of the furnace on a level with the extremity of the grate or fuel-bed, and perforated
for the admission of air to the furnace, substantially as shown in Figures 14 and
17, and for the purposes set forth.

page_text: Twenty-fifth. In a boiler furnace the combination of a pendent water partition
partially dividing the furnace into two chambers, with a grate surface which slopes
downward from the rear wall of the furnace to a point beneath the partition, and
extends thence on an upward incline or on a level to the front wall of the furnace,
substantially as shown in Figure 17, and for the purposes set forth.
Twenty-sixth. In a boiler furnace the combination with the pendent partition D",
the primary and secondary fuel-burning chambers E and F, the grate b", the
front air-inlet G", and the rear air-inlet K" of the transverse perforated air-inlet
tube I", arranged in the primary chamber in front of the partition, substantially as
shown in Figures 14 and 16, and as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Augustus Greene, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fourth day of December, in the year of our Lord
Eighteen hundred and seventy nine.
WILLIAM AUGUSTUS GREENE. (La)