IMPROVEMENTS IN FLY PRESSERS, USED IN PREPARING AND SPINNING, COTTON, WOOL, FLAX, SILK AND OTHER FIBRES
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL
SPECIFICATION,
WILLIAM SUMNER, Spindle and Fly Maker, Engineer and Iron Ship Builder
Eagle Iron Works, Old Quay, Preston, Lancashire do hereby declare the nature
of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN FLY PRESSERS, USED IN PREPARING AND
SPINNING, COTTON, WOOL, FLAX, SILK AND OTHER FIBRES to be as follows:
My Invention consists in making a fly pressers to work in bearings both fixed
on the opposite side of the flyer tube, to the centrifugal part of the presser without
having a connecting rod between the presser bearings, with manner of making the
presser without welding or casting.
I make what is known, as the paddle or centripetal part of the presser in the
usual shape or form, but at its bottom fulcrum I form the presser with a coil eylet,
socket, or stud, for the purpose of working upon or within a suitable bearing,
formed at, or attached to, one side of the bottom of the flyer tube, the presser from
this bearing is continued "as a short lever" under the flyer tube to the opposite side
of the flyer tube from the bearing, from this lever, I carry upwards the centrifugal
part of the presser, to near the top of the streight vertical part of the flyer tube,
where the presser is formed as a lever and carried horizontally round the inside
of the flyer tube, to a bearing fixed on the same side of the flyer tube as tho
bottom bearing, the end of the lever I form to work within or upon the bearing,
as the uper journall of the presser. One or both of the bearings I form with a
stop to prevent the presser from moving too far from the spindle. The paddle
part of the presser and the wire part I connect and fasten together by recessing
one of the parts, fitting the other to it, or by dovetailing the wire within a part
of the paddle and afterwards, soldering or brazing them together, or by welding if
required to do so, as usually adopted, by my manner of fastening the paddle and
the wire together I can use cold drawn steel wire for the presser, and steel for the
paddle, procuring with light material, a stiff, durable presser at little cost, not
easily liable for derangement when in use, and easily, and cheaply repairable if
broken at paddle eyelet hole, "by far the weakest part of the presser making my
Invention a much lighter, stronger, cheaper and efficient presser than any
centrifugal presser hitherto adopted, enabling me to greatly increase the speed

page_text: and steadiness of the spindle and procure an increased production of yarn from
each spindle when at work also greatly reducing the amount of the power to drive
the frames when using my improved presser.
Fig. 1 in the annexed Drawings is a side elevation of a full size roving flyer with
Drawing of my presser attached thereto, Fig. 2 is a front view of flyer and presser
Fig. 3 shows my presser without fly or bearings.
The novelties of this Invention, is the position of bearings, & form of
arrangement of presser as shown, the formation of a coil eylet, socket bearing,
and manner of dovetailing and fastening the wire and paddle together.
Dated this 10th day of March 1884.

page_text: I WILLIAM SUMNER, Spindle and Fly Maker Eagle Iron Works, Old Quay,
Preston Lancashire do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FLY PRESSERS USED IN PREPARING AND SPINNING, COTTON, WOOL,
FLAX, SILK, AND OTHER FIBRES and in what manner the same is to be performed,.
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
I make what is known as the paddle or centripetal part of the (fly) presser, in
the usual shape or form, but at its bottom fulcrum, I form the presser, with a coil
eyelet hole, a socket, or a stud pin, for the purpose of working upon, or within, a
suitable bearing, formed at, or attached to one side of the bottom of the flyer tube
the presser from this bearing is continued as a short lever under the bottom of the
flyer tube, to the opposite side of the flyer tube, to where the presser bearings are
placed, from this lever I carry upwards the centrifugal part of the presser to near
the top of the straight vertical part of the flyer tube, where the presser is formed
as a lever and carried horizontally round the inside of the flyer tube to a (top)
bearing fixed on the same side of the flyer tube as the bottom bearing, the end of
the lever I form as required to work within, or upon the top bearing as the upper
fulcrum of the presser. One or both of the bearings I form with a stop to prevent
the presser from moving too far from the spindle. The stops in bearings may be
formed various ways see Drawings each and all answering the same purpose. The
paddle part of the presser, and the wire part of presser, I connect and fasten
together by recessing one of the parts fitting the other to it by dovetailing or.
fitting the wire within the recessed part of the paddle and afterwards, brazing,
soldering or otherwise fastening them together. Or the wire and paddle may be
formed by forging or welding as usually adopted, if required. By my manner of
fastening the paddle and the wire together I can use cold drawn steel wire for the
presser and steel for the paddle, procuring with light material a stiff durable
presser at little cost, not easily liable for derangement when in use, and easily
and cheaply repairable if broken at paddle eyelet hole by far the weakest part
of the presser. My formation and arrangement of a stud or pin at bottom bearing
below bottom of flyer tube or in a pin formed or attached to presser to work in
a hole in bottom bearing both methods makes it more easy for the aliver or yarn
to pass the sharp curve at the bottom of the flyer tube in its passage to the
presser paddle and bobbin enabling the frame to work with less twist than by the
usual method making my Invention a much lighter stronger, cheaper and more
efficient presser than any centrifugal fly presser hitherto adopted, enabling me
to greatly increase the speed and steadiness of the spindle reduce the amount of
twist in the sliver and procure an increased production of yarn from each spindle
when at work also to reduce the amount of power required to drive the frame
or machine.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into operation I will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawing,
reference being had to the letters marked thereon. The same letters of reference
are used to indicate similar parts.
Fig. 1, shows side view of a presser flyer, forged or formed at bottom of the
Ayer tube as a bearing "b" for the, coil eyelet hole, or socket of presser "d" to
work upon, the bottom lever "c" is carried under the bottom of the flyer tube "a"
to the "vertical" centrifugal part of the presser "e" at the top of which is formed
a lever "c" which is carried horizontally round the inside of the flyer tube to
work in the top bearing "b" a stop for presser is formed on the top side of top
bearing "6" Fig. 2, is a front view of Fig. 1 flyer tube and presser, the same

page_text: letters and explanation, apply to both, Fig. 3 is a side view of flyer and presser
and Fig. 4 is a front view of Fig. 3 flyer tube and presser, it will be seen that
these Figures show the upper bearing to have a hole at its bottom side extending
upwards about two-thirds the length of the bearing for the presser lever crank to
work within "b" also a slot formed at the middle of the inside part of bearing
extending about one-third across the bearing "6" within this slot a portion of the
lever "c" works, the sides of the slot prevents the presser from falling or rising
and the end of the slot forms a stop for the presser, at the bottom bearing "d" the
presser is formed with a pin or stud which works within a hole in the bearing "b"
attached to bottom of flyer tube. In these Figs. 3 and 4 I show the passage of the
sliver "g" which when leaving the bottom of the flyer tube passes over the presser
stud pin, or over the grooved channel in bottom bearings. Fig. 5 is a side view of
flyer and presser, and Fig. 6 is a front view of Fig. 5 flyer tube and presser, the
presser at its bottom fulcrum is forged or formed with a socket "d" which works
upon the pin "b" of bearing "b" which is attached to bottom of flyer tube, from
this pin the lever "c" is continued under the flyer tube, to the centrifugal part of
presser "e" to near the top of the flyer tube where a lever "c" is formed as before
described to work in an upper bearing of flyer the one here shown is an incline "b"
bearing the presser works in a hole at top side of bearing, above the bearing the
presser journal is bent outwards, and rests or works upon the outer-uper surface of
the top bearing "6" preventing the presser from falling or rising a stop is formed
in the bearing as shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6. Fig. 7 at "i" shows the manner of
constructing or fastening together the wire and its paddle without welding, the
paddle has a recess formed near its shoulder, the wire is formed to fit this recess
and they are then both firmly brazed, or soldered, or otherwise fastened together
The above examples of modifications will show that this Invention is capable of
assuming a variety in detail without affecting its general and distinctive features.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is-
First the construction of a fly presser, having top and bottom bearings both of
which are fixed, placed, or formed, on the opposite side of the flyer tube to the
centrifugal part of the presser, without having a connecting wire between the
bearings, substantially as herein before described and shown in the Drawings.
Secondly, the construction of a coil eyelet hole, as a socket bearing for a fly
presser substantially as hereinbefore described and shown in the Drawings.
Thirdly, the system of placing a stud pin or grooved channel for the slivers to
pass over, so as to reduce the sharp curve at the bottom of the flyer tube
substantially as hereinbefore described, and shown in the Drawings.
Fourthly, the manner of constructing the presser paddles without welding,
substantially as herein before described and shown in the Drawings.
Dated this 2nd day of May 1884
-WILLIAM SUMNER.