IMPROVE- MENTS IN HAND STOCKS AND DIES FOR CUTTING SCREWS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John James Russell, of the Crown Tube Works,
Wednesbury, Patent Tube Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN HAND STOCKS AND DIES FOR CUTTING SCREWS."
Sealed the 31st January 1862, and dated the 9th October 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John James Russell
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th October 1861.
I, JOHN JAMES RUSSELL, of the Crown Tube Works, Wednesbury, Patent
Tube Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HAND STOCKS AND DIES FOR CUTTING SCREWS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in hand stocks and dies for
cutting screws.
For these purposes, in constructing hand stocks and screw dies to be used
therewith, the central part of the stock is made with a circular opening or
recess of suitable dimensions to receive a die, which in place of being made in
two pieces, as is ordinarily the case when making dies for the common hand
stocks, is made of a single piece, and of a circular or cylindrical form. The
die is retained within the recess or opening in the stock by means of the pro-
jecting heads of two screws screwed into the stock at opposite points of the

page_text: diameter of the die. The die is of steel, and is made with cutting edges
projecting inwards at four points at equal distances apart on the inner circum-
ference of the die, and these cutting edges are made by preference somewhat
bell-mouthed where they first begin to cut or tap the end of a tube or rod.
A die thus formed will admit of being again and again reformed after it is
worn away and blunted, by simply softening it and hammering its exterior
opposite where two sets of the projecting cutters are situated, so as to force
such opposite cutters towards the centre of the die, and then hammering it
opposite where the other two sets of cutters are situated, so as to drive those
cutters also towards the centre. The die is then to be made complete by
screwing in the proper screw tap and by again tempering the die. In order
to insure the end of a tube or rod being correctly tapped, a hand stock is formed
with a suitable hollow or proper holder below where the die is received, in which
holder a thick disc or plate perforated with a hole corresponding with the
external diameter of the tube or rod to be tapped is placed and held; through
this disc or plate the end of the tube or rod is passed, which insures that end
being correctly held to the die. To each stock several dies and several
corresponding guiding discs or plates are made, all the dies being externally of
the same diameter, whilst they are interiorly formed suitably to tap tubes or
rods of different diameters. All the discs or guide plates are also made of the
same external diameter or dimensions, so as to be correctly received and held
in the holder formed in the stock, but the passages through the discs or guide
plates are of different diameters corresponding with the diameters of the tubes
or rods which are to be tapped with screws.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John James Russell in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 9th April 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
JAMES RUSSELL, of the Crown Tube Works, Wednesbury, Patent Tube Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said John James Russell, Her special licence that I, the said
John James Russell, any executors, administrators, and assigns, or such

page_text: others as I, the said John James Russell, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HAND STOCKS AND DIES FOR CUTTING SCREWS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John James
Russell, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should parti-
cularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John James Russell, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in hand stocks and dies for
cutting screws.
For these purposes, in constructing hand stocks and screw dies to be used
therewith, the central part of the stock is made with a circular opening or
recess of suitable dimensions to receive a die, which in place of being made in
two pieces, as is ordinarily the case when making dies for the common hand
stocks, is made of a single piece, and of a circular or cylindrical form. The
die is retained within the recess or opening in the stock by means of the pro-
jecting heads of two screws screwed into the stock at opposite points of the
diameter of the die. The die is of steel, and is made with cutting edges.
projecting inwards at four points at equal distances apart on the inner circum-
ference of the die, and these cutting edges are made by preference somewhat
bell-mouthed where they first begin to cut or tap the end of a tube or rod. A
die thus formed will admit of being again and again reformed after it is worn
away and blunted by simply softening it and hammering its exterior opposite
where two sets of the projecting cutters are situated, so as to force such
opposite cutters towards the centre of the die, and then hammering it opposite
where the other two sets of cutters are situated, so as to drive those cutters
also towards the centre. The die is then to be made complete by screwing in
the proper screw tap and by again tempering the die. In order to insure the
end of a tube or rod being correctly tapped, a hand stock is formed with a
suitable hollow or proper holder below where the die is received, in which.

page_text: view of a hand stock and die constructed in the manner I prefer for carrying
out my Invention; Figure 4 shews separately a section, and Figure 5, a plan
of the die. In each of these Figures the same letters of reference refer to the
same parts.
a is the frame of the stock, on which is a projecting boss b, through which is
a circular opening as shewn. This boss receives at the bottom of the opening
the disc or guide plate c. In this plate is a hole through which the tube or
pin which is to have the screw thread cut upon it will pass freely. At the top
of the opening and concentric with the guide plate c is the screw die d, which
is received in a recess formed for it in the stock. This die is, as before stated,
shewn separately at Figures 4 and 5, and is made in one piece of a circular or
cylindrical form. This die is kept in its place by the screw e and by the
wedge piece f, which is itself held in position by the screw g, the wedge piece f
also prevents the die d from turning, and the wedge or incline on its lower end
keeps the guide plate e down in its proper position. The screw die d is shewn
to be formed with four cutting edges, and they are, as is shewn, made bell-
mouthed where they first begin to cut or tap the end of a tube or rod. In order
to cut a screw thread on the end of a rod or tube the rod or tube is first passed
through the hole in the guide plate c, and its ends then enter the conical
mouth of the die d. As before stated, several dies are made of the same
external diameter, so that any one of them may be inserted in the recess
formed to receive it in the stock, whilst the dies are formed internally to tap

page_text: tubes or rods of different diameters, several guide plates are also made of the
same external diameter, so that any one of them may be held in the end
of the boss b, but they have holes formed through them of different diameters,
so that they may correspond with the diameters of the tubes or rods to be
tapped with screws.
In witness whereof, I, the said John James Russell, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eighth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
J. J. RUSSELL. (L.S.)