Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Nov., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Aug., 1893-Accepted, 23rd Sept., 1893
Fig. 6 of a sixth form of construction.
Figs. 7 & 8 are separate representations of the nails shown in Figs. 5 & 6.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
As illustrated by Fig. 1, the nail has a shank a and a conical head b, above the
latter is formed an extension or pin c lying in the continuation of the shank a and
made preferably of the same diameter.
In Fig. 2 the nail is provided, above the couical head b, with another head or
button d, which is grooved, as shown.
In Fig. 3 we have represented a nail having a collar e 'above the conical head b,.
and another grooved head d at the top.
The nail shown in Fig 4 is similar to that represented in Fig. 1, the pin c is
however threaded, so that it may receive a button provided with a central hole
threaded interiorly; this button may be made of porcelain, glass, or of any other
suitable material.
In Figs. 5 & 7 we have shown a nail having two superposed conical heads b
and, both heads tapering towards the point of the nail.
Finally, the nail illustrated by Figs. 6 & 8 is provided with a double conical
head b, and a disc e' is located above said conical head.
The employment and the operation of our improved nail will be obvious from
Figs. 2-6. When the nail a is driven into the wood, the conical head b will
strike against the outer surface of the wood and compress the same, so that a cavity
is formed, and the head of the nail will be flush with the surface of the chest or
case, and no part of the nail will project from the chest. In the form of con-
struction illustrated by Fig. 4, the pin c and the button f may however be allowed
to protrude from the chest, as shown.
The principal advantage secured by our improved construction consists in
facilitating the extraction of the nails, as the extension of the nail above the conical
head 6 permits the easy application of the tongs; at the same time, the wood will
be protected from injury by the tool.
Another advantage is found in those forms of construction having a grooved
head, as in Figs. 2 & 3. In this case the strings which are secured by a lead-seal
may be wound around the grooved head of the nails, and it becomes then impossible

page_text: to extract the nail without injuring the seal; thus it will be noticed at once if the
chest has been opened, and the chest will be protected from being opened by persons
not authorized to do so.
We will also mention that the nail as described above need not be made of one
piece of material, but the nail head or extension located above the conical head b
may be made of the same or of another material than the shank a of the nail.
The conical head bitself may also be separate from the nail shank a, as shown at
Figs. 5 to 8.
AT
1003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Nails and Tacks.
We, PAUL BERGMANN of Crossen on the Oder, in the Province of Brandenburg,
Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, Tinman, and OTTO BERGMANN of Stralsund,
in the Province of Pommerania, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of our invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
Our invention relates to common nails or tacks, as used for nailing up wooden
chests or boxes, and our improvements in such nails or tacks relate to a particular
formation of the uppermost part or head, by means of which we are enabled to
draw the nail out with great quickness and facility, without doing any injury to the
material of the box or chest as well as to that of the nail itself.
In order to make our invention more clear, we refer to the drawings sent in
with Provisional Application, in which similar letters denote similar parts and in
which:
Fig. 1 shows the simplest form of our improved nail or tack,
Fig. 2 is a modification, the nail being driven into the wood, and the latter being
in section,
Fig. 3 is a similar view as Fig. 2, the nail being secured by leads,
Fig. 4 is a second modification,
Figs. 5 and 7 show a third modification and
Figs. 6 and 8 a fourth modification.
In every case, the nail a has an under main head and an upper auxiliary head.
The main head b is in the shape of an inverted truncated cone, which may be
rigidly fixed to, or made in one piece with, the shank, as in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 or
may be loosely shoved unto it, as in Figs. 5, 6, 7 and 8. The inverted cone b in
Figs. 6 and 8 is made in one piece with an upright cone 6 of like diameter. The
auxiliary head may be of cylindrical shape, as at c in Figs. 1 and 4, which head
may have a groove around it, as at d in Figs. 2 and 3, or may also be in the shape of
an inverted truncated cone, as at 61 in Figs 5 and 7, or may finally be of disk-like
or flat shape, as at e¹ in Figs. 6 and 8.
When driving such a nail completely home, an annular space is formed by the
main-head around the auxiliary head. The whole diameter of this space is larger
than the diameter of the under or main head, on account of the shape of this latter
being that of an inverted truncated cone, and the wood below this cone is not
stamped through, but is directly pressed down or compressed, so that the capacity
of resistance of that part of the wood is not only not decreased, but, in contrary,
increased.
Now, the said annular space or groove around the upper head affords the
possibility of introducing a pair of tongs for grasping the upper head of the nail

page_text: without any difficulty, and without injuring in the least the wood of the box or
chest. Therefore, the latter as well as the nail may be used over and over again,
in which lies the principal advantage afforded by our invention.
Another advantage is found in those forms of construction having a grooved
head, as in Figs. 3-4. In this case the strings which are secured by a lead-seal
may be wound around the grooved head of the nails, and it becomes then impossible
to extract the nail without injuring the seal; thus it will be noticed at once if the
chest has been opened, and the chest will be protected from being opened by persons
not authorized to do so.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare, that we are well
aware, that nails with double heads have been made prior to our invention, and we,
therefore, do not claim such nails broadly, but what we do claim is :—
1. A nail or tack with two heads one over another, in which the under head has
a formation adapted to produce a space around the upper head, when the nail is
completely driven home, substantially as described.
.
2. A nail or tack with two heads one over another, in which the under head b
has the formation of an inverted truncated cone, Fig. 1-4, substantially as shown
and described.
3. A nail or tack with two heads one over another, in which the under head b
has the formation of an inverted truncated cone, and is shoved unto the shank a as a
separate piece, Fig. 5-8, substantially as shown and described.
Dated this 25th day of July 1893.
PAUL BERGMANN,
OTTO BERGMANN,
By Geo. H. Rayner,
37, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.