IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING HIDES AND SKINS FOR TANNING
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Clemente de Caesaris, of the Grange, Bermondsey,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING HIDES AND SKINS FOR
TANNING."
Sealed the 14th August 1866, and dated the 22nd February 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Clemente de Caesaris at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd February 1866.
I, CLEMENTE DE CAESARIS, of the Grange, Bermondsey, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING
HIDES AND SKINS FOR TANNING," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in preparing hides and
skins for tanning. For these purposes the hides and skins, immediately
before subjecting them to the action of the tanning liquor, are immersed
for some hours (generally about twenty-four hours) in a solution of oxalate
of ammonia, the strength of which solution is preferred to be such as results
from a solution of one pound of the oxalate of ammonia in twenty galloris
of water. The tanning process in other respects is conducted in the
ordinary manner, but it is found to occupy less time than heretofore.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Clemente de Caesaris in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 22nd August 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CLEMENTE
DE CAESARIS, of the Grange, Bermondsey, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Clemente de Caesaris, Her special licence that I, the
said Clemente de Caesaris, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Clemente de Caesaris, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING HIDES AND
SKINS FOR TANNING," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Clemente de Caesaris, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain, the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Clemente de Caesaris, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
My Invention consists in causing hides and skins after they have been
unhaired in the usual manner by lime, and immediately before subjecting
them to the action of the tanning liquor, to be immersed in a solution of
a salt of ammonia for some hours. I find that the oxalate of ammonia is
the salt of ammonia most suitable for the purpose. I employ the solution
of the salt of ammonia of a strength such as results from dissolving about
one pound of the salt of ammonia in twenty gallons of water; the hides
or skins are to be immersed in the solution for about twenty-four hours;

page_text: the process of tanning is then conducted in the ordinary manner, but it is
found to occupy less time.
In witness whereof, I, the said Clemente de Caesaris, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Third day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
CLEMENTE DE CAESARIS. (L.B.)