IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MALLEABLE IRON
Year: 1847

page_text: BLEWITT'S SPECIFICATION..
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, REGINALD
JAMES BLEWITT, of Llantarnam Abbey, Newport, in the County of Monmouth,
Esquire, M.P., send greeting."
.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria; by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-seventh day of
May, One thousand eight hundred and forty-seven, in the tenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,. the
said Reginald James Blewitt, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, Her especial
licence, full power, sole privilege, and authority, that I, the said Reginald
James Blewitt, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Reginald James Blewitt, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term:
of years thorein expressed, should and lawfully might make,. use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MALLEABLE IRON;"
in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that I, the said Reginald
James Blewitt, should cause a particular description of the nature of .my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said in part recited. Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear..
my
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance. with the said proviso, I, the said
Reginald Jaines Blewitt, do hereby declare that the nature of my said

page_text: Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are
particularly described and ascertained and by the following statement
thereof, that is to say :-
The usual mode of preparing pig or cast iron for the malleable process is by
melting such iron, or by mixing together and melting different qualities of such
iron with coke, in furnaces called refineries, and keeping such iron there in a
state of fusion, exposed to a great heat and to a strong blast. The produce of
this operation, run into an iron trough or mould, is called refined iron, metal, or
plate. It is used either alone or mixed with pig or other cast iron in the
puddling furnace, and is then by the process called "puddling" brought into
the first state of malleability.
I have discovered that a better quality of refined iron or metal can be
produced from the air furnace, such as are commonly used for casting or
foundry purposes, than from the refinery, and with less waste of iron and at
less expence of fuel in the manufacture. I light and heat an air furnace in the
usual manner. For each charge I put in about four tons of pig or cast iron,
of such qualities as the manufacturer may think will be most suitable for the
required quality of malleable iron, as has heretofore been the practise when
using refinery furnaces. After the charge is fully melted and mingled together
at the bottom of the furnace, I run it out into sand or iron moulds of a con-
venient size for the after process of puddling, which is to be conducted as if
using refined iron obtained from ordinary. finery furnaces. The fuel which I
have used for the purpose of melting the iron in the air furnace is a white ash
semi-bituminous coal, of excellent quality, and I have sometimes used with
advantage one or two hundredweight of charcoal to each charge of iron. I
do not, however, confine myself to the use of such fuel.
I do not claim as my Invention the use of the foundry air furnace for casting
of foundry purposes; nor the mixing and melting in it of pig or cast iron;
nor the use of coal or charcoal for such melting; nor the running of iron into
sand or iron moulds; nor any particular form of air furnace; nor any particular
mixture of iron; these separately not being of my Invention but what I do
claim as my. Invention is the employment of the air furnace, such as hitherto
used for casting or foundry, purposes; for mixing, purifying, and improving
pig or cast iron, and then subjecting such iron to the puddling process, and thus
producing malleable iron.
In witness whereof, I, the said Reginald James Blewitt, have hereunto
set my. band and seal, this Fourth day, of: November, in the year of
Land Ann thousand nicht hundred and faster cavan
REGINALD J. (L.s.). BLEWITT..

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fourth day of November, in
the year of our Lord 1847, the aforesaid Reginald James Blewitt came before
our said Ladly the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Speci-
fication aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in
form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-seventh day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-seven.