Improvements in the Manufacture of Pipes and other Articles of Fibrous Pulp.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Oct., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 16th July, 1897--Accepted, 28th Aug., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Pipes and other Articles of
Fibrous Pulp.
We, BERTRAND GRANT, of 45, Croxted Road, Dulwich, London, Engineer,
FRANK LIONEL ROECKNER, of 15 St. Lawrence Road, North Kensington, London,
Engineer, and ALEXANDER MACDOUGALL, of 59, Ladywell Street, and 33, South
Kinning Place, in the County of Glasgow, North Britain, Wire Cloth Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object the manufacture of pipes and other articles of
fibrous pulp in an improved, efficient, and economical manner. The pulp may be
obtained from wood, rags, or other vegetable materials, or asbestos, or any suitable
mixture thereof; and the pulp is made to take the desired shape by being deposited
by means of suction on a matrix or core or in a mould of wire gauze or finely
perforated sheet metal, improved devices being employed to allow of the easy
removal of the gauze or perforated metal after the article has been formed.
In carrying out the Invention in the case for example of a cylindrical pipe or tube,
when forming the article on a matrix or core, the wire gauze is distended in a
cylindrical form on a metal skeleton or frame, which has its ends closed by disks,
through one of which passes a pipe connected to a pump or ejector or other exhaust
or suction apparatus. The suction pipe communicates with a tube extending
centrally from end to end of the skeleton and perforated so as to equalise the sucking
action throughout the interior of the skeleton. The apparatus which has been
described is immersed in the pulp, mixed with water, in a vat or any suitable
vessel, such vessel being provided with one or more mechanical agitators to keep
the pulp in a uniformly mixed condition. The suction causes the pulp to be
deposited upon the wire gauze shell; and when a deposit of a sufficient thickness has
been formed, the apparatus with the pulp on it is lifted out of the pulp vat, the
suction being continued during that operation. An outer shell of wire gauze is
next applied to the pulp and may be made to compress it more or less; and the
apparatus is placed in a stove to thoroughly dry the pulp.
After the pulp pipe or other article has been dried the skeleton or inner frame is
withdrawn from within the inner wire gauze shell which is afterwards easily detached
on being bended inwards at one part and then contracted. The wire gauze shell
may be made with or without a seam, the longitudinal edges being in the latter case
connected together by any simple easily loosened fastenings.
If the form of the article does not admit of the withdrawal of the skeleton
or frame, the latter may be made in parts which can be withdrawn separately or
which can be made to collapse.
Instead of depositing the pulp on the outside of a wire gauze or perforated
metal shell, it may be deposited on the inside of such a shell enclosed in an otherwise
airtight casing connected to the suction apparatus. In this case the fluid pulp is by
preference forced into the inside of the shell by means of a pump or injector.

page_text: By suitably adapting the parts of the apparatus it may be made applicable for
making pipes with right-angle or other branches, and with faucet enlargements, and
other parts.
The pipes or other articles formed in the manner herein before described may be
subsequently saturated with a bituminous or other composition to render them
waterproof, or to increase their hardness or durability.
Dated this Sixteenth day of October 1896.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicants' Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Pipes and other Articles of
Fibrous Pulp.
We, BERTRAND GRANT, of 45 Croxted Road, Dulwich, London, Engineer,
FRANK LIONEL ROECKNER, of 15, St. Lawrence Road, North Kensington, London,
Engineer, and ALEXANDER MACDOUGALL, of 59 Ladywell Street, and 33, South
Kinning Place, in the County of Glasgow, North Britain, Wire Cloth Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object the manufacture of pipes and other articles of
fibrous pulp in an improved, efficient and economical manner. The pulp may be
obtained from wood, rags, or other vegetable materials, or asbestos, or any suitable
mixture thereof, and the pulp is made to take the desired shape by being deposited
by means of suction on a matrix or core or in a mould of wire gauze or finely
perforated sheet metal, improved devices being employed to allow of the easy
removal of the gauze or perforated metal after the article has been formed.
And in order that the said Invention and the manner of performing the same may
be properly understood we hereunto append a sheet of explanatory drawings to be
hereinafter referred to and showing by way of example the application of the Invention
in the manufacture of a cylindrical pipe or tube when forming the article on a
matrix or core.
Figures, 1, and 2, on the accompanying sheet of drawings are, respectively
horizontal and vertical sections of the matrix or core. Figure, 3, is a sectional
elevation of a vat for holding the pulp and shown with the matrix or core in
position.
As shown in the drawings wire gauze, A, is distended in a cylindrical form on a
metal skeleton or frame, B, which has its ends closed by disks, C, D, through one, D,
of which passes a pipe, E, connected to a pump or ejector (not shown) or other
exhaust or suction apparatus. The suction pipe, E, communicates with a tube, F,
extending centrally from end to end of the skeleton frame, B, and perforated so as
equalise the sucking action throughout the interior of the skeleton, B. The apparatus
which has been described is immersed in pulp, G, mixed with water, in a vat, H, or any
suitable vessel, such vessel being provided with mechanical agitators, J, K, to keep
the pulp in a uniformly mixed condition. The suction causes the pulp to be deposited
upon the wire gauze shell, A, and when a deposit of a sufficient thickness has been
formed, suitable hoisting gear is attached to a hook, L, fastened in the upper disk C,
and the apparatus with the pulp on it is lifted out of the pulp vat, H, the suction
being continued during that operation. An outer shell of wire gauze (not shown)

page_text: may be next applied to the pulp and may be made to compress it more or less; and
the apparatus is placed in a stove to thoroughly dry the pulp.
After the pulp pipe, or other article has been dried the skeleton or inner frame, B,
is withdrawn from within the inner wire gauze shell, A, which is afterwards easily
detached on being bended inwards at one part and then contracted. The
wire gauze shell, A, may be made with or without a seam, the longitudinal edges
being in the latter case connected together by any simple easily loosened fastenings.
If the form of the article does not admit of the withdrawal of the skeleton or
frame (B) the latter may be made in parts which can be withdrawn separately
or which can be made to collapse.
Instead of depositing the pulp on the outside of a wire gauze or perforated
metal shell (A) it may be deposited on the inside of such shell enclosed in an otherwise
airtight casing connected to the suction apparatus. In this case the fluid pulp is by
preference forced into the inside of the shell by means of a pump or ejector.
By suitably adapting the parts of the apparatus it may be made applicable for
making pipes with right-angle or other branches, and with faucet enlargements and
other parts.
The pipes or other articles formed in the manner herein before described may be
subsequently saturated with a bituminous or other composition to render them
waterproof, or to increase their hardness or durability.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
In the manufacture of pipes and other articles of fibrous pulp, causing the pulp to
take the desired shape by being deposited by means of suction, or by a pump or
injector, on a matrix or core or in a mould of wire gauze or perforated sheet metal on
a skeleton or frame capable of being withdrawn or made collapsible to allow of the
removal of the gauze or sheet metal after the article has been forined, substantially
as hereinbefore described.
Dated this Fifteenth day of July 1907