IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING, FORCING, AND EXHAUSTING WATER, AIR, OR OTHER FLUID, ALSO FOR LIFTING, DIRECTING, AND GUIDING BALLOONS AND FLYING MACHINES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Collis Browne, of "The Cedars," Hampton
Wick, in the County of Middlesex, Physician, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING, FORCING, AND EXHAUSTING
WATER, AIR, OR OTHER FLUID, ALSO FOR LIFTING, DIRECTING, AND GUIDING
BALLOONS AND FLYING MACHINES.”
Sealed the 26th June 1874, and dated the 30th December 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Collis Browne
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 30th December 1873.
I, JOHN COLLIS BROWNE, of "The Cedars," Hampton Wick, in the
County of Middlesex, Physician, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING, FORCING, AND
EXHAUSTING WATER, AIR, OR OTHER FLUID, ALSO FOR LIFTING, DIRECTING, AND
GUIDING BALLOONS AND FLYING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
The obiect of this Invention is the construction and arrangement of

page_text: fans being set in pairs so that the fluid after leaving the face of the first
blade of the pair is struck or acted upon by the back of the second blade
of the pair according to the direction of rotation, there being preferably
two pairs fitted in opposite order upon the same boss or nave for raising,
forcing, and exhausting purposes, whether applied for hydrostatic, pneu-
matic, or aerostatic purposes.
In carrying my Invention into effect I cast or mount two blades of
curved form upon or to a boss, one blade being a slight distance or
merging from its neighbouring blade and with its face looking in the
reverse direction, so that supposing them to be working in a chamber
for raising water like a turbine the first blade takes the water upon its
face and scoops it into a kind of column or cable which it throws away
in a line parallel to the axis of the shaft and into the path of the other
blade which acts upon the column or cable of water by its back, the
combined action of which two blades serves to utilize the full power of
the engine or machine by which the blades are rotated, and the water
is lifted or forced up in larger quantities than is usual, and with little or
no back lash or slip. The two blades of the pair are exactly alike as far
as their curvature, length, breadth, depth, and thickness are concerned,
so that when rotated in one direction they act for raising purposes, and
- when rotated in the reverse direction they act for exhausting.
I purpose using four blades, as two pairs to each boss, to steady and to
regulate the rotation of the shaft, to prevent unnecessary friction of the
bearings and step block, and to permit so to speak of two columns or
cables of water being lifted at the same time.
By my Invention the water is received by the receiving faces of the
blades in bodies concentric with and parallel to the axial line of the
shaft, and these bodies are discharged from the backs of the neighbouring
blades of the respective pairs, also in bodies concentric with and parallel
to the axial line of the shaft, whereas in all existing turbines the water
is either received near the axial line of the shaft and thrown off from the
outer edges of the blades, or it is received by the outer edges of the
blades and drawn in towards the axial line of the shaft along which it is
discharged, the first of which necessitates side openings in the casing for
admitting the water to the blades, while the second requires the side
openings for the discharge. The disadvantage of the side openings for
the edge reception is the water is cut up by the blades and parcelled off

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Collis Browne in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 29th June 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN COLLIS
BROWNE, of "The Cedars," Hampton Wick, in the County of Middlesex,
Physician, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing dato the Thirtieth day of December, in the year
of our Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said John Collis Browne, Her
special licence that I, the said John Collis Browne, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Collis
Browne, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, cxcrcise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING, FORCING, AND EXHAUSTING WATER,
AIR, OR OTHER FLUID, ALSO POR LIFTING, DIRECTING, AND GUIDING BALLOONS AND

page_text: FLYING MACHINES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
John Collis Browne, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Collis Browne, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings
hereunto annexed, that is to say:
-
The object of this Invention is the construction and arrangement of
blades, fins, or fans upon a revolving boss or nave, the blades, fins, or
fans being set in pairs so that the fluid after leaving the face of the first
blade of the pair is struck or acted upon by the back of the second blade
of the pair, according to the direction of rotation, there being preferably
two pairs fitted in opposite order upon the same boss or nave for raising,
forcing, and exhausting purposes whether applied for hydrostatic, pncu-
matic, or acrostatic purposes.
In carrying my Invention into effect I cast or mount two blades of
curved form upon or to a boss, one blade being a slight distance or
merging from its neighbouring blade and with its face looking in the
reverse direction, so that supposing them to be working in a chamber
for raising water like a turbine, the first blade takes the water upon its
face and scoops it into a kind of column or cable which it throws away
in a line parallel to the axis of the shaft and into the path of the other
blade which acts upon the column or cable of water by its back, the
combination of which two blades serves to utilize the full power of the
engine or machine by which the blades are rotated and the water is
lifted or forced up in larger quantities than is usual, and with little or
no back lash or slip. The two blades of the pair are exactly alike as far
as their curvature, length, breadth, depth, and thickness are concerned,
so that when rotated in one direction they act for raising purposes, and
when rotated in the reverse direction they act for exhausting or pushing.
I purpose using four blades, as two pairs to cach boss, to steady and to
regulate the rotation of the shaft, to prevent unnecessary friction of the

page_text: bearings and step block, and to permit so to speak of two columns or
cables of water being lifted at the same time.
By my Invention the water is received by the receiving faces of the
blades in bodies concentric with and parallel to the axial line of the
shaft, and these bodies are discharged from the backs of the neighbouring
blades of the respective pairs also in bodies concentric with and parallel
to the axial line of the shaft, whereas in all existing turbines the water
is either received near the axial line of the shaft and thrown off from the
outer edges of the blades, or it is received by the outer edges of the
blades and drawn in towards the axial line of the shaft along which it is
discharged, the first of which necessitates side openings in the casing for
admitting the water to the blades, while the second requires the side
openings for the discharge. The disadvantage of the side openings for
the edge reception is the water is cut up by the blades and parcelled off
in the pockets, besides which the chamber in which the blades work is of
Jaman

page_text: each respective pair is arranged, and with the faces of each pair in
opposite directions, as shown, and for the purposes set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Collis Browne, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of June, One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.