Year: 1895

page_text: This Print is in accordance with the Original Specification as it stauls after
Amendment (under Section 18 of the Patents, &c., Act, 1883), as allowed
by the decision of the Law Officer of the 17th day of December 1896.
Date of Application, 11th Apr., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 9th Jan., 1896-Accepted, 15th Feb., 1896
I, WILLIAM MURCHLAND, of 13, Bank Street, Kilmarnock, in the County of
Ayr, North Britain, Plumber, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows, that is to say :-
My said invention has for its object to improve the construction and c ›mbination
of waterclosets and parts connected therewith.
In carrying out my invention I employ a closet basin, preferably of earthenware,
the discharge passage from which is without a movable pan or valve and is formed
with two siphon or trap bends, in the space between which bends air is confined
when there is water in them. The space between the trap bends is connected by
a small pipe to the upper part of a compartment or separate vessel or enclosure in
the water supply cistern above. The compartment is closed on the top and on all
sides and ouly communicates with the other part of the cistern by one or more
passages at its bottom; and when the cistern fills with water, the water rising in
the compartment compresses the air therein and ca uses an increase of air pressure
in the space between the two trap bends which increased pressure makes the water
stand at a higher level in the closet basin after an action of the closet than it
otherwise would do. In the uncovered part of the cistern there is a vertical pipe .
extending through the bottom of the cistern and serving as the long leg of a
siphon, this pipe being covered by an inverted cup or bell which is connected to a
lever arranged to lift it when the closet handle is pulled. Within the bell there is
a slightly smaller bell, and when the outer bell is lifted it raises the inner bell also,
as by suction, but the latter drops in a short time, which prevents the siphonal
action when the cistern refills, should the closet han lle continue to be pulled and
the outer bell lifted. The dropping of the inner bell is insured by a small hole
for admitting air in the top of the outer bell. The long leg pipe extends down
into a box beneath the bottom of the cistern and dips into a small compartment
which always retains enough water to seal the lower part of the pipe. From the
small compartment the water, when running overflows into a larger compartment,
and after filling it up to a certain height enters the downlet pipe to the closet,
this pipe extending up within the compartment, but having a small hole in it just
above the bottom of the compartment through which hole the water in the com-
partment flows slowly down after the main flushing has taken place and forms the
after flush for the closet basin. Within the siphon there is a small pipe which has
its upper open end in the long-leg pipe and which extends downwards and is
connected to the basin trap bend below the water seal therein; and when a large
ID

page_text: quantity of water is emptied into the closet basin a suction is produced in the
small pipe which drawing air from the siphon starts the siphonal action and
thereby insures the filling up of the closet basin to the proper height. Water is
supplied to the cistern through a cock or valve of any suitable known kind
actuated by a lever and float; but in order to prevent or greatly diminish noise
the nozzle of the cock is made to dip into a suitably placed cup the water in
which always closes the nozzle, the water from the cock overflowing from the cup
into the cistern.
In order to connect the downlet water pipe to the horn of the closet basin
I have the horn formed with segments of an outward flange at its outer end and
employ a coupling ring made with segments of an inward flange which latter
segments can enter between the segments on the horn. When the ring is turned
partly round after its segments have been entered it becomes locked to the born.
The ring is otherwise made like the ring of an ordinary screw pipe coupling, and the
pipe is connected to it in the usual manner, a rubber ring or equivalent being applied
inside of the coupling between the ends of the horn and pipe. The joint between
the discharge nozzle of an earthenware closet basin and a metal waste pipe may
be made in the same way. Or in either case the ring with inward flange segments
may be arranged to be bolted to a flange on the metal pipe, or to a ring retained
on the metal pipe by a flange, or by segmental flanges.
Dated this Tenth day of April 1895.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.
.
Improvements in and connected with Waterclosets.
I, WILLIAM MURCHLAND, of 13, Bank Street, Kilmarnock, in the County of
Ayr, North Britain, Plumber, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say :—
My said invention has for its object to improve the construction and combination
of waterclosets and parts connected therewith.
Apparatus as made according to my invention is shown on an accompanying
sheet of explanatory drawings, Figures, 1, and 2, thereof being respectively a
vertical section and a sectional elevation, as at right angles to each other.
Figures, 3, and 4; 5, and 6; 7, and 8, are respectively views at right angles to
each other of three modifications of pipe joint drawn to a larger scale.
In these drawings the same reference letters and numerals are used to mark the
same or like parts wherever they are repeated.
"
In carrying out my invention I employ a closet basin, A, preferably of
earthenware, the discharge passage, B, from which is without a movable pan or
valve and is formed with two siphon or trap bends, C, and, D, in the space
between which bends air is confined when there is water in them. The space
between the trap bends is connected by a small pipe, E, to the upper part of a
compartment, or separate vessel, or enclosure, G, in the water supply cistern, H,
above. The compartment or vessel, G, consists preferably of a separate piece from
the cistern, H, in one end of which it is placed its removal for cleaning being
.thereby facilitated. The compartment, G, is closed at the top and on all sides and
only communicates with the other part of the cistern, H, by one or it might be
more passages, J, at its bottom; and when the cistern, H, fills with water, the
water rising in the compartment, G, forces, the air therefrom by the pipe, E, and
causes an increase of air pressure in the space, C 1, between the two trap bends, C,

page_text: and D, which increased pressure makes the water stand at a higher level in the
closet basin, A, after an action of the closet than it otherwise would do. In the
uncovered part of the cistern, H, there is a vertical pipe, K, extending through
the bottom of the cistern and serving as the long leg of a siphon, this pipe being
covered by an inverted cup or bell, L, which is connected to a lever, M, arranged
to lift it when the closet handle, N, is pulled. Within the bell, L, there is a
slightly smaller bell, P, with openings at the bottom and when the outer bell is
lifted it raises the inner bell also, as by suction, but the latter drops in a short
time, and prevents siphonal action when the cistern, H, refills should the closet
handle, N, continue to be pulled and the outer bell, L, lifted. The dropping of
the inner bell, P, is insured by a small hole, Q, for admitting air, in the top of the-
outer bell. The long-leg pipe, K, extends down into a box, R, beneath the bottom
of the cistern, H, and dips into a compartment, R 1, therein which always retains
enough water to seal the lower part of the pipe. From the compartment, R 1, the
water, when running overflows into another compartment, R 2, in the box, R, and
after filling it up to a certain height enters the downlet pipe, S, to the closet this
pipe extending up within the compartment but having a small hole, S 1, in it just
above the bottom of the compartment through which hole the water in the
compartment flows slowly down after the main flushing has taken place and forms-
the after flush for the closet basin, A. Within the siphon there is a small
pipe, S2, which has its upper open end in the long-leg pipe, K, and which extends
downwards and is connected to the basin trap bend, C, below the water seal
therein. When the water in the closet basin A becomes from any cause lowered,.
the air which is in the pipe S' and the pipe K, and which has a pressure corre-
sponding to the head of water in the cistern above the siphon pipe K, escapes to a
less or greater extent and in doing so produces or facilitates the siphonal action
from the cistern. The pipe, S 2, will also bring about a proper refilling of the
closet basin and other parts after an interruption of the water supply and in other
circumstances. Water is supplied to the cistern, H, through a cock or valve, T,.
of any suitable known kind actuated by a lever, T 1, and float, T 2, but in order to
prevent or greatly diminish noise the nozzle of the cock is made to dip into a
suitably placed cup, T 3, the water in which always closes the nozzle, the water
from the cock overflowing from the cup into the cistern.
The action of my improved apparatus is as follows:-When the cistern, H, has
been emptied and also the compartment, G, water will enter by the float cock, T,
and in filling up the cistern to a level above the top of the compartment, G, will
force the air out of that compartment thereby, by the connecting air pipe, E,.
increasing the pressure of the air in the space, C1, between the two trap bends, B,
and D, interposed between the closet basin, A, and the waste pipe. In consequence
of the increased air pressure in the space, C 1, the water in the sides of the trap.
bends communicating with that space will be kept down, and the level of the
water in the basin, A, will be raised above the level it would otherwise have. On
the closet handle, N, being pulled and the siphonal action in the cistern, H,.
started, the pressure in the space, C1, will be diminished or overcome and the
contents of the basin will be discharged. The cistern, H, will then fill again, and.
as a result of the actions, a sufficiency of water will be retained in the closet
basin, A, without the bottom of the basin having to be made with a depression for
that purpose as in some existing kinds of watercloset.
The cistern, H, and some parts connected therewith are represented as of
strengths suitable for being made of earthenware; but they may be made of cast.
iron or other suitable material if desired.
In order to connect the downlet water pipe, S, to the horn, S3, of the closet
basin, A, I have the horn formed with segments, S4, of an outward flange at its.
outer end and employ a coupling ring, S 5, Figures, 3, and 4, or 5, and, 6, made-
with segments, S 6, of an inward flange which latter segments can enter between.
the segments on the horn. When the ring, S 5, is turned partly round after its
segments, S 6, have been entered, it becomes locked to the horn, S 3. The ring, S 5,.

page_text: is otherwise made like the ring of an ordinary screw pipe coupling, being screwed
externally (Figures, 3, and, 4) or internally (Figures, 5, and 6) and the pipe, S7,
is connected to it by a coupling nut, S 8, a rubber ring, S9, or equivalent being
applied inside of the coupling between the end of the horn, S3, and the end of
the pipe, S 7. The joint between the discharge nozzle, C1, of an earthenware
closet basin, A, and a metal waste pipe, V, may be made in the same way. Or in
either case the ring, S5, with inward flange segments, S-6, may be bolted (as
shown in Figures, 7, and 8) to a flange, V I, on the metal pipe, V, or to a ring
retained on the metal pipe by a flange or by segmental flanges.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The construction, arrangement, and combination of parts constituting the
improved watercloset apparatus hereinbefore described and shown in Figures, 1,
and 2, of the accompanying drawings.
2. Forming the discharge passage from a watercloset basin with two trap
bends having between them a confined air space connected to a compartment in the
cistern in which compartment air is compressed by the water filled into the cistern
the parts being constructed, arranged, and combined in the improved manner
substantially as herein before described.
3. The combination of parts comprising the siphonal apparatus in the cistern
and the box (R) beneath with trap compartment, and after-flush compartment,
constructed and arranged in the improved manner herein before described.
4. In combination with the other parts arranging a cup, T 3, into which the
nose of the float cock dips as and for the purpose herein before described.
5. As a joint to connect pipes to watercloset apparatus, a screw coupling piece
made with inward flange segments to interlock with outward flange segments on
the earthenware horn or pipe and combined with a rubber ring or equivalent
substantially as hereinbefore described.
Dated this Eighth day of January 1896.