IMPROVEMENTS IN PETROLEUM AND COAL OIL BURNERS AND GLASSES
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Michael Alexander Dietz, of Saint Paul's Buildings
Little Carter Lane, in the City of London, Lamp Manufacturer, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PETROLEUM AND COAL OIL BURNERS
AND GLASSES."
Sealed the 18th July 1865, and dated the 23rd January 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Michael Alexander Dietz
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd January 1865.
I, MICHAEL ALEXANDER DIETZ, of Saint Paul's Buildings, Little Carter
5 Lane, in the City of London, Lamp Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PETROLEUM AND COAL OIL
BURNERS AND GLASSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates, first, to the arrangement of the deflectors for
deflecting the air on the flame of a petroleum or coal oil lamp in combination
with a short glass or chimney, the operation of the deflectors being such that
the glass may be short, say about four inches, and of a bulbous form, the
lower part being nearly hemispherical and of about four inches in diameter,
while the upper part is of a tapering or conical form, terminating in an opening
of about one inch in diameter. The lower part of the glass terminates in a
lip for fastening in the gallery as usual. The deflectors above mentioned are
formed of a dome-like part as usual, enclosing the protruded wick and the
lower part of the flame, but instead of having an opening or slot across the
top merely, and round the shoulders a little, I carry the ends down the sides in

page_text: an angular or V-form, the angle of the V terminating a little above the wick
holder or orifice out of which the wick is protruded. The gallery rests on a
perforated cylinder, through which the air enters to be supplied to the flame
both inside and outside the deflectors; this perforated cylinder contains a dia-
phragm, to which the gallery is attached by perpendicular arms jointed to the
diaphragm. When the gallery is down the diaphragm is at the lower part of
the perforated cylinder, and forms a bottom to it, closing the orifices to the oil
receptacle of the lamp, but the gallery may be raised, and with it the dia-
phragm, to the top of the perforated cylinder. This cylinder has a large
opening in the side, or there may be one at each side, these large openings are
exposed and open when the lower diaphragm is so fitted, but closed by pieces
of metal, the same as the cylinder affixed to the diaphragm, which is also
furnished with a lip edge turned up, so that it fits and slides somewhat like a
piston. When the gallery is raised it can be tilted to the side so as to expose
the wick freely for the purpose of trimming it, the diaphragm acting as a
kind of tray to catch any matters that might fall in that act. When the
diaphragm is also so raised the lamp can be trimmed by entering the spout
of the oil can through the opening or openings in the side of the perforated
cylinder. The bottom, which is cupped or hollow, and screwed or otherwise
fixed to the oil receptacle, has an aperture or apertures to permit the passage
of oil into the receptacle of the lamp. The gallery, instead of having its arm
hinged to the tray or diaphragm, may be a fixture, and one or more employed,
but so disposed as to offer the necessary convenience for trimming the wick.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Michael Alexander, Dietz in the Great Seal Patent Office.
on the 22nd July 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MICHAEL
ALEXANDER DIETZ, of Saint Paul's Buildings, Little Carter Lane, in the City,
of London, Lamp Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred. and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of
Iler reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Michael Alexander Dietz, Her special licence that I, the said
Michael Alexander, Dietz, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Michael Alexander Dietz, my executors, administrators,

page_text: and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PETROLEUM AND COAL OIL BURNERS AND GLASSES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Michael Alexander
Dietz, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Michael Alexander Dietz, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
My Invention relates, first, to the construction or arrangement of the
deflector for deflecting the air on the flame of a petroleum or coal oil lamp
in combination with a short glass or chimney, the operation of the deflector
being such that the glass may be very short, say about four inches, it is
of a bulbous form, the lower part being nearly hemispherical and about three
inches at its greatest diameter, while the upper part is of a tapering or conical
form, terminating in an opening of about one inch in diameter. The lower
part of the glass terminates in a lip for fastening in the gallery as usual.
The deflector above mentioned is formed of a dome-like part as usual, enclosing
the protruded wick and the lower part of the flame, but instead of having an
opening or slot across the top and merely round the shoulders a little, I carry
the ends of the slot or opening down the sides of an angular or V form, the
angle of the V terminating a little above the wick holder or orifice out of which
the wick is protruded. The gallery rests on a perforated cylinder, through
which the air enters to be supplied to the flame both inside and outside the
deflector; this perforated cylinder contains a diaphragm, to which the gallery
is attached by perpendicular arms jointed to the diaphragm. When the gallery
is down the diaphragm is at the lower part of the perforated cylinder, and
forms a bottom to it, and closes the oil entrance orifices of the oil receptacle ;
the gallery may be raised, and with it the said diaphragm rises to the top of
the perforated cylinder. This cylinder has a large opening in the side, or there
may be one at each side; these openings are exposed and open when the dia-

page_text: phragm is lifted, but closed by pieces of perforated metal, the same as the
cylinder affixed to the diaphragm; the diaphragm is also furnished with a lip
or edge turned up so that it fits and slides somewhat like a piston in a cylinder,
when the gallery is raised it can be tilted on one side so as to expose the wick
freely for the purpose of cutting or trimming it, the diaphragm acting as a kind
of tray to catch any matters that might fall in that act, and so intercepts and
prevents such getting into the oil vessel. When the diaphragm is so raised the
lamp can be filled by entering the spout of an oil can through the opening or
openings in the side of the perforated cylinder, the bottom of which is cupped or
hollow, and screwed or otherwise fixed to the oil vessel, and has an aperture or
apertures to permit the passage of the oil into the reservoir of the lamp. The
gallery instead of having its arms hinged to the tray or diaphragm may be
a fixture, and one or more arms employed, but so disposed as to provide the
necessary convenience for trimming the wick,
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 represents an elevation of a petroleum oil lamp burner and glass
arranged and constructed according to my Invention; Fig. 2, a similar view, but
with the gallery and the glass elevated; Fig. 3 represents a transverse vertical
section taken transversely through Fig. 1, that is to say, through the line 1, 2;
Fig. 4, a view taken at right angles to Fig. 2, but with the gallery tilted on
one side, and as disposed while trimming the lamp; and Fig. 5, a plan of the
burner with the glass removed.
The part a, fixed on the lamp vessel or reservoir b, is the same as in ordinary,
and to which the base c of the perforated cylinder g is fitted much in the
usual manner; it has fixed in the centre the wick holder d and entrance
orifices e for the oil. These orifices are covered by the tray or diaphragm f,
fitted in the perforated cylinder g; h, h, are apertures formed in the sides
of the perforated cylinder for filling the lamp; these are provided with
shutters i, i, fixed to or formed on the tray f, and which close openings h, h,
when the tray is in its lowest position as at Fig. 1, but exposes or opens them,
as at Fig. 2, when the tray is raised. By these means ready access is obtained
for supplying oil to the lamp, while at same time the entirety of the perforated
cylinder g is easily re-established. The object of the perforated cylinder is to
regulate the admission of air to the burner, and prevent undue influence on the
flame taking effect from currents of air in the presence of the lamp. To
ensure this I cause the whole of the air for the supply of the flame to enter
the perforated cylinder g, free access therefrom being had to the interior of
the deflector k, k, and by the perforations 1, 1, in the gallery m to the outside;

page_text: Fig. 6 represents a detached view of the gallery and tray in side elevation,
showing these parts detached, also the method of connecting them; while
Fig. 7 is a plan of the latter. The gallery m, and deflector k, k, are stamped
up in one piece of metal as usual; this is also the case with the tray f, the
shutters i, i, and hook parts p, p, the shutters i, i; being previously or subse-
quently perforated to correspond with the perforations in cylinder g; r, r, are two
arms rivetted or brazed into the gallery; these arms are furnished with holes at
the lower ends, into which the parts p, p, are turned and hook, and which, in
addition to connecting these parts, permit of the hinge motion required. The
tray itself is solid, as seen in plan, Fig. 7, excepting the hole for the passage
of the wick holder d, on which the tray slides freely up and down, but at same
time is closely fitted thereto, and so as to prevent dirt from the wick falling
into the oil reservoir.
The improvements in the air deflector k, k, consists in making the opening x, x,
extend downwards at the sides as represented by the V termination represented
more particularly in Fig. 3, instead of terminating at a higher point as usual,
and as seen dotted. The exact V form represented is not essentially necessary so
long as the opening is extended downwards as described, but I prefer the V
form as being best adapted for the control of the air in its access to the flame.
This form and arrangement of the deflector enables the use of a very short
glass s, as seen in Fig. 1, instead of the long chimneys usually employed, which
are inconvenient and liable to break from the heat of the flame, casualties to
which glasses thus constructed and furnished are much less liable. This
burner is furnished with a wick raiser t, t, as usual, and is otherwise constructed
much like ordinary petroleum oil burners. When it is desired to pour oil into
the lamp reservoir b, it is simply necessary to raise the gallery m, and with it
the tray f, as seen in Fig. 2, to introduce the spout of an oil can at hole h,
and pour
it into the dished part of c, whence it flows through holes e into b.
When it is necessary to cut or trim the wick the gallery is tilted on one side,
as seen in Fig. 4, when the operation may be readily performed by a pair of
scissors as usual; any of the carbonaceous or extraneous matters detached will
be caught in the tray f, and so intercepted and prevented falling into the oil
reservoir, as is frequently the case in ordinary lamps. I prefer to tilt the
chimney and gallery as at Fig. 4, when filling the lamp, as in that position
the parts are self-supporting in the elevated position, leaving the hands free to
perform the filling operation. Instead of the gallery being hinged to f by
the arms r, they may be rigidly fixed together, but in which case I prefer to
dispense with one of these arms, and provide one aperture h and one shutter i
only, as seen in the detached view at Fig 8.

page_text: Having described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of performing
the same, I declare that what I claim as my Invention to be protected by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the construction and
arrangement of parts herein-before described and represented in the Drawings
hereunto annexed, constituting a lamp burner for the combustion of petroleum
or coal oil, and also the form and arrangement of the glass or chimney in
connection therewith, as and for the purposes herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Michael Alexander Dietz, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
M. A. DIETZ. (L.S.)