Improvements in and connected with a Method of and an 'Apparatus for Drying. Malt.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd July; 1895-Accepted, 3rd Aug.; 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with a Method of and an 'Apparatus
for Drying. Malt.
We, CARL LUDWIG AUGUST FRIEDRICH BUTTNER and Dr. CARL FERDINAND
MEYER, both residents of Uerdingen on the Rhine, in the Province of the, Rhine,
German Empire, Manufacturers: do hereby, declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is, to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
1
In those cases, in which the drying of 'malt is performed by means of heated air,
the latter is led directly through said malt; that operation. is generally performed
by means of perforated drums of suitable construction. There is with said
apparatus no possibility of heating the malt not by streaming heat only; but by
radiant or conducted heat, too, and the drying can be effected solely by the
introduction of air of a suitable degree of heat. We have, however, found that
with some sorts of malts the quality is greatly improved; if the process of drying is
effected in three stages; i.e. first with streaming heat alone; thereafter with streaming
heat together with either radiant or conducted heat; and finally with either radiant
or conducted heat alone.
Concerning the terms" streaming heat" and "conducted heat" we think it well
to explain, that by the former term we mean streaming hot air, whilst by the other
term we mean the heat conducted for instance by a metal-plate from one of its
surfaces to the other. If; therefore, heated fair is forced or sucked: directly
through the malt, then the latter is acted on by streaming heat; if, however,
the malt contained within a drum is acted onsby heat applied to the outside of
that drumy then the malttis subjected to the influence of conducted heat; and if;
finally, the malt within said heated drum is prevented from touching the inner
surface of the latter; say; by a sieve-mantle, then the malt is exposed to the effect
of radiant heat.
In order to carry our improved process into practice we have devised then two
apparatus shown in the accompanying drawing, in which similar letters denote:
similar parts throughout the several views, and in which:
Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through the drying drum proper; its
casing, and the hot air generator; Figure 2 is a vertical cross-section through the
same parts;
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section through a modified iconstruction of drum; and
Figure 4 isia cross-section through the modified drum
Referring to Figs. 1 & 2, a designates the drying-drum proper, which is supporteds
by rolls'b, and actuated by a large worm-wheel c'encompassing said drum, and by a
worm'd gearing with said wheel c, and secured to a shafte; the latter is provided.
with pulleys f
The drum a is besides its frontal plates proper a' a finished with two auxiliary
frontal plates a connected by, or holding two bents or curved perforated wallsig,
and a perforated central tube h.. Thouchannels (9'). formed by said walls g, as
well as the tube / may be closed by valves i andek, valve being arranged opposite
to the valves k. If, therefore, the space enclosed by the auxiliary frontal walls a
the central tubeth, the curved wallsig, and the mantle of the drum asis filled with!
malt; and if the valves and are closed; the airs introduced into said tube h
will pass directly through the malti into the channels:g', from which the air-will!
011 ...מ

page_text: escape through the hollow neck / arranged between the frontal wall a¹ of the drum
and the opposite wall of the casing m, or connecting the drum a with the flue or
conduit n respectively.
The other frontal wall (a²) is also furnished with a hollow neck l¹, by means of
which the drum a is connected with the hot air flue o. Said neck contains a
throttle-valve p, and the hot air ascending from below, or from the furnace or
generator respectively, will, if the said valve is closed, be hindered from entering
the interior of the drum.
2
The hot air generator consists of the furnace 9 and the radiators r, which are
intercalated between said furnace and the flue t. The air to be heated enters the
generator through the conduit, u, and, after it has passed the radiators, flows into
the casing m through the openings v, which are furnished with regulating slides or
valves w.
We prefer to combine our drying apparatus with an auxiliary drum a, within
which the malt is subjected to a preliminary drying. Thereafter, the malt is
introduced into the drum a, ie. into the space enclosed by the inner frontal
walls a³, the curved longitudinal walls g, the tube h and the mantle proper of the
drum, and the valve p is then opened whilst the valves i and k as well as the
slides ware kept closed. The hot air is thus compelled to flow through the flue o,
the neck and the tube into and through the malt, and flows then off through
the channels g¹, the neck 1 and the flue n. The malt is thus during this time
exposed to the action of streaming heat. After some time the valves i and kan l
the slides wo are opened to a slight extent, so that a part of the hot air may pass
the outer surface of the drum a, and may flow directly through the tube h and the
channels g', whilst, however, the greatest part of the air is still compelled to flow
directly through the malt. The latter is thus acted on also by the heat imparted
to the various metal parts constituting the drum, or with other words, it is acted on
not by streaming heat only, but by conducted heat, too. In the last phase of the
process the valves and k and the slides w are perfectly opened, and shortly there-
after the throttle-valve p is perfectly closed, so that now all the heat acts upon the
outer surface of the drum. There is thus no streaming heat whatever, but the malt,
is exposed solely to the influence of conducted one.
:
In order to cause a thorough stirring of the malt during the rotation of the drum.
we prefer to arrange inside the latter two radial plates y extending in the longitudinal
direction of the drum, and terminating shortly opposite to the tube h (compare
Fig. 2). The plates y may however, be as broad as to touch the tube h and we
provide in this case the inner edge of each of said plates with a number of cut-outs,
so as thereby to allow the passage of the malt from one half of the drum into
the other.
The casing m containing the drum need not necessarily be a fixed one, but may
be connected with the drum, so as to rotate together with the same. We have
shown this mode of construction: in Figs. 3 & 4 of the. drawing. The curved
plates 9 with their channels g of the mode of construction first described are in
this other mode replaced by perforated tubes.g, which each may be closed by a
valve in substantially the same way, as has been shown in Fig. 1. Said valves
are in this case held not by the frontal wall proper of the drum,, but by the
respective frontal wall of the casing m. Said: wall holds further an annular valves,
which is used for closing the space between the mantle of the drum h and that of
the casing m.
!
The malt contained within drum a, and surrounding the tubes 9 and 1, is
prevented from coming in contact with the inner surface of the mantle of drum a
by means of a cylindrical sieve or large perforated tube s. If the valves i and k
are closed, and the valve is opened, the hot air entering the apparatus through
the neck will flow through the space between the drum a and the casing m, and
the malt resting upon the sieves will then be acted on by radiant heat. If the
valve is also closed, all the air will enter the central tube h, will flow directly
through the malt, and will then escape, through the tubes g and the neck n.
The

page_text: succession of the three phases of the drying process is, as a matter of course, just
the same as above described.
Having now particularly described the nature of our said invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is:-
1. The method of drying malt consisting in heating the same first by streaming
heat only, thereafter by streaming heat together with either conducted or radiant
heat, and finally by either conducted or radiant heat only, substantially as
described.
2. As a means for carrying the above method (Claim 1) into effect, the com-
bination with a drum, of a perforated tube or tubes adapted to lead air into said
drum, and of another perforated tube or tubes adapted to lead said air out of
the said drum; said tube or tubes having each a valve at one side, the valve
or valves of the former tube or tubes being arranged opposite to the valve or valves
of the other tube or tubes, for the purpose as described.
3. In a drying-drum, the combination with the frontal walls of the drum, of a
perforated central tube having a valve at its outlet-end, and a number of other
perforated tubes surrounding the former, and having each a valve at its inlet-end,
for the purpose as described.
4. In a drying-drum, the combination with the frontal walls of the drum, of a
perforated central tube having a valve at its outlet-end, and a number of other
perforated tubes surrounding the former, and having each a valve at its inlet-end ;
the whole being arranged within a casing adapted to rotate together with said
drum; one of the frontal-walls of said casing holding the valves for said number
of tubes as well as an annular valve adapted to close the inlet-end of the space
between the said drum and the said casing, substantially as described.
5. In a drying-drum, the combination with the frontal walls of the drum, of
auxiliary inner frontal walls supporting a perforated central tube and two or more
perforated curved plates secured with their longitudinal edges to the mantle of
said drum, one of the frontal walls of the drum carrying valves adapted to close the
channels formed by said curved plates, said valves being situated at the inlet-end
of said channels, the perforated central tube having a valve at its outlet end,
substantially as described.
Dated this 30th day of June 1895
CARL LUDWIG AUGUST FRIEDRICH BÜTTNER,
DR. CARL FERDINAND MEYER,
By Robert Deissler,
38, Alexander Strasse, Berlin, C., Germany,
Agent for the Applicants.