Improvements in Machinery for the Manufacture of Black Puddings.
Year: 1889

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for the Manufacture of Black Puddings.
We JOHN HARTLEY, Plasterer of The Arcade, Colne, Lancashire, SILAS DAWSON,
Pork Butcher, of Prestwich near Manchester and JAMES DOUGLAS HARTLEY,
Plasterer of The Arcade, aforesaid do hereby declare the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to bo performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a simple and compact arrangement of mechanism for
mixing together the necessary ingredients, blood, groats etc. and for introducing the
same into the casings or skins in the manufacture of black puddings. Another
arrangement of the same machine provides for the periodical cutting off and
introduction of pieces of fat or leaf-lard the same to be carried forwards along with
the mixture into the skin to form the black pudding.
On sheet 1 of the accompanying drawing is illustrated our improved mechanism in
its simplest form, Fig. 1 being a side sectional view and Fig. 2 a front view (partially
in section) of the same machine.
In both views a represents a trough or hopper surrounded by a hot water jacket b
and through which a shaft c revolves carrying a circular mixing blade d for thoroughly
mixing together the usual ingredients such as blood, groats, fat etc. which are first
introduced into the trough or hopper « by the removal of the cover a¹. The mixture
then gradually passes downwards through the throat or neck e into the front part of
a cylinder f. In this cylinder reciprocates a solid plunger for the purpose of
forcing the mixture out of such cylinder through a tube on the outlet end of
which is held or secured the casing or skin which forms the outer covering of the
black puddings. The necessary reciprocating motion of the plunger gis imparted by
the crank upon the driving shaft (turned by the hand wheel or by power)
communicating its motion through the connecting rod k. Continuous revolving
motion in one and the same direction is also imparted at the same time and at the
desired speed from the same driving shaft by the endless chain and chain wheels m
and n to the shaft e carrying the circular mixing blade d as aforesaid. This mixing
blade is formed with openings d and cross-bars d in the centre as illustrated.
In this manner we construct a simple and effective machine which by a continuous
motion not only thoroughly mixes the ingredients but by a succession of rapidly
following strokes of the plunger feeds and forces the mixture into the casing or
skin and so is capable of making continuous lengths of black puddings and of equal
consistency and regularity throughout.
If I desire to introduce separately the pieces of fat consisting of leaf-lard, the same
is fed to the machine by being placed upon a travelling belt to which an intermittent
motion is imparted beneath one or more revolving knives so as to cut off a strip or
strips of the fat and to present such strip or strips to a reciprocating or revolving
knife which cuts off a piece of each strip and then allows the same to fall through an
opening into the cylinder ready for its being carried along with the plunger on its
return stroke.
In this arrangement of our machine which is illustrated on sheet 2 of the accom-
panying drawing by side sectional view Fig. 3 and front view Fig. 4 (partially in
section) we mount the hopper a above and at one end of the cylinder and provide
the hopper with a similar mixing blade d and the cylinder with a reciprocating
plunger g operated by a crank jupon the driving shaft ; as in the first mentioned
machine. Driven from the driving shaft by spur gearing o is an intermediate
shaft o¹ which by means of bevil gearing p and p₁ and a cross shaft p³ imparts
constantly revolving motion to a set of circular cutters or disc knives q working
against the edges of corresponding grooves formed in a lower roller and also
Pris I

page_text: carrying at its extremity a knife s. Working alongside the circular cutters and
extending the length of the machine in an oblique direction is an endless belt or apron t
designed to carry the leaf-lard forwards just beneath the revolving circular cutters
and over the stationary platform or table by which means it is cut into strips and
then secondly to carry the strips forward beneath the revolving knife s by which they
are cut transversely into smaller pieces which drop through the opening u into the
cylinder f.
2
This endless belt t has an intermittent travelling motion imparted to it by passing
round the drums and the latter of which is mounted to revolve loosely upon the
intermediate shaft o but is provided at one extremity with a ratchet wheel y into
which gears a pawl y' carried at the extremity of an eccentric rod y² operated by an
eccentric y³ upon the main driving shaft.
In this manner an intermittent motion is imparted to the endless belt and thus the
leaf-lard which is held upon the surface of the belt say by the hand of the operator
(or otherwise held thereupon) and so as to overhang the belt more or less according
to the number of strips required on the side next the cutters q is thus gradually fed
forwards and cut into strips and finally into pieces as aforesaid, these pieces falling
into the aperture in the cylinder ready to be carried forward with the plunger on
its return stroke.
Instead of the revolving knife s it will be obvious that a reciprocating knife might
be substituted for cutting the strips transversely across.
We find it advantageous and especially in cold weather to heat the blade of the
revolving knife by the application of a gas jet.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of this our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
1st. The combination and arrangement of mechanism for the manufacture of black
puddings substantially as hereinbefore described.
2nd. In a machine for the manufacture of black puddings the employment of a
trough or hopper fitted with a revolving mixing blade in combination with a cylinder
and plunger all mounted and operated by a single driving shaft substantially as and
for the purpose hereinbefore described and illustrated on the accompanying
drawing.
3rd. In a machine for the manufacture of black puddings the employment of an
endless travelling apron working in conjunction with revolving disc cutters and a
revolving knife for supporting and cutting the leaf-lard into strips and pieces and
feeding the same into the filling cylinder substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated on the accompanying drawing.
JOHN G. WILSON,
Patent Office, 55, Market Street, Manchester, Agent for the Applicants.