Improvements in or connected with Dynamo Electric Machines.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Dynamo Electric Machines.
I, VALERE ALFRED FYNN, of 13, Bexley Road, Erith, in the County of Kent,
Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:-
My invention has for its object to provide dynamo electric machines with drum
armatures so wound as to admit of high tension currents being generated in the
said armatures without their being liable to frequent break downs, whilst if a
break down should occur the injured parts or sections of the windings can be
removed and replaced or substituted by others with great facility and speed.
The windings according to my invention are especially adapted for what is known
as series drum winding. The said windings are made up of separable spools having
as many convolutions as may be desired. These spools are all alike and are pre-
ferably received in slots in the armature core which may be formed of laminated
iron discs or otherwise. The slots will be odd in number and in accordance with
the number of poles and phases in the machine.
"
"
The said spools are each wound so that the sides are situated at the requisite
distance apart to be received in their appropriate slots in the armature core. These
appropriate slots will for each spool be one step" apart from each other. The
step" depends upon the number of slots in the armature and the number of
poles of the dynamo. The relations giving the step are the same as are used for
ordinary series drum-wound armatures; for instance, in a four pole machine with.
seventeen slots, the step is (17-1)- +1=5 or stated generally (^±1) +1 = S
where represents the number of slots- the number of poles and 's the number
of slots forming the "step." Thus in the case where one side of the spool lies in
slot No the other side of this spool lies in slot No. 5.
The spools are wound so that the side portions are connected by portions which
are so bent that a circular plane touching the bottom of one side of the spool will
touch the top of the other side when that spool is in position so that the wires of
one side of the spool will lie in the lower part of its slot in the core and the wires,
of the other side of the same spool will lie in the upper part of its slot in the core.
The portions of the wires which connect the sides of each spool are so arranged that
the bottom turn or wire of the one side of the spool corresponds to the bottom turn
or wire of the other side of the spool and the top to top and so on with intermediate
turns of the spool.
The portions of the winding which connect the sides at each end of each spool
and also the ends of the windings of each spool which are at one end lie outside
the ends of the core and in each case will be in an annular space representing a
continuation of the part of the core body containing the slots or grooves and thus
are readily accessible and can be inspected with facility and also are well ventilated.
The spools can be readily wound on a separate "former" and are carefully taped
over and insulated and tested before they are placed in their slots in the core.
The two ends of each spool emerge at the upper and lower parts of their slots
n the core respectively, and may be connected in the usual manner.
In the four pole machine beforementioned the end of the first spool which comes

page_text: out of the upper part of the first slot will be connected to an end of the spool whose
sides lie in the fourteenth and tenth slots and whose said end emerges from the
lower portion of the said fourteenth slot the connected ends of all the spools being
taken to the commutator as usual.
Апрот
I, VALERE ALFRED FYNN, of 13, Bexley. Road, Erith, in the County of Kent, 1
Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
My invention has for its object to provide dynamo electric machines with drum
armatures so wound as to admit of high tension currents being generated in the
said armatures without their being liable to frequent break-downs whilst if a
break-down should occur the injured parts or sections of the windings can be
removed and replaced or substituted by others with great facility and speed.
The windings according to my invention are especially adapted for what is known
as series drum winding because such winding is mostly used when high potential
is required but my invention is not limited in its use to such winding. The said
windings are made up of separable spools having as many convolutions as may be
desired. These spools are all alike and are preferably received in slots in the
armature core which may be formed of laminated iron discs or otherwise. The slots
will be mostly odd in number and in accordance with the number of poles and
phases in the machine.
These
The said spools are each wound so that the sides are situated at the requisite
distance apart to be received in their appropriate slots in the armature core.
appropriate slots will for each spool be one "step" apart from each other. The
step" depends upon the number of slots in the armature and the number of poles
of the dynamo. The relations giving the "step" are the same as are used for
ordinary series drum-wound armatures; for instance, in a four pole machine with
seventeen slots, the "step" is (17±1) +1=5 or stated generally (n + 1) +1=S
P
where n represents the number of slots--p the number of poles and s the number
of slots forming the "step." Thus in the case where one side of the spool lies in
slot No. 1 the other side of this spool lies in slot No. 5.
The spools are wound in such manner that the side portions are connected by
portions which are so bent that a circle about the centre of the armature will touch
the bottom of one side of the spool and the top of the other side when that spool is
in position so that the wires of one side of the spool will lie in the lower part of
their slot in the core and the wires of the other side of the same spool will lie in the
upper part of their slot in the core. The portions of the wires which connect
the sides of each spool are so arranged that the bottom turn or wire of the one side
of the spool corresponds to the bottom turn or wire of the other side of the spool
and the top to top and so on with intermediate turns of the spool.
The portions of the winding which connect the sides at each end of each spool
and also the free ends of the windings of each spool which interconnect the spools
lie outside the ends of the core and in each case will be in an annular space repre-
senting a continuation of the part of the core body containing the slots or grooves
and thus are readily accessible and can be inspected with facility and also are well
ventilated.

page_text: The spools can be readily wound on a separate "former" and are carefully taped
over and insulated and tested before they are placed in their slots in the core.
The two ends of each spool emerge at the upper & lower parts of their slots in the
core respectively, and may be connected in the usual manner to suit the winding
selected whether this be of the series or parallel type or a combination thereof.
In the four pole machine before mentioned the end of the first spool which comes
out of the upper part of the first slot will be connected to an end of the spool whose
sides lie in the fourteenth and tenth slots and whose said end emerges from the lower
portion of the said fourteenth slot the connected ends of all the spools being taken
to the commutator as usual if the machine be intended for direct currents.
I will now describe my invention more particularly with reference to the accom-
panying drawing wherein I have illustrated as an example a slotted drum armature
for generating direct currents the said armature having seventeen slots and being
intended for a four pole field. I have assumed that each slot contains six wires and
the seventeen spools therefore will each have three turns.
In Figure 1 the general diagram of connections is shewn. For the sake of clear-
ness the full turns (3) have been shewn for one spool only, namely that lying in
slots 14 and 10.
Figure 2 shews in developed elevation the commutator end of the same spool in
its correct position the taping being omitted in order to shew the position of the
wires more distinctly. At 15 is shewn a section through one slot and the wires in
position without tape. Figure 3 shews a plan of the same spool and portions of
neighbouring spools to shew their relative situations.
The angle a at which the wires are bent, after leaving the slots is of importance,
and depends on the distance from slot to slot and the thickness of the wire or wires
if two or more be placed in the slot side by side. The angle must be large enough
to allow sufficient room to make the bends at c and d in such manner that the
neighbouring spools will not foul but clear easily.
In putting the coils of this armature in place the following is the best mode of
proceeding.
Should the spool shewn in Figure 2 be placed first, only one side of it, (the side
which ultimately is to occupy the lower position in the slot) should be inserted into
slot 14 the other (the one eventually to occupy the top of slot 10) is to be left free.
The next spool placed in a similar position should be the spool 15 and 11 then 10
and 12, 17 and 13 the next spool could then be placed at once in its ultimate position
and all the following ones also, lastly the upper sides of the first spools could be
placed in position.
The wires marked a and b are the ends of the different spools; they interconnect
the spools and at their joints are soldered to the commutator uprights.
The arrangement allows of liberal and easy insulation and secures for the arma-
tures good ventilation, ease of repair, and security. All parts of each spool are
contained between two concentric cylinders the one passing through the top of the
slots in which the spool is contained the other through the bottom, the bottom
wires at one side of the spool being also the bottom wires at the other side, or any
other part of the spool.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
In or for dynamo electric machines armatures fitted with spools wound as herein-
before described and illustrated.
1000