Improvements in Muffle Kilns for Bending and Firing Stained Glass, Tiles, Pottery Ware, and for other Suitable Purposes.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 10th May, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 8th Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 9th Mar., 1889
Improvements in Muffle Kilns for Bending and Firing Stained Glass,
Tiles, Pottery Ware, and for other Suitable Purposes.
1 GEORGE LAZENBY of Leeds Bridge, Leeds, in the county of York, Plumber, do
hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to construct a muffle kiln in such a manner that it is
equally heated on its sides and at its top and bottom in fact all around, also its interior
is free from the products of combustion, which cannot possibly come in contact with
the articles being fired or bent.
The muffle consists of a wrought iron or other suitable metallic case in which are a
series of shelves, upon which are placed the articles to be fired, the case is provided
with an outer shell composed of fire bricks, a space being left all around between the
brickwork and the iron case.
The muffle is heated by gas or gas and air introduced at the bottom of the iron case
by atmospheric or other burners or in combination with a blast.
The door is at one end and is preferably in two parts hinged and opening outwards,
and they are also lined or backed with fire brick and are closed by a suitable bar
or bars.
Inlets for supplying the necessary air for igniting the gas and for cooling purposes
are formed preferably along the sides of the brickwork, ordinary outlets or flues are
placed in or near the top.
The peep holes for watching the process of bending or firing has hitherto been in the
door, but I now preferably place it at one side of the kiln.
The articles to be operated upon are placed within the wrought iron chamber upon
the shelves, the door is closed and the gas is lighted, it drawing in the required air for

page_text: its combustion, the heat generated passes all around the iron case and quickly heats it,
whilst the products of combustion after the heat is thoroughly utilized passes off by
suitable flues and cannot possibly come in contact with the articles being operated
upon, consequently the bad effects of such contact are prevented, muffles so constructed
hold a large quantity of materials and the heat being equally distributed on all sides
they are more quickly and intensely heated than as before constructed.
Datal thi al
1000
JOHN E. WALSH,
Royal Exchange Chambers,
Boar Lane, Leeds,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Peep holes N are provided at one side of the kiln for watching the flame as it
passes through the combustion chamber, in order to ascertain the extent or volume of
such flame.
The articles to be operated upon are placed within the wrought iron chamber E upon
the shelves F, and the gas is lighted, it drawing in the required air for its combustion,
whereby the heat generated passes all around the iron case or muffle E and quickly
heats it, whilst the products of combustion after the heat is thoroughly utilized, pass
off by suitable flues or flue M and cannot possibly come in contact with the articles
being operated upon, consequently the bad effects arising from such contact are
prevented.
The interior facing of the brickwork lining or outer shell E is arranged or
constructed with corrugations, notches or projections E³, whereby increased combustion
is imparted to the burners H, and the heat derived therefrom is more forcibly dis-
tributed or impinged upon the muffle or iron case E.
P, P, P are taps for turning on and off the gas by means of ordinary keys fitting
upon the heads of such taps.
Muffles so constructed hold a large quantity of materials and the heat being equally
distributed on all sides such muffles are quickly and intensely heated, there is also no
danger of the kiln firing itself, as aftor the gas has been turned off the heat at
once is diminished and there is no danger of over-firing as is the case with ordinary
kilns fired with coal or coke.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The employment of the muffle or iron case E in combination with the means for
heating such substantially as and for the purposes shown and described.
2. The employment of the midfeathers or hollow partitions G within the muffle or
iron case E substantially as and for the purposes shown and described.
3. The construction of the interior facing of the brickwork lining, or outer shell E¹,
substantially as shown and described.
4. The combination of the muffle or iron case E, midfeathers or hollow partitions G,
space E², inlets L and the means for generating and imparting the necessary heat
substantially as shown and described.
5. The general construction and arrangement of muffle kiln, substantially as and for
the purposes shown and described.
Dated this 7th day of February 1889.
JOHN E. WALSH,
Royal Exchange Chambers,
Boar Lane, Leeds,
Agent for the Applicant.