IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT OF MACHINERY OR APPARATUS POR WARPING AND BEAMING YARNS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Josiah Aked, of Halifax, in the County of York,
Manufacturer, and John Crabtree, of the same Place, Overlooker, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT OF MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS POR WARPING AND BEAMING YARNS FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 10th September 1858, and dated the 15th March 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Josiah Aked at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th March
1858.
We, JOSIAH AKED, of Halifax, in the County of York, Manufacturer, and
JOHN CRABTREE, of the same Place, Overlooker, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT OF MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR WARPING AND BEAMING YARNS FOR WEAVING,"
follows:-
Our Invention relates to improved means of forming certain yarns known as
'grandrell" into warps, and winding the same on the warp beam ready for
the loom, and consists in arranging and combining apparatus in such a manner
that a sufficient number of yarns to form a full warp can be conducted from
the warping bobbins direct to the warp beam at one operation.

page_text: Heretofore the yarns have been first taken from the bobbins and wound on
a warping mill, where they were formed into a warp, from which they were then
taken and formed into "balls," and afterwards wound on the warp beam, or
they were wound on several beams, which together contained sufficient to form
a full warp, and the whole wound together on one warp beam.
But we find that by the use of a creel capable of holding as many bobbins
as we wish to have threads of yarn in the warp to be produced, and by the
use of framework having guide eyes for the threads of yarn to pass through,
and placed in suitable positions in relation to the creel, that we can conduct
the said yarns direct from the bobbins to the warp beam.
The beam is placed in a suitable frame or machine, and driven or caused to
rotate by the friction or pressure of two rotary rollers which act upon opposite
sides of the beams for winding on the yarns. The said driving rollers are
capable of expanding as the yarn is wound on the warping beam, but main-
taining a parallelism to each other, so that the same uniform diameter of the
beam is maintained throughout its length or width of the warp at each and
every coil of the yarn, whereby the same uniform length of yarn is taken up
at every convolution. We also apply an "indicator" or an apparatus to the
machine which receives motion from the driving rollers for measuring the
length of the yarns as they are wound on the beam, and which actuates the
strap guide, so as to stop the machine, when a sufficient quantity of yarn for a
piece or "cut" is wound on the beam, and at the same time causes a bell to
ring to call the attention of the attendant for marking the "cuts."
By these improvements we effect a saving in the cost of warping and
beaming such yarns, and are enabled to produce a much greater length of
warp on one warp beam, with more uniformity in the relative lengths of the
threads composing the said warp, which not only improves the fabrics manu-
factured therefrom, but effects a saving in the yarns, reduces the quantity of
waste produced by frequent "twisting" in, and also renders the warps as good
for the weaver as if dressed by hand.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Josiah Aked in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 14th
September 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, Josian
AKED, of Halifax, in the County of York, Manufacturer, and JoHN CRABTREE,
of the same Place, Overlooker, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Josiah Aked and John Crabtree, Her special licence that we, the
said Josiah Aked and John Crabtree, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said Josiah Aked and John Crabtree, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and.
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT OF
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WARPING AND BEANING YARNS FOR WEAVING,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Josiah Aked and John
Crabtree, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the
hand and seal of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Josiah Aked and John Crabtree, do hereby
declare the nature of our said Invention, and the manner in which the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say):
66
Our Invention relates to improved means of forming certain yarns known as
grandrell " into warps, and winding the same on the warp beam, ready for
the loom, and consists in arranging and combining apparatus in such manner
that a sufficient number of yarns to form a full warp can be conducted from
the warping bobbins direct to the warp beam at one operation. Heretofore,
the yarns have been first taken from the bobbins and wound on a warping
mill where they were formed into a warp, from which they were taken and
formed into balls and afterwards wound on the warp beam, or they were wound
on several beams, which together contained sufficient to form a full warp, and
the whole wound together on one warp beam. But we find by the use of a
creel capable of holding as many bobbins as we wish to have threads of yarn
in the warp to be produced, and by the use of framework, having guide eyes
for the threads of yarn to pass through, and placed in suitable positions in
relation to the creel, that we can conduct the said yarns direct from the bobbins
to the warp beam. The beam is placed in a suitable frame or machine, and

page_text: driven or caused to rotate by the friction or pressure of two rotary rollers, which
act upon opposite sides of the beam for winding on the yarns. The said driving
rollers are capable of expanding as the yarn is wound on the warping beam,
but maintaining a parallelism to each other, so that the same uniform diameter
of the beam is maintained throughout its length or width of the warp at each
and every coil of the yarn, whereby the same uniform length of yarn is taken
up at every convolution. We also apply an indicator or an apparatus to
the machine, which receives motion from the driving rollers, for measuring
the length of the yarns as they are wound on the beam, and which actuates the
strap guide, so as to stop the machine when a sufficient quantity of yarn for a
piece or "cut" is wound on the beam, and at the same time causes a bell to
ring to call the attention of the attendant for marking the cuts. By these im-
provements we effect a saving in the cost of warping and beaming such yarns,
and are enabled to produce a much greater length of warp on one warp beam
with more uniformity in the relative lengths of the threads composing the said
which not only improves the fabrics manufactured therefrom, but effects
a saving in the yarns, reduces the quantity of waste produced by frequent
twisting in, and also renders the warps as good for the weaver as if dressed by
hand.
warp,
And in order that our Invention may be readily understood, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed more clearly explained, we have given
reference to an accompanying Sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof, in which
similar letters refer to the same parts of the apparatus as shewn in the different
views or Figures. Fig. 1 is an elevation of the apparatus we employ,
arranged and combined according to this Invention; and Fig. 2 is a plan
of the same. The part lettered A is the machine for winding on or beaming
the yarns, which is mainly composed of two iron rollers a, a, with suitable
framing and driving gear. The upper roller is held in arms b, which allow it
to oscillate or rise and fall, and is capable of being raised (parallel) from the
other by means of the segment arm and pinion c, to allow the warp beam & to
be placed in betwixt the two rollers, which are geared together with the cog-
wheels e, e, e, by which motion is given to the warp beam, the upper roller
pressing or resting upon the beam. B is a frame holding a rail and healds
for warping or separating the ends or threads of yarn from each other. C is
a portion of the "creel" or frame for carrying the yarn bobbins (which may be
made of any suitable dimensions according to the number of ends required).
These several parts or apparatus are not new in construction, therefore we
make no claim to them separately as of our Invention; but in order to the
carrying out of our said Invention, we have arranged and combined them

page_text: as herein set forth; adding our other parts of improvements thereto. Figs. 3
and 4 are elevation and section of the frame with guide eyes, for the ends or
threads of yarn to pass through. It is composed of two uprights f, with a
number of cross bars g, having guide-eyes or holes therein. The bars fit into
and are capable of sliding in the grooves of the uprights so as to be adjustable
to any suitable position, where they are then set fast by screws or other
means. A number of these pieces of framing are attached to the creel at
suitable places and distances apart, as shewn at Figs. 1 and 2, so that the
ends or threads of yarn in passing from the bobbins are guided or conducted
and kept separate from each other by the said guide-eyes from which they are
caused to converge, and are collected by and pass through a series of holes in
the rail 1 to the healds 2 on the frame B, and thence through a reed 3 to
the warp beam d, on which they are wound by the friction or pressure of
the driving rollers a, a. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are plan, elevation, and section
(half full size) of an apparatus for measuring or indicating the lengths of the
"cuts" or pieces as the yarns are wound on the beam, which also operates the
strap guide and stops the machine when a sufficient quantity is wound thereon,
and at the same time rings a bell to call the attention of the attendant
thereto. The apparatus is attached to the frame of the machine lettered A,
as seen in Figs. 1 and 2, and receives motion by an inclined shaft h from the
bottom driving roller. On the upper end of which shaft is a worm i, which
turns a wheel j, on which is affixed another worm k, which turns a wheel
divided and numbered, so that by means of the pointer m, the length of yarn
or number of yards which has been wound on the yarn beam can be readily
ascertained. On the boss of the worm k is a tappet or projection n, which, as
it moves round with the worm at every revolution, comes in contact with and
lifts a short lever o, on the boss of which is affixed a spring p, carrying a bell
9, which is thereby put in agitation. The bell spring p also, by its resting in a
notch s on the strap guide rod r, keeps the strap on the fast driving pulley;
but when the lever o is lifted by the tappet n, the spring is forced out of the
notch on the strap guide rod, which by means of a spring or weight
operating thereon, is drawn back traversing or shifting the driving strap on
to the loose pulley, consequently stopping the machine.
It will be readily
perceived, that by means of these our improvements, such yarns can be
warped and beamed with more regularity and with much greater facility than
heretofore.
Having thus fully described the nature of our said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, we would have it distinctly
understood that we do not claim the whole of the parts or apparatus

page_text: separately, nor do we confine ourselves to the precise details of arrangement
and combination as herein set forth, but we claim,-
Firstly, the general arrangement and combination of apparatus substantially
as explained, and illustrated for the purpose set forth.
Secondly, the use and application of the framing, with guide eyes herein
described and illustrated.
And, thirdly, the indicator or apparatus for measuring the yarns and stop-
ping the machine at the desired time, as herein described and illustrated in
the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said Josiah Aked and John Crabtree, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirteenth day of September,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Witness,
W TASKER, Patent Agent,
Halifax.
(L.8.)
JOSIAH AKED.
JOHN CRABTREE. (L.S.)