AN IMPROVED MECHANICAL MOVEMENT FOR IMPARTING ROTARY MOTION TO TOOLS, APPARATUS OR MACHINERY WORKED BY HAND FOOT OR POWER
Year: 1885

page_text: I, THOMAS HAXTON of Freuchie in the County of Fife Scotland, Mechanical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for "AN IMPROVED
MECHANICAL MOVEMENT FOR IMPARTING ROTARY MOTION TO TOOLS, APPARATUS
OR MACHINERY WORKED BY HAND FOOT OR POWER ,,
to be as follows:-
My invention relates to an improved mechanical movement for imparting or
transmitting rotary motion to tools apparatus or machinery worked by hand foot
or power. Amongst the various applications which may be instanced are hand
tools such as boring bits, drills, and screw-taps; machines such as egg-beaters,
winches and other similar appliances; sewing-machines, bicycles, tricycles and
other machines worked by hand or foot power; the driving shaft of steam, gas,
and other motive power engines; and the transmission of power by shafting.
This mechanical movement consists essentially in the combination of the "sun
and planet" motion with a crank, the planet wheel being combined with a handle
or other means of working it and the sun wheel being applied to the spindle or
shaft to be driven, or vice-versa according to the purpose for which the movement
is applied.
For multiplying the speed as in the case of a boring-bit, an egg-beater or other
quick running machine the sun and planet motion would be geared-up either by
using a large wheel as the planet and a pinion as the sun the two gearing directly
together, or they may be geared together through an intermediate shaft and train
of bevel or other gear and change gear may be provided for varying the trans-
mission of motion if required.
For diminishing the speed and increasing the power as for a screw-tap, or a
winch the sun and planet motion would be geared down, by chain gear, internal
toothed gear, or differential gear acting through an intermediate pinion or pinions
the whole of the gear being carried on the crank.
The spindle or shaft to be driven is journalled in, or on, or in or out of line with,
the crank and carries the sun wheel whilst the planet wheel is attached to the end
of a sleeve loose upon the crank-pin, this sleeve whilst carried round with the crank
being prevented from turning on its own axis, its motion being similar to that of
the strap of an eccentric.

page_text: In the case of a drill or other similar hand tool the crank is in the form of a
carpenters brace and the sleeve is the handle by which the crank is turned the
grasp of the hand preventing the rotation of the sleeve on its own axis.
In this case the sleeve may have a clutch to enable it to be disconnected and
the sun and planet motion locked or thrown out of gear when an ordinary motion
is required or the sleeve and the spindle to be driven may have change wheels for
varying the speed.
In the case of a bicycle or similar machine the crank is in the ordinary form,
the crank arm being loose on the wheel axle, whilst the sleeve is the pedal and
would have such a form and be so arranged relatively to the crank as to enable the
foot to prevent its rotation on the crank as an axis; or a connecting rod jointed to
a radius link or otherwise connected to a suitable part of the frame may take hold
of the sleeve or pedal and prevent its rotation on the crank so that the whole of
the power may be applied to drive round the crank. With either arrangement the
rider is enabled to apply power to the crank through a greater portion of its
revolution than is possible with any ordinary pedal and crank.
In the case of a steam or other engine the sleove would be the crank or socket
on the end of the connecting rod or would be fixed thereto so as to be prevented
from turning. In applying the movement for the transmission of power between
shafting a connecting rod would be used to prevent the rotation of the sleeve.

page_text: отой бy папа,
Foot, or Power.
I THOMAS HAXTON of Freuchie in the County of Fife, Scotland, Mechanical
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :—
My Invention relates to an improved mechanical movement for imparting or
transmitting rotary motion to tools, apparatus or machinery worked by hand,
foot or power. Amongst the various applications which may be instanced are
hand tools such as boring bits, drills and screw-taps; machines such as egg-beaters,
winches and other similar appliances; sewing machines, bicycles, tricycles and
other machines worked by hand or foot power; the driving shaft of steam, gas,
and other motive power engines; and the transmission of power by shafting.
This mechanical movement consists essentially in the combination of the "sun
and planet" motion with a crank, the planet wheel being combined with a handle
or other means of working it and the sun wheel being applied to the spindle or
shaft to be driven, or vice-versa, according to the purpose for which the movement
is applied.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this
specification, wherein :-
Figures 1. 2 and 3 represent examples of my invention as applied to a boring
brace.
Figure 4 shows it in elevation and plan as applied to a crank for machinery.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.
A is the sun wheel, B the planet wheel and C the crank.
For multiplying the speed as in the case of a boring-bit, an egg-beater or other
quick running machine, the sun and planet motion would be geared up either by
using a large wheel as the planet and a pinion as the sun (the two gearing directly
together as shown in figure 1,) or they may be geared together through an inter-
mediate shaft D and train of bevel or other gear d d as shown in figures 2 and 3,
and change gear may be provided for varying the transmission of motion if
required.
For diminishing the speed and increasing the power as for a screw-tap, or a
winch, the sun and planet motion would be geared down by chain gear, internal
toothed gear, or by differential gear. acting through an intermediate pinion or
pinions, the whole of the gear being carried on the crank as shown in figure 4.
The drill or other spindle a (or the shaft to be driven) is journalled in, or on, or
in or out of line with the crank and carries the sun wheel A whilst the planet
wheel B is attached to the end of a sleeve b loose upon the crank-pin, this sleeve
whilst carried round with the crank being prevented from turning on its own axis,
its motion being similar to that of the strap of an eccentric.
In the case of a drill or other similar hand tool the crank C is in the form of
a carpenters' brace and the sleeve b is the handle by which the crank is turned,
the grasp of the hand preventing the rotation of the sleeve on its own axis,

page_text: •
In this case the sleeve may have a clutch to enable it to be disconnected and
the sun and planet motion locked or thrown out of gear when an ordinary motion
is required, or the sleeve and the spindle to be driven may have change wheels for
varying the speed.
In the case of a bicycle or similar machine the crank is in the ordinary form,
the crank arm being loose on the wheel axle, whilst the sleeve b is the pedal, and
would have such a form and be so arranged relatively to the crank as to enable the
foot to prevent its rotation on the crank as an axis; or a connecting rod jointed to
a radius link or otherwise connected to a suitable part of the frame may take hold
of the sleeve or pedal and prevent its rotation on the crank, as shown in figure 4,
so that the whole of the power may be applied to drive round the crank. With
either arrangement the rider is enabled to apply power to the crank through a
greater portion of its revolution than is possible with any ordinary pedal and
crank.
Figure 4 illustrates the invention as applied to machinery for diminishing speed
and increasing power. The sun wheel A is keyed to the shaft to be driven and
gears with the planet wheel B through an intermediate wheel E carried by the
crank C which is loose on the shaft. The wheels A and B differ in the number of
their teeth, wheel A in the example shown having 22 teeth and wheel B 20 teeth,
the result of this arrangement being that wheel A moves to the extent of two
teeth for every revolution of the crank and in the same direction as the crank, the
whole constituting a differential gear. The intermediate wheel may be of any size
and in lieu thereof the sun and planet wheels may be geared.together by a pitch
chain. In this example the crank pin is supposed to be the handle of a winch or
other hand power apparatus and the planet wheel is prevented from turning by
being fixed or formed on the head of a connecting rod F which is controlled at its
other end by a radius link G pivoted to a fixed point. A similar arrangement is
used in applying the movement for the transmission of power between shafting.
In the case of a steam or other engine the radius link G would be dispensed
with, the crosshead guides of the piston rod answering the same purpose..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1st The improved mechanical movement herein specified consisting in the com-
bination with a crank of a sun and planet motion, substantially in the manner
herein described and its employment for the various purposes herein specified.
2. The combination with a brace or other cranked form of hand or foot power
tool or machine, of a sun and planet motion, the sun wheel being carried on the
drill or other spindle to be driven which turns independently of the brace or crank,
and the planet wheel being carried round with the brace or other form of crank
and provided with a sleeve or bandle whereby it is prevented from turning,
substantially as specified.
3. The respective combinations and arrangements of sun and planet motion
with and upon a brace or other cranked form of hand tool, substantially as
herein specified.
4. The combination of differential sun and planet gear and crank, substantially
as and for the purposes specified.