Improvements in Gas Lamps.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Oct., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 23rd July, 1896-Accepted, 5th Sept, 1896
Improvements in Gas Lamps.
I, THOMAS COOPER JOHN THOMAS, of 93 Manor Park Road, Harlesden, in
the County of Middlesex, Engmeer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows
s
This invention has reference to improved constructions and arrangements of
regenerative gas lamps suitable for railway cari lages and other purposes
In one constinction there is provided in connection with an au regenerator having
a central vertical an chamber provided with a perforated horizontal division and a
contracted los et end preferably of inverted truncated conical form a central gas
supply pipe or box provided with two or more fish tail, bat's wing or other lat
flame burners, and above these burners an annular air deflector that is free to slide
upward on the gas pipe or box and has a conical flat or curved upper surface that
forms with the lower contracted end of the air chamber either an annular opening
or a series of circulai slot-shaped openings through which hot air passes and impinges
Below and
upon the uppe sun faces of the flames extending from the buiners.
concentric with the au chamber is a reflector forined with openings through which
the hot gases and products of combustion pass through the air regenerator and
thence to the chimney. The central portion of the reflector is of inverted conical
or trumpet mouth shape and corresponds more or less to the loner contracted end
of the air tube which it enclosed; so na to thereby provide a larger extent of useful
reflecting suface than has heretofore been usual in lamps of the kind referred to.
The openings in the reflector are preferably in the form of cucular slots equal in
number to and opposite the burneis. The cential portion of the reflector may be
formed by enamelling the outer surface of the lower contructed end of the hot air
chamber, but it is preferred to use a separate reflector.
In another constinction, a single cential buner is provided consisting of a gas
box formed with an annulai 10w of circumferential gas exit openings terminating
above a flange or projection and provided with a removable bottom. This burner
18 secured to the lower end of the central gas supply pipe' extending downward
through the hot air chamber and is formed with an external groove the lower side
of which serves to deflect the issuing an. In this case the central hot air chamber
of the regenerator may be provided with an annular vertical baffle arranged opposite
the horizontal air inlet pipes, and below it and a short distance therefi om is arranged
a division of bell mouth form urianged to form with the wall of the air chamber à
dust receptacle, the arrangement being such as to remove foreign matter from the
entering an and cause the air to flow gently to the burner. In a modified arrange-
ment the gas exit openings are formed in the removable bottom of the gas box which
is provided with a lower annular deflector. In both of these cases a reflector similar
to that herembefore described is provided.
In another construction the gas box is made of truncated conical form and
arranged within the lower end of the hot air chamber which is provided with a
houzontal perforated division as before but is not contracted at its lower end. To
the lower portion of the gas box-which may be made of inverted truncated comical
form, is secured two or more flat flame burners which may be downwardly inclined.
In this case the reflector is provided with exit openings for the hot gas and products
of combustion as in the arrangements her embefore described, but its inner or centi.il
portion, which encncles the lower end of the hot an chamber, is not necessarily of

page_text: conical or equivalent form but may be of flat or cylindrical or nearly cylindrical
form. In a modification of this arrangement the flat flame burners are secured
to a comical stop piece sciewed to the lower end of the central gas supply pipe
carried by the horizontal perforated division in the hot air chamber which may
be provided with an additional baffle consisting of a cone formed of perforated sheet
metal.
Regenerative lamps constructed as described may advantageously be provided
with a lamp head comprising an outer casing the lower part of which is formed
with an inlet openings and the upper part of which is curved inward and upward
and has an overlapping downwardly and outwardly annular portion, an annulai
guard aanged around the lower openings an outer dome-shaped cap having a
downwardly curved im portion arranged above and that a short distance from
the couespondingly curved upper end of the casing, an inner cap placed above
the lamp chimney and having an upwardly turned rim aanged to form an
annula opening with the upper end of the casing, and an inner baffle secmed at its
lower end to the inner side of the casing and compusing a lower cylindrical or
nearly cylindrical portion arranged opposite the air inlet openings in the casing, a
shallow truncated comical portion formed with perforations to allow an to flow to
the regenerator and lamp bowl, and an inwardly and upwardly curved portion teimi-
nating in an overhanging downwardly and outwardly inclined curved part that forms
with the outer casing an annular passage for the escape of air to the upper part of
the lamp head.
Reflectors of the kind berembefore described can be used in connection with
gas lamps of various constructions other than those heretubefore referred to.
Dated this 231d day of October 1895.
I, THOMAS COOPER JOHN THOMAS, of 93 Manor Park Road, Harlesden, in
the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement
This invention has reference to improved constructions and arrangements of
regenerative gas lamps suitable for railway carriages and other purposes, as I shall
now explain by the aid of the accompanying drawings wherem Fig. 1 shows paitly
in vertical section and partly in side elevation, one construction of lamp according
to this invention. Fig. 2 is an underside view of the reflector shown in such
lamp.
I is an air regenerator having a cential vertical an chamber 1ª provided with a
perforated horizontal division 2 and a contracted lower end 3 preferably of
inverted tiuucated conical form as shown. In connection with such a regenerator,
which is of known construction there is provided a central gas supply pipe or box 4
provided with two or more (two are shown) fish tail, bat's wing or other flat flame
burners 5, and above these buivers is arranged an aupular an deflector 6 which is
fice to slide upward on the gas pipe or box 4 so as to enable the burners to be
readily fixed in place and removed. The deflector 6 has a conical upper surface
that forms with the loner contracted end 3 of the an chamber an annular opening 7
through which hot an passes from the chamber 1 and impinges upon the upper
surfaces of the flames extending from the burners which are consequently so

page_text: arranged that the flames extend outward therefrom in an approximately horizontal
direction with then flat sides towards the top of the lamp. Below and concentric
with the air chamber 1 is a reflector 8 formed with openings 8ª through
which the hot gases and products of combustion escape into the passage 16
extending through the an regenerator and thence to the chimney 9. The central
portion 8 of the reflector is of inverted conical or trumpet mouth shape and
corresponds more or less to that of the lower contracted end 3 of the air tube
which it encloses so as to thereby provide a large extent of useful reflecting
sun face than has heretofore been usual in lamps of the kind referred to The
openings 8 in the reflector are preferably in the form of circular lots as shown in
Fig.
equal in rumber to and ranged opposite the buiners 5. By constructing
the reflector with exit openings as described, not only is a larger reflecting surface
obtained, but the area of the exit openings can be readily varied to suit the
requnements of any particular lamp. The cential portion of the reflector may be
formed by enamelling the outer surface of the lower contracted end of the hot au
chamber, but it is preferred to use a separate reflector as shown. The an
deflector 6 instead of having a conical upper surface may have a flat upper surface,
as indicated by the dotted line 6" at the right hand side of the deflector in Fig 1,
o a curved upper surface as indicated by the dotted line 6° at the left hand side of
Enid deflector Also the deflector instead of being aanged to form with the
contracted end 3 of the an chamber 1 an annular at opening 7, may in each case
and as shown m houzontal section in Fig. 1 be formed with radial extensions 6°
that beat against the said contracted end so as to form therewith circular slot
shaped air openings 7ª each located directly above one of the burners so as to
duect a separate stream of all upon the upper surface of the flame extending from
the burner below. In each case the air issuing downward upon the upper surfaces
of the Hames will direct the same towards the exit openings 8 in the reflector and
prevent them frem blackening the reflector, even when the lamp is burning with
the small quantity of gas usually supplied through the by-pass, the result being
that the lamp, when in use, will have a greater illuminating power for a given
consumption of gas, than has heretofore been usual with lamps having the
bune or burners at or near the centie theicol.
The reflector 8 may be carried by a metal spinning 10 or casting having at its
outer periphery a flange 10 by which it can be supported on the ung 11 ordinarily
employed for securing the glass globe 12 within the lamp body 13, and at s
cential portion a dome shaped part 10 with upward flange 10 for supporting the
all legeneratoı 'l 14 is an ordinary metal spinning sounding the au regenerator
and formed with air inlet openings 14ª as well understood.
Fig. 3 is a vertical section showing another construction of gas lamp according
to this invention. In this construction the cential an chamber 1 is provided at
its lower contracted end with a single cential burner consisting of a gas box 5ª
formed with an annular row of cucumferential gas exit openings 5 terminating
above an annular flange or projection 5° and provided with a removable bottom. 5ª.
This buine is seemed as by screwing to the lower end of the central gas supply
pipe 4 extending downward through the hot at chamber 1" and is formed with an
external groove 5° the lower downwardly inclined side of which serves to deflect
the issuing air upon the flame extending from the biner. The central hot air
chamber of the regenerator may be provided with an annular vertical baffle 15
airanged opposite the horizontal air inlet pipes 1°, and below it and a short distance
therefrom is aanged a division 16 of bell mouth shape arranged to form with the
wall of the an chamber a dust receptacle 16", the arrangement being such as to
remove foreign matter from the entering air and cause the an to flow gently to the
burner. In a modified arrangement shown in vertical section in Fig. 4, the gas
exit openings 5 are formed in the removable bottom 5d of the gas box 5 which 18
provided with a lower annulai deflector 5°. In both of these cases a reflector 8
similar to that herein before described is provided, such reflector being provided
with an annular series of gas exit openings 8°.

page_text: Fig. 5 is a vertical section showing another construction in which the gas box 5*
is made of truncated conical form, and arranged within the vertically movable
lower end 3 of the hot air chamber which is provided with a horizontal
perforated division 2 but is not contracted at its lower end To the lower portion
of the gas box, which may be made of inverted tuncated comical form as shown, 18
secured two or more flat flame burners 5 which may be downwardly inclined as
shown. The reflector 8 is provided with exit openings 8, for the hot gas and
products of combustion, as in the arrangements herembefore described, but its inner
or central portion, which encircles the lower end 3ª of the hot an chamber 1, 15
not necessarily of conical or equivalent form but may be of cylindrical or nearly
cylindrical shape as shown. Fig 6 is a vertical section showing a modification of
the Inst described aangement according to which the flat flame burners are
secured to a comical stop piece 5' screwed to the lower end of the central gas
supply pipe 4 carried by the horizontal perforated division 2 in the hot air
chamber which may be provided with an additional baffle 17 consisting of a cone
formed of perforated sheet metal.
Regenerative gas lamps constructed as described, may advantageously be
provided with a lamp head compusing, as snown in Fig 1, an outer casing 18 the
lower part 8ª of which is formed with an inlet openings 18 and the upper part of
which is en ved wardly and upwardly as shown at 18 and has an overlapping
downwardly and outwardly extending aunular poi Lion 18, an annular guard 19
xed around the lower openings 18, an outer dome-shaped cap 20 having a
downwardly curved rim portion 20ª aanged above and at a short distance from
the correspondingly curved upper end 18 of the easing 18, an inner cap 21 fixed
above the lamp chimney 9 and having an upwardly tuned rim 21ª arranged to
tuim an annulai opening 22 with the upper end 18° of the casing 18; and an uber
baffle secured at its lower end to the inner side of the casing 18 and compusing a
lower cylindrical or nearly cylindrical portion 23 arranged opposite the an let
openings 18 in the casing 18, a shallow truncated conical portion 23" formed with
perforations 23b to allow an to flow to the regenerator 1 and through openings 8c
in the reflector 8 to the lamp bowl 12 and an wardly and upwardly curved
portion 23° terminating in an overhanging downwardly and outwardly inclined
curved part 23 that forms with the outer casing 18, an annular passage 24 for the
escape of an to the upper part of the lamp he id.
Reflectors of the kind herein before described can be used in connection with
gas lamps of various constructious other than those herembefore refered to.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed declare that what I
claim is.
In a gas lamp, the combination with an air regenerator having a central
vertical an chambei with contracted lowo end, of flat flame buners called by a
cential gas supply pipe or box, an air deflector arranged above the burners
and having a conical, flat or curved upper surface that forms with the lower
contracted end of the air chamber either an annular opening or a series of encular
slot shaped openings, and a reflector formed with exit openings for hot gases and
having its central portion of inverted comical or trumpet month shape and arranged to
enclose the lower end of the an chamber, the arrangement being such that when the
lamp is burning a stream o streams of hot air will be caused to impinge upon the
upper surfaces of the flames extending from the burners and direct such flaines
outward toward the exit openings in the reflector, substantially as described for the
put pose specified.
2. A gas lamp of the hind referred to in the preceding claim but wherein the Hat
flame buiner and air deflector are, replaced by a single, but nei consisting of a gas
box formed with an annulai row of exit openings and with a downwardly inclined
an deflecting surface, substantially as described.
3. In a regenerative gas lamp,, an air regenerator with burners, gas supply pipe

page_text: or box, air deflector, and reflector constructed arranged and operating substantially
as hereinbefore described with reference respectively to and shown in Figs 1
and 2, or modified according to Fig. 14 of the drawing anuexed
4. In a regenerative gas lamp, an air regenerator with burners, gas supply pipe
or box, air deflector, and reflector constructed arranged and operating substantially
as herein before described with reference respectively to and shown in Eng 3 or
modified according to Fig. 4 of the drawings annexed.
5. In a regenerative gas lamp an air regenerator with buineis, gas supply pipe
or box an deflector, and reflector constructed aanged and operating substantially
as herembefore described with reference respectively to and shown in Fig. 5 of the
drawings annexed.
6. In a regenerative gas lamp an air regenerator with burners, gas supply pipe
or box ai deflector, and reflector constructed arranged and operating substantially
as herein before described with reference respectively to and shewn in Fig. 6 of the
diawing annexed.
7. In a regenerative gas lamp, a reflector formed with openings through which
hot gases cau pass to the regenerator and chimney and having a cential portion of
inveited conical shape, or of cylindrical o neaily cylindrical shape, adapted to
surround the lower portion of the central air chamber of the regenerator substan-
tially as described and shown.
8. A regenerative gas lamp provided with a lamphead constructed as herein-
before described and shown in the diawings annexed.
Dated Gny of ou
T. C. J. THOMAS.
W. Lloyd Wise,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.