Improvements in Carburettors.
Year: 1895

page_text: Improvements in Carburettors.
A communication from GUSTAV CABRIE, of 39, Rue de Châteaudun, Paris, in the
Republic of France, Manufacturer.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The present invention relates to a new carburettor, based on the employment of
hydrocarbons.
The carburettor is represented in the accompanying drawings in
Figure 1 in vertical section, and in
Figure 2 in horizontal section on line A B of Figure 1.
M indicates a metal cylinder or casing, of any desired thickness, closed at the
bottom by a flat plate or disc N, and at the top by a domed or other cover O
secured by tie rods and by screw-bolts P on an angle-iron frame rivetted to the
upper edge of the casing M. In this cylinder or casing M is contained a cylinder
or vessel K, secured to M by angle-iron brackets QQ at the top and QQ at the
bottom each pair preferably rivetted together.
This interior vessel K is closed at the top by a domed cover rivetted to the
cylindrical case, and at the bottom by a flat preferably copper plate or disc S
forming at the same time the cover of a third, cylindrical receptacle K of smaller
depth but corresponding diameter, screwed or rivetted on below K, and forming a
vessel for the circulation of hot air or other liquids.
As will be seen the two vessels M and Ko form two independent and absolutely
air-tight receivers, except as regards the communications hereinafter mentioned.
Ou the top of the cylinder M are mounted a safety-valve or pressure regulator T,
and a pressure gauge or manometer U. Outside the cylinder is conveniently
mounted a water-gauge for the purpose of indicating the quantity of hydrocarbon
contained in the lower part K of the vessel K; W W is a pipe with cock K
communicating with the hydrocarbon reservoir for feeding the hydrocarbon into the
compartment K³; K is a pipe fitted with a gas-cock for the admission of the air or
gas to be carburetted; X X' are two pipes for the outlet and inlet, respectively of
the air or liquid serving to heat the receiver or vessel K³.
At y is shown a pipe which establishes communication between the external
vessel M and internal vessel K, into which latter it descends, terminating in a
rose B at about the level of the surface at which the hydrocarbons usually stand;
K2 indicates a cock and K³ a retaining or non-return valve; K is the pipe for the
exit of the carburetted air or gas.
All the above-mentioned pipes are fitted with mountings or packings to secure
tight joints.
The interior vessel K* may be made of galvanised plates, or of copper or other
metal. Within it are two or more conically or approximately parabolic-shaped
hollow carburetting bodies A and A' one smaller than and located within the
other whereby the carburetting surface may be increased to any desired extent.
The rose B is arranged in such a manner that the gas which passes through into
the central chamber may flow over the surface of the liquid hydrocarbon, and the

page_text: gas in contact therewith takes it up and is thereby enriched, besides being washed
and depositing all its impurities; afterwards it passes through the first carburetting
body A and then through the second A¹, and if desired according to the require-
ments and applications of the resulting product, through a third and fourth
carburetting body similarly in succession, as may be arranged as above stated, so as
to augment the carburetting process to any desired extent.
The carburetting bodies A A' &c. are composed of and provided with a mesh of
untwisted cotton or other vegetable fibre, steeped in and imbibing the carburetting
liquid (hydrocarbon derived from petroleumn or other similar fluid) so that by means
of its capillarity the material is kept constantly impregnated throughout its entire
surface with the carburetting fluid.
Further these carburetting bodies are composed and arranged in such manner
that the gas or air to be carburetted can only escape by traversing the mesh on its
way to the mixing chamber which gives rise to pressure by accumulation.
The carburetting bodies composed of untwisted cotton mesh are fitted over all
with caps C C of zinc or other material which serve as protectors; and their forms
in vertical and horizontal section may be either as shown in the drawings, or
otherwise as may be convenient and desirable.
The working of the apparatus is as follows:-
The air or gas for carburation is admitted at the bottom of the apparatus through
the pipe or valve K, fills the space K between the outer vessel M and the inner
one K; passing through the cock K2 it opens the valve K³, descends by the pipe y
and the rose B, bubbles up through the mass of hydrocarbon K' as above-named, and
traverses the carburetting bodies A A'.
Quitting the first carburetting body A the gas or air mixes with the hydrocarbon
vapour in the intermediate space between A and A' (which may be called a mixing
chamber of the same construction and arrangement as A but of larger dimensions)
traverses it and spreads over the space outside, within K, finding its exit by the
pipe K' -or it
may pass similarly through one or more extra carburetting bodies
for the same purpose, and so on according to the size and arrangement of the
carburettor and the application and needs of any required use.
As the passage and consequent carburation of the gas or air tends to dry the
carburetting bodies of the carburetting fluid an arrangement of saturating pipes
and wicks may be adopted, with the object of keeping the outside of the external
carburetting body A' duly damped with the carburetting fluid, as shown in Figure 1
of the accompanying drawings.
-
Among the numerous applications of the improved carburettor reference may be
made in particular to its use for enriching and carburetting gas to supply Auer's
patent incandescent gas-burners; also for the intense Wenham burners, Argand
burners, and the like, wherein is generated a high luminous intensity, which is
considerably increased by the use of the improved carburettor.
Another not less important application would be that for the carburation of the
gas used as a motive agent in the numerous systems of gas-engines.
It may however be mentioned that the interior chamber K with its carburetting
bodies and hydrocarbon may be used not only as above described i.e. for..the
manufacture of a special gas but equally well for the enrichment of ordinary
coal-gas.
In this case the apparatus is simply limited to the vessel or chamber KⓇ the outer
air chamber being suppressed; and the enrichment of ordinary coal-gas.by this
means offers enormous advantages; not only in. point of illumination, but further
also in the great economy in consumption in consequence thereof.
The auxiliary appliances such as the gauge V for verifying the quantity of the
liquid employed as carburettor, and hot-air or liquid.ohamber K for promoting the
carburation by enhancing evaporation, by means of a thermosiphon or other
similar device already above-mentioned-complete the carburettor as an apparatus
offering eminent facilities, in point of use and maintenance, and protected: against
all ordinary risk and danger.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, and in what manner the
same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is ;―
1. A carburettor comprising an external receptacle such as M an internal
receiver such as K in communication therewith a hydrocarbon. reservoir for the
supply of petroleum or other hydrocarbon by means of a communicating pipe W
between such reservoir and the internal receiver an admission pipe K for air or gas
a second transmission pipe y for air or gas provided with a cock K2 and an inlet-
valve such as K³ said pipe extending downwards through the crown of the internal
receiver to the level of the hydrocarbon therein contained and being there fitted
with a rose such as B a series of conically shaped or other carburetting bodies such
as A A¹ arranged one outside another on the bottom of the internal receiver an
outlet K' for the carburetted air or gas a water-gauge V and a thermo-siphon or
other receptacle such as K³ for hot air or liquid with outlet and inlet pipes such
as X X to promote evaporation and carburation substantially as described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. In combination with a carburettor such as described in Claim 1 the employment
of one or more carburetting bodies of conical or other form composed of untwisted
cotton or other appropriate fibres steeped at the bottom in hydrocarbon and which
are traversed in succession by the air or gas to be carburetted to dry the carburetting
bodies and enrich themselves and subsequently to pass through the mixing chamber
substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
3. In apparatus such as described the employment of an internal vessel such
as K alone or in combination with an exterior vessel such as M to enrich ordinary
coal-gas substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
4. In apparatus such as described the employment of the devices described in
the preceding claims for the carburetting of air or gas serving for the supply of
ordinary intense gas-lamps with burners of the Bunsen or Auer types for
incandescent gas as well as of gas-engines or for any other industrial uses of
any kind.
5. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete
carburettor substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 28th day of January 1895.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.