Apparatus for Drying, Calcining or Roasting Organic and Inorganic Substances.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Apr., 1899 -Accepted, 8th July, 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Apparatus for Drying, Calcining or Roasting Organic and Inorganic
Substances.
I, JOHN MCCULLOCH, No. 7, Windsor Street, Glasgow, Civil Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Fig. I is a longitudinal view partly in section. Fig. II is a cross section of the
tubes and side view of revolving bearings. Fig. III is a cross section shewing
the louvres.
1. The apparatus consists of two cylindrical tubes A & B on the drawings
annexed hereafter called the outside and inside tubes; the inside tube is con-
siderably less in diameter and considerably shorter than the outside tube. In
the drawings annexed it is shewn about three eighths of the diamiter of the out-
side tube and about three feet shorter at its delivery end.
2. The length of the outside tube A is several times its diameter. In the draw-
ings its length is shewn as six times the diameter.
3. The opening at the receiving end of outside tube is of any required size
or shape but preferably annular and of a width of about 18 inches for a tube
of 8 feet diameter. The opening at the discharging end will be of corresponding
dimensions.
4. The inside tube B is open at both ends and is for conveying heated air from
the high or receiving end X of apparatus to within a short distance of its low
or discharging end from whence the heated air returns along the annular space
between the inside and outside tubes A & B. The necessary current of air is
obtained by means of a chimney or fan.
5. The air is heated by any suitable apparatus convenient for its connection
with the inlet end X of inside tube B. In the application by municipal bodies
or others of this apparatus to drying sewage sludge or other material to be used
for manurial or other purposes a Horstalls or other suitable towns refuse destructor
may be advantageously conjoined for heating the air required for drying and
as a medium for disposing of objectionable fumes from dryer.
6. Along the inside periphery of outside tube A a suitable number of louvres C
are attached extending inwards radially to about one eighth of the diameter of
outside tube A so that when the apparatus is revolving the material by means of
the louvres C is cascaded on to the outside of inside tube B.
7. A suitable number of louvres ]) about one twelfth of the diameter of inside
tube B are attached along outside of inside tube B to retard the material in its
fall.
8. The outside circumference of outside tube is fitted with a suitable number
of rings E which rest upon revolving bearings F. Two are shewn on the drawings.
9. The apparatus is revolved by means of a wire band wire ropes pitch chains
or other suitable gearing preferably applied to outside circumference of outside
tube A at about the point G.

page_text: 10. The apparatus along its length is inclined at an angle of about two degrees
from the horizontal but the nature and quantity of the material to be treated are
the factors for determining the dimensions of the apparatus, the angle of its
inclination and the number of its revolutions per minute also whether an installa-
tion should consist of one or more complete apparatuses or tubes wrought singly
or in series above each other or alongside on the same plane and also whether
the enclosing air-locking chamber should completely surround the apparatus or
only enclose it at each end, confining the heated air to passing along inner tube B
from the inlet end returning through the annular space.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
The use in a drying caleining or roasting apparatus of an inner tube B for
conveying the heated air from the receiving end of apparatus X to a point
near to discharging end Y and returning the air through the annular space to
inlet end of apparatus substantially as and for the purposes described.
Dated this Fifteenth day of April Eighteen hundred and ninety nine.
JOHN MCCULLOCH.