Improvements in Sliding Sash windows.
Year: 1898

page_text: Improvements in Sliding Sash windows.
I, WILLIAM TURNBULL, of Esk Bank House, Dalkeith, in the County of
Midlothian, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
• _
This invention relates to sliding sash windows, and it has for its object to
so construct them as to enable them to be easily cleaned from the inside so
avoiding risk of accident.
To this end I provide means whereby the sashes can, in addition to sliding,
be swung round on pivots arranged at the top and bottom of the window, but
which pivots in no way interfere with the ordinary action of the sashes and only
serve their purpose when the latter are slidden into or near their closed position.
The sashes are also provided with suitable devices for locking them together
when in the latter position, so that they will both turn together.
In this way, the cleaning of the window can be easily effected, without risk,
when the sashes are swung round to bring their outer side inwards.
According to one construction, pivot pins are arranged centrally in the top
and bottom rails of the sashes, suitable sockets being provided for them in the
window frame, or vice versa. The ordinary parting beads are omitted, and the
sashes are held together, in sliding connection, by means of suitably shaped
guiding strips and corresponding grooves between their adjacent faces. On the
window stiles, are hinged-strips or beads which serve as guides for the sashes
in their sliding movement, but which can be turned out of the way when the
sashes are swung round on their pivots.
When the window is to be opened in the latter way, the lower sash is slightly
raised and is locked to the upper one by bolts or catches. Both sashes are then
removed into such a position that they will clear the upper and lower beads of
the window frame without, however, drawing the pivots out of their sockets.
The hinged-beads or strips at the side are then turned out of the way, where-
upon the sashes can be swung round on their pivots without any difficulty.
The cords of the upper sash may be attached to the middle of the top rail,
and be carried over pulleys arranged in the middle of the top of the window frame.
The cords of the lower sash may, however, be arranged in the ordinary way,
but their pulleys are, in such case, made to swivel to suit the inclination of the
cords when the window is swung round. As the action of the weights tends
to close the windows, a stop may be provided to keep it open, as well as buffers
to prevent shock or damage in closing.
By the arrangement above described, the advantages of the ordinary sliding
sash window are, to a large extent, combined with those of the French or case-

page_text: ment windows. Besides which, by turning the window on its vertical axis, it
can be set at any angle to catch the slightest breeze, which will be of great
advantage for airing rooms.
Dated this 22nd day of December 1898
I, WILLIAM TURNBULL, of Esk Bank House, Dalkeith, in the County of
Midlothian, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accompany-
ing drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:
This invention relates to sliding sash windows; and it has for its object to so
construct them as to enable them to be easily cleaned from inside a room so
avoiding risk of accident.
To this end I provide means whereby the sashes can, in addition to sliding,
be swung around on pivots arranged at the top and bottom of the window, but
which pivots in no way interfere with the ordinary action of the sashes and only
serve their purpose when the latter are slidden into or near their closed position.
The sashes are also provided with suitable devices for locking them together
when in the latter position, so that they will both turn together. In this way
the cleaning of the windows can be easily effected without risk when the sashes
are swung around to bring their outer sides inward.
And in order that my invention may be readily understood, I will describe the
same fully with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:-
Fig. 1 is a general elevation of one construction of my improved sliding sash
window, the same being closed.
Fig. 2 is a plan thereof, and
Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the liner of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is also an elevation corresponding to Fig. 1, but showing the sashes
partly turned on their pivots.
Fig. 5 is a plan of the same.
Fig. 6 is a detail view showing in elevation a device for effecting the sliding
connection between the sashes.
Fig. 7 is a horizontal section on the line yy of Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a fragmentary side view of the top rail of the upper sash, showing
one of the pivots and a swivel for the sash-cord adjacent thereto.
Fig. 9 is a plan of the same, and
Fig. 10 shews in section one of the sockets for the pivots.
Figs. 11 and 12 are respectively a side view and a plan of a swiveling sash-
pulley employed with the construction of window illustrated.
The detail views Figs. 6 to 11 are drawn to a larger scale than Figs. 1 to 6.
A is the window frame, and B are the sashes.
a are the pivots, which are in this case arranged centrally on the top and
bottom rails of the sashes and fit into corresponding sockets a¹ in the upper
and lower parts of the frame A.
The sashes are held together in sliding connection by means of guiding strips b

page_text: on one sash, adapted to fit or dovetail into undercut grooves b¹ in the adjacent
face of the other sash, a metal clip 2 being provided as an extension of the
groove if desired.
care hinged strips or beads, of which there are two diagonally opposite each
other, one inside and the other outside the frame, the other two beads c¹ being
fixed as usual. These beads normally serve in the ordinary way as guides for
the sashes; but the hinging of the pair c enables them to be turned out of the
way, Fig. 5, when the sashes are to be swung on their pivots.
The ordinary parting beads are however omitted, as the same would interfere
with the turning movement.
d are the cords, and the weights of the upper sash, while e, and e¹ are re-
spectively the cords and weights of the lower sash, said parts being shown in
dotted lines.
It will be seen that the cords of the upper sash extend over of series of guide
pulleys d², also shown in dotted lines, to the middle of the upper part of the
window, where they are united to a swivel, secured to the top rail beside the
upper pivot. This arrangement prevents the strain of the cords & interfering
with the turning movement; but obviously the cords might be connected to
the sides of the sash if desired.
The cords of the lower sash are arranged in the ordinary way, as the parts
between their pulleys f and the sash are long enough to allow of the sash turning
around without any inconvenient strain. The said pulleys f are, however,
arranged so that they can swivel to suit the inclination of the cords, this being
especially useful in preventing the cords from leaving the pulleys when the
sash, is returning to its normal position. The swiveling is provided for by
mounting the pulleys in frames fi, having pivots 2 at their upper and lower
ends, said pivots fitting into sockets f3 on the window frame.
Any well-known form of stop may be used to hold the window in an open
position.
When
For ordinary purposes the window is opened and closed by sliding either or
both of the sashes up or down, as the case may be, in the usual manner.
however, it is desired to open the window by turning it upon its pivots, this
is effected in the following way:-The hinged beads care turned into the posi-
tion shown in Fig. 5 and the lower sash is locked to the upper sash by means
of small bolts g, adapted to be pushed into holes g' in the stiles of the upper
sash. Both sashes are then drawn down slightly, so that an opening is left at
the top and bottom of the window, as in Fig. 4, just sufficient to enable the
sashes to clear the beads at the top and bottom of the frame without, however,
drawing either of the pivots out of their sockets. The sashes can then be turned
around freely in the direction of the arrows, Fig. 5, say to bring their outer
sides inward for cleaning.
In some cases in order to simplify the construction, the guiding strips b may be
dispensed with, as may also the small bolts g, and in place of these latter I may
provide screw bolts to be put in when the sashes overlap each other, and adapted
to screw them together and hold them rigid without any further connection
being required.
In order to facilitate access to the guide-pulleys in case of a sash cord requir-
ing to be renewed, the top and sides of the window-frame may have their inner
walls hinged, as at C, so that they can be readily opened without risk of damaging
them. Furthermore, the fixed beads on the window-frame are preferably made
in one therewith, so as to avoid draughts as far as possible, and the top and
bottom beads of the window may be hinged, so that they can be turned out of
the way, like the beads c, when the window is to be swung around. Moreover,
if desired, either or both of the pivots a might be secured to the frame A, the
socket or sockets to receive them being in such case secured in the sash-rails.
By the construction above described the advantages of the ordinary sliding-
sash windows are to a large extent combined with those of the French or case-

page_text: ment windows, besides which by turning the window on its vertical axis it can be
set at any angle to catch the slightest breeze, which will be of great advantage
for airing rooms.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. A sliding sash window having pivots in connection with its top and bottom
rails, and provided with means for keeping the sashes locked together during
their turning movement, substantially as described.
2. In a sliding sash window of the kind referred to in the preceding claim,
the means for connecting the cords to the sash so that they do not interfere
with the turning movement, substantially as described.
3. In a sliding sash window of the kind referred to in Claim 1, the arrange-
ment of guiding strips and corresponding dovetail grooves for holding the sashes
together, substantially as described.
4. A sliding sash window having its parts combined and operating substan-
tially as hereinbefore described with reference to the annexed drawings.
1000
ERNEST DE PASS,
Chartered Patent Agent,
78, Fleet Street, London, and 5A, Market Street, Nottingham,
Agent for the Applicant.