IMPROVE- MENTS IN LOOMS
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Mary Ann Naylor, of Brighouse, in the County
of York, Widow, Thomas Naylor, and James Whitelegg Naylor, of
Brighouse, aforesaid, Carpet Manufacturers, Executrix. and Executors
of David Naylor, of Brighouse, aforesaid, Carpet Manufacturer, deceased,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Naylor at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th
December 1863.
I, DAVID NAYLOR, of Brighouse, in the County of York, Carpet Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates, first, to those looms which have rising and falling
shuttle boxes, and consists in an improved mode of raising and lowering the
shuttle box frames. I shall describe it with reference to those looms which
require the shuttle boxes to rise or fall at either or both ends; it is, however,
equally applicable to those which only require them to do so at one end. To
effect this I employ a shaft which extends across the loom, and which when the
loom is in operation receives continuous motion. In some cases it is more con-
venient to have a separate shaft at each end. On this shaft are four sliding-cams

page_text: two near each end, which rotate with it but are free to slide on feather keys
to and fro on it. These cams are only formed to act as cams at one end, near
the other end they have grooves, and they have a tooth or notch formed on
their periphery. To each of the shuttle box frames are affixed two bars on
which are notches or teeth. The cams and bars are so placed that the notch of
one of the cams will, when permitted, act on a notch of one of the bars to raise
the frame, and that the notch of the other cam will act on one of the notches
of the other bar to depress it. When the notches on the cams as they rotate
are not required to act on the notches of the bars each cam is held by a lever
or latch in such a position that as they rotate the notches will not come in
contact; but when the notch on any of the cams is required to act, the latch
is by the jacquard or other apparatus withdrawn from such cam, which allows
a spring to act on and force it sideways into such a position that as it rotates
the notch on it will come in contact with a notch on the bar, which will
raise or lower it and the shuttle box frame in accordance with the bar on
which it acts. When the notch on the cam has acted the cam at the end is
so formed that as it revolves it comes against a bowl mounted on a stationary
stud, which overcomes the power of the spring and causes the cam to slide
back when it is held by the latch. The frames can be raised or lowered on
both sides at one time or separately, as desired, in accordance with the cams
which are liberated by the jacquard or other apparatus.
The second part of my improvement is applicable to looms where one or
more series of shuttle boxes is or are carried by the lathe swords, and consists
in attaching weights to the lathe swords or to the rocking shafts of such
looms in order to balance or counterpoise the lathes and shuttle boxes,
and apparatus connected therewith, by which the prejudicial effects consequent
on the great inequality of weight above the axes of motion of the swords are
obviated
SPECIFICATION filed in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
and of an Order of the Lord Chancellor, by the said Mary Ann Naylor, 3
Thomas Naylor, and James Whitelegg Naylor in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 29th July 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, MARY
ANN NAYLOR, of Brighouse, in the County of York, Widow, and THOMAS
NAYLOR, and JAMES WHITELEGG NAYLOR, both of Brighouse, aforesaid, 3
Carpet Manufacturers, Executrix and Executors of DAVID NAYLOR, of:
Brighouse aforesaid, Carpet Manufacturer, deceased, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of December, One thousand eight.
hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of Her reign, after
reciting that the said David Naylor did, by his Petition, humbly represent
to Her said Majesty that he was in posession of an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS," which the Petitioner believed would be of great public
utility, that he was the first and true Inventor thereof, and that the same was
not in use by any other person or persons to the best of his knowledge and
belief. The Petitioner therefore most humbly prayed that Her said Majesty
would be graciously pleased to grant unto him, his executors, administrators,
and assigns, Her Royal Letters Patent for the sole use, benefit, and advantage
of his said Invention, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, for the term of fourteen
years pursuant to the Statute in that case made and provided. And reciting
that the said David Naylor departed this life on the Seventh day of June,
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, leaving his wife the said Mary
Ann Naylor, and his sons the said Thomas Naylor and James Whitelegg
Naylor, his Executrix and Executors. And that Her said Majesty being
willing to give encouragement to all Arts and Inventions which might be for
the public good, was graciously pleased to grant to us the said Mary Ann
Naylor, Thomas Naylor, and James Whitelegg Naylor, as such Executrix
and Executors, Her Royal Letters Patent, did give and grant unto us, the
said Mary Ann Naylor, Thomas Naylor, and James Whitelegg Naylor, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, Her especial license that we, the said
Mary Ann Naylor, Thomas Naylor, and James Whitelegg Naylor, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, and every of us, or such others as
we, the said Mary Ann Naylor, Thomas Naylor, and James Whitelegg
Naylor, our executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend the said Invention within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and. Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, upon'
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Mary Ann Naylor,
Thomas Naylor, and James Whitelegg Naylor, should by an instrument in
writing under our hands and. seals, or under the hand and seal of one of
us, particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal. Patent Office within seven calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
Mary Ann Naylor, Thomas Naylor, and James Whitelegg Naylor, do hereby
declare that the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, are particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and description, reference being had to the Drawings
hereunto annexed :-
The said Invention relates, first, to looms having rising and falling shuttle
boxes, and consists in an improved mode of raising and lowering the shuttle
box frames.
We shall describe it with reference to those looms which require the
shuttle boxes to rise or fall at either or both ends; it is, however, equally
applicable to those which only require them to do so at one end. To effect
this a shaft is employed which extends across the loom, and which when the
loom is in operation receives continuous motion. In some cases it is more
convenient to have a separate shaft at each end. On this shaft are four
sliding cams, two near each end, which rotate with it, but are free to slide on
feather keys to and fro on it. These cams are only formed to act as cams
at one end, near the other end they have grooves and they have a tooth or
notch formed on their periphery. To each of the shuttle box frames are affixed
two bars, on which are notches or teeth. The cams and bars are so placed
that the notch of one of the cams will when permitted act on a notch of one
of the bars to raise the frame, and that the notch of the other cam will act
on one of the notches of the other bar to depress it. When the notches on
the cams as they rotate are not required to act on the notches of the bars
each cam is held by a lever or latch in such a position that as they rotate the
notches will not come in contact; but when the notch on any of the cams
is required to act, the latch is by the jacquard or other suitable apparatus
withdrawn from such cam, which allows a spring to act on and force it side-
ways into such a position that as it rotates the notch on it will come in con-
tact with a notch on the bar, which will raise or lower it and the shuttle box
frame in accordance with the bar on which it acts. When the notch on the
cam has acted, the cam at the end is so formed that as it revolves it comes
against a bowl mounted on a stationary stud which overcomes the power of
the spring, and causes the cam to slide back when it is held by the latch.
The frames can be raised or lowered on both sides at one time or separately
as desired in accordance with the cams which are liberated by the jacquard
or other apparatus.
The second part of the said improvement is applicable to looms where one
or more series of shuttle boxes is or are carried by the lathe sword, and con-
---

page_text: sists in attaching weights to the lathe swords or to the rocking shafts of such
looms in order to balance or counterpoise the lathes and shuttle boxes and
apparatus connected therewith by which the prejudicial effects consequent on
the great inequality of weight above the axes of motion of the swords are
obviated.
In order that the said Invention may be fully understood we will proceed
to describe the same as shewn in the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings,
in which Figures 1, 2, and 3 are drawn to a scale of three inches equal one
foot, and Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7 are drawn of full size. The corresponding
parts are marked with similar letters of reference in all the Figures in which
they occur.
Figure 1 is a front view; Figure 2 is a back view (in part), and Figure 3
is an end elevation of such parts of a loom as are requisite to explain
the said Invention; Figure 4 is a plan view of one of the cams; and
Figure 5 is an end view of the same; and Figure 6 is a plan of one
of the fixings M, with the bowls n; and Figure 7 is an elevation of the
same.
The following is a description of the parts connected with the first part of
the said Invention.
The shaft A rotates in and is supported by the bushes N, and extends
across the loom receiving continuous motion when the loom is in operation
from the tappit shaft or other convenient source. In the arrangement shewn
it receives motion through the bevil wheels B and B', the bevil wheel B
receiving motion from the shaft on which it is placed, which in turn receives
motion from the tappit shaft. On the shaft A are the sliding cams C and C³,
which rotate with the shaft A, but are free to slide to and fro on it on feather
keys. These cams are made right and left hand being in other respects similar.
They act as cams at the end a. Near the other end they have a groove,
and they have a tooth or notch 6 formed on their periphery (see the full sized
views). To each of the shuttle box frames D are affixed two bars E and E¹,
on which are notches or teeth and e¹ (see Figure 3). Each cam C, and
the adjacent bar E, are so placed that the tooth of the cam' will when
permitted act on one of the teeth e of the bar E to lower the shuttle box
frame D, and the cams C³ and bars E¹ are so placed that the tooth of the
cam C¹ will when required act on one of the teeth e¹ of the bar E¹ to raise
it. At each end of the loom is a stationary shaft G (see Figure 2), on which
are loose the slides H and springs I. The slides H have a fork and at one
end a tail piece. The fork part passes into a groove in one of the cams.
There are also at each end of the loom supported on a stud x, two levers F

page_text: each having near one end a projection S, and at the other a cord or wire K
to connect it with the jacquard or other apparatus employed in the looms to
which the said Invention relates as before stated for raising or lowering the
shuttle boxes and governing the pattern. This end is the heaviest, and when
not raised by the jacquard or other apparatus falls down by its own weight,
and causes the projection S at the other end to rise and come in front of the
tail piece of the slide H, to hold it and the cam. The fixings M are bolted
to the framing W. In each of them are two studs, on which are mounted
the bowls n (see Figure 6). When the teeth on the cams C and C³ as they
rotate are not required to act on the teeth of the bars E and E', each cam is
held by one of the projections S, bearing against the tail piece of the slide H,
connected with it in such a position that as they rotate none of the teeth will
come in contact; but when any of the teeth on the cams C and C¹ are
required to act, such projection S is removed from the tail piece against which
it bears as will liberate the particular cam or cams so required to act. This
is effected by the jacquard or other apparatus acting on the proper cord or
wire K, and so raising it and the end of the lever F to which it is attached,
which withdraws the projection S from the tail piece against which it bore.
When the projection has been removed from the tail piece, the slide con-
nected with it being then at liberty is acted upon by its spring, which forces
it and the cam sideways into such a position that as the cam rotates the tooth
on it will come in contact with a tooth in one of the bars E or E³, which will
raise or lower the shuttle box frame D in accordance with the bar on which
the tooth of the cam operates. When the tooth has acted the rotation of the
cam brings the part a against one of the bowls n, which overcomes the power
of the spring 1, and causes the cam to slide back, and with it the slide H, on
which the projection S on the lever F, which was previously raised by the
jacquard from the tail piece of the slide, being now liberated again comes in
front of the tail piece, and holds it and the cam till it is again removed. The
frame D can be raised or lowered on both sides at one time, or separately
as desired, by causing the required cam or cams to be liberated by the
jacquard or other apparatus. If it be found convenient to use two shafts
instead of the one continuous shaft A, an extra pair of bevil wheels or
other suitable gearing will be required to drive the second shaft, the appli-
cation of which will be easily effected by any mechanic conversant with
such machinery.
The following is a description of the second of the said improvements. In
this the balance weight P is attached to the lathe swords R, which are
lengthened for that purpose. Generally the lathe swords are attached to

page_text: a shaft, known as the rocking shaft, which extends across the loom, and
which forms an axis for them to vibrate on. In the arrangement
shewn the lathe swords are supported by and vibrate on the stationary
bushes in the framing W. If a rocking shaft is used the weights may be
attached to it or to the lathe swords as may be preferred.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, we declare that we do not claim as of
the Invention protected by the said Letters Patent, any of the separate parts
of mechanism described, but we claim,-
First, the combined arrangement of the mechanism described, whereby
the shuttle boxes in looms are raised and lowered by means of cams on a
continuously rotating shaft acting on bars as herein explained.
And, secondly, the combination of weights with the lathe swords.or rocking.
shafts of looms in manner and for the purpose described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Naylor, on behalf of myself,
and of the said Mary Ann Naylor, and James Whitelegg Naylor, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Twenty-eighth day of July, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
0 Signed, sealed, and delivered by
the said Thomas Naylor in
the presence of
CHARLES ASTON,
Attorney,
Manchester.
THOS. NAYLOR. (L.S.)