Manufacture of a Fibrous Material suitable for Making Paper from Peat.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Manufacture of a Fibrous Material suitable for Making Paper from
Peat.
I, KARL ANDREAS ZSCHORNER, of IV Wohllebengasse No. 5, Vienna, Austria,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
-
Many experiments have been made to disintegrate the fibrous material contained
in peat by the action of chemicals so as to render peat available for the manufacture
of textiles and paper.
It has, however, been found that no useful product can be obtained by these
processes since the peat fibre is always attacked or destroyed and thus loses its
coherence and tensile strength. The origin of this obstacle to the obtainment
of a practicable fibrous material from peat has now been shown to reside in the
fact that in every case the peat was subjected to a boiling process, with the puri-
fying or bleaching reagents in such a way that these acted on the peat in a con-
centrated condition and frequently under pressure which enhanced the injurious
action of the high temperature.
By the present invention the difficulty is overcome and a strong fibrous material
well suited for making paper is obtained by using dilute solutions for disintegrating,
purifying and bleaching the raw material at the ordinary temperature in all
cases under pressure.
In carrying out the process the washed peat is treated under a pressure of one
or more atmospheres and at a temperature of 4° to 25° C. with a dilute, preferably
a two per cent. solution of alkali (caustic soda).
By allowing this solution to act for an appropriate time (for some 10 to 14
hours) a dark brown lye is obtained; this is drawn off and the already purified
and disintegrated fibrous material is thoroughly washed with water and then
either immediately subjected to the bleaching process, or submitted to the repeated
action of a more dilute alkali solution (one per cent. strength) under the same
conditions either before or after the bleaching. In the first case a darker coloured
and in the latter case a lighter tinted material can be obtained according to the
desired colour of the paper pulp.
The bleaching of the peat fibre after it has been treated with alkali and washed
is effected with calcium or sodium hypochlorite in dilute solution (1° or at
highest 20 Baume) at the ordinary temperature (4° to 25° C.) under pressure in
the same way as the treatment with the alkali solution.
The process possesses the advantages that, owing to the low degree of concen-
tration of the solutions and bleaching liquid, it is conducted at a very small cost
and that it requires no complicated apparatus.
Dated this 2nd day of July 1897
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Manufacture of a Fibrous Material suitable for Making Paper from
Peat.
__i..
I, KARL ANDREAS ZSCHORNER, of IV Wohllebengasse No. 5, Vienna, Austria,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention' and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement : —
Many experiments have been made to disintegrate the fibrous material contained
in peat by the action of chemicals so as to render peat available for the manufacture
of textiles and paper.
It has, however, been found that no useful product can be obtained by these
processes since the peat fibre is always attacked or destroyed and thus loses its
coherence and tensile strength. The origin of this obstacle to the obtainment
of a practicable fibrous material from peat has now been shewn to reside in the
fact that in every case the peat was subjected to a boiling process, with the püri-
fying or bleaching reagents in such a way that these acted on the peat in a con-
centrated condition and frequently under pressure which enhanced the injurious
action of the high temperature.
By the present invention the difficulty is overcome and a strong fibrous material
well suited for making paper is obtained by using, for disintegrating, purifying and
bleaching the raw material dilute solutions at the ordinary temperature but in all
cases under pressure.
In carrying out the process the washed peat is treated under a pressure of one
or more atmospheres in excess of the normal atmospheric pressure and at a tem-
perature of 4° to 25° C. with a dilute, preferably a two per cent. solution of alkali
(caustic soda).
By allowing. this solution to act for an appropriate time (for some 10 to 14
hours) a dark brown lye is obtained; this is drawn off and the already purified
and disintegrated fibrous material is thoroughly washed with water and then
either immediately subjected to the bleaching process, or submitted to the several
times repeated, action, of a more dilute alkali solution (one per cent. strength)
under the same conditions either before or after the bleaching. In the first case
a darker coloured and in the latter case a lighter tinted material can be obtained
according to the desired colour of the paper. pulp.
The bleaching of the peat fibre after it has been treated with alkali and washed
is effected with calcium or sodium hypochlorite in dilute solution (1° or at highest
2 Baume) at the ordinary temperature (4° to 25° C.) under pressure in the same
way, as the treatment with the alkali solution.
The above described lixiviating and bleaching operations- may, if necessary,
repeated successively several times, according to requirements.
be
The described process possesses the advantages that, owing to the low degree of
concentration of the solutions and bleaching liquid,' it is conducted at a very small
cost and that it requires no complicated apparatus.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
+
1. A process for the manufacture of a fibrous material suitable for making paper
from peat consisting in treating the washed peat, at the ordinary temperature
and under pressure, with a dilute, preferably a two per cent., solution of alkali,
and, after the lye has been drawn off and the product washed, submitting the
TA

page_text: said product to bleaching by treating it, at the ordinary temperature and under
pressure, with a dilute solution (preferably from 1° to 2° Baume) of calcium or
sodium hypochlorite, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. In a process such as is referred to in Claim 1 submitting the product obtained
by the first treatment of the peat with alkali to the lixiviating action, several times
repeated, of an alkaline solution which is more diluted than the one previously
employed and is preferably of about one per cent. strength, at the ordinary tem-
perature and under pressure, either before or after the bleaching referred to in
Claim 1, the said lixiviating and bleaching operations being if necessary repeated
successively several times, according to requirements, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
1
.
1000
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.