Year: 1886

page_text: I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
my invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
These improvements relate principally to velocipedes having three or more wheels
but some of them may be employed upon velocipedes having only two wheels.
The first branch of the said invention consists in certain improvements in the
driving clutches used on velocipedes whereby they may be propelled both forward and
backward and, in all cases, drive the wheel which meets with the greatest resistance
allowing the other or faster running wheel to automatically detach itself from the
slower running one, the novel feature being in the combinations of working parts
which give to this variety of driving clutch the capacity to drive the machine
backward as well as forward.
The second branch of my invention consists in applying to the axle of a tricycle a
series of folding rods carrying at their outer ends upon a common hub one of the
wheels, which rods, when folded up, bring the wheels nearer together and when
expanded separate them. These rods, when folded up, are made to stow themselves
compactly between the spokes of the wheel so as to be out of the way. I provide a
clamping ring mechanism for securing these rods in their expanded position and
giving them stability, and for enabling them to be readily unlocked and folded up.
The third branch of my invention consists in forming the rods, braces and other
parts of the framework and wheels of velocipedes of hollow tubes of metal, and
filling them with sulphur in a molten state, thereby imparting additional stiffness and
lightness to them. Sometimes I form these cores between two tubes placed one
within the other, thereby diminishing the weight and amount of sulphur it is necessary
to use.
The fourth branch of my invention consists in forming the bearings of velocipedes

page_text: of a series of balls or rollers and providing for adjusting the balls or rollers to the
size of the bearing surfaces by means of rings, divided at an angle more or less
acute to the path of the balls or rollers, whereby the divisions in the rings present
less obstruction to the movement of the balls. I also provide mechanism for
introducing the balls into the rings by suitable conduits or channels and closing the
latter after the balls are introduced.
My various improvements are illustrated in the accompanying drawings which I
will particularly describe.
In carrying out the first branch of my improvements I employ one form of clutch
mechanism shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.
Figure 1 is a rear view of a tricycle provided with my improved clutch in vertical
transverse section.
Figure 2 is a side view of the clutch box or outer casing.
Figure 3 is an internal face view of one half of the clutch box by itself.
Figure 4 is a face view of one of the clutches adapted for a square shaft.
Figure 5 is a side view of the clutch with the outer box partly broken away to show
the internal construction.
Figure 6 is another view of the same, showing the clutches in a different position.
Figure 7 is a side view of one of the clutches.
Figure 8 is a vertical transverse section through the clutch mechanism showing a
modification in attaching the clutches to their shafts.
Figure 9 is a face view of one of the clutches shown in Figure 8
Figure 10 is a face view of the washers used, as shewn in Figure 8 to hold the
axles in place in the frame.
WW are the two large or driving wheels of a tricycle and wis the small or
steering wheel of the same. It has been found desirable in turning curves with such
a machine to have the wheels driven independently of each other, while in travelling
on a straight track it is desirable to have both wheels driven positively, and it is for
this purpose more especially that my improvement is devised. The steering wheel to
may be provided with any well-known guiding attachment, or turned in its pivot
bearing in the frame F by hand, if desired, and further description of such steering
attachment is unnecessary.
To each driving wheel W W', is rigidly attached a shaft S S¹, as shown, and these
two shafts abut against each other at their inner ends and at the centre of the
machine. The end of one of these shafts is made to revolve and take a bearing in a
socket in the end of the other, by forming a projecting part on the former to fit such
socket in the latter, as shown in dotted lines and, as will be readily understood, so as
to give greater steadiness of rotation to their ends. The shafts S, S¹, are supported in
the tubular frame-work pieces F F1, which are rigidly connected together by the
braces F, F, F, attached to the tubular parts in any common and well known
manner as, for instance, by bolts or screws on the opposite face of the machine from
that shown.
Around the shafts S S¹ and over the part where their ends abut, I place the clutch-
box B, made so as to turn freely upon the shafts which pass through axial holes in cach
half of the box. The shafts are cylindrical where they pass through the frame
pieces F F and sides of the box B. On each shaft is screwed by a proper throad, a
nut or washer, d, after the half of the box B is slipped over the shaft, thus serving to
hold the box and shaft on each side together. The box B is formed of two halves B'B¹
made alike and bolted together, as shown. Around the periphery of the box are
formed the teeth bb, which are adapted to enter the links of an endless chain
extending from and around the box B and the toothed wheel T¹ which is mounted on
the shaft of the pedal cranks TT in the ordinary manner. It will thus be seen that if
nothing else than heretofore described prevented, the box B would simply revolve
around the shafts S S¹ as the treadles were operated. This is however prevented in
the following manner :- -Within the box B the end of each shaft is made polygonal in
form, as shown at SS. On these ends of the shafts are slipped two clutches, CC,
formed with ratchet teeth on their faces, which come opposite the internal faces of the

page_text: box B. In the internal face of each half of the box B is formed a corresponding
series of ratchet teeth, as shown. The axial hole c' in each clutch fits the square part
of the shaft closely but so as to allow the clutch to slip freely longitudinally on the
shaft within the box. A cylindrical chamber c, is also formed in the inner face of
each clutch around the axial hole, as shown. The ratchet teeth of the box and the
two clutches being placed so as to project, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, with relation
to each other, a spiral spring is placed around the ends of the two shafts, so as to
enter the chambers e, and, pressing against the clutches CC on either end, tends to
keep them apart and cause their ratchet-teeth to engage with those in each inner face
of the box, as shown. When the box B is revolved so as to turn the shafts S S¹ and
wheels W W forward, the clutches CC both engage with the ratchet teeth in the
box B, as shown in Figure 6, and both shafts and wheels will be driven positively
forward. In driving the machine round a curve, however-as, for instance to the
right the left-hand driving wheel W, travelling the larger circle, would move faster
than the right-hand one, W¹ and the clutch box B. This would cause the clutch
attached to its shaft S to move along its shaft and unlock itself from the ratchet teeth
on its side of the box by reason of the bevelled inclines of the ratchet teeth in the
box and on the clutch slipping over each other. The wheel W would therefore move
independently of the clutch box B and the other wheel, W¹ until the curve was
rounded, when its shaft would again automatically lock itself to the box. Of course
all this is accomplished by having the space between the two clutches, CC, just
sufficient, as shown, to allow one of the clutches to slide along toward the other far
enough to unlock itself from the box B, as described, and shown in Figures 1 and 5.
Even if this space between the clutches were greater the same result would be
accomplished, but by making it no greater than described I accomplish a second object
of the invention, as follows:-When the clutch box B is turned in the opposite
direction from that heretofore supposed, or, in other words, so as to drive the wheels
and their shafts and attached clutches backward, the bevelled inclines of the ratchet
teeth on both sides of the box will, acting against the corresponding bevels of the
ratchet teeth of the clutches, force both clutches simultaneously inward on their shafts
toward each other. Now, the space between the clutches over which they must
traverse to meet, is but a little greater than the depth of the ratchet teeth on one
clutch; hence when both clutches are thus forced simultaneously until they meet, the
ratchet teeth of neither will be withdrawn from the corresponding teeth of the box B,
and therefore both wheels will be driven positively backward and as well as forward
by the clutch.
Any washer or other tubular piece of metal may be placed between the clutches CC
if desired, provided the free space over which they and it can move be of the length
described, such washer of course sliding freely on the shafts SS¹.
It will thus be seen that the clutch mechanism drives both wheels positively forward
and backward, but automatically releases one wheel in propelling the vehicle around
curves, as described.
In Figures 8, 9 and 10 a modification of the method of securing the clutches CC
upon their shafts is shown, which greatly assists their operation in locking and
unlocking automatically as described. Instead of the ends of the shafts SS being
made square, splines s¹¹are used which are set in the shafts at a slight angle from the
axis of the shaft, and so as to assist the movement of the clutch in unlocking itself
from the box-ratchet, as before described. The hole c¹ in the clutch is provided with
a correspondingly-shaped groove c² to fit over the spine s¹ and prevent the wheel
turning round. Instead of the spring being placed in chambers, c, a ring or band of
metal c may be employed as shown in Figures 5 and 7, with the inclined or spiral
splines ss, and the action of the faster running wheel as it races ahead of box B will
then cause its clutch to withdraw itself automatically from the ratchet teeth ee in the
box, by reason of the friction of ring on the outer periphery of its clutch C. I
prefer this construction of the clutch as it operates with certainty and renders it
noiseless in use. The number of these splines ssl and grooves around the shaft and
wheel may
be increased, if desired, in which case they will be placed on opposite sides
A 2

page_text: of the shaft. These splines are an equivalent of the squaro shaft in holding the
clutches on to their shafts, except in the matter of their angling position, and they are
set in grooves in the shaft in the ordinary way. The square ends of the shafts may
be made to perform the same functions by making them slightly spiral as well as flat-
faced, so that their corners will incline to the axis of the shaft in the same manner as
the splines are shown. The splines s's also perform another function, as shown, for
they are made to project into the washers d d where they touch them, a notch d being
cut in the proper position in the washer to receive the end of the spline. The
washers d d are thus prevented from turning around or becoming loose on the shaft,
and they may thus be used either with or without a screw-thread upon the shafts.
The annular chamber c¹ to receive the spiral spring, is shown in Figure 8 as made
in a slightly different position from that of Figure 1, but it acts in the same way.
Instead of a single spring bearing equally upon both clutches, springs attached to the
shafts S S¹ may be used to press the clutches into engagement with the discs B¹ B¹;
but the former is preferred.
Another form of reverse acting clutch is shown in Figures 11 and 12, in which tho
fixed ratchet teeth are made fast to the divided shaft S S' of the tricycle and the
movable teeth or pawls are made fast to the box B.
Figure 11. is an edge view of the clutch mechanism, partly in section transversely,
to show the working parts. Figure 12 is a sectional view of the same on the line X X
of Figure 11.
SS is the divided shaft of the tricycle, the part S being attached to one of the
opposite driving wheels at its outer end, and the part S¹ to the other in the usual
manner. These parts abut together midway within the outer box or casing B, which
is formed of an outer cylinder carrying the sprocket gear-teeth bb, and two opposite
disc faces bolted together by bolts or screws passing into holes in the cylinder.
The divided shaft S S₁ passes axially through the faces of the box B, and the latter
revolves on the shaft on the bearings thus formed.
Within the box and secured to the shaft are the discs CC, the disc C being firmly
secured.to the part S of the shaft and the disc C¹ to the part S¹ where these parts
abut, just sufficient space being left between the faces of the discs nearest each other
to allow them to revolve without frictional contact. Each of these discs consists of two
portions a larger smooth cylindrical portion and a ratchet portion r. This ratchet
portion has teeth around its periphery, which are adapted to receive a pawl projecting
in either direction, as shown. Around the exterior of the cylindrical portions of the
discs CC is placed a loose sleeve or ring c³, which I term the "pawl-keeper," because
its function is to control the action of the pawls. To prevent lateral displacement of
this sleeve an annular rib, d, is formed around its interior, which projects into a
corresponding groove formed half in disc C and half in disc (as shown in Figure 11.
These parts are so fitted that the ring has a running fit upon the discs, allowing it
to revolve on them, or either one of them to revolve in it. Opposite to and around
the outside of each of the ratchets of the discs (gravity pawls p p¹ are secured
ou pivots p² in the box B in such a position as to drop down into the ratchets » when
above them in the rotation of the box. The pawls p project in one direction and the
pawls p¹ in the other being hung in pairs on each pivot and a sufficient number of
pawls are placed around the ratchets, inside of the box, to insure one or more pairs
always being on the upper side ready to engage with their ratchets. The pawls are
hung loosely upon their pivots so as to drop freely downward, and they are socketed
at their bases in projections på p³ formed within the cylinder part of the box B, to
enable them to sustain the "end-thrust" when they engage with the ratchets. These
sockets are so formed as to only just permit each pawl to be raised clear of the
ratchet teeth, as is shown of the pawls p¹ p¹ in Figure 12, when the projection p³
forms a stop to prevent its rising further. If, now, the pawls were left unobstructed in
their action, it is evident that when the pulley-box B was revolved in one direction one
or more of the pawls p would fall into the ratchets and carry both discs CC² with it,
and if revolved in the other one or more pawls p¹ p' would fall into the ratchets and
carry the discs along in like manner. Conversely, neither disc could be revolved in the
ין

page_text: pulley box in either direction. To enable the pulley box to always carry the discs
with it in each direction, while allowing either disc to freely run faster than the pulley
box and the other disc, I fix in the opposite edges of the pawl keeper ring e pins d' d²
which project horizontally each way between each pair of pawls p p', and impinge
against the latter when the pulley box B is revolved, the pins d' lifting the pawls p
and the pins lifting the pawls p¹ as the pulley box is revolved one way or the other.
Furthermore, the distance between the pins d'andid of each pair on the edge of the
pawl-keeper ring is such, and each pair of pins is so placed between the pairs of pawls,
that when either the set d'or d² of pins has lifted its corresponding set of pawls as far as
possible out of the ratchet the other set of pins will just abut against those of its corre-
sponding set of pawls, which are locked into the ratchet teeth as shown in Figure 12.
It is of course understood that the ratchet and pawls and keeper-pins of the disc C¹
are like those shown for disc C in Figure 12 in their relative arrangement-that is,
when pins d¹ lift out their set of pawls from the ratchet of disc C, the corresponding
pins lift out their corresponding pawls from the ratchet of disc Cand vice versa.
The purpose of the mechanism is to allow either of the discs C or C¹ to race or run
faster than the pulley-box B and the other disc, and thus allow the outer wheel of the
tricycle, as the case may be, in turning a corner to run independently of the inner or
driven wheel in a manner well understood, whether the machine be driven forward or
backward, while at the same time insuring that the pulley box B shall drive both
wheels either forward or backward in a direct course.
In
The operation of the clutch mechanism is as follows:-Suppose the pulley box to
be driven forward in the direction of the arrow in Figure 12 then the friction of the
pawl keeper on the discs CC causes the pawls to be carried along with the pulley
box over the pins d' of the pawl keeper, thus allowing the pawls p to drop into
their ratchets and lifting the pawls p' out of their ratchets in both discs CC, and
carrying the disc and pawl keeper. along with the pulley as soon as this occurs.
the meantime the tension or end-thrust on the pawls p causes them to hold back the
pawl keeper (by bearing on pins d¹) so that pawls p¹ p¹ will be kept lifted out of
their ratchets by the pins d'; but since the pawls p p on one side of the box alone
will hold back the pawl-keeper in this manner the pawls p of that one side will keep
the pawls ppl of both sides or ratchets lifted out of the latter. Therefore when the
tricycle turns a corner with the wheel of shaft S₁ and disc C¹ outside, and that con-
nected wheel, shaft and disc begin to race or run faster than the pulley box B and
disc (which is connected to the inside or slow-moving wheel) they are free to do so,
because their pawls p' are held away from the ratchet of disc by the opposite
locked pawls of disc acting through pins d', pawl-keeper and pins . If the
motion of the pulley box B is reversed the action of the pawls p p will be reversed,
and both discs and the tricycle wheels will be driven backward while one is allowed
to race or run ahead in backing around a corner, as above described in turning corner
while going ahead.
Since under no circumstances in the use of the machine are both discs C C¹ allowed
or made to race ahead of pulley box B at once, there are no movements of the
tricycle which the clutch mechanism will not control and permit to be performed,
while permitting the machine to operate with an exceedingly small amount of friction.
It is necessary to the successful operation of the mechanism that the pawl keeper
shall always be held backward against the rear pawls of each pair with sufficient
force to lift them out of the ratchets in whichever direction the pulley may bo
revolved, and this is accomplished by making the frictional bearing surface of the
pawl-keeper on which it revolves greater than the friction of the pins of the pawl-
keeper in lifting the pawls. While the pawl-keeper may thus be made to operate by
friction alone, the locking of it in place by the forward pawls or either set of them
alone, insures that certainty in its operation in keeping the rear pawls raised, which is
desirable..
It is evident that each pair of pins d¹ d² may be made in the form of a stud
projecting from the pawl-keeper, and as wide across circumferentially of the latter
as from outside to outside of the pins, as the pins are essentially integral with the

page_text: keeper. It is also evident that the pawls and ratchets may be reversed, and the ratchets
may be carried by the pulley box and the pawls by the discs CC. The pawls may
also be actuated by springs, instead of gravity, in engaging with the ratchets,
although I prefer the latter. One set of pins d'or d may also be used between each
pair of ratchets instead of two. The pawl keeper c may also be made to revolve upon
one or both portions S S¹ of the shaft between the ratchets rr instead of outside of
disc C, C but I prefer the construction before described. It is also evident that the
pawls p of one of the ratchets may be left off and the tricycle be driven backwards
by the pawls p of the opposite ratchet, propelling only one wheel if desired. Driving
pulley box B may also be divided transversely of the shaft and centrally through it
into two parts and the exterior of each part be provided with a sprocket gear, and
both parts be driven by separate chain belts from a common shaft, without departing
from the spirit of my invention.
Another form of my reverse acting clutch is shewn in Figures 13, 14, 15, 16, 17,
18, 19 and 20 of the accompanying drawings in which figures the pawl governing
ring or pawl keeper e is made to carry the pawls instead of their being carried by the
pulley box B as last described.
In the said drawings;
Figure 13 is a side view of a pulloy and clutch for tricycles constructed according
to this part of my invention.
Figure 14 is an edge view of the same with the outer portion of the sprocket gear
in section to shew the internal mechanism.
Figure 15 is an internal face view of one portion of the pulley casing..
Figure 16 is a view of the clutch mechanism which is attached to one portion of
the divided shaft, when the side casing shewn in Figure 15 is removed.
Figure 17 is an edge view of the pawl carrier.
Figure 18 is a side view of the same.
Figure 19 is an edge view of the ratchet disc attached to one portion of the divided
shaft.
Figure 20 is a face view of the same.
S and S¹ are the two portions of the divided shaft, each of which is supported in
bearings of the tricycle frame and carries upon its outer end one of the tricycle
wheels. This shaft is divided in the middle of the pulley and clutch mechanism, by
which it is driven, into these two portions. B is the pulley box containing the clutch
mechanism for driving this divided shaft S S₁ so that it will positively drive both
portions of the same either forward or backward.
The outer portion of the pulley B consists of a ring having sprocket teeth 1, 1,
around it for the ordinary chain belt by which the pulley is driven. On each side the
ring is attached to two discs 62 72, which form a casing for the clutch mechanism
and revolve freely upon the divided shaft S S¹ on their central bearing portions;
cach of the discs is provided with holes registering with similar holes in the
ring and through these holes screw bolts are passed, which unite the dises
together in the form of a hollow pulley. Near the inner end of each member of the
divided shaft S S' is attached a disc c provided on its edge with the ratchet teeth c¹ c¹
this disc revolves with the member of the divided shaft to which it is attached and it
has a hub which forms a convenient bearing for the disc to revolve upon, as
shewn in Figure 14. These two discs c are within the hollow pulley B, and so protected
from dust and dirt. Between the two discs is placed upon the divided shaft S S'
a disc or ring which carries on opposite sides of it pawls d' d' so arranged that
one pawl projects one way around the circumference and the other pawl projects the
other way. These pawls are hung at such a distance from the centre of the disc as
to be outside of the circumference of the discs c c, attached to the parts of the
shaft S, S', and so as to overhang these latter discs and engage with the notches c
therein as hereinafter described. Each one of the pawls has projecting from its
outer face a pin d near its outer or free end by which it may be raised out of its
notch e in disc c. To effect this raising of it, it is made to enter a cam-shaped
cavity in the disc & adjacent to it, there being in each of the discs two of these

page_text: cam-shaped cavities having their faces 6, which are of the cam-shape, inclined in
opposite directions towards its other, corresponding with the opposite inclination of
their respective pawis. In the outer edge of pawl keeper disc c is made on one side
an elongated notch dopposite which a pin d is passed through the disc as shewn.
When the ratchet discs c, c, and the pawl keeper disc c are in place within the pulley
and between the pulley face discs 62, 62, which encase them a pin 67 firmly fixed in
these latter discs, extends across within the pulloy from side to side passing through
the notch in disc c and entirely outside of the ratchet discs c, c. Springs d
are passed under the projecting ends of pin d on each side of pawl keeper disc c
and these springs respectively have their free ends resting upon the pawls, d', d', so as
to hold them inward toward the notches c¹ of their ratchet disc. The distance apart
around the disc 6 of the cam notches in a line described from its centre, is such
that when the pin d² of one of the pawls is upon the part of its cam surface 6 farthest
from the centre the like pin of the oppositely inclined pawl will be upon the part of
its cam surface be nearest to the centre. The pawl keeper disc is compressed between
the faces of the ratchet discs c on each side of it sufficiently to cause it to require
greater force to move it than the pulley B in revolving around the shaft. The pin b
connecting discs 2 of the pulley casing, is so placed with reference to the cam
notches that when it is at one end of the notch d³ through which it passes one of
the pawls will be raised and the other allowed to fall inward by these can notches,
and when the pin is at the other end of the notch d³ the one pawl will be lowered and
the other raised.
The operation of the mechanism is as follows: By turning the ring b¹ which carries
with it the discs these parts will revolve around the divided shaft S. S¹ in the
direction of the arrow (see Figures 15 and 16) until the pin has reached the end
of the notch ³ in pawl keeper disc ; in the meantime the shaft S, S¹, with its
attached discs c c and the pawl koeper disc have remained stationary because of the
friction of the wheels upon ground, which are attached to the outer ends of the
shaft S, S¹. This movement of the pulley around the internal parts however has
carried the upper cam-shaped notch a forward until the pin of its pawl has been
pressed inward as far as possible by the spring d³ carrying the pawl inward along with
it, and causing it to engage with one of the notches c¹ of the disc c.
ment however carried forward the lower cam-shaped notch 6 causing it to lift out the
lower corresponding pawl by means of its pin d so as to be entirely clear of the
ratchet teeth in dise e. When the pin has arrived at this position in the end of
the notch d³ of disc c³ it carries the latter disc along with it and the pawls d' on each
side as well, but those on the upper side being engaged with the notches c¹ of the
ratchet discs c carry the latter along with the pawls by positive driving power from
the pulley; but each disc c is attached rigidly to its member of the divided shaft S S¹
and therefore drives that.
The same move-
Since the pawl keeper disc e carries pawls on its opposite faces which will engage
at the same time in the manner above described with the notches of the ratchet discs c
on opposite sides of the pawl keeper discs, both members of the divided shaft will be
driven alike. In case, however, one of the wheels is retarded or runs slower than the
other, such other wheel with its member of the shaft S or S¹ and its attached ratchet
disc c will be free to run ahead of the driven disc c³, carrying the pawl d' which is
driving it, because the oppositely projecting pawl is held clear of the path of this
ratchet disc c, as shewn in Figure 16. Thus either of the wheels will be free to run
ahead of the other one without friction. In case it is desired to drive the wheels of
the tricyle in the oppose direction, the reversing of the motion of the pulley carries
the pin to the other end of the notch 3 lifts out of the path of the ratchet discs
the upper pawl (Figure 16) drops into the path of the ratchet dise the lower pawl d¹
which thus engages with the ratchet disc and drives the wheels in the opposite direc-
tion while allowing either one of them to travel faster than the other substantially as
hereinbefore described.
It is evident that the pulley B may be made fast to one member of the divided
shaft S S' in case it is desired to have only the other member of it capable of running

page_text: Taster than the puney and in that case only one of
Its corresponding
pawls on the face of the disc c need be used to accomplish the desired result.
Another form of my reverse acting clutch is shewn in Figures 21, 22, 23, 24, 25
and 26 wherein friction clutch balls or rollers are used instead of pawls to effect the
double action of the clutch mechanism as before described.
In the drawing.
Figure 21 is a side view of the said clutch with one of the side casing plates
removed to exhibit the internal construction.
Figure 22 is a transverse central section of the clutch on the line A X, A X of
Figure 21.
Figure 23 is a side view of one of the hardened rings detached which form bearings
for the friction balls which are the gripping agents.
Figure 24 is a section of the same on the line BX BX of Figure 23.
Figure 25 is an edge view of one of the encasing plates of the clutch and Figure 26
is a face view of the same.
This part of my improvements is designed to form a friction clutch as
distinguished from a pawl clutch so organised that when applied to the two adjacent
onds of a divided shaft, the gear or pulley of the clutch will drive both members of
the shaft positively and equally in either direction, but when either member of the
shaft races or runs ahead of the driven pulley, it is free to do so, as hereinafter
described. This construction allows the clutch to be applied to the divided shaft of a
tricycle, for instance, and to drive both wheels positively, while allowing one of the
wheels to race ahead of the other in turning corners &c., and to have its shaft again
seized and driven by the clutch instantly when the corner is turned with a friction
gripe and without backlash.
B is the pulley box enclosing the working parts. G is the outer gear of the clutch
by which the pulley box is driven from any suitable driving gear and chain strap in
the usual manner. This gear is formed on the outside of the ring g which forms the
outer band of the clutch box. The side plates of the box hh are bolted to the ring g
and have holes through their centres which form bearings on which they and ring g
revolve on the divided shaft S S. This shaft is divided in the middle of the clutch
and has the tricyle wheels mounted on the outer ends, which are well understood and
need no further description. The divided shaft is supported and revolves in suitable
boxes or bearings not shewn in the figures in the usual manner. On the inner and
adjacent ends of the parts S S¹ of the shaft are attached discs d d¹ disc d being on
the end of part S, and d¹ on S¹.
In the inner periphery of the ring garo made at intervals, around and opposite to
the edges of the discs & d¹ certain slots or notches, c, c, having their bottom faces
forming double inclined surfaces from the centre inwards towards the discs d d¹; that
is the part of each slot c most distant from the disc opposite will be the centre of the
bottom of the slot, and its bottom surface inclines inward each way from this centre
towards the disc. This forms with the outer surface of disc d or d a space between
it and the bottom surface of the slot in the form of a double wedge, into which if a
ball of suitable size is dropped in either direction it will clutch the ring g to the disc
and bind them together, so long as the motion of the ring g around the disc tends to hold
the ball in that position. By means of this double wedge shape of the opposite surface
of the ring g and disc d or d¹ a single ball 66 in each of the slots c c is made to clutch
the ring to the dise in either direction or in other words when the ring is moved around
the disc in either direction. If, however, the slots c c were so made that part of them
formed wedging surfaces in only one direction and part in the other direction about
discs d d¹ the same effect would be produced except that each ball would only clutch
the disc to the ring in one direction instead of both, and in this case the governor
ring would only have one pin p on the wedging side of the space in slot e instead of
two pins or two wedging sides as hereinafter described but such construction would
still be within the spirit of my invention.
Heretofore in describing the slots, cc, I have considered them as formed in the ring g
directly for the sake of clearness in the description, and they may be so formed and

page_text: perform the same functions as if in separate pieces of metal, because they must
always travel with ring 9. As it is evident however, that the wedging surfaces of the
slots c c must be subjected to considerable wear from the clutching action of the ball
against them, I have constructed the slots in separate rings VV which are of
hardened steel and let them into the inner periphery of ring g by a counterbore on
each side, in such a manner that when the face pieces are bolted in place they will
clamp the rings V V solidly to ring y. I thus provide a ready means of renewing the
slots cc, when unduly worn, without reconstructing ring g as well as ensure greater
durability in the slots. With the mechanism thus far described it is evident that the
inovement of the ring g in either direction will clutch it to both of the discs d d¹ and
drive the discs equally either way. It is further evident that if either of the discs d d'
be revolved in the same direction as the ring 7 and faster, the balls will clutch it to
the ring as soon as it has moved forward the breadth of a slot c. To prevent this
latter action of the balls I employ the following mechanism. Around both discs, d d¹,
at their line of division, I place the governor ring so adjusted as to embrace the
discs with a running fit and leave a slight space all round and between it and outer
ring. Through this ringe is driven transversely pins p³ which project outward on
each side nearly to the side plates into the slots cc, two pins entering each slot.
These pins are just so far apart that when ring is turned in one direction until the
pins p come against the shoulders of slots c on that side, the pins will prevent the
balls from clutching the ring g to disc d or on the opposite side of the slots, and
vice versa. In this position the shoulders of slots e carry the governor ring forward
with ring g in either direction.
Let us now suppose that the ring is revolved in the direction of the arrow in
Figure 21. The first movement will bring the parts into the position shewn in the
Figure around each disc d d¹, because governor ring and dises d d¹ will stand
still until the pins come against the shoulders of slots e c, as shewn. Further
movement of the ring in the same direction will cause the balls to drop into the
wedge shaped spaces on the side of pins and clutch the discs d d¹ to ring g and
carry them with the latter. The parts should so adapt themselves to each other that
the balls will clutch the discs just before they touch pins pp. If now one of the
discs dor d¹ race ahead of ring g the pins p¹ p¹ on that side of the governor ring will
prevent the balls from binding it to ring g and allow it perfect freedom of
movement.
I
By reversing the motion of ring pins ppl will be brought against the shoulders
of slots c c on their side and pins bb on the other side of the balls will perform the
same functions as pins pp did in the first instance. Thus we have an automatic
double acting friction clutch which will drive the wheels of a tricycle equally well
backward and forward and allow one wheel to race or run independently in turning
corners &c.
Instead of halls other suitably shaped clutching devices, as rollers or cams, may be
employed.
8
It is evident that the discs d d' merely serve as convenient enlargements of the
surfaces of shafts & ¹ for the balls bb to take a bearing upon, and that they could be
dispensed with, or reduced in size and the balls made to bear directly upon the
circumference of the shafts. It is also evident that one of the sets of balls may be
omitted and the side casingh attached directly to the shaft on that side, thus allowing
the other portion of the shaft alone to be operated by the clutch and governor
mechanism.
In carrying out the second branch of my invention, by which I provide for the
expansion or lengthening of the shaft of the tricycle, I employ the mechanisin shewn
in Figures 27 to 43 inclusive.
'
Figure 27 is a top view of a tricycle provided with improvements according to this
part of my invention the tricycle being shewn partly in section and with the seat,
treadle mechanism, and steering apparatus removed to better shew its working parts.
Figure 28 is a view of the same, except the steering wheel, with the wheels closed
or compressed together.

page_text: Figure 29 is an enlarged view of the main wheel expanding mechanism detached
and in its expanded position.
Figure 30 is a horizontal section through the same.
Figure 31 is a side view of the wheel and its expanding mechanism from the dotted
section line A A Figure 28.
Figure 32 is an enlarged view of the expanding mechanism applied to extend the
main wheel shaft instead of to extend the frame of the vehicle in its expanded
position.
Figures 33. 34. 36 and 37 are details of the same,
Figure 35 is a view of the same in its closed position, partly in section, shewing
how it is fastened in such closed position.
Figure 38 is a face view of the inner ring, which holds the members of the shaft
internally.
Figure 39 is an edge view of Figure 38.
Figure 40 is a face view of the outer ring, which is slipped over the shaft inembers
and coupled to the inner one.
Figure 41 is a sectional view of Figure 40 on the dotted line X X.
Figure 42 is a face view of the outer and inner rings coupled together in position
to secure the shaft extended.
Figure 43 is a section of Figure 42 through the dotted line Y Y.
The object of this branch of my improvements is to provide a means of expanding
the vehicle wheels to track in the smooth parts of the road or way, and also to allow
of its wheels being expanded apart lengthwise of the way to give them a longer
bearing and cause the vehicle to run easier. At the same time, when the wheels are
closed up, the vehicle occupies no more room than those now in use. My improve-
ments may also be employed to contract the tricycle from the dimensions necessary
for its practical use to shorter and narrower ones to facilitate its passing through
doors and narrow spaces in storing or shipping it.
It is found most convenient to construct the tricycle for use in cities and on paved
roads to track about thirty inches wide and about thirty-six long on the roadway. In
country roads, however, the wheel tracks of other vehicles are much wider-often as
wide as fifty-six inches-and as these are frequently the only parts of such roads
smooth enough for a tricycle to traverse, the rider cannot pass over them, and his
use of the machine is consequently practically confined to the paved streets of cities
and the comparatively few smooth roads in their vicinity. As the bicycle is not
confined to two tracks of a certain distance apart, it is not restricted in its use, and my
improvements are designed to enable the tricycle to traverse roads now impracticable
for it. When it is expanded to a wider track, however, it is also preferable that the
forward wheel be expanded farther from the one behind it in proportion, to give it a
longer and steadier bearing upon the road track, and I have also provided for this.
W, W, are the two large wheels of the tricycle and we is the small wheel. F is the
tubular frame of the machine, which is provided with struts or bridging-pieces
forming an open connection between its two ends around the sprocket wheel and clutch
mechanism in the ordinary and well-known manner. This sprocket wheel is driven
by the treadles and a chain belt in the ordinary way, and with the clutch is attached
to the hollow shafts, which is divided within the clutch in the manner shown in the
preceding parts of this specification to allow the wheels to revolve independently in
turning corners; but any other well-known differential gear mechanisin may be
employed for the purpose. Any other well-known form of frame may be used,
instead of a tubular one, surrounding the wheel shaft, if desired.
To the frame F is attached the arm made of tubular steel, which carries the
steering wheel c at its outer end. The wheel c¹ is attached to the tubular shafts at
one end, and this shaft revolves in suitable bearings in the frame F. At the other
end of the frame from arm is attached to it the disc d and in the outer edge of this
disc are formed four equidistant notches or slots, in which are pivoted four rods d' d',
of equal length and of about one half. the length to which it is desired to expand
wheel w¹ outward. These rods d' are so pivoted in the disc d that they will swing

page_text: freely from a position nearly radial to shafts to a position nearly parallel to it, and
projecting out from it, as shown in Figure 27. At their outer ends the rods d¹ d¹
are pivoted to the ends of four other rods dd, which are of about the same length,
and are in turn pivoted at their opposite ends to the disc d³ in the same manner as
rods d' are pivoted in disc d, thus forming of the several pairs of rods and the discs
what are known as "lazy_tongs." These lazy-tongs form when expanded a skeleton
extension of the frame F, and are capable of closing up to the position shown in
Figures 28 and 31 when they stand radially to the frame and allow disc d³ to be
drawn inward nearly to disc d. It will be observed that at every point in the path
of their expansion or contraction they hold the centre of disc din line with the
centre of shafts and thus preserve the axial relation of wheel W which is supported
by disc d³ to the driving shaft. Disc & carries in it (see Figure 30) a ball bearing
of the ordinary construction, fitted to bear upon the shaft and support it. This
shaft is made to slide in and out through the shaft s, and is fixed in the hub of
wheel W. It has in one side of it a longitudinal groove, (shown in dotted lines in
Figure 30) into which the pin p fixed in shaft projects, which allows of and governs
the necessary longitudinal movement of shaft in shafts, while causing the former
to be driven by the latter. Thus, when the disc d³ is expanded outward, it carries
wheel W with shaft s¹ with it keeping them always in axial position to shafts and
preventing any cramping or disarrangement of the parts.
S
In order to arrest the expanding movement of the lazy-tongs d₁, d, at the proper
point and secure them in that position, I mount upon the shaft s¹ loosely a disc d
somewhat larger than discs d d³, and form in its edge four equidistant notches n¹ n¹
of proper size to receive and hold snugly the joints of each pair of rods d¹ d², where
they are pivoted together as they are drawn inward toward shaft s¹ by the expansion
of the rods.
As the rods are expanded the disc d' is slid along on shaft s¹ and turned
so as to bring these notches under the joints of the rods to seat the latter in them and
the projections of the joints fit into recesses in the bottom of the notches, as shown in
Figure 30. In order to secure the several described parts in this position, a screw-
thread is formed on the circumference of the disc d and a sleeve ring E, having a
corresponding screw-thread on its inner face, is slid along over the outside of the
rods d d and screwed over the disc d, thus confining and binding them in place in
their notches in the disc. The sleeve-ring E is so constructed as to bind upon the
outsides of the jointed rods firmly when screwed up to place, as shown in Figures
27 and 30.
It is evident that other means may be employed to hold the jointed rods in place in
the disc d' as for instance, a series of dogs set in the edge of the disc and swinging
forward over the joints of the rods and held there by set screws the main thing
being the jointed rods and the disc d trussing them at their uniting joints as
described, and various means can be employed to secure the rods in the disc d'.
This construction forms a very light and strong extension of the frame F of the
tricycle and a second seat may be secured to the sleeve-ring E or disc d*, when it
is expanded, forming a "sociable" so-called.
When it is desired to close up the tricyle the ring E is unscrewed and slid back
over the tubular frame F, and the jointed rods are folded up into the position shown
in Figures 28 and 31, the shaft s telescoping into the shafts and the disc d' sliding
inward between discs d and d³ as shown. To hold the parts in this position the
following mechanism is employed: Disc d³ projects outward beyond the points where
the rods d² d² are pivoted and carries on its outer edge a tubular sleeve E² which just
fits over the sleeve-ring E. Slots d are cut through this extension of disc d³ and
sleeve E to allow the rods the necessary movement in folding up and expanding
and on the inside of sleeve E2 is formed a screw thread which engages with one
formed on the outside of ring E. When the tricycle is closed up, the sleeve E
projects past both rods d² and d¹ and the sleeve-ring E is brought up and screwed
inside of sleeve E² until its edge bears against the rods d' d' and binds the whole
firmly together. A bolt with a head large enough to overlap on the hub of wheel W¹
may however, be screwed into the end of shaft s' which enters that wheel when the
B 2

page_text: tricycle is closed up, thus holding the parts together in substantially the same manner
as shown in Figure 35 for the modification hereinafter described.
When the tricycle is expanded, as hereinbefore described, it is found advantageous
to expand the steering wheel w farther forward and away from the wheel W. To
accomplish this readily I form the hollow tubular arm which carries the wheel w
curved towards its outer end from frame F in such an arc that its axis prolonged
will cut a right line passed through the rims of wheels Wand w at the point where
the wheel wo is to be adjusted when closed up, and again at the point where it is to
be adjusted to when it is expanded. I then provide a rod f' which fits the bore of
the arm, so as to slide freely therein and is curved to correspond with it. The latter
rod carries at its outer end the pivot w' on which the sleeve we turns the latter being
attached to a yoke or fork, each side of which extends down to the axle on each side
of wheel wo in the usual manner but such yoke or fork is not shown, as its construction
is well understood. The outer end of arm is split, and has a screw-thread turned on
its outside surface, over which is screwed the nut f, the threads being cut on a
tapering surface, so that the screwing up of the nut will clamp hollow arm fonto
rod firmly. By loosening this nut and sliding rod floutward the wheel w
will be carried outward until the curved rod brings it to track again with
wheel W, when by screwing up the nut fit will be secured in that 'position' farther
from wheel W¹. The curved part of arm f may be inclined downward and made to
cut a given horizontal line at these same two points of adjustment of wheel or all
the downward inclination may be given to arm fin the straight position between
frame F and its curved part, as here. shown, if desired. Although I prefer this
curved form of arm fand rod f¹ to expand wheel w I do not confine my invention to
it, as the rod may be curved at the outer end to bring wheel w into line with wheel w
and the arm may be straight, with a straight part of the rod sliding back and forth
in it.
.
Figures 32, 33, 34, 35, 36 and 37 show the same expansion mechanism applied to
the shaft instead of the frame of the tricycle. In this modification the collar dis
secured directly to the shafts which is shown as made solid and provided with a
suitable bearing in that end of frame F. The collar is made fast to the shaft in
such a position as to allow the end of the latter to project through discs d d¹ d³ into
the hub of the wheel. When the extension is closed, as shown in Figure 35, the
disc d is secured firmly to the hub by brazing. The rods d² are made shorter than
the rods d so that when they are closed up they will incline into the wheel between
its spokes and as they revolve with the wheel be out of the way of the rider. When
the rods d d are expanded and contracted, they cause the disc d³ to carry the wheel
outward and inward with it in substantially the same manner as when the wheel is
attached. to this disc by its shaft and bearing as first described. When the rods are
expanded they may be held in place in disc d', substantially as before described and
when they are contracted they are held in place by the bolt O, which is provided
upon its inner end with a corresponding thread tapped in a hole in the end of shaft s,
as shown in dotted lines in Figure 35.
As in the mechanisma first described, the wheel will be supported in line with the
shafts at every point in its path of expansion.
In Figures 36 and 37 I have, however shown, modifications of the disc d and of
the outer ring E, which enable either one to be used without the other to support the
jointed rods d³, d. In these modifications the series of notches which receive the
jointed rods are made in the outer edge of disc d' or in the inner edge of an inwardly
projecting flange of collar E in the shape of what is known as a "bayonet-joint," so that
when the rods are introduced into the notches the disc or collar may be turned and
lock them into the L-shaped part of the notch. Each notch is provided with a set
screw o arranged to bring its end or side to bear upon the jointed rods when screwed
up and clamp them beneath the locking part of the notch firmly. By means of
suitable shoulders formed upon the rods d'd and which may be made to bear against
the faces of the discs ddd when the rods are expanded all play or movement of
the pivots by which the rods are held together or attached to the discs d dª¨can be

page_text: avoided, and the extention of the shaft be made practically rigid; but I do not
consider such shoulders essential to accomplish that result. Such shoulders may also
be so formed and proportioned as to abut solidly together, (when the requisite amount
of expansion has taken place) at the ends of the rods d' d², and the disc d' may thus
be dispensed with to arrest their expansion, and a collar or sleeve like E be then
driven over their outside surfaces to hold them in that position but I prefer the disc
as it forms a strut to strengthen the rods at their central point. It is also evident
that the discs d³ may be dispensed with, and the jointed rods d' d² pivotted directly
to the frame F or shafts at one end and to the wheel W at the other without
departing from the principles of construction of said rods.
Figures 38 to 43 inclusive represent a modification of the rings for joining and
locking the inner disc d and outer collar E over the expanded shaft or frame. d is
the inner clamping ring having notches 'n' in its outer edge into which the joints of
the lazy-tongs forming each shaft member are clamped when unfolded. On the edge
of the ring d I form a worm gear W8, on one side of which a shallow notch We of
considerable length is cut near one of the notches ². On opposite sides of the
ring. I cut two other notches == through its outer edge.
E is the outer ring, which instead of being formed with an internal-screw thread as
described in the preceding part of this specification is made with its central hole or
cavity large enough to just slip over the outside of ring d. The inner edge of
ring E has made in it four shallow notches, c c and is bevelled off on the same side
of each of these notches as shown at c¹ c', thus forming cam shaped surfaces to bind
the articulated members of the extensible shaft into the notches n³n¹ of the inner ring,
as hereinafter described.
On one edge of ring E the studs or stop pieces o¹o³ project inward sufficiently
to abut against one face of the inner ring d', and near the other end the pins p¹ pl are
fixed so as to correspond with the notches in the inner ring projecting radially
inward a sufficient distance to pass through the notches. The pins p¹p and studs o¹ o¹
are a sufficient distance apart to allow the thickness of ring d* to just pass between them.
On one side of exterior periphery of ring E between studs W3 Ws formed on it,
is attached the worm W so as to project through a slot cut through the ring, as
shown in Figure 41 inward beyond the inner face of the ring, opposite to the slot Wo
in ring when pins pp register with notches. The worm W' is 'fixed on the
shaft W which revolves in bearings in the studs to to, and has one end projecting
beyond the studs and squared to receive a wrench or key to revolve it.
The fastening device is used as follows:-The ring E is placed over the non-
extensible part of the shaft or frame of the vehicle, as described hereinbefore and the
ring within the same. When the shaft or frame is unfolded and the several lazy-
tongs approach each other, the ring E is slipped along over them, so as to bring
thom into the notches cc and press them inward. At the same time the ring d is
placed within them so as to bring the notches n'n' opposite to them and the
notches == opposite to pins pp and the notch w opposite to worm W. As the
joints of the lazy-tongs forming the extension are pressed into notches n'n' the
ring E is slipped over ring the pins pp passing through notches zz and worm. W
through notch W sideways until the studs o'o bear against ring d. Ring E is
now turned slightly on ring d and the worm W2 revolved, bringing them into the
position shown in Figure 42 by the engagement of the worm with worm gear W
This brings the bevelled surfaces c¹e of the outer ring to bear upon the joints of the
lazy-tongs in notches ¹¹ clamping them inward, and by continuing to turn the
worm W they may be forced on to these joints with any desired degree of pressure.
By reversing the action of the worm notches ec in the outer ring will be brought over
notches n' n of the inner one, pins ppl and worm W2 opposite to notches == and W
respectively and the outer ring may be slipped off of the inner one and along to the
non-extensible part of the machine out of the way, and the shaft or frame be folded
up, as above described.
The chief merits of this fastening device are its powers and simplicity and the
rapidity with which it can be used, as well as lightness and strength.

page_text: One pin p' and notch z may be employed instead of two, or one stud o¹.
Instead of a worm and gear, a screw or lever may be used to revolve the rings
upon one another, or the rings may be revolved by hand; but I prefer the device
described.
In carrying out the third part of my invention by which I provide for lightening
and stiffening the shafts, braces rods and rims of wheels of bicycles and tricycles.
employ the means shewn in Figures 44, 45 46 and 47. Figure 44 represents a
transverse section of a portion of a solid brace or shaft constructed according to this
third part of my invention. Figure 45 is a longitudinal central section of the same.
Figure 46 is a transverse vertical section of a portion of a hollow brace or shaft
constructed according to my invention.
Figure 47 is a longitudinal vertical section of the same.
It has been heretofore found that in the construction of the frames and shafting of
bicycles and tricycles great advantage results from the employment of hollow drawn
tubing, preferably of steel, instead of solid rods, as while the strength of the brace or
shaft is somewhat reduced the weight is reduced in a vastly greater proportion. Such
hollow steel tubes, however, when the shell is drawn down below a certain thickness,
while strong enough to perform the work required, become deficient in stiffness, the
ductility which enables them to be drawn being too great, and when they begin to
bend the strain of the load is too great for the strength of the metal, although in its
original position it was ample. Even when such steel tubes are drawn only to a
thickness which is considered safe some of them being more ductile than others bend
and become useless in the machine, thus causing great expense in refitting and
replacing them. This branch of my invention is intended to remedy this evil; and
it consists essentially in the discovery that sulphur can be combined with the metallic
shell of a tubular brace or shaft in a molten state in the form of a core, so as to
adhere to the metal and become substantially a unit therewith, and that this core,
while possessing great rigidity, is elastic within certain limits,, which allows it to
spring with the shell of the brace or shaft, so as not to be separated therefrom under
sudden shock or blows. This sulphur core is also extremely light, being nearly
one-fourth of the weight of steel of the same cubical quantity. It is found for
instance, that a metal tube drawn down to the thickness of about one sixty-fourth of
one inch and provided with a sulphur-core as specified will resist more than ten
times the weight before bending that the same tube will without the core, and that
it can be repeatedly sprung and return to its original position without sensibly
impairing its rigidity.
L represents the shell of a metal tube designed for a shaft or brace in a bicycle
or tricycle. K is the sulphur core. This core is formed by melting the ordinary
stick sulphur or brimstone of commerce and pouring it in a molten state into the
tube, having one end stopped up, and allowing it to cool and set in place, the inside
of the tube being first cleaned to remove all grease, dirt and extraneous matter.
The cooling of the tube and core will set their abutting surfaces so firmly together
that the core cannot be forced out of a tube of any considerable length with any
ordinary amount of force.
In Figures 46 and 47 is represented a hollow brace or shaft formed with a
sulphur core of the outside shell L. In this construction I provide an internal
metallic tube J of proper size to leave an annular space between it and the outer
shell L. Into this space I pour the molten sulphur as before, and when cool it will
be found to have so firmly united the outer and inner metallic shells that they can
be turned, bored or worked in a lathe without being separated by the strain.
If it is desired to vary the hardness or elasticity of the sulphur core, it may be
done, by melting with it, before pouring into the tube, a small amount of colophony
or some similar resin-say three ounces to the pound of sulphur; but any greater or
smaller proportion can be used, as desired.
The fourth part of my invention is carried out in the manner shown in Figures 48
to 68 inclusive.
Figure 48 is a side view of a ball bearing constructed according to my invention.

page_text: Figure 49 is a transverse section of the same on line CC of Figure 48.
Figure 50 is a transverse section of the same in the opposite direction on the
line A' A' of Figure 49.
Figure 51 is a side view of one of the annular bearings removed.
Figure 52 is a transverse section of the same on the line S7 S' of Figure 51.
Figure 53 shows in side view a modification of the form shown in Figure 48.
Figure 54 is a transverse section of Figure 53 on the line E' E'.
Figure 55 is a side view of another modication of the invention.
Figure 56 is a transverse section of Figure 55 on the line D' D'.
Figure 57 is a side view of one of the ring bearings of Figure 59 removed.
Figure 58 is a form of roller which may be used in place of the balls shown in the
preceding modifications.
Figure 59 is a side view of one of my ball-bearings complete, illustrating another
modification.
Figure 60 is a transverse section of the same upon the shaft.
Figure 61 is a side view of the outer clamping ring.
Figure 62 is an edge view of the same.
Figure 63 is a side-view of the outer ball-bearing ring.
Figure 64 is a section on the same on line X X of Figure 63.
Figure 65 is a side-view of the removable portion of the ring.
Figure 66 is an end view of the same.
Figure 67 is a side view of the outer covering ring.
Figure 68 is an end view of the same.
In Figures 48 to 58 F is the shaft which is to be supported and revolves in the
bearing. This shaft has an enlargement secured upon it, on the exterior of which is
cut a screw thread. A collar is formed in two parts a a' and with a V-shaped groove
cut in its periphery large enough for the balls to roll in, and the two parts are screwed
firmly against each other upon the enlargement after the balls are inserted into the
bearing between them, as shown. Another collar b, having a corresponding V-shaped
groove around its internal face forms the bearing in the box for the balls c c to roll
in. This latter collar is fitted to be closed to a greater or less degree around the balls
by having a slot cut through it on one side, separating the ends formed on each
side of the slot by a given space. By compression of the casing or holder around
ring it will be reduced in diameter and take up the portion worn away by the balls
from the sides of its V-shaped groove in use, and the bearing will be rendered
adjustable. Instead, however of cutting the slot transversely across the face of
this V-shaped groove and substantially parallel to the axis of the shaft, as heretofore,
1 cut it across diagonally as shown in Figure 52, so as to bring one part of it into
contact with the balls earlier or in advance of the other part. Instead of each ball,
as it passes over the slot, dropping down into it, as would be the case if it crossed the
path of the ball, transversely, the part of the bearing-surface of the ball which first
meets the slot bridges over that part of the latter, while the larger part of the entire
ball bearing surface (not having reached the slot) is sustained by the continuous
surface of the V-shaped groove, and the ball cannot, therefore drop into or be affected
by the small part of the slot thus beneath it. As the ball rolls onward it continually
brings a new portion of the slot beneath it and as continually leaves a corre-
sponding portion behind, and is thus always supported by so large an unbroken part
of the V-shaped.groove beneath it in proportion to the part of the slot it is passing
over that crosses the latter without any sensible jar or disturbance on that account.
I thus provide an adjustable ball bearing which has all the advantages of being closed
radially inward to adjust it, and therefore always remains in exactly the same position
upon the shaft F longitudinally without any disadvantage from the presence of the
slot necessary to accomplish this cut across its surface. It is obvious that the slot
need not be cut exactly in a diagonal right line through the ring to accomplish
this result, as it may consist of two diagonals joined, or of a series of short transverse
parts connected by circumferential divisions of the ring which slide past or upon each
other to close the space between the transverse parts of it in adjusting the bearing,

page_text: it being only essential that it shall be arranged so that the ball shall pass over
different parts of the slot successively, and he continually supported by the unbroken
surface of the bearing part of the ring lying on one or both sides of the different
parts of the slot and thus preventing it from dropping down into the latter, as it
would if the slot were cut square across the ring.
In order to provide means for compressing the ring bin a true circle, which is.
important in a ball or roller bearing, I provide a holder for it as follows:-The ring >>
is placed in a collar d which has a screw thread cut around its circumference and
rests against a plate on one side of the latter, which extends radially inward past the
outside of the ring a and thus protects the bearing from dust and dirt. Outside the
ring b, and between it and the inner circumference of the collar d is inserted the
tubular-shaped wedge, d¹, which also has a dust-protecting plate attached to its
thickest end projecting radially inward. A sleeve nut has an annular flange
projecting radially inward past the outer end of the wedge d¹ and screws over the
collar d. By screwing up the sleeve-nut d the wedge will be forced inward and
compress the ring b around the balls.
In order to prevent the ring from turning in collar d, I cut four notches & in its
periphery and pass the bolts through the collar and the flange plate of wedge d'
and these slots; but these are chiefly useful before the ring is worn sufficiently to
require much pressure upon wedge d¹. An ear. piece d' is secured by bolts to the
collar d and serves to attach it to any suitable fixed support.
Figures 53 and 54 show another form of constructing collar d to confine and
compress slotted ring b. The collar d is formed with a groove or channel all around
its internal circumference fitted to receive and hold ring and has a slot d' cut
through one side of it, and an ear d³ on each side of the slot. Through these ears
passes the screw bolt d, provided with a head outside of one ear and a nut outside of
the other, by screwing up which the collar d is compressed upon the ring b and the
bearing is adjusted. The ring is inserted into collar d by springing the latter open
before the bolt d is inserted in place.
Figures 55, 56 and 57 show the application of my improvement to the inner
V-faced ball bearing ring instead of the outer one. In this construction a a¹ become
the outer rings and are secured together by bolts a² a². The inner ring is provided
with the diagonal slot across the V shaped groove in its outer circumference, and
is placed around the shaft enlargement f, resting on one face against the collar,
shrunk onto the enlargement after the ring is put on. The tubular wedge d¹ is made
small enough to embrace the enlargement f and is provided with an internal screw-
thread to fit the latter, and its thinner end enters within a chamber formed in the
inner circumference of collar and around the enlargement, as shown, to receive it,
so that the outer surface of the wedge bears against the ring internally. By screwing
up the wedged (it being formed with a square enlargement on its outer end to
facilitate this) it is forced within the ring band expands it against the balls.
It will be observed that the ball-bearing surfaces of the V-shaped grooves in the
rings a, a, and are rounded out slightly to fit the balls. The breadth of these
rounded out parts transversely in the ring b should be greater than the breadth of
the diagonal slot in the same direction. This will effectually prevent the ball from
being affected by the diagonal slots in passing over it.
Instead of round balls, rollers of cylinders such as shown in Figure 58 may be
employed the bearing grooves of the rings a a' being made: to conform to its shape
and allow it to roll therein in the usual manner, and the diagonal slot will operate
the same with them. Figures 59 to 68 inclusive show a modification of the clamping
devices for introducing, clamping and securing the balls or rollers into the grooved
rings.
In these figures F is the shaft which is to revolve within the ball bearing. d is the
outer clamping-ring provided with a hole ds, through an ear upon one side of it, to
allow the bearing to be bolted to the part of the frame of the machine, which sustains
the bearing. This outer ring is split upon one side and has two cars dd on each
side of the split portion, with. a hole transversely through them, in which a screw

page_text: bolt d' is screwed. The point end of the bolt enters a thread in the corresponding ear
in the usual manner, and closes the ears d d together, to clamp the outer ball
bearing ring, more or less upon the balls. Within the ring d is placed the outer ball-
bearing ring b. This ring has a V-shaped groove cut around its periphery to inclose
the balls, and a section 6 corresponding in shape to the ring, fits into a slot b¹ in one
side of the ring which is cut in it wide enough to receive one of the balls through it.
The purpose of this slot is to allow the balls to be readily removed and replaced
without removing the bearing from the shaft, and in order to facilitate adjustment of
the ring upon the balls the section is made somewhat shorter than the slot b' into
which it fits as shown in dotted lines in Figure 59.
+
After the outer ball-bearing b is slipped within the clamping ring d two side
covering rings c c are placed against the faces of the rings d, b, and the segment 63,
and secured in place by screws e c¹ threaded into holes cc in ring b passing through
holes in the covering rings e³, thus excluding all dust and dirt from the bearing
and holding the section or segment b in line with the ring.
In order to allow of the adjustment of the ball-bearing by screwing or unscrewing
the screw without removing any of the parts, the holes through the face-covering
rings are made larger than the shanks of the screws c" which pass through them, as
shown in dotted lines in Figure 59 and by slightly loosening these screws the turning
of the screw d compresses the outer clamping ring d, more or less upon the outer
ball bearing ring, b and closes the latter more or less upon the balls, when the
screws c¹ may be tightened, and the face-covering rings c drawn closely against the
other parts of the bearing, as shown.
A groove is made in an enlargement upon the shaft, for the purpose of receiving
the balls, as shown in Figure 60.
In order to adjust this bearing upon the shaft I first slip the ring over the groove
and introduce the balls through the slot into the groove on the shaft and the
surrounding groove of the ring b until they are filled, the last ball being in the lower
side of the slot b¹. I then insert the segment 62 in place in its slot. I then slip over
the ring band segment the outer clamping ring d. I next screw on each face the
covering ring without turning up its screws e quite tight. I then screw up the
screw closing the rings d and over the balls until they are properly adjusted,
when by screwing home the screws c¹ the operation is completed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent I declare that what I claim is :-
:-
First In combination with the shafts S S¹, the two discs B¹ B', revolving freely
thereon and provided with ratchet teeth ee; and the clutches CC, attached to and
capable of sliding longitudinally upon said shafts, each provided with the corre
sponding ratchet teeth cc, and suitable mechanism for pressing the clutches against
the discs, substantially as described.
Second-In combination, the shafts S S¹, the discs B¹ B¹, provided with ratchet
teeth e e the clutches CC, provided with corresponding ratchet teeth c c, and a single
spring bearing with equal pressure outwardly upon said clutches substantially as
described.
Third In combination with the shafts S S¹, provided with angling splines s' s¹,
the longitudinally-moving clutches CC, provided with corresponding angling grooves,
d and with ratchet teeth cc, and the revolving discs B'B', provided with corresponding
ratchet teeth, substantially as described.
Fourth In combination with the revolving box B, formed with teeth bb around
its periphery and with ratchet teeth e e on its internal faces, the shafts S S¹, and the
longitudinally sliding clutches CC attached thereto and provided with corresponding
ratchet teeth e, e, substantially as described.
and
Fifth-The combination of the shafts S S', the discs B' B', provided with ratchet
teeth ee the longitudinally moving clutches CC, provided with similar teeth, cc,
having the length of space on said shafts between them over which they are capable
C

page_text: of moving either singly or simultaneously toward each other less than the depth of the
ratchet teeth of both said clutches, substantially as described.
Sixth In combination with the discs B B', provided with ratchet teeth e e the
clutches CC, provided with corresponding teeth c c, and the shafts S S¹, one of which
is provided with a socket and the other with a projection revolving and taking a
bearing in said socket, substantially as described.
Seventh In combination with the discs B¹ B', the shafts S S³, splines s¹¹,
and collars d d substantially as described.
Eighth In combination with two sets of clutch teeth, one of each sets attached to
a member of the divided shaft S S¹, the governor ring or band c, surrounding and
embracing the periphery of both sets simultaneously, substantially as described.
:-
Ninth The combination of shaft S, ratchet ?, box B, carrying two oppositely
inclined pawls, p p and a pawl keeper, adapted to alternately release one pawl or
the other from the ratchet as the box is revolved in one direction or the other
substantially as described.
Tenth The combination of shaft S, ratchet r, box B, carrying one or more gravity
pawls p and a pawl keeper c, adapted to move the pawl or pawls out of the path of
the ratchet teeth when brought against the pawl by the rotation of the box, and to
revolve with the latter as such rotation is continued, substantially as described.
Eleventh-The combination of shaft S, ratchet box B, carrying two or more
pairs of oppositely inclined pawls ? p', and pawl keeper c, adapted to release each set
of pawls p or p' alternately from the ratchet as the box is revolved in one direction or
the other, substantially as described.
Twelfth-The combination of shaft S, ratchet r, box B carrying two or more
oppositely inclined gravity pawls pp and a pawl keeper c adapted to alternately move
the pawls out of the path of the ratchet teeth when brought against them by the
rotation of the box in opposite directions, and to revolve in either direction with the
latter as the rotation is continued, substantially as described.
Thirteenth-The combination of shafts S S¹, ratchets connected to them,
respectively, box B, carrying two or more pawls pp opposite to and engaging with
the ratchets, respectively, and the pawl keeper common to the pawls of each ratchet,
and adapted to move said pawls out of the paths of their respective ratchet-teeth when
brought against them by the rotation of the box, substantially as described.
Fourteenth-The combination of the shafts S S¹, ratchets rr, connected to them
respectively, box B carrying two or more pairs of oppositely inclined pawls p P²,
engaging with the ratchets respectively, and the pawl-keeper c, common to the pawls
of each ratchet, and adapted to alternately move said pawls p or p¹ out of the paths of
their respective ratchet teeth when brought against them by the rotation of the box in
opposite directions, substantially as described.
Fifteenth The combination of the shafts S S¹, dises C C¹³, connected thereto
respectively, and each having a cylindrical portion and attached ratchet box B,
carrying two or more pawls p p₁ engaging with the ratchets, respectively, and the
common pawl-keeper c, revolving around the peripheries of discs C C², and adapted
to move out of the paths of their respective ratchet teeth when brought against them
by the rotation of the box substantially as described.
Sixteenth -The combination of the shafts S S₁ dises CC, connected thereto,
respectively, and each having a cylindrical portion and attached ratchet r, box B,
carrying two or more pairs of oppositely-inclined pawls p p', engaging with the
ratchets, respectively, and the common pawl-keeper es, revolving around the peripheries
of discs CC, and adapted to alternately move said pawls p or p² out of the paths of
their respective ratchet teeth when brought against them by the rotation of the box in
opposite directions, substantially as described.
Seventeenth -The combination of shafts S S₁ ratchets rr, connected to them
respectively, box B, carrying opposite one of said ratchets one or more pairs of
oppositely-inclined engaging-pawls pp', and opposite the other of said ratchets one or
inore engaging-pawls p, and the pawl-keeper c adapted to support the pawl or pawls pl
out of the path of their ratchet teeth when brought against them by the rotation of

page_text: the box, and to be locked in that position by the pawl or pawls p of the opposite ratchet
substantially as described.
Eighteenth-The combination of shafts S S¹, ratchets r connected to them,
respectively, box B carrying opposite said ratchets, respectively, two or more pairs of
oppositely-inclined engaging-pawls p p², and the pawl-keeper e adapted to support
alternately the pawls p or p¹ out of the path of their respective ratchet-teeth when
brought against them by the rotation of the box B, and to be locked in either position
by the opposite pawl or pawls p' or p, substantially as described.
Nineteenth-The combination of shafts S S¹ ratchet », connected to shaft S, box B,
carrying opposite said ratchet one or more pairs of oppositely projecting engaging-
pawls ppl, a pawl-keeper.c adapted to support one of said pawls out of the path of its
ratchet teeth when brought against it by the rotation of the box and mechanism
connected to the opposite shaft S', and adapted to automatically lock said pawl-keeper
in said supporting position, substantially as described.
Twentieth-The combination of shafts S S¹, carrying discs C C¹, attached thereto,
respectively each provided with ratchet teeth, the pawl-keeper rotating around
and overlaping said discs and having a limited rotary motion within the box B, by
which it is carried around, the box Brevolving around said dises and pawl-keeper, and
pawls p or pl governed by the limited motion of said pawl-keeper into or out of
ongagement with said ratchet teeth, substantially as described.
Twenty-first:-The combination of the shafts S S¹, carrying discs C C¹, attached
thereto, respectively, each provided with ratchet teeth r ", and the single box B, adapted
to be rotated by mechanism applied to its exterior surface, and carrying two sets of
gravity pawls, por p', adapted to engage with the ratchet teeth of said discs, substan-
tially as described.
Twenty-second-The combination of shafts S S¹, carrying discs provided with
ratchet teeth and attached thereto respectively and the single box B, adapted to be
rotated by mechanism applied to its exterior surface and carrying two sets of teeth or
pawls adapted to engage with the ratchet teeth of said discs, substantially as described.
Twenty-third :-The combination of the divided shaft S S¹, one or more discs c
attached thereto each provided with pawl-teeth fitted to hold against the pawls in
opposite directions, a single pawl keeper disc c provided on one or both its faces with
corresponding oppositely inclined pawls d' d', and a driving pulley part B connected
to said disc d by a coupling, permitting a limited independent movement of the same
back and forth and provided with lifting devices adapted to alternately raise and drop
said pawls into their pawl teeth, as the said pulley is revolved in one direction or the
other, substantially as described.
Twenty-fourth-The combination of divided shaft S S¹, pulley B formed of ring b₁
and side discs 2 62 enclosing the other parts, one or more discs c attached to said shafts
within said pulley and each provided with pawl teeth fitted to hold against the pawls
in opposite directions, a pawl keeping disc c within said pulley provided with.
corresponding oppositely inclined pawls d' d' on one or both sides of it, and connected
to said pulley by a coupling, permitting a limited independent movement of the latter
back and forth, and lifting devices attached to the latter internally and adapted to
alternately raise and drop said pawls into their pawl teeth as said pulley is revolved in
one direction or the other, substantially as described.
Twenty-fifth-The combination of divided shaft SS', one or more discs e provided
with pawl teeth fitted to hold against the pawls in opposite directions, a single pawl
keeping disc provided with notch and with corresponding oppositely inclined
pawls dd, on one or both sides of it, having pins dd, and with one or more
springs and the driving pulley B provided with pin and cam slots ³ ³ in one or
both of its discs substantially as described.
Twenty-sixth-The combination of divided shaft S S¹, discs ce provided with pawl
teeth fitted to hold against the pawls in opposite directions a single disc c² provided
with notch and with corresponding oppositely inclined pawls dd on both sides of
it having pins d d and with springs do, and the driving pulley B, provided with
pin 67 and cam slots 6° 6° in the faces of its disc substantially as described.
12

page_text: Twenty-seventh-The combination of the divided shaft S S', provided with suitable
clutch bearing surfaces, the independent sets of balls bb arranged opposite to and
around each portion of the shaft, and the common ring g surrounding both shafts and
provided with oppositely inclined cam-shaped surfaces adapted to engage with said
balls and drive said divided shaft in either direction, substantially as described.
Twenty-eighth-The combination of the divided shaft S S¹, provided with suitable
clutch bearing surfaces, the independent sets of balls bb arranged opposite to and
around each portion of the shaft, the governor ring es provided with two or more
pins or projectings p p¹ and the driving ring g provided with two or more cam-shaped
surfaces corresponding with said pins, that is to say, the cam-shaped surfaces
corresponding to pins p being inclined in one direction and the cam-shaped surfaces
corresponding to pins p¹ being inclined in the opposite direction, substantially as
described.
€6
Twenty-ninth-The combination of the divided shaft S S³, provided with suitable
clutch bearing surfaces, the independent sets of balls bb arranged opposite to and
around each portion of the divided shaft, the governor ring provided with two or
more pins or projections p p¹, and the driving ring 9 provided with one or more double
can-shaped slots c corresponding to and receiving said balls and pins, substantially
as described.
Thirtioth The combination of divided shaft S S¹ driving ring g, an automatic
friction clutch mechanism between said shaft and ring adapted to clutch the latter to
one or both portions of said divided shaft when revolved either way, and an automatic
governor mechanism operating upon said clutch and adapted to allow the division or
divisions of said shaft operated on by it to race ahead of said driving ring, and in the
same direction of revolution, substantially as described.
Thirty-first-The combination of shaft S₁ provided with a clutch bearing surface,
one or more balls barranged around and upon said surface, the governor ring provided
with two or more pins or projections p p adapted to be alternately brought against
said ball or balls to control its movements with said shaft bearing surface and the
driving ring g, provided with one or more double cam-shaped slots c within which said
balls are located, substantially as described.
Thirty-second-The combination of shaft S provided with a clutch bearing surface,
balls arranged around and upon said surface, the governor ring c³ provided with
pins or projections p p', and the driving ring 9 provided with two or more cam-shaped
surfaces corresponding to said pins; that is to say, each cam-shaped surface
corresponding to a pin p being inclined in one direction and each corresponding to a
pin p being inclined in the opposite direction, substantially as described.
Thirty-third The combination of divided shaft S S¹, each division being provided
with an clargement d d the balls bb, the governor ring e provided with pins p p',
governing the movements of said balls, and the driving ring 9 provided with cam-
shaped slots c, c, adapted to bear upon said balls and clutch said ring and members of
the divided shaft together substantially as described.
Thirty-fourth-The combination of shaft section S provided with a clutch bearing
surface, driving, ring 9, provided with one or more inclined surfaces forming wedge-
shape spaces with relation to such shaft surface, one or more balls b, between said shaft
surface and said ring adapted to fall into said wedge-shaped space or spaces and clutch
said shaft and ring together, and governor ring e provided with one or more pius,
projecting into said wedge-shaped space or spaces and adapted to move from and
towards the widest end thereof, and permit or prevent the ball or balls from falling
into the same, substantially as described.
Thirty-fifth-The combination of the divided shaft S S¹, a single driving ring g
surrounding the same, and two independent friction clutch mechanisms respectively
connecting the shaft sections S S¹ separately to said driving ring, substantially as
described.
Thirty-sixth-The combination of divided shaft S S' provided with clutch bearing
surfaces, two or more balls bb, and the outer single driving ring 9 having one or
more slots cc formed in separate segments or collars V V₁ of hardened metal, consti-

page_text: tuting a unitary structure with ring 9 when secured in operative position therewith
substantially as described.
Thirty-seventh-The combination of shaft section S¹, disc d' governing ring c
provided with one or more pins p p², driving ring a provided with one or more slots c,
and one or more balls bb located in said slot or slots and between said pins, substan-
tially as described.
Thirty-eighth-The combination of two shaft sections S S¹ provided with discs d d¹,
governor ring provided with two or more pins pp¹ projecting transversely on each
side of it, driving ring 9 provided with one or more slots c, outside of each shaft
section, and two or more balls b.b located in said slots and between said pins, substan-
tially as described.
Thirty-ninth-In a vehicle in combination with the wheel W₁ shafts and frame F
the jointed rods dď, carrying the wheel W, and capable of expanding and contracting
it outward and inward, substantially as described.
Fortieth-In a vehicle the combination of the wheel W₁, shaft s, frame F, and
jointed rods d' d², carrying the wheel W, and capable of expanding it outward and
contracting it inward, with the disc d, and suitable clamping mechanism adapted to
secure said rods to said disc, substantially as described.
Forty-first: The combination with the wheels W W', frame F and arm f, of the
wheel wo, mounted in a support expansible and contractible lengthwise of the track of
the wheels carried by the arm f, substantially as described.
Forty-second-In combination with the frame F and arm f, the wheels W W',
mounted upon a support expansible and contractible transversely of the wheel-track,
and the wheel w mounted upon a support expansible and contractible longitudinally of
said wheel-track, substantially as described.
Forty-third -The combination of the shafts and wheel W with the jointed
rods dd, forming an extension of said shaft when expanded and having the rods d²
made shorter than the rods d' measured from the shaft outward, whereby the rods are
caused to incline toward the wheel when closed together, substantially as described.
Forty-fourth-The combination, with the wheel W₁, frame F and shafts, of the
jointed rods d² ², carrying the wheel W, and capable of expanding it outward and
contracting it inward, and a clamping mechanism adapted to secure said rods in their
expanded position, substantially as described.
8,
Forty-fifth-The combination with the wheel W₁, frame F and shaft of the
jointed rods, d¹ & carrying the wheel W, and capable of expanding it outward and
contracting it inward, and a clamping mechanism adapted to secure said rods in their
contracted or closed position substantially as described.
Forty-sixth-The combination of the wheel W₁, frame F and shafts with the disc d,
jointed rods dd, disc d' and wheel W, substantially as described.
Forty-seventh-The combination of the wheel W1, frame F, shaft s, disc d, jointed
rods dd, disc d³ and wheel W with the clamping collar E or d', substantially as
described.
Forty-eighth-The combination of the wheel W', frame F, shaft 3, disc d, jointed
rods did disc d' and wheel W with the clamping bolt O, substantially as described.
Forty-ninth-The combination of the frame F and wheel W with the hollow
curved arm f, and the curved sliding rod carrying the wheel w and crossing the
track of the wheel W₁ at two points in its path of expansion or contraction, substan-
tially as described.
Fiftieth-The combination of the inner clamping ring d', provided with notches n' n¹
and one or more notches z, with the outer clamping ring E, provided with one or more
studs, o, and pins p', substantially as described.
Fifty-first-The combination of inner clamping ring 7, provided with the series of
notches n' n¹ with the outer clamping ring E, the corresponding series of cam-
surfaces e c¹, substantially as described.
Fifty-second-The combination of the inner clamping ring dª, provided with the
series of notches n' n¹ and one or more notches with the outer clamping. ring

page_text: .provided with one or more studs, o¹, and pins p², and the corresponding series of cam-
surfaces cc, substantially as described.
Fifty-third The combination of the inner clamping ring d, provided with the
series of notches n', with the outer clamping ring E, provided with the corresponding
- series of cam-surfaces c¹ c¹, and mechanism adapted to revolve the one ring around the
other, substantially as described.
Fifty-fourth-The combination of the inner clamping ring d, provided with the
.series of notches n' n', and the worm-gear 108, with the outer clamping ring E, provided
with the corresponding series of cam-surfaces c¹ c', and the worm W*, substantially as
.described.
Fifty-fifth-The combination of the inner clamping ring provided with the series
of notches n' n', one or more notchesz, and the worm-gear 10%, with the outer clamping
ring provided with the corresponding cam-surfaces c¹ c¹, one or more studs, o¹, and
pins p, and the worm W, substantially as described.
Fifty-sixth-The bar or shaft formed of an exterior tubular metallic shell and an
internal core or filling of sulphur united together by heat substantially as described.
Fifty-seventh-The combination of the external tubular metallic shell L, the core
or filling of sulphur, K, and the internal tubular shell J, united by heat and forming a
shaft or brace substantially as described.
Fifty-eighth-The combination of the outer tubular metallic shell L and an internal
core or filling composed of sulphur and colophony all united by heat substantially as
described.
Fifty-ninth-In an adjustable ball or roller bearing, the ring b, provided with a
bearing back or surface for the ball to traverse upon around its inner or outer
circumference, and a dividing slot crossing said bearing-surface in a line or lines at
an angle with relation to the axis of the shaft and adapted to bring the rolling ball into
contact successively with its different parts transversely of the bearing-surface and
mechanism for adjusting the size of said ring in said bearing, substantially as described.
Sixtieth The combination, in a ball-bearing of the ring b, provided with the
transverse slot 61, and forming the outer or inner ball-bearing surface, the series of
balls between them, and the tubular wedge d' adapted to bear upon said ring and
move its bearing surface nearer to the opposite one, substantially as described.
Sixty-first-In combination with the shaft F and the balls, the outer ball-bearing
ring b, provided with a slot 6', the segment 6, made shorter than said slot, and the
outer clamping ring d, substantially as described.
Sixty-second-In combination with the shaft F and the balls, the outer ball-bearing
ring b, provided with a slot b', the segment 6, made shorter than said slot, the outer
clamping ring d, and the face covering rings (8C, having their holes c³ larger than
the shanks of the screws c¹ c¹ substantially as described.
Sixty-third In combination with the shaft F and the balls, the outer ball-bearing
ring b, provided with a slot 6, the segment 6, made shorter than said slot, the outer
clamping ring d, and the outer side-covering rings CC, overlapping the opposite
faces of the rings b and d, substantially as described.
"1
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.