Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 17th June, 1887
Complete Left, 6th Feb., 1888
Complete Accepted, 23rd Mar., 1888
I, JOHN DANIA TOMLINSON, Machine Maker of Soho Iron Works, Rochdale, in the
county of Lancaster do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to the toothed coverings put upon cylinders and doffers in
Machines used for making and combing Engine Cleaning Waste.
Heretofore these coverings have consisted of either iron or wooden lags or parts
or leather straps each of these materials containing iron or steel pointed teeth put into
holes bored to receive them and then bended by mechanical or other means to a
required angle such teeth are commonly of a U or 2 pointed form so as by being put
in on one side they shall not be able to come out on the other side owing to their
peculiar shape or form.
In my invention I make iron or steel teeth bended to the required angle before
putting them into the holes in the lag provided to receive them, and in order to
prevent them becoming loose so as to fall out when working I provide a flat head
similar to that of a common nail at the thick end of each tooth and further in order to
cause them to be fixed firmly I provide each tooth with a square part immediately in
front of or annexed to the said head.

page_text: I JOHN DANIA TOMLINSON of Soho Iron Works, Rochdale, in the County of
Lancaster, Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings
11
My Invention relates to the toothed coverings of the cylinders, doffers and rollers
of machines used for treating engine cleaning waste.
Heretofore such coverings have consisted of iron or wooden lags or of strips of
leather into which the teeth were inserted through holes bored or punched to receive
them the teeth being usually of a staple form so as to prevent them from leaving the
lags. The members of this staple tooth were straight when inserted and were after-
wards bent to the requisite angle. This necessitated having the teeth of soft steel or
of iron and as a consequence they were easily bent and broken. According to my
invention I make each tooth singly, bend them to the proper angle and then by
preference harden and temper them before insertion so as to make them more fitted
to resist bending and breaking. The foot of the tooth is formed with a head and is
squared at the root or neck. The iron lag is bored to receive the teeth and may be
countersunk on the lower side to receive the head. The lags are bored of such a size
that the teeth must be driven forcibly in, the square neck or root of the tooth forcing
a square bed for itself in the lag.
In order that my invention may be properly understood I will now proceed to
describe the same more particularly and with reference to the annexed sheet of
drawings.
Fig. 1 of the said drawings is a front view of a portion of lagging fitted with my
improved teeth.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the lagging with the teeth in position on a
cylinder.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail view of a single tooth A of the improved form.
The teeth A are forged or made in any suitable manner from steel and when
finished they are of the form shown at Fig. 3. The foot of the tooth A has a head a
and the root is made square. From the part b the tooth tapers to a point. Before
being inserted into the lags B (Figs. 1 and 2) the teeth A are hardened and tempered
to the degree best suited to resist bending and breakage. The lags B, a portion of
one of which appears in Figs. 1 and 2, may be of malleable iron, and are bored at the
proper intervals to receive the teeth. The holes bored in the lags are countersunk on
the inner side so as to accomodate the heads a of the teeth and are of such a size that
the hardened and tempered teeth A have to be driven forcibly in, the squared root b
of the hardened and tempered tooth forcing the hole in the softer metal of the lag to
assume its own sectional shape so that when driven into position the squared root of
the tooth occupies what is practically a square hole in the lag so that the tooth is held

page_text: firmly in position and is prevented from turning. When a lag B has been thus fitted
with its proper quantity of teeth it is secured to the periphery of the cylinder or
doffer of the machine, which is indicated by C in Fig. 2-it being understood that a
number of lags of the ordinary width are placed side by side round the cylinder until
the whole of the periphery is covered. The periphery of the cylinder bears on the
heads of the teeth and prevents them from loosening or falling back through the lag.
When a tooth becomes accidentally broken, bent or otherwise rendered ineffective the
lag can easily be removed, the injured tooth knocked out and replaced by another.
By my invention I am enabled to apply or insert the teeth already bent to the proper
angle and hardened and tempered so as to resist bending and breaking strains in a
manner not heretofore obtained in cases where untempered teeth and of the ordinary
form have been used. If desired the teeth might be inserted without previously
hardening and tempering them and the countersinking of the lags might also in some
cases be dispensed with.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is :-
:―
(1.) In machines for cleansing and treating engine cleaning waste, providing the
cylinders doffers and rollers with steel teeth formed with a head and with a squared
portion or neck at the root, finished and bent to the proper angle and hardened and
tempered before insertion in the lags or application to the cylinder or doffer or
otherwise not so hardened and tempered substantially as hereinbefore described and
shown.
(2.) In machines of the indicated nature forming the toothed covering of the
cylinders doffers and rollers by inserting hardened and tempered or untempered steel
teeth having a head a and a squared neck through holes bored in the lags, the said
holes being by preference countersunk to receive the head a of the tooth and being
also of such a size relatively to the squared neck that when the tooth is driven or
pressed forcibly into the hole the squared neck forms the round hole into a square or
nearly square form whereby the tooth is held firmly and prevented from turning
substantially as herein before described and shown.
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James Square, Manchester,
Agents.