Improvement in Vessels used for Concentrating Liquids by Heat.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Nov., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 31st May, 1900-Accepted, 7th July, 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Vessels used for Concentrating Liquids by Heat.
WILLIAM CILATTAWAY, Consulting Chemist, of 32, Amyand Park Road,
Twickenham, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the shape and internal form of vessels which can be
used for concentrating liquids by heat, and is applicable to those cases where
the cascade system is adopted.
This invention deals only with the vessels employed, and can be worked in any
suitable furnace, provided proper means of gradual heating and cooling can be
effected in such furnace.
.
In carrying out my invention I divide the concentrating vessel into two
compartments by means of a septum, or partition, but leaving at the bottom of
the vessel a communicating space of considerable dimensions between the two
compartments.
The partition forms part of the entire vessel, and is preferably constructed
of the same material as the vessel itself.
I do not bind myself to any definite material, this being obviously determined
by the nature of the liquid under concentration. I prefer, however, and particu-
larly when concentrating acid liquids, to make use of acid-proof earthenware or
porcelain, or any suitable material which has proved satisfactory for the particular
liquid under concentration.
I also prefer to use a circular vessel, approximately twice as high as it is
broad, and so constructed that the partition is excentrically placed, forming part
The partition may, in
of the actual vessel and on the spout side of the same.
certain cases, be flat; but, as a general rule, and where round vessels are used,
I find it is best to make the partition curved.
It will thus be seen that the partition approximates in section the letter C.
I adopt this form in order to overcome breakage due to expansion and contraction.
The partition is carried from the top of the vessel in most cases, although this
point is not essential; for a distance approximating from two-thirds to three-
fourths of the standing liquid height of the vessel; leaving at the bottom an
opening or free-way of spacious dimensions.
In use, the drip from one vessel falls into the outer, and larger, compartment
on the opposite side of the spout of the next vessel; and it is essential, in order
to keep up the flow that, in time, such liquid passes below the partition and
rises in the corresponding smaller partition, and out by means of the spout.
This arrangement has several advantages over other vessels. In the case of
concentration of sulphuric acid, to which it is particularly applicable, it is found
that the partition facilitates the concentration in a marked manner; in addition
to which, a large free-way from one compartment to the other, enables a set of.

page_text: Tessels to be kept in constant use for a much longer period than is now general;
very little inconvenience being caused by the usual deposition in the vessels.
Where high temperatures are not required it is quite possible to use square
vessels with a flat partition.
Dated this Seventeenth day of November 1800
Improvement in Vessels used for Concentrating Liquids by Heat.
I, WILLIAM CILATTAWAY, Consulting Chemist, of 32, Amyand Park Road,
Twickenham, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to the shape and internal form of vessels which can be
used for concentrating liquids by heat, and is applicable to those cases where
the cascade system is adopted.
This invention deals only with the vessels employed, and can be worked in any
suitable furnace, provided proper means of gradual heating and cooling can be
effected in such furnace.
In carrying out my invention I divide the concentrating vessel into two
compartments by means of a septum, or partition, but leaving at the bottom of
the vessel a communicating space of considerable dimensions between the two
compartments.
The partition forms part of the entire vessel, and is preferably constructed
of the same material as the vessel itself.
I do not bind myself to any definite material, this being obviously determined
by the nature of the liquid under concentration. I prefer, however, and particu-
Jarly when concentrating acid liquids, to make use of acid-proof earthenware or
porcelain, or any suitable material which has proved satisfactory for the particular
liquid under concentration.
I also prefer to use a circular vessel, approximately twice as high as it is
broad, and so constructed that the partition is excentrically placed, forming part
of the actual vessel and on the spout side of the same. The partition may, in
certain cases,
be flat; but, as a general rule, and where round vessels are used,
I find it is best to make the partition curved.
It will thus be seen that the partition approximates in section the letter C.
. I adopt this form in order to overcome breakage due to expansion and contraction.
The partition is carried from the top of the vessel in most cases, although this
point is not essential; for a distance approximating from two-thirds to three-
fourths of the standing liquid height of the vessel; leaving at the bottom an
opening or free-way of spacious dimensions.
In use, the drip from one vessel falls into the outer, and larger, compartment
on the opposite side of the spout of the next vessel; and it is essential, in order
to keep up the flow that, in time, such liquid passes below the partition and
rises in the corresponding smaller partition, and out by means of the spout.
This arrangement has several advantages over other vessels. In the case of
concentration of sulphuric acid, to which it is particularly applicable, it is found
that the partition facilitates the concentration in a marked manner; in addition
to which, a large free-way from one compartment to the other, enables a set of
vessels to be kept in constant use for a much longer period than is now general;
very little inconvenience being caused by the usual deposition in the vessels.

page_text: Where high temperatures are not required it is quite possible to use square
vessels with a flat partition.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1
1. A vessel of suitable material, for concentrating acids and other liquids by
heat, divided by a septum into two separate compartments; but so divided as to
leave a large communicating freeway beneath the septum.
2. The septum to be of the shape, and joined to the main vessel, substantially
as herein before described.