Improved Apparatus for Cutting Velvet Fabrics on the Loom.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Cutting Velvet Fabrics on the Loom.
A communication to me from AGNES SCHLÖGEL, of Annagasse, Gablonz, Bohemia,
Widow.
I, EDMUND EDWARDS, of the Firm of Edwards & Co., Patent Agents and
Engineers, of 65 and 66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:--
This invention has for its object apparatus for cutting the pile of velvet fabrics,
which differs from such apparatus of the kind heretofore used, in the fact that
the knife which effects the separation of the pile threads is not introduced from the
front between the thicknesses of material, but that it lays hold of and cuts the
pile threads from the back, in successive cuts, and the advantage is obtained that
any escape of the pile threads or the fabric is prevented, and an even and perfectly
cut velvet fabric is produced.
The operating part of the knife blade can be supported by a cutting wheel which
acts against the pile threads from the front.
In the accompanying drawings part of a loom is shown fitted with the improved
apparatus.
Figure 1 shows a side view of a power loom with the improved cutting
apparatus.
Figures 2 to 4 show the construction and arrangement of the cutting apparatus
on a larger scale; Figure 2 being a view from the back, Figure 3 a side view with
one of the slide plates removed, and Figure 4 a cross section.
Figures 5 to 10 show a somewhat different arrangement of the cutting apparatus,
Figure 5 being a front view and Figure 6 a back view.
Figure 7 shows a side view with one of the slide plates removed; Figure 8 is a
cross section, Figures 9, 10, 11, and 12, are details of the same, and Figure 13
represents an apparatus without a cutting wheel.
The material w passes over the breast beam B, and thence between two
rollers a, a, and is then immediately after passing them divided by the cutting
apparatus, its separated parts passing then over the rollers b b', and thence
being led by the delivery rollers c, c¹ to the receiving roller y, or other suitable
holder.
The cutting apparatus d consists of a ridge-shaped frame or case h, h¹, of steel
plate, which is moveable along a horizontal rail $ arranged and fixed transversely
between the two side frames of the loom, parallel to the breastbeam B, whilst above
the upper edge of the case projects an oscillating knife m pointed at each end, and
having an inclined sharp edge on its under or inner side, so that it forms-together
with a cutting wheel f also sharpened round its edge-cutting shears. The knife m
turns upon a bolt o which is fixed to the side of the case or frame h, and is arranged
so that at each end of the stroke of the cutting apparatus along the rail S, the
knife is turned round sufficiently upon the bolt o, and at the following return stroke
the other pointed end projects above the frame, each such end alternately being

page_text: raised so as to project, according to the direction in which the cutting apparatus is
travelling. Figure 2 shows the position of the knife m when moving to the left,
and Figure 3 its position when moving to the right. This alternation of position is
effected, by means of an arm m¹ projecting downward from the knife, below the
centre upon which it turns, a pin i upon the arm.working in a notch or recess in a
sliding plate or bar k which projects at each end of the moving frame, and comes in
contact at each end of the stroke with adjustable stops or projections upon the bar or
rail S. The cutting disc or wheelf which together with the knife forms shears,
revolves upon the boss of the knife m which turns upon the bolt o, so that both turn
upon the same centre. Its revolution is effected by means of a driving cord p fixed
to both side frames of the loom, and passing round the groove of a pulley fixed to
or forming part of the cutting dise f.
The travel of the cutting apparatus backward and forward along the transverse
rail S, is effected by means of a cord z, the ends of which are fixed upon the sliding
carriage d (Figure 1), the cord passing over fixed guide pulleys n, t, and u, t¹ and u³,
and round a horizontal guide pulley x carried by the loom frame, the cord being
attached at the proper point to the lower end of the driving lever A. One of the
guide rollers is made adjustable in order to keep the cord properly stretched. The
lever A makes, at each revolution of the loom shaft, alternately a movement backward
and forward, by means of a connecting rod K turning upon a crankpin C on the
toothed wheel R, which is caused to revolve by a loose intermediate wheel T, gearing
with the wheel E upon the principal shaft W of the loom. The number of teeth on
the wheel R are twice as many as on the wheel E.
A modification of the cutting apparatus d, but upon the same principle, consists
in substituting for the oscillating knife m, a fixed double-pointed knife, (as shewn in
Figures 5 to 13). In this method of construction there is greater simplicity and
less wear. The knife m is carried by a knife holder h, (to which it is fixed by
screws at 1 and 2,) which fits inside the frame and is fastened to the latter at 6 and 7.
Upon the axle o, which turns in bearings in both sides of the frame or case, is
fixed the cutting disc f, having formed upon or attached to it the cord pulley 1. The
screws 8, 81, allow an exact adjustinent endways of the cutting disc f against the
knife m. The screw 4 (Figure 8) attaches the knife-holder to the side of the frame,
and 3 and 5 (Figure 6) are two steel screws, which allow the points of contact of the
knife with the cutting disc to be exactly adjusted. The operation of the apparatus
is similar to that first described with the oscillating knife. Figure 13 shows an
arrangement of a fixed knife, without a cutting disc.
Dated this 14th day of October 1896.
EDWARDS & Co.,
65 and 66, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.
A communication to me from AGNES SCHLÜGEL, of Annagasse, Gablonz, Bohemia,
Widow.
I, EDMUND EDWARDS, of the Firm of Edwards & Co., Patent Agents and
Engineers, of 65 and 66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement, and
accompanying drawings, that is to say:-
This invention has for its object apparatus for cutting the pile of velvet fabrics,

page_text: the
which ditiers from such apparatus of the kind heretofore used, in the fact
knife which effects the separation of the pile threads is not introduced from the front
between the thicknesses of material, but that it lays hold of and cuts the pile threads
from the back, in successive cuts, and the advantage is obtained that any escape of
the pile threads or the fabric is prevented, and an even and perfectly cut velvet fabric
is produced.
The operating part of the knife blade can be supported by a cutting wheel which
acts against the pile threads from the front.
In the accompanying drawings part of a loom is shown fitted with the improved
apparatus.
Figure 1 shows a side view of a power loom with the improved cutting
apparatus.
Figures 2 to 4 show the construction and arrangement of the cutting apparatus on
a larger scale; Figure 2 being a view from the back, Figure 3 a side view with
one of the side plates removed, and Figure 4 a cross section.
Figures 5 to 10 show a somewhat different arrangement of the cutting apparatus,
Figure 5 being a front view and Figure 6 a back view.
Figure 7 shows a side view with one of the side plates removed; Figure 8' is a cross
section, Figures 9, 10, 11, 12, and 14, are details of the same, with a device for
sharpening the cutting wheel, and Figure 3 represents an apparatus without a
cutting wheel.
The material passes over the breastbeam B, and thence between two
rollers a, a; and is then immediately after passing them divided by the cutting
apparatus d, its separated parts passing then over the rollers bbi, and thence
being led by the delivery rollers e, el to the receiving roller y or other suitable
holder.
The cutting apparatus d consists of a ridge-shaped frame or case h, h¹ of steel
plate, which is moveable along a horizontal rail S arranged and fixed transversely
between the two side frames of the loom, parallel to the breastbeam B, whilst above
the upper edge of the case projects an oscillating knife a pointed at each end, and
having an inclined sharp edge on its under or inner side, so that it forms-together
with a cutting wheelf also sharpened round its edge-cutting shears. The knife m
turns upon a bolt o which is fixed to the side of the case or frame h, and is arranged
so that at each end of the stroke of the cutting apparatus along the rail S, the knife
is turned round sufficiently upon the bolt o, and at the following return stroke the
other pointed end projects above the frame, each such end alternately being raised
so as to project, according to the direction in which the cutting apparatus is
travelling. Figure 2 shows the position of the knife m when moving to the left,
and Figure 3 its position when moving to the right. This alternation of position is
effected, by means of an arm m projecting downward from the knife, below the
centre upon which it turns, a pin i upon the arm working in a notch or recess in
a sliding plate or bar & which projects at each end of the moving frame, and comes
in contact at each end of the stroke with adjustable stops or projections upon the bar
or rail S. The cutting disc or wheel f which together with the knife forms shears,
revolves upon the boss of the knife m which turns upon the bolt o, so that both turn
upon the same centre. Its revolution is effected by means of a driving cord p
fixed to both side frames of the loom, and passing round the groove of a pulley
fixed to or forming part of the cutting disc f.
R
The travel of the cutting apparatus backward and forward along the transverse
rail S, is effected by means of a cord 2, the ends of which are fixed upon the sliding
carriage d (Figure 1), the cord passing over fixed guide pulleys n, t, and, and u²,
and round a horizontal guide pulley carried by the loom frame, the cord being
attached at the proper point to the lower end of the driving lever A. One of the
guide rollers is made adjustable in order to keep the cord properly stretched. The
lever A makes, at each revolution of the loom shaft, alternately a movement backward
and forward, by means of a connecting rod K turning upon a crankpin C on the
toothed wheel R, which is caused to revolve by a loose intermediate wheel T,

page_text: gearing with the wheel E upon the principal shaft W of the loom. The number of
teeth on the wheel R are twice as many as on the wheel E.
A modification of the cutting apparatus d, but upon the same principle, consists in
substituting for the oscillating knife m, a fixed double-pointed knife, (as shewn in
Figures 5 to 13). In this method of construction there is greater simplicity and
less wear. The knife m is carried by a knife holder h, (to which it is fixed by
screws at 1 and 2), which fits inside the frame and is fastened to the latter
at 6 and 7. Upon the axle o, which turns in bearings in both sides of the frame
or case h, is fixed the cutting disc f, having formed upon or attached to it the
cord pulley . The screws 8, 81, allow an exact adjustment endways of the cutting
disc f against the knife m. The screw 4 (Figure 8) attaches the knife-holder to
the side of the frame, and 3 and 5 (Figure 6) are two steel screws, which allow the
points of contact of the knife with the cutting disc to be exactly adjusted.
The operation of the apparatus is similar to that first described with the oscillating
knife. Figure 13 shows an arrangement of a fixed knife, without a cutting disc.
In Figures 11 and 14 a device is shown by which the automatic sharpening of
the cutting wheel f is effected. For this purpose a small whetstone 10 of suitable
character is carried at the end of a spring arm 9, which is attached to a convenient
part of the frame, but which ordinarily stands away from the edge of the cutting
wheel, but can be pressed against the latter when required by means of the
bent lever 11, so that the edge is then automatically sharpened by it. One arm
of the lever stands out sufficiently from the frame, so that it can be readily moved
when desired. A similar sharpening device may be arranged on the other side
of the cutting disc so as to sharpen the other side of the edge of the latter. The
lever 11 may evidently be also arranged to draw the spring away from the edge
of the cutting disc.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. An apparatus for cutting velvet pile on the loom, consisting of a knife on
its inner edge, the point of which passes through the pile threads of the fabric,
and in combination with a revolving cutting blade, severs them, row after row,
substantially as described and illustrated.
2. In combination with the apparatus described in Claim 1, the device for
sharpening the cutting wheel f, consisting of a whetstone 10 carried upon a spring
axis, close to the cutting edge of the said cutting wheel, which whetstone can be
brought in contact with the cutting edge by means of a lever 11, when required,
substantially as described and illustrated.
Dated this 30th day of June 1907
EDWARDS & Co.,
65 and 66, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.