Improvements in the Means of Connecting or of Closing the Ends of Pipes or the like.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Means of Connecting or of Closing the Ends
of Pipes or the like.
I, BENJAMIN ROBINSON of Church Gresley in the County of Derby, Earthenware
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention has reference to the means of connecting the ends of pipes or the
like, as for instance connecting the outlet of water closets to the soil pipe, or
the inlet arm of water closets to the water supply pipe, and the object is to enable
a hermetic joint to be readily and securely made.
According to my invention I form the spigot end of the pipe with three or other
number of lugs or projections at right angles to the pipe, and these lugs preferably
project from a flange on the pipe. I form the faucet end of the pipe with a
corresponding number of gaps in the inside of its enlarged end; these gaps extend
to one end of an undercut recess in the enlarged end, there being a separate undercut
recess corresponding with each gap. These recesses are of gradually decreasing depth,
so that while they will allow the lugs on the spigot end of another pipe to enter
freely at the part nearest the gap their depth at the part farthest from the gap
becomes less than the thickness of the lugs. The butting ends of both the faucet
and spigot are formed with one or more annular grooves to receive washers of india
rubber or other suitable material.
In order to connect two pipes together the annular groove or grooves of the faucet
end of the pipe have washers fitted in them; then the spigot end of the other pipe
is introduced by passing its lugs through the gaps in the faucet and a partial turn
is given to one of the pipes so as to cause the lugs to move in the undercut
recesses until they become jammed or fixed therein owing to the diminishing depth
of the latter, whilst the washer or washers become compressed and a secure and
hermetic joint is thus made which can be readily separated whenever required by
merely giving a reverse turn to one of the pipes and thereby releasing the lugs.
The spaces between the spigot and faucet may be filled up with cement or the
like and cement or the like may be substituted for the washers above described but in
either of these cases the joint cannot readily be separated.
The invention is also applicable to closing the ends of pipes or the like. In this
case the closing cap or plug takes the place of and is constructed with devices like
those above described for either the spigot or the faucet end of a pipe so as to make a
joint with the faucet or spigot end of a pipe.
1040
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 56 Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.

page_text: COMPLETN
DIECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Means of Connecting or of Closing the Ends
of Pipes or the like.
I, BENJAMIN ROBINSON of Church Gresley in the County of Derby, Earthenware
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
My invention has reference to the means of connecting the ends of pipes or the
like, as for instance connecting the outlet of water closets to the trap or soil pipe, or
the inlet arm of water closets to the water supply pipe or the ventilating arm to the
ventilating pipe, and the object is to enable a hermetic joint to be readily and
securely made.
According to my invention which applies to pipes whether made of earthenware,
metal or other material, I form the spigot end of the pipe with three or other number
of lugs or projections at right angles to the pipe, and these lugs preferably project
from a flange on the pipe. I form the faucet end of the pipe with a corresponding
number of gaps in the inside of its enlarged end; these gaps extend to one end of an
undercut recess in the enlarged end, there being a separate undercut recess
corresponding with each gap. These recesses are of gradually decreasing depth, so
that while they will allow the lugs on the spigot end of another pipe to enter freely at
the part nearest the gap, their depth at the part farthest from the gap becomes less
than the thickness of the lugs. The butting ends of both the faucet and spigot are
formed with one or more annular grooves to receive washers of india rubber or
other suitable material.
In order to connect two pipes together the annular groove or grooves of the faucet
end of the pipe have washers fitted in them; then the spigot end of the other pipe is
introduced by passing its lugs through the gaps in the faucet and a partial turn is
given to one of the pipes so as to cause the lugs to move in the undercut recesses until
they become jammed or fixed therein, owing to the diminishing depth of the latter
whilst the washer or washers become compressed and a secure and hermetic joint is
thus made which can be readily separated whenever required by merely giving a
reverse turn to one of the pipes and thereby releasing the lugs.
The spaces between the spigot and faucet may be filled up with cement or the like
and cement or the like may be substituted for the washers above described, but in
either of these cases the joint cannot readily be separated.
In order to enable this invention to be clearly understood, I annex an illustrative
sheet of drawings in which Figure 1 is a front end elevation of the spigot and of a pipe
constructed in accordance with the present invention.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of the same;
Figure 3 is a front end elevation of the faucet end of a pipe adapted to engage with
the spigot end aforesaid.
Figure 4 is a longitudinal section on the line 4-4 of Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal section through the abutting spigot and faucet ends of
two pipes constructed and connected together according to this invention. This figure
constitutes a longitudinal section on the line 5-5 of Figures 1 and 3, a partial turn
having been given to one of the pipes for the purpose of connection as described.
In these figures A represents the spigot end and B the faucet end of two pipes A*
and B which are to be connected together at their meeting ends. The spigot end A
is formed with three lugs a projecting from a flange or collar ax on the pipe. The
faucet end B is enlarged, or as shown is formed with an internally projecting
flange x, in which are provided three gaps b. These gaps 6 extend respectively to

page_text: the corresponding ends of three recess c which are undercut in the enlarged end, or
as shown are formed by the internally projecting flange b. The gaps b in the faucet
end of one pipe are of sufficient width to allow of the lugs a on the spigot end of
another pipe being readily inserted through them into the recesses c.
These recesses
are of gradually decreasing depth, so that whilst at their ends nearest to their respective
gaps b they are of sufficient depth to allow of entrance of the lugs a at those ends,
their depth at their ends farthest from their respective gaps b is less than the thickness
of the lugs a. The consequence of this is that when the spigot end of one pipe is
inserted into the faucet end of another pipe, and a partial turn is given to one of the
pipes, the lugs of the one pipe will by reason of their cam-like or screw-like action
along the inclined surfaces c¹ of the recesses c, press the abutting surfaces de of the
spigot and faucet ends into close contact so as to form a tight joint between the pipes
at that part. The tightness of the joint may be aided by forming one or more
annular grooves d' and e' in the surfaces d and e respectively to receive india
rubber or other suitable packing material. A collar or flange f may be formed on the
spigot end of the pipe behind the lugs a at such a distance from these that when the
surfaces d and e are in close contact, the face of the flange will also be in close contact
with the outer face of the faucet part bx. Annular grooves g g¹ to receive packing may
also be forined in the contact faces of the parts f and bx if desired. This flange whilst
providing additional security against leakage and imparting a neat and compact
appearance to the above described pipe coupling, also serves to prevent mortar and
dirt &c. from getting in between the lugs and in the gaps and recesses, whereby
disconnection of the coupling would be rendered difficult after a lapse of time.
The invention is also applicable to closing the ends of pipes or the like. In this case
the closing cap or plug takes the place of and is constructed with devices like those
above described for either the spigot or the faucet end of a pipe, so as to make a joint
with the faucet or spigot end of a pipe.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The improved means of connecting or of closing the ends of pipes or the like,
substantially as herein before described.
2. The improved pipe coupling substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated
by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 1st day of July 1897.
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 56 Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.