Improvements in Engine Governors.
Year: 1897

page_text: Reprinted as amended in accordance with the decision of the Chief Examiner
dated the 26th day of October 1899.
Date of Application, 23rd July, 1897
Complete Specification Left, 23rd May, 1898-Accepted, 23rd July, 1898
:
Improvements in Engine Governors.
I, ARTHUR SAMUEL FRANCIS ROBINSON, of the Vale of White Horse Iron Works,
Wantage, in the County of Berks, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention has reference to engine governors of the shaft type in which the
position of the shifting eccentric is controlled by the centrifugal action of weights
through bent, flexible or spring arms or blades, (hereinafter called the spring blades)
that are connected at one end to the fly wheel drum or disc (hereinafter called the
drum) in or on which the governor is mounted and at the other end to the shifting
eccentric. Governors of this type are described in the Specifications of former
Letters Patent granted to me Nos. 12496 and 20960 both of 1894.
Now according to this invention in order to avoid the use of heavy governor
weights, especially for low speed governors, I employ governor weights that are
located at some distance from the curved spring blades, and generally near to the
periphery of the governor drum and are mounted upon the free ends of rods or
spring bars pivoted or fixed to the governor drum, and I connect the said weights to
the curved spring blades by one or more ribbons, chains, cords, or like flexible con--
nectors (hereinafter called bands) that pass around guide pulleys carried by the
curved spring blades, and also it may be other guide pulleys pivoted to the drum or
to the weights, rods or bars and are connected at their respective ends to the weights
and drum, or to the drum alone, or are endless, the arrangement in each case being
such that when the governor is rotating the said weights act indirectly upon the
said spring blades through the bands. In this way the weights can be reduced in "
size and their traverse increased, thereby enhancing the sensitiveness of the
governor.
As will be obvious governor weights, connecting bands and guide pulleys designed
to act on the curved spring blades of the governor in the manner described can be
variously arranged. Each of the spring blades, of which there are ordinarily two,
will usually be laminated that is to say, be composed of two or more strips of flat
Such a compound spring is berein included in the term spring blade.
steel.
In one arrangement, there are two governor weights each carried by a rod or
spring arm pivoted or fixed to the governor drum and connected to the corresponding
spring blade by a steel band that passes around a guide pulley pivoted between the
jaws of a bifurcated device (berein called the bridle casting) fixed to the central
curved portion of the spring blade. One end of the band is fixed to a stirrup
shaped holder pivoted to the free extremity of the pivoted rod or spring arm and
the other end has secured to it a screw that is secured by a nut to another stirrup
shaped holder pivoted to the druin, the arrangement being such that any desired

page_text: initial stress can be put upon the band and the spring blade to which it is connected
and an exact adjustment of length of band can be obtained so that each weight
exerts the same pull. Outward movement of the weights may be limited by stops
adjustably fixed to the periphery of the drum and arranged in the path of plugs
of cushioning material carried by the weights, inward movement of the rods or bars
being limited by pins on the drum. Or other suitable means may be provided for
limiting the outward movement of the weights. Inward movement of the curved
spring blades may be limited by stops fixed or adjustable, on the governor boss or
sleeve against which plugs of cushioning material on the bridle castings can act.
In a modified arrangement, each band after passing around the guide pulley
carried by the corresponding spring blade, passes around a guide pulley pivoted to
the governor drum before it passes to the holder by which it is connected to the
drum.
In another arrangement each of the governor weights is carried by two pivoted
rods or spring bars, or two pairs of pivoted rods or spring bars, that are connected
to opposite sides of the weight and extend in opposite directions therefrom so as to
act as a parallel motion for the weight and enable the same to move outward in
a straight line instead of a curved one.
Each weight arranged to pull on the
corresponding spring 'blade by a band connected at one end to the weight and passing
.around a guide pulley connected it may be by links to the bridle casting on the
spring blade and also it may be around a pulley pivoted to the drum to which its.
other end is connected.
In another arrangement there are four weights each mounted on a pivoted rod or
spring bar, two of them being connected by separate bands to pulleys pivoted or
linked to the bridle casting of one of the spring blades and the other two being
similarly connected by two other separate bands to pulleys connected to the other
spring blade. Each pair of bands is connected at one end to the corresponding pair
of rods or arms and at their other ends to the opposite arms of a lever or disc pivoted
to the drum and capable of being adjusted so that one band can be slackened out and
the other taken up simultaneously, by one movement. Or the lever or disc may be
free to turn so that the bands may be self adjusting.
In a modification of this arrangement, each pair of weights is connected to the
ends of a band that passes around a guide pulley pivoted or linked to the bridle
casting of the corresponding spring blade and also it may be around a pulley pivoted
to the drum.
In another arrangement there are two oppositely arranged weights carried by
pivoted or spring arms and connected by a band that passes around guide pulleys
pivoted to the drum and around guide pulleys mounted in a frame or holder connected
to the free ends of the spring blades which are thus pressed endways by the centri-
fugal action of the weights, the carrying rods or bars of which may be reversely
arranged.
In a modification of this arrangement, each of the two governor weights is
connected to a separate band that passes around one of two pulleys mounted in
a frame or holder secured to the free or movable ends of the spring blades, and
also around a pulley pivoted to the drum, and is finally secured to the drum.
Instead of each band passing around a single pulley on the corresponding spring
blade and on the drum, or weight, it may pass around two or more pulleys on the
spring blade and a corresponding number on the drum, or weight or both.
To enable the speed regulating mechanism, of a governor of the kind mentioned to
be readily adjusted, there is provided in connection with the screw shaft and
a worm wheel fast thereon for operating such mechanism, adjusting mechanism com-
prising a worm that is in gear with the said worm wheel and is fast on a spindle the
outer end of which extends through the side of the drum opposite to that at which
the shifting eccentric is located. To obtain either greater or less speed by means of
braking" solely, I may employ two double chain wheels that are loose on the crank
shaft and one of which communicates with the worm by direct drive and the other by
means of an intermediate spur wheel or pinion gearing with a spur wheel keyed to the
-6

page_text: worm shaft. One of the double chain wheels may consist of a chain wheel fast on
one end of a sleeve that is mounted on the crank shaft and has the other chain
wheel of the set fixed to its opposite end so as to leave a space between it
and the first wheel in which the other double chain wheel is mounted to run on
the sleeve.
"
-
The outer wheel of each set of wheels on the crank-shaft is operated by a separate
chain and brake wheel detached from the crank shaft, or the said wheels may
themselves be made to serve as brake wheels. By braking the one or the other
set of wheels, the resistance of the weighted spring blades is increased or decreased,
and the speed raised or lowered.
For giving an indication when the limit of speeding is arrived at one way or
the other, a bell is made to ring at the completion of the in or out movement of
the hinged parts carrying the spring blades, or the wheels on the worm shaft may be
held in place by frictional contact which will yield when either limit on the adjusting
screw is reached.
I, ARTHUR SAMUEL FRANCIS ROBINSON, of the Vale of White Horse Iron Works,
Wantage, in the County of Berks, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the fullowing statement :-
My invention has reference to engine governors of the shaft type in which the
position of the shifting eccentric is controlled by the centrifugal action of weights
through bent flexible or spring arms or blades, (hereinafter called the spring
blades) that are connected at one end to the fly wheel drum or disc (hereinafter
called the drum) in or on which the governor is mounted and at the other end
to the shifting eccentric. Governors of this type are described in the Specifica-
tions of former Letters Patent granted to me Nos. 12496 and 20960 both of
1894.
Now according to this invention in order to avoid the use of heavy governor
weights, especially for low speed governors, I employ governor weights that are
located at soine distance from the curved spring blades, and generally near to the
periphery of the governor drum and are mounted upon the free ends of rods or spring
bars pivoted or fixed to the governor drum, and I connect the said weights to the
curved spring blades by one or more ribbons, chains, wire ropes, cords, or like flexible
connectors (hereinafter called cords) that pass around guide pulleys carried by the
curved spring blades, and also it may be other guide pulleys pivoted to the drum
and are connected at their respective ends to the weights and drum, or to the drum
alone, or are endless, the arrangement in each case being such that when the
governor is rotating, the said weights act indirectly upon the said spring blades
through the cords. In this way the weights can be reduced in size and their
traverse increased, thereby enhancing the sensitiveness of the governor.
As will be obvious governor weights, connecting cords and guide pulleys
designed to act on the shifting eccentric through the curved spring blades of the
governor in the manner described can be variously arranged. Each of the spring.

page_text: Diades, of which there are ordinarily two, will usually be laminated that is to say; be
composed of two or more strips of flat steel. Such a compound spring is herein
included in the terin spring blade.
In order that the nature of my invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed to describe by the aid of the accompanying illustrative drawings, the best
ways now known to me for carrying the same into practice.
Fig. 1 shows partly in end elevation and partly in transverse section, and Fig. 2 in
horizontal section, a shaft governor of the kind referred to embodying my present
invention the means for adjusting the speed regulating mechanism of the governor
being omitted. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the same end of the governor as that
represented in Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 is a side elevation partly in longitudinal section,
showing one arrangement of means for adjusting the speed regulating mechanism of
the governor.
1 is the shifting eccentric and 2 a guide plate arranged to slide at opposite sides of
the governor drum 3 which has a hollow boss 3*. The eccentric and plate are
connected together by bolts 4 and distance pieces 4* that work in slots 5 in the sides
of the drum and are connected to lugs 6* on the drum by spring radius blades 6
forming a parallel motion, so that the eccentric 1 moves in a practically straight line
across the axis of the governor shaft. To one of the distance pieces 4*, is secured a
connecting strip or blade 7 by which the eccentric 1 and attached parts are connected
through distance pieces 8 to the free ends of two spring blades 9 of laminated spring
steel the other ends of which, stiffened by additional strips of steel, are connected at 10
to levers 11 that are pivoted at 12, to a fixed bar, or to the drum direct so that
they can be moved towards and from each other by speed regulating mechanism
comprising a right and left handed screw 13 which, in the arrangement now being
described, is driven by a worm wheel 14 and worm 15 and acts upon nuts 16
carried by the ends of the levers 11. 17 is the worm spindle that extends through
one side of the drum and is operated as hereinafter described. The foregoing parts are
constructed and arranged to operate substantially in the manner described in my said
former specifications.
18 are the governor weights, which instead of being carried by the spring blades
or equivalent parts, as in former constructions of shaft governors, are each secured to
the free end of a rod or spring arın 19 (or pair of rods or spring arts) pivoted at 20
to the governor drum 3, and also to one end portion of a cord 21 which is passed one
or more times around two sets of grooved pulleys 22 and 23 and is fixed at its other
end to the drum at 6*. The pulleys 22 are pivoted between the jaws of a holder 24
fixed to the central portion of the corresponding spring blade 9 and provided with a
buffer 25 that abuts against the boss 3x of the drum 3 when the governor is at rest.
The pulleys 23 are pivoted to the drum. Each cord 21 in the example now being
described, passes three times around its set of pulleys 22 and twice around its
sets of pulleys 23, the whole forming a compound cord and pulley arrangement
between the corresponding governor weight 18 and spring blade 9. The end
portion 21 of each cord 21 to which the weight 18 is connected, may conveniently
be fixed to the adjacent lug 6" on the drum so as to limit the inward movement
of the weight, but other means may obviously be used for the purpose.
In Figs. 1 and 2 the parts are shown in the positions they occupy when the
governor is at rest. When the governor is set in motion the weights 18 move outward
under the action of centrifugal force and pull upon the cords 21 so as to thereby
shorten the distance between the pulleys 22 and 23 of each set against the action of
the spring blades 9 which are consequently bent outward to a greater extent and
cause the eccentric 1 to move more or less in a direction transverse to the governor
shaft, the elasticity of the said spring blades serving to move the weights and eccentric
in the reverse direction when the speed of the governor falls below the normal. The
resistance to motion caused by the cord and pulley arrangement serves to effectually
lock the eccentric in all positions into which it is moved, and consequently imparts 5
great stability to the governor. The compound cord and pulley arrangement thus
acts as a looking arrangement to hold the shifting eccentric in such a manner that it

page_text: cannot influence the governor weights in the way it can and does influence them in
governors in which the eccentric and weights are connected together through direct
and rigid connections. Consequently my invention enables the dash pots or equivalent
braking or controlling devices usually employed in shaft governors to be dispensed
with. Also by reason of the weights being placed nearer to the periphery of the
drum than usual, they can be made light and are rendered very sensitive to variations
in changes of velocity of the drum so that the governor will act very promptly to
correct variations in speed.
Fig. 5 shows partly in end elevation, with the end cover of the governor drun
removed, and partly in transverse section and Fig. 5 in horizontal section, a modified
arrangement of the governor weights and cord and pulley arrangement especially suited
for high speeds. Fig. 5b is a detail view of a weight drawn to a larger scale than
Figs. 5 and 5. In this arrangement each cord 21 is secured at its two ends to the
corresponding pairs of lugs 6 on the governor drum 3, and passes around sets of
pulleys 22 and 23 and also around the corresponding weight 18 which is suitably
grooved for the purpose (see Fig. 5) and acts directly upon one of the upper
horizontal plies of the cord.
Fig. 6 is a part side elevation and Fig. 6" a part plan, showing a modified arrange-
ment in which each of the governor weights 18, of which only one is shown is carried
by two pairs of pivoted rods or bars 19 that are connected to opposite sides of the
weight and extend in opposite directions therefrom so as to act as a parallel motion
for the weight and enable the same to move outward in a practically straight line
instead of a curved one, relatively to the drum. Each weight 18 is arranged to pull
on the corresponding spring blade 9 by a metal band or ribbon 21 connected at one
end to the weight by a pivoted stirrup shaped holder 21° and passing around a single
guide pulley 22 connected it may be by links 24" to the bridle casting or holder 24 on
the said spring blade, its other end being secured to a screw 6" that is secured by
nuts 6° to another stirrup shaped holder 6d pivoted to the drum 3, the arrangeinent
being such that any desired initial stress can be put upon the band or ribbon 21* and
the spring blade 9 to which it is connected, and an exact adjustment of the length of
the band or ribbon can be obtained so that each weight shall exert practically the same
pull. As will be obvious the weight shown in the arrangement illustrated in Figs. 6
and 6 might, if desired, be carried by a single pivoted or spring rod or pair of rods 19
in which case it woul I move in a circular path, as in the arrangements shown in Figs. 1
to 5 inclusive.
Figs. 7 and 7 are similar views to Figs. 6 and 6 respectively showing a modified
arrangement in which each weight carried by the two pairs of parallel motion rods 19
is made in two parts 18, 18" that are connected through their connecting pin 21²
with one end of a wire rope or cord 21 that passes around pulleys 22 connected with
the corresponding spring blade 9 and also around a pivoted pulley 23 (or pulleys)
carried by the drum 3, the other end of the cord being connected to a lug 6" on the
drum.
In the modified construction of governor, part of which is shown in Fig. 8, there
are four weights 18 each carried by a pivoted bar 19, or pair of bars, and each
connected to one end of a separate cord 21 that passes around the pulleys 22 and 23
and is connected at the opposite end to a lug 6ª on the drum. Thus, in this case,
each spring blade 9 is acted upon by two weights through a compound cord and
pulley arrangement comprising two independent cords.
Figs. 9 and 10 are part sectional elevations at right angles to each other, Fig. 11
a part plan and Fig. 12 a part end elevation showing a further modification. In this
arrangement there is used a single cord 21 that passes, as shown, around a tightening
up pulley 21 and around the four sets of pulleys 22 and 23, its two ends being
secured to lugs 6 on the drum 3, and the spindle of the said tightening up
pulley 21 being radially adjustable in the slot 21 in the drum. By the use of a
single cord, the governor weights 18 are enabled to automatically find their own
In this modified construction, the
proper equi-distance from the centre of the drum.
eccentric 1 is fixed as by a screw, on a reversing plate 1ª which is connected by the

page_text: bolts 4 and distance pieces 4ª to the guide plate 2 and is formed with a ring 1 that
is concentric to the governor shaft. This arrangement simplifies. the reversing and
enables an eccentric of any desired stroke to be placed on the same governor. To
reverse, it is only necessary to unfix the governor drum, to then turn it half way
round upon its shaft and refix it, then to unfix the eccentric 1 on the plate 1*, to then
turn to its proper position and refix it. The distance pieces 4ª between the eccentric 1
and guide plate 2 are made of curved section and four bolts 4 are used instead of two
as before for connecting the said eccentric and guide plate together. Also two con-
necting strips or blades 7 instead of one are used to connect one of the said distance
pieces 4 to the distance piece 8" which is made as a forging screwed at the ends and
secured between the free ends of the spring blades 9 by nuts 8. For the purpose of
preventing sideways movement of the free ends of the spring blade. 9 and ensuring
proper driving of the eccentric 1, there may be used a spring blade 7a that is fixed at
one end to the drum and at the otlier end to a projecting part 7 connected with the
movable end of one of the said spring blades.
The two cords 21 shown in Fig. 1, instead of being fixed at one end to the
upper lugs 6" on the drum, may, as indicated at 21%, be each led back over one of
the pulleys 23 in each set, thence around a guide pulley 21d pivoted on the drum and
the two cords be connected together by a tightening up device, for example a right
and left handed screw 21e, so that the two cords in effect constitute a single cord as
in Figs. 9 and 10. The governor weights can also be arranged at equal distances
from the centre of the drum by suitably adjusting the cords 21 through and fixing
them to the said weights by hand.
To prevent accident in the event of either of the cords 21 breaking, the governor
is provided with a safety device which in the example shown in Figs. 9 and 10,
comprises a pair of lever cams 3ª pivoted to one of the distance pieces 4ª at 3" and
connected by links 3d to the pivoted weighted rods 19, the arrangement being such
that should the cord 21 break, the cams 3 will be forced by the outward movement
of the weighted rods 19, against the boss 3* of the governor and so force the distance
piece 4" to which they are pivoted away from the boss sufficiently to bring the
eccentric 1 into the position of mid gear.
To enable a greater range of speeding to be obtained than is possible by adjusting
the spring blades 9 alone, each of the weighted arms 19 may, as shown in Fig. 13 be
connected by a coiled spring 19" to a relatively fixed part of the governor, such as an
arm 19" fixed either to the pivoted lever arm 11 to which the adjacent spring blade 9
is fixed, or, as in the arrangement shown, bolted against the fixed end of the spring
blade itself.
Fig. 14 shows another way of increasing the range of speeding by retarding the
outward movement of the governor weights 18. In this case each weight 18 is carried
by a pair of spring blades 19¢ stiffened by intermediate spring blades 194 and fixed at
their lower ends to an arm 19e which is pivoted to the drum 3 at 19 and connected
by a link 11 to an extension 11' of a washer 11° connected to the lever 11 to which
the adjacent spring blade 9 is fixed. By this arrangement when the two levers 11
(one out of which is shown) are drawn together by the right and left handed screw 13
to stiffen the spring blades 9, the spring arms 19e carrying the weights 18 will also
be stiffened and offer a greater resistance to outward movement of the governor
weights 18.
Instead of fixing the stiffened ends of the spring blades 9 to levers 11 as herein-
before described, they may, as shown in Fig. 15, be fixed to lngs 11d on a plate 11°
bolted to the drum 3, and the levers 11 be each provided at one side with a cam 11'
arranged to abut against and stiffen the adjacent spring blade 9 when the two levers
are moved towards each other by the screw 13.
To assist the closing movement of the spring blades 9 used in each of the arrange-
ments herein before described, there may, as shown in Fig. 16, or in Fig. 16ª be
employed a closing weight 18 that is carried by a pair of rods 194 and is connected
to one end of a cord 21 which is passed around two pulleys or sets of pulleys 22ª, 23^
and has its other end fixed to a stationary part on the drum, the rods 19ª being pivoted

page_text: to the drum 3 at 19³ and provided with a spring 19 that tends to move the said rods
and weight outward. The pulleys 22 are mounted on the inovable distance piece 8
(Fig. 16) or on the connecting piece 7, the pulley 23 (or pulleys) being mounted on
the drum 3. With this arrangement, when the governor weights proper have a
tendency to move inward, outward movement of the closing weight. 18 is permitted
that acts to hasten the inward or closing movement of the said governor weights.
Each of the governor weights 18 may be provided at one or at opposite sides with
a buffer or buffers. In Fig. 17 the weight 18, which is shown pulling on one of the
lower plies of the cord 21 is provided at opposite sides with two buffers 18%, the inner
one to abut against the adjacent spring blade 9 and the outer one to abut against an
adjustable stop pin 23 carried by the casting 23" in which the corresponding set of -
pulleys 23 is mounted.
To enable the speed regulating mechanism of governors of the kind hereinbefore:
referred to, to be adjusted whilst the engine is running, there is fixed upon the worm
spindle 17, according to the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 to 4, a toothed wheel 27
that is in gear with another toothed wheel 28 pivoted to the drum 3. On the two
toothed wheels 27 and 28 are fixed two chain wheels 27 and 28" respectively which
are connected by endless chains 29 and 30 to two chain wheels 31 and 32 provided
respectively with brake band pulleys 31" and 32". The chain wheel 31 is freely
mounted on the governor shaft 33 and is formed with a sleeve 31* to which the brake
pulley 31 is fixed. On the sleeve between the chain wheel 31 and the brake
pulley 31, is mounted to rotate, the combined chain wheel 32 and brake band pulley 32".
31 and 32 are the brake bands connected to separate brake operating levers. 31, 32°
for the pulleys 31 and 32ª respectively. As will be seen the arrangement is such
that by braking the one or other set of wheels by means of one or other brake
band whilst the governor drum is rotating, the worm spindle 17 and consequently the
right and left handed screw 13, will be rotated in one direction or the other so that
the resistance of the spring blades 9 will be increased or decreased and the speed of
the engine controlled by the governor will be consequently raised or lowered. Means,
such as a bell, may be provided for giving an indication when the limit of speeding is
arrived at in one direction or the other.
Fig. 10 shows a modified arrangement of speed regulating and adjusting mechanism
which however is not herein separately claimed. In this arrangement the right and
left handed screw 13 has fixed to it a spur wheel 14* adapted to be rotated by a
rack 34 that is arranged to work through one side of the drum and is fixed to a
disc 35. This disc is feathered upon the governor shaft 33 and is capable of being
moved endways by a lever 36 the free end of which is forked and slotted and
connected to pins 37 on a non-rotary sleeve 38 mounted on the hollow boss 33" of
the disc 35. 38 is a collar for holding the sleeve endways on the boss.
As will be obvious governor weights, cords and pulleys designed to act in the
manner described can advantageously be used in various constructions of engine
governors of the shaft type having shifting eccentrics arranged to move in a direction
more or less transverse to the axis of the governor shaft.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. An engine governor of the shaft type wherein the shifting eccentric is arranged
to be moved in one direction transverse to the axis of the governor shaft by the
centrifugal action of one or more weights acting upon the eccentric supporting
mechanism through one or more cord and pulley arrangements against the action of
one or more springs which effect the movement of the eccentric in the opposite
direction, substantially as described.
2. An engine governor of the kind referred to in the preceding claim in which the
cord and pulley arrangement, or each such arrangement, comprises a cord passing
two or more times around pulleys carried by the governor mechanism and pulleys
carried by the governor drum whereby the cord and pulleys form a locking arrange-

page_text: ment that prevents the shifting eccentric interfering with the action of the governor
weight or weights and obviates the use of dash pots or equivalent braking or con-
trolling devices, substantially as described.
3. In the construction of engine governors of the type described in the specification
of Letters Patent No. 12496 of 1894 and No. 20960 of 1894 the employment of
governor weights connected to the curved spring blades through cord and pulley
arrangements, substantially as herein before described for the purposes specified.
4. An engine-governor of the kind referred to in-the-preceding claims-wherein
the-governor-weight-or each such-weight-weting upon-a-cord-or-pulley-arrangement
as-set forth is carried by rods or bars forming a parallel-motion, subetantially
As described.
My improved engine governors wherein the governor weights are mounted
and arranged and are connected to the spring blades carrying the shifting eccentric
through compound cord and pulley arrangements substantially as herein before
described with reference respectively to and shown in Figs. 1 and 2; in Figs. 5, 5"
and 5 in Figs. 6 and 6"; in Figs. 7 and 7"; in Fig. 8; and in Figs. 9 to 12
inclusive of the drawings annexed.
56. In an engine governor of the kind herein referred to the combination with
the speed regulating mechanism for varying the stiffness of the spring blades 9, of
speed adjusting mechanism constructed arranged and operating substantially as
herein before described with reference to and shown in Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings
annexed.
Dated this 23rd day of May 1898.
For the Applicant,
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd July, 1897
Complete Specification Left, 23rd May, 1898-Accepted, 23rd July, 1898
Improv
I, ARTHUR SAMUEL FRANCIS ROBINSON, of the Vale of White Horse Iron Works,
Wantage, in the County of Berks, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention has reference to engine governors of the shaft type in which the
position of the shifting eccentric is controlled by the centrifugal action of weights
through bent flexible or spring arms or blades, (hereinafter called the spring blades)
that are connected at one end to the fly wheel drum or disc (hereinafter called the
drum) in or on which the governor is mounted and at the other end to the shifting
eccentric. Governors of this type are described in the Specifications of former
Letters Patent granted to me Nos. 12496 and 20960 both of 1894.
Now according to this invention in order to avoid the use of heavy governor
weights, especially. for low speed governors, I employ governor weights that are
located at some distance from the curved spring blades, and generally near to the
periphery of the governor drum and are mounted upon the free ends of rods or
spring bars pivoted or fixed to the governor drum, and I connect the said weights to
the curved spring blades by one or more ribbons, chains, cords, or like flexible con-
nectors (hereinafter called bands) that pass around guide pulleys carried by the
curved spring blades, and also it may be other guide pulleys pivoted to the drum or
to the weights, rods or bars and are connected at their respective ends to the weights
and drum, or to the drum alone, or are endless, the arrangement in each case being
such that when the governor is rotating the said weights act indirectly upon the
said spring blades through the bands. In this way the weights can be reduced in.
size and their traverse increased, thereby enhancing the sensitiveness of the
governor.
As will be obvious governor weights, connecting bands and guide pulleys designed
to act on the curved spring blades of the governor in the manner described can be
variously arranged. Each of the spring blades, of which there are ordinarily two,
will usually be laminated that is to say, be composed of two or more strips of flat
steel. Such a compound spring is herein included in the term spring blade.
In one arrangement, there are two governor weights each carried by a rod or
spring arm pivoted or fixed to the governor drum and connected to the corresponding
spring blade by a steel band that passes around a guide pulley pivoted between the
jaws of a bifurcated device (herein called the bridle casting) fixed to the central
curved portion of the spring blade. One end of the band is fixed to a stirrup
shaped holder pivoted to the free extremity of the pivoted rod or spring arm and
the other end has secured to it a screw that is secured by a nut to another stirrup
shaped holder pivoted to the drum, the arrangement being such that any desired

page_text: initial stress can be put upon the band and the spring blade to which it is connected
and an exact adjustment of length of band can be obtained so that each weight
exerts the same pull. Outward movement of the weights may be limited by stops
adjustably fixed to the periphery of the drum and arranged in the path of plugs
of cushioning material carried by the weights, inward movement of the rods or bars
being limited by pins on the drum. Or other suitable means may be provided for
limiting the outward movement of the weights. Inward movement of the curved
spring blades may be limited by stops fixed or adjustable, on the governor boss or
sleeve against which plugs of cushioning material on the bridle castings can act.
In a modified arrangement, each band after passing around the guide pulley
carried by the corresponding spring blade, passes around a guide pulley pivoted to
the governor drum before it passes to the holder by which it is connected to the
drum.
In another arrangement each of the governor weights is carried by two pivoted
rods or spring bars, or two pairs of pivoted rods or spring bars, that are connected
to opposite sides of the weight and extend in opposite directions therefrom so as to
act as a parallel motion for the weight and enable the same to move outward in
a straight line instead of a curved one. Each weight is arranged to pull on the
corresponding spring blade by a band connected at one end to the weight and passing
around a guide pulley connected may be by links to the bridle casting on the
spring blade and also it may be around a pulley pivoted to the drum to which its
other end is connected.
In another arrangement there are four weights each mounted on a pivoted rod or
spring bar, two of them being connected by separate bands to pulleys pivoted or
linked to the bridle casting of one of the spring blades and the other two being
similarly connected by two other separate bands to pulleys connected to the other
spring blade. Each pair of bands is connected at one end to the corresponding pair
of rods or arms and at their other ends to the opposite arms of a lever or disc pivoted
to the drum and capable of being adjusted so that one band can be slackened out and
Or the lever or disc may be
the other taken up simultaneously, by one movement.
free to turn so that the bands may be self adjusting.
In a modification of this arrangement, each pair of weights is connected to the
ends of a band that passes around a guide pulley pivoted or linked to the bridle
casting of the corresponding spring blade and also it may be around a pulley pivoted
to the drum.
In another arrangement there are two oppositely arranged weights carried by
pivoted or spring arms and connected by a band that passes around guide pulleys
pivoted to the drum and around guide pulleys mounted in a frame or holder connected
to the free ends of the spring blades which are thus pressed endways by the centri-
fugal action of the weights, the carrying rods or bars of which may be reversely
arranged.
In a modification of this arrangement, each of the two governor weights is
connected to a separate band that passes around one of two pulleys mounted in
a frame or holder secured to the free or movable ends of the spring blades, and
also around a pulley pivoted to the drum, and is finally secured to the drum.
Instead of each band passing around a single pulley on the corresponding spring
blade and on the drum, or weight, it may pass around two or more pulleys
spring blade and a corresponding number on the drum, or weight or both.
on the
To enable the speed regulating mechanism, of a governor of the kind mentioned to
be readily adjusted, there is provided in connection with the screw shaft and
a worm wheel fast thereon for operating such mechanism, adjusting mechanism com-
prising a worn that is in gear with the said worm wheel and is fast on a spindle the
outer end of which extends through the side of the drum opposite to that at which
the shifting eccentric is located. To obtain either greater or less speed by means of
"braking" solely, I may employ two double chain wheels that are loose on the crank
shaft and one of which communicates with the worm by direct drive and the other by
means of an intermediate spur wheel or pinion gearing with a spur wheel keyed to-the

page_text: worm shaft. One of the double chain wheels may consist of a chain wheel fast on
one end of a sleeve that is mounted on the crank shaft and has the other chain
wheel of the set fixed to its opposite end so as to leave a space between it
and the first wheel in which the other double chain wheel is mounted to run on
the sleeve.
The outer wheel of each, set of wheels on the crank-shaft is operated by a separate
chain and brake wheel detached from the crank shaft, or the said wheels may
themselves be made to serve as brake wheels. By braking the one or the other
set of wheels, the resistance of the weighted spring blades is increased or decreased,
and the speed raised or lowered.
For giving an indication when the limit of speeding is arrived at one way or
the, other, a bell is made to ring at the completion of the in or out movement of
the hinged parts carrying the spring blades, or the wheels on the worm shaft may be
held in place by frictional contact which will yield when either limit on the adjusting
screw is reached.
Improvements in Engine Governors.
I, ARTHUR SAMUEL FRANCIS ROBINSON, of the Vale of White Horse Iron Works,
Wantage, in the County of Berks, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention has reference to engine governors of the shaft type in which the
position of the shifting eccentric is controlled by the centrifugal action of weights
through bent flexible or spring arms or blades, (hereinafter called the spring
blades) that are connected at one end to the fly wheel drum or disc (hereinafter
called the drum) in or on which the governor is mounted and at the other end
to the shifting eccentric. Governors of this type are described in the Specifica-
tions of former Letters Patent granted to me Nos. 12496 and 20960 both of
1894.
Now according to this invention, in order to avoid the use of heavy governor
weights, especially for low speed governors, I employ governor weights that are
located at some distance from the curved spring blades, and generally near to the
periphery of the governor drum and are mounted upon the free ends of rods or spring
bars pivoted or fixed to the governor drum, and I connect the said weights to the
curved spring blades by one or more ribbons, chains, wire ropes, cords, or like flexible
connectors (hereinafter called cords) that pass around guide pulleys carried by the
curved spring blades, and also it may be other guide pulleys pivoted to the drum
and are connected at their respective ends to the weights and drum, or to the drum
alone, or are endless, the arrangement in each case being such that when the
governor is rotating, the said weights act indirectly upon the said spring blades
through the cords. In this way the weights can be reduced in size and their
traverse increased, thereby enhancing the sensitiveness of the governor.
As will be obvious governor weights, connecting cords and guide pulleys
designed to act on the shifting eccentric through the curved spring blades of the
governor in the manner described can be variously arranged. Each of the spring..
-

page_text: blades, of which there are ordinarily two, will usually be laminated that is to say, be
composed of two or more strips of flat steel. Such a compound spring is herein
included in the term spring blade.
+
In order that the nature of my invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed to describe by the aid of the accompanying illustrative drawings, the best
ways now known to me for carrying the same into practice.
Fig. 1 shows partly in end elevation and partly in transverse section, and Fig. 2 in
horizontal section, a shaft governor. of the kind referred to embodying my present
invention the means for adjusting the speed regulating mechanism of the governor
being omitted. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the same end of the governor as that
- represented in Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 is a side elevation partly in longitudinal section,
showing one arrangement of means for adjusting the speed regulating mechanism of
the governor.
1 is the shifting eccentric and 2 a guide plate arranged to slide at opposite sides of
the governor drum 3 which has a hollow boss 3*. The eccentric and plate are
connected together by bolts 4 and distance pieces 4" that work in slots 5 in the sides
of the drum and are connected to lugs 6 on the drum by spring radius blades 6
forming a parallel motion, so that the eccentric 1 moves in a practically straight line
across the axis of the governor shaft. To one of the distance pieces 4*, is secured a
connecting strip or blade 7 by which the eccentric 1 and attached parts are connected
through distance pieces 8 to the free ends of two spring blades 9 of laminated spring
steel the other ends of which, stiffened by additional strips of steel, ar connected at 10
to levers 11 that are pivoted at 12, to a fixed bar, or to the dru a direct so that
they can be moved towards and from each other by speed regulting mechanism
comprising a right and left handed screw 13 which, in the arrangement now being
described, is driven by a worm wheel 14 and worm 15 and acts upon nuts 16
carried by the ends of the levers 11. 17 is the worm spindle that extends through
one side of the drum and is operated as hereinafter described. The foregoing parts are
constructed and arranged to operate substantially in the manner described in my said
former specifications.
18 are the governor weights, which instead of being carried by the spring blades
or equivalent parts, as in former constructions of shaft governors, are each secured to
the free end of a rod or spring arm 19 (or pair of rods or spring arms) pivoted at 20
to the governor drum 3, and also to one end portion of a cord 21 which is passed one
or more times around two sets of grooved pulleys 22 and 23 and is fixed at its other
end to the drum at 6°. The pulleys 22 are pivoted between the jaws of a holder 24
fixed to the central portion of the corresponding spring blade 9 and provided with a
buffer 25 that abuts against the boss 3x of the drum 3 when the governor is at rest.
The pulleys 23 are pivoted to the drum. Each cord 21 in the example now being
described, passes three times around its set of pulleys 22 and twice around its
sets of pulleys 23, the whole forming a compound cord and pulley arrangement
between the corresponding governor weight 18 and spring blade 9. The end
portion 21 of each cord 21 to which the weight 18 is connected, may conveniently
be fixed to the adjacent lug 6ª on the drum so as to limit the inward movement
of the weight, but other means may obviously be used for the purpose.
In Figs. 1 and 2 the parts are shown in the positions they occupy when the
governor is at rest. When the governor is set in motion the weights 18 move outward
under the action of centrifugal force and pull upon the cords 21 so as to thereby
shorten the distance between the pulleys 22 and 23 of each set against the action of
the spring blades 9 which are consequently bent outward to a greater extent and
cause the eccentric 1 to move more or less in a direction transverse to the governor
shaft, the elasticity of the said spring blades serving to move the weights and eccentric
in the reverse direction when the speed of the governor falls below the normal.
resistance to motion caused by the cord and pulley arrangement serves to effectually
lock the eccentric in all positions into which it is moved, and consequently imparts
great stability to the governor. The compound cord and pulley arrangement thus
acts as a looking arrangement to hold the shifting eccentric in such a manner that it.
The

page_text: cannot influence the governor weights in the way it can and does influence them.in
governors in which the eccentric and weights are connected together through direct
and rigid connections. Consequently my invention enables the dash pots or equivalent
braking or controlling devices usually employed in shaft governors to be dispensed
with. Also by reason of the weights being placed nearer to the periphery of the
drum than usual, they can be made light and are rendered very sensitive to variations
in changes of velocity of the druin so that the governor will act very promptly to
correct variations in speed.
Fig. 5 shows partly in end elevation, with the end cover of the governor drum
removed, and partly in transverse section and Fig. 5" in horizontal section, a modified
arrangement of the governor weights and cord and pulley arrangement especially suited
for high speeds. Fig. 5b is a detail view of a weight drawn to a larger scale than
Figs. 5 and 5º. In this arrangement each cord 21 is secured at its two ends to the
corresponding pairs of lugs 6 on the governor drum 3 and passes around sets of
pulleys 22 and 23 and also around the corresponding weight 18 which is suitably
grooved for the purpose (see Fig. 5) and acts directly upon one of the upper
horizontal plies of the cord.
Fig. 6 is a part side elevation and Fig. 6ª a part plan, showing a modified arrange-
ment in which each of the governor weights 18, of which only one is shown is carried
by two pairs of pivoted rods or bars 19 that are connected to opposite sides of the
weight and extend in opposite directions therefrom so as to act as a parallel motion
for the weight and enable the same to move outward in a practically straight line
instead of a curved one, relatively to the drum. Each weight 18 is arranged to pull
on the corresponding spring blade 9 by a metal band or ribbon 21* connected at one
end to the weight by a pivoted stirrup shaped holder 21° an 1 passing around a single
guide pulley 22 connected it may be by links 24" to the bridle casting or holder 24 on
the said spring blade, its other end being secured to a screw 6' that is secured by
nuts 6e to another stirrup shaped holder 6 pivoted to the drum 3, the arrangement
being such that any desired initial stress can be put upon the band or ribbon 21* and
the spring blade 9 to which it is connected, and an exact adjustment of the length of
the band or ribbon can be obtained so that each weight shall exert practically the same
pull. As will be obvious the weight shown in the arrangement illustrated in Figs. 6
and 6 might, if desired, be carried by a single pivoted or spring rod or pair of rods 19
in which case it woull move in a circular path, as in the arrangements shown in Figs. 1
to 5 inclusive.
Figs. 7 and 7" are similar views to Figs. 6 and 6 respectively showing a modified
arrangement in which each weight carried by the two pairs of parallel motion rods 19
is made in two parts 18, 18 that are connected through their connecting pin 21%
with one end of a wire rope or cord 21 that passes around pulleys 22 connected with
the corresponding spring blade 9 and also around a pivoted pulley 23 (or pulleys)
carried by the drum 3, the other end of the cord being connected to a lug 6ª on the
drum.
In the modified construction of governor, part of which is shown in Fig. 8, there
are four weights 18 each carried by a pivoted bar 19, or pair of bars, and each
connected to one end of a separate cord 21 that passes around the pulleys 22 and 23
and is connected at the opposite end to a lug 6 on the drum. Thus, in this case,
each spring blade 9 is acted upon by two weights through a compound cord and
pulley arrangement comprising two independent cords.
Figs. 9 and 10 are part sectional elevations at right angles to each other, Fig. 11
a part plan and Fig. 12 a part end elevation showing a further modification. In this
arrangement there is used a single cord 21 that passes, as shown, around a tightening
up pulley 21 and around the four sets of pulleys 22 and 23, its two ends being
secured to lugs 6* on the drum 3, and the spindle of the said tightening up
pulley 21 being radially adjustable in the slot 21 in the drum. By the use of a
single cord, the governor weights 18 are enabled to automatically find their own
proper equi-distance from the centre of the drum. In this modified construction, the
eccentric 1 is fixed as by a screw, on a reversing plate 1 which is connected by the

page_text: bolts 4 and distance pieces 4* to the guide plate 2 and is formed with a ring 1b that
is concentric to the governor shaft. This arrangement simplifies the reversing and
enables an eccentric of any desired stroke to be placed on the same governor. To
reverse, it is only necessary to unfix the governor drum, to then turn it half way
round upon its shaft and refix it, then to unfix the eccentric 1 on the plate 1 to then
turn to its proper position and refix it. The distance pieces 4ª between the eccentric 1
and guide plate 2 are made of curved section and four bolts 4 are used instead of two
as before for connecting the said eccentric and guide plate together. Also two con-
necting strips or blades 7 instead of one are used to connect one of the said distance
pieces 4 to the distance piece 8 which is made as a forging screwed at the ends and
secured between the free ends of the spring blades 9 by nuts 8". For the purpose of
preventing sideways movement of the free ends of the spring blade 9 and ensuring
proper driving of the eccentric 1, there may be used a spring blade 7 that is fixed at
one end to the drum and at the other end to a projecting part 7 connected with the
movable end of one of the said spring blades.
The two cords 21 shown in Fig. 1, instead of being fixed at one end to the
upper lugs 6 on the drum, may, as indicated at 21%, be each led back over one of
the pulleys 23 in eacli set, thence around a guide pulley 21d pivoted on the drum and
the two cords be connected together by a tightening up device, for example a right
and left handed screw 21, so that the two cords in effect constitute a single cord as
in Figs. 9 and 10. The governor weights can also be arranged at equal distances
from the centre of the drum by suitably adjusting the cords 21 through and fixing
them to the said weights by hand.
To prevent accident in the event of either of the cords 21 breaking, the governor
is provided with a safety device which in the example shown in Figs. 9 and 10,
comprises a pair of lever cams 3ª pivoted to one of the distance pieces 4ª at 3° and
connected by links 3d to the pivoted weighted rods 19, the arrangement being such
that should the cord 21 break, the cams 3ª will be forced by the outward movement
of the weighted rods 19, against the boss 3* of the governor and so force the distance
piece 4" to which they are pivoted away from the boss sufficiently to bring the
eccentric 1 into the position of mid gear.
To enable a greater range of speeding to be obtained than is possible by adjusting
the spring blades 9 alone, each of the weighted arms 19 may, as shown in Fig. 13 be
connected by a coiled spring 19" to a relatively fixed part of the governor, such as an
arm 19" fixed either to the pivoted lever arm 11 to which the adjacent spring blade 9
is fixed, or, as in the arrangement shown, bolted against the fixed end of the spring
blade itself.
Fig. 14 shows another way of increasing the range of speeding by retarding the
outward movement of the governor weights 18. In this case each weight 18 is carried
by a pair of spring blades 19° stiffened by intermediate spring blades 19 and fixed at
their lower ends to an arm 19° which is pivoted to the drum 3 at 19 and connected
by a link 11ª to an extension 11 of a washer 11° connected to the lever 11 to which
the adjacent spring blade 9 is fixed. By this arrangement when the two levers 11
(one out of which is shown) are drawn together by the right and left handed screw 13
to stiffen the spring blades 9, the spring arms 19° carrying the weights 18 will also
be stiffened and offer a greater resistance to outward movement of the governor
weights 18.
Instead of fixing the stiffened ends of the spring blades 9 to levers 11 as herein-
before described, they may, as shown in Fig. 15, be fixed to lugs 11d on a plate 11°
bolted to the drum 3, aud the levers 11 be each provided at one side with a cam 11
arranged to abut against and stiffen the adjacent spring blade 9 when the two levers
áre moved towards each other by the screw 13.
To assist the closing movement of the spring blades 9 used in each of the arrange-
ments herein before described, there may, as shown in Fig. 16, or in Fig. 16" be
employed a closing weight 18 that is carried by a pair of rods 19 and is connected
to one end of a cord 21ª which is passed around two pulleys or sets of pulleys 22ª, 23*
and has its other end fixed to a stationary part on the drum, the rods 19ª being pivoted

page_text: to the drum 3 at 19B and provided with a spring 19 that tends to move the said rods
and weight outward. The pulleys 22 are mounted on the movable distance piece 8.
(Fig. 16) or on the connecting piece 7, the pulley 23 (or pulleys) being mounted on
the drum 3. With this arrangement, when the governor weights proper have a
tendency to move inward, outward movement of the closing weight 18 is permitted
that acts to hasten the inward or closing movement of the said governor weights.
Each of the governor weights 18 may be provided at one or at opposite sides with.
a buffer or buffers. In Fig. 17 the weight 18, which is shown pulling on one of the
lower plies of the cord 21 is provided at opposite sides with two buffers 18%, the inner
one to abut against the adjacent spring blade 9 and the outer one to abut against an
adjustable stop pin 23 carried by the casting 23" in which the corresponding set of
pulleys 23 is mounted.
To enable the speed regulating mechanism of governors of the kind hereinbefore.
referred to, to be adjusted whilst the engine is running, there is fixed upon the worm
spindle 17, according to the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 to 4, a toothed wheel 27
that is in gear with another toothed wheel 28 pivoted to the drum 3. On the two
toothed wheels 27 and 28 are fixed two chain wheels 27 and 28 respectively which
are connected by endless chains 29 and 30 to two chain wheels 31 and 32 provided
respectively with brake band pulleys 31" and 32". The chain wheel 31 is freely
mounted on the governor shaft 33 and is formed with a sleeve 31x to which the brake
pulley 31 is fixed. On the sleeve between the chain wheel 31 and the brake
pulley 31", is mounted to rotate, the combined chain wheel 32 and brake band pulley 32".
31 and 32 are the brake bands connected to separate brake operating levers 31°, 32°
for the pulleys 31" and 32ª respectively. As will be seen the arrangement is such
that by braking the one or other set of wheels by means of one or other brake
band whilst the governor drum is rotating, the worm spindle 17 and consequently the
right and left handed screw 13, will be rotated in one direction or the other so that
the resistance of the spring blades 9 will be increased or decreased and the speed of
the engine controlled by the governor will be consequently raised or lowered. Means,
such as a bell, may be provided for giving an indication when the limit of speeding is
arrived at in one direction or the other.
Fig. 10 shows a modified arrangement of speed regulating and adjusting mechanism
which however is not herein separately claimed. In this arrangement the right and
left handed screw 13 has fixed to it a spur wheel 14" adapted to be rotated by a
rack 34 that is arranged to work through one side of the drum and is fixed to a
dise 35. This disc is feathered upon the governor shaft 33 and is capable of being
moved endways by a lever 36 the free end of which is forked and slotted and
connected to pins 37 on a non-rotary sleeve 38 mounted on the hollow boss 33ª of
the disc 35. 38b is a collar for holding the sleeve endways on the boss.
As will be obvious governor weights, cords and pulleys designed to act in the
manner described can advantageously be used in various constructions of engine
governors of the shaft type having shifting eccentrics arranged to move in a direction
inore or less transverse to the axis of the governor shaft.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invertion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. An engine governor of the shaft type wherein the shifting eccentric is arranged
to be moved in one direction transverse to the axis of the governor shaft by the
centrifugal action of one or more weights acting upon the eccentric supporting
mechanism through one or more cord and pulley arrangements against the action of
one or more springs which effect the movement of the eccentric in the opposite
direction, substantially as described.
2. An engine governor of the kind referred to in the preceding claim in which the
cord and pulley arrangement, or each such arrangement, comprises a cord passing
two or more times around pulleys carried by the governor mechanism and pulleys
carried by the governor drum whereby the cord and pulleys form a locking arrange-

page_text: ment that prevents the shifting eccentric interfering with the action of the governor
weight or weights and obviates the use of dash pots or equivalent braking or con-
trolling devices, substantially as described.
3. In the construction of engine governors of the type described in the specification
of Letters Patent No. 12496 of 1894 and No. 20960 of 1894 the employment of
governor weights connected to the curved spring blades through cord and pulley
arrangements, substantially as herein before described for the purposes specified.
4. An-engine-governor of the kind referred to in the preceding claims- wherein
the governor-weight-or each such-weight-neting upon-a-cord-or-puller-arrangement
as set forth is carried by rods or burs forming a parallel motion, substantially
ns described:
My improved engine governors wherein the governor weights are mounted
and arranged and are connected to the spring blades carrying the shifting eccentric
through compound cord and pulley arrangements substantially as hereinbefore
described with reference respectively to and shown in Figs. 1 and 2; in Figs. 5, 5
and 5 in Figs. 6 and 6"; in Figs. 7 and 7"; in Fig. 8; and in Figs. 9 to 12
inclusive of the drawings annexed.
56. In an engine governor of the kind herein referred to the combination with
the speed regulating mechanism for varying the stiffness of the spring blades 9, of
speed adjusting mechanism constructed arranged and operating substantially as
hereinbefore described with reference to and shown in Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings
annexed.
ted this 23rd day or may 1890.
For the Applicant,
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.