Improvements in Gas Heated Ovens for Baking and other Purposes.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Nov., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 18th Aug., 1891-Accepted, 17th Oct., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas Heated Ovens for Baking and other
Purposes.
We ROBERT ANDREWS GILSON Merchant of 180 Union Street Southwark in
the County of Surrey and WILLIAM JOSEPH BOOER Engineer of 180 Union
Street Southwark in the County of Surrey do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to heat baking ovens quicker and at the same
time to secure a better combustion of the gas without smoke.
For this purpose we make use of a number (varying according to the size of the
oven) of our patent burners as described and shown in the Specification and drawings
of Patent No. 12,298 Sept. 1886 fixing them at each of the front corners of the
oren along with louvre regulators to admit the necessary amount of air to produce
complete combustion.
These burners are placed under the roof or crown of the oven radiating from
the corners so that the flame shall nearly cover the roof or crown of the oven with
flame.
We construct a number of flues to carry away or provide exit quickly for the
steam formed on first lighting the gas, these flues are controlled by dampers or
registers in such a manner that the heat can be forced or directed to different parts
of the oven as required.
The roof or crown of the oven is formed of fire clay quarries supported upon
tee iron girders, the gas flame plays upon this roof or crown and is directed towards
the head of the oven, this roof or crown stop about three inches short of the head
of the oven leaving an opening, the heat and products of combustion pass up this
opening round the end of the roof or crown and is then divided into flues and caused
to pass to the front of the oven thus heating in its passage both the under and
upper side of the roof or crown.
At the front of the oven a number of dampers or registers control the heat and
products of combustion passing through these flues, and by closing any of these
dampers or registers the heat that would pass through the flue when the damper or
register is open is forced to pass through the other flue or flues having the damper
or register open.
By closing all the dampers or registers the heat gathered by the fire clay quarries
and bricks forming the roof or crown and the covering of the flues is retained in
the oven for the purpose of baking.
No gas is required to be burning during the baking and baking may be continued
for a long time with the heat retained in the oven.
This invention can be applied to the ordinary bakers oven now in use and thereby
make them smokeless.
It is also applicable for the purposes of annealing glass or iron in sheets or. in
manufactured articles and for other purposes.
Dated this 24th day of November 1890.
ROBT. A. GILSON.
WILLIAM JOSEPH BOOER.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas Heated Ovens for Baking and other
Pürposes.
ROBERT ANDREWS GILSON Merchant and WILLIAM JOSEPH BOOER
Engineer both of 180 Union Street Southwark in the County of Surrey do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
The above invention refers to an oven with inserted plate and gas heating
arranged in the corners at both sides of the working door, the flames of which for
the purpose of acquiring the most intense heat from above graze the inserted plate
on both sides. In order to bring the less heated parts equally to the desired degree
of warmth if perhaps the heat of the different parts of the plate should be inequal,
the space above the inserted plate is divided into several flues which tenn be
regulated separately thus that it is possible to direct the hot burning gas which acts
as fuel as required either distributed equally over the plate or only over some parts
of it.
Fig. 1, of the drawing shows a specimen of the oven in 'horizontal section through
the baking, space.
Fig. 2, is a front view of the oven.
Fig. 3, a vertical cross section through the middle of the oven.
Fig. 4, a vertical longitudinal section through the middle of the oven.
Fig. 5, a vertical cross section through the front part of the oven.
Fig. 6, 7, 8 represent a vertical longitudinal section, a view of the lower part or
bottom and a horizontal longitudinal section through one of the burners.
Its shown in Fig. 1 the oven is cut off at the corners of both sides of the entrance
opening to arrange conveniently the heating apparatus consisting of a group of
burners arranged in form of jet burners (rays).
case
The burners Fig. 6. 7, 8 are arranged after the manner of Bunsen burners, the gas
comes out through a short pipe which is fixed in a lower open globular c
(hood). Through the opening of the hood enters the air which mixes with the
gas inside the tube joined to the hood at the other end of a nozzle is fixed
which connects the mixing tube b³ with the mouth piece 5" which is in front-pressed
flat oval together.
The nozzle is divided in two, in order to be able to arrange in it a wire gauze 6º
(as described in our Patent 12298 Sept. 1886). The ring to which the wire
gauze is soldered serves at the same time as a connection for the 'two 'parts of the
nozzle. The mouth piece pressed flat above and below produces a flame strongly
spread out in a horizontal direction.
A number of these burners are joined radially to a tube in form of a curve
Fig. which serves for the distribution of the gas coming in 'through
piped Fig. 5..
The burners are kept together by means of two curved iron-bands'e Fig. 1 'which
are connected between the burners by bolts.
The groups of burners are arranged in a manner that the burners have a position
somewhat ascending and the flame spreads out directly under the inserted plate f
Fig:4.
Below the group of burners is arranged an opening for air g Fig. 5 with the
louvre damper h Fig. 5 through this air opening, air enters and the burners are
lighted for which purpose in the principal pipe d a short tube i is fixed to be shut
off by means of a tap, on which an india rubber pipe is put, at the other end of
which a sufficiently long iron pipe is fastened. It is only necessary to light one
burner in each group as the flame communicates itself to the other burners forming
one broad flame which spreads out on the lower part of the inserted plate f.. -That
in

page_text: That
the latter may resist continually this strong heat it is composed of fire proof
quarries or plates which repose on tee bars & Fig. 4 inserted across the oven.
the flange of the bar may not stand out on the lower part of the inserted plate f
which would prevent the draft of the flame at the top of the oven, the plates are
hooked out or rebated so that their lower side lies even with the lower side of the
tee iron bars.
At the back part of the inserted plate f Fig. 4 the burning gas ascends into the
flues immediately above the plate these flues increase in height towards the front
of the oven, and are divided by vertical walls & Fig. 3 into different flues m Fig. 3
which empty themselves at the common flue or chimney n. Any of these flues may
however be shut by slide or damper o, in order to guide the burning gas through
the flues of the less heated parts, in case of unequal heat the shutting up of the
flues of those parts already heated strongly, partly or entirely will procure a pretty
equal warmth of the whole of the inserted plate.
It is evident that the strongly and equally heated plate furnishes an excellent
heat for baking and other purposes.
As soon as the oven is sufficiently heated, the gas supply is stopped, and the
Hues mare shut up with the slides o. In order to let out the steam not required
for baking, or when the oven door is opened to take out the goods baked, or when
putting goods in the oven, to prevent the steam rushing into the bakehouse or the
bakers face a canal or flue p Fig. 4 is provided in the front wall of the oven,
proceeding from the top of the entrance which is shut by an outer door r Fig. 4
and empties itself into the chimney. It is desirable to arrange a layer of sand
Fig. 4 above the covering of the flues made of fire quarries half lapped or rebated
together.
Having thus described the nature of our invention and the manner of per-
forming the same we would have it understood that we claim as our improvements
in bakers ovens and other ovens.
First. A bakers oven with inserted plate and two apertures for gas heating
arranged in the corners at the side of the entrance opening formed by Bunsen
burners put together in the form of rays the united flames impinging upon the under
surface of the inserted plate and then upon the crown or roof of the oven.
Second. With an oven according to claim (first) the arrangement of several
singly regulative flues m above inserted plate to direct the heating gas across the
less hot parts of same.
.
KUBI. A. GILSON.
W. J. BOOER.