An Improved Spanner or Wrench.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Mar., 1892
Complete Specification Left. 14th Dec.. 1892-Accepted. 21st Jan.. 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Spanner or Wrench.
EDMUND ALLEYNE COOK Horkesley Sheen Park Richmond in the County of
Surrey, Surgeon do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to save labour in fixing or unfixing nuts and bolts,
and also to protect the nuts from being damaged by the repeated applications of the
wrenches that are ordinarily used.
For these purposes, I make a revolving boss, having a square or polygonal_eye,
with a toothed or roughened surface to its periphery, to fit into the end of a lever
or handle with a circular aperture prepared for its reception. The boss is made to
revolve by means of a paul, pressed by a spring upon the toothed wheel-or, by a
wedge, roller, or ball acting as a clutch upon the roughened surface of the
periphery on the lever or handle being pressed forward.
The clutch or ratchet is released by the backward action of the lever, thereby
obtaining an intermittant motion to the boss, without removing the spanner.
Dated this 16th day of March 1892.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Spanner or Wrench.
EDMUND ALLEYNE COOK Horkesley Sheen Park Richmond Surrey, Surgeon
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The object of this invention is to save time in the removal of railway and other
bolts, by abolishing the necessity of continually removing and replacing it, on the
nut at each turn of the lever, as is the case in the spanner now used.
To accomplish this end, I construct a lever, with one extremity flattened and
slotted for the reception of a sliding paul, on both sides of which I screw or rivet a
plate, having a circular aperture projecting beyond its length-thus forming a box
to hold the paul in position, and also for a revolving boss which it is intended to
receive.
In the centre of this revolving boss, I make a square or polygonal eye,
corresponding to the size and shape of the nuts it is to move; and on each edge of
the periphery I make a rim or shoulder, to fit and revolve in the apertures of the
two plates above described.
In the centre of the periphery of this boss, I make projecting ratchet teeth,
which serve as a means of propulsion, and also of keeping the boss in its proper
position, between the two plates screwed to the lever.
I then make a paul to fit loosely in the slot of the lever, so as to allow it to move
freely upon the ratchet teeth of the boss.
The end of the paul being suitably shaped to engage with those teeth. In the
slot, behind the paul, I place a spiral spring which has a continual tendency to
force the latter upon the ratchet periphery of the boss.
In this simple device, it is obvious, that on a backward motion being given to the
lever, the paul is forced back in the slot by the inclined planes of the ratchet on
which it rests: but on a forward motion being given to the lever, the paul engages
with the teeth on the boss, and holds it firmly, whilst the motion thus given is
imparted to it, and consequently to the nut on which it is placed; an easy backward
77

page_text: and forward motion can thus be continued, until the nut is removed or driven quite
home-thereby accomplishing the object of this invention.
I do not limit myself to the minor details of construction in this arrangement, as
it is obvious.that the plate & the extremity of the lever, can be made out of one
piece of metal with only one plate loose; or the whole can be made in halves, and
afterwards fixed to the lever, without affecting either the internal construction, or
shape here set forth. .
For some kinds of work, I prefer the rotating boss in my invention being
propelled by a clutch action, in which case a slight modification is necessary-
make the boss without teeth on its projecting periphery and I place a wedge
between the boss and the extremity of the lever, in lieu of the paul-which affects
the same purpose as the ratchet, more fully described and illustrated by the
accompanying drawings which I now explain―
Fig. I N is the spiral spring.
Fig. 2 shows the whole, in position as used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what T
claim is
1st. The application of a ratchet of the form herein set forth, to move a rotating
boss in the extremity of a lever, for the express purpose of quickly moving railway
and other bolts.
2nd. The application of a clutch, moving a rotating boss in the extremity of a
lever for the express purpose of quickly moving railway and other bolts.
.
Dated this 12th day of December 1892.
EDMUND ALLEYNE COOK.