Year: 1897

page_text: I, SAMUEL JAMES MORGAN, of 72, Wordsworth Street, Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, Watch Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows:
This invention has reference to means of regulating watches, and has for its
object to provide improvements or improved means by which the regulation.can
be effected from outside the watch frame or case.
According to this invention, its object and effect is obtained by the employment
of a tooth or ratchet wheel or quadrantal rack, and ratchet or pawl of duplex
construction, so adapted that by holding the watch in one direction or position,
and actuating the device, one part of the pawls engages with one part of the
toothed wheel, and by holding it in the reverse position, the other part of the
pawl will engage with another part of the toothed wheel; and this pawl being
connected by suitable means with the winding knob or head of a keyless watch, or
a pusher, or the like, projecting through the case, by pressing the said knob or
pusher in or out, the pawl device will move, and will come by gravity into
engagement with the toothed wheel, and move it in one direction or the other,
according to whether the watch is held in one or other of two opposite positions.
This toothed wheel or quadrant is connected by gearing with the regulating gear
or mechanism of the watch; and also, preferably, with a pointer or indicator on
the dial of the watch..
In one form, the toothed wheel or quadrant is, as stated, mounted in the frame
and geared up with a quadrant on the regulator, and a pointer on the dial of the
watch; while the double pawl has the pawl points or actuating parts arranged
on either side of the toothed wheel, and has an arm or extension, connected with
the part by which it is actuated, so as to give it bodily forward movement, in
which action it is released, and allowed to fall into engagement with the cog
wheel, according to which side of the watch is uppermost, and move the wheel a
distance equal to the pitch of its teeth; and then, when the return 'action takes
place, the pawl goes out of engagement back to its centre position by the inclined
planes referred to.
According to one construction, the double pawl is held out of position by a
double incline, and a fixed stud or the like, the inclines converging towards one
another, forming an apex in which the said stud or the like will stand when not
in use,
it being retained in this position by a spring. Then when the mechanism
is operated, the pawl is drawn away from the stud or stop, and consequently it
falls into engagement with one side of the tooth wheel; and then, when it
is released, the spring presses it by virtue of the inclines, to its normal inactive
position, viz., out of contact with both sides of the wheel.
The application of the invention to watches does not entail any substantive
alteration or modification of the watch, and may be applied to known and existing

page_text: kinds of watches; and the main parts being, in some cases, placed outside the base
or main frame plate, and under the face or dial.
In some cases, this pawl device is connected with the actuating part by a lever,
which is pressed backwards by a spring; but any other suitable connection may
be employed; or, it may be directly actuated.
Dated this 24th day of August. 1897.
CHEESEBROUGH & ROYSTON,
Applicant's Patent Agents, 15, Water Street, Liverpool.
Improvements in watches.
I, SAMUEL JAMES MORGAN, of 72, Wordsworth Street, Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, Watch Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has reference to means for regulating watches, and has for its
object to provide improvements or improved means by which the regulation can
be effected from outside the watch frame or case.
According to this invention, its object and effect is obtained by the employment
of a tooth or ratchet wheel or quadrantal rack, and pawl, or equivalent devices,
so adapted that by holding the watch in one direction or position, and actuating
the device, one part of the pawl engages with one part of the toothed wheel, and
by holding it in the reverse position, the other part of the pawl will engage with
another part of the toothed wheel; or the setting of the mechanism may be
adapted so as to be actuated in either direction in any other suitable way. This
mechanism is connected by suitable means with the winding knob or head of a
keyless watch, or a pusher, or the like, projecting through the case, and by press-
ing the said knob or pusher in or out, the pawl or like device will move, and will
come into engagement with the toothed wheel, and move it in one direction or
the other, according to whether the watch is held in one or other of two opposite
positions, or set to act. Each actuation of the mechanism moves the regulator
only a small amount, and large movements are effected by repeated actuations.
By this fractional movement, fine and accurate regulations of the watch can be
made.
The mechanism is connected by gearing with the regulating gear or mechanism
of the watch; and also, preferably, with a pointer or indicator on the dial of the
watch.
In one form, the toothed wheel or quadrant is, as stated, mounted in the frame
and/or geared up with a quadrant on the regulator, and a pointer on the dial of
the watch; while the double pawl has the pawl points or actuating parts arranged
on either side of the toothed wheel, and has an arm or extension, connected with the
part by which it is actuated, so as to give it bodily forward movement, in which
action it is released, and allowed to fall into engagement with the cog wheel,
according to which side of the watch is uppermost, and move the wheel a distance
equal to the pitch of its teeth; and then, when the return action takes place,
the pawl goes out of engagement back to its centre position by the inclined planes
hereafter referred to.
According to one construction, the double pawl is held out of position by a
double incline, and a fixed stud or the like, the inclines converging towards
one another, forming an apex in which the said stud or the like will stand when
not in use, it being retained in this position by a spring. Then when the

page_text: mechanism is operated, the pawl is drawn away from the stud or stop, and conse-
quently it falls into engagement with one side of the tooth wheel; and then,
when it is released, the spring presses it, by virtue of the inclines, to its normal
inactive position, viz., out of contact with both sides of the wheel.
The application of the invention to watches does not entail any substantive
alteration or modification of the watch, and may be applied to known and existing
kinds of watches; and the main parts being, in some cases, placed outside the
base or main frame plate, and under the face or dial.
In some cases, this pawl device is connected with the actuating part by a lever,
which is pressed backwards by a spring; but any other suitable connection may
be employed; or, it may be directly actuated.
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1
is a back view of a watch, shewing my improvements applied to it, without the
case, and with the back plate partly broken away. Figure 2 illustrates the front
view of a watch shewing the indicator in front of the dial, and its connection with
the operating mechanism, with the dial removed. Figures 3, 4, and 5, shew the
duplex pawl and ratchet mechanism for operating the regulator, in three posi-
tions; namely in the non-operative or position of rest; the position the ratchet
part takes, when operating the regulator in one direction, namely, to the left;
and the position it takes when it operates the regulator in the opposite direction,
namely, to the right hand.
L
Figures 6 and 7 shew modified arrangements of the operating mechanisms.
Referring now to the drawings, a is the duplex or double pointed pawl, a² a²,
being the two points, and bis the toothed or ratchet wheel, with which the pawl a
operates, and which is moved by it in either direction, that is, to the right or to
the left. The pawl is carried on the end of the lever c, which is supported
by a joint or pivot pin cl, on which it is free to rock. The pawla is hung on the
end of the lever by a pin joint a², and it is normally pressed up to its non-operative
position by the spring d, the end of which acts on the underside of the joint
pin a. When in the non-operative position, or the position of rest, the points of
the pawla are kept out of engagement with, the wheel b, and prevented from
moving about, by the stationary stud e, against which the upper edge or back of
the projecting part a³ of a comes; this back edge, being inclined upwards from
the position of rest, as shewn, the pawl is guided into this position after the
actuation of it; so that after the actuation of the pawl, no matter in what position
it may stand, it will be guided by the form of inclined back a³, and the stud e, to
this central normal position. The lever e, in this case, is adapted to be operated
by a pusher spindle f, which, say, is the spindle of the winding-or other knob
of a keyless watch, and which is free to be moved up and down in any of the well
known ways.
In action, by pressing on this pusher, therefore, the lever c will be
pressed down, and with it the pawl a and when the pressure is relieved, the
spring d presses them both back to their normal position.
The ratchet or toothed wheel b, (also the pin e) will be supported in the inside
plate or frame of the watch; and on its back side it is provided with a small
pinion (which is fixed to it); whilst on the opposite side-i.e., the front side--of
the plate, there is another pinion i. This latter pinion operates the pointer or
indicator, whilst the former operates the regulator, to which it is geared by a
quadrantal rack mounted upon the end of the regulator arm k. The pointer o,
which comes in front of the lower part of the dial of the watch, and has a scope
of movement over it, to and fro, as represented by the distance r, is in the form
of a hook, the base o' of which turns down and lies under the watch dial; and.
it is connected to and operated from the pinion i by-the quadrantal rack m, which
is guided and slides on the face of the main plate of the watch by the screws m¹.
The watch dial may be marked or provided at the extremities of that part over
which the pointer o works, with the words "fast" and "slow."
In operation, in order to actuate the regulator, the watch is held in a position
in which the paw? head will stand out to one side or other of its point of suspen-

page_text: sion or support, so that when released from the pin e, it will fall in one direction
or the other about its supporting pin a². Thus assume the watch be held so that
the pusher will be at the right hand side; then, when the pusher is pressed so
that the lever c is pressed in, and the pawl a away from e, the then upper point a¹
of the pawl will fall into engagement with the teeth of the toothed or ratchet
wheel b, and by the further removed pressure of the pusher f, the wheel b will be
moved i.e., revolved-towards the left hand, and, through the pinion h, will
move the regulator k towards or in the "FAST" direction; the other tooth of the
pawl being, during this action, in effect, out of action. By repeated actions, the
regulator can thus be moved from one extreme position to the other. Then, by
reversing the position of the watch, so that the pusher will be at the left hand
side, the regulator will be moved in the "SLOW" direction, and the other pawl
point will be brought into action in a precisely similar manner, and the regulator
will be moved in this opposite direction; and, of course, as the regulator is moved,
so the pointer or indicator o will be simultaneously moved, through the pinion i
and the circular rack or quadrant m.
It will be seen that when the double pawl or click flies back to its position of
rest, the two points or teeth a¹ are entirely out of contact or engagement with the
ratchet wheel b.
Figures 6 and 7 shew two arrangements or constructions of devices in which
the duplex pawl or click is drawn towards the ratchet wheel 6 in lieu of being
pushed, as in Figures 1 to 5. In Figure 6, the pine and the V shaped part a³,
which acts in connection with it is directly at the back of the pawl; whilst in
Figure 7, this V part is within an aperture in the body of the pawl a itself, and
the stationary pine which acts in connection with it, passes through this aperture
It will be seen, in this case, that while the arrangement or formation of the pawl,
and the device for holding it is in its position of rest, are different from those shewn
in Figure 6, yet the teeth or points a¹ are in the same position, relatively to the
wheel b, as those in Figure 6. These modifications shew that the invention is not
restricted to any particular form or construction of the parts, but that modifica-
tions, as regards the devices or parts for effecting the movement of the regulator
in either directon from outside, can, be made in different directions. And, as
above stated, the improvement may be applied easily to existing types of watches,
as well as to new watches, and arranged in different parts of the watch as above
referred to; and the mechanism may be actuated through the ordinary knob of
the watch or through a special pusher or knob or the like, suitably placed on
the case.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim
is:-
1. The herein described improvement connected with the regulating of watches,
consisting of the employment of a pawl or click, and a tooth or ratchet mechanism,
within the watch case, and adapted to be operated from outside and connected
or geared with the regulator, and a pointer or indicator, also operated by said
mechanism, adapted to shew and indicate the movement of the regulator from the
outside of the watch, said pawl and ratchet or toothed wheel mechanism being
adapted to operate the regulator in either direction, substantially in the manner set
forth.
2. A watch having a regulating mechanism, comprising a double toothed pawl
adapted to be operated from outside the case, a ratchet or toothed wheel with
which said pawl engages, and connected by gearing with the regulator and an
indicator, visible from outside the watch, said pawl being adapted and arranged
by means as described, to have both its teeth or points out of contact or engage-
ment with the toothed wheel or ratchet when in the position of rest, and so as
to cause one or other of said teeth to engage with the toothed or ratchet wheel, 5

page_text: and operate it and the regulator, in one or other direction, according to the
position in which the watch is held; substantially as set forth.
3. The herein described improvement in watches having regulating mechanism
adapted to be operated from outside, consisting of the employment of a reciprocat-
ing mechanism actuated from outside, and connected with the regulator, and
adapted to operate it in the "Fast" or "Slow" directions; for the purposes set
forth.
4. In a watch having a regulating mechanism adapted to be operated from
outside, the pawl a with teeth a', actuating lever c, pine and inclined parts on
the pawl for holding it in its position of rest, a toothed or ratchet wheel b, and gear-
ing connecting b with the regulator, and with a pointer or indicator; substantially
as set forth and illustrated.
5. In a watch having a regulating mechanism, adapted to be operated from
outside, the pawl a with duplex points or teeth a', a wheel b actuated by the
pawl a for operating the regulator, said pawl being adapted, according to the
position in which the watch is held, to actuate said wheel in one or other direction,
and a pin e and inclined parts of said pawl, by which the pawl is moved out of
contact on engagement with the wheel b, and held there, when the mechanism is
in its position of rest; substantially as set forth with reference to and shewn
in the drawings.
6. In a watch having regulating means of the kind referred to, the arrangement
and construction of mechanism for operating the regulator, and the pointer or
indicator, shewn in and set forth with reference to the drawings.
Dated this 21st day of Max 1808
CHEESEBROUGH & ROYSTON,
Applicant's Patent Agents, 15, Water Street, Liverpool.