An Improved Tubular Water-back for Stoves or Ranges.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Feb., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 5th Oct., 1896-Accepted, 31st Oct., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Tubular Water-back for Stoves or Ranges.
I, ALICE MARY BUSHELL of 39, Broadway, Stratford, in the County of Essex,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improvement in heating water for kitchen ranges
and has for its principal objects to effect the rapid heating of the water without
unduly withdrawing the heat of the fire from the hot plate or oven; to economize
fuel by enabling a small fire to be maintained whilst still heating the water,
oven and hot plate; and to reduce the risk of explosions to a minimum.
The improved water-back is made of a shape and size to form the back of the
fire-grate but instead of the usual flue passage being provided beneath the back the
latter extends from the bottom of the grate up to the 'hot plate and preferably
rests in an inclined position. For the purpose of providing adequate heating
surface and ensuring sufficient draught to render the heating surface efficient
without unduly robbing the hot plate, and oven flue of heat the water-back is
traversed at the upper part from front to back by tubes which communicate with a
flue at the back the draught of which can be regulated by a damper, these tubes
also acting as stays to increase the strength of the water-back. The tubes being
situated only in the upper half of the heater the flames or heated gases must be
drawn in an upward direction in order to enter and pass through them so that
whether the draught through the water-back is urged to its maximum extent or not
the draught through the fire is never downwards, and the heat is never drawn away
from the hot plate as when the boiler flue passes under the boiler in the ordinary
way. A certain proportion of the heat will therefore always reach the hot plate
and may be carried on through the oven flues under the control of dampers as
usual. Another advantage of the tubes being only in the upper half of the water-
back is that a deep "false bottom" may be placed in the grate or a rising grate
bottom may be used so that fuel can be considerably economized without in the
least interfering with the heating of the water as would be the case were the boiler
flue to pass beneath it. For the purpose of further increasing the heating surface
the sides of the water-back are so rounded that they are exposed to the full action
of the fire and with a view to ensuring a rapid circulation the water-back is made
of small capacity as compared with the heating surface by making the depth of the
water-back from front to back very small. The vigour of the circulation and, the
relatively small size of the water-back produces a scouring action which prevents
any accumulation of deposit in the water-back, thus rendering a man-hole and
periodical cleaning unnecessary.
The flow-pipe is connected to the top of the water-back, whilst the return-pipe is
connected a little below the tubes, a draw-off pipe being connected to the bottom of
the water-back so as to enable any sediment that may be deposited to be drawn off,
the flow and return pipes being connected either to the side or back of the water-
The water-back can
back according to whether the range has one or two ovens.
be made in any convenient manner, but I prefer it to be made of malleable cast-iron
and the tubes to be cast in one with the shell of the water-back but it may be
otherwise made and the tubes expanded into holes in the tube plates.
CI 1906
A. M. & WM. CLARK,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.

page_text: An Improved Tubular Water-back for Stoves or Ranges.
1, ALICE MARY BUSHELL, of 39 Broadway, Stratford, in the County of Essex,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
This invention relates to improved means, technically known, and hereinafter
referred to as a water-back, for heating water for kitchen ranges, and has for its
principal objects to effect the rapid heating of the water, without withdrawing the
heat of the fire from the hot plate or oven; to economize fuel by enabling a small
fire to be maintained whilst still heating the water, oven and hot plate; and to
reduce the risk of explosions to a minimum.
In the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the improved tubular water-back which forms the
subject of this invention.;
Fig. 2 is a sectional side elevation of same, and Figs. 3 and 4 are. sectional end
elevations taken respectively on the lines x and y y of Figs. 1 and 2.
The same letters of reference where they occur are used to denote the same or
corresponding parts in the various figures.
The improved water-back is made of a shape and size to form the side or sides of
the fire-grate but instead of the usual flue passage being provided beneath the
water-back, as is the case with the ordinary form of boiler fitted to kitcheners and
ranges, the water-back extends from the bottom of the grate up to the top of the
oven and preferably rests in an inclined position. For the purpose of providing
adequate heating surface and ensuring sufficient draught to render the heating
surface efficient without robbing the hot plate and oven of heat the water-back is
traversed at the upper part from front to back by any suitable number of tubes or
slots A which serve as flues to the water-back and open communication between the
firegrate and the oven flue. The water-back is further provided with ridges or
projections B B on one side to allow a space between the water-back and the side
of the oven, the draught of the oven flue being regulated by a damper or dampers
in the ordinary way, and with ridges or projections C C on the other side which
latter form a rest for the fire-grate back. The slots, tubes or flues A A also act
as stays to increase the strength of the water-back, and being situated in the
'middle and upper part of the heater the flames or heating gases from the fire must
inecessarily be drawn in an upward direction in order to enter and pass through
them to the oven flue, as shown by the arrows in Figure 3, so that whether the
draught through the water-back and oven flue is urged to its maximum extent or
not the draught through the fire is never downwards, and the heat is never drawn
from the hot-plate as is the case when the boiler flue passes under the boiler
in the ordinary way. A large proportion of the heat will therefore always reach
the hot plate and be carried on through the oven flues under the control of dampers
as usual. Another advantage of these tubes slots or flues A being only in the
middle and upper part of the water-back is that a deep false bottom may be placed
in the grate, or a rising grate bottom may be used, so that fuel can be considerably
'economized without in the least interfering with the heating of the water as would
be the case were the flames or heated gases from the fire compelled to pass through
a flue situated beneath the boiler. For the purpose of further increasing the
heating surface the sides D D of the water-back are so rounded at top and
bottom, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, that they are exposed to the full action of the
flames or heated gases from the fire, and with a view to ensuring a rapid circulation
of the water, the water-back is made of small capacity, as compared with its heating
surface, by making the depth of the water-back from front to back very, small
#
away

page_text: see Figures 3 and 4. The vigour of the circulation of the water and the relatively
small size of the water-back produces a scouring action which prevents any
accumulation of deposit in the water-back, thus reudering a man-hole and
periodical cleaning unnecessary.
The flow pipe E is connected to the top of the water-back, whilst the return
pipe F is connected between the two flues or slots A shown in the drawings, or
when the device is made with more than two such flues cr slots A, then the return
pipe F is connected to the space immediately above the lowermost of such flues or
slots. A draw-off pipe G is connected to the bottom of the water-back so as to
enable any sediment that may be deposited to be drawn off, the flow and return
pipes being connected to either side of the water-back according to whether the
range has one or two ovens.
There being no connection between the inlet and outlet except by way of the
spaces between the tubes, slots or flues A, the water entering through the return
pipe F is compelled to travel to the further end of the water-back where it strikes
against the wall H (see Fig. 2) and is thereby separated or opened, the sediment
falling to the bottom and passing to the draw-off pipe G; the ascending water is
then compelled to travel the whole length of the heater again and to pass through
the upper space to the outlet-pipe E.
The water-back can be made in any convenient manner and of any convenient
shape and size, of malleable wrought or cast iron, or of other suitable material, the
flues or slots A being preferably carried to one end and cast in one with the shell
of the water-back as shown in the drawings. The flues A, however, may be
arranged transversely of the heater if so desired, instead of longitudinally thereof
as shown.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is ;-
1. For application to the oven side of a kitchener or range, a water-back having
flues, tubes or slots passing therethrough and opening communication between the
fire grate and the oven flue, a flow pipe connected to the upper part, a return pipe
connected to the space above the lowermost of the said heater flues, a draw off pipe
at the bottom of said heater, and ridges or distance pieces for providing an air-
space between the heater and the side of the oven against which it is fitted, all
substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
2. For application to the oven side of a kitchener or range, a tubular water-back
constructed substantially in the manner herein described.
Dated this 5th day of October 1896
F. W. GOLBY,
36 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agent for the Applicant.