Improvements in Paraffin Lamps.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Feb., 1890
Complete Specification Left. 26th Aug.. 1896-Accepted, 3rd Oct. 1895
Date of Application, 181 FED., 1890
Complete Specification Left. 26th Aug.. 1896-Accepted, 3rd Oct. 1895
Improvements in Paraffin Lamps.
I WILLIAM MACADAM of 7 Latehmere Street Battersea Park in the County
of London, Carpenter do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of my invention is to provide an appliance and mechanism for
preventing explosion in paraffin lamps caused by accidents which commouly occur
mainly through
(1) The overflowing of oil from the reservoir to the flame at the time of tilting
or falling of the lamp.
(2) From the accumulation of heated vapour in the chamber surrounding the
wick holder.
(3) From the lighted wick being turned down so low as to ignite the vapour
above the paraffin in the reservoir.
I provide for these contingencies and prevent these accidents in the following
manner :-
(1) I provide a separate wick carrier which is carried outside the reservoir
proper, and continued underneath the same and is supplied through an orifice in the
lower portion thereof. At the bottom or immediately underneath the reservoir, I
have a small channel in which runs a small ball or marble e effect of this is that
on tilting the lamp in any direction the marble passes to the orifice through which
the oil is supplied and stopping the flow the lamp is extinguished.
(2) In the chamber immediately surrounding the wick carrier I allow a small
margin of air space and do not bring the sides of the wick carrier down to the level
of the top of the reservoir. This preveuts heat being conducted by the metal to
the surface of the reservoir and keeps the chamber immediately surrounding the
wick carrier cool preventing liability of explosion from this cause. At or near
the wick holder and at the top of the reservoir a cup is fixed the use of which is to
collect the oil which is in the wick holder in case the lamp is tilted or should fall
and when the lamp is placed in an upright position the oil again flows back through
the wick holder allowing the lamp to be lighted as before.
(3) To prevent the wick being turned down beyond its proper position I provide
a small chain of suitable length one end of which is fastened outside the wick
holder and the other to the screw or arbor by which the wick is turned up or down
the effect of this is that the wick cannot be turned into the oil but only as far as
the regulator chain will allow. With regard to the provision for checking or
stopping the flow of oil by means of the marble or ball in the case of duplex lamps
a double or duplicate arrangement is made by which the lamp is extinguished in
the same way and by the same means. The burner may be fixed to the reservoir
in any of the ways in general use viz. by hit and mise, joint, or by bayonet catch,
or in any other way convenient in the manufacture of lamps. I do not however
claim this as part of my invention.
Dated this First day February 1896.
JOHN BLACK,
Agent for Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Paraffin Lamps.
I WILLIAM MACADAM of 7 Latchmere Street Battersea Park, in the County
of London, Carpenter do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
The object of my invention is to provide an appliance and mechanism for
preventing explosion in paraffin lamps caused by accidents which commonly occur
in handling them. These accidents occur, mainly, through
(1) The overflowing of oil from the reservoir to the flame at the time of tilting
or falling of the lamp.
(2) From the accumulation of heated vapour in the chamber surrounding the
wick-holder.
(3) From the lighted wick being turned down so low as to ignite the vapour
above the parafin in the reservoir.
I provide for these contingencies and prevent these accidents in the following
manner;
(1) provide a separate wick carrier lettered A in drawings which is carried
inside or outside the reservoir proper B, and continued underneath the same, and
is supplied through an orifice C, in the lower portion thereof. At the bottom or
immediately underneath the reservoir I have a small channel D in which runs a
small ball or marble E; the effect of this is that on tilting the lamp in any
direction the marble passes to the orifice through which the oil is supplied, and
stopping the flow the lamp is extinguished.
(2) In the cup or chamber immediately surrounding the wick carrier I allow a
small margin of air space and do not bring the sides of the wick carrier down to
the level of the top of the reservoir as shewn at F. This prevents heat being
conducted by the metal to the surface of the reservoir and keeps the chamber
immediately surrounding the wick carrier, cool, preventing liability of explosion
from this cause.
At or near the wick carrier and at the top of the reservoir the cup or chamber
is fixed, the use of which is to collect the oil which is in the wick holder in case
the lamp is tilted or should fall, and when the lamp is placed in an upright position
the oil again flows back through the wick holder, allowing the lamp to be lighted
as before.
(3) To prevent the wick being turned down beyond its proper position I provide
a small chain or flexible cord of metal or other material G, of suitable length one
end of which is fastened outside the wick holder aud the other to the screw or arbor
by which the wick is turned up or down; the effect of this is, that the wick cannot
be turned into the oil, but only as far as the regulator chain will allow.
With
regard to the provision for checking or stopping the flow of oil by means of the
marble or ball in the case of duplex lamps a double or duplicate arrangement shown
at Fig. 3 in drawings is made by which the lamp is extinguished in the same way
and by the same means. The burner may be fixed to the reservoir in any of the
ways in general use viz. by screwing, by hit and miss joint, or by bayonet catch, or
in any other way convenient in the manufacture of lamps. I do not however claim
this as part of my invention.
In order that my invention may he better underst od I append drawings in
which
Fig. 1 shows an elevation of the lamp.
Fig. 2. a section of a single wick lamp, and
Fig. 3 a section of a duplex lamp.
Similar letters refer to similar parts in each figure.

page_text: Fig. 1 shows an elevation of a common form of single lamp, showing the chain G,
and, A the outside of the wick holder. Fig. 2 gives a section of this single lamp,
while Fig. 3 shows the section of a duplex, or double wick burner, A, A being the
wick bolder, B the reservoir, C the orifice for flow of oil to wick holder, D the
channel for the ball E, the division or space is shown at F, and the chain for
controlling the burning of the wick is at G. Similar letters refer to similar parts
in all the figures. His the cup or chamber surrounding the wick carrier.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.
1. The wick holder with channel and ball as described and illustrated substantially
and as set forth.
2. The mechanism consisting of channel and ball for controlling the flow of oil
to the wick as described and illustrated substantially and as set forth.
3. The chain for regulating the turning down of the wick as described and
illustrated substantially and as set forth.
4. The cup, chamber, or reservoir, above the wick carrier and below the tube
carrying wick to the point of combustion for the purposes described and illustrated
substantially and as set forth.
5. A lamp constructed with wick holder, channel orifice, and controlling ball,
and chain attached to pivot for turning down the wick as described and illustrated
substantially and as set forth.
Dated this 26th day of August 1896.
JOHN BLACK,
Agent for Applicant.