Improvements in or in connection with Pattern Mechanism for Looms for Weaving.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Aug., 1897-Accepted, 19th Mar., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or in connection with Pattern Mechanism for
Looms for Weaving.
A communication by ALFRED CLAVIEZ, of No. 3, Probstei-Strasse, Leipzig-Schleussig,
in the Empire of Germany, Engineer.
I, GEORGE CECIL DYMOND, M.I.M.E., of W. P. Thompson & Co., the Agency,
for Foreign Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street, Man-
chester, both in the County of Lancaster, 118, New Street, Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, and 322, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, Patent
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what thanner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:
This invention relates to the change mechanisms of mechanical looms and has
for its object an apparatus for producing any desired change in any desired num-
ber of irregular intervals.
The apparatus has for its object amongst others in the manufacture of chenille
or Axminster fabrics to allow of an extra large change by means of a card cylinder.
If for instance the minimum change be four picks the apparatus is arranged with
a ratio of transfer to the crank shaft of 14 so that after each fourth pick the
cylinder will encounter a pin once and press on or clear as the case may be a
plate p. As however each hole of the pattern card represents four picks there can
be made with a 1320 card for instance four times 1320 picks, equal to 5280 picks
before it is necessary, to turn the card cylinder in order to allow a fresh card to come
into play which also produces the above named number of picks. It is evident
from this that the change mechanism is especially intended for use with particu-
Jarly large patterns as it is evident without further explanation that an enormous
saving in cards is produced. Thus for a very complicated chenille pattern a very
inconsiderable number of pattern cards are required.
The apparatus is shown in the accompanying drawings in which,
Figure 1 is a front view, Figure 2 an end view and Figure 3 a diagram showing
a combination of a series of needles.
In order to allow of the invention being better understood, the mode of working
of the apparatus will be first partially described. The needle or pin n of the
needle carrier o travels with this latter from hole to hole of the card cylinder or
roller Z. When it reaches the last hole of a horizontal row of holes it rises up
to the next row above and returns along this from hole to hole. When the needle n
has finally reached the last hole of the uppermost row of the card cylinder, the
latter turns automatically, the needle in the needle carrier drops in a peculiar
support down to the first hole of the lowest row and the operation can commence
afresh.
When the needle n in travelling over the card cylinder Z encounters a hole in
he pattern card, the plate p is not pressed back but remains hanging on the
knife m and on the latter rising is lifted with it and thus the change apparatus

page_text: attached to the plate by a cord y is set in operation. If on the other hand when
the needle or pin n encounters the pattern card where there is no hole present in
the latter, the plate is pressed back by the needle or pin, the knife m moves up-
ward without it in the usual manner and the change apparatus attached to this
plate remains stationary (unoperated).
It may here be pointed out that in place of a single needle or pin and a single
plate, a whole series of needles and several plates may be employed and a diagram-
matic arrangement of this is shown in Figure 3, where 5 needles and 5 plates are
supposed to be used. It may also be mentioned that the present apparatus may
also be employed for operating shafts. If for instance it be desired to have 16
shafts dependent on such an apparatus, it will be necessary to have 16 needles .
These are arranged one over the other as already mentioned and travel over the
card cylinder successively from one vertical row of holes to another the holes being
arranged within the dotted rectangle % of the cylinder Z in vertical rows side
by side. Zare simply guide studs for the pattern cards laid on the cylinder. If
to refer again to the previous example, a 1312 card cylinder be at disposal in this
case the cylinder Z will have 82 vertical rows of 16 holes each, and, 82 picks can
be made before the cylinder turns, and therefore as compared with other shaft
machines only an 82nd part of the pattern cards will be required. It may also
be mentioned here that a 1812 card cylinder is not at all the highest limit. A
great saving of cards is thus obtained in shaft machines and thereby colours and
pattern effects may be obtained such as were hitherto unattainable owing to the
enormous number of cards and also to the irregular conveying of the colossal load
of cards.
The above apparatus may also be advantageously employed for change of shuttle
with a lifting box or revolver.
The constructive arrangement of the apparatus so far as it is necessary to explain
the same to allow of its being better understood is as follows:-
An oscillating motion is imparted to the rock shaft w of the apparatus by means
of a suitable crank, which motion is imparted by means of pawls a and b and
ratchet wheels a and b respectively to a wheel R and by means of the latter and
a wheel to a screwed spindles which produces a progressive movement of the
needle carrier o which is connected with the spindle s by means of a nut. When
the needle carrier o and its nut have travelled so far to the left that the needle
has passed the last hole but one of the horizontal row, a pawl which is kept
oscillating by means of a pin s¹ engages a rack on the needle carrier o. A further
movement forward to the extent of a hole (division) then causes the needle car-
rier o to rise to the next horizontal row. In order that the needle carrier may
not of itself drop back into its former position a pawl or catch f, Figure 1, is ar-
ranged which under the action of a spring e maintains it always in the right
position.
2:
During this operation, the pawls a and b are simultaneously reversed or thrown
over by a finger d which as the last hole but one of the horizontal row comes oppo-
site the lever c of the pawls and reverses the latter at the last movement forward
so that pawl which was engaged is released and pawl a is engaged. When the
needle has passed the last hole but one of the topmost row of the card cylinder,
a projection on the needle carrier o engages the projection of a spring (Figures 1
and 2) which maintains the turning hook W in a position of repose (non acting
position) and pushes said spring so far back that the hook W drops on the card
cylinder. The needle then passes the last hole of the topmost row of the card
cylinder, the latter moves back by means of the usual apparatus and is turned.
The lever t is pushed so far downwards by the turning of the card cylinder that
it disengages a pawl and therewith the catch so that an immediate descent
of the needle carrier must take place. The needle carrier is then again in its
initial position and can repeat its movement in the manner herein before described.
The apparatus is more particularly employed for operating the improved shuttle
changing mechanism described in Patent 9980% the plate p of the apparatus

page_text: drawing back the pawl a of the shuttle change mechanism so that the latter may-
be operated in the usual way.
The apparatus herein before described may also be employed for operating the
change of lifting boxes, revolvers, cards, shafts and the like especially in looms
of all kinds using Jacquard cards of any size of stitch, perforated designs or
patterns.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is:-
An apparatus for operating any kind of change devices in mechanical looms of
all kinds, characterised by a travelling needle or pin and plate or a series of
needles with the object of enabling specially large patterns to be made with a
very small number of cards immaterially whether perforated designs, patterns
or suitably perforated Jacquard cards are employed, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
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