Improvements in or relating to Means or Apparatus for Raising and Forcing Liquid and Semi-liquid Substances.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Oct., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 6th July, 1896-Accepted, 5th Sept.. 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Means or Apparatus for Raising and
Forcing Liquid and Semi-liquid Substances.
I, ARNOLD GOODWIN, of 56 Sumner Street, Southwark, in the County of
London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention consists in improvements in the means or apparatus employed for
raising or forcing water or other liquid (hereinafter referred to as water) from
wells, bore holes, and reservoirs and the like by means of compressed air.
To simplify and cheapen the apparatus required for raising water from a well,
bore hole and the like by compressed air, the well, bore hole or the like is,
according to this invention, adapted to be utilized as a displacement chamber from
which the water is raised or forced by the direct pressure thereon of compressed
air. For this purpose the lined well, bore hole or the like (hereinafter referred to
as a bore hole) is closed air tight at the top and provided at the bottom, or at any
other suitable point below the level to which the water will naturally rise, with a
non-return valve. The closed bore hole is connected at its upper part with an air
compressing plant and is also provided with a discharge pipe or rising main that
extends downward to any suitable point above the non-return valve, the arrange-
ment being such that water allowed to rise in the bore-hole, which may have a
capacity of many thousands of gallons will, upon admitting compressed air to the
upper end of such bore-hole, be forced upward through the rising main and
delivered to any desired place. The non-return valve may be of ball flap or other
suitable form and be carried by a cage or other suitable holder adapted to be
secured in place at the required point in the bore hole.
In cases where the bore hole is enlarged at its upper portion to form a reservoir
into which water will naturally rise when the pressure of the air therein is reduced,
as for example by placing it in connection with the external atmosphere, the
Don-return valve may be placed between the junction of the smaller and larger
portions of the bore-hole, the rising main extending only into the enlarged part of
the bore hole.
In some cases, as for instance with a bore-hole of large capacity, the compressed
air supply may be controlled by an ordinary regulating valve, that need be opened
and closed only at long intervals, say of several hours. In other cases, two closed
bore holes or two enlarged portions of a bore hole connected to a smaller portion
common to them and each provided with a non-return valve, may be used,
compressed air being admitted to them alternately for discharging them in
succession in order to obtain a continuous delivery of water.
For automatically placing each of two bore holes or other liquid displacement
chambers in water raising and forcing apparatus of the kind herein referred to in
connection with a supply of compressed air, we provide apparatus comprising air
distributing valve and a compressed air motor with throw over device for
intermittently and positively actuating the said valve. The air distributing valve
comprises a cylindrical valve case open at its ends and fitted with two connected
pistons adapted to control two ports whereby compressed air, admitted to the valve
case between such ports, can pass alternately to the two displacement chambers.
The air motor comprises a cylinder having its ends connected to the valve case

page_text: through small ports controlled by the said connected pistons and fitted with a piston
jointed to a bar pivoted to turn in a vertical plane, and provided at the top with a
ball-track and ball, the arrangement being such that whilst compressed air is flowing
from the valve case through one port to the corresponding displacement chamber,
compressed air will slowly enter the air motor cylinder and cause the piston therein
to partly rotate the pivoted bar until it passes the vertical position, whereupon the
ball carried thereby will roll to the opposite end of the ball-track and quickly
complete the turning movement of the bar, which, during this movement, is
caused to strike one or other of two tappets on the valve rod and so move the
connected valves into positions to admit compressed air to the other dis-
placement chamber and the other end of the air motor cylinder, and place
the displacement chamber and other end of the air motor cylinder to which
compressed air was previously admitted, in direct connection with the external
atmosphere.
The air distributing valve may be constructed to allow of compressed air blowing
through or past it in such a way as to induce air to flow out of each displacement
chamber in turn when the same is placed in communication with the external
atmosphere by the valve.
Improvements in or relating to Means or Apparatus for Raising and
Forcing Liquid and Semi-liquid Substances.
I, ARNOLD GOODWIN, of 56 Sumner Street, Southwark, in the County of
London, Engineer, dc hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in means or apparatus used for raising or
forcing water or other liquid or semi-liquid (hereinafter referred to as water) from
wells, bore holes, and reservoirs, and the like by means of compressed air.
The object of this invention is to simplify and cheapen the apparatus required
for raising water from a well, bore hole, and the like, by adapting said well, bore
hole or the like, and utilizing the same as a displacement chamber, from which the
water is raised or forced by direct pressure thereon of compressed air.
in order to carry this invention into practice, the lined well, bore hole or the like
(hereinafter referred to as a bore hole) is closed at the top and made air tight, and
is provided at the bottom, or at any other suitable point below the level to which
the water will naturally rise with an air tight partition, having a nonreturn valve.
I connect the closed bore hole at its upper part with an air compressing plant, and
provide also a discharge pipe or rising main that extends downwards to any suitable
point above the nonreturn valve, the result being that such water allowed to rise
in the bore hole, which may have a capacity of many thousands of gallons, will,
upon admitting compressed air to the upper end of such bore hole, he forced
upward through the rising main and delivered to any desired place.
The nonreturn valve may be of ball, flap or other suitable form or pattern.
In cases where the bore hole is enlarged at its upper portion to form a reservoir
into which the water will naturally rise when the pressure of the air therein is
reduced, as for example by placing it in connection with the external atmosphere,
the nonreturn valve may be placed between the junction of the smaller and larger

page_text: portions of the bore hole, the rising mam to these cases extemming only to ՆԱՆ
enlarged part of the bore hole.
In some cases, as for instance with a bore hole of large capacity, the compressed
air supply may be controlled by an ordinary regulating valve that need be openel
and closed only at long intervals, say of several hours.
Or in other cases, two closed bore holes, or two enlargel portions of a bore
hole connected to a smaller portion common to them and each provided with a
nonreturn valve, may be used, compressel air being admitted to them alternately
for discharging them in succession in order to obtain a continuous delivery of
water.
For the purpose of auto natically placing each of the two bore holes, or other
liquid displacement chambers in the water raising or forcing apparatus herein
referred to, in connection with a supply of compressed air, I provide an apparatus
consisting of an air distributing valve and a compressed air motor and a throw over
device for intermittently and positively actuating the said valve. The air
distributing valve consists of a cylindrical valve case open at its enls and fitted
with two connected pistons adapted to control two ports, whereby the co-
pressed air admitted to the valve case between such ports, can pass alternately
to the two displacement chambers. The compressed air motor comprises a
cylinder, having its ends connected to the valve case through small ports
controlled by the said connected pistons and fitted with a piston, attached to a
piston rod, the outer end of which is jointed to a bar pivoted so as to turn in a
vertical plane, and provided at the top with a ball track and a ball, the irrange-
ment being such that whilst compressed air is flowing from the valve case through
one port to the corresponding displacement chambers, compressed air will slowly
enter the air motor cylinder and cause the piston therein to partly rotate the pivotel
bar until it passes the vertical position, whereupon the ball carried thereby will roll
to the opposite end of the bail track and quickly complete the turning movement
of the bar, which during the said movement, is caused to strike one or other of
two tappets on the valve rod and so move the connected valves int> position to
admit compressed air to the other displacement chamber, and the other end of the
motor cylinder, and place the displacement chamber and the end of the air motor
cylinder to which the compressed air was previously admitted, in direct communica
tion with the external atmosphere.
The air distributing valve may be constructed to allow of compressed air blowing
through or past it in such a way as to induce air to flow out of each displace-
ment chamber in turn when the same is placed in communication with the external
atmosphere by the valve.
In order that my invention may be the better understood, I will describe the same
with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 represents a sectional
view of a bore hole, provided with the compressed air apparatus herein before
described, Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of a bore hole, terminating at the top in a
well or enlarged portion, with the aforesaid compressed air apparatus adapted to
be used in this form of well, Fig. 3 shows the adaptation of the invention, where two
or more bore holes are available, or required to be used, and which may be
connected together in the manner shown and hereinafter describel, Fig. 4 shows
a further modification, where two or more wells are used and supplied from one
bore hole, said wells being connected together, and so adapted as to provide a
continuous supply of water in the manner to be hereinafter described, Fig. 5
shows an enlarged section and details of the air distributing valve hereinbefore
mentioned.
In Fig. 1, A is the bore hole, lined with metal cylinder, or other watertight
material, closed at the top by a strong, air tight fitting over B.
Cis the non-
return valve placed at a convenient distance below the ordinary water level and
working in a division plate made to fit the inside of the bore hole. Dis the compressed
air pipe, E is the water main for discharging the water forced up fro.n the bore
hole by the pressure of the air from the air pipe D.

page_text: are the
In Fig. 2 is shown the modification of this invention as applied to wells, having
bore holes continued at their lower ends, or in enlargements at the upper portion of
the bore hole. In these instances advantage is taken of the enlarged capacity of
the well, to provide a storage of water, so that a continuous delivery may be
obtained for some length of time. A¹ is the bore hole, C¹ the nonreturn valve,
working in a cover fixed at the top of the bore pipe. F is the well or enlarged
portion of the bore holes, which if necessary is provided with a cylinder lining;
B is a strong air tight cover, D₁ is the compressed air pipe, connected to the air
compressor G, which said air compressor may be worked by hand, steam or any
available power. E' is the delivery pipe, which is carried down to a convenient
level above the nonreturn valve C, and through which the water is forced
by the compressed air acting on the surface of the water in the well F. Fig. 3
shows a further modification of this invention as applied to two or more bore
holes, which may be at any convenient distance apart, and connected together
so as to give one continuous delivery of water, Â² A³ being the bore holes
respectively, terminating at the top of cach bore pipe, with an
air tight
cover B2 B3 in which work the non-return valves H H1 C2 C3
lower non-return valves working in an air tight division plate fixed in the bore hole
in a similar manner to that shown in Fig. 1. J J are internal delivery pipes fixed
one in each bore pipe, and carried down to a convenient distance above the non-
return valves C² C³. D² D³ are the compressed air pipes from the air compressor,
conveying the air pressure into the displacement chambers K K¹. The nonreturn
valves H H are enclosed in an enlarged portion of the rising main L and L'
respectively, which said mains are connected together and deliver into one common
delivery pipe E2. The compressed air delivered into the displacement chambers K K¹
through the pipes D2 D3 causes the water to rise in the delivery pipes J J¹ and
pass the nonreturn valves H H up and into the delivery pipe E2.
arrangement both bore holes may be worked, either simultaneously, or alternately
by means of the air distributing valve to be hereinafter described, in which latter
case, the water may be forced up and delivered from one bore hole, while the water
in the other bore hole is allowed to enter and rise to its normal level, and in this
way a
constant and continuous supply of water can be raised to the required
In Fig. 4 F F are wells similar to that shown in Fig. 2 which may be any
convenient distance apart and of any number, connected together by inlet
pipes M M', and " piece N. This said piece N forms the top of the bore
hole A, so that the intake water rising in said bore hole may enter and rise to a
normal level in each well. The delivery of the water from bore hole A4 into the
wells FF is controlled by Hap or other nonreturn valves 001. The water is
forced up the delivery pipes LF L, into the delivery main E, by means of com-
pressed air admitted through pipes D D', in the same manner as hereinbefore
described, the wells being closed in by cylinder linings and strong air tight covers
as described with reference to Fig. 2. In le manner the wells may be worked
either together or alternately as described with reference to the arrangement shown
in Fig. 3.
height.
By this
In the enlarged detail of the air distributing valve shown in Fig. 5, P is the inlet
from the air compressor, to a cylindrical chamber Q having open ends R R¹.
PP are ports leading to the compressed air pipe branches S S', which are
connected with the compressed air pipes D2 D³, D' and D' in Figs. 3 and 4, said
ports and branches also extending to the two ends of another cylindrical ebamber T,
comprising the air motor.
UU are two connected piston valves working on a piston rod V, said rod
terminating in tappets which are controlled by the vertical reciprocating lever W.
The air motor cylinder is also provided with a piston X and piston rod Y, said
red being pivoted to the vertical reciprocating lever W aforesaid. This said lever
is provided at the top with a ball track Z and ball Z. The action of this arrange-
nent is as follows:-Compressed air being admitted to the cylindrical gir

page_text: distributing chamber Q passes to one of the compressed air pipes and thence to one
of the displacement chambers of the bore holes or wells, a small portion is also
admitted to the cylindrical air motor chamber T through the regulating cocks T¹
or T and causes the piston X to move towards the opposite end of the cylinder,
thereby pulling over the vertical reciprocating lever W, until it passes the vertical
position, whereupon the ball Z will roll to the opposite end of the ball track Z,
and quickly complete the turning movement of the reciprocating lever W, which
during this moveinent, is caused to strike one or other of two tappets t t on the valve.
rod V and thus reverse the position of the connected pistons as shown by dotted
lines and admit compressed air to the other displacement chamber, when a similar
action in a reverse direction takes place in the motor valve.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. The adaptation of bore holes, wells, reservoirs and the like, and the
utilisation of the same as discharging chambers, for the purpose of raising or forcing
the water therein contained by means of compressed air, substantially as herein set
forth, and described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
2. The provision of an apparatus for raising or forcing water or other liquid from
wells, bore holes, reservoirs and the like, by means of compressed air, substantially
as and for the purpose herein set forth, and described and illustrated by the
accompanying drawings.
3. The provision of a means for raising or forcing water or other liquid from ‘a
series of wells, bore holes, reservoirs and the like, either alternately or simultaneously
by means of compressed air, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth,
and described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
4. The provision of an air distributing and air motor valve for controlling the
admission of compressed air substantially as herein set forth and described and
illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
5. The application of this invention or any part thereof to any form or kind of
well, bore hole, reservoir and the like, for raising water or other liquid by means of
compressed air, substantially as herein set forth and described and illustrated by the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 4th day of July 1896.
ARNOLD GOODWIN,
Applicant.