IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of Kensington, Middlesex for an
invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS A communication from abroad
by Patrick Mihan of Massachusetts United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th February 1882.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, IMPROVEMENTS IN
VENTILATORS, a communication from abroad by Patrick Mihan of Massachusetts,
United States of America.
The improvements consist in part of a hood having on one side of it a mouth, of
a rectangular or other suitable form, and also having within and across it, the said
hood.
The ventilator further consists of two deflectors one of which, viz:—the lower
of them is hinged at its upper part to the lower part of the partition the upper
deflector being hinged to the partition on or about on a level with the top of the
mouth.
The lower deflector when down or closed inclines toward and rests upon the
lower edge of the mouth, so, the upper deflector when up or closed rests against
the upper edge of the said mouth. At its back the lower deflector is provided
with a lip or flange to extend from it upward in rear of and against the partition,
such lip when the deflector is closed, serving to prevent any water on the deflector
from passing underneath the partition and thence down into the space below it.
Furthermore the deflector at each side edge has a lip or flange projecting down
from it over or into one of two inclined gutters arranged on the inner sides of the
hood and leading to and through the lower corners of its mouth. There is also to
the outer edge of the said deflector a lip or flange, to close and extend below the
lower edge of the mouth when the deflector is closed. This flange or lip is to
prevent water from being driven between the deflector and the said lower edge,
when the deflector is closed. The gutters intercept and convey out of the ventilator

page_text: any water that may pass laterally off the upper surface of the deflector. The
deflector may be made without the lips, but it is preferable to have them, as they
serve as additional means of preventing water from working into the ventilator.
There is attached to the upper deflector a chain, cord, or rope, which after being
led partially around two guide wheels, arranged in the hood is connected to a rod
adapted to slide vertically within the duct, surmounted by the hood-A small pan
or vessel is attached to the rod, at its lower end, such pan being arranged directly
over or within a tunnel having its discharge pipe, furnished with a damper or
closing valve, and arranged to carry off any water that may fall into the tunnel.
The upper deflector is to be of sufficient weight, or is to be weighted, for it in
falling to raise the pan.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Herbert John Haddan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
24th August 1882.
"
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
VENTILATORS a communication from abroad by Patrick Mihan, of Massachusetts,
United States of America.
In the accompanying drawings, Figure is a side view Figure 2, a front
elevation Figure 3. is a longitudinal and transverse section of a ventilator of my
improved kind-Figure 4-is a transverse section of its lower deflector and its
water intercepting and discharging gutters The ventilator is intended principally
for use on shipboard for ventilating the cabin or other part of a navigable vessel,
although it may be employed to advantage on dwellings or various other structures
on land. The nature of this Invention is set forth in the claim or claims herein-
after presented-The said Ventilator consists in part of a hood A having on one
side of it a mouth a, of a rectangular or other suitable form and also having
within and across it the said hood and in rear of and arranged with the mouth as
represented a partition b-The Ventilator as represented further consists of two
deflectors B. C. one of which viz: the lower C of them is hinged at its upper part
to the lower part of the partition b the upper deflector B, being hinged to the
partition on or about on a level with the top of the mouth a-The lower deflector,
when down or closed, inclines toward and rests upon the lower edge of the mouth,
so, the upper deflector when up or closed rests against the upper edge of the said
mouth-At its back the lower deflector is provided with a lip or flange c to extend
from it upward in rear of and against the partition b such lip when the deflector
is closed serving to prevent any water on the deflector from passing underneath
the partition and thence down into the space below it-Furthermore the
deflector C. at each side edge has a lip or flange d projecting down from it over or
into one of two inclined gutters e arranged on the inner sides of the hood and
leading to and through the lower corners of its mouth-There is also to the outer
edge of the said deflector a lip or flange f to close and extend below the lower edge
of the mouth, when the deflector is closed-This flange or lip is to prevent water
from being driven between the deflector and the said lower edge when the deflector
is closed-The gutters intercept and convey out of the Ventilator any water that
may pass laterally off the upper surface of the deflector-The deflector C may be
made without the lips fand à but it is preferable to have them, as they serve as
additional means of preventing water from working into the ventilator-There is
attached to the upper deflector B, a chain cord or rope g, which after being led
partially around two guide wheels hi arranged in the hood, in manner as repre-
sented, is connected to a rod k adapted to slide vertically within the duct 1,
surmounted by the hood. A small pan or vessel m is attached to the rod k, at its
lower end, such pan being arranged directly over or within a funnel n having its
discharge pipe o furnished with a damper or closing valve p and arranged to carry
off any water that may fall into the funnel. The upper deflector is to be of
sufficient weight or is to be weighted, for it in falling to raise the pan-Should a
sea strike the Ventilator, and water thereby be caused to flow upward into the hood
and over the top of the partition b, such water will drop into the pan and by
its weight will cause the pan to descend and lift up and suddenly close the upper
deflector in order to stop the inflow of water-On the pan thus descending
a valve r to an opening & in the bottom of the pan will be opened by a
projection t from such valve being carried against the funnel, in which
case the water in the pan will be discharged from it until the upper deflector may

page_text: drop down and lift the pan-While the weather is fair or pleasant the lower
deflector is to be kept raised up to the top of the mouth a in which case air or wind
blown against the lower surface of the deflector, will be deflected thereby down-
ward into the hood and thence down its duct 7, but during bad or stormy weather,
the lower deflector is to be closed in which case air on being blown against the
inclined upper surface of the said deflector will be reflected thereby upward into
the hood and over the partition b and by the curved top of the hood will be turned
down into and through the hood-A stay or plate v arranged in the hood in manner
as shewn serving to support one of the journals in which one of the guide wheels h. i.
turns I would remark that the ventilator may be used to advantage without the
upper deflector, in other words, that such deflector may be dispensed with, but it
is preferable to have it I would also remark that the gravitating pan may also be
omitted in some cases, the rod and line or cord for supporting such pan being then
employed to enable a person by pulling on the rod to raise the upper deflector,
partially or entirely upward as occasion may require such deflector being not only
to prevent water from being blown or driven upward into the hood but to regulate
the inflow of air-Figure 5, is a front elevation, and Figure 6 a vertical and trans-
verse section of a ventilator, having a mouth, vertical partition, and two deflectors,
like the ventilator hereinbefore described and also having means of closing the
upper deflector or forcing it into a horizontal position when a sea may enter the
mouth of the ventilator In such figures 5 and 6--A is the ventilator hood having
on one side of it a mouth a, of a square or other suitable form and also having
within and across it, the said hood, and in rear of and arranged as represonted with
the mouth, a partition b. In the hood are the two deflectors B and C, the lower of
them (viz that marked C) being hinged at its upper part to the lower part of the
partition b. The upper deflector B is hinged to the said partition near its top-
The lower deflector when down or closed, inclines downward toward and rests upon
the lower edge of the mouth a and when raised upward to its highest position such
deflector inclines upward toward and rests against the top of the said mouth-
Over the lower deflector are two moveable rectangular plates D and E which are
hinged together and extend across the hood-They are arranged at an acute angle
to the lower deflector, to which the lower of said plates at its lower edge is hinged
-At its upper edge the upper of the said plates boars against the front side of the
partition The said upper plate extends under and against two studs d d pro-
jecting inward from opposite sides of the hood and arranged as represented-A
chain or rope e is fixed to the upper part of the lower plate, and extends upward
and around guide wheels f. g and h arranged within the hood in manner as
represented, and is fastened to the upper deflector-From this latter deflector an
arm i extends as shewn, and has attached to it, and to a stud k at the front of the
hood an elastic spring 1, which operates to pull forward the arm i and turn the
upper deflector downward toward the partition. In case of a sea entering the mouth
of the ventilator when the deflector C is down such sea will impinge against either
or each of the plates D and E and force them downward whereby the upper
deflector will at the same time be raised to an inclined or closing position so as to
serve as a barrier to prevent the water from passing upward and over the top of
the partition, and thence falling down through the hood-Immediately on the force
of the sea becoming expended the upper deflector will be moved downward against
the partition, and the two plates D and E will be drawn upward into one plaue
with each other by the retractive power of the spring, the two studs d d operating
to prevent the upper of the plates from being drawn up higher-In raising the
deflector C the upper of the plates D and E will be borne against the studs which
will hold it down, while the lower plate moves upward with the said deflector, Thus
it will be seen that the addition of the two plates D and E does not prevent the
raising of the lower deflector up to the top of the mouth a.
What I claim in the afore described Ventilator is as follows, viz, 1-The
Ventilator hood, provided with the mouth a, partition b deflector C adapted and
arranged substantially as set forth. 2. The Ventilator hood provided with the

page_text: mouth a partition b and the two deflectors B and C adapted and arranged sub-
stantially as set forth. 3. The hood provided with the inclined gutters e and with
the deflector C and partition b arranged with the mouth a of the said hood,
substantially as set forth. 4. The deflector C provided with a rear lip or flange c
in combination and arranged as described with the hood and its mouth and
partition b disposed as shewn. 5. The deflector C provided with the side lips d
in combination and arranged as described with the hood and its mouth a
partition and gutters e disposed as represented. 6. The deflector C provided
with the front lip ƒ in combination and arranged as described with the hood and
its mouth a, and partition b disposed as represented. 7. The combination of the
discharging tunnel n with a ventilator hood provided with the mouth a partition b
and deflector C arranged and applied as set forth. 8. The combination of the
water intercepting pan m provided with the discharge valve as described with the
tunnel n and with a ventilator hood provided with a mouth a partition b and the
two deflectors B and C, all being adapted and arranged to operate in manner and
for the purposes substantially as set forth. 9. The combination of the two plates D
and E hinged to each other and arranged as described within the hood, A and
connected with the upper deflector B by means as explained with such deflector
and its operative spring and the partition b arranged in the hood as set forth.
10. The combination of the studs d with the hood A its partition b and two
deflectors B and C and the plates D and E arranged and applied substantially as
explained.
In witness whereof I the said Herbert John Haddan have hereunto set my