Improvements in Ball Bearings.
Year: 1895

page_text: Improvements in Ball Bearings.
A communication from abroad by FRANCIS MARION LECHNER and WILLIAM
EDWARD MOLING, both of Columbus, Franklin County, State of Ohio,
United States of America, Gentlemen.
I, WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of 46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
London, Consulting Engineer and Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The invention relates to the improvement of ball bearings for vehicle and other
wheels and the objects of the invention are to provide an improved bearing of this
class of superior construction and arrangement of parts and to produce other
improvements in details of construction which will be more fully pointed out
hereinafter.
These objects are accomplished in the manner illustrated in the accompanying
drawings, in which
Fig. 1 is a central vertical longitudinal section through a wheel hub having the
improved bearing therein.
Fig. 2 is a view in elevation of the boxing.
Fig. 3 is a view in elevation of one of the boxing or bearing rings or sections,
and Fig. 4 is an end view of the same.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
a represents the spindle of a wheel axle, the latter being provided at intervals
with peripheral grooves b. The spindle thus grooved is adapted to be surrounded
by a boxing consisting of a number of ring sections c which telescope one within
the other.
The first ring section or that which is employed about the inner end of the
spindle consists, as shown in the drawing, of a collar or short tubular body which
is provided on its inner end with an enlarged head or peripheral flange d. The
outer end of this inner ring or tube c is as indicated at e, concaved to provide a
bearing for and conform to the surface curves of a circular row of bearing balls e¹,
which also bear in the inner one of the spindle grooves. Each of the remaining
ring sections forming the boxing, with the exception of the outer section, which as
hereinafter described varies slightly in form, consists of a tubular body which has
formed with its upper portion an inward extension fof less thickness than the body
of the ring e and which has formed with its lower portion an outward extension g
corresponding in thickness with the inward extension f. This outward extension
has its outer end concaved to conform to the concaved ends of the first or inner
ring c. As shown in the drawing the upper ring extension has its upper side
Alush with the upper side of the ring body, while the lower ring extension has its
under side flush with the under side of said ring body.
Through each of the extensions and near the outer end thereof is formed an
opening h. The shoulder formed by the junction of the forward extension and
the body of each of the rings is, as shown, rounded or concaved as iudicated at i.
In connecting the ring sections formed as above described, to complete the
mproved boxing, the inner extension ƒ of the second ring section from the inner

page_text: end is made to fit over the body of the inner end ring or tube c and the outer
extensions g of the succeeding rings are telescoped within'or embraced by the inner
extensions of adjoining ring sections. By thus successively connecting the ring
sections, it is obvious that a substantially continuous bearing tube may be formed
of the desired length which is adapted to loosely surround an axle or shaft spindle.
In order to insert a set of bearing balls within each of the peripheral grooves of
the spindle, one of the sections c is first so arranged with reference to the other as
to bring its opening & immediately over one of the spindle grooves, thus admitting
of the bearing balls e¹ being dropped downward through said opening into said
groove, after which said ring section is pushed inward until the end of its
extension fabuts against the body of the ring and the rounded shoulder i of said
section is in contact with and forms a partial bearing for the bearing balls thus
inserted.
In the construction of the outer one of the rings c the outward extension g is
omitted.
In order to utilize the improved bearing in a wheel hub k such as shown in the
drawing, the bore of said hub is provided with a tubular lining or sleeve k¹ having
external threads on its end portions.
m represents an end washer or cap plate, the body of which is made to surround
the axle at the junction of the latter with its spindle, the inwardly projecting neck
portion of which extends within a recess at the inner end of the hub and has a
screw threaded engagement with the internal sleeve k'.
The spindle having the sectional boxing thereon, formed as hereinbefore
described, is inserted within the hub sleeve k until the inner end of said box bears
against the cap plate m after which a cap plate n is made to close the outer end of
the boxing, said outer end cap plate having an internally threaded neck portion
which as indicated in the drawing, is adapted to engage with the external threads
of the outer end of the sleeve k¹.
From the construction and operation herein shown and described, it will be seen
that the bearing balls will have their inner surfaces running and bearing within the
peripheral grooves of the spindle; while their outer surfaces will bear partially
against the concaved ends of the forward extensions of the rings and partially
against the shoulders i of said rings. By forming the boxing of the correspondingly
shaped sections c, it is evident that the same may be made of any desired length
and that a reliable and effective form of ball bearing is produced which will
withstand great wear and which will be inexpensive and easy of construction.
Although the bearing herein described is shown as connected with a vehicle
wheel hub, it is evident that said bearing might be employed for shafting or other
spindles.
It will be observed that the end caps m and n will not only serve to hold firmly
in place the boxing sections, but that the heads of said caps which are of greater
diameter than the necks thereof, will bear against the hub ends and operate to
retain the hub against any lateral movement on the sleeve k¹. In this manner the
end caps in conjunction with the sleeve k¹ will serve to bind the hub and its boxing
parts together.
Dated this 8th day of August 1895.

page_text: Improvements in Dall DECTION
A communication from abroad by FRANCIS MARION LECHNER and WILLIAM
EDWARD MOLING, both of Columbus, Franklin County, State of Ohio,
United States of America, Gentlemen.
I, WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of 46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
London, Consulting Engineer and Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The invention relates to the improvement of ball bearings for vehicle and other
wheels and the objects of the invention are to provide an improved bearing of this
class of superior construction and arrangement of parts and to produce other
improvements in details of construction which will be more fully pointed out
hereinafter.
These objects are accomplished in the manner illustrated in the drawings filed
with my Provisional Specification, in which
Fig. 1 is a central vertical longitudinal section through a wheel hub having the
improved bearing therein.
Fig. 2 is a view in elevation of the boxing.
Fig. 3 is a view in elevation of one of the boxing or bearing rings or sections
and Fig. 4 is an end view of the same.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
a represents the spindle of a wheel axle, the latter being provided at intervals
with peripheral grooves b. The spindle thus grooved is adapted to be surrounded
by a boxing consisting of a number of ring sections c which telescope one within
the other.
The first ring section or that which is employed about the inner end of the
spindle consists, as shown in the drawing, of a collar or short tubular body which
is provided on its inner end with an enlarged head or peripheral flange d. The
outer end of this inner ring or tube c is as indicated at e, concaved to provide a
bearing for and conform to the surface curves of a circular row of bearing balls e¹,
which also bear in the inner one of the spindle grooves. Each of the remaining
ring sections forming the boxing, with the exception of the outer section, which as
hereinafter described varies slightly in form, consists of a tubular body which has
formed with its upper portion an inward extension f of less thickness than the body
of the ring c and which has formed with its lower portion an outward extension g
corresponding in thickness with the inward extension f. This outward extension
has its outer end concaved to conform to the concaved ends of the first or inner
ring c. As shown in the drawing the upper ring extension has its upper side
flush with the upper side of the ring body, while the lower ring extension
under side flush with the under side of said ring body.
has its
Through each of the extensions f and near the outer end thereof is formed an
opening. The shoulder formed by the junction of the forward extension f and
the body of each of the rings is, as shown, rounded or concaved as indicated at i.
In connecting the ring sections formed as above described, to complete the
improved boxing, the inner extension of the second ring section from the inner
end is made to fit over the body of the inner end ring or tube c and the outer
extensions g of the succeeding rings are telescoped within or embraced by the inner
extensions of adjoining ring sections. By thus successively connecting the ring.
sections, it is obvious that a substantially continuous bearing tube may be formed"
of the desired length which is adapted to loosely surround an axle or shaft spindle.
j

page_text: In order to insert a set of bearing balls within each of the peripheral grooves of
the spindle, one of the sections c is first so arranged with reference to the other as
o bring its opening & immediately over one of the spindle grooves, thus admitting
of the bearing balls e¹ being dropped downward through said opening into said
groove, after which said ring section is pushed inward until the end of its
extension fabuts against the body of the ring and the rounded shoulder i of said
section is in contact with and forms a partial bearing for the bearing balls thus
inserted.
g
In the construction of the outer one of the rings c the outward extension is
omitted.
In order to utilize the improved bearing in a wheel hub k such as shown in the
drawing, the bore of said hub is provided with a tubular lining or sleeve k' having
external threads on its end portions.
m represents an end washer or cap plate, the body of which is made to surround
the axle at the junction of the latter with its spindle, the inwardly projecting neck
portion of which extends within a recess at the inner end of the hub and has a
screw threaded engagement with the internal sleeve k².
The spindle having the sectional boxing thereon, formed as herein before
described, is inserted within the hub sleeve until the inner end of said box bears
against the cap plate m after which a cap plate n is made to close the outer end of
the boxing, said outer end cap plate having an internally threaded neck portion
which as indicated in the drawing, is adapted to engage with the external threads
of the outer end of the sleeve k¹.
From the construction and operation herein shown and described, it will be seen
that the bearing balls will have their inner surfaces running and bearing within the
peripheral grooves of the spindle, while their outer surfaces will bear partially
against the concaved ends of the forward extensions of the rings and partially
against the shoulders i of said rings. By forming the boxing of the correspondingly
shaped sections c, it is evident that the same may be made of any desired length
and that a reliable and effective form of ball bearing is produced which will
withstand great wear and which will be inexpensive and easy construction.
Although the bearing herein described is shown as connected with a vehicle
wheel hub, it is evident that said bearing might be employed for shafting or other
spindles.
It will be observed that the end caps m and n will not only serve to hold firmly
in place the boxing sections, but that the heads of said caps which are of greater
diameter than the necks thereof, will bear against the hub ends and operate to
In this manner the
retain the hub against any lateral movement on the sleeve k¹.
end caps in conjunction with the sleeve will serve to bind the hub and its boxing
parts together.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In a ball bearing the combination with a spindle or shaft having a number of
peripheral grooves therein, of a boxing surrounding said spindle, said boxing
consisting of a number of tubular sections or rings telescoped one within the other
and bearing balls bearing partially in the spindle grooves and partially within
corresponding grooves formed between the telescoped ring sections, substantially as
and for the purpose specified.
2. In a ball bearing the combination with a spindle or shaft a having peripheral
grooves therein, of a tubular boxing surrounding said spindle, said boxing consisting
of a number of ring sections c adapted to fit one within the other each of said ring
sections having an opening therethrough and grooves corresponding to those in the
shaft, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
3. In a ball bearing the combination with a spindle or shaft having peripheral
grooves therein, of a boxing loosely surrounding said spindle, said boxing consisting

page_text: of a number of short tubes or ring sections, said sections having grooves corre-
sponding to those in the shaft and inner and outer extensions of less thickness than
the bodies of the rings, the inner extensions of said rings having openings there-
through and being adapted to overlap the outer extensions of adjoining rings,
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
4. In a ball bearing the combination with a spindle or shaft having grooves
therein, a boxing sleeve having grooves in its inner surface loosely surrounding the
same, bearing balls between said sleeve and spindle and bearing in said grooves and
a hub body about said sleeve, of end caps m and n each having an inwardly
extending internally threaded neck portion, the latter having a threaded
engagement with the ends of said sleeve and the heads of said caps having a.
bearing against the ends of said hub body and the ends of the boxing, substantially
as and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 4th day of May 1896.
W. LLOYD WISE,
46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.