AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION TO BE USED FOR MAKINg, Laying, or SuRFACING ROADWays, Footways, anD OTHER SIMILAR SURFACES, RENDERING THEM SAFE AND SLIPLESS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Stone, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION TO BE
USED FOR MAKINg, Laying, or SuRFACING ROADWays, Footways, anD OTHER
SIMILAR SURFACES, RENDERING THEM SAFE AND SLIPLESS."
Scaled the 15th August 1873, and dated the 4th April 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Stone at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th April 1873.
I, ROBERT STONE, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED COM-
POSITION TO BE USED FOR MAKING, LAYING, OR SURFACING ROADWAYS, FOOTWAYS,
AND OTHER SIMILAR SURFACES, RENDERING THEM SAFE AND SLIPLESS," to be as
follows:
-
A composition according to my Invention consists of lead ore, ground
or pulverized into a fine powder, and then mixed with cement, fine
ground flint, or Halkin mountain, or other hard fine close grained stone
mixed and set with pitch, tar, rosin, or other suitable binding liquid, the

page_text: whole forming an asphalte, which is laid under pressure by rollers or
otherwise, and is suitable for making or surfacing roadways, footways,
or other surfaces, and rendering them safe and slipless.
The use of lead ore as an ingredient is a sufficient guarantee that the
surfaces cannot be slippery in any weather.
The composition may be used in connexion with any asphalte, con-
crete, or plastic material used in the construction of roads or other
surfaces; or a composition consisting of finely ground or pulverized lead
ore mixed with pitch, tar, rosin, or other amalgamating or binding
material may be used as a topping or surface layer in conjunction with
any known method of constructing roadways or other surfaces, the use
of the lead in the composition serving to render roadways safe and
slipless.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Robert Stone in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 25th September 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
STONE, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of April, in the year,
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Robert Stone, Her special
licence that I, the said Robert Stone, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Robert Stone, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
COMPOSITION TO BE USED FOR MAKING, LAYING, OR SURFACING ROADWAYS, FOOT-
WAYS, AND OTHER SIMILAR SURFACES, RENDERING THEM SAFE AND SLIPLESS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Robert Stone, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or

page_text: their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Stone, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
A composition according to my Invention consists of lead ore,
ground or pulverized into fine powder, and then mixed with cement,
fine ground flint, or Halkin mountain, or other hard fine close grained
stone mixed and set with pitch, tar, rosin, or other suitable binding
liquid or material, the whole forming an asphalte or composition, which
is laid under pressure by rollers or otherwise, and is suitable for
making or surfacing roadways, footways, or other surfaces, and rendering
them safe and slipless.
The use of lead ore as an ingredient is a sufficient guarantee that the
surfaces cannot be slippery in any weather.
The composition may be used in connexion with any asphalte, con-
crete, or plastic material used in the construction of roads or other
surfaces; or a composition consisting of finely ground or pulverized lead
ore mixed with pitch, tar, rosin, or other amalgamating or binding
material may be used as a topping or surface layer in conjunction with
any known method of constructing roadways or other surfaces, the use
of the lead in the composition serving to render roadways safe and
slipless.
Ground or pulverized lead ore, ground or pulverized flint, Halkin
mountain, or other hard stone, or cement, or rosin may be used either
together or separately for the purpose of topping roads made of
asphalte, concrete, or other plastic material, and will render such roads
safe and slipless.
Ground or pulverized lead ore, ground or pulverized flint, Halkin
mountain, or other hard fine grained stone, calcinized or burnt, together
or separately, and mixed with chalk or limestone, and formed into a
cement, may be used for the purpose of topping roads made of asphalte,

page_text: concrete, or other plastic material, and will render such roads safe and
slipless.
Having now stated the nature, object, and purposes of my Invention,
what I claim as my Invention, and secured to me by Letters Patent as
aforesaid is,―
5
First. A composition consisting of lead ore ground or pulverized into
fine powder, and then mixed with cement, fine ground pulverized flint,
Halkin mountain, or other hard fine close grained stone mixed and set
with pitch, tar, rosin, or other suitable binding liquid or material, the
whole forming an asphalte or composition to be used for topping or 1
surfacing roadways or other surfaces, rendering them safe and
slipless.
Secondly. The use of fine ground pulverized lead ore, flint, or any
powder from a hard stone or cement to be used together or separately
for topping roads or other surfaces made of asphalte or other plastic 1
materials.
Thirdly. The use of fine ground or pulverized lead ore, ground or
pulverized flint, Halkin mountain, or other hard fine grained stone,
calcinized or burnt, together or separately, mixed with chalk or lime-
stone, and formed into a cement to be used for topping roads or other 2
surfaces made of asphalte or other plastic materials.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Stone, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
ROBERT (LS) STONE.