IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING SHIPS, AND IN APPARATUS AND APPLIANCES THEREFOR.”
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Munro, of Seaforth, in the County of Lancaster,
Horticultural Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING
SHIPS, AND IN APPARATUS AND APPLIANCES THEREFOR.”
"
Sealed the 28th February 1878, and dated the 21st November 1877.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said James Munro at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st November 1877.
JAMES MUNRO, of Seaforth, in the County of Lancaster, Horticultural Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING SHIPS, AND IN APPARATUS OR APPLIANCES
THEREFOR
"
The object of my Invention is to provide means and apparatus or appliances
whereby the holds, and other desired spaces, more especially of steamships, may be
efficiently ventilated both when the ship is in motion and at rest; and the
Invention more especially relates to the ventilation of ships for carrying live stock, coal,
and other objects and substances which require a constant and efficient ventilation
to be maintained.
In carrying the Invention into effect, I induce currents of air from the hold and
other spaces by the action of the heat radiated by the main funnel or funnels when
the products of combustion from the boilers are passing therethrough, and by the
action of a steam jet or jets operated from an auxiliary boiler when the main boilers
are not being fired.
Appliances for carrying my said Invention into effect are, under one modification,
as follows: A casing or casings, preferably lagged or surrounded with non-con-
ducting material, is or are placed or built round the main funnel or funnels, so as to
leave an annular space or annular spaces between the said casing or casings and the
funnel or funnels; an induction pipe or induction pipes leads or lead from the
bottom of the said annular space or annular spaces to a series of branch pipes,
which lead into the different spaces of the ship which it is desired to ventilate.
The said branch pipes are perforated or formed with openings through which air is
sucked or drawn out of the hold or other desired parts of the ship to pass up
Paine B1

page_text: the annular space or annular spaces around the funnel or funnels of the said ship
into the atmosphere. When the said currents of air are not being induced by the
heat of the funnel or funnels, a valve or valves in the induction pipe or induction
pipes, leading from the annular space or annular spaces to the branch pipes, is or
are closed, and a steam jet or steam jets, which is or are connected to the induction
pipe or induction pipes at each side of the said valve or valves, is or are caused to
induce currents of air to pass from the said branch pipes to the annular space or
annular spaces, and thence to the atmosphere. A projecting ring or rings are
placed or fitted around the top of the funnel or funnels above the surrounding
casing or casings to prevent rain, water, or other objectionable matter descending
the annular space or annular spaces.
In some cases I make use of currents of air, induced by the heat of the galley
funnel, to assist in ventilating the ship, in which case the pipe leading from the
annular space is formed with a bend or division piece, so as to prevent any soot or
dirt from descending the ventilating pipe.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of so much of a ship as is necessary to illustrate
my Invention. 1 is the main funnel; 2 is the surrounding casing covered with
non-conducting material 3; 4, annular space; 5, projecting ring; 6, induction pipe;
7, valve; 8, injector supplied with steam through the pipe 9, and connected to
6 by the openings 10, 11, 12, are branch pipes leading to the different spaces
of the ship which it is desired to ventilate.
When products of combustion are passing up the funnel 1, the valve 7 is open,
and air currents are induced through the pipes 12 and 6 into the annular space 4,
and pass off to the atmosphere through the opening 13. When products of com-
bustion are not passing through the funnel 1, the valve 7 is closed, and air currents
are induced by the action of the injector 8 to pass from the pipes 12 by the openings
10, 11, to the annular space 4, and thence to the atmosphere. In the above manner
vitiated or foul air is drawn off from any desired space in the ship, and fresh air
takes its place through any opening or openings communicating with the at-
mosphere.
Fig. 2 is a plan view, Fig. 3 a front elevation, and Fig. 4 a side elevation of a
galley stove and funnel fitted with my apparatus or appliances for assisting
ventilation. 14 is the funnel; 15 is the casing; 16 is the annular space; 17 is a
projecting piece to catch the heat ascending from the top of the stove; 18 is a
passage round the stove communicating with the said annular space; 19 is the
ventilating pipe connected to the passage 18 by the bent portion 20, so that any
soot or dirt from the stove or funnel will lodge in the space 21, from which it may
be removed from time to time through the door 22, or in any other desired
manner.
The improvements described under Figs. 2, 3, and 4 may be used alone or in
combination with the improvements described under Fig. 1.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention in such a manner that
others will be enabled so carry my improvements into effect, I claim,―
First. Ventilating ships by inducing currents of air from the hold and other
spaces to be ventilated by the action of the heat radiated from the main funnel or
funnels, and by the action of a steam jet or jets acting in combination, substantially
as set forth.
Second. The combination of the annular space 4, induction pipe 6, valve 7,
and injector 8, operating substantially as set forth.
Third. The combination of the annular space 4, induction pipe 6, valve 7,
injector 8, and branch pipes 12, operating substantially as set forth.
Fourth. The combination of the annular space 4, casing 2, non-conducting
material 3, and ring 5, substantially as set forth.

page_text: Fifth. The combination of the annular space 4, ring 5, induction pipe 6, valve 7,
and injector 8, substantially as set forth.
Sixth. The combination of the annular space 16, passage 18, and bent pipe 20,
substantially, as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Munro, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, the Nineteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
JAMES JOHNSON,
Patent Office,
4, Clayton Square,
L'pool.
JAMES MUNRO. (L.S.)