IMPROVED APPARATUS TO BE USED FOR BRUSHING AND DRESSING CLOTH." SP
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Coles, of Gresham Street West, in the
City of London, Merchant, James Archibald Jaques, of Tottenham, in
the County of Middlesex, Chemist, and John Americus Fanshawe, of the
same Place, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS TO BE
USED FOR BRUSHING AND DRESSING CLOTH."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Coles, James
Archibald Jaques, and John Americus Fanshawe at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 18th July 1861.
We, GEORGE COLES, of Gresham Street, West, in the City of London,
Merchant, JAMES ARCHIBALD JAQUES, of Tottenham, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, Chemist, and JOHN AMERICUS FANSHAWE, of the same Place, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS
TO BE USED FOR BRUSHING AND DRESSING CLOTH," to be as follows:-
Our Invention of improved apparatus to be used for brushing and dressing
cloth consists in adapting to machines for brushing and dressing cloth a roller
or rollers provided on their peripheries with elastic ribbed rubbing edges,
which, when the rollers are set in motion, will rub, brush, or dress the surface
of the cloth. These ribbed rubbing edges are arranged helically round the
rollers, but the helical coils commence at or near the middle of the rollers,
and are arranged in opposite directions, so that when acting on the surface of

page_text: the cloth, they may keep the same spread out or distended in a lateral
direction. The elastic ribbed rubbing edges are made of india-rubber, but
the peculiar form, dimensions, and arrangement of these working parts must
depend upon the nature of the material to be operated upon, and the effect
that it is desired to produce.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Coles, James Archibald Jaques, and John Americus
Fanshawe in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 18th January 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
COLES, of Gresham Street West, in the City of London, Merchant, JAMES
ARCHIBALD JAQUES, of Tottenham, in the County of Middlesex, Chemist, and
JOHN AMERICUS FANSHAWE, of the same Place, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said George Coles, James Archibald Jaques, and John Americus Fanshawe,
Her special license that we, the said George Coles, James Archibald Jaques,
and John Americus Fanshawe, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said George Coles, James Archibald Jaques, and John
Americus Fanshawe, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED
APPARATUS TO BE USED FOR BRUSHING AND DRESSING CLOTH," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said George Coles, James Archibald Jaques,
and John Americus Fanshawe, by an instrument in writing under our hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said George Coles, James Archibald
Jaques, and John Americus Fanshawe, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,

page_text: reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the letters and
figures marked thereon (that is to say):
-
Our Invention of "Improved Apparatus to be used for Brushing and
Dressing Cloth," consists in adapting to machines for brushing and dressing
cloth a roller or rollers provided on their peripheries with elastic-ribbed
rubbing edges, which, when the rollers are set in motion, will rub, brush, or
dress the surface of the cloth. These ribbed rubbing edges are arranged
helically round the rollers, but the helical coils commence at or near the middle
of the rollers, and are arranged in opposite directions, so that when acting on
the surface of the cloth, they may keep the same spread out or distended in a
lateral direction from the centre. The elastic ribbed rubbing edges are made
of india-rubber, but the peculiar form, dimensions, and arrangement of these
working parts must depend upon the nature of the material to be operated
upon, and the effect that it is desired to produce.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 is a plan view of our improved
machine or apparatus complete; Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the same.
The cloth or fabric to be brushed or dressed is wound on to a roller a, and
placed in the machine in suitable bearings. This roller a carries at one end
a pulley a', over which passes a weighted strap or cord a², whereby a proper
amount of friction is given to the roller a, so that when the cloth or fabric is
passed through the machine, as indicated by the red line a*, in Fig. 2, it may
be kept at proper tension. The cloth a*, in its passage through the machine,
is carried under and over two tension rollers b, b, and from thence round the
roller c, on the axle of which is a large band wheel d, which is driven by a
pulley e on the shaft f, by means of the strap or band g. A metal or other
roller h, which forms the main driving shaft of the machine, is mounted in
suitable bearings, and carries at one end the fast and loose pulleys h³, h³, and
at the opposite end another pulley h, which by means of a strap or band i,
communicates motion to the large wheel j on the lower shaft f. The metal
roller h is provided on its periphery with elastic rubbing surfaces k, composed
of a strip or strips of mineralized or vulcanized india-rubber or other analogous
elastic compound. These rubbing surfaces commence at or near a point midway
between the extremities of the roller, and wind helically round its periphery in
opposite directions, as shewn in Fig. 1.
Although we have only shewn one helical coil divided in the centre, it will
be evident that two or more may be adapted to the same roller, if desired.
The mode of securing these elastic rubbing surfaces to the roller h will be best
understood by referring to Fig. 3, which is a transverse sectional view of
the roller drawn full size. A helical groove is cut or planed out of the

page_text: periphery of the roller h, one side of the helical groove being undercut or dove-
tailed, as shewn in Fig. 3, and the lower edge of the india-rubber rubbing
surface is dovetailed to correspond. A metal filling piece * is secured in
the helical groove by means of screws, and holds the india-rubber rubbing
surface firmly in its place. The part colored red, in Fig. 3, represents the
end or sectional area of the india-rubber rubbing surfaces k, which it will be
seen are stiff enough to offer considerable resistance when in operation. The
upper edges of the rubbing surfaces are grooved out to reduce the edges so that
they may possess the requisite amount of elasticity to operate properly on the
cloth or fabric. It will now be understood that upon communicating motion
to the driving pullies h', the brushing roller will be set in rapid rotation, and
the projecting edges of the rubbing surfaces will bear against and brush and
dress the cloth, the peculiar arrangement of the helical coils causing the cloth
to be at the same time stretched out smooth. The arrangement of the bands
and pullies throughout the machine will cause the cloth to be drawn slowly
.through the machine, and passed under the action of the rotary rubbing
surfaces, and ultimately wound on to the roller c.
Having now described our Invention of improved apparatus to be used for
brushing and dressing cloth, and having explained the manner of carrying the
same into effect, we claim as our Invention the employment for the above-
mentioned purposes of elastic rubbing surfaces constructed in the manner
herein set forth.
In witness whereof, we, the said George Coles, James Archibald Jaques,
and John Americus Fanshawe, have hereunto set our hands and seals,
this Fifteenth day of January, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-two.
GEO. COLES.
JAS. A. JAQUES.
(L.S.)
(L.S.)
JOHN A. FANSHAWE. (L.S.)