Improvements in or connected with Refrigerating Apparatus for Cold Stores.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Feb., 1898-Accepted, 12th Mar., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Refrigerating Apparatus
for Cold Stores.
I, ERNEST HENRY WEST, of 29, Wiltshire Road, Brixton, London, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates more especially to refrigerating apparatus for cold stores in
which the refrigerating effect, is produced by circulating cold brine or other suitable.
more or less incongealable liquid through a refrigerator and through pipes suitably
arranged in the room to be cooled.
And in order that the said invention may be fully understood I will now proceed
to describe the same with the aid of the accompanying sheet of drawings, in which
Figure 1 is a sectional plan of a cold store with refrigerating apparatus applied thereto
constructed and arranged in accordance with my invention and Figure 2 is a
sectional elevation taken on the line X-x of Figure 1.
A represents the room or store to be cooled, insulated in the usual way to prevent,
as much as possible, the passage of heat from the outside into the interior.
B is the
refrigerator of any suitable refrigerating machine such as one in which the
refrigerating effect is provided by the alternate liquifaction and gasification of an
hydrous ammonia or carbonic-acid, for example. This refrigerator is enclosed in a
tank C containing brine or other suitable more or less incongealable liquid. D is the
condenser, and E the gas compression pump of the refrigerating machine, and F is a
gas engine, or if preferred a steam or other motive power engine, arranged to operate
the compression pump crank shaft E¹ by means of a driving belt & and pulleys H
and I. It will be understood that the compression pump E is connected to the
refrigerator B and condenser D, by means of the usual suction and delivery pipes
and valves, and the refrigerator B with the condenser D by means of the usual liquid
return pipe and regulating valve, although these are not fully shown in the drawings as
they are well understood and do not require illustration. K is a zigzag coil of piping
fixed to the walls of the room A, or if preferred to the roof thereof, and through which
a circulation of cold brine from and to the refrigerator tank C is maintained by means
of a rotary or other pump L driven by a belt M from the engine F acting upon the
shaft N of the pump fan, which shaft passes through the wall of the room A as shown. The
pump L draws brine through the suction pipe P from the bottom of the refrigerator
tank C, forces it through the coil K, and back to the top of the tank through the
pipe Q.
The refrigerator tank C is enclosed within a casing R provided at its upper part
with an aperture S, is or opposite to which is arranged a "Blackman or other
suitable air fan T driven by a shaft U which passes through the wall of the chamber,
as shown, and is actuated by a belt V from the engine F. The casing R is
provided with an aperture W at or near its lower end. Both the apertures S and W
open into the room A.
It will now be understood that when the apparatus is at work the cold brine
is drawn from the bottom of the refrigerator tank C by the pump L and is forced

page_text: into the lower part of the coil of pipes K through which it circulates, taking up
heat from the room A and its contents, and returns to the top of the refrigerator
tank C through the pipe Q, and makes its way to the bottom of that tank
becoming again cooled by its contact with the refrigerator B in which the
gasification of the ammonia, carbonic acid, or other refrigerating agent takes
place.
When it is desired to keep the air in the room A in motion the air fan T is caused
to rotate so as to draw-air into the casing R through the opening S from the room
and to force such air downwards in contact with the cold surface of the refrigerator
tank C, and out into the room again through the opening W, or vice versû, that is to
say into the casing R through the opening W, and out through the opening S. In
either case the air is kept in motion and the transmission of heat from it to the cold
surfaces of the coil of pipes K is facilitated, while the surface of the refrigerator
tank C is also utilized as a cooling medium.
The object of placing the refrigerator B and its tank C inside the room A is to
utilize, to the fullest extent, the whole of the refrigerating effect produced thereby..
Heretofore the refrigerator has been placed outside the room to be cooled, and there
has been a certain loss of refrigerating effect due to radiation and conduction of heat
to the tank notwithstanding the insulating material with which it is usually sur-
rounded, or the thick timber of which it is sometimes made; but by placing the
refrigerator within the room to be cooled, and leaving its tank, preferably made of
metal, without insulation the whole of the refrigerating effect is utilized, because
any heat radiated to it or conducted to it by contact with air must necessarily be
taken from the walls of the room, or from articles therein, which obviously helps the
general cooling.
The placing of the brine circulating pump L within the room to be cooled prevents
the loss of cooling effect which occurs through the reception of heat by the pump
when the latter is placed outside the room, and obviates the necessity for lagging the
pump with non-conducting material.
It is obvious that instead of employing a gas, steam, or other motive power engine
separate and distinct from the compression pump, such motive power engine may be
arranged to act directly upon the latter without the intervention of belting or other
power transmitting devices..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
First. The improvement in refrigerating apparatus for cold stores which consists
in placing the refrigerator with its enclosing tank containing brine or other non-
congealable liquid within the room or space to be cooled, substantially as described.
Second. The improvement in refrigerating apparatus for cold stores which consists
in placing the pump for circulating the non-congealable liquid through the cooling
pipes, within the room or space to be cooled, substantially as described.
Third. The improvement in refrigerating apparatus for cold stores which consists
in enclosing the refrigerator and its tank containing non-congealing liquid within a
casing in the room to be cooled, and in combining with such casing an air fan adapted
to circulate the air of the said room through the said casing in contact with the
surface of the refrigerator tank, substantially as described.
Fourth. Refrigerating apparatus for cold stores arranged and operating substantially
as described.