provements in Straight-pull Breech Actions for Bolt-guns.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Apr., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 28th Dec., 1889-Accepted, 1st Feb., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Straight-pull Breech Actions for Bolt-guns.
I, KOKA RISTA MILOVANOVITCH, Lieutenant Colonel in the Servian Army, and
Military Attaché to the Servian Embassy at Vienna in the Empire of Austria, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to straight pull cylinder breech actions, that is to say, to
cylinder breech actions, which are operated by a reciprocating the breech handle in a
straight line.
The invention has for its object to provide a simple and effective straight-pull
breech-action of such a construction as to admit of existing bolt-guns having their
breech-action easily converted into a straight-pull one.
According to the invention, the breech handle is formed on the tubular cocking
piece, which, as usual, is held against rotation by a suitable guide, and the bolt has cut
into its top side a slot with an oblique rear edge, and into the said slot projects a pin
secured to the tubular cocking piece. Owing to this arrangement, when the breech
handle is pulled backward, the percussion lock is first cocked, and afterwards, during
the so-called "over cock," the said pin of the cocking-piece bears against the oblique
rear edge of the slot of the bolt, thereby causing the bolt to turn through a certain
angle, and the locking rib of the bolt to be disengaged from the corresponding recess
of the receiver. Finally, the bolt and cocking piece are carried backward to open the
breech.
To the top surface of the cocking-piece is secured a forward-extending bar, against
the front end of which the locking rib of the bolt abuts after having been disengaged
in the described way from the recess of the receiver; thus the cocking-piece is
maintained in its overcocked position, while the bolt is being pulled backward.
The front end of the said bar is provided with an oblique surface, the longitudinal
extent of which is equal to the rate of over-cock. In consequence of this arrangement,
the locking rib will, when the bolt and cocking piece are thrust forward the full way,
be caused by the said oblique surface, acted upon by the bent main spring, to recode
sidewise. Thus, the locking rib is engaged again with the shoulder of the receiver,
and as the cocking-piece advances in the same time to the rate of the over-cock, the
full-cock bent of the cocking piece will at once engage the sear.
When the gun is fired, the said bar advances between the locking rib and the
opposite edge of the upper slot of the receiver, thereby affording an absolutely safe
closure of the breech. Owing to this circumstance, arms provided with the described
straight-pull cylinder breech action can be adapted, without danger, for automatic
firing immediately on the breech being closed. To this end, an arm or lever is pivotted
to the front portion of the trigger-guard in such a position as, when raised, to allow of
its being engaged with a notch formed in the trigger. By the said lever, the trigger
is kept sufficiently withdrawn, and consequently the sear, sufficiently lowered to prevent
the full-cock bent of the cocking piece being engaged by the sear, and thus the
cocking piece and firing pin will be thrown forward, as soon as the bolt is locked by
its rib.
D
1
A1 1000
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Straight-pull Breech Actions for Bolt-guns.
I, KOKA RISTA MILOVANOVITCH Lieutenant Colonel in the Servian Army and
Military Attaché to the Servian Embassy at Vienna in the Empire of Austria do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to straight pull-cylinder breech actions, that is to say to
cylinder breech actions, which are operated by reciprocating the breech handle in a
straight line. This invention has for its object to provide a simple and effective
straight-pull breech action of such a construction as to enable existing bolt guns to
have their breech action easily transformed into a straight-pull one.
According to the invention, the breech handle is formed on the tubular cocking
piece, which is held against rotation by a suitable guide provided in the receiver, and
the bolt has a slot with an oblique rear edge formed in its side, while a pin secured to
the tubular cocking-piece projects into the said slot. In consequence of this arrange-
ment, the percussion lock will first be cocked, on the breech-handle being pulled
backward, and afterwards the bolt will be unlocked by its rib being disengaged from
the recess in the receiver, and finally the bolt will be carried backward to open the
breech. For the purpose of engaging the rib of the bolt in the recess of the receiver
on closing the breech, a small bar is secured to the front end of the cocking-piece,
this bar being provided with an incline bearing against the rib, and on the arm being
fixed, the said bar advancing with the cocking piece and placing itself along and in
close proximity of the locking rib. As by this means a very safe closing of the
breech is obtained in the moment of firing, arms provided with such a breech action
are by preference adapted for automatic firing in the moment when the breech is
closed; to this end, the trigger may be maintained in its withdrawn position by a
locking lever.
The annexed sheet of drawings shows a Berdan breech action, transformed into a
straight-pull breech action embodying the invention.
In the drawings
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of the opened breech mechanism in overcocked state,
before the cocking piece is fixed by the sear ;
Fig. 2 is a top side view corresponding to fig.
;
Fig. 3 is a partly sectional top side view of the breech bolt ;
Fig. 4 is a top side view of the closed breech mechanism.
As clearly visible in fig. 3, the rear end of the breech bolt A is provided with a
slot a, the rear edge a¹ of which is formed into an incline, and into the said slot a
projects a stud b secured to the tubular cocking piece B, which surrounds the rear
portion of the bolt. When the breech handle which is secured to the cocking
piece B, is pulled backward, the percussion lock is cocked, and at the same time, the
stud b moves backward within the slot a. At the moment when the stud 6 begins to
bear against the oblique rear edge a¹ of the slot a, the breech bolt A begins to turn
round its axis and thereby the rib A' is disengaged from the recess A2 of the receiver.
Afterwards, when the stud & has reached the rear end of the slot a, the breech bolt A B
is wholly unlocked, and can be pulled backward into its rearmost position (see
figs. 1 and 2).
On the breech handle 61 being pushed forward, the hereinbefore mentioned small
bar 63, which is secured to the front end of the cocking piece B, bears against the rear
end of the rib A¹ of the breech bolt A thereby causing the bolt to close the breech.
If now the handle be released, the cocking piece B will be caused, by the bent main
spring c, surrounding the firing pin C, to move forward with a certain force, while the
oblique surface 63 on the front end of the said small bar 62 bears against the rear end
of the rib A¹ (see fig. 2.) thereby forcing the said rib again into the recess A² of the
receiver. The rate of advance of the cocking piece B, required for engaging the

page_text: rib A¹ into the recess of the receiver (see fig. 1) is equal to the rate of over cock, in
consequence whereof, the sear e will be engaged by the full cock bent d of the cocking
piece B as soon as the bolt is locked. When the cocking piece B rushes forward in
consequence of pressure being exerted upon the trigger D, the bar 62 advances between
the rib A¹ and the opposite edge of the receiver, as shown in Fig. 4, thereby preventing
the rib from being disengaged, while the breech is closed and the lock uncocked.
As this arrangement affords an absolutely safe closure of the breech, the arm may
be adapted, without danger, for automatic firing, immediately on the breech being
closed. As it is necessary to draw the trigger D backward for allowing the cocking-
piece B and the firing pin C to rush forward, one may obtain the automatic firing of
the arm at the moment when the breech is closed, by fixing the trigger in its with-
drawn position. To this end, an arm fis pivotted to the front part of the trigger
guard F, fig. 1, and when this arm is turned upward, as shown dotted, its free end
bears against and engages with the trigger D, keeping the same in its withdrawn
position. When the trigger D is yet more withdrawn the arm f will be disengaged
and under the action of its own weight, it will fall down into its position of rest,
thereby ceasing automatic firing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to performed I declare that what I
claim is :
1st. In a straight-pull bolt gun, the combination with the receiver, the breech bolt
and its locking rib of a tubular cocking piece having the breech handle secured to it,
enclosing the rear portion of the bolt and so guided in the receiver as to be prevented
from turning, a stud secured to the cocking-piece and projecting into a slot of the
bolt, which slot has an oblique rear edge, and a bar secured to the front end of the
top of the tubular cocking piece, and provided with an oblique front end surface,
the longitudinal extension of which is equal to the over-cock, substantially as and for
the purpose described.
2nd. The combination with a straight-pull cylinder breech mechanism, and its per-
cussion lock of an arm pivotted to the underside of the weapon, in front of the trigger,
and adapted to maintain, when swung upward, the trigger in a withdrawn position,
substantially as and for the purpose described.
1
2011
D 1080
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.