Improvements in the
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Jan., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 29th Aug., 1898-Accepted, 5th Nov., 1898
I, CHARLES MARIA PIELSTICKER, of "Kingsmead," Wembley, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
:-
Formerly I mixed the purified New Zealand ironsand, with a binding material
and formed the mixture in a mould under pressure and heat into a wheel, in a
similar manner as ground emery is formed into wheels for abrasive and polishing
purposes.
It was found that whereas such wheels for many purposes were very useful
and worked well, yet for others they were not sufficiently hard and wore down
too rapidly. My present improvement has for its object to remove this defect
and to render the wheels a great deal harder and more durable.
After
For this purpose I place the ironsand, after the removal of any silicia or other
extraneous matter, into a crucible together with a quantity of pulverized carbon-
aceous matter sufficient to reduce the ironsand to the metallic state.
I may
also add to the mixture of ironsand and carbon a substance yielding phos-
phorus to the iron, which has a tendency to render the iron harder.
covering the crucible I heat the same in a furnace until the ironsand is reduced
to the metallic state. I then empty the red-hot contents of the crucible into
cold oil, or cold water, on the top of which rests a thick layer of oil, the object
of the latter being to coat the red-hot particles of iron with oil before they reach
the water, which latter would otherwise reoxidise the finely divided iron.
The metallic ironsand is then mixed with a binding material, such as vul-
canised rubber and in a mould under heat and pressure formed into the shape
of a wheel, which is of great hardness and serves for most purposes for which
the much more expensive emery wheels are now used.
Dated this Fourth day of January 1898.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of a Substitute for Emery Wheels.
I, CHARLES MARIA PIELSTICKER, of "Kingsmead," Wembley, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
Formerly I mixed the purified New Zealand ironsand with a binding material
and formed the mixture in a mould under pressure and heat into a wheel, in a
[Price 8d.1

page_text: similar manner as ground emery is formed into wheels for abrasive and polishing
purposes.
It was found that whereas such wheels for many purposes were very useful
and worked well, yet for others they were not sufficiently hard and wore down
too rapidly. My present improvement has for its object to remove this defect
and to render the wheels a great deal harder and more durable.
For this purpose, I place the ironsand, after the removal of any silica, or any
other extraneous matter, into a crucible, together with a quantity of pulverized
carbonaceous matter, say forty per cent. by weight of the ironsand, which is
sufficient to reduce the latter to the metallic state and produce an endproduct
of the nature of steel in a state of fine division, with five per cent. (or even more)
of carbon.
I may add to this metallic ironsand and carbon in the crucible, at the same
time when I heat the contents of the same in the ordinary way for say ten hours
in a crucible furnace to redness, a substance yielding phosphorous to the iron,
say boneash, in the proportion of say three per cent. of the weight of the iron,
which has the tendency of rendering the iron much harder.
After covering the crucible and heating the same for say ten hours to red-
ness, which is sufficient to reduce all the oxide of iron to the metallic state, I
empty the redhot contents of the crucible into a cold oil, or cold water on the
top of which rests a thick layer of oil, the object of the latter being to coat the
red hot particles of iron with oil before they reach the water, which latter would
otherwise reoxidise the finely divided iron. The metallic ironsand is then mixed
with a binding material, (such as vulcanised india rubber, or chloride of calciuni
and silicate of soda) in exactly the same manner as emery sand is treated, and in.
a mould formed into the shape of a wheel or disc, which is of great hardness,
and serves for most purposes for which the much more expensive emery wheels
are now used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
-
In the manufacture of a substitute for emery wheels, heating the purified
ironsand in the presence of carbon to redness, immersing the redhot reduced
ironsand into a cold liquid, and then forming the reduced ironsand into the
shape of wheels, substantially as hereinbefore described.
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