Improvements relating to the Manufacture of Brushes and to Machines therefor.
Year: 1891

page_text: The decision of the Comptroller-General, of the 9th day of June 1894,
allowed, under Section 18 of the Patents, &c. Act, 1883, an Amendment of
this Specification.
Date of Application, 11th Mar., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 11th Dec., 1891-Accepted, 27th Feb., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by ALESSANDRO FLEMATTI, of Milan, in the
Kingdom of Italy, Brush Maker.]
Improvements relating to the Manufacture of Brushes and to
Machines therefor.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
45 Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates in the first place to a method of fixing the bunches or
tufts in the wood, horn, ivory, bone or other material constituting the back or body
of brushes of any kind.
According to the said method the tufts are fixed in the back by means of a small
piece of wire of suitable diameter cut to the desired length, so that when folding
the same upon itself to a U-shaped hook it will embrace a tuft and be inserted with
its bevelled points into the back of the brush.
This method of fixing the tufts and the means for carrying the same into effect
are illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings, which are two
sections taken at a right angle to each other through the back of a brush which is
being provided with the tufts.
In Figure 2 a designates a hole previously pierced in the back of the brush by
means of a drilling machine and not provided with a tuft, b a hole which the inserting
apparatus is about to provide with a tuft, and c a hole which has been provided with
a tuft. At 6 (Figure 1) section taken through the axis of the needle d is shown the
needle forming part of the inserting apparatus which is on the point of forcing in
the hook e. The needle d as shown, passes through the centre of the tuft f curved
at half its length and folded upon itself. It is represented in section whilst the
bristles composing it which are in line on both sides of the hook e from the bottom
of the hole to the exterior are concealed by the needle d. In Figure 2 repre-
senting the same bole b the bristles of the tuft fare shown folded double upon
themselves around the hook e and the needle passing to the interior of the tuft
for forcing the hook e into the back and fixing it. At c (Figure 2) the operation
being completed the tuft of bristles placed upon the hook e fills up the hole and
emerges to the exterior where it widens out.
Moreover the invention comprises means by which the fixing of the tufts by
the said U-shaped hook is effected, and a machine for the manufacture of the
brushes the method of fixing and the needle herein before referred to are used.
Figures 3 and 4 represent two elevations of the machine at a right angle to each
other. Figure 3 is a rear elevation of the machine (showing the side opposite to
that where the attendant stands), and Figure 4 is a side elevation of the same.
Figures 5 to 8 are plans of the machine in diagram the object of which is to
show the various positions which the essential parts of the machine assume

page_text: the folder (Figures to 8 and the detail figures anu
wire, and
(b) the needle d (Figures 1 and 2 and Figures 5 to 8).
7. The buffer M (Figures 4 to 8).
TOJ LOT
CUC
The general mode of operation of the machine is as follows:-The attendant is
before the table of the machine holding in his hand the back of the brush which
has previously been pierced with holes and is to be provided with tufts. The
machine, set in motion either by a pedal or by a transmitting shaft removes from
the reservoir D containing the bristles a tuft of the desired thickness. This tuft
passes through two channels N and O (Figures 4 to 8) arranged at a right angle
to each other and pierced in the table of the machine, and arrives at the axis of
the inserting device K. At the same time from the reel B on the right hand side of
the attendant is wound the wire which passes through the transporting and cutting
apparatus C. The small piece which is cut from the wire passes into the inserting
device K where under the action of the folder L it is transformed into a U-shaped
hook. This hook is guided by the needle d along the axis of the inserting device
just behind the tuft and with its points turned towards the exterior orifice of the
said inserting device.
from
The tuft and the hook being arranged in this manner the attendant places the
back so that the hole to be provided with a tuft is at a suitable angle and corre-
sponds with the orifice of the inserting device K (see Figures 1 and 2). The
buffer M then advances until its front plate g, which may be at a suitable
inclination, bears against the back of the brush (Figure 8). The contact of the
plate g, corrects the inclination of the back of the brush and prevents
passing back until the fixing of the tuft has been terminated. During this time the.
needle d advances along the axis of the inserting device K; it first encounters
the hook and pushes the same before it; the hook in its turn presses against the
tuft carries it away while folding it upon itself towards the exterior orifice of the
inserting device and continues to move in the same direction until it has encountered
the bottom of the hole in the back of the brush which is opposite. From this
follows that the needle d exerts a pressure upon the curved part of the hook, and
as the buffer prevents the back of the brush from moving back the two points

page_text: of the hook are forced into the material of the back so that the curt
secured.
18 y
The separation of the tuft, the formation of the hook, the encounter and the
fixing of the same in the back take place in a very short space of time. Scarcely
has the operation been completed when the needle d passes to the rear again; a
fresh tuft is immediately separated, a wire advances from the other side, another
hook is soon supplied, and under the action of the needle d another tuft is driven
into the back of the brush which the attendant has meanwhile drawn back, for
presenting before the inserting device the succeeding hole to be provided with
a tuft.
I will now describe the essential parts of the machine, and follow the several
positions which they occupy during the successive phases of the work.
The bristles are arranged vertically in the reservoir D; as they are naturally of
varying length according to circumstances, and as moreover the action of the
different operating parts of the machine must take place so as to correspond with
half the length of the fibres, the reservoir D is provided with a movable bottom
which enables the fibres to be moved to the desired height. The vertical displace-
ment of the above-mentioned movable bottom is effected through the medium of a
small hand wheel 1 (Figures 3 and 4) provided at its periphery with ratchet teeth,
apon which acts a pawl 2 (Figures 3 and 4) enabling the ratchet wheel to be fixed
in any determined position. The shaft of the ratchet wheel acts upon a rack 3
(Figure 4) attached to the bottom of the reservoir D, and having a vertical move-
ment imparted to it in the rotation of the hand wheel 1. Upon the reservoir D
is placed a lid ordinarily formed by a glass plate which is hinged at one of its
extremities. The cover must bear directly upon the upper extremity of the fibres,
it is pivoted to the upper extremity of a vertical rack the displacement of which
is obtained by means of the small hand wheel 4 (Figure 4).
All the bristles contained in the reservoir D are placed between the two large
pincers E connected with each other by means of a spring applied at h h', so that
the branches of the pincers approach each other as the bristles contained in the
reservoir D are used. Whilst the pincers E receive a longitudinal to-and-fro
movement, as will be seen on inspection of Figures 5 to 8, the comb F receives a
transverse alternating movement. This comb has only one or two series of teeth
below or between which can be introduced the front branch of the large pincers E
when the pincers arrive at the front extremity of their movement, as shown in
Figures 5, 7 and 8. In this position the pincers E press the bristles against the
comb so that the teeth of the latter pass into the interior of the mass of bristles.
When the comb is shifted to the right hand side it carries with it the bristles
which have passed between its teeth. By the movement of the comb to the right
hand side, which moveinent can be regulated by means of a screw, a portion of the
fibres is pushed towards the empty space which is at the extremity of the channel N
where the formation of the tuft is to take place, which is obtained by means of the
separator G. This part, to which also longitudinal alternating movement is
imparted, (its movement to the positions shown in Figures 5, 6, 7 corresponding
with that of the pincers E, by means of the rocking lever P,) terminates in front
in a sharp point which as it advances between the bristles, separates from the
others those which are on the right hand side of the last tooth of the comb.
The separator G carries with it in its movement the pusher H which terminates
in an obtuse face, which at the rear limits the tuft bearing in front against the
back of the comb, on the left hand side against the extreme tooth on the right of
the same comb, and on the right hand side against the side of the reservoir at the
commencement of the channel N. Then all the essential parts of the machine
The same
occupy the position shown in Figure 5, in which the tuft arrives at m.
figure shows that the comb F is at this moment at the right hand extremity of its
movement, whilst the pincers E have also arrived at the extremity of their move-
ment to the front. The flap I is closed behind the comb. The translator J, which
consists of two oscillating levers, designed to receive the tuft in the middle,

page_text: occupies a symmetric position around the longitudinal axis of the inserting
device K, the piece of cut wire n designed to form the hook is about to enter
the lateral channel of the inserting device, the part L is moved to the rear and the
central channel of the inserting device is occupied by the needle d the extremity
of which has nearly reached the exterior orifice of the inserting device.
In Figures 5 to 8 the pivot at the end of the lever for actuating the needle dis
represented in diagram at i.
Passing from the position of Figure 5 to that of Figure 6 there is nothing to
observe on the subject of the folding apparatus and transporter for the wire. The
pincers E are moved to the rear, the comb F is shifted to the left side the
separator G and pusher H have moved forward, opening the flap I retained by a
spring, and moving before them the tuft which has passed to the extremity of
the channel N. The transporter J has at the same time shifted to the left hand
side so that the two branches of which it is composed are in the position shown in
Figure 6 just opposite the channel N and therefore ready to seize the tuft in the
space between them. The needle d has in the meantime been moved a little
rearwards.
In the succeeding phase the operating parts occupy the position shown in
Figure 7. The pincers E have returned to the front the separator G and the
pusher H have been moved to the rear, enabling the flap I to close behind them;
the translator J introduces the tuft m into the inserting device K folding it
double upon itself, and carries it in the direction of the axis of the central
channel of the above-mentioned inserting device. At the same time the needle
has moved back so as to permit the introduction into the channel, pierced along
the axis of the inserting device K the piece of cut wire n designed to form the
hook. The arrangement is such that at the same time a small rod o presents
itself in the central channel of the inserting device just in front of the wire
designed to form the hook. The small plates t t of the folder L then advance and
cause the two halves of the wire to adhere to the rod o bending it to the U-shape.
The position shown in Figure 8 corresponds to the last phase. The comb F has
advanced to the right-hand side and the separator G has moved forwards, com-
pressing the bristles held by the pincers E so as to prepare them for the succeeding
operation in which the parts return to the position indicated in Figure 5.
translator J has shifted to the left hand side, the rod o leaves free the central
channel of the inserting device in which the needle d advances pushing before it
the hook which has just been formed and whose points are turned to the front,
and the tuft which being seized by the hook at its middle point, is moved into
the central channel and bent double, the extremities of the fibres turned rear-
wards in the same direction in which it must be inserted into the back of the
brush. In the meantime the buffer M has advanced towards the inserting
device, the brush to be provided with tufts has been placed in position, and
the needle d, still advancing reaches with the hook and tuft the bottom of the
hole. The introduction of the tuft having terminated the various parts are caused
to pass back to the position shown in Figure 5 and are ready to recommence the
first phase.
The
Figures 11 to 13 show respectively in front elevation, part side elevation and
section on the line X-X', Y-Y¹ and in horizontal section the arrangement of
the apparatus for cutting the wire. The latter passes through a channel formed
by the two halves p and q terminating each in an inclined plane p¹ q' which corre-
spond to each other. The part p is carried by the upright P' fixed to the table of
the machine; the part 9 is arranged in the upright receiving an alternating
vertical movement through the medium of levers 14 represented in the drawing.
The forward movement of the wire takes place when p is in the prolongation of q²;
the wire is cut along the inclined plane p' q' when the oscillating motion of the
part causes q to slide upon p.
Figure 10 represents a plan of the inserting device showing the interior (for
constructive reasons it is made of two halves), the cap being supposed to have been

page_text: removed. Figure 9 is a vertical section of the inserting device taken on the
line T U V W Z Z'. denotes the channel through which the tuft is introduced.
It will be readily seen how the form of the upper and lower funnels r¹ and " of
this channel enables the tuft to pass in the vertical position to the centre of the
inserting device, and how, being carried away by the hook of the wire which
seizes it at half its length and transports it to the channel Q' it is folded upon
itself, the ends of the bristles of which it is composed being turned rearwards.
The channels serves in its turn for the introduction of the piece of cut wire.
The essential part of the folder consists of two small plates t t, arranged in
corresponding cavities of the inserting device. As they advance these plates t,
receiving a horizontal alternating movement from the forked lever R, bend the
wire around the rod o and form the hook. But when the hook has been formed
the rod o must leave the central channel of the inserting device free for the passage
of the needle d. For this purpose the two branches of the forked lever R
terminate above in an inclined plane which in its oscillation strikes against the
lower part of the tongue S adapted to turn in the upper half of the inserting
device. S is bent until it embraces the lower extremity of the rod o; consequently
when R advances to the left hand side (Figure 9) it causes S to turn upwards,
carrying with it in this movement the rod o which by overcoming the resistance of
the spring u rises the distance necessary for allowing the passage of the needle d
in the central channel. When R passes back again, the rod o under the action of
the spring u falls back to the position shown in Figure 9.
Figure 4 shows the manner in which the plate g can be inclined to the vertical
plane by means of the sector 5 and pawl 6.
It remains to describe the transmitting parts by means of which the several
operative parts of the machine are caused to occupy in succession the positions
represented in Figures 5 to 8. But these parts do not in themselves present any
essentially new feature and can be replaced by any other equivalent arrangements.
7 designates the driving shaft receiving movement from the pulley 8, a pedal
mechanism (9), (10), (11), (12) serving to cause the engagement and disengagement
of a friction clutch adapted to act as a brake upon the driving pulley.
(9), (10), (11) designate the levers for actuating the double translator J for
the tuft.
(12) and (13) denote levers for actuating the apparatus for transporting the
wire, (12) causes the forward movement of the pincers which move the wire
forward. (13) effects the alternative closing and opening of the branches of the
pincers the whole being similar to well known arrangements for causing the
rectilineal forward movement of a continuous wire, interrupted by periods of
repose.
14 designates the lever for operating the part Q in the apparatus for cutting the
wire (Figures 11 and 12). The lever 15 causes the oscillation of the comb F, and
the lever 16 that of the front branch of the large pincers E in a direction which
is perpendicular to that of the comb. The forked extremities of the lever R
effect the displacement of the plates t (Figures 9 and 10). The lever 17 causes
the advance of the needle d and through the medium of the rod 18 and lever 19
also transmits motion to the buffer M. The separator G and the pusher H are
retained by springs near the rear extremity of their movement, the forward move-
ment of H takes place at the moment when the return motion of the lever 17 is
effected by means of the engaging device 20 and 21, which remains inactive when
17 advances. The forward movement of G takes place partly under the action
of the rocking lever P and partly under the action of a pin (not shown in the
drawing) provided upon the lever 17, which enters a notch formed below G and
compelling this part to follow the advancing movement of the needle d after
intervals of repose in which the pin does not come in contact with the side of the
above mentioned notch.
The eccentric and cams for operating the levers are also represented in Figures 3
and 4.
The movements of the principal parts of the machine can be adjusted

page_text: by screws, and these parts are subjected to the action of springs for obviating
-shocka.
Dated this 11th day of March 1891.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED).
Improvements relating to the Manufacture of Brushes and to
Machines therefor.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co., Patent
Agents, 45 Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to the manufacture of brushes and to machines therefor.
The said invention comprises in the first place a method of fixing the bunches
or tufts of hair in the wood, horn, ivory, boue or other material constituting the
back or body of brushes of any kind.
According to the said method the tufts are fixed in the back by means of a small
piece of wire of suitable diameter, cut to the desired length, so that when folding
the same upon itself to a U-shaped hook it will embrace a tuit and be inserted
with its bevelled points into the back of the brush.
This method of fixing the tufts and the means for carrying the same into effect
are illustrated in the drawing left with my Provisional Specification in which:
Figures 1 and 2 represent sections taken at a right angle to each other through
the back of a brush which is constructed according to my invention.
Figure 3 is a rear elevation of the machine, and
Figure 4 a side elevation of the same.
Figures 5 to 8 show plans of the machine in diagram showing the relative position
of the various parts, and
Figures 9 to 13 represent various details of the machine hereinafter referred to.
In Figure 2, a designates a hole previously pierced in the back of the brush by
means of a drilling machine and not provided with a tuft, b is a hole which the
inserting apparatus is about to provide with a tuft, and c a hole which has been
provided with a tuft. At 6 Figure 1 (which is a section taken through the axis
of the needle or push rod d) is shown the needle forming part of the inserting
apparatus which is on the point of forcing in the hook e. The needle or push
rod d, as shown, passes through the centre of the tuft curved at half its length
and folded upon itself. It is represented in section whilst the bristles composing
it which are in line on both sides of the hook e from the bottom of the hole to the
exterior are concealed by the needle d. In Figure 2 representing the same hole b
the bristles of the tuft fare shown folded or doubled upon themselves around the
hook e, and the needle passing to the interior of the tuft for forcing the hook e into
the back and fixing it. At (Figure 2), the operation being completed, the tuft
of bristles placed upon the hook e fills up the hole and emerges to the exterior
where it widens out.
Moreover the invention comprises an arrangement of machine by means of which
the manufacture of the brushes is effected, use being made in such manufacture of
the mode of fixing and the needle or push rod hereinbefore referred to.
Figures 3 and 4 represent two elevations of the machine at a right angle to each
other. Figure 3 is a rear elevation of the machine (showing the side opposite to
that where the attendant stands), and Figure 4 is a side elevation of the same.
Figures 5 to 8 are plans of the machine in diagram the object of which is to
ohow the various positions which the essential parts of the machine assume

page_text: parts are omitted which serve only for the transmission, imparting movement to
the essential and characteristic parts of the machine. The proportions of the
several parts have been slightly altered for the purpose of showing more clearly
the function of the essential operating parts. Figures 3 and 4 on the contrary
are complete and include also the transmitting parts; they are shown strictly to
scale.
Figures 9 to 13 represent details hereinafter referred to.
The principal parts of the machine are as follows:-
I. The frame A (Figures 3 and 4) and the transmitting parts (consisting of
shafts, pulleys, eccentrics, cams and levers) arranged below the table of the
machine.
II. The reel B (Figures 3 and 4) from which the continuous wire serving for the
formation of the U-shaped hooks after the cutting and folding is automatically
wound.
III. The apparatus C (Figures 5 to 8) for transporting and cutting the wire.
IV. The reservoir D (Figures 5 to 8) for the bristles or fibres of any kind.
V. The apparatus for transporting the bristles (Figures 5 to 8) which comprises
the large pincers E; the comb F; the separator G; the pusher H; the flap I and
the double translator J. J.
VI. The inserting device K (Figures 4 to 8 see also the detail Figures 9 and 10)
in which is arranged the folder L (Figures 5 to 8, and the detail Figures 9.
and 10) for the wire, and the needle d (Figures 1 and 2 and Figures 5 to 8).
VII. The buffer M (Figures 4 to 8)..
The general mode of operation of the machine is as follows: The attendant
stands before the table of the machine holding in his hand the back of the brush
which has previously been pierced with holes and is to be provided with tufts.
The machine is set in motion either by a pedal or by a transmitting shaft, removes
from the reservoir D containing the bristles a tuft of the desired thickness, this
tuft passes through two channels N and O (Figures 4 to 8) arranged at a right
angle to each other and pierced in the table of the machine, and arrives at the axis
of the inserting device K. At the same time from the reel B on the right hand
side of the attendant is wound the wire which passes through the transporting and
cutting apparatus C. The small piece which is cut from the wire passes into the
inserting device K where, under the action of the folder it is transformed into
a Ushaped hook. This hook is guided by the needle d along the axis of the
inserting device just behind the tuft and with its points turned towards the exterior
orifice of the said inserting device.
The tuft and the hook being arranged in this manner the attendant places the
back so that the hole to be provided with a tuft, is at a suitable angle and
corresponds with the orifice of the inserting device K (see Figures 1 and 2), the
buffer M then advances until its front plate g, which may be at a suitable inclin.-
tion, bears against the back of the brush (Figure 8). The contact of the plate y,
corrects the inclination of the back of the brush and prevents it from passing back
until the fixing of the tuft has been terminated. During the time the needle d
advances along the axis of the inserting device K; it first encounters the hook
and pushes the same before it; the hook in its turn presses against the tuft, carries
it away while folding it upon itself towards the exterior orifice of the inserting
device and continues to move in the same direction until it has encountered the
bottom of the hole in the back of the brush which is opposite. From this follows
that the needle d exerts a pressure upon the curved part of the hook, and as the
buffer prevents the back of the brush from moving back the two points of the hook
are forced into the material of the back so that the tuft is firmly secured.
The separation of the tuft, the formation of the hook, the arranging and the
fixing of the same in the back take place in a very short space of time. Imme-
diately the operation has been completed the needle d passes to the rear again; a
fresh tuft is then separated, a wire advances from the other side, another hook is

page_text: soon supplied, and under the action of the needle d another tuft is driven into the
back of the brush which the attendant has meanwhile drawn back, for presenting
before the inserting device the succeeding hole to be provided with a tuft.
I will now describe the essential parts of the machine and follow the several
positions which they occupy during the successive phases of the work.
The bristles are arranged vertically in the reservoir D; as they are naturally of
varying length according to circumstances, and as moreover the action of the
different operating parts of the machine must take place so as to correspond with
half the length of the fibres the reservoir D is provided with a movable bottom
which enables the fibres to be moved to the desired height. The vertical displace-
ment of the above-mentioned movable bottom is effected through the medium of a
small hand wheel 1 (Figures 3 and 4) provided at its periphery with ratchet teeth,
upon which acts a pawl 2 (Figures 3 and 4) enabling the ratchet wheel to be fixed
in any determined position. The shaft of the ratchet wheel acts upon a rack 3
(Figure 4) attached to the bottom of the reservoir D, and having a vertical move-
ment imparted to it in the rotation of the hand wheel 1. Upon the reservoir D is
placed a lid ordinarily formed by a glass plate which is hinged at one of its
extremities. The cover must bear directly upon the upper extremity of the fibres,
it is pivoted to the upper extremity of a vertical rack the displacement of which
is obtained by means of the small hand wheel 4 (Figure 4).
All the bristles contained in the reservoir D are placed between the two large
pincers E connected with each other by means of a spring applied at h, h¹ so that
their branches approach each other in proportion as the bristles contained in the
reservoir D are used. Whilst the pincers E receive a longitudinal to-and-fro
movement, as will be seen from Figures 5 to 8, the comb F receives a transverse
alternating movement. This comb has only one or two series of teeth, below or
between which can be introduced the front branch of the large pincers E when the
pincers arrive at the front extremity of their movement as shown in Figures 5, 7
and 8. In this position the pincers E press the bristles against the comb so
that the teeth of the latter pass into the interior of the mass of bristles. When
the comb is shifted to the right hand side it carries with it the bristles which have
passed between its teeth. By the movement of the comb to the right hand side,
which movement can be regulated by means of a screw, a portion of the fibres is
pushed towards the empty space which is at the extremity of the channel N where
the formation of the tuft is to take place, which is obtained by means of the
separator G.
This part, to which also a longitudinal alternating movement is
imparted, (its movement to the positions shown in Figures 5, 6, 7 corresponding
with that of the pincers E, by means of the rocking lever P) terminates in front in
a sharp point which as it advances between the bristles, separates from the others
those which are on the right hand side of the last tooth of the comb.
The separator G carries with it in its movement the pusher H, which terminates
in an obtuse face, which at the rear limits the tuft bearing in front against the
back of the comb, on the left hand side against the extreme tooth on the right of
the same comb, and on the right hand side against the side of the reservoir at the
commencement of the channel N. All the essential parts of the machine then
occupy the position shown in Figure 5, in which the tuft is situated at m. The
same figure shows that the comb F is at this moment at the right hand extremity
of its movement, whilst the pincers E have also arrived at the extremity of their
movement to the front. The flap I is closed behind the comb. The translator J,
which consists of two oscillating levers, designed to receive the tuft in the middle,
occupies a symmetric position around the longitudinal axis of the inserting device K,
the piece of cut wire n designed to form the hook is about to enter the lateral
channel of the inserting device; the part L is moved to the rear and the central
channel of the inserting device is occupied by the needle d the extremity of which
has nearly reached the exterior orifice of the inserting device.
In Figures 5 to 8 the pivot at the end of the lever for actuating the needle dis
represented in diagram at i.

page_text: Passing from the position of Figure 5 to that of Figure 6 there is nothing to
observe on the subject of the folding apparatus and transporter for the wire. The
pincers E are moved to the rear, the comb F is shifted to the left hand side, the
separator G and pusher H have moved forward, opening the flap I retained by a
spring, and moving before them the tuft m which has passed to the extremity of
the channel N. The transporter J has at the same time shifted to the left hand
side so that the two branches of which it is composed are in the position shown in
Figure 6 just opposite the channel N and therefore ready to seize the tuft
in the space between them. The needle d has in the meantime been moved a little
rearwards.
In the succeeding phase the operating parts occupy the position shown in Figure 7.
The pincers E have returned to the front; the separator G and the pusher H have
been moved to the rear, enabling the flap I to close behind them; the translator J
introduces the tuft m into the inserting device K folding it double upon itself,
and carries it in the direction of the axis of the central channel of the above-
mentioned inserting device. At the same time the needle has moved back so as to
permit the introduction into the channel, pierced along the axis of the inserting
device K, the piece of cut wire a designed to form the hook. The arrangement is
such that at the same time a small rod o, presents itself in the central channel of
the inserting device just in front of the wire designed to form the hook. The small
plates t t of the folder L then advance and cause the two halves of the wire to adhere
to the rod o bending it to the U-shape.
The
The position shown in Figure 8 corresponds to the last phase. The comb F has
advanced to the right hand side and the separator G has moved forwards, com-
pressing the bristles held by the pincers E so as to prepare them for the succeeding
operation in which the parts return to the position indicated in Figure 5.
translator J has shifted to the left hand side, the rod o leaves free the central
channel of the inserting device in which the needle d advances pushing before it
the hook which has just been formed and whose points are turned to the front,
and the tuft which being seized by the hook at its middle point, is moved into the
central channel and bent double, the extremities of the fibres turned rearwards in
In the
the same direction in which it must be inserted into the back of the brush.
meantime the buffer M has advanced towards the inserting device the brush to be
provided with tufts has been placed in position, and the needle d still advancing,
reaches with the hook and tuft the bottom of the hole. The introduction of the
tuft having terminated the various parts are caused to pass back to the position
shown in Figure 5 and are ready to recommence the first phase.
Figures 11 to 13 show respectively in front elevation, side elevation on the
line X X, Y Y' and in horizontal section, the arrangement of the apparatus for
cutting the wire. The latter passes through a channel formed by the two halves p
and 9 terminating each in an inclined plane p' q' which correspond to each other.
The part p is carried by the upright P¹ fixed to the table of the machine; the
part q is arranged in the upright Q receiving an alternating vertical movement
through the medium of levers 14 represented in the drawing. The forward move-
ment of the wire takes place when p is in the prolongation of q'; the wire is cut
along the inclined plane p' q' when the oscillating motion of the part Q causes q to
slide upon p.
Figure 10 represents a plan of the inserting device showing the interior (for
constructive reasons it is made of two halves) the cap being supposed to have been
removed.
W Z Z¹.
Figure 9 is a vertical section of the inserting device taken on the line T U V
It will be
* denotes the channel through which the tuft is introduced.
readily seen how the form of the upper and lower funnels and of this channel
enables the tuft to pass in the vertical position to the centre of the inserting device
and how being carried away by the hook of the wire which seizes it at half its
length and transports it to the channel Q', it is folded upon itself, the ends of the
B
'

page_text: bristles of which it is composed being turned rearwards.
its turn for the introduction of the piece of cut wire.
The channel serves in
The essential part of the folder consists of two small plates t t, arranged in corre-
sponding cavities of the inserting device. As they advance these plates t, receiving
a horizontal alternating movement from the forked lever R, bend the wire around
the rod o and form the hook. But when the hook has been formed the rod o must
leave the central channel of the inserting device free for the passage of the needle d.
For this purpose the two branches of the forked lever R terminate above in an
inclined plane which in its oscillation strikes against the lower part of the tongue S
adapted to turn in the upper half of the inserting device. S is bent until it
embraces the lower extremity of the rod o; consequently when R advances to the
left hand side (Figure 9) it causes S to turn upwards, carrying with it in this
movement the rod o which by overcoming the resistance of the spring u rises the
distance necessary for allowing the passage of the needle d in the central channel.
When R passes back again the rod o under the action of the spring u falls back to
the position shown in Figure 9.
Figure 4 shows the manner in which the plate g can be inclined to the vertical
plane by means of the sector 5 and pawl 6.
It remains to describe the transmitting parts by means of which the several
operative parts of the machine are caused to occupy in succession the positions
represented in Figures 5 to 8. But these parts do not in themselves present
any essentially new feature and can be replaced by any other equivalent
arrangements.
7 designates the driving shaft receiving movement from the pulley 8, a pedal
mechanism 9, 10, 11, 12 serving to cause the engagement and disengagement of a
friction clutch adapted to act as a brake upon the driving pulley.
9°, 10°, 11° designate the levers actuating the double translator J for the tuft.
12 and 13 denote levers for actuating the apparatus for transporting the wire,
12 causes the forward movement of the pincers which move the wire forward.
13 effects the alternative closing and opening of the branches of the pincers; the
whole being similar to well-known arrangements for causing the rectilineal forward
movement of a continuous wire, interrupted by periods of repose.
14 designates the lever for operating the part Q in the apparatus for cutting the
wire (Figures 11 and 12). The lever 15 causes the oscillation of the comb F, and
the lever 16 that of the front branch of the large pincers E in a direction which
is perpendicular to that of the comb. The forked extremities of the lever R effect
the displacement of the plates t (Figures 9 and 10). The lever 17 causes the
advance of the needle d and through the medium of the rod 18 and lever 19 also
transmits motion to the buffer M. The separator G and the pusher H are retained
by springs near the rear extremity of their movement; the forward movement of H
takes place at the moment when the return motion of the lever 17 is effected by
means of the engaging device 20 and 21, which remains inactive when 17 advances.
The forward movement of G takes place partly under the action of the rocking
lever P and partly under the action of a pin (not shown in the drawing) provided
upon the lever 17 which enters a notch formed below G and compelling this part
to follow the advancing movement of the needle d after intervals of repose in
which the pin does not come in contact with the side of the above mentioned
notch.
The eccentric and cams for operating the levers are also represented in Figures 3
and 4. The movements of the principal parts of the machine can be adjusted
by screws, and these parts are subjected to the action of springs for obviating
Bhocks.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent, I declare that I do not lay claim to the matters
claimed in the first claim generally but only in such cases as the folder (L) is of the

page_text: special form and arrangement shewn, that is to say, consisting of the plates t, t, forked
lever K, rod o, tongue S and spring n inserted in the insertor tube and operating so as
to fold the staples behind the tufts in the direct line of action of the plunger d, but subject
thereto what I claim is :-
First. The method of manufacturing brushes which consists in conveying bunches
formed of bristles or fibres into the longitudinal channel of an inserting device (K),
into which is conducted, at the same time, a piece of wire of a suitable length.
cut for each bunch in order to be bent to form a U-shaped clamp by means
of a folder (L) arranged on the inserting device, which clamp, when moved forward
by a pusher into the longitudinal channel of the inserting device, seizes the bunch
in the middle, bends it and forces it into the hole in the back of the brush which
hole is presented in front of the inserting device, the points of the clamp shanks
being driven into the hole in the back of the brush.
Second. A machine for the manufacture of brushes as above described in which,
by means of a pusher (E), the bristles for forming a bunch are moved forward
into a receptacle, delivered to a comb (F) and by means of a separator (G) formed
into a bunch which is conducted through channels into the longitudinal channel of
an inserting device (K) in which by means of a folder (L), a wire clamp is formed
which is moved forward through the medium of a pusher (d) together with the
bunch seized in its middle in the longitudinal channel of the inserting device into
a hole in the brush back to be placed in the head plate (9) of the buffer M for
fixing the same at the bottom of the hole.
Third. In the above described machine for fixing brush bunches by means of
wire clamps the device for moving the comb (F), consisting of a lever (15) actuated
by the driving shaft (7) through the medium of a cam disc, and the lever (16).
moving the front shank of the pusher (E) in a direction perpendicular to that of
the comb, further the forked lever (R) serving for the displacement of the folder (L),
and the lever (17) moving the pusher (d) and transmitting the motion by means of
a rod (18) and lever (19) to the buffer M.
Fourth. In a brush making machine the levers (24, 25) causing the forward
movement of the pusher (H); and the lever (P) causing the forward movement of
the separator (G); and the pin on the lever (17), which engages with a groove
below the separator and enables the separator to follow the forward movement of
the pusher (H); the device (C) for actuating the translator (J), with the
lever (11) operated by a cam disc on the driving shaft (7), the rod (10) and the
lever (9).
Dated this 11th day of December 1891.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.