An Improved Filtering and Lixiviating Press.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 25th May, 1887.
Specification Accepted, 15th July, 1887.
An Improved Filtering and Lixiviating Press.
I CARL ANTON KOELLNER, Manufacturer, of Neumühlen near Kiel in the
Kingdom of Prussia and German Empire do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The present Filtering and Lixiviating Press is intended to serve principally for
experimental purposes, as well as for the filtration and lixiviation of small quantities
of fluids.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through the filtering and lixiviating press, in which
the receptacle E for holding the filtering bed is secured by means of a bolt, and the
filtering bed is compressed by a spring w.
Fig. 2 is a cross section of a modification shewing a receptacle E', which is screwed
to the pressing cylinder, the end of which bears upon and compresses the filter bed.
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of a filter press in which a receptacle E' is adapted
below, but to the side of the cylinder, and in which the fluid percolates the filter from
below upwards.
As will be seen from the Drawing, the filtering and lixiviating press consists of a
vertical pump cylinder B, with piston C; the bracket shaped supply cistern or
hopper D, arranged on one side of the cylinder B, with the valve v opening inwards
to the interior of the cylinder; and the inverted cap piece or receptacle E serving
to hold the filtering bed, the receptacle E being arranged to fit onto the lower part of
the cylinder.
To attach together the receptacle and the cylinder, a swinging stirrups is employed,
which stirrup is pivotted to the cylinder, and is provided with a screw to bear
against the bottom of the receptacle; or the receptacle may be provided with an inner

page_text: screw thread, and the cylinder B with an outer one, as shewn in Fig. 2 of the
Drawing, so that the receptacle may be screwed direct onto the cylinder.
The projection m (Figs. 1 and 3) upon the cylinder,-as also the nut or washer m¹
(Fig. 2), will serve to prevent the further progress of the receptacle E, and cause a
close locking between it and the cylinder.
The receptacles E and E' are intended to be employed chiefly for the lixiviation of
fluids, as in these cases, the fluid is forced from above downwards through the filter
bed, and can then run off completely.-On the other hand, the receptacle E³ (Fig. 3),
in which the fluid is pressed upwards from below through the filtering bed, is intended
for the purification or cleansing of fluids.
The filtering material is placed in the receptacle between two perforated iron plates,
and will be held down and compressed either by means of a spring to (Fig. 1), or by
the lower edge of the cylinder B (Fig. 2), or by pressure screws (Fig. 3).
The pump cylinder B is secured either to a wall or to a post, or upon a portable
frame 0, in such a manner, that its lower end will hang free, in order that the filtering
receptacle may be easily screwed on and off.
The fluid to be either filtered or lixiviated is placed in the cistern or hopper D,
provided with a valve, and it runs therefrom automatically into the filtering space or
receptacle. By the continued up and down movement of the pump cistern C, the
fluid, so long as it fills the hollow space of the cylinder and of the filtering receptacle,
will be forced directly, by means of the piston, through the filtering bed contained in
the receptacle below the cylinder, and the filtered portion will run off through the
cock t (Figs. 1 and 2), and into a pan p.
If there is such a small quantity of fluid present, that it does not fill the hollow
space of the cylinder and of the underlying receptacle, it will be forced through the
filter bed by means of air sucked in through the valve v, and thereafter compressed,
whereby the same will be completely expelled from out of the filtering space, and
will run off by the cock t.
The solid residues, which remain in the receptacle E, in Fig. 1, and in the cylinder,
in Fig. 2, in the form of cakes, may be removed so soon as the filtering receptacle
has been unscrewed.
For the lixiviation of solid substances, the filtering bed may be replaced by a
simple filter cloth.
If it is desired to clarify fluids the residues from which are of no value, the
filtration is effected more advantageously when the fluid is forced upwards through the
filter bed from below, and for this case, therefore, the receptacle E (Figs.
and 2)
should be replaced by the receptacle E' (Fig. 3).-The latter is so formed that only a
small quantity of fluid can remain in the same as residue.-The filtered liquid forced
through the filter bed will be run off by the short pipe or nozzle R.-The impurities
which collect underneath the filter bed will be removed from time to time through the
cock i.
With this filter press, therefore, fluids may be filtered either upwards or downwards
by merely changing the filtering receptacle, and in addition to this, in cases where it
is desired to filter various kinds of fluids, a special filtering cap or receptacle, with
specially suitable filtering material, may be fastened onto the pump cylinder for each
particular fluid to be filtered.
"
The arrangement for interchanging several filtering receptacles or
caps" E,
provided with filtering materials, herein described and shown in the accompanying
Drawing as applied to the pump cylinder, can also be applied to a filter in which the
fluid to be filtered is introduced above, and which, like the pump cylinder, hangs free
below and is open underneath.
66
If it be only desired to make use of this filter press for fluids of which the residues
are valueless, such as water, oil &c., and with upward filtration, the filtering receptacle
or cap"
"E (Fig. 3) may be cast in one with the apparatus, instead of being
detachable, in which case, the hopper or supply cistern D, with its valve opening
inwards towards the interior of the cylinder (and if necessary, with the perforated
plate ), will be adapted thereto in like manner as before.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a filter-press pump cylinder, the bracket shaped supply cistern or hopper D,
which is in connection with a valve v opening towards the interior of the cylinder, and
which is so adapted to the cylinder that the fluid supplied to the apparatus can run
towards the filtering space.
2. The pump cylinder B, hanging free, and open beneath, at the lower end of
which is a detachable receptacle or cap, such as E, containing a filtering bed, through
which bed, on the up and down movement of the piston, the fluid may be forced
either upwardly or downwardly according to the construction of the filtering cap or
receptacle.
3. The adaptation of receptacles, such as E, capable of being attached and detached
to a filter in which the fluid is introduced above, and which, as is the case with the
pump cylinder, hangs free below and is open at bottom.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.