IMPROVEMENTS IN INTERNAL STUD STOPPERS FOR AERATED WATER BOTTLES.
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Froggatt and John Ballard, both of the
Town and County of the Town of Nottingham, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN INTERNAL STUD STOPPERS FOR AERATED WATER
BOTTLES.'
"
Sealed the 16th February 1875, and dated the 9th November 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Froggatt and
John Ballard at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 9th November 1874.
We, WILLIAM FROGGATT and JOHN BALLARD, both of the Town and
County of the Town of Nottingham, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN INTERNAL STUD STOPPERS FOR AERATED
WATER BOTTLES," to be as follows:-
We cause studs to be constructed of block tin, glass, porcelain, china
ware, mineral ivory, and mineral spar, and insert each such stud in an
india-rubber washer, the two combined being larger than the orifice to
be closed, but without the washer the stud is small enough to be easily
passed through the neck of the bottle.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Froggatt and John Ballard in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 13th April 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
FROGGATT and JOHN BALLARD, both of the Town and County of the
Town of Nottingham, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said William Froggatt and John Ballard,
Her special licence that we, the said William Froggatt and John
Ballard, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we,
the said William Froggatt and John Ballard, our executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN INTERNAL
STUD STOPPERS FOR AËRATED WATER BOTTLES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said William Froggatt and John Ballard, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Froggatt and John
Ballard, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had to
the accompanying Drawing forming a part of this Specification :—
We cause studs to be constructed of block tin, glass, porcelain, china
ware, mineral ivory, and mineral spar, and insert each such stud in an
india-rubber washer, the two combined being larger than the orifice to

page_text: be closed, but without the washer the stud is small enough to be easily
passed through the neck of the bottle.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
The Drawings shew four varieties of stud and two washers. Figures 1,
2, and 3 represent respectively views of one stud and washer separate in
section, and a side view of the stud and washer combined; Figures 4, 5,
and 6, separate views of a double stud and washer, and the stud and two
washers combined; a third stud and washer is shewn in section at
Figure 7; and a fourth stud and washer in section and plan at Figures 8
and 9.
The studs are formed of block tin, glass, porcelain, china ware, mineral
ivory, and mineral spar of such size that they will readily pass through
the neck of the bottle or other vessel required to be stopped. A stud
being placed therein the workman then inserts the clasping end of a pair
of tongs in the bottle or other vessel, having previously slipped a suitable
washer on the stem of the tongs. He then seizes the stud at one end
with the tongs, and by means of an instrument which slides upon and
partly surrounds the stem or handles of the tongs he drives the washer
on to the shoulder or into the depressed portion of the stud; then un-
clasping the tongs withdraws them, leaving the stud and washer thus
combined larger than the orifice of the neck of the bottle or other vessel
to be closed. The tongs and instruments above named being known in
the trade do not require further description.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Froggatt and John
Ballard, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-
second day of March, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-five.
。 Witness,
H. W. GOUGH, O.E.,
Nottingham.
WILLIAM FROGGATT. (L.S.)
JOHN BALLARD.
(L.S.)