Improvements in, Shuttle-throwing Devices.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd July, 1894-Accepted, 8th Sept., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in, Shuttle-throwing Devices.
I GEORGE SCHWABE, of Biala, near Bielitz, Austrian Silesia, Factory Owner,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
In the various looms now in use, with the exception of the so-called "spring-loom,"
the throw of the shuttle (whether under or over) is operated by the well-known
mechanism wherein the eccentric or cam-projection, mounted on the lay shaft, or
on a separate shaft actuates a pin with a roller and spindle appertaining thereto,
and consequently drives forward the throw-sector secured to it, as well as (by means
of a pawl or clink) the loosely mounted throw-lever, and thereby the picker-shaft,
thus setting the shuttle in motion.
The return of the roller and spindle together with the sector is effected by the
tapering form of the cam-projection or nose. For this purpose a tension-spring
presses the roller firmly to the latter.
In order that the throw-lever (mounted loosely on the throw-shaft) and the
picker-shaft may also be similiarly actuated by the said tapering cam-projection, a
second tension spring, secured to the throw-lever presses the lever closely to the
sector. The power, greater or smaller, exerted by the springs, must be in exact
proportion to the speed or number of revolutions of the loom. The throw-lever
and picking shaft, with the picker, move freely on the band springs, upon the
picker-guide, which springs by their compression and contraction, in combination
with the other springs of the whole apparatus, must be adapted to create such a
resistance as to take up or absorb the force developed by the throw.
These spring-devices do not last long. The resistance of the springs is constantly
diminishing, while the force of the throw increases in the same proportion. The
consequent derangements, and the excessive wear developed in all the parts, as well
as the great and constantly increasing consumption of power, diminish the efficiency
of the loom, especially at high speeds.
The new shuttle-throwing device which is the subject of this invention provides
a complete remedy for all these evils. In lieu of the eccentric or cam-projection
with the necessary tension springs, which by their action obtain a movement
limited in one direction only, is substituted a revolving crank, which by means of
the mechanism appertaining thereto is in constant connection with the throw-sector,
so that all the movements thus generated in the sector, viz, a rapid outward swing
for the stroke, a slow return on the completion of the stroke, and a long period of
complete rest, during which the rise and fall of the pawl or clink is provided for,
are rendered compulsory and unalterable.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of this arrangement ;
Fig. 2 is a front elevation thereof;
Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 illustrate the various principal positions of the same.
The crank d is connected by its crank-pin e and link with the point g, which
latter is at the same time the connecting point of the bent lever hand the
connecting-rod h', so that all circles struck from the point of suspension of the
bent lever as a centre, and from the end of the connecting rod h² as a centre,
respectively, must pass through the centre of the connecting point g (Fig. 5).
The end of the connecting rod h¹ is at the same time the working or actuating
point on the throw-sector which is secured on the throw-shaft o, whereon is also
loosely mounted the throw-lever p which has secured to it at the point o the pawl
or clink r which is directed from the lay actuated lever r¹. The clink r, when

page_text: dropped, encounters the nose or projection cast on the sector 1, and the driver or
projecting tooth (also cast on the sector) engages laterally, (Fig. 4) with
the corresponding tooth p' cast on the throw-lever p, so that the latter and the
sector are firmly engaged together, on the one hand by the two teeth 1 p² and on
the other hand by the clink or pawl r when let fall in front of the nose or projection
of the sector l. From the pin 22 of the throw-lever p the wooden tension bar s
(fitted with a safety-joint or hinge against fracture) is connected with the throw-arm
or picker shaft t having its end so fixed thereon as to be movable vertically; t is
carried on the pin u in such manner as to be capable of turning, and its upper end
is secured to the leather picker v.
From the point m on the throw-sector a tension-bar n is carried to the left side
of the loom.
The action of the crank d, during one revolution, upon the point k of the throw-
sector is as follows ;--
The crank d, rotating in the direction indicated by the arrow (Fig. 2,
commencing position, and Fig. 5) communicates its movement first of all by the
link to the linking centre g, and there develops a reciprocating or to-and-fro
motion.
As, in order to effect the throw, what is required is the forward movement or
thrust of the point 9 during a very small portion of a revolution of the crank d,
i.e. from e¹ to e, in the diagram fig. 5, the link f is made somewhat longer than
the crank-radius, on the one hand, while on the other, the position of the point of
suspension i and the length of the bent lever h are so arranged that the forward
movement of the same at the point g is opposed to that of the rotation of the
crank d, and therefore the crank-point (or dead-point) at the extreme outward
limit of the swing, approaches nearer to the commencing point of the reciprocating
motion.
The quick swing outwards of the connecting point g further generates a
co-operative working of the bent lever h and connecting bar h', which causes an
upward swing of the point k of the throw-sector 1, and thereby produces the
requisite throw-movement or action in the latter.
This action is transmitted from the sector by the clink or pawl r, throw
lever p, and wood-tension bar 8, to the throw-arm or picker-shaft t and picker v by
which the shuttle is thrown.
After the crank d and link fhave brought the connecting point g to its highest
position (Fig. 3) the crank d, as the rotation proceeds, commences a retrograde
movement while still advancing circumferentially; and consequently, after a brief
period of rest, the inward swing of the bent lever and connecting point g
commences, the direction of the movement being contrary to that which has just
terminated, and therefore now coincident with that of the crank-rotation.
Thereupon follows a gradually diminishing backward movement (in a circular arc
as shown in Fig. 5) of the point 9, during the return stroke, which is prolonged while
the crank traverses the major part of the periphery of its circle of rotation; and
simultaneously the return swing of the bent lever in conjunction with the
tension-bar proceeds, whereby through the joist k, the throw-sector 1, lever p
and tension-bars, the throw-arm or picker-shaft t and picker are slowly returned
to their normal position, preparatory to the next shot or pick, as shown in
Fig. 6.
Although, during the latter portion of this revolution of the crank d, the
connecting point g of the bent lever h and tension-bar l' undergo a corresponding
inward oscillation, while the crank itself passes the lowest point of its movement
and continues its upward course, this has no effect upon the position of the point
of connection k with the sector 1, because the points 9 and k as well as the sector
and the throw-lever p become stationary in the position shown in Fig. 6 during the
inward bending of the joint g and so remain until the crank-pin e once more
arrives at the commencing point e¹ of the next throw (Figs. 2 and 5), when the
outward swing and sudden displacement (causing the pick or shot) recur.

page_text: During the period of immobility of the throw-sector the pawl or clink may be.
raised or lowered at pleasure. The throw-lever p rests against the skewback or
abutment Y, while the teeth and p' remain in contact, and a certain amount of
play is given to the pawl or clink. r, to allow of its rise and fall. When the pawl
is lifted, the throw-lever p is left undisturbed, resting against y, unaffected by the
outward swing of the freed sector which, through m and the tension-bar n, the
latter directly connected with the throw-sector of the similar device on the other
or left side of the loom, then operates the throw-lever of that side of the loom for
the return pick or shot, to throw the shuttle back again. The rotating crank dis
firmly mounted on a shaft c to which is keyed the bevel-wheel b¹ driven by the
bevel-wheel b cast on the main driving-wheel of the power loom.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is ;-
1. A shuttle-throwing device for power-looms wherein all the movements in
connection with each pick or shot are brought about as it were compulsorily
in unalterable sequence and manner by the rotation of a crank such as d imparted
by a short link such as f to the common point of connection or joint g between a
bent lever such as h suspended from a fixed point i and a connecting-rod such as h¹
jointed at the point to a rocking throw-sector such as in such manner that
by the rotation of the crank over a small portion of a revolution in conjunction
with the co-operative action of the bent-lever and the connecting-rod ¹ a
rapid forward motion is imparted to the sector and by the further rotation
of the crank d and the reversed action of the bent-lever and connecting rod a
slow return-stroke is given to the said sector the working-point k of the said
sector remaining stationary throughout the remainder of the crank-revolution
the same effects being produced thereby upon the throw-lever p by means of
the tooth coupling
p¹.
2. The combination and arrangement of parts substantially as described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 23rd das of July 1894
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.