Improvements in Stoves or Heating Apparatus.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Dec., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 25th Aug., 1891-Accepted, 3rd Oct., 1891
PROVISIONAL
SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Stoves or Heating Apparatus.
I, HERMANN HEIM, of Ober-Dobling, near Vienna, in the Empire of Austria,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to stoves or heating apparatus.
With the mode of constructing stoves or heating apparatus heretofore used it is
difficult to obtain large heating surfaces with which the products of combustion are
brought into contact in an effective manner. The vertical instead of horizontal
arrangement of the flues, which gives incomparably greater heating effects, would,
for heating bodies presenting a great heating surface, necessitate dimensions
vertically which are inadmissible in practice for constructive reasons or on account
of the small height of the chambers wherein these heating bodies are placed.
In the arrangement hereinafter described the problem referred to has been solved,
as use can be made of very large heating surfaces with which the products of
combustion are brought into contact in the most effective manner imaginable.
The essential feature of my invention consists in conducting the heating gases
produced in a fire-place into heating channels with the surfaces of which they come
sufficiently in contact before they leave through the chimney. These heating
channels may be suspended either from the fire-place or from stands to which the
heating gases are conveyed from the fire place through special connecting
channels.
In the first arrangement the heating surface obtained, although greater than in
well known arrangements of this kind, is limited, whilst the second arrangement
permits of the use of very large heating surfaces which it would otherwise be
impossible to produce.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is a vertical transverse section on the line A B of Figure 4, showing
a stove or heating apparatus having heating channels suspended from the
fire-place.
Figure 2 is a vertical transverse section on the line A B Figure 11 showing a
stove, or heating apparatus having heating channels suspended from stands.
Figure 3 illustrates a vertical longitudinal section on the line C D in Figure 4.
Figure 4 represents horizontal section on the line E F in Figure 1.
Figure 5 represents a vertical transverse section on the line GH in Figure 4.
Figures 6 to 9 are drawn to an enlarged scale.
Figure 6 shows a plan.
1
Figure 7 a vertical section on the line A B of Figure 6.
Figure 8 a vertical section on the line Ċ D in Figure 6 and
Figure 9 a side elevation, a view from below, and a front elevation of the wedge-
shaped piece to be inserted above the upper air admission orifices.
Fi
Figure 10 is a vertical transverse section on the line CD in Figure 11.
Figure 11 a horizontal transverse section on the line E, F, in Figure 2, and
Figure 12 a vertical longitudinal section on the line G H in Figure 11.
As shown in Figures 1. 3, 4 and 5, the, stove or heating apparatus comprises a
fire-place provided in a heating chamber, a bottom plate a being provided for
carrying the whole apparatus. Upon this plate stands the ash-box 6 having a
door band above this box are arranged the grate, boxe having a door c', the
grate bearer and the air-channel e from which air is blown through openings
below the grate ; the ring d forms the transition to the combustion chamber e
provided with the funnel e, above which are placed a number of boxes f closed by
the dome-cover 9.

page_text: Between the wall m of the combustion chamber e and the lower box f is placed
an air heating ring m³ shown to an enlarged scale in Figures 6 to 8. As shown in
the drawing this ring can be produced by a contraction of the wall itself or also by
the bulging of the lower part of the lowermost box for of the combustion chamber e.
It is in communication with the outer. air, through a pipe m², and is provided with
openings m³.
For contracting the passage of the products of combustion at the point where
the air heated in the ring m¹ enters the same a wedged shaped piece m Figure 9 is
..inserted.
T
In the arrangement shown in the drawing this wedge-shaped piece is held by
means of lateral projections m³ upon the contracted part of the wall, or it may be
placed with feet upon projections or ledges arranged on the wall m, or inserted into
recesses formed in the wall.
•
The above mentioned dome cover carries on both sides tubular extensions g'
from which a number of heating bodies h are suspended, the uppermost of these
carrying at its rear part the outlet pipes which serve for the discharge of the
products of combustion and are in connection with the chimney either directly. or
through the pipe outside the heating chamber.
The heating bodies / suspended on either side may be made of any desired form
with or without ribs or corrugated sides, and are divided by vertical partitions,
made either in one piece with the heating bodies and inserted separately into the
chambers for the products of combustion passing downwards, and the chambers h*
for the products passing upwards again from the lowermost heating bodies. For
retarding the downward movement of the products of combustion the several
heating bodies may be provided with horizontal partitions h³, which allow the
passage of the products of combustion alternately in front and at the rear thus
compelling them to pass as much as possible in contact with the sides of the heating
bodies.
These heating bodies h, at least the upper and lower ones, carry in front short
cleaning tubes which are adapted to be closed by the doors or covers h and
"through which the removal of soot and the ashes carried away can be readily
effected.
In the lowermost of the heating bodies the vertical partition must of course
either be left out altogether or it must extend only so far downwards that the
passage of the products of combustion from the front chamber ³ to the rear flue *
designed for its upward movement shall take place without obstruction through the
opening hº.
After the fuel introduced_through the funnel e¹ has been lighted all the doors of
the apparatus are closed. The air necessary for the combustion passes from the
outside through the opening c which is adapted to be regulated into the air
channel which surrounds the grate-box on one or more sides, and, being heated
passes through the outlet openings of the channel, below the grate c. The
products of combustion rising in the combustion chamber e mixed in their passage
along the air channel m¹ with the highly heated air admitted through the pipe m
and escaping from its openings m³. In order to surely effect this mixing which is
"necessary for the smokeless combustion the transverse section of the space for the
rising products of combustion is considerably contracted at a point which is at the
same level as the inlet openings m³ for the fresh hot air or immediately above them
by the wedge-shaped piece m. The products of combustion which are here
rendered smokeless pass upwards above the air channels, are distributed in the
dome cover g and move to the right and left into the downwardly extending flues /³,
from which they pass below through the openings into the upwardly extending
flues and from these through the discharge pipes h¹ to the chimney.
By a water-receptacle i to be arranged as desired and preferably adapted to be
filled from the outside moisture can be communicated to the heated air.
In the arrangement hereinbefore described a large heating surface can be obtained
by increasing the number of the boxes and heating-bodies h.

page_text: However, the size of the heating surface to be obtained will be limited by the
height of the heating chamber at disposal. For obtaining more extensive and
unusually large heating surfaces or when the chamber at disposal is of small height
use can be made of the arrangement shown in Figures 2, 10, 11 and 12, in which
the heating gases generated in a fire place passed downwards in channels separated
from the combustion chamber by partitions, in order to be distributed backwards
or laterally or in several directions in connecting channels through which they are
conveyed to a number of heating channels.
The fire place between the iron heating channels is represented in the accom-
panying drawing as being built of fire bricks.
Any other construction may of course be employed. At the front are the doors
for giving access to the grate provided with any well known device for con-
ducting the air below the said grate, the regulating device k for the admission to
the combustion chamber of fresh air which is heated in the chambers k' k² and kª
in order to pass through the openings to the products of combustion, and the
cover for the funnell. In the interior of the fire place are arranged the grate
forming a prolongation of the sliding surface of the funnel 1, and the horizontal
grate, both grates being movable. By the block n the interior space is divided.
The products of combustion move upwards in the first divisional space (combustion
chamber) n' are mixed on their way with the fresh and heated air admitted through
the openings for obtaining a smokeless combustion, and are conducted downwards
in the divisional space n' at the rear or in laterally arranged flues in order to pass
through the channels n³ formed of bricks or pipes into the heating channels.
Each heating channel consists of heating bodies from which by means of dome-
covers any number of box-shaped heating bodies h may be suspended. The
heating bodies of the central column above the admission orifice n may be
provided with horizontal subdivisions but they do not possess any vertical
partitions (Figure 10). In them the products of combustion rise from the afore-
said channels, are distributed in tlie dome covers g to the lateral suspended
channels, divided by vertical partitions, into spaces h³, h, in the front series ³ of
which the products of combustion are conveyed downwards in order to pass
upwards again through the series at the rear, and through the discharge pipes /
into the collecting pipe 2, whence they escape to the chimney.
If desired the suspended heating channels may be altogether dispensed with
and the products of combustion conducted directly from the main heating bodies
into the chimney.
According to the size of heating surface required and the conditions, as regards
the space at disposal use may be made of one or more such chambers serving to
utilize the products of combustion coming down the fire place and any suitable
number of the parts h arranged one above the other. In this instance the cleaning
tubes for the heating bodies are arranged in the same manner as hereinbefore
described.
It is optional to provide the fire-place with a sheet iron or cast iron casing. In
lieu of the lateral channels n³ a connecting channel may be arranged at the rear
between the fire place and heating channel from which channel the products of
combustion pass through lateral connecting pieces made of bricks or of iron boxes
or pipes, from below or laterally or from the rear into the heating channel, designed
for the upward passage of the same.
Dated this 10th day of December 1890
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Stoves or Heating Apparatus..
I, HERMANN HEIM of Ober-Dobling, near Vienna, in the Empire of
Austria, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in, what mannert the same is to, be performed, to be particularly described. and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to stoves or heating apparatus.
With the mode of constructing stoves or heating apparatus heretofore used it
is difficult to obtain large heating surfaces with which the products of combustion
are brought into contact in an effective manner. The vertical instead of horizontal
arrangement of the flues, which gives incomparably greater heating effects, would
for heating bodies presenting a great heating surface necessitate dimensions
vertically which are inadmissible in practice for constructive reasons or on account
of the small height of the chambers wherein these heating bodies are placed.
In the arrangement hereinafter described the problem referred to has been
solved, as use can be made of very large heating surfaces with which the products
of combustion are brought into contact in the most effective manner imaginable.
The essential feature of my invention consists in conducting the heating gases
produced in a fire-place into heating channels with the surfaces of which they come
sufficiently in contact before they are led off through the chimney. These heating
channels may be suspended either from the fire-place or from stands to which
the heating gases are conveyed from the fire-place through special connecting
channels.
In the first arrangement the heating surface obtained, although greater than in
well-known arrangements of this kind, is limited, whilst the second arrangement
permits of the use of very large heating surfaces which it would otherwise be
impossible to produce.
In the drawings left with my Provisional Specification
Figure 1 is a vertical transverse section on the line A B of Figure 4,
showing the stove or heating apparatus having heating channels. suspended from
the fire-place.
Figure 2 is a vertical transverse section on the line A B Figure 3 showing
a stove or heating apparatus having heating channels suspended from stands.
Figure 3 illustrates a vertical longitudinal section on the line C D in
Figure 4.
Figure 4 represents a-horizontal section on the line E-F in Figure 1.
'
Figure 5 represents a vertical transverse section on the line G H in Figure 4.
Figures 6 to 9 are drawn to an enlarged scale.
Figure 6 shows a plan.
Figure 7 a vertical section on the line A B of Figure 6, and
Figure 8 a vertical section on the line C D in Figure 6 of the air heating ring.
Figure 9, represents a side elevation, a view from below, and a front elevation
of the wedge-shaped piece to be inserted above the upper air-admission orifices.
Figure 10 is a vertical transverse section on the line C D in Figure 11,
Figure 11 a horizontal transverse section on the line E F in Figure 2; and
Figure 12 a vertical longitudinal section on the line G H in Figure: 11.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures of
the drawings.
The stove or heating apparatus comprises a fire-place provided in a heating
chamber, a bottom plate a being provided for carrying the whole apparatus. Upon
this plate stands the ash-box & having a door and above this box are arranged
the grate box c having a door c¹, the grate bearer and the air-channel c, from
which air is blown through openings below the grate c', the ring d forms the
transition to the combustion chamber e provided with the funnel e¹, above which
are placed a number of boxes / closed by the dome-cover g.

page_text: Between the wall m of the combustion chamber e and the exterior wall of the
lower box is arranged an air-heating ring shown to an enlarged scale in
Figures to 8. As shown in the drawing this ring can be produced by a con-
traction of the wall itself or also by the bulging of the lower part of the lowermost
box for of the combustion chamber e. It is in communication with the outer air
through a pipe m², and is provided with openings m³, directed toward the inner
space of the combustion chamber.
For contracting the passage for the products of combustion at the point where
the air heated in the said ring m¹ enters the same a wedge-shaped piece _m³,
Figure 9, is inserted. In the arrangement shown in the drawing this wedge-
shaped piece is held by means of lateral projections m³ upon the contracted
part of the wall, or it may be placed with feet upon projections or ledges arranged
on the wall m or inserted into recesses formed in the wall. .
The above-mentioned dome cover y carries on both sides tubular extensions g¹
from which a number of heating bodies. are supended, the uppermost of these
carrying at its rear part the outlet pipes which serve for the discharge of the
producis of combustion and are in connection with the chimney either directly
or through the pipe h² outside the heating chamber.
The heating bodies h suspended on either side may be made of any desired form
with or without ribs or corrugated sides, and are divided by vertical partitions,
made either in one piece with the heating bodies or inserted separately, into the
chambers for the products of combustion passing downwards, and the chambers /*
for the products passing upwards again from the lowermost heating bodies. For
retarding the downward movement of the products of combustion the several
heating bodies h may be provided with horizontal partitions ho, which allow the
passage of the products of combustion alternately in front and at the rear, thus
compelling them to pass as much as possible in contact with the sides, of the
heating bodies.
These heating bodies h, at least the upper and lower ones, carry in front short
cleaning tubes which are adapted to be closed by the doors or covers hand
through which the removal of soot and the ashes carried away can be readily
effected.
In the lowermost of the beating, bodies the vertical partition must of course
either be left out altogether or it must extend only so far downwards that the
passage of the products of combustion from the front chamber h³ to the rear flue h⭑
designed for its upward movement shall take place without obstruction through the
opening h8.
After the fuel introduced through the funnel e' has been lighted all the doors of
the apparatus are closed. The air necessary for the combustion passes from the
outside through the opening, which is adapted to be regulated into the air
channel which surrounds the grate-box on one or more sides, and, being heated
passes through the outlet openings of the channel below the grate ct. The products
of combustion rising in the combustion chamber e are mixed in their passage along
the said air-heating ring-shaped channel with the highly heated air admitted
through the pipe m³, and escaping from its openings m³. In order to surely effect
this mixing which is necessary for the smokeless combustion the transverse section
of the space for the rising products of combustion is considerably contracted at a
point which is at the same level as the inlet openings m³ for the fresh hot air or
immediately above them by the wedge-shaped piece m'. The products of com-
bustion rendered smokeless pass upwards above the air channels, are distributed in
the dome-cover g, and move to the right and left into the downwardly extending
flues h, from which they pass below through the openings into the upwardly
extending flues and from these through the discharge pipes h' to the chimney.
By a water receptacle to be arranged as desired and preferably adapted to be
filled from the outside moisture can be communicated to the heated air.
In the arrangement herein before.described a large heating surface can. be
obtained by increasing the number of the boxes f and heating-bodies h.

page_text: However, the size of the heating surface to be obtained will be limited by the
height of the heating chamber at disposal. For obtaining more extensive and
larger heating surfaces or when the chamber at disposal is of small height use can
be inade of the arrangement shown in Figures 2, 10, 11 and 12 in which the heating
gases generated in a fire-place pass downwards in channels separated from the com-
bustion chamber by partitions, in order to be distribute:l backwards, or laterally, or
in several directions, in connecting channels through which they are conveyed to a
number of heating channels arranged outside the fire-place.
The fire-place between the iron heating channels is represented in the accom-
panying drawing as being built of fire-bricks.
Any other construction may of course be employed. At the front are the doors for
giving access to the grate, provided with any well known device for conducting the
air below the said grate, the regulating device k for the admission to the combustion
chamber of fresh air which is heated in the chambers 4 and in order to pass
through the openings to the products of combustion, and the aperture of the
feeding funnel. In the interior of the fire place are arranged the grateforming
a prolongation of the sliding surface of the feeding funnel 1, and the horizontal
grate both grates being movable. By the block n the interior space is divided.
The products of combustion move upwards in the first divisional space (combustion
chamber), are mixed on their way with the fresh and heated air admitted through
the openings for obtaining a smokeless combustion, and are conducted downwards
in the divisional space n' at the rear or in laterally arranged flues in order to pass
through the channels n³ formed of bricks or pipes into the heating channels.
Each heating channel consists of heating bodies from which, by means of dome-
covers g any number of box-shaped heating bodies may be suspended. The
heating bodies of the central column above the admission orifice n may be
provided with horizontal subdivisions, but they do not possess any vertical
partitions (Figure 10). In them the products of combustion rise from the aforesaid
channels, are distributed in the dome-covers to the lateral suspended channels,
divided by vertical partitions into spaces, ³, in the front series 3 of which the
products of combustion are conveyed downwards in order to pass upwards again
through the series at the rear, and through the discharge pipes /¹ into the
collecting pipe h² whence they escape to the chimney.
If desired the suspended heating channels may be altogether dispensed with, and
the products of combustion conducted directly from the main heating bodies into
the chimney.
According to the size of heating surface required and the conditions as regards
the space at disposal, use may be made of one or more such channels serving to
utilize the products of combustion coming from the fire-place and any suitable
number of the parts h arranged one above the other. In this instance the cleaning
tubes for the heating bodies are arranged in the same manner as hereinbefore
described.
It is optional to provide the fire-place with a sheet-iron or cast-iron casing.
In lieu of the lateral channels n³ a connecting channel may be arranged at the rear
between the fire-place and heating channels from which channel the products of
combustion pass through lateral connecting pieces, made of bricks or of iron boxes
or pipes, from below or laterally or from the rear into the heating channel designed
for the upward passage of the same.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
First. In a stove or heating apparatus, for the obtention of heating surfaces
having any desirable extension and always remaining in a tight condition, the
application of heating bodies serving as flues and provided with even, undulated
or rifled walls, the said heating bodies being divided by vertical partitions into
the spaces h³ and h for the hot gases passing successively downwards and upwards,

page_text: and being connected with the stove by being suspended either direct from the fire
place itself or from lateral heating bodies connected at the bottom with the stove,
substantially as described and shown.
Second. In a stove or heating apparatus the arrangement at the rear or at the
sides of the stove of one or of several divisional spaces n³, separated from the com-
bustion chamber by one or several partitions n, and serving for the passage of the
products of combustion which, coming from the combustion chamber n', circulate
through the said divisional space or spaces n² in a downward direction in order to
pass through the channels n³ into the lateral heating bodies, substantially as
described and shown.
Third. In a stove or heating apparatus, for obtaining the combustion of the
generated smoke, the arrangement of a horizontal air-channel between the exterior
wall of the combustion chamber and the inner masonry-wall m of the latter, above
the entrance of the feeding funnel, substantially as described and shown.
Fourth. In a stove or heating apparatus for obtaining an intimate mixing up of
the products of combustion rising within the combustion chamber with the air
admitted to them, the contraction of the inner space of the combustion chamber at
or near the air-inlet openings, by means of a wedge-shaped piece m' which is
resting by means of lateral projections mo upon the air channel, or is otherwise
arranged upon suitable projections, ledges or recesses of the inner wall of the
combustion chamber, substantially as described and shown.
Dated this 24th day of August 1891.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.