IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Goldie, of Airdrie, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, Manager, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
33.
Sealed the 14th June 1864, and dated the 19th December 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Goldie at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th
December 1863.
I, THOMAS GOLDIE, of Airdrie, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Manager, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention comprises various improvements in looms for weaving.
The first improvement is designed to reduce the strain which the shedding
action tends to produce on the warps, and to diminish the wear of the beddles
or healds.
And in carrying it out according to one modification an eccentric or cam is
fixed on the first motion or other suitable shaft and acts on a vertical lever, a
strap from which is attached to the frictional brake rope, by which the
delivery of the warps is regulated: The attachment is to the part of the brake
rope between the fixed stud or hook to which the rope is attached and the
warp beam, and on the shed being formed the eccentric or cam causes the
lever to pull the rope so as to turn the beam in the direction to slack off the
warps. When the shed is closing the eccentric or cam permits the warp
beam to gradually resume its former. position, giving the ordinary degree of

page_text: tension to the warps at the time the weft is driven up. If brake ropes are,
applied to both ends of the warp beam they may both be acted upon by levers
and eccentrics or cams:
The second improvement relates to the take up mechanism, and consists in
combining with a lever for lifting out of gear the propelling and retaining
catches of the ratchet wheel, a lever and catch so set between stops as to allow
the ratchet wheel to move back but only to an extent corresponding to three
picks, or whatever number of picks is considered desirable. This arrangement
will dispense with the trouble of adjusting the take up by hand on the
breakage of a weft thread./
The third improvement consists of an arrangement by which in working
cords or cross-overs, they may be driven closely up, and this is obtained by
means of a presser bar of at least the width of the cloth, placed between the
breast beam and take up roller, which presser bar whilst the fine yarn between
the cords or cross-overs is being woven presses the cloth out from the reed,
but which whilst the cord cross-over is being woven retires, and throwing
the warp into the reed causes the cords or cross-overs to be driven more
closely up. The pressing bar is conveniently connected by levers to the
shifting shuttle box, so that when the shuttle for weaving the cords or cross-
overs is brought into action by the pattern mechanism the pressing bar is
simultaneously shifted so as to modify the "let back" and "take up" to
correspond.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Goldie in the Great Seal Patent Office on the. 17th
June 1864.
...
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,: THOMAS:
GOLDIE, of Airdrie, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Manager, send
greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen. Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Thomas Goldie, Her special licence that: I, the said Thomas Goldie,
my executors, administrators, and assigns,. or such others as I, the said Thomas
Goldic, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter: during the

page_text: term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
FOR WEAVING; upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Thomas Goldie, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of, the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Séal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Goldie, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement in writing, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
My said Invention comprises various improvements in looms for weaving,
and in order that the same may be properly understood and carried into effect,
I have hereunto appended a Sheet of explanatory Drawings to be herein-after
referred to and representing modifications of my improved arrangements as
applied to a loom.
:
angles to the
Figure 1 is a vertical section of the loom as taken at right
front; Figure 2 is a front elevation of a part of the loom, and Figure 3 is a
vertical section similar to a part of Figure 1, but showing different details.
It has been considered unnecessary to show a number of the well-known parts
of a loom.
My first improvement is designed to reduce the strain which the shedding
action tends to produce on the warps 1 and to diminish the wear of the heddles
or healds 2.
And in carrying out this improvement according to one modification an
eccentric.or cam 3 is fixed on the first motion or crank shaft 4, or it might be
on another suitable shaft, and it acts on a vertical lever 5 from which a strap 6
is attached to the frictional brake rope 7, by which the delivery of the warps
is regulated. The attachment is to the part of the brake rope 7 between the
fixed stud or hook 8 to which the rope is attached and the warp beam 9, and
on the shed being formed the eccentric or cam 3 causes the lever 5 to pull
the rope. 7, so as to turn, the beam 9. in the direction to slack off the warps.
When the shed is closing the eccentric or cam permits the warp beam to
gradually resume its former position, giving the 'ordinary degree of tension to
the warps at the time the weft is driven up. If brake ropes (7) are applied

page_text: to both ends of the warp beam 9 they may both be acted upon by levers ()
and eccentrics or cams (3).
My second improvement relates to the take-up mechanism, and is shown
applied in Figure 3. The take-up ratchet wheel 10 is in this example repre-
sented as actuated by a propelling catch 11 upon a lever 12, which is made
to oscillate by a pin on the lathe sword, the retaining catch 13 being jointed
on a pin upon the side frame of the loom.
The improvement is, however, equally applicable with other arrangements;
and it consists in combining with a lever 14, which by means of a. pin lifts.the
propelling and retaining catches 11, 13, off the ratchet wheel 10, a lever 15
and catch 16 so set between stops 17, 18, as to allow the ratchet to move
back, but only to an extent corresponding to three picks or to whatever
number of picks is considered desirable. This arrangement will dispense with
the trouble of readjusting the take-up by hand on the breakage of a weft
thread. The lever 15 is conveniently centred on the spindle or stud of the
ratchet wheel 10, and the stops 17, 18, are fixed on a bracket 19, but these
parts may obviously be disposed in various ways to obtain the same
result.
"
"
or
My third improvement consists of an arrangement by which, in weaving
"cords
cross-overs," they may be driven more closely up than the.
portions of the cloth between them, and this is effected by means of a presser
bar 20, Figures 1 and 2, of a length at least equal to the width of the cloth,
and placed between the breast beam 21 and take-up roller 22, which
presser bar 20 whilst the fine yarn between the cords or cross-overs is being
woven presses the cloth forward or out from the reed, but which whilst the
cord or cross-over is being woven retires, and thereby letting back the warp
into the reed causes the cords or cross-overs to be driven more closely up.
The pressing bar 20 is carried by two levers 23 on a cross spindle 24, which
is actuated by a lever 25 acted on by a wiper 26 on the low shaft of the loom.
When the lever 25 is lifted by the wiper it is held up by a spring catch 27,
and when the bar 20 is to retire the lever 25 is drawn aside off the catch 27
and out of the way of the wiper 26, the lever being jointed to admit of this
action, which may be effected by a cord 28 connected to the shuttle box or
other pattern mechanism. The lever 25 is returned into the way of the wiper
by a spring or by another cord or connection with the pattern mechanism.
A spring 29 partially sustains the lever 25 and renders its movement
easy.
Having thus particularly described my said Invention, and the manner in.
which the same is or may be performed, I have to state that I do not restrict

page_text: myself to the precise details herein described or delineated, but that what I
believe to be novel and original, and claim as the Invention secured to me by
the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,―
1. The reducing of the shedding strain on the warps by acting on the
frictional brake or pacing rope of the warp beam substantially in the manner
herein-before described.
2. The limiting of the backward movement of the take-up mechanism
to facilitate restarting after stoppages by means substantially such as are
herein-before described.
And 3. The varying of the take-up in weaving "cords" or "cross-overs"
by means of a presser bar acting substantially in the manner herein-before
described,
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Goldie, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
THOMAS GOLDIE.
(L.S.)