Improvements in or connected with Hydraulio Packing Presses.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Feb., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 1st Nov., 1893—Accepted, 2nd Dec., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Hydraulio Packing Presses.
We, HENRY SHIELD and JABEZ HOWARTH, both of 17, York Street,
Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows :-
This invention has reference to hydraulic presses employed for pressing goods,
for the purpose of forming them into balos, and has special reference to presses of
this nature which are constructed and employed for pressing loose fibre and other
loose matters into bales, and which are covered in canvas or bagging and bound
with hoops. And the invention has mainly for its object to provide improvements
in connection with hydraulic packing presses, by which the time employed usually
in ordinary presses in baling can be diminished.
Under this invention we provide a mode of or means for applying the hoop bands
in sets, say as a whole in one set, or subdivided into separate sets to the machine,
that is, under the lashing plates thereof, whereby the time occupied in fixing, is
considerably less than that employed for applying or fixing the hoops in the
ordinary way.
A further means of economizing timo or rendering the operation of baling more
rapid, consists in constracting the machines in such a manner that the filling of the
boxes employed can be carried on at the same time or simultaneously with the
introduction of the covering of bagging or canvas or hoops and covering.
In applying the hoops, there may be employed two bars of suitable form over
which the ends of the hoop metal strips fit; and these bars are so formed that the
hoops are kept equi-distant, or at proper distances apart. The hoops held to the
bars as described, are convoyed to the press and are in the application to the upper
part of the press, supported by said hars, to suitable brackets or provisions thereon,
the hoops passing under the lashing plate, or through the grooves therein, as the oase
may be.
To provide for the employment under different conditions of different lengths of
hoop, the brackets or provisions specified will be so formed with multiple provisions,
or adjustable provisions, as to receive and hold the hoop supporting bars at different
distances away from the press side.
In some cases the lashing plates are provided with shallow grooves to take the
thin blinding hoops, so that the surface of the lashing plate is even with the hoops
in position, and cutting of and damage to the goods obviated.
Cutting of the material being pressed may also be prevented when using grooved
lashing plates by having the metal of the ridges between the grooves or channels
bighest or deepest in the middle and tapering off towards the groove on either side,
and well rounded off at the corners of the edges or sides; so that the cotton, jute,
or other material, when being pressed, has a gradual extension towards the grooves
leading to the extension pressed into the grooves, with no abrupt parts.
In some cases hydraulic presses of different kinds are constructed and adapted to
be used for low pressures or high pressures. In this case the lashing plates will be
alternately grooved or plain or even, and this is effected by employing grooved
plates for lower pressures, and when employing higher pressure, applying over and
fitting to the face of said grooved plates, plain or smooth plates (or plates having
only slight grooves or recesses therein as herein specified), which plates cover the said
grooves and are attached thereto by studs, bolts, dovetail or grooved joints, clamps
or other suitable or equivalent means. The back of the plain surfaced face plate
will be formed to fit the form of the grooved lashing plates to which they are fitted,
and their surface may be flat or curved.

page_text: This feature may be applied to and used in connection with existing grooved
lashing plates of presses, or to new ones, and when applied to some kinds of presses
the grooved lashing plates or either of, them or the plates or parts in connection
with which they work, may be so formed or cut away as to render the point or
level reached by the presses with the even or smooth plate, or with the grooved
plate, the same: this may be done where required. Or, a packing or make-up
plate or plates may be used in connection with the bottom or top lashing plates, or
either of them, or with other parts, by which the level may be maintained, and
which may be taken out or put in as required.
The binding used in different cases may be single hoops with single fastenings,
or separate or half hoops with double fastenings, or such as may be suitable.
In some cases (especially when the lashing plate has a smooth or even surface)
notched or equivalently formed provisions may be attached to the sides of the
lashing plate to hold the hoops at the required distances apart, and firmly between
their extremities.
For attaching the hoops to their supporting bars, we may employ a suitable table
on which the hoops and bars rest. The ends of the hoops may be turned under,
and fitted over the bars. The ends of the bars, however, in different cases, will be
prepared or formed to suit the kind of bale ties being used.
When a cloth or bagging is used, it may be placed on the table with the hoops,
and tied or otherwise fastened thereto or to the bars.
In the feature or part of this invention by which the filling of the boxes in cotton
and like presses can be carried on simultaneously with the fixing or placing of tho
cloth on the lower lashing plate and hoops, there is employed on or in connection
with the filling box a temporary and movable bottom, by which the cotton is
prevented from touching the lower lashing plate, or is held up therefrom; or,
temporarily lifted therefrom. By this means a space between such bottom and the
lashing plate exists at the proper time, through which the hoops, or hoops and
cloths, can be introduced and placed in position on the lower lashing plate.
These means for keeping the cotton off the lower lashing plate, or lifting it off,
are in some cases operated automatically by suitable means, by the movement of
the press, or part of the press, or part connected therewith, in the operation of
baling, it being so adapted as to give the required movement or movements to the
parts for effecting this result.
In some cases a means for holding up the cotton and forming a false bottom to
the filling box may consist of doors or forks, forming the lower part of the sides of
the box and adapted to move inwards into, or approaching the horizontal plane, and
downwards into the vertical plane after the holding up operation is completed.
In another case, forks or doors are moved in the horizontal plane into or across
the box at the required height above the lower lashing plate. And in another
case, viz. when cotton or other matorial is raised off the lower lashing plate, forks
or plates may be moved inwards at the bottom of the filling box and then lifted
upwards; and after the introduction of hoops, or hoops and cloth, is affected, the
forks or plates are withdrawn.
One form of means for operating the hinged doors (or sliding doors) may consist
of levers, which when applied to a revolving box, come in contact with suitable
provisions on or connected with the press, when moved, and so move the forks or
"doors into position at the required time; subsequently the mechanism is released,
or a locking or holding device connected therewith is released, and the doors or
forks fall or move in such a manner as to allow the cotton or other material to fall
on to the lower lashing plate.
If the doors or forks are in duplicate, or in duplex arrangement, they may be
geared together by quadrants, racks, levers, or equivalent means. Suitable
counterbalance weights may be used in connection with these parts or devices for
counterbalancing them, and the operating devices would preferably in the case of
revolving boxes be arranged or disposed at the outor ends thereof.
For the purpose of further accelerating the rate of baling operation, we arrange

page_text: in connection with the parts above described, and at the lower part of the box or
boxes a platform or platforms, so that the operator or manipulators of the hoops,
or hoops and cloth (and the movable forks or doors when operated by hand) can
work when the box is being revolved, and commence directly the box stops.
For boxes or presses which do not move, the means of holding or lifting up the
cotton or other material as the case may be, may be automatically operated from
the mechanism by which the inlet valve, or other genr, of the press is operated, and
80 arranged that the operation of the press cannot be started until the false bottom
or holding up dovico is withdrawn.
It is to be understood that the different features of this invention may be applied
individually as well as collectively in connection with hydraulic presses and to
different kinds or types of presses, and also that the invention is not restricted to
the forms, constructions or combinations of parts more particularly mentioned
above, since these may be modified in different ways and equivalents used without
departing from the essential characteristics of our improvements.
Dated this 31st day of January 1893.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON, Fels. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicants' Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Hydraulic Packing Presses.
We, HENRY SHIELD and JABez_Howarth, both of 17, York Street,
Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to hydraulic and other presses employed for prossing
goods, for the purpose of forming them into bales, and has special reference to
presses of this nature which are constructed and employed for pressing loose fibre
and other loose matters into bales, and which are usually covered in canvas or
bagging and bound with hoops or other bands. And the invention has mainly for
its object to provide improvements in connection with hydraulic packing presses,
by which the time occupied usually in ordinary processes in baling can be
diminished.
Under this invention we provide a mode of or means for applying the hoop bands
in sets, say as a whole or one sat, or subdivided into separate sets, to the machine,
that is, noder the lashing plate thereof, whereby the time occupied in fixing, is
considerably less than that occupied in applying or fixing the hoops in the ordinary
way, one at a time.
A further means of economizing time or rendering the operation of baling more
rapid, consists in constructing the machines in such a manner that the filling of the
boxes employed can be carried on at the same time or simultaneously with the
introduction of the covering of bagging or canvas, or hoops and covering bagging
or canvas.
In applying the hoops, there may be employed two bars of suitable form, over
which the ends of the hoop-metal strips fit; and those bars are so formed that the
hoops are kept equi-distant, or at proper distances apart. The hoops, held to tho
bars as described, are conveyed to the press and are in the application to the upper
part of the press, supported by said bars, to suitable brackets or provisions
thereon, the hoops passing under the lashing plate, or through the grooves therein
as the case may be.
To provide for the employment under different conditions of different lengths of
hoop, the brackets or provisions specified will be so formed with multiple provisions,
or adjustable provisions, as to receive and hold the hoop supporting bars at different
distances away from the press side.

page_text: In some cases (especially when the lashing plate has a smooth or oven surfaco)
notched or equivalently formed provisions may be attached to the sides of the
lashing plate to hold the hoops at the required distances apart, and firmly between
their extremities.
In some ouses the lashing plates are provided with shallow grooves to take the
thin binding hoops, so that the surface of the lashing plate is even with the hoops
in position, and cutting of and damage to the goods is obviated.
In some cases presses are constructed aud adapted to be used for low pressures
and high pressures. In this case the lashing plates may be-alternatively-
grooved, or plain or eveu, and this is offected by employing grooved plates for
Tower pressures, and when employing higher pressure, applying and fitting to the
face of said grooved plates, plain or smooth plates (or plates having only slight
grooves or recessos therein) which plates cover the said grooves and are attached
by studs, bolts, dovetail or grooved joints, clamps, or other suitable or equivalent
moans. The backs of the lashing plates will be formed to the same shape as their
faces and this shape may be flat or curved.
This feature may be applied to and used in connection with oxisting lashing.
plates of presses or to new ones, and when applied to some kinds of presses the
lashing plates or either of them or the plates or parts in connection with which
they work, may be so formed or cut away as to render the point or level reached
by the presses with the oven or smooth plate, or with the grooved plate, the same:
this may be done where required.
For attaching the hoops to their supporting bars, we may employ a suitable table
on which the hoops and bars rest. The ends of the hoops may be turned under or
fitted over the bars. The ends of the hoops, however, in different cases, will be
prepared or formed to suit the kind of bale-ties being used.
When a cloth or bagging is used, it may be placed on the table with the hoops,
and tied or otherwise fastened thereto or to the bars.
In the feature or part of the invention by which the filling of the boxes in
cotton and like presses can be carried on simultaneously with the fixing or placing
of the cloth and hoops on the lower lashing plate, there is employed on or in
connection with the filling box a temporary and movable bottom, by which the
cotton is prevented from touching the lower lashing plate, or is held up therefrom.
By this means a space between auch bottom and the lashing plate exists at the
proper time, through which the hoops, or hoops and cloths, can be introduced and
placed in position on the lower lashing plate.
These means for keeping the cotton off the lower lashing plate are in some cases
operated automatically by suitable means by the movement of the press, or part of
the press, or part connected therewith, in the operation of baling, it being so
adapted as to give the required movement or movements to the parts for effecting
this result.
In some cases a means for holding up the cotton and forming a falso bottom to
the filling box, may cousist of doors or forks, forming the lower part of the sides of
the box and adapted to move inwards into, or approaching the horizontal plane,
and downwards into the vertical or nearly vertical plane after the holding up
operation is completed.
In another case, forks or doors aro moved in the horizontal or nearly horizontal
plane into or across the box at the required height above the lower lashing
plate.
One form or means for releasing the hinged doors (or sliding doors) after they
have held up the cotton may consist of levers, which when applied to a revolving
box, come into contact with suitable provisions on or connected with the press,
when moved, and so move the forks or doors into a safety position at the required
time; and allow the follower to pass the doors, and the cotton or other material
to fall on to the lower lashing plate.
If the doors or forks are in duplicate, or in duplex arrangement, they may be
geared together by quadrants, racks, levers, or equivalent means. Suitable

page_text: counterbalance weights may be used in connection with those parts or devices for
counterbalancing them, and tho operating devices would preferably in the case of
revolving boxes be arranged or disposed at the outer ends thereof.
For the purpose of further accelerating the rate of baling operation, we arrange
in connection with the parts above described, and at the lower part of the box
or boxes, a platform or platforms, so that the operator or manipulators of the hoops
or hoops and cloth (and the movable forks or doors, when operated by hand) can
work when the box is being revolved, as well as when it is at rost.
It is to be understood that the differont features of this invention may be applied
individually as well as collectively in connection with hydraulic or other presses
and to different kinds or types of presses, and also that the invention is not
restricted to the forms, constructions, or combinations of parts more particularly
mentioned above, since these may be modified in different ways and equivalents
used without departing from the essential characteristics of our improvements.
Illustrations giving examples of hydraulic packing prosses or parts thereof
provided with improvements under this invention are given in the accompanying
drawings.
In Figures 1 and 2, which are cross sectional elevation and plan respectively,
the mode of or moans for applying the hoop bands to the upper lashing plate of the
press is illustrated.
Referring to the drawings, a represents the upper lashing plate of a packing
press, and the lower lashing plate.
The binding hoops, which are shewn in position under the lashing plate a, are
designated in the drawings. Before being brought to the press the hoops aro
attached or connected at each end to tho bars y, said bara being held, while the
hoops are being attached to them, in a suitable frame or table, conveniently
disposed; that is, tho bars are placed parallel at the required distance apart, and
then the hoops are attached at each end to them and side by side, as in the arrange-
ment shewu in Figure 2, the attachment being effected by providing hooks or like
devices y' (according to the kind of hoop, buckle, or fastener that is to be used) on
the upper side of the bars y, and holes or corresponding means of attachment in the
hoops through which the hooks pass, or to which the devices are fastened.
At each end of the lashing plate there are provided and fixed latorally
projecting brackets c which are provided with a number of gaps to receive tho
bara y carrying the set of binding hoops. When all the hoops of a set used in a
press are attached to the bars y as described, they form with the bars y a gridiron
arrangement or form, and this is taken to the press and passed under the lashing
plate, and the bars y placed in the brackets c and there held in place as shewn in
Figures 1 and 2. The brackets care provided with a number of gaps as stated
and shown, into any of which the bars y can be shipped, according to the length
of the hoops, which will govern the choice of the particular gaps used in
any case.
As a modification of holders for the bars y, the brackets o may have a single
notch each, and be adjustablo in the press so that the notch therein may be moved
nearer to or farther from the lashing plate, and fixed thero.
To assist in keeping the hoops equally distributed or in their proper positions
across the lashing plate a, we may provide bars or plates you the upper lashing
plate as shewn, with gaps therein in which the hoops lie and are held in their
correct position.
In cases wherein this part of the invention is applied to presses in which the
lashing plates have ordinary deep hooping grooves, the bars or plates y³ are
uunecessary.
When a cloth or wrapper is to be used to cover a bale, it may, in some cases, be
opened out on the hoop fixing and arranging table, looped up to the frame of
hoops underneath it, and so carried to the press along with framework or grid-iron
of hoops.
When the bale has been fully compressed the bars y are lifted and the ends

page_text: of the hoops released therefrom, and the ends thereof bent down and buckled to
the lower row of hoops.
The lashing plates are preferably grooved to the extent of the depth of the
bands or hoops in which they fit, so that a practically smooth or even surface is
presented to the cotton or other fibres acted upon by the lashing plate, and all
cutting and destruction or damage of the fibre is obviated.
The improvement in cases where presses are constructed and adapted to be used
either for low pressure or high pressura as required, is illustrated in Figures 3 and 4,
and 5 and 6. Of these, figures 3 and 4 shew the arrangement used when low
pressure is employed, and the arrangement shewn in Figures 5 and 6 is that used
when employing higher pressure. In these figures, a represents the plates having
shallow grooves therein as described or smooth plates, and a represents the deeply
grooved plates as ordinarily employed, a' representing the grooves. These plates
are fastened to the head d of the press by screw studs eee placed at different
points along same, the heads of which lie in recesses formed in the plates a a'.
When low pressure is being used and the deeply grooved plates a¹ aro outermost,
the plates a lio between same and the head d, the screw studs e e e passing
through same and screwing into the head d. To the arrangement in Figures 5 and 6,
employed when high pressures are used, the plates a are outermost, and the
plates a' lie between them and the head of the press. This improvement affords an
intorchangeable arrangement for working a press under different conditions and
requirements, whilst in both arrangements the distance between the upper and
lower lashing plates is constant.
For convenience we prefer one of the plates as a to be in halves, divided at the
centre a* or otherwise. To change the press into one with a plain surface next to
the bale, the screws are slacked a little and the screws ' and e' are withdrawn.
The plate a thus released is pulled out one half from each side, leaving the plate a'
hanging in the screws e. The plate a' is now lifted by hand or otherwise, so as to
be up to the press head as in Figure 6, the plate a is now secured underneath a¹ by
the re-insertion of the screws e and e, and the tightening of the screws.
Figure 5 shows the side view of the plates when thus arranged. We arrange plates
in this way whether one plate is plain and the other grooved, or whether the plates
are required to differ in other respects, such as in the number or the form of their
grooves. We also arrange plates of varying kinds one above another in this way
in sets of more than two. We also use plates arranged in this way but varied in
the method of fastening, for the lower surface of bales.
In Figures 7 to 10 one form of means by which the filling of the boxes in cotton
and like presses can be carried on simultaneously with the fixing or placing of the
hoops and cloth, or hoops only, on the lower lashing plate is shown. Figures 7, 8,
and 9 are, respectively, transverse section, end view, and plan, of one arrangement;
whilst Figure 10 is a transverse section of a modified arrangement.
In these figures, b is the ordinary lower lashing plate at the bottom of a filling
box, h, of the press (the arrangement of boxes shewn in the drawings being of the
revolving type having two boxes) and on this lower lashing plate the hoops and
cloth (or the hoops only if no cloth is used) are placed when the box is being filled.
i are the doors at the bottom of same. These are hinged to a shaft on the box
aide and are operated from outside by lovers as hereafter described. The doors i
move from about the horizontal plano to the vertical plane and vice versa together,
they being coupled together, and the one worked from the other, through the
toothed quadrants secured on the shafts . When in the horizontal position as
shewn in Fig. 7, they form a false bottom to the box but when in the vertionl
position they form a continuation of the sides thereof. The doors i are in part
automatically operated through the tappet levers j and stop or tappet pillar!
which has upon its head a part m in contact with which j and come. The lever j
is loosely mounted on its shaft i, whilst k is fixed upon its shaft i'.
The doors are opened, that is brought to the vertical position just as the box-
which it will be assumed is filled with fibre-is coming into the position over the

page_text: hydraulic press ram or rams, the position of which in the drawings is shewn by the
oircles marked 9 (Figure 9). And this operation is effected by the lever, first
coming into contact, by the rotation of the boxes, with the stop m, which unlocks
the doors by lifting the locking catch n of the lever out of a notch in the locking
quadrant through the connecting rod j, coupling ; with n¹; and then by the
lever & coming in contact with the tappet or stop m, which causes the lever to be
pressed back towards the position shewn in Figure 8, 80 moving down the doors i.
When the box has reached the position shewn in Figure 8, that is stands directly
over the pressing rams, the end of the lever k will stand upon the upper face of the
tappet in as shown in Figure 8, and so the doors i will be held open in the vertical
position when the box is in this position, and during the time the compressing of
the fibre in the box is taking place. When the box is again revolved, after the
material in it has been operated upon by the rams, the lovor k leaves the tappet m;
whereupon the weight &¹ (which is fixed to the arm k on the shaft i') will, upon the
locking catch n being removed from the notch in the quadrant by hand, cause the
doors to be moved up to the horizontal position, and when in this position
the catch n will drop into the other notch in the quadrant and lock the doors in
this position, and thereby forming a false bottom to the box and providing a space
between it and the face of the lower lashing plate through which the hoops and
cloth (or hoops only) can be passed and placed in position whilst the filling up of
the box is proceeding.
o is the platform attached to the lower part of the boxes or box-frame, and
revolving with same, by which the manipulation or handling and arranging of the
hoop and cloth (or hoop only) can be carried on while the boxes are revolving.
and
In the arrangement shown in Figure 10, the false or temporary bottom of the
charging or filling box consists of two doors i adapted to bo slid from oither side
towards and away from each other simultaneously. This is effected by the
actuation of the lever k which, being fixed upon one of the two shafte i transmits
its motion to the doors i through the right and left arms on the shafts
coupled together by a coupling rod and the arms -also on the shafts -the
ends of which lie in slots in the doors i. Thus by this mechanism it will be plain
by first moving the lover & in one direction, and then in the other the doors i will
first be moved towards each other.and then moved away from each other, so making
the false and temporary hottom and removing it, for the purposes above stated with
reference to the mechanism shewn in Figures 7 to 9.
The doors i are guided and supported in this instance by side brackets, each
having a groove pin it to receive and carry the edges of the doors, and by the
metal of the side of the box h marked ³, through which they slide: similar grooves
to p¹ may be provided in the ends of the box 4.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The employment in connection with packing or baling presses, of bars adapted
to have attached to them tho baling hoops in a set or sets at their ends and
forming, when fixed together, a grid which may be carried to the press and is
adapted to be secured thereon under the upper lashing plate thereof: substantially
as and for the purposes set forth.
2. The employment on or combination with the upper part of a packing or baling
press, of brackets projecting outwards at each side and adapted to receive and hold
in position bars (of the kind referred to in Claim L) supporting the baling hoops,
and constructed or arranged to support and hold said bars at varying distances
from the press side for the purposes specified; substantially as described.
3. A baling or packing press having parts for carrying, holding in the press, and
keeping equidistant apart the baling hoops, combined, constructed and operating
particularly as set forth with reference to and shown in Figures 1 and 2 of the
drawings.

page_text: 4. The herein described improvement in packing or baling presses, consisting of
the employment in connection with the head or upper part and with the follower or
lower part of a press, of duplex interchangeable lashing plates, one having a plain
pressing surface or shallow grooves-and the other having deep grooves to enable
hoops to be passed through when the material being acted upon is in the press, or
plates having different numbers of grooves, sizes, or formations, whereby either
plate may be employed, at will, and without altering the space into which the balo
is compressed.
5. A baling or packing press having duplex interchangeable lashing plates
connected with the head or upper part of and the follower or lower part of the
press, constructed and adapted to be manipulated and changed particularly as set
forth with reference to and shewn in Figures 3 to 6 of the drawings.
6. The herein described improvement consisting of a baling or packing press
filling or charging box having a false or movablo bottom disposed above the lower
lashing or like plate for the purposes specified.
7. In a baling or packing press, a filling or charging box for receiving and
holding the material to be pressed, having at its lower part hinged or sliding doors
operating as described to form a false or temporary bottom to said box and
providing thereby a space between them and the lower lashing plate through which
the baling hoops or cloth (or hoops only) can be passed and arranged in position
whilst said box is being filled; substantially as heroin set forth with reference to the
drawings.
8. A packing or baling press having revolving filling boxes with movable false
or temporary bottoms in combination with automatically operating tappet
mechanism by which said bottoms are opened at the required time in their cycle of
operations: substantially as described.
9. A baling or packing press having boxes for receiving and holding the charges
to be pressed and false or temporary movable bottoms with the mechanisms for
operating the same, combined, constructed, and adapted to operate particularly as
set forth with reference to and shewn in Figures 7 to 9 and Figure 10, respectively
of the drawings.
10. A baling or packing press having revolving charging or filling boxes with a
platform (o) mounted in connection with the lower part of said revolving boxes
or box-framo or apparatus and adapted to revolve with same; whereby the
operations of introducing and manipulating the baling hoop and cloth (or hoop
only) may be performed whilst the boxes aro revolving as well as when the boxes
are being filled; substantially as described.
Dated thi 21 1
Octoba 1902
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON, Fels. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicants' Patent Agents.
"