An Improved Method of and Apparatus for Governing or Regulating Motors.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 12th, Nov., 1895-Accepted, 14th Dec., 1895
An Improved Method of and Apparatus for Governing or
Regulating Motors.
I, LARS AMUNDSEN ENGER, of Christiania, in the Kingdom of Norway,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :
My invention relates to a method of governing or regulating motors by means
of electricity this being effected by the valve for the supply of power being placed
in connection with an electric current produced by a dynamo driven from the
motor itself, in such a manner that the change of tension in the current acts by
means of suitable devices upon the supply valve so as to cause the latter to more
or less open to, or shut off, the supply of power, whereby the speed of the motor is
quickly and accurately regulated.
To enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe how it can be
carried out by reference to the accompanying drawing, in which
Figure 1 is an elevation of a suitable apparatus for governing or regulating
motors according to my invention':
Figure 2 is a side elevation of a part of the same.
A is an induction coil which is secured to a plate a and is magnetized by
conduction from a dynamo driven by the motor to be governed by my apparatus.
Within this coil is an iron cylindrical core or armature & movable up and down
and having its lower end fixed to a lever c. This lever oscillates at d upon a
bracket e fixed to the plate a, and the lever is balanced by an adjustable weight
and an insulated cup y containing mercury. Above the mercury are situated two
wires i, i secured by binding screws h,h, which by means of electric conductors j, j
are connected with two coils k, k secured to a suitable part of the motor.
It will be understood that as long as the mercury in the cup g is in contact with
the wires, the electric current will flow through the wires j,j, the core or
armature b in the coil A being constantly influenced by the magnetism in the coil.
If now the tension in the coil A exceed a given voltage the core or armature b
will be raised on account of the increased attraction of the coil 4 and the cup g
will be correspondingly lowered so that the mercury in the same will be withdrawn
from contact with the wires i, i; the current through the wires, j¨ will be
interrupted and the two induction coils k, kon the motor at the same moment cease
to be magnetized. The given point of tension before. roferred to at which the
core or armature is raised and the current interrupted is regulated by means of
the weight and the mercury in the cup.g.
Now this establishment and interruption of the electric current can, by means
of different devices suitable to different kinds of motors, be utilized to control the
apparatus for supplying power to the motor. In the accompanying drawing, for
example, I have illustrated a device, suitable for gas-engines, consisting of a bell-
crank or double-arin m³, m², pivoted at 1, the vertical armm being bifurcated as shewn
at Figure 2, and each end forming a fork n serving to guide a roller o, turning loosely
on a pin p uniting two arms 9, 9. Between the two pairs of arms 7, 9, 9, 9 rotates a
wheel provided with a cam or eccentric projection The arrangement is such
that when the arm m³ occupies the oblique position shown in Figure 1, that is to say,
when the motor is working at the normal rate of speed and the arm m' is attracted by
the coils h, k, the rotating eccentric will alternately press against the rollers o, o

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and oscillate the arms 7, 9 which finally act on the supply valve of the motor, so as
to open the gas conduit. When, however, the arm m³ is no longer attracted by the
coils k, k, (see the dotted lines in Figure 1) that is to say, when the motor has
increased its speed and the dynamo has thereby produced a higher tension in the
coil A and caused the latter to raise the core or armature b the loose rollers o, o
are by means of the forks n, n moved out of the path of the eccentric projection r¹
so that the latter will rotate without affecting the gas supplying device, s is n
spring for assisting the gravity of the arm m' to separate the latter from the
cuils k, k.
The reason why it is not of. advantage to employ au arrangement in which the
arm m is not influenced by the magnetism when the motor is working at a normal
speed, which perhaps would seem to be more rational, is the danger which there
would then be of the motor being injured as well as the conduits. For example in
the arrangement illustrated, when the coils k, kare not magnetised the motor will
800D automatically stop which will indicate that the apparatus is out of order. If
the arrangement was contrary to that described the motor would increase in speed
if the arm m' was not in due course attracted by the coils k, k.and the motor would
thereby be damaged.
It is evident however that the arrangement can if desired be contrary to that
described and illustrated and the same purpose thereby attained.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim-is:
1. The method of governing or regulating motors consisting in placing the device
for supplying power to the motor in connection with an electric-current, produce:
by the motor itself, in such a manner that the change of tension in the said eurrent
will by means of suitable devices act upon the supplying device and thereby
regulate the supply of power, substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. In apparatus for governing or regulating motors by means of the tension of
an electric current, the combination of a lever (c) having one arm balanced by the
weight (f) and a cup (9), containing mercury, the withdrawal of which mercury
from electrical contact causes the interruption of the electric current in a.con-
ductor (j, j,), an armature or core (b) being fixed to the other arm of the lever (c)
and more or
less attracted according to the degree of electric tousion, produced
by the motor itself in the induction coil (A), whereby the induction coils ; k
being periodically magnetized act upon the supplying device, substantially as set
"forth.
3. In apparatus for regulating gas-motors by means of the tension of an electric
current, the combination of a lever (c), having one arm balanced by the weight ()
and a cup (9), containing mercury the withdrawal of which mercury from electrical
contact causes the interruption of the electric current in a conductor (j,j) an
armature or core (b), being fixed to the other arm of the lever (c) and more or less
attracted according to the degree of electric tension produced by the motor itself
in the induction coil (A), whereby the induction coils (k, k) being periodically
i magnetized actuate an arm (m'), which by the attraction of the said coils brings
rollers (o) into working contact with an eccentric projection (7) on a wheel r
which projection when the motor is working at a normal rate of speed, acts on the
rollers (o) the arms (7) and the gas supply valve, the rollers (o) however being
moved out of working contact with the eccentric projection (r) when the armm ()
is not attracted by the coils (k, k) substantially as set forth.
;
i
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant
a