IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR STAMPING MINERALS, METALS, ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES, AND TEXTILE FABRICS AND FIBRES, PART OF WHICH IS APPLICABLE TO SPRINGS FOR. CARRIAGES POWER HAMMERS, AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Patterson, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim,
Ireland, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR
STAMPING MINERALS, METALS, ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES, AND
TEXTILE FABRICS AND FIBRES, PART OF WHICH IS APPLICABLE TO SPRINGS FOR.
CARRIAGES POWER HAMMERS, AND OTHER PURPOSES."
Sealed the 12th April 1876, and dated the 12th February 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Patterson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th February 1876.
"
JOHN PATTERSON, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim, Ireland, Gentleman.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR STAMPING MINERALS, METALS, ANIMAL AND
VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES, AND TEXTILE FABRICS AND FIBRES, PART OF WHICH IS
APPLICABLE TO SPRINGS FOR CARRIAGES, POWER HAMMERS, AND, OTHER PURPOSES."
In the stamping of ores there is much difficulty experienced owing to the
substances under operation when finely divided getting into the bushes or guides
of the stampers, and not only causing much increased friction, but wearing away
the said bushes or guides and stamp rods. To obviate this I have discovered that
by the use of levers I can dispense with the customary stamp rods and bushes or
guides, and while obviating the above defects effect a great saving of power.
The levers are suspended by means of flexible connections to springs moved by a
crank shaft, and described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to James
Willoughby, William Willoughby, Joseph Willoughby, and Samuel Willoughby, on
the 4th day of January 1871, No. 10.
But in lieu of the springs therein described consisting of two or more steel plates
I have discovered that by combining iron and steel in the manner herein-after set
forth an equally effective though a much lighter spring can be made possessed of
greater durability.
In manufacturing metal springs for carriages, power hammers, and other
purposes;
it is usual to combine two or more steel plates which are secured together
with a band or bridle. Springs so made are objectionable as the plates are liable to
break, and the friction of the plates together causes minute particles of metal to
escape which are very injurious when the springs are applied to the beetling
machines, for which Letters Patent were granted to me on the 27th day of February

page_text: 1871, No. 327, and also to similar machines for stamping, forging, or crushing
minerals, metals, animal and vegetable substances, and textile fabrics and fibres.
Now my Invention consists in making springs of a single blade of iron and steel
combined, I place a highly heated hollow iron tube or ingot in a melting pot or
other suitable vessel, and fill the hollow iron tube with "hard centre" or other
suitable steel in a molten state, the iron and steel are thus solidly united together
and the bar or ingot so formed can be forged into the shape required for making a
spring, the exterior portion of which being of iron will expand and contract as the
spring works without fracture, while the centre portion being of steel gives the
required elasticity.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Patterson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 2nd August
1876.
JOHN PATTERSON, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim, Ireland, Gentleman.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR STAMPING MINERALS, METALS, ANIMAL AND
VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES, AND TEXTILE FABRICS AND FIBRES, PART OF WHICH IS
APPLICABLE TO SPRINGS FOR CARRIAGES, POWER HAMMERS, AND OTHER PURPOSES."
In the stamping of minerals, metals, animal and vegetable substances, there is
much difficulty experienced owing to the substances under operation, when finely
divided getting into the bushes or guides of the stampers, and not only causing
much increased friction, but wearing away the said bushes or guides and stamp
rods, and in stamping or beetling textile fabrics and fibres, similar objections exist
but not to the same extent. To remedy this I find that by the use of vibrating
levers I can dispense with the customary stamp rods and bushes or guides, and
while obviating the above defects effect a great saving of power.
The vibrating levers are connected to springs actuated by a crank shaft as
described in the Specifications of Letters Patent granted to Alfred Vincent Newton,
on the 24th day of March 1866, No. 872, to myself on the 27th day of February
1871, No. 527, and to James Willoughby, William Willoughby, Joseph Willoughby,
and Samuel Willoughby, on the 4th day of January 1871, Number 16.
My present Invention consists,-
J.
First. In applying the vibrating levers above referred, to to various machines
for stamping minerals, metals, animal and vegetable substances, and textile fabrics
and fibres.
And, Secondly. In an improved mode of constructing springs applicable to
machines for stamping, to carriages, power hammers, and to other purposes.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into operation I will proceed to describe the accompanying two Sheets of
Drawings.
On Sheet 1 Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a machine for stamping minerals, metals,
and animal and vegetable substances, constructed according to my Invention ;
Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same; and Fig. 3 is a plan.
a, a, are the stampers which are connected to the levers b, b, by means of a
tape: shank or otherwise, the levers vibrate on the fulcrum shaft.c which is
supported at each end, and in the centre by bearings fixed to the foundation plate d,
as shewn in Fig. 3. The feeding trough i conveys the ore or other substances to
the anvil which is enclosed in the coffer j provided with a cover k, in which are
slots to allow the levers b to move up and down. The stampers are worked by the
crank shaft e, and each crank is connected by a bridle, and adjustable screw f to a
spring g, and the extremities of these springs are connected by the links to the
levers b.
I wish to observe here that I make no claim to the use of the spring and flexible

page_text: connections above described, as the same have before been used for various purposes
by myself and others.
When the machine is at work the stampers a act alternately on the ore or other
substances on the anvil and gradually stamp it, while a constant supply of water is
admitted to the coffer j to wash the finely pulverised particles through the grids in
the coffer. When minerals and metals are being operated upon the flashings are to
a great extent confined within the coffer, but that which escapes does very little
if any damage to the working parts of the machine; as the ordinary stamp rods;
bushes, and guides are dispensed with, and the fulcrum shaft c of the levers b is
removed beyond the influence of the flashings.
: .
On Sheet 2 Fig. 4 is a side view; Fig. 5, a section; and Fig. 6, a front elevation
of a.beetling machine constructed in the manner described in the Specification of
former Letters Patent granted to me in 1871, and before referred to; to which my
present improvements are applied.
À are the side standards to which are fixed pedestals supporting the shaft B
which is driven by steam or other power.. On this shaft are as many eccentrics as
there are stampers in the beetle; the eccentrics give motion to the stampers a by
means of bridles and rods which are secured into the sockets of the bridles by set
screws, the springs g fixed to the cuds of the rods fand the leather or other straps h
which pass through the stampers. The stampers a are made, by preference, of, a
cast-iron block fixed to the vibrating lever 6 mounted on the fulcrum shaft c. The
fabric to be beetled is wound on either of the beams m, n, or o, the axles of these
beams are supported in bearings in the discs which are keyed, on the central
axle supported in, bearings in the side standards. During the operation of
beetling the bean m is turned slowly round on its axis by a pulley on the driving
shaft B; this pulley drives the pulley q fixed to the same shaft as the worm q
gearing into the wheel on the same upright shaft as the worm gearing into the
wheel 8 which is fixed to the same shaft as the flanged pinion & gearing into the
wheel m keyed on the axle of the beam m. The lateral to-and fro motion is also
given to the beam m, during the operation of beetling by means of the diagonal
grooved hoss 8 fast to the flanged pinion s¹, the groove of the said boss fitting the
bowl or friction pulley u, the stud of which is free to revolve in a bracket fixed to
one of the side standards.
The mechanism for imparting a rotary and to-and-fro motion to the beam forms
no part of my present Invention.
The mode of operation is as follows:-The cloth to be beetled is now supposed to
be wound on the bean m, but before the operation commences the axle of this
beam is moved out of the bearings in the movable discs into the fixed bearings in
the standards A to ensure solidity, and so long as the driving strap is on the fast
pulley on the shaft B the stampers will act on the cloth. While the fabric is being
beetled on the beam m the fabric that has been beetled is unwound by any suitable
means off the beam n, and as fast as the cloth is unwound off this beam either the
same or other cloth is wound on the beam o. The discs are turned round in the
direction of the arrow by a worm gearing into the wheel 12, see Fig. 4, or otherwise,
but before turning the discs the attendant by turning the hand wheel v causes the
worm gearing into the wheel to turn the shaft partly round, thereby
causing the eccentrics to raise the upright rods to lift the axle of the beam m
out of its bearings in the standards A, as soon as the axle is lifted out of its bearings
the beam m is pushed towards the disc until the axle fits in the bearings on their
circumference.
The catches shown in Fig. 5 are to hold the stampers out of action when
required, as shewn in dots. In this improved beetling machine the stampers being
fixed to vibrating levers mounted on a fulcrum shaft removes the danger of
drops of oil falling on the fabric.
In manufacturing metal springs applicable to machines for stamping, to carriages,
power hammers, and to other purposes, it is usual to combine two or more steel
plates which are secured together by a band or bridle. Springs so made are

page_text: objectionable as the plates are liable to break, and the friction of the plates together
causes minute particles of metal to escape, which are injurious when the springs are
applied to the beetling machines, for which Letters Patent were granted to me on
the 27th day of February 1871, Number 527, before referred to, and also to similar
machines for stainping, forging, or crushing minerals, metals, animal and vegetable
substances, and textile fabrics and fibres.
Now my Invention consists in making springs of a single blade of iron and steel
combined. I place a highly heated hollow iron tube or ingot in a melting pot or
other suitable vessel, and fill the hollow iron tube with suitable steel in a molten
state; the iron and steel are thus solidly united together, and the bar or ingot so
formed can be forged into the shape required for making a spring, the exterior
portion of which-being of iron will expand and contract as the spring works without
fracture, while the centre portion being of steel gives the required elasticity; these
springs are much lighter and, more durable than those made in plates as heretofore.
Having thus stated the nature and particulars of my Invention, I declare that
I claim,-
First. The vibrating levers b fixed to the stampers a, and actuated by cranks,
springs, and flexible connections when applied to machines for stamping minerals,
metals, animal and vegetable substances, and textile fabrics and fibres, as shewn
and described in reference to Sheets 1 and 2.
+
And, Secondly. The improved mode of constructing springs as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Patterson, have hereto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of July, One thousand eight hundred and
JOHN PATTERSON. (L.S.)