IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR CONSUMING SMOKE
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Thomas Hughes, of the Firm of Hughes and
Son, Patent Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, for the Invention. of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR CONSUMING SMOKE."-A communication
from abroad by Napoléon Félix Boruko de Chodzko and Jean Louis
Lebeaux, of Paris.
Sealed the 27th June 1862, and dated the 13th March 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Thomas Hughes
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th March 1862.
I, EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent Agents,
123, Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR CONSUMING SMOKE," a communication
to me from abroad by Napoléon Félix Boruko de Chodzko and Jean Louis
Lebeaux, of Paris, to be as follows:-
2
The ordinary furnace is divided into two compartments lengthwise, an upper
and a lower one, each supplied with grate bars in the usual manner from the
front to the extreme back part, and with doors at the entrance of each com-
partment. The upper part is intended for feeding the fuel, and the lower for
raking the cinders or coke so as to allow them to fall into the lower com-
partment. When necessary openings are made in the brickwork of the
2. A

page_text: furnace to allow the air to pass, which expands in the flues, and a vault being
made in the interior of the furnace acts as a barrier to the overheated air
between the vault and the grate bars of the lower fire-place, which facilitates
the combustion of the smoke, forcing it to descend under the bridge, and pass
through the burning coke spread out upon the lower compartment. The fire
is lit on the upper grate, and when the coal is reduced into coke it is pushed
down by a rake or poker to fall on the lower grate bars, always reserving a
sufficient quantity of burning coke in the upper compartment to light the
fresh coal introduced. When the lower compartment is sufficiently supplied
with burning coke the smoke-consuming process is perfect.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Thomas Hughes in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 28th August 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent Agents, 123,
Chancery Lane, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Edward Thomas Hughes, Her special licence that I, the said Edward
Thomas Hughes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR CONSUMING SMOKE," a communication to me
from abroad by Napoléon Félix Böruko de Chodzko and Jean Louis
Lebeaux, of Paris, upon the condition (amongst others) that -1, the said
Edward Thomas Hughes, my executor's or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should'
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same 'to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: : NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention,. and in what manner. the sanie is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by tho
following statement (that is to say):—
The nature of this Invention, and the manner in which. the same may
be carried into effect, will be thoroughly understood. on reference to thọ
accompanying two Sheets of Drawings, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon.
Fig. 1, Sheet 1, represents a longitudinal section of the interior of a
furnace to which the smoke-consuming apparatus is applied; Fig..2 represents
an end elevation; Fig. 3 a sectional plan; and. Fig. 4 a vertical section of
same; Fig. 5, Sheet 2, represents a longitudinal section of the fire-grate, as
applied in the internal tube of a boiler with a metal tube over the lower
fire-grate to act as a deflector; Fig. 6 represents a cross section; Fig. 7 a
longitudinal section with deflector of fire-bricks or fire-lumps; and Fig. 8 a
cross section of same. a are the upper fire-grates or compartments; 6 the
lower fire-grates or compartments; c, the fire-bars; d, the lug, projection, or
hook of fire-bar; and e, the smoke or gas deflector. The furnace is divided
into upper, and lower fire-grates or compartments supplied with grate bars c,
and with fire-doors at the front of the upper and lower fire-grates or com-
partments respectively. The upper fire-grate a, Sheets 1 and 2, receives the
fuel in the usual manner, part of which fuel, when partially consumed, that
is to say, reduced to a state of coke, is pushed into the lower fire-grate b,
sufficient fuel being left on the upper grate a to ignite the fresh fuel, which
is now to be supplied, and when partially consumed part is again pushed on
to the lower grate b, the operation being repeated as often as necessary. The
fire-bars c forming the fire-grates a and b have lugs, projections, or hooks d
at one end, which are let into corresponding holes or grooves in the cross bars
or head plates, thus holding in place one end only of the fire-bar, the other
end being only supported gives perfect freedom for expansion or contraction
in the direction of its length. The smoke deflector e over the lower fire-grate
6 serves to deflect the gases or smoke as it passes from the upper grate a
on to the surface of the heated coke on the lower grate b, thus causing com-
bustion of the gas or smoke before passing into the flues. This deflector may
be composed of fire-bricks, fire-lumps, metal tubes, or hollow casings, which
tubes may be connected with the boiler so as to assist in generating the
steam or may be made simply to allow a current of air or water to flow
through.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and the manner

page_text: of performing the same, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondents
I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the details herein set
forth, as the same may be considerably. modified without departing from the
peculiar character thereof, but what I do claim is,
Firstly, the improvement in dividing the furnace into upper and lower fire-
grates or compartments.
• Secondly, the lugs, projections, or hooks at one end of the fire-bars to keep
them in their proper position.
Thirdly, the deflecter over the lower fire-grate to deflect the gases or smoke
on to the surface of the heated.coke.
Fourthly, the combination of dividing the furnace into upper and lower fire-
grates with the deflector over the lower fire-grate.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of August,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
EDWARD T. HUGHES. (L.S.)