IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR SIZING AND DRESSING YARNS, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR STARCHING ARD DRYING WOVEN GOODS
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Lancaster, of Accrington, in the County
of Lancaster, and Eugène Dollander, of Wilderstein, Alsace, in the
Empire of Germany, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR SIZING AND DRESSING YARNS, PART OF
WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR STARCHING ARD DRYING
WOVEN GOODS."
.
Sealed the 24th July 1874, and dated the 4th May 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Lancaster and
Eugène Dollander at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 4th May 1874.
We, WILLIAM LANCASTER, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster,
5 and EUGENE DOLLANDER, of Wilderstein, Alsace, in the Empire of
Germany, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR SIZING AND DRESSING YARNS,
PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR STARCHING AND DRYING
WOVEN GOODS," to be as follows:-

page_text: The improvements comISIS,
Firstly. In the employment of a second squeezing or cleaning roller
bearing upon the finishing roller in the "size box" of the sizing machine,
whereby the yarn is squeezed or cleaned twice upon the one finishing
roller.
Secondly. In an arrangement for lifting the revolving brush off the
surface of the yarn when necessary.
Thirdly. In passing the yarn slowly round revolving louvre or
Venetian lath cylinders, constructed as herein-after described.
In the
centre of each lath cylinder is a fixed steam cylinder, and a rapidly
driven fan revolves with its blades in the cavity between the fixed
internal steam cylinder and the outer revolving Venetian lath cylinder
which carries the yarn.
Fourthly. In applying the first driving power to the side shaft, and
by preference' near to the middle, or half way between the size box
roller and the delivery rollers. By this application all back lash or
springing of the side shaft is removed, and the rollers in the size box,
to which the shaft is attached or geared, being at one end of the side
shaft, and the draw rollers at the other end of the side shaft, con-
sequently the driving power being in the middle starts both sets of
rollers at one and the same time. The axle of the second squeezing
roller is carried in inclined slots in the side framing, and the roller rests
by its own weight upon the yarn as it passes over the finishing roller
and in front of the ordinary squeezing or cleaning roller. By thus
submitting the yarn to the action of two squeezing rollers instead of one
the yarn is much cleaner and better finished than heretofore. The
revolving brush is raised by means of a lever or handle fixed on a rod
extending across the machine and carrying at each end a loop or hook
passing under the axle of the said brush. The louvre or Venetian lath
cylinders are each formed of two end wheels connected together by a
series of acute angled longitudinal louvre blades or laths, so placed as
to form an open cylinder. Inside cach Venetian lath cylinder is fixed
a central steam cylinder, the inlet and outlet for the steam being through
a central neck at each end, upon which necks the end wheels of the
Venetian lath cylinders (and also of the frame) revolve. The fans are
composed of two end wheels united by a series of blades or vanes, which
run in the space between the internal fixed steam cylinder and the outer.

page_text: Venetian lath cylinder which carries the yarn, and the result is that the
air drawn in by the action of the fan becomes heated by its contact with
the steam cylinder and is driven outwards between the acute angled
louvre blades of the revolving Venetian lath cylinders, and passing
through the yarn carries off all moisture, and effects the drying of the
same. A series of four or any other convenient number of these Venetian
lath cylinders (each enclosing a fan and steam cylinder) is arranged in.
the machine, so that the yarn passes round them in succession till com.
pletely dried. The neck in the outlet end of the steam cylinder does
not open direct into the centre of the cylinder but leads into a passage
which extends downwards inside the end and opens near the lowest point
of the circumference, so that any condensed water that may accumulate
inside the cylinder will be forced out with the steam as soon as it rises
above the opening of this passage. I prefer to drive the machine by
means of variable speed pulleys, described in the Provisional Specifica-
tion annexed to a petition for Letters Patent bearing date December 8,
A. D. 1873, No. 4037, but it may be driven in any other convenient
manner.
Fifthly. The Invention consists in a new mode of contracting the
yarn from a broad to a narrow width for a stationary, reed of any
width; for instance, if three thousand ends or threads were occupying
a space of sixty inches on the drying apparatus, they were to be con-
tracted for running through a reed or comb of only thirty inches wide,
that is, to bring the threads so much closer together, and all propor-
tionately. For this purpose I place two clastic bands; tapes, or strips
of india-rubber in an expanded state between two bars, and clip the
threads or yarn with them, and allow the india-rubber bands to contract
or run together to the necessary width of any stationary reed or comb,
and then strike in the permanent reed.
Sixtlily. In a new arrangement of setting a reed or comb at an angle
by means of a horizontal swivel frame, in which the reed can be adjusted
by means of a screw or slide to suit any smaller width of beam than
itself.
Seventhly. Our Invention relates to a method of changing the speed
of the marking roller for registering various lengths of yarn. The
measuring roller shaft carries a swivelling bracket, in which the side
shaft revolves and swivels at one end, and the other end of the side

page_text: shaft runs in a swivelling bracket which is carried by the marker shaft,
so that the two shafts can be placed at any desirable angle, so as to use
a larger or smaller worm wheel at either end, as may be required to alter
the speed.
filed by the said William Lancaster and Eugène Dollander in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 4th November 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
LANCASTER, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster, and EUGÈNE
DOLLANDER, of Wilderstein, Alsace, in the Empire of Germany, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said William Lancaster and Eugène Dollander,
Her special license that we, the said William Lancaster and Eugène
Dollander, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
we, the said William Lancaster and Eugène Dollander, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR SIZING AND DRESSING YARNS, PART OF WHICH
IMPROVEMENTS IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR STARCHING AND DRYING WOVEN GOODS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said William
Lancaster and Eugène Dollander, our executors, or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our, or one of our, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Lancaster, (on behalf
of myself and the said Eugène Dollander,) do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say) :-
NOW
KNOW 1, that 1, the said wam Lancaster, (on benan
of myself and the said Eugène Dollander,) do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say) :—
In the annexed Drawing Fig. 1 is a side elevation; Fig. 2, a section;
and Fig. 3, a partial plan or horizontal section of a sizing and dressing
machine constructed according to our Invention.
The improvements consist,-
Firstly. In the employment of a second squeezing or cleaning
roller a, a, bearing upon the finishing roller b, b, in the size box c, c, of
the sizing machine, whereby the yarn is squeezed or cleaned twice upon
the one finishing roller.
Secondly. In an arrangement for lifting the revolving brush off the
surface of the yarn when necessary.
Thirdly. In passing the yarn slowly round revolving louvre or Venetian
lath cylinder d, d, constructed as herein-before described. In the centre
of each lath cylinder is a fixed steam cylinder e, e, and a rapidly driven
fanff, revolves with its blades in the cavity between the fixed internal
steam cylinder e, e, and the outer revolving Venetian lath cylinder d, d,
which carry the yarn.
.
Fourthly. In applying the first driving power by the pulleys g, g, to
the side shaft h, h, and by preference near to the middle, or half way
betwixt the size box roller b, b, and the delivery rollers i, i, see Fig. 1.
By this application all back lash or springing of the side shaft h, h, is
removed, and the rollers in the size box to which the shaft h, h, is geared
being at one end of the said shaft and the draw or delivery rollers i, i, at
the other end of the side shaft, consequently the driving power being in
the middle, start both sets of rollers at one and the same time. The
axle of the second squeezing roller a, a, is carried in inclined slots in
the side framing, as seen at Fig. 1, and the roller rests by its own
weight upon the yarn as it passes over the finishing roller b, b, and in
front of the ordinary squeezing or cleaning roller k, k. By thus sub-
mitting the yarn to the action of two squeezing rollers a and b instead
of one the yarn is much cleaner and better finished than heretofore.
The revolving brush 7, 7, is raised by means of a lever or handle m, m,
:

page_text: fixed on a rod n, n, extending across the machine and carrying at each end
a loop or hook o, o, passing under the axle of the said brush 1, 1. The
louvre or Venetian lath cylinders d, à, are each formed of two end
wheels connected together by a series of acute angled longitudinal
louvre blades or laths so placed as to form an open cylinder. Inside
cach Venetian lath cylinder is fixed a central steam cylinder e, e, the
inlet and outlet for the steam being through a central neck p, p, at cach
end, upon which necks the end wheels of the Venetian lath cylinders d, d,
(and also of the fan) revolve loosely. The fans f, f, are composed of
two end wheels or arms united by a series of rods f¹, f', to which are
attached blades or vanes f,f, which run in the space between the
internal fixed steam cylinder e, e, and the outer Venetian lath cylinder
d, d, which carries the yarn, and the result is that the air drawn in by
the action of the fan f, f, becomes heated by its contact with the steam
cylinder e, e, and is driven outwards between the acute angled louvre
blades of the revolving Venetian lath cylinders d, d, and passing through
the yarn carries off all moisture and effects the drying of the same.
The vanes ff, can be at any angle on the rod f¹, f¹, and also moved
longitudinally thereon nearer together or further apart as may be
required. A series of four or any other convenient number of the
Venetian lath cylinders (each enclosing a fan and steam cylinder) is
arranged in the machine, so that the yarn passes round them in
succession till completely dried. The neck p in the outlet end of the
steam cylinder does not open direct into the centre of the cylinder but
leads into a passage or a tube q, q, which extends downwards inside the
end and opens near the lowest point of the circumference of the
cylinder, as shown in the detached sectional view, Fig. 4, so that any
condensed water that may accumulate inside the cylinder will be forced
out with the steam as soon as it rises above the opening of this passage
or tube q, q. We prefer to drive the machine by means of variable
speed pulleys, as described in the Specification of Letters Patent, and
bearing date December 8th 1873, No. 4037, but it may be driven in any
other convenient manner.
The Invention consists, fifthly, in a new mode of contracting the
yarn from a broad to a narrow width for a stationary reed of any width.
For instance, if three thousand ends or threads were occupying a space
of sixty inches in the drying apparatus, and after leaving the drying
apparatus they were to be constructed for running through a comb of

page_text: only thirty inches wide, that is, to bring the threads so much closer
together, and all proportionately. For this purpose we place two elastic.
bands, tapes, or strips of india-rubber in an expanded state between two
bars, and clip the threads or yarn with them, and allow the india-
rubber bands to contract or run together to the necessary width of any
stationary reed or comb, we then strike in the permanent reed.
Sixthly. In a new arrangement (shown detached at Fig. 5) of setting
a reed or comb r, r, at an angle by means of a horizontal swivel
frame s, 8, in which the reed can be adjusted by means of a screw t, t,
and curved slide u, u, to suit any smaller width of beam than itself, as
shown by the dotted lines.
Seventhly. Our Invention relates to a method of changing the speed.
of the marking roller for registering various lengths of yarn, as shown
detached at Fig. 6. The measuring roller shaft v, v, carries a swivelling
bracket w, w, in which the side shaft shaft x, x, revolves or swivels at
one end, and the other end of the side shaft x, x, runs in swivelling
bracket y, y, which is carried by the marker shaft z, z, so that the two
shafts can be placed at any desirable angle so as to use a larger or
smaller worm wheel at either end as may be required to alter the
speed.
Having now described the nature and object of our said Invention,
together with the manner in which the same is to be or may be per-
formed or carried into practical effect, we wish it to be understood that
we claim as our Invention,-
Firstly. The employment in such machines of a second squeezing
roller bearing upon the finishing roller in the size box, as described.
Secondly. The arrangement shown and described for lifting the
revolving brush off the surface of the yarn when necessary.
Thirdly. The combination of the revolving louvre or Venetian lath
cylinders with the internal fixed steam cylinder, and the fan revolving
in the space between the two.
Fourthly. Mounting the fan blades upon rods so that they can be
shifted laterally and also swivelled to any angle required.
Fifthly. Fixing the main driving pulleys at or near the centre of the
side shaft for the purpose above described.

page_text: Sixthly. The use of elastic bands or tapes for contracting the yarn to
a reed of less width.
Seventhly. Mounting the reed'in a swivelling frame so that it can
be set to any required angle for the same purpose.
And, Eighthly. Mounting the side shaft of the marking apparatus 5
in swivelling brackets so that the two shafts may be placed at any
desirable angle, so as to use a larger or smaller worm wheel at either
end, as may be required to alter the speed.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Lancaster (on behalf of
myself and the said Eugène Dollander), have hereunto set my 10
hand and seal, this Second day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
Q