IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF VENTILATING ROOMS AND BUILDINGS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR THE SAME
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Joseph Parkes, of London Street, Paddington,
in the County of Middlesex, Gas Engineer, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF VENTILATING ROOMS AND BUILDINGS, AND IN
APPARATUS FOR THE SAME."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Joseph Parkes at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th November 1867.
I, JOHN JOSEPH PARKES, of London Street, Paddington, in the County of
Middlesex, Gas Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF VENTILATING ROOMS AND BUILDINGS, AND IN
APPARATUS FOR THE SAME," to be as follows:-
My improvements in ventilation are chiefly applicable to such houses or
buildings as are provided with a circulation of hot water.
In carrying out my Invention I enclose a tube or series of tubes in a
casing forming an air space, and placed above the chamber to be ventilated,
said tube or series of tubes being heated by the hot water circulating through
them. The casing is placed in communication with the chamber to be
ventilated by means of a tube terminating in a grating placed in the wall of
the chamber. The upper end of the outer casing is connected with a pipe
leading out into the open air, where it is surmounted by a cowl. The
rarefaction of the air.surrounding the heated tube or tubes, and contained in

page_text: the tube casing, causes it to ascend and escape into the open air by means of
the pipe and cowl above mentioned, thus forming a partial vacuum in the
pipe below said heated tubes, the air in the chamber being drawn off through
the grating to supply its place, thus effecting a continual ventilation of the
chamber so long as the tubes are kept heated. If a series of tubes are
employed I prefer to keep them apart from one another, so as to obtain
greater heating surface and connect them together at either extremity in
hollow chambers, the hot water entering at one chamber, passing through the
tubes, and out at the other, thereby heating the air surrounding said tubes
and ventilating the chamber as before described. The grating placed in the
wall of the chamber has a grated sliding back as usual for closing it. In
order to maintain it in an open position 1 mount a weighted lever arm on a
pivot passing through the front plate of the grating, a projection on the back
or movable plate taking into an inclined slot made in the weighted lever arm,
the gravity of said arm keeping the grating in the desired position by means
of the slot and projection above mentioned. The grating can be closed when
desired by means of another lever arm fixed in front of the grating to the
pivot before mentioned, to which a hand cord is attached.
In applying this system I may either provide a separate series of heated
tubes for the ventilation of each room, one series on each storey, or the whole
of said heated.tubes and casings may be assembled together in the upper part
of the house, or one series of heated tubes may be placed at the top of the
house for the ventilation of all the rooms.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Joseph Parkes in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
29th May 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME; I, JOHN
JOSEPH PARKES, of London Street, Paddingtou, in the County of Middlesex,
Gas Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
ine, the said John Joseph Parkes, Fler special licence that I, the said John
Joseph Parkes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said John Joseph Parkes, my executors, administrators, and assigns,

page_text: should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF VENTILATING ROOMS AND BUILDINGS, AND IN
APPARATUS FOR THE SAME," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said John Joseph Parkes, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what.
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the.
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately.
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Joseph Parkes, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what, manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed,.
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
My improvements in ventilation are chiefly applicable, to such houses or
buildings as are provided with a circulation of hot water..
:
In carrying out my Invention I enclose a tube or series of tubes in a
casing forming an air space, and placed above the chamber to be ventilated,
said tube or series of tubes being heated by the hot water circulating through
them. The casing is placed in communication with the chamber to be,
ventilated by means of a tube terminating in a grating placed in the wall of.
the chamber... The upper end of the outer casing is connected with a pipe
leading. out into the open air where it is surmounted by a cowl.. The
rarefaction of the air surrounding the heated tube or tubes, and contained in
the outer casing, causes the air to ascend and escape into the atmosphere by
means of the pipe and cowl above mentioned, thus forming a partial vacuum:
in the pipe below said heated tubes, the air in the chamber being drawn off
through the grating to supply its place, thus effecting a continual ventilatiou
of the chamber so long as the tubes are kept heated. If a series of tubes are;
employed I prefer to keep them apart from one another; so as to obtain
greater heating surface, and to connect them together at either extremity in
hollow chambers, the hot water entering at one chamber passes through the
tubes and out at the other, so as to heat the air surrounding said tubes and
ventilate the chamber as before described. The grating placed in the wall of
the chamber has a grated sliding back as usual, for closing it. In order to.
maintain it in an open position I mount a weighted. lever arm
on a pivot

page_text: passing through the front plate of the grating; a projection on the back or
movable plate takes into an inclined slot made in the weighted lever arm, the
gravity of said arm keeping the grating in the desired position by means of
the slot and projection above mentioned. The grating can be closed when
required by means of another lever arm fixed in front of the grating to the
pivot above mentioned, to which a hand cord is attached.
In applying this system I may either provide a separate series of heating
tubes for the ventilation of each room, one series on each storey, or the whole
of said heating tubes and casing may be assembled together in the upper part
of the house, or one series of heating tubes may be placed at the top of the
house for the ventilation of all the rooms.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figuré I of the Drawing is a sectional view of my improved apparatus to
be placed in one of the upper chambers of a house or other building provided.
with a circulation of hot water; Figure 2 shows on an enlarged scale a hori-
zontal section of the same taken on line 1, 2, Figure 1.
a, a, are a series of tubes connected together at either extremity by hollow
chambers b, 6, and enclosed in a casing c forming an air space d, the whole"
being placed above the chamber to be ventilated. Said.tubes a are heated by
hot water circulating through them in the usual way; the water enters
chamber by pipe e, whence it passes through the tubes and out at return.
pipe f. The casing c is placed in communication with the chamber or room A.
to be ventilated by means of a tube 9 terminating in a grating / placed in the
wall of the chamber A. The upper end of the outer casing c is connected
with a pipe leading into the open air where it is surmounted by a cowl. The
rarefaction of the air in space d surrounding the heated tubes a causes the air
to ascend and escape into the atmosphere by means of the pipe i and cowl
above mentioned, thus forming a partial vacuum in the pipe g below said heated
tubes a, the air in the chamber A being drawn-off through the grating h to
supply its place, thus effecting a continual ventilation of the chamber A, so long
as the tubes a are kept heated. I prefer to keep the tubes a apart from one
another so as to obtain greater heating surface by passing them through holes
in rings or discs j suitably disposed thereon. Instead of grouping together a
number of small heating tubes in the manner described, a single tube of large.
diameter may be used for the same purpose. The ventilator / placed in the
wall of the chamber A has a grated sliding back k as usual for closing it, aš
shown on an enlarged scale in Figure 3. In order to maintain the grating
in. an open position I mount a weighted lever arm 7 on a pivot passing through

page_text: the front plate h of the grating. A projection n on the back or moveable
plate k takes into an inclined slot o made in the weighted lever arm 7, the
gravity of said arm keeping the grating in the desired position by means of
the slot o and projection n above mentioned. On the pivot of the weighted
lever arm and in front of the grating I mount a second lever arm p, to which
a pull cord t is attached, by acting on which the weighted lever is raised
causing the sliding back k to traverse in the required direction for closing the
ventilating openings, as shown in dotted lines in Figure 3, by the aid of
projection n and slot o. By modifying the arrangement of the weighted lever
arm the grating may if required be placed in the ceiling of the apartment to
be ventilated instead of in the wall as described.
Having described the nature of my Invention and the manner of per-
forming the same, I declare that what I claim as my Invention to be
protected by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
Adapting or applying hot water circulation apparatus for the ventilation of
rooms and buildings, substantially in the manner described.
I also claim the apparatus herein described, arranged, and applied in the .
manner and for the purposes described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Joseph Parkes, have hereunto set
my band and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of May, in the
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
year of our
J. J. PARKES. (L.S.)