Year: 1899

page_text: We, GEORGE GUMMER and WILLIAM GUEST GUMMER, both of the Effingham
Brass Works, Rotherham, in the County of York, Brass Founders, do hereby
declare the nature of our invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to the class of valves, cocks, or taps, hereinafter referred
to as a tap, which are supplied with hot and cold water fittings for baths, lava-
tory basins, and the like purposes, and is particularly applicable for use in
asylums, hospitals, public baths, schools and similar institutions.
The object of our invention is to provide the means whereby a patient or other
person may be prevented from being scalded, when taking a bath, by the sudden
flow of hot water.
We effect this by constructing a combined tap for both hot and cold water,
the valves of which being so arranged that either cold, tepid, or hot water can
be caused to flow at the will of the operator, but the hot water cannot possibly
be caused to flow first.
The body of our improved tap we construct in two parts comprising an upper
and a lower chamber. The upper or outlet chamber we provide with a plate or
piston which is actuated vertically or horizontally, as required according to the
type of tap it is applied to, by a centrally placed spindle, such spindle being
provided with a quick threaded screw fitting into a nut either into the piston
plate or in the cup or cover of the said upper chamber. The lower or inlet
chamber is divided into two separate parts by a vertical division, so that one of
these divisions can be used for the cold water inlet and the other for the hot
water inlet, each independent from the other, so far as the inward flow of the water
is concerned. Between each of these separate divisions in the lower chamber
and the cavity of the upper chamber we provide orifices fitted with seats for
the reception of suitably formed valves. The valves are attached to and sus-
pended from the underside of the piston plate, previously referred to, and are
each in the shape of an inverted cone so fitted and formed as to fit into or
onto their seats from the underside. The valve which regulates the flow of the
hot water enters its seat first, as the stalk of the valve is made to fit into the
seat, so that it enters and fills up the valve orifice some time before the face of
the valve is brought tight on to its seat. The cold water valve not being so
formed does not come onto its face until some time after the hot water valve has
been closed in the manner just described, so that by screwing down the spindle
to open the valves it follows that the inverse operation takes place and although
hoth valves leave their respective faces at the same instant, the cold water valve
is opened for the flow of water the moment it moves off its face, whereas the

page_text: hot water cannot flow when its valve leaves its seat because a portion of the
stalk of the valve fills up the orifice and this portion of the stalk is made long
enough not to leave the orifice until the cold water valve has been well or fully
opened, so that when the valve spindle has been screwed down sufficiently to
move the stalk of the hot water valve clear of the orifice, the hot water which
then commences to flow is combined, in the upper chamber of the valve, with
the cold water which is already flowing, tepid water being the result. The
bottom of the cold water division of the bottom chamber is further provided
with a valve seat on or in the end of the inlet pipe which is made to enter this
chamber in line and concentric with the first named cold water valve, which is
provided with two faces one on its upper side as already described and one on its
lower or under side, so that on the spindle of the valve being sufficiently
depressed after the hot water valve has been fully opened, the bottom face of the
cold water valve is then forced down on to the seat on the inlet pipe and the flow
of cold water then ceases, whereupon hot water only will 'flow into the bath. It
will thus be seen that the flow of water can be regulated very gradually com-
mencing with cold.
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Our improved valve, being a screw down valve prevents concussion, requires
no springs, is easy to control and can be as readily examined, and repaired, as
an ordinary bath tap.
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We, GEORGE GUMMER and WILLIAM GUEST GUMMER, both of the Effingham
Brass Works, Rotherham, in the County of York, Brass Founders, do hereby
declare the nature of our said invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Our invention relates to the class of valves, cocks, or taps, hereinafter referred
to as a tap, which are supplied with hot and cold water fittings for baths, lava-
tory basins, and the like purposes, and is particularly applicable for use in
asylums, hospitals, public baths, schools and similar institutions.
The object of our invention is to provide the means whereby a patient or other
person may be prevented from being scalded when taking a bath, by the sudden
flow of hot water.
The nature of our invention will be better understood on reference to the
accompanying sheet of drawings in which,
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of one of our improved combined taps.
Fig. 2, being a side elevation of the same.
Fig. 3, being a full sectional elevation, the cold water. valve being shut and '
the hot water valve open.
Fig. 4, is a sectional view shewing both the valves closed.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view shewing the cold water valve open and the hot
water valve closed..
Fig. 6, is a plan of the lower inlet chamber taken on the line A, B, Fig. 3.
The same letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
84.9

page_text: We effect the object of our invention by constructing a combined tap for both
hot and cold water, the valves of which being so arranged that either cold, tepid,
or hot water can be caused' to flow at the will of the operator, but the hot water
cannot possibly be caused to flow first.
The body of our improved tap we construct in two parts, comprising an upper
and a lower chamber, a, and 6. The upper or outlet chamber, a, we construct
with a plate or piston, c, which is actuated vertically or horizontally as required
according to the type of tap it is applied to, by a centrally placed spindle, d,
such spindle being provided with a quick threaded screw, e, fitting into a, nut, f,
secured either into the piston plate, c, or in the cup or cover of the said upper
chamber. The lower or inlet chamber, b, is divided into two separate parts by a
vertical division, g, so that one of these divisions, h, can be used for the cold
water inlet and the other division, i, for the hot water inlet, each independent
from the other, so far as the inward flow of the water is concerned. Between
each of these separate divisions in the lower chamber b, and the cavity of the
upper chamber, a, we provide orifices fitted with seats for the reception of suit-
ably formed valves, and k. The valves are attached to and suspended from
the underside of the piston plate, c, previously referred to, and are so fitted and
formed as to fit into or onto their seats from the underside. The valve, j, which
regulates the flow of the hot water enters its seat first, as an enlarged part j, of the
stalk of the valve is made to fit into the seat, so that it enters and fills up the
valve orifice some time before the face of the valve is brought tight on to its seat.
The cold water valve, k, not being so formed does not come onto its face until
some time after the hot water valve has been closed in the manner just described,
so that by screwing down the spindle, d, to open the valves it follows that the
inverse operation takes place and although both valves leave their respective faces
at the same instant, the cold water valve is opened for the flow of water the
moment it moves off its face whereas the hot water cannot flow when its valve leaves
its seat because a portion of the stalk of the valve fills up the orifice and this portion
of the stalk is made long enough not to leave the orifice until the cold water
valve has been well or fully opened as is shewn in Fig. 5, so that when the valve
spindle has been screwed down sufficiently to move the stalk of the hot water
valve clear of the orifice, the hot water which then commences to flow is com-
bined, in the upper chamber of the valve, with the cold water which is already
flowing, tepid water being the result. The bottom of the cold water division of
the bottom chamber is further provided with a valve seat on or in the end of the
inlet pipe, 1, which is made to enter this chamber in line and concentric with
the first named cold water valve, k, which is provided with two faces one on its
upper side as already described and one on its lower or under side, so that on the
spindle of the valve being sufficiently depressed after the hot water valve has
been fully opened, the bottom face of the cold water valve is then forced down
onto the seat on the inlet pipe, 1, and the flow of cold water then ceases, where-
upon hot water only will flow into the bath through the inlet pipe, m, as is
shewn in Fig. 3. It will thus be seen that the flow of water can be regulated
very gradually, commencing with cold.
Our improved valve, being a screw down valve prevents concussion, requires
no springs, is easy to control and can be as readily examined and repaired as an
ordinary bath tap.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. In a combined tap for both hot and cold water, the arrangement and com-
bination of parts and appliances, by means of which the valves of such combined
lap are so arranged that either cold water only, tepid water only, or hot water
only, can be caused to flow at the will of the operator; but in such a manner
that when first turning on the tap, cold water only will flow on further opening

page_text: the tap a mixture of cold and hot water will flow, such mixture gradually increas-
ing in heat as the tap is further opened until the cold water inlet is closed and
hot water only flows; in the manner and for the purposes substantially as herein
described and illustrated on the accompanying sheet of drawings.
Dated this 20th day of June 1900
R. HEBER RADFORD,
Agent for the Applicants.