A NEW PROCESS OF CHROMO-LITHOGRAPHIC PAINTING ON GLASS, PORCELAIN, CLAYS, LAVA, AND OTHER MATERIALS SUSCEPTIBLE OF VITRIFACTION, AND ON ALL METALS AND METALLIC COMPOUNDS CAPABLE OF RECEIVING AN ENAMELLED SURFACE
Year: 1856

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by J. Felix Pruss Jablonowski at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th February 1856.
I, FELIX PRUSS JABLONOWSKI, of the City of Brussels, in the Kingdom of
Belgium, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW
PROCESS OF CHROMO-LITHOGRAPHIC PAINTING ON GLASS, PORCELAIN, CLAYS, LAVA,
AND OTHER MATERIALS SUSCEPTIBLE OF VITRIFACTION, AND ON ALL METALS AND
METALLIC COMPOUNDS CAPABLE OF RECEIVING AN ENAMELLED SURFACE," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to a new process, by the aid of which printing in black
and chromo-litho can be effected upon glass, porcelain, lava, delf ware, and all
burnt clays or potters earth. This process is conducted in the following manner:―
I first prepare a negative paper, and compose a paste of one or more of the
matters hereafter enumerated, all soluble either in cold or hot water. When
these ingredients are completely dissolved, the mixture is passed through a
linen filter the proportions of the ingredients may be varied, nevertheless
the paste should be sufficiently mucilaginous. I spread upon the paper this
first preparation and leave it until perfectly dry; I then plaster the paper over
with a second preparation, composed of one or more of the matters hereafter
enumerated, soluble in oil, turpentine, or alcohol, either with heat or cold..

page_text: ⋅
I also employ oil only to make it boil, boiling it until it has attained the proper
degree of viscosity or clamminess. The above preparation is left until com-
pletely dry.
Mode of preparing stones and plates of steel, copper, zinc, or other metal,
suitable for printing from.-I execute the drawing in black, upon four different
stones or plates, as follows: first, that reserved for strokes, made with a pen
and lithographic ink; second, that destined for the shadows or tints, drawn
with lithographic crayons; third, that used 'for shadows, put on with a brush
and lithographic ink; fourth, that reserved exclusively for the "lights." Each
of these stones or plates is at once plastered with a stratum of the following
composition, namely, gum copal 5 parts; gallipot or white resin, 5 parts;
fatty oils, 2 parts; turpentine, 2 parts. The above mixture when spread on
the stone or plate is left to dry. I afterwards execute the light strokes by
means of a fine dry point (as a graver) those parts of the drawing which
represent.the hair, the beard,. the lights, and the "chiaro obscuro,"
The plates or stones, prepared as above are then inked, and the drawing
printed on the negative paper, above mentioned; the above impressious are
then left for several days for them to become perfectly dry; I then take the
objects which are to be ornamented by drawing upon and plaster them
copiously with the following preparation, namely, gallipot, 3.parts; turpentine,
7 parts. The negative drawing is changed to a positive drawing as follows:-
I wet with hot or cold water the verso of the impression taken upon paper,
The first pre-
and spread it upon a surface previously wetted with water.
paration which the paper has undergoue begins to dissolve, whilst the second
preparation remains unaltered. When the impression is sufficiently wetted, it
is spread, face downwards, upon the object or material which it is desired to
ornament, and which has already been prepared in the manner set forth.
A roller is then passed over the impression, with a slight pressure, to ensure
more perfect spreading and adaptation of the impression; and having done
this, I pass over it a sponge soaked in hot water. I afterwards lift the paper,
which then leaves the second preparation with the drawing thereon, and this is
transferred to the object to be ornamented. This last should afterwards be
well washed, seeing that a certain part of the preparation with which the paper
has. been subjected to adheres thereto, and whereas besides its mucillage it
contains gummy and resinous parts, the presence of which would make the
design crack.
The operation of transferring being completed, the object to be ornamented
is left to dry naturally for several days, and then dried at a stove to evaporate
the oils and spirit employed. The putting on of the color is effected in the

page_text: same manner. I then proceed to the composition of the oil, which I call
printing oil, with which the vitrificable colors are mixed; I then put into an
iron pan some oil from fresh nuts with a few crusts of burnt bread; the pan is
then placed over a brisk fire, and the oil heated until it has reached a tempera-
ture at which it will inflame; the pan is then covered immediately to exclude
the atmospheric air from the interior thereof. To bring the oil to a convenient
and proper state, the process must be continued until the oil takes fire five or
six times in succession. As to the enamels or vitrificable colors, care must
be taken that their combination of silica and of lead are in accordance with the
matters employed in the preparation of the paper, seeing that the said matters
always contain carbonate of lime, thus rendering the enamels less fusible.
Instead of the negative paper, above mentioned, cloth, silk, and other stuffs,
easily impregnated with water, may be employed. A composition of cold
turpentine or alcohol may be used with advantage instead of the first above-
mentioned preparation, and a similar composition soluble by heat. The second
preparation is used after the same manner. The plates or stones employed for
putting in the color are each reserved for a particular tint. As matters
soluble in cold or hot water, I employ for the first preparation of the negative
paper, &c. any of the natural or artificial gums capable of being dissolved, as
well as natural or artificial gummy, glutinous, or mucilaginous bodies, in what-
ever manner obtained. As matters soluble in spirit (alcohol) and in oils
employed in the second preparation of paper, the stones, &c., I indiscrimi-
nately use all gums, resins, mastics, and similar bodies or substances capable of
being dissolved by spirit (alcohol essences, and oils, reserving for my final
Specification the names of the above matters.