Improvements in Machines for Winding Yarn or Thread.
Year: 1888

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Winding Yarn or Thread.
I JAMES YATE JOHNSON of 47-Lincolns Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this Invention which has been communicated
to me from abroad by Quinquarlet Valton & fils of Troyes in the Republic of
France Manufacturers and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention of improvements in machines for winding yarn or thread relates to
an improved building motion or arrangement of mechanism for progressively
displacing the thread guides operated by the main or heart cam, this dis-
placement being effected by shifting the cam bodily in a line situated in a plane
perpendicular to its axis of rotation. Machines constructed according to this invention
are also provided with an improved detector and stop motion capable of stopping any
one of the spindles when the corresponding thread happens to break.
The displacement of the thread guides or building motion requires to be regulated
in accordance with the No. or thickness of the united threads or yarns and has
heretofore been obtained by the employment of flexible parts, pitch chains, belts etc..
coiled with more or less precision upon a barrel or the like selected from a certain
series so that its diameter corresponds approximately with the No. of the united
threads. Some makers have employed long cams extending in a conical shape the
extremity of the rod or arm operating the thread guide being displaced according to
the generating line of the cone or vice versa. The construction of these machines is
too costly to admit of their coming into general use. Others have sought to obtain
the desired result by various contrivances applied to the moving part having a constant
stroke that is to say on the lever arm or rod operated directly by the cam.
example a ratchet with a spiral groove engaging with the lower end of the rod or the
free end of the arm operating the thread guide or an extensible arm composed of a
For

page_text: long screw and a nut worked by a ratchet or again a connecting rod with a rack
arrangement worked by gearing receiving motion from an endless screw which is
operated by a ratchet driver worked by a fixed but adjustable stop all this mechanism
being carried by the reciprocating part. All these arrangements involve either the
changing of certain parts according to the No. of the united threads or the employment
of parts which do not act with perfect precision. Some are too complicated and too
delicate to work well in practice. Many makers employ a ratchet which being
rotated to the extent of a varying number of teeth is enabled to accelerate or retard
the motion of the thread guides. Now a ratchet, by the very nature of its construction
is unfitted for this work unless provided with very fine teeth which involve an incon-
veniently large diameter and wear out rapidly. Moreover a ratchet is insufficient
owing to the impossibility of varying or reducing the circumferential or angular
displacement of the shaft on which it is fixed to a less amount than one of its teeth or
divisions so that it is incapable of displacing the stroke of the thread guides to an extent
exactly corresponding to the No. of the threads.
To remedy this a mechanical arrangement hereinafter described with reference to
Figure 2 is employed according to this invention in substitution for the ratchet.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood I shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to the several
figures on the annexed two sheets of drawings the same letters of reference indicating
corresponding parts in all the corresponding figures.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents a side elevation of a winding
machine provided with the improved building motion according to this Invention and
Fgure 2 illustrates the mechanism herein before referred to acting in place of a ratchet.
The shaft I of the drum or tin roller J shown on the right hand side of Figure 1
being driven directly from the driving pulley is provided at one extremity as shown
in the drawing with a pinion I transmitting motion through a train of gearing H G F
to a wheel E on a shaft carrying a heart cam D. The gear wheels E and F and cam D
are carried by an arm M centred on a stud O rigidly fixed to the side frame, the said
arm being supported at one end on the pin or stud O on which the wheel H also
rotates and at the other end by an endless screw L on a shaft which may be
considered as a fixture.
The cam D being caused to rotate acts upon a bowl on the lower end of a curved
two armed lever (and thus transmits an irregular vertical reciprocating motion
through a rod B to an arm A carrying all the thread guides, one only of these guides
being represented at Y. To explain this transmission of motion it is necessary to
observe that the centre O is a mere stud or fixed pin upon which the wheels H and G
and the two armed lever C are free to rotate or oscillate.
The gradual displacement of the constant stroke of the thread guides produced by
the rotation of the heart canı D is effected as follows.
The wheels E and F and the cam D are all carried by the arm M which is capable
of oscillating on the centre of the wheel H and has a slow motion imparted to it
as hereinafter described. On the shaft 6 carrying the screw L which maintains or
supports the lower extremity of the arm M there is placed a ratchet N or more correctly
speaking an apparatus acting as a ratchet being hereinafter described in detail with
reference to Figure 2. The left hand extremity of a hent lever Q centred at G¹
Figure 1, acts upon an arm d Figure 2 marked T in Figure 1 which causes the endless
screw L to rotate to a certain extent at each upward stroke of this arm of the lever Q.
The screw L being in gear with teeth Z on the lower end of the arm M is thus enabled
to displace the said arm laterally and with it the heart cam D in a line concentric
with the centre O on which the arm M is suspended this line being in a plane
perpendicular to the axis of the said cam.
This displacement of the cam is sufficient to change the position of the stroke of the
thread guides to the extent required. The oscillations of the lever Q are produced at
each revolution of the cam by the action of a stud or wiper S on the cam D the said
stud being brought in contact with the upper curved edge of a plate P at each revo-
lution of the cam. This plate is adjustably connected to the lever Q being centred on

page_text: the axis G² of the lever at one end and being provided at the other end with a slot V
engaging with a screw V' fixed to the lever.
When the plate P is in its lowest position as shown in the drawing with the pin or
screw V in the upper end of the slot V the upper curved edge of the plate is truly
concentric with the centre on which the arm M carrying the cam oscillates and is out
of the path of the wiper or pin S. Under these conditions there is no displacement
of the stroke or building motion of the thread guides. To displace the stroke of the
said guides and regulate the speed of this displacement according to the No. of the
threads, the plate P is shifted relatively to the lever Q and secured in a suitable
position by means of the screw V' which slides in the slot V.
In consequence partly of the coincidence of the centres of oscillation of the lever Q
and of the plate P both of these parts being centred at G¹ and partly of the concen-
tricity of the curve of the upper edge of the plate P (when in its lowest position)
with the line or are described by the cam D on the centre Othe amplitude of the
oscillations of the lever Q remains constant for any position of the plate P notwith-
standing the gradual shortening of the lever on which the pin S is caused to act the
said shortening being the consequence of the lateral displacement of the cam D which
brings the pin S gradually nearer to the centre G¹.
Figure 2 is a front elevation and a section of mechanism employed with advantage
according to this invention in place of a wheel and ratchet motion being capable of
enabling the angular displacement of the shaft on which it is fixed to be regulated
with great nicety in order to adjust the rate of speed at which the thread guides are
displaced in exact proportion to the Nos. of the threads united in the winding
machine.
In figure 2 the axis or shaft of the endless screw (L, figure 1) is indicated at b.
a is a ring made perfectly circular and smooth fixed on the axis & and c is a circular
box enclosing the ring a and capable of turning freely on the axis b. This box is
provided with an arm d (marked T in figure 1.)
e and e¹ are two small tappets or pawl plates made slightly longer than the difference
between the outer diameter of the ring a and the inner diameter of the box c. These
plates are connected to the box c by notches and small projections and are retained
in position by springs e which cause the plates e e¹ to press with their inner ends
upon the circumference of the ring a. Under these conditions, when the arm dis
depressed the plates e and e' being carried round with the box c slide over the surface
of the ring a, but if on the contrary the arm d be raised or moved in the opposite
direction the plates e e¹ bind or jam between the ring and the box and compel the
ring and the shaft or axis b to rotate with the box c.
This arrangement enables the screw L to be moved through any desired fraction
of a revolution at each stroke or oscillation of the lever Q the amplitude of these
oscillations being regulated by adjusting the plate P. Thus the displacement of the
thread guides being dependent on the displacement of the heart cam in a plain
perpendicular to its axis can be caused to take place at any desired speed.
The improved stop motion and detector hereinbefore referred to is arranged in
the usual position at K, figure 1, and is illustrated in detail in figures 3 and 4,
figure 3 being a longitudinal elevation and figure 4 an end elevation partly in
transverse section along the line 1-2, figure 3. As indicated in figure 1 the spindle
when complete is composed of four distinct parts as follows viz.-1st, a cylindrical
spindle Figure 3 supported by a rail j. 2nd, a disc v permanently fixed on the
said spindle and receiving the bobbin on which the yarns or threads are wound.
3rd, a clutch ring capable of revolving on the spindle O but compelled to rotate
with the spindle by a pin f attached to the ring in a position parallel with the
spindle. 4th A wharvey mounted loosely on the spindle O and driven from the
tin roller or drum by a cord or otherwise. The cord indicated in the drawing
moving in the direction indicated by the arrows on the cord in Figure 3 the spindle
is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow on the ring r. This movement is
transmitted to the disc v and to the spindle O by the pin which also causes the

page_text: As indicated in
ring to rotate being permanently or rigidly attached to the latter.
the drawing the ring is connected with the pin fat or about the middle of the
latter and the upper end of the said pin engages with a round hole in the disc v
being capable of sliding longitudinally in this hole.
When the spindle is rotating the lower end of the pin ƒ remains engaged with a
notch or recess in the upper side or surface of the wharve y. The under side of the
ring is provided with a series of ratchet teeth as indicated in the drawing.
l
The thread is indicated at z Figure 3 and passes through an eye on a detector g
sliding vertically in suitable guides. When the thread z breaks the detector g being
no longer supported by the threads drops until a collar i on the said detector rests
upon the end of a lever m centred at s. The weight of the detector g causes this
lever to oscillate until the lever end h descends to the position indicated by the dotted
centre line at h. The opposite end t of the said lever is thereby elevated to the
position marked t¹ and a slotted plate or fork e attached to this end of the lever acts
upon a pin on a rocking catch centred at bas shown more clearly in Figure 4, so
as to cause an eccentric arm or catch u to engage with the teeth of the ring r.
eccentric catch arm u being thus caused to move in the direction of the arrow a
Figure 4 is shifted partly by the action of the lever m and partly by the action of the
rotating ring from to u² being arrested at this point by a stop or an arm n coming
in contact with the rail j as indicated by the dotted lines at n². This movement of
the arm has the effect of lifting the ring which slides upwards upon the spindle
and before the stop n has touched the rail the ring is sufficiently lifted to disengage
the lower end of the pin f from the wharvey.
The
Those movements take place with great rapidity accelerated by the action of the
spindle itself and the pin sliding in the hole in the disc stops the spindle
immediately, the wharve being free to continue its rotation. All friction prejudicial
to the general action of the machine is thus obviated.
The spindle having been stopped as hereinbefore described can be started again as
follows. The broken thread is reconnected and reinserted in the eye of the detector g.
The rocking eccentric catch u is pushed back by the arm n to the position indicated
by the full lines in Figure 4 and all the parts being thus replaced in their normal
position the work proceeds as before.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. In machines for winding yarn or thread with automatic mechanism for displacing
the stroke of the thread guides, the combination of the arm M carrying the toothed
wheels F E and cam D oscillating on the centre O, the said arm being provided
with a toothed sector Z,' with the endless screw L all arranged and operating sub-
stantially as and for the purpose herein before described with reference to Figure 1 of
the accompanying drawings.
2. In winding machines with mechanism for automatically displacing the stroke of
the thread guides, the combination of the arm M and the endless screw L operated by
a pawl and ratchet or any equivalent device N with the bent lever Q all arranged and
operating substantially as and for the purpose herein before described with reference.
to Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.
3. In winding machines with mechanism for automatically displacing the stroke of
the thread guides the combination of the lever Q provided with the curved plate P
adjusted by means of a screw engaging with a slot V with the pin or wiper S on the
cain D on the one hand and with the apparatus N employed in substitution for the
ordinary ratchet on the other hand all arranged and operating substantially as and
for the purpose herein before described with reference to Figure 1 of the accompanying
drawings!
4. In winding machines with mechanism for automatically displacing the stroke of
the thread guides and in combination with the endless screw or worm L, the

page_text: apparatus N acting in substitution for a ratchet and constituted by the ring a, the
box c, having an arm d, and the spring pawl plates e e² all arranged and operating
substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures Ï
and 2 of the accompanying drawings.
5. In winding machines with or without automatic mechanism for displacing the
stroke of the thread guides the stop motion consisting in the combination of the ring r
and the pin with the forked lever m and the eccentric arm or catch u all arranged
and operating substantially as and for the purpose herein before described with
reference to Figures 3 and 4 of the accompanying drawings.
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