BRAKE FOR ALL VEHICLES DRAWN BY ANIMALS
Year: 1884

page_text: I JOHN BELLAMY JEPSON High Street Chatham Commercial Traveller do
hereby declare the nature of my Invention for AN IMPROVED BRAKE FOR ALL
VEHICLES DRAWN BY ANIMALS to be as follows
-
A break connected direct with the harness of the animal or animals drawing any
vehicle to which it or they may be attatched The traces in place of being attatched
to the shafts or body of the vehicle are fastened to a moveable lever held when
not requned for pulling on the break by a catch which may be released instantly
by the driver or other person The lever being directly connected with the break
when released from the catch causes whatever force is used in attempting to diaw
the vehicle forward to take effect only in tightening the break by which it is
intended to prevent horses from running away The breachbands instead of being
attatched only to the shafts are passed over or round pulleys & connected to the
same lever so that when in operation they act direct upon the break
required the traces only or breach bands only may be connected with the lever
pair horse conveyances where the collars do the work of the breachbands the same
plan is adopted of passing the chain or other connection round a pulley & thence
direct to the break,
When
In

page_text: AN
I, JOHN BELLAMY JEPSON, of High Street Chatham in the County of Kent
Commercial Traveller do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVED BRAKE FOR ALL VEHICLES DRAWN BY ANIMALS and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement
The object of my invention is the introduction of an improved brake for use on
any kind of wheeled vehicle and consists essentially and substantially in an
arrangement of chains rods and levers by means of which the pulling or backing
force of the animal power harnessed to the shafts, or pole as the case may be, can
be brought to bear at the will of the carter or driver directly upon the brake
In the event of the animal ag a horse attempting to bolt with a vehicle having
my invention fitted to it the driver has only to pull a lever releasing a detent and
tho power of the animal is at once transferred from the ordinary trace hooks or
equivalent points of connection to the vehicle to the brake blocks thereby
effectually braking the wheels and depriving them of rotary motion
In coming down a hill with a heavy load, the horse is frequently on the point of
being overpowered by the rolling load behind him With my invention fitted to
the vehicle, the whole backing power of the animal is, at once transferred from the
ordinary breech-band hooks, or their equivalents to the brake blocks, thereby
braking the wheels to a sufhcient extent to remove all chances of accident that
might be caused by the loaded vehicle overpowering the horse
In order that my invention, and the means by which it may be put into successful
operation with various kinds of vehicle, may be thoroughly understood, I will now
describe the same, in detail, referring in so doing to the accompanying figures, which
are to be taken as part of this specification and read therewith, and in which
identical parts are marked throughout the figures in which they occur with the
same reference letter
Figs 1 and 2 are, respectively, aide elevation and plan, illustrating the application
of my invention to the breeching hooks of an ordinary one horse cart.
Figs 3, 4 and 5, are, respectively, side elevation, end elevation and plan,
illustrating the application of my invention to the hame chain hooks of the same
vehicle
A, A' are the hame-chain and breech band books, respectively The former may
slide in a groove, B, or upon a horizontal rod, attached to the shaft C 18 a detent,
releasable by a bandle c or it may be actuated by a compound lever worked by
the hand or foot of the driver froin his seat
Each book is connected by a rod or chain D, to the upper extremity f, of the
corresponding brake-lever F The brake levers are conveniently carried on a
horizontal rod f¹
Each breechband hook A' is fixed to the preferably upper extremity of a
lever G attached in any convenient way to the shaft The lower extremity of the
lever connects adjustably, as at g with the rod or chain H the other end of which
18 attached to the end, of the brake lever F G' is the releasable detent

page_text: Instead of the lever G described above I may use a grooved pulley of a diameter
equal to the length of the lever, as indicated by the dotted circle in Fig 1 A chain
or similar flexible coupling, is pissed from the hame chain hook round the front of
the pulley to the end g of the brake lever rod H
The detent used with a pulley would be of the pawl and ratchet type the
ratchet being fixed on the same axis as the pulley
I provide a spiral spring I (the ends of which are attached respectively to the
axle and a rod springing from the horizontal rod f¹) for the purpose of pulling
the brakes off the wheels
It is to be distinctly understood that in the application of my invention as
herein described with the accompanying figures 1 to 5 I do not limit myself to the
detents precisely as illustrated as any suitable detent may be adopted according to
the special vehicle to which my invention is to be applied provided that they can
be easily released by hand or lever whichever may be most convenient
I do not confine myself in the application of my invention to both trace and
breeching gear as illustrated in the before described figures as it is evident that it
may be applied to only one gear if such an application meets the requirements of
the case
The method of putting the invention in operation is as follows,
In the event of the cirter being unable to chech a runaway he has imply to
release the detent of the hame chain hook to bring the whole tractive force of the
animal to bear upon the brake levers and accordingly to press the brake blocks
against the wheels when any progress the horse might make after this would be
with the wheels skidding over the ground a style of traction which would very
quickly pull him up
When there is a leader he might be yoked to the hame chains or hooks, of the
shaft horse
To apply the biake from the breech band the detents of the breech band hook
levers, or pulleys (whichever are used) are released when the whole force of the
rolling load is at once transferred from the shafts to the wheels, thereby effectually
preventing it from interfering with the hoists self possession or tending to
master him
When hoise begins to jib the releasing both purs of detents will, of course
cause the brake blocks to be applied by the horse and when he is tired of trying
to back the load with the brakes on and trics to bolt he will be pulled up as
already explained
If a horse is pulling a load over a very irregular road te with short and sudden
declines and the carter releases the breech band detents the brakes will apply
themselves as often as required
The application of the brakes when a horse stumbles will at once prevent the
load from following hun, and so far the chance of his recovering himself and
saving his knees will be considerably incie used
The method of applying my invention to a waggon whether the horses are yoked
abreast or tandem 18 as described above the brake blocks however being fixed so
as to bear upon the hind wheels
Figs 6 and 7 are respectively side elevation and plan, illustrating the application
of my invention to such vehicles as dog-carts broughams, and the like, to stop
runaways
Jare the points of connection of the traces to the vehicle and are preferably
combined, with sockets 2, which are removable from the respective ends of a barj
or its equivalent by bara 12, made to clutch the sockets These bars are actuated
by means of a lever and link mechanism 3 worked by a hand or foot lever carried
up conveniently to near to the driver
As soon as the sockets are moved outwards far enough to clear the ends of the
bar the pull is off the vehicle and on the brake lever rods or chains which
immediate apply the brakes The chains 2, are preferably a little slack when
not in action,

page_text: The lever described with reference to iga 6 and 7 may be the ordinary hand
brake lever The breeching brake gear, described with reference to Figs 1 to 5,
may be combined with the check-brake device illustrated in Figs 6 and 7
The sockets may be replaced by the well known snatch block device operated
in any convenient way
Fig 8 shows the application of my breeching-brake gear to an ordinary two
wheeled vehicle, eg, a cart, the brake blocks being fixed behind the wheels instead
of in front as drawn in Figs 1 and 2
Fig 9 illustrates, in plan, the application of my invention to a pair horse van
with a pole, the invention being used here to check the load when descending an
incline or the like
When horses yoked to a pole in the ordinary way have to descend a decline
with a heavy load their only points of resistance thereto are on their necks
practically against which the collars are forced forward by the load
With my invention fixed to the vehiclo, the brakes are applied by the rolling
load forcing the head of the pole forward and so pulling the brake blocks against
the wheels with a force equal to its own
R is the pole and its head S S are the collar chains and 8 9 a pair of
pulleys around the inner faces of which pass two chains tt from the collar chains
These are connected by the forked rod ¹, to the brake levers
The pulleys ss may be replaced by a pair of equivalent levers
1ig 10 illustrates another method of putting on the brakes, when a pole 14 used
Any desirable detent controlled by a lover actuated from the driver's seat or
otherwise, can be fitted with my invention when applied to a pole vehicle.
Figs 11 and 12 are respectively plan and elevation of another method of
applying my invention to a pole vehicle
Ris the pole and >1, the head Two levers v, to which the collar chains aro
attached carry toothed quadrants v gearing into a toothed bar in which I form
□ slot
A pin v, to which the brake lever rod t 18 connected slides in this slot
If the pole is pushed forward by the load in coming down a hill, the strain upon
the collar chains S at onco applies the brakes, by being transferred through the
quadrants and lever rod to the brake levers
When the shafts are small in section eg, of lance wood or non tube I use n
sliding collar as illustrated in Figs 13 and 14 which are respectively, side and
front elevation The hook V of either trace or breech band 18 connected to the
shaft V by means of a sliding collar 4, held by a suitable detent fixed in front or
behind according as to whether it is to be used to hold the trace, or the breeching
hook, in its normal position
Having now particularly described and ascertamed the nature of my sand
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim 18
1 The combination of lover G detent O' of any suitable kind breech band
hook A¹ brake lever rod II, and brake substantially as described with reference
to the accompanying figures 1, 2 and 8
2 The combination of grooved pulley its ratchet and pawl detent, brake lever
rod H, and brake, substantially as described with reference to the accompanying
figure 1
3 The combination of hame chain hook A capable of sliding in a groove or on
a rod, its detent, brake-lover 1od D, and brake, substantially as described with
reference to the accompany ing drawings
The combination of the hame chain and breeching hook-brake apparatus,
substantially as described with reference to the accompanying figures 1 2 3, 4, 5
and 8
5 The combination of lever worked by the diver, lever and link mechanism 1³,
and removable points of attachment J, with the bi the lover rods 7', substantially
as described with referenco to the accompanying figures 6 and 7

page_text: 6 The combination of the devices specified in the foregoing claim, with a
breeching brake device as this is essentially and substantially described with
reference to Fig 1
7 The combination of pole R, collar chains S, and connection t, and t¹, to
brake lever, substantially as described with reference to the accompanying
figure 9
8 The combination of pole R, collar chains S, levers v, quadrants v₁, bar v³,
connected to the brake lever rod t¹, the whole substantially as described with
reference to the accompanying figures 11 and 12
9 The combination of hook V, sliding collar *, its detents, and shaft V1,
substantially as described with reference to the accompanying figures 13 and 14
100
PHILLIPS & LEIGH
Patent Agents,
22, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, WC,
Agents for the Applicant.