Improvements in Spirit Lamps or the like.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Feb., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 21st Nov., 1891-Accepted, 6th Feb., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Spirit Lamps or the like.
I, HAHNEMANN ADOLPHUS CUTMORE of 88 Hereford Road, Bayswater in the
County of Middlesex, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to that class of lamp or device for burning methylated and
other spirits such for example as benzine, naphtha and the like and may be made either
portable or fixed and may be used for heating or illuminating purposes. In carrying
out my invention the form of the apparatus may vary very considerably without
departing from the spirit of the invention but the following description will serve to
illustrate how the invention may be practised.
A portable apparatus may consist of a suitable weighted standard carrying one
or more pipes one branch connecting with the reservoir preferably placed at a
higher level than the burner and the other carrying the burner. The reservoir
may be a metal or other vessel of any suitable size, shape or construction preferably
provided with a glass or other gauge to indicate the height of the liquid contained
in it and having a screwed or other orifice by which it may be filled but so arranged
that when closed it shall be air tight and prevent the evaporation of the liquid.
The burner may consist of a block or mass of carbon or other suitable inaterial
through which the spirit either by capillary attraction or by gravity or other
pressure passes the said block or mass being preferably enclosed in a suitable metal
or other perforated or porous case. The burner may also be provided with
openings near the supply pipe to act as pilot lights by which the whole burner
may be heated and lighted.
I prefer that the block or mass should be so dense as not to allow the too free
passage of the spirit but it will be understood that the density may vary according
to requirements and pressure and that I do not bind myself to employ a solid block
at all but may use granulated material instead.
A stop cock or valve may be used to cut off the connection between the reservoir
and the burner and to regulate the flame, and if desired one or more gauze
diaphragms or the like may be used to prevent the passage of flame into or through
the pipe.
Usually the elevation of the reservoir above the burner will supply sufficient
pressure especially as the height of the reservoir and the density of the block may
be proportioned but if desired a spring or weight pressure may be applied to the
liquid especially if the reservoir be not located above the level of the burner.
Provision may if desired be made for the vapourization of the spirit within the
burner itself as by means of one or more recesses in the block or between the block
and the casing or otherwise in the burner.
This apparatus readily adapts itself to special applications thus for example
for afternoon tea purposes an ornamental design may comprise the stand which
carries the whole the reservoir the burner the kettle stand and the tea tray;
and for other purposes as heating a gluc kettle for instance besides the lamp and
beating apparatus a supporting gallery bracket or equivalent for holding the kettle
over the flame and another bracket or stand upon which to place it when removed
from the flame may be provided. Or a single supporting device may be provided
for the glue kettle soldering iron or other article to be heated while the burner is
jointed or otherwise adapted to be moved away.
Dated this 21st day of February 1891
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Spirit Lamps or the like.
I, HAHNEMANN ADOLPHUS CUTMORE of 88 Hereford Road, Bayswater, in the
County of Middlesex, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and the manner in which the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
This invention relates to that class of lamp or device for burning methylated
and other spirits such for example as benzine, naphtha and the like and may be
made either portable or fixed and may be used for heating or illuminating purposes.
In carrying out my invention the form of the apparatus may vary very considerably
without departing from the spirit of the invention but the following description will
serve to illustrate how the invention may be practised.
A portable apparatus may consist of a suitable weighted standard carrying one
or more pipes one branch connecting with the reservoir preferably placed at a
higher level than the burner and the other carrying the burner. The reservoir
- may be a metal or other vessel of any suitable size, shape or construction preferably
provided with a glass or other gauge to indicate the height of the liquid contained
in it and having a screwed or other orifice by which it may be filled but so arranged
that when closed it shall be sufficiently air tight to prevent the evaporation of the
liquid, a tiny hole may be provided sufficient to equalize the atmospheric pressure
without causing appreciable loss by evaporation. Or the cover may be made so as
to turn, or may be provided with a tap or valve.
The burner may consist of a block or mass of carbon or other suitable material
through which the spirit either by capillary attraction or by gravity or other
pressure passes, the said block or mass being preferably enclosed in a suitable
metal or other perforated or porous case. The burner may also be provided with
openings near the supply pipe to act as pilot lights by which the whole burner may
be heated and lighted.
I prefer that the block or mass should be so dense as not to allow the too free
passage of the spirit but it will be understood that the density may vary according
to requirements and pressure and that I do not bind myself to employ a solid block
at all but may use granulated material instead.
A stop cock or valve may be used to cut off the connection between the reservoir
and the burner and to regulate the flame, and if desired one or more gauze
diaphragms or the like may be used to prevent the passage of flame into or through
the pipe.
Usually the elevation of the reservoir above the burner will supply sufficient
pressure especially as the height of the reservoir and the density of the block may
be proportioned but if desired a spring or weight pressure may be applied to the
liquid especially if the reservoir be not located above the level of the burner.
Provision may if desired be made for the vapourization of the spirit within the
burner itself as by means of one or more recesses in the block or between the block
and the casing or otherwise in the burner.
This apparatus readily adapts itself to special applications thus for example for
afternoon tea purposes an ornamental design may comprise the stand which carries
the whole, the reservoir, the burner, the kettle stand and the tea tray; and for
other purposes as heating a glue kettle for instance, besides the lamp and heating
apparatus a supporting gallery bracket or equivalent for holding the kettle over
the flame and another bracket or stand upon which to place it when removed from
the flame may be provided. Or a single supporting device may be provided for the
glue kettle soldering iron or other article to be heated while the burner is jointed
or otherwise adapted to be moved away.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a complete apparatus constructed according to this
invention

page_text: Figure 2 is a sectional view of the burner and
Figure 3 is a plan of the burner and fittings.
In these views the burner would for most purposes be out of proportion to the
size of the tank which contains the spirit as a burner considerably smaller would
suffice, but for the sake of clearuess it is made large.
Like letters of reference indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
A. is the spirit vessel or tank, B the pipe, C the stand and D the burner. The
pipe B is provided with a tap B' to control the passage of the spirit. E is a circular
framing screwed on to the pipe B below the burner and adapted to carry the kettle
or other article to be heated.
The spirit cistern A is provided with a screw cap A by which access may be
had to it and as previously stated a gauge glass may be provided in the usual
manner to indicate the level of the spirit. In the drawing, part of the reservoir A
is shown at a higher level than the burner but it may be either higher or lower
than shown in Figure 1. The arrangement shown is somewhat similar to that of
the well known Queen's reading lamp, but though this arrangement is well
known for lamps burning heavy oils I believe it to be new for spirit lamps, the
great fluidity and volatility of the spirit rendering such an arrangement with
ordinary burners impracticable so that in ordinary spirit lamps the reservoir
is placed altogether below the burner. The burner consists of a block F of
carbon or other suitable material contained in the perforated casing G provided
with small perforations Gat and about the top through which the vapour
escapes to be burned; the openings Gare for pilot lights to heat the burner.
The casing G may be screwed on to the dish H which in its turn screws on to
the end of the pipe B or tap B' as clearly shown in Figure 2. As already stated
the casing G may be filled with granulated or powdered charcoal or the like instead
of a solid block.
The end of the pipe B or the tap B₁ penetrates at B2 into the burner
block or mass as shown, or it need not absolutely enter the block or mass at all,
the spirit being delivered from the mouth B2 into the block or mass either under
the pressure due to the higher level of the reservoir A or capillary attraction
or both, and probably assisted by an upward tendency imparted by the heat of the
burner.
Outside the casing G is a cover I provided with top and bottom openings or
recesses J leaving an annular space between I and G so as to allow of the
passage of air and flame between the cover and the case. In Figure 1 a portion
of the cover I is broken away to show two of the holes G³
The dish H would serve to catch and retain any spirit which may overflow
from the burner.
The construction of the frame E is clearly shown in the drawings; its form may
be varied to suit circumstances but in the illustration it consists of a top circular
framing E with four vertical rods or supports E' curved round so as to join at
the collar E by which it may be screwed on to the tap B¹ or pipe B as shown in
Figure 2.
The case and cover G and 1 may be dispensed with as the vapour will burn
from the carbon or other block only but the arrangement above described is
preferred.
Where special pressure is employed, the top of the cylinder A. would be removed
and a piston loaded by spring or weight inserted and the cylinder closed by a
suitable cover.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The method of burning the spirit in a spirit lamp by passing it through a block
or mass of carbon or other porous material substantially as described.

page_text: suitable porous material through which the spirit or vapour passes to be burned
substantially as described.
3. In a spirit burner the combination with a block or mass of carbon or other
suitable porous material through which the spirit or vapour passes of a perforated
casing such as G G G substantially as described and illustrated in the accom-
panying drawings.
4. In a spirit burner the combination with a perforated casing such as G G G
of a cover such as I open at the ends substantially as described.
5. The combination with a spirit burner of a reservoir placed at a higher level
than the burner substantially as described.
6. In a spirit burning apparatus the combination with a burner and a high-level
reservoir of a tap between the two substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
-
Dated this 21st day of November 1891.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.