Improvements in Pleasure Railways.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Apr., 1891-Accepted, 5th Sept., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pleasure Railways.
I, HERMANN BORMANN, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, but now
residing at 2339 Master Street, in the City of Philadelphia, in the County of
Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, United States of America, Mechanical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
PLEASURE RAILWAYS, and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statements :—
My improvements in pleasure railways relate to the construction, arrangement
and disposition of the courses over which cars and coaches travel either singly or
connected together in train; and they relate also to cars or vehicles especially
adapted for use in connection with such courses, and provided with mechanism and
appliances for automatically engaging and disengaging a positively driven cable,
and with appliances or devices adapted to automatically shift or turn the trucks
thereof with relation to one another, whereby the cars or other vehicles may be
permitted to traverse the straight, curved and undulating courses with an easy
gliding movement without fear of being retarded by frictional influence through
contact of the wheels with the tracks or of retrograding over the courses.
The principal objects of my present invention are first, to provide a compact and
coniparatively inexpensive pleasure railway structure adapted to permit of the
propulsion or actuation of an endless train of cars or coaches extending over the
entire course; second, to provide a pleasure railway structure having the courses
thereof so arranged with relation to each other as that cars, coaches or toboggans
will descend at the same time in opposite directions around two similar courses
disposed adjacent to one another, whereby passengers travelling over one course
enjoy the pleasure and excitement incident to racing with passengers of the other
course; and third, to provide a pleasure railway car, vehicle or toboggan with
simple, durable and efficient gripping and steering devices adapted to be
automatically actuated to permit of the engagement and disengagement of a
positively driven cable and for directing or guiding the car or other vehicle over
straight, curved and undulating courses without shock or jar by an easy gliding
movement that will be exhilarating to the patrons thereof.
My invention consists of a pleasure railway comprising a substantially S-shaped
course located at or near the ground, a second substantially S-shaped course located
above and inversely disposed with relation to the first course, and two inclined semi-
circular courses connected respectively with opposite extremities of the S-shaped
courses.
My invention further consists in the construction and arrangement of the parts
of such a pleasure railway course, of cars or coaches therefor and mechanism for
propelling a train of such coaches or cars extending over the entire course.
My invention further consists of a pleasure railway comprising two similar
adjacent helical courses winding or cycling in opposite directions and two inter-
twined spiral courses and each of said helical courses connected at the top thereof
to the summit of one of said intertwined spiral courses and at the bottom thereof
to the base of the other of said intertwined spiral courses by straight and curved
auxiliary courses.
My invention further consists of a pleasure railway comprising two similar
contiguous helical courses winding in opposite directions and having the adjacent
courses of substantially equal pitch.
My invention further consists of cars mounted on swivel trucks provided with
tongues attached to means contacting with guide rails conforming to the direction
and curvature of the course.

page_text: My invention further consists in the construction arrangement and combination
of parts constituting an automatic gripping device for cars, coaches and toboggans ;
and
My invention further consists in the improvements hereinafter described and
particularly pointed out in the claims.
The nature and characteristic features of the invention will be more fully under-
stood from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying
drawings forming part hereof; and in which
Figure 1, is an elevation of a pleasure railway structure embodying features of
my invention and showing two inclined semicircular courses connecting upper and
lower horizontal courses.
Fig. 2, is a top or plan view of Fig. 1, showing in full lines, an upper S-shaped
course and two inclined semicircular courses, and also in dotted lines, an inversely
disposed S-shaped course located at or near the ground.
Fig. 3, is a top or plan view of two connected cars or coaches and portions of two
other cars or coaches adapted to traverse the course shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and
each provided underneath with a rack and also showing spring actuated mechanism
for shifting and directing the trucks, and illustrating the position of the racks when
the cars are traversing straight and curved portions of the course.
Fig. 4, is a view partly in side elevation and partly in section, of a car or coach
and portions of two other cars or coaches similar to the cars or coaches shown in
Fig. 3 and provided on the under side with racks, and said cars or coaches coupled
together by means of links engaging with the respective king-bolts thereof and
showing also a positively driven spur-wheel or pinion engaging said racks.
Fig. 5, is a view partly in end elevation and partly in section of one of the cars or
coaches shown in Figs. 3 and 4, showing a guide-rail disposed parallel to the rails
of the course and a roller attached to an arm secured to the truck and engaging
said guide-rail.
Fig. 6, is an elevation of a superstructure for a racing sinuous railway and
toboggan slide, embodying features of my invention and; showing two adjacent
helical courses winding or cycling in opposite directions, two intertwined spiral
courses, and straight and curved auxiliary courses connecting said helical and spiral
courses.
Fig. 7, is a top or plan view of Fig. 6, showing straight and curved auxiliary
courses connecting each of said helical courses at the top thereof to the summit of
one of said intertwined spiral courses and at the bottom thereof to the base of the
other of said intertwined spiral courses.
Fig. 8, is an elevation of the superstructure of a sinuous pleasure railway and
toboggan slide, embodying a modification of the structure illustrated in Figs. 6
and 7, and showing the two adjacent helical courses disposed on either side of the
intertwined spiral courses.
Fig. 9, is a top or plan view of Fig. 8.
Fig. 10, is an end elevation of Fig. 9.
Fig. 11, is a side elevation of a car especially adapted for use in connection with
the courses illustrated in Figs. 6 to 10, showing the side portions thereof removed
in order to expose to view my improved automatic gripping device.
Fig. 12, is a plan view of the under side of the car illustrated in Fig. 11,
showing the upper part of the car broken away in order to expose to view my
improved running-gear.
Fig. 13, is an elevation on the line x, x, of Fig. 12, showing an end view of my
improved running-gear.
Fig. 14, is a similar view on the liue y, y, of Fig. 12, showing an cnd elevation of
the gripping mechanism.
Fig. 15, is an elevation of a car adapted to traverse a railway course, such for
example as is illustrated in Figs. 6 to 10, by gravity with an easy gliding move-
ment and having one side thereof broken away in order to expose to view the
running-gear thereof.

page_text: Fig. 16, is a plan view of the underside of the car shown in Fig. 15; and
Fig. 17, is a similar view of a car provided with a modified form of running-
gear.
Referring now to Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive of the accompanying drawings A, is a
pavilion provided with a platform a, located near the ground and with a platform a',
supported by posts or columns a³, and located above the platform a. b, is an S-shaped
course supported by and laid upon the platform a, and having the two loops b' and b³
thereof connected by a straight portion 63, for a purpose to be presently described.
c, is an inversely disposed S-shaped course supported upon the platform a³, and
having the two loops c' and ' thereof, connected by a straight portion o³. d, is an
inclined semicircular course connecting one extremity b', of the course b, with the
opposite extremity c², of the course c, and disposed in the drawing outside of and
around the left side of the platforms a and a¹. Referring now to the right hand
portion of Figs. 1 and 2, d' is a similar inclined semi-circular course connecting one
extremity of the course b, with the opposite extremity c¹, of the course c, and
located outside of and around the platforms a and a'. e, are rails or tracks of any
preferred construction secured in the usual or in any preferred manner to the
respective courses of the structure and adapted to engage with the wheels of the cars
or coaches.
When a
The hereinabove described course may be employed in connection with cars_or
coaches, which are drawn separately over the ascending portions of the course by
means of a cable cr in any preferred manner, and then permitted to descend by
gravity over the descending portions of the course to the starting point; but
preference is given to the employment of a number of cars or coaches coupled
together so as to form a solid train extending over the entire course.
solid train of cars or coaches is employed it is of course necessary to propel them
over and around the course and this result may be accomplished in various well
known ways, for example, by means of a positively driven cable, but preference is
given to the employment of cars or coaches provided on the underside thereof with
racks engaging with a spur-wheel or pinion, driven through suitable connections
by a stationary engine or other prime mover (not shown,) and located between the
rails e.
It may be remarked that good results have been attained by placing the
because
spur-wheel, at the centre of the straight portions c³, of the course c,
the teeth of the pinion f, are more certain to engage properly with the racks
secured to the underside of the cars or coaches, when the latter are traversing
a straight course than they are when the cars or coaches are traversing a curved
course.
If for any reason it should become necessary or desirable to employ two spur-
wheels instead of one, this result may be conveniently attained by locating one of
them at each of the straight courses c³ and b³, and connecting them together by
suitable mechanism.
The respective loops of the S-shaped courses may, if preferred, be joined
by curved instead of straight courses. In such case the spur-wheel f, is
located upon one of the circular portions of the course, and the racks g³, are bent
into conformity with the curvature of the portions of the course adjacent to the
spur-wheel in order to ensure the proper engagement of the rack therewith.
Figs. 3, 4 and 5 represent cars especially adapted for use in connection with the
above described course. Each of these cars g, is provided with a main platform g
having the extremities cut away as shown in Fig. 3, or in any other preferred
manner in order to permit a train composed of such cars or coaches coupled together
to be propelled over and to traverse the curved portions of the course. Seats for
the accommodation of the passengers may be arranged upon and secured to the
platforms 9, in any preferred manner. 3, is a rack having reinforce plates,
provided with king-bolts g, riveted at or near the respective extremities thereof.
9, are trucks provided with wheels g, and pivotally attached to the underside of
the platforms g, by means of the king-bolts . ', are draw-heads or links secured
at the respective extremities thereof to the king-bolts g, for coupling the cars or

page_text: coaches together. 9%, are arms attached to each of the trucks, and provided
with rollers g, adapted to engage with one of the rails e, or with a guide rail e',
laid parallel thereto, in order to turn the trucks g³, and permit the cars to traverse
the course with an easy gliding motion or movement. s, are spiral springs attached
at the respective extremities thereof to the trucks g², and to the platforms g', in
order to ensure the proper engagement of the roller, with the guide-rail el. go,
are braces attached at the respective extremities thereof to the trucks g³, and
arms y³, in order to retain the latter rigidly to place.
The mode of operation of the pleasure railway heretofore described with reference
to Figs. 1 and 5, is as follows:-
The cars or coaches g, are coupled together by means of the draw-heads or
links g, and form a continuous train extending over the entire course, and the
racks g, form a continuous rack attached to the underside of the train and arranged
so as to permit the spur-wheel f, to mesh therewith. A steam engine or other
prime-mover is started by the attendant-in-charge and motion is transmitted to the
spur-wheel, by means of belts, or in any preferred manner. The rotation of the
spur-wheel engaging the racks propels the latter onward and causes the entire
train of cars or coaches to traverse the course, for example, in the direction indicated
by the arrows in Fig. 2 with a smooth and gliding movement or motion. The train
of cars may be stopped to take on or let off passengers either by stopping the prime-
mover or by shifting the driving belt onto an idle pulley or in any other convenient
or preferred manner.
In Figs. 6 to 10 inclusive, is illustrated a so-called racing pleasure railway in
which the courses are so arranged with relation to the superstructure as that the
cars, coaches and toboggans may be permitted to descend in pairs at the same
time in opposite directions around two similar courses disposed adjacent to each
other instead of travelling one after another in single file.
Referring now more especially to Figs. 6 and 7, B and 13', are similar helical
contiguous courses winding or cycling in opposite directions and having the adjacent
courses C and C', of substantially equal pitch, so that two cars, coaches or toboggans
in descending from the top to the bottom of the courses B and B', at the same time
and under the influence of gravity will race side by side along the adjacent
portions C and C₁, of the courses and will then separate in traversing the other
portions of the courses B and B, and will finally again roll over or upon the
succeeding adjacent portions of said courses. Of course the pitch of the adjacent
courses C and C¹, may be different and may be varied, but preference is given to
the employment of courses of substantially equal pitch, because the excitement of
the sport is greatly increased by permitting the cars, coaches or toboggans to race
over the courses in the manner above described. B and B³, are two intertwined
spiral courses winding in the same direction around a common vertical axis and
having the starting points at their bases diametrically opposed to each other. h, is
a curved auxiliary course connecting the bases of the courses B and B. 2, is a
straight course connecting the bases of the courses B¹ and B. ³, is a straight
course connecting the summits of the courses B and B. The summits of the two
courses B and B³, are separated by an arc of 90° more or less, instead of being
diametrically opposite to each other, so that the length of the courses B' and B², is
approximately equal to the length of the courses B and B. Good results have
been attained in practice by the employment of the two intertwined courses B'
and 13, for permitting of the elevation of the cars, coaches and toboggans from the
base of the course B to the summit of the course B', and from the base of the
course B to the summit of the course B³, but the present invention is not limited
to the employment of such courses, because the cars, coaches and toboggans may
be elevated and transferred from the base of one of the courses B or B¹, to the
summit of the other course by means of many well known appliances, for example,
by means of elevators.
In use one of a pair of cars, coaches or toboggans after having been loaded with
passengers, is started at each of the diametrically disposed starting points designated

page_text: on the drawings "starting P" and located at the bases of the intertwined spiral
courses B and B³. The two cars, coaches or toboggans are drawn to the respective
summits of the courses by means of a positively driven endless cable or motor cars
or in any other preferred manner. The cars then proceed under the influence of
gravity respectively over the auxiliary courses ' and ³, to the helical courses B
and B, and then cycling around the latter in opposite directions, as indicated by
the arrows in the drawings arrive simultaneously or nearly so at the adjacent
straight portions C and C³, of these courses. It will be readily understood that
the cars, coaches or toboggans will race with each other over the adjacent portions C
and C, of the courses B and B¹, thereby greatly enhancing the excitement of the
sport. After the cars, coaches or toboggans have traversed the courses C and C¹,
they are respectively conducted by means of the auxiliary courses / and /*, to the
starting points marked on the drawings "starting P" and located diametrically
opposite to the points from which they started. The passengers may then alight
and after others have taken their places on the cars, coaches or toboggans, the
latter may again be permitted to traverse the courses in the manner indicated.
The cars, coaches or toboggans are described as arriving at the adjacent courses C
and C, and at the starting points at the same time and this result is due to the
fact that the courses B, B, and C and B¹, B³, h¹ and C', are of equal length and
pitch, but, if preferred, the length or pitch of either of these courses may be
increased or diminished without departing from the spirit of the invention.
The construction and mode of operation of the form of superstructure illustrated
in Figs. 8, 9 and 10, are the same as shown and described in Figs. 6 and 7, with
the following exceptions:-that the helical courses B and B', are slightly curved
outward and are separated at one extremity thereof and the intertwined spiral
courses B and B³, are located between them, so that the complete structure occupies
a very small area and is therefore especially adapted for use on a small piece of
ground. Moreover, the relative positions of the auxiliary courses h¹, h³, C and C',
are slightly shifted in order to accommodate them to the changed positions of the
other courses, as will be readily understood from an examination of the drawings.
Although the mode of operation of the pleasure railway course illustrated in
Figs. 6 to 10 inclusive, has been described with reference to only two cars, coaches
or toboggans, still it will be obvious that more than two cars may be advantageously
employed by starting them out successively in pairs and in the manner hereinbefore
explained.
A brief description will now be given of the cars or coaches illustrated in Figs. 11
to 17 inclusive. These cars and coaches are modifications of the cars illustrated in
Figs. 2 to 5, and are especially arranged for use in connection with the so-called
racing courses, but they may be employed in connection with other types of
structures, if preferred.
Referring now more especially to Figs. 11 to 14 inclusive, i is a portion of a
course provided with tracks e. o, is a positively driven cable. The tracks e, may
consist of flanged rails of any preferred cross-section or they may consist of flat
ways. Good results have been attained in practice by employing rails having a
square cross-section and preference is given to such type of rail. e', are guide-
rails secured to the course i, and arranged or disposed parallel to the tracks e.
9, is a platform or car-body provided with seats and mounted on swivel-trucks ³,
by means of king bolts g, as shown also in Figs. 3, 4 and 5. 98, are tongues
provided with slots, and rigidly connected to the trucks g. by means of diagonally
disposed braces., is a shifting bar movably supported in the hangers i, secured
to the underside of the car, and attached to the tongue, by means of a pin 7,
engaging in the slot. 9, are rollers journalled to the respective extremities of
the shifting bar, and adapted to bear against and follow the curvature of the
guide-rails e', when the car is in motion. The movement of the rolls y, causes the
bar, to be shifted in its bearings, transversely of the car in one direction or
the other. This shifting motion of the bar, is transmitted by means of the pin i
and slot ³, to the tongue 9³, causing the latter and with it the truck y², to turn in
.

page_text: one direction or the other about the king bolt, thus automatically guiding the
direction of motion of the car and causing it to coincide with the direction of the
course. s. are spiral or helical springs attached at their respective extremities
to the tongues, and to the lower portion of the car y, for ensuring a quick and
positive return of the truck g. to its normal position. Inasmuch as these springs
only serve to increase the efficiency of the device, they may if desired, be omitted,
but for the reasons above stated preference is given to their employment.
In Figs. 15 and 16, the tongues g³, are arranged towards each other and are
attached to the arms of a single shifting bar supported by the bearings and is, and
located between the trucks, so that the other shifting bar is dispensed with and
the apparatus is adapted especially for use in connection with cars or toboggans
which are not provided with griping mechanism and which are suitable for use in
connection with courses provided with elevators for lifting the cars from the terminal
to the starting points, for another trip.
Fig. 17, illustrates a modification of the construction shown in Figs. 11 and 12.
In this instance the two trucks are connected together by means of crossed links 10,
pivotally attached at their respective extremities to the axles, so that the motion of
one truck is imparted to the other, as will be readily understood. Although the
above described running-gear may be employed in connection with any of the well
known types of griping devices, still a description will now be given of an efficient
form of automatic griping device constituting part of my improvements in cars for
pleasure railways.
Referring now to Figs. 11 to 14 inclusive, k is a plate attached to the car y, by
means of trunnions k¹, for permitting the plate k, to oscillate or swing transversely
of the car.
This plate k, is provided at the top thereof with a recess ³, at one side
thereof with brackets or lugs &³, forming ways, and at or near the bottom thereof
with an off-set portion . k, are rolls journalled to the off-set portion k³, of the
platek, and inclined somewhat to the plane of the plate k, so as to facilitate the
introduction of the cable o, into the grip. 1, is a bar adapted to be slid along
the face of the plate k, and constrained to move in a vertical direction by means of
the lugs ³., is a roller journailed to the side and located at or near the lower
extremity of the bar l. The upper portion, of this bar l, is off-set and fitted into
the recess ³, so as to cause the line of stress to coincide with the median line of
the plate k and thereby obviate all bending and twisting of the plate k. S³, is a
helical or spiral spring attached at one extremity thereof to the bar /, and at the
other extremity thereof to the plate k, and tending to draw the bar l, downwards so
as to separate the rollers and permit the cable o, to run free over the roller ".
m, are levers journalled at or near the center thereof to the respective sides of the
plate, and pivotally attached at one of the respective extremities thereof to the
off-set portion, of the bar 1, and at the other of their extremities to a yoke m¹.
is a bell-crank lever pivotally attached to the bottom of the car and having one
arm n', thereof in sliding contact with the yoke m'. The other arm a², of the
lever n, is provided with a detent p, pivotally attached thereto. One arm pl, of
this detent occupies normally a position parallel with the arm n³, of the lever n.
The other arm p² is adapted to engage with a toothed segmental rack r, secured to
the underside of the car , in order to retain the lever, in proper position. S³, is
a spring interposed between the lever n, and detent p, in order to force the arm p²,
normally into engagement with the rack r. t, are projections or blocks attached to
the course and adapted to trip the arms n² and p', of the levers n and p, as herein-
after more fully explained.
n,
In use the positively driven cable o, is introduced into the grip so as to run over
the roller, and beneath the spring S³, to depress the roller, either by tripping
the detent p, or in any other convenient manner. The inclination of the rollers
and, with reference to each other greatly facilitates the operation of the
introduction of the cable as will be readily understood by reference to Fig. 14.
After the cars have been loaded with passengers or whenever it becomes necessary
or desirable, they may be readily attached to the cable o, by pushing the car

page_text: is
arm n, and slightly rotates or turns the lever n. The motion of the lever n,
transmitted to the sliding bar l, by means of the lever m, and in overcoming the
spring S², draws the roller 1, upward between the rollers k, thus griping the
cable o, and preventing the latter from running freely through the grip. The
arm p², of the detent lever p, is forced by the spring S³, into engagement with
the rack r, and retains or locks the various parts of the griping device.
The car may be detached from the cable in order to permit it to descend over
portions of the course under the influence of gravity or for any other purpose
by tripping the arm ', of the detent lever p, either by means of a block t, attached
to the course, or in any other convenient manner. This movement of the arm p',
causes the arm, to be withdrawn from the rack », and permits the spring S
to draw the sliding bar l, and with it the roll, downwards, thus releasing the
cable o.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improvements in pleasure railways as herein described and shown for the
purposes set forth.
2. The herein described continuous pleasure railway comprising two courses one
superposed upon the other and two inclined courses connected respectively with
opposite extremities of said courses and adapted for cars or coaches being propelled
over the same, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
3. The herein described sinuous pleasure railway, comprising two substantially
horizontal and inversely disposed courses and two inclined semi-circular courses
res, ectively connecting opposite extremities of the inversely disposed courses and
adapted to permit of cars or coaches being propelled and to descend over the same,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
4. The herein described sinuous pleasure railway, comprising two substantially
horizontal and inversely disposed S-shaped courses located one above the other,
and two inclined semi-circular courses respectively connecting opposite extremities
of the S-shaped courses and adapted to permit of cars or coaches being propelled
and to descend over the same, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
5. The herein described sinuous pleasure railway consisting of a substantially
S-shaped horizontal course located at or near the ground, a second substantially
S-shaped horizontal course located above and inversely disposed with relation to
the first course and two inclined semi-circular courses respectively connecting one
extremity of the first S-shaped course with the opposite extremity of the second
S-shaped course and adapted to permit of cars or coaches being propelled upward
over the course and to then descend over the same, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
6. The herein described sinuous pleasure railway consisting of a pavilion pro-
vided with upper and lower platforms, an S-shaped course located on the upper
platform, a second S-shaped course located on the lower platform and inversely
disposed with relation to the first course and two inclined semi-circular courses
respectively and tangentially connecting one extremity of the first S-shaped course
with the opposite extremity of the second S-shaped course and adapted to permit
of cars or coaches being propelled and to descend over the same, substantially as
and for the purposes set forth.
7. The herein described sinuous pleasure railway consisting of an S-shaped
course having a straight portion connecting the loops thereof, a second S-shaped
course located above and inversely disposed with relation to the first course and
two inclined semi-circular courses respectively connecting one extremity of the
first S-shaped course with the opposite extremity of the second S-shaped course
and adapted to permit of cars or coaches being propelled upward over the

page_text: Course and to then descend over the same, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
8. The combination with a sinuous pleasure railway consisting of an S-shaped
course located near the ground and having a straight portion connecting the loops
thereof, a second S-shaped course located above and inversely disposed with
relation to the first course and two inclined semi-circular courses respectively con-
necting one extremity of the first S-shaped course with the opposite extremity of
the second S-shaped course, of cars or coaches provided with a rack, a spur-wheel
located at the straight portion of said course and meshing with said rack and means
for imparting motion to said spur-wheel, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
9. The combination with a sinuous pleasure railway, as described provided with
rails, of cars or coaches provided with a rack and with spring actuated swivel-
trucks, an arm attached to said trucks and provided with a roller engaging one of
said rails, a spur-wheel meshing with said rack and means for imparting motion
thereto, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
10. The combination with a sinuous pleasure railway as described, of a series of
cars or coaches provided on their undersides with racks, trucks attached to said
cars by king-bolts, links attached to the adjacent king-boits of said cars and inter-
posed between said cars and rack, a spur-wheel or pinion and means for imparting
motion thereto, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
11. The herein described superstructure or pleasure railway and toboggan slide,
consisting of two adjacent helical courses cycling in opposite directions and two
intertwined spiral courses cycling in the same direction and each of said helical
courses connected at the top to the summit of one of said intertwined courses and
at the bottom to the base of the other of said intertwined courses by straight and
curved auxiliary courses, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
12. The herein described superstructure or pleasure railway and toboggan slide
consisting of two continuous helical courses winding in opposite directions and
having the adjacent courses of substantially equal pitch, curved and straight auxiliary
courses and means for connecting each of said helical courses at the top to the
summit of one of said intertwined courses and at the bottom to the base of the
other of said intertwined courses, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
13. The herein described superstructure or pleasure railway and toboggan slide,
consisting of two adjacent helical courses cycling in opposite directions and curved
outwards and separated at one extremity thereof and two intertwined spiral courses
winding in the same direction and located in the separated extremity of said helical
courses and each of said helical courses connected at the top to the summit of one
of said intertwined courses and at the bottom to the base of the other of said
intertwined courses by straight and curved auxiliary courses, substantially as and for
the purposes set forth.
14. The combination, in a railway, of tracks and guide-rails conforming to the
direction and curvature thereof, a car provided with trucks linked together and
having wheels engaging with said rails, tongues connected with said trucks and
provided with transverse arms and means in engagement with the arms of said
tongues adapted to guide and direct said car, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
15. The combination, in a railway course, of tracks and guide rails located
parallel to each other and conforming to the direction and curvature of the course,
a car provided with trucks connected together by link connections and a spring
actuated shifting bar linked to said trucks and provided with guide-rails, substan-
tially as and for the purposes set forth.
16. The combination, in a railway, of rails, a car, trucks connected together by
diagonal links, a tongue connected with one of said trucks and means engaging with
said tongue and rails, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
17. The combination, in a railway, of rails conforming to the direction and
curvature thereof, a car, axles provided with wheels and centrally swivelled to said

page_text: car, tongues attached to said axles and shifting bars attached to said tongues and
contacting with said rails, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
18. The combination, in a railway provided with guide rails conforming to the
direction and curvature thereof, of a car mounted on axles provided with traction
wheels, and the axles extending transversely of said car and centrally swivelled
thereto, a shifting-bar contacting with said guide-rails and means for connecting
said shifting bar and axles, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
19. The combination, in a railway structure or course, of tracks and guide-rails
oppositely disposed with relation to each other, a car mounted on trucks provided
with wheels adapted' to engage with said track rails and linked tongues connected
with said trucks and a bar provided with transverse projecting arms having rollers
journalled thereto and engaging with said guide-rails, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
20. The combination, in a railway, of rails, a car mounted on swivel-trucks, a
shifting-bar attached to said car by hangers, a tongue secured to one of said trucks
and attached to said shifting-bar by a slotted connection and said shifting-bar
contacting with said rails and moving transversely of said car, substantially as and
for the purposes set forth.
21. The combination, in a railway, of guide-rails, a car, a truck provided with a
tongue, a shifting bar contacting with said guide-rails in advance of said truck and
attached to said tongue by a slotted connection and hangers attached to said car
for permitting said shifting-bar to move transversely thereof, substantially as and
for the purposes set forth.
22. The combination, in a railway, of a guide-rail, a car mounted on a swivel-
truck provided with a tongue, springs attached to said car and tongue, a sliding-bar
contacting with said rail and attached to said tongue by a suitable connection and
means for permitting said bar to move transversely of said car, substantially as and
for the purposes set forth.
23. The combination, in a railway, of rails, a car or other vehicle provided with
front and rear trucks provided with a plurality of wheels and connected together
by diagonally disposed link connections, a shifting-bar having transverse projecting
arms provided with guide-rolls and said shifting bar located in advance of the front
truck of said car and connected therewith by longitudinal and diagonal link con-
nections substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
24. The combination in a railway, of a positively driven cable, a car, a plate
attached to said car by trunnions and provided at the top with a recess, at one side
with ways and at or near the bottom with an off-set, rollers journalled in the off-set
portion of said plate, a bar adapted to slide in said ways and having the upper
portion thereof off-set into the recess formed in said plate, a roller journalled to the
side of said bar and means for elevating and depressing said bar, substantially as
and for the purposes set forth.
25. The combination, of a railway, provided with projections or blocks, of a
positively driven cable, a car, a plate attached to the car by trunnions and provided
with ways, rollers journalled to said plate, a bar adapted to slide along the plate in
said ways and having the upper portion thereof off-set to a recess formed in said
plate, a roller journalled to one side of seid bar, links attached to a yoke and
pivoted to said bar and plate, a bell-crank lever attached to the car and contacting
at one extremity with said yoke and provided at the other extremity with a spring
actuated pawl and a rack secured to said car, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
26. The combination, in a railway, of a positively driven cable, a car having
griping mechanism hinged thereto, a rack secured to said car, a bell-crank lever
pivotally attached thereto and having one arm in engagement with said griping
mechanism and the other provided with a spring actuated detent-lever, and blocks
or projections for tripping said bell-crank and detent-levers, substantially as and for
the purposes set forth.
27. The combination, in a railway, of a cable, a car provided with mechanism for

page_text: griping said cable, a rack secured to said car, a hell-crank lever pivotally attached
to said car, and having one arm in engagement with said griping mechanism and
the other provided with a spring actuated detent-lever and blocks or projections
adapted to trip said bell crank and detent levers, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
Dated this 24th day of November 1660.
5
HERMANN BORMANN.
W. P. Thompson & Boult,
Agents for the Applicant.