IMPROVEMENTS CHAINING OR LINKING YARN OR THREAD," IN MACHINES FOR WARPING AND
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William M°Gee and Thomas Watson both of Paisley in
the County of Renfrew North Britain for an Invention of “IMPROVEMENTS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William M.Gee and Thomas
Watson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th February.
1883.
WILLIAM MCGEE and THOMAS WATSON, both of Paisley, in the County of
Renfrew, North-Britain,
" IMPROVEMENTS
CHAINING OR LINKING YARN OR THREAD,"
IN MACHINES FOR WARPING AND
This Invention has mainly for its object to effect by mechanical means the
operation, hitherto effected by hand, of linking into chains the yarn or thread
delivered from warping machines or similar apparatus. The Invention also
comprises improvements applied to ordinary warping machines for stopping such
machines when a thread breaks or fails.
In carrying out the Invention a novel arrangement of mechanical devices for
linking the yarn or thread into chains, is combined or fitted in connection with a
warping machine which may be of the ordinary construction.
These devices comprise a pair of nipping or drawing rollers, to which the yarn
or thread is led from the rollers of the warping machine, over a guide pulley and
through a guiding eye fitted over the nipping or drawing rollers. These rollers and
the guiding eye are carried in a light framing, to which an intermittent reciprocating
motion is imparted in the longitudinal direction. Below the nipping rolls is a
sliding frame carrying a pair of large pointed snap hooks, and reciprocating in a
transverse direction in such wise as to bring the hooks alternately under the
nipping rolls, which draw through the yarn, and deliver it to the hooks. These
D.
.

page_text: hooks are each made in the form of a bent bar or shank with a movable jointed
limb, which by closing or snapping against the hooked end of the bar effectually
retains the yarn within the hook, but which when pressed back close to or within
the fixed limb, opens the hook and allows the yarn to be pressed back and relieved
from it.
When either of the hooks is traversed under the nipping rolls, the frame carrying
the rolls is traversed backwards and by its motion guides the yarn, so that it is
delivered vertically into the hooked end of the hook bar, which then travels back
with the yarn, in the form of a loop; and during its traverse the jointed limb, or
At the end of the back
snap is moved by a jointed tappet to close the book.
stroke, the jointed limb or snap of the hook is moved in to open the hook, by means
of a tappet fixed on the framing, and during the next instroke the loop of yarn is
The yarn as
pressed back by fixed guides over the movable limb free of the book.
it comes from the nipping or drawing rolls, is again caught and formed into a new
loop, as the hook makes its next outward traverse, and at the same time the last
formed loop is pressed over the end of the now closed hook, and is drawn in the
form of a loose link over the yarn forming the new loop. The same operations are
effected by the other hook which comes inwards to take the yarn from the rollers
as the first hook recedes from them, and a continuous series of loops or links is
formed resembling the links formed by hand.
In order to bring the yarn under the next hook, after the formation of each new
-loop, an oscillating depressing lever is fitted on a rocking shaft at each side of the
nipping and drawing rolls, and these depresser levers also act as cam levers to
regulate the action of springs which press on the reciprocating hooks and assist in
clearing the loops of yarn from the hooks.
The motions of the reciprocating frames carrying the nipping rolls and the snap
hooks and other moving parts are derived, in any suitable way, from a common
shaft which may be the shaft, which drives the warping machine rollers. In one
convenient arrangement of actuating gearing, the traversing motion of the nipping
roll frame is obtained from a grooved cam on a horizontal shaft above the machine,
driven by gearing from the main shaft of the warping or linking machine, and
acting through a lever on the nipping roll frame. The book frame is traversed by
a crank on the same shaft acting by a connecting rod on an oscillating lever, the
end of which is jointed to the traversing frame. The rocking shafts carrying the
yarn depressers are actuated by cranks and connecting rods from grooved cains on
a cross shaft geared to one of the driving shafts; and the rotation of the nipping
rolls is effected by means of toothed gearing from a driving shaft, one of the nipping
rolls being provided with a long spindle connected by a feather and groove with its
driving pinion.
.
The traversing motion of the nipping roll frame is timed so that the yarn is
delivered in frout and out of the path of each hook when it is traversing to its
inward position, and delivered into the holding end of the hook, before the hook
commences its outward traverse. The motion of each depresser is likewise timed
so that it depresses the yarn in front of the hook and retains it until the book
recedes with a loop of yarn.
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The improvements applied to the warping machine consist in fitting a series of
"detectors
or droppers in front or behind the reed or reeds through which the
yarn or thread is led from the usual bank of bobbins to the rolls of the machine
and arranging these detectors, by dropping when a thread fails or breaks, to act or
a revolving barrel and throw the belt guide out of action while also applying
brake to stop the machine. These "detectors or droppers are simply short ligh
rods or bars, in each of which there is a hole or eye at the upper end, throug
which a thread passes, and by its tension suspends the "detector." When a thread
fails or breaks, the corresponding detector falls, and drops on to a revolving barre
beneath, forined with longitudinal bars or ribs, which by the contact of the falle
detector prevents further rotation of the barrel. The barrel is suspended by links
$

page_text: and when its rotation is stopped it is pressed aside and thrown out of gear with its
driving pinion, and by this motion it strikes against and releases a spring or spring
lever which falls and shifts the belt guide and moves the driving belt from a fast
to a loose pulley. At the same time, the spring lever acted on, releases a weighted
lever and causes a brake strap to be applied to a brake pulley on one of the driving
shafts of the machine.
This arrangement of stop motion is conveniently applied to the warping machine
whether used alone for warping yarn which is to be linked by hand as usual, or
when combined with beaming apparatus, or with the improved apparatus herein
described for linking the yarn by mechanical means.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William McGee and Thomas Watson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 23rd August 1883.
WILLIAM MOGEE, and THOMAS WATSON, both of Paisley, in the County of
Renfrew, North-Britain, "IMPROVEMENTS
CHAINING OR LINKING YARN OR THREAD."
IN MACHINES FOR WARPING AND
Our said Invention has mainly for its object to effect by mechanical means the
operation, hitherto effected by hand, of linking into chains the yarn or thread
delivered from warping machines or similar apparatus. The Invention also
comprises improvements applied to ordinary warping machines for stopping such
machines when a thread breaks or fails.
The Invention is illustrated by the accompanying Drawings, in which Figure 1
is a side elevation, Figure 2 is a plan, and Figure 3 a front elevation of a
modification of our improved warping and linking machine. In carrying out the
Invention, a novel arrangement of mechanical devices for linking the yarn or
thread into chains, is combined, or fitted in connection with a warping machine,
which may be of the ordinary construction. In the arrangement shown, the
operations of warping and linking are combined in one machine, a frame V,
carrying the guiding reeds of the usual warping machine, being fitted in connection
with the main machine, and such frame is fitted with an improved "stop motion,"
or devices which operate to throw the driving mechanism of the machine out of
gear when a thread breaks or fails. The yarn or thread y passes in converging
lines from the usual "bank" of bobbins through a series of reeds fitted on the
warping frame and on the linking machine proper, and round a set of gripping and
drawing and guiding rollers to the linking hooks from which the yarn is delivered
in the form of a chain Y as indicated in figure 3.
The linking or chaining devices comprise a pair or series of nipping or drawing
rollers A, A, to which the yarn or thread y is led from the rollers of the ordinary
warping machine, or from the drawing rollers B, B, fitted on the improved machine,

page_text: over a guide pulley 6 and through a guiding eye c over the nipping or drawing
rollers A, A. These rollers A and the guiding eye c are carried in a light framing
hung on guide bars, and to which an intermittent reciprocating motion is imparted
in the longitudinal direction. Below the nipping rolls A is a sliding frame D
carrying a pair of large pointed snap hooks E, and reciprocating in a transverse
direction on guide bars d or in guide grooves, in such wise as to bring each hook E
alternately under the nipping rolls, which draw through the yarn and deliver it to
the hooks. These hooks E are each made in the form of a bent bar or shank with
a movable jointed limb E¹, which by closing or snapping against the hooked end of
the bar effectually retains the yarn within the hook, but which when pressed back
close to or within the fixed limb, opens the hook and allows the yarn to be pressed
back and relieved from it.
When either of the hooks E is traversed under the nipping rolls A, the frame C
carrying the rolls is traversed backwards, and by its motion guides the yarn, so
that it is delivered vertically into the hooked end of the hook bar E which then
travels back with the yarn in the form of a loop; and during its traverse the
jointed limb or snap is moved to close the hook by a jointed tappet f, against
which an arm e on the limb E' strikes. At the end of the back stroke, the
jointed limb or snap E¹ of the hook is moved in to open the hook by means of
a tappet f fixed on the framing, against which the reverse arm e¹ strikes. The
snap E¹ of each book is held both in its closed and in its open position by a
spring e' the end of which bears on the snap. In its inward traverse, the cross
arm e, e¹, of each hook passes over the tappet f which is jointed to yield in one
direction, but on the outstroke the cross arm is caught by the tappet and the
hook is closed. During the next instroke the loop of yarn is pressed back by
fixed guides or springs g, g, over the movable limb E' free of the hooked end, but
still hanging on the book shank E. The yarn as it comes from the nipping or
drawing rolls A is again caught and formed into a new loop, as the hook E makes
its next outward traverse, and at the same time the last formed loop is pressed by
the fixed guides g g' over the end of the now closed hook, as is indicated in
figure 2, and is drawn in the form of a loose link over the yarn forming the new
loop. The same operations are effected by the other hook E which comes inwards
to take the yarn from the rollers as the first hook recedes from them, and a
continuous series of loops or links is formed, resembling the links formed by hand.
The links thus formed may either be of the kind known as single chain or double
chain as indicated in figure 3.
In order to bring the yarn under the next hook after the formation of each new
loop, an oscillating depressing lever H is fitted on a rocking shaft H' at each side
of the nipping and drawing rolls, and each depresser is arranged to fall immediately
after the corresponding book E passes it on the outward stroke. These depresser
levers H also act as cam levers to press on guide rods i and regulate the action of
the bent springs g, g, which press on the reciprocating hooks E, and guide the last
formed loop over the movable limb or snap of each hook during its inward
traverse.
The motions of the reciprocating frames CD carrying the nipping rolls A and
the snap hooks E, and other moving parts are derived in any suitable way from a
common shaft J which may be, as shown, the shaft which drives the warping
rollers B. B. In the arrangement of actuating gearing which is illustrated, the
traversing motion of the nipping roll frame C, is obtained from a grooved cam K on
a borizontal shaft K₁ above the machine, driven by worm gearing k. k¹. k³. on
horizontal and vertical shafts K², K³, from the shaft K* carrying the drawing roller B,
or from the main shaft J of the warping or linking machine which is driven by a
belt L and fast and loose pulleys L', L. The grooved cam K acts on one end of a
lever M jointed to the machine frame, the lower end of which lever is jointed to
the reciprocating nipping roll frame C.
The hook frame D is traversed by a crank or crank disc N on the same shaft K¹
acting by a connecting rod N₁ on an oscillating lever N, the lower end of which is

page_text: jointed to the traversing frame D as is shown in figure 3. In Figure 2, the
the lever N2 and connecting rod N¹ are broken away to show the parts beneath.
The rocking shafts H carrying the yarn depressers Hare actuated by cranks h and
connecting rods h' from grooved cams H2 on the cross shaft K' which is geared to
one of the driving shafts, as K³. The rotation of the nipping rolls A is effected by,
means of toothed gearing a from a driving shaft a¹ on which is a pulley a³ driven
by a belt a passing over guide pulleys a to a pulley a on the main driving
shaft J, or one of the nipping rolls may be provided with a long spindle connected
by a feather and groove with a driving pinion behind.
The traversing motion of the nipping roll frame C is timed so that the yarn is
delivered in front and out of the path of each hook E when the latter is traversing
to its inward position, and delivered into the holding end of the hook E, before the
hook commences its outward traverse. The motion of each depresser H is likewise
timed so that it depresses the yarn in front of the hook and retains it until the
hook recedes with a loop of yarn. The various parts are carried in strong side
frames W as shown.
»
The improvements applied to the warping machine consist in fitting a series of
"detectors" or droppers o in front or behind the reed or reeds R through which
the yarn or thread is led from the usual bank of bobbins to the rolls B. B. of the
machine, and arranging these detectors by dropping when a thread fails or breaks
to act on a revolving barrel P and throw the belt guide out of action, while also if
desired applying a brake to stop the machine. These "detectors or droppers o
are simply short light rods or bars in each of which there is a hole or eye at the
upper end, through which a thread .y. passes, and by its tension suspends the
detector. When a thread fails or breaks, the corresponding detector o falls and
drops on to a revolving barrel P beneath, formed with longitudinal bars or ribs p
which are obstructed by the fallen detector and prevent further rotation of the
barrel P. The barrel P is suspended by links P¹, and when its rotation is thus
stopped, it is pressed aside by the rotation of the pinions Pa P³ by which it is
driven, and its pinion P³ is thrown out of gear with the driving pinion P3 which is
actuated by a pooley and a belt P4. By this motion a stud p' on one of the
suspending links P₁ strikes against and releases a spring or spring lever or catch
bar which is held by a catch q and to which is hung a weighted lever S which
falls when the lever is released. The lever S by this action raises an arm S¹ at
its other end, and by freeing a catch t from a notch, allows the hand lever T to be
acted on by a spring T¹ whereby the lever T is drawn towards the machine frame
and the shaft T on which it is fitted is rocked, and throws over a belt fork U at
its opposite end, so that the belt L is shifted from the fast pulley L' to the loose
pulley L. At the same time the falling weighted lever may cause a brake strap
to be applied to a brake pulley on one of the driving shafts of the machine. The
machine is re-started by drawing back the hand lever T against the power of the
spring T and depressing the end of the lever S with the arm S' to engage the
catch t and to raise the spring catch bar Q and the vertical spindle Q¹ which
support the cross bars q' by which the threads are raised to lift the detectors out of
contact with the barrel P.
This arrangement of stop motion may be conveniently applied to the ordinary
warping machine whether used alone for warping yarn which is to be linked by
hand as usual, or when combined with beaming apparatus, or with the improved
apparatus (herein described and shown) for linking the yarn by mechanical means.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention and the manner in which
the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim as our Invention is;-
First. The arrangement and combination of parts of apparatus forming a
machine for warping and linking or chaining yarn or thread, substantially as
herein described and illustrated.
Second. The arrangement and combination of mechanical devices for linking or
chaining yarn or thread substantially as herein described and illustrated.
Third. The combination with the frame C and nipping rollers A or equivalent

page_text: yarn delivering apparatus of traversing snap books (E) arranged to form the yarn
into links or chains substantially as herein described and illustrated.
Fourth. In a machine for linking or chaining yarn or thread, the snap hooks E
secured on a traversing frame and fitted with movable limbs or snaps which are
opened and closed by tappets on the fixed framing, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
Fifth. In a machine for linking or chaining yarn or thread, the combination of
the traversing snap hooks E with the depressers H and loop guides g, g¹,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Sixth. In a warping machine, or combined warping and linking machine, the
arrangement and combination of parts forming a stop motion, substantially as
herein described and illustrated.
Seventh. In a stop motion for warping machines, or for combined warping and
linking machines, the revolving barrel P carried in oscillating links and provided
with longitudinal ribs; acted on by detectors hung on the threads to throw out a
spring lever or catch acting on the belt fork substantially as herein set forth.
In Witness Whereof, we, the said William M'Gee and the said Thomas Watson,
have hereunto set our hands and seals this Twenty-first day of August, in the
year of our Lord, One thousand eight hundred and eighty three.
Witness
WALLACE FAIRWEATHER, Fel. Inst. P.A.
96 Buchanan Street
Glasgow.
WILLIA AT
שש
【L.B.)
THOMAS WATSON (L.S.)