An Apparatus for Regulating the Proportion Between the Tempera- ture of the Air and the Amount of Moisture therein.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Oct., 1893-Accepted, 16th Dec., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Apparatus for Regulating the Proportion Between the Tempera-
ture of the Air and the Amount of Moisture therein.
I, FRIEDRICH PAUL HÜNERWADEL, of 5 Schlaffhauserstrasse, Lenzburg,
Winterthur, Switzerland, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
It is well known that it is of great importance to maintain as much as possible
in weaving, spinning and similar factories a constant ratio between the temperature
of the air and the amount of moisture therein.
The object of this invention is to secure this result automatically.
Figure 1 in the accompanying drawings shews diagrammatically one way of
carrying out my invention and Figure 2 shews details of the same.
In Figure 1 the shorter arm of a lever pivoted at c carries a hygroscopic.
thread a provided with a float a' resting on the mercury a² of an air thermometer a³.
The longer arm e¹ of the lever is connected with a source of electricity E by
means of a stud E' and can make any one of the three contacts f¹, f, f³ of a
switch. The intermediate contact is connected with the conducting wire 1,
bobbin M', wire 2, contact ; and also with wire 3, bobbin M, wire 4, contact b¹.
Each bobbin M and M' is provided with a second independent winding which
connects them with contacts and f³ by means of the conducting wires 5 and 6 ;
and also with contacts d and d' by means of wires 7 and 8 so that f¹ and f³ are
connected electrically with d and respectively.
A switching bar g fitted with contact discs g¹, 92, 9³ serves to maintain the
electrical connection of the three points d, (b and ¹) and d. When an electric circuit
is completed through any of these conducting wires, the bobbin which is in that
particular circuit is energized and exerts its attraction on suitable armatures A, A.
Each armature A has a projection A¹ (see Figure 2) which gears with a ratchet
wheel ', (Figure 2) fitted with the claw i, i' of a claw coupling.
The
The claw on the other half of the coupling is loose on the shaft m.
coupling can be driven by any suitable means. Claws k, k¹ are attached to the
toothed wheels 1, 1, which are loose on shaft m.
The wheel is driven by means of toothed wheel n, keyed on shaft m and
toothed wheels o and g keyed on shaft p. The wheel imparts its motion to the
ratchet wheel through the friction of claws i and k so long as the ratchet wheel
is not prevented from revolving by the catch A' of the armature A.
If the armature A is attracted and consequently the ratchet wheel h and claw i
prevented from turning, claw k and wheel are shifted sideways. The boss r of
wheel is provided with a forked levert pivoted at s and consequently moving in
the direction of the arrow.
The belt shifting bar u provided with slots and v¹ in which engage the
pins v², v³ of levers t, shifts the belt w from pulley to pulley ¹. Pulley & turns
loosely on shaft y on which pulley a¹ and bevel wheel R are keyed.
The wheel R gears with a bevel wheel S on shaft Q by means of which both
the admission of heat or moisture is so regulated that when the admission of air
is completely opened the air moistening device is closed, and the air moistening
device is opened when the heating device is closed.
The sleeve Z which revolves loosely on shaft y is in constant connection with
pulley and bevel wheel P which gears also with S.
According as belt w is shifted onto pulley ¹ or x², wheel R or wheel P and
shaft Q revolves to the left or to the right as the case may be, a worm y' revolving
with shaft y actuates a worm wheel y² to which is attached a pawl y³. On the

page_text: opposite side of parts y¹, y², y³ are similar parts 2¹, 22, 2³. 2¹ revolves in the same
direction as y¹ but their pitch is not in the same direction so that y³, y and z², z³
move in opposite directions. A spring is inserted between the boss r and
ring
A bent lever J pivoted at j gears with the boss r.
The lower end of J is provided with a pawl Y which can come in contact with
the projection g of switching bar g when claw k is moved sideways. If the pawl Y
is in contact with a projection * of bar g, the projection X of pawl Y comes
under the lower end of bent lever J whilst on the return motion the pawl is
held up by a fixed pin Z.
On the right hand side of the apparatus is a similar bent lever Ji pivoted at j¹
fitted likewise with a pawl Y¹ which can come in contact with projections 9" on
switching bar
g.
The action is as follows:-
Supposing that the temperature rises and the moisture increases in the same
proportion the weight a² will rise to the same extent as the hygroscopic thread
shortens. The consequence is that lever el remains in its normal position. The
same occurs when the temperature and moisture decrease in the same proportion.
But if the air temperature increases and the air moisture decreases, the mercury
rises and a shortens and lever arm e¹ closes contact f¹. The sliding bar y should
then be in its intermediate position. The circuit is now as follows:-
:-
g
From source E the current goes to lever arm e¹ by means of the stud E', contact
disc f¹, wire 5, bobbin M, wire 7, contacts d, g³, d', g' and back to E, by the wire 9.
Armature A is attracted, claw k and wheel shifted to the right and thereupon
contacts d, g³, d', g' are broken. At the same time the upper end of levert moves
to the left. Pin 2 of this lever moves within the slot of the belt shifting bar u
until it comes in contact with the left hand extremity of this slot from whereupon
shifting bar u is moved and belt w passed over pulley a¹. When this has taken
place spring brings claw k again in contact with claw i. Pin u² moves
towards the right hand extremity of slot v. The length of slots v and v¹ are equal
to the width of the three pulleys. Shaft y will now rotate and drive shaft Q
through the medium of bevel wheels R and S. The admission of heat is closed
whilst the air moistening apparatus is opened. After shaft y has accomplished a
sufficient number of revolutions the pawl y³ striking on projection u¹ of shifting
bars u shifts the belt won to the loose pulley x.
Whilst claw and wheel 7 were moving to the right the bar g was displaced to
the left by the pawl Y coming in contact with one of the projections 9 so that
contact is made and contacts d, g³ and d¹, g¹ broken. The air temperature and
moisture are again in the proper proportion.
The current now runs from the source of electricity E to lever el, contact f³,
wire 1, bobbin M', wire 2, contacts b, g² and back to source E. ', is held fast
and k, move to the left so that belt w is shifted onto pulley. Shaft Q is
driven by bevel wheel P in a direction opposite to that in which it was driven
before by R. Q revolves until the belt w is passed again over loose pulley by the
striking of pawl 22 against projection u². The admission of heat and the air
moistening apparatus are now both half open, that is are in their normal position
again.
The advancement of k¹ and actuated pawl Y₁ which, gearing with the
projection 9 shifted the bar g to the right that is brought it back to its intermediate
position.
Should the air be too damp and cool the lever arm e³ will make contact at f and
the current flows from the source of electricity over e¹, f³, wire 6, bobbin M', wire 8
and through contact d', g' back to the source E.
Shaft is again driven by bevel wheel P and causes the admission of heat to be
opened completely and the air moistening apparatus to be closed. Switching bar g
is again shifted once more to the right by pawl Y' contacts b', g² are made whilst
contacts d, g and d¹, g² are broken. Bobbin M, conductor 3 and 4 are thereby
switched in if lever e¹ occupies its normal position, so that shaft Q is actuated again

page_text: by R and both air admission and air moistening apparatus brought back to their
intermediate position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
(1.) A device to automatically regulate the proportion between the air
temperature and the moisture therein, said device being dependent upon the action
of a thermometer fitted with a hygroscopic thread attached to a lever, the movement
of which sets in motion according to the existing relation of temperature to moisture,
a device which alters the admission of heat or moisture in such a manner that the
ratio of temperature to moisture is always kept constant.
(2.) A form of the device claimed in Clause 1 by means of which the motion of
a hygroscopic thread a lever is actuated in such a manner that the latter in its
actual position closes the circuit of an electro magnet which through the attraction
of an armature sets in motion a gearing which alters the temperature or the amount
of moisture according to the position of the said lever.
(3.) A form of the device claimed in Claim 2, which form is actuated by switches
so connected with each other and the windings of electro-magnets that when the
relation of air temperature to the amount of moisture therein is not the proper
proportion, a lever e¹ makes contact at f¹ or f³ whereby a current is caused to flow
into the winding of M' or M as the case may be, an armature A attracted, claw k or k¹
and spur wheel or displaced against the action of a spring for the purpose of
shifting by means of a levert and shifting bar u, a belt w onto pulley X or X'
and thereby by means of a bevel wheel P or R drive a shaft Q to close the
admission of heat and open the air moistening apparatus or vice versa, a bent
lever J and pawl Y shifting at the same time a switching bar g and switching in
another circuit so that both the air moistening device and the admission of heat
are half open, that is brought back to their normal position.
(4.) In the apparatus claimed in Claim 2 the arrangement of two worm wheels y¹
and whose pitches are in opposite directions said worm wheels being driven by
pulley X' or X' and shifting belt w onto a loose pulley by means of pawls y³ or 23.
1000
JOHN P. O'DONNELL,
70 & 71, Palace Chambers, Westminster, S. W.,
Agent for the said Applicant.