An Improved Cutter for the Manufacture of Dog-cakes and similar Artificial Foods for Game-birds, Poultry, and Animals, and Producing an Improved Cake for Feeding and Forage Purposes.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Apr., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 8th Jan., 1895-Accepted, 23rd Feb., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Cutter for the Manufacture of Dog-cakes and similar
Artificial Foods for Game-birds, Poultry, and Animals, and
Producing an Improved Cake for Feeding and Forage Purposes.
1, JOHN HENRY CLARK, of Crabbs Cross, near Redditch, in the County of
Warwick, Game, Poultry, and Dog-food Manufacturer and Pheasant Breeder, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
;
Í construct of steel, or of any metal usually employed for that purpose, a biscuit-
or cake-cutter which can be adapted to any ordinary biscuit-making machine
but the outer, or cutting-edge of a cutter made in accordance with my invention
differs from those in general use, inasmuch as I form it so that it shall produce
in the outer edge of the cake or biscuit a number of indentations the purpose
of which shall explain later on.
In the illustration shown, plan Fig. 1, these indenting parts of the cutting-edge
are four in number, marked A. B. C. D, the cutting edge being denoted as a whole
by these letters of reference and the additional letters E. E, E. E, E. E, E. E.
And for a cake-cutter of the size there given, namely, four inches and one-half,
by four inches, four indenting parts are sufficient but for larger sizes I may
increase the number should this increase be necessary to carry out the object of
my invention which is by means of an improved cutter to produce an improved
cake or biscuit, which can be more readily broken up for feeding and forage
purposes, and yet of sufficient solidity in all parts not to break to waste in storage
or in carriage, whilst as the parts usually left angular, are rounded off by the
cutter, the biscuit or cake has no angles to break off, or wear away by attrition.
To further carry out this object, I extend in a direct line between the respective
indenting parts of the cutter, a succession of metal projections fixed in the
supplementary plate, but rising from above the bed of the cutter to somewhat
more than half the height of the cutting-edge, these projections being generally
about one-quarter of an inch in length, and having an obtuse edge of somewhat
less than one-eighth of an inch in width: These successions of projections are
denoted in the fig. by F. F. and G. G respectively or in place of these pro-
jections, I may if I prefer it, use vertical wires of the same height above the bed
of the cutter, and arranged in "a line with intervals" like the wires of a perforating
machine.
Now it is evident that by means of a cutter as above described, a biscuit must
be produced having breakage liues extending between indentation and indentation,
and caused by the partial piercing through by the projections, or the wires, just
mentioned; and that the indentations themselves are the beginning and ending
points, of breakage.
And though the means of forming the breakage lines in the fig. given, extend
respectively vertically and horizontally, they may also, if I prefer it, extend
lozengy" provided that they range between indentation and indentation.
And the cake or biscuit produced by this cutter of my invention is an improved
cake inasmuch as the breakage lines being started by the indentations caused by
the cutter and continued by the part-depth punctures effected by the projections
or wires as above described, the cake is more easily broken up for use, and thus
when employed for the purpose of feeding dogs, game-birds, poultry, or animals,

page_text: or for domestic use, causes a saving both of labour and of time, especially since
cakes or biscuits used for this purpose are usually made of a paste which becomes
very hard in the process of baking.
Dated this 20th dow of dunil 1001
An Improved Cutter for the Manufacture of Dog-cakes and similar
Artificial Foods for Game-birds, Poultry, and Animals, and
Producing an Improved Cake for Feeding and Forage Purposes.
I, JOHN HENRY CLARK, of Crabbs Cross, near Redditch, in the County of
Warwick, Game, Poultry, and Dog-food Manufacturer and Pheasant Breeder, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
I construct of steel or of any metal usually employed for that purpose, a biscuit
or cake cutter which can be adapted to any ordinary biscuit-making machine; but
the outer or cutting edge of a cutter made in accordance with my invention differs
from those in general use inasmuch as I form it so that it shall produce in the
outer edge of the cake or biscuit a number of indentations, the purpose of which
I shall explain later on.
By referring to the drawing filed with my Provisional Specification it will be
seen that the indenting parts of the cutting edge are four in number marked
respectively A, B, C, D, the cutting edge being denoted as a whole by these letters
of reference, and the additional letters E, E, E, E, E, E, E, E. And for a cake
cutter of the size there given, namely, four inches and one-half by four inches, four
indenting parts are sufficient, but for larger sizes I may increase the number should
this increase be necessary to carry out the object of my invention, which is by
means of an improved cutter to produce an improved cake or biscuit which can be
more readily broken up for feeding and forage purposes, and yet of sufficient
solidity in all parts not to break to waste in storage or in carriage, whilst as the
parts usually left angular are rounded off by the cutter, the biscuit or cake has no
angles or corners to break off, or wear away by attrition.
And as a means of further facilitating the breaking up for use of the cake or
biscuit, when produced, I extend in a direct line between the respective indenting
parts of the cutting edge, a succession of metal projections, fixed in what is known
in the trade as the "supplementary plate," but passing through the "bed" of the
cutter, and rising above this bed to somewhat more than half the height of the
cutting edge above mentioned; these projections being generally about one-
quarter of an inch in length, and having an obtuse edge of somewhat more than
one-eighth of an inch in width, which lines of metal projections are denoted in the
drawing filed with my Provisional Specification by F, F. and G, G. respectively.
And though they are therein shown of the length-size which I have given, as
suitable for general feeding purposes, 1 may, if the purpose of my invention require
it, make these metal projections of greater length, and consequently fewer in
number, even if they should be reduced to one vertical and one horizontal pro-
jection; the primary object of these projectious, whatever number be used, being
simply to establish a breakage line between the respective indented parts of the
biscuit or cake.
Or, I may establish this breakage line between the respective indentations, by
using, in place of projections of the form above-mentioned, vertical projections
formed of round wire about one-eighth of an inch in diameter, and rising to the
same height above the bed of the cutter as would the longitudinal projections

page_text: described above, and arranged in a direct line, like the wires of a perforating
machine, between the indenting parts of the cutter, for the purpose of producing a
breakage line in the cake or biscuit.
And a cake or biscuit cutter made in accordance with my invention is also
provided with wire projections for the purpose of puncturing the paste, and thus
allowing the escape of steam from it in the process of baking, which being an
ordinary and well known addition to biscuit cutters, it is not necessary here to
describe.
And a biscuit cutter made in accordance with my invention is applied for use to
the cake or biscuit cutting machine in the manner and by the methods well known
in the trade.
Now it is evident that by means of a cutter constructed as above described,
a biscuit or cake must be produced having breakage lines extending between
indentation and indentation, and caused by the partial piercing through by the
projections or by the wires last mentioned; and that the indentations themselves
are the beginning and ending points of breakage.
And though the means of forming the breakage lines in the drawing filed with
my Provisional Specification extend respectively vertically and horizontally, they.
may also, if I prefer it, extend "lozengy," provided that they range between
indentation and indentation.
And the cake or biscuit produced by this cutter of my invention, is an improved
one, inasmuch as the breakage lines being started by the indentations caused by
the cutter and continued by the part-depth punctures effected by the projections,
or by the wires as above described, the biscuit or cake is more easily broken up for
use, and thus when employed for the purposes of feeding dogs, game birds, poultry,
or animals, or for domestic use, causes a saving both of labour and time, especially
since cakes or biscuits used for these purposes are usually made of a paste which
becomes very hard in the process of baking.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
A cake or biscuit cutter of the form and construction substantially as above
described, by means of which four or more indentations are formed in the outside
edge of the cake or biscuit, this cutter being also furnished with longitudinal
metal projections, or with wire projections of the kinds above-mentioned, for the
purpose of causing breakage lines extending across the cake or biscuit between
the opposite indentations on its outside edge, thus producing a cake or biscuit
which is an improved one, inasmuch as it can be the more readily broken up for
use in the various purposes above enumerated.
Dated this 7th day of January 1895.