IMPROVED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MAKING, FORGING, AND PUNCHING METAL NUTS, BOLTS, SPIKES, OB WASHERS
Year: 1861

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Marsden at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th February
1861.
I, JonN MARSDEN, of Orrell, near Wigan, in the County of Lancaster,
Screw Bolt Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MAKING, FORGING, AND PUNCHING
METAL NUTS, BOLTS, SPIKES, OB WASHERS," to be as follows:-
I propose to construct a cast-iron framing firmly supported, through which
passes a rotating shaft; on this shaft is fixed a plain rim disc, the outer
periphery of which I face with a cog ring, having a deep flange which is
turned and secured to the back of said disc. A friction roller is placed at the
back of the flange and opposite the ram (hereafter mentioned), its object being
to secure the various parts of the apparatus from injury, and to cause the disc
to revolve without oscillation. Upon the plane of the disc are placed two sets
of inclined planes (which planes may be of any number, but I prefer only
four). On a portion of the frame I place a cylinder in which a hollow ran
works; at one end, and each side of the ram, the die for forming the nut
works. In the hollow part of the ram I place a parallel punch; the other end
of the ram and punch is acted upon by the inclined planes before mentioned.
At the outer end of the cylinder I place a die in two halves (of the form of
the nut I intend to make); ono half of the die is fixed to the framing, the

page_text: other is made to open by a balance weight, and close by means of a cam fixed
upon the axle of the revolving wheel. At the outer end of this dic I place
another die or vice for holding the iron of which the nut is to be formed, one-
half of which die or vice is fixed to the frame; the other half is made to close
by means of a cam fixed upon the shaft, and open by means of a spring. I
also have a shaft working upon the frame, having a pinion fixed to it, which
works into the teeth on the disc before mentioned for giving motion to the
machine.
The working will be as follows:-The die or vice is opened by a spring; I
pass the heated iron through the vice and die to the end of the ram next the
The ram
die; the die and vice are now closed by means of the cams.
having been drawn back by the motion of the wheel, the inclined plane is
forced against the ram, the end of the ram next the die is forced against the
heated iron into the die forming the nut; after the nut has been formed the
vice is released by means of a spring; the second inclined plane is brought to
act upon the parallel punch which works in the centre of the ram, and forces
the bar out of the nut as formed, the die being now opened by a balance
weight and the nut allowed to fall out of the die, leaving a hole for tapping.
The cams are so placed relatively to one another and the inclined planes that
four nuts can be made at one revolution of the disc.
With some modifications in my apparatus I propose to make bolts, spikes,
or washers. I propose to make nuts by my machinery from bars of iron,
either such as nuts are usually made from, or from round rods or bars of
iron.