Improvements in and relating to Hydraulic Rivetting and Punching Machines.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Sept., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 15th June, 1889-Accepted, 20th July 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Hydraulic Rivetting and Punching
Machines.
I, WILLIAM ARROL, of the firm of William Arrol and Company of Dalmarnock Iron
Works, Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention
to be as follows:-
This Invention has reference to and comprises certain special improvements to be
applied to portable hydraulic rivetting or punching machines, and specially to those
described in the specification of Letters Patent granted to the present applicant
No. 3467 Sept. 14 1877 and specially suitable for heavy girder, bridge work, and
ship-work plating, and large boilers and other plate work which require to be rivetted
in their erecting or building position, and also suitable for dressing off the rivet
heads of previous rivets in counter-sunk "flush" rivetting work. Which improve-
ments will make such portable rivetting and punching machines more convenient for
various sizes and radial proportions of their acting levers and rams and enable their
compressing dies to act more directly over each other and enable the machines to be
swivelled and turned to suit angular and circular work, and be more universally
applicable and suitable for getting at close or confined places and angular corners of
the work, than has been possible with these machines as heretofore constructed.
The nature and novelty of the improvements consist all as follows:-First, as
applied to the modifications of these portable rivetters which have one of their
compressing levers fulcrumed on radial links some distance out from and oscillating
on a fixed centre on the lever carrying the stationary cylinder and working ram on
one end, and between this and the fixed die or bolster at the other end, and which
by these improvements has the motive end of the moving lever jointed and actuated
by a pressing link or links connected to the inner trunk end of the motive plunger,
instead of by a fixed rod or stem in the lever as heretofore, the outer circumference of
the eyes of these links sustaining the pressure and not their joint pins, which merely
keep the parts in their central moving position or path.
A further improvement consists, in connecting the outer joint end of the moving
pressing lever, and the upper end of its said pressing link or links by a parallel or
nearly parallel acting radial link, or it might be double links to a fixed radial centre
projecting up from the fixed lever towards the moving lever and the links on which
it oscillates, in such a position, as to guide the moving oscillating lever nearly parallel in its
action, with the axis of the hydraulic cylinder and ram, and also so that the moving
die or bolster at its other end over the fixed die or bolster, would move in a nearly
straight axial line out from and towards the-fixed die, and so compress the points of
the rivets vertically or in line with their axis; or when used as a punching machine,
punch the holes truly in line with the fixed die below. This new radial link, or links,
act in an analogous or equivalent manner to the radius parallel acting bars of grass-
hopper engines, or of Watt's parallel motion. Instead of these radial parallel acting
bars working on a fixed centre for guiding the outer end, of the oscillating beam of
these machines, the beam might be fitted with a light cross-head on this arm, guided
in vertical plane or segmental guides, either slotted or ribbed, secured to and
projecting up from the hydraulic cylinder, or lower lever so as to guide the crosshead
in the centre line of the hydraulic cylinder and ram.
Another improvement consists in hanging these portable rivetting and punching
machines by a large circular ring, or it might be two ring plates bolted together by
studs with a joint eye or snugs above, for attaching the shackle or hook of the hoisting
or lowering carrying chain.

page_text: This ring may be termed the shackle carrying ring of the whole, and which would
have an inner edge ring fitted to rotate within this double rimmed carrying shackle
ring, this inner ring rolating on steel rollers or ferrules carried on the studs bolting
the two rings of the outer shackle ring together. This inner vertical ring would
have bolted to it transverse plates, carrying gudgeon centres for the ends of a cross-
head or spindle swivelling in, and passing through a strong bracket projecting up
from the fixed beam lever of the hydraulic cylinder, all so that the whole rivetting
machine would swivel on this cross-head in the inner carrying ring, in whatever
position this ring was turned within the outer hanging ring, thus enabling the
rivetting machine to work, or oscillate and rivet or punch at any angle radially from
the vertical to the horizontal, within this inner ring, according as this ring and the
machine were turned within the outer sling ring. And a lever or radial toothed
sector or wheel might be fitted on this inner ring to turn it to any angular position
desired within the outer ring, by the persons attending the machine. When the
toothed ring was used, on the central ring frame carrying the whole machine, a
pinion with crank handle on a spindle mounted in bearings in the outer ring would
be employed for the turning of the inner ring frame and whole machine to the
angular position desired. And this hanging arrangement of duplex ring is applicable
to all forms of these portable rivetting and punching machines carrying hydraulic
rams for actuating their dies either direct or through oscillating levers.
DL: 101L 1
ca
1000
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
ار
Improvements in and relating to Hydraulic Rivetting and Punching
Machines.
I WILLIAM ARROL, of the firm of William Arrol and Company, of Dalmarnock
Iron Works, Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement in writing, reference
being had to the accompanying Two Sheets of Drawings, and to the letters and figures
marked thereon, that is to say :-
This Invention has reference to and comprises certain special improvements to be
applied to portable hydraulic rivetting or punching machines, and specially to those
described in the specification of Letters Patent granted to the present Applicant
No. 3467 Sept. 14 1877 in which the levers or beams oscillate on buckle bars and
suitable for heavy girder, bridge work, and ship-work plating, and large boilers and
other plate work which require to be rivetted in their erecting or building position.
The improvements will make such portable rivetting and punching machines more
convenient for various sizes and radial proportions of their acting levers and rams,
and enable their compressing dies to act more directly over each other, and the
machines to be swivelled and turned to suit angular and circular work, and be more
universally applicable and suitable for getting at close or confined places and angular
corners of the work, than has been possible with these machines as heretofore
constructed.
And in order that my said invention, and the manner of performing or carrying
the same into effect or practice may be properly understood, I have hereunto
appended Two explanatory Sheets of Drawings, in which the same reference letters
are used to indicate corresponding parts in all the Figures where shown. Figure 1
on Sheet 1 is a side elevation of a portable hydraulic rivetting machine as constructed
in accordance with my improvements, and in which the hydraulic cylinder D,
plunger D¹, and actuating pressing link D", are shown in section. Figure 2 is a
plan of the machine, and showing the water pipes, couplings, and valve fittings.
Figure 3 is a transverse sectional elevation as taken on the line 1
1 of, and at

page_text: right angles to Figure 1. And Figure 4 is a similar view, taken on the line 2--2
Figure 1 through the levers A A¹, and fixed centre B₁ of radius guiding bar B.
While Figure 5 is a horizontal section of the motive plunger D' as taken on the
line 3- 3 Figure 3. Figure 6 on Sheet 2 is a front elevation of the hanging
rings I, J, and turning mechanism on which the machine shown in Figures 1 to 5 is
carried and oscillates. Figure 7 is an edge view looking at the right of Figure 6
showing the turning lever 1, 3, and Figure 8 is a transverse section as taken on the
line 4 - - - - 4 Figure 6.
Referring to Figures 1 to 5 on Sheet 1 of these Drawings, the nature and novelty
of the improvements consist all as follows:-First, as applied to the modifications of
these portable rivetters which have one lever A' of their compressing levers A A¹,
fulcrumed on the outer centres C₁ of the radial buckle links CC, connecting both
levers A A', some considerable distance out from and also oscillating on a fixed
centre at 2 of these links CC, on the lever A carrying the actuating cylinder D
at the extreme end preferably of the long arm of the beam lever A, and between this
and the fixed dies or bolsters d', mounted at the extreme end of the short acting
arms of the levers A A'. The buckle links C, C, on which the levers A A¹ oscillate
at C, C³, are mounted by large eyes C1, C2, on bosses at C¹¹ and held together by a
central bolt and nuts (4 and jam nuts outside, which eyes and bosses C, take the whole
strain of the work and not the centre bolts Call as in my said former Patent; the buckle
links CC, in this case being preferably secured together by a bolt C¹¹ and strong stay (13
between them. The lever A although it oscillates on its centre C2, I will herein refer to as
the stationary lever, as it carries the acting cylinder D fixed to it with the moving
plunger or piston D', linked to the lever A1, A". By the present improvements
the motive end A¹¹ of the moving lever A¹ is jointed and actuated by the outer end
of a pressing link D", or it might be links connected to a removable joint block D'
secured to the inner trunk end of the motive plunger or piston D¹, instead of by a
fixed rod or stem in the lever as heretofore, the outer circumference of the eyes of
the link D sustaining the pressure in rivetting or punching as seen particularly in
Figures 1 and 3, and not their joint pins A, Din, which merely keep the parts
together in their central moving position or path.
A further improvement consists, in connecting the outer joint end All of the
moving pressing lever A¹ A" and the upper end of its said pressing link D" by a
parallel or nearly parallel acting radial link B, or it might be double links, to a fixed
radial centre at Bi in a bracket B2 projecting up from the fixed or cylinder lever A
towards the moving lever A¹ and the outer free end of the link A" on which it
oscillates, in such a position as to guide the moving oscillating lever A', A", nearly
parallel in its action, with the axis of the hydraulic cylinder D and ram D', and also
so that the moving die or bolster dat its other end over the fixed die or bolster d in
the lever A would move in a nearly straight axial line out from and towards the
fixed die d and so compress the points of the rivets of the work indicated in dotted
lines at Z Figure 1, vertically or in line with their axes; or when used as a punching
machine, punch the holes truly in line with the fixed die d below. In this arrange-
ment a joint hole B³, is preferably bored in the fixed bracket B2, near the centre of
gravity of the whole machine to carry it portably to swivel by a transverse spindle
and bow shackle or any other equivalent desired. This new radial link B or links act
to guide the lever A, A", in an analogous or equivalent manner to the radius
parallel acting bars of grass-hopper engines, or of the radial bars of Watt's parallel
motion. Instead of these radial parallel acting bars B working on a fixed centre B
for guiding the outer end of the oscillating beam lever A¹, A", of these machines, the
end A of the beam lever A¹, A", might be fitted with a light cross-head of this arm,
guided in vertical plane or segmental guides, either slotted or ribbed, secured to and
projecting up from and on each side of the hydraulic cylinder D or lower lever A, so
as to guide the crosshead in the centre line of the hydraulic cylinder D and ram D¹.
The plunger or piston D¹ of the cylinder D of this portable rivetter, is constructed
substantially similar to the motive cylinders of ny said former Patent, with a small

page_text: annular water space and piston c fitted with a gland and cup ring c with cover D³.
The inner large piston part a of the plunger D' filling the cylinder D), is fitted with a
screwed on disc or end plate at 61, 61, inside the piston part a with one cup leather
at a¹, or it might be two disc bent cup leathers. The valves and water coupling
fittings to the hose of the water pressure pipes, are also fitted and constructed
substantially as described in the Specification of the said former Patent; and lettere: to
correspond.
Referring to Figures 6, 7 and 8 on Sheet 2 :-Another improvement consists in
hanging these portable rivetting and punching machines by the said eye B³ in the
bracket B2 of the lever A to a spindle I of an inner ring frame I to 12 carried in a
large circular outer ring J, or preferably two ring plates J, J, bolted together by stud
bolts J¹ with rollers J₁ on them and with a joint eye and snugs above at J², for
attaching by a bolt J³ a hanging shackle or hook J* of the hoisting or lowering
carrying chain. This outer ring J to J2 may be termed the shackle carrying ring of
the whole, and has the inner edge ring frame II", fitted to rotate within it, this
inner ring rotating on steel rollers or ferrules at J" carried on the studs J' bolting
the two rings JJ, of the outer shackle ring together. This inner vertical ring I', [',
has bolted to it transverse plates J carrying gudgeon centres at 12 for the end
journals of the crosshead spindle which carries the rivetting machine to swivel on,
the spindle I being passed through and secured by collars and nuts I¹¹, to the
bracket B2 projecting up from the fixed beam lever A of the hydraulic cylinder D,
all so that the whole rivetting machine will swivel on this crosshead I in the inner
carrying ring frame 1' 1" in whatever position this ring was turned within the outer
hanging ring, thus enabling the rivetting machine to work, or oscillate, and rivet or
punch at any angle radially from the vertical to the horizontal, within this inner
ring II according as this ring frame II", and the machine were turned within
the outer sling ring J to J³. A radial notched or toothed wheel is cut at ; on the
periphery of the inner ring 11 I", to turn it to any angular position desired within
the outer ring J J, by a hand lever j¹, j, fulcrumed at to links 3 secured loosely
by a bolt to the one side of the outer rings J, J, all so that the point of the hand
lever takes into the teeth j of the inner carrying ring I, I, to turn it when the
attendant raises and reciprocates the handle of the lever. When a toothed ring or
sector was used, on the central ring frame I carrying the whole machine, a pinion
with crank handle on a spindle mounted in bearings in the outer ring J J, would he
employed for the turning of the inner ring frame I', I and whole machine to the angular
position desired. And this hanging arrangement of duplex ring I to 12 and J to J³ is
applicable generally to all forms of portable rivetting and punching machines carrying
hydraulic rams for actuating their dies, either direct or through oscillating levers, as
well as those described in reference to Figures 1 to 5 on Sheet 1.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
First. The construction, or arrangement and combination of the parts of an
hydraulic rivetting or punching machine, substantially as herein described, in
reference to and shown in Figures 1 to 5 of the accompanying Drawings.
Second. In portable hydraulic rivetting or punching machines, the jointing or
connecting of the motive end of the moving lever A' A¹ to, and actuating it by a
pressing link D" or links connected to the inner trunk end D2 of the plunger
piston D', substantially as and for the purposes herein described in reference to and
shown in the accompanying Drawings.
Third. In portable hydraulic rivetting or punching machines, the construction and
use of a parallel or nearly parallel acting radial link or links B jointed to a fixed radial
centre B on the cylinder lever A and to the moving centre A bf the links and
end A of the lever A', or other equivalent parallel mechanism for guiding the outer
joint end A of the link D" and lever A' A", substantially as and for the purposes
herein described, in reference to and shown in the accompanying Drawings.

page_text: Fourth. The carrying of oscillating portable hydraulic rivetting and punching
machines on a crosshead or spindle I mounted to turn on an inner ring frame I¹I" I
at right angles to the swivelling centre of the machine, in an outer shackle sling
ring to J, substantially as and for the purposes herein described in reference to
and shown in Figures 6, 7, and 8 of the accompanying Drawings.
DL 151 1
T1000
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.