Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Dec., 1898-Accepted, 28th Jan., 1899
A communication from abroad by CHARLES EDWARD MANNING, of 296, West Madison
Street, in the City of Chicago, County of Cook, State of Illinois, United
States of America, Engineer.
I, PHILIP MIDDLETON JUSTICE, of 55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Fellow of the
Chartered Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :--
This invention relates to a boiler furnace.
The objects to be accomplished by this invention are as follows:
(a). An arrangement of grate coils in a boiler furnace so connected to the boiler
as to secure an efficient circulation therethrough;
(b). A grate surface wherein the air draft may be regulated and controlled;
(c). A grate surface wherein cleaning of the same of ashes and clinkers may be
easily effected;
(d). The improvement in the general construction and arrangement of the grates
of a boiler furnace, whereby the same is rendered more efficient in effecting steam
generation; and other advantageous results which will appear more fully herein-
after.
In the practical, efficient and economical operation of steam boilers, and in order
to maintain the same free from deposits of scale, mud or other sediment, to the end
that the highest efficiency of the heat in effecting steam generation may be secured,
it is exceedingly desirable to maintain a constant and efficient circulation of the
water through the boiler. In order that this result may be accomplished without
loss of heat, the circulating coils are arranged in the furnace chamber and are
heated by the furnace fires. If the circulating coils form the grate surface, it is
evident that only a portion of the surface thereof is exposed to the fire, while an
equally large portion is presented to the draft air, whereby the efficiency of the heat in
effecting steam generation in the coils is materially decreased and impaired in over-
coming the cooling effect of the draft air coming in contact with the under
surface of the grate coils. Moreover, different sizes, grades and quality of coal
require different degrees of air draft, in order that the full steam generating power
of the heat produced therefrom may be utilized to the best advantage.
In the case
of the circulating coils forming the grate surface, the desired regulation of the
draft is difficult of efficient attainment. Moreover, ash and cinders collect in and
around the grate or circulating coils, thereby making it difficult to clean the same
of clinkers and the like, the presence of which materially and injuriously affect the
degree of steam generation.
It is the purpose of the present invention to provide a construction and
arrangement of grate whereby the objections above noted are avoided, and wherein
the coils in the furnace chamber are employed not only for circulation coils during
the generation of steam, but for the purpose of heating the feed water supplied to
the boiler and the purpose of blowing off in order to clean the boiler of sediment

page_text: or deposit, thereby maintaining, not only the boiler, but also the coils and pipes
free from such deposits and hence utilizing every available heat atom for steam
generation. Means are also provided whereby the draft may be regulated to suit
the exigency of any particular size, grade or quality of coal, and whereby the
degree of steam generated may be regulated easily and quickly, and whereby the
grate or circulation coil may be entirely surrounded by the fires, whereby ample
provision is made for expansion and contraction, removal and renewal of worn or
burnt grate bars, and for easily and readily cleaning the grate bars of ash, clinkers
and the like.
In the accompanying drawings illustrating an operative embodiment, of means
in accordance with the invention-
Fig. 1 is a view in vertical longitudinal section of a boiler furnace with the
invention applied thereto.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the fire grate shewing the arrangement thereon of
the circulating coil.
Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view on the line 3, 3, in Fig. 2, looking in the
direction of the arrow, shewing in dotted lines a displaced position of the dumping
grate bars.
Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view of same on the line 4, 4, Fig. 3, looking in
the direction of the arrow.
Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view on the line 5, 5, Fig. 2, looking in the
direction of the arrow.
The same parts are designated by the same reference signs throughout the
several views.
A designates a boiler, B the boiler setting and C the furnace chamber. Arranged
to be received in the furnace chamber is a removable framework D), for supporting
the grate surface and the circulating coil presently to be described. Suitably
formed on, or otherwise secured to the side pieces of the grate-supporting frame-
work D are hangers E, in which are received side bars F. At the upper edge of
Fig. 2, the over-lying circulating coil is broken out in order to shew the arrangement
of hangers E, and the side bar F, the arrangement being such that said side bars F
are permitted a free vertical movement by the hangers E, said hangers receiving
the ends of said side bars. These side bars F are provided with seats G (see
Fig. 3), in which are received gudgeons or journal ends H, of transversely arranged
rocking bars J, one end of each of said transverse bars J being received in a seat
or bearing G, formed in a side bar F, on one side of framework D, and the other
end of said transverse bar being received in a corresponding seat or journal bearing
formed in the side bar F, on the opposite side of framework D as most clearly shewn
in Fig. 4. Upon each transverse bar J is independently mounted two or more sections
of grate bars K. In order to facilitate the removal of individual grate bars for
repair or renewal in case it should become injured, broken or burnt out each grate
bar section K, is provided with a kerf or seat formed on the under side thereof and
about midway its length, which is arranged to straddle its transverse supporting
bar J, as most clearly shewn in Fig. 5. By this construction it will be readily seen
that each grate bar may be readily and independently removed by merely lifting it
out of its seat on its transverse supporting bar J. In order to properly receive and
support the grate bars K, each transverse bar is provided with lugs L, arranged on
opposite sides of each grate bar K, as most clearly shewn in Figs." and 3.
From the foregoing description it will be seen that there is provided a grate
surface composed of separate and independently mounted sections of grate bars,
which may be independently removed in case of necessity.
In order that the grate may be readily and easily cleaned of ash or clinkers,
there is provided means for rocking the transverse bars J. This result may be
effected in any suitable or convenient manner, and either independently or
simultaneously. In the particular form shown, to which, however, the invention is
not limited or restricted, there is formed with or otherwise suitably secured to each
transverse bar J, an arm M (see Figs. 3, 4 and 5) to which is secured an operating

page_text: connection N. When this is reciprocated endwise all the transverse bars Jare
rocked about their trunnions or gudgeons, thereby rocking each set of grate bars K
as clearly indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 3. In this manner the grate surface
may be kept clean and free from ash clinkers or the like.
Reference sign O designates a continuous coil of pipe arranged to be suitably
supported upon the framework D, and above the surface of the grate bar
sections K, and in order that this coil may not interfere with the proper action of
the grate bars when being rocked, said coil and grate bar sections are so arranged
that said sections will rock in the space between adjacent legs of the coil O, as
most clearly shewn in Figs. 2 and 4. The coil O is preferably a continuous pipe
bent into "S" coils. The front end of this coil on one side of the furnace chamber
is connected through pipe P, with the front end of the boiler at a point about the
water level, as clearly shewn in Fig. 1, and the rear end of this grate coil on the
opposite side of the furnace chamber is connected through pipe Q to the rear end
of the boiler at its lowest point, as indicated in Fig. 1. This is a most important
arrangement, for the reason that the circulating or grate coil is connected at one
end to the boiler at a point, viz., the lowest part of the rear end of the boiler, and
hence at a point where the water contained in the boiler is coldest and hence the
heaviest, while the other end of the circulating or grate coil is connected to the
front end and at the upper part of the boiler where the water is hotter and hence
lighter than the rear end connection of the circulating coil with the boiler. From
this construction and arrangement it will be seen that water is drawn from the
boiler at a point where it is coldest and heaviest, passes through the fire chamber
where it is heated to a high degree and hence converted into steam whence it arises
through pipe connection P, and delivers into the boiler at a point where the boiler
heat is greatest; therefore, a constant and efficient circulation of water is
maintained, not only throughout the boiler, but also throughout the heating or
circulating coils O, thereby preventing the deposit of scale, mud or the like upon
the boiler or the circulating pipes, and hence enabling every atom of heat applied
to the boiler to perform work in generating steam and not requiring such heat to
become dissipated in heating through scale or mud deposits. Moreover, by the
provision of continuous or "S" coils in the fire chamber, the circulation of the
water through such coils is free and unobstructed, and the use of joints, which
rapidly get out of order, due to the expansion and contraction of such coils under
the influence of the heat to which they are subjected, is avoided. By arranging
the grate coils O above the surface of grate bars K, it is possible to completely
surround said coils with the fire and avoid the objection of said coils becoming
imbedded in ash or clinker, and therefore every atom of heat produced from the
fuel is utilized to the best advantage.
The pipes P and Q are arranged within the boiler casing and hence there is no
appreciable loss of heat in the passage from the grate coils to the boiler.
In order to secure the best possible results and adapt my construction to the use
of fuel of different sizes grades and qualities, and also in order to properly and
suitably regulate the amount of air draft, it is important to provide means for
adjusting the grate surface toward and away from the grate or circulating coils O.
In order to accomplish this result there is suitably and pivotally mounted upon side
pieces of framework D the angle or cam levers R, arranged in position to engage,
when rocked, the side bars F, and to raise or lower the same. By suitably arranging
these angle or cam levers R in series to engage the side bars Fat various points
throughout the length thereof, and suitably connecting up all the angle of cam
levers R to be simultaneously actuated, it will be seen that the side bars F,
carrying with them the transverse bars J, and the series of grate bars K, will be
bodily raised or lowered towards or from the circulating or grate coil O. This
result may be attained in many specifically different arrangements. In the
particular form shewn, to which, however, the invention is not limited or restricted,
all the angle or cam levers R are connected on the same side of framework D with
a common rod or connection, to links T, suitably connected together by a

page_text: cross bar U, and adapted to be swung or rocked as occasion may require, by means
of an operating handle V, or in any other suitable or convenient mauner. Thus it
will be seen that when the operating handle V is operated or rocked, the bars or
connections S, are projected longitudinally thereby rocking angle or cam levers R,
and hence raising or lowering side bars F carrying with them transverse bars J,
and grate bars K, and hence adjusting the grate surface towards or away from the
grate coils O, thereby regulating the supply of air to the fire. It will be observed
that this adjustment does not affect or impair the capability or the facility with
which the grate surface may be rocked.
Many different arrangements may be provided for maintaining transverse bars J,
or the gudgeons or journals thereof, in the seats G, in side bars F. For instance,
said side bars F, may be provided with a flange A', adjacent to and beneath each
seat G, (see Figs. 3 and 4), under which engages a lip or projection B¹, formed on
the end of the transverse bar J.
If desired, coil O, may be provided with a blow-off connection C¹ (see Fig. 2),
and also, if desired, a feed water connection may be made with said coil, as
indicated at D1, whereby the feed water may be run through the grate coils before
being delivered to the boiler, thereby heating the same, but of course, it will be
understood that when the blow-off is in operation, the connection P should be
closed, and when feed water is being introduced to the boiler the boiler connection Q,
should be closed.
It will be seen that the grate, and also the heating coils, are wholly supported
upon framework D. This framework is arranged to be placed within the furnace
chamber, and therefore in the use of the invention it is necessary to provide a
special construction of fire arch or bridge wall, as the grate, and also the grate coils,
are supported wholly independently of the brick work, masonry or setting of the
boiler. This is a material and an advantageous feature of the invention, for the
reason that the entire construction of grate may be easily and readily removed from
the furnace for repairs or renewal without in any manner injuring or altering the
setting or brickwork or the fire arch of the boiler.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is:-
1. In the boiler furnace, the arrangement, with respect to each other, of the
heating coil and fire grate, whereby the fire draft and the area of said coil to be
exposed to the fire may be regulated substantially as herein described and shewn in
the accompanying drawings.
2. In a boiler furnace, a grate surface and means to raise and lower said grate
surface, substantially as herein described and shewn in the accompanying
drawings.
3. In a boiler furnace, a coil having circulating connections with the boiler in
combination with a grate surface, and means for moving said grate surface towards
or away from said coil, substantially as herein described and shewn in the
accompanying drawings.
4. The construction, arrangement and combination of parts in a boiler furnace,
substantially as herein described and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
5. In a boiler furnace, a heating coil arranged in the furnace chamber and having
circulating connection with the boiler, in combination with a movable fire grate
arranged beneath said coil and in a plane parallel therewith, and means for raising
and lowering said grate towards and from said coil whereby the fire draft and the
area of said coils to be exposed to the fire may be regulated, substantially as herein
described and shewn in the drawings hereunto annexed.
6. In a boiler furnace, a heating coil arranged within the furnace chamber and
having circulating connections with the boiler, a grate surface and pivotally mounted
levers arranged to raise and lower said grate surface towards and away from said

page_text: coils, and means for rocking said levers, substantially as herein described and shewn
in the drawings hereunto annexed.
7. In a boiler furnace, a framework independently and removably arranged
within the furnace chamber, a fire grate movably mounted on said framework, a
heating coil carried by said framework and having circulating connection with the
boiler, and means for adjusting said fire grate towards and from said coil, substan-
tially as herein described and shewn inin the drawings hereunto annexed.
8. In a boiler furnace, a framework arranged within the fire chamber and having
guiding hangers, side bars arranged to be received loosely in said hangers and
having journal seats, transverse bars arranged to be journaled in said seats, grate
bars carried by said transverse bars, and means for raising and lowering said side
bars, in combination with a heating coil mounted on said framework and above said
grate, said coil having circulating connection with the boiler, substantially as herein
described and shewn in the drawings hereunto annexed.
9. In a boiler, a continuous pipe bent into "S" coils, arranged in the furnace
chamber one end of said continuous coiled pipe connected with the lowest point of
the boiler at the rear end thereof, and the other end of said pipe connected to
the front end of the boiler at about the water level, in combination with a fire grate
arranged beneath said coil and in a plane parallel therewith, and means for raising
and lowering said grate towards and from said coil, substantially as herein described
and shewn in the drawings hereunto annexed.
10. In a boiler, a heating coil arranged in the furnace chamber and having
circulating connection with the boiler, in combination with a frame arranged in
the furnace chamber, grate bars supported upon said frame and arranged beneath
and in a plane parallel to said coils, means for raising and lowering said grate bars
bodily towards and from said coils and means for relatively rocking said bars,
substantially as herein described and shewn in the drawings hereunto annexed.
11. In a boiler furnace, a heating coil arranged in the furnace chamber, and
having circulating connection with the boiler, in combination with a frame arranged
in the furnace chamber, grate bars mounted in said frame, said bars being arranged
beneath said coil and in a plane parallel therewith, means for raising and lowering
said frame and means for relatively rocking said grate bars, in said frame,
substantially as herein described and shewn in the drawings hereunto annexed.
12. In a boiler furnace, a heating coil arranged in the furnace chamber and
having circulating connection with the boiler, in combination with a frame arranged
in the furnace chamber, a grate mounted in said frame and arranged beneath and
in a plane parallel to said coil, said grate comprising side bars and transverse bars,
said transverse bars being journaled at their ends in said side bars, and grate bars
mounted on said transverse bars, means for raising and lowering said grate towards
and from said coil, and means for rocking said transverse bars substantially as
herein described and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
13. In a boiler furnace, a heating coil arranged in the furnace chamber and
having circulating connection with the boiler, in combination with a frame arranged
in the furnace chamber, side bars movably mounted in said frame, said side bars
arranged beneath said coil and in a plane parallel therewith, transverse bars
journaled in said side bars, grate bars independently and removably supported upon
said transverse bars, means for raising and lowering said side bars towards and
from said coil, and independent means for rocking said transverse bars, substantially
as herein described and shewn in the drawings hereunto annexed.
T 2017
1000