Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Oct., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 16th July, 1895-Accepted, 21st Sept., 1895
3547
privation TOWN OUT. 1034
Complete Specification Left, 16th July, 1895-Accepted, 21st Sept., 1895
Figure 2 is a plan.
Figure 3 is a bottom view of the rear portion of the machine.
Figure 4 is an enlarged detail plan of the escapement pawls and their support.
Figure 5 is a rear elevation of the escapement pawls and their support.
Figure 6 is a detail of the rear space bar.
A is the frame of the machine. This may be of any suitable construction. A¹ is
the top plate. A is a downward directed rib extending transversely across the
rear of the lower portion of the machine. A' is a stop rail extending transversely
across the front of the lower portion of the machine at substantially the level of
the rib, A. Ordinary key-levers, B, each having a finger piece, B, at one end
and a notch, B2, at the other end are located in a horizontal plane beneath the
rib, A', and the stop rail, A3, said rib entering said notch and forming hinges in
a line at right angles to the key-levers and the top of the key-lever resting against
the stop rail. A cross-rail, A', extends horizontally beneath the keys, B, at right
angles to the length of the latter, and springs, a', are interposed between said cross
rail and each of the key-levers, B, to hold the latter in the elevated position against the
rib, A', and the stop rail, A³. This construction is not new. B is a bar extending
borizontally beneath and at right angles.to the key-levers, B. From each end of.
said bar an arm, B', is extended at right angles to said. bar and horizontally along.
the adjacent side of the frame, A, and hinged to the latter as by a bolt, B³. This
construction allows the bar, B', to be moved up and down, but it cannot be changed,
from its horizontal position. In other words, said bar must remain parallel to the
series of keys, B. If any portion of said bar is depressed or made to rise, every
portion of it must descend or rise correspondingly.
A ratchet bar, C, is located above the rear portion of the top plate, A¹, and
parallel to the rear side of the machine, and the front edge of said bar is provided
with oblique ratchet teeth, c', the oblique faces of the teeth being toward the left
hand side of the machine. Arms, C, extend rearward and are hinged to
standards, Co, rising from the top plate. This construction adapts the rock shaft
to oscillate bodily in a vertical path in the same manner as the bar, B³, may be
oscillated. A link, C, extends from the middle of the bar, B', through the top
plate, A, to the middle of the bar, C, and is secured to the latter by a hinge, &,
and to the former by a hinge, b³. A turn buckle, C, or equivalent mechanism is
applied to the link, C, for the purpose of varying the distance between the bars, B³,

page_text: and C. A. contracting spring, 02, is attached by its upper end to the top plate, A',
as at 3, and at its lower end to the sliding block, C³, surrounding the link, C, and
adapted to be secured in the desired position on said link, by a set screw, c. By
its tendency to contract, said spring, C, holds the 'link, C, normally in the elevated
positions The elevation of the bar, B', links, and ratchet bar, G., is, of course,
limited by the elevation of the key-levers, B. Tension of the springs, C², is varied
by moving the block, C³, up or down.
D is the platen carriage. As said carriages are well known and the application
of the platen thereto is well understood, I deem it unnecessary to illustrate these
parts in detail. The carriage moves on suitable horizontal ways, D¹. At about
the middle of the carriage, a bracket, E, (see Figure 4) is secured rigidly by
screws, e¹, or otherwise, and extends rearward from the rear portion of said
carriage almost to the ratchet bar, C. Immediately below the normal level of
said "bar, C, and at the right hand side of said bracket a dog; E, is attached
rigidly to said bracket far enough rearward to extend into the 'notches between the
teeth, c, when the bar, C, is depressed. A plate, E', (see Figures 1 4 and 5)
is applied flatwise to the left hand side of the bracket; E, and hinged thereto
by the horizontal bolt, e. so that said plate may oscillate in a vertical plane with
said bolt as a centre. At the top said plate has a shoulder, E³, extending over
and resting normally upon the upper face of said bracket. At the left hand side
of said plate, E, and at the normal level of the bar, C, there is a dog, E', (see
Figure 4), extending normally between two of the teeth of the bar, C. Above
and below said dog is a horizontal flange, E, each supported by the plate, E².
The dog, E, is hinged near its forward end upon its vertical axis as by means
of a shaft, E', extending vertically through said dog and said flanges: At the
rear of said hinge an expanding spring, E8, is located in a cavity, E. and presses
against said dog and tends to turn the latter on its hinge toward the left of the
machine. An adjusting screw, E10, extends horizontally through the dog, E,
forward of the hinge, E', and serves ag an adjustable stop for limiting the
movement of said dog upon its hinge,. the point of the screw being adapted to
bear against the plate, E², when said dog has been turned the desired distance
toward the left.
and
In operation, the depression of one of the key-levers, B, will cause the bar, C',
to descend below the level of and out of engagement with the dog, E'. As soon
as released, the dog moves forward in response to the pressure of the spring, E³,
the adjustment of the screw; E", being such as. to allow said forward movement.
to be equal to the space between two teeth, c. Onso descending; the bar, C,
brings a tooth: 0; into engagement with the dog, E, simultaneously with the release
of the dog, E. On 'rising, said bar again releases itself from the dog, E',
engages with the dog, Es, by a tooth; c, in advance of the one which was last in
engagement: The strain of the carriage toward the left (through the usual-spring
not shown herein) draws the dog, E, against the tooth with which it is in
engagement and turns said dog upon its hinge against the pressure of the
spring Es, untilusaid dog again rests against the plate, E. Thus the carriage
is allowed to move toward the left one letter space without breaking the
engagement of said dog. When another-key-lever is depressed, the operation.
is repeated!
1
In order to permit the carriage to be turned to the right without changing the
level of the bar, C, or the level of said dogs; I provide the dog, E', with a vertical
hinge joint; E, whereby the front portion, e, of said dog may turn to the left
independently of the top of said dog, and is held by the plate, E, against
independent movement to the right. A spring, E", is secured by one end to
the top of said dog and presses by the other end against the portion; e, and
keeps the latter normally in line with the top of said dog.
In drawing the carriage to the right while the dog, E', is at the same: level
as the bar, C, the portion, e, of the dog, E', yields to the resistance of each
100th, c, and bends to the lett, thus passing the tooth. The radius between the

page_text: hinge, El, and the point of the dog is so short, that said point readily swings
toward the front of the machine a distance equal to the length of the teeth, c.
I have also made provision for elevating the dog, E', above the normal level of
the bar, C, whereby said dog is supported entirely out of engagement with said
bar and the carriage may be moved freely in either direction. For this purpose
rock shaft, F, is located in the horizontal position over the rear portion of the
carriage and resting in a bearing, F2, at the middle of said carriage and in a
bearing, F, at one end of said carriage. From the plate, E, an arm F, rises to
a point above said rock shaft. In said arm is a slot, f, extending at its lower end
toward said plate and having its upper portion extending at a right angle away
from said lower portion and radially away from said rock shaft. An arm, F³,
rises from said rock shaft and extends laterally into said slot and rests normally in
the lower portion of said slot. A spring, f, is secured to said carriage and
arranged to press said arm, F, rearward so as to hold it normally in the lower
portion of said slot, f. At the end of the rock shaft, F, which extends to the end
of the carriage, an arm, F, extends downward and rearward. A key-lever, F', is
located above the adjacent end of the carriage and extends at the rear beneath the
arm, F, and has its other end extended forward where it may be conveniently
reached by the hand of the operator. At its middle it is hinged on a horizontal
axis as upon the support, f.
Normally the arm, F, cannot be depressed and the plate, E2, raised on the
hinge, e, for the arm, F, rests in the lower portion of the slot, 14, and the upper
wall of this portion of the slot rests against said arm and prevents downward or
rearward movement of the latter. But by depressing the forward end of the key-
lever, F, the arm, F6, is pressed upward and rearward and the rock shaft, F, so
rotated as to throw the arm, F, forward out of its engagement in the lower portion
of the slot, f. The arm, F', and the plate, E, may now turn upon the axis, e²,
and the arm, F³, may change position in the portion of the slot, f, which is radial
to the rock shaft. On depressing the key-lever, F; further, the arm, F, is pressed
against the front wall of the slot, f, and the arm, F, drawn forward and down-
ward, the front wall of said slot sliding on said arm. This locking mechanism
practically prevents the elevation of the dog, Es, by all means excepting the depression
of the front end of the key-lever, F.
A plate, G, may be interposed between the bar, B³, and the keys, B, and
screws G, extended upward through the bar, B³, against the plate, G. The time
at which the escapement operates with reference to the depression of the keys, B,
may be varied: but the chief object of said adjustable plate is to effect a uniform
engagement of the key-levers, B, across the entire key-board. If from any cause
the bar, B, should be depressed at one side, the screw, G, at that side may be
moved upward so as to bring the plate, G, at that side of the machine into proper
engagement with the key-levers, B.
Dated this 16th day of October 1894
J. G. LORRAIN.
Improvements in Typewriters.
A communication from abroad by THE REMINGTON-SHOLES TYPEWRITER
COMPANY, United States of America.
I, JAMES GRIEVE LORRAIN, of Norfolk House, Norfolk Street, Strand,
London, W.C., in the County of Middlesex, Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My improvements relate particularly to escapement mechanism for the platen

page_text: vention being to attach as
little mechanism to the carriage as may be, and another object being to make a
simple and effective connection between the key-levers and the escapement
mechanism.
In the drawings left with the Provisional Specification,
Fig. 1 is a vertical section in the line a-b of Fig. 2.
Fig. 2 is a plan.
Fig. 3 is a bottom view of the rear portion of the machine.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail plan of the escapement pawls and their support.
Fig. 5 is a rear elevation of the escapement pawls and their support.
Fig. 6 is a detail of the rear space bar.
A is the frame of the machine. This may be of any suitable construction.
A is the top plate. A is a downward directed rib extending transversely across
the rear of the lower portion of the machine. A is a stop rail extending
transversely across the front of the lower portion of the machine at substantially
the level of the rib, A. Ordinary key-levers, B, each having a finger piece, B¹,
at one end and a notch, B³, at the other end are located in a horizontal plane
beneath the rib, A, and the stop rail, A³, said rib entering said notch and forming
hinges in a line at right angles to the key-levers and the top of the key-lever
resting against the stop rail. A cross-rail, A', extends horizontally beneath the
keys, B, at right angles to the length of the latter, and springs, a', are interposed
between said cross rail and each of the key-levers, B, to hold the latter in the
elevated position against the rib, A', and the stop rail, A'. This construction is
not new. B is a bar extending horizontally beneath and at right angles to the
key-levers, B. From each end of said bar an arm, B, is extended at right angles
to said bar and horizontally along the adjacent side of the frame, A, and hinged to
the latter as by a bolt, B. This construction allows the bar, B³, to be moved up
and down, but it cannot be changed from its horizontal position. In other words,
said bar must remain parallel to the series of keys, B. If any portion of said
bar is depressed or made to rise, every portion of it must descend or rise
correspondingly.
A ratchet bar, C, is located above the rear portion of the top plate, A¹, and
parallel to the rear side of the machine, and the front edge of said bar is provided
with oblique ratchet teeth, e, the oblique faces of the teeth being toward the left
hand side of the machine. Arms, C³, extend rearward and are hinged to
standards, Co, rising from the top plate. This construction adapts the rock shaft
to oscillate bodily in a vertical path in the same manner as the bar, B³, may be
oscillated. A link, C, extends from the middle of the bar, B3, through the top
plate, A, to the middle of the bar, C, and is secured to the latter by a hinge,
and to the former by a hinge, . A turn buckle, C, or equivalent mechanism is
applied to the link, C, for the purpose of varying the distance between the
bars, B, and C*. A contracting spring, C, is attached by its upper end to the top
plate, A as at c. and at its lower end to the sliding block, C, surrounding the
link, C, and adapted to be secured in the desired position on said link by a set
screw, c. By its tendency to contract, said spring, C, holds the link, C, normally
in the elevated position. The elevation of the bar, B³, links, C, and ratchet
bar, C, is, of course, limited by the elevation of the key-levers, B. Tension of
the springs, C', is varied by moving the block, C³, up or down.
2
At about
D is the platen carriage. As said carriages are well known and the application
of the platen thereto is well understood, I deem it unnecessary to illustrate these
parts in detail. The carriage moves on suitable horizontal ways, D¹.
the middle of the carriage, a bracket, E, (see Figure 4) is secured rigidly by
screws, e', or otherwise, and extends rearward from the rear portion of said
carriage almost to the ratchet bar, C. Immediately below the normal level of
said bar, C, and at the right hand side of said bracket a dog, E', is attached
rigidly to said bracket far enough rearward to extend in to the notches between
the teeth, c, when the bar, C, is depressed. A plate, E2, (see Figures 1, 4 and 5)

page_text: is applied flatwise to the left hand side of the bracket, E, and hinged thereto by
the horizontal bolt, e, so that said plate may oscillate in a vertical plane with said
bolt as a centre. At the top said plate bas a shoulder, E³, extending over and
resting normally upon the upper face of said bracket. At the left hand side of
said top plate, E, and at the normal level of the bar, C, there is a dog, E', (see
Figure 4) extending normally between two of the teeth of the bar, C. Above
aud below said dog is a horizontal flange, E', each supported by the plate, E.
The dog, E', is hinged near its forward end upon its vertical axis as by means of a
shaft, E', extending vertically through said dog and said flanges. At the rear of
said hinge an expanding spring, Es, is located in a cavity, E, and presses against
said dog and tends to turn the latter on its hinge towards the left of the machine.
An adjusting screw, E, extends horizontally through the dog, E, forward of the
hinge, E, and serves as an adjustable stop for limiting the movement of said dog
upon its hinge, the point of the screw being adapted to bear against the plate, E³,
when said dog has been turned the desired distance toward the left.
In operation, the depression of one of the key-levers, B, will cause the bar, C,
to descend below the level of and out of engagement with the dog, E'. As soon
as released, the dog moves forward in response to the pressure of the spring, E,
the adjustment of the screw, E, being such as to allow said forward movement to
be equal to the space between two teeth, c. On so descending, the bar, C, brings
a tooth, e, into engagement with the dog, E', simultaneously with the release of
the dog, E. On rising, said bar again releases itself from the dog, E', and
engages with the dog, Es, by a tooth, e, in advance of the one which was last in
engagement. The strain of the carriage toward the left (through the usual spring
not shown herein) draws the dog, E', against the tooth with which it is in
engagement and turns said dog upon its hinge against the pressure of the
spring, Es, until said dog again rests against the plate, E. Thus the carriage is
allowed to move toward the left one letter space without breaking the
engagement of said dog. When another key-lever is depressed, the operation is
repeated.
In order to permit the carriage to be turned to the right without changing the
level of the bar, C, or the level of said dogs, I provide the dog, E', with a vertical
hinge joint, E", whereby the front portion, e, of said dog may turn to the left
independently of the top of said dog, and is held by the plate, Es, against
independent movement to the right. A spring, E", is secured by one end to the
top of said dog and presses by the other end against the portion, e³, and keeps the
latter normally in line with the top of said dog.
In drawing the carriage to the right while the dog, E³, is at the same level as
the bar, C, the portion, e, of the dog, E', yields to the resistance of each tooth, e,
and bends to the left, thus passing the tooth. The radins between the hinge, E",
and the point of the dog is so short, that said point readily swings toward the front
of the machine a distance equal to the length of the teeth, c.
i have also made provision for elevating the dog, E, above the normal level of
the bar, C, whereby said dog is supported entirely out of engagement with said
bar and the carriage may be moved freely in either direction. For this purpose a
rock shaft, F, is located in the horizontal position over the rear portion of the
carriage and resting in a bearing, F, at the middle of said carriage and in a
bearing, F, at one end of said carriage. From the plate, E', an arm, F, rises to
a point above said rock shaft. In said arm is a slot,, extending at its lower end
oward said plate and having its upper portion extending at a right angle away
ron said lower portion and radially away from said rock shaft. An arm, Fs,
ises from said rock shaft and extends laterally into said slot and rests normally in
he lower portion of said slot. A spring, f, is secured to said carriage and
rranged to press said arm, F, rearward so as to hold it normally in the lower
ortion of said slot,/. At the end of the rock shaft, F, which extends to the
nd of the carriage, an arm, F, extends downward and rearward. A key-lever, F7,
s located above the adjacent end of the carriage and extends at the rear beneath

page_text: the arm, F, and has its other end extended forward where it may be conveniently
reached by the hand of the operator. At its; middle it is,hinged on a horizontal
axis as upon the support, f.
Normally the arm, F, cannot be depressed and the platè, E, raised on the
hinge, e, for the arm, F. rests in the lower portion of the slot, f, and the upper
wall of this portion of the slot rests against said, arm and prevents downward or
rearward movement of the latter. But by, depressing the forward end of the
key-lever, E', the arm, F', is pressed upward and rearward and the rock shaft, F,
so rotated as to throw the arm, F, forward out of its engagement in the lower
portion of the slot, f. The arm, F, and the plate, E³, may now turn upon the
axis, e, and the arm, F,,may change position in the portion of the slot,, which
is radial to the rock shaft. On depressing the key-lever, F, further, the arm, F
is pressed against the front wall of the slot, f, and the arm, F', drawn forward and
downward, the front wall of said slot sliding on said arm. This locking mechanism
practically prevents the elevation of the dog, E', by all means excepting the
depression of the front. end of the key-lever, F.
:
A plate, G, may be interposed between the bar, B³, and the keys, B, and
screws, G¹, extended upward through the bar, B³, against the plate, G. The time
at which the escapement operates with reference to the depression of the keys, B.
may be varied but the chief object of said adjustable plate is to effect a uniform
engagement of the key-levers, B, across the entire key-board. If from any cause
the bar, B³, should be depressed at one side, the screw, G, at that side may be
moved upward so as to bring the plate, G, at that side of the machine into proper
engagement with the key-levers, B.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
- 1. In a typewriter, the combination with the frame, A, of the key-levers, B,
suitably pivoted by their upper ends and provided with a stop at the front end and
spring mechanism to normally hold said key-levers in the elevated position, of a
bar B, provided with arms, B4, hinged to the frame, A, a plate, G, located above
said bar, B, and screws, G¹, supported by said bar, B, and adapted to raise and
lower the plate, G, substantially as set forth.
2. In a typewriter, the combination with the frame, A, of a vibratory ratchet
bar, C, supported by said frame, a rigid dog extending from said carriage out of
the range of the normal position of said ratchet bar, a second dog extending from
Baid carriage between the teeth of said ratchet bar and being provided with a
vertical hinge to allow movement to the left, and being provided with a horizontal
hinge independently of the rigid dog to allow movement in a vertical plane out of
the range of the teeth of said ratchet bar, and mechanism for manually turning
said dog on said horizontal hinge, substantially as set forth.
3. In a typewriter, the combination with the frame, A, of the vibratory ratchet
bar, C, bracket, E, dog, E', plate, E2, hinged to the bracket, E, dog, Es, supported
by said plate, rock shaft, F, key-lever, F', and suitable connection between said
rock shaft and plate, E³, and between said key-lever and said rock-shaft,
substantially as set forth.
4. In a typewriter, the combination with the frame, A, of the vibratory ratchet
bar, C, supported by said frame, the platen carriage, D, bracket, E, supported by
said carriage, the dog, E', shiftable plate, E³, supported by said bracket, the
dog, E, attached to said plate, a key-lever, F', supported by said carriage and
suitable connection between said key-lever and said plate for automatically locking
and manually unlocking and shifting said plate, E, to bring the dog, E', out of the
range of said ratchet bar, substantially as set forth.
5. In a typewriter, the combination with the frame, A, of the platen carriage, D,
bracket, E, a dog, E¹, secured to said bracket, a plate, E³, secured to said bracket
on a hinge parallel to the path of said carriage, an arm, F, applied to said plate, E³,

page_text: and having a right angled slot, f, an arm, F', extending into said slot, a spring
for pressing said arm toward said plate, a key-lever and suitable connections for
manually pressing said arm rearward against the rear wall of said slot, substantially
as set forth.
J. G. LORRAIN.