A New or Improved Churning or Mixing Apparatus.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Oct., 1889-Accepted, 14th Dec., 1889
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COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Churning or Mixing Apparatus.
I RICHARD HERMANN ENGELHARDT of the City of Berlin in the Kingdom of Prussia
and Empire of Germany, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The invention relates to an apparatus by the aid of which fluids such as water,
albumen, milk, yeast and the like may be churned or agitated and for certain purposes
mixed with air, or other fluids or substances. The apparatus will be very useful in
making butter, beating eggs, impregnating fluids with gas and in many other instances
where a thorough mixing of fluids or matter is required.
In the accompanying drawing in which the same letters of reference indicate
corresponding parts.
Figure 1 is a vertical axial section of such apparatus.
Figure 2 is a cross section on the line o-o of Figure 1.
Figure 3 shows a modification of the bottom valve.
In
The apparatus consists of a cylindrical vessel a with a concave bottom d and a
removeable cover e through the centre of which passes the rod c of a perforated disc-
shaped dasher or piston working freely inside the vessel a. The piston receives
its reciprocating up and down motion by hand power applied to a cross handle (not
shown) fixed upon the upper end of the piston rod c or by any other power appled by
suitable means to the piston rod c. For small sizes the cover e can be dispensed
with. In the centre of the bottom is fixed the valve box f open at top and
botton and possessing a number of side openings into which are fixed radial pipes g.
In order to prevent the piston hitting the box f the bottom d is made concave.
case the latter should be made flat the dasher 6 should be formed correspondingly
bell-shaped. In the box works a valve h of such form and dimensions that it is
capable of closing either the opening in the bottom of the box f, or the opening in
the top thereof; the pipes g remaining open in either of such positions. The opening
in the bottom of the box extends through the bottom d in the form of a tube or
pipe of suitable length for admitting atmospheric air directly or, as represented at
Figuro 1, after it has passed a sterilizing apparatus 7 attached to the pipe k itself, or
the pipe may be connected by an elbow pipe m, as represented at Figure 3, with a
bose for conducting air thereto from a separate sterilizing apparatus placed elsewhere,
or for conducting any other gas from a reservoir. The sterilizing apparatus
arranged in such manner, that atmospheric air enters it through holes in its upper
part and passes the sterilizing substances and flows into the lower end of the pipe k.
The cock p serves for emptying the vessel a.
is
is
After having partly filled the vessel a with the fluid to be treated the piston
pushed down, thereby agitating the fluid in a manner similar to that of the
common churn, as the fluid is compelled to pass through the perforations of the
piston or dasher... A-portion-of-the fluid-is-also; in consequence of the valve closing
during this down stroke the lower opening of the box f, forced through the pipes g
thus augmenting the agitation of the fluid. During the up stroke of the piston the
fluid is similarly agitated, but simultaneously the rising piston creates an air rare-
faction or partial vacuum beneath it, which is higher or lower according to the speed
of the stroke. By this action the valve leaves its lower seat and rises until it closes
the opening in the top of the box, the air entering through the pipe k and the bottom
opening into the box is conducted through the pipes g into the fluid through which
it passes in innumerable bubbles or particles. It may be here remarked that, if the
vessel a be furnished with a tight fitting cover e and a stuffing box for the piston
rod e it is necessary to provide in the cover e a valve opening outwardly in order

page_text: to allow the air drawn into the vessel a to escape. Otherwise the sucking action
of the up stroke would be speedily counteracted by the air accumulating inside
The vessel a.
It is clear that by the combined action of the reciprocating piston or dasher and
the air bubbles passing through the fluid, the desired effect is obtained in a very
short time.
If it is desired to impregnate the fluid with gas, which can be absorbed by the
fluid, such operation will be accomplished by this apparatus in a perfect manner as
both the fluid and the gas become most finely divided and therefore will unite
readily.
Some of the uses for which this new apparatus can be employed, I have already
above cited but it will be understood that it may be used in almost every instance
in which a fluid is to be thoroughly mixed or impregnated with gas, powder or other
substances.
In Figure 3. the valve is constructed in such manner, that during the down stroke
it closes the opening in the bottom of the box f. and also the pipes . and that during
the up stroke it shuts the top opening of the box and opens the pipes and the
opening in the hottom of the box by which means any risk of the pipes g becoming
choked or stopped by sticky or adherent matter will be avoided.
The apparatus may be surrounded by a tempering jacket so that the material can
be treate in a warm or cold condition as the case may require.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what L
claim is
1. An apparatus for churning or mixing consisting of a vessel a in which a
perforated piston bor dasher is reciprocated in combination with a valve in the
bottom of the vessel a which opens during the upstroke of the dasher and closes during
the down stroke substantially as described and for the purpose explained.
2. In an apparatus of the character referred to in claim 1. the valve in com-
bination with the box provided with an opening in the top which is closed.
during the up-stroke of the dasher with pipes y fixed to side holes of the box and
with an opening in the bottom of such box all working substantially as explained
and for the purpose set forth.
3. An apparatus of the character referred to in claim 1. provided with the valve h
and valve box with its openings in combination with a sterilizing apparatus con-
nected to the apparatus either directly by a pipe k of the valve box for by a hose or
pipe m attached to the said pipe and to the sterilizing apparatus substantially as
shown and explained.
4. In an apparatus of the character referred to in claim 1. the vessel a in
combination with a cover e which is provided with a valve opening outwardly
substantially as shown and described and for the purpose explained.
Dated the 5th day of October 1889.
WHITE & WOODINGTON,
27, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.