NEW INVENTED MACHINE OR APPARATUS FOR WATER CLOSETS AND PRIVIES, WHICH UPON A SELF-ACTING PRINCIPLE, WHEN SUCH WATER CLOSETS, OR PRIVIES WHEREIN SUCH MACHINE OR APPARATUS SHALL BE FIXED ARE MADE USE OF, WILL INTRODUCE WATER INTO THE BASON IN SUCH WATER CLOSET OR PRIVY, AND EMPTY AND CLEANSE THE SAME, AND CLOSE UP THE SAME AGAIN, LEAVING A PROPER PORTION OF CLEAN WATER IN THE BASON, AND THEREBY PRESERVING THE BASON CLEAN AND PREVENTING ANY OFFENSIVE SMELL, WITHOUT THE MANUAL ASSISTANCE OR THE ATTENTION OF ANY PERSON THERETO
Year: 1793

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME.
WHEREAS His present Majesty King George the Third hath, by His
Royal Letters Patent, bearing date at Westminster, the Fifteenth day of
March last, been most graciously pleased to give and grant unto me, THOMAS
BINNS, of Barlow Street, in the Parish of Saint Mary-le-bone, in the County
of Middlesex, Carpenter, and my executors, administrators, and assigns, for
fourteen years from the date of the said Letters Patent, especial licence, full
power, sole priviledge and authority, to make, use, exercise, and vend, within
that part of Great Britain called England, His Majesty's Dominions of Wales
and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my "NEW INVENTED MACHINE OR APPARATUS
FOR WATER CLOSETS AND PRIVIES, WHICH UPON A SELF-ACTING PRINCIPLE, WHEN
SUCH WATER CLOSETS, OR PRIVIES WHEREIN SUCH MACHINE OR APPARATUS SHALL BE
FIXED ARE MADE USE OF, WILL INTRODUCE WATER INTO THE BASON IN SUCH WATER
CLOSET OR PRIVY, AND EMPTY AND CLEANSE THE SAME, AND CLOSE UP THE SAME
AGAIN, LEAVING A PROPER PORTION OF CLEAN WATER IN THE BASON, AND THEREBY
PRESERVING THE BASON CLEAN AND PREVENTING ANY OFFENSIVE SMELL, WITHOUT THE
MANUAL ASSISTANCE OR THE ATTENTION OF ANY PERSON THERETO;" in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said Thomas Binns, should.
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in His said Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within one calendar month next and immediately after

page_text: the date of the said Letters Patent, otherwise the said Letters Patent, and
all liberties and advantages thereby granted, should utterly cease, determine,
and be void, as in and by the said Royal Letters Patent, refeerence being
thereto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in pursuance of the said Letters Patent, and of the
above-mentioned proviso thorein contained, I, the said Thomas Binns, do
hereby particularly disclose, discover, describe, and ascertain the nature of my
said Invention, in manner following, that is to say:-
I do hereby refer to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and which I consider
as a part of this my Specification, and the several letters thereon, as references
to the description hereafter more particularly mentioned, and which is as
follows:-
First, A is the vase or bason under the seat. B, B, is the water cistern,
which may be in any part of the house where it will be most convenient. C
is a box or vessel of lead, copper, or any other proper material, which is to
contain the quantity of water necessary for the process and no more, which
may be called the measurer, at the top of which is a valve at D to let the
water in from the cistern, and at the bottom at E another valve to let the
water out. Y is a cock, which, according as it may be more or less turned,
will regulate the length of time within which the given portion of the water
shall run through and perform the subsequent operations. The cock at Y is
not to be turned by any person for the purpose of using the water closet,
but to be set in the same manner as though merely a space left for the
water to pass through, only by having a cock there it may be at any
time regulated as to the time within which after the closet is used
the operation herein after described shall take place. F, F, is a section
of the newly-invented part, a trunk or cylindrical vessel, which I call
the sliding conveyor, by which one of the principle offects of the machino
is performed. G is a side view of the same vessel, shewing how it is
hung to a roller, at EI, and balanced by a weight at I, both of which are fixed
at the roller by straps of leather or joint chain. At X is a plan of the
conveyor, with the roller and frame in which they are fixed and act; at K is a
valve at the bottom of the conveyor, which is tapered as in the Drawing
aunexed, to let the water out of it into the vase by means of a lead pipe at .J.
which it receives from the measurer through the valve at E. The conveyor
when it moves descends to the bottom of the frame at L, about two inches,
and forms a valve there, which prevents the water from rising into the frame,
while it is discharging it into the vase. At M is a valve fitted to the

page_text: bottom of the vase, through which the foul water is conveyed into the soil
pipe before the seat at N, and is conveyed into the common shore or ciss-
pool. O is a lead pipe to carry off' waste water. The performance of the
process is, by sitting down and rising up from the seat; the former measures
out the quantity of water from the cistern, by means of the seat descending
about a quarter of an inch, and by pressing the lever crank at a, the..
other end at 6 draws back three quarters, and pulls the crank at.c, which is
horizontal, and that communicates with a vertical one at d, which by a wire
draws down the end of the lever at the top of the cistern by the end e, which
opens the valve at D at the bottom of the cistern, and closes that at E in the
measurer. The lever crank below with the valves, &c., are parts of the new
Invention. At R is a plan which exhibits a section through the neck of the
vase, and shews how the lever q, fixed to the valve, draws the cranks at K
and I, answering to those at K and I below. On rising from the seat, the
valve of the cistern is closed and that of the measurer opened, which
discharges its contents into the conveyor, causing it to descend with the weight
of the water it has received, which is discharged into the vase by the lend
pipe J, J, which being done, it rises again by the weight at I; the roller
being so contrived by making it elliptical, where the strap or chain by which
it is hung embraces it, and thereby loses its power or weight, in respect of
conveyor, when down, but recovers it again to the full diameter when it is
up, and by its superior weight drawing back the lever at q, shuts the valve at
M, and keeps it water-tight; meanwhile the water from the conveyor is
ingected by the pipe at J into the vase, which rinses it clean, part of which is
retained by the closing the valve at M, after which the remaining water in the
conveyor descends through a small notch in the valve at K, filling the vasc
with the due quantity of water for the next occasion.
the
As witness my hand and seal, this*
day of April, in the thirty-
third year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third, by the
grace of God of Great Britain, France, and Ireland King, Defender
of the Faith, and so forth, and in the year of our Lord One thousand
Soven hundred and ninots thro
Sealed and delivered, being first duly
stampt, in the presence of
W. LANGHAM.
D. P. JENKINSON.
THIOS BINNS. (L.S.)

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twelfth day of April, in the
Fear of our Lord 1793, the aforesaid Thomas Binns came before our said
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according to the tenor of the
Statutes made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twelfth day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand
seven hundred and ninety-three.