CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR SUBDUING AND EXTINGUISHING FIRE, AND SAVING LIFE AND PROPERTY, AND IN OBTAINING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER AND IMPROVE- MENTS IN PROPELLING
Year: 1844

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
HENRY PHILLIPS, of Bloomsbury Square, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Fourth day of June, in the seventh year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Henry Phillips, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said William Henry Phillips, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, and such others as I, the said William Henry Phillips,
my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times hereafter during the term of
years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within England, Wales, the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in all
Her Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, and in the Islands of Guern-
sey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark, and Man, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR SUBDUING AND EXTINGUISHING FIRE, AND SAVING
LIFE AND PROPERTY, AND IN OBTAINING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER AND IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PROPELLING;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso
obliging me, the said William Henry Phillips, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of
my said Invention, and in what manner the saine is to be performed, and to
cause the same to be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part

page_text: recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had,
will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Henry Phillips, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference
being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures
marked thereon (that is to say):
This Invention consists, in the first place, in generating in large quantities
and with great rapidity carbonic acid gas and other gases resulting from com-
bustion, and discharging such gases upon or about any burning mass, and
diffusing the same into the atmosphere where fire is burning, for the purpose
of subduing or extinguishing fire. This object, I have found, can be effected
in the most advantageous manner by the combustion of certain materials or
ingredients in apparatus similar to those herein-after described, and which
form part of the first head of my Invention; but although such ingredients
will be found to answer the purpose in a most satisfactory manner, I do not
intend to confine myself exclusively to the employment of them alone, as other
substances or materials may be found to answer the purpose, the object being,
as above mentioned, to generate the gases in large quantities and in a very
rapid manner, so as to arrest the progress of a raging fire almost instanta-
neously, by depriving the air of that degree of purity requisite to support vivid
combustion, or by supplying certain gases to the fire which have the effect of
displacing the ordinary atmospheric air, and thus stop the progress of com-
bustion. The various materials (with the proportions for mixing) which I
have found to answer the purpose satisfactorily are the following: 20 lbs. wood
charcoal finely pounded; 60 lbs. nitrate of potass or refined saltpetre reduced
to powder; five lbs. of plaster of Paris. Or the following compound may be
employed Sixty pounds of refined salt petre powdered fine, mixed with twenty
pounds of pounded coke or twenty pounds of anthracite coal. These ingredients
I mix well together in a wooden or earthen vessel, adding suflicient water to
form a paste, and after the whole is intimately mixed and blended together, I
mould the compound into flat circular cakes of any required size, which is
regulated according to the size of the apparatus in which the compound is to
be placed. When the cakes are well dried in any atmosphere (the tempe-
rature being from 50° to 100° Fahrenheit), they are to be rolled up in paper,
which forms a cylinder around them, and are then fit for use. These cakes I
denominate "the fire-destroying compound." In order to have the gases and
other products of combustion under perfect command, and ready to be brought

page_text: into play at any moment, the apparatus shewn in the accompanying Drawings
is to be employed.
Fig. 1, Sheet I., in the accompanying Drawings represents a vertical
section taken through the middle of the apparatus, and Fig. 2 is a hori-
zontal section of the same taken in the line A, B. The other Figures in this
Sheet represent different portions of the apparatus detached. In order that
their construction may be more clearly seen, the various parts of the apparatus
are enclosed in a cylindrical case a, a, (Figures 1 and 2,) which is seen detached,
but on a smaller scale, at Fig. 3. It is made of plate iron or other suitable
substance, and is mounted on castors if thought desirable. The fire-destroying
compound, composed of the ingredients) and mixed in the manner above
described, is enclosed in a cylindrical vessel b, b, which is open at top, and is
shown detached, and upon a smaller scale, at Fig. 4. The vessel 6, 6, is
enclosed within another vessel c, c, also seen detached, and upon a smaller
scale, at Fig. 5. The vessel c is open at top, and is perforated at its upper
end with a number of holes, as seen in the Figures. Another cylindrical
vessel d, d, open at bottom but closed at top, and shown detached at Fig. 6,
encloses the last-mentioned vessel. The vessel d is furnished at its lower end
with a number of perforations similar to the upper end of the vessel c, and is
surrounded with a number of tubes c, c, nearly filled with water, and ranged
in a circle around the vessel d, as is best seen in the horizontal section, Fig. 2.
The upper part of the vessel d has projecting stops d*, d, which abut against
the inner side of the cover, for the purpose of preventing the vessel d from
being lifted up by the force of the gases. The tubes e, c, are shown detached
at half size. At Figs. 7 they are closed at both ends, as seen in Fig. I, and
are bolted to rings f,f, at top and bottom by means of screw nuts g, g, so as to
connect them all together. One of these rings f is shown detached at
Fig.7; cach tube c is also furnished with a long narrow metal tube h, which is
open at bottom and is screwed into the tube c at top. The tube h is closed at
top by a cork or plug i, which may be easily blown out when any pressure is
exerted against it from the inside. The whole of this part of the apparatus
is covered up by the lid or cover j, j, a plan and edge view of which is scen
detached at Figs. 8. This cover is firmly sccured to the outer case a by
means of screw bolts and nuts, as seen in Fig. 1. A cylindrical vessel or
chamber k, shown detached in elevation and section at Figs. 9 and 10,
furnished with a flange 1, 1, is secured to the top of the cover j by means of
a brass collar or ring m, m, also seen detached at Fig. 11. The sides of the
chamber are perforated with holes for the purpose of allowing a free com-
munication between the interior of the apparatus and the exterior atmosphere.

page_text: It is further furnished with a partition n, which serves to support the tube o
by means of a screw nut p, the lower end of the tube o being allowed to
descend through a hole in the top of the cylindrical vessel d, d, into the interior
of the apparatus. The tube o is filled with some of the fire-destroying com-
pound, and the lower end of the tube is closed by a plug q. The upper end of
the tube o and its appendages is shewn detached, and in section, at Figures 12.
Three little pins or studs r, r, project inwards across the diameter of the tube,
and serve to support the igniting apparatus, which consists of a small cylinder
of wood enclosing a little glass vessels, seen on an enlarged scale at Figure 13,
and containing a few grains of a mixture of about equal parts of chlorate of
potass and refined sugar or starch or other preparation, which is ignited by
means of a small quantity (two or three drops) of sulphuric acid contained in
the glass globe t, seen detached at Figure 13*. The globe t is cemented in
its proper place by plaster of Paris. A pin or stud u passes through the nut p
which secures the tube o in its place, and is held up by a small helical spring,
as seen in the Drawing. This part of the apparatus is secured from accidental
injury by means of the dome top of the chamber k, see Figures 1, 9, and 10.
That part of the chamber k which is perforated is surrounded by a jacket or
cylinder w, w, which is made to turn freely round on its seat in either direction.
This jacket is shewn detached in elevation and longitudinal vertical section at
Figures 14 and 15. It is furnished with a mouth or exit aperture x, to which
a flexible or jointed metal pipe and hempen hose is screwed or otherwise firmly
attached for the purpose of carrying off the gasses in any direction that may
be required.
The mode of operating with the apparatus is as follows:-The circular
cakes of the fire-destroying compound, when properly dried as before men-
tioned, are placed one above the other, as shewn in the Drawing. The
tube being filled with the compound, and the igniting apparatus placed in its
proper position, the apparatus is ready for use. When thus charged the
apparatus is to be carried into the room or chamber where the fire is raging or
into the immediate vicinity thereof, and after removing the dome cover v of the
chamber k, the top of the pin or stud u must be struck a smart blow with a
haminer or other suitable instrument for the purpose of driving it down into
and breaking the small globe t containing the suphuric acid, which, upon
falling on to the mixture of chlorate of potass and sugar in the glass vessels,
causes the latter to ignite and to fire the compound in the tube o. This will
instantly blow out the plug 7, and ignite the upper surface of the charge of
the compound contained in the vessel b, b. The compound will commence
deflagrating with great rapidity, and will evolve the gases, which in a highly

page_text: heated state will pass through the perforations in the upper part of the vessel c;
they will then pass down the annular space between this latter and the
vessel d, d, when they will escape through the holes made in the lower part of
this latter vessel, and in a highly heated state will surround and impinge against
the tubes e, e, in which the confined air will be expanded, and cause the water
to rise up the narrow tubes, and drive out the plug i, and overflow, fall down,
and occupy the space at the lower part of the apparatus. When this has
taken place the temperature of the gases will be considerably reduced by the
water, and after the gases have risen up between the tubes into the chamber k,
they will ultimately escape from the apparatus through the perforation in the
chamber k, and by means of the hose on the mouth piece x, may be directed
in any manner that may be required. The gases evolved from the apparatus
will be of that nature that whenever dense clouds of them are thrown upon
the materials on fire they will immediately extinguish the flames. The charge
will be very quickly burnt out, and if it be considered that the fire is of that
extent that a small apparatus will not evolve a sufficient quantity of the before-
mentioned gases, two or more apparatus of adequate size may be employed
either together or in succession. When the charge is burnt out, and previous
to recharging, the apparatus should be taken to pieces (which can be easily
done), and all the parts cleaned and wiped dry.
The apparatus shewn in Sheet I. at Figures 1 and 2, is drawn upon a scale
of half the real size, and is intended for use in rooms or chambers of ordinary
size in moderate private dwellings. The size may be increased in any degree,
and will of course depend upon the size of the building in which it is to be used,
and the proportions and arrangements of the various parts may also be varied
without departing from the nature of the Invention.
Figure 16, Sheet II., represents a vertical section, and Figure 17 a hori-
zontal section, of a modification of the above, in which the principal difference
consists in employing an additional vessel for the water in place of a number
or series of tubes placed in the interior of the apparatus as shewn in Sheet I.
A is the water vessel, which is connected with the other vessel by a short
branch pipe 1, which, while the apparatus is unemployed, is kept closed by a
plug or valve 2 at the lower end of the long rod 3. The upper end of the
rod is screwed, but passes freely through a square hole in the cover of the
vessel, and is worked by means of a handle 4, by turning which the rod 3 is
moved up or down, and consequently opens or closes the end of the branch.
pipe 1. That part of the rod which works in the cover is made square, in
order to prevent it turning with the handle 4, when the valve is intended to
be raised or screwed up. The upper end of the rod 3 is also connected to one

page_text: end of the lever 5, the opposite end of which is connected to the rod or pin u
of the igniting apparatus, which in this instance is placed on one side instead
of at the centre of the apparatus. A second branch pipe 6 connects the upper
part of the water vessel with the upper part of the cylindrical case a, (shown
detached on a smaller scale at Fig. 18,) for the purpose of maintaining an
equal pressure in both vessels, and causing, the water to flow into the latter.
When the water tubes c, c, are not employed, I find it advisable to make the
open ends of the vessels or cylinders c, d, bell-shaped, and perforate them
in the manner shewn in Figures 19 and 20. A different arrangement
of the igniting apparatus is shown in the detached views,. Figures 21. 0, 0,
is a tube, with studs r, r, is in Figures 12, Sheet 1. Upon these studs or
projections is placed a glass vessel v, inside of which are placed the vessel s
containing the mixture of chlorate of potass and sugar, the hermetically sealed
bottle t containing two or three drops of sulphuric acid, and also the glass tube
w containing a portion of the fire-destroying compound of charcoal and salt-
petre. The pin u should be of sufficient length that when struck down it may
penetrate the vessels, for the purpose of allowing a free discharge of the igniting
material on to the compound in the tube w. a is a thin glass dome, which sup-
ports the pin u in addition to the helical spring. The gasses may, if required,
be generated without the assistance of the apparatus, by simply enclosing the
ingredients in a casing of thin metal or canvas of any convenient form, and by
applying the igniter thereto the compound may be ignited, and the whole
thrown into the place that is on fire, when the gasses will be rapidly evolved.
This mode of applying the Invention will be perfectly understood by referring
to Figure 22, which represents a convenient quantity of the material enclosed
in a casing, as above mentioned. 0, 0, is the tube in which the igniting ingre-
dients are placed, as described in Figures 21. I find it advisable to submit
the materiais (after being properly mixed) to a suitable pressure, say three, or
four pounds to the inch, so as to condense or compress them. This I effect
with the assistance of the apparatus shewn in Figure 23, or any other suitable
means may be employed. The materials 6 are placed on a bed of sand 7, and
are also covered with a layer of sand 8, and pressure is applied by means of
weights, as shown in the Drawing, when the water will exude and drain through
the bed of sand and out of the perforations at the lower part of the vessel.
Figure 24 is a sectional view of an apparatus in which my ingredients are
employed for the purpose of generating oxygen in a more expeditious manner
than has hitherto been done, for the purpose of aiding in the restoration of
persons suffering from partial suffocation or suspended animation. a, a, is a
vessel containing a quantity of the ingredients before described, viz., carbon

page_text: and nitre; and b, b, is a small veszel containing chlorate of potass; and by
igniting the materials in the vessel a, a, which may be done by introducing a
lighted match or wire red-hot, great heat will be given off, and oxygen will
by this means be quickly evolved from the chlorate of potass in the vessel b;
but as the oxygen will be driven over at a high temperature, it is made to pass
through a body of water in the vessel c, c, as seen in the Figure, and when
thus obtained the gas is or may be carried off through the flexible pipe or hose d
to any convenient distance.
In Sheet III. I have shown two other means of extinguishing fire. In
this instance I mount iny apparatus on wheels, for the purpose of more con-
veniently removing it from place to place.
Figure 25 represents a longitudinal section of an apparatus in which the
gases are generated by the rapid combustion of coke or other suitable fuel.
a, a, is the fire-place, in which the coke or other fuel is thrown into a state of
rapid combustion by the current of air produced by means of the fan or blower
b, which is made to revolve with great rapidity by means of the band and
pullies a, y. The fire is lighted by throwing in some ignited fuel through the
door c, and by slowly turning the fan the whole charge is soon in a state of
combustion. The fire-place is kept regularly supplied with fresh fuel through
the door c. As the fuel burns the gaseous products are forced onward by the
pressure from the fan, and are made to pass through a stratum of water at d, d,
when their temperature is much reduced. The gaseous products, together
with some portion of the water that may be evaporated, pass off through the
passage c above, and are conveyed away by a flexible hose to a metallic tube of
peculiar construction, whereby the gases are delivered into the places where
the fire is raging. This metallic tube is shewn at f, f, f, in Figure 26, which
Figure also represents an external elevation of the engine or apparatus. The
metal tube is formed of a number of tubes sliding one within the other, similar
to a telescope, and the upper end of the uppermost tube is furnished with
wheels 7 for the purpose of facilitating the raising of the tube to the upper
part of a building that may be on fire. The tank or reservoir l, h,
is employed for the purpose of supplying the apparatus with water, and is
charged at the upper part by pouring water into the perforated top, and allowing
it to pass into the reservoir through the valve as it may be required. The
water is supplied from the reservoir to the interior of the apparatus through the
bent pipe i, which is furnished with a cock j for turning the supply on or off.
Figure 27 is a horizontal section of this apparatus, taken in the line A, B,
of Figure 25, shewing the position of the various parts. Figure 28 represents
a longitudinal vertical section, and Figure 29 a horizontal section, taken in

page_text: the line C, D, of Figure 28, of an apparatus in which steam is the agent cm-
ployed for extinguishing fire. This apparatus may be used either separately
or in combination with that just described in reference to Figure 25.
Figure 30 is a transverse vertical section of both the apparatus, taken in the
line E, F, of Figure 25, and G, H, of Figure 28. These two arrangements
are mounted on one carriage. a, a, is the fire-place shewn in Figure 25; and
b, b, is the fire-place or furnace of the steam apparatus, Figure 28; and c. c, the
boiler wherein steam is generated. The combustion of the fuel is effected by
the sanic means in both apparatus, and the blast is maintained by the fan or
blower, as above described. The heat generated in the furnace b, b, passes
through the bent tubes d, d, which are placed in the boiler c, and thereby
generates-steam, which as it is produced is caused by its own pressure within
the boiler c to rush out with considerable force through the passage c, and may
be conducted by the agency of a canvas hose to the place where the fire is
burning. The tank or reservoir 7 supplies the boiler, as in the former instance.
Another method of employing the gases obtained from the combustion of the
compound above described consists in employing the elastic force of such gases
for throwing considerable volumes of water from a tank or reservoir, in order
to assist in extinguishing fire. In order to effect this object, any convenient
number of apparatus similar to that above described, but constructed in a
stronger manner, are arranged round a close tank containing water, and con-
nected therewith by means of pipes furnished with stop-cocks, whereby
the communication between the gas apparatus and the tank is permitted or
intercepted, according to circumstances.
It will be seen by the following description that the gases resulting from
the combustion of the compound may either be employed, as in the former
apparatus, to extinguish fire by bringing them into contact therewith; or the
said gases may be made to exert their elastic force on a column of water, so
as to propel the same in a large quantity, and with great force, upon the
burning mass.
*.
Fig. 1, Sheet IV., is a vertical section, taken through the middle of the water
tank, and one of the gas-generating apparatus, another gas apparatus being
shewn in elevation on the opposite side of the tank. Fig. 2 represents a plan
view of the whole, shewing the arrangement of the various parts in relation to
each other. A, A, is the tank, made to contain about five tons of water, which
is supplied from a water main, or any other convenient supply, by means of the
pipe B. The mode of constructing the tank is represented at Figures 3, 4,
5. and 6. Fig. 3 represents an elevation; Fig. 4 a view of the bottom of the
tank from underneath; Fig. 5 is a section of the upper part; and Fig. 6 re-

page_text: presents one of the rings which hold the parts together. The tank is con-
structed of planks or timbers, and made slightly conical, so as to allow
the wrought iron rings I, seen also detached at Fig. 6, to pass down to their
proper places, as scen in Fig. 3. The top and bottom of the tank are
formed of blocks of wood, arranged and shaped in such a manner as to wedge
against each other, and thereby form, when bound together, a very strong
vessel. This tank is sunk in a bed of concrete, as seen in Fig. 1. Any conve
nient number of gas-generating apparatus C, C, C, C, similar to those already
described and shewn in Sheet I., are ranged round the water tank, as shewn in
the plan view, Fig 2. They should be made sufficiently strong to bear a
pressure of at least seven atmospheres. Each apparatus is furnished with a
safety valve C, and is connected to the tank by a pipe D, which, has a
stop-cock D, as shewn in the Drawing. In order to employ this apparatus
for extinguishing a fire, the tank A must be wholly or partially filled (or rather
should be kept filled) with water by means of the supply pipe B; and the gas-
generating apparatus C, C, are to be supplied with the compound and igniting
apparatus exactly in the manner before explained in reference to Sheet I. The
stop-cock D on one of the pipes D must then be turned in order to open a
communication between the gas generator C and water tank A; and by
igniting the compound in the tube o of the gas apparatus, the gas-generating
compound in the apparatus will commence deflagrating, and evolve the gases
with great rapidity. These gases will pass from the gas generator C through
the pipe D into the tank A, where they will exert considerable pressure on the
surface of the water, and thereby cause it to rise up the exit pipe E, and be
expelled therefrom with considerable force. Two or more of these exit pipes
may be employed if thought desirable, but each must be furnished with a stop-
cock E, and have a screw made on the end for the purpose of allowing a hose
and jet to be screwed thereon. When the compound in one of the apparatus
in which the gas is generated has burnt out and evolved all its gases, another
apparatus must be brought into operation by opening the stop-cock on its con-
necting tube D, and igniting the contents of the apparatus; and in like manner
each apparatus is brought into operation in succession, so as to maintain the
power that is required to throw the water; or if it is thought desirable, two or
more may be brought into action at the same time. Should it be considered
advisable to employ the gases in place of the water to subdue the confla-
gration, then the stop-cock E* on the exit water tube E must be closed; and
upon opening the valve G at the lower end of the exit gas pipe G by means
of the bandle of the rod H, the gases will rush out with great force, and inay
by means of a canvas hose be conducted to any place where the fire is raging.

page_text: If it is thought desirable the water tank may be constructed of cast iron or
sheet iron, bolted together in the ordinary manner.
In Sheet V. is shown a mode or method of obtaining motive power by means
of, the gases generated in an apparatus similar to that shewn at C, Figures
1 and 2, Sheet 4, and also the adaptation and application of the same gas-
generating apparatus to purposes of propelling. Fig. 1 is an elevation of the
apparatus for obtaining motive power; and Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical
section of the same. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section, taken in the line A, B,
Figures 1 and 2. A is the apparatus in which the gases are generated; B is
a rotatory engine worked by the pressure of the gases generated in the appa-
ratus A. a, a, is the framework and standards which support the engine. b, b,
is a ring of metal, on either side of which a plate c is bolted; these plates,
when bolted to the ring b, form a groove or annular passage d, d, d, d, and arc
together attached to the frame a by the bolts e, e. f', f, f, are three pistons
that slide in the grove d. These pistons are attached to the toothed wheel g,
which has a projection or ring on its interior circumference for the purpose
of turning upon the edges of the plates c, c, shown in section at Fig. 3.
The inner surface of the ring his made to fit tightly upon the edges of
the plates c, in order to prevent the escape of gas from the annular pas-
sage d. i, i, arc valves jointed or hinged to the ring bat (see Fig. 2); and
1, 1, are recesses for receiving the valves. On the compound being ignited
in the apparatus A, the gas will pass through the pipe o in the direction of
the arrows into the annular space d, formed by the ring b, plates c, and the
inner surface of the wheel 9, and by exerting a pressure upon the pistons
fff, actuates the engine in the following manner:-The valve being
raised by the spring n, will allow the gases to enter through the pipe o, and
exert a pressure between the valve * and the piston f', which pressure will
cause the pistons with the ring g to move round in the direction of the arrows;
and when the piston f¹ has arrived at the position shewn at f, the passage p
for the escape of the gas will be opened. The piston f', on passing in its
further progress, will force the valve i into the recess 1, and thereby cut off the
supply of gas during its passage over the valve i. The piston having passed
the valve i, the spring n will force up that valve, and epen the induction passage,
as shown at , and so allow the gases to act upon cach piston f', ƒ³, fƒ³, in
succession as they pass each valve i and i*. The action of the several pistons
and valves being the same a description of the operation of each will be unne-
cessary. I have only further to observe, that motion may be communicated to
machinery by means of a band or toothed wheel, as shown in the Drawing.
Fig. 4 is a section of a vessel to which my apparatus is applied for the purpose

page_text: of propelling it through the water. A is the gas-generating apparatus, which
may be placed in any convenient part of the vessel B. C is a cylindrical vessel·
shown in section, containing a number of pipes C* or channels, as shown upon
an enlarged scale at Figures 5 and 6. These pipes pass through the bottom
of the vessel, and are open to the water; and on the compound before described
being ignited, and the cock D opened, the gas will rush down the pipe E into
the cylindrical vessel C through the pipes C*, and pressing forcibly upon the
water will thereby propel the vessel forward.
Lastly, having described my Invention in detail, I desire it to be understood
that the particular features of novelty claimed by me under the above in part
recited Letters Patent aro-
Firstly, the means of subduing and extinguishing fire by my peculiar manner
of generating gases and vapours which will not support combustion, and
applying them when required for that purpose, as described above.
Secondly, the peculiar apparatus described above for effecting that object.
Thirdly, the described means of instantly generating oxygen gas, to be
applied to the restoration of suspended animation.
Fourthly, the application of the gases and vapours produced as above
described, by combustion, as an elastic force for displacing and projecting
volumes of water, which may be applied for extinguishing fire, and to other uses.
Fifthly, the means described of applying such gases and vapours for producing
a motive power, particularly for the purpose of propelling vessels on water, and
which power is also capable of being employed as a physical force in many
other situations.
In witness whereof I, the said William Henry Phillips, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-four.
WILLIAM HENRY (L.S.) PHILLIPS.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Fourth day of December,
in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid William Henry Phillips canic
before our Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specifi-
cation aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute in that case made and provided.
Inrolled the same Fourth day of December, in the year above written.