AN IMPROVED ADMIXTURE OR COMPOUND TO BE EMPLOYED AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR OIL IN THE TREATMENT OF ANIMAL WOOL PREPARATORY TO CARDING
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Lord, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster,
Flannel Manufacturer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED ADMIXTURE OR
COMPOUND TO BE EMPLOYED AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR OIL IN THE TREATMENT OF
ANIMAL WOOL PREPARATORY TO CARDING."
Sealed the 12th May 1857, and dated the 19th November 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Lord at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th November
1856.
I, JOHN LORD, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Flannel Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
ADMIXTURE OR COMPOUND TO BE EMPLOYED AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR OIL IN THE TREAT-
MENT OF ANIMAL WOOL PREPARATORY TO CARDING," to be as follows:-
In the treatment of animal wool before it is submitted to the operation of
carding, preliminary to its being manufactured, it is necessary to impart a
certain degree of artificial greasiness or oiliness to the wool in order to render
it fit for such operation, and this quality has hitherto been imparted to it by
sprinkling it in the bulk freely with oil. My Invention is designed greatly to
economize the cost of such operation by substituting for such uses an admixture
or compound, which may be prepared and employed at a very considerable
less expence and still be as beneficial to the purpose for which it is
required.
I use as a substitute for oil the following admixture of ingredients :-To
one quart of olive or other vegetable oil add three quarts of water mixed with

page_text: about four ounces of crystalized soda or other similar alkali; these are to be
well amalgamated, stirred, and mixed together in a cold state for use, and to be
used and employed exactly in a similar manner and as a substitute for oil
which has hitherto been used in the pure and unmixed state. The abovo
proportion of the materials employed are the best and most practically useful
that I am at present acquainted with, but they may be departed from slightly
without interfering with the nature and object of my said Iuvontion.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by tho said John Lord in the Great Seal Patent Offico on the 18th May
1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS. SHALL COME, I, JoHN
LORD, of Rochdale, in tho County of Lancaster, Flannel Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Ifer Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said John Lord, Her especial license that I, the said John Lord,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, tho said
John Lord, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
ADMIXTURE OR COMPOUND TO BE EMPLOYED AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR OIL IN THE TREAT-
MENT OF ANIMAL WOOL PREPARATORY TO CARDING," upon the condition, amongst
others, that I, the said John Lord, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and scal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to bo performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Oflice within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, tho said John Lord, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per--
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-

page_text: In the treatment of animal wool before it is submitted to the operation of
carding, as preliminary to its being manufactured, it is necessary to impart a
certain degree of artificial greasiness or oiliness to the wool in order to render
it fit for such operation, and this quality has hitherto been imparted to it by
sprinkling it in the bulk freely with oil. My Invention is designed greatly to
economise the cost of such operation by substituting for such uses an admixture
or compound, which may be prepared and employed at a very considerably less
expense and still be as beneficial to the purpose for which it is required.
I use as a substitute for oil to the following mixtures of ingredients:-To
one quart of olive or other vegetable oil add three quarts of water mixed with
about four ounces of crystallized soda or other similar alkali; these are to be
well amalgamated, stirred, and mixed together in a cold state for use, and to
be used and employed exactly in a similar manner and as a substitute for oil
which has hitherto been used in the pure and unmixed state. The abovo
proportions of the materials employed are the best and most practically useful
that I am at present acquainted with, but they may be departed from slightly
without interferring with the nature and object of my said Invention.
When applied or used for wools in general (not submitted to acid) I use the
same mixtures as before, with this exception, the alkali mixture may be made
weaker, say, from about four to eight strong. Stronger may be used and
mixed with the oil, as in the other case, and may be safely used in quantities,
say, twelve of alkali to ten or twelve of oil, but either greater or less
quantities may be employed, olive oil being preferred. And when this
alkaline oil is used for the purposes of lubricating or greasing machinery I
prepare the same as follows:-I pulverize a small quantity of crystallized
soda, say, about four to six ounces (for example) to four quarts of olive or
other vegetable oil, and mix the pulverised soda well with the oil; the
oil is then ready for use, and will be found to be much better, and retain its
lubricating properties much longer, than ordinary oil not so prepared, and that
machinery greased with this admixture will run much lighter, as oil so treated
does not thicken or clog when in use for such purposes.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Lord, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this 16th day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-seven.
JOHN LORD. (L.S.)