Year: 1877

page_text: En the latter of a Patent granted to ADOLPHE ALEXANDRE PLANTROU, jeune,
of Boulevard de Strasbourg, No. 23, Paris (France), Director of Manufac-
ture, bearing date the 15th day of May 1877, No. 1900.
DISCLAIMER AND MEMORANDUM OF ALTERATION proposed to be
entered by the said Adolphe Alexandre Plantrou, pursuant to the Statutes in
that case made and provided.
WHEREAS I have been advised that it may be held that I claim under my
Patent the use of silicate of soda for the removal of grease from fabrics or fibres by
scouring:
And whereas it is not my desire or intent to make or retain any claim in respect
to the removal of grease from fabrics or fibres, but, on the contrary, it is my desire
and intent to limit my claims to the means by which I cause the burrs, pieces of
straw, and other like foreign matters or impurities to be reduced to powder and to
separate themselves from the fibre or fabric which remains uninjured, and to render
it the more clear that my claim is so limited, as aforesaid, by substituting in some
cases more accurate for less accurate expressions :
And whereas I have found that the employment of certain of the substances
suggested for use is not convenient in practice :
I therefore for these reasons desire to disclaim and alter the title of my said
Invention, and I do hereby disclaim and alter the same by striking out the words
"of scouring and," and substituting therefor the word "for."
And I also desire to disclaim and alter the Specification of my said Patent, and I
do hereby disclaim and alter the same by striking out the words " of scouring and "
on lines 31 and 32, page 2 of the Specification as printed by Her Majesty's Printers,
and substituting therefor the word "for."
Also by striking out the word "knots" on line 34, page 2.
"
Also by inserting after the word " straw on line 34, page 2, the word "burrs."
Also by striking out the words " other crystalline or earthy" on line 48, page 2,
and substituting therefor the word "crystallizable."

page_text: Also by striking out the words " also organic matters like glue” on lines 48 and
49, page 2.
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Also by inserting after the words "with the " on line 1, page 3, the words
preparation of the fibres or fabric for the."
Also by inserting after the words "the impurities" on line 2, page 3, the words
by the mechanical process above set forth."
Also by inserting after the words "to jeffect its" on line 7, page 3, the words
preparation for mechanical."
"
Also by inserting after the words " fulling process on line 13, page 3, the words
"until the separation of the impuritics is accomplished."
"
Also by striking out the word "knots on line 16, page 3, and substituting
therefor the words "pieces of straw."
Also by inserting after the words "and other" on line 16, page 3, the word
" like."
Also by inserting after the words "impurities become" on line 16, page 3, the
words "fitted for."
Also by striking out the word "disintegrated" on line 17, page 3, and substi-
tuting therefor the word "disintegration."
"
Also by inserting after the words " purifying process on lines 20 and 21, page 3,
the words "or the preparation of the pieces of straw, burrs, and other like impu-
"rities to render them more brittle and ready for crushing or mechanical disinte-
gration."
"
Also by inserting after the words "or the like "
"for the removal of grease from the fabric or fibre."
«
'
on line 23, page 3, the words
. Also by inserting after the words " alkaline salts or " on line 24, page 3, the word
crystallizable."
Also by striking out the words "for effecting" on line 24, page 3, and substi-
tuting therefor the words in preparing the fabric or fibre for."
"
Also by striking out the words "for scouring and" on line 32, page 3, and sub-
stituting therefor the word "in."
"
Also by inserting after the words " or fabrics" on line 33, page 3, the words "by
mechanical disintegration."
Also by striking out the words "scouring and" on line 34, page 3.
And in order that the effect of this Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration
may be better understood I annex a copy of the Specification as it will appear when
such Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration has been made as aforesaid.
" TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ADOLPHE
" ALEXANDRE PLANTROU, jeune, of Boulevard de Strasbourg, No. 23, Paris,
(France), Director of Manufacture, send greeting.
"
"
"
"
"
"WHEREAS Her Most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters Patent
bearing date the Fifteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-seven, in the fortieth year of Her reign, did for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Adolphe
"Alexandre Plantrou, Her special license that I, the said Adolphe Alexandre
Plantrou, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Adolphe Alexandre Plantrou, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR PURIFYING
VEGETABLE AND ANIMAL FIBRES AND FABRICS,' upon the condition (amongst
others), that I, the said Adolphe Alexandre Plantrou, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
"and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
61
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"
"
"
"
"
"
"

page_text: " to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
$4
" NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Aldolphe Alexandre Plantrou, do hereby
"declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
"be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
"statement thereof, that is to say :-
"
My Invention relates to a process of treating fibres and fabrics for the removal
"therefrom of pieces of straw burrs and other foreign matters or impurities.
"
"
"Hitherto for the removal of impurities of vegetablo origin from woollen stuffs
or other animal fabrics or fibres, chemical substances such as acids or salts have
"been employed, these having the effect of carbonizing and so disintegrating the
foreign matters. Such a process is however inapplicable to stuffs consisting wholly
or partially of vegetable fibre, as the fibre would in that case become itself
destroyed or injured. Moreover, when the fibre or fabric is dyed the application
"of chemical substances, such as can disintegrate impurities, is impossible in con-
sequence of the injurious effect upon the colour.
"
"
«
"
"
"According to my Invention such impurities as I have mentioned can be removed
" from fibres or fabrics, whether they be of animal or vegetable origin, or of both in
combination, without injury to the material and without affecting the colour
"when it is dyed. For this purpose I employ a process, the action of which is of
a mechanical nature, that is to say, I treat the material with substances such as
alkaline, silicates, or crystallizable matters such as will when dry adhere to and
" form a crust or envelope on the impurities, rendering them hard and friable, so
"that when they are exposed to the crushing or hammering action of the rollers,
beaters, or fullers, they are reduced to powder and separate themselves from the
"fibre or fabric, which remains uninjured.
"
"As it is generally desirable to remove grease from the fibres or fabric, I prefer
"to conduct the process in such a manner that this is effected simultaneously with
preparation of the fibros or fabric for the
"
C
"
"
A
the removal of the impurities by the mechanical process above set forth. For
this purpose the textile fabric is first submitted to a bath, heated to about 112°
Fahr., and composed of 600 parts by weight of water, 3 parts of silicate of soda,
"and 0-2 part of ammonia or alkali; it is thou treated in a second bath, heated to
"about 112° to 122° Fahr., and composed of 600 parts of water, 2 parts of silicate
"of soda, and 0.1 part of ammonia. By means of these baths the grease is removed
" from the fabric, to effect its preparation for mechanical purification; it is then
subjected to a luke-warm bath of concentrated solution of silicate of soda. In
"the two first-mentioned baths about 0.2 part of soap may be added, in order to
"soften and render supple the fabric under treatment. The fabric after being
subjected to the above baths is then dried, after which it is passed between
pressing cylinders or other suitable known apparatus, whereby it is subjected to
a kind of crushing or fulling process until the separation of the impurities is
accomplished. In being subjected to the above operation the fabric is freed from
grease on being successively steeped in the two first-named baths; if it is only
moderately greasy, treatment in one only of these baths will suffice. On the
"fabric being subjected to the third bath, the pieces of straw burrs and other like
impurities become fitted for disintegration, so that on drying the fabric and
subjecting it to the pressing or fulling process such impurities fall out in the shape
" of dust.
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"
"
"
"
"
"t
Although I prefer to employ the silicate of soda in the above process, yet the
"silicate of potass may also be used; other alkaline salts may be used for the
purifying process, or the preparation of the pieces of straw burrs and other like
impurities, to render them more brittle and ready for crushing or mechanical
disintegration; but they do not possess the property of removing the grease.
"Good results may also be obtained by the use of concentrated soaps, with a base
consisting of a silicate or salt, or by alkali or ammonia, or the like, for the
"removal of grease from the fabric or fibre. In the third bath any alkaline salts
"

page_text: «
or crystallizable compounds of a similar nature may be used in preparing the
"fabric or fibre for the disorganization of the impurities.
"
3
When the raw fibre is operated upon, a beating operation is substituted for the
" above-mentioned fulling process. It will be evident that the above purifying
process may be applied to fabrics that have been freed from grease by any known
process, instead of that above described.
<
.[
«
"
"
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I claim,-
"First. The use of a concentrated solution of silicate of soda in purifying fibres
or fabrics by mechanical disintegration, substantially as herein described.
"
them,
A
Second. Affecting the purification of fibres and fabrics by a process consisting
" of the successive operations of immersing them in scouring baths, drying & and
subjecting them to rolling, beating, or fulling, whereby their impurities are
pulverized, as herein described."
"
In witness whereof, I, the said Adolphe Alexandre Plantrou, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
I hereby grant my fiat, giving leave to the above-named Adolphe Alexandre
Plantrou, jeune, to file in the Great Seal Patent Office, with the Specification
to which the same relates, the above-written Disclaimer and Memorandum of
Alteration.

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Adolphe Alexandre Plantrou, jeune, of Boulevard de
Strasbourg, No. 23, Paris (Franco), Director of Manufacture, for the Invention
of "AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF SCOURING AND PURIFYING VEGETABLE AND
ANIMAL FIBRES AND FABRICS."
Sealed the 8th September 1877, and dated the 15th May 1877
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Adolphe Alexandre Plantrou
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th May 1877.
ADOLPHE ALEXANDRE PLANTROU, jeune, of Boulevard de Strasbourg, No. 23,
Paris (France), Director of Manufacture. "AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF SCOURING
AND PURIFYING VEGETABLE AND ANIMAL FIBRES AND FABRICS."
.
My Invention relates to the process of chemically treating animal fibres and
textile fabrics for the removal of knots and other impurities or foreign matters of
vegetable origin therefrom.
Up to the present time chemical substances such as acids or salts have been em-
ployed for this purpose, which, in destroying all vegetable matter in the fibres or
fabrics, prevented the application of the process to fibres or fabrics wherein
vegetable fibre such as cotton or linen is combined with the animal fibre. Now,
according to my present Invention I employ a process whereby the said impurities
may be removed from the fibres or fabrics, whether these be of animal or of vege-
table origin, or both in combination, without injuring either, while at the same
time they can be cleaned from grease or fatty matter.
The composition which I employ for the above purpose varies according to
whether the fibres or fabrics are to be freed from grease or not at the same time that
they are purified; the essential feature of the process consists in the treatment of
the vegetable fibres by means of an alkaline salt, by preference, a salt of soda,
which protects them from the destructive action exercised on the other impurities. .
According to one process for simultaneously purifying and removing the grease
froin the fibres, I employ silicate of soda without addition of any acid as follows:-
The textile fabric is first submitted to a bath heated to about 112° Fahr., and
composed of 600 parts by weight of water, 3 parts of silicate of soda, and 0.2 part of
ammonia or alkali; it is then treated in a second bath, to about 112° to 122° Fahr.,
Price:4d1

page_text: and composed of 600 parts of water, 2 parts of silicate of soda, and 0.1 part of
ammonia. By means of these baths the grease is removed from the fabric; to effect
its purification it is then subjected to.a luke warm bath of concentrated solution of
silicate of soda. In the two. first-mentioned baths about 0.2 part of soap may be
added, in order to soften and render supple the fabric under treatment. The fabric
after being subjected to the above baths is then dried, after which it is passed
between pressing cylinders or other suitable known apparatus, whereby it is sub-
jected to a kind of crushing or fulling process. In being subjected to the above
operation, the fabric is freed from grease on being successively steeped in the two
first-named baths; if it is only moderately greasy, treatment in one only of these
baths will suffice. On the fabric being subjected to the third bath, the knots, burrs,
and other impurities become disagregated, so that on drying the fabric and sub-
jecting it to the pressing or fulling process such impurities fall out in the shape of
dust.
Although I prefer to employ the silicate of soda in the above process, yet the
silicate of potash may also be used; other alkaline salts may be used for the puri-
fying process, but they do not possess the property of removing the grease. Good
results may also be obtained by the use of concentrated soaps, with a base consisting
of a silicate or a salt, or by alkali, or ammonia, or the like. In the third bath any
alkaline salts or compounds of a similar nature may be used for effecting the
disorganisation of the impurities.
When the raw fibre is operated upon, a beating operation is substituted for the
above-mentioned fulling process.
It will be evident that the above purifying process may be applied to fabrics
that have been freed from grease by any known process instead of that above
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Adolphe Alexandre Plantrou in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
17th October 1877.
ADOLPHE ALEXANDRE PLANTROU, jeune, of Boulevard de Strasbourg, No. 23,
Paris (France), Director of Manufacture. "AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF SCOURING
AND PURIFYING VEGETABLE AND ANIMAL FIBRES AND FABRICS."
My Invention relates to a process of treating fibres and fabrics for the removal
therefrom of knots, pieces of straw, and other foreign matters or impurities.
Hitherto, for the removal of impurities of vegetable origin from woolen stuffs or
other animal fabrics or fibres, chemical substances such as acids or salts have been
employed, these having the effect of carbonising and so disintegrating the foreign
matters. Such a process is, however, inapplicable to stuffs consisting wholly or
partially of vegetable fibre, as the fibre would in that case become itself destroyed
or injured. Moreover, when the fibre or fabric is dyed, the application of chemical
substances, such as can disintegrate impurities, is impossible, in consequence of their
injurious effect on the colour.
According to my Invention, such impurities as I have mentioned can be removed
from fibres or fabrics, whether they be of animal or of vegetable origin, or of both
in combination, without injury to the material, and without affecting the colour
when it is dyed. For this purpose I employ a process the action of which is of a
mechanical nature, that is to say, I treat the material with substances such as
alkaline, silicates, or other crystalline or earthy matters; also organic matters, like
glue, such as will when dry adhere to and form a crust or envelope on the impu-
rities, rendering them hard and friable, so that when they are exposed to the
crushing or hammering action of the rollers, beaters, or fullers they are reduced to
powder, and separate themselves from the fibre or fabric, which remains uninjured.
As it is generally desirable to remove grease from the fibres or fabric, I prefer to

page_text: conduct the process in such a manner that this is effected simultaneously with the
removal of the impurities. For this purpose the textile fabric is first submitted to
a bath, heated to about 112° Fahr., and composed of 600 parts by weight of water,
3 parts of silicate of soda, and 0.2 part of ammonia or alkali; it is then treated in
a second bath, heated to about 112° to 122° Fahr., and composed of 600 parts of
water, 2 parts of silicate of soda, and 0.1 part of ammonia. By means of these
baths the grease is removed from the fabric; to effect its purification, it is then
subjected to a luke warm bath of concentrated solution of silicate of soda. In the
two first-mentioned baths, about 0-2 part of soap may be added in order to soften
and render supple the fabric under treatment. The fabric after being subjected to
the above baths is then dried, after which it is passed between pressing cylinders or
other suitable known apparatus, whereby it is subjected to a kind of crushing or
fulling process. In being subjected to the above operation the fabric is freed from
greaso on being successively steeped in the two first-named baths; if it is only
moderately greasy, treatinent in one only of these baths will suffice. On the fabric
being subjected to the third bath the knots, hurrs, and other impurities become
disintegrated, so that on drying the fabric and subjecting it to the pressing or fulling
process, such impurities fall out in the shape of dust.
Although I prefer to employ the silicate of soda in the above process, yet the
silicate of potass may also be used; other alkaline salts may be used for the puri-
fying process, but they do not possess the property of removing the grease. Good
results may also be obtained by the use of concentrated soaps, with a base consisting
of a silicate or a salt, or by alkali or ammonia, or the like. In the third bath any
alkaline salts or compounds of a similar nature may be used for effecting the dis-
organisation of the impurities.
When the raw fibre is operated upon, a beating operation is substituted for the
above-mentioned fulling process. It will be evident that the above purifying pro-
cess may be applied to fabrics that have been freed from grease by any known
process instead of that above described.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, I claim,-
First. The use of a concentrated solution of silicato of soda for scouring and
purifying fibres or fabrics, substantially as herein described.
Second. Effecting the scouring and purification of fibres and fabrics by a process
consisting of the successive operations of immersing them in scouring baths, drying
them and subjecting them to rolling, beating, or fulling, whereby their impurities
are pulverised, as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Adolphe Alexandre Plantrou, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
Witness,
CH. ARMENGAUD,
Civil Engineer,
23, Bd. de Strasbourg,
à Paris.
A. A. PLANTROU, JNE. (L.S.)