Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 27th July, 1886.
Complete Left, 27th Apr., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 21st June, 1887.
We, ARTHUR BROMLEY HOLMES and JOHN CLOUGH VAUDREY both of 1 Crosshall
Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Electrical Engineers, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
1
In apparatus used for the foregoing purpose, it has been customary to use a special
branch circuit with a large resistance involving considerable expense in forming the
coil. Now our invention is designed to avoid the use of a special circuit and large
resistance coil, and this we accomplish by tapping and using the shunt circuit of the
dynamo.
One mode of carrying this out is as follows:
A soft iron rocking lever is pivoted near its centre upon an axis. One end of this
lever is forked or provided with a pair of pins dipping into two mercury cups, or
between two pairs of metallic springs, pressed together, or their equivalent. The
other end of the rocking lever has an adjustable weight, or fixed weight adjustable in
position on the lever, or else the fulcrum is adjustable, or equivalent means used for
regulating the counterpoise to the forked end. We prefer to use a travelling weight,
adjustable as regards distance from the fulcrum by means of a regulating screw. The
At each end of the
soft iron rocking lever is surrounded by a coil near the centre.
lever are one or more electro magnets, surrounded by a coil or coils, forming part of
the main circuit between the dynamo and accumulators. The coil on the rocking lever
is wound in series with a second coil surrounding each electro magnet core, and in
such a direction as to cause, say, the north poles of the two magnets both to point in
one direction at right angles to the mean direction of the lever, and in a direction from
the rocking lever, opposite to that in which the pins or forks aforesaid point. The
rocking lever, by this winding becomes an electro magnet with its North pole nearest
the two contact making pins.

page_text: The action or the apparatus is as follows:-
The weight before mentioned is so adjusted as to raise the contact fork or pins
out of the mercury cup or other contact when the dynamo is not in action bringing
the North and South poles of the rocking lever in proximity to the similar poles of
the electro magnets. When the dynamo attains its proper working speed, the repul-
.sion between the similar poles and the attraction between the dissimilar ones of the
three magnets, causes the forked end of the rocking lever to be forced down into the
mercury cups, thus completing the main circuit, the current in which passing through
the main coils of the magnets in the same direction as the shunt coils, causes the fork
end of the rocking lever to be held firmly down into, the mercury contact cups.
If for any reason, the speed and electromotive force of the dynamo is diminished,
and the current commences to flow back from the accumulators to the dynamo, the
polarity of the electro magnets is reversed or lessened, and the weighted end of
lever again falls breaking the main circuit.
Other well known forms of contact maker and breaker can be arranged to use the
shunt circuit of the dynamo, instead of an independent branch circuit, but such would-
be, in so far as they use the shunt circuit, but modifications of our herein before
described invention.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool,
Patent Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: We, ARTHUR BROMLEY HOLMES and John Clough VAUDREY both of 1 Crosshall
Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Electrical Engineers, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
In apparatus used for the foregoing purpose, it has been customary to use a special
branch circuit with a large resistance involving considerable expense in forming the
coil. Now our invention is designed to avoid the use of a special circuit and large
resistance coil, and this we accomplish by tapping and using the shunt circuit of the
dynamo.
Our invention is best described by aid of the accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1 is a diagram of our apparatus, side view;
Figure 2 end view, and
Figure 3 a side view of a variation of the same.
Like letters relate to like parts on all the Figures.
Referring more especially to Figures 1 and 2:-
A is a soft iron rocking lever pivoted at B so as to be free to oscillate. One end of
this lever is forked or provided with a pair of pins C, C, dipping into two mercury
cups D, D, or between two pairs of metallic springs, pressed together, or their
equivalent. The other end of the rocking lever A has an adjustable weight or fixed
weight E adjustable in position on the lever, or else the fulcrum is adjustable, or
equivalent means used for regulating the counterpoise to the forked end. We prefer
to use a travelling weight as shown, adjustable as regards distance from the fulcrum
by means of a regulating screw F. The soft iron rocking lever is surrounded by a
coil G near the centre. Near each end of the lever are one ог more electro
magnets H, I, surrounded by a coil or coils forming part of the main circuit between
the dynamo and accumulators. The coil on the rocking lever shown in light lines, is
wound in series with a second coil, also shown in light lines, surrounding each electro
magnet core, and in such a direction as to cause, say, the north poles of the two
magnets, both to point in one direction at right angles to the mean direction of the
lever, and in a direction from the rocking lever, opposite to that in which the pins or
forks aforesaid point, as shown by letters N and S. The rocking lever, by this
winding becomes an electro magnet with its north pole nearest the two contact making
pins. These coils are connected with the shunt circuit of the dynamo.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-
The weight E is so adjusted as to raise the contact fork or pins out of the mercury
cup or other contact when the dynamo is not in action, bringing the North and South

page_text: poles of the rocking lever in proximity to the similar poles of the electro magnets.
When the dynamo attains its proper working speed, the repulsion between the similar
poles and the attraction between the dissimilar ones of the three magnets, causes the
fork end of the rocking lever to be forced down into the mercury cups, thus
completing the main circuit, the current in which passing through the main coils of
the magnets in the same direction as the shunt coils, causes the fork end of the rocking
lever to be held firmly down into the mercury contact cups.
If for any reason, the speed and electro motive force of the dynamo is diminished,
and the current commences to flow back from the accumulators to the dynamo, the
polarity of the electro magnets is reversed or lessened, and the weighted end of lever
again falls, breaking the main circuit. If a single straight magnet L (Figure 3) be
-used, instead of two, or a horse-shoe magnet, a slightly different arrangement is
required. Instead therefore, of winding a coil round the lever and making it a magnet,
we link a piece of soft iron K to the lever arm, and place it in the main coil. The
shunt and main wires can thus be wound in a single coil instead of two or three.
The mode of action is as follows :-
The weight E is, as in the other arrangement, so adjusted as to raise the contact
fork or pins out of the mercury cup or other contact, when the dynamo is not in
action, bringing the short soft iron bar K partially out of the coil, and further away
from magnet L. When the dynamo attains its proper working speed, the attraction
of the two dissimilar poles of K and L draws K down till the pins Center the mercury
cups D, thus completing the main circuit, the current in which as in Figure 2 passing
through the main coil of the magnets in the same direction as the shunt coils, causes
the forked end of the lever to be held firmly down into the mercury cups. In the
drawings + DO stands for the dynamo (or binding screw leading thereto) + S for
shunt and +C for accumulator cells, N for north, and S for south.
Other well known forms of contact maker and breaker can be arranged to use the
shunt circuit of the dynamo, instead of an independent branch circuit, but such would
be, in so far as they use the shunt circuit, but modifications of our herein before
described invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is :
1st. The method of governing a dynamo charging accumulators, or of governing
each of two or more dynamos working in parallel circuit, which consists in tapping
and using the shunt circuit of the dynamo in place of a special coil of high resistance,
for automatically making and breaking the main circuit as required.
2nd. The apparatus for automatically making and breaking circuit for a dynamo
charging accumulators, or for each of two or more dynamos working in parallel
circuit in which the main and shunt circuits of the dynamo are used conjointly for
regulating purposes, substantially as described.
Dated this 26th day of April 1887.