IMPROVEMENTS IN DRYING SHEDS AND APPARATUS FOR DRYING BRICKS
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Frederick Beart, of Arlesey Siding, Baldock, in the
County of Hertford, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRYING SHEDS
AND APPARATUS FOR DRYING BRICKS."
Sealed the 13th April 1877, and dated the 14th November 187
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Frederick Beart
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th November 1876.
WILLIAM FREDERICK BEART, of Arlesey Siding, Baldock, in the County of
Hertford. "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRYING SHEDS AND APPARATUS FOR DRYING
BRICKS."
This Invention has for its object improvements in drying sheds and in apparatus
for drying bricks. For this purpose I build a drying shed over a series of culverts,
and I cover it with a light roof in which are openings to give free exit to the
moisture which rises from the bricks.
Each culvert is divided into two separate flues by a partition consisting of iron
plates laid horizontally.
The lower flues, or those below the iron plates, receive the smoke and products of
combustion from the kilns in which the bricks are burnt.
The upper flues, or those over the plates, receive air which has been passed
through the kilns for the purpose of cooling the bricks after they have been burnt,
and which has thus become heated.
The upper flues are perforated at the top so that the hot air can escape from them
into the body of the shed.
The shed is divided longitudinally by long partitions into separate passages or
chambers, and against these partitions racks are formed on which the bricks are
placed separately.
Each passage or chamber is furnished with doors at the ends which are closed,
except when placing or removing the bricks, so as to shut off all communication
with the neighbouring passages or chambers; the air flues are so arranged that the
hot air can be shut off from any passage or chamber whilst it is open.

page_text: Sometimes, in place of utilizing the heat from the kilns in which the bricks are
burnt, I simply form the floor of the drying shed of iron plates with flues under
them, and I provide furnaces at the ends of the shed communicating with these
flues. The flues lead to a chimney which rises up at the centre of the shed and
passes through the roof. The shed is divided by partitions, against which racks
or shelves, to receive the bricks, are fixed as already described, so that the bricks
-are kept at a distance from the heated plates, contact with which would tend to
crack and spoil them.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Frederick Beart in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
14th May 1877.
WILLIAM FREDERICK BEART, of Arlesey Siding, Baldock, in the County of
Hertford. "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRYING SHEDS AND APPARATUS FOR DRYING
BRICKS."
This Invention has for its object improvements in drying sheds and in apparatus
for drying bricks. For this purpose I build a drying shed over a series of culverts,
and I cover it with a light roof in which are openings to give free exit to the
moisture which rises from the bricks.
Each culvert is divided into two separate flues by a partition consisting of iron
plates laid horizontally.
The lower flues, or those below the iron plates, receive the smoke and products of
combustion from the kilns in which the bricks are burnt.
The upper flues, or those over the plates, receive air which has been passed
through the kilns for the purpose of cooling the bricks after they have been burnt,
and which has thus become heated.
The upper flues are perforated at the top so that the hot air can escape from them
into the body of the shed.
C
The shed is divided longitudinally by long partitions into separate passages or
chambers, and against these partitions racks are formed on which the bricks are
placed separately.
Each passage or chamber is furnished with doors at the ends which are closed,
except when placing or removing the bricks, so as to shut off all communication
with the neighbouring passages or chambers; the air flues are so arranged that the
hot air can be shut off from any passage or chamber whilst it is open.
Sometimes, in place of utilizing the heat from the kiln in which the bricks are
burnt, I simply form the floor of the drying shed of iron plates with flues under
them, and I provide furnaces at the ends of the shed communicating with these
flues. The flues lead to a chimney which rises up at the centre of the shed and
passes through the roof. The shed is divided by partitions, against which racks
or shelves, to receive the bricks, are fixed as already described, so that the bricks
are kept at a distance from the heated plates, contact with which would tend to
crack and spoil them.
In order that my said Invention may be most fully understood, and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a sectional plan; Figure 2 is a longitudinal section; and Figure 3 is
a transverse section of a drying shed fitted for drying bricks according to my In-
vention; the line 1, 1, in Figure 1, is that on which the section represented in
Figure 2 is taken; the line 2, 2, in Figure 1, is that on which the section re-
presented in Figure 3 is taken; and the line 3, 3, in Figure 2, is that on which the
section represented in Figure 1 is taken.

page_text: a, a, a, are the kilns in which the bricks are burnt; a¹, are their fire holes or
furnaces; a³, are holes in the top through which small fuel can be introduced to
aid in burning the bricks; a³, are short chimnies which are opened whilst the
bricks are tanning to allow the steam to escape, when burning; these chimneys are
closed by means of dampers provided for the purpose; b, b, b, are flues leading from
the kilns to the transverse flues cand c', which are in communication with the culverts
d, d, d, formed in the lower part of the drying shed, as is clearly seen in Figure 3.
The culverts d are each divided into two parts by iron plates d', and when the
kiln is being fired the products of combustion pass into the flue c and thence into
the flues or portions of the culverts beneath the iron plates d', for at this time a
damper, represented in Figure 2, closes the passage from the flue b into the flue c¹.
But in the case of those kilns which contain bricks already burnt and in the process
of cooling, the air, which has become heated by passing through the kiln amongst
the bricks is allowed to pass into the flue c', and the passage from the flueb of
such a kiln into the flue is closed by a damper seen in Figure 2. The hot air passes
from the flue c¹ into the upper parts of the culverts & above the iron plates, and the
quantity taken by each culvert can be regulated by dampers, one of which is seen
at c². Thus the whole of the products of combustion from the kilns, where burning
is going on, passes to the chimney e by the culverts & beneath the iron plates d
whilst the hot air from the kilns, where bricks are cooling, simultaneously enters the
upper parts of the culverts over the plates d', and is discharged into the body of the
shed, the roof of the culvert being perforated and stopping short of the further end
of the shed. The smoke flues beneath the plates d' deliver into the transverse flue
e leading to the tall chimney f. There are dampers at e¹ for regulating the draught
through each culvert according to the requirements. g, g, are fire holes, which are
only employed when the kilns are not at work, they open directly into the flue c,
and they are built up when not in use. h, h, are longitudinal partitions dividing
the body of the shed into a number of separate passages or chambers; there are doors
at the ends of these passages or chambers which are opened only when placing and
removing the bricks. Against the partitions / shelves are fixed to receive the
bricks to be dried. i, i, are short chimneys for carrying off the vapour from the
passages or drying chambers.
Figure 4 is a sectional plan; Figure 5 is a longitudinal section; and Figure 6, a
transverse section of another but similar shed fitted for drying bricks; according to
my Invention in this arrangement fires are provided expressly for the purpose of
heating the shed, but nevertheless, where it can be done conveniently, I prefer to
utilise the otherwise waste heat from the kilns, and I find this very economical
where continuous action kilns are in use.
a, a, are the fire-places supplying heated products of combustion to the flues b; these
flues are partly or entirely of metal. I prefer to form them in the manner represented
in the Drawings, that is to say, with the bottom and sides of brickwork and a top
or covering of wrought-iron plates held down by bolts. c is a transverse flue
with which the flues & communicate, and it leads to a chimney at d. The shed is
divided into longitudinal passages by partitions, as already described in respect to
Figures 1, 2, and 3; each passage is divided with a door at each end, and air is also
adinitted through ventilating openings at the ends in sufficient quantity to carry the
vapour from the moist bricks away by the chimneys i, i.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention and the manner of per-
forming the same, I would have it understood that I claim,-
First. The construction of drying sheds for drying bricks with culverts in the
floor or lower part of the shed, such culverts being divided by metal plates, so as to
form upper and lower flues for hot air and products of combustion respectively,
substantially as described.
Second. The construction of drying sheds with culverts or flues wholly or partly of
metal, and receiving products of combustion from kilns or from separate furnaces, and
with partitions over such culverts or flues dividing the shed into separate passages or
chambers, and with racks to receive the bricks to be dried, substantially as described.

page_text: Third. The construction of apparatus for drying bricks, substantially as
described and represented in the annexed Drawings, and either with or without the
partitions h.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Frederick Beart, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
WILLIAM F. BEART. (LS.)