A New or Improved Pneumatic Tyre and Rim for the Wheels of Velocipedes and other Vehicles.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 15th May, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 12th Feb., 1894--Accepted, 28th Apr., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Pneumatic Tyre and Rim for the Wheels of
Velocipedes and other Vehicles.
I HUGH MCGRAW of 10 St. Augustines Villas Archway Road London,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:—
My invention relates to an improved pneumatic tyre and rim for the wheels of
velocipedes and other vehicles, and has for its object to produce a pneumatic
tyre built up of short independent sections so that in the event of a puncture or
burst occurring that section only, in which it occurred will collapse, and the
tyre will thus not be immediately disabled as the other sections will tend under
the working pressure to move into the space of the damaged section, and the
damaged part can be easily replaced later on or then.
In carrying my invention into practice I employ a concave rim carrying a rubber
band to form a cushion, a series or row of hollow, elastic, airtight balls circular or
elliptical of any convenient size, or hollow elastic airtight cylinders, whose length
equals approximately their diameter packed tightly around in the cavity of the
rim, and held in this position by a band of indiarubber or other pliable material,
the balls or cylinders being pressed between the rim and band, form, with the latter
the tread of the tyre.
In order to obtain this pressure I employ an additional adjustable rim, connected
to and adjustable from the wheel rim by screws, these screws may be secured to
but turn freely without working in the outer rim, and work through brass collars
in the inner rim for additional security. This adjustable rim should be in short
lengths with overlapping end, secured by a pin in one end, working in a slot in
the adjoining end, and may be placed either inside or outside the wheel rim.
When placed outside the wheel rim, which may then be of any convenient form,
the adjustable rim should be concave to take the rubber cushion and balls or
cylinders, and be adjustable by the screws, of which there should be at least two
to each length or piece of rim, to press the balls or cylinders against the outer
band, the edges of which, in this case, would be secured to or over the wheel rim,
by laces, or cement or both or other convenient means. When placed inside the
wheel rim, (the latter should then be concave to take the cushion and balls or
cylinders as above described,) it may take any convenient form, being perforated
to slide on the spokes, when being adjusted from the outer rim and having in this
case the edges of the outer band secured to or over it as above described.
The balls or cylinders may be of india rubber or rubber and canvas or other
pliant material of sufficient strength and elasticity, and filled with air or gas or
other fluid under pressure if necessary, or may contain sufficient liquefied or solidified
gas to maintain the pressure normal under variations in capacity produced by
working.
1000
F. G. CASSELL,
Of Cassell & Co.,
22, Glasshouse Street. Regent Street, London,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: :
A New or Improved Pneumatic Tyre and Rim for the Wheels of
Velocipedes and other Vehicles.
I HUGH MCGRAW of 10 St. Augustines Villas Archway Road London N.
Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to an improved pneumatic tyre and rim for the wheels of
velocipedes and other vehicles, and has for its object to produce a pneumatic
tyre composed of short independent sections, or compartments, such that, in the
event of a puncture or burst occurring, that section only, in which it occurred
would collapse, and the tyre would not therefore, be disabled as the remaining
sections would under the working stress distribute themselves so as to fill the
space lately occupied by the damaged section, which could be replaced at any
convenient future time.
In carrying my invention into practice I employ a secondary expanding or
contracting adjustable rim A Fig. I & II either inside or outside the fixed
wheel rim-the outer rim being concave outwards in section, a series or row of
hollow airtight rubber balls, or hollow airtight rubber cylinders B Fig. I & II
whose length equals approximately their diameter, packed tightly around in the
cavity of the outer rim, and held in this position by a band or jacket C Fig. I
& II of rubber and canvas, or other pliant material, whose edges are secured
to the inner rim, the balls or cylinders being pressed between the outer rim and
this band form with the latter the tread of the tyre.
The expanding or contracting adjustable rim is employed to obtain the necessary
tension in the air or gas in the balls or cylinders, and should be in conveniently
short lengths with overlapping ends-or having a collar secured to one end of each
length in which the adjoining end of the next length would slide in expanding or
contracting D Fig. I-and should be connected to and adjustable from the fixed
wheel rim E Fig. 1 & 11 by screws F Fig. I & II-working through brass or other
metal collars in the inner rim for additional stability-of which there may be three
to each length, the centre one of which should be secured to but turn freely in the
outer rim, and the two outer of which should be secured to but turn freely in
slots H Fig. I or chases in it to admit of expanding or. contracting without binding,
or this may be attained by the two outer screws working sufficiently loosely in the
collars to admit of the necessary deflection.
The adjustable rim may be either outside or inside the fixed wheel rim.
When placed outside the wheel rim-which may then be of any convenient
form the adjustable rim should then be concave outwards and of convenient
section to take the balls or cylinders, with a rubber or felt band Q Fig. I & II
between rim and balls to form a bed or cushion for the latter, and be adjustable
from the wheel rim as above described to press the balls or cylinders against the
outer band or jacket, the edges of which would then be secured to the inner
fixed rim.
When placed inside the wheel rim-the latter should then be of convenient form
to take the balls or cylinders, and rubber or felt band or cushion-the adjustable
rim may be of any convenient form which will admit of eyelet holes for the hooks
of the jacket and be perforated to slide on the spokes K Fig. I & II when being
adjusted from the wheel rim, by screws as above described, thus obtaining the
necessary tension in the balls by the band or jacket pressing them against the
fixed wheel rim, the inner rim having the edges of the band or jacket secured
to it.

page_text: The balls or cylinders B Fig. I & II may be of rubber or rubber & canvas or
other pliant material of sufficient strength and elasticity, and filled with air or gas,
or other fluid, under pressure, and may have a neck for the purpose of securing or
sealing them when filled, and the substance of the balls or cylinders may be
distended in filling previous to being placed in the tyre.
The outer band or jacket C Fig. I & II may consist of rubber & canvas or other
pliant material of sufficient strength and density, but should admit of very little
distention under the working stress, it should have a band of moderately stiff
canvas L Fig. I & II or felt adhering to it along the centre of its width, but with
loose edges of sufficient depth to admit of their passing down between the rim or
cushion and balls to prevent the latter being chafed in working.
The band or jacket C Fig. I & II may be secured to the inner rim by two
rows of metal hooks N Fig. I & II rivetted to the inside of the band near its
may be
edges, and which hook into corresponding eyelet holes in the rim, &
prevented becoming unhooked in working either, by the spare edges of the band
being cemented to the rim, or by a thin rubber band P Fig. I & II sliding on
the spokes &c. and covering the edges where brought together, and having
expanding wires at its edges which when adjusted would press sufficiently on the
band & hooks to retain them in position, or, a light metal rim divided into con-
venient lengths and sliding on the spokes &c. and with overlapping ends having
a screw working in one end of each piece through a slot in the adjoining end,
which may be adjusted and fixed to press on the edges of the band and hooks to
prevent displacement in working.
While placing the balls, the band may be retained temporarily and loosely in
position by twine which may be used to facilitate placing the hooks in position
when all the balls are placed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
(1.) The employment of an expanding or contracting adjustable secondary rim
for obtaining or regulating the necessary working tension in pneumatic tyres for
wheels, substantially as herein set forth."
(2.) The employment of metal hooks rivetted to the inside of a band or jacket,
and hooking into eyelet holes in a rim, and held so hooked by either, cement, a
rubber band with expanding wires, or an expanding metal band, substantially as
described and for the purpose specified.