IMPROVE- MENTS IN COMBING AND DRAWING WOOL AND CERTAIN DESCRIPTIONS OF HAIR
Year: 1842

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
EDMOND DONISTHORPE, of Bradford, in the County of York, Top Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Sixth day of July, in the sixth year of Her reign, did, for Her-
self, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said George
Edmond Donisthorpe, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said George Edmond Donisthorpe, my exors, adñiors,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said George Edmond Donisthorpe, my
exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN COMBING AND DRAWING WOOL AND CERTAIN DESCRIPTIONS OF HAIR;" in
which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said George
Edmond Donisthorpe, shall cause a particular description of the nature of
my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully
and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said George
Edmond Donisthorpe, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and

page_text: ascertamed and by the ionowing statemen
the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon
(that is to say):
The Invention relates,-
First, to improvements in constructing the combs used in machinery for 5
combing wool and certain-descriptions of hair; and the improvements consist
in constructing such combs with teeth set at a coarser guage at the end where
they first commence to work the wool or hair, and of a finer guage at the
other end where the teeth are caused to penetrate the wool or hair (under
process) closer up to the head of the comb containing the wool or hair, as will 1
be hereafter described.
Secondly, my Invention relates to improvements in combining working
combs with combs which move in a circular or endless course.
Thirdly, my Invention relates to improvements in apparatus for filling combs
with wool or hair.
Fourthly, my Invention relates to applying steam or hot water to the heads
of combs, which are placed on a revolving axis where such combs have a
movement to and from their axis of motion, in addition to their rotation
around such axis.
Fifthly, my Invention relates to a mode of using drawing-off rollers, each
roller having an axis at only one end.
And sixthly, my Invention relates to modes of using two or more rotatory
combs with a moving, curved, or endless comb.
And in order that the Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed,
reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
The nature of the various views of the machinery, which are shewn in the
Drawings, being written thereon, the same will not be required to be repeated
here.
The first part of the Invention relates, as above stated, to a mode of con-
structing the working combs, in order to make them more suitable for comb-
ing, particularly in such cases as have the combs so placed that each of the
working combs acts upon the outer ends of the wool or hair at one end of
the combs at the same time that the other end of the same comb is working
up closer to the head of the comb which is holding the wool or hair; and this
part of the Invention consists in setting the teeth at one end of each of the
working combs to a coarser guage than at the other end of each of the combs.

page_text: I may here state that I do not make any claim to the working of combs
which act closer up at one end to the heads of the combs with which they
are working than at the other of their ends, it having been before proposed
so to work combs; and Mr. Cartwright, several years ago, described a mode
of so working combs in one of the Specifications to his Patents, and other
modes have since been proposed.
Figure 1 shews a front view of a comb constructed according to this part
of my Invention, Figure 2 is an end view thereof, and Figure 3 is a plan of
the coarser end of the comb. The degree of coarseness and fineness of the
setting of the teeth may be varied. The Drawing shews those which I am
using, and find fully to answer; the Drawing shewing the combs of the real
size for fine wool, and the front and back rows of teeth are shewn to have
flattened stems which I prefer to be the case; but other teeth may be used,
varying the setting from a coarser to a finer guage according to the nature
of the wool or hair under process. In using combs' such as above described in
machinery, which causes the combs which carry the wool or hair to move in a
direction from the coarser towards the finer end of the working combs, and in
such manner that the working.combs work in a direction across the surface of
the wool or hair, the finer end of the combs working near to the head of the
comb with which they are working, and the coarser end of the combs working
at a distance from the head of the comb with which they are working, will
cause the wool or hair first to be combed out near the ends with the coarser
guage of teeth, and as the wool or hair is carried onwards, the teeth will pene-
trate nearer and nearer to the head of the comb which is carrying the wool, and
the working teeth in so penetrating, further and further into the wool will
become of finer and finer guage till the combing is completed by the finest
guage of the teeth combing up near to the head of the comb with which they
are working.
I will now describe the machinery shewn in the Drawing, in order that the
other parts of my Invention may be understood. a, a, is the framing of the
machine, the nature and construction of which are clearly shewn in the various
Figures of the Drawing. The comb, which is filled, and carries the wool to
the working combs, moves in a circular course, b, b, being a ring which carries
the comb teeth; or the circle of combs may be made up of several combs
b, b, the heads of which are a segment of a circle. The circular comb b, b,
moves in a circular guide c, c, affixed on the framing a. The outer surfaces
of the ring of combs 6 is formed into a toothed rack, in order that the comb b
may be caused to move in a circular course by means of the cog wheeld,
which takes into the teeth of the toothed racks formed on the heads of the

page_text: combs b, and motion is communicated to the cog wheel d in the following
manner is a shaft or axis turning in bearings above the machine. This
axis e receives motion from a steam engine or other power by means of a
strap acting on the drum f. On the axis or shaft e is, affixed the drum g,
which, by means of a strap working on the drum h, gives motion to the shaft a
or axis i, on which the drum h is affixed, such axis i turning in bearings
within the circular framing c, as is shewn. On the axis or shaft i is affixed
the bevilled toothed wheel j, which takes into and drives the bevilled toothed
wheel k, which is affixed to the axis l, which turns in bearings *, carried by
the framing of the machine. On the axis is affixed a pinion m, which takes
into and drives the cog wheel n, affixed on the axis o, which turns in suitable
bearings carried by the framing. On the axis o is affixed the cog wheel d
which, as before stated, takes into the toothed racks of the combs b, and
causes those combs to move round in the circular guide c. The axis l, at its
upper end, has one of the drawing rollers p affixed thereto, the other drawing
roller receiving motion by means of the drawing roller p. The axis of the
drawing roller q turns in suitable bearings. Each of the drawing rollers has
an endless cloth t, v, which I prefer to be of felt or woollen cloth. The end-
less cloth t moves on the drawing roller p and the roller or drum p², which
turns upon an axis p³, and the object of the endless cloth t is to lay hold of
the wool or hair as it comes through between the drawing rollers, and conduct
it towards the pressing or delivering rollers r, s, which press the continuous
sliver as it passes between them, and the sliver is guided to the rollers r, s,
by means of the bell-shaped funnel u, as is shewn. The endless cloth v works
with the drawing roller q and the roller p³, the object of it being to lay the
wool or hair, and carry the ends forward towards the drawing rollers, the
surface of the endless cloth v travelling faster than the combs b.
ing rollers r, s, receive motion in the following manner:-On the
roller r is affixed a pulley, which receives a gut or other suitable band 7,
which is guided by the guide pullies 73, 74, and receives motion by the pulley
w, which is affixed on to one of the drawing rollers a, which are for drawing
off the "backings;" and the axis of this roller a receives motion from the
axis by means of two cog wheels 1, a, which are respectively fixed on the
axes l, x. The axes of the drawing rollers x, a, turn in bearings carried by
the circular framing, and within the circle of combs b, b, and are so placed as
to draw off the "backings" of wool or hair after the other drawing rollers
have drawn off the sliver of wool or hair; and the wool or hair composing the
backings," as it is drawn off the backs of the combs b, may be wound on
either of the endless cloths a, a, which work with the drawing rollers x aud
The press-
axis of the

page_text: with the rollers a³, and be broken therefrom when sufficiently accumulated.
I would remark that, as drawing rollers which have axes at each end cannot
come well up to the combs which they are drawing of their wool or hair, and the
wool or hair is liable to get upon the axes of the rollers at one end, and thus
require to have the machinery stopped, in order to clear the axes; and one
part of my Invention relates to a mode of using drawing rollers, each roller
having an axis at only one end. Figure A shews part of a plan of a
machine having drawing rollers, each only with one axis for drawing off the
wool in front, and also at the back of the machine, and the rollers are marked
with the same letters of reference as those used for the other arrangements of
drawing rollers, and the motion is communicated to the rollers at their upper
ends, which a machinist will readily arrange. The rollers for drawing off in
front are shewn separately at Figure B, and the rollers for drawing off the
backings are shewn separately at Figure C; and it will be seen that one of
cach pair of the drawing rollers moves in a fixed bearing, whilst the bearing
of the other of each pair is capable of a sliding movement in the fraine 12, 12,
and the moveable rollers are pressed against the stationary roller by means of
two springs (13), (14), the spring 13 pressing towards the lower end of the
bearing of the axis, and near to its roller, so as to press the moveable draw-
ing roller towards the stationary roller by means of the rod (15), around
which the spring (13) is coiled, and the spring (14) is so applied as to have
a tendency to draw the upper part of the moveable bearing of the moveable
roller away from the stationary bearing; hence, the moveable bearing may be
said to move upon the rod (15) as a fulcrum, and thus cause the principle of
the pressure of the moveable roller to be transmitted to its lower end, and
thus cause it to press with more force against the lower end of the stationary
roller. The frame (12), (12), of the front drawing rollers is made capable of
movement, and consequently allows of the distance of the moveable roller
from the comb being adjusted, that frame (12) turning on the bearing of the
stationary roller, as is shewn; and that frame has a projection (16) affixed
thereto or formed thereon, having a slot through it, so that it may be affixed
to the main framing by a nut and screw, as shewn. I may remark, that the
using of a circular comb, such as is produced by b, b, forms no part of my
Invention when separately considered, and in place of a circular comb other
endless combs may be used in carrying out part of my Invention, but, I
believe, not with such advantage; and I make no claim to the using of draw-
ing rollers p, q, for drawing off wool or hair from endless combs, unless when
so applied as each to have an axis only at one end. The wool or hair in the
combs b, b, after it has been combed, and before it is, drawn, should be raised:

page_text: a little from the lower parts of the stems of the teeth, in order to facilitate
the process of drawing. by the drawing rollers p, q, and a, x; for this purpose I
apply a blade with a leather surface (1) on the rod (2), this rod having a slot
through which a fixed pin (3) passes, and in the up-and-down motion of the
rod (2) the pin controls the motion of the blade (1). The lower end of the
rod (2) is placed on a crank pin affixed to the pulley (4), which receives
motion by the band (5). By this arrangement a quick motion to the blade
(1) will be obtained, and the wool or hair in the comb b will be. lifted in the
combs b, b. The wool is removed from the combs b, b, by' means of a brush z,
the bearing of the axis of which is affixed to the circular framing of the
machine, and the brush z receives motion from the main shaft or axis by
means of a gut or other band worked by the pulley z¹, affixed on the axis or
shaft e, the gut or other band from the pulley 2 working the pulley z² affixed
on the axis of the brush z; all which will readily be understood on examining
the Drawings..
.
.
.
I will now describe the apparatus for lashing the wool or hair into and
filling the combs b, which apparatus is also suitable for lashing wool or hair
into and filling combs which may be caused to move past the apparatus by other
means than 'when moving in a circle. This apparatus is shewn as applied to
the machine, as well as separately in section, by which the niode of arranging
the parts will readily be traced, and the manner of their working will be under-
stood by the description hereafter given. On the main or driving shaft or axis
is affixed the crank A, which gives motion to the connecting rod B, which is
attached to a crank pin affixed to the crank A. The lower end of the con-
necting rod is attached to a pin affixed to the arm C of the toothed sector C,
such-toothed sector moving on an axis D, the bearings of which axis are affixed
to one side of the projecting framing E, E, as is shewn. The toothed sector
gives motion to a bevilled cog wheel F, affixed to the axis G, which is a
framed or open axis, allowing the sliver of wool to be combed as it is fed into
the machine to pass through the opening in the axis, this axis only making a
portion of a revolution. The axis G moves in bearings E', E', on the project-
ing framings E, E. On the axis G are affixed the two plates H, H, which are
combined by the stay bar H¹, and these two plates I will be caused to move
up and down, describing an arc of a circle; and by means of the apparatus here-
after described the wool fed into the machine will be lashed on to the combs,
and in being lashed will be drawn in a direction away from the combs 6 by a
retrograde motion of the feeding rollers, as hereafter explained. On the axis G
is the drum I, which moves freely on that axis G, and motion is communicated
to the drum I by means of the endless strap or band J, which is driven by the

page_text: drum J' affixed on the axis Je, such axis moving in bearings at the upper part
of the room in which the machinery is placed, and motion is communicated to
the axis J by means of the screw Js affixed on the main or driving axis or
shaft e, such screw taking into and driving the screw wheel J' affixed on the
axis J, by which means a slow motion will be given to the drum I, and conse-
quently to the parts driven thereby. On the drum I is affixed the cog
wheel K, which takes into and drives the cog wheel L on the axis of one of
the grooved rollers (6), which grooved rollers turn in bearings formed in the
plates H. On the axis of one of the grooved rollers (6) is affixed the cog
wheel (7), which takes into and drives the cog wheel (8) affixed on the axis of
one of the feed rollers (9), the two feed rollers (9) being geared together
by means of the cog wheels (10). The two feed rollers (9) turn in bearings
formed in the plates H, H. (11), (11), are guage plates to prevent the wool
or hair spreading too much along the rollers (9). The sliver of roughly combed
out wool from a preparing machine, as is well understood, is laid on to the
table E*, and it is drawn through the guide tube E2 by the grooved rollers (6),
it thence passes between the feed rollers (9). The apparatus for feeding and
lashing the wool or hair into the combs b, when rising after having lashed the
wool or hair into the combs b, gives motion to the rollers (9) and (6) in a
direction to draw and feed the wool through between those rollers, and the
motion of the cog wheel K adds to the quantity of motion which would be com-
municated to those rollers (9) and (6); for it will readily be understood that if
the
cog wheel K. where à fixture, the quantity of: motion of the rollers (9)
and. (6), first in one direction and then in the other, would be equal, and no
wool or hair would be continually fed through between the feed rollers; but,
owing to the slow motion of the cog wheel K, there will be a constant feeding
of wool through between the feed rollers, whilst the up-and-down. motion of
the plates H, and the consequent motion of the cog wheel L will cause the
wool or hair, when it is lashed into the combs b, to be drawn away from
the combs by the back revolution of the feed rollers; and it is this peculiar
working of the feed rollers, and the apparatus connected therewith, which
constitutes one part of my improvements.
I will now describe the means of applying working combs to an endless
comb b, working in a circular or endless course, whereby the working combs
shall, at one of their ends, approach near the curved combs 6 with which they
are working, and be at a distance from the comb b at the other end, whereby one
end of a working comb will be working the outer ends of the wool or hair, and
the other end of the same working comb will be working up to near the head of
the comb 6 with which it is working, the working combs being mounted on a

page_text: To the
revolving axis, and each comb being so mounted as to have a movement from
the comb with which it is working and towards the axis of motion at the time
the working comb is in the wool or hair (carried by the circular or endless
comb) and combing it; and it should be observed, that the working combs
work with the circular combs 6 in such direction that the points of the working
combs pass downwards opposite the teeth in the circular comb b, b, the teeth of
the combs b, b, rising upwards from the heads of the combs b, so that the heads
of the working combs, in revolving, pass towards the heads of the circular
combs b, b. I do not, however, confine myself to the relation of the teeth of
the working combs to the combs b, as that may be varied, so long as the rotatory
combs have each a movement to their centre of motion, and work with endless
combs. M is the axis which carries three, or it might be one or more, working
combs; this axis M turns in bearings at M², which are carried the framing
which is affixed to the circular framing of the machine, as is shown. The
axis M receives motion from the axis or shaft e, by means of a strap or band
worked by the drum M² affixed on the axis e, which drives the drum M³
affixed on the axis M. The axis M is hollow in order to receive steam,
there being a steam pipe from a steam boiler applied thereto.
axis M are hollow arms M5, which communicate with the hollow rings M.
These rings have openings through them for receiving the necks of the hollow
steam boxes N, so that they move, and yet have steam pass through from the
rings M into them. The necks of the steam boxes N have each a projecting
crank arm, with a pin N' affixed thereto, such pins being guided and governed in
their movement by the fixed excentric guides O, which are so arranged as to
cause the working combs which are affixed to the steam boxes N to recede
from the comb b before the head of the working comb comes to the head of
the comb b; but the end of the working combs nearest the comb b will work
the teeth well up to the teeth of the comb b when entering amongst the wool
or hair; and owing to the combs 6 forming part of a circle, there will be a con-
siderable space between the other end of the working combs and the combs b.
It should be stated, when the working combs used in this machine are accord-
ing to the first part of the Invention, then the end of the comb where the teeth
are set to the finest guage is to come nearest the comb b, and the coarsest end of
the comb will be most distant from the comb b when working. I would remark,
that although I believe it be better to use rotatory working combs, each having
a movement towards the centre of motion in their rotation and when in the
wool or hair, yet rotatory working combs, describing a complete circle in their
rotation, may be advantageously combined with circular or endless combs,
where such circular or endless combs are supplied or fed with wool or hair by

page_text: other means than the rotatory working combs which work therewith. And part
of my Invention consists of combining rotatory combs, which perform in a circle
in their rotation on their axis of motion, with curved or endless combs, when
so arranged that the rotatory combs work up near the heads of the circular or
endless combs b with which they work, the convexity of the curved or endless
combs producing an angular space between it and the working combs, whereby
the teeth of the same working comb will at one end be working nearly up to
the head of the curved or endless comb, and at the other end will be working
near the outer ends of the wool or hair placed in the endless or curved combs,
the working combs not being so arranged as to supply the endless or curved
combs with wool or hair; and I prefer to use working combs according to the first
part of my Invention, when so working. I would here remark, that I am aware
that working combs have been before mounted on a rotatory axis, and they
have before been so mounted that they may each have an independent motion
to and from the axis of motion during their revolution, so as to cause them to
move away from the combs with which they work when the teeth are in the
wool or hair; and Patents have been taken for modes of producing such
movement, but in all cases they have been caused to work with straight combs.
Now, one part of my Invention consists of combining a curved or endless comb
with working combs which are mounted on an axis, the head of each comb
having the capability of being moved towards the axis of motion in their
rotation and at the time of combing, so that the working combs may at one
end work up near to the circular comb with which they are working; and
although I prefer the arrangement above described for obtaining such move-
ment of the heads of the combs towards the centre of motion during their
revolution, I do not confine myself thereto. P is a brush for clearing the
teeth of the working combs, there being a crank handle on the axis of the brush
(which has several tufts of hair, though only one is shewn), for turning the
brush from time to time. I would here remark, that in some cases, in place of
having a series of combs mounted on a rotatory axis, I sometimes apply two, three,
or more single combs, one succeeding each other in such manner that the comb
which first strikes the uncombed wool should be at a distance from the head of
the endless comb b with which it works; and the teeth of such first comb should..
be coarser than the next comb, which is to be placed and worked closer up to
the head of the endless comb 6 with which it works; and I prefer that such
single combs, so combined and worked with endless combs, should incline
across the wool carried by the comb b, and in such manner that one end of
each comb should work nearer to the head of the comb b than the other end
of the same comb, and that the working combs should be constructed according

page_text: to the first part of my Invention. The best mode I am acquainted with for
working such single combs is to mount them each on separate bars or rods,
and connect a crank to the other end of each such bar or rod, and cause
a. fixed pin to pass through a slot formed in the bar, by which means,
as the crank revolves, motion will be communicated to the single working
comb affixed to such rod, and the motion of the comb will be governed by the
slot in the rod sliding on the fixed pin, and a good combing action thereby
obtained. I do not, however, confine myself to the mode of working two or
more single combs in combination with an endless comb 6, such as is above
described, as other arrangements of machinery may be substituted for moving
such single combs; this part of the Invention relating to the combining two or
more single combs in succession with an endless comb b, as before described.
It is important that the combs 6 should be kept heated, I therefore make the
circular frame on which they move hollow at a', in order to receive steam or
hot water. If steam be used, then there is to be a steam pipe from a steam
boiler to the hollow space a¹, and an escape pipe for the condensed steam; and
if hot water be used, then there is to be a pipe leading from a boiler to the
space a¹, and another pipe leading from the space a¹ to the boiler, so that a
constant flow of hot water may take place through the hollow space a¹.
I will now describe the sixth part of my Invention, which relates to
combining a series of rotatory working combs with a moving, curved, or endless
comb. Figure D shews a plan of so much of a machine, according to this
part of my Invention, as will enable me to explain the combination and mode
of working of these improvements. This Drawing shews only part of the
curved or endless comb b, which is to have motion communicated to it, and
having feeding and drawing apparatus applied thereto, as above described;
and the working combs work with axes which are parallel, or nearly so, with
the teeth of the comb b, consequently the teeth of the working combs will work
the wool across the teeth of the comb b; but this arrangement of the direction
of the teeth is not necessary, but when fixed teeth are used I prefer the
positions shewn. The arrows shew the direction of the motion of the two
working combs working in opposite directions, but, if desired, they may be
moved in the same direction. There is also what I call a porcupine cylinder A,
which first operates on the wool or hair which is fed into the comb b, and
removes any loose particles of fibres therefrom, which loose fibres accumulate
on the porcupine cylinder, and are to be removed from time to time. The two
working cylinders are to have brushes applied to them, as before described, in
order to keep them clear of wool or hair. The teeth of the working combs B
and C I prefer to be curved, as shewn, when working across the teeth of the

page_text: comb b, and such is the case when moving in other directions, in order that
they may enter the wool or hair well before they begin to comb it out,
though I do not confine myself thereto. The two or more working cylinders
with fixed teeth, which are used in combination with a curved or endless comb,
are so arranged that the first cylinder. works at a distance from the teeth of the
combs b, and only enters amongst the ends of the wool or hair; the next teeth
of the next working cylinder with combs take closer up to the curved or end-
less comb b, and thus penetrate more into the wool or hair; and the teeth of
the third cylinder are to work as close as possible up to the teeth of the comb' b.
By this mode of working comb teeth fixed to revolving cylinders or axes, and
working in combination with an endless or curved comb, there will be great
advantage, consequent on the teeth on the successive axes working closer and
closer up to the teeth of an endless or curved comb. I would remark, that
although I believe it will be better in all cases to use three such revolving axes
with fixed combs or teeth, yet with very short wool two such axes may be used;
and it is better that the first comb should have a coarser guage of teeth than
the next or second revolving working comb, and the second revolving comb of
a coarser guage than the third; and although I prefer the succession of combs
to become closer and closer up to the comb b, I do not confine myself thereto,
as all the combs may work up near the comb b.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I would wish it to be understood that I do
not confine myself to the details here shewn and described, so long as the
peculiar character of either part of my Invention be retained. And I would
have it understood that what I claim is,-
First, the mode of constructing working combs with the teeth set at a
coarser guage at one end and finer at the other end, as above described.
Secondly, I claim the combining rotatory combs with curved or endless
combs when the rotatory combs each have movement towards their axis when
revolving, and at the time of combing the wool or hair.
And I claim the causing of rotatory working combs on an axis of motion to
work nearer at one end than at the other to a circular or endless comb with
which they are working, when the combs are filled by other means than by the
working or revolving combs.
And I also claim the combining two or more single combs in succession with
an endless comb b, such as above described.
And I also claim the so combining a curved or endless comb with a work-
ing comb that the swell or convexity of the comb produces an angular space

page_text: between it and the working comb, whereby the wool or hair will be first
worked at the ends, and progressively up to the head of the combs.
Thirdly, I claim the mode of arranging apparatus for lashing wool or hair
into and filling combs, as above described.
Fourthly, I claim the application of steam or hot water to heat rotatory
combs, when such combs have a movement towards the axis of motion during
their revolution, and when such combs are in the wool.
Fifthly, I claim the application of drawing rollers for drawing off wool or
hair from combs, each roller having an axis only at one end.
And, sixthly, I claim the combining of two or more axes, with fixed teeth or
combs, with an endless or curved moving comb.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Edmond Donisthorpe, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Second day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-three.