Improvements in Machinery for Mixing Varnishes and similar Liquids by Mechanical Means.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Apr., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 26th Jan., 1900-Accepted, 10th Mar., 1900
Improvements in Machinery for Mixing Varnishes and similar Liquids
by Mechanical Means.
We, THOMAS CRITCHLEY BARRACLOUGII, of No. 20, Bucklersbury, in the City
of London, E.C., and THOMAS TANNETT HEATON, of 33, The Greenway, Uxbridge,
in the County of Middlesex, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:--
Our invention relates to improvements in machinery for mixing varnishes
and similar liquids by mechanical means. The existing apparatus used for
this purpose consists generally of a wood cask or drum mounted on an axis and
provided with means for giving the cask or drum a rotary motion upon its axis.
In the periphery of the said cask or drum there is an aperture, through which
the ingredients to be mixed are inserted. When the cask or drum is charged
the opening is closed and the cask or drum made to revolve until the required
mixing has taken place. The contents are then drawn off through a tap provided
for the purpose.
In our invention we make the drum of metal, by preference iron or steel, and
barrel shaped as the bilge facilitates the emptying of the barrel. The inside
of the barrel has a smooth surface obtained by welding the parts together.
The barrel revolves on a hollow axis which is arranged with suitable means
for heating by steam, hot water or gas; preferably by steam, which when ad-
mitted into the hollow axis & duly regulated, produces a temperature within
the drum & which can be easily regulated according to the season of the year &
the nature of the ingredients. By this means the mixing of the same together
in the production of spirit varnish and similar liquids, is improved & expedited
and a regular and increased output obtained.
We provide means for admitting the steam or hot water into the hollow axis
in such a way that there is no waste. This is done by a gland with suitable
packing or other means, which permit of admission without interfering with
the rotary movement of the cask.
We provide means for draining away the condensed steam or water from the
hollow axis as desired. We provide also a suitable safety valve or valves to
prevent the heat & the steam pressure rising too high in the hollow axis and
also for preventing too great a heat or too high a pressure inside the body
through the expansion of the spirituous or other vapour arising from the ingre-
dients being mixed together. The hollow axis may be provided with an inlet
for the steam or hot water at one end, the opposite end being closed; or both
ends may be open to allow of the free circulation of steam or hot water through
the axis from one end to the other, so that the same steam may be used for a
series of casks or drums placed in lines. With this arrangement exhaust steam
from a steam engine can be utilized.
THOMAS CRITCHLEY BARRACLOUGH,
THOMAS TANNETT HEATON.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Mixing Varnishes and similar Liquids
by Mechanical Means.
We, THOMAS CRITCHLEY BARRACLOUGH, of 20, Bucklersbury, in the City of
London, E.C., Engineer, and THOMAS TANNETT HEATON, of 33, The Greenway,
Uxbridge, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
-
Our invention relates to improvements in machinery for mixing varnishes
and similar liquids by mechanical means. The existing apparatus used for
this purpose consists generally of a wood cask or drum mounted on an axis and
provided with means for giving the cask or drum a rotary motion upon its axis.
The rotation may be in one direction only or may be in either direction alter-
nately by means of any suitable reversing motion. In the periphery of the said
cask or drum there is an aperture through which the ingredients to be mixed
are inserted. When the cask or drum is charged the opening is closed and the
cask or drum made to revolve until the required mixing has taken place. In
our invention we make the drum of metal by preference iron or steel and barrel
shaped as the bilge facilitates the emptying of the barrel. The inside of the
barrel has a smooth surface obtained by welding the parts together.
The barrel revolves on a hollow axis which is arranged with suitable means
for heating by steam, hot water or gas; preferably by steam, which when ad-
mitted into the hollow axis and duly regulated produces a temperature within
the drum which can be easily regulated according to the season of the year and
the nature of the ingredients. By this means the mixing of the same together
in the production of spirit varnish and similar liquids is improved and expedited
and a regular and increased output obtained. We provide means for admitting
the steam or hot water into the hollow axis in such a way that there is no waste.
This is done by a gland with suitable packing or other means, which permit of
admission without interfering with the rotary movement of the cask.
We provide means for draining away the condensed steam or water from the
hollow axis as desired. We provide also a suitable safety valve or valves to
prevent the heat and the steam pressure rising too high in the hollow axis and
we may also provide a safety valve for preventing too great a heat or too high a
pressure inside the body through the expansion of the spirituous or other vapour
arising from the ingredients being mixed together. The hollow axis may be
provided with an inlet for steam or hot water at one end the opposite end being
closed; or both ends may be open to allow of the free circulation of steam or
hot water through the axis from one end to the other, so that the same steam
may be used for a series of casks or drums placed in lines. The accompanying
drawing shows the apparatus as we prefer to make it:-
Figure 1 is a front elevation.
Figure 2 is an end elevation from the driving end with driving pulleys and
steam admission-gear removed.
Figures 3 & 4 are sections showing details of the gland in the hollow axis
for preventing the escape of steam while allowing it to be admitted to the interior
of the revolving hollow axis from a stationary pipe.
In the drawing:
a, a, is the cask, shown of metal and with a curved contour or bilge.

page_text: a cover and central bolt for fixing the manhole cover.
61, 61, is the bolt referred to.
c, c1, c2, c3, c4, are the axis with chamber for steam or hot water. c, being
the driving shaft or axle; cl the chamber.
The driving shaft or axle is fitted into the end of the chamber c2 and keyed
or otherwise fixed to it.
The opposite end of the cask revolves on a supporting axle c3 and is fitted in
the same way to the end c4 of the chamber. c3 is shown solid but may be
hollow and fitted with a gland, if required, and like that of c. The two ends c 2, c 4,
are made as shown at c4 in section, viz:-projections on c2 & c4 are carried
into the chamber c, and well fitted so as to be steam tight. Bolts are used to
unite the two ends c2, c4 to the chamber. These are shown at c5, Fig. 2.
d, d 1, are the standards or bearings for supporting the cask.
e, el, are the fast and loose pulleys for the belt which makes the cask revolve.
Any other suitable driving gear may be used & means may be provided for driv-
ing in either direction.
f, f1, &c. show the gland allowing admission &c. of steam through the hollow
driving axle to the steam chamber.
f1, is a connecting tube which fits a hole bored up the hollow axle c.
f2, is a neck ring
f3, is the adjustable gland.
{
to hold the packing for preventing the escape
of steam, in the same way as in a steam engine
cylinder.
f, is a nut fitting on a screw thread on end of axle c and arranged so that by
turning it one way or the other, the gland f3 is made to tighten or release the
packing.
f4, is a screwed hole for the safety valve f 5,
f5. is a lever safety valve but may be a spring valve or any suitable type.
f6, is a stop valve for controlling the admission of steam or hot water.
f7, shows a pair of brackets for steadying the steam admission pipe.
g, is the steam admission pipe.
91, 92, are bolts used for nipping wood or metal blocks on to the pipe g, to
hold it firmly.
h, h, is a toothed rack fixed to the cask.
i, is a worm on worm shaft j, on which is the hand wheel k.
7, is a swing bearing in which the worm shaft is carried. It is keyed on the
axle 71.
m,
is a stop lever also keyed to axle 1 and engaging with a stud n with lock-
nut nl.
0, is a slot in standard d1 in which the stud n lies.
The stud n and locknut
1 are used to lock the swing bearing
worm i is in gear with rack h.
when the
When the locknut n 1 is loose the worm i drops by the weight of the apparatus
out of gear with the rack h.
When the worm i is thus out of gear the cask is free to revolve.
The object of the worm and rack is to enable the cask to be adjusted exactly
to the required position for filling or emptying.
P, P, is a boss, made in such a way that a tap may be screwed or otherwise
fixed in it for emptying the cask. A suitable plug is used for closing the tap
hole when the tap is not required.
9, 9, is a drain pipe for the steam chamber.
q1, is a cock to open or close the drain.
92, is a steadying clip to hold the drain pipe q.
93, is a screw removable to admit of cleaning the drain hole in the end c4 of
the steam chamber.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. In a cask or drum of metal the combination of a hollow axis, a pipe or
other inlet for the admission of steam or hot water into the said hollow axis,
a gland or other suitable apparatus for allowing the cask or drum to revolve,
while connecting the hollow axis with a stationary pipe or inlet admitting to
it steam or hot water without escape, a safety valve or valves, a steam or water
stop valve and suitable drainage arrangements to allow condensed steam or water
to be drawn from the hollow axis substantially as herein before described.
2. In a cask or drum of metal the combination of a hollow axis, a pipe or other
inlet for the admission of steam or hot water into the said hollow axis, a gland
or other suitable apparatus for allowing the cask or drum to revolve while con-
necting the hollow axis with a stationary pipe or inlet admitting to it steam or
hot water without escape, a safety valve or valves, a steam or hot water stop
valve and suitable drainage arrangements to allow condensed steam or water to
be drawn from the hollow axis with driving apparatus for producing a rotary or
revolving motion of the cask by pulleys and belting or other suitable means,
substantially as herein before described.
3. In a cask or drum of metal the combination of a hollow axis, a pipe or other
inlet for the admission of steam or hot water into the said hollow axis, a gland
or other suitable apparatus for allowing the cask or drum to revolve, while con-
necting the hollow axis with a stationary pipe or inlet admitting to it steam_or
hot water without escape, a safety valve or valves, a steam or water stop valve
and suitable drainage arrangements to allow condensed steam or water to be
drawn from the hollow axis a driving apparatus for producing a rotary or re-
volving motion of the cask by pulleys and belting or other suitable means with
any suitable reversing motion whereby the cask or drum may be made to revolve
in either direction as desired, alternately or otherwise substantially as herein-
before described.
4. In a cask or drum the combination of a hollow axis, a pipe or other inlet
for the admission of steam or hot water into the said hollow axis a gland or
other suitable apparatus for allowing the cask or drum to revolve, while connect-
ing the hollow axis with a stationary pipe or inlet admitting to it steam or hot
water without escape, a safety valve or valves, a steam or water stop valve and
suitable drainage arrangements to allow condensed steam or water to be drawn
from the hollow axis a driving apparatus for producing a rotary or revolving
motion of the cask by pulleys and belting or other suitable means, any suitable
reversing motion whereby the cask or drum may be made to revolve in either
direction as desired, alternately or otherwise with a rack, worm, hand wheel,
swing frame, locking lever, with stud working in a slot and locknut for holding
the cask firmly while at the same time allowing it to be adjusted to suit any
required position, substantially as herein before described.
5. The general combination and arrangement of parts herein before described
and represented in the accompanying drawing constituting an improved machine
for mixing varnish and other fluids.
Dated this Twenty fifth day of January 1900.
THOMAS CRITCHLEY BARRACLOUGH,
THOMAS TANNETT HEATON.