SADDLES FOR THE TOP ROLLS OF SPINNING MACHINES
Year: 1884

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION:
I, HORATIO LORIN PEIRCE, of Providence, County of Providence, State of
Rhode Island, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for
SADDLES FOR THE TOP ROLLS OF SPINNING MACHINES, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My Invention relates to an improvement in saddles for the top rolls of spinning
machines; and it consists in a saddle, which is made of a single piece of metal that
is bent so as to form a spring, and which has suitable bearing pieces applied to its
under side, all of which will be more fully described hereinafter.
The object of my Invention is to produce a saddle which is made of a single
metallic piece, so as to be quickly and easily adjusted, and which will exert a
greater pressure upon the front than the rear rolls, and which needs no lubrication."
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a saddle, and top rolls embodying my Invention.
Figure 2 is a perspective of the saddle alone.
A, represents the top rolls, B, the lower rolls, and C, the saddle. The saddle is
formed of a single piece of elastic metal, bent preferably as shown, so as to form
two bearing ends, one of which is made long enough to receive the two pieces of
raw hide D, and the other just long enough to receive a single piece E. Each end
of the saddle is provided with the end flanges R, between which the pieces of raw
hide are placed, and which pieces are held in place by means of suitable holding
pins. The longer end to which the two pieces of raw hide are attached, has a
Hange S, projecting downward, and which flange forms a division between the two
pieces of raw hide. A single pin is then forced through the outer flange, the outer
piece of raw hide, the division, and into the inner piece of raw hide, for the
purpose of holding them both in position. The end of the saddle which has
the two pieces of raw hide secured to it, rests upon the two front rolls, and the
shortened end, having only a single piece of the raw hide, rests upon the rear
one. In the top of this saddle are formed a number of notches in which the
stirrup G, catches, and which serve as guides in the adjustment of the stirrup.
The stirrup has its upper end to catch over the top of the saddle, in one of the
notches, and has its lower end to extend downward any suitable distance so that
the weighted lever I, can be passed through the slot in its lower end. Upon the
outer end of the lever, which has its fulcrum in the lower end of the stirrup, is

page_text: placed a suitable weight which may be adjusted back and forth, and thus regulate
the pressure of the saddle upon the rolls. I do not limit myself to to precise
construction of the stirrup, and the regulating lever as here shown, for they may
be varied at will without departing from the spirit of my Invention.
.
As a greater pressure is necessary for the front than the rear rolls, the direct
weight of the weighted lever and the stirrup comes upon the stirrup near its front
end, and thus exerts a much greater pressure at this point, than upon the rear one.
The front set of rolls run about five times as fast as the middle ones, and the
greatest weight is consequently required on the top roll, and this front set. The
rolls that receive the sliver, run the slowest and require less weight. The cotton
comes into the machine between the rolls, under the rear extension of the saddle
farthest removed from the notches or slots.
This saddle being made in a single piece does away with all necessity of any
parts to be adjusted, so that they will bear the right relation to each other, and
requires no further experience than to simply place the saddle in position. The
saddles heretofore used have been made in two pieces, and as they have to be often
taken off to clean the roll, they are liable to be improperly adjusted when they are
returned to position, and hence bad work results. Being made in two parts, and
being in a difficult place to get at, they may be dropped and the time of the
operator is lost; and the machine may be idle when it should be at work. The
saddle being in the form of a spring adapts itself to the rolls, and maintains a
proper degree of pressure on each, and conforms itself to the unevenness
inequality of the rolls if they should be out of true, which often happens. The
curve or arch in the spring stiffens it, and gives it the proper degree of pressure
upon the rear roll. This saddle may be applied to one, two, or more top rolls, and
is not confined to spinning frames proper, but is adapted to any drawing rolls.
or
Raw hide or other similar animal substance is used in connection with the saddle,
and which raw hide having oil in its substance, requires no other lubrication. The
use of oil is always damaging in connection with saddles. It is difficult to keep up
that uniform supply, and uniformity of action in the rolls, that is indispensable to
good work, a great damage to the work results when this uniformity is not
maintained; the size of the roving is made to vary, making irregular work; the
roving is broken, causing waste and the stoppage of the machine; the use of oil
also results in discoloring the sliver; and when the oil gets in the roving, fibres
adhere to the rolls, causing waste and irregular pressure by widening the size of
the rolls and necessitating the stoppage of the machine, and the removal of the roll
to clean it. Raw hide works uniformly without any oil or lubrication whatever,
beyond what it contains in itself. Lubricating oil also loosens and dissolves the
cement by which the leather covering is secured to the frame, softens the leather,
makes it stretchy, and causes it to wrinkle, and necessitates the covering of the roll.
Instead of fastening the raw hide in place by means of pins, flanges may be slightly
punched or bent inward upon the raw hide, in any suitable manner so as to hold
the raw hide in place. Either the punching of the metal, or the pins may be used,
as may be preferred.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1
1. A saddle for the top rolls of spinning machines, which is formed from a single
piece of material which is bent so as to form a spring, substantially as shown.
2. A saddle for the top rolls of spinning machines, formed from a single piece of
elastic material which is bent so as to form a spring, and which has a bearing piece
attached to each of its ends, substantially as shown and described.
3. A saddle formed from a single piece of metal, and bent so as to have its ends
separated a suitable distance from each other, and a suitable bearing attached to
each end, substantially as set forth.
4. In a saddle, the combination of a single piece of metal, which is bent as
shown, so as to form a spring, with pieces of raw hide which are attached to the
ends of the spring, substantially as specified.

page_text: 5. A saddle for the top rolls of spinning machines, formed from a single piece of
metal and provided with the end pieces or flanges R, upon each end, and the
division S, in combination with the pieces of raw hide, and the pins which hold the
pieces of raw hide in place, substantially as specified.