Improvements in or connected with Machines for Sizing Yarns and Threads.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd May, 1898
Complete Specification Left, 16th Feb., 1899-Accepted, 22nd Apr., 1899
WHAT I MULTICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Machines for Sizing Yarns and
Threads.
I, HENRY TETLOW, of Varley Street, Miles Platting, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Heald and Wire Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My said invention relates to improvements in, or connected with, sizing machines,
for sizing yarns or threads of fibrous material, as is well understood.
In such machines it is essential that the size should be maintained at a definite
consistency and temperature and means have to be employed to agitate the size and
supply heat to the same.
Under present practice steam is employed
injected into the size through perforated pipes.
for this purpose, the steam being
The disadvantage of this method lies
in the fact that when so much steam is used, the steam coming into contact with the
size becomes condensed, thus affecting the consistency of the size.
The object of my invention is to overcome this disadvantage which I effect by
employing air under pressure to agitate the size.
In carrying my invention into effect I provide the receptacle containing the
size with suitably perforated pipes, any convenient number of such pipes being
employed.
The perforated pipes are in communication with a suitably operated pump or
pumps or with a vessel containing air under pressure.
Stop cocks may be provided in connection with each air pipe to regulate the
delivery of air.
I
The air may be ejected into the size at atmospheric temperature, and the size
maintained at a proper temperature by means of perforated steam pipes as before, or
by steam heated pipes, or by heating the receptacle in any convenient manner.
may however heat the size by means of the compressed air, which could be heated
and injected into the size at a sufficient temperature.
Under my invention it will be noted that the air pressure is not subject to the
disadvantages of steam, as it serves to agitate the size without affecting its
consistency, and may when desired be utilized to maintain the size at a definite
temperature.

page_text: Improvements in or connected with Machines for Sizing Yarns and
Threads.
I, HENRY TETLOW, of Varley Street, Miles Platting, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Heald and Wire Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings
My said invention relates to improvements in, or connected with, sizing machines,
for sizing yarns or threads of fibrous material, as is well understood.
In such machines it is essential that the size should be agitated and maintained at
a definite consistency and temperature, and means have to be employed 'to agitate
the size and supply heat to the same.
Under present practice steam is employed for this purpose, the steam being injected
into the size through perforated pipes. The disadvantage of this method lies in the
fact that when so much steam is used, the steam coming into contact with the size
becomes condensed, thus affecting the consistency of the size.
Moreover impurities contained in the steam or water of condensation are imparted
to the size thus affecting the quality.
The object of my invention is to overcome these disadvantages which I effect by
employing air under pressure to agitate the size.
The accompanying diagrams illustrate a method whereby my invention may be
carried into effect.
The means employed may however be varied by any skilled mechanic so as to meet
varying conditions and requirements. I therefore wish it to be understood that I do
not confine myself to the method shown.
Fig. 1 represents a portion of a sizing machine fitted with my invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan of same.
Το carry my invention into effect I employ any suitable pump or air compressor A
by means of which air can be compressed for delivery to the size box. For instance
where several sizing machines are in use one air compressor alone could be used of
sufficient power to supply the requisite quantity of compressed air, or a separate air
compressor could be employed for each sizing machine. The air is delivered under a
pressure of about from 20 to 30 lbs. to the square inch. I may utilize the usual
perforated steam pipes at present in use in conjunction with the size box and conduct,
the compressed air to the steam pipes by a suitable pipe governed by a stop cock or
valve. When commencing work the size may if necessary be heated by means of the
steam in the usual manner, the compressed air being shut off. When the requisite
temperature of the size has been attained the steam is shut off, or
so much steam only is admitted as
temperature.
will maintain the size at a suitable
Compressed air is then admitted which effectually agitates the size.
Instead of this arrangement in which the compressed air is used only to agitate
the size I may heat the size and maintain the temperature by heating the compressed
air before delivering it into the size box.
The method whereby this is effected is shown in the accompanying diagrams.
The pump or air compressor A delivers the air under pressure to the size boxes BC
through pipes a a governed by valves a¹ a¹. I prefer to first conduct the air from
the pump to a suitable reservoir G from whence it passes at an even pressure to the
size boxes. The pipes a a, pass through a heating vessel or calorifier D
by means of which the temperature of the air is raised to from about 170 to 250
degrees Fahr.

page_text: This is effected by means of live steam being conducted to the heating chamber D
through the pipe b, or any other convenient and well known means of heating the air
may be employed. The air pipes a a are perforated as shown in the plan view. In
addition to the air pipes a a I might also provide the sow boxes B C with the usual
perforated steam pipes c c provided with stop cocks c¹ c¹.
These steam pipes c c are in communication with the steam supply of the heating
chamber D so that in case of failure of the air supply or for any other reason, by
operating the stop cocks c¹ c¹ steam may be injected into the size at any time so as to
agitate and heat the size..
The working of the machine is therefore not interfered with by the cutting off of
the air supply.
Or I might inject the air into the size at atmospheric temperature, and heat the
size by means of the pipes c c which in this case would not be perforated. Or the air
may be heated and if necessary the steam heated pipes be used in conjunction there-
with to obtain the necessary temperature of the size.
I utilize the steam after it has passed through the heating chamber D to heat the
cylinders E Fa suitable reducing valved being employed to reduce the pressure as
customary.
It must be noted that as the gist and essence of my invention is the employment of
compressed air to agitate and heat the size, the means whereby the compressed air is
obtained and delivered to the size are unimportant and may be readily varied, as any
skilled mechanic could without difficulty carry my invention into effect:
The compressed air may be passed through a strainer or filter to purify it.
Under my invention the compressed air is not subject to the disadvantages of steam
as it serves to agitate the size without reducing its consistency which is the cause of
light weight in cloth and the air further serves when heated to maintain the size at a
definite temperature.
My invention is also applicable to the mixing vats used when making the size for
the sizing machine, the compressed air being introduced into the vats so as to
effectually agitate the size during the course of manufacture. The compressed air may
be used as a substitute for or in conjunction with the usual agitators employed with the
mixing vats. The compressed air may be heater to assist in the boiling of the size,
and used at atmospheric temperature at from 15 to 50 lbs. to the square inch to agitate
the size when heat is not required.
An additional advantage in the use of compressed air for this purpose is that the
currents of air tend to accelerate the fermentation in the size and "condition" it in a
shorter time.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1) Agitating the size used for sizing yarns, threads and the like by means of
compressed air in the manner and substantially as described.
2) The use or employment of heated air for agitating the size of sizing machines
and heating it to the required temperature, the heated air being injected into the size
under pressure substantially as described.
3000