Improvements in Machines for Turning or Shaping Reels or Bobbins.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Mar., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 7th Dec., 1896-Accepted, 16th Jan., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Turning or Shaping Reels or
Bobbins.
I, JAMES BALDERSTON, Manager Anchor Thread Mills, Paisley, Renfrewshire,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention which relates to machines for turning or shaping reels or bobbins,
has for its objects (1) to prevent jamming or chocking of the cutting tools and
firing of the wooden reel blank when the latter does not fit the rotating mandrel or
spindle on to which it is automatically fed and (2) to lessen the power required to
drive the machine and thereby permit of the employment of boys instead of men
as attendants on such machines."
In machines of this class the tool holders are commonly retracted by means of
direct acting cams against the power of springs or weights which feed forward the
tools to their work, the use of positive cams acting to feed forward the tool holders
being regarded as impracticable inasmuch as the cutting tools would be liable to
damage in the event of jamming against the reel blank. The use of strong springs
to feed forward the tool holders however involves considerable expenditure of
power in turning the cams which retract the tool holders, and when the cam shaft
has to be operated by hand in setting the tools or adjusting other parts of the
machine a boy or lad cannot undertake the work without assistance and furthermore
when the cams have turned. past their dead centres the springs are apt to draw
forward the tools suddenly and injure the attendant.
According to my invention these difficulties are obviated by employing positive
acting cams to operate the tool holders positively both for feeding and retracting
them, and interposing a spring or springs between each tool holder and the cam or
in the length of the rod connecting each tool holder to its operating cam, in
conjunction with a long slot and bolt or pin connecting the parts so that in the
event of jamming the rotating parts of the machine may make a complete revolution
in the usual way and free the jammed reel.
In machines of the type referred to in the Specification of Letters Patent
No. 23972 of 1893 in which the cam shaft is placed transversely of the line of
traverse of the tool holders on their slide guides disc cams are preferably used
having cam grooves in which are fitted pins or rollers on the ends of the connecting
rods whose opposite ends instead of being directly attached to the tool holders are
each connected to a bracket piece which is free to slide on the tool holder and. is
attached thereto. by a pin or bolt passing through a slot to permit of the sliding
movement. A helical or other spring preferably coiled around the end of the
connecting rod is interposed between the bracket piece and a fixed part of the tool
holder and in the operation of the machine the tool holders are driven from the
canis through the springs which are made of such strength that whilst they
transmit the movement to the tool holders in ordinary working conditions as if they
were rigid, they yield upon jamming or blocking of the cutting tools against any
reel blank which may be improperly presented for the cutting operation. The
tension or compression of the springs is adjusted by means of screw nuts on the
connecting rod or by other means. The extent of movement of the tool holders is
limited by the usual adjustable stops and in the event of inequality or irregularity
of the cams due to wear or otherwise the tool holders are not. fed forward too far

page_text: but any movement in excess of what is required is taken up or absorbed by the
spring.
Instead of being connected to brackets sliding on the tool holders the connecting
rods from the cams may be fitted to pass through guide eyes in the tool holders or
in brackets fixed to them, the springs being interposed between flanges on the
brackets or other fixed parts of the tool holders and adjustable jam nuts on the
connecting rods.
In machines in which the cam shafts arè parallel with the line of movement of
the tool holders and in which scrol! cams are employed I make the cam for
operating each tool holder in two parts, one stationary or rigidly fixed to the cam
shaft and the other free to slide longitudinally on a key and feather on the shaft.
The loose part of the cam is maintained in its normal position by means of a
helical or other spring coiled around the cam shaft, so as to form with the fixed
part a cam groove wherein is fitted the pin or roller on the rod connected to the
tool holder. Upon the jamming or blocking of the cutting tools the spring
pressed part of the cam yields and forward feeding of the tools being stopped they
are not liable to be injured or to fire the reel blank.
In the arrangements described the springs merely act as escapements in the case
of jamming and their tension or compression has not to be overcome in effecting
the retraction or return stroke of the tool holder as has been the case heretofore,
and consequently much less power is absorbed in driving the improved machine.
Dated this 5th day of March 1896.
WALLACE FAIRWEATHER,
Chartered Patent Agent,
2 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agent for the Applicant
Improvements in Machines for Turning or Shaping Reels or
Bobbins..
I, JAMES BALDERSTON, Manager Anchor Thread Mills, Paisley, Renfrewshire,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what, manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention which relates to machines for turning or shaping reels or bobbins,
has for its objects (1) to prevent jamming or chocking of the cutting tools and
.firing of the wooden reel blank when the latter does not fit the rotating mandrel or
spindle on to which it is automatically fed and (2) to lessen the power required to
drive the machine and thereby permit of the employment of boys instead of men
as attendants on such machines.
In machines of this class the tool holders are commonly retracted by means of
direct acting cams against the power of springs or weights which feed forward the
tools to their work, the use of positive cams acting to feed forward the tool holders
being regarded as impracticable inasmuch as the cutting tools would be liable to
damage in the event of jamming against the reel blank. The use of strong springs
to feed forward the tool holders however involves considerable expenditure of
power in turning the cams which retract the tool holders, and when the cam shaft
has to be operated by hand in setting the tools or adjusting other parts of the
machine a boy or lad cannot undertake the work without assistance and furthermore
when the cams have turned past their dead centres the springs are apt to draw
forward the tools suddenly and injure the attendant.
According to my invention these difficulties are obviated by employing positive

page_text: acting cams to operate the tool holders positively both for feeding and retracting
them, and interposing a spring or springs between each tool holder and the can, or
in the length of the rod connecting each tool holder to its operating, cam, in
conjunction with a long, slot, and bolt or pin connecting the parts so that in the
event of jamming the rotating parts of the machine, may make a complete
revolution in the usual way and free the jammed reel.
The invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 of which
is a transverse vertical section and Figure 2 a plan of a reel or bobbin shaping.
machine to which the improvements are applie 1, and Figures 3 and 4 are similar
views of a modified arrangement of the improvements. Figures 5 and 6 are views
of details hereinafter referred to..
In machines of the type referred to in the Specification of Letters Patent
No. 23972 of 1893 in which the cam shaft is placed transversely of the line of
traverse of the tool holders on their slide guides, disc cams A, A', are preferably
used as shown by Figs. 1 and 2, having cam grooves in which are fitted pins or
rollers B, B', on the ends of the connecting rods C, C, whose opposite ends instead
of being directly attached to the tool holders D, D¹, are connected to bracket
picces E, F, which are free to slide on the tool holders D, D', and are attached
thereto by pins or bolts G passing either through a slot .E' as shown in the
bracket piece E or through a slot D in the tool holder D' to permit of the sliding
movement. A helical or other spring H, H', is coiled around the end of the
connecting rod as on the connecting rod C' or interposed between the bracket
piece E and a fixed part of the tool holder D; and in the operation of the machine
the tool holders D, D', are driven from the cains A, A', through the springs H, H',
which are made of such strength that whilst they transmit the movement to the tool
holders D, D', in ordinary working conditions as if the connections were rigid, they
yield upon jamming or blocking of the cutting tools against any reel blank which
may be. improperly presented for the cutting. operation. The tension or com-
pression of the springs H, H', 'is adjusted by means of screw nuts I as on the
connecting rod Cor by other means. The extent of movement of the tool
holders D, D', is limited by the usual adjustable stops J and in the event of
inequality or irregularity of the cams due to wear or otherwise the tool holders D, D',
are not fed forward too far but any movement in excess of what is required is
taken up or absorbed by the springs H, H¹.
Instead of being connected to a bracket sliding on the tool holder D the connecting
rod C from the cam A may as shown at Figures 3 and 4 be fitted to pass through
a guide eye in the tool holder D or through a guide eye K in a bracket K' fixed
to the tool holder D, the spring H' being interposed between a flange K2 on the
bracket K or other fixed part of the tool holder D and adjustable jam nuts L
on the connecting rods C.
In machines in which the cam shafts are parallel with the line of movement of
the tool holders and in which scroll cams such as shown at Figures 5 and 6 are
employed I make the cam for operating each tool holder in two parts, one M
stationary or rigidly fixed to the cam shaft N and the other M' free to slide
longitudinally on a key or feather on the shaft N. The loose part M¹ of the cam
is maintained in its normal position by means of a helical or other spring O coiled
around the cam shaft N, as shown at Fig. 5 or as shown at Fig. 6 connected to
projections formed on the parts of the cam the sliding portion M' of the cam being
arranged so as to form with the fixed part M a cam groove P wherein is fitted the
pin or roller on the rod connected to the tool holder. Upon the jamming or
blocking of the cutting tools the spring pressed part of the cam yields and forward
feeding of the tools being stopped they are not liable to be injured or to fire the
reel blank.
In the arrangements described the springs merely act as escapements in the case
of jamming and their tension or compression has not to be overcome in effecting the
retraction or return stroke of the tool holder as has been the case heretofore,
and consequently much less power is absorbed in driving the improved machine.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained my nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In machines for turning or shaping reels or bobbins the employment in
combination with the tool holders and positive acting cams for operating them, of
an escapement spring or springs interposed between each tool holder and its
operating cam substantially as and for the purpose set forth.;
2. In machines for turning or shaping reels or bobbins the arrangement in
combination of positive acting cams for operating the tool holders, rods connecting
them to brackets free to slide on the tool holders and escapement springs
interposed between the sliding brackets and the tool holders substantially as
-described.
3. In machines for turning or shaping reels .or bobbins the arrangement in
-combination of positive acting cams for operating the tool holders and rods
connecting them to the tool holders through the intervention of escapement springs
substantially as described.
4. In machines for turning or shaping reels or bobbins in which the tool holders
are operated by scroll cams, forming the operating cams in separable or fixed
and yielding parts held together by escapement springs substantially as described.
Dated this 5th day of December 1896.
WALLACE FAIRWEATHER,
Of the Firm of Cruikshank & Fairweather,
Chartered Patent Agents,
62 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agent for the Applicant..
WALLACE FAIRWEATHER,
Of the Firm of Cruikshank & Fairweather,
Chartered Patent Agents,
62 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agent for the Applicant..