Improvements in Machines for Planing or Shaping Metals.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Mar., 1887
Complete Left, 28th Dec., 1887
Complete Accepted, 17th Feb., 1888
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Planing or Shaping Metals.
I WILLIAM WILSON HULSE of the Ordsal Works, Salford, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
When a vertical slide bed is employed along which a tool slide can be traversed to
and fro for planing vertically, and which is itself carried by two horizontal slide beds
along which it can be traversed to and fro for planing horizontally, the lower of these
two horizontal slide beds is additionally strengthened by being enlarged on its upper
or its lower side or on both these sides. Sometimes the upper slide bed also may
the similarly strengthened. This additional strength enables the cutting operations
(which frequently produce cross strains) to be performed with increased steadiness
and in some cases renders unnecessary the bolting together of the two slide beds. The
cutting feed mechanism (which is automatic) is actuated by an independent driving
belt, which is set into operation simultaneously with the reversal of the machine's
action at the end of each cutting stroke. During each return (or noncutting) stroke
of the machine the feed mechanism is put out of operation at any desired point of the
stroke, by means of an adjustable reciprocating stop whose movement in one direction
is started and suspended simultaneously with that of the cutting feed mechanism.
The movement of the stop in the other direction is started simultaneously with the
reversal of the machine's action at the end of each noncutting stroke and is suspended
at the required point during the continuance of each consequent cutting stroke-
In order to ensure promptness and certainty in the reversing action a spring or weight
is employed in such a manner as to assist in completing the movement of the belt
shifting bar required for producing each reversal of the machine's action.-For
shaping metals a reciprocating horizontal slide moving in guides on the body of the
machine is employed actuated by a crank and connecting rod action (the crank having
an adjustable "throw" to suit the length of stroke required), the body of the machine
may be made of box form in a single piece and be so designed as to allow long lengths
of rails or bars to be placed upon the machine for the purpose of being cut crosswise
or obliquely.-The connecting rod which actuates the horizontal slide is coupled to an

page_text: arm keyed upon the saine shaft with a slotted arm which is connected with and is
made to work reciprocatorily by the adjustable "throw" crank so as to have a slow
forward and a quick return movement. The crank may be driven either through
single or compound gearing-For long strokes the horizontal slide may be traversed
to and fro by a screw and nut arrangement combined with suitable reversing
mechanism. The work is secured upon a table carried by the body of the machine,
and this table consists of a transverse and a longitudinal slide surmounted by rotatory
top formed with T grooves for enabling the work to be secured to it-This arrange-
ment of table permits of the work being accurately adjusted to any required position
either angularly, longitudinally or transversely after it has been secured upon the
table. The horizontal cutting feed is applied by traversing the table transversely,
and mechanism is provided for doing this automatically from one of the shafts in the.
driving gear of the machine. The automatic mechanism can be put out of action at
will and the cutting feed traverse be applied by hand. The vertical cutting feed is
effected by the movement of a freely sliding rod carried by the reciprocating hori-
zontal slide and provided with adjustable stops which come in contact with a fixed
pillow and guide attached to the main frame.
This bar is connected to ratchet mechanism applied to a vertical slide and screw of
the tool-holder.
TALES-RMAL
L
1002

page_text: improvements in Machines for Planing or Shaping Metals.
I WILLIAM WILSON HULSE, of the Ordsal Works Salford in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
When a vertical slide bed is employed along which a tool slide can be traversed to
and fro for planing vertically, and which is itself carried by two horizontal slide beds
along which it can be traversed to and fro for planing horizontally the lower of these
two horizontal slide beds is additionally strengthened by being enlarged on its upper
or its lower side or on both these sides. Some times the upper slide bed also may be
similarly strengthened. This additional strength enables the cutting operations (which
frequently produce cross strains) to be performed with increased steadiness and in
some cases renders unnecessary the bolting together of the two slide beds. The
cutting feed machanism (which is automatic) is actuated by an independent driving
belt, which is set into operation simultaneously with the reversal of the machine's
action at the end of each cutting stroke. During each return (or non-cutting) stroke
of the machine the feed mechanism is put out of operation at any desired point of the
stroke by means of an adjustable reciprocating stop whose movement in one direction
is started and suspended simultaneously with that of the cutting feed mechanism. The
movement of the stop in the other direction is started simultaneously with the reversal
of the machine's action at the end of each non cutting stroke and is suspended at the
required point during the continuance of each consequent cutting stroke. In order
to ensure promptness and certainty in the reversing action a spring or weight is
employed in such a manner as to assist in completing the movement of the belt
shifting bar required for producing each reversal of the Machine's action.
For shaping metals a reciprocating horizontal slide moving in guides on the body
of the machine is employed actuated by a crank and connecting rod action (the crank
having an adjustable "throw "to suit the length of stroke required) the body of the
machine may be made of box form in a single piece and be so designed as to allow
long lengths of rails or bars to be placed upon the machine for the purpose of being
cut crosswise or obliquely. The connecting rod which actuates the horizontal slide is
coupled to an arm keyed upon the same shaft with a slotted arm which is connected
with and is made to work reciprocatorily by the adjustable "throw" crank so as to
have a slow forward and a quick return movement. The crank may be driven either
through single or compound gearing. For long strokes the horizontal slide may be
traversed to and fro by a screw and nut arrangement combined with suitable reversing
mechanism. The work is secured upon a Table carried by the body of the Machine,
and this table consists of a transverse and a longitudinal slide surmounted by rotary
top formed with T grooves for enabling the work to be secured to it. This arrange-
ment of table permits of the work being accurately adjusted to any required position
either angularly, longitudinally, or transversely after it has been secured upon the

page_text: .
Table. The horizontal cutting feed is applied by traversing the table transversely and
mechanism is provided for doing this automatically from one of the shafts in the
driving gear of the machine. The automatic mechanism can be put out of action at
will and the cutting feed traverse be applied by hand. The vertical cutting feed is
effected by the movement of a freely sliding rod carried by the reciprocating hori-
zontal slide and provided with adjustable stops which come in contact with a fixed
pillow and guide attached to the main fraine-This bar is connected to ratchet
mechanism applied to a vertical slide and screw of the tool holder.
In the accompanying drawings Fig. A. is a front elevation and Fig. B an end
elevation of a machine (constructed in accordance with the present improvements)
having a vertical slide bed along which a tool slide can be traversed to and fro for
planing vertically, and which is itself carried by two horizontal slide beds along which
it can be traversed to and fro for planing horizontally. Fig. C and D. are detached
front and end views respectively of the lower of the two horizontal slide beds, which
is additionally strengthened by an enlargement 1 on its under side. A similar
enlargement may be provided on the upper side of this slide bed, and when necessary
the upper slide bed may be strengthened by such enlargements. Figs. E. F. G. H
are respectively a front view, a plan, an end view and a back view on an enlarged
scale showing details of the driving, cutting feed and reversing mechanism. 2 is the
vertical slide bed, 3 is the upper and 4 the lower horizontal slide bed; and 5, 6 two
uprights to which 3 and 4 are secured. 7 is a T grooved table (for holding the
work) also secured to the uprights 5, 6. 8 is a loose pulley for the driving belt
and 9, 10 two fast driving pulleys through which, and through the trains of wheels
shown, a bevel wheel 11 is driven first in one direction and then in the other according
as the belt is operating upon one or other of the fast pulleys 9, 10. The bevel
wheel 11 drives a clutch bevel wheel 12 mounted loose on an upright shaft 13. 14 is
a horizontal shaft driven through a bevel wheel 15, mounted upon it, which can be
put in or out of gear with 12. In the drawings these two wheels are shown out of
gear with each other. The shaft 13 is driven through a clutch 16 which can be put
in or out of gear with the clutch bevel wheel 12. In the drawings it is shewn out of
gear. When the bevel wheel 15 is in gear with the clutch bevel wheel 12, the clutch 16
is kept out of gear with it, and vice versa. 17 is the tool slide which is traversed up
and down along the vertical slide bed 2 by a screw 18, actuated from shaft 14 through
bevel wheels as shown in Fig. A. The vertical slide bed 2 is traversed to and fro
along the horizontal slide beds 3, 4 by twin horizontal screws 19, 20, operated from
the vertical shaft 13 through two respective pairs of bevel wheels as shewn in Figs. A
and B. Thus it will be seen that for planing vertically the bevel wheels 12, 15
require to be put in gear with each other, the feed traverse being imparted through
the screws 19, 20; and that for planing horizontally the clutch 16 must be put in
gear with the bevel wheel 12, the feed traverse being imparted through the screw 18.
The shifting of the driving belt for reversing the action of the machine at the end of
each stroke of the machine is effected through an oscillating shaft 21 which is actuated
in a well known manner by means of adjustable stops, and which operates the belt
shifter through mechanism as shown in the drawings. In this mechanism is a lever 22
provided with a handle as shewn for shifting the driving belt by hand. The lever 22
is carried upon a shaft 47 having upon another lever 48 which is acted upon by a
spring plunger mounted in a trunnion block as shown in Figs. E. F. so as to insure
prompiness and certainty in the action of the belt shifting mechanism. The spring
plunger is shewn in Fig. E in its extreme upward position, although the belt shifting
bar is shown in mid travel and in reading the drawings regard must be had to this
inconsistency. The cutting feed mechanism is driven by an independent belt through
a pulley 23 keyed upon a shaft 24. Mounted loose upon this shaft are the clutch
bevel wheels 25, 26, the worm 30 the disc 31 the ratchet wheel 27, and bevel wheel 28;
of these parts 26, 30 and 31 are secured together in one group and 27, 28 in another.
Keyed upon the same shaft is a sliding coupling 29 which can be put in gear with
either of the bevel wheels 25, 26. The disc 31 carries a pawl gearing into the ratchet
wheel 27 and operating it only during the return strokes of the machine. 32 is a

page_text: bevel wheel connecting 25 and 26. By this arrangement the shaft 24 can be driven
in either direction or its motion can be suspended according as the clutch 29 is in
gear with one or other of the bevel wheels 25, 26, or is out of gear with both of them.
The bevel wheel 28 drives a bevel wheel 33 on one end of a shaft 34 at the other end
of which is a revolving crank disc 35 having T slots in its face for the attachment of
an adjustable throw crank pin as shewn in Fig. A. This crank pin drives two
connecting rods (as shewn in the same figure) actuating respectively the ratchet
wheels 36, 37 through pawl mechanism as shewn, which can be put in or out of gear
as required. These ratchet wheels (only one of which is in gear at a time) impart
rotation to shafts 13 and 14 respectively through bevel wheels as shewn, for cominu-
nicating feed traverse to the vertical slide bed 2, and tool slide 17 respectively. The
worm 30 drives a disc 38 backwards and forwards through a worn wheel and shaft
shown in Fig. H. In the face of this disc is a circular slot as shown, and in it is
secured the adjustable reciprocating stop 39 whose movement in the direction corre-
sponding to the noncutting or return stroke of the machine is started and suspended
simultaneously with that of the cutting feed mechanism as hereinafter described.
40 is an oscillating shaft for actuating the clutch 29 through a fork 41 shown in
Fig. G, and it is oscillated alternately by levers 42, 43. The lever 42 is actuated by
stop 39 and by a second adjustable stop 44 (secured in the same slot with 39)
alternately and lever 43 is actuated by two spring stops 45, 46 secured to the
shifting bar of the main driving belt. A spring catch as shewn in Fig. H is provided
under the heel of lever 43 for preventing the clutch 29 from moving into gear with
the bevel wheels 25, 26 accidentally. Assuming that the machine has been put into
action and that a cutting or forward stroke is on the point of being completed, the
clutch 29 will be in mid position and the disc 38 and the cutting feed mechanism will
be at rest, though the pulley 23 and clutch 29 will be rotating continuously. The
stop 44 will be close to or in contact with the lever 42 and the stop 39 will be at a
distance from this lever corresponding to the width of cutting feed required. One or
other of the ratchet wheels 36, 37 will be in gear with its pawl according as the
machine is planing vertically or horizontally. On completion of the stroke the
action of the machine is reversed by the belt shifter being moved from right to left
(in the drawings it is shewn at mid travel) and the spring stop 46 comes in contact
with and actuates the lever 43 so as to throw the clutch 29 in gear with the bevel
wheel 26. The return stroke of the machine then commences and simultaneously
with this (through mechanism already described) the disc 38 with its stops 39, 44
rotates in the direction shewn by the arrow in Fig. H. and the cutting feed mechanism
traverses either the vertical slide bed 2 on the horizontal slide beds 3, 4 or the tool
slide 17 on the vertical slide bed, according as the machine is planing vertically or hori-
zontally-As soon as the required width of cutting feed has been applied, the stop 39
comes in contact with the lever 42 and throws the clutch 29 out of gear with the
bevel wheel 26, whereupon the action of the cutting feed mechanism and of the
disc 31 is arrested. The width of cutting feed applied depends upon the number of
revolutions made by the crank disc 35 and upon the length of "throw" of the crank
pin; and the number of revolutions of the crank disc depends upon the position at
which the stop 39 is adjusted on the disc 38. When the action of the machine is
reversed at the end of the return stroke, the spring stop 45 comes in contact with
the lever 43 and throws the clutch 29 in gear with the bevel wheel 25, whereupon
the disc 38 rotates in the opposite direction to that shewn by the arrow in Fig. H
and continues rotating until the stop 44 comes in contact with the lever 42 and throws
the clutch 29 out of gear with the bevel wheel 25. Meanwhile the disc 31 has been
rotating in the direction contrary to that required for putting on the cutting feed and
the pawl mounted upon it has been chattering over the teeth of the ratchet
wheel 27. The parts of the machine are now in position for a repetition of the cycle
of operations described.
Fig. K. is a side elevation, Fig. L a plan and Fig. M a front elevation of a machine
for shaping metals constructed in accordance with the present improvements. 60 is
the body of the machine made in one piece of box type and formed as shewn in

page_text: Figs. K. L. so as to allow long lengths of rails or bars to be placed upon the machine
for the purpose of being cut crosswise or obliquely; 61 is the reciprocating horizontal
slide moving in guides which form a box of rectangular section on the body of the
machine. 62 is a crank disc having a crank pin of adjustable "throw" which takes
into a slide block in the slotted arm 63, which thus has a slow forward and quick
return oscillating movement imparted to it. 64 is the arm (on the same shaft with 63)
to which is coupled the connecting rod 65 which actuates the reciprocating slide 61.
The crank disc 62 is driven through compound gearing as shown. The table to which
the work is secured, is carried as shewn on the body of the machine, and consists of
transverse and longitudinal slides surmounted by a rotary top formed with Ṭ grooves-
The table is traversed transversely for applying automatic cutting feed horizontally
by means of lever and ratchet and pawl mechanism operated by a cam on one of the
shafts of the driving gear as shewn. For applying automatic cutting feed vertically
a sliding rod 66 is connected to ratchet and pawl mechanism on the screw of the tool
slide as shewn. This rod is free to slide to and fro with the horizontal slide in a
guide 67 attached to the body of the machine except when prevented from doing
so by the action of two adjustable stops upon it as shewn, one at either side of the
guide. These stops come in contact alternately with the guide, thus arresting the
motion of the rod during a part of each stroke of the horizontal slide, and operating
the tool slide through the ratchet and pawl mechanism.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. In planing machines of the type shewn in Figs. A and B the employment of
enlargements on the upper or under side or on both these sides of either or both of
the two horizontal slide beds substantially as shewn and described and for the purpose
specified.
2. In such planing machines driving the cutting feed mechanism by an independent
driving belt substantially as shewn and described.
3. In such planing machines the employment of cutting feed mechanism substantially
as shewn and described.
4. The general arrangement of such planing machines substantially as shewn and
described.
5. In a shaping machine the construction of the body of the machine substantially
as shewn and described and for the purposes specified.
6. The general arrangement of a shaping machine substantially as shewn and
described.
Dated this 27th day of December 1887.
TTX7
T
2 CA
Agent for Applicant.