Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Filtering Liquids.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Mar., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 5th Dec., 1895-Accepted, 18th Jan., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by ANDERS ANDERSON PINDSTOFTE, of 66A,
Vesterbrogade, Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark, Manufacturer.]
Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Filtering
Liquids.
1, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co. Patent
Agents, 45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to apparatus for filtering liquids.
In the filtering apparatus heretofore used the filtration is chiefly effected by the
liquid passing in the vertical direction through the filter and leaving through the
bottom of the same. In most cases this gives rise to considerable inconvenience,
inasmuch as the sediment collecting at the bottom of the filter gradually renders
the filtration more and more difficult so that it cannot take place in a regular and
uniform manner. These inconveniences are obviated by the employment of vertical
filtering walls, because the liquid will not have to pass through the sediment
collected at the bottom of the filtering apparatus, but through the filter alone, so
that the filtration can always take place at a uniforın pressure and with complete
regularity.
The present invention comprises vertical filters, which may for example possess
double walls of fine wire, between which the filtering materials (sand or the like)
are placed, and through which the filtration will then take place in the horizontal
direction.
Moreover the said invention comprises a filtering apparatus having such vertical
filters.
This apparatus has a cylindrical or polygonal receptacle provided with a casing
firmly secured thereon by bolts and nuts.
At the bottom of the receptacle are arranged an admission pipe and a discharge
pipe, both furnished with cocks, together with a tap. The said casing has at its
top a glass cover provided with a cock, and has also a cock on one side. The filter
consists of a cylindrical or polygonal plate formed with a central opening and
secured by a screw-threaded tubular piece in the discharge pipe. The plate
constitutes a support for the two filtering walls consisting of wires or pervious
material, between which the filtering material, for instance sand, is held; the inner
filtering wall is somewhat lower than the outer wall and is furnished at the top with
a cover. Between the bottom plate, the inner filtering wall and the said cover is
thus formed a chamber containing a tube which is inserted below into the aforesaid
tubular piece and carries a bridge piece having a screw thread with which engages
a screw passing through a socket on the said cover. An air pipe furnished at its
lower end with a cock is inserted from below through the discharge pipe into the
central tube so that the upper orifice of the air pipe will be immediately below the
upper edge of the said tube.
This apparatus operates in the following manner :- -The cock on the glass cover
and also the cocks in the air pipe and in the admission pipe are opened. The liquid

page_text: to be filtered is forced in under pressure and fills the receptacle. As soon as the
liquid appears in the glass cover the cock on the latter is closed. The liquid
is now forced through the filter cover into the before-mentioned chamber, while air
is continually forced out through the said pipe until the chamber is filled, whereupon
the cock in the air pipe is closed and the cock in the discharge pipe opened. Then
the filtration will proceed properly, inasmuch as the liquid introduced under
pressure will be forced through the filter and flow over the edges of the central
tube.
Should vapours
collect either in the receptacle or in the chamber the air may be
excluded by the glass cover and by the cock in the air pipe. As the admission
pipe does not terminate in the bottom of the receptacle but a short distance above
the same, a space is left for the heavier parts separated during the filtration, for
instance for the reception of the water contained in petroleum, which may then be
let off through the cock at the bottom without interrupting the filtration.
When the apparatus is to be emptied the cocks at the upper part of the casing
and at the lower part of the receptacle are opened, while the cock in the admission
pipe is closed; the air will then enter through the said cock at the upper part of
the casing and fill the receptacle whereas the unfiltered liquid will leave through
the cock at the lower part of this receptacle.
The filtered liquid contained in the aforesaid chamber is conducted into the
Then the
discharge pipe by raising the central tube with the aid of the said screw.
When another filter
liquid can flow out through openings provided in the tube.
is to be put in, the outer cylindrical casing is removed, thereby uncovering
the filter and enabling it to be readily screwed from the discharge pipe and
replaced.
00-11: of March 1805
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Filtering
Liquids.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent
Agents, 45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to apparatus for filtering liquids.
In filtering apparatus as heretofore used the filtration is chiefly effected by the
liquid passing in the vertical direction through the filter and leaving through the
bottom of the same. In most cases this gives rise to considerable inconveniences,
inasmuch as the sediment collecting at the bottom of the filter gradually renders the
filtration more and more difficult so that it cannot take place in a regular and
uniform manner. These inconveniences are obviated by the employment of vertical
filtering walls, in which case the liquid will not have to pass through the sediment
collected at the bottom of the filtering apparatus, but through the filter alone
so that the filtration can always take place at a uniform pressure and with complete
regularity.
The present invention comprises vertical filters, which may for example possess
double walls of fine wire, between which the filtering materials (sand or the
like) are placed, and through which the filtration will then take place in the
horizontal direction.

page_text: Moreover the said invention comprises a filtering apparatus having such.
vertical filters; this apparatus being represented in the accompanying drawing,
in which
Figure 1 shows a vertical transverse section of the whole apparatus, while
Figure 2 shows the filter itself.
This apparatus comprises a cylindrical, box-shaped or polygonal receptacle A
provided with a cover B firmly secured thereon by bolts and nuts q.
At the bottom of the receptacle A are arranged an admission pipe C and
a discharge pipe D, both pipes being provided with cocks, c and d together with a
tap cock. At the top of the cover B is arranged a glass cover m provided with a
cock, and on the one side of the cover B with a cock a. The filter consists of
a circular or polygonal plate F provided with a central opening and which is
secured by a screw-threaded tubular piece H in the discharge pipe D. The said
plate constitutes a support for the filtering walls J and K which consist of wires or
pervious material, between which the filtering material L, for instance sand,
is held; the inner filtering wall is somewhat lower than the outer wall and is
furnished at the top with a cover N. This forms between the bottom plate F, the
inner filtering wall K and the cover N a chamber V wherein a tube O is contained
which is inserted below into the aforesaid tubular piece H and carries a bridge
piece P having a screw threads with which engages a screw i passing through
a socket on the cover N. An air discharge pipe P¹ furnished at its lower end with
a cock p is inserted from below through the discharge tube D into the central
tube O, so that the upper orifice of the air pipe will be immediately above the upper
edge of the said tube O.
This apparatus operates in the following manner :-The cock on the glass cover in
and also the cocks p and c are opened. The liquid to be filtered is now forced in
under pressure and fills the receptacle. As soon as the liquid appears under the
glass cover m the cock on the latter is closed. The liquid is now forced through
the filtering material L into the chamber V, while the air is continually forced out
through the pipe P' until the chamber V is filled, whereupon the cock p is closed
and the cock d opened. Then the filtration will proceed properly inasmuch as the
liquid introduced under pressure will be forced through the filter and will flow over
the edges of the central tube O.
Should vapours collect either in the receptacle or in the chamber V the air may
be excluded by the glass cover m and by the cock p. As the admission pipe C does
not terminate in the bottom of the receptacle A but a short distance above the
same, a space is left for the heavier parts separated during the filtration, for instance
for the reception of the water contained in petroleum, which may then be let off
through the cock b without interrupting the filtration.
When the apparatus is to be emptied the cocks a and b are opened, while
the cock c is closed; the air will then enter through a and fill the receptacle A,
whereas the unfiltered liquid will leave through the cock b.
The filtered liquid contained in the chamber V is conducted into the discharge
pipe D by raising the pipe O to the position indicated in Figure 2 with the aid of
the screw-threaded bolt i. The liquid can then flow out through the openings a
provided in the tube O. When another filter is to be put in, the outer cylindrical
casing or cover B is taken off, after removing the screws or bolts 7 whereby the
filter is uncovered and can be readily unscrewed from the pipe D and renewed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A vertical cylindrical filtering apparatus for liquids formed for example
by double wire-walls, between which the loose filtering substance-sand or the
like is arranged and through which the filtration takes place in a horizontal
direction, substantially as described.
2. A filtering apparatus for liquids, having vertical filters as described in

page_text: the Claim 1, and comprising a vessel A provided with feed pipes, in which vessel a
loose filtering substance arranged between two sets of wire gauze or other pervious
or porous material is so inserted that a chamber V is formed between the filtering
substance and the base plate from an opening in which the filtered liquid is
discharged through a pipe connected to the chamber V, whilst any gas or vapour is
discharged through an air discharge pipe P1; the apparatus being so constructed
that it can be easily emptied of its contents and the filter can be easily and
conveniently unscrewed and replaced by screwing on another filter; substantially as
shown and described.
3. In filtering apparatus, such as described in Claim 2, the use of hollow columns
of loose filtering substance, for instance sand, held in position by rings or cylinders
of porous or pervious material, through which the filtration takes place, substantially
as described.
4. In filtering apparatus, such as described in Claim 2, the provision of a space
or chamber at the bottom of the apparatus, which space or chamber lies below the
filtering medium and receives any heavy impurities which may be drawn in with the
liquids, which impurities can then be discharged through the cock b.
1
hon 1805
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.