Improvements in Grinding and Pulverizing Machines.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Grinding and Pulverizing Machines.
I, EDUARD DALCHOW, of No. 17, Marien-strasse, Berlin, in the Empire of
Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
This invention relates to a machine for grinding and pulverizing a great variety
of substances, such as corn, minerals, coal, pigments and the like. The machine
is characterized, in the first place, by the novel shape of the inner wall of the
⚫ drum or chamber enclosing the grinding or pulverizing mechanism; while
a further essential feature of the invention consists in the arrangement of a series
of vanes or beaters, adapted to act by centrifugal force upon (or in conjunction
with) the non-circular inner surface of the said drum or chamber, in such a
manner that the substance is divided, or disintegrated, alternately by attrition and
pounding. In addition to this, the said vanes or beaters may, in the manner here-
inafter to be described, operate under the action or control of springs, designed to
fulfil the double object of increasing the effect of the beaters, and as far as possible
preventing the recoil of the same.
In one form of the invention a disc is mounted upon the central shaft within
the casing, and is provided with any suitable number of wings, vanes or beaters
which are pivotted to the disc. This disc may receive rotary motion from any
available source of power through the medium of a driving pulley. The interior
surfaces or walls against, or in conjunction with, which the beaters are adapted to
work, are not circular but consist of a series of inclines; the said beaters being
caused to come into frictional contact with such surfaces by centrifugal force.
As the beaters sweep past the slightly inclined surfaces, they act upon the corn or
other substance to be ground by both grinding and disintegration; and as soon as
they reach the corners or edges dividing the two inclines, they slide along the more
abruptly inclined faces, and, on passing these, deliver a powerful blow upon the
intervening corn or the like, thereby pounding the same.
The feeding contrivance to be employed should preferably be a hopper.
The object of the vanes arranged above the aforementioned disc is to throw up
the substance, when sufficiently divided, and to eject it from the casing through a
perforated or wire-gauze sheet. Should any part of the substance-although as
finely divided as it is required to be nevertheless fail to pass through the meshes
of the sheet or sieve, such substance will re-descend into contact with the set of
beaters. The operation of beating-up and raising the ground or pulverized sub-
stance may be assisted by the shape of the grinding surface which is not cylindrical,
but is that of an upwardly-flaring hollow cone, whereby the substance, impelled by
centrifugal force, naturally acquires an upward tendency.
Thus the upper
The machine herein described may be modified in various ways.
vanes may, if desired, be dispensed with, or replaced by other arrangements for
carrying off or discharging the corn or other substance when sufficiently ground.
The feeding appliances, also, may be other than those herein described. If desir-

page_text: able more than one set of beaters may be used, in which case the several sets may
be either combined with one set acting simultaneously, or arranged to operate in
succession-say in tiers located one above the other-with or without the inter-
position of vanes employed for exhausting or ventilating purposes. If preferred,
the wall of the grinding chamber may be cylindrical, that is to say, upright and
parallel instead of tapering, the essential point, in all cases, being the provision
of the beaters, and also the peculiar configuration of the grinding surface, by the
co-operation of which the requisite compound rubbing and pounding is secured.
In a modification the substance to be ground is supplied through the hopper,
the conveyor screw, and the feeding channel secured axially upon the disc. From
this channel the substance falls through apertures towards the pulverizing
mechanism arranged below the disc. The vanes, together with the disc and the
feeding channel, form one complete apparatus. The substance when sufficiently
ground is beaten up by the vanes, and passes through the perforated partition or
sieve into the outer chamber enclosed by the casing, whence the said substance may
be readily removed. In this modification the vanes or beaters are constructed with
extensions. These, vanes or beaters thus form double-armed levers and they are
so arranged behind each other that the extension of each beater is facing the
operative part of the next beater, while the spring forces apart the adjacent parts.
By this arrangement each spring acts upon two adjacent beaters simultaneously,
so that the pressure of the springs is taken advantage of in two directions. The
said springs thus not only increase the effect of the centrifugal force, but at the
same time prevent the beaters from rebounding from the walls of the grinding
chamber. Buffers of any suitable construction may be substituted for the said
springs.
Dated this 2nd day of June 1897.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Grinding and Pulverizing Machines.
I, EDUARD DALCHOW, of No. 17, Marien-strasse, Berlin, in the Empire of
Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:―
This invention relates to a machine for grinding and pulverizing a great variety
of substances, such as corn, minerals, coal, pigments and the like.
""
The machine is characterized, in the first place, by the novel shape of the inner
wall of the "drum or chamber enclosing the grinding or pulverizing mechanism;
while a further essential feature of the invention consists in the arrangement of a
series of vanes or beaters, adapted to act by centrifugal force upon (or in conjunc-
tion with) the non-circular inner surface of the said drum or chamber, in such a
manner that the substance is divided, or disintegrated; alternately by attrition and
pounding. In addition to this, the said vanes or beaters may, in the manner here-
inafter to be described, operate under the action or control of springs, designed to
fulfil the double object of increasing the effect of the beaters, and as far as possible
preventing the recoil of the same.
The invention will be readily understood by reference to the accompanying
drawings in which

page_text: Figure 1 is a vertical section of a machine constructed in accordance with this
invention;
Figure 2 is an horizontal section taken through the grinding chamber.
Figure 3 is a vertical section illustrating a modification of the machine; and
Figure 4 is an horizontal section of the grinding surface Figure 3, (the equiva-
lent of the grinding chamber of the first-mentioned arrangement), showing the
disposition of the springs controlling the beaters.
In the construction represented in Figures 1 and 2, a disc D is revolvably
mounted upon the shaft B within the casing A, and is provided with any suitable
number of wings, vanes or beaters E which are pivotted to the disc. This disc D
may receive rotary motion from any available source of power through the medium
of a driving pulley C. The interior or surfaces or walls against, or in conjunction
with, which the beaters E are adapted to work, are not circular but consist of a
series of inclines as indicated in Figure 2, the said beaters being caused to come
into frictional contact with such surfaces by centrifugal force. As the beaters
sweep past the slightly inclined surfaces a, they act upon the corn or other sub-
stance to be ground by both grinding and disintegration; and as soon as they
reach the corners or edges 6 they slide along the more abruptly inclined faces c
and, on passing these, deliver a powerful blow upon the intervening corn or the
like, thereby pounding the same.
The feeding contrivance to be employed should preferably be a hopper such
as H.
The object of the vanes K is to throw up the substance, when sufficiently divided,
and to eject it from the casing through a perforated or wire-gauze sheet L. Should
any part of the substance although as finely divided as it is required to be---
nevertheless fail to pass through the meshes of the sheet or sieve L, such substance
will re-descend into contact with the set of beaters. The operation of beating-up
and raising the ground or pulverized may be assisted by the shape of the grinding
surface G which is not cylindrical, but is that of an upwardly-flaring hollow cone,
as illustrated in Figure 1; whereby the substance, impelled by centrifugal force,
naturally acquires an upward tendency.
If
The machine herein described may be modified in various ways. Thus the upper
vanes R may, if desired, be dispensed with, or replaced by other arrangements for
carrying off or discharging the corn or other substance when sufficiently ground.
The feeding appliances, also, may be other than those herein described.
desirable more than one set of beaters may be used, in which case, the several sets
may be either be combined into one set acting simultaneously, or arranged to
operate in succession-say in tiers located one above the other-with or without the
interposition of vanes employed for exhausting or ventilating purposes.
If pre-
ferred, the wall of the grinding chamber may be cylindrical that is to say upright
and parallel instead of tapering, the essential point, in all cases, being the provision
of the heaters E, and also the peculiar configuration of the grinding surface G, as
illustrated in Figure 2, by the co-operation of which the requisite compound
rubbing and pounding effect is secured.
In a modification represented in Figures 3 and 4 the substance to be ground is
supplied through the hopper H, the conveyor screw, and the feeding channel M
secured axially upon the disc D. From this channel the substance falls through
apertures d towards the pulverizing mechanism arranged below the disc D. The
vanes K, together with the disc D and the feeding channel M, form one complete
apparatus. The substance when sufficiently ground is beaten-up by the vanes K,
and passes through the perforated partition or sieve L, into the outer chamber
enclosed by the casing N, whence the said substance may be readily removed.
In this modification the vanes or beaters E are constructed with extensions E¹.
These vanes or beaters thus form double-armed levers and they are so arranged
behind each other that the extension E¹ of each beater is facing the part E of the
next beater, while the spring P forces apart the adjacent parts E E¹. By this
arrangement each spring acts upon two adjacent beaters simultaneously, so that the

page_text: pressure of the springs is taken advantage of in two directions. The said springs
thus not only increase the effect of the centrifugal force, but at the same time pre-
vent the beaters from rebounding from the walls of the grinding chamber. Buffers
of any suitable construction may be substituted for the said springs P.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. A machine for grinding and pulverizing substances of every description the
main feature of which is, that vanes or beaters attached to a vertical shaft, are
arranged to act within a chamber or casing having its interior surfaces or walls
formed in a series of inclines, and thereby enabled to operate alternately by attri-
tion and pounding through the action of centrifugal force when the set of vanes
or beaters is rotated substantially as herein described and shown in the accom-
panying drawings.
2. In a grinding and pulverizing machine as specified in Claim 1, the pressure
springs interposed between the vanes or beaters and the extensions of adjacent
vanes or beaters, protruding rearwardly beyond their fulcrum for the purpose of
pressing the said vanes or beaters against the walls of the grinding chamber and
of preventing them from rebounding therefrom, substantially as described with
reference to Figures 3 and 4 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated thi.
1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.