Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Mar., 1886.
Complete Left, 20th Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 1st Feb., 1887.
I EDWARD GREENFIELD 7 Powis Gardens Westbourne Park W do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to an improved method of design and construction in the
manufacture of Firelighters whereby the operation of Firelighting and Firelaying
may be performed more expeditiously and at a smaller expenditure of labour.
My Invention consists essentially of the adaption of several bars or strips formed
of any kind of Wood or composition but preferably of Red or Yellow deal so built
placed formed or constructed on one or more standards bases or supports (of any
hight from inch to 6 inches variable according to the size or shape of the Stove or
Range it is intended to be for) as to leave a clear space or spaces or divisions between
the Bars sufficient to allow a free current or draught of air to pass underneath and
through the bars or divisions such current carrying with it the flame necessary to the
combustion of the coal or other fuel intended to be lighted. In some cases it may be
desirable to use a plate of Wood drilled or perforated with holes of a suitable size or
guage so constructed to permit or admit of a sufficient current of air to pass under &
through the perforations necessary to carry sufficient flame when ignited as to cause a
quick combustion of Fuel.
These respective arrangements of apparatus may be of any shape square, oblong,
angular, or circular, or any other convenient shape provided always that the combustion
combines the necessary arrangement for a free current of air of sufficient magnitude
to pass underneath and through the bars, or Plate and perforations, as to fulfil the
principle as before described. The combustion of the Fire lighter may be aided by
giving it a coating whole or in part of some inflamable compound.
EDWARD GREENFIELD.

page_text: EDWARD GREENFIELD Willow Cottage Halloway Place Old London Road Hastings
Sussex "Gentleman" do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My Invention relates to an Improved construction of Fire Lighter of materials
such as Wood, or composition of a Woody Fibrous or Mineral nature; capable of
undergoing quick and easy combustion, which by its method of arrangement, and
construction, shall provide perfect channels, or courses, admitting a perfect supply of
oxygen to the burning Lighter and so constructed; shall form a reliable, efficient,
and economical Fire Lighter. And, in order that my Invention may be the better
understood I have appended the accompanying sheet of drawings. In carrying out
my Invention in its initial form I take bars or small pieces of prepared wood (or
composition) in sizes of or about, four and half inches in length, by inch wide,
and an inch thick. These bars by a process of rivetting rabbeting, or grooving, are
affixed horizontally to a standard or base of similar material, (as shown in the
accompanying drawings Figures 4 and 5) of or about 4 inches long by inch
deep, by inch thick; so as to allow clear and unoccupied spaces or divisions of, or
about of an inch in width for air supply during process of combustion. This form
of Fire Lighter also provides a perfect air chamber beneath the bars, its space
depending upon the lessened, or increased, depth of the standard by which the bars are
held or sustained in position.
In another form more easily adapted for Exportation, I reverse the order and instead
of using bars lying at their widest, upon an upright, or sustaining base, I place bars a
in a vertical or perpendicular position Figures 1 and 2 of or about 14 inches deep by
or about an inch thick of similar lengths to the foregoing allowing air channels,
chambers, or divisions, of about one inch clear (variable according to the class of stove
in which it is intended to be used) the bars or strips being held by one or more
outside bars rivetted as shown at d, or otherwise affixed, so as to hold them securely
in position during the process of combustion, thereby allowing the air current in this
form also to pass under, as well as between without material impediment.
In other cases this arrangement of vertical bars a is held in form, and the air
sections or chambers sustained and preserved in form, by a thinner bar or strip b
Figures 6. 7. 8 inserted, or let into the vertical Bars a, affixed without the aid of Pins,
rivets, or other accessories, a groove or slot being employed (see Figures 6, 7 and 8)
which arrangement allows a simple direct air current to pass between the burning
divisions having front to back an unimpeded course. These specified arrangements
of combustable material may be used with or without the addition of Fire enriching
elements, or compositions. Or, sheets or plates of Wood may be used, and the
channels or passages for the air may be punched or drilled out to any required size
or shape.
The figures in the accompanying drawing illustrate fire lighters made of wood,
either with, or without the addition of fire enriching composition; when however the

page_text: fire lighters according to my Invention are composed of a conglomerate such as
hereinbefore referred to as being of a ligneous, fibrous or mineral nature, as for instance
would be produced by an intimate admixture of sawdust, and sulphur or phophorus,
peat and coal dust with resinous gums and the like; then, in such case in constructing
my improved fire lighter I may take the conglomerate compound aforesaid when in a
heated state and form or shape the separate pieces in suitable moulds. Or, I may roll
said conglomerate compound when in a plastic state into sheets of the required
thickness and stamp or otherwise cut out the separate pieces; and then, under both of
the latter modes of procedure, I make up or construct the fire lighters in the same
manner as hereinbefore described and shown in reference to those inade of wood.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
First, An improved Fire lighter consisting essentially of a combination of bars of
wood, composition or of similar combustible material as described.
Second, The respective arrangements, methods, and provisions in constructing same
substantially as described.
EDWARD
GREENFIELD.
James Stevenson,
Gray's Inn Chambers,
20, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agent for Applicant.