IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR DRYING BONE BLACK
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Melville Clark, of 53, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of
"IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR DRYING BONE BLACK."-A communication
from abroad by Peter Farley, of the City, County, and State of
"New York, United States of America.
.**
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Melville
Clark at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 10th March 1874.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County
5 of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR DRYING BONE BLACK," to be as
follows:-
This Inautin ulates to immunrend nunundan free die have h

page_text: arrangement of shelves to the outer side of a heating structure so that
said shelves may retain the matter to be dried and allow it to feed down
slowly, it also relates to the general construction of the apparatus.
The heating structure is put above a furnace or suitable heater used
in sugar refineries or other establishments. It or the ordinary retorts
made of metal or other material, preferably with vertically corrugated
sides which are slightly inclined. Shelves are arranged within the
structure perforated or open at alternate ends. The heat from the
furnace below enters the lower part of the structure and is by the
shelves detained and caused to move in a zig-zag course until at the
upper end it is by a short vertical pipe carried down to the chimney.
The structure is thus made a heater by the detention of the hot air or
products of combustion passing through it. A series of inclined slats
are arranged against the outer side of the heater above one another.
Their inner edges which may be straight or scolloped parallel with the
corrugations in the sides are but a short distance from the latter. At
the bottom the space between the slats and sides is closed by flanges
which project from the heater and are provided with lateral or longi-
tudinal slides, whereby apertures in said flanges are closed or opened to
a suitable extent.
The bone black or other matter to be dried is placed upon the upper
slat in contact with the heater and is gradually fed down until it arrives
thoroughly dried upon the bottom plate, whence it is discharged into
the retort or receptacle below by opening the slides. This apparatus
serves to do away with the laborious and expensive flat driers heretofore
used, and also with the dangerous process of drying while burning
whereby explosions are frequently occasioned.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-seventh
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Alexander Melville Clark, Her special
licence that I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, my executors, adminis
trators; and assigns, or such others as I, the said Alexander Melville
Clark, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
*IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR DRYING BONE BLACK," a communication to me
from abroad by Peter Farley, of the City, County, and State of New
York, United States of America, upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, my exccutors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Sheet of Drawing, and to the letters and figures marked thercon (that
is to say):
This Invention relates to an improved apparatus for drying bone black
used in sugar refineries and for other purposes, and consists in the
arrangement of shelves' to the outer side of a heating structure so that
said shelves may retain the matter to be dried and allow it to feed down
slowly, also in the general construction of apparatus.
Figure 1. of the accompanying Drawings represents a vertical -longi-
tudinal section of the improved apparatus, for drying. bone black;
Figure 2 is a vertical transverse section; and Figure 3 an inverted plan

page_text: view partly in section of the same. Similar letters of reference indicate
corresponding parts.
A represents a structure put above a furnace or suitable heater used
in sugar refineries or other establishments. It or the ordinary retorts A¹
is made of metal or other material, preferably with vertically corrugated
sides a, a, which are slightly inclined, as shown in Figure 2. Shelves b, b,
are arranged within the structure A perforated or open at alternate ends;
as shown in Figure 1. The heat from the furnace below enters the
lower part of the structure A at B', and is by the shelves b, b, detained
and caused to move in a zig-zag course until at the upper end of A it is
by a short vertical pipe c carried down to the chimney d. The structure A
is thus made a heater by the detention of the hot air or products of
combustion passing through it. B, B, are a series of inclined slats
arranged against the outer side of the heater A above one another, as is
clearly shown in Figure 2. Their inner edges. which may be straight or
scolloped parallel with the corrugations in the sides are but a short
distance from the latter. At the bottom the space between the slats
and sides a is closed by flanges e, e, which project from the heater and
are provided with lateral or longitudinal slides f whereby apertures in
said flanges are closed or opened to a suitable extent.
The bone black or other matter to be dried is placed upon the upper
slat B in contact with the heater, and is gradually fed down. until, it
arrives thoroughly dried upon the plate e, whence it is discharged into
the retort or receptacle below by opening the slides f. This apparatus
serves to do away with the laborious and expensive flat driers heretoforo
used, and also with the dangerous process of drying while burning,
whereby explosions are frequently occasioned.
Having described the nature of the Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I declare that what I claim as the Invention to
be protected by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
1st. The inclined slats B, B, applied to a heater A, substantially as
and for the purpose herein shown and described.
IN
2ndly. The heater A applied to a furnace and provided with inclined
sides and with shelves b, as described, to utilize the waste heat for the
drying of bone black; as specified..

page_text: 3rdly. The slides fapplied to the perforated flanges e and combined
with the inclined slats and heater, as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of September, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.
Witness,
HARRY SWALES,
53, Chancery Lane,
London.
· A. M. CLARK. (L.S.)