Improvements in Means and Apparatus for Promoting Water Circulation, Heating Feedwater, and Generating Steam in Locomotive and other Steam Boilers.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Jun., 1896-Accepted, 25th Apr., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Means and Apparatus for Promoting Water
Circulation, Heating Feedwater, and Generating Steam in
Locomotive and other Steam Boilers.
A communication from abroad by JOHN KING, CHARLES DOWNES, and JOHN
WADDINGTON, of Buenos Aires, Argentine Republic.
1, JOHN PATRICK O'DONNELL, of 70 and 71 Palace Chambers, Westminster,
in the County of Middlesex, Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The system of this invention is the heating of the cold feed water by forcing it
into the boiler through a hollow fire-bar carrier and hollow deflector, by means of
the pump and injector, or when the pump or injector is not working, using the
hollow fire bar carrier and the hollow deflector as a means of generating steam, by
allowing the water in the boiler to circulate through them.
My invention has the following advantages:-
1. That it will save coal, either when working as a feed-water heater, or steam
generator; (a) as a feedwater heater, by putting hot water into the boiler instead
of cold; (b) as a steam generator, by raising steam quicker owing to the water in
the boiler being circulated through the carrier and deflector and thus subjected in
smaller volume to the direct heat of the furnace.
2. That the heat which is now lost in solid combustion plates or brick arches will
be utilized to the full in producing steam.
3. The deflector and fire bar carrier cannot burn owing to their always being full
of water.
4. That the deflector and fire bar carrier will act as a filter and mud collector, so
preventing priming and obviating the necessity of washing out the boiler so
frequently.
5. That the life of the boiler will be prolonged, owing to the destructive
chemicals in the feed water being retained in the carrier and deflector instead of
passing into the boiler.
6. That, owing to the deflector cooling down equally with the boiler, the heating
of stays, leaking of tubes, and cracking of tube plates, caused by the unequal
contraction of boilers using brick arches, will be avoided; and also that boilers can
be washed out and refilled with much less delay and with greater safety.
7. That, owing to the deflector and carrier being so easily removed, repairs to
fire box or tubes can be carried out with greater facility and at much less cost than
is possible where brick arches are used.
In order that the invention may be better understood and more readily carried
into effect I will describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
Figure 1 shows, as au example, a locomotive boiler fitted with the hollow water
space fire bar carrier and hollow water space deflector. The boiler itself is shown
in section, the various pipes & valves being approximately in their relative
positions.
Figure 2 is an underneath view of Fig. 1.
Figure 3 is a cross section, on line A-B, of Fig. 1.
Figures 4, 5 and 6, show details of the water space fire bar carrier, which is made

page_text: in the shape of the letter "H as shown on plan (Fig. 5), and is hollow
throughout.
In Figure, 45 is the end next the fire hole door, 46 is the end next to the
tube plate, and 47 is the connecting piece between 45 and 46. The water enters
at 30, 31, travels along 45 into 47, and from there into 46 and out at 32 on top of
carrier, where it enters pipe 29 (Fig. 3) which is the pipe connecting the carrier
and deflector as will be more clearly seen on reference to Fig. 1.
Figure 6 shows the two ends 45 and 46 in section, 48 being the water space.
The bars marked 41 are shown in position, sitting on the seat 19.
In Figure 4 the connecting pipe 47 is shown in section, with water space through
it marked 48.
On the bottom of the carrier are washout plugs 59 (Figs. 5 & 6), and the
connecting piece 47 is arched (see dotted lines Fig. 6) to give strength.
Figures 7, 8 9 and 10, illustrate details of the deflector, showing the form in
which it is constructed. It consists of a hollow metal case, adequately stayed to
withstand steam pressure. On the end section Fig. 8 and on the reverse plan
Fig. 10, 33 is where the connecting pipe 29 (Fig. 1) is screwed into the deflector.
In Figures 7 nud 8, 34 and 35 are where pipes 27 and 28 (Fig. 1) are screwed
into the deflector, and 2 (Fig. 8) are stays.
In Figures 7, 8, 9 & 10, 51 are wash out plugs.
Figures 11, 12 and 13, illustrate details of twin clack and circulation valve
combined, marked 4 and 5 in Figure 2.
In Figure 11, which is a front sectional elevation, the clack valve for injector 7
(Fig. 3) is marked 53. The clack valve for pump 3 (Figs. 1 and 2) is marked 54.
The outlet to circulation and feed pipe 24 is marked 44. The outlet to circulation
valve 5 (Fig. 3) is marked 55.
In Figure 12, which is a side elevation, 44 is the outlet to the circulation and
feed pipe 24 (Figs. 1 & 2), and 51 is the inlet from pump 3 (Figs. 1 & 2). 5 is the
circulation valve. 56 is the flange for connecting to boiler.
In Figure 13, which is a sectional plan of the valve, 55 is the inlet from the clack
box and 57 is the outlet to the boiler.
The same numbers refer to the same parts in the several figures of the
drawings.
1 is the hollow water space fire bar carrier; 2 is the hollow water space deflector;
3 is the pump; is the double clack for pump and injector; 5 is the circulation
valve between clack 4 and boiler; 6 is the stop valve, 7 the injector for carrier
and deflector, 8 (Fig. 2) the supplementary injector for direct feed to boiler, and 9
(Fig. 2) a four way piece connecting the feed or circulation pipe 2+ to the carrier 1.
10 is a blow down cock, and 11 a two way cock for the passage of water from the
tender (shown at the extreme left in Figs. 1 & 2) to the pump 3 or injector 8.
a steam escape and scum cock combined, and 13 is a valve regulating circulation
between the deflector 2 and the boiler. 14 (Fig. 1) is the injector steam cock,
and 15 a handle on the footplate for working the circulation valve 5 (Fig. 2).
16 (Fig. 1) is a handle on the footplate for working the blow down cock 1, and
17 is a handle on the footplate for working the two way cock 11. 18 (Fig. 2) is the
feed pipe from the tender to the two way ccck 11, aud 19 is the feed pipe from the
two way cock 11 to pump 3. 20 is the feed pipe from two way cock 11 to injector 8
and 21 the feed pipe from the tender to injectur 7. 22 is the pipe from injector 7
to clack 4, 23 pipe from pump 3 to clack 4, and 24 feed and circulation pipe from
clack 4 to carrier 1. 25 and 26 are pipes from the four way piece 9 to the carrier 1.
27 is a pipe leading from the deflector 2 to the boiler through valve 12, and 28 a
pipe leading from the deflector to the boiler through valve 13. 29 is a pipe
connecting the carrier 1 and deflector 2, screwed into the latter at 33 (Fig. 1) and
serewed to the former by a coupling nut at 32. 30, 31 (Fig. 5) are the points
where the pipes 25 and 26 are connected with the carrier 1, and 32 is where the
pipe 29 is connected to the carrier. 33 is where pipe 29 is connected to the
deflector 2, 34 is where the pipe 27 enters said deflector, and 35 where the pipe 28

page_text: enters the same. 36, 37 and 38 are hollow studs screwed into the firebox, supporting
the deflector 2. 39 and 40 are plates bolted to foundation ring of firebox, supporting
carrier 1. 41 are the fire bars.
Pipes 27 and 28 are carried by means of expanded tubes 42, 43, through the walls
of the firebox and outside the shell.
The working of this invention is as follows:-
When the pump is supplying water to the boiler the water enters from the tender
by pipe 18 and passes through two way cock 11 to the pump 3 by pipe 19, then
passes into pipe 23 through clack + into feed and circulation pipe 24 at 44, whence
it passes through four way piece 9 into bottom of carrier 1 at 30, 31, leaving same
at 32 and passing into deflector 2 at 33 through pipe 29, then passing into pipes 27
and 28 at 34 and 35, and finally entering the boiler at valves 12 and 13.
During the time the pump 3 is working, the cock is closed to boiler.
When the injector 7, carrying water to carrier and deflector, is working, the water
is drawn from the tender through pipe 21 and passed into pipe 22 to clack 4, whence
it passes into pipe 24 at 44, after which it follows the same course as described when
the pump is working. During the time injector 7 is working circulation valve 5 is
closed to boiler. If necessary pump 3 and injector 7 can be worked simultaneously.
When required the feed water from pump 3 or injector 7 can be passed direct into
the boiler by opening valve 5 and closing stop valve 6 on pipe 24 leading to
carrier 1.
In using the carrier and deflector as a means of generating steam only, it is
necessary to open valve 5 to boiler, so giving the water a complete circulation
through the carrier and deflector, the water following the same course as previously
described when pump and injector are working.
In the event of having to work the supplementary injector 8, the two way cock 11
is closed to pump 3 and opened to injector 8, which feeds the boiler through the
ordinary clack.
The carrier 1 and deflector 2 may be made of iron, steel, copper, brass, or other
suitable metal, and may be either cast or made of plate metal and riveted, as
desired. The deflector may be made flat, as shown on the drawings, or arched,
according to circumstances.
The applicatiou and working of our invention in connection with boilers other
than locomotive, is similar to that herein described with reference to a locomotive
boiler.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The application and use of a hollow water space deflector (taking the place of
the brick arch generally used), working in combination with a hollow water space
fire bar carrier, for the purpose of heating the feed water for boilers and also to act
as a steam generator, substantially as herein described and as illustrated in the
drawings annexed.
Dated this 31st day of January 1896.
JOHN P. O'DONNELL.