matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN REAPING MACHINERY
Year: 1853

page_text: zani at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 2d March 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, WILLOUGHBY THEOBALD MONZANI, of 17, High Street, Camden
Town, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN REAPING MACHINERY" to be as
follows:
This Invention consists of giving motion to the cutter bar by means
of a disc having on either side inclined projections, each of which, in
succession, gives a sudden motion to the cutter bar; and, in place
of having the cutters all of the same form, as heretofore, I cause them
alternately to be of different forms; that is, some stand off at right
angles to the cutter bar, and others at an inclination thereto and in
order to keep the cutters from choking. I employ a bar or scraper,
which, moving outwards and back, quickly removes any matters which
may be between the cutters.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Mary Honiball, of Saint John's Wood, in the
County of Middlesex, Executrix of the Will of James Honiball, deceased, of
an Extension for the term of Six Years from the Fifteenth Day of August,
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, of Letters Patent granted to
William Henry Porter, of Russia Row, Milk Street, in the City of London,
Warehouseman, for his Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS," and which
said Letters Patent were assigned by the said William Henry Porter to the
said James Honiball.
AN IMPROVED TRUSS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Crofton Moat at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 26th November 1853.
I, WILLIAM CROFTON MOAT, of the Strand, in the City of Westmin-
ster, Member of the Royal College of Surgeons, England, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED TRUSS " to
be as follows:-
I take a bar or strip of spring steel, bent into the shape of an ellipse,
to suit the formation of the body, and affix thercon a slide or runner,
which carries a plain piece of tempered steel, set at an angle to the
circular bar, so as to press inwards when on the body. The bar is
covered by a pad, which, together with the plain piece of tempered steel,
is capable of being moved upon the bar when required to alter the
position of the plain piece. The pressure pad is carried at the end
of this plain piece of steel, and by altering the size of this pad any con-
venient degree of pressure can be exerted and maintained. Upon the
exact position of the spring and pad being determined, the spring may
be fixed in that position by a screw passed through the slide.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Anderson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 10th February 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JAMES ANDERSON, of Auchnagie, in the County of Perth, North
Britain, Farmer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES" to be as follows: -
This Invention relates to certain arrangements of steam engines,
wherein the steam is condensed as required by passing it through a
mass of hair, yarn cloth, wire cloth, or other porous material capable.
of retaining fluiḍ particles by capillary attraction, such deposited
fluid particles being re-converted into steam by passing a current of
air through the mass. By this means the heat is economised to a
very great extent, and both the heat and water are used again and
again without absolute waste.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF FIGURING IN WEAVING
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Crofts at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 5th October 1858.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, WILLIAM CROFTS, of Derby Terrace, Nottingham Park, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF FIGURING IN WEAVING" to be
as follows:-
These improvements consist in the application of independent in-
struments for controlling by intercepting & bending various of the
warp threads in their movements endwise of the machine in arrange-
ments of machinery of the character of that described in the Specifi-
cation of a Patent granted to me, bearing date 1st April 1858; &
also for in like manner controlling various of the threads of additional
warp bars, when used with other warp bars of a like character to those
referred to in other modifications contained in two applications bearing
date the 3rd & 4th of the present month, in order to aid in pro-
ducing various ornamental & other effects.
The independent instruments which I prefer to use are such as have

page_text: been heretofore used by me (under Letters Patent) in machines for
the manufacture of lace, & they have each at the end of a long thin
blade a thickened projection or stem with a fine point, which projec-
tion is capable of filling up the space between two adjoining warp
threads, & such instruments are moved backward & forward in combs
similar to what are used in lace machines that they may enter the
spaces between the warp threads of various guide bars, by which the
movements of those threads may be intercepted when their guides are
actuated; or the threads may be bent aside in each or either direction,
lengthwise of the machine; or various of the threads of one or other
row or rows of guides may be guided opposite to spaces of other row or
rows of threads to effect crossings of the threads.
The independent instruments I prefer to select by jacquard appa-
ratus, but other pattern surface may be employed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW PROPELLERS FOR SHIPS AND OTHER VESSELS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Maudslay at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th March 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOSEPH MAUDSLAY, of the firm of Maudslay, Sons, and Field, of
Lambeth, in the County of Surrey, Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW PROPELLERS
FOR SHIPS AND OTHER VESSELS" to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in feathering the blades of screw propellers,
by means of worm wheels fixed on the lower end of the blades, and
worked by screws which are placed in recesses in the boss.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPING AND STARTING VEHICLES
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Philippe Poirier de St.
Charles at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 20th July 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, PHILIPPE POIRIER DE ST. CHARLES, of Fulham, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPING AND STARTING VEHICLES" to be
as follows:-
My improvements in stopping and starting carriages consists in
applying a break to the wheels, which takes up the power or momen-
tum of the vehicle in motion, and offers an opposition to its further
progress, such power being again given out and exerted in starting the
vehicle. By this means the stopping and starting of carriages will be
effected more quickly, and less waste of power will ensue, and if drawn
by horses they will not be subject to so much strain as is usually the
case. I effect this object by placing pinions on the naves of the
wheels, which, when it is desired to stop, are thrown into gear
with
racks, acting simultaneous in the compression of a number of strong
springs, and oppose a force to the further rotation of the wheels. These

page_text: springs possess great tendency and force to recoil when brought to the
closest state of compression, and are held so compressed during the
stoppage of the carriage. When the carriage has stopped, the gearing
of the racks & pinions are changed, so that the power of the springs
are exerted to produce a tendency to turn the wheels in a direction to
propel the carriage forwards. By this incans the force used to stop the
vehicle is beneficially exerted in starting it again; other arrangements
of apparatus may be employed for the purpose, & weights substituted
for springs, with a similar effect. :
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR IMPROVING THE DRAUGHT OF CHIMNEYS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas William Kennard*
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 15th February 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, THOMAS WILLIAM KENNARD, of Duke Street, Adelphi, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR IMPROVING THE
DRAUGHT OF CHIMNEYS" to be as follows:-
I place a screw propeller within the chimney or chimney cap, and
I connect it with a small windmill on the exterior of the chimney.
By this arrangement, in place of the draught being injured by a
high wind, is improved by it, as the windmill is caused to revolve
and to draw the air up the chimney by means of the propeller.
When there is no wind the air and smoke pass up between the
blades of the propeller.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PURIFYING WATER
Year: 1853

page_text: 31
I, WILLIAM DANTEC, of 5, New Quay, Liverpool, do hereby declare
the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PURIFYING WATER
to be as follows:-
My Invention for purifying water for the use of dyers and for manu-
facturing and other purposes consists of the employment of hydrate of
barytes (caustic barytes). It is to be mixed with water which is con-
taminated with sulphates or carbonates of lime or magnesia or other
impurities in order to decompose and separate the same from the
water. The water may be afterwards filtered, or the impurities allowed
to subside, before use.
MAKING A TESSELLATED PAVEMENT
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Addison and Henry
S. Eicke at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 1st January 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.).
We, JOHN ADDISON, of 1, Baker St., Portman Sqr., and HENRY
S. EICKE, of 3, Lawn Place, St. Lambeth, Gent., do hereby declare
the nature of the said. Invention for "MAKING A TESSELLATED PAVEMENT"
to be as follows:-
It is constructed with a cast iron frame, in small devices, which are
filled up with painted glass a quarter inch thick of different colours,
which rest on a flange so as to prevent their being broken by the feet,
and are further protected by a small iron frame, which rises one eighth
of an inch above the glass to prevent the feet coming in contact with
it. This frame can also be filled with stained glass according to taste.
Devices, figures, or representations of any kind or character may be
produced with great beauty and effect. This pavement possesses the
great advantage of durability, cheapness, beauty, and originality; it
can also be used for the tops of tables, mantle pieces; and various
other ornamental and useful purposes. The frame may be formed of

page_text: any sort of metal, or of a combination of two or more metals, or of
wood. The iron frame, according to taste, could be galvanized for the
sake of effect and durability.
IMPROVEMENTS IN REGU- LATING STEAM ENGINES AND OTHER PRIME MOVERS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 19th March 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County
of Middlesex, and of Glasgow, North Britain, Gentleman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN REGU-
LATING STEAM ENGINES AND OTHER PRIME MOVERS" to be as follows:-
The main principle of this Invention consists in having an endless
chain, which is constantly passing over two toothed pulleys of equal
diameter, one of which receives its motion from a weight, or from a
helix, the use of which will be herein-after described, and transmits it
to the second pulley or chain wheel, on the shaft of which is fitted the
regulating pulley of the machine. The movement of the first wheel is
regulated either by a pendulum or fly wheel. To the lower portion of
the chain is suspended, by an antifriction pulley, a weight, for the
purpose of distending the chain. A second weight, heavier than the
first, is hung, by a pulley, from the same chain, but at a different place.
To this weight is connected the rod which actuates the throttle valve

page_text: or other regulator of the prime mover. The helix, in certain arrange-
ments, answers the purpose of this latter weight, and is formed with
teeth on the upper and under sides of the spirals, these teeth gearing
with a pinion, the shaft of which actuates the water sluice or other
regulating mechanism. Supposing the speed of the prime mover to be
increased, the chain wheel in direct communication with it will throw
off more chain than can be taken up by the other wheel, which can
only move at one uniform rate of speed; consequently the chain between
the wheels will increase in length, and the weight attached thereto will
descend, bringing down with it the regulating rod. When, however,
the speed of the prime mover diminishes below the proper rate of
working, the action of the governor is reversed. When the helix is
employed it rises and falls with the weight, and consequently brings
either the upper or lower portion of its spiral, as the case may be, into
gear with a revolving pinion, and therefore the helix is caused to revolvo
in one direction or another according as it gears with the upper or
under side of the revolving pinion. As the helix revolves it gives
motion to another pinion in gear with it, which is keyed on to a shaft
carrying the spur pinions, which act directly upon the racks for raising
or lowering the sluices, if the governor be applied to a water wheel. By
the above arrangement a more effectual and sensitive action will be
obtained than by governors of the ordinary construction.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE APPLIED TO A RAILWAY TRUCK OR CARRIAGE TO ENABLE A GUARD OR PERSON TO SOUND A WHISTLE, AND, WHEN NECESSARY, TO PUT SUCH TRUCK OR CARRIAGE IN MOTION INDEPENDENT OF THE LOCOMOTIVE ENGINE
Year: 1853

page_text: with the application for Letters Patent was not given wunin the
time prescribed by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ellis Rowland at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th
November 1853.
I, ELLIS ROWLAND, of Mossley, near Belfast, do hereby declare the
nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE APPLIED
TO A RAILWAY TRUCK OR CARRIAGE TO ENABLE A GUARD OR PERSON TO SOUND
A WHISTLE, AND, WHEN NECESSARY, TO PUT SUCH TRUCK OR CARRIAGE IN
MOTION INDEPENDENT OF THE LOCOMOTIVE ENGINE," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of applying apparatus to a truck or carriage,
in which a guard or other person having the care of a train travels, by
which he may, as a train is propelled by a locomotive, cause the axle of
the truck or carriage to put in motion a pump or pumps to compress
atmospheric air into a vessel, which may be used at any time to give

page_text: motion to pistons in cylinders, and for a time communicate the power
of locomotion to the truck or carriage, and thus enable the guard or
person to travel quickly back in the event of accident or otherwise,
and also to sound a whistle by the compressed air, which, however, in
itself is not new.
A NEW OR IMPROVED SIGHT FOR CANNONS OR OTHER ORDNANCE
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Church at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th May 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, WILLIAM CHURCH, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A NEW OR IMPROVED SIGHT FOR CANNONS OR OTHER ORDNANCE" to be as
follows:-
Fig. 1, represents my improved sight detached, and Figs. 2, and 3,
represent the same in use with a cannon; it consists of a graduated
rod a, divided uniformly, as represented, and provided with an angular
depression b, at its top. The said rod a, is fitted in a cylindrical
hole c, at the breech end of the cannon, its position being fixed either
by a set screw or a spring bearing against it, or in any other convenient
By raising or lowering the rod a, until any given division is
presented at the top edge of the hole c, the cannon can always be
presented to the same object at the same angle. My Invention is
applicable to every variety of cannon and ordnance.
IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO PENS AND PENCILS FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
Year: 1853

page_text: time prescribed by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Auguste Edouard Loradoux
Bellford at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 25th November 1853.-A communication.
I, AUGUSTE EDOUARD LORADOUX BELLFORD, of 16, Castle Street,
Holborn (City), London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO PENS AND PENCILS
FOR WRITING OR DRAWING" to be as follows, viz. :-
I substitute for the metal fittings which are used generally for
uniting the nibs of metallic pens to the pen holders a fitting of
caoutchouc, either pure or sulphurized, or combined with any other
matter, so as to preserve in every season a suitable elasticity and
softness.
The nib of the pen being placed between the holder and the fitting,
or in a cavity formed by the caoutchouc itself, is moved with it by the
hand in the action of writing, whilst almost all the mechanical force
is transmitted to the caoutchouc, and the two points of the nib are not
separated from each other.

page_text: The writing is then easier, finer, more rapid, the hand less fatigued,
the fingers less hardened, less pained by contact with the fittings of the
holder, and they are no longer brought in contact with the copper or
brass fittings, thus avoiding disagreeable consequences. In particular
I employ a simple tube of caoutchouc, in which I place the end of the
holder.
I may also employ pen holders entirely composed of caoutchouc, so
that the contact of the holder with the metacarpal bone and joint of
the fore finger which articulates with the metacarpus may not cause
the fatigue generally caused by the rigidity of the holders. I apply the
same improvement to pencils of whatsoever kind they may be, by
uniting them by an elastic fitting of caoutchouc to a holder.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PACKING GOODS, SO AS TO INCREASE THE FACILITY AND SAFETY OF THEIR TRANSMISSION FROM PLACE TO PLACE
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by André Louis Jules Lecheva-
lier St. André at the Oflice of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 14th July 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, ANDRE LOUIS JULES LECHEVALIER ST. ANDRE, of 20, Albany Street,
Regent's Park, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PACKING GOODS, SO AS TO
INCREASE THE FACILITY AND SAFETY OF THEIR TRANSMISSION FROM PLACE TO
PLACE," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in adapting and employing cases composed of
wood, metal, or other suitable material, and of a particular construction,
for the purpose of containing goods required to be transmitted from
one place to another, such cases being intended to constitute permanent
envelopes for goods, instead of forming mere temporary coverings for
the same, to be afterwards destroyed, and also being locked so as to
keep their contents inaccessible, except by means of the proper key, and
moreover dispensing with the ordinary use of nails, string, &c.
These cases are constructed in plates or leaves united by hinges or
joints capable of being folded together when out of use, and kept

page_text: together by means of the lock, the same plates or leaves admitting of
being opened out into the form of a box or case when required to
contain goods for transmission. The lock or padlock may be adapted
and applied either to one of the sides or leaves of the case, or to a
metal band or a chain passed round the case in opposite directions, such
band being jointed to admit of its being folded together with the sides
or leaves of the case, when out of use, as a package. When these cases
are required for the transmission of fluid or liquid goods, they may have
inside them a vessel composed of caoutchouc or other flexible material
impervious to the passage of fluids, or of glass or earthenware, care
being taken in such instances to form the sides or leaves of the case so
that they may overlap and protect the interior vessel from injury.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE FORMATION OF SUCH METALLIC PLATES AS ARE REQUIRED TO BE CONJOINED BY RIVETTING OR OTHER SIMILAR FASTENING
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Burrows at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 23rd June 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JAMES BURROWs, of Haigh Foundry, near Wigan, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE FORMATION OF SUCH
METALLIC PLATES AS ARE REQUIRED TO BE CONJOINED BY RIVETTING OR
OTHER SIMILAR FASTENING" to be as follows:-
My improvements relate to the formation of plates to be used in the
construction of boilers, cisterns, tanks, and other vessels of capacity, and
also in the construction of metallic ships, houses, and other fabrics or
buildings wherein metallic plates are required to be conjoined by
rivetting or other similar fastening. My Invention applies chicfly to
the formation of what are technically termed "lap joints," and consist
in rolling or otherwise forming the sides or ends, or both the sides and
ends, or other parts of such plates (where the rivet or other holes are
to be punched or otherwise formed) thicker or stronger in substance

page_text: than the body of the plate, in order that when the said rivet or other
holes are formed in the said plates that part of the plates shall remain
as strong and as capable of resistance to pressure or other force as
any other part or portion of the said plates. This object may be accom-
plished, when the rivet or other holes are only required at one side or
end of the plates, by rolling them taper in thickness. But where the
holes are required at both sides or ends, or at both sides and ends, of
the said plates, or in any other intermediate part, it is to be attained
by rolling or otherwise forming a "swell" at the required part. These
"swells" may all be formed on one and the same side in the same
plate, or upon opposite sides of the same, or, if preferred, the plates
may be swelled equally upon both sides, so long as that part of the plate
where the holes are required to be formed is swelled to a sufficient
thickness to compensate for the loss of strength occasioned by punching
or otherwise forming the holes in the plate.
THE CONSUMPTION OR BURNING OF SMOKE
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Crossby at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 5th February 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, WILLIAM CROSSBY, of Sheffield, in the County of York, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "THE CONSUMPTION
OR BURNING OF SMOKE" to be as follows; namely, to be accomplished
by the use of coke or coal fires, the bars being moveable or other-
wise, and perforated with holes, so that an iron or metallic rod or
rods can be used in clearing the holes, and by these means giveing
the necessary air to the fire or fires, and thus assist in burning or
consuming the smoke, and by flues carrying it from the coke or
coal fire over one or more other coke or coal fires, so that by these
means the smoke will be burned or consumed; the flues being kept
heated, a great consumption of fuel will be saved, and the heat
will be more regular; and the nuisance of the smoke done away
with, or greatly diminished.
AN EQUITABLE GAS- WEIGHING METER
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Fry Heather, M.A.,
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 12th March 1858.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOHN FRY HEATHER, M.A., Mathematical Master at the Royal
Military Academy, Woolwich, in the County of Kent, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN EQUITABLE GAS-
WEIGHING METER," to be as follows, that is to say:-It is a modification
which can be applied to the train of wheels belonging to any gas-meter
for measuring the volume or bulk of gas passing through it, as is the
present custom, and which modification will convert the measure of
volume into a true measure of the weight of gas passing through the
meter. The mode adopted to arrive at this result will be best under-
stood by reference to the accompanying diagram. A, represents a
wheel set in motion by the meter, and turning the cone B, B. C, C,
is a platform travelling upon the fixed rails D, D; and the remainder
of the train of wheels communicating motion to the index, is connected
with this platform at the slots E, E, so as to travel backwards and
forwards with it, while the wheel F, F, always rests upon the cone,

page_text: and is turned by it. The platform is fixed to two pistons, G and II,
of which G is pressed upon immediately by the gas in the meter, and
His acted upon by compressed air or other gas contained in a vessel
K, K, which is surrounded by a reservoir L. L, communicating also
with the gas in the meter by means of the pipe M.
By this contrivance, whenever the pressure of the gas in the meter
is increased by an increase of temperature, the pressure upon the two
pistons is equally increased, and the travelling platform remains at
rest; but whenever the density of the gas is increased, the increased
pressure from this cause acts only upon the piston G. and the platform
is moved towards the thicker end of the cone. The circumference of
the part of the cone upon which the wheel F, F, rests is, therefore.
always proportional to the density of the gas; and the motion of the
index being proportional to the circumference and the number of turns
given to the cone, conjointly, is in fact a measure of the product of the
volume and density of the gas passing through the meter, and conse-
quently of its weight.
I claim, first, the means of taking into account the pressure of the
gas by means of the travelling platform and cone; and, secondly, the
means of taking into account the temperature by the employment of
the air-spring, and the gas reservoir surrounding it, so as to arrive
at the true weight of gas passing through the meter, under all circum-
stances.
Iм- PROVEMENTS IN CHESTS FOR THE USE OF EMIGRANTS, WHEREBY THEY ARE ALSO MADE APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John O'Leary at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th March 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOHN O'LEARY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Me-
chanic, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN CHESTS FOR THE USE OF EMIGRANTS, WHEREBY THEY ARE
ALSO MADE APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
A box of any convenients form or size, which, with the addition of a
few appendages (which are hereafter described), can be used either as
a box, or a wheelbarrow, or a dormitory, at pleasure. To accomplish
which, the top and one of the ends of the box are made movable;
and there is an angular piece cut out of the lower edge of the opposite
or fixed end (extending upwards and backwards in the bottom), suffi-
ciently long to allow a wheel, similar to that of a common wheelbarrow.
to work through or partially through it. This wheel is provided with

page_text: suitable axle and bearings, and the hole with a cover, that is so con-
structed that when the machine is in use as a box it will close the
aperture, and when in use as a wheelbarrow, by reversing it and placing
it in the inside, it will act as a guard over the wheel to protect the
contents of the wheelbarrow. To form the machine into a compleat
means of locomotion, there is. in addition to the wheel, a pair of move-
able handles and feet, which can be attached to the bottom or sides, at
the opposite end of the body to that at which the wheel is placed. By
this arrangement it will be readily seen that there is a compleat wheel-
barrow formed. To convert this machine into a dormitory, the move-
able lid and end are laid upon the handles of the barrow to form a
stage to extend the bottom of the machine, so as to obtain sufficient
length to lay a bed upon. To compleat the dormitory, there is an
awning of canvass or other suitable material, so formed that it will
extend over the whole, and which is supported upon a few light nibs or
standards.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Hunter at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th
February 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
1, JOHN HUNTER, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILE FABRICS"
to be as follows: -
This Invention relates principally to the manufacture of stout
woollen fabrics intended for articles of heavy clothing, as top coats,
cloaks, rugs, and other articles, and wrappers. Such fabrics have
one plain or smooth teazled side, and the other "curled" or faced
with short loops of the woollen weft, dotted at intervals over the
piece. The warp is cotton and the weft all wool, but various mate-
rials may be adopted in the manufacture. The piece is woven
plain or unfigured, care being taken that the body portion of the
wool only shall appear on the reverse or smooth side, and when the
woven fabric is "milled." In the after process, the component
threads of the warp permit the weft portions to start up and pro-
ject through from the line of the face in curls or short loops, and

page_text: the reverse side being either teazled or left in its natural condition,
has the appearance of a smooth, full, and uniform piece of cloth.
Such goods when made up into clothing, with the curls outside, are
extremely repellant of moisture, and for whatever purpose applied
the material is extremely handsome, substantial, and warm.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN UTILIZING THE SAPONACEOUS MATTERS CONTAINED IN THE WASTE WATERS OF WOOLLEN AND OTHER MANUFACTORIES
Year: 1853

page_text: Eugéne Pechoin Barades at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 31st October 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
We, CELESTIN PECHOIN, Chymist, and EUGENE PECHOIN BARADES,
Soap Manufacturer, both of La Chapelle St. Denis, in the Empire of
France, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN UTILIZING THE SAPONACEOUS MATTERS CONTAINED IN THE
WASTE WATERS OF WOOLLEN AND OTHER MANUFACTORIES" to be as follows:
This Invention consists in a means of extracting saponaceous matters
from the waste waters of wollen and other manufactories, and in re-
converting the same into soap. The product thus extracted may also
be employed in the manuring of land, in the manufacture of gas for
illumination, in the production of a composition for covering roads or
ways, in lubricating machinery, &c.
The saponaceous matters arè obtained by pouring into the said waste
waters hydrate or sulphate of lime, by which means a soap of lime is

page_text: precipitated. This process, which is based upon the well known principle
that earthy and metallic salts will precipitate soap from its solutions,
differs from other processes based upon the same principle in the
employment of substances which are cheap and easily procurable, in
place of the more costly substances (such as alum and hydrochlorate of
lime) usually employed, and of which a large quantity is required. In
order to convert the soap of lime thus produced into ordinary soap it
must be treated with an alkaline carbonate.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF DRAIN PIPES
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Frederick Shoe-
bridge at the Oflice of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 31st May 1853.
I, WILLIAM FREDERICK SHOEBRIDGE, of Thames Cottage, East
Greenwich, in the County of Kent, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF DRAIN
PIPES to be as follows:-
Heretofore in manufacturing and applying of earthenware and other
drain pipes it has been usual to make them without opening from end
to end, excepting for junctions; hence when any part of a drain is
stopped or supposed to be stopped there is no means of ascertaining
the state of the interior of a drain in any locality, or of clearing it in
the event of stoppage or accumulation therein, without breaking a pipe
or raising two or more of them. Now my Invention consists of
making openings with suitable covers in drain pipes, which, being laid
down in known localities, can be got at, and the state of the interior
of the drain ascertained, with facility, and impediments removed, if any.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUPPLYING WATER TO TOWNS OR OTHER PLACES
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward White at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
May 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, EDWARD WHITE, of Ipswich, in the County of Suffolk, Surveyor,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUPPLYING WATER TO TOWNS OR OTHER PLACES" to
be as follows:-
The present system is defective in many instances, of which is that
a large per-centage of air is conveyed through the pipes, &c. I propose
to effect a total discharge of air therefrom, and to have a supply of
water constantly at hand for supply pipes, so that the summit level (the
level of the reservoir) is maintained throughout. This I propose to
make apparent by the introduction of water guages or indexes.
I propose to construct "arteries" or arterial mains force from
angles or obstructions, so as to insure immediate dissemination. I
propose that my supply pipes shall not come in contact with each

page_text: other, but be supplied themselves by feeding tanks and shells of
proper capacities to suit local circumstances. I do not intend to
subvert or displace the present system where it exists, except at certain
intervals, say, at the intersection of streets, where my improvements
could be effectually introduced.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS FOR YACHTING AND GENERAL PURPOSES
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Patrick Francis Flanagan
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 8th April 1853..
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, PATRICK FRANCIS FLANAGAN, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Hat Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS FOR
YACHTING AND GENERAL PURPOSES" to be as follows. This Invention
relates to an improved construction of hats for yachting and general
purposes; the body of the hat is composed of Brazillian chip, which
is covered with calico, and afterwards varnished or japanned. The
main feature of this Invention being the varnishing or japanning of the
covers of such hats after they have been fitted to the body of the hat.
By this system the hats are rendered more thoroughly waterproof, and
more pleasing in general appearance.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING AND FILTERING RESIDUOUS WATER
Year: 1853

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed
with the application for Letters Patent was not given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Dinning and William
Inglis at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 21st December 1858.
We, JAMES DINNING and WILLIAM INGLIS, both of the Town and
County of Southampton, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING AND FILTERING
RESIDUOUS WATER" to be as follows (that is to say) :-
Our said apparatus, which is applicable to the purifying & filtering
of all residuous water that has been used in ordinary washing, or for
other general purposes, in order to render it fit to be again employed,
is particularly calculated for use on board ships and vessels, and in other
situations where it may be desirable to diminish the consumption of
water; to effect which object, we cause the water that has been used,
for example, in the washing stands of a ship, to be collected in a tank,

page_text: or series of tanks, where it will stand a sufficient time to enable the
impurities which it holds in solution to be precipitated by a chemical
agent supplied in proper quantities; the water this purified, and leaving
its sediment at the bottom of the tank or tanks, will then be carried
through a pipe or pipes, provided with stop cocks, into a reservoir pro-
vided with a filtering apparatus, which is composed of one or more
tubes or cylinders of fine wire gauze or other substance adapted for
straining, and through the intervals of the said tubes or cylinders, and
will thence run-off through a filter pipe fitted with .n
sponge in the
ordinary manner, and be carried, when thus filtered, into another
tank or series of tanks conveniently placed for receiving it, from which
it may be drawn off for subsequent use when required.
We claim the general construction and arrangement of the appa-
ratus above described for purifying & filtering water which has been
employed in washing, and for other general purposes, so as to render it
fit for new employment.
IMPROVEMENTS IN REAPING MACHINERY
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Purser Vaile at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st August 1853.
(fur fo)
I, HENRY PURSER VAILE, of Claydon Farm, Ashchurch, near Tewkes-
bury, Farmer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN REAPING MACHINERY" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of applying a series of circular rotatory
cutters, by preference with serrated edges, in such manner that they
rotate in different planes, and so as to overlap cach other; these cutters
act independently of each other, and are driven by bands or suitable
gearing; and in order to guide the crop up to the cutters fixed projec-
tions or fingers are used forward of the cutters. The frame which
carries these cutters is made to rise and fall to accommodate for the
inequalities of the land. The crop as it is cut is moved to one side by
an endless band. Motion is communicated to the several parts by
gearing from the main wheel or axle of the carriage.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR EXCAVATING
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry McFarlane at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 10th February 1853.- A communication.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.
I, HENRY MCFARLANE, of Lawrence Lane, in the City of London,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR EXCAVATING" to be as follows: -
This Invention consists of a combination of mechanical apparatus
to excavate on land, and also when below the water. When in-
tended for excavating on land, the apparatus is combined with a
suitable truck or carriage to receive the excavated soil, and when
the excavation is below the water the apparatus is combined with a
large or other suitable receiving vessel floating on the water.
The excavating apparatus consists of a cylinder capable of being
inclined at any desired angle, and of being caused to revolve at that
angle. The cylinder is supported by a suitable frame at the side of
the carriage or vessel with which it is combined. The driving
shaft has a suitable universal joint to enable the parts of it to stand
at an angle to each other, and to revolve when so circumstanced.
The upper end of the excavating cylinder is open, and rises above

page_text: the side of the carriage or vessel into which the excavated soil is to
be delivered. The cylinder is partly open at its lower or outer end,
and the edge of this opening forms the cutting edge, and from this
cutting edge a spiral inclined plane rises up, which the soil, as it is
cut by the outer edge, rises, and thus is the excavated soil raised
into the carriage or vessel.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN ABDOMINAL SUPPORTERS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 28th May 1858.-A communication.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of the firm of Robertson, Brooman,
and Company, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent; do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN ABDOMINAL SUPPORTERS" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in abdominal supporters. The
improvements consist in the manner of constructing and applying the
pressure of the pads. These pads are constructed of horn, shell, wood,
or other liko material, and are not stuffed or cushioned. The spring
braces are so applied as to produce a proper elevation of the bowels
for the relief of the abdominal muscles, the resistance at the back being
sustained or rather distributed over several points, care being taken to
avoid pressure on the spine.
The following is a description of the method of constructing and ap-
plying the supporter-At a, a, (Figure 1, of the Drawings annexed,)
are two curved pieces of steel forming springs, which are bent in such

page_text: a manner as to ride over the hips and follow the curvature of the body.
they are cushioned on the inside to prevent the edges chafing the skin.
b, is the supporting pad, which is held to an adjustable cross bar having
links, by which it may be opened or closed to adapt it to various
wearers, the ends of the bar being fastened to the steel pieces a, as
shown.
In order to give the proper angle to the pad, so that it may follow
the curvature of the lower part of the bowels, an elliptical spring c,. is
combined with the steel strap, by which it is held to the adjustable
cross piece. This tends to keep the supporter down, and allows the
abdomen to rest upon it, thereby raising or keeping the abdomen up.
As this pressure is transmitted to the steel springs a, they must be
prevented from dragging upon the hips and drawing the spine, as it
were, over, and producing a sensation of fatigue instead of rest. To
avoid this the back is made to take the strain at several points, so dis-
tributed that the adjustment will be retained in every position, as
represented at f, and g, Fig. 1. It will be seen that the tendency of
the two pads f, is to act as a lever (the pad g, being the fulcrum) to raise
up the front pad b, and give the proper support.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PRE- SERVING BUTTER AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Cowper at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 31st January 1853. A communication.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, CHARLES COWPER, of 20, Southampton Buildings, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PRE-
SERVING BUTTER AND OTHER SUBSTANCES" being a communication from
Jean François Nicolas Bréon, of Paris, in France, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the application of an aqueous solution
of carbonic acid, commonly called aerated water, or of substances
capable of evolving carbonic acid, such as bicarbonate of soda or
other carbonates, or bicarbonates mixed with tartaric acid or other
acids, so that in all cases carbonic acid is the preservative agent.
The substance to be preserved is placed in a vessel, and covered with
a solution of carbonic acid, and the vessel is then closed in an air-
tight manner. Instead of the solution of carbonic acid or aerated
water, the vessel may be filled with water, to which is added a suffi.

page_text: cient quantity of bicarbonate of soda and tartaric acid, or other
materials capable of evolving carbonic acid.
The process is applicable to meat, fish, and a variety of other
substances.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Houston at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
March 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
J, JAMES HOUSTON, of Dunfermline, in the County of Fife, North
Britain, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the so arranging the harness and weaving
details of figuring looms that they may work without the use of the
ordinary leaden or other metal weights commonly adopted for keeping
a uniform even strain upon the cords or harness. This improvement is
effected by connecting the lines of the harness to any convenient bracket
or fixed detail of the framing, through the intervention of separate
strips or cords of india-rubber or other similar clastic material, so that
the required uniform strain is kept up throughout the harness, and a
free elastic movement is secured without the use of any loose pendant
weights. The arrangement may be modified in various ways so long
as this system of elastic connection is retained, the object being to
secure economy in the fittings and a superior action in weaving.