A New Direct Dyeing Yellow Colour for Cotton, and the Process for its Manufacture.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Mar., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 20th Dec., 1894-Accepted, 26th Jan., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New Direct Dyeing Yellow Colour for Cotton, and the Process
for its Manufacture.
We, BROOKE, SIMPSON AND SPILLER. LIMITED, of Atlas Works, Hackney
Wick, in the County of Middlesex, Aniline Dye Manufacturers, and ARTHUR
GEORGE GREEN, F.I.C., F.C.S., Chemist to the said Brooke, Simpson and Spiller,
Limited, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to the production of a new yellow colouring matter, which
dyes cotton direct, and is based upon the discovery we have made that the methylene
derivatives of primuline and its homologues are yellow, direct cotton dyeing dye
stuffs, of greater tinctorial power than the said primuline itself.
The said dye stuffs are obtained by condensing primuline with formaldehyde, the
reaction being performed in an acid aqueous solution, or in a concentrated sulphuric
acid solution.
The following examples are given as illustrations of the process employed in
carrying our invention into practice.
1. 100 lbs. of the sodium salt of ordinary primuline is dissolved in 300 gallons
of hot water,
gallons of an aqueous 40 per cent. solution of formaldehyde is then
added and the solution is acidified with 2 gallons of muriatic acid (30% HCI.).
The mixture is kept at a temperature of from 70° to 80° C. for several hours until
a sample taken from it no longer gives a red colour on the addition of a nitrite and
solution of betanapthol.
The precipitated sulphonic acid is brought into solution by the cautious addition
of caustic soda, and the colouring matter is precipitated with common salt, filtered
off, pressed and dried.
II. 2 gallons of a 40 per cent. aqueous solution of formaldehyde is added to a
solution of 100 lbs. of primuline acid in 500 lbs. of concentrated sulphuric acid of
specific gravity 1.84. The mixture is kept at a temperature of from 80° to 90° C.
for about 24 hours.
The melt is then poured into water, and the precipitated sulphonic acid is filtered
off, washed with water till free from sulphuric acid, neutralized with caustic sola,
and the solution thus formed is evaporated to dryness.
The colouring matter obtained by either of the above processes, which as before
mentioned are given as examples of our invention, dyes cotton direct from a neutral
or alkaline salt bath, a very bright greenish yellow.
Dated this 20th day of March 1894.
AMBROSE MYALL,
2, Lancaster Place, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: A New Direct Dyeing Yellow Colour for Cotton, and the Process
for its Manufacture.
We, BROOKE, SIMPSON AND SPILLER, LIMITED, of Atlas Works, Hackney
Wick, in the County of Middlesex, Aniline Dye Manufacturers, and ARTHUR
GEORGE GREEN F.I.C., F.C.S., Chemist to the said Brooke, Simpson and
Spiller, Limited, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to the production of a new yellow colouring matter, which
dyes cotton direct, and is based upon the discovery we have made, that the
methylene derivatives of primuline and its homologues are yellow, direct cotton
dyeing dye-stuffs, of greater tinctorial power than the said primuline itself.
The said dye-stuffs are obtained by condensing primuline with formaldehyde, the
reaction being performed in an acid aqueous solution, or in a concentrated sulphuric
acid solution.
The following examples are given as illustrations of the process employed in
carrying our invention into practice, but the said examples do not necessarily
comprise all possible modes of effecting the said process.
I. 100 lbs. of the sodium salt of ordinary primuline is dissolved in 300 gallons
of hot water, 2 gallons of an aqueous 40 per cent. solution of formaldehyde is then
added and the solution is acidified with 2 gallons of muriatic acid (30% HCI).
The mixture is kept at a temperature of from 70° to 80° C. for several hours until
a sample taken from it no longer gives a red colour on the addition of a nitrite and
an alkaline solution of betanaphthol.
The precipitated sulphonic acid is brought into solution by the cautious addition
of caustic soda, or other suitable alkali, and the colouring matter is precipitated
with common salt, filtered off, pressed and dried.
II. 2 gallons of a 40 per cent. aqueous solution of formaldehyde is added to a
solution of 100 lbs. of primuline acid in 500 lbs. of concentrated sulphuric acid of
specific gravity 1.84. The mixture is kept at a temperature of from 80° to 90° C.
for about 24 hours.
The melt is then poured into water and the precipitated sulphonic acid is filtered
off, washed with water till free from sulphuric acid, neutralized with caustic soda,
or other suitable alkali, and the solution thus formed is evaporated to dryness.
The colouring matter obtained by either of the above processes, which as before
mentioned are given as examples of our invention, has a special affinity for
unmordanted cotton and dyes it direct from a neutral, or alkaline salt bath, a very
bright greenish yellow.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim, is :-
1. In the process for the production of a new yellow colouring matter, having a
special affinity for unmordanted cotton, the treatment of primuline with formaldehyde,
substantially as set forth.
2. In the process for the production of a new yellow colouring matter, having a
special affinity for unmordanted cotton, the condensation of primuline with
formaldehyde in an acid aqueous solution, substantially as set forth.
3. In the process for the production of a new yellow colouring matter, having a
special affinity for unmordanted cotton, the condensation of primuline with
formaldehyde in a concentrated sulphuric acid solution, substantially as set forth.

page_text: 4. The herein described process for the production of a new yellow colouring
matter, having a special affinity for unmordanted cotton, consisting in adding to an
aqueous solution of primuline an aqueous solution of formaldehyde, acidifying the
mixture with muriatic acid, heating the said mixture, dissolving the precipitated
sulphonic acid by a suitable alkali, and finally precipitating the colouring matter,
substantially as set forth.
5. The herein described process for the production of a new yellow colouring
matter, having a special affinity for unmordanted cotton, consisting in adding an
aqueous solution of formaldehyde to a solution of primuline in concentrated
sulphuric acid, heating the mixture, neutralizing the precipitated sulphonic acid
with a suitable alkali, and finally precipitating the colouring matter, substantially
as set forth.
6. As a new article of manufacture, a yellow colouring matter, obtained by the
process herein described, and having a special affinity for unmordanted cotton,
substantially as set forth.
Dated this 20th day of December 1894.
AMBROSE MYALL,
2, Lancaster Place, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.