A New or Improved Gas Heating Burner for Incandescent .Lighting.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Apr., 1896-Accepted, 6th June, 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Gas Heating Burner for Incandescent
.Lighting.
I EMIL ERNST of No. 10 II. Maybachplatz in Friedenau Germany, Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and' by the following
statement:―
My invention relates to a gas heating burner which is particularly adaptable for
the purposes of incandescent lighting. This 'burner produces a still and noiseless
flame of large area and high temperature. A still burning flame can only be
obtained when there is continuously fed at each part of the mouth of the burner a
constant volume of a mixture of gas and air in constant proportions These
proportions may vary to a great extent but they should preferably be such as to
reach the highest temperature of combustion, whence the necessity of the gas
issuing from the gas pipe carrying away with it towards the top of the burner a
constant volume of air independently of the heat produced. But even when the
openings in the gas outlet pipe are adjusted as accurately as practicable, the
mixture of gas and air does not remain uniform as its composition generally varies
perpendicularly to the axis of the burner, there occurring alternately portions
having the right proportions mixed with others containing either too small or
too large a quantity of gas. The first produce an imperfect combustion, while the
latter give rise to small explosions producing the disagreeable hissing and
crackling noises of the flames of ordinary Bunsen's burners. Hence in order to
ensure a perfect mixing of gas and air, a suitable regulating device is of paramount
importance. Such a device is constructed according to my invention in the
following manner that is to say: The gas issuing from the gas pipe sucks air in the
ordinary way in the exhaust chamber D, this air gaining on its way through
the tube R the same speed as the gas. As the mixture is heated the gases expand,
such expansion necessitating a corresponding enlargement of the tube, wherefor the
next mixing chamber receives a conical shape allowing sufficient room for a cone I
suspended to a cross pin (not shown) and forming a circular passage for the
mixture. The top of the burner A has a cylindrical form, the cylinder e being
smooth inside as well as outside. The top A is entirely open inside and is enlarged
opposite the conical part of K.
The mixture entering below at R ascends to the top A of the burner which is
covered with wire gauze and is provided with a flame divider d. To ensure
however the uniformity of the mixture there is arranged in the cone K that is to
say in the part in which the mixture would be acted upon, a mixing device of
suitable form which must neither choke the burner nor retain particles of dust
while it can be readily cleaned when needed by blowing through it.
In accordance with this invention I provide concentric spirals a 6 arranged one
within the other, the inner spiral having left handed convolutions while the outer
spiral has right handed convolutions or vice versa. The ascending inner current of
gas is thus caused to twirl in a left sense while the likewise ascending outer current
of air is caused to twirl to the right. It will thus be seen that a thorough inter-
mixing of the fluids take place. The gas and air as they whirl along enter the
enlarged space of A where their ascent is forcibly retarded, but they continue
whirling in a horizontal direction, the two fluids being still further intermixed.
It is obvious that the spirals a and b could likewise be arranged one behind the
other.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. A gas heating burner particularly adaptable to incandescent lighting wherein
the mixture of gas and air ascends from the tubular mixing chamber R into the
conical tube K formed by the aid of the cone I into a circular space wherein the
gas molecules are set in rotation completing such rotation in the following
enlargement of the burner top A in which the mixture becomes thoroughly
intimate, substantially as herein described and shown.
2. In burners of the kind above claimed a mixing contrivance consisting of two
or more spirals arranged one inside or behind the other and the convolutions of
which have opposite directions for the purpose of setting the molecules of the
mixture rotating or whirling in opposite senses, substantially as herein described
and shown.
Dated this 17th day of April 1896.
DE KATOW & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.