IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WINDOW SASHES AND SASH FRAMES, AND IN THE ARRANGEMENT OF ROLLER BLINDS THERETO
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Bullivant, of Ledbury Road, in the County
of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OF WINDOW SASHES AND SASH FRAMES, AND IN THE ARRANGEMENT OF ROLLER
BLINDS THERETO."
Sealed the 14th June 1867, and dated the 31st January 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Bullivant at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
31st January 1867.
I, THOMAS BULLIVANT, of Ledbury Road, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF WINDOW SASHES AND SASH FRAMES, AND IN THE ARRANGEMENT OF
ROLLER BLINDS THERETO," to be as follows (that is to say) :-
My Invention has reference to the construction and arrangement of sliding
sashes and sash frames, and in the adaptation of roller blinds thereto, with the
view of rendering the sashes air-tight and easily removed for being cleaned or
otherwise, and preventing any rattling or shaking of the same, also in fitting
the said roller blinds within the head of sash frames so as to protect the said
blinds from dust or dirt when not in use, and consists in forming the said
sliding sashes and sash frames with flush joints provided with, vertical slots in
which metallic guides attached to the pulley cords and weights on each side.
of the frame are caused to work in such manner as to admit of the removal of .

page_text: the sashes when required through the medium of plate and stud fastenings
secured thereto, the said metallic guides being coated with flexible material for
preventing draught or otherwise. By the above arrangement the inner beading
and parting bead together with the outside linings of the sash as at present
are dispensed with; in connection with the above a cavity or box formed at
the head of the said sash framing for receiving the roller blind aforesaid is
provided, together with an opening formed between the top panel and the front
moulding through which the blind is drawn up and down.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Bullivant in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
26th July 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
BULLIVANT, of Ledbury Road, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, tho
said Thomas Bullivant, Her special licence that I, the said Thomas Bullivant,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Thomas Bullivant, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man; an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WINDOW SASHES AND SASH FRAMES, AND IN
THE ARRANGEMENT OF ROLLER BLINDS THERETO," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Thomas Bullivant, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Bullivant, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say) :-

page_text: My Invention has reference to the construction and arrangement of sliding
sashes and sash frames, and in the adaptation of roller blinds thereto, with
the view of rendering the sashes air-tight and preventing any rattling or
shaking of the same, as also readily removed for being cleaned or otherwise,.
and in fitting roller blinds within the head of the said sash frames so as to
protect the blinds from dust or dirt when not in use; and consists in forming
the sash frames with vertical metallic grooves or otherwise in pulley, styles in,
which metallic guides attached to the pulley cords and weights on each side
of the said frames are caused to work in such manner as to admit of the
sashes aforesaid being taken out and replaced when required through the
medium of fixing screws inserted within the sash style, flexible material being
employed for covering the said metallic guides so as to give a smoother 'sliding
action to the window sashes, and also to shut out the draught.. By these
arrangements the inner beading and parting bead, together with the projecting:
outside linings of the sash frame as at present, are dispensed with, a box or.
cavity in connection with the above being formed at the head of the said
sash frames for receiving the roller. blind and sash pulleys aforesaid, a space-
opening between the moveable head and front moulding being left for the
blind to pass through when being drawn up or down..
And in order that my said Invention may be more fully understood and
readily carried into effect, I now proceed to describe it by the aid of the
accompanying Drawings, reference being had to the letters and figures.
thereon marked (that is to say),:-
Fig. 1. represents a front elevation partly in section of a window upon my
improved principle of construction, shewing the position and arrangement of.
the metallic guides and the manner of securing the same; Fig. 2, transverse
section through the frame shewing sash styles and mode: of: enclosing roller.
blind; Fig. 3, elevation of pulley style detached representing the arrangement
of pocket piece and pulleys; Fig. 4, top or plan view of sash with part of
pulley style; Fig. 5, underneath view of same; Fig. 6, side view of one of
the metallic guides separately shewn.. In each Figure the same letters of
reference denote similar corresponding parts..
A, A, window sashes; B, B, sash frames; C, C, pulleys; D, D, pulley
styles; E, E, metallic guides inserted within the sash styles on each side
thereof through the medium of a plough groove, or mortice formed therein;.
F, F, fixing plates securing the said metallic guides to the window sashes by:
which the same are removed for being cleaned or otherwise; G, G, tooth and
catch fastening for retaining the metallic guides in position; H, H, shifting.
screws for fixing the said metallic guides to the sashes or enabling the same.

page_text: to be removed when required; I, I, flexible covering of leather or other suit-
able material surrounding the metallic guides for the purpose of facilitating
the working of the same within the vertical pulley style grooves J, J, and
rendering the window air-tight; K, K, lines or cords secured to the upper
portion of the metallic guides through the medium of drilled holes K', K', for
hanging the sashes; L, L, moveable pocket piece for the
of inserting
purpose
or removing the sash weights; M, M, screws for fixing the pocket piece;
N', N', N', N', elastic material inserted in manner shewn for securing the
meeting rails and top and bottom of sashes against draught, moisture, or
otherwise; 0, 0, sash weights; P, P, moveable head to sash frame; Q, Q,
flush bolts for securing the same; R, R, strengthening piece attached to the
moveable head; S, S, linen blind; T, T, blind lath with tassel suspended;
U, U, spring roller upon which the said linen blind is wound; V, V, fixing
for same; W, W, space opening through which the blind is drawn up or
down; X, X, box heads.
In conclusion to the foregoing description it may be here necessary to note
that I cause the said roller blind to be fitted within the box head for the
--to be packed or stowed away when not in use,
purpose of enabling the
and at the same time prese:
the room, so that on withdraw
re compact and finished appearance within
the inner flush bolts from the framing the
moveable head acting on hinges formed by the outer flush bolts enable the
same to be opened or closed at pleasure, and the blind packed up or removed
as may be found desirable.
And I would further note that in order to take out the sashes for cleaning
the windows or otherwise the fixing screws have first to be withdrawn; the
metallic guides are thereby unfastened and allowed to drop into the plough,
groove, or cavity in the sash style in which they are held; the metallic guides
are then removed from the pulley style grooves in which they work, and left
hanging from the cords until again required to be replaced and secured as
before described. Upon the above principle windows of all denominations
may be fitted up and employed either in connection with the box_head system
above described or otherwise independently of the same.
And I would again further note that I cause the said pulleys to be set back
so as to admit of the face of the pulley style being fixed in a line with the
back of the grooves, by which arrangement the lines are partly obscured,
thereby giving a much neater appearance to the window.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of this my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed and carried
into effect, I would have it clearly understood that I do not intend to confine

page_text: myself to the precise details herein-before set forth and described, as the same
may be otherwise varied without departing from the general principle of this
my said Invention; nor do I claim as new and of my said Invention the
exclusive use of the several parts, combinations, and processes, except when
the same are employed in and for the purposes of my said Invention, which I
hereby declare to consist in the construction and mode of hanging sashes
through the medium of covered metallic guides and grooves in the pulley
style conjointly with the employment of the box head for containing the
roller blind in the manner and for the purposes herein-before set forth and
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Bullivant, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this 26th day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
5 Witness,
THOMAS BULLIVANT. (L.S.)
WALTER TURNER,
Clerk to Messrs. Weatherdon & Co.,
77, Chancery Lane.