An Improved Method of and Apparatus for Spiral Turning.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Sept., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 20th July, 1889-Accepted, 14th Sept., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method of and Apparatus for Spiral Turning.
I, ELLIS CUTLAN, of Everleigh House, Everleigh Street in the county of Middlesex,
Builder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in spiral turning whereby 1 can produce
such articles as spiral. balusters, newels and columns in a better manner than
hitherto.
According to this invention I employ what I term a rose cutter mounted on a
fixed spindle and revolved at the required speed by a band from the motive power or
other wise. The material to be operated upon is placed in a lathe the poppet heads
of which are connected together and adapted to be travelled along the lathe bed so.
that the material to be operated upon is both revolved and carried longitudinally
against the revolving cutter. By this arrangement the cutter works with the grain
of the wood when the material operated on is wood and a smoother cut is produced
than hitherto.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method of and Apparatus for Spiral Turning.
I, ELLIS CUTLAN, of Everleigh House, Everleigh Street, in the county of
Middlesex, Builder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the, samo is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in spiral turning, whereby I can produce
such articles, as spiral balusters, newels and columns in a better manner than
hitherto.
In the accompanying drawings:-
Figure 1 is an elevation of apparatus constructed according to my invention; and,
Figure 2 is a plan of the same.
Figure 3 is a section on the line x x of figure 1.
Figures 4 and 5 are elevations of opposite sides of the cutter, which I uso in
conjunction with my improved apparatus.
Figure 6 is a plan; and,
Figure 7 is a sectional elevation of the same.
Figure S represents a portion of a spiral baluster, the groove in which, has been
formed by means of the said cutter.
Figures 9 and 10 are a vertical section and face view respectively of a dividing
plate, for use in conjunction with my improved spiral turning apparatus, the said
plate serving to enable any required number of spirals to be formed at equal distances
apart.
Figures 11 to 14 are details of the same.
arrange
Similar reference letters indicate similar parts throughout the drawings.
Referring to figures 1, 2 and 3, a is the bed of the machine, upon which 1
fast and loose head stocks b and c respectively, similar to those of an ordinary lathe,
for the purpose of holding the material to be operated upon. The spindle of the
head-stock c, instead of being operated by a hand-wheel, is operated by a handle c¹

page_text: having a spring pawl or catch e², which engages with teeth e³ in a quadrantal rack c¹.
The spindle of the head-stock b is operated by a hand-wheel d through the medium
of change-wheels e, f and g, the said hand-wheel also serving to revolve a leading
screw for the purpose of moving a saddle i, by means of a nut i¹, along the top of
the bed a the said saddle having a slide rest j for carrying the cutter k. The
slide-rest slides in the upper part of the saddle i, a hand-wheel and screw j
serving to so actuate it.
The cutter which I employ, (which I term a rose-cutter) and which is shewn
clearly in figures 4 to 7, is formed with an opening to allow the shavings cut off to
pass freely away. ², are the cutting edges, which are made upon opposite sides,
so that, as the cutter revolves, both edges serve to cut the material. It will be
observed, however, that the cutting edge is shorter than the cutting edge ²; this
is so made, for the reason that it is necessary one of the cutting edges should extend
from the centre of the cutter; if the other cutting edge were made the same, the
said cutting edges would meet at the said centre and thus leave no material to
afford strength. In some cases I find it advantageous to use a single cutter, that is
to say, a cutter having only one edge k² or k³.
The cutter is provided with a shank, which is fixed by a screw ³ to a spindle j",
mounted in bearings on the slide-rest j and revolved by means of a pulley 7 driven
by a belt, from any suitable motor, in the direction of the arrows figures 1, 2 and 3.
The material is supported by means of a recessed block m, fixed to a plate m¹
having pins m² fitting into sockets m³, attached to the bed a by bolts and nuts m¹
and m³, respectively.
Upon the top of the material opposite the cutter I also arrange another block n
which is pivotted to one end of a lever n fulcrummed in a bracket o, the other end
of the said lever working through a guide-slot o¹ in an arm o², integral with the said
bracket, and attached to the said arm by a spring o³.
The two blocks m and n thus serve to hold the material firmly, whether parallel or
taper, while being operated upon by the cutter k.
By this arrangement of apparatus, if the cutter, be revolved at a suitable speed
and advanced so as to cut into the material to the required depth, and the hand-
wheeld be, then revolved in the direction of the arrows figures 1 and 2, the cutter
will be caused to move along towards the headstock b, and will cut a spiral groove in
the said material similar to that shewn in figure 8.
It will be obvious that I can make the cutting edges of the cutter of a shape other
than that shewn, without departing from the principle of the construction of the
said cutter.
When turning more than one spiral groove in one piece of material I employ the
dividing plate, shewn in figures 9 and 10. This plate consists of a disc p having a
spring-key g, which can engage with either one of two or more equidistant notches?
in a ring located in a recess in the disc p, the said ring being shewn in section and
end elevation at figures 11 and 12 respectively. Within the said ring is located a
rings, provided with a series of spikes s¹ which enter and hold the material in which
the spirals are to be turned. The rings is shewn in section and end elevation
respectively in figures 13 and 14, and is provided with a projections, which engages
with a recess in the ring 1, so that, if the ring be turned in the disc p, the said
rings together with the material to be turned will turn with it.
By, this arrangement, if it be required to turn four spirals, the ring 1 having four
notches, as shewn, must be used, so that, when one spiral has been turned, the spring-
key must be disengaged from the one notch and the said ring turned round, so that
the said key can engage with another notch, when another spiral can be turned and
so on. It will be obvious that, in order to turn any other number of equidistant
spiral grooves, rings must be used, having a number of notches corresponding to
the number of spirals to be turned. If I wish to form straight instead of spiral
grooves, I simply move the cutter relatively to the work without imparting rotary
motion to the latter.

page_text: I wish it understood that I do not confine my invention to the arrangement of
parts hereinbefore described, as it is obvious the same can be varied, for instance,
instead of moving the cutter relatively to the work, 1 can fix the cutter in a stationary
rest and move the work relatively thereto.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
(1) The method of turning spirals, cutting grooves and the like, consisting in the
employment of a rotary cutter, the axis of which is at right angles to the axis of the
material wherein the groove is to be formed, and the axial section of which cutter
corresponds with the shape of such groove, substantially as described.
(2) The use for cutting spiral and other grooves of the improved rose cutter, the
shape of the cutting edges of which corresponds with the shape of the groove to be
cut, and which is formed with an opening to allow the escape of chips or shavings,
substantially as described.
(3) The use in a machine of the kind hereinbefore described for cutting spiral and
other grooves, of the dividing apparatus for enabling two or more equidistant spirals
or grooves to be formed on a single piece of wood or the like, substantially as
described with reference to figures 9 to 12 of the drawings.
(4) The improved apparatus for holding the work steadily during the formation of
spirals or grooves therein, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in
the accompanying drawings.
,
(5) The manufacture and use of the improved apparatus hereinbefore described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
הנגב
Doll 1
1
1000
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.