IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR ROASTING COFFEE, COCOA, AND OTHER VEGETABLE MATTERS, AND FOR COOLING THE SAME WHEN ROASTED
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Samuel Braden, of High Street,
Islington, in the County of Middlesex, Tea and Coffee Dealer, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR ROASTING COFFEE,
COCOA, AND OTHER VEGETABLE MATTERS, AND FOR COOLING THE SAME
WHEN ROASTED."
Sealed the 31st May 1853, and dated the 8th April 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Samuel
Braden at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 8th April 1853.
I, ALEXANDER SAMUEL BRADEN, of High Street, Islington, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR ROASTING COFFEE, COCOA, AND OTHER VEGETABLE MATTERS,
AN FOR COOLING THE SAME WHEN ROASTED," to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in employing a rotating metal table, revolv-
ing within a suitable case, as the means of communicating heat to
the matters placed thereon to be roasted; the heat being applied to

page_text: such table by gas jets or otherwise; also in employing, in combination
with the above, of suitable rotating stirrers to keep the matters in
motion whilst being roasted; and also to the application of a guide
plate projecting inwards over the table from one side of the open-
ing, in order to aid in discharging the matters when roasted, which
guide, when the direction of rotation of the table is reversed, serves to
conduct the matters off the table away to the cooling apparatus, or
otherwise; and also in employing, for the purpose of cooling the
matters when roasted, a rotating sieve, formed as a table, to receive
the matters from the roasting apparatus; and by its rapid rotary motion
the matters become cooled.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alexander Samuel Braden, in the Great Seal
Patent Office, on the 8th October 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
ALEXANDER SAMUEL BRADEN, of High Street, Islington, in the County
of Middlesex, Tea and Coffee Dealer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the six-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Alexander Samuel Braden, Her
special licence that I, the said Alexander Samuel Braden, my ex-
ecutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Alexander Samuel Braden, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
ROASTING COFFEE, COCOA, AND OTHER VEGETABLE MATTERS, AND FOR COOL-
ING THE SAME WHEN ROASTED," upon the condition (amongst others)

page_text: that I, the said Alexander Samuel Braden, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alexander Samuel Braden, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof (that is to say):
The Invention consists, first, in employing a rotating metal table,
revolving within a suitable case, as a means of communicating heat to
the matters placed thereon to be roasted; the heat to such table being
applied by means of gas jets or otherwise, whilst the matters placed on
such rotating table are kept in motion during the roasting by suitable
stirrers, and are capable of ready removal therefrom, when roasted.
And secondly, the Invention relates to the application of somewhat
similar arrangement of apparatus as a means of cooling the matters
when roasted.
But that the Invention may be fully understood, I will proceed to
describe the means pursued by me.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1, shows a section; Figure 2, an external view; Figure 3, a
plan; and Figure 4, detail views of apparatus according to the first
part of my Invention. a, a, is the case enclosing the table b, upon
which are placed the matters to be roasted. This table is affixed to the
rotating axis c, whose lower end is stepped into the bearing d, and
which, at its upper end, receives support from the bearing e, whilst it
carries the bevilled pinion f, by which it receives rotary motion, such
bevilled piniouf, being taken into by the bevilled pinion g, affixed on
the axis h, which axis is supported in bearings as shown; and the axis
h, receives motion from a steam engine or other power, acting by
means of a strap or band upon the pulley i, affixed thereon. Or the
axis h, may be caused to rotate by means of a handle h', applied as
shewn.

page_text: Upon the axis h, is also affixed the bevilled pinion j, which takes into
and drives the bevilled pinion k, upon the axis k', which is supported so
as to turn in the bearings 1, 1, and carries the arms ², and k, which
are formed as shown, so as to facilitate the stirring of the matters
brought round on the plate or table b. k, k, are other arms from the
axis k', through which are formed holes serving as guides for the pins
m, of the scrapers m¹, which scrapers are formed with edges to clear the
surface of the table, whilst by the pins m, the blades m', may rise and
fall somewhat, and thus compensate for any expansion and contraction
of the metal. n, is the outlet for the matters to pass out from the table
b, when roasted, this outlet having a sliding door or cover n¹, and a
spout or conductor n², by which the matters may be conducted to cooling
apparatus hereafter described, or otherwise, as desired; and o, is a
guide plate, which, when the table is caused to rotate in the direction
of the arrow, tends to throw the matters towards the centre of the
table, and thus facilitate their stirring; but when the direction of
rotation of the table is reversed, the plate o, serves to direct the inatters
away to the opening n. p, is another plate, which, when the table b, is
rotating in the direction of the arrow, tends to throw the matters
outwards towards the stirrers. The lower part p', of this plate p, turns
upon a hinge joint at p², so that when the direction of rotation of the
table p, is reversed, in order to withdraw the matters therefrom after
roasting, or otherwise, that lower portion p', may turn upon its hinge
joint, and then admit of the matters freely passing it. q, is a coil of gas
pipe perforated for jets, which, when lighted, supply heat to the table b.
In place of the heat from the flames of gas being used, charcoal or coal
may be employed, there being suitable flues to conduct away the
products of combustion.
In carrying out the second part of the Invention, for cooling the
matters when roasted, I arrange apparatus as described in respect of
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, except that in place of the axis c, carrying a
heating table, and the application of heat thereto as explained, I apply
to such axis a table formed as a sieve, and I give rotary motion to such
sieve as described in respect of the table b; but I prefer that when used
for cooling purposes, the rotary motion of the table shall be increased.

page_text: I have not thought it necessary to show the apparatus complete, when
used for cooling, the only difference being in the formation of the
rotating table, an arrangement according to which, when employed for
cooling purposes, I have shewn separately in plan and edge view, at
Figures 5, and 6.
When rotary motion is given to the sieve b, air will pass through its
reticulate surface with a tendency to cool the matters placed thereon,
whilst the stirrers, before explained, will tend to keep the matters in
motion, and, if desired, currents of cold air may be caused to flow
through the sieve, and thus facilitate the cooling.
But
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, I would
have it understood that I am aware that it has before been proposed to
arrange apparatus for roasting coffee and other matters, by placing them
upon a stationary table, and giving motion by means of stirrers to the
matters placed thereon. I do not therefore claim the exclusive use of
a table for receiving and holding coffee, cocoa, and other vegetable
matter to be roasted, except when rotary motion is given thereto.
what I do claim is, first, the application of a rotating metal table,
heated by suitable means, and revolving within a suitable case, for the
purpose of roasting coffee, cocoa, and other vegetable matters placed
thereon, and in combination therewith of suitable stirrers, k, l, 1, and
guide plate o, as explained; and secondly, I claim the cooling of coffee,
cocoa, and other vegetable matters, by placing them upon a reticulate
surface, arranged and operated as explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Samuel Braden, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Seventh day of October, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
ALEXANDER SAMUEL BRADEN. (L.S.)
Witness, WILLIAM BROOKES,
73, Chancery Lane, Patent Agent.