Year: 1885

page_text: We ROBERT BRISTOW LEE of 8 Deansgate Manchester in the County of Lancaster
Iron Fence Manufacturer and JAMES HODGSON of Theatre Street Ulverston in the
same County, Colliery Agent do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be
as follows:-
Our said Invention relates to the pillars and columns used in building and for
other purposes and consists in an improved method of construction whereby such
pillars and columns can be easily and cheaply produced. In making a fire-proof
column according to our invention we use a metallic pillar constructed from spiral
coils as described in the specification of Letters Patent N° 4670 of the year 1881
granted to one of us the said Robert Bristow Lee. The said metallic pillar is
formed from spiral coils of flat, round, channel, angle or tubular iron or steel
rivetted together so as to form a cylinder of open trellis work. The interior of
such a cylinder is filled with concrete or other fire-resisting material or compound
the outer portion being also coated with a sufficient thickness of the same or a
similar concrete or material so as to cover and isolate the metallic trellis work
skeleton of the column which thus remains embedded in a cylindrical or other
shaped mass of concrete. The concrete used to form the interior of the pillar may
consist of a coarser grade than the material used for the outer envelope so as to
cheapen the production. A finer outer covering is preferably employed as being
more susceptible of being ground, smoothed, polished, painted, stamped, stencilled
or otherwise finished or treated for decorative, ornamental or imitative effect. The
said outer covering might be composed of a mixture of variously coloured stones
and cement or cements so as to give a certain decorative or imitative effect when
the exterior of the column is finished, polished or otherwise treated. Instead of
filling the interior of the trellis work cylinder with a solid mass of concrete we
may apply an internal lining of a suitable thickness so as to make a hollow column
which would be lighter. We may also use two or more concentric trellis work
cylinders and fill the annular space or spaces between with concrete. Columns
similar in construction might be made square instead of round in which case the
metallic skeleton or skeletons should also be of a square form. The exterior of the
columns might be fluted or moulded either in the course of construction or after-
wards. If desired provision might be made for expansion and contraction of the
column under varying conditions of temperature.
'

page_text: Improvements in the Construction of Fire-proof Pillars and
Columns.
We ROBERT BRISTOW LEE of 8 Deansgate, Manchester in the County of
Lancaster Iron Fence Manufacturer and JAMES HODGSON of Theatre Street,
Ulverston in the same County, Colliery Agent do hereby declare the nature of this
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly.
described and ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying
drawings:-
Our said Invention relates to the pillars and columns used in building and for
other purposes and consists in an improved method of construction whereby such
pillars and columns can be easily and cheaply produced. In making a fire-proof
column according to our invention we use a metallic pillar constructed from spiral
coils as described in the Specification of Letters Patent No 4670 of the year 1881
granted to one of us the said Robert Bristow Lee. The said metallic pillar is
formed from spiral coils of flat, round, channel, angle or tubular iron or steel
rivetted together so as to form a cylinder of open trellis work. The interior of
such a cylinder is filled with concrete or other fire-resisting material or compound
the outer portion being also coated with a sufficient thickness of the same or a
similar concrete or material so as to cover and isolate the metallic trellis work
skeleton of the column which thus remains embedded in a cylindrical or other
shaped mass of concrete. Instead of filling the interior of the trellis work cylinder
with a solid mass of concrete we may apply an internal lining of a suitable
thickness so as to make a hollow column which would be lighter. The exterior of
the column may be polished, painted or otherwise decorated or it might be fluted
or moulded either in the course of construction or afterwards.
And in order that our said invention may be fully understood we will now
proceed more particularly to describe the same reference being had to the annexed
sheet of drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon to be as follows:
Fig. 1 of the said drawings is an elevation of a pillar or column made in
accordance with our said Invention. In the said view a portion of the outer
envelope of concrete or other material is indicated as removed so as to show the
spiral metallic coils a of the metallic skeleton beneath. Fig. 2 is a vertical section
of the column shown at Fig. 1 part of the view showing the outer envelope only
in section the remainder showing the column completely in section. Fig. 3 is a
sectional plan of the column shown by Figs. 1 and 2. In making a column of the
indicated construction we employ as herebefore stated a metallic trellis work pillar
composed of spiral coils a of flat, round, channel, angle or tubular iron or steel
rivetted together as shown so as to form a cylinder of open trellis work. To
strengthen this trellis work cylinder we introduce angle or channel bars a¹ which
are secured in a vertical position by the same rivets which unite the respective
spiral coils a and which help to stiffen the spiral coils. We fill the interior of such
a cylinder with concrete or other fire-resisting material or compound b. so as to
form a solid cylinder of concrete girt round by the spiral coils of metal a composing

page_text: the trellis work pillar. We then coat the exterior of the said cylinder with a
sufficient thickness c. of the same or of a similar concrete or material so as to cover
the metallic coils a of the trellis work cylinder which thus remains embedded in a
cylindrical mass of concrete. The concrete used to form the interior b. of the
column may consist of a coarser grade than the concrete or material used for the
outer envelope c. so as to cheapen production. For the outer envelope c. or for
the finishing coating forming the outer surface of the said envelope we preferably
use of finer material as being more susceptible of being moulded, smoothed,
polished, painted, stamped, stencilled or otherwise finished or treated for decorative,
ornamental or imitative effect. In some cases the said outer covering c. might
consist of a mixture of variously coloured stones and cement or cements so as to
give a certain decorative or imitative effect when the exterior of the column is
finished polished or otherwise treated. Fig. 4 is an elevation partly in section of a
column which is made hollow in the centre for the sake of lightness and cheapness.
In making such a column we introduce a removable core of a diameter equal to the
contemplated hollow space and run the concrete round the said core which is
removed when the concrete is set leaving the hollow space d. The outer envelope c.
is then applied and the column is complete. Instead of using one metallic trellis
work cylinder as described we may use two or more than two such pillars arranged
concentrically and sustained in their relative positions by ties or supports extending
from one to the other. We might also form columns of a triangular square or
polygonal instead of a round section, the metallic trellis work skeleton being either
cylindrical or square or polygonal as desired. In cases where it is found to be
necessary provision may be made for expansion and contraction of the columns
under varying degrees of temperature.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
In the manufacture of fire-proof columns the employment of one or more spirally
coiled metallic trellis-work cylinder or cylinders or structure or structures of a
round, square triangular or polygonal form and acting as a skeleton within and
upon or around which concrete or other fire-resisting or suitable material or
compound is placed or applied the outer surface being preferably made capable of
being treated, decoratively if desired and the whole forming a fire proof column
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying sheet
of drawings.