Improvements in the Construction of the Frames of Safety Bicycles.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 17th Aug., 1889-Accepted. 21st Sept.. 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of the Frames of Safety
Bicycles.
I, WILLIAM HILLMAN of the Premier Works, Coventry in the county of Warwick,
Managing Director of Hillman Herbert and Cooper Limited do hereby declare the
nature of my said invention to be as follows :-
The invention relates to that class of frame known as the diamond shape frame, and
consists in building the same up of trough shaped or crescent section steel such as
that used for the felloes of wheels.
The diamond shaped portion of the frame is formed of four lengths of trough
shaped or felloe steel on each side arranged with the hollows thereof inwards and
nearly meeting at the forward end at the neck to which they are connected whilst
at the rear end those on each sido are connected together at the angle and form
a pair of forks enclosing the wheel between them and carrying at the angle or fork
ends the axle of the driving wheel.
Distance pieces are fixed at intervals between each pair of the front lengths to
strengthen the same.
A cross bar or mud guard connects the top and bottom angles of the diamond
shaped frame by means of H shaped forgings and is made of larger section than
the other parts of the frame. At the lower end the cross bar or mud guard is
fitted with boarings for the crank axle and at the upper end it is carried above
the diamond shaped part of the frame and is swaged into the form of a tube whch
I preferably form at the upper end with lugs held together by a screw bolt to receive
the seat pillar or I otherwise form and fit the upper end of such mud guard to
receive a seat or saddle.
The forward ends of the diamond shaped frame come together and form a pair
of tubes which are passed into holes formed in the neck to receive them.
Instead of using a cross bar or mud guard formed of felloe steel as above described
to connect the upper and lower angles of the diamond shaped frame a tube, a tube
of D or other section may be employed.
Dated this 17th day of November 1888.
WILLIAM HILLMAN.
By Harris & Mills,
28, Southampton Buildings, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of the Frames of Safety
Bicycles.
I WILLIAM HILLMAN of the Premier Works, Coventry in the County of Warwick,
Managing Director of Hillman, Herbert & Cooper Limited, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The invention relates to improvements in the construction of that class of safety
bicycle frame which is known as the diamond shaped frame and consists in building
up such frames of trough shaped or crescent section steel such as that used for the
felloes of wheels.
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1.
represents a side view of a safety bicycle provided with a diamond shaped frame
Di31

page_text: constructed according to my invention. Figure 2 is a sectional plan thereof drawn
on the line 1. 1 of Figure 1. but omitting the brake and spokes and rims of the
wheels.
Figure 3 is a vertical section of front part of diamond shaped frame. Figure 4 is
an elevation (as seen when looking forward) of the front part of frame detached from 5
the back part and from the mud guard. Figure 5 is a plan drawn on the line 2. 2. of
Figure 3. Figure 6 is a plan drawn on the line 3. 3. of Figure 3. and Figure 7 is a
section on the line 4. 4. of Figure 5. Figure 8 is a vertical section of the back part
or forks of the diamond shaped frame.
Figure 9. is a plan of the upper bars thereof and Figure 10. is a sectional plan of
Figure 8 drawn on the line 5.5.
Figures 3 to 10 are drawn to double the scale of Figures 1 and 2.
In all the Figures like parts are indicated by similar letters of reference.
A is the front or steering wheel, B is the rear or driving wheel, C is the crank axle.
Care the cranks, C is the crank chain wheel, (are the pedals, D is the driving
axle, D' is the chain wheel thereon, is the steering head, ¹ is the front fork, F is
the break and break lever, G is one of the steering handles, H is the diamond shaped
frame and 1 is the seat pillar.
The diamond shaped portion of the frame H is formed of four lengths or bars h, h²,
h2, h3, of trongh shaped or felloe steel on each side arranged with the hollows thereof
inwards or towards each other and nearly meeting at the forward end or neck /* to
which they are connected by means of arms H stamped or forged in one piece
with the neck and fitting within the grooves of the bars h, h³, to which they are
brazed. If desired however as described in my provisional specification the forward
ends of the bars h. h³ may be brought together and form a pair of tubes which are
passed into holes formed in the nock to receive them in which case the neck will be
suitably formed and strengthened to receive such tubes. The bars h. are fixed
together in pairs by means of distance pieces * fitting within the hollows thereof and
brazed thereto, by which means rigidity and strength of frame are secured.
The bars are connected together at the upper angle of the frame and to the bars h¹
by means of the forging or stamping / having arms fitting the hollows of the
respective pairs of bars h, h², and brazed thereto. A cross bar or mud guard 4º made
of larger section metal than that used for the bars h, h¹, h³, h³ connects the top and
bottom angles of the diamond shaped frame, by means of the forgings or stampings h³,
10, in the following manner.
The forging or stamping 7 is fitted around and brazed to the cross bar or mud
guard, the forging or stamping 10 has arms " fitting and brazed within the
hollows of the bars and it is formed with arms " fitting around and brazed to the
cross bar or mud guard and the forging or stamping is formed with an arm
fitting within, and brazed to, the cross bar or mud guard hand with arms ¹ fitting
within and brazed to, the hollows of the bars h³.
The forging or stamping " is also formed with a bearing " to carry the pin or
axis of the lug or arm 18 of the crank shaft bearing and with a perforated fug h¹
passes.
through which the chain tension regulating screw or bolt h
The bars h¹ h³ on each side of the frame are connected at the rear end by means of
a forging or stamping " having arms or projections " fitting within and brazed to
the hollows of the bars h¹³ h³.
Thus the bars ¹³ of the diamond shaped frame form a pair of forks which are
connected together on each side by means of the forgings or stampings which are
also formed with bearings " to carry the axle of the driving wheel B.
The upper end of the cross bar or mud guard h is extended beyond the diamond
shaped frame and is forged into the form of a tube and it has brazed thereto at it
upper end a split collar " formed with lugs which are held together by a screw
bolt so as to be capable of receivng and adjustably holding the seat pillar I within th
tube . The upper end of the mud guard or cross bar may however be otherwis
formed or fitted to receive a seat or saddle.

page_text: Instead of using trough shaped or felloe steel in the construction of the cross bar or
mud guard h, a tube of D or other section may be employed. The backward con-
tinuation of the mud guard is attached to the mud guard and to the frame H by a
bolt fixed to such backward continuation; and passing through a hole in the mud
guard or cross bar h and stamping or forging h' and secured thereto by nut j.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In safety bicycles the diamond shaped frame constructed of trough shaped or
felloe_steel substantially as herein shown and described.
2. In the manufacture of the diamond shaped frame of safety bicycles, the com-
bination of pairs of rods or bars h, h¹, h³, h³ of trough shaped or felloe steel,
stampings or forgings to connect them together at the top and bottom angles,
distance pieces and cross bar or mud guard / connected to the top and bottom
forgings or stampings substantially as herein shown and described.
3. In safety bicycles the combination of a diamond shaped frame such as that
described, with an upward extension of the cross bar or mud guard 4° forged into
tubular shape und fitted to receive the pillar or support for the saddle or seat sub-
stantially as herein shown and described.
Dated Anoust 16th 1920
W. HILLMAN.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, Agents.