Improvements in and relating to Steam Boiler and other Furnaces.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Nov., 1893-Accepted, 2nd Dec., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Steam Boiler and other Furnaces.
1, HERMANN WILMS, of 11 Salier Ring, Cologne-on-the-Rhine, in the Empire
of Germany, Merchant and Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to a furnace, more particularly designed for steam boilers,
which has for its object to economically utilize pulverulent, granular and inferior
fuel and waste, and, by continually introducing air under pressure, to produce as
far as practicable a smokeless combustion. In this furnace it is not necessary to use
expensive arrangements for introducing the air under pressure, the chamber which
receives this air being formed directly by the masonry or the walls of the boiler and
a closing plate. The grate consists of single exchangeable fire bars which, being
placed side by side, constitute a very suitable grate surface for pulverulent or
granular fuel. Through the free portion of the grate which consists of fine
openings tapering upwards between the several fire bars, the air under pressure is
conducted to the fuel for the purpose of preventing the grate surface being clogged
up or the fire bars baked together.
In the accompanying drawing illustrating how my invention may be conveniently
carried into practice,
Figure 1 represents a side view of a fire bar.
Figure 1 is a plan showing a set of fire bars.
Figure 1 is a vertical transverse section on the line A-B of Figure 1.
Figure 2 is a transverse section showing the application of my invention to a
heating-tube boiler with external firing.
Figure 3 is a vertical longitudinal section representing how my invention may be
applied to a flue-tube boiler with internal firing.
Figure 4 on the left hand side represents a section on the line C D of Figure 3,
and on the right hand side a front view of the constructional form shown in
Figure 3.
The grate Figures 1, 1 and 1 is composed of single fire bars having upwardly
tapering recesses a which when the fire bars are placed side by side form fine
openings. Nosesc provided on one side of each fire bar engage with depressions d
on the other side of the next fire bar and thus prevent the longitudinal displacement
of the fire bars.
These fire bars are, like an ordinary plane grate, supported by the masonry in
the case of externally fired boilers, as shown in Figure 2, and by the flue tube in
the case of internally fired boilers, as illustrated in Figures 3 and 4. In front
below the grate I provide, as shown in Figure 2, a closing plate e forming a tight
joint with the front plate of the furnace and also with the two sides of the masonry,
which is obtained by simply filling in mortar between the edges of the said plate
and the masonry.
In the internally fired boiler represented in Figure 3 the closing
plate is formed directly by the lower front part e¹ of the flue tube. The fire-
bridge g joins the grate in the known manner and the grate in conjunction with
the said fire bridge and the closing plate e or el divides the combustion chamber
into two compartments E and F situated one above the other, which compartments
communicate with each other only through the openings a and are completely shut
off from the outside. 1 arrange in the front plate a nozzle i wherein a steam
admission pipe k terminates, through which regulated quantities of steam are
injected into the lower compartment E. In this manner atmospheric air is drawn
into the latter compartment, as indicated by arrows in Figure 3, and is forced
through the openings a in the grate. By the current of air the finely divided fuel

page_text: is kept floating at some distance from the grate in the known manner and undergoes
an energetic smokeless combustion.
It will be readily seen that in this arrangement repairs will but rarely be
necessary either for internal firing or for external firing. When this necessity
arises it may easily and cheaply be effected by reason of the exchangeableness of
the fire bars, while the whole furnace can be constructed at a very small cost.
In like manner the operation of this furnace is very simple and economical.
When the fire is first lit in the furnace a better fuel such as coke is put on the
grate and the fire stirred and kept up by blowing in air as above described until it
possesses the necessary energy. Then pulverulent, granular fuel or waste is
introduced and the admission of air is regulated so that the fuel floating above
the surface of the grate is kept in continual motion and undergoes an energetic
combustion.
In the front plate is arranged an ash hole with a door, through which the
ashes may from time to time be removed from the compartment E.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
First. A furnace for pulverulent, granular and inferior fuel or waste, in which a
chamber E situated below the grate and serving for the reception of air under
pressure necessary for the energetic combustion is shut off at the top by the grate h,
at the rear by the fire-bridge g, in front by the plate, and below by a closing plate e
in the case of external firing and by the wall of the flue tube e' in the case of internal
firing, for the purpose of blowing the air from the said chamber through the grate
and keeping the fuel in continual motion above the latter, substantially as herein
set forth.
Second. In the furnace described in the first claim a grate which for facilitating
the cleaning and repair consists of single fire bars having on both sides upwardly
tapering recesses a so that when the fire bars are juxtaposed fine openings are
formed in the grate surface, through which the air under pressure is admitted to
the pulverulent or granular fuel, substantially as herein set forth.
Dated this 1st day of November 1802
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.