IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS FOR EXPRESSING LIQUIDS OR MOISTURE FROM SUBSTANCES
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Jarvis Worssam, of Wenlock Road, City
Road, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS FOR EXPRESSING LIQUIDS OR
MOISTURE FROM SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 20th October 1864, and dated the 23rd April 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Jarvis Worssam
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 23rd April 1864.
I, GEORGE JARVIS WORSSAM, of Wenlock Road, City Road, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS FOR EXPRESSING LIQUIES OR
MOISTURE FROM SUBSTANCES," to be as follows: - .
The object of this Invention is to solidify semi-fluids, hold substances in
suspension, or to purify fluids that their use may materially economise the cost
of working in all cases. The machinery and apparatus are applicable to all
manufactures where semi-fluids are to be dealt with, such as the expression
of water from white lead and colors; expressing and washing tartaric and
other acids or chemicals; expressing the serum from the fibre and albumen of
blood; the water from clay for potters' use, whereby greater toughness is
secured, with a total absence of air, and a great saving of time and fuel; the
water from clay used in the manufacture of porcelain; the water from sewage
matter, whereby a cheap and profitable manure is formed; for expressing the

page_text: water from distillers' spent wash, or from flax refuse; for expressing the water
in the manufacture of starch and starch refuse, or oil from fatty matters; for
reclaiming the soap used in the manufacture of woollens; for expressing the
beer from brewers' yeast; for filtering sugar and other matters requiring
filtration or purifying, and for operating on all opaque liquids and refuse in
manufactures, whereby many substances hitherto valueless are reclaimed; and,
in fine, for the expression of liquid or moisture from any substance capable of
being treated by or with my apparatus hereafter described.
In the Drawings hereunto annexed Figure 1 represents a section of side
elevation, Figure 2 being an end view of the same.
Figure 1 consists as follows:-A, au inner lining or casing of copper, brass,
iron, or any suitable material or wirework, being perforated, grooved, or ribbed
to admit of drainage; B, an outside casing in halves or parts, made of copper,
brass, wirework, or any material suitable for the purpose, being perforated,
grooved, or ribbed to admit of drainage, but I reconimend perforations.
Between the casings A and B I place a cloth or cloths, also wirework if
required, through which the substance to be operated upon is pressed by the
means of a force pump (worked by hand or any other suitable power) feeding
the machine at pipe M ; C, is a cover, with stuffing box; D is also a cover,
with discharge door E, through which the material or matter after being
pressed is forced by the means of the screw or worm G. In some cases it is
necessary to use blades or knives, as shewn on screw G. F is a screw for
fastening door E; Il is a worm wheel fixed on end of screw G; I is a worm
for working worm wheel H; J is a trough made of suitable material, into
which the liquid runs after being pressed; K is a discharge cock for the
same; L, L, are two carriages or standards on which the machine is fixed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Jarvis Worssam in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 21st October 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
JARVIS WORSSAM, of Wenlock Road, City Road, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-third day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the

page_text: said George Jarvis Worssam, Her special licence that I, the said George
Jarvis Worssam, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said George Jarvis Worssam, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS FOR EXPRESSING
LIQUIDS OR MOISTURE PROM SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said George Jarvis Worssam, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing, under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention',
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Jarvis Worssam, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings; that is to say:-
The object of the Invention is to solidify semi-fluids, holding substance in
suspension, or to purify fluids that their use may materially economise the
cost of working in all cases. The machinery and apparatus are applicable to
all manufactures where semi-fluids are to be dealt with, such as the water
from white lead and colours; expressing and washing tartaric and other acid's
or chemicals; expressing the serum from the fibre and albumen of blood; the
water from clay for potters' use, whereby greater toughness is acquired, with à
total absence of air and a great saving of time and fuel; the water from
clay used in the manufacture of porcelain; the water from sewage matters,
whereby a cheap and profitable manure is formed; for expressing the water
from distillers' spent wash or from flax refuse; for expressing the water in
the manufacture of starch and starch refuse, or oil from fatty matters; for
reclaiming the soap used in the manufacture of woollens; for expresing the beer
from brewers' yeast; for filtering sugar, and other matters requiring filtration
or purifying, hitherto valueless, are reclaimed; and, in fine, for the expression
of liquid or moisture from any substance capable of being treated by or with
my apparatus hereafter described.
In the Drawings hereto annexed Fig. 1 represents a section of side
elevation, Fig. 2 being a plan of the same.
Fig. 1 consists as follows:-A is a screw or worm, which is covered with a

page_text: lining or casing B of copper, brass, iron, or any suitable material, or wire-
work, being perforated, grooved, or ribbed to admit of drainage; C is an
outside casing, in halves or parts, made of copper, brass, iron wirework, or any
suitable material for the purpose, being perforated, grooved, or ribbed to
admit of drainage, but I recommend perforating. Between the casings B
and C I place a cloth or cloths, also wirework if required, through which the
substance to be operated upon is pressed by the means of a force pump,
worked by hand or any other suitable power, feeding the machine at pipes
D, D, D, D. E is a cover, with stuffing box and feeding chamber; F is also
a cover, with discharge door G, through which the material or matter after
being pressed is forced by the means of the screw or worm A.
cases it may be necessary to use blades, scrapers, or knives in place of the
screw or worm A, or together with the screw or worm A. H, H, are the
screws for fastening door G; I is a worm wheel fixed on
worm A; J is a worm for working worm wheel I; K is a trough made of
copper or any suitable material, into which the liquid runs after being pressed;
L, L, are the columns on which the machine is fixed.
end of screw or
Having described the nature of my said Invention, and shewn the means by
which the same is carried into practical effect, I would state that I do not
confine myself to the position in which the machine is shown, or to the cylin-
drical form of the same, as in some cases it may be necessary to place the
machine on an incline or horizontal position, and may be of various forms,
such as octagon, square, or angular form. I also claim as my Invention the
use of the screw or worm for discharging the refuse after being pressed in
my machine or apparatus for expressing liquids or moistures from substances
or semi-fluids.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Jarvis Worssam, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
GEORGE JARVIS WORSSAM.
(L.S.)