IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF CASTING IRON CYLINDER OR ANY OTHER CAST-IRON PIECES WITH HARD METALLIC THICKNESS OR WRAPPER, AND SEPARATELY WITH WHITE AND GREY IRON, SO THAT BOTH KINDS OF CASTING ARE STICKING TOGETHER
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jean Gueunier-Lauriac, of the Town of Le Creusot
(Saone et Loire), in the Empire of France, Ironfounder, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF CASTING IRON CYLINDER OR ANY
OTHER CAST-IRON PIECES WITH HARD METALLIC THICKNESS OR WRAPPER, AND
SEPARATELY WITH WHITE AND GREY IRON, SO THAT BOTH KINDS OF CASTING
ARE STICKING TOGETHER."
Sealed the 12th March 1867, and dated the 29th September 1866.]
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jean Gueunier-Lauriac
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 29th September 1866.
I, JEAN GUEUNIER-LAURIAC, of the Town of Le Creusot (Saone et Loire),
in the Empire of France, Ironfounder, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF CASTING IRON CYLINDERS
OR ANY OTHER CAST-IRON PIECES WITH HARD METALLIC THICKNESS OR WRAPPER,
AND SEPARATELY WITH WHITE AND GREY IRON, SO THAT BOTH KINDS OF CASTING ARE
STICKING TOGETHER," to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in casting the cylinders or rollers used in iron
works, as well as any other pieces of cast iron, such as cannons, mortars, or

page_text: columns, by coating them inside or outside with one or several thicknesses of
white or harder metal, whatever may be the shape and size of such pieces;
for instance, for obtaining by this process a large cylinder for a rolling mill it
is at first moulded, as usual, in a suitable moulding sash or frame, and a thick
hollow clay core being placed in the center of the frame the fluid white metal
is poured in; when cold the clay core is removed, and top and bottom pieces
being added to the moulding frame fluid grey metal is poured in, and being
at a white heat it sticks or adheres firmly to the wrapper of white metal first
cast in the mould, which white metal is fit for rolling wrought iron.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jean Gueunier-Lauriac in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 27th March 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JEAN
GUEUNIER-LAURIAC, of the Town of Le Creusot (Seine et Loire), in the
Empire of France, Ironfounder, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Jean Gueunier-Lauriac, Her special licence that I, the said Jean
Gueunier-Lauriac, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Jean Gueunier-Lauriac, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF CASTING IRON CYLINDERS OR ANY OTHER CAST-
IRON PIECES WITH HARD METALLIC THICKNESS OR WRAPPER, AND SEPARATELY WITH
WHITE AND GREY IRON, SO THAT BOTH KINDS OF CASTING ARE STICKING TOGETHER,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Jean Gueunier-Lauriac,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jean Gueunier-Lauriac, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The main object of my Invention is the casting of large solid cylinders for
the rolling mills of iron works, especially those with a smooth surface for rolling
sheet iron.
In order to give a clear and precise idea of my process of moulding and casting
such cylinders or other pieces I will proceed to describe, with references to the
annexed Sheet of Drawings forming part of this my Specification, the practical
means by which I obtain cylinders or any other kind of pieces provided either
outside or inside with one or several metallic thicknesses or wrappers ("white
casting") whatever may be the shape and size of such pieces; for instance,
I will describe how to get a cylinder for rolling sheet iron. The first step
is shewn Figure 1, for moulding and casting the hard outside wrapper A with
white metal. It is to be remarked that the clay stopper B, in the centre of
the moulding frame or sash C, has for special effect to prevent any communi-
cation betwixt the mould and ditch or pit D, intended to receive the core E as
soon as the white wrapper A will be poured into the mould, in order that
without any trouble or loss of time, as shewn Figure 3, the sash F being
taken away, its place may be supplied by the two frames or sashes G and H,
and the sash I is also added to the mould instead of the sash C, which is taken
away. When this second step of the moulding has been effected the central
part of the cylinder is poured in the mould at S with grey metal at the
highest possible degree of heat, in order that the white metal forming the
wrapper A may become liquid to such an extent that when the cylinder is
cool both kinds of metal, white and grey, are so completely adhering to each
other that they form but a single solid body, as shewn in longitudinal section,
Figure 2, and in cross section through the line C¹, D¹, Figure 7. Figure 5
is the top view of the mould ready to pour the melted white metal through
the casting holes a, a; Figure 6 is a cross section through the line A¹, B¹.
In order to get a very sound casting for the wrapper A, I cast it with a runner
or over lump ("masselotte") L, shewn in cross section, Figure 9, which is
broken off before casting the grey metal, Figure 3. In order to facilitate the
breaking off of the over lump L several pieces of sheet iron 6, 6, are placed
in the mould, as shewn, Figure 9. By this process cylinders with hard
surface to be used in rolling mills may be obtained without any increase of
expense, whereas it is difficult and especially very expensive to obtain them
by the process in actual use known as shell casting ("foute en coquille").

page_text: The same cylinder, Figure 4, can be obtained in the same conditions of
adhesion between white and grey castings with wrought-iron axles O, R, by
means of a shaft T, which will be placed in the mould instead of a central core
before pouring the grey metal. In that case no over lump would be required,
as at M, Figure 8. Figure 8 is a cross section of this cylinder through the
line E, F. As in the course of work it often happens that the cast-iron
pieces may or ought to be hollow and at the same time as hard and sound as
above mentioned, and as the way of moulding and casting such pieces has
nothing particular, they can always be obtained in the same advantageous
conditions as when full or solid. To obtain hard surfaces or wrappers Bessemer
or other steel might be used instead of white cast iron. Grooved cylinders
for rolling mills may be obtained by a similar process, the outside or grooved
part W, Figure 10, being cast with white iron and the middle part G with grey
cast iron.
It is well understood that the way of moulding and casting white and
grey iron as herein-before described for cylinders of rolling mills may be
applied not only to such cylinders but also for casting pieces of ordnance, such
as cannons or mortars, as shewn Figure 11, with the inside part H hard and
the outside S softer, such pieces being made either in cast iron or brass. Some
parts of machines, such as columns or shafts, which require to be turned and
polished could be obtained in the same way when they are of a large size.
My Invention being now described clearly enough to allow any man
conversant with iron foundry work to put it in practice, I claim the right of
moulding and casting any pieces, but particularly large cylinders for rolling
sheet iron or any other metal so as to have the outside surface or wrapper in
white or hard iron and the inside part in grey iron, both kinds of metals
being soundly united to one another, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jean Gueunier Lauriac, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
Witness,
D'AUBRÉVILLE, C.E.
J. GUEUNIER LAURIAC. (L.S.)