IMPROVEMENTS IN TUBE CUTTERS AND SCREW STOCKS."
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Taylor, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Machinist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TUBE CUTTERS
AND SCREW STOCKS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Taylor at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd
June 1865.
I, CHARLES TAYLOR, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Machinist,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TUBE
CUTTERS AND SCREW STOCKS," to be as follows:-
My improvements in tube cutters consist in constructing and arranging the
parts in the manner herein-after described. The body of the tube cutter
consists of a hooked or claw-shaped hollow support, the said support being:
angular and open at one side; within this support the tube to be cut or
divided is placed. Made in one piece with the said support is a hollow.

page_text: ylindrical block in a hole, in the axis of which a screw box is made, the saru
screw box being cut out of the solid. In the said screw box a screw works,
one end carrying a handle by which it is turned, the opposite end of the said
screw being connected to a rod which carries at its end a circular cutter; this
cutter rod works in one end of the hollow cylindrical block described, and is
capable by the motion of the screw of being advanced into and withdrawn
from the hollow support, but the said rod is incapable of rotatory motion.
The bottom of the support adjoining the cylindrical block is recessed or cut
away, and in the said recessed part the cutter rod is partly embedded. The
said recessed part constitutes a bearing or support for the cutter rod, and
prevents lateral motion in the said rod. The tube to be cut or divided being
placed in the hollow angular support the circular cutter is advanced against
the tube by turning the handle of the screw. By rotating the tube cutter about
the tube as a centre, and gradually advancing the cutting tool the tube is cut
or divided at the part situated in the hollow support.
my
My improvements in screw stocks consist in constructing the cutting dies
of screw stocks and the body of the stock into which the said dies are fitted
Invention may also
in the manner herein-after explained. This part of
be employed for cutting or dividing tubes; as herein-after explained. I make
each of the dies in two parts, divided longitudinally, that is, in a direction at
right angles to the cutting threads on the said dies. The said halves of the
die are connected together by a pin situated in a cylindrical hole between
them at their point of junction. The said hole is not made equally in the
halves of the die, but the greater part of it is situated in one half only, in
which part of the hole the pin described is placed, and upon which pin the
remaining part of the hole in the other half die fits when the halves of the die
are put together. In the back die the pin may be central, and fixed in the
back end of the stock. The said halves of the dies are thus firmly locked
together. The outside of each half die has a dovetail recess made in it, which
recesses work upon dovetails on the sides of the opening in the stock, the said
dovetails extending from top to bottom. In fitting the dies in their places in
the stock one half die is first put upon the dovetail at one side and the other
half die is then placed upon the dovetail at the other side of the opening in
the stock. The latter half die is then moved upon the first half die, so as to
lock or connect them together by means of the pin situated between them
Both the moveable and fixed dies are fitted in the stock in the way described
By making each of the dies in halves, as described, the necessity for cutting
away a portion of the dovetails in the stock for the purpose of fitting the die

page_text: thereon, as in ordinary screw stocks, is avoided, and the use of the loose piece
for filling up the said cut-away part is thus rendered unnecessary. Further,
the edges of the cutting threads of the said dies which first act upon the
metal, and which are rapidly worn away, can be readily renewed by grinding
the faces of the halves of the dies.
In converting a stock of the construction described into a tube cutter I
substitute for the screwing dies described dies having only one cutting edge.
By making each die in two parts one of the back end dies may be advanced,
so as to regulate the depth of cut either for screwing or cutting off tubes or
cutting down the ends of tubes or rods.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Taylor in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
29th November 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, J, CHARLES
TAYLOR, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Machinist, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Charles Taylor, Her special licence that I, the said Charles Taylor,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Charles Taylor, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN TUBE CUTTERS AND SCREW STOCKS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Charles Taylor, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Taylor, do hereby declare the

page_text: nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, that is to say:
My improvements in tube cutters consist in constructing and arranging the
parts in the manner herein-after described. The body of the tube cutter
consists of a hooked or claw-shaped hollow support, the said support being
angular and open at one side; within this support the tube is to be cut or
divided is placed. Made in one piece with the said support is a hollow
cylindrical block in a hole, in the axis of which a screw box is made, the said
screw box being cut out of the solid. In the said screw box a screw works,
one end carrying a handle by which it is turned, the opposite end of the said
screw being connected to a rod which carries at its end a circular cutter; this
cutter rod works in one end of the hollow cylindrical block described, and is
capable by the motion of the screw of being advanced from and withdrawn
into the hollow block, but the said rod is incapable of rotatory motion. The
bottom of the support adjoining the cylindrical block is recessed or cut away,
and in the said recessed part the cutter rod is partly embedded. The said
recessed part constitutes a bearing or support for the cutter rod, and prevents
lateral motion in the said rod. The tube to be cut or divided being placed in
the hollow angular support the circular cutter is advanced against the tube by
turning the handle of the screw. By rotating the tube cutter about the tube
as a centre and gradually advancing the cutting tool the tube is cut or divided
at the part situated in the hollow support.
My improvements in screw stocks consist in constructing the cutting dies
of screw stocks and the body of the stock into which the said dies are fitted
in the manner herein-after explained. This part of my Invention may also be
employed for cutting or dividing tubes, as herein-after explained. I make
each of the dies in two parts, divided longitudinally, that is, in a direction at
right angles to the cutting threads on the said dies. The said halves of the
dies are connected together by a pin situated in a cylindrical hole between
them at their point of junction. The said hole is not made equally in the
halves of the die, but the greater part of it is situated' in one half only, in
which part of the hole the pin described is placed, and upon which pin the
remaining part of the hole in the other half die fits when the halves of the die
are put together. In the back die the pin may be central, and fixed in the
back end of the stock. The said halves of the dies are thus firmly locked
together. The outer side of each half die has a dovetail recess made in it,
which recesses work upon dovetails on the sides of the opening in the stock,

page_text: the said dovetails extending from top to bottom. In fitting the dies in their
places in the stock one half die is first put upon the dovetail at one side, and
the other half die is then placed upon the dovetail at the other side of the
opening in the stock. The latter half die is then moved upon the first half
die, so as to lock or connect them together by means of the pin situated
between them. Both the moveable and fixed dies are fitted in the stock in
the way described.
In converting a stock of the construction described into a tube cutter I
substitute for the screwing dies described dies having only one cutting
edge.
Having explained the nature of my Invention, I will proceed to describe
with reference to the accompanying Drawings the manner in which the same
is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in elevation, Figure 2 in plan of upper side,
Figure 3 in longitudinal section, and Figure 4 in transverse section through
the line, Figure 3, a tube cutter constructed according to my Invention.
The same letters indicate the same parts in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4.
b
a is the body of the tube cutter, having at one end the claw-shaped hollow
support b, and at the other end a hollow cylindrical block c, the said parts d,
b, and c being made in one piece. In the support 6 the tube d to be cut or
divided is placed, as represented in the Drawing. In the axis of the hollow
cylindrical block c a screw box c³ is made, the said screw box being cut out of
the solid metal of the said block c. In the said screw box ca screw e works,
one end having a handle f, by which the said screw is turned, and the opposite
end of the screw being connected to a rod g, which carries the circular rotating
cutter, by which the tube is cut or divided. The said cutter rod g works in
the hollow of the block c, and is capable of advancing from and being with-
drawn into the said hollow block, but the said rod is prevented from rotating
in the hollow block by means of the screw pin i engaging in a longitudinal
slot k in the said rod (see Figure 3). The end of the screw e is connected to
the sliding cutter rod 9 by a pin 1 passed through the side of the said rod, and
taking into the annular groove m made in the said end of the screw e, as seen
in Figure 3. By the rotation of the screw e in one or other direction by the
handle the said groove m works upon the screw pin l, and advances the
cutter rod 9 and cutter h towards or withdraws them from the tube d in the
angular support 6. The bed or support a is recessed or cut away 'at'n',
the said recessed part having a nearly semi-cylindrical figure. In the said
recessed part n the lower part of the sliding cutter rod g is embedded, the

page_text: said recessed part constituting a bearing or support for the said cutter rol,
and preventing all lateral motion in the said rod.. In using the tube cutter,
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, the tube d to be cut or divided, fixed in a vice or
otherwise, is placed in the hollow angular support b. The circular rotating
cutting tool his advanced against the tube by turning the handle f of the
screw e. By rotating the tube cutter about the fixed tube d as a centre, and
gradually advancing the rotating cutting tool h, the said tube is cut or divided
at the part situated in the hollow support b.
Figure 5 represents in elevation the body of a screw stock (or tube cutter)
made according to my Invention, and Figure 6 represents the same provided
with screwing dies, also constructed according to my Invention; Figure 7
represents the dies separately, and Figure 8 represents a plan of the front
die. The same letters indicate the same parts in Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8.
a is the body of the screw stock (or tube cutter) on either side the opening,
in which body dovetails 6 are made, the said dovetails extending from top to
bottom of the said opening, as represented. Each of the screwing dies of the
stock is made in two parts or halves; the halves of the front or moveable die
being marked respectively c, c², and the halves of the back or fixed die being
marked respectively d, d³. The halves of the front die c, c³, are connected
together by a pin e, situated in a hole between them at their point of junction.
The said pin e is excentric to the middle of the die, the greater part of it
being situated in the half die c. The said pine may either be fixed in the
half die c, or it may be loose therein; I prefer, however, to make it fixed.
When the inner faces of the two half dies c, c³, are put together the projecting
part of the pin e external to its half die fits within the recess in the other
balf die, and thus locks the two half dies together. The locking or connecting
together of the halves d, d, of the back die may either be effected in the
manner described with respect to the front die, or by means of a central pin f
passed through the back end of the stock engaging in semi-cylindrical
recesses f,f, in the inner sides of the two halves of the die. The outer
sides of each of the half dies c, c, and d, d, has a dovetail recess 9 made in
it (see Figure 8), which recesses fit upon the dovetails b, b, on the sides of
the opening in the stock. In fitting the dies in their places in the opening
in the stock either the front or back die may be put in first. In introducing
the back die one half of the die is first placed upon the dovetail 6 at one side,
and the semi-cylindrical recess in its inner side made to engage with the
central fixed pin f. The other half die is then placed on the dovetail b at the
other side of the opening in the stock, and advanced upon the first, so as to

page_text: engage its recess f* with, the other side of the central pin f, and thus lock the
two halves of the die together. In introducing the front die into the opening
in the stock the half die is first put upon the dovetail on one side and the
other half die c then put upon the dovetail on the other side. The balf die c
is next moved upon the half die c³, so as to engage its pine with the recess
in the said balf die c, and thus lock the two half dies together. This having
been done the said front or moveable die is ready to be advanced towards the
back or fixed die by the screw h.
In converting the screw stock, Figure 6, into a tube cutter the screwing
dies c, c, and d, d, are removed, and dies having only one cutting edge are
substituted therefor. By making each of the dies in halves, as described and,
illustrated in the Drawings, the necessity for cutting away a portion of the
dovetails in the stock for the purpose of fitting the dies thereon, as in ordinary
screw stocks, is avoided, and the use of the loose piece for filling up the said
cut-away part is thus rendered unnecessary. Further, the edges of the cutting
thread or threads of the said dies which first act upon the metal, and which
are rapidly worn away, can be readily renewed by grinding the faces of the
halves of the dies. When the dies are made in halves according to my
Invention, one-half of the back end die may be advanced by a screw, so as to
regulate the depth of cut either for screwing or cutting off tubes or cutting
down the ends of tubes or rods.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which
the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit
myself to the precise details herein described and illustrated in the accom-
panying Drawings, as the same may be varied without departing from the
nature of my Invention; but I claim as my Invention,―
Firstly, the improvements in tube cutters herein-before described and
illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the accompanying Drawings, that is
to say, making the screw box of the tube cutter in one piece with the body of
the cutter; also preventing lateral motion in the cutter rod by embedding the
said rod in a recess in the solid body of the tube cutter, substantially as herein
described and illustrated.
Secondly, the improvements in screw stocks and tube cutters herein-before
described and illustrated in Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8 of the accompanying
Drawings, that is to say, making the dies of the said screw stocks and tube
cutters in halves, and locking or connecting the two halves together by means
of pins engaging with the said half dies, substantially, in the manner described
and illustrated; also making the dovetails upon which the half dies are fitted

page_text: stock or tube cutter.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Taylor, have bereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight bundred and sixty-five.
Witness,
RICHARD SKERRETT,
Clerk to George Shaw,
Birmingham.
CHARLES TAYLOR. (L.S.)