IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VELVET RIBBON AND OTHER VELVETS, AND IN THE LOOMS EMPLOYED IN SUCH MANUFACTURE
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Gedge, of No. 11, Wellington Street,
Strand, London, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VELVET RIBBON AND OTHER
VELVETS, AND IN THE LOOMS EMPLOYED IN SUCH MANUFACTURE" A communi-
cation from abroad by Jacques Mathieu Ferdinand Philip and Pierre Antoine
Prosper Philip, trading as the Petit fils do Jacques Mathieu Philip, of St.
Etienne (Loire), France, Ribbon Manufacturers.
Sealed the 14th March 1879, and dated the 16th January 1879.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said William Edward Gedgo at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th January 1879.
WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, London, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
VELVET RIBBON AND OTHER VELVETS, AND IN THE LOOMS EMPLOYED IN Such
MANUFACTURE.” A communication from abroad by Jacques Mathieu Ferdinand
Philip and Pierre Antoine Prosper Philip, trading as the Petit fils de Jacques
Mathiou Philip, of St. Etienne (Loire), France, Ribbon Manufacturers.
This Invention relates to the weaving of double-piece velvet ribbon or velvet
with a weft back, obtained by quadruple sheds or openings of the warp and four
shuttles.
Velvet ribbon with back is an article with two faces made by the interweaving
of several warps with the weft of the fabric; one face of this article is a velvet
ribbon, the other face, termed the back, is a satin or any pattern of a piece with the
velvet back, and the effects of which are obtained by special warps.
The basis of this Invention consists in substituting on the back of velvet ribbon,
and other velvets, weft effects in lieu of warp effects.
On the accompanying Sheet of Drawing forming part of this Specification,―
Figure 2 represents all the warp threads used in this Invention (shedding or open
for the passage of the shuttles) on their respective lines.
A, B, the warps forming weft stop, termed back warps.
D, C, the main warps or ground warps (for the ground or back of the velvet
ribbon.
E, the hair warps or silk warps.
The hair or silk healds are represented by the lines 1, 2, 3, 4; 1', 2', represent the
ground healds; 1", 2", the stop-weft healds (termed back) of the top piece; and
31, 41, the stop-weft healds (termed back) of the under piece.
It will be understood that the number of the healds may be increased or lessened,
whether bair healds, back healds, ground healds, or other, according to the pattern

page_text: or effects to be obtained; and I would here observe that this Invention may bo
applied to the weaving of figured velvets in single or double piece by jacquard loom,
or, as above, with weft effect on the velvet side.
Figure 1 represents the sheds or openings of the warp made, the shuttles being in
their respective positions.
The batten is composed of four shuttles 1, 2, 3, 4, set in rectilineal and alternato
movement by the ordinary mechanical arrangements. The four shuttles are inde-
pendent, and pass together or separately in their respective sheds or openings of the
warp. The reed is higher in order to permit the lifting of four warps instead of the
usual two warps. The supports of the rods are superposed opposite the batten, and
fixed by bolts or by silk bars, as shown on the Drawing.
The quadruple sheds or openings of the warp of this Invention take place
together by the displacement of a certain number of the threads of the warps
A, E, B2, which rise to the lines A', E¹, B³, at the same time that a second part of
the threads of the same warps lower or sink to the lines A³, E³, B'. The threads of
the ground warps divide into two parts; the first rises to the lines D³, C³, while
the second part lowers to the lines D, C, without leaving any thread on their lines
when at rest, in order to leave free the two passages of the shuttles, termed the
ground shuttles 2, 3.
I
After each ply or cross of the shuttles, the threads of the several warps take, if
required, new positions, according to the effect which it is desired to obtain. The
lines A, B³, formed by one part of the threads of the warps A2, B³, serve to inter-
weave, by means of the wefts of the shuttles 2, 3, the ribbon back with the back
woven by the said shuttles. The lines A¹, B', formed by another part of the threads
of the warps A2, B2, serve to tie or unite the wofts, termed back, of the shuttles 1, 4,
with the velvet ribbon buck.
All the threads of the various warps play the same part, that is to say, they pass
alternately and as may be desired into all the positions of the sheds or openings of
their respective warps. The movements of the silk or hair warps being the same
as in weaving ordinary velvet ribbons, it is not deemed necessary to describe them
more fully.
The advantages of this Invention are incontestablo : -The thousands of back-warp
threads which encumber the loom and render the work slow are done away with,
and are replaced by a few weft-stop threads arranged upon the velvet ribbon back,
whether in double or single piece; the stop-weft warp threads of this Invention
play exactly the same part as the weft of the velvet ribbon back hitherto woven ;
the same effects are obtained by this Invention while avoiding or doing away with
all the difficulties hitherto attending the manufacture of this article.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of the said Invention, com-
municated to me as aforesaid, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters
Patent is,―
Firstly. The use of the process of substituting weft effects for warp effects upon
the back of velvet ribbons and other velvet, substantially as herein-before sot
forth.
$
Secondly. The modifications in the arrangement of the loom for operating this
manufacture, substantially as herein-before described, and shown on the accom-
panying Sheet of Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Gedge, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-nine.