Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Heating Sad-irons.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Aug., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 16th June, 1893-Accepted, 12th Aug., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Heating Sad-irons.
I, FRANZ FRIEDRICH WARK, of 156 Stedingerstrasse Delmenhorst, in the
Empire of Germany, Master Locksmith, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved apparatus for heating sad-irons whereby
with the smallest possible expenditure of fuel the iron shall be brought to the
desired temperature in the shortest possible space of time, and shall retain that
temperature as long as possible whilst in use.
The improved apparatus consists essentially of a casing enclosing a hollow space
which can be closed by a cover. The sad-iron or heater is suspended loosely to
the cover and is heated by a petroleum or spirit burner or gas flame arranged
below the hollow space.
The flame enters the hollow space of the casing through a tube provided in the
apparatus, passing first into the hollow of the sad-iron or heater. This hollow is so
arranged and the heater itself so fitted upon the tube that the flame which passes
through the tube strikes along the hollow and passes through the heater and tends
to heat the sole of the sad-iron or heater from the inside. Between the wall of the
hollow space and the outer surface of the heater a space is left, of sufficient size to
allow the gases of combustion which escape from the hollow of the heater to play
round the latter on its outside. The heater lies with the lower surface of its sole
flat upon the cover which is hollow and the space within it communicates with the
hollow space before described. The hollow space of the cover opens freely into
the air above.
The inner wall of the cover has a recess approximately corresponding with the
form of the sole of the heater. This recess allows the sole of the heater to be
immediately played upon by the gases traversing the hollow space of the cover.
The heating gases which enter the apparatus from the flame tube thus first traverse
the heater from within outwards, then play around the upper portion of the heater
on the outside as they are moving downwards, then pass upwards again through the
hollow space in the cover, at the same time passing longitudinally over the sole of
the heater, and escape through an opening in the cover.
Ribs are provided in the heater which cross the hollow space transversely and
project from the top of the heater.
Rods of metal, preferably copper, are used as ribs and are provided with a sunk
screw thread. Instead of the screw threads parallel grooves may be sunk in the
rods, but screw threads are to be preferred on account of the ease and cheapness
with which they may be produced.
In order that the temperature of the heater may be ascertained from without
the cover is provided with a tube at right angles, and through this a small part of
the sole of the heater may be seen.
To increase the economy of heat the casing of the apparatus is covered with a
non-conducting material. It is best in practice to surround the wall with a second
wall at a little distance away, which is preferably coated with asbestos pulp and
the hollow space existing between the walls also serves as a non-conducting layer
of air.
The cover is hinged to the apparatus and has a handle at its upper part.
When the heater is sufficiently hot the cover is opened by pulling the handle.
The heater is then lifted off and placed upon a stand.
A hood having a fixed handle is then adapted to the sad-iron or heater.
Suitable means are provided for securing the hood to the iron or heater

page_text: The heater in combination with the hood and the handle forms the actual
sad-iron.
In the present apparatus the hood described above offers a not inconsiderable
advantage over apparatus for heating irons by gas hitherto employed.
The existing gas heated flat irons are but imperfectly closed at the rear by a
falling plate. In glazing, i.e. in using irons the back part of the sole of which is
rounded off, particles of dirt are constantly falling out of the hollow space on to the
linen into which they are ironed. These inconveniences are entirely avoided by
the use of the hood.
Dated the 16th day of August 1892.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Heating Sad-irons.
I FRANZ FRIEDRICH WARK, of 156 Stedingerstrasse, Delmenhorst, in the
Empire of Germany, Master Locksmith, do hereby declare the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improved apparatus for heating sad irons, whereby
with the smallest possible expenditure of fuel the irons shall be brought to the
desired temperature in the shortest possible space of time, and shall retain that
temperature as long as possible whilst in use.
In the accompanying drawing
T
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Heating Sad-irons.
I FRANZ FRIEDRICH WARK, of 156 Stedingerstrasse, Delmenhorst, in the
Empire of Germany, Master Locksmith, do hereby declare the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to an improved apparatus for heating sad irons, whereby
with the smallest possible expenditure of fuel the irons shall be brought to the
desired temperature in the shortest possible space of time, and shall retain that
temperature as long as possible whilst in use.
In the accompanying drawing
a vertical cross section of the apparatus closed during the heating of the
sad iron or heater.
Fig. 2 is a view of the apparatus opened.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the cover upon which the sad iron is placed.
Fig. 4 is a top view of the sad iron.
Fig. 5 is a back view of the sad irou.
Fig. 6 is a side view of the sad iron with hood.
The improved apparatus consists essentially of a casing A enclosing a hollow
space A which can be closed by a cover B. The sad iron or heater C is suspended
loosely to the cover B and is heated by a petroleum or spirit burner or gas flame E
arranged below the hollow space A¹.
The flame enters the hollow space of the casing through a tube i provided in the
apparatus, passing first into the hollow C₁ of the sad iron or heater C. This
hollow C¹ is so arranged and the heater itself so fitted upon the tube i that the
flame which passes through the tube strikes along the hollow C' and passes through
the heater and tends to heat the sole b of the sad-iron or heater from the inside.
Between the wall of the hollow space A¹ and the outer surface of the heater a
врасе
is left, of sufficient size to allow the gases of combustion which escape from
the hollow C¹ of the heater to play round the latter on its outside. The heater
lies with the lower surface of its sole flat upon the cover B which is hollow and the
space B' within it communicates at the bottom n with the hollow space A' before
described. The hollow space B' of the cover opens freely into the air above. The
inner wall a of the cover B has a recess c approximately corresponding with the form
of the sole 6 of the heater. This recess callows the sole of the heater to be
immediately played upon by the gases traversing the hollow space B' of the cover.
The heating gases which enter the apparatus from the flame tube i thus first
traverse the heater from within upwards, then play around the upper portion of the
heater on the outside as they are moving downwards as indicated by the arrows
(Fig. 1) then pass upwards again through the hollow space in the cover B at the
same time passing. longitudinally over the sole of the heater, and escape through an
opening o in the cover.

page_text: Ribs are provided in the heater which cross the hollow space C¹ transversely
and project from the top of the heater.
Rods of metal, preferably copper, are used as ribs and are provided with a sunk
screw thread. Instead of the screw threads parallel grooves may be sunk in the
rods, but screw threads are to be preferred on account of the ease and cheapuess
with which they may be produced.
The ribs k absorb rapidly the heat contained in the traversing gases and transfer
same to the sole of the heater and thus to the entire heater.
In order that the temperature of the heater may be ascertained from without, the
cover B is provided with a tube p at right angles, and through this a small part of
the sole of the heater may be seen.
To increase the economy of heat the casing of the apparatus is covered with a.
non conducting material. It is best in practice to surround the wall with. a
second wall mat a little distance from the former. This wall m is preferably
coated with asbestos pulp and the hollow space m¹ existing between the walls
and m also serves as a non-conducting layer of air.
The cover B is hinged to the apparatus at and has an handle
g
part.
at its upper
When the heater is sufficiently hot the cover B is opened by pulling the handle g
and thus placed into the position illustrated by Fig. 2. The heater C which is
suspended on the cover follows the latter and may be lifted off by means of the
loose lifter u and placed upon a stand.
A hood D having a fixed handle G is then adapted to the sad iron or heater, the
lifter u having been again removed (Fig. 5).
Suitable means are provided for securing the hood to the iron or heater and I
prefer using for this purpose, the following arrangement:
To the posterior extremity of heater C is fixed an eye w into which fits a pin x
(Fig. 5).
y
This pin is guided by a tube or socket y fixed to hood D. This tube is
provided with a screw threaded slit z' through which passes the pin z fixed to pin z.
When handle t is turned the pin can be made to engage or disengage with
eye w.
It is preferable to make the handle t of flat shape and composed of several
portions of wood of different colors. The slit ¹ rises so quickly that half a turn of
handlet suffices to secure the hood firmly to the heater and the color of the upper
portion of the handle will indicate whether the locking of hood and heater has
taken place or not.
The heater C in combination with the hood D and the handle G forms the actual
sad-iron.
The inside body of the heater and the smoothing sole being in one piece the heat
contained in the upper portion is rapidly being conveyed to the sole while the air
between the heater and the hood forms an isolating layer preventing the outward
radiation of the heat. In order to still further diminish the radiation it is preferable
to make the hood of white metal.
When the smoothing iron has cooled so much that it is necessary to replace the
heater the hood D is lifted off from heater C after giving an half turn to handle t
by means of lifter u (Fig. 2) the hooklike point u¹ of which enters the upper eye w¹
and the pin of which enters at the same time the eye w; the heater is placed
upon the cover B Fig. 2 which is folded back, the posterior part d of sole 6 being
held underneath projection e of cover B the heater C thus being in an oblique
position. The heater resting flat on the cover it is pushed forward so that its
point enters the shoe h fixed to cover B. The shoe h is of such length that the
posterior part d is still held by the projection e while the heater is in this position.
When the apparatus is skillfully handled it is hardly necessary to push the
heater forwards as when the cover is closed upwards the heater will enter the shoe h
with its point by its proper weight.
When the cover is placed into the position indicated by Fig. 1 the apparatus
acts again in the manner described.

page_text: When only one heater is used the heater may be placed into the apparatus with
the hood without using lifter u.
In the present apparatus the hood described above offers a not inconsiderable
advantage over the apparatus for heating irons by gas hitherto employed.
The existing gas heated flat irons are but imperfectly closed at the rear by a
falling plate. In glazing i.e. in using irons the back part of the sole of which is
rounded off, particles of dirt are constantly falling out of the hollow space on to the
linen. Such inconveniences are entirely avoided by the use of the hood.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An apparatus for heating smoothing or sad-irons consisting of a hollow heating
apparatus in such a way that the heating gases are caused to pass first through the
hollow space of the heater and then around its outer surface and along its sole
substantially as described and shewn in the drawings.
2. In such apparatus the arrangement consisting of ribs k hollow space C¹ and
the removable hood D substantially as and in the manner described and shewn in
the drawing.
Dated this 16th day of Mov 1802
C. R. BONNE,
57 & 58, Chancery Lane, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.