Improvements in Machines for Cutting Paper, Leather, Cloth, Metal, and other Material.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Nov., 1897-Accepted, 22nd Jan., 1898
:
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Cutting Paper, Leather, Cloth, Metal,
and other Material.
I, HENRY ANSEL HANNUM, Alanufacturer, of Mill Street, Cazenovia, in the
County of Madison, and State of New York, one of the United States of America,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
―
The object of this invention is to provide a simple, convenient, and efficient
machine for either trimming the edges of or cutting strips from sheet material,
which may be either leather, or paper, or cloth, or metal or any other material.
Various machines have been devised and tried to perform the aforesaid functions,
but the majority of them have failed to perfectly accomplish the desired result for
various reasons. In said prior machines the rotary cutter usually consists of a
thin steel disc, which in some cases is corrugated around its peripheral portion and
sharpened to a thin knife-edge, and to preserve said edge the opposed roller or
anvil was either mounted on a vertically-yielding shaft or provided with an elastic
or suitably-cushioned peripheral face." The great objections to this style of
machine are that they are unreliable in their operation, owing to the want of
the requisite stability of the cutter and proper support for the sheet to insure the
penetration of the cutter, and, in fact, such machines are incapable of cutting sheet
metal or other hard material, and when the material to be cut is textile fabric or
of a character to allow the corrugated cutter to readily penetrate it said material
is liable to adhere to the thin cutter and become tangled, and, furthermore, such
elastic surfaces of the bed-roller or anvil are readily worn out. Other machines
of the aforesaid class have the anvil or bed-roller formed of metal and in some cases
provided with scallops or sockets in its periphery to receive a correspondingly.
shaped edge of the revolving cutter. In practice it is found that such machines
are liable to become clogged and the thin cutting edges are rapidly worn out and
are frequently broken. All of these defects are obviated in my present inven-
tion, which consists in the combination of a rotary annular cutter having its peri-
phery beveled bluntly or abruptly to form a rotary cold-chisel having an obtuse-
angled cutting ridge which may extend either straight or in a serpentine direction
around the periphery, which latter form tends to draw the material to its position
to be cut, in combination with an annular revoluble anvil having a transversely
straight and smooth hard-metal peripheral face sustained uniformly in contact
with said cold-chisel throughout the length of the line of cutting. whereby the
severing of the interposed material is effected without danger of breaking the
cutting edge of said cold-chisel and the invention also consists in certain detail
of the machine, all as bereinafter more fully described, and set forth in the claims.
In the annexed drawings,
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a machine embodying my invention.
Figure 2 is a front end view of the same.
2

page_text: Figure 3 is a vertical longitudinal section through said machine.
Figures 4 and 5 are detached plan and horizontal sectional views showing the
guard employed to prevent ravellings or thin narrow clippings or strips from enter-
ing the slot in the bed of the machine.
Figure 6 is an enlarged transverse section of the peripheral portion of the cold-
chisel and adjacent anvil.
Figures 7 and S are respectively end and side views of the machine as constructed
specially for cutting sheet metal.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
"
A represents the supporting-frame of the rotary cold-chisel and its anvil. Said
frame is provided with a suitable clamp C, by which to secure it to the edge of the
table, and is formed with an upright rectangular case A', through which extend
two horizontal shafts a a, arranged parallel one above the other. One end of the
lower shaft is provided with a hand-crank b, by which to turn it. To the opposite
protruding end of said shaft is fastened the annular cold-chisel c, which is confined
between a collar and a nut d', which latter is screwed onto the extremity of the
shaft. This rotary cold-chisel is formed of a thick and stout annular steel plate,
the periphery of which is beveled abruptly from opposite sides to nearly or quite
an obtuse angle, as shown at o in Figure 6 of the drawings, and forming a cutting
ridge which for some purpose may extend in a serpentine direction around the
periphery of the plate. Directly over this annular cold-chisel and in the same
vertical plane therewith is the annular anvil I for sustaining the part of the sheet
to be cut. Said anvil is attached to the end of the shaft a¹, which is journaled
in the ends of the case Also as to allow it to freely rotate with the aforesaid cold-
chisel.
One of the two shafts a a¹, preferably the lower shaft, has the end which is
adjacent to the cutter mounted on a vertically-movable journal box supported
upon an eccentric /, fastened to a shaft 2, which extends transversely through the
case A and has fastened to its outer end a lever m, which is connected to a suitable
treadle (not shown) by means of a rod n.
A spiral spring is suspended from a bracket o¹ on the top of the case A¹ and
connected to the free end of the lever m to draw the same upward. Said lever is
shown in its depressed position in Figure 1 of the drawings.
The anvil is formed of fine tool steel, and the peripheral face thereof is trans-
versely straight and parallel with the axis of the anvil and smooth.
The hard face of the anvil prevents it from being cut by the cold-chisel, with
which it is held in direct and uniform contact to positively sever the interposed
material.
t represents the work-supporting table or bed, which is secured to the frame A
and is provided with a slot f, through which the upper part of the cold-chisel
protrudes.
The object of attaching the cold-chisel to the lower shaft is to allow the said
chisel to he turned by the right hand of the operator and to feed the work from
the operator to the machine. In the operation of the machine the sheet to be cut
or trimmed is introduced into the bite of the cold-chisel, and when the cutting
edge thereof is serpentine, as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the drawings, it
automatically draws the sheet into the said bite, and in said movement the firmly-
supported anvil compels the cold-chisel e to penetrate the sheet and cut or trim the
same by a pinching action without danger of breaking the cutting edge and with-
out liability of causing the cut material to adhere to the cutter.
The described smooth-faced anvil may be of sufficient width to allow it to be
used with cutters of various widths. Hence the machine is adapted to be adjusted
for cutting strips of different width and with different shaped edges simply by the
employment of cutters of various shapes connected interchangeably to the shaft a.
When the cold chisel has its cutting edge extending straight around the peri-
phery and is to be used for cutting sheet metal, I employ in connection with said
cold-chisel suitable feed rolls R R, which receive the sheet between them and

page_text: force it forward into the bite of the cold-chisel. Said feed-rolls are geared together,
ns indicated by dotted lines 1 2 3 4 in Figs. 7 and 8 of the drawings.
9 denotes a gage which is adjustably connected to the frame to control the width
of the strip to be cut from the sheet. To guard against the drawing of the cut-
tings down into the slot f by the downwardly-travelling portion of the serpentine
edge of the cutter crimping said cuttings and tending to push the same down into
said slot, I adjustably connect to the top of the tablet a flat plate h, preferably
pivoted at one end and provided at the opposite end with a downwardly-projecting
screw-stud h, which passes through a slot in the table and is provided with a
nut j, by which to clamp said plate in its required position, as illustrated in
Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
61
1. A cutting device embracing the combination of a movable hard faced anvil,
and a rotary cutter disc having a cold-chisel" cutting edge, substantially as
described,
2. A cutting device embracing the combination of a movable hard faced anvil
and a revolving disc having a scalloped or wavy cold-chisel cutting edge, substan-
tially as described.
3. In a cutting device, the combination with a suitable casing, of two shafts,
either of which is vertically-movable, mounted in the same, a circular anvil
mounted on one of said shafts, a circular cutter mounted on the other shaft, o
lateral shaft journaled in said casing, an eccentric mounted on said shaft and
adapted to engage the lower cutter-shaft to raise and lower the same, a lever
mounted on the lateral shaft, a spring connecting said lever to the casing to hold
it normally up, and means connected to said lever for depressing it to cause the
eccentric to raise the cutter shaft, substantially as described.
4. In a cutting device, the combination with a suitable casing, of a supporting
table provided with a longitudinal and a segmental slot, vertically movable shafts
mounted in said casing, a circular anvil mounted on one of said shafts, a circular
cutter mounted on the other shaft and adapted to project through the longitudinal
slot in the table, a pivoted guard mounted on said table having a screw threaded
stud projecting through the segmental slot and an adjusting nut on the lower end
of said stud for clamping said guard-lever in the desired position over the
longitudinal slot, substantially as described.
Dated this 25th day of November 1897
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.