IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROLLING METALLIC TUBES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Perceval Moses Parsons at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th February 1883.
PERCEVAL MOSES PARSONS of Blackheath in the County of Kent Civil Engineer,
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROLLING METALLIC TUBES"
My Invention relates to improvements in machinery or apparatus for rolling
metallic tubes:
In carrying out my Invention I employ a mandril having upon it an enlarged
part or bulb at or near one end, its diameter being the same as the bore of the tube
intended to be rolled. The other end of this mandril is carried in bearings fixed
on a suitable frame in front of the rolls and, projects therefrom at right angles to
the rolls so as to place the bulb in-the groove in the centre line of the rolls. This
arrangement so far has been in general use for rolling tubes, gun barrels and the
like, but hitherto the mandril with the bulb has been fixed which often produces
longitudinal scores, and scratches on the interior of the barrel- or tube
1
J!
Now by my Invention, I impart to the mandril and bulb a rotatory motion on its
axis during the time that the tube is being rolled upon it, which can be effected by
means of a cog wheel fixed thereon, connected by suitable gearing with the rolls so
that when the rolls are put in motion the mandril will also rotate at the same time
being held in its requisite position as regards the rolls in the bearings before
referred to
$
"
I,
This, rotatory-motion imparted to the mandril and bulb will prevent longitudinal
scores, or scratches being made on the interior of the tube, and will also tend to
knead or work the metal of the tube, in a spiral direction
1.
4 2
ناس
0.
ύω
1J
.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Perceval Moses Parsons in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
25th August 1883.
PERCEVAL MOSES PARSONS of Blackheath in the County of Kent Civil Engineer
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROLLING METALLIC TUBES
"
My said Invention of improvements in machinery or apparatus for rolling
metallic tubes, consists in the use in combination with suitable rolls, of mandrels
rotating upon their own axes in lieu of stationary mandrels or "spits" as heretofore
I thus obviate the formation of longitudinal scores or scratches which are
often produced on the interior of the tube when a stationary mandrel is used,
whilst at the same time the rotatory motion of the mandrel tends to knead or work
the metal of the tube in a spiral direction.
in use.
+
In carrying out my said Invention I employ a mandrel having upon it an
enlarged part or bulb at or near one end, its diameter being the same as that of the
bore of the tube intended to be rolled, whilst the other end of the mandrel is
carried in bearings fixed on a suitable frame in front of the rolls, and projects
therefrom at right angles: to the rolls so as to place the bulb in the groove in or
about the centre line of the "rolls; all as generally adopted in machinery or
apparatus used for rolling gun barrels, and other like tubes. According to my said
Invention, however, I impart to the mandrel with its bulb a rotatory motion on its
axis during the time that-the tube is being rolled-upon it. This may be accom-.
plished by means of a toothed wheel fixed on the mandrel, and connected by
suitable gearing with the rolls, so that when the rolls are put in motion the
mandrel, will also rotate. Any convenient number of mandrels; corresponding to a
.similar, number, of grooves in the rolls, may be connected together by toothed
wheels gearing into each other, at the same time being held in their requisite
position in relation to the rolls, in the bearings before mentioned
And in order that the said Invention may be perfectly understood, I will now
proceed more, particularly to describe the same and for that, purpose, refer to the
two figures on the accompanying sheet of drawings, the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in both the figures.
Figure 1, of the accompanying drawings represents a plan of a rolling mill
constructed according to my said Invention, the upper, roll being, supposed to be
removed; and,
'
JAI 1.
0155
Figure 2, is a section of, the mill taken along the line 1, 2, (Figure 1)
A, Aare the rolls which, are, mounted at a, in bearings supported on a base
plate or frame B, and are connected, together, by spur, wheels (one of which is
shown at b) so as to rotate together and are driven in the usual and well known
manner.
10
"
Around the rolls, A.A), are, formed annular grooves c, c', c², c, in which are
located between the two rolls, the bulbs d, d', d², d³, forming an enlarged part, near
one end of the mandrels è, e¹, es, es, the other ends, of which fit into the axles,g, g¹,
gg, of the toothed wheels, k, k, k which revolve, in the, bearings f. f. ff.
fixed on a frame C. The diameter of the bulbs d, d¹, d², d³, is equal to, that, of
the bore of the tube intended to be rolled but the grooves, c, c), c, c, in the rolls in
which the bulbs are situate, diminish in size for the successive, "passes," of, the
tube, that is to say, the grooves, c, are of, larger size, than the grooves c', and, the
grooves c¹ are of larger size than the grooves c, and so on in succession throughout
the whole number of grooves; the size of the grooves, and the consequent space
between the roll and the bulb gradually diminishing until the last set of grooves is
reached, which is adapted for the final or finishing "pass" of the tube, Four of

page_text: these sets of grooves are shown in the example illustrated, but the number of
grooves and their relative sizes, will vary according to the material of which the
tube is made, as will be well understood by those skilled in the arts. If the tubes
are required to be made thinner than they can be conveniently rolled in the manner
described they can be finished by drawing in the usual manner.
The ends of the mandrels which fit into the axles of the toothed wheels before
named, have screw threads h, and h¹, cut upon them and are provided with nuts i, i¹
by which the position of the bulbs d, d¹, d, d³, can be accurately adjusted to the
centre line of the rolls. The mandrels are also further secured in the axles g, g',
g, g³ by keys r, so as to cause them to rotate along with the axles.
The axles g, g, 92, 93, are made in one piece with or firmly secured to the spur
wheels k, k¹, kk, in gear with each other whilst the spur wheel k is also in gear
with a spur wheel 1, mounted at one end of a shaft m; this shaft (which is
supported in bearings at n, o, fixed on frames B, C, respectively) carries at the
opposite end to that on which the spur wheel , is situate, a bevel wheel p, which
engages with a bevel wheel q, fast on the end of the upper roll A (or if desired the
'said bevel wheel may be mounted on the lower roll instead of the upper one) so
that when the rolls are put in motion the mandrels will also rotate on their own
axes, at the same time being held in their requisite positions in relation to the rolls
in the bearings, ƒ², ƒ³.
In the operation of rolling a tube with the aid of my improved apparatus, I
proceed in the following manner :-
The rolls having been put in motion, a tube-ingot is introduced into the
grooves c, between the two rolls, and over the rotating bulb d, by being passed
over the end x, of the mandrel e. The tube is then elongated under the action of
the rolls and carried on to the mandrel, after which the motion of the rolls is
reversed, and the tube passed back again through the same groove, being previously
given a quarter of a turn to bring down any fins remaining from the first "pass."
The tube is next introduced into the grooves c¹, over the rotating mandrel and
bulb e', d', and passed through the rolls and returned in a similar manner, and this
operation is successively repeated through all the grooves of the rolls until the final
grooves c³, are reached, from which the tube issues in a finished state or ready to be
further reduced by drawing in the draw-bench in the usual manner.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention of "Improvements in Machinery or apparatus for rolling metallic tubes"
and the best method with which I am at present acquainted of carrying the same
into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and
original and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein before in
part recited Letters Patent is :-
The combination with the rolls of a rolling mill, of rotating mandrels, substan-
tially as and for the purpose herein before described
In witness whereof I the said Perceval Moses Parsons have hereunto set my
hand and seal. this twenty second day of August in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and eighty-three
P M PARSONS (LS.)