matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
Improvements in Stair Rods.
Year: 1899

page_text: Improvements in Stair Rods.
Arthur Henry WALKER, 104, St. Mark's Street, Birmingham, FREDERICK
PAYNE, 19, Ingleby Street, Birmingham, THOMAS ROBERT TOMPKINS, 10, Back
264, Icknield Port Road, Birmingham, trading as A. & F. Cooke & Co., 148,
Great Charles Street, Birmingham, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows:
An angle brass tube stair rod. which is made all in one piece, the ends being a
continuation of the tube, and thus doing away with loose ends.
ARTHUR HENRY WALKER.
THOMAS ROBERT TOMPKINS.
FREDERICK PAYNE,
ARTHUR HENRY WALKER, 104, St. Mark's Street, Birmingham, FREDERICK
PAYNE, 19, Ingleby Street, Birmingham, THOMAS ROBERT TOMPKINS, 264,
Icknield Port Road, Birmingham, trading as A. & F. Cooke & Co., 137, King
Edward's Road, Birmingham, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
An angle tube stair rod brass iron, copper, or any other metal we may think
fit to use in manufacturing same, which made all in one piece, the figured ends
being a continuation of the tube which does away with loose ends.
It is a piece of tube, brass, iron copper or any other metal we may think fit
to use in manufacturing same, as section shewn at A.
The tube is annealed at the ends and pressed down flat at sides, leaving a
stay in centre of back for strength, as shewn at B & C. The flat sides are then
clipped out to designs as at D, or any other designs we may think fit to adopt in
manufacturing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare what
we claim is:
The distinct feature of forming of ornamental ends by the annealing. pressing

page_text: and clipping the ends of the rod itself to desired forms or figures making the
stair rod out of one piece of tube.
Trind th: 16th law of Mow 1000
ARTHUR HENRY WALKER.
FREDERICK PAYNE.
THOMAS ROBERT TOMPKINS.
Improvements in Electric Accumulators or Secondary Batteries.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Electric Accumulators or Secondary Batteries.
I, HENRI WEYMERSCH, of 2, Rue Collette, Paris, in the Republic of France,
Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to electric accumulators or secondary batteries of the
kind described in the Specification No. 129 of 1881 as the invention communi-
cated by C. Faure, in which plates of lead are mechanically covered with a coat-
ing of metallic salts mixed with inert substances. Accumulator plates made in
this way are deficient in the power of storing electrical energy and when sub-
jected to heavy electrical discharges as required for tractive purposes are quickly
worked out and require constant renewal. Many ingredients have been tried to
effect improvements both in the direction of increased electrical capacity and in
the durability of the coating of salts, with the result that no material advance
has been made in overcoming either of the aforesaid defects.
By my invention, which I will now proceed to explain, I attain a material
increase both in the capacity of the accumulator for the storage of electric energy
and in the duration of the plates even when subjected to heavy discharges of
electricity.
To obtain these results I add to the acidulated water as generally used for
mixing the oxides and fixing same to the metallic frames, a certain quantity of
pyridine (CHN) or any of the salts belonging to the same group, the plates when
dry being dipped alternately in a bath of acidulated water (preferably sulphuric
or hydrochloric acid) and in a mixed solution of pyridine water and alcohol.
This combination of pyridine with acid and alcohol has the effect of highly
oxidising the positive plates so as to greatly increase their electrical capacity,
and the further effect of hardening the said positive plates to an extent which
renders the buckling of the plates and the lisintegration of the same almost
impossible, even at heavy electrical discharges.
Accumulators made as hereinbefore described not only last very much longer
than the ordinary accumulator constructed on the Faure system, but are capable
of yielding more than 20 ampere hours per kilog. of plate or 9 ampere hours
per lb.

page_text: in which a certain quantity of pyridine (CHN) or any of the salts belonging
to the same group is added to the acidulated water as generally used for mixing
the oxides and fixing same to the metallic frames, the plates when dry being
dipped alternately in a bath of water acidulated preferably with sulphuric
or hydrochloric acid and in a mixed solution of pyridine acidulated water and
alcohol, substantially as herein before described.
Dotal thin 20th
1
1000
G. J. CLARKSON,
Chartered Patent Agent, Stockton-on-Tees and Hull,
Agent for the Applicant.
G. J. CLARKSON,
Chartered Patent Agent, Stockton-on-Tees and Hull,
Agent for the Applicant.
Year: 1899

page_text: I, ROBERT GOODWIN, of No. 33, Exchequer Street, Dublin, Ireland, Electrician,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to a composition which can be used in any known gas
washing apparatus for purifying acetylene gas.
This composition consists of one part by weight of copper sulphate crystals,
one part of kieselguhr or infusorial earth, and 48 parts of water. When applied
to the washing of acetylene, this composition causes deposit of all the impurities
suspended in the gas. The fouling of the burners is thus prevented and the
luminosity of the gas is greatly enhanced.
Thi 101
1
Ր T1
1000
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
I, ROBERT GOODWIN, of No. 33, Exchequer Street, Dublin, Ireland, Electrician,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
My invention relates to a composition which can be used in any known gas
washing apparatus for purifying acetylene gas.
This composition consists of one part by weight of copper sulphate crystals,
one part of kieselguhr or infusorial earth, and 48 parts of water. When applied
to the washing of acetylene, this composition causes deposit of all the impurities
suspended in the gas. The fouling of the burners is thus prevented and the
luminosity of the gas is greatly enhanced.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
A composition for purifying acetylene gas consisting of copper sulphate,
kieselguhr or infusorial earth and water, substantially as described.
1
111
1
A
1 1000
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Mar., 1893-Accepted, 15th July, 1899
I, GUSTAV ELSTERMANN, of 37, Catharinenstr., in the City of Osnabrück, in the
Province of Hanover, in the German Empire, Printer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
The improved bedstead forming the subject of the present invention is in its
form and dimensions similar to those already in use. The essential feature of the
new construction is that the sides can be raised vertically, for the purpose of
protecting the body of the person using the bed from draught, exposure though
displacement of the bedcovers and the like, and also prevent the possibility of
falling out of bed. The sides in their lowered position admit of a person getting
into the bed without trouble.
On the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 shows a front elevation of the improved bedstead, the sideboard (a)
being in its lowered position.
Fig. 2 shows a section of the same. The mechanism in this position is concealed
from view, so that the bedstead present a normal appearance.
Fig. 3 and 4 show the manner in which the sideboard (a) can be raised, the
mechanism is in this position visible; (b) is a handle with lever, (c) are two bent
levers, (d) is a jointed rod, to transmit the motion of the lever (b) to the bent
levers (c), (e) are two jointed rods, from which the sideboards of the bedstead
are uniformly suspended, (f) is an iron frame upon which the mechanism is
mounted. This frame is connected to the headboard (9) and footboard (h), so
that these parts from a rigid frame-work. The pins () of the sideboards (a) slide
in slots (4).
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
A bedstead, the sides of which can be raised or lowered by sliding in guide-
ways (k) in the bedposts, under the action of a hand-lever (b), operating a systems
of levers, all substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
Teted this 13th dow of March 1899.
For GUSTAV ELSTERMANN,
Walter Folkmar.
Improvements in the Refining of Oils.
Year: 1899

page_text: Improvements in the Refining of Oils.
I, THOMAS MACALPINE, of 22, Sutton Court Road, Chiswick, Doctor of Science,
Consulting and Research Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows;
-
This invention relates to the refining of oils by means of low temperaturė
steam, preferably under a temperature of 212 F. The salient feature of the
invention being the employment of low temperature steam utilised by means
of a vacuum in the still.
In carrying this invention into practice I provide a suitable still connected
to a condensing means and work the still under a vacuum.
The still is connected to a steam boiler by a pipe which enters the still and
may be carried down to near the bottom so that the outlet for the steam is well
under the oil contained in the still, the oil being heated by any known means.
Or alternatively I may lead the pipe so that it does not dip beneath the surface
of the oil in still so that the steam meets the hot oil vapours as they are given
off.
:
With various very impure oils I first subject them to any known means for
refining or partially refining before treatment as above described with low
temperature steam.
1000
FREDERIC PRINCE,
Agent for Applicant.
Improve S
I, THOMAS MACALPINE, of 22, Sutton Court Road, Chiswick, Doctor of Science,
Consulting and Research Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:―
This invention relates to the refining of oils by means of low temperature
steam, utilised by means of a slight vacuum in the still.
In carrying this invention into practice I provide a suitable still as commonly
used in refining oil and connect it to condensing or other suitable means to enable
a slight vacuum to be created in the still while at work.
The still is connected to a steam boiler by a pipe which enters the still and
may be carried down to near the bottom so that the outlet for the steam is well
under the oil contained in the still, the oil being heated by any known means.
Then by creating a slight vacuum in the still, low temperature steam can be
ID 017
An Improved Method of Producing Longitudinally Ribbed Metal Pipes.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Dec., 1899-Accepted, 15th Dec., 1900
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method of Producing Longitudinally Ribbed Metal
Pipes.
I, ALBERT SCHMITZ, of Frankfurterstrasse 50, Raunheim on the Main, in the
Empire of Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The present invention corresponds in principle to that described in the Speci-
fication of Patent No. 21699 of 1899 and only differs from the latter in that the
sheet metal used for some or all of the parts is cut perpendicularly in profile.
According to the manner in which the metal is bent, with the ribs, corrugations
etc. turned inwards or outwards, pipes of the most variegated shapes are obtained.
In the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 represents the manufacture of a pipe in its various stages.
Figs. 2-7 represent various forms of execution.
A sheet of metal a with longitudinal ribs b fixed upon it is converted into a
pipe c by drawing it in the known manner through a cone. It is then placed,
seam downwards upon a flat sheet of metal d and the latter is then similarly
converted into a pipe around c. Hereby a double-walled pipe is obtained, the
inner side of which is furnished with longitudinal ribs b. The two walls of the
pipe are then either welded or otherwise fixed together.
Fig. 2 represents a double walled pipe with longitudinal ribs turned out-
wards, which has been made by placing either a finished or unfinished smooth
pipe upon the smooth side of the plate which has triangular ribs and drawing
the whole through the cone. In using plates with ribs on the outer side it is
advisable to use a correspondingly shaped cone.
In Fig. 3 both walls are ribbed, the smooth sides being together while in
Fig. 6 the ribbed sides are opposite each other.
Figs. 4 and 5 represent combinations of smooth and ribbed plates and Fig. 7
an instance of a triple walled pipe.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
A method of producing double or more walled longitudinally ribbed pipes by
using in the manner described in the Specification of Patent No. 21699 of 1899
metal sheets of which one or more have longitudinal ribs.
Dated the 15th of
1.
1000
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to Applicant, 18, Buckingham Street, Strand, W.C.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Mar., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 15th Dec., 1899-Accepted, 17th Mar., 1900
I, GEORGE LOUIS MORTON, of Talbot House, Nottingham, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to improve the combustion in cupola furnaces
thereby economising fuel and preventing the clogging of the furnace
It is well known that when a large quantity of air is blown into the bottom of a
column of incandescent fuel as in a cupola furnace carbonic acid is produced
which is converted into carbonic oxide by passing through the fuel and escapes
at the top in that form.
Attempts have been made to burn the escaping carbonic oxide by introducing
small subsidiary blasts at a higher level than the main blast but these attempts
have not been wholly successful.
According to this invention I introduce only a small quantity of air at or near
the bottom of the furnace, in comparison to the amount of carbon present at this
point thereby insuring the formation of carbonic oxide. The main blast I
introduce at or immediately below the melting zone. It is essential
that the quantity of air or oxygen here admitted, should be not only
in excess of the quantity of carbon present (thereby producing carbonic
acid) but sufficient to convert the carbonic oxide formed at or near the
bottom of the furnace into carbonic acid, thus obtaining the greatest possible
number of heat units, not only is more rapid melting of the iron thus produced
but an economy in fuel is obtained owing to more perfect combustion.
There is also a remarkable freedom from any tendencey to clog the furnace.
Thated this 18th day at Vouch 1900
I, GEORGE LOUIS MORTON, of 19, Burton Street, Loughborough, in the County
of Leicester, formerly of Talbot House, Nottingham, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to improve the combustion in cupola furnaces
thereby economising fuel and preventing the clogging of the furnace.
It is well known that when a large quantity of air is blown into the bottom of a
column of incandescent fuel as in a cupola furnace carbonic acid is produced
which is converted into carbonic oxide by passing through the fuel and escapes
at the top in that form.
Attempts have been made to burn the escaping carbonic oxide by introducing
small subsidiary blasts at a higher level than the main blast but these attempts
have not been wholly successful.
According to this invention I introduce only a small quantity of air at or near
Year: 1899

page_text: JAMES EDWARD FITCHEW, 498, Kingsland Road, London, N.E., Saw Maker and
Tool Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My saw will be made from eight to twelve inches long from half inch to one
inch wide at one end and from one eighth of an inch to quarter of an inch at the
ether end and will be curved, or in other words made hollow along the cutting
edge and the teeth will be cut so they point to the wide end of the saw or handle
end. So the action of the saw will be to cut as you pull it to you. I shall make
the handle from wood with a metal end & fit it with froni one to 3 screws to screw
to saw to keep it rigid.
JAMES EDWARD FITCHEW, Saw Maker & Tool Merchant, 498, Kingsland Road,
London, N.E., do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:—
I make my saw (Fig. 2) from 8 inch to 14 inches long from inch to inch
wide at the butt or handle end, and from inch to inch at the point & cut the
teeth the reverse way so the saw cuts as you pull it to you; the cutting edge is
slightly curved; a hole H is drilled in the wide end to fix it to handle; I denotes
bevill on back to ensure easier turning the handle A Fig. 1 is turned from wood
from 7 in. to 9 inches long with a metal end B with a socket F to admit the saw
and fitted with two screws D and E screw D passes through H in the saw into
hole C and screw E presses against saw and fixes it; the two screws G fix the metal
end to wood.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
The improved saw substantially as shown and described.
An Improvement in Enemas.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 16th May, 1899-Accepted, 1st July, 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in Enemas.
I, FREDERICK WILLIAM INGRAM, of The London India Rubber Works, Felstead
Street, Hackney Wick, in the County of Middlesex, India Rubber Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement; —
The invention has for its object to render the end of the suction tube of an enema
silent in use, and to impart thereto a neat and finished appearance.
My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is
a view of a complete enema having the silent end formed on the end of the
suction tube. Fig. 2 is a view of the end of the suction tube before the valve
is inserted, and Fig. 3 is a section of the end of the suction tube with the valve in
position.
My invention relates more particularly to that class of enemas formed by
dipping and known as "seamless," but it is also applicable to an ordinary moulded
enema.
a is the delivery tube with the usual rectum pipe b, c is the bulb, and d the
suction pipe. The valve e is formed with a roughened exterior surface and a
central rib, so that it is securely held by the suction pipe d, which latter is formed
with a rolled up end to form a ring f. The valve c is inserted entirely in the
end of the suction tube d and the ring f acts as a pad or buffer to prevent the
end of the valve coming into contact with the utensil or basin when the enema
is in use.
The ring may in some cases be formed by moulding instead of by
rolling.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is;-
-
1. An enema having the suction valve inserted entirely within the body of the
suction tube, which latter is formed with a ring at its end, substantially as herein
shown and described and for the purpose stated.
2. A seamless enema having the suction valve inserted entirely within the
suction tube, which latter has a rolled ring at its end, substantially as herein
shown and described and for the purpose stated.
Dated this 16th day of May 1899.
An Improved Departure Indicator for Railway Stations.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Apr., 1899-Accepted, 7th Oct., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Departure Indicator for Railway Stations.
I, REYNOLD KOCHER, of Bevilard, Canton of Berne, Switzerland, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement: -
This improved departure indicator may be made in many different ways; for
example it may be composed of a band on which are printed the figures of the
minutes from 1 to 15, or from 1 to 30, as it is desired to indicate 15 or 30 minutes
beforehand, the exact hour of the departure of a train the band being moved
every minute by any suitable arrangement before an opening so that the
numbers of minutes remaining may be seen, those numbers appearing successively
every minute.
There will be of course as many bands as there are railway lines coming to a
station, each ribbon corresponding to one or two openings placed in opposite
directions, when the apparatus indicates on two opposite sides.
Instead of a band, discs, cylinders or rings mounted on an arm may be used,
bearing the figures on their circumference, these figures appearing in the same
decreasing order as above, in front of one or two suitable openings, the arm re-
ceiving every minute the necessary impulse to make it turn one fraction of a
circuit corresponding to the passing of one number in front of one or several
openings on to the next number.
In front of each opening, the name of the corresponding railway line must be
inscribed, and an indication such as the following one may be added to it:
"The train for Boston leaves in minutes" the opening on which the number
appears being placed between the words "in" and "minutes."
In order to obtain the necessary motion of the indicator bearing the numbers,
discs, bands, cylinders, rings, etc., any sort of mechanism may be used, be it
electric, pneumatic, or any other that may be found suitable.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
An improved departure indicator for railway stations, showing the number of
minutes remaining until the departure of a train, the same indicator having as
many openings as there are lines, the numbers of minutes being caused to
appear at the suitable moment in those openings by the means of any suitable
mechanism.
Diated this 5th day of A1 1900
Improvements in Electric Cable Conduits.
Year: 1899

page_text: Improvements in Electric Cable Conduits.
I, GEORGE EDWARD HEYL-DIA, of 55, Market Street, Manchester, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a new make of conduit for use in the laying of cables,
consisting of a composition of india-rubber and pitch or other and like pigments
moulded drawn or pressed and vulcanised in continuous lengths. Such conduit
is also formed with one, two or more chambers and when laid in the ground may
be supported and enclosed by foundation and top covering boards held together
by bolts and nuts or other suitable means.
The advantages of this construction of conduit is that it will readily follow
a bend in the ground, is water-proof, and avoids the numerous joints now
required with the ordinary earthenware make of conduit.
F YOU
JD
1800
GEORGE EDWARD HEYL-DIA.
By John G. Wilson & Co.,
Agents.
I, GEORGE EDWARD HEYL-DIA, of 55, Market Street, Manchester, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to a new make of conduit for use in the laying of cables.
consisting of a composition of india-rubber and pitch or other and like pigments,
moulded, drawn or pressed, and vulcanised in continuous lengths. Such conduit
is (or may be) also formed with one, two or more chambers, and when laid in the
ground may be supported and enclosed by foundation and top covering boards
held together by bolts and nuts or other suitable means.
The advantages of this construction of conduit is that it will readily follow a
bend in the ground, is water-proof and avoids the numerous joints now required
with the ordinary earthenware-make of conduit.
The proportion of pitch to india rubber is such as to ensure the proofing of
the rubber, and the proportion of india-rubber to the whole composition should
not exceed ten per cent,

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1: A conduit for use in laying electric cables, consisting of a composition of
india-rubber and pitch or the like moulded, drawn or pressed into the required
shape and length, and then vulcanised, substantially as set forth.
Dated 19th day of Sentember 1900.
GEORGE EDWARD HEYL-DIA.
By John G. Wilson & Co.,
Manchester.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Nov., 1899-Accepted, 20th Jan., 1900
I, ARTHUR LOUIS MARIA SCHENKE, of Jülich, in the Empire of Germany,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, and accompanying drawing, that is to say: -
The improved inkstand which forms the subject of my present invention is
illustrated in the accompanying drawing, which shows a perspective view of the
inkstand from one end.
It has any desired number of ink-holders for different colours or kinds of inks,
and also separate spaces or compartments for keeping different appliances or
adjuncts useful when writing, so that a very convenient and useful combination
of devices is obtained.
Such an improved inkstand consists of a number of ink glasses or
holders, d, e, f, arranged in the centre, and in front of and behind these ink
glasses, fixed ribbed or grooved surfaces or trays g,h to receive and carry pen-
holders, pencils and the like.
On the outer side of each of these two trays, are arranged boxes i, k, divided
into a sufficient number of small receptacles, the boxes having hinged covers as
shown, and drawers l, m, n, and o, sliding in recesses
or spaces under the
trays g, h, are arranged at each end of the inkstand, to hold small articles useful
for the writing table, or when writing, such as markers, erasing rubber, seals,
pins, and the like.
The inkstand described and shown may be made without the part at the back
of the ink glasses, only the corresponding part in front being retained, so that
it ends at the back as shown by the dotted line, the tray g, and the parts k, m,
and n being omitted, and a single receptacle for writing appliances retained.
It may be made of wood, metal, or other suitable material or materials.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
An inkstand having ink-holders d, e, f, arranged in the middle, and adjoining
the grooved or ribbed trays g, h for holding penholders, pencils, and the like;
receptacles i, k, having moveable covers being arranged outside the trays g, h,
and drawers l, m, n, o, sliding in recesses below the trays g, h, being arranged
at each end of the inkstand, substantially as described, and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
12
1
Improvements in Carbons for Electric Arc Lamps.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Mar., 1899-Accepted, 6th May, 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Carbons for Electric Arc Lamps.
I, DANIEL BACON, of 23rd Avenue, Bensonhurst, Borough of Brooklyn, County
of Kings, City and State of New York, United States of America, Inventor, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My improvement consists in an electric are lamp carbon having a longitudinal
groove or opening extending inwardly as far as the circumferential line of
the crater or are which will be formed during the use of the carbon, but not to
the centre or axis of the carbon.
In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a side view of an electric arc
lamp carbon embodying my improvement. Figures 2, 3 and 4 are transverse
sections, one of which corresponds to the carbon illustrated in Figure 1, and the
others of which illustrate modifications.
A designates the carbon. It may be made of any suitable composition. As
shown in Figures 1 and 2 it is of cylindric form. It is provided with a longi-
tudinal groove or opening extending as far as the circumferential line of the
crater or arc which will be formed during the use of the carbon, but not as far as
the center or axis of the carbon.
In Figure 3I have shown a groove or aperture of somewhat different shape.
In Figure 4 I have shown a carbon having an oblique groove or aperture.
The purpose of forming the groove or aperture in the carbon as far only as
the circumference of the crater or arc which will be formed during the use of
the carbon instead of to the center or axis of the carbon, is to prevent waste of
carbon resulting from cutting away a full segment of the carbon, and yet to
open a path from the are of light or crater for the unobstructed transmission of
light to the objective point. The crater or arc of light in a carbon being the
point of maximum heat, obviously a segment cut therefrom materially shortens
the life of the carbon, while the specific purpose of the groove is accomplished
by sinking it only to the eircumference of the arc or crater.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
1 claim is:
An electric arc lamp carbon having a longitudinal groove or opening extend-
ing inwardly as far as the circumferential line of the crater or are which will be
formed during the use of the carbon, but not to the center or axis of the carbon,
substantially as specified.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
Drawing Board Rest.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Sept., 1899-Accepted, 28th Oct.,
1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Drawing Board Rest.
HARRY WILLIAM ROBERTS, Kingston House, Newmarket, Architect, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
:-
The invention is intended to be screwed to the underside of a drawing board
in the centre; it then enables the board to be put at almost any angle with the
table, to better catch the light and suit the convenience of the user; the board can
also be revolved so that any part of a large map, plan or drawing thereon, can be
readily brought into a close and easy position for working on or examination.
It consists of 4 pieces of wood so joined together that a firm support is afforded
for the drawing board in almost any position.
I will now more particularly describe by means of the drawings the working
parts of the board rest.
The plan, side and end elevations shew the two corresponding sides A & B the
cross piece C firmly secured to the sides and the small square piece D which is
screwed to the underside of the drawing board. There is a strong steel screw
with the head let into, and revolving easily through D but firmly screwed into
the cross piece C, this allows the part D and the drawing board screwed to it to
revolve.
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The part C is so placed in relation to the sides of A & B, that the drawing board
resting on A, B & C can be placed at most required angles with the table by
placing the drawing board so that it projects more over the edge of the table,
altering the inclination of drawing board.
There is a groove at C, C on the edges of the part C to allow india-rubber
rings to be put over, to protect the table if so desired, but the rest works well
and is complete without them.
The rest can be made in different sizes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is--
(I) A drawing board rest enabling a large plan map or drawing to be easily
worked on from a natural standing or sitting position without cramping the body.
(II) The drawing board rest substantially as described and shewn on the
drawings.
Dated this 22nd day of September 1899.
Improvements in Frames for Bicycles.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 13th June, 1899-Accepted, 15th July, 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Frames for Bicycles.
I, REGINALD HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert Haddan & Co., of 18, Buckingham
Street, Strand, London, W.C., Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention a communication to me from abroad by Pierre Marti, of Barcelona,
in the Kingdom of Spain, Manufacturer, and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
This invention relates to an improved frame for a bicycle, consisting of two
circles A, A, suitably connected together at various places around their circum-
ference, and provided with means of attachment for the saddle, steering head,
driving gear, and the back wheel, and so spaced from one another at the rear
part as to provide the space for the back wheel, which thus lies between
them. This improved frame is represented in the annexed drawings, in which
Figure 1, is a side elevation partly in perspective. Figure 2, is a view of one of
the circles with lugs thereon, and certain holes for the attachment of the seat
pillar D, at D1, the steering head E at E1, E2, the pillar G for supporting the
bearing gear wheel G¹, at G, and the brackets H H at H', H. The steering
head Eis of suitable construction, and may be encased within a sculptured figure
in the manner illustrated in the drawing. If desired the bracket H may also have
an ornamental form, representing for instance, a butterfly, as illustrated in the
drawing, having at H³, Figure 3, a slot for the reception and adjustment of the
rear wheel axle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
In a bicycle frame;
1. The combination of two circular frames A A', having lugs and holes for their
adjustment respectively to the scat pillar bracket, steering head, gear wheel,
supporting frame, and rear wheel axle brackets substantially as described.
2. The construction of the frame substantially as described and illustrated in
the accompanying drawing.
1000
Process for the Acidification of Milk used in the Manufacture of Margarine.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Jan., 1899-Accepted, 25th Feb., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Process for the Acidification of Milk used in the Manufacture of
Margarine.
I, CARL MÜLLER, of Rixdorf, near Berlin, Germany, Merchant, do hereby
leclare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment:
In the manufacture of the finer quality of margarine it has hitherto been cus-
tomary to employ only cream and rick milk because it has been generally accepted
that the aroma evolved as the acidification proceeds comes from the milk fat. In
the experiments however which have led to the present invention it has been shewn
that lean milk or milk poor in fat can at least give off the same aroma if the
process of this invention is employed, and if employed in conjunction with the
use of rich milk a far better aroma is obtained than has hitherto been found
practicable.
The process of the invention consists in shutting off air tight the lean or poor
milk, or the rick milk, as the case may be, during the time of acidification. The
simplest way of doing this is to pour over the milk a suitably thick layer of fat
or the like. The air tight closure acts to keep off, during the acidification,
injurious outside influences, the volatilisation of the fine acetous aroma is pre-
vented and further renders difficult injurious changes in the milk.
Of course in order to attain a good acidification all the usual care must be
taken, especially in the maintenance of a proper temperature, the duration of the
acidification, having regard to the temperature at the time and well ventilated
spaces having an important effect.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. Process for the acidification of milk used in the manufacture of margarine,
said process consisting in shutting off the milk air tight during the acidification,
for the purpose of evolving a strong aroma in the same, substantially as described.
2. The method of shutting off the milk air tight referred to in Claim 1, by pour-
ing fat or the like over the same, substantially as described.
Dated this 12th day of January 1899.
THOMAS R. SHILLITO,
15, Tooks Court, London, E.C., Agent for the Applicant.
Improved Steel and Process of Manufacturing the same.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Apr., 1899-Accepted, 2nd June, 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Steel and Process of Manufacturing the same.
I, WILLIAM HUMPHREY WHEATLEY, of the Firm of Wheatley and Mackenzie,
Engineers and Patent Agents, of 40, Chancery Lane, in the County of London, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention, a communication to me from La
Société Générale des Aciers fins, of 32, Rue Caumartin, Paris, in the Republic of
France, and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement;
This invention relates to a special or improved steel for tools such as round
gravers, chisels for warm or cold metal, scissor blades, large screw taps, punches,
square bits for granite quarries, stamps, smiths' set hammers, dyes, hammers,
boring machines and similar tools, produced by smelting certain bodies in fixed
proportions with iron and by a process hereinafter described.
We are thus able with the Martin furnaces to produce fine qualities of steel in the
same quantities as ordinary kinds of steel, with a breaking strain of about
150 kilogrammes per square millimeter and an expansion of 10%.
The commerical result is shown in the production of fine steel possessing excep- -
tional qualities and produced in the most economical manner.
In carrying out the improved process for the production of steel according to
this invention we put in the casting charge and carrying on the operation at a
high degree of temperature bring the bath to such a heat that a sample taken
out and hammered into a slab of about 6 millimeters thick, is capable, after being
steeped in water, of being bent to an angle of 45° without cracking at such angle.
We then add to the charge about
6% of ferro-manganese and about
3% of ferro-silicum
and first run into the pocket at the bottom of which is aluminium mixed with
7 to 10 one hundredths % of pulverised ferro-chromium; then forming ingots which
we work out with the pestle and after steeping, bring the material to a temperature
suitable for completing the annealing.
The steel thus produced has a power of resistance of 150 kilogrammes per square
millimeter, whilst capable of expansion to the extent of 10% as already mentioned.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The improved steel produced by means of iron, ferro-manganese, ferro-
silicum, aluminium and ferro-chromium in the proportions given above, and in the
manner explained in the preceding description.
2. The improved process for the manufacture of steel substantially as described.
Dated this 4th day of April 1899.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Bricks, Tiles, Artificial Stone, and the like.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Oct., 1899-Accepted, 11th Nov., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Bricks, Tiles, Artificial Stone,
and the like.
We, ALEXANDER CATKOSINSKI, of Kempen, near Posen, Merchant, and LEOPOLD
WEINTRAUB, of Ernstrasse, 3, Breslau, Merchant, both in the German Empire,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
This invention relates to the production or manufacture of bricks, tiles, arti-
ficial stone and the like by the process and from the materials hereinafter
described. The new articles are distinguished by the possession of great hard-
ness and strength and are more impenetrable to water, and of lower specific
gravity than other similar articles now in use.
In carrying out this invention, we mix about two parts of hydraulic cement
with about four parts of coal waste or slack, moisten the mixture with water and
compress the product in suitable moulds.
It is well known that coal in powder possesses the property of absorbing gases,
which property sometimes gives rise to spontaneous combustion. The herein-
before described mixture of coal dust with cement consequently also contains a
considerable quantity of absorbed air, which becomes liberated by the addition
of water and remains diffused through the hardening material. As a result, the
new material is very light and a bad conductor of heat, which properties make it
especially useful.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. The hereinbefore described production or manufacture of bricks, tiles, arti-
ficial stone and the like which consists in mixing waste coal or slack with about
half its weight of hydraulic cement, moistening the mixture with water and
compressing the product in suitable moulds, substantially as set forth.
2. As new articles of manufacture, bricks, tiles, artificial stone and the like
composed of a mixture of coal dust or slack and hydraulic cement and produced
as set forth in the preceding claim.
Dated this fith day of Datoho An 1900
W. E HEYS & SON,
Agents for the Applicants.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Cement.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Cement.
I, CHARLES JOHN POTTER, of Heaton Hall, Newcastle-on-Tyne, Cement Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
According to this invention burnt clay (preferably clay such as is used for the
manufacture of red bricks) is ground with ordinary cement clinker.
The cement thus produced withstands the action of sea water far better than
ordinary Portland cement.
T
1
011 1
T 1
1000
I, CHARLES JOHN POTTER, of Heaton Hall, Newcastle-on-Tyne, Cement Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
According to this invention burnt clay (preferably clay such as is used for the
manufacture of red bricks) is ground with ordinary cement clinker.
The cement thus produced withstands the action of sea water far better than
ordinary Portland cement.
The clay I prefer to employ is a blue clay commonly found in Northumberland
and used for making red bricks but other clays or Medway mud may be used.
The proportion of burnt clay it is best to add to the burnt cement clinker is 55%
of the weight of the clinker but good results are obtained when as much as
100% of clay is added and as low as 25%.
The clay should be baked about equal to a soft red brick in order to get the
best results and this burning is most important for if the clay is too hard burnt
it becomes quite inert and if too soft the tests are bad. The mixture must be
very intimate and the grinding fine.
I am aware that ground or pulverised bricks have been mixed with cement to
make concrete or mortar and that burnt clay has also been used for concrete but
in such cases these materials have never so far as I am aware been ground
sufficiently fine to effect my object and I make no claim to such mixtures.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
The manufacture of cement by finely grinding and intimately mixing cement
clinker and burnt clay substantially as described.
Data: 041
1000
Improvements in Cycle Gearing.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 14th June, 1899-Accepted, 15th July, 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cycle Gearing.
1, JOHN BROWNE, of 10, Mildmay Road, London, N., Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
This invention relates to improvements in cycle gearing and refers particularly
to what is known as a "chainless gearing," wherein toothed wheels are employed
as the propelling mechanism in lieu of the ordinary chain and sprocket wheels.
In accordance with my invention I attach a bevil wheel to the ordinary hub
of the cycle and gearing with this I have a pinion actuated from the pedals
by a pair of bevil wheels and a connecting spindle all worked from the pedal
crank axle. The gear wheels are contained in suitably arranged framings or
carriers and attachable and detachable covers of a light sheet metal or other
suitable material may be used to close same in and render same dust and dirt
proof. Further one of the bottom stays of the machine is divided and serves as
the spindle carrying at each end one of the pinions of the driving mechanism.
The following is a description of the drawings:-Figure 1, is a plan of the
driving mechanism. constructed and arranged in accordance with this invention;
and Figure 2, is an elevational view of the wheels and framing of a bicycle
fitted with my improvements. Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in
each figure. is a bevil wheel mounted upon pedal crank b, and revolved by
the action of the pedals. Gearing with the wheel a, is the pinion c, carried upon
the spindle d, at the other end of which spindle is the pinion e, gearing with the
bevil wheel f, fitted to the hub g, of the driving wheel. h, is a suitably
arranged casing or framing in which the bevil wheels e, and f, are carried and
i, is a bracket or carrier for supporting the wheel c. One of the bottom stays
may be utilized for the spindle d, as shewn. k, is a spindle passing through the
framing h, and upon which is a bearing for the support of the Devil wheel e.
The gearing is preferably enclosed in suitable sheet metal or other boxes or
covers which may contain grease or other lubricant, see l, m, Fig. 2.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
The improvements in cycle gearing consisting of the combination and arrange-
ment of bevil wheels a, c, e, f; carrying frameshi; spindle k; and dust proof
cases, m; with the bottom stay serving as pinion spindle d; and ordinary
driving wheel hub g; substantially as shown and described.
Dated this 14th June 1899