IMPROVE- MENTS IN GAS ENGINES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Max Sombart at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st May 1882.
CHARLES MAX SOMBART of Magdeburg in the Empire of Germany "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN GAS ENGINES."
These improvements relate to a Gas Engine worked by the explosion of a
mixture of compressed gas and air and consist of:-
Firstly of an oblique arrangement of the compression cylinder behind the motor
cylinder in such a manner as to admit of the application of both the connecting
rods to one common crank pin and to obtain an ideal advance of the crank of the
motor cylinder in relation to that of the compression cylinder.
Secondly of a peculiar arrangement for regulating the Gas Engine.
Thirdly in the use of a back pressure valve which is not opened as usually by
the pressure within the compression cylinder, but mechanically opened and closed
and by means of which a communication between the compression and motor
cylinder is effected.
Fourthly to the application of a new combined gas and air valve.
Fifthly to an igniting device and,
Sixthly to a selfacting lubricating devica
The motor works vertically and both the motor eylinder and the compressing
cylinder are cast in one piece with the main frame or can also be connected to the
main frame separately. The clearance between the inner walls of the main frame
and the exterior of the two cylinders serves to receive cooling water.
At the top
of the two upright extensions of the frame there are arranged the bearings for the
driving shaft having only one crank to which the connecting rods of both the
motor cylinder and the compressing cylinder are coupled.
The different parts serving to regulate the Engine are placed on a separate shaft
and driven from the main shaft.

page_text: The separate shaft through rods and suitable devices imparts motion to the
igniting slide valve to the centrifugal governor and to the selfacting lubricating
device and also to the valve which serves for mixing the air with the gas and to
admit the mixture to the compression cylinder and to the valve is destined for
establishing and interrupting communication between the compression and motor
cylinder.
At the side of the frame there is adapted the exhaust valve which is actuated
by a rod acted upon by a cam placed on the nave of the fly wheel.
The igniting device consists of a side valve face plate of a case and of a flat
slide valve working between the two latter and kept tight by means of stud screws
and spiral springs which press the case upon the said slide valve and this upon its
slide face of the face plate.
The hollow part of the case forms a chamber for the gas burner the latter being
fed with ordinary light gas and its flame burning constantly just before the opening
from the case.
The slide valve face plate is provided with an opening which communicates with
the lower part of the motor cylinder by means of a channel. At the upper end of
the face plate there is a gutter or recess opening outwardly. The slide valve is
provided with an oblique perforation which according to the position of the said
slide valve communicates either with the gutter and opening to the said case or
with the opening to the channel to the motor cylinder.
The case of the valve between the compression and motor cylinders which is not
opened by the pressure produced within the compression cylinder at each down-
stroke but opened mechanically is cast in one piece with the slide valve face plate.
When the said valve between the cylinder is opened by a cam or other device the
mixture of gas and air compressed in the compression cylinder passes through a
tube and the said valve and by the channel therefrom into the combustion chamber
of the motor cylinder beneath the piston thereof for the purpose of being ignited
therein.
The ignition of the mixture is effected by a transmitting flame which is fed
by a portion of the mixture of gas and air taken directly from the compression
cylinder and ignited by the flame of a burner burning constantly before the
opening. The flame thus produced ignites the mixture of gas and air in the motor
cylinder through the slide valve which moves accordingly.
This is effected in the following manner.
The slide valve face plate has a channel formed therein in the direction of its
length, which channel is closed at the upper end by a screw. The lower part of
this channel is enlarged and closed by means of a long pointed screw. At the
point where the enlarged part of the channel meets the narrowed part an annular
orifice is established on account of the point of the screw entering into the said
narrowed part of the channel. The passage of this annular orifice is diminished or
augmented by adjusting the end of the pointed screw. The lower or enlarged
part of the channel is put into communication with the channel or outlet of the
valve between the compression and motor cylinders by means of a slot so that a
portion of the mixture arriving from the compression cylinder is forced to pass
through the said annular orifice into the channel. Besides the oblique perforation
the igniting slide valve is provided with two small holes crossing each other at a
right angle. The one hole opens into the perforation in the slide valve. It is by
means of these two holes and by the slot made in the upper part of the channel
in the slide valve face plate that the latter communicates with the perforation in
the slide valve at the determined position of the said valve. Therefore a portion
of the mixture coming from the compression cylinder is caused to flow through
the various passages before mentioned into the said perforation in the said slide
valve.
The transmitting flame is produced in the following manner.
When the igniting slide valve occupies the highest position the perforation
therein communicates with the gutter opening to the exterior of the slide valve

page_text: face plate and the one of the cross holes therein with the slot leading to the
channel in the slide valve face plate while the openings to the igniting flame and
motor cylinder are kept covered by the igniting valve so that in this position of
the latter a portion of the compressed mixture of gas and air while passing from
the cylinder into the motor cylinder is caused to flow at the same time through
the various passages before mentioned whereby a draught is produced on account
of the perforation in the slide valve communicating with the exterior through the
aforesaid gutter.
When the igniting slide valve descends the mouth of the perforation therein
slides over the small opening the burner case so that the constantly burning flame
therein ignites the said portion of mixture of gas and air which escapes through
the hole u into the perforation in the slide valve and therefrom through the
aforesaid gutter
The flame thus produced which I hereinafter call "intermittent flame" burns
within the said channel and gutter and when the igniting slide valve is moved
down so far that it is shut off from the communication with the exterior by the
gutter the flame will still continue to burn inside the valve. At the same moinent
the latter uncovers the opening leading to the motor cylinder enabling thereby
the intermitting flame to come in contact with the compressed mixture of gas and
air in the channel to and the combustion chamber in the motor cylinder and to
ignite the said mixture.
The long pointed screw before mentioned has for its purpose to compensate for
the difference of pressure of the portion of the compressed mixture which serves to
produce the said intermittent flame.-The compressed mixture in passing through
the small annular orifice into the passages into the slide valve reduces thereby its
pressure to a point at which it can be ignited by the ordinary flame of the burner.
As soon as the perforation in the slide valve communicates with the opening to
the motor cylinder at the downstroke of the said slide valve the intermittent
lame thus produced then effects the ignition of the compressed mixture of gas and
air in the combustion chamber of the motor cylinder. .
In order to prevent the constantly burning flame from being extinguished by
the back pressure at the moment of the explosion the opening in the burner case
is already closed by the igniting valve when the explosion takes place.
The combined air and gas valve consists of two chambers separated from each
other by a valve. The upper chamber is divided by a partition into two com-
partments communicating with each other by perforations in the said partition.
Into the upper compartment atmospheric air is admitted. The lower compart-
ment is internally provided with an annular chamber which is in communication
with the gas inlet pipe. Between the said annular chamber and the lower
chamber communication is established by perforations formed in the face of the
seat upon which the valve closes. The lower chainber communicates with the
compressing cylinder by an opening and with the admission valve by means of a
pipe. At the upstroke of the compression piston the valve is opened and air is
drawn into the cylinder through the air passage and perforations in the partition
and at the same time gas is drawn in through the perforations in the valve seating.
As the gas and the air are caused to flow through numerous small perforations
and to meet afterwards each other while passing through the central passage of
the valve a thoroughly intimate mixture is obtained.
During the downstroke of the compression piston the valve is closed and the
mixture of gas and air drawn in is forced through the pipe valve and channel into
the lower part of the motor cylinder.
The proportion of mixture is constant and entirely independent upon the lift of
the valve on account of the air and gas not flowing through the free central passage
of the said valve but each through numerous small perforations the whole sectional
passage or area of the latter forming a determined fraction of that of the former
perforations. Therefore the degree of mixture depends only on the ratio of the
free passages of the perforations for air and gas.

page_text: The engine is regulated by a Governor acting by means of a peculiarly shaped
cain upon the admission valve which is always opened by this cam at the same
time but closed sooner or later during the upstroke of the compression piston
according to the position of the cam effected by the movement of the Governor the
extent of acting surface of the cam being regulated by the said Governor
The valve is kept closed by the tension of a spiral spring placed in a socket and
sufficiently strong to overcome the atmospheric pressure which acts upon the valve
whilst the mixture is drawn in. According to the regulation the said valve
sometimes is closed while the compression piston is still moving upwards at a
point lying more or less far off from the piston end of the upstroke.
If this take place the mixture drawn in will be rarefied during the remaining
part of the upstroke of the compression piston and at the downstroke, firstly,
brought back again to its original atmospheric pressure and then as the valve is
sooner or later shut up compressed to a pressure which forms a more or less great
fraction of that pressure which the mixture would obtain if the valve had been
open during the whole upstroke of the piston. From this it will be seen that the
pressure of the mixture drawn in will be greater or smaller as the governor shuts
up the valve later or sooner.
The selfacting lubricating device operated by the separate shaft consists of an oil
cup through the bottom and top of which pass pins. In the bottom the latter
protrude bushes the interior diameter of which is a little larger than the pins so
that when the latter are in a state of rest oil can enter the clearance between the
pin and bush; but the oil cannot drop out on account of its adhesion.
When the pins raise a small quantity of oil collected within the said clearance is
stripped off at the lower edge of the bushes and falls in drops into cups from which
it is conveyed to both the cylinders by means of small pipes. The said pins are
moved by means of a projection fixed on the said separate shaft lifting the pins at
each revolution by operating upon the tappets thereon. As soon as a projection
has passed one of the tappets the respective pin descends by its own weight and
causes thus a drop of oil to fall into the cup beneath at every revolution of
the shaft.
The Engine operates in the following manner.
Supposing the piston of the compression cylinder to be in its lowest position and
commence its upstroke the cam having at the same time opened the admission
valve for air and gas. The piston of the compression cylinder then draws in a
mixture of gas and air through the said valve until it is closed again. During the
downstroke the said mixture of gas and air drawn in is first compressed then the
valve between the compression and motor cylinders and the mixture already
compressed passes to beneath the motor piston. During this time the exhaust
valve is closed and the igniting slide valve has performed the above mentioned
phases necessary to prepare or perform the ignition of the mixture. Shortly after
the piston of the compression cylinder reaches its lowest position the ignition of
the mixture below the motor piston takes place in the described manner.
As the axis of the cylinders form an angle with each other both the pistons
thereof cannot simultaneously arrive at their lowest positions for the motor piston
will reach that position before the compression piston.
While the latter completes its downstroke the motor piston has already
commenced its upward stroke and the mixture in the combustion chamber expands
in the proportion of the spaces travelled through by the pistons. From this it
results that the ignition of the mixture does not take place at the endstroke of the
motor piston but at that of the compression cylinder In this position the valve
between the cylinders is already closed and the ignited gases expand acting with
great force on the motor piston which thereby is caused to ascend and transmit
motion to the crank shaft.
Immediately before the motor piston has completed its upstroke the exhaust
valve is opened so that the products of combustion can escape through it into the
open air during the following downstroke of the motor piston. The said exhaust

page_text: valve is kept open until the motor piston has made a portion of its upstroke At
this position the said valve is closed.
In order to expel the products of combustion as much as possible from the motor
cylinder to allow the motor piston to descend as far down as possible without
compressing the mixture in the compression cylinder to a greater pressure than
that produced when the whole charge is forced into the motor cylinder I place the
compression cylinder in an oblique direction to the latter so that at the portions of
the stroke stated and for the purpose described the motor piston occupies a lower
position than the compression piston.
In arranging the compression cylinder obliquely to the motor cylinder I
consequently obtain the saine result as if the crank of the motor piston were in
advance to that of the compression pistou at an angle corresponding to that at which
the cylinders are placed with each other.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Charles Max Sombart in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
27th October 1882.
CHARLES MAX SOMBART of Magdeburg in the Empire of Germany "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN GAS ENGINES."
These improvements relate to a Gas engine worked by the explosion of a mixture
of compressed gas and air and consists:-
Firstly of an oblique arrangement of the compression Cylinder behind the motor
cylinder in such a manner as to admit of the application of both the connecting
rods to one common Crank pin and to obtain an ideal advance of the crank of the
motor cylinder in relation to that of the compression cylinder.
Secondly of a peculiar arrangement for regulating the gas engine.
Thirdly in the use of a back pressure valve which is not opened as usual by the
pressure within the compression cylinder but mechanically opened and closed and
by means of which the Communication between the Compression cylinder and the
motor cylinder is effected.
Fourthly to the application of a new combined gas and air valve.
Fifthly to an igniting device and
Sixthly to a self acting lubricating device.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to
the several figures on the annexed sheet of drawings the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the corresponding figures.
Figure 1 is a vertical section of an engine constructed in accordance with my
Invention
Figure 2 a vertical section taken at right angles to Figure 1 and showing the
distributing mechanism partially in section and
Figure 3 a vertical section of the engine taken through the compression and
motor cylinders.
Figures 4 to 10 represent details drawn to an enlarged scale.

page_text: The motor works in a vertical position and both the Motor cylinder and the
compressing Cylinder B and C are cast in one piece with the main frame A or they
may be connected to the main frame separately. The clearance E between the
inner walls of the main frame and the exterior walls of the two cylinders serves
to receive cooling water.
At the top of the two upright extensions of the frame A there are arranged the
bearings for the driving shaft D having only one crank d to which the connecting
rods a and b of both the cylinders B and C are coupled.
The different parts serving to regulate the engine are placed on a separate
shaft H which is journalled in the bearings of the bracket R and driven from the
main shaft D by means of the gearing c¹, and c
The said shaft H imparts motion to the igniting slide valve S by means of the
crank pin d and rod e and to the valves K and L by the cams ƒ and g and rods f¹
and g¹. It also imparts motion to the centrifugal governor M and to the self
acting lubricating device N.
The valve, L serves for mixing the air with the gas and to admit the mixture
to the compression Cylinder C. The valve K is destined for establishing and
interrupting communication between the compression and motor cylinders.
At the side of the frame A there is situated the exhaust valve O, actuated by
the rod and acted upon by a cam, h, fixed on the nave of the fly wheel P.
The igniting device and the valve K are separately represented in the figures 5
to 8. The figure 5 shews an elevation of the slide valve face plate Q with cross
section of the valve K on the line 6-7 of figure 8.
Figure 6 is a longitudinal section of the igniting device at the line 2--3, figure 5.
Figure 7 is a similar section on the line 4-5, figure 8, which figure 8 is a
horizontal section of the said igniting device.
The igniting device consists of the slide valve face plate Q of the case, T, and of
the flat slide valve S, working between the parts Q and T and kept tight by means
of the stud screws i, i and spiral springs ¹¹ which press the case T upon the said
slide valve S and this latter upon its slide face on the face plate Q.
The hollow part of the case T forms a chamber t for the gas burner t¹ the latter
being fed with ordinary lighting gas and its flame burning constantly just before
the openings from the Case T.
The slide valve face plate Q is provided with an opening q which communicates
with the lower part of the motor Cylinder by means of a channel q'. At the upper
end of the face plate Q there is a gutter or recess opening outwardly.-The slide
valve S is provided with an oblique perforation u which according to the position
of the said slide valve communicates either with the gutter and openings to the
said case or with the opening q to the channel q¹ to the motor Cylinder.
The case of the valve K (which valve is not opened by the pressure produced
within the Compression Cylinder at each downstroke but is opened mechanically)
is cast in one piece with the slide valve face plate Q. When the valve K is opened
by the Cam fthe mixture of gas and air compressed in the cylinder C passes through
the tube o valve K and channel q' into the combustion Chamber F¹. of the motor
Cylinder B beneath the piston F for the purpose of being ignited therein.
The ignition of the mixture is effected by a transmitting flame The latter is fed
by a portion of the mixture of gas and air taken directly from the compression
Cylinder C and ignited by the flame of the burner t₁ burning constantly before the
opening s The flame thus produced ignites the mixture of gas and air in the
motor, cylinder through the slide valve S which moves accordingly. This is
effected in the following manner. The slide valve face plate Q has a channel
formed therein in the direction of its length (see more particularly Figure 7) which
channel is closed at the upper end by a screw v¹. The lower part of this Channel vis
enlarged and closed by means of the long pointed screw v³. At the point where the
enlarged part of the channel v meets the narrowed part an annular orifice is formed
by the point of the screw ³ entering into the said narrowed part of the channel v.
The passage of this annular orifice is diminished or augmented by adjusting the

page_text: end of the pointed screw to enter more or less the narrow part of the channel v.
The lower or enlarged part of the Channel v is put into communication with the
channel or outlet q' of the valve K by means of the slot v5. Figures 5 and 8 so that
a portion of the mixture arising from the compression Cylinder C is forced to pass
through the said annular orifice into the channel v.
Besides the oblique perforation the igniting valve S is provided with two
small holes u'. and u². crossing each other at a right angle as seen clearly in
Figure 8. The hole u² opens into the perforation u It is by means of these two
holes u and u² and by the slot made in the upper part of the channel v
Figures 5 and 7 that the latter communicates with the perforation u at the
determined position of the igniting valve S. Therefore a portion of the mixture
coming from the compression cylinder is caused to flow through the passages v³
vvu and u². figure 8 into the perforation u of the igniting valve S.
The transmitting flame is produced in the following manner :-
When the igniting valve S occupies its highest position the perforation u com-
municates with the gutter r and the hole u' with the slot while the openings a
and q are kept covered by the valve S so that in this position of the said valve a
portion of the compressed mixture of gas and air while passing from the cylinder C
into the motor cylinder B is caused to flow at the same time through the passage
vvv u u² and u. figure 8. Thereby a draught is produced on account of the
perforation u of the valve S communicating with the exterior through the
gutter r.
When the valve S descends the mouth of the perforation u slides over the small
openings of the burner case T so that the constantly burning flame at t' ignites
thereby the said portion of mixture of gas and air which escapes through the
hole u into the perforation u and through the gutter r.
The flame thus produced which I hereinafter call "the intermittent flame" burns
within the passage and and when the igniting valve is moved down so far
that it is shut up from the exterior it still continues to burn inside the valve S.
At the same moment the latter uncovers the opening q leading to the motor
cylinder B enabling thereby the intermittent flame to come in contact with the
compressed mixture of gas and air in the Channel q' and combustion chamber F"¹ in
the motor cylinder and to ignite the said mixture.
The regulation of the annular passage by the screw ³ has for its purpose to
compensate the difference of pressure of the portion of the compressed mixture
which serves to produce the said intermittent flame for the compressed mixture in
passing through the small annular orifice into the passage vv and u¹ reduces
thereby its pressure to a point at which it can be ignited by the ordinary flame of
the burner t'
As soon as the perforation u communicates with the opening q at the down-
stroke of the slide valve S the intermittent flame thus produced effects the ignition
of the compressed mixture of gas and air in the combustion Chamber F¹. of the
motor cylinder.
In order to prevent the constantly burning flame from being extinguished by
the back pressure at the moment of the explosion the openings in the burner
case T is already closed by the igniting valve S when the explosion takes place,
Figure 6 shows the position of the valve S at the moment of the explosion.
The combined air and gas valve (a vertical section and a top view of which are
shewn in figure 4) consists of two cases L and U both being separated from each
other by the valve . The upper valve case is divided by a partition into two
compartments L and L' communicating with each other by the perforations z
through the said partition.
Into the upper Compartment Latinospheric air is admitted through the pipe m.
The lower compartiment L' is internally provided with an annular chamber xx
which is in communication with the gas inlet pipe n. Between the said chamber
xx and the case U communication is established by the small perforations x¹. x¹.
formed through the face of the seat upon which the valve closes. The case U

page_text: communicates with the compressing cylinder C. by the opening o' and with the
admission valve K by means of the pipe o.-At the upstroke of the compression
piston G the valve is opened and air is drawn into the cylinder C. through the
pipe m. and perforations and at the same time gas is drawn in through the
perforations xi x².
As the gas and the air are caused to flow through numerous small perforations
and to meet afterwards each other while passing through the central passage of the
valve a thoroughly intimate mixture is obtained.
During the downstroke of the compression piston G the valve is closed and
the mixture of gas and air drawn in is forced through the pipe o valve K and
channel into the lower part of the motor cylinder B
The proportion of mixture is constant and entirely independent upon the lift of
the valve on account of the air and gas not flowing through the free central
passage of the said valve but each through numerous small perforations zz and
respectively the whole sectional passage or area of the latter forming a
determined fraction of that of the former perforations. Therefore the degree of
mixture depends only on the ratio of the free passages of the perforations ≈ and x¹
The engine is regulated by a governor acting upon the valve by means of a
peculiarly shaped cam g illustrated in figure 10 by two views at right angles to
each other. The valve is always opened by this cam at the same time but closed
by it sooner or later during the upstroke of the compression piston G according to
the position to which the cam y has been brought by the movement of the
governor M the extent of acting surface of the cam being regulated by the said
governor which acts through the bell crank lever m to slide the sleeve carrying
the cam in one or other direction as the governor balls move outwards or inwards
The valve is kept closed by the tension of a spiral spring Y¹ placed in the
socket Y figure 2 and sufficiently strong to overcome the atmospheric pressure
which acts upon the valve whilst the mixture is drawn in. According to the
regulation the said valve sometimes is closed while the compression piston G is
point more or less from the end of the upstroke of the
still moving upwards at a
piston.
If this take place the mixture drawn in will be rarefied during the remaining
part of the upstroke of the compression piston and at the downstroke firstly
brought back again to its original atmospheric pressure and then as the valve is
sooner or later shut up, compressed to a pressure which forms a more or less great
fraction of that pressure which the mixture would obtain if the valve would
have been open during the whole upstroke of the piston. From this it will be
seen that the pressure of the mixture drawn in will be greater or smaller as the
governor M shuts up the valve later or sooner.
The self acting lubricating device N figure 2 and 9 is operated by the shaft H
and consists of the oil cup 1 through the bottom and top of which pass two
pins 2, 2. In the bottom of the cup are the bushes 5, 5 the interior diameter of
which is a little larger than the pins so that when the latter are in a state of rest
in the bushes oil can enter the clearance between the pin and bush but the oil can
not drop out on account of its adhesion
When the pins rise a small quantity of oil collected within the said clearance
falls into one of the cups 6 from which it is conveyed to both the cylinders by
means of small pipes.
The pins 2, 2 are moved by means of the projection or projections 4 fixed on the
shaft H and lifting the pins 2, 2, at each revolution of the latter by operating upon
the tappets 3, 3. As soon as the projection 4 has passed one of the tappets the
respective pin 2 descends by its own weight and thus causes a drop of oil to fall
into a cup 6 at every revolution of the shaft H.
The Engine operates in the following mauner:
Supposing the piston G of the compression cylinder C be in its lowest position o
and just commenced its upstroke the cam g. having at the same time opened the
valve l. The piston G then draws in a mixture of gas and air through the valve

page_text: until the latter is closed again. During the downstroke the said mixture of gas
and air drawn in is compressed until the Crank pin d occupies the position indicated
by 3. It is in this position that the valve K is opened by the Cam f and the
mixture already compressed allowed to pass into the Chamber F' beneath the motor
piston. During this time the exhaust valve O is closed and the igniting slide
valve S has performed the before mentioned movements necessary to prepare for
and effect the ignition of the mixture. Shortly after the piston G reaches its
lowest position the ignition of the mixture below the motor piston F takes place in
the described manner.
As the axis of the cylinders form an angle with each other both the pistons F
and G can not simultaneously arrive at their lowest positions for the motor piston F
will reach it before the piston G. While the latter piston G completes its down
stroke from the position 4 to 0 Figure 3 the piston F is already travelling upwards
through the distance 0 to 4 and the mixture in the combustion chamber F¹ expands
in the proportion of the spaces travelled through by the pistons. From this it
results that the ignition of the mixture does not take place at the end stroke of
the motor piston F but at that of the compression cylinder G.
In this position
the valve K is already closed and the ignited gases expand acting with great force
on the piston F which thereby is caused to ascend and transmit motion to the crank
shaft D.
Immediately before the motor piston F has completed its upstroke the exhaust
valve O is opened by the cam h so that the products of combustion can escape
through it into the open air during the following downstroke of the piston F.
The said valve O is kept open until the piston F occupies the position 3. At this
position the said valve is closed.
In order to expel the products of the combustion as much as possible from the
motor cylinder or to allow the motor piston F to descend as far down as possible
without compressing the mixture in the cylinder C to a greater pressere than that
produced when the whole charge is forced into the motor cylinder BI place the
compression cylinder in the oblique direction to the latter so that at the position 3
the piston F occupies a lower position than the piston G
In arranging the compression cylinder obliquely to the motor cylinder I
consequently obtain the same result as if the crank of the motor piston were in
advance to that of the compression piston for an angle which form the axis of
the cylinders with each other.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the hereinbefore in part
recited Letters Patent is
First Iu a vertical gas engine having two cylinders and worked by the
explosion of a compressed mixture of gas and air the oblique arrangement of the
compression cylinder relatively to the motive cylinder in order to obtain an advance
of the motor piston in relation to the compression piston substantially as
hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings
Second The regulation of the herein before described vertical two cylinder gas
engine by means of an ordinary governor the peculiarly shaped cam gand a mixing
and admission valve L, L, the latter being loaded by a spring strong enough to overcome
the atmospheric pressure substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in
the accompanying drawings.
Third. The peculiar construction of the mixing valve in which the entrance of
air and gas is effected through several openings z and a presenting a free passage
in a determined ratio each other so that the proportion of mixture is always
constant and independent of the section and lift of the valve substantially as
herein before described and illustrated more particularly in Figure 4 of the
accompanying drawings.
Fourth. In the hereinbefore described vertical two cylinder gas engine effecting

page_text: the opening of the valve through which the compressed mixture of gas and air
passes from the compression cylinder to the working cylinder by the cam f and
rod f¹ or of equivalent mechanical contrivances substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings instead of by the pressure
produced at each downstroke in the compression cylinder.
Fifth The herein before described and illustrated igniting device consisting of
the slide valve face plate Q peculiarly perforated and provided with a screw for
reducing the pressure of the mixture arriving, and taken directly, from the
Compression cylinder and destined for feeding the intermittent flame inside the
valve S; further of the slide valve S and of an ordinary gas burner.
Sixth The self acting lubricating device N as hereinbefore described and
represented in Figures 2 and 9 of the accompanying drawings.
Seventh The general arrangement of the whole gas engine substantially as
herein before described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings
In witness whereof I the said Charles Max Sombart have to this my
Specification set my hand and seal this Third day of October One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
Signed and sealed in
}
the presence of
T. BUNDSCHUH,
Friedr. Biber.
CHARLES MAX SOMBART. (L.S.)