Improvements in or connected with Packings for Joints.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 20th May, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 20th Feb., 1893-Accepted, 29th Apr., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Packings for Joints.
I, ASPLAN BELDAM, of 77, Gracechurch Street, in the City of London,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to packings or packing material for use in the
working joints of fluid pressure engines or machines, and joints of pipes, and like
or analogous uses; and it has for its object, amongst others, when used in
connection with packing used in stuffing boxes, or analogous cases, to provide
elasticity or resiliency to such packings; while in the case of its application to the
joints of steam pipes, and other joints, it has the same object, namely, to give
elasticity.
According to this invention, the material is made of corrugated, plaited, or
equivalent form, by which form the material will compress, or yield under pressure,
or stresses, and will also follow the working of joints.
In the application of the invention in connection with the packing used in
stuffing boxes, I use the corrugated, plaited, or equivalently formed material behind
the packing proper, and it thus acts as a spring in this position, and keeps the
packing up to the surface of the rod or other part which is to be packed.
In the case of rods which do not work truly, and where great vibration exists,
the invention is particularly useful, since the elasticity and resiliency of the
material causes the packing to be constantly kept onto the surface of the rod.
One special construction of my improved backing material consists in making it
of metallic asbestos proofed and prepared specially.
This material, that is this corrugated, plaited, or equivalently formed material,
will bend or yield to any circle or form which the packing or jointing may be
required to assume. When it is applied as a jointing for pipes or parts of
machinery, it may, in some cases, be formed into rings to suit flanges.
Or, it may
be made in the form of tapes or strips or otherwise.
Dated this 19th dor of Mow 1000
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON, Fels. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Packings for Joints.
I, ASPLAN BELDAM, of 77, Gracechurch Street, in the City of London,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention has reference to packings or packing material for use in the
working joints of fluid pressure engines or machines, and joints of pipes and like or
analogous uses, and it has for its object, amongst others, when used in connection
with packing used in stuffing boxes or analogous cases, to provide elasticity or
resiliency to such packings; while in the case of its application to the joints of
steam pipes and other joints, it has the same object, namely, to give elasticity, as
well as to make tight joints.
According to this invention, the material is of corrugated, pleated, or equivalent
form, by which form the material will compress, or yield under pressure, or stresses,
and will also follow the working of joints.

page_text: In the application of the invention in connection with the packing used in
stuffing boxes, I use the corrugated, pleated, or equivalently formed material
behind the packing proper, and it thus acts as a spring in this position, and keeps
the packing up to the surface of the road or other part which is to be packed.
In the case of rods which do not work truly, and where great vibration exists,
the invention is particularly useful, since the elasticity and resiliency of the
material causes the packing to be constantly kept onto the surface of the rod.
One special construction of my improved backing material consists in making it
of metallic asbestos, proofed and prepared specially.
This material, that is this corrugated, pleated, or equivalently formed material,
will bend or yield to any circle or form the packing or jointing may be required to
assume. When it is applied as a jointing for pipes or parts of machinery, it may,
in some cases, be formed into rings to suit flanges. Or, it may be made in the form
of tapes or strips, or otherwise.
In the drawings accompanying this Specification, I shew some examples of the
application of my invention.
In these drawings,
Figures 1 and 2 are side view or plan, and cross section, of one arrangement or
form of packing provided with my improvements.
Figures 3 and 4 are plan and cross section shewing a modified arrangement.
Figure 5 is a perspective view of packing with the improvement under this
invention as arranged in Figures 1 and 2.
Figure 6 is a plan or side view, and Figure 7 a cross section, shewing another
modification of the invention.
Figures 8, 9, and 10 illustrate three forms of packing or jointing under this
invention; and
Figure 11 is a ring for flange packing, formed of the material shewn in
Figures 8, 9, and 10.
Figure 12 is a perspective view, shewing also in section, a modified form of the
jointing or packing formed in strips, tapes, or sheets; and
Figure 13 shews this form of material as a ring.
In the drawings, a designates, generally, throughout the various views, material
according to this invention made in corrugated or pleated form, by which form the
material will compress or yield under pressure and follow the working of the joint.
In one form this corrugated or pleated fabric is made of sheets of metallic asbestos,
and specially proofed and prepared.
In the packing shewn in Figures 1 and 2, the material a is combined with
ordinary packing material b, and is arranged on the back of same, the pleats or
corrugations of the material a running parallel with the rod or other part to be
packed. This material a therefore forms an elastic backing and cushion, it being
disposed between the outer edge of the packing b, and the inner surface of the
metal of the stuffing box, a part of which is shewn in Figure 1 and designated c.
In this figure, d is a covering of suitable material, enclosing the material a, and
connecting it with the material b, so as to make the whole, that is the parts a and b,
one packing.
In Figures 3 and 4, the corrugations or pleatings of the material a run circum-
ferentially round the material b, in lieu of transversely or longitudinally across the
back, as in Figures 1 and 2. Otherwise than in this respect, the packing is the
same as that shewn in Figures 1 and 2.
The packing shewn in Figure 5 illustrates the material a arranged as that
specified with reference to Figures 1 and 2, the material & being in this case of the
nature of that known as "Beldam's packing," comprising alternate layers of
corrugated sheet or foil metal and canvas or asbestos. Generally, with regard to
the material b, when the material a is directly combined or made up with it, it may
be taken to represent in the drawings any known form or construction of pliable
packing or packing material.
In the combination or arrangement shewn in Figures 6 and 7, the corrugated or

page_text: pleated material is used both as a backing to the packing material 6, and also as a
buffer or elastic medium between (and below and above, if desired) the different
rings or turns, consisting, of the parts a and b. In this case, vertical elasticity.
(when used in connection with a vertical rod or other part to be packed), or
elasticity in line with the rod, combined with elasticity at the back of the packing,
is afforded; and thus the invention provides fully all the resiliency required by the
packing under all conditions of use."
The pleated or corrugated material a shewn in Figure 8, represents it made up
in, or as, strips; while Figure 9 shews the same kind of material, the strips being
waved as shewn, in lieu of straight, as in Figure 8. In both these cases the pleats
or corrugations are rounded at the bend. Figure 10 shews a modification in which
the pleats or corrugations are sharp or angular instead of rounded.
Figure 11 represents my corrugated or pleated material made up into the form
of a ring for packing pipe and other joints, the corrugations or pleats running
circumferentially.
Figure 12 shews a ribbed packing material or backing for packing wherein the
ribs are of diamond section or equivalent form. This material may be made of
sheet asbestos, sheet rubber, asbestos and rubber insertion, gutta-percha or
equivalent substances.
In Figure 13 this latter form of material is shewn made up in the form of a ring
forming a packing ring for pipe joints or other analogous uses.
As regards the structure or kinds of goods of which the different forms of my
material (ie. the backing, and also jointing) are made, I employ what is termed
asbestos metallic cloth; of sheet cloth made up of canvas and asbestos and wire
gauze; gauze wire entirely; of sheet canvas and rubber insertion having canvas
between rubber sheets or vice versa; of sheet rubber and asbestos combined; of
sheet rubber, gauze wire and asbestos or canvas combined.
The gauze wire may be of iron or steel, brass, copper, white metal, or other
equivalent suitable alloy, lead or other suitable metal, according to the kind of
work to which it is to be applied.
As regards the corrugated material used for making the joints of pipes and
other flanges, I prefer to make it of sheet asbestos, sheet rubber, asbestos and
rubber insertion, or gutta percha or like substances made up into the forms
illustrated.
The specially proofed prepared asbestos material above specified is of a known
kind consisting of asbestos woven into cloths, and then proofed with rubber
solution; and this is more especially applicable in cases where high temperatures
exist.
In cases in which iron, steel, brass, copper, or equivalent wire gauze is used in
the material the elasticity and resiliency will be greatest.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The herein described material for use in connection with packings for piston
rods, or other moving parts, as an elastic backing thereto, or as an elastic septum
to rings or turns of packing; or as an elastic packing for the joints of pipes and
other joints; made up or constructed in the forms and of the substances sub-
stantially as herein set forth, and as shewn in the drawings hereto annexed.
2. The herein described packing consisting of the packing material and backing
arranged and combined particularly as set forth with reference to Figures 1 and 2
of the drawings.
3. The herein described packing consisting of the packing material and backing
arranged and combined particularly as set forth with reference to Figures 3 and 4
of the drawings.
4. The packing arranged in, or for use in, stuffing boxes of engines and machines
comprising the packing material proper, the elastic backing material a, and the

page_text: septum between the turns or rings of packing consisting of the elastic material a ;
substantially as herein set forth with reference to Figures 6 and 7 of the
drawings.
5. The packing consisting of the rings of material a with the pleatings or
corrugations or ribs running circumferentially and made up or constructed of
substances as set forth with reference to Figures 11 and 13, respectively, of the
drawings.
Dated this 18th day of February 1893.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON, Fels. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.