matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING NEEDLES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Tatham at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 27th November 1880. Partly a communi-
cation from abroad by J. Auroy Deslongchamps and Company, of Puteaux,
near Paris, France.
WALTER TATHAM, of the Firm of Walter Tatham and Company, of Ilkeston,
in the County of Derby, Needle Manufacturers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING
NEEDLES." [Partly a communication from abroad by J. Auroy Deslongchamps
and Company, of Puteaux, near Paris, France.]
There are two or more modifications of the improved needles, each consisting of
two parts; in one modification the stem of the needle is hooked at one end, and
has the opposite end turned either up or down at a right angle to the stem, but in
a line with the bend of the book; the stem is grooved on its upper side the greater
portion of its length; in this groove a covering point slides, the end opposite to the
point being turned up at a right angle; such turned up end forms the portion by
which a lever, bar, or can plate or plates cause the covering point to slide
in the groove of the needle stem, so as to cover or uncover the hooked end; the
sides of the grooved stem are closed over the covering point, thus securing it in
position.
A second modification consists of a round plain stem to the hooked portion of the
needle, upon which stem a grooved covering point slides, the sides of the groove
being closed over the stem of the hooked part. By such construction of needles the
hooked part may be fixed, and the covering part slide too and fro, or the
covering part may be fixed, and the hooked part may slide too and fro according
to the construction and requirements of the frame or machine in which they may
be employed. Other modifications consist of various combinations of the two parts
shaped according to the requirements of the fabric they are to produce.
Self acting needles constructed as above described have less friction than here-
tofore, and likewise ensure accurate adjustment of the covering points to open or
close the hooks, so that the frames or machines in which they are employed may be
driven at a quicker speed and automatic narrowing of the fabrics they make may
be more easily effected.
IMPROVEMENTS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Foxon at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st September 1880.
SAMUEL FOXON, of Sheffield, in the County of York.
TARGETS."
" IMPROVEMENTS IN
My Invention relates to improvements in targets, and is chiefly applicable to
targets for rifle practice, the object being to construct a target that shall be self
registering, thus dispensing with markers, and avoiding the fatalities that from time
to time occur, and also preventing the falsifying of the score. In carrying out my
Invention I construct the face of the target in segments or parts, of a size and
shape adapted to the purpose. The parts when framed together form, by preference,
the shape of an ordinary target, each part being disconnected from and independent
of the others, but all being so constructed as to be forced back or otherwise moved
by the impact of a bullet, and sufficiently so to act on the mechanism connected
with the registering medium, which may be either electrical, galvanic, phneumatic,
or other similar agency, and which may be carried by ordinary means to a position
near the person firing, or to any other desired position.
OR IMPROVED COMBINED MUFF AND HOOD
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Woolf Hyman at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 13th September 1880.
WOOLF HYMAN, of No. 163, Aldersgate Street, in the City of London.
OR IMPROVED COMBINED MUFF AND HOOD."
"A NEW
My Invention relates to a novel construction of fur or seal-skin muff combined
with a hood, in such a manner that greater economy of material and elegance of
appearance is obtained than with fur or sealskin muffs in present use.
It consists in forming on one side of a fur or sealskin muff a backing of silk or
satin of any desired form and color, combined with a pocket, and over this backing
is applied or attached to the muff a hood composed of a foundation of silk or satin
surrounded with a border of fur or sealskin, braided or otherwise ornamented. By
this arrangement the fur or scalskin at that part of the muff over which the hood
is placed is dispensed with, and a great economy in the quantity of skin required
thereby effected, besides giving a more elegant appearance to the muff than has
hitherto been attained.
If desired, this hood may be attached to the muff by hooks and eyes or other
device, so as to be removable and capable of being worn as a hood.
A NEW AND IMPROVED POCKET SLATE TABLET
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Octavius Jones at the Offico
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th September 1880.
THOMAS OCTAVIUS JONES, of No. 5, Myddleton Place, Saint John's Street Road,
in the County of Middlesex, Manufacturer. "A NEW AND IMPROVED POCKET
SLATE TABLET."
My Invention has for its object the construction of cheap, useful, handy, and
portable pocket tablets, for making memoranda and preserving the same.
I construct the frame which holds the slate of a number of pieces of wood (by
preference twelve), or other suitable material; three pieces on each side of a
rectangular slate are so put together as to "break joint" at the corners; those at
the upper end being made broader, with a rising curve, to make room for the pivot
or pin upon which the covers slide or work, and which pin holds the whole
together. The middle piece on each of the four sides of the said frame is made
sufficiently narrower than the rest, in order that when put together the slate may
be kept in position in the groove thereby formed. The middle portion of this
frame is fitted with a slate, which may be of slate, or of any of the usual substitutes
for slate, such as vulcanite or other suitable material. On the outside, and sliding
upon, and held by, the pin or pivot before mentioned, are two covers of the same
shape as the frame, which covers enclose the frame and slate, and preserve the
memoranda from crasure by friction in the pocket, and the space between one of
the covers and the slate is utilised for holding the pencil when the tablet is closed.
The object of making the inner frames of twelve or other suitable number of
pieces is to enable them to be put together rapidly and cheaply, without the
expense and trouble of grooving, tongueing, or inortising, and the frames thus made
will be strong and not likely to fall to pieces. The several pieces may be pinned,
pegged, or glued together. The free end of the whole tablet farthest from the
pivot is surrounded by an elastic band for placing in the pocket.
The inner sides, and, if required, the outer sides also of the covers may be used
for affixing printed or other information.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APparatus for RaISING AND FORCING BEER AND OTHER LIQUIDS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Martin at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 17th April 1880.
WILLIAM MARTIN, of 245, Oldham Road, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APparatus for RaISING AND FORCING BEER AND
OTHER LIQUIDS."
This Invention consists of an apparatus for raising, lifting, or forcing beer and
other liquids. I construct a cylinder of metal, wood, glass, pewter, or other suitable
material, inside of which I place a piston; on the top of such piston I place a
weight, or weights, or "load." Attached to the piston rod is secured a chain or
rope passing round a wheel or shaft worked by a crank or handle, or by means of
a rack and pinion or other mechanical contrivance, to raise such load and piston.
The liquid may be forced through a pipe or pipes leading from the bottom of the
cylinder by means of the pressure caused by the load to any required height. On
the piston and load being raised or wound up the liquid is drawn into the barrel
and the load rests upon the piston, and on the tap being turned it forces the beer,
porter, or other liquids up through the pipe, and as each glass of beer or porter is
drawn the weight, ram, or load goes down, and on the cylinder becoming empty
the weight is again wound up and soon; in some cases the load may be raised by a
handle or other suitable contrivance.
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR TURNING OVER THE LEAVES OF MUSIC."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Magnus Volk at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th December 1880.
MAGNUS VOLK, of Brighton, in the County of Sussex, Electrician.
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR TURNING OVER THE LEAVES OF MUSIC."
IMPROVE-
The object of my Invention is the construction of a better and cheaper apparatus
for turning over the leaves of music than those hitherto constructed.
My improved apparatus is constructed of a rectangular box or frame made of
wood. One end of the box or frame is left open, the other end is of brass or other
metal, a space being left between its upper part and the top plate for the purpose
hereinafter described. In the box or frame I place a number of arms made of
wire; the inner ends of these are furnished with springs which always tend to move
the arms from right to left. The arms are of sufficient length for their outer ends
to extend a short distance beyond the end of the box, and are furnished with
vertical holders or forks for holding and carrying round the leaves of music when
the arms move from right to left. Attached to the brass end plate is a metal lever
which rests close under the arms when at the right hand end. When the lower
end of this lever is struck with the finger the other end rises and liberates one arm,
and with it its corresponding leaf, which is at once turned over. The same operation
is repeated for all the arms.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGISTERING OR CHECKING THE ISSUE OF TICKETS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Emil Braubach at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 14th May 1880.
EMIL BRAUBACH, of East India Avenue, Leadenhall Street, in the City of London.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGISTERING OR CHECKING THE ISSUE OF
TICKETS."
My Invention relates to apparatus applicable for use in tram cars, omnibuses, and
other public conveyances, and in public buildings for registering or checking the
number of tickets issued.
In carrying out my Invention I employ two barrels, which are geared together
so as to be capable of revolving in opposite directions by the act of the operator
turning one of them with the hand. The barrels are mounted upon spindles, upon
one of which are pins for the attachment of the ends of two tapes carrying a string
of tickets suitably perforated at their places of severance, and suitably stamped or
marked as well as the tapes, say, for example, with consecutive numbers. The tapes
bearing the tickets with the one end of the primer secured, as before mentioned, are
wound upon the spindle of one of the barrel, and the outer ends of the tapes are
left free. The barrels are then introduced into two cylindrical conjoined cases, in
the one of which (containing the barrel with the tapes and tickets) is a slot
corresponding in length to the width of the tickets, whilst in the other case are
two apertures corresponding to the size and position of the tapes. The tapes are
then drawn through the slot of the one case and introduced into the apertures of
the other case, the spindle or barrel of which is formed with a catch to engage
with the tapes and carry them forward when the barrels are turned by the hand of
the operator.
In order to issue a ticket the operator turns one of the barrels, thus imparting
motion to the two, and the tapes are unwound from one barrel and wound
on to the other; the ticket then issues from the slot of the one case and is
severed by contact with the other case, the distance of the apertures for the tapes
being suitably arranged for that purpose. As, therefore, the tapes are graduated
similarly to the tickets, a check or record is obtained of the number of tickets
issued. The barrels are provided with detents to prevent them from being
fraudulently turned in the reverse direction so as to release the tapes, whilst they
are, moreover, 50 constructed as to prevent them from being otherwise tampered
with.
A gong may be provided in order to give an audible signal cach time that a
ticket is issued.
AN IMPROVED SELF ACTING SAFETY STEP OR PLATFORM FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGES AND OTHER VEHICLES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Nobes at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th February 1880.
GEORGE NOBES, of Harrow Road, Paddington, in the County of Middlesex.
"AN IMPROVED SELF ACTING SAFETY STEP OR PLATFORM FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGES
AND OTHER VEHICLES."
This Invention relates to an improved self acting safety step or platform for
railway carriages and other vehicles, and consists of a movable plate or board
attached to the axis of the door hinge, so that said plate moves with the door of
the carriage when the door is opened or shut.
The improved safety step is arranged so that it enters a recess within or under
the floor of the carriage when the door is shut, and on the carriage door being
opened the step is caused to project to a slight distance over the edge of the
platform, and so as it were to bridge over the dangerous gap or space at present
existing between the sides of the carriages and the platform at many railway
stations.
The connection between the axis of the door and the safety step may be made
by carrying the door axis down through the floor of the carriage, and attaching the
step to it.
The improved step may be of metal, wood, or other material, and may have its
top surface and edges covered with any yielding material or no.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COMBING WOOL OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th June 1880. A communication
from abroad by Alexander Skene and Louis Devallée, both of Roubaix, in the
Republic of France.
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COMBING WOOL OR OTHER
FIBROUS MATERIALS." A communication from abroad by Alexander Skeno and
Louis Devallée, both of Roubaix, in the Republic of France.
This Invention relates to machinery for combing wool or other fibrous materials,
and it has reference to improvements in the mechanism for actuating the brush
employed in the angular movement of what are known as the English combing
machines for depositing the wool on to the combs.
According to the arrangement heretofore employed, this brush when delivering
the wool to be combed on to the needles of the comb, describes a curve as it
enters the latter, the said brush being attached to a lever arm turning on a
centre.
Now, according to this Invention, the brush is caused to descend vertically on
to the needles of the comb, whereby the work is more efficiently and advantageously
performed.
In carrying out this Invention, the following arrangement may be adopted :—
Two arms or supports are carried by alides working on the frame of the machine,
and partaking of a horizontal to and fro motion, and these arms are suitably
recessed or grooved at one extremity, so as to form guides for small sliding plates,
situate above the comb holder, and to which the brush is attached by screws or
other suitable means; these sliding plates are connected by links to horizontal
oscillating levers turning on a centre carried by the slides.
In working this apparatus, a suitable reciprocating motion is imparted to the
levers, and communicated by means of the links to the sliding plates attached to
the brush, and as the sliding plates are guided in a vertical direction by the guides
on the arms herein before described, the brush is caused to descend in a truly
vertical direction on to the comb.
AN IMPROVED SUBSTANCE OR COMPOUND TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FLOOR CLOTH'S, WATERPROOF GARMENTS, AND FOR STEAM AND WATER PACKING
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joe Green Hey at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd May 1880.
"
JOE GREEN HEY, of Hartshead Moor, Cleckheaton, in the County of York, India
Rubber Manufacturer. 'AN IMPROVED SUBSTANCE OR COMPOUND TO BE USED IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF FLOOR CLOTH'S, WATERPROOF GARMENTS, AND FOR STEAM
AND WATER PACKING."
This Invention relates to the manufacture and use of improved substance or
compound to be employed in the manufacture of floor cloth, waterproof garments,
rings for steam and water joints, packings for glands, manhole lids, piston packing,
and valve slide packing, and other like uses.
I employ for the purpose of manufacturing floor cloths "silicate" cotton, dross,
or slag, and mix with the latter india-rubber in solution in about the proportion of
3 parts silicate cotton to one part of india-rubber; this substance is rolled out and
allowed to dry. For waterproof garments about equal parts of silicate cotton and
india-rubber are to be used; this is made into a solution and spread on or over
linen fabric by an ordinary spreading machine. For packing rings about 3 parts
silicate cotton to one part of india rubber; this compound is rolled, then formed or
wrapped into a roller, which afterwards vulcanized, and the rings cut off or made
as ordinary.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BUOYS OR LIFE AND PROPERTY SAVING APPARATUS FOR SEA USE
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Samplo at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 20th March 1880.
JAMES SAMPLE, of Blyth, in the County of Northumberland. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN BUOYS OR LIFE AND PROPERTY SAVING APPARATUS FOR SEA USE."
The object of my Invention is to construct a buoy or life and property saving
apparatus that will float from off its seating immediately on the foundering of a
ship to which my apparatus is applied.
To attain this I construct, preferably of steel, a buoy of a pear like shape. The
bulb or larger end of the buoy is framed and divided into compartments or tanks,
which are decked over and utilized for the storage of fresh water. The upper or
stalk end of my pear shape life saving apparatus is fitted with a valve which
remains open so long as no sea breaks or washes over the said buoy, but should
a heavy sea strike the said upper end then the valvo immediately closes and
prevents both sea and air from entering. As soon however as the weight of water
is removed from off the valve it opens and freely admits air to pass into the
interior of my apparatus.
Suitable arrangements are made for propelling and steering, and all requisite
furniture and appendages fixed for the comfort and safety of a ship wrecked
crew, and by any ordinary mechanical incans fresh water may be supplied to them
from out the tanks. As cach compartment or tank is emptied it is filled with
salt water in order to keep my apparatus in ballast.
'
IMPROVEMENTS IN NUT LOCKS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Melville Clark at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th February 1880. A communica-
tion from abroad by Isaac Davis Beach, Francis Marion Hartle, Tevis Theopoles
Beach, and Isaac Davis Beach, junior, all of Millersville, in the County of Cape
Girardeau, State of Missouri, United States of America.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN NUT LOCKS." [A communication
from abroad by Isaac Davis Beach, Francis Marion Hartle, Tevis Theopoles Beach,
and Isaac Davis Beach, junior, all of Millersville, in the County of Cape Girardeau,
State of Missouri, United States of America.]
The object of this Invention is to provide a simple and efficient device for
securing nuts upon bolts, so that they cannot be jarred or shaken off.
The Invention consists of a forked and bevelled locking pin that enters a radial
slot in the nut, and engages in grooves in the bolt, being held therein by a con-
necting curved spring that lies against a shoulder forined on the nut; and it
further consists of a key that is set in the said nut in such a position that by
turning it (the key) the nut is unlocked. The nut is cut away so that the shoulder
is formed upon it, and is provided with opposite radial slots that extend through
the shoulder. The free end of the locking pin is forked or notched to fit the screw-
thread of the bolt, the points of the forks being bevelled on one face, and the pin
is attached to one end of the spring, while the other end of said spring enters a
radial slot opposite to the radial slot in which the pin is entered. The said spring is
thus made to lie close against the shoulder of the nut out of the way of interference
with the crow or wrench that may be applied to the nut. A corner of the shoulder
is cut away where it is intersected by the slot in which the locking pin is entered,
and a hole is there bored into the nut for the reception of the shank of the key,
which key lies flat against the shoulder, and inside of the spring when the nut is
locked so that it cannot be turned upward by the ongagement of the pin in one of
the grooves of the bolt. In this position the spring holds the pin in place, so that
the nut canuot be turned off the bolt; the engagement of the locking pin in
the grooves does not prevent the downward turning of the nut, for the fork of the
pin will readily move downward on the scrow threads of the bolt, and the bevelled
face of the said fork causes the pin to lift out of the grooves as the nut is turned
downward. To unlock the nut in order to remove it one has simply to turn the
key so that it will press the spring outward and disengage and hold the locking
pin from the bolt.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LIGHTING BY ELECTRICITY
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the Honourable Reginald Thomas
Dudley Brougham at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th
February 1880.
The Honourable REGINALD THOMAS DUDLEY BROUGHAM, of Berkeley Square,
Mayfair, in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LIGHTING BY
ELECTRICITY."
The primary object of this Invention is to reduce the rate of or to prevent the
consumption of carbon or other electrodes used in electric lighting. For this purpose
I combine the electrodes with a liquid carbonaceous substance, such as an oil or
syrup, by immersion before or during the use in the lamp, or by supplying or
feeding such carbonaceous substance to the electrode while the lamp is in operation.
During the emission of the lights the volatile constituents of the carbonaceous
liquid are driven off by the heat generated by the electric current, and the carbon
is left in or on the electrode.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FULLING STOCKS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Leeming Webster at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th April 1880.
"
LEEMING WEBSTER, of Dewsbury, in the County of York, Machine Maker.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FULLING STOCKS."
This Invention relates,
Firstly, to that class of fulling stocks which are suspended at their top end and
called "pendulum stocks," and has special reference to those stocks in which the
oscillatory motion is given to the swinging arms by means of a crank and connecting
rod attached at the bottom part of the pendulum arms. Hitherto machines con-
structed on this principle could only be made into single machines, or machines
which only operate upon the material on the forward movement of the stocks in
consequence of the connecting rod being attached to the pendulum arms at the
point or place required for the foot of the stock, and also in consequence of the
connecting rod having to pass through the end of the machine. My Invention is
intended to attach the connecting rod to the pendulum arm, in such a position as
not to interfere with the feet of the stocks nor with the end of the machine, and
therefore I am enabled to construct these machines double, or so that they operate
upon the material both in the forward and backward movement of the pendulum
arms which has not hitherto been done when operated by a crank and connecting
rod. And this I accomplish by having the pendulum arms longer than at present
made, and passing them through the bottoin of the machine, and attaching the
connecting rod thereto, by which means a double acting machine is obtained.
Secondly. The Invention relates to a method of reducing or increasing the size of
the machine so as to accommodate itself to the quantity of material under operation.
This I accomplish by making the end of the case or "twin" loose and capable of
being moved either vertically or inwards and outwards, the loose end being caused
to move by rack, scrow, or other mechanical arrangement.
Thirdly. The Invention relates to a new construction of fulling stocks; and the
improvements consist in arranging the oscillatory arms, so that they rock upon a
pivot at their bottom end instead of the top as hitherto. The arms are caused to
oscillate by means of a crank and connecting rod or other appliance attached at
thoir top end. The feet of the stocks are also at the top part of the arms, and the
casing in which the material is placed is likewise at the top part of the arms. By
this arrangement the whole weight of the stock feet may be allowed to drop on
the material, whereby the "bursting" effect is given to the cloth which could not
be obtained when the arms are suspended at the top. The machine may also be
covered over with wood or other material.
A NEW OR IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR WALL PANELLING AND OTHER DECORATIVE PURPOSES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Brown, junior, at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th March 1880.
GEORGE BROWN, junior, of the Firm of G. and A. Brown, of Newman Street,
in the County of Middlesex. "A NEW OR IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR WALL
PANELLING AND OTHER DECORATIVE PURPOSES."
My Invention relates to a new or improved composition or material for forming
wall panellings, cornices, dadoes, and internal house decorations of every
description.
It consists in the use of whiting, flock, brown paper, glue, oil, and rosin, mixed
together in various proportions with water so as to form a pulp, which is made into
large sheets and compressed into suitable moulds so as to produce the impressions
required, such as for panels, carved or figured mouldings, relief work, and other
analogous designs to be used when dry for the internal decoration of houses.
Owing to an excess of whiting and the novel introduction of the flock into this
composition, with a corresponding decrease in the proportion of glue, larger work
can be produced without cracking, warping, or shrinking, than with the material
known in the trade as "composition."
IMPROVED PROCESS FOR FUSING IRON ORES AND SCRAP IRON OR STEEL AND UTILISING THE GASEOUS PRODUCTS ARISING THEREFROM
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Lancaster at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th May 1880.
"
"AN
ROBERT LANCASTER, of the City of Liverpool, Manufacturing Chemist.
IMPROVED PROCESS FOR FUSING IRON ORES AND SCRAP IRON OR STEEL AND
UTILISING THE GASEOUS PRODUCTS ARISING THEREFROM."
I manufacture iron and steel direct from the ores by treating them with ordinary
or highly superheated steam. The method I adopt is to place the ores and lime-
stone or other caustic base within a suitable closed furnace or cupola, in which such
materials are heated and fused, and I then cause the steam to pass through the
mass by means of suitable piping or other arrangement which will bring the steain
into intimate connection with the ores and base that will fuse the ores into liquid
iron; or steel, scrap iron, or scrap steel may be similarly treated, and such iron or
steel, whether used from the ore or otherwise, may be then further manipulated
into other solid and marketable forms by other well known processes.
during these processes I desire to utilise the gaseous products to form carbonate of
soda (soda ash), I place chloride of sodium (common salt) in a suitable closed and
heated vessel, into which I admit the gaseous products, so bringing the same into
intimate connection with the salt, and expelling thereout the chlorine gas, and
which chlorine gas, or its condensed vapour, inay be further manipulated by other
well known processes to form chloride of lime.
And if
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES FOR FACILITATING THE FIXING AND REMOVAL OF HEELS IN BOOTS AND OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE FEET, APPLICABLE ALSO. FOR FIXING THE SOLES ON SAME
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Woolley at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd September 1880.
WILLIAM WOOLLEY, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Saddler.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES FOR FACILITATING THE FIXING AND REMOVAL
OF HEELS IN BOOTS AND OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE FEET, APPLICABLE ALSO.
FOR FIXING THE SOLES ON SAME."
The object of this Invention, which relates to improvements in boots, shoes,
slippers, and similar coverings for the feet, is especially to facilitate the fixing and
removal of heels in boots and other coverings for the feet, so that when the heels
are unequally worn, one can be substituted for the other without building up the
worn off portion of either heel.
In carrying my Invention into effect, I employ suitably shaped bevilled or
tapering and interlocking metal plates, two outer ones of which (say) I screw to
the heel end of the sole of the boot, and a central one of which I screw to the heel,
which I fix in position by sliding the plate connected thereto between the plates
connected to the sole, and by then fastening a projecting end of the central plato
to the sole by a screw or otherwise, upon removing which the whole can be again
taken apart.
I also apply similar means for securing the soles of the boots or other coverings
for the feet in position for wear.
Such means as I have above described are of very great advantage, as their
application allows of the heels or other parts being readily removed and inter-
changed and so corrected in their wear, or of being separately taken away for
repairs when needed.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SWEEPING CHIMNEYS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Downs at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 15th January 1880.
"
JOHN DOWNS, of Joppa, in the County of Midlothian, North Britain. 'IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SWEEPING CHIMNEYS."
The said Invention relates to improvements in apparatus for sweeping chimneys.
According to the said Invention a bow bracket is fixed at the top of the
chimney, the said bracket being formed with a ring which rests on the top of the
pot or chimney top to bear the downward strain, the bracket being kept firmly in
position by a pinching screw passing through one of the ends of the bracket and
bearing on the chimney top. From the said bracket is suspended a swivelling
pocket in which is mounted a pulley, over which passes a belt of flat steel, the two
ends of which are connected above and below to the hereinafter described brush
by swivels and spring links. The lower part of the said belt passes over a guide
pulley or pulleys fixed into the side of the flue to prevent one part of the belt
from twisting around the other. The swivels and links which connect the brush
to the belt allow the said belt to recover from any twist. The brush is formed of
a series of bundles of steel wires fixed in a central boss; this boss is divided
transversely, and the holes for the reception of the bundles of steel wires are
formed one half in one portion of the boss and the other half in another portion.
An eye-headed bolt passes through the portions of the boss, and by screwing up an
eye-nut thereupon the parts of the boss are drawn together, and the bundles of
wire are firmly clamped in the holes in the said boss. The eyes in the bolt and
nut before mentioned receive spring links to connect the ends of the flat steel belt
to the brush, the said links being connected by a length of wire to hold the ends
together when the brush is removed. By hauling the endless belt alternately in
one and the other direction the brush is caused to effect the sweeping of the
chimney, the said belt working with great ease. A hook is provided at the lower
part of the flue to hold the belt when not in use.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE METHOD OF AFFIXING METALLIC PLATES OR LABELS TO ARTICLES OF METAL, WHETHER BLACK, BRIGHT, JAPANNED, VARNISHED, GALVANIZED, TINNED, OR PLATED IN ANY DEGREE OF FINISH."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Westwood at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th July 1880.
CHARLES WESTWOOD, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE METHOD OF AFFIXING METALLIC PLATES OR LABELS TO ARTICLES OF
METAL, WHETHER BLACK, BRIGHT, JAPANNED, VARNISHED, GALVANIZED, TINNED,
OR PLATED IN ANY DEGREE OF FINISH."
I place the plates or labels of metal upon the article while the japan thereon is in
a plastic state, thereby embedding it in the japan, which will flow slightly over the
edges of the metal, and when subsequently hardened by the stoving process will
form a slight flange of japan all round the edge of the label in addition to any actual
ahesion which may be iniparted to the label by the japan at the back. The edges of
the label being also covered in by the smooth and hard japan will be effectually
prevented from being caught and forcibly removed in the act of cleaning or dusting
the article when in use.
Another part of my Invention, applicable to all the classes of articles nained, is to
attach the metal labels or plates to the finished articles by means of a cement. The
cement which I prefer to use for this purpose is composed of shellac dissolved in
naptha, or in the composition known as "finish," in the proportion that will give
the mixture the proper consistency to act as a coment.
The plates or labels are affixed by brushing them over with the cement and then
pressing them upon the articles to which they are to be attached, and when the
cement shall have become dry the plates or labels will be found to adhere firmly,
and be proof against the action of varying temperature, or hot or cold water.
By the abovo means the usual mode of attaching by rivets, or by brazing, or
tinning is obviated.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SCONCES OR CANDLE HOLDERS FOR PIANOFORTES AND OTHER PURPOSES, ALSO APPLICABLE AS A LAMP OR GAS BRACKET
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Herbert Pohlmann at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th February 1890.
GEORGE HERBERT POHLMANN, of Halifax, in the County of York, Pianoforte
Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SCONCES OR CANDLE HOLDERS FOR PIANOFORTES
AND OTHER PURPOSES, ALSO APPLICABLE AS A LAMP OR GAS BRACKET."
This Invention has special reference to sconces or brackets which are attached to
pianofortes for holding candles, and the improvements consist in constructing these
Sconces or brackets telescopically, that is to say, having one pipe or tube within
another pipe or tube, so that the length of the sconce or bracket can be lengthened
or shortened at pleasure according to the light required.
These sconces or brackets are placed to slide horizontally and not vertical. To
prevent the lamp turning round the tubes and pipes may be made angular, or a
stud or pin may slide in a groove. This telescopic bracket can be used with equal
advantage to the arms of chandeliers, or as an oil or other lamp, or as a gas
bracket.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF A DYE OR STAIN, ACTING ALSO AS SIZE OR FILLING FOR PAPER AND MILLBOARD, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR WOOD, AS A PRESERVATIVE FOR THESE AND OTHER MATERIALS AND SUBSTANCES."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Henry Cobley and William
Gostwyck Gard at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd
February 1880.
"
THOMAS HENRY COBLEY and WILLIAM GOSTWYCK GARD, both of Dunstable, in
the County of Bedford. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF A DYE OR
STAIN, ACTING ALSO AS SIZE OR FILLING FOR PAPER AND MILLBOARD, APPLICABLE
ALSO FOR WOOD, AS A PRESERVATIVE FOR THESE AND OTHER MATERIALS AND
SUBSTANCES."
Our improvements in the manufacture of a dye or stain consist mainly in acting
upon leather waste, scraps, cuttings, shavings, and such like materials, by or with
an alkaline solution, either by steeping the same in a warm or cold steep of the
said alkaline solution, or boiling with water or steam, into which proper proportions
of alkali have been added, same to be always sufficient to form a soluble coin-
bination with the tannin in the leather waste, and thus obtain the gluey and
gelatinous as well as the organic colouring matter in solution.
Either during or
after the operation of steeping or boiling we add a small quantity of the "dead"
"heavy" tar oils to the liquor in order to render it antiseptic.
"
or
In applying it to the manufacture of paper and millboard we introduce it in
quantities, according to the tint required, into the beating engine or stuff-chest, and
after it has been run at least twenty minutes we add, for brown tints, a solution of
any salt of alumina, and for dark browns, blacks, and greys, a solution of any salt
of iron. It is then run, say, another twenty minutes, and is then ready to be
made up.
In applying it to the staining of wood, the wood is either steeped in the solution
a sufficient time to allow the wood to absorb it, or the solution is laid on with a
brush.
The colour is struck for browns by steeping it again in a solution of any salt of
alumina, or for dark browns, greys, and blacks, in a solution of any salt of iron.
This also acts as a preservative.
IMPROVED MEANS OF SECURING THE TYRES OF RAILWAY AND TRAMWAY WHEELS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Friedrich Carl Glaser at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th February 1880. A communication
by Franz Melaun, of Konigshutte, Upper Silesia, in the Kingdom of Prussia.
and Empire of Germany.
FRIEDRICH CARL GLASER, of Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia and Empire of
Germany, Engineer and Patent Agent. "IMPROVED MEANS OF SECURING THE
TYRES OF RAILWAY AND TRAMWAY WHEELS."
"
[A communication by Franz Melaun,
of Konigsbutto, Upper Silesia, in the Kingdom of Prussia and Empire of Germany.]
This Invention relates to means of securing the tyres of railway or tramway
wheels on the spoke-ring or body of tho wheel, so as to prevent the loosening of
the tyres by extension, or the straightening out or breaking off of parts of tyres in
case of fracture.
For this purpose the tyre is secured in the manner shewn in the accompanying
Drawings; Fig. 1 shewing the tyre part put on the spoke ring, and Fig. 2 shewing the
parts in their finished condition. The tyre, as will be seen by Fig. 1, is fitted with
one dovetail on the spoke ring B. While the tyre is still warm, a filling ring C, as
shewn in Fig. 2, is inserted into another dovetail recess A in the tyre, this ring
being of sufficient thickness to extend over the lip of the spoke ring. In order that
this ring may enter the recess, it is either put in in parts, or it is divided so that it
may be sprung in, and be secured by a wedge. Finally, another filling ring D not
cut through is inserted between C and B. The inner edge of the tyre is
then rivetted over the ring, and the inner edge of the spoke ring, which was
originally in the form shewn at E, Fig. 1, is rivetted over a shoulder of the
ring D. The tyre being thus secured by dovetails is held to the spoke ring or body
of the wheel so that it cannot loosen therefrom, or if it should break no part of it
can straighten out or fly off.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TREADS AND RISERS FOR STAIR STEPS AND LANDINGS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Baillic at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th June 1880.
ROBERT BAILLIE, of Radnor House, Blackheath Park, in the County of Kent,
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREADS AND RISERS FOR STAIR STEPS AND
LANDINGS."
•
My Invention has for its object the construction of treads and risers for stairs,
steps, and landings, in a more economical manner, without liability to break in
parts, and with an even surface without grooves, thereby admitting of their being
kept clean as required.
The tread is composed of a wrought iron or steel plate with the ends bent
or turned upwards and inwards, so as to form a kind of tray, or foundation and
binder, for a series of pieces of wood placed close together and secured between such
turned up ends.
These pieces of wood are to be of the depth of the tread and of any suitable
thickness, and they are laid with the grain of the wood endwise on the wrought
iron or steel plate, which serves as a bed plate or foundation for all the pieces of
wood required to form the tread, and which pieces may be secured by means of a
pin or rod passed through them, and fastened at one or both ends by means of
screws or otherwise.
The tread so constructed is reversible so as to admit of being turned, in order to
present a new surface of wood when required by the wearing of the top surface.
The riser may be made of wood, or it may be a continuation of the bed plate of the
trend, in which case the plate would be turned upwards and inwards only at the
outer end of the tread, or it may be formed only as a flat plate with a band or fillet
of brass or other suitable material fixed to the front end of the plate, and serving
both as a binder for the pieces of wood and for an ornament to the tread.
Stairs, steps, or landings composed of treads and risers constructed in the manner
above stated will be strong and durable, and possess a surface convenient and even
for treading upon, and one that can be easily kept clean as required.
A RECEPTACLE TO BE PLACED UNDER A FIRE GRATE TO SCREEN THE CINDERS FROM THE ASH
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Henry Williams at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th September 1880.
THOMAS HENRY WILLIAMS, of No. 10, Long Acre, Saint Martin's Lane, in
the Parish of Saint Martin in the Fields, in the County of Middlesex.
"A RECEPTACLE TO BE PLACED UNDER A FIRE GRATE TO SCREEN THE CINDERS
FROM THE ASH:"
An iron ash box so placed under the grate as to fill the greater part of the space
underneath the grate, and having as cover an iron screen kept in a reclining position
towards the back; the result being that as the cinders fall from the grate they
slide down the screen, leaveing the ash to fall through into the box beneath.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STAYS AND CORSETS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jacob Ulmer at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 5th April 1880.
JACOB ULMER, of the Weber Association, J. Ulmer and Genossen, of Goeppingen,
Wurtemburg, in the German Empire. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STAYS AND CORSETS."
My Invention relates to stays and corsets that are entirely woven to the required
shape instead of being made up by hand of separate pieces. In such stays and
corsets the spaces for the bones have heretofore been formed in the weaving, tho
web being for this purpose divided at the required places into two parts, each of
which has consequently only half the substance and strength of the other part of
the web, whereas the stays or corsets require, if anything, to be of greater strength
where the bones are situated than at the other parts. My present Invention has
for its object to obviate this defect, and to simplify the manufacture of woven stays
and corsets, and consists in weaving these without forming any such spaces for the
bones in the web, and in afterwards forming such spaces by sewing separate pieces
or strips of fabric on to the outer surface of the web, so that the bones are inserted
between the web and such separate pieces, leaving the full strength of the web at
the back of the bones where the greatest strength is required. The said separate
pieces may be made of ornamental appearance by making them of a different colour
from the web.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COMMUNICATING BETWEEN THE PASSENGERS IN RAILWAY TRAINS AND THE GUARDS OR ENGINE DRIVERS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Morris at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd March 1880.
HENRY MORRIS, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Merchant.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COMMUNICATING BETWEEN THE PASSENGERS
IN RAILWAY TRAINS AND THE GUARDS OR ENGINE DRIVERS."
My Invention consists in certain improvements in relation to my former Inven-
tion described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me on November
23rd, 1877, No. 4417, and such improvements have reference, firstly, to the
employment of an india rubber ring, which is fixed in the box let into the roof of
the carriage, through which the chain passes to the rod on the top of the carriage,
and upon which india rubber ring a ball forming a link in the chain rests, thus
acting in the manner of a ball valve, preventing any water trickling through into
the carriage, and at the same time serving to keep the handle close to the roof in
any compartment in which it is not actually pulled, and so enabling the guard
of the train at once to detect the compartment in which the signal has been
given.
Secondly. In the application of certain paste, paint, or varnish to the discs or
semaphores, which has the effect of rendering them luminous at night or in tunnels,
and therefore visible to the guards, drivers, signal box men, or to passengers who
may look out of the carriages on hearing the report of the detonating signals.
The mode of preparing this paste, paint, or varnish forms no part of my Invention,
and,-
Thirdly. In the application of independent discs or semaphores actuated by the
levers, which would allow of the covering of the discs or semaphores with glass or
enamel if thought desirable.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MAGNETIC APPLIANCES AND GARMENTS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Green at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 27th February 1880.
"
GEORGE GREEN, of Bristol, in the County of Gloucester. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF MAGNETIC APPLIANCES AND GARMENTS."
My Invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of magnetic appliances
and garments for the relief and cure of disease, in which a constant current of
magnetism is kept up by the arrangement and combination hereinafter described.
In manufacturing magnetic garments and appliances according to my Invention,
I employ cloth, flannel, or other suitable fabric, on which I placo a layer of zinc
gauze, to which is attached a layer of copper or other suitable metal gauze, and I
bind or fasten them all together by means of wire, which wire forms the necessary
connections for conveying the magnetic current to different parts of the applianco
or garment, and runs through the whole or part circuit of the same, according to
the strength of the current required.
The herein before described arrangement of metal gauze equalizes the electrical
power, allows of the natural exhalations of the body and proper ventilation, and
will form an atmospheric magnetic current mingling with and utilizing for this
purpose the electricity of the air.
IMPROVED MEANS OF PROPELLING BOATS, BARGES, AND SUCH LIKE VESSELS WITHOUT EMPLOYING OARS OR STEAM."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Hall at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 10th November 1880.
ROBERT HALL, of Reading, in the County of Berks. "IMPROVED MEANS OF
PROPELLING BOATS, BARGES, AND SUCH LIKE VESSELS WITHOUT EMPLOYING OARS
OR STEAM."
At any convenient position beneath the water-line and the keel I attach to both
sides of the boat a cylinder (preferably of metal) of suitable dimensions fitted with
a foot-valve and a piston-valve after the manner of an ordinary pump. To the
gunwale on both sides, hinged, if desired, and then, so as to be capable of being
fastened firmly when required, I attach curvilinear or rectilinear outrigger frames.
Centered at any convenient point on these frames are two lovers to be worked by
the boatman. The piston rods of the pumps are attached to these levers. The
pumps may be fixed at either end of the boat. The boatman by working the lovers
first sucks water into each cylinder, and then ejects it therefrom through á smaller
orifice. The impact of the ejected currents against- the main body of water
imparts motion to the boat. It is obvious that my Invention can be so arranged
as to permit of the boatman facing either the stern or bow of the boat.