IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER-CLOSETS AND
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Benjamin Goslin, of 29, Albert Road, Strond
Green Road, Finsbury Park, in the County of Middlesex, and James John
Brown, of 2, Beaconsfield Terrace, Avenell Road, Highbury, in the County of
Middlesex, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER-CLOSETS AND
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Benjamin Goslin and
James John Brown at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
14th May 1880.
SAMUEL BENJAMIN GOSLIN, of 29, Albert Road, Stroud Green Road, Finsbury
Park, in the County of Middlesex, and JAMES JOHN BROWN, of 2, Beaconsfield
Terrace, Avencll Road, Highbury, in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN WATER CLOSETS AND TAPS FOR CONTROLLING THE SUPPLY AND DRAWING
OFF OF WATER."
This Invention has for its object improvements in water closets and taps for
controlling the supply and drawing off of water.
In order to control the supply of water to the basin of a water closet when the
handle of the closet is pulled up, and to prevent more than a certain quantity being
delivered to the basin however long the handle may be held up, and also to
prevent the pan or valve at the bottom of the basin from being held open for a
longer time than is required to discharge its contents we, in place of giving motion
directly from the stem of the pull up handle to the lever arms, by which the
opening and closing of the pan or valve and the opening of the water supply is
controlled, connect the pull up handle to one arm of a lever, the other arm of
which is connected to the rod of a piston which works in a vertical cylinder below
it, so that when the handle is raised the piston is pressed downwards in the
cylinder. The lower end of the cylinder communicates by a small passage with
another vertical cylinder, which also is fitted with a piston having a piston rod
extending upwards from the top of the cylinder. This rod is formed with an arın
standing out from it, which comes below the two ordinary lever arms which
respectively open the pan or valve and the water supply valve, so that when the
piston rod is raised the two lever arms are raised also, and the pan or valve is
opened and the water supply turned on.
The lower ends of both cylinders are filled with liquid, so that when the closet
handle is raised and the piston in the cylinder first mentioned consequently forced
downwards, the liquid in this cylinder is driven into the lower part of the second
cylinder, and consequently the piston in this cylinder is forced upwards, and the
J
.

page_text: pan and water supply valve are so opened, as above explained. If the handle of
the closet is at once put down the piston in the first cylinder is drawn upwards
and the liquid is free to pass back into this cylinder, consequently the liquid then
offers no resistance to the descent of the piston in the second cylinder, and the pan
or valve of the closet basin at once closes in the ordinary manner, and the water
supply valve also commences to close, the time it is kept open being regulated by a
regulator in the ordinary manner.
If instead of the handle of the closet being at once put down it is held or
propped up, the pan or valve of the closet is allowed gradually to close by a small
passage being formed through the piston of the second cylinder, which allows
liquid to pass the piston and so permits the piston to descend; at the same time
also the water supply valve commences to close, and the regulator by which its
closing is controlled should be so set that the pan or valve of the basin shall be
shut before the water supply is quite cut off, so that the basin gets its proper
supply of water. The piston of the second cylinder is also fitted with a valve
opening downwards, so that when the closet handle is put down and the piston of
the second cylinder so raised any liquid which is above the piston of the second
cylinder may be drawn downwards through it; the apparatus is then again ready to
come into action when the handle is again pulled up.
When the valve by which the supply of water to the closet basin is situated
within the water supply cistern, we also mount within the cistern, at a short
distance above the valve, a short vertical cylinder with a piston within it having a
rod that passes upwards through the cylinder cover. On the top of this rod is fixed
a weight, and the weight is connected by links to the valve.
At the bottom of the cylinder is a valve opening inwards which allows water to
pass into the lower part of the cylinder when the piston is raised. From the lower
part of the cylinder there is also a small outlet fitted with a tap or valve, which
allows water to pass from the lower part of the cylinder when the piston within it
descends, the time occupied by the piston in descending being controlled by the
extent to which this small tap or valve is opened. The weight has a pull up wire
attached to it, by which it can be lifted and the water supply valve so raised and
opened when the pull up handle of the closet is lifted in the ordinary manner;
when the handle of the closet is put down the water supply valve descends and
closes the outlet from the cistern, the time occupied in the closing of the valve
being controlled by the speed at which the piston in the regulating cylinder above
it can descend.
In ball cocks used for supplying cisterns we form the valve seat at the end of a
short neck or ferrule which can be screwed or soldered to the supply pipe. The
sliding valve which is to rest against this seat, and the ball lever by which this
valve is slid towards or away from the valve seat, are both carried by the body or
shell of the tap which is formed to screw on to the end of the ferrule; thus all the
moving parts of the tap are carried by the body or shell, which can be unscrewed
from the ferrule for examination or repair. In taps for drawing off water in which
a valve has to be lifted off from a valve seat to allow water to pass from the inlet
to the outlet we couple the valve by a loose connection to the end of a stem which
has a screw on it, which may be single or double threaded, or of other number of
threads; this screw we make to work in a corresponding nut that lies and fits
within a recess in the cover, through which the stem passes out. The nut may be
externally of any irregular cross section, and the recess in the cover is made to
correspond with it. The end of the nut has a flange around it which also lies in an
enlargement of the recess in the cover, so that the face of the flange is flush with
the face of the cover. When the cover is put onto the body of the tap the flange
of the nut in the cover abuts against the body, and is so prevented from moving
out from the recess in the cover.
The outer end of the stem has a knob or handle secured to it, by which it can be
turned, as is usual.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Samuel Benjamin Goslin & James John Brown in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 13th November 1880.
SAMUEL BENJAMIN GOSLIN, of 29, Albert Road, Stroud Green Road, Finsbury
Park, in the County of Middlesex, and JAMES JOHN BROWN, of 2, Beaconsfield
Terrace, Avenell Road, Highbury, in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN WATER CLOSETS AND TAPS FOR CONTROLLING THE SUPPLY AND DRAWING
OFF OF WATER."
This Invention has for its object improvements in waterclosets and taps for
controlling the supply and drawing off of water.
In order to control the supply of water to the basin of a watercloset when the
handle of the closet is pulled up, and to prevent more than a certain quantity
being delivered to the basin, however long the handle may be held up, and also to
prevent the pan or valve at the bottom of the basin from being held open for a
longer time than is required to discharge its contents, we, in place of giving motion
directly from the stem of the pull up handle to the lever arms, by which the
opening and closing of the pan or valve and the opening of the water supply is
controlled, we connect the pull up handle to one arm of a lever, the other arm of
which is connected to the rod of a piston which works in a vertical cylinder below
it, so that when the handle is raised the piston is pressed downwards in the
cylinder. The lower end of the cylinder communicates by a small passage with
another vertical cylinder, which also is fitted with a piston having a piston rod
extending upwards from the top of the cylinder. This rod is formed with an arm
standing out from it, which comes below the two ordinary lever arms which
respectively open the pan or valve and the water supply valve, so that when the
piston rod is raised the two lever arms are raised also, and the pan or valve is
opened and the water supply turned on.
The lower ends of both cylinders are filled with liquid, so that when the closet
handle is raised, and the piston in the cylinder first mentioned consequently forced
downwards, the liquid in this cylinder driven into the lower part of the second
cylinder, and consequently the piston in this cylinder is forced upwards, and the
pan and water supply valvo are so opened as above explained.
If the handle of the closet is at once put down the piston in the first cylinder is
drawn upwards, and the liquid is free to pass back into this cylinder, consequently
the liquid then offers no resistance to the descent of the piston in the second
cylinder, and the pan or valve of the closet basin at once closes in the ordinary
manner, and the water supply valve also commences to close, the time it is kept
open being regulated by a regulator in the ordinary manner.
If instead of the handle of the closet being at once put down, it is held or
propped up, the pan or valve of the closet is allowed gradually to close by a small
passage being formed through the piston of the second cylinder, which allows
liquid to pass the piston, and so permits the piston to descend; at the same time
also the water supply valve commences to close, and the regulator, by which its
closing is controlled, should be so set that the pan or valve of the basin shall be
shut before the water supply is quite cut off, so that the basin gets its proper
supply of water. The piston of the second cylinder is also fitted with a valve
opening downwards, so that when the closet handle is put down and the piston of
the second cylinder so raised any liquid which is above the piston of the second
cylinder may be drawn downwards through it; the apparatus is then again ready
to come into action when the handle is again pulled up.
At Figure 1 of the Drawings hereunto annexed we have shown apparatus
arranged as above, described for preventing more than a certain quantity of water

page_text: being delivered to the basin, however long the handle may be held up. We have
not shown the apparatus adapted for also preventing the pan or valve of a closet
from being held open longer than necessary, as in many cases it does not matter
whether the pan or valve of a closet be left open or not, but from the foregoing
description it will readily be seen how the apparatus can be adapted both to
prevent too great a delivery of water into the basin and to prevent the pan or
valve of a closet from being held open too long.
In Figure 1, A is a rod descending from the closet handle, and jointed to one
end of a lever B, which turns on a centre carried by a short upright C. The
opposite end of the lever is connected to the end of a piston rod D, the piston on
which works in a cylinder E, as shewn. The lower end of this cylinder is
connected by a passage F with another, cylinder G, in which is a piston with a
rod H passing out through a stuffing box at its upper end. This rod is connected
to a lever I, which turns on a fixed centre at K. Projecting from the lever B is
a pin L, which is to enter a curved slot in the tumbler or lever arm which projects
from the axis of the pan of the closet, as is usual, so that the pan of the closet is
opened and closed by the raising and lowering of the closet handle in the ordinary
well known manner. When it is desired to prevent the pan or valve of the closet
being held open by the holding up of the handle then the pin L is placed upon the
lever I, which is then placed next to the closet basin. M is the end of the ordinary
weighted lever used for controlling the opening and closing of the water supply
valve; it is connected with a regulator in the ordinary manner, which allows of
the lever being freely turned upwards to open the water supply valve, but retards
the descent of the lever, so that the water supply valve is kept open for the
requisite time, as is well understood. The end of the lever M rests upon the
lever I, so that when the lever I is caused to rise by the raising of the handle of
the closet, as above explained, the lever M is raised also, and the water supply
valve opened. If the handle is then at once put down the lever I goes down also
by its own weight, aided by the weight N hung to it, leaving the descent of the
lever M and the consequent closing of the water supply valve to be controlled by
the regulator in the ordinary well known manner. If however the handle of the
closet were to be propped up the piston H would slowly descend in the cylinder G,.
the liquid in the cylinder then slowly passing from the under to the upper side of
the piston through a small passage formed in it, or through the valve O, with
which the piston is fitted. This small passage is preferably fitted with a valve
opening upwards and held down by a light spring, consequently the lever I would
offer no obstruction to the descent of the lever M and the closing of the water
supply valve. When the handle of the closet is afterwards put down any liquid
above the piston H will be sucked downwards and brought below. it, the valve O
in the piston allowing liquid to pass freely through it in this direction, as
shown.
Apparatus arranged to act in the manner above described for preventing too
great a supply of water being discharged into the basin of the closet at any one
time, and also if desired for preventing the holding open of the pan or valve of
the closet if a pan or valve is used, may be applied to all kinds of pan closets
and valve closets and other closets having what are known as direct service supply
valves.
The same arrangement may also be adapted for controlling the supply of water
to basins, baths, and such like, to prevent too great a quantity of water being
drawn off into them at any one time.
When the valve by which the supply of water to the closet basin is situated
within the water supply cistern we mount within the cistern, at a short distance
above the valve, a short vertical cylinder with a piston within it having a rod that
passes upwards through the cylinder cover. On the top of this rod is fixed a
weight, and the weight is connected by links to the valve.
At the bottom of the cylinder is a valvo opening inwards, which allows water to
pass into the lower part of the cylinder when the piston is raised. From the lower

page_text: part of the cylinder there is also a small outlet fitted with a tap or valve which
allows water to pass from the lower part of the cylinder when the piston within it
descends, the time occupied by the piston in descending being controlled by the
extent to which this small tap or valve is opened. The weight has a pull up wire
attached to it by which it can be lifted, and the water supply valve so raised and
opened, when the pull up handle of the closet is lifted in the ordinary manner;
when the handle of the closet is put down the water supply valve descends and
closes the outlet from the cistern, the time occupied in the closing of the valve
being controlled by the speed at which the piston in the regulating cylinder above
it can descend.
Figure 2 shows an elevation and Figure 3 a vertical cross section of apparatus so
arranged.
A is a short vertical cylinder fitted with a piston B; the piston rod of this piston
rises above the top of the cylinder and has fixed to it a weight C; D, D, are arms
descending from the weight C and carrying the valve E which is to close the end
of the closet supply pipe G which is led away to the pan of the closet; H is a small
tap for controlling the passage of water from the interior of the cylinder; I is a
valve for admitting water to the interior of the cylinder when the piston is raised;
J is an eye on the top of the weight C to which the pull up wire is connected.
In ball cocks used for supplying cisterns we form the valve seat at the end of a
short neck or ferrule which can be screwed or soldered to the supply pipe. The
sliding valve which is to rest against this seat, and the ball lever by which this
valve is slid towards or away from the valve seat, are both carried by the body or
shell of the tap, which is formed to screw on to the end of the ferrule; thus all the
moving parts of the tap are carried by the body or shell, which can be unscrewed
from the ferrule for examination or repair.
A longitudinal section of a ball cock formed in this manner is shown at
Figure 4.
A is the short neck or ferrule which can be screwed to the supply pipe, or it
inay be formed, as shewn at Figure 5, so as to be soldered to the supply pipe; B is
the body or shell of the tap screwed on to the neck or ferrule A; C is a sliding
valve which can be slid towards or away from the valve seat at the end of the
neck or ferrule; D is the ball lever for giving movement to the valve C; E is the
discharge outlet.
In taps for drawing off water in which a valve has to be lifted off from a valve
seat to allow water to pass from the inlet to the outlet we couple the valve by a
loose connection to the end of a stem which has a screw on it, which may be single
or double threaded or of other number of threads; this screw we make to work in
a corresponding nut that lies and fits within a recess in the cover through which
the stem passes out. The nut may be externally of any irregular cross section, and
the recess in the cover is made to correspond with it. The end of the nut has a
flange around it which also lies in an enlargement of the recess in the cover, so
that the face of the flange is flush with the face of the cover.
When the cover is
put on to the body of the tap the flange of the nut in the cover abuts against the
body, and is so prevented from moving out from the recess in the cover. The outer
end of the stem has a knob or handle secured to it by which it can be turned, as is
usual.
Figure 6 shews a longitudinal section of a tap constructed in the above manner.
A is the screw stem with a valve B coupled loosely to its end so that the stem may
be turned without turning the valve; C is the nut in which the screw works; the
exterior of this nut is in cross section of any irregular form and fits within a
corresponding recess in the cover D. A plan and elevation of the way in which
we generally form this nut is shewn at Figures 7 and 8. The nut has a collar
around it the surface of which comes flush with the surface of the cover, so that
the collar may rest against the body and be held between it and the cover.
cover is secured to the body by screws, not shewn in the Drawing. In place of
The

page_text: the nut being contained in the cover, as above described, it might be similarly
contained within the shell or body of the cock.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention and the manner of performing
the same, we would have it understood that we claim,-
First. The combination of apparatus for preventing more than a certain quantity
of water being delivered to a water closet or other basin or vessel however long the
handle of the apparatus may be held up, and also, if desired, for preventing the
pan or valve of a water closet from being held open longer than necessary,
substantially as herein before described and illustrated at Figure 1.
Second. The combination of apparatus, substantially as described and illustrated
at Figures 2 and 3, for controlling the time occupied in the closing of water supply
valves when such supply valves are contained within the supply cistern.
Third. The construction of ball cocks, substantially as herein before described
and illustrated at Figures 4 and 5.
Fourth. The construction of taps or valves, substantially as herein before
described and illustrated at Figure 6.
In witness whereof, we, the said Samuel Benjamin Goslin and James John
Brown, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirteenth day of
November, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty.