IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON- STRUCTION OF PUMPS FOR LIFTING AND FORCING LIQUIDS
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Hind, of Liverpool, in the County of Lan-.
caster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF PUMPS FOR LIFTING AND FORCING LIQUIDS."
Sealed the 21st July 1865, and dated the 27th January 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Hind at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th January
1865.
I, JAMES HIND, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF PUMPS FOR LIFTING AND FORCING LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
Pumps according to my Invention are worked or operated by reciprocating
motion.
A "lift" pump is constructed by forming the body or upper part of the
pump with an annular space surrounding the passage or way through which
the liquid is lifted. Attached to the reciprocating or pump rod or rods, and
fitted to work in the said annular space is a hollow cylinder, the outer end of
which is fitted with a valve. On or in the passage or way pipe surrounded
by the said hollow cylinder there is another valve also fitted to open outwards.
Of course the suction pipe would be connected into the passage or way so as
to make the pump suitable for the work to be performed, the body of the
pump would be carried upwards so that water would be retained or kept on
the outer side of the valves.
A "force" pump is constructed by connecting the suction into the annular
space referred to in the "lift" pump, and by providing two valves opening and

page_text: working in the ordinary manner, and an air chamber. The hollow cylinder
acts as a ram or plunger, and the quantity of water which the would
pump
force to a height or distance would be as the sectional area of the metal or
other material of the hollow cylinder multiplied by the length of the stroke.
But the combination of the lifting and forcing arrangements above described
in one body or upper part is the modification of my Invention which I prefer.
When the two are combined the pump is especially suitable for ships' use, for
by the same working mechanism and with one hollow cylinder it can be used
at pleasure as a hold pump or as a bilge pump. When in use as a lift pump
the upper valve of the forcing side or part is kept open by a lever, the handle
which works the same being carried out through the body to the outside, and
the liquid is allowed to follow after and before the hollow cylinder from the
annular recess or space without being thrown or forced out of the pump body.
When in use as a "force" pump air is allowed freely to enter the passage or
way for the liquid in the lifting parts, and the valves of the forcing part are at
liberty to act. One suction pipe could be made to answer for the lifting and
forcing parts by moving the body or suction pipe and making the connections
to the desired ingress port or by using two suction pipes it could be used
for lifting and forcing at the same time. To keep the hollow cylinder above
referred to in proper working position I connect two or more pump rods
thereto which pass on opposite sides of the axis of the ordinary or any suitable
mechanism by or from which motion is given.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Hind, in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 27th
July 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
HIND, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said James Hind, Her special license that I, the said James Hind, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said James
Hind, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,

page_text: and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF PUMPS FOR LIPTING AND FORCING LIQUIDS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said James Hind, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seat Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Hind, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
(that is to say):—
Pumps according to my Invention are worked or operated by reciprocating
motion.
A "lift" pump is constructed by forming the body or upper part a, Fig. 1,
of the pump with an annular space surrounding the passage or way c,
through which the liquid is lifted. Attached to the reciprocating
or pump rod
or rods d, and fitted to work in the said annular space b, is a hollow cylinder e,
the outer end of which is fitted with a valve f. On or in the passage or way
pipe c, surrounded by the said hollow cylinder e, there is another valve ġ, also
fitted to open outwards. Of course the suction pipe would be connected into
the passage or way c so as to make the pump suitable for the work to be per-
formed. A convenient arrangement is shewn in Fig. 1, wherein the suction
pipe is placed alongside and downwards from the main working parts, such
suction pipe is provided with a cover, and the liquid passages consist of small
apertures or openings i. The body of the pump a would or might be
carried upwards so that water would be retained or kept on the outer side of
the valves. f, g, j, are packing pieces made of leather or other suitable material
and fitted to the pump body a; ¹ are delivery nozzles.
A "force" pump is constructed by connecting the suction pipe or way into
the annular space referred to in the "lift" pump, and by providing two valves
opening and working in the ordinary manner, and an air chamber. The
hollow cylinder acts as a ram or plunger, and the quantity of water which the
pump would force to a height or distance would be as the sectional area of
the metal or other material of the hollow cylinder multiplied by the length of
the stroke. The details of this pump are clearly delineated by vertical section,
Fig. 2, on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings; thus k is the body of the
pump; 1, the suction pipe; m, the hollow cylinder; n, o, the valves; p, the.

page_text: air chamber; 9, the delivery nozzle; and r packing pieces on the end of the
hollow cylinder m. But the combination of the lifting and forcing arrange-
ments above described in one pump body or upper part is the modification of
my Invention which I prefer. Vertical section, Fig. 3, shows the parts.
When the two are combined the pump is especially suitable for ships' use, for
by the same working mechanism, and with one hollow cylinder, it can be used
at pleasure as a hold pump or as a bilge pump. When in use as a lift pump
the upper valve a¹ of the forcing side or part is kept open by a lever b', the
handle c', which works the same being carried out through the body d¹ to the
outside, and the liquid is allowed to follow after and go before the hollow
cylinder e¹ in and from the annular recess or space f¹ without being thrown
or forced out of the pump body d. and f³ respectively liquid entrance
and exit ports; g¹ is the chamber. When in use as a force pump air is
allowed freely to enter the passage or way h¹, for the liquid in the lifting parts,
and the valves of the forcing parts are at liberty to act. One suction pipe
could be made to answer for the lifting and forcing parts by moving the body
or suction pipe and making the connections to the desired part, or by using
two such pipes it, the pump, can be used for lifting and forcing at the same
time; are packing pieces. To keep the hollow cylinder above referred to
in proper working position I connect two or more pump rods thereto, and pass
them on opposite sides of the axis of the ordinary or any suitable mechanism
by or from which motion is or can be given. Part of Fig. 1 shews a side
elevation and partial section of this part of my improvements; Fig. 2 a
vertical transverse section through Fig. 1; ar Fig. 3 a section of part
of the same. In these three views like letters denote the same parts. m³ are
the pump rods fastened to the afore-mentioned hollow cylinder at one end
and carried upwards so as to pass into the grooved periphery of the excentric
wheel n'; o, the driving axis, handle, and fly wheel; p', is the framework
supporting the said excentric wheel n'; q¹ are cross heads which carry guide
and friction pullies r, so as to allow the eccentric wheel n' (or wheel may be
used) to give reciprocating motion to the rods m¹³, and so to operate the hollow
cylinders when the axis is moved.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention I
would have it understood that I do not confine myself to the exact details of
parts laid down in this Specification and shewn by the Drawings. What I
claim is-
Firstly, lift pumps operated by reciprocating motion, constructed and
arranged substantially as herein-described and shown on the Drawings by
Fir

page_text: Secondly, force pumps operated by reciprocating motion constructed sub-
stantially as herein-described and shown on the Drawings by Fig. 2.
Thirdly, the combined lift and force pump constructed and arranged sub-
stantially as herein described and shown on the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings by Fig. 8.
And, fourthly, the arrangements of parts for giving reciprocating motion to
lift and force, or lift and force combined pumps, substantially as herein-described
and shown on the Drawings by Figs. 1, 2, and 3.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Hind, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
In the presence of
JOHN DAVIES,
Clerk to John T. King,
Patent Agent,
Liverpool.
JAMES HIND. (L.S.)