A Novel or Improved Compound for Use in the Process of Decorating or Ornamenting Ceramic-ware
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Jan., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 21st Sept., 1895-Accepted, 21st Dec., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A Novel or Improved Compound for Use in the Process of
Decorating or Ornamenting Ceramic-ware.
We ANDREW SHERWIN and CHARLES WILLIAM COBDEN The Old Hall
Porcelain Works, Hanley, Staffs, Earthenware Manufacturers, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:--
This our invention has reference to a novel or improved compound for use in the
process of decorating or ornamenting china and earthenware, the object of our said
invention being to simplify the method of decorating ceramic-ware in various
colours, save time, reduce labour, and to obviate the necessity of oiling after
printing before dusting with ceramic colours.
In carrying our said invention into practice we draw the pattern, picture or
design on a copper plate or plates of suitable shape and size, and engrave or incise
such pattern, picture or design by means of suitable tools or acids into such
copper plate or plates, we then by using a palette knife or other suitable means
spread over the engraved surface of such copper plate a compound composed of
about the following proportions, 8 dwts. of flux, and 6 grains of No. 8 blue which
has been mixed with a suitable quantity of oil of aniseed, and printer's oil to form
a paste of suitable consistency, afterwards removing any superfluous compound
from the engraved surface of the copper plate by any suitable means, the incisions
or engraved portions of such plates alone retaining or being filled with such
compound, we then take a piece of potter's "transfer paper" of suitable size, and
obtain a "transfer" from such engraved metallic plate or plates in the usual way,
the pattern, picture or design is then transmitted from the "transfer" obtained to
the surface of the ware to be decorated whilst in a glost state in the customary
manner of transferring such designs from "transfers," we afterwards "dust" the
design, pattern or picture formed on the ware by such compound, with a single
colour, or two or more finely powdered ceramic colours, the viscidity or stickiness.
of the said compound causing such powdered ceramic colour or colours to firmly
adhere to such ware, the ware being then fired in the usual way. After firing it
will be found that the colour or colours will be permanently retained on the surface
of the ware so decorated, and the compound entirely or nearly evaporated.
Dated this 30th day of January 1895.
A Novel or Improved Compound for Use in the Process of
Decorating or Ornamenting Ceramic-ware.
We, ANDREW SHERWIN and CHARLES WILLIAM COBDEN The Old Hall
Porcelain Works, Hanley, Staffs, Earthenware Manufacturers, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This our invention has reference to a novel or auxiliary compound intended for

page_text: use in or during the operation of decorating or ornamenting china and earthenware,
the object of our said invention being to simplify the method of decorating
ceramic-ware in various colours, save time, reduce labour, and to obviate the
necessity of oiling after printing before dusting with ceramic-colours..
In carrying our said invention into practice we take the following ingredients
in a finely powdered state, flux No. 8, 9 ounces, mauve flux ounce, white
enamel 6 ounces, and burnt charcoal 1 ounce, and thoroughly mix same with or in
2 ounces oil of aniseed 1 ounce of printer's ordinary oil, and two ounces of
specially prepared printer's oil, the latter being printers' ordinary oil which has
been boiled a suitable length of time to render same sufficiently viscous.
Flux No. 8 being composed of flint, borax and red lead in the proportional
quantities 1, 2, 3, that is to say 2 lbs. of flint would be mixed with 4 lbs. of borax
and 6 lbs. of red lead, the said ingredients being calcined in a glost oven, and
afterwards thoroughly blended or mixed. White enamel consists of lead, tin ash
(oxidised tin,) and Cornish stone (potter's stone from Cornwall,) in equal pro-
portions which have been calcined in a biscuit oven and afterwards thoroughly
blended or mixed, and mauve flux consists of what is known as finely powdered
biscuit-china "pitchers" (24 lbs. bone calcined and ground, 14 lbs. Cornish stone,
and 10 lbs. of china-clay from Cornwall calcined in a biscuit oven and ground by
any suitable means to a fine powder.
When the aforesaid ingredients have been thoroughly mixed together to form a
paste on a marble slab, a slate slab, in an earthenware bowl or other suitable
receptacle, by using a palette knife or the like suitable means we spread a portion
of such compound or paste over the engraved surface of a copper plate or plates
having any suitable design, pattern or picture thereon, so as to fill in the incisions
of such engraved plates, afterwards removing any superfluous compound or paste
from the engraved surface of the said copper plate or plates by any suitable
means, we then take a piece or sheet of potters' transfer paper of any suitable
shape and size, and obtain or take a "transfer" from such metallic plate or plates
in the usual way, the pattern, picture or design can then be transmitted in the
customary manner from the "transfer" obtained to the surface of glost-ware to
be decorated, we afterwards dust the design, pattern or picture formed on the ware
by such paste or compound with a single colour, or two or more finely powdered
ceramic colours, the viscidity or stickiness of the said compound causing such
powdered ceramic colour or colours to firmly adhere to the ware, such decorated
ware is then fired in the usual way.
After firing it will be found that the colour or colours will be permanently
retained on the surface of ceramic-ware so decorated, and the compound or paste
will have entirely or nearly evaporated.
We would have it understood that we do not confine ourselves to the exact
proportions of the ingredients hereinbefore mentioned, as the proportional
quantities of such ingredients may be slightly varied without deviating from our
invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is ;-
1st. The improved compound comprising 9 ounces of No. 8 flux, ounce mauve
flux, 6 ounces white enamel, and one ounce burnt charcoal all finely powdered and
thoroughly mixed together with 2 ounces oil of aniseed, one ounce printers'
ordinary oil, and two ounces of specially prepared printers' oil to form a paste,
for use in the manner and for the purpose as herein substantially described and
set forth.
2nd. The improved compound. comprising No. 8 flux, mauve flux, white enamel
and burnt charcoal all finely powdered and thoroughly mixed together with oil of
aniseed, printers' ordinary oil, and specially prepared printers' oil in or about the

page_text: proportional quantities given in Claim 1 to form a paste, for use in the manner and
for the purpose as herein substantially described and set forth.
Dated this 19th day of Sentember 1895.
JOHN NEWTON,
Longport, Staffs, Agent for Applicants.