IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR ROVING, SPINNING, AND DOUBLING
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Mayall, of Oldham, in the County of
Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, and Isaac Smith, of Heywood, in the
same County, Mechanic, for the Invention of “IMPROVEMENTS IN
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Mayall and
Isaac Smith at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 25th September 1872.
We, SAMUEL MAYALL, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton
Spinner, and ISAAC SMITH, of Heywood, in the same County, Mechanic,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR ROVING, SPINNING, AND DOUBLING," to be as follows: —
Our Invention relates to the machines known as roving frames and
throstles, and it consists in supporting the bobbins of such machines on a
copping rail, which is moved up and down by the usual copping motion,
and which copping rail is supported in swivel bearings to facilitate the
doffing of the full bobbins and replacing empty ones in their stead. The
bobbins fit upon stationary studs or spindles fixed in the capping rail,
and the flyers are provided with hollow bosses through which the rovings

page_text: or yarns descend. The flyers are supported in rails and are supplied
with inverted arms. The wharves by which the flyers are driven are
fixed on the hollow boss. The roving or yarn after passing down the
boss of the flyer is twisted round one of the flyer legs and is wound on
the bobbin, which is raised and lowered by the usual copping motion.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
"
filed by the said Samuel Mayall and Isaac Smith in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 24th March 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, SAMUEL
MAYALL, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, and
ISAAC SMITH, of Heywood, in the same County, Mechanic, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of September, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Samuel Mayall and Isaac Smith, Her
special licence that we, the said Samuel Mayall and Isaac Smith, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
Samuel Mayall and Isaac Smith, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR ROVING,
SPINNING, AND DOUBLING," upon the condition (amongst others) that we,
the said Samuel Mayall and Isaac Smith, our executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of our or their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.

page_text: the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement (that is to say):-
Our Invention relates to the machines known as roving frames and
throstles, and it consists in supporting the bobbins of such machines on
a copping rail which is moved up and down by the usual copping motion,
and which copping rail is supported in swivel bearings to facilitate the
doffing of the full bobbins and replacing empty oues in their stead. The
bobbins fit upon stationary studs or spindles fixed in the copping rail,
and the flyers are provided with hollow bosses through which the rovings
or yarns descend. The flyers are supported in rails, and are provided
with inverted arms or legs. The wharves by which the flyers are driven
are fixed on the hollow boss.
The roving or yarn after passing down
the boss of the flyer is twisted round one of the flyer legs and is wound
on the bobbin, which is raised and lowered by the usual copping
motion

page_text: legs revolve within the segmental recesses in the front edge of the rail.
At one end of the rail d³ is a lever d³ for the purpose of moving the rail
to and fro as will be described hereafter. The copping rail h is moved
up and down by the ordinary copping motion which communicates
motion to the shafts c above referred to, and to the copping rail arc fixed
two rows of studs i for the bobbins j on which the yarn is wound. The
yarn passes down the boss of the flyer and is twisted round one of the
flyer legs before it is wound on the bobbin. On the studs i are bushes i'
shown in section in Fig. 5, and on this bush is a coiled spring, the
upper end of which abuts against the upper end of the tube ³. The
springs are of about sufficient strength to lift the bobbin before the
yarn is wound upon it, so that when the bare bobbins are on the tubes
the lower end of the bush bears against the inner surface of the
shoulder on the stud i, but as the yarn accumulates on the bobbin tho
weight overcomes the resistance of the spring, and then the bottom
flange of the bobbin rests upon the outer edge of the shoulder i*. By
this means the friction is gradually increased as the yarn accumulates
and as the diameter of the bobbin increases. The copping rail / is fixed
to the axle h¹, which swivels in bearings connected to the liſting rods 4,
and these lifting rods are moved up and down by chains suspended to
pulleys fixed to the shaft c as usual. To the axle is fixed the handle or
lever, which is moved between the stops on the quadrant l' fixed to
one of the lifting rods 7.
When the machine is at work the handle h is up against the top stop
in the quadrant 1, as shewn by a dotted line, and the row of bobbins
that is not being filled is in the position shewn by dotted lines, but as
soon as the bobbins are full the attendant presses down the handle h² to
bring the full bobbins to the front or in the most convenient position for
doffing, and in so doing the spare set of bobbins shewn in dots is brought
under the flyers ready to be filled. Before pressing down the handle h²
it is necessary that the arms of all the flyers should be in line with the
roller beam, and in order to effect this the attendant moves the lever d³
to one side. By this means the rail is moved laterally, and the seg-
mental recesses acting on the arms of the flyers bring them all into the
desired position for allowing the full bobbins to pass between them.
Instead of making the copping rail with two rows of studs for the
bobbins as described, we also propose to make it with five or other
convenient number of rows of studs. This copping rail is made to

page_text: rotate at intervals by an intermittent wheel so that the full bobbins may
fall off the studs as the rail rotates and be collected in a suitable recep-
tacle placed under the machine or on to a travelling belt, which would
deliver them at the end of the machine.
When our improved machine is used for doubling, the bobbins con-
taining the yarn to be doubled must be supported on skewers fixed to a
creel, as shewn in dotted lines in Fig. 1, and instead of fluted rollers as
shewn the usual brass bottom roller and heavy top rollers are employed.
Our Invention is also applicable to roving frames, but it is not necessary
to shew by Drawings how the requisite alterations must be made in such
frames, as the alterations will depend upon the size of the bobbins on
which the rovings are wound.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention and described the
manner of performing the same, we wish to remark that we do not
intend to limit ourselves to the details given, as they may be varied, but
what we claim is,-
-
First. The combination of flyers with inverted arms and the double
roller beam in which they revolve, as shewn and described.
Secondly. The swivelling or rotating copping rail for facilitating the
| doming of the full bobbins and the supplying of empty ones, as shewn
and described.
Thirdly. The mode described in reference to Fig. 5 for regulating the
friction in proportion to the weight of the bobbin.
And, lastly. The apparatus described in reference to Fig. 3 for setting
the arms of the flyers in line with the roller beam previous to doffing.
TỶ witness whereof. we. the said Samuel Mayall and Isane Smith
doming of the full doddins and túc supplying of empty ones, as shown
and described.
Thirdly. The mode described in reference to Fig. 5 for regulating the
friction in proportion to the weight of the bobbin.
And, lastly. The apparatus described in reference to Fig. 3 for setting
the arms of the flyers in line with the roller beam previous to doffing.
In witness whereof, we, the said Samuel Mayall and Isaac Smith
have hereto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-first day of
March, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.