Improvements in and Apparatus for the Manufacture or Production of Hydrochloric Acid.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 19th July, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 13th Apr., 1896-Accepted, 20th June, 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and Apparatus for the Manufacture or Production
of Hydrochloric Acid.
1 CHARLES DREYFUS of Clayton near Manchester in the County of Lancaster
Director and General Manager of the Clayton Aniline Company Limited of
Clayton aforesaid do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
-
My invention has for its object to provide means whereby hydrochloric acid can
be produced from chlorides in an economical and ready manner.
According to my invention the chloride selected (such for instance as chloride of
sodium or of potassium) and sulphuric acid are subjected to heat applied for example
by direct fire heat, superheated steam or in other suitable way and distillation is
effected under vacuum produced by means of any suitable pump or exhausting
apparatus. The products of distillation are cooled or condensed and conducted
into receivers or towers which may be done in the usual way. The temperature
employed should be regulated in such a way as to obtain a practically total
decomposition of the chlorides employed whilst not liberating or causing impurities
to pass off with the hydrochloric acid.
The water may be introduced into the condenser or condensers or receiver or
receivers or they may be charged with water beforehand in the usual way. In
order to prevent any acid escaping condensation from passing into, and injuring the
pump or exhausting device I interpose between the said pump or exhausting device
and the other parts of the apparatus a tower or vessel which contains water or into
which water is sprayed and a tower or vessel which contains alkali or alkaline earth
for absorbing any traces of acid which might otherwise pass to the pump or
exhausting apparatus.
Dated this 19th day of July 1895
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.
Improvements in and Apparatus for the Manufacture or Production
of Hydrochloric Acid.
I, CHARLES DREYFUS, of Clayton, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Managing Director of the Clayton Aniline Company Limited of Clayton aforesaid,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My invention has for its object to provide means whereby hydrochloric acid can
be produced from chlorides in an economical and ready manner.
According to my invention the chloride selected (such for instance as chloride
of sodium or of potassium) and sulphuric acid are subjected to heat applied for
example by direct fire heat, superheated steam or in other suitable way and
distillation is effected under vacuo produced by means of any suitable pump or
Price 1

page_text: exhausting apparatus. The products of distillation are cooled or condensed and
conducted into receivers or towers which may be done in the usual way. The
temperature employed should be regulated in such a way as to obtain a practically
total decomposition of the chlorides employed whilst not liberating or causing
impurities to pass off with the hydrochloric acid.
In the case of the employment of chloride of sodium for example a suitable
temperature has been found to be one not exceeding 260° Centigrade.
The water may be introduced into the condenser or condensers or receiver or
receivers or they may be charged with water beforehand in the usual way. In
order to prevent any acid escaping condensation from passing into, and injuring
the pump or exhausting device I interpose between the said pump or exhausting
device and the other parts of the apparatus a tower or vessel which contains
water or into which water is sprayed and a tower or vessel which contains alkali
or alkaline earth for absorbing any traces of acid which might otherwise pass
to the pump or exhausting apparatus.
The accompanying drawing represents diagrammatically an arrangement of
apparatus adapted for carrying my invention into effect. A is the still in which
the chloride and acid are heated by a furnace beneath. The products of distillation
pass through a receiver and thence through a cooling coil in the vessel B and thence
pass into receivers C from which products which deposit can be drawn off by the
taps c. The vapours then pass through another cooling coil in the vessel D and
thence into water in the receivers E (provided with taps e) through pipes admitting
the vapours to beneath the water and taking them off from above the water in each
receiver. The vapours which pass from the last of these receivers enter and pass
up through a tower F into which water is sprayed over coke or other suitable
material and thence the escaping vapours pass through the pipe G into and up
through the tower H containing coke or other suitable material over which an
alkaline solution (say one of caustic soda) is caused to pass down. To the outlet !
from this tower the vacuum creating or exhausting pump or device is attached and
owing to its situation relatively to the other parts of the apparatus acid cannot
escape thereinto so as to injure the said pump or device.
The parts of the apparatus not particularly described are or may be like those
used in apparatus of this class.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The manufacture or production of hydrochloric acid from a chloride and
sulphuric acid by distillation under vacuo under the conditions as to temperature
bereinbefore set forth.
2. In apparatus for the manufacture of hydrochloric acid from a chloride and
sulphuric acid by distillation under vacuo the interposition between the pump or
exhausting device and the other parts of the apparatus of a water tower or vessel
and a tower or vessel containing alkali or alkaline earth substantially as and for
the purpose herein before described.
Dated this 13th day of April 1896.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.