Improvements in Printing Telegraphs.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 18th July, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 18th Apr.. 1899-Accepted, 18th July, 1939
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Printing Telegraphs.
We, JOHN EDWARD WRIGHT of 18 Southampton Street Bloomsbury London
Electrician and JOHN MOORE of 95 Barry Road East Dulwich Journalist do hereby
declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
:—
The object of this invention is to improve the construction of that class of printing
telegraphs in which the printing is effected in lines across a web or sheet of paper of
any desired width.
We form a telegraph printing machine with two clockwork trains of wheels as
described in the application for Patent made by us No. 17641 in the year 1887-one
for moving the paper the other for rotating the type wheel. We also traverse the
type wheel to and fro along its shaft by a fork projecting from a slide which is
traversed in one direction by a cord and spring and in the other by the action of two
pawls which it carries one pawl engaging with ratchet teeth on a fixed bar and
the other engaging with ratchet teeth on a bar which has an endway reciprocating to
and fro movement given to it parallel with the type wheel shaft. We also give the
requisite endway to and fro movement to this ratchet bar by the movement of the
printing lever and by a spring, as is also described in that application for Patent.
The pallets which control the rotation of the escapement wheel on the type wheel
shaft we also carry by one end of the core of a solenoid which rocks on a pivot at
its opposite end in a direction to cause first one pallet to engage with the teeth of the
escapement wheel and then the other.
According to our present invention we also make the core capable of being rocked
on its own longitudinal axis so us then to disengage the pallets from the teeth of
the escapement wheel but we make one of the teeth of the wheel wider than the other
so that whenever the wheel is released from the teeth of the pallet the wide tooth
comes against one of the pallets and the type wheel is thereby brought to its unison
o: zero position.
The type wheel is so brought to unison each time that it is brought back to its
starting position ready to commence the printing of a new line.
In order to effect this and at the same time to bring the type wheel back to the
cominencement of a line and to cause the paper to be moved forward, and to set
the type wheel to zero or unison we cause the second train of wheels to be liberated
on the return of the printing lever after it has been caused to make a stroke by the
depression of the zero or unison key. And we do this by causing a stronger current
to be sent by the depression of this key than by any of the others-this stronger
current causes an electro magnet to move its armature which it is unable to do when
the ordinary printing currents are sent. When the armature is moved it moves side-
wise two blades or stops.
Normally these two blades are in the same plane and a pin or arm projecting
from the axis of the last wheel in the second train of wheels rests on one of
them..
When the pin or arm is so resting against the blade the two blades are in the
same plane.
When the blades are moved sidewise by the armature being attracted the pin or
rm comes on to the other blade and the first blade is then by a spring turned out of
he plane of the other blade.

page_text: When the armature is drawn back the blades are again shifted side wise bat in the
opposite direction-the pin or arm on the axis then comes at the back of the blade
which has been turned out of the plane of the fixed blade and then there being
nothing in the way of the pin or arm the axis turns until the pin or another one
comes on to the face of the blade and brings it back into the same plane as the other
further rotation of the axis is thereby prevented.
When the second train of wheels is allowed to turn a distance in the above manner
it revolves a roller over which the paper passes and shifts the paper the distance
that is required to he between the lines. At the same time it turns a notched for cam
wheel and one of the projections upon the cam wheel acts against a lever and rocks
it on its centre. This movement of the lever causes a bar to be lifted which is parallel
with and by the side of the two ratchet bars by which the type wheel is traversed side-
wise step by step along its axis as before explained.
When the bar is lifted it lifts both of the pawls which engage with these ratchet
racks and the type wheel is drawn back into position for beginning a new line the
bar being held up by a spring catch until the type wheel has been brought into this
position the slide which moves the type wheel then comes against and liberates the
catch and the bar is drawn downwards by the action of a spring.
The rocking of the lever by the cam wheel also causes the escapement to swivel on
its axis to disengage its pallets from the teeth of the escapement wheel and allow the
wheel to turn to the unison or starting point.
To ensure that sufficient time shall be given for the wheel to turn to zero the
lever which is acted upon by the cam wheel is coupled to the bar above mentioned
in such manner that when a projection on the cam wheel has acted on the lever
and lifted the bar the lever cannot return to its normal position until the catch which
retains the bar in its raised position has been released. When the catch has been
released the lever and escapement are brought back to their normal positions by a
spring.
In order to ensure that when the type wheel is traversed sidewise a distance after
each impression, it shall only be traversed sidewise the distance required between
successive letters and not jerked beyond this position we apply a pawl and ratchet to
control the unwinding or letting out of the cord used for drawing the type wheel back
along its spindle when the end of a line has been reached. We arrange the pawl to
engage with a ratchet wheel on the spring barrel around which the cord is wound.
The pawl prevents the barrel from turning in a direction to allow of cord being
unwound from it and consequently retains the type wheel from being moved sidewise
along its spindle. When an impression takes place we cause an arm on the printing
or impression lever or a lever moving with it to disengage the pawl from the ratchet
wheel. On the return stroke of the printing or impression lever, the sideway move-
ment of the type wheel commences to take place and the pawl above mentioned is
allowed to again drop on to the ratchet wheel and comes into position to engage with
the next tooth on the wheel to that it previously engaged with and it thereby
forms à stop to absolutely prevent the type wheel being moved too far sidewise.
The same means can be used for preventing the type wheel being moved too far
sidewise when other means than those herein before described are used for giving the
sideway movement to the wheel as for example if the sideway movement is given by
a screw and the screw spindle is geared with a spring barrel by which it can be
turned in a direction for bringing back the type wheel to the commencement of a line
then a pawl may be applied to lock the barrel and prevent its turning and this pawl
may be released at each stroke of the printing or impression lever and when the side-
way movement of the type wheel takes place be allowed to engage with the next
tooth of the ratchet wheel to form a stop to prevent the type wheel from being
moved too far.
In place of employing an electro magnet brought into action at the proper times by
a stronger current than usual being transmitted to give a sideway movement to the
two blades herein before mentioned this sideway movement may be given to the blades
by a hook catch jointed to the printing lever and which at each movement. of the

page_text: printing lever is brought against an inclined edge on a disc which revolves say once for
every three revolutions of the type wheel and is by this inclined edge moved away
from a lever which carries the two blades so as not to shift them sidewise but when the
printing takes place when the disc has been turned into a position for a part of its
circumference which is bevilled in the opposite direction to come opposite to the end of
the arm of the hook catch then the hook is turned into position to catch and move the
lever which carries the two blades and so causes the two blades to be shifted sidewise.
Dated this 18th day of Inly, 1888
J. E. WRIGHT.
JOHN MOORE
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Printing Telegraphs.
We, JOHN EDWARD WRIGHT, of 18 Southampton Street, Bloomsbury, London,
Electrician, and JOHN MOORE of 95 Barry Road East Dulwich, Journalist, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to he
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The object of this invention is to improve the construction of that class of printing
telegraphs in which the printing is effected in lines across a web or sheet of paper of
any desired width.
We form a telegraph printing machine with two clockwork trains of wheels as
described in the application for Patent made by us No. 17641 in the year 1887-one
for moving the paper the other for rotating the type wheel. We also traverse the
type wheel to and fro along its shaft by a fork projecting from a slide which is
traversed in one direction by a cord and spring and in the other by the action of two
pawls which it carries-one pawl engaging with ratchet teeth on a fixed bar and the
other engaging with ratchet teeth on a bar which has an endway reciprocating to and
fro movement given to it parallel with the type wheel shaft. We also give the
requisite endway to and fro movement to this ratchet bar by the movement of
the printing lever and by a spring as is also described in that application for
Patent.
The pallets which control the rotation of the escapement wheel on the type wheel
shaft we also carry by one end of the core of a solenoid which rocks on a
pivot at
its opposite end in a direction to cause first one pallet to engage with the teeth of the
escapement wheel and then the other.
According to our present invention we also make the core capable of being rocked
on its own longitudinal axis so as then to disengage the pallets from the teeth of the
escapement wheel but we make one of the teeth of the wheel wider than the others
so that whenever the wheel is released from the teeth of the pallet the wide tooth
comes against one of the pallets and the type wheel is thereby brought to its unison
or zero position:
The type wheel is so brought to unison each time that it is brought back to its
starting position ready to commence the printing of a new line.
In order to effect this and at the same time to bring the type wheel back to the
commencement of a line and to cause the paper to be moved forward, and to set
the type wheel to zero or unison we cause the second train of wheels to be liberated
on the return of the printing lever after it has been caused to make a stroke by
the depression of the zero or unison key. And we do this by causing a stronger
current to be sent by the depression of this key than by any of the others—this
stronger current causes an electro magnet to move its armature which it is unable to
do when the ordinary printing currents are sent. When the armature is moved it
moves sidewise two blades or stops. Normally these two blades are in the same
plane and a pin or arin projecting from the axis of the last wheel in the second train
of wheels rests on one of them.
When the pin or arm is so resting against the blade the two blades are in the same
plane.
....
હું

page_text: When the blades are moved sidewise by the armature being attracted the pin or
arm comes on to the other blade and the first blade is then by a spring turned out
of the plane of the other blade.
When the armature is drawn back the blades are again shifted sidewise but in the
opposite direction-the pin or arm on the axis then comes at the back of the blade
which has been turned out of the plane of the fixed blade and then there being
nothing in the way of the pin or arm the axis turns until the pin or another one
comes on to the face of the blade and brings it back into the same plane as the other
further rotation of the axis is thereby prevented.
When the second train of wheels is allowed to turn a distance in the above
manner it revolves a roller over which the paper passes and shifts the paper the
distance that is required to be between the lines. At the same time it turns a
notched or cani wheel and one of the projections upon the cam wheel acts against a
lever and rocks it on its centre. This movement of the lever causes a bar to be
lifted which is parallel with and by the side of the two ratchet bars by which the
type wheel is traversed sidewise step by step along its axis as before explained.
When the bar is lifted it lifts both of the pawls which engage with these ratchet
racks and the type wheel is drawn back into position for beginning a new line the
bar being held up by a spring catch until the type wheel has been brought into this
position the slide which moves the type wheel then comes against and liberates the
catch and the bar is drawn downwards by the action of a spring.
The rocking of the lever by the cam wheel also causes the escapement to swivel
on its axis to disengage its pallets from the teeth of the escapement wheel and allow
the wheel to turn to the unison or starting point.
To ensure that sufficient time shall be given for the wheel to turn to zero the lever
which is acted upon by the cam wheel is coupled to the bar above mentioned in such
manner that when a projection on the cam wheel has acted on the lever and lifted the
bar the lever cannot return to its normal position until the catch which retains the
bar in its raised position has been released. When the catch has been released
the lever and escapement are brought back to their normal positions by a spring.
In order to ensure that when the type wheel is traversed sidewise a distance after
each impression, it shall only be traversed sidewise the distance required between
successive letters and not jerked beyond this position we apply a pawl and ratchet
wheel to control the unwinding or letting out of the cord used for drawing the type
wheel back along its spindle when the end of a line has been reached.
We arrange
the pawl to engage with a ratchet wheel on the spring barrel around which the cord
is wound. The pawl prevents the barrel from turning in a direction to allow of cord
being unwound from it and consequently retains the type wheel from being moved
sidewise along its spindle. When an impression takes place we cause an arm on the
printing or impression lever or a lever moving with it to disengage the pawl from
the ratchet wheel. On the return stroke of the printing or impression lever, the
sideway movement of the type wheel commences to take place and the pawl above
mentioned is allowed to again drop on to the ratchet wheel and comes into position
to engage with the next tooth on the wheel to that it previously engaged with and
it thereby forms a stop to absolutely prevent the type wheel being moved too far
sidewise.
The same means can be used for preventing the type wheel being moved too far
sidewise when other means than those herein before described are used for giving the
sideway movement to the wheel as for example if the sideway movement is given
by a screw and the screw spindle is geared with a spring barrel by which it can be
turned in a direction for bringing back the type wheel to the commencement of a
line then a pawl may be applied to lock the barrel and prevent its turning and this
pawl may be released at each stroke of the printing or impression lever and when
the sideway movement of the type wheel takes place be allowed to engage with the
next tooth of the ratchet wheel to form a stop to prevent the type wheel from being
moved too far.
In place of employing an electro magnet brought into action at the proper times

page_text: by a stronger current than usual being transmitted to give a sideway movement to
the two blades herein before mentioned this sideway movement may be given to the
blades by a hook catch jointed to the printing lever and which at each movement of
the printing lever is brought against an inclined edge on a disc which revolves say
once for every three revolutions of the type wheel and is by this inclined edge moved
away from a lever which carries the two blades so as not to shift them sidewise but
when the printing takes place when the disc has been turned into a position for a
part of its circumference which is bevilled in the opposite direction to come opposite
to the end of the arm of the hook catch then the hook is turned into position to
catch and move the lever which carries the two blades and so causes the two blades
to be shifted sidewise.
The drawing annexed shews various views of a printing telegraph in which our
improvements are embodied.
Figure 1 is a plan view with some of the parts removed.
Figure 2 is an end view with some parts removed and
Figure 3 is an end elevation of the machine.
:
Figure 4 is a cross section shewing some of the parts which come into action
when a new line is to be commenced. Figure 5 is a cross section of the parts by
which the oscillating solenoid core is carried. Figure 6 is an elevation partly in
section of the type wheel carriage.
Figure 7 is a side and Figure 8 an edge view of the escapement wheel. Figure 9
is a plan view and Figure 10 an edge view of the armature lever which controls the
bringing into action the several parts which have to move each time that a new line
is commenced.
Figure 11 is an elevation of part of one of the racks and one of the pawls on the
carriage gearing with it.
The alternative way herein lastly described for giving the required motions to the
parts when a new line is to be commenced is illustrated in Figure 12.
The machine shewn in Figures 1 to 7 is in many respects constructed in a similar
manner to that described in the Specification of a former Patent granted to us
No. 17641 in the year 1887. In it there are two clockwork trains of wheels A¹ B¹
one driven by a weighted cord wound around a barrel A, the other by a weighted
cord wound around a barrel B. The train of wheels A¹ drives the axis of the type
wheel C and the train of wheels B₁ drives the roller over which the paper to be
printed on is led. The type wheel is capable of being shifted along its axis by a
carriage D this carriage is drawn endwise in one direction by a cord D¹ which can
be wound up on to a barrel D' revolved by a coiled spring within it and is moved in
the opposite direction by two pawls E' on the carriage gearing into two racks E E¹
one of which E' is fixed and the other E caused to move end wise each time that the
printing lever makes its stroke. In the arrangement shown in the drawing this is
done by the axis F¹ of the armature F of the printing electro magnet having upon
it an arm F which each time that the armature is attracted by the magnet acts
against one arm of a crank lever G (see Figure 3) and the other arm of the lever
acts against a pin on the rack E and shifts it endwise. When the armature returns
to its normal position the spring E' draws the rack E in the opposite direction and
then shifts end wise the type wheel carriage. The paper to be printed on is drawn
from a roll H and over the impression or printing roller I. This roller is carried by
arins I fixed on an axis I on which is another arm I' (shown only in Figure 2) kept
bearing by the action of a spring 1 against an armi F on the axis F¹ of the
armature F. The paper is nipped and held against the roller I by nipping rollers I³
which are carried by arms I and are by the spring I drawn against the paper. W is
a bar handle attached to the arms I by which the rollers I can be pressed back and
the paper released whenever desired.
The way in which we now provide for the type wheel being always brought into
one position each time that a new line is about to be commenced and so at this time
bring all the instruments which are upon a circuit into unison one with the other is
best seen in Figures 2, 4 and 5. The pallets J. which control the rotation of the

page_text: escapement wheel J¹ which is upon the axis of the type wheel are carried at the top
of a bar J' which passes downwards through a solenoid coil J and at its lower end
can rock on an axis J' as described in the specification of our former Patent. In
addition we now carry this axis J4 a frame J' which can be swung around fixed
vertical pivots J. By swinging the frame J³ around these pivots the pallets J can
be disengaged from the teeth of the escapement wheel J¹. The wheel J is then free
to turn until a projection J' on one side of it comes against one of the pallets and the
wheel is thereby brought to its unison or zero position.
We now describe more fully the mechanism for controlling the bringing into action
of the several parts which operate when a new line is to be commenced. K is the
electro magnet (see Figure 3) which we now use. L is the armature having on it a
fixed blade L' and a pivotted blade L2. Normally a pin M on the axis of a pinion M¹
which forms part of the train of wheels B' rests upon the top of the pivotted
blade L' (see Figures 3, 9 and 10) and the train of wheels B' is so stopped. When
the armature is drawn to the magnet the pivotted blade L' passes from behind the
pin M and the fixed blade L' takes its place the pivotted blade is also turned by the
spring L out of the plane of the fixed blade.
When the armature is again drawn away from the magnet by the spring L* the
pin M passes off from the fixed blade and the axis which carries this pin revolves
until the pin M or another similar pin upon the axis again strikes against the pivotted
blade and is arrested by it. The above is a convenient arrangement for mechanism
for allowing the train of wheels B' to turn a distance each time that a current of
sufficient strength is sent to cause the magnet K to attract its armature but we do
not limit ourselves to the use of this particular escapement mechanism as other
arrangements of escapement mechanism might be operated by the action of the electro
magnet.
As the wheels of the second train of wheels B₁ are so allowed to turn a distance
the roller I over which the paper passes is also turned a distance by a bevil pinion
upon it being driven by another bevil pinion on an axis 1' carried in bearings by one
of the arms I¹ (see Figure 3)-this axis is driven by other bevil wheels 18 from a
sleeve which is loose on the axis I and is driven by a pinion 1' which gears into one
of the toothed wheels of the train of wheels B. In this way the paper is drawn
forwards a distance after the completion of each line.
N (see Figure 4) is the cam wheel by which the movements required to be given
to other parts of the mechanisu after the completion of each line are effected. It is
fixed upon an axis N¹ driven from one of the wheels of the train of wheels B' as
shown in Figure 2. When it is allowed to turn a distance one of the projections upon
it acts against one arm of the lever O and rocks this lever. As it rocks another arm
of the lever causes the bar P to be lifted-this bar lies parallel with and in proximity
to the two racks E E-when it is raised it comes against and lifts a small arm
which is pivotted to the slide or carriage D and a pin Q on the arm lifts the two
pawls E³ and disengages them from the racks E E¹. The carriage D is then free and
is drawn end wise by the cord D₁ attached to it being wound up on to the spring
barrel D. R (see Figure 3) is the spring catch by which the bar P is caught when
it has been raised and by, which it is held up until the carriage is drawn against it by
the cord and presses it back the bar then drops.
As the lever O is rocked a third arm upon it acts upon a projection J7 on the
frame J and causes it to swing around the vertical pivots J so allowing the type
wheel to turn to its zero position as above explained-the lever O is as shown linked
to one of the arms.which carry the bar P so that when the lever O is rocked by the
action of one of the projections on the cam wheel N it is retained in the position
into which it has been moved so long as the bar P is held up by the spring catch R.
When this catch is released and the bar P again drops the frame J is turned back to
its normai position by the spring J8.
".
S is a ratchet wlieel on the spring barrel .D².
ratchet, wheel and stopping the barrel from being
Ta pawl engaging with this
turned in a direction to allow
of the cord being unwound from it. U is an arm on the axis FL of the armature F.

page_text: When the armature is attracted by the printing magnet the arm U draws downwards
the tail end of the pawl T and disengages the pawl from the ratchet wheel and before
it can again engage with this wheel the barrel will have been turned a slight distance
by the drawing off of the cord from it sufficient to cause the pawl to drop on to the
next tooth of the ratchet to that on which it before rested and the ratchet wheel is
thereby prevented from turning more than one tooth at a time.
As before stated these means for preventing the type wheel from being shifted too
far sidewise at each movement can be applied to other printing telegraphs in which
the type wheel bas to be shifted along its axis.
In Figure 12 which shows a way of giving the required motion to the parts
when a new line is to be commenced without the employment of the electro
magnet K.
a is a hook catch jointed to the printing lever which is attached to the armature L
of this magnet. At each movement of the printing lever the upper end of the stem
of this catch is brought against the inclined edge of a disc b. When it comes
against this inclined edge the hook is drawn away from an arm of a lever c which
by another arm carries two blades L' L' similar to those herein before mentioned and
which act in the same manner. When the hook is drawn back it gives no rocking
movement to the lever c.
At 61 the edge of the disc is inclined in the opposite direction. If the printing
lever is moved when this part of the edge is opposite to the upper end of the stem of
the book the hook is caused to engage with the lever c and to rock it upon its axis so
moving the two blades L' L' and allowing the train of wheels B' to be turned a
distance in the way before explained.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A printing telegraph for printing in line in which the commencement of a new
line is effectuated by an electro magnet energized by the reception of a stronger
current than that used for printing so as to actuate escapement mechanism which
allows a train of wheels to be turned a distance and by turning effect all the
operations necessary to be performed before the commencing of a new line.
2. The means substantially as described for allowing the type wheel to be turned
at intervals to its zero position.
3. The escapement mechanism substantially as herein before described with reference
to Figures 1, 2, 3, 9 and 10 for allowing the train of wheels B to turn a distance each
time the magnet K is sufficiently energized to attract its armature.
4. The means substantially as herein before described with reference to Figure 12
for effecting the operations to be performed before the commencing of a new
line.
5. The employment of a cam wheel driven by the train of wheels B operating to
allow the type wheel to be drawn to one end of its shaft and to turn the spindle by
which the escapement pallets are carried so as to disengage the pallets from the teeth
of the escapement wheel on the type wheel axis.
6. The employment of a catch for holding up until the movements required to be
performed before the commencement of a new line have been completed.
7. The employment of a pawl and ratchet teeth for controlling the letting off of a
cord and for so controlling the distance a type wheel can be shifted along its axis
after each printing movement.
8. The construction of printing telegraphs substantially as herein before described
and illustrated at Figures 1 to 10.
Dated this 16th day of Anril 1889
JOHN EDWARD WRIGHT.
JOHN MOORE.

page_text: Date of Application, 18th July, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 18th Apr., 1889-Accepted, 18th July, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Printing Telegraphs.
We, JOHN EDWARD WRIGHT of 18 Southampton Street Bloomsbury Lon lon
Electrician and JOHN MOORE of 95 Barry Road East Dulwich Journalist do hereby
declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
-
The object of this invention is to improve the construction of that class of printing
telegraphs in which the printing is effected in lines across a web or sheet of paper of
any desired width.
We forin a telegraph printing machine with two clockwork trains of wheels as
described in the application for Patent made by us No. 17641 in the year 1887-one
We also traverse the
for moving the paper the other for rotating the type wheel.
type wheel to and fro along its shaft by a fork projecting from a slide which is
traversed in one direction by a cord and spring and in the other by the action of two
pawls which it carries-one pawl engaging with ratchet teeth on a fixed bar and
the other engaging with ratchet teeth on a bar which has an endway reciprocating to
and fro movement given to it parallel with the type wheel shaft. We also give the
requisite end way to and fro movement to this ratchet bar by the movement of the
printing lever and by a spring as is also described in that application for Patent.
The pallets which control the rotation of the escapement wheel on the type wheel
shaft we also carry by one end of the core of a solenoid which rocks on a pivot at
its opposite end in a direction to cause first one pallet to engage with the teeth of the
escapement wheel and then the other.
According to our present invention we also make the core capable of being rocked
on its own longitudinal axis so as then to disengage the pallets from the teeth of
the escapement wheel but we make one of the teeth of the wheel wider than the other
so that whenever the wheel is released from the teeth of the pallet the wide tooth
comes against one of the pallets and the type wheel is thereby brought to its unison
or zero position.
The type wheel is so brought to unison each time that it is brought back to its
starting position ready to commence the printing of a new line.
In order to effect this and at the same time to bring the type wheel back to the
commencement of a line and to cause the paper to be moved forward, and to set
the type wheel to zero or unison we cause the second train of wheels to be liberated
on the return of the printing lever after it has been caused to make a stroke by the
depression of the zero or unison key. And we do this by causing a stronger curient
to be sent by the depression of this key than by any of the others-this stronger
current causes an electro magnet to move its armature which it is unable to do when
the ordinary printing currents are sent. When the armature is moved it moves side-
wise two blades or stops.
Normally these two blades are in the same plane and a pin or arm projecting
from the axis of the last wheel in the second train of wheels rests on one of
them.
When the pin or arm is so resting against the blade the two-blades are in the
same plane.
When the blades are moved sidewise by the armature being attracted the pin or
arm comes on to the other blade and the first blade is then by a spring turned out of
the plane of the other blade.
When the armnture is drawn back the blades are again shifted sidewise but in the
opposite direction-the pin or arm on the axis then comes at the back of the blade
which has been turned out of the plane of the fixed blade and then there being
nothing in the way of the pin or årm the axis turns until the pin or another one.
•

page_text: comes on to the face of the blade and brings it back into the same plane as the other
further rotation of the axis is thereby prevented.
When the second train of wheels is allowed to turn a distance in the above manner
it revolves a roller over which the paper passes and shifts the paper the distance
that is required to be between the lines. At the same time it turns a notched or cam
wheel and one of the projections upon the cam wheel acts against a lever and rocks
it on its centre. This movement of the lever causes a bar to be lifted which is parallel
with and by the side of the two ratchet bars by which the type wheel is traversed side-
wise step by step along its axis as before explained.
When the bar is lifted it lifts both of the pawls which engage with these ratchet
racks and the type wheel is drawn back into position for beginning a new line the
bar being held up by a spring catch until the type wheel has been brought into this
position the slide which moves the type wheel then comes against and liberates the
catch and the bar is drawn downwards by the action of a spring.
The rocking of the lever by the cam wheel also causes the escapement to swivel on
its axis to disengage its pallets from the teeth of the escapement wheel and allow the
wheel to turn to the unison or starting point.
To ensure that sufficient time shall be given for the wheel to turn to zero the
lever which is acted upon by the cam wheel is coupled to the bar above mentioned
in such manner that when a projection on the cam wheel has acted on the lever
and lifted the bar the lever cannot return to its normal position until the catch which
retains the bar in its raised position has been released. When the catch has been
released the lever and escapement are brought back to their normal positions by a
spring..
In order to ensure that when the type wheel is traversed sidewise a distance after
each impression, it shall only be traversed sidewise the distance required between
successive letters and not jerked beyond this position we apply a pawl and ratchet to
control the unwinding or letting out of the cord used for drawing the type wheel back
along its spindle when the end of a line has been reached. We arrange the pawl to
engage with a ratchet wheel on the spring barrel around which the cord is wound.
The pawl prevents the barrel from turning in a direction to allow of cord being
unwound from it and consequently retains the type wheel from being moved sidewise
along its spindle. When an impression takes place we cause an arm on the printing
or impression lever or a lever moving with it to disengage the pawl from the ratchet
wheel. On the return stroke of the printing or impression lever, the sideway move-
ment of the type wheel commences to take place and the pawl above mentioned is
allowed to again drop on to the ratchet wheel and comes into position to engage with
the next tooth on the wheel to that it previously engaged with and it thereby
forms a stop to absolutely prevent the type wheel being moved too far sidewise.
The same means can be used for preventing the type wheel being moved too far
sidewise when other means than those herein before described are used for giving the
sideway movement to the wheel as for example if the sideway movement is given by
a screw and the screw spindle is geared with a spring barrel by which it can be
turned in a direction for bringing back the type wheel to the commencement of a line
then a pawl may be applied to lock the barrel and prevent its turning and this pawl
may be released at each stroke of the printing or impression lever and when the sidó-
way movement of the type wheel takes place be allowed to engage with the next
tooth of the ratchet wheel to form a stop to prevent the type wheel from being
moved too far.
In place of employing an electro magnet brought into action at the proper times by
a stronger current than usual being transmitted to give a sideway movement to the
two blades herein before mentioned this sideway movement may be given to the blades
by a hook catch jointed to the printing lever and which at each movement of the
printing lever is brought against an inclined edge on a disc which revolves say once for
every three revolutions of the type wheel and is by this inclined edge moved away
from a lever which carries the two blades so as not to shift them sidewise but when the
printing takes place when the disc has been turned into a position for a part of its

page_text: circumference which is bevilled in the opposite direction to come opposite to the end of
the arm of the look catch then the hook is turned into position to catch and move the
lever which carries the two blades and so causes the two blades to be shifted sidewise.
J. E. WRIGHT.
JOHN MOORE.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Printing Telegraphs.
We, JOHN EDWARD WRIGHT, of 18 Southampton Street, Bloomsbury, London,
Electrician, and JOHN MOORE of 95 Barry Road East Dulwich, Journalist, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The object of this invention is to improve the construction of that class of printing
telegraphs in which the printing is effected in lines across a web or sheet of paper of
any desired width.
We form a telegraph printing machine with two clockwork trains of wheels as
described in the application for Patent made by us No. 17611 in the year 1887-one
for moving the paper the other for rotating the type wheel. We also traverse the
type wheel to and fro along its shaft by a fork projecting from a slide which is
traversed in one direction by a cord and spring and in the other by the action of two
pawls which it carries-one pawl engaging with ratchet teeth on a fixed bar and the
other engaging with ratchet teeth on a bar which has an endway reciprocating to and
fro movement given to it parallel with the type wheel shaft. We also give the
requisite end way to and fro movement to this ratchet bar by the movement of
the printing lever and by a spring as is also described in that application for
Patent.
The pallets which control the rotation of the escapement wheel on the type wheel
shaft we also carry by one end of the core of a solenoid which rocks on a pivot at
its opposite end in a direction to cause first one pallet to engage with the teeth of the
escapement wheel and then the other.
According to our present invention we also make the core capable of being rocked
on its own longitudinal axis so as then to disengage the pallets from the teeth of the
escapement wheel. but we make one of the teeth of the wheel wider than the others
so that whenever the wheel is released from the teeth of the pallet the wide tooth
comes against one of the pallets and the type wheel is thereby brought to its unison
or zero position.
The type wheel is so brought to unison each time that it is brought back to its
starting position ready to commence the printing of a new line.
In order to effect this and at the same time to bring the type wheel back to the
commencement of a line and to cause the paper to he moved forward, and to set
the type wheel to zero or unison we cause the second train of wheels to be liberated
on the return of the printing lever after it has been caused to make a stroke by
the depression of the zero or unison key. And we do this by causing a stronger
current to be sent by the depression of this key than by any of the others—this
stronger current causes an electro magnet to move its armature which it is unable to
do when the ordinary printing currents are sent. When the armature is moved it
moves sidewise two blades or stops. Normally these two blades are in the same
plane and a pin or arm projecting from the axis of the last wheel in the second train
of wheels rests on one of them.
When the pin or arm is so resting against the blade the two blades are in the same
plane.
When the blades are moved sidewise by the armature being attracted the pia or
rm comes on to the other blade and the first blade is then by a spring turned out
of the plane of the other blado

page_text: '
.
When the armature is drawn back the blades are again shifted sidewise but in the
opposite direction-the pin or arm on the axis then comes at the back of the blade
which has heen turned out of the plane of the fixed blade and then there being
nothing in the way of the pin or arm the axis turns until the pin or another one
comes on to the face of the blade and brings it back into the same plane as the other
further rotation of the axis is thereby prevented.
When the second train of wheels is allowed to turn a distance in the above
manner it revolves a roller over which the paper passes and shifts the paper the
distance that is required to be between the lines. At the same time it turns a
notched or cam wheel and one of the projections upon the cam wheel acts against a
lever and rocks it on its centre. This movement of the lever causes a bar to bo
lifted which is parallel with and by the side of the two ratchet bars by which the
type wheel is traversed sidewise step by step along its axis as before explained.
When the bar is lifted it lifts both of the pawls which engage with these ratchet
racks and the type wheel is drawn back into position for beginning a new line the
bar being held up by a spring catch until the type wheel has been brought into this
position the slide which moves the type wheel then comes against and liberates the
catch and the bar is drawn downwards by the action of a spring.
The rocking of the lever by the cam wheel also causes the escapement to swivel
on its axis to disengage its pallets from the teeth of the escapement wheel and allow
the wheel to turn to the unison or starting point.
To ensure that sufficient time shall be given for the wheel to turn to zero the lever
which is acted upon by the cam wheel is coupled to the bar above mentioned in such
manner that when a projection on the cam wlicel has acted on the lever and lifted the
bar the lever cannot return to its normal position until the catch which retains the
bar in its raised position has been released. When the catch has been released
the lever and escapement are brought back to their normal positions by a spring.
In order to ensure that when the type wheel is traversed sidewise a distance after
each impression, it shall only be traverred sidewise the distance required between
successive letters and not jerked beyond this position we apply a pawl and ratchet
wheel to contro! the unwinding or letting out of the cord used for drawing the type
wheel back along its spindle when the end of a line has been reached. We arrange
the pawl to engage with a ratchet wheel on the spring barrel around which the cord
is wound. The pawl prevents the barrel from turning in a direction to allow of cord
being unwound from it and consequently retains the type wheel from being moved
sidewise along its spindle. When an impression takes place we cause an arm on the
printing or impression lever or a lever moving with it to disengage the pawl from
the ratchet wheel. On the return stroke of the printing or impression lever, the
sideway movement of the type wheel cominences to take place and the pawl above
mentioned is allowed to again drop on to the ratchet wheel and comes into position
to engage with the next tooth on the wheel to that it previously engaged with and
it thereby forms a stop to absolutely prevent the type wheel being moved. too far
sidewise.
The same means can be used for preventing the type wheel being moved too far
sidewise when other means than those herein before described are used for giving the
sideway movement to the wheel as for example if the sideway movement is given
by a screw and the screw spindle is geared with a spring barrel by which it can be
turned in a direction for bringing back the type wheel to the commencement of a
line then a pawl may be applied to lock the barrel and prevent its turning and this
pawl may be released at each stroke of the printing or impression lever and when
the sideway movement of the type wheel takes place be allowed to engage with the
next tooth of the ratchet wheel to form a stop to prevent the type wheel from being
moved too far.
In place of employing an electro magnet brought into action at the proper times
by a stronger current than usual being transmitted to give a sideway movement to
the two blades herein before mentioned this sideway movement may be given to the
blades by a hook catch jointed to the printing lever and which at each movement o

page_text: the printing lever is brought against an inclined edge on a disc which revolves say
once for every three revolutions of the type wheel and is by this inclined edge moved
away from a lever which carries the two blades so as not to shift them sidewise but
when the printing takes place when the disc has been turned into a position for a
part of its circumference which is bevilled in the opposite direction to come opposite
to the end of the arm of the hook catch then the hook is turned into position to
catch and move the lever which carries the two blades and so causes the two blades
to be shifted sidewise.
The drawing annexed shews various views of a printing telegraph in which our
improvements are embodied.
Figure 1 is a plan view with some of the parts removed.
Figure 2 is an end view with some parts removed and
Figure 3 is an end elevation of the machine.
Figure 4 is a cross section shewing some of the parts which come into action
when a new line is to be commenced. Figure 5 is a cross section of the parts by
which the oscillating solenoid core is carried. Figure 6 is an elevation partly in
section of the type wheel carriage.
Figure 7 is a side and Figure 8 an edge view of the escapement wheel. Figure 9
is a plan view and Figure 10 an edge view of the armature lever which controls the
bringing into action the several parts which have to move each time that a new line
is cominenced.
Figure 11 is an elevation of part of one of the racks and one of the pawls on the
carriage gearing with it.
The alternative way herein lastly described for giving the required motions to the
parts when a new line is to be commenced is illustrated in Figure 12.
The machine shewn in Figures 1 to 7 is in many respects constructed in a similar
manner to that described in the Specification of a former Patent granted to u
No. 17641 in the year 1887. In it there are two clockwork trains of wheels A¹ B¹
one driven by a weighted cord wound around a barrel A, the other by a weighted
cord wound around a barrel B. The train of wheels A' drives the axis of the type
wheel C and the train of wheels B¹ drives the roller over which the paper to be
printed on is led. The type wheel is capable of being shifted along its axis by a
carriage D this carriage is drawn endwise in one direction by a cord D₁ which can
be wound up on to a barrel D' revolved by a coiled spring within it-and is moved in
the opposite direction by two pawls E on the carriage gearing into two racks E E¹
one of which E' is fixed and the other E caused to move end wise each time that the
printing lever makes its stroke. In the arrangement shown in the drawing this is
done by the axis F1 of the armature F of the printing electro magnet having upon
it an arm F which each time that the armature is attracted by the magnet acts
against one arm of a crank lever G (see Figure 3) and the other arm of the lever
acts against a pin on the rack E and shifts it end wise. When the armature returns
to its normal position the spring E2 draws the rack E in the opposite direction and
then shifts end wise the type wheel carriage. The paper to be printed on is drawn
from a roll H and over the impression or printing roller I. This roller is carried by
arms I¹ fixed on an axis I on which is another arm 1' (shown only in Figure 2) kept
bearing by the action of a spring I against an arm F on the axis F1 of the
armature F. The paper is nipped and held against the roller I by nipping rollers I'
which are carried by arms l' and are by the spring I drawn against the paper. Wis
a bar handle attached to the arms I by which the rollers 1ª can be pressed back and
the paper released whenever desired.
The way in which we now provide for the type wheel being always brought into
one position each time that a new line is about to be commenced and so at this time
bring all the instruments which are upon a circuit into unison one with the other is
best seen in Figures 2, 4 and 5. The pallets J which control the rotation of the
escapement wheel J' which is upon the axis of the type wheel are carried at the top
of a bar J' which passes downwards through a solenoid coil J and at its lower end
can rock on an axis J* as described in the specification of our former Patent. In

page_text: addition we now carry this axis J* in a frame J³ which can be swung around fixed
vertical pivots J. By swinging the frame Js around these pivots the pallets J can
be disengaged from the teeth of the escapement wheel J. The wheel J is then free
to turn until a projection J' on one side of it comes against one of the pallets and the
wheel is thereby brought to its unison or zero position.
We now describe more fully the mechanism for controlling the bringing into action
of the several parts which operate when a new line is to be commenced. K is the
electro magnet (see Figure 3) which we now use. Lis the armature having on it a
fixed blade L' and a pivotted blade L2. Normally a pin M on the axis of a pinion M¹
which forms part of the train of wheels B' rests upon the top of the pivotted
blade L' (see Figures 3, 9 and 10) and the train of wheels B₁ is so stopped. When
the armature is drawn to the magnet the pivotted blade L2 passes from behind the
pin M and the fixed blade L' takes its place the pivotted blade is also turned by the
spring L³ out of the plane of the fixed blade.
When the armature is again drawn away from the magnet by the spring L* the
pin M passes off from the fixed blade and the axis which carries this pin revolves
until the pin M or another similar pin upon the axis again strikes against the pivotted
blade and is arrested by it. The above is a convenient arrangement for mechanism
for allowing the train of wheels B₁ to turn a distance each time that a current of
sufficient strength is sent to cause the magnet K to attract its armature but we do
not limit ourselves to the use of this particular escapement mechanism as other
arrangements of escapement mechanism might be operated by the action of the electro
magnet.
As the wheels of the second train of wheels B₁ are so allowed to turn a distance
the roller I over which the paper passes is also turned a distance by a bevil pinion
upon it being driven by another bevil pinion on an axis 17 carried in bearings by one
of the arms I (see Figure 3)-this axis is driven by other bevil wheels 18 from a
sleeve which is loose on the axis 12 and is driven by a pinion I which gears into one
of the toothed wheels of the train of wheels B. In this way the paper is drawn
forwards a distance after the completion of each line.
N (see Figure 4) is the cam wheel by which the movements required to be given
to other parts of the mechanism after the completion of each line are effected. It is
fixed upon an axis N¹ driven from one of the wheels of the train of wheels B' as
shown in Figure 2.
When it is allowed to turn a distance one of the projections upon
it acts against one arm of the lever O and rocks this lever. As it rocks another arm
of the lever causes the bar P to be lifted-this bar lies parallel with and in proximity
to the two racks E E-when it is raised it comes against and lifts a small arm Q
which is pivotted to the slide or carriage D and a pin Q' on the arm lifts the two
pawls E³ and disengages them from the racks E E¹. The carriage D is then free and
is drawn endwise by the cord D' attached to it being wound up on to the spring
barrel D. R (see Figure 3) is the spring catch by which the bar P is caught when
it has been raised and by which it is held up until the carriage is drawn against it by
the cord and presses it back the bar then drops.
As the lever O is rocked a third arm upon it acts upon a projection J' on the
frame J and causes it to swing around the vertical pivots Je so allowing the type
wheel to turn to its zero position as above explained-the lever O is as shown linked
to one of the arms which carry the bar P so that when the lever is rocked by the
action of one of the projections on the cam wheel N it is retained in the position
into which it has been moved so long as the bar P is held up by the spring catch R.
When this catch is released and the bar P again drops the frame J' is turned back to
its normal position by the spring Jo.
S is a ratchet wheel on the spring barrel D. Ta pawl engaging with this
ratchet wheel and stopping the barrel from being turned in a direction to allow
of the cord being unwound from it. U is an arm on the axis F¹ of the armature F.
When the armature is attracted by the printing magnet the arm U draws downwards
the tail end of the pawl T and disengages the pawl from the ratchet wheel and before
it can again engage with this wheel the barrel will have been turned a slight distance

page_text: by the drawing off of the cord from it sufficient to cause the pawl to drop on to the
next tooth of the ratchet to that on which it before rested and the ratchet wheel is
thereby prevented from turning more than one tooth at a time.
As before stated these means for preventing the type wheel from being shifted too
far sidewise at each movement can be applied to other printing telegraphs in which
the type wheel has to be shifted along its axis.
In Figure 12 which shows a way of giving the required motion to the parts
when a
new line is to be commenced without the employment of the electro
magnet K.
a is a hook catch jointed to the printing lever which is attached to the armature L
of this magnet. At each movement of the printing lever the upper end of the stem
When it comes
of this catch is brought against the inclined edge of a disc b.
against this inclined edge the hook is drawn away from an arm of a lever c which
by another arm carries two blades L' L' similar to those herein before mentioned and
which act in the same manner.
When the hook is drawn back it gives no rocking
movement to the lever c.
At the edge of the disc is inclined in the opposite direction. If the printing
lever is moved when this part of the edge is opposite to the upper end of the stem of
the hook the hook is caused to engage with the lever c and to rock it upon its axis so
moving the two blades L' L' and allowing the train of wheels B¹ to be turned a
distance in the way before explained.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A printing telegraph for printing in line in which each time a new line is to be
commenced an electro magnet energized by the reception of a stronger current than
that used for printing actuates escapement mechanisin which allows a train of wheels
to be turned a distance and by turning effect all the operations necessary to be per-
formed before the commencing of a new line.
2. The means substantially as described for allowing the type wheel to be turned
at intervals to its zero position.
3. The escapement mechanism substantially as herein before described with reference
to Figures 1, 2, 3, 9 and 10 for allowing the train of wheels B to turn a distance each
time the magnet K is sufficiently energized to attract its armature.
4. The means substantially as herein before described with reference to Figure 12
for effecting the operations to be performed before the commencing of a
line.
new
5. The employment of a cam wheel driven by the train of wheels B operating to
allow the type wheel to be drawn to one end of its shaft and to turn the spindle by.
which the escapement pallets are carried so as to disengage the pallets from the teeth
of the escapement wheel on the type wheel axis.
6. The employment of a catch for holding up until the movements required to be
performed before the commencement of a new line have been completed.
7. The employment of a pawl and ratchet teeth for controlling the letting off of a
cord and for so controlling the distance a type wheel can be shifted along its axis
after each printing movement.
8. The construction of printing telegraphs substantially as herein before described
and illustrated at Figures 1 to 10.
DJ Amil 1080
JOHN EDWARD WRIGHT.
JOHN MOORE.