Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 7th June, 1886.
Complete Left, 3rd Mar., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 5th Apr., 1887.
We, WILLIAM ROBERTSON and JAMES GUTHRIE ORCHAR, of Wallace Foundry,
Dundee, in the County of Forfar, North Britain, Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of this Invention to be as follows, that is to say:―
Our said Invention relates to mangling, calendering, or finishing machines of the
class designed for applying considerable pressure to the woven fabrics which are
submitted to the action of the rollers of the machine; and it comprises improved
arrangements of parts of the machine combined with apparatus for applying the
pressure similar to what is described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to
us and dated 26 May 1884 No. 8158.
In carrying out our present Invention we apply the pressure horizontally instead of
vertically and whilst arranging the rollers in a horizontal series we are enabled to
form a double machine in a convenient manner, with three machine rollers and
arrangements for operating on two clotli rollers the latter being one on each side of
the central roller. The central roller is carried in stationary bearings in massive side
frames and is driven in any convenient manner; and the two outer rollers are held in
bearings fitted to slide in horizontal guides in the side frames. Each of the outer
rollers receives pressure from a pair of levers centered on brackets projecting on the
outsides of the side frames, the ends of the two levers of a pair extending inwards to
a point midway between the side frames and being there acted on by the ram of an
hydraulic cylinder. Each of these hydraulic cylinders is formed with an air space
above the inlet for the water or liquid by means of which the pressure is applied in
the cylinder, such air space causing the pressure to operate with some elasticity which
is found advantageous in practice. Additional elasticity may also be obtained by
fixing each hydraulic cylinder upon a transverse frame piece or girder which is
constructed so as not to be perfectly rigid.
A pair of cloth rollers is provided for use on each side of the central roller; and the
two cloth rollers of each pair are carried at the opposite ends of arms or levers fixed at
their middles on a horizontal shaft, This horizontal shaft is carried in bearings in

page_text: vertical guides in which they are movable in any convenient way, a pair of
hydraulic cylinders, supplied by water or other liquid under pressure either directly
from pumps or through an accumulator, being by preference employed and placed
one under each bearing whilst equal movements of the two bearings is secured by
racks fixed to them and gearing with pinions on a shaft extending across the machine.
When the arms carrying the cloth rollers are vertical, and the shaft on which they
are fixed is in its lowest position, the lower cloth roller is then in its proper position
for being operated on between the central machine roller and one of the outer ones.
The then upper cloth roller is at the same time in a position for being stripped and
refilled which operation may proceed whilst the lower cloth roller is being operated on
in the machine. The cloth when being wound on the roller is led between and over
the usual tension bars. These bars are fixed to a frame which rests on the main side
frames above the outer machine roller but which is hinged or jointed so that it can be
turned up. When the cloth rollers are to be changed the shaft and arms carrying
them are raised sufficiently to allow of the arms being turned half a turn which raises
the roller that has been operated upon and lowers the other one; and to allow of this
turning movement the frame with the tension bars is turned up by projections on the
rams of the hydraulic cylinders which raise the cloth rollers. Gearing is provided
for driving each cloth roller when it is being stripped and filled; and hand gear is
provided for turning over the arms and shaft carrying each pair of cloth rollers when
required.
Dated this Fifth day of June 1886.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicants Agent,
Per pro. David Ferguson.

page_text: Woven FROTICS,
We, WILLIAM ROBERTSON, and JAMES GUTHRIE ORCHAR, of Wallace Foundry,
Dundee, in the County of Forfar, North Britain, Engineers, lo hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is
to say :-
Our said Invention relates to mangling, calendering, or finishing machines of the
class designed for applying considerable pressure to the woven fabrics which are
submitted to the action of the rollers of the machines; and it comprises improved
arrangements of parts of the machines combined with apparatus for applying the
pressure similar to what is described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to
us and dated 26 May 1884, No. 8158.
In carrying out our present Invention we apply the pressure horizontally instead
of vertically and whilst arranging the rollers in a horizontal series we are enabled to
form a double machine, with three machine rollers, and arrangements for operating
on two cloth rollers, the latter being one on each side of the central roller. The
central roller is carried in stationary bearings in massive side frames and is driven in
any convenient manner; and the two outer rollers are held in bearings fitted to slide
in horizontal guides in the side frames. Each of the outer rollers. receives pressure
from a pair of levers acted on by the ram of an hydraulic cylinder. A pair of cloth
rollers is provided for use on each side of the central roller; and the two cloth rollers
of each pair are carried at the opposite ends of arms fixed at their middles on a
horizontal shaft, which is raised, turned half round, and lowered again when changing
one cloth roller for the other.
And in order that our said, Invention and the manner of performing the same may
be properly understood we hereunto append a sheet of explanatory drawings to be
hereinafter referred to and representing a mangling, calendering, or finishing machine
as made with our improvements.
Figure, 1, of the drawings is a plan partly in horizontal section showing about half
of the machine; and figure, 2, is a corresponding side elevation partly in vertical
section. In these drawings the same reference letters and numerals are used to mark
the same or like parts wherever they are repeated.
The framing of the machine consists of low massive side frames, A, secured to a
suitable foundation (not shown) and connected principally by transverse end frames
or girders, B. At the centres of the side frames, A, stationary bearings are fitted for
the shaft ends or journals, 3, of a central machine roller, C, which may be driven in
any convenient manner, a large spurwheel, 4, indicated by a dotted circle being fixed
on one end of the shaft, 8, for the purpose. The outer machine rollers, D, have their
shaft ends or journals, 5, in bearing blocks, 6, fitted to slide in horizontal guide

page_text: slots, 7, formed in the side frames, A; and pressure is applied to the outer rollers, D,
through their bearing blocks, 6, which are connected by adjustable spindles, 8, to
levers, E. Those levers, E, are centered by their outer ends on brackets, F, cast upon
and projecting outwardly from the side frames, A, and the levers extend inwards to
a point midway between the side frames, where the inner ends of the pair at each end
of the machine are acted on by the ram, G, of an hydraulic cylinder, H, fixed to the
transverse girder or end-frame, B. The arrangement of these parts, excepting that
they are placed horizontally, is the same as that of the corresponding, parts described
in the earlier Specification hereinbefore referred to. The outer ends of the hydraulic
cylinders, H, may be formed with air spaces, or air vessels may be connected to them 1
or to the pipes leading the water or other liquid to them in order to cause the pressure
to operate with some elasticity; and additional elasticity may be obtained by having
the transverse girders or end frames, B, on which the hydraulic cylinders, H, are fixed,
constructed so as not to be perfectly rigid.
A pair of cloth rollers, J, is provided for use on each side of the central machine
roller, U; and the two cloth rollers of each pair are carried at the opposite ends of
arms or levers, 9, fixed at their middles on a horizontal shaft, K. This horizontal
shaft, K, is carried in bearings in frame pieces, L, which are movable upon vertical
guides, 10, by any convenient means, preference being given to a pair of hydraulic
cylinders, M, supplied with water or other liquid under pressure either directly from
pumps or through an accumulator. The hydraulic cylinders, M, are placed one under
each bearing of the shaft, K, whilst equal movements of the two bearings are secured
·by racks, 11, fixed to them and gearing with pinions, 12, fixed on the ends of a
shaft, 13, extending across the machine. When the arms, 9, carrying the cloth
rollers, J, are vertical, and the shaft, K, on which they are fixed is in its lowest position
(as shown at the left-hand side of figure, 2,) the lower cloth roller, J, is then in its
proper position for being operated on between the central machine roller, C, and one
of the outer ones, D. The then upper cloth roller, J, is at the same time in a position
for being stripped and refilled which operation may proceed whilst the lower cloth
roller is being operated on in the machine. The cloth when being wound on the
roller, J, is led between and over the usual tension bars, N. These bars, N, are fixed
to a frame, 14, which rests on the main side frames, A, above the outer machine
roller, D, but which is hinged or jointed so that it can be turned up. When the cloth
rollers, J, are to be changed the shaft, K, and arms, 9, carrying them are raised
(as shown on the right-hand side of figure 2) sufficiently to allow of the arms, 9, being
turned half a turn, which raises the roller, J, that has been operated upon and lowers
the other one, and to allow of this turning-over movement the frame, 14, with the
tension bars, N, is turned up by projections, 15, on the rams or parts, I, moved by
the hydraulic cylinders, M, which raise the cloth rollers, J. Gearing is provided for
driving each cloth roller, J, when it is being filled; and hand gear is provided for
turning over the arms, 9, and shaft, K, carrying each pair of cloth rollers, J, when
required.
For turning over each shaft, K, with its arms, 9, there is fixed on the shaft a
spurwheel, 16, indicated by a dotted circle, in figure, 2, and having gearing with it
a pinion worked by means of a winch handle, 17, and carried by the movable
frame piece, L.
For filling each cloth roller, J, there is fixed on one of its shaft ends or journals a
spurwheel, 18, and when the roller is in position for being filled, there is moved
inwards so as to gear with the spurwheel, 18, a pinion on a shaft, 19, carried in a long
bearing upon the stationary framing. This shaft, 19, has on it a pulley, 20, for a
driving belt, and a friction clutch, 21, which is moved by means of a hellcrank, 22,
link, 23, and hand lever, 24. When a cloth roller, J, is being stripped the cloth is
drawn from it as shown at the left-hand side of figure, 2, over a guide roller, 25, to a
winding-up roller, 26, driven by means of a belt pulley, 27, with a frictional clutch, 28,
and hand lever, 29.
Whilst a cloth roller, J, is being filled some pressure is by preference applied by
means of a roller, P, carried by lever arms, 30, centered in the upper part of the

page_text: movable frame piece, L.
The outer ends of the lever arms, 30, are formed with
segmental racks, 31, gearing with pinions on a transverse shaft, 32, carried on a
bracket fixed to the frame piece, L. The shaft, 32, has on it a pulley (not shown)
having wound on it a rope or chain by which is suspended a weight suitable for
applying the desired pressure through the shaft, 32, segmental racks, 31, lever
arms, 30, and roller, P. For taking off the pressure there is fixed on the shaft, 32, a
wormwheel having gearing with it a worm, 33, on a spindle which can be turned by
means of a hand wheel, 34.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is :-
1-In a machine for mangling, calendering or finishing woven fabrics, the arrange-
ment of three machine rollers in a horizontal plane, combined with apparatus to apply
pressure by means of levers and hydraulic cylinders, and with appliances for placing
cloth rollers between the central and each outer machine roller substantially as
herein before described.
2-The arrangement in which two cloth rollers are carried by arms fixed at their
middles on a shaft which is movable by means of hydraulic cylinders for placing the
rollers in position, and which can be turned to change one roller for the other
substantially as hereinbefore described.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicants' Agent.