Improvements in Brakes for Velocipedes and other Vehicles.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 17th June, 1893
Complete Specification Loft 12th Mar 1847 Accented 15th May 1897
-
Improvements in Brakes for Velocipedes and other Vehicles.
I, JOHN PRICE REES, of 32 Great Chapel Street, Westminster, in the County of
London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to brakes for velocipedes and other vehicles, and is chiefly
designed to provide a brake capable of acting efficiently upon pneumatic tyres or other
india-rubber tyres without injury thereto.
One feature of my present invention is the employment of a roller or rotary brush
which is arranged to be rotated about its axis in contact with the tyre in such a
manner that the said roller or brush will exert a rubbing action upon the tyre and
thus retard the motion of the vehicle without causing undue friction between the
brake and the tyre.
Another feature of my present invention is the employment of a roller adapted to
be turned about its axis by being pressed against the tyre, and which, whilst in rolling
contact with the said tyre, has its motion checked or braked by the action of a roller
or rotary brush such as that above mentioned, or by friction between its exterior
surface and a stationary frame or other fixed surface. In this manner the motion
of the vehicle is effectually retarded without necessitating the employment of sliding
friction between the brake and the tyre.
In carrying my said invention into practice according to one method I mount in
bearings in a suitable frame preferably attached to the ordinary brake-rod of the
bicycle or other vehicle, a roller adapted to be brought into contact with the tyre
and to be rotated thereby, and connected through toothed or other suitable gearing
to another roller or rotary brush which is also mounted in bearings in the said frame,
and is arranged to rotate in the reverse direction. The last named roller or rotary
brush is mounted in the said frame in such a position that it will rub against or
scrape the tyre with more or less force when the first roller has come into contact
with the tyre and has been pressed against the same with sufficient force to cause
it to rotate and transmit motion to the other roller or brush.
The said rotary brush is also advantageous for cleaning the surface of the tyre and
for keeping the grooves or recesses of non-slipping tyres free from mud or the like
and thus ensuring their efficient action in the prevention of side-slipping on slippery
roads or surfaces. By the driving of the rotary brush as above mentioned, the
rotation of the roller is checked, and so the motion of the vehicle is retarded by rolling
friction between the brake-roller and the tyre as well as by the action of the brush.
According to another form or modification of my said invention, I arrange a roller
so as to turn in elongated slots in a suitable frame in such a manner that, when it
is brought into contact with the tyre, it will be moved upward in or along the said
slots, and its upper or outer surface will be pressed against the interior of the said
frame. In this manner, whilst the said roller rolls in contact with the tyre, its
upper or outer surface is subjected to sliding friction, whereby the motion of the
wheel is retarded without injury to the tyre, the tyre itself only experiencing rolling
friction.
1
D. YOUNG & Co.,
11 & 12 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Brakes for Velocipedes and other Vehicles.
I, JOHN PRICE REES, of 32 Great Chapel Street, Westminster, in the County of
London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention relates to brakes for velocipedes and other vehicles, and is chiefly
designed to provide a brake capable of acting efficiently upon pneumatic tyres or other
india-rubber tyres without causing injury thereto.
An important feature of my present invention is the employment of a roller
adapted to be turned about its axis by being pressed against the tyre, and which,
whilst in rolling contact with the said tyre, has its motion checked or retarded by
the action of a rotary brush which is connected therewith through spur, chain or
other suitable positive gearing, so as to be rotated about its axis in the reverse
direction to the said roller while its periphery is held in contact with the tyre and
thus exert a harmless rubbing action upon the said tyre; or the motion of the said
roller may be checked or retarded by friction between its exterior surface and a
stationary frame or other fixed surface. In this manner the motion of the vehicle
is effectually retarded without necessitating the employment of injurious rubbing
action or sliding friction between the brake and the tyre, the rotary brush serving
also to clean the said tyre.
In the accompanying drawing I have shown how my said invention may be
conveniently and advantageously carried into practice.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a part of a velocipede having my improved brake
fitted thereto.
Figure 2 is an underside view, and
Figure 3 a sectional side elevation, both drawn to an enlarged scale, showing my
improved brake detached.
a is a roller capable of turning freely on a pin fixed in a frame c, which is
movable to and from the tyre. In the arrangement shown, the said frame is attached
to the usual brake-rod d so that the said roller can be brought into contact with the
periphery of the tyre by means of the said brake d and the usual brake-lever e, so as
to cause it to rotate, and will be moved away from the tyre by the spring d', transverse
grooves or channels a' being provided in the said roller to ensure that it shall be
driven by the tyre without slipping when its motion is checked or retarded as
hereinafter described. The roller a is provided at one end with a spur-wheelf which
gears with a spur-wheel g mounted on a circular or rotary brush h; this brush turns
on a pin in the frame c in the opposite direction to the roller a, and is provided
with suitably-arranged bristles or the like j.
The rotary brush is mounted in the frame c in such a position that it will rub
against or scrape the tyre with more or less force, when the roller a has come into
contact with the tyre and has been pressed against the same with sufficient force to
cause it to rotate in one direction and transmit motion to the brush h in the reverse
direction. By the driving of the rotary brush h in this manner, the rotation of the
roller a is checked or retarded, and the motion of the vehicle is retarded by rolling
friction between the brake-roller a and the tyre, as well as by the action of the brush h
upon the said tyre.
The said rotary brush is also advantageous for cleaning the surface of the tyre, and
for keeping the grooves or recesses of non-slipping tyres free from mud or the like,
and thus ensuring their efficient action in the prevention of side-slipping on slippery
roads or surfaces.
According to another form or modification of my said invention, I arrange a roller

page_text: such as that above described so that it will turn about an axis extending into or
through elongated slots in a suitable frame in such a manner that, when it is brought
into contact with the tyre, it will be moved upward in or along the said slots, and
upper or outer surface will be pressed against the interior of the said frame. In
this manner, whilst the said roller rolls in contact with the tyre, its upper or outer
surface is subjected to sliding friction, whereby the motion of the wheel is retarded
without injury to the tyre, the tyre itself only experiencing rolling friction.
It is obvious that the construction of iny improved brake may be somewhat
modified according to the construction of the vehicle to which it is to be applied, for
example, in the case of bicycles in which the space between the underside of the head
and the tyre is very small, the brake can be mounted on a plate extending in front
of the head, or it may be arranged in any other suitable manner so as to permit
of its being brought into and out of contact with the tyre as desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. A brake for velocipedes and other vehicles, comprising a roller and a rotary
brush positively geared together so as to rotate in opposite directions and mounted
on a frame whereby they may be pressed against the tyre of the wheel whose motion
is to be retarded, substantially as, and for the purposes, hereinbefore described.
Second. A brake for velocipedes and other vehicles, comprising a roller adapted
to be turned about its axis when pressed against the tyre, and a fixed surface for
engaging the exterior surface of the said roller, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
Third. The improved brake constructed substantially as described with reference
to the accompanying drawing and operating as, and for the purposes, above
specified.
Топ 1004.
D. YOUNG & Co.,
11 & 12 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.