Improvements in the Construction of Tyres for Carriages, Bicycles, Tricycles, and other Road Vehicles.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Sept., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 26th May, 1893-Accepted, 1st July, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Tyres for Carriages, Bicycles,
Tricycles, and other Road Vehicles.
We, WALTER SWAIN and WILLIAM PHILIPSON of Hillfold Mill, Astley
Bridge near Bolton in the County of Lancaster, Pneumatic Tyre Manufacturers,
do hereby declare the nature of our said invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of tyres for carriages,
bicycles, tricycles, and other road vehicles and is designed to prevent the bursting
of pneumatic and other tyres inflated by means of air, gas, or liquids under
pressure when travelling over rough and other roads. The pneumatic tyre consists
of an inflatable tube covered with canvas or a canvas tube or other equivalents.
Our improvement consists in encasing the inflatable tube and its cover in a sole or
covering of india-rubber or its equivalent of equal or unequal thickness according
to the amount of bearing it is intended to present to the road. The ends or sides
of the sole piece extend to and lap over each other at which point they are secured
in any convenient manner. The india-rubber or other sole or covering is provided
internally with one or more bands of steel or other metallic tape which passes
round the circumference of the tyre. To further protect the pneumatic or inflat-
able tube it may be enclosed in canvas and covered externally with a steel or other
metallic shield in the form of a tapé or tapes wrapped round the same in a spiral
form to break joint.
Dated August 31st 1892.
EDMUND CHADWICK,
Acent
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Tyres for Carriages, Bicycles,
Tricycles, and other Road Vehicles.
We, WALTER SWAIN and WILLIAM PHILIPSON of Hillfold Mill, Astley
Bridge near Bolton in the County of Lancaster, Pneumatic Tyre Manufacturers,
do hereby declare the nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of tyres for carriages,
bicycles, tricycles, and other road vehicles and is designed to prevent the bursting
of pneumatic and other tyres inflated by means of air, gas, or liquids under pressure
when travelling over rough and other roads. The pneumatic tyre consists of an
inflatable tube covered with canvas or a canvas tube or other equivalents. Our
improvement consists in encasing the inflatable tube and its cover in a sole or
covering of india-rubber or its equivalent of equal or unequal thickness according
to the amount of bearing it is intended to present to the road. The ends or sides
of the sole piece extend to and lap over each other at which point they are secured
in any convenient manner. The india-rubber or other sole or covering is provided
internally with one or more bands of steel or other metallic tape which passes round
the circumference of the tyre. To further protect the pneumatic or inflatable tube
it may be enclosed in canvas and covered externally with a steel or other metallic
shield in the form of a tape or tapes wrapped round the same in a spiral form to
break joint.
Fig. 1 is a part side and sectional elevation of a pneumatic tyre for carriages,
bicycles, tricycles, and other road vehicles with one method of our improvement
applied to prevent the bursting of the same.

page_text: Fig. 2 is a transverse section through line A B in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a part side and sectional elevation of a pneumatic tyre for carriages,
bicycles, tricycles, and other road vehicles with another method of our improve-
ment applied to prevent bursting.
Fig. 4 is a transverse section through line C D in Fig. 3, and
Figs. 5 and 6 show methods of construction.
E is the rim of the wheel, which may be of metal, wood, or other suitable
material, and G the spokes composed of wood, metal, or other materials. When
the wheel rim E is of the section shown in Fig. 2 the outer periphery of the same
is provided with the metallic or other concaved rim H secured thereto in any
convenient manner. On the concaved rim H is mounted the pneumatic or other
tyre consisting of the inflatable india-rubber or other tube 1 covered with the
canvas, canvas tube, or other equivalent K. This pneumatic or other tyre is
enclosed by means of the sole L-composed of india-rubber or other like substance
or material of unequal thickness and of the form and section shown with a flat, or
almost flat, bearing surface of the width it is intended to present to the road. The
inside of the sole L is secured to the canvas M by india-rubber or other solution,
the ends passing down the sides of the rim E, one end overlapping the other on the
inner periphery, at which point they are secured together by india-rubber or other
solution or other meaus. In case a concavo-convex rim E is employed, as in Fig. 4,
the ends of the canvas M wrap over the outside and are secured as shown by means
of india-rubber or other solution. Our invention consists principally in providing
the sole L with the band of steel or other metallic tape O to protect the pneumatic
or other tyre from being pierced with tacks or other sharp instruments when
travelling over rough or other roads. If desired the said metallic tape or protector
may be inserted in the sole L in three complete rings as shown in Fig. 4.
steel or other metallic tape or tapes O are placed in the sole L in the process of
manufacture and before vulcanizing takes place. After the steel or other metallic
tape or tapes O have been placed in position they are covered by a layer or layers
of india-rubber, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, before vulcanizing is effected. If desired
the metallic tape or tapes may be covered with canvas, the latter being coated
externally with india-rubber solution.
The
The object of the metallic tape or tapes O is to prevent the pneumatic tyre
stretching longitudinally, so that when the tyre has been fully inflated the tape or
tapes will prevent an increase of the diameter of its outer circumference, thus
causing the pressure contained in the tube I to be fully exerted on its inner
periphery to press the same tight against the concaved ring or rim H, the higher
the pressure the tighter the pneumatic tyre will be held in position on or in its seat.
To further protect the pneumatic or inflatable tube I it may be enclosed in canvas
and covered externally with a steel or other metallic shield in the form of a tape or
tapes wrapped round the same in a spiral form to break joint as shown and set
forth in Letters Patent No. 529 and granted unto us on the 11th day of January
1892.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
In combination with the sole L having a flat bearing surface of the width it is
intended to present to the road and employed for covering or enclosing the pneu-
matic tube or tyre and securing the same to the rim of wheels for carriages,
bicycles, tricycles, and other road vehicles, the use of the metallic tape or tapes O
for the purpose specified.
The 15th - 1000
EDMUND CHADWICK, F.I.C.P.A.,
Agent.