IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNAMENTING WOVEN FABRICS FOR BOOKBINDING
Year: 1851

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
Cussons, of No. 51, Bunhill Row, in the County of Middlesex, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Second day of October
(One thousand eight hundred and fifty-one), in the fifteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Thomas Cussons, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, Her especial license, full
power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Thomas Cussons, my
exors, adiñiors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas Cussons,
my exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN ORNAMENTING WOVEN FABRICS FOR BOOKBINDING;" in which said Letters Patent
there is contained a proviso that I, the said Thomas Cussons, shall cause a
particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part

page_text: recited Letters l'atent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had,
will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Thomas Cussons, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and,
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention consists of applying to woven fabrics the process. of marbling,
similar to that heretofore applied to paper used by bookbinders and others.
In carrying out the Invention, woven fabrics, such as or similar to those which
have heretofore been used by bookbinders and others, are to be prepared and
employed (that is to say), the woven fabrics most suitable for carrying out my
Invention are those which have been stiffened and then glazed by hot or cold
pressure, though it is not absolutely necessary that the fabrics should be
stiffened before being ornamented according to my Invention. The process
of ornamenting paper by marbling being well understood, it will not be neces
sary to enter into a particular description thereof, further than to point out
how the like process is to be applied to woven fabrics. The woven fabrics are
to be left white, or to be dyed or prepared of the color desired for the ground-
work, and are to be stiffened and glazed, or glazed only, and in this condition
they are to be ornamented by marbling. In carrying out the Invention the
workman will prepare his trough with liquid, as when for marbling paper, and
he will throw or deposit the color, combined with or without metallic sub-
stances, on to the surface, using one or more colors according to the effect he
desires to obtain, in like manner to preparing the surface for marbling paper;
and having thus prepared the surface, he will lay the woven fabric, with the
glazed face downwards, on to the color, in like manner to what he would do if
it were a sheet of paper in place of woven fabric; and he will then remove the
woven fabric from off the color on to a rod in like manner to that pursued
when removing paper from off the surface of the floating color in the trough,
and he will hang the woven fabric up to dry; and when dry, the woven fabric
is to be glazed to obtain a smooth and bright side. In some cases in applying
the process of marbling, the workman, instead of placing the paper on to the
floating color immediately resulting from throwing on the color to the liquid in
the trough, uses a comb or rake, as is well understood; and in other cases,
in place of using a comb or rake, he employs a frame with numerous points
or projections, which, descending into and below the surface of the floating
color, he, by moving the frame, produces by each point a curling effect; all
which, when for ornamenting paper, is well understood, and I mention them
in order to state that like processes are to be resorted to when ornamenting

page_text: woven fabric, when like effects are desired to be produced. If the colors
employed should be found to interfere with the subsequent process of glazing,
then I size the fabric after the process of ornamenting. The novelty of
the Invention consists in combining the process of marbling with woven
fabrics.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Cussons, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two.