IMPROVEMENTS IN WOOD CUTTING MACHINERY
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Parkinson, of Gloucester Grove West,.
Old Brompton, in the County of Middlesex, Joiner, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WOOD CUTTING MACHINERY."
Sealed the 17th August 1869, and dated the 25th February 1869..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Parkinson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 25th February 1869..
I, WILLIAM PARKINSON, of Gloucester Grove West, Old Brompton,
in the County of Middlesex, Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WOOD CUTTING MACHINERY," to be
as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel arrangement of machinery suitable
for joiners' work, and combining in one machine a circular saw, a band
saw, a machine for cutting mouldings, and also the means for grooving
boards and cutting single or double tenons, and also scribing them at
one operation; also for cutting curved or irregular mouldings.

page_text: One of the principal features of my improved combination is that all
the horizontal shafts are arranged parallel to each other, so that they
may if required be all driven from the same countershaft without the
use of bevil gearing.
In carrying out my Invention I mount the circular saw spindle on
a fixed bed, and a rising and falling table is adapted to give the required
depth, and a sliding fence to give the width required. The saw spindle
is provided with a fast and loose pulley, and is driven from a counter-
shaft that extends across the end of the machine. The band saw pulley
shaft is mounted in bearings at the lower part of the frame; it is pro-
vided with a fast and loose pulley, and is driven from the same counter-.
shaft as the circular saw spindle. The upper pulley shaft is fitted to a
pillar and arm with a spring or weighted lever to give tension to the
band saw.
The mechanism for cutting mouldings comprises two horizontal shafts
with the cutter heads overhanging the bearings, and is arranged to cut
the upper and under surface of the wood. The cutters are adjustable
by means of regulating screws and hand wheels, and are driven from a
hollow shaft and clutch mounted on the countershaft, so that they may
be worked independently. The two side cutter spindles work perpen-
dicularly, and the heads extend above the bearings, so that they may
be easily taken off to adjust the cutters and are driven from the same
countershaft, or otherwise. The feeding gear is driven from the same
shaft and is provided with cone pulleys on two shafts, which carry fluted
rollers overhanging the bearings and have a rising and falling motion
by means of a lever and weight.
The tenoning apparatus consists of a sliding plate to carry the wood
which passes betwixt the two blocks or heads of the moulding machine,
which is provided with cutters suitable for tenoning, and are adjusted
to the required thickness. The tenoning cutters are provided with
lancet-point shoulder cutters, or otherwise. The second upright shaft
of the moulding machine then acts as a scribing or double tenoning
cutter.
The curvilinear moulding machine consists of the upright cutter
spindle above mentioned, which is capable of being moved laterally along
a slot in the table, and is provided with suitable collars and cutters, so
that they may work any moulding to a pattern.

page_text: The cutter heads used for cutting tenons are formed of four sections
mounted side by side on the same spindle; each section carries a
cutter or blade, which is placed at such an angle that the combined
action of the four sections of cutters will produce a continuous drawing
cut.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Parkinson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 25th August 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
PARKINSON, of Gloucester Grove West, Old Brompton, in the County
of Middlesex, Joiner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her,
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and 'sixty-nine, in the
thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said William Parkinson, Her
special licence that I, the said William Parkinson, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Parkinson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WOOD CUTTING MACHINERY," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Parkinson, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Parkinson, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto

page_text: annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to
say) :-
-:
This Invention relates to a novel arrangement of machinery suitable
for joiners' work.
The Invention consists in combining in one machine a circular saw,
a band saw, a machine for cutting mouldings, or for planing, grooving,
tongueing, edging, and thicknessing boards at one operation, and for
cutting single or double tenons, and also scribing them at one operation;
also for cutting curved or irregular mouldings.
One of the principal features of my improved combination is that all
the horizontal shafts are arranged parallel to each other, so that they
may if required be all driven from the same countershaft without the
use of bevil or other toothed gearing.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 is a side elevation, and Fig. 2
a plan view of the combined machine arranged according to my
Invention.
The spindle of the circular saw a is mounted on a fixed bed, and a
rising and falling table may be adapted to give the required depth, or
the saw spindle may be made adjustable, so as to be capable of being
raised or lowered, as is well known. A sliding fence is also employed
to regulate the width, as may be required. The circular saw spindle is
provided with fast and loose pulleys a', a', and is driven from a counter-
shaft c that extends across and below the end of the machine. The
band saw pulley shaft d is mounted in bearings at the lower part of the
frame; it is provided with fast and loose pulleys d', d', and is driven from
the same countershaft c as the circular saw spindle. A second counter-
shaft.g,
hereafter more particularly referred to, is provided with pulleys
and bands to drive the other working parts of the machine. The pulleys
for driving the saw spindles may be mounted on this shaft, so that only one
countershaft will be required, but in practice I find it more convenient
to drive the saws from a separate countershaft. The shaft of the upper
pulleye of the band saw is fitted to a pillar and arm provided with
a spring or weighted lever to give tension to the band saw in the usual
manner.
.
The mechanism for cutting mouldings comprises two horizontal shafts
with the cutter heads f,f, overhanging the bearings, and is arranged to
cut the upper and under surface of the wood at the same time. The

page_text: cutter heads or blocks are adjustable by means of regulating screws and
hand wheels f, f, and are driven from the same countershaft g, but from
different pulleys, so that they may be worked independently. The
spindles of the two side cutters h, h², work perpendicularly, and the
cutter heads or blocks extend above the bearings, as shewn at Fig. 1,
so that they may be easily taken off in order to adjust or change the
cutters. Both these cutter heads or blocks are driven from the same
countershaft g, but they may be otherwise driven if desired. The
feeding rollers i, i, are also driven from the same shaft g by means of
the pulleys i, ', which actuate the toothed gearing at the lower ends
of the vertical shafts 2, 2, which carry at their upper ends worms 2³, 23,
which gear into worm wheels on the shafts of the rollers , . The
feeding rollers overhang the bearings and may be fluted if desired;
they may also have a rising and falling motion given to them by means
of a lever and weight, or otherwise, as is well known.
The tenoning apparatus consists of a sliding plate j, j, shewn best in
the detached views, Figures 3 and 4. This sliding plate supports the
wood which passes betwixt the two blocks or heads f, f, of the moulding
machine. When the machine is required for tenoning the blocks or
heads ff, must be provided with cutters suitable for this operation,
and the blocks must be adjusted vertically by means of the adjusting
screws and hand wheels f', f', so as to cut to the required thickness.
The tenoning cutters may be provided with lancet-point or serrated
shoulder cutters as usual, so as to produce a neat square cut. The
cutter on the upright shaft of the machine may be made to act either
as a scribing cutter or a double tenoning cutter.
In order to convert the machine into a curvilinear moulding machine
the spindle of the upright cutter h² above mentioned is made capable
of being moved forward in a lateral direction along a slot k in the table,
so as to give room for the wood to pass round. The spindle of the
cutter is provided with suitable collars and cutters, so that they may
work any moulding to the desired curve.
The cutter heads used for cutting tenons are formed of four sections
mounted side by side on the same spindle. Each section carries a
cutter or blade, which is placed at such an angle that the combined
action of the four sections of cutters will produce a continuous drawing
cut.

page_text: Having now described my Invention of "Improvements in Wood
Cutting Machinery," and having explained the manner of carrying the
same into effect, I claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent, the general arrangement and
construction of parts herein set forth.
I claim particularly the combination with a circular saw and band
saw, or either of them, of four sets of cutters, as herein shewn and
described, for effecting the operations and purposes herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Parkinson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Twenty-fifth day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.