Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Nov., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 31st July, 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 31st Aug., 1888
I, JOAN LODGE of Bath Mills, Lockwood near Huddersfield, Yorkshire, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The special object of my invention is the production of evenly mixed dyed yarns
various shades of colour blended together, so that when woven into a cloth, the
cloudiness hitherto found on woven mixed fabrics will not be present.
Hitherto mixed coloured yarns have been produced by dyeing the whole of the tops
or slivers and blending them with tops or slivers of other colours or undyed, but
in consequence of the variation in the length of the staple, some fibre being much
longer in the staple than others, the blending of the colour has produced uneven and
cloudy yarn, consequently, when woven into a fabric the unequal shade of the yarn has
made the cloth cloudy or streaky.
To carry out my invention I dye the top or sliver in such a manner that parts of the
tops are dyed one colour and the remaining parts are left undyed in the grey or ground
colour, that is to say, I dye the top in what I choose to term blocks and spaces; for
instance, I block the part to be left undyed, and the space left between the blocked
part is left for dyeing; or in other words, one part of the sliver is covered and not
exposed to the dye liquor, whilst the remaining part of the sliver is uncovered and
therefore exposed to the liquor. After the top has been thus dyed it is taken and
combed or otherwise similarly treated, by which means the blending of the dyed or
undyed fibre will be equalized, producing yarn of even shade throughout, conse-
quently when woven into a cloth the cloudiness hitherto complained of will be
absent.
The apparatus I employ for dyeing tops and slivers in blocks and spaces comprises
grates or bars placed one above another with the fibre between each grate or bar. The
grates or bars thus arranged are drawn tightly together by screws or clamps and
placed into a dye vessel to be immersed in the liquor, by which means the uncovered
parts of the fibre will be dyed, whilst the parts of thic fibre covered by the grates or bars
will remain undyed.

page_text: If necessary the grate or bars may be covered with india. rubber or other suitable
yielding material. The top or sliver is wound around a grate or series of bars in any
suitable manner, but I prefer to mount the grates in suitable bearings or pedestals and
on rotary motion being given thereto the top or sliver is evenly wound thereon. When
dyed the grate may be taken back to the pedestal bearings and the dyed top
unwound again, and this can be done without disturbing the condition of the top.
The sliver being wound onto the grates or bars may be guided by a traversing
eyelet and made to stop automatically when the eyelet has reached the end of its
stroke.
Instead of employing flat grates or bars for dyeing sliver in spaces intermittently
I may employ a cylindrical cage, around which the sliver is wound, and kept thereon
by bars placed parallel to the axis of the cylinder, the arrangement being such that
the fibre between the intervening spaces of the bars is exposed to the action of the dye
liquor.
If desirable there may be several layers of sliver each layer resting upon
separate rows of bars; by which means a large quantity of fibre can be dyed at one
operation.

page_text: I, JOAN LODGE, of Bath Mills, Lockwood, near Huddersfield, Yorkshire, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The special object of my invention is the production, by employing suitable
apparatus, of improved mixture yarns, prepared in the manner described in the
Specification of letters patent applied for by me and dated November 1st 1887,
No. 14850.
Prior to the date of the said Letters Patent, mixed coloured yarns had been
produced by dyeing the whole of the tops or slivers used in forming the yarns and
then blending them with tops or slivers of other colours or undyed. The result has
been that when mixture yarns so prepared have been manufactured into cloth, it has
been found defective owing to the streaky or cloudy appearance of its surface.
In carrying out my present invention, I employ special apparatus constructed and
used as hereinafter described. I employ frames in which grates or bars are placed one
above another, and the tops or slivers are placed between the grates or bars as shown
in the annexed drawings, in which my improved apparatus is illustrated and which 1
proceed to describe. In Fig. 1, A represents a grate composed of a number of bars
arranged side by side with spaces between each bar, which bars are connected
together by a thin plate, rivetted or otherwise fastened at each end of the said
bars as shewn at a in Fig. 6. The grates A have tops or slivers wound upor. them,
after which they are arranged alternately with uncovered grates B, and bolted or
clamped together as shewn in Fig. 1, which is an end view of a series of grates
clamped tightly together by bolts C, whilst Fig. 2 is a section of Fig. 1 taken
through the line b. c. When a series of grates covered with top or sliver are arranged
as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, they are immersed in a dye vessel, and after remaining
therein a suitable length of time, such grates are removed, and on being separated
from each other, parts of the fibre will have been dyed, and parts left undyed, as
illustrated in diagram Fig. 3, after which a plate is placed into the machine as shown
at Fig. 7, for the purpose of unwinding the slivers.
Instead of dyoing the slivers in sections, as illustrated in diagram Fig. 3, I may
arrange the bars of the grates diagonally, as shewn in plan view Fig. 4 and section
Fig. 4 sheet 2 so as to dye the said slivers of fibre in diagonal divisions as per
diagram Fig. 5, so that as the fibre is being drawn in the combing or other manu-
facturing process, the dyed and undyed portions of fibre will be very evenly mixed and
blended together. The top or sliver may be wound around the grates by manual
labour, but in order to wind the said top or sliver around the grates in a uniform and
regular manner, I prefer to employ mechanical appliances for that purpose, which is

page_text: illustrated on sheet 1 of the accompanying drawings, where Fig. 6 is a front elevation
of the apparatus so employed, and Fig. 7 end view thereof. A grate to be covered with
sliver is taken hold of by a pair of jaws or clamps D, see Fig. 6, mounted in pedestals
or framework E and caused to revolve by driving pulleys F. To ensure that the top
or sliver is wound upon the grate in a regular and uniform manner, I pass one end
of the said sliver through an eyelet G attached to a nut or screwed boss H, working
on the horizontal screw I, the said screw being connected by spur gearing J or otherwise
driven from the driving shaft K; therefore when about to commence to wind the top
or sliver upon the grate mounted as shewn in Fig. 6, the screwed boss H carrying the
eyelet is caused to travel endwise as the grate revolves, and when the eyelet has
arrived at the end of the grate, the boss H comes into contact with a lever arm L. fixed
to the bottom of the upright rod M connected to the strap fork N so that when the
grate has been filled with sliver the screwed boss will come into contact with the lever
on the bottom of the upright rod so as to rock or oscillate the said rod in such manner
as to move the strap from the fast to the loose pulley, whereby the winding on is
stopped. The nut on the screw I can be wound back by hand wheel P so as to
commence to wind on another grate.
Instead of winding the top or sliver on a flat grate as already shewn and described,
the said top may be wound upon a cylinder composed of either horizontal bars or bars
placed diagonally, as illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9 on sheet 3 where Fig. 9 is end
view or section of a cylinder composed of diagonal bars A, which bars, after having
been covered with the top or slivers of fibre, are partly covered over by grates B
and attached to the bars A by clamps or screwed rods C, the nuts and screws d
permitting the bars or grates to be drawn together to any degree of tightness. The
cylinder so covered is immersed in the dye liquor as already explained, for the purpose
of dyeing fibre in sections.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
Firstly. The employment of grates or bars, arranged and combined substantially as
herein described and illustrated in the annexed drawings, for dyeing tops or slivers in
parts so as to be suitable for being formed into my improved mixture yarns.
Secondly. The combination of parts forming my improved frame for dyeing purposes
constructed substantially as described and shewn in Figs. 1 to 7 on sheet 1 of the
annexed drawings.
Thirdly. The employment of bars or grates arranged diagonally for the purpose
of dyeing the slivers,substantially as described and illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 on sheet II
of the annexed drawings.
Fourthly. The combination of parts forming my improved frame for dyeing purposes
constructed and arranged as described and shewn in Figs. S and 9 on sheet III of the
annexed drawings.