Improvements in Devices for Keying or Clutching Wheels, Pulleys, and the like, to Shafts or Axles.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Aug., 1996
Complete Specification Left, 12th Feb., 1897-Accepted, 13th Mar., 1997
ONAL SP
Improvements in Devices for Keying or Clutching Wheels, Pulleys,
and the like, to Shafts or Axles.
I, JAMES GARVIE, of Devanha House, New Southgate, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to devices for keying or clutching wheels pulleys and the like
to shafts or axles.
According to my invention I form the boss of the wheel or pulley with a segmental
tapering slot which is open to the central opening in the wheel through which the
shaft passes. Within this slot I arrange a loose cylindrical key or roller which is
of less diameter than the widest part of the slot. When in its place this cylindrical
key lies in rolling contact with the shaft and thus when the said shaft revolves in
a direction towards the narrowest portion of the said slot, the key or roller becomes
firmly wedged between the shaft and the wall of the slot thereby securely keying
or clutching the wheel to the shaft. If desired I may employ two or more of these
slots.
By employing two slots with their tapered ends directed in opposite directions
I am enabled to key the wheel to the shaft irrespective of the direction in which
the shaft revolves, one of the said slots and its roller coming into operation when
the shaft revolves in one direction and the other when the shaft revolves in the
reverse direction.
It will be obvious that by mounting the aforesaid cylindrical key or roller loosely
in a forked arm, suitably arranged, I can control the position of the key or roller
so that it may be shifted into the widest part of the slot and held out of contact
with the shaft until it is desired to drive the wheel or pulley. Then by releasing
the said key or roller so that it comes into contact with the shaft the wheel and
its shaft immediately revolve together. The device can thus be used as a clutch.
Dated this 14th day of August 1896.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Devices for Keying or Clutching Wheels, Pulleys,
and the like, to Shafts or Axles.
I, JAMES GARVIE, of Devanha House, New Southgate, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to devices for keying or clutching wheels, pulleys and the like

page_text: to shafts or axles, and is designed to enable a driving connection between the wheel and
shaft to be established when either the wheel or the shaft commences to revolve
in the proper direction, without the employment of an ordinary permanent keying
arrangement of the kind generally used for attaching a wheel to its shaft.
According to my said invention I form the boss of the wheel pulley or the like with
a slot, space or cavity which opens on to the axle and is tapered or inclined from its
deepest part in one or both directions. Within this cavity is a loose cylindrical key
or roller which bears against the surface of the shaft and whose diameter exceeds the
least depth of the cavity but is less than the greatest depth thereof. Thus when the
said shaft revolves towards the shallowest part of the said space or cavity or when
the wheel revolves in the opposite direction, the cylindrical key or roller becomes
firmly wedged between the shaft and the opposite wall of the space or cavity and locks
the said wheel to its shaft so that they will revolve together.
And in order that the invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into
effect I will proceed to describe the same fully by reference to the accompanying
drawing in which
Figure 1 is a longitudinal part section through the boss of a pulley provided with
one arrangement of my improved keying device.
Figure 2 is a transverse section thereof, on the line e a of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of another arrangement of the said device, and
Figure 4 is a transverse section thereof on the line y, y of Figure 3.
Figures 5 and 6 are respectively a transverse and a longitudinal section showing a
mode of applying the invention to a lathe carrier.
Figures 7 and 8 are corresponding views showing another mode of applying it to
a lathe carrier.
Referring more particularly to Figures 1 and 2, a is the boss of the wheel and bis
the shaft. c is the space or cavity, which in this case consists of a segmental slot open
to the central opening or eye in the boss through which the shaft passes. d is the
loose cylindrical key or roller contained in the said slot. The roller may be inserted
through the eye of the boss into the deeper end of the slot, either before or after the
shaft is passed through the said eve. As the roller has a diameter slightly less than
the depth of the slot at this part, the passage of the shaft through the boss can be
effected without the roller interfering therewith. After the parts are thus combined
but before the wheel and pulley are locked together, the roller d occupies the position
shown in full lines in Figure 2, but when the shaft revolves in the direction of the
arrow, or when the wheel revolves in the opposite direction, the roller is caught in the
shallow part of the segmental slot e as indicated in dotted lines, being in this position
jammed between the wall of the slot and the surface of the shaft, and serving to lock
the shaft and wheel securely together. Their disconnection can however be readily
effected after they are brought to rest by turning one or other of them in the opposite
direction to that in which it was turned to effect the engagement.
In the arrangement shown in Figures 3 and 4 the space or cavity c is formed by
providing the boss a with an eccentric eye or hole, the ends of which are closed by
flanges or inwardly projecting portions a' on the boss. These portions a' extend
around the boss and have openings to receive the shaft, which openings are
concentric with the wheel. The eccentricity of the eye or hole in the boss is such
that the greatest distance between the shaft and the wall of said cavity, or in other
words the greatest depth of the said cavity, exceeds to a slight extent the diameter
of the roller, while owing to such eccentricity the said depth will diminish gradually
in both directions.
Consequently by placing the roller d at this deepest part as indicated in full lines
the shaft can be inserted into the eye, when by turning the said shaft or the wheel
in either direction, the roller will be caused to jam in one or other of the shallower
portions of the cavity c, as indicated in dotted lines. It will be seen that this
latter arrangement will act to lock the parts together no matter in which direction
the revolution occurs, whereas the arrangement shown in Figures 1 and 2 acts only
when the revolution occurs in one direction.

page_text: In the application of the invention to a lathe carrier as shown in Figures 5
and 6, a is the boss of the lathe carrier, 6 the shaft or piece of work to be driven,
and c the space or cavity for the key d this space consisting of a segmental slot c
in the boss, the arrangement being similar to that described with reference to
Figures 1 and 2. This carrier possesses the advantage that the roller d can be
inserted at the deepest part of the slot after the carrier is in position, but it can
only drive in one direction and must therefore be taken off and reversed if it be
required to drive in the opposite direction. In order to obviate this and to provide
a carrier which will drive either way I may form the boss of the carrier so that
the space or cavity c is eccentric as shown in Figures 7 and 8 on the same principle
as the arrangement shown in Figures 3 and 4, the boss in the lathe carrier being
provided with projecting portions or flanges a'. Obviously however these might be
dispensed with if desired.
When the carrier is properly set and rotated, the roller engages in the shallow part
of the groove between the boss and the work d which it is to drive, thus securing the
two firmly together. In order to release the work the carrier is shifted backward in
the opposite direction, when the roller immediately disengages itself and the carrier is
free to be slipped off from the work. These carriers can be applied to and removed
from the work instantly; and the rollers do not mark the work as screws and other
devices usually used for fixing lathe carriers have a tendency to do. My improved
carriers can therefore be used for driving finished work without fear of damaging or
spoiling it.
In some cases I may provide two segmental slots such as shown in Figures 1 and 2,
and Figures 5 and 6, with their tapered ends in opposite directions, so that one of the
said slots and its roller shall come into operation when the shaft revolves in one
direction and the other when it revolves in the opposite direction. I prefer however
to use the eccentric space or cavity for this purpose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
The improved means for keying or clutching wheels, pulleys, lathe carriers, and the
like, to shafts or axles, substantially as herein before described with reference to
Figures 1 and 2, or to Figures 3 and 4 or to Figures 5 to 8 of the accompanying
drawings.
DAL: LOL
ted this 19th day of February 1891.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.