Improvements in Ring Spinning Machines.
Year: 1887

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ring Spinning Machines.
We, GEORGE WASHINGTON SHOEMAKER, and ALFRED HARVEY manufacturers,
residing at Dalton in the County of Lackawanna and State of Pennsylvania, and
EDWARD MILES Attorney at Law, residing at Scranton, in the County of Lackawanna
and State of Pennsylvania, all of the United States of America, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Figure, 1, is an elevation of one end of my improved ring spinning machine
showing the drawing rolls near the terminus of their down stroke.
Figure, 2, is a front elevation of the machine, parts of one end of the same being
broken away.
Figure, 3, is a section taken horizontally through figs. 1, and, 2, in the plane
indicated by dotted lines, x-x, thereon showing parts of some of the driving bands
removed.
Figure, 4, is a detail of the fast cam, B³, and parts connected therewith.
Figure, 5, is an enlarged perspective view of part of the main frame, its drawing
rolls, endless race-belt and pitman rod for the lower drawing-roll carriage.
Our invention relates to certain novel improvements which are applicable to
continuous drawing and ring spinning machines for spinning wool, cotton and other
fibrous materials which will be hereinafter described and pointed out.
Referring by letter to the accompanying drawings, A designates the main frame
and, A', the main driving shaft, suitably journalled thereon. B, designates a shaft
driven from the main shaft, A¹, by means of a pinion spur wheel, a, keyed on the
latter engaging with a master spur wheel, b, on shaft, B, as clearly shown in figures, 1,
and, 2., is a shaft which receives rotation from the shaft, B, by the wheel, 6,
engaging with a pinion, c keyed on shaft, C. D, is a spur wheel which receives rotation
from the large spur wheel, C³, on the shaft, C, through the medium of a spur wheel, e,
keyed on the end of a shaft, e', of a drum, X'. This spur wheel, D, transmits rotation
directly to the feed rolls, E, E, by engaging with twin spurred pinions, es, es, shown
alearly in figure, 1, and, F, are movable rolls which rest on the feed rolls, E, E.

page_text: An endless belt, B2, runs from a band wheel a', keyed on the main shaft, A',
under a band wheel, G, keyed on a shaft, G¹, thence over an idler pulley, J,
and around a band wheel, K, on a worm shaft, K. The shaft, G¹, transmits
rotation to a shaft, H, at right angles to it, by means of a beveled pinion, H2,
keyed on said shaft, G₁, which pinion engages with a large bevel spur wheel, H*,
keyed on shaft, H. On this shaft, H, is a bevel pinion, 2, which engages with
a similar pinion, 3, keyed on the lower end of a shaft I, which latter in turn
transmits motion to a shaft, B4, bearing a cam, B³, by means of the beveled
pinions, H³, and, H. The cam, B₁, shown clearly in figures, 2, &, 3, receives its
movements from the shaft, K¹, through the medium of the worm, A1, and worm
wheel, L, and said band wheel, K, receives rotation from the main driving shaft by
means of the same belt, B2, which rotates the shaft, G³, as above described.
?
M³, designates a rectilinear reciprocating carriage which is guided between points,f,f,
on an inclined way, N, and which bears the drawing rolls, R³, R', on top of which are
other rolls S, the journals of the drawing rolls, R¹, R¹, bear race pulleys, R, R, which
impinge upwardly against the upper half of an endless race belt, O, hereinafter
referred to. The drawing roll carriage, M¹, receives its traversing movements from
the master spur wheel, b, by means of a pitman rod, M, connected to the wheel by a
wrist pin, M³, shown in figure, 1. The endless race belt, O, runs from the pulley, O¹,
on the shaft, C, to a pulley, P, which turns freely on a stud fixed to the side of the
main frame, A. The carriage, M', receives an alternate forward and receding motion
and simultaneously therewith these rolls, R, R, receive rotary motion by reason of the
frictional contact of their race pulleys with the under side of the upper half of the belt, O.
The spindles, P¹, receive rapid rotation for effecting the spinning of the rovings
from a horizontal cylinder, T, journaled in the main frame, A, and receiving rotation
from a pulley, a¹ on the main shaft acting through the medium of an endless belt, V,
and a pulley, a², on the shaft of the said cylinder, X, is a spool from which is
unwound the rovings by means of a drum, X³, on which the same impinges, which
drum is on the shaft e¹, of the intermediate gear wheel, e, that derives its rotation from
the spur wheel, a, on the main shaft, A', acting through the medium of their master
spur wheel, b, pinion, c, and large spur wheel, C, above described. The journal of
each end of spool X, may bear upon a bracket, X', as shown in figures, 1, and, 2.
Το
A², is the horizontal vertically movable ring rail supporting the rings, B³, and their
travellers, C; and, A³, is the rail on which spindles, P¹, are stepped. The ring
rail, A2, is supported from rods, G³, and, G₁, the rods, G³, serving simply as lifter
rods are not rigidly connected with the rail but simply lift and support the same.
this end the upper end of said rods may be provided with sockets for the reception of
a guide rod projecting from the underside of the ring rail as shown in dotted lines,
fig. 2. The rods, G¹², are rigidly connected to the rail, and said rods, G¹³, as well as
the rods, G3, pass through the spindle rail, A³, and are jointed at their lower ends to
levers, G, and G".
The lever, G', is secured to a fulcrum, G, that has its bearings in the main frame
and carries a lever, F, jointed at its upper end to a rod, B. This rod, B8, is secured
at one end in the sleeve, f, of a double sleeve carrier, fig. 4, and within the sleeve, ³,
of said carrier is secured an arm or rod f18, figs. 1, and, 3, the outer end of which rod
is slotted and through said slot passes the shaft, B. From the sleeve,, projects a
hooked rider, B', that is adjustably secured to said sleeve by means of set screws.
The shaft, B, carries a cam, B*, that serves to impart to the rod, B³, a rapid
horizontal reciprocation through the medium of the rider, B'. The shaft, B*, has its
bearings in the upper end of the lever, F1, figs. 1, and, 4, and in the upper end of a
bracket, I, that has its bearings for a vertical shaft or spindle, I, carrying at each end
a bevel wheel, H³, and, 3, respectively.
The upper bevel wheel, H³, meshes with a like wheel, H*, on shaft, B, and the
lower bevel wheel, 3, with a like wheel, 2, on shaft, H, as herein before described, on
which shaft the lower end of bracket, 1', and lever, F", are fulcrumed, as shown in
said figure, 1.
The bracket, I¹, and lever, F¹², together with the shaft, B4, are therefore free to

page_text: rock on the shaft, H, without disengaging the bevel wheels, 2, and, 3. To permit the
shaft, B, to pass through the lever, F1, and to prevent said lever from interfering
with the cam, Bs, the upper end of the lever is bent at right angles and has in the said
end a bearing for the said shaft, B*, so that said bearing will lie either on one or the
other side of the cam.
The motion of the cam, B', is communicated to the ring rail, A', by means of the
curved rider, E¹, which is fixed to or forms part of the rocking bracket, I', and
consequently forms part of the system, B4, I¹, F12, F³, G¹, G³, G², and, G¹. The
cam B¹, revolves slowly and imparts a slow steady upward motion to the rider, E¹,
and through it to the ring rail, A2, until the rider reaches the summit or apex of the
cam when the rail speedily descends to a point say one inch below the bobbin, D2,
It is requisite in the formation of a cop that the ring rail should have in addition to
gradually ascending motion, alternate rising and falling motion for the winding on
of the superposed layers of thread or yarn such motions being equal in extent to the
height of the conical end of the cop.
These alternate motions are imparted by means of the cam B³, which acting on the
rider, B', gives a horizontal reciprocatory motion to the rod, BB, such motion being
converted through the mediation of the levers, G", and G7, into a vertical
reciprocatory motion of the rods, G³, and, G¹, and ring rail, A.
The cam, B³, is adapted to make say from fifty to seventy five revolutions whilst
cam, B', makes but one revolution this proportion being arrived at by driving the
former by bevel wheels and the latter by a worm and wheel. In practice the cam, B³,
has a throw of from one to one and a half inches.
The cam, B, thus gives the outline and build of the complete cop whilst the
B³, gives the rapid motion which forms the nose or conical head thereof.
cam,
The travellers, C, deliver the yarn on the bobbin as fast as it is payed out from the
drawing rolls, and the drawing rolls, R', R', deliver the yarn completely drawn and
partially twisted over the notched guide rail, W, to the spindles, P¹, which give the
yarn its complement of twist. By reference to figures, 1, and, 5, it will be observed
that the race belt, O, moves in the direction of the arrows. This belt has a speed
equal to the desired feed of the rovings to the spindles and the action of this belt on
the latter is as follows
As above described the belt, O, passos over and turns the race pulleys, R, R, on
said roller journals. These race pulleys being of the same diameter as their rolls, it
follows that the same rotary speed is given to the rolls that is given to the race
pulleys which drive them. The driving or pitman rod, M, gives this drawing
mechanism an alternate reciprocating motion which directly affects the speed of said
rolls but not the speed of the race belt, O.
The speed of the drawing rolls is affected as follows: first, when these rolls are
receding from the spindles the speed increases over the normal movement of the
race belt to cover the distance passed over (from points, f, to, f,) and second in the
downward or forward movement toward the spindles, the drawing mechanism moves
much faster than the race belt and causes the rolls, R', R', to receive rotary motion
in a direction opposite to that which they have while receding.
The operation is as follows: The rovings pass out from the feed rolls, E, E, to the
drawing rolls, R, R', which must have a greater speed than that of the rolls, E, E,
and are thereby caused to draw the rovings to any attenuated degree desired, but it is
necessary that a certain percentum of twist be present at the place of drawing which
place is between the feed rolls and the drawing rolls and the bodily reciprocating
movements of these latter rolls allow the twist necessary for the drawing of even
yarn to pass up to the said place of drawing. As the drawing mechanism moves
forward the drawing rolls run downward upon the yarn between the guide rail, W,
and the feed rolls, E, E, while the spindles are constantly giving the yarn its finishing
twist. After this twist is passed over by the drawing rolls in their forward motion
these rolls recede again during which movement the twist is allowed as it comes from
the spindles to follow the rolls up until they move downward again to run over the
twist as before described.

page_text: Different degrees of twist are given to the yarn by increasing or diminishing the
velocity of the cylinder, T, which rotates the spindles relatively to the speed of the
drawing rolls and the amount of twist allowed at the place of draught is regulated
by the throws of the drawing rolls per minute.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what inanner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is.—
1. In a ring spinning machine, the combination of bodily reciprocating and rotating
drawing rolls with feed rolls, an endless race belt, a pitman driver, means as described
for operating the said feed rolls, race belt and pitman driver, substantially as specified.
2. In a ring spinning machine, the combination with the main frame having an
inclined guide way of a reciprocating carriage bearing drawing rolls, means for
giving a positive reciprocating motion to said carriage and an endless belt moving
continuously in one direction for rotating said rolls, and feed rolls located between
the drawing rolls and roving spool, substantially as specified.
3. The combination in a ring spinning machine, of bodily reciprocating and
rotating drawing rolls, mechanism substantially as described for giving said
movements to the rolls, feed rolls in rear thereof and a guide rail and spindles in
front thereof, substantially as specified.
4. The combination with the main driving shaft of the master wheel, b, and its
driving pinion bodily reciprocating drawing rolls, the pitman connecting said master
wheel directly to the carriage bearing said rolls, the carriage, a train of gearing, an
endless race belt receiving movement continuously in one direction from said main
shaft through the medium of the train of gearing and race pulleys on the journals of
said rolls impinging against & rotated by said belt, substantially as specified.
5. In a continuous ring spinning machine, the combination of feed rolls, the
carriage bearing the drawing rolls means as described for reciprocating the carriage,
the spindles the mechanism for actuating the spindles the race pulleys & driving
belt for these drawing rolls as described, a vertically movable ring rail, fast and slow
cams and their riders and devices intermediate of the rider and ring rail, substantially
as specified.
6. The combination with the vertically movable ring rail and its supporting staffs
& the vibrating arms of vibrating levers, F³, one of which bears a fast cam, B³,
actuating mechanism for said cam, a rider, E¹, the slow, cam, B', its worm wheel and
worm, the rider, B', the rod, BB, the shaft, K', the driving pulleys, and the main
shaft, A', substantially as specified.
7. In combination with the main frame of a ring spinning machine, drawing rolls
which receive a bodily rectilinear reciprocating movement, means as described for
reciprocating the carriage and rolls and an endless belt applied to rotate said rolls
during said movement, substantially as specified.
Dated this 15th day of February 1887