matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
ImprovE- MENTS IN STEAK BOILERS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Horner and Adam Dobson, both of Belfast,
in the County of Antrim, Ireland, for the Invention of "ImprovE-
MENTS IN STEAK BOILERS."
Sealed the 9th May 1873, and dated the 10th March 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Goorgo Horner and
Adam Dobson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 10th March 1873.
WC, GEORGE HOBNER and ADAM DOBSON, both of Belfast, in the
County of Antrim, Ireland, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS," to bo as follows:-
Our Invention consists in fitting one or more tubular heaters within
the flues of any ordinary flued boiler. The said heater consists of a
cylindrical vessel with longitudinal tubes open at either end like those

page_text: of a tubular boiler. It is fixed longitudinally in the boiler flue with a
space
all round between it and the sides of the flue, and communicates
with the water space of the boiler by pipes so that the heat will pass
through said tubes and along the flue, and round the heater whereby the
whole surface of the heater and its tubes is available as heating surface 5
in addition to the sides of the fluc. The said heater may be of cylin
drical or of other shape, and one or more may be fitted in the same
flue.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY CARRIAGE AND OTHER LAMPS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Charles Miles at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th April 1873.
I, WILLIAM CHARLES MILES, of Upper Clapton, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY CARRIAGE AND OTHER LAMPS," to be as
follows, that is to say :-
This Invention consists in improvements in the construction of oil
lamps for lighting railway carriages and other places, whereby the air
necessary for the combustion of the oil is introduced from below, thereby
enabling me to dispense with the chimneys and air supply pipes usually
employed in such lamps.
To carry out my Invention for a railway carriage lamp I make the
exterior body of the lamp of glass as usual, but in the centre of the
bottom a cylindrical opening is provided forming a short tube projecting
upwards; on this short tube is fitted a tube of brass or other metal
having a flange at the top, or this flange may be formed on the glass
tube; from this tube extends a. cylinder of wire gauze or open metal
work on which rests a trough or receiver; this trough is for receiving any

page_text: overflow of oil from the oil receiver or otherwise, such overflow being
conveyed from the trough to the bottom of the lamp by a small tube or
tubes passing from the trough and outside or through the flange herein-
before described, and which flange prevents the said overflow being
thrown by the shaking of the carriage or otherwise over and through the
opening in the bottom of the lamp; in this opening and nearly on a
level with the bottom of the lamp I place a disc of metal or glass,
perforated or not, suitably connected by a rod or bolt to the bottom of
the herein-before described trough, and between the said disc and the
bottom of the trough I may place another perforated disc or discs, or a
cone of perforated metal or wire gauze.
The other parts of the lamp such as the oil receiver and supply pipes
and burner may be of the ordinary construction, a cap or jacket being
placed round the burner, oil recipient, and trough if found desirable, for
directing the air to the flame.
The improved lamp is specially adapted for burning mineral oils.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LIFE PRESERVERS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Elizabeth Russ Cogswell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with her Petition, on the
19th July 1873.
I, ELIZABETH RUSS COGSWELL, of the City and State of New York, in
the United States of North America, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LIFE PRESERVERS," to be as
follows:-
The several varieties of life preservers hitherto devised have been
found objectionable in practice for the reason that they have either been
difficult of adjustment, liable to injury from accidents common under
those conditions where life preservers are required, or so ill adapted to
their purpose, that under the vicissitudes in which they are most needed
their buoyant power has failed to sustain the person using them in the
proper position in the water. Those made of india-rubber or like
impermeable material and inflated with air, are liable to collapse from
the effects of the slightest puncture, and are moreover difficult of
inflation by persons of weak lungs or inexperienced in the manipulation
of such devices; those of the usual annular form and stuffed with cork
or equivalent substance, are necessarily clumsy and difficult of adjust-

page_text: ment. Furthermore whether buoyant with air or stuffing, the life
preservers in ordinary use are liable to be displaced by the action of the
waves, and when thus brought out of position, increase rather than
diminish the danger of the person relying upon them.
My Invention is designed to obviate these defects, and it consists in a
buoyant garment adapted to be worn or secured upon the upper part of
the person without the necessity of any special skill or care in its
adjustment, and made buoyant by means of granulated cork, appro-
priately distributed in its structure. Also in certain special arrangements
of the buoyant material in the said garment, whereby its flotative power
is applied to the best advantage. Also in the combination with the said
garment of buoyant pads or floats, having flexible connection therewith, in
such a manner that when the person is immersed, the said floats or pads
will automatically rise or fold upward to or towards the surface, and act
in immediate conjunction with the garment to sustain the head and
shoulders above the surface.
The life saving apparatus thus constructed cis proof against injury,
from thrust or collision, against displacement from the force of the
waves, and furthermore provides for the support of the wearer in the
water in the position most conducive to safety, with the least possible
expenditure of physical strength, and even if pierced or fractured will
still remain buoyant and efficient, its buoyant portions being so arranged
that injury to one will not affect the other.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BALE FASTENINGS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Vincent Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patent, with his Petition, on the
24th May 1873.-A communication from abroad by Eleazar Judson
Beard, of St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, United States of
America.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BALE
FASTENINGS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in connecting together the
ends of metal bands or hoop iron used for banding cotton and other
bales, without the use of buckles and clasps and such like detachable
devices. To avoid the cost and inconvenience arising from use of these
metal ties or fastenings, the ends of the bands or hoop iron are caused to
hook the one on to the other and become locked together. Thus, for
example, the looped ends of the band may catch into a notch cut in one
edge of the other end of the band, say, at about four or more inches from
the extremity thereof. The notch may be strengthened by riveting a short
piece into the face of the band, and if desired this same piece may extend

page_text: beyond the edge of the band sufficiently to take the loop of the other end
of the band, and thus dispense with the notching of the hoop iron. Near
the extremity of the notched end of the band a rivet or button is pro-
vided for the edge of the looped end to catch under, and this in
connection with the notch or other means provided for looping on to
forms a lock.
The Invention it will be understood admits of a variety of modifi-
cations; thus, one modification which answers well consists in bending
under a longitudinal strip which is cut out for the lock, so that its end
will make a double bearing at the notch for the loop.
Another mode is to connect the locking piece with the notched end by
a rivet on which it turns, and to carry the notch through both. This
allows of the two ends drawing in a straight line.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HEELS FOR BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Wright at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th
January 1873. A communication from abroad by Eugène Adolphe
Aublet and Jean Gustave Baudot, of 141, Rue Pelleport, Paris.
I, JAMES WRIGHT, of No. 150, Gresham House, City of London, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HEELS FOR BOOTS AND SHOES,” to be
as follows, that is to say :-
My Invention consists in the use and application of paper, papier
maché, or any other substance having paper as the basis of its com-
position as a material for the manufacture of the heels of boots or shoes.
The substance manufactured in several well-known ways is sawn into
pieces of the required size which are placed in a machine similar to that
used for shaping wooden heels. I also manufacture the material from
paper without glue in the following manner:-I place the paper leaf
upon leaf, interposing layers of starch, glue, or dextrine between each
leaf, when it is of the required thickness it is placed upon moulds which

page_text: are brought under a warm hydraulic press. I then apply the requisite
pressure and allow the heels to dry in the moulds. I also manufacture
the heels from paper pulp mixed with starch, glue, or dextrine which is
put in the moulds, pressed, and dried in the same manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BREECH-LOADING FIRE- ARMS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Apted at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
July 1873.
I, JOHN HENRY APTED, of Durham Road, Lower Norwood, in the
County of Surrey, Gun Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BREECH-LOADING FIRE-
ARMS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved arrangement for cocking the
locks of breech-loading fire-arms in which the ordinary locks and
hammers are employed.
Supposing the Invention to be applied to a double-barrel "break-down"
gun, the sliding locking bolt which secures the barrel to the breech action
is formed at its rear end with a forked projection, the prongs of which
are brought into line with the tumblers of the locks at a part where they
are furnished with antifriction rollers.
When operating the lever to withdraw the bolt and allow the barrels
to drop for the purpose of exposing their rear ends, the forked end of
the bolt will be caused to bear against the tumblers and push back the

page_text: hammers to the position of full cock. The closing of the gun and the
return of the lever to its normal position will leave the hammers at full
cock.
It will be understood that this result may be also attained by the use
of a side lever or a top lever, or by any of the well known contrivances 5
employed for withdrawing the locking bolt.
The Invention also applies to "pin-fire," "central-fire," and "rim-
fire" guns, furnished with a sliding bolt.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COKING COAL AND OTHER CARBONACEOUS MATTERS, AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREYOR
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Aitken at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
December 1878.
I, HENRY AITKEN, of Falkirk, in the County of Stirling, North
Britain, Coal Master, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COKING COAL AND OTHER CARBONACEOUS MATTERS,
AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREYOR," to be as follows, that is to
Bay :-
This Invention, which relates to improvements in coking coal and
other carbonaceous matters, consists in forcing or blowing air, which
may be heated or cold, into the upper part of coking ovens or kilns, that
is to say, into the space between the upper surface of the coal or
carbonaceous matter and the roof of the ovens or kilns. It is preferred
that the air so forced in be heated. The object in so forcing or blowing
in the air above the coal or carbonaceous matter is to burn the whole
or a portion of the escaping gases, thereby effecting the coking
onemation

page_text: In carrying out the Invention the material to be coked is placed in
the oven or kiln and ignited in the ordinary manner, and so soon as
sufficient gas comes off all the apertures except the gas or smoke exit
are closed and the air blast is applied and continuously blown in so long
as gas continues to be given off by the materials, after which the t
materials may be drawn or allowed to remain in the oven or kiln to
cool.
The gases resulting from the operation may be employed for raising
steam or for forcing or blowing the air; and they may be applied for
heating the air to be used in the kilns or ovens, or for heating and 1
raising steam for other purposes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Leon Dupont at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th
December 1873.
I, LEON DUPONT, of Covent Garden, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
GAS BURNERS," to be as follows:-
:-
My Invention relates to improvements in gas burners, having for their
object to improve the combustion of the gas and increase the intensity
of the light obtained by heating the gas before it is consumed, and
preventing the cooling of the flame.
The Invention consists, 1st, in providing a metallic chamber imme-
diately beneath the orifice at which the gas issues, in which chamber
the gas becomes heated, and any watery particles it may contain are
evaporated previous to its combustion. For this purpose the gas is made
to circulate, and is detained in the chamber until it becomes hot by
annular deflectors so arranged as to baffle and prevent the gas passing
directly through the chamber from the inlet to the orifice.

page_text: The Invention also consists in closing the annular opening round an
argand or similar burner at the base of the chimney by a covering of
wire gauze to limit the admission of air, and divide it into minute
streams as it passes through the meshes of the gauze.
The Invention further consists in forming the holes or orifices of an
argand burner of peculiar shape so as to reduce the amount of metal in
contact with the flame.
The holes are formed by stamping up and perforating the metal from
the back so as to leave a raised burr round the holes, which is then
flattened down to form a narrow lip around the inside of the orifices,
which are thus contracted in diameter at the point where the gas
issues.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Westley and William
Westley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 29th August 1873.
We, THOMAS WESTLEY and WILLIAM WESTLEY, both of Preston, in
the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SEWING MACHINES," to
be as follows :—
This Invention relates to the means of applying
what are known as arm sewing machines.
" a bottom feeder" to
The feeder consists of a roughened plate, which is traversed to and
fro in a recess in the feed plate, and is raised horizontally during its
forward movement, and falls again previous to its backward motion.
The traversing to and fro of the feeder is effected by means of a
cranked feeding arm or lever under the machine, which is actuated by a
cam or excentric on the lower end of the vertical shaft.
-
The lifting of the feeder simultaneously at both ends is effected by
means of two inclined planes, so that the feeder is not tilted at one end
only, but is kept quite horizontal during the feed,

page_text: One of the inclined planes is formed on the end of the cranked
feeding arm, and acts against a bracket fixed underneath the bed of the
machine, and the other is formed on an arm attached to the cranked
feeding arm and moving with it, so that as these two inclined planes
move together they raise both ends of the feeder simultaneously, and
thus keep it always horizontal during the feed.
The feeder is brought down by means of a spring ready for its back-
ward movement as soon as the inclined planes are withdrawn by the
backward motion of the cranked feeding arm..
AN IMPROVED ELECTRIC BATTERY
Year: 1873

page_text: |_ PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left. by Léon Frèret at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th Septem-
ber 1873: A communication from abroad by Hyppolyte Guerot,
of Paris, and Oscar Lesourd, of Livry (Seine et Oise), both in the
French Republic.
"
66
I, LÉON FRERET, of Princes Street, Barbican, in the City of London,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for AN IMPROVED
ELECTRIC BATTERY," a communication from abroad by Hyppolyte Guerot,
of Paris, and Oscar Lesourd, of Livry (Seine et Oise), both in the
French Republic, to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to simplify the construction of electric
batteries, and render them more efficient and durable and less costly than
heretofore.
The means by which it is proposed to accomplish these objects are as
follows:-
First. The porous cell is coated or covered over nearly its entire
surface with enamel or varnish in order that the process of filtering may
be prolonged or rendered slower.

page_text: dissolution the zinc of the battery is attacked, the effect of which is to
oxydize the zinc and form with the sulphuric acid set free sulphate of
zinc which dissolves in the liquid, and the hydrogen being liberated by
means of the reaction goes to the carbon of the battery, and then meets
the depolarizing body which it deoxidizes by forming water.
The depolarizing body having parted with its oxygen assumes by
degrees a greenish tint characteristic of oxide of chrome. The effect of
the sulphate of iron is to regulate the ordinary action which takes place
with the bichromate of potash alone. The sulphate of soda assists the
dissolution and facilitates decomposition. By the above means the
battery is comparatively permanent from the fact that in a small space a
large quantity of oxygenized matter is contained, and utilized in pro-
portion to the requirements of the battery.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR THE IMPREGNATION OF AIR FOR SUPPLYING THE LUNGS OR OTHER PARTS OF THE BODY
Year: 1873

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Pierre Villiers and Joseph
Mayer at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 20th August 1873.
.
We, PIERRE VILLIERS, of No. 5, College Street, Fulham Road, M.D.,
and JOSEPH MAYER, of No. 59, Great Portland Street, both in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR THE IMPREGNATION
OF AIR FOR SUPPLYING THE LUNGS OR OTHER PARTS OF THE BODY," to be as
follows:-
-
The object of the Invention is to supply increased quantities of
oxygen or other gases or vapours to atmospheric air and to facilitate
the conducting of the impregnated air to the lungs, or it may be to
wounds or other openings on the surface of the body. For this purpose
we apply the impregnating material in a small chamber open at the top
but enclosed in a larger and close chamber.
The air to be impregnated is forced by a hand ball, inflator, or other
suitable forcing means through a tube into and through the cover of the
larger chamber to near the bottom of the inner chamber, so that it

page_text: may be distributed amongst the matters in that vessel to absorb gas
therefrom. This impregnated air thence passes away by another tube,
by which and a suitable mouth piece it may be inhaled by a consumptive
or other patient, or by adopting other forms of outlet the impregnated
air may be forced into a wound or other opening.
For the supply of oxygen we employ camphor of Borneo combined
with either rosin from cedar or from spruce, fir, or essence of canella, or
turpentine or cachou (Japan earth), or Italian essence, or Royal essence,
or American white turpentine, or Mecha's turpentine, or Chios, (or
Greek) turpentine, or maritimo spruce fir turpentine.
In the respective cases we combine the matters in equal proportions
but we do not confine ourselves thereto, and then having well mixed
the particular combination we subject it to a heating process for
purification.
IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF ELECTRIC FUZES FOR DIS- CHARGING DYNAMITE, LITHOFRACTEUR, AND OTHER BLASTING BODIES OR COMPOUNDS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Blanch Brain at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th September 1873.
I, WILLIAM BLANCH BRAIN, of St. Annal's, Cinderford, in the County
of Gloucester, Mining Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF ELECTRIC FUZES FOR DIS-
CHARGING DYNAMITE, LITHOFRACTEUR, AND OTHER BLASTING BODIES OR COMPOUNDS,"
to be as follows :-
This Invention relates to improved construction of electric fuzes,
detonators, or firers for discharging dynamite and lithofracteur cartridges
or blasting charges generally, and consists in enclosing within a paper
or other tube on the end of the conducting wires any known com-
position which becomes incandescent under the action of an electric
current, and thereby communicates the heat or spark to the charge.
The paper or other tube is preferably rolled upon the insulating material
of the conducting wires, but it may be previously moulded and then
slipped on and pinched or cemented to hold it in position. The charge
of compound is then put into the space formed by the projecting end,
and is covered by a metal cap which exactly fits it. Above or upon the

page_text: paper I place a plug of wood or other material, the exterior of which
fits the neck of the dynamite or lithofracteur cartridge, by which neck
the detonating compound is protected. The circuit wires for the current
of electricity are kept separate and free from touch by my method, and
all failures of firing are obviated; the charges are also more handy and
compact, thus rendering the use of the cartridges less dangerous to the
miner.
The plug of wood or other material has also two holes through it
through which the wires are passed and insulated in a perfect manner
from each other, both wires where they enter and leave the plug being
separately insulated by an exterior coating.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PIANOFORTE ACTIONS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Melville Clark at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 15th October 1873.-A communication from abroad by
Carl Heinrich Ludwig Plass, of Hamburg, Germany.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PIANOFORTE ACTIONS," to be as
follows:
-
This Invention relates to an improved repetition movement for piano-
fortes, and consists in a spring rod fitted to slide in the stump of the
hammer butt, and provided with a knob or head with which the hopper
after escaping from the notch in the butt comes in contact, whereby the
hammer is prevented from falling back, but is held near the string until
the key is released, so that the hopper is ready to spring back instantly
into the notch when the key begins to rise in order to repeat the blow
of the hammer. The said spring rod is fitted to slide freely in the

page_text: hammer butt, and is acted on by a fine spiral spring compressed between
the end of said rod and a block fixed on the stump of the hammer
butt.
IMPROVEMENTS IN UNDER SHIRTS, AND IN FLANNEL AND OTHER WAISTCOATS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Debenham at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
February 1873.
I, ARTHUR DEBENHAM, of Regent's Park Road, in the County of
Middlesex, Farmer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN UNDER SHIRTS, AND IN FLANNEL AND OTHER WAISTCOATS,”
to be as follows:―
The object of this Invention is to afford to persons suffering from
weak lungs efficient protection from the severity of the weather, while
at the same time the disadvantages at present experienced in the use of
chest protectors are obviated.
In carrying out my Invention I apply to the upper part of the inner
surface of an under shirt whether made of silk, cotton, or merino, a
partial lining of chamois or other soft washing leather, the same being
pierced with holes at say about one inch apart to permit of perspiration
passing through it. This partial lining extends across the chest from
one side to the other and has a depth of about seven to ten inches.
The under shirt is also similarly lined at the back to an extent that will

page_text: ensure the covering of the shoulder blades. The porous lining is secured
to the under shirt by sewing both at its edges and by lines of stitches
intermediate of the rows of holes made therein for ventilation. This
arrangement it will be understood offers no obstruction to the washing of
the garment, and thus while providing against the overheating of the
parts of the body requiring protection from the cold it presents no
difficulty in respect to cleanliness.
In some cases I propose to apply this ventilating lining to the breasts
and backs of flannel and other waistcoats giving it the same relative
position with respect to the chest and shoulder blades, as when the same
is applied to under shirts.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR STOPPERING BOTTLES AND OTHER VESSELS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Leopold Maignan and Jules
Franck at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 30th April 1873.
We, LEOPOLD MAIGNAN and JULES FRANCK, both of No. 7, Rue
Rochechouart, Paris, in the Republic of France, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR STOPPERING
BOTTLES AND OTHER VESSELS," to be as follows, that is to say:-
Our Invention consists in a new construction of stopper consisting of
a flat or slightly convex cover fitting by means of an india-rubber
washer made to adhere to the sides of a ferrule embracing the neck or
opening of the vessel to be stoppered and fixed thereto by cement.
To keep the cover on the ferrule and stopper the vessel I apply this
cover hingewise on the ferrule, the other side of the cover being held by
a screw mounted in a projection on the cover or by a bar adjusted pivot-
wise to the centre of the cover, and taking or not into a hole made in

page_text: an upright piece fixed on the ferrule. Or the cover may be made
without a hinge, and be fixed by a kind of star with several fixed
branches, and turning on the centre of the cover while its branches take
into notches made in uprights fixed round the ferrule.
AN IMPROVED MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR BURNING OR CONSUMING SMOKE AND ECONOMIZING OF FUEL
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Kirby Banks at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
October 1873.
I, KIRBY BANKS, Bolt and Screw Manufacturer, of Leeds, in the
County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR BURNING OR CONSUMING
SMOKE AND ECONOMIZING OF FUEL," to be as follows:-
My Invention is applicable to house or domestic fire-grates of ordinary
construction and is as hereafter described. I provide a metal box or
chamber which may be fitted on the top of ordinary fire-grates over the
fire, forming a cover for the same; the bottom of the box or chamber is
perforated or provided with a grating through which the waste heat and
smoke pass into the box or chamber. I attach to the box or chamber a
short chimney or flue which passes into the ordinary chimney. At the
top of the box or chamber is provided an opening through which the fuel
is fed to the fire below; this opening may be covered with a lid or used
when required for boiling or cooking purposes. This metal box or chamber
becoming intensely hot consumes or burns the smoke as it passes into it
from the fire, creating thereby an increased amount of heat; the com-

page_text: bustible parts of the smoke being consumed, the other gases pass off
through the flue and up the chimney. The box or chamber becoming
intensely hot by the heat from the fire below and the burning of the
combustible gases, the top thereof may be employed for cooking or
boiling purposes.
By the herein described arrangement not only is the smoke consumed
but also much less fuel is required for the heat produced.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR CON- NECTING TOGETHER FIRE HOSE, TUBES, AND OTHER HOLLOW ARTICLES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Nathan Thompson, of the City of Brooklyn, and
State of New York, in the United States of America, but at present
of 35, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, Marine
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR CON-
NECTING TOGETHER FIRE HOSE, TUBES, AND OTHER HOLLOW ARTICLES."
Scaled the 17th March 1874, and dated the 1st October 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Nathan Thompson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 1st October 1873.
I, NATHAN THOMPSON, of the City of Brooklyn, and State of New
York, in the United States of America, but at present of 35, South-
ampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, Marine Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MEANS FOR CONNECTING TOGETHER FIRE HOSE, TUBES, AND OTHER HOLLOW
ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
The Invention has for its obiect improvements in means for connecting

page_text: means of connection is obtained combined with a secure joint. For this
purpose I form the adjacent parts of the article to be connected
together with a socket and faucet, suitable packing being placed between
the ends of these parts, which I cause to be forced towards each other by
means of keys or wedges united together in the shape of a staple, each
limb of which is of a tapered form and passes into corresponding key-
ways or beds formed for it in the parts to be connected together.
These keyways or beds are formed in the following manner :-In each
side of the socket I form two holes in a line with each other in such way
as to form a bed for one limb of the staple or double key or wedge, and
on each side of the faucet I form a bed or recess corresponding with the
holes on each side of the socket. I also employ a steady pin to cause the
two parts to be readily brought into the required position for the staple
or keys or wedges to be inserted in the keyways or beds. Thus when
the parts are placed in proper juxtaposition, the one with the other, the
holes or beds in the socket and the keyways or beds in the faucet for each
limb of the staple will come in a line with each other, so that the staple
may be readily inserted therein, and when driven home will force the
parts together and thereby produce a sound joint. The bow of the staple
is protected by being recessed between two projecting rings formed on
the parts to be connected together. If however it be desired to apply
this Invention to articles which would require more than two keys or
wedges, and parts acting therewith to effect their connection, each of
such keys or wedges would be separate and distinct from the others.
Im- PROVEMENTS IN PURIFYING FUSTY AND OTHERWISE IMPURE CASKS, AND IN SEASONING NEW CASKS AND TIMBER TO BE MADE INTO CASES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ralph James Fremlin at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th February 1873.
I, RALPH JAMES FREMLIN, of Maidstone, in the County of Kent,
Brewer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN PURIFYING FUSTY AND OTHERWISE IMPURE CASKS, AND IN
SEASONING NEW CASKS AND TIMBER TO BE MADE INTO CASES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in purifying fusty and
otherwise impure casks, and in seasoning new casks and timber to be
made into casks. For this purpose bisulphite of lime mixed with water
is employed heated by steam, or it might be hot air being blown into
or through it, or being otherwise heated. For purifying or seasoning a
cask the cask is filled with water containing bisulphite of lime; a pipe
is then introduced into the cask through the ordinary bunghole or other
aperture, and steam is blown through the pipe into the liquid. By thus
treating casks they are at a small expence quickly and effectually
rendered fit for use. Timber to be made into casks may also be
seasoned in a like manner by an application of bisulphite of lime
diluted with water.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WRITING PENS AND HOLDERS FOR WRITING, MARKING, AND ENGRAVING INSTRU- MENTS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Barlow and
William Henry Barlow, junior, at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 12th November 1873.
We, WILLIAM HENRY BARLOW and WILLIAM HENRY BARLOW,
junior, both of 2, Old Palace Yard, in the City of Westminster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WRITING PENS AND HOLDERS FOR WRITING, MARKING, AND ENGRAVING INSTRU-
MENTS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to means of holding writing pens and other
writing, marking, or engraving instruments, in order to enable them
to be held by a finger or fingers instead of the holder having a stick or
stem connected to it, by which it is held by two fingers and the thumb,
as has heretofore been the custom. This we accomplish by forming
the holder in such manner that it may be secured to the tip end of a
finger in a similar manner to a thimble, the holder being also suitably
formed for a pen or other writing, marking, or engraving instrument
to be fitted to it; or in place of the holder being formed like a thimble
it may be formed like a spring clip to clasp the finger. Or the pen
itself may be made with spring clasps or bands to attach it to a finger

page_text: with or without the addition of elastic material. Or in place of the
clasp or thimble holders being made to embrace a single finger they
may be made to be held by two or three fingers or by the thumb.
By the ordinary mode of holding pens the muscles of the thumb,
the forefinger, and the second finger, are compelled to act simul- 5
taneously, whereas by attaching the pen to the forefinger its muscles
are enabled to act independently of the thumb and second finger, and
thereby a much higher degree of flexibility and facility of writing is
obtained. Pens thus held are particularly adapted for shorthand
writing and reporters, and in all cases where great rapidity, precision, 1
and distinctness are desirable.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Colin Campbell Wyllie at the
Office of the. Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd July 1873.
I, COLIN CAMPBELL WYLLIE, of Clement's Lane, in the City of
London, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER," to be as follows:-
-
This Invention consists in the application and use to and in the
manufacture of paper and paper stock of the peculiar grass found in the
"South Carolina marsh
Southern States of America, and known as
grass." This grass is to be boiled in caustic soda by, disintegrated or
pulped, and bleached by any of the processes hitherto adopted for
treating grasses or similar vegetable substances for the manufacture of
paper or paper stock.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN FURNACES AND GRATES FOR CONSUMING SMOKE AND ECONOMISING HEAT AND FUEL
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James William Thomas Cadett
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 29th December 1873.
I, JAMES WILLIAM THOMAS CADETT, of Rosherville, in the County of
Kent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FURNACES AND GRATES FOR CONSUMING SMOKE AND ECONOMISING HEAT
AND FUEL," to be as follows:-
Furnaces or grates of the ordinary construction are so made that the
draught to the fire is such that fresh air comes in from under the fuel
and passes through the heated fuel and out into the chimney or shaft,
thereby causing smoke and waste of fuel and heat when any fresh fucl
is put on.
Now this Invention consists in so constructing the furnace that
the draught passes from the top through the fire and thereby when
any fresh fuel is put on the smoke and other products must pass through
the fire and be wholly consumed, or nearly so, and thus smoke is
prevented and the heated products are economised.

page_text: I construct the apparatus as follows:-The fire-bars (by preference)
as tubes with water circulating through them, and the back of the fire-
grate (which may have hollow water space) made to rise up to the top
of the furnace, and by means of a smoke door or damper to shut off the
ascent of the smoke or products of combustion above the fire into the
smoke box or fire passages or passage. But such fire or furnace back
has communication opening at the bottom of the fire and below it with
said smoke box or fire passages or passage so that the products of com-
bustion which proceed from proceed from thence into the smoke box
(or more properly the fire-chamber), or heat passages or passage to the
chimney or flue.
In order to facilitate the lighting of the furnace fire the back of the
furnace or fire-grate has a smoke door or damper at the upper part
above the fire which can be then opened, and a similar door or damper
underneath the fire can be constructed in the said back which can be 1
closed at the time of lighting. The reverse operations of theso doors or
dampers being practised at the time of lighting to those adopted when
the fire is lit and in working order.
In order to create and keep up the draught to the fire, the draught
may either be conveyed through the fire-door, which in this case
remains open, or it may be produced by other means such as a small
funnel or chimney communicating with the top of the furnace.
A door is also constructed to the ash-pit which is open when the
fire is being lit and closed when tho furnace is in working order.
In some cases the lower dampers or doors instead of being imme- 2
diately beneath the fire-grato can be placed on a level with it, or
nearly so.
2
VED APPARATUS AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR LETTING OFF BIEDS FROM TRAPS, CALLY APPLICABLE FOR USE IN PIGEON SHOOTING
Year: 1873

page_text: :
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred James Beer at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th April
1873.
I, ALFRED JAMES BEER, of Canterbury, in the County of Kent,
ger, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for " IM-
VED APPARATUS AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR LETTING OFF BIEDS FROM TRAPS,
CALLY APPLICABLE FOR USE IN PIGEON SHOOTING," to be as follows:-
This apparatus consists of a disc perforated with twenty-five or any
suitable number of holes, in which are five or any other suitable
amber of plugs acting on triggers holding levers and cranks connected
the trap ors by means of wires. This disc is made to revolve by
sus of a ratchet and pall in connection with a lever handle in such a
y that one of the plugs must be brought over one lever. Should two
traps be required to be let off at the same time the addition
re or more plugs in the holes in the dise will be sufficient for
pose, so that by this Invention several birds may if desired be
neously let off from the traps.
•
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF RAILWAY CHAIRS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Dearnaley and William
Jordan Potter at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 29th October 1873.
We, JOHN DEARNALEY and WILLIAM JORDAN POTTER, both of
Dukinfield, in the County of Chester, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF RAILWAY CHAIRS,"
to be as follows:-
The Invention consists principally in making the chair in two pieces,
and by our improvements we contrive to dispense with the wooden
packing at present in use, also with fish plates, and to a great extent
with the labor spent in continually inspecting and tightening the former
and screwing up the latter. The jaws of the chair are made so as to
exactly fit the rail, and one of them is cast on to the sole, the other being
separate. This latter piece has a dovetailed groove on its underneath
side, which slides on a corresponding dovetail cast lengthwise on the
sole, and it is kept in its place by a wedge shaped metal cotter driven in

page_text: a key bed made at right angles to the slide, partly in the sole and partly
in the jaw, and secured by a safety pin.
+
When a rail is to be laid the movable jaw is pushed back, the rail
inserted, the jaw replaced, the cotter driven in, the safety pin adjusted,
and the rail is fixed in its place permanently as well as quickly.
A NEW OR IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF AND MATERIAL FOR BANDAGES, PADDING, BEDDING SHEETS, PADDING FOR SPLINTS, FOR SPLINTS THEMSELVES, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Arnold at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
July 1878.
I, JAMES ARNOLD, of the Firm of Arnold and Sons, of 35 and
36, West Smithfield, in the City of London, Surgical Instrument
Makers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A
NEW OR IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF AND MATERIAL FOR BANDAGES, PADDING,
BEDDING SHEETS, PADDING FOR SPLINTS, FOR SPLINTS THEMSELVES, AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
The Invention consists,―
Firstly. In the employment of india-rubber or of a composition
thereof for the manufacture of bandages, padding, padding for splints,.
and splints themselves, bedding sheets for invalids, and for any medical,
sanitary, or other purpose.
The second part of the Invention consists in the manufacture of
material for the aforesaid purposes, consisting of a flat surface or
surfaces of india-rubber with circular or other shaped ribs or tubes
thereon, the said tubes being placed at any convenient distance apart.
I prefer to have the flat surface of the rubber perforated, or instead of

page_text: -
the sheet with tubes thereon I employ a rubber having a corrugated or
other uneven surface, with preferably, perforations therein, or I adopt
such other equivalent shapes or means as aforesaid, whereby an uneven
surface is given to the rubber, my object being to produce a bandage,
splint, bed, or mattress, through which air is free to pass, and at the
same time for it to be flexible.
To make the splint or material stiff I pass wire, cane, or other suitable
material through it or through the tubes in same.
Material made according to my Invention is preferably made in strips,
pieces, or lengths, so that such a length or quantity as is required for
any particular purpose can be cut off.
Padding, splints, bandages, beds, mattresses, and, the like made
according to this Invention are flexible, light, and cleanly.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOOTS AND SHOES AND SOCKS TO BE USED THEREWITH
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Morris at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
March 1873.
I, ROBERT MORRIS, of Lambeth, in the County of Surrey, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOOTS AND
SHOES AND SOCKS TO BE USED THEREWITH," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in manufacturing boots and shoes with damp
proof and concave bottoms, to prevent damp or cold from entering by
the outer sole of the boot to the foot%; also an improved method of
making clumped or doubled soled boots, and loose clogs and socks
for boots and shoes. As regards boots and shoes the improvement
is as follows:-Between the inner floor or first sole attached to the
welt, and the outer floor or sole of the boot or shoe I insert a damp
proof course of milled sheet lead, or other soft metal or compound of
metals, thereby obtaining perfect protection to the foot from damp
rising through the outer sole, lead being a bad conductor of heat enables
the foot to retain the heat either when at rest or in action, and lead

page_text: being also perfectly pliable, and indestructible when used as a damp
proof is the most suitable of metals. The lead can be milled for this
purpose as light as six ounces to the superficial foot, it will therefore
cause no extra weight, at the same time giving the utmost amount of
protection from damp or cold. In manufacturing clumped or double
soled boots and shoes, I proceed as follows, instead of using a thick
piece of leather to cover the whole of the bottom of the outer sole I use
a strip of leather in any shape or form, running round and forming a
wall of leather which I fix to the upper side of the outer sole, saving
thereby about 70 per cent. of heavy leather, and making a much lighter
and more pliable boot for the foot, with the maximum amount of strength
and durability. The above method applies to the heels of boots also.
By the above method of clumping or double soleing boots and shoes
the centre being taken away keeps the foot from rocking or turning
when in action. In general the wear of a boot or shoe is through the
ball of the foot or great toe, which the improved hollow or concave
principle above described entirely prevents, and the foot resting on a
The
pliable arch will give the utmost amount of ease to the wearer.
concave principle may be made in any shape, moulded from or blocked
out of leather or other flexible substance adapted for the outer sole or
floor of boots and shoes.
The improved method above referred to of making socks for boots and
shoes is as follows:-I use a sheet lead course between a leather bottom,
and a curled horsehair and flannel top covering, which may be quilted
or otherwise fastened together.
An IMPROVED COMBINATION TOOL
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Robert Lancaster at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th November 1873.
I, JOHN ROBERT LANCASTER, of Old Broad Street, in the City of
London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "An
IMPROVED COMBINATION TOOL," to be as follows:-—
My Invention relates to an improved tool comprising a number of
different instruments, suitable for various purposes, combined in one in
a compact and handy form.
The tool resembles an ordinary pair of pliers, the jaws being formed
to serve as gas tongs, rectangular recesses provided at the back of both
jaws forming spanners of different dimensions. The jaws also carry
wire cutters, and additional jaws are provided to serve as gas tongs as
well as for drawing nails. Larger gas tongs and spanners are provided on
the handles, which are connected by a screw bolt and wing nut, thus
forming a sort of hand vice, a screw driver being also provided on one of
the handles.