IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES " FOR IMPARTING HEAT TO WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS APPLICABLE TO THE GENERATION OF STEAM IN STEAM BOILERS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Jameson of Akenside Hill, Newcastle on Tyne
Consulting Engineer for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES
"
FOR IMPARTING HEAT TO WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS APPLICABLE TO THE
GENERATION OF STEAM IN STEAM BOILERS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Jameson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th March 1883.
JOHN JAMESON of Akenside Hill, Newcastle-on-Tyne, Consulting Engineer.―
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES FOR IMPARTING HEAT TO WATER AND OTHER
FLUIDS APPLICABLE TO THE GENERATION OF STEAM IN STEAM BOILERS AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES.
My invention consists in the introduction of an easily fusible metal or metalic
alloy within a receptacle or receptacle forming the walls, roof, and base of a furnace
or any of them and capable of circulating when in a melted state so as to come in
contact with the water or other fluid to be heated or evaporated whereby a very
intense heat may be conveyed to the intermediate fluid metal or alloy and thence
without further interposing medium into actual contact with the water to be
evaporated or other fluid to be dealt with.
I prefer to employ for the purpose an alloy of lead, bismuth and mercury, or
other combinations easily fusible but setting into a hard and solid body when cold
and nearly of the character of presenting neither expansion or contraction when
passing from the solid to the fluid state. For the generation of steam in a steam
boiler I operate my invention as follows, I construct the walls and bars of the
furnace hollow and prefer to use a down draught; the whole of the furnace and all
parts of the apparatus exposed to the most intense heat are filled with my fusible
metal and I arrange a channel or series of channels by which by the action of
gravity the most highly heated metal shall pass into an upper chamber partly filled
with water, preferably a cylindrical chamber with a horizontal axis and thence by
automatic circulation due to the greater gravity of the cooler fluid, as is well
understood return to the lower part of the hollow furnace walls or bars.-The
Prine 71

page_text: highly heated metallic alloy will part with its excess heat to the water, any scale
arising from sediment will be non adherent to the melted alloy and can be
readily blown out and the metalic alloy being a good conductor of heat will so
rapidly absorb heat from the inside of the plates exposed to the fire that a much
more intense heat than usual may be safely applied and should leakage 'occur the
matter leaked will form into a solid mass and may be easily returned to the boiler.
Mutatis mutandis the arrangement is applicable to the evaporation of other
liquids to distillation or to other conveyance of high heat.-I employ the
moderately intense heat passing from the furnace in the ordinary way direct to the
water containing surface and for superheating if required or to a surface of pipes
containing or exposed to a further portion of metalic alloy so as to reduce the
temperature of the waste gasses to the usual extent.-The object of my invention
being to employ more efficiently the intense radiant heat of combustion by a more
direct application instead of as at present diluting it and applying it so much in
the form of a merely heated gas.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Jameson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
7th September 1883.
JOHN JAMESON of Akenside Hill Newcastle-on-Tyne. Consulting Engineer
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES FOR IMPARTING HEAT TO WATER AND OTHER
FLUIDS APPLICABLE TO THE GENERATION OF STEAM IN STEAM BOILERS AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES.
My Invention consists in the introduction of an easily fusible metal or metalic
alloy within a receptacle or receptacles forming the walls, roof and base of a
furnace or any of them and capable of circulating when in a melted state so as
to come in contact with the water or other fluid to be heated or evaporated whereby
a very intense heat may be conveyed to the intermediate fluid metal or alloy and
thence without further interposing medium into actual contact with the water to
be evaporated or other fluid to be dealt with.-I prefer to employ for the purpose
an alloy of lead bismuth and mercury, or other combinations easily fusible but
setting into a hard and solid body when cold and nearly of the character of
presenting neither expansion or contraction when passing from the solid to the
fluid state. For the generation of steam in a steam boiler I operate my Invention
as follows:-I construct the walls and bars of the furnace hollow and prefer to use
a down draught, the whole of the furnace and all parts of the apparatus exposed
to the most intense heat are filled with my fusible metal and I arrange a channel
or series of channels by which by the action of gravity the most highly heated
metal shall pass into an upper chamber partly filled with water, preferably a
cylindrical chamber with a horizontal axis and thence by automatic circulation
due to the greater gravity of the cooler fluid, as is well understood return to the
lower part of the hollow furnace walls or bars.-The highly heated metalic alloy
will part with its excess heat to the water, any scale arising from sediment will
be non-adherent to the melted alloy and can be readily blown out and the metalic
alloy being a good conductor of heat will so rapidly absorb heat from the inside of
the plates exposed to the fire that a much more intense heat than usual may be
safely applied and should leakage occur the matter leaked will form into a Bolid
mass and may be easily returned to the boiler.
Mutatis mutandis the arrangement is applicable to the evaporation of other
liquids to distillation or to other conveyance of high heat. I employ the
moderately intense heat passing from the furnace in the ordinary way direct to the
water containing surface and for superheating if required or to a surface of pipes
containing or exposed to a further portion of metalic alloy so as to reduce the
temperature of the waste gases to the usual extent.-The object of my Invention
being to employ more efficiently the intense radiant heat of combustion by a more
direct application instead of as at present diluting it and applying it so much in
the form of a merely heated gas.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention I will proceed more
particularly to describe the manner of operating the same.-I construct by welding
or otherwise a furnace preferably with hollow bars projecting into the same but
not actually traversing the furnace and outside the body of the furnace I construct
a shell preferably welded to a flange of the furnace at top and bottom and to this
furnace I attach 2 pipes one at the top and one at the bottom which pipes
terminate within a chamber situated at a higher level than the top of the furnace
and I fill with the metalic alloy the whole of the hollow space contained between
the body of the furnace and the shell before described and the hollow bars, and the

page_text: pipes, and a small part of the chamber to which the pipes lead, filling a further
part of this chamber with water or other fluid to be evaporated and leaving a
part of it for steam space.-In these circumstances if the fire be lighted the alloy
becomes melted, and then, owing to the heat in the furnace shell being greater
than the heat in a corresponding height of pipe leading to the bottom of the shell,
there is produced expansion of the more highly heated metal, a corresponding
diminution of its specific gravity and a tendency to circulate. When the whole
of the alloy is melted and this tendency to circulate be adequate there will be a
continual passage of highly heated alloy from the furnace shell into the steam
generating chamber and evaporation corresponding to the heat thus conveyed.—
The effect being that owing to the entire absence of scale on the furnace plates and
the entire absence of currents of steam, a close contact of the heat receiving
medium with the furnace plate is ensured and a very intense heat may therefore be
applied without risk of injury to the plate and therefore the heating surface may
be correspondingly diminished.-The heat of the escaping gases passing through
the furnace may be employed for imparting heat to the shell of the steam
generating chamber or through a set of tubes in the same or for superheating or
both The object of my Invention however is especially to provide means whereby
I can apply a very intense heat without risk of injury to the plate to which it is
applied and without the formation of scale.--It is applicable for the generation of
steam for tuyers for Iron or other furuaces, or for the evaporation of fluids.-It may
also be operated by means of an endless coil filled with the metalic alloy one part
being in a furnace and one part at a higher level immersed in water or other fluids
to be evaporated-The furnace or coil may be of any convenient form.-I prefer
to make the alloy easily fusible and of such character as not to expand or contract
inuch in passing from the fluid to the solid state-but I prefer that it should be
solid when cold (instead of like mercury fluid) so as that if there, should be loss
from leakage the lost metal may be more easily recovered.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and the manner in which the
same is or may be performed I claim as my Invention secured to me by the
herein before recited letters patent.-.
The application of circulation of metalic alloy in manner substantially as
described and for the purpose specified.
In Witness whereof I the said John Jameson have hereunto set my hand and
seal this fourth day of September in the year of our Lord one thousand eight
hundred and eighty three.
Witness
JOHN BOWMER
Clerk
Forest Hall
JAMESON
(L.S.)