Improvements in Removing or Preventing Scales or Incrustations in Steam Boilers.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Oct., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 15th July, 1893—Accepted, 19th Aug., 1893
Date of Application, TrE VOL., 199
Complete Specification Left, 15th July, 1893-Accepted, 19th Aug., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Removing or Preventing Scales or Incrustations
in Steam Boilers.
I, GEORGE PATON GARDNER, of Hydepark Chemical Works, Glasgow,
Chemical Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
The object of this invention is to prevent the formation of scales and incrustations
in steam boilers, and to remove scales already formed in boilers and boiler tubes,
and it consists, essentially, in placing mercury in combination with sugar, molasses
or other saccharine matter, with or without the addition of caustic soda or other
alkaline substance, in the boiler. The combination, when subjected to heat and
steam pressure, forms a smooth glassy coating over the interior surface of the boiler
and tubes.
If desired, in order to aid the formation of the glassy coating, bi-chloride of
mercury or sub-oxide of mercury can also be added to the combination.
My improved composition is found to be very beneficial in its action, as it
entirely prevents the formation of hard scale or incrustation in the boiler. In cases
where a deposit has already taken place in the boiler, the action of the sugar and
caustic soda tends to remove the scale and leave the surface of the boiler open to
the action of the mercury.
The ingredients may be mixed in suitable proportions and then placed in a bottle,
jar or other vessel which is hermetically sealed. The contents of the bottles or
vessels can be used at any time when desired.
Dated this 14th day of October 1809
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Removing or Preventing Scales or Incrustations
in Steam Boilers.
GEORGE PATON GARDNER of Hydepark Chemical Works, Glasgow,
Chemical Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to prevent the formation of scales and incrustations,
and to stop pitting in steam boilers, and to remove scales, already formed in boilers
and boiler tubes; and it consists, essentially, in placing mercury in combination
with a saccharine substance, preferably sugar, molasses, or syrup, and an alkali,
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page_text: preferably potash or tannate or stannite of soda, in the boiler. The composition,
when subjected to heat and steam pressure within the boiler, acts so as to form a
smooth glassy coating or enamel, over the interior surface of the boiler and tubes.
My improved composition is found to be very beneficial in its action, as it
entirely prevents the formation of hard scale or incrustation in the boiler. In cases
where a deposit has already taken place in the boiler, the action of the sugar and
alkali tends to remove the scale, and leave the surface of the boiler open to the
action of the mercury.
The quantities of each ingredient I prefer to use are:-About 80 per cent. of
mercury, 10 per cent. of alkali, and 10 per cent. of the sugar or other saccharine
substance. The proportions may be varied to suit the character of the water and
the construction of boiler.
The ingredients may be mixed in suitable proportions and then placed in a bottle,
jar, drum, or other vessel, which is or may be hermetically sealed. The contents of
the bottles or vessels can be used at any time when desired.
The mixture is simply placed into the water of the boiler, and, by its action, it,
as before stated, prevents the formation of scale or incrustations and also enamels or
coats the interior shell.
The advantages of using a saccharine substance in the composition is, that it
reduces the quantity of mercury and also the quantity of the alkali required to be
used. When a large quantity of alkali (soda) is used, as is necessary with the
ordinary mixtures, clogging results in the boiler fittings and connections; and when
there is a heavy deposit of lime, it is necessary to have a saccharine substance to
assist in the removal of the scale. The mercury serves to stop corrosion and to
enamel the boiler shell.
Mercury alone will not, in certain waters, remove the scale without the assistance
of sugar or a like saccharine substance.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I am
aware that it has been proposed to use metallic mercury either alone or jointly with
other substances for the purpose of preventing incrustation in steam generators,
and my present invention does not consist in the use of metallic mercury except
in combination with sugar, or other saccharine substance, in the manner already
described, and what I claim is :-
A composition for removing or preventing scale or incrustations in steam boilers,
consisting of mercury, a saccharine substance such as sugar, molasses, or syrup, and
an alkali, substantially as and for the advantages hereinbefore set forth.
Dated this 14th day of July 1893.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.