Year: 1884

page_text: I CHARLES ALBERT KNIGHT of the Babcock and Wilcox Company Glasgow
in the County of Lanark Engineer seek leave to amend the specification of Letters
Patent, No. 12189 of 1884, as shown in red ink in the copy of the original
specification hereunto annexed :—
On page 3 line 18 after the word "end" to insert the following words "or to
the lower side" and to strike out the word "horizontal" in the third paragraph
of the Specification.
My reasons for making this amendment are as follows:-
That the words now sought to be added were inadvertently omitted in the
original Specification.
In the matter of the application made by Charles Albert Knight for leave to amend
the Specification of Letters Patent No. 12,189, of 1884.
I hereby grant leave to the said Charles Albert Knight to amend the said
Specification in the manner proposed.

page_text: I, CHARLES ALBERT KNIGHT, of the Babcock and Wilcox Company, Glasgow,
in the County of Lanark, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS," and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This Invention consists of improvements in the construction of steam boilers of
the water tube kind in which a series of tubes may be employed connected with
each other at the ends by means of headers, and these in turn to an upper vessel
or drum.
The accompanying Drawings illustrate several modifications of my improvements
as applied to the Babcock and Wilcox type of water-tube boilers. Figure 1 is a
sectional elevation of such a boiler in which the drum instead of being connected
directly to the leaders as usual, is connected at both ends through a novel arrange-
ment of water box. Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of parts of the same boiler.
Figure 3 is a transverse vertical section, Figure 4 is a longitudinal vertical section,
and Figure 5 is a plan, showing to a larger scale the mode of arranging this
water-box to connect the drum and the headers. Figure 6 is a sectional clevation
of part of a boiler showing an improved construction of header connected to the
drun by the water box. Figures 7 and 8 are respectively an end elevation and a
plan, illustrating these improved headers. Figures 9 and 10 are side and end
elevations (the former partly in section) of an improved form of header shown
connected direct to the drum at the front of the boiler. Figures 11 and 12 are
elevations at right angles to each other, and Figure 13 is a plan of a similar form
of section adapted to serve as the rear header of the same boiler, to which it is
connected through a water-box.
In constructing an improved water-tube boiler according to the modification of
my Invention illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, I interpose between the
drum A and the end pieces or headers B to which the water tubes C are
connected, a water-box D of iron or steel which connect to the end or to the
lower side of the drum by a number of short horizontal tubes d, which are
expanded into orifices in the end of the drum and in the water-box. I prefer to
use this mode of connecting the box to the drum instead of the usual rivetted
flanges, although the latter may be employed as well. A water box D extends
across the end of the drum A at each end and over the-top of the end sections or
headers B to the full breadth of the transverse row of tubes C, and it is connected
to the individual sections or headers by separate vertical or inclined tubes b, which
arc expanded into orifices in the upper ends of the headers and into corresponding
orifices in the lower side of the water box. In the top or side opposite the vertical
and horizontal connecting tubes b d, openings d'' may be formed in the water

page_text: box D, through which suitable expanding mandrels or tools may be passed to secure
the tubes b d in place, and such openings are afterwards closed with plugs or caps.
Instead of making the ends of the steam and water drum A of cast-metal in the
usual way, I prefer to form them of single plates A¹ of steel or wrought-iron,
which are dished out and rivetted to the cylindrical shell A of the drum; and on
the outside of the dished ends A' I rivet suitable supporting hooks a by which the
drum may be suspended to the carrying girder which is usually provided.
.
Figures 6, 7 and 8 illustrate the construction of headers which I propose to
employ, such headers being formed of wrought-iron. In this case a header or end
piece B is provided for each water tubo C at front and rear, and is formed by
drawing or welding a square tube of wrought-iron or steel, and closing the ends,
and drilling or otherwise cutting out orifices for the water tubes and other
connections. The water tubes in the example shown are disposed in rows vertically
over each other. A number of such sections B are fitted at front and rear, and are
connected to the steam and water drum by a water-box D of the form herein before
described. Each header or end piece may be made of such breadth as to embrace
two vertical or staggered rows of tubes, in which case it may be strengthened by
stays or stay tubes expanded at convenient points between the water tubes. The
orifices formed in the headers opposite to the water tubes C for the purpose of
inserting the mandrels for expanding such tubes, may be covered in the usual
manner with the ordinary cap c or by caps with conical or tapered edges as at c
fitting corresponding surfaces formed in the orifices, or preferably by means of
short tubes c of special thickness expanded in the orifices and faced on the outer
edge to form a bearing for the ordinary form of cap e³.
In the case of boilers of small size in which only a small number of transverse
rows of tubes are employed, I connect the tubes C to a single header or end
piece B at each end, such header or end piece being of one of the forms shown in
Figures 9 to 12, and being in breadth equal to the combined breadth of the
multiple sections of the ordinary arrangement, or such as to admit of the direct
connection to them of the entire transverse row of water tubes C of the boiler. I,
in this case, directly connect the front header or end section B by short tubes b to
the front dished end A¹ of the steam and water drum A, the connecting tubes being
fitted near the top and at any convenient position within the breadth of the
header. The rear header or end piece B is connected to the corresponding end of
the drum by means of a water-box (D) as in the modification described in reference
to Figures 1 to 5. This improved form of header I make of cast steel or malleable
cast-iron, with ribs or partitions B serving to strengthen it and to divide it
internally into vertical sections corresponding to the number of connecting tubes b
communicating with the steam and water drum A or with the water-box. Such
partitions are formed with openings to provide communication between the
sections into which the header is divided.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is,
First. The arrangement of the water-box D for connecting the headers or end
pieces of a series of water tube sections to a steam and water drum substantially as
herein described and illustrated.
Second. The combination in a steam boiler of the drum (A) the water box (D)
and headers (B) substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Third. In water tube boilers of the class herein described, the construction of
headers or end pieces B of wrought-iron or steel in the manner herein described
and as illustrated in Figures 6, 7 and 8 of the accompanying Drawings.
Fourth. The novel construction of cast-metal headers or end pieces embracing
two or more series of tubes for water-tube boilers substantially as herein described
and illustrated in Figures 9 to 13 of the accompanying Drawings.

page_text: Fifth. That improvement in the construction of steam boilers which consists in
connecting the front header or headers directly to the steam and water drum
substantially as herein described and illustrated in Figures 9 and 10 of the
accompanying Drawings.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I, CHARLES ALBERT KNIGHT, of the Babcock and Wilcox Company, Glasgow,
in the County of Lanark, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS," and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This Invention consists of improvements in the construction of steam boilers of
the water tube kind in which a series of tubes may be employed connected with
cach other at the ends by means of headers, and theso in turn to an upper vessel
or drum.
The accompanying Drawings illustrate several modifications of my improvements
as applied to the Babcock and Wilcox type of water-tube boilers. Figure 1 is a
sectional elevation of such a boiler in which the drum instead of being connected
directly to the headers as usual, is connected at both ends through a novel arrange-
ment of water box. Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of parts of the same boiler.
Figure 3 is a transverse vertical section, Figure 4 is a longitudinal vertical section,
and Figure 5 is a plan, showing to a larger scale the mode of arranging this
water-box to connect the drum and the headers. Figure 6 is a sectional elevation
of part of a boiler showing an improved construction of header connected to the
drum by the water box. Figures 7 and 8 are respectively an end elevation and a
plan, illustrating these improved headers. Figures 9 and 10 are side and end
elevations (the former partly in section) of an improved form of header shown
connected direct to the drum at the front of the boiler. Figures 11 and 12 are
elevations at right angles to each other, and Figure 13 is a plan of a similar form
of section adapted to serve as the rear header of the same boiler, to which it is
connected through a water-box.
In constructing an improved water-tube boiler according to the modification of
my Invention illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, I interpose between the
drum A and the end pieces or headers B to which the water tubes C are
connected, a water-box D of iron or steel which I connect to the end of the drum
by a number of short horizontal tubes d, which are expanded into orifices in the
end of the drum and in the water-box. I prefer to use this mode of connecting the
box to the drum instead of the usual rivetted flanges, although the latter may be
employed as well. A water box D extends across the end of the drum A at each
end and over the top of the end sections or headers B to the full breadth of the

page_text: transverse row of tubes C, and it is connected to the individual sections or headers
by separate vertical or inclined tubes b, which are expanded into orifices in the
upper ends of the headers and into corresponding orifices in the lower side of the
water box. In the top or side opposite the vertical and horizontal connecting
tubes bd, openings did may be formed in the water box D, through which
suitable expanding mandrels or tools may be passed to secure the tubes bd in place,
and such openings are afterwards closed with plugs or caps.
Instead of making the ends of the steam and water drum A of cast-metal in the
usual way, I prefer to form them of single plates A¹ of steel or wrought-iron,
which are dished out and rivetted to the cylindrical shell A of the drum; and on
the outside of the dished ends A¹, I rivet suitable supporting hooks a by which the
drum may be suspended to the carrying girder which is usually provided.
Figures 6, 7 and 8 illustrate the construction of headers which I propose to
employ, such headers being formed of wrought-iron. In this case a header or end
piece B is provided for each water tube C at front and rear, and is formed by
drawing or welding a square tube of wrought-iron or steel, and closing the ends,
and drilling or otherwise cutting out orifices for the water tubes and other
connections. The water tubes in the example shown are disposed in rows vertically
over each other. A number of such sections B are fitted at front and rear, and are
connected to the steam and water drum by a water-box D of the form herein before
described. Each header or end pieco may be made of such breadth as to embrace
two vertical or staggered rows of tubes, in which case it may be strengthened by
stays or stay tubes expanded at convenient points between the water tubes. The
orifices formed in the headers opposite to the water tubes O for the purpose of
inserting the mandrels for expanding such tubes, may be covered in the usual
manner with the ordinary cap c or by caps with conical or tapered edges as at c¹
fitting corresponding surfaces formed in the orifices, or preferably by means of
short tubes c of special thickness expanded in the orifices and faced on the outer
edge to form a bearing for the ordinary form of cap c³.
I,
In the case of boilers of small size in which only a small number of transverse
rows of tubes are employed, I connect the tubes C to a single header or end
piece B at each end, such header or end piece being of one of the forms shown in
Figures 9 to 12, and being in breadth equal to the combined breadth of the
multiple sections of the ordinary arrangement, or such as to admit of the direct
connection to them of the entire transverse row of water tubes C of the boiler.
in this case, directly connect the front header or end section B by short tubes b to
the front dished end A' of the steam and water drum A, the connecting tubes being
fitted near the top and at any convenient position within the breadth of the
header. The rear header or end piece B is connected to the corresponding end of
the drum by means of a water-box (D) as in the modification described in reference
to Figures 1 to 5. This improved form of header I make of cast steel or malleable
cast-iron, with ribs or partitions B' serving to strengthen it and to divide it
internally into vertical sections corresponding to the number of connecting tubes b
communicating with the steam and water drum A or with the water-box. Such
partitions are formed with openings to provide communication between the
sections into which the header is divided.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is,-
--
First. The arrangement of the water-box D for connecting the headers or end
pieces of a series of water tube sections to a steam and water drum substantially as
herein described and illustrated.
Second. The combination in a steam boiler of the drum (A) the water box (D)
and headers (B) substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Third. In water tube boilers of the class herein described, the construction of
headers or end pieces B of wrought-iron or steel in the manner herein described,
and as illustrated in Figures 6, 7 and 8 of the accompanying Drawings.

page_text: Fourth. The novel construction of cast-metal headers or end pieces embracing
two or more series of tubes for water-tube boilers substantially as herein described
and illustrated in Figures 9 to 13 of the accompanying Drawings.
Fifth. That improvement in the construction of steam boilers which consists in
connecting the front header or headers directly to the steam and water drum
substantially as herein described and illustrated in Figures 9 and 10 of the
accompanying Drawings.
Dated this Ninth
1004