Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Feb., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 26th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 4th Mar., 1889
I, WILLIAM JOHN CROSSLEY of Openshaw Manchester in the County of Lancashire,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the construction and arrangement of a gas or oil motor
engine in such a manner that it operates as a compound engine, that is to say, the
gaseous products of combustion, after propelling a piston, are utilized for performing
further work by acting expansively on a larger area of piston, before being finally
discharged as exhaust. For this purpose, I arrange side by side two cylinders
having their pistons both connected to one crank, so that they move to and fro
together. Each of those cylinders is provided with charging and discharging valves,
worked as in gas or oil motor engines of the "Otto" kind, but the action of the valves
for the one cylinder is so timed to the action of the valves for the other cylinder
that, when the one piston is drawing in charge the other piston is being propelled,
and when the one piston is compressing charge, the other is expelling products of
combustion all these operations being performed in the usual way at the rear ends of
the cylinders. The cylinders are closed at their front ends, where their piston rods
pass through stuffing boxes, and there is a communication from the discharge valves
of both cylinders to the front ends of both and thence to an exhaust valve common
to both. As both pistons make their back stroke together, one of them expelling
products of combustion, these products instead of escaping as exhaust, pass to the
front ends of both cylinders and press on both pistons expanding to nearly double
their volume, and thereafter, during the forward stroke of the pistons they are
expelled as exhaust.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: I, WILLIAM JOHN CROSSLEY, of Openshaw, Manchester, in the County of Lanca-
shire, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
My invention relates to the construction and arrangement of a gas or oil motor
engine in such a manner that it operates as a compound engine, that is to say, the
gaseous products of combustion after propelling a piston, are utilized for performing
further work by acting expansively on a larger area of piston, before being finally
discharged as exhaust.
For this purpose, I arrange side by side two cylinders, having their pistons both
connected to one crank so that they move to and fro together. Each of those
cylinders is provided with governing, charging, and discharging valves, worked as in
gas or oil motor engines of the Otto kind, but the action of the valves for the one
cylinder is so timed in regard to the action of the valves for the other cylinder that,
when the one piston is drawing in charge, the other piston is being propelled, and
when the one piston is compressing charge the other is expelling products of combus-
tion all these operations being performed in the usual way at the rear ends of the
cylinders. The cylinders are closed at their front ends where their piston rods pass
through stuffing boxes, and there is a communication from the discharge valves of
both cylinders to the front ends of both and thence to an exhaust valve common to
both. As both pistons make their back stroke together, one of them expelling products
of combustion, these products, instead of escaping as exhaust, pass to the front ends
of both cylinders and press on both pistons expanding to nearly double their
volume, and thereafter, during the forward stroke of the pistons they are expelled as
exhaust.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings is a longitudinal section of an engine
according to my invention, this section being taken nearly on the middle line between
the two cylinders, Fig. 2 is a sectional plan, Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the
line x 2.
The two cylinders A and B placed parallel to one another have their
pistons and D made with rods which project through stuffing boxes at the front
ends of the cylinders and are connected to a single crank S on the flywheel shaft.
Each cylinder is provided with the usual charging and igniting valve gear worked
from countershafts Trevolving at half the speed of the flywheel shaft.
These countershafts also work as usual the exhaust valves E and F, but these,
instead of opening into a discharge pipe leading to the outer air, open into a central
pipe G which leads to ports I and J at the front ends of the two cylinders and
to a discharge valve H which may be worked from either of the countershafts T
so as to be opened twice in every revolution of T. The bevil or skew gears K
by which the shafts TT are worked are set so as to move the valves that while
the one piston is making its outstroke receiving behind it a combustible charge,

page_text: the other piston is being propelled by the firing of a charge, and while the one
piston is making its return stroke compressing the charge behind it, the other piston
is expelling exhaust. The exhaust valves E and F being alternately opened the
exhaust gases expelled either from A or from B pass along the passage G to both
the ports I and J and enter both cylinders expanding therein and propelling both
pistons backwards. At every forward stroke of the pistons the valve H is opened
allowing escape of the products of combustion which had expanded in both cylinders.
In this manner the expansion of the products of combustion from each single cylinder
into the two cylinders, which present nearly double the capacity of the single
cylinder, is utilised as in a compound engine to aid the pistons in their back
stroke.
When the governor of the engine cuts off the supply of combustible to the
rear end of either cylinder so that there are no products of combustion to
expand in the front ends, the discharge valve opens admitting air to the front
ends.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is :-
1. A compound gas or oil motor engine wherein two cylinders and their pistons
and valves are so arranged that cach in turn discharges gaseous products of
combustion from behind its piston into the spaces in front of both pistons, in
which spaces the products expand and from which they are discharged by the
opening of an exhaust valve common to both, substantially as described.
2. The construction of a gas or oil motor engine arranged to operate in the
manner above referred to, substantially as described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
Tind this 36th dow of November 1888
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.