Improvements in Shuttleless Looms.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Aug., 1899-Accepted, 30th Sept., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Shuttleless Looms.
I, GEORGE FRANCIS KUETT, of No. 509, E. 38th Street, in the City of Paterson,
County of Passaic and State of New Jersey, U.S.A., Ribbon Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to needle looms and its object is to provide a needle
loom wherein the most efficient co-action of the needles will be effected and
wherein the construction and arrangement of the parts controlling said needles
will be most suitable, in point of simplicity, durability and efficiency of operation,
for the performance of their several functions.
The invention consists in the improved needle loom, and in the combination
and arrangement of its various parts, substantially as will be hereinafter pointed
out and finally embodied in the clauses of the claim.
The invention is fully illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein,
Fig. 1 is an end view of the lower portion of my improved loom;
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a part of my loom, showing in rear
elevation the batten, the needles and portions of their operating mechanism;
Fig. 3 is an enlarged top plan view of a portion of what is shown in Fig. 2;
Figs. 4, and 6 are enlarged detail views of certain parts of the loom, Fig. 4
being an enlarged sectional view of the batten, showing adjacent parts, and
Figs. 5 and 6 being respectively a top plan view and a side view, partially in
section, of a pair of one of the sets of needles and accessory parts;
Fig. 7 illustrates a portion of the batten actuating mechanism;
Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of a certain weft thread tension device; and,
Figs. 9 and 10 are enlarged top plan and side views showing a certain modifica-
tion of a portion of my invention.
Mounted on the frame a of the loom are a breast-beam b and another beam c,
which latter supports a series of parting-bars d for the warp e, said warp being
maintained under tension by adjustable weights f and controlled by suitably
operated harness g.
h designates suitably fulcrumed lay-swords which carry the batten i.
j designates the main-drive shaft carrying a fly-wheel k. The batten carries
an inverted T-shaped bracket 1, having a slot m adjustably receiving a bolt n,
said bolt constituting a pivot for one end of a pitman o, whose other end a link p
connects with the fly-wheel k. The pitman o is guided substantially horizontally
by a lever q, pivotally connected to said pitman near the link and fulcrumed
in the frame.
I
propose
to effect a pause in the batten in its retracted position, for a purpose
hereinafter explained, and if the link be of such length that its point of pivotal
connection with the pitman o will be brought into proximity to the shaft j
during each rotation of the latter, this will be most effectually accomplished
for all practical purposes, as will be obvious, for then the oscillating end of the
link and the point on the wheel k where it has pivotal connection will travel

page_text: in arcs of circles that extend for a more or less distance in practical coincidence,
as indicated, for instance, by the portions of the circle shown in dotted lines
in Fig. 7.
The foregoing mechanism connecting the batten and the fly-wheel should pre-
ferably be duplicated, one such mechanism being provided at each end of the
batten.
The batten has a groove t and therein are arranged longitudinally movable
bars v.
A metallic strip, or series of strips, w, having openings a, surmount
each strip and a plate y having longitudinal slots z covers each opening, each slot
receiving a screw a secured in the strip; each plate is thus longitudinally
adjustable. a designates a post which is screwed into the plate, being adjust-
ably secured by a binding-nut a³. In the head at of each post are transverse
intersecting openings 61 each adapted to receive an L-shaped needle 62 which
a set-screw 63 adjustably maintains in position and whose portion 64 is disposed
parallel to the batten and is provided with, two openings or eyes c¹.
These needles are disposed in pairs whose members are movable oppositely
as best shown in Figs. 2 and 6, being disposed out of alignment with each other,
preferably by forming one post a² higher than the other.
Each reed is mounted back of the needles 62 in the lathe-plates having
co-acting vertical clamps c3 adjustably secured thereto by screws c¹ set in slots
in each lathe-plate; the reed rests upon pins d' on the lathe-plates. The lathe-
plates are secured to the batten by screws d² and they are spaced therefrom by
blocks which the screws hold in place.
The bars uv and the needles they carry, are reciprocated by bell-crank
levers fulcrumed in bearing plates el secured to the batten-and connected
to said bars by rods e² these rods are pivotally connected to the bars by blocks e³
mounted on the latter. The batten is extended at one end so as to sustain the
levers d; moreover a roller bearing projection et extends upwardly from and over
the batten and each bar in order to maintain the latter in position in the groove.
A vertically movable frame, consisting of a pair of horizontal rails e, fl
connected at their ends by metallic plates 2 and, intermediately of said plates,
by braces f³, is disposed back of the batten. Vertical guides f4 having grooves gl
wherein the plates are movable, are secured to the batten to insure a true
movement of the frame. Principally in order to strengthen the rails which
may be of wood, reinforcing metallic strips g2 are provided.
The other set of needles employed are designated by the numeral g³. They are
movable vertically, i.e., transversely to, the direction of movement of the other
needles, and are perfectly straight their upper ends being sharpened. Each
needle is adjustably maintained in a block 94 by a set-screw g, the block being
pivoted in a lug h projecting from a clamp h² which receives the upper rail of
the vertically movable frame and is secured thereto by a set-screw 3. From
the clamp projects an arm 4 having a guiding slot in which the needle may
oscillate about the pivot of the block. The needles are movable vertically between
the batten and the reed and in front of the needles 62 and gravity tends to
maintain each as shown in Fig. 4.
j
On the shaft and adjacent to the extended portion of the batten is mounted
a gear that transmits power, through a suitably journalled pinion ¹, to a
gear 2, mounted on a shaft 3. This shaft is journalled in the loom frame and
in a standard outside of said frame and between said standard and the side
frame is a pair of cams j¹ having pear-shaped cam-slots wherein work rollers ³
carried by arms j extending from levers j³ which are fulcrumed upon a vertically
adjustable bolt k¹, arranged in the rear of the frame. The free ends of the
levers are connected to the free arms of the levers by adjustable pitmen k².
23 is a vertical upright having slots in which the levers jo are guided.
is a suitably journalled shaft whereupon is keyed a series of eccentrics k6,
each embraced by an eccentric-strap m³, an open projection m² of which receives
the lower threaded end of a pitman m³, adjustably secured thereto by nuts m³,

page_text: while its upper end is trunnioned in lugs m³ on the rail f¹. Said shaft carries
an eccentrically mounted gear n¹ engaging an eliptical gear n² which carries a
pinion that is rotated, through an intermediate pinion, by a gear
(shown
in dotted lines Fig. 1), on the shaft j. The gear 2, the pinion it carries, and
the intermediate pinion may be supported in any suitable manner.
The weft or filler n extends from the supply bobbin o¹ to the eyes of the
needles 62 through a tension device o². A suitably supported plate o, upon which
rests a block o, carries each bobbin and tension device and upon this plate
stands an arch-shaped frame 05 carrying levers 21, 23, preferably of bent wire,
that are fulcrumed midway between their ends upon opposite sides of the arch,
their lower ends being drawn toward each other by crossed springs 2³. The
lower portion 2 of the lever 22 is curved inwardly toward the bobbin, and the
lower portion 2 of the lever p', which is somewhat longer than that of the
lever 2, is bent back upon itself, and curved inwardly, as at 75, so as to
approach more nearly to the bobbin than the curved portion of the lever p².
Journalled upon the bobbin spindle q¹ is a flyer consisting of a block 2 having
delicate diametrical upwardly and downwardly extending wire arms 93 provided
with eyelets q which the thread penetrates extending thereto from the bobbin
and from thence to an eyelet above the spindle, and through eyelets r¹, of
the levers.
This device not only maintains the proper tension but also acts to immediately
stop the thread feed upon relaxation of the pull on the thread. If there is a
sudden jerk the lever p¹ will move before and somewhat more than the other
lever, and it is therefore to prevent the downwardly extending arm of the flyer
from moving past the inwardly projecting portion of the lever p¹ without
engaging it at this moment, that said curved portion extends further inwardly
than in the case of the other lever.
In lieu of the foregoing tension device any other suitable mechanism adapted
to the purposes may of course be used.
The woven goods extends over a bar 3, to the take up roll 4, said take-up
roll being rotated by gears 5, st, 2, and 3 which last-named gear carries a ratchet-
wheels engaged by a pawl 5 that is carried by a lever t¹, said lever being con-
nected to the batten for movement by a cord t2.
In operation, assuming that the shaft rotates in the direction of the arrow R
in the drawings and that the starting position of the several parts is that shown
in Fig. 1, said shaft will first retract the batten until the point of pivotal con-
nection of the link p with the wheel enters the arc rs, whereupon the batten
will come to a practical standstill. Meanwhile, the shaft is rotated, the
arrangement of the gearing being such that said shaft revolves in the same
direction, and one-half as fast, as the shaft j. Thereupon, while the batten is
at a standstill the shed being now open, one of the levers j³ will be depressed
by its cam ; through the pitman this action moves the corresponding bell-
crank lever d', which in turn, through the rod and the block 3, moves the
bar and sends through the several sheds the needles that are mounted on
said bar.
At the same time, the shaft j, effects a rotation of the shaft carrying the
gear and the eccentrics, which rotation will manifestly be that of the
arrow T. The rotation of the eccentrics effects a lifting of the vertically movable
frame carrying the needles g³. It should be remarked that said needles are
disposed adjacent to each side of each reed, and that they engage the thread
which the needles 62 carry through the warp and thus maintain loops in the
weft or filler. Thereupon, the pear-shaped cam having moved far enough to
raise the lever, and the bell-crank lever d being consequently actuated, the
needle 2 will be withdrawn.
By this time, the shaft ; will have rotated sufficiently so that the batten will
begin to again move forward to heat up the loops of the weft that the needles g³
maintain. During this movement of the batten, the vertical needles begin to

page_text: close up against the reeds, maintaining the loops in the weft until just before
the reeds reach their limit of movement, whereupon these needles slip out of
the loops and are quickly retracted. In view of what has just been said, there-
fore, the needles g³ are manifestly oscillatory because they should be free to
give way just before the weft is beaten up and while they still maintain the
loops, by which arrangement a perfect edge is obtained.
The next revolution of the shaft will effect a repetition of the operation as
just described, the only difference being that at this time the needles 62 mounted
on the bar will be moved, as will be obvious.
The operation of the tension device has been already described, and the
operation of the take-up mechanism will be readily apparent.
In Figs. 9 and 10, the loop-forming needles move horizontally instead of
vertically. The frame 3 carrying said needles is exactly similar to the corre-
sponding or vertically movable frame already described, its guides being
secured to the under side of the breast-beam b. The needles are adjustably
mounted in blocks u pivotally secured to clamps u³ mounted on one of the
bars of the frame, all in the same manner as the corresponding construction
herein before described; said needles are bent so as to extend rearwardly from
their point of pivotal support, then upwardly approximately parallel with the
rear face of the breast-beam and then rearwardly again substantially in the plane
of the other needles 62. Said needles are normally maintained in horizontal
position by means of a rod ut mounted at each end in a link u pivotally suspended
from the frame t³, and the ends of said needles which form the loops are adapted
to fall when their rear ends are tripped by a detent projecting from the breast-
beam and adapted to engage the pivotally suspended bar us. The frame t³ is
reciprocated by means of eccentrics 2 on a shaft 3 that is journalled in bearing-
blocks projecting from the loom frame, said eccentrics carrying straps
which are adjustably connected pitmen wl having pivotal connection with lugs w²
on the frame t³. The shaft v³ carries a sprocket w3 which is eccentrically mounted
thereon and with which engages a sprocket-chain w passing over an eliptical
sprocket w mounted on the shaft j.
to
In the operation of this modification, as the needles 2 carry the filler or weft
through the sheds, the eccentrics move the frame 3 and thus advance the
needle t Said needles, co-acting with the needles 62, produce loops in the weft,
and as they reach the limit of their movement, the rod u is tripped, permitting
them to fall, so that the loops are maintained more or less taut, and therefore
the possibility of their being slipped past the ends of the needles to uncaught
thereby is obviated. Thereupon the needles 62 having retracted out of the sheds,
the batten moves forward to beat up the weft, and just before the beating up
is effected, the frame carrying the needles to quickly retracts, the forward ends
of said needles being lifted to the horizontal position, so that the rod ¹ can
be re-set to maintain them in that position, by another rod al carried by arms 2
projecting from the breast-beam b. Each needle may have a slight deflection a
in it so as to insure its being lifted high enough so that the rod u can be slipped
in position.
Provision for two eyes in each needle 2 is made so that the needle can take
up any looseness that may occur in the weft. By passing the weft through tw
eyes in the needle, the latter can exert a tension upon the thread, and when it
retracts after the co-acting needle enters the loop, the superfluous portion of the
loop that must necessarily exist in order that said co-acting needle can enter
the loop, will be taken up; if there were only one eye in the needle, the thread
might freely slip through it and the superfluous portion of the loop would not
be taken up.
It has been hereinbefore mentioned that under the action of gravity the
needles g³ tend to maintain the position indicated in Fig. 4; but if desired, and
as is shown in said figure, a spring at may be employed to normally effect this.
When in the claims I use the expression "loopers" and filler-carriers," it

page_text: will of course be understood that reference is made to the needles g³ (or tº)
and 63, respectively.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1: In a loom provided with suitable warp-controlling mechanism, the combi-
nation of a reed, a filler-carrier or carriers adapted to reciprocate transversely
of the reed, a looper or loopers adapted to reciprocate transversely of said filler-
carrier or carriers, said looper or loopers and the reed being capable of moving
to and from one another in a direction lengthwise of the warp, and means for
actuating the filler-carrier or carriers and the looper or loopers, substantially
as described.
2: In a loom, the combination, with warp-controlling mechanism including
a batten, of a reciprocating bar or bars resting on said batten, a filler-carrier
or carriers mounted on said bar or bars, a looper or loopers adapted to recipro-
cate transversely of said filler-carrier or carriers, and means for reciprocating
said bars and the looper or loopers, substantially as described.
3: In a loom, the combination, with warp-controlling mechanism including
a hatten having a slot or slots therein, of reciprocating bars mounted in said
slot or slots, filler-carriers mounted on said bars, loopers adapted to reciprocate
transversely of said filler-carriers, levers fulcrumed on said batten and operatively
connected to said bars, and means for vibrating said levers and reciprocating
the loopers, substantially as described.
4: In a loom, the combination, with warp-controlling mechanism including
a batten having a slot therein, of reciprocating bars mounted side by side in said
slot, filler-carriers mounted on said bars, a suitably guided frame movable trans-
versely with reference to the batten, loopers carried by said frame and adapted
to co-act with the filler-carriers, levers mounted on said batten, rods pivotally
connecting said bars and said levers, and means for vibrating said levers and
reciprocating said frames, substantially as described.
5: In a loom, the combination, with the frame thereof, of a revoluble shaft
journalled therein, a suitably supported reciprocating batten, a link having
an eccentric connection with said shaft, a pitman connected to said link at one
of its ends and operatively connected to the batten at the other of its ends, and
a lever fulcrumed in said frame and connected to said pitman, near the latter's
connection with the link, substantially as described.
6: In a loom, the combination, with the batten and with reciprocating filler-
carriers, of a vertically movable frame, guides for said frame carried by said
batten, clamps adjustably mounted on said frame, and oscillating loopers sup-
ported by said clamps and adapted to co-act with said filler-carriers, substantially
as described.
7: In a loom, the combination of a batten having a longitudinal slot in the
upper portion thereof, reciprocating bars arranged in said slot, posts adjustably
mounted on said bars, and needles carried by said posts, substantially as described.
8: In a loom, the combination, with a batten having a longitudinal slot
therein, of reciprocating bars arranged in said slot, strips secured upon said bars
and having openings therein, plates secured upon said strips over the openings,
posts adjustably mounted in said plates, and needles carried by and adjustably
sustained in said posts, substantially as described.
9: In a loom, the combination, with a batten having a longitudinal slot
therein, of reciprocating bars arranged in said slot, strips secured upon said bars
and having openings, slotted plates arranged on said bars over said openings,
screws projecting into the strips and penetrating the slots of said plates, posts
mounted on said plates and provided with adjusting nuts, and needles penetrating
and adjustably mounted on said posts, substantially as described.

page_text: 10: A filler-carrier for looms consisting of a needle having two eyes through
both of which the thread or filler is adapted to extend, substantially as described.
11: In a thread-controlling device, the combination with a spool or bobbin,
of a pair of suitably disposed co-acting levers, a flyer revolubly arranged in the
axial line of said spool or bobbin and including an eccentrically disposed eyelet,
said levers having eyelets at the ends thereof adjacent the flyer, and springs
tending to separate the eyelet ends of said levers, substantially as described.
12: The combination of a pair of suitably fulcrumed spring controlled co-
acting levers, a spool or bobbin disposed between the same, and a flyer revolubly
mounted above said spool or bobbin and having on its upwardly extending arm
an axially disposed eyelet and on its downwardly extending arm an eccentrically
disposed eyelet, the upper arm of the levers being provided with eyelets, whilst
their lower arms are adapted to be engaged by the downwardly extending arm
of the flyer, substantially as and for the purposes described.
13: In a loom, the combination, with warp-controlling mechanism including
the batten, of filler-carriers movable longitudinally of said batten, and loopers
adapted to co-act with said filler-carriers and movable horizontally and trans-
versely of said filler-carriers, substantially as described.
14: In a loom, the combination, with warp-controlling mechanism including
the batten, of filler-carriers movable longitudinally of said batten, loopers adapted
to reciprocate horizontally and transversely of said filler-carriers, means for
reciprocating said loopers, and means for effecting an intermittent depression
thereof, substantially as described.
1 01
1000
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
Chartered Patent Agent, London, for the Applicant.