Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 29th June, 1886.
Complete Left, 12th Jan., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 11th Mar., 1887.
I, JOHN BOOTH, of Central Falls, in the County of Providence, and State of Rhode
Island, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows
My invention relates to the bearings of drawing rollers of spinning frames, mules,
speeders, and other similar machines.
As is well known the upper rollers in machines of the character mentioned have an
imposed weight, and the lower rollers are driven by power and carry those above.
This imposed weight, particularly upon the delivery pair, is great, being ordinarily.
about three hundred pounds to each bearing of the lower roller; and in order to
acommodate as many spindles as possible on the spindle supporting rail, the bearings
for the saddles of the top rollers, as well also as the bearings for the lower rollers, are
made very short.
With this construction, and under the conditions mentioned, the wear upon the
journals and bearings of the rollers is great, occasioning loss from this cause, as also
from the fact that the oil used to lubricate the bearings creeps therefrom to the external
surfaces of the top rollers, whereby the yarn is caused to adhere to the rollers, so that
the use of india-rubber surfaces on said top rollers is prevented, it being well known
that oil has an injurious effect or india-rubber.
The object of my invention is to obviate the objections mentioned, and to this end
the said invention consists in providing the rollers with anti-friction bearings, so that
they will run freely without lubrication, as I will now proceed to set forth.
I will first proceed to describe my invention as applied to the top rollers of a
spinning frame and subsequently explain its relationship and operation as applied to
the lower rollers.
The said top rollers are hollow, or of a shell form, and are made separate from the
rod or bearing on which they rotate. The usual saddles, through which the pressure
of the holding-down weights is applied to the top rollers, rest on the rod or bearing
between the rollers. The ends of said rod, which rest in slots in the supporting frame,
inay be square or equivalently formed, so that the rod cannot rotate, said slots being
correspondingly formed,

page_text: If preferred, however, said rod may be circular at the points where it rests in the
slots of the supporting frame, so that it can rotate.
In carrying out my invention I interpose, between the rod or bearing and the inner
surface of the hollow rollers, a series of anti-friction rollers, which may be elongated
cylinders, or balls. The rod or bearing has annular ribs or projections, and the rollers
or shells have inturned flanges, in the present construction.
Said rollers are kept in place by means of shoulders formed on the rollers and
bearings if cylindrical rollers are employed; and by means of grooves formed in the
rollers and bearings if balls are employed..
To maintain the rollers in place on the bearings, devices of various form may be
employed. In some cases the bearing is provided with a recess into which a closely
fitting block or plug of india-rubber fitted, the upper face of which is flush or even
with the face of the bearing, and a small wire of spring steel is passed through this
block of india-rubber into the bearing, leaving its upper end projecting slightly beyond
the upper face of the india-rubber block and into a groove formed on the interior of
the roller. This construction permits the wire to yield, so that the roller may be
forced thereover into position on its bearing when the wire will snap into the groove
and hold the roller in place with sufficient force, and yet permit it to operate with all
needed freedom.
I can also use a split sleeve or collar sprung upon the bearing the latter being
turned down so that the outer surface of the sleeve will be flush with the adjacent
part of the bearing, and with the flange, of the sleeve resting against one end of
the roller.
Imay also employ a sleeve slipped upon the bearing and secured thereto by a set
screw. Said sleeve is provided with a shoulder adapted to bear against the end of
roller, a washer being preferably interposed between said shoulder and the end of
the rotler.
▾
The anti-friction bearings for the top rollers, produced as hereinbefore described,
enable said rollers to run without oil, so that the surfaces of said rollers are free from
oil. The adhesion of the yarn to the top rollers is thus prevented, and the use of
india-rubber or any other desired material as a surface for said rollers is made
practicable.
I am aware that shell rollers rotating independently of rods or bearings on which
they rest have been before used, the saddles resting on said rods or bearings; but
such rollers have always required lubrication, and in case of failure to keep said rollers
properly lubricated; they bind on the rods or bearings, causing the latter to rotate
with considerable friction at the points where the saddles bear upon them. It has
therefore been considered necessary to lubricate the meeting surfaces of the saddles
and rods or bearings, even when internally lubricated shell rollers are used, the oil
working rapidly from the saddles to the external surfaces of the top rollers.
The employment of these anti-friction bearings enables me to fit the rods or bearings
to the saddles so that they cannot rotate as above described, hence no friction will
occur, and no lubrication is required at the points where the saddles rest on the
bearings.
When my invention is applied to the lower fluted rollers of a spinning frame, the
journal bearings are secured to an inclined extension of the post of the roller stand by
means of a headed bolt or nut. The journal bearing support is provided with rounded
recesses for the journals of the lower rollers of the two rear pairs of rollers, and has
provisions for other contrivances, all as common in devices of this character, but with
which my invention has nothing to do.
To provide a bearing for the journals of the lower delivery rollers, in accordance
with my invention, I form a rounded recess a little larger in size than, though similar
in form to, the recess in the lower end of the support forming also a deeper recess at
the same point; which deeper recess extends nearly, though not quite to the edges of
the support so that the rounded recess will merely form flanges to the deeper recess.
In this deeper recess I place a case constructed as a thin shell and formed to fit the
recess. A cap of the same or similar material to the case, having its under side con-

page_text: structed to conform as to shape with the upper surface of case and rounded recess is
made to fit over the bearing formed for the journals of the lower delivery roller,
which cap is provided with an ear adapted to be attached to a second ear, formed on
the support, by which means the cap is secured to the support, and the case held in
place. The said cap is provided with an elongated aperture in its top, for a purpose
to be presently explained.
The journals of the lower rollers are formed, as usual, and are a little less in diameter
than the diameter of the hole formed by the outer surface of the flange when the cap
is secured in position as described.
A journal being placed in position in the bearing support provided therefor, and the
cap secured in place thereon, rollers of metal or other suitable material are dropped
through an aperture onto the case and over the bearing, so as to form a complete
circle around the latter, the flanges serving to prevent any lateral or endwise displace-
ment of of the rollers, the diameters of which are just sufficient to cause the said
journal to fit closely in its bearing, though not to bind therein. Rollers are thus
made to form the direct bearings for the lower journals as rollers form the direct
bearings for top rollers as hereinafter described, and as said journal is revolved it
turns the rollers by frictional contact therewith. The latter rolling in the case and
cap reduce the friction to a minimum, and overcome the existing difficulties and
objections as herein before set forth and so secures the objects aimed at by my
invention.
I sometimes use two wheels constructed on the same principle as the bearing just
described, which wheels are so arranged and supported as to constitute a bearing for
the journals in accordance with my invention. This modified construction is par-
ticularly adapted to be applied to old frames.
Plates are secured to the sides of the post by means of screws, or otherwise, and
provided on their upper ends with laterally projecting studs on which are journalled
the said wheels. These wheels consist of shells around the interior of which rollers
are arranged, so as to roll in contact with said studs and the interior of the shells as
the latter are revolved by the turning of the journals resting thereon. The wheels
are arranged at the sides of the longitudinal centre of the post and at opposite sides of
the lower line of the journals, so that if said journals and wheels were viewed directly
from the ends thereof the surfaces of the two wheels would appear to be rolling in
contact with each other and with the journal thereon above and between said rollers.
It is not necessary; as will be obvious, that the parts just described should be
arranged as described as their positions may be varied without departing from the
nature of the invention. So also the form and arrangement of the parts explained
with relation to the top rollers, as applied to the lower rollers may be varied within the
limits of the invention.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
. 45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bearings for Drawing-rollers of Spinning-frames
and Analogous Machines.
I, JOHN BOOTH, of Central Falls, Providence Rhode Island, United States of
America do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
My invention relates to the bearings of drawing rollers of spinning frames, drawing
frames, mules, speeders, and other similar machines.
As is well known the upper rollers in machines of the character mentioned have an
imposed weight, and the lower rollers are driven by power and carry those above.
This imposed weight, particularly upon the delivery pair, is great, being ordinarily
about three hundred pounds to each bearing of the lower roller; and in order to
accommodate as many spindles as possible on the spindle supporting rail, the bearings
for the saddles of the top rollers, as well also as the bearings for the lower rollers, are
made very short.
With this construction, and under the conditions mentioned, the wear upon the
journals and bearings of the rollers is great, occasioning loss from this cause, as also
from the fact that the oil used to lubricate the bearings creeps therefrom to the external
surfaces of the top rollers, whereby the yarn is caused to adhere to the rollers, and the
use of india rubber surfaces on said top rollers is prevented, it being well known that
oil has an injurious effect on india-rubber.
The object of my invention is to obviate the objections mentioned, and to this end
the said invention consists in providing the rollers with anti-friction bearings, so that
they will run freely without lubrication, as I will now proceed to set forth.
In the accompanying drawings
:
Figure 1 represents a side view of two top rollers embodying my improvements.
Figure 2 represents an end view of the same.
Figure 3, represents a section on the line of figure 1.
Figure 4 represents a section on the line уу of figure 2.
Figures 5, 6 and 7 represent different forms of devices. for holding the rollers in
position on their rod or bearing.
Figure 8 represents a side view of a stand or support for the drawing rollers of a
spinning frame, a lower fluted roller, in section, being shown in position therein in
accordance with my invention.
Figure 9 represents a vertical section of the parts shown in figure 8, said section
being taken through the journal and bearings of the roller.
Figures 10 and 11 represent the two parts of the bearing boxes.
Figure 12 represents a view similar to figure 9, showing a modified form of the
structure represented in the latter figure.
Figure 13 is a diagramatic end view of the structure shown in figure 12.

page_text: Similar letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.
I will first proceed to describe my invention as applied to the top rollers of a
spinning frame and subsequently explain its relationship and operation as applied to
the lower rollers.
AA represent two of the rollers composing the set of top rollers of a spinning frame
or other analogous machine. The said rollers are hollow, or of a shell form, and are
made separate from the rod or bearing B. on which they rotate. The usual saddles,
through which the pressure of the holding-down weights is applied to the top rollers,
rest on the rod or bearing B between the rollers A. The ends of said rod, which rest
in slots in the supporting frame, may be square or equivalently formed as shown in
figure 2, so that the rod cannot rotate, said slots being correspondingly formed. If
preferred, however, said rod may be circular at the points where it rests in the slots of
the supporting frame, so that it can rotate.
In carrying out my invention I interpose between the rod or bearing B and the
inner surface of the hollow rollers A, a series of antifriction rollers R which may be
elongated cylinders, as shown at the left in figure 4, or balls as shown at the right in
said figure. The rod B has annular ribs or projections B¹, and the rollers or shells A
have inturned flanges A', in the construction here illustrated.
Said rollers R are kept in place by means of the annular ribs B¹ and flanges A', if
cylindrical rollers R are employed; and by means of grooves formed in the rollers A
and bearings B if balls are employed.
To maintain the rollers A in place on the bearings B devices of various form may
be employed. In figure 5 I have shown the bearing B as provided with a recess into
which a closely fitting block or plug of india rubber is fitted, the upper face of
which is flush or even with the face of the bearing, and a small wire D of spring steel,
is passed through this block of india-rubber into the bearing, leaving its upper end
projecting slightly beyond the upper face of the india-rubber block and into a groove E
formed on the interior of the roller A. This construction permits the wire D to yield,
so that the roller A may be forced thereover into position on its bearing when the
wire will snap into the groove E and hold the roller in place with sufficient force, and
yet permit it to operate with all needed freedom.
In Figure 6 I have shown a sleeve or collar F which is split and sprung upon the
bearing B, the latter being turned down so that the outer surface of the sleeve will be
flush with the adjacent part of the bearing, and the flange G of which rests against
one end of the roller A.
In Figure 7 I have represented a sleeve H as slipped upon the bearing and secured
thereto by a set screw I. Said sleeve is provided with a shoulder J, adapted to bear
against the end of roller A, a washer K being preferably interposed between said
shoulder and the end of roller A.
The antifriction bearings for the top rollers, produced as hereinbefore described,
enable said rollers to run without oil, so that the surfaces of said rollers are free
from oil. The adhesion of the yarn to the top rollers is thus prevented, and the use
of india-rubber or any other desired material as a surface for said rollers is made
practicable.
I am aware that shell rollers rotating independently of the rods or bearings on
which they rest have been before used, the saddles resting on said rods or bearings ;
but such rollers have always required lubrication, and in case of failure to keep said
rollers properly lubricated, they bind on the rods or bearings, causing the latter to
rotate with considerable friction at the points where the saddles bear upon them. It
has therefore been considered necessary to lubricate the meeting surfaces of the saddles
and rods or bearings, even when internally lubricated shell rollers are used, the oil
working rapidly from saddles to the external surfaces of the top rollers.
The employment of these anti-friction bearings enables me to fit the rods or
bearings B to the saddles so that they cannot rotate as above described, hence no
friction will occur, and no lubrication is required at the points where the saddles rest
on the bearings.
Referring to figures 8 to 13, inclusive showing my invention as applied to the

page_text: lower fluted rollers of a spinning frame, a represents the post of a roller stand; b the
base thereof and c the support for the journal bearings; the latter being secured to an
inclined extension d of the post a by means of a headed bolt or nut e. The journal
bearing support c is provided with rounded recesses for the journals of the lower
rollers of the two rear pairs of rollers, and has provisions for other contrivances,
all as common in devices of this character, but with which my invention has nothing
to do.
A
To provide a bearing for the journals of the lower delivery rollers, in accordance
with iny invention, I form a rounded recess g, a little larger in size than, though
similar in form to, the recess f in the lower end of the support c. I also form a deeper
recess, in the bottom of the recess g, which recess extends nearly, though not quite,
to the edges of the support c, so that the metal around the recess g will merely form
flanges to the deeper recess h, as shown in figures 8 and 9. In this recess h I place
the case Figures 9 & 11 constructed as a thin shell and formed to fit the recess.
cap Figures 9 and 10 of the same or similar material to the case j', having its under
side constructed to conform as to shape with the upper surface of case ¹ and
recess g, is made to fit over the bearing formed for the journals of the lower delivery
roller, which cap is provided with an ear k, adapted to be attached to a corresponding
ear formed on the support c, by which means the cap is secured to the support, and
the case j¹ held in place. The cap is provided with an elongated aperture m in its
top, for a purpose to be presently explained.
The journals n of the lower rollers o are formed as usual, and are a little less in
diameter than the diameter of the hole formed by the outer surface of the flange i
when cap is secured in position as described.
The journal n being placed in position in the bearing support provided therefor, and
the cap secured in place thereon, rollers r, of metal or other suitable material, are
dropped through the aperture m onto case and over the bearing, so as to form a
complete circle around the latter. The flanges serve to prevent any lateral or
endwise displacement of the rollers, the diameters of which are just sufficient to cause
the said journals n to fit closely in its bearing, though not to bind therein. The
rollers are thus made to form the direct bearings for the journals n, as the rollers R
form the direct bearings for top rollers A, as hereinbefore described, and as said
journal is revolved it turns rollers by frictional contact therewith. The latter
rolling in the case ₁ and cap i reduce the friction to a minimum, and overcome
the existing difficulties and objections as hereinbefore set forth and so secures the
objects aimed at by my invention.
In figures 12 and 13 I have shown two wheels constructed on the same principle as
the bearing just described, which wheels are so arranged and supported as to constitute
a bearing for the journals n in accordance with my invention. This modified con-
struction is particularly adapted to be applied to old frames.
Referring to said Figures 12 and 13, 9, y represent plates secured to the sides of
the post a by means of screws, or otherwise, and provided on their upper ends with
laterally projecting studs p,p on which are journalled the wheels q, q. These wheels
consist of shells s, s around the interior of which rollers t, t are arranged, so as to roll
in contact with said studs and the interior of shells & as the latter are revolved by
the turning of the journals n resting thereon. The said wheels 9, 9 are preferably
arranged at the sides of the longitudinal centre of the post a and at opposite sides of
the lower line of the journal n so that if said journal and wheels were viewed directly
from the ends thereof the surfaces of the two wheels would appear to be rolling in
contact with each other and with the journal n thereon above and between said
rollers q, q as represented in Figure 13.
It is not necessary, as will be obvious, that the parts just described should be
arranged as shown in Figures 12 and 13 as their positions may be varied without
departing from the spirit of the invention. So also the form and arrangement of the
parts as shown and explained with relation to the top rollers, and as shown in
Figures 8 to 11, inclusive as applied to the lower rollers may be varied within the
limits of the invention.

page_text: -
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is.
First An anti-friction bearing for the drawing rollers of spinning frames and
analogous machines, consisting in a series of rollers upon which the drawing rollers or
their journals are adapted to bear and in contact with which they are adapted to rotate
in their operation, as set forth.
Second The combination of the drawing rollers and their bearings, the latter
consisting of a series of rollers upon which the drawing rollers or their journals are
adapted to bear, and in contact with which they are adapted to rotate in their opera-
tion, and means for supporting and maintaining in proper position the rollers
constituting the bearing, as set forth.
Third A top roller for spinning frames having a central bearing, and interposed
anti-friction_rollers, as set forth.
Fourth In combination, in a spinning machine roller, the central bearing having
polygonal ends, the interposed anti-friction rollers R and the outer shell A inclosing
said rollers and bearing, as set forth.
Fifth The combination of the bearings B having polygonal ends and annular
projections B¹, the spinning machine rollers having inturned end flanges A¹, and the
interposed anti-friction rollers, as set forth.
Sixth The combination with the stand, of the drawing roller and its journals and
revoluble anti-friction rollers supported by the stand, and adapted to afford a bearing
for said journals, as set forth.
Seventh The combination, with the stand recessed as described, the roller o and its
journals n, the rollers r arranged in said recess and surrounding the journal, the case j'
and cap j, as set forth.
Eighth The combination, with the stand provided with the recesses g and flanges i,
of the case j¹, cap provided with aperture m, roller o and its journals n the rollers r
arranged in said recess and surrounding said journal, as set forth.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.