matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
Im- PROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF WORKING THE SLIDE VALVES OF STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1873

page_text: .
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Moy at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th September
1873.
I, THOMAS MOY, of 37, Farringdon Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF WORKING THE SLIDE VALVES OF STEAM ENGINES," to
be as follows:-
My Invention relates to slide valves for working steam engines
expansively, and has for its object the use of one slide valve only for
each cylinder, thereby dispensing with one or both of the excentrics, link
motions, and cut-off valves ordinarily used for the purpose.
The valve in order to produce the effect required is worked by means
of a pin and lever acting on the end of the valve connecting rod. The
pin may be furnished with a friction roller if required in order to
diminish friction. This pin or roller with its lever has a reciprocating
motion imparted to it, and works in a fixed curved slot, the curve of
which is a segment of a circle of which the valve connecting rod forms
the radius. In this curved slot are fitted metallic slides capable of being

page_text: moved so as to cover more or less of the sides of the slot, and thereby
cause the steam to be cut off as required.
When the said pin or roller is in contact with one of the slide pieces
in the slot, the steam induction ports are quite closed, and no steam can
enter the cylinder, that is to say, the "cut off" has taken place, but the
eduction from the reverse side of the piston is open; and when the pin
or roller is in contact with either side of the slot, the steam port
answering to that side is open.
By causing the slide pieces to cover more or less of the sides of the
slot, the steam is cut off earlier, or later in the stroke, and by causing
them to cover the entire sides of the slot the engine is stopped.
The pin or roller is pressed in the direction of one side or the other
of the curved slot as required by the action of a spring on a cam on the
end of the lever which carries the pin or roller, but the cam is formed
with a small rounded end where-the-action of the spring is neutral.
Instead of a spring, a piston or plunger acted upon by steam pressure
is sometimes used.
The reciprocating motion of the said lever is communicated by another
lever connected to it at the end furthest from the pin or roller. This
last-named lever has a reciprocating motion imparted to it, coinciding as
nearly as possible with that of the piston, though not necessarily of so
long a stroke.
IMPROVED COMBINATIONS OF INGREDIENTS FOR CLEANSING AND BLEACHING WOOLS AND OTHER SUITABLE FIBRES AND FABRICS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Bateson Rickards at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd April 1873.
I, JAMES BATESON RICKARDS, of "The Green," Kilburn, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVED COMBINATIONS OF INGREDIENTS FOR CLEANSING AND BLEACHING
WOOLS AND OTHER SUITABLE FIBRES AND FABRICS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to special combinations of ingredients for the
cleansing and bleaching of wools, woollen goods, cotton waste, and other
suitable fibres and fabrics, and consists,-
Firstly, in forming a bath composed of silica, soda, charcoal, and
sand known to be free from iron and alumina, water being added to
render the bath of the proper consistency for the steeping of the article
or material therein, the length of time which the material is acted
upon being dependent upon its nature and character.

page_text: The second combination is composed of silica, potash, charcoal, and
sand free from iron and alumina, to which water is added as for the
first compound.
In some cases I employ both soda and potash with the other named
ingredients, especially when treating wools.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PRINTING CARPETS AND OTHER SIMILAR FABRICS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 2nd July 1873.-A communication from abroad by Thomas
Crossley, of Bridgeport, Connecticut, United States of America.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
PRINTING CARPETS AND OTHER SIMILAR FABRICS," a communication, to be as
follows:-
The first part of this Invention relates to the manner of making the
blocks from which the designs are printed, and the second part relates
to the press with which the designs are printed from the blocks upon
the fabric.
In constructing the blocks a sheet of metal is first marked off into
squares of the size of the points used in printing the figures on such
materials. A small hole is then drilled in the middle of these squares
to receive a corresponding projection formed on the ends of metal types.
Instead of holes indentations may be formed to receive shorter but

page_text: otherwise similar projections on the types. When the types have been
inserted in such arrangement as to give the form of any one colour to
be introduced into the figure they are secured in place by soldering them
to the plate, and the latter is then attached to a backing of wood or
other material suitable for the purpose. The blocks thus constructed
are used in the same manner as other blocks in common use for the like
purpose. When the blocks have thus been prepared they are applied
by means of a press instead of in the ordinary mode by hand. This part
of the said apparatus consists of a table, upon which the fabric is spread
to receive the impression; a lever or equivalent device for raising the
blocks, or the form to which they are attached, guides for determining
the exact position of the blocks when applied to the fabric so as to
ensure a perfect "register," and a moveable car or carrier for moving
the blocks or form horizontally between the position in which the
impression is made, and that in which the colouring matter is applied
to the said blocks.
The colouring matter may be applied by means of a tablet having a
porous face, which is saturated with the colour, and is arranged in the
car or carrier, which sustains and transports the block, and is operated
by toggle levers or other means to press the tablet against the lower
face of the block, when it has been moved from the fabric on the table.
Then the block may be swung back over the fabric by means of a
crane on the carrier, and then lowered on the fabric to make another
impression. In this mode of printing forms may be used containing four
blocks, and as the register may always be made perfect mechanically,
rapidity and accuracy of the work are obtained.
AN IMPROVED WATER-FOWER ENGINE
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Caldbeck at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th
August 1878.
I, WILLIAM CALDBECK, of Naas, Ireland, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED WATER-FOWER ENGINE,”
to be as follows :—
This Invention relates to that class of motive-power machinery known
as water wheels, in which water is discharged upon one or other side of
the perpendicular diameter of its periphery, cavities, buckets, or pro-
jections-being provided as a resistance to-the-water, the weight of which
causes the revolution of the wheel; and the object of the Invention is to
raise the water to the point of discharge by automatic action, and obtain
motive power.
The apparatus consists of a shaft to one end of which is fixed an
ordinary water wheel, having cavities or buckets so formed that the
water shall be retained therein during the greater part of the half
revolution, in order to obtain the full effect of the weight of the water.
The uprights which carry the wheel are fixed to a tank containing

page_text: water, and two shafts are mounted in the said uprights one above and
the other below the axle of the wheel, and on chain wheels fixed to
these shafts are carried endless chains connected together by cross bars
carrying buckets or water receptacles. Studs or projections are provided
upon the wheel axle and are so arranged in relation to the endless chains 5
that they shall gear with the cross bars and raise the buckets as the
water wheel revolves, the buckets emptying themselves as they turn
over the upper shaft and the water being discharged into a trough
conducting to the point of discharge of the water upon the wheel.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-Water is poured into the 1
trough until the discharge of the water upon the wheel shall cause it to
turn, thus revolving the axle and raising the chains and buckets by
means of the studs or projections thereon.
The buckets as they reach the upper shaft discharge their contents
into the trough and the water is discharged upon the one side of the 1
wheel, and thus the weight of water raised by and discharged upon
the wheel is equal, and the two operations occur at the same time,
but as the weight of the discharge is exerted at the circumference of the
wheel and the raising power is exerted at the centre, or nearly so, the
power obtained is proportionately greater than the power exerted, and 2
the power thus obtained is transmitted in any well known and desired
manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR LIGHTING AND EXTINGUISHING PUBLIC AND OTHER LIGHTS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Duckett Merriman at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th March 1873.
F, JAMES DUCKETT MERRIMAN, of East India Road, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR LIGHTING AND EXTINGUISHING PUBLIC AND
OTHER LIGHTS," to be as follows:—
This Invention has reference to the lighting and extinguishing of
public street or other lights by electricity and consists in placing on the
top of the service pipe a stop-cock with nose piece and burner which is
enclosed in a lantern. To the plug of the stop-cock is attached a lever,
one end of which is furnished with a plate of soft iron used as an
armature to one or more coil magnets placed below it, and well
insulated while the other end of the lever is formed into a fork, which
serves as a detent for holding an arm that is fixed to a coil spring. This
coil spring gives motion to a hammer which strikes against a piece of
metal attached to the nose piece near the burner. To reduce the speed
of the blows made by the hammer a fan is employed in connection

page_text: with the spring which may be wound up periodically when the lanterns
are cleaned.
A battery being stationed and put into operation at the gas office or
works, the action of the apparatus is as follows:- -When the circuit at
the office is closed the magnet or relay of the coil before mentioned is
magnetized and consequently attracts the armature, and thus opens the
cock, thereby allowing the gas to pass freely to the burner. By the down-
ward movement of the lever, the arm or pawl is allowed to pass the stopper
or one end of the fork before alluded to and being attached to the spring
it is carried round to the other end of the fork and is there retained so
long as the lever is held down to the magnet. Attached to the spring is
a pinion which is made to revolve and give a succession of quick move-
ments to the hammer which strikes on the piece made to receive the
blow and causes a series of sparks to be emitted, thus lighting the gas,
the electric circuit being completed by the passage of the current down
the service pipe to the earth. After the hammer has made a number of
blows it falls back a short distance, and so ensures the free passage of
the electricity through a wire to the next lamp.
When it is desired to extinguish the lights the circuit is opened at
the office or work, thereby demagnetizing the relay or magnet, when
the lever will be drawn back by the spring before mentioned or an
auxillary spring for the purpose acting upon the fork. The cock is
thereby closed and the gas shut off until the time arrives for relighting
the gas, when the foregoing operation is to be repeated.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND GENERAL ARRANGEMENT OF COUPLINGS FOR RAILWAY CARS AND OTHER CARRIAGES WHEREBY THE SAME ARE RENDERED AUTOMATIC IN THEIR ACTION
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Wellington Rhoade
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 1st May 1873.
I, GEORGE WELLINGTON RHOADES, of No. 9, Ruthven Street, Broad-
way, South Hackney, in the County of Middlesex, Draughtsman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION AND GENERAL ARRANGEMENT OF COUPLINGS FOR RAILWAY CARS
AND OTHER CARRIAGES WHEREBY THE SAME ARE RENDERED AUTOMATIC IN THEIR
ACTION," to be as follows:-
I propose constructing couplings in such a manner that imme-
diately upon two or more cars or carriages being pushed or backed on to
one another, the same shall become firmly secured as one train, and for
this purpose I attach to one end of each car or carriage one or more
fixed links, and to the other end one or more grappling hooks, which
latter are hung on to a shaft or spindle in such a manner that upon the
cars or carriages being brought together the said hook or hooks shall by
contact with the said link or links become either raised or depressed until
the link or links shall have passed over the ends of the hook or hooks,
when the latter shall either by their own weight or otherwise enter the
link or links and so connect the cars or carriages together,

page_text: The hooks may be made of iron or any suitable material, and the
arrangement will be better understood by reference to the accom-
panying Drawings, Fig. 1 being a side view of one pair of couplings;
Fig. 2 represents a plan or top view of a set of three couplings shewing
the general arrangement of the same.
A, A, A, are the hooks, each having an inclined face a against which
the links B, B, B, press, and thus cause the same to rise; b, b, b, stops
on eyes of hooks A by means of which the hooks are held in position
when not in use; B, B, B, the links firmly secured to cars or carriages;
C, C, C, bearings to carry shaft D on which are attached the hooks
A, A, A, by means of the pins c, c, c, and on the outer end of which
is attached the handle E for raising the hooks A, A, A, out of the links
B, B, B, when it is required to disconnect the cars or carriages.
A CERTAIN MODE OF CARDING BUTTONS IN SERIES OR SIZES FOR SALE, MORE PARTI- CULARLY APPLICABLE FOR CARDING THE DESCRIPTION KNOWN AS LINEN BUTTONS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Loveridge at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th
March 1878.
I, THOMAS LOVERIDGE, Warehouseman, of Noble Street, City of
London, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "A
CERTAIN MODE OF CARDING BUTTONS IN SERIES OR SIZES FOR SALE, MORE PARTI-
CULARLY APPLICABLE FOR CARDING THE DESCRIPTION KNOWN AS LINEN BUTTONS," to
bo
កន្ទ follows (that is to say) :—
My Invention consists in taking by proference stout paper, and cutting
it somewhat in the form of an ordinary envelope, so creased that when
folded up and lapped ono.part over the other it will be of a squaro or
rectangular form, capable of being printed or ornamented on the rectan-
gular or square front indicative of contents, whilst on the inside the
corresponding part with the flaps is so divided up as to receive in series
linen or other buttons of various sizes and proportionato quantities for
domestic use. Thus the purchaser of a packet, which may for con-
venienco contain twelve dozen, will readily find any of the various
sized buttons that may be required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO FOG HORNS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Adair at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd
December 1873.
I, WILLIAM ADAIR, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
AND APPLICABLE TO FOG HORNS," to be as follows:-
To ascertain the nature and extent of my Invention, and before
describing the construction of fog horns and the operation of the same,
to which this Invention relates, I will state the work the fog horn is
intended to do and how that work is performed by fog horns now in
use.
My improved fog horn, is intended to give a clear and distinct signal
or warning by. means of a sharp piercing sound, which sound is produced
by the action of water or other liquid compressing air in a tube, which
air finds its exit and entrance through a reed or reeds fixed in the

page_text: regularly and intermittently blown and sounded without exertion to the
operator, and with great force by means of the water or other liquid
compressing the air in the tube as the tube oscillates.
.
In cold climates it will be advisable to use some non-freezing liquid
5 such as glycerine in lieu of water in the tube.
IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO STEAM BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Clayton Mewburn at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th October 1873.-A communication from abroad by Patrick
Dowd and Michel Dowd, both of Douai, France.
I, JOHN CLAYTON MEWBURN, of 169, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent and Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO STEAM
BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to effect the automatic closing of the
damper of steam boiler or other furnaces when the furnace door is
opened. For this purpose the damper is attached to one end of a chain
or rope which passes over a pulley, and has a counterweight at its other
end. This pulley is on the end of a horizontal rod which is connected
by gearing to a vertical rod at the front of the furnace. Upon a pro-
longation of the axis or spindle of the furnace door is a toothed wheel in
gear with another wheel on the vertical rod, and on this wheel are two
projecting pins. When the furnace door is being opened one of these

page_text: pins comes against a handle or arm on the vertical rod, and thereby
causes this rod to make a partial revolution, and this movement being
transmitted to the pulley the damper is consequently closed. The door
may then be opened and closed as much as desired without acting on the
damper.
To reopen the damper it is necessary for the fireman to move the
handle; he can consequently open and close the damper without moving
the door.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CUTTING. SCREWS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert William Page at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th January 1873.
I, ROBERT WILLIAM PAGE, of 24, Featherstone Buildings, High'
Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CUTTING.
SCREWS," to be as follows:-
I screw on to the mandril of a lathe a chuck to hold the work to be
screwed, and on the outside of this chuck I cut a thread similar in all
respects to that which is to be cut on the work. I then fasten to the
bed plate of the lathe by means of screws and bolts two pieces of metal
bending inwards, and which are to serve as supports for a rod of metal;
to this rod I fix in any convenient manner a bar of metal at right
angles. To one end of this bar, which by preference I make of flat iron,
I fasten a nut forming one half of a female screw, the pitch of the
threads of which agree with those of the male screw on the outside of
the chuck screwed on to the mandril as mentioned above. I also place
on the same bar a socket of metal into which is fastened a bar bent at
right angles, which bar is by preference made of flat iron; this bar and

page_text: socket move casily on the long rod above mentioned and by means of a
screw may be fixed to any part of it. Further I affix to the table of the
lathe or to any other convenient part a rod by one of its ends, so that it
moves radially between the bed of the lathe and the long rod, and its
attachment to the table of the lathe is provided with guides to prevent
a lateral movement and with stops to limit its radial motion; this rod is
provided with a cross piece at right angles. I use this radial rod as a
lever and place it so that the cross piece is under the rod with the half
nut attached to it, so that by moving this bar the rod with the
nut is brought in contact with the male screw on the outside of the
chuck, or the reverse; this action is further facilitated by placing a
weight on the further end of the half nut rod, and thus the action
of gravity is brought to the assistance of the cross piece acting as
a lever.
When I wish to cut a screw, whether it be a female screw on the inside
of a piece of work or a male screw- placed on the outside of the same, I
place the front part of the rectangular socket bar on the rest of the lathe,
and having turned the work down ready to receive the thread, I rest the
screw tool used for cutting the thread on this rectangular piece and
strike it against the surface to be cut, this rectangular piece bcing
connected with the long rod, and this long rod being also united with
the half nut, it necessarily follows that the rectangular piece must move
in accordance with the thread cut on the chuck. In this manner a true
and unerring thread is cut, and even by a person totally inexperienced
in screw cutting.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN EFFECTING SOLUTION AND FILTRATION
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th October 1873.-A communication from abroad by Adolphe
Eymael, of Liége, in the Kingdom of Belgium, Chemist.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN
EFFECTING SOLUTION AND FILTRATION," a communication to me from abroad
by Adolphe Eymael, of Liége, in the Kingdom of Belgium, Chemist, to
be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement
of boiler or apparatus for effecting the solution, together with the
clarification and filtration of crude materials, such for example as
chemical and sacchrine products and for the production of extracts.
The said improved boiler is made in two compartments separated the
one from the other by a vertical removeable partition forming a filtre
which may be protected from injury by a perforated metal plate or sheet.
on each side, the whole being slid into grooves so as to be readily

page_text: removeable for repairs or cleaning. One of the two compartments,
namely that one farthest from the fire, is by preference wider and deeper
than the other one which is nearest to the fire, and it is heated only by the
flame and products of combustion after they have traversed a flue or
passage underneath the first compartment, thus avoiding the risk of
injury arising from burning. It is in the second compartment that the
solution is accomplished, such solution being excluded by the filtre or
partition from the first compartment, whilst the saturated supernatant
liquor is allowed to pass through the filtre into the said first compartment
which never contains other than the clear liquor more or less saturated,
from which there is no deposit. The flue after traversing the length of
the first compartment is made to pass externally round the sides of the
second compartment as well as the rear side of the first compartment, and
thence to the chimney. So soon as the saturation of the liquor is
complete it may be drawn off in a clear condition by a cock in the
bottom of the first compartment. All matters not dissolved or which are
insoluble are deposited upon the bottom of the second compartment,
whence they are withdrawn if required through a discharge opening
provided for that purpose in the second compartment.
These improvements may be readily applied to existing boilers
• employed in the preparation of solutions, and are especially applicable
not only in the manufacture of chemical products, but in sugar houses
and refineries, breweries, distillories, dye works, soap works, glue works,
and in manufactories of syrups, liqueurs, and extracts.
Year: 1873

page_text: For the first purpose, the animal is suddenly killed by felling,
thoroughly bled, and immediately injected with a saturated solution of
boric acid in cold water, finally skinned and gutted. The carcase is
then placed into a cask, and covered over with boric acid in powder.
This last treatment is quite sufficient with meat in pieces.
For the second purpose, the corpse is injected with a saturated solution
of boric acid in benzol, and coloured by some carmin.
For the third purpose, the yarn or the woven tissue is plunged into a
saturated solution of boric acid in magnesium sulphate, or into a size
containing the hundredth part of zinc borate.
For the fourth, purpose, the pure boric. acid is dissolved in water or
spirits, and given in doses according to the malady and the age and sexe
of the treated person.
AN IMPROVED MOTIVE POWER ENGINE
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Shell at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th August
1873.
I, THOMAS SHELL, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED MOTIVE POWER ENGINE," to be as follows :-
This Invention consists in the employment of weighted levers of
continually increasing and decreasing radii, so that those of the longer
radii shall overcome those of the shorter, and thereby obtain revolving
motion.
To a stationary vertical metal plate, having a circular groove, is jointed
a circular disc, the centre of which when the engine is working is
eccentric with the centre of the circular groove, and in this disc there are
grooves or guides in which the levers slide, there being bowls or rollers
on the levers fitting the circular groove in the stationary plate, which
groove being eccentric with the disc, causes the levers to continually
change their radii and obtain revolving motion.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOAT PLUGS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Prior Estlin at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
June 1873.
I, JOHN PRIOR ESTLIN, of Highbridge, in the Parish of Burnham, in
the County of Somerset, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOAT PLUGS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the construction of a self-acting boat plug
for mechanically discharging water from boats or other vessels when not
in the water, and for automatically closing when the boat or other vessel
is placed in the water, in order to avoid the danger to life which now
frequently arises from lowering a boat with the plug out, and the injury
sustained by the boat from rain water if the plug is left in when the
boat is not in use.
In constructing a self-acting boat plug according to this Invention I
employ a ball of prepared india-rubber or other suitable substance
enclosed in a cavity considerably larger than itself, the sides or walls of
which are constructed by preference of metal, and with a flange around
them, by which the plug can be secured in the planking at the bottom

page_text: of a boat. The under side of the cover which closes over the top of the
cavity is made somewhat arched, and through the cover a central hole is
made rather smaller than the ball. The bottom to the cavity is pierced
with holes, or composed of wire or other guards to prevent the ball
escaping.
When a boat fitted with a plug constructed as above described is
lowered into the water the ball rises up to and closes the upper hole, the
ball being forced against it by the pressure of the water, but when out
of the water the ball falls to the bottom of the cavity and permits the
free egress of water or rain from the interior of the boat.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL DEED AND OTHER BOXES, TRAVELLING TRUNKS, PORTMANTEAUS, AND SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Mohr at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th
September 1873.
I, CHARLES MOHR, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Lamp
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL DEED AND OTHER BOXES,
TRAVELLING TRUNKS, PORTMANTEAUS, AND SIMILAR ARTICLES," to be as
follows:-
1
This Invention has for its object to make metal boxes, travelling
trunks, portmanteaus, and the like, stronger at the corners, angles, and
joints, and when desired to make such joints more sightly or even
ornamental.
"
The means by which I propose to attain the said object of my present
Invention are as follows:-After cutting to the required sizes the
several sheets, plates, or pieces of metal herein-after called "plates
requisite for forming say a box, I pierce or punch the same at regular
distances near and along their respective edges where they are intended
to form part of the angle, corner, or joint, then when at a corner or angle

page_text: I bend them to the required angle, generally a right angle, I also bend
outwards the plate which is to constitute the outer lap of the joint to
form a shoulder for the edge of the other plate to butt against, so as to
give the inside and outside of the box a uniform appearance when com-
pleted. I now rivet the two plates together by ordinary projecting or
ornamental rivets, thus forming a strong and neat corner and joint.
In order to give additional strength instead of bending such plates I
form the corners or angles of a box by uniting the two plain plates with
a strip of L shaped metal, running the whole length of the joint of the
same kind or description of metal and of any desired strength, placed 1
outside and securely rivetted to the said plates.
When still greater strength is desired I place a similar strip of
☐ shaped metal over the lap joint first herein described, and rivet the
whole together, thereby giving the corner a treble thickness of metal.
For ornamental purposes I make the corner or ✓ shaped strips of plain
or embossed brass, lacquered or otherwise, of German silver or any other
metal or alloy of metals suited to the purpose, and use plain or orna-
mental brass or other fancy rivets.
If desired there may be two or more rows of rivets on each side of the
said corner strips.
The box may be painted, japanned, varnished, or otherwise coated as
desired.
It will be perceived that by my improved method of uniting the
corners of boxes and the like by a continuous row or rows of rivets on
each side of the angles thereof, uniting two or more thicknesses of metal
such corners or angles are greatly strengthened where strength is most
needed, and give greater security to their contents, and may also be made
a source of ornament to the box, at the same time superceding the use
of a number of clasps or other unsightly additions to the angles or
edges thereof.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS FOR HEATING AND ILLUMINATING, AND IN THE UTILIZATION OF RESIDUAL PRODUCTS OF THE SAID MANUFACTURE
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Hinks and Henry Holland
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 9th June 1873.
We, JOHN HINKS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, and HENRY HOLLAND, of Birmingham aforesaid, Tool
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
** IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS FOR HEATING AND ILLUMINATING,
AND IN THE UTILIZATION OF RESIDUAL PRODUCTS OF THE SAID MANUFACTURE," to
be as follows:-
In manufacturing gas according to our Invention we take one
hundred parts by weight of benzoline or other volatile liquid hydro-
carbon, and one part by weight of caoutchouc or other solid hydro-
carbon, soluble in benzoline or other volatile liquid hydrocarbon, and one
part by weight of caustic alkali, or alkaline earth (by preference
caustic soda or caustic lime), and three parts by weight of water.
We first dissolve the solid hydrocarbon in the liquid hydrocarbon, and
afterwards add the other ingredients. The mixture is introduced into a
generator, and heat applied. The gas generated by the heating of the

page_text: mixture is passed first into a receiver heated to about 100 degrees
Fahrenheit, and afterwards into a chamber having trays filled with
benzoline or other volatile liquid hydrocarbon. These trays are arranged
in such a way that the gas takes a zig-zag course through the chamber,
and passes over the surface of the liquid contained in the several trays.
On passing from the last described chamber the gas enters a receiver,
in which it is mixed with about three times its volume of atmospheric
air. In this condition it is stored, and when about to be used it is
passed through a chamber containing trays of liquid volatile hydrocarbon
into the delivery pipes. As the gas is passed through the pipes and
receivers a thick oily liquid is condensed. This oil when purified by
treatment with lime or otherwise purified is suitable for use in lamps,
such as are ordinarily used for burning light oils. The said oil burns
with a brilliant flame.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU- FACTURE OF NITROGEN AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE PRODUCTION OF AMMONIA, PRUSSIATES OF POTASH AND SODA, AND CARBONATE OR CAUSTIC POTASH OR SODA, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE AND APPLICATION OF OXYGEN TO THE PRODUCTION OF SULPHURIC ACID AND CHLORINE
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hartley Kenyon and Israel
Swindells at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 5th December 1878.
We, HARTLEY KENYON, of the Firm of Kenyon Brothers, Manu-
facturing Chemists, of Warrington, in the County of Lancaster, and
ISRAEL SWINDELLS, of the same Place, Analytical Chemist, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF NITROGEN AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE PRODUCTION OF AMMONIA,
PRUSSIATES OF POTASH AND SODA, AND CARBONATE OR CAUSTIC POTASH OR SODA,
AND IN THE MANUFACTURE AND APPLICATION OF OXYGEN TO THE PRODUCTION OF
SULPHURIC ACID AND CHLORINE,” to be as follows :—
We charge retorts with oxide of barium, and heat such retorts, so
driving off the oxygen; we then lower the temperature and after drawing
air through lime admit it into such retorts, liberating nitrogen and
reforming oxide of barium. The impure nitrogen thus produced we
inject by means of steam into retorts heated to redness and pass the gas
through a stack, and wash the same with milk of lime to produce pure
nitrogen. This pure nitrogen we inject with steam, either superheated

page_text: or not through red hot charcoal and condense ammonia in the ordinary
manner. By passing this nitrogen into ordinary prussiate of potash
retorts or other convenient apparatus containing potash highly heated
with a due proportion of carbon and iron borings, or other metallic oxide,
we produce prussiate of potash; or if caustic soda instead of potash be
used prussiate of soda will be formed; or we use this ammonia in the
production of carbonate or caustic potash or soda by decomposing
chlorides of soda or potash.
The oxygen given off from the retorts we pass into chambers or kilns
containing sulphur in place of atmospheric air as ordinarily used for
forming anhydrous sulphuric acid; if hydrated we blow in steam and
condense the sulphuric acid.
We pass the dry acid in a red hot state along with oxygen through
heated spaces into a red hot cupola or chamber containing dried salt, so
forming sulphate of soda and liberating impure chlorine, which impure
chlorine is again surcharged with oxygen and passed through heated
spaces as before, so further purifying it; and is then lastly admitted into
heated spaces containing a layer of oxide of magnesia liberating pure
chlorine.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR CONDENSING AND COLLECTING THE FUMES EVOLVED BY FURNACES USED FOR MELTING METALS, AND FOR OTHER METALLURGICAL_OPERATIONS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Philip Albert Muntz and
Thomas Budworth Sharp at the Office of the Commissioners of
'Patents, with their Petition, on the 28th August 1873.
We, PHILIP ALBERT MUNTZ, of Keresley, in the County of Warwick,
Gentleman, and THOMAS BUDWORTH SHARP, of Handsworth,. in the
County of Stafford, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the naturo
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS
FOR CONDENSING AND COLLECTING THE FUMES EVOLVED BY FURNACES USED FOR
MELTING METALS, AND FOR OTHER METALLURGICAL_OPERATIONS," to be as
follows:-
In furnaces used for melting metals and for other metallurgical
operations fumes are evolved which it is desirable. to condense and
collect. For example, in the manufacture and melting of brass or
alloys containing zinc, or in the melting of zinc, a portion of the zinc
is volatilized and oxidized, dense white fumes consisting of oxide of
zinc passing from the fluc of the furnace. This oxide of zinc is of
considerable commercial value, but is ordinarily allowed to escape into
the atmosphere, owing to the difficulty of collecting it. A like vola-
•

page_text: The products when solid may be separated from the water by
subsidence, and when soluble may be recovered by chemical processes
suited to the nature of the dissolved matter.
The fumes are forced through the vessel or chamber by preference
by means of an exhaust process, for which a steam jet, or jets, or pump,
or fan, may be employed. The fumes as they pass from the furnace
to the vessel or chamber may be conducted through the flue of a steam
boiler, whereby they produce steam suitable for the steam jet, and at
the same time are partially cooled.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBINED PORTABLE OR CAMP BEDSTEADS, CONVERTIBLE INTO A COUCH, CHAIR, AND PORTMANTEAU
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Napier Lee at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 23rd May 1873.
I, HENRY NAPIER LEE, of 27, Watling Street, in the City of London,
India-rubber Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBINED PORTABLE OR CAMP BEDSTEADS,
CONVERTIBLE INTO A COUCH, CHAIR, AND PORTMANTEAU," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the construction
and arrangement of light and portable folding or camp bedsteads, which
are capable of being converted into a couch or chair, or folded up into the
form of a portmanteau with receptacles containing the mattress, bedding,
and other articles required by officers in camp, travellers, and others
requiring such portable conveniences.
For this purpose, according to my improvements, I construct the
main frame of a portable camp bedstead of rectangular form, to the
outer sides of which folding legs are attached to support it above the
surface of the ground when in use; the legs, when opened out, bearing
against the projecting ends of the frame or otherwise.

page_text: '
To the main frame a second rectangular frame is firmly hinged or
jointed, and to the back or outer under surface of each frame, stout
canvas, leather, or other suitable material is attached, in such manner
as to form hollow receptacles for containing the mattress, bedding, or
other articles to be used or carried in combination with the portable
bedstead.
The inner or upper surface of each frame is furnished with stout
canvas, leather, or other flexible material stretched across and laced up
with cord to form the sacking of the bedstead, and serving also as a
cover to the receptacles before mentioned.
i
A third rectangular frame is hinged or jointed to the one previously
described, so as to fold within it when closed up, being covered with
canvas, leather, or other suitable material, and furnished with folding
legs to support it when opened out, to support the legs and feet of the
user.
When the bedstead is required as a chair, the foot piece or frame is
folded up, and the frame to which it is attached is raised into an
inclined position upon its hinge or joint to form the back to the chair or
seat, being retained by links or straps, which are arranged to connect it
and the main frame firmly together.
The two main frames when closely folded together are secured by
straps and by a padlock or other fastening so as to enclose the bedding
and other articles contained in the receptacles.
The frames may be made of metal, wood, or of wood and metal com-
bined, to give strength and lightness to the whole.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING, AND IN APPARATUS FOR CUTTING THE PRINTED MATTER AT THE SAME TIME
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Lewis Mills and Thomas
Stewart Monkhouse at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 11th January 1873.
We, JOSEPH LEWIS MILLS, of 23, Grafton Street, Fitzroy Square,
London, and THOMAS STEWART MONKHOUSE, of 27, Regent Square,
London, W.C., do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
* IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING, AND IN APPARATUS FOR CUTTING THE PRINTED
MATTER AT THE SAME TIME," to be as follows :-
"
In printing we employ one or more revolving cylinders or rollers,
upon which we engrave or affix in types or stereotypes the matter to be
printed from. These we designate "form cylinders" or "form rollers, "
and in contact with each one of these form cylinders, but at opposite
sides of the periphery of cach, we affix apparatus for properly inking
the same, such inking apparatus being so arranged as to leave two free
spaces in each form cylinder. A properly devised pressure or friction
roller is brought in contact at each such free space for the purpose of
obtaining impressions, and through cach such point of contact we pass
the material we wish to print upon, and thus we print upon two separate
sheets or continuous lengths of material at the same time.

page_text: In describing the process of cutting up we will designate these two
seperate sheets or seperate continuous lengths of material, "lines of
supply."
The apparatus for cutting up consists of revolving knives or discs of
metal, which coming in contact with the material in its onward progress
cut it in that direction; and also of a revolving chopper, which cuts
the material transversely to the direction of its onward progress. Such
a combination of revolving knives or discs and chopper is in connexion
with each line of supply.
AN IMPROVED BUOYANT LIFE-PRESERVING MATTRESS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd April 1873.-A communication from abroad by Hannah Barnes
Mountain, of the City and State of New York, United States of
America.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED BUOYANT LIFE-PRESERVING
MATTRESS," a communication, to be as follows:—
The said Invention relates to a buoyant or floating mattress for pre-
serving life at sea. The said floating mattress is made by connecting
two buoyant mattresses with a boat-like sack closed at the ends. The
sack's edges are attached to the bottom of each of the said two mattresses
at the longitudinal centre line of the same. The said mattress will float
and the sack will form a flat surface on which the person or persons
using the mattress may kneel between the two side mattresses.
When not in use the said floating mattress may be folded and packed
in a very small space, and will therefore be very conveniently carried on
board sea-going vessels.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Monteith at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
December 1878.
I, JOSEPH MONTEITH, of Carstairs, North Britain, but at present
residing at Cannes, France, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF VELOCIPEDES,"
to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to economize the power employed in
operating velocipedes and thereby to get an increased speed.
The common practice hitherto has been to use treadles which from
their making a complete revolution were only efficient during a small
part of their motion.
I now propose to mount a pair of treadle levers loosely upon opposite
ends of the axle of the main or front wheel and to connect them
together by means of a chain or cord running over a guide pulley
situate immediately above the wheel for the purpose of causing the
depression of the one treadle to lift that on the opposite side of the

page_text: wheel. The levers of these treadles are severally fitted with a pawle for
taking respectively into one of a pair of ratchet wheels keyed on to the
axle of the front wheel. On the depression therefore of one of the
treadles by the foot of the rider not only will the wheel be driven
forward but the pawle of the treadle lever on the opposite side of the
wheel will be raised into a position for efficient action. In like manner
when the treadle of this pawle is depressed to renew the forward
impetus of the front wheel, the pawle of the other treadle lever will be
raised to the position for efficient action. Thus a rapid impelling force
may be imparted to the wheel by the alternate depression or rising of
the treadles.
Instead of pawles and ratchet wheels I may employ any approved
equivalent therefor having an intermittent action, as, for example, the
nipping devices used for driving the feed wheels of sewing machines.
The above described arrangement offers great advantages in going up
hill as the whole action of the legs may be made efficient. When
descending a hill the rider may use the treadles as rests for his feet, as
the wheel then will overun the driving gear.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SAFES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Fear and Peter Wilson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 13th November 1873.
We, HENRY FEAR and PETER WILSON, both of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SAFES," to be as follows :—
This Invention has for its object improvements in safes.
In constructing safes according to our Invention we so arrange the
door of the safe that it must be first pulled out of the frame or body of
the safe and partly revolved on its centres or hinges before it can be
opened, and again thrust back into the body of the safe before it can be
closed.
When closed, we prefer to secure the door by means of hooks or
hooked bolts sliding under-staples or bars fixed at intervals in a groove
formed for the purpose all round the inner surface of the safe. These
bolts may be shot by turning a handle in the ordinary manner previous
to locking the safe.