Improvements in Mills for Crushing or Grinding.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Nov., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 27th Aug., 1891-Accepted, 3rd Oct. 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Mills for Crushing or Grinding.
I, WILLIAM HENRY COWARD of Newark House, Railway Place, Bath, in
the County of Somerset, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
My invention relates to crushing or grinding mills in which an edge runner rolls
upon the inner periphery of a drum revolving upon a horizontal axis, the drum
being furnished internally with cups and the edge runner being fixed to a shaft
passing out through an aperture in the side of the drum and anchored in a swivel
bearing so as to permit the rise and fall of the runner whilst preventing it from
deviating from its path in the drum.
Such a mill is specified in prior Letters Patent dated March 27th 1889, No. 5286;
and the object of my present improvement is particularly to adapt such mill to
work with a stream of water, instead of an air current, for carrying away the
finely reduced particles, but the improvement is also applicable with advantage
when an air current is used.
In working the mill with water, the stream overflows from the drum at the
aperture through which the edge runner shaft passes, and it is desirable to remove
the spring-pressed bearing by which the edge runner is loaded and guided as far
from the drum as possible.
With this object, and also with the object of increasing the abrasive or rubbing
action caused by the lateral motion of the edge runner, due to angular motion
about the swivel bearing, I reverse the relative positions of the swivel bearing and
of the spring-pressed guide bearing, thus shortening considerably the radial distance
of the edge runner from the axis of oscillation of its shaft and so greatly increasing
its rubbing action.
To enable this to be done and avoid injury to the swivel bearing by the grit-
laden water, the bearing is hung within an inverted U-bracket straddling the point
of overflow, whilst the tail-end of the shaft is received in a bearing working in a
vertical guide and forced in the upward direction by a spring confined between the
top of said guide and a screw adjusted collar upon a tension rod attached to the
bearing.
The drum is carried by a tubular shaft mounted in bearings and through which
the water is supplied, the overflow being at the opposite side to the drum shaft,
and discharging into a suitable trough.
Dated this 27th day of No.
1000
W. H. COWARD.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Mills for Crushing or Grinding.
1,,WILLIAM HENRY COWARD, of Newark House, Railway Place, Bath in
the County of Somerset, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
My invention relates to crushing or grinding mills in which an edge runner rolls
within a drum revolving on a horizontal axis and furnished with internal cups, the
edge runner being fixed to a shaft passing out through an aperture in the side of

page_text: the drum and journalled in a swivel bearing so as to permit the rise and fall of the
runner whilst preventing it from deviating from its path in the drum.
Such a mill is specified in prior Letters Patent dated March 27th 1889 No. 5286,
the edge runner shaft revolving in a spring pressed guide bearing near the drum
and journalled at its far end in a swivel bearing, the shaft acting as a lever of the
third order in its angular motion.
The object of my present invention is particularly to adapt such mill to work
with a stream of water instead of an air current for carrying away the finely
reduced particles but the improvement is also applicable with advantage when an
air current is used.
In working the mill with water the stream overflows from the drum at the
aperture through which the edge runner shaft passes and it is desirable to remove
the spring pressed bearing by which the edge runner is loaded and guided as far
from the drum as possible.
With this object and also with the object of increasing the abrasive or rubbing
action caused by the lateral motion of the edge runner due to angular motion about
the swivel bearing I reverse the relative positions of the swivel bearing and of the
spring pressed guide bearing, thus shortening considerably the radial distance of
the edge runner from the axis of oscillation of its shaft and so greatly increasing
the rubbing action, the shaft then acting as a lever of the first order.
To enable this to be done and avoid injury to the swivel bearing by the grit
laden water the bearing is hung within an shaped bracket straddling the point of
overflow. whilst the tail end of the shaft is received in a bearing working in a
vertical guide and forced in the upward direction by a spring confined between the
top of the guide and a screw adjusted collar upon a tension rod attached to the
bearing.
The drum is carried by a tubular shaft mounted in bearings and through which
the water is supplied, the overflow being at the opposite side to the drum shaft
and discharging into a suitable trough.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this
Specification wherein
Figure 1 is a longitudinal central vertical section of the mill and
Figure 2 is a cross sectional elevation taken at about the plane of the swivel
bearing.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in both the figures.
A is the drum carried by the horizontal tubular shaft B mounted to rotate in
bearings CC, the drum being driven by peripheral spur gearing as shown in
Figure 2. The drum is provided with internal cups a fixed to its sides near the
periphery whereby the material operated on is raised and thrown down in front of
the edge runner. D is the edge runner having a slightly convex periphery and
rolling on the correspondingly concaved inner periphery of the drum. E is the
edge runner shaft journalled in a shaped bearing F swivelling in a vertical
plane on lateral gudeons turning in the forked limbs of a bearing block G fixed
beneath a bridge shaped frame H fixed to the base plate as close as convenient to
the aperture A¹ in the side of the drum at which the water overflows into a
trough 1 formed in the base plate and passing beneath the frame H so that the
water is kept clear of the shaft bearing.
The shaft journal is provided with a collar e at either end of the bearing F to
prevent end wise movement of the shaft. The tail end of the shaft is journalled in
a slide block k fitted in a vertically slotted guide frame K fixed to the base plate
by which lateral deviation of the shaft is prevented, the shaft being pulled upwards
by a spiral spring L acting through a tension rod jointed to the slide block
and provided with a screw nut l.
Instead of a long drum shaft supported in two bearings, the bearing C¹ may be
omitted and the shaft shortened, the drum being partly supported by a roller C'
(shown in dotted lines in Figure 1) beneath the flange around the opening A¹.
Or this roller may be in addition to the two bearings C C¹.

page_text: Water is supplied to the drum through the tubular shaft B from a pipe M
provided with a stop cock N and connected by a stuffing box joint to the end of
the shaft B, the water rising in the drum to the level of the lip or flange around
the aperture A¹ at which it overflows into the trough I by which it is conveyed
away where required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.
1. In the herein described mill the relative arrangement of the swivel bearing
and of the spring actuated guide bearing of the edge runner shaft whereby the
shaft acts as a lever of the first order, substantially as described.
2. The herein described construction of the swivel bearing for the edge runner
shaft and its bridge shaped frame to admit of the effluent from the drum flowing
beneath it, as described.
3. The combination and arrangement of parts of the spring actuated guide
bearings for the tail end of the shaft, substantially as specified.
4. The employment in combination with the herein described edge runner mill,
consisting of a horizontally revolving cylinder with internal cups having revolving
therein an edge runner fixed to a shaft revolving in a swivel bearing and loaded by
a spring actuated guide bearing arranged as described, of a stream of water
admitted at one side of the drum and overflowing at the other side substantially as
and for the purpose described.
Dated this 27th day of August 1901.
W. H. COWARD.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.