IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS FOR STEAM ENGINES AND OTHER MOTORS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Benjamin Joseph Barnard Mills, of the Firm of
Harris and Mills, of 35, Southampton Buildings, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
GOVERNORS FOR STEAM ENGINES AND OTHER MOTORS."-A communication
from abroad by James M. Bottum, of the City, County, and State
of New York, in the United States of America, Mechanician.
ealed the 25th July 1873, and dated the 3rd June 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Benjamin Joseph Bar-
nard Mills at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 3rd June 1873.
I, BENJAMIN JOSEPH BARNARD MILLS, of the Firm of Harris and
Mills, of 35, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS FOR STEAM ENGINES AND OTHER MOTORS," a com-
munication to me from abroad by James M. Bottum, of the City,
County, and State of New York, in the United States of America,
Mechanician, to be as follows :—
This governor consists preferably of a winged shaft to which the
movement of the engine to be governed is communicated, a journalled

page_text: cylinder within which the shaft turns freely, having wings projecting
inward between the wings or arms of the shaft, a radial arm attached to
one journal of the cylinder and controlled by a spring to limit or resist
the rotation of the cylinder, and another radial arm attached to the
same or the other journal of the cylinder and adapted to operate a valve
or cock or its equivalent through the medium of a rod or other con-
nection. The cylinder is filled with oil or other liquid. The movement
of the engine to be governed being communicated to the central shaft
by a belt and pulley or other proper device any excessive motion will
by the resistance of the liquid within the cylinder, and the tangential
impulse imparted to the said liquid, turn the cylinder upon its axis to
the extent permitted by the governor spring, and by deflecting the arm
connected with the governor valve will partially or entirely close the
said valve.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Benjamin Joseph Barnard Mills in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 3rd December 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, BEN-
JAMIN JOSEPH BARNARD MILLS, of the Firm of Harris and Mills, of
35, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Benjamin Joseph Barnard Mills,
Her special license that I, the said Benjamin Joseph Barnard Mills,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Benjamin Joseph Barnard Mills, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the

page_text: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS FOR STEAM
ENGINES AND OTHER MOTORS," a communication to me from abroad by
James M. Bottum, of the City, County, and State of New York,
in the United States of America, Mechanician, upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Benjamin Joseph Barnard Mills,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Benjamin Joseph Barnard Mills,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This governor consists preferably of a winged shaft to which the
movement of the engine to be governed is communicated, a journaled
cylinder within which the shaft turns freely having wings projecting
inward between the wings or arms of the shaft, a radial arm attached to
one journal of the cylinder, and controlled by a spring to limit or resist
the rotation of the cylinder, and another radial arm attached to the
same or the other journal of the cylinder and adapted to operate a valve
or cock or its equivalent through the medium of a rod or other con-
nection. The cylinder is filled with oil or other liquid. The movement
of the engine to be governed being communicated to the central shaft
by a belt and pulley or other proper device any excessive motion will by
the resistance of the liquid within the cylinder, and the tangential
impulse imparted to the said liquid, turn the cylinder upon its axis to
the extent permitted by the governor spring, and by deflecting the arm
connected with the governor valve will partially or entirely close the
said valve.
The details of the Invention may be varied in many particulars without
departing from the peculiar character of the Invention.
And in order that the said Invention may be more clearly understood
and readily carried into effect, I will proceed aided by the accompanying
Drawings more fully to describe the same.

page_text: Figure 3 is a vertical transverse section thereof on the line x,x,
Figures 1 and 4.
Figure 4 is a longitudinal section on the line y, y, Figure 3.
The arrows marked 1 indicate the directions in which the sections are
viewed. The other arrows show the direction of rotation of the various
parts as herein-after explained.
A may represent a bed or frame upon which are standards B, B¹,
forming bearings for the cylinder C. Attached rigidly to one end of
this cylinder are one or more arms D, E.
In the illustration given two radial arms are shown at right angles to
cach other. They may be otherwise arranged, or a single arm may
perform the functions of both. To a stationary slotted arm F projecting 1
horizontally from the bed plate a spring G is adjustably applied, its
upper end being fastened to the arm D, so that the adjustment of the
spring in or out may cause it to draw down the said arm with greater or
less force. The arm D oscillates within a slotted guide or yoke L which
limits its movement.
H, H, are wings attached to the cylinder C, and projecting inward
preferably in curved form, as shown. I represents a shaft fitted to turn
freely within the cylinder O, and carrying wings J adapted to pass
between the wings H of the cylinder as the shaft I rotates. Rotary
motion may be communicated to the shaft I from the engine or other a
motor by a belt running on a pulley K keyed on said shaft.
The movement of the governor may be transmitted to the valve or
other object to be controlled through the medium of a rod M attached
to the arm E, or by other means.
If preferred the first motion may be applied to the cylinder, and the a
motion transmitted from the governor to the valve through the shaft I,
this being simply the reverse of the arrangement shown.
The operation of this governor is as follows:-The cylinder being filled
with oil, and the governor bolt being placed on the pulley K, the wings

page_text: J of the shaft I will pass through the oil without moving the cylinder
beyond the proper limit, so long as the motion does not exceed the
desired speed; but any excessive motion imparts an increased centri-
fugal and rotary movement to the oil, forcing it against the backs of the
wings H, H, and turns the cylinder in the direction of the arrows. When
the movement is again slackened the spring restores the cylinder and
retracts the connecting rod or other attachment.
The winged shaft and winged cylinder constitute the essential parts of
the Invention, and may be used either with or without the arm D, the
motion being imparted and transmitted by gearing or any other con-
nection, and counteracted by a spring or weight arranged in any suit-
able way.
The Invention may be varied in its details as required.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and the mode
in which the same may be carried into effect, I would have it understood
that what I claim is, the winged shaft I, J, and winged cylinder C, H,
combined and arranged to operate, substantially as herein described, a
rotary movement being communicated from one to the other through
the medium of liquid contained in the said cylinder.
In witness whereof, I, the said Benjamin Joseph Barnard Mills,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Second day of
December, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-three.
D T D MITTO