Improved Method and Means for connecting Tubes and Pipes of Stoneware, Earthenware, and Glass.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Jan., 1897
'
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Oct., 1897-Accepted, 27th Nov., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Method and Means for connecting Tubes and Pipes of
Stoneware, Earthenware, and Glass.
I, AMBROISE EDOUARD DOUCÈDE, of 4 bis Rue de l'Assemption, Paris in the
Republic of France, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:
This invention relates to a joint or method of assemblage of tubes and pipes of
stoneware, earthenware and glass, which prevents the breaking of these tubes and
pipes by the swelling of the cement in the joints. This invention consists
essentially in making the ends of the tubes to be assembled of equal diameter and
ef placing them end to end and arranging them in a sleeve of cast iron or any
other metal provided with interior ribs for securing the guiding of this sleeve and
its concentric position with regard to the tubes, cement or any other convenient
substance being finally poured into the space between this sleeve and the tubes.
In the known method of assemblage, where the tubes are connected by pouring
cement into the opening of the female tube round the male tube or by juxta-
position and arrangement by means of a sleeve of earthenware, it often happens
that the swelling of the cement causes the breaking either of the inner tube at the
place of the joint, or of the earthenware sleeve.
With my connection any tendency of the filling to augment in volume will
have no influence upon the sleeve of cast iron and consequently rupture is not to
be feared.
I may mention further that the tightness of the joint depends very much on
the proper placing of the sleeve, for when the latter is eccentric with regard to the
tubes as will be most frequently the case in the usual assemblages, the cement layer
becomes very thin on one side and has no tightness. My metallic sleeve with its
interior ribs resting upon the circumference of the tubes will always be perfectly
concentric to these tubes and will thus be as tight as possible. The sleeve of cast
iron or any other appropriate metal is of convenient length, diameter and thick-
ness. Interiorly the sleeve has longitudinal ribs having preferably an angular
form of section which extend from the two ends to a greater or less length along
the generating lines. The height of these ribs is equal to the thickness of the
annular space between the sleeves and the tubes so that they guide this sleeve and
secure its perfect concentricity and the uniform distribution of the cement in the
annular space to be filled.
Exteriorly the sleeve is plain or has circular strengthening ribs.
After the putting in place of the sleeve upon the ends of the tubes to be
assembled, cement is poured either through the ends of the sleeve or through a
hole provided in the tube at the middle of its length. The cement will be prefer-
ably dammed at the extremities of the sleeve according to planes normal to the
axis of the tubes however I may let it form a flush joint more or less inclined as
used in the present joints with earthenware sleeves.
The centering of the sleeve may also be secured by projections provided on its

page_text: inner surface and formed 'by circular segments distributed into two or more crowns
so that the pouring in of the cement around the tube is not hindered by anything,
this filling being effected either through the ends of the sleeve or through the
central filling hole.
Instead of making these projections upon the inner surface of the sleeve I can
in order to centre the latter, interpose between the tubes and the sleeve spacing
pieces independent' from the sleeve. These free interposed pieces may be inter-
rupted rings or keys of any section and length. These rings, segments or keys
may be of metal or any other convenient material.
The projections made upon the inner surface of the sleeves can also be replaced
by anagolous longitudinal or circular projections of any profile made on the tubes
to be assembled.
Dated this 23rd day of January 1807
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, Agents to Applicant.
Improved Method and Means for connecting Tubes and Pipes of
Stoneware, Earthenware, and Glass.
I, AMBROISE EDOUARD DOUCÈDE, Engineer, of 4bis Rue de l'Assomption, Paris,
in the Republic of France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following manner :-
This invention relates to a joint or method of assemblage of tubes and pipes of
stone ware, earthen ware and glass, which prevents the breaking of these tubes
and pipes by the swelling of the cement in the joints. This invention consists
essentially in making the ends of the tubes to be assembled of equal diameter
and of placing them end to end and arranging them in a sleeve of cast iron or any
other metal provided with interior ribs for securing the guiding of the sleeve and
its concentric position with regard to the tubes: cement or any other convenient
substance being finally poured in to the space between this sleeve and the tubes.
In the known methods of assemblage, where the tubes are connected by pouring
cement into the opening of the female tube around the male tube or by juxta-
position and arrangement by means of a sleeve of earthen ware, it often happens
that the swelling of the cement causes the breaking either of the inner tube at the
place of the joint, or of the earthen ware sleeve.
With my connection any tendency of the filling to augment in volume will
have no influence upon the sleeve of cast iron, and consequently rupture is not to
be feared.
I may mention further that the tightness of the joint depends very much on
the proper placing of the sleeve, for when the latter is excentric with regard to
the tubes as will be most frequently the case in the usual assemblages, the cement
layer becomes very thin on one side and has no tightness. My metallic sleeve
with its interior ribs resting upon the circumference of the tubes will always be
perfectly concentric to these tubes as will thus be as tight as possible.
In the annexed drawing Fig. 1 is an exterior view of a simple joint with
assemblage according to my invention. Fig. 2 is a section on line 1-2 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the same joint. Figs. 4 and 5 show the sleeve
in longitudinal and in transverse section. Figs. 6 to 11 show three variations of
the joint differing from the first type only by the arrangement of the projections

page_text: intended to centre the sleeve upon the tube. Figs. 12, 13, 14, &15 show, other
variations.
The tubės
a and b to be jointed together are placed end to end and are arranged
in the sleeve c of cast iron or any other appropriate metal of convenient length,
diameter and thickness. Interiorly the sleeve c has longitudinal ribs having
preferably an angular form of section d, which extend from the two ends to a
greater or less length along the generating lines (Figs. 4 & 5).
The height of these ribs is equal to the thickness of the annular space between
the sleeve and the tubes so that they guide this sleeve and secure its perfect con-
centricity and the uniform distribution of the cement in the annular space to be
filled.
1 '
Exteriorly the sleeve c is plain or has circular strengthening ribs.
After the putting in place of the sleeve upon the ends of the tubes to be
assembled, cement is poured either through the ends of the sleeve or through a
hole t provided in the tube at the middle of its length. The cement will be prefer-
ably dammed at the extremities of the sleeve according to planes normal to the
axis of the tubes; However I may let it form a flush joint more or less inclined as
used in the present joints with earthen ware sleeves.
1
In Figs. 6 and 7 the centering of the sleeve may also be secured by. projections.
provided on its inner surface and formed by circular segments d distributed in.
two or more crowns so that the pouring in of the cement round the tube is not.
hindered by anything, this filling being effected either through the ends of the
sleeve or through the central filling hole t.
Instead of making these projections upon the inner surface of the sleeve, I can,
in order to centre the latter interpose between the tubes and the sleeve spacing
pieces independent from the sleeve. These free interposed pieces may be inter-
rupted rings d (Figs. 8 and 9) or keys of any section and length as in Figs. 10
and 11. These rings, segments or keys may be of metal or any other convenient
material.
The projections made upon the inner surface of the sleeves can also be replaced
by analogous longitudinal or circular projections d' of any profile made on the
tubes to be assembled, Figs. 12 and 13.
In Fig. 14 there is shown on the inner surface of the metallic sleeve and in the
middle of its length a flat circular rib n continuous or interrupted of a height equal
to the annular space augmented by the thickness of the tubes, in order to serve as
abutment for the extremities 1 and 2 of these tubes and to place forcibly the plane
of the joint of the said tube in the middle of the length of the sleeve.
Finally I may make the metallic sleeve with an exterior flat part or supporting
base c¹ provided on the whole length which will facilitate the placing of the tubes
and suppress the wedging actually used as the sleeves will serve directly as
supports for the tubes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. An improved method of assemblage of tubes and pipes of stone ware, earthen
ware and glass, consisting essentially in making the ends of the tubes to be
assembled of the same diameter; placing them end to end by putting them into
a sleeve of cast iron or any other metal provided with inner ribs in order to centre
it on the tubes and pouring cement or any other binding substance between this
sleeve and these tubes, the whole for the purpose of securing a good tightness of
the joint and to suppress entirely the the rupture of the tubes and pipes effected by
the swelling of the cement in the now used joints or in a stone ware sleeve.
2. An improved joint for tubes of earthen ware stone ware or glass in which
the tubes a and b to be jointed together are placed end to end and are put in a
metal sleeve e having interiorly longitudinal ribs d of an angular form of section
which extend from the two ends to a greater or less length along the generating
C

page_text: lines, the height of these ribs being equal to the thickness of the anular space.
comprised between the sleeve and the tubes, and the filling cement being poured
through a hole or holes such as t, provided in the sleeve in the middle of its length,
substantially as described and shown in Figs. 1 to 5 of the annexed drawing.
3. An improved joint for tubes of stone ware, earthen ware or glass comprising
essentially a metallic sleeve having on its inner surface projections formed by
circular segments distributed in two or more crowns, so that the pouring in of
the cement through the central hole in the sleeve is not hindered substantially as
described and shown in Figs. 6 and 7 of the annexed drawings.
4. An improved joint for tubes of stone ware, earthen ware or glass comprising.
essentially a metallic sleeve with inner plane surface and interrupted rings, inter-
posed between this sleeve and the tubes to be assembled substantially as
described and shown in Figs. 8 and 9 in the annexed drawing.
5. An improved joint for tubes of stone ware, earthen ware, or glass comprising
essentially a metallic sleeve with inner plain surface and keys of variable section
and length, interposed between this sleeve and the tubes to be assembled, sub-
stantially as described and shown in the annexed drawing.
6. An improved joint for tubes of stone ware, earthen ware or glass comprising
essentially a metallic sleeve with plain inner surface arranged on the tubes to be
assembled which have longitudinal projections d for centering the said sleeve
substantially as described and shown in Fig. 12 in the annexed drawing.
7. An improved joint for tubes of earthenware, stone ware or glass comprising
essentially a metallic sleeve with inner plain surface arranged on the tubes to be
assembled which have circular projections for centering the said sleeve; substantially
as described and shown in Fig. 13 in the annexed drawing.
8. An improved joint for tubes of earthen ware stone ware or glass, comprising
essentially a metallic sleeve having on its inner surface and in the middle of its
length a flat circular ring n continuous or interrupted of a height equal to the
annular space augmented by the thickness of the tubes in order to serve as abut-
ment for the extremities 12 of these tubes and to place forcibly the plane of the
joint of the said tubes in the middle of the length of the sleeve, substantially as
described and shown in Fig. 14 in the annexed drawing.
9. An improved joint for tubes of stone ware, earthen ware or glass comprising
essentially a metallic sleeve c with an exterior flat part or supporting base c
facilitating the placing of the tubes and suppressing the wedging substantially as
described and shown in Fig. 15 in the annexed drawing.
Dated this 23rd day of October 1897.
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to Applicant.