A CERTAIN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE PROCESS OF DECORATIVE PAINTING, WHICH IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVE- MENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO ROOMS, HALLS, CARRIAGES, AND OTHER PURPOSES TO WHICH DECORATIVE PAINTING HAS OR MAY BE APPLIED
Year: 1852

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
FROGGOTT, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, House and Decorative
Painter, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twentieth day of March, in the fifteenth year of Her reign,
and in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Froggott, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and autho-
rity, that I, the said William Froggott, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, and
such others as I, the said William Froggott, my exors, adiñiors, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "A CERTAIN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE PROCESS OF DECORATIVE PAINTING, WHICH IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVE-
MENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO ROOMS, HALLS, CARRIAGES, AND OTHER PURPOSES TO
WHICH DECORATIVE PAINTING HAS OR MAY BE APPLIED;" in which said Letters
Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said William Froggott, shall cause a

page_text: particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be enrolled in Her Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had; will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Froggott, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention of "A
certain Improvement or Improvements in the Process of Decorative Paint-
ing, which Improvement or Improvements are applicable to Rooms, Halls,
Carriages, and other Purposes to which Decorative Painting has or may be
Applied," to consist in the production of a more brilliant effect than heretofore
produced in decorative painting; and the manner in which the same is to be
performed and carried into effect I shall now proceed to describe.
I first produce a polished surface by one of the following processes :-
First Process.-Take carbonate of lead or zinc white in the dry state;
grind down with spirits of turpentine; afterwards allow a portion of the spirit
to evaporate by exposure, and then add copal body varnish in sufficient quan-
tity to bring it to a proper consistency to enable the artist to use it with
facility. The surface is then covered with a coat of this mixture, which is
repeated the following day, adding to the second coat more varnish. This
coating is continued day by day until a sufficient body is obtained for sustain--
ing a good polish, the last coat partaking more of a coat of varnish with less
colour. This is all that is requisite for a white ground. All the various
colours, tints, shades, and hues may be obtained by using the requisite pig-
ments for making such colour or tint, the pigment being also ground in
spirits of turpentine, and mixed with the white lead or zinc, as may be requi-
site, before adding the varnish. If the varnish is of good quality, this will dry
and harden sufficiently in three days so as to enable the workman to rub
down any inequalities with pumice dust and rottenstone, and polish with the
hand to a brilliant surface.
Second process. All work required for the coach-maker's department will
harden and be fit for polishing in one sixth of the usual time required for
polishing upon varnish alone, and all the requisite colours or shades may be
obtained in a state of purity by mixing the colour with the varnish, instead of
laying three or four coats of varnish on the painted work, which now requires
three or six months to enable the workman to give a sufficient polish.
Third process. To produce a polished surface in much less time than by
any of the former processes, take any pigment or colouring substances, and

page_text: grind it in spirits of turpentine, and evaporate to dryness upon paper. After-
wards mix with a varnish made with gums dissolved in alcohol; but polish
obtained by this means is only suited to some description of interior work.
Fourth Process. After obtaining a polished surface on the required work,
an ornament or design must be fixed upon; this must be sketched in out-
line on common drawing paper previously painted. This sketch or design is
cut out, and placed upon the polished surface by needle points or other means.
Then take common ground white lead in oil, tinted as required, in a stiffish
state, thinned with turpentine, and stipple over the ornament, which will pro-
duce a dead colored ground, leaving the part intended for the ornament in all
its brilliancy of polish. When the ornamental polished surface is thus
obtained, it may be painted either in flowers, figures, or arabesque, or a por-
tion of the polished surface only may be left in the shape of tablet, shield, or
scroll, and any suitable device painted thereon in the ordinary colouring. I
occasionally use a solution of sugar, gum, gelatine, or starch, and lay in the
ornament or design. When dry I stipple over the whole, and when the
stippling is dry, wash the surface with water, which will bring off the stippling
from the surface, which has been covered with the preparation of sugar, gum,
gelatine, or starch, thus leaving the ornament or design in bright relief.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, together with the
manner in which the same may be performed and carried into effect, I claim
as my Invention the various improvements by which I obtain the polished
surface, as herein-before described, together with the process for obtaining the
dead ground, and leaving the ornamental portion in high and bright relief.
And such my Invention being, to the best of my knowledge, new, and
never before practised in that part of Her Majesty's Dominion called England,
I deliver this as my true and faithful Specification of the same.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Froggott, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of September, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-two.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named William Froggott
(being first duly stamped) in the
On of
WILLIAM (L.S.) FROGGOTT.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Seventeenth day of Septem-
ber, in the year of our Lord 1852, the aforesaid William Froggott came
before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged
the Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and
specified, in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was
stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Eighteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord One
Enrolled the Eighteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-two.