IMPROVEMENTS IN TYPE WRITERS
Year: 1882

page_text: "
LETTERS PATENT to Arthur Henry Boulton of Bishopsgate Street in the City
of London and Charles Dickie of Holborn Viaduct in the City of London
for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TYPE WRITERS' A communication
to them from abroad by Andrew Philip Hansen of Hamburg in the Empire of
Germany.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur Henry Boulton and
Charles Dickie at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th August
1882.
ARTHUR HENRY BOULTON of Bishopsgate Street in the City of London and
CHARLES DICKIE of Holborn Viaduct in the City of London "IMPROVEMENTS IN
TYPE WRITERS a communication to us from abroad by Andrew Philip Hansen
of Hamburg in the Empire of Germany
"
This invention consists of the arrangement and combination of parts forming the
improved type writer as hereinafter set forth.
The printing is accomplished by the use of a moveable bar upon the lower or
any side of which the letters spaces and symbols required are secured or attached
The said bar slides in a hinged tablet or frame upon one or both sides of which
are marked, letters, spaces and symbols which correspond with those upon the
printing bar Upon one or both sides of the tablet or frame are rack bars the
recesses upon which also correspond with the letters and symbols of the frame or
tablet, and into these recesses an index finger attached to the printing bar fits.
The said bar extends beyond the frame or tablet and passes over the roller upon
which the printing is effected Said roller is carried upon a long axle supported in
suitable frames and is moved from left to right as the printing progresses by means
of an attached rack bar into which a pawl engages which said pawl is carried by
the frame or tablet
Instead of the foregoing arrangenient the roller may be pivoted in the frame or
carrier which in its turn will be carried by one or more rods or bars
The printing bar and frame or tablet are normally held slightly off the roller by
means of a spring which is compressed during the action of printing but as soon as
ID 1

page_text: the pressure of the hand is removed from the printing bar, the spring forces it and
the frame or tablet up and the pawl engages with the next tooth upon the rack
bar attached to the roller frame A supplementary feed roller is also carried in the
roller frame for the purpose of holding the paper during printing The printing
roller is suitably covered, in order that but one letter or symbol may be printed at
a time and when an entire line has been printed the roller has reached the end of
its travel and as the pawl cannot force it further the printing bar cannot be pressed
down
To print the next line the printing roller is pushed from left to right or right to
left as the case may require and by means of suitable devices this motion may be
made to turn it sufficiently to present the proper surface of the paper for the next
line or the roller may be turned by hand and by means of a pinion and spring held
in its proper position The printing roller frame also carries suitable printing or
inking ribbon upon which the letters or symbols press during printing
It is evident that any form or description of type may be employed and when it
is desired to obtain a number of copies, perforating type and symbols may
be used

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Arthur Henry Boulton and Charles Dickie in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 5th February 1883.
ARTHUR HENRY BOULTON of Bishopsgate Street in the City of London and
CHARLES DICKIE of Holborn Viaduct in the City of London "IMPROVEMENTS IN
TYPE WRITERS” A communication from abroad by Andrew Philip Hansen of
Hamburg in the Empire of Germany..
This invention consists of the arrangement and combination of parts forming the
improved type writer as hereinafter set forth To clearly explain the nature and
operation of our invention reference is made to the accompanying drawings forming
part of this specification and in which
Fig 1 represents in perspective a complete form of apparatus
Fig 2 represents in enlarged view a part of the apparatus shown in Fig 1.
Fig 3 represents an enlarged view partially in section of parts shown in Fig 1'
and
Fig 4 represents in cross section, the rack and pawl mechanism hereinafter more
fully described In all the figures, like letters of reference refer to corresponding
parts of the apparatus The printing is accomplished by the use of a moveable
slotted bar A sliding upon the pivot a upon the lower, or any side that will come
in contact with the surface to be printed, the letters, spaces and symbols a¹. a¹ a¹´
required are secured, attached or formed The said bar slides in the tablet or
frame B. hinged and sliding at one end upon bar b. and resting at the other on bar
or roller b¹ Upon one or both sides of the tablet B are marked letters spaces and
symbols c. c which correspond with those upon the printing bar A Upon one or,
both sides of the tablet or frame, are rack bars B' the recesses upon which also
correspond with the letters and symbols of the frame or tablet, and into these
recesses an index finger d. d attached to the printing bar fits The said bar extends
beyond the frame or tablet and passes over the roller upon which the printing is to
be effected as shown in Fig 1 Said roller may be carried upon a long axle
supported in suitable frames and is moved from left to right or right to left as the
printing progresses by means of an attached rack bar, into which a pawl engages
which said pawl is carried by the frame or tablet Instead of the foregoing arrange-
ment, the roller may be pivoted in the frame or carrier which in its turn will
be carried by one or more rods or bars, or it may be pivoted or secured in the
frame as represented by D in Figs 1 and 2 and this we deem the most desirable
form. The printing bar is normally held slightly off the roller by means of a
spring e which is compressed during the action of printing, but as soon as the
pressure of the hand is removed from the printing bar, the spring e forces it up and
the pawlf engages with the next tooth upon the rack bar Ġ attached to the frame
The supplementary feed roller b¹ is also carried in the frame for the purpose of
holding the paper in position during printing The printing roller is suitably
covered or formed in order that but one letter or symbol may be printed at a time
and when an entire line has been printed, the frame tablet or roller as the case
may be has reached the end of its travel and as the pawl f cannot force it further
the printing bar cannot be pressed down To print the next line the printing
frame tablet or roller as the case may be, is pushed from right to left or left to
right as the case may require and when the roller is moveable, by means of
suitable devices this motion may be made to turn it sufficiently to present the
proper surface of the paper for the next line, or the feed roller b' may be turned

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"
by hand by pressing down the knob E which is carried on the bar g which in turn
fits loosely upon roller b' The part g' is held by a spring against and engages
with the part g2 which is firmly secured to the feed roller b¹. and thereby the
latter is made to revolve and feed or draw the paper forward the space of one line
for each depression of the knob E which as soon as it is released is caused to rise
by the action of the spring h. and the part g¹ engages in that portion of the part g2
next in order The printing roller frame may also carry suitable printing or inking
ribbons upon which the letters or symbols press during printing or ordinary
carbon paper may be used but as the application of these materials to type writers
forms no part of our present invention detailed reference is not made thereto It
is evident that any form or description of type may be employed and when it is
desired to obtain a number of copies, perforating type and symbols may be used.
The roller b' is carried in the arms H H. pivoted at the points h' and may be
raised for the purpose of introducing the paper at the commencement of the
operation and is subsequently held down by means of springs, rubber bands *
or other equivalent devices When it is desired to leave a blank space in the
printing as between words, the index finger d. d is placed opposite a space in
the rack bar B¹. and the printing bar is depressed in the ordinary manner, or the
spacing may be accomplished by depressing the lever I pivoted at . which will
actuate the pawl f directly Having described the various parts constituting the
type writer we will now proceed to illustrate its action. The hand of the operator
is placed upon the knob J of the type bar A which is moved in the slot or groove
of the tablet B. until. its attached index finger or indicator d is above the recess in
the rack bar B' representing on the tablet B the letter to be printed and on then
depressing the type bar A. the index finger or indicator d will fall into the recess
of the rack bar B. and thus the corresponding type on the type bar A indicated
by the index finger d. is impressed upon the paper over the printing roller D
through the medium of an inking ribbon or other suitable device Simultaneously
with the depression of the type bar A, the pawlf gears into the spacing rack G
carried by the main frame, and by means of this action the roller or the tablet and
printing bar, as the case may be is forced the distance of one tooth which is equal
to the space required, for the paper upon the printing roller, to receive the
impression of the type on the type bar indicated by the index finger d upon the
tablet B Upon releasing the pressure on the type bar, the spring c. will force it
back to its former position and the pawl f will fall into the next tooth on the
rack G preparatory to forcing the roller, or the tablet and printing bar as the case
may be, forward another tooth whenever the type bar is again depressed. When
the pawl has reached the end of its travel, it is lifted out of gear and the apparatus
drawn or pushed back to the other end of the paper in position to start a fresh
line. The lever g being then depressed will turn the pinion or part gl and by its
engagement with pinion or part g³ which is stationary on roller b', said roller will
partially revolve and draw the paper a certain distance over the printing roller D
and thus present a new surface for the next line to be printed On releasing the
pressure on pinion lever g it will resume its normal position by means of spring h.
acting as shown and previously described
We would now state that what we deem the essential feature of this invention is
the application for type writers of a single type bar in preference to type pads, wheels,
and the like, such type bar in the act of being depressed to form the impression
of the type corresponding to that indicated by the index finger upon the rack bars
and tablet, and simultaneously by such depression moving itself and the tablet, or
the roller as the case may be along for a certain distance presenting upon the
paper the proper space for receiving the impression of the desired type What we
therefore claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is
1st In type writers, the application and use of a pivoted type bar, carrying at
regular or irregular intervals the requisite signs or characters in combination with
indicating and spacing mechanism for the purposes set forth;

page_text: 2nd In type writers the combination with a pivoted type bar as described, of a
printing roller and feeding mechanism, all arranged and operating substantially as
and for the purposes set forth
3rd In type writers the application and use of a rack and pawl spacing mechanism,
said pawl acting upon the rack only during the descent of the printing bar and
ceasing to act before said bar comes in contact with the surface to be printed said
pawl falling into or engaging in the next or requisite tooth of the rack as the
printing bar rises substantially as and for the purposes specified
In Witness whereof I the said Arthur Henry Boulton on behalf of myself
and the said Charles Dickie have hereunto set my hand and seal this fifth
day of February in the year of Our Lord one thousand eight hundred and
eighty-three
Signed, sealed and delivered
in the presence of
ALLEN P JONES
53 Chancery Lane
London WC
A. H. BOULTON (L.S.)