Improvements in Typewriters.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Oct., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 11th July, 1893-Accepted, 2nd Sept., 1893.
Improvements in Typewriters.
We, EDWARD SMITH HIGGINS, and HENRY CHARLES JENKINS Engineers,
of 51 and 53 Handforth Road, Clapham, in the County of Surrey, do hereby..
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in certain details of construction which
though specially designed for use with the typewriters of our own invention
(No. 9425 dated 6th June 1889), are nevertheless applicable to some machines of
other manufacture. The three points embraced in the present invention are,
lat, the arrangement of the paper carriage whereby the platen or paper roller may be
isolated from the carriage or other portions of the machine, sufficiently to prevent
ill effects from shocks which may be imparted to the carriage. 2nd, the escapement
mechanism adapted to operate in conjunction with the above arrangement of
carriage. And 3rd, the joint to the sticker or arm connecting the spacing frame
or key lever with the escapement mechanism.
The platen and paper carriage. Generally speaking these are of the usual
construction but in order to remove from the platen any shocks which inay be
imparted to the paper carriage we allow a certain amount of travel to the platen
within the carriage, providing a suitable spring arrangement to retain the platen.
normally in its proper position relative to the rack. Varions meaus may be
employed for this purpose but we find a convenient arrangement to consist in a
movable connection between the rack and the paper carriage in which with this
arrangement the platen may be carried in any ordinary manner. The rack may be
provided with projections of carried in brackets extending somewhat beyond the
ends of the paper carriage the projections or brackets being connected with the
carriage conveniently by pins passing through holes or openings in the said
projections or brackets; the heads of the pins would be so placed' as to allow of
the necessary amount of movement between the rack and the carriage the spring.
causing the carriage normally to maintain a fixed position with relation to the rack
but in case of shock allowing these relative positions to be momentarily varied.
Such an arrangement is very useful where at any one movenient the paper carriage
or platen may have to travel a relatively considerable distanco as for example
where differential spacing is employed for letters of varying length and especially
where the platen has to travel say the distance required for the letter M plus the
space between it and the next letter or word.
It will be seen that the same result may be obtained by allowing the play.
between the platen and the carriage or between the carriage and usual chain or
spring attachment which drives it.
In the escapement mechanism instead of employing as is now customary two single
dogs, one fixed and one movable, we prefer to have two arms or dogs one fixed and.
one movable, each arm provided with a head having a number of teeth adapted to
engage with the teeth of the rack; the wear upon all the teeth being by this means
greatly reduced if not absolutely obviated. One of these arms which we will call.
the fixed arm as it is not capable of movement in the direction of the movement of
the rack is pivotted to any fixed portion of the frame-work and is normally out of
gear with the rack; upon the movement of the spacing frame or key lever however
its teeth are brought into engagement with the rack which is thus held in the
position it occupied when such engagement took place. Pivotted upon a spring-
controlled slide capable of movement in the direction of movement of the rack is

page_text: the second or movable arm having the toothed head at one end and a tail piece or
extension at the other connected with the fixed dog by a pin and slot or equivalent
connection. The slide to which the movable dog is pivotted has a tendency due to
its spring to move in a direction opposite to that in which the rack travels during
the printing of a type line. The operation is as follows:-When the key lever or
spacing frame is operated the fixed dog is moved up so as to engage with the rack
and hold it, this movement, owing to the connection of the dogs causing the movable
dog to be withdrawn from. the rack which.as yet does not move. Upon the with-
drawal of its teeth from the inck the movable dog is by its spring-controlled slide
moved forward to the extent allowed by the mechanism so that its teeth are brought
opposite the next set of teeth with which they will have to engage. Upon the
returning of the key lever or spacing frame to its normal position the fixed dog is
withdrawn from the rack and the movable dog engages with it, the spring of the
rack which is stronger than that of the slide overcoming the slide and by reason of
the engagement between the teeth of the movable dog and those of the rack
drawing forward the rack, the movable dog and the slide, to the extent admitted
by the mechanism thus effecting the necessary movement of the paper platen.
Conveniently the slide may be provided with a slot through which passes a fixed
pin or stop so that the slido always moves in the direction of the movement of the
rack to the same fixed point but to effect the differential spacing it may be moved
in the opposite direction to an extent varying according to the requirements of the
letter. How this differential spacing is effected would vary according to the
construction of the machine, but in our own machines this is effected by the insertion
of one or more spacing bars between the end of the slide or a shoulder or other
device appertaining to the slide and a fixed portion of the frame or other stop. In
a machine in which the same amount of space is awarded to each letter the loose
dog would always travel the saine distance.
The joint to the sticker or connecting. arm or link between the key lever or
spacing frame and the fixed escapement dog may be formed as follows:-The
stickor or link is preferably made of a piece of flat metal having an approximately
circular head at each end; the link thus constructed can be conveniently twisted so
that if desired the heads will lie in different planes. The dog or other piece to
which the link is to be connected is provided with a recess corresponding with
the head upon the end of the link so that the latter may be placed sideways into
the recess but cannot be drawn directly out of it by reason of the shape of the
recess. To prevent the link from slipping out sidewise cover-plates may be placed
upon each side; this we prefer to effect by employing a piece of sheet metal'
stamped out with the necessary slot so that it may be placed over the head of the
link before the head is placed in the recess in the dog. The cover-plate may then
be bent over on both sides of the dog and rivetted up or otherwise secured the link
being now movably connected to the dog, that is to say it can turu like a ball and
socket joint but in one plane only, while if any slight movement in a plane at right
angles to the first movement be required it may be obtained by rounding over the
flat faces of the head.
The other end of the sticker or link may be similarly constructed and connected
with the key or spacing lever or other part of the machine where a similar joint is
required.
Dated this 11th day of September 1892.
"

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Typewriters.
We, EDWARD SMITH HIGGINS, and HENRY CHARLES JENKINS, Engineers, of
51 & 53 Handforth Road, Clapham, in the County of Surrey, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in certain details of construction which
though specially designed for use with the typewriters of our own invention
(No. 9425 dated 6th June 1889) are nevertheless applicable to some machines of
other mauufacture. The three points embraced in the present invention are,
1st, the arrangement of the paper carriage whereby the platen or paper roller may
be isolated from the carriage or other portions of the machine, sufficiently to
prevent ill effects from shocks which may be imparted to the carriage. 2nd the
escapement mechanism adapted to operate in conjunction with the above arrange-
ment of carriage. And 3rd, the joint to the sticker or arm connecting the spacing
frame or key-lever with the escapement mechanism.
The accompanying drawings represent only as much of a typewriting machine as
is necessary to render the invention clear.
In these drawings
Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section through a portion of a machine
constructed according to our invention.
Figure 2 is a view showing the machine base in transverse section, and the platen
and paper carriage in back elevation-the platen operating mechanism being outside
the present invention is omitted from the drawing.
Figure 3 is a plan of part of the paper carriage and platen showing the
shock-absorbing spring.
Figure 4 is a back elevation of the escapement mechanism showing it in &
different position to that in which it is represented in Figure 2.
Figure 5 is a plan of the escapement mechanism, and
Figures 6 to 1 are views of the sticker and various parts forming the sticker
joint,
Figure 6 being an elevation of the sticker itself,
Figure 7 an elevation of portion of the dog or escapement lever to which the
upper end of the sticker is attached,
"
Figures 8 and 9 two views of the cover-plate by which the connection of the
sticker with the dog is maintained,
་
Figure 10 is an elevation at right angles to that shown in Figure 6 of the sticker
and a portion of the arm of the spacing frame from which it receives its motion,
and
Figure 11 is a perspective view of the cover plate which maintains the connection
between the sticker and the spacing frame arm.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
A is the paper carriage which in the ordinary manner is capable of being moved
in the direction of its length along, or across from side to side of the machine, in
guides B and on rollers Bin the frame B, C being a barrel containing a spring
which, through a chain or the like represented in Figure 2 by a. dot-and-dash
line C, always tends to draw the carriage in the direction indicated by the arrow y
in that figure..
To prevent shocks being imparted to the carriage A and platen D carried
thereby when they are arrested by the escapement mechanism after each movement
onwards under the influence of the spring in barrel C, we may so connect the rack
bar E to the carriage A that said carriage is capable of slight longitudinal motion
independent of the rack. For this purpose as shown in Figure 2 at the left hand
end (which part represents the right hand side of the machine) if the rack be

page_text: I
1
pivotted to the carriage A as it is for example, in the machines constructed
According to the aforesaid Specification No. 9425, we form the part of the hole E¹
in which the head of the pivot screw E is located, deeper than is necessary to
accommodate the head, and at the opposite end of the paper-carriage we pivot the
plate E of rack E on a screw or headed pin E along the stem of which said plate
is capable of sliding. This last mentioned plate E is normally pressed outwards
against the head of its pivot screw or pin E by a plate spring or equivalent E'
secured to the end of the carriage as shown clearly in Figure 3.
By this arrangement it will be seen that although the rack E may be abruptly
arrested by the escapement mechanism, the shock, due to such sudden stoppage,
which in other machines in which the rack is, in a longitudinal direction, unyield-
ingly connected to the carriage, would be transmitted to the carriage and platen,
is absorbed by the spring E which, after performing this important function,
immediately returns the carriage to its proper position relatively to the rack; this
absorption of the shock by the spring also greatly reduces the stress upon the
escapement mechanism and rack teeth, for the stress is gradually instead of as
hitherto abruptly imposed upon these parts, consequently the wear of the teeth of
the rack and escapement dogs will be reduced to a minimum.
If desired the rack E may be connected to the carriage A unyieldingly, that is to
say, in the ordinary manner, and the "cushioning" or absorption of the shock may..
be provided for by allowing sufficient longitudinal play between the platen and the
carriage or between the carriage A and chain C₁ or spring attachment which
drives it.
In the escapement mechanism instead of employing as is now customary two
dogs one capable and the other incapable of moving in the direction of the carriage's.
travel and each with a single tooth we prefer as shown in Figures 2, 4 and 5, to
have two arms or dogs F F one incapable and the other capable of moving in the
..direction of the carriage's travel as before but each provided with a head having
a number of teeth Fall adapted to engage with the teeth of the rack E; the
wear upon all the teeth being by this means greatly reduced.
י
The teeth of the arms or dogs F F engage and disengage the teeth of the
escapement rack by being moved to and from them in the same vertical plane as
shown in Figure 1 whereas ordinarily the dogs are moved across the plane of the
rack teeth or vice versa. Should the plane of the rack teeth be horizontal then the
dogs engage and disengage the rack teeth by being moved in a horizontal plane,
the plane of movement of the dogs for engaging and disengaging the rack teeth
always corresponding with the plane of said rack teeth.
The arm which, being the one incapable of moving with the rack E or
carriage A in the direction of travel is herein called the fixed or non-travelling
arm, is pivotted at F' to a fixed portion of the framework B and is normally out of
'engagement with the rack E as shown in Figure 2.
The arm F which, being the one capable of moving with the rack E or
carriage A in the direction of travel, is herein called the moveable arm, is forked,
as shown most clearly in Figure 5, to enable the arm F to work freely within
it.
This arm F is pivotted at F to a slide G. the end of which is received
between the bifurcated arms of F,. and the slide near this same end is supported
and guided in its longitudinal motion by a pin B3 which is secured in one or two
stationary lugs B, cast on or secured to the framework B, and passes through
a slot G formed in the slide G. The end G of slot G by abutting. against
the pin Bas shown in Figure 2, serves to limit the movement in the direction
of the arrow y, Figures 2 and 4 of the slide G, moveable arm F, and through it
the rack E and paper carriage A, and the other end G of slot G¹ may be
allowed to abut against the opposite side of pin B. to limit the maximum
distance which the paper carriage could travel in the direction of the arrow &
Figures 2 and 4, at each depression of a key-lever; or this last named restriction
of motion may be effected by a projection or shoulder of the slide G coming
against any stop or fixed part of the framing B. The non-travelling and moveable

page_text: arms F F are pivotally connected together by a pin F which is secured in the
bifurcated ends of the moveable arm F and passes through a slot F7 in the
non-travelling arm near the pivot thereof.
'
The slide Ginear its end distant from pivot F is supported on a roller B* mounted
in the lower end of one of tlie fixed projections B B of the framing B and which
projections serve to guide the slide in the direction of its length. H is a spring
encircling a portion of the slide G and which, by pressing at one end against a
projection or pin G of slide G and at its other end against the fixed projection Be
tends always to move the slide G and moveable arm in the direction of the
arrow (Figures 2 and 4).
If the slot G¹ were of suitable length with regard to the size of the pin B³ or the
before mentioned projection or shoulder of slide G were properly disposed in relation
to the stop against which it was adapted to abut, for example, the face B³ of
projection B, the escapement described up to this point would fulfil all the
functions necessary. in a typewriter in which every letter is allotted the same amount
of space, as the moveable arm F¹ would move a definite distance at each depression
of a key-lever. When however this escapement is applied to a typewriter in the
operation of which each letter is apportioned a space proportionate to its size, the
extent of movement of the slide G in the direction of the arrow. z is varied
according to the requirements of the letter by the manipulation of the arms I I' as
hereinafter described..
J is the sticker or link connecting the non-travelling arm F with the lever arm J¹
Figure 1 which is pivotted on the same rod K as are the key levers K' and which
arm J is operated by the spacing frame L' with which it is connected by the
screw or equivalent L and which at each operation of a key-lever is raised at its
back end as hereinafter described. The joints between the non-travelling escape-
ment arm and sticker J, and sticker J and lever arm J'are preferably constructed
as clearly shown in Figures 6 to 11 and according to the following description.
The sticker or link Jis preferably made of a piece of flat metal having an
approximately circular head J at each end, the link thus constructed can be
conveniently twisted as shown, so that the heads J' will lie in different planes. The
dog or arm is provided with an approximately circular recess F to correspond
with one of the heads J which head may be placed sideways into the recess F but
cannot be drawn directly out of it as will be well understood. To prevent the
sticker or link J from slipping sidewise out of engagement with the dog or arm F
a cover plate may be placed upon each side; this we prefer to effect by employing
a piece M of sheet metal stamped out with the necessary slot M' so that it may be
placed over the head J of link J before the head is placed in the recess 18. The
cover-plate may then be bent over on both sides of the dog or arin F to the shape
shown in Figs. 8 and 9 and rivetted (as by rivets passing through the holes M²).or
otherwise secured, the link J being. then moveably connected to the dog F, that is
to say, it can turn as if connected by a ball and socket joint but in one plane only,
while if any slight movement in a plane at right angles to the first movement be
required it may be obtained by rounding over the flat faces of the head.
The lower head J of the sticker J may be retained in a recess J³ by a bent
cover-plate N which as shown in Fig. 11 may have the slot N¹ open at one end
to enable it to be suitably fitted to the lever arm J which in the example
shown is bent upwards towards the part to which the screw L. Fig. 1 is connected.
The head may however be prevented from moving sideways out of the recess F
or J by means other than those last described and if desired the means employed
may be mounted on the sticker itself instead of on the part to which it is connected.
Although we find the sticker J a very satisfactory ineans of connecting the
non-travelling arm F with the lever arm J yet we do not restrict ourselves to
its use as other means may be employed for the purpose.
..In the machine shown in the accompanying drawings the extent of longitudinal
motion of which the moveable escapement arm F is capable is limited between
the position in which it is shown in Fig. 2 in engagement with the rack and

page_text: '
wherein the end G' of 'slot G¹ abuts against the pin B and the position in which
it is represented in Fig. 4 wherein the shoulder G' of the slide Gabuts against the
face B of guide B another shoulder G of the slide G, when said slide is in the
last-mentioned position, being accommodated within a recess B' in the guide Bº.
This maximum amount of motion corresponds with the greatest space which may
be given to any one of the printing characters of the machine now being described,
but this maximum motion in another machine may be greater or less than in the
example here given.
L', before referred to, L' and L' are three three-sided frames all pivotted on
two studs L', one secured into each side of the frame B, as shown in Fig. 1. The
longitudinal member of each of these frames (which members are hereinafter
referred to as the frames L L and L³) extend from side to side of the machine,
and pass over projections K* formed on the back ends of the key-levers K', said
projections being so situated on the key-levers and of such width that each of them
will operate the particular one or more of the frames L' L' L'as will ensure the
proper space being given to the letter corresponding with each key-lever depressed,
all of which together, with the operation of the spacing key-lever in conjunction
with the fromes L' L' L' is clearly explained in the beforementioned Specification
No. 942589
L' is a spring one similar to which is applied to each of the frames L Land L
for drawing it down after the key-levers are released; instead however of employing
springs such as L' for drawing down the frames L' L' L' we may dispense with
the springs and allow said' frame to fall by gravity into their normal position.
To each of the frames L and L there is pivotted the lower end of a link Othe
upper end of oue of which is jointed to the before-mentioned arm I, that of the
other link being jointed to the arm l' as shown more clearly in Figure 5. These
arms are adapted to limit the extent of the spaces given to the printing characters
by arresting the movement of the slide G as hereinafter explained. The pivot:I'
of the arms is carried in a small frame 13 which is mounted on guide rods 1+
Figures and 5 or otherwise in or on suitable guides so that it is capable of being
moved vertically up and down. On the pivot 1' are also jointed the upper ends of
two curved links 1 Figures 1 and 5 the lower ends of these links being pivotted on
a bar or equivalent 1 carried in the rear ends of two spacing key-levers l' which
are united at their forward ends by a finger-board Figure 1.
Supposing the machine to be in a normal condition that is to say with none of
the keys depressed and otherwise ready for work with the carriage A in its
fartherinost right hand position (left hand in Figure 2) and the before mentioned
toothed arm Fengaging with the rack E of the escapement and the end G³of
slot Gabutting against the pin B³ all as in Figure 2 the operation may be described
as follows:-
For the convenience of this description let it be supposed that it is desired
to print the letter "i" or some other such letter which requires to he apportioned
but a small amount of space, the key-lever K' corresponding to that letter is
depressed in the usual manner and as the letter "i" occupies but a minimum
amount of space the key-lever by which it is operated is provided with a
projection adapted to raise the frame L' only and leave the frames L and L³
undisturbed. It is therefore only the frame L which is raised when the "i"-key-
lever is depressed with, the result that through the screw L lever arm J' link or
sticker J-and non-travelling escapement, arm F the moveable arm F is lowered
out of engagement with the rack E but just before it is quite so disengaged,'
the teeth of arm F engage with the said rack and thus for the time locks
it in the position it then occupies. So soon as the teeth of the arm F are
clear of the rack E the said arm under the influence of the spring H and slide G is
forced in the direction indicated by the arrow in Figures 2 and 4 until its
progress is. arrested by the shoulder G abutting against the arm I which, as also
the arm I, is then laid across the path which extends onwards to the left of
Figure 2. When the "i" key-lever is released and its rearward end thereby

page_text: allowed to descend, the frame L' under the influence of one of the before mentioned:
springs L is also caused to descend and at the same time the toothed arm F.to be.
disengaged from the rack E, but before being quite disengaged the teeth of the
arm are caused to engage with the rack. Immediately after the arm F has been
disengaged from the rack E the escapement spring in the barrel C overpowering
the spring H draws along carriage A until it is stopped by the end G' of.slot G²
abutting against the pin B' the carriage and the paper having thus' been caused to.
travel to an extent corresponding to what may be termed a balf-letter space.
31
Now supposing the next letter desired to be written is one which necessitates the
apportioning to it of what may be termed a full-letter space such a letter for
example as "n" the course pursued so far as regards the operator is identically
the same as that already described with regard to the writing of the letter "i,"
but the key-lover K' of this letter " n "instead of being formed with a projection.
to lift only the frame L' is formed with a projection adapted to raise both the
frames L and L' and leave the frame L³ undisturbed.
"
The function performed by the raising of the frame L' in all instances being the
Bame it is now only necessary to describe how the mechanism is caused to make.
letter spaces which shall be greater than those which can be made by the operation
of the frame L'. By the operation of say the "n key-lever and the consequent.
Bimultaneous upraising of the frames L and L' by the projection with which it. is
provided, the escapement is operated as before but through the link which
connects the frame with the arm l¹ the said arm I¹ is raised so that the arm Fl
under the influence of the spring H flies towards the left of Figure 1 and is stopped
only when the shoulder G abuts against the then unraised arm I which is at the
time interposed between the shoulders G and the face B of guiding projection B
so that the arm has been carried through one half letter space (the minimum
amount) consequent upon the raising of the frame L' and another half-letter-space.
consequent upon the withdrawal of the half-letter-space-thick arm I' from across.
the path leading to the face Bº.
"
Assuming that the next letter or character it is desired to write be one which.
Decessitates the apportionment of what for convenience we term a one-and-a-half-
letter-space say for example." m the operator depresses the particular key-lever
corresponding to that character, which key-lever is one of those formed with a
projection which will cause the three frames L' L' and L to be simultaneously
raised and thus allow the slide G under the influence of the spring H to move
towards the face B" until its travel in that direction is arrested by the shoulder G
abutting against the arm which with the arm 1 is then elevated into such a
position as to allow only the shoulder G of the slide G to move beneath them,.
both the said arms being still interposed between the shoulder G and face B. By
thus having removed from the path of slide G the two half-letter-space-thick
arms the toothed arm F' moves towards the right of the machine (to the left of
Figure 2) to the extent of a one-and-a-half-letter-space so that as soon as the particular
key-lever in operation is released and the arm F consequently disengaged from and
the arm F engaged with the rack E the spring in the barrel C will draw the
carringe A towards the left of the machine to the said extent.
When the end of a word is reached and it is desired to make a space between it.
and the next to be written the operator will depress the finger-board Is at the front
of the machine and thus through the rod 16 and links I raise the pivot 1 which
will have the effect of raising the arms I and I clear of the shoulder G and G³ of
the slide G and thus when a koy-lever is depressed the shoulder G' is used in the
place of and in a manner similar to the shoulder G" which has been before described
to limit the extent of movement towards the right (or left of Figure 2); the
farthermost position of the slide G. in that direction being that in which the
shoulder G is within the recess B' and the shoulder. G abutting against
the face B that is, as shown in Figure 4. So soon as the key-levers. K' and I are
released the spring in barrel C as before described overpowering, the spring H
draws along the carriage until it is stopped by the end G of slot G¹ abutting:

page_text: against the pin B and the pivot I is lowered to its normal position. If spacing
without striking a letter is desired the key-lever specially provided for the purpose
may be repeatedly depressed until the required amount of space is obtained.
When it is desired to liberate the paper carriage from the escapement this may be
offected by suitably moving the rack E so as to disengage it from the teeth F' F³.
:
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inveu-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In a typewriter escapement two arms or dogs such as F F' one pivotted on a
fixed pivot and the other on a moveable one both dogs being connected together by
a slotted or equivalent connection substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
2. In a typewriter escapement the combination with two arms or dogs such
as F F one capable and the other incapable of longitudinal movement of a spring-
controlled slide such as G. substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
3. A typewriter escapement in which the teeth of the dogs work in the plane of
the rack teeth substantially as described.
4. In a typewriter escapement the combination with two arms or dogs such
as FF connected together by a pin and slot one dog pivotted on a fixed pivot and
the other on a pivot carried by a slide such as G moved in one direction by a
spring H and in the other direction with the paper carriage by the spring which
actuates the said paper carriage substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
5. In a typewriter the combination with the dogs F F of spacing pieces or
arms I substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
6. In a typewriter the combination with the spacing frames (LLL) and key-
levers of two dogs such as F F and spring-controlled slide such as G connected
and operating substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
7. In a typewriter the combination with the paper carriage or platen of a
buffering device.
8. In a type-writer a paper carriage buffering device anbstantially as described.
9. In a type-writer a platen buffering device substantially as described.
10. In a type-writer connecting the escapement rack to the paper carriage so
that the two may move independently of each other in a longitudinal direction
substantially as and for the purpose described.
11. In a type-writer the combination with the paper carriage of an escapement
rack and spring so arranged that upon the rack being arrested by the escapement
the carriage may to a small extent move onwards against the action of the spring
substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
12. In a type writer the combination with the paper carriage and escapement
rack such as E E' of means such as at one end a headed screw or pin such as E¹
fitting in a deepened hole or recess such as E' and at the other end another screw or
pin E and a spring such as E for preventing shocks due to the operations of the
escapement in conjunction with the rack from being transmitted to the paper
carriage substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
13. Inta type writer the combination with a flat metal sticker or link such as J
of a flat and approximately circular head such as J' substantially as described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
14. In a type writer the combination with a sticker or link such as J J of
a cover plate such as M M substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
15. In a type writer connecting a sticker or link to an arm lever or other part.
by forming an approximately circular recess in said part fitting an approximately-
oircular sticker head such as J' sideways into the recess and securing cover-plates

page_text: to the recessed part or to the sticker to prevent the stioker head from moving out
of the recess substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
16. In a type writer connecting a sticker or link to an arm lever or other part
by means of an approximately circular recess in said part and an approximately-
circular head on the sticker substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 10th day of Julo 1802
EDWARD SMITH HIGGINS.
HENRY CHARLES JENKINS.
W. P. Thompson & Boult,
Agents for the Applicants..