183 MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING, AND IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR THE
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Hodgson, of Thornton Road, Bradford, in
the County of York, Machine Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
183
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING, AND IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR THE
Sealed the 4th February 1868, and dated the 10th August 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Hodgson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th
August 1867.
I, GEORGE: HODGSON, of Thornton Road, Bradford, in the County of York,
Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING, AND IN, MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR THE
MANUFACTURE OF PARTS OF SUCH Looms," to be as follows:
One part of the improvements relates to means for effecting variation.in
the order of picking, particularly adapted to the use, of rotary shuttle boxes.
According to one arrangement under this. head of the improvements the
picking tappets: whilst they are controlled to revolve in the motion of the
loom, they are yet capable of sliding endwise on their shaft. so that either may
be in position to act: on.its bowl or wiper arm from a picking, shaft,. or be
out of the way to miss them, whereby several successive picks may, be effected
from either end of the loom ;; on the picks may follow each other alternately

page_text: from one and then the opposite end of the loom. Each of these tappets is
formed with a neck to receive a fork or such like means for sliding the tappets
on their axis, and these forks or sliding means are applied to a shaft capable
of sliding in suitable bearings and having other arms or projections capable
of being operated by cam or tappet formed ends or surfaces, which I prefer to
be part of a cylinder, to slide the tappets operating the picker shafts as
desired. These cam or tappet formed surfaces are actuated by a star motion
brought into operation by jacquard or pattern surface.
According to another arrangement under this bead of the Invention the
bowls or wiper arins of the picker shafts both turn on centres and are connected
together so that when one of them is lifted out of the way of its tappet or
wiper the other is in position to be operated by its tappet or wiper, and the
order of selection is by the jacquard apparatus or pattern surface. Or in
place of the cones or bowls or wiper arms turning on centres the outer or
actuated ends or bowls thereof may slide on their studs or be carried so as to
move on arms or projections therefrom so as to be in position to be operated
or missed by their tappets, or they may slide in sockets formed for them in or
applied to the picker axes or shafts, or the action may be by intermediate
pieces. These movements may be effected by the star wheel and cam or
tappet motion and jacquard or pattern surface. The forks or other arms
actuating the moving parts have universal joints to admit of any compound
motions required.
According to another modification of this part of the improvements I form
the picker shafts each in two parts connected by sockets or otherwise, so that
although the tappets may act on their cones or wiper arms the action of the
picker arins may be dependent on jacquard or pattern surface operating the
portion of the picker shafts or their sockets or other moving parts.
According to another arrangement under this head of the improvements
the noses of the tappets actuating. the picker shafts are slided to act on or to
miss their cones or wiper armis by star wheel.and.cam or tappet motion and
jacquard or pattern surface.
Another part of the improvements relates to when successive picks of weft are
capable of being effected from the same-side of the loom, or what what is called
"pick and pick" to means by which successive wefts.may be lifted out of the
way of the fork or feeler just before the throwing in of weft from the opposite
side or selvage of the loom. For this purpose at each selvage of the fabric
there is a lever or finger the point of which rests inia groove provided for it
in' the top of the batten in position to lift the weft out of the way of the weft
fork or feeler-just before a throwing of weft from the opposite end of; the

page_text: loom to which such lever or feeler is applied; and that these levers may only
act as desired each of them is provided with another by preference spring
arm carrying a bowl or truck at its end, or a sliding or moving portion to
run on a cam or tappet by which the movement of its lever is effected, or on
to the boss of such cam or tappet when no such movement is desired, and
which arms or moving parts to the lever or finger are actuated to draw their
bearing parts off their cams or tappets by the action of the picker shafts, or
by other parts of the picking motion, or by the action of the rotatory or other
shifting boxes, or by jacquard or pattern surface.
The improvements in the manufacture of parts of looms relate to the
means for insuring uniformity in the construction of the shuttle chambers.
For this purpose the boxes are supported on spindles or other supports,
adjustable with capability in the case of rotary boxes of rotation, and of being
held as required by stops or catches, such supports being carried by a sliding
table or frame, which is also capable of transverse and vertical movement for
adjustment, whilst a revolving cutter cuts the sides, bottom, and upper parts
of each chamber in succession. The cutter is supported in bearings capable
of adjustment in position and may be varied in size to the size of chamber;'
another revolving cutter cuts the grooves or other of the parts.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed,
by the said George Hodgson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the,
10th February 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
HODGSON, of Thornton Road, Bradford, in the County of York, Machine
Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters'
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One'
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
George Hodgson, Her special licence that I, the said George Hodgson, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George'
Hodgson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all-times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING

page_text: AND IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PARTS OF SUCH LOOMS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the, said George Hodgson, my
executors or administrators; by an instrument in writing under my, or their
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters, Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Hodgson, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:―
.
The first part of the improvements relates to means for effecting; variation
in the order of picking, particularly adapted to the use of rotary shuttle boxes.
According to one arrangement under this head of the improvements the
picking tappets whilst they are. controlled to revolve in the motion of the
loom they are yet capable of sliding endwise on their shaft so that either may
be in position to act on its bowl or wiper arm from a picking shaft or be out
of the way to miss them, whereby several successive picks may be effected
from either end of the loom, or the picks may follow each other alternately
from one and then the opposite end of the loom. Each of these tappets is
formed with a neck to receive a fork or such like means for sliding the
tappets on their axis, and these forks or sliding means are applied to a shaft
capable of sliding in suitable bearings and having other arms or projections
capable of being operated by cam'or tappet formed ends or surfaces, which I
prefer to be part of a cylinder, to slide the tappets operating the picker shafts
as desired. These cam or tappet formed surfaces are actuated by a star
motion brought into operation by jacquard or pattern surface. Or, in place
of the cones or bowls or wiper arms turning on centres the outer or actuated
ends or bowls thereof may slide on their studs, or be carried so as to move, on
arms or projections therefrom so as to be in position to be operated or missed
by their tappets, or they may slide in sockets formed, for them in or applied.
to the picker axes or shafts, or, the action may be by intermediate pieces.
These movements may be effected by the star wheel, and cam or tappet.motion
and jacquard or pattern surface. The forks or other arms actuating the moving
parts have universal joints to admit of any compound motious, required.
The improvements relate, secondly, to when successive picks of weft are
capable of being effected from the same, side of the loom, or what is, called
"pick and pick," to means by which successive wefts, may be, lifted, out of
the way of the fork or feeler just before the throwing in of weft, from the

page_text: opposite site or selvage of the loom. For this purpose at each selvage of the
fabric there is a lever or finger, the point of which rests in a groove provided
for it in the top of the batten, in position to lift the weft out of the way of
the weft fork or feeler just before a throwing of weft from the opposite end
of the loom to which such lever or feeler is applied; and that these levers may
only act as desired each of them is provided with another by preference
spring arm carrying a bowl or truck at its end, or a sliding or moving portion
to run on á cam or tappet by which the movement of its lever is effected, or
on to the boss of such cam or tappet when no such movement is desired, and
which arms or moving parts to the lever or finger are actuated to draw their
bearing parts off their cams or tappets by 'the action of the picker shafts, or
by other parts of the picking motion, or by the action of the rotatory or
other shifting boxes' or by jacquard or pattern surface.
The improvements in the manufacture of parts of looms relate, thirdly, to
means for insuring uniformity in the construction of the shuttle chambers!
For this purpose the boxes are supported on spindles or other supports
adjustable with capability in the case of rotary boxes of rotation, and of being
bel as required by stops or catches, such supports being carried by a sliding
table of fraine which is also capable of transverse and vertical móvenient for
adjustment whilst a' revolving cutter cuts the sides, bottom, and upper parts'
of each chamber in succession. The cutter is supported in bearings capable
of adjustment in position, and may be varied in size to the size of. chamber;'
another revolving cutter cuts the grooves or other of the parts.
But that the Invention may be fully understood, I will by the aid of the
accompanying Drawings proceed to describe means pursued by me in carrying
nows a section,
ew,.
section of parts of a loom with adaptations to it according to the first part of
the Invention.
1
a; a, is the main framing; b, the main or crank axis receiving motion from
a steam engine or other suitable power; and c the cam or tappet shaft receiving
motion from the main or crank shaft by means of a toothed wheel & taking
into the teeth of a wheel c¹ on the shaft c, as is well understood; d, d, are
the picking tappets, which may be of any suitable form, but in place of their
being (as is the usual practice) affixed to the cam or tappet shaft, they are
capable of sliding end wise on such shaft, though they are controlled to revolve**
with it there being feathers on such shaft to pass into corresponding grooves..

page_text: in the bosses of these tappets, or such like means adapted to admit of a free
sliding of these tappets endwise on the shaft whilst they are controlled to
revolve therewith so that either may be in position to act on a bowl e, or it
may be a cone on the arm e¹ of its picker shaft e³, or to miss such bowl or
cone as the case may be. The boss of each tappet d is formed with a neck
d to receive a fork f, and these forks f are both affixed with capability of
adjustment by, means of set screws f¹ on the shaft f which is supported with
capability of sliding endways in bearings a carried by the main framing;
this shaft is also provided with other arms or projections f³, f³, which bear
against the opposite ends or surfaces g', g', of the cylinder g; such surfaces
g, g', being cut to form cam courses, by which the shaft f2 and the forks f
may be moved to the extent desired for bringing one of the tappets d into
position to operate its bowl or cone e, whilst the other tappet is moved into a
position for missing its bowl or cone e, and so that these operations on the
respective tappets may take place alternately. But that the order of picking
may be varied so that successive pickings of weft may when desired take place
from the same end of the loom the stud wheel h on the cam or tappet shaft c
is capable of sliding on that shaft and of being moved into or out of clutch
connection therewith. For this purpose the wheel his formed with a neck h¹
to receive the forked. end of the lever i, which turns upon a fixed stud
carried by a bracket a² from the main framing, and at its other end this
lever i is by the rod or by other suitable means capable of being operated
by jacquard or other suitable, pattern surface. The.. cylindrical, surface h of
the wheel his formed to be embraced by the horns of the star. wheel; whilst
it has openings h³ as is well understood to admit of those horns passing when
either of the studs h" of the wheel h takes into one of the grooves of the
star wheel to effect its partial rotation and then to hold it steadily during
the interval. By these means so long as the wheel h is kept in connection
with the clutch c¹ the cam or tappet. surfaces g', g', will be actuated to move
the picking tappets d in succession to cause a regular succession of picks from
the opposite ends of the loom, but when the wheel h is withdrawn from
connection with the clutch c', then the repeat of picks will continue from one
end of the loom only until the jacquard or other selecting surface again throws
the wheel h into connection with the clutch c¹, when the pick will be.from the
opposite end of the loom. Then again directly the wheel h is withdrawn from
connection with the clutch c¹the picking will continue from the opposite end
of the loom until the wheel h is again moved into connection with the clutch
and so on may the changes in the order of picking be effected or the picking
from either end of the loom continued as desired..

page_text: Figure 4 shows a section, and Figure 5 a back view of parts of a loom with
a modification of this part of the Invention applied to it. In this case the
change in the succession or order of picking is effected by a sliding motion
imparted to the cones or bowls on the arms of the spindles to be acted on by
the picking tappets. k, k, are the picker spindles and 1, l, the bowls or cones
to be acted on by the picking tappets. These bowls or cones are capable of
sliding endways on the arms P, P, thereof, and this sliding motion is effected
by arms from an axis f such as that described in respect of Figures 1, 2,
and 3, and which motion is given to them by tappet surfaces g' on a cylinder
g which is caused to rotate in the order desired by jacquard or pattern surface
acting on a wheel h and star wheel motion, in manner such as described in
respect of Figures 1, 2, and 3; but in this case the arms fare formed in two
parts, one of which f³ is capable of sliding in a socket formed in the part of so
as to admit of the forks carried by the part fs following the motions of the
bowls or cones by a sort of universal motion; the arms f are also capable of
turning on the axis få between the two fixed but adjustable rings f. By
these means the arms & carrying the bowls may be free to turn whilst the
arms f from the axis f, yet by their forked ends f embrace the necks of the
bowls l. By these means also the order of picking may be varied as desired
by the cones being alternately moved into and out of position to be acted
upon by their respective tappets or otherwise according to the selection of the
jacquard or pattern surface, the tappets in this case being affixed as is the
usual practice to the tappet shaft. In place of the bowls or cones moving on
arms from the picker shafts, the bowls or cones may have projections to move
in sockets formed in the picker shafts; or in place of moving either tappets or
bowls or cones, arms f may move pieces into or out of position between the
bowls and their tappets, by which a like effect will take place.
l
I will now describe the second part of the Invention, which is shown
applied at Figures 6, 7, and 8, which represent a section, a front view, and a
plan view of parts of a loom with this portion of the improvements applied to
it. At each selvage of the fabric there is a lever A which is supported to
turn on fixed studs A¹ from brackets a carried by the main framing a, the
front end of each of these levers A is capable of resting in a recess formed for
it in the top of the batten E; each lever A is also provided with a truck or
bowl B which is capable of revolving on a stud B¹ fixed in its lever A, these
trucks or bowls B are capable of sliding endways on their studs or axes B¹-
so as either to run on their cam or tappet surfaces C affixed on the main or
crank shaft c or on the bosses Cof such cams or tappets C These movements,

page_text: of the trucks or bowls B are effected in one direction' by 'springs D, each of
which is formed at one end with a fork to embrace the neck B2 of its truck
or bowl B, whilst the other ends of these springs D'are attached to these levers
A with a tendency to force the bowls B along these spindles or axes B" on to
the cam or tappet surfaces C, and either of these rollers or bowls B is with
drawn from its cam or tappet surface C so that it may revolve on the boss C¹
thereof by means of straps or bands F, one end of each of which is connected
to à spring D whilst the other end is connected to a collar or ring F¹ on a
picker spindle or axis F, 'so that when no pick takes place from one end of
the loom the spring D at that end of the loom will cause the truck or bowl tö
rise on to the cam C when the front end of that 'lever will rise and lift'any
weft previously carried by the shuttle to the box at that end of the batten
so as to prevent such weft from acting on the weft fork and at the
same time by reason of the pick having been effected from the opposite
end of the loom, the bowl Bat such opposite end of the loom will (by
the drag of the picker shaft F2 on the strap F in the partial rotation
of that shaft) be drawn off.its cam or' tappet' C and caused to run on' the'
boss C', when the front end of the lever Awill rest in the recess provided for
it in the top of the batten E at that end of the 'loom. The front end of each
lever: A moves in one of the divisions of a grating G which also serves to 'aid
the operations of the weft forks; the sides of the divisions of each of these
gratings, appropriated to the movement of these levers A, is also provided with
grooves to receive the axes of small rollers H which are raised by the lifting'
of the fingers A, or are allowed in the descent of those fingers to rest on the
lower ends of such grooves formed for them in those grates and' in' position
to act upon the weft forks in the 'forward' movement of the batten to beat up.
By these means whilst the weft stopping apparatus may be arranged for the
weft fork or finger to act at all times in the absence of weft at either end' of
the loom at the time of beating up, when by reason of two or more successive"
picks having taken place from the same end of the loom no pick häs taken
place from the opposite end of the loom, the roller H at such eiid from which
there has been no pick will in the forward motion of the batten for beating
up act on the weft fork to tilt it out of the way of the stopping apparatus at
that end of the loom, and prevent the loom from stopping..
"
Figure 9 shows a side view, Figure 10 an end view, and Figure 11 a plan
view of apparatus arranged to carry out the third part of the improvements.
a, a, is the main framing, band c cutters, the red lines d represent the
portion of a loom-which for the time is supposed to be under operation: The

page_text: portion shown is a rotary shuttle. box the woodwork of which would first be
firmly put together in the form the parts are intended to assume, and the
object of the action of the cutters in the machine is to render parts of it true.
The cutter bis adapted to act on the bottom, the sides; and the upper portion'
of a shuttle chamber as well as on the sides of the grooves therein for the
traverse of the nose and the heel of the picker; the cutter c is adapted at the.
time same, to act on the recess.between two shuttle chambers of the same.box ;
the cutter b is fixed in the socket 6'; and is there held by: a, set screw b²
or, by other suitable means, the socket 6 is attached to the end of the vertical;
spindle which is supported with capability of revolving freely in the bearings
6, 6, and these bearings are capable of adjustmention the main framing a and
of being held as required by the set screw, 6%. Rotary motion is given to this
spindle by a strap or band acting on the pulley. 6. affixed thereon, the
cutter c is in like manner affixed by set screws c in a socket which is affixed
to the end of the horizontal shaft c³, which is supported to revolve, whilst it is
also capable of sliding, endways in bearings c, c',; rotary motion is given to:
the spindle and thence to the cutter c by means of a strap or band acting
on, the pulley fixed on that spindle; endway motion is imparted. to: the.
spindle c by means of a lever, which turns upon a fixed centre at: c*; and by
a, fork or loop embraces, the neck.c³ on, the spindle, c%; this lever is also
borne upon by, spring, or, it, may be weight pressure to enable a projection c²>>
on the connecting rod c-to, the lever c to follow the course of a. template.co
affixed to, the travelling table e, and thereby cause the, cutter,c to go into work"
and be withdrawn therefrom at the, times desired: The rotary shuttle,box
under, operation is supported on a mandrilf, on which it is, held by the: set.
screws, one end of this, mandril, is supported on the, end of the ping..
carried by the puppet or adjustable bearing g', the other end of the mandril fr
is formed with a notch or projection to fit a corresponding form in the, socket.
h affixed to, the spindle..which is carried with capability, of revolving in the..
puppets or adjustable bearings,h², h, so that the shuttle box d or other article.
so supported may, be capable of revolving, with the, spindle,h¹ In order to
regulate,, the distance, of each partial; rotation of the, spindle h-so that, the,
distance apart of each portion of the circumference of the box or other article.
may be uniform, there is applied to the spindle ha.notched wheel.hs which in
the case of the apparatus,being arranged.to operate on a six.chambered rotary
shuttle box would be provided with six equally divided notches .in its.circum-...
ference, each of which is adapted to receive. the projection of, a lever i which
turns upon an axis carried by the small standard from the bearing-h; and;

page_text: is acted upon with a tendency to keep it correctly in its position by a spring
According to this arrangement when one of the chambers of a box have been
acted upon to the extent desired by a cutter b, and another portion by a cutter
c then the lever i will be raised to lift its tooth or projection out of the notch
in which it had been resting in the periphery of the wheel h³, and that box
will be caused to make a partial rotation until the tooth of the lever i falls
into another notch in the wheel h³, when the cutters are set to work to the
extent desired, and so on with each successive portion of the box to be so
operated upon. The box or other article under operation is supported as
stated between the bearings g, h, which are affixed with capability of adjust-
nient on the table e, e, which is formed to traverse on the V edges of the table k,
whilst the table k is formed to traverse on the V edges formed on the bracket 1,
which is also capable of traversing vertically on the edges as formed on the
main framing. The table e is capable of a progressive motion adapted to
carry the article under operation progressively up to and past the cutter b,
this progressive motion is obtained by means of a strap or band acting on the
fixed pulley m affixed on the shaft or axis m which at one end is formed
with a neck by which it is held with capability of revolving in the bearing k
formed on or affixed to the table k, whilst it also passes through and is in part
supported by the bearing.j from the table e; this bearing also carries a pinion
m² which is formed with a feather to slide iu a groove formed along the axis m,
so that whilst the pinion m² may traverse along the axis m the pinion m² is
controlled to revolve with the axis m; the pinion m² by means of the inter-
mediate wheel m³ gives motion to the pinion m' affixed on the screw shaft or
axis m³ which is supported to turn freely in bearings carried by the under side
of the table e, and to pass also through a female screw affixed to the table k, by
which a progressive movement of the table e is obtained.
capable of adjustment by means of the screw shaft ³ when
winch handle or other suitable means; the table or bracket is also capable of
being raised or lowered to the beight desired by means of a winch or other
suitable means applied to the axle 3 which is supported to revolve in bearings
carried by the table or bracket 2, and has affixed upon it the worm wheel 1³
which works in the teeth of the wheel affixed on the axis which also
revolves in bearings carried by the table or bracket 7 and has a fixed on it
a pinion the teeth of which take into the teeth of the rack affixed to the
main framing a.
The table k is
acted upon by a
:
Although I have for the most part referred to a rotary shuttle box as the
part of a loom under operation, it will be readily understood that other parts,

page_text: as jacquard cylinders having several sides or surfaces alike and equi-distant,
may by the use of suitable cutters for the purpose, as would readily be under-
stood, be similarly acted upon.
Various forms of cutters may also be employed and other cutters may be
used to act at the same time if desired.
Having thus described my Invention, and means which I adopt in carrying
the same into effect, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to
the precise details shown and described, as these may be varied without
departing from the peculiar character of the respective parts of the Invention,
but what I claim is,-,
First, the adaptation or combination of means for effecting variations in the
order of picking in looms for weaving substantially as explained in respect of
Figures 1, 2 and 3.
Also I claim the adaptation or combination of means for effecting variations
in the order of picking in looms for weaving substantially as explained in
respect of Figures 4 and 5.
Secondly, I claim the application of a lever or finger, and parts acting
therewith, in manner and for the purpose substantially as explained in respect
of Figures 6, 7, and 8.
And, thirdly, I claim the adaptation or combination of means for effecting
uniformity in the construction of parts of looms used in weaving, substantially
as explained in respect of Figures 9, 10, and 11.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Hodgson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventh day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
GEORGE HODGSON. (L.S.)