Improvements in Covers for Boilers, Steam, and other Pipes, and the like.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 16th June, 1897-Accepted, 31st July, 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Covers for Boilers, Steam, and other Pipes, and the
like.
I, GUSTAV PICKHARDT of Bonn, The Rhein, Germany, Manufacturer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in covers for steam boilers, and pipes or
conduits for conveying steam or hot air, as a means for preventing radiation of the
heat contained in such boilers or conduits, or the cooling of the surfaces of the same
by contact with air or substances of a lower temperature, and the possible condensation
of the steam in such pipes or conduits.
In the means hitherto provided to attain these ends it has been customary to
provide the said covers of a porous non-inflaminable material, placed next the surface
of the boiler or conduit, or of non-porous material and placed a slight distance from
such surface, and my invention relates to improvements in the latter order, and has
for its object to attain the ends stated more effectively and at less cost than
hitherto.
In order that my invention and the alternative ways in which I purpose carrying the
same into effect may be fully understood, reference is hereinafter made to the
accompanying sheet of drawings, in which.
Fig. 1 is a view of a short length of tubing or a boiler, showing one method of
carrying my invention into effect, Fig. 2 being an illustration of the formation of the
spiral wire employed therewith.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of a spiral wire network formed by the combination of a
series of the spiral coils shewn in Fig. 2, Fig. 4 being a section of Fig. 3 taken
upon the line A B.
Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but illustrating the employment of the spiral wire net-
work shewn by Figs. 3 and 4.
Fig. 6 is a cross sectional view of a tube or boiler provided with a covering according
to my invention as hereinafter explained, and in which I have chosen to illustrate the
method shewn in Fig. 5.
In carrying my invention into effect I first cover the boiler or steam or other pipe A
with divers iron-steel, or other suitable wire spirals B, of any cross sectional diameter
most suitable for the purpose and according to the cross sectional dimensions of the
said boiler or pipe A, and surrounding and enclosing the said spirals B I provide an
envelope or cover C of any suitable impermeable non-conducting non-inflammable
material, such for instance as and preferably asbestos, the said cover C being so
arranged as to entirely enclose the spirals or substratum B, a hot air chamber being
formed thereby, and enclosing C I provide a second cover D, which may consist of such
material as felt, silk-tufts, any suitable silicious compound, marl, or any desired
combination of these or other suitable materials which are non conductors of
heat.
The wire spirals B (Fig. 2) may be formed into rings, and placed around the boiler
conduit A as at Fig. 1, or in lieu of rings a length of such spiral wire (Fic 91 mon

page_text: be wound helically around A with the windings in touch with each other, or any
convenient distance apart, as may be desired. Or the said spirals Fig. 2 may be
caused to interlace with each other as at Figs. 3 and 4, and the network thus formed
may be caused to embrace and surround A as shewn at Fig 5, and by the sectional
view Fig. 6.
The material C may be in sheet form, and when caused to surround and enclose B
as at Fig. 6, the joining edges of C may be sewn or stitched together by asbesto or
other threads or metallic wire, or the material may be made of cylindrical formation
so as to be slid over B, and the same arrangement applies to the material D,
except that this being less exposed to the heat from A may, when in sheet
form, be sewn or
otherwise joined up by string or cord-sewing in the usual
way.
From the foregoing description and by reference to the drawings it will be understood
that by reason of the smallness of the points of contact between the spirals B and the
surfaces of A and C, that the portions B would act as very indifferent conductors of
heat from A to C, the latter receiving heat from A by radiation only, and this being
in itself a very bad conductor, it follows, that but a very small proportion of the heat
giving off from A, would reach the surface D, while the space between A and C, formed
by the spirals B, would serve as a chamber for retaining the heat radiating from A, the
materials C and D being of sufficient porosity to prevent rupture of themselves by the
expanded air in the said chamber.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. In a covering for boilers, hot-air, steam and other pipes, the employment next
thereto of iron steel or other wire in spiral form, enclosed by an envelope of any suitable
non-conducting and preferably non-inflammable material, this being enclosed by a
second envelope of any suitable non-conducting material substantially as herein set
forth and shewn.
2nd. In a covering for boilers, hot air, steam and other pipes A, the combination of
spiral wires such as B (Fig. 2) arranged to surround A circumferencially, helically or in
the form of rings as at Fig. 1, or laced together to form net-work as at Fig. 3, and placed
around and enveloping A as at Fig. 5, the said spirals B being enclosed by an envelope
of any suitable non-conducting and preferably non-inflammable material C, the latter
being enclosed by an envelope D of any suitable non-conducting material, connected
and operating substantially as herein described and shewn by the accompanying
drawings, with special reference to Fig. 6.
CT
1005
GEO. THOS. HYDE,
1 Broad Street Buildings, Liverpool Street, London, E.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.