Improvements in and relating to the Manufacture of Candles.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Dec., 1898-Accepted, 28th Jan., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to the Manufacture of Candles.
We, WILLIAM CATTO GREIG, Commercial Traveller, and JOHN HARCOURT
GARDNER, Analytical Chemist, both of 183, Hereford Street, Christchurch, in
the Provincial District of Canterbury, in the Colony of New Zealand, do hereby
declare the nature of this intention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
-
The object of this invention is to diminish the liability of candles to gutter and
to provide an economical method of colouring them.
The invention consists in dipping a candle, which has been moulded in the
ordinary manner, into melted combustible material melting at a higher temperature
than the material of which the candle is composed, the result being to form a thin
coating which when the candle is being consumed melts less rapidly than the inner
substance of the candle whereby the coating forms a cup to hold the melted
material.
Colouring matter usually employed in candle manufacture may be added to the
material which forms the coating.
In the drawings:-
Fig. 1, Is an elevation one half in vertical central section, and
Fig. 2, A sectional plan of a candle treated according to our invention and partly
consumed.
The inner portion (a) of the candle having a wick (b) is moulded in the ordinary
manner from stearine melting at a temperature of about 118 degrees Fahrenheit.
The thin coating (c) is formed of paraffin wax melting at a temperature of
about 130 degrees Fahrenheit the candle being dipped into and instantly removed
from a vessel containing the melted material which forms the jacket.
Our invention is more particularly useful in connection with cheap candles such as
are usually moulded from stearine as by a thin coating of material such as paraffin
wax the candle is prevented from guttering except in extreme cases.
Candle manufacturers will be able to select a material for the coating dip to
suit a particular class of candle the essentials being that the coating shall not be
too thick and shall have a slightly higher melting point than the candle itself.
In practice we have found that candles moulded from stearine are best dipped
into paraffin or harder stearine while candles made from sperm or paraffin wax
may be dipped into melted paraffin and beeswax in equal proportions.
A small quantity of resin mixed with the material has the result of raising its
melting point.
The coating when coloured conceals the cheap material of which a candle may be
made and gives it the appearance of a superior article.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:
1. A candle moulded in the usual manner and afterwards dipped into molten

page_text: material whereby the candle is provided with a thin coating melted at a higher
temperature than the material of which the moulded portion of the candle is
composed, substantially as and for the purposes herein described and as illustrated.
Dated the First day of December 1898.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.