Improvements in the Manufacture of Coiled or Spiral Springs for Pistons and Pump-buckets.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 23rd Mar., 1889
Improvements in the Manufacture of Coiled or Spiral Springs for
Pistons and Pump-buckets.
We JOSEPH OLDHAM and ORLANDO OLDHAM both of Denton in the County of
Lancaster, Engineers do hereby declare the nature of our said invention to be as
follows:
These improvements relate to the manufacture of a coiled or spiral spring for a
Piston or Pump-bucket out of a single solid piece of bar steel, phosphor-bronze, or
other suitable metal in contra-distinction to constructing the same in several pieces
welded together as heretofore or cut out of a solid hoop or tube in a sliding or screw-
cutting lathe as hitherto practised.
In performing our invention we take a flat bar, say of steel of sufficient length to
give the number and diameter of coils required and of sufficient width to give the
desired thickness of coil and at the requisite distance apart we bend this bar outwards
slightly in contrary directions so as when cut as hereinafter described to form the
tapered ends of the coiled spring. We then introduce this bar into a planing or
sawing machine and cut the same completely through in a diagonal direction and then
reversing the bar in the cutting machine we take another corresponding cut completely
through and parallel to the first cut and thus we are enabled to cut the spring to the
required shape out of a solid bar as aforesaid.
This bar is then coiled around a drum of suitable diameter and with the coils set
to the required pitch or distance from each other and is afterwards hardened and.
tempered in the usual manner.
Thin 21ni day of Docambar 1000
JOHN G. WILSON,
Patent Office, 55, Market Street, Manchester,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: Pistons and Pump Buckets.
WE JOSEPH OLDHAM and ORLANDO OLDHAM both of Denton in the County of
Lancaster, Engineers do hereby declare the nature of our said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
These improvements relate to the manufacture of the well known form of coiled or
spiral spring for a piston or pump bucket as illustrated perspectively in Fig. 1. of the
accompanying drawing and as applied to a piston by sectional view Fig. 2. and consists
in cutting such springs out of a single solid pieco of bar steel, phosphor bronze or other
suitable metal as hereinafter described in contradistinction to constructing the same in
several pieces welded together as heretofore or cut out of a solid hoop or tube in a
sliding or screw cutting lathe as hitherto practised.
In performing our invention we take a flat bar say of steel of sufficient length to
give the number and diameter of coils required say as illustrated in Fig. which
represents a bar of the desired thickness and intended for a treble coiled spring. In
setting out this bar in accordance with our invention we mark off the same into three
equal parts or divisions or measure one third of the length from each end and at these
points (indicated by the letters a and b) we bend this bar (which is heated for the
purpose) slightly outwards in contrary directions as indicated definitely in Fig. 4 and
by dotted lines in Fig. 3-so as when cut as hereinafter described to form the tapered
ends c and d of the spring as illustrated in Fig. 5.
At the same points a and b but at opposite sides of the bar we next drill a hole or file
or otherwise form a groove to the depth of the points c¹ and d of the tapered
ends c and d and then we introduce this bar into a planing, milling or sawing machine
and cut or saw the same completely through_by_a narrow cut or groove in a
diagonal direction as indicated by the letters e in Fig. 4 and extending from the
tapered point c¹ to the groove and then reversing the bar in the cutting
machine we take another corresponding cut completely through and parallel to the first
cut as indicated by the letters f and extending from the taper point d to the
groove a and thus we are enabled to cut the spring to the required shape say as
illustrated separately in Fig. 5 out of a solid bar as aforesaid, or instead of the bar
being reversed we sometimes cut the two grooves in the bar simultaneously by employ-
ing two cutting tools. This bar is then coiled around a drum of suitable diameter
and with the coils set to the requisite pitch or distance from each other as illustrated
in Fig. 1 and the spring thus formed is afterwards hardened and tempered in the
usual manner.
In Fig. 5 we illustrate a modification of our invention whereby the spring is
enabled to be cut in one solid piece and without bending the ends as aforesaid out
of a single bar of metal provided the same is of sufficient width. This arrangement

page_text: involves the cutting away of larger waste pieces g and h and its construction will be
sufficiently obvious from the foregoing description and from its corresponding parts
being indicated by the same letters as in Figs. 3. 4 and 5.
Although we have only illustrated a treble coiled spring it will be obvious that in
accordance with our invention-springs of any number of coils may be constructed
with equal facility the bar being chosen of the requisite length and width accordingly.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of this our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
The improved method of cutting a coiled spring for a piston or pump bucket out of
a bar of solid metal substantially as herein before described and illustrated on the
accompanying drawing.
Dated this 22nd day of February 1889..
JOHN G. WILSON,
Patent Office, 55, Market Street, Manchester,
Agent for the Applicants.