IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE PLACES, GRATES, STOVES, RANGES AND THE LIKE AND APPLIANCES THEREFOR to be as follows
Year: 1884

page_text: I WILLIAM CROOK of 34 Castle Street Salisbury in the County of Wiltshire
Builder do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
FIRE PLACES, GRATES, STOVES, RANGES AND THE LIKE AND APPLIANCES THEREFOR
to be as follows:
"
This invention is designed for economy and other advantages chiefly in domestic
grates, stoves, ranges etcetera although it is applicable to almost any kind of
heating apparatus having a fender and by it I a
forward into the room and nearer to the floor &
feet than can be accomplished by the ordinary st
in the wall of the room.
L
abled to bring the heat more.
to more effectually warm the
etcetera, especially when fixed
The fire place or grate is furnished with a lump of fire clay or equivalent the
flue extends from the top of the lump downwardly behind it coming out in front
at or near the floor level and to one side of the grate which may be raised from
the floor level or be placed lower down if desired. The fender plain or ornamental
is hollow so as to form a flue connected in any suitable manner with the main flue
at one end its other end being similarly connected at the other side of the grate
with the rising flue which is carried upwards and has its exit into the ordinary
chimney and is provided with a damper so that the draught can be regulated from
the front.
The fender is by preference so formed as to have an open space closed by a
back immediately above the floor into which the cold air which is being drawn
towards the fire will rush, driving out the air, which has previously entered and
become heated, thus providing a barrier of heated air which rises up in front of
the fire and tends to check the supply of cold air to the fire, and to make the
combustion slower and therefore to economise the consumption of fuel. The
combustion may be further regulated by means of the damper Feet are provided
if desired and to. facilitate the circulation of air a diaphragm can if desired be
employed In cheap fenders however the space may be dispensed with and in any
case the use of the diaphragm is optional.
The ordinary register or lid may be used so as to enable the Chimney to be
easily swept in the usual manner and the fender should be moveable so that it can
easily be removed and the flue cleaned at any time with an ordinary flue brush.
When the fender is removed the flues can be easily cleaned with the flue brush at
the same time.

page_text: The fender is by preference placed as low down as possible so as to serve for
warming people's feet and also for warming the air of the room as low down as
may be.
I do not bind myself in the matter of materials but for common purposes cast
iron is perhaps as good and cheap as anything for the fender.
This Invention is applicable to Kitcheners or close ranges also and the products
of combustión pass round one Oven through the fender flue and round the other
oven to the chimney.
A damper would stop the heat off the second Oven and fender flue another
damper being drawn if the first Oven required heating.
The boiler damper serves the usual purpose and is used in the usual manner.
The fender flue may be utilized for heating plates and dishes and the like or as
a supplementary hot plate.

page_text: The date of this Specification, instead of 24th Mancu as
printed,

page_text: COMTEELE
DIECIFICATION,
"
I WILLIAM CROOK of 34 Castle Street Salisbury in the County of Wilts
Builder do hereby declare the nature of this invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
FIRE PLACES, GRATES, STOVES, RANGES AND THE LIKE AND APPLIANCES THEREFOR
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention is designed for economy and other advantages chiefly in domestic
grates, stoves, ranges etcetera although it is applicable to almost any kind of
heating apparatus having a fender and by it I am enabled to bring the heat more
forward into the room and nearer to the floor so as to more effectually warm the
feet, than can be accomplished by the ordinary stoves etectera, especially when fixed
in the wall of the room.
In the accompanying drawings Figure 1. is a front elevation of an open stove
embodying my invention Figure 2 is a sectional side elevation of the same Figure 3
is a sectional plan upon line Y. Z. Figure 2 and Figure 4. is an enlarged sectional
view of fender Figure 5 is an alternative arrangement of the same Figure 6
shows the application to a Kitchener or close range and Figure 7 is a sectional
plan of same.
A is the fire place or grate B the lump of fire clay or equivalent C the flue
which extends from the top of the lump B downwardly behind it coming out in
front at or near the floor level and to one side of the grate A. In the drawing the
grate A is shewn raised from the floor level but it can be placed lower down if
desired D is the fender, plain or ornamental which is hollow so as to form the
flue D¹ this connected in any suitable manner with the flue C at one end, its
other end being similarly connected with the rising flue E. at the other side of the
grate as is clearly shewn in the drawings. The flue E is carried upwards as shown
and has its exit into the ordinary chimney it is provided with a damper E¹ so
that the draught can be regulated from the front. The arrows show the direction
which the products of combustion take.
The fender D is by preference formed as shewn in section in Figure 4. so as to
have the open space F closed by the back H immediately above the floor, into which
the cold air which is being drawn towards the fire will rush, driving out the air,
which has previously entered and become heated, thus providing a barrier of
heated air which rises up in front of the fire and tends to check the supply of cold
air to the fire, and to make the combustion slower and therefore to economise the
consumption of fuel. The combustion may be further regulated by means of the
damper E¹. Feet D³. are provided if desired, and to facilitate the circulation of
air through the space F a diaphragm D³ can if desired be employed.
In cheap fenders however the space F may be dispensed with and in any case
the use of the diaphragm D³ is optional.
The ordinary register or lid G may be used so as to enable the Chimney to be
easily swept in the usual manner and the fender D should be movable so that it
can easily be removed and the flue D¹ cleaned at any time with an ordinary flue
brush.
When the fender is removed the flues C and E can be easily cleaned with a flue
brush at the same time.
The fender D is by preference placed as low down as possible so as to serve for
warming people's feet and also for warming the air of the room as low down as
may be.
I do not bind myself in the matter of materials but for common purposes cast
iron is perhaps as good and cheap as anything for the fender.

page_text: The application to kitchen or close ranges is clearly shewn in Figures 6 and 7
the arrows indicating the course taken by the products of combustion, from the
fire, round one oven through the fender flue, and round the other oven to the
chimney. The damper N° 2 would stop the heat off the second oven and fender
flue, the damper N° 1 being drawn if the first oven only required heating. The
boiler damper N° 3 serves the usual purpose and is used in the usual manner.
The fender flue may be utilized for heating plates and dishes and the like or as
a supplementary hot plate.
Having now described my invention and the method of carrying it into effect
I claim
1. The combination with an open or close stove, range or equivalent heating
device of a fender D through which the products of combustion pass before
escaping up the chimney, substantially as and for the purpose set forth and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. The hollow fender D forming the flue D' through which the products of
combustion pass and from which they are radiated, whereby the heat is brought
forward into the room in the manner specified.
3. The fender D having the enclosed flue D¹ through which the products of
combustion pass and the space F open in front and closed behind substantially as
and for the purpose specified and shown in the accompanying drawings.
4. The method substantially as set forth of conveying the products of combustion
over the top and down behind the lump B downwards and forwards by the flue C
and through a flue which radiates the heat and is situated in the room or space to
be warmed and thence to the Chimney.