THE VENTILATION OF DRAINS AND BUILDINGS
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 29th July, 1886.
Complete Left, 13th Aug., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 18th Feb., 1887.
I, ANDREW EDWARD BLACK, Plumber and Sanitary Engineer, 55 and 57 Academy
Street, Inverness do hereby declare the nature of my invention for THE VENTILATION
OF DRAINS AND BUILDINGS to be as follows:-
A Cowl made with large central opening at bottom so as to allow the free passage of
an up-current, the cowl being made so as to prevent the slightest down-current. It
consists of a double hood. The inner hook has around it a series of narrow upright
open slits made almost from top to bottom, each slit being surrounded by a slightly
raised rim. At the bottom of each slit is hinged a covering for the slit consisting of
an oblong piece of Mica made so as to fit into the slightly raised rim and completely to
cover each slit when closed; These coverings of mica work open and shut upon the
hinge at bottom. This inner hood is completely closed at the top-the top being flat.
The outer hood also is made with a series of upright open slits, and is fitted over the
inner hood in such a manner as to bring these slits opposite the mica coverings of the
slits in the inner hood. The mica coverings of the inner hood slits are fastened on in
such a manner that they are slightly more inclined to hang open on their hinges than to
remain closed; they thus lean open against the outer hood so that free egress is given
through the openings which they cover to any upward current. The slits in the outer
hood are somewhat narrower and shorter than the mica coverings of the slits in the
inner hood and are grooved towards the inside; thus any draught blowing into any of
the slits in the outer hood blows right against the mica covering of the slit opposite'
it in the inner hood. The very slightest draught from the outside blowing against these
nica coverings immediately closes them and the way is thus barred against the
draught getting any further. Thus while the wind or any draught may be blowing
against the slits and closing the mica valves at one part, the mica valves of the slits
opposite naturally hang open so that there is always the very fullest egress for
foul air. The top of the outer hood slopes slightly upwards to the centre, where there
is a small opening; above which there is placed a raised metal covering shaped like an
inverted capital V (A.). Through this opening any excess of foul air which can by any
possibility occur will freely escape, and at the same time it is impossible that any
downward draught can occur through it.
זוזתכזוז.
TRIADD DI CITY

page_text: I ANDREW EDWARD BLACK Plumber and Sanitary Engineer 55 and 57 Academy
Street Inverness do hereby declare the nature of my invention for THE VENTILATION
OF DRAINS AND BUILDINGS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be parti-
cularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
A cowl made with large central opening at bottom so as to allow the free passage of
an up-current, the cowl being made so as to prevent the slightest down current.
It consists of a double hood, the inner hood has around it a series of narrow upright
open slits, "a" made almost from top to bottom. Each slit being surrounded by a
slightly raised rim, "B" at the bottom of each slit is hinged a covering for the slit
consisting of an oblong piece of mica or other substance C made so as to fit into the
slightly raised rim, and completely to cover each slit when closed.
This inner
These coverings of mica work open and shut upon the hinge at bottom.
hood is completely closed at the top, the top being flat, "D." The outer hood also
is made with a series of upright open slits, "E," and is fitted over the inner hood
in such a manner as to bring these slits opposite the mica coverings of the slits in
the inner hood..
The Mica Coverings of the inner hood slits are fastened on in such a manner that
they are slightly more inclined to hang open on their hinges than to remain closed, they
thus lean open and free egress is given through the openings which they cover to any
upward current. The slits in the outer hood are somewhat narrower and shorter than
the mica coverings of the slits in the inner hood, and are grooved towards the inside.
Thus any draught blowing into any of the slits in the outer hood, blows right
against the mica covering of the slit opposite it, in the inner hood. The very slightest
draught from the outside blowing against the mica coverings immediately closes
them, and the way is thus barred against the draught getting any further. Thus
while the wind or any draught may be blowing against the slits, and closing the Mica
valves at one part, the Mica valves of the slits opposite naturally hang open so that
there is always the very fullest egress for foul air.
The top of the outer hood slopes slightly upwards to the centre, "F" where there is
a small opening above which there is placed a raised metal covering shaped like an
inverted capital V (A) "G" through this opening any excess of foul air which can by
any possibility occur will freely escape, and at the same time it is impossible that any
downward draught can occur through it.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is-
(1) That the increased opening within the ventilator induces an upcurrent.
That the mechanical action of the Mica valves exclude the possibility of a down
current.
(3) That this is an improved method of ventilating drains, and soil pipes, and is also
applicable to Public rooms, Warehouses etc.
ANDREW EDWARD BLACK.