IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARA- TION OF TURPENTINES AND VARNISHES
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Freeman, Edward Grace Freeman, and
Charles Henry Freeman, of the White Lead Works, Battersea, in the
County of Surrey, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARA-
TION OF TURPENTINES AND VARNISHES."
Sealed the 29th August 1865, and dated the 10th March 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Freeman, Edward
Grace Freeman, and Charles Henry Freeman at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 10th March
1865.
We, JOSEPH FREEMAN, EDWARD GRACE FREEMAN, and CHARLES HENRY
FREEMAN, of the White Lead Works, Battersea, in the County of Surrey, do;
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PREPARATION OF TURPENTINES AND VARNISHES," to be as follows:-
Our improvements in the preparation of turpentines, when they are to be:
used for manufacturing purposes, consist in treating them with air or ozone
by agitating them together in any convenient vessel.
in
Our improvements in the preparation of varnishes, consist in the melting of
the gum or gums employed in the making of varnishes, whatever they may be,
vacuo, adding to it or them, while in this state, drying oils, until the whole
becomes of a proper consistency; after which the usual dryers and turpentine
or other spirits are added, when the varnish or varnishes may be treated with
air or ozone, as above described.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Freeman, Edward Grace Freeman, and Charles
Henry Freeman in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th September
1865.
-
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOSEPH
FREEMAN, EDWARD GRACE FREEMAN, and CHARLES HENRY FREEMAN, of the
White Lead Works, Battersea, in the County of Surrey, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Joseph Freeman, Edward Grace Freeman, and Charles Henry Freeman, Her
special licence that we, the said Joseph Freeman, Edward Grace Freeman, and
Charles Henry Freeman, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Joseph Freeman, Edward Grace Freeman, and Charles
Henry Freeman, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PREPARATION OF TURPENTINES AND VARNISHES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Joseph Freeman, Edward Grace Freeman, and
Charles Henry Freeman, our executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Joseph Freeman, Edward Grace
Freeman, and Charles Henry Freeman, do hereby declare the nature of our
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our improvements in the preparation of turpentines, when they are to be
used for manufacturing purposes, consists in treating them with air or ozone,
by agitating them together in any convenient vessel.
Our improvements in the preparation of varnishes consists in the melting
of the gum or gums employed in the making of varnishes, whatever they may
be, in vacuo, by means of superheated steam or otherwise, adding to it or them,

page_text: while in this state, drying oils, until the whole becomes of a proper consistency;
after which the usual dryers and turpentine or other spirits are added, when
the varnish or varnishes may be treated with ozone, as above described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Joseph Freeman, Edward Grace
Freeman, and Charles Henry Freeman, have hereunto set our hands
and seals, this Ninth day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
JOSEPH FREEMAN.
EDWARD GRACE FREEMAN.
(L.S.)
(L.B.)
CHARLES HENRY FREEMAN. (L.s.)