Improvements in or connected with the Preparation of Forage or Food for Animals, and in the Apparatus used therefor.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 10th June, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 10th Mar., 1594-Accepted, 25th May, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with the Preparation of Forage or
Food for Animals, and in the Apparatus used therefor.
I, ALEXANDER BRASH, of 64 Lower Gardner Street, Dublin, Merchant, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The objects of this invention are to enable hay to be cut screened and thoroughly
mixed with any desired quantity of bruised or cracked corn or grains and put up
into bags without the aid of manual labor except that required to feed the hay
cutter and tie up the bags when full and replace them with empty one.
Secondly to provide an apparatus for removing the dust from the cut hay before
the corn or grains is or are mixed with it, and thirdly to provide a measuring
apparatus whereby a definite quantity of corn or grains may be mixed with each
bushel of cut hay.
Now according to this invention I provide a hopper to receive the corn or grains
to be mixed with the cut hay connected with this hopper is a spout which delivers
the corn or grains into a shoe pivoted at one end to the wall or any other con-
venient part of the mill or apparatus. Below the shoe is a reciprocating sieve or
riddle for sifting the grains or corn before it is crushed or cracked.
I attach one end of a cord to the sieve or riddle pass the said cord over a
pulley and secure the other end thereof to the aforesaid shoe so that the recipro-
cations of the sieve will cause the free end of the shoe to rise and fall the amount
of motion being limited by a second cord attached thereto the other end being
secured to a cleat or other fastening. By this simple means the shoe may be made
to deliver any required quantity of grains or corn into the sieve. The sifted
grains or corn is delivered into a crushing, cracking or bruising shoe machine and
from thence by means of a second shoe into a trough containing a mixing screw or
worm where it is thoroughly mixed with the cut hay and delivered into bags. The
hay from the cutter falls on a sieve, riddle, or screen which separates the dust
from it and from thence it is taken by an elevator or conveyor to the mixing
trough.
By this apparatus the whole process of crushing, bruising, measuring and mixing
are performed automatically without the aid of manual labour.
Dated this 13th day of April 1893.
FREDK. WALKER,
11, Furnival Street, Holborn, London, E.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
35 Improvements in or connected with the Preparation of Forage or
Food for Animals, and in the Apparatus used therefor.
I, ALEXANDER BRASIL, of 64 Lower Gardiner Street, Dublin, Merchant, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
10 statement
The objects of this invention are to enable hay to be cut screened and thoroughly
mixed with any desired quantity of bruised or cracked corn or grains and put up

page_text: into bags without the aid of manual labour except that required to feed the hay
cutter and tie up the bags when full and replace them with empty ones.
Secondly to provide an apparatus for removing the dust from the cnt hay before
the corn or grains is or are mixed with it and thirdly to provide a measuring
apparatus whereby a definite quantity of corn or grains may be mixed with each
bushel of cut hay.
Now according to this invention I provide a hopper to receive the corn or grains
to be mixed with the cut hay connected with this hopper is a spout which delivers
the corn or grains into a shoe pivoted at one end to the wall or any other convenient
part of the mill or apparatus.
Below the shoe is a reciprocating sieve or riddle for sifting the grains or corn
before it is crushed or cracked.
I attach one end of a cord to the sieve or riddle pass the said cord over a
pulley and secure the other end thereof to the aforesaid shoe so that the reciproca-
tions of the sieve will cause the free end of the shoe to rise and fall the amount
of motion being limited by a second cord attached thereto the other end being
secured to a cleat or other fastening.
By this simple means the shoe may be made to deliver any required quantity of
grains or corn into the sieve.
The sifted grains or corn are or is delivered into a crushing, cracking or bruising
machine and from thence by means of a second shoe into a trough containing a
mixing screw or worm where it is thoroughly mixed with the cut hay and delivered
into bags.
The hay from the cutter falls on a sieve riddle or screen which separates the
dust and cavings from it and from thence it is taken by an elevator or conveyor to
the mixing trough. By this apparatus the whole process of crushing bruising
measuring and mixing is performed automatically without the aid of manual
labour.
And in order that my said invention may be fully understood I will proceed to
explain the same with reference to the accompanying sheets of drawings in
which
Figure 1 represents cross section of a mill fitted with machinery for preparing
forage constructed and arranged according to this invention.
Figure 2 is longitudinal section of same.
Figure 3 is side elevation of measuring shoe.
Figure 4 is plan of same.
Figure 5 is end view of same.
Figure 6 is longitudinal section of hay screen.
Figure 7 is plan of same.
Figure 8 is cross section of same on line A B Figure 6.
Figure 9 is front view of same.
The same letters denote the same parts in all the figures.
A is the hay and corn store B B¹ the corn shoots the spouts C C' from which
lead to the measuring shoes G G F F are bags secured to the ends of the
spouts C C the orifice at the mouth of which may be made larger or smaller
according to the quantity of corn to be mixed with each bushel of cut hay. The
corn runs from the spouts into the mixing shoes G these shoes are caused to
oscillate about the pins H by means of strings or cords K passing over the
pulleys I. One end of the cords is secured to the shoes G and the other to the
grain riddle or screen J the amplitude of the vibration of the shoes being
regulated by the gauge strings or cords M one end of which is secured to the
shoes G and the other passed round a cleat or other fastening. At each reciprocation
of the shoes G a definite quantity of grain is thrown into the riddle or screen J
which removes all dust dirt and other impurities from the corn the said riddle being
divided into two. portions by a longitudinal partition and fitted with sieves adapted
to screen oats or brewers grains on one side of the partition and maize or beans on
the other side thereof.

page_text: The screened oats or grains are delivered into the oat bruiser D and the screened
maize or beans to the corn cracker or kibbler E N is a shoot to conduct the
dust from the riddle J to the floor below.
The riddle J is suspended by chains O in the usual way and is reciprocated by
a crank P attached to a vertical shaft the crank pin engaging with a cross bar at
about the centre of the riddle.
The crushed oats or grains from the oat bruiser and the maize or beans from
the kibbler are conveyed by shoots de to a hopper R underneath which is a
feeding shoe S which shoe is caused to oscillate about the pivot T by means of a
wiper shaft U and causing a steady stream of crushed oats or grains and kibbled
maize or beans to run into the worm box V.
W is a hay or chaff cutter the cut hay straw clover or other material from which
falls into a screen X which separates the dust and cavings or long straws or pieces
of hay from the chaff the dust being delivered down the shoot the cut hay or
chaff down the shoot and the cavings down the shoot all.
The cut hay or chaff falls into the elevator boot Y whence it is conveyed by
the elevator Z into the worm box V and there mixed by means of a broken
thread worm with the crushed grains oats beans or maize the mixed forage being
delivered into bags through the spouts V₁ V" at the opposite end of the worm
box V.
a is an agitator (driven from a pulley on the worm shaft) to keep the cut hay
or chaff loose and ensure a regular supply to the worm.
b is a shaft coupled to the shaft of the chaff cutter. The shaft b has secured
thereto three pulleys f g h of which drives the crank shaft of the hay screen
by means of the half twist belt f'g drives the hay elevator by means of the belt g¹
and h drives the mixing worm by means of the belt h¹.
The wiper shaft U is driven by a belt from a pulley on the worm shaft and is
shewn in detail at Figures 10 and 11.
Figures 34 and 5 show the measuring shoes to an enlarged scale. As will be
seen from the drawings the said shoe is in the form of a flat shovel or scoop with
a bar or rod G' across the outer end thereof to which bar are attached the strings
or cords K & M.
To the other end of the shoe is attached a piece of metal G" terminating in
an eye G through which passes the pin H. The shoes may be attached to the
wall or other convenient structure.
At each reciprocation of the riddle J the shoe is caused to move up and down
and a definite quantity of corn or grains or both thrown out from it and by
regulating the amount of lift of the shoe by means of the gauge string M any
desired quantity of corn or grains may be mixed with a given quantity of cut hay
or straw.
The screen I prefer to use for the cut hay or straw is constructed as shewn
at Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9 in the form of an oblong trough k suspended by links m
from any suitable point of support and reciprocated by a connecting rod or vods
from a crank shaft n. The screen is provided with two sieves the upper one o
being made of perforated zinc to retain the cavings while allowing the cut hay or
chaff to pass through and the lower one p of woven wire or perforated zinc to
separate the dust from the cut hay or chaff."
The dust falls through the sieve p into the dust chamber q and passes through
the orifice q into the dust shoot x.
The hay or chaff passes down the sieve p and through the orifice p¹ to the
shoot and the cavings are delivered from the end of the sieve o into a
shoot and are collected and returned preferably by means of an elevator to the
chaff cutter.
By thoroughly cleansing the forage from dust and dirt animals fed thereon are
rendered less liable to intestinal calculi than animals fed on dusty and dirty hay or
straw and the necessity for using bran mashes avoided.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In the preparation of forage mixing a definite quantity of oats grains beans
or maize with a given quantity of cut hay or other fodder by means of a measuring
shoe and mixing worm substantially as described.
2. In apparatus for the preparation of forage the measuring shoe G oscillated
by means of a string or cord K attached to the riddle J substantially as
.described.
3. In apparatus for the preparation of forage the combination with a hay or
chaff-cutter of a screen for separating the cavings and dust from the cut hay or
-chaff substantially as described.
Dated this 10th day of March 1894
FREDK. WALKER,
11, Furnival Street, Holborn, London, E.C., Agent for the Applicant.