IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS AND APPARATUS FOR HEATING HORTICULTURAL AND OTHER BUILDINGS BY THE CIRCULATION OF HOT WATER, AND IN HEATING STEAM AND OTHER BOILERS" PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick William Butt, of 112, Old George Street, in
the City of Cork, Ireland, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS
AND APPARATUS FOR HEATING HORTICULTURAL AND OTHER BUILDINGS BY
THE CIRCULATION OF HOT WATER, AND IN HEATING STEAM AND OTHER
BOILERS"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick William Butt at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th September 1878.
FREDERICK WILLIAM BUTT, of 112, Old George Street, in the City of Cork,
Ireland. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS AND APPARATUS FOR HEATING HORTI-
CULTURAL AND OTHER BUILDINGS BY THE CIRCULATION OF HOT WATER, AND IN
HEATING STEAM AND OTHER BOILERS."
.
For heating horticultural and other buildings by the circulation of hot water I
employ two boilers, one set within the other. The inner boiler is an improvement
on the old well-known saddle boiler, on the exterior it is made square on the top
in order that its upper square edges may come within 1/8th or so of an inch against
the interior of the outer boiler or against an outer setting and form divisions
between the flues along its sides and the flue over its top; it is also formed near its
back end with a tubular waterway check bridge, and at its back end the lower
part of its two sides do not extend so far back as the top of the boiler to allow heat
from the inner central fire space to pass into the side flues.
The outer boiler is similar to an ordinary saddle boiler, except that in addition
to the water space of the boiler passing over the top and down both sides there is
also a terminal end forming part of the water space. The inner boiler is placed
within the outer boiler in the manner shewn in the Drawing annexed. In this
Drawing a is the inner boiler and b the outer one; c, c, are wings on the exterior of
the outer boiler to divide the top from the side outer flues. The heated air from
the fire in the central space of the inner boiler passes at the back end of this

page_text: boiler into the side spaces between the two boilers, then to the space above the
inner boiler from whence it passes through an opening through the terminal end
of the outer boiler, and after passing along the side flues on the exterior of this
boiler it passes to the flue over its top and thence to the chimney. The "flow" and
"return" pipes of the system of hot water pipes with which these boilers are used
are each branched at their ends, one branch leading to or from one boiler and the
other to or from the other boiler, and valves are provided so that either one or other
boiler can be shut off if desired. By the employment of two combined boilers in
the manner above described greatly increased heating surface is obtained, at least
one-third more heat is obtained from the one fire using the same amount of fuel,
and heat is raised in much less time, less labour is also required, and no extra cost
entailed in setting the boilers in brickwork. Should one boiler give way it can be
shut off at once by means of its valves and the water be retained in the pipes, a new
boiler can also be put up in its place in a few hours. Or the worn-out boiler may
be allowed to remain in and be burnt away until a convenient time arrives for its
removal. Each boiler has a safety tube to guard against insufficient feed supply of
water and to prevent accidents.
In place of the boilers being set one within the other as above described, either
one or other of them may be used independently with separate settings.
In some cases I employ the waste heat of gas retort furnaces for heating the
boilers of circulating hot-water apparatus. For this purpose I place the retort
within a saddle boiler, leaving a flue space between the two, and in this flue space
I provide a fire-clay arch or protection with perforations or passages for the passage
of heat from the flue surrounding the retort to the bottom of the boiler. The above
'arrangement is also applicable for obtaining steam for driving machinery or for
cooking or other purposes.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent and of
an order of the Lord Chancellor, filed by the said Frederick William Butt in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th March 1879.
FREDERICK WILLIAM BUTT, of 112, Old George Street, in the City of Cork,
Ireland. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS AND APPARATUS FOR HEATING HORTICUL-
TURAL AND OTHER BUILDINGS BY THE CIRCULATION OF HOT WATER, AND IN
HEATING STEAM AND OTHER BOILERS."
For heating horticultural and other buildings by the circulation of hot water
I employ two boilers, one set within the other. The inner boiler is an improve-
ment on the old well-known saddle boiler; on the exterior it is made square
on the top in order that its upper square edges may come within one-eighth or so
of an inch against the interior of the outer boiler or against an outer setting, and
form divisions between the flues along its sides and the flue over its top; it is also
formed near its back end with a tubular waterway check bridge, and at its back
end the lower part of its two sides do not extend so far back as the top of the boiler
to allow heat from the inner central fire space to pass into the side flues.
The outer boiler is similar to an ordinary saddle boiler except that in addition to
the water space of the boiler passing over the top and down both sides there is also
a terminal end forming part of the water space. The inner boiler is placed within
the outer boiler in the manner shewn in the Drawing annexed.
Figure 1 is a plan in section of the two boilers, together with their brickwork
setting. Figure 2 is a vertical section of the same taken through the line a, b,
Figure 1. Figure 3 is a plan view, and Figure 4 a front view. Figure 5 shews a
side elevation of the two boilers, the outer one being in section.
A is the inner boiler; B, the outer one; C is the tubular waterway check bridge
which passes across from one side to the other of the inner boiler A, near its back
end, and D, D, are the openings formed as above described by the lower part of the
sides of this boiler not being carried so far back as the upper part of the sides; E
is the terminal end of the outer boiler, and F a flue opening through this end;
G, G, are the fire-bars; H, a dead plate in front of the bars; I, the ash-pit; J, J,
fire-place and ash-pit doors; J¹, sliding ventilator in fire-place door; K, K, cover
plates to front openings, which admit of the several flues being cleaned; L is the
flow pipe from the top of the inner boiler, and M, the flow pipe from the top of the
outer boiler; they are connected together by an H piece, as shewn at Figure 3;
N, N, are the return pipes to the bottom of the two boilers. The flow and return
pipes of each of the two boilers may, if desired, be provided with stop valves so
that if either one or other boiler got out of order it might be shut off from the hot
water pipes and removed to be set in order or replaced whilst the other boiler still
remained in use. In most cases, however, it is better for the sake of economy to set
up the boilers without such stop valves.
The heated gases from the fire on the fire-bars G pass through the side openings
D, D, from the interior of the inner boiler to the side flues or spaces between this
boiler and the outer boiler. From the front end of these flues the heated gases
enter flues formed over the exterior of the boiler and are conducted back to a
chimney O; a portion also of the gases passes through the space between the top
of the inner and outer boilers and through the flue opening F in the end E of the
outer boiler and so to the chimney.
By the employment of two combined boilers- in the manner above described
greatly increased heating surface is obtained, at least one-third more heat is
obtained from the one fire, using the same amount of fuel, and heat is raised in
much less time, less labour is also required and no extra cost entailed in setting the
boilers in brickwork. Should one boiler give way it can, if shut off valves are
provided, be shut off at once by means of its valves, and the water be retained in
the pipes, a new boiler can also be put up in its place in a few hours. Or the worn-

page_text: out boiler may be allowed to remain in and be burnt away until a convenient time
arrives for its removal. Each boiler has a safety tube to guard against insufficient feed
supply of water and to prevent accidents. A 3-inch wrought-iron tube carried up
for about seven feet from the top of each boiler will serve for this purpose.
In place of the boilers being set one within the other as above described, either
one or other of them may be used independently, with separate settings.
In some cases I employ the waste heat of gas retort furnaces for heating the
boilers of circulating hot-water apparatus. For this purpose I place the retort
within a saddle boiler, leaving a flue space between the two, and in this flue space
I provide a fire-clay arch or protection, with perforations or passages for the passage
of heat from the flue surrounding the retort to the bottom of the boiler. The above
arrangement is also applicable for obtaining steam for driving machinery or for
cooking or other purposes.
(Figure 6 shows in longitudinal section an ordinary gas retort set as above
described in the interior of a saddle boiler. Figure 7 is a cross section of the same;
in these Figures A is the retort, resting as usual on a protection of fire-tiles, through
which are openings to allow the heat from the furnace to rise up to the retort;
B is the saddle boiler; C, the fire-clay arch, with perforations through its sides
for the passage of heat from the lower part of the Blue around the retort to the
interior of the boiler; D, a flue above the boiler by which the gases pass to the
chimney. The boiler may either be provided with flow and return pipes, and serve
as the boiler of a circulating hot-water apparatus, or it might be made as a steam
boiler or boiler for heating water for other purposes as above stated.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and the manner of performing
the same, I would have it understood that I claim,――
First. The combination of the boilers A and B, substantially in the manner
herein before described, and illustrated at Figures 1 to 5 of the Drawings annexed.
‹ Second. The construction of the boilers A and B, substantially as described and
shewn.
Third. The combination of a hot water or steam boiler with a furnace and gas
retort, substantially in the manner herein-before described, and illustrated at Figures
6 and 7.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick William Butt, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eleventh day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-nine.
FRED. W. BUTT. (L.S.)