IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPES FOR SMOKING TOBACCO
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Archibald Allan Percy, of Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPES FOR
SMOKING TOBACCO."
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Archibald Allan Percy at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th June 1880.
.
ARCHIBALD ALLAN PERCY, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPES FOR SMOKING TOBACCO."
This Invention, which relates to improvements in pipes for smoking tobacco,
consists in forming the bowl of the pipe with an inner and removable bowl or
chamber for the reception of the tobacco, and with an outer bowl or chamber, from
or near the upper portion of which the smoke is drawn off. The inner bowl is
screwed or otherwise secured at its upper end to the outer bowl, and the two bowls
are so arranged relatively with each other that an annular space is formed between
them below the joint. In the back, front, or side of the outer bowl an opening is
made at the upper part of the annular space, and leading thence under the bottom
of the bowl into the stem of the pipe, which may be made in one piece with the
bowl or separately. The channel and outer contour of the stem at this part
preferably conform to the coutour of the outer bowl. Immediately below the bowl
a removable trough is or may be inserted into the stem of the pipe, the said trough
being formed at its inner part with a semi-circular or other shaped channel, and at
its outer part with a knob or other means for extracting it when desired. By so
conducting off the smoke from the inner bowl, and trapping it by means of the
trough, the access of "nicotine" into the stem and thence to the mouth of the
smoker is lessened or prevented; such of the nicotine as is not deposited in
the bottom of the annular space between the bowls being trapped or deposited in
the trough. Instead of or in conjunction with the trough a removable hollow or
other plug inserted into the stem may be used.
Another improvement having the like object consists in placing in the bottom of
the bowls of pipes constructed as herein before described or of ordinary tobacco
pipes a hollow plug, preferably dished or concave on its upper side, which is
screwed or otherwise fixed into the hollow body of the plug, and formed with a
series of openings leading into the interior. In the lower part of the hollow plug
an opening made with a vertical pipe extending upwards towards the top of the
plug is formed, through which the smoke passes either into the annular space
hereinbefore mentioned, and thence into the stem, or into the stem direct in the case

page_text: of ordinary pipes. The hollow form of the plug and the vertical tube at its lower
end causes nicotine to be trapped or deposited in the interior of the plug, from
whence it may be cleaned out as desired by unscrewing the removable upper
part.
Under another form the plug, instead of constituting a close vessel, has openings
made around its sides communicating with the bottom of the bowl, in which case
the top of the plug is or may be made in one piece with the body, and the, nicotine
intercepted passes through the openings in the sides of the plug and lodges in the
bottom of the bowl, from whence it may be cleaned out at pleasure. With this
arrangement, which is also applicable to ordinary pipes, a short tube passes
upwards from the stem into the interior of the plug, and this tube, which may be
in one piece or separate from the body of the pipe, may be straight or curved in
contour. Another form of the plug consists of a flat disc resting upon a seat made
in the pipe bowl, and formed with perforations, from which short tubes preferably
. extend downwards so as to carry the smoke below the level of the entrance to the
stem, whereby nicotine is intercepted or deposited in the bottom of the bowl.
Another part of this Invention relates to improved pipe "mounts," the object of
the improvement being also to lessen or prevent the passage of nicotine through
the mouthpiece into the mouth of the smoker. Under one arrangement this is
effected by forming the "mount," which may be made of any of the metals or
materials hitherto employed with two diaphragms, the diameter of which corre-
sponds with the interior diameter of the "mount." In each of these diaphragms a
horizontal tube is fixed, and they are so arranged relatively that the free end of
each tube approaches near or extends towards the diaphragm to which the other.
tube is secured. By this means a condensing or tortuous passage is provided for
the smoke, and the nicotine is deposited in the space in the mount enclosed
between the two diaphragms. To provide for the cleaning out of the said space the
mount is made in two pieces, which are joined together at a point between the
two diaphragms.
Under another arrangement the tubes instead of passing each other in parallel
lines are terminated short of each other, and one tube is bent upwards and the
other downwards at the free end, or the tubes may also pass each other with this
construction. For the reception of the nicotine a hollow removable bulb is screwed
on the under. side of the "mount" between the diaphragms.
The two mounts may be used separately or in conjunction, or a combination of
the two into one may be made.
made.
Another improvement relates to lids or covers for tobacco pipes, which covers
are adapted to fit any size of pipe bowl. The lid is composed of four or other
number of segments, each of which is formed with a tail piece, in which a slot is
A screw passes through these slots into a nut at the interior, and at the
exterior a disc or plate of metal is placed between the segments and the head of
the screw. By losening the screw the segments may be drawn outwards or pushed
inwards so as to widen or contract the diameter of the circle covered by the lid.
The lid is attached to the pipe by a chain, and in the improved pipes it is preferred
to make the bracket to which the other end of the chain is secured in the form of
an animal's head, the body of the animal constituting ornamentation around the
bowl, and to insert in the eyes of the animal pictorial or photographic views of
places of interest, portraits of eminent men, and the like..
Under a modification of the lid it may be adapted as a ventilator to pipes made
of merschaum, briar root, myal, or other wood, or of other like substances; by
forming or securing spikes or pins on the inner sides of the different segments;
these spikes or pins entering the rim of the bowl in such a manner as to leave free
space between it and the lid.
In the improved pipe a riper or picker is preferably placed in a chamber
immediately under the trough so as to be always at hand.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, and of
an Order of the Lord Chancellor, filed by the said Archibald Allan Percy in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 31st December 1880.
ARCHIBALD ALLAN PERCY, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPES FOR SMOKING TOBACCO."
My said Invention, which has for its object improvements in pipes for smoking
tobacco, relates, firstly, to the provision of means whereby the access of nicotine to
the mouth of the smoker is lessened or prevented, and, secondly, to new or improved
lids or covers for tobacco pipes.
Under one modification, the first of these objects is effected by forming the bowl
of the pipe double, that is to say, with an inner and removable bowl or chamber for
the reception of the tobacco, and an outer bowl or chamber from or near the upper
portion of which the smoke is drawn off. The two bowls are so arranged relatively
with each other, that an annular space is formed between them, and in the back,
:front, or side of the outer bowl a channel extends 'downwards from the upper part
of the annular space to the stem of the pipe, which may be made in one piece with
the outer bowl, or separately. By so conducting off the smoke from the inner bowl
the access of nicotine into the stem, and thence to the mouth of the smoker, is
lessened or prevented.
And in order that this and other modifications of my said Invention may be
properly understood, I have hereunto appended an explanatory Sheet of Drawings,
on which Figures 1 to 7 illustrate in vertical section different modes of conducting
off the smoke from the inner bowl a. The bowl a, which is preferably made of
clay, but may also be made of briar or other wood, merschaum, or equivalent
substances, is secured in the outer bowl b at its upper end either, as shown on the
Drawings, or by screwing the two bowls at the part c, where they fit together.
Underneath and around the bowl a below the joint a space is left between it and
the outer bowl, and the inner bowl communicates with the said space by means of
a hole or holes d, made in the bottom of it, one such hole being used by preference..
From or near the upper end of the back, front, or side of the outer bowl b, in the
pipes shown at Figures 1 to 4, the smoke is drawn off through a channel e into
the stem f. In the pipes, shown at Figures 5 to 7, from the upper part of the
bowl b the smoke passes directly into the stem f, which stems are in these cases
made of vulcanized india-rubber, bone, wood, or other equivalent material.
Under these arrangements nicotine and other oily matters contained in the tobacco
are deposited in the bottom of the bowl b, from which they can be easily cleaned.
out on withdrawing the inner bowl.
In addition to this means of trapping nicotine, a reservoir may be attached to the
stem, as seen at h, Figure 3; this reservoir consists of a bulb of vulcanized india
rubber, metal, or other equivalent material, and it may be slipped, screwed, or
otherwise secured on the nipple i in a manner easy of removal for cleaning it out.
In Figure 4 a further means of trapping the nicotine is shown, and it consists in
employing a removable trough j inserted in the stem of the pipe. The trough may
be made of bone, wood, ivory, vulcanite, or equivalent substances, and it is formed
with a semi-circular or other shaped channel on its upper side, communicating at.
one end with the vertical passage e, and at the other with the stem f of the pipe.<
Any nicotine which may pass through the channel e is trapped in the trough j, and
removed by withdrawing the trough from the rear end of the pipe.
Figures 8, 9, 10, 11, 13 and 14 of the Drawings show other means embraced by.
this Invention of trapping the nicotine without the employment of an inner bowl,
as hereinbefore described. In Figure 8 the arrangement consists in screwing or:
otherwise fixing into the bottom of the pipe bowl a vertical tube a; which is.
:

page_text: covered over by a dished or domeshaped metallic cap b. Figures 15, 16 and 17
are detailed views of the cap, which is perforated with holes c, aud on which the
tobacco rests. The cap is held in position by two side straps a, formed on or fixed
to it, and rivetted to a metallic ring e, which surrounds the upper end of the bowl.
An ordinary lid or cover f is or may also be attached to the metallic ring so as to
turn upon one of the rivets, as shown. The nicotine is deposited in the space
between the under side of the cap and bottom of the bowl, and may be removed
when the cap is withdrawn.
Figures 18 and 19 are modifications of the cap, in which the bottom bin lieu of
being dished or domeshaped is made flat, and either with a downward projecting
tube g, Figure 18, wide enough to surround the tube a, screwed into the bottom of
the bowl as before set forth, or with two smaller tubes h, Figure 19, which extend
downwards parallel to the tube a, and through which the smoke passes. With the
cap shown at Figure 18 two holes for the passage of the smoke are made in the
bottom outside the tube g, as seen at i, Figure 9, in which Figure the tube a is
screwed into position through the bottom of the bowl, and besides communicating
with the stem j, also communicates, as a further means of trapping the nicotine, with
a bulb or reservoir l, which is capable of removal.
Figure 10 shows another modification of Figure 8, wherein the cap a is or may
be made of pipe clay, and rests upon a ledge or seat formed near the bottom of the
bowl to receive it.
Figure 11 shows another arrangement for trapping the nicotine, and it consists in
the employment of a hollow clay, metal, wood, merschaum or other plug a, preferably
dished on its upper side, which is perforated for the passage of. the smoke into the
interior of the plug, where the nicotine is deposited in the lower part of the space
surrounding the vertical tube b leading to the stem, and which tube may either be
formed in one piece with the bowl, as shown, or separately, as before described.
To enable the plug to be cleaned out the top part is removable, being screwed or
otherwise fixed into the body.
Figure 20 shows in vertical section a plug of this construction, suitable for
employment in an ordinary pipe bowl.
Figure 12 shows in vertical section an improved pipe in which, for the purpose
of trapping the nicotine, an interior bowl a, preferably of clay, is employed in
conjunction with a vertical tube b, cither formed or fixed in the bottom of the outer
bowl, the nicotine and other oily matters being deposited in the space c surrounding
the tube.
Another improvement embraced by this Invention consists in trapping the
nicotine in the mount by which the mouthpiece is secured to the stem of the pipe,
instead of or in conjunction with any of the means herein before described and
shown. The improved mounts are illustrated in vertical section by Figures 13, 14,
21, 22, and 23 of the Drawings, and, as shown by Figures 13 and 14, the mount
consists of two parts, a and b, in each of which a tube or passage is formed or fixed
on or to a diaphragm d. The tubes are so arranged as to constitute a tortuous passage
for the smoke, which on passing out of the tube c, and before entering the tube c',
fills the interior of the mount and deposits the nicotine therein, whence it may be
cleaned out by withdrawing the part b.
Figure 21 shows a modification of the arrangement, wherein the tortuous passage
is composed of tubes c, curved alternately upwards and downwards at their ends in
lieu of being straight throughout, and also wherein a removable bulb or reservoir f,
slipped or screwed on a nipple formed upon the part a of the mount is employed as
an additional receptacle for the nicotine.
In order to prevent the parts a and b of the improved mounts from turning or
slipping off each other and becoming unfastened in the smoker's pocket or
otherwise, which frequently happens with mounts. as hitherto formed, either the
part a or the part b is made with a ridge or projection on its circumference, as
seen more particularly at , Figure 23, and on the end of the other part of the
mount a raised channel is formed, as seen at w, Figures 22 and 23. A portion

page_text: equal in length to the projection x is cut out of the raised channel w, as indicated
at y, Figure 23, and from the edge of the cut or break at one side towards the
upper part v, the channel is filled in with solder or other metal, or the equivalent
to act as a stop. In putting the two parts of the mount together the open part y
is placed against the projection a, and the movable half of the mount turned half
round until stopped by the solder or other filling coming in contact with the
projection x. Thus by means of the raised channel and projection the two parts of
the mount are locked together and prevented from slipping apart.
The second part of my said Invention, which relates to an improved lid or cover
for tobacco pipes, has for its object to provide a cover which will fit any size of
pipe bowl. One form of the cover is shown in plan attached to the pipe, Figure 4,
Figure 24 being a vertical section of the same. As seen by these Figures, the lid
consists of segments m, each of which is constructed with a tail piece n, wherein a
slot is made. A screw o, with a flat head p at the interior of the lid, passes through
these slots outwards to a jamb nut r, which bears upon a disc & placed above the
uppermost segment. By loosening the nut r the segments may be drawn outwards
or pushed inwards on the screw, so as to widen or contract the diameter of the
circle covered by the lid:
For pipe bowls whose upper parts are bevilled, as seen at Figure 14, it is
preferred to serrate the gripping jaws of the improved lid, as indicated at t. The
lid may either be attached by a chain to a pipe riper, as on the said Figure, or it
may be attached to a bracket specially formed on the pipe for that purpose, as at u,
Figure 4. In the latter case, for the purpose of ornamentation, the bracket may be
made in the form of a bird or animal's head with pictorial or photographic views
fitted into the eyes; and a view may also be placed in the head or knob of the
trough j, Figure 4, and of the pipe riper, Figures 4 and 14.
Under a modification of the lid it may be adapted as a ventilator, by dispensing
with the gripping or turned down parts, and forming or securing spikes or pins on
the under sides of the different segments, these spikes entering the rim of the bowl
in such a manner as to have a free space between the rim and under side of the
the lid.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and various systems or modes in or under which the same is or may be
used or practically carried into effect, I would observe, in conclusion, that although
I have on the accompanying Drawings shown my improved means of trapping the
nicotine and other impurities applied to several different forms of pipes, I do not
confine myself thereto, as it is obvious that the said Invention may with equal
facility be adapted to many other forms of pipes for smoking tobacco. Nor do I
claim in smoking pipes the use of an inner and outer bowl per se, but what I
consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to
me by the hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent is,-
First. The improved means of trapping nicotine or the like impurities in tobacco
pipes by the employment of an inner and outer bowl, in combination with a channel
leading from near the top of the outer bowl to the stem of the pipe, substantially
as herein before described, and shown at Figures 1 and 2 of the Drawings, and by
the employment of an inner and outer bowl in combination with the said channel;
and with a bulb or reservoir on the stem, substantially as hereinbefore described
and shown at Figure 3, and by the employment of an inner and outer bowl in
combination with the said channel and a horizontal trough, substantially as
hereinbefore set forth and illustrated at Figure 4 of the Drawings.
Second. The improved means of trapping nicotine and the like impurities in
tobacco pipes by the employment of an inner and outer bowl in combination with
a bent stem communicating with the upper. end of the outer bowl; substantially
as herein before described and shown at Figures 5, 6 and 7 of the annexed
Drawings.
Third. The improved means of trapping nicotine and the like impurities in

page_text: tobacco pipes, hereinbefore described and shown by Figures 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 16,
17, 18, 19, and 20 of the Drawings, or any mere modification thereof.
Fourth. The improved means of trapping the nicotine and like impurities in
pipe mounts, and the improved fastening for pipe mounts, hereinbefore described
and shown by Figures 13, 14, 21, 22, and 23 of the appended Drawings, or any
mere modification thereof.
Fifth. The improved lids or covers for tobacco pipes, hereinbefore described and
shown at Figures 4, 24, and 14 of the annexed Drawings, or any mero modification
thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Archibald Allan Percy, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty.
ARCHIBALD ALLAN PERCY. (L.S.)