Improvements in Kilns for Use in the Manufacture of Bricks', Terra-cotta Goods, Tiles, and the like.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Jan., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 26th 'Oct., 1896-Accepted, 28th Nov., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Kilns for Use in the Manufacture of Bricks',
Terra-cotta Goods, Tiles, and the like.
I, JOHN WILLIAM ORMROD of 377, Chorley Old Road, and 9, Fold Street,
Bolton in the County of Lancaster, Brickworks Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows, that is to say:-
It relates to improvements in the formation or construction of kilns of the class
known as the "continuous-action kiln" for use in the manufacture or production
of bricks, tiles, articles of terra-cotta and the like, whereby more freedom is
provided for the escape of the steam generated by the drying or burning of said
bricks etc. than has heretofore been the case with the resultant advantages incident
thereto.
In accordance with this invention a series of chambers, of the well known
arched-top construction, is arranged on each side a central flue, the openings into
which from said two series of chambers, make said flue common t> both.
Openings with their appropriately arranged dampers, are made through the
partition walls intervening between the chambers on each side of the flue, so that
the actions in each chamber may be thoroughly under control, while further
provision is made for the firing, the heated gases, smoke, burnt air, etc., from
which, being conducted by a partition or division being made in the central flue
in order that the lower portion or part thereof will form a suitable passage for
said smoke, etc., which is thereby conducted away independently of the steam.
t
From the arched-tops of the chambers as well as from the floors and up the
central partition walls thereof are made appropriately formed passages which lead
into the upper part of the central flue to conduct steam generated within the
chamber to a properly formed up-take or chimney through which said steam alone
escapes.
This said up-take or chimney for the steam I preferably arrange about the
middle part of the central flue, while the openings or flues leading to it are
provided with necessary and appropriate dampers so that their actions may be
thoroughly controlled.
By arranging the supplementary flues and dampers for allowing the exit of the
steam as hereinbefore described, I am enabled to use them as ordinary vents or
flues in any single one of the chambers to take away the smoke from the fires
should I set the articles therein to meet such altered conditions; by which means
I am thus enabled to use any one of said chambers as a separate or ordinary kiln
should same be required as an emergency as when any articles are to be quickly
produced.
Dated this 24th day of January 1896.
JOHN WILLIAM ORMKOD,
Per Samuel Hey,
21; Mawdsley Street, Bolton, Agent.

page_text: Improvements in Kilns for Use in the Manufacture of Bricks,.
Terra-cotta Goods, Tiles, and the like.
I, JOHN WILLIAM ORMROD of 377, Chorley Old Road and 9, Fold Street,
Bolton in the County of Lancaster, Brickworks Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to he
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is
to say:
It relates to improvements in the formation or construction of kilns of the class
known as the "continuous action kiln" for use in the manufacture or production
of bricks, tiles, articles of terra-cotta and the like, whereby more freedom is
provided for the escape of the steam generated by the drying or burning of said
bricks etc. than has heretofore been the case with the resultant advantages incident
thereto.
In order that my said invention may be more readily understood, I have
hereunto appended sheets of drawings illustrative thereof in which;
Fig. 1 is a sectional plan of a kiln made in accordance with my invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional front elevation on line A-B of a portion of the kiln shown
by Fig. 1, but drawn to an enlarged scale.
Fig. 3 is a sectional end elevation on line C-D of the kiln shown by Fig. 1,
and as seen in the direction indicated by the arrow a, this said Fig. 3 being also
drawn to an enlarged scale as compared with that of Fig. 1.
Similar letters and figures of reference indicate similar parts throughout the.
several views.
In accordance with my invention, a series of chambers b and b, of the well
known arched-top construction, is arranged on each side of a central flue c, the
openings u, u¹ and m m' leading into this flue c and part c¹ from the two series of
chambers bb make said flue c and part e¹ common to both.
Openings e e' with their appropriately arranged dampers ff are made through
the partition walls g g which intervene between the chambers 6 and 6' on each side
of the flue c, so that the action in each separate chamber 6 or 6' may he thoroughly
under control, while further provision is made for the firing by a partition h being
made in the horizontal flue c so that the heated gases, burnt air, smoke etc. from
the fires within the chambers b, b₁ may be conducted so as to pass out of said
chambers b, b, during a certain part of the process as hereinafter explained,
through the openings m, m¹ into the lower part c' of the fluc c whence it passes
into the uptake or chimney p, thus the smoke has a passage entirely clear of and
separate from the one through which the steam and vapour escape as is also
hereinafter explained.
From the arched-tops of the chambers b b as well as from the floors s and up
the central partition walls t are made appropriate passages u, u, ull and u
respectively, which lead into the upper part c of the central flue in order to
conduct the steam, vapour, heated air, etc. generated and caused to circulate within
the chambers bb' to au-appropriately formed up-take or chimney v through which
said steam, etc. escapes.
This chimney v is preferably arranged about the middle part of the flue c while
the openings or flues u, u¹, u", u leading into it are provided with necessary and
appropriate dampers w, w', woll, toll. The openings m m' leading into the part c¹
of the flue c are also provided with dampers which have handles 2 extending
out of the upper covering of the flue c as do the handles 3 of the dampers w, w,
w, w, in order that they may be of easy access to the operative.
On putting the kiln into use, which is effected in the usual and well known
munner, one chamber being fired in succession to another, the dampers/far
are all

page_text: closed as are also the dampers xx, while the dampers w, w', woll and will are opened
by which means as the moisture in the articles within the kiln is either vaporised
or turned into a gas, such moisture etc. is allowed to escape through the openings u,
u, ul, and u and out through the chimney v. On sufficient of the moisture being
thus got rid of which will be in each chamber in succession as the heat progresses,
the dampers w, wl, woll, w¹ll, are closed and the dampers xx¹ are opened so that the
whole of the smoke etc. is allowed to pass through the openings m m³ into the flue c¹
and thence out into the chimney p.
The fires in each chamber on the bars k are supplied with air through the
openings y y' while a further supply of cool air is allowed to enter the passages u u¹
when these are opened for the exit of the steam etc. by the removal of the
dampers z z¹ as occasion may require.
The supply of fuel to the interior of the chambers 6 b¹ is kept up through the
openings 4 which are covered by detachable lids to allow such object to be
carried out.
By arranging the supplementary flues u, u¹, u, u and dampers w, w¹, 2011, 2111
for allowing the exit of the steam as herein before described, I am enabled to use-
them as ordinary vents or flues in any single chamber 6 or 61 to take away the
smoke from the fire therein should I set or place the articles being treated in said
chamber to meet such altered conditions, by which means I am thus enabled to use.
any one of said chambers b or b¹ as a separate or ordinary kiln should same be
required as an emergency as when any articles are to be quickly produced or
passed through the process.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is-
1. In a kiln for use in the manufacture of bricks, terra-cotta goods, tiles and
the like, series of chambers with central flues common to both, supplementary flues-
leading into the central flues and dampers for covering or operating in connection.
with said flues in combination substantially as herein specified.
2. A kiln for use in the manufacture of bricks terra-cotta goods, tiles and the
like, formed and constructed substantially as set forth.
3. In a kiln for the manufacture of bricks and the like, a series of chambers,.
flues leading from said chambers into a chimney or uptake for taking away the
steam, vapour, and the like, and other flues leading to another uptake or chimney
so that this latter may conduct the smoke therefrom substantially as herein.
described.
Dated this 24th day of October 1896.
J. W. ORMROD,.
Per Samuel Hey,
Agent.