A 'FECTE, TRUE, AND EXACTE WAY OF MAKEING, AMENDING, AND REPAIRING OUR ROYALL HIGH WAY AND ROADES, AS ALSOE ANY OTHER PTICULAR WAIES AND PASSAGES WHATSOEVER; AND ALSOE FOR THE SPEEDY ERECTING, RAISING, NEWE MAKEING, AMENDING, AND REPAIR- ING OF THE MOUN DES AND BANCKES OF THE SEA, GREATE RIVERS, OR OTHER WATERS THAT MAY OVERFLOWE, SURROUND, OR ANY WAY ENDAUNGER THE WAIES OR ANY LANDES OR GROUNDES ADIOINEING OR NEERE TO SUCH WATERS AS AFORESAID; AS ALSOE FOR THE MAKEING, AMENDING, CLENSING, SCOWRING, SINKING, MAKING CLEANE, AND REPAIREING OF PONDES, STANCк(, DAMES, POOLES, DRAINES, RIVERS, AND ALL MANNER OF WATERCOURSES WHATSOEVER, AND THAT BY THE VSE AND HELPE OF CERTAINE STRONG WAY PLOUGHES, WAY HARROWES, LAND STEARNES, ScoWRERS, TRUNDLERS, AND OTHER STRONG AND MASSY ENGINES BY HIM INVENTED FOR THAT AND SUCH LIKE POSES
Year: 1619

page_text: JAMES, Dy
grace
Patentes shall come, greetinge.
WHEREAS our loving subiecte JOHN SHOTвOLTE, of Yardley, in the County
of Hartf, Esquier, hath by his greate travell, industry, and many chargeable
experience, invented, practized, and found out "A 'FECTE, TRUE, AND EXACTE
WAY OF MAKEING, AMENDING, AND REPAIRING OUR ROYALL HIGH WAY AND
ROADES, AS ALSOE ANY OTHER PTICULAR WAIES AND PASSAGES WHATSOEVER; AND
ALSOE FOR THE SPEEDY ERECTING, RAISING, NEWE MAKEING, AMENDING, AND REPAIR-
ING OF THE MOUN DES AND BANCKES OF THE SEA, GREATE RIVERS, OR OTHER WATERS
THAT MAY OVERFLOWE, SURROUND, OR ANY WAY ENDAUNGER THE WAIES OR ANY
LANDES OR GROUNDES ADIOINEING OR NEERE TO SUCH WATERS AS AFORESAID; AS ALSOE
FOR THE MAKEING, AMENDING, CLENSING, SCOWRING, SINKING, MAKING CLEANE, AND
REPAIREING OF PONDES, STANCк(, DAMES, POOLES, DRAINES, RIVERS, AND ALL
MANNER OF WATERCOURSES WHATSOEVER, AND THAT BY THE VSE AND HELPE OF
CERTAINE STRONG WAY PLOUGHES, WAY HARROWES, LAND STEARNES, ScoWRERS,
TRUNDLERS, AND OTHER STRONG AND MASSY ENGINES BY HIM INVENTED FOR THAT
AND SUCH LIKE POSES;" and hath, vpon triall in seuall partes of this our king-
dome of England, made manifest experience of the pffitable vse of those
engines in repairing divers high waies before that tyme very deepe and
daungerous to our people, and since appearing very beneficiall, and well
approved of the inhitantes of those places where hee hath in that kind
ymploied his travell; and nowe our said subiecte hath vndertaken vnto vs,
vpon reasonable composicon to be made with him by the inhitantes of any citty,

page_text: county, hundred, or parish chargeable with maintaineing any such waies,
moundes, and banckes, cleansing of rivers, to make, amend, and repaire such
waics, moundes, bancke, and rivers in farre better manner and at farre
easier rates then the said waies, mounde, bancke, or rivers heretofore have
beene, or by any other possible meanes, without the said engyns or the like, can
be effected; and alsoc, for like reasonable composicon, will vndertake to
keepe, maintaine, and vphould all such waies, moundes, báncke, or rivers
whatsoever as shalbe by him formly made, erected, raised, and amended in all
needfull reparacons during the tyme that such composicon shalbe duly paied
him, all which to be done with farre lesse chardges then our said people stande
liable vnto by our lawes and statutes nowe in force to be inflicted vpon them.
And alsoe vpon like agreemente and composičon to be had or made with him by
any private psons whatsoever, to make, amend, and repair any priuate waies;
moundes, bancke, pounde, stancke, dames, pooles, rivers, and watercourses, ant
that better and at farre easier rates than by any knowne waie they can be done
without the vse of his said engynes.
KNOW YE THEREFORE, that wee, tendring the weale and good of this
our kingdome of England and Wales, and considering the great inconveniences
that have and daily doe happen vnto our said people in not repairing such
waies, and restraineing such waters as nowe are dangerous and not passable,
and alsoe in suffering such mounde and bancke to decay, whereby greate losse
and danger hath and daily doeth happen to our said people, their psons, cattle,
and theire estates, and wec intending, out of our good desire, to approve,
cherishe, and encourage the industries and paines of such as labour by
pffitable and vsefull invenčons to aduaunce the good and honour of theire
countrie, as alsoe out of our roiall grace and bounty to rewarde and recom-
pence the labour, industrie, and greate expence of the said John Shotbolte,
bestowed, ymploied, and spente, and to be ymploied, bestowed, and spente in
and aboute the said Invenčons, as for dius other good causes and consideračons
vs therunto espially moving, of our espiall grace, certaine knowledge, and
meere močon, and by our prerogative roiall, have given and graunted, and
by theise sentes, for vs, our heires and successors, doe give and graunte
vnto the said John Shotbolte, his executors, administrators, and assignes, full
and free libtye, licence, power, priuiledge, autority, and yññunity, that he, they,
and everie of them, their and everic of their deputies, servauntes, workemen,
factors, and agente, and euery or any of them (and none other), shall and may
at all and everie tyme and tymes, during the tyme and terme hereafter in theise
Psentes expressed and graunted at his, their, and everie of their libties and
pleasures, vse and excise, practize, sett vpp, and putt in vre the said arte, skill,
-
:

page_text: misterie, knowledg, feate, and way of making,. mending, and repairing all or
any high waies, comon roades, priuate waies, moundes, bancke, poundes,
stancke, dames, pooles, rivers, and all manner of watercourses whatsoever, by
the meanes and helpe of the saide way plowghes, way harrowes, land sternes,
scowrers, trundlers, and other engynes, instrumentes, or deuises whatsoever by
him invented or found out as aforesaid, within our said kingdome of England
and Wales, and to make, frame, and puide, or cause to be made, framed, and
pvided such and soe manye way ploughes, way harrowes, land stearnes,
scowrers, trundlers, and other engynes, instrumentes, and deuises whatsoever
for thintent and purposes aforesaid, and in as many places of this our king-
dome of England and Wales as hee or they shall thinke fitt; and alsoe to make
composicons and agreementes from tyme to tyme during the said Pme hereafter
in theise our Lřes Patentes expressed and graunted, with any pson or psons
whatsoever, for his and their paines, coste, and travelle in that behalfe to be
susteined to his, theire, or any of theire best comodities and pffitte; to have,
hould, excise, practize, and putt in vre the said licence, litty, power, priuiledge,
autority, and yunity of the sole vseing, exciseing, practizing, setting vpp, and
putting in vre the saide art, skill, mistery, knowledge, feate, and way of making,
mending, and repairing high waies, cumon roades, or other waies, ponde,
pooles, stancke, dames, rivers, and watercourses, passage, moundes, and bancke,
by the helpe and meanes of the said way ploughes, way harrowes, land
stearnes, scowrers, trundlers, or other engynes, instrumentes, or deuises what-
soever by him, the said John Shotbolte, invented or found out as aforesaid;
and all pflitte and comodities growing and ariseing thereby, and the sole
making and framing of the saide way ploughes, way harrowes, land stearnes,
scowrers, trundlers, and other the said engynes, instrumentes, and deuises
whatsoever, vnto the said John Shotbolte, his executors, administrators, and
assignes, and to the executors, administrators, deputies, and assignes of them
and everie of them, for and during the whole tyme and terme, and to the
full end and expiracon of one and twenty yeres. nexte ensueing the date of
theise Psentes fully to be compleate and ended. And forasmuch as when the
said arte, skill, misterie, feate, knowledge, and way of making, mending, and
repaireing our roiall high waies and roades, priuate waies, passage, moundes,
bancke, ponde, pooles, stancke, dames, rivers, and watercourses, by the helpe
and vse of the saide way ploughes, way harrowes, land stearnes, scowrers,
trundlers, and other the said engynes, instrumentes, and devises, shalbe dis-
coued, comunicated, and made knowe by the said John Shotbolte, his deputies,
servaunt, workemen, factors, or agentes, it is and may be thought that many
other psons within our realmes will ymitate, vse, excise, and putt. in practizo

page_text: the said arte, skill, misterie, knowledg, feate, and way of making, mending,
and repairing of high waies, comon roades, priuate waies, passages, moundes,
bancke, ponde, pooles, stancke, dames, draynes, rivers, or watercourses, by the
helpe and meanes of the said way ploughes, way harrowes, land stearnes,
scowrers, trundlers, or other like engynes, instrumente, or devices, invented as
aforesaid by the said John Shotbolte, and may phapps add therevnto some
further newe device or invenĉon of theire owne or some other newe engyne or
instrumente which notwithstanding shall and will tend to the same endes and
vses onely which the said engynes, instrumentes, and devises already made,
found out, invented, and practized by the said John Shotbolte nowe serue for,
and by meanes or colour thereof may practize, endeavour, and goe aboute
to defraude and decciue the said John Shotbolte, his executors, administrators,
deputies, and assignes, of a greate parte of the benefitt which to the said John
Shotbolte, his executors, administrators, deputies, and assignes, by theis our Lres
Patentes of priviledge is intended, and which this his said newe founde arte,
misterie, and invencon doeth well deserue; we therefore, graciously mynding
and intending to reward and recompence long contynued travelle, labours,
industries, and greate chardges and expences of the said John Shotbolte in
this his soe good, pffitable, and vsefull a deuise, practize, and invencon, and
to the end that the said John Shotbolte, his executors, administrators, deputies,
and assignes, may receiue such benefitt, pflitt, and comodity by this our
graunte, as he may be further encouraged to peeed in the excise, practize, and
putting in vre of this arte, skill, misterie, feate, way, and knowledge of
makeing, amending, and repairéing high ways, comon roades, priuate waies,
passages, moundes, bancke, pondes, pooles, stancke, dams, draynes, rivers, and
watercourses by the helpe and meanes of the said way ploughes, way harrowes,
land stearnes, scowrers, trundlers, or other engynes, instrumentes, or deuises
by him, the said John Shotbolte, invented or found out as aforesaid, wee are
pleased and due by theise psentes declare and signifye that it is our expresse
will and pleasure, and wee doe straightly hereby chardge, phibite, and forbidd
all and everic pson and psons, of what estate, degree, or condicon soever they
.or any of them be, other then the said John Shotbolte, his executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, and his or their deputies, agentes, factors, or servaunte,
that they or any of them doe not psume, endeavour, or attempte by any arte,
.deuice, skill, feate, knowledge, or way whatsoever, directly or indirectly, to
make, amend, or repaire any high waies, comon roades, or other waies,
passages, moundes, bancke, pondes, pooles, stancke, dames, draynes, rivers, or
watercourses, by the helpe and meanes of the said way ploughes, way harrowes,
land sternes, scowrers, trundlers, or other engines, instrumentes, or device

page_text: invented or found out and practized or to be practized by the said
John Shotbolte as aforesaid, nor shall make or frame, nor cause to be
made or framed, any the saide way ploughes, way barrowes, land sternes.
scowrers, trundlers, or other enguynes, instrumente, or device invented
and found out by the said John Shotbolte as aforesaid, or any others
like vnto them, or of like vse, within our said realmes of England and
Wales during the said terme of one and twenty yeres, without the spiall
licence and autority of the saide John Shotbolte, his executors, administrators,
or assignes, but that the whole benefitt of making, amending, and repaircing
of the said high waies, comon roades, priuate waies, passages, moundes,
bancke, pondes, pooles, stancke, dames, draynes, rivers, and watercourses, by
the helpe and meanes of the saide way ploughes, way harrowes, land stearnes,
scowrers, trundlers, engynes, instrumente, and device whatsoever, as alsoe of
the making and frameing of the said way ploughes, way harrowes, land
stearnes, scowrers, trundlers, engynes, instrumente, and devices, within the
said realmes of England and Wales, and of whatsoever newe Invencon shall
or may hereafter by any other pson or psons be added thereunto, tending
to the same end and ppose, and all and overie benefitt and comodity to be
made thereby, shall remaine, contynue, and be during the said terme of one
and twenty yeres, to the sole and onely behoofe, benefitt, disposičon, and vse
of the said John Shotbolte, his exccutors, administrators, deputies, and
assignes, and to none other pson or psons whatsoever; and further, for
the consideračons aforesaid, of our espiall grace, taine knowledge, and meere
mocon, wee doe graunte for vs, our heires and successors, vnto the said John
Shotbolte, his executors, administrators, deputies, and assignes, and by theise
Psentes doe straitlý chardge, will, and comaunde that noe pson or psons, of
what estate, degree, or condičon soeuer they be or shalbe, other then the
said John Shotbolte, his executors, administrators, deputies, and assignes, or
such as shalbe by him, them, or some of them sett on worke, licenced, or
authorized shall or may at any tyme hereafter during the said terme of one
and twenty yeres by theise psentes graunted, practize, excise, sett vpp, or
putt in vre by any waies or meanes the said arte, skill, misterie, knowledge,
and feate of makeing, amending, and repaireing of the said high waies,
cōmon roades, priuate waies, passage, mounde, banke, ponde, pooles, stank(,
dāmes, rivers, or watercourses, by the helpe and meanes of the saide way
ploughs, way harrowes, land stearnes, scowrers, trundlers, engynes, instrumentes,
and deuices within the said realmes of England and Wales, or of the makeing
or frameing of the saide way ploughes, way harrowes, scowrers, land stearnes,
trundlers, engynes, instrumentes, and deuices, or any of them, in counterfeit-

page_text: And
ing any other to the like vse and purpose, vpon paine of our high displeasure
and punnyshment, by ymprisonmente and otherwise, for the contempte of our
roiall comaundmente in this behalfe, and vpon further paine of forfeiture for
everie pole of high way, comon roade, private way, passage, mounde, bancke,
ponde, poole, stanck, dame, draine, river, or watercourse soc by them made,
amended, or repayred, the sōine of tenne shillinges; and for everic way plough,
way harrowe, land sterne, scowrer, trundler, engyne, instrumente, or device
made or counterfeited as aforesaid to the said endes and pposes contraric to
the true meaneing of theise our Lies Patentes, the some of tenne pound of
lawful money of England, the one halfe of all which forfeitures shalbe
levyed and taken for vs, our heires and successors, and the other shalbe levied
and taken to the vsc, behoofe, and benefitt of the saide John Shotbolte, his
exccutors, administrators, and assignes, during the said terme, sueing and
informeing in the nanie of vs, our heirs and successors, for the same.
further, wee will and graunte by theise psentes for vs, our heires and suc-
cessors, vnto the saide John Shotbolte, his executors, administrators, deputies,
factors, and assignes, full power, libty, and lawfull autority, from tyme to
tyme and at all tymes during the saide terme of one and twenty yeres before
by theise sentes granted, by all lawfull waies and meanes to search, trie, and
finde out all offences comitted or done contrie to the true intente and meane-
ing of theise our Lřes Patentes. And further, wee will and graunte by theis
Psentes, for vs, our heires and successors, that our chauncellor of England or
keeper of the greate seale for the tyme being, our tresorer, chauncellor, and
barons of our exchequer for the tyme being, and everie of them, by force of
this our graunte, or the enrolmente thereof, in the same our courtes respec-
tiuely, at all and everie tyme and tymes hereafter during the said terme
before by theise psentes graunted, at and vpon the request of the said John
Shotbolte, his executors, administrators, deputies, factors, or assignes, shall
make and directe respectiuely vnder the seall seales of our said courtes,
paying the ordinarie fees for the same, such and soe many comission and
comissions, writt and writte, close or patente, vnto such justices of peace,
maiors, sheriffe, bailiffe; overseers of highwaies, sewares, and other officers,
of vs, our heires and successors, in such sheires, counties, citties, townes,
burroughes, and other places whatsoever within our said realmes of Englande
and Wales, as the said John Shotbolte, his executor, administrators, deputies,
or assignes, theire factors or agentes, shall at any tyme require, autho-
rizinge, comaunding, requiring, and chardging them and everie of them
respectively, diligently, and carefully to enquire of all offences done and
comitted againste our lawes and statutes in force touching the making,

page_text: amendinge, enlargeing, or repaireing of any high waies, comon roades, or other
waies and passages, as alsoe all and all manuer of offence comitted or done
by any pson or psons contraric to the true intente and meaneing of theise
our Lřes Patentes. And wee, for vs, our heires and successors, further, will
and comaund our said threasorer, chauncellor, and barons of our said courte
of exchequer for the tyme being respectiuely, that they doe all, which in
justice they may doc for the levying of the aforesaid penalties and sōmes of
money, and the punishment of such as shall offend therein as need requireth.
And alsoc, for the better execucon of this our said graunte, wee doc by theis
our Lies Patentes, for vs, our heires and successors, will and require and
straitly charge and comaund all iustice of peace, maiors, sheriffe, bailliffe,
overseers of high waies, commissioners of sewars, constables, and other our
officers and ministers whatsoever, that they be from tyme to tyme and at all
tymes during the said terme hereby graunted, aiding and assisting within their
selall places of autority to the said John Shotbolte, his executors, adminis-
trators, assignes, deputies, factors, and agentes, as well in the making of com-
posičons with such se₁all pson or psons as shalbe authorized by the inhi-
tantes of any county, citty, burrough, hundred, or parishe, within our said
realmes for and conencing the makeing, amending, or repaireing of any
high waies, comon roades, private waies, passages, moundes, banckes, pondes,
pooles, stanke, dams, draynes, rivers, and watercourses, as in assisting him
and them for competente sōmes of money with workemen, materialle, cattell,
and conveniente lodging, stabling, and horseroome, for them and everie of them,
and whatsoever elle shalbe needful for the said worke, or any of them, as alsoc
for the removeing of all bancke, poste, railes, stones, trees, or other obstackles
that be apparaunt ympedimentes and hinderaunce to the making good of any
the said waies and misses; and further, that they doe carefully and diligently
endeavour themselves that the true intente and meaneing of theise our Lřes
Patentes, soe much tending to the publique good, may be duly obserued; and
o yf in the execučon thereof they shall finde any resistance that they Etific the
same into our said exchequer, to the end the offendors may receiue condigne
punishmente for the same their offences. And moreover, wee are further
pleased and contented, and doe by theise presentes, for vs, our heires and suc-
cessors, of our more aboundaunte grace, Etaine knowledge, and meere močon,
5 graunte to the said John Shotbolte, his executors, administrators, and assignes,
that theis our Lŕes Patentes shalbe taken, construed, and adiudged in all
and cuerie our courtes of iustice to be most availeable for the said John Shot-
bolte, his executors, administrators, and assignes, against vs, our heires and
successors, notwithstanding the not describing the tainty or manner of the

page_text: working in the making and amending or repaireing of the said high waies,
comon roades, priuate waies, passages, moundes, bancke, pondes, pooles,
stanck, dāms, draines, rivers, and watercourses, or the not nameing or
describing the true forme of the said way ploughes, way harrowes, land
sternes, scowrers, trundlers, and other the said engynes, instrumentes, and
devices to be vsed and ymployed in and aboute the said workes, and notwith-
standing any other defectes and inetainties in the same, or any lawe, statute,
puision, ordinaunce, pelamačon, or restraint to the contrarie; nevertheles
our will and pleasure is, that the said John Shotbolte, his executors, adminis-
trators, and assigues shall aunswere and pay vnto vs, our heires and successors,
the yerely rente or some of five marke of lawfull money of England, into the
receite of our Exchequer at Westii, at the feast of Saincte Michaell the
Archaungell yerely, or within forty daies next after the said feast, for and
during the terme of yeres herein-before graunted, without any accompte or
other rente or thing to be to vs, our heires or successors, rendred, paied,
or done for the same; and yf it shall happen the said yerely rent of five
mark to be behind and vnpaid by the space of forty daies nexte after the said
feast wherein the same ought to be paied as aforesaid, that then and from
thenceforth this sente graunte, and everic thing therein conteined, shalbe
meerely void and of none effecte, any thing, before in theise psentes conteined
to the contrarie notwithstanding, although expresse mencon, &c.
In witness whereof. &c. Witnes ourselfe at Westin, the xxth of
Maye.
P bře de priuato sigillo, &c.