Improvements in or connected with the Manufacture or Production of Ammoniacal Salts.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Nov., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 16th Sept., 1890-Accepted, 18th Oct., 1890
PROVISIONAL SETULEICATION.
Improvements in or connected with the Manufacture or
Production of Ammoniacal Salts.
I, EBENEZER BOWEN, of Gowerton, near Swansea, in the County of Glamorgan,
Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be.as
follows:-
In the ordinary mode of driving off ammoniacal gas from the mixture of lime and
ammoniacal liquor steam is used (or sometimes direct heating by fire) which has the
objection that when the gas is passed into acids containing iron in solution or into
solutions of iron salts in the ferrous state the ammonia does not completely precipitate
the iron. The object of my invention is to overcome this objection which I do by
employing a current of air which may be previously artificially heated if desired and
which I force through the mixture in the still so that there passes off a mixture of air
and ammonia which when passed into acids containing iron in the ferrous state effects
the precipitation of the said iron leaving the supernatant liquor a clear solution of the
ammoniacal salt free from iron.
Dated this 16th day of November 1889.
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Lun Fields, London, W.C., Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with the Manufacture or
Production of Ammoniacal Salts.
I, EBENEZER BOWEN, of Gowerton, near Swansea, in the County of Glamorgan,
Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
In the ordinary mode of driving off ammoniacal gas from the mixture of alkali
(usually lime) and ammoniacal liquor steam is used (or sometimes direct heating by
fire) which has the objection that when the gas is passed into acids (such as hydro-
chloric acid or sulphuric acid) containing iron in solution, the ammonia does not
completely precipitate the iron.
The object of my invention is to overcome this objection which I do by employing
a current of air which may be previously artificially heated if desired and which I
force through the mixture in the still or appliance in which the ammoniacal gas is
generated so that there passes off a mixture of air and ammonia which when passed
into acids containing iron in solution effects the precipitation of the said irou (as
oxide of iron) leaving the supernatant liquor a clear solution of the ammoniacal salt
free from iron.
In carrying my invention into effect 1 provide the said still or apparatus with a
passage or pipe (controlled if desired by any suitable valve) for conveying air thereto
which may, if the air is to be heated, lead from any convenient air heating appliance
but to utilize the otherwise waste heat of the apparatus 1 prefer to heat the air by
drawing or forcing it through a pipe or passage in proximity to those through which
the air and gases pass from the still to the vessel containing the acid or in proximity
to the pipe or passage through which the hot liquors leave the still or in proximity to
both these pipes or passages, the air to be heated passing in a direction the reverse of
that of the hot gases or hot liquors and so whilst becoming heated cooling the said
gases and liquors. To force in the air I may use any suitable fan or air forcing

page_text: device or I may draw in the air by using an exhauster on the outlet from the vessel
containing the acid. It will be evident that the action of the air as described is due
to the oxygen which it contains, that oxygen itself would have the same effect and it
is included in the expression air but the use of air itself is of course the most
economical way of carrying out the process.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed declare that what I
claim is:-
1st. In the manufacture or production of ammoniacal salts the passing of air
through the still or apparatus in which the ammoniacal gas is set free and the passing
the mixture of gas and air into a solution of an iron salt substantially as and for the
purposes herein before described.
2nd. In the manufacture or production of ammoniacal salts the passing of air
through the still or apparatus in which the ammoniacal gas is set free and passing the
mixture of gas and air into a solution of an iron salt the said air being heated previous
to its admittance to the said still or apparatus by means of the otherwise waste heat
of the gases or liquors (or both the gases and liquors) passing from the said still or
apparatus substantially as hereinbefore described.
Dated this 15th day of September 1800.