IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CORD APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF FRINGES AND TO OTHER PURPOSES, AND IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN."
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Walmsley and Nathaniel Gerrard Pitman,
of Well Street, Falcon Square, in the City of London, Manufacturers,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CORD
APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF FRINGES AND TO OTHER PURPOSES, AND
IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James. Walmsley and
Nathaniel Gerrard Pitman at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 26th October 1864...
We, JAMES WALMSLEY and NATHANIEL GERRARD PITMAN, of Well Street,
Falcon Square, in the City of London, Manufacturers, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
CORD APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF FRINGES AND TO OTHER PURPOSES, AND
IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows:-
☐ In the manufacture of cord, according to our improvements for the manu-
facture of fringes and for other purposes, two or more threads each composed
of twisted yarn are together progressively wound upon a tube or hollow

page_text: spindle by which these threads are formed into coils of a tubular form, and as
thus formed these coils of thread pass off this tube or hollow spindle on to a
thread, which thread forms a core in the coils, and at the same time the tube
or coil of thread with this internal thread or core is twisted on to another
thread, which then becomes a general core to the whole. By these means a
novel character of cord is obtained. Two or more of such cords or parts of
one of such cords may be twisted on to each other, and used in the manu-
facture of fringes and for other purposes.
The threads wound on to tubes are supplied from bobbins carried by a
revolving plate, to which motion is given by a gut or band and the threads
forming the core in such- tube, and those of the general core are twisted
together by being held by a revolving spindle to which motion is given by a
gut or band, whilst a traversing motion is given to parts to admit of the tube
formed of the coils of thread as progressively formed being delivered on to its
core and the clearance of the cord as it is produced. These operations are
simultaneously performed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Walsley and Nathaniel Gerrard Pitman in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 26th April 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES;
WALMSLEY and NATHANIEL GERRARD PITMAN, of Well Street, Falcon
Square, in the City of London, Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto us, the said James Walmsley and Nathaniel Gerrard, Pitman, Her
special licence that we, the said James Walmsley and Nathaniel Gerrard
Pitman, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the
said James Walmsley and Nathaniel Gerrard Pitman, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CORD APPLICABLE TO
THE MANUFACTURE OF FRINGES AND TO OTHER PURPOSES, AND IN THE MEANS OR

page_text: APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN," upon the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said James Walmsley and Nathaniel Gerrard Pitman, our executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their hands and
seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Walmsley, do hereby declare.
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement thereof, that is to say:-
'
In the manufacture of cord, according; to our improvements for the manu-.
facture of fringes and for other purposes, two or more. threads, each composed
of twisted yarn, are together progressively wound upon a tube or hollow
spindle by which these threads are formed into coils of a tubular form, and.as
thus formed these coils of thread pass off this tube or hollow spindle on to a
thread, which thread forms-a core.in.the coils, and at the same time.the tube
or coils of thread with this internal thread or core is twisted on to another.
thread, which then becomes a general core to the whole. By these means a
novel character of cord is obtained. Two or more. of such cords or parts of
one of such cords may be twisted on to each other, and used in the manu-
facture of fringes and for other purposes.
The threads wound on to the tubes are supplied from bobbins carried by a
revolving plate, to which motion is given by a gut or band; and the threads
forming the core in such tube and those of the general core, are twisted.
together by being held by a revolving spindle to which motion is given by a.
gut or band, whilst a traversing motion is given to parts to admit of the tube.
formed of the coils of thread as progressively produced being delivered on to
its core, and the clearance of the cord as it is produced. These operations are
simultaneously performed.
But that the Invention may be better understood, we will by the aid of
the accompanying Drawings, proceed to describe an arrangement of apparatus
employed by us.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows an end view, Figure 2 a transverse section, and Figure 3 a
side view of apparatus with parts thereof arranged according to our Invention ; .
Figures 4, 5, and 6 show some of the parts separately full size. In each of.

page_text: the Figures the same letters are employed to indicate corresponding parts
wherever they occur.
a, à, is the framing; b, the main axis or shaft from which motion is com
municated to the various moving parts; this axis b receives motion from a
steam engine or other suitable power acting by a strap or band on the drum
or pulley 6' fixed thereon, or in some cases this apparatus may be driven by
hand power by means of a winch handle applied to the axis 6 or other suitable
axis in communication therewith; 6' is a fly or balance wheel applied to the
axis 6 to equalize its motion or the power exerted.
.
The apparatus is. supplied with several sets of parts each of which is
capable. of producing cord according to the Invention. In the side view,
Figure 3, only three sets of such parts are indicated by reason of the centre.
part of the apparatus being removed; the number of such sets of parts may,
however, be varied, and the apparatus may be arranged with like parts on its
opposite sides.
For the purpose of illustrating the action of the apparatus 'in producing
cord according to the Invention, we will confine our attention to one of these
sets of parts, and it will be understood that the description applies in like.
manner to the other corresponding parts.
The threads to form the surface coils of a cord, according to our improve-
ments are supplied from bobbins c, c, which are supported so as to be capablo.
of revolving on pins c', c', carried by the plate c³, and they are held from.
unwinding too freely by the frictional pressure, the extent of which is capable.
of adjustment by means of the set nuts c. The plate o³ is supported so as to
be capable of revolving on a stationary hollow spindle d carried by the frame a,
and this plate c³ is formed with a warve c³, by which motion is given to it so as
to carry the bobbins c, c, round the stationary hollow spindle d in manner here-
after described. The threads from the bobbins c, c, pass through eyes in the
guides c, so as correctly to lay those threads on to the point d' of the
spindle d, and thence to deliver them in coils on to the thread e, which passes
through the stationary hollow spindle d, and thence becomes the core of the.
coils. This thread is delivered in regulated quantity from a bobbin e' supported
upon a stationary pin e³; f' is another bobbin from which another thread f
is drawn off in regulated quantities to form the main or general core of the
cord, and for this purpose the thread f is guided by the bar g* and by the
pulley wheels g', 92, 93, carried by the stationary standard g, and from the
main framing so as to bring it to the point d' of the tube d, in order that the
core e with its coils of threads from the bobbins c may twist together with.
the thread f, and thereby produce the desired cord. According to the

page_text: arrangement shown, the cord as produced passes down through an eye h¹, and
thence under a pulley hª on one of the arms of a flyer h to a bobbin i.
In order that these movements may be the more readily. traced, we will
now follow the various motions as they proceed from the axis or shaft 6 to
effect the desired objects. Upon this shaft 6 are affixed the drums or
pulleys &, over each of which passes a band or gut h³, which also passes round
a pulley or warve h' affixed on the spindle h³ of the flyer h; ho are guide
pulleys to the cord h³. Upon the shaft or axis 6 is also affixed the drum or
pulley j, over which also passes the strap or band j', which also passes over,
and in the motion of the axis 6 communicates motion to the drum or pulley,³
affixed on the shaft or axis j³, upon which are applied conical pulleys c³ to
receive a gut or band c³, which also passes round the pulley or warve c³ on
the plate to communicate rotary motion to that plate. Upon the shaft or
axis 6 is also affixed the pulley or warve k, which by a gut or band k¹ com-
municates motion to the pulley or warve ³, which is capable of freely revolving
on the fixed stud k³, and has applied to or formed on it the pinion k*, the
teeth of which take into the teeth of the wheel affixed to the shaft 7',
upon which are affixed pulley wheels *, around which and the loose pulley
wheels m the threads from the bobbins e¹ and f¹ are coiled in their passage
to form cord, the quantity drawn off from these bobbins and supplied being
regulated by the motion of the pulleys *. Upon the end of the shaft /¹ is
applied the bevilled pinion 7, the teeth of which take into the teeth of the
bevilled pinion *, which is affixed on the shaft l, and this shaft l' has applied
to it the screw wheel, the teeth of which take into the teeth of the wheel n
affixed on the shaft n', and upon this shaft n' are affixed the heart-shaped
cams n, which in their revolution act on the trucks or bowls n³ carried by
the rods n* affixed to the lifting rail n³ to give a rising and falling motion
thereto and to the bobbins i for equalizing the laying on of the cord on to
those bobbins i.
Having thus described our Invention, and means which we adopt in
carrying the same into effect, we would have it understood that we do not
confine ourselves to the precise details shown and described, as these may be
varied without departing from the peculiar character of our improvements,
and in place of the cord as produced being accumulated on bobbins aided by
flyers, the end of such cord during the rotation given to it may be held, whilst
the parts forming the cord by being supported on a travelling carriage may.
be progressively caused to recede therefrom; but what we do claim is, the
manufacture of cord applicable to the manufacture of fringes and to other
purposes composed of coils upon a core, which are then twisted with another

page_text: or central or general core, and the means; or apparatus employed in such
manufacture, 'substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Walmsley, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
JAMES WALMSLEY. (L.S.)