IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PRINTING CALICO AND OTHER FABRICS, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS APPLI CABLE TO OTHER. PURPOSES WHERE RESISTANCE TO HEAT IS REQUIRED
Year: 1845

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
BURCH, of Gray Works, Macclesfield, Cheshire, Calico Printer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the the Sixth day of May, in the eighth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Joseph Burch, my exors, adiriors, and assigns, Her especial licence, full
power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Joseph Burch, my exors,
admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Joseph Burch, my exors,
adiñors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR PRINTING CALICO AND OTHER FABRICS, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS APPLI
CABLE TO OTHER. PURPOSES WHERE RESISTANCE TO HEAT IS REQUIRED;" in which
said. Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said. Joseph Burch,
shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and
by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
annear

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Joseph Burch, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to
the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon
(that is to say)—
My improvements in printing, and the novelties and Inventions connected
therewith, are as follows, videlicit:-Certain apparatus to be applied to my
patent block printing machine for the purpose of shading or rainbowing the
designs, and for certain improvements in my color boxes. Certain improve-
ments in the details of my patent block-printing machine. Certain mode of
printing designs on silk and other materials with melted wax by a machine,
the said process having hitherto been done by hand labor; it is also useful for
other descriptions of printing. Certain improvements in my punching or
mould-making machine. My Invention also consists in applying a cold water
guard or shield to my punching machine for the purpose of protecting the work-
man from the heat of the fire box. It also consists in applying a cold water
guard or shield to other purposes, when danger from fire exists, or where fire
heat is required to be resisted or avoided.
In the following descriptions and Drawings annexed reference is made to
the different Figures, and the parts referred to are marked with letters which
correspond.
I will now describe the rainbowing or shading apparatus, see Figures 1.
A is a box, is placed in my patent printing machine in the same position as
the color boxes. B is the sieve roller for furnishing the block as it passes and
repasses over its surface. C, C, C, C, C, are small color rollers; these are for
the
of distributing the color evenly on the sieve roller.
D is a
purpose
reserve roller; it is clothed with a thick blanket which absorbs the color, and
.assists in regulating the supply. E, furnishing roller; this roller receives the
color from the feeding roller, and communicates it to the sieve roller. F, set
screws for raising and depressing the rollers D and E. G, feeding roller; this
roller receives the color from the feeders. H, feeders for the purpose of
supplying the various colors or shades of colors to the feeding roller; these
feeders are flanges having a hole through the centre, and are placed upon a
mandril at required distances, according to the shading of the design, each one
working into a separate compartment of the color trough. I, color trough; it
has divisions for holding different colors, or shades of colors. J, driving
pulleys; these have several speeds for the purpose of regulating the supply of
color to the feeding rollers, according to the quantity required. K, pulley

page_text: shaft; it is to be fixed underneath the color boxes at each end of my block
printing machine. By these contrivances any or all the blocks can be shaded
with the same facility as printing in self-colors. Figures 2 is a color box, with
rollers C, C, C, C, C, C, for distributing the color on the sieve roller; these
are used instead of the brushes, as described in my former Patent; it has also
a small lever (marked L), and a regulating screw, for the purpose of adjusting
the feeding roller. Figure 3 is a presser. The introduction of a slide A is a
great improvement to the working of my machine, as it prevents friction, and
also keeps the main shaft from wearing, which it was apt to do in its vertical
action when it delivered the impression. I also have brass slides working in
the vertical guides of the block frame of my patent block-printing machine to
prevent wearing. I also drive the color sieve rollers by means of a tooth rack
fixed to one side of the traversing frame of my patent block-printing machine,
which works into a tooth wheel fixed on the traversing frame rollers.
I will now describe the parts of the wax-printing machine, see Figures 6.
A is the framework of the machine. B is a hollow metal cylinder having an
aperture at the axis for the admission of steam or hot air. This is the printing
cylinder, the object or design being fixed on the external surface; it is fed
underneath by the roller M. C, backing drum. The backing (V) passes round
this drum, and when the pieces of cloth are not required to be padded, they are
carried away along with the backing. D, receiving drum; this drum receives
the piece after it has passed through the padding trough. E, entering drum.
F, F, are stretcher bars for tightening the piece. G is the piece roller, on
which the cloth is rolled previous to its being printed. H is a friction weight,
pulley, and strap, by this means the piece roller is retarded and a proper tension
preserved on the cloth. I, I, backing rollers; the backing passes over these
rollers and carries with it the printed piece. J is a compensating rail; it is
for the purpose of raising the piece from the printing cylinder B. When it is
required it moves on an axis at each end; when the lower edge is raised the
upper edge becomes depressed, and by this means the piece is lifted from the
cylinder (B), and the tension is preserved on the cloth between the cylinder (B)
and the entering drum (E). K is a lever attached to the end of the com-
pensating rail (J), and is for the purpose of raising and depressing it. L is the
wax trough; it is provided with a chamber underneath (see O), which, being
filled with steam, keeps the wax in the upper chamber in a melted state. M
is the furnishing roller which revolves in the wax trough (L). N is the doctor
to regulate the quantity of wax required. O is a steam chamber for heating
the wax, the temperature is regulated by a cock. P, regulating screws for
raising the furnishing roller in contact with the design on the heated cylinder,

page_text: QQ, Q, Q, tooth wheels for connecting the metal cylinder (B), the backing
drum (C), the receiving drum D, and the entering drum (E), thus giving the
surface of each a simultanious movement. R, R, tooth wheels connecting the
inetal cylinder and the furnishing roller (M). S, S, spur wheel and pinion to
drive the machine. T, strap pulleys on the pinion shaft (S). U, piece to he
printed. V, backing cloth, to be rubbed with sand or chalk to prevent the soft
wax from sticking to it before it becomes hardened. W, padding trough;
after the piece has been printed in some cases it is made to pass through the
padding liquor in this trough, which, being cold, sets the wax; it is afterwards
rolled on the gathering roller Y, by the receiving drum (D). Z is the cross
frame.
IIaving now described the parts of this machine, I will next explain its
operations. The piece being rolled on the piece roller (G), the end is brought
down through the stretcher bars (F, F), and partly round the entering drum (E);
it is then passed over the compensating rail (J), the end of the lever (K) being
raised to prevent the piece from touching the printing cylinder. When the work
does not require to be padded the piece is carried under the backing drum (C),
and passes up with the backing (see dotted red line); but when padding after
printing is required it is led under the roller in the padding trough, and is
then carried on to the receiving drum (D), and rolled upon the gathering
roller Y. The machine being ready for work the end of the lever K is depressed,
which brings the piece in contact with the designs on the cylinder B, and,
passing on at the same speed as the objects on its surface, receive the impres-
sion without slurring. This machine is also applicable for other stiles of
printing, such as discharging mordants, &c.; and its novelty is in delivering
the design upon the cloth without the aid of an underneath foundation. The
combination and arrangement of this machine are also new.
I will now describe my improvements and additions to my punching machine,
the guide frame, and water shield, see Figures 5. It has been found that the
plungers, from continual exposure to the heat, become worn, and consequently
loose in the guides; I have lengthened them and fixed a guide frame above the
fire box. A is the guide frame; the top rail of this frame, as well as the cross
rail (a), have holes in them which form guides for the plungers above the fire,
which is an advantage, as I am not obliged to allow so much room for expan-
sion in the guide holes, consequently the plungers work with more truth, and
without shaking. B, B, B, B, plungers; I have lengthened them, and, instead
of making the fire box act also as a guide, as in my original machine, they are
now kept steady by the guide frame (A). C, C, C, C, are set screws, which
work into grooves in the plungers for the purpose of keeping them steady. D

page_text: grate bars, which support the fire in the fire box. E, fire-box partition, is for
the purpose of dividing the fire from the flue, and by means of this division
in the fire box the heat is made to pass twice between the plungers (see
Drawing).
This
part of
my
I will now describe the water shield or guard; it is for the
pro-
purpose of
tecting the face and hands of the workmen from the heat of the fire box; it is
made of metal and hollow, with a supply cock and tap, and an exhaust
cock at the opposite corner; it is fixed in the front of the fire box and extends
underneath it; it has holes sufficiently large to allow the heated plungers to
pass through the channels, for the cold water being cored out between the
cold water, enters at the supply cock, and, passing through and over the
internal surface, is discharged at the exhaust cock by means of this shield or
guard; although the fire box may be red hot the workman can be within a
couple of inches without inconvenience to his face. The temperature is regu-
lated by the supply of cold water, which of course must be greater than can
escape through the discharging cock, that the shield may always be kept full.
Invention is applicable to all furnace mouths where the heat
is so great that the workmen cannot remain above a few seconds without
retreating, or under any circumstances where it is an advantage to protect the
workmen from fire heat, and for this purpose the stream of cold water must be
led round the face of the furnace in form or shape as circumstances may
require, the object being to bring between the workmen and the fire a shield
of cold water. It is also applicable where danger arises from furnaces,
stoves, &c., being placed (from want of room or otherwise) in too close contact
with wood or ignitable materials; by the intervention of a cold water guard or
shield no danger need be apprehended from fire; also on board steam boats,
either in the furnace, boiler, or cooking department, by the adoption of a cold
water guard safety will be insured. Figure 4 is the internal arrangement of a
guard or shield, as fitted to my mould-making or punching machine, shewing
the holes where the plungers pass through, and the channels for the flow of
cold water; for other purposes the form and arrangement of water shields
must depend upon the situation or position in which they are required to be
placed.
Having now described my improvements and Inventions in printing, and my
mode of resisting heat, I would have it understood that I do not bind myself to
any particular size, form, or dimensions, or to any particular materials for
constructing the same; but what I claim is,-
Firstly, I claim as my Invention the various apparatus and mechanical com-

page_text: binations mentioned in this Specification in connection with the purposes to
which they are herein applied or described as being applicable.
Secondly, I claim the mode of furnishing surface blocks from seive rollers,
the said rollers being supplied with different colors, or shades of colors, and
for the particular mode of constructing the rainbowing or shading apparatus,
as herein described.
Thirdly, the mode of printing with melted wax from a cylinder, and for
printing other styles of work, by means of a machine constructed upon the
principle of that herein described as the wax-printing machine; and also for
giving impressions of designs without a resisting foundation.
Fourthly, I claim the mode of constructing a cold water guard or shield,
and appling it to my patent punching or mould-making machine, for the
purpose of protecting the workmen from the heat of the fire box, and also for
protecting the wooden mould during the time it is in the process of being
punched.
Fifthly, I claim as my Invention the application of a cold water shield or
guard, having a stream of cold water passing through and over the internal
surface, the said shield or guard being applicable to all purposes where danger
from fire exists, or heat is to be resisted or avoided.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Burch, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Sixth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-five
JOSEPH (L.s.) BURCH.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Sixth day of November,
in the year of our Lord 1845, the aforesaid Joseph Burch came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to
the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Sixth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-five.