Improvements in Steam Engines.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Sept., 1892
Complete Specification Left 28th June, 1893-Accepted, 19th Aug., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Engines.
I, EHREGATT THEODORE WINKLER, of No. 1800, Cayuga Street, in the City
of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, in the United States of America, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in steam engines of the compound or
double expansion class, the objects of my invention being to use but one cylinder
and to overcome the dead centre.
I attain these objects by the following mechanism.
The invention consists, mainly, in the combination with a steam cylinder
provided with cylinder heads; of two pistons secured at different points on two
piston rods to form a chamber within the steam cylinder, the piston rods being
connected to cross heads which are connected by rods to two cranks on the crank
shaft;
and of a piston adapted to work in said chamber and secured to a piston
rod which is connected to a cross head connected by means of a rod to a crank set
at an angle of 90° with said two cranks; and of a valve at each end of the steam
cylinder to admit steam between the cylinder beads and the pistons secured to the
two piston rods, and at or near the end of the stroke exhaust the steam from
between said cylinder heads and pistons into said chamber to cause the piston:
adapted to work therein to utilize the expansive force of the exhausted steam and
prevent a dead centre; and of an exhaust valve to exhaust the said steam from
said chamber, as shown and described.
In carrying out the invention, I use a longer cylinder than that ordinarily used,.
and fit the same with three pistons, two of which work in unison and form with
the cylinder wall an enclosed chamber in which the third piston is adapted to work.
The pistons which work in unison are fitted with piston rods which pass through:
stuffing chambers made in the third piston and are connected by cross heads and'
separate cranks to the crank shaft. The third piston is also fitted with a piston
The crank
rod which is connected by a cross head and crank to the crank shaft.
operated by the single or intermediate piston is at right angles to the cranks
operated by the connected pistons.
The three piston rods work through stuffing boxes at the same end of the
cylinder.
The cylinder is made with ports leading from the steam chest to the ends of
the cylinder and with other ports which enable communications to be made
between the ends of the cylinder and those of the said enclosed chamber, and also
between the ends of the cylinder and such chamber respectively and the main:
exhaust.
The communications through such ports are controlled by three valves adapted.
to operate in the manner aforesaid and held in position in the steam chest by the
steam in an ordinary manner; two of the valves being connected and serving to
admit live steam into the cylinder at its ends to reciprocate the connected pistons.
and to exhaust the steam therefrom into the ends of the chamber between such
pistons to reciprocate the intermediate piston, and the third valve controlling the
final exhausting of the steam from the chamber; the connected valves and the
exhaust valve being respectively operated by pivoted connections from eccentrics
on the crank shaft.
Dated this 07th dow of Contember 1809

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Engines.
I, EHREGATT THEODORE WINKLER, of No. 1800, Cayuga Street, in the City
of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, in the United States of America, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in steam engines of the compound or
double expansion class, and the objects of the invention are, first, to use but one
cylinder, and second, to overcome the dead centre.
I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying
drawings in which
Fig. 1, is a sectional side elevation of my engine.
Fig. 2, is a sectional plan.
Fig.
is a transverse sectional elévation through a, b, Fig. 1. And
Fig. 4, is a like view through c, d, Fig. 1.
a, is a cylinder which is made longer than the cylinder now used. 6, 61, 6³, are
pistons. 6, 6, 6, are the piston rods. 66, 67, 68, are the cross heads. c, c², c³, are
the connecting rods. c, c, 2, are the cranks on the crank shaft d, to which
are secured the eccentrics d', d, to operate the valves g, g', 9; valves 9, g³, being
secured to the valve stem 95, which by the pivotal connections 9' is connected to
the rod d³, of eccentric d, the valve g¹, being secured to the valve stem
by the pivotal connections g* is connected to the rod d', of the eccentric dr.
The crank o, is at right angles or quarter stroke of one revolution to the
cranks c, c, and receives motion from the piston 6', through the medium of piston
rod 6, cross head 67, and connecting rod c¹.
which
The cranks o³, o, receive their motion from the pistons b, 6, through the piston
rods b, b, cross heads 66, 68, and connecting rods c, c². The piston 63, is placed
upon the piston rods 68, 6, resting against the collars 6, 60; the sleeves 6, 61, are
then slipped on the piston rods 6, 7, against the piston 6; piston b, is then placed
on the piston rods 6, 6, against the sleeves 61, 613, and is secured by the
nuts 6, the sleeves hold the pistons 6, 6, apart, forming the chamber h, in
which piston 6, works. The piston rods b, b, are packed at 61, 61, where they
reciprocate through the piston 6', also at the cylinder head a', at a*, a', in the
usual manner, the piston rod 6, is also packed at, and at the cylinder head a',
at aº.
The valves g, g, are enclosed in a steam chest and held in position by the steam 3
in the ordinary manner, live steam is admitted into the cylinder a, at its ends a³, aª,
by the valves 9, 9', to reciprocate the pistons 6, 6, and is exhausted from there
into the ends h, h, of the chamber h, to reciprocate the piston 6', by the same
valves.
The valve gl, is also enclosed in a steam chest and held in position by steam as 4
aforesaid, and controls the final exhausting of the steam from the chamber h,
through the exhaust port 7.
The operation is as follows:-Upon steam being admitted by the valve 9, into
the end a', of the cylinder a, it forces the piston b, forward: as the piston 6³, is
secured to the same rods as is the piston b, both pistons move in unison: the 4
eccentric d, closes the valve g, at its live steam side and opens it on its exhaust
side to admit the steam from the ends a*, of the cylinder a, into the end h¹, of the
chamber h, between pistons 6, 61: the steam being confined by the action of valve g,
expands, forcing both pistons b, and 6', forward. The valves g', 9, allow the steam
from end a, of the cylinder a, and end ³, of chamber h, to exhaust through the 5
port the cranks c³, c, are on the dead centre; crank c', is at an angular
relation thereto and is being pushed forward by the action of the steam exhausted
into chamber h, so as to prevent a dead centre.

page_text: The positions of the valves change, valve g³, is just admitting live steam into
end at, of cylinder a, to force piston 6, backward to finish the stroke: valve g¹,
opens to allow the steam to exhaust from the end h³, of chamber h: valve 9, is
wide open allowing the steam from end a³, of cylinder a, to exhaust and expand
into end of chamber h, to force piston ¹, forward, thereby utilizing the
expansion of the exhausting steam, this movement continues until the cranks have
accomplished a half revolution.
The valves g, gg, have also been moved to admit and exhaust the steam at the
end a, of cylinder a, and end, of chamber h, at the end a³, of cylinder a, and
h', of chamber h; the valve g³, has closed its live steam side and is just opening
its exhaust side to admit the steam into the end ³, of chamber h, to cause the-
steam to expand against the piston 6', to force it backward to complete the
revolution in the same manner as the first half revolution was made, each half
revolution being a repetition of the previous half revolution.
Thus I avoid a dead centre, obtain a smooth and regular motion and utilise the
exhaust steam.
I do not confine myself to the valve construction shown, as any kind of valve
used for a steam cylinder can be employed: nor to the construction of the several
parts as they can be greatly varied without departing from the spirit of my
invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare, that what I
claim is :-
1. In a steam engine, the combination of a steam cylinder provided with cylinder
heads and valves to admit and exhaust steam, two pistons secured at different
points on two piston rods, forming a chamber between said two pistons, and a
piston secured to a piston rod and adapted to work in said chamber, substantially
as set forth.
2. In a steam engine, the combination of a steam cylinder provided with
cylinder heads, two pistons secured at different points on two piston rods to form a
chamber, a piston secured to a piston rod and adapted to work in said chamber,
valves to admit steam into the cylinder at its ends and exhaust said steam at or
near the end of the stroke into said chamber to cause the piston therein to utilize
the steam so exhausted, and an exhaust valve, substantially as set forth.
3. In a steam engine, the combination of a steam cylinder provided with cylinder
heads, two pistons secured at different points on two piston rods to form a chamber
within the steam cylinder, said two piston rods being connected to cross heads, the
cross heads connected by means of connecting rods to two cranks on the crank
shaft, a piston to work in said chamber and secured to a piston rod which is
connected to a cross bead and the cross head connected by means of a connecting
rod to a crank which is set at an angle of 90° with said two cranks, a valve at
each end of the steam cylinder to admit steam between the cylinder heads and the
pistons secured to the two piston rods and at or near the end of the stroke, exhaust
the steam from between said cylinder heads and pistons into said chamber to cause
the piston adapted to work therein to utilize the expansive force of the exhausted
steam and prevent a dead centre, and an exhaust valve to exhaust the said steam
from said chamber, substantially as shown and described.
Dated this Eighth day of August A.D. 1893.
Witnesses:
ALLEN H. GANGEME.
GEORGE W. LEETZE.
EHREGATT THEODORE WINKLER.
Day, Davies & Hunt,
321, High Holborn, W.C., Patent Agents.