IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLS WITII VERTICAL RUNNERS FOR GRINDING PAINT OR OTHER OLEAGINOUS PIGMENTS AND FOR OTHER SUBSTANCESAL SP
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Taylor Crook of Stanley Iron Works Bolton in
the County of Lancaster Engineer Millwright and Ironfounder for an
Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLS WITII VERTICAL RUNNERS FOR GRINDING
PAINT OR OTHER OLEAGINOUS PIGMENTS AND FOR OTHER SUBSTANCES
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Taylor Crook at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patonts on the 3rd August 1883.
THOMAS TAYLOR CROOK. of Stanley Iron Works, Bolton in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, Millwright and Ironfounder. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLS
WITII VERTICAL RUNNERS FOR GRINDING PAINT, OR OTHER OLEAGINOUS PIGMENTS,
AND FOR OTHER SUBSTANCES.”
This invention has for its object principally the grinding of pigments, usually in
a liquid menstruum, such as oil; and is also applicable for grinding other
substances, such as, Clay, Mortar, Concrete, Cement, Manure, Deodorisers, Barks,
Chocolate and others.
The apparatus in its general construction resembles a mortar grinding mill,
being provided with a revolving pan, or a stationary pan, and two edge runners,
made of hollow metal or otherwise. In this kind of grinding mills the great evil
is that when paint or other oleaginous substances are being ground, it is found
that owing to the slippery nature of the material, that the friction between the
edge runners and the pan or its contents, is so far reduced as to produce what is
termed "skiding," thereby the grinding process ceases, causing considerable delay
and attention.
My invention consists in producing a constant and certain revolving motion of
the edge runners under all circumstances, which I accomplish, by placing on the
vertical pan shaft, a bevel wheel working into bevel wheels firmly secured to the
bosses or otherwise of the edge runners, and which as the vertical shaft revolves
with the pan, the edgo runners are driven with it, either at the same speed or at
varying speeds as required, according to the material or substance to be ground;
thereby ensuring grinding without having to depend on the friction to produco
the motion of the edge runners.

page_text: The revolving pan is placed as usual on a vertical shaft, on which is fixed a
bevel wheel working into a pinion, by which it is driven from the engine, or other
power, or by manual power in mills of small size. The pan when required for
grinding oleaginous substances, such as paint, is truly turned inside, in which
revolves the edge runners, truly turned to a true face: the edge runners are
carried on the usual eye shaft, which is provided at the ends with a slide block
working in the slides provided for them in the sides or standards, thus allowing
them to slide up and down, according to the nature of the material under
operation.
In paint mills the top of the slides are provided with adjustable stops, to
prevent the eye shaft and rollers rising too-high, thus ensuring the perfect
working of the bevel wheels on the rollers and that on the pan shaft. In another
way I overcome this by placing in the pan shaft a float key or keys, on which the
bevel wheel slides up and down with the eye shaft, being carried by suitable
connections, thus keeping the wheels always in their correct position for working,
which will be found necessary when grinding substances, such as Clay, Mortar,
Concreto and others previously described.
In order to prevent the mass being rolled into a flat cake, and to break or stir it
up thoroughly, I attach to the framing of the mill a crossbar, on which is carried
,suitable scrapers, which operate on the face and sides of the edge runners, as well
as scrapers or plough-shares which break up or push the material being ground
under the edge runners as the pan revolves.
In using this mill for grinding Cocoa and other edibles where an intimate
mixture of materials is required, I use granite edge runners provided with suitable
_bosses to admit of the bevel wheels, and rotated at a speed suitable for such
materials.
--
-
--
In some cases I make the edge runners of "chilled iron or steel," as in the
grinding of some chemicals this may be necessary.
Although, too, this mill is designed chiefly as a paint mill, it may be used in
Chemical or Metallurgical Works to obtain an intimate mixture of materials in the
manufacture of Chloride of Aluminium and other processes.
The novelty of this invention is, that a positive motion of the edge runners is
produced under all circumstances, whatever kind of material is being ground.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Thomas Taylor Crook in the Patent Office on the 2nd February
1884.
THOMAS TAYLOR CROOK, of Stanley Iron Works, Bolton in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, Millwright and Ironfounder. IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLS WITH
VERTICAL RUNNERS FOR GRINDING PAINT OR OTHER OLEAGINOUS PIGMENTS, AND
FOR OTHER SUBSTANCES.'
"
This invention has for its object principally the grinding of pigments usually
in a liquid menstruum such as oil and is also applicable for grinding other
substances such as Clay Mortar Concrete Cement manure Deodorisers Barks
Chocolate and others
The apparatus in its general construction resembles a mortar grinding mill being
provided with a revolving pan or a stationary pan and two edge runners, made of
hollow metal or otherwise. In this kind of grinding mills the great evil is that
when paint or other oleaginous substances are being ground it is found that owing
to the slippery nature of the material that the friction between the edge runners
and the pan or its contents is so far reduced as to produce what is termed
'skiding" thereby the grinding process ceases, causing considerable delay and
attention
"
My invention consists in producing a constant and certain revolving motion to
the edge runners under all circumstances which I accomplish by placing on the
vertical pan shaft a bevel wheel working into bevel wheels firmly secured to the
bosses or otherwise of the edge runners and which as the vertical shaft revolves
with the pan, the edge runners are driven with it, either at the same speed or at
varying speeds as required, according to the material or substance to be ground,
thereby ensuring grinding without having to depend on the friction to produce the
motion of the edge runners
The revolving pan is placed as usual on a vertical shaft, on which is fixed a bevel
wheel working into a pinion, by which it is driven from the engine or other power,
or by manual power in mills of small size. The pan when required for grinding
olenginous substances, such as, paint, is truly turned inside, in which revolves tho
edge runners, truly turned to a true face. The edge runners are carried on the
usual eye shaft, which is provided at the ends with a slide block working in the
slides provided for them in the sides or standards, thus allowing them to slide up
and down, according to the nature of the material under operation.
In paint mills the top of the slides are provided with adjustable stops to prevent
the eye shaft and rollers rising too high, thus ensuring the perfect working of the
bevel wheels on the rollers and that on the pan shaft
In another way I overcome this, by placing in the pan shaft a float key or keys,
on which the bevel wheel slides up and down with the eye shaft, being carried by
suitable connections, thus keeping the wheels always in their correct position for
working, which will be found necessary when grinding substances, such as, Clay,
Mortar, Concreto, and others previously described.
In order to prevent the mass being rolled into a flat cake, and to break or stir it
up thoroughly, I attach to the framing of the mill a cross bar, on which is carried
suitable scrapers, which operate on the face and sides of the edge runners, as well
as scrapers or plough shares. which break up or push the material being ground
under the edge runners as the pan revolves
In using this mill for grinding Cocoa and other edibles where an intimate
mixture of materials is required,. I use granito edge runners, provided with

page_text: suitable bosses to admit of the bevel wheels, and rotated at a speed suitable for
such materials
"
In some cases I make the edge runners of "chilled iron or steel, as in the
grinding of chemicals this may be necessary.
Although, too, this mill is designed chiefly as a paint mill, it may be used in
Chemical or Metallurgical Works to obtain an intimate mixture of materials in the
manufacture of Chloride of Aluminium and other processes
In order that my invention may be more fully understood, I will now proceed
to describe the drawings upon the sheets hereunto annexed, the saine letters
of reference being used throughout all the figures, to indicate the same or
corresponding parts of my invention.
Fig. 1 is an elevation of an ordinary grinding mill with vertical runners with
my improvements applied; a, is the revolving pan; b, the edge or vertical runners;
c the eye shaft; d, the frame sides; e, the top stay frame; f, the pedestals for
carrying the shaft g; m, the pinion which gears into and works the spur wheel n
on the vertical pan shaft i; h, the strap pullies for driving the mill with belting,
which may be substituted with any other kind, such as rope gearing, or by
providing an engine coupled to the end of the shaft g
My invention consists principally in placing the bevel wheel Z on the revolving
boss or on the shaft i, by which it is driven; the bevel wheel gears into and
works the bevel wheels on the bosses c¹ of the edge runners b, being firmly secured
by ordinary keys or set screws, by which they receive a certain and positive motion
when the mill is in motion, thus dispensing with any uncertainty through the
reduction of friction when grinding oleaginous pigments or slippery materials
In fixing my improvements to a mill with a revolving pan it will be readily seen
that to revolve the edge runners b, in the same direction as the pan propels them.
the driving wheel must be placed on the bottom sido as shewn in Fig. 1. The
wheels are made of equal ratios or of varying ratios, the latter being preferable as it
gives the edge rollers ba-quicker.mction than that imparted by the pan a, which
greatly facilitates grinding, thus enabling them to lick in the oleaginous matter
when directed in quantities by the guides or plough shares 1, placed in the pan a.
for the purpose of guiding the matter or substance being ground under the rollers b.
The rollers or edge runners b, are carried on the eye shaft c, the latter being
provided at the ends with the slide blocks o, working in the slides p on the frame
sides d, thus allowing the rollers to rise in case any hard substance is in the
material being ground, thereby ensuring its passing under the rollers or edge
runners b, by which crushing is performed. To prevent the slides, eye shaft and
rollers rising too high and disengage the wheels and the adjustable screw
stops r, are provided and placed immediately over the slide blocks o, being fixed on
the standards or frame sides d, thereby ensuring the correct working of the bevel
gearing driving the rollers.
In small inills where the weight of the rollers are insufficient to crush or grind
the materials under operation perfectly, the top side of the slide blocks o, are
provided with the india-rubber buffers 8, over which are placed the metallic plates t,
the latter being operated upon by the adjustable stops 7, shewn fully in Fig 6.
By this application a constant yielding pressure is imparted to the rollers thus
compensating for light rollers. To compensate for the oscillation caused by the
rising and falling of the rollers, the teeth of the bevel wheels k and are made
sufficiently long, being set deep in gear when the rollers rest on the pan bottom.
When my improvements are used in connection with mills for grinding Clay,
Mortar, Concrete or other analogous substances, whereby the oscillation of tho
rollers b, is greatly increased through the unevenness of the materials being ground,
the vertical shaft i is provided or fitted with the float key or keys n, on which is
placed loosely the bevel driving wheel & having the boss provided with the groove
or recess w, in which is placed the circular stay or crossbar x, by which the wheel is
held in position to the eye-shaft c, by the adjustable stays y, which causes the
wheel Z, to rise and fall along with the driven wheels k and the eye-shaft c, thus

page_text: maintaining the correct position for the wheels when working, which is shewn
fully in the enlarged scale drawing in Fig. 5.
For the purpose of directing or conducting the materials to be ground under
the rollers b, when revolving, is provided the scrapers or plough shares 1, carried
by suitable means, such as, bolts or stays, from the crossbars 2 and 3. Which are
firmly secured to the brackets 4 from the frame sides d. When oleaginous inatter
is being ground it is liable to stick to the face and sides of the rollers b, in
which case the scrapers 5 and 6 are carried and supported on the crossbars 2, thus
clearing them and dropping the liquid or other materials again into the pan
Fig. 4 is an elevation of my improvements applied to a grinding mill, wherein
the pan for receiving the material or substance to be ground is stationary, the
rollers b, and the eye-shaft c, being propelled by the vertical shaft i, in which case
to revolve the edge runners or rollers b, in the direction the motion imparts to them
when revolving on the bottom of the stationary pan a, the driving wheel must be
placed above the eye shaft c, which is the reverse to that shewn in Fig. 1 in the
case of a revolving pan
To protect the bevel gearing driving the edge rollers b, from contact with the
substance or material under operation, they are cased or covered over with the
metallic box or cover 7 in Fig. 1
Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a mill designed for grinding paint and other
oleaginous materials, with my improvements applied.
Having thus stated the nature of my invention, and described the mode of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to
the exact or precise details of the parts, I have shewn and described as the samo
may be varied or modified without departing from the principle of my invention,
but what I claim and desire to be secured to me by Letters Patent is :-
First. Actuating tho vertical edge runners or rollers in mills for grinding paint
or oleaginous pigments and other substances automatically, thus effecting a positive
motion, substantially as and for the purposes herein described and shown on the
drawings, or any mere modification thereof.
Second. The use and construction of the adjustable and yielding stops for the
purpose described and set forth.
In witness whereof I the said Thomas Taylor Crook have hereunto set my hand
and seal this twenty-eighth day of January in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty four.
AVIAD ΑΠΟΛΙΣ
TAYLOR. CROOK (1.5.)