Improvements in or connected with Pumps.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 8th May, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 5th Feb., 1891-Accepted, 14th Mar., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Pumps.
1, JOHN HORNSBY CARRUTHERS, of Hamilton Street, Polmadie, in the County
of Renfrew, North Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this inven
tion to be as follows, that is to say :-
My said invention has for its object the constructing of pumping apparatus in an
improved manner and so as, whilst applicable for various purposes, to be specially
suitable for pumping chemical or corrosive liquids. My invention also comprises
improved valve details applicable to various kinds of pumps.
In carrying out my invention I employ any suitable known arrangement of cylinder
and piston or equivalent apparatus, worked by any suitable kind of motor to act on
water or other suitable liquid which liquid hereinafter termed the operating liquid
acts on the outside of a vessel of vulcanised rubber or other suitable flexible material.
The flexible vessel may be in the form of a pipe length with or without a spheroidal
enlargement at its middle, and with an inlet check valve at one end and a discharge
check valve at the other end. Or the flexible vessel may be of a spheroidal or
globular or other simple form with a single opening which communicates with a valve
chamber provided with inlet and discharge check valves. The flexible vessel is
placed in a casing in which the operating liquid acts on it and the pump plunger or
piston acting on the operating liquid may work in the same casing or in a separate
casing or cylinder close to or at any convenient distance and connected by a pipe.
A single primary cylinder and piston may be arranged to cause a liquid to operate
on two flexible vessels one end of the cylinder being in communication with the
easing of one flexible vessel, and the other end with that of the other flexible vessel,
so that when one flexible vessel is compressed the other expands and rice rerai. The
chemical or other liquid to be pumped enters the flexible vessel when it expands
and is forced onwards when it is compressed.
When the inlet and discharge check valves are applied in one chamber or casing.
provision is made for getting at or removing both through a single door above or
beyond the discharge check valve. This improvement is applicable with rubber or
other flexible valves or with any valve which has to be supported on a grating. A
removable grating is provided for the upper or outer valve, and the parts are pro-
portioned so that the lower or inner valve can be taken out through the seat aperture
of the upper or outer valve when the grating of the latter has been removed. The
removable grating is locked in its place by a pin or key which is itself locked by
the spindle of the valve guard.
Dated this Seventh day of April 1890.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Pumps.
I, JOHN HORNSBY CARRUTHERS, of Hamilton Street, Polmadie, in the County
of Renfrew, North Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say :--
My said invention has for its object the constructing of pumping apparatus in an

page_text: improved manner and so as, whilst applicable for various purposes, to be specially
suitable for pumping chemical or corrosive liquids,
In carrying out my invention I employ any suitable known arrangement of
cylinder and piston or equivaleni apparatus, worked by any suitable kind of motor
to act on water or other suitable liquid which liquid, hereinafter termed the operating
liquid, acts on the outside of a vessel of vulcanised rubber or other suitable flexible
material. The flexible vessel may be in the form of a pipe length by preference
with a spheroidal or other enlargement at its middle, and with an inlet check valve
at one end and a discharge check valve at the other end. Or the flexible vessel
may be of spheroidal or globular or other simple form, with a single opening which
communicates with a valve chamber provided with inlet or discharge check valves.
The flexible vessel is placed in a casing in which the operating liquid acts on it,
and the pump plunger or piston acting on the operating liquid may work in the
same easing or in a separate casing or cylinder close to or at any convenient distance
and connected by a pipe.
On an accompanying sheet of explanatory drawings I show by way of example a
convenient and satisfactorily working modification of apparatus embodying my
improvements, Figure, 1, being a horizontal section and Figure, 2, a vertical section,
whilst Figure, 3. is a vertical section of part of the apparatus as provided with
check valves differing from those shown in Figure. 2. In these drawings the same
reference letters are used to mark the same or like parts wherever they are
repented.
The parts are contained in a casing comprising a middle body part, A, aeross
which there is formed a pump cylinder. B. and two semi-cylindrical parts, (', which
are bolted to the middle part, and form with parts of it chambers, D. E. These
chambers, D, E, communicate by passages, F. G, one with one end of the pump
cylinder, B, and the other with the other end therent. A piston, H. worked by a
rol, J, passing out through a stuffing box, is made to reciprocate in the cylinder. B,
and, the casing being filled with water or other suitable liquid the reciprocation of
the piston alternately forces the liquid into and withdraws it from the chambers. D, E,
forcing it into one chamber when withdrawing it from the other. In each
chamber, D, E, there is fixed by means of flanges formed on its ends a vessel, K, L,
made of vulcanised rubber and having its middle part (when unstrained or
unpressed) of a spheroidal form. Inlet check valves, M, are applied at the lower
ends of the rubber vessels, K, L, and discharge check valves, N. are applied at
their upper ends, these valves as well as the flanges of the rubber vessels being
held between the casing, A, C, and tubular castings, P. made with flanges for
the attachment of pipes. The castings, P, which are lined with vulennised rubber
are fixed by pinching screws, Q, screwed through lugs or brackets, R, some of them
on the part, A, and some on the part, C, of the casing an arrangement which
allows of the parts, C, being removed without disturbing any other parts. In each
rubber vessel, K, L, there is fixed a perforated tube, S, of hard rubber or other
suitable material to prevent the rubber vessel from collapsing unequally when acted
on by the water pressure on its outside and for the purpose of preventing it from
expanding unequally an external perforated shell may be applied, or longitudinal
ribs
may be cast in the casing, A, C, of shapes to suitably limit the outward move-
ment of each part of the rubbar vessel. The inlet and discharge check valves, M, N,
shown in Figure, 2, are of the kind known as Perreaux valves. Ordinary ball
valves, T, U, are shown as applied in Figure, 3; 1 do not, however, make any
claim in respect of the valves.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The improved pumping apparatus in which a liquid acted on by a reciprocating
piston in a cylinder is, in one or more chambers, made to alternately press upon and

page_text: be withdrawn from one or more vessels of rubber or other suitable material, the
fluid to be pumped passing into and from the interior of the flexible vessel or vessels
through check valves, substantially as hereinbefore described.
Dated thin outh das of February 1891
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.