Improvements in Means for Preventing Screws, Nuts, Bolts and other :::: like Parts from becoming Unfastened.
Year: 1898

page_text: Improvements in Means for Preventing Screws, Nuts, Bolts and other
:::: like Parts from becoming Unfastened.
A communication by JEAN PIERRE SERVE, of Quai de Cuire, Lyons, in the
Republic of France, Engineer.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street, Manchester,
both in the County of Lancaster, 118, New Street, Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, and 322, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:--
This invention relates to improvements in means for preventing screws, nuts,
bolts and other like parts fitted in metals from becoming unscrewed or turning
after they are placed in position.
It consists essentially in forming either in the head of the screw or bolt, or
in the nut, a recess hole or groove suitably arranged, and then forcing by means
of a punch the metal of the screw or the like into a notch formed in the metallic
part on which the tightening or locking is effected so that any movement of
rotation becomes impossible.
In the application of the invention for preventing a screw with countersunk
head from becoming unscrewed or loosened, the head of the screw is provided
with a small recess, hole or groove formed by stamping or in any other suitable
manner. In use the screw is screwed fully down in order to bring it to the
position which it is finally to occupy. A mark is then traced opposite the recess
or groove after which the screw is removed and a sort of notch or inclined groove
formed opposite the mark. The screw is then again replaced in such a way
that the recess or groove stands above the notch. A punch of oval section is
then forced into the hole so that the metal of the head of the screw is forced into
the notch. The kind of spur which is thus formed on the screw head prevents
it becoming unscrewed.
It must be understood that in place of a single recess or groove formed in
the head of the screw, several may be formed if deemed useful, a corresponding
number of notches being also made.
In the operation hereinbefore described it was necessary to first put the screw
in place in order to determine exactly the place where the notch was to be made.
the screw being then removed in order to form the said notch and again replaced
in order to be definitely fixed by forcing the metal into the notch. In order
to avoid this drawback a series of notches may be formed in advance all around
the circumference by stamping or any other suitable means. Under these condi-
tions when the screw is screwed down to the bottom, the metal of the screw jo
forced by means of a punch into the corresponding notch and it is not neces-

page_text: sary as explained in the preceding case to remove the screw in order to form the
notch at the place corresponding to the recess or groove in the head of the screw.
When the invention is applied for preventing a nut from becoming loose or
unfastened one or more holes are formed in advance in the nut. The nut is
then tightened until it occupies its final position. There is then formed in the
metal on which the nut presses, a mark in front of the hole. The nut is then
unscrewed in order to form the notch in front of the line and the nut is then
replaced so that the hole stands above the notch and with a punch of oval
section the metal of the nut is forced into the notch, the spur thus formed pre-
venting it becoming unscrewed. It will be seen that it is possible to prepare in
advance by stamping or other suitable means a series of notches etcetera arranged
all around the entire circumference. When the nut is screwed to the bottom
it is sufficient by means of an oval punch forced into the hole to expand or force
the metal of the nut into the corresponding notch. In this case the upper
edges of the notches are formed extremely close together. so that the metal of
the nut forced back by the punch will always engage in the nearest notch.
When a washer is interposed between the nut and the metallic plate or piece.
of metal on which the nut is to be fixed, instead of forming notches in the piece
of metal they may be made in the washer. The nut is then fastened on the
washer in the manner herein before indicated for fastening the nut on a piece
of metal. In order to prevent the washer from turning, one or more grooves
are formed in the metal on which it rests, and one or more spurs on the washer
to engage in the corresponding grooves or notches.
This invention is also applicable to the heads of bolts for preventing them
turning when the nuts are tightened. In this case, one or more holes or
recesses are formed in the heads of the bolts and a number of notches are arranged
in the metallic surface with which the nuts are in contact in such a way as
to enable the metal of the head of the bolt to be forced into any one of said
notches to prevent any movement of rotation.
It should be pointed out that it is advisable to form in advance below the head
of the bolt one or more spurs or studs, and at the same time to form in the
metal on which the head of the bolt rests, a corresponding number of notches
in which the said spurs or studs may engage, taking care that they correspond.
exactly one with another.
It is evident that the holes, channels or recesses intended to be ovalised can
be formed in any direction or inclination which appears suitable, more parti-
cularly they can be formed V shaped or horizontal, or passing from one side of
the head of the piece to the other. A button headed screw may have the hole
traversing its head horizontally from one side to the other.
Deted th: 100 1
improvements in Means for Preventing Screws, Nuts, Bolts and other
like Parts from becoming Unfastened.
A communication by JEAN PIERRE SERVE, of Quai de Cuire, Lyons, in the
Republic of France, Engineer.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of the Agency for Foreien
Talent WAHAT
T

page_text: both in the County of Lancaster, 118, New Street, Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, and 322, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in means for preventing screws, nuts,
bolts and other like parts fitted in metals from becoming unscrewed or turning
after they are placed in position.
It consists essentially in forming either in the head of the screw or bolt, or
in the nut, a recess hole or groove suitably arranged, and then forcing by means
of a punch the metal of the screw or the like into a notch formed in the metallic
part on which the tightening or locking is effected so that any movement of
rotation becomes impossible.
The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying draw-
ings, in which
Figure 1 is a vertical section showing the application of this invention to a
screw with countersunk head;
Figure 2 a plan view of the engagement hole for the screw showing the
notches into which the metal of the screw is forced;
Figure 3 an elevation partly in section showing the application of this in-
vention for preventing a nut becoming loose:
Figure 4 a plan view of the part on which the nut locks, showing an indica-
tion of the notches;
Figure 5, a section on an enlarged scale on the line. Y Y of Figure 4;
Figures 6 and 7 vertical section and plan respectively showing the application
of the invention when a washer is interposed between the nut and the metal
on which the tightening or locking is effected:
Figures 8 and 9 vertical section and plan view respectively showing the
application of the invention for preventing a bolt from turning and
Figure 10 an elevation showing a particular method of applying the inven-
tion to a screw with a projecting or button head.
In the application of the invention shown in Figures 1 and 2 for preventing
a screw with countersunk head from becoming unscrewed or loosened, the head
of the screw is provided with a small recess, hole or groove a formed by stamp-
ing or in any other suitable manner. In use the screw is screwed fully down in
order to bring it to the position which it is finally to occupy. A mark b is then
traced opposite the recess or groove a after which the screw is removed and a sort
of notch or inclined groove c formed opposite the mark b. The screw is then
again replaced in such a way that the recess or groove a stands above the notch c.
A punch of oval section is then forced into the hole a so that the metal of the
head of the screw is forced into the notch c. The kind of spur which is thus
formed on the screw head prevents it becoming unscrewed. On the left hand
of Figure 1, the notch c is shown formed but the metal of the head of the screw
not yet forced into it and on the right hand of the same figure the metal of the
screw is shown forced into the groove.
It must be understood that in place of a single recess or groove a formed in
the head of the screw, several may be formed if deemed useful, a corresponding
number of notches being also made.
In the operation herein before described it was necessary to first put the screw
in place in order to determine exactly the place where the notch was to be made,
the screw being then removed in order to form the said notch and again replaced
in order to be definitely fixed by forcing the metal into the notch. In order to
avoid this drawback, as shown on the right hand of Figure 2, a series of
notches c¹³ may be formed in advance all around the circumference by
stamping or any other suitable means. Under these conditions when the screw
s screwed down to the bottom, the metal of the screw is forced by means of a

page_text: punch into the corresponding notch and it is not necessary as explained in the
preceding case to remove the screw in order to form the notch at the place
corresponding to the recess or groove a in the head of the screw.
When the invention is applied for preventing a nut from becoming loose or.
unfastened as shown in Figures 3 and 4 one or more holes a are formed in
advance in the nut. The nut is then tightened until it occupies its final posi-
tion. There is then formed in the metal on which the nut prèsses, a mark 6 in
front of the hole a as shown in Figure 4. The nut is then unscrewed in order
to form the notch c in front of the line 6 and the nut is then replaced so that
the hole a stands above the notch e and with a punch of oval section the metal
of the nut is forced into the notch, the spur thus formed preventing it becoming
unscrewed. It will be seen in Figure 4, that it is possible to prepare in advance
by stamping or other suitable means a series of notches cl cc3 c etcetera arranged
all around the entire circumference. When the nut is screwed to the bottom it
is sufficient by means of an oval punch forced into the hole a¹ to expand or force.
the metal of the nut into the corresponding notch. In this case as shown in
Figure 5 the upper edges of the notches are formed extremely close together so
that the metal of the nut forced back by the punch will always engage in the
nearest notch.
When a washer M, Figures 6 and 7 is interposed between the nut and the
metallic plate or piece of metal on which the nut is to be fixed, instead of form-
ing notches in the piece of metal they may be made in the washer M. The
nut i then fastened on the washer in the manner hereinbefore indicated for
fastening the nut on a piece of metal. In order to prevent the washer from
turning, one or more grooves d are formed in the metal on which it rests, and
one or more spurs e on the washer to engage in the corresponding grooves or
notches.
This invention is also applicable to the heads of bolts for preventing them
turning when the nuts are tightening and this is shown in Figures 8 and 9.
In this case, one or more holes or recesses are formed in the heads of the bolta
and a number of notches are arranged in the metallic surface with which the
nuts are in contact in such a way as to enable the metal of the head of the bolt
to be forced into any one of said notches to prevent any movement of rotation.
It should be pointed out that it is advisable to form in advance below the
head of the bolt one or more spurs or studs, and at the same time to form in
the metal on which the head of the bolt rests, a corresponding number of notches
in which the said spurs or studs may engage, taking care that they correspond
exactly one with another.
It is evident that the holes, channels or recesses intended to be ovalised can
be formed in any direction or inclination which appears suitable, more particu-
larly they can be formed as shown in Figure 8 horizontal, or passing from one
side of the head of the piece to the other as shown in Figure 10. A. button
headed screw may have the hole traversing its head horizontally from one side
to the other as shown in Figure 10.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is:--
1. The method of preventing screws with countersink heads from becoming
unscrewed consisting in forming one or more recesses, holes or grooves in the
head of the screw and one or more notches in the countersunk hole of engage-
ment in order that the metal of the screw may be compressed or forced into
said notch or notches by means of a suitable punch, substantially as herein-
before described.
2. The method of preventing nuts from becoming unscrewed which consists
in forming one or more recesses, holes or grooves in the nut and one or more

page_text: notches in the article against which the nut is to be screwed so as to enable the
metal of the nut to be forced into the said notches by means of a suitable punch
substantially as described.
3. The method of preventing nuts from becoming unscrewed where a washer
is employed between the nut and the article against which it is screwed, con-
sisting in forming one or more recesses, holes or grooves in the nut and one or
more notches in the washer and forcing the metal of the nut into the notches of
the washer by means of a punch, said washer having one or more projections
or spurs which engage in notches formed in the metal with which it is in con-
tact, thus preventing the washer turning, substantially as described.
4. The method of preventing bolts from turning consisting in forming one
or more recesses holes or grooves in the heads of the bolts and forming one or
more notches in the metal in contact therewith and by means of a suitable
punch forcing the said metal of the head of the bolt into the notches, and the
application of a similar method to any similar articles for preventing them
turning, substantially as described.
Dated thin 6th day of Januam 1800
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents.