IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GAUGING CARBON FILADIENIS TYLISE Од VIDED ARTICLES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Mortimer Evans, of Wemyss Bay, in the County of
Renfrew, North Britain, Civil Engineer, for an invention of IMPROVEMENTS
"
LETTERS PATENT to Mortimer Evans, of Wemyss Bay, in the County of
Renfrew, North Britain, Civil Engineer, for an invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN
APPARATUS FOR GAUGING CARBON FILADIENIS TYLISE Од VIDED ARTICLES,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Mortimer Evans at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th March 1882.
MORTIMER EVANS of Wemyss Bay in the County of Renfrew, North Britain,
Civil Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GAUGING CARBON FILAMENTS,
WIRE OR OTHER ARTICLES
"
In the manufacture of incandescent electric lamps it is important that the carbon
filaments in all the lamps which are to be actuated by electricity from the same
source of supply should be of one uniform thickness or gauge; the process of
gauging or testing the thickness as hitherto followed is slow and tedious and can
only be efficiently performed by practised persons.
Now the primary object of my Invention is to construct an apparatus by which
the gauging of the filaments can be rapidly performed by persons of little or no
experience.
The Invention essentially consists in the employment of a movable jaw between
which and a fixed jaw or stop the filament to be gauged is held, the greater or
less proximity of the movable jaw to the fixed jaw, as determined by the thickness
of the filament, regulating the angle or position of a mirror which reflects a pencil
or beam of light upon a screen marked off as a scale. The particular point of the
screen to which the light is reflected indicates the gauge or thickness of the
filament.
The manner in which my Invention may be carried into effect is as follows:-
To a vertical spindle I attach a mirror and to a disc on this spindle I fix a movable
jaw. The spindle with the mirror disc and movable jaw is free to be moved
partly round on its axis by means of a spring when an inclined projection or cam
which takes into a notch in the disc allows it to do so. This inclined projection or
cam is carried by a spring rod which can be moved partly round on its axis by

page_text: th
means of a lever or otherwise. The normal position of the movable jaw is aay 1
of an inch more or less from a fixed jaw or stop. The mirror is contained within a
case or box having an opening, fitted or not with a lens through which a pencil
or beam of light from a slit passes so as to impinge upon the mirror which reflects
it upon the screen or scale.
The gauging is effected as follows:-The filament to be gauged is placed
between the movable jaw and the fixed jaw; the spring rod is then moved partly
round on its axis so that the inclined cam or projection frees the disc; the disc is
then caused by its spring to revolve together with the movable jaw, spindle and
mirror until the said jaw comes against the filament. As the position of this jaw
is determined by the thickness or gauge of the filament, and as the position of the
mirror corresponds with the position of the said jaw the particular point of the
screen or scale upon which the light is reflected by the mirror at once shows
the gauge. As soon as the spring rod is freed it returns to its normal position and
while it does so the inclined projection or cam acts against the notch of the disc
and therefore causes the disc, spindle, mirror, and movable jaw also to return to
their respective normal positions, the apparatus being thus ready for gauging
another filament.
Although this apparatus has been specially designed for gauging carbon filaments
for electric lamps it can also be employed for gauging wires or other fine articles
the gauging or measuring of which requires great delicacy.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Mortimer Evans in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 14th September
1882.
MORTIMER EVANS of Wemyss Bay in the County of Renfrew, North Britain,
Civil Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GAUGING CARBON FILAMENTS,
WIRE OR OTHER ARTICLES
"3
In the manufacture of incandescent electric lamps it is important that the
carbon filaments in all the lamps which are to be actuated by electricity from the
same source of supply should be of one uniform thickness or gauge; the process of
gauging or testing the thickness as hitherto followed is slow and tedious and can
only be efficiently performed by practised persons.
Now the primary object of my Invention is to construct an apparatus by which
the gauging of the filaments can be rapidly performed by persons of little or no
experience.
The invention essentially consists in the employment of a movable jaw between
which and a fixed jaw or stop the filament to be gauged is held, the greater or less
proximity of the movable jaw to the fixed jaw, as determined by the thickness of
the filament, regulating the angle or position of a mirror which reflects a pencil or
beam of light upon a screen marked off as a scale. The particular point of the
screen to which the light is reflected indicates the gauge or thickness of the
filament.
One manner in which my Invention may be carried into effect is as follows:-
To a vertical spindle I attach a mirror and to a disc on this spindle I fix a movable
jaw. The spindle with the mirror, disc and movable jaw is free to be moved
partly round on its axis by means of a spring when an inclined projection or cam
which takes into a notch in the disc allows it to do so. This inclined projection
or cam is carried by a spring rod which can be moved partly round on its axis by
means of a lever or otherwise. The normal position of the movable jaw is
Bayth of an inch more or less from a fixed jaw or stop. The mirror is contained
within a case or box having an opening, fitted or not with a lens, through which a
pencil or beam of light from a slot passes so as to impinge upon the mirror which
reflects it upon the screen or scale.
1
Figures 1 to 5 of the accompanying drawings represent an apparatus constructed
as just described. Figure 1 is an elevation. Figure 2 a plan or top view, and
Figure 3 a vertical section on the line 1 - - 1 of the apparatus. Figure 4 is a
front view, and Figure 5 an inverted plan of the mechanism, a is the case or box
having an opening b (which with a plain mirror should be fitted with a lens)
through which a pencil or beam of light passes so as to impinge upon the mirror.
c is the mirror; it is attached to a spindle d which is pivoted in an adjustable
step e carried by a bracket f. On the spindle d is a disc g on which a movable
jaw h is fixed by means of screws ii; this jaw h projects through an aperture k in
the cap of the case; the bracket f is supported by this cap. m is a spring fixed
at one end to a screw or pin n on the disc and at the other end to a screw or pin o
on the cap; this spring tends to pull the disc g together with the spindle d,
mirror c and jaw h partly round on their axis. p is an inclined projection or cam
taking into a notch q in the disc g; this cam is carried by a spring rod r which
can be moved partly round on its axis by means of a lever 8. t is a screw pin
taking into a circular groove in the rod r to prevent it moving endways. u is a
fixed jaw or stop fixed to the cap 1 by screws. In the normal position of the parts
the movable jaw is th of an inch more or less from the fixed jaw u, this position
of the parts being maintained by the cam p holding back the disc g against the
pull of the spring m. The cap carrying all the parts seen in Figures 4 and 5 can
l

page_text: be lifted out of the case and can be adjusted axially therein so as to bring the pencil
or beam of light to zero on the screen or scale. When thus adjusted the cap is fixed
by the screw v.
The gauging is effected as follows:-The jaws being open the filament to be
gauged is placed between the movable jaw h and the fixed jaw u; the spring rod r
is then moved partly round on its axis by means of the lever s so that the inclined
cam or projection p frees the disc q; the disc q is then allowed by its spring m to
revolve slowly together with the movable jaw h, spindle d and mirror c until the
said jaw h meets and rests against the filament. As the position of this jaw h is
now determined by the thickness or gauge of the filament, and as the position of
the mirror corresponds with the position of the said jaw, the particular point upon
which the line of light is reflected by the mirror on the screen or scale at once
shews the gauge or size of the material which separates the jaws of the instrument.
As soon as the rod r is freed its spring (being of greater power than the spring m)
returns it to its normal position and while it does this the inclined projection or
cam pacting against the notch q of the disc therefore causes the disc, spindle,
mirror and movable jaw also to return to their respective normal positions, the
apparatus being thus ready for gauging another filament.
Figures 6 to 10 represent another modification of my apparatus in which the
movable jaw is actuated by a weight, all springs being dispensed with. Figure
is a side elevation, Figure 7 a plan, Figure 8 a longitudinal section, and Figure 9
an end elevation of the apparatus Figure 10 is a transverse section of the inner
case which carries the mechanism. Letters of reference the same as those in
Figures 1 to 5 indicate corresponding parts. The movable jaw his carried by an
'arm g¹ on a horizontal spindle d to which the mirror c is fitted. w is a weight
attached to the spindle d so as to maintain the jaw h against the fixed jaw or
stop u; the spindle has pivots which are supported by anti-friction bearings e¹ el
fitted in the ends of the inner case ; this case has an opening y at top through
which the spindle d and the parts which it carries can be inserted or withdrawn.
This case is pushed into a case a' in the outer case a and is prevented turning by
the slot and screw z. The apparatus is adjusted to zero by turning the case a'
axially in the case a and then fixing it by screws vv.
Although my improved apparatus has been specially designed for gauging carbon
filaments for electric lamps it can also be employed for gauging wires or other fine
articles the gauging or measuring of which requires great delicacy.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed I declare that I claim :-First, Constructing apparatus for
gauging carbon filaments, wire, or other fine articles, with a movable jaw and a
fixed jaw or stop between which the article to be gauged is held, the greater or
less proximity of the two jaws, as determined by the thickness of the article,
regulating the angle or position of a mirror, which reflects a pencil or beam of
light upon a screen or scale, and thereby indicates the gauge of the article,
substantially as herein before described.
Second, The gauging apparatus constructed as shewn in Figures 1 to 5 and acting
in the manner herein before described.
Third, The gauging apparatus constructed as shewn in Figures 6 to 10 and acting
in the manner hereinbefore described.
In witness whereof I the said Mortimer Evans have hereunto set my hand
and seal this thirteenth day of September One thousand eight hundred and
MORTIMER EVANS. (L.S.)