Improvements in Flexible Junctions for Rigid Sections of Pipes.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Sept., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 22nd May, 1900-Accepted, 30th June, 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Flexible Junctions for Rigid Sections of Pipes.
I, PIERCE OCKENDEN, of the Coach and Bell Hotel, Romford, in the County
of Essex, Publican, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
:-
My invention relates to flexible junctions for metal and other pipes, and which
are intended more particularly for use where short sections of more or less rigil
pipes are united by flexible connections so as to form a continuous length capable
of being used as a suction pipe, or otherwise, as is common with the pipes used
by publicans to connect their engines with the barrels in their cellars.
It is usual to form each of the ends of each of the sections of rigid pipe with
a flange or iim or other annular expansion and up till now these have been thrust
into the junction pieces formed of short pieces of rubber tubing and there secured
by a binding of copper wire, wound over the rubber, and drawn tight by twisting
the ends together
Now it is found in practice that such junctions are troublesome to repair or
renew, especially when, as frequently happens, one of them gives way while
business is proceeding or otherwise the pipe is being used, causing vexatious
delay and loss of time in removing the wie binding and replacing the damaged
rubber junction with another and re-binding with wire,-morcover the tightly
bound copper wire tends to destroy the rubber and very materially shortens the
life of the junction
Now my invention comprises such a change in the construction of the rubber
junction pieces as will render wire binding unnecessary in ordinary cases, and
also comprises the use of a sciew ferrule or binder preferably made of wire, which
can be readily taken off one and applied to another junction
According to my invention-I make the rubber junction pieces of considerable
thickness at and about the centre, and tapering externally towards each end, so
that at the ends they are comparatively thin, and internally the diameter 18 the
same or nearly so throughout By this means the rubber is caused to cling so
closely to the metal piping that without any further attachment the junction may
be hent and will stand all ordinary and fair usage without the pipes separating.
In order to provide for cases in which the apparatus may have to stand a greater
strain I use conical screw ferrules or ferrules formed of moderately rigid wire.
wound so as to form a conical helix of inclination corresponding with that of
the rubber junction pieces, and of a pitch of thread. or convolution, adapted for
the material, and such feules I place on the length of pipe before the rubber
junction pieces are applied, and when these are put on, the ferrules are drawn
over and rotated, so as to screw them well on to the tapering ends of the rubber
tubing which is thereby absolutely secured against being drawn off the flange
at the end of the pipe
It will be readily understood that my invention will be of great convenience
and advantage to publicans and others using such pipes by reason of the less
liability to become deranged as compared with those hitherto in use, the muh

page_text: greater facility with which a broken or defective junction can be removed and a
new one substituted, and in the saving of time and trouble in manipulating
such pipes generally, which pipes it will be understood are applicable to many
other purposes besides the one to which I have more particularly referred
Dated the Fust day of September 1899.
Improvements in Flexible Junctions for Rigid Sections of Pipes.
I, PIERCE OCKENDEN, of the Coach and Bell Hotel, Romford, in the County
of Essex, Publican, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement.-
My invention relates to flexible junctions for metal and other pipes, and which
are intended more particularly for use where short sections of more or less rigid
pipes are united by flexible connections to as to form a continuous length capable
of being used as a suction pipe, or otherwise, as is common with the pipes used
by publicans to connect then engines with the banels in their cellais
It is usual to form each of the ends of each of the sections of rigid pipe with
a flange or 11m or other annular expansion and up till now these have been thrust
into the junction pieces formed at short pieces of rubber tubing and there secured
by a binding of copper wire, wound over the rubber, and drawn tight by twisting
the ends together
Now it is found in practice that such junctions are troublesome to iepan or
enew, especially when, as frequently happens, one of them gives way while
business is proceeding or otherwise the pipe is being used, causing vexatious
delay and loss of time in removing the wire binding and replacing the damaged
rubber junction with another and re-binding with whe-moreover the tightly
bound copper we tends to destroy the rubber and very materially shortens the
life of the junction
Now my invention comprises such a change in the construction of the rubber
junction pieces as will render wie binding unnecessary in ordinary cases, and
also comprises the use of a sciew ferrule or binder preferably made of wue, which
can be readily taken off one and applied to another junction
According to my invention-I make the rubber junction pieces of considerable
thickness at and about the centre, and tapering externally towards each end, so
that at the ends they are compara….vely thin, and internally the diameter 18 the
same or nearly so throughout By this means the rubber is caused to cling so
closely to the metal piping that without any further attachment the junction may
be bent and will stand all ordinary and fan usage without the pipes separating
In order to provide for cases in which the apparatus may have to stand a greater
strain I use conical screw feules or ferrules formed of moderately rigid wire
wound so as to form a conical helix of inclination corresponding with that of
the rubber junction pieces, and of a pitch of thread, or convolution, adapted for
the material, and such feules I place on the length of pipe before the rubber
Junction pieces are applied, and when these are put on, the ferrules are drawn
over and rotated, so as to screw them well on to the tapering ends of the rubber
tubing which is thereby absolutely secured against being drawn off the flange
at the end of the pipe.
In the accompanying drawings Fig 1, 18 a side elevation of one of my improved

page_text: 3
junction pieces; Fig 2, is an end view, and Fig 3, a longitudinal section of the
same; Fig 4, 18 an elevation of two lengths of rigid pipe connected by one of the
junction pieces Figs. 5, 6 and 7 are different forms of ferrules for fixing junction
pieces on the pipe more securely and so that the junctions will resist greater
strain than they otherwise would
A, is the rubber junction piece the internal diameter of which is equal or
nearly so throughout, but the external diameter of which is greatest in its central
portion b, and tapers towards each end c, the extremity being turned back or
thickened so as to form a ing which strengthens the edge and prevents its
being easily torn.
E, E, are two lengths of rigid pipe such as are commonly used by publicans and
others the ends of which are each of them formed with an annular projection f
which serves to render the junction more secure
When a junction is to be made between two such lengths of pipe one of the rubber
junction pieces A 18 drawn over the two adjacent ends as shown in Fig 4, and
this without any binding or other additional fixing, makes a sufficiently secure
Joint for many purposes, because the thin ends of the junction piece adjust them-
selves closely to the surface of the pipe and cling thereto in a manner, and with
an effect, that a junction piece of equal diameter throughout (as they have been
hither to made) will not accomplish.
If however the pipe is likely to be roughly disturbed, as is sometimes the case
in the beor cellar, or if liquid is to be forced through the pipe under pressure
instead of being diawn through, or otherwise greater security is desired, this 18
obtainable by the use of one or the other of the kind of ferrules illustrated in
Figs. 5, 6 and 7
Fig 5, is a piece of fauly ngid iron wire bent so as to form a slightly conical
screw thread as represented in the diawings and which is shown attached to a
Junction in Fig 4 In order to apply such screw ferrules two of them are placed
on each length of pipe before the rubber junctions are fitted on, and after these
latter have been adjusted the screw ferrules are pushed on to the rubber and then
rotated screw wise until they grip the rubber firmly and somewhat compress it.
Fig 6, 18 a view, the upper part in elevation and the lower part in longitudinal
section, of a very similai sciew ferrule, but made of tubulai sheet metal, the
screw thread in which may be produced by pressure in a die
Fig 78 a plain 11ng ferule which may be used instead of a screw ferrule
but which is a trifle less secure
I find it convenient and advantageous to make the junction pieces with a portion
of then outes surface roughened by a series of minute papulae as shown in the
drawings, and they may also be made with a screw thread y formed in the rubber,
to correspond with that of the ferrules, as represented on the left half of the
junction piece represented in Fig 4, but this is not necessary as the rubber vields
readily to the pressure of the screw, which as it 18 screwed on becomes partially
imbedded in the rubber, as is represented on the right hand half of the junction
piece in Fig 4.
It will be readily understood that my invention will be of great convenience
and advantage, to publicans and others using such pipes, by reason of the leas
liability to become deranged as compared with those hitherto in use, the much
greater facility with which a broken or defective junction can be removed and
a new one one substituted, and in the saving of time and trouble in manipulating
auch pipes generally which pipes it will be understood are applicable to many
other purposes besides the one to which I have more particularly referred.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim 18-
(1) Flexible junctions for rigid sections of pipe substantially as hereinbefore
donorihod

page_text: (2) As a new article of manufacture rubber junction pieces for rigid pipes such
junction pieces being of greatest thickness in the middle part and tapering towards
cach end substantially as and for the purpose herembefore described and set
forth
(3) A pipe for the transmission of fluid formed of short lengths of rigid pipe
having an annular expansion at each end and joined together by rubber junction
pieces of considerable thickness in the central portion and tapering externally
so as to be thin towards each end and with or without ferrules substantially as
described and shown in the drawings
(4) For the purpose of uniting lengths of rigid pipe, rubber junction pieces of
greatest thickness in the central portion and becoming thinner towards each end
and with the external surface roughened substantially as shown in the drawings.
(5) Rubber junction pieces for uniting short lengths of gid pipe, such
junction pieces being of considerable thickness in the cential portion and tapering
so as to be thin towards the ends and being formed towards each end with a screw
thread corresponding in pitch and character with that of a screw ferrule therefor
substantially as hereinbefore descubed and illustrated in the accompanying
diawings