IMPROVED. APPARATUS OR MACHINERY FOR SCOURING AND HULLING. GRAIN AND SEEDS
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Smith, junior, of Belper, in the County
of Derby, Miller, for the Invention of "IMPROVED. APPARATUS OR
MACHINERY FOR SCOURING AND HULLING. GRAIN AND SEEDS."
Sealed the 18th September 1868, and dated the 24th March 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Smith at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,,o
the 24th March 1868..
I, RICHARD SMITH, junior, of Belper, in the County of Derby, Miller;.
5 do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED>
APPARATUS OR MACHINERY FOR SCOURING AND HULLING GRAIN AND SEEDS," to.
be as follows:-
This improved apparatus consists in placing bars or rods of iron or
other suitable material in the interior of a wire gauze or other suitable

page_text: openwork cylinder or case in which there are brushes made by
preference with wire in lieu of bristles set upon radial or other
arms or frames, the ends of such brushes pressing against the interior
of the said wire gauze or openwork cylinder or case.
The object
in adopting the said bars
the said bars or rods being to form a series of
projections in the interior surface of the cylinder or case, which pro-
jections may be of various transverse sections, such as semicircular,
triangular, or otherwise, and the said projections which constitute the
main features of my Invention are for the purpose of preventing the
grain or seeds being carried round the comparatively smooth surface of
the wire gauze as heretofore, whereby I obtain the scouring action of the
brush which is otherwise nullified by the simultaneous motion of the
grain.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Richard Smith in the Great. Seal Patent Office
on the 22nd September 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
SMITH, junior, of Belper, in the County of Derby, Miller, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Richard Smith, Her special licence that
I, the said Richard Smith, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Richard Smith, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel

page_text: Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS OR
MACHINERY FOR SCOURING AND HULLING GRAIN AND SEEDS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Richard Smith, my executors or admi-
nistrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patont
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS OR
MACHINERY FOR SCOURING AND HULLING GRAIN AND SEEDS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Richard Smith, my executors or admi-
nistrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Lotters Patont
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Smith, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This improved apparatus comprises the construction in the interior of
a wire gauze or other suitable openwork cylinder or case of bars or rods
of iron or other suitable material, such openwork cylinder or case being
provided with brushes made of wire (by preference), the said brushes
being set upon radial or other arms or frames, and the ends of such
brushes pressing the grain or material to be operated upon against the
interior of the said wire gauze or openwork cylinder or case. Instead of
using the above mentioned wire gauze or openwork cylinder, and the case
above described, I sometimes prefer to use in substitution for both the
openwork cylinder and the case a cylinder not having perforations or open-
work therein constructed of cast iron or other suitable metal; the interior
of such cylinder being corrugated, and having ribs or projections which
will have the same practical effect as the bars or rods above mentioned.
The object in using the said bars or rods, or the internally corrugated
and ribbed cylinder as aforesaid, is to form a series of projections in the
interior surface of the cylinder or case, which projections may be of
various transverse sections, such as semicicular, rectangular, triangular,
or otherwise, and the said projections which constitute the main feature
of my Invention are for the purpose of preventing the grain or seeds being
carried round the comparatively smooth surface of the wire gauze as here-
tofore, whereby I obtain the scouring action of the brush that would
otherwise be nullified by the simultaneous motion of the grain. In order
to regulate the distance of the brushes from the interior of the cylinder,

page_text: My improvements above mentioned are applicable to scouring or
hulling either damp or dry grain or seeds.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1, vertical section of a hulling apparatus constructed with my
improvements attached thereto in the form of bars or rods of iron as above
mentioned; Fig. 2, transverse section of 'the same; Fig. 3, elevation
of the same; Fig. 4, shews a section of a cylinder internally ribbed;
Fig. 5, plan thereof. The same letters of reference are used for Figs. 1,
2, and 3.
a, a, (black dotted line) wire gause cylinder or case; b, b, ribs or
bars strengthening the gauze cylinder; c, c, spindle carrying arms c¹, c¹,
to which are secured brushes d, d, which I prefer to make with wire
of a square section; e, e, circular distributing plate attached to
spindle c, c, and on to which the grain is fed; ff, shoot for hulled
grain; h, h, iron rods or bars referred to above. Upon turning the
spindle c, o, the brushes d, d, which are attached to the spindle by
means of the arms c¹, c¹, are caused to revolve with it, thereby pressing
the grain against the face of the cylinder or case which is rendered
uneven by the rods or bars h, h, above mentioned. The grain being
fed at the top on to the circular distributing plate e, e, and being shot
off (by centrifugal force) falls between the brushes and the inner surface
of the cylinder. The dust and outer skin of the grain being forced
through the gauze of the openwork cylinder or merely scoured off in
the cast metal cylinder, the grain in the openwork cylinder or the grain
and dust in the cast metal cylinder meanwhile being collected from
the shoot ff, into sacks or into any desired receptacle or receptacles
that may be provided for the same. In Figs. 4 & 5, k denotes the
cylinder, the internal ribs. The brushes and working arrangements
are not shewn in these Drawings as they are the same as shewn in
Figs. 1 and 3.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I
hereby declare that I claim the Invention of "Improved Apparatus
or Machinery for Scouring and Hulling Grain and Seeds," the nature

page_text: and character whereof are set forth in the outset of this Specification
by the words preceeding the words Description of the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Smith, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of September,.
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-eight.
Witness,
JOHN WARD,
Belper.
RICHP. SMITH, JR. (L.S.)