Improvements in the Manufacture of Rolled Oats and other Farinaceous Foods and in Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1897

page_text: Reprinted as amended in accordance with the decision of the Comptroller-
General, 20th day of July 1900.
[The Amendments are shown in italic type.]
Improvements in the Manufacture of Rolled Oats and other
Farinaceous Foods and in Apparatus therefor.
I, THOMAS JARDINE, of No. 1, Airedale Road, Sefton Park, Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, Oatmeal Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the process of manufacturing rolled oats
and other farinaceous foods described in my previous patent No. 19195 of the
12th October 1895 and has for its object to effect both the cooking and the partial
drying of the grains or seeds in the same pan, thus simplifying the process and
obtaining a better product.
To this end the invention consists in passing ordinary steam through the groats
until they are cooked to the desired degree, and in then effecting the partial drying
by shutting off the ordinary steam and passing through the groats either super-
heated steam or hot air, the process being in other respects the same as that described
in my aforesaid prior patent.
In carrying out the invention I form the combined cooking and drying pan
preferably of a closed cylindrical shape and mount it in suitable bearings and provide
Within the pan I
it with a pulley or other gearing whereby it may be revolved.
arrange one or more stationary pipes passing through hollow trunnions and stuffing
boxes at the ends of the pan and adapted to be fed with ordinary steam through one
of the hollow trunnions, the steam issuing from the pipes through perforated branches
near the bottom of the mass and being exhausted from the upper part of the pan by
a pipe or pipes communicating through the other hollow trunnion, with a pump or
the like in order to keep the steam circulating through the mass.
At the steam inlet end of the pan I arrange a two-way cock or a double coupling
with separate cocks, whereby either ordinary or superheated steam or hot air from
any suitable source may be admitted to the pan.
The interior of the pan is preferably ribbed or fluted or fitted with blades to cause
the groats to be turned over when the pan is revolved, and a suitable trap or door
adapted to be closed steam tight is arranged in the pan for the purpose of charging
and discharging the groats.
The cooking is effected by circulating ordinary steam through the pan whilst it is
slowly revolved, and the partial drying, after cooking, is effected by simply turning
the cocks to admit superheated steam or heated air in place of the ordinary steam,
the pump being still kept at work at the exhaust end to facilitate circulation and
reduce the pressure in the pan..

page_text: In some cases a mixture of the heated air and ordinary steam may be employed
for the cooking of the groats, and the 'drying afterwards effected by the hot air
alone.
1007
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Patent Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Rolled Oats and other
Farinaceous Foods and in Apparatus therefor.
2
t
I, THOMAS JARDINE, of No. 1, Airedale Road, Sefton Park, Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, Oatmeal Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:
This invention relates to improvements in the process of manufacturing rolled oats
and other farinaceous foods described in my previous patent No. 19195 of the
12th October 1895 and has for its object to effect both the cooking and the partial
drying of the grains or seeds in the same pan, thus simplifying the process and
obtaining a better product.
To this end the invention consists in passing ordinary steam through the groats
until they are cooked to the desired degree, and in then effecting the partial drying
by shutting off the ordinary steam and passing through the groats either superheated
steain or hot air, the process being in other respects the same as that described in my
aforesaid prior patent.
The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in
which
Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section and
Figure 2 a transverse section of an apparatus for carrying out the invention ;
Figure 3 a detail in plan.
In carrying out the invention I form a combined cooking and drying pan A
preferably of a closed cylindrical shape and mount it in suitable bearings B and provide
it with a pulley or other gearing whereby it may be revolved. In the machine shown
in the drawings the pan A has its periphery toothed at C to be engaged by a pinion D
mounted on a shaft E provided with fast and loose pulleys. Within the pan I arrange
one or more stationary pipes F G passing through hollow trunnions H and stuffing
boxes I at the ends of the pan, the pipe G passing through one of said trunnions
being adapted. to be fed with ordinary steam, which is discharged from the pipe
through perforated branchés J extending to near the bottom of the mass, and exhausted
from the upper part of the pan by a pipe or pipes K communicating with the pipe F
which passes through the other hollow trunnion and is attached to a pump or the
like in order to keep the steam circulating through the mass.
At the steam inlet end of the pan I arrange on the pipe G a two-way cock or a
double coupling with separate cocks such as shown in Figure 3, whereby either
ordinary, or superheated steam or hot air from any suitable source may be admitted to
the pan.
The interior of the pan is preferably ribbed or fluted or fitted with blades L to
cause the groats to be turned over when the pan is revolved, and a suitable trap or
door M adapted to be closed steam tight is arranged in the pan for the purpose of
charging and discharging the groats.
N is a foot lever or treadle carrying a brake shoe O adapted to be pressed against
the pan to stop it, and hold it in a given position such as with the door at the top

page_text: when the pan is being charged, or with the door at the bottom when the pan is being
discharged.
P are strengthening arms serving to stiffen and support the pan at the
middle.
The cooking is effected by circulating ordinary steam through the pan A whilst it
is slowly revolved, and the partial drying, after cooking, is effected by simply turning
the cocks to admit superheated steam or heated air in place of the ordinary steam,
the pump being still kept at work at the exhaust end to facilitate circulation and
reduce the pressure in the pan.
In some cases a mixture of the heated air and ordinary steam may be employed
for the cooking of the groats, and the drying afterwards be effected by the hot air
alone.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the 'nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I am aware
that machinery somewhat resembling mine has been proposed for and has possibly'
been used in the process of washing swelling and germinating grain for brewers' use,
in which process grain is exposed for long periods with slow or occasional stirring to
heat and moisture so as to germinate the grain and I make no claim for such process,
nor for apparatus substantially similar in form to my own when used for malting or
washing, swelling and germinating grain for malting purposes, but only when used
substantially as and for the purposes herein described and what I claim is :-
1. The improvement in the manufacture of rolled oats and other similar farina-
ceous foods, which consists in passing ordinary steam or steam and hot air through
the groats until they are cooked to the desired degree and in then partially drying
the product whilst in the same pan, by shutting off the ordinary steam and passing
through the groats either superheated steam or hot air, substantially as herein before
described.
2. An apparatus for use in the manufacture of rolled oats and other similar
farinaceous foods comprising a revolubly mounted pan adapted to be rotated by
suitable driving gear, and one or more stationary pipes passing into said pan through
hollow trunnions provided therein at each end, said pipes being adapted and arranged
to receive and convey-ordinary steam, superheated steam, hot air, or a mixture of
steam and hot air, through one hollow trunnion into the mass of groats or the like
in the pan, and to exhaust the same by means of a pump or the like through the
other hollow trunnion from above the mass in the pan, substantially as and for
the purpose herein before described.
3. In an apparatus for use in the manufacture of rolled oats and other similar
farinaceous food products, such as herein before described, a revolubly mounted pan
having ribs, corrugations or blades such as L on its inner periphery adapted to cause
the groats or the like in the pan to be turned or thrown over as the pan is rotated,
substantially as described.
4. The general construction and combination of parts taken as a whole forming
the improved apparatus for use in the manufacture of rolled oats and other similar
farinaceous foods, substantially as herein before described and illustrated.
D
01
1
1900
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Patent Agents, of Liverpool, Manchester, Birmingham, and London.