IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERING SYRUPS AND OTHER LIQUORS
Year: 1849

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
GREENWOOD, of Goodman's Fields, in the City of London, Sugar Refiner, and
FREDERICK PARKER, of New Gravel Lane, Shadwell, Animal Charcoal Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Fourth day of July,
One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine, in the thirteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs, and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Thomas Greenwood and Frederick Parker, our exors, admors, and
assigns, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that we,
the said Thomas Greenwood and Frederick Parker, our exors, adññiors, and
assigns, and such others as we, the said Thomas Greenwood and Frederick
Parker, our exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, our Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERING SYRUPS AND OTHER LIQUORS;" in which said Letters
Patent is contained a proviso, that we, the said Thomas Greenwood and

page_text: Frederick Parker, or one of us, should. cause a particular description of the
nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed;
by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and
seal of one of us, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being there-
unto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
Thomas Greenwood and Frederick Parker, do hereby declare that the nature
of our Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed,
are fully described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
that is to say :-
Our Invention consists of causing syrups and liquor containing saccharine
matters to be filtered in succession through a series of filter beds, and in such
manner that the liquor shall be first run into and filtered through that one of
the series of filter beds which has been longest in action, then through the
one which has been the next longest in action, and so on, according to the
number of beds in the series, and then completed by passing into and through
a fresh bed of filtering material; by which means, amongst other advantages, a
uniform daily product will be obtained in place of daily increasing inferiority
of character of color of the filtered liquor, and the consequent decreased value
of the sugar produced therefrom, which necessarily results from the mode
of using filter beds in the manufacture and refining of sugar heretofore
resorted to.
And in order that our Invention may be most fully understood, and readily
carried into effect, we will proceed to describe the means pursued by us:-
We divide the charcoal and matters of which the filter beds are to be made
into a series, having for each series one more cistern than is required to be at
work at one time, so that the cistern for the time being out of use may be
recharged, and be ready to be brought into action as the last of the series
when another of the series requires to be put out of action, and which for a
time has been at work as the first of the series.
We have found it convenient to use six as a set of filter beds, five in action
and one out of action, but other numbers of filter beds may be employed; we
use about the same quantity of charcoal or filtering matter for a given amount
of liquor to that heretofore used, but divided into several beds, as above
mentioned; and we usually make each bed of about the same superficial area
with the single one formerly used; and we keep up the head of liquor so as to

page_text: cause the filters in action to deliver at about the rate heretofore by a single
filter, having a like depth of bed as the combined depth of the series, but this
may be varied. The arrangement of the filter beds when working according
to our Invention, and the means of connecting them, so as to convey the liquor
from one to the next throughout those which for the time being are in action,
and constitute a series, may be varied, but a convenient arrangement is to
place them in a circle and connect them with the pipes in such manner that
each one may be able to deliver the liquor (filted through it) by a pipe con-
nected with the bottom, so as to convey the liquor to the next filter just above
the bed of filtering materials in that cistern, the pipes having cocks or means
of putting any one of the set out of action. Thus, supposing the respective
filter beds of a set of filters to be marked A, B, C, D, E, and F, and that the
series in action, for the time being, consists of A, B, C, D, and E, and that F
has, for the time being, been put out of action, and is being recharged, and we
recommend that one filter bed should go out of action and another come
simultaneously into action each day, by which each day's filtered product will
be similar to that of the previous day; according to the above supposition,
the filtering process would be first into A, then successively into B, C, D, and be
finished by running through E, which is supposed to be the last which has
come into action; then on the following day (or other period of change) the
filter A will go out of action, and the filter F freshly charged will be brought
into action, and the filter B will be (for the time being) the first filter bed, and
the filter F will be the last filter bed of the series in action, then the filter B
will go next out of action, and the filter A recharged will come again into
action as the last of the series in action, and so on, from day to day (or other
period of change), and thus will the liquor each day be finished by a clean bed
of filtering material, and the product from day to day be like in color.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, we would have it understood that we do
not make any claim to the filter beds, they being separately like those pre-
viously in use, nor do we confine ourselves to the, number mentioned as
constituting a series; but what we claim is, the mode, herein described, of
filtering syrups and other liquors containing saccharine matters.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Greenwood, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of December, in the
year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.
THOS (L.S.) GREENWOOD.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Thirty-first day of December, in
the year of our Lord 1849, the aforesaid Thomas Greenwood came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that
purpose.
Enrolled the Fourth day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty.