IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING AND APPLYING ANIMAL MEMBRANES, AND IN CONSTRUCTING ARTICLES THEREWITH, COMPRISING VESSELS TO CONTAIN AIR, AND IN VALVES FOR INFLATING THE SAME, WHICH VALVES ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Macintosh, of Bayswater, and William
Boggett, of Chelsea, both in the County of Middlesex, for the In-
vention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING AND APPLYING ANIMAL MEMBRANES,
AND IN CONSTRUCTING ARTICLES THEREWITH, COMPRISING VESSELS TO CONTAIN
AIR, AND IN VALVES FOR INFLATING THE SAME, WHICH VALVES ARE APPLICABLE
TO OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES."
Sealed the 4th April 1873, and dated the 7th October 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Macintosh and
William Boggett at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 7th October 1872.
We, JOHN MACINTOSH, of Bayswater, and WILLIAM BOGGETT, of
Chelsea, both in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING AND APPLYING ANIMAL
MEMBRANES, AND IN CONSTRUCTING ARTICLES THEREWITH, COMPRISING VESSELS TO

page_text: CONTAIN AIR, AND IN VALVES FOR INFLATING THE SAME, WHICH VALVES ARE
APPLICABLE TO OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
Our method of treating the guts and bladders of animals so as to
strengthen and render them permanently soft and pliable is to dip them
in a solution of skimmed milk, castor oil, and sugar of soap or molasses,
tannic acid and chromate of potash may be used in some cases, adding
coloring matter to the solution. Thus prepared they are applicable for
and convertible when inflated into life-proservers, air beds, cushions,
coverlets, apparatus for protecting the head from solar heat and other
purposes.
We also use and apply the prepared skins for making tobacco pouches
and purses;
also for bookbinding and other uses to which they have
not heretofore been applied.
The valve is made by closing the end of a piece of india-rubber tube,
into which a small tongue of india-rubber or other suitable material is
inserted, which fits into a circular hole in the tube and prevents the
escape of air. By elongating the tube the tongue is released and the
valve opened for the ingress or egress of air or other fluids.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Macintosh and William Boggett in the Great 2
Scal Patent Office on the 7th April 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, Jonn
MACINTOSH, of Bayswater, and William Boggett, of Chelsea, both in
the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her 2
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of October, in the ycar of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, givo
and grant unto us, the said John Macintosh and William Boggett, Her
special license that we, the said John Macintosh and William Boggett, 3
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said

page_text: John Macintosh and William Boggett, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING AND APPLYING ANIMAL
MEMBRANES, AND IN CONSTRUCTING ARTICLES THEREWITH, COMPRISING VESSELS TO
CONTAIN AIR, AND IN VALVES FOR INFLATING THE SAME, WHICH VALVES ARE
APPLICABLE TO OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said John Macintosh and William Boggett, our executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their hands
and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Macintosh and William
Boggett, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to
say :-
Our improvements relate to the treatment and application of the guts
and bladders of animals for the construction of life preservers and air
beds or cushions, likewise in making tobacco pouches and purses, as
well as for bookbinding and other uses to which these materials have not
heretofore been applied.
Our method of treating the guts and bladders of animals for the
purpose of strengthening and rendering them permanently pliable, and
thereby applicable to the above-named purposes, is to dip them in a
solution consisting of 12 parts of water or skimmed milk, 6 parts sweet
liquor of soap, crude glycerine, or molasses, and a teaspoonful of castor
oil, the oil for some purposes being dispensed with.
After the skins have been dipped in this solution and dried they are
(in order to make them less affected by water) again dipped for a short
time in a second solution composed either of tannic or boracic acid,

page_text: able, substantially in the manner herein-before described and shewn in
the Drawing hereunto annexed.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Macintosh and William
Boggett, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Fifth day of
April, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-three.
Witness,
J. G. TONGUE,
Patent Agent,
(L.S.)
JOHN MACINTOSH.
WILLIAM BOGGETT. (L.S.)
34, Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane,
W.C.