IMPROVEMENTS IN DISINTEGRATING OR PULVERIZING MACHINES, AND IN FEEDING APPARATUS THEREWITH.
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Edward Hall, of Sheffield, in the County of
York, Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN DISINTEGRATING
OR PULVERIZING MACHINES, AND IN FEEDING APPARATUS
THEREWITH.
"
CONNECTED
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Edward Hall at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th June 1881.
CHARLES EDWARD HALL, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN DISINTEGRATING OR PULVERIZING MACHINES, AND IN FEEDING
APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
My Invention relates to such machines as are used for reducing materials to
powder by percussion or disintegration, and it is designed to render such machines
capable of reducing wet and clogging inaterials, such as washed coal, coke, fireclay,
bones, manure, sand, etc., and further to provide an improved means of feeding and
separation to such machines, so that metallic substances which would damage the
machine may not be allowed to enter.
My apparatus consists, in the first place, of a circular cage running at a moderate
speed. This cage has by preference an odd number of bars, which may be of any
convenient section, but I prefer them circular or oval; and one or more special bars
are fitted with a projection or projections outwards for the purpose of clearing the
teeth of the lantern pinion or wheel which I employ to drive the cage by means of
the said bars.
In the interior of the said cage is the disintegrating apparatus, which may be of
the kind patented to me jointly with Charles Edward Bainbridge under Letters
Patent, dated 21 April 1875, and numbered 1460, or any other suitable kind
which will deal with the material effectively.
The material is forcibly struck by the beaters or arms and broken against the
slowly rotating cage and escapes through the interstices between the bars.
In order to prevent the said material from clogging up the cage I employ a
hollow lantern pinion or wheel driven by a pulley or other suitable means at the
proper speed to effectively clear the said cage by rotating it.

page_text: The said hollow lantern wheel or pinion is secured to a shaft which revolves in
bearings, and a scraper in the form of a fixed screw or other convenient shapo is
passed into the said hollow wheel, and as the ground material accumulates inside it
is thereby brought out. This in conjunction with the special bar or bars on the cage
keeps the machine clear and effectually deals with material that it has been
hitherto impossible to treat in ordinary disintegrators.
The feeding apparatus I employ is in the form of an endless chain, belt, or band,
upon which the unreduced material may be supplied by any known means.
The feed chain is constructed so that every link is the same, and thus inter-
changeable, and so that the bucket or scraper, or other attachment can be effected
without a special link, the said bucket being clipped on to the chain in a suitable
manner.
I prefer to make such links of forged or stamped wrought iron, but they may be
cast in steel or other suitable metal. In order to prevent them from stretching I
secure the hook by a bolt or rivet with a packing between to maintain the
necessary distance for the male part to work freely. In place of this packing piece
may be substituted the lug of a bucket scraper or other attachment to the chain.
The links are in the form of a stirrup, the upper end or shank of which is bent
round the lower stirrup of the preceding link, being secured in place by a bolt or
rivet through a packing piece.
By the removal of the bolt or rivet and the packing piece, which are used to
close the hook, the links may be detached from one another.
Close to the mill or disintegrator I mount in suitable bearings a number of
rotating electro-magnets. Theso electro-magnets are placed radially with a
nonconducting material to insulate each inagnet, and the positive and negative
poles of the wires are carried to the hollow centre. In such case also the feeding
band is preferably of nonconducting material.
By the operation of commutators on the outside of the hollow journal any
number of the said electro-magnets may be put into operation during the whole or
any part of a revolution. The horse shoe magnets are magnetised for a large part
of each revolution. For the remaining portion of the revolution they are
demagnetised. The rotating electro magnets are revolved at a slighter higher
circumferential speed than the linear travel of the band, so that the ends of the
horse shoe magnets will stir the material as it travels on the band. Any particles
of iron are attracted by the magnets and carried away by them during the
magnetised portion of their revolution; and when the magnetism is made to cease
the particles are released and delivered into a suitable box or trough. A brush or
cleaner of any convenient kind is placed when necessary to detach such particles
from the magnets.
The electric current may be supplied to these electro magnets in any convenient
manner by dynamo inachine or otherwise.
In employing the dynamo machine I mount the revolving armature upon the
same spindle as the disintegrating apparatus, but insulated therefrom, and support
the fixed magnets from the main fraine of the disintegrator, thus avoiding separate
bearings and driving appliances common to dynamo machines & effecting con-
siderable saving in the cost of construction and application of my iron separating
mechanism and economising power required to drive such machines.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Charles Edward Hall in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd December 1881.
CHARLES EDWARD HALL, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN DISINTEGRATING OR PULVERIZING MACHINES, AND IN FEEDING
APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
My Invention relates to such machines as are used for reducing materials by
percussion or disintegration, and it is designed to render such machines capable of
reducing wet aud clogging materials, such as washed coals, coke, fireclay, bones.
manures, sand, &c., and for mixing the same; and further to provide an improved
means of feeding and seperation to such machines, so that metallic substances which
would damage the machines may not be allowed to enter.
My apparatus consists in the first place of a circular cage running at a moderate
speed. This cage has by preference an odd number of bars, which may be of any
convenient section, but I prefer them circular or oval, and these may be fixed or
casily renewable, as illustrated in tho Drawings herewith. I also prefer to uso one
or more special bars with a projection outwards for the purpose of cleaning the
teeth of the hollow radially toothed pinion or wheel, which I employ to drive the
cage by means of the said bars.
In the interior of the said cage is the disintegrating apparatus, which may be of
the kind patented by me jointly with Charles Edward Bainbridge under Letters
Patent, dated 21st April 1875, and numbered 1460, or any other suitable kind which
will deal with the material effectively.
The material is forcibly struck by the beaters or arms and broken against the
slowly rotating cago and escapes through the interstices between the bars.
In order to prevent the said material from clogging up the cage I employ a
hollow radially toothed pinion or wheel with a number of teeth, which will not
divide into the number of spaces in the cage. This pinion may be driven by a
pulley or other suitable means at the proper speed to effectually clear the said cage
of material by rotating it. In order to reduce the said material finer or coarser
the speed of this cage may be varied by cone pulleys in relation to the speed of the
beater shaft, which remains constant when used for disintegrating any substance,
but when used as a mixer the speed of the said beater slinft may be also reduced,
whilst the rotating cage may be somewhat accelerated.
The hollow radially toothed wheel or pinion is secured to a separate shaft, which
rotates in bearings and is driven independently of the main or beater shaft, and a
scraper in the form of a fixed screw or other convenient shape is passed into the
said hollow radially toothed wheel. Should the ground material accumulate inside
it it will thereby be removed. This arrangement, in conjunction with the special
bar or bars in the cage, keeps the machine clear and effectually deals with materials
that it has been hitherto impossible to treat in ordinary disintegrators. By
fixing the revolving cage the machine may be used as an ordinary disintegrator if
desired.
The arrangement of the disintegrating beaters and cage are shown in order that
they may be the better understood on Sheet I. Figures 1, 2, 3 are a partly
sectional side view, a longitudinal section, and an end view, with the top covor
removed respectively, like letters referring to similar parts in each of these
views.
The main framing A is closed by the upper cover B, and carries on the shaft D,
which is mounted on suitably constructed bearings, the beaters C, secured to the
contre hoss 12 duiven by the nullow
The haaban
hold in nosition hy the

page_text: wrought iron cover plates G & bolts; H is the slowly rotating cage, with, say
85 bars ¹, or spaces, whilst the pinion I has 12 teeth i. One or more odd bars J.
of oval shape, are introduced for the purpose of clearing the teeth of the pinion.
Kis the feed hopper fitted with the slide L; M is the shaft and pulley driving the
pinion I, which may be run in either direction.
Figures 4, 5, and 6 are details of the rim of the cage H, showing the manner of
fixing the renewable bars . The hollow bar is shown with a centre pin through
its axis rivetted over, whilst the said hollow bar is supported in the recess ³, so
that no strain is brought upon the centre pin.
In Figure 6 is also shown the odd bar for cleaning the teeth of the pinion
Figures 7 and 8 show the hollow radially toothed pinion driving the cage H;
Figures 9 and 10 show the screw like scraper for cleaning the interior of the
hollow pinion, for which an alternative scraper is shown in Figures 11 and 12.
The feeding apparatus I employ is in the form of an endless chain, belt, or
band, upon which the unbroken material may be supplied by any known
means.
The feed chain is constructed so that every link is the same, according to one
plan, and is interchangeable, so that the bucket or other attachment can be effected
without a special link, the said bucket or other attachment being clipped on to the
chain in a suitable manner. I prefer make such links of forged or stamped
wrought iron, but they may be cast in steel or other suitable metal. In order to
prevent them from stretching or from breaking the hook I secure the same by a
bolt with a packing between to maintain the necessary distance for the male part
to work freely.
"
In place of this packing piece may be substituted the lug of a bucket, scraper, or
other attachment to the chain. The links are in the form of a stirrup, the upper
end or shank of which is bent round the lower stirrup of the preceding link and is
secured in place by a bolt through the packing piece. By the removal of the bolt
and the packing piece, which are used to close the hook, the links may be detached
from one another.
This feeding apparatus is shown arranged horizontally in Figure I. Sheet II.,
and arranged vertically in Figure 2, Sheet II. A is the toothed sprocket wheel;
B is the improved chain formed by my links; C is the bucket for carrying the
material; D is the disintegrator; and E is the shoot from which the buckets take
their supply.
A detail Drawing of my improved links with attachments in the form of buckets
are shown on Sheet I. in Figures 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, and 19. B is the stirrup
link; R, the bolt or rivet; and Q the intermediate packing pieco which, as shown
in Figures 16, 17, 18, and 19, becomes part of the bucket S attached to the link.
The said links a with scrapers or claws b and other attachments G are shown on
Sheet II. in Figure 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 12. Further modifications of my improved
link are shown on Sheet II. in Figures 9, 10, and 11, where the links a are formed
in double hooks, and with an intermediate coupling link F.
In Figures 13 and 14 a claw attachment b for them is shown, and Figures 15
and 16 represent my improved link a with roller attachment L.
Close to the mill or disintegrator I mount in suitable bearings a number of
rotating electro-magnets. These magnets are placed radially with a nonconducting
material to insulate each magnet, which is surrounded by soft iron wire, and the
negative and positive poles of the wires are carried to the hollow centre of the
journals. In such case also the feeding band is preferably of non-conducting
material.
By the operation of commutators and brushes on the outside of the hollow
journal of the rotating electro maguet, any number of the said magnets may be
put into operation during the whole or any part of a revolution.
The horse shoe magnets are magnetised for a large part of such revolution, and
for the remaining portion of the revolution they are demagnetised.
The rotating electro magnets are revolved at a slightly higher circumferential

page_text: speed than the linear travel of the band, so that the ends of the horse shoe magnets
will stir the material as it travels on the band. Any particles of iron are attracted
by the magnets, and carried away by them during the magnectical portion of their
revolution, and when the magnetism or electrical current is made to cease, the
particles are released and delivered into a suitable box or trough conveniently
placed. A brush or cleaner of any convenient kind is placed when necessary to
detach such particles from the magnets.
The electrical current may be supplied to these electro-magnets in any convenient
manner by dynamo machine or otherwise.
Sheet III. illustrates the arrangement of my improved separator as applied to
the feed of my improved disintegrator. Figures 1 and 2 show an elevation and
plan respectively, like letters referring to similar parts in these two Figures. A is
the feed hopper into which the material is placed. The material is allowed to
issue through the door a on to the travelling band B, which is carried on the
pulleys C, and travels between the sides D of the feed trough, which are con-
veniently made of timber. E is the mill or disintegrator for reducing the said
material; F is the rotating drum carrying insulated horse shoe magnets; G is the
rotating brush, wiper, or pricker for detaching the pieces of iron which may have
adhered to the magnets; H and L are the pulleys for driving F; and I and K aro
the pulleys for driving G. The movement of the whole apparatus is derived from
the first notion shaft M. Figure 3 shows an enlarged view of the positive pole N
and clip brush attachments O with a connecting screw and cross bar P for making
contact. The commutator N on the positive pole is shown also in detail at
Figure 5. Figure 4 shows an end view of the negative pole and commutator S,
with brush R and connecting screw and wire to complete the circuit.
And having fully ascertained and described the nature of my Invention, be it
known that what I consider novel and useful, and desire to protect by my Letters
Patent is,-
1st. In a disintegrating machine, tho combination with known beaters of a
surrounding revolving cage, and the means of driving and cleaning connected there-
with, substantially as and for the purpose described.
2nd. The construction of a feeding chain band, in links admitting of attachment
of scrapers or buckets, substantially as described.
3rd. The combination with a disintegrating machine, of an iron soparator
composed of rotating electro magnets operating substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Edward Hall, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this First day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty oue.
CHA
HARLES EDWARD HALL.
(U.S.)