Improvements in ROUSING APPARATUS FOR AIDING THE FERMENTATION AND FACILITATING THE ATTENU- ATION OF SACCHARINE 'WORTS' AND 'WASH,' AND WHICH IS ALSO ADAPTED FOR PRODUCING A PECULIAR MOTION IN ANY LIQUID REQUIRING INTERMIXTURE FOR BRINGING ABOUT CERTAIN DEFINITE RESULTS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Shepley Lees, Assistant Brewer, and
Frank Faulkner, Managing Brewer, both of Saint Helens, in the
County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "Improvements in ROUSING
APPARATUS FOR AIDING THE FERMENTATION AND FACILITATING THE ATTENU-
ATION OF SACCHARINE 'WORTS' AND 'WASH,' AND WHICH IS ALSO ADAPTED
FOR PRODUCING A PECULIAR MOTION IN ANY LIQUID REQUIRING INTERMIXTURE
FOR BRINGING ABOUT CERTAIN DEFINITE RESULTS."
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Shepley Lees
and Frank Faulkner at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 5th May 1873.
We, SAMUEL SHEPLEY LEES, Assistant Brewer, and FRANK FAULKNER,
Managing Brewer, both of Saint Helens, in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN ROUSING APPARATUS FOR AIDING THE FERMENTATION AND FACILITATING THE
ATTENUATION OF SACCHARINE 'WORTS' AND WASH, AND WHICH IS ALSO

page_text: ADAPTED FOR PRODUCING A PECULIAR MOTION IN ANY LIQUID REQUIRING INTER-
MIXTURE FOR BRINGING ABOUT CERTAIN DEFINITE RESULTS," to be as follows:-
This Invention is designed to aid the fermentation and facilitate the
attenuation of saccharine "worts" and other fermentable liquors, and
our improved apparatus is alike suitable for use in breweries, distilleries,
and other manufactories where a mechanical mixing motion is required.
"
Our Invention relates to an improved arrangement of raising or
agitating apparatus used in connection with fermenting vats, rounds, or
other vessels. This apparatus consists of an arm or lever, or arms or
levers carrying a paddle board or agitator, or paddles, boards, or
agitators, and arranged to oscillate upon or around a suitable fulcrum or
fulcra, so that on the arm or lever, or arms or levers being actuated by a
connecting rod or connecting rods from a crank or cranks, or by other
suitable means, the paddle board or agitator, or paddle boards or
agitators carried by the arm or lever or arms or levers shall be caused
to move to and fro within the "wort" or other liquor, and thereby to
produce the necessary rousing effect; viz., in the case of breweries,
distilleries, and wine manufactories, an improved attenuation of the
saccharine liquor, or in other manufactories of compound fluids a
peculiar beating or stirring motion to facilitate chemical or mechanical
changes.
The arrangements for actuating the arms or levers may be made
capable of adjustment according to the extent of motion required to be
given to the paddles, boards, or agitators, which may also be made
adjustable to suit circumstances.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Samuel Shepley Lees and Frank Faulkner in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 4th November 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, SAMUEL
"SHEPLEY LEES, Assistant Brewer, and FRANK FAULKNER, Managing 3
Brewer, both of Saint Helens, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
-Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of May, in the year of our

page_text: Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Samuel Shepley Lees and Frank Faulkner,
Her special license that we, the said Samuel Shepley Lees and Frank
Faulkner, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
we, the said Samuel Shepley Lees and Frank Faulkner, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROUSING
APPARATUS FOR AIDING THE FERMENTATION AND FACILITATING THE ATTENUATION
OF SACCHARINE 'WORTS' AND 'WASH,' AND WHICH IS ALSO ADAPTED FOR
PRODUCING A PECULIAR MOTION IN ANY LIQUID REQUIRING INTERNIXTURE FOR
BRINGING ABOUT CERTAIN DEFINITE RESULTS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Samuel Shepley Lees and Frank Faulkner, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our
hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frank Faulkner, on behalf of the said
Samuel Shepley Lees and myself, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment thereof, and the Drawings therein referred to (that is to say) :—
This Invention is designed to aid the fermentation and facilitate tho
attenuation of saccharine worts and other fermentable liquors, and our
improved apparatus is alike suitable for use in breweries, distilleries, and
other manufactories where a mechanical mixing motion is required.
Our Invention relates to an improved arrangement of rousing or
agitating apparatus used in connection with fermenting vats, rounds, or
other vessels.. This apparatus consists of an arm or lever, or arms or
levers carrying a paddle board or agitator, or paddles, boards, or agitators,
and arranged to oscillate upon or around a suitable fulcrum or fulcra, so
that on the arm or lever, or arms or levers being actuated by a con

page_text: head of the round. The lower arms of the levers a are formed with
holes for the attachment and adjustment of red pine paddle boards
which are secured to the arms by bolts and nuts as shewn, the height of
the paddles being regulated according to the "length" of wort in the
round. The bearers e and f, and the head g of the round are formed
with apertures or openings / to allow of the necessary movement of the
levers, to which motion is communicated through adjustable connecting
rods i from cranks k on shafts 1, provided with step or cone pulleys m,
which receive motion through straps or driving bands n from similar
pulleys o on a shaft p, worked by a strap or band q from an engine »,
the step pulleys enabling the speed of the levers and paddles to be
adjusted as may be required. By the revolution of the cranks the
levers a are caused to oscillate so as to move the paddles to and fro
within the wort or other liquor under treatment, the speed being regu-
lated by the positions of the straps on the pulleys, and the extent of
motion by the adjustment of the connecting rods as well as by the
positions of the paddles on the lower arms of the levers.
In brewing according to the undersigned, Mr. Faulkner's system, the
worts when cooled are gathered finally at a temperature of about 58°
Fahrenheit, while the attemperators are set to prevent any rise of heat
during the first twelve hours, so that at the expiration of that time the
heat may be unchanged, but the surface of the wort covered with a
thick white cream. This cream thickens and gradually breaks to
"curls" and "rocks," heat rising slowly while attenuation commences.
5 Subsequently the "rocks" increase in size, and gradually give place to
a thick light head which steadily rises till there is a fine, thick, light,
yeasty head, the heat of the tun being about 62°. The rousing
machinery is now started, and practically, the time for this is decided by
the head changes, for directly sufficient stability be found to withstand
O the oscillating movement of the rousers it may be taken for granted
that the fluid requires so mechanically moving that while the motion
has no beating down effect it has still sufficient stirring action to ensure
healthy attenuation and elimination of the oxydized gluten which is seen
fast rising to the surface as insoluble yeast. As the head rises and
5 becomes thick and heavy the sway of the wort becomes less decided, and
so the fermentations progress day by day, the heat being kept back and
regulated by the attemperators so that the attenuation may progress at
one uniform pace, and the heads continually rise and retain their fresh,

page_text: sweet, and satisfactory indications. On the sixth day for mild, or the
seventh or eighth day for stock or low attenuated beers, if it be found
that the attenuation has advanced to the desired point, the heat not
being over 68°, the machinery is stopped and the tuns are cleansed or
skimmed.
$
Having described the nature of our said Invention for " Improvements
in Rousing Apparatus for Aiding the Fermentation and Facilitating the
Attenuation of Saccharine, Worts,' and 'Wash,' and which is also
Adapted for Producing a Peculiar Motion in any Liquid requiring
Intermixture for bringing about certain Definite Results," and having
explained the manner of carrying the same into practical effect, we
desire it to be understood that we do not confine ourselves to the use of
the materials herein-before mentioned in constructing our apparatus, nor
to the precise arrangements shewn in the Drawings for communicating
the necessary oscillating motion to the arms or levers carrying the
paddles, boards, or agitators. We would also state that we do not claim
as of our Invention or the exclusive use of the mechanical parts hercin-
before described or referred to, except when the same are used in and for
the purposes of our said Invention which we hereby declare to consist in
the arrangement and construction of rousing or agitating apparatus
with oscillating arms or levers carrying paddles or agitators, operating
substantially as herein-before described and shewn in the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frank Faulkner, on behalf of the
said Samuel Shepley Lees and myself, have hercunto set my hand
and seal, this Thirty-first day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.