IMPROVEMENTS IN TUBULAR SURFACE CONDENSERS AND HEATERS
Year: 1884

page_text: I JOHN KIRKALDY of 40 West India Dock Road in the County of Middlesex
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
TUBULAR SURFACE CONDENSERS AND HEATERS" to be as follows:-
In the Specifications of former Patents granted to me I have described surface
condensers and heaters in which the cooling or heating surface is composed of tubes
bent into helical coils and either plain or corrugated longitudinally.
According to my present invention I form the helical coils from tapering tubes
either a gradual taper or diminishing at intervals from one diameter to another
similarly the straight tubes of ordinary surface condensers I make from tapered
tubes either plain or corrugated.
To secure the ends of the tubular coils in the holes of the tube plates of surface
condensors or heaters I braze on to the end of the tube a metallic ferrule which
has a flange projecting around it to bear against the inside of the tube plate whilst
a nut is screwed on to the end of the ferrule and made to bear against the exterior
of the tube plate-the nut being formed with a coned projection to enter a corre-
sponding recess in the tube plate, by the use of this coned projection no packing is
necessary for making a tight joint.
To secure the ends of longitudinally corrugated tubes whether tapered or parallel
sided tubes in the tube plates of a surface condenser or heater the ferrules used to
make a tight joint between their ends and the holes into which they are inserted in
the tube plates may be shaped internally to correspond with the exterior form of
the tubes but plain on the outside to fit the round holes bored in the tube plates.
The ferrules may be made with a slight draw or taper upon them so as to draw up
tight on the tube and make a tight joint. If wood ferrules are used no packing
is necessary but with metal ferrules cotton or other suitable packing may be
used.
Or the ends of the longitudinally corrugated tubes may be made circular so that
the fittings at present used for securing plain tubes in the holes in the tube plates
may be used.
To prevent the entrance into the condenser or heater of any solid matters which
might obstruct the passage through the tapered or corrugated tubes I employ a
grating placed at right angles across the inlet pipe. The grating I make so that it
can be moved endwise in one direction to withdraw it from its position across the
inlet or can be drawn in the opposite direction by a bolt and nut to draw it into
place and make steam tight joints.
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page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I JOHN KIRKALDY of 40 West India Dock Road in the County of Middlesex
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
TUBULAR SURFACE CONDENSERS AND HEATERS" and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
In the specifications of former Patents granted to me I have described surface
condensers and heaters in which the cooling or heating surface is composed of tubes
either plain or corrugated longitudinally or otherwise and bent into helical coils.
According to my present Invention I form the helical coils from solid drawn
tapering tubes either a gradual taper or diminishing at intervals. Figure 1 of the
drawings hereunto annexed shews a side elevation of a helical coil so formed-it is
shown to be made from a tube the diameter of which is reduced at intervals in the
manner illustrated at Figure 2 or Figure 3-the tube may be either plain or
corrugated. As will be seen the tube is made up of lengths of solid drawn tubes
joined end to end the several lengths being made each of a different diameter. In
place of the tube being made to taper in this manner it may be drawn in one
continuous tapering length as shown at Figure 4.
To secure the ends of the tubular coils in the holes of the tube plates of surface
condensers or heaters I braze on to the end of the tube a metallic ferrule which has
a flange projecting around it to bear against the inner side of the tube plate whilst
a nut is screwed on to the end of the ferrule and made to bear against its outer
side. I also form the nut with a coned projection to enter a corresponding recess in
the tube plate. By the use of this coned projection no packing is necessary for
making a tight joint.
Figure 5 shows a side elevation partly in section of the end of a tubular coil so
secured in a tube plate. A is the ferrule soldered or brazed on to the end of the
tube-B is a portion of a tube plate-C is the nut screwed on to the exterior of
the ferrule and C₁ the conical projection on the nut which is made to enter a
corresponding recess in the tube plate.
Also according to my invention I similarly form the straight tubes of ordinary
surface condensers or steam boilers from solid drawn tapered tubes either plain or
corrugated.
To secure the ends of a straight longitudinally or otherwise corrugated tube
whether it be a tapered tube or a parallel sided tube in a tube plate of a surface
condenser or heater I use ferrules shaped internally to correspond with the exterior
form of the tubes but plain on the outside to fit the round holes bored in the tube
plate.
A side view and end view of a ferrule formed internally to fit over the exterior
of a corrugated tube is shown at Figures 6 and 7.
The ferrules may as shewn be made with a slight draw or taper upon them so as
to draw up tight on the tube and make a tight joint. If wood ferrules are used no
packing is necessary but with metal ferrules cotton or other packing may be
used.

page_text: Another way in which I fix the ends of longitudinally corrugated tubes in tube
plates is to make the tubes circular at their ends as shown at Figure 8 so that the
fittings at present used for securing plain tubes in the holes in the tube plates may
be used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The employment in surface condensers and heaters of helical coils formed from
solid drawn tapering tubes substantially as described.
2. The means substantially as herein before described for securing the ends of
the helical coils in the tube plates of surface condensers and heaters.
3. The employment in surface condensers and heaters of straight solid drawn
tapered tubes either plain or corrugated substantially as described.
4. Securing the ends of longitudinally or otherwise corrugated tubes in the tube
plates of surface condensers and heaters by the use of ferrules shaped internally to
the form of the end of the tube and plain externally to fit within plain circular
holes in the tube plates.
5. The employinent in surface condensers and heaters of longitudinally or
otherwise corrugated tubes formed with plain circular ends substantially as
described.
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.