Improvements in Grates for Stoves, Furnaces, and the like.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 20th June, 1893-Accepted, 12th Aug., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Grates for Stoves, Furnaces, and the like.
1, EDWARD FALES, of Winthrop, County of Suffolk, State of Massachusetts,
United States of America, Mechanic do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to grates for stoves, furnaces, and other heating apparatus.
In accordance with this invention the grate consists essentially of several stationary
and movable grate bars or grated portions arranged alternately and in parallelism,
and in different horizontal planes.
The stationary bars are made as boxes or frames, preferably rectangular in shape,
on the tops of which the grated portions are formed or secured, and external flanges
are provided for said boxes or frames by means of which they are supported on a
flange fixed in the masonry.
The movable grate bars are provided with trunnions at points about midway
between their ends, which rest in trunnion supports or bearings formed integral
with or secured to the interior of the side walls of bottomless boxes or frames made
to receive them.
The trunnion supports are formed at or near the lower edges of the bottomless
boxes, so that the grate bars serve as grated bottoms therefor.
These bottomless boxes or frames are made similar to the boxes or frames having
the stationary grate bars, and have flanges at the ends by means of which they are
supported.
Suitable means are provided for rocking or tilting said grate bars on their trunnions,
as pivots, for the purpose of shaking or dumping the bed of coal.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1, shows in plan view a grate embodying this invention.
Figure 2 a vertical section of the grate shown in Figure 1, taken on the dotted
line x-x.
Figure 3, a side view of one of the rocking or tilting grate bars.
Figure 4, a perspective view of one of the outside grate bars, and
Figure 5, a perspective view of one of the bottomless boxes which receive and
support the tilting or rocking grate bars.
The masonry A, of any usual or suitable shape and construction, contains within
it the stationary and movable grate bars, which are arranged alternately and in
parallelism.
The stationary grate bars, see Figure 4, are made like boxes, rectangular in shape,
and having side walls a, and end walls a', and a grated top a², which is formed integral
with or secured to said side and end walls.
A flange a³, is formed on the outside of each end wall a', and on the endmost boxes
flanges a are formed on the outside of the outer side wall.
As represented in Figure 1, I have shown four stationary grate bars, the two
intermediate ones of which will have flanges a³, on the ends, while the two outside
ones will have flanges a³, on the ends, and flanges a', on the outside walls.
These stationary grate bars are set some little distance apart, sufficient to
admit of the introduction between them of the movable grate bars, which are
arranged alternately with relation thereto.
The movable grate bars, which are made substantially alike, consist of longitudinal
grate bars b, provided at each side, at a point about midway between their ends, with
trunnions, which rest in suitable supports or bearings formed on the interior of
the side walls b, of the bottomless boxes or frames made to receive the said movable
grate bars, and represented in Figure 5.

page_text: These bottomless boxes or frames comprise the side walls 6ª, and end walls b,
which latter have formed on them exteriorly, flanges 6, by means of which they
are supported. The trunnion supports 62 on the interior of the side walls are located
at or near the lower edges so that the movable grate bars form grated bottoms for
said boxes or frames.
The movable grate bars b, resting in their supports or bearings between the
stationary bars, are provided each at a point beneath the trunnions with a down-
wardly projecting lug, upon which is swivelled a lever 67, which projects
toward the front of the apparatus, and is accessible through doors at said front
end, to be engaged by a hand wrench, or other suitable implement 68, as represented
in Figure 3.
By depressing said hand wrench it will be seen that the grate bars b will be rocked
or tilted, as represented by dotted line 50, Figure 3, and by lifting said hand
wrench, the said grate bars will he moved in the opposite direction represented
by dotted line 60 until the rear ends thereof strike the bumpers or projections b³,
formed on the interior of the rear end wall of the boxes containing said grate bars.
By removing said hand wrench from its engagement with the lever b', and
pressing said lever down, the movable grate bar will be depressed sufficiently to
dump the bed of coal, or that part of it resting thereon, as represented by dotted
line 70.
The interior of the end walls of the boxes which contain the movable grate
bars, are curved concentric to the axis of the trunnions, so that as the grate bars
are rocked or tilted the ends thereof will occupy the same relative position or
distance from said ends, in order to prevent the coal from entering between said
ends of the grate bar and said end walls and thereby preventing free movement of
the bar.
The supports or bearings for the trunnions are made with openings 12, at the
bottom, to permit the escape of any ashes which may accumulate therein.
The trunnion bearings or supports 2 being located below the tops of the
bottomless boxes or frames, the movable grate bars will lie in a horizontal plane
considerably below the plane of the stationary grate bars, to thereby present
pockets for the bed of coal.
The flanges on the ends of the boxes or frames rest on a flange set in the
masonry, and thereby support said boxes or frames, as well as close the passage
between the ends of said boxes or frames, and the masonry, to prevent the upward
passage of air at such point, which if permitted would have a tendency to deaden
the fire at the sides and the flanges formed on the outer sides of the endmost boxes
or frames act to close the passage at such point.
The flanges on the ends and sides of the boxes or frames are located a short
distance below the tops of said boxes, so that a narrow recess is presented around
the entire grate which may be filled with ashes, or similar material to ensure
tightness, as shown at 13.
The boxes or frames are provided each at their abutting sides, at the top, with a
longitudinal rib or flange 20, so that the spaces between said boxes will be much
greater at the bottoms than at the tops.
This permits the free passage of any coal which will pass through the narrow
openings, at the top, and if any coal should lodge in said narrow openings at the
top it would be consumed.
The boxes or frames are also provided on their abutting sides with vertical
ribs 2, so that the boxes will contact with each other only at such points; the
spaces between said vertical ribs being open and acting as a part of the grate,
as additional air passes up through said spaces or openings, and thence through
the bed of coal.
These vertical ribs, bearing against each other prevent the sides of the boxes
containing the movable grates from warping while the spaces between said ribs also
act to aid in carrying out said result.
By providing independent boxes or frames for the movable grate bars it will be

page_text: seen that said bars may be readily removed as well as the boxes or frames
containing them, and so also the stationary grate bars may be readily removed if
desired.
I do not desire to limit my invention to making the stationary grated tops
integral with the boxes or supports, although such form I deem preferable.
The side walls of the boxes or frames which support the rocking or tilting
grate bars are imperforate, to thereby form imperforate side walls for the pockets.
I do not desire to confine myself to the particular number of stationary and
movable grate bars which may be employed as more or less may be employed
as deemed necessary.
The bed of coal in this instance it will be seen will be divided in different
thicknesses, that on the upper grates being much thinner than that on the lower
grates, or pockets, and by such a distribution of the coal I am enabled to materially
increase the intensity of the heat without destruction of the grate.
With such a bed of coal the columns of heated air rising from it at different
points, materially vary in temperature, as the currents of air may pass up through
the thinner portions quite freely, while they are retarded in passing up through the
thicker portions or pockets, so that the heat rising from the thinner portions of the
bed of coal will be of greater intensity than that rising from the thicker portions or
pockets.
As these currents of heated air rising from the bed of coal at different
temperatures come in contact with each other, explosions occur which have a
tendency to form a partial vacuum above the thicker portions or pockets, which
materially increases the draft, and retards the progress of the gases until they have
been consumed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:―
1. The grate comprising rectangular boxes or frames having imperforate side
walls, and end walls, and movable grated bottoms detachably connected to and
supported by said frames, substantially as described.
2. A grate comprising independent bottomless boxes or frames having imperforate
side walls, and interior trunnion supports near their lower edges, and movable grate
bais in said boxes or frames forming grated bottoms therefor, and having trunnions
at points midway between their ends, which rest in said trunnion supports, sub-
stantially as described.
3. A grate comprising independent bottomless boxes or frames having imperforate
side walls, and interior trunnion supports near their lower edges, and movable grate
bars contained in said boxes or frames, forming grated bottoms therefor, and
having trunnions at points midway between their ends which rest in said trunnion
supports, means for rocking or tilting said grate bars on their trunnions as pivots,
and the bumpers 69, for limiting the movement of said grate bars in oue direction,
substantially as described.
4. A grate comprising several independent rectangular bottomless boxes or
frames having imperforate side walls and external flanges by means of which they
are supported, and interior supports near the lower edges, and grate bars contained
in said boxes or frames forming the grated bottom therefor, and having trunnions
which rest in said trunnion supports, and means for rocking or tilting said grate
bars, substantially as described.
5. A grate comprising a series of parallel arranged independent boxes or frames
having external flanges, by means of which they are supported, located at points
below the tops of said boxes, and grated portions formed integral with or supported
by said boxes or frames, substantially as described.
6. A grate comprising independent rectangular bottomless boxes or frames
having imperforate side walls, external flanges by means of which they are sup-
ported, interior trunnion supports near the lower edges, and interiorly curved end

page_text: walls, and grate bars contained in said bottomless boxes or frames, forming grated
bottoms therefor, trunnions located on said grate bars at points midway between
their ends, which rest in said trunnion supports, substantially as described.
7. A grate comprising independent bottomless rectangular boxes or frames
having imperforate side walls and end walls, the external longitudinal rib or flange
at the upper end of one, or both side walls, and the external vertical ribs 2, and
removable grate bars pivoted in said boxes or frames, forming grated bottoms
therefor, and means for rocking or tilting said grate bars on the
substantially as described.
pivots,
8. In a grate, several rectangular boxes comprising side walls and end walls
with grated tops formed integral therewith or secured thereto, and flanges on
the ends of said boxes which support them, combined with several rectangular
boxes, comprising side and end walls, with flanges on the ends, which support
them, and grate bars pivoted in each of said boxes at a point between their ends
adapted to occupy a plane below the level of said grated tops, and means for
rocking or tilting said grate bars, substantially as described.
9. In a gate, several rectangular boxes, comprising side and end walls with
grated tops formed integral therewith or secured thereto, and means for supporting
them, combined with several bottomless boxes or frames arranged alternately with
relation to the aforesaid boxes, having imperforate side walls, means for supporting
them, grate bars pivoted in said bottomless boxes or frames at their lower ends,
thereby forming grated bottoms therefor, and occupying a plane below the level of
the grated tops of the other boxes, substantially as described.
10. In a grate, several rectangular boxes, comprising side and end walls with
tops formed integral therewith, or secured thercto, and means for supporting them,
combined with several bottomless rectangular boxes or frames arranged alternately
with relation to the aforesaid boxes, and having imperforate side walls, means for
supporting them, and interior trunnion supports at or near the lower edges, and
grate bars contained in said bottomless boxes or frames, having trunnions at points
midway between their ends, which rest in said trunnion supports, and form grated
bottoms for said boxes, and means for rocking or tilting said grate bars, sub-
stantially as described.
11. In a grate, several rectangular boxes or frames having side walls and end
walls and grated tops, and several boxes or frames arranged alternately with
relation to the aforesaid boxes, having imperforate side walls, grate bars contained
in said boxes or frames, and means for moving them to shake the bed of coal,
substantially as described.
Dated this 20th day of Luno 1902
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.