Improved Means applicable for Use in Filtering Liquids.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Aug., 1895-Accepted, 14th Sept., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means applicable for Use in Filtering Liquids.
I, SIEGMUND STROH, of Eisenstadt, in the Kingdom of Hungary, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The improved means applicable for use in filtering, and forming the subject of
this invention, are designed to deal with large quantities of liquid in a short time,
and to deliver the same at a higher level, the apparatus embodying a force pump of
any suitable type.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings illustrates, in vertical section, apparatus
adapted for carrying my invention into effect;
Fig. 2 shewing a modified mode of constructing a portion of the apparatus, and
Fig. 3 being a part sectional plan of Fig. 2.
The filtering apparatus consists of two main parts, viz., the pump and the filter.
The pump may be driven from a motor engine, through the medium of suitable
connections; or as is assumed to be the case in the present instance--it may be
operated by hand. Rotary motion is imparted by means of a crank to a pair of
bevel wheels kk, one of which serves as a nut for the threaded spindle of the
plunger to work through. The reversal of the motion and consequently of the
movement of the plunger is effected by means of couplings or clutches 1 1.
Two inlets, b and c, admit the liquid to be filtered to the opposite ends of the
cylinder a, and are preferably supplied from a pipe d, common to both; the said
inlets being respectively provided with non-return valves b', c. The opposite ends of
the cylinder are, moreover, provided with outlets e, f, furnished with valves or flaps
to prevent the return of the liquid after the same has been forced out of the
cylinder.
The operation of the pump is as follows:-As the plunger moves in the direction
of the arrow 1, the valve c¹ opens, and liquid is drawn from d, the valve-controlled
orifices e being meanwhile closed. The liquid contained in the space above the
plunger is discharged from the cylinder by way of the valve-controlled orifices f,
the valve being closed, and is forced through the filtering cylinder g, which
surrounds the pump-cylinder.
During the movement of the plunger in the opposite direction-indicated by the
arrow 2-liquid is drawn into the cylinder, above the plunger, past the valve b¹;
whilst the liquid contained in the lower part of the cylinder, beneath the plunger,
is discharged by way of the valve-controlled orifices e and forced through the
filtering cylinder g.
The filtering material may be either coarse-grained (such as gravel or charcoal),
fibrous or fluffy (such as flannel, felt or sponge), or fine-grained (such as sand or
the like). The material best adapted to the purpose is, however, a compound of
papier maché, extract of tamarind and blood, mixed, approximately, in the
following proportions:―
lowing proportions :—
About 2 parts by weight of papier mache ;
2
"
"
""
""
"
1
39
"
"
"
extract of tamarind ;
blood.

page_text: Filtering material which is not sufficiently hard or rigid to form a vessel or wall
may be interposed between perforated drums or sieves g² g³ g³. If necessary, it
may, by means of rings h, be further compressed within the annular spaces formed
between the said drums.
In order to render the degree of filtration as perfect as possible, it is advisable
to cause the liquid to travel as great a distance, or to cover as extensive an area,
as practicable, in passing through the filtering material. For this purpose, the
perforations in the respective drums are arranged at different levels, so as to extend
the course traversed by the liquid, as indicated by the arrows 3.
A discharge-cook i serves to permit the escape of any liquid remaining in
the chamber surrounding the cylinder, as also of such inipurities as may have
collected therein.
Figs. 2 and 3 illustrate a modified method of construction. With a view to
increasing or extending the available filtering surface, cylindrical filters, such as g',
of comparatively small diameter, are employed. They consist of tubes, which, for
the greater portion of their length, are provided with inlet orifices; while, at their
lower extremities, there are orifices 9 for the discharge of the liquid filtered.
Within these tubes, the filtering material is placed. The liquid, after being filtered,
collects in the space m, and may be drawn off by way of the pipe n.
Instead of perforated pipes, tubes made of wire gauze may be employed. Or
the two modes of construction illustrated by Fig. 1 and by Figs. 2 and 3 respectively
may be combined; that is to say, filters of the tubular type may be arranged about
the pump-cylinder, in addition to those of the drum type.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I claim :-
1. The improved filtering apparatus constructed substantially as herein described
and comprising a cylindrical filter, such as g, arranged about a pump which serves
to draw a supply of the liquid to be filtered and to force the same through the
surrounding filtering material.
2. In filtering apparatus of the kind herein referred to, the modified method of
arranging the filtering material in perforated tubes, substantially as described with
reference to Figs. 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings.
3. The employment, as filtering material, of papier maché and extract of
tamarind combined with blood, substantially in the proportions herein set forth.
4. The improved filtering apparatus constructed and operating substantially as
described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated the 14th day of August 1895.