and Furnaces.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Mar., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 27th Dec., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 30th Mar., 1889
and Furnaces.
We, WILLIAM CLARK, Engineer, of 15 Fairthorn Road, Charlton, in the County
of Kent and WILLIAM REID, Merchant, of the Firm of William Reid & Co., of 45,
Fenchurch Street, in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention, to be as follows
This Invention relates to certain Improvements in the manufacture of corrugated
flue tubes for steam boilers and furnaces.
Corrugated flue tubes for steam boilers and furnaces as hitherto most generally con-
structed have been manufactured by bending plates of plain sheet metal into tubular
form, welding or rivetting the meeting edges and corrugating the plain tube by rolling
in a suitable mill.
When manufactured in such manner, the bending or twisting of the plates back-
ward and forward across the grain of the iron, in the process of corrugation, distorts,
weakens and injures the iron in such a way that the water in the boiler has a very
rapid and injurious effect thereon to such an extent as to render the wear and tear or
life of the tube of comparatively short duration; and, moreover, the welded joint or
the rivetted meeting edges of the plate is or are liable to injury in the process of cor-
rugating the plate, and such joints are a source of weakness and constitute the most
defective parts of such flues.
One of the special objects of the Invention is to dispense with such welded or
rivetted joints; and to this end our Invention consists, firstly, in casting the flue tube
in a corrugated form in mild steel or suitable metal of a less diameter and of greater
thickness than desired, and in subsequently hammering, working or rolling such tube
out to the required diameter and thinness, by which means we impart to the tubes the
greatest possible strength and durability.
The invention also relates to a novel method of manufacturing wrought iron flue
tubes in which a wrought iron rolled bar (or there may be two or more bars) of
suitable length and thickness is placed in a furnace until it obtains the required heat,

page_text: whereupon one end of the bar is fixed on to a revolving mandril driven by suitable
machinery whereby the bar is drawn and coiled on to the mandril. The coiled bar
is then removed and placed into a furnace where it remains until a suitable welding
heat has been obtained, it is then quickly removed and placed around a mandril or
equivalent inner support under a steam hammer by which the helical coils are welded
into a solid homogeneous tubular mass, which is again heated and placed around an
anvil or hammer-block under a steam hammer which together with the anvil or
hammer block is corrugated, the said tubular mass is then wrought by the action of
the hammer from a solid ring of suitable thickness into a corrugated tube of nearly
the required thinness, and which is finished by being passed through a pair of
corrugating rolls or other like appliances of suitable construction.
Flue tubes made in accordance with the present improvements are much superior
in strength and durability (from the homogeneity imparted to them in the process
of manufacture) than those made in the ordinary way, and are also more cheaply
made.
D
1
3
1
1000
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
321, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Flue Tubes for Steam Boilers
and Furnaces.
We, WILLIAM CLARK, Engineer, of 15, Fairthorn Road, Charlton, in the County
of Kent, and WILLIAM REID, Merchant, of the Firm of William Reid & Co. of 45,
Fenchurch Street, in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:--
This Invention relates to certain improvements in or applicable to the manufacture
of corrugated flue tubes for steam boilers and furnaces.
The Invention embraces the manufacture of such fine tubes by casting them in a
corrugated form in mild steel or other suitable metal of a less diameter and of greater
thickness than desired, and subsequently rolling or hammering such tube out to the
required diameter and thinness all in the improved manner hereinafter described.
In carrying out such improved process of manufacture we cast the corrugated flue
in a mould of the construction represented in Fig. 1. of the accompanying drawings,
by pouring the molten metal into the top of the mould so that all the slag will rise
to the surface. The mould is formed between a collapsible inner lining, 1, and an
outer separable lining, 2, by suitable moulding material, 3, which is caused to receive
the required shape by a pattern, 4, made in half parts, vide Fig. 2. The lining 1,
is made in parts, preferably four, vide Fig. 3. which are held apart at the top by a
removable stay bar, 5, and at the bottom by an upward projection, 6, of the bed
plate, 7, or in any other suitable manner, and are held together at the top and bottom
by circumscribing wrought iron rings, S, 9. Two of the parts of the lining, 1, are
anade with parallel edges, 10, between which another of such parts fits, so that upon
the stay being removed such intermediate part can fall inwards permitting of the
lining being taken apart (after the casting has been effected) and of the moulding
material being readily broken down. The lining, 2, is made in half parts with
opposite flanges, 11, which are bolted or otherwise suitably secured together with a
thin sheet of iron, 12, between them reaching to the pattern, vide Fig. 2, so as to
divide the outer moulding material. The pattern, 4, is also made in half parts so as
to be readily removable. The top or mouth piece, 13, is made separately in any
suitable manner and is placed on the top of the mould, being formed with any
suitable number of outlet holes, 14, to allow the molten metal to pass down into the
inould.
15, represents the casting removed from the mould ride Fig. 4. after which it is
increased to the required dimensions and reduced to the required thinness (if in com-
paratively short lengths, say from 3 to 4 feet or thereabouts) by being placed around
a suitably supported correspondingly corrugated anvil block, 16, ride Figs. 5, and, 6. of
appropriate diameter and by hammering it by a correspondingly corrugated steam
bamnier, 17, rotating the anvil and casting as the hammering proceeds by handspikes

page_text: or in any other suitable manner, or the casting may he rolled out to the required
diameter and thinness in correspondingly corrugated rolls, 18, ride Figs. 7, and, 8, the
front bearing of one of the rolls of which is made capable of sliding on a grooved
bed plate, 19, to allow of the casting being placed around one of the rolls.
The Invention also relates to a novel method of manufacturing such flue tubes in
wrought iron by coiling one or more sufficiently heated wrought iron rolled bars, 20,
of suitable dimensions onto a suitably driven revolving mandril, 21, ride Fig. 9. and
after removing and reheating such coil to a welding heat placing it around a vertical
mandril or equivalent inner support, 22, vide Fig. 10, under a steam tubular hammer
head, 23, by which the helical coils are welded into a solid homogeneous tubular
mass of a less diameter and greater thickness than those of the required flue tube.
24, represents such tube removed from the mandril, ride Fig. 11. This tube is
then again heated and if in comparatively short lengths may be simultaneously
hammered out to the required diameter and thinness and corrugated by the apparatus
bereinbefore described with reference to Figs, and, 6, and be finished by the rolling
mill represented in Figs. 7, and, S, or it may be firstly rolled out to the required
diameter and thinness in a rolling mill of the arrangement represented in Figs. 12, 13,
and, 14, and subsequently corrugated in the mill represented in Figs. 7, and, 8.
The rolling mill represented in Figs. 12, to, 14, is novel in respect of the arrange-
ment of top and bottom adjustable rolls, 25, 26, rotating in a common direction,
arranged in rolling contiguity with an intermediate roll, 27, rotating in an opposite
direction and maintaining a constant position; all such rolls working at the same
surface speed.
28, represents a suitable bed plate upon which all the housings, 29, are mounted
as in an ordinary rolling mill, they being, however, preferably held in their places by
lovetail wedges, 30, instead of bolts to enable them to be easily removed when
required. The bearings of the rolls, 25, 26, work in the housings, 29, and their
adjustability is secured by screw gearing or by hydraulic power or in any other
suitable manner. The roll, 27, is made in one with the main driving shaft, 31, and
its front end may be supported in a removable hearing, 32, also working in the
housings, 29. This roll is made of sufficiently small diameter to allow of the tube
to be rolled being slipped thereon, for which purpose the said bearing, 32, may be
removed from the housing.
The action of the rolls is effective in causing the tube to be gradually thinned and
extended in an elliptical form vide Figs. 13, and, 14, until of the required thinness
and superficial area after which it may be removed and rolled or otherwise in any
suitable manner caused to receive a cylindrical form and may be then corrugated in the
rolls represented in Figs. 7, and, 8. the lower side of the tube while being corrugated
being supported by a guide or roll, 33.
The tubes made in accordance with the present improvements are superior in strength
and durability, from the homogeneity imparted to them in the process of manufacture,
than those made in the ordinary way.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is ;-
1. The manufacture of corrugated flue tubes by casting them in a corrugated form
in mild steel or other suitable metal of a less diameter and of greater thickness than
of the tube desired and subsequently rolling such tubes out to the required diameter
and thinness in the improved manner and by the improved means bereinbefore
described.
2. The manufacture of corrugated flue tubes by casting them in a corrugated form
in mild steel or other suitable metal of a less diameter and of greater thickness than
of the tube desired, and subsequently hammering such tubes out to the required
diameter and thinness in the improved manner, and by the improved means herein-
before described.
3. The manufacture of corrugated flue tubes by coiling one or more wrought iron rolled

page_text: bars on a mandril, hammering such coil into a homogeneous tube of a less diameter and
of greater thickness than of the tube desired, and subsequently simultaneously bammering
such tube out to the required diameter and thinness and corrugating it in the improved
manner and by the improved means hereinbefore described.
4. The manufacture of corrugated flue tubes by coiling one or more wrought iron
rolled bars on a mandril, hammering such coil into a homogeneous tube of a less
diameter and of greater thickness than of the tube desired, and subsequently rolling
such tube out to the required thinness and superficial area and then (after bringing it
to a cylindrical form by any suitable means) corrugating it in the improved manner
and by the improved means hereinbefore described.
5. The application and use of the rolling mill herein before described with reference
to Figs. 12, to, 14, for the purpose of the Invention as hereinbefore described.
Dated this 24th day of December 1888.
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
321, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
321, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.