IMPROVEMENTS IN INDIA RUBBER SPRINGS FOR USE IN RAILWAY AND TRAMWAY ENGINES AND CARRIAGES OR VEHICLES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Spencer of 77 Cannon Street, in the City of
London, Civil Engineer for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN INDIA RUBBER
SPRINGS FOR USE IN RAILWAY AND TRAMWAY ENGINES AND CARRIAGES OR
VEHICLES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Spencer at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th July 1883.
GEORGE SPENCER of 77 Cannon Street, in the City of London, Civil Engineer,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN INDIA RUBBER SPRINGS FOR USE IN RAILWAY AND TRAMWAY
ENGINES AND CARRIAGES OR VEHICLES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
My invention has reference chiefly to the india rubber draw and buffer springs
used in railway and tramway engines carriages and other vehicles.
In the specification of former Letters Patent granted to me the 24th February
1877, N° 758, are described various constructions of springs composed of india-
rubber with metal rings that I call cup rings and nozzle rings, and my present
invention has reference to improvements in such springs. In order to better
preserve the continuity of the india rubber the cup rings and the nozzle rings are,
according to my present invention, so relatively arranged that those portions of the
cup or surrounding rings which, immediately encircle and are in contact with the
circumferences of the india rubber springs are situate in planes which although at
right angles to the axes of the said springs and parallel to the nozzle rings are not
in the same planes as the nozzle rings
In order that the nature of my invention may be the better understood
I append a sheet of drawings illustrating arrangements embodying my
improvements.
In Figs 1 and 1, A is the india rubber spring, B is the rod of the draw buffer
bearing or other spring. C is the metal cup ring moulded into the outer
circumference of the india rubber. D and D¹ are nozzle rings of which more than
two may be used. They are moulded into the india rubber as shewn and through

page_text: them the rod B works in such manner as to prevent injury to the india rubber by
friction of the rod.
Figs 2 and 2 illustrate a modification wherein C C¹ are two cup rings moulded
into the india rubber A. D is the nozzle ring also moulded into the india rubber;
B is the rod.
In the modification illustrated in Figs 3 and 3ª the cup ring C is held in place
by a groove in the india rubber A in which are moulded two nozzle rings D D'.
Figs 4 and 4 illustrate an arrangement wherein two metal cup rings C C
enter corresponding grooves in the circumference of the india rubber A to restrain
its expansion under pressure.
Figs 5 and 5ª illustrate an arrangement wherein the india rubber A is formed
as two frustums of cones united at their smallest diameters and provided with two
nozzle rings D D₁ for guiding the rod and a plain metal ring E moulded into the
waist of the double cone. The two end cup rings may be used or not according to
the purpose for which the spring is to be employed.
Figs 6 and 6 illustrate a modification wherein the india rubber is prevented
from bearing on the rod B by causing the nozzle rings to project so as to provide
an annular space between the inner circumference of the india rubber and the
outer circumference of the rod. This plan may be applied in springs constructed
in other respects according to either of the other arrangements illustrated.
Fig 7 illustrates an arrangement in which the rings C C₁ surrounding the
rubber A are of circular cross section instead of being in the form of cup rings..
Fig 8 is a modification in which a cylindrical spring of india rubber A is
surrounded byia plain ring Candi has cast into it. two nozzle rings D'D':
.
.:
Fig 9 shows a modification, in which the india rubber; is, of an external form
resembling two, truncated concs.united at, their bases.
Any of these springs may be used for taking the strains off chains and ropes
and cables for cranes, lifts, anchors, towing ropes, and any use where spring action
is required.

page_text: .
L
.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said George Spencer in the Patent Office on the 10th January 1884.
GEORGE SPENCER of 77 Cannon Street, in the City of London, Civil Engineer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN INDIA RUBBER SPRINGS FOR USE IN RAILWAY AND TRAMWAY
ENGINES AND CARRIAGES OR VEHICLES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
My invention has reference chiefly to the india rubber draw and buffer springs
used in railway and tramway engines carriages and other vehicles.
In the specification of former Letters Patent granted to me the 24th February
1877, No 758, are described various constructions of springs composed of india
rubber with metal rings that I call cup rings and nozzle rings, and my present
invention has reference to improvements in such springs. In order to better
preserve the continuity of the india rubber the cup rings and the nozzle rings are,
according to my present invention, so relatively arranged that those portions of the
cup or surrounding rings which immediately encircle and are in contact with the
circumferences of the india rubber springs are situate in planes which although at
right angles to the axes of the said springs and parallel to the nozzle rings are not
in the same planes as the nozzle rings.
In order that the nature of my invention, and the manner of performing it may
be better understood I append a sheet of drawings illustrating arrangements
embodying my improvements
In Figs 1 and 1 A is the india rubber spring, B is the rod of the draw buffer
bearing or other spring. C is the metal cup ring moulded into the outer
circumference of the india rubber. D and D¹ are nozzle rings of which more than
two may be used. They are moulded into the india rubber as shewn and through
them the rod B works in such manner as to prevent injury to the india rubber by
friction of the rod.
Figs 2 and 2ª illustrate a modification wherein C C are two cup rings moulded
into the india rubber A. D is the nozzle ring also moulded into the india rubber;
B is the rod.
In the modification illustrated in Figs 3 and 3ª the cup ring C is held in place
by a groove in the india rubber A in which are moulded two nozzle rings D D
Figs 4 and 4 illustrate an arrangement wherein two metal cup rings C C¹ enter
corresponding grooves in the circumference of the india rubber A to restrain its
expansion under pressure.
Figs 5 and 5 illustrate an arrangement wherein the india-rubber A is formed
as two frustums of cones united at their smallest. diameters and provided with
two nozzle rings D D₁ for guiding the rod and a plain metal ring E, moulded into
the waist of the double cone. The two end cup rings may be used or not according
to the purpose for which the spring is to be employed..
Figs 6 and 6 illustrate a modification wherein the india rubber is prevented
from bearing on the rod B by causing the nozzle rings to project so as to provide
an annular space between the inner circumference of the india rubber and the
outer circumference of the rod. This plan may be applied in springs constructed
in other respects according to either.of the other arrangements illustrated.
Fig 7 illustrates an arrangement in which the rings C C¹ surrounding the
rubber A are of circular cross section instead of being in the form of cup rings.
Fig 8 is a modification in which a cylindrical spring of india rubber A is
surrounded by a plain ring C and has moulded into it two nozzle rings D D¹.
Fig 9 shews a modification in which the india rubber is of an external form
resembling two truncated cones united at their bases.
Any of these springs may be used for taking the strains off chains and ropes

page_text: and cables for cranes, lifts, anchors, to wing ropes, and any use where spring action
is required.
4
Having described the nature of the said invention and the manner of carrying
it into practical effect, I hereby declare that what I consider to be novel and
original and therefore claim as secured to me under the Letters, Patent first
hereinabove in part recited is :-
1. In india rubber springs of the kind hereinabove referred to, the use of cup or
surrounding rings in conjunction with nozzle or inner rings all parallel to one
another, but arranged in different planes, substantially as described for the purposes
set forth,
2. The improved india rubber springs for use in railway and tramway engines
and carriages or vehicles and for other purposes, described with reference
respectively to, and shewn in, Figs 1 and 1º, in Figs 2 and 2, in Figs 3 and 3ª, in
Figs 4 and 4, in Figs 5 and 5ª, in Figs 6 and 6ª, in Fig 7, in Fig 8, and in Figs 9
and 9 of the drawings for the purposes set forth.
In Witness whereof I the said George Spencer have hereunto set my hand and
seal this seventh day of January in the year of our Lord one thousand eight
hundred and eighty four.'
GEORGE SPENCER (L.S.)