Improvements in Looms for Weaving Axminster, Chenille, or like Carpets.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms for Weaving Axminster, Chenille, or like
Carpets.
I, EDWARD HOLLINGWORTH, of Hutchinson, Hollingworth and Company, Limited,
of Dobeross, in the County of York, Loom Makers, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows;
-
This invention relates to looms for weaving Axminster or fur pile carpets in
which a pick of fur or chenille is introduced into a separate shed after every given
number of picks of ordinary weft, the supplemental mechanism for putting in the
fur pick being inoperative when the loom is picking and the loom being stopped
when the supplemental mechanism is picking as will be well understood by those
skilled in the art.
The object of my improvements in the said class of loom is to provide new and
novel mechanism for actuating the loom and the supplementary mechanism which
controls the introduction of the fur, such improved, operative mechanism allowing
a wide range of adjustment to be easily obtained and enabling the loom to be
run at a greatly accelerated rate of speed impossible in the looms as at present
constructed and operated.
In carrying out my invention I drive the lay or going part by connecting rods
from a crank shaft by which a stronger and steadier beat up is obtained. On
the end of the crank shaft I mount loosely a bevil wheel gearing into a small
bevil wheel on the main driving shaft from which it receives a constant motion.
The loose bevil has a long boss whereon is secured a segmental toothed wheel and
one half of a clutch adapted to be engaged by the corresponding half of a sliding
clutch secured on the crank shaft. The sliding clutch is moved into engagement
by means of a fork to which is attached a strong spring, the suitable time for
movement being determined by means of a cam or tappet against which the fork
presses, the said tappet receiving an intermittent rotary motion from the loose
bevil by a peg and star wheel, the peg being secured to the bevil wheel, and the
star wheel mounted on a short shaft. On a separate stud shaft I mount a spur
wheel having two, or it may be more plain portions on its periphery which are
curved to the radius of the plain portion of the periphery of the segmental toothed
wheel on the long boss of the bevil wheel, said spur wheel being moveable laterally
in a key groove in the stud shaft to place it into anil out of engagement with the
segmental toothed wheel, by means of a clutch fork actuated by cam or tappet
on the star wheel shaft.
The mechanism may be arranged to run the loom for any given number of picks
between each pick of fur, -four being the number commonly put in, and then
to stop the loom while a pick of fur is put in and for such an interval afterwards
as will give the weaver ample time to adjust the shoot of fur as may be
necessary to make it conform to the pattern or design to be produced.
The loom is started and run for four or other number of revolutions, as pre-
determined, by the engagement of the clutch on the crank shaft with the driven
opposing clutch on the loose bevil wheel boss through which rotary motion is

page_text: imparted to the crank shaft. When the given number of picks have been made,
the cam actuates the clutch fork, thus placing the clutches out of gear and stopping
the loom. Just prior to the stopping of the loom, the picking sticks are thrown
out of action in order that they may remain fully home after the return from
giving the last pick instead of advancing part way into the shuttle boxes as
would be the case if stopped at the same moment as the lay or going part, this
preventing all liability of the shuttle being thrown partly into the shed after the
last pick of the four or other given number. To effect the disconnection of the
picking sticks, the levers to which they are connected are provided with recesses
or notches in which normally engage catches connected to the actuating levers
on the picking shafts. At the precise moment, these catches are raised out of
engagement with the notches by means of levers actuated by cam or other equiva-
lent piece of mechanism and consequently said picking sticks are thrown out of
action and remain at the ends of the shuttle boxes.
The supplemental mechanism for introducing the pick of fur is thrown into
action as soon as the loom stops after the fourth or last pick, and this is accom-
plished by a second cam on the star wheel shaft which actuates a clutch fork and
slides the spur wheel on the stud shaft into line with the segmental wheel, the
opposing curved surface on the spur wheel engaging with and sliding on the
untoothed portion of the segmental wheel, the teeth whereof as it revolves mesh
with the teeth of the spur wheel and rotate it and the stud shaft a part of a
revolution, whereby by means of a crank arm on said stud shaft and lever and rod
connections a toothed segment or quadrant is actuated and rotates a pinion to
the extent necessary to traverse the fur needle or guide across the loom, the said
pinion being mounted at the back of the grooved pulley around which the endless
wire carrying the needle or guide travels, and by which it is driven. The separate
shed in which the shoot of fur is laid is formed in the same manner as heretofore.
The parts are so timed that they remain dormant or inoperative for a short period
of time after the fur has been put into the carpet in order that the weaver may
adjust the fur as and when it may be necessary, and at the conclusion of such
period the spur wheel on the stud shaft is slided clear of the segmental
toothed wheel and the sliding clutch on the crank shaft moved back into
engagement with the driven clutch so that the loom may be again rotated to the
extent of the given number of picks and the same cycle of events as above set
forth repeated.
By disconnecting some of the parts, the loom may be used for ordinary weaving.
Dated this 17th day of September 1898.
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Patent Agents, Huddersfield,
Agents for Applicant.
Improvements in Looms for Weaving Axminster, Chenille or like
Carpets.
I, EDWARD HOLLINGWORTH, of Hutchinson, Hollingworth and Company, Limited,
of Dobcross, in the County of York, Loom Makers, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement;-
This invention relates to looms for weaving Axminster or fur pile carpets in
which a pick of fur is introduced into a separate shed after every given number
of picks of ordinary weft, the mechanism for putting in the fur pick being in-

page_text: operative when the loom is picking and the loom being stopped when the fur
mechanism is picking as is well known by those skilled in the art.
The object of my improvements in the said class of loom is to provide new and
novel mechanism for actuating the loom and the supplementary mechanism which
controls the introduction of the fur, such improved operative mechanism allowing
a wide range of adjustment to be easily obtained and enabling the loom to be run
at a greatly accelerated rate of speed unattainable in looms as at present con-
structed and operated.
In carrying out my invention I drive the lay or going part by connecting rods
from a crank shaft by which a stronger and steadier beat up is obtained. On the
end of the crank shaft I mount loosely a bevil wheel gearing into a small bevil
wheel on the main driving shaft from which it receives a constant motion. The
loose bevil has a long boss provided with a clutch box adapted to be engaged by
the corresponding half of a sliding clutch secured rotatively on the crank shaft.
The sliding clutch is moved into engagement by means of a fork to which is
attached a strong spring, the suitable time for movement being determined by
means of a cam or tappet against which the fork presses, the said tappet receiving
an intermittent rotary motion from the loose bevil by a peg and star wheel, the
peg being secured to the loose bevil and the star wheel mounted on a short shaft.
Secured on the boss of the loose bevil is a pinion gearing with a spur wheel
running loose on a small shaft parallel to the crank shaft. By the side of this
spur wheel is a boss secured firmly to the said shaft and through which boss a
clutch pin is adapted to slide to place it into or withdraw it from engagement
with a recess formed in the spur wheel. When placed into engagement with the
spur wheel the latter drives the shaft, but when disengaged, the spur wheel simply
revolves on the shaft while the latter remains stationary. The clutch is actuated
by a fork which is oscillated by a cam or tappet on the star wheel shaft.
The mechanism may be arranged to run the loom for any given number of picks
between each pick of fur-four being the number commonly put in and then to
stop the loom while a pick of fur is put in (or the fur may be placed in at the
same time or just following the last pick of jute) and for such an interval after-
wards as will give the weaver ample time to adjust the shoot of fur as may be
necessary to make it conform to the pattern or design to be produced.
The loom is started and run for four or other number of revolutions, as pre-
determined, by the engagement of the sliding clutch on the crank shaft with the
driven opposing clutch on the boss of the loose bevil by which means the crank
shaft is rotated. When the given number of picks have been made, the cam
actuates the clutch fork to disengage the clutch and stop the loom. The supple-
mental mechanism for introducing the pick of fur is thrown into action just
following the insertion of the last pick of jute and this is accomplished by the second
cam on the star wheel shaft which actuates a clutch fork and slides the clutch pin
into engagement with the spur wheel on the short shaft whereby the latter is
rotated a part or half of a revolution and, by means of a crank arm on said shaft
and lever and rod connections a toothed segment is actuated and rotates a pinion
to the extent necessary to traverse the fur needle or guide across the loom, the
said pinion being mounted at the back of the band wheel around which the endless
wire or cord carrying the needle or guide travels and by which it is driven.
The parts are so timed that they remain dormant or inoperative for a short
period of time after the fur pick has been put into the carpet in order that the
weaver may adjust the fur as and when necessary, and, at the conclusion of such
period, the sliding clutch on the crank shaft is moved back into engagement with
the clutch on the boss of the loose bevil so that the loom may be again rotated to
the extent of the given number of picks and the same cycle of events as above
set forth repeated."
In the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1, is side elevation of my improved driving and fur motions for looms for
weaving Axminster, chenille or like carpets; and

page_text: Fig. 2, is end elevation of same looking in the direction of arrow A.
Referring to the drawings, letter a represents the crank shaft of the loom, on
the end of which is loosely mounted a bevil wheel gearing into a small
bevil wheel e fast on the main driving shaft d from which the loose bevil b
receives a constant motion. On the end of a long boss on the loose bevil b is formed
or secured one half of a clutch box or a recessed disc e with which is adapted to
engage a sliding clutch f secured rotatively to the crank shaft a and which is
moved on said shaft into and out of engagement with the clutch box e by means
of a fork pivotted on a stud g supported in a bracket 2 bolted to the frame-
work and carrying at its lower end a bowl which is maintained in contact
with the side or face of a tappet by a strong spiral spring ; attached at one
end to the fork g and at the opposite end to any suitable part of the framework.
The tappet is mounted on a shaft k supported in bearings in the framework h
and receives an intermittent rotary motion from the loose bevil b by means of peg
or bowl secured on the rear side of the said bevil b and engaging successively
with the recesses or openings m¹ in a star wheel m mounted on the shaft k. The
parts above described comprise the motion for actuating the loom and for throwing
it out of action at the time required, namely, after the loom has picked a given
number of times to put in the necessary jute picks. The sliding clutch f is drawn
into engagement with the clutch box e by means of the strong spring j acting on
the fork lever g immediately said lever is released by the swell on the tappet i
moving clear of the bowl g³, the loose bevil thus being locked with the shaft a
and transmitting rotary motion thereto to drive the loom. The tappet is timed
to allow the loom to run until four or other given number of ordinary jute picks
have been put into the carpet and, after the last pick of jute of the aforesaid
number is inserted, the swell on the tappet comes into contact with the bowl g³
and forces the fork lever g outwards against the resistance of spring ; whereby the
sliding clutch f is moved laterally on the crank shaft a out of engagement with
the clutch box and disconnects the loose bevil b from said shaft, by which means
the loom is automatically stopped each time a given number of picks of jute have
been put into the carpet and started again after a suitable interval of time, as
determined by the tappet i.
"
v
Secured on the long boss of the loose bevil b is a pinion 6 which gears into a
spur wheel, preferably twice the size of the pinion, running loose on a short
shaft journalled in bearings in the framework h. At the side of the spur wheel n
and secured firmly to the shatt is a hoss having an opening formed through
same into which projects a clutch pin q secured to a catch box or holder fast
rotatively on the shaft but adapted to be slided laterally thereon by means of
a fork lever centred at and carrying a bowl which is acted upon by a tappet S
secured on the star wheel shatt k, to force the holder endwise on shaft and place
[
the clutch pin g' into a corresponding recess or opening in the spur wheel n or to
withdraw it from said opening, a strong spiral spring being connected at one
end to the lever r and at the opposite end to any suitable part of the framework
to keep the bowl 2 in contact with the tappets and to ensure the engagement of
clutch ping with the opening in the spur wheel when the tappet s calls for it.
When the clutch pin g' is engaged with the recess or opening in the spur wheel n
it locks the latter rotatively to the shaft o and said shaft is therefore rotated by
it to the extent of say, half a revolution, or more as may be required, whereby,
through the medium of a crank arm u secured on the opposite end of shaft o,
connecting rod u and lever u² mounted on a shaft r, motion is transmitted from
shaft o to said shaft which by means of segment 1 fast thereon gives rotary
motion to a pinion fast on a shaft whereon is mounted the ordinary band
wheel around which passes the endless band or wire carrying the usual fur
needle or guide, the actuation of shaft giving the necessary movement to the
band wheel to traverse the fur needle or guide across the loom to insert a pick
of fur or chenille. When this has been accomplished the tappet s actuates the
fork lever the reverse way to withdraw the clutch pin q' clear of the opening in

page_text: the spur wheel n which thereupon runs idly on shaft o the latter remaining
stationary until the next pick of fur requires to be put into the carpet when the
action of the parts as above described is repeated.
The tappet s is timed to place the clutch pin q' into engagement with the spur
wheel n just before the loom is automatically stopped as before explained, in order
that the fur motion may be put into action to traverse the fur guide across the
loom immediately following the last pick of the given number of picks of jute
so that the fur pick shall be put across the loom before a change is made again
for another shed whereby I avoid the extra revolution of the loom required to
form another shed for the fur pick and save time.
I may, however, if desired arrange the parts so as to lay the fur pick in a
separate shed, and for such purpose I may employ suitable segmental toothed
wheels in lieu of the pinion ¹ and spur wheel », one of said segmental wheels
having two or more plain portions on its periphery and being moveable on shaft o
into and out of gear with the other segmental wheel by the action of the clutch
fork and tappet s.
To prevent over running of shaft o I employ a lever a centred at r¹ and having
at its upper end a bowl which is adapted to enter and engage with one of the
recesses or curved indents y on the periphery of a disc or plate y' secured on said
shaft o each time the shaft has been rotated half a revolution as described and
by means of a spiral spring thereby hold the shaft o firmly in position when
disengaged from the spur wheel n.
By disconnecting the star wheel m the loom can be used for ordinary weaving,
and by employing star wheels having different numbers of notches or recesses m³,
the picks can be varied accordingly.
The ordinary picking from either end of the loom can be varied at will by
placing on the ordinary tappet shaft a suitable cam which, by acting on a lever
(Fig. 2) will lift a catch out of gear with a notch or shoulder on arm 2 which
moves at each pick. The catch is secured to the ordinary picking arm
which is connected at to the picking stick in the usual manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:--
(1) In looms for weaving Axminster, chenille or like carpets, the means for
actuating the loom and stopping it automatically at pre-determined times, com-
prising a bevil wheel loosely mounted on the crank shaft and driven constantly
by a small bevil on the main driving shaft, a sliding clutch for locking said loose
bevil with the shaft and disconnecting it therefrom, a clutch fork engaging said
sliding clutch, a spring and tappet for actuating said clutch fork and a peg and
star wheel motion for giving intermittent rotary motion to the shaft on which the
tappet is mounted, substantially as herein shewn and described and for purposes
set forth.
(2) In looms for weaving Axminster, chenille or like carpets, the means for
automatically imparting motion to the band pulley after the insertion of a given
number of picks of jute to insert a pick of fur, said means comprising a toothed
pinion fast on the boss of the loose driven bevil, a spur wheel gearing with aid
pinion and running loose on a short shaft, a sliding catch box or holder and clutch
pin, a tappet mounted on a shaft driven intermittently by peg and star wheel,
and acting on a fork lever for moving said catch box or clutch pin into and out of
engagement with the spur wheel at the proper times to connect the shaft and
spur wheel or disconnect them and a recessed plate or dise and holding lever for
holding the short shatt after each partial rotation thercot, in combination with
the means for transmitting motion from the short shaft to the hand wheel for
traversing the tur guide or needle acros the loom hiantially as herein de evih d
and shewn and for purposes set forth.
(3) The general arrangement, combination and operation of the parts com-

page_text: prising the herein described motions for actuating the loom and the mechanism
controlling the introduction of the fur or chenille substantially as herein set
forth.
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Patent Agents, Huddersfield,
Agents for Applicant.