A New Method of Closing Receivers Charged with Compressed or Liquefied Gases.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Dec., 1893-Accepted, 20th Jan., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New Method of Closing Receivers Charged with Compressed or
Liquefied Gases.
I, EMILE STERN, of 31 Rue d'Athènes, Paris, in the Republic of France,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof:―
Hitherto, for the purpose of storing or transporting compressed or liquefied gases,
receivers have been employed which are closed by a valve, by means of which these
receivers were charged or emptied. The manufacture of these valve closed receivers
is expensive in proportion as the pressure of the gas is increased, which explains
the very high prices charged for receivers to contain these compressed gases.
My invention has for its object a very simple process for effecting the closing of
metallic receivers charged with compressed or liquefied gases without the use of
any kind of valve.
In carrying my invention into effect it is necessary that the neck or nozzle of
the receiver be such that the metal around the inlet orifice be susceptible of being
compressed and of retaining by itself such compression, so that a closure shall be
effected having an efficiency capable of resisting the greatest internal pressure.
this way receivers of all dimensions and forms can be closed hermetically.
My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which :-
In
Fig. 1 represents the upper parts of a metal receiver having the neck or nozzle
of stouter material than that forming the body thereof and with the filling orifice
open.
Fig. 2 represents the same receiver after the filling orifice has been closed.
Fig. 3 shows the same receiver in the act of being filled.
Fig. 4 represents a receiver in which the neck or nozzle is of like thickness to
the body of the same, but in which a centrally perforated metal piece is inserted.
Fig. represents a metal receiver in which the neck or nozzle is of the same
thickness as the body but is so contracted as to form the required small inlet
passage without the insertion of a perforated metal piece therein, and
Fig. 6 represents a cylindrical receiver provided at one end with a centrally
perforated metal piece to form the required small inlet orifice.
In all cases it is necessary that the receiver a be provided with an inlet opening b
of small diameter.
This inlet orifice will be formed by means of the neck or nozzle c itself of the
receiver, or by means of a piece arranged for this purpose and inserted in the neck
or nozzle or connected to the receiver in any convenient manner and place; when
the receiver has to be filled it will be applied in any convenient way to the charging
apparatus P, as indicated at Fig. 3.
In the accompanying drawings the formation of the inlet orifice is produced
sometimes by contracting directly the sides a² of the neck or nozzle of the receiver a
as shown at Fig. 5, sometimes by thickening the sides c of the neck or nozzle as
shown at Fig. 1, or again, as shown at Figs. 4 and 6, the neck or nozzle of the
receiver is furnished with a pieced having the inlet or charging orifice 6 formed
therein.
A receiver of this kind, when applied to the charging apparatus P and charged
by it, has the inlet orifice closed by compressing the neck or nozzle of the receiver
in which the inlet orifice is formed by means of any appropriate tool or instrument
indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 3; this tool or instrument may be grooved and
produce in this case a closing, such as that shown in Fig. 2, with corrugations or

page_text: ribs around the neck or nozzle, which may be in any desired direction or form.
The tool used may also produce a torsional movement and have in this case an
action quite as effective.
The method of closing above described does not necessitate in any way a large
developement of force or of labour, it being understood that the dimensions or
diameter of the inlet orifice may be made so small that the resistance of the com-
pressed gas, which is there produced during the closing, is quite insignificant. If,
for example, there is in the receiver a pressure of 250 atmospheres, and if the inlet
orifice has a diameter of 1 millimeter, there will be, when closing it, a resistance of
only 2 kilogrammes.
The inlet orifice closed in the manner above described, presents, without any
extraneous aid, against an opening force coming from the interior, a resistance
which, according to experiments made, is found to be much greater than the
pressure of the compressed gases, so that in this manner a complete and absolute
closure is obtained.
Thus, as I have already indicated, this kind of closing is applicable to all kinds
of receivers and renders possible the selling, at a low price and for all purposes,
any kind of compressed or liquefied gases in large or small quantities and enclosed
in receivers which are pierced at the moment of being used by any means, the small
receivers consequently becoming useless.
Compressed gas receivers or cartridges may be made by my process for guns, as
well as for fire extinguishers, or for any other purpose where compressed gases are
employed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The process of closing metal receivers containing compressed or liquefied gases,
consisting of forming or providing these receivers with a neck or nozzle having a
very small inlet orifice, the sides of which, after the receiver has been charged, are
compressed together to close the orifice, substantially as herein shown and
described.
ALL 1 CD 1000
Deted the
EMILE STERN,
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton. Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.