Improvements in Apparatus for Condensing and Utilizing the Residue of Gases Exploded to Form a Vacuum in Engines Propelled by Gas or other Explosive Material.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Mar., 1891
Comp ete Specification Left, 10th Nov., 1891-Accepted, 9th Jan., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Condensing and Utilizing the
Residue of Gases Exploded to Form a Vacuum in Engines
Propelled by Gas or other Explosive Material.
1, JOHN TREWHELLA, Marine Engineer of Wargrave in the County of Berk-
shire do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for condensing and utilizing
the residue of gases exploded to form a vacuum in engines propelled by gas or
other explosive material.
In carrying out my invention I construct an encased cylinder the outer casing
enclosing which to have compartments some filled with water others with non-
conducting material, and with passages controlled by valves and suitable arrange-
ments for working same and leading to the eduction pipe of motor cylinder. To
the condensing cylinder I fit a piston displacer which is moved by a suitable
arrangement with each or alternate revolution of motor crank as desired for
producing a partial vacuum which may act on the piston of motor alternately or
simultaneously as may be best adapted to the construction of the engine to which it
is applied.
The objects of this invention are.
1st. To economize the explosive material.
2nd. To render the explosion more effective.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Condensing and Utilizing the
Residue of Gases Exploded to Form a Vacuum in Engines
Propelled by Gas or other Explosive Material.
JOHN TREWHELLA of Wargrave in the County of Berkshire, Marine Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in condensing apparatus for engines
propelled by the explosion of gas and other explosive materials.
The said invention consists of a condenser with suitable arrangements for
exhausting and utilizing the residue of gases exploided, and the heat contained in
them to produce a partial vacuum which may act on the piston of motor.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a side elevation in section showing the motor cylinder and condenser
with the valves and pipes connecting.
Figure 2 is an end view of the exhaust valve cam.
Figure 3 is an end view of the air valve cam showing relative position to Figure 2
and the piston displacer in Figure 1.
These two cams are fixed on a counter shaft making one revolution to two of the
engine.
In these figures which illustrate my invention P is the motor piston working in
the motor cylinder C. D is a piston displacer attatched to the piston rod with non-
conducting material between it and the piston P to check the flow of heat. The

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cylinder C is charged through port I and discharged by valve E through pipe H in
the usual way.
O is an atmospheric valve which may be adjusted to blow off at any
given pressure, or may be worked by a cam, but in Figure 1 it is set to blow off at
atmospheric pressure. The pipe O leads to the atmosphere and also förnis a support
to the cylinder.
The extension of pipe H leads to the condenser which is kept cool partly by cold
water in Win a similar way to cooling the motor cylinder, and partly by a
scavanger charge of cold air admited through valve A worked by a cám.
The cycle of opparations are in this case compleated in two revolutions of the
engine crank shaft thus four strokes of the displacer.
Ist. The piston and valve cams are now in the position as shown in the drawings,
at the same time the cylinder C is charged with a combustible mixture. The
condenser being filled by the displacer. As the piston moves backward the air
valve A is kept open and admits cold air into the space left by the displacer D.
The charge is being compressed in the cylinder C.
2nd. The charge in the cylinder C is ignited combustion taking place during the
forward stroke. At the same time valve A will be shut and the air displaced by D
through valve () Near the end of this forward stroke valve E will be opened and
part of the products of combustion will escape through valve O.
3rd. On the next backward stroke valve O will be shut by the atmospheric
pressure and the residue of burnt products are simply displaced from the hot cylinder
to the cold condenser, consequently the pressure must fall. Near the end of this
backward stroke another combustible mixture is admitted through port I at atmo-
spheric pressure, this pressure will drive the piston forward owing to the vacuum
yet in the condenser. Thus the vacuum works alternately with the explosion.
The condenser may be placed away from the engine, in such cases the displacer
would be worked by connecting rods or any suitable arrangement, but the principle
of the condenser is the same throughout.
Having thus fully decribed my said invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed declare that what I claim is,
1st: A piston displacer working inside a cylinder or chamber provided with
suitable arrangements for heating cooling and exhausting as hereinbefore decribed
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings for the purpose set forth.
2nd. An air valve as shown in the drawings for the purpose set forth.
3rd. The atmospheric valve as illustrated in the drawings and hereinbefore
decribed for the purpose set forth.
Dated this Seventh day of November 1001
JOHN TREWHELLA.