Year: 1897

page_text: I, CHARLES OSCAR NORTHWOOD, of 3, Grantly Gardens, Shawlands, Glasgow,
Designer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to rotary motors and it has for its object to improve their
construction.
In carrying out my invention I construct a suitable cylinder or casing in which
there is fitted a wheel or disc having three or other number of vanes. The inside face
of the cylinder or casing and the faces or edges of the vanes are so turned or shaped
that, when the wheel or disc is fitted in place within the cylinder or casing, a mere
capillary space is left between the edges of the vanes and the interior surface of the
cylinder or casing. The wheel or disc is fitted on a shaft which extends out through
the casing or cylinder. On this shaft is a cam, preferably of a somewhat triangular
shape, which is used to control the steam or other pressure fluid.
The cain as it revolves along with the wheel or disc is made to operate one or more
levers or rods connected to a sliding gate. The gate is preferably fitted at the top
of the cylinder and arranged to slide vertically therein. Steam or other fluid pressure
inlets, ports, or pipes are arranged at each side of the gate and these inlets, ports, or
pipes are so arranged as to be capable of being opened or closed by means of one or
more valves or cocks. A slide or other valve operated by means of levers or other
connections or mechanical arrangements from the aforesaid gate, or the levers or rods
actuating the gate, or from the cam, is used for regulating the admission or cut-off
of the steam or other pressure fluid to or from the cylinder or casing.
One or more exhaust ports are preferably arranged at the bottom of the cylinder
or casing.
The gate is so arranged that its bottom edge or face, which may be made in a
separate piece, is caused, by spring or other action, to bear continually upon the
surface of the wheel or disc or the vanes when they pass under it. The vanes have
also, preferably, spring edges or faces in them.
The whole arrangement is such that when steam or other pressure fluid is admitted
at one side of the gate it acts on one or more of the vanes and causes the wheel or
disc and its shaft to revolve and thereby actuate the cam and the gate and valve
mechanisın. In order to reverse the direction of rotation the steam or other pressure
fluid is admitted at the opposite side of the gate and of course, as a consequence,
causes the wheel or disc to revolve in an opposite direction.
In order to economise the steam or other pressure fluid and utilize it more
effectually it can be cut off by means of the slide or other expansion valve and be
allowed to expand into a second rotary motor of a similar construction to the first
with the exception that it is not provided with valve gear. The low pressure cylinder
is preferably made larger than the high press cylinder.
If desired the steam or other pressure fluid may be caused to expand into
three, four or other number of cylinders.

page_text: Any suitable and well known construction of expansion and cut-off valve may be
used.
The cam
for operating the gate may be of any suitable and well known
Any suitable and well known construction of expansion and cut-off valve may be
used.
The cam
construction.
The faces at each side of the vanes are preferably slightly inclined or curved.
for operating the gate may be of any suitable and well known
I, CHARLES OSCAR NORTHWOOD, formerly of 3, Grantly Gardens, Shawlands,
Glasgow, now of 41, Lady Menzies Place, Edinburgh, Designer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This invention relates to rotary motors and it has for its object to improve their
construction.
And in order that my said invention may be properly understood I have hereunto
appended an explanatory sheet of drawings, whereon,
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of the rotary motor.
Fig. 2 is a cross section of the same.
Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 are detail views.
Fig. 8 shows a modification.
Referring to the drawings whereon the same reference letters wherever repeated
indicate the same or similar parts.
In carrying out my invention I construct a cylinder or casing a formed of a
hollow casting a¹ having two removable sides a², a³, bolted thereto. Fitted within
the cylinder is a wheel or disc b having one or more vanes c made in one with or
secured to it and which is keyed upon a shaft d whose ends pass out through the
sides of the cylinder as shown at Fig. 2. On the shaft d is a cam e having a
groove e in it which is of the shape shown clearly at Fig. 3. Working in the
groove e¹ of the cam is a roller f¹ which is attached to the lower end of a sliding
rod working in a guide g. This rod f at its upper end has a lateral pin f2,
preferably provided with a friction roller, which works in the slot h¹ of the lever h
fulcrumed at h³ to the pillar i. The long arm of the lever h has a slot h² in it
through which projects a pin j' passed through the jawed upper end 12 of the gate j.
This gate, as shown, is capable of sliding vertically up and down in a guide way
formed in the extension at the upper end of the casing a¹. is a stuffing box
and m is a cover plate which is bolted to the extension k. The guide g may as shown
be made in one with the cover plate m.
Steam ports n, n', are arranged at each side of the gate j and these ports are
connected by pipes n², n³, with passages 02, 03, made in the bottom of the chamber o.
This chamber, as shown at Fig. 1, is bolted to the side of the cylinder and forms
a steam chest to which steam is admitted through a steam supply pipe p and
perforated valve p¹. The valve p¹ works in the passage way o' and when it is in the
position indicated at Fig. 1 steam is admitted from the pipe p through the holes of
the valve p' to the steam chamber o and from thence, by the manipulation of the D
slide valve o5, is admitted to either the passages o² or o³ and consequently to either
the ports n or n¹. The slide valve 05 is operated by means of a spindle of and
lever o.
7 is the exhaust pipe.

page_text: cam
The steam is admitted to and cut off from the cylinder by means of the valve p¹
which is operated by means of a bent lever attached to its spindle p². This
lever which is fulcrumed at 2 is connected to a rod r¹ provided at its lower end
with a roller which works in a groove s' of a cam s. The cam 8 is shown clearly
at Fig. 4. As will be seen, on comparing Figs. 3 and 4, the two
grooves ¹ and s' are different in shape. The cam s is arranged to keep the valve pl
open for about three quarters of the revolution of the shaft and to keep it closed
during the time the part eo of the cam groove e' is acting on the lever h and opening
the gatej for the passage of the piston c.
In order that the piston c, disc b, and gate j may work steam tight they are
provided with spring packings t. are the springs.
The lower edge or face of the gate j and also the outer edge or face of the
piston c is made of a separate piece which is acted upon by springs in the same
manner as the packing. The piece u, as shown to an enlarged scale at Figs. 5, 6,
and 7, has two longitudinal ribs u¹, u², on it which fit into recesses or grooves
made in the body of the piston. Recesses are also made at the ends, at u³, which
mortise in corresponding projections made on the piston.
In the modification shown at Fig. 8 a quadrantal instead of a straight gate is
shown. This gate is operated, by a cranked lever v fulcrumed at 2 and a connecting
rod v¹, from any suitable and well known form of cam operated by the shaft d.
3 is a guide arm on the crank lever and are stops.
The whole arrangement is such that when steam is admitted by the movement
of the slide valve 05 to, say, the passage o² it passes along the pipe n² to the
port and acts upon the piston c, in the manner shown at Fig. 1, and causes
5 the wheel or disc and its shaft to revolve and thereby actuate the cams and the
gate and valve mechanism. When the piston c passes over the port n the steam
exhausts through the pipe n³, passage and exhaust pipe q. The action of the
cam e at this time lifts up the gate j so as to allow the piston c to pass under it and
the action of the cam s raises the valve p¹ so as to shut off the steam. By the time
O the piston reaches the port n¹ the actions of the cams e and s lower the gate j
and also the piston p¹ so as to admit a fresh supply of steam to the cylinder
and give another impulse to the piston.
In order to reverse the direction of rotation of the shaft d the slide valve 05
is operated so as to admit live steam to the port n and allow the exhaust steam to
escape by the port n¹.
Instead of using steam any other suitable and available pressure fluid may be
employed for driving the motor.
In order to economise the steam or other pressure fluid and utilize it more
effectually it can be cut off by means of a slide or other expansion valve and be
allowed to expand into a second rotary motor of a similar construction to the first
with the exception that it is not provided with valve gear.
The low pressure
cylinder is preferably made larger than the high pressure cylinder.
If desired the steam or other pressure fluid may be caused to expand into three,
four, or other number of cylinders.
Any suitable and well known construction of expansion and cut off valves may be
used.
The cams for operating the gate and the valve p¹ may be of any suitable and
well known construction,
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
b invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
consider novel and desire to claim is :-
1. In combination, a cylinder or casing provided with pressure fluid admission
and exhaust ports, a shaft passing through the cylinder, a vane or piston provided
with spring packing fitted in connection with the shaft, a movable gate provided
5 with spring packing, valve mechanism for controlling the admission of pressure

page_text: fluid to the cylinder, mechanism for operating the gate and mechanism for
operating the valve mechanism, substantially as set forth.
2. The general arrangement and combination of parts of the rotary motor
substantially as herein before described and shown on the drawings annexed.
Dated this 6th day of January 1898
D
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.