Improvements in.and in Looms for Weaving Sail Cloth and other Fabrics.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 6th July, 1889-Accepted, 10th Aug., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in.and in Looms for Weaving Sail Cloth and
other Fabrics.
I JAMES SUTCLIFFE SMITH of the firm of Sutcliffe and Smith of the Britannia
Mill, Bacup, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature
of this Invention to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the weaving of sail cloth and other woven fabrics and is
particularly designed for application in cases wherein it is desirable to obtain good
selveges to the fabric. In the case of sail cloth it is very important that the selveges
shall be straight and even and it is in the weaving of such cloth that I have so far
made experimental application of my Invention. I impart an extra tension to one
two three or more of the outer warp ends at each edge of the sheet of warp so that
the ends which are woven into the selveges having an extra tension are not so
liable to be pulled in irregularly by the weft. The extra tension may be obtained by
various means as for example by the use of springs or weights or by winding the
outer warp ends upon separate bobbins or beams and applying a brake or drag to each
bobbin or extra beam. In the arrangement which I have adopted I pass as many of
the outer warp ends as may be considered to be desirable through mails which are
suspended from or connected with spiral springs so that the said ends are bent out
of the line of the remaining warp ends and receive an extra tension. In place of
these spiral springs I may use sheet steel or wire springs of any suitable form or
springs made of wood or of vulcanised caoutchouc or any other suitable material. In
place of the springs I may use sinkers or I may use weights connected with the mails
by means of cords or of jacks and cords or wires. When the outer ends aro wound
upon bobbins I prefer to wind each end upon a separate bobbin but if preferred two
three or more ends might be wound upon one bobbin. In place of any of the means
hereinbefore indicated I may carry the selected outer ends over or under levers bowls
or short rollers studs or similar parts which are loaded or acted upon by springs so as
to bend the ends out of the general line of the warp and impart the extra tension.
Dated this Fifth day of Octoboz 1908
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James Square, Manchester, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and in Looms for Weaving Sail Cloth and
other Fabrics.
I JAMES SUTCLIFFE SMITH of the firm of Sutcliffe and Smith of the Britannia
Mill, Bacup, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature
of this Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying
drawings :-
My Invention relates to the weaving of sail cloth and other woven fabrics and is
particularly designed for application in cases wherein it is desirable to obtain good
selveges to the fabric. In the case of sail cloth it is very important that the selveges
shall be straight and even and it is principally in the weaving of such cloth that I
have so far applied my invention. 1 impart an extra tension to one two three or
more of the outer warp ends at each edge of the sheet of warp so that the ends which
are woven into the selveges having an extra tension are not so liable to be pulled in
irregularly by the weft. The extra tension is obtained by the use of springs or by
winding the outer warp ends upon separate bobbins and applying a brake or drag to

page_text: each bobbin. In the arrangement which I have adopted I pass as many of the outer
warp ends as may be considered to be desirable through mails or eyes
in parts which
are suspended from or connected with springs so that the said ends are bent out of
the line of the remaining warp ends and receive an extra tension.
•
My Invention will be best understood when described more fully with reference to
the accompanying drawings wherein Fig. 1 represents an End Elevation of a Loom
only the parts which are necessary to the sufficient illustration of my Invention
appearing in the drawing. This Fig. illustrates two methods whereby my Invention
may be carried into effect. In one case the outer warp ends are passed through eyes a
in the ends of rods a which are mounted to slide in bearings formed in a light bar b
which is attached to or suspended from the upper part or from a convenient part
of the loom framing. These parts are represented on a larger scale in Fig. 2.
The rod a is acted upon by a spiral spring which tends to check the downward sliding
of the rod. When the outer.or selvego warp ends are drawn down toward the bottom
of the shed the springs offer a resistance to the downward movement of the rods a
due to the tension of the warp ends the result being that an extra tension is
imparted to the said outer warp ends. It will be seen that the extra tension is only
imparted to the warp ends or only to the fullest extent when they are being drawn
down. The reason for this is that the extreme tension is only required in each selvege at
every other pick-that is to say the extreme tension in either selvege is only required
when the shuttle is moving away from such selvege and not when the shuttle is
approaching it. In practice I find it sufficient to pass the two outer warp ends
on each edge of the extended warp through an eye in a rod a but I do not confine
myself in this respect nor to the upwardly acting resistance of the spring. It will be
seen that the spring is compressed when the rod is drawn down. Fig. 3 illustrates
a modification wherein the spring is extended by the warp tension. In this example
the sliding rod is dispensed with and the warp end is drawn through an eye or loop
in the lower end of a wire link c which is suspended from a spiral spring d the spring
itself being suspended by any suitable means from the upper cross rail or from any
suitable part of the loom framing. It will be seen that the sliding rod a in Fig. 1
might be adapted to press either upward or downward or to act in both directions
as either the upper or the lower end of the spiral spring or the centre of the
length of the spring might be attached to the rod or a collar on the rod might be
situated between two spiral springs. Fig. 4 illustrates a variation in the form of the
spring. In this example a helical spring e is employed and the warp end passes
through an eye in the end of a link which engages with the outer end e¹ of the
spring. This form of spring is well suited to cases wherein two or more warp
ends in each selvege are to be acted upon by separate springs as the spring e does
not take up much room sideways that is to say in a direction across the warp.
Such a spring may be adapted to resist to some extent either upward or downward
movement of the warp end. In place of the indicated appliances I might use sheet
steel or wire springs of any suitable form or springs made of wood or of vulcanised
caoutchouc or any other suitable material. The springs may be adjusted or adapted
to maintain a pressure upon the warp ends during the raising and lowering of the
same or to relieve the said ends from such pressure at times as for example each
time that the said ends are lifted to the top of the shed. I might carry the
selected outer ends over or under levers bowls or short rollers studs or similar parts
which are loaded or acted upon by springs so as to bend the ends out of the general
line of the warp and impart the extra tension. In the alternative arrangement also
illustrated in Fig. 1 the selvege warp ends are not wound upon the ordinary warp
beam g but are supplied by separate bobbins h. h. The yarn from these bobbins
passes under and over pins or through a suitable tension apparatus ati and passes
thence under a bar j and over the back beam or rod k to join the main body of the
warp. A brake cord loaded at m is applied to the bobbins or to each bobbin.
The number of bobbins might be less or more than three. It is obvious that two or
more warp ends might be wound upon one bobbin in place of having a separate
bobbin for each yarn or end.
•

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the saine is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
(1) The means for imparting extra tension to the selvege warp ends or yarns
during the weaving operation substantially as and for the purpose set forth and
indicated.
(2) As means for obtaining more regular selveges in sail cloth and other woven
fabrics the springs and connected parts applied so as to impart extra tension to the
outer or selvege warp ends or yarns substantially as set forth and indicated.
(3) Supplying one two or more of the warp ends or yarns which are to be woven
into each selvege of a woven fabric from bobbins which are distinct from the main
warp beam and applying an extra or higher tension to such selvedge warp ends for
the purpose set forth.
(4) In the weaving of sail cloth and other fabrics putting an extra tension upon
the outer or selvege warp yarns by means of springs which offer greater resistance to
the lifting or lowering or bending of such yarns than the yarns in the main part of
the warp is exposed to in order to obtain straighter or more regular selveges.
Dated this 5th day of July 1889.
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James Square, Manchester, Agents.