IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LAMPS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jean Baptiste Marcelin Jobard, Directeur du Musée
de l'Industrie, Belge, à Bruxelles, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF LAMPS."
Sealed the 27th February 1857, and dated the 3rd September 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jean Baptiste Marcelin
Jobard at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 3rd September 1856.
I, JEAN BAPTISTE MARCELIN JOBARD, Directeur du Musée de l'Industrie,
Belge, à Bruxelles, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LAMPS," to be as follows:-
The oil is contained in a vessel of glass or other transparent or translucid
material, and the flame is supplied with a current of air, which descends along
the sides of the vessel, and ascends through the centre thereof.
Fig. 1 represents one of the forms of the said lamp. A, A, is a glass vessel;
B is a wickholder provided with its wick; C, iron wire, which grasping the
sides of the vessel pretty firmly, serves to rise or to depress the wickholder
and to maintain it at a given height.
Fig. 2 represents another form of lamp. a, a, is a Dutch beer glass;
b, metallic piece, the inside of which may be covered with white enamel, and
folded in such a way that a portion of it penetrates into the interior of the

page_text: vessel, whilst the other portions act respectively as a cover, as a reflector, and
as a wickholder; c, opening through which the air enters behind the reflector,
which reflector is provided with two sides d, d, which answer the double pur-
pose of concentrating the light and of keeping it in place, so that it may not
oscillate in the glass; e, e, holes made in the cover for the exit of the products
of combustion; f, handle of the vessel.
Fig. 3 represents another form of lamp. a, a, is an ordinary glass, such as
those which are used for illuminations; b, wickholder, made of wire gauze,
and attached to the cover c, which is made also of wire gauze; d, d, iron wire,
for the purpose of hooking or suspending the lamp.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jean Baptiste Marcelin Jobard in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 3rd March 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JEAN
BAPTISTE AMBROISE MARCELIN JOBARD, Directeur du Musée, de l'Industrie,
Belge, at Bruxelles, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of September, One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her reign, did for Herself, Her heirs
and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Jean Baptiste Ambroise
Marcelin Jobard, Her special licence that I, the said Jean Baptiste Ambroise
Marcelin Jobard, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Jean Baptiste Ambroise Marcelin Jobard, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LAMPS,"
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Jean Baptiste Ambroise
Marcelin Jobard, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of said
Letters Patent.
upon

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jean Baptiste Ambroise Marcelin
Jobard, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof (that is to say):-
"The oil is contained in a vessel of glass or other transparent or translucid
material, and the flame is supplied with a current of air, which descends along
the sides of the vessel and ascends through the centre thereof, as represented
in the Drawing annexed to this Specification.
Fig. 1, Plate 1, represents one of the forms of the said lamp. A, A, is a
glass vessel; B is a wickholder; C, iron wire, which grasping the sides of
the glass vessel pretty firmly serves to raise or to lower the wickholder and
to maintain it at a given height.
Fig. 2, Plate 1, represents another form of lamp. a, a, is a Dutch beer
glass; b, metallic flap, the inside of which may be covered with white enamel,
and folded in such a way that a portion of it penetrates into the interior of the
vessel, whilst the other portion acts as a cover, as a reflector, and as a wick-
holder; c, opening through which the air enters behind the reflector, which
reflector is provided with two sides d, d, answering the double purpose of
concentrating the light and of keeping it steady, so that it may not vaccillate
in the glass; e, e, holes made in the cover for the exit of the heated air and
products of combustion; f, handle of the vessel.
Fig. 3, Plate I., represents another form of lamp. a, a, is an ordinary
glass, such as is sometimes used for illuminating; b, wickholder, made of wire
gauze, and attached to the cover c, also made of wire gauze; d, iron wire, for
the purpose of hooking or suspending the lamp.
Fig. 1, Plate II., is a side view, and Figure 2 of the same Plate is a front
view, of another form of lamp, in which the same parts are represented by the
same letters. a, a, is a glass vessel, provided or not with a handle; b, b,
metallic wickholder, made in such a way that the wick may be able to slide
freely up and down the curved channel, provided for its reception by pushing
or raising it at a point c, left uncovered for the purpose. This wickholder is
soldered or otherwise attached to the back of the reflector at a. This reflector
is represented in the Drawing as bent at right angles, for the purpose not only
of reflecting the light downwards, but as a cover for the lamp; and it may be
used also for heating such vessels as may be placed upon it. The hole fis
as it were the chimney of the lamp, and the part g at the lower extremity
is used simply as a convenient temporary recej tacle for the cuttings of the
wick.
"The arrows indicate the directions of the currents of air and
gases. i, i, is

page_text: a disc of mica, which I generally use with these lamps for the purpose of
shielding the reflector from the direct action of the flame and of the
heat.
It is evident that these forms can be varied in a great many ways; what
I claim, therefore, is,-
1st, the method of admitting the air necessary for the burning the flame
per descensum; and,
2ndly, the wickholders herein-before described, or any wickholder made
on that principle.
3rdly, the shield of mica for the reflector.
4thly, the metallic and wire gauze covers, made in the form or on the
principle herein-before described, and by means of which all flames ordinarily
used for giving light are made to burn tranquilly in vessels closed at the
bottom.
In witness whercof, I, the said Jean Baptiste Ambroise Marulin Jobard,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Third day of March, in
the year One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the above-
named Jean Baptiste Ambroise Marulin
Jobard, in the presence of
Airclag
JOBARD. (L.S.)