IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR KNEADING OR MIXING DOUGH FOR BREAD AND PASTRY
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Morgan-Brown, of the Firm of Brandon and
Morgan-Brown, Engineers and Patent Agents, of 38, Southampton Buildings,
London, and 1, Rue Laffitte, Paris, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR KNEADING OR MIXING DOUGH FOR BREAD AND PASTRY." [A
communication from abroad by John Stanyan, of Milford, County of Hills-
borough, New Hampshire, United States of America.]
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Morgan-Brown at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th April 1878.
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN, of the Firm of Brandon and Morgan-Brown, Engineers
and Patent Agents, of 38, Southampton Buildings, London, and 1, Rue Laffitte,
Paris. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR KNEADING OR MIXING DOUGH FOR-
BREAD AND PASTRY." [A communication from abroad by John Stanyan, of
Milford, County of Hillsborough, New Hampshire, United States of America.]
This Invention relates to an apparatus for kneading or mixing dough for bread
and pastry, and the Invention consists in a dough kneading or mixing blade, shaped
at its lower portion to conform to the interior of the pan at its bottom and side, and
at its upper portion to project obliquely across and out of the pan to rest in &
bearing by which the blade is supported, and in which it may be rotated.
Also in a kneading or mixing machine a loosely-pivoted pan, a kneading blade,
and a standard at one side of the pan to support it, the blade being shaped to
conform substantially to the shape of the bottom and one side of the pan, and by its
action upon the material being kneaded to rotate the pan horizontally about its
pivot.
Also in the combination with the revolving kneading blade, shaped to conform
substantially to the bottom and one side of the pan, of a hinged or pivotted standard
to support it, as described, at the side of the kneading pan, whereby the blade may
be quickly removed from the pan whenever desired.

page_text: Also in the combination with the pivoted pan, and a blade to rotate it by the
action of the blade in the dough in the pan, of a sliding bridge to receive the pivot
of the pan to accommodate the different sized pans, substantially as described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Morgan-Brown in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 7th
October 1878.
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN, of the Firm of Brandon and Morgan-Brown, Engineers
and Patent Agents, of 38, Southampton Buildings, London, and 1, Rue Laffitte,
Paris. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR KNEADING OR MIXING DOUGH FOR
BREAD AND PASTRY." A communication from abroad by John Stanyan, of
Milford, County of Hillsborough, New Hampshire, United States of America.
Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of the dough mixer, and Figure 2, a top view
of a portion of the platform sbewing the fastening buttons abutting against the
bottom of the pan broken away to shew a horizontal section of the bridge on which
in one arrangement the pan turns.
The object of this Invention is to furnish a mechanical device, simple in con-
struction and easy to be cleaned, by which dough may be mixed, kneaded, and cut
thoroughly and with less labour than by hand, and without contact between the
hands and the dough.
This device, it is apprehended, will also be found useful for mixing and beating up
other things.
In the Drawing A is the platform; B is the pan; and C is the blade or stirrer
mounted in the post D.
The platform A may be a plain board when an ordinary bread pan is used, in
which case the pan is confined on it so as to revolve freely between buttons 1, 1,
preferably four in number at equal intervals, which are pivotted on the platform, and
are turned so as to adjust them to pans of different sizes and abut against the side
of the pan, and are fastened in their adjusted positions by screw eyes passing down
through them into the platform.
The pan is also provided with a pivot E on its bottom to turn in a hole in the
platform and to admit of pans of different sizes; this hole is made preferably in a
bridge F across an aperture G in the platform, which slides lengthwise of the plat-
form, toward and away from the post or ways H.
A spring catch 3, Figure 2, on the bridge playing into or against the way H, will
hold the bridge in the position to which it is adjusted. With this arrangement the
buttons 1, 1, may be discarded.
An ordinary clamp I turning on a pin serves to fasten the platform to the table
on which it is used.
The post D is hinged to the platform at 4 so as to be tipped, as shewn in dotted
lines, as far as necessary, to permit the pan to be put in place, or removed without
tipping it. It is held in perpendicular position by one or more studs 5 pro-

page_text: jecting up from the platform into the lower end of the post, or into a brace on
the lower end of the post extending across the platform, and a hook 6 pivotted
on its front face, hooking into an eye 7, projecting up from the platform. This
platform may be dispensed with by attaching the other parts, above described,
directly to the ordinary table.
The blade C is made of metal, and of sufficient stiffness, and turns in a hole in
the upper end of the post D, projects downwards and revolves in the pan, and it has
a handle 8 upon a crank 9 projecting at right angles from the shank 10.
.
The shank has a round bearing, and is held in position in the post by a washer
projecting from the sides of the hole in the post, and fitting in a groove cut around
the shank 10.
The blade or stirrer conforms substantially at its outer edge to the pan, and
the shank prolonged would strike the bottom of the pan at or beyond its centre,
so that the blade in revolving in the course of one revolution of the pan will
sweep close to its whole interior surface, and at the same time the point of the
blade will revolve near the bottom of the pan and avoid throwing the materials
out.
To mix dough in the best manner with this device it is requisite to cover the
bottom of the pan with water or milk, with which it is to be mixed, before the flour
is put in, and then to pour as much more as is necessary to moisten the flour down
the sides of the pan as the mixing goes on. This prevents the adhering of dry flour
not reached by the blade to the bottom and side of the pan.
The blade is turned by the hand on the crank handle as fast as experience
dictates.
As the fluid is poured in and the hand turns the blade will revolve through the
materials, assuming as its uppermost position that shewn in dotted lines, Figure 4.
The blade in each revolution not only mixes the materials, but also, by the resistance
offered by them turns the pan a little, which brings a new portion of the materials
into its path, and so on, until the pan is revolved as many times as necessary to
mix the whole mass evenly and thoroughly, and cut it and knead it.
It is desirable to set the dough to rise in the same pan in which it is mixed, and
after it has risen to replace the pan under the blade and pass the blade through it a
few times..
Dough can be prepared for the oven, as above described, in less time than is
possible by hand, and with much less labour, and with obvious advantages in
cleanliness.
་
Having now described and particularly set forth the nature of the said Invention
and the manner of carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that
what I claim is,-
First. The general arrangement of the machine for mixing dough, substantially as
described.
Second. The combination of the revolving pan supported substantially as
described, with the inclined mixing blade supported substantially as described.
Third. The provision, substantially as described, whereby different sized pans can
be used with the rotating blade.
.
Fourth. The means of fixing and tipping the post holding the rotating blade so as
to allow of the removal of the pan, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Morgan-Brown, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN. (L.S.)