Improvements in or in and relating to Pneumatic Tyres.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or in and relating to Pneumatic Tyres.
I, CHARLES SHAW, of Prince's Chambers, Wolverhampton, in the County of
Stafford, Architect, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has for its object to render pneumatic tyres proof against punc-
ture by sharp obstacles such as broken glass, thorns, nails, and the like, in a
manner which does not substantially interfere with the elasticity of the tyres.
Various devices have been employed for the above purpose, such as metal bands
of different forms interposed between layers of the material forming the thicknesses
of the tyres; but such have not combined security against puncture with a degree of
elasticity which has avoided substantial interference with the free elasticity of
the tyres.
For the purpose of accomplishing the above object, a band is formed of woven
wire (preferably of steel) the lines of weaving being diagonal to the length of the
band and thus causing the band to be elastic both lengthwise and breadthwise.
The band is used by inserting it between two layers of the rubber of a tyre, and
preferably between two layers of canvas which are placed between two layers of
rubber. When the band is used for a tyre having an internal tube and an outer
cover or sheath, it may be placed between the internal tube and the cover_or
sheath; but when used with a tubeless tyre, it is made up with the tyre. The
band is, preferably, cemented to the canvas, to keep it from rubbing thereagainst
under its elastic movement..
A woven band such as above described readily yields elastically with the rubber
and canvas of the tyre.
Improvements in or in and relating to Pneumatic Tyres.
I, CHARLES SHAW, of Prince's Chambers, Wolverhampton, in the County of
Stafford, Architect, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:―
This invention has for its object to render pneumatic tyres proof against punc-
ture by sharp obstacles such as broken glass, thorns, nails and the like, in a
manner which does not substantially interfere with the elasticity of the tyres.
гр.

page_text: Various devices have been employed for the above purpose, such as metal bands
of different forms interposed between layers of the material forming the thickness
of the tyres; but such have not combined security against puncture with a degree of
elasticity which has avoided substantial interference with the free elasticity of
the tyres.
For the purpose of accomplishing the above object, a band is formed of woven
wire the lines of weaving being diagonal to the length of the band and thus
causing the band to be elastic both lengthwise and breadthwise. The band is
used by inserting it between two layers of the rubber of a tyre, and preferably
between two layers of canvas which are placed between the layers of rubber.
When the band is used for a tyre having an internal tube and an outer cover or
sheath, it may be placed between the internal tube and the cover or sheath;
but when used with a tyre formed of a single tube or with a tubeless tyre, it is
made up with the tyre. The band is, preferably, cemented to the canvas, to keep
it from rubbing thereagainst under its elastic movement.
A woven band such as above described readily yields elastically with the rubber
and canvas of the tyre.
In order that the invention may be clearly understood, I will describe an
application of the same with reference to the accompanying drawing, which
illustrates a short length of band placed between two thicknesses of canvas, the
upper thickness of which has been partially turned back for the purpose of ex-
posing the band. The strips of canvas BB are, preferably, made wider than the
band A which is placed between them, and the three thicknesses are held together
by means of an adhesive solution such as that employed for repairing pneumatic
tyres. The strips of canvas and the woven wire band may, however, be held
together in any convenient manner, such as by sewing, but the method above
described is preferred as the adhesive material is found to yield with the band
to an extent which does not appear to interfere in any degree with the elasticity
of the tyre. In the case of a tyre having an internal tube and an outer cover or
sheath, the two layers of canvas BB with the band A between are simply placed
in position between the tube and sheath; but in the case of a pneumatic tyre in
which no sheath is used, the band A is, as before described, inserted within the
thickness of the tyre in the process of manufacture, and in such case
it may
be inserted between two thicknesses of canvas of which one or both extend around
the entire circle of the section of the tyre.
The woven wire band should have the ends joined together by soldering or
in other convenient manner. The wire employed is preferably brass, but it may
of course be of other metal, if desired. For the wheels of light vehicles, such as
cycles, the bands may conveniently be woven fifty mesh (or fifty parallel threads
to the inch) or thereabouts; but for the wheels of heavier vehicles, the bands
are more strongly woven. In the case of heavy vehicles, such as traps and
similar carriages, and even in the case of cycles and other light vehicles, if de-
sired, two or more bands may be employed with a single tyre, the bands in such
case being either placed between two layers of canvas, as in the case of a single
band, or being separated from one another by an intermediate layer of canvas.
It is found, also, that the use of these bands lessens the liability to cause
"bumping" which is so frequently experienced when riding pneumatic tyres
over rough or uneven roads.
<
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. A pneumatic tyre provided with a band of woven wire of which the lines of
weaving run diagonally of the length of the band, substantially as described.
2. For use with a pneumatic tyre having an inflatable tube and an outer cover
or sheath, a band of woven wire of which the lines of weaving run diagonally

page_text: of the length of the band and which is adapted for insertion between the inflatable
tube and the sheath or cover, substantially as described.
3. A puncture-resisting band, placed between two layers of canvas and adapted
for use with a pneumatic tyre, substantially as described and shewn by the
drawings herewith.
Dated thin 11+1 dox of al
1808
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Wolverhampton, Agent for the Applicant.