Year: 1883

page_text: I, PRINCE JOSEPH PIGNATELLI D'ARAGON, at present residing at 1 Rue Laffitte,
Paris, France, Gentleman. seek leave to amend the specification of Letters Patent,
No. 4179 of 1882, as shown in red ink in the copy of the original specification
hereunto annexed-by (referring to the Queen's Printers' Copy thereof) striking
out on page 4 lines 31 to 36 inclusive, and the word. "Third" on line 37.
My reasons for making this amendment are as follows:-That I have reason
to believe that the Claims I wish to strike out from the said Specification are
anticipated by the Specification of Letters Patent No 1648 of 1865.
My interest in the Patent N° 4179 of 1882, is that I am the sole Assignee thereof
by reason of an Assignment executed by the Patentee Raphael Hunter Brandon on
the 31ª day of August 1883.
PRINCE JOSEPH PIGNATELLI D'ARAGON
In the matter of Letters Patent granted to Raphael Hunter Brandon on the
1st September 1882 N° 4179.
C
I hereby grant leave to Prince Joseph Pignatelli d'Aragon (the Assignee of the
said Letters Patent) to amend the Specification filed in pursuance of the said
Letters Patent in the manner proposed.
.

page_text: . LETTERS PATENT to Raphael Hunter Brandon of N° 1 Rue Laffitte Paris in
the Republic of France, Engineer and Patent Agent for an Invention of
IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGES, TRAMWAY CARS
AND OTHER VEHICLES Communicated to me by Prince Joseph Pignatelli
d'Aragon, Gentleman residing at present at N° 1 Rue Laffette, Paris in the
Republic of France
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Raphael Hunter Brandon
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st September 1882.
RAPHAEL HUNTER BRANDON of N° 1 Rue Laffitte Paris in the Republic of
France Engineer and Patent Agent "IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS FOR
RAILWAY CARRIAGES TRAMWAY CARS AND OTHER VEHICLES a communication to
him by Prince Joseph Pignatelli d'Aragon, Gentleman residing at present at
N° 1 Rue Laffitte Paris in the Republic of France
"
This invention consita mainly in a ventilator which avoids dust renews and
refreshes the air in the interior of the carriages of a train in motion as also in
tramway carriages and all other vehicles to which it may be applied, the windows
and doors of said carriages remaining shut, only leaving open the small ventilators
now generally in use to serve as aspirators.
This ventilator is preferably placed on the roof of the carriages or vehicles and
may generally speaking be composed of three distinct parts
First a funnel shaped air mouth by which the exterior air is drawn in and
driven into a small box or case, upon which the said funnel is jointed, so that it
may be turned in the direction of the train
Second a box or case of any suitable shape, containing a certain quantity of
water, and in which is accumulated and purified the air drawn in by means of the
funnel above mentioned.
Third a curved pipe or tube leading from the box into the interior of the carriages
or vehicles, and by which the air is conducted and driven into the said carriages or
vehicles
+
The box is divided into a number of parts in the inside, in order to avoid too
great a motion of the water contained in the box, and the pipe which conducts
the air into the interior of the carriage is provided in the middle of the curve, with
a pocket serving the purpose of collecting any drops of water which might pass
into the carriage, the said 'drops being reconducted by means of a small pipe leading
from the pocket back into the box..
Two small water cocks are fitted to the box, one for facilitating cleaning and
letting out water and the other to regulate the height to which the box must be
filled.
The quantity of air introduced into the carriage is regulated by an opening
which can be adjusted at will.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Raphael Hunter Brandon in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 6th December 1882.
RAPHAEL HUNTER BRANDON of 1 Rue Laffitte Paris in the Republic of France;
Engineer and Patent Agent "IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS FOR RAILWAY
CARRIAGES, TRAMWAY CARS AND OTHER VEHICLES."-A communication to me by
Prince Joseph Pignatelli d'Aragon, Gentleman, residing at present at 1 Rue
Laffitte Paris in the republic of France
This invention consists of a ventilator for purifying and renewing, the air in
railway and tramway carriages or other vehicles in motion, the windows of said,
carriages remaining shut, only leaving open the sinall sliding shutters now
generally in use and placed above the doors in railway carriages.
I place the ventilator preferably on the roof of the carriages; the same is
composed of three distinct main parts
First A funnel shaped air mouth by which air is forced into the apparatus and.
driven into a box or case upon which the said funnel is pivoted..
Second. A box or case of any suitable shape, containing, a certain quantity of
water and in which is accumulated and purified the air drawn in through the
funnel above mentioned.
Third. A curved pipe or tube leading from the box or case into the inside of the
carriages or vehicles and by which the air is conducted and driven into the said
carriages or vehicles.
Fig. 1. is a plan, fig 2 a longitudinal elevation, fig 3 a longitudinal elevation in
section through A B fig 1 of the ventilator; fig 4 and 5 are side views and fig 6 is
an end elevation in section through C D fig 1. The mouth piece a may be of any
suitable form, preferably funnel shaped, it runs parallel with the roof 6 of the
carriage upon which it is applied and its largest end faces the direction in which
the train is running; the smaller end of the mouth a is bent downwards and fits
loosely into a concentric sleeve c fig 7 and 8 and into a collar d fig 9 & 10, fitted
on the outside of the box or case e see fig 3. The mouth a thus supported, may,
turn freely in its bearings and may be set in the desired direction without
requiring the railway carriages to be turned round. On each side of the mouth
are fixed one or more stops f. fig 1, 11, & 12, which limit its movement in either
direction.
The stops, which serve to keep the funnel in place should be screwed in to the
box, so that the funnel may be taken off if desired, and replaced with a tap or
stopper, or a stopper may be placed in the mouth of the funnel.
The air drawn in by the mouth a issues through its smaller end into the case or
box e, in which it accumulates and is purified.
The extremity of the tube of the funnel or mouth. a which is inside the box
may be made also of a conical shape, or a cone.may be fitted in the end of the
said tube in order to cause the air to be driven with greater force against the
water.
This cone should reduce the end of the funnel which is inside the box by
5 centimètres that is the proportion for the dimensions of the apparatus shown.in
the drawing.
The box e is charged with water, the level of the water being say half an inch
below the end of the mouth a, and the box e is divided by compartments, see
fig 13 and 14, for the purpose of avoiding any noticeable motion of the water
during the travel of the vehicle. A cock g fig 1, 4 & 5 acts as a level indicator

page_text: when the case e is being filled. A cock / fig 1, 2, & 3, applied at the bottom of
the case e serves for removing the sediments at the bottom of the water.
The apparatus works as follows:-The funnel a being turned towards the
direction the train runs in, air will be forced into the same whilst the carriage
upon which it is secured is in motion and will be projected against the surface of
tlie water contained in the case e whereby the dust, the smuts from the locomotive
and other impurities contained in the air come in contact with the water and soon
after settle down at the bottom But the air, free from its impurities, enters into
a supply pipe which issues into the railway carriage, see fig 2 & 6, the said
supply pipe i starting from above the case e and being bent half round before
issuing into the inside through the roof. The end of the pipe i is shown on a
larger scale in fig 15 & 10 in its center is fixed a cone j, the purpose of the same
is to cause a division of the air upon issuing into the inside of the carriage In
the middle of the curved part of the pipe i is a pocket k for collecting any particles
of water which may be drawn into the supply pipe i, any water which may collect
therein is returned into the case e by a small pipe shown in fig 2 and in dotted
lines fig 4 & 5
"
Inside the straight and vertical part of the supply pipe i communicating with
the interior of the carriage is a device acting as a valve for regulating the amount
of air entering the carriage. The device is composed of a pivoted disk m; shown
on a larger scale in fig. 17 & 18, connected to a cord or chain n within reach of
the travellers; the disk m can as will be understood be made to close entirely or
partially, thus the travellers, can themselves regulate the amount of air at leisure-
A stop o within the pipe i serves to limit the motion of the disk m. The disk m
can be suitably weighted so as to remain in the position to which it has been set,
or the cord n may have one or more holes to engage hooks or buttons fastened
under the roof of the carriage.
It is to be understood that other liquids can be used in the case e instead of
water
I claim.
First The use of water or other suitable-liquid-introduced-into-a-box-or-ense-for
purifying-and--renewing the air inside railway enrriages and other vehieles,—
substantially no-hereindrescribed and shown, by a-pipe-issuing into the box-or-ease
and-dipping into the water or placed above the same.
Second. The use of wheels with straight or helient wings placed-so-as-to-imerense
the volume of air-to-be-introduced into the carriages, as hereinbefore described.
Third. The hereinbefore described ventilating apparatus made of any suitable
shape, material, or size, according to the purpose for which it is intended.
In witness whereof I the said Raphael Hunter Brandon have hereunto set
my hand and seal at Paris in the Republic of France this Fifth day of
December 1882
Witnesses D. H. BRANDON
1 rue Laffitte Paris
P SCHOLTUS
1 Rue Laffitte.
R. H BRANDON (L.S.)

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Fuller Shallis and Thomas Cooper John Thomas
both of the Minories in the City of London. for an Invention of IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LAMPS FOR LIGHTING RAILWAY CARRIAGES AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Fuller Shallis and
Thomas Cooper John Thomas at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents
on the 29th August 1883.
JOHN FULLER SHALLIS and THOMAS COOPER JOHN THOMAS, both of the
Minories in the City of London, "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS FOR LIGHTING RAILWAY
CARRIAGES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
"
This invention relates to lamps such as are used in the roofs of railway carriages
and in similar situations for lighting purposes and our improvements relate inter
alia to means for conducting away oil or spirit that may overflow or be spilt, and
for preventing breakage of the dishes or bowls.
In a lamp according to our invention suitable for burning colza oil the burner
is situate within a chamber below which is a transparent or translucent dish or
bowl supported at the periphery by an annular support that projects below the
lowest part of the dish or bowl so as to protect it from breakage when the lamp is
placed with its bottom on the ground
The annular support is formed or provided with a conical or parabolic reflecting
surface the largest diameter of which is towards the bottom. The annular support
or part of it likewise constitutes or forms a portion of an overflow chamber or
receptacle for oil that may overflow from the burner, whence a suitable channel or
channels is or are provided to conduct such oil to the said chamber. In one
arrangement the outer casing of the lamp is united to the lower portion of the
annular support just referred to.
The chamber that contains the burner has its top and wall or sides enamelled or
otherwise prepared to reflect light more or less downward and is provided with a
metal chimney.
A guard casing or deflector (which may conveniently be a curtain depending
from the annular oil reservoir) extends nearly to the lower part of the interior of

page_text: tlie lamp but so nevertheless as to leave around the lower part below the burner
an annular orifice or series of orifices to admit below the burner air to support
combustion and to ventilate the combustion chamber. Such air may enter through
orifices in the upper portion of the curtain..
Conveniently the said curtain is provided with a flange or shelf that supports
the reflecting chamber.
In a modification a downward extension of one of the casings of the lamp fulfils
the object of supporting it and preserving the dish or bowl from breakage and also
serves as a reflector, in which the dish or bowl is supported. This modification is
without the provision above specified for preventing accumulation in the bowl of
oil that overflows.
In this arrangement there is a special inner casing that supports the oil reservoir
and the dish or bowl in such a way that in the event of breakage of the bowl the
said inner casing can be readily taken out of the outer casing and the reservoir and
the dish or bowl be removed from the said inner casing and replaced.
The annular reflecting surface of the inner casing is below the periphery of the
dish or bowl.
In a modification the dish or bowl and reservoir are supported by the outer
casing, within the lower part of which an aunular reflector is provided below the
dish or bowl.
In lamps of the kind described with reference to Fig 1 of the drawings accom-
panying the specification of former Letters Patent granted to us the 16th August
1881 N° 3564 we provide a chamber or chambers (conveniently it may be an
annular chamber) applied to the inner casing above the reservoir, and this chamber
(or where more than one is employed then each of them) communicates with the
reservoir by a suitable pipe or pipes or passages extending downward nearly to
the bottom of the reservoir. Also we provide for the ready escape outward of oil
or spirit from the said chamber or chambers. The object of this arrangement
is to allow of ready escape for oil or spirit in the event of the lamp being
accidentally upset, thus obviating the danger that would attend the escape of
the oil or spirit through the wick tubo.
In lieu of applying the overflow chamber or chambers, to the inner casing-the
same may be applied on top of the reservoir.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Fuller Shallis and Thomas Cooper John Thomas in the Patent
Office on the 29th February 1884.
JOHN FULLER SHALLIS and THOMAS COOPER JOHN THOMAS both of the
Minories in the City of London IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS FOR LIGHTING RAILWAY
CARRIAGES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
This invention relates to lamps such as are used in the roofs of railway carriages
and in similar situations for lighting purposes and our improvements relate inter
alia to means for conducting away oil or spirit that may overflow or be spilt and
for preventing breakage of the dishes or bowls.
In a lamp according to our invention suitable for burning colza oil the burner
is situate within a chamber below which is a transparent or translucent dish or
bowl supported at the periphery by an annular support that projects below the
lowest part of the dish or bowl so as to protect it from breakage when the lamp
is placed with its bottom on the ground..
The annular support is formed or provided with a conical or parabolic reflecting
surface the largest diameter of which is towards the bottom. The annular support
or part of it likewise constitutes or forms a portion of an overflow chamber or
receptacle for oil that may overflow from the burner whence a suitable channel or
channels is or are provided to conduct such oil to the said chamber. In one
arrangement the outer casing of the lamp is united to the lower portion of the
annular support just referred to.
The chamber that contains the burner has its top and wall or sides enamelled or
otherwise prepared to reflect light more or less downward and is provided with a
metal chimney.
A guard, casing, or deflector (which may conveniently be a curtain depending
from the annular oil reservoir) extends nearly to the lower part of the interior of
the lamp but so nevertheless as to leave around the lower part below the burnor
an annular orifice or series of orifices to admit below the burner air to support
combustion and to ventilate the combustion chamber.
Such air may enter through the orifices in the upper portion of the curtain.
Conveniently the said curtain is provided with a flange or shelf that supports the
reflecting chamber,
In Fig 1 (Sheet 1) of the drawings we illustrate a lamp according to our
invention as above set forth.
a is the burner situate within a chamber b below which is a transparent or
translucent dish or bowl c supported at the periphery by the annular support d
which as shewn projects below the lowest part of the dish or bowl so as to protect
it from breakage when the lamp is placed with its bottom on the ground. is the
conical or parabolic reflecting surface of the annular support & f. is the overflow
chamber or receptacle for oil that may be spilt.
As will be seen in the present arrangement the annular support forms part of
this overflow chamber.
g is a pipe or channel (of which there may be several) to conduct to the overflow
chamber such oil as may overflow into the chamber g* surrounding the burner.
a is a hole for the escape of overflowing oil into the pipe or channel g. In the
arrangement shewu. in Fig 1 the outer casing h of the lamp is united to the lower
portion of the support d which is turned upward.
The interior of the chamber b which contains the burner is enamelled or other
wise prepared to reflect light. i is a metal chimney. is a guard casing or
deflector which in the example illustrated is in the form of a curtain depending

page_text: .
n. nare
from the annular oil reservoir l. It extends nearly to the lower part of the interior
of the lamp but so nevertheless as to leave around the lower part below the burner
an annular orifice (or there may be a series of orifices) m to admit below the burner
air to support combustion and to ventilate the combustion chamber b.
orifices in the upper part of the curtain through which air enters. o is a flange or
shelf to support the chamber b. p is the annular projection that supports the
lamp when in use. The cover of the lamp may be of any suitable construction
and is not shewn.
7+5
Fig. 2. illustrates a modification in which a downward extension of one of the
casings h of the lamp fulfils the object of supporting it and preserving the dish
or bowl c from breakage. This modification is without the provision above
specified for preventing accumulation in the bowl of oil that overflows.
In this arrangement there is a special inner casing q that supports both the oil
reservoir and the dish or bowl c in such a way that in the event of breakage of
the bowl the said inner casing q can be readily taken out of the outer casingh of
the lamp, and the reservoir and the dish or bowl can be reinoved from the said
inner casing and 'replaced.
As will be seen the annular reflecting surface e of the inner casing is below the
periphery of the dish or bowl c
Fig 2 is a section of a portion of a lamp so constructed that the dish or bowl c
and reservoir are supported by the outer casing / within the lower part of which
an annular reflector e is provided below the dish-or bowl.
i In lamps of the kind described with reference to Fig 1 of the drawings accom-
panying the specification of former Letters Patent granted to us the 16th August
1881 No 3564 we provide a chamber or chambers (conveniently it may be an
annular chamber) applied to the inner casing above the reservoir, and this chamber
(or where more than one are employed then each of them) communicates with the
reservoir by a suitable pipe or pipes or passages extending downward nearly to
the bottom of the reservoir. Also we provide for the ready escape outward of oil
ör spirit from the said chamber or chambers. The object of this arrangement is to
allow of ready escape for oil or spirit in the event of the lamp being accidentally
upset, thus obviating the danger that would attend the escape of the oil or spirit
through the wick tube.
In lieu of applying the overflow chamber or chambers to the, inner casing the
same may be applied on top of the reservoir.
Fig 3 (Sheet 2) illustrates the just described part of our invention applied to
allow for escape of oil or spirit from a lamp of the kind described with reference to
Fig 1 of the drawings of our before mentioned specification N° 3564. A.D. 1881.
8. represents the chamber to receive oil or spirit that may overflow or be spilt
This chamber in the arrangement illustrated almost surrounds the inner casing q.
This chambers (or where more than one are employed, then each of them) com-
municates with the reservoir by a suitable pipe or pipes or passages t extending
downward nearly to the bottom of the reservoir l. Also we provide for the ready
escape outward of oil or spirit from the said chamber s. or chambers, by means of
holes.8 formed through the outer wall s+ of the chamber 8.
Fig 4 shows the overflow chamber in horizontal section in the line A. B. of
Fig 3
In Figs 5 and 6 (sheet 3) is illustrated a modified arrangement :-
Fig 5 is an elevation shewing the oil or spirit reservoir and the overflow
chambers. In this arrangement four separate chambers 8. 8 are provided in lieu of
the annular chamber before described. s. 8 are holes for escape of oil or spirit from
the chambers. s.
Fig 6 is a horizontal section taken in the line C D of Fig. 5. The chambers s
communicate with the reservoir by tubes t. t. which extend some distance into the
reservoir as described with reference to Figs 3 and 4.
Fig 7 shews in vertical section the arrangement of the oil reservoir and inner
casing where, in lieu of applying the overflow chamber to the inner casing the same
'

page_text: is applied on top of the oil reservoir, and Fig 8 is a plan of the reservoir and
overflow chamber. s is the annular overflow chamber applied. to the top of the
reservoir The chamber s has overflow holes 8'. 8¹ formed through its top and it
communicates with the reservoir by means of tubes t. t.
Having described the nature of our said invention and the manner of carrying
the same into practical effect we desire it to be understood that what we consider
to be novel and original and therefore claim as the invention secured to us under
the Letters Patent first hereinbefore in part recited is :-
1. In a lamp designed to shew light beneath it, and having a transparent or
translucent dish or bowl the use of an annular support or guard arranged to
protect the said dish or bowl from breakage substantially as hereinabove
described.
2. In a lamp designed to shew light beneath it, and having a transparent or
translucent dish or bowl the use of an annular support (which may serve as (or
carry) & reflector) arranged to protect the said dish or bowl from breakage, and
also to form part of a chamber or channel for receiving oil (or spirit) that may
overflow from the burner substantially as above described.
3. In a lamp the combination with a burner of a chamber such as g* a pipe or
pipes g and an overflow chamber or chambers such as f to receive oil or spirit that
may overflow from the burner substantially as described.
4 In a lamp the combination of a perforated casing or curtain such as k, formed
with or attached to the reservoir (l) and a reflecting combustion chamber such as b
supported by the said casing or curtain and provided with a chimney i substantially
as described.
5 In a lamp the combination of parts constructed arranged and operating as
described with reference to Fig 1 of the drawings.
6 In a lamp the use of an inner casing such as q provided with a reflecting
surface such as e and serving to support and protect a transparent or translucent
dish or bowl substantially as described with reference to Fig 2 of the drawings.
7 In a lamp the combination of parts constructed arranged and operating as
described with reference to Fig 2 of the drawings.
8 In a lamp supporting and protecting the transparent or translucent dish or
bowl by means of the outer casing hand providing the said casing with a reflecting
surface such as e substantially as described with reference to Fig 2ª of the
drawings.
9 In a lamp of the kind described with reference to Fig 1 of the drawings
accompanying the Specification of Letters Patent N° 3564. granted to us and
dated the 16th day of August 1881,-providing for escape of oil or spirit from the
reservoir in the event of the lamp being upset or tilted substantially as and by the
means hereinabove described with reference respectively to Figs 3 and 4; Figs 5
and 6, and Figs 7 and 8 of the drawings, hereunto annexed.
In witness whereof we the said John Fuller Shallis and Thomas Cooper John
Thomas have bereunto set our hands and seals this twenty-ninth day of February
in the year of Our Lord one thousand eight hundred and eighty-four.
TATT