Improvements in Springs for Umbrella and similar Sticks.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Apr., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 4th Jan., 1894-Accepted, 10th Feb., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Springs for Umbrella and similar Sticks.
I, ROBERT EDWIN Moss, of 11 Beecher Terrace, Philip Lane, Tottenham,
in the County of Middlesex, Umbrella Maker, do hereby declare the nature of.
this invention to be as follows:-
."
Usually these springs are made of a simple piece of wire bent to the required
shape and of relatively considerable length which results in the formation of a long
groove in the stick which necessarily weakens it. With the improved forms now
to be described I am enabled to do with a short groove only.
In one form I take a piece of wire, bend it to the usual form for the exterior
portion of the spring but inside instead of carrying the wire down a long length
I double it back again to form the spring and thus reduce the length of the
groove by about one-half. The doubled end may be sunk into the wood sufficiently
to retain the spring in position and in this and other cases one or more cross pins
may be employed where required to keep the spring from falling out. In another
instance I form the exterior portion of the usual shape and I bend the end which
usually forms the spring at right angles and pass it through a hole across the stick
the spring being provided by the other end which is bent round and formed into
a round backed spring for which there is room in the relatively short groove-
above described. In this case the wire after the portion which forms the stop may
be bent back parallel thereto and brought up or nearly up to the highest portion
and then curved down.
In a modified form the spring may be made of the usual shape but preferably
of flat wire nailed screwed or rivetted at one end into the stick and at the
other kept by a cross pin from falling out, the shape affording the necessary
spring:
In yet another form the spring may be bent substantially to the usual shape
but may be provided with a second projection or hump by which it may be
pressed in.
A strip of metal may be let in at the end of the cut if desired to protect the
spring from the effects of the swelling of the wood when-wet.
All these springs may be made from stamped sheet metal if desired.
Dated this 5th day of Anril 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Springs for Umbrella and similar Sticks.
I, ROBERT EDWIN Moss of 11 Beecher Terrace, Philip Lane, Tottenham, in
the County of Middlesex, Umbrella Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
This invention which relates to springs for umbrella and similar sticks will be
best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings which represent some
of the ways in which this invention may be carried into effect, and in which I have
used like letters to indicate like parts, and I will describe each figure in turn ; all

page_text: the figures, excepting Figure 6 represent sections through the sticks, some being
canes and some solid sticks.
Figure 1 shows a cane A with a central opening A¹ into which the spring is
inserted through a small groove or slot C sufficiently wide to admit the spring,
and passing to the hollow centre of the cane. One end C¹ of this opening may
be slanted partly to shorten the total length of the slot and partly to afford a
suitable bearing for the spring B when opened out as shown in Figure 1. A
cross pin or wire D is shown passing over or through the hooked .end B of the
spring to prevent it from coming out. This is a well known and commonly used
device and forms no part of my invention. The spring B between the slot-end C¹
and doubled end B' lies flat against the wall of the cane, at B' is doubled back
upon itself, the portion from B to B extending diagonally across the central-
hollow of the stick. This spring can be forced into the opening C provided for it
and is prevented from escaping therefrom by the pin D or by a staple or
equivalent placed upon the portion B³ for securing it to the cane A. A piece
of metal E of any suitable description and fastened in any convenient manner (in
the drawing it is shown as a wire or nail) may be placed at the end C³ of the slot C
so as to provide a smooth bearing for the spring B and prevent its free movement
from being interfered with by the swelling of the wood. This metal piece E may.
be applied to any umbrella springs.
In Figure 2 a modification of the spring shown in Figure 1 is illustrated. In this
case the limb B is doubled as shown and the upper or outer portion B is carried back
inside the cane to one side of the limb B; in this case also a cross wire D is prefer-
ably employed for keeping the spring in position. The second arm B' acts to some
extent as a second spring thus affording either great strength or considerable play
according as the spring is made.
Figure 3 shows another form of double spring the end B' being extended as at B³
and curved so that when the spring is compressed the portion B' travels in a circular
path bearing against the inside of the cane.
Figure 4 shows a spring similar to Figure 3 applied to a solid stick, the spring at
the point B being turned at right angles to B and driven into the solid wood of the.
stick; otherwise Figures 3 and 4 represent the same spring.
In Figure 5 a spring nearly similar to Figure 4 is shown but it is provided with
a second projection or hump G by which it may be pressed in.
Figure 6 shows a flat spring adapted to be secured by a pin or rivet passing through
a hole H at one end and affording sufficient resiliency by its shape. This spring may
be let into. the stick, but is so shallow that a very slight amount of wood has to be
removed and its working end or nose B¹ is small so that a very small opening need
be made in the stick to accommodate it. The end B¹ may be retained in the stick
by a pin D as in the other examples.
-
A special advantage gained by the employment in connection with a solid stick of
the springs shown in the accompanying drawings is that the slot to receive the spring,
which formerly had to be about two and a half inches long can be made from three
quarters of an inch to one inch long.
The springs represented in Figures 1, 2 and 3 are shown applied to hollow canes
or sticks but it will be readily understood that by suitably undercutting the wood
they may equally well be applied to solid sticks.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A spring for an umbrella or similar stick doubled back upon itself to
form a hook as at B'substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
2. A spring for an umbrella or similar stick doubled back upon itself as
at B' B substantially as described and illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 of the
accompanying drawings.

page_text: 3. A spring for an umbrella or similar stick having one end bent at right
angles as at B and secured in the stick and the other end doubled back upon
itself as at B' substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 4 of the accom-
panying drawings.
4. A spring for an umbrella or similar stick having a second projection or hump
such as G substantially as described and illustrated in Fig. 5 of the accompanying
drawings.
5. The combination with a spring for an umbrella or similar stick of a metal piece
such as E substantially as and for the purpose described.
6. A spring for an umbrella or similar stick constructed of flat wire and doubled
back upon itself to form a hook as. at B' substantially as described and illustrated
in Figure 6 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated thin and dan of Tamu
ROBERT EDWIN MOSS.
W. P. Thompson & Boult,
Agents for the Applicant.