Improvements in Nailing Machines for Boxes and the like.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Mar., 1896-Accepted, 20th June, 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Nailing Machines for Boxes and the like.
I CHARLES CRISTADORO of St. Paul Ramsey, County Minnesota, U.S.A.
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in box nailing machines, its object being
to provide a machine by means of which any required number of nails within the
limits of the capacity of the machine, may be driven simultaneously into a box or
similar structure of any shape and of any dimensions within the limits of the
machine's capacity; also to provide means for the automatic feeding of nails to
the nail driving attachments of the machine; also to provide means for nailing
cleats upon the end boards of a box and for an automatic clinching of the nails so
driven.
To this end the invention consists generally in providing a suitable main frame,
within which there is arranged a vertically reciprocating table or box support; in
providing on the top of said frame and parallel with said table, a suitable hammer
supporting plate or roof; in arranging upon said roof or plate series of nail driving
devices or hammers by means which permit of their adjustment to collectively cover
a "field" co-extensive with the largest dimensions of a box which can be received
in the machine, and permitting individual independent adjustment of said nailing
attachments or hammers to conform them to the exact details of shape and
dimensions of the object to be operated upon.
Further in providing a supplementary movable top or plate above said roof, to
which said nailing attachments are connected, by the operating of which all of said
hammers can be loosened so as to be varied in adjustment and then all simultaneously
rigidly secured in their adjusted positions, while at the same time permitting the
individual and independent adjustment of any selected hammer.
Further in the particular form of the nailing devices or hammers each consisting
of a pair of funnel shaped nail receiving jaws, slidable on plungers which constitute
hammers seated upon the machine roof, said jaws sliding upon said plungers against
the tension of restraining springs under the thrust of the box carried upward
against the same; also in providing improved means for automatically supplying
said nailing devices; also in providing a double reciprocating table or support to
hold the pieces of stock so as to be punctured by the nails in the operation of the
machine, said nails being afterwards clinched by the further operation or progress
of the work in the machine.
The invention further consists of the features of construction hereinafter more
particularly described and claimed.
In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification;
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the improved machine (part of the roof or hammer
plate being broken away) showing a box in position to be nailed and two of the
nailing devices or hammers positioned above the same in readiness for the operation
of nailing, the other hammers of the series being removed from the machine so as
to not obscure the view of the parts;
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the table operating mechanism, the upper part of the
machine being broken away;
Fig. 3 is a plan view of the top of the machine, part of the upper movable plate
being broken away to show the roof or hammer plate;

page_text: Fig. 4 is a detail side elevation of one of the nailing devices or hammers and its
nail feeding mechanism as attached to the roof or hammer plate, certain parts being
broken away to show the interior construction.
Fig. 5 is a detail end elevation of the nail conduit and the nail feeding
attachment;
Fig. 6 is a detail reverse view of the nail feeding attachment detached from the
conduit, and
Fig. 7 is a horizontal cross section of the same on line x-x of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is a detail partial plan view of the stock table showing the guides in which
are secured the lateral box supports;
Fig. 9 is a detail plan view of the stock table shown with a box end holder
arranged thereon, and the stops or supports for receiving the end pieces and cleats
to be nailed:
Fig. 10 is a front elevation of the same, the table being shown in section;
Fig. 11 is a similar detail plan view of the table provided with an additional
attachment or stock support, elastically compressible and adapted to hold the stock
to be nailed and for clinching the nails after puncturing the stock;
Fig. 12 is a cross section of the same on line - of Fig. 11;
Fig. 13 is a detail side elevation of the compressible stock support;
Fig. 14 is a detail cross section of two pieces of stock after being nailed and the
nails clinched.
Fig. 15 is a frout elevation of one side of the main frame of the machine shown
fitted with a nail rattle box for delivering nails to nail forks by means of which
the nail conduits or runways are kept supplied;
Fig. 16 is a plan view of the rattle box;
Fig. 17 is a side elevation of the same showing its positions at the limits of
oscillating movement;
Fig. 18 is a partial detail end view of the same showing the stops for closing the.
hox nail conduits or runways;
Fig. 19 is a partial detail of the nail fork support in which the forks are held to
receive the nails from the rattle box;'
Figs. 20, 21 and 22 are details of the nail fork;
Fig. 23 is a detail of the runway 67;
Fig. 24 is a detail of one of the side supports for a box side piece, for holding the
same in position to have another side piece nailed thereon;,
Fig. 25 is a detail showing the arrangement of nailing devices inclined toward
each other for the driving of nails in inclined positions into a box;
Fig. 26 is a detail showing the position in which the nail enters the box when
driven by an inclined nailer;
Fig. 27 is a detail showing the position of the nailer and nail when driven
home;
Fig. 28 is a detail partly broken away, of one of the nailing devices adapted to
drive a nail in an inclined position into the stock and curve the same while entering
the stock;
Fig. 29 is a similar detail showing the position of the nail, still further entering
the stock;
Fig. 30 is a detail showing the shape of the nail driver face and the position of
the nail before entering the stock;
Fig. 31 is a similar detail showing the nail driven home in the stock;
Fig. 32 is'à detail plan view of the stock table with stock holding attachments of
the character shown in Fig. 8, showing an additional attachment for supporting the
stock in one operation to compensate for the thickness of the pieces to be added' in
a second operation, and...
Figs. 33 and 34 are detail front elevations of the stock holding attachments shown
in Fig. 32, one showing the secondary stock support in position to hold the stock,-
and the other when thrust aside to allow the stock to rest upon the table:
In the drawings let A represent the main frame of the machine having a suitable

page_text: base 2 and corner standards 3. 4 is the roof or hammer plate permanently and
rigidly secured upon the top of the frame and provided with a series of bolt holes 5
preferably in the form of slots parallel with the adjacent edges of the plate. 6 is a
supplementary plate arranged above the plate 4 and preferably within upwardly
extending flanges 7 of the plate 4. The plate 6 is connected to and supported upon
the plate 4 by means of the screw 8 leaving open the plate 4 and operative by means
of the hand wheel 9, the movement of the plate 6 toward the plate 4 being
adjustably limited by means of the set screws 10 which strike upon the plate 4 or
blocks 11 thereon, as the plate 6 is driven down by means of the screw 8. The
upward travel of the plate 6 is limited by means of the nuts 66 upon securing
bolts 12, which are passed through the openings 5 and support the nailing
attachments or hammers upon the underside of the plate 4 as hereinafter more
particularly described.
Supported in or upon the lower part of the frame A is suitable operating
mechanism. This consists of the driving shaft 13 turning in suitable bearings
having the driving pulley 14, over which runs the belt 15, and adjacent which is a
loose pulley 16 to receive the belt when the machine is thrown out of the gear.
This belt may be shifted in any suitable manner as by means of a rock shaft 17
operative a handle 18 and having a crank 19 connected to the rod 20 sliding in
bearings 21, and having prongs or fingers 22 for engaging and carrying the belt from
one pulley to the other. Upon the shaft 13 is fixed the pinion 23 which meshes
with the gear 24 upon the shaft 25. This shaft also carries the pinion 26 which
meshes with the gear 27 mounted loosely upon the crank shaft 28. Adjacent the
gear 27 is a clutch 29 operative by means of a treadle 30 or other suitable
mechanism so as to engage with the gear 27 and drive the shaft 28. The shaft 28
is provided with the cranks 31, to the pins 32 of which is connected the pitmen 33,
the other ends of which are connected to the frame B. This frame is mounted to
reciprocate vertically upon the guides 34 and is made up of the centrally arranged
cross bar 35, in a hub 36 upon which is threaded the screw shaft 37 provided with
a hand wheel 38 bearing against the block 39 on the under side of the cross bar 40.
The bars 40 and 35 are held parallel with each other by means of the rods 41
fastened at one end to one of the bars and provided with slots 42 in the other end,
in which work the securing bolts 43 entering the other cross bar, whereby any
variation from truly parallel position may be corrected. 44 is the box supporting
table or bed which is fitted to the guides 34 and is seated upon the cross
bar 40.
The bar 40 has lateral arms 45 at each end, which serve as corner supports for
the table 44, the end of each of said arms being socketed to receive an elastic
cushion 46, resting upon a plate 47, the height of which is adjusted in the socket by
means of the set screw 48, the plate 44 being provided with projections or bosses 49
which extend slightly into the sockets and rest upon the cushions 46, thus giving a
slightly elastic support for the table.
The table 44 is provided with a series of longitudinal dovetail or T grooves 50,
by means of which the box supports are secured in adjusted positions thereon.
For the nailing together of box shooks I provide the stock supports shown
in Figs. 8 and 24. These are made up of the standards 51 at the front and 52 at
the rear. Each side is connected by means of the bars 53 at the top and bottom,
the position of which may be adjusted by means of their set screws 54 entering the
hub or collars which are fitted upon the standards. The position of the standards
upon the table is adjusted by means of the arms 55 upon which they are mounted,
the outer and swinging ends of which are provided with bolts 56, which pass
through longitudinal slots 57 in the arms, the heads of the bolts running in the
grooves in the table, and the arms being secured in adjusted position by the
screwing down of the bolts. By this means the standards may be set in
any desired position upon the table to accommodate them. to the box-to-be
nailed.
To the rear standards 52 are connected the spring fingers 58 which are angularly

page_text: adjustable upon the standards as desired, by means of their set screws 54 to
. accommodate them to different thickness of stock. These spring fingers engage the
end pieces 60 of the box, which are slipped in between them and the standards from
the front of the machine until they strike the blocks 61, adjustable upon the bars 53
which serve as stops. When the end pieces have thus been positioned, the side
piece 62 is laid thereon and nailed in the manner hereinafter described.
The nailing attachments are made up of the parts D and E both of which are
secured rigidly upon the arm 63, which is plane surfaced to be seated upon the under
side of the roof 4, and is secured thereto by means of the bolt 12, the head 64 of
which rides in the T shaped groove 65 longitudinally of the arm. This bolt passes
through one of the slots 5 in the plate 4, and also through a similar registering slot
in the plate 6, being secured by means of the nut 66, herein before described.
The series of arms 63 with their attachments, when once seated upon the roof
plate and secured by their slots with the supplementary plate 6 drawn upward from
the roof by means of its screw 8, may all he loosened for general re-adjustment by
a reverse turn of the screw 8, to allow the plate 6 to drop downward, and again all
simultaneously tightened in their new positions by screwing the plate 6 upward.
Each attachment may also be independently re-adjusted without moving the plate 6
by operating its nut 66.
The part E of the nailing attachment is made up of the inclined nail runway 67,
the upper or outer end of which is secured to the outer end of the arm 63, and the
iuner or lower end to the standard or depending lug 68, which is supported upon the
arm 63. The runway is made up of the two parallel side members 69 and 70,
having depending or vertical webs and lateral flanges 71 and 72 at the top which
serve as supports for the heads of the nails. These members are adjustable to and
from each other by means of the transverse slots 73 and 74, through which the
securing screws or bolts 75 and 76 are passed into the supporting parts.
At the lower end of the runway is arranged the stop block 77 which swings on a
pivot 78, secured near the top of the depending lug or standard 68. The top of the
block 77 has two plane surfaces at an obtuse angle with each other, so arranged as
to alternately abut against the under side of the arm 63 and limit the oscillation of
the block on its pivot. The block is held in normal position at one limit of
oscillation by means of the spring controlled plunger or pin 79 which projects
tbrough the top of the block and bears against the arm 63, thus thrusting the block
away from the arm and bringing the opposite plane surface of the block into
bearing contact with the arm, as shown in Fig. 5.
Upon the side of the block, adjacent the runway (see Figs. 6 and 7) the block is
provided with a vertical groove or notch 80 centrally arranged, leaving the
projecting part 81 which, when the block is in the position shown in Fig. 5, stands
at the end of the runway and prevents the outlet of the contained nails. In the
opposite side of the block is arranged the laterally extending hook or finger 82
which projects across the notch 80, and stands off set from the face of the side 81,
so that when the block is oscillated from the position shown in Fig. 5, the lower
nail 83 in the runway 67 which rests against the surface 81 is allowed to drop out
of the runway as the stop part 81 of the block is carried away from it, while at the
same time the finger 82 passes between it and the adjacent nail in the runway,
holding the latter in place in the runway and preventing its being released. The
released nail then drops into the hammer head as described. In order to adjust the
finger 82 to different sizes of nails I secure it adjustably in the block by means of
the set screw 181.
The part D is made up of the head block 84 working on depending rods; or
guides 85 and 86 which are rigidly secured to the arm 63. On the guide 86 is
arranged the spring 87 which tends to assist the force of gravity in holding the
block in lowered position, or to thrust it downward in the operation of the machine,
the head 88 on the lower end of the guide-86-limiting the downward movement of
the block. The guide 85 acts as a plunger or nail driver, working ceutrally
through the head block 84.

page_text: In the side of the block adjacent the nail runway is a nopper shaped opening
so positioned as to receive the nails as they successively drop from the runway.
On the under side of the block are arranged the pivoted jaws 90 and 91, held in
closed position by the springs 92. The block 91 has an opening or runway 93
which is a continuation of, and connects with, the hopper opening 89 and serves to
guide the nail as it drops into the hopper downward into the space formed by the
grooves in the meeting faces of the jaws and into the position shown in Fig. 4.
The grooves in the lower part of the meeting faces of the jaws are of such size
and shape as to hold the body of the nail, and prevent the protruding of its
point, the grooves being enlarged a short distance from the lower end, so as to
receive the head of the nail, and allow its passage along the same without
spreading the jaws apart until the point and body of the nail have entered the
stock a sufficient distance to insure its being properly driven.
Upon the top of the head block 84 is arranged a projection or standard 94
carrying a guide or inclined block 95, which in the upward movement of the
head strikes against the stud 96 upon the stop block 77 swinging it on its pivot
against the tension of the spring plunger 79 so as to disengage one of the nails
from the runway and permit it to drop into the hopper opening 89. This action
takes place as the stock table is lifted in the operation of the machine, carrying
the box or other stock piece to be nailed against the jaws 90 and 91. The
continued movement of the box upon its support lifts the attachment D, sliding
it upon its guides until the plunger or nailer 85 strikes upon the head of the
nail 83 which rests upon the jaws 90 and 91, forcing the nail into the stock until
the head of the nail strikes against the inclined wall of the grooves as they narrow,
thus forcing the jaws further apart, to allow the head and plunger to pass between
them, and to force the nail home in the stock. At the same time the tripping
device upon the head D has released a nail from the runway which drops
into the hopper and is in readiness to descend to the position shown in Fig. 4
as soon as the return movement of the box support has carried it away from the
member D and allowed the same to slide down upon its guide and the jaws to close
together into original position.
It will thus be seen that with the movement of the box upward the attach-
ment D is lifted, the contained nail is driven into the stock and another nail is
released from the runway and dropped into the hopper 89 in readiness for the next
operation.
In Fig. 1 of the drawings are shown the box stops or supports arranged upon
the table 44 to receive the box, the sides and ends of which have already been
interlocked and which is placed in the machine to receive the bottom and top.
These stops are made up of the side bar 97, secured to the table by means of
arms 98 and their bolts 99 engaging the grooves in the manner before described,
which bar serves as a guide or side stop for the box. Arranged at right angles,
but in the rear of the same is a similar bar 100 anchored in place by means of its
arms 101 and their bolts 102 so that the two bars serve as a right angle stop for
the corner of a box. Pivoted upon these bars are the upwardly extending arms 103
and 104 with inturned lugs or fingers 10. These are adjusted in position by
means of screw pivots 108, so as to touch the edge and end of the box top or
bottom, which is placed on the incomplete box in position to be nailed, and holds
the same in alignment with the box sides and ends as shown in said figure, the nail
operation being the same as heretofore described.
In Figa. 9 and 10 is shown a cleating block F for holding pieces of stock to be
nailed together to constitute box ends for certain styles of boxes. This attach-
ment is made up of the removable bed 110 secured upon the plate 44 by means
of the bolts 111 passing through lugs 112, with their heads 113 running in the
grooves 50 of the plate 44 and therein secured by nuts 114. This bed or plate 110
is provided with a series of similar inverted T shaped "grooves 115 and 116
arranged at right angles with each other, and adapted to receive the bolts 117 of
the stops 118 and 119. The bed 110 is also provided with a groove 120 to receive

page_text: A
the bolt 121 of the right angled stop 122, as shown best in Fig. 9. The stops 118
and 119 are arranged to receive the pieces of board 123 to form the box end.
The stop 122 is adjusted with relation to the stops 118 and 119 with its adjacent
jaw in alignment with the face of the stop 119, and with the other jaw parallel
with, but opposite, the top 118, and in such position as to receive the end of the
cleat 124, which lies against the stop 119, the other end of which bears against the
upper part of the stop 118, the face of which is provided with a step or rabbet 125,
the lower part of which serves as a stop for the board 123, and the upper as a stop
for the projecting ends of the cleats. The cleat 180 is then placed in position
abutting against the stop 118, and is aligned with the ends of the pieces 123
by the fingers of the operator, the nail driving devices being set so as to drive
the nails through the cleats in the manner indicated in Fig. 12.
In some cases it is desirable to provide means for clinching the nails after being
driven through the cleats particularly in the style of box end shown in Figs. 11,
12, 13 and 14, in which there are cleats 126 arranged on the edges of the box with
mitered joints. In this case I provide four similar elastic side stops G for the four
sides of the end. These are made up of the anvil blocks 127 of sufficient length
to furnish a clinching surface for the nails of a maximum sized box end. Each is
provided with a vertical walled longitudinal channel 128 running nearly the entire
length of the block, and furnished with a lateral inlet 129 having a check
valve 130. There are also provided narrow vents 131, provided with an adjusting
screw 132 to control the outflow of air. Working in these channels or wells are
'the downwardly projecting flanges 113 of the box supporting stops 134, so notched
as to form a stock supporting shoulder 135, and an aligning abutment 136. These
flanges fit closely within the channels or well, and are provided with packing rings
or strips 137 to make the joints practically air tight. Interposed between these
stops and the blocks 127 are springs 138 tending to hold the stock stops in raised
position, as shown in Fig. 12, and permitting them to descend under sufficient load
to press the springs, said compression being further controlled by the confined_air
in the wells 128, the out-flow of which is regulated by the screws 132. The
expansion of the springs 138 and the upward movement of the stops 134 under the
operation of the springs is adjustably limited by means of the bolts 182 and their
nuts 183. The blocks 127 are anchored in place on the table by means of the
bolts 139 working in the grooves 50.
The operation of the machine with this is as follows: The stock supports and
stops being placed in position to receive an end of the required dimensions, the
boards or pieces of stock 123 are laid in the same with their outer edges and ends
raised upon the shoulder or ledge 135, and abutting against the side wall 136.
The cleats 126 are then placed in position on top of these, as shown in Fig. 11.
The machine is then operated and the nails 140 are at the first movement of the
machine driven through the cleats and boards projecting below the same toward the
anvil blocks, shown in Fig. 12, the tension of the springs 138 and the resistance of
the air confined in the wells being sufficient to force the nails entirely through the
stock before the stock descends so as to reach the anvil blocks. The further
operation of the machine, however, forces the stock and nails down upon the anvil
blocks, and turns the points of the nails inward, clinching them as shown in
Fig. 14. Upon the release of the pressure the springs 138 lift the stops 134 to
their normal position, the air being permitted to enter the wells through the valve
inlets 129 as well as through the vents 131.
It will thus be seen that with the springs 138 of the proper strength, and by the
adjustment of the screws 132 any desired resistance may be interposed to resist
the friction of the nails in passing through the stock in the first part of the
operation, and to insure the points of nails to project through the stock so as to be
effectively clinched in the further movement of the parts.
In order to keep the runways supplied with nails for the continuous and
uninterrupted operation of the machine I provide the attachment H which is
secured in any suitable way to the machine and connected to the-running-parts_so

page_text: as to be continuously operated. This attachment is made up of the box or
hopper 150 mounted upon gudgeons 151 which are carried by the yoke shaped
bracket 152 firmly secured to the frame of the machine. The gudgeons 151 are
close to the lower end of the rattle box, and the other end is supported preferably.
by means of a pitman 154, which is connected to the crank pin 155. This crank
pin is carried by the wheel 156 mounted upon the shaft 157, and driven by any
suitable means, as by the friction gear 158, carried by the shaft 13.
The box 150 has a series of longitudinal slots or openings 160 in its bottom,.
which serve as nail runways or guides to receive nails in the shaking operation
of the box, and to carry them point-downward out of the box. The bracket 152
at the lower end of the rattle box has a cross bar or web 161, having the
notches 162 aligning with the slots 160 of the box, and arranged directly under
the ends of the slots. Upon the top of this cross bar, and bearing against the
side stops 163 may be placed nail forks 165, the form of which is shown best in
detail Figs. 20, 21 aud 22. The handles rest in notches 164 upon the yoke, and
are further held in position by the spring controlled gates 166 which normally
close the outlets of the slots 160, but which are pushed aside by the insertion of
forks, then being in position to receive the nails as they slide out of their respective
slots, and when the forks are removed the gates swing back to close the openings to
the slots, and prevent the loss of nails from the box. It will thus be seen that the
series of forks are kept constantly filled with nails, and they are utilized from
time to time by the attachment to fill the runways connected with the nailing
attachments.
In order to adjust the runways of the box and nail forks to different sizes of
nails I prefer to arrange on one side of the slots in the box an adjustable plate 167
secured thereon by means of screws 168 passing through transverse slots 169,
whereby the width of the box to receive the nail niay be varied at pleasure.
Similarly upon the corresponding side of the nail fork I arrange a like plate 170
secured by the screws 171 passing through transverse slots 172, so as to vary the
width of the nail slot 173, (see Fig. 21).
In Figs. 25 to 31 inclusive are shown modifications of the nailing attachment,.
by means of which. nails may be driven at other than right angles into the stock,
or give a curve or bend in the stock as they enter it, so as to increase their holding
power.
:
In Fig. 25 is shown the manner of adjusting the nail drivers to give them proper
incline, which is done by beveling the upper or bearing face of the body 63 so as
to give the depending guides 85 and 86 the necessary angle. The nail then enters.
the stock in an inclined position, as illustrated in Figs. 26 and 27, the face of the.
nail driver 85 being made of sufficient diameter to permit the slip of the nail
head to compensate for the angle of the nail with a perpendicular, illustrated in.
Fig. 27..
In some cases it is desirable to increase the hold of the nail upon the stock after
being driven by giving it a bend or partial clinch in the stock. To do this,.
the nailing attachment is arranged as before described at the desired angle with the
perpendicular, but the nail driver 85 is provided with a socket 174 to receive the
head 175 of the nail. The nail thus in being driven, cannot slip upon the face
of the driver, but is held rigidly in place thereon, and therefore is bent in the
jaws 83 as over a fulcrum, so that it is given the curved form shown in Figs. 29
and 31, thus greatly increasing its hold upon the wood, so that a less number of
nails may be used to secure the parts together with a requisite degree of strength.
In some cases it is necessary to adjust the different groups of the nailing
attachments of one machine to doing different grades of work, some heavier than
the-other, as for example, when the larger group or gang is arranged for nailing
bottom onto boxes, while a smaller group is used for tie nailing the corners
of the box, or the cover upon the box. The machine is adjusted to do the
heavier work, so that the cushions under the stock bed will allow, the box to come.

page_text: close to the nailing attachments and drive the heads of the nails home without
crushing or indenting the wood. There being much less resistance to the work of
the smaller gang of nailers for tie nailing or attaching the top, they would bruise
or indent the wood in driving the nails, unless adjusted therefor. Consequently
I prefer to secure the rods or guides 85 and 86 into their respective heads 63, by
adjustable means, so as to vary the limit of travel of the part D. This may be
done in any suitable manner, but I prefer the construction shown in Fig. 4, in
which the rods 85 and 86 are provided with the screw threads 176 and 177 fitted to
correspondingly threaded openings in the block 63, and provided with set nuts 178
and 179. Thus the gang of nailers for the heavier work is set closer to the stock
than those for the lighter work. By this means the hammers in the machine may
be adjusted for different grades of work in which varying loads are applied, and
also to differences in thickness of stock. For example when a box body has
the bottom nailed thereon by one gang of the hammers, the same box has its
cover nailed upon it on another part of the table, thus varying the dimensions of
the stock by the thickness of the cover thus applied.
In Figs. 32, 33 and 34 are shown supplementary stock supports connected with
the lateral stops or supports for holding a box or the side pieces thereof to receive
another side piece or a top or bottom piece. In the nailing of the first one and
then the other piece upon the end pieces, as shown in Fig. 8, or first a bottom and
then a top upon the incomplete box, as shown in Fig. 1, it is obvious that the
object is in the first operation of less height than it is in the second operation. It
therefore becomes necessary to either lay loosely upon the bed or table, and rest
thereon, the other parts in the first operation, afterwards reversing the position of
the parts, so that the piece laid in the first instance upon the bed is nailed to the
box in the second operation, in order that the height of the object shall be the
same in both cases, or to supply a temporary support for the objection in the first
operation, which shall be removed in the second. To accomplish this I prefer to
use the form of attachment shown in the last named figs. This consists of the pair
of arms 184, each having a plane surfaced bottom so as to rest upon the table, and
pivoted preferably to the rear standard 52, so as to swing inward between it and
the adjacent front standard 51, or to be outturned. This arm is provided with the
longitudinal, dovetailed groove in its top to receive removable slides or bed
pieces 188 of different thicknesses so that the total thickness of the arın and slide
may be equal to the board or stock piece, the place of which they take in the first
nailing operation.
The arm 184 is held normally inturned as shown in Figs. 32 and 33, so as to be
underneath the side piece of the box bearing against the standards, and thus to
elevate the same by the means of the spring 185 secured by one end of the bar 53,
with its other end bearing against the outer face of the arm 184 so that by its tension
it thrusts the same inward. The inward movement of the arm is limited by means
of the stop 186, carried by it, which abuts against the bar 53. It thus is evident
that in the normal position of the parts, the box pieces when placed against the
stops will rest upon the arms.
When the first nailing operation is completed, by which a side piece or a top or
bottom has been nailed to the other parts, the incomplete structure is removed and
reversed in position, so that the piece just nailed thereto is at the bottom. It is
then thrust along the table between the standards or stops.
The inner faces of the arms 184 are rounded or beveled so that as the box
enters it engages these inclined or beveled faces and crowds the arms outward into
the position shown in Fig. 34. The box thus rests upon the table and with the
piece laid on the top of the same is of the same height as it was in the first
operation. When the second operation of nailing is completed, and the boxes
_ removed, the arms fly back to the normal position under the tension of their
springs in readiness to receive anothér set of-stock pieces. for the repetition of the
described operations.

page_text: Having now described and ascertained the nature of my said invention, and in
what manner the same to be performed I declare that what I claim is:
1. In a nailing machine, the combination with the stock support of the opposed
parallel hammer support and the series of hammers arranged thercon, each
independently, universally adjustable thereon so that they collectively cover a
given field, while the several hammers may be independently adjusted to conform
to the outlines and dimensions of any object to be nailed within said field.
2. In a nailing machine, the combination with the plane surfaced support, of the
series of nailing devices seated thereon each having a laterally extended part,
provided with a longitudinal guide and the pivot bolt working in said guide and
securing said device to said support.
3. In a nailing machine, the combination with the stock table of the series of
nailing devices arranged in a plane parallel therewith, their independent supports
permitting cach to be adjusted to any point within a given field about its support,
so that the series shall collectively cover another field, while adapted to be set to
conform to the outlines and dimensions of an object within a larger field, and the
independent, automatic nail feeding attachments for each of said devices.
4. In a nailing machine, the combination with the nailing devices, of the opposed
anvils, the intermediate stock supports and the elastic cushions therefor atlapted to
overcome the friction of the nails as forced through the stock, but yielding to an
excess of pressure so as to permit the nails to be carried into contact with said
clinching blocks.
5. In a nailing machine, the combination with the stock table of the opposed
parallel support, the series of nailing devices secured thereto, means for
independently adjusting each of said devices laterally upon said support, and
means for adjusting the same toward and from the stock table.
6. In a machine of the class described, the combination with the reciprocating
stock support, of the rigid, plane surfaced plate or roof above the same, the series
of nailing devices seated thereon and adjustable to collectively cover the "field"
and individually adjustable to conform to the shape and dimensions of the object to
be nailed, the automatic nail feeding device for said attachments, and the means
for simultaneously securing and loosening all of said nailing attachments and for
independently securing and loosening each of said attachments without interfering
with the others.
7. In a machine of the class described, the combination with the vertically
reciprocating stock support, of the fixed parallel, plane surfaced roof or plate, the
adjustable, parallel, supplementary plate above the same, the registering openings
through said plates, the series of nailing attachments seated upon the under side of
said fixed plate and their securing bolts passing through said registering openings
and supported upon said upper plate, whereby all of said attachments may be
simultaneously secured in adjusted position or loosened to be re-adjusted, or
individually and independently secured and loosened.
8. In a machine of the class described, the combination of the stock table, the
supporting reciprocating cross bar having lateral arms extending underneath the
corners of said table, and the elastic cushions interposed between said arms and
the corners of the table.
9. In a machine of the class described, in combination with the stock supporting
table a cleating block adjustable thereon and rabetted so as to furnish an abutment
for the stock, and an offset abutment for the cleat to be secured thereon.
10. In a machine of the class described, the combination with the stock
supporting table and the stops for the sides of the box to be nailed, of upwardly
projecting arms pivoted to said stops and adapted to be set so as to
edges with the faces of the box.
to engage the
11. In a machine .of. the class. described, the combination: with the table,. of the
anvil. blocks, adjustable thereon,. and, the stock stops and edge supports having
elastic support offset from said anvils.

page_text: 12. In a machine of the class described, the combination with the stock table, of
the clinching anvils adjustable thereon, the adjustable stock supports offset from
the anvils, and the adjustable elastic cushions for said stock supports adapted to
resist the thrust of the nails being driven through the stock carried thereby, but
yielding to a pressure so as to permit said nails after puncturing the stock to be
clinched upon said anvil.
13. The combination of the anvil block, the adjacent stock holder, its elastic
support normally holding it above said anvil, the piston carried by said stock
holder, the block having a socket to receive said piston, the packing for said piston
and the adjustable air vents for said socket.
14. In a machine of the class described, the combination with its frame and
vertical reciprocating stock table, of the rigid hammer supporting plate or roof
parallel with said table, the slotted openings therethrough parallel with its edges,
the hammer seated upon said plate and their securing pivot bolts passing through
said slots.
15. In a machine of the class described, the combination with the stock table, of
the hammer supporting plate parallel therewith, the hammers seated thereon, each
having a laterally extended arm or body, the securing pivot bolts therefor
adjustable along said hammer body and adjustable upon said plate in lines parallel
with the adjacent edge of the plate.
16. In a machine of the class described, the combination with the fixed plate, and
the devices seated upon said plate, of the supplementary plate arranged on the
opposite side of said first named plate said plates having registering openings
therethrough to receive the securing bolts of said nailing devices, the screw interposed
between said plate and adapted to adjust the position of said supplementary plate
to and from the fixed plate, and the stops limiting the approach of said plates.
17. In a machine of the class described, the combination with the stock
supporting table, the parallel plate and means for carrying one toward and from
the other, of the nailing attachment secured to said plate consisting of a depending
plunger rod, the head block slidable thereon and having a nail receiving hopper,
the jaws pivoted to said head and adapted to hold a nail in line with said plunger
rod, said jaws yielding to permit the passage therethrough of the nail and its head,
and the means for antomatically feeding nails singly into said hopper opening with
each operation of the device.
18. In a machine of the class described, the automatic nailing attachment,
comprising in combination the pair of guide rods, the head block working on said
rods toward and from their support, the spring normally holding said block away
from their support, the hopper opening in said block, the nail holding jaws upon
said block in line with one of said rods adapted to be forced open by the passing of
said rod between the same, the nail runway having its outlet end above said hopper
opening, and the means upon said nail runway adapted to be tripped up by said
block, for normally holding nails in the runway and delivering them one by one to
said hopper as tripped by said head block.
19. In a machine of the class described, the combination with the stock support,
of the opposed parallel hammer support, the nail receiving and holding devices
between said hammer and stock supports adapted to yield and withdraw from the
path of the hammer as it forces the nail into the stock by reason of the pressure
of the stock against the same, the automatic feeding devices for each of said nail
holding devices operative only as a nail is delivered from the adjacent nailing
device, whereby only such devices are operated to drive nails into the stock and to
release nails from their respective feeding devices as are brought into contact with
the stock.
"
20. In a machine of the class described, the combination with the running parts
thereof, of the pivoted box or hopper having a series of slots in its bottom at right
angles with axis of its pivots, the operative connection between the running parts
of the machine and said box for rocking the same the nail forks, and the supports

page_text: for holding the same in line with the slots in said box, whereby in the operation of
said box nails are delivered from said slots severally into the adjacent forks.
21. In a machine of the class described, the combination with the stock support,
the parallel opposed hammer support, and means for carrying one toward and from
the other, of the nail holding and driving attachments arranged on said hammer
support, and projecting at other than right angles therefrom.
22. In a machine of the class described, a nailing attachment comprising in
combination a nail driving rod having a socket face serving as a seat for the
nail head, the nail holder slidable upon said rod, and means for carrying and
approaching the attachment to the stock in a line at an angle with the axis of
said rod.
23. In a machine of the class described, the combination of the series of
hammers, their common support, the means for independently adjusting each
hammer laterally upon said support in any direction, and the means for adjusting
its position toward and from said support.
24. In a machine of the class described, the combination with the hammer-
support, of the blocks or heads seated thereon, the nail driver adjustably screw-
threaded into said block, and the nail holding attachment slidable upon said nail
driver, whereby the distance of the face of the nail driver from said support may
be varied at will so as to adapt it to varying dimensions of stock.
25. In a nailing machine, the combination with the stock table, of the laterally
adjustable blocks seated thereon, and means for adjusting them into position to
support the object to be nailed in one operation, and to be moved aside so as to
allow said object to be placed directly upon said table in the second operation.
26. In a nailing machine, the combination with the stock table, of the
supplementary stock supports seated and laterally adjustable thereon, said supports.
being provided with removable stock carrying plates or pieces whereby their
thickness or height may be varied at will.
Dated 2nd March 1896.
GEO. BARKER,
Agent.