Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Sept., 1894-Accepted, 27th Oct., 1894

page_text: perforated and surrounded with a metallic plate 1, the object of which is to keep
back the impurities which may have been carried in by the water.
In the upper
partition of the cylinder j a small piston or valve m is provided which carries on its
upper face a rod with a helix m² and on the lower face another rod ending in a
rounded off point and carrying a weight n.
The helix m² is placed in the open conduit through the plate & through which
the water enters the meter.
The purpose of the valve m is to shut up the passage whenever the quantity
of water in the meter is at the point of surpassing the maximum capacity of the
meter.
The water in entering strikes the helix m², imparts to the same a rotary
movement in order that the valve may not become fixed and whenever an excess of
water tends to produce a back pressure the valve closes.
The weight n has for its purpose to regulate the ascending movement of the
piston m in order that it may only close when the calculated amount is reached.
The box can be dismounted and thus the cleaning of the filtering devices therein
be facilitated.
PISTON.
The piston is formed of a solid cylinder o and two plates v and adjusted by
means of screws and forming a perfect joint. It is pierced in its centre to produce
a conduit p which affords access to the water to be measured. Between the
plates and the cup leather z is secured which adapts itself exactly to the glass
cylinder a. The walls of this leather are constantly in contact with the glass
owing to a circular spiral spring y located in a groove suitably arranged within the
plate v. This groove receives water from the lower part of the piston through the
conduits a and in this manner the pressure upon the two faces of the membrane z
is kept in equilibrium.
Beneath the lower face of the conduit a leather valve 9 is provided, resting
upon a plate This valve opens and closes under the guidance of rods g' 7'
located in passages suitably arranged in the piston o. When the valve q closes,
the rods act on the water contained in their respective passages, and as their play
is very small the valve closes slowly and thus shocks are avoided. Below this
valve a plate s is arranged held by two rods t, which latter pass through passages
in the piston o and are held suspended by screw nuts arranged on their upper ends
and may be adjusted thereby.
This plates is provided at its centre with an opening which allows the rod of
the valve to pass but not the screw nut thereon which serves as an adjustable
point of retention; on the sides it is provided with two notches into which fit the
plates jointed by their upper extremity with rods screwed into the piston o and
each carrying at its lower extremity a cog by the aid of which these plates support
the plates between the cogs of the two plates a chain 2 is arranged by means
of which the plate u is suspended. The Ings which support the plate s project
over its lower face in order to limit the downward movement of the plate. These
lugs may be provided with a spiral spring or buffer of caoutchouc or of any other
material in order to avoid the shock which results from their touching the plate u.
By this arrangement no smaller amount of water than that which corresponds to
the maximum of the meter can pass the conduit p since the piston weight is
graduated in order that it may support itself in suspension in the middle of the
box a when the pressure of the water is equivalent to a column of 30 centimeters;
if the pressure is less the piston descends, the rods t rest on the plate u and the
orifice of the opening p arrives on the valve 7 shutting up the passage of the
water.
When the piston descends it drives out the water from the lower part of the
case compelling the same to pass through the conduit p and the quantity which
runs out is such, that when added to that which circulates in the meter, it forms
the maximum which must pass through the turnstile. Subsequently water

page_text: accumulates beneath the piston, the latter rises and after it has lifted the plate u
by means of the chains the pieces r¹ turn on their joints and release the plates,
this latter descends, which it is allowed to do by the nuts on the rods t, thus
drawing down the rod of the valve 9 which latter leaves the conduit p open.
When the piston re-descends, the hooks, free from the action of the chains
take up, under the influence of their own weight, the position indicated in Fig. 3.
If the entered amount of water is greater than the maximum and if the valve m has
not closed, the piston rises and closes the exit valve m' at the appropriate place.
The weight of the piston is regulated in such a manner that in order to rise, it
requires a pressure equivalent to a column of 80 centimeters water and 20 centimeters
for overcoming the friction against the wall of the tube a.
The lower plate is provided with a rod 6 which passes through a passage made
in the piston in such a manner that this latter is not allowed to turn but so that it
can rise and fall freely. The passage which corresponds to the rod 62 is prolonged
throughout the height of the piston and may be closed between the plates by a
thin membrane of such resistance that in case the difference of pressure between the
lower and upper body attains one atmosphere, this membrane breaks thus allowing
the water to pass. The purpose of this membrane is to prevent the difference of
pressure doing any damage.
To avoid lateral movements of the piston, the upper plate and the piston o
carry circular grooves into which are placed rings of brass wire o forming a spring
in order to adapt itself to the groove; it being of a suitable thickness so that the
piston can be adjusted itself in glass cylinders of different diameters.
TURN-STILE.
In the central opening of the plate x is fixed by means of a-screw thread a
tube 61 which is the prolongation of the conduit p and serves moreover as the
rotary axis for the turnstile, the upper orifice of the tube b' is closed and this
tube is provided at the sides with three large openings 63 which allow the same to
communicate with the box of the turnstile.
The turnstile consists of a sleeve c which fits outwardly the tube b', and of a
box of a larger diameter, from which latter four horizontal tubes f¹ radiate,
which are equidistant from each other and bent in such a manner that the plane
of the orifice is parallel to the plane containing the axis and passing through point
or centre where the water enters said tubes. These are constructed in such a
manner that the diameter of the opening of the exit orifice is less than the diameter
of the tube, which result can easily be obtained by turning inwards the edges of
the orifice as indicated in the drawing or by making the tubes of conical form.
The turn-stile is held suspended in the water and its weight is poised by the
pressure which the water exerts on its interior against the weight d' of the
tube c¹. If the quantity of the entering water is less than the maximum, the turn-
stile descends and may even arrive at such a low point as to rest upon the head
of the tube 61; this will happen when the valve 9 of the piston is closed. If the
delivery is greater than the maximum, the turn-stile rises and the tube c¹ closes
the openings 63 until the pressure in the interior of the box is in equilibrium
with the weight of the turn-stile from which results, that, as this weight is
constant, the pressure of the water in its interior will likewise be constant.
Moreover the section of the tubes f¹ being constant, the delivery of the turnstile
will likewise be so.
The turnstile turns in its hanging position in the water without exerting any
substantial friction upon any piece, because between the tubes b and c there lies
a layer of water which prevents friction. This layer or interval of water comes
from the turn-stile box through the open orificesc in the tube c¹ and likewise from
the conduit p, between the two tubes.
On the outer part of the box f of the turnstile there is a ring e' which fits the
box and has, like the latter, two narrow and long openings. The purpose of these
1

page_text: 3. In a water meter, an inlet valve as described, in combination with a cylinder
divided into two compartments, of which the upper one encases the valve and the
lower one serves as a filter, the whole contained in a box fastened on to the lower
part of the meter.
4. In a water meter, a piston with a central conduit through which passes the
water, and which forms a joint with the box by means of a membrane of leather
or any other suitable material and the weight of which is held in equilibrium in
such a manner that it is held suspended when the quantity of entering water is
equal to the intended amount, that it descends if the amount is smaller and rises if
the amount is larger.
5. In a water meter having a piston as described in Claim 4 a valve beneath
the piston for shutting up the inlet of water guided by two rods located in passages
arranged in the piston and moving in parallel direction with said valve.
6. In a water meter having a piston and valve as described in Claim 5, two
passages in the piston for guiding the rods of the valve, these passages being
closed at their inner extremities in order that the water which they contain is only
allowed to come forth through the space left free by the rods whereby the valve
closes slowly.
7. In a water meter having a valve as described in Claim 5, the arrangement
of two booked plates jointed on to the piston for supporting a plates and carrying
a weight u which, when the piston rises, causes the hooks to turn, so as to allow the
plates to escape, the latter on its part drawing away the valve q and opening the
same rapidly; returning on the other hand to its original position when the piston
descends and the weight u rests on the bottom of the meter.
8. In a water meter, a turnstile poised in such a manner as to maintain itself in
suspension in the liquid and turning upon the conduit itself of the water, this
conduit being provided with lateral openings thus setting it in communication
with the box of the turn-stile, said turnstile being adapted to rise when the
quantity of water exceeds the intended maximum and thereby cut off the passage
of water.
9. In a water meter with a turnstile as described in Claim 8 two or more
openings in the wall of the box and in the tube c' adapted to be adjusted in order
to allow the necessary amount of bye pass for compensating insufficient delivery
from the turnstile.
10. In a water meter, a register or recording apparatus formed by one or more
horizontal drums with indications on their peripheries, these drums placed one
above the other and moving in such a manner that one of the drums records the
units and the tenths, another the hundreds and thousands, and so on.
11. In a water meter, an exit valve formed by a conical box with lateral openings
and a conical hollow plug receiving movement from the piston of the meter.
12. In a water meter, a piston maintained in suspension in the liquid, adapted to
descend when the amount of water diminishes and rise when it increases, said
piston having a valve within the piston which closes itself slowly when the piston
descends and opens rapidly when it rises under the action of a weight combined
with hooks jointed on to the piston, a turnstile adapted to turn while held in
suspension in the water, opening or closing its inlet in such a way that in its
interior the pressure is constant, and an exit valve formed with a conical hollow
plug adapted to move longitudinally under the action of the piston in a box
screwed on to the exit for the water of the meter, in order to attain a constant
delivery of the meter under variable pressure, the whole substantially as illustrated
and described.
Dated this 8th dor of Santember 1894
R. HADDAN,
Of the Firm of Herbert Haddan & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C.