An Improved Method of Uniting Copper or Copper Alloys with another metal.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method of Uniting Copper or Copper Alloys with
another metal.
I, WILLIAM GEORGE CLARK, of Second Valley, in the Province of South Australia,
Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to an improved method of uniting copper or its alloys with
another metal and refers more particularly to the coating with copper of iron or
steel.
This invention relates to improvements in
Britain Letters Patent No. 3149 were obtained by me upon the 21st day of
a certain process for which Great
February 1889, in which use was made of a certain flux.
The coating of copper or its alloy obtained by this process however was not
homogeneous and pinholes were formed. These pinholes.debarred it from practical
use as salt water and moisture were allowed to work in between the layers of
metals.
The object of my invention is to obtain a complete coating of copper or its alloy
upon iron or steel or other metal which shall be homogeneous and uniform throughout
thereby preventing saltwater or moisture attacking the coated metal.
I accomplish this object by the use of a special flux which is applied to the metal
when in a heated condition. This flux consists of a composition of the following
materials in a finely divided state. Silica, carbonate of lime, carbonate of soda, iron
filings or rich powdered iron-stone or sulphate of iron and sulphate of copper in
certain proportions.
For the purposes of my invention the iron or steel or other metal required to be
coated is heated to a bright red heat, that is to say just below welding heat.
found in practice that this temperature well answers the purpose as if higher, the
I have
metal is apt to burn or oxidize, and thus prevent a perfect union with the copper.
The above mentioned flux is then sprinkled over the heated metal and the particles
adhering to the same immediately melt and flow over its face in an even layer or
coating. The heated metal coated with melted flux is then dipped into a bath of
nolten copper, or if preferred the molten copper may be poured over it.
equired that the coating of copper be of uniforin thickness the beated inetal coated
Or if it be
with flux may be placed in a mould and the molten copper poured around it. A
kin or coating of copper will then immediately unite with the iron and other metal
nd while it is still hot a little borax is sprinkled over its surface which thereby
nites with any impurities causing an even surface. This coating of copper will be
ound to be homogeneous and uniform throughout and free from pinholes.
I wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself only to the materials
amed for composing the special flux but may substitute or add others if found
ecessary for the purpose.
Dated this 23rd day of May 1800

page_text: An Improved Method of Uniting Copper or Copper Alloys with
another metal.
I, WILLIAM GEORGE CLARK, Machinist, of Second Valley, in the Province of South
Australia, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the 5
following statement:-
My invention relates to an improved method of uniting copper or its alloys with
another inetal and refers more particularly to the coating with copper of iron or steel.
This invention relates to improvements in a certain process for which Great Britain
Letters Patent No. 3149 were obtained by me upon the 21st day of February 1889, 1
in which use was made of a certain flux.
The coating of copper or its alloy obtained by this process however was not
homogeneous and pinholes were formed. These pinholes debarred it from practical
use as salt-water and moisture were allowed to work in between the layers of metals.
The object of my invention is to obtain a complete coating of copper or its alloy 1
upon iron or steel or other metal which shall be homogeneous and uniform throughout
thereby preventing saltwater or moisture attacking the coated metal.
:
I accomplish this object by the use of a special flux which is applied to the metal
when in a heated condition.
This flux consists of a composition of the following materials in a finely divided 2
state. I prefer to mix these materials in about the following proportions though not
confining myself to the same.
Silica
-
Carbonate of lime -
Carbonate of soda
Iron filings
-
}
Rich ironstone or
Sulphate of iron
Sulphate of copper
31.25 per cent.
25
do.
25
do.
12.5
do.
6.25
do.
100
For the purpose of my invention the iron or steel or other metal required to be
coated is heated to a bright red heat, that is to say just below welding heat. I have
found in practice that this temperature well answers the purpose as if higher, the
metal is apt to burn or oxidise, and thus prevent a perfect union with the copper.
The above mentioned flux is then sprinkled over the heated metal and the particles
adhering to the same immediately melt and flow over its face in an even layer or
coating. The heated metal coated with melted flux is then dipped into a bath of
molten copper, or if preferred the molten copper may be poured over it. Or if it be
required that the coating of copper be of uniform thickness the heated metal coated
with flux may be placed in a mould and the molten copper poured around it. A skin
or coating of copper will then immediately unite with the iron and other metal.
While still hot a little borax is sprinkled over the surface of the copper for the
The coating of
purpose of removing any impurities and producing an even surface.
copper will be found to be homogeneous and uniform throughout and free from
pinholes.
In the same way by raising iron or steel or other metal and sheet copper-or two
surfaces of copper or its alloys-to a welding heat, the two may be welded together
the A

page_text: I wish it to be distinctly understood that I do not confine myself to the exact
proportions of the materials named for composing the special flux but find that the
proportions given well answer the purpose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The improved method of uniting copper with another metal consisting essentially
of the application to the heated metal of a flux composed of silica, carbonate of lime,
carbonate of soda, iron or sulphate of iron, and sulphate of copper in a finely divided
state, in substantially the proportions and for the purpose specified.
VOICE CHR
20th day of May 189.
W. G. CLARK.
Boult & Wade,
Agents for the Applicant.
W. G. CLARK.
Boult & Wade,
Agents for the Applicant.