Improvements in and relating to Filters.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Jan., 1894-Accepted, 17th Feb., 1894
COMIDELE DIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Filters.
I, ROBERT TOCHTERMANN, Merchant of 4 Maffei Strasse Munich in the
Kingdom of Bavaria, German Empire, do hereby declare the nature of my
invention and in what manner the same is performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following Specification :-
The object of the present invention is to provide a filter, by means of which
every kind of liquid may be thoroughly and effectually purified and I have found
this object to be best obtained by employing asbestos and horsehair as filtering
materials.
For ordinary filters I employ a bag consisting of a layer of finely separated
fibrous asbestos which has been pressed into a sheet, said layer being covered on
the outside or inside or both outside and inside by a closely woven horsehair-fabric.
In filters in which the liquid to be purified is forced through the filtering mass by
pressure, a layer of compressed fibrous asbestos is employed between two layers of
horsehair also compressed, all layers being held in place and compressed by a
suitable metallic casing having inlet and outlet one on each side of the said three
layers.
And in order to make this present Specification more easily intelligible reference
is had to the accompanying drawing in which similar letters denote similar parts
throughout the several views:-
Fig. 1 being a vertical section through a filtering bag,
Fig. 2 a cross section on line x x in Fig. 1,
Fig. 3 a vertical section through the filtering mass and casing for a filter where
pressure is employed and
Fig. 4 a cross section on line y y in Fig. 3.
Referring to Fig. 1: a is a ring of hard rubber or other suitable material, to
which is attached at b the filtering bag consisting of a layer of finely separated and
subsequently compressed asbestos, e, or the same may consist of finely woven
asbestos fibres, outside this layer is a second layer c of finely woven horsehair
fabric, or the asbestos may be covered on both sides at c and d with a finely woven
horsehair covering.
In Fig. 3 the filtering mass consists of a layer of compressed, fibrous asbestos e
having above and below a layer of compressed horsehair, c and d, the whole being
enclosed in a metallic or other casing f having upper inlet and lower outlet for the
liquid under pressure.
The advantages of a filtering mass of the above description are that the same
affords a greater filtering surface to the liquid under treatment and that the
impurities filtered from the liquid serve as filtering material, so that the liquid
passed through the filter from the first, except in the case of very thin fluids-
is thoroughly and efficiently purified. In the case of very thin fluids the first liquid
passing the filtering mass has to be drawn off. Horsehair has been chosen because
the same is impervious to the attacks of, nor does it absorb any liquid.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and the manner of performing the same, what I claim is :—
1. A filter in which the filtering mass consists of alternate layers of asbestos and
horsehair substantially as described.
2. A filtering bag consisting of a layer of finely separated subsequently com-
pressed fibrous asbestos and a finely woven horsehair fabric substantially as
described.

page_text: 3. The combination of the ring a and bag attached to same consisting of a layer
of asbestos e, an outside finely woven horsehair fabric c and similar interior fabric d
substantially as described.
4. The combination of the compressed asbestos layer e, the upper and lower
compressed horsehair layers c and d and a casing f to enclose all three layers, said
casing having inlet at the top and lower outlet substantially as described.
Dated this 3rd day of January 1894.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.