CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MANGLING, DRYING, DAMPING, AND FINISHING WOVEN GOODS OR FABRICS
Year: 1840

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HUGH
UNSWORTH, of Blackrod, in the County of Lancaster, Bleacher, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-seventh day of August, in the fourth year of
IIer reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
mc, the said Hugh Unsworth, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilége
and authority, that I, the said Hugh Unsworth, my executors, adminis
trators, and assigns, such others as I, the said Hugh Unsworth, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should agree with, and no other, from time to
time and at all times during the term of years therein "expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England and
Wales and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MANGLING, DRYING, DAMPING, AND
FINISHING WOVEN GOODS OR FABRICS;" in which Letters Patent is contained
a proviso, that I, the said Hugh Unsworth, shall cause a particular description
of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part
recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto
had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Hugh Unsworth, do hereby declare that the nature of niy said Invention, and

page_text: the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described and
ascertained in and by the Drawings hereto,annexed, and the following expla-
nation thereof, that is to say :-
My Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Mangling, Drying,
Damping, and Finishing Woven Goods or Fabrics consist,-
Firstly, in a certain combination or arrangement of mechanism or apparatus,
whereby all such processes of mangling, drying, damping, and finishing
employed in bleaching goods or other operations, may be performed in one
machine instead of being separately effected by distinct machines or processes,
as hitherto done, and thus producing a much better "finish & condition"
upon the calicoes or other fabrics, and also greatly economizing hand
labour.
Secondly, in passing the cloth, after it has been once dried, again partially
through the mangling or calendering portion of the apparatus, and in contact
with the wet cloth, in order that the dry cloth may thus be damped or "con-
ditioned, which necessary process in finishing woven goods or fabrics. is
usually performed separately by a damping machine.
And, lastly, in the application of a drying cylinder to the ordinary mangling
or calendering apparatus, thereby rendering that machine much more effective
in its operation upon the cloth, in those instances where my improved com-
bination or arrangement of machinery is employed in mangling only, and not
for the finishing process.
But in order that these improvements may be perfectly understood, I have
attached to these Presents two Sheets of Drawings, exhibiting several views of
my. improved apparatus, and drawn of about the scale of one inch to the foot,
and have marked the same with figures and letters of reference, having placed
similar letters upon corresponding parts of the machinery in all the Figures.
In Sheet 1, Figure 1, represents a side clevation of my improved apparatus,
and represented as adapted to operate upon calicoes, &c. subsequent to the
process of bleaching.
f
In Sheet 2, Figure 2 represents a similar view in section, taken vertically
through about the middle of the machine,, and Figure 3 is a front or end
elevation of the same... The main framing or standard of the machine a, a, b, b,
support or carry ordinary mangling or calendering bowls or rollers c, c, c, c,
(composed as usual, some of brass or metal, and others of paper or cotton,, as
required) bearing in steps or pedestals d, d, d, d, and also a large drying
cylinder e, e, heated by steam through, its axis supplied by the pipe for
otherwise; other auxilliary drying cylinders 9, 9, 9, 9, are also provided and
suitably furnished with tension or guide rollers, h, h, h,h. When the drying

page_text: surface of the cylinder e is not found sufficient, as in the mangling process
only, the machine is also provided with heavy weighted leverage i, i, and
connecting links k, k, for the purpose of increasing the pressure of the
mangling cylinders e, e, and dispelling the greater portion of wetness in the
first instance as the cloth enters the machine, passing over the stretching or
distending bars 1, 1, 1, 1. There is also the ordinary similar weighted leverage
m, m, applied to the upper calendering rollers c, c, and also the usual lifting
bar n, n, with its rack and pinion 0, 0, to be worked by a winch handle for
raising the two upper rollers c, c, when necessary, by micans of links or rods
P. P. The improved mechanical arrangements and combination of the appa-
ratus being now understood, I will proceed to describe their operation. The
wet cloth as it comes from the squeezers, after bleaching or any other wet
process, is placed upon a scray or table, and first guided by the hands of the
attendant over and under the stretching rails 1, 1, 1, 1, and passed between the
two lower mangling rollers c, c, where great pressure being applied, as before
stated, it is ready to proceed immediately around the drying cylinder e, e,
when it may be only partially dried, and passing onwards (in the direction of the
arrow) is submitted to the upper calendering cylinders c, c, and over the other
drying cylinders 9, 9, 9, 9, as indicated by the red line in the Drawing, when
the dried cloth is again passed into the machine at the back, proceeding from
the surface of the lowest drying cylinder g, as indicated by the blue line,
which represents the same piece of cloth going through the calandering
bowls c, c, a second time, and in contact with the wet or only partially dried
cloth, and thus receiving the operation of damping by such contact only,
instead of being separately damped by another machine, as heretofore done,
this damping and finishing operation being thus much better performed, and
the "condition" and "finish" of the cloth materially improved when it is
wound upon a roll at 9 by a strap r passing around the pullies s, s, or in any
other convenient manner.
Lastly, I would remark that an ordinary stretching cylinder may also be
employed in this machinery in place of the rails 1,1, as shewn by dots in
Figure 2, and that I have not represented the whole of the gearing for driving
the machinery, as that will be well understood to depend entirely upon the
particular situation of the machinery, and its arrangement with reference to
the moving power.
In witness whereof, I, the said Hugh Unsworth, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of January, One thousand eight
hundead and fanto are
HUGH (L.S.) UNSWORTH.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-fifth day of February, in
the fourth year of the reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria, the said Hugh
Unsworth came before our said Lady the Queen in Her .Chancery, and
acknowledged the Instrument aforesaid, and all and every thing therein
contained and specified, in form above written. And also the Instrument 5
aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the. Statute made in the
fifty-fifth year of the reign of His late Majesty King George the Third.
Inrolled the Twenty-seventh day of February, One thousand eight
hundred and forty-one.