IMPROVE- MENTS IN ELIMINATING PHOSPHORUS FROM PHOSPHORETIC PIG IRON BY FORCING LIME MIXED WITH AIR THROUGH MOLTEN IRON, AND FOR PRO- TECTING THE LINING OF CONVERTERS BY REASON OF THE LIME TAKING UP THE IMPURITIES OF THE IRON, AND SO SAVING THE BASIC OR OTHER LINING of the ConVERTERS.”
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Thomas Reade, of No. 1, King's Bench Walk,
Temple, London, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN ELIMINATING PHOSPHORUS FROM PHOSPHORETIC PIG IRON BY
FORCING LIME MIXED WITH AIR THROUGH MOLTEN IRON, AND FOR PRO-
TECTING THE LINING OF CONVERTERS BY REASON OF THE LIME TAKING UP
THE IMPURITIES OF THE IRON, AND SO SAVING THE BASIC OR OTHER LINING
of the ConVERTERS.”
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Thomas Reade at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd April 1879.
FREDERICK THOMAS READE, of No. 1, King's Bench Walk, Temple, London, in
the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELIMINATING PHOSPHORUS FROM
PHOSPHORETIC PIG IRON BY FORCING LIME MIXED WITH AIR THROUGH MOLTEN
IRON, AND FOR PROTECTING THE LINING OF CONVERTERS BY REASON OF THE
LIME TAKING UP THE IMPURITIES OF THE IRON, AND 80 SAVING THE BASIC OR
OTHER LINING OF THE CONVERTERS."
That lime or limestone, either carboniferous or magnesian, be taken and ground
as small as may be expedient in order to pass shrough the holes of the tuyeres, then
that the ground lime or limestone be forced by means of force pumps or a screw
propellor working in a hopper discharging or delivering into the blast pipe which
supplies the Bessemer converter with air under pressure when converting pig iron
into steel by the Bessemer process, the ground lime or limestone being forced with
the air through the molten pig iron will eliminate the phosphorus, which will float
as slag on the top of the molten iron or partly be blown out of the converter.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Frederick Thomas Reade in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 4th
October 1879.
FREDERICK THOMAS READE, of No. 1, King's Bench Walk, Temple, London, in
the County of Middlesex. " IMPROVEMENTS IN ELIMINATING PHOSPHORUS FROM
PHOSPHORETIC PIG IRON BY FORCING LIME MIXED WITH AIR THROUGH MOLTEN
IRON, AND FOR PROTECTING THE LINING OF CONVERTERS BY REASON OF the
LIME TAKING UP THE IMPURITIES OF THE IRON, AND SO SAVING THE BASIC OR
OTHER LINING OF THE CONVERTERS."
My Invention consists in forcing lime along with the air through the molten
metal in a Bessemer or other form of converter so as to eliminate the phosphorus
from the metal and protect the basic or other lining of the converter.
I employ for this purpose lime or limestone, which may be magnesian or chalk
pulverized into dust or as fine as may be found necessary to pass freely through the
tuyêre holes in the Bessemer or other converter, and I cause the calcareous dust or
powder to be carried along with the air by discharging or delivering it into the
blast pipe leading to the converter, for which purpose it may be forced into the
pipe by suitable pumps, or by a propeller working in a hopper; or the powder may
be admitted to the suction cf the blast pumps so as to be discharged therefrom and
carried along with the air blast to the converter, the appatatus for introducing the
calcareous powder being so arranged that either air or air mixed with the powder
can be blown through for longer or shorter periods, continuously or intermittently
as may be found most suitable for the description of iron operated upon. The
calcareous matter passing with the air through the molten metal effects the elimina-
tion of the phosphorus which is collected in the slag floating over the molten metal,
or is partly blown out with the gases from the converter, the basic or other lining
of the converter being at the same time to a considerable extent protected from the
action of the impurities of the metal.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, I claim,-
Blowing lime or other calcareous substance along with the air through the
molten metal in a Bessemer or other converter, substantially as and for the purposes
herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Thomas Reade, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Third day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.!
DEAnn
LOAN DEAND
FREDERICK THOMAS
NATAT
(L.S.)