Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for Cutting Circular Milling or other Tools Requiring a Toothed or Fluted Cutting Surface, also Applicable for Cutting Wheels for Screw or other Gearing, Cams, or Threads with Irregular Pitch, Curved or Spiral Recesses into Plain or Irregular Surfaces of Objects of Metal, Wood, or other Material.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Mar., 1886.
Complete Left, 29th Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 29th Mar., 1887.
Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for Cutting Circular
Milling or other Tools Requiring a Toothed or Fluted Cutting
Surface, also Applicable for Cutting Wheels for Screw or other
Gearing, Cams, or Threads with Irregular Pitch, Curved or
Spiral Recesses into Plain or Irregular Surfaces of Objects of
Metal, Wood, or other Material.
'
I, THOMAS GARE of 25 Booth Street Edgeley, Stockport in the County of Cheshire,
Boot and Shoe Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to an improved method of & apparatus for cutting circular
inilling or other tools requiring a toothed or fluted cutting surface, such as rhymers,
taps, or for cutting wheels for screw or other gearing, cams, threads of irregular pitch
or curved spiral recesses, into plain or irregular surfaces of metal, wood or other
material & has for its object to perform such operations much easier, quicker and
better than heretofore has been the case.
My invention consists in the combination of a suitably rotated flexible shaft, or
shaft with universal joint, capable of sliding, with a tool carrier, in which is employed
a rotary cutter, & in the combination of such tool carrier, with a stationary guide or
former on or in which, the tool carrier with its rotary cutter can be slid backwards &
forwards by the hand of the operator.
This guide or former is employed over, or around the surface of the object to be
operated upon and made adjustable on a bracket fixed on a table.
When cutting milling tools or wheels for screw or other gearing I fix the object to
be operated upon onto a spindle which is mounted in suitable bearings, fixed on the
said table, the guide or former may be situated either underneath, above, or on the
side of the surface of the object to be cut.
On the said spindle I fix a dividing wheel or disc having a certain number of
recesses or notches which engage a suitably fixed catch, by means of which the object
to be cut is rotated and locked in position, each time the rotary cutter employed in
the tool carrier, has to make a cut.

page_text: The bracket in which this spindle is mounted I make adjustable for the purpose of
changing the relative position of the object to be cut and the guide or former, so as to
cut the object at any angle desired.
When cutting or fluting rhymers, taps etc., or cutting cams, curved or spiral
recesses into plain or irregular surfaces of metal, wood or other material, the object to
be operated upon is fixed between two centres on the said table or fixed into, or to,
the said guide or former in such a manner as to be adjustable in order that the object
to be operated upon, may be fixed in a position relative to the guide or former which
will produce the desired cut.
•
This guide or former may be cast or made of rods of steel or sheet steel, and is
shaped according to the surface of the object or form of the tooth or recess to be cut.
The said tool carrier, I make preferably of spring steel in order that the same will
always slide steadily in or on the guide or former, and of such a shape as to prevent
the hand of the operator from coming into contact with the rotating cutter, when
sliding the tool carrier, in the guide or former; backwards or forwards.
Instead of actuating the tool carrier & the object to be cut by hand, the same may
be made to move self-actingly by special or well known means, in the following
manner :-
The said tool carrier I bring into connection by means of a rod and crank pin with
a disc having a radial slot formed in its face in which latter the crank pin can be
adjusted at leisure for the purpose of varying the travel of the tool & carrier.
This disc on its circumference is formed with teeth or is on its side furnished with a
worm wheel, which is brought into gear with a worm fixed on a shaft suitably
rotated.
This shaft is provided with a cord pulley on which is fastened & wound a cord or
band having a weight attached at its free end. The object of this cord pulley and
weight is to prevent the tool when cutting from vibrating, and to increase its effect by
constantly pressing and backing the tool against the object under operation, whilst the
speed at which the tool & carrier are brought back by the crank pin, gets increased.
When the tool and carrier have returned, and the tool has left the object to be
operated upon, a portion of the tool or carrier comes into contact with the catch,
which locks the dividing wheol or disc fixed on the spindle carrying the object to
be cut.
This dividing wheel or disc is also furnished with a pulley to receive a cord or band
with a weight, which on the tool or carrier coming in contact with, & lifting the
said catch, the said dividing wheel or disc gets released and causes the latter to rotate,
until the catch, by means of a spring, drops into the next recess in the dividing wheel
or disc, and keeps the latter locked during the forward and backward motions of the
tool and carrier.
The said weight may be brought suitably in connection with the driving gear of the
machine and its descent so regulated as to stop the driving shaft when the required
number of cuts has been performed.
In some cases it may be found of advantage to rotate the tool by means of a flexible
or other band direct from a driving shaft, instead of by means of a flexible shaft.
Dated 1: 07th J
ALL 1000

page_text: Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for Cutting Circular
Milling or other Tools Requiring a Toothed or Fluted Cutting
Surface, also Applicable for Cutting Wheels for Screw or other
Gearing, Cams, or Threads with Irregular Pitch, Curved or
Spiral Recesses into Plain or Irregular Surfaces of Objects of
Metal, Wood, or other Material.
I, THOMAS GARE of 25 Booth Street, Edgeley, Stockport in the County of Cheshire,
Boot and Shoe Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to an improved method of and apparatus for cutting circular
milling or other tools requiring a toothed or fluted cutting surface, such as rhymers,
taps, or for cutting wheels for screw or other gearing, cams, threads of irregular pitch
or curved spiral recesses, into plain or irregular surfaces of metal, wood or other
material and has for its object to perform such operations much easier, quicker and
better than heretofore has been.the case.
My invention consists in the combination of a suitably rotated flexible shaft, or
shaft with universal joint capable of sliding, with a tool carrier, in which is employed
a rotary cutter, and in the combination of such tool carrier with a stationary guide or
former, on or in which the tool carrier with its rotary cutter can be slid backwards and
forwards by the hand of the operator or automatically.
This guide or former is employed over, below, on the side, or around the surface of
the object to be operated upon, and made adjustable on a bracket fixed on a table.
And in order that this invention may be better understood I have caused to be
appended hereunto two sheets of drawings markod with letters of reference indicating
like parts in the various figures.
Fig. 1. Sheet I is a sectional side elevation, Fig. 2 a plan, Fig. 3 a cross section,
and Figs. 4, 5, 6 & 7 detached views of modifications.
Fig. 8, Sheet II is a side elevation, Fig. 9, a plan, and Figs. 10 & 11 enlarged
detached figures of my invention respectively.
In carrying out my invention and when cutting milling tools or wheels for screw or
other gearing, see Figs. 1, 2 & 3 Sheet I, I fix the object a to be operated upon, onto
a spindle b which is mounted in suitable bearings or bracket c fixed on the table d.
The guide or former e is made adjustable on the rods e¹, and shown in the drawing
as applied above, but may be situated either underneath or on the side of the surface
of the object a to be cut.
On the said spindle I fix a dividing wheel or disc f having a certain number of
recesses or notches which engage a suitably fixed catch g by means of which the

page_text: object a to be cut is rotated and locked in position, each time the rotary cutter h
employed iu the tool carrier i, has to make a cut, by the operator, or automatically by
the following arrangement:
The said tool carrier i I bring into connection by means of a rod and crank pin P,
with a disc having a radial slot i formed in its face in which latter the crank pin 28
can be adjusted at leisure for the purpose of varying the travel of the tool h and
carrier i.
The disc which is fixed on a short shaft
circumference is formed with teeth or on its side
is brought into gear with a worm k fixed on a
driving shaft.
rotating in the bearing 2, on its
furnished with a worm wheel, which
shaft, suitably rotated from the
This shaft is provided with a cord pulley on which is fastened and wound a
cord or band having a weight attached at its free end.
The object of this cord pulley and weight is to prevent the tool h when cutting,
from vibrating, & to increase its effect by constantly pressing and backing the tool
against the object a under operation, whilst the speed at which the tool h and carrier i
are brought back by the crank pin, gots increased.
I may here remark that the rotation of the disc ³, may be produced by the pulley 17
and band and weight & only, or by the combination of the latter with worin wheel
gearing as shown, or other suitable gearing.
When the tool and carrier h & i have returned, and the tool has left the object a to
be operated upon, a portion of the tool carrier i or pin 1, comes into contact with the
catch g, which locks the dividing wheel or disc f fixed on the spindle 6 carrying the
object a to be cut.
This dividing wheel or disc falso forms a pulley to receive a cord or band with
a weight which on the tool or carrier i coming into contact, and lifting the said
catch g, the said dividing wheel or disc f gets released and causes the latter to rotate,
until the catch g by means of a spring g' drops into the next recess in the dividing
wheel or disc f, and keeps the latter locked during the forward motions of the tool /
and carrier i.
The said weight may be brought suitably in connection with the driving gear of the
machine and its descent so regulated as to stop the driving shaft when the required
number of cuts has been performed.
Fig. 4 is a modification showing the tool driven by means of a flexible band direct
from the driving shaft instead of from the flexible shaft which in some cases where
only a short cut is to be performed, may be found of advantage.
In lieu of transmitting rotary motion from the flexible shaft / direct to the rotary
tool h, the same may be done indirectly by means of the spur wheels 12 & P, as shown
in Fig. 5.
Instead of making the guide or former e straight, the same may be shaped as shown.
in Figs. 6 & 7 or of any other form which will give the desired cut.
The bracket c in which the spindle 6 is mounted I make adjustable for the purpose
of changing the relative position of the object a to be cut, and the guide or former e,
so as to cut the object at any desired angle.
When cutting or fluting rhymers, taps, etc, or cutting cams, curved or spiral
recesses into plain or irregular surfaces of metal, wood, or other material, the object a
to be operated upon is fixed between two centres on the said table d, as will be well
understood, or fixed to, or into a guide or former e, as shown in Figs. 8 & 9, Sheet II,
which show it applied for suitably shaping the heads of picking sticks, so as to be
adjustable in order that the object a to be operated upon, may be fixed in a position
relative to the guide or former e, which will produce the desired cut.
The guide or former e shown in Figs. 8 & 9 consists of a hollow cast iron or sheet
steel body into which the object a to be cut, is fixed, the hollow body e corresponding
in shape to that of the object a and being formed with a spiral or other shaped slot,
which will produce the desired cut, in which cut the tool carrier i is caused to slide.
Instead of forming the guide or former e as described, the same may be made of two

page_text: rods bent to the shape aforesaid, and the tool carrier being caused to slide on the
same in the manner already described.
The tool carrier i I make preferably of spring steel, see Figs. 10 & 11 in order that
the same will always slide steadily in or on the guide or former e, and of such a shape
as to prevent the hand of the operator from coming into contact with the rotating
cutter, when sliding the tool carrier i, in the guide or former e backwards or forwards,
which may be done by fixing to the tool carrier i, a cover m, as shown in dotted lines
in Fig. 8.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim, is:
1st. The combination of a flexible shaft or shaft with universal joint suitably
rotated and capable of sliding, and a tool carrier i containing a rotary cutter, with a
stationary guide or former e, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
2nd. The means for automatically sliding to and fro, the tool carrier i, & rotating
the object under operation, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Dated 28th of December 1886.