IMPROVEMENTS IN GLOBES AND GLASSES TO BE USED WITH HYDROCARBON LAMPS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ralph Martindale, of Handsworth, in the County
of Stafford, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN GLOBES
AND GLASSES TO BE USED WITH HYDROCARBON LAMPS."
Sealed the 22nd July 1862, and dated the 27th January 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ralph Martindale at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
January 1862.
I, RALPH MARTINDALE, of Handsworth, in the County of Stafford,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN GLOBES AND GLASSES TO BE USED WITH HYDROCARBON LAMPS," to be as
follows, that is to say :-
The object of this Invention is to avoid the evils arising from the use of
the ordinary chimneys in this description of lamp. I make the globes in any
of the following forms:-I take a globe of the common moon shape, or any
other suitable shape, and suspend inside it from the top a glass "perdifume"
or bell-mouthed tube, or this perdifume may be formed in one piece with the
globe; the upper part of this perdifume may, if preferred, be prolonged
upwards through the collar, by which it hangs in the globe, appearing like a
short chimney above the globe.
Another form of globe which will also answer well is made by shaping the
globe into a flattened spheroid, and forming a neck rising out of the top of
the globe, so that the glass presents the appearance of a peculiarly-shaped
bottle. Or I can employ a globe of an extended tulip shape; or I can form

page_text: a short chimney separate from the globe, which chimney is made with a base
or collar by which it rests upon the top of a globe; or I can use a chimney
worked out into a bell shape at the bottom so that it is supported by the gallery
of the lamp instead of in the ordinary chimney holder. By any of these
arrangements, the breakages arising from the chimney being fixed at the base
so near to the flame will be avoided.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Ralph Martindale in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
26th July 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RALPH
MARTINDALE, of Handsworth, in the County of Stafford, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Ralph Martindale, Her special licence that I, the said Ralph Martindale,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as J,, the said Ralph
Martindale, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of. Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
GLOBES AND GLASSES TO BE USED WITH HYDROCARBON LAMPS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that the said Ralph Martindale, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW.YE, that I, the said Ralph Martindale, do hereby, declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and
to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
The object of this Invention is to avoid the evils arising from the use of

page_text: the ordinary chimneys in this description of lamp. I make the globes in any
of the following forms:-I take a globe of the common moon shape, or any
other suitable shape, and suspend inside it from the top a glass perdifume or
bell-mouthed tube, or this perdifume may be formed in one piece with the
globe. The upper part of this perdifume may, if preferred, be prolonged
upwards through the collar, by which it hangs in the globe, appearing like a
short chimney above the globe.
.
Another form of globe which will also answer well is made by shaping the
globe into a flattened spheroid, and forming a neck rising out of the top of
the globe, so that the glass presents the appearance of a peculiarly-shaped
bottle. Or I can employ a globe of an extended tulip shape; or I can form
a short chimney separate from the globe, which chimney is made with a base
or collar, by which it rests upon the top of a globe; or I can use a chimney
worked out into a bell shape at the bottom so that it is supported by the gallery
of the lamp instead of in the ordinary chimney holder. By any of these
arrangements the breakages arising from the chimney being fixed at the base
so near to the flame will be avoided.
'
I will now proceed to describe my Invention in detail with the aid of the
annexed Drawings. These represent a few examples only of each description
of glass, alluded to in my Provisional Specification, and for convenience each
glass is represented in vertical section, and about one-half full size, the
principle of the glass perdifume or inverted bell-mouthed tube suspended
within the globe being applicable to nearly every form of globe or outer glass
used with these lamps.
In illustration of this part of my Invention are Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5;
the forms of perdifume marked (P) in Figures 1 to 4 inclusive, are the shapes
particularly adapted to be used either with Argand burners or with that species
of burner termed in the trade the "Bude" burner, and with solid galleries,
the form Figure 5 being especially applicable to lamps made for burning flat
wicks, and with solid galleries (G).
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 shews the form of moon globe and other outer glass
within which the perdifumes (P) are suspended; the edge (E) of the upper
orifice of the globe or outer glass is formed with a groove and flange, the
flange being crimped or indented at intervals in order to prevent the deposit
5 of vapour upon the upper portion of the inside of the globe above the mouth
of the perdifume on the lamp being lighted, which would happen in case the
collar of the perdifume rested closely upon the upper margin of the globe,
and to permit the escape of vapour through the apertures formed by such
indentations.

page_text: (P) Figure 6, shews another form of perdifumé adapted also for any of the
other forms of globes or outer glasses already named. This form of perdifume
has a portion of its tube prolonged upwards beyond its collar, as at (D), and
having the appearance of a.short chimney above the globe or outer glass. I
can also employ another description of globe or glass, having only this short
chimney resting by its serrated collar upon the flange or upper edge of the
globe or outer glass.
I have hitherto described these perdifumes as being loose and separate
appendages to the globes or outer glasses; the perdifume and globe may,
however, be made in one piece, or if that be found difficult or inexpedient in
manufacture, they may be secured by joining them together with glass, or in
any other suitable manner, and thus possess the same advantages as if made
in one piece.
Figures 7 and 8 represent the forms of glasses termed in my Provisional
Specification the flattened spheroid or peculiar bottle shape; these are single
glasses, the chimney being an extension merely of the larger glass.
Figures 9 and 10 shew other forms of single glasses to be used without a
chimney; these forms constitute what I have termed the extended tulip
shape, the one having a lip or border on the top, the other being made without.
By carefully adjusting the width of the upper opening in these forms of
glasses, making each opening the proper size in relative proportion to the
burner used therewith (which for a three-quarter inch "Bude"
burner should be not less than two inches) a chimney or perdifume is not
requisite.
or round
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I do not intend to limit myself to the
employment of the exact outlines, nor to any particular size or shape of the
perdifumes, or globes, or glasses herein described and exhibited, as in some of
the varieties shewn considerable latitude may be allowed, whilst the principle
of my Invention is retained. I claim,-
Firstly, the glass perdifume or bell-mouthed tube suspended within the
globes or outer glasses in all the various modifications herein-before described
and exhibited, and also the short loose chimney resting by its serrated collar
upon the flange of the globe or outer glass.
Secondly, the forms of single glasses shewn in Figures (7 and 8) with any
variation from these forms to which the principle of a glass chimney attached
to, or made in one piece with the globe or larger glass is applicable.
Thirdly, the forms of single glasses shewn in Figures (9 and 10) in which
a chimney or perdifume is not required to be used; and, generally, I claim

page_text: the several improvements in globes and glasses to be used with hydrocarbon
lamps, and the use thereof with such lamps. as herein. more fully set forth and
specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ralph Martindale, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
RALPH (L.S.) MARTINDALE.