IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1885

page_text: I, WALLACE FAIRWEATHER CE of 96 Buchanan Street, Glasgow in the County
of Lanark, Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM BOILERS,"
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement (the said invention having been
communicated to me from abroad by George H Babcock and the Babcock and
Wilcox Company of New York in the United States of America, Steam Boiler
Manufacturers)
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The object of my invention which relates to sectional water tube boilers 18 to
gain strength and elasticity for the boiler, convenience in its transportation and
erection, cheapness in construction and repair and efficiency and reliability in its
operation
In the drawings Figure 1 18 a sectional side elevation of a boiler of the well
known Babcock and Wilcox type embodying a modification of my improved
Figures 2 and 3 show details of construction and connection
Figure 4, 5 and 6, 7, 8, show modifications of the improved sectional boiler
construction
The boiler shown by Figure 1 is a sectional watei-tube boiler having inclined
tubes G, expanded into headers A, A, which are in turn united to a steam and
witer drum B, at a higher level, by suitable connections E and F D, is the furnace,
and when fire is started therein circulation commences in the boiler in the usual
and well known manner Flame bridges g compel the hot products of combustion
to pass in a tortuous course around and between the tubes to their outlet, and a
mud drum C at the lowest point of said boiler receives and retains the deposit of
sediment and has of course suitable provision for the convenient removal of the
same
The essential part of my invention relates to the construction of the headers A, A,
which in most boilers of this pattern have been formed in sections running vertically
the entire length of the tubes While preferably (though not necessarily) following
the sinuous shape to give a staggered arrangement to the tubes I form these headers
in short vertical sections adapted as shown to respectively overlap each other and
PAI

page_text: to be conveniently nippled or in any way connected together (as at points a a)
in line with their respective upper and lower tubes, that is, at right angles with
the vertical connection above referred to By this arrangement and construction
any required number of sections can be conveniently used, horizontal space is
economised, the alternate connection and the shorter header obviously increase
both strength and elasticity, the tubes connected with the headers, and the headers
with each other, and with their steam and mud drum connections by the cheap
and effective method of expanding, and each tube thereafter reached without
difficulty directly for cleaning and repairs through the ordinary hand holes. Finally
the improved header is not only more easily made and conveniently handled and
transported, but in case of damage or accident through carelessness or ill usage, its
repair or replacement will be both easier and cheaper
The modifications illustrated in Figures 4, 5 and 6 7, 8, provide equally for
convenient handling and transport and for ready connection and repair or replace-
ment of the parts of the headers. They differ from the arrangement above
described inasmuch as the sections which are connected together are superposed or
overlie each other in heu of the lower end of one section overlapping the upper
end of that to which it is connected. In the example shown in Figures 4 and 5
the headers A are practically of the same form as those shown in Figures 1 2
and 3 the connection being however made by nipples or tubes a expanded into
orifices in the headers in a vertical or inclined position. In the modification shown
in Figures 6 and 7 the sections A are of rhomboidal form in elevation to provide for
the connection to each header of two tubes which are not in line vertically, so that
in the boiler when completed the tubes may be staggered Each section A 18
connected to that above or below it by short tubes or nipples a which are expanded
into orifices a¹ formed in the sections, as shown in the vertical section figures 7
and 8, and the uppermost horizontal sections are connected to the steam and water
drum and to the mud drum in the usual manner
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1 In a sectional boiler the overlapping or overlying headers communicating
with each other substantially as shown and described
2 In a sectional boiler the combination of overlapping or overlying headers with
a steam and water reservoir substantially as described
3 In a sectional steam generator the combination of overlapping or overlying
headers with a mud drum communicating with the same substantially as shown
and described.
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