Improved Apparatus for Dyeing, Cleansing, Bleaching, and Drying Yarn in Cops or in a similar condition.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Dec., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Sept., 1890-Accepted, 4th Oct., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Dyeing, Cleansing, Bleaching, and Drying
Yarn in Cops or in a similar condition.
I, CHARLES WEBER-JACQUEL, partner of the " Société pour l'Industrie Textile,"
successor of the Société Ch. Weber & Co. in Thann, Alsace, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improved apparatus for dyeing, cleansing, bleaching, and
drying yarn in cops or in a similar condition.
In the treatment of textile materials for effecting the above mentioned objects it has
been found that the best result is obtained (especially when spun goods or yarn in
cops is to be treated) by aspiring or drawing in the reagent or liquid employed and
forcing it back through the material under operation, first in one direction and
then in another, so as to produce the effect of extraction and penetration.
The apparatus hitherto proposed does not permit the renewal of these operations
unless the reagent or liquid is caused to pass through exhaust and force pumps,
or unless a vacuum in the dyeing vat is produced. In the first case the reagent
or liquid is easily polluted and soon attacks the pumps, and in the second case the
vat has to be hermetically sealed at each operation, thus occasioning loss of time
and preventing all control.
The apparatus which constitutes this invention permits the alternate drawing
in and forcing out through the materials under treatment of the reagent or liquid
employed without causing such liquid to pass through any pumps whatever, it also
permits the materials to be treated in an open vat.
The apparatus employed may be defined as consisting substantially of a special
spindle frame for carrying the yarn cops placed in an open vat or tank and communi-
cating by means of a syphon pipe with an hermetically closed vessel, situate preferably
at a higher level, so that the reagent or liquid may descend into the spindle frame
and through the yarn cops by its own gravity, whereas the aspiration or drawing
through of the liquor in the opposite direction is effected by creating a vacuum
in the said closed vessel by means of a convenient exhauster.
The apparatus comprises an open vat, a serpentine or heat radiator, a spindle
frame for carrying the yarn cops communicating with a closed vessel by means of
a vertical pipe, a coupling device, and a syphon. The closed vessel itself communi-
cates by one pipe with an exhauster, and by another pipe with any suitable apparatus
for compressing the air, and possesses also an air inlet tube and a discharge tube for
the liquor.
In order to permit the spindle frame to be raised out of the vat after each operation,
the coupling device employed may be disconnected.
This coupling device consists preferably of a flexible connecting pipe, the ends of
which are provided with conical mouth pieces, entering into similar pipes each having
a flange provided with inclined surfaces. The flexible pipe also has a flange at each
end, which carries a ring with handles having hooks which pass through grooves in
the flanges of the other pipes, so that it suffices to turn the ring in order to connect
the flanges and tighten them by means of the inclined surfaces.
It is obvious however that any other suitable coupling device may be used instead
of the one described.
The spindle frame consists of a series of concentric tubes divided into several sections
and jointed together by special plates. The concentric tubes communicate with each
other by radial tubes, which enter into the vertical pipe mentioned above. The end of
D...011

page_text: the latter forms a foot or pivot and enters into a bearing at the bottom of the vat. The
upper part of the concentric and radial pipes is flat or straight and provided with
openings or seats into or upon which are screwed or soldered the spindles or other
suitable devices for supporting the yarn cops.
The particular construction of these devices for supporting the yarn cops facilitates
their cleansing, removal, and repair, and all the parts are so disposed as that the dyeing
or other treatment may be as uniform as possible upon all the cops.
The spindle frame may be composed also of straight plates forming a flat box, or of
tubes in the shape of a serpentine. If necessary several frames may be arranged above
each other or vertically and the vat as well as the frame may be round, square, or of
any other shape.
The spindles for carrying the cops may consist of hollow perforated and tapered
tubes composed of nickelled metal celluloid or any other suitable material. However,
as they should be very permeable, and at the same time sufficiently resistant, I obtain
this result by composing them of a central core fixed upon a short tube, and possessing
three four or more salient or radiating ribs, so that the yarn cops will be sufficiently
supported at 3 or 4 points or lines only. The ribbed core may be cast or shaped by
means of tools, or produced by folding a thin metal sheet, and the ribs may be straight
or spiral.
The central core may also consist of a blade soldered upon a short tube, and
affording two resting points or supports for the yarn cops, two supporting wires being
fixed to the tube and the tapered end of the blade. The permeability of this spindle
may be still increased by cutting out or scolloping the edges of the blade. This latter
may also be represented by a central bar, and in this case the number of the supporting
wires must be three at least. These wires also may be straight or spiral; if necessary
they may be crossed, forming then a real tubular tissue.
When a number of vats or tanks are arranged in a battery, it is advantageous to
render the closed vessel moveable on rails, so that it may be easily brought in front of
any of the vats, or the vats may be rendered moveable and combined with a stationary
closed vessel or a series of fixed vats may be arranged around a pivotting closed
vessel.
The spindle frame may be raised out of the vat by means of pulleys, or a winding
apparatus also arranged on rails.
The same apparatus may be used in a similar manner for dyeing bleaching and
cleansing yarn in cops.
It is also very suitable for drying and oxydizing, as it will suffice to heat the interior
of the vat by means of the heat radiator or a steam jacket, and to draw the hot air
through the yarn cops by exhausting the closed vessel.
It is also possible to replace the syphon by a pipe, extending from the bottom of the
closed vessel, and to place the latter at a lower level. In this case the forcing of
the reagent or liquor through the yarn cops requires the use of an air compressing
pump.
"
When the reagent is of a gaseous nature the apparatus requires no other modification
except to provide the vats with covers or autoclaves," which arrangement may be
employed not only when using a gaseous reagent but also for producing a certain
pressure in the vats.
Die 21 1
D11000

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Dyeing, Cleansing, Bleaching, and Drying
Yarn in Cops or in a similar condition.
I, CHARLES WEBER-JACQUEL, partner of the "Société pour l'Industrie Textile,"
successor of the Société Ch. Weber & Co. in Thann, Alsace, Manufacturer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
In the treatment of textile materials with the view of dyeing, scouring, bleaching,
and drying them, a more satisfactory result is obtained, especially when it concerns
yarn cops or spools, by sucking and forcing the reagent through the materials
alternately in one and the other direction so as to produce an effect of extraction and
penetration.
The apparatus proposed up to the present does not permit the repetition of these
operations without passing the reagent through sucking and forcing pumps, or
without creating a vaccuum in the dyeing vat. In the first case the reagent is easily
soiled, attacks the pumps, and the threads are more or less injured by the forcing of
the liquid through the cops; in the second case, the vat must be closed hermettically
at each operation, thus occasioning loss of time and preventing all control.
The apparatus which forms the subject matter of the present invention, permits of
passing the liquid or reagent through the materials in both directions in an open vat
without the use of pumps, and further comprises important modifications for obtaining
a greater uniformity in the dyeing of cops or spools.
Substantially the apparatus may be defined as consisting of a special spindle frame
for carrying the yarn cops placed in an open vat or tank and communicating by means
of a syphon pipe with a hermettically closed vessel situate preferably at a higher level
in such a manner that the reagent or liquor shall descend into the spindle frame and
through the cops by its own gravity, whereas the aspiration or drawing through of the
liquor in the opposite direction is obtained by creating a vacuum in the closed vessel
by means of a convenient exhauster.
The apparatus embodying this new feature is represented in the annexed two sheets
of drawings in which the Figures 1 and 2 show a side view and a plan of the apparatus
placed in battery; the Figures 3 and 4 are a vertical section and a top view of the.
same, whereas the other figures represent details on an enlarged scale.
The apparatus comprises an open vat a, a serpentine or heat radiator b, a spindle
frame c for carrying the yarn cops, communicating with a closed vessel g, by
means of a vertical pipe d, a coupling device e, and a syphon f. The closed vessel
communicates by a pipe h with an exhauster and by another pipe i with any
suitable apparatus for compressing the air, if it is desired to increase the pene-
trating action of the reagent, and it possesses moreover an admission tube k for
the air and a discharge tube 1 for the liquid.
At the beginning of the operations-and supposing the spindle frame c placed in
the vat a and the closed vessel g filled with the reagent-the cock of the syphon f
is opened, which has immediately for result the descending of the liquid through
the syphon into the spindle frame, under a certain pressure, which in special cases
may be increased by opening the pipe i, and by putting in action an air com-
pressor in order to force air in the closed vessel g. The latter being empty the
pipes and are closed again and the pipe h of the exhauster is opened whereby
the liquid will be sucked back from the vat a through the cops into the closed
vessel g.
These operations may be repeated alternately without loss of time until the
desired result is obtained.
In order to permit of raising out of the vat a the spindle frame after each

page_text: operation the coupling device (as shewn in Figures 5, 6 and 7 sheet 1 in side view
under face view and vertical section) may be disjoined.
It consists preferably of a flexible pipe the ends of which are provided with conical
mouth pieces entering into similar pieces and having flanges m m² of which m³ is
provided with inclined surfaces n . The flange m of the flexible tube carries a
ring with handles having hooks p p which pass through grooves q q¹ in the
flanges mm so that it will suffice to turn the ring o in order to connect the two
flanges and to tighten them by means of inclined planes n n'. However it is
evident that any other system of joint may be used.
The spindle frame c consists of a series of concentric tubes Figure 4 of which
a section is shewn in Figures 9 and 10. It is divided into several parts or sections
and jointed together by special plates s Figures 4 and 8. The concentric tubes
communicate with each other by radial tubest which enter into the vertical pipe d
mentioned above. The end of the latter forms a foot or pivot and enters into a bearing u
at the bottom of the vat a Figure 3. The upper part of the concentric and radial
pipes is straight and provided with openings or seats v Figures 9 and 10 in or
upon which are screwed or soldered the spindles w or other suitable devices for
supporting the yarn cops a.
The special construction of these spindle frames offers the advantage of being
mounted with screws so that they may be easily dismounted repaired and cleaned,
which was not possible before and excluded the use of tubular spindle frames forming
an open net work and permitting the lowering into and raising of the spindle frame
out of the liquid without agitating the same.
The spindle frame may be composed also of straight plates forming a flat box, or of
tubes in the shape of a serpentine. If necessary several frames may be arranged above
each other or vertically and the vat as well as the frame may be round square or of any
other shape.
The spindles for carrying the cops may consist of hollow perforated and tapered
tubes of nickelled metal celluloid or other suitable material. However as they should
he very permeable and at the same time sufficsently resistant I obtain this result
by composing them of a central core y Figures 9 and 10 fixed upon a short
tube w and having three four or more salient or radiating ribs, (Figure 9) in such
a manner that the yarn cops will be sufficiently supported at three or four points
or lines only. The ribbed core may be cast or shaped by means of tools or
produced by folding a thin metal sheet and the ribs may be straight or screw
thread like.
The central core may also consist of a blade y¹ Figure 10 and 10ª which is a
section through line 1-2 soldered upon a short tube w and affording two resting
points or supports to the cops which are completed by two supporting wires y y²
fixed on the tube w and at the tapered end of the blade y¹. The permeability of
this spindle may be still increased by cutting out the edges of the blade y'. This
latter may also be represented by a central bar and in this case the number of
the supporting wires must be three at least. These wires may be also straight or
spiral; if necessary they may be crossed forming then a real tubular tissue.
When a number of vats or tanks are arranged in batteries it is advantageous to
render the closed vessel g moveable on rails (Figure 1) so that it may be easily
brought in front of any of the vats a or batteries, or the vats may be rendered
moveable and combined with a stationary closed vessel, or a series of fixed vats
may be arranged around a pivotting closed vessel.
The spindle frame may be raised out of the vats by means of pulleys or a winding
apparatus also arranged on rails.
The same apparatus may be used in a similar manner for dyeing bleaching and
cleansing of yarn in cops.
It is also very suitable for drying and oxydizing as it will suffice to heat the interior
of the vat, by means of the heat radiator or a steam jacket, and to draw the hot air
through the yarn cops by exhausting the closed vessel.
!

page_text: It is also possible to replace the syphon by a pipe extending from the bottom of the
closed vessel and to place the latter at a lower level. In this case the forcing of
the reagent or liquor through the yarn cops requires the use of an air compressing
pump.
In case the reagent is of a gaseous nature, the apparatus requires no other modifi-
cation than to provide the vats with covers or "autoclaves" which I reserve myself the
right of doing not only when using a gaseous reagent but also for producing a certain
pressure in the vats.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what
I claim is :-
:-
1. The combination of a suitable spindle frame in an open vat with a higher situate
closed vessel communicating with the same by means of a syphon pipe so that the
reagent may be sucked and forced through the spindles by alternately admitting and
exhausting the air for the purpose of dyeing, bleaching, scouring, oxydizing and
drying textile materials in the shape of yarn cops or spools.
2. The construction of a tubular dismountable spindle frame c with its vertical tube d
a coupling device e preferably in combination with a closed vessel g and syphon pipe ƒ
communicating (the vessel) with an exhauster and if necessary with an air compresser
by means of the pipes h and i.
3. The construction of the spindles of the spindle frame consisting of a central core y
inserted in a tube w and provided with several supporting ribs or instead of them with
wires y fixed at the tube w and at the end of the central core which latter may then
consist of a flat blade or a bar, all substantially as and for the purpose described.
Ca
1000
CHARLES WEBER-JACQUEL.
By E. P. Alexander & Son, Fels. Inst. P. A.,
19, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, W.C., Filing Agents.