IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS AND TAPS
Year: 1845

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
CHRIMES, of Rotherham, in the County of York, Brassfounder, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-fifth day of September, in the ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the saiḍ
Edward Chrimes, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said Edward Chrimes, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
and such others as I, the said Edward Chrimes, my executors, administrators,
or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times during the term of years therein mentioned, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and
the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in all Her Majesty's Colonies and
Plantations abroad, and in the Islands of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark,
and Man, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS AND TAPS;" in which
said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, obliging me, the said Edward
Chrimes, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to
describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to be enrolled in Her
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and

page_text: immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and
by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Edward Chrimes, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference
being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures
marked thereon (that is to say) :-
My Invention of improvements in cocks and taps consists of various modes
of constructing these articles, whereby increased security, diminished weight,
great simplicity, and less cost of construction for cocks or taps of equal
capacity are obtained. These are the principal advantages resulting from the
use of my Invention. Some of the herein-after described cocks and taps
possess all the above-mentioned advantages, while others, owing to the purposes
for which they are intended, only possess the most important.
In the accom-
panying Drawings I have shewn views of a variety of cocks and taps
constructed in various manners, and intended for different purposes.
Fig. 1, Sheet 1, is a sectional view of a cock or tap for conveying water,
beer, or other liquid, but which may also be used on a steam pipe, or for
other purposes for which it may be applicable. In this cock the valve seat
a, a, is placed in an oblique position across the barrel of the cock, and the
valve 6 turns on a hinge joint c. The spindle d of the cock is forked at
its lower end and is connected to the valve 6 by a cross pin, which passes
through a D piece made on the back of the valve. The upper end of the
spindle d is screwed and works in a female screw made in the cap or key
spindle e, the upper end of which is made square or angular to receive the
key, whereby the cock or the valve thereof is worked; the key spindle e passes
through a stuffing box f, made on the top of the cap or cover g of the cock, and
which is firmly secured to the barrel by nuts and screws in the ordinary manner.
Fig. 2 is a sectional representation of another cock, in which an oblique
valve seat a is employed; but in this instance, instead of the valve 6 being
mounted on a pivot, as in Fig. 1, it is fastened obliquely on to a block c, through
which the spindle d passes, and is supported in a socket or seat below. It will
be seen that that part of the spindle which passes through the block c is
screwed, and that the hole in the block is also furnished with a female screw,
so that when the spindle d is turned round, by applying a key to the upper end,
which is made square for this purpose, the block c and the valve 6 is raised off
the seat, and the liquid allowed to flow freely through. In order to prevent
the valve from turning round while being raised, two pins or studs are made on

page_text: the periphery of the valve, which, by taking into two notches made in the
sides of the cock effectually prevent it from turning round, and cause it to rise
vertically. This cock is also furnished with a proper stuffing box, and a ledge
or projecting piece e is made on the spindle, and by bearing against the inner
side of the cap or cover 9 effectually prevents the spindle from rising out of its
socket. By constructing cocks according to these plans, a very great capacity
of waterway is obtained in a cock of comparatively moderate dimensions, and
at the same time there exists every facility for making the valve perfectly
water-tight with very little trouble and expense.
Fig. 3 represents a sectional view of another construction of cock. In this
instance the valve seat a is placed vertically, and the valve 6 works horizontally.
The valve is fixed upon a horizontal spindle c, the ends of which are supported
in the bridge pieces i, i, and it is made to advance and recede and thereby open
and close the valvular aperture by means of a block e, which is furnished with
inclined sides, as seen in the Drawing. This block is attached to or mounted
on about the middle of the vertical screwed spindle d, and works in a slot
formed in the valve spindle c, and the ends of this slot are inclined at the same
angle as the sides or ends of the block. The lower end of the vertical spindle d
passes through a hole made in a bridge piece below, for the purpose of keeping
it steady, and the upper end is screwed and enters a socket or female screw
made at the lower end of the key spindle f, which is kept steady and in its
proper position by means of a ring placed in the stuffing box above, but is
allowed to turn round horizontally when the key is applied to the square or
angular head above. It will now be understood that as the key spindle fis
turned round by means of a suitable key applied to the square head it will
raise or depress the vertical screwed spindle d, and its angular or wedge-
shaped block e, the inclined ends of which, by bearing against the inclined ends
of the slot of the horizontal or valve spindle c will force this latter backwards,
and by that means open or close the valve by removing the latter from its seat.
The mode of putting cocks of this construction together will be perfectly
understood by any intelligent manufacturer, by a simple examination of the
Drawing, and therefore it will require no additional explanation.
Fig. 4 represents another mode of constructing cocks and taps with vertical
valves and valve seats. In this instance the valve is mounted in precisely
the same manner as that just described, but the horizontal or valve spindle c
is actuated in a different manner: In this case the valve spindle is furnished
with a slot or eye, in which the lower end of one arm of a bell crank lever
works; and the outer end of the opposite arm is connected to the lower end of
the vertical screwed shaft d by a shackle joint; the upper end of this screwed

page_text: shaft works in the female screw formed at the lower end of the key spindle,
and by turning the latter, and by this means raising one end of the bell crank
lever; the opposite end of this lever will force forward the valve spindle and
.bring the valve on to its seat; and by turning the key spindle in the opposite
direction and thereby depressing the upper end of the bell crank lever, the
valve will be withdrawn from its seat, as shewn in the Figure.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view of another construction of cock, in which a
double valve is used for the purpose of obtaining greater security. In this
case the valves and valve seat are placed horizontally, and the waterway, when
the cock is open, is between the two valves. A partition a, a, divides the
barrel into two chambers, and through the horizontal part of this partition, as
at a*, the valvular opening is made. There are two valves 6 and 6*; the
lower ono bis mounted on a vertical spindle d, the lower end of which is made
square and passes through a square hole made in the bridge piece i below, for
the purpose of guiding it and preventing the valve from turning round, when
being raised or lowered. The upper end of the spindle dis screwed and
inserted in a female screw made in the lower end of the spindle d", which
carries the second or upper valve 6*. The spindle d* of the upper valve 6* is
also screwed externally and passes through a female screw made in the centre
of a plate or disc j, which is shewn detached at Fig. 6. The plate j is
furnished with a number of slots, into two of which studs k attached to the
ring k, seen detached at Fig. 7, are inserted for the purpose hereafter explained.
The upper end of the spindle d is made square, so as to receive a key, whereby
may be turned when the cock is required to be opened or closed. It will
now be seen that upon turning the spindle d
the said spindle with its valve *, and as the
spindle à belonging to the lower valve is just double that of the spindle d*, the
spindle d, with its valve b, will descend, or, in other words, the two valves will
recede from each other in the direction of the arrows. When it is required to
close the cock it will merely be necessary to turn the spindle d in the opposite
direction, and the valves will be brought nearer to each other, but as after a
little wear the valves may not both come against their seat simultaneously a
little play is allowed them to compensate for this slight difference; this is
effected by means of the plate j and ring k, shewn at Fig. 6. The studs
belonging to the ring k are inserted in slots or holes made in the disc, but they
do not prevent the disc from turning round a little when it may be required;
and there is a small space left between the upper surface of the ring k and the
cover of the cock, in order to allow the ring to rise a little; if, therefore, the
valve b is brought well home to its seat, and the upper one is a little loose,
it
by means of the key, it will raise
pitch of the screwed end of the

page_text: this slight difference will be amply compensated by the disc and ring rising a
little and allowing the valve to descend.
Fig. 8 represents the two valves 6 and b, with their spindles d and d
detached, the better to shew the mode of constructing the valves, which
consist of a disc or circular plate of metal 1, with a screw made round its
periphery and covered with a disc of leather, lead, or other suitable soft metal 2;
these two discs are secured together by means of a ring 3, seen also in plan in
the Figure, which is furnished with a flange and female screw which receives
the male screws formed on the periphery of the plate or disc 1, and when the
leather disc 2 is between them the edges of this latter are perfectly preserved
from injury by the flange of the ring 3. Although I have described this
construction of valve in connection with the cocks shewn at Fig. 5 I intend to
adapt it to various other cocks to which it may be applicable.
Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the barrel of a cock, representing a peculiar
mode of constructing and fixing the valve seat for a double valve similar to
that described and shewn in Figs. 5 and 8. In this Figure the valve seats are
formed of the top and bottom edges of a short cylindrical piece of metal a,
which is screwed into the partition a*, a*; the hole which receives the valve
piece a being furnished with a female screw for that purpose; 1, 1, are pro-
jecting pieces fixed to the inside of the valve piece for the purpose of fitting
into corresponding notches made in a key whereby the valve piece may be
screwed up to its proper place or removed when required. This mode of con-
structing and adapting the valve seat will be found exceedingly useful when
the cock to which it is applied is difficult of access to the underside, as when
placed underground.
Figures 10, 11, and 12 are sectional representations of another mode of
constructing taps whereby a considerable saving in weight of metal is obtained
without reducing the capacity of the tap, and although the arrangement of the
parts in all these taps is somewhat different, still they are so similar in
principle that it will only be necessary to describe one, as the same explanation
will suffice for all, the same letters of reference being placed upon corresponding
parts in all the Figures. The valve b is mounted at the end of a spindle d,
which is screwed in part of its length, and passes through a female screw made
in a block made in or adapted to the barrel of the tap; the plain part of the
spindle passes through a stuffing box so as to render it perfectly water-tight.
By making the female screw in a small block attached to the barrel of the top,
instead of cutting a screw on the barrel itself, I am enabled to make taps of
this construction of great.capacity without making them so heavy as they must
necessarily be if made with the female screw cut on the barrel itself; they are

page_text: also much less liable to get out of repair, and are much more easily worked.
The valve I employ is constructed in the same manner as those shewn at
Fig. 8.
Fig. 13 is a sectional representation of a bib tap, which is similar in con-
struction to the three preceding ones, the principal difference being that the
screwed end of the spindle, instead of working in a block above the valve,
works in a female screw made in the bridge piece below; Fig. 14 is a sectional
view taken vertically, and Fig. 15 a horizontal section of a two-way tap or
cock, such as is required for warm baths for the purpose of admitting hot or
cold water, as may be required. A is the pipe which conveys the hot water
from, the boiler to the bath; and B is the pipe conveying cold water, as shewn
by the arrows; C is the exit pipe from the cock, through which either the hot
or cold water is conveyed to the bath. The valves b, b, are attached to the
lower ends of the vertical rods or spindles d, d, a part of the length of which
is screwed as in the cocks or taps already described. The spindles d, d, are
continued up through the key spindles e, e, and by being marked with the
words "hot," and "cold," and "shut," the attendant cannot make any mistake,
the former words being marked on the top of the handle, and the latter word
on parts of the spindles corresponding to the position that the valves actually
occupy, that is to say, that as the spindles rise and fall with the valve the
word "shut" must always appear above the handle when the valve is actually
shut, and unless it does so appear, the attendant must be aware that water
is passing through. Immediately that one of the valves is lowered, water will
rush into the chamber D and out through the pipe C, and cannot become
mixed with or interfere with the water belonging to the other pipe so long as the
valve belonging to that pipe is kept closed.
Figure 16, Sheet II. is a sectional view of a cock, constructed somewhat
upon the principle of the taps shewn in Figures 10, 11, 12, and 13. The
valve seat a, a, is placed horizontally, and is made in a partition which
divides the barrel of the cock into two chambers. The valve b is fixed on
to the end of a screwed spindle c, which works in a female screw made in
the lower end of the key spindle d, which is kept from rising by means of a
ring e, against the under side of which the ears or flange of the key spindle d
bear. The several parts are kept in their positions by the cover f.
Figure 17 is a similar representation of another cock, which is a modification
of the preceeding one. In this instance the valve b is fixed on to about the
middle of the key spindle, which extends right through the cock, and being
screwed at its lower extremity passes through a female screw made in the bridge
piece below; the construction of the other parts is so clearly shewn in the

page_text: Drawing that it will not be necessary to enter into any further explanation
thereof.
Figure 18 represents a vertical section of a bib tap, with an oblique
or inclined valve seat and valve, somewhat similar in construction to that
shewn at Figure 2. In this cock, and also in that shewn at Figure 2,
I furnish the valve seat with a washer of lead or other yielding material,
instead of applying the same to the valve itself. The oblique valve is fixed
to the lower end of a screwed spindle d, which enters a female screw made
in the lower end of the key spindle, as in several of the above-described
cocks and taps; and by turning the said key spindle, which is prevented
from rising by its flange or feather, which bears against the under side of the
ring e, the screwed spindle d is drawn up into the socket of the key spindle,
and by that means raises the valve from its seat. The valve is prevented from
rotating or turning round by two studs, pins, or projections, which move
in grooves or notches made in the sides of the barrel of the cock.
Figure 19 is a vertical section of a bib tap, in which a hollow conical plug
(with a hole made on one side to admit of the passage of the water) is used.
This conical plug is ground into its seat, and is retained in its place by means
of a helical spring placed above it, and which forces it downwards in contact
with the sides of the barrel of the cock. The spindle to which the handle is
affixed, passes from the conical plug through the helical spring and cover of the
tap. A disc or plate e, shewn detached at the side, is placed above the spring
and between it and the cover, and is prevented from moving round by means
of a nib or projecting piece, which takes into a notch made in the barrel of the
cock. By constructing taps in this manner, a free and uninterrupted water-
way of greater capacity is obtained, with a small weight of metal.
Figure 20 is a sectional representation of a cock in which a hollow conical
plug is used, similar to that shewn in Figure 19, but the cone of the plug
tapers upwards in the present instance, and is kept against its seat, either by
means of a nut e above, which draws it upwards, or by means of a set
screw below, as shewn by dots at f; this set screw works in a bridge
piece g, and by bearing against a bridge piece placed at the base of the
conical plug, the latter may be pressed upwards against its seat; and in order
to prevent any escape of water round the spindle, this latter is surrounded
with a ring of lead or other yielding substance, and a circular flange or feather
is made on the top of the conical plug, which, by being brought against the
leaden ring, makes the cock perfectly tight in this direction.
Figure 21 is a vertical sectional view of a cock, which may be opened by

page_text: In
simply pressing down the spindle, and which is closed by the pressure of a
spring acting against the spindle which carries the valve, and forcing the said
valve up against the valve seat. The valve b is attached to the lower end of
the spindle d, and is kept up against the valve seat by the helical spring c.
order therefore to open the cock, it will only be necessary to press down the
handle and overcome the force of the spring, and the liquid will flow out; but
immediately that the pressure is removed from the handle, the force of the
spring c will bring back the valve to its original position and close the
cock.
Figure 22 is a similar view of another bib cock. In this instance, the valve
ánd valve seat are placed vertically, and the valve is mounted at the end of a
horizontal spindle d, the opposite end of which is plain, that is, it is not screwed,
and is inserted in a socket made at the inner end of the key spindle, which is
screwed, and passes through a female screw made in a block connected to the
barrel of the cock; and when it is required to open the cock to let the water or
liquid flow out the handle is turned, and the key spindle advances and pushes
forward the horizontal valve spindle & and opens the valve; and when it is
desired to close the cock, the handle is turned in the reverse way, and the
key spindle is thereby made to recede. The water or liquid in the vessel will
then force back the valve and press it tightly against the valve seat, and thereby
close the opening.
Figure 23 represents a vertical section; and Figure 23, a front view
of a tap or cock, which I intend to employ for drawing treacle and other
thick or semi-fluid matters from casks. The exit aperture is made a little
inclined, so as to present the form of a spout, and the aperture is closed by
a metal disc g, which fits over the aperture. This metal disc g is fastened
on or affixed to a handle or lever h, which turns upon a male screw at i. The
hole through which the centre screw i passes, is tapped, so that as the lever is
pulled over to open or close the aperture, the thread of the screw will force
back the disc from or bring it forward against the aperture, as the case may
be. The lever h is further supported by a guide or slot j. In order to open
the cock, the handle must be pulled over from one side to the other, and by so
doing the disc g will be moved on one side and leave the aperture of the cock
open, and when it is required to close the same the handle must be pulled back
again, so as to bring the disc over the aperture.
Figure 24 is a sectional view of a novel construction of ball-cock.
valve b is attached to the end of a horizontal spindle d, and is kept firmly
pressed against the valve seat by the pressure of the incoming water, as shewn
The

page_text: by the arrow. The valve spindle d, which is shewn detached with the valve
at Fig. 25, is furnished with a vertical slot e, in which works the crank of a
horizontal spindle f, to one end of which the arm which carries the ball or
float is connected, as seen in the detached Fig. 26. It will now be under-
stood that as the level of the water in the cistern rises and falls the ball or
float g will rise and fall with it, and by that means turn the spindle f on its
axis, and as the crank of this spindle moves it will force back the valvė spindle
and open and close the valve.
Fig. 27 is a vertical transverse section of the barrel of the cock shewing the
valve, and in order to prevent the latter from turning round it is furnished on
each side with projecting pieces or ears 1, 1, which are supported in notches
2, 2, made in the barrel of the tap, as shewn in the Figure.
Figure 28 represents a vertical section of another construction of ball-cock,
in which the valve seat a and valve 6 are inclined or placed at an angle. In
5 this case, the inclined or oblique valve is fixed upon the upper end of a short
spindle c, which is partially cut away at its lower extremity and is inserted in
a slot or eye made in the horizontal rod d, which is suported at one end in a
socket or recess made in the side of the cock; and its other end extends
through a hole made in the opposite side of the cock, and is also furnished with
a second slot or eye which receives one end of the shorter arm of a bell crank
lever, to the other and longer arm of which the ball or float is connected. It
will be seen that the under side of the horizontal rod d is furnished with a wedge
shaped piece 1, which, as the rod is forced inwards by the descent of the ball
or float at the end of the bell crank lever, will be brought into contact with
the lower edge of the hole made in the side of the cock, and through which
the rod extends and by this means the rod will be raised up, and therefore
when the ball or float descends and thereby opens the cock, the valve b will
not only be moved forward sideways away from its seat, but will also be raised at
the same time, thereby considerably increasing the capacity of the aperture or
waterway. A modification of this cock may be made by placing the valve seat-
and valve in a horizontal position instead of inclined, as shewn by dots in the
Figure, the other parts remaining precisely the same.
Figure 29 is a similar representation of another construction of ball-cock in
which the valve seat a and valve b are placed vertically; the valve is fixed at
the end of a horizontal spindle c, the opposite end of which is inserted in a
plain socket or recess. made at the inner end of the key spindle d; this spindle
passes through a stuffing box for the purpose of keeping it water-tight, and its
inner end is screwed and works in a block furnished with a female screw, as

page_text: seen in the Drawing. The thread of the screw at the end of the key spindle d
is of a very sharp pitch, and the lever of the ball or float is placed on or con-
nected to the valve end of the spindle d. It will now be understood that when
the water is low in the cistern the ball or float will descend and thereby turn
round the key spindle d, which, when the cistern is full, maintains the valve
against its seat. By this means, as the key spindle is screwed at its inner end
it is drawn back a short distance, and the water in the pipe acting upon
the face of the valve will force it ba ck, and the water will rush into the cistern,
and as it gradually fills the same the ball or float rises and slowly turns the
key spindle round, and by that means forces the valve back again and thereby
closes the aperture.
Figure 30 is a detached view of the valve and spindle of another ball-cock
which is a modification of the above; the only difference being that, instead of
the spindle of the valve entering a socket at the end of the key spindle, this
latter is made longer and is inserted into the valve spindle, which for this
purpose is made hollow.
Figures 31, 32, and 33 represent sectional views of three forms of valve
bosses to be applied to the ends of pipes, or to the apertures or bung holes of
cisterns or barrels into which the ordinary cocks or taps are usually fastened.
The object of these valves' bosses is to prevent the escape of liquor from the vessel
or pipe until the tap is secured in its place. In Fig. 31, a, a, represents the
cylinder or barrel of the valve boss, which is secured by screwing, or in any
other convenient manner, in the bung hole or exit aperture of the vessel or
pipe, and part of the interior of this cylinder is furnished with a female screw
for the purpose of receiving the cock or tap, as will be hereafter described.
The inner edge of the cylinder or barrel a, a, of the boss is accurately ground so
as to form a seat for the disc valve b, which is fixed on a horizontal spindle c¹³;
one end of this spindle is supported and works in a hole made in the bridge
piece e, and the valve is kept steady and in its proper position by causing two
feathers, studs, or projections made on its periphery to work in notches made
in the horizontal cross arms of the bridge, but which are not seen in the
Drawing. The opposite end of the spindle projects through the disc valve into
the barrel or cylinder of the boss, for the purpose hereafter explained. It has
been found that the pressure of the water in the vessel is sufficient to keep the
valve b against its seat; but if thought desirable, a helical spring may be
placed behind to assist this operation, and as long as the disc valve 6 remains
on its seat it is obvious that no liquid can escape from the vessel. The barrel
of the cock or tap whereby the liquid is extracted from the vessel is seen

page_text: at d, d; it is screwed at the end for the purpose of being firmly secured in the
cylinder or barrel of the boss, as seen in the Figure. There is nothing peculiar
in this cock or tap different from some of those already described, except that.
the valve spindle f is much longer and the valve is placed outside the barrel or
sbank, its seat being the external or extreme edge of the barrel or shank.
When the cock or tap is screwed into its socket the projecting valve is
brought opposite to and in close proximity with the projecting end of the
spindle cof the boss valve; and consequently, when the key spindle g of the
cock is turned round, the valve at the end of the spindle f is forced back, and
by coming into contact with the end of the spindle c, the boss valve 6 is
removed from its seat and the liquid allowed to flow out from the vessel or
pipe, but immediately that the cock is closed by withdrawing its valve
the boss valve 6 returns to its seat by the pressure of the water and the force
of the spring and prevents the further egress of the water.
One advantage
resulting from the employment of this boss valve is, that additional security
to prevent the egress of the liquid is obtained, as two valves are brought into
operation instead of one every time the cock is opened or closed.
Fig. 32 represents another construction of valve boss, in which the disc
valve is mounted on a spindle, the inner end of which is screwed and passes
through a female screw made in the bridge piece e, and the outer end of the
spindle is made with a square or angular head, and projects into the barrel or
cylinder of the boss, as in the former instance. The cock or tap may be of the
ordinary kind, or any of those above described which may be found suitable,
but the end of the barrel or shank of the cock must be screwed so as to fit
into its socket in the boss, and it must also be furnished with a key piece to fit
the head of the projecting spindle c. Now, when the cock is not screwed into
its socket, the boss valve 6 will be firmly maintained against its seat by means
of the screw at the inner end of the spindle c, but when the cock or tap is
applied and screwed home firmly to its seat in the cylinder a, a, of the boss
the key piece at the end of the barrel or shank of the tap will receive the
square or angular head of the spindle, and by causing the latter to turn round
with it, will gradually force back the boss valve 6, which will always remain
open as long as the tap remains screwed into the cylinder a, a, of the boss;
but when it is required to remove the tap by unscrewing it from its socket, the
very act of unscrewing the tap will screw the boss valve b back again into its
place, and prevent the egress of the water. A third plan of constructing a valve
boss is shewn at Fig. 33, in which the boss valve b is gradually removed from
its seat as the cock or tap is being screwed into the boss, and always remains

page_text: open, as long as the cock or tap remains in the boss, but when the tap is
reroved, the act of unscrewing it from its socket brings the boss valve back into
its place, as in the instance described and shewn at Fig. 32. The tap or cock
shewn in the Figure is of the ordinary description, but the end of the barrel or
shank must be screwed as in those shewn at Figures 31 and 82; it is also
furnished at its end with a key i, which is made hollow so as to allow the
liquid to flow through. The boss valve 6 is a plain disc, placed at the end of a
screwed cylinder h, h, which is screwed into the inner end of the boss, the boss
valve is also furnished with a ring made of lead or other yielding material,
which, when the valve is closed, is brought up against the valve seat, and that
part of the cylinder h, h; which is contiguous to the valve is perforated with
holes to admit. the water, and the other end of the cylinder h, h, is made plain,.
.but has two slots made in it for the purpose of receiving the key at the end of
the shank of the cock or tap. It will now be understood that when the tap is
screwed into the boss, the key i enters the slots made in the outer end of the
screwed cylinder h, h, and causes this latter to turn round with the tap; there-
fore, as the latter is screwed home into the boss, it will gradually unscrew the
cylinder h, h, and by removing the valve 6 from its seat will allow the liquid to
rush into the boss through the perforations in the end of the cylinder h, h, but
when the tap is removed from the boss, the boss valve 6 will be screwed up
again to its seat and prevent the liquid from flowing out.
Having now described my Invention, and the manner of carrying the same
into effect, I would observe that in order to render my improvements more
intelligible, I have found it necessary to shew and describe certain parts of
cocks and taps which are well known and in use. I do not, however, intend
to claim any such parts as constituting any part of my Invention, and as it will
be perfectly evident to any intelligent mechanic that the arrangement and
construction of some of the parts may be varied without departing from the
nature of my improvements, I do not intend to confine myself to the precise
arrangement of the several parts, as herein shewn and described; and I
further wish it to be understood that although to prevent unnecessary prolixity
of description and complexity in the Drawings, I have not shewn my several
improvements as applied to all the different descriptions of cocks and taps to
which they may be applicable, yet I intend to reserve to myself the right of
applying any of my improvements described in connection with any particular
kind of tap, to cocks and taps of other constructions.
What I claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part
recited Letters Patent is―:

page_text: First, the general construction and arrangement of the several parts of the
taps and cocks, herein set forth and described, whereby the different objects:
and advantages herein mentioned may be and are obtained.
Second, I claim the use and application of an oblique valve and, valve seat,
whether the same are applied and worked as herein set forth or otherwise. ..:
Third, I claim the use and application of a compound valve, consisting of
two or more separate valves, as above described, whereby additional security,
is obtained.
Fourth, I claim the use and mode of constructing and applying moveable
valve seats, as above described, whereby the most material parts of the cock
may be removed and repaired.
Fifth, I claim the improved mode of constructing valves or valve discs, as
shewn at Figs. 5 and 8, by the employment and application of a flanged ring
to the periphery of valves, for the purpose of holding the leather or other
yielding substance and protecting the edges thereof from injury.
Sixth, I claim the use and application of a hollow conical plug to stop cocks,
and the mode of constructing and applying the same to bib taps, as shewn and
described.
Seventh, I claim the mode of constructing cocks for waterclosets and other
purposes to which the same may be applicable, as shewn and described,
whereby they are made to shut when pressure is removed from the handle.
Eighth, I claim the mode of constructing double or two-way cocks, suitable
for baths or other similar purposes, as shewn and described.
Ninth, I claim the mode of constructing and working ball-cocks, as shown
and described.
Tenth, I claim the improved method of constructing treacle taps or cocks,
as above shewn.
And lastly, the use and application of valve bosses to cocks and taps, either
of the ordinary construction or any of those above described, whereby the said
taps or cocks may be removed from the vessel or pipe to which they have
respectively been applied without the danger of the liquor escaping.
In witness whercof, I, the said Edward Chrimes, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-six.
EDWARD (L.s.) CHRIMES.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-fifth day of March, in
the ninth year of the reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria, the said Edward
Chrimes came before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknow-
ledged the instrument aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and
specified, in form above written. And also the instrument aforesaid was
stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made in the fifty-fifth year of
the reign of His late Majesty King George the Third.
11
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