Improvements in the Arrangement and Construction of Valves for Blowing Machines, Pumps, and Compressors.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Feb., 1890-Accepted, 1st Mar., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Arrangement and Construction of Valves for
Blowing Machines, Pumps, and Compressors.
I ALOIS RIEDLER of 14 Landgrafenstrasse, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany,
Professor do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The present invention has for its object, by means of a special arrangement and
construction of the valves in blowers, pumps, and compressors, to diminish the
resistances, during the periods of suction and pressure, to the smallest attainable
degree.
The object is attained by making the valves in the cylinder cover of the largest possible
area, and thereby utilizing space to the best advantage; also by making the valves of
the smallest practicable weight, while at the same time avoiding the necessity for any
rigid guides; and finally, by mounting the valves on elastic bands, strips, or springs,
which, when the valve is open, are free from tension, whilst, on the other hand, they
facilitate the opening of the valves. As these valves, in consequence of their being
mounted elastically, have always a tendency to open, they must be shut compulsorily
by means of mechanism which may be of any desired construction.
The arrangement and construction of the valves will be seen from the sectional
view Fig. 1 of the accompanying Drawing, where C represents the pump or blower
cylinder, in which the piston K works. The cylinder cover A, which contains the valve,
is widened at a a, for the purpose of enabling the largest possible surface of the
cylinder cover to be used for the adaptation of the valves, and in order that the area
of the valves may be as large as possible.
The piston K extends over the inner face e of the cover as much as possible, and
the suction valves s are so adapted thereto, that their rear surface g, when the valve
is closed, lies in the plane of the cylinder cover.-In the seat of the pressure valve d,
the space is filled as much as possible by the vaulted or cap shaped valve.
In compressors with water-injection, the suction valves s are situated in the lower
portion, and the pressure valves d in the upper portion of the cover, so that the
injection water fills the space between cover A and piston K right up to the pressure
valve d.
With the object of reducing the weight of the valve to the lowest point, and the
resistances depending thereupon, the valves consist of cap shaped or "vaulted"
plates c. which are only of such a thickness as is required for firinness, and are
strengthened at their edges r for counteracting the horizontal forces.
These valves, of the smallest possible weight, are not provided, according to the
usual method, with rigid valve rods, but are mounted upon elastic strips, bands, or
springs g, of steel or rubber.-The bands or strips y are set at a sufficient distance
from the valve at t, and are securel, say, by means of screws at one end, so that
the strip y can be bent like a flat steel spring.
The securing of the strip g, is, however, effected in such a manner, that the
position of the elastic band or strip, when the valve is open, is normal, as shown
at Fig. 1, with reference to the pressure valve d. The pressure valve d is represented
as open, and in this position its outward movement may be limited by the stop f
In this position of the valve, the portion t near the clamping screw is in a line with
the rest of the elastic strip g; the latter will in the meantime have no ten lency to
press in either direction, and therefore there will be no movement of the valve, and
aseless resistance will be avoided.
When, however, the pressure valve d is closed, then the elastic strip ? no longer
ies in line with the part t, but is bent down, while at the same time, through the

page_text: clamping at t, the elastic strip g will be constantly tending to open the valve; there-
fore, also, at the time at which the valve has to open. The opening of the valve
will thereby be facilitated, whereby, again, the resistances to the opening will be
lessened.
The suction valve s is represented in Fig. 1 as closed; the elastic strip g is bent
down or cramped. When, on the other hand, the valve s opens into the cylinder,
then the elastic strip is released, because the clamping position t lies in the same line
as the rest of the strip. The valves d and s may also cover several openings or seats;
for instance, as in the ring valve shown at Fig. 2. The valve surface, moreover,
need not necessarily be "vaulted"; it may, in fact, be formed quite flat.
As, in this arrangement of valves, there is always a store of power available in the
elastic strip g which tends to open the valve, therefore such a valve cannot, by reason
of the tension in the strip g, close itself automatically, but must be closed by means
of a special actuating device. This compulsory valve closing may, for instance, in the
case of the pressure valve, take place by means of the lever , which, pressing upon
the rear face of the valve d, closes the valve at the end of the stroke of the piston K,
that is to say, at the end of the period of pressure; or, in the case of the suction
valve s, by means a lever h¹, which, by the intervention of a chain or cord l, closes
the suction valve at the end of the period of suction.-The operation of the levers h
and may be effected through the intervention of the rocking shafts w and w',
extending outside the cylinder cover, by any suitable mechanism. Before the opening
of the valves, this valve actuating mechanism must he drawn away from the valve,
that is to say, the lever must be brought into the drawn position, and the lever h
into the dotted position, so that the opening of the valves may take place freely and
automatically. The valve actuating mechanism has no effect upon the opening move-
ment of the valves.
The valve actuating mechanism to be employed outside of the cylinder cover, and
which effects the closing of the pressure and suction valves at the end of each period
of pressure and suction, may be of any known and approved construction ;―it does
not form any part of the present invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In blowing engines, pumps, and compressors, the arrangement as described, of
single seat or multiple seated valves of any approved form (preferably vaulted plates
or rings), which valves are mounted on elastic strips or springs, the said strips or
springs being free from tension when the valve is open, and the valves being forcibly
closed by any approved actuating mechanism.
2. In blowing engines, pumps, and compressors, the enlargements a in the cylinder
cover, or in the cylinder itself, for the purpose of using (for the adaptation of the
valves) the largest possible part of the cylinder's transverse section, and of reducing
the resistances by enlarging the valve area.
Dated this 1st day of February 1890.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.