Improvements in or relating to Locks.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Apr., 1894-Accepted, 27th Apr., 1895
Improvements in or relating to Locks.
A communication from JOSEF GORIUP, of Schutzengasse 13, Vienna, in the
Empire of Austria, Merchant.
1, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 323, High Holborn, in County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a device for controlling the movement of the bolt of a
door lock at will, by the displacement or insertion of an intermediate motion-link
or device that may be operated from any given point in the walled area to be
closed or made secure, or from the outside; so that the movement of the said body
may be arrested and prevented, or it may be released at pleasure, and thus, in the
first-named case (ie. the movement being arrested) the said bolt may fulfil the
functions of a stop or safety-bolt. This prevention of the movement of the bolt
may be attained by limiting the motion of the bolt of the lock itself, or of the nut
In all
or boss of the follower, or the tumbler, or of the latch-knob or handle.
these cases the final result is the same, namely. ;--the bolt of the lock cannot be
drawn back ie. the door cannot be opened either with its own key or by a picklock
or skeleton key before the intermediate link-motion or device preventing its move-
ment, whether operative directly or by means of the tumbler or latch has been
removed, so as to liberate the movement.
Figures 1 and 2 Sheet 1 illustrate an arrangement of this kind, wherein the knob
or lever-handle D is held fast by means of a catch lever H provided with au elbow
or projection W at the free end of its lower arm H'.
The lever H pivots on a stud a and the end A of its upper arm H2 is fastened to
the cord S led under the guide-roller R. If the cord S be released the lever H
under the influence of spring F at once assumes the position indicated in dotted
lines in Figure 1 Sheet 1, thereby setting free the handle D, so that now by turning
the corresponding outer handle, when required, the door can be opened. If on the
other hand the cord is again drawn tight the lever H is brought back to its original
position, while at the same time the spring F is partially wound up and consequently
energised, and the handle D is once more held immovable in its position by the
elbow W of the lever arm H', so that the door is again locked and secured.
The saine end is obtained by connecting the knob or handle D with a traction-
arrangement, which being pulled upon, holds the knob or handle immovable.
Furthermore, instead of acting upon the handle so as to hold it immovable or
liberate it, at will, the lock-bolt B itself may be similarly operated upon as shown
in Figures 3, 4 and 5 Sheet 1.
Upon the main-plate of the lock case is mounted a stop C engaging in guide-slots f
and connected with a cord S. By a pull on the cord S the stop C may be drawn
into the recess cut in the bolt B as shown in full lines in Figures 3 and 4 Sheet 1
whereby as the stop C is connected with the slots by the pins f' f' and cannot
therefore move in the direction in which the lock-bolt B is shot in or out, the door
is in this case beld fast. When the pull on the cord S ceases, the stop C by its
own weight drops out of the recess in the bolt into the position shown in dotted
lines liberating B so that by pressing the knob or handle downwards the bolt itself
can be withdrawn and the door opened. If it be desired to make the door fast
again, all that is needed is to pulf the cord S and make it secure when it is tight.
In order to apply this device to existing door-locks the lock must be provided.

page_text: with a bolt whereof the nut N as shown in Figure 6 Sheet 1 is fitted with a second
arm connected by a rod s with the knob or handle D or the nut of the already
existing lock. The bolt B' may 'then, as described in relation to Figures 3-5
Sheet I be secured or liberated, whereby the knob or handle D or its follower
corresponding to B' is then also secured or liberated.
The fixing of the bolt. B can also be effected, as shown in Figures 7 and 8
Sheet 2 by means of a stop C applied to the rearward end of the bolt, the said
stop being operated in the manner described in reference to Figures 3-6 Sheet 1,
and, when in its elevated position as shown in Figure 7 Sheet 2 abutting against
the narrow back-plate of the lock-case, prevents any withdrawal of the bolt B.
When the stop C is allowed to drop, by the release of the cord S, the bolt can as
usual be shot back. In this case when the stop C is drawn up into its operative
position, by the raising of the bell-crank lever n by the cranked rod d the bell g is
caused to sound and thus automatically indicate that the particular door in question
is locked.
In the modification represented in the Figures 9 to 11 Sheet 2 the nut N is
prevented from moving for which purpose besides being provided with the arm b
which actuates the bolt B it is provided with a second arm bent downwards at a
right angle.
Underneath is a toothed wheel R' firmly mounted on a shaft W' which is
arranged to rotate in the main-plate of the lock case, said wheel or shaft also
carrying a ratchet wheel R in which a double or forked armature lever K K¹ K'
oscillating on the pivot Walternately engages according to the alternating action
of the electromagnet M dependent upon the closing or interruption of its circuit-
current L L. The electromagnet is provided with a commutator or switch.
The drawing Figure 9 Sheet 2 represents this arrangement in the open position.
If now by pressure on the commutator-key or operation of the switch in the
circuit L L the current of the electromagnet M is closed & then broken, the
armature K is attracted by the magnet & then released & drawn back by the spring F',
so that the forked arms K' & K' are alternately thrown out of and into engagement
with the ratchet-wheel R2, whereby the latter is rotated to the extent of one tooth;
thus by making and breaking the circuit the toothed-wheel R' is caused to rotate,
so that now, instead of the gap or clearance between two of its teeth, the next
following tooth itself comes to be located beneath the arm of the nut N. In this
position if an attempt be made to turn the knob or handle, the'rotation of the nut N.
and consequently the withdrawal of the bolt B is impossible, because the depression
of the arm b² is absolutely stopped by contact with the adjacent tooth of the toothed
wheel Ri If the circuit L L be again made & broken, the ratchet-wheel and
toothed wheel are, in similar manner, caused to rotate, so that once more a gap or
clearance between two teeth is located underneath the arm b, whereby, as the nut N
is now free to rotate, the opening of the door is again rendered practicable.
In the modification represented in Figures 14 and 15 (Sheet 3) the nut N is, in
similar manner, beld fast, by a stop-block C, arranged to slide in a guide-piece or
slideway T by traction on the cord S whereby it is brought into position underneath
the square spindle V of the knob or handle; when the cord S is released, the
spring F pushes the stop-block C¹ to the end of its slide way T releasing the
square spindle V and leaving the nut N free to be turned by the latter.
In the arrangement shown in Figure 16 the nut N and its arm 6* are stopped by
a lever k k pivotted on a pin p its upper arm k¹ being drawn into the limiting
position, by traction applied to the lower arm by means of a cord S; while by the
release of the cord the lever-arm is quickly brought back to its normal
inoperative position by the spring F' setting free the arm 6 and nut N.
The holding fast of the lock bolt B may also be effected from the outside, as
shown in Figures 12 and 13 Sheet 3. In this case the mainplate of the lock case
is perforated or slotted above the bolt B to permit the passage of a stop-block J
fixed at the end of the lever H³ and entering a suitable recess in the bolt B; the
lever itself being suitably pivotted and connected at its other end with a cord S.

page_text: The lever is maintained in its inoperative position by a spring F' whose action may
be overcome for locking the bolt B by pulling the cord S.
In Figures 12 and 13 the bolt is shown to be held fast by the stop-block J.
When the cord is released the action of the spring F withdraws the stop-block .J
from the recess in the bolt B, liberating the latter and permitting the door to be
opened. If the cord S be pulled the stop-block J at the end of the lever H³ is
thrust into the recess of the lock-bolt B, and fixes the bolt fast, and presents the
door being opened.
In lieu of the lever H3 being arranged to enter the recess in the lock-bolt B
behind the front plate of the lock it can be made to pass through a slot of suitable
length in the main lock-plate and so enter the groove or recess in the bolt, where
it engages with the nut N, the operation remaining as above described.
All the variations before described and illustrated in Figures 1 to 16 Sheets 1, 2
and 3 are single locking locks. The following description relates to double locking
locks such as shown in Figures 1 to 9 of Sheet 4.
Figure 1 Sheet 4 shows a safety stop of this kind, with the lock-bolt-in the
closed or shot position; Figure 2 Sheet 4 with the lock-bolt in the open position;
while Figure 3 Sheet 4 shows the same in horizontal section on the line I-1 of
Figure 2. This consists of a block C, moving to and fro by means of the stud C
in a slide-way in the cover-plate of the lock. The block C is provided, on the edge
facing the bolt S with a notch or step c and rests on the bolt S, when the latter is
in the open position (Figure 2 Sheet 4). If now the lock-bolt is shot once, the
block C drops, by its own weight behind the bolt S with its notch or step c in the
position shown in dotted lines in Figure 2 Sheet 4. Should the bolt of the luck be
shot a second time, double-locking the door, the block C drops into the position
shown in Figure 1 Sheet 4. If someone having even a key to fit the lock now
makes the attempt to open it, the block C effectually prevents the lock-bolt from
being shot back, until the block C is raised, by means of the rod C', clear of the
bolt S. The displacement of the block C may be effected either by hand, by
simply manipulating the rod C', or by a pull administered by means of a cord
(see Figure 6 Sheet 4) connected with C. Should it be desired to retain the
stop out of action, it suffices to secure the cords to a suitable hook, when the block
is in its elevated position.. Figure 4 Sheet 4 shows an arrangement of the block C
under the lock-bolt S and made movable in a slideway in such manner that when
the bolt S is double-locked, the block C, under the action of the spring T assumes
a position behind a shoulder or projection of the bolt as shown in dotted lines in
Figure 4 Sheet 4, so as to prevent its being shot back until, by pressing the rod C'
downwards, the block C is displaced so as to be clear of the stop-bolt S.
The same result may be obtained by arranging the stop-block C so as to enter a
recess cut in the lock-bolt S. Figure 5 Sheet 4 shows such an arrangement in
vertical section. A lever H with its angularly projecting end H', when in the
stop-position, engages in the notch or slot a¹ formed in the lock-bolt S, and, by the
contact of Hagainst the guide-pin or bolt a (not shown in Figure 5 but shown in
Figures 1, 2 and 4 Sheet 4) and against the end a² of the slot prevents the opening
of the lock-bolt S. If the opposite arin H' of lever H be pressed towards the
lock, or a pull be given to the cord s, the lock-bolt S is liberated and the lock can
he opened. On releasing the cords the lever arm H', actuated by the spring F
once more engages in the slot a¹ of the bolt S as the latter is shot out. When this
arrangement is to be thrown out of operation, the cords when pulled as far as it
will go, is suitably secured.
The movement of the lock-bolt can similarly be prevented by operating upon
the tumbler Z so as to interpose a stop to its movement. In the lock represented
in Figures 7 to 9 Sheet 4 the stopping device for this purpose consists of a toothed
wheel R' which at one and the same time renders immovable both the tumbler Z
and the nut N. Here in this wheel R' fixed or a shaft W, the nut N and the
tumbler Z are pivotted to the main-plate of the case. Fixed to the shaft W against
the toothed wheel R' is a ratchet wheel wherein the forked armature lever KKK

page_text: The nut N
engages with one or the other of its two arms K¹ K², in alternation.
is provided with two arms 23 of which the former is turned in the direction of the
wheel R' while the latter holds in its forked extremity the elbowed end of the lock-
bolt B. The free end of the tumbler Z is bent upwards towards the wheel R' so
that it forms an arm Z'.
Figure 7 Sheet 4 shows the closing or stop mechanism in operation, neither the
lock-bolt S nor the latch-bolt B can be moved, inasmuch as both the arm Z of the
tumbler and the arm of the nut N abut against the teeth of the wheel R¹ on
opposite sides, and are thereby held immovable. If the forked lever K K¹ K' is
Pow set in operation, the engagement of its arms with the ratchet wheel R2 causes
the toothed wheel R' to rotate to the extent of one tooth, in such manner that
under the arm of the nut N as well as above the arm Z' of the tumbler Z
one of the gaps or clearances between two of the teeth are respectively placed
in position, setting them both free to move. By again operating the forked
lever K K K another tooth is opposed respectively to the arm b³ and the arm Z¹
renewing the stop and so on.
The alternate working of the forked lever K K' K2 itself can be effected by
pulling and releasing a cord secured to K in any suitable manner, or by con-
necting K with the armature of an electro-magnet M. When the cord is pulled the
arm K of K engages in the teeth of the ratchet wheel R2 while the other arm K2 is
thrown out of engagement; when the cord is released the reaction of the spring f¹
throws the arm K³ ouce more into engagement with the teeth of the ratchet.
wheel R whereby in consequence the ratchet wheel R' is caused to rotate to the
extent of one tooth; by thus rotating R2 two teeth R' will be turned one tooth.
The same result is obtained by pressing on a contact stud included in the
circuit L L of the electro-magnet M, since, on the closing of the circuit the
attraction of the armature A moves the forked lever K K K' (with which it
is suitably connected through the arm A' as shown in Figure 7 Sheet 4) back
against the spring f, and, as FOOD as the circuit is again interrupted, by the
release of the armature A from the magnet M the spring f once more moves the
forked lever K in the manner and with the results herein before explained.
For the purpose of making known by a signal that the stop mechanism is
operative, two contact studs c c are fixed to the lock which are connected by the
conductors L' with an electric bell. One of these contact studs (c¹) carries a spring
contact-strip c³ directed towards the wheel R'. As the wheel R' rotates, each
tooth, in turn, by its movement towards the arm of the nut N presses the
contact-strip c against the contact stud c and the tooth does not release the
contact-strip until it reaches its own stop-position beneath the arm 6. Thereby
the circuit is closed and the bell included in that circuit is rung, and thus gives
a signal that the stop-motion is operative.
The lock-bolt S can also be held fast by a device outside of the lock in the
body of the door, as shown in Figure 6 Sheet 4. In this arrangement the stop-
block C either falls by its own weight into a notch or recess formed in the bolt S
Sheet 4 or is pressed into the same by the action of a spring, as in Figure 4. The
working is the same as described in relation to Figures 1 to 4 of Sheet 4.
The same object may be obtained by mounting a lever H (Figure 6 Sheet 4) on
the door which with its arm H engages in the stop-bolt in the closed position.
The working would be like that described in relation to Figure 5 Sheet 4.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, and in what manner the
same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is 3-
1. In a device for locking and releasing bolts of door-locks a lever (H) which
by means of a traction device (S) can be applied to the knob or handle (D) or
withdrawn and removed therefrom, or the arrangement of a traction device only
for the purpose of permitting the usual movement of the said knob or handle and
therewith also of the lock-bolt or of preventing such movement by means of an

page_text: elbow (W) or of a traction device (S) substantially as described and illustrated in
the accompanying drawings.
2. In a device for locking and releasing bolts of door-locks a, stop-block or
plate (C) operated by a traction device (S) so arranged that the said stop either
engages in the lock-bolt or is placed behind it and by working in guides in the
walls of the lock-case prevents the movement of the lock-bolt until by the operation
of the traction device (S) it is withdrawn or removed from the lock-holt
substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
3. In a device for locking and releasing bolts of door-locks an arm (6) on the
nut (N) of the lock which arm encountering a tooth of a wheel (R') prevents
the turning of the nut (N) and thereby also the shooting back of the lock-bolt (B)
until by, the operation of a forked or double lever (K) a ratchet wheel (R2) is
turned and the next following gap or recess between two teeth of the toothed
wheel (R) assumies a position beneath the arm (*) of the nut (N) substantially
as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
4. In a device for locking and releasing bolts of door-locks a swinging lever or-
stop-device (k) which by means of a traction device (S) is brought underneath
the arm (2) of the nut (N) so as to prevent the operation of the latter until the
release of the traction device (S) allows the swinging lever or stop-device (¹) to
be withdrawn from under the arm (6) by the action of a spring (F³) substantially
as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
5. In a device for locking and releasing bolts of door-locks a lever (H³) whereof
one end (J) engages in a recess formed in the lock-bolt (B) so long as its opposite
end is pulled outwards by a traction device (S) while when the said lever is released
the end (J) is withdrawn from the recess in the lock-bolt (B) permitting the
latter to be shot back and opened substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
6. In a device for locking and releasing bolts of door-locks (a b) a stop-block
such as C working in a guide or slideway (T) in such manner that by means of a
traction device (S) it may be placed under the square spindle (V) of the nut (N)
so as to prevent the same being rotated until the release of the traction device (S)
permits a spring (F) to withdraw the said stop-block substantially as described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
7. The arrangement of an electro-magnet (M) in a lock in such manner that
when energised by the closing of the circuit embracing it an armature lever is
attracted and thereby a ratchet wheel (R2) is rotated for the purpose of bringing
a toothed wheel (R) into the opening or closing position in relation to the rotating
arm () of the nut (N) substantially as described and illustrated in the accom--
panying drawings.
8. The combination with a lock such as described of a signal or alarum (9) in.
such manner that a stop-block (C) when in the closing position sets the same in
motion by means of a spindle (d) and thus gives a signal as to the operation of
the stop-device substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
9. In a locking and releasing or safety-stop device for locks an intermediate
motion link or device such as C H H or R₁ which by traction pressure weight or
spring action or rotation is brought behind or into engagement with a lock-bolt or
its tumbler Z or withdrawn and removed therefrom in order that by the consequent
prevention of any movement thereof the unauthorised opening of the lock itself
even by means of the key appertaining to it may be rendered impossible sub-
stantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
10. The combination with the safety-stop motion or device described in the last
preceding claim of an electric bell. in such manner that by the movement of the
intermediate motion link or stop-device (C H H' or R') into the closing position
the bell is caused to ring and a signal thus obtained of the working of the
stop-device substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.

page_text: 11. In a safety-stop-motion or device for locks an intermediate motion or device
which may be brought into operation between the nut (N) and the bolt (S) of the
lock in such manner that simultaneously the nut (N) and the lock-bolt (S) or
tumbler (Z) may be prevented from moving or being moved until the intermediate
stop-motion or device is restored to the open position substantially as described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 24th day of April 1894.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOUlt,
Agents for the Applicant.