Improvements in Spring Door Hinges.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Aug., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 23rd May, 1891-Accepted, 18th July, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Spring Door Hinges.
GUILLERMO ANTONIO FARINI of Dartmouth Lodge Perry Vale Forest Hill in
the County of Surrey, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
My improvements consist of springs hinges for the hanging of doors two or more
being used as in the ordinary manner.
In carrying my invention into practice 1 insert into the door frame, a small
casing into which is placed a bolt encircled by a spiral spring the said bolt being
connected by a rocking lever to a plate on the door forming a fulcrum, and the
door a lever, which compresses the spring above described on the opening of the
door and stores up sufficient power to close the same when released slowly to its
normal position.
This apparatus is applicable also to double action swinging doors.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Spring Door Hinges.
I, GUILLERMO ANTONIO FARINI of Dartmouth Lodge, Perry Vale Forest Hill,
in the County of Surrey Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in hinges and springs combined therewith
for hanging doors and automatically closing the same.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood, I have appended the
accompanying sheets of drawings in which Figure 1 Sheet 1 is an end view of a
double acting spring hinge according to my invention, and Figure 2 is an elevation
thereof. Figure 3 is a back end view of the same, and Figure 4 is a section of a
door jamb or frame shewing the hinge in position with the door open, Figure 5
upon the same sheet is a plan view of the same. Figure 6, Sheet 2 is an elevational
view of a modification of the foregoing, in which the parts are arranged to allow
the door to be swung completely backward, and Figure 7 is an end view, and
Figure 8 a plan thereof. Figure 9 is an elevation of a modified construction of the
foregoing for applying to doors or frames in which a considerable closing force is
required with a comparatively narrow frame. Figure 10 is a sectional elevation of
a spring hinge plate shewing an appliance for retaining the door open. Figures 11
and 12, Sheet 3 are respectively elevational and end views of a single acting spring
hinge in which a volute spring is employed instead of a spiral or coiled spring.
Figure 13 upon the same sheet is an elevation of a double acting hinge with a
volute spring. Figure 14, Sheet 4 shews a modification of the device according to
my invention in which the suspension of the door is effected by the bolt and link,
hereinafter to be described and Figure 15 is a plan of the same. Figure 16 upon
the same sheet is an elevation of a double spring applied to a hinge. Figure 17
Sheet 3, shews an arrangement whereby a spring hinge according to my invention
may be adapted to a door or frame which is too narrow or has not sufficient thick-
ness or depth to admit of the use of any of the arrangements previously referred to,
and Figure 18 is a plan thereof.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the several
views.

page_text: In carrying my said invention into effect I construct a spring hinge as shewn by
Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, Sheet 1 Referring to the plan view, Figure 5, which
shews said hinge in position with the door to which it is attached open in one
direction, a plate A, suitably shaped for attachment to either the door or the frame,
carries two semi cylindrical projections e and f corresponding to similarly shaped
recesses c and d upon the plate B, which carries a tube or guide E, within which a
bolt F is fitted so as to move freely against or with the compression of a spiral
spring G encircling it. When the door is opened in one direction as shewn by
Figures 4 and 5 it is held in suspension by the semi cylindrical projection f
engaging with the recess d and also by the bolt F. within its guide E, and when
closed by the action of the spring G, as shewn by Figure 2, Sheet 1, the pro-
jections e and engage with the recesses c and d respectively, and the faces of the
plates A and B fit closely together. The bolt F is connected to the plate A by.
means of a jointed link C, which, with the bolt F is entirely withdrawn into the
tube or guide E by the spring G when the door is closed. When said door is
pushed open in the opposite direction, the suspension thereof is effected by the
projection e engaging with the recess e, the action of the link C, bolt F and
spring G being the same whichever way said door is opened. In order to relieve
the bolt C and bolt F of strains in the suspension of the door I provide shoulders g
and at the bottom of the recesses c and d, as shown in the end view Figure 1.
In cases where it is required to open a door so that it is swung completely back
ward, as shewn by the position of the double acting spring hinge in the plan view
Figure 8, and end views Figure 7 Sheet 2, I provide a double link cc, the slot in
the end of the bolt F being cut sufficiently deep to allow of the complete with-.
drawal of both links from the tube E, when the door is wide open, and of the return
of said links when said door is closely shut, as shewn by the dotted outline in the
elevation Figure 6.
In order to meet the requirements of cases in which greater power is required
than may with safety be derived from the compression of a single spring
I may provide one or more additional springs, as shewn by G¹ Figure 16, Sheet 4.
The bolt F is encircled by the spring G, and connected to the link and door plate
in the same manner as hereinbefore described, but the auxiliary spring or springs is
or are placed upon a fixed stud or studs F¹, attached to the plate B. The bolt F
carries a plate H, having a hole or holes corresponding to the stud or studs F', and
sliding upon it or them and compressing the spring or springs thereon when the
door is opened.
In all the examples herein described a spiral spring as shewn by the drawings is,
in point of useful effect and durability preferable, yet when it is desired to adapt
the device or contrivance according to my invention to a narrow frame, or other
position in which sufficient depth cannot be obtained for the insertion of the bolt
and tube when such spiral spring is used, the length of said bolt and tube may be
considerably reduced by the employment of a volute spring in lieu thereof.
In Figure 9 Sheet 2 a volute spring is shewn, applied to a doubleacting spring
hinge, in which said spring G is freely suspended upon a pin P rigidly fixed to the
plate B. The bolt F in this case is bent or shaped as shewn, and the free end of
the pin P acts as a guide therefore. The two ends of F pass through the plate B
and are connected by two links C and C¹ to the plate A in the same manner as
hereinbefore described.
Figure 13 Sheet 3 is an elevational view shewing the adaption, if a volute spring
to a double acting spring hinge in which the bolt F is encircled by the volute
spring G in the same manner as hereinbefore described, and is operated in a similar
manner, and Figure 11 is an elevation of a single acting spring hinge, which is
provided by a single projection e upon the plate A, engaging with a corresponding
recess d in B, allowing the door to open from one side only. A volute spring G is
shewn with a bolt F as in the previous cases although a spiral spring may be used.
Figure 12 is an end view of the plate B of Figure 13, shewing the recess d upon
one side thereof.

page_text: In order to retain a door in a certain position or angle of opening against the
power of the spring, I may employ the device shewn by the sectional view
Figure 10, Sheet 2, in which the plate B and tube E are shewn in section. A
triangular shaped pawl j is attached to the exterior of the tube E by means of a
flat spring i and a corresponding triangular notch k is cut in the bolt F in the
proper position so that it is opposite to the pawl j when the door is opened to the
desired angle. Said pawl then engages with the notch k, by the tension of
the flat spring and holds said door against the power of the spiral or volute spring
before described. By reason of the triangular shape of j and k a slight push serves.
to disengage them, and the door then closes in the usual manner.
may dispense
with the semi cylindrical projections e. f. and recesses c d upon the plates A and B
in the manner shewn by the elevation Figure 14 and plan view Figure 15, Sheet 4,
depending upon the projection of the end of the bolt F, the pins a band link C to
support the door, said method of suspension being sufficient in the case of ordinary
doors, when two or more of these hinges are employed, or I may aid said suspension
by using supplementary pivots or hinges where necessary.
When it is required to apply the spring hinge according to my invention to a
door or frame that is narrow or has not a sufficient thickness of material to hold it
when inserted in the manner hereinbefore described, I employ a modification shewn
by Figure 17, Sheet 3, in which the bolt F and spring G are contained within a
case upon the plate A which is screwed or otherwise attached to the door or
frame, and a rectangular projection A¹ carries the recess or hinge socket c.
side of the bore of his slotted inwards to allow of the free central motion or
suspension of the link C.
The
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood
that I am aware that spring hinges have been made and used, in which the spring
operates a bolt which is coupled to the door, said spring being enclosed in either
the door or its frame, and I do not exclusively claim this device, but I declare that
what I claim is :-
:-
First. The combination of a bolt F, spring G and plates A B with link C and
projections e. f. or e. or f and recesses c. d. or c. or d the whole forming a spring
door hinge substantially as herein described and shewn by the drawings.
Second. The construction and use of the double acting spring door hinge substan-
tially as herein described and shewn by Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 Sheet 1 of the
appended drawings.
Third. The construction and use of the double acting spring door hinge substan-
tially as herein described and shewn by Figures 6, 7, 8, Sheet 2 of the appended
drawings.
Fourth. In a single or double acting spring door hinge as referred to in the
preceding claims, the combination of one or more auxiliary spiral or volute springs
with the other parts, substantially as herein described and shewn by Figure 16
Sheet 4 of the appended drawings.
Fifth. In a single or double acting spring door hinge the employment of a bolt
with two or more members in combination with one spring and the other parts of
said hinge, substantially as herein described with reference to Figure 9, Sheet 2.
Sixth. In a single or double acting spring door hinge the combination of a spring
pawl for retaining the door in position, with the spring hinge, substantially as
herein described with reference to Figure 10, Sheet 2 of the appended drawings.
Dated this 22nd day of May 1891.
FREDK. WALKER,
11, Furnival Street, Holborn, London, E.C., Agent for the Applicant.