Improvements in or relating to Apparatus for Use in Working Grind- stones, Emery-wheels and the like, or for Working Hard Surfaces in General.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Apr., 1899-Accepted, 2nd June, 1899
Improvements in or relating to Apparatus for Use in Working Grind-
stones, Emery-wheels and the like, or for Working Hard Surfaces
in General.
I, CARL ANDREAS VIKTOR HALLGREN, Grofmagnigatan, 9, Stockholm, Kingdom of
Sweden, Foreman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement;
This invention relates to apparatus for use in working grind-stones, emery-
wheels, and the like or for working hard surfaces in general, and comprises a
number of small hard steel rods radiating from a roller-shaft and bearing with
their inner ends perpendicularly on the latter. By the aid of suitable intermediate
collars the rods are held together on the said shaft, between a shoulder on the
latter and some form of clamping nut. The thickness of metal of the rods is but
slight, but owing to their having a curved or corrugated cross-section the rods can
without bending penetrate into the stone or surface with their free ends and without
requiring at any time to be ground. The roller revolves freely in a suitable holder,
being driven by the rotating stone or emery-wheel or the surface in motion, in
contact with which it is held, its action being based on the aforesaid penetrative
power of the rods; the work performed consequently consists in a rapid picking
which is the more intense as the diameter of the roller is small, in comparison
with the grind-stone or emery-wheel, and its velocity of rotation is consequently
great.
Figure 1 shows a section axially through the roller and Figure 2 and end view
of the same partially in section.
Figures 3 and 4 show a modified arrangement of the roller and
Figures 5, 6 and 7 the holder.
The small steel-rods are designated by a, and the shaft by b. The latter which
is tubular, in order that the roller may be slid on to the pin g of the holder,
Figure 6, has a head 6 between which and the clamping-nuts f is clamped the
collection of rods and distance-collars, the latter alternately consisting of plate
metal and some soft material, for instance paste-board or leather. In putting
the tool together the shaft is placed upright and a plate washer e is slid over it,
a layer of rods a being subsequently placed on the latter, then a paper-disc d and
a plate collar c is put on and on the latter a fresh layer of rods, and so on. The
whole is clamped together by means of the nuts f. The inner, slightly com-
pressed ends of the rods are made to bear against the shaft of the roller, and the
rods are so placed that the side having sharp edges, owing to the corrugated or
U-shaped cross-section of the rod, will face the paste-board disc d. When the
pieces are clamped together the said edges enter into the paste-board disc and the
whole is consequently fastened securely together. Only about half the length of
the rods is embraced by the intermediate collars or distance-pieces, their free

page_text: outer ends being enabled to enter in the piece operated on, until the roller has
worn off close to the said collars. The wear is insignificant, however, owing to
the comparatively great length of the cutting edge, due to the curved or corrugated
cross-section of the rod. Evidently this may differ from that shown in the draw-
ing, being instead made W- or S-shaped for instance.
The modified arrangement, Figures 3 and 4, consists in that the rods are
wound with wire, which may be necessary when they are straight in cross-section,
i.e. when the latter is not curved or corrugated. The winding is done in the
manner that each respective layer of rods is provided with a wire g passing zig-zag
around the rods and coiled about the roller so that only the outer ends of the
rods are left free. In this manner each layer of rods forms a coherent disc,
Figure 4. This disc is dipped in molten tin or the like, even with the inner edge
of the winding so that the wire coils and the rods become soldered together.
Several discs are subsequently slid on to the shaft alternating with distance pieces,
and clamped together by means of the nuts, Figure 3. The roller is used until the
rods have worn down to the winding, a portion of the latter being afterwards
unravelled as required. The winding may also be produced by passing the wire g
back and forth along the axis of the roller, around the rows of rods.
The roller is inserted in the fork h of the holder, Figures 5-7 being allowed
to revolve freely on the pin g' of said fork. The holder, moreover, consists of the
support i carrying the fork h, the sleeve which can be moved along the frame
by means of the screw n, and the screw m belonging to the support and surrounded
by the sleeve k and with which screw engage the nut p which is rotatably attached
to the sleeve and serves for moving the roller support backward or forward at right
angles to the frame. The fork / has a pivot-pin passing up through the sup-
port and provided with a tightening-nut s. The holder is attached in such a
manner to the grind-stone or emery-wheel frame that the roller can be moved
in contact with the stone or wheel (indicated by the are c). If it is desired to
turn off the edge of the stone or wheel, the roller is adjusted accordingly by turning
the fork on the pin r.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion. and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim
is:-
1. A device for working grind-stones, emery-wheels, and the like or for working
hard surfaces in general comprising a series of radiating steel-rods such as a having
a uniform thickness and a bent or corrugated cross-section such as a (U, W, or
S-shape) which rods are mounted on a roller and bear with their inner ends per-
pendicularly on the shaft or central part of the roller and by the aid of distance
pieces are held together between a shoulder or fixed collar on the same part and
a clamping nut or the like, said roller being adapted to rotate freely on the holder
or the like in which it is journalled, and to be driven by the moving surface
operated on, in contact with which it is held, for the purpose of causing the rods,
which owing to their shape can be made of such thin material that they serve their
purpose without grinding, to exert a picking action on the operating surface with-
out bending.
2. In apparatus of the kind described an arrangement in which the roller is
wound with wire in a zig-zag manner between the radiating rods the wire coils
being fastened together by soldering for the purpose of obtaining a firm bracing
of the rods by the winding, even if the rods be made of straight cross-section, that
they will withstand the pressure of the surface operated on, and allow unwinding
of the wire, as required, as the rods wear.
3. A holder for a roller of the kind described consisting of a support movable in
a suitable frame both longitudinally and laterally by means of adjusting-screws
and provided with an adjustable fork such as (h) pivoted on a pin in which fork
the roller is journalled so as to revolve freely.

page_text: 4. The complete apparatus for use in working grind-stones, emery-wheels and
the like or for working hard surfaces generally, substantially as described or illus-
trated in the accompanying drawings.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.