Improvements in and connected with Cottage Fire-ranges.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 30th June, 1894-Accepted, 11th Aug., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Cottage Fire-ranges.
I, JAMES HEYWOOD, of 54, Taylor Street, Tonge, near Middleton, in the
County of Lancaster, Shop-keeper, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in cottage fire ranges and has for its
object to provide means which will save coal and facilitate a better combustion
thereof, prevent dust and down draught, render the cooking easier and quicker and
permit of utilizing a portion of the heat generated for warming rooms.
And in order that my invention may be more fully understood I have caused to
be appended hereunto one sheet of drawings marked with letters of reference indica-
ting like parts in the various figures.
Fig. 1 is a front view partly in section and Fig. 2 a vertical section of a cottage
fire range and chimney formed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 3 is an
enlarged perspective view of the fire range and Figs. 4, 5 & 6, are perspective views
of accessory parts.
In carrying out my invention and referring to the figures generally I form
behind the back a of the grate a chamber which may extend behind both the
oven c and boiler d or behind one only, say, the oven c. The heat from the
back a of the grate, which otherwise would be lost, heats the air in the chamber b,
which air prevents the back a from getting cool and thus assists the combustion
of the fuel. The top of the hot air chamber b is a plate 6' and forms a back
hob. A flue e, see dotted lines, Fig. 1, may be formed in connection with the
chamber b from which a portion of the hot air may be allowed to pass into the
kitchen or room above by means of a grid valve f, the bottom of the chamber b in
this case being formed with an opening 62 to admit fresh air and effect the circula-
tion of the hot air.
In order to prevent down draught and soot falling from the chimney g, I employ
or form in the same, say the lower end, a vertical partition h having at the boiler
side an inclined shelf which blocks up that part of the chimney and directs
the heat to the oven side of the grate, whilst it receives the soot falling from
the chimney g and conveys the same into the flue i formed at the back of the
chamber and thus prevents it falling onto the fire. The hot gases from the
boiler and oven flues c & d may enter the chimney 9 opposite the partition / or
at any other part above.
The grate bottom a² is formed with an extension or plate k, see Figs. 2 & 3, and
with lugs k¹, the latter being adapted to rest upon the brick work at each side of
the grate and the former to support the walls a & 6 of the hot air chamber b.
The grate front a³ I form with vertical bars / having a longitudinal space lat
the bottom which latter facilitates the raking out of ashes and cinders.
Figs. 4 shows a grid m adapted to be put inside existing fire grates formed with
horizontal bars, a space being also provided below the vertical bars / for the
purpose of raking out the ashes and cinders.
The top of the grate front a³ and the plate bl are each formed with a rail o upon
which are adapted to slide over each other two shelves p which serve as dampers to
close more or less the grate top and by withdrawing the oven damper cause the
heat to be drawn under the oven.
The said shelves also serve as a crow bar, in lieu of that hinged over the fire
grate and upon which can be placed the kettle or pans to be heated, and may be
used in connection with existing fire grates.

page_text: In this case the said shelves are carried by and rendered adjustable on a frame p',
see Fig. 5, the back end of which is adapted to be driven into the wall and the
front end to rest upon the top of the grate front a³.
In order to prevent the heat radiating from the top of the oven I provide a box
or casing 9, see Fig. 6, filled with some non-conducting material, say silicate of
cotton, adapted to be placed upon the oven top.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim, is.
"In and connected with cottage fire ranges."
1st. The formation of a hot air chamber b at the back of the fire grate, substan-
tially as and for the purpose set forth.
2nd. The employment or formation of a partition h in the chimney, the said
partition having on one side an inclined shelf h³, substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
3rd. The grate bottom a² formed with an extension or plate k adapted to support
the walls of the hot air chamber b, substantially as set forth.
4th. The grate front a³ or removable grate having vertical bars l¹ and a
longitudinal space below the same, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
5th. The shelves or dampers p rendered adjustable on the top of the fire grate,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
6th. The shelves or dampers p specified in the proceding claim rendered adjust-
able on a frame p', substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
7th. In combination with the oven top a box or casing q. charged with non-
conducting material, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 27th day of June 1894.
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
4, Corporation Street, Manchester, Agents to Applicant.