Improved Mechanism for the Application of Hand Power in Tools, Implements, and Machines.
Year: 1893

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Mechanism for the Application of Hand Power in Tools,
Implements, and Machines.
I ERNST LIEBING of 17 Luisenstrasse, Berlin N.W. in the Empire of Germany
Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by.
the following statement:-
This invention relates to all tools, implements, machines or devices in which a
member or members is or are intended to be moved or movable with considerable
force or power and in which this movement is to be operated by hand by the user.
of the tool, implement, machine or device.
The invention consists in an improved mechanism for convenient hand operation
and capable of transmitting the power of the operator to the movable member with
a great increase of force.
The improved mechanism is suitable and applicable to devices in general above
described and by way of example I have appended drawings illustrating its
application to various devices in which are two members the one relatively movable
to or from the other and requiring the application of power either during their
approach to or recession from each other.
The essential features of this mechanism are a lever mounted upon the one
member either directly or indirectly so as to revolve on a fulcrum of fixed or fixable
position with regard to that member, this lever having a long arm for a handle and
a short arm forming in effect a tooth and a series of recesses on the other member
or on a bar fixed with the other member, these recesses being intended and of
suitable shape to receive the aforesaid tooth when the lever is moved for that
purpose, so that the force exerted through the lever operates to cause the members
to approach towards or recede from each other as the construction may necessitate.
The above device may be in so far varied without departing from this invention,
that the operating tooth may be formed not by a short arm of the lever but by a
hinged or other pawl on the lever operating as a toggle or otherwise and engaging
with the series of recesses so that the movement of the lever may be transmitted
to the recessed bar with reduction of amplitude and corresponding increase of
power.
As an additional feature, the lever may be provided with a detent to hold and
retain it in any angular position against recoil so that the pressure applied may be
retained without hand labour..
"
In the drawings
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a nut wrench.
Fig. 2 a similar view of another form of wrench.
Fig. 3 shows a vice.
Fig. 4 another form of vice or cabinet makers cramping frame.
Fig. 5 tongs for holding small forgings.
Fig. 6 a small hand vice or pincers.
Fig. 7 a tension device for carpenters saws.
Fig. 8 another form of nut and pipe wrench.
Fig. 9 a pipe cutter.
Fig. 10 in elevation and plan shows a planing bench.
Fig. 11 is a clamp.
Fig. 12 nutcrackers.
Fig. 13 a copying press.

page_text: Like letters of reference indicate the same or corresponding parts throughout the
figures.
The position of the lever D that is to say the fulcruming of the same in the one
or other member may vary.
In Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and it is fulcrumed in the movable member and the series
of recesses with which its tooth d engages is conversely arranged in the member
which for purposes of distinction may be termed the stationary member. In Figs. 7,
8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 on the contrary the lever D is pivoted in the stationary
member and acts upon the series of recesses in the movable member.
A is the one face plate or jaw of the tool and A' the corresponding face plate or
jaw, the former is moved by the bar B in which is the series of recesses with which
the tooth d of the lever D co-operates. C is the member to which the face plate or
jaw A¹ is connected and to which by means of the plates the lever D is connected
at its fulcrum. are auxiliary guide plates arranged where necessary.
The lever D has amplitude of movement sufficient to enable it to be moved in one
direction far enough to bring the tooth d out of the path of the points of the bar B
between the recesses therein. When the lever is in this position the bar may be
pushed in or drawn out by hand, or the part C carrying the lever may be moved on
the bar B to give a preliminary adjustment after which the final adjustment and
pressure may be exerted by means of the lever which being moved towards the
opposite limit of its course will bring the tooth d into the recess thereunder, and
force the bar slightly further with considerable power.
Where it is desired to provide the lever D with means for holding it against
return, this may be done by forming the edge of the plate or one of them with a
ratchet segment concentric with the fulcrum of the lever and placing on the latter
a spring operated pawl to engage with this ratchet. This pawl may have a tail
extending along the lever D for convenience in releasing the pawl. Such construc-
tion is shown in Figs. 3, 4, 9, 10, 11, 13 and 14.
In the modification shown in Fig. 15, the pawl d pivoted to the lever D near its
fulcrum, engages with the recesses in the bar B instead of the tooth d shown in the
other figures. This construction operates however substantially in the same way
except that for pushing the bar B by hand in the direction in which the pressure
will be exerted it is unnecessary to first move the lever D to its extreme position as
shown in Fig. 11.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
1. An improved mechanism for the application of hand power in tools, implements
and machines consisting in the combination with one member of a series of recesses
and with the other member of a lever, pivoted thereto and having a short arm or a
pivoted pawl forming a tooth and adapted to engage in the recesses for application
of power or to be disengaged therefrom for relative movement of the members
without power substantially as described.
2. An improved mechanism for the application and maintenance of pressure or
tension in hand tools, implements or machines, consisting in the combination with
one member of a series of recesses and with the other member of a lever pivoted
thereto having a short arm or a pivoted pawl forming a tooth and adapted to engage
in the recesses for application of power or to be disengaged therefrom for relative
movement of the members without power and having a locking pawl co-operating
with a segment for maintenance of the lever in the position given to it for the
purpose set forth.
Dated this 18th day of April 1893.
R. HADDAN.
Herbert Haddan & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London.