IMPROVEMENTS IN. MACHINES FOR ELONGATING NAIL BLANKS TO BE FORMED INTO HORSE-SHOE NAILS, AND FOR CHIPPING, POINTING, AND OTHERWISE FINISHING SAID NAILS
Year: 1881

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LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of the Firm of Herbert and
Company, Solicitors of Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster,
Civil Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN. MACHINES FOR
ELONGATING NAIL BLANKS TO BE FORMED INTO HORSE-SHOE NAILS, AND
FOR CHIPPING, POINTING, AND OTHERWISE FINISHING SAID NAILS" A com-
munication from abroad by James Henry Peck, of Montreal, in the Province
of Quebec, Canada, Nail Manufacturer..
'
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th May 1881.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINES FOR ELONGATING NAIL BLANKS TO BE FORMED INTO HORSE SHOE
NAILS, AND FOR CHIPPING, POINTING, AND OTHERWISE FINISHING SAID NAILS."
A communication from abroad by James Henry Peck, of Montreal, in the Province
of Quebec, Canada, Nail Manufacturer.
This Invention has reference to the construction of a machine, into which nail
blanks are introduced or fed by hand.
Now as the machinery for making the blanks does not form any part of the
present Invention, I shall not describe or show in the Drawings any of the various
forms of machines for forming the nail blank forged or cold worked, but I shall
content myself on this subject by informing all persons who wish to understand
one of the forms found to answer this purpose, and to see a full description and
Drawing of the nail blank to Letters Patent of Great Britain, No. 1489, of A.D.
1876.
I take the "nail-blank," which is nothing more than a nail with the head formed
to the proper size and configuration, and by my improved machine it is first
elongated or rolled out in its body to the proper thickness, after which it is partly
curved and then clipped at the point to the proper length of nail and configuration
of point, after which it is pressed between a pair of dies that give the required

page_text: by a paul arranged to move it one tooth n¹ at a time, it may be moved an equal
amount at each action of the paul; and I would further remark that whatever
number of teeth m¹ is provided with there must be an equal number of notches o¹³,
and each notch must be placed in the same relative position with the tooth opposite
which it is placed, so that by adjusting the operating paul, which will be herein-
after described, to bring a nail-blank in one of the notches opposite a given point,
each of the notches carrying a nail in it will bring each nail blank opposite the
same given point, and great care must be taken in the construction of all the parts
I have just above mentioned, for should there be any defect in this respect the
machine will never give entire satisfaction until such defect has been remedied.
p is a guard-ring extending nearly the whole of the circumference of the wheel
m, but leaving a space q¹ (see Figure 3), and also a space cut out at 7³ to give room
for the roller for elongating the nail.
8¹ is the paul by which the wheel m¹ is rotated. This pawl is attached in the
ordinary adjustable manner to disk t¹ carried by a pivot attached to a bracket u¹
secured on the entablature a. To this disk is attached a rod a² by means of an
adjustable pin 6%. The rod a² is held in a guide c² attached to the frame-work.
The rod a is provided at its lower extremity with a double eye d², in which is
pivotted a friction roller e³, which rolls upon the periphery of a cam f2 secured
upon the shaft e.
From the above description of the parts it will be seen that for each revolution
of the shaft e the wheel m² is advanced one tooth, and the shaft v makes one
revolution, that the rocker-arm is moved once back and forth, and that the
eccentric rod i is moved once up and down.
On the upper extremity of the shaft is secured in the ordinary manner a
cam h², which bears against a roller pivoted in a sliding-rest k²; 1 are the guides
secured on the entablature a, in which the sliding rest k³ slides back and forth, it
being moved forward by the cam h2, and brought back by elastic bands or other
springs connected with a rod m³ and a staple n³, said staple being held stationary
by any ordinary standard o² attached to the entablature a.
In the rest are carried three dies, two p² and one 92. The die q² is in width
the breadth of the body of the nail-blank to be rolled, and the dies p³ extend
beyond the die q' the amount that the nail is to be rolled down to in thickness, so
that the dies p³ serve the double purpose of preventing the nail from spreading out
sideways while being rolled, and, as said before, gauging the thickness.
p is a bracket secured on a in the manner shown in Figure 5, whereby it is
provided to be adjustable in position on the entablature a by slotting the holes of
the holding-down bolts and by the adjusting screw a¹; this bracket forms a guide
for the slide 8. To a central projection of this slide 82 is attached a plate u²,
the said plate being formed with a double eye at its lower extremity, and attached
by a pivot a³, and I would further remark that the edges of this plate are dove-
tailed, as shewn, in that part of it which enters the slide 8³, thus securely holding
it in position. This slide 8 is attached to the end of the eccentric rod i in the
ordinary manner, and by it is moved up and down, as shewn in Figure 5.
In u are pivoted two friction rollers 63, in front of which is carried the
elongating roll c³ by means of a forked strap d³ secured by a bolt and nut to u².
The wheel m' at each of its motions in the direction of the arrow, shewn in
Figure 3, brings a nail-blank fairly in position in front of the die g², which at this
time is drawn back, but as soon as the nail-blank is in position, as just above
stated, it comes forward, at the same time the slide s³ is raised to its utmost height,
just a little before the sliding-rest ³, and dies therein contained are brought to
the forward extremity of their stroke. Now as the wheel m' is held stationary by
the paul for some time, and as the cam h³ keeps the rest pressed forward a
considerable time by its being made concentric through fully half of the periphery,
as will be seen by examination of the configuration of that cam in Figure 4, it gives
time for the roller to roll out and elongate the blank upon the die q².
e is a small spring secured on p', which comes just above the head of the blank,

page_text: and prevents its rising out of place, and f³ is a guard situated at the head of the
blank, preventing it from falling out, and holding it in position while being
operated on by the roll c³.
After the blank has been thus elongated the slide retires, and the wheel m'
moves forward another notch, thus bringing another blank to be elongated, and
carrying that which has been elongated to be acted upon by the other parts of the
machine..
g³ are spring friction blocks attached on p' to prevent the ring m² from moving
by momentum any distance beyond what it is pushed by the paul s¹.
It will be seen that adjusting screws are provided for setting the dies p² and q²,
and, although not shewn in the Drawings, set screws will pass through the side of
the slide for holding the said dies laterally rigid in position.
On the front of the entablature a projections h³ are formed, having an open
space between them, and otherwise configurated to receive a slide 3 of the
ordinary dove-tail configuration, as seen in Figure 1. This is provided with two
downward projecting webs s formed in one with it. In each of these an opening
is formed, and in each of them are fitted slide blocks m³, through which a pin n³
passes. This pin is securely set in the upper arm o³ of the rock-shaft p³ (see
Figures 1 and 6); the said rock-shaft being carried and rocking on a pin q³, having its
extremities secured in brackets 7 and 8, this slide moves backward and forward
with the revolutions of the eccentric f¹ and rod h¹, which will be clearly understood
by reference to Figure 2.
:
The slide is provided with upward extensions t³, in which are situated the
clipping dies u³, shown in detail in Figures 11, 12, and 13. These dies consist of two
parts placed together and secured with dowels or screws, and have between them
an adjustable wedge a'. This wedge gives a clearance, as the point of the nail is
pushed back in them by the punch-die 6 when the said dies u³ are moved up
against the said punch-die. The dies u³ are kept sharp by grinding off their faces c¹,
and as these dies are decreased in length the wedge a³ is moved backwards to keep
the clearance and position of the cutting edges equal. These dies are set up to the
proper position by one or more set-screws d', and are then secured laterally by set
screws et.
;
fis a guide block secured on the upper surfaces of t for the forked guide g* to
slide in this is provided with an upward projection h* having a rod is secured in it.
The back end of the rod is free to slide through an eye formed in an upward pro-
jection attached on the upper side of f. 14 is a spiral spring for keeping the
forked end of g* advanced in front of the dies u³, but allowing it to yield and retire
backward whenever required, as will be hereinafter fully described.
m* is a saddle securely bolted on a and h³ provided with two upward projections n*
having a space o* between them, which space is enlarged to hold in it two gripping-
jawa p; these are bevelled at a suitable angle, as shown, so that when the screws q*
are screwed up to make them grip the punch-die 6* the action of the screws on the
bevel will cause the jaws p' to press toward the front of the machine, that is to say,
against the surface of the recess at as well as against the side 81; for were not
these grips held rigidly in position the punch-die 6 would also be wanting in
rigidity. Besides the grips p holding the punch-die b* they also hold a guard t*, as
shown in Figs. 4 and 6.
This guard is well rounded off as shown to prevent the elongated blank from
coming against the side of the punch-die 6' when brought before it by the wheel m',
as shown in Fig. 6; and a³ is a small spring attached on p' having a projection
extending backward to come in contact with the nail, shown in Figs. 1 and 3, for
accomplishing the same object, but this is not necessary if this properly constructed.
As soon as the nail blank is brought in front of the punch-die the slide ³ moves
forward, in doing which it first brings the forked points of g' in contact with the
elongated blank, and if the said blank is not in the proper position on the punch-
die b* it adjusts it before the clipping dies us actually begin to clip the point, for
were the elongated blank not fairly adjusted on the punch-die the point would be

page_text: bevelled or cut unevenly or more to one side than the other rendering the nails
imperfect.
As the slide and dies us now move some further distance forward to complete
the clipping of the nail, the guide g' yields by the compression of the spring 1, and
as the dies us and slide ³move back again after the point of the nail is clipped, the
guide g pushes the point of the nail out from between the dies u³ and completely
clears it from them, and as the slide ³ continues its back movement the forked end
of g is moved clear of all contact with the nail ready for another elongated blank
to be presented in front of the punch die b⭑.
To one of the upward projection is attached one half 63 of a pair of bending
dies, while the other half of these dies c is secured on the saddle m*.
These give
the elongated blanks a curve backwards, as shown at ein Figure 6, for if they
were curved forward they would be in danger of becoming entangled with the
lower end of the punch die b*. These dies b and c are situated so that an elongated
blank while passing towards the punch-die will be bent by them at each pause
in the motion of the wheel m¹ and at each motion of the slide k³.
f' are a pair of ordinary bevelling dies which I prefer to place between the dies just
above named and the clipping dies, one part of which is secured in the projection n*
of the saddle m*, and the other part is secured in the projection 3 of the slide k³.
g is a guard which forms an incline to wedge off the edge of the nail and prevent.
the nail blank from being caught on the side of the die. n³ is a stud, and i³ is a
set screw for rigidly supporting the die f in the saddle. These dies f' are so
situated that they act on a nail blank at the same time in the notches o¹ of the
ring m¹ in the same way as described for the benders 65 and c³.
After the nail has passed the chipping dies it is presented and held stationary by
the wheel m¹ in front of a pair of dies and . These dies have their perpen-
dicular faces configurated to the desired sweep or set that is desired to be given to
the completely finished nail.
They are each secured separately in the saddle m* and upward projection t³ of the
side by side set screws m³ and by end supporting set screws n³.
These dies press the nail by the ring m¹ bringing them after they have been
clipped in front of the die . o' is a guard similar to the guard go to prevent the
nails from catching upon the side of die 13. The pressing of the nail between the
dies and finishes it, and this pressing is accomplished by the forward motion
of the slide ³.
From the above description it will therefore be seen that four distinct operations
upon the nail blank or nails are performed at each forward movement of the
slide k³.
1st, a blank is slightly curved; 2nd, a blank is bevelled; 3rd, a blank is chipped
and formed into a nail; and 4th, a nail is pressed and given its required set or
curve.
As the wheel travels on conveying the now perfected nail around the circle of
its travel it comes in contact with an inclined surface a, shown in Figure 4, placed
immediately below the wheel m¹, and arranged so that it wedges the nail in its
path of travel out of the notches o', and allows it to fall by gravity into the mouth
of a spout be led up through the bed a'; the said spout may pass directly down or
may be led off in an inclined form in any direction required.
Under the chipping dies is a similar spout ce to receive the chippings falling
down from the dies.
te are three springs secured on p', having their ends arranged to press on the
heads of the blanks or nails in the notches o¹ of the ring m' as they come in front of
the dies f, 6, and 18, and prevent the said blanks or nails from rising out of their
proper places, and thus becoming unequal in height and configuration.
In Fig. 3 is shewn a pan or tray a; this is simply for the convenience of placing
the blanks in it for feeding them by hand to the notches O'. This pan is carried
in any desired manner above the entablature a.
In Fig. 16 a modification of the ring m³ is shown, is which the notches o¹ are

page_text: placed on the inside of the ring and the ratchet teeth n¹ on the outside of the ring,
the pawl 8 will therefore be situated to conform to this construction; or the
ratchet teeth m¹ may be on the top of the ring, as hereinbefore described and
shewn in Figs. 7 and 8.
The guard p¹ is in this case situated within the ring m¹. When the notches
o' are arranged within the ring m' it follows as a necessity that the elongating
roll must be situated within the ring, that is to say, toward the centre of said
ring; and this is shewn in Figs. 17 and 18, where the rest k³ with dies p' and
die q are situated on the outer side of the ring m³, as shewn, which dies may
be situated on a arm of a rock-shaft similar to the rock-shaft p³, and operated by
a cam similarly arranged, as hereinbefore described.
The rolling device in this case may be either that shewn in Figs. 1, 4, and 5, or
the eccentric-rod i may have the working-roll c³ secured in it and a friction-roll a',
secured in a hinged plate 8 pivoted to it at 67, the said roll a bearing upon a
die c set in a portion of the entablature a.
To the upward extremity is attached by a ball and socket or in any other desired
manner a rod d; this rod is connected with any suitable spring to keep the roller a
pressed upon the die c².
Having thus described the Invention, what I wish to secure by Letters Patent is
as follows:
1st. The combination of a carrying-ring provided with notches o¹ to receive and
suspend nail-blanks with a rolling device, consisting principally of a slide provided
with rollers and a moveable rest supplied with dies upon which said blanks are
rolled or elongated, substantially as described.
2d. The combination of a carrying-ring provided with notches o¹ to receive
and suspend nail-blanks with a pair of bending or setting dies 65 and co, constructed
and operated substantially as described.
3rd. The combination of a carrying-ring provided with notches o¹ to receive
and suspend nail-blanks with bevelling dies f³, constructed, arranged, and operating
substantially as described.
4th. The combination of a carrying-ring provided with notches o' to receive and
suspend nail-blanks with a punch-die and clipping dies, substantially as and for
the purposes set forth.
5th. The combination of a carrying-ring provided with notches o¹ to receive
and suspend nail-blanks with pressing or settling dies and 18, constructed and
arranged substantially as described.
6th. The combination of a carrying-ring provided with notches o¹ to receive
and suspend nail-blanks with a slide ³, operated substantially as described, and
provided with dies b, f, u³, and k³, and a stationary saddle m* provided with
dies c, f, b, and 65, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
7th. The combination of a carrying-ring provided with notches o¹ to receive
and suspend nail-blanks, in combination with an inclined surface a by which the
nails are removed from the notches of said ring, substantially as described.
8th. The combination of a carrying-ring provided with notches o¹ to receive and
suspend nail-blanks with a pawl s³, constructed, arranged, and operated substantially
as described.
9th. The construction in three parts of the dies upon which the nail-blank is
rolled, of two side dies p², and one central die q, as shewn and described.
10th. The construction of clipping dies u³ in two parts, and having an adjustable
wedge between them, as and for the purposes set forth.
11th. The combination of the clipping dies us, forked-guide g, and punch-die b*,
constructed, arranged, and operating substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
12th. The combination of the clipping dies u³, forked-guide g, actuated by
spring and punch-die b*, provided with guard 1, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
13th. The construction of the saddle m', provided with gripping or holding

page_text: dies p' and punch-die 6 with the clipping-dies u³, the whole constructed, arranged,
and operating substantially in the manner set forth.
14th. The combination in a nail-rolling, pointing, and finishing machine of a
pair of pressing and setting dies, so situated that they press and set the nail to the
required set after the said nail has been clipped, substantially as shewn and
described, for the dies and 75.
15th. The combination of the cam h³ with the slide ³ provided with dies, as
described and shewn, with the slide 83 provided with rolls, as described and shewn,
the whole substantially as set forth.
16th. The construction of the nail carrying-ring provided with ratchet-teeth n¹
and nail-carrying notches o', substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert John Haddan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourth day of May, A.D. 1881.