IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOLS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR FORMING OR MAKING GROOVES IN THE NECKS OF BOTTLES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Wilson Macvay, of the Firm of Sykes, Macvay,
and Company, of Castleford, in the County of York, for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOLS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR FORMING OR MAKING
GROOVES IN THE NECKS OF BOTTLES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Wilson Macvay at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th April 1880.
WILLIAM WILSON MACVAY, of the Firm of Sykes, Macvay, and Company, of
Castleford, in the County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOLS OR APPARATUS
EMPLOYED FOR FORMING OR MAKING GROOVES IN THE NECKS OF BOTTLES."
The object of my Invention is to provide tools or apparatus for forming or
making, preferably vertical, grooves in the necks of bottles, either separately or
simultaneously with horizontal or annular grooves.
According to my improvements I use the tongs employed either in forming the
necks of ordinary bottles, or those used in forming the annular grooves in the necks,
similar to those for which Letters Patent were granted to William Brooke, dated 16th
September 1871, No. 2447, and to Hiram Codd and Frederick Foster, dated 29th
December 1873, No. 4208, and apply to that part of the tongs known as the plug
or core a ring baving any required number of projections on its periphery; these
depend upon the number of the vertical grooves required.
The ring is passed into the bottle along with the plug or core, and the pressure
required for forming the bottle forces the projections on the ring into the neck, and
thus forms the vertical grooves. By the ring being loose on the plug or core it
remains stationary with its projections in the grooves whilst the tongs are worked
round to form the other parts of the necks.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Wilson Macvay in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
28th October 1880.
WILLIAM WILSON MACVAY, of the Firm of Sykes, Macvay, and Company, of
Castleford, in the County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOLS OR APPARATUS
EMPLOYED FOR FORMING OR MAKING GROOVES IN THE NECKS OF BOTTLES."
The object of this my Invention is to provide tools or apparatus for making or
forining descending grooves in the neck of bottles simultaneously with one or more
horizontal annular grooves, or for forming descending grooves simultaneously with
a circular shoulder or enlargement below such descending grooves. The latter may
be vertical or nearly so.
Heretofore various tools have been constructed and patented for forming one or
more annular grooves only in the neck of a bottle. I may thus name Westwood's
Patent, No. 434, of 1860, according to which a tool was constructed having an
expanding central core or plug consisting of two lever parts having each their
fulcrum on a cross bar sliding through the sides of the tongs, which on being
compressed forced the two parts of the core apart. In the Specification of William
Brookes's Patent, No. 2447 of 1871, and in that of Hiram Codd, Patent, No. 2212,
of 1871, the same object is attained by means of dogs or dies, which when the tongs
are compressed are forced out to opposite sides crossing each other; in the former
case the dogs are fitted to a central core or plug.
The Specification of Hiram Codd and Frederick Foster's Patent, No. 4268, of 1873,
again describes a tool in which the object is attained by the use of dogs or dies
which are protruded from a plug or core by means of a sliding head on the central
stem actuated from the sides of the tongs; the tongs however do not cross each
other as in the case of the two examples just before named.
The tools constructed according to the first part of my Invention are in some
respects constructed on the same plan as Westwoods Patent aforesaid, and Codd and
Foster's Patent, No., 4268, of 1873, inasmuch as the dogs or equivalent parts while not
crossing each other are protruded outward to each side, and are formed at one end
of levers the outer ends of which aro forced apart when their opposite or tail ends,
which are connected to the sides of the tongs, are brought together. To the said
outer or dog carrying, or mandril, or core part, I apply a ring having any required
number of projections on its periphery; the number of these projections depend
upon the number of the descending or vertical grooves required.
The ring is passed into the bottle along with the plug or core on which it is
placed, and the pressure applied on the sides of the tongs and required for forming
the bottlo outside forces the plastic glass against the ring, the projections of which
leave their impress in the glass of the neck into which the vertical grooves are
thus formed. By the ring being perfectly loose on the plug or core it remains with
its projections embedded in the vertical grooves formed in the top of the bottle neck,
whilst the "punty" and bottle are worked round to form the other part of the
neck, videlicet, the exterior of the neck and the annular groove or grooves, or the
circular shoulder below the vertical grooves.
And in order that this my Invention may be more fully understood, I will
proceed to describe the same with reference to the accompanying Drawings.
Figure 1 is a vertical section through a bottle neck, such as may be formed by
the tools hereinafter to be described, and Figure 2 is a plan thereof; the outside of
the neck and the descending grooves a, and the horizontal annular groove (for
containing an elastic washer), are all formed simultaneously; Figure 3 is a vertical
section, and Figure 4 a plan of another form of neck in which the descending
grooves a and the shoulder bare formed simultaneously with the outside.

page_text: Figure 5 is a part sectional elevation of a tool constructed according to this
Invention; A, A, are the two sides of the tongs of the usual spring construction,
and B the central rod; on this latter I form or affix by screwing or otherwise a
bracket or carrier E for the purpose of connecting thereto the two levers C, which
turn on fulcra e, and at their outer ends are tapered off and formed with dogs c,
constituting, so to say, the central plug or core for forming or making the interior
of the bottle neck, the dogs c making or forming the annular groove (or it may be
a shoulder.) Below the dogs c the levers C or mandril are reduced in size, and are
there fitted with a loose ring D having projections d, and by preference of a taper
form, as shown, and with perfect freedom sideways. It will be observed that the
taper form enables it the better to leave the bottle neck when the latter has been
formed; the projections or feathers d form the descending grooves a, shown in
Figures 1 to 4. If the "punty" with the bottle on is turned slightly while the
tongs are being closed, these descending grooves will assume a slanting or helical
form, as may in some cases be required. The opposite ends of the levers C bear
against the inner sides A of the spring tongs, which latter have studs F, which
serve to bring the levers C back to the position shown in the Drawing.
G is a flange or swiller on the top of the bracket E, and against which the
moulding clips or jaws A¹, A¹, have a shear like action to even the top of the bottle
neck.
To use the tool insert the outer mandril end of the levers C in the bottle neck
while the latter is in a plastic state, and with the tong sides A, A, expanded or open,
as shown in the Drawing, then close the tongs and turn the "punty" with the
bottle on round, the outside of the neck will then be formed as usual, and of the
profile of the jaws or moulding clips A', A'. The projections & will be embedded in
the plastic glass forming the descending grooves a, and the dogs c will form the
annular groove b (or shoulder), the loose ring D with projections d remaining in
their places in the bottle neck, and turning therewith independently of the
mandril C and the rest of the tool. When the bottle neck has thus been formed
the tool is withdrawn.
The levers C might in the tool just described be
same fulcrum pin e, the action remaining the same.
instead of being placed between the sides A and the
slots, as shown in dotted lines.
mounted both on one and the
The tail ends of the levers C,
studs F, may be formed with
In Figure 6 I have shown a tool in which both these modifications are carried
out at the same time, the levers C being mounted on the same fulcrum, and their
tail ends being formed with slots for the stud F to work in. The other parts of the
tool are similar to that shown in Figure 5, with exception of the loose ring & which
is formed with a flange, below which the ring is retained while possessing freedom
to revolve, and to move sideways to some extent.
Figure 7 shows a tool similar to the one just described, but with a different
formation of the tail ends of the levers C, which are carried up higher with their
slots working on the studs F.
In Figure 8 I have shown a tool in which the outer ends of the levers C with
the dogs c are fitted in a core or plug E, E'. Figure 8 is a detached view of the
bracket E with its upper continuntion, which forms one half of the mandril or plug
containing the dogs c; Figure 8B is a detached side view of the part E¹ forming
the other half of the mandril, the two parts being united by the two screws E³, and
also by the fulcrum pine for the two dog levers C; Figure 80 is a separate front
view of the bracket E, and Figure 8° a plan view of the two parts E, E, when
together. Tho loose ring D fits on a neck or set off on the mandril.
Figure 9 is a front elevation; Figure 10 a part sectional side elevation, and
Figure 11 a plan section of a tool constructed according to the second part of my
Invention, that is, in which the dogs cross each other in a manner similar to
Brookes and Codd's aforesaid Patents of 1871. The dogs care in this case however
on sliding parts C which pass each other, and are guided in the bracket E which is
fixed on the stem or central rod B; the lateral extensions or sliding parts C are

page_text: turned up at their outer ends to form stops, and the screws el forn adjustable stops
to limit the stroke; D is the loose ring as before.
And having thus described and ascertained the nature of this Invention, and the
manner it is or may be carried into effect, I declare that I do not lay general claim
to the use of a loose ring or collar on the, body of the central mandril, such ring
having projections extending outwards beyond the ring, for the purpose of forming
therewith any required number of descending grooves, inasmuch as such a loose
ring is shown and described in the Specification of Brooke, King, and Nunn's
expired Patent, No. 391, of 1877, neither do I lay general claim to the use of a mandril
in two parts formed or fitted with dogs, but I claim,—
Firstly. The combined apparatus herein shown and described, in which a loose
ring with outside projections for forming descending grooves is placed round
central lever like parts, such as C, carrying the dogs for forming an annular groove
or a shoulder, such central parts C being pivoted on a bracket E or part of the
stem, and having their other or tail ends operated by the sides A of the tongs.
Secondly. The combined apparatus herein shown and described, in which a loose
ring with outside projections for forming descending grooves is placed round central
parts, such as C, Figure 9, having the dogs c for forming an annular groove or
shoulder, such central parts being guided on a bracket E or part of the stem, and
being operated by the sides A of the tongs.
Thirdly. The special form of loose ring D here described and shown, that is
forined conical and of such interior diameter as to have ample play sideways for
the purpose of freely leaving the bottle neck.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Wilson Macvay, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty fifth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty.