Improvements in Means or Apparatus for Rolling Metals and Putting Up Rolled Bars of Small Section into Coils.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 8th July, 1890-Accepted, 6th Sept., 1890
Improvements in Means or Apparatus for Rolling Metals and Putting
Up Rolled Bars of Small Section into Coils.
I AUGUSTE ALIX DEFERT of Marnaval in the Republic of France Chief of the
Technical Department of the Marnaval Iron Works do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The improvements forming the object of the present invention relate to the drawing
out by means of rolls of metal in general but are more particularly concerned with
the arrangement of the apparatus employed in the said drawing and the putting up
into coils of rolled rods or bars of small section.
The drawing out proper is commenced with ordinary reducing rolls and is com-
pleted in one operation or "pass" by a rolling mill or machine of continuous action
hereinafter described which deals with metal either in a hot or cold condition according
to the nature of the work. After the drawing out the metal may if required be
subjected to the action of finishing rolls which reduce it to the required size in section
and is finally put into coils automatically by the aid of a winder driven by the motor.
By these means the entire operation inclusive of the drawing out and coiling is
enabled to be performed in a continuous and consequently economical manner. The
peculiar and novel arrangements of the continuous rolling mill and of the winder are
represented in the accompanying drawings as hereinafter described.
Figure Sheet I. of these drawings is a general view of the continuous acting mill
or rolling machine in front elevation.
Figure 2 represents the machine partly in vertical section and
Figure 3 is a corresponding plan in which the rolls and other moveable parts are
omitted.
Figure illustrates a front elevation of the frame or support detached.
Figure 5 represents in plan a part or detail of the machine showing the arrangement
of the rolls.
Figure 6, Sheet II represents a portion of the machine in a section taken on the
line 1-2 Figure 1.
Figure 7 illustrates in detail the brasses or bearings of the shafts working
the rolls.
Figure 8 represents wedges employed for tightening up the bearings.
Figure 9 illustrates the graduations of the openings formed by the grooves or
channels in the rolls.
Figure 10 represents the front side of the annular plate or ring carrying
the rolls.
Figure 11 is a view of the back of the said ring.
Figure 12 shows a section taken through the ring on the line 3-4 Figure 10.
Figure 13 represents in elevation, plan and profile or side elevation .the guides
employed in connection with the radial rolls and the horizontal rolls.
Figure 14 Sheet III represents the winder in longitudinal elevation, and
Figure 15 shows the winder in side elevation.
The main part of the continuous rolling mill or machine which performs the drawing
out properly so called is an annular plate hereinafter referred to as the ring-A
(Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 10 and 11) which carries a series of pairs of rolls a the axes of
which are alternately directed in lines radiating from the centre of the said ring or in
its generating lines that is to say in lines parallel to its axis. These rolls a are
formed with grooves or channels whose dimensions in section diminish gradually from
the point E Figure 1, where the bars to be rolled enter the machine to the point S
where the bars or rods leave the rolls. The centres of the openings formed by the.

page_text: grooves or channels between the pairs of coupled rolls are all in the same circle and
all the rolls are of the same diameter.
A circular or rotary movement is transmitted to each pair of rolls by toothed wheels
and pinions. All the driving wheels are fixed on the same shaft B placed at right
angles to the plane of the ring and passing through its centre. The corresponding
pinions are placed on extensions of the axes of the rolls. The rolls on the horizontal
axes are driven by spur wheels and pinions and the rolls on the radial axes by beve!
wheels and pinions.
The arrangement of the toothed spur gear which imparts continuous rotary motion
to the horizontal rolls is illustrated in Figures 2 and 4.
The pinions of the two first pairs of horizontal rolls are driven by the same spur
wheel placed on the shaft B by the aid of an intermediate toothed wheel. This is done
in order to obviate the necessity for employing pinions of inconveniently large
diameter. The two first pairs of cylinders on the radial axes as well as the third and
fourth pairs form in like manner and for the same reason two groups each driven by
one central toothed wheel transmitting motion through intermediate wheels or gearing
as indicated in Figure 1. The cylinders of each pair are connected together by gear
wheels of equal diameters. The axes of the cylinders are supported in bearings or
brasses made in two parts subdivided transversely as represented in Figures 2 and 7.
Wedge pieces or blocks with inclines acting on the bearings (Figures 2 and 8) and
adjustable by means of screwed shanks enable the rolls to be adjusted independently
in the direction of the axes. The distances between the centres of the rolls are
capable of adjustment by means of set screws and shocks p Figure 2 placed between
the brasses. U shaped pieces or bails e Figures 1 and 2 embracing extensions of the
axes of each pair of rolls take a portion of the strain produced by the rolling action
and prevent any displacement of the axes of the rolls relatively to one another.
The work is guided in its passage from one pair of rolls to the next by means of
-guides 9 Figures 1 and 13. These guides are attached to holders or supports made in
two parts one of which is acted on by a spring or springs (Figure 13) so as to be
capable of yielding and allowing the guides to separate in case an accident occurs iu
rolling the bars.
The main or central shaft B being supported at one extremity by the ring A is
supported at the other extremity by a plummer block P and passes through a frame
or plate F (Figures 2, and 4) which supports the extremities of the axes of the
horizontal rolls. The ring A, support F and plummer block P are fixed upon a bed
plate firmly secured upon a suitable foundation. The support F and the ring. A are
connected by transverse tie bars.
The rolls a in the form of discs are fixed on their shafts or axes by means of conical
rings or collars a' Figure 2 supported by rings or bushes a³ which are acted on by
nuts c screwed on to the extremities of the shafts of the rolls. The bushes a' rotate
in the bands of the bails e which act as bearings (Figures 1, 2 and 5)..
The machine is so arranged that the grooves of the rolls when worn can be renewed
by turning in a lathe and the rolls can then be replaced in the machine being shifted
back so as to operate on the work in the preceding passes when rolls with larger
grooves are required. The cost of renewing the rolls which is so considerable in the
machines heretofore employed is thus greatly reduced.
This peculiar arrangement of the rolls a is productive of the following advantages
viz. —
1. The centres of all the spaces or openings between the rolls are enabled to be
arranged in the same circle.
2. The pairs of rolls are enabled to be placed very near together.
3. Each pair of rolls is enabled to be driven at the proper speed by means of a single
shaft placed at the centre of the machine.
4. The weight generally of the parts employed in existing rolling machines and of
the rolls in particular is enabled to be reduced to a minimum. The sleeves or collars
and journal extensions ordinarily employed are dispensed with thus effecting an
important economy in the construction and maintenance of the machine.

page_text: 5. The number of workmen required is considerably less than with ordinary
machines and motive power is economised at the same time. The results of the latter
advantage are as follows:-
(a) The weights and dimensions of the working parts are considerably diminished:
the diameters of the journals and rolls in particular being reduced.
(b) Speeds diminishing progressively from the delivery end to the receiving end
are given to the rolls.
In rolling small round bars or rods the guiding of the work from one pair of rolls
to the next and the accurate adjustment of the cylinders being delicate matters in the
case of the two last passes (oval and round) the employment of the continuous rolling
machine may be restricted to the production of a square form corresponding to the
round form to be obtained. Under these conditions the rolls for the two final passes
are separated from the others and arranged at the side of the continuous rolling
machine in the ordinary manner.
Heated bars (baving a sectional area of from about 4 to 8 square inches or about
25 to 50 square centimetres) are drawn down in the first place in a reducing rolling
machine (with rolls of from about 14 to 16 inches or about 35 to 40 centimetres
diameter) until their sectional area is reduced to about 2 square inches or 15 square
centimetres. These bars are subsequently passed through other reducing rolls of
from say about 9 or 10 inches (22 to 25 centimetres) diameter arranged like the rolls
previously employed in the ordinary manner and are reduced to suitable dimensions
to enable them to be treated in the continuous rolling machine. The bars or rods as
they are delivered from the latter are taken by the workman and passed between two
pairs of finishing rolls (oval and round channels) which deliver them in the finished
condition.
Putting up in coils.
The drawn or rolled bar rod or wire on being delivered from the finishing rollers is
wound whilst still hot on a circular winder.
This power driven winder illustrated in Figs. 14 and 15 is constructed with a
shaft D carrying a drum or bobbin W on one extremity and having a square on the
other extremity which carries a sleeve M capable of sliding longitudinally upon the
shaft and carrying a friction roller G. This roller is driven by a friction disc P when
the latter is pressed against it. The disc P is carried by a vertical shaft N capable of
sliding longitudinally in the boss O of a bevel wheel H at the same time partaking of
the rotary motion imparted to the said wheel by a bevel wheel H¹ and a pulley Q.
The lower extremity of the shaft N is supported upon an india rubber or flexible
diaphragm closing a vessel or chainber K to which water under pressure is admitted
from a cistern with continuous supply arranged at an elevation of a few yards. The
shaft N is raised or lowered according as water is admitted to or allowed to escape-
from the said chamber and the disc P is in like manner put in or out of gear with the
friction pulley driving the sleeve M and the drum or bobbin W. The water is
discharged from the chamber through an outlet s controlled by a valve S which is
closed when water is admitted to the chamber through the inlet orifice o. To let out
the water pressure is applied on a treadle lever L which thereupon elevates the valve S
(Fig. 15) so as to close the inlet orifice and open the outlet through which the water
escapes from the chamber and allows the disc P to descend. In the act of descending
the disc P actuates levers R and T connected to a brake strap J acting on a pulley
fixed on the winder shaft D. This arrangement enables the motion of the winder to
be quickly arrested.
As the speed of the bobbin or winder requires to change considerably the sleeve M
is provided with circular rack teeth gearing with a pinion m Fig. 14. On the axis of
this pinion is keyed a crank or lever arm U at the outer extremity of which a weight
is suspended which constantly tends to shift the roller G towards the centre of the
disc P. A chain attached at one end to the extremity of this arm U and carried over
suitable guide pulleys is provided at the other end with a handle Z and enables the
speed of rotation of the winder to be regulated by moving the friction pulley G nearer
to or further from the centre of the disc P. I do not limit myself to any particular

page_text: shape or dimension of the several constituent parts of the apparatus which may more-
over be composed of any suitable materials. My process and apparatus may be
employed for drawing out any kind of metal either cold or hot in any suitable form
in section.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improved means or apparatus for rolling metals and putting up rods or bars
of small section into coils substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. For drawing out or rolling metals a continuous rolling machine comprising the
following distinguishing arrangements namely,
(a) The alternately horizontal and radial rolls a acting in a circle and presenting
grooves or channels decreasing in area from the receiving to the delivery end
of the machine.
(b) The arrangement of the centres of all the apertures formed by the said
grooves or channels in the same circle or circumferential line.
(c) The special mode of driving each pair of rolls so as to impart different
circumferential speeds to each pair.
(d) The mode of guiding the metal by means of spring guides between the
pairs of rolls.
(e) The mode of supporting or adjusting the rolls.
The whole being constructed arranged and operating in the manner and for the
purpose substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figs. 1 to 13 of the
accompanying drawings.
3. For putting up rolled rods or bars of small section in coils a power driven winder
comprising the following distinguishing arrangements namely:-
(a) Frictional driving gear comprising a roller G and a disc P the said disc
being raised or lowered by hydraulic pressure applied in a chamber K by
means of a valve S worked by a treadle or foot lever L.
(b) An instantaneous stop motion obtained by means of a brake J actuated
directly by the plate P when the latter is lowered.
(c) Mechanism or transmission of movement enabling the roller G to be displaced
relatively to the centre of the disc P in order to modify the speed of the
bobbin and thus regulate the rate of coiling or winding the drawn out or
rolled metal.
All constructed arranged and operating in the manner and for the purpose substan-
tially as herein before described with reference to Figs. 14 and.15 of the accompanying
drawings.
4. For drawing out or rolling metals and putting up in coils rolled rods or bars of
small section the combination of two reducing rolls the continuous rolling machine
referred to in the second claiming clause two finishing rolls and the power driven
winder forming the object of the 3rd claiming clause all operating in the manner and
for the purpose substantially as herein before set forth.
1
كيم
1
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.