Improvements in and relating to Dovetailing and Stamping or Pressing Machines for Horse Shoes and like purposes.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 28th July, 1891
Complete Specification Left, 28th Apr., 1892-Accepted, 18th June, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Dovetailing and Stamping or
Pressing Machines for Horse Shoes and like purposes.
I, WILLIAM DIXON PYBOURNE, of Upper Town, Wolsingham, in the County
of Durham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has reference to and comprises improvements in the construction
or arrangement and combination of the parts of machines and die tools for forming
dovetail recesses or grooves in the toes and heels of horse shoes, or the like to
receive portable or removable calks or bearing pieces; and in die tools for stamping
or constructing these calks of various shapes, and in forming the toe pieces with
fluted or grooved wearing surfaces, all in a new or improved manner_being
developments of or improvements upon the invention for which Letters Patent
were granted to R. W. Brydon and T. Pybourne No. 15,228 Octr. 23 1888.
The improvements. consist, first, in constructing these machines so that the dies
in forming the dovetail recesses in the borse shoe blanks or metal to be recessed,
and in forming the portable or removable calks or pieces to fit these recesses, shall
receive a longitudinal or horizontal motion as well as a stamping or vertical motion
or traverse.
The mechanism for forming the dovetail recesses would under one arrangement
consist of a bed plate or frame under the reciprocating presser having inclined
vertical guides between and over which are placed two sliding blocks or organs
working in these guides so as to reciprocate upwards and outwards laterally from
each other in the guides as they are pressed down by the presser or bolster.
These blocks would be formed with projecting flanges or pieces on the outer part of
their sides and thus form a recessed inner central part on each side which would be
held by and slide between the two vertical dovetail or angle sided checks mounted
on the horizontal sole frame. While the front face of the projecting flanges of
these sliding blocks would slide on the ends of the fixed dovetail or angled vertical
cheeks. These blocks would have helical or spiral springs and stop pins mounted
behind them on a longitudinal shaft to permit a longitudinal sliding motion of these
on the shaft. The top of each block would be formed with a flat surface and have
mounted on it a tempered steel die with an inward angled or inclined outer end
parallel at the sides and depth and a straight inner end to abut against each other
at their upper starting position, and so as to fit and enter the parallel grooves
previously cut in the shoe. The top moving die would preferably be made of steel
and secured by a dovetail and groove in the lower end of the plunger or
reciprocating block of a hydraulic or other powerful press, steam hammer, or other
motor, and this die would be formed with a recessed part in its centre to overlap
and steady the metal blank or horse shoe over the lower dovetail die on the top of
the moving blocks, and this upper die would also be formed with projecting sides to
bear on the outer side edges of, and press down the blocks carrying the lower die
and metal blank. The pressing down of the blocks by the upper die and press
would make them slide diagonally down on the end surfaces of the angled cheeks
and also outwards on their bevelled surfaces on the shaft so that the two parts of
the lower die would get a simultaneous and combined downward movement and a
separating outward longitudinal movement against the power of the springs on the
shaft and thus form the dovetailed or under-cut ends in each recess of the metal
blank or horse shoe above it as it was placed in position; and the recoil of the
springs would automatically bring the blocks back to their upper and inward
position, so that the shoe or blank may be removed from the dovetail dies as the

page_text: presser was raised. Various forms of the upper pressing die, and of the lower
dovetailing die may be used to suit different sized shoes and other arrangements of
springs might be used to press back the reciprocating blocks carrying the dovetail
dies. The said parallel grooves or recesses in the horse shoes or bars for making
these might be punched and indented at the same time and in a similar manner to
the forming of the grooves for the nail heads, with the lateral recesses in the centre
for removing the calks when requiring to be removed.
Another improvement consists in the construction of an under tempered steel or
metal die for forming the lower projecting feather piece of the toe calk which
enters the dovetail recess formed as described in the horse shoe, and indicated by
the letters ², 61, in the calk shown in Figure 10 of the Specification of said former
Patent, that is, with a parallel recess in the centre the thickness and depth of the
said feather, with a separate removable parallel die piece fitted up in this recess to
form the depth of the parallel part of the feather 62, having a central projection on
top to form the central recessed part 6". This main lower die is made angled on
both sides of the recessed part, and with angled ends to form the under bearing
face of the calk, and the ends, all in their angled position; and this die has
fitted over it an upper counter or saddle pressing down die, fitting the said lower
die in its lowest position, and with a dovetail above for fixing it into the pressing
down plunger or block of the hydraulic or other press. These upper dies are made
in various forms, the one with a plain angled groove in the centre over the feather
groove below, to form the two flat side bearing parts b', and with a transverse pro-
jection in the centre of this groove, preferably of a rounded segmental shape to
form a hollow fluted recess in the centre between these bearing parts equivalent
to 6, in Figure 10 of the Specification of said former Patent that is for forming
plain flat bearing calks, all in their angled shape out of an approximately shaped
piece of steel, placed between the dies in a hot state, and formed by the downward
pressure of the upper die ready for being afterwards inserted and straightened into
the dovetail grooves of the shoe either in a cold or hot state, with the hammer.
A further improvement consists in constructing an upper die equivalent to that
described for forming the plain toe calks, but with grooves for the insertion of steel
dies in its lower angular sides, and having central V shaped recesses to form sharp
gripping projecting calks b', as seen in Figure 11 on each side of the central cross
bar which forms the central recess 611 for being inserted in the dovetail recesses of
the horse shoes in frosty weather.
A further improvement consists in forming a fluted or ridged toe calk, analogous
to the flat calk, but with sharp edges at its sides and a groove in the centre, which
is formed by fitting into the upper die a projecting ridged part dovetailed in grooves
to retain it in position in the angled sides of the upper die, extending down to the
cross bar which forms the centre groove 6 and which when compressed down over
the under die forms a groove in the flat bearing part leaving the sharp projecting
edges at the sides, which gives a better gripping action to the shoe on the ground
than the first calk described in reference to Figure 10 of the Specification of said
former Patent.
A further improvement consists in an arrangement of mechanism for forming the
single heel calk b, shown in Figures 8 and 9 of the Specification of said former
Patent, and consists of a lower bed frame with lateral reciprocating die block fitted
in slide guides in the bed plate under the vertical reciprocating presser fitted in
guides in the upper frame. The lower block is fitted with a steel die recess to
contain and form the projecting bearing part of the calk b, whether of the flat
form shown in Figure 8 or of the sharp form shown in Figure 9, and with a parallel
groove at right angles to the bearing part b shaped to receive the feather part b² as
the die on the under end of the upper block comes down, and made sharp at the
outer end to cut off all superfluous length of this feather part 2. The upper block
has a short angled groove and projection in its lower face to form the angled or
dovetailed end at 63, over the bearing block part by a beveled end surface on the
lower side of the vertical reciprocating pressing block, acting on a corresponding

page_text: beveled face on the under die block, so as to draw this block laterally against the
power of a helical or other end spring fitted in the frame behind this block, and
thus press and bevel the end of the feather 63 by the downward pressure of the
upper die and block, on to the previously approximately shaped piece of steel
inserted in a heated state between the dies the spring pressing out the under die
block as the top pressing block rises, so that the calks so shaped or formed can be
removed by a pair of nippers from the under die. In this way the feather part b³
may be either first formed straight and then bent up into the V or saddle shape, or
it might be formed into this shape at once by making the upper die to form the
opposite beveled end in the act of pressing it as just described. Various shapes and
sizes of these dies may be formed to suit different shapes and sizes of single heel
calks.
Dated the 27th Tul 1901
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Dovetailing and Stamping or
Pressing Machines for Horse Shoes and like purposes.
I, WILLIAM DIXON PYBOURNE, of Upper Town, Wolsingham, in the County
of Durham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement in writing, reference being had to the
accompanying drawings, that is to say :-
This invention has reference to and comprises improvements in the construction
or arrangement and combination of the parts of machines and die tools for forming
dovetail recesses or grooves in the toes and heels of horse shoes, or the like, to
receive portable or removable calks or bearing pieces; and in die tools for stamping
or constructing these calks of various shapes, and in forming the toe pieces with
fluted or grooved wearing surfaces, all in a new or improved manner, being develop-
ments of or improvements upon the invention for which Letters Patent were
granted to R. W. Brydon and T. Pybourne No. 15,228 Oct. 23 1888.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing or carrying
the same into effect or practice may be properly understood, I have hereunto
appended an explanatory sheet of drawings, in which the same reference letters
are used to indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where shown.
Figures 1 and 2 are side and end elevations respectively and Figure 3 a plan
view partly broken away corresponding to Figure 1, of a machine or combination
of mechanism for forming the end dovetail recesses a² a² of the sunk grooves a a¹
in the heel parts A and toe parts A' respectively of horse shoes.
Figure 4 shows a sectional elevation and inverted plan view of the top die D for
dovetailing the heel holes a, a², a¹, a², in the horse shoes. And
Figure 5 represents similar views of the top die E for dovetailing the toe
holes in the horse shoes.
Figure 6 shows a sectional elevation of the upper and lower dies I and H for, and
as in the act of, compressing and forming a single heel calk b ready for being
inserted in the rece ses a a² of the heel parts A. of the shoe.
Figure 7 is an inverted lower face view of the upper die I, shown in Figure 6, and
Figure 8 a plan view of the lower die H shown in said figure. While
Figures 9, 10 and 11 are views corresponding to Figures 6, 7, and 8 of the upper
and lower dies G, F, for compressing and forming the double toe calks b¹.
Figures 12 and 13 are side elevations and plans respectively of one of the heel
and toe calks b and 6' as formed in said dies, ready for being inserted into their
respective recesses a, a', in the shoes. And

page_text: Figure 14 is a tread face view and edge view respectively of a horse shoe A A¹,
as ready for the insertion of the calks 'shown as dotted-in in these views.
Referring to Figures 1 to 3.-The mechanism for forming the dovetail
recesses a, a², and a¹, a², would under this arrangement consist of a bed plate or
frame B secured by a dovetail and key in any ordinary metal block Z shown in
Figures 1 and 2 under the vertical reciprocating top die presser D or E shown
detached in Figures 4 and 5 respectively and secured by a dovetail and key in the
moving block Z', of the press. The lower block B has inclined vertical guides B¹
between and over which are placed two vertical and horizontal sliding blocks or
organs C, C, one of which is shown in detached longitudinal section Figure 1^
working in and on these guides B', so as to reciprocate upwards and inwards and
outwards and downwards laterally from each other on the guides B' as. they are
pressed down by the presser or bolster D or E. These blocks C are formed with
projecting flanges or pieces B¹ on the outer part of their sides and thus form a
recessed inner central part on each side which is held by and slides between the two
vertical angled cheeks B' formed on the horizontal bed-plate B. While the front
face of the projecting flanges of these sliding blocks C slide on the edges of the
fixed dovetail or angled vertical cheeks B'. These blocks C have helical or spiral
springs e and jam nuts c² or stop pins mounted behind them on a longitudinal screw
spindle c passed through holes c", in the blocks C to permit a longitudinal sliding
motion of these on the spindle. The top of each block C is formed with a flat
surface and has mounted on it a tempered steel die C¹, shown to a large
scale detached in side and edge views in Figure 1B, secured by a deep stem within
the block C, and with an inward angled or inclined outer end C2 parallel at the
sides and depth and a straight inner end C" to abutt against each other at their
upper starting position as shown in Figure 1, and so as to fit and enter the parallel
grooves a or a previously cut or stamped in the shoe. The top moving die D, is
preferably made of steel and secured by a dovetail and groove in the lower end of
the plunger or reciprocating block Z of an hydraulic or other powerful press,
steam hammer, or other motor, and this die D as shown in Figure 4 is formed with
a recessed part D' in its centre to overlap and steady the metal blank or horse
shoe A A over the lower dovetail die C on the top of the moving blocks C, C,
and this upper die D is also formed with projecting sides D" to bear on the outer
side edges of, and press down the blocks C, C, carrying the lower dies C, C¹, and
horse shoe. The pressing down of the blocks C, C, by the upper die D and press
would make them slide diagonally down on the end surfaces B3, B4, of the angled
cheeks of the block B and also outwards on their bevelled surfaces on the spindle c¹,
so that the two parts C C and C C' of the lower die would get a simultaneous
and combined downward movement and a separating outward longitudinal movement
against the power of the springs c on the spindle c and thus by the bevelled ends C²
form the dovetailed or under-cut ends a² a² in each parallel recess a a¹ of the metal
blank or horse shoe above it as it was placed in position; and the recoil of the
springs would automatically bring the blocks C, C, back to their upper and
inward normal position shown in Figure 1, so that the shoe or blank may be removed
from the dovetail dies C¹, C', as the presser was raised. Vertical holes are
formed in the moving blocks C for removing the dovetail dies C¹ when required.
Various forms of the upper pressing dies D and E and of the lower dovetailing
dies C may be used to suit different sized shoes and other arrangements of springs c
might be used to press back the reciprocating blocks C, C, carrying the dovetail
dies C. The said parallel grooves or recesses a a' in the heels and toes of the
horse shoes or bars for making these, might be punched and indented at the same
time and in a similar manner to the forming of the grooves for the nail heads
and nails with the lateral recesses a in the centre for removing the calks when
requiring to be removed.
Another improvement as shown in Figures 9 and 11 consists in the construction
of an under tempered steel or metal die F for forming the lower projecting feather

page_text: piece of the toe calk which enters the dovetail recess a, a, formed as described
in the horse shoe, and indicated by the letters 12 in the calk here shown in
Figure 13 and in Figure 10 of the Specification of said former Patent, that is, with
a parallel recess F in the centre of the die F, the thickness and width of the said
feather with a separate removable parallel die piece F2 shown detached to an
enlarged scale in side and edge view Figure 9, fitted up in this recess F' with its
top made to form the depth of the parallel part of the feather 62 having a central
projection F on top to form the central recessed part of the calks. This main
lower die F is made angled on both sides of the upper recessed part F³, and with
angled ends to form the under bearing face of the calk, and the ends all in their
angled position; and this die F has fitted over it an upper counter or saddle
pressing down die G fitting the upper angled recessed part F3 of the said lower
die F in its lowest position, and with a dovetail or angled end G' for fixing it
into the pressing down plunger or block of the hydraulic or other press. These
upper dies G are made in various forms, the one with a plain angled groove G² in
the centre over the feather groove below, to form the two flat side bearing parts 6'
of the calk, and with a transverse projection G in the centre of this groove G2,
preferably of a rounded segmental shape to form the hollow fluted recess in the
centre between these bearing parts as shown in Figures 13 and 14, that is, for
forming plain flat bearing calks, all in their angled shape out of an approximately
shaped piece of steel, placed between the dies and G in a hot state, and formed
by the downward pressure of the upper die G as shown in Figure 13 ready for
being afterwards inserted and straightened into the dovetail grooves a² a² of the
shoe either in a cold or hot state, with the hammer.
to
A further improvement as shown in edge view Figure 9 consists in constructing
an upper die G with an angled groove G equivalent to that described for forming
the plain toe calks Figure 13, but with dovetail grooves for the insertion of steel
dies G³ in its lower angular sides G', and having central V shaped recesses G
form sharp gripping projecting calks b¹ as shown in end view and plan in Figure 13ª
and on each side of the central cross bar G which forms the central recess 6111
for being inserted in the dovetail recesses a, a¹ of the horse shoes in frosty
weather.
A further improvement as shown in end view and plan in Figure 13" consists in
forming a fluted or ridged toe calk, analogous to the flat calk, but with approxi-
mately sharp edges at its sides and a groove 65 in the centre, which is formed by
fitting into the upper die G³, a projecting ridged part G dovetailed in grooves to
retain it in position in the angled sides of the upper die G, extending down to the
cross bar G which forms the centre groove in the calk, and which when
compressed down over the under die F forms a groove or recess 65 in the flat
bearing part 6 leaving the sharp projecting edges 64 at the sides, which gives a
better gripping action to the shoe on the ground than the first calk 31 described in
reference to Figure 13.
A further improvement consists in an arrangement of mechanism for forming the
single heel calk, shown here in Figure 12 and in Figures 8 and 9 of the Specifica-
tion of the said former Patent, and consists of a lower bed block with die block H,
fitted in slide guides in the bed-plate Z under the vertical reciprocating presser I
which is fitted by a dovetail end I' in the plunger of the press. The lower block H
is fitted with a recess F¹ in the centre and die piece F, F, the same as in F
Figure 9 and with recess at H on top to contain and form the projecting bearing
part 6 of the calk whether of the flat form, shown in Figure 12, or of the sharp
form shown in side view in Figure 12ª, and with a parallel groove F¹ at right
angles to the bearing part 6 of the calk shaped to receive and form the feather
part 62 as the die I on the under end of the upper block comes down, and made
sharp at the outer end and edges I³ to cut off all superfluous length of this feather
part 62. The upper block I has a short angled groove and projection I" in its
lower face to form the flat or it may be angled projecting calk end 6 shown in
Figures 12 or 124, over the bearing block part b³ by a bevelled end surface on the

page_text: lower side of the vertical reciprocating pressing block I, acting on a corresponding
bevelled face H¹ on the under die block H. Various shapes and sizes of these dies
may be formed to suit different shapes and sizes of single heel calks b.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is,―
First. The method of constructing dovetailing and stamping or pressing machines
for horse shoes and like purposes, in which the dies for forming dovetail recesses to
retain portable calks, receive a longitudinal or horizontal motion as well as a
stamping or vertical motion, substantially as herein described, in reference to and
by way of application shown in the accompanying drawings.
Second. The construction or arrangement and combination of the parts of a
machine or mechanism for forming dovetail recesses in horse shoes, consisting of an
upper reciprocating pressing organ and die, and lower inclined vertical guides and
sliding blocks or organs with die receiving dovetail spaces on their upper surface,
and having helical or other springs on a longitudinal spindle substantially as and
for the purposes herein described in reference to and shown in Figures 1 to 3 of the
accompanying drawings.
Third. The constructing of an under metal die for forming the lower projecting
feather of the toe calk which enters the dovetail recess, with a vertical mortise and
removable die piece in the improved manner herein described in reference to and
shown in Figures 9 to 11 and 9c of the accompanying drawings.
Fourth. The constructing of an upper metal die with grooves in its lower angular
sides, and with a vertical mortise and removable die piece for the forming of the
bearing projecting parts of the calks, substantially as and in the improved manner
herein described in reference to and shown in Figures 9 to 11 and 94, 98, of the
accompanying drawings.
Fifth. The constructing of a fluted or ridged toe calk with sharp edges at its
sides and a groove in the centre, substantially as and in the improved manner herein
described, in reference to and shown in Figures 134 and 13 of the accompanying
drawings.
Sixth. The arrangement and combination of mechanism for forming single heel
calks, comprising a reciprocating upper die block fitted in slide guides and formed
with a steel die recess and projections for forming the bearing part of the calk, and
with recesses and vertical mortise and removable die pieces in the lower block,
substantially as and in the improved manner herein described in reference to and
shown in Figures 6 to 8 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated the 26th April 1899
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.