CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING WOOLLEN CLOTH
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Emile Adolphe Herrmann, of No. 1, New
Broad Street, London, Gentleman, for the Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING WOOLLEN CLOTH."
-A communication.
Sealed the 9th August 1853, and dated the 24th February 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Emile Adolphe
Herrmann at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 24th February 1853.
I, EMILE ADOLPHE HERMANN, of No. 1, New Broad Street, London,
Gentleman, do hereby declare that the nature of the Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING WOOLLEN
CLOTH" to be as follows:-
The Invention communicated to me relates to improvements in
giving a nap to woollen cloth, and consists more especially in causing
the cylinder on which the teazels are set to operate twice on the cloth
while performing one single revolution, and also in keeping the cloth
by another movement in a to-and-fro state, by which means the
napping is more equal.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Emile Adolphe Herrmann, in the Great Seal
Patent Office, on the 24th August 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
EMILE ADOLPHE HERRMANN, of No. 1, New Broad Street, London, Gen-
tleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of February, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in
the sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Emile Adolphe Herrmann,
Her special licence that I, the said Emile Adolphe Herrmann, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Emile Adolphe Herrmann, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, excrcise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for " CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING
WOOLLEN CLOTH," communicated to me from a foreigner residing abroad,
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Emile Adolphe
Herrmann, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Emile Adolphe Herrmann, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being. had
to the drawings hereto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say:

page_text: The Invention communicated to me consists in giving to the main
cylinder of a napping machine such a motion that this cylinder acts
twice on the cloth to be napped at each of its revolutions, and naps
the cloth by another oscillating motion in a far better manner than
hitherto.
Drawing I. represents a front view of the napping engine; Drawing
II. a side elevation; and Drawing III. a plan of the different organs.
The machine is supported by cast-iron standards M, M, united at
bottom by two wooden pieces T, T, and at top by wrought-iron stays;
the whole being firmly secured by means of screws. The machine
shown in the drawings is supposed to be about seven feet high, three
feet wide, and seven feet long. The principal organs of the machine
are the main cylinder A, composed of three cast-iron pulleys c, c, c,
with arms keyed on the iron shaft a. These pulleys are provided with
sixteen oak plates b, b, b, b, which are screwed upon the peripheries
of the blocks c, c, c. To each extremity of the cylinder A, are fixed
sixteen cast-iron sockets, in which are fixed, by means of springs, the
ends of the teazel bars. Two pinions B, B', are placed on the shaft a,
of the cylinder A. On this shaft a, is fixed the piece P, which serves
as a fulcrum to the lever D, in order to have the pinions B, B', catching
with the wheels R, or Q; these last cog with the pinion N, which
itself catches alternately with the pulleys H, and H, giving the motion to
the wheels J, J. The pulleys Q, and R, are set on the same shaft by
means of a pin; that shaft is carried by an iron disc, bearing on a
moveable supporter ; and when the pulley Q, is taken into B, by means
of the lever D, the cylinder A, receives an oscillating motion of about
one inch and a half in length. The stop levers F, F, both move
inside the standards M, M; they act on the rollers G, G, set at the
upper and lower parts of the machine; and by their connexion and
the stop levers F, F, the cloth is made to approach to or recede from
the cylinder A. Straps are passed over the rollers L; L, on which are
fixed the pulleys J, and J', and the cloth passes over these rollers L, L,
by which it is stretched. To prevent, during the operation, the straps
injuring the teazels on either side of the cylinder A, the stop levers
F, F, are loosened; this has the effect of causing the rollers L, L, which

page_text: were stretching the strap, to yield; the upper roller descends by the motion
of the stop levers which are acting on the vertical bearers U, and the
straps are disengaged from the cyliuder A, which, therefore, prevents
the teazels from being injured. The standard M, is provided with
the trunnion I, on which is fixed the balance supporter O, having a
brass die or ring, through which passes the axis a, of the main
cylinder A.
The engaging lever D, in connexion with the balance supporter O,
serves to alter the motion of the machine.
The axis of the pulleys II, and H', are set on iron discs, which are
jointed with a plate supporter Z, bolted to the standards M, M. The
catching pulleys J, J', the tension pulleys h, h', and the rollers L, L,
are set on the same axis. The collars a, a, surround stretching
pulleys set also on the same axis; and the rollers L, L, are made to
recede by means of the screw S, having a handle V, which acts on the
collars x, and a, which are maintained in their proper position by
the small pulleys K. Under the machine there is a wooden trough X,
full of water, in which is placed a roller serving to wet the cloth to be
napped. The machine is put in motion by means of a strap acting on
the pulleys t, t'; one of these is keyed to the shaft a, and the other
is loose.
The machine being set up, the piece of cloth is placed over the
rollers G, G, in such a manner that it receives successively the action
of cylinder A, provided with teazels; the cloth is maintained in a
stretched position over the rollers G, G, by means of the endless bands
which pass under the lower rollers L, L, and over the upper ones G, G.
And having now described the nature of the Invention communi-
cated to me, and the manner of performing the same, I wish it to be
understood, that I do not confine myself to the precise details herein-
before described, provided the peculiar features of the Invention be
retained. But what I claim as new, and intend to be protected by the
berein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,-
Firstly, the napping cloth on two sides by one turn of the cylinder,
as herein-before described, and referred to in the several Figures of
the drawings.

page_text: Secondly, the oscillating of the napping cylinder, as herein-before
described, and referred to in the several Figures of the drawings.
In 'witness whereof, I, the said Emile Adolphe Herrmann, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of
August, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-three.
(L.S.) E. A. HERRMANN.
Witness, A. H. PATTISON.