Improved Method and Apparatus for Effecting a More Rapid and Durable Varnishing of Wheeled Vehicles.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Nov., 1890-Accepted, 17th Jan. 191
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Method and Apparatus for Effecting a More Rapid and
Durable Varnishing of Wheeled Vehicles.
I, RUDOLF GUNESCH of III Obere Weissgärberstrasse 5 Vienna in the Austrian
Empire Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
My invention has for its object to effect a better and quicker drying of the conts of
varnish applied to wheeled vehicles, such as road carriages, omnibuses, tramway and
railway cars, locomotive engines &c., in order to avoid the great loss of time that at
present occurs in varnishing such vehicles and also to render the varnish more
durable.
Before varnishing the wood or metal surfaces of vehicles, these are, as is well known,
previously rendered as smooth as possible and are for this purpose first coated with
one or more coats of composition and paint. Generally this operation consists in first
grounding, then coating with composition, grinding the same, filling in, again grind-
ing, and making good the remaining inequalities, whereby a very smooth surface is
obtained, which then receives one or more coats of paint, and lastly one or more coats
of conch varnish, giving a highly polished surface. A main condition for the success
of the operation consists in that each coating of grounding, composition, paint and
varnish must be thoroughly dry before the next one is applied, because not only would
the next coating otherwise adhere badly, but the smooth surface to be produced by
grinding with pumice stone and polishing stone would not be obtained, as the portions
of the surface which had not become perfectly hard would grind off more rapidly
than the other parts and would thus produce recesses in the surface.
This drying process, which is so essential to success, is effected in the workshops
without special appliances in the case of large vehicles, such as tramway and railway
cars and locomotives.
Such a method of drying is of course very tedious, and its duration depends more
or less upon the condition of the atmosphere.
Irrespective of the great loss of profit arising to the owner of the vehicles in con-
sequence of these being put out of service for so long a time, and the inconvenience
caused in the workshops hy the presence for so long a time of the large vehicles, the
said mode of drying is, at best, an imperfect one.
always remains in the grounding, which, after a time acts injuriously upon the coating
A certain amount of moisture
of varnish, causing it to crack, and thus destroying its appearance.
According to my present invention, the inconveniences and imperfections caused by
the slow and imperfect drying of the various coatings are obviated by subjecting the
vehicle to an artificial drying process. This is effected by arranging in close proximity
o the surfaces of the vehicle to be varnished heating appliances such as pipes,
poxes &c. in which hot air, dry steam, or other heating fluid is made to circulate.
By this means the heat, acting in close proximity to the coated surfaces, effects the
Trying thereof comparatively very rapidly. The action of the drying heat is con-
iderably increased and consequently the time required for drying considerably
bortened if the entire vehicle and the heating appliances are enclosed by a casing.
A suitable arrangement for this purpose consists in constructing an oblong casing
which may either be fixed or moveable and separable into parts, and which has doors
t its two narrower ends, so that a vehicle that has been dried therein, need not be
ithdrawn through the same door through which it was introduced, but can be
emoved through the opposite door, thus avoiding the inconvenience and delay that
ould arise in introducing and withdrawing through one and the same door, owing to
e necessity of shunting the vehicle on to branch rails in order to make room for
[Price 4d.1

page_text: the next vehicle to be operated upon. With the above arrangement a second vehicle
could be introduced simultaneously, or nearly so, with the removal of the first one
and thus the heating devices may be maintained continuously in action without loss
to any practical extent.
The works may, if the number of vehicles to he treated requires it, be provided
with two or more such drying chambers at such distances apart as may be required
for effecting the consecutive contings between them.
•
By the above described method not only will a great saving of time and consequently
a more remunerative utilisation of the capital invested in the vehicles be effected,
but also, a better and more thorough drying will be attained than was possible hereto-
fore, resulting in a greater durability and resistance to wear of the hardene varnish
coatings and consequently also in a reduction in the cost of repairs.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 'l
claim is :-
1. A method of rapid drying in the varnishing of vehicles cousisting in the appli-
cation in close proximity to the surfaces of the vehicle of heating appliances, such as
pipes or boxes in which hot air, steam, or other heating fluid is made to circulate, the
radiated heat of which effects the drying of the coatings of composition paint or
varnish, substantially as described.
2. The use in the method of drying referred to in the preceding claim of a casing
with one or more doors enclosing the vehicle, in combination with the heating
appliances, for the purpose of more perfectly utilizing the heat of the latter,
substantially as described.
Dated this 8th day of November 1890.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.