IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Anderson Harrison, of Lancaster, in the County
of Lancaster, Mechanic, residing at 15, Park Road, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
ealed the 7th May 1880 and dated the 13th November 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Anderson Harrison
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th November 1879.
THOMAS ANDERSON HARRISON, of Lancaster, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanic,
residing at 15, Park Road. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
My Invention consists of certain improvements in the winding the cloth from
the shuttle, whereby the levers and weights commonly used in bringing the cloth
to the emery roller are removed (by which defective apparatus only a certain
amount of cloth can be wound on at one time); whereas by my improved
arrangement any amount up to, say, 200 yards, can be wound on without stoppage
or uneveness in such wound cloth.
I substitute for such levers and weights two coil or other springs as and in
accordance with the make of the loom; but I in preference use the coil plate
spring, the inner ends of which I secure to fixed centres or plates inside the loom
frame sides and secured to the same centres that carry the catch or worm wheel.
The inner ends of these springs being made secure, several coils are openly carried
round up to a little beyond the centre of the cloth roller. To this upper end is
secured an hinge joint, into which is fitted the lower end of levers of any
convenient shape, the upper end of such levers being made to fit spindle or shaft
ends of the cloth roller; the slott guides in loom frame sides are used as before. It
will thus be seen that however much or little is wound upon the roller, the influence
of the springs being equal, the cloth must of necessity be more evenly wound and
improved by such winding so immediately after leaving the shuttle; this with the
gentle increase of pressure on the filling of the cloth roller is of great benefit to the
cloth. When the cloth has to be drawn off the outer spring ends are drawn down
and secured by catch or drop pins or other simple means.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thomas Anderson Harrison in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
10th May 1880.
THOMAS ANDERSON HARRISON, of Lancaster, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanic,
residing at 15, Park Road. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
My Invention consists of certain improvements in the winding of cloth from the
Bhuttle of weaving looms, whereby the levers and weights commonly used in
bringing the cloth to the emery roller are removed (by all former defective
apparatus only a certain amount of cloth could or can be wound on cloth roller
at one time); whereas by my improved arrangement any amount of cloth, up to
200 yards, can be wound on without stoppage, and without leaving any unevenness
in such wound cloth. The same arrangement of apparatus is likewise applicable to
the back side of the loom for letting off warp beam, in which it likewise dispenses
with the weights used.
The several Figures on the accompanying Drawing are marked by corresponding
letters of reference.
Fig. 1 is a side view of one method of applying my winding apparatus for light
work by ratchet wheel and catch.
Fig. 2 is a side view likewise of a similar apparatus influenced by a worm and
wheel.
Fig. 3 is a warp beam in position at the back of a loom with one method of
applying it for letting off without weights.
Fig. 4 is a side elevation of loom frame showing the apparatus Fig. 1 in position.
Fig. 5 is a similar view showing Fig. 2 in position.
Fig. 6 is a similar view to Fig. 3 showing another method of application for
letting off from warp beam without weights.
A, A, is loom frame; B, ordinary cloth roller shaft; C, emery roller; D, lifting
levers; E, cloth roller shown pressed up against emery roller C; F is the down or
piece lever, one at each end of cloth shaft, which when the cloth is wanted off are
drawn down till the pin L comes in gear of a catch tooth in quadrant K, see
Fig. 1; G on all the Figures is a plate coil spring, which by preference I use, but I
may substitute in lieu springs of any other shape; H, Fig. 4, is a ratchet wheel held
in position by brackets I and J, each provided with regulating slotts fand g; K is
a quadrant catch bracket into which pin L is made to fit for holding down cloth
roller while the cloth is taken off; M is a pall or catch which enables the weaver
or tackler to increase or decrease the strain on the cloth in coming from the shuttle;
N and O are worm and wheel used for the same purpose where a heavier strain is
required; P is a lever or its equivalent for turning the worm N, which will be
seen opens or closes the coil plate spring G, and would act equally on any other
kind of spring.
R on Fig. 3 shows a similar worm wheel and spring applied for letting off.
The warp beam S is a friction clip band rod, the lower end of which passes through
the outer end of plate coil spring, such rod end is screwed with a nut top and
bottom for increase and decrease of friction on iron beam ends V.
S¹ on Figs. 3 and 6 are similar rod and strap for a further increase, but is
independent of the spring, and is secured at bottom to the frame A; T on Fig. 3
is one end of a cord secured to frame A, passed several times round iron beam end
V, then down as by T¹ to hook or loop U, thence through outer end of spring as at
the other end of same beam shown.; a similar arrangement is made in Fig. 6 at the
outer end.
The Figs. 1, 2, 4, and 5 refer exclusively to winding on, and in such winding as
the cloth roller E increases in size the tension of the spring increases, thereby laying
the cloth very smooth and even, imparting thereby an improved face to the cloth.

page_text: Figs. 3 and 6 show four different ways of applying the spring for letting off,
thereby in every instance doing away with loose weights and their attendant evils.
In applying the winding apparatus the cloth roller is taken out of its place, and
on each end of the shaft B the lever D is fitted; the brackets I and J are bolted to
the loom sides A, on which are fitted the apparatus Figs 1, 4, or 2, 5, which when
firmly bolted the springs are set to any tension the nature of the cloth may require
and for letting off the same, as provided for.
Having now described my Invention and several methods of applying it, I do
not confine myself to any particular shape or detail I have had occasion to describe
or refer to, as many variations may be made therein without deviating from the
principle of this my Invention, but what I claim as secured to me herein is,-
First. The two coil or other springs G, substantially as and for the purposes
herein before set forth.
Second. The methods of applying the same with the catch and wheel, screw, or
worm and wheel, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth.
Third, and last. The general arrangements of the several parts for winding cloth
from the shuttle and letting off yarn from the warp beam, substantially as and for
the purposes herein before set forth.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty ninth
day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
eighty
Witness,
JOSEPH GREENALL,
Lancaster.
THOMAS ANDERSON (L.S.) HARRISON.