Year: 1888

page_text: 1. GEORG RATH of 24 Casino Str., Elberfeld in the German Empire, Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The object of my invention is to secure a better fastening, and arrangement of the
pile, and by these means the pile is held straight, which gives a better and more
regular appearance to the plushes thus woven, than has been possiblo in machine
woven plushes till now.
Reference being had to the accompanying drawing, in which fig. 1 is a side view
through the line. of fig. 2, showing how the pile is woven to the two grounds or
backs at the same time.
Fig. 2 shows a section through the line w z of fig. 1.
The weft threads are represented in section in fig. 1, and are numbered a a¹ a³
consecutively as they are woven in.
Fig. 2 shows the ware as if it was woven in a loose state and the warp threads not
drawn tight, while fig. 3 shows how the threads lie in the finished ware, when the
warp and weft threads are tightened.
I employ two sets of threads, warp and weft; the warps consisting of eight
different threads, numbered and described as follows:
3 and 4 are the ground threads of the bottom A see fig. 1; and 1, 2 are the ground
threads of the top B, Fig. 1; a, b, c, d are the pile threads, cominon to both the
grounds as may be seen by Fig. 1.
Plushes that are woven in a power loom, four different pile threads a, b, d are
taken into account, and these four threads form at the same time the pile for the upper,
and lower fabric. In all hand woven plushes, as is well known, the pile thread is
simply cut through, and forms by cutting plushes, which stand exactly opposite each
other, because they are from one and the same thread, which is not so in double or
power woven plushes. Therefore the pile, which is formed in hand woven plushes by
the same thread, must in power woven plushes be formed out of two different threads,
as seen in fig. 1. But they stand in the fabric known till now side by side, instead of
opposite to each other, and consequently have little or no support from each other, and
do not stand upright as they ought to do, but fall a little to the side.

page_text: By the method, as shown in Fig. 1, 2, 3, these irregularities are done away with,
by the arrangement of two ground threads alternately with two rows of pile-forming-
warp-threads, as shown in fig. 2-3. These ground threads are woven one on either
side of two pile threads in the same manner, so that they bind the pile threads from
both sides in the same manner. It is natural that only in the position opposite to the
cut pile threads, which are to be cut to form the nap, this common binding is necessary.
Likewise as the two cut pile threads are shut on both sides in the same manner by the
two neighboured ground-warp-threads, also the two pile threads are bound on the
other two sides by the weft threads in the same manner.
The pile forming threads are arranged in such a manner that between every weft
thread two pile threads pass. By this method each pair of pile threads a b, c d, lying
side by side, are pressed together by the ground warp threads, and they are forced to
stand upright and opposite to each other, as in the hand woven plushes.
this correct position of the pile threads."
Fig. 3 shows
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
1.) A fabric having in its ground or back, alternately two pile threads and two
grounds threads, both being warps, and having the ground threads, lying one on either
side of the pile threads, woven, opposite to the cut pile threads, in the same manner,
for the purpose as described.
2.) A fabric having in its ground or back, alternately two pile threads and two
ground threads, both being warps, and having the ground threads, lying one on either
side of the pile threads, woven, opposite to the cut pile threads, in the same manner,
and having two pile threads between every weft thread for the purpose as described.
3.) A fabric having the pile woven with a double ground or back, and having in
cach ground alternately two pile threads and two ground-threads, both being warps,
and having the ground-threads, lying one on either side of the pile threads, woven,
opposite to the cut pile threads, in the same manner, for the purpose as described.
4.) A fabric having the pile woven with a double ground, or back and having in
each ground alternately two pile threads and two ground threads, both being warps,
and having the ground threads, lying one on either side of the pile threads, woven,
opposite to the cut pile threads, in the same manner, and having two pile threads
between every weft thread for the purpose as described.
Dated Gois 17th day of February 1888.
Dated Lois 17th day of February load.
GEORG RATH.
By A. Kuhnt & R. Deissler,
38, Alexanderstr., Berlin, Germany,
His Attorneys.