CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLESTICKS AND OTHER CANDLE HOLDERS
Year: 1841

page_text: **STEVENS & KING'S SPECIFICATION.
7.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS, SHALL COME, we, JOHN LEE
STEVENS, of King Edward Street, Southwark, General Agent, and JOHN KING,
of College Hill, London, Printer, send greeting..
WHEREAS: Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-fifth day of June, in the
fifth year of Her reign, did, for, Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said John Lee Stevens and John King, Her especial licence
that we, the said John Lee Stephens and John King, our exors, adñiors, and
assigns, or such others as we, the John Lee Stevens and John King, our
exors, adñiors, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein.
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,-within
England, Wales, the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also within all Her
Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, our Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLESTICKS AND OTHER CANDLE HOLDERS;" in which said
Letters Patent there is contained a proviso obliging us, the said John Lee
Stevens and John King, by an instrument in writing under our hands and
seals, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to be
enrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the samé, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
annaar

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
John Lee Stevens and John King, do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following, reference being had to the
Drawing and Figures therein referred to.
Our improvements in candlesticks and other candle holders consist in giving
a vertical motion to the piston or slide of a candlestick or other candleholder,
and, consequently, to the candle inserted in such candlestick or candleholder,
by means of a spiral or screw apparatus, the part to which the fingers are
applied for the purpose of causing such vertical motion having a motion in a
horizontal plane or a rotatory motion, as herein-after described.
The stem or rod of the
Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, represent an ordinary candlestick with our improvement
therein. The part upon which the candle rests when in the nozzle, which we
call the piston or slide, is shewn at a, a, Figure 1; the rod or stem of this piston
or slide passes through the bottom of the nozzle b, b; the two are inserted in
the socket c, c, of the candlestick or candleholder.
piston has a spiral groove or thread on its surface, and the hole at the bottom
of the nozzle is cut in a corresponding manner, so that the two may work
together as an internal and an external screw. The lower part of the piston
or slide is furnished with guide plates d, d, Figure 2, which fit into vertical
grooves e, e, Figures 3 and 4, in the socket and base of the candlestick. As
the nozzle is turned round horizontally or made to rotate about a vertical axis
by being twisted with the fingers, the action of the external screw in the
bottom of the nozzle, on the spiral screw, on the stem or rod of the piston or
slide, will cause the piston or slide to move vertically either ascending or
descending, the piston being prevented from rotating by the guides d, d, above
mentioned, or by having a square nob at the bottom, or by any similar
ordinary contrivance to prevent the piston turning during its ascent or descent
in the vertical hole in the lower part of the candlestick, as represented by the
dotted line in Figure 3, which vertical hole must be of sufficient depth to
allow the piston to descend its whole length. This last-mentioned construction
of a square nob and hole is particularly convenient in candlesticks or holders
of glass or earthenware, these may be fitted with nozzles and pistons of metal
or other suitable material; or the candlestick or holder constructed according
to the above-mentioned improvements may be any of the metals or materials
usually employed in the construction of such articles.
Figure 5 represents another modification of our improvements. The piston
is furnished with guide plates or guide studs g, 9, which fit in vertical grooves
ff, in the nozzle e, e, so that as the nozzle is turned round the piston turns

page_text: with it; the rod d or stem of the piston and the interior of the vertical hole
in the socket a, a, being formed to work together as an internal and external
screw, so that as the nozzle is turned round the piston ascends or descends
according to the direction in which the nozzle is turned.
Figure 6 represents another improvement in which the rod or stem of the
piston is hollow or pierced by a square or prismatic hole, and has a suitably
shaped maundril d, d, inserted in it, the lower end of which maundril is
affixed to the candlestick. The arrangements are in every other respect
precisely the same as those represented in Figure 2, the maundril producing
the same effects as the groove and square nob above mentioned in preventing
the piston rotating. The piston ascends or descends on turning the nozzle in
precisely the same manner as in the improvement first herein described.
Figure 7 represents another improvement in which the spiral surface f of
the piston a and that of the nozzle bare formed to work together as an
internal and an external screw; the square stem a¹ of the piston a prevents the
piston turning with the nozzle, and it consequently moves vertically on the
nozzle being turned round, as before described.
In all the above-mentioned improvements in candlesticks and other candle-
holders, the piston and candle placed on it is made to ascend or descend
vertically by turning the nozzle horizontally or giving the nozzle a motion
about a vertical axis.
.9
And we claim as our Invention in respect of the said improvements the
application of an internal and an external screw, as herein-before described,
for the purpose of causing such vertical motions on turning the nozzle.
The improvements herein-after described consist in causing the vertical
ascent or descent of the piston by other means than the turning of the nozzle.
Figure 8 represents an arrangement in which the motion is communicated
to the piston by a screw at the end of the rod or stem b working in a cylinder
or tube c fixed in suitable bearings at d so as to turn freely. The tube or
cylinder being turned by the application of the fingers to the rim f will cause
the piston to ascend or descend according to the direction in which it is
turned, the piston or slide being prevented from turning by guide plates or
nobs moving in grooves in the socket or chamber of the candlestick, as before
described.
Figures 9 and 10 represent a method of moving the piston or slide without
raising the candlestick or candleholder from the place on which it stands.
The lower end of the piston rod or stem c, Figure 9, is made to work as a
screw with the inner surface of a nut or collar b situated at any convenient
part, as at the lower part of the candlestick or candleholder. The nut or

page_text: collar bis kept in its place and made to work, truly in its horizontal bearings
by the parts, d, d, d, d,, which connect the upper and lower part of the candle;
stick or candleholder firmly together. The motion may be given to the piston
or slide in other parts than those represented in the Drawing, but the above
are those which appear to us most convenient.
And we claim as our Invention in respect of the two last-mentioned
improvements in candlesticks or candleholders the raising the piston or candle
by means of a spiral screw working. with a tube or collar, as herein-before
described.
In conclusion, we wish it to be understood that we propose as a trade
description to apply the term "Soho Patent" to our, said improvements, in
candlesticks and other candleholders, as herein-before described.
14
In witness whereof, we, the said John Lee Stevens and John King, 'have
hereunto set our hands and seals, the Twenty-third day of December,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-one...