Improvements in Crushing Machines.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Oct., 1895-Accepted, 30th Nov., 1895
[Communicated from abroad by FREDERICK C AUSTIN, of Chicago. Tinois,
United States of America, Jobbing Manufacturer.]
Improvements in Crushing Machines.
I, DAVID YOUNG, Patent Agent, of the Fum of D Young & Co., of
11 and 12 Southampton Buildings, London, WC, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what maunei the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement
The crushing hopper compuses a movable crushing jaw having a combined
vibratory, for ward and back, and up and down movement. As a preferred
arrangement, the movable crushing jaw is operated from an eccentric through
the medium of a pitman and a toggle. The movable crushing jaw is pivotally
attached to swinging links which are suspended from points forward of the
movable cushing jaw, whereby, when the links swing in a duection to carry the
lower end portion of the movable jaw for ward, said end portion of the movable
will also move downwardly and thereby cause a down feed of the material
One aim of the toggle is igid with the movable jaw, so as to prevent the latter
from yielding during the crushing action, and the remaining aim of the toggle
has its ear end fulcrumed upon a vertically adjustable abutment, which can be
adjusted for the purpose of varying the extent of crushing movement, with
eference to the character of the material to be crushed.
Jaw
The toggle arms are also fulci umed upon the pitman at points on a line oblique
to a line along the length of the pitman, which said fentuie constitutes a matter
of further improvement, and of much importance. Duing the operation of
the machine, the pitman has an up and down movement, and also a vibratory
action.
The movable jaw, operates to alternately contract and expand the discharge
opening at the lower portion of the hopper, and while operating to thus contract
such opening, it has a down movement as a result of pivotally suspending the
links from points forward of the movable jaw. During such action, the lower
end portion of the jaw will have the greatest extent of movement, but before
said end portion of the Jaw has reached the hint of its forward and down
movement, the upper portion of the jaw will till rearwardly. When the links
swing rearwardly, the jaw will 11se and move back, but before the lower end
portion of the Jaw reaches the limit of its back movement the upper portion of
the jaw will commence to tilt forward, and move downwardly, whereby the
The machine there-
crushing action and down feed are practically continuous
fore, has a practically continuous gunding and crushing action, and also a
practically continuous down feed, and by ielatively arranging the pitman and
toggle arms, as set forth, maximum results can be attained with a minimum amount
of power, the toggle can be employed to its greatest advantage, and at the same
time ample and effective end thrust can be secured.
In the accompanying diawings,―
Figure 1 is a section taken centrally and longitudinally on a vertical plane
through a crushing machine embodying the principles of the invention.
Figures 2 and 3 are in the nature of diagrams illustrative of the movements of
the vitman and movable cushing jaw

page_text: Figure 4 is a section taken transversely through the machine on a plane
indicated by line -a in Fig. 1.
Figure 5 is a section taken centrally and longitudinally through the machine on
a veitical plane, and is illustrative of another way of operating the movable
crushing jaw.
The crushing hopper comprises a couple of crushing jaws A and B between
which the stone, oie and like material is crushed. The crushed material 18
discharged at the bottom of the hopper, whereat a discharge opening for
such purpose is formed by the space between the lower end portious of
the jaws.
In the first four figues of the diawings, the jaw A 18 suspended by swinging
links C, and backed by a toggle which is in turn operated by a pitman D arranged
between the arms or members E and E of the toggle. The links are pivotally
connected with the lower end portion of the Jaw A, which is hereinafter termed
the movable or vibratory crushing jaw in contradistinction to the oppositely
arranged jaw B, which latter, while not necessarily stationary, is preferably so,
and is herein illustrated as a stationary jaw capable of adjustment by common
means The links incline upwardly and for wardly from their points of pivotal
connection with the lower end portion of the movable cushing jaw, and are
pivotally auspended as at 6, c, so as to swing about a horizontal axis which 18
ai ranged above the plane of the discharge end of the cushing hopper and located
forward or in front of the movable crushing jaw A, it being hereinafter understood
that the term forward or in front of the movable crushing jaw means opposite the
plane of the crushing face a of Jaw A, or relatively nearer the plane of jaw B, and
that with such understanding the jaw B is forward or in front of the jaw A, while
the toggle is back of the latter
By thus arranging the links, the movable jaw can vibrate independently of the
links, and at the same time its lower end portion will move downwardly when the jaw
13 operated in a duection to contract the discharge opening at the bottom of the
hopper, it being observed that the axis common to the points of pivotal connection
between the links and the lowor end of the movable crushing jaw will during the
said operation of the latter, be moved downwardly in the arc of a circle having as
its centie the elevated or overhead axis which is forward of the movable crushing
Jan and common to the points at which the upper ends of the links are pivotally
hung.
The pitman D is desuably operated by an eccentric F with which the driving
shaft is provided, said shaft being indicated in dotted lines in Figs. 1, 2, and 3,
and being also provided with a belt-pulley and balance wheels. The pitman
is arranged between the aims E and E¹ of the toggle, and engages with the same
by jointed or hinge-connections, a simple arrangement being to provide the toggle
aims with rounded bearing ends e, e, which engage in correspondingly shaped
sockets d, d, in the pitman. The toggle-arms engage or connect with the
pitman at points on a line which is oblique to a line along the length of the
pitman.
In said drawings, the point of engagement or connection between the toggle
arm E and the pitman is higher up and henco nearer to the eccentric than the
point of engagement or connection between the pitman and the toggle-arm E'.
The converse of such airangement can however be employed, that is to say-the
point of connection between the toggle-arm E' and the pitman, can be higher up,
or nearer the eccentric than the point of connection between the pitman and the
toggle-arm E The aim E of the toggle is also desuably rigid with the vibratory
Jaw A, it being observed that if the jaw and am should be pivotally connected
together, the resistance of stones oi oie, in either the upper or lower part of the
crushing hopper would render the jaw practically inoperative as a crushing means,
and that if such pivotal connection were present, one end of the jaw would have to
be pivoted in a fixed bearing, or other undesirable means and adjuncts for
rende log the Jaw operative would have to be provided

page_text: During the operation of the machine, the movable crushing jaw has the following
highly effective action, to wit.-a compound movement involving a certain extent
of bodily for ward and back movement; an up and down movement and a rocking
or vibratory movement. During such compound movement on the part of the
movable crushing jaw the pitman has an up and down movement and also a
vibratory movement about a point between its upper and lower ends
The foregoing described compound movement is further illustrated by Figs 2
and 3. In the former, the pitman is nearly at the end of its up stroke, and as thei ein
shown, the greater portion of its longitudinal center line G is mainly at the left of
the line I drawn vertically through the center of the diving shaft, while in Fig 3,
wherein the pitman is nearly at the end of its down stroke, the greater portion of
the center line G of the pitman is at the night of the vertical line H through the
center of the diving shaft When the pitman makes its down stroke it forces the
movable crushing jaw forward and at the same time the forward swing of the links
causes the jaw to move downwardly, thereby contacting the discharge opening at
the bottom of the crushing hopper and also feeding the crushed material downwardly
through such contracting opening, it being seen that when the pitman is raised the
lower end of the jaw will be raised as in Fig 1, and when the pitman descends,
said end of the jaw will be moved forwardly and downwardly, as in Fig 3, wherein
the movement of the links cause such downward movement on the part of the jaw.
During this forward movement of the jaw its lower end portion will have the
greatest extent of movement, but before such lower end portion of the jaw reaches
the limit of its forward movement, its upper end portion tilts, thereby permitting the
material at the top of the hopper to settle down between its cushing jaws
The links then swing back and the jaw commences to have a back and up move-
ment, but before the lower end portion of the jaw reaches the limit of its back
movement the upper portion of the jaw commences to again ult forward and more
downwardly. The down feed and crushing action are therefore practically
continuous, since the material will be crushed in alter nation between the jaw B and
the upper and lower portions of the vibratory movable jaw, which said portions
will have a grinding as well as a direct crushing action. As shown in Fig. 2, the
upper end of the movable jaw is forward of a vertical line 1, while in Fig. 3, it is on
such line, and also, in said Fig 2, the lower end of the movable Jaw is back of a
vertical line K, while in Fig. 3 it is on said line.
The eccentric is proportioned with reference to the desired extent of thrust o
vibratory action on the part of the ends of the movable jaw, and when this is
determined the positions of the points of connection between the toggle-arms and
the pitman are determined with reference to the forward and back thiust or move-
ment of the middle portion of the movable crushing jaw, that is to say-the portion
between its upper and lower end portions. The extent of such thrust is governed
by the angle of a line between the ends e, e¹ of the toggle-aims to the center line G
of the pitman, and by the length of said line between the ends e, e', and by such
arrangement unduly bending the toggle is avoided, thereby rendeiing available the
greatest power of the toggle and at the same time employing a minimum amount of
driving power for operating the_toggle.
As a convenient and preferred aangement, the links are arranged at the outer
sides of the side-walls 1 of the man fiame, although if they were sufficiently
widened to form sides of the crushing hopper, they could of course be arranged at
the inner sides of said side-walls The lower end of the movable crushing jaw 15
desirably extended downwardly as illustrated, and while separate pivots for the
links can be employed, a single long pivot bolt M can be used.
The rear toggle aim E' is pivotally connected with a vertically adjustable_abut-
ment N which is preferably provided with a socket-bearing n for the sounded rear
end e² of such toggle-arm. Said abutment can be adjusted by any suitable means,
for example by an adjusting screw O arranged to work in a bearing on the rear end
wall of the main frame.

page_text: 1
The movable crushing jaw is subject to a spring which tends to draw the jaw
back, and which serves to maintain the toggle arms in connection with the pitman,
and as a desirable arrangement, the 1od P has its forward end hinged to the movable
crushing jaw as at p, and has its rear end portion extended through an opening
in the main fiame and also extended through an elastic cushion Q With such
arrangement, a cap R and uut S are fitted upon the rear end of said 1od, and the
cap is arranged to fit one end of the elastic cushion
The machine is preferably constructed with both of the foregoing described
important features, consisting of the swinging links suspended from points for ward
of the vibratory crushing jaw, and the toggle compusing a couple of aims whichi
connect with the pitman on a line which is oblique to a line along the length of the
pitmau, since by such general arrangement, the best results are secured, it being
understood that said two main features cooperate to secure such ends.
The links arranged as set forth may however be used in a machine in which the
arm E on the vibratory crushing jaw is vibrated and longitudinally reciprocated by
means other than those shown in the first four figures, and to such end Fig. 5 shows
the said aim provided at its rent end with a strap E which is operated by an
eccentric 1 Such arrangement 15 however less desuable, and the shaft is apt to
break under the great stiain to which it is subjected.
Having now particularly described and ascortamed the nature of the said invén-
tion, and in what mannet the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,
1 na crushing machine, the cushing hopper compusing a movable jaw,
swinging suppoiting links for the said jaw, the said links being suspended at then
upper ends from pivots aanged in front of the jaw and the jaw being supported
at the lower ends of the links, and operating mechanism for the said jaw, whereby
at 15 caused to move downwardly at the same tune it moves bodily toward the
opposing crushing member, substantially as set forth.
2 In a crushing machine, the crushing hopper comprising a movable crushing
Jaw, a toggle for operating said jaw, and a pitman with which the toggle-aims are
connected at points on a line oblique to a line along the length of the pitman,
substantially as described
3. In a cushing machine, the crushing hopper comprising a movable crushing
jaw, swinging links alianged to pivotally support the movable jaw and pivotally
suspended from points for waid of the same, au am rigid with the movable jaw,
and means such as set forth for operating the aim, whereby said jaw 15 moved
bodily towards the opposing crushing member, and at the same time is carried
downward.
4. In a crushing machine, the crushing hopper comprising a movable crushing
Jaw, swinging links pivotally connected with the lower end portion of the movable
Jaw and suspended from points for waid of the same, a toggle haring one of its aims
gid with the movable jaw, and a pitman for operating the toggle, substantially as
described.
5 In a crushing machine, the crushing hopper compusing a movable crushing
Jaw, swinging links pivotally connected with the lower end portion of the movable
Jaw and suspended from points forward of said jaw, a toggle having one of its arms
gid with the movable jaw, and a pitman with which the links are connected at
points on a line oblique to a line along the length of the pittoan, substantially as
descubed.
6. A cushing machine compusing a crushing hopper having a movable crushing
Jaw arranged to have during operation a combined vibratory, up and down, and
forward and back movement, means arranged for pivotally supporting said jaw
at its lower end and further arranged for movement downwardly and forwardly
and ieni waidly and upwardly for the purpose set forth, a toggle having one
of its aims rigid with the jaw, a pitman for operating the toggle, and a

page_text: spring to which the movable jaw 18 subject during operation, substantially as
described.
Dated this 22nd day of October 1895.
D. YOUNG & Co.,
11 & 12 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.