Improvements in Hinges and Door Checks.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Mar., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 24th July, 1890-Accepted, 20th Sept.. 1890.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hinges and Door Checks.
I, BENJAMIN JOSEPH BARNARD MILLS of 23 Southampton Buildings in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, a com-
munication to me from abroad by James Willard Morris of New York City, in the
County and State of New York and United States of America, Physician, to be as
follows:-
:-
This invention relates to a new device which constitutes a combined spring hinge
and door check, and which may be constructed so as to be used either as a spring
hinge and door check or as a simple hinge, a suitable converting arrangement being
provided, and which by a slight change may be used simply as a door check and hinge,
a suitable closing spring being provided apart from the device itself.
In carrying. out the invention, I provide the ordinary hinge leaves, with hollow
sockets, and combine the sockets of the two leaves with a pintle free to move relatively
to both hinge leaves. One of the sockets is formed as a cylinder and one end of the
pintle carries a head, the pintle and head acting as the piston of the cylinder. The
other end of the pintle, that is the end which does not enter the cylinder, is provided
with projections, preferably in the form of rollers, which coacting with suitable grooves
in the hinge knuckles, effect a vertical movement of the pintle. A cushion is caused
to act, in the cylinder to check the downward movement of the piston. This cushion
may be formed by the compression of air, or, and I prefer so to have it, by a liquid,
such as glycerine. When a liquid is used I provide the piston-head with passages
extending vertically through it and locate a valve on the under side thereof in area
sufficient to close said passages, a spring being arranged beneath the valve, the
tendency of which is to force the valve to its seat. The cylinder for a portion of its
length is channelled with several channels on its inner surface: the object of thesc
channels is to permit the free movement of the piston when opposite them, the liquid
then shifting by passing around the periphery of the piston head in the channels.
For a portion of its length the piston head is nearly in contact with the inner
surface of the cylinder. When the piston, or pintle, is moved upward by the move-
ment of the opening door the valve will be forced by the liquid away from its seat and
the liquid or some of it, will shift from above the piston-head to beneath it, running
through the passages as well as around the periphery of the head.
When, the door begins to close therefore the liquid will be largely beneath the
piston-head. As the piston head descends, its movement will be free and unchecked
until its lower end has reached the bottom of the channels in the cylinder, the valve
closing the passage in the head during its downward movement: when it reaches this
point the checking is effected as the liquid having a restricted flow before the piston-
head affords a cushion. Further downward movement is permitted the piston by
arranging other channels in the cylinder below the first mentioned channels, or by
arranging the cylinder and head so that a space intervenes between them, in which the
liquid may slowly escape. The spring which is used in the combined spring hinge and
door check is preferably located in the cylinder being coiled between the head of the
piston and cylinder end around the piston and being compressed thereby in its
upward movement, and its expansion tending to return the piston to the bottom of the
cylinder.
The device may however be used as a hinge and check alone, the spring-being

page_text: omitted. In this use however a separate spring is employed, such as the torsion
spring now commonly used to effect the closing of doors.
The upward movement of the pintle, effected by the opening of the door, may be a
direct movement, that is, made without its being rotated relatively to the hinge leaves
or it may be a compound movement made by rotating the pintle relatively to the hinge
leaves and changing this motion into a rectilinear one.
The direct movement of the pintle is effected by squaring it, or giving it any other
angular shape, for a portion of its length and causing it to pass through a square or
otherwise angularly shaped hole in one of the knuckles of the hinge, the other knuckle
being provided with opposite reversely inclined grooves into which project from the
pintle, rollers or other projections.
By this arrangement when the knuckle bearing the inclines is turned the inclines
are forced under the projections, carrying of course, the pintle with them. If the
knuckle in which the pintle is held from rotating is turned, then the projections will
be forced to travel up the inclines.
In the other method, one of the hinge leaves is provided with a divided knuckle
between the two sections of which the knuckle of the other leaf enters, the pintle
combining the whole as before. The lower section of the divided knuckle has attached
to or itself forms the cylinder. The upper section is provided with the opposite
reversely inclined grooves. The other knuckle has opposite straight grooves or slots.
Into the slots of the knuckles, rollers or other projections carried by the pintle project.
The piston end of the pintle and the cylinder operate as before.
When the knuckle with the straight slots is turned the side walls of the slots force
the projections on the pintle before them thus causing the pintle to turn relatively to
the other knuckle, the projections in the inclined slots being forced up the inclines, the
upward movement of the pintle being thus effected.
In the convertible form of device a pintle squared for a portion of its length is
used, but instead of causing it to pass through one of the knuckles having a
correspondingly shaped hole, it is passed through a piece, free to turn located
between the knuckles of the hinge, which picce has the desired shaped hole, and
which may be locked from turning by a tooth supported from one of the hinge
knuckles. When the piece is locked it will be apparent that it serves the purpose of
preventing the pintle from turning, and that when it is unlocked the pintle is free to
turn, carrying the piece with it. By this arrangement the device may be readily
converted from, a spring hinge and checking device to a simple acting hinge, the
unlocking of the piece serving simply to throw the reciprocating mechanism out of
action. My improved device may be used on doors which are required to swing both
ways, by using two devices arranged so that the fulcrum of the swinging door will be
first on one device then on the other.
It may also be used on a door, upon which other forms of hinges are used, and as
before stated it may be used simply as a hinge and checking device.
Improvements in Hinges and Door Checks.
I, BENJAMIN JOSEPH BARNARD MILLS, of 23 Southampton Buildings, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention.
a communication to me from abroad by James Willard Morris, of New York City, in
the County and State of New York, and United States of America, Physician, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
One object of my invention is to practically combine a spring hinge and door check

page_text: in the same device, to the end that a compact, efficient, and sightly device may result,
of few parts, readily assembled, comparatively inexpensive in construction, requiring
but little, if any, attention to keep in order, and which combined device shall be
adapted to take the place of an ordinary hinge in the hanging of a door, and at the
same time act as a checking device.
Another object of my invention is to produce a combined spring hinge and door
check adapted to be converted into a simple hinge without the removal of any of
the parts, by simply throwing the spring and checking mechanism out of action.
The first mentioned object is accomplished by causing, in any suitable way, a part
within the hinge, preferably the pintle thereof, to reciprocate, and by its reciprocation
operate a check of any desirable form, of which check the part or pintle itself may
form an clement.
In the drawings, I have show two methods of reciprocating the pintle. In the
method illustrated in Figure 4, a moving part of the hinge is adapted to rotate the
hinge pintle, while a stationary part of the hinge is adapted to serve as a guide for
the pintle, to effect the reciprocating movement thereof.
In the other method, illustrated in Figure 1, means are provided for preventing the
rotation of the hinge pintle, and a moving part of the hinge is adapted to effect the
movement of reciprocation directly.
I prefer to employ the latter form as I am enabled to lessen the size and cost of
the combined device thereby.
The hinge pintle is adapted to reciprocate in the knuckles of the hinge, the lower
knuckle perferably being formed with a cylinder, in relation to which the pintle acts
as a piston or plunger. The upward movement of the plunger is utilized to cause the
compression of a spring which is located in the cylinder, and the downward movement
is checked by a cushion, preferably a liquid, such as glycerine, within the cylinder, by
suitable provision being made for the shifting of the fluid, to effect the gradual closing
movement desired.
The form of device, wherein the pintle is held from rotation is the one especially
adapted to being used as the convertible form. As shown in the drawings, the hinge
pintle in this form is prevented from rotation by being squared or angularly formerl
for a portion of its length and caused to pass through a square or correspondingly
angular hole cut in a stationary part of the hinge. To adapt this form of device to
the convertible form, the hinge pintle is squared as before, but instead of being caused
to pass through a square hole in a stationary part, it is caused to pass through a square
hole in a part which, when a simple acting hinge is desired, may be readily arranged
to turn, so as to oppose no resistance to the rotation of the pintle, but which may be
locked to prevent the rotation of the pintle when a combined spring hinge, and door
check is desired.
In both the forms of device illustrated in Figures 1 and S, the lifting of the pintle
is effected by a moving part of the hinge directly, preferably by forcing an inclined
plane under a projection of the pintle, whereas in the form shown in Figure 4, the
lifting of the pintle is effected by first rotating the pintle through the medium of
suitable coacting projections and straight slots on the pintle and moving knuckle of
the hinge respectively, and then changing this movement into a vertical one by suit-
able coacting projections and inclined slots on the pintle and the stationary knuckle
of the hinge respectively.
In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification ;-
Figure 1 is an elevation of a combined spring hinge and door check embodying my
invention, showing the preferred manner of operating the pintle, the view being
partially in section and showing the device in the position it occupies when the door
is closed.
Figure 2 is a cross section-taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a cross section of the cylinder or knuckle forming the dash-pot, taken
on the plane of the line 3-3, Figure 1.
Figure 4 is an elevation of a combined spring hinge and door check embodying
my invention, showing a modified form of operating the pintle, the view being partially

page_text: in section, and showing the device in the position it occupies when the door is partially
opened.
Figure 5 is a section taken on the plane of the line 5-5, Figure 4, the rollers being
shown at the bottom of the inclines.
Figure 6 is a section taken on the plane of the line 6-6, Figure 4.
Figure 7 is a plan view of the head of the pintle of Figure 4.
Figure 8 is an elevation partially in section of a convertible spring hinge and door.
check, employing the method of reciprocating the pintle shown in Figure 1.
Figure is a vertical section of a portion of the device of Figure S, certain of the
parts being in elevation...
-
Figure 10 is a transverse section taken on the plane of the line 10-10, Figure 9,
with the antifriction- balls removed.
Figure 11 is a transverse section of a modified form of locking ring, and-Figure 11ª
a vertical section thereof.
Figure 12 shows a method of using, on the same door, two of my improved devices,
to obtain the best results.
Figures 13 and 14 are transverse sections taken respectively on the plane of the
lines 13-13 and 14-14 of Figure 12.
Figure 15 shows my improved device adapted to a door required to swing both
ways, and
Figure 16 shows my improved device serving simply as a hinge and chock, a spring
being employed separate from the device.
Figure 17 is an elevation partly in section of a combined convertible spring hinge
and door check of a generally similar construction to that represented at Figures 8
to 11ª, but embodying a modification whereby, the hinge is capable of adjustment so:
as to close the door. more or less softly, or allow it to acquire a little momentum at
the moment of latching.
Figure 18 js another elevation partly in section of the hinge, represented at
Figure 17, in another position, showing the relation of the parts when the door is
partly opened.
•
Figure 19 is a section taken on the plane of the line 5, 5, Figure 17.
Figure 20 is a cross section taken on the plane of the line 6, 6, Figure 17.
Figure 21 is a cross section taken on the line 7, 7, Figure 18.
Similar letters wherever used indicate corresponding parts.
Referring particularly to Figures 1, 2 and 3, A is the moving leaf of the hinge,
B the stationary leaf, and C the pintle, which combines the two parts of the hinge.
The moving leaf of the hinge is provided with a hollow knuckle or socket D, which
receives a portion of the pintle, and which is provided on opposite sides with
reversely formed spiral grooves E, E', adapted to receive rollers F, F, carried by said
pintle.
The stationary leaf of the hinge is provided with a hollow knuckle G, the lower end
of the piston being received therein, and having coiled about it the spiral spring H.
The knuckle Greceives also the supply of fluid which acts as a cushion, and constitutes
in fact, the cylinder of the dash-pot.
The knuckle D is shown as turning on the knuckle G, and to reduce the friction
between those parts, anti-fiction bearing balls I are introduced, a circular groove
being formed in the parts for this purpose by channelling a circular groove of semi-
circular cross section in each part.
The pintle C is squared for a portion of its length, and passes through a square hole
in the top of the cylinder; at its lower end it is provided with a head having
passages J therein, and below said passages a spring pressed valve K is located.
The cylinder G is formed with channels for a portion of its length, as shown at G¹,
G2, G3, and G+, Figure 3.
prefer to mount the rollers F, F, on the pintle C by passing a screw O through
cach, counter-sinking the heads in the rollers, the screws being of such length that
their ends will just abut at the centre line of the pintle; a screw P is then inserted
from the top of the pintle and passed through the ends of each of the screws O, as

page_text: shown in Figure 2. By this construction, the rollers may be readily combined with
the pintle, the screw P preventing the turning of the screwa O, the parts thereby
being held together.
I prefer to arrange the rollers F, F, with reference to the grooves E, E¹, so that
when the door is closed, they will be raised somewhat from the bottom thereof. The
object of this is to provide room for the expansion of the closing spring H to effect
the latching of the door after the door is brought to the closed position.
The operation is as follows:-
Fluid, preferably glycerine, is supplied to the cylinder through a suitable opening
(not shown) so as to fill or nearly fill the same. On opening the door, the lower wall
of the grooves E, E', will act as a wedge and will, in proportion to the extent
they are forced under the rollers F, F, lift them, and with them the pintle. By
carrying the grooves nearly around the socket D, the door may be opened more
than ninety degrees. During the upward movement of the head J, the passages J
therein, will remain open until the bottom of the head has just passed the lower
end of the channels G1, G2, G³, and G. The fluid, which up to this point flowed
through the passages J¹, will now flow around the periphery of the head in the
said channels, and the valve K will be forced, by its spring, to its seat, thus
closing the passages J¹. The return movement of the pintle or piston will be free
from check until the head J closes the channels G¹, etc. This occurs at the moment
the bottom of the head is at the bottom of the channels.
The passage of the fluid
being thus cut off, a check results. The fluid now flows slowly around the periphery
of the head J, and thereby permits the gradual closing of the door after the check
has operated. By a proper proportioning of the parts, the check may be effected
at any desired point in the closing movement of the door.
The
Referring particularly to Figure 4 and the sections and detail thereof, Figures 5, 6
and 7; the device illustrated in these figures is substantially similar to that shown in
Figure 1, except that the pintle is rotated, and its motion of rotation changed into a
motion of translation. This form of device is not so compact as that shown in
Figure 1, but it illustrates another mode of accomplishing the same result.
stationary leaf of the hinge in this example is provided with a divided knuckle, between
the parts G and G2 of which, the knuckle D of the moving leaf enters, the pintle C
serving to combine them. The lower part G2 has extending from it the cylinder G,
shown with a sharp grooved enlargement at its lower end to permit of a rapid closing
movement. The pintle C, besides the rollers or projections F, F, is provided with
projections or rollers F2, F3. The latter rollers or projections enter vertical slots F³, 15,
in the moving knuckle D, and the pintle is thereby rotated. The first named rollers F,
and F which coact with the inclines E, EI, serve to change this motion into a vertical、
one, the inclines in this example being stationary and the projections forced up them
instead of as in Figure 1, the inclines being forced under the projections.
operation will be sufficiently apparent from the description given of the operation of
Figure 1.
The
Referring to Figures 8, 9, 10, 11, and 11ª which illustrate the convertible form of
levice. The general construction of the convertible form is substantially similar to
that shown in Figure 1, but between the moving and stationary knuckles a locking
ring Q is provided which has a square hole, through which the squared portion of the
pintle passes.
This ring Q is shouldered on its lower face as shown in Figures 9 and 11ª, so as to
freely turn on the lower knuckle or cylinder G; on its upper face it is grooved for the
reception of the anti-friction balls I, so that when it is locked from turning the moving
knuckle may turn freely upon it. On the periphery of the ring Q as shown in
Figure 10, a notch R and hole $ are cut. Upon a lug T projecting from the cylinder
a dog U is pivotted in such position as to adapt a tooth U₁ on its end to enter the
notch R and lock the ring Q from rotation, a spring U2 acting to throw and hold the
tooth in its notch.
The hole S is adapted to receive a pin or other implement when effecting the
engagement or disengagement of the tooth U' and notch R. As shown in Figures 11
1

page_text: and 11 the ring Q is provided with a notch or hole R opposite which in the lug T, a
screw V plays, the point of the screw being tapered so that as it enters said notch or
hole R it will gradually force it into position, leaving it free to turn when wholly
withdrawn. I prefer to employ the device shown in Figures 11 and 11a for controlling
the locking ring Q as it is simple and readily operated.
It will be obvious that when the ring Q is locked from turning by the dog U or
screw V, the opening of the door will operate to effect the lifting of the pintle and the
action will be the same as described by the simple form of hinge illustrated in Figure 1.
But when the ring is free to turn by reason of the tooth on the dog or the point of the
screw being out of the notch the result will be that the pintle C will be turned but
not lifted, and of course the spring and checking mechanism will not be operated, the
device then serving simply as a hinge.
In Figure 12 I have shown two of my improved devices of the preferred form
applied to the same door in such manner that the knuckles of the hinges are prevented
from separating vertically, this being effected by causing the moving leaf of one hinge
to carry the projections of the pintle up the incline of the stationary leaf as in the
upper hinge of Figure 12, and by causing in the other hinge the moving leaf to carry
the inclines under the projections of the pintle as shown in the bottom hinge of
Figure 12.
This same object may be effected by employing in the hanging of a door
in addition to my improved device, of the preferred form, any other form of hinge in
which the knuckles are positively held from separation, as for instance such a form of
hinge as that shown in Figure 16.
In Figure 16, the spring forming part of the combined device is omitted, the other
parts remaining the same, and between the door and casing a torsion spring W is
arranged. The device when so used acts as a hinge and as a check, the spring power
being supplied from without the device by the spring W. For many purposes this
method of employing my device may be useful; an extra spring may also be used in
addition to the spring combined with the device.
In Figure 15 my device is shown as applied to a door to permit it to swing in
both directions. The construction for this purpose is substantially the same as for
other purposes, the difference consisting merely in the arrangement of a pair of the
combined spring and checking-devices so that when the door swings in one direction
its fulcrum will be on one of the devices and when it swings in the opposite direction
its fulcrum will be on the other.
Referring to Figures 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21, which illustrate the adjustable and
convertible form of device. The general construction and operation are similar to
those of the convertible form of device shown at Figures 8, 9, 10, 11, and 11a I will
therefore confine my description thereof mainly to those features which render the
same adjustable.
That portion which is described as knuckle G in the former figures and is there
shown in one continuous picco, is in the modification made in two parts namely a
knuckle G and a pot or cylinder G* which is screwed into the knuckle G.
The joint between G and G* is provided with a long and fine screw thread so as to
make the connection rigid and at the same time allow of sufficient vertical movement
to effect the desired adjustment. In the interior of the pot or cylinder G* there are
arranged a number of vertical channels G1, G2, G3, G4. These channels are interrupted
at one point G at which point the bore of the cylinder is perfectly circular. The
pot or cylinder G* is provided at the bottom with a projection G which is screw
threaded for a portion of its length and has a square or capstan head for convenience
of turning.
Around the parts G and G* is placed a cover or shell X serving to cover the joint
and at the same time, by means of the look nut G preventing the turning of the
cylinder G* and consequent alteration of adjustment. Over the upper knuckle D
there is also a shell or cover (not shown in the drawings) serving to exclude dust
from the inclined grooves E. E¹. This cover is removeable for convenience of
lubrication.
When the device is used as a combined spring hinge and door check, the

page_text: Knuckle D on the opening of the door will effect the raising of the piston head I
and the compression of the spring H. The oil or other liquid contained in the cylinder
will pass downwards through the channels G1, G2, G3, G4, and through the passages
in the piston head, open the valve and fill the space below the raised piston head, being
forced down by atmospheric pressure to fill the vacuum. On releasing the door, the
expansion of the spring will tend to close the door, forcing the piston downwards.
The downward course of the piston will be uninterrupted and rapid as long as the
piston head is passing the upper channels G1, G2, G3, G4, in the pot or cylinder (*
but when the piston head has reached the place C³ where the channels are interrupted
the rapid downward movement is checked the piston being only allowed to descend
slowly by the gradual oozing of the liquid between it and the cylinder either owing
to a slight mechanical play existing between the two or through narrow passages
especially provided or by preventing the complete closure of the valve by screws or by
cutting a notch in the edge of the piston head. The piston head being thus allowed
to descend slowly the door is thus softly closed. When the piston head has passed the
point G³ the liquid will be allowed to pass through the lower channels G1, G, G³, G+,
and thus the piston head will be released and a quick movement will be again allowed.
The screw joint between the knuckle G and the pot or cylinder G* will allow of an
adjustment so as to close the door more or less softly or allow it to acquire a little
momentum at the moment of latching.
If the pot G✶ is lowered so that, in the downward movement of the piston head the
latter does not descend below the point G, so that there is no release, the door will
be closed very softly. If the pot or cylinder G* is screwed up so that the piston head
passes the point G³, say when the door lacks a few inches of closing, the piston being
released the door will be enabled to acquire some momentum and will then overcome
the resistance of a strong latch. The mechanism can thus be adjusted to suis, the
special circumstances of cach door as to size, strength of latch, or the draught of air.
The hinge may be made to act as a common hinge, without any action of either the
spring or check, by means of the screw V or dog U¹ as before explained: By using
the screw V and by forming a V shaped groove around the ring Q, as shown at
Figures 17, 18 and 21 another advantage may be obtained. By allowing the screw V
to project only just enough to engage in the V shaped groove at the same time that
the hinge is permitted to turn freely, through the spring not being brought into com-
pression, the two parts are prevented from coming apart. This feature is very useful
when fitting the hinge on the door.
It will be apparent from the foregoing description that the simple forms of device
illustrated and described by me, can be used simply as a hinge and check omitting
the spring, any desirable form of door closing spring being employed; that the
convertible forms of the device can, at will, be used simply as a hinge; that the form
of device illustrated in Figure 4 may be used as a spring hinge by a slight change
and when used as a spring hinge is especially adapted for locations where a vertical
movement of the door is undesirable. I would here remark that I am aware that a
combined door check and hinge has been previously proposed, and I make no claim at
largo to such combination.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The herein described combined spring hinge and door check illustrated in
Figures 1 and 2.
2. The herein described convertible combined spring hinge and door check
illustrated in Figures 8, 9, 10, 11 and 11ª.
3. The herein described convertible spring hinge and door check illustrated in
Figures 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21.
4. The herein described combined spring hinge and door check illustrated in
Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7.

page_text: with independent springs shown in that Figure.
6. The combination in a spring hinge and door check, of hinge leaves, hollow
knuckles carried thereby, one of said nuckles or an attachment to or extension thereof
serving as a cylinder in the operation of checking, a pintle combining said hinge leaves
one end of which is provided with a head operating within the knuckle forming the
cylinder suid end of the pintle forming the piston of said cylinder, a cushion, whether
gaseous or liquid within said cylinder, a spring compressed by the opening of the
door whether said spring is within the hinge knuckles or outside thereof, and projections
and slots on said pintle and knuckles respectively for moving the pintle in its cylinders
without carrying either of the hinge leaves with it, substantially as set forth.
7. The combination in a convertible spring hinge and door check of hinge leaves,
hollow knuckles carried thereby, a ring interposed between said knuckles free to turn in
relation thereto, a tooth supported from one of said knuckles operative to lock said
ring from turning, a pintle squared or otherwise angularly formed combining said
knuckles and ring, and passing through a correspondingly shaped hole in said ring
whereby when said ring is locked, the rotation of the pintle is prevented, but when
said ring is unlocked the rotation of the pintle is permitted, the device then acting
as a simple hinge, a head carried by said pintle, operating in one of the knuckles or
an attachment to or extension thereof, whereby the pintle and knuckle become the
cylinder and piston of the checking mechanism, a cushion, whether gaseous or liquid
within said cylinder, a spring compressed by the opening of the door, whether said
spring is within the hinge knuckles or outside thereof, and projections and slots on
said pintle and knuckles respectively for moving the pintle in its cylinder, substantially
as set forth.
8. In a convertible combined spring hinge and door check, the combination of a
pintle, means for reciprocating the pintle and means for throwing the reciprocating
mechanism out of action.
9. The combination in the same device of a spring hinge and door check, leaves
adapting the combined device to be attached and used as an ordinary hinge in the
hanging of a door, a pintle combining the hinge leaves adapted to reciprocate relatively
to both hinge leaves, straight slots in one of the hinge knuckles, projections from the
pintle engaging with said slots, curvilinear slots in another of the hinge knuckles,
projections from the pintle engaging with said curvilinear slots, a head on said pintle
acting as the piston of a dash pot formed by an extension on the lower hinge knuckle,
substantially as set forth.
10. The combination in the same device of a spring hinge and door check, leaves
adapting the combined device to be attached and used as an ordinary hinge in the
hanging of a door, a pintle adapted to reciprocate relatively to both hinge leaves
angularly formed for a portion of its length and working through a correspondingly
angular hole in one of the hinge knuckles or in an attachment thereof, curvilinear
slots on the other hinge knuckle, projections from said pintle engaging with said slots,
a head on said pintle acting as the piston of a dash pot formed by an addition to
or extension of the lower hinge knuckle, substantially as set forth.
11. In a combined hinge and door check the combination of a cylinder, a piston
head fitting said cylinder snugly, two sets of passages or channels in the walls of said
cylinder permitting the free flow of fluid past the piston and having between them a
portion of said cylinder devoid of passages, whereby the free flow of fluid past the
piston head at this portion is prevented.
12. In a combined hinge and door check the combination of a piston, a cylinder
adapted to check the free flow of fluid past the piston for one portion of said cylinder,
but allowing free passage of fluid past the piston in the remainder of said cylinder, and
means for changing the relative position of the checking point with reference to the
piston substantially as set forth.
13. In a convertible spring hinge and door check the combination with the pintle
angularly formed for a portion of its length of a piece having a correspondingly

page_text: angularly shaped hole through which said pintle passes, a screw or dog adapted to
engage and lock said piece and to disengage it, allowing said piece to turn substantially
as set forth.
14. In a convertible spring hinge and door check the combination of a piece through
which the pintle can reciprocate without turning relatively to said piece and a screw
or dog adapted to either prevent said piece from turning or to allow said piece to
turn but not to be lifted, or to allow said piece to be entirely disengaged and enable
it to be withdrawn substantially as set forth."
15. In a hinge and door check the combination of a piston, a cylinder adapted to
check the free flow of fluid past the piston for one portion of said cylinder but
allowing free passage of fluid past the piston in the remainder of said cylinder,
means of changing the relative position of piston and cylinder, and means for
locking the cylinder in the desired position substantially as set forth.
my 1000
B. J. B. MILLS.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.