CERTAIN NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR RUBBING TYPE
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Pavyer at the Office.
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th June
1860. A communication from abroad by James Gabriel Pavyer, of Saint
Louis, United States.
I, BENJAMIN PAVYER, of Bartholomew Close, in the City of London, Type-
founder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN
NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR RUBBING TYPE," (communicated to me' from
abroad by James Gabriel Pavyer, of Saint Louis, United States,) to be as
follows:-
The object of this Invention is to remove from type the "burrs" or pro-
jections left on them after casting, and consists in the employment of endless
belts or their equivalents in conjunction with stones or other substances, and
in connecting together the frames which carry the stones by means of yielding
joints or connections, in order that type of varying sizes may pass between' the'
endless belts and the stones. The machinery for effecting this is constructed'
in the following manner :-The frame of the machine is made in two distinct
parts, the inner surfaces of which are made plane and are united to each other
by studs and screws, so as to leave a space between them to receive the other'
parts which form the machine. The frame just mentioned is fixed upon a bed'
plate at or about midway between the front and back end of the frame; a'
stone is inserted wide enough to fill the space between its two sides. This
stone is secured by means of a screw, which acts against a mietal plate so

page_text: fixed in the frame as to bear against the stone.
The opposite end of the said
stone presses against another plate fixed in the frame to receive it. A screw
passes through a stationary rib so as to jam and hold the stone between the
two plates. At the front end of the stone, and flush with its upper surface, an
endless apron is arranged over and around a pair of rollers. The upper part
of this apron is supported by a rib of wood or metal fixed in the frame for
that
purpose, and it is drawn tight over the rollers by means of a stretching
roller fixed in sliding journal boxes, which are acted on by a screw in con-
nection with a cross rod, whereby the said journal boxes are united and by
which they are moved up and down. At the back end of this stone another
endless apron is passed round rollers as before, the upper part of which apron
is supported by a series of small rollers. The apron is drawn tight and is kept
in a state of tension in a similar manner to the apron before described. Upon
the top of the main frame there is a second frame constructed in a manner similar
to the main frame to which it is hinged, in order that it may be raised up or
shut down close upon the bottom frame. In one end of this binged frame
another stone is fixed by means of a screw and clamp in substantially the same
manner as the former stone is secured in the main frame. An endless apron
is fitted to the front end of the hinged frame similar to that just described.
The lower surface of this apron is kept on a line with the surface of the
two stones by means of a series of small rollers, and it is drawn tight over the
rollers by a stretcher consisting of a roller, screw, and cross bar, arranged and
operated substantially in the same way as the stretchers which regulate the
tension of the belts or aprons before described. The hinged frame is secured
to the stationary frame by means of yielding connections at that part where
the joint is made. According to one arrangement these connectons consist of
rods, the upper ends of which are made flat with an eye in them to receive pins,
which form the connection, upon each of the said rods a screwed collar is placed
having a groove cut around it to receive the ends of the cross head, which
extends from one of the said rods to the other. Under each of these screwed
collars and around the rods a spiral spring is placed, which rests in the lower
part of a recess and these are joined by means of a cross tail or bar through
which a rod passes carrying a spiral spring, against which a thumb nut is made
to act for the purpose of supporting the spring and regulating its force. Both
of the connections are similar in construction, and they or others acting in a
similar manner are intended to allow the hinged frame to yield, in order that
space may be afforded for a small body or type to pass between it and the
lower frame. A hopper or receiver is provided for receiving the type to be
passed through the machine. The said hopper or receiver has a jogging

page_text: motion imparted to it by any suitable arrangement of apparatus in order to
shake the type down upon the first-mentioned belt or apron. To enable the
type to enter the apron in a parallel line, the receiver or hopper is divided by
ribs and to prevent one type from entering the machine on the top of another
a gauge is fixed to the cross rib, so as to reach down between the ribs which
divide the hopper into sections, and close up the passage way in such manner
that only one type can pass through at a time. The ribs are fixed to a head-
piece so that they may be taken out and changed whenever it may be
necessary. The type which is placed in the receiver or hopper is removed by
the first-mentioned belt or apron, which carries it on to the lower stone, over
which it is drawn by the friction of the belt or apron attached to the hinged
frame, which action removes the burr from one side of it. The type is then
carried forward by the second-mentioned endless apron or belt beneath the
upper stone, which removes the burr from the other side of it, and the type is
discharged out of the back end of the machine. The yielding nature of the
connections allows type of varying sizes to pass between the stones and belts
when the hinged frame is down and secured. The machine is driven by the
application of power to a fly wheel or crank, upon the shaft of which a cog
wheel is fixed, which takes into a pinion and imparts motion to the first belt;
the same pinion also gives motion to the belt on the hinged frame, by gearing
into another pinion on the roller over which the said belt is stretched. The
second mentioned belt is put in motion through cog wheels, which receive
their motion from a wheel on the main shaft, and which also take into a pinion
on the shaft over which the said belt is stretched.