IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR FINISHING PRINTED SHEETS OF PAPER.”
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Farmer, of Salford, in the County of
Lancaster, Machine Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINES FOR FINISHING PRINTED SHEETS OF PAPER.”
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Farmer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th February 1874.
I, JAMES FARMER, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Machine
5 Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for “Im-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR FINISHING PRINTED SHEETS OF PAPER," to be as
follows:-
:
My Invention relates to improvements applicable to that machine
or similar machine for which Letters Patent were granted to James
Morris, May 27th 1868, No. 1746, and 7th of June 1872, No. 1728.

page_text: The first improvement consists in a method of driving the rollers
which clean those between which the printed sheets pass. For this
purpose I provide the axis of the latter with toothed wheels taking
into others of smaller diameter upon the axes of the cleaning rollers,
which are by these means caused to run at a higher surface speed than t
those between which the printed sheets pass.
Secondly. I apply reciprocating brushes to the cleaning rollers, and
adopt a peculiar method of applying whitening or other such matter
thereto. For this purpose I connect the brushes to troughs which hold
the powdered material, the said troughs having perforations for con- 1
veying the powder to the bristles, and this arrangement I also apply to
rotatory brushes.
Thirdly. After the printed sheets have been carried forward by the
rollers between which they pass, I submit them to the action of rotatory
brushes or equivalent apparatus to prevent them from curling. As these 1
brushes must not act on the printed parts I mount them so as to be
capable of adjustment on their axes as to their distance apart, and for
this purpose I form the said axes as screws, and adopt any ordinary
appliance for securing the said adjustment.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, 20
filed by the said James Farmer in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 20th August 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
FARMER, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker,
send greeting.
25
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent bearing date the Twentieth day of February One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors give and grant
unto me, the said James Farmer, Her special license that I, the said 30
James Farmer, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said James Farmer, my executors, administrators,

page_text: means. At 4, 4, 4, 4, and 5, 5, 5%, 5%, are the cleaning rollers
which I prefer to make of rings of flannel strung and pressed on to
shafts 6, 7. These shafts are mounted in bearings which are situate
in brackets extending from the end frames, and the said bearings are
adjustable by screws 10, 11, so that the pressure of the rollers may be 5
regulated. At 12 is the main driving shaft on which there is a pinion
13 taking into a wheel 14 on the axis of the callender cylinder 3 which
is thus driven, and the two callender cylinders are geared together by
wheels 15, 16. Upon the cylinder 2 is a wheel 17 which gears into
pinions 18 on the axes of the cleaning rollers 4, 4*, 4, 4º,
and upon 1
the axes of the other callender cylinder 3 is a wheel 19 which drives
pinions 20 on the axes of the rollers 5, 5º, 5º, 5º, and it will thus bo
seen that the two sets of cleaning rollers are driven from their respective
callender cylinders and at a greater speed.
The method of brushing the cleaning rollers, and of supplying 1
whitening thereto is shewn in the Figs. above referred to, and in the
detached views Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6.
As the description of the parts relating to one roller will answer
for all I refer only to one of them, say that shewn at 5. At 21 is a
bracket (one on each side of the machine) formed with guides for the 2
reception of a block 22 which is capable of being raised or lowered by
means of the screw 23. Within this block there slides freely a part 24
projecting from a box 25 extending across the machine. The under
part of the box. 25 is formed with perforations 26, and to it is attached
a brush 27, the board of which also has perforations 28. Upon the 2
part 24 is mounted a bowl 30 situate within a grooved cam 31 mounted
on the axis of the cleaning roller 5. By this arrangement as the parts
above described are driven the box 25 and brush 27 will be caused to
perform a reciprocating motion, the latter being in contact with the
roller 5, and whitening or other such substance being placed in the 3
said box will be shook through the perforations 26, 28, and delivered
direct to the bristles, their degree of pressure on the roller being capable
of regulation by means of the screw (one at each side) 23. This part
of my Invention, that is, the method of conveying the whitening, is
shewn as applied to two only of each set of rollers, but it may be adapted 3
to a greater number.

page_text: In reference to the other rollers there are reciprocating brushes
adapted thereto, but as the arrangement is precisely the same as that
already described, with the exception of the application of whitening,
the brackets only are shown. This part of my Invention, that is, the
distribution of whitening, may be applied to rotatory brushes by placing
the bristles on hollow cylinders provided with perforations on their
circumference, and the whitening may be supplied through hollow axes.
The next part of my Invention is shewn at Figs. 1 and 2, and also
at the detached views Figs. 7 and 8. At 40, 41, are two screwed
shafts mounted in bearings carried by the end framing, and upon
those screws are blocks 42 formed as nuts, so that each one is capablo
of being traversed to any situation, and of being confined there by
sct screws 43. Upon the blocks 42 are placed bristles 44 disposed
in a spiral form. Upon the shafts 40, 41, are pinions 45, 46, driven
respectively by the wheels 17, 19, before mentioned. The feed tablo
is at 47 having tapes thereon which pass over rollers 48, 49, the former
of which is driven by the wheel 17, and the printed sheets being thus
delivered to the cylinders are finished in the manner well known, and
as they are discharged they are prevented from curling upon the surfaces
of the cylinders by the revolution of the brushes 44, and are then
delivered to tapes 50 passing over rollers 51, 52, the former of which
is driven by a strap 53.
The blocks 42 may be set at the required distances apart to operate
upon the margins only of the printed sheets, but in practice it is found
that such a disposition is not absolutely required.
The machine is encased as usual, and a fan is employed to clear away
the dust.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said In-
vention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I
desire it to be understood that I claim as secured to me under the
above in part recited Letters Patent, and for the purpose above set
forth.
Firstly. The method of driving the cleaning rollers.
Secondly. Conveying whitening or other such matter to the bristles
of the brushes through perforations formed therein.

page_text: Thiraly. The use or revolving brushes or their equivalents as unus.
trated at 44, also the method of adjusting the said brushes upon their
shafts.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Farmer, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of August, in the year of 5
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
snaits.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Farmer, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of August, in the year of 5
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and soventy-four.