IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Smith, jr., at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st October 1880.
WILLIAM SMITH, the younger, of Barnard Castle, in the County of Durham.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES."
My Invention relates to that form of stove in which the flame and products of
combustion are made to pass round and circulate among tubes, through which air
passes and becomes heated in its passage.
In order to carry out my Invention take two or more vertical perforated
parallel plates of any suitable material, but preferably of cast or wrought iron,
arranged at a suitable distance apart, the perforations or holes in the plates having
a diameter to fit the tubes, used as hereinafter described.
These plates are formed in the shape which it is required that the upper part
of the stove should have in end view, and in the perforations described I fit tubes
of the desired length, arranged in a horizontal or preferably somewhat inclined
position, and I surround the tubes with a case of sheet iron or other material,
such case being formed of the shape of the stove, preferably extending down to a
short distance from each side of the bottom of the stove.
Between the perforated plates described and underneath the tubes I fix a fire
grate of any suitable shape or form by which the stove is heated when desired.
At one end of the tubes outside the perforated plate I arrange an air chamber
or receptacle round the ends of the tubes described, such air chamber communicating
with a flue or chimney, by which a current of air is caused to flow into the building
to be heated.
The smoke, gases, and other products of combustion are carried away by a
suitable chimney arranged in any convenient position in the upper part of the
apparatus.

page_text: The action of the apparatus described is as follows:-A fire having been lighted
in the grate described the flames and smoke circulate among the tubes, and causing
the air in them to become heated; the air thus heated passes into the receptacle
or chamber at the end of the tubes and into the fluc, and thence into the building
or other place to be heated.
An ornamental perforated plate may be fixed outside the ends of the tubes
at the front of the stove, and adjustable dampers may be arranged where
necessary.
Stoves constructed according to my Invention are simple, cheap, and effective,
giving a greater amount of heat for the same quantity of fuel than has ordinarily
heretofore been the case.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Smith, jr., in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 1st April
1881.
"
WILLIAM SMITH, the younger, of Barnard Castle, in the County of Durham.
'IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES."
My Invention relates to that form of stove in which the flame and products of
combustion are made to pass round and circulate outside a series of tubes, through
which air is allowed to pass, such air becoming heated in its passage, and being
then admitted into the room, building, or other place which it is desired to heat.
In order to put my Invention in operation I take two or more vertical parallel
plates of any suitable material, but preferably cast or wrought iron, arranged at a
convenient distance apart, and having their upper parts perforated with a series of
holes, into which tubes are fitted of the desired length, and arranged in a horizontal
or preferably slightly inclined position. The parallel plates which carry the tubes
are made of the shape which it is desired that the stove should have in end view,
and the tubes are surrounded with a casing of sheet iron or other material which
unites the perforated plates, and the sides of which preferably descend to a short
distance from the bottom of the stove.
Between the perforated plates and below the tubes I arrange in the space formed
by the end plates and outer casing a fireplace of any convenient shape, by which
the stove is heated when desired. A suitable fire door is provided, and I prefer to
arrange above the firegrate sides inclining outward of iron, firebrick, or other
material capable of withstanding the heat.
At the outer end of the stove I fix an air chamber or receptacle surrounding the
ends of the tubes, and having one or more flues rising to the room, building, or
other place which is to be heated, and in any convenient position in the upper
part of the stove I make a chimney by which the smoke and products of combustion
are conveyed away, adjustable dampers being arranged where necessary.
The accompanying Drawing is in illustration of iny Invention. Figure 1 is a
longitudinal section, and Figure 2 is a front end view of the stove; Figure 3 is a
perspective view. a, a, are parallel vertical plates having perforations at their
upper parts, into which are fitted the ends of the tubes b, b, b.
An outer casing c is fitted round the tubes and connects the plates a, a¹, together,
its sides descending nearly or quite to the floor or base plate d, upon which the
stove stands; e is a fireplace shewn with sloping sides f, and having the grate g
and the firedoor h. An opening is shewn at i which communicates with a chimney,
and is preferably provided with a damper (not shewn in the Drawing). is an air
chamber or receptacle surrounding the ends of the tubes b, and having the flue l,
which may be provided with a damper, and through which the heated air rises to
the place to be warmed. In Figure 1 a casing m is shewn surrounding the front
ends of the tubes, and provided with an opening at n through which the air to be
warmed is admitted to the stove, and which may also be provided with a
damper.
Or instead of the casing m the front ends of the tubes may be left open, or they
may be covered by an ornamental perforated plate.
The action of the heating stove constructed and arranged as described is as
follows: A fire having been lighted in the fireplace e the flame and smoke circulate
between and round the tubes b, b, b, and heat the air, which entering them at their
front ends passes through them and escapes at the other ends into the chamber k,
and thence ascends through the flue to the place to be warmed. The smoke and
products of combustion after heating the tubes b, b, b, escape through the
chimney i.

page_text: Stoves constructed according to my Invention, in the manner herein before
described and shewn, are simple, cheap, and effective, giving a greater amount of
heat in proportion to the fuel used than has heretofore ordinarily been the case.
Having now described my Invention, and the manner in which it is to be
performed, I claim,—
First. In heating stoves the combination of the perforated end plates with the
air tubes arranged horizontally or inclined, substantially as and for the purpose
described and shewn.
f
Second. In combination with the perforated end plates and the tubes so arranged,
the air chamber surrounding the back ends of the tubes and the flue commu-
nicating with the place to be warmed, substantially as described and shewn.
Third. The general arrangement of the apparatus, substantially as described and
shewn.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Smith, the younger, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this 25th day of March, in the year of our Lord
7001