Improvements in Moulds for Casting Chains and other Articles.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Feb., 1887.
Specification Accepted, 8th Mar., 1887.
1.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Moulds for Casting Chains and other Articles.
We WILLIAM GIBSON of 8 Gladstone Terrace Gateshead on Tyne Solicitor
WILLIAM PENMAN of No 2 Bensham Road Gateshead on Tyne in the County of
Durham Property Owner and LANCELOT TULIP PENMAN of 11 Gladstone Terrace
Gateshead-on-Tyne Butcher do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This Invention has for its object to provide improved moulds for casting chains and
other metal articles by the use of which the cracking of the castings during contraction
in the moulds is prevented. According to this Invention the mould is formed in sections
the contiguous ends or surfaces of which sections are inclined or made to slope instead
of being perpendicular or at right angles to the contiguous surfaces of the said sections
and a wedge or wedges or its or their equivalents is or are used for supporting the
sections of the mould at their inner ends when fitted in position to receive the molten
metal but capable of being readily loosened or removed so as to release the sections
to admit of their yielding to the contraction of the casting. We will describe this
invention with reference to the accompanying drawings which illustrate a mould con-
structed according to this invention for casting chains from which it will be readily
understood how the invention may be applied to moulds for casting other articles.
Figure 1 is a transverse vertical section of the mould fixed in position for receiving
the molten metal and Figure 2 is a plan of the lower portion of the same. Figure 3
is a perspective view shewing diagrammatically the form of the contact surfaces between
the sections of the mould.
The mould is divided horizontally into two parts A B each of which is subdivided
in an upward and downward direction into four smaller parts or sections numbered
respectively 1. 2. 3. 4 and 5. 6. 7. 8. In building up the mould for the reception of
the molten metal the lower parts or sections 1. 2. 3. 4 are placed in position between
projections a¹ a² and formed on the base plate C and on these lower parts are placed
the upper parts or sections 5. 6. 7. 8 the whole thus constituting the mould one side of
which bears against the projections a' a² whilst between the opposite side thereof and
the projection b are driven the wedges D to secure the mould in place on the base

page_text: plate The bottom sections of the mould are supported at their outer ends by pro-
jections dd on the base plate C whilst their inner contiguous ends are supported by a
taper key or wedge E the under surface of which bears upon an inclined plane e
formed on the base C. The gate F may form parts of such of the bottom and top
sections of the mould as may be most convenient. The mould being fixed in position
on the base plate as described the molten metal is poured in at the gate F until the
mould is filled immediately after which the wedge E which supports the centre portion
of the mould and the wedges D D which keep the upper and lower sections in position
are released or knocked out, so that the sections of the mould may be free to move in
order to permit of the free contraction of the metal in cooling. The formation of the
contact surfaces between the sections of which the mould is composed is arranged so
as to facilitate such movement as will be clearly seen by reference to Figure 3 the four
lower sections 1. 2. 3 and 4 being separated horizontally from the corresponding upper
sections 5. 6. 7 and 8 whilst the contiguous surfaces of the section 1. 2. 5. 6 and
3. 4. 7 and 8 are double inclined that is to say they incline in both directions towards
the upper and lower surfaces from the line of division between the upper and lower
parts A and B of the mould the contact surfaces of the sections 1. 2. 5 and 6 forming
a slight angle thereto and the opposing surfaces of the sections 3. 4. 7 and 8 forming
a corresponding reverse angle to the said division line thereby ensuring close contact
between the sections when fixed in position.
By constructing the sections with inclined or sloping contact or opposed surfaces as
described when the wedges D D and E are released after the mould is charged with
molten metal the lower sections 1. 2. 3. 4 will drop for want of support thereby
slackening the upper sections 5. 6. 7. 8 and thus admit of the casting contracting
without liability to crack.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is.―
1st. Moulds for casting chains and other articles composed of sections having
inclined or sloping edges or opposed surfaces substantially as and for the purpose
herein before described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
2nd. In moulds for casting chains and other articles the combination with the
sections having inclined or sloping edges or opposed surfaces of the wedge E or its
equivalent for supporting the sections and of the wedges D D for holding them in
position all such wedges being capable of being readily released or removed substan-
tially as and for the purpose herein before described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
3rd. The general construction combination and arrangement of parts constituting a
mould for casting chains or other articles substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated by the accompanying drawings.