Improvements in Surface Water Gulleys.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Feb., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 10th May, 1893-Accepted, 24th June, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Surface Water Gulleys.
I, LORENZO WILLIAM CROSTA of 6 Park Avenue West Bridgford Nottingham
Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of my invention is an improvement in surface gullies for streets yards,
urinals & the like, whereby obnoxious sewer gases may be effectually trapped and
prevented from escaping through the gullies.
Provision also being made for raising or lowering the grate to different levels after
gullies are fixed.
Also provision for clearing the trap drains & connections from obstructions
without taking up the street or removing the gulley.
To do this I construct my gully in the following manner. -The gulley (which may
be any desired shape) has a partition formed across any desired height or width
to form a small division out of which the outlet is formed with a dip of sufficient
depth to form a trap; or the gulley may be formed without the partition in.
A bell or bonnet is formed on the inside margin of the grate, or made separate
from the grate, & reduced to any desired area larger than the outlet at the bottom,
& projecting into the larger portion of the gulley a sufficient distance below the
partition or outlet to form a second trap.
To raise or lower the grate to different levels a deeper recess is formed at the top
of the gulley with hit & miss distance pieces into which a loose frame with hit and.
miss distance pieces is inserted, the frame resting on the bottom of the recess when
fixed one way & resting on the distance pieces when reversed:
A screw plug or the like is inserted in the bend of the outlet for clearing out the
bend, drain or connections.
A loose dirt pan may be used if desired, & the gullies may be made in either cast
iron earthenware or any other suitable material.
Dated this 21st day of February 1893.
LORENZO WILLIAM CROSTA.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Surface Water Gulleys.
I, LORENZO WILLIAM CROSTA, of 6 Park Avenue, West Bridgford, Nottingham,
Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :—
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of surface water
gulleys for streets, yards, urinals, and the like, whereby noxious gases may be
effectually trapped and prevented from escaping through the gulleys.
In carrying out my invention, the gulley proper or body (which may be of any
desired shape, and is self-contained) is provided with a vertical partition extending
to any convenient height and dividing the gulley into two compartments of unequal
capacity, the smaller of which communicates with the outlet through a bend or dip-
pipe or tube of sufficient length to form a trap. But if preferred the gulley may
be made without the partition. A bell or bonnet is formed on the underside of the
grate (or may be made separate therefrom) which is reduced at the bottom of the
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page_text: bell or bonnet to any desired area larger than the outlet of the gulley, and projecting
far enough into the larger compartment of the gulley to come below the partition,
or the outlet, and so form a second trap or seal, or, in the event of there being no
partition, carried down to the level of the mouth of the dip-pipe or tube.
Provision is also made for enabling the grate of the gulley to be raised or
lowered to different levels, after the gulley is fixed in place. And provision is
also made for permitting the trap, drains, and connections to be cleared of
obstructions without the necessity of taking up the street, or removing the gulley.
And in order that my invention may be readily understood I will describe the
same fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section, Fig. 2 a plan, and Fig. 3 a side elevation
showing a self-contained surface water gulley constructed in accordance with my
invention.
Figs. 4 and 5 are sectional views showing a surface water gulley in which the
grate can be set in either a raised or a lowered position; Fig. 4 showing it in its
lowered position, and Fig. 5 in its raised position.
Fig. 6 is an elevation, and Fig. an underside view, of a loose frame used with
the gulley shown in Figs. 4 and 5, and hereinafter more fully referred to.
Fig. 8 is a longitudinal section and Fig. 9 a part sectional side elevation of a
gulley with renewable grate-frame.
Fig. 10 is a longitudinal section and Fig. 11 a side elevation of a gulley without
a partition.
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a is the gulley proper or body, which may be made in cast iron, earthenware, or
any other suitable material, and of any desired dimensions to suit circumstances,
having within it a vertical partition a¹ extending from the bottom and so arranged
as to divide the gulley into two compartments or chambers and c communicating
with each other at the top. The compartment b is provided with an outlet b',
which, on the inside, is formed with a bend or dip carried a sufficient distance
below the level of the bottom of the outlet to form a trap, so that when water, or
other liquid, is in the gulley, an effectual trap will be formed. d is the bell or
bonnet which, in the constructions shown by the drawings, is made in one piece with
the grated, but, in some cases, it may be found more convenient to form it
separately from the grate, and when so formed, it may be provided with flanges
capable of resting upon other flanges formed for their reception upon the inside of
the gulley. Or the bell may be rivetted, or attached, in any other way to the grate
or gulley. This bell or bonnet is reduced in area at its lower or inner part, and is
so shaped that when the grate is in place upon the gulley, any dirt or grit,
or other
solid matter, will be directed into the larger compartment c, wherein it will settle,
while the water, or other liquid, will flow over the partition a¹ and enter the other
compartment ; sedimentary matter will thus be prevented from entering and
choking the smaller compartment. Moreover, by reason of the shape of the bell or
bonnet, the surface of the water, or other liquid, exposed to the atmosphere is
greatly reduced.
If desired, a removable dirt pan may be placed within the compartment for the
reception of the solid or sedimentary matter directed into the compartment by the
bell or bonnet.
The extent to which this bell or bonnet projects into the larger compartment is
such that it comes below the level of the top of the partition a¹ and dips into the
water, or other liquid, in the compartment c, thereby constituting a second water
trap. It will thus be seen that, when the gulley is in use, the escape of sewer or
other noxious gases is doubly checked, a trap being produced between the two
compartments b, c, as well as between the smaller compartment and its outlet.
Furthermore, this last mentioned trap will also act to prevent the escape of noxious
gas while, and after, the gulleys are cleaned out, for although the liquid and
sediment may be removed from the compartment c, there will still remain sufficient
liquid in the compartment 6 to form a trap, and, in this way, the necessity for a
water-cart to supply water for re-trapping is avoided.

page_text: When the gulley is constructed without a partition, as shown in Figs. 10 and 11,
the bell or bonnet d extends to the level of the mouth or bottom of the dip-pipe or
bend. These gulleys would be used in situations where small initial cost is an
object, and where they would not require to be frequently cleared out, as it.is
obvious that gulleys constructed in this manner would require water to be put into
them after being cleaned out (which is not the case when the partition is employed),
and also that noxious gases might escape during the cleaning operation. In this
arrangement the gulley consists of only one compartment c³ (Fig. 10).
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The upper part of the bend 6 is provided with an orifice, closed by a screw
plug 6, or the like, which can be readily removed, so as to permit of the insertion
of a cane, or other suitable instrument through said orifice when it is required to
clear the trap, drain, or connection from obstructions, thereby avoiding the
necessity of taking up the street, road, or yard, as is now usual.
In order that the grate of the gulley may be raised or lowered to suit different
heights, so that it can easily be brought on a level with the roadway after the
gulley has been fixed in place, and without having to raise the whole gulley, as is
now usual, I employ the arrangement shown in Figs. 4 to 7, wherein the upper part
of the gulley is enlarged so as to form a socket or seating e for the reception of a
movable frame having hit-and-miss pieces or projections, and recesses", around
the lower side of its margin. The socket or seating is also provided with hit-and-
miss projections e¹, and recesses e, similar to those on the movable frame f, so that
when said frame is placed upon its seating in the gulley, in one direction, the hit-
and-iniss pieces will coincide, and will consequently keep the grate in its raised
position, but will break joint when the frame is turned round, end for end, and thus
allow the grate to occupy its lowered position.
The gulley, as will be seen on reference to Figs. 1 and 2, is made to slightly
taper from top to bottom, the side thereof which comes near the kerb being made
straight so as to avoid having to cut out the stonework when the kerbs are very
thick. It is also found advantageous to round the corners at the bottom of the
gulley for the purpose of obtaining, when made in cast iron, a stronger casting and
a gulley more readily cleaned out.
9
In main streets, or where the surface of the grate and frame of the gulley are
subject to much wear, I preferably construct my improved gulley, as shown in
Figs. 8 and 9, that is to say with the upper part or grate frame
made separate
from the body of the gulley, and fixed in position in the body of the gulley by
cement, or otherwise. By this arrangement, the upper part may be renewed, when
worn, without disturbing the lower part of the gulley. I would here remark that
when the partition a' is employed, it will be found advantageous that its height
should be such as to come on a level with the top, or nearly so, of the outlet or dip-
tube, so that sediment may be retained in the larger compartment up to the height
of the partition, and thus the gulley will not require to be cleaned out so often as
do ordinary gulleys.
A further advantage arising out of my construction of gulley is that no concrete
is necessary for fixing it, nor any brick seating for the grate and its frame, and
therefore a considerable saving is effected in both labour and expense, and further-
more, the gulley may be used immediately after being fixed, without waiting a
considerable time for cement in seating to set, as in ordinary gulleys.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A surface water gulley, in which the gulley proper or body is divided into
two compartments, into one of which the surface water, or other liquid, is directed
by means of a bell or bonnet formed in a piece with, or separately from, the grate,
the water or liquid rising in this compartment and overflowing into the other com-
partment whence it escapes through a bend or dip-tube communicating with the
outlet, the said bell or bonnet and dip tube being so arranged as to constitute a

page_text: double trap, substantially as described with reference to Figs. 1 to 9 of the annexed
drawings.
2. In a surface water gulley, the use of a bell or bonnet so constructed and
arranged as to prevent the incoming water, liquid, or sediment, directly entering
the smaller compartment, and also to form a trap between the two compartments,
substantially as described.
3. The modified construction of surface water gulley, in which the partition is
dispensed with, and the bell or bonnet is prolonged so that its outlet is in line with
the dip-tube, or below the outlet, substantially as described and shown with reference
to Figs. 10 and 11 of the annexed drawings.
4. In a surface water gulley, the means for enabling the height of the gulley to
be raised, consisting of a loose frame having hit-and-miss pieces which, when the
position of the frame is reversed, are caused to coincide with corresponding hit-
and-miss pieces on the gulley, substantially as hereinbefore described.
5. In a surface water gulley, the use of a removable upper part or frame for
carrying the grate, together with the bell or bonnet, substantially as described and
shown with reference to Figs. 8 and 9, of the annexed drawings, and for the
purposes set forth.
6. My improvements in surface water gulleys, substantially as described and
illustrated by the annexed drawings.
Dated this 10th day of Max 1902
ERNEST DE PASS,
Chartered Patent Agent,
78, Fleet Street, London, and 6, Victoria Street, Nottingham,
Agent for the Applicant.