IMPROVEMENTS IN ADDARATHS FOR TRANSMITTING POWER OR MOTION
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Edward Whiting, of Victoria Street, in the
City of Westminster, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of." IMPROVEMENTS
IN ADDARATHS FOR TRANSMITTING POWER OR MOTION"
Sealed the 20th December 1867, and dated the 25th June 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Edward, Whiting
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 25th June 1867...
I, JAMES EDWARD WHITING, of Victoria Street, in the City of Westminster,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING POWER OR MOTION," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in extending the use of tension alone for transmitting.
power or motion, and is applicable for forcing as well as lifting pumps, or
for working other machines at a distance. I take two cranks turning.in
journals in the usual manner; one receives motion from the prime mover, the
other is in connection with the work to be done, and may move a third crank
if required and so on. Each of these cranks has three .or other convenient
number of arms, and I connect the arms of one crank with the corresponding
arms of the other by means of tension rods, chains, or ropes.
The chief advantages derived from my Invention are the simplification of.
the rods, chains, or ropes which transmit the motion, and of their guides, the
usual thrust with its consequent friction being removed from each stroke, so:

page_text: that when the power or motion is transmitted in a horizontal or sloping
direction the guides are replaced by swinging supports.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Edward Whiting in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 24th December 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
EDWARD WHITING, of Victoria Street, in the City of Westminster, Civil
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her
reign, did for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said James Edward Whiting, Her special licence that I, the said James
Edward Whiting, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said James Edward Whiting, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING POWER OR MOTION,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said James Edward Whiting,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent..
NOW. KNOW YE, that I, the said James Edward Whiting, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My Invention consists in extending the employment in the manner here-
after described of the use of tension alone for transmitting power or motion,
.and is applicable for double-acting and rotary pumps, and for working other
engines and machines where power or motion is required to be transmitted to
a distance; to this end I provide two similiar and corresponding crank

page_text: systems, each system having three or more cranks with their arms or throws
projecting at right angles to the axis of that system, and so arranged as to
divide the circle which the crank pins or their equivalents describe into equal
parts. I connect the crank pins of one system with the corresponding crank
pins of the other by means of rods, chains, or other appliances capable of
exerting tensile force, taking care to make these connections equal as to effect;
I support these connections (if necessary) at proper intervals by swinging
supports or otherwise, and in some cases I fix the bearings of the crank systems
in moveable frames so as to allow for automatic adjustment by a counterpoise
when the length of the connections is affected by changes of temperature;
having made these arrangements I cause the first crank system to rotate on
its journals by connecting the system with some suitable prime mover; the
power and motion are then at once transmitted to the second system by the
tension of at least one of the connecting rods or chains, and without the necessity
for employing fly wheels to keep up the motion, or weights to draw back the
rods, or for any force of compression to alternate with that of tension for
transmitting motion from one system of cranks to another; when requisite
I connect the second crank system with a third, and so on. These crank
systems will revolve together, and I connect them with shafting to work
machinery, or with the piston rods of pumps, or with rotary pumps or other
work.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood I have accompanied
these Presents by a Sheet of Drawings illustrating the nature and character
of my said Invention, which I will now describe.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
In Fig. 1, A represents the axis of the crank system, which is in direct
connection with the prime mover; P, P; P, represent the crank pins; C, C, C,
the crank arms which are so arranged as to divide the circle into three equal
portions of 120 degrees each; A¹ represents the axis of the second crank system
whose crank arms C¹, C¹, C', correspond to those of the first system; P¹, P¹, P¹,
are the crank pins of the second system. The crank pins of the first system
are connected with the corresponding pin of the second system by the wire
ropes W, W, W; one of the crank pins of the second system is represented
as connected also by a link L to the piston rod R of the double-action pump D.
In Fig. 2, C, C, C, C, represent the four crank arms of a crank system,
which is connected by means of toothed wheels T, T, with a prime mover;
W, W, W, W, are four wire ropes connecting the crank pins of the first
system with those of the second crank system and this system, is connected by

page_text: means of drums D, D, and belting with machinery, as shewn; the four crank
arms of the second system are represented by C¹, C, C, C, and the crank
pins of these are connected by wire ropes Wi, W, W¹, W', with the crank
pins of the third system, whose arms are represented by C", C", C", C".
The wire ropes are represented as passing through guide blocks B, B, B",
and as being supported by swinging supports, denoted by S and S¹, placed a
proper intervals. The frame carrying the bearings in which the journals of
the first crank system turn is hinged at its lower ends, and has its upper
extremity held back by a rope or chain, which is always kept taut by a suitable
counterpoise, represented by K, and this forms the automatic adjustment above
referred to. The frame F" of the intermediate crank system is also hinged;
the frame for the third crank system is represented by F", and this frame
is fixed over the mouth of a mine shaft, as represented. The wire ropes
Wu, W, W", W", in connection with the crank arms C", C", C", C","descend
into the shaft in order to work machinery in the mine.
In Fig. 3, A represents the axis of the first crank system, and is in a
horizontal position, while A¹ is the axis of the second system, and is supported
in a vertical position, and the, wire ropes W', W₁, W', W¹, from the second
system proceed horizontally, but at an angle as shewn in the Drawing, the
blocks B¹ being placed vertically to conduct the ropes to the crank pins of the
second crank system in a suitable manner, as shewn.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I hereby declare
that I claim the improvements in apparatus for transmitting power or motion
by tension alone by means of the crank systems and tension connections herein-
before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Edward Whiting, bave hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
J. E. WHITING. (L.S.).
Witness,
ALEX. P. WRIGHT,
Secretary to the Inventors' Patent Right Association, Limited.
21, Cockspur St.,
Charing Cross.