IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ROOFING, PAVING, AND OTHER TILES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Parson Smith, Brick and Tilo Manu-
facturer, and Henry Goodfellow, Manager, both of Madeley, in
the County of Stafford, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Parson Smith and
Henry Goodfellow at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents
with their Petition, on the 8th March 1875.
We, JOHN PARSON SMITH, Brick and Tile Manufacturer, and HENRY
GOODFELLOW, Manager, both of Madeley, in the County of Stafford,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ROOFING, PAVING, AND OTHER TILES," to be as
follows:-
The object of this Invention is by the means herein-after explained
to improve the manufacture of the several articles named in the title.
:
Our improvements consist substantially in providing an oblong metal
plate, which is intended to be affixed to any drain pipe or brickmaking

page_text: machine or pug mill of ordinary construction, the front of the said
metal plate being lined with a block of wood or other porous material,
and having a surface curved in such manner as to facilitate the intro-
duction of the necessary supply of clay into the mouth-piece with which
the plate is provided. The said plate is also fitted internally with metal
moulds or dies, into and through which the stream of clay is made to
pass, these moulds or dies having rounded apertures, and their internal
ends being also rounded off; this is in order to allow, firstly, the freer
introduction of the supply of clay into the moulds, and then that the
two ends of this stream of clay, which is afterwards to form the tile, and
which is cut off into convenient lengths at pleasure, may without any
subsequent operation be rounded off to the necessary degree, and in this
manner that it may be possible to avoid giving to the tile the ragged
edges which is almost a necessary consequence in the present manner of
tile making.
The two sides of the said moulds or dies may be oblong in shape, but
they are by preference caused to assume the shape of a segment of a
circle.
By the use of our improvements we find skilled labour to bo
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Parson Smith and Henry Goodfellow in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th September 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
PARSON SMITH, Brick and Tile Manufacturer, and HENRY GOODFELLOW,
Manager, both of Madeley, in the County of Stafford, send grecting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said John Parson Smith and Henry Good-
fellow, Her special licence that we, the said John Parson Smith and

page_text: Henry Goodfellow, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said John Parson Smith and Henry Goodfellow, our
cxccutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ROOFING, PAVING, AND OTHER TILES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said John Parson
Smith and Henry Goodfellow, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters

page_text: edges which is almost a necessary consequence in the present manner of
tile making.
The two sides of the said mould or dies may be oblong in shape, but
they are by preference caused to assume the shape of a segment of a
circle.
By the use of our improvements we find skilled labour to be
unnecessary, and the power of production is greatly increased, whilst at
the same time the cost is materially lessened.
That our Invention may be more fully and better understood we have
annexed Drawings thereof, which I now proceed to describe.
Fig. 1 is a plan, Fig. 2 is a front elevation, and Fig. 3 is a vertical
section of an improved front plate for making tiles according to our
Invention.
a is the plate itself, having bolts at b, b, for attachment to the mouth
of an ordinary drain pipe or brickmaking machine or pug mill. The
inside face of the plate, against which tho clay is forced, is that shewn
in Fig. 2. c is a block of wood or other porous material, which is bolted
to the plate a, and is curved as shown in Fig. 3 in order to direct the
clay towards the openings d, d, below it. Into the openings d, d, are
fitted moulds or dies e, e, the apertures of which have rounded ends ƒ, f,
as shewn in Fig. 2, and rounded corners g, g, as shewn in section in
Fig. 3, and as indicated by shading in Fig. 2. The latter facilitate the
entrance of the clay into the dies, and the former prevent the raggedness
of edge which always results when the edge of the stream of clay is
made square.
In order to equalize the friction of the stream of clay within the
mould or die, and to prevent the central portion from advancing faster
than the side portions, which are usually held back by the extra friction
of the ends of the aperture, the delivery end of each mould or die has a
curved shape in plan, as shewn in Fig. 4, whereby the friction at the
centre is made equal to that at the sides of the stream of clay, and tiles
free from cracks, and of uniform density are produced.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the manner
in which the same is or may be carried into effect, we desire it to be
understood that without limiting ourselves to the precise details herein-
before described, as these may be to some extent varied or modified

page_text: without departing from the nature of our said Invention, we claim as
the Invention to be protected by the herein-before in part recited Letters
Patent separately or in combination,―
First. The porous and curved block c applied to the internal surface
of the front plate of a machine for making tiles, substantially as and
for the purpose herein-beforo described and illustrated in the accom-
panying Drawings.
Second. The moulds or dies e having rounded ends and rounded
entrance for the clay, substantially as herein-before described and as
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
Third. The curved shape of the outer ends of the said moulds or dies, as
shewn in Fig. 4, substantially as herein-before described and as illus-
trated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Parson Smith and Henry
Goodfellow, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Third
day of September, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-five.