IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS
Year: 1875

page_text: ...
LETTERS PATENT to William Frederick Lotz, of 19, Carter Lane, ;
London, Lamp Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LAMPS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Frederick
Lotz at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 30th December 1875.
I, WILLIAM FREDERICK LOTZ, of 19, Carter Lane, London, Lamp
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS," to be as follows:-
This Invention of improvements in lamps consists in adapting to
lamps constructed to burn vegetable or mineral oils or even gas certain
valves to regulate the inlet of air, and certain modifications of the outlet
chimney to enable such lamps to burn in strong currents of air with a
steady flame, rendering such lamps suitable for outdoor use, or, as in
India, subject to the strong currents of air caused by the punkah.

page_text: Above the ordinary oil reservoir of a lamp I construct a horizontal
hollow chamber forming on its upper surface a support or base for the
lamp chimney. Between the upper and lower surface the air passes to
the reservoir wick and flame, the outer vertical edge of the chamber
connecting the upper and lower surfaces of the chamber is perforated in
several places, preferably four, for the inlet of the air, and in front of these
perforations are suspended plates of mica or other suitable material.
The part of the vertical edge of the chamber is at these perforations
made slightly inclined from the lower part outwards, so that the sus-
pended mica hangs freely before it in still air, but in currents of air
closes up the perforations; consequently, if in a strong wind the mica
on one side is closed, the one immediately opposite is free to admit the
air, and whatever the direction of the wind one or more of the perfora-
tions are admitting air to the lamp, and the others by which the flame
would be affected are closed.
Besides the ordinary chimney I adapt a large glass globe standing on
the before-described base, and this base is either corrugated to allow the
air to pass into the large globe, and so cause a draught of air between
this and the small one or chimney proper, or the glass itself may bo
perforated.
To the upper part of the chimney and globe I adapt the following
arrangement: The larger aperturo of the large globe supports an air
chamber the size of the aperture of the large globe outlet, and from the
centre of the lower surface of this. chamber a taper cap hangs down over
the mouth of the small ordinary chimney, so that the products of com-
bustion issuing from this chimney and the air between the two glasses
may pass up this cap into the chamber; once there they pass into the
open air by a narrow opening space left by the upper surface of the
chamber and its enclosing curved sides. Surrounding this opening is a
curved shield to deflect impinging currents, and thus protect the flame
from a down current.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Frederick Lotz in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 30th June 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
;FREDERICK LOTZ, of 19, Carter Lane, London, Lamp Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said William Frederick Lotz,
Her special license, that I, the said William Frederick Lotz, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
William Frederick Lotz, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said William Frederick Lotz,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Frederick Lotz, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention of improvements in lamps consists in adapting to
lamps constructed to burn vegetable or mineral oils or even gas certain
valves to regulate the inlet of air, and certain modifications of the outlet
chimney to enable such lamps to burn in strong currents of air with a
steady flame, rendering such lamps suitable for outdoor use, or, as in
India, subject to the strong currents of air caused by the punkah,

page_text: B
Above the ordinary oil reservoir of a lamp I construct a horizontal
hollow chamber forming on its upper surface a support or base for the
lamp chimney. Between the upper and lower surface the air passes to
the reservoir wick and flame. The outer vertical edge of the chamber
connecting the upper and lower surfaces of the chamber is perforated
in several places, preferably four, for the inlet of the air, and in front of
these perforations are suspended plates of mica or other suitable material.
The part of the vertical edge of the chamber is at these perforations
made slightly inclined from the lower part outwards, so that the sus-
pended mica hangs freely before it in still air, but in currents of air
closes up the perforations; consequently, if in a strong wind the mica on
one side is closed, the one immediately opposite is free to admit the air,
and whatever the direction of the wind one or more of the perforations
are admitting air to the lamp, and the others by which the flame would
be affected are closed.
- Besides the ordinary chimney I adapt a large glass globe standing on
the before-described base, and this base is either corrugated to allow the
air to pass into the large globe, and so cause a draught of air between
this and the small one or chimney proper, or the glass itself may be
perforated.
To the upper part of the chimney and globe I adapt the following
arrangement:-The larger aperture of the large globe supports an air
chamber the size of the aperture of the large globe outlet, and from the
centre of the lower surface of this chamber a taper cap hangs down
over the mouth of the small ordinary chimney, so that the products of
combustion issuing from this chimney and the air between the two
glasses may pass up this cap into the chamber. Once there they pass
into the open air by a narrow opening space left by the upper surface of
the chamber, and its enclosing curved sides. Surrounding this opening
is a curved shield to deflect impinging currents, and thus protect the
flame from a down current.
.
I have found that this arrangement of deflecting impinging currents
may be applied to the inlet of air as well as the outlet by simply making
it act horizontally, and in the accompanying Drawings forming part of
this Specification I will describe the several improvements.
Figure 1 is an elevation of the globe and lower and upper fittings, the
same being applicable to any lamp. and burner, using the ordinary
chimney, which is not shown.

page_text: It will be readily understood that the relative different sizes of these
openings act equally in any conditions of force of wind.
The other Drawings sufficiently explain themselves, and both upper
and lower chambers are preferably provided with outer shields of per-
forated zinc.
Having now described and particularly set forth the nature of the
Invention, and the best means I am acquainted with for carrying the
same into practice, I claim,―
First. The plan of suspending light plates of mica or other suitable
material for the inlet or outlet apertures of lamps, substantially as
described for the purposes set forth.
Second. The method indicated of using the force of the wind by the
larger apertures in the curved path horizontally or vertically to control
the force of the wind acting on the smaller apertures either for the inlet
or outlet of lamps, substantially as described.
Third. The general arrangement of the lamp globe and upper and
lower chambers for adapting them to lamps, so as to enable them to be
used in strong currents of air, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Frederick Lotz, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of June in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
WILLIAM FREDERICK LOTZ. (L.S.)