IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MACHINES FOR MINCING AND CUTTING ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick William Follows and John Bate, both
of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers and Agri-
cultural Implement Makers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF MACHINES FOR MINCING AND CUTTING ANIMAL AND
VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 21st April 1871, and dated the 25th October 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick William
Follows and John Bate at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 25th October 1870.
We, FREDERICK WILLIAM FOLLOWS and JOHN BATE, both of Man-
chester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers and Agricultural Im-
plement Makers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MACHINES FOR MINCING AND CUTTING
ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
:-
In machines for mincing and cutting animal and vegetable sub-
stances it has heretofore been customary to make the hopper, the case in
which the propeller revolves and on which the cutters are fixed, and the

page_text: stand of metal put together in two or more parts. This mode of con-
struction is expensive and renders the machine difficult of access for
cleaning; also, if the machine is left damp the parts are liable to corrode
and become foul.
Now our Invention consists in making the hopper, the case, and
the stand of cutting and mincing machines all in one piece of glass,
earthenware, stoneware, porcelain, china, or other similar materials, or
the hopper, the case, and the stand may be made in separate pieces of
glass, earthenware, stoneware, porcelain, china, or other similar materials
and used in combination with other parts made of metal in the ordinary
manner.
The main object of our Invention is to ensure perfect cleanliness,
great durability, and economy. The box in which the cutters are fixed
and the bearing for the propeller are cast together, the box fitting in a
groove in the case and projecting through the end of the case where it is
held by a pin. The bearing of the propeller is provided with a cap
hinged to it; the bearing and the hinged cap fill up the open end of the
case. By this arrangement the box and propeller can be easily removed
for cleaning or repairing. When the hopper, the case, and the stand are
made in separate parts the joints are made by V projections fitting into
corresponding grooves.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Frederick William Follows and John Bate in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 25th April 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, FREDERICK 2
WILLIAM FOLLOWS and JOHN BATE, both of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineers and Agricultural Implement Makers, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of October, in the year a
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Frederick William Follows and John Bate,
Her special licence that we, the said Frederick William Follows and
John Bate, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others a

page_text: as we, the said Frederick William Follows and John Bate, our executors,-
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF MACHINES FOR MINCING AND CUTTING ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE
SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
Frederick William Follows and John Bate, our executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of our
or their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Frederick William Follows and
John Bate, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and.in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement (that is to say) :-
In machines for mincing and cutting animal and vegetable substances,,
it has heretofore been customary to make the hopper, the case in which.
the propeller revolves and in which the cutters are fixed, and the stand.
of metal put together in two or more parts; this mode of construction.
is expensive, and renders the machine difficult of access for cleaning,.
also if the machine is left damp the parts are liable to corrode and
become foul.
Now our Invention consists in making the hopper, the case, and the
stand of cutting and mincing machines all in one piece of glass,
earthenware, stoneware, porcelain, china, or other similar materials, or
the hopper,, the case, and the stand may be made in separate pieces of
glass, earthenware, stoneware, porcelain, china, or other similar materials,
and used in combination with other parts made of metal in the ordinary
manner.
The main object of our Invention is to ensure perfect cleanliness, great
durability, and economy. The box in which the cutters are fixed, and
'the bearing for the propeller are cast together, the box fitting in a
groove in the case and projecting through the end of the case, where
it is held by a pin; the bearing of the propeller is provided with a cap

page_text: hinged to it; the bearing and the hinged cap fill up the open end of the
case. By this arrangement the box and propeller can be easily removed
for cleaning or repairing. When the hopper, the case, and the stand
are made in separate parts the joints are made by V proiections fitting.
into corresponding grooves.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into operation, we will proceed to describe the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings, reference being had to the figures and letters
marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is a transverse section; and Fig. 2, a longitudinal section of
a machine for mincing and cutting animal and vegetable, matters,
constructed according to our improvements; Fig. 3 is a detached view
of part of the same.
In Figs. 1 and 2, a is the hopper; b, the cylindrical part of the case;
c, the rectangular recess; and d, the feet or stand, all of which are made
in one piece of glass, earthenware, stoneware, porcelain, or other similar
material, but we prefer the earthenware known as ironstone ware or
granite with a glazed surface; e is the propeller shaft; and f, the pro-
pellers, which are similar to those in ordinary mincing machines. One
end of the shaft e works in a hole through the solid end of the cylindrical
part b, and the other end is supported in the bearing g, to which the
cap h is hinged, as shewn best in Fig. 3, this bearing and cap close up
the open end of the cylindrical case b. To the bearing g is cast the box
or trough i containing the cutters j, which are held in their places
by the white metal or other blocks k, the whole of the cutters being
secured in the trough by the retaining screw 1; m is the discharge
spout or sausage filling tube. The end of the trough i passes through
a hole in the casing, and the cutters with the propeller shaft and the
spout m are all secured in the case by the button n or other equivalent.
When the parts of the machine require cleaning the button n is turned
to allow the inside mechanism to be drawn endwise out of the case, the
screw o is then turned to allow the hinged cap h to be opened, which
liberates the propeller shaft and sets the cutters at liberty to be cleaned
or sharpened. If a broken cutter requires to be replaced, the screw
must be turned back to liberate the cutters. The lower part of the
trough has a slot to facilitate the adjusting and setting of the knives..
When the parts are cleaned the whole can be put together again
instantly. When the hopper, the case, and the stand are made in
.

page_text: separate parts, the joints are made as shewn in Fig. 4, by v shaped
projections fitting into corresponding grooves.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention, and described a
convenient manner of carrying the same into operation, we wish it to be
understood, that we do not limit ourselves to the details given as they
may be modified, and we claim as our improvements in the manufacture
of machines for mincing and cutting animal and vegetable substances.
First. The use of glass, earthenware, stoneware, porcelain, china, or
other similar materials for the hopper, case, and stand thereof.
Secondly. The use of vitreous materials for making parts of the
mincing and cutting machines, while other parts are made of cast
iron.
Thirdly. The improved construction of the bearing for the propeller
shaft, and the box or trough containing the cutters, as shewn and
described.
And, fourthly. The improved joint for uniting the separate parts of
mincing and cutting machines.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick William Follows, for
myself, and on behalf of the said John Bate, have hereto set
my hand and seal, this 24th day of April, One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-one.