Year: 1895

page_text: I, CHARLES BRANSTON HUNT, of The New Branston Two Reel Sewing
Machine Company, Limited, 59 Holborn Viaduct, London, Gentleman, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to detail appliances and their application and method of
operation for lockstitch sewing of fabrics.
The invention belongs to that class of sewing machine having two reels of thread
in simultaneous operation, one thread being above and one below the workplate.
The appliances consist of, first: a hook or looper with a broad back from one
side only for opening the loop of the upper thread while travelling round, said
looper having above its broad part a forwardly overhanging lip under which the
loop engages and under which it is retained for about one half of the loopers travel,
the thread so looped being on the same side as that occupied by the other portion
of the same thread whereby the two parts of the thread on that side of the looper
are laid crosswise as to form a half twist just prior to the opening of the loop to
pass downwardly and round the lower reel by the thread of which the loop
becomes interlocked.
The second appliance relates to a suspended plate with grooves in rim, a hollow
depending leg with interior spring and projecting lip for holding under reel in
position, said plate having edge grooves to receive a pair of slotted swing discs or
levers with gates and supported on brackets and actuated by or from a rod, said
discs or levers being the means by which the lower reel and its adjacent parts are
held suspended.
The third appliance relates to a lower reel carrier of skeleton form with a
projecting prow and having a pivoted lid governable by a spring which serves also
as a tension plate, the lid being provided with a thread guide. The carrier bas a
base with hollow central post for reception of lower reel.
The fourth appliance refers to a crosshead on a ball joint and bearing against a
cam on the undershaft in order to convert a rotatory to a reciprocating motion of
discs or levers and a bar-or bars, and thence to produce a reciprocating curvilinear
motion of the swing levers previously mentioned, said swing levers having gates for
catching the thread of the loop and for passing such thread beyond the full
diameter of the lower reel carrier appliances.
The fifth part of the invention relates to appliances for altering or adjusting the
operations of the feed.
For this purpose, an excentric and a cam are fixed on the undershaft about mid-
distance of the frame, and these through forked and other levers in connection
determine the rise and fall and end on motion of the feed appliance, the actual feed
being controlled by a thumb button moving a pillar in a slot of the frame, said
pillar baving a rod which by means of a collar moves a short lever to a greater or
less distance through a swivel pin and so reduce or increase the arc of vibration
from a fulcrum point to determine the length of stitcb.

page_text: The several appliances or sets of appliances herein before mentioned are
applicable for use in a single machine but each of them or as many as may be
desired can be fitted to existing two reel machines.
Dated this 28th day of March 1895
•
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166 Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said Charles Branston Hunt.
I, CHARLES BRANSTON HUNT, of The New Branston Two Reel Sewing
Machine Company Limited late of 59 Holborn Viaduct, London, but now of
44 Farringdon Street, London, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to detail appliances and their application and method of
operation for lock stitch sewing of fabrics:
The invention belongs to that class of sewing machine having two reels of
thread in simultaneous operation, one thread: being above and one below the
work plate.
The appliances consist of, first a hook or looper with a broad back from one side
only for opening the loop of the upper thread while travelling round, said looper
having above its broad part a forwardly overhanging lip under which the loop
engages and under which it is retained for about one half of the loopers travel, the
thread so looped being on the same side as that occupied by the other portion of
the same thread whereby the two parts of the thread on that side of the looper are
laid crosswise as to form a half twist just prior to the opening of the loop to pass
downwardly and round the lower reel by the thread of which the loop becomes
winterlocked.
The second appliance relates to a suspended plate with grooves in rim, a hollow
depending leg with interior spring and projecting lip for holding under reel in
"position, said plate having edge grooves to receive a pair of slotted swing discs or
levers with gates and supported on brackets and actuated by or from a rod, said
levers being the means by which the lower reel and its adjacent parts are held
.suspended.
The third appliance relates to a lower recl carrier of skeleton form with a
projecting prow and having a pivoted lid governable by a spring which serves also
as a tension plate; the lid being provided with a thread guide. The carrier has a
base with hollow central post for reception of lower reel.
The fourth appliance refers to a crosshead on. a ball joint and bearing against a
cam on the undershaft in order to convert a rotatory to a reciprocating motion
of levers and a bar or bars, and thence to produce a reciprocating curvilinear
motion of the swing levers previously mentioned, said swing levers having gates
for catching the thread of the loop and for passing such thread beyond the
full diameter of the lower reel carrier appliances.
The fifth part of the invention relates to appliances for altering or adjusting the
operations of the feed.
The several appliances or sets of appliances hereinbefore mentioned are applicable
for use in a single machine but each of them or as many as may be desired can be
fitted to existing two reel machines.
The several detail appliances are shown in the annexed drawings separately and
in the positions they respectively occupy in a machine.

page_text: Figure 1 is an elevation of the looper.
Figure 2 an end view of same.
Figure 3 a perspective plan of the suspended plate and hollow leg, the cover of
the plate being removed to show the grooves in which gate discs or levers move
and by which said plate is suspended.
Figure 4 a perspective plan elevation of the lower reel carrier.
Figures 5 and 6 plans of the gate levers supported by brackets and operable by
rods.
Figure 7 an end view of the cam with the rods and cross head, the suspended
plate and hollow leg being also shown partly in section for exposing the reel
supporting spring and lip.
Figure 8 sectional plan of the cross head with the ball joint cam, and part of the
lower shaft in section.
Figures 9, 10, and 11 views of the feed appliances, the frame of the machine
being in section, Figure 9 showing the parts illustrating how the adjustment is'
accomplished.
Figure 12 shows the underside of a machine frame with the feed appliances in
their respective positions for operation by and from the undershaft.
Figure 13 a part sectional elevation of the lower reel carrier with the cover
turned up and reel dropped in position.
Figures 14 and 15 are side and front views of lower reel carrier in position it'
occupies suspended under the workplate and indicating the travel of the looper and
position of the loop during its opening and spread around the reel carrier.
Figure 16 is a general elevation of the appliances in their respective positions
looking from the front of the machine, the frame and workplate being in section.
Figure 17 bottom plan of the machine with the several appliances in their'
respective positions.
Figure 18 an end elevation of the machine with so many or so much of the
several appliances indicated as can be seen from the head end when the end screen
or curtain of the frame is removed.
Figure 19 illustrates in enlarged view the formation of the stitch.
Figures 20 and 21 represent a head end and under plan of a two reel sewing
machine with the lower or under reel lying horizontally lengthwise of the bed plate
instead of vertically as in the previously described figures.
Figure 22 indicates the lower reel within its carrier set transversely to the bed
plate.
1, Figures 1, 2, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 is the hook or looper with one flat edge and
widening on the other edge to form a broad back, 2 being the forwardly over-
hanging lip as part thereof and with a channel between for the lodgement of the
thread loop when drawn on by the hook. The hook or looper I and the lip 2 are
on the end of a stein 3 secured eccentrically in a socket 4 of a lever 5 clipped on
the undershaft 6, see Figures 16, 17, for rotation with said shaft, said hook being
rigidly fixed to the socket lever to travel round the reel carrier point first.
7, circular plate with grooves 8, 8, in edge and diametrically opposite each other.
9 slot in plate 7 for passage of thread loop when released from hook 1 and being
drawn in by the take up 10, Figure 18, this being of the usual well known kind.
11 hollow leg of plate 7 for containing spring 12, see Figure 7. 13, exposed lip-
or catch on spring 12 set out of the vertical line for causing the lip to project for
supporting reel carrier, see Figures 4, 14, 15, 16, the spring 12 having a knob 15 to
enable it to be moved centrally for the reel carrier to drop from the leg 11.
The plate 7 has a central screw threaded hole 16 to enable a slotted cover
plate 17 to be fixed upon it by the screw pin 18, the plate 17 acts as a support for
the suspension of the reel 19 and its carrier by the engagement of the discs or
levers 20, 20, these being pivoted at 21, 21, as seen at Figures 5, 6, for oscillatory
motion in the grooves 8, 8, of the plate 7.
22, 22, are slots or gates in the pivoted and oscillating dises or levers 20, 20, into
which the thread loop takes while being drawn under the reel carrier, said gates.

page_text: being then in position shown at Figure 5, the levers 20, 20, are then shifted to
position shown at Figure 6 and in so moving, the gates take the thread loop around
the widest portion of the carrier and leaves it free to be drawn in, the hook having
at the same time taken the lower part of the loop beyond the centre of the carrier,
the take up simultaneously and suddenly drawing the loop from the hook 1 for the
formation and completion of the stitch.
. The reel carrier has a base 23 with depression or shoulder 24 for bearing on
lip 13 of spring 12. 25 hollow post on base 23, said post fits leg 11 somewhat
loosely.
26 upper band of carrier connected to base 23 by upright 27, and by a forwardly
projecting prow 28 and arms 29, 29.
30 cover pivoted to band at 31 to be turned up as indicated at Figure 13 when a
reel has to be removed, or a fresh one placed in the carrier.
32 plate spring secured to base 23 with nipping extension plate 33, the nip being
controlled by adjustment of screw 34. The end of spring 31 bears against edge of
cover 30 to hold it when open or when closed.
The spring 31 and plate 33 are perforated for the lower reel thread to be laced
into for resisting drag. 35, 35, two checks on cover 30, between which the free
end of lower thread is laid and guided as seen in dotted lines, Figure 4, previous to
the carrier being placed in position on stem 11. These cheeks 35, 35, serve also
to locate the carrier by engaging in the slot 9 of plate 7.
The levers 20, 20, are held loosely on brackets 36, 36, projecting from the
frame 37.
Each lever 20, 20, has a pin 38 projecting for engagement in slotted holes 39, 39,
of arms 40, 40, which are secured to and project from a sliding rod 41, said rod 41
being supported by bearings in frame 42, 42.
The pins 38, 38, on the levers 20, 20, and the holes in the arms 40, 40, are
arranged diagonally opposite each other, so that as the rod 41 is moved to the left
the levers 20, 20, move in opposite directions but forwardly within the grooves 8, 8,
in order that the gates 22, 22, are presented to the approaching loop and then
partake of a reverse travel when the rod 41 is shifted to the right, the loop being
thus carried slightly behind the carrier. The rod 41 is attached to a lever 43
pivoted at 44 to the frame. This lever by the pin 45 has the end of an arm 46
affixed, said arm 46 being a right angled extension from a second sliding rod 47 in
the same bearings block 42, 42.
The opposite end of this second rod 47 is connected to an eye 48 of the rock
lever 49 which is supported in ball and socket joint 50 forined between the extreme
forward end of the undersbatt 6 and of a screw head 51, see Figure 8, which allows
the rock lever 49 to reciprocate under the action of the cam 52 also fixed on the end
of the undershaft 6.
·
By this means through the connection of the rod 41 and arms 40, 40, the rod 47
and arms 43, 46, are actuated for the purpose before explained.
This compound arrangement of rods and arms enables a long stroke to be
obtained from the rise of a shallow cam and obviates shocks at each revolution
of the cam.
53 is an eccentric on the undershaft 6 for lifting and lowering the feed 54 through
the intermediation of the forked lever 55 and arm 56 bearing upon the end of the
bar 57 to which the feed surface is affixed, the forward and backward travel of the
feed surface 54 being controlled by the cam 58 acting in the fork or crutch 59
depending from the slider 60, this in turn imparts a rock motion to the arm 61
slidable in the swivelled fulcrum 62 by the engagement of the pin 63 in the eye 64
of the bar 60, said pin 63 projecting from a swivel socket 65 which embraces the
end of the arm 61, the opposite end of said arm 61 having a ball 66 engaging
within a trough 67 formed as part of and at right angles to the bar 57 and to which
it imparts a reciprocating action for feeding purposes.
The variation of the feed is obtained by moving the ball 66 nearer to or farther
from the swivel fulcrum 62 within which the arm 61 is free to slide, this being

page_text: actuated by the rod 68 upon which is a collar 69 engaging the ball 66, said collar
being held loosely on the shaft 68 by a pin 70 engaging the groove 71 in order
that the collar 69 may turn under the reciprocating motion of the trough 67.
The red 68 is carried to the wheel end of the frame, it is affixed to a pillar 72
and has a reduced portion 73 in a slot 74, above which is a pinch nut 75 for
sliding along the slot and fixing the pillar 72, so that the ball 66 is held in a
given position relatively to the swivelled fulcrum according to the length of
stitch required.
The head 76, presser foot 77, needle bar 78, and upper reel 79 shown at
Figure 18 are of the usual kind and therefore require no special description.
The procedure in preparing the machine for sewing is as follows:-The reel
carrier is opened as at Figure 13 and a reel 19 is dropped over the post 25 and
the lid 30 closed down. The free end of the thread is now drawn over the
upright 27 and passed downwardly between springs 32, 33, to engage under
the horn 33*, it is then drawn upwardly to enter the slotted eye 32* and over the
lid 30 and laid between the cheeks 35. The carrier with its reel is then slipped up.
the leg 11, the cheeks 35 engaging in the slot 9 of plate 7 to properly locate it,.
the spring lip 13 taking under the shoulder 24 of the carrier and holding it
thereon. Between the cover 30 and the under side of the plate, a sufficient space
is left for the free passage of the thread, two studs projecting from said plate 7
effects this.
The needle next descends and the looper 1 carries the loop of the top thread
around the carrier and picks up the free end of the bottom thread which the
needle thread in its up stroke lifts above the work plate.
It will be understood that at each stitch being formed the looper in taking
the loop spreads the loop by carrying it to the widest part, the upper portion of
the loop passing under the lip 2 while the under part of the loop remains spread
open by which means the loop thread is crossed at the point of juncture A
(Figure 19) with the fabric B (Figure 14) being sewn. The loop in this condition
is drawn down and around the carrier for interlocking the bottom thread C, and
when said looper has drawn the loop clear of the widest lower part of the carrier,.
the take up suddenly comes into action and pulls the loop away from the looper,
the distance the take up travels being sufficient to pull up the whole of the slack
and make the stitch, the loop of the upper thread retaining the half twist, said half
twist being on the upper side of the stitched fabric with the uprising portion of
the thread lying alongside that portion formed by the descending part of the same.
loop, both portions however being in the same hole.
The stitches thus made lie slightly anglewise to each other but to the thickness.
of the thread only, each loop constituting a half twist on itself and a bight on the
lower or locking thread.
In Figures 20 and 21 which represent a head end and under plan of a two reel
sewing machine with the lower or under reel lying horizontally lengthwise of the
bed plate instead of vertically as in the previously described figures, the end
cover 30 is pivoted at 31 for side swing by a slight downward pressure on spring
pin for the removal of the reel as indicated by the dotted lines Figure 21 which is
an under plan of part of the machine. The lower reel in this example is somewhat
short in length compared with the others shown and already referred to and is of
the kind usually covered with silk thread, it is enclosed in a carrier around which the
lipped_hook 1, 2, travels in the manner and for the purpose previously explained.
In Figure 22 which represents a corresponding arrangement except that the
lower reel is arranged in its carrier set transversely to the bed plate, the lipped
hook 1, 2, is employed as in the foregoing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inveu-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. In a sewing machine, supporting the lower reel carrier from a suspended plate

page_text: which is held in position between and from two swing discs or levers provided with
gates as set forth and substantially as shown.
2. In combination in a sewing machine in which the lower reel carrier is supported
from a plate suspended by swing discs or levers having gates, a leg containing a
spring with projecting lip for supporting lower reel holder, as set forth and
substantially as shown.
3. The combination in a sewing machine of the lower reel carrier supported
from a plate suspended from swing discs or levers having gates with a looper hook,
as set forth and substantially as shown.
4. In a sewing machine providing the looper hook with a broad back extending
from one edge only, and with a forwardly disposed overhanging lip, as specified
and substantially as represented.
5. The arrangement of compound levers and rods between a cam on undershaft
of a sewing machine for operating the feed appliance from said cam in conjunction
with the means or appliances for varying the length of stitch.
6. The combination of all or any of the foregoing appliances in and forming the
operable parts of a sewing machine as described and substantially as shown in the
annexed drawings.
-נ ML07
1
1002
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166 Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said Charles Branston Hunt.