IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RAISING A PILE OR FLUE BY ABRASION ON LINEN, COTTON, SILK, AND OTHER FABRICS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Wolfe Bonney, of West Brompton,
in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RAISING A PILE OR FLUE BY
ABRASION ON LINEN, COTTON, SILK, AND OTHER FABRICS."
Sealed the 14th November 1853, and dated the 27th May 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Wolfe
Bonney at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 27th May 1853.
1. WILLIAM WOLFE BONNEY, of West Brompton, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RAISING A PILE OR FLUE
BY ABRASION ON LINEN, COTTON, SILK, AND OTHER FABRICS" to be as
follows:-
The machinery consists of certain arrangements of parts for raising
a pile on linen, cotton, silk, and other fabrics, so combined and worked
as to imitate the action of the hand and knife in the manufacture of

page_text: lint by manual labour. I make use of a blade or knife, to which I
impart an up and down motion, and cause the linen or other fabric on
which anile is to be raised to travel on a bad either in one direction
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Wolfe Bonney in the Great Seal
Patent Office, on the 26th November 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I.
WILLIAM WOLFE BONNEY, of West Brompton, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of May, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Wolfe Bonney, Her
special licence that I, the said William Wolfe Bonney, my execu-
tors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Wolfe Bonney, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RAISING A PILE OR FLUE BY
ABRASION ON LINEN, COTTON, SILK, AND OTHER FABRICS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said William Wolfe Bonney, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immie-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
<<
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Wolfe Bonney, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained

page_text: in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the
Drawings hereunto annexed, that is to say:
The machinery which constitutes my said Invention consists of
certain arrangements of parts for raising a pile or fluc on linen, cotton,
silk, and other fabrics, so combined and worked as to imitate the action
of the land and knife in the manufacture of lint by manual labor. I
make use of a blade or knife, to which I impart an up and down
motion, and cause the linen or other fabric on which a pile or flue is to
be raised to travel on a bed, either in one direction continuously, or to
travel to and fro under the blade, at the same time being drawn
gradually forward, so as to bring constantly fresh portions of its surface
under the action of the blade or knife.
Figure 1, of the Drawings hereunto annexed is an end elevation of a
machine constructed according to my Invention, in which the fabric
receives a to and fro and gradual onward movement. Figures 2,
3, 4, 5, and 6, shew some of the details on an enlarged scale; A, is
the end framing of the machine; B, is the knife bar, which is supported
at each end on the axle C, which turns in bearings in the end frames
of the machine; B', is the knife which is secured to the knife bar B, by
screws and nuts, so as to be capable of adjustment as the knife is worn
away; D, is the bed on which the fabric is sustained whilst under the
action of the knife, this bed is covered with leather or other suitable
slightly yielding substance; B, is a disc keyed on a shaft E, running
the whole length of the machine, and mounted in bearings in the end
frames A. This disc has a cam groove cut in it (as shewn on an
enlarged scale in Figure 2,) for the purpose of giving motion to the knife
bar and knife by means of a pin B³, on the knife bar working into the
groove. The axis or shaft C, carries a pin roller C', which receives
a vibratory movement in the manner to be presently described for the
purpose of drawing off the cloth to be acted on from the feed roller F,
(which is hung in bearings over the pin roller and rests lightly on it,)
and also drawing it backwards under the knife; G, is a wheel keyed on
one end of the axis or shaft C; and G', a friction band by which that
wheel is embraced; one end of the friction band G', is attached to a
link a, the opposite end of which is jointed to one end of a connecting

page_text: rod b, the other end of which works on a pin c, projecting from a
disc d, which is fixed on the shaft E. The other end of the strap G',
is connected by a pin joint to a stud e, which is screwed to the link a;
f, is another connecting rod, one end of which works freely on the
lever f¹,
on the axis C, and the other end is furnished with a slotted
picce y, which works on the pin c. These arrangements are more
clearly shewn in the enlarged views, Figures 3, and 4.
On the pin c
is fixed a cam h, which acts on the end of the connecting rod f, and
thereby causes it to tighten the grip of the steel band G, on the
wheel, when by the revolution of the disc d, the parts have been brought
to such a position as to enable the cam h, to act on the end of the con-
necting rod. Figure 5, shows an enlarged view of the disc d, with the
arrangement adopted for enabling the pin e, to be adjusted to any
required length of stroke. The opposite end of the shaft C, is furnished
with a precisely similar arrangement, but with this exception that the
cam, is placed in the reverse position, as shewn in Fig. 6, so that
the relaxing of the bands may be effected alternately. This arrange-
ment is also made to have a slight lead on that first mentioned, in order
that fresh portions of the cloth may be constantly drawn off the
roller to be acted on by the knife. The cloth is brought off the feed
roller, partly round the pin roller, then over the bridge i, on the bed
of the machine, and then under the knife.
The action of the machine is as follows: the cloth having been
brought under the knife, as before described, and slightly weighted so
as to give it a constant drag forward, the machine is set in motion by
means of a strap working EL pulley on the shaft E, (not shewn in the
Drawings.) The pin roller will then draw off' a portion of the cloth, the
knife being now raised by its cam, which cloth will fall forward over the
bed of the machine; the knife then descends, and is held down by its
cam, while the pin roller is caused to vibrate away from the bed, and
draw the cloth under the knife, whereby the pile is raised on its surface.
The bands by which the pin roller receives this vibratory movement
relax and tighten upon their wheels alternately by the means herein-
before described, and the lead given to the driving arrangement at one
end of the machine causes the cloth to be gradually advanced, so as

page_text: always to present a fresh portion of the cloth for being acted on by the
knife.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as of
my Invention the arrangement of machinery represented in the Draw-
ings, and herein-before described, and the combination and working of
the parts thereof, as also herein-before described, in such manner as to
imitate the action of the hand and knife in the manufacture of lint by
manual labour.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Wolfe Bonney, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of Novem-
ber, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
W. W. BONNEY. (L.8.)