IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED WHEN MAKING MOULDS FOR CASTING SHELLS AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Jobson, of Wordsley, in the County of
Stafford, Ironfounder, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
USED WHEN MAKING MOULDS FOR CASTING SHELLS AND OTHER ARTICLES."
Sealed the 11th February 1859, and dated the 12th August 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Jobson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
August '1858.
I, ROBERT JOBSON, of Wordsley, in the County of Stafford, Ironfounder, do
hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
USED WHEN MAKING MOULDS FOR CASTING SHELLS AND OTHER ARTICLES," to be
as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus used when
making moulds for casting shells and other articles. For these purposes the
pattern is made with arms or apparatus carrying pins or projections which
enter sockets or receivers in the table or plate on which the box is placed, and
when in the first instance the pattern has been correctly adjusted on the table
or surface on which the flask or box is placed to have the sand rammed
therein, the pins or projections and the ends of the sockets (which receive
them) are filed off or removed, so as to make the ends of the pins and of the
sockets coincide. By these means should any sand or material get in between
the table or surface on which the mould is rammed and the pattern, the

page_text: incorrectness in the placing of the pattern will at once be detected by the
workman when he passes his finger over the pins or projections and the
sockets, and by such means the most minute incorrectness of the placing of
the pattern may be detected; and in some cases like means are resorted to
in placing cores into moulds.
In order to dispense as much as possible with the necessity of hand
labour, in order to remove the sand after it has been used, to damp it
and to bring it into position to be again used by the moulders, apparatus is
arranged or combined whereby the sand is shovelled on to sieves which are
worked mechanically; the sand is damped, and the sifted sand is carried or
moved by a screw in a suitable trough or tube to the mixer, where fresh sand
and other matters are added, from whence the sand is conveyed through
another trough or tube by a screw into a position to be used by the moulder.
In order, where heavy boxes or flasks are used, to reduce manual labour, a
peculiar form of crane or apparatus is used, which consists of a quadrant, over
which a chain or band passes; this quadrant receives motion by the moulder
turning or giving motion to a fly-wheel, on the axis of which is a pinion, which
takes into and drives a cog wheel, on the axis of which is a pinion which
takes into a curved rack fixed to the quadrant, which is counterbalanced when
necessary, which in addition to turning on a horizontal axis, also turns to the
right and left of the post or upright which carries it.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Robert Jobson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
12th February 1859.
the
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
JOBSON, of Wordsley, in the County of Stafford, Ironfounder, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
said Robert Jobson, Her special licence that I, the said Robert Jobson, my-
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Robert
Jobson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the

page_text: Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS USED WHEN MAKING MOULDS FOR CASTING SHELLS AND OTHER ARTICLES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Robert Jobson, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Jobson, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus used when
making moulds for casting shells and other articles. For these purposes the
pattern is made with arms or apparatus carrying pins or projections which
enter sockets or receivers in the table or plate on which the box is placed, and
when in the first instance the pattern has been correctly adjusted on the table
or surface on which the flask or box is placed to have the sand rammed
therein, the pins or projections and the ends of the sockets (which receive
them) are filed off or removed, so as to make the ends of the pins and of the
sockets coincide. By these means should any sand or material get in between
the table or surface on which the mould is rammed and the pattern, the
incorrectness in the placing of the pattern will at once be detected by the
workman when he passes his finger over the pins or projections and the
sockets, and by such means the most minute incorrectness of the placing of
the pattern may be detected; and in same cases like means are resorted to
in placing cores into moulds.
In order to dispense as much as possible with the necessity of hand labour
in order to remove the sand after it has been used, to damp it and to bring it
into position to be again used by the moulders, apparatus is arranged or
combined whereby the sand is shovelled on to sieves which are worked
mechanically; the sand is damped, and the sifted sand is carried or moved by
a screw in a suitable trough or tube to the mixer, where fresh sand and other
matters are added, from whence the sand is conveyed through another trough
or tube by a screw into a position to be used by the moulder.
In order, where heavy boxes or flasks are used, to reduce manual labour, a
peculiar form of crane or apparatus is used, which consists of a quadrant, over
which a chain or band passes; this quadrant receives motion by the moulder.
0

page_text: turning or giving motion to a fly-wheel, on the axis of which is a pinion which
takes into and drives a cog wheel, on the axis of which is a pinion which
takes into a curved rack fixed to the quadrant, which is counterbalanced when
necessary, which, in addition to turning on a horizontal axis, also turns to the
right and left of the post or upright which carries it.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a plan of so much of a table or surface and apparatus
used for forming sand moulds as will enable me to describe the peculiar
character and action of my improvements; Figure 2 is a vertical section
thereof; A is the table or surface on which the flask or box B and the pat-
tern C are placed when forming a sand mould in the box or flask B. The
table or surface A may be stationary on a suitable stand or frame, or it may
be arranged in a suitable frame in such manner as to move on axes, necks, or
gudgeons, and to turn thereon or therewith, so as for a time to bring its under
surface uppermost, and its upper surface with the flask or box thereon under-
most; I prefer the latter arrangement.
When the table or surface A is fixed or stationary, the box or flask B and
the mould therein, will have to be lifted and turned over in the ordinary
manner; but when the table or surface A is made to move on or with axes,
necks, or gudgeons, the table or surface A with the box or flask B, and pattern
C may be turned over by moving the table or surface A on or with its axes,
after having first placed the cover D on the mould box or flask, in which case
the flask or box will be temporarily fixed to the table or surface A, and when
brought below there must, as heretofore, be provision for detaching and lowering
the flask or box and the mould therein. The pattern C shown in the Drawing
is a half sphere, but any suitable pattern may be used in place thereof, accord-
ing to the article desired to be cast in the mould. The pattern C is formed
with four arms C', C', with pins C2, C2, which enter sockets Dx, Dx, formed
on the table. or surface A as is shown, or in any other convenient manner.
The pattern C is moved and partly withdrawn from the mould by means of a
Screw E, which passes through the fixed screw nut F. In constructing and
adjusting the pattern and parts connected therewith in the first instance, in
order to insure great exactness of castings made in a succession of moulds
produced on the same patterns, the pins or projections C2, C3, are allowed
to project through and beyond the sockets, and when the pattern C has been
accurately adjusted in respect to the upper surface of the table A, the ends of

page_text: the pins or projections C³ are to be accurately filed off or removed, so that
they may be smooth and flush with the ends of the sockets, by which means
the workman, when he is about to make a mould in a box or flask placed on
the table, will by simply passing a finger against the ends of the pins or pro-
jections C and their sockets, immediately ascertain whether the pattern is
correctly in position, and if not, he may readily adjust it correctly by moving
the pattern upwards or downwards till the ends of the pins C are exactly
flush with the ends of their sockets.
The arrangement and form of the pins or projections and their sockets may
be varied, and such is the case in respect to the apparatus for moving the
pattern. In like manner may cores be made with projections, and moulds
with sockets or receivers, so as to enable the workman readily to judge when
a core is properly placed within a mould.
In carrying out the second part of my Invention, I cause suitable sieves or
screens, either of the ordinary flat or cylindrical form, to be actuated by
suitable machinery, which in itself is not new; and I cause the sand which has
been used, and when it has been suitably damped for future use, to be shovelled
into such sieves or screens with or without fresh sand, and I cause the sifted
sand to be received into a trough in which a screw works, and the trough is
arranged in a position to convey the sifted and damp sand to the place where
it is required for use. The trough with its screw should be constructed to be
readily moved so as to admit of its delivering the sand at the place desired.
In carrying out the third part of my Invention, I construct a crane such as
is shown at Figure 3, which is a side elevation, and Figure 4, which is a back
elevation; a, a, is a quadrant which carries the chain by which the boxes or
flasks are raised. The upper end of the chain is fixed at the upper end of the
quadrant. The quadrant turns on an axis b, and the quadrant is formed with
a curved rack c, c, into which a pinion d on the axis d' of the cog-wheel e
gears. The cog-wheel e receives motion from the pinion f on the axis of the
fly or hand-wheel g. By this arrangement the workman or workmen will be
able readily to lift a large box or flask; and in order to turn the crane with
facility, an incline h is employed, on the upper or level part of which the
roller of the prop or support i rests.
The Drawing shows the quadrant and parts at their highest position, but
by a very moderate pressure the prop will descend the incline, and cause the
quadrant to turn partly round on the pin or axis k.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I make no claim to any

page_text: of the mechanical parts of which the combinations of mechanism herein
described are composed; but what I claim is,-
First, the mode of combining apparatus herein described in respect to
Figures 1 and 2.
Secondly, I claim the arranging or combining apparatus as herein described
suitable for sifting and moving sand.
And, thirdly, I claim the combination of mechanical parts herein described
for moving heavy boxes or flasks.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Jobson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Witness,
S. CARPMAEL.
ROBT. JOBSON. (L.S.)