Improvements in Paraffin or other Oil Lamps or Stoves.
Year: 1889

page_text: This Specification was, upon the 14th day of July 1891, Amended under
Sections 18 to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Paraffin or other Oil Lamps or Stoves.
We, ANDREW ANDERSON of 180 Cathcart Road, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Coffee Roaster, WILLIAM MORRISON and JAMES BOAG MORRISON,
both of Jane Street, Leith, in the County of Midlothian, North Britain, Engineers,
do hereby declure the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in paraffin or other oil lamps or stoves:
In accordance with our improvements we construct the oil reservoir or fount with
a central air passage, and within the said air passage we mount the wick tube or
tubes; the supply of oil from the fount to the wick tubes is effected by a tube or tubes
from the bottom of the fount to the wick tubes, the arrangement being such that the
wick tubes are separate from the fount. We prefer to form the outlet mouth of
the oil supply tube at the extremity of a coil of pipe at the bottom of the fount on the
inside thereof in such a manner that in the event of the lamp being upset the oil is
prevented from escaping out of the fount, for the same object we provide a similar
coil of pipe at the top of the fount on the inside thereof in connection with the air
hole. The connection of the top of the lamp with the top of the fount is effected by a
piece of wire gauze or perforated metal for the purpose of keeping a clear air passage
between the top and bottom of the fount. Through the air passage of the fount we
mount an open-ended tube or funnel, the said funnel surrounding the wick tube or
tubes. The air for supporting combustion enters the top of the lamp through the
wire gauze or perforated metal, passes down the central passage in the fount between
the inner side thereof and the outside of the open-ended tube or funnel and enters the
said funnel at the lower end thereof. By this arrangement the fount is always kept
cool by the whole air supply entering as cool air at the top of the fount and passing
down to the bottom thereof before it ascends through the open-ended tube or funnel to
the flame.
Our said Improvements are equally applicable to either round or flat wicks or wicks
of other shape.
If desired we may form the oil supply tube or tubes from the fount to the wick
tube or tubes, as filters by the insertion of a piece of cotton or other material through
which the oil drains.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED).
Improvements in Paraffin or other Oil Lamps or Stoves.
We, ANDREW ANDERSON of 180 Cathcart Road, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Coffee Roaster, WILLIAM MORRISON, and JAMES BOAG MORRISON both
of Jane Street, Leith, in the County of Midlothian, North Britain, Engineers, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention which relates to improvements in paraffin or other oil lamps or
stoves has for its object to provide a cool reservoir or fount for holding the oil; to
prevent the oil escaping from the fount in the event of the lamp or the stove being
upset and to increase the illuminating power of the said lamps or the heating power
in said stoves.
In accordance with our invention we form the oil reservoir or fount with a central
air passage, centrally within which we mount an open ended tube or funnel, and
centrally within the said tube or funnel we mount the wick tube or tubes, the
arrangement being such that the wick tube or tubes is or are separate from the
fount. The whole air supply enters as cool air at the top of the fount; it then passes
down to the bottom thereof, down the central passage in the fount between the inner
side of the fount and the outside of the open-ended tube or funnel; it then ascends in
a highly heated state through the open ended tube or funnel to the outside of the
flame or flames, and also in the case of a circular wick up through the centre thereof
to the centre of the flame; and owing to the wick tube or tubes being separate from
the fount we provide a connecting pipe or pipes which form the one extremity of a
coil or coils of pipes which is or are disposed around the inside bottom end of the
fount, the said coil or coils also preventing the oil escaping from the fount in the
event of the lamp being upset, and we employ an air supply coil of pipe within
the top end of the fount. And in order that our said invention may be more
readily understood and easily carried into effect we will proceed to describe a
lamp constructed in accordance with the same, with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
Figure 1, is a sectional elevation of a circular wick lamp constructed in accordance
with our said invention.
Figure 2 is a sectional plan on the line X Y, Figure 1, and
Figure 3 is a plan of the said lamp.
The oil reservoir or fount A is constructed with the central air passage B, centrally
within which is mounted the open ended tube C; the said tube containing centrally
within it the circular wick tube D. The connection of the top of the lamp with
the top of the fount is effected by a wire gauze or perforated metal cover a, for the
purpose of keeping a clear air passage between the top and bottom of the fount. The
open ended tube C has at its upper extremity a bell shaped mouth e, which carries
the gallery E, and funnel F. Inside the bell mouth e, we provide an air guard G
which is mounted by soldering, or by other equivalent means, to the outside of the
wick tube D, and above the said guard G, we provide one or more but preferably two
wire gauze or perforated metal cups or caps H, H', for the purpose of heating the air
before combustion takes place.
The said arrangement is such that on the cool air entering the lamp from the
outside, through the perforated cover a, it passes down through the air passage B,
into the hollow part J. of the lamp, from whence a portion of this air passes up
through the tube C, till it gets deflected outwards by means of the guard G, and
is thus caused to pass through the perforated cups or caps H. H', and become
heated before it reaches the flame, while at the same time the other portion of the
air in the hollow part J, passes up through the inside of the wick tube D, where it

page_text: becomes heated by coming in contact with the heated metal of the tube and the
deflected heat from the flame, thus greatly increasing the illuminating power of the
flame.
It will be seen from the foregoing that owing to the reservoir or fount A, being
separate from the wick tube D, and other heated parts, the said reservoir or fount is
always kept cool by the passage of the cool air through the passage B; and that the
air-supply is heated before it has access to the flame.
To enable the oil to be supplied to the wick tube D, from the reservoir or fount A,
with safety in the event of the lamp being upset, we provide a connecting pipe or
tube K, which forms the one end of a coil of pipe L, disposed around the bottom of
the fount, within the same, so that in the event of the lump being upset the oil is
prevented from escaping out of the fount. The fount is in order further to ensure
safety in the said event, also provided at its upper end with another internal coil of
pipe M, the extremity of which forms the air-hole or inlet N; the said coils L, and M,
being preferably so arranged as to have their apertures directly opposite one another,
that is in the same vertical plane.
If desired we may filter the oil before it reaches the wick tube D, by inserting a
piece of cotton or other suitable material within the coil of pipe or tube L, (which
would in that case be made larger in diameter) for the purpose of allowing the oil to
drain through.
Our said improvements are also, by suitable modifications which will be obvious to
lamp-makers and stove-makers, applicable to other lamps or stoves having round, flat
or other shaped wicks, and in the case of circular wicks our improvements may be
advantageously associated, so far as illuminated power is concerned, with the use of
deflectors of which there are many well known kinds, any of which would prove
advantageous, though we prefer to use a double deflector, such as is shewn at P,
Figure 1. This double deflector is, owing to its construction, capable of being
regulated (that is, the distance between the two deflector caps p, p, may be
regulated as desired) and owing to the caps p, p, being supported on different
stems, the one placed within the other, it thus divides the supply of air into two
streams to the flame.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is--
1. The general arrangement, construction and combination of the various parts
constituting our improvements in paraffin or other oil lamps or stoves all substantially
as and for the purposes herein before described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
2. In oil lampe or stoves-whatever be the form or number of the wiek or wieke, the
use of an annular or like shaped air space arrangement or arrangements passing
through the fount or reservoir and wholly or partially surrounding the wick tube or
tubes substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described with reference to
the accompanying drawings; for example the adaptation and application of the said
air-space-arrangement within the fount or reservoir to single flat wick burner lampe,
to duplex triplex or quadruplex flat wick burner lamps or to circular wiek burner
lamps or stoves.
3. In oil lamps or stoves the isolation of the wick or wicks from the oil in the
fount or reservoir which isolation in complete-except as regards the connection which
is-maintained between the oil in the wick and the oil in the fount, through the oil in
the feed tube or tubes placed at or near the bottom of the wick or wieks substantially
es and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
4. In oil lamps or stoves the arrangement and construction of parts whereby the
whole air supply enters as cool air at the top of the fount passes down to the bottom
thereof and ascends to the flame or flames substantially in the manner and for the
purposes herein before described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

page_text: 5. The use in paraffin lamps or stoves of an open ended tube or funnel C, internal
to the oil fount and external to the wick tube or tubes, substantially as and for the
purposes herein before described.
6. In oil lamps or stoves the employment of an oil supply-coil, or coils, of tube In
in-combination with an air-inlet coil of tube M, cubstantially-as and for the purposes
hereinbefore-described, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
D
"
JOHNSONS,
115, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicants' Agents.