DUITIVAT Water Motors.
Year: 1892

page_text: COMPLETE DI DUITIVAT
Water Motors.
We, LEMUEL PORTER, of Providence, in the State of Rhode Island and United
States of America, Commercial Agent and THE MALDEN MACHINE COMPANY
a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Maine and having its usual
place of business in Boston in the Commonwealth of Massachussetts engaged in
Manufacturing do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
Our present invention relates to certain improvements in the form and con-
struction of the motor wheel, the water discharging mechanism, their relative
position and the impact of the propelling stream.
The object of this invention is to secure greater strength and greater effective
power in that class of motors using jet streams under pressure relative to the size
of the motor and the amount of applied power.
Our invention is embodied in the form and mechanism which we shall now
proceed to describe and which we have illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
In the drawings,
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the motor with a portion of the casing broken away
to show the wheel and jet nozzle in sectional elevation;
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a part of the motor wheel;
Fig. 3 is a cross-section on the line, a, a, Fig. 1, showing also in perspective the
under side of the wings and details in the construction of the casing;
Fig. 4 is an edge view of the wheel with a part in cross-section;
Figs. 5, 6, & 7 are detail views and will be more particularly referred to
hereinafter.
The casing is formed in two sections represented in the drawings by A', A, in
which is journaled the shaft, B, carrying the serrated motor wheel, C. In the side
of the casing is the opening, f, (see Figs. 1 & 2), into which is fitted the jet
nozzle, D, through which a stream of water under high pressure is thrown upon the
wheel.
Having enumerated the principal parts of the motor, we will now proceed to
describe them in detail.
The wheel, C, which may be of any suitable size, is a disk cast with a narrow
rim e being only slightly wider than the body of the wheel, (see Figs. 3 & 4). The
outer edge, which forms the periphery of the wheel, is serrated as shown in Figs. 1,
2, 3, 4; the teeth which form this serrated periphery, e, e, are constructed with
narrow edges, e¹, e', not made sharp, but constructed with an appreciable thickness,
thus presenting an opposing surface for the impact of the propelling stream; and
we prefer to make them slightly convex, (see Figs. 4, 5, 6), so as to avoid a direct
recoil of the water which would obstruct and diminish the force of the stream. The
number of the teeth relative to the size of the wheel and the depth and angle of
their edges is such that the wheel presents to the stream at the point of impact, a
strong, substantially continuous, narrow periphery, vertical to the longitudinal axis
of the stream. This construction permits the end of the jet nozzle, D, to be
brought close to the periphery, the distance of the nozzle from the periphery
varying only slightly as the stream passes from tooth to tooth, thereby giving to
the wheel a very uniform motion. On the sides of the disk, adjacent to its toothed
periphery, are deflecting wings, m, m, (see Figs. 1 & 2). Each wing has a flange, n,
by which it is soldered or bolted to the sides of the disk, or it may be secured
thereto in any other suitable manner, or may be made integral with the disk.
placed upon the wheel, its inner surface forms a continuation of the side of the
As

page_text: adjacent tooth, so that the jet deflected by the curved tooth is still farther deflected
by the wing and discharged from its outer edge, all the reactionary force of the
water having been utilized.
The most advantageous form for the wing and the one which we have shown as
appearing to most thoroughly utilize the reactionary force of the water, is a curve
concentric with the curve of the teeth, as shown in Figs. 5 & 6. Each deflecting
wing is joined by its sides, n', n², to the disk, C being contiguous to and on the
same plane with the rear face, e³, of the adjacent tooth. These sides may, if
desired, extend beyond the edge, e', the side, n', being then united with the
deflecting wing on the opposite side of the disk. Along the under side of the wings
is fastened a narrow strip of metal, g, which serves to preserve their relative
position and to prevent their being bent out of shape by the force of the water, or
from any other cause. We do not wish to be limited by these detailed features of
the teeth and adjacent wings, but the construction which we have described is the
one which we consider most advantageous.
D represents the jet nozzle which we construct in two ways; in the ordinary
form having a single jet orifice as shown in Fig. 5 and also a nozzle with two con-
verging jet tubes as shown in Fig. 6. The jet nozzle is fitted into the sides of the
casing with its axis nearly tangential to the wheel, the discharging orifice being
placed as near as possible to the periphery of the latter, (see Fig. 1), so that the
stream impinges upon the adjacent tooth immediately on its discharge from the
nozzle and before there has been any loss of its propelling force. The angle at
which the jet tubes are placed in relation to each other in the latter form of nozzle
is such, relative to the distance of the nozzle from the edge of the nearest tooth,
that they shall both strike upon its convex edge. Such an impact secures the
advantage of a substantially direct propelling force without any serious splashing
or obstruction to the stream. The propelling power of the jet is further utilized
and developed by the spreading and curving of the sides of the teeth and it con-
tinues to exert a forward pressure upon the wheel until discharged at the edges of
the wings. It is obvious that two nozzles attached to one pipe, or two pipes each
provided with a nozzle, which should direct the stream upon the wheel, would
accomplish substantially the same effect as the form of nozzle which we have
shown.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:-
-
1. In a water motor, the combination, a serrated wheel, whose teeth are formed
with narrow forward edges and diverging sides, deflecting wings and a jet nozzle,
having a double orifice, substantially as described.
2. In a water motor, the combination, a serrated wheel, the teeth of which have
their sides inclined laterally, with deflecting wings and a jet nozzle, having a double
orifice with converging jet channels leading thereto, whereby converging jets are
thrown upon the wheel, substantially as described.
3. In a water motor, a narrow serrated rimmed wheel, formed of teeth having
narrow edges and bevelled sides, with deflecting wings adjacent to the tooth
periphery and a jet nozzle provided with jet tubes, arranged obliquely to each
other, whereby jets are thrown obliquely against the teeth of the wheel and
deflected laterally substantially as described.
4. In a water motor of the character described, a toothed motor wheel, the teeth
of which form a narrow periphery, the forward edge of each tooth being narrower
transversely than vertically and extending obliquely upward from the rim of the
wheel in the plane of its disk in combination with a jet nozzle placed adjacent
thereto, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.
5. The combination, a motor wheel with teeth having their sides laterally curved
and adjacent, curved deflecting wings, substantially as described and for the
purpose set forth.

page_text: 6. A water motor wheel having a toothed periphery in which the sides of the
teeth are inclined laterally with deflecting wings on its disk adjacent to said teeth
substantially as described.
7. A motor wheel for a water motor of the character described having a toothed
periphery and deflecting wings laterally adjacent to said teeth, substantially as
described.
Dated this 20th day of September 1892.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.