Ar IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING METALS AND MAGNETIC SUBSTANCES FROM OTHER BODIES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Vavin, of No. 82, Boulevard Saint
Germain, Paris, in the Empire of France, for the Invention of "Ar
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING METALS AND MAGNETIC SUBSTANCES
FROM OTHER BODIES."
Sealed the 18th March 1870, and dated the 7th December 1869.

page_text: executors, administrators, and assigns, Her Royal Letters Patent for
the same, and have made solemn Declaration that I verily believe
myself to be the first and true Inventor thereof.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Vavin, do hereby declare
that the following Complete Specification, under my hand and seal,
fully describes and ascertains the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, reference being had to
the Drawing hereto annexed, and forming part of this Specification, and
to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say :-
My Invention consists in a new arrangement of apparatus or machine
for applying the force of attraction of natural magnets or the loadstone
or of magnetised iron or steel bars to the permanent separation of
metals and other bodies subject to magnetic attraction from bodies which
are not so subject without the medium of electric currents.
My improved machine is represented in the accompanying Drawing,
in which Figures 1 and 2 are general views of the apparatus; Figure 3
is a vertical section through the axis; Figure 4, a transverse section of
the upper cylinder; and Figure 5, a section of the iron rings which
together form the cylinders.
a, a, a, Figures 1 and 2, are cast-iron frames connected by iron tie
rods b, b, b; c, c, c, is a fixed wooden or metal hopper provided at its
lower part with an opening o, the size of which may be increased or
diminished by means of a moveable plate p; d, Figures 1, 2, and 3, is a
moveable inclined plate forming the bottom of the hopper, and receiving
a horizontal vibratory motion around the part x from the pulleys e
and e¹ and levers fand f³, or by other suitable mechanical means. The
separating cylinders A, A, consist of two wood or metal plates 1, 1, 1, 1,
Figure 4, provided with two sockets e, e', in which are fixed the axes of
rotation. A drum made of leather, zinc, or other non-magnetic
material 8, 8, 8, 8', is placed on the two plates. Soft iron rings r, r, r, r,
shewn in section in Figure 5, are placed so as to project from the drum,
and present a surface having circular pointed corrugations. Iron horse-
shoe magnets z, z, 2, 2, Figures 3 and 4, placed in the interior of the
drum are fixed on the rings in a suitable manner, the poles of the same
name being placed on the circumference of one ring, and the opposite
poles on the succeeding ring. The cylinder is composed of any desired
number of these rings magnetized by contact of the poles of the interior

page_text: magnets. B is the driving shaft, having at one end a pulley m carrying
the driving band, and at the other a cog wheel R cogging with the two
wheels C and C₁ putting in motion the axes of the ring cylinders.
D, D, Figures 2 and 3, are circular brushes, each having at one of the
extremities of its axis a pinion n, Figures 1 and 2, taking into the
wheel R; v, v, v', v, v, metallic covers placed around the brushes;
y, y, is a wood or metal discharger.
The machine works in the following manner:-The hopper being full
of the bodies to be separated, such as copper filings containing iron
filings, the machine is put in motion; the opening o is uncovered, and
by means of the vibratory motion given to the bottom the material is
caused to fall in a uniform manner on to the upper cylinder, and the iron
filings will adhere to the uneven surface formed by the rings, whilst the
copper not being attracted by the magnets will fall into the discharger y,
whence it will slide on to the second cylinder on which the particles of
iron which may have escaped the adhesive action of the upper rings are
collected; the copper filings will fall into a suitable receiver. It will
be seen that the action of the brushes consists in detaching from the
uneven surface of the rings the iron filings adhering thereto, and per-
mitting them to run off through the lower part q. This apparatus may
be worked by hand by means of a handle; it may consist of a single
brush and cylinder, or of several brushes and cylinders of any required.
length. I can employ in lieu of rings some equivalent surfaces in
contact with the magnets and suitably disposed. It may be employed
to separate from bodies not attracted by the magnet iron filings, turnings,
powder or otherwise, natural or artificial magnetic oxydes of iron, the
metal cobalt, and nickel. The mode of transmitting motion to the
principal parts above described may be varied.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not
confine myself to the precise details herein laid down; but what I claim
is, the employment of soft iron rings, each ring connecting several poles
of the same name of natural or artificial magnets, the magnetism of
which is obtained without the medium of electricity, the successive
surfaces of these rings or equivalent surfaces being united on the same
axis, and forming a cylindrical surface which serves to retain by
magnetic attraction bodies which are allowed to fall on to it, whilst

page_text: the bodies not subject to magnetic attraction not adhering to it may
be collected separately, substantially as herein-before described and
represented in the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Vavin, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of November One 5
thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
C. VAVIN. (L.S.)