IMPROVED METHOD AND APPLIANCES FOR SHAFTING PICKS AND OTHER TOOLS SUCH AS ARE GENERALLY FORMED WITH AN EYE
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Atwood Hardy, of Philadelphia, United
:
States of America, but at present of Sheffield, in the County of
York, and Augustus Edward Stayner, of Halifax, Nova Scotia, but
at present of Sheffield, aforesaid, for the Invention of "IMPROVED
METHOD AND APPLIANCES FOR SHAFTING PICKS AND OTHER TOOLS SUCH AS ARE
GENERALLY FORMED WITH AN EYE."
:
Sealed the 22nd March 1872, and dated the 25th September 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Atwood Hardy
and Augustus Edward Stayner at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 25th September 1871.
We, CHARLES ATWOOD HARDY, of Philadelphia, United States of
America, but at present of Sheffield, in the County of York, and
AUGUSTUS EDWARD STAYNER, of Halifax, Nova Scotia, but at present of
Sheffield, aforesaid, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
:

page_text: for "IMPROVED METHOD AND APPLIANCES FOR SHAFTING PICKS AND OTHER TOOLS
SUCH AS ARE GENERALLY FORMED WITH AN Eye,” to be as follows:-
0
Our Invention consists in the employment of a metallic collar or
circlet adapted in shape for the reception of the shaft or handle of any
tool, especially picks and tools of a similar character, which collar shall
be so formed as. to provide for the reception and retention thercon of an
encircling cushion of any suitable elastic or semi-elastic material upon
which the eye of the tool to be attached shall slip and wedge itself.
The encircling cushion may be of any elastic or semi-elastic material,
or material more yielding or softer than that of which the eye of the
tool is composed, whether it be, for example, of india-rubber, leather,
fibrous material, wood, or soft metal, and whether it be formed in one
piece or ring, or be applied in sections or layers, or wound upon the
metallic collar or circlet aforesaid. When employing an encircling
cushion of india-rubber or other soft elastic or semi-elastic material, we
prefer to form on the collar or circlet either a recessed bed for the
cushion or two projecting beads or fillets between which the cushion is
confined. Or we form upon the collar or circlet undercut grooves,
preferably in a direction parallel with the shaft, into which grooves we
then insert strips of elastic or semi-elastic or yielding material,
constituting the cushion on which the tool takes a bearing.
The said cushion or packing may also be placed within the eye of the
pick or other tool, or be attached thereto; but this would not be so
advantageous an arrangement as that above described.
The said cushion or packing may also be employed in like manner as
above described in connection with the solid metallic shaft end for tools,
for which C. A. Hardy, J. Harrison, and A. E. Stayner have applied for
Letters Patent on the 22nd September, 1871, No. 2498, the cushion
being applied either on the tenon of the shaft or in the mortice of the
tool. It may also be applied either on the blade, or in the eye of the
shaft of the improved form of picks and other tools for which Letters
Patent were granted to J. H. Johnson, on the 17th June, 1869,
No. 1865.
The advantages of our above-described Invention are, firstly, the

page_text: Secondly. The facility with which the said cushion or packing may be
replaced or renewed.
Thirdly. The protection afforded by the collar or circlet to the end of
the shaft or handle.
Fourthly. The distribution of the strain upon the shaft in prising over
the length of the said collar.
And, fifthly. The facility with which tools of the same or varying
weights or shapes may be placed upon the same shaft and firmly held
thereon, and yet be easily detached at will, thus enabling one and the
same shaft to be employed for a number of different tools.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Charles Atwood Hardy and Augustus Edward
Stayner in the Great. Seal Patent Office on the 23rd March
1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, CHARLES
ATWOOD HARDY, of Philadelphia, United States of America, but at
present of Sheffield, in the County of York, and, AUGUSTUS EDWARD
·STAYNER, of Halifax, Nova Scotia, but at present of Sheffield, aforesaid,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Charles Atwood Hardy and Augustus
Edward Stayner, Her special licence that we, the said 'Charles Atwood
Hardy and Augustus Edward Stayner, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said Charles Atwood Hardy - and
Augustus Edward Stayner, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle

page_text: The said cushion or packing may also be placed within the eye of the
pick or other tool, or be attached thereto; but this would not be so
advantageous an arrangement as that above described.
The said cushion or packing may also be employed in like manner as
above described in connection with the solid metallic shaft end for tools,
for which C. A. Hardy, J. Harrison, and A. E. Stayner have applied for.
Letters Patent, on the 22nd September, 1871, No. 2498, the cushion being
applied either on the tenon of the shaft or in the mortice of the tool. It
may also be applied either on the blade or in the eye of the shaft of the
0 improved form of picks and other tools for which Letters Patent. were
granted to J. H. Johnson, on the 17th June, 1869, No. 1865.
.
The advantages of our above-described Invention are, firstly, the
absorption by the cushion or packing of all jar, thus affording case to
the arms and hands of the workman.
Secondly. The facility with which the said cushion or packing may.
be replaced or renewed.
Thirdly. The protection afforded by the collar or circlet to the end of,
the shaft or handle.
Fourthly. The distribution of the strain upon the shaft in prising
over the length of the said collar.
And, fifthly. The facility with which tools of the same or varying
weights or shapes may be placed upon the same shaft, and firmly held
thereon, and yet be easily detached at will, thus enabling one and the
same shaft to be employed for a number of different tools. -
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 represents the section of part of the shaft and blade of a pick'
with a metallic circlet or collar provided with an elastic encircling
cushion. According to our Invention A is the end of the shaft, which.
is secured by wedges or otherwise into a metallic circlet or collar B.
This collar is made with a recess, into which a ring of caoutchouc C is
sprung. The eye of the pick D is driven upon this ring, which acts as a
cushion to prevent the transmission of the jar of a blow to the handler
or hands holding it, and so prevents wear, both of the eye of the pick
and the collar on the shaft. Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of the

page_text: metallic circlet or collar without the cushion; and Fig. 1' shews a
perspective view of the cushion.
Fig. 2 represents a section of a construction where the cushion C is a
ring of metal softer than the pick, such as malleable cast iron. In this
1
case the circlet or collar B is made with a groove round it at b, into
which the edge of the ring C is bent, after the ring has been slipped up
to its place against the top collar. This style of collar or pick head may
also be adopted for a more elastic cushion.
Fig. 3 represents a section, and Fig. 4 a plan of a construction where
the cushion consists of pieces C of wood or other suitable material driven
into dovetailed recesses in the collar.
Fig. 5 represents a longitudinal, and Fig. 6 a transverse section, and
Fig. 6ª a perspective view, shewing the application according to our
Invention of a cushion to a pick manufactured under a plan embodied
in the Specification of the Patent above referred to, granted to
J. H. Johnson, on the 17th June, 1869, No. 1865, being a communi-
cation from Charles Atwood Hardy. In this case the pick is not formed
with an eye, but is a solid bar recessed on its upper side. The recess or
recesses, when the pick is in place, take bearing against the shoulders
d, d, forming part of the head or socket B. The shaft A is firmly fixed
by wedging or otherwise in this socket, the upper part of which
contains a piece of wood C, or other material suitable for a cushion.
The body of the pick D is passed through the openings in the sides of
the socket B, and its recesses are made to engage on the cross pieces
d, d. A cotter or key E is then driven in under the cushion C, so as
to force it up against the pick, and hold the pick tightly in its place.
The cushion in this case not only relieves the hand of the workman from
jar, but also saves the key E from being shaken loose by vibration. To
prevent the cushion C from being lost when the pick is taken out of the
socket, a small pine is passed through it and through the sides of the
socket, the holes in those sides being slotted to allow the necessary
movement of the cushion.
annlication of a cushion to a

page_text: Fig. 8 represents a section of a pick head similarly constructed, having
a cushion C either sprung in as a ring, or driven like a pair of cotters:
into the socket B, or placed within the head in any position, either
between the head and shaft or within the shaft, so as to effect the
desired purpose.
Fig. 9 represents a transverse section shewing the application
according to our Invention of a cushion to a shaft head, constructed as
described in the Specification of a Patent granted to C. A. Hardy,
J. Harrison, and A. E. Stayner, on the 22nd September, 1871, No. 2498.
In this case the pick D is, made with an oblong mortice, into which
enters a metallic tenon formed on the head of the socket B, this tenon
having as at present made a projecting rim or lip to assist in retaining
the pick in place. The pick is secured by a set screw F passed through
the metal at one side of the mortice, or it may also pass through the
tenon. Here we introduce a cushion C between the tenon and either
side of the mortice, preferably under the lip as shewn in Fig. 9.
Fig. 10 represents a section of a similar pick attachment where we
apply the cushion C as an oblong piece, slotted for the passage of the
tenon through it, thus forming a bed for the pick interposed between it
and the head of the socket.
'
Although we have in the Drawings represented cushions according
to our Invention applied to picks, they may be similarly applied to
hammers, axes, and other striking tools fitted with shafts, as may
readily be understood. And various substances are suitable for such
cushions, such as hard woods, caoutchouc or its harder preparations,
horn, bone, leather, stiff fibrous textures, papier maché, the softer metals
or alloys, and even iron, wrought, or malleable cast, their chief
characteristic being that they should to a certain extent be elastic or
more soft and yielding than the material of the tool to which they are
applied.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we claim,―
First. The use of a cushion in fitting a striking tool to its shaft,
substantially for the purpose and in the manner herein-before

page_text: Second. The construction of collars, or circlets, or heads for receiving
the shafts of striking tools adapted for the reception of cushions,
substantially as herein described, with reference to Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive,
and Fig. 8 of the Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said Charles Atwood Hardy and
Augustus Edward Stayner, have hereunto set our hands and
seals, this Twenty-first day of March, in the year of our Lord One.
thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
CHARLES ATWOOD HARDY.
(L.S.)
AUGUSTUS EDWARD STAYNER. (L.S.)