IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS FOR SHIPS AND IN A NEW AND IMPROVED METHOD OF ANCHORING THE SAME
Year: 1884

page_text: I JAMES HAROLD BARRY of 71 Bishopsgate Street in the City of London,
Master Mariner do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN ANCHORS FOR SHIPS AND IN A NEW AND IMPROVED METHOD OF ANCHORING
THE SAME to be as follows:-
To carry out my invention I fit my anchors with 1, 2, 3, or 4 flukes, the lower
flukes being fixed or hinged as deemed advisable on to the lower part of the shank,
and be it known, that when I use fixed flukes I do so in order to convert the old
Type of Anchor by cutting off one fluke, the other being fixed; but in making new
anchors I prefer to have all the flukes hinged at the shank. The upper fluke or
Bukes being hinged at their length from the Ring in the Crown so that when shut up
or closed together the point of the upper flukes will be in Line with the Ring and the
lower flukes nearly touching the hinges of the upper ones-the Shank of the anchor
will be the same. length as those now in use or longer if necessary but the weight
will not exceed the ordinary weights required for ships of different tonnage-I now.
fit the cable to a shackle at any point from the upper flukes to the middle of shank
and not at the end of the shank as is now the custom in all other anchors thus I
introduce an entirely new system the reason for which is first that at the time of a
vessel having the greatest strain on her cable in deep water the shank of the anchor
is lifted with the chain and thus loosens the hold the flukes have in the ground at
the time such hold is wanted most the upper flukes of my anchor being in the
ground as well as the lower ones and the chain being shackled between them the
strain on the chain comes on all at the same instant the head flukes keeping
the shank down, and prevents it rising off the ground at any angle the Cable may
assume by the length of chain out and depth of water the vessel is in-When the
flukes are hinged; I either take a piece of stream chain or Iron bar and connect
the upper and lower ones together and attach the cable to this at the junction of
the upper flukes so that when a strain is brought on it the flukes open out; and is
shut up when the anchor is up to the hawse, by a chain connecting the flukes on
the lower part of the anchor and attached to the ring at the end of the shank.
When the cat is hooked to this ring it takes all the weight off the cable and pulls
'

page_text: up the flukes so that they lay flat to the shank and when the weight is allowed to
be on the cable the flukes open out, as before described-When this description of
anchor is used I prefer when necessary instead of the chain connecting the upper
part of the flukes as already described that the solid bar used for the purpose be
heavy enough to close the flukes automatically when the anchor is in a vertical
position at the cathead-This anchor takes several forms tho' on the same principle
and is a great boon as it holds to the ground longer and is easilier weighed than
those now in use and the new system of attaching the chain cable from about
one third to half the distance along the shank can be applied to all existing forms
of anchors.

page_text: I JAMES HAROLD BARRY, Lieutenant R.N.R. of 71 Bishopsgate Street in the
City of London do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN ANCHORS FOR SHIPS AND IN A NEW AND IMPROVED METHOD FOR ANCHORING
THE SAME and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
To carry out my invention I fit my Anchor with 1, 2, 3 or 4 flukes the lower
flukes being fixed or hinged as deemed advisable and when I use fixed or hinged
flukes not connected by my automatic shank I do so to convert the present type of
Anchors and the old type of Anchor may be used for mooring by doing away with
one Fluke, the other being fixed.-In making new Anchors I prefer to have the
Flukes hinged at the Shank as those shewn in drawings sheet 1 and 2 the Flukes
are their length from the ring on the Shank as in all Figures sheets 1 & 2. I shew
a tandem Anchor with one Fluke before the other Fig 3 Sheet 1 Fig 2 Sheet 2.-
these Flukes are both hinged and close up, but only work on the one side and the
attachment P. C is a fixture to which is a Shackle "S. H"-the shanks of the
Anchor S S. will in nearly all cases be the same length as those now in use but may
be made longer if necessary but the weight will not exceed the weights required
for vessels of different tonnage.-I fit in all cases except as in Fig. 3 Sheet 1. Fig 2
Sheet 2. a Revolving band or disc to which a shackle S. H' is fitted and at any
point from the Ring to the centre of the Shank S as shewn in all Figs Sheet 1 and 2
and not at the end of the shank as now in use, in all other, Anchors; Thus I
introduce an entirely new system, the reason for which is first, that at the time a
vessel has the greatest strain on her cable in deep water, the Shank of the Anchor
is lifted with the strain on her cable to an angle almost in line with her chain
Cable thus the Flukes are drawn up and loose their hold on the ground at the time
such hold is wanted most. When single or double tandem Anchors are used the
upper Flukes are kept in the ground by the strain as well as the lower ones and
the chain being shackled on at about the centre of the Shank it keeps the Anchor
horizontal along the bottom the strain being on a direct mechanical principle
I may make the Flukes automatic by connecting them with an iron bar or
supplementary shank to the top of which I shackle the Cable as at dotted line
Fig 3. Sheet 1 so that when a strain is brought on the Flukes they open and when
taken off they shut.-These Anchors may take several forms automatically tho' on
the same principle of shackling the chain to the centre of the Shank instead of at the
end as at present. These Anchors are easier weighted and come up higher to the
hawse pipe and this principle can be applied to all existing forms of Anchors.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS-Fig. 1 Sheet 1 is a Flat palmed Anchor to be used
instead of an ordinary one and may be used for ordinary ships the shank has a
short stock below the Flukes-F at S T with head shackle S. H. and an ordinary
shank S S with my patent attachment P. C.-Fig. 1. Sheet 2 is the same Anchor
in side elevation. S H. the shackle of the new attachment is at an angle of 45°°
shewing the shackle of the Anchor horizontal along the bottom.-S. T. the stock
or pin answers the twofold purpose of stock and pin.

page_text: Figs. 2 and 3 Sheet 2 is a description of Anchor known as a "Martin" with
heavy end E and bevelled Flukes. F. and with short shank S.-The new attach-
ment P. C with Shackle SH Fig 3 at 450° of angle at which the shank remains
horizontal along the bottom.-Sheet 2 is a tandem Anchor with one fluke-
Fa. behind the other F. b both movable flukes working on the pins P P and in
front the Fluke F. b. being fixed this being a mooring Anchor. Fig. 4 Sheet 2 is a
type of Anchor with one fluke. F. an open shank S. S. 1 to permit of Fluke going
freely through it at S. 1.-S T being short stock to prevent it remaining on its side
or taking the ground-Fig. 6 is (like Fig. 1 with short shank and short stock S. T.
only the Flukes F. are wedged in by a key at K. and the Flukes are like those at
Figs. 2 and 5. The dotted lines Fig 3 Sheet 1 shews the suplimentary Shank which
forms the automatic action of the Flukes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I, declare that what
I claim is
First. An Anchor provided with 1, 2, 3 or 4 Flukes which may either be fixed or
hinged, and in the latter case may be connected by rods or chains so as to fold
simultaneouly substantially as shewn and described.
Second. In Anchors as above attaching the cable at a point above the centre of
the Shank, in the manner herein before described and shewn in the accompanying
drawings.
ART
500