IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR DOUBLING AND SPINNING
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Drabble, of Chesterfield, in the County of
Derby, Cotton Doubler, and John Smith Raworth, of Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Drabble and
John Smith Raworth at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 1st April 1870.
We, JOHN DRABBLE, of Chesterfield, in the County of Derby, Cotton
Doubler, and JOHN SMITH Raworth, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR DOUBLING AND SPINNING," to be as
follows:-
:-
This Invention is applicable to doubling frames for cotton or other
kinds of yarn or thread, and is for the prevention of waste, known as
roller laps, which waste is occasioned by the breaking of the threads
and the continuation of motion in the feeding rollers, whereby the
thread being no longer under the drag of the bobbin becomes wound
round the feed rollers until stopped by the attendant.

page_text: In carrying out our Invention we propose to apply a separate stop
motion to the feed rollers of each spindle, whereby on the breaking of
the thread the top roller is separated from the bottom one by the inter-
vention of a wedge or plate. This plate may be flat, but we prefer to
curve it to the cylindrical shape of the bottom roller upon which it rests,
and with which it would revolve were it not for a wire in connection
with it and resting upon the thread. The wedge or plate is placed on
the entering side of the rollers so that on the breaking of the thread it
is drawn in between them up to a certain point, past which it is pre-
vented from going by a stop, the end of the thread is thus detained
between the plate and the top roller until picced up by the attendant.
Our Invention is applicable to flax spinning machines and to all
similar machines where the top feed roller is driven by friction resting
upon the bottom one. We also apply the same principle to doubling
winding frames, that is, frames for winding two or more threads from
two or more bobbins or cops on to one bobbin previous to their being
twisted in the doubling frame. In these frames the winding on bobbin
rests upon a drum and is driven by friction, we propose to stop the
revolution of the bobbin on the breaking of any one of the threads that
are being wound on to it by the introduction of a wedge or plate between
the drum and the bobbin.
SPECIFICATION in pursuanec of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Drabble and John Smith Raworth in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th September 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, JOHN
DRABBLE, of Chesterfield, in the County of Derby, Cotton Doubler,
and JOHN SMITH RAWORTHI, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-third
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said John Drabble and John Smith Raworth, Her
special licence that we, the said John Drabble and John Smith Raworth,

page_text: our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we; the said
John Drabble and John Smith Raworth, our executors, administrators,
and assigus, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thercaſter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within tho
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR
DOUBLING AND SPIENING," upon the condition (amongst others) that we,
the said John Drabble and John Smith Rawarth, our exccutors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one
of our or their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Drabble and John Smith
Raworth, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement (that is to say) :—
This Invention is for the prevention of waste in machines for doubling
and spinning cotton and other fibrous materials, which waste is occasioned
by the breaking of the threads and the continuation of motion in the
feeding rollers, whereby the thread being no longer under the drag of
the bobbin becomes wound round the feed rollers until stopped by the
attendant.
The principle upon which our Invention is founded is the intervention
of a plate or wedge between the rollers, whereby the top roller is stopped
and further motion of the thread effectually prevented.
The mechanism we use in carrying out this principle will be better
understood by referring to the Drawings.
Fig. 1 is a cross section through the rollers of an ordinary doubling
frame. a is the bottom roller, to which motion is directly imparted by
gearing, as usual. The top roller & is caused to rotate by contact with
the bottom roller, and the power which may thus be transmitted to it
is limited by the friction due to its own weight. c is a thin plate which
we interpose between the rollers when the thread breaks down. The
plate c is connected with the lever e by the wire d. In front of the
roller a and in immediate contact with the thread is a lever y connected

page_text: by a rod with the lever e. It will be seen that the lever g is only
maintained in the position shewn in the Drawing by the tension of the
thread, and that when the thread breaks the lever will fall forward
and through the rods and lever f, c, d, will pull forward the plate c until
it is caught by the rollers a and b, thereby preventing the further
delivery of the thread. When the attendant replaces the thread and
the lever the other parts assume the positions shewn in the Drawings.
Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the lever g; Fig. 3 is a front elevation
of the lever e; Fig. 4 is a plan of the plate and wire c and d.
Fig. 5 shews another arrangement for effecting the same purpose.
In this instance we curve the plate c to the cylindrical shape of the
bottom roller a. The wire d, which is attached to the plate c, is curved
under the roller and finishes in a hook which rests upon the thread.
When the thread breaks the friction between the roller a and the plate c
causes the latter to revolve with the roller a until the roller is lifted
out of contact with the roller a by the wedge-shaped end of the plate c.
The rod mis introduced to assist the thread to bear the drag of the
wire d. The rod m is supported from the guide rail p by the rod o and
lever, which lever is introduced to prevent the rod m from interfering
with the wire d when the guide rail p is turned back.
Fig. 6 is a view of the plate c and wire d before being bent to the
curve shewn in Fig. 5.
a
Fig. 7 shows another arrangement for effecting the same purpose.
and are the bottom and top rollers; c is the plate; 7 is a lever which
at one end is jointed loosely to the plate c, and at the end rests upon the
thread. When the thread breaks the lever r falls backward under the
roller a, and acting against the ordinary saddle bar & pushes the plate c
forward until it is caught by the rollers a and b. In frames where there
is plenty of room the lever 7 may be introduced between the saddle bar 8
and the stud rail t.
Fig. S is a plan of the plate c and the lever projected from Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 is a detached view of the lever ; Fig. 10 is a detached view of
the plate c.
Fig. 11 shews an arrangement for supporting the cops
which may be
advantageously used in connection with either of the three apparatus
just described or without them. The rod u runs the whole length of the
frame, and is supported on bearers v. The rod u carries a number of

page_text: rocking frames to, which are so constructed that the centre of gravity
of the frame wo and cop x falls below the rod u. The yarn is pulled off
the cop in the direction of the arrow. It will be seen that should the
yarn resist the process of unwinding (which resistance generally occurs
near the top of the cop) the frame to and cop x will tip forward until the
cop has assumed a position more favorable to the unwinding of the yarn.
A light brake is centred upon the rod u for the purpose of preventing
the cop overrunning the yarn so as to produce "snarls." The brake is
balanced so as to exert a decreasing pressure upon the cop as the tension
upon the yarn increases. The stop y is introduced to keep the frame
steady as long as the yarn unwinds freely.
=
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the mode of
carrying it into effect, we wish it to be understood that the points we
claim are the following:-
First. The arrangement described and shewn in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4.
Secondly. The arrangement described and shewn in Figs. 5 and 6.
Thirdly. The arrangement described and shewn in Figs. 7, 8, 9,
and 10.
Fourthly. We claim the application of cither of the above arrange-
ments to machines where a bobbin occupies the place of the top roller
marked either in winding on, as in doubling winding frames, or in
unwinding, as in silk throwing.
Fifthly. We claim any modifications of the foregoing arrangements
that may be rendered necessary by the peculiarities of the different frames
to which they may be applied.
And, sixthly. We claim the method of supporting the cops in
independent balanced frames, as shewn in Fig. 11, with a brake the
force of which shall decrease as the tension on the yarn increases.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Drabble and John Smith
Raworth, have hereto set our hands and scals, this Twenty-eighth
day of September, One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
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