IMPROVEMENTS IN TUBULAR STEAM-BOILERS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Gabriel Kamensky, of Maida Hill, Paddington, in the
County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TUBULAR
STEAM-BOILERS." A communication from abroad by Demetrius Novikoff, of
Dresno, in the Empire of Russia.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Gabriel Kamensky at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd November 1881.
GABRIEL KAMENSKY, of Maida Hill, Paddington, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TUBULAR STEAM BOILERS." A communication from abroad
by Demetrius Novikoff, of Dresno, in the Empire of Russia.
According to this Invention the boiler consists of an upper and lower chamber
communicating between themselves by means of tubes, three inches in diameter or
thereabouts, these tubes are on a level with the bottom of the upper chamber, and
terminate at the top of the lower chamber.
Inside these tubes internal flues are fixed, of lesser diameter than the tubes
reaching from the top of the upper chamber to the bottom of the lower chainber.
The internal flues have a screw thread cut at both ends, and are joined to the
walls of the chambers by means of nuts in such a way that the internal thread of
the nut takes the tube, and the external thread of the nut takes the external
plates of the upper and lower chambers of the boiler.
The boiler is provided with a stean chamber, and also with a chamber for
heating the feed water and maintaining it at its proper level.
All the boiler fixtures, with the exception of the water gauge, are fixed to the
steam chamber.
The brickwork is so arranged that the heating apparatus (such as furnaces,
combustion chamber, or other parts) is constructed at the side of the boiler.
The flame circulates among the external tubes, then passes into the lower
chamber and circulates through the internal flues, and finally escapes through the
sinoke-stack.

page_text: The boiler need not be set in brickwork, but the outer shell may be constructed
of iron faced with brickwork, and filled with water so as to feed the boiler.
In order to clean the boiler it is sufficient to unscrew the nuts and remove the
internal flues.
The novel features in this boiler consist in the use of double tubes, also that the
flame surrounding their external surface and the combustion of gases in the
internal flues effectually heats the water between the two tubes.
The following advantages are also realized in boilers constructed on this system,
viz. :-
1°. Rapid evaporation of water and production of steam.
20. Economy of material used in construction.
3°. Economy in space, as the heating surface is very large compared with the
size of the boiler.
4°. Safety from boiler explosion, as the boiler consists solely of tubes.
5°. A considerable economy in fuel.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Gabriel Kamensky iu the Great Seal Patent Office on the 1st May
1882.
GABRIEL KAMENSKY, of Maida Hill, Paddington, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TUBULAR STEAM BOILERS." A communication from abroad
by Demetrius Novikoff, of Dresno, in the Empire of Russia.
According to this Invention the boiler consists of an upper and lower chamber
communicating between themselves by means of tubes, three inches in diameter or
thereabouts, these tubes are on a level with the bottom of the upper chamber, and
terminate at the top of the lower chamber.
Inside these tubes internal flues are fixed of lesser diameter than the tubes,
reaching from the top of the upper chamber to the bottom of the lower chamber.
The internal flues have a screw thread cut at both ends, and are joined to the
walls of the chambers by means of nuts in such a way that the internal thread of
the nut takes the tube, and the external thread of the nut takes the external
plates of the upper and lower chambers of the boiler.
The boiler is provided with a steam chamber and also with a chamber for
heating the feed water and maintaining it at its proper level.
All the boiler fixtures, with the exception of the water gauge, are fixed to the
steam-chamber.
The brick-work is so arranged that the heating apparatus (such as furnaces,
combustion chamber, or other parts) is constructed at the side of the boiler.
The flame circulates among the external tubes, then passes into the lower
chamber and circulates through the internal flues, and finally escapes through the
sinoke stack.
The boiler need not be set in brickwork, but the outer shell may be constructed
of iron faced with brickwork, and filled with water so as to feed the boiler.
In order to clean the boiler it is sufficient to unscrew the nuts and remove the
internal flues.
The novel features in this boiler consist in the use of double tubes, also that the
flame surrounding their external surface and the combustion of gases in the
internal flues effectually heats the water between the two tubes.
The following advantages are also realized in boilers constructed on this system,
vis. :-
1°. Rapid evaporation of water and production of steam.
2°. Economy of material used in construction.
3°. Economy in space, as the heating surface is very large compared with the
size of the boiler.
4°. Safety from boiler explosion, as the boiler consists solely of tubes.
5°. A considerable econoiny of fuel.
And in order that the Invention may be more clearly understood and readily
carried into practice, I will proceed to describe the same more fully with reference
to the Drawings hereto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the boiler; Figure 2 represents the section C, D,
through the line A; and Figure 3 is an outside elevation of the boiler.
This boiler consists of an upper and lower chambers A and C connected by
tubes B, these tubes are on a level with the lower surface of the upper chamber,
and terminate at the unner surface of the lower chamber.

page_text: Within the tubes B are placed interior flues T of smaller diameter than the
tubes, these flues starting from the lower surface of the upper chamber A terminate
at the lower surface of the lower chamber C. The tubes B are fastened to the
chambers by means of lap joints, but the flues T are fastened either by lap joints
or by means of nuts having a screw thread both outside and inside. The internal
thread screws on to the thread on the ends of the tube, while the external thread
screws into the chamber plates.
This boiler is fitted with a feeder D, Figure 3, for supplying it with water.
The boiler is set in brick work in such a way that the heating is carried on at
the side, the flame circulates among the tubes B, goes under the boiler, and
ascending through the flues T escapes into the smoke stack E, and is carried off by
the chimney.
'
The boiler need not be set in brick work, but may be placed in a double iron
shell, as shown in Figure 1, filled with water which supplies the boiler.
Similarly the heating apparatus and the apparatus for allowing the flame to
pass from underneath the boiler to the back of it may be constructed in metal
instead of brickwork.
The water by means of the feeder D, Figure 3, enters the lower chamber and
shell, and thus rises between the tubes B and T; in this manner the outer surface
of the tubes B is surrounded by flame, and the heated gases passing through the
internal flues T heat and evaporate the water.
The principal advantages claimed for boilers constructed on this system are:-
1. Rapid evaporation of water.
II. Economy in space, as the heating surface is very large compared with the
size of the boiler.
III.-Economy-of-metal-used-in-construction.
IV. Immunity from boiler explosions, as the steam is only formed in the tubes.
V. A considerable economy in fuel.
No claim is made to any of the parts separately, which are well known and in
common use.
The novel features of this improved construction of tubular steam boilers, and
which are claimed on behalf of the said Demetrius Novikoff under the above in
part recited Letters Patent consist in the improved arrangement, combination, and
application of double tubes, one placed inside the other and heated both externally
and internally, substantially in the manner and for the purpose hereinbefore
described and represented in the Drawings hereto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Gabriel Kamensky, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.