IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR COMPRESSING WOOL OR OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Daniel James Field, of Auborn House, Ashton-
on-Mersey, in the County of Chester, and Ishmael William Lister,
of Wellfield, Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, for the In-
vention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR COMPRESSING WOOL OR
OTHER SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 7th December 1869, and dated the 9th June 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Daniel James Field
and Ishmael William Lister at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 9th June 1869.
We, DANIEL JAMES FIELD, of Auborn House, Ashton-on-Mersey, in
the County of Chester, and ISHMAEL WILLIAM LISTER, of Wellfield,
Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR COMPRESSING
WOOL OR OTHER SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
Hitherto it has been customary in machines that have compressing

page_text: rollers, between which the material that has to be compressed passes,
for the rollers to be pressed together by means of steps or bearings
pressing against the axles or shafts of the said rollers; but our Invention
consists in pressing the said rollers together by means of antifriction
pullies pressing against the axles or shafts of the said rollers. By this
means the. machines will require less power to drive them.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,,
filed by the said Daniel James Field and Ishmael William Lister in,
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th December 1869..
TO. ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, DANIEL
JAMES FIELD, of Auborn House, Ashton-on-Mersey, in the County of
Chester, and ISHMAEL WILLIAM LISTER, of Wellfield, Rochdale, in the
County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the. thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself; Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Daniel James Field and Ishmael William
Lister, Her special license that we, the said Daniel James Field and
Ishmael William Lister, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said Daniel James Field and Ishmael William
Lister, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-.
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR COMPRESSING WOOL OR
SUBSTANCES,' upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
Daniel James Field and Ishmael William Lister, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or
one of our or their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
"

page_text: Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Daniel James Field and Ishmael
William Lister, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement and
accompanying Drawings (that is to say) :-
Our improvements consist as follows:-Hitherto it has been cus-
tomary in machines that have compressing rollers, between which the
material that has to be compressed passes, for the rollers to be pressed
together by means of steps or bearings pressing against the axles or
shafts of the said rollers; but our Invention consists in pressing the
said rollers together by means of antifriction pullies pressing against
the axles or shafts of the said rollers.
will require less power to drive them.
By this means the machines
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained
in detail we have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings made upon a
scale of about three inches to a foot, similar letters of reference being
marked upon corresponding parts of the apparatus.
Figure 1 represents an end view of a wringing or mangling machine
with our improvements applied; Figure 2 is a front view of one end
of the machine. In the Figures a, a, is the framing of the machine;
b, the top, and 6' the bottom rollers; the shafts or axles of the bottom
roller 6 rest in the antifriction pullies c, c, (shewn partly in dotted
lines), the axles of which pullies fits loosely into and is supported by.
the framing a, a. The top roller b rests on the bottom b' as usual when
nothing is passing between them, and the axles work loosely in the
framing a, a. d, d, are antifriction pullies which rest on the axles or
shafts of the top roller 6 and turn loosely on the shaft or axis d'; on
this axis between the two pullies d, d, is a saddle e, over which goes the
strap or connecting rod f, which has a hook at the lower end which
takes hold of a pin in the crank g, which works loosely on the stud h
which is fast to the frame a; the pin in the crank g is also taken hold
of by one end of the spiral spring i, the lower end of which is connected
to a bolt j, which is fastened to the frame a by means of the nuts k, so

page_text: that the pressure on the rollers can be regulated by means of the nuts k.
The use of the crank g is to make the pressure the same, whether there
are thick or thin substances passing between the rollers. The way it
acts is as follows:-When something thin is passing between the rollers
the crank will be in about the position shown on the Drawing, when
the connecting rod f will have little power to pull open the spring, but
if something thick passes between the rollers the connecting rod f lifts
the pin in the crank g until it is about as high as the stud h, when
the connecting rod f has more power to pull open the spring, but at
the same time that the connecting rod f lifts up the stud in the crank g
it also extends the spring i, which causes it to pull harder against the
connecting rod f, so that one equalises the other. In place of the
crank g, as shown, an eccentric might be used, but we prefer the
crank.
Figures 3 and 4 show another way of carrying our Invention into
effect. a, a, is the framing; b is one end of the bottom, and b', one
end of the top roller on the axle of the bottom roller, which works
loosely; in a slot of the frame a is fastened a pulley c, which is supported
by the pulley d, which has two flanges and revolves on a stud e, which
is fast to the frame a On the axle of the top roller ', which also
works loosely in a slot of the frame a, is fastened a pulley, which has
two flanges.
If the rollers and b₁ are both of the same diameter
the pullies c and f should also be alike in diameter.
9, 9, is an
elastic metalic hoop or spring which goes over the pulley f and under
the pulley d and presses them towards each other.
are caused to revolve the pulley c in the bottom roller resting on the
pulley d causes it to revolve, and thereby revolves the hoop g, which
pressing on the pulley f on the top roller revolves with it in the same
direction, by which means the friction is considerably reduced.
When the rollers
Having now described the nature of our Invention, together with
the method of carrying the same into practical effect, we wish it to
be understood that we do not limit ourselves to the details herein
set forth, as many variations may be made; but we claim as our
Invention,―
First. The combined application to two or more rollers and use of
entifriction nullias or metallic hoons for pressing the rollers together.

page_text: Secondly. The application and use of the crank or eccentric for
equalizing the pressure on the rollers when springs are employed to give
the pressure.
In witness whereof, we, the said Daniel James Field and Ishmael
William Lister, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Seventh day of December, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-nine.
DANIEL JAMES FIELD.
(L.S.)
ISHMAEL WILLIAM LISTER.
(L.s.)