matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
"CERTAIN IN GASALIERS, AND PARTS ORDINARILY USED IN CONNECTION
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Reuben Phelps at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 9th June 1880.
REUBEN PHELPS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick.
IMPROVEMENTS
THEREWITH.
"
"CERTAIN
IN GASALIERS, AND PARTS ORDINARILY USED IN CONNECTION
The chief feature of novelty in my Invention consists in the combination or
arrangement of parts of a gasalier, so that the bottom part or body which carries
the arms or branches may be lowered or drawn down for the purpose of lighting,
extinguishing, and cleaning with facility, and dispensing with the balance weights
usually employed, imparting a more presentable appearance.
To the ordinary hydraulic slide as employed to a gasalier, being that part known
as the outside tube, and where the water cup is usually affixed, I arrange or fix
two studs horizontally, while to the exterior of the said tube I employ a second
tube having one or more slots, in which the studs above referred to travel vertically.
These slots have apertures at certain distances, of a crescent or suitable shape,
so that when it is desired to lower the body of the gasalier, all that is required is to
release the studs by giving the body a rotatory movement from the aperture in
which they are held, and then readjusting at any required distance; upon the
return or ascertaining movement it is facilitated by means of a spiral or other
spring secreted in the outside tube, which also assists in locking the studs in the
apertures.
In some cases I may employ a collar to the upper part of the outside tube
carrying two or more rollers; these will engage in slots at convenient distances
in the second tube, and held in position by lamina or other springs compressing
the same.
For securing the globe to the gallery or glass holder, I adopt the triangular or
circular now employed, but to the thumb stud (and which has hitherto been screwed)
I arrange by feeding upon the inner part a spiral spring, so that when it is
compressed sufficient space is made to allow of the globe passing into the gallery
or holder; upon releasing the pressure it regains its normal position and the globe
securely held.
MENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE SPINNING OF FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Riley at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd March 1880.
"IMPROVE-
EDWARD RILEY, of Droylsden, in the County of Lancaster, Agent.
MENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE SPINNING OF FIBROUS MATERIALS."
My Invention relates to throstles, or to apparatus employed in the spinning of
fibrous materials, and principally to the spinning of cotton. In lieu of the ordinary
flyer and bobbin I employ an inverted flyer, and I wind the yarn upon a spindle
in the form of a cop. The said flyer is formed or provided with a collar, which
revolves in bearings in a rail or in rails, and is provided with a whorl, by means
of which it is driven. A spindle is mounted in bearings in a bolster and footstep,
and extends through the said collar on the flyer. The said footstep is carried by
a lifting rail, which rises and falls as the formation of the cop proceeds. In another
arrangement the cottar of the flyer is made sufficiently large to admit of the
passage of the cop, whereby the lengths of the flyer and spindle are reduced. The
spindle is rotated by the drag of the yarn.
MENTS IN TUBE EXPANDERS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Sonnenthal at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th April 1880. A communication from
abroad by Pierre Revollon, of Moulins, France.
" IMPROVE-
MENTS IN TUBE EXPANDERS." [A communication from abroad by Pierre Revollon,
of Moulins, France.]
GEORGE SONNENTHAL, of Queen Victoria Street, City of London.
This Invention of improvements in tube expanders relates to the expanders used
for fixing tubes and ferrules in the shells of boilers, and in similar places, where to
fix the tubes and ferrules it is necessary to swell out or bulge the ends, whether
end tubes be of iron, steel, brass, copper, or other suitable metal.
It is composed of a long central taper cone of steel or other suitable metal, having
a square head for a wrench. The dimensions of this cone, say for a tube of 3 inches
diameter, will be about 16 inches long, about one inch and ½ diameter at the
large end, and 5/8 inch at the other, according to the size. 4, 5, 6, or upwards, in -
number of cylinders or plugs each, say of a length of 4 inches, and slightly tapering,
say from 1 inch to 7/8 of an inch, are placed within the tube to be expanded, and
the long central taper cone is inserted in the middle of them. On the application
of rotative force and slight pressure through a wrench or arms acting on the central
cone it dilates the tube or ferrule and fixes the tube in the plate.
There are many advantages in this apparatus.
It is very simple and inexpensive in construction.
It is capable of being used for several sizes, one or two less taper plugs or one
or two more increasing its adaptability for other sizes.
It is used with very little manual labour.
It is not liable to get out of order.
It is capable of fixing the ferrules as well as the tubes.
It gives great economy in working the tubes, scarcely ever splitting them.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF MANUFACTURING CLOTH COMPOSED OF A MIXTURE OF VEGETABLE SILK WITH WOOL."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Charles Henderson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd February 1880. A communi-
cation from abroad by Pierre Puech, Manufacturer, of Mazamet, in the
Department of Tarn, in the Republic of France.
ARTHUR CHARLES HENDERSON, of 6, Southampton Buildings, Holborn, in the
County of Middlesex. AN IMPROVED MODE OF MANUFACTURING CLOTH COMPOSED
OF A MIXTURE OF VEGETABLE SILK WITH WOOL." A communication from abroad
by Pierre Puech, Manufacturer, of Mazamet, in the Department of Tarn, in the
Republic of France.
The subject of the present Invention is a new cloth obtained by mixing with
wool a kind of vegetable silk found in abundance as a wild plant in the plains of
La Plata and Louisiana; it is remarkable for great whiteness, and an extraordinary
Bilkiness, and possesses the properties requisite for the manufacture of cloth mixed
with wool, forming a new kind of cloth.
The plant from which the silk is obtained is of a silky grain of the family
asclepiadece (asclepias syriaca of Linnæus.)
The process of manufacture is as follows:-
The silk freed from its grains is ready for mixing with the wool, which latter is
chosen of a colour most suitable for the mixture.
The wool taken in appropriate quantity is prepared for carding, that is to say, it
is beaten, scoured, and passed once through the deviling machine.
The requisite quantity of vegetable silk is thrown on the wool, and the whole passed
through the deviling machine for producing an intimate mixture; it is then carded,
and spun in the usual manner; it is oiled; it is well cleaned by fulling the cloth;
it is then dried without any teasing; it is shorn if desired; and is well pressed.
Any shade of colour of cloth can be manufactured by varying the proportions of
the mixture of vegetable silk with wool.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS OR SAFETY GUARD FOR PREVENTING ACCIDENTS WITH CIRCULAR SAWS AND OTHER CUTTING MACHINERY
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Robert Dale at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th February 1880.
EDWARD ROBERT DALE, of Glanvilles, Wootton, in the County of Dorset, Esquire.
"AN IMPROVED APPARATUS OR SAFETY GUARD FOR PREVENTING ACCIDENTS WITH
CIRCULAR SAWS AND OTHER CUTTING MACHINERY."
This Invention has for its object the manufacture of an improved apparatus or
safety guard for preventing accidents to operatives while using or working circular
saws and other cutting machinery.
The Invention consists of a bracket, which is or may be bolted to the top of the
saw table, through which passes a spindle, on one end of which are placed two
guards, one fixed to it, the other loose, and it falls by its own weight. The
opposite end of the said spindle is or may be cranked, to which is jointed at one
end or connecting rod, and at the other end is jointed to a lever on a spindle which
carries a suitable shaped cam lever or other suitable contrivance, which projects
through the top of the saw table. When required some parts of the apparatus
may be fixed to the wall or roof of the workshop. The action of the apparatus is
thus described :-When the timber or other material to be cut is pushed along the
table, it presses down the cam; the lever or other contrivance pulls down the
crank by means of the connecting rod, and so lifts the guard in front of the saw
and above the timber or other material to pass, but again falls when the timber
has passed it. The timber pushes up the loose guard, which again falls by its own
weight when the timber has passed it.
When required all parts of the apparatus may be made adjustable, and fitted
with weights and springs to suit the particular machine or saw tables to which it is
fitted.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Dan Sykes, Parker Pontefract, and
Joseph Albert Greenwood, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on
the 6th December 1880.
DAN SYKES, PARKER PONTEFRACT, and JOSEPH ALBERT GREENWOOD, all of
Digley Mills, near Holmfirth, in the County of York. IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
FOR WEAVING."
"
This Invention relates to looms having rising and falling shuttle boxes, and
consists in a new combination and arrangement of parts, whereby the boxes may
be lowered easy and gradually by self acting mechanism with mechanical exactness,
by which means the shock occasioned by their being allowed to drop from box to
box is avoided, and its consequent wear and tear.
The improvements consist in employing a pendant arm hanging from the upper
box lever, being provided with teeth so as to form a rack on one side thereof, in
which gears a pinion wheel running loose upon a short stud fixed into a bracket.
On the said stud is keyed a ratchet wheel actuated in one direction by a catch
attached to and moved by the pinion wheel, so that when the shuttle boxes are
released and begin to descend the pinion is caused to revolve, taking with it the
catch in gear with the ratchet wheel, which is thereby turned, but prevented going
too quickly by a weighted strap passing over a friction or break pulley also keyed
upon the stud; when the shuttle boxes rise the rack on the pendant arm causes the
pinion wheel to move in the opposite direction, and the ratchet wheel remains
stationary.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND PROPULSION OF STEAM AND OTHER SHIPS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Nicholas Stick at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st November 1880.
NICHOLAS STICK, of Hammersmith, in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND PROPULSION OF STEAM AND OTHER SHIPS."
My Invention relates to improvements in the construction and propulsion of
steam and other ships, whereby the speed, stability, and facilities for steering are
increased.
In carrying out my Invention the boat, which may be termed a twin-screw paddle
wheel boat, is constructed in the following manner, viz. :-
The bow of the boat is that of an ordinary vessel, the boat continuing to be a
single boat for a certain distance from the bow, varying according to the size and
length of the vessel; from this point the vessel gradually becomes a double one,
until it is altogether so, up to a trifle above the water line, having two distinct
bottoms, two screw propellers and two rudders, which are placed in precisely the
same favourable position as in a vessel with a single screw and single keel (that
is to say, behind the stern posts). Or the vessel may be altogether single so far
back as the midship section, when it more suddenly becomes double. Below the
water line the stern of the vessel closely resembles two vessels placed side by side.
Between the double portion of the vessel and a distance before the screw
propellers is placed a large paddle-wheel or wheels, in which position it or they will
be entirely secured from damage from without, and not be liable at any time to be
thrown out of water as is the case in ordinary paddle-boats. This wheel or wheels
will of necessity pass through the upper portion of the vessel, which in other
respects nearly resembles that of ordinary vessels.
If desired the screw boat may be constructed without the paddle wheel or wheels,
the distance between the double portion of the vessel being reduced, thus bringing
the stern-posts, propellers, and rudders nearer together, and slightly altering the
shape of the vessel between the double portion.
A vessel built in accordance with my Invention may be of any size and of the
finest lines, and the most approved propellers and machinery may be used.
CERTAIN PARTS OF UMBRELLAS, PARASOLS, AND SUNSHADES."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Baker at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th November 1880.
THOMAS BAKER, of Forest Gate, in the County of Essex.
CERTAIN PARTS OF UMBRELLAS, PARASOLS, AND SUNSHADES."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
This Invention relates chiefly to an improved construction of the supporting ribs
and stretchers, whereby amongst other advantages greatly increased strength is
obtained. This new form of rib and stretcher admits of the joints being so made
that they have no sharp or angular edges to cut or quickly wear the silk or other
material, but that it is by the form of ribs and stretchers and the resulting
smoothness of joints preserved from such injury.
This Invention consists in making or forming the ribs and stretchers for umbrellas,
for umbrellas, parasols, and sunshades in such manner that the ribs or stretchers
thus formed will represent in section the union of three half circles parallel to
each other, two of which, the outside ones, will be the lower halves of circles, whilst
the centre one is the upper half of a circle. Or the central part may be of a
diameter relatively larger than the lower halves of circles, and in some cases I may
make the two outer portions of such a segment of a circle as to be nearly flat in
section. Or I may retain the upper part of circle as the foundation of the rib with
two supporting auxiliary portions or flanges, which by preference are sectionally of
the form of a segment of a circle, so as to give increased strength, but which flanges
may in some cases be made flat.
My new form admits of such an improved construction of joints attaching the
rib to the stretcher and notch, that greater strength is given at such parts,
whilst they lie closer and more neatly; at the same the uniting seams of the
material employed may come within the central part of rib, and the umbrella,
parasol, or sunshade can be folded up or rolled up into a narrower or smaller
compass than occupied by those ordinarily in use.
I propose in some cases to use my improved ribs with some or any of the
stretchers at present in use, which may necessitate cutting away or removing at
places some slight portions of the ribs.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE DOBBY, JACQUARD, OR OTHER LIKE APPARATUS FOR ACTUATING HEALDS OR HARNESS USED IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Clayton and Thomas Richmond
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th April 1880.
JOHN CLAYTON and THOMAS RICHMOND, both of Burnley, in the County of
Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE DOBBY, JACQUARD, OR OTHER LIKE APPARATUS
FOR ACTUATING HEALDS OR HARNESS USED IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Our improvements consists in a novel arrangement of levers in lieu of needles or
wires used in the dobby, jacquard, or like apparatus, such lovers being acted
upon by the pattern barrels or other like means, which will determine whether the
said levers shall act as ellevators or depressors to actuate the healds or harness, by
which means we are enabled to dispence with the springs or weights, and also give
greater facility to the weaver in piecing broken ends, the warp threads being
brought together in a similar manner to the warp threads in a plain loom.
We will now describe the action of the aforesaid lovers. These levers are placed.
on two shafts parallel to each other, to one or both of which a too and fro motion
is imparted (from the crank or tappit shaft); one lever from one shaft is jointed to
its fellow of the other shaft, so that with the outward movement of one or both of
the aforesaid shafts the jointed lovers are drawn out perpendicular to their length,
at which time the healds are level; the levers being acted upon by the pattern
barrels determine in which direction the jointed levers will be moved, whether to
act as ellevators or depressors by the inward movement of the aforesaid shaft or
shafts, whereby the healds are actuated.
MENTS IN FURNACES FOR THE PREVENTION OF SMOKE, AND INCREASING THE EVAPORATIVE POWER OF STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Jackson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th December 1880.
" IMPROVE-
JOHN JACKSON, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer.
MENTS IN FURNACES FOR THE PREVENTION OF SMOKE, AND INCREASING THE
EVAPORATIVE POWER OF STEAM BOILERS."
My Invention consists of improvements in furnaces for the prevention of smoke
and increasing the evaporative power of steam boilers.
For this purpose I construct two chambers, which I will call oxygen chambers,
into which I receive the air in the first instance, and from whence it is diffused by
means of numerous perforations in the fixed plates in the front of the furnace, and
also in the movable plate at the top of the second chamber.
The first of the said chambers being constructed in the front of the furnace,
and the second being placed behind the bridge at the back of the furnace.
The front chamber is formed in the following manner -The front of the furnace
is brought out from the boiler from one to two inches, according to the size of
the fire grate, thus leaving a cavity between the said front of the furnace and the
boiler, through which the air enters; at the back of this chamber is fixed plates
about six inches from the front area, which is pierced with half inch holes, one inch
apart;
the air is introduced to the furnace through these numerous perforations
in finely divided streams in jets, and thus readily assimilate with the various
gases.
The second chamber is formed behind the bridge of the furnace, and the air
enters this by means of a cavity at the bottom of the bridge underneath the furnace
bars; the admission of air is regulated by a movable door, to which a lever is
attached; the top of the chamber is covered by a movable perforated plate,
through which the air enters the flue in jets or streams similar to the front of the
furnace. This plate is connected by a lever and bar; when the furnace door is
opened for the purpose of throwing on fresh fuel or breaking up. the fire, this
plate is raised, thus serving the purpose of a damper, and preventing a body of
cold air rushing in the furnace, which considerably reduces the temperature of the
furnace and flue as it is done at present. When the plate at the top of the
chamber is raised so as to form a damper, the door at the bottom must be closed, so
as to prevent the air entering the flues in a body.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN GALLERIES OR GLOBE HOLDERS
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Cornelius William Morley, of 32, Fitzroy Road, Regent's
Park, London, in the County of Middlesex, for an Invention of "AN
IMPROVEMENT IN GALLERIES OR GLOBE HOLDERS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Cornelius William Morley
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th March 1880.
CORNELIUS WILLIAM MORLEY, of 32, Fitzroy Road, Regent's Park, London,
in the County of Middlesex. "AN IMPROVEMENT IN GALLERIES OR GLOBE
HOLDERS."
This Invention consists in an enlargement being formed at the point end of the
screws usually used and connected with galleries or holders for fastening therto
globes and other lamp glasses, so that the said screws cannot be lost or removed
froin the said galleries or holders in consequence of the said enlargement; by
which means the utility of galleries or holders is preserved for securing lamp
glasses, and a frequent cause of accidental breakage is prevented.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Cornelius William Morley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
24th September 1880.
CORNELIUS WILLIAM MORLEY, of 32, Fitzroy Road, Regent's Park, London,
N.W., in the County of Middlesex, Gas Engineer. "AN IMPROVEMENT IN
GALLERIES OR GLOBE HOLDERS."
This Invention consists in an enlargement being formed at the point end of the
screws usually used and connected with galleries or holders for fastening thereto
globes and other lamp glasses, so that the said screws cannot be lost or removed
from the said galleries or holders in consequence of the said enlargement; by
which means the utility of galleries or holders preserved for securing lamp glasses,
and a frequent cause of accidental breakage is prevented.
With the aid of the accompanying Drawings and the Figures and letters of
reference marked thereon, my said Invention is more fully described as follows:-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 represents a ring opened at the joint A for the purpose of being fitted
on the neck B of the screw, Figure 2.
Figures 3 and 4 show the arms of galleries or globe holders, adjusted to which
are screws, as Figure 2, with the ring, Figuro 1, afterwards bent or pinched tightly
round the neck B, the said ring being sufficiently thick C to project from the level
of the screw, thus enlargening its end so that the said scrow cannot be withdrawn
from the gallery.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the mode in which
I carry the same into effect,-
1
I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details 2
herein shown and described, though
I claim the exclusive use of an enlarged end of screw, in the manner and for tho
purpose herein shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Cornelius William Morley, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty fourth day of September, in the year 3
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty.
CORNELITIS WIETTA AT MORTE
CORNELIUS WILLIAM MORLEY.
(L.S.)
STRAIGHTENING, FINISHING, AND POLISHING ROUND BARS OR TUBES OF IRON, STEEL, OR OTHER METALS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Rixson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 28th August 1880.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
FRANCIS RIXSON, of Sheffield, in the County of York.
STRAIGHTENING, FINISHING, AND POLISHING ROUND BARS OR TUBES OF IRON,
STEEL, OR OTHER METALS."
My Invention relates to certain improvements in straightening, finishing, or
"trueing up" and polishing round rods, tubes, or bars of iron, steel, and other metals
while cold, and chiefly in connection with and as a secondary process to the rolling
operation, technically known as "reeling," and it consists chiefly in the application
and use of a polishing material either in a solid form, such as a solid emery or
stone block, or in a granulated form, such as a "lap," supplied with emery or other
powder applied to the surface of the rod, bar, or tube while it is caused to revolve
by the action of the reeling machinery.
In carrying out my Invention in the application of a solid block of emery or
other grinding or polishing material, for example, I prefer to place the block
supported in a suitable manner between the rolls, where it also acts as a support
to the bar or tube to be operated upon by the rolls.
The position of the bar being below the centre of the rolls it receives a downward
pressure, and in conjunction with its own weight presses sufficiently onto the solid
emery or other block, so as to be ground and polished when caused to rotate by
the action of the rolls, thus producing a perfectly true and uniform surface.
If it is preferred to use a granulated or powdered grinding or polishing material
it may be applied to the surface of one or more "laps" or blocks of any suitable
material placed in the position of the before mentioned emery blocks, or in any
other desired position before or behind the rolls.
This process of straightening, grinding, or polishing is a secondary process to
that of rolling or reeling, the bars or tubes in the intermediate time being allowed
to get cold.
It is to be understood that although my Invention is chiefly applicable to bars
or tubes which have been operated upon by the reeling machine, it may be also
applied to ordinary rolled or drawn bars or tubes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PHOTOMETERS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th October 1880. A com-
munication from abroad by Dr. Wilhelm Schulte Limbeck, of Langendreer,
Germany.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, Proprietor of the Firm of T. Brandt
and G. W. v. Nawrocki, of Berlin, 124, Leiprigerstrasse, Germany, Patent Agent.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PHOTOMETERS." A communication from abroad by Dr. Wilhelm
Schulte Limbeck, of Langendreer, Germany.
This Invention relates to improvements in photometers, and depend upon the
original property of selenium to alter its conducting resistance in proportion to the
strength of a ray of light that may be cast upon it.
The instrument or apparatus consists principally of a selenium plate, which is so
placed as to be exposed to the light rays that are to be measured.
The silenium plate is connected with a conducting wire through which flows the
utmost possible and constant current, the conducting wire being at the same time
connected with an instrument (galvonometer) for measuring the electric current.
The selenium plate may either be directly connected with this instrument or be
placed separately by itself.
This photometer can be used in order to compare the strength of different light-
sources and for the comparison of various kinds of coloured air, also to determine
the strength of light emitted from flames, to examine and prove the reflecting
power of looking glasses, mirrors, or any other reflecting material, and to determine
the degrees of transparency of any transparent object, and so forth, &c.
A NEW MANUFACTURE OF MATERIAL TO BE USED AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR WHALEBONE AND THE LIKE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STAYS AND CORSETS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Charles Nutter at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th June 1880.
FREDERICK CHARLES NUTTER, of the City of London, Manufacturer. "A NEW
MANUFACTURE OF MATERIAL TO BE USED AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR WHALEBONE AND
THE LIKE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STAYS AND CORSETS."
This Invention consists in an improved process for treating or preparing cane
whereby the dye is fixed so as not to be affected by heat or moisture, and the
quality and appearance of the cano greatly improved, so as closely to resemble
whalebone or horn, as a substitute for which it may now be used in the manufacture
of the better kinds of stays and corsets.
In carrying out my Invention I first dye the cane (previously cut into strips of the
required dimensions), preferably by saturating it with a solution of nitrate of iron,
logwood, and copperas, or other suitable dye; I then saturate the cane thus dyed in
linseed oil or varnish, or a solution of albumen, preferably under pressure, until the
cano is more or less thoroughly impregnated with the solution, according to the quality
required, after which the albumen is coagulated (when albumen is employed).
Cane thus treated or prepared may be polished, and will have all the appearance of
bone, of which, in fact, it now possesses many of the qualities, and the dye, as
hereinbefore described, is fixed and will not be affected by heat or moisture, which
has not hitherto been the case.
IMPROVEMENTS IN REFRACTORY MATERIALS TO BE USED IN CONVERTER LININGS
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Hermann Wedekind, of 158, Fenchurch Street, in the
•
City of London, Engineer, for an Invention of " IMPROVEMENTS IN
REFRACTORY MATERIALS TO BE USED IN CONVERTER LININGS." À com-
munication from abroad by Henry Bollinger, of Milan, in the Kingdom of
Italy, Engineer.
(Void by reason of the Patentee having neglected to file a Specification in
pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Hermann Wedekind at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st December 1880.
BE USED IN
HERMANN WEDEKIND, of 158, Fenchurch Street, in the City of London,
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS
REFRACTORY MATERIALS TO
IN
CONVERTER LININGS." A communication from abroad by Henry Bollinger, of
Milan, in the Kingdom of Italy, Engineer.
This Invention relates more particularly to the production of improved linings
for the converters or vessels employed in the manufacture of steel and iron by the
so-called basic process. These improvements consist in moulding or forming such
converter linings of certain materials similar in their chemical constituents, and
known to mineralogical science under the terms of asbestos, chrysotile, and
serpentine. To one or both of these substances I add any of the known binding
materials usually employed in metallurgy to unite fire-resisting or refractory
compounds; I may thus employ alumina or kaoline, or an aqueous solution of
hydrogen silicate in the gelatinised jelly like form, or other suitable binding
material affording the requisite plasticity.
By regulating the proportion of the asbestos or of the chrysotile to that of the
serpentine, the refractory nature or resistance to high temperatures of the
compound may be varied. After having been moulded to the requisite shape and
dried, the composition is soaked or impregnated in vacuo or under pressure with

page_text: chloride of magnesium or some analogous chloride of an alkaline nature. It is
then dried and burned. This operation may be repeated by regulating the quantity
of chloride of magnesium to that of the binding material; when the same contains
a silicate in a fluid state, I may obtain either a compound containing a free base
[id est, a neutral compound], or by continuing the process with the addition of
chloride of magnesium, I obtain a basic compound. In order to remove the wares
from the moulds, I preferably coat the latter with a solution of chloride of
magnesium. Tuyeres may be produced by drilling holes in the burnt material.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING FIBRES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Booth at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 13th August 1880.
JAMES BOOTH, of Halifax, in the County of York, Worsted Spinner and
Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING FIBRES."
This Invention relates to improvements in cap frames, and the object is to so
construct and arrange the machine as to afford increased facilities for putting
in the necessary twist or spinning, to dispense with certain parts of the apparatus
heretoforo generally used to prevent "doubles," and to reduce the loss by waste to
a minimum.
"
In "cap frames" constructed according to this my Invention, the top board and
guide or "pot eyes are dispensed with, the fibre passing directly from the nip of
the front rollers to the cap and bobbin, there being no appliance intervening between
the nip of the rollers and the bobbin, the twisting or spinning is greatly facilitated
whilst the removal of the top board admits the prolongation or use of extended
guard plates, whereby "doubles" are reduced to a minimum, or wholly prevented;
below the cap and between each pair of guard plates. I introduce an additional
plate in or about horizontal position, thereby boxing off each cap and "end
thread being spun, so that when an "end" is down or broken, it rests upon or is
by the plate referred to prevented fouling or catching upon or around the adjoining
bobbin or spindle, and so preventing accumulation of waste. The enclosing the cap
and bobbin as described reduces the current or circulation of air caused by the
rotation of the bobbin and yarn, the latter when spun having a smaller proportion
of divergent fibre than when spun on machinery as heretofore constructed.
"
or
IMPROVEMENTS IN SASH FASTENERS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Lea at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th September 1880.
WILLIAM LEA, of the Bloomsbury Foundry, Wolverhampton, in the County of
Stafford, Brass Founder. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SASH FASTENERS."
In carrying out my improvements, the lever for holding the two sashes together
when the window is closed is formed in two parts, hinged together so that the
outer end may be capable of turning upwards slightly, and when this lever is turned
over so as to connect the two sashes, this hinged part turns up to pass over an
inclined projection, and then drops down again beyond the end of this inclined
projection, which thus becomes an effectual stop to prevent the return of this lever,
and consequent release of the windows by any appliance passed up between the
two sashes.
For the release of the sashes to open the window, the outer end of the closing
lever has simply to be raised by a knob or other suitable formation applied for that
purpose, so as to lift it over the end of the inclined stop, when the lever may bo
turned back as usual to free the sashes.
The fixed holding arm may be hollow or open on its underside for the holding
lever to pass under it, or solid with bevilled edges for the holding lever to pass over
it as desired.
Stops are applied to the hinge part of the holding lever to regulate the distance
of motion of one part in relation to the other.
AN IMPROVED SINK-TRAP
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Harsant at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 30th November 1880.
JOHN HARSANT, of Bessborough Gardens, Vauxhall Bridge Road, in the County
of Middlesex. "AN IMPROVED SINK-TRAP."
My Invention relates to a ventilated sink-trap, and consists of a bell shaped
chamber covered by a grating and having a curved partition or curtain dipping
into the water contained in the trap, and a ventilating pipe communicating
with the space enclosed by said curtain and with the outer air, the waste pipe
communicating by a side opening in the trap with the space enclosed by the
curtain, and being thus in direct communication with the ventilating pipe, so that
sewer gas cannot collect in the trap or press on the water therein.
The curtain or partition is a fixture; and to enable the trap to be readily cleaned
out, it is provided with an opening at botton closed by a screw cap, and the
ventilating pipe has a screw union to permit of easy access to the interior of the
trap.
IMPROVEMENTS' IN VESSELS OR CANS FOR CONTAINING AND APPLYING LUBRICANTS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Mercer Girdwood at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th July 1880.
HENRY MERCER GIRDWOOD, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim, in Ireland,
Flax Spinner.
" IMPROVEMENTS' IN VESSELS OR CANS FOR CONTAINING AND
APPLYING LUBRICANTS."
My Invention is intended to provide the means of applying lubricants to the
bearings of machinery, and of distributing them with evenness and with a saving
of labour and of waste.
For these purposes I employ a vessel or can provided with a stroup to the end
of which I attach a brush. The brush-end of this stroup is enclosed in or encased
by a tube which serves as a tunnel to catch any excess or overflow of the lubricaut,
and is so constructed as to return such excess or overflow into the vessel or can at
its upper side and near to the end furthest from the brush.
In order to prevent any portion of such excess or overflow escaping from the tube
when the vessel or can is inverted, I place a conical or diminishing pipe within,
and having its base or wide end near to the mouth of the tunnel.
The vessel or can is furnished at its upper side with a mouth and a plug in which
there is an air hole fitted with a wedge-pin to prevent the escape of the lubricant
when the vessel or can is invertod.
The tube or tunnel above described admits air into the vessel or can when, by
its inversion, the wedge-pin closes the air hole in the plug.
MENTS IN LADIES' DRESS HOLDERS OR SUSPENDERS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederic Eliot Duckham at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st April 1880.
FREDERIC ELIOT DUCKHAM, of Blackheath, in the County of Kent.
MENTS IN LADIES' DRESS HOLDERS OR SUSPENDERS."
"IMPROVE-
My Invention relates to an improved construction of ladies' dress holder or
suspender which is characterised by its simplicity by the small number of parts of
which it is composed, and by the ease with which it may be opened with one hand
to release the dress.
The holder or suspender consists of a bow or shaped frame, to the extremities
of which are jointed a pair of gripping lever arms terminating in eccentrically
curved jaws which meet midway between the limbs of the frame and grip the dress
between them in the usual way. To these gripping levers are jointed the
extremities of a shaped spring which lies within the bow or frame at a short
distance therefrom, and has a guide at its middle or curved part sliding in or on
the bow or frame to ensure the equal and simultaneous action of the two gripping
levers. The elasticity of the n shaped spring tends to move its limbs farther
apart, and the position of the joints by which the extremities of these limbs are
connected to the gripping levers relatively to the centres on which these lovers
turn is such that this tendency of the spring to expand causes the jaws to closo
together, the same spring also serving as the means of opening the jaws, which
is effected by drawing the middle or curved part of the spring towards the
corresponding part of the bow or frame. The spring thus answers a threefold
purpose. It causes the jaws to close together, it connects them so as to ensure
their equal and simultaneous action, and it affords a ready means of separating
them for the purpose of releasing the dress.
The gripping face of the jaws is covered with indiarubber, leather, or other
suitable material. A ready method of attaching it is to pass a strip of indiarubber
in and out through a slotted or gridiron-like plato which is secured to the jaws by
being clipped upon the edges thereof. The indiarubber, leather, or other inaterial
is thus caused to assume a corrugated form, and the corrugations of the one jaw
may fit slightly between those of the other, whereby greater holding power is
obtained.
AN IMPROVED PREPARATION FOR TREATING SHEEP AND OTHER ANIMALS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Heard at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th April 1880.
WILLIAM HENRY HEARD, of Tavistock, in the County of Devon, Veterinary
Surgeon. "AN IMPROVED PREPARATION FOR TREATING SHEEP AND OTHER
ANIMALS,"
My Invention relates to a preparation which is intended more particularly to be
employed for the cure of the liver rot in sheep, but is also applicable to the
treatment of like diseases in other animals.
The preparation consists of the following ingredients employed in about the
undermentioned proportions, viz. :—
For one gallon of the preparation take spirit of turpentine about 3 quarts,
powdered ginger about 2lbs., sulphate of iron about 1lb., and linseed oil about 1
quart, and mix the whole together.
The preparation exercises a purifying action on the blood, and within a short
time destroys the parasite which has been formed in the liver, when this end is
effected the cause of the desease is cradicated, and the animal within a short period
is restored to a sound condition.
A NEW OR IMPROVED APPLIANCE FOR PERAMBULATORS TO PREVENT THEM BEING UPSET OR OVERTURNED
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Hargreaves Bailey at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th August 1880.
JOSEPH HARGREAVES BAILEY, of Sheffield Road, Barnsley, in the County of
York. "A NEW OR IMPROVED APPLIANCE FOR PERAMBULATORS TO PREVENT
THEM BEING UPSET OR OVERTURNED."
A great evil attending the use of perambulators arises from the fact that they
can, by careless movements, be easily thrown up in front and down at back, so as
to cause injury to children travelling in same. To remedy this is the object of my
present Invention, which I purpose to effect by the adoption mainly of the
arrangements hereinafter described; namely, I use a prop or support made of metal
or other suitable material, and secured by screws or otherwise to the back of the
perambulator, or it may be secured to the springs of the front wheel, or to the
springs of the hind wheels, or to any other convenient part of the perambulator,
and such prop can if desired be made to slide, so that it may be brought as near
the ground as possible.
When not in action as a prop it comes within a few inches of the ground, so
that the handle can be pressed down sufficiently to allow the front wheel to go on
a doorstep or on the causeway when crossing a road, but when the handle gets
lower than that this prop catches the ground, and prevents the perambulator
falling back and the front wheel tipping up.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR ADDITIONS TO LOCKS AND LATCHES FOR DOORS, BY WHICH IMPROVEMENTS OR ADDITIONS LOCKS OR LATCHES MAY BE OPERATED BY THE FOOT."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Herbert Steeds at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th October 1880.
Clerk.
"
FREDERICK HERBERT STEEDS, of Harborne, in the County of Stafford, Bank
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR ADDITIONS TO LOCKS AND LATCHES FOR DOORS,
BY WHICH IMPROVEMENTS OR ADDITIONS LOCKS OR LATCHES MAY BE OPERATED
BY THE FOOT."
My Invention has reference to door locks and latches in which the opening of
the door to which they are affixed is ordinarily effected by the turning of a knob
on the end of the lock or latch spindle.
It frequently happens that the opening of the door cannot be conveniently
effected in consequence of the person wishing to open it not having either hand
disengaged, and my Invention consists of mechanism of the kind herein after
described, by the application of which to locks and latches the withdrawal of the
spring bolt of the lock or latch may be effected by the action of the foot and the
door opened without the use of the hand.
The said mechanism is constructed as follows :―
To the spindle of the spring bolt of the lock or latch I attach an arm or lever,
which in its normal position is preferably nearly horizontal. Jointed to the free
end of the said arm or lever is a vertical rod. The said rod is of such a length
that its lower end is situated a little above the bottom of the door and terminates
in a horizontal pedal. The lever rod and pedal do not interfere with the use of the
lock or latch in the ordinary way, that is, with the opening of the door by turning
the knob with the hand, the lever turning on its fulcrum, and the rod and pedal
descending when the knob is turned in a direction proper to withdraw the spring
bolt and returning to their normal position by the action of the spindle when the
knob is loosed.
When a person who has not a hand at liberty wishes to open the door it is only
necessary for him to depress the pedal by means of the foot, when the spindle of
the lock or latch is turned in the direction proper to withdraw the spring bolt and
the door opens by gentle pressure applied to it.
The
The whole of the mechanism excepting the pedal may be concealed in the door.
Or the said mechanism may be exposed and placed on either side the door.
pedal may be of such a length that it projects from both sides of the door, thus
permitting of the opening of the door from either side by the action of the foot.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR STEERING VESSELS
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Terrot Glover, junior, of Sunderland, in the County of
Durham, Steam Ship Surveyor, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR STEERING VESSELS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Terrot Glover at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th July 1880.
TERROT GLOVER, junior, of Sunderland, in the County of Durham, Steam Ship
Surveyor. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR STEERING VESSELS."
My Invention relates to an improved method of transmitting the power from
the bridge steering apparatus to the tiller of the rudder, and consists of doubling
the purchase by means of a block with a traveller attached to the top of it. The
traveller, which may be of malleable or cast iron, rests on an iron bar, along which
it travels, carrying the purchase block below it. The chains from the bridge to
the purchase block and thence to the tiller are attached, and the block works
backward and forward freely, and is always kept in the same position.
I now give preference to the use of one round iron bar, but more than one bar
may be used, and they may be round or square bars.
I prefer to hang the block in a vertical position, but it may be hung in any
convenient way.
The traveller may either slide or be fitted with a sheave or sheaves to work on
the bar.
My Invention is applicable to either the common or quadrant form of tiller.
Amongst the advantages of my Invention over the ordinary method are,-
That the block and chains are kept in a good position for easy and free working,
that the friction is so diminished that although the purchase is doubled the helm
can be put over in less time than with the usual gear; that in heavy weather at
sea the danger arising from the jerking of the wheel is reduced, and that one man
is sufficient to steer where two are usually required.

page_text: the block A in combination with the traveller B traversing on the bar C, sub-
stantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore specified.
In witness whereof, I, 'the said Terrot Glover, junior, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty fifth day of, December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty.
Witness,
WILLIAM DAKERS,
1, Collingwood Terrace,
Gateshead.
TERROT GLOVER, JNR.. (L.S.)
IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN THE "EMULSION" PROCESSES OF PHOTOGRAPHY
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Knott at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd June 1880.
ROBERT KNOTT, of Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, Chemist.
"IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN THE "EMULSION" PROCESSES OF
PHOTOGRAPHY."
My Invention consists in apparatus to be used in the emulsion processes of
photography, whereby the two solutions to be mixed for those processes are
successively brought together in minute quantities. For this purpose I use
two bottles with an intermediate stopper, having a small perforation formed
through it.
The solutions to be mixed are contained in the two bottles, and by shaking, the
more fluid solution passes in small quantities from the bottle which contains it into
the other one, thereby the solutions are gradually mixed.
By making one side of the stopper convex, the mixing process is carried on with
greater certainty.
The aforesaid aperture may be expanded or contracted as desired, and for this
purpose I propose to insert a silver wire, which may be bent over at the end.