Improvements in and relating to the Method of Wire-wrapping Guns, Hydraulic Cylinders, Pipes, and the like.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Mar., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 24th Dec., 1895-Accepted, 26th Mar., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to the Method of Wire-wrapping
Guns, Hydraulic Cylinders, Pipes, and the like.
I LEWIS MATHEWS BECKER, of 2 Irving Grove, Stockwell Road,
London, S.W. Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention to be as
follows:
:-
My invention relates to improvements in the method of and form of material for,
wrapping or wire-coiling the tubes of guns, hydraulic and other cylinders, steam
pipes and the like.
The object of the invention is to obtain a large increase of strain resisting
power, by forming a continuous locked junction between every coil of the wire,
impervious also to the passage of gas.
Having these objects in view I construct a flat wire having a longitudinal step
made down each edge on each opposite sile of the wire, or in other words, the
opposite edges of the wire are set down to about half its thickness throughout
its entire length, thus one edge represents a step and a space, and the other edge
a space and an overhanging step.
This configuration may be produced upon the wire by rolling, or by drawing, or
by a combination of both processes; or a modified form may be produced by
bending a flat wire into a similar form of cross section.
When wire of this configuration is wrapped round any cylindrical object such
for example as the tube of a gun, the overhanging edge of each following coil lies
over and upon the set down edge of the preceding coil, thus automatically locking
the coils continuously and forming a perfectly flat surface from end to end, and an
involved joint impervious to the passage of gas.
Although I have described a cross sectional form of wire that is admirably
suited to the above purpose, and which I prefer, I do not bind myself to that
particular form but include any similar cross section that will overlap or lock after
the manner before described.
Dated the 22nd day of March 1895.
Improvements in and relating to the Method of Wire-wrapping
Guns, Hydraulic Cylinders, Pipes, and the like.
I, LEWIS MATHEWS BECKER of 2 Irving Grove Stockwell Road London S.W.
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, that is to say :-
The object of this invention is to increase the strength of the tube or cylinder to
which it is applied. The invention consists in giving the wire used for wrapping
guus, hydraulic cylinders, pipes and the like, such a sectional form, and applying

page_text: it to the tube or cylinder in such way that every succeeding circle of a coil of the
wire laps over the preceding circle for the whole of the circumference of such
circle in a peculiar way and to the extent as regards width hereinafter.indicated.
In a longitudinal section of a wrapped tube prepared under this method the
direction of the lines indicating joints between circles of the coils is chiefly parallel
to or slightly inclined to the line indicating the surface of the gun, tube, cylinder,
or pipe around which the wire is wrapped.
Supposing a cross section of a piece of the wire to represent two solid steps, the
under surface of the lower step beds on the gun, tube, cylinder, or pipe; or upon
an inner coil when more than one coil is wrapped round the tube, cylinder, or pipe.
One edge of the wire may be considered as the riser of this lower step; and the
top surface of this part of the wire may be looked upon as the tread. This lower
step at its back part supports the front part of the upper step. The under surface
of the upper step is as nearly as possible parallel with the upper surface of the
lower step; and the upper step is preferably but not necessarily of the same
thickness or rise as the lower step. The under surface of the upper step is of the
same width as the upper surface of the lower step.
If now another section of the wire be placed beside and close to the first, with
the lower steps in both cases on the left hand it will be seen that the lower step of
the right hand section lies beneath and fills the space beneath the upper step of the
left hand section; and that the relationship of the steps of any one section of a
uniform wire to the steps of its neighbouring sections would be the same whatever
the number of sections placed in juxta-position in a coil on the surface of a tube.
It will also be seen that each succeeding circle of a coil confines the preceding
circle and is in turn confined by the next succeeding circle.
With a wire of the same section a tube may be wound from right to left or from
left to right at choice, according as the winding is commenced with one end of the
wire or with the other end.
It will further be seen that a next succeeding circle nips part of the width of
the wire forming the next preceding circle against the surface upon which that
wire lies; and thus each circle is automatically locked in place as the next circle is
wound against it.
The under surface of the upper step and the upper surface of the lower step
(using the same comparison as previously) need not be flat or smooth surfaces; but
they may have a groove or grooves on one half to correspond with a projection or
projections on the other half; or the wire may be rather thicker at its edges than
nearer its centre, so that the thick edge of one circle coming against the thinner
part of an adjacent circle such preceding circle cannot possibly slip away from the
succeeding circle.
Wire of the required section may be produced by rolling, or by drawing, or by
a combination of those processes. A modified form may be produced by bending
a flat wire to a similar cross section to that described.
I do not limit myself to the precise sections of wire described but I include any
sections of wire which overlap and lock in a substantially similar manner to that
described.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING.
Fig. 1 represents two sections of a wire placed side by side.
Fig. 1 represents two sections of a wire placed side by side.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the wire shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 represents two sections of a wire thicker towards its edges than nearer its
centre part.
Fig. 4 is a side view of the wire shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 represents two sections of wire side by side with groove and projection
on the upper surface of the lower step which fit into projection and groove on the
ander surface of the upper step of the next succeeding circle of a coil and having
on the projections small projecting edges which in the process of winding are

page_text: forced into the dovetail or undercut sides of the groove into which it is wounl.
Fig. 6 is a side view of the wire shown in Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 represents two sections of wire side by side the projection on the surface
of the one step not filling the groove in the surface of the other step of the next
wire. The space may be left as an air or gas joint space; or a thread or small
wire may be wound in to fill the space in the process of winding, to make a tight
joint and to more securely lock the circles of the coil in position.
Fig. 8 is a side view of the wire shown in Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is a section of the adjacent surfaces of a pair of rolls for rolling the wire.
All the figures previously mentioned are drawn larger than their natural size,
the size considered most suitable being indicated by the scale.
Fig. 10 is a side view of two pairs of rolls similar to those partly shown in
Fig. 9. The object of using two pairs of rolls being to keep the wire per-
pendicular to the planes containing respectively the axes of each pair of the rolls
as it is being rolled. The pressure may be applied if necessary by means of a
pair of large rolls, as shown.
Fig. 11 is a front view of the rolls shown in Fig. 10.
Similar letters are used to designate similar parts throughout the drawing.
In a section of the wire A is the lower step B the upper step, a is the riser,
the under surface and c the tread of the lower step. d is the under surface of
the upper step. e is a projection on and f a groove in the tread of the lower step,
which respectively lock with the groove g, and projection on the under surface
of the upper tread of the next succeeding circle of a coil. ii are projecting
edges to e and h, and are in the process of winding forced into the dovetail or
under cut sides of the grooves 9 and respectively. k is an air or gas joint space
or it may be filled as shown with a fine wire or thread k¹ compressed into position
in the process of winding.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that
what claim is :
Forming wire substantially of the sections and for the purposes hereinbefore
described.