Improvements in Telemeter Systems, or Means or Apparatus for Indicating or Indicating and Recording Electrically at a Distance Motions of Parts of Machinery or Moving Bodies.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Jan., 1893-Accepted, 17th Jan.,
1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Telemeter Systems, or Means or Apparatus for
Indicating or Indicating and Recording Electrically at a Distance
Motions of Parts of Machinery or Moving Bodies.
A communication from abroad by FERNANDO JASON DIBBLE, of Peabody, in the
State of Massachusetts, one of the United States of America.
I ALFRED GEORGE BROOKES of 55 & 56 Chancery Lane, in the County of
London, Chartered Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object the production of a telemeter system or means
or apparatus capable of indicating and recording electrically at a distance not only
the speed but the direction of movement of a rotating shaft or other moving body.
The particular features of which the invention consists will be hereinafter
described and specified in the claims.
Fig. 1, represents in face view a telemeter transmitting device or means or
apparatus forming a transmitting device for the object stated; a portion of the
electrically controlled clutch mechanism being represented in section.
Fig. 2, a detail end view on a smaller scale of the clutch mechanism.
Fig. 3, a rear side view of the device shown in Fig. 1, with the door thrown back
to expose the actuating parts.
Fig. 4, a section on the dotted line x-x, Fig. 3, looking to the left.
Fig. 5, a view similar to Fig. 1, with the face-plate or dial removed.
Fig. 6, a detail on an enlarged scale, showing the switching device by which the
direction of rotation is indicated and recorded.
Fig. 6, a perspective detail of the same.
Fig. 7, a partial face view back of the face-plate Fig. 5, or on the section
line - Fig. 4, to show the contact arm and its co-operating movable contacts,
with the cam for moving them.
Fig. 8, a diagram view, showing the arrangement of circuits to be described.
Fig. 9, a view of the indicating device, to show the dial.
Fig. 10, a rear side view of a part of Fig. 4.
Fig. 11, a detail to illustrate the action of the dog n.
Fig. 12, a face view of one form of an indicating and recording receiving
instrument;
Fig. 13, a similar view with the dial removed to expose the working parts,
Fig. 14, a detail to be referred to.
and .
Referring to the drawings, A represents a revolving pulley or member,
represented as loosely journaled on the shaft a, and which may be belted to or
otherwise driven from any shaft the rotative movements; particularly the speed
and direction of rotation of which are to be determined and recorded. If the
direction and speed of a reciprocating, or other non-rotative, movable member is
to be indicated, it must be done through the medium of a rotating shaft. For
example, to indicate the rate of rise and fall of water in a standpipe, the float
within the standpipe may be connected by a cord with and to rotate a shaft upon,
the outside of the standpipe, certain determined number of revolutions of the shaft
indicating a certain rise or fall of water level, the rapidity of the rise and fall,
being determined by the:variations in speed of rotation of the shaft.
The pulley A will preferably be connected with the shaft a, through the medium

page_text: provided with a series of radially-arranged teeth A' to co-operate with similarly '
arranged ratchet teeth upon the face of a head b, fast upon the sliding shaft b',
journaled at one end in a suitable bracket or support B, and at its opposite end
having a spindle or journal 6, fitted to slide in a suitable recess formed in the end
of the shaft a, said head 6 having a key ³, fitted to slide in a corresponding
groove in the shaft a.
The head or clutch member b may be moved into engagement with the pulley A
by any suitable mechanism, but I have herein shown and prefer to employ an
electrically-controlled mechanism, as for instance, the electro-magnets C, carried
by the bracket B, the armature o of which has its carrier o¹ pivoted in said bracket
at o' and provided with an upwardly-extended arm o³, forked at its upper end to
straddle the head or clutch member b'in a suitable groove o, see Figs. 1 and 2, 50
that whenever the electro-magnets C are energized by the closure of a circuit
through any suitable press-button or switch o at any point, the attraction of the
armature o will move the clutch member b into engagement with the rotating
pulley A and thereby cause a like rotation of the shaft a.
Referring to Fig. 3, a rear side view of Fig. 1, and to Figs. 4 and 10, the shaft a,
within the casing D is provided with a toothed wheel i, in mesh with a pinion i¹ on
a counter shaft, said counter-shaft also having fast upon it a toothed wheel i³, in
mesh with and driving a. pinion on the governor shaft, journaled in suitable
bearings within the casing, said shaft at one end having fast upon it a hub iº,
Fig. 3, to which are pivoted at diametrically opposite points the toggle links,
carrying the balls * and in turn pivoted to like links, jointed at their opposite
ends to the sliding sleeve, springs 10, 10x being interposed between the fixed
hub and the sliding sleeve, which normally separate the same to maintain the
parts in their full line position, Fig. 3, such construction being the same as the
usual ball governor now in common use.
The sliding sleeve 19 (Fig. 3) has a peripheral groove to receive the roll
stud on the free end of the arm is, fast on one end of the spindle journaled
in the back plate of the casing D, and at its opposite or front side of the said
casing having loosely mounted upon it the hub of a contact arm e, see Figs. 4
and 7.
This contact arm e is provided with a projecting pin t which normally projects
between two like springs t¹, t secured to a block t3 made fast to the end of
the spindle in front of the loosely mounted hub of the contact arm, see
Fig. 14.
The block has a depending arm carrying at its lower end a pin to which
projects inwardly along between the two springs t¹ t'.
The two springs normally hold the pin 't on the contact arm between them, but
when the spindle is rotated in either direction, as for instance, in the direction of
the arrow Fig. 14, the block t³ will also be turned with the spindle, causing its
pin to to act upon the spring ¹ and move the same way from the pint on the
contact arm, the spring t pressing against the said pin to immediately move the
contact arm in the direction in which the spring t¹ was moved, until the pin t again
comes in contact with and is stopped by the spring t', when the contact arm is again
held in position between the two springs.
If the spindle is rotated in the direction opposite the arrow Fig. 14, the pin t
on the block t³ will act on the spring and move it to the right away from the pin t
on the contact arm, the latter being then moved to the right to follow the spring t
by the spring t¹ pressing against it from the opposite side.
The object of this yielding connection between the contact arm and spindle is as
follows.
If the rotating shaft, the speed of which is to be indicated, is rotated at a very
high rate of speed, immediately when the governing device is connected with the
shaft to be rotated thereby, the governing balls will at once, owing to the high
speed, fly to a considerable distance from their axis of rotation (see dotted lines,
Fig. 3) and rotate the spindle i through a considerable distance before the contacts

page_text: at either side of the contact arız, to be hereinafter described, will have had!
sufficient time to click along and follow. the movement of the contact arm, and the
result would be, the contact arm would be broken or injured, and the spindle
would be trying to move it, while the contacts at either side would be trying to
hold it.
By the mechanism described, however, if the spindle is quickly moved, it will
simply, through the pin to, move one or the other of the springs 1, 2, away from
the pin t on the contact arm leaving the latter to be moved along step by step by
the other spring as the movement of the contacts will permit until the contact arm
has reached the spring moved away from it by the spindle.
It will thus be seen that the spindle may be rotated as much as desired at once
without danger of injuring the contact arm, the latter clicking along up to it, as
will be hereinafter described, hereinafter, however, in referring to the spindle and
contact arm, I shall refer to them as though the contact arm was moved positively
by the spindle, it being understood, however, that the arm is caused to follow the
movement of the spindle in the manner described, the effect being precisely the
same in the end as though the arm were moved positively by the spindle.
The contact arm e normally lies between the two contact pins e¹, e³, on the
arms e, e, which latter are insulated from each other and carried by a carrier e*,
pivoted at its under end on a shaft e, journaled in suitable bearings in the face
plate E, Figs. 4 and 5,
The insulated carrier e* for the contacts e¹, e³, is provided with a pin e, fitted to
move in the cam slot e', formed in the plate e, fast on the inner end of a staff e,
journaled in the face-plate E and having at its outer end a toothed wheel e¹º in
mesh with a pinion e¹ on a shaft e", which latter carries the toothed driving
wheel see Fig. 5.
A curved spring exx acts to keep the pin e' always in working contact with the
cam surface.
The contact pins e¹, e³, are arranged in circuit respectively with the electro-
magnets F, F, the main armatures ff of the said magnets being attached to
opposite ends of the armature-carrier, pivoted at in the frame carried by the
plate E, and provided with a depending forked lever or pallet f, the ends 6, 7 of
which are arranged at opposite sides of the axis of the driving wheel e¹³ and to
co-operate with one or another of the teeth on said wheel,, so that vibrations of the
said pallet in one or the other direction will rotate the said wheel in one or the
other direction, a spring-controlled pawl f' serving to assist in the rotation of
the said wheel and to retain the latter in position.
The electro magnets F, F1 are also provided with auxiliary armatures h, h',
carried by the arms of the U-shaped carrier h, pivoted at 3* and having
its ends 26, 27 lying normally between and out of contact with the fixed
contacts h, h, see Fig. 5.
The armature-carrier f at one end has secured to it two contact springs m, m³,
arranged to span the insulated block m² on one end of a spindle m³, see Fig. 4,
mounted to slide in suitable bearings in the back-plate of the casing D, said
block m² having mounted upon its opposite faces two diagonal contact plates m³, m³,
having their opposite ends upturned, see Figs. 6 and 6, to form contacts 8, 9, 10
and 11, the contacts 8 and 11 lying upon the upper left-hand edge of the block,
Fig. 64, while the contacts 9 and 10 lie upon the lower right hand edge of the
said block, said contacts being in position to be acted upon by the contact
springs m and m², see Fig. 5, as the armature-carrier is vibrated by the electro
magneta F and F.
By reference to Figs. 5, 6 and 64, it will be seen that if the armature f¹.be
attracted by its magnet F¹, the spring m will first engage the contact 8 on the
plate m', while if the armature be attracted by its magnet F, the spring m¹ will
engage the contact 10 on the plate ; but if the block m² carrying the contacts
and the spindle m³ on which said block is mounted be moved bodily to the right,
Figs. 4 and 6, the contact 11 on the plate m will be moved into the position
$

page_text: previously occupied by the contact 8 on the plate m, while the contact 9 on the
plate m will be moved into position previously occupied by the contact 10 on the
plate mso that if the armature be now attracted, the spring m instead of
engaging the contact 8 on the plate m, will engage the contact 11 on the upturned end
of the plate m; while, if the arinature f be attracted, the contact spring m¹, instead
of engaging the contact 10 on the plate me as before, will now engage the contact 9
on the downturned end of the plate m; so that in the one instance, attraction of
the armature will close a circuit through the plate m, and attraction of the
armature will close a circuit through the plate m; while in the other instance,
with the block m² moved bodily to the right, attraction of the armature will close
a circuit through the plate m, whereas attraction of the armature f¹ will close a
circuit through the plate m³.
The spindle is moved longitudinally to effect this change of position of the
block m², by means of a dog n, see Figs. 4 and 11, pivoted at » to the inner end of
the said spindle m³, said dog being acted upon and retained in a normal vertical
position by a spring, see Fig. 4.
The depending end of the dog lies in the path of movement of the several pins n³,
projecting from the front face of a disk n, made fast on the inner end of the
shaft a, see Figs. 3 and 4, rotation of the said disk by said shaft in one or the
other direction causing the dog to be turned or tipped on its axis in one or
the other direction, according as the pins strike it from one or the other side, and
turn it on its pivot in order that they may pass by.
The limiting wall * of the dog, see Fig. 11, is so located as to limit the vibra-
tion of the dog n on its pivot to a vibratory movement somewhat less than that
necessary in order to clear the pins as they pass beneath it, so that, by reference to
Figs. 4 and 11, if the disk n' is rotated in the direction of arrow 25, the first pin n³
as it strikes the depending dog will tip it on its pivot n' until the limit of the
tipping movement has been reached by reason of the limiting wall n* contacting
with the spindle m³, when further movement of the pin will carry the dog and the
spindle m³ to which it is pivoted, bodily to the right into the position represented
in dotted lines Fig. 11, until the end of the dog clears the pin and permits the
latter to pass by, such movement of the spindle m³ being sufficient to move the
block m² from its full-line position, Figs. 4, 6 and 11, to its dotted line position, to
effect the change in contacts referred to.
Conversely, assuming the spindle to have been moved bodily to the right as just
described, if the shaft a and disk n be rotated in the direction opposite to that
indicated by arrow 25, the first pin n will strike the depending dog n, tip the
same on its pivot until the limit of its movement is reached, when the said dog and
the spindle m³ to which it is pivoted will be moved bodily to the left, in order
that the pin may clear the dog to thus return the block m' and contacts to
their original full-line position.
When once moved into one or the other of its extreme positions, the tipping
movement of the dog n is sufficient to permit the pins n' to pass freely by;
but a change of direction of movement of the said pins must necessarily move
the dog bodily to its opposite extreme position before the tipping movement of
the same will permit the pins to pass freely by.
The contact arm e, and the armature-carriers f2 and 12 are electrically con-
nected with the base of the instrument; while the fixed contacts ³, 1, and
contacts e, e are insulated from the base of the instrument.
Referring to Fig. 8, the contacts e', 63 are connected respectively by wires 30, 31
with the fixed contacts h³, h, which in turn are connected by wires 32, 33 with the
electro-magnets F, F', said magnets being also connected with the line-wire 34
which extends to any suitable receiving instrument, located at a distant point
and adapted to indicate or record, or both indicate and record at such distant
point the speed and direction of rotation of the rotating shaft.
The form of receiving instrument herein employed is illustrated in Figs. 12
and 13 in which the instrument shown is provided with four connecting plates r, r,

page_text: 2an, the plate being in electrical connection with the base plate c² of the
instrument, and the remaining plates insulated from said base plate.
The plate is connected in circuit with the magnet c, and the plate with the
magnet c', and both magnets are electrically connected as by wires 50 through
the base plate with the connecting plate while the plate is connected as by
wire d to the post d insulated from the base plate c² and supporting one member d¹
of a circuit closer, the co-operating member d of which, is shewn as a bar or arm,.
which is mounted on a pivotal shaft d³, supported by, the base plate c², the said arm
being normally brought by gravity in contact with the member d¹.
The contact member d is raised out of contact with the member d' by a circuit.
breaker, shewn as a bar d shewn mostly in dotted lines Fig. 13, secured to a
pivotal shaft d having bearings in the base plate c².
The bar is extended across the pallets c¹, c¹³, of the actuator e10, (Fig. 8) and
is bent in opposite directions to form arms d', d, with which co-operate studs do, do,
carried by the pallets c¹, c¹³, respectively, the arm d being prolonged, as shewn in
Fig. 13, to engage a screw or stud d carried by the arm d, the said arm being
normally held in engagement with the stud d when the pallets are out of engage-
ment with the teeth of the wheel c¹ by a spring d having one end secured to the
said arm, and its opposite end fastened to a post 1 secured to the plate c².
The arms d', d of the bar d extend in opposite directions, and the studs d³, 10.
are located on opposite sides of the said bar, so that when the yoke is moved in.
one direction as by the magnet c, the stud dio will ride up the inclined arm and
bring the arm d in engagement with the stud d and lift the bar d² from the contact
member d', and also when the yoke is moved by the magnet of the stud de will act
upon the arm d' and move it in the same direction to lift the bar d' out of engage-
ment with the contact member d¹..
It will thus be seen that when either magnet is energized the circuit breaker is.
moved to break the circuit.
According as one or the other of the receiving magnets c, el is energized, the
actuator will be vibrated at each impulse to one or the other side of its central
normal position, and through its pallets c¹³, c¹³, will act upon the wheel c¹ and rotate
the same in one or the other direction according to the side towards which the
actuator is vibrated, the said wheel being moved one tooth at each rotation.
Rotation of the wheel cat the receiver acts through the intermediate-
wheels cl, cl to rotate the pointer 20, in one or the other direction to indicate in
connection with the dial the number of revolutions or speed of rotation of the
shaft driving the pulley A at the transmitter.
A pinion on the same shaft with the wheel c¹8 of the receiver meshes with
and rocks a sector e pivoted on a shaft to which is also attached a marking
arm adapted to sweep over and mark a record upon a dial e rotated once in
every twenty-four hours by a clock or time mechanism, not shown, the said dial
being suitably marked or graduated to enable the speed at any particular time
during the day to be afterwards determined.
Referring to Fig. 8, the line-wire 34 extends from the transmitter to the
plate of the receiver being thereby connected in circuit with the base of the
receiving instrument.
The contact post d of the said receiving device is connected by a wire 35 with
one pole of the battery Q, the other pole of which is connected by wire 36 with
the pivotal point fs of the armature-carrier for to the base of the instrument.
The contact plate m' on the reversible block m³ is connected by a wire 37 with
the plate and magnet c¹ of the receiving device; while the contact plate m³ of
the said block is connected by wire 38 with the plater and magnet c of the said
receiving device, the operation of the system then being as follows; Assuming the
shaft, the speed and direction of movement of which is to be determined, to be in
rotation, the pulley A. being also rotated thereby, the circuit through the electro
magnets C will be closed by the circuit-closer os, causing the armature o to throw
into engagement the clutch mechanism, as described, to cause the shaft a to be

page_text: rotated in unison with the pulley A, when the rotative movement communicated to
the shaft a will cause the balls ix of the governing device, Fig. 3 to be moved away
from the axis of the shaft by centrifugal action, as indicated by dotted lines,
Fig. 3, and to move the sliding sleeve to the right, Fig. 3, a distance corre-
sponding to the speed of rotation of the shaft, said sleeve as it is moved
causing a rotative movement of the spindle 14 (by pulling with it the lower
end of the arm ¹³) carrying the contact arme and causing the said arm
to engage the contact pin and close the circuit limit from the battery by wire 36
to the base of the instrument, contact arm e, contact e², wire 31, contact, wire 33,
electro-magnet F¹, thence by wire 34 to the receiving instrument, and back to the
battery again, such circuit causing the magnet F¹ to attract its auxiliary
armature to thus bring the end 26 of the U-shaped carrier 2 into contact with
the fixed contact, thereby shunting out the contact arm e and its contact e², and
permitting the current from the battery Q to flow through the wire 36, base of
instrument, and direct to the contact through the carrier h², thence by wire 33,
magnet F, wire 34, to the armature-carrier of the receiving instrument, thence
through the circuit-breaking lever d², contact d, wire 35, to the battery.
As the auxiliary armature is attracted as described, to close the circuit between
the carrier and the contact the full current from the battery is permitted to
pass through the magnet F¹, so that the latter will attract its main armature f¹ and
bring the spring m into engagement with the contact 8 on the plate m* permitting
the current from the battery Q to pass through the wire 36, base of the instrument,
armature carrier, contact spring m, contact plate m*, wire 37, magnet of the
. receiver, thence to the armature carrier c and back to the battery through the
wire 35 as before, causing the said magnet c¹ to attract its armature and through
the pallet co rotate its indicating arm one point to the right Fig. 9, to indicate by
the distance moved the number of revolutions per minute which the rotating shaft
is making, and by the direction of its movement in connection with the word
"ahead" printed upon the dial at that side of the vertical line, see Fig. 9 indicating
that the direction of the rotation of the shaft is in accordance with the meaning of
the word "ahead."
As the staff e, carrying the indicating pointer p of the transmitter, is rotated one
point by the attraction of the armature of the magnet F¹, the cam surface of the
groove e in the plate 8 on the inner end of said staff, will act upon the pin e on
the carrier e* to move the contact away from and out of engagement with the
contact arm e, while the circuit will be broken at the receiver by the circuit-
breaking lever d' as described in the application referred to, to permit the parts to
resume their normal position.
Should the contact arm remain in engagement with the contact e and follow it
as it is moved, the circuit will, of course, be immediately closed again as soon as it
is broken by the circuit-breaking lever d in the receiver, thus rotating the pointer p
another point to indicate an increased speed and sending another impulse through
the receiving magnet c¹ to move the receiving pointer another point to indicate the
increased speed; such operation being continued until the contact has been
moved beyond the limit of movement of the contact arme, thus breaking the circuit
between the contact arm and contact, the indicating pointer and recording arm at
the receiver having in the mean time been moved by the successive impulses, sent
over the line as described, around to such position as to indicate the maximum
speed of rotation of the shaft, and at the same time indicating, by the direction in
which it has been moved, the direction of rotation.
If, now, the speed of the shaft a should decrease, the balls will approach nearer
to their axis of rotation to cause the contact arm e to retreat a certain distance and
engage the contact e¹, the circuit being then traced from the battery through
line 36, contact arm e, contact e³, wire 30, contact wire 32, magnet E, wire 34,
through the receiver and back to the battery, such impulse attracting the auxiliary
armature h to close the circuit through the arm 27 of the carrier 2, to thus shunt
out the contact arm and contact as before and permit a current from the battery to

page_text: pass through wire 36, carrier /³, contact 1³, wire 32, magnet F, to the wire 34 and
back to the battery as described, such current attracting the main armature f and
bringing the contact spring m' into engagement with the contact 10 on the plate m³,
and completing the circuit from the battery through wire 36, armature-carrier,
spring m³, contact 10, and plate m³, wire 38, through the receiving magnet c, circuit-
breaking lever d² and wire 35 back to the battery, causing the said receiving
magnet c to attract its armature, move the pallet co to the right to move the
indicating pointer of the receiver and the recording arm one point back toward
their original normal position, the attraction of the armature f of the transmitting
device having at the same time moved the pallet to the right and caused a
rotation of the toothed wheel e¹³ in a direction opposite to that indicated by the
arrow, and moving the pointer p on the transmitting device one point back toward
its normal position opposite to that indicated by the arrow 50, such opposite
movement of the staff on which the pointer is mounted, moving the contact e¹
away from and out of engagement with the contact arm e.
Should the speed continue to decrease, the contact arm will follow the return
movement of the contact e¹ until the shaft has reached a period of rest or until the
minimum speed has been reached, when the contact e¹ by the last impulse sent over
the line, will have been moved away from the contact arm, the circuit being in the
mean time broken after each impulse by the circuit-breaking lever d³ of the receiving
device, the indicating pointer and recording arm of the receiver being also moved
back in unison with the pointer of the transmitting device.
In whichever direction the shaft a is revolved, the balls i*, acting through the
sliding sleeve, will operate through the contact arm e to send impulses indicating
an increased speed through the clectro-magnet F' and impulses indicating a decreased
speed through the magnet F, as previously described there being nothing at the
transmitter to indicate the direction of rotation of the shaft; but it is necessary
to indicate at the receiver not only the speed of the shaft but the direction of
rotation as well.
Therefore it is necessary that the magnet F1 of the transmitter which responds
to, impulses indicating an increased speed should coöperate in the one instance with
the receiving magnet c' to move the indicating pointer of the receiver in one direction
to indicate an increased speed for one direction of rotation of the shaft; while the said
magnet must co-operate with the other receiving magnet c when the direction of
rotation has been changed, for the reason that as the pointer of the receiver is moved in
one or the other direction from its center line to indicate whether the shaft is revolving
in one or the other direction, so must the magnet c¹ in one instance and the magnet c
in the other instance constitute the forward magnet, that is, to move the pointer to
indicate an increased speed.
This change of co-operation between the magnets is effected by the sliding
block m with its contact plates m³, m, arranged and moved as previously described,
so that while the shaft is rotating in one direction, the impulses from the magnet Fi
indicating an increased speed will be sent through the receiving magnet c, while
the impulses from the magnet F indicating a decrease of speed will be sent through
the receiving magnet c until the shaft a shall have reached a period of rest; when
immediately as it begins its rotation in the opposite direction, the sliding block m
will be moved as described from its full-line to its dotted-line position, Figs. 4
and 6, so that as the shaft in reases its speed of rotation in the opposite direction,
the impulses from the magnet F' indicating an increase of speed will be sent through
the spring m and contact plate m³ to the receiving magnet e, instead of as before
through the same spring m and contact plate and receiving magnet c'; so
that the receiving magnet e, which before received impulses from the magnet F to
indicate a reduced speed, will now receive its impulses from the magnet F¹ to move
the pointer and recording arm in the opposite direction to indicate an increased
speed, but in the opposite direction.
The receiving magnet c' is by the same movement of the sliding block m³ placed
in like manner in connection with the transmitting magnet F, so that impulses

page_text: indicating a reduced speed will be sent through the receiving magnet c', which now
acts as the magnet to retract the pointer and recording arm, to indicate the reduced
:speed:
It has been found that the response of the rotating balls of the governor to
changes in speed at low speeds is not as marked or pronounced as the changes at
high speeds, ie., at speed of twenty-five revolutions per minute, if the speed he
increased to thirty revolutions, an increase of five revolutions a certain relative
change in the position of the balls will be produced; but if the speed be one
hundred and twenty-five revolutions per minute and the speed be increased five
revolutions to one hundred and thirty revolutions, it will be found that the balls
at the high speed will respond and change their positions to a greater extent than
they did for the change for the same number of revolutions at a low speed, the
result being that if this variation was not compensated for, the pointer would be
moved through a greater distance to indicate certain specific numbers of revolutions
per minute at high speed than an equal number of revolutions at low speed, this
being objectionable.
To overcome this feature and to produce a uniform movement of the pointer for
a change in the same number of revolutions, whether the shaft be rotated at high
or low speed, I have provided a cam disk to move the contact away from the
contact arm, the cam surface e' of, the said disk being so formed as to move the
contacts through a less distance at each impulse when the movements of the contact
arm are less between each impulse, and to move the contacts through a greater
distance when the contact arm moves the fastest..
Referring to Fig. 7, it will be seen that when the shaft is first started the
movements of the contact arm are comparatively slight for slight changes in speed,
therefore the cam moves the contacts away from the contact arm at each impulse
only a slight distance; whereas, after the shaft has risen to a high speed and the
cam is moved around its axis to a certain distance by the impulses, the contact arm
moves through a greater distance for certain changes in speed, and therefore the
cam moves the contacts away from the arm to a greater distance, the result
being an equalization of the parts to produce a uniform movement of the contact arm.
If the movements of the contacts were uniform from beginning to end without
the use of any cam or equivalent device and the movements of the contact arm
were variable, as described, it will be readily seen that the contact arm would have
to be moved always through an equal distance in order to close the circuit whether
the change which moved it were at high or low speed.
And if the number of revolutions required to move or change the contacts to
a certain distance at high speeds is greater than at low speeds, it will be seen how
the same movement of the pointer at high speeds might indicate a considerably
less increase in revolutions than the movement through the same distance at low
speeds.
To further compensate for this variation, it will be seen that the axes of the
carrier for the contacts and the contact arm are offset from each other, the axis of
the contact arm being at one side of the axis of the contacts, the result being that
as the contacts and arm move towards horizontal positions, the angular position of
the contacts with relation to the contact being lessened, the distance which
separates the contacts relatively to the contact arm is increased and thereby
produces to a lesser degree the same effect as is produced by the cam.
This movement is applicable to a telemeter system or means or apparatus for
indicating or indicating and recording electrically at a distance the motions of
machinery whatever the prime actuator may be, the prime actuator in this instance
being a rotating shaft, but any other moving device having a variable movement
may be employed, the contacts being given a variable movement to compensate
for the variable movement of the contact arm by the prime actuator, the two
Leing thereby equalized.
If a single spring 10 of equal tension throughout to co-operate with the
geyerning balls were employed, it would necessarily be of such tension in order

page_text: to properly control the balls at a high speed of rotation, that it would not permit
the balls to respond quickly at a low speed, as when the shaft a is started.
Such being the case, the shaft a might acquire a certain number of revolutions
per minute, while the pointer p, which is moved only by the governing device,
would not shew any speed at all, as a certain speed would have to be acquired
before the governing balls would act on the spring to move the indicating pointer.
To obviate this, I preferably provide a second spring 10x, which is of less
tension than the spring and which will permit the balls i to be more sensitive
and respond to a low rate of speed of the shaft a, as when the latter is being
started, the spring 10x being fully compressed after a certain number of revolutions
per minute have been attained, when the strong spring 10 will then act as the
governing spring for the device at the higher speeds.
In lieu of the spring described, I may employ a high graduated spring having a
greater tension at one end than at the other, so that it may be easily compressed
at a low rate of speed, but the tension of which, as the speed increases, will
correspondingly increase.
The circuit-controller o°, which controls the operation of the clutch mechanism,
is herein represented as located at a point remote from the said clutch mechanism,
and preferably at the same point as the receiver.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
In telemeter systems or means or apparatus for indicating, or indicating and
recording motions electrically at a distance of parts of machinery or moving
bodies :-
1. A speed indicating device operated by the electrical engagement between a
movable contact arm and a movable contact caused by variations in the speed of
movement of the moving part, substantially as described.
2. A speed-indicating device operated by the electrical engagement between a
movable contact arm and a movable contact caused by variations in the speed of
rotation of the shaft or part, and devices controlled by and to indicate the changes
in the direction of rotation of said shaft or part, substantially as described.
3. A rotating shaft or equivalent part, a contact arın moved by variations in the
speed of rotation of the shaft or part, contacts therefor, two transmitting arms in
circuit respectively with the said contacts, two receiving magnets in circuit with
said transmitting magnets, an indicating device controlled by the said receiving
magnets, and a switch operated by changes in the direction of the shaft or part
to determine which of the receiving magnets shall be controlled by the respective
transmitting magnets, as described.
4. A rotating shaft or equivalent part, a disk thereon carrying a pin, a
longitudinally movable spindle having a dog flexibly connected thereto and lying
in the path of movement of the pin and adapted to move the spindle in one or the
other direction according as the pin strikes the dog upon one or its other side, and
a switch device operated by movement of said spindle to indicate changes in the
direction of rotation of the shaft or moving part, substantially as described.
5. The use of governor balls or equivalent parts to move a contact arm to make
and break an electric circuit for the purpose of indicating changes in the speed of
rotation of a shaft or part, substantially as described.
6. The use of two transmitting magnets or sets of magnets and a contact arm
moved by variations in the speed of rotation of a shaft or part to send an electric
current through one or the other of said magnets to indicate by a suitable
indicating device the speed of rotation of the shaft, or part substantially as
described.
7. For indicating the speed of a rotating shaft or part, an indicating device and
a clutch to throw the same into and out of operative connection with the rotating
B

page_text: shaft or part and electric devices by which to control said clutch from a distant
point, substantially as described.
8. The use of two transmitting magnets or sets of magnets each having a main
and an auxiliary armature and a movable contact arm actuated by changes in the
speed of rotation of the shaft or part to vary the circuit of said magnets to cause
them to attract first their auxiliary armatures and to cause them to subsequently
attract their main armatures, and an indicating device controlled by said magnets,
substantially as described.
9. For indicating the movements of a member, the movements of which are
irregular, the use of compensating devices between the said member and the
indicating device, whereby the irregular movements of the rotating member are
caused to impart a uniform or regular movement to the indicator, substantially,
as described.
10. For indicating the movements of a rotating shaft or part, the movements
of which are irregular, the use of a cam between the rotating shaft or part and
the indicating device to transmit a uniform or regular movement to the indicating
device from the irregularly moving shaft or part, as described.
11. The use of governor balls or their equivalents to actuate a movable contact
arm to control the indicating device, and strong and weak springs to control the
movements of the governor balls or devices whereby the same are permitted to
move with less resistance at times than at others, as described.
1
12. For indicating the rotative movements of a shaft or part, the movements
of which are irregular, the use of a contact arm moved by the shaft or part,
and two contacts arranged at opposite sides of the contact arm, and a carrier
for the contacts the axes of the contact and carrier being offset one from the
other to thereby transmit a uniform or regular movement to the indicating
device from the irregularly moving shaft or part, substantially as described.
13. The use of a movable contact yieldingly connected with its actuating
shaft or member to permit the same to be rotated through a considerable distance
in advance of the contact arm, the latter being permitted to follow substantially as
described.
Dated the 16th day of January 1893.
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.