Improvements in Petroleum Engines.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Apr., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 10th Feb., 1896-Accepted, 14th Mar., 1896
Improvements in Petroleum Engines.
I JAMES FIELDS WEATHERLEY of the Borough of Saint Ives in the County
of Huntingdon Solicitor do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows
This invention relates to improvements in petroleum motors whereby an impulse
is obtained at every revolution with a full load together with economy in working
and an avoidance of leakage of noxious vapour. The engine as described is
vertical but may if desired be horizontal or otherwise. The piston crank and
connecting rod work in a sealed chamber attached to or forming part of the
cylinder casting the outer end of the piston which is connected to the crank by a
rod in the ordinary way is open to the sealed chamber.
The piston
packed with rings at both ends one of which ends acts as an air
pump and the other compresses the charge and receives the force of the
explosion.
A second chamber or vaporiser is attached to the cylinder casting and is
connected at one end by a passage or portway having a valve therein with the
sealed chamber and at the other end by a passage or portway with the motor
cylinder which last mentioned passage or portway is uncovered by the piston on
approaching the end of its acting stroke and covered again soon after the return
stroke is commenced.
The oil is contained in a tank in the bed of the engine and kept under pressure
the air for which purpose is supplied by a pump worked from the main shaft by an
eccentric in the usual way.
The oil is forced with a certain proportion of air from the tank in which it is
contained through pipes to a spraymaker attached to the bottom of the vaporiser
and thus broken up into minute particles.
An additional supply of air is forced into the vaporiser through the portway
connected with the sealed chamber and completes the charge to be ignited and
exploded.
The charge is admitted to the working cylinder through the portway before
mentioned as uncovered by the piston on approaching the end of its acting
stroke.
In an engine of this description the cylinder is closed at one end by a suitable
cover to which is fixed the exhaust valve worked from the shaft by cam and
levers or an eccentric, the other end of the cylinder opens into the casing forming
the sealed chamber within which is the crank working in suitable bearings in one
or both walls of the casing. The end of the cylinder which is closed by the
cover is that in which the charge is received compressed ignited and expanded,
the other end opening into the casing acts as a pump and supplies air from a valve
in the casing to the vaporiser as before mentioned.
There is a valve in the spraymaker which is worked by cam lever and roller
from the shaft this valve being closed by the governors, which may be centrifugal
or pendulum, when the speed becomes too great.
On starting the engine the vaporiser is heated by burning a jet of oil and air

page_text: from the spraymaker, or if preferred a separate lamp may be used. After the
engine has commenced running the vaporiser is maintained sufficiently hot by the
whole or a portion of the exhaust products of combustion being carried from
the exhaust valve through and around between the inner and outer walls of the
vaporiser before being discharged into the atmosphere. The charge is fired by a
hot tube or if preferred by electricity.
The engine may if necessary be made to run in either direction.
Other modifications of petroleum motors may be constructed to work on the
principles of this invention as set forth.
Dated this 8th day of April 1895
I JAMES FIELDS WEATHERLEY Borough of St. Ives County of Huntingdon
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in petroleum motors whereby an impulse
is obtained at every revolution with a full load together with economy in working
& an avoidance of leakage of noxious vapours.
vertical but if desired may be horizontal or otherwise. The piston crank & con-
The engine as described is
necting rod work in a sealed chamber attached to or forming part of the cylinder
casting the outer end of the piston which is connected to the crank by a rod in
the ordinary way is open to the sealed chamber. The piston is packed with rings
at both ends one of which acts as an air pump & the other compresses the charge
& receives the shock of the explosion. A second chamber or vapouriser is attached
to the cylinder casting & is connected at one end by a passage or portway having a
valve therein with the sealed chamber & at the other end by a passage or portway
with the motor cylinder which last mentioned passage or portway is uncovered by
the piston on approaching the end of its acting stroke & covered again soon after
the return stroke is commenced. The petroleum is contained in a tank in the bed
of the engine & kept under pressure the air for which purpose is supplied by a
small pump worked from the main shaft by an eccentric in the usual way. The
petroleum is forced with a certain proportion of air from the tank in which it is
contained through a pipe to a spray maker attached to the bottom of the vapouriser
& thus broken up into minute particles. An additional supply of air is forced
into the vapouriser through the portway connected with the sealed chamber, &
completes the charge to be ignited and exploded the charge is admitted to the
working cylinder through the portway which is before mentioned as uncovered by
the piston on approaching the end of its acting stroke. In an engine of this
description the cylinder is closed at one end by a suitable cover to which is fired
the exhaust valve worked from the shaft by a cam & levers or an eccentric the
other end of the cylinder opens into the casing forming the sealed chamber within
which is the crank working in suitable bearings in one or both walls of the casing.
The end of the cylinder which is closed by the cover, is that in which the charge
is received, compressed, ignited & expanded. The other end opening into the
casing acts as a pump and supplies from a valve in the casing air to the vapouriser
as before mentioned. There is a valve in the spray maker which is worked by a
cam, lever, and roller from the shaft this valve being closed by the governors
which may be centrifugal, or otherwise when the speed becomes to high.
On starting the engine the vaporiser is heated by burning a jet of oil & air
from the spraymaker & if preferred a hand lamp may be used. After the engine

page_text: has commenced running the vapouriser is kept sufficiently hot by the whole or a
portion of the exhaust products of combustion being carried from the exhaust
valve through and round between the inner and outer walls of the vaporiser,
before being discharged into the atmosphere. The charge is fired by a hot tube
or if prefered by au electric spark. The engine may if necessary be made to.
run in either direction. Other modifications of petroleum motors may be
constructed to work on the principles of this invention as herein before set forth.
In order that my invention may be fully understood I now refer to the annexed
drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a sectional view showing my invention.
Figure 2 enlarged view of a spraymaker.
Figure 3 enlarged view of nut h.
j
a is a cylinder in which the piston moves one end of this cylinder a being-
connected to a sealed chamber 9. c is the vapouriser having the opening d into.
the cylinder a, e is the spraymaker which is in connection with the tank containing
the oil said tank having an air pump connected thereto which may be operated.
by the engine or independently when it is required to start the engine the sealed
chamberg is in connection with the vaporiser c so that the issuing oil and air from
the spraymaker is met by and further mixed and split up by the current of com-..
pressed air from the sealed chamber g, which is conveyed by the pipe i to same.
By this means the mixed charge is employed to clear the explosion chamber of the
products of cumbustion as the valves which may be of any convenient and well
know form of construction are operated by levers or connections so that the
exhaust outlet which communicates with the spark for the purpose of heating the
vaporiser is closed at such a time as to prevent the escape of the oil vapour and
air after the products of combustion have been driven from the explosion chamber
or cylinder. By this arrangement the compressing of the air in the sealed
chamber acts in two ways namely to further vaporise or split up the oil & also to
displace the products of combustion from the explosion chamber & at the same.
time bringing the vapour into the explosion chamber quickley so as to prevent
condensation & giving greater efficiency. The opening of the ports being so timed
that the entering charge of oil, vapour, and air, displace the products of com--
bustion is then compressed and fired and so on thus giving an explosion or impulse
at every revolution. The vaporiser is heated when starting the engine by
removeing the screw nut from contact with the vaporiser and then lighting the.
mixed oil & air from the spray maker & when the vaporising chamber has reached
a suitable temperature the nut is screwed up so as to close the vapourising chamber
and the engine may be started. The output of the spray maker may be controlled
by a valve and governer of any well known construction for the purpose of
regulating the speed of the engine as required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-.
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
(1.) An improved oil engine as described and shown herein.
(2.) A new or improved oil engine of the class in which an impulse is given to.
the engine at each revolution the piston at each movement caused by the firing
compressing a charge of air in a sealed chamber, which is connected to the-
vaporising chamber & the charge of compressed air is allowed at a desired part.
of the stroke to enter same so as to mix with the oil & air issuing from the spray
maker & further split up same and drive or displace the products of the previous.
explosion from the explosion chamber or cylinder.
(3.) A screw nut forming a valve for the purpose of closing or opening an
aperture in the vapouriser as desired for faciliting the heating of the vapouriser
when starting the engine.
(4.) In combination with spray makers in oil engines having a sealed chamber-
the use of an additional supply of compressed air acting upon the mixed oil.

page_text: & air which issues from the spray maker in the vapouriser substantially as
described.
Dated this 9th Jon of Fah 1000
E. EATON.
Agent for Applicant.