Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application. 19th July, 1888
Specification Accepted, 31st Aug., 1888
JOHN SANDERS STEVENS 48 Leicester Square London Engineer do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention consists in an edging plough for gardening purposes. Its object is
to lessen the labour involved in the use of the spade or other tool employed for turning
back the mould from the edge of the lawn or other bordering, and to render this
operation continuous.
The construction, and method of using my invention will be readily understood by
reference to the drawings, in which :-
Fig. 1, is a plan of the edging plough.
Fig. 2, is an elevation of same.
Fig. 3, an enlarged view of the taper socket & tongue.
Fig. 4, an end view showing the position of the tool, when at work.
Fig. 5, elevation of plough having rollers.
Fig. 6, plan of plough fitted with rollers & rounded ends.
Fig. 7, plan of plough having adjustable hinged angle piece or turnfurrow.
Fig. 8, plan of plough having adjustable turufurrow mounted upon spring.
A, Figs. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8, is a rectangular piece of wood, metal or other suitable
substance of sufficient length for my purpose which I find to be from 6 to 12 inclies or
more.
At any convenient point I mount an eye or eyes e, these may be rigidly fixed, or
they may be made to swivel in any required direction. To the side of the rectangular
piece A, I fix an angular piece or turnfurrow B, formed of metal or other suitable
substance; this may be riveted or rigidly fastened in any other manner; or to enable
the furrow to be varied by the insertion of a turnfurrow of greater or less angle, it
may be mounted upon a taper socket b, which may be cast upon, riveted, or other-
wise fastened upon the rectangular piece A. A taper tongue C, having a screwed
pin d, furnished with a nut f, is riveted or cast upon the turnfurrow B, this tongue is
passed into the socket b, and is securely fastened or unfastened when required by

page_text: means of the nut f, as shewn. In some cases 1 form this socket joint vertically instead
of horizontally. A wooden handle J. (Fig. 1) which may be straight or bent furnished
with a book or equivalent device i, is now passed into the eye or eyes e, and the plough
placed upon the lawn, wood or tile edging as shewn in Fig. 4. By exerting gentle
pressure upon the handle J, or by or by pulling or pushing the same a continuous
groove or furrow is formed in the mould; the turnfurrow B, pressing back the earth
and preserving it in a line parallel to the edging, thus making a clean edge with an
uniform depth. I sometimes serrate the lower edge of the turnfurrow as shown in
Fig. 5, or it may be formed after the manner of a comb as in Fig. 2, to facilitate the
cutting of stiff soil.
Further modifications of my invention consists in rounding or cambering the edges
of the rectangular piece A, as in Fig. 5 & 6, and in inserting two or more rollers g g.
in the piece A, as shewn. The rollers facilitate the traverse of the plough upon the
lawn, tile or other edging. I sometimes mount the angular piece or turnfurrow B,
upon a hinge joint h, formed in the substance of the rectangular piece A as in Fig. 7.
A set screw K is pivoted at 1, and fastened by lock nuts to lug m, or I vary this
arrangement by mounting the piece B. on a plain spring S, see Fig. 8, any desired
adjustinent can be given to the turnfurrow B, by means of the setscrew K, and lock
nuts, or the underside of the setscrew may be serrated or notched, and made to engage
with the edge of the rectangular piece, the ridge or furrow being thereby diminished
or increased in width as may be desired. The tool may be especially formed of circular
or other shape for passing round corners, oval or other beds.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I would wish it understood that
I do not bind myself to the exact detail as shewn and described as the same may be
varied without departing from the spirit of my invention. What I claim is :—
1st. An edging plough for gardening purposes constructed as described, with
reference to Figs. 1. 2. 3. for the purposes set forth.
2nd. In combination with an edging plough the socket b, cast, riveted, or otherwise
mounted upon rectangular or other shaped piece A, The tongue C, pin d¹, nut f,
mounted on turnfurrow B, for the purpose of attaching said turn furrow to the piece A,
The eye e. mounted rigidly or otherwise, all combined & operating together for the
purposes described.
3rd. In an edging plough the mounting of one, or more than one eye e. fast or loose.
as described; the arrangement of cambered ends and the rollers g g, as shown in
Fig. 5. 6.
4th. The method of attaching the turn furrow B, by means of hinge joint h or plain
spring S, and the adjustable set screw K, lug m, and lock nuts, or the rack adjustment
replacing same, substantially as shewn and described under Figs. 7 and 8, operating
in the manner and for the purposes set forth.
5th. The method of serrating or combing the lower edge of turn furrow for the
purpose described.
Dated T110
1000
FRANCIS M. ROGERS
Agent for Applicant.