Improvements in the Manufacture, of Decorated Flotile Ware.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Sept., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 26th June, 1895-Accented, 3rd Aug., 1895
F
Improvements in the Manufacture, of Decorated Flotile Ware.
We THE WORCESTER ROYAL PORCELAIN CO. LIMITED of The Royal
Porcelain Works, City of Worcester, Porcelain Manufacturers, WILLIAM MOORE
BINNS of The Royal Porcelain Works, Worcester, Art Superintendent, and
GEORGE HENRY HANCOCK of Chestnut Walk in the said City of Worcester, in
the employ of the said Company, Poiter's Chemist, do thereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
The invention relates to the coloring, staining, or otherwise decorating by means
of color such fictile wares as porcelain, pottery, or earthenware.
The invention may be said to consist of the coloring, staining or otherwise
decorating in color, such fictile wares as above named by means of metals or
metallic salts in solution instead of such metals or metallic salts in pigment.
The article is first manufactured of such clay or mixture of clays as will become
when burnt at sufficient heat more or less vitrified, and come under the heading of
fictile ware such as porcelain, pottery or earthenware. After leaving the hands of
the potter it is thoroughly dried and then in either a kiln, muffle or other furnace
baked at such a temperature as will leave it when cooled and removed from the
kilo, in a sufficiently porous and absorbent condition.
A solution is then made of any desired metal or mineral or of any salt of any
desired metal either by dissolving the metal or the salt in acid, water or other
solvent, or vehicle.
The solution of the metal or its salt, is then applied by means best suited' to
produce the effect; such as sonkage through the material, brushing, sprinkling,
diffusion or other methods known in the art to produce decoration and color desired;
which solution is at once absorbed into the substance of the piece-porcelain,
pottery or earthenware-by reason of its porous and absorbent condition.
The article to which the metallic solution has been applied, and into which it has
been absorbed is then dried, when quite dry, it is baked at a suitable heat which
may vary from that of its first baking, which second baking will develop in the
article, the desired stain, color or decoration, intended to be produced.
The production of further decorations or effects such as variety of shades, colors
or contrasting effects may be effected by repeating the operations, and finally
superposed decorations may be applied.
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2001

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Decorated Fictile Ware.
We, THE WORCESTER ROYAL PORCELAIN Co. LIMITED of The Royal
Porcelain Works, City of Worcester, Porcelain Manufacturers, WILLIAM MOORE
BINNS of The Royal Porcelain Works, Worcester, Art Superintendent, and
GEORGE HENRY HANCOCK of Chestnut Walk in the said City of Worcester in
the employ of the said Company, Potter's Chemist do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The invention relates to the coloring, staining, or otherwise decorating by means
of color such fictile wares as porcelain, pottery, or earthenware.
The invention may be said to consist of the coloring, staining or otherwise
decorating in color, such fictile wares as above named by means of metals or
metallio salts in solution instead of such metals or metallic salts in pigment.
The article is first manufactured of such clay or mixture of clays as will become
when burnt at sufficient heat more or less vitrified, and coine under the heading of
fictile ware such as porcelain, pottery or earthenware. After leaving the hands of
the potter it is thoroughly dried and then in either a kiln, muffle, or other furnace
baked at such a temperature as will leave it when cooled and removed from the
kiln, in a sufficiently porous and absorbent condition.
A solution is then made of any desired metal or mineral or of any salt of any
desired metal either by dissolving the metal or the salt in acid, water or other
solvent, or vehicle.
The solution of the metal or its salt, is then applied by means best suited to
produce the effect; such as sonkage through the material, brushing, sprinkling,
diffusion or other methods known in the art to produce decoration and color
desired; which solution is at once absorbed into the substance of the piece-
porcelain, pottery or earthenware-by reason of its porous and absorbent condition.
The article to which the metallic solution has been applied, and into which it has
been absorbed is then dried; when quite dry, it is baked in a suitable heat which
may vary from that of its first baking, which second baking will develop in the
article, the desired stain, color or decoration, intended to be produced.
The production of further decorations or effects such as a variety of shades, colors
or contrasting effects may be effected by repeating the operations, and finally
superposed decorations may be applied.
For example, a vase or other article is made in clay or a mixture of clays.or
other materials in the usual manner by casting, pressing or throwing. After having
been dried it is fired in a kilo or muffle at such a temperature as will leave it when
cooled and withdrawn from the kilu in a state sufficiently porons to absorb quickly
any liquid applied to its surface. According to the colour required to be produced
a solution is made of some metal, whose colouring proporties have been ascertained,
either by dissolving the metal itself in an acid in which it is soluble or by dissolving
some crystalline salt of the metal in water. For instance if iron be used its
crystalline salt sulphate (green copperas) is dissolved in a proper quantity of
water making thereby a saturated solution. The porous vase or other article
upon being immersed for a few seconds in the solution absorbs into its body or
texture a quantity of the solution. The article is then set to dry and afterwards
is again fired in a kiln or muffle to such a degree of heat as will render it either
complete as a bisque piece or capable of taking a glaze if it is intended to glaze it.
When taken from the kiln after this firing the article will be of a bright red colour
which by glazing may be modified to brown or yellow.
Other metals in solution are employed in like manner to produce varying
colours and effects.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
:-
The mauufacture of decorative fictile wares by coloring, staining or otherwise
decorating in color such wares by means of metals, or mineral or metallic salts in
solution, as and for the purpose herein before set forth.
Dated the 26th day of June 1895.
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56 Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicants.