Improved Closing Device for Capsules designed to Contain Gas or other Fluid under High Pressure.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Mar., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 29th Sept., 1897-Accepted, 20th Nov., 1897
FRUVIDIUNAL DIECIFICATION,
Improved Closing Device for Capsules designed to Contain Gas or
other Fluid under High Pressure.
A communication from abroad from FRANZ JOSEF BRISCHAR, of 13, Schaffhauser-
strasse, Zurich, Switzerland, Engineer.
I, WILLIAM LLOYD WISE of 46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of London,
Consulting Engineer and Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows;-
This invention relates to a device for closing capsules that are intended to contain
gases or other fluids under high pressure.
The closure, which is sufficiently tight to withstand the high pressure, depends
on the fact that with the valve closed to the exterior, the so-called valve chamber
is completely tight-jointed to the outer air, that is to say, an absolute obturation
by pressure is effected between the two abutments that limit the movement of the
valve.
It is not difficult to ensure the tight closing of the valve, but the obturation
at the neck or top of the capsules has heretofore caused the greatest difficulties.
This has now been effected by providing between the walls of the valve-seat and.
the adjacent walls along which the gases might possibly be able to escape into the
outer air in the case of a bad joint, a space which is filled with a compressed
jointing-material, so that the closure is absolutely hermetic, even in the case of
gases at the highest pressures.
The accompanying drawings illustrate a number of examples, the valve being
shown both closed and open.
Fig. 1 is an elevation of a capsule whose shape is somewhat like that of an
egg, and
Fig. 2 is a view of the same capsule drawn to a larger scale and showing the
closing-neck in longitudinal section; whilst
Figs. 3, 4, and 6 show modifications of this construction.
Fig. 5 is an elevation of a capsule according to the modification shown in
Fig. 6.
Fig. 5 shows a similar example having a body of a more spherical shape.
Fig. 2 shows to a larger scale the section of the neck of the capsule shown in
Fig. 2.
Figs. 7 and 8 show, also to a larger scale, the construction of the modification
of the device shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7 representing the valve as closed and Fig. 8
showing it open.
Fig. 8 shows the modification according to Fig. 8 before the neck of the
capsule has been jointed, and helps to render clearer the nature of the invention
by illustrating this stage in the production of the neck of the capsule.
The neck of the capsule a (see Figs. 1, 2, and 2") contains an inner bearing
surface upon which bears the edge of an internal obturating cap d.
An

page_text: outer obturating cap e is combined with the internal obturating cap d in such a
manner that one cap (e in the example shown in Fig. 2) enters with the outer
part of its bottom end for a short distance into the cavity of the other cap (d in
the example shown in Fig. 2), the arrangement being such that a valve-chamber f
is formed between the two bottom ends of the two caps. The outer cap e is placed
into position whilst the edge 6° of the neck 6 of the capsule is still unbent (see
Fig. 8). Before the formation of the valve-chamber-that is to say, before the
cape is placed into or upon the cap d-care must of course, be taken to see that
the valve has been first mounted in the proper place. In the example shown in
Figs. 2 and 2, the stem g¹ of the valve is placed loosely in a central aperture in
the cap e, whilst an opening i is provided in the cap d for the inflow and outflow
of the gases under pressure. The valve g is made in such a manner that when in
the closed position (Figs. 2 2 and 3) the hole m in the cap e is tightly closed by it,
the bearing surface of the valve and that of the valve seat being made perfectly
smooth. But as they might possibly not remain smooth, it is advisable to make
the obturating surface of the valve of a somewhat softer material,--such as, for
example, ebonite, or very soft metal compositions; or either the bearing surface
of the valve or the surface upon which the valve bears when closed, may be simply
lined or covered with a softer material, such as, for example, a small rubber plate.
The side of the valve g turned towards the aperture i must, on the contrary, not
be smooth, in order that the aperture i shall not be closed but shall always leave
the necessary channels for the passage of the gas into and out of the capsule. For
this purpose the valve may be provided, as shown by way of example, on the
side turned towards the interior of the capsule, with ribs g³ arranged as a cross that
will serve to hold the valve above the hole i; grooves or inequalities of any kind
whatever would serve the same purpose.
For the purpose of rendering possible a sufficient pressure-obturation there is
inserted between the capsule neck 6 and the opposite cap (e in the example shown
in Figs. 2 and 2") a ring n which closes hermetically the space between the internal
wall of the neck, the external wall of the opposite cap, and the rims of the two
caps d and e and which consists of a mass which at normal temperature and pressure
is hard, but is yet, sufficiently plastic to enable it, when considerable pressure is
exerted on the neck to fill up the finest joints of the annular space and any adjacent
interspaces that there may be between the several small surfaces. This mass may
be a soft metal-alloy or hard rubber, as ebonite. The pressure is exerted on
forming the rim 6°. For this purpose any suitable pressing apparatus may be
employed and the pressure exerted on the rim 6° is transferred to the rim of the
cape, and thereby there is simultaneously produced a most hermetic obturation
between the caps e and d and in fact, all over the surfaces of contact of the soft
ring n and the surrounding metal surfaces. The ring n forms a kind of hollow
caulking plug.
In the example shown in Fig. 3 the valve-opening pin is in the lower cap d;
in the example shown in Fig. 4 there is no guiding pin for the valve at all,
i.c., the valve consists simply of a small plate; and whereas in the examples shown
in Figs. 2 and 2", Fig. 3, and Fig. 4, the valve-chamber is turned towards the
capsule, in the example shown in Figs. 6, 7, and 8 the valve chamber is turned
outwards i.e., projects somewhat above the neck-end of the capsule.
The new construction presents, over similar forms, heretofore known, the
important advantage that the extremely certain caulking by the ring n ensures
the formation of an absolutely gas-tight valve-chamber f, because the obturation
of the valve-surface itself can be easily effected. There is consequently produced
by the caulking effected by means of the turned over edge 6° and the ring n an
absolutely gas-tight chamber f. Without further apparatus the valve can be
easily opened, for a comparatively small pressure on the pin g¹ thereof (in the
example shown in Fig. 2) is sufficient to let out easily gas compressed to 60
atmospheres. A pressure with an ordinary pin is therefore sufficient to open
the valve. The opening would be still more facilitated, in the example shown in

page_text: Fig. 6, if the valve-pin passed through the outer cap instead of the inner one,
in a manner similar to that of the example shown in Fig. 2. A capsule provided
with a closing device according to this invention can very easily be only partially
emptied for all that is necessary is simply to remove the pressure on the pin gl. This
closing-device enables a capsule provided therewith to be refilled and thereby
ensures a considerable saving in capsules and consequently a greater employment
thereof.
1007
W. LLOYD WISE,
46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.
Improved Closing Device for Capsules designed to Contain Gas or
other Fluid under High Pressure.
I, WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of 46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of London,
Consulting Engineer, and Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention (a communication to me from Franz Josef Brischar, of .13
Schaffhauserstrasse, Zurich, Switzerland, Engineer) and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
This invention relates to a device for closing capsules that are intended to contain
gases or other fluids under high pressure.
The closure, which is sufficiently tight to withstand the high pressure, depends
on the fact that with the valve closed to the exterior, the so-called valve chamber
is completely tight jointed to the outer air, that is to say, an absolute obturation
by pressure is effected between the two abutments that limit the movement of the
valve.
It is not difficult to ensure the tight closing of the valve, but the obturation
at the neck or top of the capsules has heretofore caused the greatest difficulties.
This has now been effected by providing between the walls of the valve seat and
the adjacent walls along which the gases might possibly be able to escape into the
outer air in the case of a bad joint, a space which is filled with a compressed
jointing material, so that the closure is absolutely hermetic, even in the case of
gases at the highest pressures.
The drawings accompanying my Provisional Specification illustrate a number
of examples, the valve being shown both closed and opened.
Fig. 1 is an elevation of a capsule whose shape is somewhat like that of an
egg, and
Fig. 2 is a view of the same capsule drawn to a larger scale and showing the
closing neck in longitudinal section: whilst
Figs. 3, 4 and 6 show modifications of this construction.
Fig. 5 is an elevation of a capsule according to the modification shown in
Fig. 6.
Fig. 5 shows a similar example having a body of a more spherical shape.
Fig. 2 shows to a larger scale the section of the neck of the capsule shown in
Fig. 2-
Figs. 7 and 8 show, also to a larger scale, the construction of the modification
of the device shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7 representing the valve as closed and Fig. 8
showing it open.
Fig. 8 shows the modification according to Fig. 8 before the neck of the

page_text: capsule has been jointed, and helps to render clearer the nature of the invention
by illustrating this stage in the production of the neck of the capsule.
The neck of the capsule a (see Figs. 1, 2, and 2) contains an inner bearing
surface c upon which bears the edge or flange of an inner obturating cap d.
An outer obturating cap c is combined with the internal obturating cap d'in such
a manner that one cap (e in the example shown in Figures 2 and 2) enters with the
outer part of its bottom end for a short distance into the cavity of the other cap
(d in the example shown in Figures 2 and 2) the arrangement being such that
a valve chamber f is formed between the two bottom ends of the two caps. The
outer cap e is placed into position whilst the edge 6° of the neck 6 of the capsule is
still unbent (see Fig. 8).
Before the formation of the valve chamber, that is to say, before the cap e is
placed into or upon the cap d, care must of course, be taken to see that the valve
has been first mounted in the proper place. In the example shown in Figures 2
and 2, the stem g' of the valve g is placed loosely in a central aperture m in the
cap e, whilst an opening i is provided in the cap d for the inflow and outflow of
the gases under pressure. The valve g is made in such a manner that when in the
closed position (Figures 2, 2 and 3) the hole m in the cap e is tightly closed by
it, the bearing surface of the valve and that of the valve seat being made perfectly
smooth. But as they might possibly not remain smooth, it is advisable to make
the obturating surface of the valve of a somewhat softer material, such as, for
example, ebonite, or very soft metal compositions: or either the bearing surface
of the valve or the surface upon which the valve bears when closed, may be simply
lined or covered with a softer material, such as, for example, a small rubber plate.
The side of the valve g turned towards the aperture i must, on the contrary not
be smooth, in order that the aperture i shall not be closed but shall always leave the
necessary channels for the passage of the gas into and out of the capsule.
For this purpose the valve may he provided, as shown by way of example, on
the side turned towards the interior of the capsule, with ribs arranged as a cross
that will serve to hold the valve above the hole i; grooves or inequalities of any
kind whatever either on the bottom of the valve or on the upper surface of the lower
cap would serve the same purpose.
For the purpose of rendering possible a sufficient pressure obturation there is
inserted between the capsule neck 6 and the opposite cap (e in the example shown
in Figures 2 and 2) a ring n which closes hermetically the space between the internal
wall of the neck b the external wall of the opposite cap e, and the rims of the two
caps d and c and which consists of a mass which at normal temperature and pressure
is hard but is yet, sufficiently plastic to enable it when considerable pressure is
exerted on the neck to fill up the finest joints of the annular space and any adjacent
interspaces that there may be between the several small surfaces. This mass may
be a soft metal-alloy or hard rubber, as ebonite. The pressure is exerted on
forming the rim 6º.
For this purpose any suitable pressing apparatus may be
employed and the pressure exerted on the rim 6° is transferred to the rim of the
cape and thereby there is simultaneously produced a complete hermetic obturation
between the caps c and d and in fact, all over the surfaces of contact of the soft
ring n and the surrounding metal surfaces. The ring n forms a kind of hollow
caulking plug..
In the example shown in Fig. 3 the valve-guiding pin is in the lower cap d;
in the example shown in Fig. 4 there is no guiding pin for the valve at all,
i.e., the valve consists simply of a small plate; and whereas in the examples show
in Figs. 2 and 2" Fig. 3, and Fig. 4, the valve chamber is turned towards the
capsule, in the example shown in Figures 6, 7, 8 and 8, the valve chamber is turned
outwards i.e. projects somewhat above the neck end of the capsule.
The new construction presents, over similar forms heretofore known, the
important advantage that the extremely certain caulking by the ring n ensures
the formation of an absolutely gas-tight valve chamber f, because the obturation
of the valve surface itself can be easily effected. There is consequently produced

page_text: by the caulking effected by means of the turned over edge 6° and the ring n an
absolutely gas tight chamber f.
Without further apparatus the valve can be easily opened, for a com-
paratively small pressure on the pin g₁ thereof (in the example shown
in Figures 2 and 2ª) is sufficient to let out easily gas compressed to 60
atmospheres. A pressure by hand with a suitable pusher is therefore sufficient
to open the valve. The opening will be still more facilitated in the example shown in
Figures 6, 7, 8 and 8, if the valve-pin passed through the outer cap instead of
the inner one, in a manner similar to that of the example shown in Figures 2
and 24.
A capsule provided with a closing device according to this invention can very
easily be only partially emptied, for all that is necessary is simply to remove the
pressure on the pin g¹ or valve g. This closing device enables a capsule provided
therewith to be refilled and thereby ensures a considerable saving in capsules and
consequently a greater employment thereof.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
-
1. The improved valvular closing device for capsules designed to contain gas
or other fluid under high pressure, substantially as herein set forth.
2. In closing devices for capsules designed to contain gas or other fluid under
high pressure, the combination of an inner obturating cap supported by its edge
or flange on a ledge or seat in the capsule neck, an outer obturating cap, a valve
chamber formed between the two caps, the arrangement of the two caps so that
the one enters for a short distance into the cavity of the other cap, an opening in
each cap for the inflow and outflow of the gases under pressure, a valve
with or without a guiding or pressure pin arranged within the valve chamber,
and projections or recesses on the lower side of the valve to secure the inflow and
outflow of the gases when the valve is resting on the bottom of the inner cap
substantially as herein set forth.
2
3. In closing devices for capsules designed to contain gas or other fluid under
high pressure, the combination of an inner obturating cap supported by its edge/
or flange on a ledge or seat in the capsule neck, an outer obturating cap, a valve
chamber formed between the two caps, the arrangement of the two caps so that
the one enters for a short distance into the cavity of the other cap, an opening in
each cap for the inflow and outflow of the gases under pressure, a valve
arranged within the valve chamber, projections or recesses on the lower side of the
valve to secure the inflow and outflow of the gases when the valve is resting on the
bottom of the inner cap and a ring to close hermetically the space comprised
between the inner wall of the capsule neck, the external wall of the opposite cap
and the rims of the two caps substantially as herein set forth.
4. In closing devices for capsules designed to contain gas or other fluid under
high pressure, the combination of an inner obturating cap supported by its edge
or flange on a ledge or seat in the capsule neck, an outer obturating cap, a valve
chamber formed between the two caps, an opening in each cap for the inflow and
outflow of the gases under pressure, a valve arranged within the valve chamber,
projections or recesses on the bottom of the valve or on the upper surface of the
lower cap and a ring to close hermetically the space comprised between the inner
wall of the capsule neck, the external wall of the opposite cap and the rinis of the
two caps, substantially as herein set forth.
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mail 1007
HARRIS & MILLS,
23 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.