IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS OR VALVES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Morgan, of 21, Cockspur Street, Charing Cross,
in the County of Middlesex, Secretary of the Inventors' Patentright Asso-
ciation (Limited), for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS OR
VALVES." A communication from abroad by La Société Anonyme de produits
Chimiques (Etablissement Maletra), of Paris, in the Republic of France.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Morgan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th February 1882.
THOMAS MORGAN, of 21 Cockspur Street Charing Cross in the County of
Middlesex, Secretary of the Inventors Patentright Association Limited. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN COCKS OR VALVES." (A communication from abroad by La Societé
Anonyme de produits Chimiques (Etablissement Maletra) of Paris in the Republic
of France.)
This Invention relates to cocks or valves and has for its object an improved
system of construction which is distinguished by the peculiar form of the plug as
hereinafter described. The plug of these improved cocks or valves is constituted
by a ring or segment split vertically or in the direction of its axis in a plane per-
pendicular to the line of the ports, in order to enable the fluid under pressure to
enter the interior of the plug and press it against its seat or socket so as to make
a perfectly fluid tight fit or joint when the cock or valve is closed.-For this
purpose when closing the valve, the plug is turned so as to bring the split sido
(which presents a narrow opening) exactly opposite the pipe or passage through
which the water, steam, or other fluid is supplied. This segmental plug is
worked by a special mode of adjustment which leaves it perfectly free or
independent.
The plug which is constituted by a hollow cylinder or segment of steel split or
divided vertically at one side and perforated by two ports arranged exactly opposite
each other works in a socket or chamber completely closed at the lower part.-This
segmental plug is recessed at its upper part for the reception of a steel or iron cross
D

page_text: bar, upon which a key is fitted by means of a suitable recess in the lower part of
the key, the said key being provided with a projecting stem or rod terminating in
a square end.
This key is guided and supported in a cap of brass or cast iron screwed or bolted
to the body of the valve chamber or socket. The cross bar may be dispensed with
and in its stead 3 or 4 cross arms may be substituted-When the segmental plug
is turned so as to bring the ports opposite the passages in the sides of the valve
chamber, the valve is open. In order to close it, the seginental plug is rotated so as
to bring the split side or opening opposite the passage through which the steam,
gas, or liquid is delivered under pressure. This fluid then enters the interior of the
segmental plug and presses it against the sides of the chamber, thus automatically
preventing leakage. The opening in the split side of the segmental plug may bo
of any convenient width and the plug may even bo made of such a form as to
occupy a small fraction only of the internal space in the chamber, but it is
indispensable that it should be elastic, and be capable of closing all the openings in
the sides of the chamber.-The segmental plug may be caused to partake of a
vertical motion instead of a rotary motion.
The valve chamber is bored out cylindrically in a vertical direction to receive
and guide a segmental plug which is hollowed out as in the preceeding arrangement;
and presents a slit or opening on the side where the steam or fluid enters under
pressure the said slit or opening being in communication with the interior of the
plug. A screw supported at the upper and lower part is passed through the plug
and serves to move the latter upwards or downwards a guide screw being provided
in the side of the valve chamber.-A set screw in order to prevent the plug from
turning in the bottom of the chamber serves for adjustment.-A conical shoulder
is formed on the screw to prevent leakage one extremity of the screw passing
through the plug projects through a cover provided with lateral lugs and enables
-the said screw to be turned by a hand wheel or otherwise. The segmental plug
may be made without ports and may occupy-for-example_the_space_of a semicircle
only.
Another modification consists in constituting the cock or valve with a seginental
plug made of steel, cast iron, or brass, in the form of a ring provided with two
lateral projections guided in corresponding recesses formed in the sides of the valve
chamber.
This ring is held between cross bars which take into recesses in the ring on one
side and engage with the slit or opening on the other side.
A screwed rod bearing upon a pivot at one end and worked by a hand wheel at
the opposite end it passed through screwed bosses formed on the two cross bars.
By turning the screw in one direction or the other the segmental plug may be
raised in order to open the valve or lowered in order to shut it.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Thomas Morgan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 5th August
1882.
THOMAS MORGAN of 21 Cockspur Street Charing Cross in the County of
Middlesex, Secretary of the Inventors Patentright Association Limited. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN COCKS OR VALVES." (A communication from abroad by La Société
Anonyme de produits Chimiques (Etablissement Maletra) of Paris in the Republic
of France.)
This Invention relates to cocks or valves and has for its object an improved
system of construction which is distinguished by the peculiar form of the plug as
hereinafter described. The plug of these improved cocks or valves is constituted
by a ring or segment split vertically or in the direction of its axis in a plane
perpendicular to the line of the ports, in order to enable the fluid under pressure to
enter the interior of the plug and press it against its seat or socket so as to make
a perfectly fluid tight fit or joint when the cock or valve is closed.-For this
purpose when closing the valve the plug is turned so as to bring the split side
(which presents a narrow opening) exactly opposite the pipe or passage through
which the water, steam or other fluid is supplied. This segmental plug is
worked by a special mode of adjustment which leaves it perfectly free or
independent.
The construction and working of this system will be clearly understood by the
following description reference being had to the accompanying Drawings in which
it is shown in several views.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section.
Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken through the axis of the two pipes.
Fig. 3 is a section of the plug shown detached, taken along the line M N Fig. 2.
Fig. 4, is a section of the plug taken along the line P Q of the same Fig. 2.
The plug B which is constituted by a hollow cylinder or segment of steel split
or divided vertically at a a and perforated by two ports bb arranged exactly
opposite each other, works in a socket or chainber A completely closed at the lower
part. The segmental plug B is recessed at its upper part for the reception of a
steel or iron cross bar c upon which a key C is fitted by means of a suitable
recess d in the lower part of the key the said key being provided with a projecting
stem or rod terminating in a square end e. This key is guided and supported in
a cap D of brass or cast iron screwed or bolted to the body of the valve chamber
or socket A.-The cross bar c may be dispensed with and in its stead three or
four cross arms may be substituted.-When the segmental plug B is in the position
shown in Figs 1 and 2 the ports b b are opposite the passages E E' and the valve
is open. In order to close it, the segmental plug is rotated so as to bring the split
side or opening a a opposite the passage E through which the steam gas or liquid
is delivered under pressure.-This fluid then enters the interior of the segmental
plug and presses it against the sides of the chamber thus automatically preventing
leakage. The opening a in the split side of the segmental plug may be of any
convenient width and the plug may even be made of such a form as to occupy a
small fraction only of the internal space in the chamber but it is indispensable that
it should be elastic and be capable of closing all the openings in the sides of the
chamber. The segmental plug may be caused to partake of a vertical motion
instead of a rotary motion. This arrangement is in vertical section in Fig. 5 in an
external view in Fig. 6 and in horizontal section along the liue A B in Fig. 7.
The valve chamber A is bored out cylindrically in a vertical direction to receive

page_text: and guide a segmental plug B which is hollowed out as in the preceding arrange-
ment and presents a slit or opening on the side where the steam or fluid enters
under pressure, the said slit or opening being in communication with the interior
of the plug. A screw F supported at the upper and lower part is passed through
the plug and serves to move the latter upwards or downwards, a guide screw g
being provided in the side of the valve chamber in order to prevent the plug from
turning. In the bottom of the chamber a set screw h serves for adjustment.-
A conical shoulder is formed on the screw to prevent leakage.-One extremity of
the screw passing through the plug projects through a cover provided with
lateral lugs P and enables the said screw to be turned by a hand wheel V or
otherwise.
The segmental plug may be made without ports and may occupy for example
the space of a semicircle only as shown in horizontal section in Fig. 8.
Another modification consists in constructing the cock or valve as shown in
vertical and horizontal section in Figs 9 and 10 wherein the segmental plug again
acts in a vertical direction. This segmental plug B made of steel, cast iron, or
brass is in the form of a ring provided with two lateral projections m. m. guided
is in corresponding recesses n. n. formed in the sides of the valve chamber A.-This
ring is held between cross bars o. o. which take into recesses in the ring on one
side and engage with the slit or opening p on the other side.
A screwed rod G bearing upon a pivot H at one end and worked by a hand
wheel I at the opposite end is passed through screwed bosses formed on the two
cross bars.-By turning the screw in one direction or the other the segmental plug
may be raised in order to open the valve or lowered in order to shut it-Theso
valves with segments may be made of any dimensions and of any metal.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed or carried out in
practice-I hereby declare that I claim.—
1st The construction of cocks or valves in which the plug-is-constituted-by-an.
elastic segment perforated by ports for the passage of the fluid and split vertically
in a plane perpendicular to the line of the ports in order that in the shut position
the split part may be opposite the passage by which the liquid gas or steam is
supplied and allow the fluid to penetrate to the interior of the plug.
2nd The modified arrangement of the improved valve in which the split
segmental plug with ports partakes of a vertical motion instead of a rotatory
motion as described with reference to Figs. 5, 6 and 7.
3rd The arrangement of the valve with a segmental plug without ports as
shown in Fig. 8.
4th Arranging the segmental plug in the form of a ring guided in the body of
the cock or valve and held between two cross bars screwed on to the internal
actuating screw as shown in Figs 9 and 10 all substantially as hereinbefore set
forth and described.
In witness whereof I the said Thomas Morgan have bereunto set my hand
and seal this Fourth day of August 1882.