Improvements in Incubators.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 1st June, 1892
Complete Specification Left. 1st Mar., 1993-Accepted, 29th Aor., 1593
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Incubators.
We, EDWARD ASH BALL of 87 Fenchurch Street, in the City of London,
Merchant, and ALFRED RICHARD KNEEBONE, of 38 Lansdowne Road Croydon
in the County of Surrey, Draughtsman, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to improvements in incubators of the kind in which
the incubating or hatching chamber is heated by hot water, and it has for object.
to enable the desired temperature of the said chamber to be maintained practically
constant notwithstanding considerable variations above such temperature, of the hot
water by which the chamber is heated, due to variation in the heating power of
the lamp or other device by which the water is heated, or of the temperature of the
room or place in which the incubator is placed. For this purpose the water
circulating passage through which the hot water flows from a vessel heated by an
oil lamp or other suitable form of heater, is provided with a valve controlled by
a thermostat subject to the heat within the incubating chamber, the arrangement
being such that when the temperature of the said chamber rises above a pre-
determined point the valve will be moved into such a position as to confine the
circulation to a subsidiary chamber. This controlling valve (hereinafter called
for distinction the water valve) may conveniently be worked from a lever arranged
to operate a hot air valve that controls the hot air exit passage with which
incubators of the kind referred to are commonly provided, the arrangement being
such that when the temperature slightly exceeds a predetermined extent, the
thermostat will first act to operate the lever and open the hot air valve, and then
should the temperature continue to rise, the lever will be further moved and cause
or allow the water valve to move into a position in which it will wholly or partly
prevent the entrance of hot water into the hot water circulating passage of the
incubator and allow the hot water to circulate only between the boiler and the
subsidiary chamber in such manuer as to have little or no heating effect on
the incubating chamber. This subsidiary chamber may be provided with a flap or
valve that is caused or allowed to open when the water valve is moved into its
closed position, so that steam if generated can then escape freely from such
chamber.
1
1
1
1000
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Incubators.
We, EDWARD ASH BALL, of 87 Fenchurch Street, in the City of London,
Merchant, and ALFRED RICHARD KNEEBONE, of 38 Lansdowne Road, Croydon,
in the County of Surrey, Draughtsman, do hereby declare the nature of this inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to improvements in incubators of the kind in which
the incubating or hatching chamber is heated by hot water, and it has for object
to enable the desired temperature of the said chamber to be maintained practically
constant, notwithstanding considerable variations above such temperature of the.

page_text: hot water by which the chamber is heated, whether due to variation in the heating
power of the lamp or other device by which the water is heated, or of the tempera-
ture of the room or place in which the incubator is placed. For this purpose the
water circulating passage through which the hot water flows from a vessel heated
by an oil lamp or other suitable form of heater, is provided with a valve controlled
by a thermostat subject to the heat within the incubating chamber, the arrange-
ment being such that when the temperature of the said chamber rises above a
predetermined point the valve will move into such a position as to confine the
circulation to a subsidiary chamber. This controlling valve (hereinafter called for
distinction the water valve) may conveniently be worked from a lever arranged to
operate a hot air valve that controls the hot air exit passage with which incubators
of the kind referred to are commonly provided.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section showing the upper part of an incubator constructed
according to this invention, and
Fig. 2 is an end elevation corresponding with Fig. 1 the parts to the right of the
line xx Fig. 1 being removed.
Fig. 3 is a detail view hereinafter referred to.
A is the upper outer part of the incubator, which may be constructed, as shown,
of two metal casings the space between which is filled with a substance such as wool
that is a bad conductor of heat. The water circulating passage, which is arranged
in the upper part of this incubator above the incubating chamber A', is formed of a
sheet metal casing B provided with a horizontal division B₁ and a vertical
partition C whereby the said passage is separated from a chamber D which
constitutes the subsidiary chamber herein before referred to. In the partition C
are formed apertures C1 C2, the former, through which the water enters the
circulating passage as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 1, being situated immediately
above the division B', while the latter is situated near the bottom of the casing for
the outflow of the water. At the left hand end of the division B₁ is a space B2 that
permits of circulation of the water between the upper and lower parts of the
circulating passage. E is the heater which in the example shown is in the form of
an annular conical vessel with a water space between its walls, and is adapted to be
heated by an oil lamp or other convenient source of heat placed directly below or
within it. Two circulation pipes F and F¹ serve to connect the heater E with
the subsidiary chamber D. The upper of these pipes extends across the subsidiary
chamber almost to the partition C and has its outlet opposite the aperture C
The lower pipe is connected with the interior of the subsidiary chamber near the
bottom thereof. G is the water valve which consists of a vertically movable slide
working in guides G G on the face of the partition C and having a port or
opening G² of elongated form. H is a lever from which the said water valve is
operated, being suspended therefrom by a chain G³. This lever is itself operated
by a thermostat through the medium of a connecting rod I formed with a screw
thread fitted with an adjusting nut I' by which the apparatus can be regulated to
work for different degrees of temperature. The thermostat may be of any suitable
construction. In the example shown it consists (see Figs. 1 and 3) of a closed spiral
brass tube I of flattened form in cross section and filled with fluid. It is secured
at one end to a plate I³ fixed to the inner wall of the incubating chamber, and at
the other end to a lever arm I that is pivoted at one end to a pin I' extending from
the plate I³ and at the other end to the rod I, the arrangement being such that
upon the temperature of the incubating chamber rising and falling the tube will
expand and contract, and through the lever arm 1' impart motion to the rod I for
the purpose hereinbefore mentioned.
Jis the valve which controls the heated air exit passage K. This valve is
secured to the lever H at the opposite end to the water valve G so that it is raised
and opened when the said water valve is lowered, and vice versa. The left of the
water valve and the length of the slot G are, as shown, so proportioned that the
apertures C and C2 will not begin to be closed until the lever is turned through

page_text: about half its angular movement. The arrangement is such that when the tempera-
ture within the incubating chamber A' slightly exceeds the predetermined degree,
the thermostat will first act to operate the lever H and open the hot air valve J,
and then should the temperature continue to rise, the lever will be further moved
and cause or allow the water valve to assume a position, as indicated in dotted lines,
in which it will wholly, or partly, prevent the entrance of hot water into the hot
water circulating passage of the incubator and allow the hot water to circulate only
between the boiler E and the subsidiary chamber D in such manner as to have little
or no heating effect on the incubating chamber. This subsidiary chamber D is, or
may be, provided with a flap or valve L connected by a chain with the lever H
and balanced at L' so that it will open when the water valve is moved into its
closed position, and permit any steam generated in the said chamber D to escape
freely from such chamber.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is:-
1. An incubator of the kind herein referred to in which the hot water circulating
passage is in direct communication with a subsidiary chamber and water heater by
openings controlled by a vertically movable slide or valve subject to the action of
a thermostat located within the incubating chamber, the arrangement being such
that when the temperature of the said chamber rises above a predetermined degree,
the valve will close the said openings and confine the circulation of the hot water
to the subsidiary chamber and heater substantially as described.
2. An incubator of the kind referred to in the preceding claim in which the
water controlling valve is connected to a lever that is also connected with a valve
which controls the exit of hot air from the incubating chamber the arrangement
being such that when the temperature of such chamber exceeds the required
degree, the thermostat will actuate the said lever so as to first open the hot air
valve and then should the temperature continue to rise will further actuate the said
lever and cause or allow the water controlling valve to move into a position in
which it will partly or wholly prevent the entrance of hot water to the said passage
and allow it to circulate only between the boiler and the subsidiary chamber
substantially as described and shown.
3. An incubator having a water circulating passage, controlling valves, thermostat
and heating apparatus, arranged and operating as described with reference to the
accompanying drawings.
...
حيمد
י
Th 1
1000
EDWARD A. BALL.
ALFRED R. KNEEBONE.
W. Lloyd Wise,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.