AN IMPROVED STOVE AND APPA- RATUS FOR HEATING AIR FOR BLAST PURPOSES
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Sheppard, of Maesteg Iron Works,
near Bridgend, in the County of Glamorgan, Ironmaster and
Engineer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED STOVE AND APPA-
RATUS FOR HEATING AIR FOR BLAST PURPOSES."
Sealed the 2nd August 1853, and dated the 16th February 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Sheppard'
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 16th February 1853.
I, CHARLES SHEPPARD, of. Maesteg Iron Works, near Bridgend, in-
the County of Glamorgan, Ironmaster and Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED STOVE AND
APPARATUS FOR HEATING AIR FOR BLAST PURPOSES" to be as follows:-
. The stove consists of two or more rows of large pipes A, A, with
,smaller ones B, B, inside, leaving a space C, C, between the outside
of the inner pipes and the inside of the outer ones. On the inner
pipe is cast a spiral or screw D, D, which assists in causing the

page_text: air to be uniformly heated, and raised to a high temperature. The
air passes in at or near the top of one of the pipes by the pipes
E, E, and passes down it, and enters the adjoining one at or near
the bottom, and passes up. it and out to the furnace; the same
takes place with the rest of the pipes.
The annexed Dressing is a sectional representation of this stove
SPECIFICATION, in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, filed by the said Charles Sheppard in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 16th August 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,,
CHARLES SHEPPARD, of Maesteg Iron Works, near Bridgend, in the
County of Glamorgan, Ironmaster and Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of February,. in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three,
in the sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Charles Sheppard, Her
special licence that I, the said Charles Sheppard, my executors, ad-
ministrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles
Sheppard, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "AN IMPROVED STOVE AND APPARATUS FOR HEATING AIR
FOR BLAST PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others). that I,.
the said Charles Sheppard, by an instrument in writing under my.
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature.
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date.
of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Sheppard, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer
tained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being
had to the Drawings annexed, that is to say:
The ordinary mode of heating air for blast purposes, such as the
smelting of iron, iron ore, and other metals and minerals, is, by
passing it through single pipes heated exteriorly, an arrangement
which is not found in practice to answer the purpose so effectually
as is desirable. Now my Invention consists in constructing stoves
and apparatus for heating air for the purposes aforesaid in such
manner that the air shall be caused to traverse annular spaces bé-
tween two or more pipes, to which heat is applied both exteriorly
and interiorly, whereby the air is heated more rapidly, and conse-
quently with a less expenditure of fuel in obtaining a given tem-
perature. In the construction of stoves and apparatus according to
my Invention I employ two or more pipes, placed one within the
other, their diameters being such as to leave a vacant space between
them; and I cause the flame and products of combustion from the
fire to pass up the interior of the inner pipe, while the exterior of
the outer pipe is also exposed to the direct heat of the fire, so that
the air, in passing through the space between the pipes thus heated,
becomes heated also. The dimensions of the pipes may vary, but I
have found two pipes of five inches and ten and a half inches
diameter respectively to answer the purpose very efficiently. This
leaves a clear space of two inches between the pipes. In order still
further to increase the heating surface a spiral flange or rib may be
cast on the exterior of the inner pipe. These arrangements effect
a great saving in the fuel required for heating the air, and enable
a more powerful and uniform heat to be obtained, with less liability
to leakage than at present exists, while the first cost of construction
is reduced, and the expense for repairs rendered of much less amount
than is usual.
Figure 1, of the Drawings annexed is a vertical section, and
Figure 2, a plan of a stove and apparatus for heating air according

page_text: to my Invention. A, A, are the exterior walls; B, B, the fire-
places, divided from each other by the brick walls C, C; D, D, are
wall plates on the walls C, C, in which the lower ends of the heating
pipes E, E, and G, G, are supported and made air-tight by a luting
of fire-clay or cement. The heating pipes are placed vertically in
two rows of six (or more) in a row, and the alternate ones of each
row communicate with the blast pipe of the blowing engine by the
pipes H, H, through which the cold air is introduced to the spaces
I, I, between the pipes. The outer pipes G, G, are cast two together;
and these two communicate by an aperture Z, through which the
air passes from one to the other, as shewn in the detached sectional
plan and elevation, Figures 3, and 4. F, F, are spiral flanges cast
on the exterior of the inner pipes E, E, for increasing their heating
surface; K, K, is the hot air pipe leading to the blast furnace or
furnaces, and communicating with the air spaces I, I, of the other
alternate heating pipes by branch pipes k, k; L, L, are fire brick
coverings to the fire-places, above which are placed layers of sand or
ashes to retain the heat as much as possible. The heat from the
fire-places acts directly on the exterior of the pipes G, G, and also
on the interior of the pipes E, E. The air enters the spaces I, I, of
the alternate pipes, and being heated in traversing them passes into
the air spaces of the next adjoining pipes, and thence to the hot air
pipe K, K, through the branch pipes k, k. The hot air pipe K, K,
communicates with the blast furnace in the usual way.
arranging the heating pipes in two rows, they might all be placed in
one row, the cold air being caused to enter the alternate pipes, and
to pass to the next adjoining ones, and from thence to the hot air
pipe. The shape of the pipes may also be varied, and they may be
used without the flanges F, F, or these flanges may be cast inside
the outer pipes, instead of exterior to the inner ones, as shewn.
Other variations may also be made so long as the distinguishing
feature of my Invention above mentioned is retained.
Instead of
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is, the construction of stoves and apparatus for heating air for

page_text: blast purposes in such manner that the air shall be heated by passing
between concentric pipes or surfaces similarly arranged, having
heat applied thereto on the exterior and interior, so as to act on the
air passing between them from both sides simultaneously. And I
also claim the application of a spiral or other flange or rib to the
inner pipe or similar surface for the purpose of increasing the
heating surface, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Sheppard, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of August, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
Witness,
W. H. BUCKLAND,
CHARLES SHEPPARD. (L.S.)
Maesteg Iron Works, Ironmaster.