IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1885

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I, EDWARD SELDEN TOWNSEND KENNEDY, of the City and State of New
York, United States of America, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS" and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
The object of this invention is to provide certain new and useful improvements
in steam boilers designed for stationary, marine or locomotive purposes.
Reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a
vertical sectional elevation of the boiler with my improved device in place.
Figure 2 is a sectional plan of the same, on line x, x, Figure 1 with parts
removed.
Figure 3 is a sectional plan showing a slight change of construction of the samė,
on line x, x, Figure 1.
Figure 4, is a vertical sectional elevation of a modification of my improved boiler,
with parts broken away to exhibit other parts.
Figure 5 is a plan view of the same with parts broken away to exhibit other
parts.
•
In the drawings A represents the upright boiler cylinder provided with man-
holes a, a.
B represents the feed water pipe and B¹ the blow-off pipe and cock.
From about on a level with the roof of the fire box C, nearly to the water line b
of the boiler the space within the boiler-enclosing jacket or shell D is filled with
series of tubes E, closed at their outer ends and radiating from the cylinder A. in
successive planes one above the other, the tubes and spaces of the several series
alternating with each other, as indicated.
From the steam chamber A¹, of the boiler, other series of tubes F closed at their
outer ends, radiate in successive planes one above the other.
The steam-delivery pipe G is fixed with its vertical leg in the longitudinal axis
of the steam chamber, and with its horizontal leg extending out through a side
of the steam chamber, its end within said chamber being closed as shown at c
Figure 1.

page_text: From the vertical leg of this steam pipe G a series of open-ended tubes H radiate
in successive planes and enter the tube F from the steam chamber A¹ and the
steam passes into the tubes H, and thence into the steam pipe G before escaping
from the boiler.
By this arrangement it will be seen that the steam, before escaping, is subdivided
into many distinct and individual columns or jets that are separately exposed in
the tubes F to the heat of its products of combustion as they pass up through the
hot air chamber from the fire box C.
These tubes F, H, may be indefinitely multiplied, and may be arranged in com-
bination with the steam-delivery pipe, to apply to boiler steam chambers of other
forms of construction than that herein shown, the purpose being to apply them in
sufficient numbers and of sufficient dimensions to enable the steam to absorb and
thereby to make use of a very considerable portion of the heat that, otherwise,
would escape up the smoke-stack.
An especial improvement is to construct the jacket or shell D of two concentric
iron cylinders with space between them for water and steam, said cylinders being
held apart by and secured to top and bottom closing rings m, while frames o, are
fixed between the said cylinders about the fire and other doors, as indicated in
Figure 1.
The water jacket D is also strengthened with stay-bolts p as indicated in Figures 2
and 3, and is connected at the top with the boiler cylinder A by water tubes S, and
at the bottom by tubes S¹ as shown.
These tubes S S¹, are preferably slightly bent or curved, as shown at v, so that
they may yield to contraction and expansion caused by changes of temperature
without becoming injuriously strained at their joints.
g
Instead of making this shell or jacket of two complete cylinders I sometimes
construct them in vertical sections, as shown in Figure 3, wherein D1, D2, D³
and D, respectively, are four jacket sections with vertical interior edge ribs and
vertical outer edge angle-iron flanges properly secured in place. These jacket
sections are then secured together by bolts w through their flanges or in any other
suitable manner, and tubes S S¹, connect them with the boiler cylinder.
This jacket may be made cylindrical, or of any other shape as desired, and may
be made to enclose one or more boilers of this type, whether for stationary marine
or locomotive purposes.
The modifications shown in Figures 4 and 5 consists in combining with the
parts hereinbefore shown and described a series of water tubes Z opening into
the water space of the jacket D and having their free ends closed and converging
toward the boiler cylinder A in the interspaces of the series of tubes Ę.
By the addition of these tubes Z much greater water-heating surface is secured
within a boiler shell of a given size.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I déclare that what
I claim is
First. The combination with a boiler constructed substantially as herein
specified, with water and steam tubes radiating from a central cylinder, of a
water jacket or shell, as D, set about the boiler and connected therewith by water
and steam tubes as S, S¹, substantially as shown and described.
Second. The combination with a boiler constructed with water and steam tubes
radiating from a central cylinder, as set forth, of a water jacket set about the boiler
and connected therewith by bent water and steam tubes, substantially as herein
shown and described, said connecting tubes being bent that they may expand and
contract without injury to their joints, as set forth.
Third. The combination with a boiler constructed substantially as herein shown
and described, of a sectional water jacket set about the boiler and connected there-
with by water and steam tubes, substantially as set forth.

page_text: Fourth. The combination with water and steam tubes radiating from a central
boiler cylinder, and a water jacket set about the boiler and connected therewith by
water and steam tubes, as set forth, of series of water tubes opening into the water
space of the jacket and converging toward the cylinder of the boiler, substantially
as herein shown and described.