The Construction of Air Tyres and the Mode of Fixing same on the Rims of Bicycle and other Wheels.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Nov., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 23rd May, 1894-Accepted, 23rd June, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
The Construction of Air Tyres and the Mode of Fixing same on the
Rims of Bicycle and other Wheels.
FRANCIS GEORGE PRESTON Cycle Engineer 513 Harrow Road London W.
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In the construction of tyre I take a canvas band in one edge place a ring of wire
by turning canvas down and fixing same. On the other edge of canvas I place a
ring of strong cord by turning canvas down and fixing same this forming a
continuous band of canvas with wire on one edge and cord on the other. I then
take the corded edge of canvas to the edge of rim and fix same as shewn in
drawing a. The rubber bladder is then put in rim and the wired edge of canvas
put inside corded edge then by inflating bladder the wired edge is brought up to
corded edge and fixes same as shewn in drawing b. By this means the tyre can be
fixed in an ordinary crescent or hollow rim and then covered with rubber or other
material.
Dated this 6th day of November 1893.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
The Construction of Air Tyres and the Mode of Fixing same on the
Rims of Bicycle and other Wheels.
1 FRANCIS GEORGE PRESTON of No. 513 Harrow Road, Queen's Park in the
County of London, Cycle Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
In the construction of tyre, I take a canvas band in one edge place a ring of wire
by turning canvas down and fixing same. On the other edge of canvas I place a
ring of strong cord by turning down and fixing same, this forming a continuous
band of canvas with wire in one edge and cord in the other.
I then take the corded edge of canvas to the edge of rim and fix same as shewn
in Figure 1.
The rubber bladder is then put in rim, and the wired edge of canvas put inside
corded edge then by inflating bladder, the wired edge is brought up to corded
edge, and fixed as shewn in Figure 2. By this means the tyre can be fixed
on an ordinary crescent, or hollow rim, and then covered with rubber or other
inaterial.
It will be seen that my invention consists substantially of a pneumatic tyre the
casing of which immediately surrounding and enclosing the bladder, is formed by a
band of canvas, or other suitable material, having one side attached to a metallic
wire ring, and the other side attached to a ring of cord, or folded or rolled on
itself, so as to form a ridge having a more or less soft or yielding character.
Upon the deflated bladder being placed in position, on the rim of the wheel,
with the canvas, or other band covering it in the manner hereinafter described, the
distension of the bladder consequent upon its inflation, causes the edge of the band
which contains the metallic wire ring, to press firmly against the other edge of the
canvas band which contains the cord or which is folded or rolled on itself in such

page_text: tyre to assume its proper form.
45 Cure the bladder being supported, and at the same time to cause the
To enable my invention to be more fully understood I will describe the same by
reference to the accompanying sheets of drawings in which :-
:-
Figure 1 is a transverse section of a cover, or casing opened out.
Figure 2 is a transverse section of the same, closed, and in working position.
Figures 3. and 4. are transverse sections of wheels, and tyres, shewing the method
of placing these covers in position.
Figure 5. is a transverse section in which the wired edge is of equal diameter to
the other edge.
Figure 6 is an elevation of part of a rim and tyre.
Figures 7. 8. 9. and 10. are modified forms of covers or casings.
Figures 1 and 2 shew views of a rim, with a cover both open and closed in which
the wire ring in one edge of the band or casing is (when adjusted in position as
shewn in Figure 2) of slightly smaller diameter, than the corded edge. A is a
band of canvas or other suitable more or less flexible material, having one edge a¹
turned over a metallic wire a and either sewn or otherwise firmly attached thereto.
The other edge a³ of the band, is turned over a flexible cord a' and either sewn or
otherwise firmly attached thereto. The side of the band to which the cord a² is
attached is in some cases cemented or otherwise fastened to the, rim D. The
deflated bladder B being placed in position while the band or cover A is disposed
as shewn in Figure 1. that edge a¹ of the band which is wired, is then turned over,
enclosing the bladder, and when it has assumed the position shewn in Figure 2 the
bladder is inflated and its consequent distention presses the wired edge al of the
band or cover against the corded edge a'."
Figures 3 and 4 illustrate plainly the mode of placing and adjusting the cover
over the bladder and rim. Assuming the band to be in the position shewn in
Figure 1. the deflated bladder is placed on the band in the outer face of the rim D
and the wire ring a and its attached edge a' turned over until it assumes approxi-
mately the position shewn in Figure 3. The ring of wire a being of slightly less
diameter than the largest diameter of the rim D it is then necessary to place one
part of the wire ring a in the hollow of the rim as shewn in Figure 4., when the
other part of the wire ring can be passed over the edge d of the rim D, into the
position shewn in Figure 2. The bladder is then inflated, and the tyre is fit
for use.
In
Figure 5. is a transverse section of a tyre, in which the corded edge is omitted,
and the edge of the cover which contains the wire, is of a diameter equal to or
larger than the edge a³ which is cemented or otherwise attached to the rim.
this and the following figures (5 and 6) an outer casing or cover C is shewn.
Figure 6 is a side view of part of a rim and tyre in which the wire is not an
endless ring, but the ends are brought over, and across each other, passed through
holes in the rim, and secured by small nuts a' or other equivalent devices.
Figure 7. shews one edge of the cover or casing A having the wire a woven into
the edge a of the canvas or other material. The cord a may likewise be woven
into the other edge a' in like manner.
Figure 8 is a transverse section of a cover, which is composed of double material,
with the wire a and cord a' held in the folds at the edges a¹ and a³.
Figure 9. shews one edge a³ of the cover rolled upon itself instead of corded.
Figure 10. shews one edge a³ of the cover folded upon itself and sewn to form a
ridge which serves the same purpose as the cord a².
E
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
: : U
1. In a pneumatic tyre the combination of an interior bladder with a casing or
cover for the same such casing or cover having one edge wired, and the other edge
corded or folded on itself substantially as described.

page_text: 2. In a pneumatic tyre the combination of an interior bladder, a casing or cover.
for the same, having one edge wired, and the other edge corded or folded, on itself,
and an outside cover or tread substantially as described.
3. A casing or cover for the bladder of a pneumatic tyre such casing or cover
having one edge wired and the other edge corded or folded on itself substantially
as described.
1 1
WILLIAM J. MUNDEN,
Consulting Engineer,
Agent for the Applicant.