Improvements in and connected with Boiling Apparatus for Washing and Laundry Purposes.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Apr., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 1st July, 1891-Accepted, 18th Apr., 1891
PROVISIONAL
SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Boiling Apparatus for Washing
and Laundry Purposes.
I, SUSAN ARABELLA MACKIE, Gentlewoman, of 27, Chancery Lane, London,
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows
My invention consists in forming a double boiler with an interspace between the
outer and inner shells so that the water under the pressure of the steam generated
being in a manner directed by rings or circular prominences or indentations either
in the outer or inner shells will be forced up the interspace and will jet through
orifices at the upper portion of the inner shell back into the boiler. In this way a
constant circulation of the water is maintained whereby clothes, linen and other
articles materials or goods may be cleansed and operations of a similar nature
performed.
The boilers to which this invention primarily applies are of the hemispherical
type. In these the action of the steam in circulating the water above referred to
can be also set up my means of an independent and detachable double bottom fitting
into an orifice made in and extending over a considerable part of the base of the
inner shell. In the centre of this detachable double bottom there is a funnel or
other conveniently shaped guarded orifice for the descent of the water and between
the outside of this funnel shaped or guarded orifice and the external rim or flange
of the detachable central double bottom the steam pressure acts on the water to
force it up the interspace between the shells. Boilers of oval, cylindrical square or
any form can be fitted in similar manner for the like or other purposes and one or
more segments of the double boiler can be inserted in an ordinary boiler or house-
hold "
copper or other boiler and made to perform the like circulation of the water
in the same.
A series of pipes or tubes might be used in the place of the interspace
between the inner and outer shell of the boiler.
"
Dated this Eighteenth day of April 1890.
SUSAN ARABELLA MACKIE.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Boiling Apparatus for Washing
and Laundry Purposes.
I, SUSAN ARABELLA MACKIE, of 27, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentlewoman, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention consists in forming a double boiler with an interspace between the
outer and inner shells so that the water or other fluid under the pressure of the
steam or vapour generated being in a manner directed by rings or circular
prominences or indentations either in the outer or inner shells will be forced up the
interspace and will jet through orifices at the upper portion of the inner shell back
into the boiler. In this way a constant circulation of the water is maintained
whereby clothes, linen and other articles materials or goods may be cleansed and
operations of a similar nature performed.
The boilers to which this invention primarily applies are of the hemispherical

page_text: :
type but it can be used with any other kind of boiler. The invention can be
entirely executed in the complete internal vessel or inner shell: or the steam-ring
and water funnel can be made separate attached to a cover or plate fitting an
orifice in the bottom of the inner shell.
In the centre of the base of the inner shell or of the removable cover to an orifice
in the bottom of the same there is a funnel or other conveniently shaped orifice for
the descent of the water from the inner to the outer shell. Around this funnel on
the under-side of the inner shell, or of the cover which closes it, there is a ring or
circular flange enclosing as much area as may be desirable for holding steam or
vapour generated by the boiling in the outer shell or boiler.
The steam or vapour arrested in this area by its pressure forces the hot water up
the interspace between the two shells, and through the orifices at the upper part of
the inner shell. The inner shell is preferably made plain and entire but it may
be made of corrugated metal, divided by partitions, or in segments. The inner shell
with its steam-ring and water funnel can be fitted to any existing household or other
ordinary boiler or copper and made to perform therein the washing and cleansing
operation referred to.
In the drawings in Plates I and II annexed the modes in which I prefer to carry
out my invention are described and illustrated.
a
In Plate I, Figure 1. A is the furnace B the boiler with its flange (6) resting on
the furnace top (a¹). C is the internal pot or inner shell resting by its flange (c¹)
upon the boiler flange (61) or outer shell. The sides of the inner shell (e²) enclose
the water and contents of the inner pot or shell. The bottom of the pot in this
case is curved inwards to a circular ledge (e³)-the cavity being covered over by
cover or plate (c) of which the central portion is prolonged downwards into the
funnel (c) by which the water descends at D from the inner shell C to the outer
shell or boiler B. Attached to the underside of this cover or plate the circular
steam ring or flange is shown at (c) the steam chamber S being formed in the space
between cand c². H H is the boiling water which by the steam or vapour pressure
at S is forced to ascend the interspace between the inner shell (c) and the outer
shell () and is ejected through the orifices () in the upper part of the inner pot
or shell C on to the top of its contents-the water-line being indicated by the dotted
line G. In this way a constant circulation of the water is maintained as indicated
by the arrows (→) the cooler water descending at D and the hot water spurting out
at the jets (J). In this way a thorough saturation washing and cleansing of the
clothes or materials is performed. A handle (e') is put to the cover (c) for the
purpose of lifting it for the baling out of the dirty or used water after the washing
operation is finished. A syphon may be employed for this purpose. The pot or
inner shell in this Figure 1 is represented as made of rolled zinc in order to prevent
iron-moulding.
:
Figure 2. is a section of the inner-shell cover or plate as above showing the
funnel and steam-ring attached to its under side.
Fig. 3 is a plan of the same: D being the cavity of the funnel and c the steam
ring or flange.
Fig. 4. shows a joint made by an angle zinc between the zinc inner shell C and
the outer shell or boiler B.
The furnace is indicated by the bar E and the fire therein at F in Figure 1: and
in all the figures the same parts are indicated by the same letters as in Figure 1.
In Plate II Figure 5 is the simplest form of one vessel inside another both in
this case being represented as being made of galvanized iron.
Here A is a section of a portable furnace: B the boiler or outer shell: C the
inner pot or shell with the funnel and the steam ring or flange (c) cast on it:
the joint at top being made by the rounded border cresting firmly against the
boiler sides 62, 62. The jets are shown at J issuing from the orifices K. In this
example eight jets are employed but any number of jets may be employed as most
convenient or desirable. The joint of the two vessels in this case is shown as made

page_text: by a rounded border (c)-the inner pot or shell being thus slipped into the outer
shell or boiler. If the pot were made of zinc the sheet zinc could be bent over to
form this rounded border.
A fixed or tight joint is not necessary as the apparatus will work properly with a
loose joint. In this Figure 5 the end of the funnel and the outer edges of the steam
flanges (and c) are shown resting on the bottom of the outer shell or boiler B
the escape of water from them being through semicircular crenulations as at p p p
Fig. 9. Any other form of crenulation or perforations may be similarly employed.
Or the funnel and steam-ring may be cast plain and kept at a distance from the
boiler B. as in Figure 1. The perforated funnel is shown in Fig. 7 and the
perforated steam-ring in Fig. 8.
Figure 6 shows the base of an inner pot or shell C made of zinc with the
funnel () and steam-flange (c) attached to the under side of its bottom and resting
upon the boiler or outer shell B the circulation of the water being provided for by
the perforations at m m m, crenulations as in Fig. 9: or open water spaces as in
Figure 1 can be used. In this case the whole of the inner pot being light can be
lifted out for emptying and drying the outer boiler. Perforated cover (n).
Figure 7 shows the circular plate with central funnel (es) and steam flange (c)
attached made independently of the inner shell C the cavity in the base of C being
closed by the shell resting upon it. In this case the steam ring is shown with
perforations (m) or with crenulations as at p Fig. 9 resting on the boiler or outer
shell B. The funnel having a water-space beneath it.
A water bath (or sand bath) is shown at Z intended for such operations in which
the ingredients treated should not come in contact with overheated surfaces.
Figure 10. shows a zinc pot C with rounded border (e) making joint with an
angle zinc (c) resting on the flange of an iron boiler (¹).
Figure 11 is a horizontal section showing a corrugated internal shell Q with
passages for the up-flow of the hot water at P.
Figure 12. shows the outer and inner shells (B and C) combined together in one
entire vessel and provided with a lid or cover R.
:
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
(1) The adaptation of an internal pot or vessel to an outer one by either a fixed
or loose or open joint thus forming a double boiler with an interspace between the
outer and inner shells so that the hot water under the pressure of the steam
generated and caught in the chamber formed between the central funnel and the
ring or circular prominence on the inner shell (or connected with or attached
thereto) is forced up the interspace and jets through orifices in the upper portion
of the inner shell and falls back through the central funnel at the bottom thereof
into the outer shell whereby a constant circulation is maintained for the washing
and cleansing of clothes linen and other articles and materials substantially as
described.
(2) The application of such internal pot or vessel with its steam and water
circulating apparatus to ordinary household boilers, laundry and other such plant.
(3) The particular combination of steam-ring and funnel substantially as herein
specified and its application to any vessel of any form and of any suitable material
as and for the purposes herein-before mentioned.
Dated this 30th day of June 1890.
SUSAN ARABELLA MACKIE.