Improved Process and Means for Dyeing Wood.
Year: 1893

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Process and Means for Dyeing Wood.
A communication to me from PAUL JAEGER, of Esslingen, in the Empire of
Germany, Merchant.
I, EDMUND EDWARDS, of the firm of Edwards and Co., Patent Agents and
Engineers, of 35, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, that is to say :-
This invention relates to an improved process for dyeing wood. The wood to be
treated is cut into planks of suitable size and thickness and is piled in layers,
having saw-dust prepared as hereinafter described, laid between thein, in a suitable
steaming chamber.
In a vertical direction small passages or narrow slits are left between the planks
in order that the condensed water may run off freely.
For facilitating the passage of the steam between and round the planks, laths or
bars are placed at right angles upon the planks after every tenth layer or so.
The intervals between these cross bars are filled up with saw-dust in such a
manner that the latter projects above the said cross bars, whereby a little com-
pression of the saw-dust will be effected when the next layer of planks is placed
upon it.
After this the wood and the prepared saw dust are exposed to the action of
steam, not under pressure, for from 10 to 14 days as may be required, during which
time the materials mixed with the saw dust as hereinafter described are dissolved
and absorbed by the wood.
At the commencement of the process, the steam must be admitted only in small
quantity, which is increased by degrees so that after two days the full current
required is admitted.
The temperature in the interior of the chamber should amount to 140° F., at
latest the third day, but not exceed 185° F.
This slow increase in the quantity of steam admitted is necessary in order to
prevent the wood from being split by a too quick and irregular warming or
heating.
For the same reason it is also advisable to introduce the steam into the chamber
by means of a tube having openings or slots at its sides only, so that the hot steam
cannot strike directly against the planks.
The prepared saw-dust used as described contains colouring matters and chemicals
pulverized and mechanically mixed with it. The composition and quality of the
said colouring matters and chemicals are varied according to the species of wood
used, and to the colour to be obtained. 200 parts of saw-dust will generally
contain about 30-60 parts of the said other materials.
The following matters and chemicals are the most appropriate for the purpose
required:
a) Umber, logwood or campeachy wood, yellow wood, cassel brown, bone black,
nurinte of aniline, dragons blood, eocene, iron filings.
b) Chromate of potash, carbonate of potash, alum, carbonate of soda, sulphate of
copper, sulphate of iron, capric chloride.
As an illustration of the method in which the invention is put in operation, the
following is a description of the method of employing the improved process for the
treatment of birch wood.
To prepare one cubic metre of birch wood to obtain a beautiful medium brownish
colour, 7-10 kilogrammes of chemicals are required.

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Jan.; 1893
Complete Specification Left, 18th Apr., 1893-Accepted, 20th May, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Process and Means for Dyeing Wood.
A communication to me from PAUL JAEGER, of Esslingen, in the Empire of
Germany, Merchant.
I, EDMUND EDWARDS, of the firm of Edwards and Co., Patent Agents and
Engineers, of 35, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:-
This invention relates to an improved process for dyeing wood. The wood to
be treated is cut into planks of suitable size and thickness and is piled in layers,
having saw-dust prepared as hereinafter described, laid between them, in a suitable
steaming chamber. In a vertical direction small passages or narrow slits are left
between the planks in order that the condensed water may run off freely.
80.
For facilitating the passage of the steam between and round the planks, laths
or bars are placed at right angles upon the planks after every tenth layer or
The intervals between these cross bars are filled up with saw dust in such
a manner that the latter projects above the said cross bars, whereby a little
compression of the saw dust will be effected when the next layer of planks is
placed upon it.
:
After this the wood and the prepared saw dust are exposed to the action of
steam, not under pressure, for from 10 to 14 days as may be required, during
which time the materials mixed with the saw dust as hereinafter described are
dissolved and absorbed by the wood.
At the commencement of the process, the steam must be admitted only in small
quantity, which is increased by degrees so that after two days the full current
required is admitted.
The temperature in the interior of the chamber should amount to 140° F. at
latest the third day, but not exceed 185° F.
This slow increase in the quantity of steam admitted is necessary in order to
prevent the wood from being split by a too quick and irregular warming or
heating. For the same reason it is also advisable to introduce the steam into
the chamber by means of a tube having openings or slots at its sides only, so
that the hot steam cannot strike directly against the planks.
The prepared saw-dust used as described contains colouring matters and
chemicals pulverized and mechanically mixed with it. The composition and
quality of the said colouring matters and chemicals are varied according to the
species of wood used, and to the colour to be obtained. 200 parts of saw dust
will generally contain about 30-60 parts of the said other materials.
The following colouring matters and chemicals are the most appropriate for the
purpose required:
a) Umber, log-wood or campeachy wood, yellow wood, cassel brown, bone black,
muriate of aniline, dragons blood, eocene, iron filings.
b) Chromate of potash, carbonate of potash, alum, carbonate of soda, sulphate
of copper, sulphate of iron, cupric chloride.
Dated this 19th day of January 1893.
EDWARDS & Co.,
35, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: After these five ingredients have been well mixed together about times, tne
quantity of coarse saw-dust is mixed with them and applied in the manner above
described.
In order to obtain a lighter or darker shade as may be desired, the logwood chips
are either increased or reduced in proportion to the proportion of calcined soda and
walnut brown proportions given.
For treating beech wood a similar process to that just described for treating
birch wood is used, but it requires double the time.
The following is an effective process for treating firs:-
40 parts walnut brown
25
"
32
logwood chips
calcined soda
"
15
دو
potash
mixed with six times the quantity of saw-dust.
After 12 to 14 days treatment, the wood is taken out of the chamber and at
once replaced, and treated by applying the following chemical mixture.
60 parts walnut brown
30
"
30
15
دو
دو
logwood chips
calcined soda
potash.
In the second time of treatment the chemical mixture is placed upon the side of
the wood, but in both treatments a quantity of about 8 to 10 kilogrammes of the
mixture (each process) will have to be applied to one cubic metre, and the process
will again take about fourteen days.
I do not confine myself to the precise proportions or composition of the materials
used, which may be varied according to the character of the wood to be treated,
and of the result which it is desired to obtain, but
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The improved process and means for dyeing woods, substantially in the manner
and with the materials herein described.
wady yo Cop
WOOY SING
HOOLIGAN ITO TATTO
EDWARDS & Co.,
35, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
ས་
EDWARDS & Co.,
35, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.