An Improved Steam. Boiler.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Mar., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 18th Jan., 1896-Accepted, 19th Mar.. 1896
An Improved Steam. Boiler.
I, OREL DIGHTON ORVIS, of No. 839 Garfield Boulevard, Chicago, County of
Cook, State of Illinois, United States of America, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to that class of. steam boilers in which water tubes are used
for the purpose of promoting circulation, increasing the heating surfaces and
stimulating the generation of steam. Its object is to increase the efficiency of
boilers of this class by means of a novel arrangement of parts so as to bring the
heated vapors, given off from the fuel, directly and continuously into contact with
water surfaces and at the same time to so concentrate the heat immediately after
the vapors leave the fire box as to promote the combustion of the gases and to
consume the smoke.
The invention consists in the use of a pair of water cylinders located immediately
above the burning fuel and near together so that the draught is between them;
water tubes connecting these cylinders with the main portion of the boiler and
crossing the line of draught; flues through the main portion of the boiler with
lateral openings for the induction of the heated vapors and a novel arrangement of
partitions and interior walls for the direction of the draught. It consists in further
parts and arrangement of parts as hereinafter fully set forth.
In the drawings, I show for,
Fig. 1, a central, longitudinal, vertical section of my steam boiler and furnace ;
Fig. 2, is a plan section on the line 2-2 of Figs. 1 and 3;
Fig. 3, is a transverse section on the liue 3-3 of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4, is a similar view on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1.
In setting the boiler I use an ordinary front wall A, side walls A 1, A. 1, and
rear wall A 2.
The major portion of the boiler B, is substantially the upper half of a cylinder,
its lower side having a central longitudinal upward curvature so as to form two
depending lobes, and giving the boiler in cross section the general form of a saddle.
It extends from the front to the rear of the furnace and has a large flue b, longi-
tudinal through each of its lobes.
The grate is shown at C, and presents no novel features. The means for feeding
the furnace being immaterial I have not deemed it necessary to show either the
feeding doors or the ash pit doors. The bridge wall, a 1, is located immediately at
the rear of the grates and still further back is placed a transverse partition a, of
masonry extending to the boiler B, and being without apertures save for the
accommodation of the several parts of the boiler. A pair of steel cylinders B1, B1,
are located above the fire box and are substantially the same length as the boiler B.
Each of these cylinders is located near one of the side walls A 1, and they are
spaced apart sufficiently to form a flue between them. They are connected with
the boiler by means of pipes D, which are set obliquely so that the pipes from one
cylinder cross those of the other, both sets entering the boiler B, through the arch
uniting the two pendent lobes. These pipes D, D, are preferably as numerous as
they can be placed and extend from the front to the rear of the boiler without
interruption. From the front wall A, to the partition, a, an inclined partition d,
077

page_text: .
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of fire brick extends upwardly from each of the cylinders B1, B1, approximately
two thirds of the distance to the boiler and rests upon the row of. pipes D.
The front ends of the flues b, b, are closed by the front wall, A, of the furnace.
The flues are in communication with the chamber of the furnace above the
cylinders B 1, by means of short tubes 61, extending through the lower sides of
the boiler B, and through the walls of the flues b. These tubes 61, are as numerous
as may be necessary to provide sufficient flue area for the free passage of the
products of combustion.
The flues b, b, open at the rear end of the boiler to the furnace chamber. The
eduction flue, leading from the furnace to the stack, not shown, is indicated at X,
as passing through the rear wall A 2, below the boiler. A horizontal partition or
floor E, extends forwardly from the wall A 2, to within a short distance of the
partition a, so that after being discharged from the flue b, the products of
combustion move forwardly between the boiler B, and the cylinders B1, and
then pass downwardly to the flue X, there being openings between the boiler E,
and the partition a, both between and at the outside of the cylinders B 1.
Water legs G lead from the rear end B, to the cylinders B 1. The two
cylinders B1, are connected by tubes F, which may be as numerous as may be
desired and which serve as supports for the forward end of the floor E, which is
between the cylinders. I prefer to place upon the top of each of the tubes F,
forward of the partition a, a fire brick f, as a means of stimulating combustion of
the gases.
The space enclosed between the partitions d, d, serve as a combustion chamber,
the gases distilled from the burning fuel entering it, passing between the
cylinders B 1, B 1, and between the tubes F. These gases are discharged from
this combustion chamber by passing between the tubes D, and circulating around
the pendent lobes of the boiler, entering the flues b, b, through the tubes 61, and
. being discharged from their rearward end. The gases circulate among the tubes D,
, which are back of the partition a, aud moving forwardly to that wall pass down-
wardly to the flue X, and thence out to the stack. The forward portions of the
cylinders B 1, are exposed directly to the heat radiated from the burning fuel and
there is a concentration of the heat between their adjacent surfaces and upon the
pipes F, connecting them as the gases pass upwardly from the fire box. The
combustion of the gases takes place in the chamber enclosed by the partitions d, d,
and the heat there developed is concentrated upon the pipes D. The high temper-
ature to which the forward ends of the cylinders B 1, the tubes connecting them
and the pipes leading from them are subjected secures a very rapid development of
steam within these portions of the boiler and a consequent great velocity of circu-
lation, the cooler water being drawn from the rear end of the boiler to the cylinders
through the water legs G. The vapors continue to part with their heat as they
pass into and through the flues b, and still render efficient service as they circulate
among the tubes D, and around the cylinders B1, back of the partition a, and the
construction is such that they take their entire course while in contact with the
boiler and the heat imparted at every step tends to stimulate the circulation of
the water.
The natural tendency of the water within the boiler B, is for. the cooler portions
of it to settle down into the two pendent lobes. Doing so it comes directly into
contact with the walls of the flues b, b.
All of the tubes D, 61, and F, are so disposed that the line of their direction is
radial as to the curved surface of the boiler and the cylinders which they enter so
that they may be secured thereto by the well known and highly efficient method
known as "expanding."

page_text: An improved Steam
I, OREL DIGHTON ORVIS, of No. 839 Garfield Boulevard, Chicago, County of
Cook, State of Illinois, United States of America, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to that class of steam boilers in which water tubes are used
for the purpose of promoting circulation, increasing the heating surfaces and
stimulating the generation of steam. Its object is to increase the efficiency of
boilers of this class by means of a novel arrangement of parts so as to bring the
heated vapors, given off from the fuel, directly and continuously into contact with
water surfaces and at the same time to so concentrate the heat immediately after
the vapors leave the fire box as to promote the combustion of the gases and to
consume the smoke.
The invention consists in the use of a pair of water cylinders located immediately
above the burning fuel and near together so that the draught is between them:
water tubes connecting these cylinders with the main portion of the boiler and
crossing the line of draught: flues through the main portion of the boiler with
lateral openings for the induction of the heated vapors and a novel arrangement of
partitions and interior walls for the direction of the draught. It consists in further
parts and arrangement of parts as hereinafter fully set forth.
.
In the drawings left with my Provisional Specification
Fig. 1 is a central, longitudinal, vertical section of my steam boiler and
furnace:
Fig. 2, is a plan section on the line 2-2 of Figs. 1, and 3:
Fig. 3, is a transverse section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1:
Fig. 4 is a similar view on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1.
In setting the boiler I use an ordinary front wall A, side walls A 1, A. 1, and
rear wall A 2.
The major portion of the boiler B, is substantially the upper half of a cylinder,
its lower side having a central, longitudinal upward curvature so as to form two
depending lobes, and giving the boiler in cross section the general form of a saddle.
It extends from the front to the rear of the furnace and has a large flue b,
longitudinal through each of its lobes.
.
The grate is shown at C, and presents no novel features. The means for feeding
the furnace being immaterial I have not deemed it necessary to show either the
feeding doors or the ash pit doors. The bridge wall, a 1, is located immediately at
the rear of the grates and still further back is placed a transverse partition a, of
masonry extending to the boiler B, and being without apertures save for the
accommodation of the several parts of the boiler. A pair of steel cylinders B1, B1,
are located above the fire box and are substantially the same length as the boiler B.
Each of these cylinders is located near one of the side walls A 1, and they are
spaced apart sufficiently to form a flue between them. They are connected with
the boiler by means of pipes D, which are set obliquely so that the pipes from one
cylinder cross those of the other, both sets entering the boiler B, through the arch
uniting the two pendent lobes. These pipes D, D, are preferably as numerous as
they can be placed and extend from the front to the rear of the boiler without
interruption. From the front wall A, to the partition, a, an inclined partition d, of
fire brick extends upwardly from each of the cylinders B1, B1, approximately
two thirds of the distance to the boiler and rests upon the row of pipes D.
The front ends of the flues b, b are closed by the front wall, A of the furnace. The
flues are in communication with the chamber of the furnace above the cylinders B1,

page_text: by means of short tubes 61, extending through the lower sides of the boiler B,
and through the walls of the flues b. These tubes 61, are as numerous as may
be necessary to provide sufficient flue area for the free passage of the products of
combustion.
The flues b, b open at the rear end of the boiler to the furnace chamber. The
eduction flue, leading from the furnace to the stack, not shown, is indicated at X,
as passing through the rear wall A 2 below the boiler. A horizontal partition or
floor E, extends forwardly from the wall A 2, to within a short distance of the
partition a, so that after being discharged from the flue b, the products of com-
bustion move forwardly between the boiler B, and the cylinders B 1, and then pass
downwardly to the flue X, there being openings between the floor E, and the
partition a, both between and at the outside of the cylinders B 1.
The two
Water legs G lead from the rear end B, to the cylinders B 1.
cylinders B1, are connected by tubes F, which may be as numerous as may be
desired and which serve as supports for the forward end of the floor E, which is
between the cylinders. I prefer to place upon the top of each of the tubes F,
forward of the partition a, a fire brick f, as a means of stimulating combustion of
the gases.
The space enclosed between the partitions d, d, serves as a combustion chamber,
the gases distilled from the burning fuel entering it, passing between the
cylinders B1, B1 and between the tubes F. These gases are discharged from this
combustion chamber by passing between the tubes D, and circulating around
the pendent lobes of the boiler, entering the flues b, b, through the tubes 61, and
being discharged from their rearward end. The gases circulate among the tubes D,
which are back of the partition a, and moving forwardly to that wall pass down-
wardly to the flue X, and thence out to the stack. The forward portions of the
cylinders B1, are exposed directly to the heat radiated from the burning fuel and
there is a concentration of the heat between their adjacent surfaces and upon the
pipes F, connecting them as the gases pass upwardly from the fire box. The
combustion of the gases takes place in the chamber enclosed by the partitions d, d,
and the heat there developed is concentrated upon the pipes D. The high tem-
perature to which the forward ends of the cylinders B 1, the tubes connecting them
and the pipes leading from them are subjected secures a very rapid development of
steam within these portions of the boiler and a consequent great velocity of
circulation, the cooler water being drawn from the rear end of the boiler to the
cylinders through the water legs G. The vapors continue to part with their heat
as they pass into and through the flues b, and still render efficient service as they
circulate among the tubes D, and around the cylinders B 1, back of the partition a,
and the construction is such that 'they take their entire course while in contact with
the boiler and the heat imparted at every step tends to stimulate the circulation of
the water.
The natural tendency of the water within the boiler B, is for the cooler portions
of it to settle down into the two pendent lobes. Doing so it comes directly into
contact with the walls of the flues b, b.
All of the tubes D, b', and F, are so disposed that the line of their direction is
radial as to the curved surface of the boiler and the cylinders which they enter so
that they may be secured thereto by the well known and highly efficient method
known as 66
expanding."
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination with a furnace having a fire box, of a boiler forming the
arch or roof of the fire box and being approximately in the form of the upper half
of a cylinder with its lower portion curved upward centrally and having longi-
tudinal flues b, b, through its depending lobes, and flue tubes, 6, extending laterally
from the flues b, b, to the fire box, substantially as described.

page_text: 2. The combination with a fire box, of a boiler, B, forming a roof for the fire
box, water cylinders, B¹, B', below the boiler and passing through the fire box and
being spaced apart to form a flue passage, series of water tubes, D, D, leading from
the cylinders to the boiler, and a partition extending upwardly from each of the
cylinders outside of the series of water tubes and having flue openings adjacent to
the boiler whereby the draught is led from the fire, between the cylinders, among
the water tubes to the boiler and spread laterally contiguous to its surface,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
3. The combination with a furnace of a boiler forming the roof of the furnace
and having longitudinal flues, b, b, open at their rearward ends, and flue tubes, b¹,
leading from the furnace chamber through the boiler to the flues b, b, of a pair of
water cylinders, B', B¹, below the boiler and spaced apart to form a draught flue,
water tubes connecting the cylinders with the boiler, a solid partition a, trans-
versely across the furnace, longitudinal partitions, d, d, forward of the partition a,
and extending upwardly from the cylinders outside of the water tubes and leaving
flue openings above them, an eduction flue through the rear wall of the furnace
below the cylinders, and a horizontal partition or floor between the boiler and the
eduction flue and a draught opening at the forward end of such floor, substantially
as described and for the purpose set forth.
4. The combination with a furnace, of a boiler approximating in form the upper
half of a cylinder with its lower surface curved upwardly and having longitudinal
flues, b, b, through its depending lobes, such flues being open at their rearward ends,
and flue tubes, 61, leading from the furnace chamber through the boiler to the
flues b, b, a pair of water cylinders, B', B', below the boiler and spaced apart to
form a draught flue, water tubes connecting the cylinders with the boiler, a solid
partition, a, transversely across the furnace, longitudinal partitions, d, d, forward of
the partition a and extending upwardly from the cylinders outside of the water
tubes and leaving flue openings above them, an eduction flue through the rear wall
of the furnace below the cylinders, and a horizontal partition or floor beneath the
boiler and the eduction flue and a draught opening at the forward end of such floor,
substantially as described and for the purposes set forth.
5. The combination, in a steam boiler and furnace, with the grates, of water
cylinders located above the grates and spaced apart to form a draught flue, water
tubes connecting the cylinders across such draught flue, and fire brick supported
upon the tubes, substantially as and for the
purpose described.
Dated this 18th day of January 1896.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.