Improvements in Machinery for Spinning Hair, Wool, Flax, and other Fibres.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Oct., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 12th July, 1894-Accepted, 18th Aug., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Spinning Hair, Wool, Flax, and
other Fibres.
We, ROBERT JAMES EKE, of 77 Lever Street, Saint Lukes, in the County of
Middlesex Engineer, FRANCIS EDWARD TUCKER, of Archway House, Esher, in
the County of Surrey, Gentleman, and FREDERICK HOW, of 252 Kings Road,
Kingston Hill, in the County of Surrey, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to enable hair wool silk and other fibres to be
spun direct from the carding engine without the aid of intermediate drawing
frames and is particularly applicable to spinning hair shoddy and other short staple
fibres.
Now according to this invention we provide a suitable number of spindles carried
in suitable bearings in a frame these spindles which may be either mule throstle or
ring spindles are driven by bands or other suitable gearing in the usual way and if
necessary provided with the usual compensating gear to keep an even tension on
the yarn.
We provide also a pair of drawing rollers rotated by means of suitable gearing
from the main shaft this may be conveniently done by attaching at one end of the
machine a small sprocket wheel to the main shaft which is geared by means
of a pitch chain to a large wheel rotating on a stud fixed to the frame of the
machine.
Attached to or forming part of the large sprocket wheel is a bevil wheel or
pinion gearing with a second bevil wheel at the lower end of a vertical shaft.
The upper end of this vertical shaft has secured thereto a bevil wheel gearing
with a bevil wheel rotating on a stud or short shaft motion is communicated from
the last mentioned bevil wheel to the bottom drawing rollers by means of change
wheels so that the said rollers may be caused to rotate at different speeds according
to the amount of draft required in the yarn.
The lower drawing rollers are formed integral with or threaded on a spindle
which spindle may however be made in sections connected together by collars or
couplings the said spindle having attached to it one of the herein before mentioned
change wheels. The upper drawing rollers rest on and are rotated by the lower
ones in the usual way.
Behind the drawing rollers we attach to the framing of the machine a sliding
frame carrying a series of feed rollers which are driven from the drawing roller
spindle by sprockets and chains a weighted idle wheel or other suitable device
being provided to take up the slack of the driving chain when the feed rollers are
caused to approach the drawing rollers.
Above the feeding rollers and rotating in fork bearings are placed bobbins or
rollers containing sliver from the carding engine and scribber or the twist from the
The bobbins or
macbine described in our former Specification No. 6678 of 1893.
rollers containing sliver or twist rest on the feeding rollers in frictional contact and
are rotated thereby.
A hand wheel and screw or other suitable adjusting apparatus is provided whereby
the sliding frame carrying the sliver and feeding rollers may move towards or away
from the drawing rollers and is clamped in any desired position so that the shorter

page_text: staple of the fibre being spun the nearer the feeding and drawing rollers may be
together and vice-versa.
Dated this 12th day of October 1893.
T. E. HALFORD,
11, Furnival Street, Holborn; London, E.C., Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Spinning Hair, Wool, Flax, and
other Fibres.
We, ROBERT JAMES EKE, of 77 Lever Street, Saint Lukes, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, FRANCIS EDWARD TUCKER of Archway House, Esher, in
the County of Surrey, Gentleman, and FREDERICK How, of 252 Kings Road,
Kingston Hill, in the County of Surrey, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to enable hair wool and other fibres to be
spun direct from the carding engine without the aid of intermediate drawing
frames and is particularly applicable to spinning hair shoddy and other short staple
fibres.
Now according to this invention we provide a suitable number of spindles carried
in suitable bearings in a frame these spindles which may be either mule throstle or
ring spindles are driven by bands or other suitable gearing in the usual way and
if necessary provided with the usual compensating gear to keep an even tension, on
the yarn.
We provide also one or more pairs of drawing rollers rotated by means of
suitable gearing from the main shaft this may be conveniently done by attaching
at one end of the machine a small sprocket wheel to the main shaft which is geared
by means of a pitch chain to a large wheel rotating on a stud fixed to the frame of
the machine or by other suitable gearing.
Attached to or forming part of the large sprocket wheel is a bevil wheel or
pinion gearing with a second bevi! wheel at the lower end of a vertical shaft. The
upper end of this vertical shaft has secured thereto a bevil wheel gearing with a
bevil wheel rotating on a stud or short shaft motion is communicated from the last
mentioned bevil wheel to the bottom drawing rollers by means of change wheels so
that the said rollers may be caused to rotate at different speeds according to the
amount of draft required in the yarn.
The lower drawing rollers are formed integral with or threaded on a spindle
which spindle may however be made in sections connected together by collars or
couplings the said spindle having attached to it one of the herein before mentioned
change wheels. The upper drawing rollers rest on and are rotated by the lower
ones in the usual way.
Behind the drawing rollers we attach to the framing of the machine a sliding
frame carrying a series of feed rollers which are driven from the drawing roller
spindle by sprockets and chains a weighted idle wheel or other suitable device being
provided to take up the slack of the driving chain when the feed rollers are caused
to approach the drawing rollers.
Above the feeding rollers and rotating in forked bearings are placed bobbins or
rollers containing sliver from the carding engine and scribbler or the twist from the
machine described in our former Specification No. 6678 of 1893.
The bobbins or rollers containing sliver or twist rest on the feeding rollers in
frictional contact therewith and are rotated thereby.
A hand wheel and screw or other suitable adjusting apparatus is provided
whereby the sliding frame carrying the sliver and feeding rollers may be moved

page_text: towards or away from the drawing rollers and clamped in any desired position so
that the shorter the staple of the fibre being spun the nearer the feeding and
drawing rollers may be together and vice-versa.
And in order that our said invention may be fully understood we will proceed to
explain the same with reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings in
which :-
1
Figure represents end view partly in section of a throstle frame constructed
according to our invention.
Figure 2 is front view of a portion of the same.
The saine letters denote the same parts in all the figures.
a is the frame of the machine bb spindles cc flyers d d bobbins e e bobbin lifting
rail the spindle foot step rail the main shaft the driving roller which
imparts motion to the spindles by means of the bands ii passing round the
wharves jj.
The tension on the yarn is maintained by the usual felt washer underneath the
bobbin.
On the main shaft g at the end of the machine not shewn are the usual fast and
loose driving pulleys and on the opposite end of the said shaft is keyed or otherwise
secured a bevil pinion k gearing with a bevil wheel attached to a vertical shaft / at
the upper end of this shaft is a second pinion m gearing with a bevil wheel n
running loose on a stud o. Attached to or cast in one with the wheel n is a spur
pinion p gearing with wheels q which wheels run loose on studs r r and are
secured to or cast in one with pinions ss also rotating on the studs r r.
g
The pinions
ss gear with wheels t t' whereof the wheel t¹ rotates on a stud fixed
to the frame of the machine and gears with an idle wheel u' attached to a swinging
bracket attached to the frame a as in screw cutting lathes.
The wheel u' gears with wheels secured to the spindles of the ordinary
fluted drawing rollers w the upper roller being covered with felt or leather as
usual.
The wheel t gears with a wheel attached to the spindle of the upper set of
drawing rollers and by means of the idle wheels xx with the wheel attached
to the spindle of the lower set of drawing rollers.
The wheels t and x revolve on studs attached to a swinging bracket so that when
it is desired to vary the speed of the drawing rollers the wheels and v¹ or either
of them may be changed for wheels or a wheel with more or less teeth so that the
rollers may be driven slower or faster the swinging bracket allowing the wheel t to
drive the changed wheels.
Also the wheels v¹ vor either of thein may be changed for others in a similar
manner the wheel u¹ being also changed if necessary to allow of the new wheels
on the spindles of the drawing rollers gearing with the wheel substituted for the
wheel u and also to enable the substituted wheel to gear with the wheel t¹.
By this means the speed of the drawing rollers relatively to each other to the
spindles and to the feeding rollers may be changed at will to suit the material
being spun.
Instead of the gearing above described pitch chains and sprocket wheels may
be substituted for the change wheels shewn on the drawings and the speed of the
rollers may be reduced by means of chain gear from the main shaft as hereinbefore
described.
The bobbins A containing the sliver or twist are held in forks B B attached to
a sliding frame at the back of the feeding rollers which frame also carries a series
of rollers C C upon which the bobbins rest and therefore deliver their contents to
the drawing rollers at any desired speed and without putting any tension if desired
on the sliver or the sliver may be drawn between the feeding rollers and the first
pair of drawing rollers as most suitable.
To the roller spindle D is attached a pulley F driven by a chain or band G from
the pulley H attached to the wheel t.
As the feeding rollers are attached to a frame capable of being moved towards

page_text: or away from the drawing rollers the shorter the staple the nearer the feeding
rollers will be to the drawing rollers and vice-versa.
Although we have only described our invention as applied to a throstle it will
be understood that our improvements are applicable to mules ring and cap frames.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In a machine for spinning hair wool and other fibres altering the speed of
each set of drawing rollers relatively to each other and to the feeding rollers by
means of change wheels substantially as specified.
2. In a machine for spinning hair wool and other fibres delivering the sliver or
roving to the drawing rollers by means of feeding rollers revolving in frictional
contact with the bobbins containing the sliver the said hobbins and feeding rollers
being carried by a sliding frame substantially as herein before specified.
3. The improvements in machines for spinning hair wool and other fibres herein-
before specified.
The Lo
T11004
T. E. HALFORD,
11, Furnival Street, Holborn, London, E.C., Agent for the Applicants.