Machines Running on Wheels and otherwise.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 18th June, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 18th Apr., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 25th May, 1889
Machines Running on Wheels and otherwise.
Sir WILLIAM VAVASOUR of No. 50 Holborn Viaduct in the City of London Barone!
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:-
My Invention consists of an Improvement in springs for cars, carts, carriages or
other vehicles or machines running on wheels, and consists of a spring or springs so
adjusted as to counteract a force or resistance imparted from any direction. It has
hitherto been customary to place the spring of a vehicle on the top of or below the
axle, the spring acting thus directly on the axle, which is carried out at each extremity
into the nave of the wheel in which it remains stationary while the wheel revolves
round it, or sometimes as in railway carriages, where the axle turns within the wheel,
the spring being placed over a fixed axle box. Such a spring only gives with a spring
motion or action in one direction, viz. transversely with the lay of the spring plates.
In my invention I prefer to use a fixed axle attaching such axle directly to the
body of the car,
carriage, wagon or other vehicle sometimes with no spring intervening
between, but sometimes with my spring surrounding the axle. The axle passes
through the nave in which is an axle box as heretofore or is otherwise attached
thereto, but on the outside of and surrounding the axle box, I place a spring or
series of springs so adjusted that they will perform or give a spring motion or action
in every direction. Outside such spring or series of springs I place a felly or rin
to carry the spokes and tyre, or I attach the springs directly between the felly or
rim and the tyre. I can also adjust my form of spring to the axle so that the
extremities pass through the nave as heretofore, or I can adjust it so that the axle and
wheel work fixedly together. I do not consider that any particular form or adjustment
of the spring or springs is essential to carry out my improved method, as such may
be made or adjusted in more than one form, provided the spring arrangement be
adjusted so that a spring motion or action is imparted to or from any different
direction. My method thus differs from methods at present in use inasmuch as the
spring motion or action imparted by the present spring only counteracts a force
coming from one direction or in one direct line, whereas my method of adjustment
will counteract a force coming from any direction.

page_text: Machines Running on Wheels and otherwise.
I, Sir WILLIAM VAVASOUR, of No. 50 Holborn Viaduct, in the City of London,
Baronet, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
Hitherto it has been customary to place the spring of a vehicle on the top of or
below the axle and the said spring thus acts directly on the axle, which latter is
carried out at each extremity into the nave of the wheel and the said axle remains
stationary while the wheel revolves around it, or it is arranged as in railway carriage
wheels, that is, the spring is placed over a fixed axle box and the axle turns with
the wheel. Such arrangements of spring or springs are only resilient in one
direction namely, transversely with the lay of the spring plates.
Now the object of my invention is to construct or arrange springs for cars, carts,
carriages, or other vehicles, or machines running on wheels in such positions and
manner, as to counteract a force, resistance, or impact when imparted or received from
any direction whatever.
My invention will be readily understood by the following description having
reference to the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 shews in side elevation, and Figure 2. in vertical eross section, a wheel
constructed or arranged according to my invention, Figure 3 being an enlarged
perspective view of the central portion of same.
Figures 4 and 5 are respectively vertical side section: and vertical cross section
shewing another arrangement of springs.
According to my invention I preferably employ a fixed axle. A which may be secured
to the body of the car, carriage, or other vehicle, without any springs or spring
intervening.
The axle A extends beyond the body of the vehicle and passes into an axle box B,
and this is shewn in the drawing of plain tubular form, but I do not limit myself to
such a form, as the axle box B inay be of any other desirable construction, or it may
be provided with ball or other bearings or be otherwise fitted to the axle.
+
On the outside of and surrounding the axle box B, there is an inner felloe or ring U
and there is an intermediate space between the axle box and the ring, the axle box B
being connected and held centrally within the ring C by means of springs D; in
the drawings Figures 1, 2 and 3 there are six springs shewn of flat form, three being
arranged near each face of the ring C, and arranged to break joint, so to say, and they
will allow the axle A and its hox B to have a resilient action in every direction;
the springs are in the drawing shewn as fixed by screws to the axle box and to
the ring.
Figures 4 and 5 shew an application of 3 coiled springs D) of pyramidal rectangular
form and these are shewn as fixed by clamps to the ring Cand axle box. B. From the

page_text: outer periphery of the ring C into which they are secured there extends the spokes E
meeting the outer felloe or rim F to which their outer ends are fixed; the spokes
may be of any approved form or material and may be fixed as desired, those shewn in
the drawing being of metal and as commonly employed in wheels such as are
manufactured for velocipedes.
I do not bind myself absolutely to the two forms or arrangements of springs
shewn on the drawings provided that such spring or springs are adjusted so that
there shall be a resilient action in whatever direction a force is applied.
In some cases instead of the axle A being bolted directly to the body of the
vehicle I may suspend the said axle within such a ring C or its equivalent and such
ring may be bolted to the body of the vehicle, it will be obvious that I can so arrange
my universal spring devices in such manner that the axle and wheel may both turn
together.
2
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The universal spring device consisting of ring C, springs D and centre part B
substantially as set forth.
2. In wheel springs the combination with the outer felloe or rim F, spokes E, and
axle box B; of the ring C, and springs D. whereby a resilient action is obtained to
counteract or absorb impact or resistance in any direction whatever, substantially as
set forth.