CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WORKING MOULDINGS
Year: 1847

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
BROWN JORDAN, of Belvedere Road, in the County of Surrey, Mechanical
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Eighth day of
February, One thousand eight hundred and forty-seven, in the tenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Thomas Brown Jordan, my exors, admors, and assigns, Her
especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said
Thomas Brown Jordan, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Thomas Brown Jordan, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during
the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WORKING
MOULDINGS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the
said Thomas Brown Jordan, shall cause a particular description of the nature
of my
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to be inrolled in Her said
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as

page_text: in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Thomas Brown Jordan, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference being had to
tho Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon (that is to say):
My Invention consists of certain mechanical arrangements calculated to
produce architectural, cabinet, or other mouldings with greater facility and
perfection than has hitherto been done. The novelty rests partly in the entire
arrangement and the adaptation of well-known parts to produce the desired end,
and partly in new methods of mounting and working revolving cutters, and
new modes of holding down the work, as will be fully explained, with the
aid of the Drawings. Figure 1 is a front elevation of the machine, or rather
a section shewing a front view of the cutters. Figure 2 is a side elevation
with some parts removed and some in section, for the purpose of shewing the
working parts more clearly. Figure 3 is a section of the bed and standards,
showing a back view of the cutters, or view looking from the opposite end of
the machine to that shown by Figure 1. In these three Figures all the parts
which have any novelty either in design or application are fully exhibited,
and although the entire length of the machine is not shown the omitted
portions are so fully indicated by what is shown that no practical mechanist
can be at a loss to complete it. The same letters of reference are used to
indicate the same parts in each Figure. a, a, a, a, is a cast-iron bed-piece,
having V-guides, and constructed in all respects similar to the best description
of planing machines for iron. b, b, is a travelling bed or table made to work
on the fixed bed by the driving screw c, c, which of course is made to revolve
by power applied to the usual reversing gear at the front end of the machine,
so as to give slow alternating motion to the travelling table. d, d, are the
standards which support the bridge e, e, with the cutter bars or mandrils
attached to it. Each of these standards contains a screw of the same pitch,
gearing into nuts attached to the bridge, so that by turning the horizontal
bar ff, both screws are made to revolve at the same rate and the bridge is
made to ascend or descend as may be required, and is kept parallel to the
bed at every elevation; if the bevel gearing at 9, 9, is made according to the
Drawing, it will be requisite to make one of these screws right and the other
left handed. 9, 9, is an horizontal bar which revolves rapidly in the bearings
h, h, and carries a number of cutters or chisels 10, 10, having their cutting

page_text: edges so shaped as to produce the required moulding or such parts of it as
can be produced by revolving cutters on an horizontal axis. Motion is com
municated to this axis by the band 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, from a power wheel over-
head, not shown in the Drawing; its course is indicated by the arrows which
show that after leaving the power wheel it passes down by 1 to a
tightening pulley (which may be clamped to any part of the slot i, i, for
obtaining the requisite tension); it then passes up by 2 round the upper
half of one groove of the cutter pulley, down again to the other groove of the
tightening pulley, then up to the overhead pulley by 4, down again
to the cutter pulley by 5, back again over.the driving pulley, and then.
falling in at. the starting place ✓ 1 to make up the endless band. The
advantages of this circuitous arrangement are numerous and important; it
can be managed so that the band shall not rub against itself at any of the
crossings or on the wheels; its tension can be adjusted to a nicety, and is not
altered by elevating or depressing the slide, and more than the whole circum-
ference of the cutter pulley is embraced. by the band. k, k, and I, l, is an
horizontal and vertical slide attached to the back of the bridge, and con-
sequently it rises and falls with the horizontal cutter bar when the screws in
the standards are turned, but the slides k; k, and 2, 2, have also independent
"motion by their screws m and n, which give the power of relative adjustment
between the cutters on the horizontal bar and those on the slide now in course
of explanation. Attached to the moving plate of the vertical slide, and cast
in one piece with it, is a T-slot bar, shown at o, o, o, in the back and side
elevations, and to this is clamped cutter heads with mandrils, as shown at p, p.
The construction of these cutter heads is perhaps best seen in the sectional
side view, where one of them is shown partly in section and partly in eleva-
tion. p, p, is the mandril terminating below the head in a square end or
bar, with a slot through it for the bolt which is used to fix the chisel or
chisels to the mandril; these are best seen in the back view. 7, 9, is the
cast-ion head which is bored through for the steel mandril to work in. r is
.a cone or bevel wheel on the top of the mandril, which is driven by a larger
bevel wheel s,' s, running on a spindle fixed to the cast-iron head. At the
back of the large bevel wheel 'is a double-grooved pulley, the grooves of which
receive a band from the overhead motion, which is made to drive as many
mandrils as may be in use at one time, whatever may be their angle to the
horizontal bed. The bevel wheels here described are not cogged wheels but
.smooth metal cones covered with about a quater of an inch in thickness of
vulcanized india rubber, gutta percha; or similar elastic substance, the same

page_text: substance being also used at t, t, on the spindle to act as a spring for keeping
the conical surfaces in perfect and elastic contact. v, v, are bosses cast on
the bed of the machine, which are bored to receive the wrought-iron rods
w, w, the lower ends of which are screwed, and the hand wheels x, x, are
tapered to work on them, and so fitted to the boss that by turning the wheel
I either raise or depress the rod in its socket. Of course these rods and
sockets are in pairs, being exactly opposite each other on each side of the
machine. The upper end of the rod is opened into a fork or shackle, and a
slot is cut through each limb of the fork, through which a round-backed key
or cotter is introduced to bear in a groove in the holding-down shafts y, y,
forming a ready means of shipping and unshipping these shafts. They are
round bars of iron (as shewn in section by Figure 4) covered with a series of
thick india-rubber washers, which are kept in place and compressed with
proper force by the large nuts, 2. The india-rubber washers are varied in
diameter according to the work in hand, so that a longitudinal section of the
elastic roller will nearly fit the moulding it is used to hold down before tho
pressure of the side screws is used; and when they are brought into action
with the requisito force, every member of the moulding will be filled and kept
in perfect contact with the cast-iron bed or travelling table of the machine, a
condition which is of the utmost importance to the production of good work
by revolving cutters. And in order the more perfectly to secure this condition
under all circumstances, I have lateral grooves cast in the traversing table,
into which I introduce stops and clamps both at the sides and ends of the
.work, as shewn at 8 in the side view, and which serve not only to hold the
work down but to prevent its shifting laterally while under the operation of
cutting; in fact this is the principal use of the sido clamps, as I depend almost
⚫entirely on the elastic rollers for holding down the work.
Having now fully described the whole machine which I havo arranged
for cutting mouldings by revolving cutters, it only remains for me to dis-
tinguish between the novelty and that which is well known.
I claim as my Invention the mode of arranging a revolving horizontal bar,
by which I am enabled to set up a number of simple chisels of forms suitablo
to produce a compound moulding, and which chisels, from their being of
simple forms, may be readily transposed, so as to form other compound
mouldings.
I also claim the mode of applying mandrils (for carrying cutting tools to
form mouldings), such as shown, such mandrils being capable of being set at
various angles to tho work, as described.

page_text: I also claim the application of vulcanized or otherwise converted india
rubber or gutta percha to the part r', ', and t, of machinery for working
mouldings, as above described.
I also claim the mode of applying cutters, such as shewn (of a form suitable
to the ornament intended to be produced), to revolving mandrils or axes, as
above described.
I also claim the application of elastic rollers for holding down work under
the operation of revolving cutters, whether constructed according to my
Drawings or otherwise.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Brown Jordan, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Seventh day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-seven.
THOMAS BROWN (Ls.) JORDAN.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Seventh day of August, in the
year of our Lord 1847, the aforesaid Thomas Brown Jordan came before
our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specifi-
cation aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified,
in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Seventh day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-seven.