Improvements in the Manufacture of Varnishes, Drying Oils, Enamel Paints, and Wool. Washes, applicable also as Insecticides and for other Purposes.
Year: 1899

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Varnishes, Drying Oils, Enamel
Paints, and Wool. Washes, applicable also as Insecticides and for
other Purposes.
I, JOHN VAUGHAN-SILERRIN, of 28, Victoria Street, Westminster, London,
Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
According to this invention I manufacture varnishes drying oils and enamel
paints possessing great durability during exposure to atmospheric and other
adverse influences and in a cheaper manner than heretofore.
In order to produce a varnish I heat a small proportion of linseed oil, say
10 parts to about 600° F. (315° C.). I then take about 5 parts of Kauri gum
dust or equivalent material and sprinkle it upon the surface of the heated oil
which is meanwhile being continually agitated. To this mixture is gradually
added a suitable drying agent, by preference acetate of manganese, say 5 parts of
same. Lead driers are unsuitable because they harden the rosin. Rosin, about
40 parts of same, is then added, to give body to the varnish; this rosin has to be
heated in a steam jacketed pan to about 400° F. (203 C.) and is being agitated
while the aforesaid previously made gum mixture is added in small portions
until thoroughly mixed therewith. The whole is then allowed to cool down
to a temperature of about 90 to 100° F. (32 to 38 C.), according to the boiling
point of my thinning agent, that is to say, refined petroleum. I then add
about 65 parts of such petroleum to the mixture while agitating. The agitation
may be by stirrers, air blowing or other suitable means.
In order to manufacture a cheap and efficient substitute for the ordinary
boiled pil I mix 10 parts of linseed oil heated as aforesaid with about 2 or 3 parts
of Kauri gum dust or equivalent material and add 3 parts of the drying agent
preferably acetate or borate of manganese. To this I add about 40 parts of.
melted rosin, as in the first named example. When the mixture has cooled
to from 90 to 120° F. (32 to 49° C.) it is thinned down with mineral oil, say
about 100 parts of the petroleum oil, the whole being thoroughly agitated as
before mentioned.
The varnish and the oil, made as described is left for a time to settle, and the
clear product is drawn off ready for use.
To manufacture light coloured varnishes and paint oils I proceed as above
described, but substitute for the Kauri gum dust gum Dammer or other suitable
light gum, and for the drying agent I prefer to use sulphate or borate of manga-
nese, or boracic acid.
In order to manufacture enamel paints having rapid and hard drying qualities
I proceed as for the varnish, but employ a large proportion of drying agent, and
add pigments according to the colour or tint required. Those having lead for
their base are however unsuitable.

page_text: The varnish made as firstly described may be mixed with a caustic alkali
solution, preferably of caustic soda of a specific gravity of about 1140°, in the
proportion of parts of the varnish to 1 part of the solution. This produces a
clear liquid when well agitated; to this is added from 2 to 3 parts of the
petroleum while stirring. The resultant thin liquid is not soluble in water,
but after being violently agitated it becomes a thick gelatinous liquid which is
soluble in water; after standing some time however a small proportion of thin
insoluble liquid collects on the top and can then be drawn off and treated with
caustic varnish made as described and will then similarly assume a thick
gelatinous form and be soluble in water. The whole of the above described
process should be performed cold, as any considerable elevation of temperature
produces a greater amount of separation of the thin liquid. Care should be taken
The material
against a rise of temperature when the caustic solution is added.
so made is suitable for washing wool and other materials, for use in the "copper"
when washing clothes also for paint cleaning, as an insecticide, as a boiler fluid
and applicable also for other purposes.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Varnishes, Drying Oils, Enamel
Paints, and Wool Washes, applicable also as Insecticides and for
other Purposes.
I, JOHN VAUGHAN-SILERRIN, of 28, Victoria Street, Westminster, London,
Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:―
According to this invention I manufacture varnishes, drying oils, and enamel
paints possessing great durability during exposure to atmospheric and other
adverse influences and in a cheaper manner than heretofore.
In order to produce a varnish I heat a small proportion, say 10 parts by
measure of linseed oil to about 600° F. (315° C.). I then take about five parts
of Kauri gum dust or equivalent material and sprinkle it upon the surface of
the heated oil which is meanwhile being continually agitated. To this mixture
is gradually added a suitable drying agent, by preference acetate or borate of
manganese, say five parts of same. Lead driers are unsuitable because they
harden the rosin which I use. Of rosin I then take about 40 parts in order to
give body to the varnish. This rosin has first to be heated in a steam-jacketed
or other suitable pan to about 400° F. (203° C.). The rosin is being agitated
while the aforesaid mixture is added thereto. The whole is then allowed to
cool down to a temperature of about 90 to 100° F. (32 to 38° C.) according to
the boiling point of the thinning agent which I next employ, viz., refined
petroleum. Of this latter I now add about 65 parts to the mixture while agitating
same. The agitation may be effected by stirrers, air blowing or other suitable
means.
In order to manufacture a cheap and efficient substitute for the ordinary
boiled oil, I heat boiled oil 10 parts to about 600° F. (315° C.) and mix therewith
about two or three parts of Kauri gum dust or equivalent material, and add
three parts of the drying agent, preferably acetate or borate of manganese.

page_text: With this I mix about 40 parts of melted rosin as in the first-named example.
When the mixture has cooled to from 90 to 100° F. (32 to 38° C.) it is thinned
down with say about 100 parts of the refined petroleum, the whole being
thoroughly agitated as before mentioned.
The varnish and the oil made as described are left for a time sufficient to
settle, and the clear product is then drawn off ready for use.
To manufacture light-coloured varnishes and paint oils I proceed as above
described, but substitute for the Kauri gum dust gum Dammar or other suitable
light-coloured gum, and for the drying agent I prefer to use sulphate or borate
of manganese or boracic acid.
In order to manufacture enamel paints having rapid and hard-drying qualities
I proceed as for the varnish, but employ a larger proportion or about double of.
the drying agent and add pigments according to the colour or tint required.
Those having lead for their base are, however, unsuitable.
The varnish made as firstly described may be mixed with a caustic alkali
solution, preferably of caustic soda of a specific gravity of 1140° in the proportion
of about four parts of the varnish to one part of the solution. This produces a
clear liquid when well agitated. To this is added from two to three parts of
petroleum while stirring. The resultant thin liquid is not at once soluble in
water, but after having been violently agitated it becomes a thicker gelatinous
liquid which is soluble in water. This liquid is then further thinned down
with petroleum, about equal parts and agitated. This mixture is soluble in
water. The whole of the above process should be performed cold, as any consider-
able elevation of temperature produces a great amount of separation of thin
liquid. Care should be taken against a rise in temperature when the caustic
solution is added. The material so made is suitable for washing wool and other
materials, for use in the "copper" when washing clothes, also for paint cleaning,
as an insecticide, as a boiler fluid, and applicable also for other purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. The process for the manufacture of an oleaginous product consisting in
heating linseed oil to about 600° F. (315° C.), sprinkling gradually thereon
Kauri gum dust or the like while agitating, adding gradually a suitable drying
agent, mixing gradually the aforesaid mixture with rosin while agitating, said
rosin having previously been heated to about 400° F. (203° C.), then cooling
down the mixture to about 90 to 100° F. (32 to 38° C.), and finally adding petro-
leum for thinning it down, then leaving the mixture to settle, and then drawing
off the clear product substantially as and in the proportions stated.
2. The process for the manufacture of a varnish consisting in heating linseed
oil to about 600° F. (315° C.), sprinkling gradually thereon Kauri gum dust or
the dike while agitating, adding gradually acetate of manganese, mixing gradually
the aforesaid mixture with rosin while agitating, said rosin having previously
been heated to about 400° F. (203° C.). then cooling down the mixture to 90
or 100° F. (32 to 38° C.), and finally thinning it down with refined petroleum,
then leaving the mixture to settle, and then drawing off the clear liquid sub-
stantially as and in the proportions stated.
3. The process for the manufacture of a substitute for boiled oil consisting
in heating linseed oil to about 600° F. (315° C.) sprinkling gradually thereon
Kauri gum dust or the like, adding gradually acetate or borate of manganese,
mixing gradually the aforesaid mixture with rosin, said rosin having previously
been heated to about 400° F. (203° C.), then cooling down to 90 to 100° F.
(32 to 38° C.), and finally thinning it down with refined petroleum. then leaving
the mixture to settle, and then drawing off the clear product substantially as
and in the proportions stated.
4. The modified process for the manufacture of a varnish according to which

page_text: in the secondly claimed process gum Dammer, copal or the like is substituted for
the Kauri gum and the drying agent used is sulphate or borate of manganese or
boracic acid.
5. The modified process of manufacture of an oil according to which in the
thirdly claimed process gum Dammer is substituted for the Kauri gum and the
drying agent used is sulphate or borate of manganese or boracic acid.
6. The manufacture by a cold process of an oleaginous compound soluble in
water by mixing the varnish or the oil made as secondly and thirdly claimed
with a caustic alkali solution adding a little petroleum while agitating, and
thinning it down with petroleum substantially as set forth.
7. As a new or improved article of manufacture the varnish made as secondly
claimed.
8. As a new or improved article of manufacture the substitute for boiled oil
made as thirdly claimed.
9. As a new or improved article of manufacture the varnish made as fourthly
claimed.
10. As a new or improved article of manufacture the oil made as fifthly
claimed.
11. As a new or improved article of manufacture the oleaginous compound
soluble in water made as sixthly claimed.
12. As a new or improved article of manufacture the enamel or paint made
with the varnish or boiled oil made as described.
13. As a new or improved article of manufacture the wool wash made as
described.
Dated this Nineteenth day of February 1900.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.