IMPROVEMENTS IN WATERING STREETS AND ROADS, AND IN THE APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR EFFECTING THE SAME
Year: 1872

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ISAAC
BROWN, of Elm Croft Grange, Edinburgh, in the County of Mid Lothian,
North Britain, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of May, One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, No. 1511, did, for Herself,
Her heirs and successors, grant unto me, the said Isaac Brown,
Her special license that I, the said Isaac Brown, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Isaac Brown, my
executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and the Isle of Man, an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN WATERING STREETS AND ROADS, AND IN THE APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR
EFFECTING THE SAME,' upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
دو

page_text: said Isaac Brown, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said In-
ventions, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent:
And whereas I, the said Isaac Brown, did prepare an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal purporting to declare the nature of the
said Invention, and what manner the same was to be performed, and
caused the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
Thirteenth day of November, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
two:
And whereas since the filing of the said Specification I have been
advised and have ascertained that my said Specification may be con-
strued as claiming parts of an earlier Invention of mine, for which
Letters Patent were granted to me on the Twenty-second day of July
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, No. 1940, I am therefore
desirous of disclaiming the several parts of my said Specification, and
altering the same so that it may not be capable of being so construed
as to include and claim what was included in the Specification of my
said former Letters Patent in manner herein-after appearing.
"
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Isaac Brown, by and with the leave
of Her Majesty's Attorney-General, and for the reasons aforesaid, do
hereby strike out of the Specification printed by the Queen's Printers,
and published at the Great Seal Patent Office in One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-two, that part commencing with the words
"wherein some occurring on page 4, line 3, and ending with the
words "may be " on the same page, line 13. I also strike out the
words "but in all cases they are to be," which occur on the said page 4,
line 15, and of substituting therefor the word "and." I also insert after
the words ", exposed by," which occur on the said page 4, line 17,
words "the peculiar." I also strike out the letter "s" from the words
"shields" and "plates," which occur on the same line, so as to make them
read "shield and "plate" respectively. I also insert after the word
"plate" on the same line the words "herein-after described," and after
the word " footpath," on line 19, the words "when such pipe is laid in
the centre of the street." I further, for the reasons aforesaid, strike out
the words "curved metal or other suitable," which occur on page 4,
"
the

page_text: "
line 25, and substitute therefor the word "The." I also strike out the
words commencing with "or the said " on line 30, and ending with the
words "play through" on line 32 of the said page 4 of the said printed
copy of the said Specification. I also strike out the whole of the
paragraph consisting of the first three lines on page 5 of the said printed
copy of the said Specification. I also insert after the words "of a road-
way," which occur on page 5, line 18, the words "to which I make no
claim as forming part of this my Invention.' I also strike out the
whole of the first paragraph on page 6, lines 1 to 5 inclusive of the said
printed copy of the said Specification. I also strike out the whole of
the first claim of my said Specification on page 6 of the said printed
copy. Also the word "second," which occurs on the same page, line 20.
I also insert in the second claim on page 6, line 21, after the words
pipes of" the words "the peculiar," and strike out the words "
other," which occur on the same line. I also add after the word
"described," which occurs on the same page, line 22, the words "and
illustrated by Figures 1, 2, and 4 of my Drawing." I also correct two
clerical errors in my said Specification by substiting for the word "to,"
which occurs on page 3, line 34, the word "for," and for the word
'making," which occurs on page 5, line 4, of the said printed copy
the said Specification the word "washing."
r
"
or
of
And in order that the effect of the said Disclaimer may be clearly
understood I annex hereunto a copy of the said Specification as it will
appear when so amended, the preamble and testing clauses being
omitted.
My said Invention relates to certain peculiar arrangements of
perforated or punctured soft metal pipes connected with hydrants, water
mains, or other source of supply, and suitably protected from being
injured by passing traffic, for the watering of streets, roads, and foot-
paths whereby the cost of watering is greatly reduced, and the operation
is accomplished in a more efficient manner than heretofore.
One of the essential features of this Invention consists in the
application and use to and in the watering of streets, roads, and foot-
paths of a punctured lead or other soft metal pipe laid in grooves or
channels, either in the roadway itself or at the sides along the kerbs, as
may be found most desirable, and protected from external injury at
those parts where the punctures) are [exposed by the peculiar metal or
other shield or protecting plate herein-after described, which should be

page_text: laid flush with or a little below the surface of the road, street, or foot-
path when such pipe is laid in the centre of the street.
According to the arrangement which I prefer to adopt when applying
my system to the existing pavement the said pipe is laid between the
kerb and the edge of the flagging or other foot pavement, and nicks
may be made at intervals in the kerb to allow the jet or jets to play in
the direction most suitable for efficient watering.
The shields having one or more openings or slots made therein are
placed over the pipe at each perforated or punctured part in order to
protect that part of the pipe from injury and at the same time allow
the jets to play freely, the said shields being fixed in position by means
of asphalte or any suitable cement or composition. Or the pipe may be
laid in a sunk groove or channel cut in the surface of the kerb with
nicks at intervals in the kerb on the side next the roadway so as not to
obstruct the jets. The punctured portions of the pipe are protected by
metal or other shields placed over them opposite each neck in the kerb,
the non-punctured portions of the pipe being covered with asphalte or
other suitable cement.
For washing the surface of the foot pavements of streets I propose to
lay my punctured soft metal pipes along the side of the pavement next
to the fronts of the houses, and to protect the punctured parts by shields
at suitable intervals. By this arrangement the jets will wash off or
flush the mud and dirt from the foot pavements directly into the street
gutters.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood, I
shall now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that
purpose shall refer to the several Figures on the annexed Sheet of
Drawings, the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in
all the Figures.
Figure 1 of the Drawings represents the application of my system of
street watering to existing pavements; Figure 2 shews the same applied
to a new pavement; and Figure 3 shews the pipe laid along the centre
of a roadway, to which I make no claim as forming part of this my
Invention.
A is a finely perforated or punctured lead or other soft metal pipe;
B is the kerb; and C, the flagging or asphalte of the foot pavement;

page_text: D is a perforated curved shield (shewn in perspective detached at
Figure 4), which shield serves to protect the group of fine perforations
or punctures made at suitable intervals along the soft metal pipe A.
In Figure 1 the pipe (which may be about one-and-a-half inches
external diameter) is laid nearly level with the top of the kerb, and is
situate between the back of the kerb and the front edge of the flagging
or other pavement C, the non-punctured portions being covered with a
layer of asphalte a, which also assists in keeping the shields in their
places. 6 represents a notch or nick made across the kerb to allow of
the free play of the jets at the most suitable angles into the roadway.
In Figure 2 the pipe A may be raised about half its diameter above
the top of the kerb, thereby obviating the necessity for making notches
or nicks 6 across the kerbs as the jet holes are above the surface of the
kerb. The flagging or other foot pavement C should in this case be
raised slightly above the level of the kerb, as shewn, so as to be about
level with the top of the pipe A, which may be covered over with
asphalte, as shewn.
When using the kerb pipes, as in Figures 1 and 2, they may be
arranged either so as to cast their jets to the opposite side of the
roadway, the jets crossing each other in the middle, or each side pipe
may cast its jets over its own side of the roadway, the two sets of jets
meeting in the middle, according to the width of the street or roadway to
be watered.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider
to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to
me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the combination
with the said punctured lead or other soft metal pipes of the peculiar
perforated metal shields, substantially as and for the purpose herein-
before described and illustrated by Figures 1, 2, and 4 of the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Isaac Brown, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of July, One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-four.
ISAAC BROWN. (L.S.)

page_text: I hereby grant my fiat, giving leave to the above-named named
Isaac Brown, to file in the Great Seal Patent Office, with the Speci-
fication to which the same relates, the above-written Disclaimer and
Memorandum of Alteration.
Dated this first day of August, One thousand eight hundred and

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ISAAC
BROWN, of Elm Croft Grange, Edinburgh, in the County of Mid Lothian,
North Britain, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of May, One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, No. 1511, did, for Herself,
Her heirs and successors, grant unto me, the said Isaac Brown,
Her special license that I, the said Isaac Brown, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Isaac Brown, my
executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and the Isle of Man, an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN WATERING STREETS AND ROADS, AND IN THE APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR
EFFECTING THE SAME," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the

page_text: said Isaac Brown, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said In-
ventions, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters.
Patent :
And whereas I, the said Isaac Brown, did prepare an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal purporting to declare the nature of the
said Invention, and what manner the same was to be performed, and
caused the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
Thirteenth day of November, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
two:
And whereas since the filing of the said Specification I have been
advised and have ascertained that my said Specification may be con-
strued as claiming parts of an earlier Invention of mine, for which
Letters Patent were granted to me on the Twenty-second day of July
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, No. 1940, I am therefore
desirous of disclaiming the several parts of my said Specification, and
altering the same so that it may not be capable of being so construed
as to include and claim what was included in the Specification of my
said former Letters Patent in manner herein-after appearing.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Isaac Brown, by and with the leave
of Her Majesty's Attorney-General, and for the reasons aforesaid, do
hereby strike out of the Specification printed by the Queen's Printers,
and published at the Great Seal Patent Office in One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-two, that part commencing with the words
"wherein some" occurring on page 4, line 3, and ending with the
words "may be" on the same page, line 13. I also strike out the
words “but in all cases they are to be," which occur on the said page 4,
line 15, and of substituting therefor the word "and." I also insert after
the words " exposed by," which occur on the said page 4, line 17, the
words "the peculiar." I also strike out the letter "8" from the words
"shields" and "plates," which occur on the same line, so as to make them
read "shield and "plate" respectively. I also insert after the word
"plate" on the same line the words "herein-after described," and after
the word "footpath," on line 19, the words "when such pipe is laid in
the centre of the street." I further, for the reasons aforesaid, strike out
the words "curved metal or other suitable," which occur on page 4,

page_text: line 25, and substitute therefor the word "The." I also strike out the
words commencing with "or the said" on line 30, and ending with the
words "play through" on line 32 of the said page 4 of the said printed
copy of the said Specification. I also strike out the whole of the
paragraph consisting of the first three lines on page 5 of the said printed
copy of the said Specification. I also insert after the words "of a road-
way," which occur on page 5, line 18, the words "to which I make no
claim as forming part of this my Invention." I also strike out the
whole of the first paragraph on page 6, lines 1 to 5 inclusive of the said
printed copy of the said Specification. I also strike out the whole of
the first claim of my said Specification on page 6 of the said printed
copy. Also the word "second," which occurs on the same page, line 20.
I also insert in the second claim on page 6, line 21, after the words
pipes of" the words "the peculiar," and strike out the words "
other," which occur on the same line. I also add after the word
"described," which occurs on the same page, line 22, the words "and
illustrated by Figures 1, 2, and 4 of my Drawing." I also correct two
clerical errors in my said Specification by substiting for the word " to,”
which occurs on page 3, line 34, the word "for," and for the word
'making," which occurs on page 5, line 4, of the said printed copy of
the said Specification the word "washing.”
<
or
And in order that the effect of the said Disclaimer may be clearly
understood I annex hereunto a copy of the said Specification as it will
appear when so amended, the preamble and testing clauses being
omitted.
My said Invention relates to certain peculiar arrangements of
perforated or punctured soft metal pipes connected with hydrants, water
mains, or other source of supply, and suitably protected from being
injured by passing traffic, for the watering of streets, roads, and foot-
paths whereby the cost of watering is greatly reduced, and the operation
is accomplished in a more efficient manner than heretofore.
One of the essential features of this Invention consists in the
application and use to and in the watering of streets, roads, and foot-
paths of a punctured lead or other soft metal pipe laid in grooves or
channels, either in the roadway itself or at the sides along the kerbs, as
may be found most desirable, and protected from external injury at
those parts where the punctures are exposed by the peculiar metal or
other shield or protecting plate herein-after described, which should be

page_text: laid flush with or a little below the surface of the road, street, or foot-
path when such pipe is laid in the centre of the street.
According to the arrangement which I prefer to adopt when applying
my system to the existing pavement the said pipe is laid between the
kerb and the edge of the flagging or other foot pavement, and nicks
may be made at intervals in the kerb to allow the jet or jets to play in
the direction most suitable for efficient watering.
The shields having one or more openings or slots made therein are
placed over the pipe at each perforated or punctured part in order to
protect that part of the pipe from injury and at the same time allow
the jets to play freely, the said shields being fixed in position by means
of asphalte or any suitable cement or composition. Or the pipe may be
laid in a sunk groove or channel cut in the surface of the kerb with
nicks at intervals in the kerb on the side next the roadway so as not to
obstruct the jets. The punctured portions of the pipe are protected by
metal or other shields placed over them opposite cach neck in the kerb,
the non-punctured portions of the pipe being covered with asphalte or
other suitable cement.
For washing the surface of the foot pavements of streets I propose to
lay my punctured soft metal pipes along the side of the pavement next
to the fronts of the houses, and to protect the punctured parts by shields
at suitable intervals. By this arrangement the jets will wash off or
flush the mud and dirt from the foot pavements directly into the street
gutters.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood, I
shall now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that
purpose shall refer to the several Figures on the annexed Sheet of
Drawings, the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in
all the Figures.
Figure 1 of the Drawings represents the application of my system of
street watering to existing pavements; Figure 2 shews the same applied
to a new pavement; and Figure 3 shews the pipe laid along the centre
of a roadway, to which I make no claim as forming part of this my
Invention.
A is a finely perforated or punctured lead or other soft metal pipe;
B is the kerb; and C, the flagging or asphalte of the foot pavement;

page_text: D is a perforated curved shield (shewn in perspective detached at
Figure 4), which shield serves to protect the group of fine perforations
or punctures made at suitable intervals along the soft metal pipe A.
In Figure 1 the pipe (which may be about one-and-a-half inches
external diameter) is laid nearly level with the top of the kerb, and is
situate between the back of the kerb and the front edge of the flagging
or other pavement C, the non-punctured portions being covered with a
layer of asphalte a, which also assists in keeping the shields in their
places. represents a notch or nick made across the kerb to allow of
the free play of the jets at the most suitable angles into the roadway.
In Figure 2 the pipe A may be raised about half its diameter above
the top of the kerb, thereby obviating the necessity for making notches
or nicks 6 across the kerbs as the jet holes are above the surface of the
kerb. The flagging or other foot pavement C should in this case be
raised slightly above the level of the kerb, as shewn, so as to be about
level with the top of the pipe A, which may be covered over with
asphalte, as shewn.
When using the kerb pipes, as in Figures 1 and 2, they may be
arranged either so as to cast their jets to the opposite side of the
roadway, the jets crossing each other in the middle, or each side pipe
may cast its jets over its own side of the roadway, the two sets of jets
meeting in the middle, according to the width of the street or roadway to
be watered.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider
to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to
me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the combination
with the said punctured lead or other soft metal pipes of the peculiar
perforated metal shields, substantially as and for the purpose herein-
before described and illustrated by Figures 1, 2, and 4 of the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Isaac Brown, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of July, One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-four.
ISAAC BROWN. (L.S.)

page_text: I hereby grant my fiat, giving leave to the above-named named
Isaac Brown, to file in the Great Seal Patent Office, with the Speci-
fication to which the same relates, the above-written Disclaimer and
Memorandum of Alteration.
Dated this first day of August, One thousand eight hundred and
RICHARD BAGGALLAY,
Attorney-General,
Lincoln's Inn.

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Isaac Brown, of Elm Croft Grange, Edinburgh,
in the County of Mid Lothian, North Britain, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WATERING STREETS AND ROADS AND IN THE APPARATUS
OR MEANS FOR EFFECTING THE SAME."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Isaac Brown at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th May 1872.
I, ISAAC BROWN, of Elm Croft Grange, Edinburgh, in the County of
Mid Lothian, North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of my said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WATERING STREETS AND ROADS AND
THE APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR EFFECTING THE SAME," to be as follows:-
IN
This Invention relates to certain peculiar arrangements of perforated
pipes suitably protected from injury from passing traffic, to the watering
of streets and roads, whereby the cost of watering is greatly reduced
and the operation is accomplished in a more efficient manner than here-
tofore.

page_text: One of the essential features of this, Invention consists in the
application and use to and in the watering of streets and roads of
a perforated lead or soft metal pipe, wherein some of the perforations
consist, by preference of lancet-shaped punctures, whilst others may
be of a lozenge or diamond shape; but I do not confine myself to
any shape of punctured hole, the object being to obtain a fine shower
or spray, whereby a uniform distribution of the water over the surface
so obtained, whilst the pipe being of lead or soft metal is not liable
to injury from oxidation. These punctured lead or soft metal pipes
are to be laid in grooves or channels either in the roadway itself or
at the sides along the curbs, but in all cases they are to be protected
from external injury at those parts where the punctures are exposed,
by metal or other shields or protecting plates which should be laid
flush with or a little below the surface of the road or street.
According to the arrangement which I prefer to adopt, the said pipe
is laid between the curb and the edge of the flagging, nicks being made
at intervals in the curb to allow the jet or jets to play as near horizontal
as may be required.
Curved metal shields having an opening or slot made therein are
placed over the pipe at each perforated part, in order to allow the
jets to play freely, the said shields being fixed in position by means
of asphalte or any suitable cement or composition. Or the said pipe
may be laid in a recess or rebate cut along the edge of the curbs,
and protected by a continuous shield having slots made at intervals
therein for the jets to play through. Or the pipe may be laid in a
sunk groove or channel cut in the surface of the curb with nicks at
intervals in the curb on the side next the roadway, so as not to obstruct
the jets. The punctured portions of the pipe are protected by metal
or other shields placed over them opposite each nick in the curb, the
non-punctured portions of the pipe being covered with asphalte or other
suitable cement.
Although I prefer to use in all cases punctured lead or soft metal
pipes, it is obvious that other perforated pipes might be laid down and
protected in the manner herein-before described for the purpose

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Isaac Brown in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 13th November 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ISAAC
BROWN, of Elm Croft Grange, Edinburgh, in the County of Mid
Lothian, North Britain, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the 35th
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Isaac Brown, Her special license that I,
the said Isaac Brown, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Isaac Brown, my executors, administrators,
or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WATERING STREETS
AND ROADS AND IN THE APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR EFFECTING THE SAME," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Isaac Brown, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Isaac Brown, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings
and to the letters and figures marked thereon that is to say :-
My said Invention relates to certain peculiar arrangements of per-
forated or punctured soft metal pipes connected with hydrants, water
mains, or other source of supply, and suitably protected from being
injured by passing traffic, to the watering of streets, roads, and footpaths,
whereby the cost of watering is greatly reduced and the operation is
accomplished in a more efficient manner than heretofore.

page_text: One of the essential features of this Invention consists in the
application and use to and in the watering of streets, roads, and
footpaths, of a punctured lead or other soft metal pipe, wherein some
of the holes consist by preference of lancet-shaped punctures, whilst
others may be of a lozenge or diamond shape; but I do not confine a
myself to any shape of punctured hole, the object being to spread
the jet or jets in the form of a fine shower or spray, whereby a
uniform distribution of the water over the surface is obtained, whilst
the pipe being of lead or soft metal is not liable to injury from
oxidation; moreover, by using very fine perforations or punctures in
the soft metal pipe the water may be conveyed along such pipe to
a considerable distance from its junction with the hydrant or main.
These punctured lead or soft metal pipes may be laid in grooves or
channels either in the roadway itself or at the sides along the kerbs
as may be found most desirable, but in all cases they are to be pro-
tected from external injury at those parts where the punctures are
exposed, by metal or other shields or protecting plates which should
be laid flush with or a little below the surface of the road, street, or
footpath.
According to the arrangement which I prefer to adopt when applying
my system to the existing pavement, the said pipe is laid between the
kerb and the edge of the flagging or other foot pavement, and nicks
may be made at intervals in the kerb to allow the jet or jets to play
in the direction most suitable for efficient watering.
Curved metal or other suitable shields having one or more openings
or slots made therein are placed over the pipe at each perforated or
punctured part in order to protect that part of the pipe from injury,
and at the same time allow the jets to play freely, the said shields
being fixed in position by means of asphalte or any suitable cement
or composition. Or the said pipe may be laid in a recess or rebate
cut along the edge of the kerbs and protected by a continuous shield
having slots made at intervals therein for the jets to play through. Or
the pipe may be laid in a sunk groove or channel cut in the surface of
the kerb with nicks at intervals in the kerb on the side next the road-
way, so as not to obstruct the jets. The punctured portions of the pipe
are protected by metal or other shields placed over them opposite each
nick in the kerb, the non-punctured portions of the pipe being covered
with asphalte or other suitable cement.

page_text: In the case of footpaths or roads where kerbs are not employed, the
said punctured pipes may be laid in the turf at one or both sides, and
protected from injury at the punctured parts by shields.
For making the surface of the foot pavements of streets, I propose to
lay my punctured soft metal pipes along the side of the pavement next
to the fronts of the houses, and to protect the punctured parts by shields
at suitable intervals. By this arrangement the jets will wash off or
flush the mud and dirt from the foot pavements directly into the street
gutters.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood, I shall
now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that pur-
pose shall refer to the several Figures on the annexed Sheet of Drawings,
the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in all the
Figures.
Figure 1 of the Drawings represents the application of my system of
street watering to existing pavements; Figure 2 shews the same applied
to a new pavement; and Figure 3 shews the pipe laid along the centre
of a roadway.
A is a finely perforated or punctured lead or other soft metal pipe;
B is the kerb, and C the flagging or asphalte of the foot pavement;
D is a perforated curved shield (shown in perspective, detached, at
Figure 4), which shield serves to protect the group of fine perforations
or punctures made at suitable intervals along the soft metal pipe A.
In Figure 1 the pipe (which may be about one and a half inches
external diameter) is laid nearly level with the top of the kerb, and is
situate between the back of the kerb and the front edge of the flagging
or other pavement C, the non-punctured portions being covered with a
layer of asphalte a, which also assists in keeping the shields in their
places; b represents a notch or nick made across the kerb to allow of
the free play of the jets at the most suitable angles into the roadway.
In Figure 2 the pipe A may be raised about half its diameter above
the top of the kerb, thereby obviating the necessity for making notches
or nicks 6 across the kerbs, as the jet holes are above the surface of the
kerb. The flagging or other foot pavement C should in this case be
raised slightly above the level of the kerb, as shown, so as to be about
level with the top of the pipe A, which may be covered over with
asphalte, as shown.

page_text: In Figure 3 the pipe is sunk in a groove or channel made along the
centre or other convenient part of the roadway, and is protected at the
punctured parts by a shield D, which allows of free play to the jets
from both sides of the pipe, so as to water both sides of the street
simultaneously.
When using the kerb pipes as in Figures 1 and 2 they may be
arranged either so as to cast their jets to the opposite side of the
roadway, the jets crossing each other in the middle, or each side pipe
may cast its jets over its own side of the roadway, the two sets of jets
meeting in the middle according to the width of the street or roadway
to be watered.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider
to be novel and original and therefore claim as the Invention secured to
me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
First. The application and use to and in the watering of roads, streets,
footpaths, and other places open to traffic, of punctured lead or other
soft metal pipes arranged substantially as herein-before described.
Second. The combination with the said punctured lead or other soft :
metal pipes of perforated metal or other shields, substantially as and for
the purpose herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Isaac Brown, have to this my
Specification set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of Novem-
ber One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
ISAAC BROWN. (L.S.)