Improvements in Apparatus for Heating Liquids.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd May, 1899-Accepted, 15th July, 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Heating Liquids.
We, EDWIN RUTHVEN WATERMAN, D.D.S., and ROBERT REID MORISON,
Electrician, both of No. 1833, Polk Street, in the City and County of San Francisco,
State of California, U.S.A., do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our invention relates to an apparatus which is especially designed for heating
liquids.
It consists of a suitably supported containing vessel with an interior or centrally
disposed double-walled chamber, and a means for applying an electric or other
heat through this inner chamber whereby the water surrounding and within its
interior, is exposed to the heat, and the temperature rapidly raised to any desired
point.
The heating device may be introduced and removed from below, to lie between
the double walls and this inner chamber, so as to act through both the inner and
outer walls.
Our invention also comprises details of construction which will be more fully
explained by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of the apparatus. Fig. 2 is a view showing one
form of heater adapted for this use.
A is the exterior containing vessel which in the present case is shown in the
form of a cylinder closed at top and bottom and having a draw off cock B at one
side.
Water may be supplied to this chamber by any suitable connecting pipe from
a source of supply (this not being shown).
Within a chamber or vessel A and centrally secured to the bottom, is a double-
walled chamber C extending upward within the outer vessel and having a closed
top.
The bottom of the outer vessel has an opening made in it of a shape to receive
the bottom of tliis double walled chamber which is soldered or otherwise
hermetically sealed to the bottom of the vessel A, leaving an opening from below
which coincides with the shape of the interior chamber C, and forms a communica-
tion with the space between the double walls.
These double walls are separated at one or more points, so that as constructed
this chamber is in horizontal section of an arched or horse-shoe form, with an
opening extending along one side as at c communicating freely with the interior
of the outer vessel A, so that when. the latter is filled with water or other fluid
to be heated, this fluid can pass freely around and into the interior portion of the
inner chamber, the bottom of this central portion of the chamber being closed and
coincident with the bottom of the outer chamber, while the open channel from
below connects with the space between the outer and inner walls of this chamber C.
This construction provides for a rapid diffusion of heat from both the outer and
he inner walls of the chamber C since the fluid will be in contact with hath and

page_text: heat from any heating device supplied from between these walls, produces the
required result.
We have here shown as convenient for this purpose an electrical heater which
may be of any well known or suitable description.
In the present case, we have shown the heater as curved into a C shape to fit
the curvature of the space between the outer and inner walls of the chamber C,
and it consists of a core wound with wire having a sufficient resistance to the
electrical current which is to be passed through it so that the temperature will
be raised and the heat thus applied to the entire interior surface between the
walls of the chamber C
This heating coil is made as shown at D and is properly insulated by mica
or other insulating covering which separates it from actual contact with the walls
of the chamber into which it is introduced.
Wires E connect the coil with suitable terminals and any well known or desired
form of switch, as at F, may be employed to apply the electrical current or cut
it off.
With this construction it is only necessary to apply the electrical current
through the coil and the heat therefrom will be rapidly disseminated through the
walls of the surrounding chamber, and a body of liquid within can be heated to
any desired degree.
A thermometer may be attached to the heater as shown at G which will show
the temperature of the liquid and the electrical current may be cut off whenever
the desired temperature has been reached.
The conducting capacity of the surrounding chamber, C will maintain the heat
for a considerable time, and it can be added to at intervals by turning on the
current as needed.
For convenience for such purposes as the device may be used, I have shown a
bracket with a receiver H into which the vessel A may be set, being a central
opening in the part H through which the conducting wires pass as shown.
A cup may also be supported beneath the faucet by means of a hanger I.
The heating coil is introduced into the channel of the chamber C from below,
and may be locked therein by a key as shown at J, this key being removed allows
the coil to be taken out at any time.
The parts are all insulated to prevent any short-circuiting.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:
1st. A fluid heating apparatus consisting of a containing vessel, a central
annular double walled chamber, the inner portion of which is in open communica-
tion with the main chamber and has a bottom coincident therewith, openings
made through the bottom of the main chamber coincident with the space between
the walls of the heating chamber and a heater adapted to be introduced into said
space.
2nd. A fluid heating apparatus consisting of an exterior containing vessel,
a double walled segmental chamber having a central space in open communication
with the main chamber, a bottom to sail central space corresponding with the
bottom of the main chamber, an open communication through the bottom of the
main chamber with the annular space enclosed by the double walls of the inner
chamber, and an electrical heater fitting said annular space.
3rd. A fluid heating apparatus consisting of an exterior containing vessel,
a central segmental chamber having double walls, the space between which is
closed at the top and an open communication through the bottom of the main
chamber, an interior space enclosed by the inner wall of said chamber and an
open communication with the main chamber, an electrical heating device
corresponding in shape with the space between the walls of the inner chamber,
a locking device whereby it is removably held in position therein and means for

page_text: insulating it from the walls of the chamber, conducting wires through which an
electrical current is passed through the heater, and a
cutting off the current.
means for applying or
4th. A water heating apparatus comprising an outer containing vessel, a
double walled centrally disposed chamber, the central portion having open com-
munication with the main chamber and the annular space between the walls
opening through the bottom of the main chamber, a bracket and supporting base
for the device having a central opening through which electrical conducting wires
pass, a key or switch by which an electric current is applied or cut off and a
support therefor connecting with the base upon which the heater is carried.
5th. A fluid heating apparatus consisting of a main containing chamber having
a draw off faucet at the bottom, an annular double-walled central chamber, an
electrical heating device removably fitted thereto as shown, a bracket and base
support for the apparatus with a central opening for the passage of the electrical
conducting wires, the switch or key connecting therewith, a rim or flange sur-
rounding the base having a channel in the front through which the faucet passes
and which locks the parts in their relative position, and a cup-holding bracket
suspended from said channel beneath the faucet.
Dated this 3rd day of May 1899.
For the Applicants,
GEDGE & FEENY,
Chartered Patent Agents,
60, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.