Improvements in and relating to Pneumatic or Inflated Tyres.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Sept., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 14th June, 1892-Accepted, 16th July, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Pneumatic or Inflated Tyres.
I LEOPOLD HOLT of Gilston Road South Kensington, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentlemau, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to tyres adapted to be inflated with air or gas under
pressure, and it consists in interposing between that part of the tyre intended
to contain the air or gas under pressure, and that part intended to come in
contact with the road, a film or pad of any suitable composition which will
liquify under excessive heat, the object being to facilitate the repair of the tyre
after it is punctured.
I attain this end in the following manner :-In building up the tyre which
may be constructed by any of the well-known methods-I form between that
part of the tyre adapted to receive and contain the air or gas and that part
forming the outer sheath or tread of the tyre and adapted to come in contact
with the ground, a chamber extending round the entire circumference of the tyre
and as far round it transversely as may be found necessary. If desired this
chamber may be subdivided but so far as I am at present aware no object is
to be gained by this subdivision.
This chamber is filled with an elastic substance composed of glycerine, glucose,
and glue or gum, or any combination of similar substances or ingredients which
will give an elastic substance capable of being liquified by the application of
heat, it being essential that the composition contains such a proportion of glue,
gum, or its equivalent as will prevent the substance liquifying under the ordinary
heat to which the tyres of velocipedes are subjected.
When a tyre is punctured and the puncture has been located, heat is applied
to it to liquify the substance forming the film or pad, the pressure in the tyre
being relieved if it has not already become so due to the puncture. Immediately
the substance forming the film or pad is liquified, the heat is removed and the
tyre at once cooled to solidify the substance, which thus repairs the puncture
between that part of the tyre containing the air, and the outer sheath or tread
thereof.
Dated thin 11th of Qamonahan 1001
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Pneumatic or Inflated Tyres.
I LEOPOLD HOLT of Gilston Road, South Kensington, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to tyres adapted to be inflated with air or gas under
pressure, and it consists in placing in any convenient position in the tyre a
film or pad of any suitable composition which will liquify under excessive heat,
the object being to facilitate the repair of the tyre after it is punctured.
I attain this end in the following manner:-In building up the tyre which

page_text: may be constructed by any of the well-known methods, I place within the tyre
a film or pad of elastic composition which extends round the entire circumference
of the tyre and as far round it transversely as may be found necessary.
The elastic composition consists of glycerine, glucose, and glue, either with or
without a gum, or of any combination of similar substances or ingredients in
such proportions as will produce an elastic substance capable of being liquified
by. the application of heat, it being essential that the composition contains such
a proportion of glue, or its equivalent as will prevent the substance liquifying
under the ordinary heat to which the tyres of velocipedes are subjected.
A suitable composition consists of glycerine 8 parts, glucose 1 part, glue
2 parts. The glue I prefer to use is that known as marine glue as it is not so
effected by moisture. I do not bind myself to these ingredients, as any suitable
equivalents may be used.
To these ingredients I sometimes add gums of the resinous type. I find that
a film or pad formed of this composition is naturally so elastic that small
puncture holes automatically close, and that the greater the pressure in the
tyre the more securely the said holes are closed. To prevent the flow of this
composition when it is liquified by the application of heat to close a puncture,
I sometimes mix with the composition shreds of any suitable fibrous material,
shreds of rubber being most suitable as they do not impair the elasticity of the
film or pad. To the same end I sometimes subdivide the film or pad by means
of walls or diaphragms formed in or on the wall of the tyre, chamber, or part
thereof against which the film or pad is placed.
In applying the film or pad to tyres of the solid wall tyre such as the
"Boothroyd," I prefer to place the said film or pad in the interior of the tyre
against the exterior part thereof, but it may be placed between the layers of
the tyre if desired.
In tyres consisting of a separate jacket and an air tube, either with or
without a separate canvas tube or jacket, the film or pad may be placed either
within the air tube, between the air tube and the outer jacket, between
the air tube and the canvas tube or jacket, or between the canvas tube
or jacket and the outer jacket, the latter being the preferable position.
The film or pad may be either stuck to the tyre, or part thereof, by glue
or rubber cement, or it may be enclosed in a suitable chamber formed on
or in the said tyre or part thereof. A convenient method of making and
applying this film or pad is to mould it on a straight length of canvas backing,
and then to attach the canvas backing to the interior of the tyre, or part
thereof, so that the canvas backing is nearest to the tread of the tyre. This
has the effect of compressing the composition forming the film or pad and assists
the natural elasticity of it to close small holes.
When a tyre is punctured and the hole will not automatically close, heat is
applied by a hot plate or other device to the part punctured to liquify the
substance forming the film or pad, the pressure within the tyre being relieved
if the tyre has not already become deflated. Immediately the substance forming
the film or pad is liquified at the point of puncture the heat is removed and
the tyre at once cooled to solidify the substance, which thus repairs the
puncture between that part of the tyre containing the air, and the outer sheath
or tread thereof.
When I place the elastic film or pad between the chamber or tube containing
the air and the outer cover or jacket, I may leave it loose and not attach it
to either part, and in such cases I sometimes so place this film or pad that I
can move it circumferentially round with respect to either or both the air tube
or chamber or the outer jacket, or move either the air tube or chamber or the
outer jacket, or both, with respect to the said film or pad, so that the place of
puncture in the various parts may not coincide. This movement is sometimes
sufficient to heal or close a puncture and when it is necessary to liquify the

page_text: film or pad it prevents the liquid working through the punctures in the outer
jacket, or in the air tube, by removing the part of the film or pad to be
liquified from such punctures.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improvements in and relating to pneumatic tyres, as hereinbefore
described.
2. In a pneumatic tyre, the use of an elastic film or pad, composed, arranged, and
operating, as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.
3. In a pneumatic tyre, the use of an elastic film or pad of any suitable com-
position which will retain its elasticity under all conditions, and which under the
influence of excessive heat will liquify, as and for the purpose set forth.
4. The combination with a pneumatic tyre of the solid wall class, of an elastic
film or pad of composition, as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.
5. The combination with a pneumatic tyre consisting of an outer jacket and a
separate air tube or chamber, of an elastic film or pad of composition, as and for the
purpose hereinbefore set forth.
6. The combination with a pneumatic tyre consisting of an outer jacket, a separate
air tube, and a canvas jacket or wrapper, of an elastic film or pad of composition, as
and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.
7. In a pneumatic tyre, the combination of an outer cover or jacket (with or
without a separate canvas jacket or wrapper), of a separate air tube or chamber,
and of a film or pad of elastic composition as hereinbefore described, placed between
the said outer cover, or jacket and the said air tube or chamber, and so arranged
that it may be moved circumferentially round the wheel with respect to the said
outer cover or jacket and air tube or chamber, or so that either or both the said outer
cover or jacket and the said air tube or chamber can be moved circumferentially
with respect to it, as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.
Dated this 14th dow of Tn 1000
ROBT. ED. PHILLIPS, M.I.M.E.,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.