IMPROVEMENTS IN SHADES OR GLASSES FOR GAS AND OTHER LAMPS, AND IN THE SUPPORTS OF THE SAID SHADES OR GLASSES
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Patstone, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Warehouse Clerk, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SHADES OR GLASSES FOR GAS AND OTHER LAMPS, AND IN THE SUPPORTS OF THE
SAID SHADES OR GLASSES."
Sealed the 7th June 1859, and dated the 14th March 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Patstone at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th March 1859.
I, THOMAS PATSTONE, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Ware-
house Clerk, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SHADES OR GLASSES FOR GAS AND OTHER LAMPS, AND IN THE SUPPORTS
OF THE SAID SHADES OR GLASSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of the method herein-after explained of covering the
upper parts of shades or glasses for the purpose of steadying the flame in
the said shades or glasses and effecting perfect combustion, and of the
method, also herein-after explained, of supporting the covers. The covers
which I employ are dome-shaped, and made by preference of glass. I support
the dome upon a metal support, which constitutes a sort of lining in the
interior of the dome. The edge of the said support or lining is of greater
diameter than the dome and is turned up, and in the turned-up edge of the
support the edge of the dome rests; the support is perforated with holes,
through which the hot air rising from the flame passes. In case the dome is

page_text: broken from any cause, the fragments are caught upon the support and pre-
vented from falling and breaking the shade or glass. The parts described
may be supported either upon the top of the shade or glass, or by means of a
rod from the gas pipe or lamp stand passing up through the shade or glass, or
on the outside, and carrying at its top the metal lining of the dome; or the
said metal lining may rest upon the top of the shade or glass by means of
short supports or legs affixed to the edge of the said lining. Although I prefer
to make the dome of glass, the said dome as well as the lining may be made of
any other substance not affected by the heat to which it will be exposed.
I sometimes perforate the dome as well as its lining, in which case I take care
that the perforations in the dome are not opposite to those in the lining.
Instead of making the holder on which the shade is supported of metal, I
make the said holder of glass, by which the shadow of the ordinary holder is
avoided.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Patstone in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
12th September 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
PATSTONE, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Warehouse Clerk,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Thomas Patstone, Her special licence that I, the said Thomas
Patstone, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Thomas Patstone, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ire-
land, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN SHADES OR GLASSES FOR GAS AND OTHER LAMPS, AND IN THE SUPPORTS
OF THE SAID SHADES OR GLASSES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Thomas Patstone, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,

page_text: and in what manner, the same was to be performed, and cause the sanie to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Patstone, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
My Invention consists of the method herein-after described and illustrated
in the accompanying Drawing, of covering the upper part of the shades or
glasses for gas and other lamps, for the purpose of steadying the flame in the
said shades or glasses and effecting perfect combustion, and of the method
herein-after described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing of sup-
porting the covers.
My Invention further consists of the improvement in supports for the shades
or glasses of gas and other lamps, herein-after described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawing.
Figure 1 of the Drawing represents in elevation a gas shade or glass with a
a is the ordinary
cover. made and supported according to my Invention.
shade or glass, upon the upper part of which the cover b is supported, the said
cover. 6 being, of a dome-like figure, as represented, or the said cover may.
have any other.ornamental figure. The said cover b is supported on a metal
support c, which said metal support constitutes a sort of lining in the interior
of the dome or cover b. Figure 2 represents separately in vertical section the
said dome 6 supported on the support c; and Figure 3 represents a plan of
the upper side of the support c. The edge of the support or lining c is of
greater diameter than the cover or dome 6, and the said edge is turned up, as
shown at d, and in the turned-up edge of the said support the cover or dome b
rests, as represented. The support or lining c is perforated with holes, through
which holes the heated air and products of combustion from the flame pass.
The said support or lining c is supported on the top of the shade or glass a by
the short legs or projections e, e, the parts e², e, of the said legs resting on the
edge of the shade or glass. The parts &, &, may be made of an ornamental
form. In case the dome 6 is broken from any cause, the fragments are caught
upon the metal support or lining c, and prevented from falling and breaking
the shade or glass a. Although I prefer to support the metal. lining c upon.
the top of the shade or glass a by means of the short legs or projections e, e,
as represented, and which method of supporting the said lining answers very
well, yet I sometimes support the lining c upon the top of the shade or glass
by means of a rod from the gas pipe or lamp stand, the said rod either passing

page_text: up through the shade or glass, or being external to the said shade or glass;
and carrying at its top the metal lining or support c. When I apply this
part of my Invention to the shades or glasses of lamps that require the shades
or glasses to bo wholly closed at bottom, such, for example, as ball lamps, I
prefer to make the shade or glass in the manner represented in side elevation
in Figure 4. The gas is supplied to the interior of the shade by the pipe f
the supply of gas thereto being regulated by the stop-cock g. I make the
bottom part of the shade i turn upon a joint or hinge at k, and fix the said
bottom when closed, by the catch L. By means of the said moveable
bottom h, access to the interior of the shade for the purpose of igniting the
gas can readily be obtained without removing the dome or cover m and
support n. The construction of the dome m and support n in Figure 4 does
not differ in any respect from the construction of the dome b and support c
represented in Figure 1.
Although I prefer to make the dome 6 of glass, and to make the support or
lining c of metal, yet the said domo, as well as the support or lining, may be
made of any other substance not injuriously affected by the heat to. which it
will be exposed. When I make the dome or cover 6 of glass, I prefer to
make the said dome or cover by the process of "pressing," and I prefer that
an additional quantity of oxide of lead be added to the glass, by which the
risk of fracture of the said dome by sudden cooling is lessened. I sometimes
perforate the dome or cover b in addition to perforating the support or lining c,
in which case I take care that the perforations in tho. dome are not opposite
those in the lining. By this arrangement the heated air and products of
combustion escape more readily, and without impairing the steadiness of the
flame, than when the said dome is not perforated. Instead of making the
holder or support on which the shade or glass of gas and other lamps is
supported of metal, I make the said holder or support of glass, by which the
shadow of the ordinary holder is avoided and a more ornamental appearance
imparted to the shade or glass.
This part of my Invention is illustrated in Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8 of the
accompanying Drawing; Figure 5 representing in side elevation (partly in
section) a shade or glass to which this part of my Invention is applied;
Figure 6 representing in section, Figure 7 in plan, and Figure 8 in side
elevation, the said support separately. The said support is marked o, and rests
on the flange p of the collar p', the said collar being screwed upon tho' gas
pipe, and at the required distance below the burner. The said support is
held upon the flange p³ by a screwed washer p³. The shade or glass q is held
in the support by the annular projection or bottom of the shade or

page_text: glass q resting in the support, as represented in Figure 5. The said sup-
port is perforated with holes, as represented, through which the air for
supporting the combustion of the flame in the shade or glass 9 passes.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit
myself to the precise details herein described and illustrated, as the same
may be varied without departing from the nature of my Invention; but I
claim as my Invention,―
Firstly, the improvements in shades or glasses for gas and other lamps
herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, that
is to say, covering the upper part of the shade or glass with a dome or other
shaped cover, carried by and supported upon a lining or support perforated
with holes, the said lining or support carrying the cover resting either on the
edge of the shade or glass or being supported upon the top of a rod from
the gas pipe or lamp stand.
Secondly, the improvement in the supports or holders of shades or glasses
for gas and other lamps herein-before described and illustrated in the accom-
panying Drawing, that is to say, making the said supports or holders of glass,
by which the shadow of the ordinary holder is avoided and an ornamental
appearance given to the shade or glass.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Patstone, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Tenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
THOMAS PATSTONE. (L.B.)