CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY, CALLED ROVING, FRAMES, FOR ROVING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1833

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE. PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer; send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Eleventh day of July, in the fourth year of His reign, did,
for Himself, His- heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Newton, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said William Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said William Newton, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times during the term of years therein mentioned, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, an Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY, CALLED ROVING, FRAMES, FOR ROVING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES," communicated to me by a foreigner residing abroad; in which
said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that I, the said William Newton,
shall cause a particular description of the nature of the said "Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His said
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and

page_text: immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Newton, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, is particularly described and
ascetained, in and by the following description thereof, reference being had
to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon (that is to say) :-
These improvements in machinery called roving frames, for roving cotton
and other fibrous substances, consist in a peculiar mechanism for, and mode
or method of winding filaments of cotton or other fibrous materials into cops
or rolls in the state of preparation called rovings, such rovings of filaments
being intended to be afterwards elongated and spun into yarns by the opera-
tions of the mule, jenny, or throstle, or other spinning machinery.
In this improved roving frame I substitute, in place of each spindle and
flyer of the ordinary bobbin and fly frame or other roving machinery, an
apparatus consisting of a slight frame or carriage which supports a vibrating
guide, with certain rollers for conducting to and winding the roving in a
compact state on to the bobbin. This apparatus is denominated a Waltzer
spindle.
The accompanying Drawing represents one of the improved Waltzer
spindles detached from the roving frame, as it would appear in different
positions.
Figure 1 may be considered as the front view; Figure 2, the back view;
and Figures 3 and 4 are vertical sections, the side of the carriage being
removed, for the purpose of shewing the ends of the rollers and other parts
more perfectly.
ings
The several other detached Figures I shall explain hereafter. The Draw-
are made on a scale of about half the real size, and the several letters
refer to corresponding parts in all the Figures.
These Waltzer spindles are adapted for and may be applied to the various
kinds of known machinery for producings rovings, having draft rollers above in
the manner of the bobbin and fly frame, and are capable of winding masses of
roving on to bobbins without flanges, not in the ordinary shape of the bobbin
cops, but in short thick cylindrical rolls with conical ends, such rolls containing
very considerable lengths of roving, which will readily unwind and deliver in
the creel of the mule or other spinning machine, and will occupy less room in
height than is required by the usual cops.

page_text: A parellel frame or carriage a, a, a, of iron or other metal connected at top
and bottom supports the axles of the winding roller and its driving gear.
This frame or carriage is attached at bottom to the spindle b, and at top to the
tube or hollow neck c, upon which spindle and neck as pivots the whole of the
piece of mechanism is intended to revolve. At d is represented a portion of
the lower rail of the machine, upon which the spindle 6 is supported, turning,
as usual, upon its lower pivot in the cup e. A portion of the upper rail of the
machine is also shewn at f, wherein the neck c is held by a loop, as seen in
the top view, Figure 6. The front pair of drawing rollers are represented
above at g, from whence the filament of roving is delivered and passes down
through the tube c to the wooden bobbin h. The bobbin bears upon the periphery
of the winding roller i, and as that roller revolves, the bobbin is made to revolve
also by the friction of contact, which causes the filament of roving to be pro-
gressively wound upon the bobbin. A pulley k is fixed upon the lower part of
the spindle b, for the purpose of driving the spindle by a cord, as usual, which
gives rotary motion to the carriage a, a, and its appendages. A similar pulley
is fixed upon a short tube m that turns freely round the spindle, which pulley
is driven also by a cord giving rotary motion to the tube m and the gear
connected thereto, independently of that by which the spindle is turned. The
axle of the winding roller i passes through circular holes in the sides of the
carriage, and is confined therein by caps or collars; at one extremity of this axle
a toothed wheel n is affixed, taking into a pinion below on one end of the short
axle o. The reverse end of this short axle carries a bevel pinion taking into a
similar bevel pinion fixed to the rim of the short tube m; hence it will
be perceived that the rotary motion given to the pulley and tube m will
be communicated through the gearing last described to the winding roller
i, and causes that roller to turn upon its axis. The bobbin h may be a
cylindrical tube of wood without flanges, having a weighted axle passed through
it, which is for the purpose of causing the bobbin to bear heavily upon the
periphery of the winding roller in order to create friction at the parts in
contact. The axle of the bobbin turns in slots in the sides of the carriage a, a,
which enables it to rise as the accumulation of roving wound upon the
bobbin increases its diameter. In Figures 1 and 3 the naked bobbin is shewn
bearing upon the winding roller; in Figures 2 and 4 the bobbin is shewn
partly filled with roving, and consequently raised up from the winding roller.
The end of the cord of filaments or roving being conducted from the front
drawing rollers g through the tube c, it is brought between the winding roller i
and bobbin h, and passed round the bobbin upon which it necessarily winds as
the bobbin revolves by its contact with the winding roller. But in order to

page_text: 99, is
lay the rounds of roving in regular succession side by side upon the bobbin,
and form the cop or roll of roving in a suitable shape, a vibrating guide is
employed, which is constructed and made to act in the following manner :-
From a bracket p at the top of the carriage a, a, bent. arm or lever
suspended by a joint, at the lower extremity of which arm. there is a tooth
working in a spiral groove cut round the periphery of the winding roller i;
this tooth is shewn detached in two. positions at Figures 7 and 8. As the
winding roller i revolves, its spiral groove leads the tooth, and with it the arm
or. lever
, to and fro in.lateral directions, producing that vibrating action of the
arm which is essential to its guiding the cord of roving uniformly upon the
bobbin. There is a barj placed behind the end of the vibrating. leyer q to
prevent the tooth rising out of the groove. A brace or stretchers attached to
the, sides of the carriage a supports the joint of a smaller arm or levert. This
lever has two pieces u, u, affixed to its back, having holes or eyes in which a
rod v. slides.up and down... The lower end of this rod v. carries a swivel guide
w (shewn detached at Figures 9 and. 10), and the two levers q and t are con-
nected by a pin and slot joint ... The cord of roving descending into the
Waltzer's spindle by the tube c, is passed first through the wire eye or guide y
at the upper part of the frame, and then through a similar wire guide at the
lower part of the front of the lever t, and ultimately through the swivel guide
w, by which it is immediately led to the..bobbin. It will now be understood,
that by the rotation of the pulley & the spindle with the carriage and bobbin is
made to revolve horizontally, and to give that slight degree of twist to the cord
of filaments as it descends which is required in making rovings; and it will
also be perceived that by the rotation of, the pulley 1, the gear is driven which
gives rotary motion to the winding roller in a vertical direction, and produces
the taking up or winding of the roving upon the bobbin by the friction of the
two surfaces of h and i. In order to obtain sufficient tension to wind the roving
tight upon the bobbin after conducting the roving through the wire eye of the
guide w, it may be passed once or twice-round the projecting pin of the swivel,
and then through the small hole in the swivel piece; but as the traversing the
swivel piece upon the surface of the cop would be subject to inconvenience by
occasionally catching in the roving, I avoid bringing the swivel piece in.contact
with the cop, by introducing an axle or rod z, the ends of which slide loosely
in the slots of the carriage in the same way as the axle of the bobbin. This
axle or rod constantly. bears upon, the bobbin or upon the upper part of the
cop of roving, rising according to the increasing diameter of the cop, and
thereby forms a smooth firm surface for the swivel guide w to, traverse upon.
It will, however, be necessary to keep the swivel guide always in the same

page_text: position, and for this purpose, a small pin is passed through the levert into
a long groove cut in the guide rod v, by which means the rod and the guide will
be prevented from turning round; and in order that the swivel piece w shall
always keep the same horizontal position, it is made to turn or swivel upon a
pin in the rod v that carries it, as shewn, by the detached. Figures 9 and 10.
By the mode. in which the levers, or, arms.q and t are constructed, and, the
sliding rod v.of the swivel guide connected thereto, it will be perceived that as:
the cop of roving increases in diameter, the swivel guide.wwill be raised; and
the extent of its vibrating movement will be contracted consequently; though
the guide at first lays the rovings in coils round the bobbin from end to end,
yet as the increasing diameter of the cop raises the guide, the angle of its
vibratory movement will be diminished, and the traverse being progressively
shortened, the ends of the cop will assume conical forms, as shewn in Figures
2 and 4, and in the detached Figures 11 and 12, which represent a section and
end view of a cop or roll of roving when complete. These last-mentioned
Figures also shew the manner in which the bobbins may be weighted by a
cylinder of lead filling the interior (the axle passing through the middle),
which cylinder as well as the axle may be readily slidden out of the wooden
tube or bobbin. In order to remove the bobbin from its carriage when its cop of
roving is complete, the bobbin must be raised until its axle comes opposite to
the enlarged parts of the slots in the sides of the carriage (seen best in the
detached Figure 5), when the axle may be drawn out and the bobbin with-
drawn and replaced by an empty bobbin, as in Figures 1 and 3.
Having fully explained the particulars of these improvements in machinery
for roving cotton and other fibrous substances, I desire it to be understood
that I do not claim the several parts of the mechanism described separately
and apart from their combination, as similar mechanical contrivances may
bave been heretofore partially employed in other combinations; but I claim
a mode of forming the roll or cop of roving with conical ends by means of a
sliding guide, the traverse of which is regulated and determined by the
increasing diameter of the roll or cop; and I also claim the particular com-
bination of mechanism described above for effecting that object.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Newton, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of January, One thousand eight
hundred and thirty-four.
WILLIAM (L.S.) NEWTON.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eleventh day of January, in
the fourth year of the reign of His Majesty King William the Fourth, the
said William Newton came before our said Lord the King in His Chancery,
and acknowledged the Instrument aforesaid, and all and every thing therein
contained and specified, in form above written. And also the Instrument
aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made in the fifty-
fifth year of the reign of His late Majesty King George the Third.
Inrolled the Eleventh day of January, One thousand eight hundred and