Improvements in the Waterproofing of Textile Materials.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Apr., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 16th Jan., 1892-Accepted, 12th Mar., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by FRITZ DOLLER, of Kurfursteustr 140, Berlin,
Germany, Chemist.]
Improvements in the Waterproofing of Textile Materials.
I, JAMES GEORGE SMITH, Chairman of the Porous Waterproofing Company,
Limited, Union Bank Buildings, Liverpool, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows :-
This invention relates more particularly to the solutions employed in the process
of waterproofing textile materials, and the application of these solutions to the
material in such a manner that the appearance and texture of the material is not
altered.
In carrying out this invention gutta-percha or india-rubber is dissolved in paraffin
wax. Paraffin wax at ordinary temperatures is a solid which melts between 50°
and 75° Centigrade, according to the quality, and at a temperature of from
100° to 110° Centigrade will dissolve 100 per cent. of its own weight of gutta-percha
or indin-rubber.
On this hitherto unknown, or, if known, not used quality of paraffin, this process
of rendering textile materials impermeable to rain, but not to air, is based and is
carried out in the following manner :-
One hundred parts of paraffin, stearin, or any sebacic acid is melted by heat, and
to this is added 15 per cent. of gutta-percha or india-rubber, (more or less according
to the nature of the material to be treated ;) the mixture is kept from five to thirty
minutes at a temperature of about 100° Centigrade. During this time the gutta
percha or india-rubber is dissolved, gases being developed during the process. The
solution may now be applied direct to the material, or it may be thinned by some
In the first case
suitable liquid such as benzine or benzole or any other solvent.
the solution is transferred to the cloth by means of a set of rollers at a temperature
of about 70° Centigrade, but if the solution has been thinned, the material is drawn
through the thinned solution and afterwards exposed to a current of air, which
causes the benzine to evaporate.
The proportion of the paraffin, gutta-percha, or india-rubber and benzine or any
other solvent, varies according to the nature of the material to be treated.
In combination with the above-described solution, 1 may in some cases use a
mixture of stearin, or any sebacic acid, and alumina, or stearin and oxide of copper,
or other metals, dissolved at a certain temperature in pyridine, alcohol. benzole, or
other hydro-carbon, and also a solution of celluloid, celloidin, or collodion in
pyridine, alcohol, benzol, or other hydro-carbon. These latter solutions may for
Home materials be used alone or in combination with each other.
I also may use in some cases an addition of liquid paraffin to the solutions
described in certain proportions to the other ingredients used, as I have found that
the liquid paraffin gives to the textiles treated by the same a softer touch, and
makes it more flexible.
Dated this 17th day of April 1891.
BOTTOMLEY & LIDDLE,
154, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicant's Agents.

page_text: Improvements in the Waterproofing of Textile Materials.
1, JAMES GEORGE SMITH, Chairman of the Porous Waterproofing Company
Limited, Union Bank Buildings, Liverpool, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates more particularly to the solutions employed in the process
of waterproofing textile materials and the application of these solutions to the
material in such a manner that the appearance and texture of the material is not
altered.
In carrying out this invention, gutta-percha or india rubber is dissolved in
paraffin wax. Paraffin wax at ordinary temperatures is a solid which melts
between 50° and 75° Centigrade, according to the quality and at a temperature of
from 100° to 110° Centigrade will dissolve 100 per cent. of its own weight of gutta-
percha or india-rubber. On this hitherto unknown, or if known, not used quality of
paraffin, this process of rendering textile materials impermeable to rain, but not to
air, is based and is carried out in the following manner :-
One hundred parts of paraffin, stearin, or any sebacic acid is melted by heat, and
to this is added 15 per cent. of gutta percha or india rubber (more or less according
to the nature of the material to be treated;) the mixture is kept from five to thirty
minutes at a temperature of about 100° Centigrade. During this time the gutta-
percha or india-rubber is dissolved, gases being developed during the process. The
solution may now be applied direct to the material, or it may be thinned by some
suitable liquid such as benzine or benzol or any other solvent. In the first case the
solution is transferred to the cloth by means of a set of rollers at a temperature of
about 70° Centigrade, but if the solution has been thinned, the material is drawn
through the thinned solution and afterwards exposed to a current of air which
causes the benzine to evaporate.
The proportion of the paraffin, gutta-percha, or india-rubber and benzine or any
other solvent varies according to the nature of the material to be treated.
Instead of paraffin wax 1 may use liquid paraffin at a suitable temperature for
dissolving india rubber or gutta percha.
In combination with the above described solution I may in some cases use a
mixture of stearin, or any sebacic acid and alumina, or stearin and oxide of copper,
or other metals, dissolved at a certain temperature in pyridine, alcohol, benzol, or
other hydro carbon, and also a solution of celluloid, celloidin (celloidin being a
preparation of cotton treated with sulphuric and spirit of nitre) or collodion in
pyridine, alcohol, benzol, or other hydro carbon. These latter solutions may for
some materials be used alone, or in combination with each other.
I also may use in some cases an addition of liquid paraffin to the solutions
described in certain proportions to the other ingredients used, as I have found that
the liquid paraffin gives to the textile treated by the same a softer touch and makes
it more flexible.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:―
1. The use of a solution of india-rubber or gutta-percha in paraffin, stearin, or
any sebacic acid for waterproofing textile fabrics, either alone, or after thinning the
same in benzine, benzol, or other suitable liquid.
2. The use of a mixture of stearin or sebacic acid and alumina, or of a mixture of
stearin and oxide of copper or other metal, dissolved in pyridine, alcohol, benzol, or
other hydro-carbon, for waterproofing textile fabrics, either alone or in combination

page_text: with the solution of india-rubber or gutta-percha claimed in the first claiming
clause.
3. The use of a solution of celluloid, celloidin, or collodion in pyridine, alcohol,
benzol, or other hydro-carbon, for waterproofing textile fabrics, either alone, or in
combination with the solutions claimed in the first and second claiming clauses.
Dated this 15th day of January 1892.
BOTTOMLEY & LIDDLE,
154, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicant's Agents.