IMPROVEMENTS IN BREWING."
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Gretton, of Burton-upon-Trent, in the County
of Stafford, Brewer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BREWING."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Gretton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th January 1856.
I, JOHN GRETTON, of Burton-upon-Trent, in the County of Stafford, Brewer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
BREWING," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the lowering of the temperature of wort by cold
water, and to the regulating, lowering, or raising the temperature of ale, beer,
or porter, during or after the process of fermentation, by cold or warm water
or steam.
My Invention consists in the employment of a hollow vessel, which may be
placed on the surface under or in any intermediate situation or place in wort,
ale, beer, or porter, and in passing cold or warm water, or steam, through and
out of the said vessel, whereby the temperature of the liquid under treatment
may be regulated as required.
My Invention will be valuable at any time when the temperature of the
atmosphere is too high or too low for brewing, and especially during the
summer months, or whenever the temperature of the atmosphere is too.
warm for carrying on the operation of brewing efficiently.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Gretton in the Great. Seal Patent Office on the
30th July 1856..
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
GRETTON, of Burton-upon-Trent, in the County of Stafford, Brewer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said John Gretton, Her special licence that I, the said John Gretton, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Gretton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BREWING," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Gretton, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Gretton, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
that is to say—
My Invention relates to the lowering of the temperature of wort by cold
water, and to the regulating, lowering, and raising of the temperature of ale
beer, or porter, during or after the process of fermentation, by cold or warn
water, or steam, or heated air.
My Invention consists in the employment of a hollow vessel.or of hollow
vessels, which may be fixed or placed on the surface of, or under, or in any
intermediate situation or place, in wort, ale, beer, or porter, and in passing
cold or warm water, or steam, through and out of the said vessel or vessels
whereby the temperature of the liquid under treatment. may be regulated a
required. My Invention will be valuable at any time when the temperature

page_text: of the atmosphere is too high or too low for brewing, and especially during
the summer months, or whenever the temperature. of the atmosphere is too
warm for carrying on the operation of brewing efficiently.
In order that my Invention may be more fully understood, I have shewn,
by way of exemplification, in the annexed Drawings the manner; in which my
Invention may be applied to a fermenting vat or square, in order to prevent.
the increase of, or to lower the temperature therein, to a mash, tun, for raising
the temperature of the contents thereof, and to a. barm or yeast collector,..to
lower the temperature therein.
Figure 1 is a plan; Figure. 2, a plan, shewing the hollow vessels raised; and
Figure 3, a section through the line a, b, of Figure 1, of the means I employ
for keeping down or lowering the temperature in a fermenting square. A, A,
are two hollow vessels or refrigerators, held in frames B, B, which are hinged
to the timbers C, C, attached to the sides of the square; D, D, are cross
beams upon which the hollow vessels rest; E, E, are inlet, and F, F, outlet
pipes. The inlet pipes are connected through vulcanized india-rubber or
other suitable tubes to pipes introduced through the bottom or sides of the
square, and leading from a cold water tank. The outlet pipes F, F, are
connected through similar flexible tubes to discharge pipes introduced through
the bottom or sides of the square. The upper ends of the pipes F, F, are
brought up to the level of the inside surface of the upper skin of the hollow
vessels, and to admit of this the vessels are raised or made concave over these
pipes. It is not necessary that the refrigerating vessels should be of the
shape represented, nor is it necessary they should occupy the position shewn,
as both shape and position may be varied without departing from my
Invention. And my refrigerating vessels are also applicable to the lowering
or reducing of the temperature in ale, beer, and porter after fermentation.
Figure 4 is a sectional elevation of the bottom of a mash tun fitted with
my means of raising the temperature therein. A is a perforated plate
or false
bottom; B, a vessel with inlet and outlet pipes. This vessel is shewn in plan
at Figure 5. The inlet pipe is connected to a boiler containing hot water
or steam, or to a hot-air apparatus, which water, steam, or air circulating
through and out of the vessel heats or assists in maintaining the heat in the
contents of the tun. C, C, C, are pipes through the vessel B for the passage
of the contents of the tun.
Figure 6 is an external elevation, and Figure 7 a section on the line a, b, of
Figure 6, of the apparatus I employ for cooling barm or yeast. Upon the
bottom of the vessel are water spaces A, A, covered by a thin plate B.
C and D are chambers, connected one with a cold water supply and the other

page_text: with a discharge pipe. The barm or yeast, from the cleansing of beer, or
otherwise, is led into the vessel by suitable pipes, and is kept cool by streams
of cold water flowing constantly into and out of the vessel.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim the raising,
lowering, and regulating of the temperature of wort, ale, beer, porter, and the
lowering of the temperature of barm or yeast, by passing steam or warm or
cold water. or heated air through vessels or apparatuses, as herein-before
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Gretton, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of July, One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-six.
JOHN GRETTON. (L.S.)