Year: 1839

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, Greeting
I, ELIJAH GALLOWAY, Engineer, of Water Lane, Tower Street, London, in
the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster,
the Twenty-third day of April, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-nine,
in the second year of Her reign, did give and grant unto me, the said Elijah
Galloway, my exors, adññiors, and assigns, Her especial licence, full power,
sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Elijah Galloway, my exors,
adñiors, and assigns, and such others as I, the said Elijah Galloway, my
exors, adiñiors, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times hereafter during the term of years therein
mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in which said
Letters Patent there is contained a proviso that I, the said Elijah Galloway,
shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, to be enrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within six calendar months next immediately after the date of the
said in part recited Letters Patent, reference being thereunto had, may more
fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Elijah Galloway, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention and the
manner in which the same is to be performed are particularly described and

page_text: ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference being had
to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon (that is to say):-
My Invention and improvements consists of, firstly, an improved marine
engine, and, secondly, an improved rotary engine.
;
Figure 1 represents my improved marine engine, in which the cylinders are
placed at right angles to the paddle shafts, and not parallel thereto, as is
generally the case in marine engines. a, a, are the cylinders, the valves and
other parts of which, being of the usual construction, it is not necessary
to shew or describe. The novelty principally consists in the use of the
lever b, c, d, e, which is of such a form that the points c, d, e, are equidistant
from b. Now b has a vertical action by means of the parallel motion f, f, g,
(the air-pump motion is produced from g). The piston rods are fitted with
heads having mortices h, i, in which the brasses on the pins c, d, may move
horizontally when, therefore, the crank j is made to revolve, the pistons will
have a notion with respect to each other nearly coinciding with the pistons
of two ordinary marine engines acting upon cranks, placed at right angles to
each other; that is to say, when a is at half stroke, c would be on its top or
bottom centre, and vice versa. Figure 2 represents my improved rotary engine,
in which the piston i, j, (which is seen edgewise) is circular, and fitted with
metallic packings to the interior of the vessel or barrel A, A, which is
spherical between c, d, and e, f, being flanged and bolted together at a, b.
The piston is suspended on two axes or gudgeons n, (which may either be fixed
to the piston and louse in the barrel, or the reverse,) and vibrates from c to d.
There are two blocks g, h, which are the abutments against which the steam
is to act, being flat on the sides, shewn by straight lines, and curved to fit
the barrel on the two opposite sides; the circular portions in contact with the
packings k, l, are bored cylindrically from the centre n. The straight pack-
ings k, l, as well as the circular metallic packings, are recessed into cylindric
rings m at each end, which are sunk into cylindric cavities and pressed out
by springs, and thus both the straight and circular packings form a steam-tight
union. The barrel is suspended on axes v, w, and connected by a ball and
socket joint t to the fly wheel shaft x. The barrel, therefore, it will be seen,
works at an angle of thirty degrees to the horizontal shaft x.
Two piston
rods p, s, and p, u, have also ball and socket motions at both ends, as shewn,
and also room to vibrate in the cavities of the piston, as is also shewn by
dotted lines at p, p.
There are two sliding stuffing boxes y, y, having flat
surfaces fitted to and pressed against the surface d, f, by springs. B, B, are
two oblong mortices, which, together with the sliding stuffing boxes, allow the

page_text: piston rods to change their distance from the-centre line n, t, and yet continue
steam-tight. It will be evident, therefore, that when the shaft x revolves, the
barrel will revolve also, and that the points p, p, of the piston will always bo
in a plane parallel to u, s; so that if we conceive the engine to make half a
revolution from its present position, the part of the piston'at i will have moved
to d, and the part nearest will have moved to e; and thus, when the engine and
shaft are made to revolve, the piston will have a vibrating motion on its axis n, as
it regards the barrel, yet any point on the whole, piston, will, when the engine
revolves, perform a true circle round the common centre. 1, 2, is a conical cock
of the usual construction, the outer part or shell thereof being fixed, whilst
the conical part, 5, 6, is a portion of the axis; thus, when the engines revolves,
3 and 4 are successively brought into communication with the steam and
eduction passages. There are two apertures through the piston at different
parts; the aperture 7, 7, allowing a free communication between the spaces 8
and 9, and 10, 10, allowing a communication between the opposite spaces 11
and 12. To explain the operation of this engine, let steam be introduced
through the aperture 3; the piston is then passed upon the rod p, s, which
presses the shoulder of the double crank against the flanges of the bearings 13,
and is pressed against the flat end of the close bearing there shewn. If
then we conceive the double crank to be moved out of the perpendicular, the
pressure of the steam will cause the barrel at a to diverge from s, and 6 to
approach u, and thus a semi-rotation will be produced; when fresh steam
entering through 4, another semi-rotation will be produced in like manner, and
the inequality of power will be regulated by the fly wheel. As the respec-
tive parts wear by keying up the end of the brass against v, the balls, sockets,
and pivots will again be brought into juxtaposition.
Having now described the nature of the said improvements constituting my
Invention, I hereby declare that in my improved marine engine I lay no claim
to the parts which are alreadly well known; but I claim the apparatus
b, c, d, e, which causes the action of the engines to be brought upon one pair of
cranks in the manner set forth; and in my improved rotary engine I claim the
combination of parts therein shewn to produce a rotary action as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Elijah Galloway, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of August, One thousand eight
hundred and thirty-nine.
ELIJAH (L.s.) GALLOWAY.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-eighth day of August,
in the year of our Lord 1839, the aforesaid Elijah Galloway came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to
the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twenty-eighth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-nine.