Means for the Prevention of Incrustation in Steam Boilers.
Year: 1899

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Means for the Prevention of Incrustation in Steam Boilers.
I, JOHANNES SMIT, of 501, Noordirliet R., Leeuwarden, Holland, Machinist,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement -
Many remedies have already been proposed, and applied, for the purpose of
preventing the formation of incrustation in steam boilers.
The process most commonly used for this purpose, and one which is known to
be the most effective in its action, consists in precipitating the salts dissolved in
the water, before the water enters the steam boiler, by the addition of suitable
chemical reagents; for instance, soda is added to water containing gypsum,
whereby insoluble carbonate of lime is eliminated, whilst the sulphate of sodium.
which remains in the water in solution, does not produce any incrustation,
owing to its being soluble in water.
Water containing gypsum is purified in a similar manner by the addition of
a solution of chloride of barium, the insoluble sulphate of barium being pre-
cipitated, whilst the easily soluble chloride of lime does not cause any formation
of incrustation,, owing to its solubility.
Water which contains bicarbonate of calcium is heated, thus causing the
carbonic acid gas to escape and the neutral carbonate of lime to be precipitated.
These methods of purifying the boiler feed water are tedious and expensive,
the more so, as the purification of the water in this manner always remains an
incomplete one.
In the following, a means is described, which renders it possible to prevent
the formation of incrustation in steam boilers, in a simple manner, without the
feed water having to be subjected to any special treatment before entering the
boiler.
The interior of the boiler, before being filled with water, is coated with a
mixture made of the following materials, and in the manner indicated.
1 litre train oil.
1 kilo horse fat.
1 kilo "consistent fat are melted, and into this mixture are stirred:
4 kilos nowdered black lead.
15 litres rain water.
The mixture so obtained is allowed to cool whilst being stirred continually, so
hat it thickens into a uniform and thoroughly well mixed paste.
This mixture possesses the property of adhering firmly to the sides of the boilers
nd of not being detached again from the sides of the boilers, by hot water, nor
by superheated steam.
The salts dissolved in the boiler water cannot attach themselves to the sides
f the boilers, owing to there being no direct contact between the water and the
D 917

page_text: hot sides of the boiler. They are secreted in thin lamels on the thin layer of
grease, and finding only a slight support on the layer of grease, they crumble
away from same and fall either on to the bottom of the boiler, or else they
float about freely in the circulating boiler water.
As soon as the elimination of the "incrustation. in this form of fine lamels
has reached a certain limit, the incrustation may be removed in a simple manner
after opening the steam boiler; and no damage is caused to the boiler, and a
saving of fuel.is effected.
The proportions of the quantities of the substances which are used for the
above preventative of incrustation, of steam boilers, may be varied, and the
proportions stated are to be considered merely as one form of effecting this
object.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
Means for the prevention of the formation of incrustation in steam boilers,
consisting in coating the inside of the boiler with a thoroughly blended mixture
of "consistent". fat, train. oil, and horsefat, with water, liquid creosote, black
lead white zinc and lamp black; substantially as described..
Dated
Is Ora
01 November 1899.
JOHANNES SMIT.
By Cheesbrough & Royston,
Agents for the Applicant, 15, Water Street, Liverpool.