IMPROVEMENTS IN HAIR CURLERS OR CRIMPERS
Year: 1885

page_text: We, JOEL CADBURY of Great Hampton Street Birmingham in the County of
Warwick Manufacturer and JOSEPH GEORGE ROLLASON of Spencer Street Bir-
mingham, aforesaid Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of said invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HAIR CURLERS OR CRIMPERS," to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to that class of curling or crimping instruments, wherein
three jointed bars or arms constitute a binding or clamping device, between and
around which, hair is wound or curled, and there held for a time, until the hair so
held or clamped has acquired a permanent set. The instrument is then removed
when a curl or ringlet is produced.
According to our invention, we take three jointed bars or arms, which are
capable of opening out or separating themselves radially, in order that the hair to
be curled or crimped may be introduced between two of them, while the third
constitutes a holder for preventing the uncoiling of the hair.
The clamping part of the device or instrument, consists of a semi-circular
troughed bar, wherein a circular wire or rod fits and seats itself; the former
which is raised from sheet metal, and is provided with ears at one end, which form
brackets to which the ends of the other arms are jointed. The third arm con-
stitutes the catch bar or holder, which consists of a bar jointed to the bracket car on
the troughed clamping arm, while the other end is bent into a hook form which is
made to embrace the clamping arms. Thus the instrument consists of three arms
capable of opening outwards, the middle arm being circular, which fits into the
concave seat of the fluted outer arm, while the third arm which is shorter than the
other two, carries a catch at its end.
In using the instrument, the hair is first gripped between the pinching rod, and
the trough or semi-circular arm; the instrument is then rotated upon its axis,
winding a sufficient length of hair around the clamping arms, which is held in
position by engaging the hook on the end of the holding arm, with the clamping
arms. After the hair has been held a sufficient time to take a permanent set,
the holder arm is released from the clamping arms, when the instrument can be
withdrawn from the hair, and a curl or ringlet produced.

page_text: By employing a semi-circular or half round fluted bar with a circular wire or
rod, the hair is pinched or gripped much more effectually than when only two
plain bars are used, from the fact that the fluted bar is an exact counterpart of the
wire or rod of the other part.
Although we have only described the instrument as applied to the curling of
hair, yet the said instrument may be used for the crimping of hair, by braiding the
hair between the clamping arms, and holding the same by the catch-bar.
Instead of the arms turning upon joint centres, loops may be substituted therefor,
similar to the joint of a nursery pin. In this case, we propose that the two outer
arms should be bent from the same length of metal, with a twist at its middle,
which forms the joint, while the centre arm is linked through the loop of the joint.
The arms of the curling or crimping appliance, may be raised or fashioned from
sheet metal or from wire.

page_text: We JOEL CADBURY of Great Hampton Street. Birmingham in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturer and JOSEPH GEORGE ROLLASON of Spencer Street Bir-
mingham aforesaid Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of said invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HAIR CURLERS OR CRIMPERS," and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
Our invention relates to that class of curling.or crimping instruments, wherein
three jointed bars or arms constitute a binding or clamping device, between and
around which, hair is wound or curled, and there held for a time, until the hair so
held or clamped has acquired a permanent set. The instrument is then removed;
when a curl or ringlet is produced.
According to our invention, we take three jointed bars or arms, which are
capable of opening out or separating themselves radially, in order that the hair to
be curled or crimped may be introduced between two of them, while the third
constitutes a holder for preventing the uncoiling of the hair.
The clamping part of the device or instrument consists of a semi-circular
troughed bar, wherein a circular wire or rod fits and seats itself; the former, which
is raised from sheet metal, and is provided with ears at one end, which form
brackets to which the ends of the other arms are jointed. The third arm con-
stitutes the catch bar or holder, which consists of a bar jointed to the bracket ear
on the troughed clamping arm, while the other end is bent into a hook form which
is made to embrace the clamping arms. Thus the instrument consists of three
arms capable of opening outwards, the middle arm being circular, which fits into
the concave seat of the fluted outer arm, while the third arm which is shorter than
the other two, carries a catch at its end.
I
In using the instrument, the hair is first gripped between the pinching, rod, and
the trough or semi-circular arm; the instrument is then rotated upon its axis,
winding a sufficient length of hair around the clamping arms, which is held in
position by engaging the hook on the end of the holding arm, with the clamping
arms. After the hair has been held a sufficient time to take a permanent set, the
holder arm is released from the clamping arms, when the instrument can be
withdrawn from the hair, and a curl or ringlet produced.
By employing a semi-circular or half round fluted bar with a circular wire or
rod, the hair is pinched or gripped much more effectually than when only two
plain bars are used, from the fact that the fluted bar, is an exact counterpart of the
wire or rod of the other part.
Although we have only described the instrument as applied to the curling of
hair, yet the said instrument may be used for the crimping of hair, by braiding
the hair between the clamping arms, and holding the same by the catch-bar.
Instead of the arms turning upon joint centres, loops may be substituted
therefor, similar to the joint of a nursery pin. In this case, we propose that the
two outer arms should be bent from the same length of metal with a twist at its

page_text: middle, which forms the joint, while the centre arm is linked through the loop of
the joint.
The arms of the curling or crimping appliance may be raised or fashioned from
sheet metal or from wire,
We will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings
the manner in which the same is to be performed→
Figure 1 represents a hair curler or crimper constructed according to our
invention, the same being closed-Figure represents the Baid hair curler or
crimper open-Figure 3 shows a longitudinal vertical section of figure 1, while
figure 4 represents an end elevation of the said figure 1, showing how our inven-
tion is applied with hair wound round and between the bars-Figure 5 represents
side and end elevations of the top bar. Figure 6 shows a plan and side view of
the middle bar, while figure 7 shows a side view, plan and end view of the under
bar and clamping catch made in one piece.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in figures 1 to 7 both
inclusive of the accompanying Drawings.
a b c are three jointed bars or arms which are capable of opening out or
separating themselves in order that hair may be clamped between them for curling
or crimping. The bar a is fluted or trougbed, and is provided at its outside end,
with depending ears or brackets a³ which form bearings to the joints 6 of the
round rod b, and c³ of the clamping bar c, the last named bar is provided at its
front or forward end with a hooked catch which embraces the bars a and b.
In using the instrument, the hair is first gripped between the inside of the
trough of the top bar a, and the round of the bar b, and when in this position,
with the clamping bar c opened out, as represented in dotted lines in figure 3, the
instrument is rotated, which coils a sufficient length of hair around the bars a
and b to form a curl; this having been done the bar c is then turned round or
brought into position, and the hooked end c³ sprung over or made to engage with
the ends of the bars a and b, thereby holding and clamping the parts together with
the coil of hair between them, as seen in the end view figure 4.
After the hair has been held a sufficient time to take a permanent set, the parts
can be released, and the instrument withdrawn from the hair and a curl or ringlet
thereby produced.
Figure 8 represents a modification of our invention with, the jointed arms closed.
Figure 9 represents the same with the arms open. Figure 10 represents the same
fully opened out with hair pinched between the concave and convex surfaces of
the two top bars. Figure 11 shows a longitudinal section of figure 8, and figure 12
also represents a transverse section on the dotted lines A. B. Figures 13 and 14
represent the parts separately.
a and b are two fluted bars formed from a single piece of sheet metal folded
upon itself. The folded end a constitutes the joint for the opening out of the
bars. c is the under or clamping bar consisting of a length of wire turned up at
one end into a catch c³, and at the other end into a loop c³ which passes through
the loop a of the other parts.
In using the instrument, the hair is first gripped or pinched between the two
fluted or troughed bars a and b as represented in figure 10, and when in this
position, the hair is rotated around them into a coil, which is then clamped and
fixed as before, by the engagement of the hooked or catch end with the ends of
the other bars, as represented in figures 8 and 11.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is —
First. Making the pinching or gripping bars a b of hair curlers or crimpers
respectively fluted and round, substantially as and for the purpose herein described

page_text: Secondly. A hair curler or crimper consisting of three jointed bars or arms a b c,
the pinching or gripping bars of which are respectively fluted and round, while the
clamping bar is flat and carries a hook catch at its front end. The parts being
constructed, and the bars jointed to each other, substantially in the way as described
and set forth in figures 1 to 7.
Thirdly Making the pinching or gripping bars ab of air curlers or crimpers
both fluted or troughed, substantially as described and set forth in figures 8 to 13.
Fourthly. A hair curler or crimper consisting of three jointed bars or arms a bo,
the pinching or gripping ones of which, are both fluted, while the clamping bar is
made out of round or flat wire, and connected to the bars a and b, (which are made
from a single piece of folded up sheet metal) by a loop c' and a turned up hooked
end c. The parts being constructed and put together, and acting in the manner
substantially as herein described and set forth in figures 8 to 14 both inclusive.
1000