Improvements in the Bearings for Shaft or Axle Journals, and in Connecting-rod "Ends" for Coupling to Crank and other Pins.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Dec., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 9th Sept., 1889-Accepted, 23rd Nov., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Bearings for Shaft or Axle Journals, and in
Connecting-rod "Ends" for Coupling to Crank and other Pins.
I HENRY GRAFTON of 26 Willes Road, Kentish Town, N.W. Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the bearings for the journals of shafts and axles including
crank and other shafts and railway axles and to connecting-rod "ends" for coupling
to crank, cross-head and other pins, the invention being particularly applicable in
cases where the available space is limited; and it has for its object to reduce the
pressure per unit of surface without increasing the diameter or the length of the
journal or bearing, the consequence of such reduction of pressure being less friction
per unit and therefore less liability to heat and seize; or a diminution in the
dimensions of the journal or bearing for the same pressure per unit of surface. A
further incidental advantage of the invention is the avoidance of the evil of a side
binding common to existing bearings, and the facility of adjustment of the bearing.
The invention consists in dividing the brasses constituting the bearing in a plane
coincident with the axis and with the line or mean line of strain as well as in a
plane perpendicular thereto and in fitting each of the four parts into which the
bearing is thus divided against a flat supporting face, the four faces being at angles of
45° to the line of strain and being in practice formed by two opposite V recesses
together constituting a rectangular opening, one of whose diagonals is coincident
with the line of strain, each brass being free to adjust itself upon its supporting face
in a direction tangential to the journal.
The invention further relates to the compensation for the expansion of the parts of
the bearing by heat and it consists in the employment for the bolts confining the
bearing of a metal or alloy such that the expansion of the bolts by heat will be equal
to or greater than, that of the parts held by them.
Dated this 8th day of December 1888
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Bearings for Shaft or Axle Journals, and in
Connecting-rod "Ends" for Coupling to Crank and other Pins.
I, HENRY GRAFTON, of 26, Willes Road, Kentish Town, N.W. Engincor, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My Invention relates to the bearings for the journals of shafts and axles including
crank and other shafts and railway axles, and to connecting rod "ends" for coupling
to crank, cross-head, and other pins; the invention being particularly applicable in
cases where the available space in the direction of the length of the journal or pin is
limited.
39
The Invention has for its object to reduce the pressure per unit of effective surface
without increasing the diameter or the length of the journal or bearing the con-
sequence of such reduction of pressure being less friction per unit of effective
surface and therefore less liability of the bearing brasses or steps to heat and
seize ;
or conversely a diminution in the dimensions of the journal or bearing for
the same pressure per unit of surface. Further incidental advantages of the invention
23
LD 27

page_text: are the avoidance of the evil of side binding common to existing bearings, and the
facility of adjustment of the bearing.
The Invention as applied to a connecting rod end or shaft bearing consists in
dividing the brasses or steps constituting the bearing.in a plane coincident with the
axis and with the line or mean line of strain (besides dividing them in a plane
perpendicular to such line of strain as usual) and in fitting each of the four parts
into which the bearing is thus divided against a flat supporting face, the four faces
being at angles of 45° to the line of strain and being in practice formed by two
opposite re-entering angular recesses together constituting a square opening, one of
whose diagonals is coincident with the line of strain each brass being tree to adjust
itself upon its supporting face in a direction tangential to the journal.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this specifi-
- cation wherein I have represented various applications of the invention. Figure 1
is a face view, one half in section on line 11 figure 2; figure 2 is an edge view,
one half in section on line 2-2 figure 1; and figure 3 is an end view one half in
section on line 3-3 figure 1; illustrating the application of the invention to a con-
necting rod "end." Figure 4 is a half sectional elevation, and figure 5 a half
sectional plan of a horizontal shaft bearing adapted to resist vertical strains.
Figure 6 is a half sectional elevation, and figure 7 a half-sectional plan, of a similar
bearing suitable for a horizontal engine. Figure 8 is a half sectional elevation;
figure 9 a cross-section on line 9-9, figure S; and figure 10 is a part sectional plan
of a bearing suitable for a locomotive axle. The same letters of reference indicate
like parts in all the figures.
A are the bearing brasses or "steps" four in number together encircling the pin or
journal with slight intervals between their adjacent ends to admit of self-adjustment.
They bed against flat seats B, the adjacent scats being inclined at angles of 90° to
each other and each of the seats being situated at an angle of 45° to the line (or
mean line) of strain. In figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, two of the seats B are solid with each
of the parts (viz. the body D and cap piece C) of the connecting rod end or pedestal
in which the steps are enclosed and these two parts are held together and wear of the
steps is taken up by bolts E. In the case of the axle box, only two brasses or steps
are necessary, the load being always in one direction.
In figures 6 and 7 provision is made for adjusting the upper steps or brasses singly,
and for this purpose the seats B of these steps are separate from the cap and are
adjustable in a horizontal direction across the journal by means of wedges F drawn
up by screws G.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is;
"
و"
1. A journal bearing in which the bearing "brasses" or 'steps are bedded
against flat seats inclined at angles of 45° to the mean line of strain and are free to
adjust themselves thereon in a direction, tangential to the journal, substantially as and
for the purpose herein specified.
or
"
steps"
2. A connecting rod end in which the "brasses"
are bedded against
flat seats inclined at angles of 45° to the line of strain and are free to adjust themselves
thereon in a direction tangential to the crank or other pin, substantially as and for
the purpose specified.
Dated this 9th day of Septemb...
1000
H. GRAFTON.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.