IMPROVEMENTS IN Locks
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Deane John Hoare at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th September
1860.
I, DEANE JOHN HOARE, of Number 7, Albemarle Street, Piccadilly, Captain
in the Royal Elthorne Militia, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN Locks," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to locks and other similar descriptions of fastenings
wherein a bolt or bar is shot or projected forward from out of a case by
means of a key, or equivalent instrument properly constructed and fitted for
the purpose of reaching and acting upon a projection or suitably formed part
of the bolt, the formation of such key, and the arrangement of notches,
grooves, slots, or projections being capable of variation in dimensions, shape,
and disposition, whether the ordinary or common warded description of lock,
or the ordinary tumbler or lever lock be adopted, the present Invention being
applicable to each of these descriptions of locks.
My improvements consist in substituting a compound action of the bolt for
the back-and-forth motion ordinarily adopted in straight bolt locks, which
latter are caused to travel parallel with one side of the lock case, and in lever
locks such description of bolt is usually prevented from receding; or from being
forced back by obstructions offered to the passage of a projecting stump or
stud through the gatings formed in the levers, which only presént â fair

page_text: opening or passage for the stump or projecting stud piece when each lever has
been raised to the proper degree (though possibly to different extents) and at
different times during the rotation of the key within the lock, and before it
can act upon the bolt for the purpose of throwing it back. By my present
Invention, the bolt, which is caused to lie at an angle or incline, and after a
having been projected forward to the required extent by a key of any suitable
form, it has again to be operated upon for the purpose of changing its
longitudinal position, and for securing it from being shot or forced back, either
by force externally applied, or by means of an improper instrument.
For the purpose of operating the bolt in manner described, and securing it,
I either employ a single keyhole having two centres of rotation for the key, or
I form two distinct keyholes, and by employing one for the admission of the
key to throw the bolt back and forth, upon the withdrawal of the key, and its
being reversed and again inserted in the lock, the same key is made to raise
the inner end of the bolt, and firmly secure it in position after the bolt has
been shot, or for the purpose of lowering the inner end of the bolt, that it may
be withdrawn or shot back. Instead, however, of employing the same key for
performing the two operations, two distinct keys may be used, the one being
dissimilar to the other, or they may be so contrived that one of them may pass
or operate upon both parts of the lock as a "pass key." In addition to the
double-centred keyhole, or the two keyholes (which may be placed at any
suitable angle to each other or to the lock), I add, for banker's locks, and for
locks intended for other purposes where extra security is required, a small lock
of similar or any other suitable construction, so that its bolt may lock into and
secure the strut-piece or locking bar, which is made to support and secure the
"tail" or inner end of the bolt. The strut-piece or locking bar may be made
of any convenient form, and to permit of any convenient amount of elevation
or depression of the "tail" or inner end of the locking bolt, it is suitably
formed to be acted upon by the key inserted in the second keyhole, or turning
upon the second centre of the keyhole common to both parts of the lock, and
by means of wall wards, fence-pieces, or other forms of guards, instruments
inserted within the lock are unable to reach or to act upon the strut-piece or
locking bar, which, by means of a spring or springs, and a tripping-piece or
tappet, is caused to change its position at the proper time upon the insertion
or removal of the key. When the bolt is horizontal, that part or portion of
the lock constructed according to my Invention, which I have designated a
strut-piece or locking bar, would be at right angles therewith, or vertical
thereto, but it need not necessarily be straight, nor at right angles therewith,

page_text: but may be curved, or caused to move in a curve, or irregularly, and may be
set at any convenient angle either above or below the locking bolt. For latch
locks the outer point of the bolt will have to be suitably shaped and be projected
outward by a spring, so that when the bolt has to be projected forward or
locked, the arrangement which has been already described, and the action
thereof relating to dead locks and such like instruments will then have to be
brought into play.