matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
A NEW AND IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS OR APPLIANCES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CIGARS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Langer at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st
March 1869.
I, WILLIAM LANGER, of the Whitechapel Road, in the County of
Middlesex, Cigar Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A NEW AND IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS OR
APPLIANCES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CIGARS," to be as follows:-
The first part of my Invention consists in forming or shaping the
inside or "bunches" of cigars by placing them in moulds or shapes of
the size or sizes of the cigars to be made, and in filling or building up
the tobacco in the moulds.
The second part of my Invention consists in the construction and
employment of frames for forming cigars in the manner hereafter
described. The frames are by preference made in two parts. The first
part is composed of a frame, the width of which is by preference that of
the length of each of the cigars to be made, the length being regulated
according to the number of cigars it is intended to contain. For each
cigar I form or cut a shape or die, by preference somewhat deeper than

page_text: the cigars, and of the shape or form the cigar is intended to assume. Into
these shapes the "bunches" are placed. The second part of the frame
is composed of a series of dies or shapes to correspond with the shape of
the cigars. After the bunches are placed in the first frame the second
frame is placed on them, the dies filling up and pressing on the bunches
in the shapes on the first frame. By pressing the two frames together
the bunches are compressed and allowed to dry under pressure. On
being removed from the frames the cigars are finished in the ordinary
way. To facilitate the removal of the bunches I in some cases form each
shape or die separately or in two parts, dividing at or at about their
centre, and fitted in a frame in which they are free to slide when
required, so that when the two frames are separated by pulling the
shapes apart the bunches easily fall out.
Cigars made according to my Invention are of equal size, shape, and
thickness, while at the same time all the points are even.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN HOOP SKIRTS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Mayer at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th August
1869.
I, JOSEPH MAYER, of Brooklyn, in the State of New York, United
States of America, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN HOOP SKIRTS," to be as follows: --
Heretofore it has been usual to make ladies' skirts either in a skeleton
form with tapes uniting the hoops, or with hoops introduced in a pocket
or fold made in the woven material composing the skirt. The open skirt
first-named is not approved by all persons, and the woven skirts with
the pockets is costly, and the hoops cannot always be introduced con-
veniently at the parts desired.
The nature of my said Invention consists in a skirt in which the
hoops are connected to the fabric of which the skirt itself is formed by
being threaded through holes provided at suitable distances apart in
the fabric itself, so that the skirt is distended by the hoops, and the
connection between the two is of the most substantial character, and if
desired the hoops can be removed with facility to allow the skirt to be

page_text: washed or worn without the hoops. I make the skirt and waistband of
woven, knitted, or felted material, and the same may be of any desired
color. In the fabric forming the skirt I introduce holes at the proper
places, and I prefer to protect the edges of the holes with eyelets. The
hoops of covered wire or other suitable material are threaded through
these holes so as to stand horizontally or nearly so around the skirt, and
the ends of the hoops are connected by any suitable clasp. In a skirt
made in the foregoing manner the hoops appear alternately upon the
outside and inside, and I prefer that the holes should be so disposed that
the hoops show in longer sections on the inside than on the outside, so
as to spread the skirt more evenly.
AN IMPROVED BUCKLE OR FASTENING FOR BRACES, BELTS, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF WEARING APPAREL
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederic Arthur Harrison at,
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 7th December 1869.
I, FREDERIC ARTHUR HARRISON, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Jeweller, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED BUCKLE OR FASTENING FOR BRACES, BELTS, AND OTHER
ARTICLES OF WEARING APPAREL," to be as follows:-
My improved buckle or fastening consists of two separate pieces of
metal, which are cut from two metal blanks, and being afterwards
formed and finished by press tools constitute in themselves when put
together the buckle or fastening which is the subject of my Invention.
One of these parts, which for distinction I call the lower plate, has a
longitudinal slot cut across or nearly across the surface of the metal,
and a square aperture having been punched out at either end or
extremity of the said slot a bar (against which the raised toothed edge of
the upper plate is to work, as herein-after explained) is formed by
turning over the remaining or intervening metal. From this lower
plate is also raised the tongue or tab which is to receive the ring of the
brace, and the said lower plate has a strip of metal left upon each of its

page_text: ends, which being afterwards folded or turned over constitute the hinge
or joint in which the other part is to work. This other part, which for
distinction I call the upper plate, has a pin or axis formed by the press
tools at each of its extremities, which takes into the hinge or joint formed
in the lower plate, as herein-before explained, and works therein. There
is also formed upon the lower surface of the upper plate a toothed or
serrated edge, which is for the purpose of securely holding in any desired
position the woven or other material which may be placed between the
said two plates.
The mode of operation is as follows:-The web or other woven
material is passed under the upper plate and carried over the bent
bar of the lower plate, out again at the back of the lower plate. The
toothed or serrated edge of the upper plate will now take into the
material, so as to grip and hold it securely in position, but when the
web or other material between the two plates is desired to be tightened
or loosened nothing more is required than to bend back the upper
plate, when its toothed or serrated edge being released from its hold
the web or other material is free to be moved in either direction at
pleasure.
AN IMPROVED FASTENING FOR BUCKLES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James William Greenwood at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on.
the 16th December 1869.
I, JAMES WILLIAM GREENWOOD, of Sussex Road, Upper Holloway,
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declaro the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED FASTENING FOR BUCKLES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of a screw strap holder, or, in other words, a
buckle that provides by means of a moveable screw for the safe holding
of a strap, in which at equal distances holes have been punched or
bored.
The Invention I prefer to carry out in the following manner :-My
buckle consists of a frame of brass or other metal; a bar extends across
the inner part of the said frame. To this bar the tongue of the buckle
is hinged, and it also serves to hold the butt end of the strap which is
sewn to it. The tongue of the buckle when at rest reposes on the front
bar of the frame. The back bar of the frame is thicker than the other
parts of it and it is slit. Perforating the back bar at its top side is a
screw hole, which penetrates partly through the under side. In this
screw hole a screw is made to work; this screw has a conveniently

page_text: shaped head that accomodates itself to a key or turnscrew, by means
of which the screw is raised or lowered. In action the strap is first
secured by the tongue of the buckle, as in the ordinary manner, and it
is then passed through the slit in the back bar till the hole in the strap
proper for the screw to pass through is brought under the screw hole.
By means of the key or turnscrew the screw is then lowered into its
socket, pinning the strap in its descent, so that the strap cannot be
released (except by the use of violence) until the key is again applied
and the screw raised. Or the buckle called a screw strap holder may be
made without that part of it known as the tongue. In place of it a
stud or peg might be made to project out of the face of the middle bar,
on which to hitch the strap by one of its holes, while the free end of the
strap was being passed through the slit in the back bar. Or the buckle
called the screw strap holder might be made without tongue, peg, stud,
or any other contrivance for catching the strap, excepting that provided
by the slit and screw in the back bar.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS AND WATER METERS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Woodward at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
May 1869.
I, JOHN WOODWARD, of Queen's Foundry, New Islington, Ancoats,
in the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
GAS AND WATER METERS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the combination of an india-rubber or other
elastic or flexible diaphragm with concave or recessed plates or castings
having ports and passages in them for the gas or liquid to communicate
with each side of the diaphragm, and a slide or other valve or valves
to open and shut the communication alternately with the supply and
outlet pipe, such valve or valves being actuated by the said diaphragm,
which gives movement to a rod that works a weighted "tumbler" lever
connected with or acting upon the valve through a lever or tappet upon
an oscillating shaft. The diaphragm heds against the concave surface
of the plates or casting cach time a compartment is filled. Thus a con-
stant and uniform measure is secured, and undue strain upon the

page_text: diaphragm is prevented. The index or counting apparatus is connected
with the oscillating lever shaft above named. The diaphragm is secured
between the flanges of the concave plates or castings, and it also forms
the packing to make the joint between them. Two or more diaphragms
with sets of concave plates may be combined, together to form one meter
according to my Invention, and two diaphragms may be combined, so
that one will work the valve for the other alternately.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAW PLATES OR FIRE HASTENERS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Roberts at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th
April 1869.
I, JAMES ROBERTS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Metal Worker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAW PLATES OR FIRE HASTENERS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of the improvements herein-after described in
draw plates or fire hasteners, whereby the draught through a fire may
be increased or improved and the lighting and burning of the fire
expedited. My improvements also prevent or diminish any tendency to
a downward current in the chimney, and thereby prevent the chimney
smoking.
According to one of my improvements I make the draw plate of a
sheet of metal of a breadth somewhat greater than the length of the
fire-bars, and of a length about double its breadth. I bend this plate
near its middle to nearly a right angle, and I also bend it near it
nearly a right angle, the bending in the latter case being in a different
direction to that in the former. The plate of metal thus bent constitutes

page_text: a draw plate, which, when placed upon an ordinary oven grate, com-
pletely covers the top of the fire-place, the chimney hole, and the upper
part of the fire-bars. The draught to the chimney is thus cut off
excepting through the fire, and the result is that a powerful current of
air is drawn through the fire, and its combustion rapidly increased.
Instead of making the draw plate described of one piece of metal it may
be made of two or three pieces jointed together at the parts herein-before
described as bent. The joints are so made that the parts can readily be
separated, and one or more of them can be used as occasion may
require.
Another of my improvements consists in making a draw plate of a
sheet of metal somewhat larger than is necessary to cover the chimney
hole. The plate is bent near one edge nearly at right angles. When
this draw plate is placed against the chimney hole with the bent part
downwards the chimney hole is closed and part of the top of the fire-
place covered.
Another of my improvements consists of a draw plate composed of a
sheet of metal, the lower edge of which is cut away in such a manner as
to leave a leg at each side. When this draw plate is used it is supported
against the chimney hole with its lower edge a short distance above the
top of the grate by means of the said legs, and the chimney hole is
closed except a short distance above the top of the grate. This draw
plate when inverted closes the whole of the chimney hole excepting that
portion below the hobs or ovens of the grate.
The second-described improvement may be employed to prevent any
lateral blowing down of smoke by being placed upright on one of the
hobs.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE GENERATION AND TREATMENT OF AMMONIA
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Isham Baggs at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th July
1869.
I, ISHAM BAGGS, of High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE GENERATION AND TREATMENT OF AMMONIA," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in subjecting to destructive distillation organic.
and nitrogenous matters, including shoddy waste and the organic
substances contained in sewage, and mixing or bringing the same into
contact by any convenient means with the fixed alkalies and alkaline
carths in a separate or combined state, and in afterwards recovering the
alkali therefrom by means of combustion or lixiviation, and causticising.
the same so as to use it over and over again for the like purpose..
This Invention further consists in increasing the production of am-
monia in the destructive distillation of coal by the addition of a fixed.
alkali or alkaline earth in a separate or mixed condition.

page_text: The ammonia produced by means of this Invention is passed through
metallic salts at ordinary or moderate temperatures, so as to displace the
base, and subsequently when required the ammonia is again displaced by
the same or any other base at a more elevated temperature.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DISINFECTING AND DEODORIZING FECAL AND EXCREMENTAL MATTERS, AND IN OBTAINING MANURE
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Carter at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th March
1869.
I, JAMES CARTER, of the Town and County of the Town of Nottingham,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN DISINFECTING AND DEODORIZING FECAL AND EXCREMENTAL
MATTERS, AND IN OBTAINING MANURE," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the employment of a dry chemical powder
composed of ground or crushed sulphate of lime or gypsum used alone
or in combination with certain proportions of dried clay or sand for
waterclosets, privies, night chairs, or other commodes, instead of using
water, ashes, or dry earth, which chemical powder when brought in
contact or combination with any kind of excrement or night soil has
the effect of completely and effectually deodorizing such excrement or
night soil, and rendering it entirely free from any offensive smell or
eflluvia, and at the same time it forms or produces a chemical manure
of great fertilizing properties, especially when applied to grass land or
other green crops. It may be observed that the chemical conversion

page_text: of ordinary night soil into a dry, portable and deodorized manure
instead of allowing it to flow as at present into the public sewers to
the injury of health and the grave pollution of our rivers, canals, and
other watercourses must be a conspicuous advantage.
A NEW APPARATUS FOR RECEIVING AND DISCHARGING CIGAR AND TOBACCO ASHES IN RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES, AND WHICH INVENTION IS ALSO APPLICABLE POR ADVERTIZING PURPOSES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Rudolph Schomburg at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th May 1869.
I, RUDOLPH SCпоMBURG, of Flect Street, in the City of London, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW APPARATUS
FOR RECEIVING AND DISCHARGING CIGAR AND TOBACCO ASHES IN RAILWAY AND
OTHER CARRIAGES, AND WHICH INVENTION IS ALSO APPLICABLE POR ADVERTIZING
PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of an apparatus for receiving and discharging
cigar and tobacco ashes in railway and other carriages, and which
apparatus consists of a trough turning upon centres in a suitable frame-
work to be attached to the carriage. This framework is open on the
top and on one side, the ends and back and the bottom forming the
closed casing, the trough receives the ashes, and by turning a button
or other contrivance at one end the trough discharges its contents on
the outside, and after doing so resumes its former position; it may be
fixed on the window ledge or a suitable opening made in the woodwork

page_text: of the carriago. It can be made of bronze, iron, onamelled iron, zinc,
china, or other suitable material.
The closed back of the framework is applicable for placing adver-
tisements, which will show inside the carriage.
A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR APPLYING INK OR COLOR TO PRINTING SURFACES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Gough at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
January 1869.
I, JOHN GOUGH, of 42, Kerby Street, Hatton Garden, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR APPLYING INK OR COLOR TO PRINTING
SURFACES," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is a simpler arrangement of mechanism
than that which obtains at present for applying ink or color to printing
surfaces, or surfaces from which impressions in ink or color are taken.
The means I employ consist in maintaining the necessary supply of
ink or color in the interior of a cylinder which is suitably mounted on
a spindle and free to revolve thereon; it is furnished with openings in its
circumference, through which ink or color from the interior can find its
way to the outer surface, which is grooved to allow of the ink or color
spreading; enough of the outer surface however is left between the said
grooves to give adequate support to a covering of wire gauze or other
permeable material or materials through which the ink or color can

page_text: escape or be withdrawn. When in operation I either apply this cylinder
so covered with wire gauze or other suitable material or materials
directly to roll the printing surface or indirectly through the inter-
vention of a ordinary composition roller or rollers, or a roller or rollers
equally well adapted to the purpose.
AN IMPROVED MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER FOR DRIVING VARIOUS KINDS OF LIGHT MACHINERY
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 9th April 1869.-A communication from abroad by William
Farr Goodwin, of the City and State of New York, United States of
America.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MEANS OF AND APPARATUS
FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER FOR DRIVING VARIOUS KINDS OF LIGHT MACHINERY,"
to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to dispense with the treadle and crank
usually employed for driving light machinery, such, for instance, as
sewing machines.
In order that the Invention may be clearly understood I will explain
it as applied to a sewing machine of any of the ordinary constructions.
The sewing machine is secured as usual on an elevated table, and this
is mounted on the upper end of a vibrating lever frame, which is capable
of rocking on centres below, and is connected with a system of parallel

page_text: levers which are also capable of rocking on centres. The seat of the
operator is placed on the rocking levers, so that the whole machine may
be vibrated or rocked to and fro like an ordinary rocking chair. The
sewing machine is worked by the force of a coiled spring contained in a
barrel which is placed under the table, and is connected to the sewing
machine above by suitable gearing as in ordinary machines which are
actuated by a treadle. A strap or band from a fixed standard which is
secured to the stationary footboard or platform on which the whole
apparatus is mounted is passed round the barrel of the coiled spring, and
as the whole frame with the exception of the fixed standard and foot-
board is vibrated or rocked the band will pull round the spring barrel,
and thereby wind up the spring and set the machine going.
As a modification of the above the standard may be made to vibrate
by means of pedal motion, and the lever frame and table may be fixed,
but the arrangement which will be found most convenient is a com-
bination of these two plans in which either part may be vibrated
or made stationary, as may be required. A locking lever is employed to
fix either of the moveable parts, so that the operator may at his discretion
cause one or other of the parts to vibrate while the other is held fast.
This mode of obtaining motive power is applicable to various kinds of
machinery such as knitting machinery, also for driving velocipedes,
and in fact to most purposes where small power (such as that obtained
by the use of a treadle) is only required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN IRON GIRDERS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Stevenson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
October 1869.
I, THOMAS STEVENSON, of 84, George Street, in the City of Edinburgh,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
IRON GIRDERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the construction of composite metallic
beams or tubes of any form composed of pieces bolted or rivetted
together, which pieces shall consist of metals or combinations of metals
possessing different properties, that is to say, such pieces shall be of
metals or combinations of metals possessing powers of resistance to
compression and to extension varying proportionally or approximately
proportionally to the varying crushing and tensile stresses in the beam
or structure, or in the event of its being cheaper to limit the application
of the principle a stronger material could be used only for the upper
portions where the compressing force has to be resisted. For example
in the case of a flanged girder of malleable iron there would be bolted
or rivetted to the flanges upper plates of cast iron or steel or some other
material possessing greater powers of resisting a crushing force than

page_text: malleable iron, whilst if found desirable there would be bolted or rivetted
to the flanges under plates of steel or some other material possessing
greator power of resisting extension than malleable iron. Further in
the case of lattice bridges it is proposed to employ for the upper portions
cast iron or steel or some other material possessing greater power of
resistance to crushing than the material employed in the middle portions,
and if found advisable for the lower portions steel or some other material
possessing greater tensile strength than the material composing the
middle portions.
In some cases, as, for example, where the load which has to be
supported is fixed and constant in amount, as in buildings where a
girder is employed to support a mass of superincumbent masonry, it
would economise the cost if the principle herein-before described for the
depth were also applied to the length of the girder. Here the top plates
of steel would be placed only in the middle, while the rest of the top
plates might be of cast iron. In like manner with the bottom flange
the steel plates would be reserved for the middle, while those near the
abutments might be of wrought iron. Where the steel plates are used
the bolts or rivets will be of the same material.
The advantages of this Invention are the possibility, with due regard
to cost of construction, of making bridges of greater span than has yet
been practicable.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Bracelin at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
June 1869.
I, WILLIAM BRACELIN, of 6, Robert Street, King's Road, Chelsea, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of improvements in velocipedes, and for the
better understanding the same reference is made to the accompanying
Drawing, which shows an ordinary velocipede with two large wheels A, A,.
and a guiding wheol B in front; upon the axle of large wheels is placed.
a small wheel C, with groove for band formed round it; D is a large
wheel fitted between framework E of the machine, having also a corres-
ponding groove formed around it; F is the band which is placed around
these two wheels (C and D) the treadles are seen at G, G, which are
worked by the feet of the operator turning the wheel D to which they are
attached, and by means of the band F motion is imparted to the larger
wheels A, A, and the machine is thus propelled. A break is shown

page_text: at II, II, fitted behind the seat, so as to act upon both wheels A, A, by
turning a spring. The above mode of actuating the wheels C and D,
may be varied by placing cogs on cach wheel instead of the band as
shewn, the. multiplying. power being about equal in either mode..
IMPROVENENTS IN PUSHING JACKS OR APPARATUS TO FACILITATE MOVING RAILWAY CARRIAGES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Emil Haas and Vincent
Wanostrocht at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 18th June 1869.-A communication from
abroad by Ezra Hutson, of Brockport, in the State of New York,
United States of America.
We, EMIL HAAS and VINCENT WANOSTROCHT, both of No. 38, Wal-
brook, in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVENENTS IN PUSHING JACKS OR APPARATUS TO FACILITATE
MOVING RAILWAY CARRIAGES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to construct an apparatus by which
railway carriages may be moved from place to place along the rails with
much less labor than is ordinarily employed. For this purpose I employ
a hand lever, the end of which is connected to the carriage either by a
hook or otherwise whilst the pin or fulcrum of the lever is carried by the
end of a leg or support, which at its lower end carries a claw suitably
formed to rest on and embrace the head of one of the rails; this claw is
made of steel, and is suitably shaped to enable it to bite against the rail
and prevent its being pushed backwards away from the carriage to

page_text: which the end of the hand lever is hooked or connected. Consequently
if the hand lever be raised and lowered the carriage will be forced
forwards along the rails, and as the lever is hooked on or connected to
the carriage it will be drawn along with it, and the carriage may be kept
in motion by continuing to work the hand lever up and down.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ORNAMENTATION OF SHELL BROOCHES AND OTHER ARTICLES OF THIS MATERIAL
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Melville Clark at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 10th December 1869.-A communication from abroad by Joseph
François Sordoillet, Jeweller, of 13, Boulevart St. Martin, Paris.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ORNAMENTATION OF SHELL
BROOCHES AND OTHER ARTICLES OF THIS MATERIAL," to be as follows:-
Hitherto articles composed of shell, such as brooches, ear-rings, combs,
portmonnaies, cigar cases, and others, have been ornamented solely by
inlaying metal, filagree work, and other material so as to form floral,
arabesque, or other designs.
The improvements of this Invention consist in ornamenting articles
composed of shell with precious stones, such as rubies, diamonds,
emeralds, turquoise, or imitations of the same, or it may be with painted
designs in relief.
I apply the precious stones or imitations of some by the ordinary
modes of setting employed for articles of jewellery. For example, a

page_text: ring or other form of metal is first inlaid in the shell in the ordinary.
way, and the jewels or other ornamentation then set in said metal. In
this manner I am enabled to readily fix any ornamentation to the shell,
which result has never hitherto been attainable.
The Invention thus consists in the application of jewellery settings in
the manufacture or ornamentation of articles as above composed of shell
for the purpose of fixing the jewels or other ornamentation desired.
The annexed Drawing gives an example of the Invention as applied
to a brooch.
a, brooch composed of shell; b, ordinary ornamental inlaid work;
c, metal of any form or design inlaid in the shell and forming a setting
for the jewels or other ornamentation d, d.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS. POR ACTUATING THE VALVES OF STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Rhodes at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
December 1869..
I, GEORGE RHODES, of Lincoln, in the County of Lincoln, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS.
POR ACTUATING THE VALVES OF STEAM ENGINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has. for its object improvements in apparatus for
actuating the valves of steam engines. When giving motion to the
valves of steam engines by an eccentric on the crank shaft of the
engine I mount the eccentric on the crank shaft in such manner that
its position on the shaft can whilst the engine is working be shifted, so.
that the engine may be driven either in a forward or a backward.
direction or can be brought to rest as desired. For this purpose a slot.
is cut in the eccentric, and through this slot passes a square part of the
crank shaft. Two wedges placed in opposite directions are also fitted
into the slot, one at either of its ends. The wedges are placed in
opposite directions, and each wedge bears against one end of the slot
and against the square of the crank shaft. The two wedges are con-
nected to a collar capable of sliding on the shaft, so that as the collar is

page_text: moved along the shaft one wedge shall be moved forwards whilst the
other is drawn back, and the eccentric can thus during the working of
the engine be caused to stand out from opposite sides of the shaft or
can be brought to an intermediate position. The moving of the collar
endwise along the shaft can be effected by a lever or otherwise.
By this Invention the engine can be worked expansively to any nicety
by simply drawing the wedges in any position desired, or the engine may
be instantly reversed.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR LUBRICATING THE WHEELS OF VELOCIPEDES AND OTHER WHEELS AND PULLEYS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Fletcher, senior, John
Fletcher, junior, and William Fletcher at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 21st April 1869.
We, JOHN FLETCHER, senior, JOHN FLETCHER, junior, and WILLIAM
FLETCHER, of the Eagle Foundry, Salford, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineers and Ironfounders, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR LUBRICATING
THE WHEELS OF VELOCIPEDES AND OTHER WHEELS AND PULLEYS," to be as
follows:-
Our Invention is chiefly applicable for reducing the friction between
the naves of the wheels and the axles of velocipedes, but it may be
applied to other wheels and pulleys running loose on thin axles, and it
consists in an improved mode of supplying oil or other lubricant to the
interior of the nave of the wheel or pulley.
Our Invention is particularly applicable to the hind wheels of veloci..
pedes, as such wheels run loose on a fixed axle.

page_text: In performing our Invention we apply one or two oil cups, which are
screwed into the bearings at one or both ends of the axle, and we make
a horizontal and one or more radial passages through the axle com-
municating with the oil cups; the oil is thus conveyed from the oil cup
or cups into and through the interior of the axle, and from the interior
conveyed by the radial holes or passages into the nave, which is thereby
kept constantly lubricated so long as any oil remains in the oil cups.
AN IMPROVED SYSTEM FOR THE CURE OF STAMMERING
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Rehse at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th July
1869.
I, JOHN REHSE, of Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America,
but now residing at Rupert Street, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED SYSTEM
FOR THE CURE OF STAMMERING," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved method or system for the cure of
stammering, and consists of apparatus to be used by the patient while
under instruction. As the nerves of a stammering person do not act
upon his lungs while speaking, or at all events only in a slight degree,
it becomes necessary to compel the nerves to assist the stammering
patient while speaking, for a short time, say from five hours to eight
days, after which period the nerves will no longer require aid, and the
patient will be cured. One means of causing this assistance of the
nerves is to cause the patient to grasp some object with both hands;
the most suitable object being a bar of wood, metal, or other substance
supported horizontally on standards, and capable of being raised or
lowered to suit the height of the patient, or the bars may be separate
and set vertically in the standards, one on each side of the patient. In

page_text: the former case the standards may be set on a foot board on which the
patient can stand; and the horizontal bar may be elevated or lowered
by a screw motion or a rack and pinion to the most convenient height,
or one hollow or grooved standard may support the bar by means of a
stem attached to the under part of the bar and sliding in the hollow
standard. The separate vertical bars for the patient to grasp may also
be set in two similar hollow or grooved standards.
Another method is to employ two handles united by a flexible or
elastic medium, the patient grasps the handles and raises them above his
head, bring his arms down with with a rapid jerk while pronouncing the
word, thus performing a distinct muscular action by the instrumentality
of the nerves, the effect of which will be to enable him to utter the word
with freedom and distinctness. The patient should endeavour to speak
very slowly and to pronounce each. word while his breath is flowing,
and not during inspiration; the last syllable of the word should
be emphasised, and the apparatus brought into practice during the
pronunciation of the monosyllable or the last syllable of a word. By
this improved system a cure will be effected in a few hours, and in a
very difficult oase in a few days. The patient should for a short time
speak louder than usual, so as to be heard and understood at a distance
of twenty feet at least, giving his voice a sounding and commanding
tone while speaking very slowly and deliberately, not endeavouring to
speak too many words with one breath.
Boiler and Hot Water Apparatus Manufacturers
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Hartley and Zaccheus
Sugden at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 19th November 1869.
We, JOHN HARTLEY and ZACCHEUS SUGDEN, of Halifax, in the County
of York, Welded Boiler and Hot Water Apparatus Manufacturers, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WROUGHT IRON BOILERS FOR HOT WATER APPARATUS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in constructing such boilers (by preference)
by welding them together (but they may be rivetted), and in forming
them with a dome shaped top and with the flow pipe or outlet for hot
water in the highest part thereof where the water is hottest. They have
an annular water space with return pipe at the bottom as usual, but the
feeder or inlet for fuel is formed at an incline on one side of the upper.
part of the boiler with portable cover, and the flue or outlet for smoke
is formed on the opposite side, so that the draught will take away the
sulphur or effluvia when feeding.
AN IMPROVED VENTILATING HAT OR COVERING FOR THE HEAD
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Denton Abel at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th June 1869.-A communication from abroad by Achille
Chevrillon, of No. 23,. Boulevard de Strasbourg, Paris, France,
Merchant.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of No. 20, Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lanc, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED VENTILATING
HAT OR COVERING FOR THE HEAD," to be as follows:-
The present Invention has for its object the construction of a hat or
covering for the head particularly suitable for hot climates, but also
applicable for summer wear in this country, which, while offering more
perfect protection against the sun than any head dress heretofore
employed, shall at the same time be exceedingly light, and be so-
arranged as to leave the top of the head entirely free to the external.
air. For this purpose a flat cone, by preference of stiffened felt, is
constructed, the edge of which may be curved inwards, which cone is.
secured upon an inner similar cone of a prepared stiff textile fabric
similar to the material employed for the bodies of ordinary silk hats.

page_text: To the inner side of this combined covering a ring, by preference of
flexible leather, is attached by means of two or more stiff leather straps
or stays so arranged as to hold the ring some distance away from the
surface of the conical covering, and this ring or head band is fitted upon
the head of the wearer, and thus serves to hold the conical covering over
his head without being in actual contact with it, thereby allowing freo
access of the air to the head. The interior of the cone, as also the head
band and supports, may, if desired, be covered in with a lining of silk,
gauze, or other light material.. Instead of making the conical covering
of felt it may be of any other suitable material such as leather, straw,
silk, or other textile fabric cither prepared so as to render it stiff, or not.
For the head band and straps or stays also other materials, besides.leather
may be employed.
IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TAPE TRIMMINGS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th September 1869.-A communication from abroad by Frederic
Edmund Thode and Charles Henry Knoop, of Dresden, in the
Kingdom of Saxony.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR THE
MANUFACTURE OF TAPE TRIMMINGS," to be follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in machinery by which tape
trimmings may be manufactured automatically from linen or cotton tape,
or tape of any other materials. The tape when led into the machine is
first of all folded into edges or points, after which these foldings are
stitched or sewed by a sewing machine in combination with the said
machinery. In this manner tape trimmings may be made by the
machine ready to be employed as ornaments to garments or for any
other purposes. A series of fingers or folders, five in number, but of
different shape, are mounted in small supports, and are worked to and
fro by levers actuated by cams in such manner that each of these folders
at its proper time will advance in central direction with the object so

page_text: as to accomplish the folding of the tape into points, and will then
return to their former position after completion of the work. The
levers receive their desired motions from cam rings constructed of such
form that by means of the levers the fingers or folders will in their
turn take exactly the necessary position to effect the folding of the
points. The cam rings are mounted on the main shaft, which receives
motion from the cord pulley which is driven by hand or any other
motor. At the other end of the main shaft a crank disc connected to
two other crank discs by connecting rods sets in motion the sewing
machine erected at the opposite end of the table. In this manner the
trimmings produced by the folding apparatus are stitched down and
thus regularly secured, so that the machine not only folds the tape
points but secures them by regular sewing. All the manifold motions
of the folders and other parts are derived from the revolutions of the
cam rings, the setting of which to each other on the main shaft must be
exceedingly accurate as the motions of the folders must fit into each
other with the greatest precision in the prescribed succession, and this
.must be accomplished during each single revolution of the main shaft.
The several working parts may be actuated by electro-magnets or
otherwise, as may be found convenient.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND FORCING WATER
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Bradshaw Leachman
and John Holroyd at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 15th October 1869.
We, WILLIAM BRADSHAW LEACHMAN, of Leeds, in the County of
York, Engincer, and JOHN HOLROYD, of Leeds, aforesaid, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC
APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND FORCING WATER," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists of the improved apparatus herein-after described
for raising and forcing water, which said apparatus is especially
applicable to mines and other places in which water is required to be
raised to a considerable height.
The said apparatus is constructed as follows:-A double action force.
pump consisting of a cylinder provided with inlet and outlet valves is
mounted between two hydraulic cylinders or rams. The piston rod of
the said pump passes through the ends of the pump cylinder and is
made of such a length that the ends of the said rod constitute the
plungers of the said rams. Inlet and discharge pipes of the required
length are bolted to the pump cylinder below the inlet valves and above
the outlet valves respectively, and a pipe of small diameter and of the
required length is bolted to each of the rams to supply them with water.

page_text: The upper ends of these latter pipes are bolted to force pumps which
are in communication with a reservoir. When our apparatus is used in
mines the force pumps and reservoir referred to are placed at the mouth
of the well shaft, the rams and the force pump hercin first described
being placed at or near the bottom of the said shaft. This arrangement
supersedes the lift pump ordinarily employed.
The action of our apparatus is as follows:-On the force pumps by
which the rams are worked being set in motion water is forced into
one or other of the said rams and urges the piston of the pump fixed
between the said rams from one end of its cylinder to the other. The
water is then forced by the upper pumps into the other ram, and the
motion of the said piston is reversed. At each stroke of the said piston
water is raised and forced through the inlet and discharge pipes bolted
to the pump cylinder.
The essence of our Invention consists in the use of the hydraulic rams
and the feed pipes and force pumps in connection therewith, so that the
apparatus by which the water is raised and forced can be worked from
pumps placed at a considerable distance from the said apparatus.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CASTERS FOR FURNITURE AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Israel Edward Woolf at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th August 1869.--A communication from abroad by John Louis
Woolf, of Saint Louis, Missouri, in the United States of America.
"
I, ISRAEL EDWARD WOOLF, of New Bond Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CASTERS FOR FURNITURE AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES,'
communicated to me from abroad by John Louis Woolf, of Saint Louis,
Missouri, in the United States of America; to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in constructing an improved caster by
mounting the rotating wheel or roller in a frame, bracket, or arm,
which is formed on or fixed to a plate or disc revolving in a
horizontal plane or nearly horizontal plane on or rather under a fixed
plate or disc and in a socket which may be formed by a flange or lip
on the fixed plate or disc. The best mode of mounting the revolving
plate is to fit it on a stud or projection on the fixed plate.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Lawrence Beesley, William
Beesley, and James Beesley at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 27th May 1869.
We, LAWRENCE BEESLEY, WILLIAM BEESLEY, and JAMES BEEsley,
all of Dalton-in-Furness, in the County of Lancaster, Boiler Makers,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN BOILERS," to be as follows:-
The improvements consist in the application to boilers generally and
more especially to fire-box boilers of an inverted conical or tapered
metal box of any suitable dimensions, so disposed and arranged that the
water enters upwards through the hole or holes in the bottom made for
that purpose, and after circulating in and about the box passes by the
top through one or more holes or tubes provided for the purpose, and by
such means giving an increased surface for the action of flame.
The improvements may be conveniently performed by attaching or
connecting the tapered box to the cross tube usually used in fire-box
boilers.