A NEW WATERPROOF TUBE WITHOUT SEAMS OR RIVETS, AND ADDADAGIO CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jozé Luis, Patent Agent, of No. 1", Welbeck
Street, Cavendish Square, London, in the County of Middlesex, for the
Invention of "A NEW WATERPROOF TUBE WITHOUT SEAMS OR RIVETS, AND
ADDADAGIO CONNECTED THEREWITH."-A communication.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jozé Luis at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th August
1858.
I, JOZE LUIS, Patent Agent, of No. 1", Welbeck Street, Cavendish Square,
London, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A NEW WATERPROOF TUBE WITHOUT SEAMS OR RIVETS, AND IN
THE APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," (a communication to me from a foreigner
residing abroad,) to be as follows:—
The waterproof tubes at present in use are made of gutta percha, india-
rubber, and linen or other tissues, coated on both sides with gutta percha or
india-rubber, and joined by means of rivets or seams; these tubes cannot
however be applied where they are subjected to an interior pressure, or even
if absolute water tightness is required. Those of gutta percha are impaired
when subjected to a very ordinary heat, and are also liable to break, and are
not flexible enough; those of india-rubber and linen or other tissue coated on
both sides have other inconveniences, thus causing the preference to be given

page_text: to riveted leather tubes, the price of which is very high, and which have also
the disadvantage of shrinking up and spoiling when dry if not kept continually
greased.
Now, the fabrication of waterproof tubes without seams and without rivets
of any diameter and any length, flexible or rigid, as the case requires, and
capable of supporting a very high pressure, is the result of our new system,
which is as follows:---
1st, the means of coating internally a tube without seam, formed of a
certain stuff, linen or otherwise, with a composition of gutta percha and india-
rubber or other matter.
2nd, the means of coating the tube externally.
3rd, the composition and proportion of the matter used for the coating.
1st. After having well mixed the matter which is to be used for the coating
in such a manner that it is the same thickness and quality in every part, the
heat is kept up so as to keep the matter in fusion; the tube of tissue is passed
over a rack which is fixed; this rack, the diameter of which must of course
depend on the size of the tube to be prepared, has in the inside two little
tubes for conveying steam; one of these communicates with a generator of
steam, the other carries it off into the air. A hollow conical piston is screwed
to the end of the rack after the tissue tube has been passed over it; the rack
has also a circular collar fixed to it. A cylindrical box of copper or iron, of a
diameter less than the tube of tissue, opening lengthways by means of a hinge,
adapts itself on the circular collar above mentioned and shuts one of the ends,
two very thin rods of copper sliding along the box keep it shut, & also permit
of its being easily opened. This box is to contain the material of which the
tube is to be coated; it varies in length according to the dimensions of
the tube to be prepared. Two rings are attached, & to these rings a cord is
fastened; by means of this cord the box is made to slide on the circular
collar, which pushes the matter contained in the box. After having passed
the matter is put in
the tissue tube on the rack and screwed on the piston,
fusion in the box above mentioned by opening the steam jet & letting the
steam circulate in the rack, the tussue tube is then drawn on the box
containing the matter; as soon as the tissue passes the edge of the box, the
box is made to slip in a contrary direction, thus forcing it to abandon a portion
of the matter in the tube, which is contrived to be drawn on the piston till it
passes it by about 10 inches; the end of the tube is then seized by iron
pinchers attached to a cord, which is rolled on a drum; the tube can be
drawn on the piston whatever be its length. When the tube has covered the
rack, by turning on the steam jet in the rack, the matter held in the box is

page_text: kept in a state of fusion, the matter falls in the tube and is drawn to the
piston, which heated by the steam divides the matter and presses it on the
sides of the tissue. The tissue tube already heated impregnates itself with
the matter. The matter can also be spread on the sides by fixing the box
and making the collar moveable. The collar can be made to mount by
means of a tube enveloping the rack and fastened to the collar, which would
slide in the box in the rack. The same result may also be obtained without
using a box, by introducing the matter in the tube in small quantities and
placing it along the rack and by making the tube move very slowly, in order
that the matter may have the time to come into fusion by the heat of the
rack and the piston.
2nd. The tube being.coated internally, a hollow copper or iron cylinder well
polished is introduced into the tube to maintain it in its cylindrical form.
This cylinder is of the same diameter as the interior of the coated tube; it is
flattened at one end, having an opening to receive a bolt, which serves to fix
the cylinder to the tube. The tube passes over the cylinder about 10 inches,
in order to give a hold to the pinchers, which attached to a cord wound round
a drum draws the tube. A cylindrical box of cast iron, & having a double
envelop, is fixed to a frame; this box has a sort of receiver in the form of a
funnel, destined to hold the matter of which the exterior of the tube is to be
coated; in the middle of the box a mandrel is fixed, thus permitting the same
box to be used for tubes of different diameter, the coating matter being
prepared in the same manner as for the interior, a steam jet being made to
enter in the double envelop of the box. The coating matter is placed in the
funnel part, the tube is drawn to the mandrel, and is guided during the
The tube thus traversing
process by two iron rods fixed to the frame.
the coating matter in fusion placed in the box is drawn in the mandrel, which
is heated by steam in the box, the coating matter is spread and pressed on the
part of the tube, which becomes thoroughly impregnated with it. The matter
can also be spread on the exterior part of the tube by fixing the tube and by
sliding on it a mandrel arranged to contain the matter for coating the tube.
The same result can be obtained by dissolving the coating matter by chemical
agents and immersing the tissue tube in the matter, & on withdrawing it
subject it to to a similar process to that above described, in order to give
it a cylindrical form; but this proceeding is less satisfactory than the one
already mentioned, and occupies a long time.
The composition of the coating matters is as follows:-The matter which
we.employ is made of india-rubber & gutta percha in different proportions
according to the flexibility or stiffness required in the tubes.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jozé Luis in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 4th
February 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, Joze
LUIS, Patent Agent, of No. 1", Welbeck Street, Cavendish Square, London,
in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Jozé Luis, Her special licence that I, the said Jozé Luis, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Jozé
Luis, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW WATERPRoof
TUBE WITHOUT SEAMS OR RIVETS, AND IN THE APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH,"
a communication, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Jozé
Luis, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jezé Luis, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say:-

page_text: The waterproof tubes at present in use are made of gutta percha or india-
rubber, or else linen or other tissue, coated on both sides with gutta percha or
india-rubber, and joined by means of rivets or seams; these tubes, however,
cannot be applied where they are subjected to an interior pressure, or even if
absolute water tightness is required. Those of gutta percha are impaired
when subjected to a very ordinary heat, and are also subject to break, and are
not flexible enough, those of india-rubber and linen or other tissue coated on
both sides have other inconveniences, thus causing the preference to be given
to rivited leather tubes, the price of which is very high, and which have also
the disadvantage of shrinking up and spoiling when dry if they are not
continually kept greased.
Now, the fabrication of waterproof tubes without seams and without rivets
of any diameter and any length, flexible or rigid, as the case requires, and
capable of supporting a very a very high pressure, is the result of our new
system, which is as follows:-
1st, the means for coating internally a tube without seam, formed of a
certain stuff, linen, or otherwise, with a composition of gutta peŕcha and
india-rubber or other matter.
2nd, the means for coating the tube externally.
3rd, the composition of the matter used for the coating.
1st. After having well mixed the matter which is to be used for the coating
in such a manner that it is the same thickness and quality in every part, the
heat is kept up so as to keep the matter in fusion, the tube of tissue is passed
over a rack which is fixed. This rack, the diameter of which must of course
depend on the size of the tube to be prepared, has in the inside two little
tubes for conveying steam; one of these communicates with a generator of
steam, the other carries it off into the air. A hollow conical piston is screwed
to the end of the rack after the tissue tube has been passed over it; the rack
has also a circular collar fixed to it. A cylindrical box of copper or iron of a
diameter less than the tube of tissue, opening lengthways by means of a hinge,
adapts itself on the circular collar above mentioned and shuts one of the ends;
two very thin rods of copper slide along the box, keep it shut, & also permit of
its being easily opened. This box is to contain the material of which the tube
is to be coated, it varies in length according to the dimensions of the tube to
be prepared; two rings are attached, & to these rings a cord is fastened, by
means of this cord the box is made to slide on the circular collar, which
pushes the matter contained in the box. After having passed the tissue tube
on the rack and screwed on the piston, the matter is put in fusion in the box
above mentioned by opening the steam jet & letting the steam circulate in

page_text: the box, the tissue tube is then drawn on the box containing the matter. As
soon as the tissue passes the edge of the box, the box is made to slip in a
contrary direction, thus forcing it to abandon a portion of the matter in the
tube,, which is continued to be drawn on the piston till it passes it by about
10 inches, the end of the tube is then seized by iron pinchers attached to a
cord, which is rolled on a drum; the tube can be drawn on the piston
whatever be its length. When the tube has covered the rack, by turning on
the steam jet in the rack the matter held in the box is kept in a state
of fusion, the matter falls in the tube and is drawn to the piston, which heated
by the steam divides the matter and presses it on the sides of the tissue, the
tissue tube already heated impregnates itself with the matter. The matters
can also be spread on the sides by fixing the box and making the collar
moveable; the collar can be made to mount by means of a tube enveloping the
rack. The same result may also be obtained without using a box, by intro-
ducing the matter in the tube in small quantities and placing it along the rack,
and by making the tube move very slowly, in order that the matter may have
time to come into fusion by the heat of the rack and the piston.
2nd. The tube being coated internally, a hollow copper or iron cylinder
well polished is introduced into the tube to maintain it in its cylindrical form;
this cylinder is of the same diameter as the interior of the coated tube, it is
flattened at one end, having an opening to receive a bolt which serves to fix
the cylinder to the tube. The tube passes over the cylinder about 10 inches,
in order to give a hold to the pinchers, which attached to a cord wound round
a drum drawn by the tube. A cylindrical box of cast iron having a double
envelop is fixed to a frame; this box has a sort of receiver in the form of a
funnel, destined to hold the matter of which the exterior of the tube is to be
coated. In the middle of the box a mandrel is fixed, thus permitting the
same box to be used for tubes of different diameter, the coating matter being
prepared in the same manner as for the interior, a steam jet being made to
enter in the double envelop of the box; the coating matter is placed in the
funnel part, the tube is drawn to the mandrel, and is guided during the process
by two iron rods fixed to the frame. The tube thus traversing the coating
matter in fusion placed in the box is drawn in the mandrel which is heated
by the steam in the box, the coating matter is spread and pressed on the part
of the tube, which becomes thoroughly impregnated with it.
The matter can also be spread on the exterior part of the tube by fixing the
tube and by sliding on it a mandrel arranged to contain the matter for coating
the tube. The same result can be obtained by dissolving the coating matter
by chemical agents and immersing the tissue tube in the matter, & on with-

page_text: drawing it subject it to a similar process to that above described, in order to
give it a cylindrical form, but this proceeding is less satisfactory than the one
above mentioned, and it occupies a long time.
3rd. The composition of the coating matter is as follows:-The matter
which we employ by preference is made of india-rubber & gutta percha in
different proportions, according to the flexibility or stiffness required in the
tubes.
India-rubber
70 to 60 do.
100 100
Other ingredients can be added to change the properties, such as coal tar,
which if added in small portions gives a stiffness to the tubes.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which it is or may be effected, I wish to be thoroughly understood that I do
not limit myself to the exact details above described, nor to the strict form
or figure of the apparatus, machine, or instrument, as such may be changed
or varied without departing from the principle of the Invention; but what
I do claim as new and of my Invention, and therefore to be secured to me by
Letters Patent, is,
1°, the union and combination of india-rubber and gutta percha, with or
without chemical and other ingredients, as applied internally and externally
to flax, hemp, cotton, or other textile hose of any and every description,
seamless or not.
2º, the mechanism, machinery, apparatus, or instruments, by which such
process is effected or carried out internally and externally through the medium
of steam or otherwise.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jozé Luis, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fourth day of February, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
TAZI
JOZE LUIS.
(L.S.)