IMPROVE- MENTS IN PUMPS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Brokenshire, of Bowmanville, County of
Durham, Canada West, Pump Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PUMPS."
Sealed the 27th March 1861, and dated the 2nd October 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Brokenshire at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd
October 1860.
I, JOHN BROKENSHIRE, of Bowmanville, County of Durham, Canada West,
Pump Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PUMPS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in pumps. For these
purposes, in constructing a pump, two barrels or cylinders are used, at the
lower end of each cylinder or barrel is a valve, and in each barrel or cylinder
there is a bucket or piston with a passage through it covered by a suitable
valve. The two rods of the buckets or pistons are connected to the lever handle,
one on each side of the fulcrum or axis of motion of the lever handle, which
extends a sufficient length on each side of the axis or fulcrum to admit of one
or more persons taking hold near the two ends of such lever handle, in order to
work the pump. When making a double lift pump, of the description above-
mentioned, of wood, it is preferred that it should be made in one stick of
timber, by forming the two cylinders or barrels parallel with each other, and
with the centre of the stick of timber, and the suction pipe leading thereto is
formed up the centre of the stick, so as to connect both barrels or cylinders
with the suction pipe; or, the two cylinders or barrels may be formed in one
length of timber, the barrels or cylinders being, as before, formed parallel to

page_text: each other, and to the central axis of the piece of wood, and then the suction
pipe is to be formed of a stick of timber of less diameter, its upper end being
inserted in the lower end of the piece in which the barrels or cylinders are
made. When making pumps of this description, of metal, they may each be
formed in one piece or casting, or of several parts, and combined with screws
and nuts.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Brokenshire in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
2nd April 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
BROKENSHIRE, of Bowmanville, County of Durham, Canada West, Pump
Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
John Brokenshire, Her special licence that I, the said John Brokenshire, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Brokenshire, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PUMPS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Brokenshire,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Brokenshire, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in pumps. For these
purposes, in constructing a pump, two barrels or cylinders are used, at the
lower end of each cylinder or barrel is a valve, and in each barrel or cylinder

page_text: there is a bucket or piston with a passage through it covered by a suitable
valve. The two rods of the buckets or pistons are connected to the lever
handle, one on each side of the fulcrum or axis of motion of the lever handle,
which extends a sufficient length on each side of the axis or fulcrum to admit
of one or more persons taking hold near the two ends of such lever handle, in
order to work the pump. When making a double lift pump, of the description
above-mentioned, of wood, it is preferred that it should be made in one stick
of timber, by forming the two cylinders or barrels parallel with each other,
and with the centre of the stick of timber, and the suction pipe leading thereto
is formed up the centre of the stick, so as to connect both barrels or cylinders
with the suction pipe. Or, the two cylinders or barrels may be formed in one
length of timber, the barrels or cylinders being, as before, formed parallel to
each other, and to the central axis of the piece of wood, and then the suction
pipe is to be formed of a stick of timber of less diameter, its upper end being
inserted in the lower end of the piece in which the barrels or cylinders are
made. When making pumps of this description, of metal, they may each be
formed in one piece or casting, or of several parts, and combined with screws
and nuts.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is an elevation of a pump, and Figure 2 a section thereof divided
on the interior into two barrels for the reception of two buckets, which are
connected by suitable rods to a lever handle. At the lower part of each barrel
of the pump is a valve, by which the passage between that barrel and the
suction pipe is alternately opened and closed according to the direction in
which the bucket in that barrel is moving.
Figure 3 shows another modification of the construction, differing principally
in the mode of constructing the barrels separate from the suction pipe. In
order to get at the lower valves, there are openings and covers, as are shown.
In the Drawing the pumps are made of wood, but other material may be
used.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Brokenshire, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
זחI
JOHN
BROKENSHIRE. (L.S.)