Improvements in Stoves.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Jan., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 1st Sept., 1892-Accepted, 1st Oct., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Stoves.
I, CLEMENT JAMES GRIFFITHS of Harefield, Westwood Park, Southampton,
in the County of Hants, Major General retired, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
My invention has reference to improvements in the construction of stoves of the
kind in which a supply of fuel is contained in a shaft or chamber above the fire
box, the object being to ensure that such stoves after being lighted, will continue
to burn in a more reliable manner and without liability of the lower end of the
smoke flue or chimney to become choked that obtains with other constructions of
stoves now in use. For this purpose I provide at the rear of the fire box or com-
bustion chamber, above which the fuel supply chamber is arranged, a space or
chamber that may be an extension of the fire box, or be another chamber of
smaller cross sectional area and in free communication with the first one, and from
the top or other part of which the flue extends, the arrangement being such that
fuel entering the said rear space or chamber will rest upon the bottom thereof and
cannot obstruct the outlet for hot gases and products of combustion. According to
one construction two chambers are used each of square or rectangular form in
plan, the rear one being the smaller. In another construction the two chambers
are of circular or elliptical form in plan. In each case the flue or chimney
extends from the top of the rear chamber and may be provided with a valve for
controlling the rate of combustion. In another construction one chamber only is
used of rectangular form in plan. Above one part of the chamber constituting the
fire box the fuel chamber is placed whilst above the remaining part is placed the
flue which is supported by the casing of the fuel chamber and from which extends
a lateral fluc. The combustion chamber may be lined with refractory material,
and air may be supplied to it from the space below the grate, or through an
opening above the grate, which opening may be provided with a door or a
regulator.
The fuel chamber may be of cylindrical, pyramidal, conical, or prismatic form.
When the stove is to be used in connection with hot water pipes it is
constructed with a water jacket. In one arrangement for the latter purpose
suitable for use in a greenhouse, the air is supplied to the combustion chamber by
a pipe that extends through the wall of the greenhouse and is provided with a
cylindrical or other air regulating valve.
Dated this 13th day of January 1892.
C. J. GRIFFITHS, Major Gen.
W. Lloyd Wise,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Stoves.
1, CLEMENT JAmes Griffiths, of Harefield, Westwood Park, Southampton,
in the County of Hants, Major General retired, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention has reference to improvements in the construction of stoves of
the kind in which a supply of fuel is contained in a shaft or chamber above
the fire box, the object being to ensure that in such stoves after the fuel
DQ77

page_text: therein has been ignited, it shall continue to burn in a more reliable manner
and without the same liability of the lower end of the smoke flue or chimney
to become choked as obtains with other constructions of stoves now in use.
For this purpose I provide..at the rear of the fire box or combustion chamber,
above which the fuel supply chamber is arranged, a space or chamber that may
be an extension of the fire box, or be another chamber of the same or smaller
cross sectional area and in free communication with the first one, and from the top
or other part of which the flue extends, the arrangement being such that ashes or
fuel entering the said rear space or chamber will rest upon the bottom thereof and
cannot obstruct the outlet for hot gases and products of combustion. The chambers
may be of square, rectangular, circular or elliptical form in plan. In each case
the flue or chimney extends from the top of the rear chamber and may be provided
with a valve for controlling the rate of combustion.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a vertical section, and
Fig. 2 a plan of a stove, constructed according to this invention having chambers
of rectangular form in plan.
Fig. 3 is a vertical section, and
Fig. 4 is a plan of another construction of stove in which the chambers are of
circular form in plan.
Fig. 5 is a plan of a grate and a support for the inner end thereof.
The remaining figures are hereinafter referred to.
A is the fire box or combustion chamber; it is provided with a grate A' of
ordinary construction, and has arranged above it the fuel chamber B provided with
a cover B. This fuel chamber can be of various forms. In Figs. 1 and 2 it is
shown as of pyramidal form, and in Figs. 3 and 4 as of truncated conical form.
C is the space or chamber at the rear of the fire box, from the upper part of which
extends the flue D provided with a valve or damper D₁. The chambers A and C
which communicate with each other by the opening C₁, are raised somewhat from
the ground, as shown, leaving an enclosed space that may extend beneath each
of them as in Fig. 1, or separate spaces K, K¹ one below each as in Fig. 3.
Between the chambers A and C are provided vertical removable bars E, or an
equivalent grating, and the bottom of the rear chamber is either closed by a plate F,
as in Fig. 1, or is open to the lower enclosed space K¹ which is shut off air tight
from the first space K by a vertical wall or partition G, so that air entering the
rear chamber C has to pass through the combustion chamber A. The wall or
partition G, may as in the example shown in Figs. 3 and 4 also serve to carry the
inner end of the grate A' which is formed with recesses A² as shown in Fig. 5, for
the reception of the lower ends of the vertical grate bars E which can be withdrawn
through the top of the stove when desired. Two openings H, H' are formed in
the front of the stove, the upper one H leading into the combustion chamber A
and the lower one H' leading into the space K or ash pan below the said chamber.
An opening is also provided at the rear of the stove for cleaning out the rear
chamber (Figs. 1 and 2) or the space K¹ (Figs. 3 and 4) below the same. These
openings are provided with suitable doors or covers H H³ and I respectively, by
which they can be closed.
The combustion chamber of the stove shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is formed of sheet
metal lined with suitable refractory material such as fire-brick. The stove shown
in Figs. 3 and 4 is designed for use in connection with hot water pipes and for this
reason both the combustion chamber A and the rear chamber Care constructed
with double walls so as to form a water jacket L that is connected at M and N.
with the inlet and outlet pipes for the water to be heated.
In the modified construction shown in Figs. 6 and 7 which are respectively
vertical and horizontal sections, the rear chamber is extended laterally on each
side so as to surround the combustion chamber as shown. In this case the flue D
leading from the top of the chamber C may advantageously be arranged at the
front of the stove above the opening H which is formed in a tube that passes

page_text: through the front portion of the chamber C but without communicating with such
chamber. In this arrangement the combustion chamber is constructed with a water
jacket that is heated internally by the burning fuel, and externally by the hot
products of combustion passing through the chamber C to the exit flue D. In
other respects the arrangement is substantially like that shown in Figs. 3 and 4.
O is a passage formed through the water jacket and above the air inlet opening H.
It is provided with a hinged flap valve or damper P provided with a handle Q that
can be moved from the exterior of the stove, the arrangement being such that by
pulling the handle to open the valve or damper the heated air and products of
combustion can when it is desired to reduce the heating effect of the stove, be led
through the opening O direct to the front portion of the chamber C and thence to
the flue D above.
In each case the rate of combustion of the fuel can be regulated to suit
requirement by opening the door H or H³, or both, to the necessary extent.
By constructing stoves in the manner described and shown, it will be seen that
all liability of the exit flue becoming choked is obviated; the fuel will burn
regularly at the lower part of the combustion chamber, the depth of burning fuel
remaining approximately constant for a given stove, so long as the supply of fuel
in the fuel chamber lasts, thereby enabling a practically constant heating effect to
be obtained; and the fuck chamber can be made of considerable height so as to
contain a large supply of fuel and enable the stove to burn for many hours without
attention thereby saving much time and labour.
When the stove is intended for use inside a green-house it will be desirable to
arrange that air shall be supplied to the combustion chamber from the outside by a
pipe extending through the wall of the green-house and provided with a regulating
valve or damper.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
The herein before described construction of stove wherein a combustion
chamber A, fuel chamber B, rear chamber C, chimney D, and vertical removable
bars or grate E separating the combustion chamber A from the rear chamber C,
are constructed and arranged as set forth, and illustrated, whether without a boiler
or heater as in Figs. 1 and 2, or with a boiler or heater as in Figs. 3 and 4, and
in Figs. 6 and 7 of the drawings hereunto annexed.
Dated this out I C l 1000
C. J. GRIFFITHS.
W. Lloyd Wise,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Applicant's Agent.
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