An Improvement or Improvements in or connected with Stoneware or Earthenware Pipes.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 13th May, 1897
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Oct., 1897-Accepted, 27th Nov., 1897
An Improvement or Improvements in or connected with Stoneware
or Earthenware Pipes.
I, ERNEST SMITH of 82 Coldharbour Lane, Camberwell, in the County of London,
Manufacturers Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of my invention is to provide improved means, whereby earthen-
ware or stoneware pipes may be connected together in a more convenient and
effective manner than heretofore.
According to my invention dispense with the usual socket end of the stone-
ware or earthenware pipe and I fit in place thereof, a metal collar or socket
around the end of the said pipe, and connect the collar or socket thereto by
caulking or by any other suitable means. This said collar or socket extends
beyond the end of the pipe to which it is fitted and is of somewhat larger internal
diameter than the external diameter of the stoneware or earthenware pipe or pipes.
The pipe to be connected is placed with its end within the projecting end of
the metal collar or socket and the annular space externally of the end of the
pipe, and internally of the metal collar or socket, is then caulked with any
suitable material or metal, by means, say of a caulking tool.
By this arrangement I am enabled to efficiently and readily pack the pipe joint
even if under water, and I have found that the stoneware or earthenware pipes
will withstand any reasonable external pressure exteriorally while the metal
collar takes the outward (or internal) pressure during such caulking process
which the usual earthenware or stoneware sockets will not withstand.
In some cases I make the ends of the pipes with corrugations or other pro-
jecting parts so formed that some portions, say the tops thereof, may be easily
broken off, whereby the glaze is removed from such surfaces and the formation
of a good joint thereby facilitated.
0 An Improvement or Improvements in or connected with Stoneware
or Earthenware Pipes.
I, ERNEST SMITH of 82 Coldharbour Lane, Camberwell, in the County of London,
Manufacturers Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
Price 8d1

page_text: manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:―
The object of my invention is to provide improved means, whereby earthenware
or stoneware pipes may be connected together in a more convenient and effective
manner than heretofore, and in order that my invention may be readily under-
stood I will describe same with reference to the accompanying drawings, whereon
Fig. 1 is a part vertical longitudinal section shewing an application of my
improved connection for stoneware or earthenware pipes. Fig. 2 is a similar
view shewing a varied form of same, and Fig. 3 is a complete longitudinal section
of a further variation of the same jointing means.
The above drawings are illustrative of my improved means for connecting
stoneware or earthenware pipes as aforesaid, but the proportions of some of the
parts as shewn have been increased in order to illustrate the arrangement more
clearly; it will however be understood that the proportions of the several parts
should accord with the requirements of any particular applications..
Similar letters of reference refer to like parts on the several figures of the
drawing.
Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawing A A are two stoneware or earthenware
pipes, the usual socket, say of the pipe A being dispensed with. Externally upon
the plain end of the pipe A I provide a metal collar or socket B, and connect the
latter to the pipe A by suitable cement X inserted in the annular space between
the collar and the pipe; I have found a suitable cement to consist of sulphur and
Kieselguhr, although I do not limit myself to this particular composition.
The pipe A to be connected, is placed with its end within the projecting end
of the metal collar B which latter extends beyond the end of the pipe A, and the
annular space so formed externally around the pipe A¹, I then caulk or joint as
at C with any suitable material or metal, such as lead, say by means of a caulking
tool.
A greater space may be provided for receiving the caulking or jointing metal C
if desired or required as is shewn at Fig. 2.
In some cases I may fit the end of the pipe A to be connected also with a
metal collar 13 as shewn at Fig. 3, such collar being fixed thereto by cement X,
in the manner as previously mentioned. In this case when the pipes A A¹ are
placed in end contact, the end portion of the collar B' fits within the recess of
the collar B, and this latter is enlarged so that space for the caulking metal C
is provided, the said caulking metal or material being located between the metal
collars B and B¹.
By this arrangement of pipe joints herein described I am enabled to effectually
and readily pack the pipe joint even if under water, and I have found that the
stoneware or earthenware pipes will withstand any reasonable pressure exteriorally,
while the metal collar takes the outward or internal pressure; during the caulking
_process, which the stoneware or earthenware sockets as usually constructed will
not withstand.
In some cases I make the ends of the pipes with corrugations or other pro-
jecting parts, so formed that some portions say the top thereof may be easily
broken off, as indicated at D, Figs. 2 and 3, whereby the glaze is removed from
such surfaces, and the formation of a good joint thereby facilitated, and it should
be understood that the pipes may be of any required or desired shape in cross
section such as egg shape or the like.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
-:
1. In connecting stoneware or earthenware pipes, fixing a metal collar by
cement or the like, exteriorally around the plain end of one pipe, the said collar
projecting beyond the end thereof, placing the plain end of the pipe to be con-
nected in end contact with the first pipe, and within the projecting metal collar,

page_text: and packing or caulking the space between the interior of the collar and the pipe
to be connected with metal (such as lead), or other suitable material, substantially
as described.
2. In connecting stoneware or earthenware pipes, the employment of a metal
collar B, fixed by cement or the like exteriorally around the plain end of one
pipe, and projecting beyond the end thereof, in combination with a metal ring
or collar B similarly fixed upon the adjacent end of the pipe to be connected, the
metal ring B', when the pipes are in end contact, fitting within the space interior
of the projecting end of the collar B, the latter collar being enlarged at the end
to receive the metal or other caulking or jointing material, substantially as
described and with special reference to Fig. 3 of the accompanying drawings.
3. The general arrangement and combination of parts composing my improve-
ments in connecting stone or earthenware pipes, substantially as and for the
purposes described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 22nd day of October 1807
BREWER & SON,
London and Leeds, Agents for the Applicant.