IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FABRICS IN BOBBIN NET OR TWIST LACE
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Hodgkinson, of New Lenton, near
Nottingham, Lace Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FABRICS IN BOBBIN NET OR TWIST LACE
"
Sealed the 20th July 1866, and dated the 23rd January 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Hodgkinson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 23rd January 1866.
I, WILLIAM HODGKINSON, of New Lenton, near Nottingham, Lace
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FABRICS IN BOBBIN NET OR TWIST
LACE MACHINERY, AND IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN," 'to be
as follows:-
The improvements relate to the production of ornamental effects such
as opaque fining or weaving by bobbin net or twist lace machinery in
imitation of that produced on the pillow by hand, also satin and flushings™
similar to those made in the ribbon loom by the use of three or more warp-
threads to each bobbin thread, controlled in their operation by stump
bars in conjunction with bottom bars worked by pattern surface. When
j

page_text: employing three stump bars the outer ones may be simply flat steel bars
perforated with slots for the passage of the threads. The central bar is
provided with stumps set to each gate of the machine, every other stump
being bent over or inclined so as to point towards the front of the machine,
and the intermediate ones towards the back; these inclined parts of the
stumps are extended to receive over them a series of flat or other wires,
thereby forming separate spaces or divisions for correct spacing of the
threads, To produce opaque fining or weaving, one of the three or more
warp threads working with each carriage thread is operated by one of
the outer stump bars in conjunction with bottom bars. The others of
these threads pass through or between the divisions of the central stump
bar. The threads of the two outer bars form together a full set of
one thread to each bobbin or carriage thread.
thread. All the threads are
worked by the jacquard or other pattern surface with such of the
bobbin threads as may for the time be required to produce the desired
effects. I do not confine myself to this particular arrangement of the
central stump bar, as two central bars may be used in the place of one, or
one stump bar may be used with stumps inclining all one way but having
a one gait crank in them, midway between the front and back, and flat or
other wires placed over them to form the required close slots or divisions.
Plates perforated to form corresponding divisions and laid horizontally or
somewhat inclined may be used in place of the stumps referred to. The
outer stump bars I perfer to be perforated with slotted holes for the
threads on account of their taking up much less room.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Hodgkinson in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 23rd July 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM.
HODGKINSON, of New Lenton, near Nottingham, Lace Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto the said William Hodgkinson, Her special licence that I,
the said William Hodgkinson, his executors, administrators, and assigns,

page_text: or such others as I, the said William Hodgkinson, his executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FABRICS
IN BOBBIN NET OR TWIST LACE MACHINERY, AND IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS
EMPLOYED THEREIN," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
William Hodgkinson, his executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Hodgkinson, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-
The improvements relate to the production of ornamental effects, such
as opaque fining or weaving, by bobbin net or twist lace machinery in
imitation of that produced on the pillow by hand, also satin and flushing's
similar to those made in the ribbon loom by the use of three or more warp
threads to each bobbin thread, controlled in their operation by stump
bars in conjunction with bottom bars worked by pattern surface.
But that the Invention may be fully understood I will by the aid of the
accompanying Drawing proceed to describe means pursued by me.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure represents by a sectional view some of the parts of a lace
machine sufficient to indicate the application of my improvements. In
this case a, a, are the combs for the support of the bobbin carriages in
their to-and-fro movement from the back to the front, and from the front
to the back; b represents a series of perforated bars commonly called
bottom bars, through which the various warp threads of the fabric are
passed from their bobbins or beams to the work as is well understood; c, c,
and d are stump bars through openings in one or the other, of which all
the threads from the bars 6 pass. Figure 2 represents a side view of a
portion of one of the bars c, c, separately. Figures 3 and 4 represent a
section and a plan view of a portion of the bar d separately. The central

page_text: stump bar d is stationary. The bars c, c, are capable of endway movement;
similar to that of the bars b, by being constantly drawn upon with a
tendency to move in one direction by springs, and by being drawn in the
opposite direction at the time, or in the order desired by lace wheels or
other pattern surface. When employing as shewn three stump bars the
outer ones may be simply flat steel bars perforated with slots, as indicated
by Figure 2, for the passage of the threads. The central bar it will be
seen is provided with stumps (1 and 2) set to each gate of the machine,
every other stump (1) (1) being bent over or inclined so as to point
towards the front of the machine, and the intermediate ones (2) (2)
towards the back. These inclined parts of the stumps are extended to
receive over and across them a series of flat or other wires (3) (3), thereby
forming separate spaces or divisions for the correct spacing of the separate
threads passed through them. To produce opaque fining or weaving, or
flushing, or satin, one of the series of warp threads passing through the
bars b, and working with each carriage thread is operated by one of the
outer stump bars c, the others of these threads pass as shewn through or
between the divisions of the central stump bar d. The threads of the two
outer bars form together a full set of one thread to each bobbin or carriage
thread, all the threads are worked by the jacquard or other pattern surface
actuating the bars b in the order desired with such of the bobbin threads
as may for the time be required to produce the desired effects. To
produce plait pillars and crossings to the body or ground of the fabric I
employ with each bobbin thread one of each of the threads passing through
the bars c, c, and one of those passing through the stationary bar d. To
produce a plain ground to the fabric I employ with each bobbin thread
two warp threads which may pass from their bottom bars through the
spaces of one of the bars c, and during such formation of the parts of the
ground the threads used to produce the fining or flushing, or other
ornamentation in the fabric, are caused to float on the surface. I do not
confine myself to this particular arrangement of the central stump bar,
as two central bars may be used in the place of one, or one stump bar
may be used with stumps inclining all one way but having a one gait
crank in them midway between the front and back, and flat or other wires
placed over them to form the required close slots or divisions, as is shown
by Figures 5 and 6. Plates perforated to form corresponding divisions
and laid horizontally or somewhat inclined may be used in place of the
stumps referred to, as indicated by Figures 7 and 8. Figure 9 shows a
cut of wheels suitable for actuating both the outer stump bars c, c; Figure

page_text: 1, and I prefer that they be perforated with slotted holes for the threads
on account of their thereby taking up much less room. But in place of
their having only one row of holes they may be inclined over and have
several rows of holes formed in them for several rows of threads.
Having thus described my improvements, and means which I adopt for
carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that I do not
confine myself to the precise details or mode of working described, so long
as the peculiar character of the Invention be retained substantially as
described; but what I claim is, the particular arrangement of the three
stump bars in combination with the wires, and the mode of working them
for the production of the articles before mentioned.
In witness, whereof, I, the said William Hodgkinson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
WILLIAM HODGKINSON. (L.S.)