IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY POR CING OR WORKING SCRame
Year: 1868

page_text: ETTERS PATENT to Samuel Bowen, and Charles Glover, and
Richard Harris Davis, and Thomas Stanford, and Thomas Scott,
of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Mechanics, and
Alexander Mien Bell, and Edwin Sheldon, and William Farmer,
and Luke Maskall, and Elijah Colburn, and John Cyrus Cole, of
Smethwick, in the County of Stafford, Mechanics, all employed
at the Patent Nut and Bolt Company, Limited, London Works,
near Birmingham, aforesaid; for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY POR CING OR WORKING SCRame"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Bowen, Charles
Glover, Richard Harris Davis, Thomas Stanford, Thomas Scott,
Alexander Mien Bell, Edwin Sheldon, William Farmer, Luke
Maskall, Elijah Colburn, and John Cyrus Cole at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 20th June
1868.

page_text: the County of Warwick, Mechanics, and ALEXANDER MIEN BELL, and
EDWIN SHELDON, and WILLIAM FARMER, and LUKE MASKALL, and
ELIJAH COLBURN, and JOHN CYRUS COLE, of Smethwick, in the County
of Stafford, Mechanics, all employed at the Patent Nut and Bolt
Company, Limited, London Works, near Birmingham, aforesaid, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR CUTTING OR WORMING SCREWS," to be as follows:-
Our improvements consist, firstly, in arranging a pair of screwing
dies so that they may be opened by self-acting mechanism constructed
as herein-after described, the said dies forming what is commonly called
a solid die when in the act of cutting or worming the blank, and an
open die after the operation of worming or screwing is completed, the
opening of the die releasing the screw. The opening of the dies is
effected at the required times by the machine itself, and the closing of
the said dies is effected by hand.
The opening of the dies is effected by self-acting mechanism in the
following manner-When the bolt or blank is screwed the required
distance the end or point of the said bolt comes in contact with a stop
or regulating lever, which holds down a horizontal bar by which the
dies are kept closed, which stop or lever by disengaging a catch from
the said horizontal bar allows the said bar to slide up an inclined plane.
The pressure on the dies forces one-half of the solid die back, and the
chuck which holds the bolt being drawn back by a spring in the spindle
of the machine, the screwed bolt falls into a trough. By these
improvements the unscrewing or back action of the screwed bolt or
article from the screwing dies which is necessary in ordinary screwing
.machines is avoided.
Our improvements consist, secondly, in the use of a quick-threaded
screw or inclined plane in the front end of the screwing spindle for
starting the blank into the screwing dies; the said screw or plane is
brought into operation by means of a lever raised by hand. By means
of the said screw or plane the blank on which the worm is to be cut is
advanced against and made to engage in the screwing dies.
Our improvements consist, thirdly, in fixing in a diagonal position
the rods by which the saddle carrying the screwing dies is supported.
By this arrangement the said rods are out of the way of the attendant,
and afford great facility for arranging the dies.

page_text: Our improvements consist, fourthly, in fixing the screwing machine
on a hollow pillar or column in such a manner that the pillar or
column may be used for supporting an oil basin, the interior of the
pillar or column containing boxes for storing tools or for other purposes.
Our improvements consist, fifthly, in the general arrangement of
the screwing dies, the starting screw or plane, and the diagonal rods
for supporting the saddle carrying the dies herein-before referred to in
connection with each other, and in combination with the hollow pillar
or column herein-before referred to.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Samuel Bowen, Charles Glover, Richard Harris
Davis, Thomas Stanford, Thomas Scott, Alexander Mien Bell,
Edwin Sheldon, William Farmer, Luke Maskall, Elijah Colburn,
and John Cyrus Cole in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 17th
December 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, SAMUEL
BOWEN, and CHARLES GLOVER, and RICHARD HARRIS DAVIS, and
THOMAS STANFORD, and THOMAS SCOTT, of Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Mechanics, and ALEXANDER MIEN BELL, and EDWIN
SHELDON, and WILLIAM FARMER, and LUKE MASKALL, and ELIJAH
COLBURN, and JOHN CYRUS COLE, of Smethwick, in the County of
Stafford, Mechanics, all employed at the Patent Nut and Bolt Company,
(Limited) London Works, near Birmingham, aforesaid, send grecting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Samuel Bowen, Charles Glover, Richard
Harris Davis, Thomas Stanford, Thomas Scott, Alexander Mien Bell,
Edwin Sheldon, William Farmer, Luke Maskall, Elijah Colburn, and
John Cyrus Cole, Her special licence, that we, the said Samuel Bowen,
Charles Glover, Richard Harris Davis, Thomas Stanford, Thomas Scott,
Alexander Mien Bell, Edwin Sheldon, William Farmer, Luke Maskall,
Elijah Colburn, and John Cyrus Cole, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said Samuel Bowen, Charles Glover,

page_text: Richard Harris Davis, Thomas Stanford, Thomas Scott, Alexander Mien
Bell, Edwin Sheldon, William Farmer, Luke Maskall, Elijah Colburn,
and John Cyrus Cole, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING OR WORMING SCREWS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Samuel Bowen,
Charles Glover, Richard Harris Davis, Thomas Stanford, Thomas
Scott, Alexander Mien Bell, Edwin Sheldon, William Farmer, Luke
Maskall, Elijah Colburn, and John Cryus Cole, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their hands
and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Bowen, on behalf of
myself and the said Charles Glover, Richard Harris Davis, Thomas
Stanford, Thomas Scott, Alexander Mien Bell, Edwin Sheldon,
William Farmer, Luke Maskall, Elijah Colburn, and John Cyrus Cole,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
Our improvements consist, firstly, in arranging a pair of screwing
dies so that they may be opened by self-acting mechanism constructed
as herein-after described, the said dies forming what is commonly called
a solid die when in the act of cutting or worming the blank, and an
<open die after the operation of worming or screwing is completed, the
opening of the dies releasing the screw. The opening of the dies is
effected at the required times by the machine itself, and the closing
+of the said dies is effected by hand.
The opening of the dies is effected by self-acting mechanism in the
following manner:-When the bolt or blank is screwed the required
-distance the end or point of the said bolt comes in contact with a stop
or regulating lever, which holds down a horizontal bar by which the
dies are kept closed, which stop or lever by disengaging a catch from

page_text: the said horizontal bar allows the said bar to slide up an inclined plane.
The pressure on the dies forces one-half of the solid die back, and the
chuck which holds the bolt being drawn back by a spring in. the
spindle of the machine, the screwed bolt falls into a trough. or basin..
By these improvements the unscrewing or back action of the screwed bolt
or article from the screwing, dies which is necessary in ordinary screwing
machines is avoided.
Our improvements consist, secondly, in the use of a quick-threaded
screw or inclined plane in the front end of the screwing spindle for
starting the blank into the screwing dies; the said screw or plane is
brought into operation by means of a lever raised by hand.. By means.
of the said screw or plane the blank on which the worm is to be cut
is advanced against and made to engage in the screwing dies.
Our improvements consist, thirdly, in fixing in a diagonal position
the rods by which the saddle carrying the screwing dies is supported.
By this arrangement the said rods are out of the way of the attendant,.
and afford great facility for arranging the dies.
Our improvements consist, fourthly, in fixing the screwing machine
on a hollow pillow or column in such a manner that the pillar or
column may be used for supporting an oil basin, the interior of the
pillar or column containing boxes for storing tools or for other purposes.
Our improvements consist, fifthly, in the general arrangement of the
screwing dies, the starting screw or plane, and the diagonal rods for
supporting the saddle carrying the dies herein-before referred to in
connection with each other, and in combination with the hollow pillar
or column hercin-before referred to.
Having explained the nature of our Invention we will proceed to
describe with reference to the accompanying Drawing the manner in...
which the same is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in side elevation (partly in longitudinal section)';;
and Figure 2 in end elevation a machine for cutting or worming screws.
containing our several improvements; Figure 3 is a cross-section of:
the saddle and oil basin of the machine; Figure 4 is a front elevation.
of the said saddle, and exhibits the self-acting mechanism for opening.
the screwing dies; Figure 5 is an end elevation of Figure 4; Figure 6.
represents in longitudinal section and cross section the screwing spindle
and chuck, and also exhibits the arrangements for starting the blank

page_text: into the screwing dies, and for drawing back the screwed bolt or article
on the opening of the screwing dies; Figure 7 represents in side
elevation a portion of Figure 6; Figure 8 represents a modification
of some of the details of the machine. The same letters of reference
are employed to indicate the same parts in each Figure of the
Drawing.
a is the saddle of the machine carrying the pair of screwing dies b, c.
The said saddle is supported by its knuckles a², a³, upon the rods d, d,
the said rods being fixed in a diagonal position in the machine, as will
be understood by an examination of Figures 3 and 4, from which it
will be seen that the rods passing through the knuckles of the saddle
are out of the way of the attendant, and ready access can be gained to
the screwing dies b, c. The screwing die c is fixed in the saddle a,
and the other and moveable die 6 is fixed in an arm or lever a* jointed
to the saddle a at a³ (see Figure 3). When the pair of dies c, d, are
closed they form a solid die. The moveable die is kept closed upon
the die c by means of a horizontal bar or lever e turning on the saddle a
at e. The free end of the bar e carries an adjustable pin which
bears upon an inclined plane a near the upper end of the lever a'. The
bar e is held down and the die 6 kept closed during the screwing of the
bolt or article by the mechanism best seen in Figures 4 and 5; that is
to say, on the free end of the horizontal fixing bar e is a depending
piece e' having an inclined projection or tooth e', upon which a hook or
catch on an arm g bears, and thereby holds down the said bar e, and
keeps the dies b, c, closed; the arm g is weighted by the weighted
rod h.
Instead of making the hook or catch of the arm g bear upon a
tooth or projection on the piece e' of the fixing bar e, the said hook or
catch may bear upon a loose or antifriction roller at the bottom of the
said piece e'. This modification is represented in Figure 8, where the
loose or antifriction roller is marked e³. In this arrangement the under
side of the catch is so shaped as to accurately fit upon the roller e³.
The arm g is situated on the outer end of the inclined shaft or axis i,
the inner end of which shaft or axis carries an arm or regulating lever k
for the purpose herein-after explained, which lever k is situated behind
the dies b, c, and in a line with the axis of the said dies (see Figures 1
and 4). The arms or levers g, k, on the ends of the shaft i are kept
down by the weighted arm h.

page_text: The opening of the dies b, c is effected by the machine in the
following manner:-When the bolt or blank placed in the chuck of
the rotating spindle m of the machine has been screwed the required
distance by the dies b, c, the end or point of the said screwed bolt comes
in contact with the regulating lever / behind the said dies. The said
lever k is thereby lifted or partly rotated, a corresponding motion being
given to the arm g, and the catch f of the said arm g is disengaged
from the projection or tooth (or roller) e³ of the horizontal fixing bar e;
the horizontal bar e and lever a' are thus released. The pressure of the
screwed bolt on the dies b, c, now forces the moveable dic 6 back, giving
motion to the lever a and causing the pine of the horizontal bar e
to slide up the inclined plane on the said lever; the dies b, c, are thus
opened and the screwed bolt released. As soon as the screwed bolt
is released from the dies b, c, it is drawn back by the action of the
screwing spindle m as hercin-after next described.
The mechanism for starting the blank into the screwing dies c, d,
and for drawing back the screwed bolt or article on the opening of
the said screwing dies is constructed as follows:-This part of our
Invention will be best understood by referring to Figures 6 and 7.
In the front of the screwing spindle m driven in the ordinary way is
the chuck l, in which the head of the bolt blank or article to be
screwed is placed. The said chuck is capable of a sliding motion in
the front end of the spindle, the said chuck being connected to the
said spindle by a helical spring n fixed in the manner represented to the
said chuck and spindle. The said chuck and spindle are connected
together by a sliding key, so that the rotation of the spindle com-
municates rotation to the chuck. In the front end of the case p of the
spindle is a screw box q provided with helical or screw threads or
pins q². Fitted in the screw box q is a quick-threaded screw r, its
depressions engaging with the screw threads or pins q³ of the said screw
box, as seen in the cross section of Figure 6;.the screw has on its
outer end a lever or handle
by which it is worked. By an exami-
nation of Figure 6 it will be seen that the head of the chuck lis
situated in front of the screw 7. After the bolt blank to be screwed has
been placed in the chuck the attendant raises the lever or handle 1³
of the screw r, the said screw is thereby moved from out its screw box,
and pushes before it the chuck and bolt blank to be screwed; the
bolt blank is thereby advanced against, and its end made to engage in
the screwing dies b, c; on loosing the lever it falls, and the screw r

page_text: is returned to the position represented. The screwing dies having seized
the bolt blank the said blank by the rotation of the spindle m and
chuck (which are connected together by a sliding key) is screwed
through the said dies to the required extent, the said chuck as the
screwing proceeds advancing out of its spindle and elongating the helical
spring n. The screwed bolt having been released from the dies b, c,
in the manner hercin-before described the chuck is drawn back by
the contraction of the spring n to the position represented in the
Drawing. On the drawing back of the chuck the screwed bolt is ejected
therefrom, and falls into the trough or oil basin s. The attendant
having closed the die 6 by hand, and fixed the catch f upon the pro-
jection (or roller) e³ of the horizontal bar e, the machine is again ready
to screw another bolt blank. The machine is supported on a hollow
pillar or column 1, in the interior of which are boxes for storing tools,
and for other purposes; access to the interior of the hollow pillar or
column is gained by the door 1. At the top of the pillar or column,
and between it and the bearing plates u of the machine, is an oil basin 8,
in which the bolts or articles fall after being screwed.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood
that we do not limit ourselves to the precise details herein described
and illustrated, as the same may be varied without departing from the
nature of our Invention; but we claim as our Invention of improve-
ments in machinery for cutting or worming screws,―
Firstly. Arranging the screwing dies of the said machinery, so that
one of the said dies is capable of opening from or closing against the
other and fixed die, for the purpose and substantially as herein-before
described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
Secondly. Opening at the proper times the said screwing dies by self-
acting mechanism, constructed and operating substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
Thirdly. The arrangement or combination of parts, substantially as
herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing
for drawing back the screwed bolt or article on the opening of the
screwing dies.
Fourthly. Starting the blank into the screwing dies by means of a
quick-threaded screw or inclined plane in front of the screwing spindle,

page_text: the said screw or inclined plane operating substantially as herein-before
described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
Fifthly. Fixing in a diagonal direction the rods by which the saddle
carrying the screwing die is supported [for the purpose and substan-
tially as herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawing.
Sixthly. Fixing the screwing machine on a hollow pillar or column
and supporting an oil basin on the said pillar, for the purposes and
substantially as herein-before described and illustrated in the accom-
panying Drawing.
Lastly. The general arrangement or combination of the parts
herein-before described into a machine for cutting or worming screws
as herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Bowen, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of December, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
eight
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
SAMUEL BOWEN. (L.S.)