AN IMPROVED HAIR BRUSHING APPARATUS
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Francis Collyer, of Coventry, in the County of Warwick,
Hair Dresser and Perfumer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED HAIR
BRUSHING APPARATUS."
Sealed the 1st September 1870, and dated the 9th March 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Francis Collyer at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th March 1876.
FRANCIS COLLYER, of Coventry, in the County of Warwick, Hair Dresser and
Perfumer. "AN IMPROVED HAIR BRUSHING APPARATUS."
This Invention relates to an arrangement of hair brushing apparatus which may
be applied to a chair back, and operated by an attendant or by the occupant of the
chair, and from its simplicity of construction and facility of adjustment will be
applicable to the trade generally as well as for private use.
The apparatus consists of a compound frame, the lower portion of which is fixed
to the chair back by clamping screws and nuts or otherwise, while the upper part
is made free to swing on a fulcrum rod forming part of the compound framing, and
is capable of being clamped to the fixed portion at any desired inclination. In the
upper end of this framing are formed bearings to receive the horizontal spindle of a
rotary brush which is driven by a band passing from a pulley on a stud axle to a
pulley on the brush spindle. A handle is fitted to the lower pulley in a convenient
position for either an attendant or the occupant of the seat to work it, and thereby
impart rotary motion to the brush.
To render the brush efficient the occupant of the seat must press his head against
the rotating brush, turning it from side so as to expose the hair at all parts of the
head to the action of the bristles.
The lower end of the swinging frame is formed with segment slots, or it may be
segment racks, to permit of its adjustment to any required angle, and the fixed
portion of the frame is slotted vertically, or it may be provided with other means of
adjustment for elevating or depressing the apparatus to suit persons of various
heights.
The brush is fitted to the spindle in such manner that it may be readily removed
therefrom, to permit of the application of softer or harder brushes thereto.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Francis Collyer in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th September
.1876.
FRANCIS COLLYER, of Coventry, in the County of Warwick, Hair Dresser nnd
Perfuiner. "AN IMPROVED HAIR BRUSHING APPARATUS."
This Invention relates to an arrangement of hair brushing apparatus which may
be applied to a chair back, and operated either by an attendant or by the occupant
of the chair himself. From its simplicity. of construction and facility of adjustment
the apparatus will however be applicable for the hair dressing trade generally as
well as for private use.
In the accompanying Drawing I have shewn two arrangements of apparatus,
one of which is intended for private use, and the other for the use of the hair
dressing trade generally.
"
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of the simplest form of apparatus, namely, that
which is intended for private use; Fig. 2 is a partial back elevation of the same
apparatus.
Fig. 3 is a side elevation; and Fig. 4, a back view of the apparatus, suitably
modified to render it more applicable for general use.
The principal working parts in both cases are the same, the main difference
being that in the latter case the framing which carries the working parts is made
adjustable so as to suit persons of different height.
It will be seen that the more complete apparatus shown at Figures 3 and 4
consists of a compound frame a, a, a, a, the lower portion a¹, a', of which is fixed
to the chair back b by clamping screws and nuts c, c, or otherwise, while the upper
part a, a, is inade free to swing on a fulcrum rod d forming part of the compound
framing a, a, and is capable of being clamped by the clamping serews e, e, to the
fixed portion a¹ at any desired inclination, a slotted sector f, Fig. 3, being provided
for the purpose at the lower end of the vertical frames a, a. In the upper end of
this framing a, a, are forined bearings to receive the horizontal spindle of a rotary
brush g, which is driven by a band ' passing from a pulley d¹ on a stud axle d to
a pulley g² on the brush spindle. A handle is fitted to the lower pulley d¹ in a
convenient position for either an attendant or the occupant of the seat himself to
work it, and thereby impart rotary motion to the brush 7 above.
When using the apparatus, the operator must sit astride the chair with his face
towards the back, so that he may turn the handle & with his right hand, and thereby
cause the brush g to rotate.
In order to make the apparatus act efficiently the occupant of the seat must press
his head against the rotating brush, at the same time moving or turning his head
from side to side so as to expose the hair at all parts of the head to the action of the
bristles while the brush is rotating.
The brush is fitted to the spindle in such manner that it may be readily removed
therefrom to permit of the application of softer or harder brushes thereto. To this
and the central part of the spindle is made square so as to fit a corresponding square
hole at the centre of the brush, which is kopt in its place on the square part of the
spindle by means of transverse keys or cottars as shewn at Fig. 4. "When the
brush spindle is lifted out of its bearings at the top of the vertical standards a, a,
the cylindrical brush can be removed therefrom by simply knocking out one of the
transverse keys or cottars, and then slipping the brush endwise off from the
spindle.
It has been already explained that the upper part a of the framing is capable of
swinging on the spindle and may be adjusted to any desired angle and fixed
thereat by means of the segments fand tightening or clamping screws 6.
The apparatus is also capable of adjustment vertically to suit persons of different
heights. For this purpose the lower part of the frame is made with slots a*, a*,

page_text: through which pass the clamping screws c, c, whereby the apparatus is secured to
the back of the chair.
When it is desired to raise the apparatus so as to bring the brush into a position
to suit a tall man, this object is effected by first loosening the clamping screws c, c,
and then turning the vertical screw shaft h by means of its handles h¹. The lower end
of this screw shaft his supported by and turns in a fixed bearing i secured to the back
rails of the chair in any convenient manner. The screwed end of the shaft passes
through a female screw j at the central part of one of the transverse rails of the
framing a, a. It will now be understood that by turning the screw shaft /, tho
framing a, a, and consequently the rotating brush will be raised up to the desired
altitude, where it may be temporarily fixed by tightening the clamping screws c, c.
As the rotating brush and the parts connected therewith may thus be raised or
lowered, and the frame a also inclined to any desired angle within cortain limits, it
will be evident that the apparatus may be easily adjusted to suit persons of different
heights. This arrangement of apparatus is therefore particularly applicable for
general use, but when the use of the apparatus is to be confined to one person, or
oven to several persons of about the same stature, the adjustments above described
may be dispensed with, as the apparatus will of course be specially constructed to
suit a certain person or persons. The apparatus may then be of the simple character
shewn at Figures 1 and 2, in which there is no compound swinging frame. The
uprights a, a, which carry the rotating brush and the driving gear are secured to
the back of the chair by means of clamping screws c, c, which pass through
slots a* in the vertical standards, so that the frame a, a, when the clamping screws
c, c, are loosened may be moved up or down by hand within certain limits, instead
of being raised or lowered by means of the vertical screw h as in Figures 3 and 4.
As all the working parts in Figures 1 and 2 are marked with the same letters of
reference as the analogous parts in Figures 3 and 4 already described no further
description thereof will be required.
Having now described my Invention of an improved hair brushing apparatus,
and having explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I claim as the
Invention secured to me by Letters Patent as aforesaid, mounting a rotary brush
together with its driving gear in a frame which is capable of being attached to the
back of a chair, in such a manner that the occupant of the chair may actuate the
working parts and operate upon his own head without further assistance as herein
set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Francis Collyer, have hereunto set my hand and
1
FRANCIS COLLYER. (L.S.)