IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OR MEANS PROVISIONAL SPATION MET MEANS EMPLOYED IN TREATING AND CLARIFYING SEWAGE OR OTHER IMPURE WATERS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Hallsworth, of Armley, and Richard
Bailes, of Woodhouse Carr, both near Leeds, in the County of
York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OR MEANS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Hallsworth
and Richard Bailes at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 17th February 1875.
We, SAMUEL HALLSWORTH, of Armley, and RICHARD BAILES, of
Woodhouse Carr, both near Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
METHOD OR MEANS EMPLOYED IN TREATING AND CLARIFYING SEWAGE OR OTHER
IMPURE WATERS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in the preparation of clarifying mixtures
"which are prepared from certain materials and liquids herein named,
and in the use of the said clarifying mixtures" in connection with "gas

page_text: Time” (which has been used in the purification of coal gas), or
lime."
"slacked
We first dry, then grind or crush in a mortar mill or by other suitable
means the following materials separate or combined :-Copperas, dry
copperas, copperas bottoms, copperas sediment, the sediment that subsides
from the manufacture of nitrate of iron, the spent residue of iron pyrites
after being calcined for the production of sulphuric acid, also spent
pyrites which may have piled upon heaps for a time and exposed to the
weather, and such iron ores or slags containing iron that are capable of
being ground or crushed to a fine powder.
We next take a given weight of the above-mentioned spent residue of
iron pyrites, or of one or other of the iron ores or slags in fine powder,
and well mix with an equal weight of any of the following materials :-
Copperas, dry copperas, copperas bottoms, copperas sediment, or sediment
from the manufacture of nitrate of iron, and carefully calcine the mixture
in a furnace or other suitable equivalent. It may then be taken out, and
allowed to cool. We call this No. 1 clarifying mixture.
In our next process we take a quantity of spent residue of iron
pyrites, iron ore, or slag containing iron in fine powder, and saturate it
with the liquor that runs from the beds of iron pyrites at copperas works,
or with diluted sulphuric acid about twenty degrees (Twaddle's hydro-
meter), or with muriatic acid, or with diluted nitric acid about twenty-
four degrees (Twaddle). This we call No. 2 clarifying mixture.
We now proceed to state the manner in which we treat and clarify
sewage water or other impure or waste waters. The impure or waste
water or sewage may be run into a tank or other suitable receptacle.
Say to five thousand gallons of sewage, impure or waste water, we add
the following ingredients and of about the following quantities :—
Seventy-eight pounds of "slacked lime," or one hundred and fifty-six
pounds of "gas lime," and twenty-three pounds of clarifying mixture,
No. 1, or forty-six pounds of the clarifying mixture, No. 2. Having run
the sewage, impure, or waste water into the tank the "slacked lime" or
gas lime is mixed with a portion of the sewage, impure, or waste
water to a thin paste or milky state in a tank or other equivalent, then
added to the sewage, impure, or waste water under treatment, and well
mixed by means of an agitator or other suitable equivalent. The sewage,
impure, or waste water then becomes curdled or cracked, and the
"
""

page_text: clarifying mixture being previously mixed with a portion of the sewage,
impure, or waste water to a thin paste is then added, well agitated again,
and afterwards allowed to settle; the impurities and discolourations are
precipitated, and the clear water may then be run off. In this operation
the ingredients used are not wholly exhausted, so that in a second
operation less of them will be required. About half the quantities have
been found to effect the purpose.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Samuel Hallsworth and Richard Bailes in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 17th August 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, SAMUEL
HALLSWORTH, of Armley, and RICHARD BALLES, of Woodhouse Carr,
both near Leeds, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Samuel Hallsworth and Richard Bailes,
Her special licence, that we, the said Samuel Hallsworth and Richard
Bailes, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we,
the said Samuel Hallsworth and Richard Bailes, our executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD
OR MEANS EMPLOYED IN TREATING AND CLARIFYING SEWAGE OR OTHER IMPURE
WATERS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Samuel
Hallsworth and Richard Bailes, our executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under our, or one of our, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Samuel Hallsworth and Richard
Bailes, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say :—
Our Invention consists in the preparation of clarifying mixtures
which are prepared from certain materials and liquids herein named,
and in the use of the said clarifying mixtures in connection with "
lime" (which has been used in the purification of coal gas), or " slacked
lime."
gas
We first dry, then grind or crush in a mortar mill or by other suitable
means the following materials, separate or combined :-Copperas, dry
copperas, copperas bottoms, copperas sediment, the sediment that
subsides from the manufacture of nitrate of iron, the spent residue
of iron pyrites after being calcined for the production of sulphuric
acid, also spent pyrites which may have been piled upon heaps for a
time and exposed to the weather, and such iron ores as are in a peroxy-
dized state containing iron capable of being ground or crushed to a fine
powder.
We next take a given weight of the above-mentioned spent residue of
iron pyrites, or of one or other of the iron ores in a peroxydized state in
fine powder, and well mix with an equal weight of any of the following
materials:Copperas, dry copperas, copperas bottoms, copperas sedi-
ment, or sediment from the manufacture of nitrate of iron, and carefully
calcine the mixture in a furnace or other suitable equivalent. It may
then be taken out, and allowed to cool. We call this No. 1 clarifying
mixture.
In our next process we take a quantity of spent residue of iron
pyrites, iron ore containing iron in fine powder, and saturate it with the
liquor that runs from the beds of iron pyrites at copperas works, or with
diluted sulphuric acid about twenty degrees (Twaddle's hydrometer), or
with muriatic acid. This we call No. 2 clarifying mixture.
We now proceed to state the manner in which we treat and clarify
sewage water or other impure or waste waters. The impure or waste
water or sewage may be run into a tank or other suitable receptacle.
Say to five thousand gallons of sewage, impure, or waste water we add
the following ingredients, and of about the following quantities, viz. :—
Seventy-eight pounds of "slacked lime," or one hundred and fifty-six

page_text: "
pounds of "gas lime," and twenty-three pounds of clarifying mixture,
No. 1, or forty-six pounds of the clarifying mixture, No. 2. Having run
the sewage, impure, or waste water into the tank the "slacked lime
or gas lime is mixed with a portion of the sewage, impure, or waste
water to a thin paste or milky state in a tank or other equivalent, then
added to the sewage, impure, or waste water under treatment, and well
mixed by means of an agitator or other suitable equivalent. The sewage,
impure, or waste water then becomes curdled or cracked, and the
clarifying mixture being previously mixed with a portion of the sewage,
impure, or waste water to a thin paste is then added, well agitated again,
and afterwards allowed to settle, the impurities and discolourations are
precipitated, and the clear water may then be run off. In this operation
the ingredients used are not wholly exhausted, so that in a second
operation less of them will be required. About half the quantities have
been found to effect the purpose.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention we would
here remark that the ingredients forming the various clarifying mixture
may be varied in their quantitics to suit the varied impurities of sewage
or other impure waters without in any way departing from the nature of
our Invention; but what we do claim and desire to be secured to us by
Letters Patent is, the combination of the various herein-before named
ingredients and their application for clarifying sewage and other impure
waters, substantially as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Hallsworth, for myself and
on behalf of the said Richard Bailes, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fourteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
SAMUEL HALLSWORTH. (L.S.)