Improvements in Kilns or Furnaces, applicable for Burning Lime and other Minerals.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Apr., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 11th Jan., 1896-Accepted, 15th Feb., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Kilns or Furnaces, applicable for Burning Lime
and other Minerals.
We, HENRY SIMMONDS, of Colne, in the County of Lancaster, Gas Engineer,
and JOHN DELANEY, of Horton in Ribblesdale, in the County of York, Lime
Burner and Quarry Owner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention is designed to provide a furnace or kiln for the burning of
mineral substances such as lime-stone iron-stope chalk cement or the like in which
what is known as producer gas or other gaseous fuel may be used instead of the
ordinary solid fuel.
In the burning of lime it has hitherto been customary to fill or charge the kiln
with alternate layers or charges of limestone and ccal or coke the ash and residue
or clinker from which deteriorated the quality of the lime with which they came in
contact or with which they became mixed and we consider that by the use of a
gaseous fuel a greater percentage of first quality lime will be produced from a given
amount of lime stone.
The invention consists essentially in constructing the kilu or furnace with a
combustion chamber over the fuel inlet formed of a bridge or arch with passages
at both sides or by a slope or hood extending from the sides and covering the
inlet a cooling chamber below the combustion chamber gas producers placed at the
sides of the cooling chamber and an air supply or air inlet placed so that the air is
delivered close to the fuel inlet and is heated by the cooling lime.
In carrying out the invention we construct the furnace either vertical throughout
its whole length or inclined for part of its length with two parts or chambers a
burning chamber and a cooling chamber.
At the bottom of the burning chamber we place a bridge or arch extending
across the centre of the kiln with a space or passage at either side and below this
are placed the inlets for the gaseous fuel which connect the kiln with the producer.
A combustion chamber is formed beneath the arch where the producer gas mixes
with sufficient air to support and promote vigorous combustion. The bridge or
arch may be made of fire brick or other suitable material.
Below this bridge or arch is the cooling chamber into which the lime falls from
the burning chamber.
Air inlets or passages are formed through the walls of the lower part of the
kiln such passages extending the length of and close to the cooling chamber
delivering the air into or near to the fuel inlet. By this arrangement the air is
heated to a high temperature by the waste heat from the cooling chamber. Some
air is admitted to the cooling chamber which passes up through the cooling lime to
support combustion in the kiln.
Instead of a bridge or arch extending across the kiln, the fuel inlets may be
covered or protected and a combustion chamber formed by a slope or hood
extending out from the side of the kiln but at present we prefer the bridge
or arch.
One two or more (preferably two) gas producers are placed at the sides of the
cooling chamber the gas produced in which enters the kiln through the fuel inlet.

page_text: The producers are formed with charging orifice and grate and a chamber to receive
the coke from which the gas is produced.
Dated this 10th day of April 1895.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.
Improvements in Kilns or Furnaces, applicable for Burning Lime
and other Minerals.
We, HENRY SIMMONDS, of Colne, in the County of Lancaster, Gas Engineer,
and JOHN DELANEY, of Horton in Ribblesdale, in the County of York, Lime
Burner and Quarry Owner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention is designed to provide a furnace or kiln for the burning of
mineral substances such as lime-stone, iron-stone, chalk, cement or the like in
which what is known as producer gas or other gaseous fuel may be used instead of
or in conjunction with the ordinary solid fuel.
In the burning of lime it has hitherto been generally customary to fill or charge
the kiln with alternate layers or charges of limestone and coal or coke the ash and
residue or clinker from which deteriorated the quality of the lime with which they
came in contact or with which they became mixed and we consider that by the
use of a gaseous fuel or a large percentage of gaseous fuel a greater percentage of
first quality lime will be produced at a much less cost, a greater output of lime
per kiln per 24 hours, the lime containing considerably less of impurities, such as
sulphur-compounds, ash and clinker, et caetera.
The invention refers to constructing the kiln or furnace with a combustion
chamber over the fuel inlet formed of a hollow bridge or arch with passages at both
sides or with a hollow hood extending from the sides and covering the inlet, a
cooling chamber below the combustion chamber gas producers placed at the sides
of the cooling chamber and an air supply or air inlet placed so that heated air
is delivered close to the fuel inlet which has been heated by the cooling lime.
The invention will be fully described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
Fig. 1. is a front elevation..
Fig. 2. is a sectional elevation on line - Figs. 4 and 5.
Fig. 3. is a sectional elevation on line y-y Figs. 4 and 5.
Fig. 4. is a sectional plan on line =-= Figs. 1 and 2.
Fig. 5. is a plan.
In carrying out the invention we construct the kiln either. vertical throughout
its whole length or inclined for part of its length with two parts or chambers a
burning chamber A and a cooling chamber R

page_text: Below the hollow arch or bridge C is the cooling chamber B into which the
lime at a white heat falls from the burning chamber and gradually cools being
removed through apertures or openings b at the bottom.
One, two or more gas producers E are affixed or built to the side of the cooling.
chamber B of the kiln being connected thereto by the inlet D which opens into
the combustion chamber c below the hollow arch C. The producer E is formed
with a charging orifice F at top closed by a door or lid fand with a grate Gat
the bottom upon which coal coke or other fuel capable of producing or generating
combustible gases is heated. Below the grate is an ashpan H provided with a
water supply pipe hand a water overflow pipe h. A supply of water is thereby kept
in the ashpan H from which steam is generated and passes up with the gases.
produced in the chamber of the producer through the inlet D into the combustion.
chamber. The steam generated in the ashpan is converted into carbonic oxide gas
whilst passing through the incandescent coke and passes up with the gases et caetera.
A door K is placed in front of the grate G through which the clinkers and ashes
may be removed, this door is provided with apertures k through which the primary
air supply is admitted to the producer.
In the wall of the producer E and opposite the inlet D is formed a sight hole or
rake hole d and in the opposite wall of the kiln facing the inlet D is an auxiliary
inlet D closed by a door d' through which a small quantity of solid fuel may from
time to time be supplied to the combustion chamber c to assist or augment the-
combustion of the gaseous fuel supplied through the inlet D from the producer E.
By the use of solid fuel along with gaseous fuel we find that the output of lime
per ton of coal used is greatly increased.
The inlet D is regulated or opened or closed by a damper L suspended by a.
chain and balance weight 1.
Air inlet passages M are formed in the walls of the cooling chamber B through
which a secondary supply of air is admitted to promote the combustion of the
gaseous fuel entering the kiln through the inlet D. The air passages M are built
into the walls of the kiln and follow a zig-zag or sinuous course to allow of the air
being heated to a high temperature before entering the kiln. The air is delivered.
through an aperture m at the mouth of the inlet D thereby becoming thoroughly
mixed with the gases as they enter the combustion chamber c.
The mouth or-
inlet to the air passage M is provided with a regulating door or damper N by
which the quantity of air entering can be regulated and controlled.
Additional air may be admitted if required through the cooling chamber B at
the openings b.
Instead of a hollow bridge or arch extending across the kiln the fuel inlets D, D¹.
may be covered or protected and a combustion chamber formed by hollow hoods
extending out from the sides of the kiln but at present we prefer the hollow bridge.
or arch C. The top of the kiln is closed by an automatic tipping door R through
which the kiln is charged. This door R keeps the kiln warm at top and the
draught under control.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven--
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
1. A kiln for burning lime-stone or other material constructed with a hollow
arch or its equivalent such as C provided at its under side with a combustion
chamber such as c into which the solid material cannot enter and supplied with.
fuel from inlets D, D¹ in the sides of the kiln substantially as described.
2. A kiln for burning lime or other material constructed with an arch or bridge
beneath which is a combustion chamber, a gas producer placed at one side with an
inlet D, through which gaseous fuel is supplied, an additional inlet D¹, through
which a small percentage of solid fuel is supplied to augment combustion and a
secondary air supply passage of zig-zag or sinuous form through which heated air-
to promote the combustion of the fuel is supplied substantially as described.

page_text: 3. A kiln for burning lime or other material having the several parts constructed
and arranged in combination substantially as described and shown.
Dated this 4th day of January 1896.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool, and London, Patent Agents.