Improvements in Molders' Flasks.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 12th May, 1891-Accepted, 13th June, 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Molders' Flasks.
I, WILLIAM GORDON RICHARDS, of No. 536 Broadway, Boston, in the County
of Suffolk, and State of Massachusetts, United States of America, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN MOLDERS
FLASKS, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this Specification-
Fig. 1 is a plan view of my improved flask, a portion of the pouring-head being
broken away, and the "chill" not being shown.
Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of the pouring-head.
Fig. 4 is a central vertical section through the flask and mold.
Fig. 5 is a plan view of the under side of the bottom-board.
Fig. 6 is a plan view of the under side of a portion of the bottom-board with the
removable plate thereon.
Fig. 7 is a cross-section of the parts shown in Fig. 6, the view being taken in
line a a.
Fig. 8 is a front view of a portion of a flask similar to the one shown in Fig. 1,
but showing a modified way of attaching the pouring-head.
Similar characters designate like parts in all the figures.
My improved flask consists of the nowel-frame 2, the usual chill, D, resting on
said nowel-frame and having the usual dowel-pins, 50, for retaining the said parts in
place relatively to each other; and the cope-frame, 3, which rests on the said chill
and is removably-secured thereto by the bolts 51, which bolts pass through ears 52
and 53 formed on said chill and cope, respectively, and are furnished with the keys
or wedges 54. The nowel part, 2, of the flask, is set on the usual bottom-board 55,
and is properly located thercon by the dowel-pins 56, which are fixed in cars, 57,
formed on the nowel-frame, 2, of the flask. In practice, the bottom-board 55, and
also the partition walls 58, may be perforated with numerous small holes, in a well-
known manner, to increase their hold upon the material of the mold.
For stiffening said bottom-board and also for supporting the same at a suitable
distance above the foundry floor, it is provided with a circular rim, 59, extending
nearly around the board near the periphery thereof. Within said rim 59, said
bottom-board is further stiffened by ribs 60 and 61, which I make of slightly less
depth than the rim 59. From the rib 60 and extending out to the margin of the
bottom-board, I make an opening, 62, from whose edges depend two substantially
parallel ribs, 63 and 64. Said opening 62 is closed by the bottom-plate 65, which
is removably held in place under said ribs 63 and 64 by means of clamps also
removably affixed to said bottom-board. The preferred construction of these details
is shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7. The bottom-plate 65 has side flanges 66 and 67 on
the opposite sides thereof, respectively. Clamps 68 and 69 are affixed to the
bosses 70 and 71 by screws 72, and project under said flanges 66 and 67, respectively.
In practice, these several parts are so fitted up that the plate 65 may be removed
by sliding the same away from the rib 60 until the flanges 66 and 67 are out of
engagement with said clamps, when the plate may be taken off. But if leakage of
molten metal or other obstruction should prevent this method of removing said
plate, then by removing said screws 72, the bottom-plate may be taken off without
sliding it endwise. The space 62 above said bottom-plate and between said ribs 63'
and 64 is provided wherein to form the runner 7, which communicates through the
vertical passages 8 8 with the under side of the mold, which, as shown in Fig. 4, is
filled by the car-wheel W, there shown in section and with the arch-core F
therein.

page_text: As shown in Figs. 1 and 4, the cope part, 3, of the flask is provided with a
number of radial partitions 58, and with the central ring 74, for supporting the
sand of the cope. A. mumber of anchor-holders, 75, (of which four are shown in the
drawing,) are screwed into the partitions or, ribs 58, and are bored to receive
the wires or anchor-rods. 76, by which the arch-core F is held down during the
filling of the mold; said rods being secured by wedges, 77, which pass through said
holders tangential to said rods. In practice, after making the mold in substantially
the usual manner, the core being set in place and the mold closed, the rods 76
are put in and firmly pushed down through the holders 75 and the perforations in
the ribs 58, against the said core, when the wedges 77 are firmly tightened by
driving them with a light hammer. The mold being filled, the metal of the wheel W
firmly encloses said rods, which may afterward be cut off, leaving the ends thereof
remaining in the casting.
Owing to the unavoidable presence of sand, wedges for holding the rods 76 are
found preferable to bolts, screws, or other clamping devices; and for said wedges I
find well-formed cut nails to be suitable, since these are regular in size, of the
proper taper, and inexpensive, besides being always at hand in foundries generally.
The central rim 74 of the cope-frame 3 is divided at two points, 78 and 79, to avoid
breakage from expansion when the mold is highly heated by the contained molten
metal, which expands the central part much more rapidly and sooner than it expands
the outer rim. Each half-portion of said rim 74 is connected integrally with two of
the ribs 58, thereby securing the strongest construction permissible under the
circumstances. The space between the main ribs 58 is divided by a series of thinner
ribs 80, which extend inward from the rim 3 nearly to the circle 74, for supporting
the sand of the cope.
The pouring-head E is formed in two parts, 81 and 82, and is held together at
the upper end by the clamp-ring 83, which fits on the inclined ribs 84 formed on
said parts.
For properly locating said parts 81 and 82 the one on the other, the
dowel-pins 85 85 are provided. A flange, 86, is formed on the lower end of the
pouring-head E, to hold the said head in place on the flask. When said head is set
in place on the flask, as in Figs. 1, 2 and 4, the said flange 86 rests against the
abutment or flange, 87, of the bottom-board 55, and between the lugs 88 and 89 of
said board; the upper part of the flange 86 overlaps and rests on top of the said
lugs as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, thus supporting the weight of the head E on the
surfaces 90 90, Fig. 1. To lock the head E in place I use a pair of wedges, 91,
which stand in the notches 92, and are driven firmly between the flange 86 of the
head and the ends or hooks, 93 and 94, of the lugs 88 and 89 respectively. Sce
Figs. and 5. Said wedges 91 may be separate, but I prefer the construction
illustrated in the drawings, wherein the wedges are shown firmly connected by the
yoke 95, which extends over the curved lower end of the head E, outside of the
Hange 86. By means of this connecting yoke or bar, both wedges are readily
operated at once, being "driven home" by a blow on the bar, and readily removed
by a bar inserted under said yoke.
In making the mold, the nowel and the cope are handled and made up in the
usual way, and are assembled with the chill in place between' them, the core being
properly set as above mentioned, and the nowel having the passage-way 7 for
inflowing metal and leading from the vertical face 96 to the under side of the mold.
The pouring-head E is properly lined with sand, as at 97, leaving a passage at 6,
which, when' said head is set in place as shown, connects with the passage 7. After
the mold is poured and the metal is slightly cooled, the wedges 91 are pried out and
the pouring-head forcibly separated from the nowel, breaking the metal of the
"runner" at the joint 96. The ring 83 is then knocked off, allowing the two
parts, 81 and 82, of the head E to separate, and the contained sand and metal to
drop out. The remaining operations of opening the mold and removing the casting
will be understood from the drawing and preceding description, without further
explanation!
In Fig. 8 of the drawings I have shown a modified way of constructing and

page_text: attaching the pouring-head to the nowel-frame 2 of the flask. Referring to said
Fig. 8, the pouring-head E¹ is shown formed in two parts, which may be held
together in any well-known manner, as for instance, by the bolts 102, that
pass through the lugs formed on said parts. Said head E' has the base
flange 105 formed thereon, and which rests on the side walls 106 of the
projecting part 107 of the nowel-frame 2. Oppositely-disposed projections or
ears, 108, are formed on the flange 105, similar ears 109 being formed on said
walls 106. The pouring-head E' is held in place by stout wedges or clamps, 110,
which are driven onto the said ears, thereby securely clamping the head E' onto the
nowel 2. The projecting part 107 of the nowel has formed thereon the lugs 112,
which serve as stops, and engage the flange 105, for locating the head E' properly
on the nowel and locking together the two parts thereof.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what !
claim is:
1. In a molder's flask, the combination with the lower part or frame for the
nowel, having at one side thereof an open extension provided with projecting flanges
and stops substantially as described, of the pouring head having corresponding
flanges and stops and constructed to set on said open extension in engagement with
said frame stops, and means clamping said head to said extension by said flanges,
substantially as described.
2. In a molder's flask, the combination with the nowel and the bottom-board
provided with a pouring-head at one side thereof, said bottom-board having an
opening extending from the pouring-head along under the runner, of the bottom-
plate under said bottom-board opening, and means substantially as described
removably holding in place said bottom-plate, substantially as described.
3. In a molder's flask, the combination with the bottom-board having the
opening 62 and the depending ribs 63 and 64 at the side of said opening, of the
bottom-plate 65 and clamps removably fixed to the bottom-board and engaging
the said bottom-plate, substantially as described.
4. In a molder's flask, the combination with the bottom-board having an opening
with depending ribs on either side thereof, of the bottom-plate having the short side
flanges 66 67, and clamps removably fixed to the bottom-board and engaging said
flanges, and a stop limiting the longitudinal movement of said bottom-plate under
said clamps, substantially as described.
5. In a molder's flask, the combination with the bottom-board having the
flange 87 and the lugs 88 89, said lugs being constructed, to engage pouring-head-
locking devices, of the pouring-head E having flange 86 constructed to bear against
flange 87 and to rest on said lugs, whereby the weight of said head is sustained by
said lugs, and wedges engaging between the lugs and pouring-head flange, whereby
the pouring-head is locked in place, substantially as described.
6. In a molder's flask, the combination with the bottom-board having a vertical
seat for the pouring-head and having the horizontal oppositely-dispose lugs on
either side of said pouring-head seat, of the pouring-head constructed to rest
against said seat between said lugs, and locking devices substantially as described
engaging said lugs and bearing against the pouring-head, whereby said pouring-
head is held in place against its said seat, and whereby on removal of said locking-
means the pouring-head is free to be removed, substantially as described.
7. In a molder's flask, the combination with the bottom-board having the
flange 87 and the lugs 88 and 89, said lugs being constructed to engage the
pouring-head-locking devices, of the pouring-head E having the flange 86
constructed to bear against flange 87 and to rest on said lugs, whereby the
weight of said head is sustained by said lugs, and wedges engaging between the
lugs and pouring-head flanges, whereby the pouring-head is locked in place, sub-
stantially as described.
8. In a molder's flask, the combination with the bottom-board having the

page_text: flange 87 and the lugs 88 89 provided with hooks 93 94, of the pouring-head E
having the flange 86 fitting between said lugs and bearing thereon, and the wedges
engaging between said hooks and the flange 86 to hold the pouring-head against
flange 87, whereby said head is removably fixed in place, substantially as
described.
9. In a molder's flask, the combination with the bottom-board, constructed substan-
tially as described to receive the pouring-head, of the pouring-head constructed sub-
stantially as described to rest against said bottom-board, and connected wedges one
on either side of said pouring-head at the lower end thereof, said wedges engaging the
bottom-board and pouring-head to lock the same together, and being united by a
bar whereby said wedges may be driven in place and removed, substantially as
described.
10. In a molder's flask, the combination with the bottom-board having the
flange 87, and having lugs 88 89 each hook-provided, of the pouring-head E
formed in two parts, 81 and 82, and constructed to engage between said lugs and
bear on said Hange 87, means uniting the upper ends of said pouring-head parts,
and locking devices substantially as described engaging the hooks of said lugs for
clamping said head in place, the lower ends of the pouring-head parts being held
together by engaging between said lugs, substantially as described.
11. In a molder's Hask, the combination with the nowel and the cope-frame and
the core set on the nowel, of anchor-rod holders substantially as described fixed to
the cope-frame over perforations therein, anchor-rods extending through said
holders and perforations, and wedges cross-wise to the anchor-rods in said holders,
whereby said rods are fixed in place to resist the rising of the core during the filling
of the mold, substantially as described.
12. In a molder's flask, the combination with the cope-frame outer ring, of the
inner ring divided into segments, and a pair of ribs joining each segment with the
outer ring, said ribs joining the segment near the ends thereof, and ribs extending
inward from the outer ring and located between the segment-supporting ribs, said
intermediate ribs not joining said segment, substantially as described.
Dated this 12th day of May 1891
S. S. BROMHEAD,
97, Newgate Street, London, E.C., Patent Agent.