IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS RETORTS AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1885

page_text: I, HENRY JOHN ROGERS of Lavington House Watford in the County of Herts
Engineer, do hereby declare.the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS
RETORTS AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH to be as follows:-
"
Retort formed in two divisions one (the upper) recessed back from the lower so
that the oil and steam are injected into the hottest part of such division-No
mouthpiece required-" Receiver" substituted for a hydraulic-Formation of a
ridge or shelf between the two retorts for the brick or iron baffle to rest on―The
protection of the superheater by placing it inside the retort.
The object of this Invention is the construction of an improved form of gas
retort where Hydrocarbons, water or steam or air with or without solid fuel or
solid gas-producing substances are used in connection one with the other for the
production of beating or illuminating gases.
Hitherto the oil has been injected into the retort at the extreme end where the
retort is comparitively cool, thus the oil is not immediately vaporized but solidifies
and causes the blocking up of the pipes leading from the retort.
To obviate this I purpose forming my retort in two divisions, the upper division
recessed behind the lower division so that the steam and oil or other hydrocarbons
are injected into the hottest part of the upper division of the retort and are thus
immediately vaporized.
I do not use a mouthpiece with this improved retort but I form an outlet on the
lower division of the said retort and thus economize both in space and cost and
I connect two or more retorts together by an arrangement of pipes which I call a
"receiver" consisting simply of a horizontal pipe of large diameter into which
vertical pipes from the various retorts pass, the gas passing from thence into the
cooler or condenser in the ordinary way thus avoiding the necessity for a hydraulic,
any one of a series of retorts being stopped off by the insertion of a plug in the
said receiver the facilities for cleansing the pipes and retorts being very much
increased by this arrangement.

page_text: I make the upper division of the retort much smaller than the lower division
thus forming between the two divisions of the said retorts a ridge or shelf upon
which the brick or iron baffle used for directing the course of the flame round the
retorts can rest and I thus ensure that the upper part of the retort is not of so
high a temperature as the lower part thereby gradually distilling the gas-making
ingredients and gradually, but surely, "fixing" the gas thus produced.
It has been customary to place the superheating pipe for raising the temperature
of the steam used for the production of gas above or around the retort and more or
less in direct contact with the flame of the furnace The result of this is a very
rapid destruction of the said pipe, I place the superheating pipe inside the rotort
and thus effectually heat it and at the same time protect and preserve it from too
rapid decay.

page_text: I HENRY JOHN ROGERS of Lavington House Watford Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to he particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The object of this Invention is the construction of an improved form of gas
retort wherein Hydrocarbons, water or steam or air; any two or more of which
are used in connection one with the other for the production of illuminating or
heating gases.
Hitherto the oil has been injected into the retort at the extreme end where it is
comparatively cool thus the oil is not immediately vaporized but solidifies and
causes the blocking up of the pipes leading from the retort.
To obviate this I purpose forming my retort in two divisions A. B, the upper
division recessed behind the lower division, so that the steam and oil or other
hydrocarbon are injected into the hottest part of the upper division A of the retort
and are there immediately vaporized, passing thence into the lower division B of
the retort where the gas generated in A is "fixed" and rendered permanent.
I do not use
mouthpiece with my improved retort but I form an outlet C on
the lower division of the said retort and thus economize both in space and cost
and I connect two or more retorts together by an arrangement of pipes which
I call a receiver consisting simply of a horizontal pipe R of large diameter with
which vertical pipes D. D. from the various retorts are connected, the gas passing
from thence into the cooler or condenser in the ordinary way, thus avoiding the
necessity for a hydraulic, any one of a series of retorts being stopped off by the
insertion of a plug at 8. t. in the said receiver, the facilities for cleansing the pipes
and retorts being very much increased by this arrangement.
i
I make the upper division of the retort A much smaller than the lower
division B, thus forming between the two divisions of the said retort a ridge or
shelf upon which the brick or iron baffles used for directing the course of the
flame round the retorts can rest, and I thus insure that the upper part of the retort*
is not of so high a temperature as the lower part, thereby gradually distilling the
gas-making ingredients and gradually but surely "fixing" the gas thus produced.
It has been customary to place the superheating pipe F for raising the
temperature of the steam used for the production of gas above or around the retort
and more or less in direct contact with the flame of the furnace, the result of this
is a very rapid destruction of the said pipe F. I place this superbeating pipe
inside the retort and thus effectually heat it and at the same time protect and
preserve it from too rapid decomposition. The steam jet or injector usually
employed for injecting the oil and steam frequently becomes stopped up, I therefore
arrange two pipes passing into the upper retort A, the top one 6 for the admission
of the oil which drops onto a jet of steam issuing from a fan-shaped orifice at the
end of a lower pipe e thus distributing the oil over the heated surfaces of the upper
division of the retort,

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that I do not
claim:
claim the shape or configuration of the double retort A-B, but
1° The construction of a retort for the distillation of liquid hydrocarbons and
water or steam or air with the upper division recessed behind the lower, so that
the gas-producing substances are injected into the hottest part of the retort
at once.
2° The enclosing of the superheating pipe F inside the retort to protect it from
the flame and thereby prevent its speedy destruction.
3° The retort constructed without a mouthpiece and with a ridge for carrying
the Baffle.
-
4° The method of admitting the Hydrocarbon and steam or water or air into
the retort for the purpose of forming or producing illuminating or heating gases.