Improvements in Joints or Connections for Hot Water or Heating Pipes.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Feb., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 1st Nov., 1890-Accepted, 20th Dec., 1890
Improvements in Joints or Connections for Hot Water or Heating
Pipes.
1. SAMUEL SAUNDERS of 93 Upper Moss Lane Hulme, Manchester in the County of
Lancaster Heating Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
My invention relates more particularly to the joints of pipes used for heating or
warming purposes. I make the pipes with spiggot and faucet ends but without bolt
holes or lugs for bolts. The socket being larger in diameter than the rest of the pipe
forms a shoulder, which may be made deeper by having a flange-like projection cast
round it. The joint is made by means of a joint ring of india rubber or other suit-
able material, which is compressed between the end of the socket and a loose metal
ring which is drawn up to the socket by means of bolts. The said bolts are made with
hook heads which hook on to the back of the projecting socket or collar on the same.
In some cases I apply behind the socket a second loose ring with bolt holes to hold
the bolt heads. In the cases of elbows, tees or other fittings or pipes which would not
permit such loose ring to slide up to the back of the socket the said ring may be made
in halves or sections and be put on the pipe behind the socket.
In some cases the joint ring may enter the socket along with the spiggot end of
the pipe, and be compressed by means of a loose gland, like the gland of a stuffing
box, but in any case there would not be lugs with bolt holes cast on either end of
the pipe.
Heating coils are made by connecting together a series of pipes by means of end
boxes having recesses, sockets, or other preparations for receiving the ends of the
pipes which pass from one box to the other the joints being caulked or the pipes and
boxes are otherwise secured together. I make the pipes or each row of pipes with a
section of the boxes cast on each end so that a pipe and its ends or a row of pipes and
its ends form one section of a coil. The sections so formed are placed together
and are secured by means of bolts and with the provision of suitable stop ends form
a complete coil.
I prefer to make the joint between one section and another with tongue and groove
faces and I fill up the groove with red lead, cement or other suitable jointing and then
bed the tongued face of the adjoining section to it.
If preferred however the flange joints and joint rings may be used.
In moulding long coils when it is necessary to use core bars, provision is made for
withdrawing the core bars by casting each section with a hole through which the
core bar may be withdrawn such hole being afterwards covered with a suitable plate.
In place of providing the said hole the joint faces on the box ends may be bevelled
curved or sloping sufficiently to allow of the core bar being drawn out over the edge
of the box.
Dated this 21st day of Janu
1000
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James Square, Manchester, Agents.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Joints or Connections for Hot Water or Heating
Pipes.
I SAMUEL SAUNDERS of 93 Upper Moss Lane Hulme Manchester in the County of
Lancaster, Heating Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings:-
―
My invention relates more particularly to the joints of pipes used for heating or
warming purposes. I make the pipes with spigot and faucet ends but without bolt
holes or lugs for bolts. The socket being larger in diameter than the rest of the pipe
forms a shoulder which may be made deeper by having a flange-like projection cast
round it. The joint is made by means of a joint ring of india rubber or other suit-
able material which is compressed between the end of the socket and a loose metal
ring which is drawn up to the socket by means of bolts. The said bolts are made with
hook heads which hook on to the back of the projecting socket or of the collar on the
same. In some cases I apply behind the socket a second loose ring with bolt holes
to hold the bolt heads. In the cases of elbows tees or other fittings or pipes which
would not permit such loose ring to slide up to the back of the socket the said ring
may be made in halves or sections and be put on the pipe behind the socket.
This construction of joint is illustrated by Figs. 1 to 4 of the accompanying drawings
wherein
Fig. 1 represents the ends of two pipes which are to be connected.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view and Fig. 3 a face view of the loose ring and
Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the complete joint.
The faucet end a of one pipe is formed with a socket to receive the spigot
end of the other pipe. The shoulder at the back end of the socket of the
pipe a is increased in depth by casting or forming the pipe with a projecting
ring a¹.
The object of this formation is to provide a better hold for the hook
bolts hereinafter referred to but if not considered to be necessary the ring a¹
may be dispensed with. The loose ring c is formed with two lngs cin
which are holes for the bolts and is formed with a central hole having two diameters
the part of smaller diameter just clearing the outside of the pipe b whilst the larger
part clears the outside of the socket on the pipe a as clearly seen in Fig. 4. When
the joint is being made the loose ring and a suitable joint ring are slipped on to the
pipe and the end of the latter is passed into the socket in pipe a. The loose ring
and joint ring are then brought up and hook bolts d are inserted in the holes in the
lugs & the book parts taking hold of the shoulder at a¹ and the bolts are tightened up
by means of nuts so as to compress the joint ring between the end of the pipe a and
the shoulder inside the loose ring.
In some cases the joint ring may enter the socket and be compressed by means of
a gland on the loose ring.
This modification is illustrated by Figs. 5 to 8. In this example the central hole in
the loose ring is of the same diameter throughout or thereabouts and a gland c² is
formed upon the said ring such gland being in the form of a projecting ring adapted
to enter an enlarged part of the socket in the pipe a as indicated in Fig. 8 the joint
ring being compressed between the said gland and the bottom of the said socket. lt
will be seen that in both examples the pipes are made without bolt holes or lugs so
that one pipe can be turned upon its axis into any required position with relation to
the other and also that the loose ring with its belts can be fixed in any required
position around the joint so that the pipes can be produced with greater facility and
the joints can be made more readily especially in cases wherein elbows and bent pipes
are used. If it be considered desirable to be able to use ordinary bolts I should
apply a loose ring behind the shoulder a¹ as indicated by the dotted lines at i in
Fig. 8.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :
1. The formations of pipes and parts and the combination of such parts to
constitute the joints of hot water or heating pipes substantially as and for the purpose
set forth and indicated.
2. The pipes formed without lugs or bolt holes in combination with the loose rings
formed with bolt holes and adapted to secure the joint packing and with the hook
bolts for forcing up such loose rings substantially as set forth and indicated with
reference to the drawings annexed hereto.
Dated this 21st dos
J 1800
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James Square, Manchester, Agents.