IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR ROLLING HORSE-SHOE IRON
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughts-
man, for the Invention of "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR ROLLING HORSE-SHOE
IRON." A communication from abroad by William Watkin Lewis, of
the United States.
Sealed the 22nd July 1859, and dated the 9th March 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton
at the Office of the' Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th March 1859.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR ROLLING HORSE-
SHOE IRON," to be as follows:—
This Invention relates to the combination in a pair of rolls of a groove and
creasers, which, by their joint operation, will exert pressure in a lateral. as
well as in a. longitudinal direction, and thus produce by a continuous operation
horse-shoe iron, which is concave on, its upper side, thin on its inner edge,
thick on its outer edge, creased on. its under side, and gradually diminished in
width from heel to toe.
The rollers are divided. radially and vertically, so that the devices which
give the desired configuration to the horse-shoe iron, may be made separate
from the rollers. By this means facilities are afforded for renewing the

page_text: working whenever they become worn or imperfect in their operation; or
whenever it is desired to insert devices for reducing the iron to a size and
character suitable for producing larger or smaller horse-shoes. The lower
roller is provided with two separate curved projections which are struck from
the same centre, and are intended to produce the creases in the horse-shoe
iron. The circumference of this roller is equal to double the length which the
piece of bar that forms the shoe has after it has been rolled, and the creasers
consequently extend nearly balfway around it.
around it. The upper roller is also
cylindrical externally, and it contains a groove extending all around it. This
groove is made of unequal width, so that the shoe shall be broad at the toe
and gradually decrease in width towards the heels. The bottom of the groove
on one half of the circumference of the roller is made excentric, so as to roll
the piece rather thinner in the middle and gradually thicker towards the ends,
and these excentric portions have a conical projection along one side to
produce a bevil along the inner edge of the piece on the opposite side to that
on which the creases are formed, the said bevil forming the concave of the
shoe. The length. of the above-described half of the circumference of the
groove must be equal to the semi-circumference of the lower roller. The
other half of the circumference of the bottom of the groove is concentric and
deeper, and wide enough to receive the bar from which the shoes are to bo
made without pressing it against the roller. If thought desirable, the rolls,
instead of having only one half of the circumference operative; may be fitted
so as to operate upon two or more horse-shoe blanks during one revolution, a
corresponding number of detachable parts being applied thereto for shaping
the metal.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 8th September 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
VINCENT NEWTON. of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Alfred Vincent Newton, Her special license. that I, the said Alfred

page_text: Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "In-
PROVED MACHINERY FOR ROLLING HORSE-SHOE IRON," being a communication from
abroad by William Watkin Lewis, of the United States, upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said' Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained' in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to tho
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :—
This Invention, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, relates
to the manufacture of horse-shoe iron by the combination of lateral pressure
with longitudinal pressure in the rolls employed. In order to effect this object
the Inventor combines in a pair of rolls, a groove and creasers, which, by their
joint operation, exert pressure in a lateral as well as in a longitudinal direction,
and thus produce by a continuous operation, horse-shoe iron, which is concave
on its upper side, thin on its inner edge, thick on its outer edge, creased on its
under side, and gradually diminishing in width from heel to toe,. as herein-
after specified.
The rollers are divided radially and vertically, so that the devices which:
give tho desired configuration to the horse-shoe iron may be made separate
from the rollers. By this means facilities are afforded for renewing the:
working parts whenever they become worn or imperfect in their operation, or
whenever it is desired to insert devices for reducing the iron to a size and.
character suitable for producing larger or smaller shoes.
The Invention is illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, in which
Figures 1, 6, and 7, are front views showing the rollers at different stages of
the operation; Figures 2 and 8 are transverse and longitudinal sections of
the same; Fig. 3 is a face view of a piece of iron rolled to form and ready to
be bent into a horse-shoe; Fig. 4 is an edge view; and Fig. 5 is a transverse

page_text: section of the same. Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in the
several Figures.
In the example of the Invention represented in the Drawing, the rollers are
specially adapted for feeding the bar at intervals to the bending machinery, for
which I obtained Letters Patent bearing date August Sixteenth, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-eight, and by shaping the bar as they feed it, the
vertically moving dies used in the patented machine above mentioned are
rendered unnecessary. The lower roller B is made cylindrical and fitted with
two curved projections a, a, which are concentric therewith. These curved
projections may be termed the "creasers," as they serve to produce the creases
(sec 9, 9, in Fig. 8) in the horse:shoe iron. The circumference of the roller B
is equal to double the length which the piece of bar that forms the shoe has after
it has been rolled, and the creasers a, a, consequently extend nearly halfway
around it. The upper roller A is also cylindrical externally, and it contains a
groove 6 extending all around it. This groove gradually widens on a curved
line from a to ³, and decreases in width from a' to x² on the same curve, as
shown in the Drawing, so as to taper tho shoc gradually from the toe to the
beels. The bottom of the groove on one half of the circumference of the
roller is made excentric, as. shown at b', b', in Fig. 1, so as to roll the piece
rather thinner in the middle and gradually thicker towards the ends, and these
excentric portions have a conical projection along one side, as shown at c, c,
(Figures 1, 2, 6, and 7,) to produce a bevil along the inner edge of the picco
on the opposite side to that on which the creases are formed, the said bevil
forming the concave of the shoe. The length of the above-described half of
the circumference of the groove b must be equal to the semi-circumference of
the roller B. The depth and width of the several portions of this half of the
groove are such as to make the shoe of the requisite thickness. The other
half of the circumference of the bottom of the groove is concentric and
deeper, as shown at h, h, in Fig. 1, and wide enough to receive the 'bar
from which the shoes are to be made without griping it against the roller B.
In the pair of rolls represented it will be readily understood that only ono
half of the circumference is operative, the bar not being griped by the half
b, b, of the groove, and consequently not being fed forward. This suspension
of the operation is for the purpose of allowing the operation of the bending
apparatus (which is not shown) to take place. The bending of one piece is
performed while the deep part h, h, of the groove is passing the bar. The
picces after having been formed as shown in Figures 8, 4, and 5, may be cut
off by a cutter attached to one of the rollers or otherwise suitably applied. It
will be obvious that the operative portions of the rollers may occupy less than

page_text: one half of the circumference, but they must of necessity occupy corresponding
portions of both rollers. When the rollers are to be used for rolling the bars
into a series of lengths like the pieces shown in Figures 3, 4, and 5,, the other
halves of the rollers are to be formed like the operative portions of the rollers
described, or the rollers may have circumferences composed of a continuous
series of such operative portions in any number, and a bar after leaving a pair
of ordinary rollers may be run without reheating through two such rollers, and
be subsequently cut in pieces and formed into shoes by bending in any proper
manner.
The creasers a, a, may have attached to them the punches for punching the
nail holes, or the holes inay be punched by a subsequent operation.
The operation of the machine is as follows:-The bar of metal having been in-
troduced to the rolls (which we will suppose are adapted for making "merchant"
horse-shoe iron to be bent in any way desired), it is operated upon gradually. by
the conical projections of the grooves and by the curved projections or crensers,
and as the projection gradually increases and decreases in width on a curve,
the metal is pressed with a concave on the side which is to form the upper
side of the shoe of gradually increasing width from the heels to the toe of the
shoe, while at the same time that the metal is being thus pressed, the creasers
form the creases g, g, in it on that side which is to form the bottom of the
shoe; and owing to the concave being formed on the metal, and no vertical
room being allowed between the rollers for the displaced metal which occupied
the place of the concave, a lateral displacement of the metal takes place, and
the displaced metal fills that portion of the groove b, which has a concentric
circumference, and also that portion which gradually increases in width from
a to al, and decreases from a³ to a², and forms the widest part of the shoe.
Owing to the creasers being on a curved line corresponding to the curved line
, x, 22, the metal is pressed compactly and very perfectly against the curved
collar of the groove by the same pressure which is employed to form the
creases in the metal, and thus the operation continues until a series of impres-
sions on the metal suitable for forming a series of perfect shoes, by the simple
operation of cutting off and bending the parts impressed, is produced.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of improved machinery
for rolling horse-shoe iron, as communicated to me by my foreign corre-
spondent, and explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish
it to be understood that under the above in part recited Letters Patent I
claim,―
First, the combination in a pair of rolls of the groove and creasers which
will. by their joint operation, exert pressure in a lateral as well as longitudinal

page_text: direction, substantially as and for the purposes set forth; and in combination
with the above I claim,-
Second, dividing the rollers radially and vertically, substantially as and for
the purposes set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, havo hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Eighth day of September, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Witness,
H. WRIGHT,
66, Chancery Lane.
A. V. NEWTON. (L.B.)