Improvements in Reversing Motions for Planing, Shaping, and other Machines.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Reversing Motions for Planing, Shaping,
and other Machines.
I, JEREMIAH EUGENE MATHEWSON, of Broadheath, in the County of Chester,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention of improvements in reversing motions for planing, shaping,
and other similar machines has special reference to side or open side planing
or shapings, where the reciprocating motion to the overhanging arm is given
by a screw, which is driven. by open or crossed belts or clutches, but the inven-
tion is applicable to other machines in which a similar device is used.
The ordinary method employed to shift the belts or clutches, is to place a
shipper rod (connected with the belt forks or clutch levers) over or at the back
of the reciprocating arm in such a position, that a projecting bracket or lug on
the arm will strike stops on the said rod, whereby the rod is moved endways in
either direction.
The objection to this method is, that the stops being secured to the shipper
rod, any over-running of the arm will cause an excessive strain on the belt or
clutch shifting arrangements, which often results in breakage.
Another objection is, the difficulty of arranging the vertical and cross feeds
to the cutting tool. .
My improvements consist in giving to the shipper rod an axial motion while
moving endways, and to arrange the stops in such a manner that the contact
between the stop and lug or bracket shall be broken by the axial motion given
to the rod, so that the arm can over-run without danger of breaking the parts.
In order to give the automatic cross and vertical feeds to the cutting tool, I
place upon the shipper rod a sliding feathered sleeve carrying a bevelled gear,
and attach same to à lug or bracket on the overhanging arm. At right angles
to the shipper rod, and carried by the overhanging arm, I fix a second shaft,
and connect same by a bevel gear to that on the sliding sleeve. By this means
the second shaft is given axial motion at each end of the stroke corresponding
to that of the shipper rod. A disc or crank and connecting rod at the outer
end of the shaft is used to give the necessary automatic feed to the cutting tool.
By placing a handle on or near the outer end of the second shaft, the operator
is enabled to readily stop the arm at any point of the stroke, or to regulate the
length of stroke by hand.
To give the shipper rod the axial motion required while moving endways, I
pass the end of the shipper rod into a sleeve attached to, or cast with, the sup-
porting bracket, the said sleeve being provided with a spiral slot in which a
pin connected with the rod is made to travel.
The rod thus receives the endway motion from the bracket or lug on the moving
arm of the machine in the usual way, but it also receives an axial motion, by

page_text: which means the stop
moved out of the way of the bracket while the arm is
over-running, and the strain on the parts is obviated.
P T. 1900
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Reversing Motions for Planing, Shaping,
and other Machines.
I, JEREMIAH EUGENE MATHEWSON, of Broadheath, in the County of Chester,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:—
This invention of improvements in reversing motions for planing, shaping,
and other machines, has special reference to side or open-side planing or shaping
machines, where the reciprocating motion is given to the overhanging arm by a
screw driven by open and crossed belts or clutches, but the invention is appli-
cable to other machines in which similar reversing motions are used.
The ordinary method employed to shift the belts or clutches is to place a
shipper rod (connected with the belt forks or clutch levers) over or at the back
of the reciprocating arm, in such a position that a projecting bracket or lug on
the arm will strike stops on the said rod, whereby the rod is moved endways in
either direction.
The objection to this method is, that the stops being secured to the shipper
rod, any over-running of the arm will cause an excessive strain on the belt-
shipping arrangements, which often results in breakage.
Another objection is, the difficulty of arranging the vertical and cross feeds
to the cutting tool.
My improvements consist in giving to the shipper rod an axial motion while
moving endways, and to arrange the stops in such a manner that the contact
between the stop and lug or bracket shall be broken by the axial motion given
to the rod, so that the arm can over-run without danger of breaking the parts.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a plan view of a side planing machine, with my improvements
adapted thereto;
Fig. 2 is a front elevation, and
Fig. 3 a right-hand end view.
Figs. 4 show a longitudinal and transverse section of the means for giving
axial motion to the shipper rod.
The general construction of a side planing machine is well known, and there-
fore it is unnecessary to describe it. I will only refer, then, to such parts as
are necessary, for a proper understanding of my invention; thus, A is the over-
hanging arm carrying the cutting tool B, and which is traversed by the screw C
operated by the fast pulleys D, D', the first driven by an open belt 1, and the
other by a cross belt, 2. E is a bracket carrying the belt shipper mechanism to
be presently referred to, and F is the shipper rod.
are lugs on the bracket E, to which the belt shippers G, G', are pivotted
and, at the pivot end, each shipper is provided with a pair of rounded lugs, pro-
jections, or cams, H, H¹.
J is a plate sliding on the bracket E, and provided, on opposite sides, with

page_text: projections, K, K¹, the length of which is equal to the width between the pair
of cams, H, H¹.
The plate J is moved by the arm L, mounted loosely on, and moving longi
tudinally with, the shipper rod F.
In the position shown in the drawings, both the belts are on the loose pulleys..
Suppose the plate J be moved to the left, the projection K will strike against
the cam H of shipper G, and move or rock it to the left, sufficiently to bring
the belt 1 onto the fast pulley D. At the same time, the projection K' of the
plate will move opposite the cam H¹ of shipper G³, and fock this shipper in
the off position.
Suppose the plate J be moved to the right, the action will take place in the
reverse direction, and the belt 2 will be shifted onto the fast pulley D¹; thus the
direction of the motion of the traversing screw C will be changed..
The endway and axial motion of the shipper rod F will be produced.as
follows:-
In a bracket M (see Figs. 4) is secured a sleeve N, in which spiral grooves NI
are formed. The shipper rod F fits the sleeve, N, and has pins 0, which enter
and work in the grooves X. Stops P are provided on the rod, against which
the arm A strikes at the end of its stroke, and moves the rod endwise. The
pins working in the grooves N' cause the rod to move axially as well.
To assist in this movement, the arm A is provided with laterally projecting.
tappets, lugs, or strikers Q, having a bevelled portion and a straight horizontal
portion, and each stop P is provided with a bowl or roller P
As the tappet Q comes into contact with a stop, the bowl or roller Pis
caused to run up the incline, and thus assist in rotating the shipper rod F.
As the bowl comes onto the horizontal straight part of the tappet, the tappet
will be able to move forward without pushing on the stop, and, in that way,
the contact between the stop and the tappet lug or striker may be said to be
broken by the axial motion given to the rod, so that the arm A can over-run
without danger of breaking the parts.
The amount of over-running is usually comparatively slight, but it is suffi-
cient to cause a breakdown of the machine, unless provision is made to allow
for it. By the arrangement just described this provision is made.
The feed motion is effected in the following manner:-
The shipper rod F is grooved longitudinally (see Fig. 2), and is passed
through a feathered sleeve R carried by a bracket on the arm A. At one end
of this sleeve is a mitre wheel R', and at the other end a nut, by which the
sleeve is held loosely in the bracket.
At right angles to the rod, and extending longitudinally of the arm A, is a
shaft S, provided with a mitre wheel, which gears with the wheel R¹ on the
sleeve. The other end of this shaft has a toothed sector S', which gears with a
similar sector on a counter-shaft T. This shaft T also carries a crank disc T,
the pin of which is connected to a pawl leyer T2 mounted loosely on a stud
axle U. The pawl operates a toothed wheel U¹, also mounted loosely on the
same stud axle, U.
In order to effect the cross or horizontal feed, the wheel U₁ gears into a
pinion on the traversing screw V in the usual way:
To effect the vertical feed, the wheel U is caused to gear with a pinion on a
grooved rod placed parallel with the traversing screw, and operating, through
gearing, the nut of the screw of the vertical tool slide, in a manner common to
this class of machines.
On the other end of the countershaft T is a handle T3, by which the work-
man, by bringing the handle to a central position, may stop the working of the
machine, or, by moving the handle to the right or left, may change the direc-
tion of working at will. This handle also provides for starting the machine in
either direction. As the axial motion of the shipper bar is alternately in oppo-

page_text: site directions, an intermittent motion is given to the feed mechanism, the
operation of which can be readily traced out without further description.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. In reversing motions for planing, shaping, and other machines, giving to
the shipper rod an axial motion as well as an endway motion, and arranging the
stops on the rod, and the tappets, lugs, or strikers, on the arms, so that the con-
tact between the stops and the tappets may be broken by the axial motion of
the rod, in order to provide for the over-running of the arm, as herein shown
and described.
2. In a side planing machine provided with a reversing gear in which the
shipper rod has an axial motion, as well as an endway motion, producing the
intermittent cross or vertical feed, as the case may be, from the axially moving
shipper rod, as herein shown and described.
3. In a side planing machine, the combination with an axial moving shipper
rod and the feed mechanisms, as herein shown and described, of a countershaft
carried by the travelling arm, and provided with a handle by means of which
the attendant may stop and start the machine, and may control the reversing
gear by hand, as set forth.
Dated this 21st day of March 1000