IMPROVED MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BANDING OR TWINE FROM COTTON, WORSTED, LINEN, OR SILK "COP BOTTOMS," WHICH MACHINERY IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF BANDING OR TWINE FROM THREADS PREPARED FOR THAT PURPOSE
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Whalley, of Blackburn, in the County of
Lancaster, Operative Cotton Spinner, for the Invention of "IMPROVED
MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BANDING OR TWINE
FROM COTTON, WORSTED, LINEN, OR SILK "COP BOTTOMS," WHICH MACHINERY
IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF BANDING OR TWINE FROM THREADS
PREPARED FOR THAT PURPOSE."
Sealed the 5th February 1867, and dated the 13th August 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Whalley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th
August 1866.
I, EDWARD WHALLEY, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Operative
Cotton Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for
"IMPROVED MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BANDING OR
TWINE FROM COTTON, WORSTED, LINEN, OR SILK "COP BOTTOMS," WHICH MACHINERY
IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF BANDING OR TWINE FROM THREADS
PREPARED FOR THAT PURPOSE," to be as follows:-
To a stand or a cross rail of the machine is secured a number of cop
skewers, on each of which is placed a cop bottom; a thread from each
cop bottom is passed under a roller and over a second roller (so as to obtain

page_text: the necessary drag),, from thence to a "draw bobbin," around which it is
wound, thus forming a "strand" baving a slight twist. The draw bobbin con-
taining the strand is removed and placed on a revolving spindle and flyer
actuated by a drum and cord, the end of the strand having been passed through
an eye in a cross rail and thence to a conical pulley (fixed on a cross shaft
supported by and working in bearings attached to the side frames of the
machine); the said conical pulley has a number of grooves formed therein,
around which pulley, and in one of the grooves, the strand is passed; a similar
grooved pulley (and cross shaft receives the strand in its first groove, from
thence to the second groove in the first-mentioned pulley, and returned to the
second groove in the second conical grooved pulley, a second strand being
operated upon in like manner by similar apparatus, and the two are wound on a
bobbin, the necessary twist being imparted to each strand by the revolution of
-the bobbin and flyer actuated by the drum, cord, and pulley as above described,
the conical grooved pullies serving to stretch the twisted strands. The
bobbin containing the two twisted and stretched strands is removed and placed
on a spindle and flyer (actuated by the drum and a cord and pulley), and the
end of one of the strands is passed through an eye on one side of a collar and
along a groove formed opposite the eye in the side of a conical-shaped cap;
the other strand is passed through an eye and groove in the opposite side of
the collar and cap; the cap and collar are screwed to the end of the spindle
and flyer carrying the bobbin and strands. Rotary motion in the opposite
direction to that in twisting the strands being imparted to the said bobbin
flyer and conical grooved cap by means of a crossed band, the strands are
"doubled," forming the complete banding or cord, which is passed through an
eye or guide and over and under two conical grooved rollers for the purpose
of being stretched, and thence wound on a bobbin in the finished state.
Motion is conveyed to the machine by means of a strap and driving pulley
fixed on the drum shaft; a smaller pulley on the same shaft and a strap
conveys, by means of a pulley and pinion on a stud, a carrier wheel, and change
wheel motion to the first series of conical grooved stretching pullies; the shaft
on which the second series of conical grooved stretching pullies are placed is
driven by means of gear wheels, the traverse motion for regulating the distri-
bution of the strand, twisted strands, and the doubled and finished banding or
cord on the various bobbins being obtained by means of a traverse bar having
guide eyes therein, and an excentric worked by a worm gearing with a worm
wheel fixed on the excentric shaft, the worm being actuated by pullies and a
cord. The degree of twist of the strands and doubling of the finished
banding or cord may be regulated by means of the change wheel and gearing

page_text: for actuating the cross shafts carrying the conical grooved pullies. A change
wheel of small diameter will draw the strands and fiuished banding or cord
quicker to the conical grooved stretching pullies, exposing the said strands
and banding or cord for a shorter space of time to the twisting and doubling
action of the revolving bobbin and flyer, the speed of which is uniform and
not effected by the change wheel and gear.
It will be seen that I am enabled by the machinery above described to
manufacture banding or cord from cop bottoms or waste material. The
machinery above described is equally applicable to the manufacture of banding
or cord from threads prepared or "balled" for that purpose, and such banding
or cord may be of any number of strands desired by increasing the number of
strands and the number of eyes in the collar and grooves in the conical cap
herein-before mentioned.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Whalley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
12th February 1867..
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
WHALLEY, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Operative Cotton
Spinner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Edward Whalley, Her special licence that I, the said Edward
Whalley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Edward Whalley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVED MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BANDING OR
TWINE FROM COTTON, WORSTED, LINEN, OR SILK "COP BOTTOMS," WHICH MACHINERY
IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF BANDING OR TWINE FROM THREADS
PREPARED FOR THAT PURPOSE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
the said Edward Whalley, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should

page_text: particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Whalley, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
To a stand or a cross rail of the machine is secured a number of cop
skewers, on each of which is placed a cop bottom; a thread from each cop
bottom is passed under a roller and over a second roller (so as to obtain the
necessary drag, from thence to a "draw bobbin," around which it is wound,
thus forming a "strand" having a slight twist. The draw bobbin containing
the strand is removed and placed on a revolving spindle and flyer actuated by
a drum and cord, the end of the strand having been passed through an eye
in a cross rail and thence to a conical pulley (fixed on a cross shaft supported
by and working in bearings attached to the side frames of the machine); the
said conical pulley has a number of grooves formed therein, around which
pulley and in one of the grooves the strand is passed; a similar grooved pulley
(and cross shaft) receives the strand in its first groove, from thence to the
second groove in the first-mentioned pulley, and returned to the second groove
in the second conical grooved pulley, a second strand being operated upon in
like manner by similar apparatus, and the two are wound on bobbins, the
necessary twist being imparted to each strand by the revolution, of the
bobbins and flyers actuated by the drum, cord, and pulley as above described,
the conical grooved pullies serving to stretch the twisted strands. The
bobbins containing the two twisted and stretched strands are removed and
placed on spindles and flyers (actuated by the drum and. a cord and pulley).
Rotary motion in the opposite direction to that in twisting the strands being
imparted to the said bobbins and flyers by means of a crossed band, the
strands are "doubled," forming the complete banding or cord, which is passed
through an eye or guide and over and under two conical grooved rollers for
the purpose of being stretched, and thence wound on a bobbin in the finished
state. Motion is conveyed to the machine by means of a strap and driving
pulley fixed on the drum shaft; a smaller pulley on the same shaft and a strap
conveys, by means of a pulley and pinion on a stud, a carrier wheel and change
wheel, motion to the first series of conical grooved stretching pullies; the
shaft on which the second series of conical grooved stretching pullies are
placed is driven by means of gear wheels, the traverse motion for regulating

page_text: the distribution of the strand and the doubled and finished banding or cord on
the various bobbins being, obtained by means of a traverse bar having guide
eyes therein and an eccentric worked by a worm gearing with a worm wheel
fixed on the eccentric shaft, the worm being actuated by pullies and a cord.
The degree of twist of the strands, and doubling of the finished banding or
cord, may be regulated by means of the change wheel and gearing for
actuating the cross shafts carrying the conical grooved pullies. A change
wheel of small diameter will draw the strands and finished banding or cord
quicker to the conical grooved stretching pullies, exposing the said strands
and banding or cord for a shorter space of time to the twisting and doubling
action of the revolving bobbin and flyer, the speed of which is uniform, and
not affected by the change wheel and gear.
It will be seen that I am enabled by the machinery above described to
manufacture banding or cord from cop bottoms or waste material. The
machinery above described is equally applicable to the manufacture of
banding, or cord, or heald yarn from threads prepared or "balled" for that
purpose, and such banding or cord may be of any number of strands desired.
In the Provisional Specification which I caused to be filed I describe a
method of imparting the necessary twist to each strand by the use of a
conical grooved cap, flyer, and bobbin. I am advised the apparatus thus
mentioned are not so new or useful as at the time of filing the Provisional
Specification aforesaid I supposed them to be, I am therefore desirous of
disclaiming such part of the said Invention, and I do hereby disclaim the
same.
Such being the nature and object of this my said Invention, I will now
proceed to describe the same more fully, and in order that the same may be
distinctly understood I have hereunto annexed two Sheets of Drawings
illustrative thereof, and have marked the same with letters of reference, the
same letter referring to the same part in the various views or figures, in
which Figure 1 is a front elevation of a machine constructed according to my
Invention; Fig. 2 is a back elevation, Fig. 3 is an end elevation, and Fig. 4
is a plan view of the same.
At A is shewn a stand carrying a number of cops a, the threads from each
cop being passed over the bearer a' and between the rollers at B, and thence
to the "draw" bobbin B', around which the threads are wound in a "strand,"
the necessary twist having been imparted by the action of the flyer b; a (bowl.
or eye is placed at the lower end of the flyer (shewn in dotted lines) to
prevent friction on the strands and banding) another strand being formed in
like manner on bobbin B. As the strands are formed on the bobbins B', B',

page_text: such bobbins are removed and placed on the spindles B³, B', at the back
of the machine (see Fig. 2), the spindles and flyers being actuated by the
drum D and cords d, or gear wheels may be employed. The ends of the
strands on the bobbins last mentioned are passed over the pullies d*, which
work on a pin X so as to adjust themselves to the angle at which the strands
pass to the eye in the cross rail E, and thence around the grooved conical
stretching pullies F, F', on the cross shafts F, F, supported by the bearings F³;
the said conical pullies have a number of grooves formed therein, in which the
strands and the finished banding or cord is received for the purpose of being
stretched (see Fig. 4), the strands being doubled by the action of the flyer B³
actuated by the cord d and drum D. Banding of any number of strands may
be manufactured in the machine; the ends of two or more strands being
passed through an eye in the rail E would be doubled and stretched, forming
a band or cord of two or more strands. Motion is imparted to the machine
by means of the driving pulley H. fixed on the drum shaft, a smaller pulley J
on the same shaft, strap and pulley J', pinion K, stud L, carrier wheel M,
and change wheel N ; the change wheel N serves to regulate the speed of the
shafts carrying the stretching conical grooved pullies, motion to the first series
of conical grooved stretching pullies; the shaft on which the second series of
such rollers are placed is driven by means of gear wheels O, O¹. The traverse
bar P for distributing the strands and finished banding evenly on the bobbins
has a rising and falling motion imparted thereto by means of a cam or
eccentric in the usual manner. At R is shewn a rod, on which are a number
of spiral springs S, which springs force the "bowls S₁" into the groove of the
pulley S under the flange of the bobbins, so as to obtain the necessary drag.
At T is shewn handle on upright rod to T¹ connected with sliding bar T for
The rollers B, B, are
moving strap from fast to loose pulley, and visa versa.
driven by means of the gear wheel V (fixed on the end of the shaft F,
gearing with the pinion V₁ at the end of the roller shaft B.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of this my said
Invention, together with the manner in which the same is to be or may be
performed or carried into practical effect, I desire it to be distinctly under-
stood that what I claim as my Invention, and which I believe to be new
within this realm is,―
Firstly, the making of strands and banding from cop bottoms or waste
yarns by aid of the machinery and apparatus, as herein described and
illustrated.
Secondly, I claim the change wheel for regulating the speed of the shafts
carrying the conical grooved stretching pullies.
•

page_text: Thirdly, the general arrangement and combination of the various parts of
the machine as herein described in the accompanying Drawings, or any mere
modification of the same.
In witness whereof, the said Edward Whalley hath hereunto set his
hand and seal, the Eleventh day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
Witness,
JOSEPH BRIERLEY,
Civil Engineer,
Blackburn.
EDWARD WHALLEY. (L.S.)