Improvements in Roasters and Coolers for Coffee, Chicory, and other Substances.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Sept., 1886
Complete Left, 6th May, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 7th June, 1887.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Roasters and Coolers for Coffee, Chicory, and
other Substances.
I, CHARLES HENRY BARTLETT of Stratherne Villa Waverley Road Clifton in the
County of Gloucester Weighing Machine Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to roasters for coffee, chicory, etc., which are constructed of a
horizontal cylinder revolving within a stationary casing, and heated by a Bunsen
burner beneath, and the object of my Invention is to avoid loss of heat from the
cylinder, to improve the heating power of the flame, to increase the heating surface of
the cylinder, and to enable the burner to be readily adjusted in or out of position. It
bas further for its object to enable the coffee to be cooled quicker, and with a better
separation of the husk.
Heretofore, in such apparatus access of air to the heating space within the casing has
been permitted by the opening in the bottom of the casing at which the burner is situated,
and the draught of cold air thus admitted has, consequently, entailed a loss of heat from
the cylinder besides prejudicing the composition of the gaseous mixture to be burnt,
and necessitating recourse to a forced supply of air to the burner in order to ensure an
adequate proportion of air to gas in the mixture, to produce a flame of maximum
heating power.
In carrying out my Invention, I cut off all such access of external air, and so utilize
the draught through the heating chamber to assist the inductive action of the gas current
whereby the air supply is increased and a gaseous mixture containing such a proportion
of air to gas is obtained as will produce a flame of maximum heating power without
recourse to a forced supply of air, the whole of the air admitted necessarily passing
through the burner and mixing with the gas. To this end I adapt the burner itself to
completely fill up the aperture in the casing, and to enable it to be readily moved out
of the way for the purpose of emptying the cylinder through the aperture in the casing,
the burner is carried upon pivoted arms so as to swing into and out of position.
The burner consists of a box having a row of holes or nozzles, or a continuous slit,
at which the gaseous mixture issues and burns, the burner being supplied through one

page_text: of the arms which is hollow. The flattened end or nozzle of the gas-pipe projects into
the open lower end of this hollow arm, whether the burner be in or out of position for
heating the cylinder, so that the burner will always be supplied with gas.
In order to increase the heating surface of the cylinder a deflector or partition is
provided within the casing whereby the flame and heated gases are caused to pass
around considerably more than half the circumference of the cylinder before escaping
to the chimney. To further prevent loss of heat by radiation the casing is jacketted
with asbestos, slag-wool, or other suitable non-conductor either enclosed in a sheet
metal envelope or lagged with wood.
The improvement in the rocking cooler consists in constructing the ends of the
cooling tray of wire cloth (instead of solid ends as heretofore) bent upwardly and
inwardly to a semi-cylindrical form, the openwork structure of the ends admitting the
air freely and the inwardly curved lip preventing the spilling of the coffee &c. in
rocking, whereby the coffee etc. may be cooled more rapidly and with a better
separation of the husk.
C. H. BARTLETT.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London,
Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Roasters and Coolers for Coffee, Chicory, and
other Substances.
1, CHARLES HENRY BARTLETT formerly of Stratherne Villa Waverley Road Clifton
and now of Branscombe House, Redland Green Bristol in the County of Gloucester
Weighing Machine Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My Invention relates to roasters for coffee, chicory, etc.; which are constructed of a
horizontal cylinder revolving within a stationary casing, and heated by a Bunsen
burner beneath; and the object of my Invention is to improve the heating power of
the flame, to increase the heating surface of the cylinder, and to enable the burner to
be readily adjusted in or out of position. It has, further, for its object to enable the
coffee to be cooled quicker and with a better separation of the husk.

page_text: Heretofore, in such apparatus, access of air to the heating space within the casing
has been permitted by the opening in the bottom of the casing at which the burner is
situated, and the draught of cold air thus admitted has, consequently, entailed a loss of
heat from the cylinder, besides prejudicing the composition of the gaseous mixture to
be burnt, causing the production of an illuminating rather than a heating flame, to
obviate which recourse has been had to an extra draught of air to the burner, in order
to ensure an adequate proportion of air to gas in the mixture, to produce a flame of
maximum heating power.
In the apparatus of this Invention, all such access of external air is cut off, and the
draught through the heating chamber is utilized to assist the inductive action of the gas
current, whereby the air supply is increased and a gaseous mixture containing such a
proportion of air to gas is obtained as will produce a flame of maximum heating power,
the whole of the air admitted necessarily passing through the burner and mixing with
the gas. By this means, much greater heat is obtained in proportion to the amount
of gas consumed, the heating power being almost, if not quite, equal to that hitherto
obtained only by the blast burner.
To this end, the burner itself completely fills up the aperture in the casing, and to
enable it to be readily moved out of the way for the purpose of emptying the cylinder
through the aperture in the casing, the burner is made to swing into and out of
position, the arrangement being such that the combustible gaseous mixture is supplied
to the burner whether it be in or out of position for heating the cylinder. The casing
is jacketted, and is so arranged that the flame and heated gases will be caused to pass
around considerably more than half the circumference of the cylinder before escaping
to the chimney. The rocking cooler, into which the roasted coffee is discharged, has
its ends made of wire cloth to admit the air freely, and of such form as to prevent the
spilling of the coffee, etc., in rocking, whereby the coffee, etc., may be cooled more
rapidly and with a better separation of the husk.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this specifica-
tion, wherein figure 1 is an end elevation of the improved coffee roaster and cooler.
Figure 2 is a plan of the same. Figure 3 is a vertical section of the roaster on line 3-3
figure 1. Figure 4 is a cross-section of the roaster cylinder on line 4-4 figure 3, and
figure 5 is a plan of the burner. The same letters of reference indicate the same parts.
in all the figures.
A is the roasting cylinder provided with a sliding door a and internal pallets a¹
for agitating the coffee. It is mounted to revolve on gudgeons in a casing B having
an end door for withdrawing the sliding door a, the casing being supported on
standards and provided with a filling orifice closed by a cover at top and with an
aperture at bottom, all as usual. To prevent loss of heat by radiation, the casing B is
jacketted with asbestos, slag-wool, or other suitable non-conductor of heat either
sheathed with metal or lagged with wood. C is the Bunsen gas burner, supported on
a pair of arms, D D¹ swinging on a centre d at the lower ends between the standards
of the frame. The burner C is a box or casting, having a row of holes or nozzles, or
a continuous slit at which the gaseous mixture issues and burns in the annular space
between the casing and cylinder, the burner being supplied with the mixture of air
and gas through the arm D which is hollow. The armi D extends below its centre of
oscillation, and the lower end is enlarged and is open at bottom. Into this enlarged
open end projects the nozzle e of the gas pipe E, the nozzle being within said open end
whether the burner is in or out of operative position, so as to induce a strong
current of air to mix with the gas, the whole of the air admitted to the casing entering
at this aperture and mixing with the gas in the burner. The upper face of the burner
is adapted to fit in and close a corresponding opening made in the underside of the
casing B, the adjacent parts of the burner and casing being struck to an arc of a circle,
so as to make a sufficiently tight closure, and it is locked in this position by a catch f
engaging with a pin fl on the lower end of arm D, the catch being operated by a
treadle pivoted to the frame.
As shewn in dotted lines in figure 1, the burner may be swung from beneath the
casing, so as to unclose the aperture and permit of the roasted coffee being discharged

page_text: therethrough into the cooler below, the gaseous mixture if required remaining burning
in readiness for use again when the cylinder is again charged. The gas supply is
controlled by a cock on pipe E turned by a handle e within reach of the attendant.
G is the annular space between the casing and cylinder through which the products
of combustion pass to the chimney H which is situated not directly over but towards
one side of the casing, as shewn in figure 4, and the orifices of the gas burner are
directed towards the opposite side, so that the products will traverse rather more than half
of the annular space, the extent of the cylinder surface exposed to the heat being further
increased by a deflector or partition g partly encircling the cylinder and dividing the
annular space at this point, so that the products must pass beyond said deflector before
escaping at the chimney.
To enable the progress of the roasting operation to be watched, one of the journals
of the cylinder is made tubular and through it is inserted a proving rod I terminating
in a cup by which a sample may be withdrawn for examination as usual in such
roasters.
i
K is the cooler, being a tray mounted to rock on gudgeons k supported by a trolly
running on rails beneath the coffee roaster, as usual. The bottom of the tray is of wire
cloth, as usual, the sides being of wood or sheet iron with rounded ends. The ends of
the tray instead of being made solid, as heretofore, are made of wire cloth which is
continued from the bottom of the tray and is bent upwards and inwards to a semi-
cylindrical form, as distinguished from ends perpendicular to the bottom of the tray.
The openwork structure of these wire-cloth ends admits the air freely, and their
inwardly curved form prevents spilling the coffee.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is ;-
1st. A coffee roaster, in which the burner is adapted to entirely fill up the aperture
in the bottom of the external casing so as, when in position, to prevent access of air
except through the burner, and which is adapted to be moved out of position for the
purpose of discharging the contents of the cylinder into the cooler, substantially as
specified.
2nd. A coffee roaster, in which the burner is adapted to fill up the aperture in the
bottom of the external casing and is mounted to swing on pivoted arms of which one
is hollow and in communication with the burner, its lower end being open and combined
with the gas nozzle, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
3rd. In a coffee roaster, the use, in conjunction with a chimney arranged relatively
to the casing as described, of a baffle plate or deflector within the annular space
surrounding the cylinder and beneath the exit to the chimney, so as to prolong the
contact of the flame, etc., with the cylinder, as described.
4th. A rocking cooling tray for coffee-roasters, having inwardly curved ends made
of wire cloth, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 26th day of April 1887
C. H. BARTLETT.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London,
Patent Agents.