IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO RIVETTING MACHINES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Robert Austin and Frank
Jackson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th March
1882.
EDWARD ROBERT AUSTIN, and FRANK JACKSON, Managers, of the firm "De
Bergue and Co Limited," of Strangeways Iron Works, in the City of Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO
RIVETTING MACHINES"
Our improvements relate to certain combinations of mechanism for the purpose
of controlling and obtaining greater uniformity of pressure in the work performed
by that class of Rivetting machines, usually called Mechanical Rivetting Machines,
in which the rivetting is effected by a cup at the end of a ram which has a motion
to and fro imparted to it by means of a crank or excentric shaft driven by gearing,
acting directly upon it or through the medium of a connecting rod, toggle joint, or
other similar mechanism.
Firstly. One of the improved combinations consists of the introduction between
the crank or excentric shaft and the rivetting ram, of a cylinder closed at one end,
having a ram sliding into it and packed with the usual packing, connected together
by a bolt or links, in such a way that they cannot separate beyond a given
distance, the space between the ram and back of cylinder, being filled with water
or other non-compressible fluid, which is in direct communication by piping with
a second closed cylinder which is a vessel, similarly filled, and loaded, so as to
produce compression of the contained fluid after the manner of the Hydraulic
Mechanism known as an "accumulator."
The operation of this arrangement is such that when the end pressure on the
rivetting ram exceeds a pre-determined amount, a portion of the water or other
fluid is forced out of the intervening cylinder first named, into the second or
loaded cylinder, raising the weights, and when the pressure is removed the action
of the weights on the water or other fluid in the second cylinder restores the fluid
in the first or intervening cylinder to its previous position.
By this arrangement the intervening cylinder or ram may be worked either by
the crank or excentric shaft, directly or by a connecting rod, or the bearings of

page_text: the crank or excentric shaft may be attached to the ram or cylinder in such a way
that the shaft may yield on the pre-determined pressure upon the ram being
exceeded.
Secondly. The invention consists of a combination of the above arrangement in
machines with a horizontal rivetting ram, worked with the toggle joint mechanism.
In
In such cases we place the first cylinder and its ram at the rear of the machine
to form an abutment for one of the toggle levers working the rivetting ram.
this modification when the pre-determined pressure is exceeded, a portion of the
water or other fluid is discharged from the first cylinder, into the loaded cylinder
or vessel raising the weights as before named, and on the pressure being removed
the action of the weighted cylinder restores it again to its normal position.
Thirdly. The invention consists in another combination in which the holding up
pillar is hinged or jointed upon a pair of trunnions or fulcrum pin in or about the
middle of its length, and at its lower extremity a ram and cylinder is placed,
charged with water or other fluid and in free communication with a weighted
cylinder or vessel as before named, so that when the pressure upon the upper
extremity shall exceed the pre-determined amount the corresponding pressure at
the lower extremity shall force the water or other fluid out of the cylinder
attached to it, into the loaded cylinder, and be returned again into its former
position, when the pressure on the upper extremity is withdrawn.
Fourthly. The invention consists in a combination in which two rams are
arranged end to end in one cylinder, connected together by a bolt or link in such
a way that they cannot separate beyond a given distance, the space so formed
between them being filled with water or other fluid, and in free communication by
piping with the weighted cylinder or vessel before named. One of the rams is
worked by a connecting rod or otherwise from the crank or excentric shaft which
imparts to it a to and fro motion. The other ram is connected to and may form a
part of the rivetting ram, and through the operation of the intervening fluid
and the connecting bolt its motion will correspond with the one connected to
the crank or excentric shaft, unless the end pressure upon it exceeds the pre-
determined amount in which case the rivetting arm will yield and a portion
of the water or other fluid will be forced into the weighted cylinder, raising
the weights, until the excess of pressure is removed, when the action of the
. weighted cylinder restores the displaced water to its normal position ready for
the next stroke.
In some of the above combinations where the first or resistance cylinder has
motion, the pipe connecting it to the weighted cylinder, is jointed, or is arranged
to slide in and out of a packed gland, or the pipe is arranged to have elasticity
enough to allow it to give way to the movement imparted to the moving resistance
cylinder.