Improvements in the Construction of Water Closets.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Dec., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 25th May, 1893-Accepted, 1st July, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Water Closets.
We, WILLIAM JAMES FREEMAN, and EDWIN FREEMAN, both of 99 York
Road, Battersea, in the County of Surrey, Sanitary Engineers, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
"
This invention relates to pedestal closets of the type known as "wash down
closets and has for its object cheapening the cost of production of and repairs
to such closets and to enable the soil pipe to be led off at any angle without the
necessity of forming apertures in the pedestal.
Now according to our invention we form the closet pan or basin of one piece
of glazed earthenware or other suitable material the lower end thereof being
conical externally and preferably unglazed.
The pedestal and trap we form also of glazed earthenware or other suitable
material in one piece, the upper portion of the pedestal being formed into a conical
socket to receive the lower part of the pan or basin. The aforesaid socket is
preferably unglazed to ensure a tight joint.
The pan or basin is provided with a suitable flushing rim and nozzle to connect
to the flushing pipe and the lower portion of the pan above the cone is formed
into a circular shoulder to rest on the pedestal which is also circular thus enabling
the soil pipe to be placed at any convenient angle with the major axis of the
elliptical portion of the pan or basin which from the shoulder upwards may be of
the usual shape.
Our closet pan pedestal and trap being formed in two pieces they are cheaply
made and generally in case of breakage only one portion would have to be replaced.
Another great advantage of this form of closet is that the pan and trap may be
made entirely of earthenware.
Dated this 1st der of December 1892
FREDK. WALKER,
11, Furnival Street, Holborn, London, E.C., Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Water Closets.
"
We, WILLIAM JAMES FREEMAN, and EDWIN FREEMAN, both of 99 York
Road, Battersea, in the County of Surrey, Sanitary Engineers, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
"wash down
This invention relates to pedestal closets of the type known as
closets and has for its object cheapening the cost of production of and repairs to
such closets and to enable the soil pipe to be led off at any angle without the
necessity of forming apertures in the pedestal or making right and left handed
pedestal water closets.
Now according to this invention we form the closet pan or basin of one piece of
glazed earthenware or other suitable material the lower end thereof being
externally conical and preferably unglazed.
The pedestal and trap we form also of glazed earthenware or other suitable
material in one piece the upper portion of the pedestal being formed with a conical
socket to receive the lower part of the pan or basin. The aforesaid socket is
nreferably unglazed.

page_text: The pan or basin is provided with a suitable flushing rim and nozzle to connect
to the flushing pipe and the pan above the coned part is externally formed with a
circular shoulder which rests on the pedestal which is also circular thus enabling
the outgo from the trap to be placed at any convenient angle with the major axis
of the elliptical pan or basin which may be of the usual shape internally.
Our closet pan pedestal and trap being formed in two pieces are cheaply made
and generally in case of breakage only one portion would have to be replaced.
Another great advantage of this form of closet is that the pan and trap may be
entirely of earthenware.
And in order that our said invention may be fully understood we will proceed
to explain the same with reference to the accompanying sheets of drawings in
which:-
Figure represents a section of a water closet constructed according to this
invention.
Figure 2 is sectional plan of the same on line A B Figure 1.
Figure 3 is section of a modified form of closet also constructed according to
this invention.
Figure 4 is plan of same.
the flushing
Figures 5 and 6 are modifications of the invention hereinafter referred to.
Figures 7 and 8 connections between soil and flushing pipes and closet pan.
The same letters denote the same parts in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6.
a is the closet pan of earthenware or other suitable material,
rim, c the flushing inlet or nozzle, d the drain hole from nozzle c.
The pan a is elliptical the lower part thereof g being conical externally.
The pedestal and trap i are made of earthenware or other suitable material
in one piece the portion of the pedestal k which receives the conical portion g of
the pan a being also conical.
We prefer to construct the pan pedestal and trap of glazed earthenware leaving
the inside of the pedestal or the conical portion thereof and the outside of the
coned portion of the basin or pan unglazed to ensure a good joint, red lead or other
waterproof material being interposed between the unglazed surfaces for this
purpose. When in use there is no strain on the joint between the pedestal and
pan as the whole weight of the pan and if need be the person using the same is
sustained by the projecting portion f of the pan a which as will be seen on reference
to Figure 2 is circular where it rests on the pedestal h.
To enable the pan a to be fixed without cracking or becoming distorted in the
process, it is necessary to form a hollow space m in the thick portion of the pan a
as shewn by Figures 1 and 2 or the pan may be of approximately equal thickness
throughout, and the portion f which rests on the pedestal thrown out from the pan
in the form of a flange or gallery as shewn at Figures 3 and 4 of the accompanying
drawings.
The pedestal being circular and also that portion of the pan which rests
thereon it follows that the discharge orifice of the trap i may by rotating the
pedestal and trap be placed at any angle between 0° and 360° with the flushing
nozzle c to suit the position of the soil pipe.
Our invention is especially applicable to closets having what are known as P traps
and we prefer if the pedestal and trap are made of earthenware to join the soil
and flushing pipes thereto by means of our improved screw joint for which we
obtained Letters Patent No. 16009 dated 21st day of September 1891 as the said
joint is absolutely gas tight the method in which this joint is made is shewn at
Figures 7 and 8 in which is the pipe or a short connector to be attached thereto,
y is a metal collar to be screwed on to the flushing nozzle or the outgo of the trap-
a washer being interposed between the faces of the soil and flushing pipes and the
earthenware to render the joint gas tight.
The joint between the pedestal and pan is preferably under water. The internal
contour of the pan and trap is such as to offer no obstacle to the removal of the
soil and other contents when the closet is flushed.

page_text: Closets constructed as above described are easily and cheaply manufactured and
generally in case of breakage only the pedestal and trap or the pan would have to
be replaced.
In the modified form of seatings shewn at Figures 5 and 6 it will be seen that
the flange or gallery formed on the pan may be made as shewn at Figure 5 and the
edge of the pedestal made to receive it or the said flange or gallery and the upper
edge of the pedestal may be made flat as shewn at Figure 6.
In conclusion we would remark that we are aware of the Specification of Bolding
No. 17616 of 1889 and that we do not claim anything therein claimed but
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
Constructing water closets with elliptical pans, having the lower portions
thereof conical externally, the said conical portions being adapted to fit conical
seatings in circular pedestals, having the traps formed in one piece therewith, the
said pans being formed with circular flanges, gallerys, or shoulders to rest on the
said pedestals substantially as described and for the purposes stated.
Dated this 25th dow of Mox 1893
FREDK. WALKER,
11, Furnival Street, Holborn, London, E.C., Ágent for the Applicants.