A METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE METAL CALLED ZINC INTO WIRE, AND INTO VESSELS AND UTENSILS FOR CULINARY AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1805

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
SYLVESTER, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Chymist, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Third,
in and by His Letters Patent under His Great Seal of Great Britian
and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-ninth day of April,
in the forty-fifth year of His reign, for Himself, His heirs and successors,
did give and grant unto CHARLES HOBSON, of Sheffield aforesaid, Plater,
and me, the said Charles Sylvester, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
His especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that we, the
said Charles Hobson and Charles Sylvester, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, and every of them, by ourselves and themselves, or by our and
their deputy or deputys, servants or agents, or such others as we, the
said Charles Hobson and Charles Sylvester, our executors, administrators, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term of years therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within that part of His said
Majesty's United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England,
His Dominion of Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, our Invention
of "A METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE METAL CALLED ZINC INTO WIRE, AND
INTO VESSELS AND UTENSILS FOR CULINARY AND OTHER PURPOSES;" in which said
Letters Patent there is contained a proviso obliging us, the said Charles
Hobson and Charles Sylvester, or one of us, by an instrument in writing under
our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, particularly to
describe and ascertain the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner

page_text: The same is to be performed, and to cause the same to be inrolled in His
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within one calendar month next and
immediately after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same, relation being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Charles Sylvester, do hereby describe and ascertain the nature of our said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, as follows,
that is to say :-
The discovery made by us, upon which the processes of our said method are
grounded, and so essentially depend, is, that zine (which has heretofore been
called a semi-metal, because it is not malleable, and scarcely capable of exten-
sion by mechanical means at the ordinary temperature of the atmosphere, or
at those heats which are usually applied in forgeing or extending the metals
called intire metals,) is capable of being extended by hammering, laminating,
wire drawing, pressing, stamping, or by the other well-known methods of
treating the intire' metals, provided the said, "zine 'be kept during the 'said
operations at or about a certain heat, determined by experiment first made and
often repeated by us, and herein-after to be mentioned; or provided, in other
cases, the said zinc shall have been annealed by exposure to such a degree of
heat as aforesaid. Our operations are accordingly conducted and performed
as follows, or nearly so, with variations, according to circumstances, or to 'the
sizes or kinds of things required to be made, which variations are such as any
workman accustomed to the treatment of other metals will easily ascertain
and adopt.
We cast our zinc into ingots or thick plates in the usual manner, of such a
figure and magnitude as may best suit the intended purposes; and the best
form for making of wire is that of a cylinder. These ingots or pieces, when
intended to be mechanically wrought or worked, are then to be heated to a
temperature between the degrees of 210 and 800, or thereabouts, 'according
to the scale of Fahrenheit, which may be effected by placing the same in an oven
daly heated, or by any other well-known method. For wire it is most convenient
that the last cylinders' be extended between rollers at the above temperature
till their lengths have been increased to about four times, and afterwards the
same may be drawn through: the wire plates without further heating' or
annealing, unless the pièces should be very thick; and in the whole operation
the usual care and attention must be taken and had to chuse that series or
course of holes which shall duly-extend the wire without forcing or breaking
it. Plates of zinc may be made by working it from the ingot or picce
between rollers, at the temperature aforesaid; and those plates may be ham-

page_text: mered up into vessels for culinary and other purposes by the same treatment
as is applied to other metals, taking care, when the size or form or other
intended requisites of the vessels require it, to heat or to anneal the zinc at
proper times during the operation.
Utensils of every description may be stamped, forged, or otherwise made
and wrought of zinc during its malleable state at the temperature aforesaid,
or after the annealing discovered and herein mentioned and described.
Lastly, whenever it is necessary to unite pieces or plates of zinc together, we
perform the same by the use of a solder consisting of two parts tin and one
part zinc or thereabouts, more or less, according to the hardness and fusibility
required in the same; or otherwise the common glaziers' sokler may be used
and applied for the same purposec.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Sylvester, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Twenty-eighth day of May, in the forty-fifth
year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third, by the
grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
King, Defender of the Faith, and in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and five.