Improvements in Steam Boilers.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Oct., 1888.
Complete Specification Left, 13th June, 1889-Accepted, 13th July, 1889
Improvements in Steam Boilers.
1, JEAN BAPTISTE PRUDHON, of Marseille, in the Republic of France, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to boilers used for generating steam at high pressure, and it
consists of a novel method of construction and arrangement of such boilers, by which
great efficiency and economy of fuel are effected.
For this purpose I make use of an elliptical or reverbatory fire brick furnace, hv
which the gases are utilized in a highly heated state.
The improved boiler to which such furnace is applied, consists of separate flat.
parallel rectangular chambers of sufficient strength, connected by two sets of tubes,
and provided above with a cylindrical steam chamber horizontal or slightly
inclined.
The flat chambers are suitably stayed where necessary and they contain the water
which is to be vaporized and themselves form the ends of the boiler, and opposite the
front and back end of each tube an opening is made which is closed by a screw or
cover and through which the tubes can be inserted, replaced, and cleaned.
Both chambers communicate directly with the steam chamber above, which may
itself be provided with a dome or steam chest.
•
The sides and the top of the boiler are closed in with firebrick walls, and a
similar parallel vertical wall is also built from top to bottom near the centre of
the boiler, and dividing the number of tubes into two sets, one of which forms
the boiler proper and the other a heat economizer. Under the boiler is arranged
a fireplace and firedoor of the usual kind, above which the firebrick roof or arch
of the furnace is built, preferably enclosing some of the tubes below it, and
leaving the remainder above it. An opening through the arched roof at one end
allows the flame to pass among the upper tubes, and thence it passes through an
opening in the upper part of the central dividing wall described into the upper
part of the heat economizer.
The tubes in this latter pass through a transverse dividing wall of metal or
firebrick at or about the centre of their length, this wall extending from top to
bottom but having an opening through its lower end.
The flame and heated gases therefore from the boiler pass down among the tubes
at one end of the heat economizing chamber, thence through the opening in the
transverse dividing wall and up between the tubes at the other end of the chamber,
and thence through an opening in the latter to a chimney.
The improved boiler possesses the following advantages, in addition to the economy
resulting from its large direct heating surface. The arched roof of the furnace
causes a very high temperature in the latter, so that the gases burn freely and
their heat is thoroughly used as they pass to and through the heat economizing
chamber.
The shape and dimensions of the several parts may be varied more or less'
according to the space available and the purpose for which the boiler is to be used,
and the heat economizing part described may be placed in any convenient position
in reference to the remainder of the boiler.
The number of the sets of tubes, as well as their length, may be increased or
diminished, and they may be omitted altogether in the space under the furnace
arch in order to increase the heating effect of the latter upon the gases, in which'
case the loss of. direct heating. surface would be compensated by making the hot

page_text: gases traverse a longer distance so as to sufficiently abstract their heat before they
reach the chimney.
The invention may be applied to boilers for all purposes.
Dated this 3rd day of October 1888
EDWARDS & Co.,
35, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Steam Boilers.
I, JEAN BAPTISTE PRUDHON, of Marseille, in the Republic of France, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying drawings (that is to say) :-
This invention relates to boilers used for generating steam at high pressure, and
it consists of a novel method of construction and arrangement of such boilers, by
which great efficiency and economy of fuel are effected.
For this purpose I make use of an elliptical or reverberatory firebrick furnace,
by which the gases are utilized in a highly heated state.
In the accompanying drawing which is in illustration of the invention figure 1
is a longitudinal section through the line A, B, (figure 3), figure 2 is a transverse
section through the line C, D, (figure 1), and figure 3 is a front elevation, through
a boiler.
.
The improved boiler consists of two separate flat parallel rectangular chambers G, G,
of sufficient strength, connected by two sets of tubes T, and provided above with a
cylindrical chamber H, horizontal or slightly inclined, and having a smaller steam
chamber above. The flat chambers G, G, are suitably stayed where necessary
and they contain the water which is to be vaporized, and themselves form the
ends of the boiler, and opposite the front and back ends of the tubes are openings
through which the tubes can be inserted, replaced and cleaned.
Both chambers G, G, communicate directly with the steam chamber H above,
which may itself be provided with a dome or steam chest.
The sides and the top of the boiler are closed in with firebrick walls, and the
boiler preferably consists of two parts, arranged side by side, similar in construc-
tion but of different dimensions, the larger one forming the boiler proper and the
smaller one a heat economizer, as hereinafter explained, and a vertical wall is
built from top to bottom dividing them from each other.
The smaller part or heat economizer being similar in its construction to the
larger part, or boiler, only the latter is shewn in the drawing.
Under the boiler is arranged a fireplace K of firebrick, and a firedoor of the
usual kind, and above the fireplace the firebrick roof or arch of the furnace is built,
either below the tubes as shewn, or enclosing some of them below it, and leaving the
remainder above it. The combustion of the fuel is facilitated by air guides at I, I.
An opening through the arched roof at one end allows the flame to pass among the
tubes, and over and under transverse partitions S S¹, and thence it passes through an
opening in the upper part of the central dividing wall described into the upper part of
the smaller adjacent heat economizer.
The flame in this latter passes among the tubes in it and under a transverse dividing
partition, extending from top to bottom but having an opening for the passage of the
fame through its lower part. The flame and heated gases therefore from the boiler
pass down among the tubes at one end of the heat economizing chamber, thence
through the opening in the transverse dividing wall and up between the tubes at the
other end of the chamber, and thence through an opening in the latter to a chimney.
The improved boiler possesses the following advantages, in addition to the economy
resulting from its large direct heating surface. The arched roof of the furnace causes

page_text: a very high temperature in the latter, so that the gases burn freely and their heat is
thoroughly used as they pass to and through the heat economizing chamber.
The shape and dimensions of the several parts may be varied more or less according
to the space available and the purpose for which the boiler is to be used, and the heat
economizing part described may be placed in any convenient position in reference to
the remainder of the boiler; or it may be omitted altogether, in which case the smoke
and products of combustion pass to the chimney through a passage round the
chamber H, as shewn in the drawing.
The number of the sets of tubes as well as their length may be increased or
diminished, and they may be omitted altogether in the space under the furnace arch
in order to increase the heating effect of the latter upon the gases, in which case the
loss of direct heating surface would be compensated by making the hot gases traverse
a longer distance. so as to sufficiently abstract their heat before they reach the
chimney.
The invention may be applied to boilers for all purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In the improved boiler, the arched fireplace, in combination with the end
chambers G, G, tubes T, and chamber H, substantially as described and shewn.
2. In combination with the arched fireplace, chambers G, G, and tubes, the trans
verse walls S, S¹, substantially as and for the purpose described and shown.
3. In combination with the improved boiler, a similar smaller one serving as a heat
economizer, arranged and operating substantially as described.
Dated this 13th day of June 1889.
EDWARDS & Co.,
35, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Patentee.