IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF TELEPHONIC OR SOUND-CONDUCTING WIRES FOR SUBMARINE AND DISTANCE LONG AND IN TRANSMITTER PURPOSES ALSO IN COMPOUNDS FOR INSULATING SAME THEBY IN CONNECTION THEEND PAVITH
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Wilkinson of 126 Peckham Park Road
Peckham in the parish of Camberwell in the county of Surrey Civil
Engineer for an Invention of IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF TELEPHONIC
OR
SOUND-CONDUCTING
WIRES FOR SUBMARINE AND
DISTANCE
LONG
AND IN TRANSMITTER
PURPOSES ALSO IN COMPOUNDS FOR INSULATING SAME
THEBY IN CONNECTION THEEND PAVITH
0 DIS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Wilkinson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th June 1882.
ALEXANDER WILKINSON of 126 Peckham Park Road Peckham in the parish
of Camberwell in the county of Surrey Civil Engineer IMPROVED CON-
SOUND CONDUCTING
STRUCTION OF
TELEPHONIC
OR
RECEIVER
AND
WIRES
FOR
AND LONG DISTANCE PURPOSES ALSO IN COMPOUNDS FOR INSULATING
BE
IN TRANSMITTER
THEREWITH.
ΤΟ
DIAPHRAGMS
USED
SUBMARINE
SAME AND
15 CONNECTION
According to the first part of my Invention 1 construct or form hollow wire for
increasing sound for long distance telephonic communication.
The wire is turned round a spindle to form a tubular like shape after which
I pass it through a hot solution consisting of tin and lead in suitable proportions
in order to form, a solder to fill up the intersities of the tubular like form the
tubes thus made may be readily drawn through a mandril to make the exterior
uniform in diameter."
According to the second part of my Invention I coat the hollow and tin and
lead prepared wire with a compound composed of india rubber, gutta percha,
tallow, aptha, to which a small quantity of ground cork is added, this with a
suitable quantity of pitch or bituminous matter may be readily brought into a
plastic condition by the influence of heat and "served on as a protection to the
said tube of wire.
29

page_text: This coating serves as an insulator to the tube or wire. Any number of hollow
wires prepared as first described or as coated as secondly described may be passed
through a braiding machine to cover it or them with a filiamentous or fibrous
material after which a coating of the compound of any desired thickness may bo
conted thereon.
According to the third part of my Invention the diaphragms of telephone
receivers and transmitters are made of common felt such as that used in a hat
manufactory they are worked under the influence of heat to any desired shape
or form that may be requisite. The felt is prepared in a compound composed of
say one pound of gutta percha and india rubber together with four pounds in
weight of shoddy, inungo or any suitable fibrous material mixed with one pound
of wheat flour, six ounces of tallow four ounces of bi-sulphide of carbon to which
a small quantity of common pitch may be added. This mass may be readily
stirred and mixed together and brought into a plastic condition when it may be
readily rolled out into sheets or moulded into shape after being subjected to
hydraulic or powerful screw pressure.
The exterior or coated surface of my specially prepared hollow wire may
have other wires arranged on the exterior so that the same cable may be
used for telegraphic purposes while the interior is used for telephonic
communication.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of Letters Patent filed
by the said Alexander Wilkinson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd December 1882.
ALEXANDER WILKINSON of 126 Peckham Park Road Peckham in the Parish
of Camberwell in the County of Surrey, Civil Engineer IMPROVED COX-
STRUCTION OF TELEPHONIC OR SOUND CONDUCTING WIRES FOR SUBMARINE
AND LONG DISTANCE PURPOSES, ALSO IN COMPOUNDS FOR INSULATING SAME AND
IN TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER DIAPHRAGMS TO BE USED IN CONNECTION
THEREWITHI.
According to the first part of my Invention construct or form hollow wife for
increasing sound for long distanco telephonic communication and for submarine
and for land telegraphy. The wire is turned round a spindle to form a tubular liko
shape after which I pass it through a hot solution consisting of tin and lead in
suitable proportions in order to form a solder to fill up the interstices of the tubular
like form, the tubes thus made may be readily drawn through a mandrit make
the exterior uniform in diameter. In some cases when a great amount of flexibility
is required dispense with the tin and lead, and plait on a filament of fibrous
material. This process serves as a substance to fill up the interstices of the hollow
wire they may be readily coated with any of the ingredients herein mentioned
with great facility without closing or stopping up tho cavity of the tube.

page_text: According to the second part of my Invention I coat tho hollow tin and load
prepared wire with a compound composed of india rubber, gutta porcha, tallow,
naptha, to which a small quantity of ground cork is added, this with a suitable
quantity of pitch or bituminous matter may be readily brought into a plastic
condition by the influence of heat and served on as a protection to the said
tube of wire. This coating serves as an insulator to the tube or wire.
**
Any number of hollow wires prepared as first described or as coated as secondly
described may be passed through a Braiding Machine, to cover it or them with a
filament or fibrous material after which a conting of the compound of any desired
thickness may be coated thereon.
According to the third part of my Invention the diaphragms of telephonic
receivers and transmitters aro mado of common felt, such as is used in a hat manu-
factory. They are worked under the influence of heat to any desired shape or
form that may be requisite. The felt is prepared in a compound composed of say
one pound of gutta percha, and india rubber together with four pounds in weight
of shoddy mungo, or any suitable fibrous material mixed with one pound of wheat
flour, six ounces of tallow, four ounces of bi-sulphide of carbon to which a small
quantity of common pitch may be added. This mass may be readily stirred and
mixed together and brought into a plastic condition, when it may be readily rolled
out into sheets or moulded into shape after being subjected to hydraulic or powerful
screw pressure.
The exterior or coated surface of my specially prepared hollow wire may have
other wires arranged on the exterior so that the same cable may bo used for
telegraphic purposes, while the interior is used for telephonic communication.
The fourth part of my Invention relates to the construction of all kinds of lines
for long distance telegraphy and telephonic communication and is as follows
take any suitable length of wire, and coil it around a spindle of any diameter that
may be requisite so as to form a hollow wire; when this process is effected it is
then coated with a compound which I mako as follows:- take six pounds of
bones and grind them in an ordinary pug mill into a powder, I then place thom in
an iron box or tank and submit them to a powerful heat which will render them in a
carbonized condition. While under the influenco of hoat I add two pounds of
cominon stearic or stearine in weight together with one pound of Stockholm tar,
four pounds in weight is then added of benzoline, ten pounds in weight of
bisulphite of carbon is then added, these ingredients being mixed well together and
placed in an air tight vessel for the space of about forty eight hours the mass will
then be found to be in a plastic condition when it may be readily coated on to all
kinds of metallic wires or surfaces where clectricity is employed and will be found
to be superior to carbon that is now used. I amalgamate the ingredients as horein
mentioned with asbestos when points of carbon are to be produced for all kinds of
electric lamps and batteries the substance hero referred to may be readily moulded
out into sheets or squares of any desired shape or form or it may if requisite be
subjected to hydraulic or other powerful pressure.
The fifth part of my Invention relates to the production of cheap telephonic
cables for submarine and long distance purposes. In carrying this part of my
Invention into effect 1 take any number of large or small wires made according to
my Invention and plait or braid them round a hollow round substance of any
suitable diameter. This may be a tube composed of india rubber, gutta percha or
any other filamentous or fibrous material that may be requisite. These wires before
being plaited or bound together are insulated by india rubber or gutta percha in a
manner well known before being worked into the form of a telegraphic rope or
cable; or in some cases insulated by my compound as herein mentioned when a
cheaper insulation is requisite. This having been effected it is then taken to an
ordinary braiding or plaiting machine and hemp or any other suitable fibre or
filament may be readily braided on with great facility. In some cases the threads
to be plaited or braided on are steeped in my compound before being wound on to
the bobbins of the machine in order that the interstices may be readily filled up

page_text: whilst that process is being effected. It will then be found to be thoroughly
waterproof and flexible and may be used for all kinds of submarine and land
telephonic and telegraphic purposes.
The sixth part of my Invention relates to the coiling of metallic wires around
mandrils or spindles in order to increase their resisting power whether they be
made in the manner herein mentioned or otherwise for medical, telegraphy or
telephonic purposes
1 claim to be the true inventor of hollow wires as herein
mentioned for all kinds of electric and galvanic purposes.
Further claim as my Invention hollow telephonic cables constructed as follows
that is to say I take hose made of any suitable waterproof material that may be
requisite of any diameter and give it a coat of the threads as hereinbefore mentioned
around the hose in a braiding or taping machine this conting having been effected,
any number of wires may be placed along the hose horizontally or lengthways
along the hose by twisting them or coiling them in spiral condition it then
receives a final coating of india rubber gutta percha or any other suitable water-
proofing compound as may be requisite in the manner herein before mentioned the
object of the construction of these telephonic and telegraphic cables where a hose is
employed is for the purpose of supplying gas to light ships life boat stations and
various parts that become dangerous around the coast in order to warn captains of
shoals and storius which so frequently occur at sca
I claim to be the inventor of a hollow telephonic cable and gas conveyer by
which any signal or communication can be obtained by my method from the shore.
In witness whereof the said Alexander Wilson [sic] have hereunto set my
hand and seal this twenty second day of December in the year of our
Lord, Oao thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
Witness
WILLIAM. MARTIN
A. WILKINSON. (LS)