Water and Oil Gas Machine and Burner.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Aug., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 16th Oct, 1888-Accepted, 20th July, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Water and Oil Gas Machine and Burner.
I SAMUEL M. BIDDISON of the City of Chicago, Cook county and state of Illinois
United States of America do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of which is to produce a better and cheaper fire than can be obtained
from oil alone or from oil and steam or vapor & steam as hereinafter shown and
described by reference to the following drawings.
Figure 1 is a hollow tube in which the oil enters and passes into No. 3 through
No. 2, and from No. 3 into No. 4 which is a perferated pipe which lays horizontally
in the pan below, which is a receptical for oil, in starting the fire.
Figure 5 is where water enters the boiler Figure 6 is the water chamber or boiler
Figure 7 is where steam passes from the boiler to figure 1 and connects with oil as
the oil enters figure one (1).
Figure 8 is an opening where the steam and vapor, after intermingling in pipe 1,
passes into the hollow spreader (or pipe as either may be used) No. 9 where
it is superheated and passes from left to right and back from right to left,
and then passes into No. 10 and then in No. 3 and on into No. 4 where it
escapes & comes in contact with the flame, & which makes the firo after the
pipes once become heated, and it is consumed as fast as it is made. No. 11 is
the oil valve No. 12 is the the feed from valve to pipe No. 1, No. 5 is the feed for
water from valve 10 to 6, No. 13 is a peculiar water valve or float which works
automatically and keeps a certain amount of water in boiler or Figure 6 at all
times whether the burner is in operation or not, No. 14 is to carry the steam
from No. 6 into the automatic cup or water valve 13 for the purpose of keeping
an even pressure of water in the boiler No. 6. This is of much more importance
than would at first seem, as without it when there is a high pressure of steam in
the boiler the water is forced back in the cup, but by the steam coming back
from the top of No. 6 to the top of 13 it prevents the water from rising in the
cup thereby giving an even flow of water into the boiler at all times and degrees of
heat which produces an even firo at all times.
By reference to No. 2 it will be seen that the opening from pipe 1 to No. 3 is of a
small dimension thereby forcing the vapor and steam into No. 9 through No. 8 where
it passes through the hollow spreader or pipes as the case may be, thereby becoming
thuroughly superheated and converted into a fixed gas which makes many times its
bulk in vapor oven converted into vapor is many times its bulk in oil and water
and when it is superheated it expands still more, Figure 15 is a recptical or pan
which is placed under the burner for holding a small quantity of oil for lighting the
firc.
My Invention is adapted for Cook stoves and Rangers for Cooking and to heating
stoves and fire places and steam boilers and in fact any place where heat is wanted.
By attaching a pipe to the end of No. 3 and bringing it out side of the stove or fire-
place a light may be obtained for illuminating purposes at no extra cost. Figure 16
is for connecting the pipe from Tank to cup. Figure 17 is for connecting oil pipe
from tank to its valve."
What I claim as new in my Invention is the peculiar construction and combination
of pipes. The superheating of steam and mixing with vapor and superheating the
two togather untill they become dry which makes a Gas.
The Automatic Water Valve which feeds the water to the boiler automatically.
The steam pipe from boiler to valve for forcing water into the boiler & keeping it
there under a high presure of heat which is of very great importance. The oil valve

page_text: which is of peculiar construction for this purpose only. The hollow spreader for
superheating the vapors and at the same time spreading the flame which gives a white
heat to the spreader and pipes and makes a fixed Gas from oil and water or steam
and oil vapor which no other divice heretofore attempted will do.
ባለ
1000
SAMUEL M. BIDDISON.

page_text: to give the required flow of oil) in any convenient place or position and having a
regulating valve or cock a¹ thereon as in Figure 5 or at any convenient point and
the water supply is also suitably arranged in like manner.
To start the apparatus in the first instance by opening the cock a' the petroleum
will flow through the pipe a into pipe thence it passes by the very small hole
or connecting passage provided for this purpose to the return pipe and thence
through the burner pipe and outlet holes and therein into the hollowed
bottom pan, sufficient oil being allowed to flow into this pan to warm up and start
the apparatus and the valvo a' is then closed.
If desired instead of this arrangement the passage f¹ may be dispensed with and
sufficient oil poured by hand from a separate cup or vessel or from an independent
pipe directly into the oil trough x.
This oil in the pan is then set light to and thus heats up the water in the
boiler or steam generator and also heats the several tubes and the hollow per-
forated plate d and the action of the apparatus then begins.
The pipes and passages being hot and steam boing generated the valve a¹ is opened
and the action is as follows:-
The steam from the generator flows through the steam feed pipe b, and together
with the oil from a flows into the heated pipe c; here the oil is converted into a
vapour and both such oil and water vapours mingle and increasing in volume
ascend through the large passage c¹ to the passages d' of the perforated hollow
plate or chamber d; this latter being intensely hot superheats the aforesaid vapours
and converts them into fixed gases and they again increase in volume as they
circulate up and down the passages in said plate in the directions indicated by
the arrows in Figure 1 (the plate being divided down the middle as shown) and
pass out as indicated by the arrow z, Figure 1 to the pipes e and fand thence
to the points of ignition in burner g.
The plate or superheating chamber d is advantageously made of cast iron and
is constructed as follows :-
Two parallel passages d' run lengthways of the plate (see Figure 4) and are con-
nected transversely by passage dx between each of the holes or perforations and
these passages connect again as shown by the arrows y. y. Figure 1 with return
passages (see Figures 1 and 4) connected together between each of the holes <*
in a similar manner to passages d and thus ensuring the thorough mixing and
superheating of the vapours and conversion of the vapours into fixed gases which
after traversing the course described pass out as indicated by the arrow 2, Figure 1
to the pipes e and and thence to the point of ignition (i.e. several holes and
hereinafter described provided in the burner pipe g) where these gases are burnt as
fast as they are made.
Figure 7 shows a modification in which the superheating plate d is dispensed
with and in place thereof a superheating pipe m. n is connected on to the outlet c¹
of the pipe c, the vapours passing into the pipe m, and converted as before as
they pass round m and n and thence passing through e, and to the point of
ignition.
In the latter case a perforated metal sheet as a spreader may be used if desired over
the apparatus.
The outlet holes i. for the fixed gases (or what I believe to be "fixed" gases
judging from the results I have obtained with my apparatus) are so arranged that
about one fifth of the flame is projected towards the steam generator h and the other
four fifths projected towards and against the mixing pipe c, after the manner shewn
in Figure 4-thus if five outlet holes are used four of them and would be situated
on the side towards pipe c, and one 2, toward boiler as shown in Figures 3
and 4.
The relative positions and arrangement of the several parts of the apparatus to one
another as shown constitute very important factors to the success of my present
invention and special attention must be given thereto and also to the sizes of
the outlet holes i. -thus for instance in a twelve inch apparatus having a

page_text: 1 and a inch mixing pipe c, (and the other parts in about the proportions according
to the drawings) the five outlet holes should be th of an inch each in diameter except
the first one which is made rather larger so as to give as much flame as the others
as is well understood.
Upon combustion taking place an intense heat is given out, and so the apparatus
continues to keep itself intensely hot while the flames-passing through and around
the perforated superheating plate d. which thus also acts as a spreader or deflecting
plate (or other fixing chamber and deflecting plate)-gives out an immense amount
of heat available for cooking warming and any other purposes where such heat is
required the combustion being now almost or absolutely perfect and there being
consequently no smoke or soot.
By simply turning the oil-regulator valve to admit more or less oil the apparatus
will accordingly give greater or less heat and the water supply being constant (as
hereinafter explained) the greater or less heat will generate more or less steam as
required and thus the amount of water evaporated regulates itself automatically in
proportion to the amount required.
In apparatus of large size or to keep up continuously an intense heat a feed water
regulator to keep a certain amount of water (shown in dotted lines in Figure 4-or
as required) in the steam generator at all times is of the utmost importance for the
proper working of such apparatus and I have illustrated in Figures 5 and 6 and
hereinafter described a regulating apparatus such as I have found to answer the
above requirements though I would have it clearly understood that I do not limit
myself to use this particular feed water supply regulator as any other suitable
regulator may be used.
The feed water supply regulator as shown in Figures 5 and 6 consists of any
suitable chamber or casing o, into which water is supplied to a certain height from a
supply pipe controlled by a ball and cock as is well understood. From this vessel o a
water supply pipe pleads to the steam generator h, and thus the level of the water
therein is normally the same as in the vessel o.
A return steam (or back pressure) piper is led from the upper part of boiler / to
the upper part of vessel o and keeps an even pressure in the chamber or vessel o and
so prevents any extra pressure in the boiler, from forcing back the water out of the
boiler into the vessel o thus giving an oven flow of water into the boiler at all degrees
of heat and so assisting to keep an even fire.
In small apparatus or where less heat is only required this regulator will not be so
necessary and may be dispensed with in practice if desired.
If desired a pipe or connection may be connected to the burner pipe g and some of
the gases produced may be led away for lighting or other purposes so long as the
action of the apparatus is not impaired thereby.
The boiler or steam generator should be put to the front of grate or at farther
side from flue or chimney so that the draught may not draw the flames over and
around said boiler h.
The pipes m. n. Figure 7 may be arranged zig-zag instead of straight as shown
also the plate d may be varied in detail of construction if desired.
I have found ordinary petroleum oil for which the apparatus was more particularly
designed to be the most suitable therefor and such oil may be of any grade
(from crude petroleum to the finest kerosene) so long as it is free from dirt or solid
matter.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I would remark that I
am well aware that apparatus of a similar character as my present invention have
been patented both in Great Britain and the United States i.e. oil and water
vapourizing and burning apparatus therefore I make no claim broadly to such
apparatus or to those parts separately which are well known or in common use-but
what I claim is :-
1. The improved arrangement and construction of apparatus for generating and

page_text: burning fixed superheated gases from oil and water acting substantially in the
manner and for the purposes hereinbefore described and represented in the drawings
annexed.
Dated this 16th doofd 1000
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.