matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENT IN THERMO-ELECTRIC BATTERIES
Year: 1885

page_text: I, ARDESHEER BURJORJI, of Gandevi, Bombay Presidency, India do hereby
declare the nature of said invention for "IMPROVEMENT IN THERMO-ELECTRIC
BATTERIES" to be as follows :—
Most of the metals, when suddenly cooled after being raised to a high tempe-
rature, experience change in the mechanical qualities. Mechanical strain different
in magnitude and direction is produced, giving rise, as the result, to different
thermo-electric qualities in different parts,-a condition fatal to the production of
electric current.
My invention has for its object the prevention of heterogeneous distribution: of
strain.
This is effected by bringing to bear on the elements of the battery mechanical
stress caused by physical agency.
I enclose tightly two metals forming the couple in a sufficiently strong casing of
any other metal or material whose co-efficient of expansion is less than that of both
of them. The outside casing is insulated from the enclosed metals.
The casing when exposed to heat, experiencing less expansion than the enclosed
metals, exerts a pressure on them under physical laws. This pressure goes to
effect homogeneous distribution of the particles of the metals enclosed, to prevent
undue strain, and to keep perfect thermo-electric contact at the junction, when
cooling takes place.
.
The casing further acts as a storage of thermal energy, preventing sudden falling
and rising of temperature. It also protects the metals enclosed from being damaged,
especially at their junction from flame.
When the elements have very nearly the same co-efficient of expansion as that
of the material composing the casing, I place, adopting the due precaution for
insulation, a third metal between them whose expansive property is sufficiently,
greater than all.
Arrangement should be so made that every thing inside the casing is tight
enough. The expansion of metals being not very great, space left here and there
will have the effect of preventing the exertion of stress. Insulation should not be
of a nature to yield.
A casing sufficiently thick may be employed to enclose many couples duly
insulated.
Some alloys on account of their being very brittle are not employed; but, what
is lost in electro-motive force is gained in saving heat, their fusing point being
very low.

page_text: derangement is greater as the fusing point is lower. Alloys, consequently, though
giving a high electro-motive force, have the serious disadvantage in their fusing
point being low.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
& in what manner the same is or may be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :
Improving thermo-electric batteries by enclosing tightly their elements in a
casing of such materials whose co-efficient of expansion is less than that of the
metals constituting the elements.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FININGS-MAKING MACHINES
Year: 1885

page_text: I JAMES PACEY of Melton Mowbray in the County of Leicester Brewer do
hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN FININGS-MAKING
MACHINES to be as follows:-
No metal is used in any part of the Machine The Cylinder and Sifters are of
Slate Earthenware or Glass. There are two Sifters and two sets of Brushes
instead of one Sifter and one set of Brushes as in those Machines now in use. The
Machine rests upon a wood stand with legs and shoot the top of the stand being
turned in one piece, concave in shape, with a hole in the centre through which the
finings run into the shoot.

page_text: I, JAMES PACEY, of Melton Mowbray, in the county of Leicester, Brewer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Figure 1 shows a front view of one machine.
Figure
a vertical sectional view taken through the length of a shoot hereafter
referred to.
Figure 3 a plan of the shoot and
Figure 4 a plan of the brush spindle and brushes.
Each machine consists of the following parts. A cylinder A made of either
earthenware or glass in which two sifter plates, also of earthenware, glass or slate
are cemented, the upper one A¹ at about half the depth of the interior of the
cylinder and the lower one A³ near the bottom, the centre of each plate is bushed
with a block of lignum vitæ or other hard wood B having a circular hole in its
centre in which the round portions of a brush spindle C partly revolve, above the
round portions the spindle is square in section and accurately fits into a square
hole made through the centre of the lengths of the backs of two brushes C¹, C³, the
upper end of the spindle is provided with a horizontal cross bar and two handles
by which the brushes may be partly revolved alternately the reverse way, upon
the tops of the sifter plates, each plate is perforated over the greater portion of its
surface with holes about one-sixteenth of an inch in diameter, three-eighths of an
inch apart, in rings about half an inch asunder.
One side of the cylinder is perforated near the bottom, which perforation when
the machine is in use is closed by a cork bung A³ shown at Figure 1.
The machine rests upon a stand of wood D provided with legs and a shoot D¹,
the top of the stand is formed in one piece, concave in shape with a hole in the
centre through which the finings run into the shoot as fast as they are brushed
through the sifters.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
The improved finings making machine substantially as described and illustrated
in the Drawings annexed.
A NEW OR IMPROVED CATARRH PREVENTIVE
Year: 1885

page_text: I, ELIZABETH MARY MOORE of 57 Comeragh Road, West Kensington, in the
County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "A NEW
OR IMPROVED CATARRH PREVENTIVE "and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
-
My Invention may be applied as a catarrh preventive band serving as a covering
for the region of the kidneys and base of the lungs.
This band is made of such material as to allow for the proper ventilation of the
moisture of the skin and medicated with such ingredients as to prevent the skin
being acted upon by the atmospheric influences which bring on catarrh and more
serious complaints.
My catarrh preventive band can be manufactured of any suitable material such
as flannel, silk, calico and the like or such article as will act as a vehicle for
medicated properties or the said medicated material can be placed or encased
between other materials. This band forms a very light not inconvenient but
comfortable article of dress. It is suited to wearers of all ages and both sexes
from one year upwards.
The medicated material can also be applied to chest protectors and in
other ways.
The medicated material consists by preference of lint impregnated with the
vapor of cocaine; or the cocaine may be applied by damping with it the smooth
side of the lint which may then be dried by natural or artificial means.
Where
the lint is damped the damping may be repeated more than once so as to
thoroughly saturate it, the drying being repeated between each application of the
cocaine.
The medicated lint is then placed or encased between the flannel or other
material as explained above and is such a preventive of the atmospheric influences
upon the skin as to enable the wearer of the band to avoid catarrh and the
complaints and diseases which arise therefrom.
The form of the belt or band is immaterial and may be varied as required.
Cocaine is the juice or extract from the leaves of the cocoa plant.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1.-An anti catarrhal band consisting of an interior layer or band impregnated
with the vapour of cocaine or saturated with cocaine and having an outer porous
covering substantially as specified.
2. An anti-catarrhal band the medicinal properties whereof are supplied by
cocaine.
3. As a means of preventing catarrh the application of cocaine to the human
body.
AL APPLICATION OF CHLORIDE OF AMMONIUM VAPOUR OR GAS
Year: 1885

page_text: W
CHARLES SYMES 14 Hardman Street Liverpool Pharmaceutical Chemist do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for THE MEDICINAL APPLICATION OF
CHLORIDE OF AMMONIUM VAPOUR OR GAS, to be as follows:-
It consists of a bottle or suitable vessel in which is placed water or other liquid
for washing the Vapour or Gas and to which is attached a tube packed with spun
glass or other suitable material for containing Hydrochloric Acid. This tube is
made continuous with a second tube either outside or inside the bottle or vessel to
contain solution of Ammonia. The apparatus is also fitted with an exit tube and
at the opposite end, attached to the first named tube with a bellow of india rubber
or other compressible material whereby air is blown through the apparatus carrying
with it the Vapour or Gas of the Ammonium Chloride formed in the process. The
above named position of the tubes is preferred but they may be arranged in the
inverse order.
The solutions used are those commonly employed for producing Chloride of
Ammonium Vapour and are not claimed as part of this invention.

page_text: Ammonium Vapour.
CHARLES SYMES Pharmaceutical Chemist 14 Hardman Street Liverpool I do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for THE MEDICAL APPLICATION OF
CHLORIDE OF AMMONIUM VAPOUR OR GAS and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The apparatus consists of a bottle or other vessel fitted with a perforated cork
or other stopper, passing through which are two tubes, the one an inlet the other
an exit tube. Attached to the former are, two, bulb or other shaped tubes or
reservoirs, the one containing Hydrochloric Acid diffused through glass wool,
asbestos, or other material; the other containing Ammonia saturating sponge or
other material. To one of these is attached a bellow, preferably of india-rubber,
with a second ball for maintaining a continuous current. In the bottle or similar
vessel is placed a small quantity of water or other liquid for washing the gas
blown through by the bellow.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed; I declare that I claim
the use of this or any modification of this apparatus whereby Chloride of
Ammonium Vapour or Gas is blown or applied by blowing for medicinal purposes.
HORSES WINTER SHOES
Year: 1885

page_text: WILLIAM JOHN NASH 2 Regina Road Holloway N. General Smith do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for HORSES WINTER SHOES and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The Shoes to have some portions or all of the inner edge thin not more than
ths of an inch in thickness with a Hole in each of those portions or if the Shoe
has thin inner edge in one continuous piece, this to have 2 or more Holes in it as
may be required and the Holes in either case to be tapped for Screws.
The Shoes being thus prepared as stated above to have in addition & to complete
the invention Iron or steel plates prepared for Screwing on the Face of the Shoe,
these plates to have such portions as may be considered best turned at a right
angle the Shoes & plates being thus prepared as shown by the accompanying
drawings and explanatory statements is for preventing Horses Slipping on Slippery
surfaces.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
.
1st The Use of Lips or thin inner edge to Horses Shoes with holes in same as
explained by Drawings & as described.
2nd The Use of plates to Screw on the Face of the Shoes as explained by
drawings & as described.
3rd The combination of Horses Shoes & plates prepared for each other as
explained by Drawings & as described.
Dated this
day of June 1885.
Year: 1885

page_text: 5 ascertained in and by the following statement:-
paraazy
The nature of my Invention, is to enable Filtered Water, to be drawn direct from
the Service pipe through a Filter attached thereto, in order to avoid the use of
separate filters; the Filter is moreover self-filling and self cleansing and efficient
means are provided for the filtered Water to pass through a Purifying Vessel
attached to the Filtering Apparatus, thereby drawing off an unlimited Supply of
Purified Filtered Water at will, for all Dietary and Sanitary Usage.
For the better explanation of my Invention, I refer to the Drawings hereunto
annexed.
Fig 1.
Represents the Duplex Purifying Vessel A. in combination with the Filtering
Apparatus B. fixed on the wall just above the Ordinary Sink, and connected with
the Water Supply Service pipe by an "Union connecting joint C. fixed between
the service pipe D. and the ordinary Water Tap E. thereby giving a constant
Supply of Water direct from the main Service to the Filtering Apparatus B. and
the Water thus Filtered ascends through. a perforated tube into the Purifying
Vessel A. to the Outlet F. and the purified Filtered Water is conveyed by pipe G.
to the Pure Water Tap H. ready to be drawn off at will, for all dietary and
sanitary usage.
Fig. 2.
Represents the interior construction of the Duplex Purifying Filter A. shewing
the passage of the ordinary Water Supply from the main service pipe into the
Filtering Apparatus B. which is filled with carefully prepared compressed Sponge
of the finest quality; and the Water thus Filtered ascends through a perforated
tube C. into the Purifying Vessel which is charged with expressly prepared
Granulated Animal Carbon, and continuing its passage to the Outlet D. descends
to the purified Filtered Water Tap E. ready to be drawn off at will.

page_text: By the foregoing arrangement the Duplex purifying Filter becomes self filling,
and every time Water is drawn from the common Tap, it draws with it all
accumulated matter, that has become intercepted at the Inlet of the Filtering
Apparatus, thus continually cleansing itself from all impurities.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that
what I claim is
The duplex action of Filtration and Purification, carried out by the means, and
in the manner herein before described.
A HYGIENIC TOOTH-BRUSH STAND
Year: 1885

page_text: We, JOSEPH NEEDHAM, of 2, Westbury Gardens, Clapham, Doctor of Medicine,
and BERNARD LEWIS, of Springdale, Macaulay Road, Clapham, Merchant, both in
the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of our invention for A HYGIENIC
TOOTH-BRUSH STAND, to be as follows:-
This invention is designed to prevent the tooth-brush from being contaminated
through contact with nail-brushes or other contents: of the brush tray in which
such articles are usually kept, and to ensure its complete oxygenation and aeration
after use.
It consists of a small vertical pillar or column with a base of sufficient weight to
ensure stability.
At a suitable distance from the base two or more arms project horizontally, or
nearly so, from the column, and terminate in forks with insterstices of sufficient
size to admit the handle of the tooth-brush.
+
The ends of these forks may be turned up slightly if preferred to prevent the
brush slipping off.
Above the horizontal arms is a small ring or knob so that the stand can be
conveniently lifted or carried.
I construct my tooth-brush stand preferably of metal and give the same a surface
of nickel plating to prevent oxydation, but it can also be constructed of wood,
horn, bone, ivory, china, earthenware, glass, gutta-percha, pulp or papier-mâché or
any other suitable material, and ornamented in any way preferred.

page_text: t
We, JOSEPH NEEDHAM, of 2, Westbury Gardens, Clapham, Doctor of Medicine,
and BERNARD LEWIS, of Springdale, Macaulay Road, Clapham, Merchant, both in
the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of our invention for A HYGIENIC
TOOTH-BRUSH STAND and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention is designed to prevent the tooth-brush from being contaminated
through contact with nail-brushes or other contents of the brush-tray in which
such articles are usually kept, and to ensure its complete oxygenation and aëration`
after use.
It consists of a small pillar or column, with a base of sufficient weight to ensure
stability.
At a suitable distance from the base two or more arms project horizontally, or
nearly so, from the column, and terminate in forks or apertures with openings of
sufficient size to admit the handle of the tooth-brush.
The ends of these forks may be turned up slightly if preferred to prevent the
brush slipping off.
Above the horizontal arms is a small ring or knob, so that the stand can be.
convenienly lifted or carried.
We construct our tooth-brush stand preferably of metal and give the same a
surface of nickel plating to prevent oxydation, but it can also be constructed of
wood, horn, bone, ivory, china, earthenware, glass, gutta-percha, pulp or papier-
mache or any other suitable material, and ornamented in any way preferred.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1. shews a perspective view of one of our improved Tooth-brush Stands,
with oblong apertures in the arms to receive the tooth-brush.
Fig. 2. shews an elevation of another and less expensive form of our stand, with
forked ends, the tips being turned slightly upwards.
A. is the base.
Year: 1885

page_text: NAT OK TWIST LACE MACHINES and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figures 1 and 2, show respectively, the right side, and the left side of a carriage,
with my improvements applied thereto.
Figure 3 is an edge view of two carriages with my improvements applied, and
also showing a warp or other thread between the embossments thereon.
My invention consists of an improvement in the method of giving a cover to the
bobbins employed in the carriages, and is applicable to all carriages of ordinary
construction.
On a line A drawn from the centre of the circle of the machine, and touching
the edge of the bobbin at the point B as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the said line A
showing the relative position to the carriage of each warp or other thread, whilst
making net or twist lace. I place an embossment C on each side of one face of
the carriage, below the point B at Figure 1, and upon the line A, I place an
embossment D on each side of the carriage, as shown in Figure 2.
It is not necessary to use more than one embossment on the line A, above the
point B, or more than one below it, as any embossment nearest the said point B,
and upon the line A fulfils entirely the purpose of this invention, by holding aloof
from the point B, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the warp or other threads, through
which the carriage and bobbin pass and repass when working thus allowing a
free passage for the bobbin without its breaking or cutting out the warp or other
threads.
It is not necessary to produce these embossments before the verge of the carriage
is cut. The best plan being to place them upon the carriage after it is finished, as
they do not then interfere with the ordinary manufacture of such carriage.

page_text: In the case of carriages of ordinary make or shape, to which this invention
applies, which have already been at work, there is nothing to prevent the application
of this invention without any further process.
A great advantage which accrues from placing these embossments well apart
above the point B as shown in Figures 1 and 2, upon one face and below the said
point upon the other face is to lessen the friction of the embossments upon the
warp or other threads, or in other words to fill the thread gate room in the least
possible manner, whilst effectively preventing the bobbin from breaking or cutting
out in its passage, the warp or other threads employed in the machine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The embossments placed upon the sides of carriages in the manner hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the Drawings annexed.
A NEW MODE OF MANUFACTURING FILTERING MATERIAL FOR PURIFYING WATER FROM MICRO-ORGANISMS
Year: 1885

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I, OLOF FREDRIK ÖBERG, of Stockholm, Sweden, General Consul, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for "A NEW MODE OF MANUFACTURING
FILTERING MATERIAL FOR PURIFYING WATER FROM MICRO-ORGANISMS" and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to an improved method of preparing the blocks of porous
carbon used in filters for purifying water, so that they are rendered capable of
removing from the water the micro-organisms contained therein, simultaneously
with the elimination of organic matters.
This result is obtained by impregnating such filtering blocks, which may be of
any suitable shape and composition, in the manner hereinafter described.
This impregnation is effected by submerging the said blocks in a boiling solution
of silicate of an alkali, the degree of concentration of which is proportionate to the
porosity of the carbon blocks to be treated. The blocks, after having obsorbed a
sufficient quantity of the solution, are dried at a suitable temperature, and are then
submerged in a boiling solution of sulphate of alumina or other suitable compound
of alumina, or of chloride of calcium, whereby silicate of alumina or silicate of
calcium is formed in the blocks, which are then dried, after which they are ready
for use in the filtering apparatus.
During the impregnation. above described, the silicate of alumina or calcium
becomes deposited in the external parts of the filtering blocks, thus preventing
micro-organisms from following the water in its passage through the blocks as has
heretofore been the case; the water can consequently be completely purified in a
mechanical manner, at the same time that, in its passage through the interior of
the blocks, it undergoes a chemical purification.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The method of increasing the purifying capabilities of porous carbon blocks for
water filters, consisting in saturating the said blocks with a solution of silicate of
an alkali then drying the same, then treating them with a boiling solution of
sulphate of alumina or other suitable compound of alumina, or of chloride
of calcium, the said blocks being subsequently dried.
IMPROVING WRAPPERS OR ENVELOPES USED FOR EXTRACTING OIL FROM SEED IN THE. MANU- FACTURE OF CAKE
Year: 1885

page_text: Seed in the Manufacture of Cake.
We, CHARLES BENSON and JOHN WILLIAM GARRETT trading in co-partnership
under the style or firm of "Benson and Garrett" of the Victoria Wrapper Works,
situate in York Street in the Borough of Kingston-upon-Hull, Oil Press Wrapper
Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of our invention for IMPROVING
WRAPPERS OR ENVELOPES USED FOR EXTRACTING OIL FROM SEED IN THE. MANU-
FACTURE OF CAKE to be as follows:--
That in substitution of the Horse Hair now used as edges for Wrappers or
Envelopes used for extracting oil from seed in the manufacture of cake; we claim
the adoption of Vulcanited Fibre, or Fibres, and Buffalo Hide inserted into the
said Wrappers or Envelopes to form the edges, in place of the Horse Hair edges
hitherto used-The said Vulcanited Fibre or Buffalo Hide edges being a great
improvement on the Horse Hair edges hitherto used, both as regards strength and
general durability, and the result of the manufacture being also greatly improved
by the use of the said Vulcanited Fibre or Buffalo Hide edges.

page_text: '
Fig. 1. shews a plan view of opened envelope or wrapper, the steel or tin lining
being left off on the bottom part the top part being opened to a right angle.
Fig. 2 is a cross section of closed envelope or wrapper through E. F.
Fig. 3 is an elevation of envelope closed.
A. A. are the wings or lids of the envelope hinged at B; in lieu of the horse
hair now placed along the edges of the wrappers or envelopes used for extracting
oil from seed, in the manufacture of oil cake, we cut or form a groove along the
edges of the wrapper lengthwise, into which we insert and fix strips C, C, of
vulcanite fibre, or compound, buffalo hide, Targreen, vulcanite, hemp flax, cotton,
millboard, felt or other suitable substance, these strips form the edges for the
wrappers, and when wrappers or envelopes so made are used the edges are taken
off the sides of the cakes, which are neatly bevelled, and so improved in shape as
well as increasing the strength and durability of the wrappers or envelopes, H is
the tin or steel lining.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
Constructing the edges of the wrappers of any hard durable substance, so as to
bevel down or take off the edges of the cakes made therein, in the manner shewn
and described.
SAVING WEAR, NOISE, AND DIRT IN BOOTS, SHOES, SLIPPERS AND CLOGS
Year: 1885

page_text: I MARY BRINDLE Housekeeper 25 Tulketh St. Southport do hereby declare the
nature of my invention for SAVING WEAR, NOISE, AND DIRT IN BOOTS, SHOES,
SLIPPERS AND CLOGS to be as follows:-
A narrow strip of rubber shaped to fit round the sole, and another to fit the heel
with a small indent in the middle and several holes, so that they can be fastened on
to the existing sole and heel, with small nails or screws, and likewise with the
ordinary cement for rubber The size or thickness to be regulated to the kind of
boots or foot wear it is wanted for.
MARY BRINDLE,
25, Tulketh Street, Southport.

page_text: I MARY BRINDLE Housekeeper 25 Tulketh St. Southport Lancashire do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for SAVING WEAR, NOISE, AND DIRT, IN BOOTS,
SHOES, SLIPPERS AND CLOGS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
To consist of narrow strips of rubber shaped to fit round the edge of the bottom
of the sole and heel, with or without extra strips to run on or cross the sole and
heel. The strips to be made with small holes in them, so that they can be fastened
on to the existing sole and heel, with small nails or screws, and likewise with the
ordinary cement for fastening rubber on any other substance. The size, shape, and
thickness, to vary according to requirement.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The application of strips of rubber in the place of the heavy nails or irons
hitherto used for the same purpose to be much more light and noiseless.
AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF PURIFYING YEAST
Year: 1885

page_text: I JÜRGEN JOHANNES WILHELM PETERS of Hamburg in the Empire of Germany,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for "AN
IMPROVED PROCESS OF PURIFYING YEAST," to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object a new process of purifying fluid and pressed
yeast as well as the scum of yeast from insects animalcula and other damaging
impurities:
According to this process the yeast or scum of yeast to be purified is treated
with water and alkali (as for instance potash or limestone) or by water and acid (as
for instance sulphuric or salicylic acid) or thirdly by distilled water only, and
afterwards by a liquid of a less specific weight than water, so as to separate the
pure yeast from mucilage and secondary ferments. Under certain circumstances
where no reaction is to be effected the purification of the yeast may be attained by
only treating by mixing the same with a liquid of smaller specific weight than
water and exercising a conserving action upon pure yeast.

page_text: I JÜRGEN JOHANNES WILHELM PETERS of Hamburg in the Empire of Germany
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for AN
IMPROVED PROCESS OF PURIFYING YEAST and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention has for its object a new process of purifying fluid and pressed
yeast as well as the scum of yeast from insects, animalcula and other damaging
impurities.
According to this process the yeast or scum of yeast to be purified is treated
with water and alkali (as for instance potash or limestone) or by water and acid (as
for instance sulphuric acid or salicylic acid) or thirdly by distilled water only, and
afterwards by a liquid of a less specific weight than water so as to separate the
Under certain circumstances
pure yeast from mucilage and secondary ferments.
where no reaction is to be effected the purification of the yeast may be attained by
only treating by mixing with the same a liquid of smaller specific weight than
water and exercising a conserving action upon pure yeast. Such liquid applicable
for this purpose is for instance alcohol which after being used may be regained by
distillation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
"
The method of purifying yeast by means of a liquid of less specific weight than
water as for instance alcohol as and for the purpose herein set forth.
Year: 1885

page_text: This improved bottle or receptacle is intended for filling small vessels with oil or
other liquids and determining the quantity supplied or required in the one operation
of filling, and for this purpose it is provided with a scale F1 and a pointer J. or by
fixing the length of the stroke of the piston rod B. together with the required
dimensions of cylinder A. and delivery pipe F. in order that one down stroke of
the piston rod B. from top to bottom will supply a given quantity.
The piston rod B. is provided with a spring H which on pressing down by the
button J. is expanded and the piston B 1 acting on the oil or liquid forces it through
the connection D past the ball valve E. and up the delivery pipe F. on easing or
releasing the piston rod B. the spring H contracts and withdraws the piston B 1.
which causes the valve or clack K to open and admits a fresh supply of liquid into
the cylinder A. The ball valve E, keeps the delivery pipe F. charged and the
action of the spring H in returning the piston B1. opens the valve K thus
charging the cylinder also, so that it is obvious that immediately the button J, is
pressed down the oil or liquid begins to flow.
Above the ball E. is fixed a pin or guard to keep the ball in position.
We also provide a receiver G. to convey any waste or droppings back into the
bottle or receptacle, and for the purpose of keeping dirt or sediment out of the
vessel is put a perforated plate of tin or other metal as shown as L.
When the bottle is required for the purpose of filling glass lubricators on shafting
we fix the receiver G, nearer to the handle so that if required the bottle can be
taken up a ladder The bottom of the bottle will rest on one stave whilst the neck
rests against the stave above thus enabling the operator to have both hands at
liberty for the operation of filling.
We do not confine ourselves to any particular shape form or size of the bottle or
receptacle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
1. The use of the scale or combined dimensions for supplying given quantities.
2. The use of the spring motion for returning the piston.
3. The combinations of above claims substantially as set out in the body of the
Bpecification.
•
1
27OOK
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE STRINGING OF PIANOFORTES
Year: 1885

page_text: HENRY HARDY 59 Peckham Rye in the County of Surrey, Pianofortes Manu-
facturer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
STRINGING OF PIANOFORTES and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :--
Firstly increasing the number of Strings to be struck by the hammer at one
time, commencing at the treble end of the Pianoforte to Four, Five, or Six Strings
to each note, as the case may be made and then following on towards the bass
end of the instrument with the ordinary trichord or three strings &c giving to the
instrument a more powerful and brilliant tone in the treble and tenor parts of the
Pianoforte and to be called Quarchord, Quinchord, and Sexchord, to be used either
with Iron or Wood frames-Secondly the adaptation of a small down pressure bar
on the belly bridge with a small wire at each side of the bridge so as to raise the
strings and give a bearing to the down pressure bar, such bar to be made of
Wood or Brass, and screwed on to the bridge on the belly, between the two small
wires.
Fig. 1-represents four notes of six strings to each note (sexchord) at the extreme
treble end of the Pianoforte.
a. is the strings passing under the down pressure bar c.
b. is the wood belly bridge.
d. is the bottom wire running along the bridge b. and fitted in a small grove
made in the bridge to receive it.
e. is the screw to press the strings down the centre of the bridge.
f. are the top wires, or wires nearest to the striking point, cut into separate
lengths for each note and fitted in small groves.
Fig. 2. represents four notes of five strings to each note, (Quinchord) following on
toward the pitch c of the Pianoforte.
a. b. d. e and f show the same as in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3. represents four notes of four strings to each note, (Quarchord) of the
Pianoforte a little below the pitch of the instrument, a. b. c. d. e and showing
the same as in Fig. 1 and 2.

page_text: Fig. 4. represents the end view of the belly bridge, showing the string a. being
pressed down on the bridge b. by the down pressure bar c. on to the two wires d
and f. such pressure being given by the screw e
'g shows the belly or sounding board, to which the bridge is glued.
Fig. 5. represents two notes of four strings each, with ordinary bridge pins h. at
the extreme treble of Pianoforte.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
.
The increasing of the number of strings at the treble end of the Pianoforte to
four, five or six, also the use of a down pressure bar on the belly bridge, to be
applied to any shaped Pianofortes.
A COMBINED HAIR-BRUSH AND COMB
Year: 1885

page_text: I, WILLIAM MCMILLAN of N° 36 Peel Street, Hotham, in the Colony of Victoria,
Clerk do hereby declare the nature of said invention for "A COMBINED HAIR-BRUSH
AND COMB" to be as follows :—
This invention consists in the combination of a hair-brush and comb in such a
manner that the one handle answers for both articles, which are consequently never
separated. I take an ordinary hair brush and in the centre of its. back I affix
the comb in such a manner that the latter is at right angles with the former.
I prefer to so affix it by mortising or dovetailing the back of the comb into the
back of the brush, but it may be fastened there in any other approved manner.
Dated this fifteenth day of October One thousand eight hundred and eighty-five.

page_text: I WILLIAM MOMILLAN of 36 Peel Street, Hotham, in the colony of Victoria do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to a novel combination of a hair-brush and a comb and
the invention consists in permanently fixing the comb in a vertical position in the
centre of the back of the brush in such a manner that either the brush or the comb
can be used without it being necessary to touch the latter with the fingers thereby
avoiding the fingers being soiled.
In the accompanying drawing figure 1 represents a perspective view of a com-
bined hair brush and comb constructed according to my invention; figure 2 is a
transverse section of the same. Similar letters in both the figures represent similar
parts.
For the purpose of my invention I employ a brush a, of suitable size and shape
and provided with the usual handle b, and in the centre of the back of the brush
I form a longitudinal dove-tail groove c, extending to about the commencement of
the handle b; the back d, of the comb is formed of a shape corresponding with and
fits into the said groove c, as shewn in figure 2, and the teeth e of the comb at the
inner end are of gradually decreasing length as shewn in figure 1. It will be
obvious that the comb can be attached to the brush in any other suitable manner.
By this construction I provide a handy and useful combination, as the hair can
be both combed and brushed without having to lay down the comb and take up
the brush, it being simply necessary to reverse the position of the article, the one
handle serving for both operations; as the comb is permanently fixed to the brush
there is less liability of its becoming mislaid.
Having now particularly described and 'ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. A hair-brush having a comb permanently fixed in a vertical position in the
centre of the back thereof in such a manner that either the brush or the comb can
be used without it being necessary to bring the fingers in contact with the latter
substantially as herein before described.
2. The improved combined hair-brush and comb hereinbefore described and
represented in the accompanying drawing.
IMPROVED DUST BINS & AIR TIGHT COVERS WITH DEODERIZING BOXES FOR SHOOTS
Year: 1885

page_text: JOHN THOMAS RICHARDSON Sanitary Engineer & Manufacturing Ironmonger
61 Gayton Road Hampstead NW I do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for IMPROVED DUST BINS & AIR TIGHT COVERS WITH DEODERIZING
BOXES FOR SHOOTS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
It is a Bin constructed with a double top edge made so as to hold, liquid, sand,
lime charcoal, or ashes the rim of the cover fitting in this channel makes it perfectly
air tight-The vertical lids for dust shoots is provided with an india rubber
bedding & is secured by a fastening fixed on a frame opposite the hinges.
The object of my Invention is to prevent the einanations of a foul nature
escaping from the Bin or receptacle, whether containing refuse, or manufactures of
an offensive odour.
The deoderizers are fitted inside the lid the liquid one having a ground valve
which can be used with spindle without removing the cover, & the powder one is a
hinged box opening inside to receive the powder before lid is put on―& distributes
the disinfectant by knocking the cover when the Bin is closed-that my invention
may be more easily understood please refer to the drawings & illustrations
accompanying.
Figure A. illustrates the section of liquid deoderizing box with the spindle &
plug valve as before stated.
Figure B illustrates the section of powder deoderizing box with perforated bottom
for the discharge of disinfectant in the manner described.
Figure C illustrates the section of air tight cover shewing the manner in which
the channel is formed at top of Bin.
Figure D illustrates the plan of the Bin with liquid deoderizing box in top
shewing the spindle which merely has to be raised to admit the disinfectant
without removing the cover.
Figure E the Bin open.
Figure F the vertical door open for dust shoots.

page_text: Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my Invention
& in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
Ist It being air tight-in the Bin by means of channel & in the shoot cover by
means of india rubber bedding.
IInd Contents being deoderized without removing the cover in either instance of
using liquid or powder disinfectant—thus
IIIrd By the foregoing inventions the foul air cannot escape but is destroyed.
JOHN THOMAS RICHARDSON,
61, Gayton Road, Hampstead.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ORGANS
Year: 1885

page_text: I, EDWARD HADLOW SUGGATE of 250 Marylebone Road in the county of
Middlesex, Organ Builder, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ORGANS to be as follows:-
My invention consists in the combination with a pneumatic action of slides and
groove blocks so constructed that each pneumatic tube or its equivalent by which
compressed air is allowed to pass into a pneumatic lever may be made to commu-
nicate with one or other of two adjacent tubes throughout the action so arranged
that the performer may instantly transpose the instrument half a tone by one
movement of suitable mechanism at the keyboard. These slides and groove blocks
may be arranged in series and may be actuated by any suitable mechanism. or by
pneumatic levers in the usual way. Thus, the organ being tuned to Philharmonic
Pitch may be played in concert with other instruments of fixed pitch, whilst
when desired it can be instantly altered to a pitch a little lower than the French
Normal pitch for the better accompaniment of the voice.
1007

page_text: The chief use of the apparatus is for the transposition of the pitch, so that, if the
organ be tuned to a high pitch for use in concert with a military band or orchestra,
the pitch may be lowered when it is desired to accompany singers at a pitch more
agreeable to themselves and more in accordance with the intentions of the
composer,
I am aware that there is not exactly a semitone between the highest and lowest
pitches now in use, or that have been in use, but the difference is very small.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The construction and arrangement of groove blocks and slides for the trans-
position of pitch by one or more semitones substantially as set forth.
2. The combination of such groove blocks and slides with a pneumatic action of
any suitable construction for the purpose of transposition of pitch by a semitone,
or in series for any number of semitones.
IMPROVEMENTS IN INSULATED ELECTRIC CONDUCTORS
Year: 1885

page_text: I, ADAM MILLAR of 176 Ingram Street, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
INSULATED ELECTRIC CONDUCTORS to be as follows:-
The object of my improvements is to prevent the insulating covering of Insulated
Conductors from being damaged by any chafing or rubbing which they may be
liable to.
For this purpose I form a protecting sheath by winding a narrow flat wire upon
the outside of the insulating covering so as to form a close spiral.
The flat wire may be made of any suitable metal, but by preference of copper or
an alloy of copper.
In the case of conductors insulated with fibrous materials, the flat wire may be
wound directly upon the insulating material, but when the insulator is a non-
fibrous body such as India-rubber, or Gutta percha, a covering of cotton tape should
be formed before the flat wire is applied.

page_text: I, ADAM MILLAR of Number One hundred and seventy six Ingram Street,
Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, Electrician do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN INSULATED ELECTRIC CONDUCTORS and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
The invention is specially applicable to that class of Insulated Electric Con-
ductors which are used for conveying the Electric Current from the Generator, or
source, to the several points in the installation where the electric current is
utilized.
The object or purpose of the invention is to prevent the insulating covering of
the conductors from being damaged by any Chafing or Rubbing which they may
be liable to.
For this purpose I form a protecting sheath by winding a narrow flat wire upon
the outside of the insulating covering so as to form a close spiral
The flat wire may be made of any suitable metal, but by preference of copper or
an alloy of copper.
In the case of conductors insulated with fibrous materials, the flat wire may be
wound directly upon the insulating material, but when the insulating material is
of a non-fibrous character, such as India-rubber or Gutta percha, a covering of
cotton tape should be formed before the flat wire is applied.
The process of forming the protecting sheath of flat-wire, is effected by a Wire-
covering machine such as is usually employed in covering conductors with cotton
yarns or tapes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
The method of protecting the insulating covering of Electric Conductors, by
forming a sheath or covering of flat-wire wound upon the outside of the Insulated
Conductor, substantially as described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SWING- GLASS HOLDERS
Year: 1885

page_text: I JOHN CHARLES BAUER of 11 Comerford Road, Brockley in the County of
Kent do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN SWING-
GLASS HOLDERS to be as follows:-
In carrying out my invention I employ two strips of metal or other suitable
material connected at two ends so as to form a knee joint, the other ends are
fastened respectively one to the swing glass frame and the other to the pillar or
other support of the swing-glass and at a suitable distance from its pivot. The
knee joint I provide with an elastic washer or spring producing sufficient friction
within the joint to hold the swing glass at whatever angle it may be turned to.

page_text: Improvements in Swing Glass Holders.
I JOHN CHARLES BAUER of 11 Comerford Road, Brockley in the County of
Kent, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
In carrying out my invention I employ two strips of metal or other suitable
material connected together at two ends so as to form a knee joint; the other ends
are fastened respectively one to the swing glass frame and the other to the pillar
or other support of the swing glass. The knee joint I provide with an elastic
washer or spring clip producing sufficient friction in the joint to. hold the swing
glass at whatever angle it may be, turned to.
•
A. B. and C in figures I and II of the accompanying drawing. represent the
swing glass holder of which A and B are the two strips connected so as to form
a knee joint within the elastic washers or spring clip C.
-
The end a is fastened to the swing glass frame F, and. the end 6 to the pillar or
other support S of the swing glass or swing sash whereby it follows that a and b
being equi-distant from the central pivot d any desired alteration of the angle of
the swing glass or sash will have to be produced by overcoming the action of the
spring clip or washer C which always causes sufficient friction within the joint to
hold the glass steady as soon as the moving force is taken off or released.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In the construction of a swing glass or swing sash holder the employment of
a knee joint connecting two limbs suitably fastened to the frame and its support,
and acted upon by an elastic washer or spring clip producing sufficient friction in
the said joint to keep the swing glass or sash steady in any position to which it
is moved.
2. In the construction of a swing glass or swing sash holder the employment of
a spring clip producing sufficient friction between the moveable parts of the holder
to keep the swing glass or sash steady in any position to which it is moved.
Dated this twenty-ninth day of July 1886.