Cooling Liquids.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Feb., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 15th Dec., 1890-Accepted, 24th Jan., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Cooling Liquids.
1 JOHN WILLIAM HARTLEY of Stoke-on-Trent in the County of Stafford Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My apparatus is principally intended for cooling the water after coming from the hot
wells of condensing engines. I construct my cooling chamber of wood or other suitable
material. This I subdivide into a series of vertical compartments reaching preferably
from side to side of said chamber. I extend under these compartments a receiving
trough and this I make watertight. I cut away suitable apertures on one or both
sides of the chamber opening into the compartments above the receiving trough.
These apertures are for the admission of air. Above the compartments and preferably
inside the chamber I carry one or more perforated troughs.
These troughs I extend over the whole of the compartments and I make them pre-
ferably open at top & with loose covers. I may rest them on the partitions subdividing
the compartments or support them in other convenient manner. I convey the water or
other liquid to be cooled along these perforated troughs whence it discharges downwards
thro the perforations and fills the compartments below in the form of fine rain & then
falls into the receiving trough beneath. At the same time I draw a rapid current of
air thro the apertures in the sides of the chamber upwards thro the compartments. This
air current meets the descending liquid and absorbs the heat from the falling drops
and when these reach the receiving trough they are greatly reduced in temperature.
If the liquid is not now sufficiently reduced in temperature I pump or run by
gravitation the liquid from the receiving trough through a second series of similar
compartments and repeat the process until the liquid is sufficiently cooled.
I make the compartments of any suitable size form or number to suit requirements.
I fix a fan in suitable position to draw or exhaust the air thro the compartments and
out at the top of the chamber and discharge into the open air or I may use the effluent
air for ventilating and humidifying if desired.
When I use my apparatus with a condensing engine I preferably raise the water
direct from the air pump to the perforated troughs and if a second or third series is
required I may use a suitable low pressure pump or other means of a suitable nature.
I may draw or force the air or I may cause the current to travel downwards thro
the compartments instead of upwards.
Instead of continuous perforated troughs I may use a separate discharging rose over
each compartment.
When only a small quantity of liquid is desired to be cooled I may use only one
compartment.
To clear the perforations in the troughs I use a series of needles extending
downwards thro the perforations and attached to a bar. This bar I raise or lower by
suitable mechanical means & thus clear away any obstructions.
1800
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Cooling Liquids.
I JOHN WILLIAM HARTLEY of California Works Stoke-on-Trent in the County of
Stafford Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
5 the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
My apparatus is principally intended for cooling the water after coming from the
hot wells of condensing engines. I construct my cooling chamber of wood or other
suitable material. This 1 sub-divide into a series of vertical compartments reaching

page_text: preferably from side to side of said chamber. I extend under these compartments a
receiving trough and this I make watertight. I cut away suitable apertures on one or
both sides of the chamber opening into the compartment above the receiving
trough. These apertures are for the admission of air. Above the compartments
and preferably inside the chamber I carry one or more perforated troughs. These
troughs I extend over the whole of the compartments and I make them preferably
open at top and with loose covers. 1 may rest them on the partitions sub-dividing
the compartments cr support them in other convenient manner. I convey the
water or other liquid to be cooled along these perforated troughs whence it
discharges downwards through the perforations and fills the compartments below
in the form of fine rain and then falls into the receiving trough beneath. At the same
time draw a rapid current of air through the aperture in the sides of the chamber
upwards through the compartments. This air current meets the descending liquid
and absorbs the heat from the falling drops and when these reach the receiving trough
they are greatly reduced in temperature. If the liquid is not now sufficiently reduced
in temperature 1 pump or run by gravitation the liquid from the receiving trough
through a second series of similar compartments and repeat the process until the
liquid is sufficiently cooled. I make the compartments of any suitable size form or
number to suit requirements. i fix a fan in suitable position to draw or exhaust the
air through the compartments and out at the top of the chamber and discharge into the
open air or I may use the effluent air for ventilating and humidifying if desired.
When I use my apparatus with a condensing engine 1 preferably raise the water
direct from the air pump to the perforated troughs and, if a second or third series is
required I may use a suitable low pressure pump or other means of a suitable nature.
I may draw or force the air or I may cause the current to travel downwards
through the compartments instead of upwards.
Instead of continuous perforated troughs 1 may use a separate discharging rose
over each compartment. When only a small quantity of liquid is desired to be cooled
I may use only one compartment.
To clear the perforations in the troughs I use a series of needles extending down-
wards through the perforations and attached to a bar. This bar I raise or lower by
suitable mechanical means and thus clear away any obstructions.
In the accompanying sheet of explanatory drawings
Figure 1 is a front elevation of my improved cooler when combined with a condenser
and pumps.
Figure 2 is a plan of this arrangement, and
Figure 3 is a sectional end elevation.
Figure 4 and Figure 5 are alternative methods of constructing my cooling chamber
partitions with louvre or baffle plates arranged therein.
Figure 6 is an elevation of my cleaning board.
The chamber A I construct in any well known manner of timber or other suitable
material sometimes providing two or more such chambers, A¹ to form a great length for
my cooling arrangements. provide within each chamber a series of compartments BB
which run vertically throughout the whole chamber, communicating with the air
space (and water trough D below and the distributing trough E above.
In order to cause a free and cool medium to come into contact with the water or
liquid I force a strong current or blast of air through the vertical partitions or com-
partments by means of the blower or fan F worked by belting gearing or by any
other mechanical arrangement, or I sometimes exhaust or draw the air current
through the partitions, instead of forcing it in front of the blower or fan.
Above the partition and within the distributing troughs or chambers EI arrange
a number of small holes or apertures for affording communication to the chambers
beneath; and 1 cause the water or liquid which is to be cooled to pass over the
distribution troughs or chambers and then to pass through the small holes and descend
in fine particles to the lower trough D; the liquid in its descent coming into contact
with the current of cool air passing through and thus giving up a portion of its heat
to the air before entering the water trough.

page_text: ป
I provide suitable pumps G worked in any ordinary mechanical manner for raising
the water from the air pump or condenser discharge chamber to the top feeding,
tanks H. H'; providing these upper tanks with outlet pipes h for conveying the
water to the distributing trough E. I sometimes fix one or more perforated metal
guard plates within the distributing troughs for the purpose of ensuring a more
uniform spray or delivery of the liquid to the partitions; and I provide a cleaning
board M or frame with fine wires m for entering the holes of the distributing plate
or trough casings.
I allow the air to escape from the top of the chambers by means of small openings
or apertures that I cut within the sides or top frame of my cooler chamber; and
when so desired I carry this effluent air from the chamber for the purpose of humidi-
fying and ventilation of any room or building.
I prefer to arrange the fan or blower F which may be of any ordinary well known
construction, in such a manner that it discharges into a casing or lower reservoir A²
which surrounds the main casing of my cooling chamber A, so that the current of air
can freely enter and pass up all the partitions.
Instead of employing perforated distributing plates to discharge the water into
the partitions as before described I sometimes arrange a number of rose ended pipes
or outlets within the distributing chambers, and cause these perforated discharge
pipes to feed the immediate partitions or compartments over which they are fixed.
In order more completely to divide the falling spray of water or liquid in its
passage from the distributing chambers above to the water trough beneath, I some-
times arrange a number of baffle boards or plates K, K, within the vertical partitions
as shown in Figure 4, and for the same purpose I sometimes provide louvre boards
or plates L. L as shown in Figure 5. Similarly I cause the partition dividing
boards to be sometimes inclined instead of being arranged in a truly vertical
position.
When providing for a large amount of liquid I arrange a number of my improved
coolers alongside each other and pass the water from one cooler to the other by means
of pumps
G which draw the water from one lower chamber or tank D or one cooler
and deliver it by means of a pump G' to the upper feeding tank H¹ upon the other
cooler as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2. By another system I provide for the
same ends by placing one cooler above another and permitting the water or liquid to
flow by gravitation through the whole series of coolers thus arranged.
1 employ any ordinary kind of pump, blowers or exhauster for working in
connection with my improved form of cooler, and I construct my cooler of any
suitable metal or material or in any suitable shape to suit special or peculiar
requirements.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. The combination and arrangement of a liquid cooler having a current of air
forced or drawn through substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described
and as set forth.
2. The construction of a liquid cooler having a series of upper distributing troughs
or chambers connected by means of air conveying partitions with a lower receiving
trough or troughs.
3. In a liquid cooler as herein before described the construction of perforated upper
troughs or chambers for discharging the liquid in the form of fine rain or drops,
substantially as herein before described and as set forth.
4. In a liquid cooler the construction of louvre baffle or inclined partitions for
dispersing the descending liquid in a thin film substantially as and for the purposes
bereinbefore described and as set forth.
5. In a liquid cooler having perforated discharge troughs or chambers, the
application and arrangement of a cleaning board or tray containing wires or needles

page_text: for the purpose of keeping the passages free of obstruction substantially as hereinbefore
described and as set forth.
Dated thin 12th dow of December 1890.
MARKS & CLERK,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for Applicant.