IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLERS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Christian Bremer, of 166, Fenchurch Street,
London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLERS."
Sealed the 31st March 1857, and dated the 23rd October 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Christian Bremer
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd October 1856.
I, JOHN CHRISTIAN BREMER, of 166, Fenchurch Street, London, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLERS,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of constructing vertical lever propellers with com-
pound leverage for propelling ships by steam, manual, or any other power.
These propellers are attached or slided through a groove of shafts, fixed or
oscillating or deviating to any degree. These shafts are supported between
two frames: Outside of the one frame there are on one side small propeller
wheels fixed round the shafts, which are supported between another shaft,
together with large lever wheels; each governs and assists one or two propeller
wheels on one side, and on the other side they turn and come in gear round an
axis with exactly the same number of cogs as the propeller wheels. Within
this axis, which is fixed on the ship's side, runs the main shaft, by which the
machinery is put in motion.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Christian Bremer in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 23rd April 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
CHRISTIAN BREMER, of 166, Fenchurch Street, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
John Christian Bremer, Her special licence that I, the said John Christian
Bremer, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said John Christian Bremer, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLERS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said John Christian Bremer, my executors or administrators, by an in-
strument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Christian Bremer, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed,
that is to say-
My Invention consists of constructing vertical lever propellers with com-
pound leverage for propelling ships by steam, manual, or any other power.
These propellers are attached or slided through a groove of shafts, fixed or
oscillating or deviating to any degree. These shafts are supported between
two frames. Outside of the one frame, nearest to the ship's side, there are
small propeller wheels fixed round the shafts, which are supported between
another shaft, together with large lever wheels; each governs and assists one or
two propeller wheels on one side, and on the other side they turn and come
in gear round an axis with exactly the same number of cogs as the propeller

page_text: wheels. Within this axis, which is fixed on the ship's side, runs the main
shaft, by which the machinery is put in motion. The wheels may be extended
to any number and size, but the last even paddle propeller wheel must have
exactly the same number of cogs as the fixed axis. The number of propellers
may be extended to so many as are required. Each float, paddle, or propeller
may consist of one or more pieces, flat, hollow, oval, shovel, or any other
shape, according to which the grooves are fitted in compartments, when
required. The frames may be round, octagonal, or any other shape. The
machinery may be placed on the ship's sides, or under the stern, or within
the ship, and the axis may be of solid metal, strong enough for a lever stand
to lift a vessel from the bottom of the sea.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Christian Bremer, have hereunto
hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of April, in the year of.
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
set my
J. C. BREMER. (L.S.)