IMPROVEMENTS IN BAKING BREAD, BISCUIT, AND OTHER MATTERS, WHICH IMPROVE- MENTS ARE APPLICABLE FOR DRYING GOODS
Year: 1849

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MICHAEL
FITCH, of Chelmsford, in the County of Essex, Patent Salt Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twelfth day of
October (One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine), in the thirteenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Michael Fitch, my exors, admors, and assigns, Her
especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said
Michael Fitch, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Michael Fitch, my exors, adññiors, or assigns, should at any timé agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BAKING BREAD, BISCUIT, AND OTHER MATTERS, WHICH IMPROVE-
MENTS ARE APPLICABLE FOR DRYING GOODS;" in which said Letters Patent is
contained a proviso, that I, the said Michael Fitch, shall cause a particular
description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
to be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the, said in part recited
Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will
more fully and at large appear.

page_text: KNOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Michael Fitch, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say :-
My Invention has for its object the more advantageous application of heat to
ovens, by constructing the heating apparatus within the oven whereby the heat
will be generated, retained, and equalized within the oven more beneficially
than when the heating apparatus is external of the oven. The interior
arrangement and form of the oven may be varied, and such is also the case
with respect to the heating apparatus constructed within the oven, but in all
cases, although the heating apparatus is within the oven, the products of com-
bustion are conducted off and do not enter into the atmosphere of the oven,
the heating of the oven being by the heat from the exterior of the heating
apparatus and the flues therefrom. And although I have in the Drawing
only shewn an oven with one heating apparatus, in large ovens more than one
heating apparatus may be employed within it.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 shows a front view of an oven constructed according to my Inven-
tion, suitable for baking bread, biscuit, and other matters, and when kept at a
proper temperature is also suitable for drying goods; Figure 2 shews a
transverse section of the oven and heating apparatus; Figure 3, a front section;
Figures 4 and 5 show two horizontal sections. The exterior of the oven is to
be made of fire tile, or other nonconducting matter, or of iron, with space
between filled with nonconducting material a is the fireplace. Within the
oven b, b, above and below the fireplace or heating apparatus, there are trays
or shelves c, c, containing or supporting fire tile, or other nonconducting
material or materials, with openings at the ends and sides to allow of the
heated atmosphere between the shelves c, c, to pass freely into the oven. dis
the fire door; and d¹, another door, with means of allowing air to pass into the
ash-pit of the fire, and the oven has ventilators e, e, as shown. The products
of combustion pass away by flues f, f, as shown, which, however, may be varied
in their form and direction which they take in passing to a chimney. The
Drawing shows the arrangement of flues I employ; 9, 9, are shelves for
receiving the articles to be baked or dried; these should be arranged so as to
be readily removed, as in other ovens.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of per-

page_text: forming the same, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to
the details as herein described, so long as the peculiar character of the Inven-
tion be retained, nor do I claim any of the parts separately; but what I claim
is the mode herein described of heating ovens.
In witness whereof, I, the said Michael Fitch, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Ninth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty.