A MATERIAL OR COMPOUND FOR POLISHING METALS."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William John Clapp, of Nantyglo, in the County of
Monmouth, Surgeon, for an Invention of "A MATERIAL OR COMPOUND FOR
POLISHING METALS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William John Clapp at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th November 1880.
WILLIAM JOHN CLAPP, of Nantyglo, in the County of Monmouth, Surgeon.
"A MATERIAL OR COMPOUND FOR POLISHING METALS."
The Invention consists in the employment of a material or compound for
polishing metals, which does so without producing scratches on the surface, and
causes the metal to retain a high polish for a considerable period.
This material or compound I employ is manufactured from slag from iron
furnaces, which consists essentially of a double silicate of lime and alumina, in
which the lime is sometimes more or less replaced by magnesia, iron, or manganese,
and the silica sometimes partially replaced by alumina; it also contains potash,
with probably some soda, as also sulphur, the presence of the latter element being
promoted by the presence of manganous oxide and of lime. The material will
differ widely in physical characters and chemical composition according to the
quality of fuel and material employed in the manufacture of the iron. The
original material may be vitreous, stony, or vesicular in structure according to the
manner in which it has been produced and cooled, and the character as well as the
fusibility of this material will be greatly influenced by its composition. I treat
this material according to its original composition so as to obtain a compound
consisting of the following ingredients, and in about the proportions stated --Silica
from 30.67 to 35 or 36, alumina from 18-29 to 20 or 22, lime from 3$ or 40 to
50.80, small portions of sulphur, phosphorus, titanic acid, magnesia, manganese,
and alkalies.
I first pulverize the raw material, after which I heat or otherwise treat it to
eliminate the sulphur, phosphorus, and other injurious ingredients therefrom, and
I add thereto any material required to bring up the compound to the proportions
stated, or thereabouts.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William John Clapp in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
17th May 1881.
WILLIAM JOHN CLAPP, of Nantyglo, in the County of Monmouth, Surgeon.
"A MATERIAL OR COMPOUND FOR POLISHING METALS."
The Invention consists in the employment of a material or compound for
polishing metals, which does so without producing scratches on the surface, and
causes the metal to retain a high polish for a considerable period.
This material or compound I employ is manufactured from slag from iron
furnaces, which consists essentially of a double silicate of lime and alumina, in
which the lime is more or less replaced by magnesia, iron, or manganese, and the
silica sometimes partially replaced by alumina; it also contains potash, with
probably some soda, as also sulphur, the presence of the latter element being
promoted by the presence in the slag of manganous oxide and of lime. The
material will differ widely in physical characters and chemical composition according
to the character of ore and fuel employed, the quality of iron produced, whether
light or heavy burthens are being worked, and according as hot or cold blast is
employed in the manufacture of the iron from which the slag is obtained as a
waste product. The original material may be vitreous, stony, or vesicular in
structure according to the manner in which it has been produced and cooled, and
the character as well as the fusibility of this material will be greatly influenced
by its composition. I treat this material, as may be required according to its
original composition, so as to obtain a compound consisting of the following
ingredients, and in about the proportions stated, that is to say Silica from 30-67
to 35 or 36, alumina from 18-29 to 20 or 22, lime from 38 or 40 to 50-80, and
small portions of sulphur, phosphorous, titanic acid, magnesia, manganese, and
alkalies.
I first pulverize the raw material, after which I heat or otherwise treat it to
eliminate the sulphur, phosphorous, and other injurious ingredients therefrom, and
I add thereto any material required to bring up the compound to the proportions
stated, or thereabouts.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention and the mode in which
I carry the saine into effect, I would have understood that what I claim is the
material or compound, substantially as herein described, for polishing metals.
In witness whereof, I, the said William John Clapp, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
W. J. CLAPP. (L.S.)