TRUVIDIONAL DETITIVATION.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Oct., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 16th July, 1896-Accepted, 2 th Aug., 1896
TRUVIDIONAL DETITIVATION.
A Filter.
CHARLES M'DONALD Dale Street Middlesboro Yorks do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
A mixture of carbonate of magnesia and powderel charcoal (animal).
A layer of the above mixture to be evenly laid on thick cloth supported by wire
gauze strong enough to withstand the required pressure.
This may be held in position by flanged joint or in such a way that all the water
must pass through the mixture to the outlet.
1002
CHAS. M'DONALD.
A Filter.
I, CHARLES M'DONALD, of Dale Street, Middlesbrough-on-Tees, in the
County of York, Mineral Water Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to the process of filtering water; is especially adapted for
use under high pressure service pipes, and consists partly in the combination of
materials or ingredients constituting the filtering medium and partly in the
construction of the utensil or apparatus in which the improved filtering medium is
used for the purpose of my invention.
The filtering medium which I have discovered consists of a mixture of carbonate
of magnesia and powdered animal charcoal the proportions of which are varied
according to the state or condition of the water to be filtered but for ordinary
purposes such as rendering the water drawn from a town supply pipe fit and
wholesome for drinking the above named ingredients may be mixed together in the
proportion of 1 part of carbonate of magnesia to 2 parts of powdered charcoal but
if the water is very foul the proportions of the ingredients would be varied if
necessary.
In the drawing hereto annexed I have illustrated by way of example a con-
venient form and construction of a filtering apparatus or utensil and especially
adapted for the purpose of my invention.
In the filter as illustrated and hereinafter described the water can be passed
through the filter at any pressure within the limits possible or practical in the
general supply of towns and populous places and the parts upon which the proper
action of the filter depends are easily accessible and readily renewable and
furthermore the percolation is uniform and complete over the whole area of the
filter bed and the filtered water is thoroughly and uniformly drawn off.
In the drawing
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the apparatus taken vertically across in the direction
of a diameter with the said apparatus in working order and charged with water to
be filtered.

page_text: Fig. 2 is a plan view of the apparatus with the cover or water chamber removel,
that is taken at the level of the flanged joint.
In the figures a is the cover or water chamber into which the water to be filtered
is charged through pipe a'. is the receiving basin of the apparatus into which
the filtered water percolates through the filtering bed and preferably takes the
concave form shown in order that the water may be constantly and uniformly
drained off from the underside of the filter bed. is the outlet or discharge cock
for drawing the water direct from the filter as is preferred when intended for
drinking or cooking purposes. These two parts are secured together in any com-
venient manner such as by bolts through tlanges, but between these flanges are also
secure a wire gauze sieve e strong enough to withstand the required pressure when
supported on a grating d placed in the basin & the said grating d being fitted in
position to come flush with the flanged joint of the apparatus. Upon the wire
gauze is placed a cloth e which is sufficiently thick and close in texture to prevent
the filtering medium passing through it or two such cloths may be used with a film
of unsized or otherwise suitable paper for the purpose sandwiched in between the
cloths which with the wire gauze are held in position by the flanged joint or in
such a way that all the water must be passed through the mixture deposited on
them to the outlet. The medium or mixture is injected through the charge hole a²
into the water until a layer or bed is deposited on the cloth about inch in
thickness.
It will he understood from the foregoing description that the apparatus shown is
only to be taken as representing what is adapted for the purpose of my invention
and that the filtering medium or mixture can be used in variously constructed
utensils and furthermore that the apparatus as described can be used with a
filtering madium of different ingredients, and that either part of my invention
could therefore be used without the other.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
clain i
1. As a means of filtering water the use as a filtering medium of a mixture
consisting of carbonate of magnesia and powdered animal charcoal as hereinbefore
described.
2. The improved apparatus for filtering water, consisting of the parts constructed
and combined substantially as described with reference to the accompanying
drawing.
3. The hereinbefore described method of filtering water in which the means
employed consist in the use of a mixture of carbonate of magnesia and powdered
animal charcoal deposited in an apparatus constructed and combined substantially
as hereinbefore specified with reference to the accompanying drawing.
This 15th of 1..1.. 190e
G. J. CLARKSON,
Chartered Patent Agent,
Stockton-on-Tees, Agent for the Applicant.
G. J. CLARKSON,
Chartered Patent Agent,
Stockton-on-Tees, Agent for the Applicant.