matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVED MEANS FOR STOPPING OR RETARDING THE PROGRESS OF SHIPS OR VESSELS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Rawstorne at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th April
1858.
I, JAMES RAWSTORNE, of Abingdon Villas, Kensington, in the County of
Middlesex, a Captain in the Royal Navy, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS FOR STOPPING OR RETARDING THE PROGRESS
OF SHIPS OR VESSELS," to be as follows:-
My Invention of improved means for stopping or retarding the progress
of ships or vessels, is intended to be applied more particularly to ships or
vessels that are propelled by screw or stern propellers. I have found by
experience that when a vessel is well under weigh with a screw propeller, a
longer time is required to stop the vessel and back her than is the case if
paddle wheels are employed. This sometimes gives rise to inconvenience, and
in some situations to the actual danger of collision with other vessels, or of
running aground, notwithstanding all the care that can be taken by the officers
in charge.
The improved means of stopping or retarding the progress of vessels, which
forms the subject of my Invention, consists in the adaptation to the sides or
other convenient parts of ships or vessels of moveable fins, paddles, boards,
floats, or other analogous contrivances, which are capable either of being
lowered into the water or of being opened out when required, so that they
may offer considerable surface resistance to the onward progress of the vessel,

page_text: and when the required object has been effected, the fins, paddles, or other con-
trivances may be drawn out of the water or folded up, so as to offer no further
resistance.
I would observe that these resisting surfaces are to be so arranged that the
surface on either side of the vessel may be used separately, so as to assist in
steering the vessel or to facilitate its evolutions. The retarding fins or surfaces
may be worked either by hand labor, assisted by suitable gearing, or by the
power of the engine.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNAMENTAL STAINING, DYEING, FIXING DESIGNS, WRITING, LETTER PRESS & TYPE PRINTING, & CYPHERING, & COLOURS ON WOOD, OR ANY OTHER SUBSTANCES, ALSO EXTRACTING, TRANSFERRING, OR DISCHARGING COLOURS FROM THE SAME
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jean Baptiste Girerd and Paul
Frederick Wohlgemuth at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with his Petition, on the 31st May 1858.
We, JEAN BAPTISTE GIRERD, of No. 36, Newman Street, Oxford Street,
& PAUL FREDERICK WOHLGEMUTI, of 57, New Bond Street, Hanover Square,
both in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNAMENTAL STAINING, DYEING, FIXING DESIGNS,
WRITING, LETTER PRESS & TYPE PRINTING, & CYPHERING, & COLOURS ON WOOD,
OR ANY OTHER SUBSTANCES, ALSO EXTRACTING, TRANSFERRING, OR DISCHARGING
COLOURS FROM THE SAME," to be as follows:-
Our improvements consists in decorating different woods, ivory, bone, metals,
marbles, stones, paper, earthenware, porcelain, terra cotta, & China wares, as
well as every description of textile fabrics, & fixing thereon an imperishablo
stain by the agency of metallic salts & oxides.
Various designs of the most delicate & elaborate workmanship, & every
style of letter press, or type printing, or writing, obtained by shapes, forms, or
configurations accurately modelled, designed, cut out, or manufactured, such
being placed on the different woods or substances which are sought to be
decorated; thus effectually acting in such a mauner ("by the instrumentality of
light & shade on the surface)" as to preserve uniformly the original ground
"forming the drawings, shapes, or configurations, as are sought to be repro-

page_text: duced," from the influence of daylight or solar rays, at the same time
modifying any colours that may be placed, or that may be existing thereon,
such result being applicable to decorations on every kind of mouldings, beadings,
& frames generally, as well as household furniture, marqueterie ornaments,
fancy articles, "herein-after enumerated," house fittings & decorations, par-
queterie, musical instruments, billiard & bagatelle boards, cues, caskets,
cases, boxes, timepieces, clocks, trays, tables, flower stands, tripods, vases,
& every description of earthenware & China wares, & every description of
carriages, etc., when the designs are fixed thereon. We improve its general
appearance by varnishing or French polishing; but when the Drawings ob-
tained upon wood are required to be transferred or applied on any other
material, we, previous to fixing, obtain, by common pressure, the transfer
of the design, & then submit the reproduction to mercurial fumes, sulphurated
hydrogen, or pass it through a solution of chloride of lime or any other
metallic salts acting as a developping agent to the colours sought to be repro-
duced.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR THE CONDENSATION OF SMOKE
Year: 1858

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Marc Antoine François Mennons
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 28th April 1858.-A communication.
I, MARC ANTOINE FRANÇOIS MENNONS, of the British and Foreign Patent
Offices, No. 39, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, in the Empire of France, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR
THE CONDENSATION OF SMOKE," a communication, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in an arrangement of apparatus for the condensation
of smoke, and for economising the insoluble gaseous products of combustion.
To this end the smoke of the furnace is carried by a pipe into a closed
recipient containing the necessary quantity of water, in which are precipitated
in transit the solid constituents of the smoke. At the exterior of the recipient,
and in communication with it, are mounted two tubes, one within the other,
and into the space between these tubes atmospheric air is injected, by means
of a ventilator. The smoke is thus forced to pass through the intervening
body of water, which takes up the carbonaceous particles, while the insoluble
gases, being disengaged, are carried off to the furnace, where they are finally
consumed. The same result may be obtained by the injection of steam instead
of air into the space between the tubes.
A NEW SYSTEM AND NEW APPARATUS USING AIR AS A MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Marié Roussel at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th
December 1858.
I, JOSEPH MARIE ROUSSEL, of No. 8, Impasse des Courronnes, in Belle-
ville, near Paris, in the Empire of France, Mechanicien, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "A NEW SYSTEM AND NEW APPARATUS USING
AIR AS A MOTIVE POWER," to be as follows:-
This Invention is applicable to railways, shipping, and any industry
requiring a motive power. It essentially consists in the compression of air
and the use of compressed air. In order to effect this, I make use, in the
first instance, of a small reservoir A, into which I compress the air strongly
by means of a hand pump B. This operation being done, I use the air thus
compressed to set in motion by means of a little machine C, different pumps
D. These pumps, by the motion of their clappers, renew the air in the small
reservoir A, and introduce it into a great reservoir E, until it has accumu-
lated therein to a tension sufficient to be used as a motive power. The moter
once set in motion, the pumps supply air in a quantity sufficient to compensate
in the great reservoir that already used.
AN IMPROVED SELF-ACTING PERFORATED BASTER
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Isaac Ketchum at the Office of tho
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the Sth June 1858.
I, ISAAC KETCHUM, of 59, Canning Street, Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED SELF-ACTING PERFORATED BASTER," to be as follows:-
It is well known that there has been found great difficulty and uncertainty
in the present method of basting joints of meat, poultry, game, &c., during the
time the same are being roasted; and as the neglect of so important a duty
renders the meat, poultry, game, &c., dry and unsavoury, I have invented the
improved self-acting perforated baster, which I describe as follows:-
A vessel, of tin or other metal, or of any other suitable material, the bottom
or sides of the same being perforated or pierced, is fixed or suspended from
any bottle-jack, dangle, worsted, or any other contrivance for turning meat, &c.,
while roasting. The said vessel being above the joint of meat, poultry,
game, &c., and being filled or supplied with fat, dripping, butter, grease, or
any other material that may be used for roasting, it will pass through the
perforations or holes, and drop upon the joint of meat, poultry, game, &c.,
the improved baster being supplied with means for regulating the flow of
same, or not, as may be desired.
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BINDING TOGETHER PAMPHLETS, LETTERS, MUSIC, AND OTHER LOOSE DOCUMENTS OR SHEETS
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Philip Capon at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th January
1858.
I, PHILIP CAPON, of Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Book-
binder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BINDING TOGETHER PAMPHLETS, LETTERS, MUSIC, AND
OTHER LOOSE DOCUMENTS OR SHEETS," to be as follows:-
My Invention of improvements in apparatus for binding together pamphlets,
music, letters, and other loose papers or 'sheets, relates to apparatus in which
a metallic back or frame is employed, having pins or prongs on which the
papers are threaded and held by a bar pressing thereon by the force of
springs.
the
My improvements consist in the application of india-rubber springs in lieu
of the metal springs used heretofore for the purpose of forcing the papers on
prongs and binding and pressing such papers together, and thereby hold-
ing them securely in the frame. I place these springs within the hollow
metal back or frame, in front of which the prongs are disposed, and on the
face of which the pressing bar slides. From the pressing bar studs or pins
project through and traverse in slots; on these studs I cause the india-rubber.
springs to exert the required pressure to force the loose sheets on the prongs,
and to bind them firmly thereon I distend the india-rubber springs over the
stud pins, and extend them a sufficient length on cach side for the purpose,

page_text: the ends being attached to suitable pins fixed to the frame. The springs
being deflected out of the straight line, when in the collapsed position, a
constant pressure is exerted on the stud pins of the sliding bar, and the higher
the sliding bar is raised the greater the pressure becomes. When the sliding
bar is at its highest point of elevation, it is retained by a spring catch or
detent as usual while introducing the sheets to be held; by releasing this
detent the india-rubber springs force the sheets on the prongs.
These springs may be otherwise disposed to effect the same object, but I
prefer the foregoing arrangement as the springs have great power of extension.
The binding apparatus is placed within a suitable cover to enclose all the
papers as usual.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHIRTS AND SHIRT FRONTS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Tillie at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th November
1858.
I, WILLIAM TILLIE, of the City of Londonderry, Ireland, Shirt Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF SHIRTS AND SHIRT FRONTS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in printing linen or other cloth of any suitable kind
in such manner that material for the whole front part of a shirt, together with
wristbands and collar, or wristband and collar tops, may be furnished by one
breadth of cloth, the front being plain, that is, without folds, but printed with
any suitable ornamental pattern, and the collar and wristbands being likewise
ornamented with a similar pattern, or with any other suitable pattern.
AN IM- PROVED MANUFACTURE OF COKE
Year: 1858

page_text: rotection, out notice proceea wun ine
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Yelverton and
Owen Bowen at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 17th February 1858.
We, the Honorable WILLIAM HENRY YELVERTON, of Whitland Abbey,
Carmarthenshire, and OWEN BOWEN, of Great Queen Street, Westminster,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IM-
PROVED MANUFACTURE OF COKE," to be as follows:-
Our Invention of an improved manufacture of coke consists in making coke
from a mixture of anthracite or stone coal with a soft or bituminous coal. It
is well known that anthracite or stone coal possesses little or no coking qualities,
and consequently the small or breeze of this coal is nearly valueless. We have,
however, discovered that by mixing with the small of anthracite or stone coal,
certain proportions of the small bituminous coal, a compact, solid, and hard
heavy coke is produced, suitable for use in locomotive furnaces, or for other
purposes.
The particular proportions in which the two kinds of coal are mixed will of
course depend upon the qualities of the coals, as a smaller quantity of very
highly bituminous coal will be required than when a less bituminous coal is
employed. The average proportions may be stated at from one-third to one-
half of bituminous coal, according to the quality of the latter. It is advisable

page_text: that the two kinds of coal should be intimately mixed before being charged
into the coke oven, and then the small anthracite-will be thoroughly incor-
porated; or embodied, or surrounded with the bituminous coal, and will thus
form a hard solid coke.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF WINDING WATCHES, CHRONOMETERS, AND TIME PIECES WITHOUT THE USE OF A SEPERATE KEY
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Clerc and Adolphe Piaget
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
21st October 1858.
We, PETER CLERO and ADOLPHE PIAGET, No. 4, Newcastle Place,
Clerkenwell, Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF WINDING WATCHES, CHRONOMETERS, AND TIME
PIECES WITHOUT THE USE OF A SEPERATE KEY," to be as follows:-
The purpose of utility to which the shape or configuration of the part has
referrence is the facility of winding the watch, as allso set hands, chronomiter,
and timepiece without a key. The machinery being attached to the watch,
a piece is cut round the wind-up hole, more or less, according to the size of the
watch, and then a piece of the same metal and shape is introduced in the said
hole and fitted to the square or pipe; then a handle forming part of the round
plate is raised, and when held with the thumb and fore-finger will wind easily.
The handle is then shut level with the dome of the watch so that it is not
seen, and by that contrivance that watch is preserved from dust.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ORNAMENTAL CHENILLE FABRICS
Year: 1858

page_text: wws 1000 you were 100
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Duncan at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th February
1858.
I, JOHN DUNCAN, of Greenock, in the County of Renfrew, North Britain,
Manager, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ORNAMENTAL CHENILLE FABRICS," to be as follows,.
that is to say-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of ornamental chenille fabrics,. in.
such a manner and with such results as to bring out the effect of goods-
embroidered or worked by the hand in relief. In preparing for the manu-
facture of ornamental goods in this way, the operator first of all manufactures
the necessary chenille weft in the required colours, in such a way as that the
thread or foundation upon which the chenille is made shall have bare spaces
at certain predetermined intervals; these bare intervals are regulated by the
paper pattern, according to which the fabric is to be worked, in such a way
that when the chenille weft is woven into the fabric, the bare spaces shall fall
in at the parts where the actual ground of the piece is to appear, or in other
words, at the intaglio or sunk parts of the relief figure to be produced. The
chenille weft so produced is then woven into the body of the piece to be
ornamented by arranging harness to suit the intended figure. As the weaving
goes on, the harness action, being set accordingly, throws the whole of the

page_text: actual pattern portions of the chenille to the surface of the piece, whilst it
buries the bare chenille threads in the centre of the fabric. In this way the
figure, as originally laid down on paper, is beautifully developed in chenille
pile relief upon the piece at a very economical cost. Of course, whilst the
chenille is thus woven in, the body or ground portion of the fabric is woven by
two or more separate shuttles in the usual way. Such ornamental chenille
goods are available for various uses, but in particular as "furnitures" for the
imitation of embroidery. Instead of thus using the prepared chenille as a
weft, it may be woven in as a warp to produce a generally similar result.
AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNAMENTING CERTAIN KINDS OF BUTTONS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Fielding Empson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th March 1858.
I, JOHN FIELDING EMPSON, the younger, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNAMENTING CERTAIN KINDS OF
BUTTONS," to be as follows:-
My said Invention consists of the method or methods herein-after described
of ornamenting buttons of the kind commonly called covered buttons, that
is to say, buttons wholly or partially covered with a fabric of silk or other
ornamental material. My
My method or methods of ornamenting the said
buttons consist in painting designs upon the faces of the said buttons; the
said design being painted in one or more colours. The said designs may be
painted either in oil or water colours, but I do not limit myself to any par-
ticular kinds of color, although I prefer to employ colours mixed with oil or
varnish, or some other vehicle not soluble in or injuriously affected by water.
Although I prefer to paint the designs upon the buttons after they have been
made up, yet I sometimes paint the said designs upon the fabric with which
the buttons are covered, before the said fabric is put upon the said buttons.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND APPLICATION OF CERTAIN MECHANICAL ARRANGE- MENTS, TO BE ADAPTED TO THE WHEELS OF LOCOMOTIVES, CARRIAGES, AND OTHER VEHICLES, FOR FACILITATING THEIR TRACTION OR DRAUGHT
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Henry Thurnham at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th
October 1858.
I, CHARLES HENRY THURNHAM, of Dalston, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND APPLICATION OF CERTAIN MECHANICAL ARRANGE-
MENTS, TO BE ADAPTED TO THE WHEELS OF LOCOMOTIVES, CARRIAGES, AND OTHER
VEHICLES, FOR FACILITATING THEIR TRACTION OR DRAUGHT," to be as follows:-
My said Invention consists of a peculiarly constructed ring, which can be
slipped over the tyre of the ordinary wheels of vehicles of every description,
and is retained in its situation by being channelled, so that the carriage wheel
can work therein, and, while itself rotating will rotate the external ring,
which thus becomes a kind of annular railway or tramway for the several
wheels of vehicles thus provided to travel upon.
The rings thus intended for adaptation to carriage and other wheels, for
facilitating the draught of loaded vehicles, may be very variously constructed,
and made of a variety of materials. They may, however, be ordinarily
manufactured of iron, being of such size that the wheel each is intended to
fit can have such ring readily slipped over the top edge, forming the groove
or channel into which the wheel is intended to drop while at work; con-
sequently if such groove is not too deep, and the ring kept of the required
diameter, the external ring will be within, and supported in its place from
below upwards by the sides of the groove or channel, at or about the level of
a central line drawn horizontally through the wheel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRE- VENTING EXPLOSIONS IN MINES, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Higgins at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th May 1858.
I, JOHN HIGGINS, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRE-
VENTING EXPLOSIONS IN MINES, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED
THEREIN," to be as follows:-
I construct a boiler and furnace to generate steam, and place it either at
the top or bottom of the shaft, or in any convenient position in the workings
of the mine; to this boiler and furnace I attach piping, the bore of which must
vary according to the extent of the workings, I convey this piping through the
mine, and secure it as near the roof as may be found convenient and
practicable; at certain distances I fix taps, plugs, valves, or other suitable
apparatus in the said pipes, for the purpose of letting off steam whenever there
is foul air or gas accumulating, so that the steam will mix with the gas and
destroy its dangerous effects or liability to explosion.
I construct the said boiler and furnace in the shape of a tubed boiler, but I
make the furnace of two or more hollow shelves with vertical tubes, the-said
vertical tubes to be larger in diameter in the top shelf than, the next under it,
decreasing in diameter in each succeeding shelf, so that the fire being made
in the top part of the furnace it will fall through the vertical tubes to the

page_text: lower part of the furnace in succession, according to the number of shelves or
compartments in the furnace.
These shelves may be made of wrought or cast metal, but sheet iron will be
found the most economical. I make these hollow shelves perfectly portable, so
that they can slide in and out of the furnace, with the greatest facility, and
I
pass the feed water through them in order to preserve the metal, and also to
partially heat the water before it enters the boiler.
PREVENTING INCRUSTATIONS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert McCafferty at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th April
1858.
I, ROBERT MCCAFFERTY, of Lancaster, in the State of Pennsylvania, and
United States of America, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "PREVENTING INCRUSTATIONS IN STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows:-
My Invention and discovery consists in the application and use of gum
catechu to prevent or remove the incrustation in steam boilers and steam
generators.
I use the dark, or, as it is called, the black gum catechu, & employ a
sufficient quantity to keep the water in the boiler at a light reddish-brown
color, about the color of pale brandy. While that color is maintained,
incrustation will not occur and previous accumulations will be removed.
USING MALACCA AND MANILLA CANE INSTEAD OF WHALEBONE
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Bernard Blanché at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th April
1858.
I, BERNARD BLANCHE, of Bordeaux, in the Empire of France, and of 32,
Essex Street, Strand, London, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "USING MALACCA AND MANILLA CANE INSTEAD OF WHALEBONE,
to be as follows; and consists in employing strips of Malacca and Manilla canes
as a substitute for whalebone, and more especially in the manufacture of
umbrellas, parasols, stays, dresses, and such like purposes in which whalebone
is or may be used. I obtain the strips by dividing the Malacca or Manilla
cane into sections, which may be used either in the natural state or stained
in any desirable manner, painted or varnished. The heart or centre of the
cane may be dispensed with by using only the outer portion of the cane of such
thickness as may be required by the article to be produced. The Malacca
and Manilla canes are easily formed into any shape required to be used as
whalebone.
A NEW TONIC MEDICINE FOR THE CURE OF COUGHS AND DISEASES OF THE CHEST
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Wikoff at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th September
1858. A communication.
I, HENRY WIKOFF, of Holly Lodge, Kensington Gore, in the County of
Middlesex, Esquire, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A NEW TONIC MEDICINE FOR THE CURE OF COUGHS AND DISEASES OF THE CHEST,"
(a communication,) to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in extracting the sap from the maritime pine, and
administering it as a tonic medicine in given quantities, either in its natural
state or when clarified, or after being made into a syrup, for the purpose of
giving a good tone to the stomach, and is more particularly successful in the
cure of coughs, asthma, consumption, and other diseases of the chest, and
affections of the aerial and digestive organs, as well as dyssentry and com-
plaints of the genital and urinary organs.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR STRETCHING FABRICS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Morand at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th December
1858.
I, SAMUEL MORAND, of Manchester, do hereby declare the nature of the
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR STRETCHING FABRICS," to be
as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for stretching
fabrics. Heretofore, for the most part, the endless rows of points used in
machines for stretching fabrics have been made up into chains, the several
parts of which have been linked or attached together, and it has also been
proposed to form the separate parts with square ends, simply butting against
without being attached to each other, but in such case the several parts were
not suitable for passing out of a straight line with convenience.
Now, my improvements consist in forming a series of blocks which are to
move in suitable grooves or between guides, simply touching each other at
their ends without being linked or attached together; but in place of making
the blocks with square or flat ends, so that when in a straight line the whole
of the surfaces of the two ends of two neighbouring blocks shall be in contact,
I so form the ends of each block that when a series of them are in a straight
line, the neighbouring ones shall only touch each other at a point; for which
purpose each end of each block (in place of being square or at right angles to
the sides as heretofore when separate blocks have been used) is made to

page_text: incline from the centre outwards to the four angles, by which, when a number
are set in a straight line, the neighbouring ones will only touch at a point,
whilst they will admit of passing in curved and inclined lines. Each block is
made with a groove, through which pins pass to admit of the endless rows of
blocks being moved by toothed or chain wheels, although it is preferred to
make each block with four inclines at each end when a series of them are
required to bend out of the straight line in a vertical as well as horizontal
direction, it is not essential to do so, as similar results may be obtained by
making the ends curved or spherical, and when only desired to bend out of a
straight line in one plane, then the ends of the blocks will only require each
to be formed with two surfaces inclining outwards from the centre.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE LIGHTERS
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Burridge, House Painter and Decorator, of
No. 151, Great Portland Street, in the County of Middlesex, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE LIGHTERS."
Sealed the 17th December 1858, and dated the 22nd October 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Burridge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
October 1858.
I, JOSEPH BURRIDGE, House Painter and Decorator, of No. 151, Great
Portland Street, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE LIGHTERS," to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object improvements in making fire lighters.
Those now in use being made up of seperate peices of wood, and tied together
with string or other material, they have the very great defect of falling to
peices when carried about, and also of dropping to peices in the stove when
lighted, in consequence of the burning of the string. Now my Invention
consists in making perforated fire lighters from the solid wood or other
suitable material by the imployment of one or more tubular saws, or by
cutting, boring, or drilling; fire lighters made on this principal burn with a
powerful and consentrated flame, and do not fall to peices.

page_text: And
my Invention consists, also, in an improved method of cutting or
splitting wood, so as to produce that form of fire-wood known as bundle fire-
wood, by the imployment of an apperatus or cutting form in connection or not
with the tubular saws, cutting, boring, or drilling instruments.
The machine or apperatus by means of which the perforations, cutting, or
splitting is effected, is to be worked by steam or other power.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHSHARES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Daniel Stoten at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th November
1858.
I, DANIEL STOTEN, of Ponder's End, in the County of Middlesex, Black-
smith, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN PLOUGHSHARES," to be as follows:-
My Invention of improvements in ploughshares consists in the application
of hardened steel to the points thereof, so that a hard and enduring surface
is 3 presented at the sole or under part of the shares at the point, whereby
they are prevented wearing and acquiring a tendency to rise out of the
ground. For this purpose I prefer to form the share with a small cylindrical
or tapered channel from the point two or three inches backwards. In this
channel I insert a hardened steel pin, which forms the point of the share, and
presents the hard surface required to the soil passed over. When any wear
takes place on this pin it can readily be knocked out and turned partially
round so as to present a new point for wear. Instead of a steel pin a small
piece of steel may be welded on to the under side of the points of the shares,
or it may be on the under side of small shifting points applied to the shares
of ploughs.
A WATCH SIMPLIFIED WITH ANCHOR ESCAPEMENTS & RACK, FORMING A DOUBLE LEVER CATCHING IN THE PINION OF ITS BALANCE WHEEL
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jozé Luis at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th November
1858. A communication from Antoine Lepage.
-
I, JOZE LUIS, of the British & Foreign Office for Patents, No. 1³,
Welbeck Street, Cavendish Square, London, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A
WATCH SIMPLIFIED WITH ANCHOR ESCAPEMENTS & RACK, FORMING A DOUBLE LEVER
CATCHING IN THE PINION OF ITS BALANCE WHEEL," (a communication to me from
Antoine Lepage, a foreigner now residing abroad, to be as follows:-
The mounting of this watch is composed of a pallet plate on which is
fastened the whole machinery of the watch, and on the surface the ordinary
dial work of a watch is placed.
The stop is fixed on the axle of the winding up wheel as well as the dial..
On the face is placed the machinery of the watch.
The pallet plate forms the principal part of the box, and it is furnished:
with two hinges to receive the back of the box and the rim of the glass.
A tail piece, with its eye or ring, is added to the pieces above mentioned.
A hollow part in the pallet plate receives the spring, and serves as immoveable-
barrel arbor; a wheel placed beneath turns of itself: to the middle of this-
wheel a spring ratchet wheel is fixed by a round axle passing throughout it,.
and turning at soft friction.
When the watch is wound up in the core hole, round which the spring

page_text: winds, the two pieces being adjusted together, the ratchet wheel catches in its
wheel, and presents the opening where the key is placed to wind up the watch
on the side of the dial.
In the bool if donned
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE PREVENTION OF ACCIDENTS, APPLICABLE TO HOISTING AND OTHER LIFTING MACHINES EMPLOYED IN CONNECTION WITH RAILWAYS OR OTHER PLACES WHERE HEAVY BODIES REQUIRE TO BE MOVED FROM ONE LEVEL TO ANOTHER
Year: 1858

page_text: his invention received Provisional Protection, out notice
proceed wi
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Marcus Brown Westhead and
Hugh Baines at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 19th April 1858.
We, MARCUS BROWN WESTHEAD, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Merchant, and HUGH BAINES, of the same Place, Gentleman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE PREVENTION OF ACCIDENTS, APPLICABLE TO
HOISTING AND OTHER LIFTING MACHINES EMPLOYED IN CONNECTION WITH RAILWAYS
OR OTHER PLACES WHERE HEAVY BODIES REQUIRE TO BE MOVED FROM ONE LEVEL TO
ANOTHER," to be as follows:-
Firstly, our Invention relates to machinery by which railway waggons,
trucks, or other carriages are moved from one level to another, and consists in
arrangemen of mechanism for preventing such waggons, trucks, or other
carriages from moving off the platform of hoists during the ascent or descent
thereof, and also in arrangements which will prevent a waggon, truck, or other
carriage from being run into the hoist shaft till the platform is in the proper
position to receive it. These arrangements of mechanism consist of levers which
by means of weights or springs are made to assume a position to act as scotches
or obstructants to the movement of a waggon, truck, or other carriage on to
the platform, and to prevent such waggon, truck, or other carriage when on

page_text: the platform from moving off the platform during its ascent or descent, the
position of these levers being changed by mechanism in connection with the
platform of the hoist, so as to allow a free passage of the waggon, truck, or
other carriage when the platform of the hoist is in its correct position.
Secondly, our Invention consists in arrangements of mechanism to dis-
connect the motive power from the machinery which regulates the ascent and
descent of the hoist, in case one or more of the ropes or chains by which the
platform is suspended should break, and also immediately apply the the brake
or mechanism connected with the platform of the hoist to prevent its descent.
These arrangements consist of levers, which are pressed against the ropes or
chains suspending the platform by weights or springs, so that when a rope or
chain breaks, they allow the weights or springs to bring into operation
mechanism that disconnects the driving apparatus, and applies the brake or
other mechanism to prevent the descent of the platform.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR THE ELEVATION OF LIQUIDS
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Marc Antoine François Mennons
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
81st August 1858.-A communication.
I, MARC ANTOINE FRANÇOIS MENNONS, of the British and Foreign Patent
Offices, 39, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, in the Empire of France, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR THE
ELEVATION OF LIQUIDS," a communication, to be as follows:-
The Invention communicated to me consists in an improved apparatus for
the elevation of water and other fluids, without the intervention of mechanical
power.
The accompanying Drawing represents a section of the arrangement.
A, B, C, D, E, are syphon tubes of any required calibre; F, G, H, I, are
recipients proportioned to the diameter of the tubes, to the extremities of
which they are adapted. J, valve at the lower extremity of the first tube;
K, orifice at the top of the last recipient, and closed by a stop-cock or other
suitable arrangement; L, level; M, manometer; N, escape orifice, closed at
will by a stop-cock or other obturator; O, liquid to be raised. The orifice N
being closed, the apparatus is entirely filled with the liquid by the orifice K,
which is then closed hermetically in its turn. On opening the escape
orifice N, the flow of the liquid produces a vacuum in the recipient I, into

page_text: which pass the contents of the syphon branch D, which are replaced by those
of the recipient H, and so on continuously from recipient to recipient, in each
of which the vacuum is successively produced and replaced by the rising liquid.
It will be readily understood that a continuous flow of liquid to any desired
elevation may be obtained by the superposition of the required number of
syphons, as above described. The material of which the apparatus is formed
varies according to the purpose for which it is intended.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF TELEGRAPHIC CABLES
Year: 1858

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Buckingham, Charles
Humfrey, and Luke Richards Sykes at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 28th July 1858.
We, WILLIAM BUCKINGHAM, of Broad Street, Bloomsbury, Rope Manu-
facturer, CHARLES HUMFREY, of Camberwell, Merchant, and LUKE RICHARDS
SYKES, of Duke Street, Manchester Square, Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
TELEGRAPHIC CABLES," to be as follows:-
Our improvements consist in forming the the rope or cable which encloses
and insulates the electric wires of submarine and other telegraphs of silk, or
other fibrous non-conducting materials, either alone or in combination with
animal hair, and saturating such rope with gutta percha. For the purpose of
rendering the gutta percha more capable of resisting injury from external
causes, we propose to mix it in the melted state with finely powdered glass,
silica, or other non-conducting substance, and therewith saturating the rope
as above described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OB APPARATUS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Ramsbottom and' Thomas
Watson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition
on the 6th September 1858.
We, JOHN RAMSBOTTOM, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer
and THOMAS WATSON, of Baxenden, in the said County, Overlooker, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OB
APPARATUS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
The first part of our said Invention consists of an improved method of
stopping a loom when an obstruction occurs in the shed by any of the warp
threads breaking, in order to prevent the formation of what are technically
called "floats." We are aware that numerous attempts have been made to
accomplish this desirable object, all of which have hitherto failed, but we
believe that we have overcome the difficulties that have caused previous
attempts to fail.
We fix a spring on a hollowed part of the nose or taper part of the shuttle,
where it is least liable to be affected by entering or leaving the shed. We attach
a pin or projection to the said spring, which passes through an orifice in the nose
of the shuttle, in order to actuate a lever in a recess, one end of which lever is
caused by the depression of the spring to interfere with and break the weft
thread when leaving the cop, thus causing the stoppage of the loom by any of
the well-known weft motions in the usual manner. A spring may be attached
to the lever, if found desirable, or necessary to keep it in its place; or the
projection from the spring may be made to interfere with a break, or cut the

page_text: weft thread directly when passing the eye of the shuttle. The spring is
depressed by the floats or obstructions occurring in the shed pressing upon it,
or causing the shed to press thereon in passing through.
In the accompanying outline Drawing, a represents the spring, 6 the
projection from it acting on the lever c, for cutting or breaking the weft.
The second part of our improvements are intended principally to avoid
concussion and fracture of the warp, and consists in the application of one or
more springs or weights in connection with an L-shaped lever, the said springs
or weights being attached to what is generally known as the rising frog motion;
and also in the application of another spring to the slay upon which the rising
frog operates. We also affix the said frog in a moveable frame, which recedes
with the concussion, thereby giving motion to a double break, which operates
upon the two opposite parts of the fly wheel of the loom.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRIDLES (WITHOUT BITS AND WITHOUT CURB CHAINS,) FOR RIDING, DRIVING, OR OTHERWISE CONDUCTING HORSES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by François Socrate Perrare-Michal
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 29th November 1858.
I, FRANÇOIS SOCRATE PERRARE-MICHAL, of No. 20, Rue de la Chaussée
d'Antin, in the City of Paris, France, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRIDLES
(WITHOUT BITS AND WITHOUT CURB CHAINS,) FOR RIDING, DRIVING, OR OTHERWISE
CONDUCTING HORSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object to replace bridles with bits and curbs of
the ordinary description for riding and driving horses by bridles without bits
or curbs; it is constructed in the following manner-1st, the head stall or
leather part of the bridle is, as near as possible, the same as those now in use,
except the part called the nose band, which has in the inside a small piece of
steel, iron, or any other suitable metal; it is placed in the center, so as to
press upon the nose of the animal; the pressure is obtained by the connection
it has with the apparatus intended to replace the bit, and by which the horse
is guided. This apparatus consists of two pieces of iron, steel, brass, or any
other suitable metal; they are connected together by a bar or bars of the
same metal; one of these bars pass over the animal's nose and acts as a lever,
lifting up and down, or, I may say, pressing more or less on the animal's nose
according to the wish of the rider or driver; the other bar goes into the mouth,
but does not in any way affect or press on any part of the animal's mouth. The

page_text: bar or lever passing over the nose has two rings, to which is attached the reins,
and it is by these reins that the lever is lifted up and down, and consequently
pressed more or less on the horse's nose according to the wish of the rider or
driver. The apparatus is fixed to the head stall or leather part by suitable
buckles, and at each side the branch of the apparatus enters into a long
loop made for that purpose on either side of the head stall or leather part of
the bridle.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF TIGHTENING UP AND UNSCREWING BINDING NUTS AND SCREWS
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Robert Wilkin Atkinson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 11th February 1858.
I, JOSEPH ROBERT WILKIN ATKINSON, of Leeds, in the County of York,
Flax Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED MODE OF TIGHTENING UP AND UNSCREWING BINDING NUTS AND SCREWS,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improvement in the mode of tightening up and
unscrewing nuts and screws; its object being to tighten or bind closely
together the plates of flax holders and other clamps. According to the present
practice, the nuts of flax holders are screwed on and off by hand, and as this
operation requires to be continually repeated, a large expenditure of time in
tightening up and opening the holders consequently results in every flax mill.
My improved mode is to lay the holder, to be tightened up, sideways on a
plate, the side on which the nuts are placed being next the plate; on a level
with and working within this plate are two revolving sockets into which the
nuts of the holder enter. These revolving sockets are driven by the inter-
vention of friction surfaces, and consequently when the nuts have been screwed
tight the revolving sockets discontinue their motion. By a treadle connected
by levers with sliding rods which move up through the plate the holder can

page_text: be thrust off the plate, and thereby the nuts will be withdrawn from the socket,
and the holders disengaged from the machine; but I do not confine myself to
this particular mode of lifting off the holder. To slacken the clamping nuts
it is only necessary to reverse the rotary motion of the sockets.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF VARNISHES FOR WATERPROOFING PAPER, LINEN, AND TEXTILE FABRICS, AND COATING THE SAME WITH METALLIC FOILS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Winter at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st December
1858.
I, FREDERICK WINTER, of Hoxton, in the County of Middlesex, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF VARNISHES FOR WATERPROOFING
PAPER, LINEN, AND TEXTILE FABRICS, AND COATING THE SAME WITH METALLIC
FOILS," to be as follows:-
My said Invention consists in the manufacture of varnishes suitable for
rendering paper and linen and other textile fabrics waterproof, and when
required in coating the same with tin foil or other like foils. The varnish
may be composed of shell lac, benzoin, and Venice turpentine dissolved in
spirits of wine and wood naptha; er rosin, gum elimi, sandarach mastic, and
the varieties of shell lac, may singly or combined be dissolved in variable pro-
portions in refined Venice turpentine; or the shell lacs may be dissolved in an
aqueous solution of the borax, afterwards adding spirits of wine in any desired
quantity.
When articles require coating with tin foil or other foils, the
metallic leaf is applied before the varnish is dry and passed between rollers to
cause its compression and to spread it equally and smoothly.