NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR REGULATING THE GENERATION AND PRESSURE OF STEAM IN AND DAD D D THE GATION AND PRESSURE OF STEAM IN STEAM BOILERS, AND FOR PREVENTING THE EXPLOSION OF STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joshua Horton, junior, of Brierley Hill, in the County
of Stafford, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "NEW OR IMPROVED
MACHINERY FOR REGULATING THE GENERATION AND PRESSURE OF STEAM IN
AND DAD D D
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joshua Horton, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the'
12th February 1857.
I, JOSHUA HORTON, junior, of Brierley Hill, in the County of Stafford,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "NEW
OR IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR REGULATING THE GENERATION AND PRESSURE OF STEAM
IN STEAM BOILERS, AND FOR PREVENTING THE EXPLOSION OF STEAM BOILERS," to be
as follows
In carrying, my Invention into effect, I adapt to the top of the boiler a
casting containing a small valve; the said valve carries dead weights to the.
intended pressure of the steam, and allows any excess of steam to pass through
a pipe. The said pipe communicates with the cylinder fitted with the piston ;
the rod of the piston carries a rack, which engages in a pinion connected with
the damper. I also fix a lever inside the boiler, the short arm being under
the valve; the long arm is supported by the buoyancy of a float. When the
water falls below its proper working level, the weight on the valve is lifted, and
the steam passes into the cylinder and closes the damper. I also attach a rod
to the long arm of the leyer; the said rod passes through a stuffing box on the.
top of the boiler, for the purpose of immersing the float and raising the valve,
thereby causing the steam to close the damper at pleasure.

page_text: upper
I also adapt to the top of the boiler a casting containing a valve of large
diameter, the steam acting at the same time on both sides of the said valve.
I attach to the said casting two small valves carrying dead weights to the
pressure required. These valves are arranged so that when the steam in the
boiler is in excess, the small valve admitting the said steam to the
side
of the large valve is shut, and at once allows the said large valve to open and let
out the steam. The small valves are acted upon by the lever, herein-before
described, in connection with the valve for closing the damper, so that when
the water is low the whole of the steam blows from the boiler. By the last-
described part of my Invention, the steam generated by injecting water into a
boiler heated to redness, escapes without producing an explosion.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joshua Horton, in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 5th
August 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSHUA
HORTON, junior, of Brierley Hill, in the County of Stafford, Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Joshua Horton, Her special licence that I, the said Joshua Horton, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Joshua
Horton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR
REGULATING THE GENERATION AND PRESSURE OF STEAM IN STEAM BOILERS, AND
FOR PREVENTING THE EXPLOSION OF STEAM BOILERS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Joshua Horton, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joshua Horton, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
In carrying my Invention into effect, I adapt to the top of the boiler a
casting containing a small valve; the said valve carries dead weights or a lever
weight to the intended pressure of the steam; and allows any excess of steam
to pass through a pipe. The said pipe communicates with a cylinder 'fitted
with a piston; the rod of the piston carries a rack, which engages in a pinion
connected with the damper. I also fix a lever inside the boiler, the short arm
being under the valve; the long arm is supported by the buoyancy of a float.
When the water falls below its proper working level, the weight on the valve
is lifted, and the steam passes into the cylinder and closes the damper. I also
attach a rod to the long arm of the lever; the said rod passes through a
stuffing box on the top of the boiler, for the purpose of immersing the float
and raising the valve, thereby causing the steam to close the damper at
pleasure.
My Invention consists mainly of the apparatus represented in section in the
accompanying Drawing, which said apparatus may either be used in combina-
tion with the apparatus herein-before described or alone. a is a tubular casting
of large diameter; in the lower part of the said casting is a valve seat b, upon
which the valve c rests. At about the middle of the casting a is another valve
seat d, on which the valve e rests. The valves cand e are connected by the
rod f.
When the steam from the boiler is allowed to press upon the top of
the valve e and on the under side of the valve c, the two pressures being equal
in amount and opposite in direction, they neutralize one another, and there is
no tendency in the valves c, c, to rise from their seats. The upper part of the
casting a communicates with the boiler by means of the pipes g, h. i; k, are
valves situated respectively at the upper and lower ends of the pipe.h, the
valve i opening upwards and the valve k opening downwards. The said
valves i, k, are connected by a rod 1. The valve i is loaded with a lever
weight m, or by a dead weight, or by a spring to the pressure required. When
the pressure of the steam in the boiler exceeds that to which the valve i is
loaded, the said valve i is raised, and steam escapes between the said valve i
and its seat. The rising of the valve i is attended by the closing of the valve k,
and the temporary diminution of the pressure on the top of the valve e. The
pressure on the under side of the valve c being no longer counterbalanced, the
said valve c rises and permits of the escape of steam through the waste pipe o.
The diminished pressure of the steam allows the small valve i to close, when

page_text: .
the valve, opens and restores the pressure on the top of the valve c, and all
the parts remain in the relative positions represented in the Drawing until the
pressure of the steam in the boiler exceeds that to which the valve i is loaded,
the rising of the valve i effecting the closing of the valve and the closing of
the valve k shutting off, the steam by which the valve i is raised. The opening
and closing of the valves, i, k, takes place by a rapid alternating motion when
the pressure of the steam in the boiler exceeds the pressure with which the
valve i is loaded. The motion of the valves i, k, is accompanied by the motion
of the valves c, c, and the escape of steam by the waste pipe o, which escape
continues until the pressure in the boiler has been reduced to the desired
degree. n is a float hanging by the lever p. The lever p enters a slot in the
axis of the valve k, and when the float n descends through deficiency of water
in the boiler to such a distance that the valve k is closed, the opening of the
valve cand the escape of steam from the pipe o immediately follows. The
float n acts upon the valve only when the water in the boiler is low.
The valve may be acted upon by the lever, herein-before described, in con-
nection with the valve for closing the damper, so that when the water is low
the whole of the steam blows from the boiler.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and, the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit
myself to the precise details, herein described and represented, as the same
may be varied without departing from the nature of my said Invention; but I
claim as my Invention the new or improved machinery for regulating the
generation and pressure of steam in steam boilers, and for preventing the
explosion of steam boilers, herein-before described, that is to say, the machinery
or apparatus represented in the accompanying Drawing, whether used alone or
in conjunction with the apparatus, for regulating the furnace damper, herein
first described.
In witness, whereof, I, the said Joshua Horton, have hereunto,,set, my
hand, and seal,, this Third day of August, in, the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred, and fifty-seven.
Witness,
JOHN SKIDMOR.
JOSHUA HORTON, JUNIOR. (L.S.)