A TROVEMENT IN THE CONCATION AM
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Marie Bardet, Chemist, and François Collette,
Manufacturer, both of Paris, in the Empire of France, for the Invention
of "A TROVEMENT IN THE CONCATION AM"
Sealed the 29th December 1854, and dated the 4th July 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Marie Bardet and
François Collette at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 4th July 1854.
We, JOSEPH MARIE BARDET, Chemist, and FRANÇOIS COLLETTE, Manufac-
turer, both of Paris, in the Empire of France, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MATCHES"
to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to produce a match which will ignite by
friction, and burn with a steady and continuous flame in the open air. In
manufacturing matches according to our Invention we proceed as follows:-
Sheets of paper or cardboard, or thin slips of wood, are first saturated in a
solution of saltpetre, and after having been well dried, a thin layer of the
inflammable matter usually employed in the manufacture of matches is inter-
posed between the sheets of paper or slips of wood.
After having been again dried, the sheets of paper or cardboard, or slips of
wood, are to be cut into small strips of the size of the matches required; by

page_text: thus interposing the inflammable matter between two bodies which burn
with less avidity, the combustion of the interposed matter is moderated, and a
continuous flame is kept up until the match is consumed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Maric Bardet and François Collette in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 4th January 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, Josepi
MARIE BARDET, Chemist, and FRANÇOIS COLLETTE, Manufacturer, both of
Paris, in the Empire of France, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto them, the
said Joseph Marie Bardet and François Collette, Her special licence that
they, the said Joseph Marie Bardet and François Collette, executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as they, the said Joseph Maric
Bardet and François Collette, executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time, to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MATCHES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that they, the said Joseph Marie Bardet and François Collette, by an
instrument in writing under their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that they, the said Joseph Marie Bardet and François
Collette, do hereby declare the nature of their said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement :-
"AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MATCHES."
We saturato by immersion or otherwise sheets of paper, cardboard, wood,
or any other suitable combustible. matter in a solution of saltpetre, to which

page_text: solution, if required, can be added a certain quantity of any suitable odoriferous
matter, in order that during combustion an agreeable scent may be developed;
after being completely dried, we place between any two such sheets a thin
layer of any of the phosphorated gummy pastes usually employed for forming
the igniting part of friction matches, to which paste has been mixed a suitable
quantity of any incombustible substance, such as ground glass, fine sand,
pulverized pumice stone, pulverized calcined alum, or any other similar
suitable inert matter, having the power of preventing the combustion to spread.
too speedily in the paste from one particle to the other.
It is necessary that a certain portion of the sheets should be left without
paste, in order to form that end of the lucifer matches which is to be held in
the hand. After a proper desiccation the two sheets will firmly adhere, and may
then be cut in strips of the required size for forming matches, and the whole
may then be cut by means of scissors, knives, or any other suitable mecha-
nical agency; after which these strips are covered with varnish, or any other
suitable impermeable coating, in order to protect the match from humidity,
prevent the evaporation of the phosphorus, and to protect them against
involuntary or accidental ignition, occasioned by packing or other causes, this
coating to extend only to that part of the strips containing the phosphorated
paste. It will be found convenient to mix a certain quantity of any suitable
colouring matter with the coating, in order to distinguish the combustible
part from that which is to be held in the hand. If required, the end of the
match may be dipped into phosphorated paste of greater inflammatory power
than that contained in the match, in order to facilitate the lighting of the
same; after having been thoroughly dried they may be packed up in boxes or
otherwise.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the means of carry-
ing the same into operation, we wish it to be understood that we do not claim
as our Invention the general employment of saltpetre solution, of phosphorated
paste, or of any protecting coating for the preparation of friction matches,
as such solutions, pastes, and coatings have been before used; nor do we
restrict ourselves to any special saltpetre solution, phosphorated paste, and
protecting coating, as their composition may vary more or less according to
the purpose required; but what we claim as our Invention consists of,-
Firstly, the manufacture of friction matches, giving during their combustion
a flame of sufficient persistance to resist the action of the wind, and formed
by the partly or entirely interposition of inflammable phosphorated paste
between two light, firm, combustible bodies, the combustibility of which may
be enhanced by any suitable previous preparation, these bodies thus arranged

page_text: being cut in a convenient form and size to render them fit to be used for
friction matches.'
Secondly, the mode of moderating and steadying this combustion of the
interposed phosphorated paste, by thoroughly mixing with the same a
sufficient quantity of any suitable finely pulverized, inert, or non-combustable
matter.
Thirdly, the mode of preventing involuntary combustion, by covering the
said matches entirely or partly with any suitable coating.
Fourthly, the general arrangement or construction of the said matches.
In witness whereof, we, the said Joseph Marie Bardet and François
Collette, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Third day of
January, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-five.
JOSEPH MARIE BARDET. (L.B.)
FRANCOIS COLLETTE.
(L.S.).
JOSEPH MARIE BARDET. (L.S.)
FRANCOIS COLLETTE.
(L.S.).