Improvements in and relating to Drying or Heating and Surfacing Cylinders used in the Manufacture of Paper' and other Materials.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Dec., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 15th Sept., 1898-Accepted, 26th Nov., 1898
ATCAT T
TOWIN TX
Improvements in and relating to Drying or Heating and
Surfacing Cylinders used in the Manufacture of Paper'
and other Materials.
I, EDWARD JOSEPH CURTIN, Managing Engineer, of 6, St. Ronan's Avenue,
Redland, in the City and County of Bristol, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in the construction of drying or heating
and surfacing cylinders used in the manufacture of paper and other materiais.
These cylinders as at present used are generally made of cast iron with ends and
trunnions bolted on, and are heated by live or exhaust steam passing into them
through one of the trunnions or bearings upon which they revolve, and as the steam
condenses the water of condensation is discharged through the opposite trunnion or
bearing by the aid of "dippers" or other appliances.
In constructing these cylinders according to my invention I use preferably a coil
of iron steel or metal tubes inside the cylinder to be heated, which coil of tube is
supplied with steam of any desired pressure, one end of such coil passing through
one of the trunnions or bearings of the cylinder and connected to the steam supply
pipe and the other end of the coil passing through the other trunnion of the
cyclinder connecting to a steam trap of any approved pattern for the purpose of
discharging the water of condensation. Instead of a coil of tube I may use one or
more horizontal tubes, or one or more vessels of any size or shape to receive the
steam for heating the outer cylinder and so arranged that the condensed water
may be efficiently discharged, such tubes or vessels being made of iron steel or
metal of any kind. The outer cylinder may also be made of cast or rolled iron or
steel or metal of any kind.
The heating or drying cylinder may also be formed of a continuous coil of tube,
coiled closely together and fitted with trunnions or bearings without a separate or
outer cylinder.
Instead of using live or exhaust steam for the heating medium as at present I
may use atmospheric air heated in any convenient manner, or atmospheric air com-
pressed to a sufficient pressure to give the required heat, or if live steam is used I
may superheat this to any required temperature or if exhaust steam is used I may
also reheat this to any desired temperature, and any or either of these means of
heating the cylinders inay also be applied to the ordinary heating cylinders as at
present made.

page_text: .
'
Improvements in and relating to Drying or Heating and
Surfacing Cylinders used in the Manufacture of Paper
and other Materials.
I, EDWARD JOSEPH CURTIN, of 6, St. Ronan's Avenue, Redland, Bristol, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to drying or heating and surfacing cylinders used in the
manufacture of paper and other materials, and the calendering and surfacing of other
fabrics, such as calico and the like.
.The practice hitherto has been to make, such cylinders with cast-iron barrels and
with cast-iron ends bolted to the barrel. The method employed to heat the cylinders
has been to pass steam through them, the steam having free access to the whole of
the interior; the steam being fed into the cylinder through one of the trunnions or
bearings on which the cylinder rotates, and the water of condensation being discharged
through the opposite trunnion or bearing by the aid of "dippers."
Now, according to this invention, the steam, hot air or other suitable agent
employed for heating the cylinder is passed through the cylinder by way of a separate
apparatus which may consist of a metallic coil, or a series of tubes, or a chest or series
of chests, or other chamber or chambers. The water of condensation, when steam is
the heating agent employed, does not come into contact with the cylinder shell or
barrel.
By the adoption of a separate apparatus for the heating agent, I am enabled to
employ cylinders of lighter construction. The cylinders, instead of being entirely or
for the most part of cast-iron, consist, under this invention, of a rolled steel or iron
barrel bolted towards each end to arins or spokes preferably made of cast-iron. The
spaces between the arms have a casing of sheet iron, and beyond this casing is a
packing of asbestos or other like non-conductor of heat, such as slag wool. The ends
are finally closed by a wooden covering.
The steam or other heating agent adopted may, after having been employed to
heat one cylinder in the manner above described, be conducted thence to another
and so on through a series of cylinders until the temperature of the agent is too low
for further heating.
When steam is employed as the heating agent, it is trapped on issuing from the
cylinder or cylinders, and it may be re-heated. The steam may be superheated, and
thus be to some extent dried before use.
Referring to the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 represents in longitudinal section,
and Fig. 2 in end view, a drying, heating or surfacing cylinder constructed in
accordance with one method comprised in this invention for the purposes aforesaid.
In this arrangement a metallic coil a is used for conveying the heating agent through
the cylinder. The said agent may be admitted at either end, but the direction
of rotation of the cylinder must be such as to "
27
screw or impel any condensation
water from the admission end to the discharge end. The heat given off from the
coil is distributed over the interior of the cylinder, the barrel b of which is
accordingly heated throughout for drying and surfacing paper or other material which
is brought into contact with its periphery. The water of condensation, where steam
is employed, does not come into contact with the cylinder barrel.
By the employment of a separate apparatus to receive and convey the heating
agent through the cylinder, I am enabled to employ a cylinder of lighter construction
han those consisting entirely or for the most part of cast-iron. Under my invention

page_text: the cylinder consists of a barrel 6 of rolled iron or steel properly jointed by dove-
tailing or otherwise, and, if required, by brazing in addition. The barrel b is bolted
or rivetted to arms or spokes c situated towards each end of the cylinder and preferably
made of cast-iron. The spaces between the arms or spokes c are filled in with sheet-
iron, and beyond this is a packing d of asbestos or other like non-conductor of
heat, such as slag wool. The cylinder ends are finally closed by a wooden covering e
in which are ventilators which serve as means to assist in controlling the temperature
in the cylinder.
After the steam or other heating agent has passed through one such apparatus
it may be conducted to another of the same kind and so on throughout a series
until it is too cold for further heating.
In
At Fig. 3 is shown in longitudinal section, and at Fig. 4 partly in end view and
partly in transverse section, another arrangement comprised in this invention.
this arrangement, the separate apparatus for conveying the steam or other heating
agent employed to heat the cylinder consists of a series of tubes g communicating at
one end with the supply pipe through which the heating agent is supplied, and, at
the other, with the discharge. The tubes are inclined from the feed end A downwards
towards the discharge end B.
The general construction of the cylinder is the same as that herein before
described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2, and like parts are indicated by like letters
of reference.
I do not confine myself to the two forms of apparatus above described and shown
for conveying the beating agent through the cylinder and discharging condensation
water, as, obviously, other kinds of apparatus may be employed for the purpose. For
example, a chest or a series of chests, or a chamber or a series of chambers may
instead be adopted and placed in the cylinder to convey the heating agent through
it.
As will be readily understood, this invention is applicable to drying, heating and
surfacing cylinders of the ordinary kind as heretofore constructed, it being only
necessary for that purpose to place therein a separate apparatus for the conveyance of
the heating agent.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In a heating, drying and surfacing cylinder used in the manufacture of paper
and in the calendaring and surfacing of other fabrics, such as calico and the like, the
provision in the cylinder of a separate apparatus for conducting the heating agent
through the cylinder, the said apparatus consisting of a coil or other arrangement of
tubes, or a chamber or chambers, or a chest or chests, or the like, substantially as
hereinabove described.
2. A heating, drying and surfacing cylinder heated by a separate apparatus con-
tained in the cylinder as set forth in the preceding claim, the said cylinder, having a
barrel such as 6 of rolled iron or steel, arins or spokes such as c, and having the ends
closed by sheet iron filling in the spaces between the arms and having a
layer of
asbestos or other suitable material next the sheet iron, and end covers, such as e, of
wood, substantially as hereinabove described and shown in the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this with day of Santambar 1000
NICHOLAS WATTS,
Chartered Patent Agent, Bristol.