IMPROVEMENTS IN NAILS AND OTHER FASTENINGS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Carr at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
April 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, THOMAS CARR, of Chowbent, in the County of Lancashire,
Wholesale Ironmonger, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN NAILS AND OTHER FASTENINGS, AND IN
THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates as well to a new form or shape of nail or
fastening as to machinery for manufacturing the same and other
fastenings, such as rivets, set screws, bolts, and other pins or articles of
a similar nature. The new form of nail has a plug or perpendicular
head. One form of such nail has two sides of its head quite perendicular,
so that the nails will fit close together, side by side, and form as it were

page_text: a solid metallic plate round the heel or sole of a boot. Such a system
or leading principle of form is applicable to many varieties of fastenings,
the plug or perpendicular plan of head being suitable whether the
articles are plug on all sides or only on one side (as in the case of
square or angular heads), or round heads of a cheese form. The
machinery for making nails and fastenings has its shaping mechanism
so arranged that its bottom die or mould is capable of working back-
wards and forwards as occasion may require. The back of the die
forms a species of punch, which is fixed in the hammer head in such
manner that it can only work back and forward to a certain determined
length of traverse; and when the shaping blow is struck, the shoulder of
this punch is kept solid against a shoulder in the hammer head by means
of a suitably disposed spring. The punch forming the back of the die
goes right through the hammer head from back to front, and projects
out a short distance behind. The effect of this plan is, that if the
projecting tail of the die is pressed or struck behind the nail which has
been struck behind the nail which has been struck in the die will be at
once driven out. This compound hammer and die strikes the metal
upon an anvil to give the shaping blow, a peg in the block head fitting
to the month of the die as the latter descends. The striker or hammer
works back by a spring; and one or more of the sides of the die being
perpendicular, the head will stick in the die, and so the nail will
be carried up with the hammer until the tail of the die plug strikes a
stop behind, and thus discharges the newly shaped nail. The same
tool answers for the several articles previously enumerated, but for the
larger sizes of rivets and other articles it is preferable to employ a
screw actuated by a lever. In that case the loose punch works in a
box in the same way as in the hammer head, the plug into which the
shank is put being made to slide in and out; or the peg may have the
die for the head in it (without a loose bottom), and a hole for the shank.
A punch fits this die and is worked, down by the screw into it so as to
press the head to the shape of the die, whilst there is a punch under
the shank working perpendicularly by being connected with the lever
actuating the screw. This punch works in a socket, and as the screw

page_text: works up again it rises perpendicularly, and so forces out the plug.
Instead of this plan, these articles may be made by a hammer worked in
the usual way, the hammer head having a projection to fit the die set in
the peg in the block, whilst there is a punch under the shank worked
by a screw or other convenient means.