Improvements in or relating to Car Ventilating, Heating, and Cooling.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Sept., 1897-Accepted, 13th Nov., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Car Ventilating, Heating, and
Cooling.
I, SAM HUGHES, residing on Cambridge Street, in the Town of Lindsay, in the
County of Victoria, in the Province of Ontario, Canada, Newspaper Editor, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The object of this invention is to provide a car with a continuous supply of
fresh air, purified, regulated and tempered during its admission to the car, and
also to provide for the exhaustion of the vitiated air; and the invention 'consists
essentially of the device hereinafter set forth.
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of a car.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal plan section of the top of the car.
Fig. 3 is a view of an alternative form.
Fig. 4 is a cross section on the lines a, a, Fig. 1.
Like letters of reference refer to like parts throughout the specification and
drawings.
A, A³, represent two hoods for the admission and the exhaust of air. These
hoods are faced in opposite directions, and towards the length of the car. Each
of the hoods A, A', is fitted with a damper a, a respectively. Connected to each
of the hoods A, A' is a pipe B, B respectively. The pipe B extends from the
hood A to a purifying tank C, whilst the pipe B extends from the hood A' to a
purifying tank C₁
The purifying tanks C, C are preferably situated beneath car seats. The
situation of the tanks, however, can be varied to meet the requirements of the
construction of the car. Each of the tanks C, C is made watertight in any
ordinary manner, and is provided with a draw-off opening c temporarily closed
by a hollow plug D. The plugs D extend upwardly from the bottom of the tanks,
and act as overflows.
Located within each of the tanks C, C is a screen or screens E, which prevent
the dust particles, admitted to the tank, escaping therefrom. The ends of the
pipes B, B are so arranged as to deliver the air admitted through them between
the screens and the bottom of the tank, in order that it will be necessary for the
air to pass through the screens before being admitted to the distributing ducts.
The bottom of each of the pipes B, B' is located above the high water mark of
the tank, in order that the admission of the air will not be check, by the water
within the tank.
F, F, represent openings, one in the top of each of the tanks C, C¹. These
openings F, F, are each temporarily closed by a tightly fitting cover. The purpose
of the openings is to provide access to the tanks.
G G represent pipes one fitted into the top of each of the tanks C, C' above the
screens. The pipe G connects with a converging duct H, whilst the pipe G¹

page_text: connects with a converging duct H¹. The ducts H, H' are located in any con-
venient part of the car, and extend along the length of the same. These ducts,
as shown in the drawings, are located along the top of the car, but I do not wish
to confine myself to this particular location, as I may place them in any other
convenient position.
Each of the converging ducts H, H. is provided. with a series of openings I, I,
respectively, into the car, fitted with suitable dampers to regulate the volume
of air admitted or exhausted. The openings I, I' are preferably protected by
perforated shields or screens K, K' respectively, which practically form distri-
buting chambers for the openings.
L represents a tempering apparatus, so arranged as to temper the air.before its
admission to the car. I have shown this tempering apparatus to consist of a coil
of pipes, situated within the pipes B, B. Each of these coils can be employed as
a heating or as a cooling coil, but I do not confine myself to the use of the coils,
or to placing them in or around the pipes B, B1, as I may use them in conjunction
with the pipes G, G¹, or I may use any other style of apparatus for tempering the
air during its admission to the car.
When the car is moving in the direction indicated by arrows, the system
operates by the air passing into the hood A through the pipe B into the tank C,
the air depositing in the water contained in the tank the dust particles and gas
contained in it. The air passes through the screens in the tank to the mouth of
the pipe G, which is preferably bell-shaped, and through the pipe G to the
converging duct H, thence through the openings I and perforated shields or screens K
into the car, the perforated shields or screens equalizing the distribution of the
air.
During the admission of the purified air to the car from the duct H, an exhaust
of the vitiated air is taking place through the screens K¹ and openings I into
the converging duct H¹, through the pipe G', tanks C¹, pipe B¹, and hood A¹ to
the outer air. The exhaust through the hood A¹ is operated by the vacuum created
at the mouth of the hood A¹ by the rush of the air over the back of the hood.
When the car is moving in the opposite direction, the air is admitted to the car
through the hood A', pipe B', tank C¹ and its connections, and the exhaust is
taking place through the hood A and its connections.
From the foregoing description it will be noticed that in order to provide for
the admission of the purified air and the exhaust of the vitiated air it is necessary
to employ duplicate hoods and distributing ducts with their intermediate connec-
tions, and that when the car is moving in one direction the hood facing in the
direction of motion acts as the intake, and when the car is moving in the opposite
urection the same hood acts as the outlet or exhaust, and vice versa.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
L
1. The improvements in or relating to car ventilating, heating and cooling
herinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. A car ventilating, heating and cooling apparatus consisting of a hood, a
purifying tank, a pipe connecting the hood with the purifying tank, screens
within the purifying tank, a converging duct, a pipe connecting the tank with
the converging duct, and openings from the duct into the car, substantially as
specified.
3. In a car ventilating, heating, and cooling apparatus the combination of a
hood, a purifying tank, a pipe connecting the hood with the purifying tank,
screens within the purifying tank, a converging duct, pipe or pipes connecting
the tank with the converging duct, dampered openings from the duct into the
car, and screens or perforated shields protecting the dampered openings, substan-
tially as specified.
4. A car ventilating, heating and cooling apparatus consisting of a hood, a

page_text: purifying tank, a pipe connecting the hood with the purifying tank, screens within
the purifying tank, a converging duct, a pipe connecting the tank with the con-
verging duct, openings from the duct into the car, and an opening in the bottom
of the tank closed by a hollow plug projecting into the tank and forming an over-
flow, substantially as specified.
5. In a car ventilating, heating, and cooling apparatus the combination of a
hood, a purifying tank, a pipe connecting the hood with the purifying tank, screens
within the purifying tank, a converging duct, pipe or pipes connecung the tank
with the converging duct, dampered openings from the duct into the car, screens
or perforated shields protecting the dampered openings, and an opening in the
bottom of the tank closed by a hollow plug projecting into the tank and forming
an overflow, substantially as specified.
6. A car ventilating, heating and cooling apparatus consisting of a hood, a
purifying tank, a pipe connecting the hood with the purifying tank, screens in
the purifying tank a converging duct, a pipe connecting the tank with the con-
verging duct, dampered openings from the duct into the car, and an apparatus to
regulate the temperature of the air admitted through the openings of the duct
into the car, substantially as specified.
and
7. A car venilating, heating and cooling apparatus consisting of a plurality
of hoods faced in opposite directions and towards the length of the car, a plurality
of purifying tanks, a connection between each hood and its respective tank, a screen
or screens within each purifying tank, a plurality of converging ducts,
a connection between each tank and its respective ducts, each duct
provided with openings into the car, protected by perforated shields or screens,
the duct or ducts connected with the hood or hoods, having their mouth or mouths
opposed to the direction or motion of the car, supplying the car with purified
air, and the duct or ducts in connection with the hood or hoods having their
mouths facing in the opposite direction, exhausting the vitiated air from the car,
substantially as specified.
Datal the 22nd Cant
1005
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.