IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SADDLES AND HANGERS, AND TOP AND BOTTOM BEARINGS FOR SHAFTING AND ROLLERS USED IN CONNECTION WITH MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Oldham Whittaker, Handel Wallwork, and Isaiah
Wallwork, all of Hurst, near Ashton-under-Lyne, in the County
of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OF SADDLES AND HANGERS, AND TOP AND BOTTOM BEARINGS FOR SHAFTING
AND ROLLERS USED IN CONNECTION WITH MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND
SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 13th July 1869, and dated the 16th March 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Oldham Whittaker,
Handel Wallwork, and Isaiah Wallwork, at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 16th March
1869.
We, OLDHAM WHITTAKER, HANDEL WALLWORK, and ISAIAH WALL-
WORK, all of Hurst, near Ashton-under-Lyne, in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
THE CONSTRUCTION OF 'SADDLES AND HANGERS, AND TOP AND BOTTOM BEARINGS
FOR SHAFTING AND ROLLERS USED IN CONNECTION WITH MACHINERY FOR PREPARING
AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-.
This Invention is intended to be used principally for the "saddles "
and hangers" employed in connection with the drawing rollers of
[Price 8d.]

page_text: machinery for preparing and spinning cotton and other fibrous sub-
stances, but it is also applicable to the bearings of the beaters used in
"scutchers" or "lap machines," and to the bearings of other revolving
shafts employed in machinery for preparing and spinning cotton and
other fibrous substances.
The Invention consists principally in dispensing with the use of brass,
gun metal, or other metallic alloy for the bearing surfaces of such parts
of preparing and spinning machinery, and substituting therefor hard
wood (by preference boxwood) with the end of the grain towards the
bearing surface.
04
Instead of making the saddles" and "hangers" or other bearings of
brass, as usual, we propose to make them of cast iron or other inferior
metal, forming them with a socket or recess at the bearing, and insert
therein small pieces of wood with the end of the grain perpendicular to
the bearing surface. By these means we not only dispense with the
use of brass and employ a material much less costly, but we also
dispense with the use of oil, whereby we are enabled to work much
cleaner, and also to keep the leather-covered top rollers in use for a
much longer time than in machines where oil is employed.
All that is
required for the lubrication of the bearings is to apply a small portion
of tallow occasionally (say about once a week) to the bearing surface
or, if preferred, dry powdered lubricating material, such as plumbago
steatite, or soapstone, or a mixture of the same with tallow or paraffine
may be substituted.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Oldham Whittaker, Handel Wallwork, and
Isaiah Wallwork in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 15th
September 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, OLDHAM
WHITTAKER, HANDEL WALLWORK, and ISAIAH WALLWORK, all of
Hurst, near Ashton-under-Lyne, in the County of Lancaster, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of March, in the year of

page_text: our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Oldham Whittaker, Handel Wallwork,
and Isaiah Wallwork, Her special license that we, the said Oldham
Whittaker, Handel Wallwork, and Isaiah Wallwork, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Oldham
Whittaker, Handel Wallwork, and Isaiah Wallwork, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term'
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
THE CONSTRUCTION OF 'SADDLES,' AND 'HANGERS,' AND TOP AND BOTTOM BEARINGS
FOR SHAFTING AND ROLLERS USED IN CONNECTION WITH MACHINERY FOR PREPARING
AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said Oldham Whittaker, Handel Wallwork,
and Isaiah Wallwork, our executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Oldham Whittaker, Handel
Wallwork, and Isaiah Wallwork, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-
31
This Invention is intended to be used principally for the "saddles
and "
hangers" employed in connection with the drawing rollers of
machinery for preparing and spinning cotton and other fibrous sub-
stances, but it is also applicable to the bearings of the beaters used in
"scutchers" or "lap machines," and to the bearings of other revolving
shafts employed in machinery for preparing and spinning cotton and
other fibrous substances.
The Invention consists principally in dispensing with the use of brass,
gun metal, or other metallic alloy for the bearing surfaces of such parts
preparing and spinning machinery, and substituting therefor hard
of

page_text: wood (by preference lance or box wood) with the end of the grain
towards the bearing surface.
"
Instead of making the saddles" and "hangers or other bearings
of brass as usual we propose to make them of cast iron or other in-
ferior metal, forming them with a socket or recess at the bearing, and
insert therein small pieces of wood with the end of the grain perpen-
dicular to the bearing surfaces. By these means we not only dispense
with the use of brass and employ a material much less costly, but we
also dispense with the use of oil, whereby we are enabled to work
much cleaner, and also to keep the leather-covered top rollers in use
for a much longer time than in machines where oil is employed. All
that is required for the lubrication of the bearings is to apply small
portion of tallow occasionally (say about once a week) to the bearing
surface; or, if preferred, dry powdered lubricating material, such as
plumbago, steatite, or soapstone, or a mixture of the same with tallow
or paraffin may be substituted.
Such being the nature and object of our said Invention, we will
now proceed to describe more in detail the manner in which the
same is to be or may be performed and carried into practical effect,
and in order that the same may be clearly understood we have annexed
hereunto a Sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof, and have marked
the same with figures and letters of reference corresponding with
those in the following explanation thereof (that is to say):-
In the annexed Drawing Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the draw
box of a roving frame, showing tlie application of our Invention
thereto, and Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the same, drawn partly in
section. a, a, are the front drawing rollers, and b, b, the back drawing
rollers; c, c, is the " hanger for weighting the former, and d, d, the
"saddle" for weighting the latter. Instead of casting these saddles
and hangers of solid brass, as hitherto practised, we cast them of iron
or other inferior metal having a square or other formed socket at the
bearing part, and we insert therein bearing pieces e, e, of box or other
wood, with the end of the grain perpendicular, as shown in Fig. 2, and
fix the same therein by means of pins, as at f, f.
Figs. 3 and 4 show the application of our Invention to drawing
frames, and Fig. 5 illustrates the application thereof to mules.
In Figs. 3 and 5 the wooden bearing pieces are shown as inserted in
sockets in the same manner as described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2,

page_text: whilst in Fig. 4 the saddle is cast with a transverse dovetail groove g, I›
and the wooden bearing pieces are slidden in sideways.
We would here observe that although in the annexed Drawings we
have only represented our Invention for the sake of illustration as
applied to saddles and hangers, yet it will be evident that the use of
the wooden bearing pieces placed in sockets or dovetails cast in the
metal is equally applicable to the top and bottom bearings of the
shafting and rollers, and also for the bearings of the beaters used in
"scutchers" or "lap machines," and for the bearings of other revolving
shafts employed in machinery for preparing and spinning cotton and
other, fibrous substances.
Having now described the nature and object of our said Invention,
together with the manner in which the same is to be or may be per-
formed or carried into practical effect, we wish it to be distinctly under-
stood that we claim as our Invention the use or employment of bearing
pieces of box or other wood inserted in sockets, or dovetailed or other
recesses, with the end of the grain towards the bearing surface sub-
stantially as herein-before described and illustrated by the Drawings
annexed.
In witness whereof, we, the said Oldham Whittaker, Handel
Wallwork and Isaiah Wallwork, have hereunto set our hands
and seals, this Thirteenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.