Improvements in or relating to Shuttles and Bobbins for Weaving Woollen and other Fabrics.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Dec., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 20th Aug., 1894-Accepted, 29th Sept., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Shuttles and Bobbins for Weaving
Woollen and other Fabrics.
We, JOSEPH GAUNT, of Silver Royd Mills, Wortley, near Leeds, in the County
of York, Woollen Manufacturer, and JAMES WEBSTER, of 10 Old Fold, Silver
Royd, Armley, near Leeds aforesaid, Mungo Dealer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to improvements in shuttles and bobbins for weaving
woollen and other fabrics. Its object is, first, to construct a metallic shuttle bobbin
of about the same size as those usually made, but capable of receiving a larger
quantity of yarn or weft thread, thereby reducing the number of bobbins employed,
also the time in the "stripping" or "doffing" of the mules, and the "shuttling" in
weaving, as well as the waste of material during the spinning, winding, and weaving
operations; and, second, to provide means for readily fixing the bobbins ou and
removing them from the tongue or spindle of the shuttle..
According to our invention the bobbin consists of a hollow tube, hereafter termed
the barrel, with an enlarged tapering, or partly straight and partly tapering end,
hereafter termed the base. The bobbin is preferably made of any suitable thin
metal plate or sheet as for instance tin, approximately of the same shape as the
bobbins now in use. The base is fitted with an end piece or disc which may, or
may not, project beyond the periphery of the base to form a flange for purposes to
be hereafter described. The disc is perforated with any desired number of holes or
apertures in addition to the one through which the shuttle spindle passes. The
holes or apertures, which may be of any desired shape are arranged around the
central shuttle spindle hole (also of any desired shape) and the said holes or
apertures are arranged to communicate with corresponding holes or apertures in the
base, or to pass through it, in order that an adjustable pin carried by the shuttle
may enter and pass through them for giving warning by the ringing of a bell, or it
may so be arranged that when say the last two or three layers of weft are left upon
the bobbin the adjustable, pin will by the unwinding of the weft, be allowed to be
pushed forwards by a spring; in so doing it will come in contact with a lever
connected with a bell, or with the ordinary and well known mechanism for stopping
the loom whenever the weft thread is about to run of the bobbin. The herein
described holes or apertures may also be employed for driving the bobbin when on
the spindle of the spinning mule or machine as well as for holding the bobbin in the
shuttle by a suitable catch or hooks, or when the disc is made to project beyond
the periphery of the base it may pass into a U or other suitably shaped retaining
device armed with hooks. The retaining device is fixed within the shuttle for
holding the bobbin therein; or the bobbin may be held in position in the shuttle
by the said projecting flange engaging with any desired number of wires or gratings
fixed within the shuttle near its bottom. The indicating or stopping device as
described may be applied to warping bobbins.
The barrel is provided with a central hole to fit onto the spindle, and its
periphery may be made to taper, or slope, or inclined from end to end, or stepped,
or corrugated, undulated, or plain, or two or more of these combined. The outer

page_text: small end of the barrel may (or may not) be strengthened by any suitable means,
such as for instance, by attaching a metal seamless or split hoop or ferrule thereto,
or by turning the metal portion of the barrel over to form two or more thicknesses
and fixing them down by any convenient means; or by rolling the metal thicker at
the small outer end, or by two or more of these combined.
The tongue or spindle of the shuttle, which receives the bobbin, may be mounted
upon a più as usual, and may be retained in a closed position by a spring as is
ordinarily done. But the usual spring for retaining the bobbin on the shuttle
tongue is preferably dispensed with. The shuttle tongue according to our
invention is provided with a spear or other suitably shaped head to form a single
or double catch or one or more steps or shoulders, or grooves arranged all round
or formed in the spindle. The spear or other shaped head is of such a size or
diameter to permit of it passing through the hole in the centre of the barrel.
When the bobbin has been placed on the shuttle tongue it may be retained in
position by an india-rubber or other disc or diaphragm mounted in or edged with a
metallic casing, such as for instance, brass. In the centre of the disc is a hole
through which the spear or other shaped head of the shuttle tongue passes, and
the catches, or steps, or grooves, or other projections formed by the said head, or
in or on the said tongue prevents the disc from working off it. The disc may be
of any suitable diameter against the small end of the bobbin impinges and forms a
guide for the thread as it passes from the bobbin to the eye of the shuttle.
The name, initials, or other private mark of the person or firm using the herein
described bobbins may, if required, be impressed or otherwise marked thereon.
By the means described the friction on the bobbin whilst at work is reduced to a
minimum, and should a bobbin become bulged or damaged it can easily be
straightened by inserting or driving a straightening bar or rod through it.
Dated the Twenty-seventh day of December 1893.
JOSEPH GAUNT.
JAMES WEBSTER.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Shuttles and Bobbins for Weaving
Woollen and other Fabrics.
We JOSEPH GAUNT of Silver Royd Mills, Wortley, near Leeds, in the County
of York, Woollen Manufacturer, and JAMES WEBSTER, of 10 Old Fold, Silver
Royd, Armley, near Leeds, aforesaid, Mungo Dealer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This invention bas reference to improvements in shuttles and shuttle bobbins for
weaving woollen and other fabrics.
Its object is first, to construct a metallic shuttle bobbin of about the same size
as those usually made, but capable of receiving a larger quantity of yarn or weft
thread, thereby reducing the number of bobbins employed, also the time in the
"stripping" or "dotting of the mules and the shuttling" in weaving, as well as
the waste of material during the spinning, winding, and weaving operations; and
second, to provide means for readily fixing the bobbins on and removing them from
the tongue or spindle of the shuttle.
Figs. 1 to 4 are elevations of shuttles constructed according to this invention.
Figs. 5 to 7 are eud elevations of the same.
Figs. 8 to 11 are part sectional elevations, showing means or appliances for
retaining the bobbin within the shuttle.
Figs. 12 to 15 are sectional elevations of means or appliances for holding and
retaining the bobbin within the shuttle.

page_text: Figs. 16 and 17 are part longitudinal and transverse elevations of a shuttle with
means or appliances for intimating when the weft thread is about to run off the
bobbin.
Like parts in all the views are marked with similar letters of reference.
According to this invention the bobbin consists of a hollow tube hereafter termed
the barrel A with an enlarged tapering, circular-that is half spherical, or partly
straight and tapering end, hereafter termed the base B. The bobbin is preferably
made, wholly of any suitable light thin metal plate or sheet, such as for instance
tin, approximately of the same shape, as the bobbins now in use; or the barrel A
may be made, say, of metal and the base B of wood, papier-mache, or the like, or
vice versa.
The barrel A is provided with a central hole a of such a size as to easily fit onto
the spindle C and its periphery may be made to taper or slope, or to incline from
the base to the tip gradually, or to taper at one or more angles of inclination.
The periphery may also be either plain, or stepped or corrugated, or undulated, or
two or more of them combined. At Figs. 1 to 4 several illustrations are given of
some of the methods that may be employed for preventing the yarn or thread from
slipping off the bobbin, but we distinctly wish it to be understood that these are
only and simply given as examples, and further that other combinations may be
employed for obtaining the same end. At Fig. 1. it will be noticed the barrel A
is made to taper from the base to the tip at one angle of inclination and having a
ring or projection a' at equal distances apart leaving a plain portion of the
periphery between each ring or projection a². Whilst Fig. 2 shows the barrel A
made to taper at one angle of inclination from its base to its tip and having its
periphery a corrugated or undulated its full length. Fig. 3 shows the barrel A
corrugated as well tapering at two different angles of inclinations for a portion of
its length, that is to say, from the base B it is corrugated and tapered to ³ when
it commences to diminish in diameter until it reaches the plain portion at, which
also diminishes in diameter to the tip. Fig. 4. shows, say, a worsted bobbin with a
barrel A partly corrugated and partly plain, and made to taper at one angle of
inclination. It is also provided with a circular or half spherical base B. but
without an end disc b.
The onter small end a of the barrel A may (or may not) be strengthened by
any suitable means, such as for instance, by attaching by any suitable means such
as soldering a metal seamless, or split hoop, or a ferrule thereto, or by turning the
metal portion of the barrel over to form two or more thicknesses and fixing them
down by any convenient means, such as by soldering, or by rolling the metal thicker
at the small outer end, or by two or more of these combined. We would have it
understood that the tips of ordinary wooden bobbins may have a strengthening
ferrule let into or applied to their peripheries so as to be level therewith.
The base B may, or may not, be fitted with an end piece or disc b which may, or
may not, project beyond the periphery of the base to form a flange for the
purposes to be hereafter described. The disc is perforated with any desired
number of holes or apertures of any desired shape in the drawings rectangular
holes are shown in addition to the one through which the shuttle spindle C passes.
The holes or apertures, are arranged around the central shuttle spindle hole a (also
of any desired shape) and the said holes or apertures b² are arranged to communicate
with corresponding holes or apertures 63 in the base, or to pass through it, in order
that an adjustable pin D to be hereafter described, may enter and pass through
them for giving warning or for actuating ordinary and well known mechanism for
stopping the loom whenever the weft or thread is about to run off the bobbin. The
herein described holes or apertures 2, may also be employed for driving the bobbin
when on the spindle of the spinning mule or machine, as well as for holding the
bobbin in the shuttle by a suitable catch, or hooks when the flange b' of disc b is
made to project beyond the periphery of the base.
The holes or apertures may be punched entirely out of the base B or disc b

page_text: as at Fig.
or the parts bx round a portion of the holes may be cut through the
base or disc, or both, and the piece turned inwards as shown at Fig. 4. or the
portions may only be partially cut through and beut inwards as at Figs. 4^
and 7*.
In some cases when it is required that the base B should have a long tapering
base the bobbing may either be formed with such a base as shown in dotted lines
at B Fig. 3. or a casing so shaped may be placed temporarily on the bobbin.
The tongue or spindle C of the shuttle E (which is made of wood and of
ordinary construction) which receives the bobbin, may be mounted upon a pin c as
usual, and may be retained in a closed position by a spring e¹ as is ordinarily done.
But the usual spring for retaining the bobbin on the shuttle tongue is preferably
dispensed with. The shuttle tongue may be provided with a spear or other suitably
shaped head c² see Fig. 3, to form a single or double catch, or one or more steps
or shoulders, or grooves arranged all round or formed on the tongue.
The spear or other shaped head c² is of such a size or diameter to permit of it
passing through the hole a in the centre of the barrel A. When the bobbin has
been placed on the shuttle tongue it may be retained in position by an india rubber
or other disc or diaphragm F, Fig. 3, mounted in or edged with a metallic
casing F such as for instance brass. In the centre of the disc F is a hole through
which the spear or other shaped head of the shuttle tongue passes, and the
catches, or steps, or grooves, or other projections formed by the said head, or
on the said tongue prevents the disc from working off it. The disc F may be
of any suitable diameter against which the small and strengthened end of the
bobbin impinges and forms a guide for the thread as it passes from the bobbin to
the eye of the shuttle.
:
But in some cases the spear or other head c² and disc F may be dispensed with
and the bobbin retained in the shuttle by any of the following means, namely, the
flange of the base of the bobbin may be arranged to pass into a U or other
shaped retaining device G which is fixed by screws within the shuttle as shown at
Figs. 9 to 11, and 13 to 15. In these views the U shaped retaining device G may
be arranged in various ways as for instance, as at Figs. 10 and 13 with a flange g
passing about a third (more or less) of the distance round the periphery of the
base of the bobbin (when within the shuttle) and each end of the flange g is
provided with a hook g'; or the flange g may be dispensed with and three or more
books used in place thereof as shown at Figs. 11 and 15, or the retaining piece
may be a straight piece of metal, U shaped in cross section between which the
flange is passed and is retained therein by the outer portion g² as shown at
Figs. 9 and 14; or the same object may be attained by passing the flange L
between two or more pieces of wire or grating G fixed within and across the
shuttle at a convenient distance from its bottom edge either on the same plane or
above it but parallel with each other as shown at Figs. 8. 12. 16 and 17. In all
cases when the bobbin is within the shuttle, in a working position, it is prevented
from being drawn off the spindle C by means of the flange and portions g,
org or g² or wires G¹ or two or more of them combined. But when it is desired
to remove the bobbin from the spindle C the latter is turned upwards on its
pivot c in which case the flange on slightly pressing the bobbin backwards on
the spindle, will clear the retaining device.
We wish it to be distinctly understood that the spear or other headed spindle C
is particularly applicable for bobbins having bases B without flanges but if
desired it may also be employed with the above described U or other shaped
retaining device.
The mechanism for indicating or giving warning whenever the weft thread is
about to run off the bobbin is shown at Figs. 16 and 17. In these views D is the
pin which passes through the holes and 63 respectively in the base B and disc b
of the bobbin. The pin is provided with a bifurcated end d for engaging with the
weft thread and armed at the opposite end with a book H for receiving an india

page_text: rubber band or other spring I for keeping the end d of the pin at its work. The
pin D is carried in the adjustable bearings J. J. which may be screwed into the
sleeve or boss K which fits on to the end of the spindle C. as shown at Fig. 16.
The sleeve K is provided with a heel L, and a projection M to form a recess into
which is passed the end of a rod or lever connected by levers, rods, or their
When the rear end of the
equivalents, with a belt or belt shipping mechanism.
pin D is in the position shown at Fig. 16, it acts as a stop for holding the end of
the lever or rod N within the recess but as soon as pin D is caused by the india
rubber band I to travels forwards clear of the projection M, the end of the rod N
may be arranged, by means of a spring or its equivalent to escape from the recess
and to rise above the top of the shuttle for actuating the levers, rods, or their
equivalents for sounding a bell or operating the belt shipping mechanism.
The indicating or stopping mechanism may also be applied to warping bobbins.
The name, initials, or other private mark of the person or firm using the herein.
described hobbins may if required be impressed or otherwise marked thereon.
By the means described the friction on the bobbin whilst at work is reduced to
a minimum and should a bobbin by any means become bulged or damaged it can
casily be straightened by inserting or driving a straightening bar or rud
through it.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A shuttle bobbin for weaving purposes substantially such as herein described
having at its base armed with, or without, a projecting flange and perforated as
described, its barrel portion made to taper at the same or different angles of
inclination and either plain, corrugated, undulated, or stepped or combinations of
one or more of them, and provided with a strengthened tip all as herein described
and illustrated.
2. A shuttle bobbin for weaving purposes provided with a strengthened tip
substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
3. The combination in a shuttle bobbin for weaving purposes of a perforated
base, such as B with or without a projecting flange such as a corrugated,
undulated, stepped, or plain barrel such as A, tapering gradually from the base to.
the tip or at different angles of inclination and a strengthened tip such as a as and
for the purposes described.
4. A shuttle for weaving purposes armed with a plain or spear headed tongue
pivoted within the shuttle for receiving the bobbin, said shuttle having fixed within
it U or other shaped retaining device armed with projections for engaging with a
projecting Hange on the base of the bobbin substantially as herein described and
illustrated.
5. The combination in a shuttle for weaving purposes of a tongue or spindle
such as C with U or other shaped retaining device such as G and a shuttle bobbin
armed with a projecting flange on its base as and for the purposes herein set forth.
6. The combination in a shuttle for weaving purposes of a tongue C pivoted
within the shuttle for receiving the bobbin with a grating or wires Garranged
and fixed within the shuttle at a convenient distance from its bottom edge, as and
for the purposes herein set forth.
7. The combination in a shuttle for weaving purposes of a tongue C. provided
with a spear head and pivoted within the shuttle for receiving the bobbin, said
tongue being armed with an india rubber diaphragm F edged with metal for
retaining the bobbin on the tongue as and for the purposes set forth.
8. The combination of a shuttle for weaving purposes of the means for
indicating when the weft thread is about to run off the bobbin substantially as
herein described and illustrated with reference to Figs. 16 and 17 of the
drawings.
9. The arrangement and combination of the various parts forming the

page_text: improvements in or relating to shuttles and shuttle bobbins for weaving purposes
as herein described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated the Eighteenth day of August 1894.
JOSEPH GAUNT,
JAMES WEBSTER,
By W. Fairburn-Hart,
Agent.