A METHOD OP ENGRAVING AND ETCHING ON CYLINDRICAL SURFACES, FOR PRINTING AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1834

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HooTON
DEVERILL, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Gentleman, send.
greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King William the
Fourth, by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain,' bearing
date at Westminster, the Thirty-first day of March, in the fourth year of His
reign, did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Hooton Deverill, His special licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said Hooton Deverill, my exors, adiñiors, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Hooton Deverill, my executors, adñors, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England and Wales and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "A METHOD OP ENGRAVING AND
ETCHING ON CYLINDRICAL SURFACES, FOR PRINTING AND OTHER PURPOSES;" in which
said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said Hooton Deverill,
shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His said
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Hooton Deverill, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention of a Method of

page_text: Engraving, Cutting, or Etching on Cylindrical Surfaces, for Printing and other
Purposes, to consist in the construction and arrangement of certain apparatus
or machinery, by which a design or figure may be transferred from a plain
surface on which it is delineated to the cylindrical surface of a printing or
other cylinder; and the manner in which the same is to be performed or
carried into effect will be more clearly seen by reference to the annexed
Drawing, in all which plans, elevations, and sections of machinery, figures and
letters of reference are used; the same figures and letters of reference denoting
similar parts throughout the whole of the Drawing.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 represents a front elevation of one end of a machine; Figure 2, a
transverse section of the same; and Figure 3, a plan of the whole machine.
In this last Figure 3, A, A, A, represents an arrangement of levers known
by the name of a pentagraph, which possesses the property of transferring
or recording any outline or design traced by the pointer at A on a reduced
scale at the point A; and the proportion between the figure traced by the
point A and figure recorded at the point A will depend on the proportion
which the distance from the point A to A¹ bears to the distance from the
point A to A, which last distance is equal to the distance between the
points A and A3, and between the points A and A. The distance between
the point A and A', and between A' and A, are also equal; therefore, the
proportion which the distance A to A', or the distance A', A, bears to any of
the distances A, A-A, A, or A', A', are the same, and determine the pro-
portion which the figure recorded at the point A bears to the original figure
traced by the point A. The action of this pentagraph will be better under-
stood by supposing the point A to be moved to the position shewn in dotted
lines at B (always bearing in mind that the point A is a stationary point
fixed to the table. on which the pentagraph moves as a fulcrum), it will
inove the point A to the point B, which, in this arrangement of the penta-
graph, is one sixth of the distance from A to B. In like manner, supposing
the point A to be moved to the position shewn at C, the point A³ will be
moved to the point C³, or one sixth, in a parallel direction, and every inter-
mediate movement of the point A will produce a similar result. The point A*
of the pentagraph, which thus records the design in the manner already
described, is attached to a cross slide piece marked a, a, the form of, which is
seen in Figure 1 and 2. This slide carries a chain, which is passed round
and attached to the pulley D, so that any end motion of the cross slide in, tho
direction from a to a', see Figure 3, or the reverse, is imparted to the surface

page_text: of the pulley D in the exact amount which the cross slide itself received.
Instead of this chain and pulley D, a toothed wheel and rack may be used.
This cross slide a, a', is supported at the end of a carriage or frame d, d, d, d,
see Figure 3, which moves freely on friction wheel shewn at E, E, E, E, in the
same Figure, so that when the motion of the point A is at right angles to the
direction from a to a', the carriage d, d, d, d, is carried along with it, and the
rectilinear movement of this carriage is secured by the guide pullies e, e, c, c,
see Figure 3. The cylinder to be engraved in the machine is represented at
F, F, where it is firmly fixed on the mandrill f, f, which is supported on
small friction pullies 7, 7, fixed at each extremity of the carriage, and further
connected with the carriage d, d, by a projection fixed to the latter, and fitting
into a groove in the mandril at M, by which connection the carriage, in moving
endwise, carries the mandril and cylinder with it, while, at the same time, the
mandril and cylinder is free to revolve by the motion of the cross slide
piece a, a, acting on the mandril by means of the chain and pulley D.: The
slide picce a, a', being connected with the pentagraph at the point A³, it will
be seen, from the foregoing arrangement, that while the end motion of the
point A of the pentagraph is communicated by the carriage to the cylinder F, F,
so any deviation in the same plane from this rectileaner notion in the point A³
will be communicated by the cross slide piece and chain to the pulley D, and
that if the diameter of the pitch line of the chain or wheel be made to corre-
spond accurately with the diameter of the cylinder, the rotary motion of the
surface of the cylinder will correspond accurately with the motion of the slide
piece. Thus, by the combination of these two movements, namely, the rec-
tilinear motion the movement of the carriage and the deviations from it by
the rotation of the cylinder, it is evident that a pattern traced by the point of the
pentagraph at A may be cut, engraved, or etched by a point-cutting tool or drill
upon the cylinder if the point of such tool is allowed to impinge upon the surface
of the cylinder, while the latter is in motion, by the action of the pentagraph
connected as described. The mandril and cylinder may also be supported in
two head stocks, so arranged as to allow an end traverse in addition to its
rotary motion, as is the case in the sliding mandril of the common lathe;
and, by attaching the pentagraph thereto by the cross slide piece and chain
and pulley D, any design may be transferred, as already described, to a surface
of wood, ivory, or other material, and, by drills or other cutting instruments,
may thereby be ornamented or engraved. In using this machine for etching,
I use points as represented at h, h, h, h, which are equally weighted and
arranged in distance and number as the pattern may require, the whole being
held stationary by the small arms proceeding from bar H, H, as seen at

page_text: Figure 2, which is supported on the center I', and held stationary by the
stop h. But at any period when it may be required to remove the points
from the surface of the cylinder F, F, the whole or cach can be lifted by
depressing the treadle I, the arrangement of which is shewn at Figure 2..
Referring again to Figure 3, K, K, represents a similar bar to H, H; but
fast to the framing on this bar are placed a succession of small slides or carriages
provided with drills k, k, k, k, k, for the purpose of cutting out the metal or
other material when the machine is used for engraving. These drills are
driven by bands from the drum L beneath, which receives motion from a strap
or otherwise; and the equal pressure of the drills is effected by the small
levers attached to the drills, as seen in the Plan, which are adjusted to their
proper depth of cut by being pressed against the stop screws beneath by a
weight or spring, as may be found most convenient. It may here be observed,
that all the different parts of this machine are drawn more open or wider
apart, in order to show them more clearly, which in practice are made inore
compact, particularly the drills, which should be as short as possible, to render
them firm and without spring. In setting out and commencing a pattern on a
cylinder to be etched or engraved by this machine, it is necessary to calculate
and determine how many times the pattern will repeat in the circumference of
the cylinder and, as soon as the pattern is once recorded or traced by the
number of drills or points used for the length of the cylinder, the points must
be removed, and the chain and pulley I disconnected from the mandril by
unscrewing the nut X, as seen in Plan, Figure 3. The cylinder F being then
free, it is revolved a certain amount, according to the number of repeats it is in-
tended to place on its circumference, which is determined by a divided face plate
with which tho mandril is provided at O, Figure 3, the pointer p, shewing the
division, and holding it stationary, while the chain and pulley D are again
re-attached to the mandril by screwing up the nut X, and the design or pattern
is recommenced on a fresh part of the cylinder). The size of the pattern to
be placed on the cylinder may also be adjusted by fixing the different points
of the pentagraph at other distances in the slots of the levers provided for that
purpose, so that from the same drawing or original design various sizes or
dimensions of the pattern may be recorded on the cylinder. But this and
other minor arrangements are well known to cylinder engravers and persons
conversant with the subject. And, although I have only represented five
tracing points and five drills in the Drawing, it is obvious that these points
may be increased to any convenient amount, and, by being placed at regular
intervals round the circumference of the cylinder, the pattern may be recorded
or traced at a greater number of points at the same time.

page_text: Having now described the nature and the manner in which my method of
engraving and cutting patterns and etching on cylindrical surfaces for printing
and other purposes is to be performed and carried into effect, I do hereby
declare that I do not claim any separate or well-known part of the machine or
apparatus herein-before described. But I do claim the combination thereof,
as herein-before set forth and described; and, in particular, I do claim the
application of a pentagraph, of this or any other construction, to transmit the
motion of the tracing point in its passage over a design or pattern drawn on a
plain surface to any cylindrical surface, whereby the design or pattern may be
transferred to such cylinders by the stationary action of a point impinging
thercon.
And this my Invention being, to the best of my knowledge and belief, new
and never before practised, I hereby deliver this as my true and faithful
Specification of the same.
In witness whereof, I, the said Hooton Deverill, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of September, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-four.
HOOTON (L.S.) DEVERILL.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-third day of September,
in the year of our Lord 1834, the aforesaid Hooton Deverill came before
our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid wast stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twenty-seventh day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and thirty-four.