IMPROVEMENTS IN HATS OR COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD, AND IN THE CONSTRUCTION OR MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Edwin Ward, of Bredbury, in the County
of Chester, Hat Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN HATS OR COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD, AND IN THE CONSTRUCTION OR
MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME."
Sealed the 2nd October 1869, and dated the 19th April 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Edwin Ward
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 19th April 1869.
I, JOSEPH EDWIN WARD, of Bredbury, in the County of Chester, Hat
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HATS OR COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD, AND IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OR MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME," to be as follows:-
-
My Invention consists in making hats with a sufficiently stiff but
elastic "leather" or lining, so secured to the body or shell of the hat
that there will be a space all round between the "leather" or lining,
and the body or shell of the hat equal in depth at least to that of the
Price l

page_text: ordinary leather" or lining, this "leather" or lining not being attached
to the body of the hat at the brim in the ordinary manner, but secured
or suspended from a point within the body of the hat, the lower edge
being loose and not fast as in the ordinary hat. This "leather" or lining
is cut to overlap, and the overlapping ends are connected by "elastic,"
so that the lining can adapt itself to the shape of the head. The upper
bend or part of the "leather" or lining is perforated with holes all
rouud, so that there is a free circulation of air between the "leather" or
lining and the body or shell of the hat.
My improved hat may be constructed by securing what may be termed
a second smaller hat without crown to the brim and body of the hat,
the cylindrical or body part of the inner hat being turned down to form
the lining or leather," or the body part of a smaller hat may be
cemented to the crown and sides of the hat, the lower part of this
forming the lining or "leather," which is to fit the head, or the "leathers"
may be shaped to the required form, and cemented or otherwise secured
at its upper edge to the body or shell of the hat. The inner hat lining
or "leather" may be formed of "leather," felt, or other suitable
material.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joseph Edwin Ward in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 18th October 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
EDWIN WARD, of Bredbury, in the County of Chester, Hat Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Joseph Edwin Ward, Her
special license that I, the said Joseph Edwin Ward, my executors,
alministrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Joseph

page_text: forming the lining or "leather" which is to fit the head, or "leathers”
may be shaped to the required form, and cemented or otherwise secured
at their upper edge to the body or shell of the hat. The inner hat
lining or leather" be formed of "leather," "felt," or other
suitable material.
may
forming the lining or "leather
which is to fit the head, or "leathers"
may be shaped to the required form, and cemented or otherwise secured
at their upper edge to the body or shell of the hat. The inner hat
lining or "leather "
may be formed of "leather," "felt," or other
suitable material.
Fig. 1 is a section of one of my improved hats formed by securing
what may be termed a second hat without crown to the brim and body
of the hat.
a is the hat; b, the part secured within it; c is a space left all
round the hat so that air may pass up for ventilation; d, are perforations
through which the air passes into the hat; and d is the ordinary
ventilator at the crown; e is the "leather" stitched to the edge of the
part b, as in the ordinary hat.
Fig. 2 is a section of another hat in which a cylindrical piece (b) is
secured to the inside of the hat (a), either as shown in full line or in
dotted line, c being the space all round for ventilation; d, perforations
for air; and e, the ordinary "leather."
Fig. 3 is a section and Fig. 4 a view looking at the inside of a hat, so
arranged that it can be made to fit different sizes of heads. a is the
hat; b, a part formed in two pieces which are connected by being secured
by stitches or otherwise to pieces (6¹) of stout elastic. To the part (6)
other pieces (63) of stout elastic are also secured by stitches or otherwise,
and these pieces of elastic are secured to a narrow belt of felt or other
suitable material (63) which is cemented to the body part of the hat.
The leather (e) is also formed in two parts and is stitched at the
brim edge to. the part (b). One end of each piece of leather is cut
to pass, through a slit in the other end of each leather so as to over-
lap, and the ends of the two halves of the part 6 have eyelet holes
in them, so that they may be drawn together to any required extent to
fit the head by elastic cord or elastic and buckles or other suitable
fasteners.
I have now particularly described the nature of my Invention, and the
manner of carrying the same into effect, and I wish it to be under-
stood that I do not confine myself to the shape in which the material
of which the hats may be formed; but claim as my Invention, the

page_text: improved hats and mode of constructing the same, substantially as
herein-before described and illustrated by the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Edwin Ward, have hore-
unto set my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of October, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
nine.
JOSEPH E. WARD. (L.S.)