Improvements in Regenerative Gas Lamps and Glasses therefor.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd May, 1890
Complete Specification Left 13th Jan., 1891-Accepted, 14th Feb., 1591
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Regenerative Gas Lamps and Glasses therefor.
I GEORGE BOWER of St. Neots in the County of Huntingdon Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the class of regenerative gas lamps wherein the flame is
of a bulbous or spreading character.
My invention may be used either with a gas burner presented downwards or with
one presented upwards. I will first describe an arrangement of the lamp with a
burner presented downwards. The burner may consist of a metal portion having
at its lower end a flange and inside a screwed collar and a steatite burner proper is
screwed at its upper part into the space between the flange and collar and firmly
fixed therein by cement or otherwise so that it is less liable to split than is the case
with steatite burners as usually made. The said burner proper is hollow to receive
the gas; it is closed at bottom and has orifices or a slit around it for the outlet of
the gas to be burnt. Or the burner may consist of a chamber secured to the
lower end of the gas pipe and preferably of an elliptical or acorn shape and having
at its lower end an opening through which projects a central cone with a space
between itself and the said opening through which space the gas to be burnt issues.
The said elliptical or acorn shaped chamber is preferably made in halves or parts
secured together by screwing or otherwise and in the interior of the said chamber
I prefer to form or place a perforated or reticulated plate which may support the
aforesaid cone and aid in the diffusion of the gas as it passes into the lower part of
the said chamber the inwardly curving walls of the said chamber causing the gas to
issue in a thin sheet so as to insure a continuous sheet of flame when ignited.
Immediately above the burner is fixed the regenerator which is preferably cast in
one piece and consists of top and bottom plates connected by short tubes or
passages for the passage of the products of combustion the air entering between
and being heated by the outer surfaces of these tubes or passages and thence passing
into a central chamber terminating in a nozzle or short tube formed with, or
removeably secured to the regenerator and having inwardly curved sides by which
the hot air is directed from the said nozzle or tube on to the upper side of the
flame. There are preferably wire gauze or perforated sheets around the outside of
the regenerator preferably one sheet or piece wrapped closely around the outside
of the series of tubes and the other situated a short distance therefrom between the
said regenerator and the outer casing or hood of the lamp. There may be gauze or
perforated plates in the air supply passages from the regenerator to the flame. The
Hame is enclosed in a glass preferably of a basin shape and held in position by a
flange formed on its upper edge which flange rests upon an annular ring jointed to
the regenerator portion of the lamp and held up, or released for lowering by means
of any suitable fastening. The glass has at bottom a central air passage of a bell
shape and turned up into the inside of the glass. This said air passage is provided
with a disc or discs of perforated or reticulated material preferably varying in
mesh or size of perforations for the purpose of heating the air which is supplied
to the under side of the flame. This disc or these discs can be secured in position
by a central rod and nuts or it or they may be formed in one piece of glass or other
material. For the purpose of protecting the eyes from the light 1 suspend or
support outside the glass preferably by rods attached to the frame of the glass
holder a transparent or semi transparent reflector which is below the flame and
throws light upon the ceiling and prevents dark shadows above and at the same
time gives a soft or diffused light below. When the gas burner is presented
upwards the gas pipe is led down and then turned up into the aforesaid central'

page_text: inwardly turned part of the glass the gas pipe being jointed at the hinge upon
which the glass and its support turn and there constituting a cock for cutting off.
and again establishing the gas supply as the glass and its adjuncts are turned down-
wards and upwards. The hinge will preferably be arranged so as not to wholly ent
off the supply of gas. The other parts may be like those hereinbefore described.
A simple form of the lamp consists of a burner such as I have hereinbefore described
inserted into or formed with a plate or flange upon which the glass rests the said
plate or flange being perforated for the admission of air to the underside of the
Hame. I use a sheet metal or cast regenerator provided with a hood and chimney
and with short tubes through which the products of combustion pass, the air
entering between these tubes and passing into a central chamber covered with gauze
perforated metal and passing therethrough on to the upper side of the flame.
The upper or regenerator parts of the lamp may simply rest upon the edge of
the glass.
Dated this 2nd day of May 1800.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Regenerative Gas Lamps and Glasses therefor.
I, GEORGE BOWER, of St. Neots, in the County of Huntingdon, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My invention relates to the class of regenerative gas lamps wherein the flame is
of a bulbous or spreading character.
My invention may be used either with a gas burner presented downwards or with
one presented upwards. I will first describe an arrangement of the lamp with a
burner presented downwards. The burner may consist of a metal portion having at
its lower end a flange and inside a screwed collar and a steatite burner proper is
screwed at its upper part into the space between the flange & collar and firmly
fixed therein by cement or otherwise so that it is less liable to split than is the ense
with steatite burners as usually made. The said burner proper is hollow to receive
the gas, it is closed at bottom and has orifices or a slit around it for the outlet of
the gas to be burnt. Or the burner may consist of a chamber secured to the lower
end of the gas pipe and preferably of an elliptical or acorn shape and having at its
lower end an opening through which projects a central cone with a space between
itself and the said opening through which space the gas to be burnt issues. The
said elliptical or acorn shaped chamber is preferably made in halves or parts
secured together by screwing or otherwise and in the interior of the said chainber
I prefer to form or place a perforated or reticulated plate which may support the
aforesaid cone and aid in the diffusion of the gas as it passes into the lower part of
the said chamber the inwardly curving walls of the said chamber causing the gas to
issue in a thin sheet so as to ensure a continuous sheet of flame when the gas is
ignited.
Immediately above the burner is fixed the regenerator which is preferably cast
in one piece and consists of top and bottom plates connected by short tubes or
passages for the passago of the said products of combustion the air entering between
and being heated by the outer surfaces of these tubes or passages and thence passing
into a central chamber terminating in a nozzle or short tube formed with or
removably secured to the regenerator and having inwardly curved sides by which
the hot air is directed from the said nozzle or tube on to the upper side of the
flame. These are preferably wire gauze or perforated sheets around the outside of
the regenerator preferably one sheet or piece wrapped closely around the outside
of the series of tubes and the other situated a short distance therefrom between

page_text: the said regenerator and the outer casing or hood of the lamp. There may be
gauze or perforated plates in the air supply passages from the regenerator to the
Hame.
The flame is enclosed in a glass preferably of a basin shape and held in position
by a flange formed on its upper edge which flange rests upon an annular ring
jointed to the regenerator portion of the lamp & held up or released for lowering
by means of any suitable fastening. The glass has at bottom a central air passage
of a bell shape and turned up into the inside of the glass. This said air passage is
provided with a disc or discs of perforated or reticulated material preferably when
two or more discs are used varying in mesh or size of perforations for the purpose
of heating the air which is supplied to the underside of the flame, those of coarser
mesh being lowermost. This disc or these discs can be secured in position by a
central rod and nuts or it or they may be formed in one piece of glass or other
material and if of glass may be formed in one with the glass of the lamp.
For the purpose of protecting the eyes from the light I suspend or support
outside the glass preferably by rods attached to the frame of the glass holder a
transparent or semi-transparent reflector which is below the flame and throws
light upon the ceiling and prevents dark shadows above and at the same time
gives a soft or diffused light below. When the gas burner is presented upwards
the gas pipe is led down and then turned up into the aforesaid central inwardly
turned part of the glass, the gas pipe being jointed at the hinge upon which the
glass and its support turn and there constituting a cock for cutting off or partly
cutting off and again establishing the gas supply as the glass and its adjuncts are
turned downwards and upwards respectively.
The hinge will preferably be arranged so as not to wholly cut off the supply of
gas. The other parts may be like those herein before describied. A simple form of
the lamp consists of a burner such as I have hereinbefore described inserted into or
formed with a plate or flange upon which the glass rests the said plate or flange
being perforated for the admission of air to the underside of the flame.
I use a
sheet metal or cast regenerator provided with a hood and chimney and with short
tubes through which the products of combustion pass, the air entering between
these tubes and passing into a central chamber covered with gauze or perforated
metal and passing therethrough onto the upper side of the flame.
The upper or regenerator parts of the lamp may simply rest upon the edge of the
glass.
I will describe with reference to the accompanying drawings (wherein like letters
of reference indicating corresponding parts in all the figures) arrangements or con-
structions of lamps according to my invention.
Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 represent vertical sections of lamps constructed according
to my invention and having their burners presented downwards.
Figure 5 is a transverse section through the regenerator portion of Figure 1.
The other figures illustrate lamps with their burners presented upward as herein-
after described.
Referring to Figure 1 the burner consists of a metal portion or stem B having at
its lower end a conical shaped flange or ferrule B' and inside a screwed collar or
nipple B.
The steatite burner proper 13 has a screwed hole in its upper part by which it is
screwed on to the collar or nipple B & so enters the space between the conical
shaped flange B' & collar B & can be firmly fixed therein by cement so that
it is less liable to split than is the case with steatite burners as hitherto made.
The burner proper B is hollow to receive the gas which is conveyed downwards
through the pipe A and stem B. The said burner B is closed at the bottom
& has orifices C or a slit around it for the outlet of the gas to be burnt.
The burner shewn in Figs. 2, 4 and 7 are like the burner shewn in Fig. 1. Or
the burner may be constructed as shewn in Fig. 3 consisting of a chamber E
preferably of a semi elliptical or acorn shape & screwed on to the stem B and
having at its lower end an opening E' through which projects a central cone E*

page_text: so as to leave a space between the said cone and the said opening through which
space the gas to be burnt issues. In the interior of the said chamber EI prefer
to form or place a perforated or reticulated plate E³ (which may support the
cone ) for aiding in the diffusion of the gas as it passes into the chamber E the
inwardly curving walls of the said chamber causing the gas to burn with a thin
sheet of flame when ignited.
Immediately above the burner in both the arrangements Figs. 1 and 3 is fixed
the regenerator R which is preferably cast in one piece as shewn in the said figures.
It consists of a top plate and a bottom plate connected by tubes or passages T
for the passage of the products of combustion from the flame to the chimney Z the
air for supply to the upper side of the flame entering (as at o Figure 5) between
the tubes or passages T & being heated by the outer surfaces thereof passes into
a central chamber terminating in a nozzle N formed with the regenerator R as in
Figures 1, 3 and 7 or removeably secured to the said regenerator as in Figures 2
and and having curved sides leading to a lower central orifice by which cursed
sides the hot air is directed from the nozzle N on to the upper side of the flame.
There are preferably wire gauze or perforated sheets round the outside of the
regenerator R preferably (as in Figure 1) one piece S wrapped closely round the
outside of the series of tubes or passages T and another sheet S placed a short
distance therefrom between the regenerator R & the unter eising II of the lamp.
There may also be gauze or perforated plates X Figures 2 and 4 in the air supply
passages from the regenerator R to the flame. In this case a ring secured to the
burner tube B may be screwed into the nozzle N to keep the said ganze or plate
in position.
The flame from the burner 13, is enclosed in a glass (i, preferably of a basin
shape aml is held in position by a Hange G formed on the upper edge of the glass
which tange rests on an annular ring jointed at K to the regenerator portion of
the lamp and held up or released for lowering by any suitable fastening L. The
glass Ghas at the bottom a central air passage M. of bell shape which is turned
up into the inside of the glass. This air passage is provided with a disc or with
dises D of perforated or reticulated material (preferably varying in mesh or size
of perforation the coarser being lowermost) for the purpose of heating & dis-
tributing the air which is supplied to the underside of the Hame through the said
opening in the glass.
These discs D may be secured in position by any suitable means such as by a
central rod & nuts the upper disc resting on the upper edge of the turned in
part of the glass as shewn or it or they may be in one piece of glass or other
material as hereinbefore mentioned. In the lower part of the regenerator I prefer
to make slits or orifices as at in Figure 1 for the admission of air to keep the
glass cool and clean.
For the purpose of protecting the eyes of the user of the lamp from the light
thereof suspend or support outside the glass G (see Figure 1) preferably by
rods P attached to the annular ring F a transparent or semi transparent reflector Q
below the level of the flame for the purpose of throwing light upon the ceiling
thus preventing the dark shadows above (which have hitherto been common in this
kind of lamp) whilst at the same time it causes a soft and diffused light to be given
below.
A simple form of lamp constructed according to my invention is shown in
Figures and 9 Figure 8 being a vertical section and Figure 9 being a cross
section through the regenerator. The said lamp consists of a burner B, such for
instance as I have hereinbefore described (but presented upwards) inserted into, or
formed with, a flange or plate U, upon which the glass G rests the flange U having
perforations U for the admission of air to the underside of the Haue. The
regenerator R may be of cast or sheet metal having short tubes T through which
the products of combustion pass from the flame to the chimney. The air enters
between these tubes passing through gauze s (or equivalent perforated or reticulated
material) if desired and passes into a central chamber and passing therethrough

page_text: onto the upper side of the flame. The regenerator R is provided with a hood or
chimney to which it is secured by the bolt Z nut or ring 7' and perforated
plate 7. The upper or regenerator part of the lamp may simply rest on the edge
of the glass G. A reflector Q may be supported by rods P from below.
Fig. 7 is a vertical section and Fig. 6 is a section on the line a. a. of a lamp
constructed according to my invention arranged with the gas burner presented
upwards. The gas is led down through the pipes A A' to the burner B, which is
turned upwards into the central inwardly turned part M, of the glass G. The gas
pipe is jointed at the hinge Y, upon which the glass and its support turns & there
constituting a cock for cutting off & again establishing the gas supply as the
glass G, and its adjuncts are turned downwards and upwards respectively. The
hinge is preferably arranged so as not to wholly cut off the gas supply, a² is a
support attached at one end to the burner tube and at the other end to the ring
which supports the glass.
The other parts of the lamps may be like those hereinbefore described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is
1. A burner for regenerative gas lamps constructed as hereinbefore described and
shewn in Figures 1, 2 and 4 of the accompanying drawings.
2. A burner for regenerative gas lamps constructed as hereinbefore described and
shewn in Figure 3 of the accompanying drawings.
3. The combination of burner, regenerator, and air nozzle, all constructed and
arranged substantially as hereinbefore described and shewn in Figures 2 and 4 of
the accompanying drawings.
4. In regenerative gas lamps a reflector Q supported below the level of the flame
of the lamp substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described and shewn
in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.
5. In regenerative gas lamps a burner carried by a portion of the gas supply
pipe connected to the other portion by a joint which forms a gas cock and a glass
holder arranged to turn down and up with the burner on the same centre sub-
stantially as hereinbefore described and shewn in Figure 7 of the accompanying
drawings.
6. For regenerative gas lamps a lamp glass with a central part turned in and
perforated for the supply of air to the flame substantially as hereinbefore
described.
7. For regenerative gas lamps a lamp glass with a central part turned in and
perforated and provided with gauze or reticulated plates or parts for the supply and
diffusion of air for the underside of the flame substantially as hereinbefore
described.
8. The arrangement and combination of parts constituting the regenerative gas
lamp as hereinbefore described and shewn in Figure 8 of the accompanying
drawings.
9. The several arrangements and combinations of parts constituting the regene-
rative gas lamps hereinbefore described and shewn respectively in Figure 1, in
Figure 2, in Figure 3, in Figure 4 and in Figure 7 of the accompanying
drawings.
LOL of Januan 1801