IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES AND MEANS FOR RECEIVING AND DEODORIZING HUMAN EXCRETA
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Bannehr, of 1, Poets Corner, in the City of West-
minster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES AND MEANS
FOR RECEIVING AND DEODORIZING HUMAN EXCRETA."
Sealed the 9th May 1879, and dated the 11th November 1878.
'
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Banner at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th November 1878.
JAMES BANNEHR, of 1, Poets Corner, in the City of Westminster.
MENTS
"
IMPROVE-
IN APPLIANCES AND MEANS FOR RECEIVING AND DEODORIZING HUMAN
EXCRETA."
My Invention relates to receiving and deodorizing the two parts of human
excreta apart from each other as far as convenient, and with that view its objects
are to provide dry commodes or closets with a convenient compartment for the
deodorant, from which compartment such deodorant, which I prefer to make as
hereinafter described, can easily be removed in suitable small quantities by a shovel
or scoop, and so to construct and fit the closet or commode (when the basin or pan is
divided so as to separate the urine from the solid excreta) that the urine shall flow
away into a suitable vessel, while water used for flushing the urine portion of the
basin or pan shall after cleansing such portion pass off into a separate vessel or .
receiver.
In carrying out my Invention I form the compartment for the deodorant behind
the basin or pan; the pan may rest by its rim partly upon a semicircular or curved
portion, which with a cheek at each side forms the front of the deodorant com-
partment, and partly upon a pair of parallel arıns forming continuations of the
semi-circle. The sides of the said compartment are preferably inclined at their
lower part, so as to direct the supply of the deodorant to or near the middle. The
top of the compartment may be formed by the seat, which is raised on a hinge
when it is required to supply the compartment with a fresh supply of deodorant.

page_text: Between the bottom or floor of the commode or closet and the basin or pan is a
way or channel, through which a shovel or scoop can be inserted into the lower
part of the compartment so as to remove therefrom on each occasion a sufficient
quantity of the deodorant for the solid part of the excreta in the pan. The front
of the commode or closet is made to open to enable the said way or channel to be
got at.
The deodorant which I employ is composed of shale-clay or other suitable
aluminous substance, permanganate of potash, and light carbonaceous matter. The
carbonaceous matter may be economically obtained by carbonizing spent tan,
damaged wheat, or other suitable organic matter. I prefer the deodorant to be in
the form of granules, which may be made by forcing the material when in a plastic
state and without the previous admixture of carbonaceous matter through perfora-
tions in a plate, cutting the threads of the material as they issue through the
perforations, then coating such granules with the carbonaceous matter in a finely
divided state, and finally drying the small pieces thus cut off and coated. The
proportions of permanganate of potash and carbonaceous matter will vary according
to circumstances. In a ton of material there may be, say, from 1 to 6 lbs. of the per-
manganate and from 300 to 500 lbs. of the carbonaceous matter, the rest being shale
clay, or other suitable aluminous substance. If the deodorant is required to act
also as a disinfectant the proportion of shale-clay or other like substance will be
considerably reduced, or it may be omitted altogether, in which latter case the car-
bonaceous matter and the permanganate are bound together by a suitable binding
material, for which purpose carrageen moss jelly or other like substance may be
used with advantage.
The mode in which I enable the urine to flow away from the divided part of the
pan to one vessel, and the water which is used for flushing the urine portion of the
pan to another or separate vessel or receiver is by means of a six way cock fitted
in the pipe which conveys the urine from the pan. In the normal position the way
is open direct from the urine division of the pan to the urine vessel, but when the
cock is turned partly round this way is closed and communication is opened with a
water reservoir, with the water inlet to the pan, with a branch of the pipe leading
from the pan, and with the vessel or receiver for the flushing water, the result of
which is that the water from the reservoir first passes through the cock to the urine
portion of the pan, and after flushing it in any ordinary manner passes through the
branch pipe before named to the cock, and thence to its separate vessel or receiver.
The water supply should be arranged in any of the well known manners, by which
only a given quantity is allowed to pass at each turn of the cock. The six way
cock, although specially designed for commodes or dry closets, can also be fitted
with advantage to urinals and water closets when it is desired to separately collect
the urine, and that the flushing water may not mix with the excreta.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Bannehr in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 10th May
1879.
"
JAMES BANNEHR, of 1, Poets Corner, in the City of Westminster. IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPLIANCES AND MEANS FOR RECEIVING AND DEODORIZING HUMAN
EXCRETA."
My Invention relates to receiving and deodorizing the two parts of the human
excreta apart from each other as far as convenient, and with that view its objects
are to provide dry commodes or closets with a convenient compartment for the
deodorant, from which compartment such deodorant, which I prefer to make as
hereinafter described, can easily be removed in suitable small quantities by a shovel
or scoop, and so to construct and fit the closet or commode (when the basin or pan is
divided so as to separate the urine from the solid excreta, as is well understood)
that the urine shall flow away into a suitable vessel, while water used for flushing
the urine portion of the basin or pan shall after cleansing such portion pass off into
a separate vessel or receiver.
In carrying out my Invention I form the compartment for the deodorant behind
the basin or pan; the pan may rest by its rim partly upon a semi-circular or curved
portion, which with a cheek at each side forms the front of the deodorant compart-
ment, and partly upon a pair of parallel arms, forming continuations of the semi
circle. The sides of the said compartment are preferably inclined at their lower
part so as to direct the supply of the deodorant to or near the middle. The top of
the compartment inay be formed by the seat, which is raised on a hinge when it is
required to supply the compartment with a fresh supply of deodorant. Between
the bottom or floor of the commode or closet and the basin or pan is a way or
channel, through which a shovel or scoop can be inserted into the lower part of the
compartment so as to remove therefrom on each occasion a sufficient quantity of
the deodorant for the solid part of the excreta in the pan. The front of the
commode or closet is made to open to enable the said way or channel to be
got at.
In the annexed Drawings Figure 1 is a plan with the seat and cover removed
of a dry commode or closet constructed according to my present Invention, as.
herein before described; Figure 2 is a section through the line A, A; and Figure 3,
a section through the line B, B. a is the back of the commode; b, b, the sides; c,
the bottom; d, the front; e, the cover hinged to the back; and f, the seat hinged
or jointed at g. The front d is hinged to one of the sides so that it can be opened..
h is the compartment for the deodorant, situated behind the basin or pan i. The
sides of the compartment are inclined at their lower part, as seen at k, k, so as to
direct or supply the deodorant to or near the middle. The back of the compart-
ment is formed by the back of the commode and the front by a semi-circular part
or portion and by cheeks m, m. The basin i rests with its rim partly upon the
semi-circular portion and partly upon a pair of arms n, n.
o is a way or channel
formed between the bottom c of the commode and the basin i by means of a top
piece p and cheeks q, q. This way o is, as already explained, for the purpose of
introducing a shovel or scoop into the lower part of the deodorant compartment h,
so as to remove therefrom on each occasion a sufficient quantity of the deodorant.
for the solid part of the excreta in the basin.
The deodorant which I employ is composed of shale-clay or other suitable
aluminous substance, permanganate of potash, and light carbonaceous matter. The
carbonaceous matter may be economically obtained by carbonizing spent tan,
damaged wheat, or other suitable organic matter. I prefer the deodorant to be in
the form of granules, which may be made by forcing the material when in a plastic,
state, and without the previous admixture of carbonaceous matter, through perfora-
tions in a plate, cutting the threads of the material as they issue through the

page_text: perforations, then coating such granules with the carbonaceous matter in a finely
divided state, and finally drying the small pieces thus cut off and coated. The
proportions of permanganate of potash and carbonaceous matter will vary according
to circumstances. In a ton of material there may be, say, from 1 to 6 lbs. of the
permanganate and from 300 to 500 lbs. of the carbonaceous matter, the rest being
shale-clay or other suitable aluminous substance.
If the deodorant is required to act also as a disinfectant the proportion of shale
clay or other like substance will be considerably reduced, or it may be omitted
altogether, in which latter case the carbonaceous matter and the permanganate are
bound together by a suitable binding material, for which purpose carrageen moss
jelly or other like substance may be used with advantage.
The mode in which I enable the urine to flow away from the divided part of the
pan to one vessel and the water which is used for flushing the urine portion of the
pan to another or separate vessel or receiver is by means of a six way cock fitted
in the pipe which conveys the urine from the pan. This six way cock is repre-
sented in Figure 4; Figure 5 is an elevation, and Figure 6 a section of the plug of
the cock. In the normal position the way is open direct from the urine division
of the pan to the urine vessel through the pipe 7, r, and through the passages of
the cock, but when the cock is turned partly round this way is closed, and commu-
nication is opened by means of the chasing t and the pipe u with a water reservoir,
and by means of the same chasing t and the pipe v with the water inlet to the pan;
also by means of the chasing w with a branch x of the pipe r, and by means of this
chasing w and the pipe y with the vessel or receiver for the flushing water, the result
of which is that water from the reservoir first passes by the pipe u through the
chasing t in the cock, and by the pipe v to the urine portion of the pan, and after
flushing it in any ordinary manner passes through the branch pipe x to the chasing
w of the cock, and thence by the pipe y to its separate vessel or receiver. The water
supply should be arranged in any of the well known manners, by which only a
given quantity is allowed to pass at each turn of the cock. The six way cock,
although specially designed for commodes or dry closets, can also be fitted with
advantage to urinals and water closets when it is desired to separately collect the
urine and that the flushing water may not mix with the excreta.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as my "Improvements in
Appliances and Meaus for Receiving and Deodorizing Human Excreta,"_
First. Constructing dry commodes or closets with a deodorant compartment, from
which the deodorant can easily be removed in suitable small quantities, substan-
tially as herein-before described, and represented in Figures 1, 2, and 3 of the
annexed Drawings.
Second. The improved deodorant, made, substantially as heroinbefore described,
from permanganate of potash and carbonaceous matter, with or without shale clay
or other aluminous substance, and with or without carrageen moss jelly or other
binding material.
Third. The combination with or adaptation to dry commodes or closets or urinals
or water closets of a six way cock, arranged and acting substantially in the manner
and for the purpose herein before described, and as represented in Figures 4, 5, and 6
of the annexed Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Bannehr, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Tenth day of May, One thousand eight hundred and seventy
nine