IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LAKE COLOURS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Albert Gatty, of Accrington, in the County
of Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemist, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LAKE COLOURS."
Sealed the 1st April 1856, and dated the 9th January 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Albert Gatty
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th January 1856.
I, FREDERICK ALBERT GATTY, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster,
Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LAKE COLOURS, to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the application of the salts of antimony (by,
preference, the chloride,) for the purpose of precipitating the colouring matters
of dye materials, such as Sapan wood, logwood, cochencal, quercitron bark, and
some others of the same description, thereby producing colours commonly,
called lakes, for the manufacture of which other metallic salts have hitherto
been used.
:

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederick Albert Gatty in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 4th July 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
ALBERT GATTY, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturing
Chemist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Frederick Albert Gatty, Her special license that I, the said
Frederick Albert Gatty, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Frederick Albert Gatty, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom.
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LAKE COLOURS, upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Frederick Albert Gatty, my oxc-
cutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and scals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick Albert Gatty, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say) :-
The nature of my Invention consists in the application of the salts of
antimony (by preference, the chloride,) for the purpose of precipitating the
colouring matters of dye materials, such as Sapan wood, logwood, cochineal,
quercitron bark, and some others of the same description, thereby producing
colours commonly called lakes, for the manufacture of which other metallic
salts have hitherto been used.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, I will proceed to describe
the manner of performing the same. In the manufacture of a red lake, T
make use of the following ingredients:-To one gallon of chloride of antimony

page_text: at 80 degrees of Twaddle's hydrometer, I add twenty gallons of well aged
Sapan or Lima wood liquor, at 7 degrees of Twaddle's hydrometer; the whole
is then well stirred, and left to stand for a few hours, and then is put on a
filter; when the liquor is run off I add about 4 gallons of water, in order to
wash the precipitate; this operation of washing I repeat a second time; when
the water is strained off, the lake is finished, and may either be dried or used
in the wet state. If the dye wood liquors employed are more diluted the
operation of washing may be dispensed with. The above proportions may of
course be varied according to the shade of colour required; by using more
of the chloride of antimony, the colour becomes more crimson; and by in-
creasing the quantity of Sapan wood liquor, it takes a more scarlet shade. In
manufacturing purple or violet lakes, I operate exactly in the same manner,
but use logwood liquor in place of Sapan wood liquor. I find the following
proportions to give a good result, namely:-One gallon of chloride of antimony
at 80 degrees of Twaddle's hydrometer, and fourteen gallons of well aged
logwood liquor at 6° degrees of Twaddle's hydrometer. In manufacturing
yellow lakes, I use quercitron bark liquor, in place of Sapan wood, and operate
in the manner above described. Lakes may bo obtained in like manner
from all the dye materials which form coloured precipitates with salts of
antimony.
Having thus described the nature and particulars of my Invention, and
given precise quantities of the materials employed, I would remark that I do
not limit myself thereto, as the proportions may be varied to suit the peculiar
shades of colour required, and to the properties of the dye materials from
which the lake colours are obtained; and I would have it understood that
what I do claim is, the use and application of the salts of antimony (in
lieu of the metallic salts hitherto employed) in the manufacture of lake
colours.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Albert Gatty, have hereunto set
my hand and scal, this Second day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
FREDERICK ALBERT GATTY.
(L.B.)