IMPROVEMENTS IN THE WASHING. BRUSHING. FILLING, AND CORKING OF BOTTLES. AND IN THE MEANS. APPARATUS. OR MECHANISM EMPLOYED THEREFOF, PART OF WHICH MECHANISM IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES.
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Ferguson, of the City of Glasgow, in the
County of Lanark, North Britain, Cabinet Maker, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE WASHING. BRUSHING. FILLING, AND CORKING OF
BOTTLES. AND IN THE MEANS. APPARATUS. OR MECHANISM EMPLOYED THEREFOF,
PART OF WHICH MECHANISM IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES.
Sealed the 26th October 1869, and dated the 13th May 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Ferguson at
the Oflice of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 13th May 1869.
1. CHARLES FERGUSON, of the City of Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, Cabinet Maker, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE WASHING. BRUSHING. FILLING
AND CORKING OF BOTTLES. AND IN THE MEANS. APPARATUS. OR MECHANISM
EMPLOYED THEREFOR, PART OF WHICH MECHANISM IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER
PURPOSES. i be as follows, that is to say-
This said Invention consists in the washing, filling, and corking of
bottles of almost all sizes in sets of a number of the same size at one
577

page_text: time. Each set of a dozen or other number is first ranged or placed in
a portable case or box at equal or fixed distances apart, as in a circle
equally divided round it, the box nevertheless by preference being
square and open at the top with sides, and an angled or grooved bottom
towards one side, where a small pipe is attached for drawing off any
liquid which may be spilt and caught in the box. Each bottle is set in
a good deep socket of its own projecting up from the said bottom, having
a movable round supporting piece or bottom, by preference covered with
india-rubber, for adjusting the height of each bottle in its socket to one
uniform height of the whole set within the box, which has a light loose
lid or cover with a ring of holes in it for being brought down by folding
on hinges or otherwise over the necks of the bottles. and clasped or
otherwise temporarily fixed, so as to hold the bottles so set and ranged
from falling or shifting out of their places while the box is being
removed and treated, as for being turned over to drip after they have
been washed, and also hold and adjust their necks in a true circle, each
at the fixed or equal distances round it, in some cases having a pierced
sheet or washers of india-rubber, leather, or other soft or elastic material
upon the lid round the holes, so as to yield and fit and form a simple and
efficient means of holding the different sized necks in true position,
these boxes being all made alike, and fitted to suit the proper centre of
the tables of the various machines, and filled each in succession with a
set of the unwashed bottles to be washed, filled, and bottled, and all
adjusted to the one height by their movable bottoms, and by preference
simple screws or spring catches, say, to that of the longest bottles usual
in the size of bottles being treated, a deep edge or feather being left at
the sides of the boxes below the bottom to allow room for the working of
these adjusting parts of the movable bottoms, and for the boxes to rest
on the platform of the different machines in true position from their
uniformity of size and fitting, all which enables these sets of bottles to
be transferred and treated in the different machines by having the sets of
washing brushes and water tubes of the washing machine, the filling
tubes of the filling apparatus, and the set of corking ferrules or brushes
and plungers of the corking machine all constructed and arranged in the
same improved manner to suit the disposition and arrangement of the
bottles (or the sets of bottles in the boxes to them and their tables), so
that the bottles are thus passed in sets in succession through these
several machines, and washed, filled, and corked in little more time than
it would take to pass a single bottle through such processes. movements,

page_text: and machines without such improved boxes and fittings in sets suited
to the correspondingly improved arrangement of these machines, means
being also provided for the wiring or fixing the corks in sets as they are
inserted, even before relieving the pressure on then when that is desired,
after which the clasp on the top lid is released so as to remove the
finished bottles, which leaves the empty boxes all ready to be refilled
with unwashed bottles and passed through the machine, as described.
Under one mode and means of performing this said Invention the
boxes so fitted are placed on the vertically sliding or movable table of
the washing machine with its set of cleaning brushes and water-con-
veying and washing tubes ranged in a correspondingly sized circle and
position to the necks of the bottles in the boxes, over which the ring or set
of hollow water tubes revolve as vertical spindles in bearings inserted or
formed in two ring frames or plates secured to the upper part of the four
columns of a square vertically framed or form of washing machine. The
bush bearings of these hollow spindles are by preference lubricated by
small jets of the washing water from the tubes themselves, while the
washing water is supplied by small nozzle branch pipes into the tubes
by cups above their top end bushes, or other equivalent simple means
from a main pipe with a stop tap or valve placed near the junction of
the main with the many small branch pipes, so as to close or open the
water from or to the whole of these at once, while the main pipe is
supplied by a branch pipe and tap from each vessel of washing water, as
one of soda and water, hot water, and cold water, the supply from which
is controlled as desired by their respective taps or cocks. Motion is
given to the hollow spindles by a strong central hollow shaft revolving
also in bearings formed or secured in the same two top frames, having a
spur wheel fast on it between the bearings and frames, working into a
pinion on each hollow spindle ranged concentrically round it, and
having a large bevel wheel keyed or otherwise fixed on its top end above
the upper frame, into which a pinion on the inner end of a horizontal
fly wheel motive shaft gears, and is worked by the horizontal shaft
which revolves in bearing brackets supported on the top frame, on the
overhanging end of which shaft is keyed or fixed when driven by power
the motive belt, pulley, fly wheel, and a crank pin or eccentric by
preference formed on the outer end of the fly wheel. so as to enable the
stroke or "length of throw" of the eccentric or crank pin to suit
any height of bottles by being shortened or lengthened when desired:
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page_text: and when driven by hand power this crank or eccentric pin may be
lengthened or made the crank or driving winch handle for actuating
this the first motion shaft and the whole machine from it.
By another slight modification the long arm of the lever may be
worked by its eccentric or crank, either with or without a fly wheel, by
shifting the attachment of the actuating rod or chain upon the lever to
or from its axis, and having a counterweight on this arm which may be
shifted in like manner, which would give a like steady reciprocating
motion to suit any desired height of bottles as the shifting crank pin
and balance-weighted fly wheel arrangement above described. The
horizontal table or platform (on which the boxes of bottles are placed
exactly under the spindles and brushes to be washed) slides up and down
by deep eyes or guiding pieces on the four columns as guides near the
lower part of the machine, and each brush is attached to its hollow
spindle by a screw neck or ferrule piece, so that the brushes and tubes
enter the whole set of bottles to their full depth as the table is raised to
its full height, at which time and position the brushes are at the bottom
of the bottles, when the lowering of the table less or more proportionally
allows the revolving brushes to act on and clean the bottoms, sides, and
shoulder parts of the bottles thoroughly, whatever the size of bottles
may be which are being washed at the time. This reciprocating motion
is given to the table by preference by a long link or light bar connecting
rod passed up through the central shaft made hollow for that purpose.
the lower end of the rod being attached to the centre of the table by
slots and a key where the table rests to suit the different distances to
the particular length of bottles, while the upper end is linked to the
short arm of a power increasing lever of an improved compensating
or balancing or sliding weighted lever arrangement connected by the
longer arm, in a line with the other arm, to the eccentric or the crank
pin before referred to of the fly wheel driving shaft on which the
counterweight might be placed; in either ense, whether the weight is
on the lever or wheel and shaft, all is so arranged as to give to both the
table and shaft a balanced and steady motion. When a slower recipro-
cating motion is desired than that due to a revolution of the first motion
shaft the long arm of the lever could be connected to the eccentric shaft
as an intermediate shaft actuated from the first motion shaft by a helt
and pulleys or by geared wheels. The connection of the actuating rod
with the moving table at its lower end may be made with a lever, screw

page_text: or other equivalent arrangement for lengthening and shortening its.
height, so as to take up the platform, after the box and set of bottles
have been placed on it, high enough for the brushes and tubes to be
entered some distance into the bottles to the point where the recipro-
cating motion begins at the lowest point of its "stroke," and before
starting or putting it and the revolving motion into action, which causes
the inner surface of the bottles to travel up and down, over and against
the brushes, and so be cleaned and washed as described, while a weighted
collar might be hung on each spindle, which when raised would set on
the washing water in each tube, and shut it off by its own weight when
the bottles were removed. When the platform carrying the boxes of
bottles is so raised by a centre rod, as described, a narrow slit is formed
from the centre of each box towards the side through between two of the
bottles, so as to enter and pass the rod to the centre until the necks of
the ring of bottles would be exactly concentric with and below the
corresponding circle of washing brushes and tubes; but when it is not
desired to so cut the boxes two or more rods attached to the table below
may be connected by a cross head at top to the actuating reciprocating
lover, so that the table can be moved up and down by the rods quite
outside the boxes, the sole plate being made with a ledge and incli-
nation or grooves leading down to one side for drawing off all the waste
water by a pipe or hose attached to this receiving tray, part of the sole
plate for the purpose. These boxes with their sets of bottles cleaned as
described are removed from the table of this washing machine in
succession (after being dripped by turning them upside down on a rack
for a short time) to the table of the filling apparatus or machine, com-
posed of a ring of vertically disposed fiillng tubes placed and disposed
to suit the bottles, the table being fitted with the appliances and pipe
the same as described in the washing machine table for receiving any
liquor spilt in filling the bottles and conveying it to a receiver for use
again. This filling ring of tubes is fitted on a swing and vertically
rising and falling frame, either mounted with a table of its own for the
boxed set of bottles to be placed upon and filled all at once as a separate
filling machine, or it may be so fitted and mounted to or near the main
frame and lower vertically sliding plate or platform on which the boxes
of bottles are placed of a combined or double machine for the two pur-
poses of both filling and corking them in a most expeditious manner.
The whole of the filling tubes are coupled to one main pipe by preference
by a flexible branch or tube at least so near the junction with their

page_text: movable ring frame controlled to shut off or open the whole from or to
the said main pipe by a single tap or cock, either with or without
separate taps on each filling tube, which when so fitted are preferred to
be shut off or opened by the motion of a single handle and spindle, by a
screw or pinion on the later actuating a large spur or bevel wheel
working into and actuating corresponding small segments of toothed
wheels, one fixed on the end of each key of the taps or cocks. This
main pipe may be either connected direct to the barrel. hogshend, or
other vessel or vessels (containing the liquid to be drawn off and filled
into the bottles) by a branch pipe and tap or cock for each vessel, or by
having a filling fountain vessel into which the liquid to be bottled is
run from the main pipe, having a regulating float in it for opening and
shutting off the tap or valve on the main supply pipe running into it, or
the tap on the branch or vessel from which the liquid is being drawn at
the time; or it might be the admission of air to these, without which
admission of air the liquid could not be drawn off, the normal or proper
level in this fountain vessel being regulated to suit the heights of the
sets of particular bottles being filled when placed on the filling platform
or table of the filling or filling and bottling machine referred to, so as
just to leave sufficient space in the neck of the whole of the bottles for
the corks to be properly forced or driven into them. When these boxes
of bottles are so filled with liquid or liquor on the platform of a bottling
or filling apparatus or machine only as described the boxes have to be
removed and placed in the centre of the lower vertically moving
platform of a corking machine, on which table however the operation of
filling the bottles might, as desired, be also performed; in either case the
ring frame of filling tubes is removed by raising it on its swivel stem at
one side of the table until the tubes are quite out of the bottles, and
swinging it round out of the way of the table by its own flexible supply
pipe acting as a spring and cord, or other simple and equivalent means,
so as to leave the bottles all ready for their subsequent removal and the
replacement of a new box and set of bottles in the case of the filling
machine only, and for the next operation of corking them in the case
of its being the corking and bottling machine combined in which the
bottles are filled.
The new or improved machine for corking the bottles in sets, under
one modification of this said Invention, is formed of a square vertical
form with four columns at the corners fixed in a strong sole or bed plate

page_text: below, and to a similar square frame or plate at top, and the lower
vertically sliding table or platform on which the boxes of bottles are set
rests on feathers or edges at the sides upon the bed plate when filling or
filled ready for corking. This bed plate carrying the bottles is linked
below to and raised by the short horizontal arm of a bell crank, and its
long vertical actuating arm or hand lever at one side when the bottles
are all ready for corking, until they come up to meet the lower side or
entrance of the corking bushes ranged and fixed (concentrical in a ring
or circle to suit the position of the bottles) in the lowest of the two
sliding frames, guided on the upper part of the columns in the same
manner as the under frame is guided on the lower parts of the columns.
When the table and bottles are so raised a slide wedge frame or block is
then forced in below or between the raised table and the sole plate of
the machine beneath the feathers to sustain the strain of corking the
whole set at once, the latter part of the motion or stroke of the raising
lever being made to bring in this supporting sliding frame below the
bottling table, and again remove or push it back out of the way for
lowering the table by the raising of the hand lever again. The upper
frame (which has the pistons or forcing plungers all ranged and pro-
jecting down from it sc as to enter the upper side of the bushes in the
frame below it) is raised and lowered by cords at each side passed over
pulleys, or it might be by an arrangement of levers, so as to be held up
at its highest position on the opposite or same side as the raising hand
lever of the bottle-holding table is placed, and sufliciently above the
bush frame at its highest position to get the corks properly placed into
the bushes while one box of bottles is being removed and another
replaced. The bush frame is held up by cords and pulleys or levers
arranged so as to be held up by preference on the same side as the hand
lever of the moving bell crank of the lower table is placed, all so that
the corking plunger frame (which has a centre screw spindle swivelling
in a bush on its upper side, with a large sliding nut on the screw near
its top or upper part working in guides secured in the fixed top frame
of the machine) is first lowered down by its raising and lowering cord
or lever arrangement until the plungers rest on the corks and bush
frame, which is then instantaneously disengaged and lowered down
along with the top one also, which is resting on it, by the motion of
the vertical lever of the bell crank while raising the lower table and box
of bottles, as before described, to meet the bush frame half way up and
down, or when desired the bush frame may be first lowered half way,

page_text: and the vertical lever made to lower only the top frame and its screw;
in either case the saune motion of the lever at the last part of its motion
is made to shift a locking lever and two catches or locking bars or
"cotters" to catch over the sliding ends of the screw nut or bush in or
through its sliding guides, so as to hold down the screw and plunder
plate while pressing the corks, which is then done by the simple turning
of a hand fly wheel or weighted two-armed lever on the extreme top of
the screw, thus screwing or forcing down all the corks at the same time
into the bottles, after which the vertical hand lever of the lower table
is again raised so as to lower the box of bottles and unlock the mut
bush and screw, when the upper corking bush and plunger frames may
then be raised at once or separately, and fixed by their cord or lever
arrangement all ready for another charging with corks, and being again
disengaged and lowered on a fresh box of bottles placed or filled on the
lower table to be corked in like manner, and so on in succession, all as
described.
When the corked bottles are to be wired down. as for soda water (or
such liquor tending to blow out their corks), slits are formed both in the
bushes and plungers in corresponding positions, so that after the corks
are pushed into the head a long wire or short length of wire can be
threaded through this slit and tied quickly down round the necks of the
bottles when desired. A clear or transparent dish or bottle may be used
as a "telltale" to know when the sets of bottles are filled, in the same
manner as the set, but marked so as to show at once to the eye when it
and the whole set of bottles are filled; or it might be set on a balance
spring or lever arrangement, so that when it is full its weight would
give an alarm to the ear, or shut off the flow of liquid into the set of
bottles when it and the set were filled all ready for the person filling to
draw the hand lever and screw down the corks the moment they are
lilled, particularly if filling effervescent liquids through the ring of
corking bushes. in which case the wiring slits would not be formed in
the lower corking bushes.
When desired, or in some cases for corking bottles in sets in this
improved manner, the points of the corks might be tapered or rounded a
little at the edge all round the point. so as to enter the bottles better
and in a simple manner, by a swift revolving tube cutter in a lathe or
motor with lateral bevelled cutting or rasping edges, or the corking
bushes might be made to contract the corks at their points and relieve

page_text: them again as the corks enter the bottles, by having a sectional part of
the points of the bushes all movable out or in by a ring or other
equivalent by the same mechanism and movement which actuates the
corking plunger frame.
The new or improved mechanism in this said Invention, which is
applicable for other purposes than that of raising the platform of bottle-
washing machines, as so far described, is the arrangement of a sliding
adjustable weighted lever actuated by an eccentric or crank on the
revolving shaft, which transmits circular and reciprocatory motion
through or from it at the same time in or to the same machine, and all
so as to give these circular and reciprocatory motions in a more easy and
steady manner than without the use of such mechanism, as for the
actuating of lathes, saws, beaters, and the boring and sinking tools
and their lifting levers, or other such irregularly loaded or working
mechanism used for many useful purposes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Charles Ferguson in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 12th November 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
FERGUSON, of the City of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Cabinet Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Quecu Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Charles Ferguson, Her special licence that
1, the said Charles Ferguson, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Charles Ferguson, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kngdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
WASHING, BRUSHING, FILLING. AND CORKING OF BOTTLES. AND IN THE MEANS,
APPARATUS. OR MECHANISM EMPLOYED THEREFOR, PART OF WHICH MECHANISM IS

page_text: ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Charles Ferguson, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that 1, the said Charles Ferguson, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement in writing, reference being had to the accompanying
two Sheets of Drawings, and to the several illustrative Figures, reference
letters, and numerals marked thereon, the same reference letters and
numerals indicating the same or corresponding parts in all the Figures,
and which I hereunto append for the purpose of showing the best modi-
fications and means I am at present aware of for practically performing
or putting my said Invention into practice:-
'
My said Invention consists of, the first part, in the washing, brushing,
filling, and corking of bottles of almost all sizes in sets of a number of
the same size at one time, all as hercin-after described and shown in
reference to Figures 1 to 7 of Sheet 1 of the accompanying Drawings.
For this purpose each set of six quart bottles (or it may be other
number and size), all as shown in Figures 1 and 2 in detached sectional
elevation and plan respectively, are first ranged or placed in a portable
case or box B at equal or fixed distances apart, as in a circle equally
divided round it; the box B itself nevertheless by preference being
square and open at the top with vertical sides B', and an angled or
grooved bottom B leading a little down towards one side or corner,
where a small pipe and tap C are attached for drawing off any liquid
which may be spilt and caught in the box B. Each bottle A is set in a
good deep socket A' of its own projecting up from the bottom B*, and
having a movable round supporting piece or bottom A, by preference
covered with a thin shect of india-rubber. The short bottles are all
adjusted and raised in their sockets A' to the height of the tallest of the
set by screwing up the bottoms A³ on which they rest by the several
thumbscrews A". The shoulders of the bottles A come up through the
holes D in the portable light loose lid or cover D, the holes D' being

page_text: ranged in a circle in the cover for being brought down over the necks
of the bottles A, and then temporarily fixed to the box B by the swivel
bolts or latches d "taking" into recessed notches or catches d' on the
lid and sides of the box respectively (or otherwise the loose lid may
be attached to the box, and made otherwise to fold, slide, or hinge and
clasp to it), all so as to hold the bottles so set and ranged from falling or
shifting out of their places while the box B and set of bottles A in it
are being removed and treated, as for holding the bottles safe in the boxes
while being turned over to drip after they have been washed, and for
adjusting and holding the necks and heads of the bottles in a true circle,
cach at the fixed or equal distance round the circle to suit their washing,
brushing, and subsequent filling and corking. A pierced sheet or
washer d² of india-rubber, leather, or other soft or elastic material is
fixed upon the under side of the lid D round the holes, so as to yield and
fit, and form a simple and efficient means of holding the different sized
necks of the bottles in true position. Deep edges or feathers B" are lett
all round the bottom edges of the boxes B to allow room for the working
of the adjustable parts and screws A" below the bottom B' of the movable
bottoms A These strong edges B" form the resting and guiding
parts of the boxes B on the resting and guiding feathers E' of the
portable tray E with edges all round, and a small coupling branch
pipe C for preserving and drawing off any liquid which may be spilt
in the washing and filling of the bottles, which tray E may be made
portable, and screwed by the snugs E to the tables or platforms F
and O of the different machines; and for the brushing machine, both
it and the box B may have lateral slits E and B³ respectively to
enable them to be shipped laterally over the reciprocating platform F
When
and its actuating central spindle F (Figure 2, Sheet 1).
desired, however (as in Figure 3, Sheet 1), the tray E may be formed
in one with the platform F in the form of a cistern F", so as to
receive and deliver the overflow washing water through the waste
pipe C, having also the bearing and guide feathers F as E' of the
tray E for retaining the boxes and bottles in the required true position
for treating them in the machines. These boxes B are all made alike to
suit the particular size of the bottles to be treated, and to fit the feathers
of the trays or tables and centres of the several improved machines,
as herein described, and are then, each in succession, filled with a set
of unwashed bottles adjusted to the one height by their movable
bottoms A and screws A", or it might be other equivalent spring

page_text: catches, when the boxes of bottles are then ready for being removed to
and placed on the centre of the platform F of the new or improved
bottle brushing and washing machine, shown in sectional elevation and
plan in Figures 3 and 4 on Sheet 1 of the accompanying Drawings,
constructed in accordance with and illustrative of one modification and
means of performing this part of my said Invention of thoroughly
brushing and cleaning the bottles in sets, and then afterwards removing
the boxes of bottles from this machine to the new or improved filling
and corking machine, shown in sectional elevation and plan in Figures 5
and 6 respectively on Sheet 1, and constructed in accordance with and
illustrative of one modification and means of performing this part of
my said Invention of filling and corking the bottles in sets. The
washing and brushing water tubes or spindles b, b', of the washing
machine, Figures 3 and 4, and the filling tubes Q of the bottle filling
apparatus P, and set of corking ferrules or bushes V, and plungers Vi
of the filling and corking machine (Figures 5 and 6), are all con-
structed and arranged in the truc circle and axial distances of the
necks of the bottles A when set and fixed in the boxes B, as indicated
by the blue lines A and centres Ax in the plan views, Figures 2, 4.
and 6.
By these new or improved modes and means or arrangements of
mechanism the bottles are thus enabled to be passed successively in sets
of six at a time though these improved machines, and brushed, washed,
filled, and corked, which constitute the main or essential features or part
of this my said Invention, in little more time than is required to pass
a single bottle through such movements and processes or treatment and
machines heretofore in use for the said purposes without my improved
modes and means of treating them in boxes or sets, all substantially
as stated.
Referring to Figures 3 and 4, under one modification and means of
further and practically performing this part of my said Invention of
brushing and cleaning the bottles in sets, the boxes B (all as shown and
described in reference to Figures 1 and 2) filled with them are placed
one at a time on the vertically sliding or reciprocating box or table F,
made to carry and actuate it by the central rod F attached by a
cotter F below to suit the height of the bottles A, which are so placed
concentrically round the rod that the ring Aof six bottles are cach
exactly below the axis of their corresponding cleaning and revolving

page_text: brushes a formed on twisted wire spindles a', by preference of the
strongest hair or finest clastic wire or other equivalent, which enter
the bottles A as the platform F is raised, and brush and clean the
interior of the bottles by the revolution of their actuating hollow
spindles b, b', to which the wire spindles a' are attached at 6", the
hollow spindles & working down into the bottles, so as also to convey
the washing water with considerable force into them. The ring or set
of hollow washing water tubes, b, b', revolve in the bearing bushes c, c',
inserted or formed in the two open or ring frames G, G', secured to the
upper part of the four main columns H by screw nuts H' above and
below them. or other equivalent secure fastening, the lower ends of the
columns being inserted into and secured by sockets to the strong bed
or sole plate G³, the whole forming a kind of square or rectangular
vertically framed machinc. The bush bearings c, c', are by preference
each lubricated by a small jet or trickling of the washing water, led
through a small hole leading from the interior of the tube b' above, and
into a small lubricating cup formed on the top of each, or by other
equivalent means. When, however, oil or other lubricating material is
used in these bearings c, c', a large hollow washer or cup 63 is formed
or fixed on each spindle below the lower bearing c', so as to intercept
and receive all the waste lubricating matter, and prevent it running
down the spindles b' and mixing with the washing water within the
bottles. The washing water is supplied by the small pipes e, the nozzle
end of each entering through a steadying bracket e' into the top of
each hollow spindle b, b', or it may be a cup formed on the top of it,
the bracket e preventing the nozzle end of the tube e from rubbing on
the inside of the internal spindle b₁. The main supply water pipe f is
attached by the coupling and tap f' and connecting hollow ball f* near
it to the upper ends of all the branch tubes e, so as at once to close or
set on the water from the main to the whole of the supply tubes e and
spindles b', while the main pipe f is supplied by a branch pipe and
controlling tap from each vessel of washing water, as one of soda
and water, one of hot water, and one of cold water, the supply from
each of which is or may be controlled, as desired, by a tap or cock on
their respective branches. Motion is given to the outer hollow spindles b
by the short strong hollow central shaft J, revolving also in bearings
formed or secured in the same top frames G, G', and having the spur
wheel J' fast on it between the bearings and frames G, G', working into a
pinion j on each hollow spindle b ranged concentrically round the centre

page_text: one J; this centre shaft J has the bevel wheel J* keyed or otherwise fixed
on its top end above the upper frame G, into which the pinion J" gears
and works, fixed on the inner end of the horizontal first motive
shaft K revolving in the bush bearings in the bearing brackets K¹
supported on the top frame G. On the overhanging end of this
shaft K is fixed the winch handle L when driven by manual
power; but when driven by motive power, a motive belt pulley L', as
indicated in red lines at L', may be keyed on the shaft instead of the
winch handle L. A crank pin, or the eccentric by preference, is keyed
on the overhanging end of the shaft K, or it may be formed or fixed
on that of a fly wheel L", when desired, to allow of the "stroke" or
"length of throw" of the eccentric or crank pin being shifted to or
from the axis to suit the reciprocating traverse of the platform F for any
height of bottles A, and their motion over the cleaning brushes a; and
when the fly wheel is employed with the crank pin it may be lengthened
to form the actuating winch handle, either straight or kneed, or this
handle may be detached and fixed on the crank pin when preferred.
The horizontal table or platform F (ou which each box B of bottles A are
placed to be washed) slides up and down by the deep eyes F or other
equivalent guides on the four columns H, so as to guide the bottles A
exactly under the brushes a, driving spindle b, and tube b', which aro
attached to each other by two screw nuts or ferrule at 6", 6", or other
equivalent. The brushes a enter the whole set of bottles A to their full
depth as the table is raised to its full height, when the brushes are then
at the bottom of the bottles A (so that as the revolving brushes are
approximately shaped to suit the interior of the bottles) they are
thoroughly cleaned on the bottoms, sides, and shoulder parts by the
raising and lowering of the table F less or more proportionally. This
reciprocating motion is given to the platform F and bottles A by the
long link or light bar connecting rod E passed up through the central
shaft J made hollow for that purpose, the lower end of the rod being
attached to the centre of the table F by the cotter F³, one or more extra
cotter holes being formed in the rod to suit the different heights of bottles,
while the upper end of the rod F is linked or connected by the chain 1
to the short arm M' of the lever M, which I term an improved power
increasing, compensating, or balancing weighted lever arrangement, and
which is connected by the longer arm M" in a line with the other arm
by the rod to the eccentric (or a crank pin, as before referred to)
on the overhanging end of the fly wheel driving shaft K on the fly

page_text: wheel L", of which a counterweight may be placed as well as on the
lever arm M", in cither case all so arranged as to give to both the table
and shaft a balanced and steady motion. The chain I is passed over the
pulley I and attached to the upper end of the link spindle I" of the
balance weight 1, which by its open link I" slides on the arm M" of
the reciprocating lever M, and resting and holding in notches M² near
to or further from the fulcrum of the lever M", when desired, by pulling
one or other of the two pendent cords I, I³, respectively so as to lower
the platform F and draw the bottles A off the brushes a, or raise them
until they are in proper position within the bottles A for these to be
reciprocated by the lever M and eccentric over the brushes a to clean
then, all as otherwise herein described. The lever M is fulcrumed on a
joint pin n in the bracket N, bolted to a long arm of the upper enta-
blature G carrying the shaft K, and secured and carried at the outer end
on the top of the strong standard He, all so that the lever M oscillates
in a vertical plane over and through the axis of its actuating shaft K,
and having the bracket N and fulcrum pin shifted to any of the holes m
of the lever M so as to shorten or lengthen the throw or oscillation of
the chain arm M' to give more or less motion to the platform F and
bottles A, according to their size, the balance weight * being always
drawn out on the arm M" to the proper distance and notch M³ to raise
the bottles to the proper working position for every fresh box when
placed on the platform F for cleaning the bottles, in which position the
weight I is previously adjusted, by more or fewer weights being placed
on the spindle I" to counterbalance the weight of the platform F, boxes
and bottles B and A, and all the other reciprocating parts hanging to
the chain I, all so that this new or improved "mechanical motion" or
construction and arrangement of balance-weighted lever M in con-
nection with the revolving shaft. K at one and the same time transmits
the circular motion to the spindles and brushes a, b, b', and reciprocating
motion to the platform F required in this machine in the very simple,
regular, and balanced manner described, and which mechanical motion
I consider applicable to other purposes and machines where such
combined circular and reciprocating motion is required at one and the
same time, as I consider will be obvious to the practical mechanic with
a little more explanation herein-after to follow. When a slower.reci-
procatory motion is desired than that due to a revolution of the first
motion shaft K than could be easily arranged by the wheels J³, J", or.
otherwise, the long arm M" of the lever M may be connected to a mere.

page_text: or
eccentric shaft, as an intermediate shaft, actuated from the first motion
shaft by a belt and pulleys or by geared wheels at the speed required.
Instead of the cotter and cotter holes F for connecting the rod F* with
the moving table F on its lower side, this may in some cases be done by
a lever, wedge, screw, or other equivalent "mechanical action "
arrangement for lengthening and shortening its height, and instead of
the arrangement of chain 1 and cords " and ", all as herein-before
described, for taking up the platform after the box and bottles have been
placed on it to the proper height for the brushes a and tubes b' entering
then to the proper position for the reciprocating motion of the platform
to take place. When the platform F is so raised by the centre rod F*,
as lescribed, the narrow slit B is formed from the centre of cach box B
towards the side through between the bottles for passing the box over
the rod, until it is in the centre of the ring of bottles, and their necks
are exactly concentric with and below the corresponding circle of
washing brushes and tubes, all as required and before referred to; but
when it is not desired to so cut the boxes two or more actuating and
suspending rods, as F³, may be attached to the table F below, and con-
nected by a cross head at the top to the actuating reciprocating lever M,
so that the table F could be moved up and down by these rods quite
outside the boxes and actuating wheels J' and j. These boxes B with
their sets of bottles A, cleaned as described, are removed from the table
of this washing machine in succession (handles B being secured to
their front and sides for that purpose) and dripped by turning them
upside down on a rack for a time, and then placed on a sliding or
stationary table, as O of the filling apparatus or machine P, composed of
a ring of vertically disposed filling tubes Q placed and disposed to suit
the bottles A, the table O being fitted with a receiving tray E and
bearing guiding edges E' and pipe C', essentially as described in reference
to the tray in Figures 1 to 4, in this case not requiring the slit E³, but
retains the boxes and bottles in true position, and receives the liquor
spilt in filling them, and conveys it to a receiver for use again. This
filling apparatus P and set or ring of tubes Q is fitted on a swing or
turning and vertically sliding or raising and falling frame P', and may
either be mounted with or beside a table of its own, as referred to, for
the box B and set of bottles A to be placed upon for only filling them
thus in sets of six each all at once as a separate filling machine; or, as I
prefer, this swinging filling apparatus may be fitted to and near the lower
vertically sliding plate or platform O of the combined filling and corking

page_text: "
machine, shown in Figures 5 and 6, which are respectively a vertical
elevation and a plan, partly in section, of such a machine constructed in
accordance with and illustrative of one modification and means of per-
forming this part of my said Invention of filling and corking bottles in
sets in this improved and most expeditious manner. Referring to these
two Figures and Figure 7, which is a side elevation of the upper part of
the same machine, shown at right angles to Figure 6, the whole of the
six filling tubes Q are attached to the hollow ball Q' of the coupling
branch R of and controlling the supply from the main pipe R', or that
part of it connected near the movable frame P', which part R' of the.
supply pipe is preferred to be made of india-rubber or other elastic
piping." The whole of the tubes Q are shut off or opened from or to the
main pipe R', either by the single cock R or by separate taps Q on
each filling tube Q, which when so filled are preferred to be shut off or
opened by the motion of a single handle S and large spur wheel S' (or
it may be a spindle and a screw or pinion on the latter actuating the
said wheel S' or a bevel wheel) made to work into corresponding small
segmental toothed wheels S, one fixed on the end of each key of the
taps or cocks Q. The main pipe R' may either be connected direct to
the barrel, hogshead, or other vessel or vessels (containing the liquor or
liquids to be drawn off and filled into the bottles) by a branch pipe and
tap or cock for each vessel, or have a filling fountain or syphon arrange-
ment or vessel interposed or intermediate between the main and the
flexible branch R' into which the liquid to be bottled is delivered or run
from the main pipe, having a regulating float in it for opening and
shutting off the tap or valve on the main supply pipe running into it;
or it may be the tap on the branch or vessel from which the liquid is
being drawn at the time, or otherwise it may be by controlling a tap or
valve for the admission of air to these vessels, without which adinission
of air the liquid could not be drawn off. The normal or proper level in
this float level regulating supply vessel or fountain syphon vessel is
regulated to suit the heights of the sets of particular sized bottles A
being filled when placed on the filling platform or table O of the filling
and bottling machine, Figures 5 and 6 (or the table of the filling
machine, when that is used by itself), all so as just to leave sufficient
space in the neck of the whole of the bottles A for the corks to
bc properly forced or driven into them. When the boxes (B) of
bottles A are so filled with liquor or liquid on the platform of a bottling

page_text: or filling apparatus or machine only of this kind, as referred to, the
boxes B have to be removed and placed in the centre of the lower
vertically movable platform O of the corking machine, as shown in
Figure 5, on which table however the operation of filling the bottles A,
as desired, is also performed; (in either case) the ring or open frame "
of the filling tubes Q is carried upon the rigid swivel pillar T (secured
to the main sole plate U) by the spiral spring T', so set by the collar
and pinching screws P that the lower ends of the tubes Q are clear of
the tops of the bottles A, all so arranged that when the frame P¹ is
turned round by the operator's hand on the pillar T over the box of
bottles previously placed on the centre of the table O the depression of
the frame against the power of the spring T' inserts the ring of six
filling tubes into the bottles, until the spring catch 'T" for the purpose
goes into a notch T in the pillar T and holds the frame and tubes Q
down against the power of the spring T' until the bottles are filled. This
is done by turning on all the taps Q by slight movement of the
handle S in one direction, and when the bottles are full the handle is
turned back so as to shut them all off again; then on release of the
catch T the spring T' raises the tubes Q out of the bottles, so that the
whole filling apparatus P' is swivelled round outwardly, as shown in this
position in Figures 5 and 6, out of the way of the corking mechanism, and
its action in corking the set of bottles A filled as stated. In some cases, as
for a filling machine or table only, the filling frame P could be held down
by the catch T", and pulled up by the elastic tube R' as a spring and
raised high enough, or then simply turned back a little, in either casc
sufficient to allow the filled set of bottles to be removed to the table of
the corking machine, Figure 5, and a fresh empty set replaced to be
filled in like manner to the set described. In both the supply tubes b'
and Qof the washing and filling machines respectively the class of stop
valves, as indicated in red lines at and q in Figures 3 and 5 (and
used on some classes of washing and bottling tubes heretofore in use),
formed of an outer tube working on their lower end against a valve lid
at foot with a weight always shutting the valve, except when the heads
of the bottles touch it and raises the, weight (or it might be a spring),
may be used for opening and shutting off the liquid automatically
by the movement of the bottles on the tubes b', Q. necessary for
washing and filling in my said improved machines, as described, and
instead of the hand shut cock f. Q, and R. By this arrangement

page_text: little waste of water in washing or liquor in filling would take place, as
the weighted tubes 6, q, would thus shut off the flow at the nozzles, as
desired, and set for the purpose. The removal of either the tubes or the
boxes of bottles would shut them, and as in the filling apparatus the
level of the liquor in the syphon supply cistern would always be below
the level of the heads of the bottles and top of the weighted tubular
valves b, g, no liquor could run over or be lost in the filling, except
by carelessness.
My said new or improved machine for corking bottles thus in sets
is formed of a square vertical form by or with four parallel guiding
columns U at the corners fixed in the strong sole or bed plate U
(secured to a suitable foundation below) and to a similar square franie
or plate U at the top. The platform O, which slides vertically on tho
lower part of the columns U' with the box B of bottles A set centrally
on it, rests on the feathers or edges O' at the sides upon the bed plate U
when the bottles are filling or filled ready for corking. This bed plate O
may be raised to suit the height of the different size of boxes B and
bottles A to be treated by being linked below to the short arm of a
bell-crank or other lever actuated by the longer hand or arm of tho
lever placed conveniently at one side for the purpose, and also when
desired to raise the platform at or just before the time of corking until
the heads of the bottles A come up to meet the lower side or entrance
of the corking bushes V ranged and fixed concentrically in a ring or
circle to suit the position of the bottles in the lowest (W) of the two
frames W, W, which slide by deep eyes on the upper part of the
columns U. When the table O and bottles A so set and filled aro
raised by the bell-crank lever a sliding wedge, frame, block, or other
equivalent is then forced in below, or between the raised table O and
the sole plate U, or beneath the feathers O' and their bearing surfaces
on the sole plate, so as to sustain the strain of corking the whole set of
bottles at once, the latter part of the motion or stroke of the raising
lever by preference being made to bring in this supporting sliding
frame or wedges, and on the first part of its reversing motion again
remove or push them back, or out of the way of the table O coming
down to its lowest resting position for removing and receiving the
boxes of bottles, which lever arrangement for the raising and lowering
of the lower table O I have not considered necessary to show in the

page_text: Drawings, as such mechanical lever and sliding wedge actions are very
well known and have been used heretofore in many other constructions
of corking machines. The upper sliding frame W', which has the pistons
or forcing plungers V all ranged and projecting out from it below, so as
to enter the upper side of the bushes V in the frame W below it, is
raised and lowered by the chains W" linked to it at each side and
passed over pulleys W and attached to the counterweight W;
however, this may also be done by an arrangement of levers, or by a
combination of both, so as to be held up at its highest position on the
opposite or back side of the machine, where the weights can work free
of the lever action and bottling or filling apparatus P. The frame W
carries the bush frame W sliding and hanging vertically to it by the
three pendent bars B at such a distance and resting on the end
collars B" below the plungers V' that the corks can be easily placed in
the guide bushes while one box of bottles is being removed and
another replaced on the table O below. The bush frame W may, how-
ever, when desired, be held up by cords and pulleys or levers arranged
of its own, counterbalanced as the plunger frame W. The corking
plunger frame W carries the central screw spindle X swivelling in a
bush W on its upper side, this screw X having the large sliding nut X'
on its upper end, shown in detached sectional elevation Figure 7", and
in plan Figure 6, which as it is lowered takes or works into an open
or curved V-shaped holding guide X³ secured or formed on the top
frame U. On lowering the plunger frame W by its raising and lowering
lever arrangement Y, Y', Y, and chains W" until the bush frame W
rests on the stops U", or the lower part of the bushes V nearly touch or
rest on the top of the bottles which enter the sockets below, having
india-rubber or other soft washers to save the heads from being chipped,
and on continuing the same lowering of the frame W' and motion of
the shifting hand lever Y forward the last part of its motion before the
plungers Vrest upon the corks and bush frame W in turning the
shaft Y carried in bearing blocks on the frame U, and which, by
the levers Y and links Y" attached below by eye joints to the upper
side of the frame W', lowers it to this position of resting on the corks,
at the same time having brought the nut X' down into and below the
holding catch leversy at the bottom of the holding slots X', X'. so that
the small catch cam " on the centre of the shaft Y' releases the cam
lever of the short shaft y³ of the two catches y, so that their springs y

page_text: behind them cause them instantaneously to pass or spring over the two
ends of the screw bush or nut X and lock it thus at the bottom of
the sliding guides X, X", which fixes or holds the nut from turning
or sing out of its grooves, all so that the simple turning of the hand
fly wheel X" on the extreme top end of the screw X (or it might be two
or more weighted lever arnis) forces down all the corks out of the guide
bushes V into the whole set of bottles at once, by the power of the
screw working through the fixed nut X' and pressing on the swivel
step W at the lower end of the spindle X of the plunger frame W'.
The fly wheel X" is then reversed so as to screw up the spindle X and
platform W', which through the links Y" and lever or the hand
lever Y pushed in the backward direction through the cam " and cam
arm y disengage the holding catches y and screw nut X', ali so as to
raise the upper plunger and bush frames W', W, at once to their
required highest position, with sufficient space between them to insert
a fresh set of corks into the sockets, and in which position they
can be held by any ordinary segmental catch applied to the hand
lever, or by having the weights W" attached to the chains W" heavier
than the frames W, W', and parts carried by them, at which time
the lower platform O, if raised by a hand lever and wedge action, as
described, would also be lowered for the removal of the corked set of
bottles A, and replacement of another set of uncorked ones filled as
described, when the frames, corks, and plungers would again be
disengaged, lowered, and the fresh box of bottles corked, in like manner
all as described in reference to the former set, and so on, by the
successive removal and replacement of the boxes of bottles. After the
corking of each set of bottles, and removal of the boxes from the corking
machine, the clasps on the top or lid D are released so as to remove it
and the finished bottles, which leaves the empty boxes all ready to be
filled with empty bottles, which would be secured and passed through
the machines, all as herein-before described. When the corked bottles A
are to be wired down (as for soda water or such liquors tending to blow
out their corks) slits are formed in both the bushes V and plungers V',
in a corresponding position, so that after the corks are pushed into the
heads a long wire or short length of wire can be thread through these slits
and tied quickly down round the necks of the bottles, when desired,
before the lower table O is lowered, or the plunger frame W' raised off
the corka

page_text: It will be understood that other numbers of bottles than the set of
six herein described may be treated in this improved manner, and that
the inner spindles b' of the driving spindles 6 might be made to recipro-
cate up and down by the lever M (or by a simple crank or cecentric
on the inner end of the shaft K, which gives them their revolving
motion) all instead of moving the sets of bottles, which could be raised
to the working or cleaning position over the brushes a and tubes b' by a
stationary lever or wedge action below their platform F. Two or other
number of the brushing and washing spindles (as described in reference
to Figures 3 and 4) may be made and fitted up as a bottle-cleaning
machine, without the reciprocating lever M and platform F, and the
bottles either held over them or placed on them and held from turning
with the spindles by their own weight if the spindles a', b', were made
to project up vertically, horizontally, or angularly from the framing.
Figures 8 and 9 on Sheet 2 of the accompanying Drawings are
respectively a side elevation, partly in section, and a plan of a churning
machine having my new or improved duplex revolving reciprocating
"mechanical motion" applied thereto, and herein-before described for
the washing of bottles and illustrative of one modification of applying it
to other purposes in accordance with my said Invention. The general
construction of the framing of the machine is much the same as that
shown and described in reference to Figures 3 and 4 on Sheet 1, the
lettering corresponding thereto. The churn A properly filled with milk
and cream is set in the centre of the reciprocating platform or cage F,
and held there in the true axial line of the vertically revolving and
churning spindle J and its open or perforated vane j and plunger j'
by the holding flange F secured in two parts to the bottom of the
cage F, and by the folding or recessed cover Fª secured in two parts to
the top of the cage F. The cage F reciprocates on the four columns I
of the framing formed by the entablature G and bed plate G³ rigidly
secured to the top and bottom of the columns, and to an outer stan-
dard H by the deep eyes F¹ at the four upper and lower corners of the
cage, and by the two side rods or links I attached by strong lateral studs
at their lower ends to its two opposite sides (indicated in dotted lines
at I, Figure 8) and at the upper ends by like joints to the two open
lateral branches at I' of the short arm M' of the lever M. The other
arm M" of the lever in this modification is elongated and made parallel

page_text: beyond the actuating joint of its motive connecting rod k', so as to
regulate or shift and fix the weight 1 that it may counterbalance the
weight of the platform F, churn A, and all the other parts hanging to
the arm M', thus insuring the steady and balanced action of these and the
"mechanical motion" of the lever M and its actuating shaft K, which
is here all otherwise arranged substantially as in the other modification,
Figures 3 and 4. The machine when in motion is actuated by the belt
pulleys L' from any adjacent prime motion shaft, and the shaft K of
the pulleys L' transmits reciprocatory motion to the lever M by the
eccentric and its double oscillating or "universal jointed" connecting
rod required or preferred for this "action," which is shown in Figure 8b
in detached side view to illustrate its construction, but in some cases a.
link or chain connecting rod instead of may be used where a recoil
of the weighted lever M is required. While the shaft K transmits its
circular motion to the spindle J through the bevel wheels J" and J³
respectively keyed on the adjacent ends of these shafts, the shaft J
works in the upper and lower bearings G, G", secured to the entabla-
ture G further steadied by a loose hard wood cup bearing A" in the
lid A of the churn A, the lid A' by preference being made in two
halves and recessed into the mouth of the churn to hold all tight; this
simple "mechanical motion" thus transmitting reciprocatory and
circular motion to the milk by the corresponding motions of the churn A
and vane j and plunger j', which thus effectually churns it by forcing
it through the interstices in these two directions of the vane and plunger
respectively. When the milk is fully churned and the butter made and
the machine stopped the hook i' of the lifting cord i is attached to the
eye Ja of the spindle J, when by pulling the small cord i carried over
the pulleys secured at the top of the standard N for the purpose
until the plunger j' is clear of the churn, when the hand ring of the
cord i is linked on to the retaining hook ", all so that the churn A can
be removed and replaced at pleasure, when the spindle J can again be
lowered into the churn and the wheel J lowered into proper gear, with
its pinion J", where it is held secure either from rising or falling by
the hollow outer spindle and its pinching screw J', its broad collars
working on the bearings G', G". The upper part of the bracket N and
cord i carrying the lifting pulleys " are shown as broken at N' above
the fulcrum n of the lever M, as they require to be higher than could
be shown in the sheet. When desired the reciprocating motion (as wel!
:

page_text: as the circular motion) may be given to the spindle J instead of to the
churn A by connecting the arm M' of the lever M direct by a short
link and swivel joint to the upper end J of the spindle J; the outer
spindle J in this case having the bevel wheel J keyed on it would
revolve in the bearings G, G", and have the spindle J passing down
through it. vertically connected by a groove and feather, which would
thus impart circular motion to the spindle J and admit of the vertical
reciprocatory motion being imparted to it by the said lever arm and link
above it.
18
The special mechanical arrangement or combination of the revolving
shaft K and lever M, and their actuating crank or eccentric and con-
necting rod, as herein described, for giving circular and reciprocatory
motion at the same time to the moving parts of bottle cleaning and
milk churning machines is what I consider novel and original as a
'mechanical motion," applicable equally in like manner to other purposes
and machines requiring these two motions, such as giving both these
motions (or it may be only one of them) to the parts of such mechanism or
machines, as those for actuating the spindles of verticals and other drilling
machines, and the boring bars or chisels of stone, mineral, and earth
boring, sinking, and excavating machines, and of stone cutting and
dressing machines, and the bruisers of stone breaking and quartz
crushing machines, and the hammers, pressing weights, blocks, plates,
dies, and plungers or beetles of the several machines respectively for
shaping metals and forcing up metals into various forms, and for
printing and embossing machines, and machines for the compressing
of bricks and tiles, and for the beetling of cloths; also for the actuating
of either reciprocatory or circular saws or turning lathes, and capable
of being applied to any of these machines by any skilled machinist,
so as to give these several machines or their parts the said reciprocatory
and circular motions required for the said purposes in a more easy and
simple manner, and in some cases with a less expenditure of power
than has been the case by the machines or means heretofore employed
without the use of my said "mechanical motions."
Having thus described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used
or carried into effect, I may observe in conclusion that I do not confine
or restrict myself to the precise details or arrangements which I have

page_text: had occasion to describe and delineate, as many variations may be made
therefrom without departing from the main or essential features of my
Invention, neither on the other hand do I claim the use of revolving
cleaning brushes, or non-revolving water-washing tubes, or of filling
tubes for individual bottles being filled and removed therefrom, or the
mere shape and construction of the bushes and plungers of corking
machines (as these and many other minor and herein undistinguished
parts of these mechanical constructions may have heretofore been used in
such and other machines), that is, separately or by themselves, which I
have had occasion to describe and refer to for the purpose of making
my said Invention properly understood, except in their combinations
essential to and forming part of my said Invention; but what I consider
novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me
by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
First. The cleaning or the brushing and washing and the filling and
the corking of bottles in sets of a number at a time, substantially in
the new or improved manner herein described and shown in the
accompanying Drawings, or any mere modification thereof.
Second. The construction and arrangement of mechanism, machines.
or apparatus for the said purposes of brushing and washing and the
filling and the corking of bottles in sets, either as separate individual
machines and processes, or in a succession or sequence of any two or
more of these processes. all substantially in the new or improved manner
herein described and shown in the accompanying Drawings, or any mere
modification thereof.
Third. The setting or fixing of bottles in boxes or sets for the
purpose of cleaning, or filling, or corking them in sets, substantially
as herein described and shown in the accompanying Drawings, or any
mere modification thereof.
Fourth The combination of a revolving brush and washing water
tube for entering, brushing, and washing bottles at one operation, ranged
one or more in a machine for cleaning bottles either individually or in
sets, substantially as herein described and shown in the accompanying
Drawings, or any mere modification thereof.
Fifth. The construction and arrangement of a revolving shaft. and
reciprocating lever (as K and M) and their connecting rod and actuating
crank or eccentric (as and . shown in Figures 3. 4. and 8 and 9) all

page_text: combined as a "mechanical motion" for giving or transmitting circular
or reciprocatory motion, or both, to the moving parts requiring such of
bottle cleaning and milk churning machines, all substantially as herein
shown and described in reference to these said Figures, and also to the
other machines and purposes herein named and referred to, or any mere
modification thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Ferguson. have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
Witness,
W. R. M. THOMSON,
Patent Agent,
20. Buchanan Street,
Glasgow.
CHARLES FERGUSON. (1..s.)