Improvements in the Manufacture of Tanks for Water or other. Liquids.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Jan., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 28th Oct., 1892-Accepted, 31st Dec., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Tanks for Water or other.
Liquids.
I, JOHN FREDERICK CREASE of Comberton Hall, Kidderminster, in the County
of Worcester, Major General in Her Majesty's Army (retired), do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is the manufacture of metal tanks with interiors
completely enamelled in such a manner as to effectually protect the metal from the
oxidizing action of their contents. For this purpose plates of suitable metal such as
iron are cut to suitable shapes to form the sides, top (if any), and bottom of the
required tank. The necessary rivet holes are formed by punching or otherwise.
If the corner joints are to be made by causing part of one plate to overlap part of
another plate the necessary portions of the plates are bent to a right or other
required angle. The plates to form a tank are set up being secured together
temporarily by bolts or otherwise. All parts of each plate that are or will in the
completed tank be overlapped by any other plate or angle iron or other piece of
metal are carefully marked off; then the parts are separated and all those portions
of the several plates that will not be overlapped are enamelled on their insides ir
any suitable way. After this enamelling has been completed, the parts are again
put together and rivetted (it may be by hydraulic rivetters). Afterwards the inside
parts not already coated with enamel are carefully and completely enamelled using
a blow pipe at each side or other suitable means for obtaining the requisite heat and
insuring a complete coating of enamel such as shall effectually protect every portion
of the internal metallic surface of the tank from the action of the contents of the
tank. In some cases it may be convenient, after the rivetting, to coat the still
unprotected parts with some protective composition such for example as that well
known in the market as "Crease's enamel cement paint" or other like or suitable
paint or composition. By my invention I am enabled to produce tanks having an
internal coating of enamel such as heretofore has not so far as I am aware been
found practicable.
Dated this 28th day of January 1892.
JOHN FREDERICK CREASE.
W. Lloyd Wise,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Tanks for Water or other
Liquids.
I, JOHN FREDERICK CREASE of Comberton Hall, Kidderminster, in the County
of Worcester, Major General in Her Majesty's Army (retired), do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The object of my invention is the manufacture of metal tanks with interiors
completely enamelled in such a manner as to effectually protect the metal from the
oxidizing action of their contents.
For this purpose plates of suitable metal such as iron are cut to suitable shapes
to form the sides, top (if any), and bottom of the required tank. The necessary
rivet holes are formed by punching or otherwise. If the corner joints are to be
Q11

page_text: made by causing part of one plate to overlap part of another plate the necessary
portions of the plates are bent to a right or other required angle. The plates to
form a tank are set up being secured together temporarily by bolts or otherwise.
All parts of each plate that are, or will (in the completed tank) be overlapped by
any other plate or angle iron or other piece of metal, are carefully marked off, also
(as to the inner surface of the tank) a margin in the line of each row of rivet holes ;
then the parts are separated and all those portions of the several plates that will
not be overlapped (except the margins above referred to) are enamelled in any
suitable way. After this enamelling has been completed the parts are again put
together and rivetted (it may be by hydraulic rivetters). Afterwards the parts not
already coated with enamel are carefully and completely enamelled, using a blow
pipe at each side or other suitable means for obtaining the requisite heat and
insuring a complete coating of enamel such as shall effectually protect every portion
of the internal metallic surface of the tank from the action of the contents of the
tank.
In order that the manner of carrying out my said invention may be clearly
understood I will proceed to explain the same by reference to the accompanying
drawings, in which
Fig. 1 is a horizontal section on the line b Fig. 2; and
Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation on the line cd Fig. 1 of a tank the interior of
which is to be completely enamelled according to this invention.
In the example shown each side of the tank is composed of a single plate 1 each
adjacent pair of which are secured together at the corners by bending the one
plate so that it underlaps a part of the other as shown at 1", the bottoms of such
plates being flanged inward as shown at 1b so as to overlap the edges of the bottom
plate 2 which is secured to such flanges. 3, 3 are angle irons secured to the inner
surface of the plates 1 near the top edge thereof to stiffen such plates and to which
the top or cover of the tank, if there be one, can be secured. The various plates
having been cut to the desired shape, bent where necessary, and formed with the
necessary rivet holes, are set up as shown and temporarily secured together. The
parts of each of the plates where they overlap each other as also the inner surfaces
of the bent up portions of the several plates are then all carefully marked off by
suitable means such as a scriber, so that, in the example shown, each of the side
plates 1 will have marked out thereon a central rectangular space a b c d, and the
bottom plate a space a' b c d', which spaces, after the plates have been taken
apart and the angle irons 3 removed from the plates 1, are enamelled in the
ordinary way. The plates are then again put together, and secured by rivets, as
also are the angle irons 3, when used, after which those parts of the plates and
rivet heads not covered by enamel and also the inner surfaces of the angle irons 3,
exposed within the tank, are enamelled, the requisite heat for this purpose being
obtained, as herein before stated, by any suitable means, as, for example, by
applying a blow pipe to each side of the connected parts. The whole of the
internal metallic surface of the tank will then be covered with a protective lining.
In some cases it may be convenient, after the rivetting, to coat the still
unprotected parts with some protective composition other than enamel such for
example as that well known in commerce as "Crease's enamel-cement paint," or
other like or suitable cement or composition that will, when set, form a stone-like
protective covering to the surfaces to which it is applied.
In order that the enamel-cement, or protective composition, as the case may be,
applied to the inner surfaces of the plates and angle irons not enamelled by the
first enamelling operation, may be firmly united to such surfaces, it is advantageous
to connect the various plates and angle irons by means of rivets having heads so
formed as to leave spaces between them and the adjacent surface of the plate or
angle iron, into which spaces the enamel-cement or other suitable protective
composition will enter so that when the same is set it will be firmly locked in place
and will not be liable to become detached.
Figs. 3, 4 and 5 are detail views to a larger scale than Figs. 1 and 2, illustrating

page_text: joints made according to this invention. Fig. 3 represents a corner joint of a tank
the side plates 1 of which are connected to an angle iron 4 by rivets the inner end
or head 5 of each of which is flanged outward, as shown, so as to form, with the
said side plates, annular spaces 6 that become filled with the enamel-cement or
other protective composition 7 which when set cannot be easily removed.
Fig. 4 shows a modified corner joint; Fig. 5 shows how two flat plates can be
joined as in making large tanks. All these will be understood from the drawings
without further description.
By my invention I am enabled to produce tanks of metal such as wrought iron
having an internal coating of enamel alone or of enamel and enamel-cement or
other suitable composition.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what
I claim is :-
1. The herein described manufacture of metallic tanks with completely enamelled
interiors; cutting, shaping, and punching or drilling plates of suitable metal such
as wrought iron to form the sides, bottom and top (if any) of the required tank,
enamelling those parts of the inner surfaces of the plates composing the tank that
are not overlapped by any other plate, angle iron, or piece of metal except margins
in the lines of rivet holes; rivetting the enamelled plates together to form the
required tank, and coating those surfaces of the plates and angle irons (if any) not
previously enamelled and forming part of the inner surface of the tank, also the rivet
heads, either with enamel applied by the aid of heat or with a protective
composition such for example as that referred to.
2. A metal tank having its interior completely covered or protected either by
enamel alone or partly by enamel and partly by enamel-cement or other protective
composition applied substantially as hereinbefore described for the purpose
specified.
3. A tank of the kind hereinabove referred to having its interior completely
enamelled or partly enamelled and partly coated with enamel-cement or other
protective composition, made additionally secure by the use of rivets having their
inner ends or heads so formed and arranged as to aid in firmly securing the enamel-
cement or protective composition to the surfaces of the plates substantially as
described.
Dated this 27th day of October 1892.
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.