Improvements in Producing Water Gas and in Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 21st June, 1889-Accepted, 27th July, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Producing Water Gas and in Apparatus therefor.
We GEORGE HERBERT LLOYD Maney House Sutton Coldfield in the County of
Warwick manufacturer, ARTHUR LLEWELLYN LLOYD of 41 Clarendon Square
Leamington in the County of Warwick manufacturer, HUBERT BEWLAY of Alcester
Road Mosely in the County of Worcester manufacturer, and WILLIAM SEDDON
SUTHERLAND of Sandon Road Edgbaston Birmingham in the County of Warwick
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:-
Water Gas is produced by passing steam at a high temperature through a column
of incandescent coal or coke which has previously been raised to a high temperature
by means of an air current in a closed producer. The steam passing through the hot
coal, cools it and it has to be hoated up again by the air current, during which
operation the steam is shut off from the producer, so that in working two distinct
alternating operations are going on. First the heating up of the coal or coke and
second the passing of the steam through such coal or coke thus making Water Gas.
During the first operation ordinary Producer gas is made (Carbonic Oxide with
Nitrogen) and this gas can either be taken away and used for heating purposes such
as firing boilers, furnaces and the like or what is much more convenient and economical
can be burned in regenerators, to which it gives up its heat and the steam for making
the water gas can be passed through these regenerators previously to passing through
the heated coal or coke. The economy and advantage of this latter plan of burning the
producer gas in regenerators and thorewith super-heating the steam before it comes in
contact with the hot coal or coke is obvious and this plan would no doubt, in every
case of Water Gas making, be adopted, if it were not that there is a difficulty occasioned
by the very high temperature caused by burning the Producer gas in, or in the
immediate neighbourhood of the Regenerators themselves.
It is the object of our Invention to overcome this difficulty. The difference in the
working of an ordinary Siemens Regenerative Gas Furnaco as compared with a
Regenerative Water Gas Furnace is this:-In Siemens Regenerative Furnace the
place in which the heated gas and air unite and burn and where the intense tempera-
ture is generated is an open space say as in a steel Furnace, where the intense heat
of the combustion works upon the body of the metal in the hearth and it is only after
doing so that this, as it were, waste gas is conducted to the Regenerators and gives
up its heat to them whereas in a Regenerative Water Gas Furnace the intense heat
caused by the combustion of the Producer gas has hitherto been carried direct to the
Regenerators and has been the cause of great trouble and expense in the damage
caused by the intense heat to them.
Now by our Invention we propose to separate the Regenerators entirely from the
Producer by some distance and to place between them a separate flaming or burning
chamber in which the combustion of the Producer Gas shall take place previously to
its being admitted into the Regenerator. This flaming Chamber is of a form and
construction especially adapted to bear the intense heat of the combustion and is by
preference of tubular straight form placed horizontally and lined with firebricks.
When the combustion takes place in this chamber there is no impingement of the
intensely heated gas on any projecting parts or on arches or corners as there must
be if the gas is burned in the regenerator, and consequently the chamber sustains no
damage. The air to cause the combustion must be admitted so as to cause the com-
bustion to take place in the flaming chamber and not in the regenerators beyond. A
good and convenient way to do this is to admit the air through passages in the brick-
work running backwards from the Regenerator end of the flaming chamber towards
the Producer end where it comes out of the passages and meets the gas from tho

page_text: Producer. By this means a double useful effect can be secured viz. the cold air
entering and travelling along passugos helps to keep the brickwork cool and also the
air in passing along is partially heated before meeting the gas and thus assists perfect
combustion.
Tate on
J. T. KING,
Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Producing Water Gas and in Apparatus therefor.
We. GEORGE HERBERT LLOYD, Muney House Sutton Coldfield in the County of
Warwick Manufacturer ARTHUR LLEWELLYN LLOYD, of 41 Clarendon Square,
Leamington, in the County of Warwick Manufacturer, HUBERT BEWLAY of Alcester
Road Mosely in the County of Warwick Manufacturer and WILLIAM SEDDON
SUTHERLAND of Sandon Road Edgbaston Birminghain in the County of Warwick
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
n
Water Gas is produced by passing steam at a high temperaturo through a column
of incandescent coal or coke which has previously been raised to a high temperature
by means of an air current in a closed producer. The steam passing through the hot
coal, cools it and it has to be heated up again by the air current during which
operation the steam is shut off from the producer, so that in working two distinct
alternating operations are going on. First, the heating up of the coal or coke, and
second the passing of the steam through such coal or coke thus making Water Gas.
During the first operation ordinary Producer gas is made (Carbonic Oxide with
Nitrogen) and this gas can either be taken away and used for heating purposes such
as firing boilers furnaces and the like or what is much more convenient and economical
can be burned in regenerators to which it gives up its heat and the steam for making
the water gas can be passed through these regenerators previously to passing through
the heated coal or coke. The economy and advantage of this latter plan of burning
the producer gas in regenerators and thorowith superheating the steam before it
comes in contact with the hot coal or coku is obvious and this plan would no doubt
in every case of Water Gas making, be adopted, if it were not that there is n
difficulty occasioned by the very high temperature caused by burning the Producer
gas in or in the immediate neighbourhood of the Regenerators themselves.
It is the object of our invention to overcome this difficulty. The difference in the
working of an ordinary Siemons Regenerative Gas Furnace as compared with
a Regenorativo Water (ins Furnaco is this:-in Siemens Regenerative Furnace the
place in which the heated gas and air unite and burn and where the intense
temperature is generated in an open space say as in a steel Furnace, where the
heat of the combustion works upon the body of the motal in the hearth and
it is only after doing so that this, as it were, waste gas is conducted to the Regenerators
and gives up its heat to them, whereas in a Regenerativo Water Gas Furnace the
intense heat caused by the combustion of the Producer gas has hitherto been carried
direct to the Regenerators and has been the cause of great trouble and expense in the
damage caused by the intense heat to them.
Now by our Invention we propose to soparate the Regenerators entirely from the
Producer by some distance and to place between them a separate flaming or burning
chamber in which the combustion of the Producer Gas shall take place previous to
the products of combustion being admitted into tho Regenerator. This flaming
chamber is of a form and construction ospecially adapted to bear the intense heat of
the combustion and is by preference of tubular straight form placed horizontally and
lined with firebricks. When the combustion takes place in this chanibor there is no
impingement of the intonsoly heated gas on any projecting parts or on arches or

page_text: chamber sustains no damage.
The air to support the combustion must be admitted so as to cause the combustion
to take place in the flaming chamber and not in the regenerators beyond. A good
and convenient way to do this is to admit the air through passages in the brick work
running backwards from the Regenerator end of the flaming chamber towards the
Producer and where it comes out of the passages and meets the gas from the Producer.
By this means a double useful effect can be secured; viz. the cold air entering and
travelling along the passages helps to keep the brickwork cool and the air in passing
along is partially heated before meeting the gas and thus assists in effecting perfect
combustion.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS,
Fig. 1 is a view part in elevation and part in vertical section and fig. 2 a plan of
apparatus for the production of water gas under our invention. a represents a water
gas producer and ba regenerator these parts may be of any usual or suitable
construction. c is a flaming or burning chamber interposed between the producer
and regenerator. The said chamber is preferably in the form of a horizontal
cylinder and has fire resisting walls. d way leading from the said chamber to the
producer e opening to the regenerator. passages through the brickwork of the
chamber c opening at the end near the regenerator into an annulus g and at the end
near the producer into the chamber c. way from the regenerator leading to a steam
jet i. j steam pipe. k exhaust pipe. valve to the exhaust pipe. m valve to the
annulus g.
n shaft for giving motion to the said valves and also to the other valves
usual in apparatus of the above class.
The action is as follows-when producer gas is being made the valves land m are
open and the said producer gas passes by the way d into the flaming or burning
chamber c where it meets with air flowing through the passages and is burned, the
products of combustion then pass down through the regenerator and are drawn off
therefrom and expelled through the exhaust pipe by the action of the steam jet i.
When the fuel in the producer is sufficiently heated the valves land m are closed and
steam is caused to flow up the regenerator through the flaming or burning chamber and
down through the fuel in the producer.
It will be obvious that details of construction may be considerably modified without
departing from our invention for instance in fig. 3 the flaming chamber between the
producer and the regenerator is disposed above the producer in a vertical position.
The same letters refer to parts equivalent to those shown in figs. 1 and 2.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that
what we claim is.
First. Heating steam in the production of water gas by means of the combustion
of producer gas substantially as set forth.
Second. The combination of a producer and regenerator with an interposed flaming
or burning chamber for the purpose set forth.
Third. Constructing flaming or burning chambers in water gas apparatus with air
heating passages substantially as set forth.
Fourth. Apparatus for producing water gas having a flaming or burning chamber
and controlling valves substantially as set forth.
Dated this 20th day of June 1889.
Per pro J. T. KING,
J. Johnson, Agent.