IMPROVE- MENTS IN DRIVING APPARATUS FOR HAIR BRUSHING AND SHAMPOOING BY MACHINERY
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Appleton Browne and John Knight, of
Altrincham, in the County of Chester, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN DRIVING APPARATUS FOR HAIR BRUSHING AND SHAMPOOING BY
MACHINERY."
Sealed the 24th November 1865, and dated the 31st May 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Appleton Browne
and John Knight at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 31st May 1865.
We, THOMAS APPLETON BROWNE and JOHN KNIGHT, of Altrincham, in the
County of Chester; do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN DRIVING APPARATUS FOR HAIR BRUSHING AND SHAMPOOING BY
MACHINERY," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in placing on the driving shaft any number of
arms so that they can be moved either way in a rotary direction. Each arm
carries a double pulley, one groove corresponding with a pulley on the driving
shaft and the other groove corresponding with the pulley to which the brush
is connected, for the purpose of enabling the driving straps or bands to be
always tight in any position in which the arm and brush is placed. The back

page_text: of each arm is connected to a spring or weight of sufficient power to balance
or overcome the weight of the other, so that the arm and brush shall rise out
of the way when not in use.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Appleton Browne and John Knight in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 29th November 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
APPLETON BROWNE and JOHN KNIGHT, of Altrincham, in the County of Chester,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Thomas Appleton Browne and John Knight, Her special license that
we, the said Thomas Appleton Browne and John Knight, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Thomas Appleton
Browne and John Knight, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN DRIVING APPARATUS FOR HAIR BRUSHING AND SHAMPOOING BY
MACHINERY," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Thomas
Appleton Browne and John Knight, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Thomas Appleton Browne and John
Knight do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement (that is to say):-
This Invention consists in placing on any number of bearings of the driving
shaft, or on the driving shaft itself any number of arms so that they can be
moved either way in a rotary direction. Each arm carries a two-grooved

page_text: pulley, one groove.corresponding with a pulley fixed to the driving shaft and
the other groove corresponding with the pulley to which the brush is con-
nected, which arrangement is for the purpose of enabling the brush band to
be always tight in any position in which the brush is placed. A short arm
projecting from the back of each arm is connected to a metal or india-rubber
spring or weight of sufficient power to balance or overcome the weight of the
other end, so that the front arm shall rise out of the way when not in use, and
whatever may be the number of brushes, the foregoing improved apparatus is
applied separately to each.
This Invention will be clearly understood by referring to the figures and
letters on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a side.
elevation, and Fig. 2 a plan of one arrangement of our improved driving.
apparatus for hair brushing and shampooing by machinery; and Fig. 3, a
plan of one of the brushes detached.
The driving shaft is shewn at a; it works in hangers or bearings 6 and 61,
and is turned by a band and pulleys worked by hand or power in the usual
manner. On bosses cast to the bearings 6', or on the shaft itself, is placed,
Joose, the arm c, carrying at the front the pulley d, and at the back the short
arm e, which is connected to the stationary pin f by a spring g, consisting of a
number of india-rubber bands for maintaining the arm in its highest position
when the brush is not in operation. The pulley d has two grooves h, i, the
groove being connected by the band k to the pulley 1, fixed to the driving
shaft a, and the groove i by the brush band m to the pulley n, Figs. 2 and 8,
connected to the brush o, which brush revolves at a quick speed when revolving
motion is given to the driving shaft. The pulley and groove h are always the
same distance from each other whatever may be the position of the arm, and
therefore the band / will be tight as the arm moves up and down, and as the
operator raises or lowers the brush the arm c rises or falls at the same time,
and keeps the brush band m tight on its pulley n without any strain. The
spring g may consist of one piece of elastic band, but we prefer several, in
order that more or less resistance may be given to the arm, according to the
pressure required to be exerted on the brush, it being understood that the
power of the spring must always be sufficient to raise the arm out of the way
when not in use. When desired, we dispense with the spring, and attach one
or more weights to the back arm, or we lengthen the said arm and use an
adjustable weight. In some cases we dispense with the back arm and suspend
the front or main arm by one or more springs to a hook or bolt fixed to an
overhead beam, or we connect it to a cord or chain passing over guide pulleys
and supporting one or more weights.

page_text: When our improved driving apparatus is to be applied to machinery for
brushing and shampooing horses and cattle the arms must be of sufficient
length to allow them to move up and down the required distance, and in this
case weights must be used to raise the arms out of the way when not in
use.
Having now described the nature and particulars of our said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, we desire it to be understood
that we claim in driving apparatus for hair brushing and shampooing by
machinery the employment of an arm in connection with. a spring or weight,
and also a two-grooved pulley and an additional band' for each brush, for the
purpose of keeping the brush band tight in any required position, as all such
improvements are herein described and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet
of Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said Thomas Appleton Browne and John
Knight, have hereunto set my hands and seals, this Twenty-eighth day
of November, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-five.
THOMAS APPLETON BROWNE. (L.s.)
JOHN KNIGHT.
(L's.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered
by the within-named Thomas
Appleton Browne and John
Knight, in the presence of
E. J. HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.