Improvements in Loom Shedding Apparatus.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Feb., 1892-Accepted, 9th July, 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Loom Shedding Apparatus.
I, GUSTAV REUTER of Elberfeld, Rhenish Prussia, Germany Weaver do hereby
leclare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
tatement:-
My invention relates to improvements in looms particularly in the Jacquard
machine and the parts connected therewith and it has for its object the saving of
cards and at the same time to enable the weaver to vary the figuration of the design
by using the same cards.
I attain these objects by the mechanisms illustrated in the accompanying
drawings in which
Figure 1 is a side view of the machine seen from the side of the two cylinders;
Figure 2 is a side view of the same.seen from the other side;
Figure 3 is a view seen from the left side
Figure 4 is a view seen from the right side ( of Fig. 2 ;
Figure 5 is a plan;
Figure 6 is a vertical section;
Figure 7 is a cross section along line I-1 of Fig. 1 ;
Figure 8 is a cross section along line II-II;
Figures 9-14 are detail figures in an enlarged scale showing the arrangement
for saving the cards;
'
Figures 15 (A & B) are two schematical views showing the manner of working of
the said arrangement;
·
Figure 16 shows the manner of uniting the lifting wires;
Figure 17 is a front view of the loom ;
!
Figure 18 is a side view of the same in section.
By this invention a saving of cards is attained partly by using mechanisms
pulling out the needles of the lifting wires at certain moments of, the work so that
these needles are brought out of reach of the lifting blades, partly by arranging the
lifting wires so that two of them are tied to one heddle and by working each of
such two lifting wires or their needles respectively by a separate cylinder, the one
placed above the other in the same batten; these cylinders being and serving as
figure cylinders, whilst a third cylinder arranged on the opposite side of the two
cylinders named serves only for working the leaves making the ground binding of
the fabric, and these leaves I arrange in a new manner; namely in three horizontal
rows one above the other.
With a machine arranged as described broadly I can work in different manners
and I can then produce various sorts of goods; for instance: I can make shawls
having a figurative inner part and a figurative border with the figures in the inner
part changing and I then use the upper cylinder for making the inner part and the
lower cylinder for making the figures of the border or vice versa and I make the
two cylinders in two parts, each part making a separate figure, inasmuch as
the cards are divided in two parts, the one half being provided with holes for one
figure, the holes in the other half giving the other figure. In thus arranging
the cards and cylinders I need not exchange the cards for producing the other
figure...
The new arrangement of the machine also allows to work it with double the
number of lifting wires as is usual and possible in an ordinary machine of same size,
and I can also provide each lifting wire with a separate heddle producing then
a figure of double the size, as is the case when the two wires work together as
stated above. »
:
i) +

page_text: When making goods suitable for ladies dresses for instance, I can work without
the third cylinder, I then join again the two corresponding lifting wires of the
top and bottom cylinder and with the one I work the figure, with the other the
ground binding.
From the above it will be understood that I can work with or without the leaves;
when using them together with a movable needle board I can vary the manner of
the ground binding without changing the cards, and the arrangement of the leaves
in three rows together with that arrangement makes it possible to produce for
instance diamond fields being transplaced and changing in appearance in consequence
of the different manner of binding and the variation of figure.
In the annexed drawings 1 indicates the lever for raising and lowering the
framing 2 of the lifting blades. To this frame are fixed, as usually, the straps or
arms 3 & 3 in which are held the rollers 4 & 4', which are guided in the curves 5
and 5' and thus cause the battens 6 & 6' to swing to and fro when the lifting blades
are raised and lowered.
, :
The batten 6 carries the two cylinders 7 & 7, both serving generally to take up
figure cards. The cylinder 72 in the batten 6 carries only cards for ground-binding
and acting therefore upon the leaves only.. Corresponding to the two cylinders
arrange the lifting blades in an upper row 8 and a lower row 81 the upper lifting
wires are marked 9, the lower ones 9', and 12 & 12' are the corresponding sets of
needles, which follow in such order, that in counting, one set carries the even
numbers the other set the uneven numbers. The lifting wires are guided between
a grate 10 and they rest upon the board 11. The needles for making the ground
are arranged right and left of the upper set of needles.
For each cylinder 1 arrange the-hooks 15; 15' and 152 for turning them forwards
and hooks 16, 161. & 162 for turning them backwards and which reach into the
lanterns 17, 171 & 172, when required.
For the regulation of the cylinders 7 & 7¹ I use the mechanisms 20, 21, 22 & 23
and 20¹, 21', 22¹, 23¹ respectively, consisting in a movable cam and known from
former invention of mine No. 154371891.
Each figure cylinder being provided with this regulator.
Now for pulling forwards the needles so as to bring the lifting wires out of reach
of the lifting blades I have designed the following arrangement shown in detail by
Figs. 9-15. The needle boxes 13 & 131 are each divided in 4 parts, namely, the
two fixed parts 13 and 13 right and left and the two movable parts 13 and 13
in the middle.
vt!
The parts 13 and 13th are moved forwards and backwards by means of the
following mechanism. To the fixed parts 13" and 13 are fastened the brackets 14
and 14' carrying the bars 15, 15 and 151, 15 which pass through the boxes 16*
and 16, 16 and 16. The boxes are screwed or otherwise fastened to the movable
parts 13 and 13th and they enclose cams 17ª 17, 17 and 17, keyed upon the
bars 15, 15, 15 and 151b; at one end arms 18ª, 18b, 18 and 18 are fixed upon
the bars and to the ends of these arms are linked the stays 19, 19b, 19 and 19.
These stays are raised and lowered by hand when required, and they are held in
their position by notches 25 cut in them, and by means of which they are held upon
the angle bracket 26, which is screwed against the frame of the loom for that
purpose.
From the Figures 10, 11, 12 & 15 it will now be seen, that according to the
position of the stays 19, 19, 191 and 19 up or down, the cams 17ª, 17, 17 & 17
on the bars 15", 15, 15 and 15th, when being turned, will pull forwards or back-
wards the movable parts 13h and 13th of the needle boxes, pulling in the same way
and at the same time the needles, because each needle is provided with an eye 27
(Fig. 13) through which a pin 28 is stuck which is fast in the top and bottom of
.the box.
The Figures 10 and 11 show that when the boxes are pulled forwards the lifting
wires are brought out of reach of the lifting blades. Therefore when the cylinders
strike against the needles in such a position they have no influence upon the lifting

page_text: wires, and this arrangement therefore serves the same purpose as if a blind card
had been bound in the chain of cards.
In combination with the device just described I use a new manner of arranging
the leaves of headles and their lifting wires, as will be seen from Figures 6, 8, 17
& 18. The lifting wires 35 and 35' for these leaves of headles are placed right and
left of the other lifting wires, in three rows of eight wires on each side, which serve
for raising and lowering the 2×3×8=48 leaves of headles 34, 34, 342 shown in.
Figures 17 and 18. Two extra lifting wires indicated in Figure 8,-10 instead
of 8 being there shown,-may be used as reserve wires for any other purpose, as it
may be found desirable, for instance. for shifting the needle board.
The warp threads are drawn in groups into the mails of the headles which are at
the same time suspended upon the leaves 34, 34, 342. These leaves are formed of
one lath only, the weights at the bottom end of the headles replacing the lower
lath and by means of this arrangement the shedding may be done by means of the
said leaves of headles, which are governed by the ground cylinder 7ª for making
the ground binding, or the ground binding may also be done by the headles governed
by one of the figure cylinders as indicated above and by thus using one or the other
means for the shedding the design may be varied. When using the harness for
making the ground binding the leaves of headles are set still.
However the arranging of the leaves of headles in three rows and drawing the
warp threads into the mails of the headles of the harness in groups so that they can
be raised by either of the lifting devices has the further advantage that the threads
can be very conveniently inspected and overlooked.
:
Therefore when it is desired to produce, for instance, a shawl or the like, the
design of the inner part of which consists of squares having alternately a plain
ground of a certain binding and a figured design in one row and an other plain
ground of an other binding changing with an other figured design in the following
row, these rows also repeating itselves alternately, then I make the two figures in
the figured squares by means of one of the figure cylinders only, the other making
the figured border of the shawl,-the plain squares, being made by means of the
leaves alone, and after finishing one row of squares, I shift the needle board 29
altering thus the manner of ground binding of the squares and at the same time I
change the figures in the figured squares by now pulling forwards, the other half
of the movable part of the needle box of the respective figure cylinder and with-
drawing the one that was at work while making the preceding row of squares. To
make this fully clear, I must add, that the cards making the inner figured part of
the cloth are divided in a right and left part corresponding to the right and left
movable part of the needle box and one half of the cards is pierced for one figure,.
the holes in the other part giving the other figure, and all what I have to do
therefore to receive an other figure in the figured squares in the middle part of the
cloth, is to pull forwards the corresponding movable part of the needle box and to
push back the other part, so as to bring into action the one that was inactif during
the preceding period of work and set still the one that assisted in making the figures
of the row just finished.
The shifting of the needle board 29 is an operation well known and practiced by
weavers for the sake of changing the binding of the threads. It is generally done
by hand or it may be done by a reserve lifting wire, as stated above. The board
is shifted by one, two, three divisions towards the right or left, so that the needles
guided therein can stand opposite to other sets of holes in the cards which are
pierced according to an other system of binding.
I have stated above that I can join the lifting cords of two lifting wires 9 et 91
belonging to the upper row, and to the lower row respectively, to a common headle
and lift this by either of the wires, as shown in the two positions of Figure 16 or
I can provide each lifting wire with its separate cord and headle and it is evident
that in the latter case, I can produce a design of double the size by means of the
same card as when the two wires or their cords respectively are tied to a headle
common to both.

page_text: .
.
The practical weaver will know to make use of this arrangement in cases where
he finds it suitable for his purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1) In a Jacquard loom a Jacquard machine. having two battens 6 and 6¹, one
on the left side the other on the right side of the machine, the one (61) being
provided with two cylinders 7 and 7' one above the other, the other 6 carrying only
one cylinder 7, the cylinders 7 and 7' serving both as figure and as ground
cylinders, and 72 acting exclusively as ground cylinder.
2) In a Jacquard loom with the cylinders 7 and 71, acting either as figure or as
ground cylinder and the cylinder 72 acting exclusively as ground cylinder, the
combination of the lifting blades arranged in an upper row 8 and a lower row, 8¹
and the corresponding liſting wires, 9 and 91, being so arranged that the even
numbers are actuated by the needles of the one cylinder and the uneven numbers,
by the needles of the other cylinder, and that the cords of two wires (an upper
one and a lower one) may be tied to a common heddle, that it can be raised and
lowered by either of the wires or that each wire may be provided with its own
cord and heddle.
1
3) In a Jacquard loom having cylinders 7, 7' and 72, the cylinder 72 actuating
leaves 34, 34 and 342; arranged in three horizontal rows one above the. other in
combination with the cylinders.7 and 7' the needle boxes 13" and 13¹ having each
two movable middle parts 13 and 13 and connected therewith. cam boxes, 16", 16,
16 and 16 actuated by cams 17ª, 17, 17 and 171b, being fixed on bars 15ª, 15,
-15 and 15, to which are fixed arms and stays 182, 18, 18, and 18 and 19ª, 19,
191 and 19 respectively, the latter, having notches 27 for being supported on
angle 26