Improvements in Drafting and Producing Woven Fabrics, Cutting Jacquard Cards, and in Apparatus for these Purposes.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 30th May, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 27th Feb., 1893-Accepted, 22nd Apr., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Drafting and Producing Woven Fabrics, Cutting
Jacquard Cards, and in Apparatus for these Purposes.
We, ARTHUR GEORGE DAWSON, of Castlefield Works, Vincent Street,
Macclesfield, in the County of Chester, Manufacturer, JAMES ADAMS, Silk
Designer, and FRANK EDWARD ADAMS, Machinist, both of Hollybank, Higher
Hurdsfield, Macclesfield, aforesaid, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:
The object of this invention is to improve the process of drafting woven fabrics,
to facilitate and quicken the cutting of cards for use in Jacquard apparatus from
such draft and also to enable a woven pattern to be produced from the draft without
cutting the cards.
Instead of the draft paper usually employed we provide a web of strips of metal
such as zinc or iron punched and interlaced as hereafter described the lines of the
draft paper being represented by the edges of such strips which in the direction
representing the warp threads we prefer to place at intervals of three millimetres
but we do not confine ourselves to this distance.
one hundred
Such webs may conveniently be employed of such sizes as
one hundred and fifty or two hundred lines in width and of the same length but not
necessarily the same number of lines. We prefer to make them twelve millimetres
in depth but we do not confine ourselves to this depth.
The web may consist of punched strips each strip being the full depth of the
web, but we prefer to construct it of one strip of metal the depth of the web or
thereabouts in one direction and two strips each half the depth of the web in the
other direction.
In this case and if the web be twelve millimetres in depth one edge of each
narrow strip is recessed by punching each recess being three millimetres or
thereabouts in depth and of sufficient width to admit the thickness of the wide
strips.
Both edges of the wide strips are recessed by punching each recess being
three millimetres or thereabouts in depth and of sufficient width to admit the
thickness of the narrow strips.
When a sufficient number of strips to form a web are placed together at each
crossing of the strips and at either side of the web part of the narrow strips will
rest in the recesses of the wide strips and part of the wide strips will rest in the
recesses of the narrow strips each in each.
The recesses are accurately spaced to give the distances required.
The whole web is secured by soldering.
The pattern is indicated on such webs by means of pins consisting of head and
shank arranged in the holes or spaces of the web by such means as are hereafter
described as follows:-
The web is filled by shaking the pins into the holes of the web and for this
purpose the web is covered with loose pins and placed in a shallow box which is
rapidly moved to and fro. The line of movement is coincident with a line from
one corner to the opposite corner of the web.
We next extract such pins as are not necessary to form the pattern and although
this process is to a consideráble extent governed by the character of the pattern
which is being drafted yet we consider the following methods specially important.
We place over a pin filled web a second web of similar construction but with
spaces of four times the area and between these webs we put a stencil or cutting
of paper composition or other material representing the shape we wish to produce.

page_text: We then invert the webs together and certain of the pins meeting with no
obstruction will fall out.
The large spaced web is then placed in a different relative position with the
draft web and the two webs again inverted when more pins will fall out yielding as
a result the shape of the stencil intact and the remainder of the web occupied by
pins so arranged that there is a pin in each alternate hole both in the direction
representing the warp and in the direction representing the weft.
Sheets of material having perforations of various arrangements each perforation
sufficiently large to allow the head of the pin to pass through may then be placed
between the webs so that further pins fall out and the pattern is modified as
required.
:
Such arrangements of perforations may represent any groundworks or bindings
of the figure of the pattern and if only a portion of the pattern is to be so acted
upon the remainder of the pattern may be protected by inserting pieces of paper
between the webs wherever required.
If the draft work he of intricate character we place a pin filled web directly
over an empty web and put a sheet of paper or other material between the
two webs.
Pins as required by the pattern are then pressed down into the paper by any
suitable means and if the webs be then inverted the paper will retain such pins as
have been pressed down to form the pattern.
To draw out single pins we employ a pointer which has been magnetised and to
which the pins adhere or they may be drawn out very expeditiously by means of
an air pump. For this purpose we employ a length of flexible indiarubber tubing
attached at one end to a suitable receptacle and at the other end to a short length
of glass tubing suitably shaped for guiding across the web. Air is exhausted from
the receptacle by means of an air pump and when the end of the tube is brought
over a pin in the draft the pin is immediately drawn up and along the tube into the
receptacle.
If it be desired to copy an arrangement of pins from one web to another web
we employ a machine which we term a copying machine and which will be described
hereafter.
In addition to the before described general methods we are enabled by this inven-
tion to adopt various means of similar character to facilitate the process of drafting
suitable to the character of the various patterns and fabrics.
If the draft be a representation of more than one shuttle we adopt means by
which the reading in machine hereafter described is enabled to read in the different
shuttles as required.
For this purpose we raise certain of the pins in relief.
When the draft represents more than one shuttle. such as two shuttles we raise
the pins representing one of the shuttles and in addition to these there will also be
pins representing both shuttles which we raise in further relief preferably by
employing pins of greater length.
In order to raise the work of a shuttle in relief we place the draft web directly
over an empty web and between the two webs we put a piece of paper or other
suitable material and press down into the paper all pins which do not represent the
shuttle required to be in relief.
The pins in relief thus rest upon the paper.
The draft being completed may then be placed in a reading in machine described.
as follows.
A row of vertical needles slides up and down above a horizontal travelling table
which carries the webs. The table travel is controlled by pins placed in the webs
for the purpose hereafter described.
Resting on each vertical needle is a light horizontal bar which at the front end
is of a depth equal to the relief of the pins or thereabouts. We prefer each relief
of the pins to be four millimetres or thereabouts but we do not confine ourselves
to this amount of relief.

page_text: The above mentioned horizontal bars towards their front ends rest upon the
vertical needles and at their back ends bear against a row of vertical bars each
recessed at the upper end to form a double hook and which will hereafter be referred
to as hooks.
By means of horizontal movement each horizontal bar is capable of pushing a
corresponding hook on and off a lifting grid.
To the lower end of each hook are attached cords which pass round a roller to
the apparatus hereafter described.
The action of the machine is as follows. The row of needles moves down into a
row of draft holes or spaces and wherever there is a pin the needle will be raised
thus raising its horizontal bar.
A selecting bar or edge then moves in a horizontal direction and presses back
such horizontal bars as have not been raised by the needles thereby pressing
back corresponding hooks clear of the rising grid which lift up all hooks not so
pressed back.
If the draft have pins in relief as before described it is necessary that the needles
should descend into the same row of draft spaces more than once.
For this purpose the travel of the table is controlled by certain pins placed in
the webs at the requisite intervals by means of cords connected with corresponding
hooks.
The selecting bar has an additional edge capable of movement through a vertical
distance of four millimetres or thereabouts such movement also being controlled by
draft pins. Such edge is placed a little above the edge employed in reacting in
single shuttle patterns.
By these means the needles descend into a row of draft spaces the selecting bar
presses back hooks corresponding with the empty draft spaces and with the pins
not in relief such selection is registered and then the needles descend a second time
into the same row of draft spaces the upper selecting edge is raised four millimetres
or thereabouts and hooks are pressed back corresponding with the empty draft
spaces and with the pins not in relief.
By the first descent hooks corresponding with one shuttle remain unlifted and
by the second descent hooks corresponding with the second shuttle remain unlifted
and hooks corresponding with the pins of highest relief remain unlifted by both
descents.
By these means we are enabled to register any intricate pattern.
The various parts of the machine above described may be actuated from a shaft
passing from end to end of the machine.
The cords from the hooks above mentioned pass from the reading in machine to
a suitable card cutting machine arranged in sets to enable different sizes of cards
to be cut by tightening or slackening different sets of such cards. Cords from the
reading in machine may also pass to a copying machine before referred to and
which may be described as follows:-
In the copying machine a pin filled web is inverted and the pin heads slide over
a row of keys so arranged that there is a key beneath each pin of the row.
The web is then traversed and as each row of pins rests over the row of keys
certain of the keys are withdrawn by the aforesaid cords and support being with-
drawn corresponding pins fall out and inasmuch as the cords are controlled by the
original arrangement of pins placed in the reading in machine a copy thereof is
produced in the copying machine. This machine may also be employed for the
purpose of drafting by placing in the reading in machine a web in which only the
outlines of the pattern have been worked together if required with stencils as
before referred to placed upon the web and in addition and simultaneously
controlling the before mentioned keys by a set of ordinary Jacquard cards.
In such case the pattern produced will be a reproduction of the forms in the
reading in machine modified by the Jacquard cards which may represent ground-
works such as twill or satin.

page_text: Cords from the reading in machine also pass to a trial weaving apparatus which
may be described as follows.
The cords from the reading in machine pass along the upper part of a frame-
work of any length in order to accommodate any number of trial warps such warps
being placed at right angles to the cords above mentioned.
Immediately above each warp a harness is hung connecting the threads of the
warp with the cords.
Simple means are provided for throwing the various warps in and out of work
and enabling a trial pattern to be produced direct from the draft by means of the
reading in machine and cords as described.
'
For convenience the draft may sometimes be travelled to and fro in the machine
so that the selection may proceed continuously in either directions. To accomplish
this we make a double copy of the draft on one web by such means of copying as are
before described in such a manner that the pattern proceeds on alternate rows in
opposite directions in other words the pattern begins at one end and proceeds on
alternate rows until the last row is reached which adjoins the first row of the
pattern in the other direction. The travelling is controlled as before by pins placed
in the web.
It may also be convenient to weave portions of a pattern without employing the
principal selecting machine and for this purpose the web may be constructed as
before described but having the wide strips circular in shape so that the web is
cylindrical in form. In such a machine simple horizontal and vertical needles and
hooks may be employed to select and raise the pattern and the drafting may be
performed as before described by taking a single or double copy on alternate rows
of draft spaces.
The pins are supported by a semi circular plate placed beneath the cylindrical
web.
A. G. DAWSON.
J. ADAMS.
F. E. ADAMS.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Drafting and Producing Woven Fabrics, Cutting
Jacquard Cards, and in Apparatus for these Purposes.
We ARTHUR GEORGE DAWSON, of Castlefield Works, Vincent Street
Macclesfield, in the County of Chester, Manufacturer, JAMES ADAMS, Silk
Designer, and FRANK EDWARD ADAMS, Machinist, both of Hollybank, Higher
Hurdsfield, Macclesfield aforesaid, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
The object of this invention is to improve the process of the drafting woven
fabrics to facilitate and quicken the cutting of cards for use in Jacquard apparatus
from such draft and also to enable a woven pattern to be produced from the draft
without cutting the cards.
For these purposes we employ instead of the usual squared draft paper and dots
of paint a draft web which is a metallic representation of the draft paper and we
indicate the pattern by means of pins placed in the interstices of such draft web.
The draft or portion of the draft is then placed in a machine which we term a
reading-in machine which registers the pattern for the purposes of card cutting
weaving and drafting as hereafter described.
The web may be produced by superposing correspondingly perforated parallel
sheets of metal so that the perforations of the several sheets are exactly in line
with each other. We prefer to construct it as follows:-
The web may consist of single strips such as ab Figure 1 but we prefer to employ

page_text: two strips ce in one direction and one strip d punched along both edges in the other
direction as shown in Figures 2. The strips e are placed in the recesses e d of d and.
the strips c are placed in the recesses c d of d as shown in plan view so that at each
crossing of the strips and at either side of the web part of the narrow strips will
rest in the recesses of the wide strips and part of the wide strips will rest in the
recesses of the narrow strips each in each. Figure 3 shows a plan of the
completed web.
In the direction representing the warp we prefer the strips to be placed at.
intervals of three millimetres but not necessarily at this distance representing
the weft.
The whole web is secured by soldering. The webs may be conveniently of one
hundred or two hundred spaces in width and of corresponding length. The pattern
is indicated on such webs by means of pins consisting of head and pointed shank
arranged in the holes or spaces of the web the head being sufficiently large to.
prevent falling through the web.
The pattern can be made either by inserting pins into an empty web or as is.
generally more convenient the pins which are not required may be removed from a
full web.
The web is filled by shaking the pins into the holes of the web and for this.
purpose the web is placed in a shallow box and covered with loose pins.
The box is then rapidly moved to and fro the direction of movement being
coincident with a line from one corner of the web to the opposite corner of the web
and the pins being violently shaken fall point downwards into the holes of
the web.
The drafting is next performed by manipulating the pins in connection with a sheet.
of paper or like material hereinafter called a locking paper which is placed between
a filled web and an empty web as hereafter described-or the drafting may be
performed by directly extracting the pins. We will now describe the methods of
drafting by means of the locking paper. The outline of the pattern is first drawn
upon a sheet of paper which may be marked with suitable guiding lines. This.
paper is then placed in position between a pin filled web and an empty web with
the drawing on the underside of the paper. The pins in the upper or pin filled web
are then pressed down so that their points pass through the locking paper. The
filled web is then removed and inverted the pins being retained by the paper and.
remain in the web. The lines of the drawing can be seen between the pins and by
means of a pointer of convenient shape the points of the pins are pressed down and
out of the locking paper and therefore fall out of the web leaving in the web the.
pins necessary to form the pattern. Another method of drafting by means of the
locking paper is to place such paper between a filled web and an empty web when
the pins in the filled web will rest upon the paper and stand in relief. By
mechanical means as hereafter referred to or by means of handwork certain of
the pins are pressed into the locking paper. If the pins standing in relief are not
required to remain in relief they may be removed by reversing the webs when the
pins that have been pressed down are retained by the paper and remain in the web
but all others fall out.
Instead of a full sheet of locking paper being used a stencil cutting of paper
representing the shape we wish to produce may be inserted between the webs. In
this case pins will be raised in relief thereby corresponding with the shape of the
inserted paper. The outline may be perfected by pressing pins into the locking
paper stencil and the draft placed in the machine with the pins remaining in
relief.
When the draft represents the work of more than one shuttle such as two shuttles
the draft is placed in the reading-in machine with the work of one shuttle standing
in relief so as to enable the machine to select separately the work of either shuttle
and in addition to these two heights of pins there may also be pins representing
both shuttles and which will stand at a third height, in this case the reliefs are
obtained as follows. In Figure 4 e is the empty web and d is the draft web.

page_text: containing pins. f is the locking paper. If it be required to place the pins a b c at
three different levels the webs are first separated by the insertion of a spacing g
Pins ab are then pressed down so that their heads rest on the web d. The inserted
piece is then removed when the pins will stand as shown at Figure 5. Pins a are
then again pressed down on to the web d thus yielding the three heights a b c as
shown in Figure 6.
We will now describe methods of drafting by extracting the pins. If it be
desired to produce the pattern shown in Figure 7 we place over a pin filled web a
second web A Figure 8 with spaces of larger area and between these webs we place
a stencil or cutting of paper or composition B.
The webs are inverted together and certain of the pins fall out.
The large spaced web is then placed in a different relative position with the filled
web and the webs again inverted other pins will fall out yielding as a result the
pattern shown in Figure 9. A sheet of material such as is shown in Figure 10
having an arrangement of perforations may then be inserted and the webs again
inverted one or more times as required until the pattern shown at Figure 7 is
produced.
In other patterns such arrangements of perforations may represent ground works
or bindings of the figure and if only a portion of the pattern is to be so acted upon
the remainder of the pattern may be protected by inserting pieces of paper between
the webs wherever required.
Portions of the work upon one draft may be copied in reverse on to another draft
by placing one draft over the other as shown in Figure 11 thus raising the pins a
corresponding with the pins of the lower web.
The pins a can next be extracted by employing a comb Figure 12 which may
consist of any number of points a. The points are passed between the rows and
under the heads of the pins and by raising the comb the pins are raised out of
the web.
If
For the purpose of extracting pins representing the binding of the figure the
comb may also be employed as follows. The draft web is placed in a vertical
position and the pins pressed forward so that they project in front of the web.
the sheet of material Figure 10 is then pressed against the pins they are all forced
back into the web excepting such as are opposite to the perforations which remain
unmoved and project in front of the web. The points of the comb may then be
passed under the pin heads and such pins drawn entirely out of the web.
Pins may be extracted from the web by means of magnetised needles to which
the pins adhere. Pins may also be extracted by means of an air pump. For this
purpose we employ a length of flexible tubing attached at one erd to a suitable
receptacle and at the other end to a short length of glass tubing suitably shaped
for guiding across the draft. Air is exhausted from the receptacle by means of an
air pump and when the end of the tube is brought over a pin in the draft the pin is
immediately drawn up and along the tube into the receptacle.
In order to facilitate the operation of drafting elements only of the draft may be
worked and placed in the reading-in machine which will result in a more complete
draft being produced and for this purpose it is very convenient to employ a web
half filled with pins so arranged that there is a pin in each alternate draft hole
both in the direction representing the warp and in the direction representing the
weft. A web filled in this manner we term a "tabby" web and drafting thereon
we term drafting on "tabby."
It is usually required that the outline of the pattern should not be delineated by
means of two or any even number of adjacent pins in the lines of the warp or the
weft but by one three or other odd number of adjacent pins and as tabby is the
basis of this arrangement drafting on tabby at once yields the elements of a correct
outline.
From the "tabby" draft a complete draft may be produced automatically in a
copying machine so arranged that a single pin of the "tabby" draft separated by
at least two holes from any pin in the same row is reproduced by a single pin but

page_text: I
adjacent pins as shown by Figures 13 and 14 which are respectively the Laboy!
draft and complete draft of the same patch of pattern.
We will next describe the drawings of the machines.
Figure 15 is a front view of the reading in machine.
Figure 16 is a section at x-x Figure 15 looking to the right showing the
mechanism enclosed by the end plate A.
:
Figure 17 is a section at -y Figure 15 looking to the left showing the middle
part of the machine.
The reading in machine consists of a table H. travelling on rails h¹ Figure 15
carrying the webs M.
A row of vertical needles E Figures 15 and 17 slides up and down on to the web.
Certain of the needles rest on pins in the web and are raised thereby raising
corresponding light horizontal bars g g¹ Figure 17 which rest on the needles.
Selecting edges f¹ and f² then press back certain of the bars g g' &c. thereby
pressing back corresponding hooks D on or off lifting edges 3 and 6' which are
part of a rising grid 6.
The grid 2 rises and draws up the selected hooks pulling corresponding cords DD
which connect the hooks with the other machines herein described.
The motions of the machine are as follows.
A rocking motion is conveyed to a shaft B from some source of power. The
grid 62 rests upon racks & Figure 16 which engage in toothed segments 6 secured
to shaft B.
The selecting bar F is supported by: sliders f" and is moved to and fro in
connection with the shaft B by means of the connecting links bf Figure 17.
The needles E slide through bearings e¹ and e² and are bent at their upper ends
and rest in the spaces of a reed e.
The bearings e and the reed e are attached to a bar e³.
The bar e is raised and lowered by means of the uprights et Figure 16 the arms e*
and the rocking shaft o.
The shaft o is rocked by means of the cam 6' Figure 18 fixed to the shaft B and
the arm o¹ secured to o.
,
The table H carries a double stepped rack Figures 15 and 17 with teeth sloping
in either direction so that the table may move in either direction.
The pawls ³ ³ ³ nº engage in the racks unless withdrawn by means of the
cords n n.
The cords are attached to special hooks in the machine and by
placing pins in the web any of the pawls can be withdrawn and the travel of the
table automatically controlled.
The pawls are pivotted at n* to a bar n' which is moved to and fro by the
rocking shaft N.
The shaft N is actuated by the cam 67 (Figures 15, 16 and 19) and the arm n b
which is secured to the shaft N.
The shaft N also carries an arm & Figures 15 and 19 with a counterweight n³
and to which is pivotted the upright setter bar fn Figure 19..
The barn is in loose contact with a projection f" of an arm f' which is attached
to a rocking shaft f³ carried by the bar F Figures 15, 16 and 17.
;
The barn is thrown in and out of contact with the projection f" by means of a
cord Figure 19.
When fn is in contact with f" the shaft f³ is rocked by the rising of fn.
By means of the shaft the bar Figure 17 which is in sliding contact with
the bar F is raised and lowered and by this means variation in the selection of the
bars g g' &c. is produced.
The cord Figure 19 is pulled when required by being connected with a
special hook controlled by pins placed in the web thus determining the position of
the edge Figure 17.
When it is required to make two separate selections from one row of draft holes
the needles descend with the edge f2 in the position shown in Figure 17 when bars

page_text: in the same position as 9 are pressed back by fl and bars in the position of gare
pressed back by f². Pins are placed in the web to withdraw the pawls and to
prevent the cord f10 Figure 19 being pulled.
The grid and hooks then rise the cords nn are pulled and the table remains
unmoved. The setter fn falls to position shown in dotted lines at fn' Figure 19
and arm is not raised thus raising the edge f Figure 17 and when the next
selection takes place bars g are pressed back by f¹ and bars g² by 2 thus registering
the work of two shuttles from one row of draft spaces.
The cords D D pass to an ordinary card punching press also to the copying or
drafting machine hereafter described and also to a trial weaving loom provided to
enable a trial pattern to be woven without cutting the cards.
It may often be convenient for the draft to travel to and fro in the reading in
machine so that the selection may proceed continuously in either direction.
To accomplish this we make a doubled copy of the draft on one web in such a
manner that the pattern proceeds on alternate rows in opposite directions; in other
words the pattern begins at one end of the web and proceeds on alternate rows
then returning by the intermediate rows until the last row is reached which adjoins
the first row of the pattern. The travel of the table is controlled by pins placed
in the web as previously described.
Figure 19 is a diagram of such a draft. In the use of the draft the alternate
lines are first employed and then in succession the intermediate lines previously
passed over finishing at the same end as the commencement and ready for immediate
repetition.
Figure 20 is a section through the middle of the drafting or copying machine
showing the arrangement of the cords, and
Figure 21 is a side elevation of the machine.
This machine consists principally of a table R carrying the webs and pins the
latter standing in relief on locking paper a b, between the webs a vertical row of
needless and a set of levers p certain of which according to selection fall on to
the needles and drive corresponding draft pins in the locking paper. The selection
is brought about by cords DD from the reading in machine modified by the action
of Jacquard cards placed on cylinders t and t
The selection of the cords DD is primarily registered by a set of lever hooks T
this selection is then conveyed to the operating levers p by means of the cords t.
The levers T rest on the edge T' they are weighted at one end by the weight
rods to so that they tend to rise into contact with a selecting edge T₁ which moves
forward and pulls the cords t and controls the levers p.
The cords D D2 are attached to hooks A B sliding in a box which are
connected with wire loops A C for the purposes of detaching and altering
position.
The loops AC have cords t2 passing down to weighted rods to.
When a cord D D2 is pulled a rod t is raised and the end of a corresponding
lever T being deprived of counterweight falls away from the edge T'.
Thus a selection may be obtained by levers T corresponding with the original
pattern in the reading in machine. This selection is conveyed to levers p by the
cords t.
The action of the cords D D² may be modified by placing Jacquard cards on the
cylinder when the action of the cords D D² will only be effective where there are
holes in the cards.
The cords DD' from the reading in machine are for the purpose of producing a
complete draft from a portion only placed in the reading in machine.
The action of the cords D D' and their weights a¹ and 6' may be described by
reference to Figures 22, 23, 24, and 25 which are diagram views of the levers T
and certain weights a¹ and 6' and also Figure 13 which is the original of a small
piece of pattern and Figure 14 which is the completed pattern produced in the
machine.
Figure 22 is a plan diagram view of the levers T and to make the explanation

page_text: 443
spaces Figure 13.
aa and 62-68 are two sets of weights each weight being attached to one
cord D D' each weight rests upon three levers T.
The two sets of weights are alternately lifted off the levers so as to render the
other set effective only.
When the needles of the reading in machine fall onto row c of the pattern
Figure 13 needle 5 will be arrested and a corresponding weight a will be raised as
shown in Figure 23 allowing lever 5 to rise. This lever is drawn forward by the
bar T¹ Figure 20 and the effect registered.
The weights a are next rendered inoperative by means hereafter described. The
needles in the reading in machine descend on to row d of the draft. Figure 13
raising weights 6 and 66 Figures 22 and 24 allowing levers 4, 5, 6 to rise. This
selection is registered and the next row selected resulting in weights 3, 5, 7 being
lifted allowing levers 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Figure 25 to rise and so on to the end of the
pattern when the pattern Figure 14 is produced from the original Figure 13.
If a stencil cutting be placed in the reading in machine a similar effect is
produced inasmuch as each alternate needle is alternately rendered practically
ineffective the needles thus working tabby. The weights a and b as shewn in the
Figure 20 consist of wire loops resting on three levers attached by cords to the
weights a and b. The cords are looped so that they may be suspended on bars a a
and bb and by the alternate lowering of bars a a and b the two sets of weights
are alternately brought to bear on the levers T. The levers p are selected in
accordance with the selection of the levers T as follows.
The cords & Figures 20 and 21 are attached to the ends of the levers p and when
such cords are pulled the ends of levers p are raised. A selecting edge p* then
presses forward all levers p which have not been lifted.
The front ends of the levers p are supported by a bar p' which moves up and
down and when the bar p² moves down as shewn the levers p will rest on a
platforms and the levers p' on a false support s¹. The needless move down at
the same time as the bar p² and when the descent is completed the support s' is
withdrawn underneath the platform st and the levers p' fall driving corresponding
pins into the locking paper.
In addition to the action of the cords t on the levers p further levers p¹ are
raised by means of cords t¹ which are connected with weighted rods t'.
The rods t' are brought into contact with jacquard cards on the cylinder t so that
wherever there is a hole in the card, a corresponding lever p¹ will be lifted. The
motions of the machine are as follows.
A shaft Figure 21 has motion imparted to it from the reading in machine by
gearing not shewn. A connecting bar x¹ conveys motion to a rocking shaft v. The
shaft v raises the har p² Figure 20 by means of the bar s¹². The needless and the
reed 2 Figure 20 are arranged in a similar manner to those of the reading in
machine and are attached to a bar s3 which is also raised by the shaft v by means
of the connections 16 Figure 21.
v
The shaft also moves the selecting bar T' by means of the connecting bars T³
and the arms T with studs working in slots in the bars T³.
The rods t and the rods to are lifted by rocking shafts and v². The bars a a
and b b are raised by the shaft and a support t" is brought alternately under a a
and b b.
The alternate movement is derived from projections t¹ on the cylinder to which
press against a flexible part 10 of the setter ".
Motion is conveyed to rocking shafts v¹² by the connecting bars x²x²x².
The table R carrying the webs is travelled by means of stepped racks and pawls
similar to those described in connection with the reading in machine.
The selection of the levers p is performed as follows,
The selecting edge p* is attached to a rocking shaft p³.

page_text: The shaft p carries an arms and a bar s" which is struck by the stud 517 so
that the selecting edge is moved outwards from the levers.
A bar p' is attached to shaft p' by the arms s¹0 and connecting bars & and presses
all levers back ready for selection.
When the stud
makes a selection.
descends the edge p' is drawn forward by the spring s" and
The false support s¹ is attached to a shaft s which carries a finger
engages with a weighted lever s².
which
When the bar moves back a projections bears against s moving the lower
end away from s until s can rise. The shaft s is then locked in position.
When the bars 83 p² 12 have completed their descent and the needles rest upon
the draft pins a projection s¹³ presses down the lever s which releases which is
pulled by spring and the support s¹ springs under the platform depriving
levers p' of support so that they fall and drive pins into the locking paper.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The use of webs having some of their holes stopped by loose pins whose
heads either rest on the web or stand up above it in relief which arrest the descent
of some of the row of needles or points controlling the punches for punching the
jacquard cards or the warps in the loom.
2. Arresting the movement of the needles or points controlling the punches for
punching jacquard cards or the warps in the loom by means of pins stuck into paper
or the like.
3. Producing drafts by first placing pins or other stops in each alternate space
only (both in the direction representing the warp and in the direction representing
the weft) of those it is desired to fill and then mechanically producing a copy of
such draft in which the spaces between the said alternate spaces are filled up.
4. Producing drafts by arresting the movement of each alternate needle or
point by means of a stencil or tabby-pins and then mechanically producing a copy
of such draft in which the spaces between the said alternate needles are filled up.
5. The method of inserting the pins referred to in Claim 1 into their proper
places consisting in .placing a sheet of paper or like material beneath a full web,
pressing down through the paper the points of the pins to be retained, and reversing
the web so that the pins not retained by the paper drop out.
6. The method referred to in the preceding claim omitting the last step so that
the heads of some of the pins remain at a higher level than the heads of the
others.
7. The method of drafting and producing woven fabrics illustrated by Figure 19*
which consists in making a doubled or alternate draft and in the use of such draft
traversing to and fro substantially as described.
8. A reading in machine having two selecting edges and in which the needles
descend twice into the same row of the pattern.
9. The methods of drafting and producing woven fabrics, and cutting jacquard
cards substantially as described.
10. The apparatus for drafting and producing woven fabrics and cutting jacquard
cards substantially as described and shewn in the drawings.
Dated this 16th day of February 1893.
A. G. DAWSON.
J. ADAMS.
F. E. ADAMS.