Year: 1888

page_text: I, PHILIP SHERIDAN STOKES, of Tennent, in the County of Monmouth, and State
of New Jersey, United States of America, Rasp Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows .-
-
This Invention relates to an improved rasp punching machine and to an improved
rasp the product of the machine
The machine comprises an inclined bed frame with supports a sliding feed table
on which the rasp blank is held while being cut by the chisel or punch. The punch is
secured in a stock which is pivoted above the table so that the punch will have a
yielding and backward swinging action at the top while the point is entering the rasp
blank for lifting the tooth, this backward movement of the upper end of the stock
being against the pressure of springs contained in sockets made in the anvil frame
and held up to their work by bolts passed through the springs. These springs return
the stock and punch to normal position, that is, to position to bring the punch upright
after each blow of the bammers, and they also prevent the tilting of the punch too
readily until the point of the punch has entered the blank sufficiently to form the
point of the tooth. Two hammers are provided for driving the chisel or punch into
the rasp blank which hammers are respectively elevated by cams against the pressure
of springs and permitted to drop, delivering their blows, one preceding the other
upon the stock and punch.
The anvil frame is attached to a horizontal arm of the main frame of the machine
by dovetailed ways at each side, but any suitable means of attaching the anvil frame
to the arm which will permit up and down movement may be adopted in place of
the said dovetail ways.
A foot held by the anvil frame serves in connection with a
sliding plate and weighted lever to hold the rasp blank firmly upon the bed.
The said anvil frame receives no lateral movement but the stock and punch are
intermittently moved transversely across the blank to form the rows of teeth. The
power for thus moving the stock and punch is derived from a cam which reciprocates
a lever connected by a rod to a slide block held in fixed ways and to which another

page_text: connecting rod attached to the anvil frame is pivoted. By pivoting the latter rod to
the slide, the anvil frame is free to move up and down the short space required to
clear the punch from the teeth forined in the blank, the first of these connecting rods
not being connected directly to the lever but to a vertically adjustable plate, so that
the distance of each intermittent movement of the slide block may be varied to form
teeth of greater or less size in the blank
The cam is turned intermittently to impart the above described motion to the punch
preferably by a pawl and ratchet motion operated from a crank pin through a rock
shaft lever and connecting rods, the pawl being held up to the ratchet by a link
pivoted on the cam shaft and acted upon by a spring for holding said pawl in contact
with the teeth of the ratchet wheel. The crank pin is carried by a pinion revolved
from the main shaft through another pinion and large intermediate gear wheel. The
main shaft carries the before mentioned cams which lift the hammers, the central cam
lifts the inner hammer which is by preference enclosed by the other hammer which
18 made tubular for that purpose The upper end of the inner hammer works through
a pivoted arm of the frame and the spring of said hammer is comparatively light
and the cam which operates it, precedes the double cam which operates the other
hammer, so that with every revolution of the main shaft and the cams, this hammer
will be lifted and will deliver a light preparatory blow upon the anvil frame before
the main hammer descends The spring of the main hammer is very strong so that
the blow delivered by the hammer will sink the punch the proper distance into the
rasp blank and lift the teeth the proper height The pressure of the hammer springs
may be regulated by an adjusting screw acting on the pivoted arm By the employ-
ment of the two hammers as described, one delivering a light blow preceding the
heavy blow of the other, the point of each tooth is made very perfect and sharp and
danger of breaking the point of the punch is in a great measure obviated.
With each blow of the hammers upon the anvil frame, the punch stock and the
punch are shifted one tooth until a row of teeth are formed across the rasp blank. At
this time the feed table is moved upward in its inclined guide frame, the distance of
the space between the rows of teeth, by a feed screw, so that the opposite intermittent
transverse movement of the punch will form another row of teeth across the blank
and with each row of teeth formed, the feed screw will be turned, moving the feed
table and blank upward to the punch The feed screw is revolved intermittently by
pawl and ratchet gear operated from a crank pin on the large gear wheel through a
connecting rod sliding through an eye pivoted to a rock lever, the connecting rod
having a collar on it so that the down thrust of the rod after the collar strikes the
eye, will depress the lever arm, rock its shaft and another arm attached thereto, and
through another connecting rod and lever arm rock an inchned shaft to an arm on
which the pawl is pivoted which engages with the ratchet wheel on the feed-shaft. In
this manner, with each revolution of the large gear wheel, the feed table and the rasp
blank are given a movement upward the distance of a row of teeth
When the feed table has been moved upward as far as it should go, it is returned
for further action by turning a worm shaft which works in the yoke of the feed table,
the feed screw nut being temporarily disengaged from the feed screw.
In cutting rounded rasps, the blank must be rotated to bring the blank properly
into line with the thrust of the punch, and for this purpose, I make the inclined fixed
bed frame concaved at its upper surface and I form the feed table to correspond so
that the latter may be rocked in its bed frame to properly present a rounded rasp
blank to the point of the punch.
The motion for rocking the feed-table is by preference derived from the lever and
cam which imparts the intermittent transverse motion to the punch by fixing the
lever which said cam operates on a rock shaft having a lever arm connected to an arm
attached to a shaft Journaled above the inclined bed frame and having fixed on it a
toothed segment of a length equal to the length of movement of the feed table and
gearing with a segment attached to the feed table. Thus, the intermittent rotating
movement of the feed table will be coincident with the lateral movement of the
punch which is necessary to the required result.

page_text: rasp
The anvil frame may be lifted to raise the punch out of contact with the blank
and the hammers out of contact with the cams by means of a lever and in connection
with this level, I use a cam lever by which the lever may be conveniently operate!
for the purpose stated The lever and can lever act only upon one side of the anvil
frame. Upon the opposite side is the above referred to weighted lever which is
connected to the presser foot bar and rests in contact with an eccentric attached to
the shaft to which the aforesaid cam lever is secured so that when the said cam lever
is turned, the said eccentric will be turned, causing it to lift the weighted lever, so
that adjustment of the presser foot will be effected at the same time that the hammers
are lifted out of contact with the cams by a movement of the cam lever.
In a modification ratchet gear actuating the cam and its shaft imparting the
intermittent transverse motion to the punch, is actuated directly from the pinion on
the main shaft, omitting the intermediate connections before described, this motion
being effected by means a crank pin, connecting rod, rocking lever, and pawl,
producing the same results as before
In the top of the anvil frame there may be recesses in which the inner hammer
strikes and through the anvil frame and lower end of the hammer are formed
corresponding orihces through which a pin may be pissed for locking the anvil frame
and the inner hammer together so that the said frame will be lifted with the inner
hammer and dropped. This is important in doing light work and enables the machine
to be run quite ripidly In case the work is very light, it is practicable to run the
machine at very high speed, and for this purpose I connect the inner hammer with
the anvil frame and then connect the two hammers together by a set screw, so that
both hammers and the anvil frame will be operated as one.
In forming the teeth, the cutting tool or punch is applied to the surface of the
body at nearly a right angle, and is then forced into the plate and at the same
time the punch is gradually lowered to an acute angle with the surface of the plate.
In this manner, the bottom of the recess is curved, so that a greater quantity of
metal is forced into each tooth than would otherwise be the case with the same depth
The advantage of this is, the teeth are brought to a very sharp point or edge
without curling or turning, each tooth is re-enforced by surplus metal forced into the
tooth and the recesses being shallow and curved at the bottom prevent clogging of
the rasp when in use.
of cut
PS STOKES
By A. M & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London,
Patent Agents.

page_text: I, PHILIP SHERIDAN STOKES, of Tennent, in the County of Monmouth, and State
of New Jersey, United States of America, Rasp Manufacturer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement.-
This Invention relates to an improved rasp-punching machine and to an improved
rasp the product of the machine
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this specifi-
cation, in which figure 1 is a front, figure 2 a side, and figure a rear, elevation of
the machine Figure 4 is a sectional elevation taken on line figure 1. Figure 5
is a detailed plan view of a portion of the arm E and the anvil frame. Figure 6 is
a perspective view of the cams for lifting the hammers. Figure 7 is a side elevation
shewing a modification. Figure 8 shews a detail of the return motion of the feed
table Figure 9 shews a modification of the anvil frame and hammers. Figure 10
is an enlarged plan view of a rasp having te th made in accordance with my invention
and figure 11 is a transverse sectional view of the same. Similar letters of reference
indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.
A represents the main upright portion of the frame of the machine, mounted
upon the base A¹. Rising from one corner of the upright A is the post A'
from which extend the pivoted horizontal arm C and the rigid horizontal arm D.
Another horizontal aim E projects from the edge of the upright A and between
this arm and the base is the inclined table F which supports the feed table Fl
on which the rasp blank G is held while being cut by the chisel or punch H
secured in the stock H' which is pivoted on rod H (which is itself supported
in the anvil frame K) so that the punch will have a yielding and backward swinging
action at the top (in the direction of the arrow, figure 4) while the point is entering
the rasp blank for lifting the tooth. The backward movement of the upper end of
the stock H is against the pressure of the springs a acting upon the plate a¹ shewn
clearly in figure 4. The said springs are placed in sockets a² made in the anvil
frame K upon rods a³ passed through the springs and screwed into the said plate a'.
These springs return the stock and punch to normal position, that is to position to
bring the punch in upright position after each blow of the hammers, and they also
prevent the tilting of the punch too readily until the point of the punch has entered
the blank sufficiently to form the point of the tooth JJ' represent two hammers
for driving the chisel or punch H into the rasp blank which haminers are respectively
elevated by the cams ; against springs 13 and permitted to drop delivering their
blows, one preceding the other upon the stock H' and punch H
The said anvil frame K is attached to the horizontal arm E of the main frame of
the machine by the dovetailed ways ³ ³ at each side, as shewn in figure 5, but any
suitable means of attaclung the anvil frame to the arm E which will permit up and
down movement may be adopted in place of the said dovetail ways. The bolt ¹
serves to hold the foot which serves in connection with the sliding plate * and

page_text: weighted lever U³ (see figures 1, 3, and 4) to hold the rasp blank solidly upon the
bed. The bolt works in a slot, shewn in figure 4. The said anvil frame
receives no lateral movement but the stock H¹ and punch H are intermittently
moved transversely across the blank to form the rows of teeth. The power for thus
moving the stock and punch is derived from the cam H³ (see figure 3) which
reciprocates the lever H' connected above its pivot by rod H to the sliding
plate H* held in fixed ways ¹ and to which the rod H' is pivoted. By pivoting the
said rod H to the sliding plate H, the anvil frame K in which the other end of
rod H2 is supported is free to move up and down the short space required to clear
the punch from the teeth formed in the blank. The connecting rod H is not
connected directly to the lever H but to an auxiliary plate H' which is made
vertically adjustable by means of bolts and slots so that the distance of each
intermittent movement of the block H may be varied, to form teeth of greater or
less size in the blank. The cam H³ is turned intermittently, to impart the above
described motion to the punch preferably by the means shewn in figure 2 consisting
of the crank L' on shaft M operated from the pinion L by connecting rod L³, the
arm L on said shaft M, intermediate arm Le, pawl L and ratchet wheel I attached
to the shaft M' on which the cam is secured the intermediate arm L is attached
to the shaft M by a link L' and the pawl L pivoted at the upper end of the said
intermediate arm is acted upon by a spring for holding said pawl in contact with
the teeth of the ratchet wheel The pinion L is revolved from the drive shaft N
through the pinion N¹ and large intermediate gear wheel O
The shaft N carries the above mentioned cams) and 1 (see figure 6) which lift
the hammers J J¹ The central cam 7 lifts the small hammer J' by acting upon the
arm 18 This hammer is by preference enclosed by the hammet J which is made
tubular for that purpose and a slot is formed for the arm 7. The upper end of the
haminer J works in a passage formed in the above mentioned pivoted arm and
the spring of said hammer is comparatively light and the cam 1 precedes the
cams so that with every revolution of the shaft N and the cams, the hammer J¹
will be lifted and will deliver a light preparatory blow upon the anvil frame K before
the main hammer J descend-
The cams ง act upon the arms 26 attached to the
hammer J and the sping of said hammer is very heavy so that the blow delivered
by the hammer J will sink the punch the proper distance into the rasp blank and
hit the teeth the proper height The pressure of the springs may be regulated by
the adjusting screw J which works in the fixed arm D and in a screw cap d attached
to the pivoted aru C. The lower ends of the springs rest upon shoulders formed on
the hammers, as shewn clearly in figure 4 By the employment of the two hammers,
as described, one delivering a light blow preceding the heavy blow of the other, the
point of each tooth is made very perfect and sharp and danger of breaking the point
of the punch is in a great measure obviated
With each blow of the hammers upon the anvil frame, the punch stock and the
punch are shifted one tooth until a row of teeth are formed across the rasp blank G.
At this time the feed table F¹ is moved upward the distance of the space between the
rows of teeth by the feed screw F, so that the opposite intermittent movement
produced by the cam H³ will form another row of teeth across the blank and with
each row of teeth formed, the feed screw F will be turned, moving the feed table F¹
and blank G upward to the punch The said feed screw F2 15 journaled in the
plates mm and is connected to the feed table F by the yoke F, arin F³, and hinged
screw plate F on rod R, and is evolved intermittently from the large gear wheel O
The mechanism for this purpose consists by preference of the shaft P (figures 1 and 2)
arm P' attached thei eto, and the rod P connected to the gear wheel O by the crank
pin p. The rod P passes through an eye p¹ attached to the arm P₁ and is provided
with a collar p so that the down thrust of the rod P2, after collar p² strikes the eye p¹,
will depress the arm P' and turn the shaft P. This movement of the shaft will
elevate the horizontal arm Ps attached to said shaft and, though the connecting
rod P, lift the horizontal arm Q₁ and turn the inclined shatt Q which is provided
with the arm Q³, see figure 1. To this arm is pivoted the pawl Q³ which engages

page_text: "
the ratchet wheel Q attached to the lower end of the feed shaft F. The said pawl
15 held in contact with the said ratchet wheel by the spring In this manner with
each revolution of the large gear wheel, the feed table Fi and the rasp blank are
given a movement upward the distance of a row of teeth After the collar p² has
engaged the eye p¹ the shaft P and all parts connected therewith are returned to
their normal position by the spring g¹ on rod 22 attached to the vertical arm P³
attached to the shaft P, as shewn in figure 2. The pinion L makes five complete
revolutions to a single revolution of the large gear wheel so that the punch will
When the feed
form six teeth in the rasp blank to each of its upward movements
table F has been moved upward as far as it should go, it is returned for further
action by turning the worm shaft R which works m the yoko F', the screw plate F³
being turned back out of engagement with the feed shaft F, as shewn clearly in
figure 8.
In cutting rounded rasps, the blank G must be rotated to bring the blank properly
into line with the thrust of the punch, and for this purpose I make the mclined fixed
table F concaved at its upper surface, as shewn at F, and I form the feed table F¹¹
to correspond so that the latter may be rocked in the table F to properly present a
rounded asp blank to the point of the punch The motion for 1ocking the foed
table is by preference derived from the above described cam H³, lever H, and
pivot which latter is a shaft passing through the trame of the machine and is rotary
reciprocated by the movement of the lever H. To the end of this pivot or shaft h
is secured the vertical arm S, shewn in figures 1 ana This is connected by rod S'
to the arm S2 attached to the shaft S3 journaled on the uprights F F rising from
the inclined bed table F. To this shaft is secured the toothed segmental frame T, of
a length equal to the distance of movement of the feed table F. The teeth of this
segmental frame mesh with the segment T¹ attached to, or formed as, a part of the
lower end of the feed table By this arrangement, it will be seen that the inter-
mittent rotating movement of the feed table F' will be coincident with the lateral
movement of the punch H which is necessary to the required result
The anvil frame K may be lifted to raise the punch H out of contact with the rasp
blank and the hammers out of contact with the cams by means of a lever U pivoted
to the upright A' and projecting under the hip U1, as shewn clearly in figure 4, and
in connection with this lever I use a cam lever U2 by which the lever U may be con-
veniently operated for the purpose stated. The lever U and cam lever U* act only
upon one side of the anvil franic. Upon the opposite side I employ the above referred
to weighted lever U3 which is fulcrumed at 6 and connected to the presser foot
bar (see figure 4) and this lever rests in contact with the eccentric U. This
eccentric is attached to the shaft U to which the cam lever U2 is secured, so that
when the said lever U2 is tuned the said eccentric will be turned causing it to lift the
lever U³, so that adjustment of the presser foot will be effected at the same time
that the hammers are lifted out of contact with the cams by a movement of the
single lever U. In figure 7, I rotate intermittently, the shaft M' and cam H' directly
from the pinion N' omitting the pinion L, shaft M, and the intermediate connections,
shewn in figure 2. This motion from pinion N₁ is effected by means of the crank
pin W, connecting-rod W₁, walking beam W2 on shaft M' and pawl L. The
movement of the walking beam produced by the rod W₁ operates the pawl L' which
engages with the teeth of the ratchet wheel L' and intermittently revolves the
shaft M² and cam H³, producing the same results as is produced by the mechanism
shewn in figure 8 In figure 9 I have shewn the top of the anvil frame K
recessed, as shewn at v, in which the inner hammer J'strikes and through the anvil
frame and lower end of the hammer are formed corresponding onfices through which
a pin 01 may be passed for locking the anvil frame and the inner hammer together,
This is
so that the said frame will be lifted with the inner hammer and dropped
important in doing light work, and enables the machine to be run quite rapidly
In case the work is very light, it is practicable to run the machine at very high
speed, and for this purpose I connect the inner hammer J with the anvil frame K
and then connect the two hammers J J¹ together by a set screw (shewn in

page_text: gures 4 and 3) so that both hammers and the anvil trame will all be operated
as one Refering to figures 10 and 11, Z represents the body or plate of the
rasp, Z the teeth thereof, and Z³ the recesses formed in the body by punching up
the teeth
In forming the teeth, the cutting tool or punch is applied to the surface of the
body at nearly a right angle as shown in figure 4 and is then forced into the
plate and at the same time the punch is caused by the curvature of its rear face
to assume a position at a more acute angle with the surface of the plate In this
manner, the bottom of the recess is curved so that a greater quantity of metal is
forced into each tooth than would otherwise be the case with the same depth of
cut The advantage of this is, the teeth are brought to a very sharp point or edge
without curling or turning, each tooth is reinforced by surplus metal forced into
the tooth, and the recesses being shallow and curved at the bottom prevent clogging
of the rasp when in use
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said in-
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. The punch stock H₁ held in an anvil frame and pivoted and acted upon by'
springs to permit the stock to yield, substantially as and for the purposes set forth
2. The hammers J and J¹ acted upon by springs and cams, one preceding the
other, in combination with the anvil frame and the punch stock and punch, sub-
stantially as described
3. The anvil frame and pivoted punch stock H' in combination with the two
hammers J and J¹ and means for operating the hammers so that one will deliver its
blow before the other, substantially as described
4. The anvil fiaine and pivoted punch stock and the plate a' acted upon by springs
for returning the punch stock in combination with the hammers, substantially as
described
5 The anvil frame having the pivoted rod H³ passed therethrough, in combination
with the punch stock H¹ secured to the said shaft H2, the sliding plate Ho, and
means substantially as described, for moving the said plate, substantially as
described.
6. The punch stock Hattached to rod H' and the anvil frame K and means for
moving the 1od H2 and punch stock laterally in combination with the hammers,
means for operating them, the table F, feed table F¹ and means for moving the
same, substantially as described
7 The combination with the rod H2, punch stock H₁ anvil frame K, sliding plate H®,
rod H, and lever H, of the spirally-giooved cam H³ and means substantially as
described for turning the said cain intermittently, as and for the purposes set forth.
8 The pinion N¹, crank w and rod W1, in combination with walking beam W³,
pawl L, ratchet L', shaft M', cam H³, and plate H', substantially as described.
9 The pinion L, connecting rod L³, shaft M, and arms L', L³, connected to the
shaft, and the arm L, and pawl L pivoted to the upper end of the same, in combina-
tion with the shaft M', ratchet I, cam H³, lover H* connecting rod H³, sliding
plate H, shaft H², punch stock H' and anvil frame K, substantially as described.
10 The inclined table F, the punch stock. means for operating the same, the
hammers, and means for operating them in combination with the feed table F₁ held
in the inclined table F, and means for intermittently moving the same, longitudinally,
substantially as described
11 The inclined table F made concaved at its upper surface, in combination with
the feed table F1, means for intermittently moving same longitudinally, and means
for rocking the same in table F, sub-tantially as described
12. The large gear wheel O provided with crank pin p and rod P' in combination
with the shaft P, arm P', opposite arm P³ connecting rod P, opposite arm Q1, shaft Q,
arm Q, pawl Q, ratchet wheel Q, feed shaft F2, and the feed table F¹ connected
thereto, substantially as described.

page_text: 18 The lever H attached to the shaft h, the cam H³ and means for intermittently
turning the same, in combination with the arın S, attached to the shaft h, the con-
necting rod S', arin S³, shaft S³, elongated segment T and segment T¹ attached to the
feed table F¹ for rocking the same, substantially as described.
14. The anvil frame K in combination with the lever U and the cam lever U' for
adjusting the same, substantially as described
15 The combination with the anvil frame K of the lever U cam lever U³, shaft U*,
eccentric U³, lever Us, and shoe U, all arranged to operate substantially as described.
16. The vertical movable plate k provided with the presser foot k*, in combination
with the lever U³ connected to the plate ke and provided with the weight
17 The vertically movable anvil frame K in combination with the hammer J J¹
adapted to be connected together and to the anvil frame to operate as one substantially
as described
18. As an improved article of manufacture, a rasp formed with teeth Z' and
recesses Z³ curved at the bottom substantially as described
19 As an improved article of manufacture, a rasp having its teeth punched up
from curved recesses whereby each tooth is re-enforced by extra metal and the recess
made shallow, substantially as described
L
L 1000
P. S. STOKES.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London,
Patent Agents.