Improvements in Apparatus for Ventilating Railway and other Carriages and Buildings.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Oct., 18865
Complete Left, 14th July, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 16th Aug., 1887
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Ventilating Railway and other
Carriages and Buildings.
I, ERNEST EDWARD HAINE, of 54, Harrington Street, Hampstead Road, the
County of Middlesex, Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for ventilating railway and
other carriages and buildings and the invention consists in the employment of a
conical mouth-piece terminating at its smaller end in a straight tube projecting inside
the horizontal portion of a T-shaped tubular box or head slightly over the vertical
tube, but not beyond the centre thereof; opposite the end of the said straight tube is
a conical tube placed with its smaller end outwards which end is of larger diameter
than that of the straight tube hercinbefore described, a space being left between the
periphery of this tube and the box or head.
For railway carriages two of the said arrangements of mouth-pieces and conical
tubes are employed placed in opposite directions in the horizontal part of the T-shaped
tubular box or head which is fixed in the roof of the carriage or in any other suitable
position so that the ventilator can act when the carriage is moved in either direction,
the ends of the conical tubes being provided with hoods or guards to prevent currents
of air from entering the box or head through the said conical tubes.
When the apparatus is to be used for ventilating a building, only one of the said
mouth-pieces and conical tubes is required, the T-shaped tubular box or head being
arranged to revolve like an ordinary cowl so as to always present the conical mouth-
piece to the wind.
By this construction the currents of air caused by the motion of the carriage or in
the case of a building by the wind entering the horizontal portion of the T-shaped

page_text: tubular box or head will be concentrated by the conical mouth-piece and straight tube
and a partial vacuum will be produced in the said box or head and an upward current
of air be thereby induced in the ventilating tube leading from the carriage or building
by the said air passing through the conical tube into the atmosphere which tube
greatly contributes to the efficiency of the apparatus as it prevents the air in the box
or head from mingling with the column of air coming in through the straight tube of
the mouthpiece and the vertical tube or shaft thereby avoiding eddies and preventing
the force of the current from being diminished.
Dat the 18th day of October 1886

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Ventilating Railway and other
Carriages and Buildings.
I, ERNEST EDWARD HAINE, of 54, Harrington Street, Hampstead Road, in the
county of Middlesex, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for ventilating railway and
other carriages and buildings and the invention consists in the employment of a
conical mouth-piece terminating at its smaller end in a straight tube projecting inside
the horizontal portion of a T-shaped tubular box or head slightly over the vertical
tube, but not beyond the centre thereof; opposite the end of the said straight tube is
a conical tube placed with its smaller end outwards which end is of larger diameter
than that of the straight tube herein before described, a space being left between the
peripheries of the tubes and the box or head.
For railway carriages two of the said arrangements of mouth-pieces and conical
tubes are employed placed in opposite directions in the horizontal part of the T-shaped
tubular box or head which is fixed in the roof of the carriage or in any other suitable
position so that the ventilator can act when the carriage is moved in either direction,
the ends of the conical tubes being provided with hoods or guards to prevent currents
of air from entering the box or head through the said conical tubes.
When the apparatus is to be used for ventilating a building only one of the said
mouth-pieces and conical tubes is required the T-shaped tubular box or head being
arranged to revolve like an ordinary cowl so as to always present the conical mouth-
piece to the wind.
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood I will proceed to describe
how it can be carried into practice by reference to the accompanying drawing in
which figure 1 represents a longitudinal section and figure 2 a plan of an apparatus
constructed according to my invention and adapted for ventilating railway and other
carriages; figure 3 is a similar view to figure 1 but illustrating my apparatus adapted
for ventilating buildings. Similar letters in all the figures represent similar parts.
I will first describe my invention as applied to the ventilation of railway and other
carriages by reference to figures 1 and 2.
a, a, represent the two conical mouth-pieces and b, b, are the straight tubes with
which the conical mouth-pieces a, a, are terminated; c, is the horizontal portion of
the T-shaped tubular box or head closed at its ends as shewn, inside which the said
mouth-pieces and tubes project in opposite directions, the ends of the tubes extending
slightly over the vertical tube d, but not beyond the centre thereof; e, e, are the
conical tubes arranged opposite the ends of the straight tubes b, b, and with their
smaller ends outwards; the said ends as shewn in the drawing, being of larger
diameter than that of the tubes b,b; f, f, are stays or supports for the inner ends of

page_text: the tubes b, b, and e, e; 9,9, represent the space between the peripheries of the
tubes b, b, and e, e, and the box or head c; h, h, are the hoods or guards which I
provide on the outer ends of the conical tubes e, e, for the purpose of preventing
currents of air from entering the box or head through the said tubes; the vertical
tube d, is fixed in the roof of the carriage or in any other suitable position so that the
ventilator can act when the carriage is moved in either direction.
In the apparatus illustrated in figure 3 which shews my invention adapted for
ventilating a building, c, represents the T-shaped tubular box which in this case is
open at its ends and arranged to revolve in a manner similar to an ordinary revolving
cowl so as to always present the conical mouth-piece a, and tube b, (only one of which
is required) to the wind; i, is a portion of the usual shaft leading to the room or
other place to be ventilated; e, is the conical tube opposite the end of the straight
tube b, a hood or guard h, such as those herein before referred to and represented in
figures 1 and 2 obviously not being required.
By this construction the currents of air caused by the motion of the carriage or
in the case of a building by the wind entering the horizontal portion c, of the
T-shaped tubular box or head will be concentrated by the conical mouth-piece a,
and straight tube b, and a partial vacuum will be produced in the said box or
head and an upward current of air be thereby induced in the ventilating tube d,
leading from the carriage or building by the said air passing through the conical
tube into the atmosphere which tube greatly contributes to the efficiency of the
apparatus as it prevents the air in the box or head c, from mingling with the
column of air coming in through the straight tube b, of the mouth-piece a, and
the vertical tube or shaft d, thereby avoiding eddies and preventing the force of the
current from being diminished.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. An apparatus for ventilating railway and other carriages and buildings consisting
of a T-shaped tubular box in which is fixed a straight tube having a conical mouth-
piece for concentrating the currents of air caused by the motion of the carriage or by
the wind in combination with a conical tube through which the said air or wind
passes out into the atmosphere substantially as and for the purpose herein before
described.
2. The improved apparatus for ventilating railway and other carriages herein before
described and illustrated in figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawing.
3. The improved apparatus for ventilating buildings hereinbefore described and
illustrated in figure 3 of the accompanying drawing.