THE MANUFACTURE OF TUBES CYLINDERS RINGS AND BARS
Year: 1885

page_text: I FRANK ELMORE of 359 Clapham Road in the County of Surrey Electrical
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
to be as follows:-
THE MANUFACTURE OF TUBES CYLINDERS RINGS AND BARS
"
This invention relates to the manufacture of tubes cylinders or bars of size shape
and thickness desired by means of electro-deposition of metal upon cores or
segments that are fitted together to form the foundation upon which the deposit
shall be made.
In the manufacture of tubes and cylinders of length, where the inside surface of
the tube or cylinder is required to be of smooth finish; a frame is employed which
will carry a set of segmental cores provided with Vee grooves on the edges corre-
sponding to Vee pieces on the frame, said segments abutting on the outer edge and
overlapping the Vee pieces of the frame so as to present an external uniform
surface. When this framing and segmental cores prepared as described are cleansed
and prepared in the usual way to receive a non-adherent deposit for the electro-
lytic process it is used in a bath of sulphate of copper as the negative electrode upon
which the tube or cylinder required will be formed by the electro-deposition of the
copper, the copper being supplied by bars or plates forming the positive electrode
in the bath the whole being in circuit with a suitable Dynamo electric machine as
is well understood.
After the completion in the bath of the tube or cylinder to the thickness
requisite the segments will be withdrawn from the interior of the tube or cylinder
by means of rack and pinion or other convenient means mounted and working upon
the internal frame-work which frame-work can then also be removed from the tube
or cylinder. These tubes or cylinders will have a finished inside surface without
further manipulation by turning, boring or so forth.
The cores employed may be made in pieces of semi-circular or other form with
intermediate filling or key pieces which pieces may be held together by screws or
pins readily removable the said key pieces upon being removed into an inter-
mediate central space will allow of the cores closing together and they can then be
removed.

page_text: In the manufacture of tubes or cylinders wherein the external face is required to
be of smooth finish a metal cylinder is built up of segments, the edges whereof are
formed with Vees so as to fit accurately and these segments are bolted together by
external ears and screw bolts and nuts. These segments will be fitted together
until the requisite length is attained and after cleansing and preparing the surface
for the electrolytic process as will be understood this cylinder will be employed in
the copper depositing bath as the negative electrode upon the internal surface
whereof the required tube or cylinder will be formed and when the treatment is
completed the segments of the electrode cylinder after being taken apart will leave
a tube or cylinder of external finish..
The positive electrode used in this instance will be a cast copper bar of approxi-
mately round form suspended in and passing through the negative electrode
cylinder care being taken that the positive bar should not touch the negative
cylinder and that they should be equidistant on all sides.
The positive bars are to be placed in flannel bags-closely fitting or to be sewn
with worsted in flannel before being suspended in the bath as before described.
While the electro-deposition of the copper is proceeding and the tubes cylinders or
rings are being formed I circulate the copper depositing solution in the bath by
pumping by means of a leaden pump and leaden raising and distributing pipes so
raising the dense solution from the bottom of the depositing tank and delivering it
at suitable and convenient places at the top of the bath or tank.
Either of the above described cores or moulds may be fluted or corrugated on
the surfaces or they may be made oval or of any shape such as it is desired that the
finished tubes or cylinders shall present.
Where I require a tube or cylinder of both inside and outside finish varied in
shape and thickness or in the manufacture of short lengths of tubes or rings of
metal I may make the tube ring or cylinder by either of the above methods and
turn plane bore or finish the rough surface as required or I may take a non-
metallic core the size and shape of the inside of the proposed tube or cylinder and
an external mould of the size and configuration I desire the outside of the tube or
cylinder to be, and this core and mould I fix one inside the other upon a metal
plate so that an annular space is formed between the core and the mould termi-
nating at the metal plate and this space is then filled by electro-deposition of the
metal required and will form a tube or cylinder both surfaces whereof may be
smooth or fluted or corrugated or otherwise.
Such rings as herein mentioned when formed of copper will be of great use as
gas-check rings for large projectiles and so forth.
I may also make wire rods or other bars by this means by leaving out the core
or the core may be square and the outside mould round or vice versa and so on.
Dated this 7th day of February 1885.
WALTER A. BARLOW,
6, St. Paul's Churchyard, E.C.

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Metal Tubes, Cylinders,
Rings, and Bars.
.
I FRANK ELMORE of 359 Clapham Road in the County of Surrey Electrical
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL TUBES CYLINDERS RINGS AND BARS" and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the manufacture of tubes, cylinders, rings, or bars of
metal, of size, shape and thickness desired by means of electro-deposition of metal
upon cores or segments which cores or segments are built up or fitted together
to form the foundation upon which the electrolytic deposit shall be made and
the invention has reference to further improvements upon the invention set out
under the specification of Letters Patent granted to me N° 11720 and dated
29th July 1884.
For the practical success of any process or system of production of useful articles
by electro-deposition of metals it is necessary that the cores or foundations upon
which such deposit is effected shall be capable of being used over and over again
in the production of like articles and that in removing the produced articles from
the said cores or foundations neither the cores nor the articles produced shall be
damaged.
I will now proceed particularly to describe the invention and will make reference
to the sheet of drawings hereunto annexed.
Figs. 1 and 1 are isometric views. Fig. 2 a plan or end view, and Figs. 3
and 3a plan and interior views of cores or foundations for the production of tubes
or cylinders of length where the inside surface of the tube or cylinder is required
to be of smooth finish, Fig. 4 shows a frame or foundation of built up segmental
pieces for producing the articles with external finish and Fig. 4° is a face view of
one of the segments with its Vee fittings and adjustment groove.
Figs. 5 and 5 are sectional plan, and transverse section respectively of foundation
for rings or cylinders of both external and internal finish.
The cores or foundations shown in Figs. 1 and 1ª are made of core pieces a
divided obliquely in longitudinal direction and have internal ears 6 provided with
holes c to hold the parts together. Figs. 1 and 2 show the segmental pieces a
with intermediate filling pieces a¹ the same being bolted or pinned together at c.
Fig. 3 is a similar arrangement to that shown in Fig. 2 the filling pieces a¹
however being fitted with rack d on the inner edges and having V and V grooves e
on the adjacent faces of the segments forming the core. The worm wheel f
mounted on central shaft g in frame h will act together with racks d to withdraw
the filling pieces a¹ after the tube or cylinder has been deposited. In each of the
cases Figs. 1 1 and 2 a convenient frame with a central shaft and end caps will be
provided inside the core said caps covering the openings thereof by which the said
core can be hung in the bath and manipulated and the solution liquor be excluded
from the interior,

page_text: When this framing and segmental cores prepared as described are cleansed and
prepared with bronze powder or so forth in the usual way to receive a non-adherent
deposit by the electrolytic process it is used in a bath of sulphate of copper as the
negative electrode upon which the tube or cylinder required will be formed by the
electro-deposition of the copper, the copper being supplied by bars or plates forming
the positive electrode in the bath, the whole being in circuit with a suitable
Dynamo electric machine as is well understood.
After the completion in the bath of the tube or cylinder to the thickness
requisite the interior frame can be removed, the boltings of the core at c be
undone and parts a¹ be withdrawn from the segmental pieces a which pieces a
can then approach each other and come away free from the interior of the tube or
cylinder without damage either to the tube or the core which latter can be used
over again. These tubes or cylinders will have a finished inside surface without
further manipulation by turning boring or so forth.
In the manufacture of tubes or cylinders wherein the external face is required
to be of smooth finish a metal cylinder shown in Figs. 4 and 4 is built up of
segments a more or less (similarly to that of the Patent before referred to) the
adjacent edges whereof are formed with Vees e so as to fit accurately and these
segments are bolted together by external flanges or ears and screw bolts and nuts.
The hooks and screw bolts tie the whole together and are convenient for
hanging the cylinder in the bath. These segments will be fitted together until
the requisite length is attained and after cleansing and preparing the surface for
the clectrolytic process, as will be understood (the parts not to receive the deposit
will be treated with insulating coating) and this cylinder will be employed in the
copper depositing bath as the negative electrode upon the internal surface whereof
the required tube or cylinder will be formed and when the treatment is completed
the segments of the electrode cylinder after being taken apart will leave a tube or
cylinder of external finish.
The positive electrode used in this instance will be a cast copper bar of
approximately round form of the length of and suspended within the negative
electrode cylinder, care being taken that the positive bar should not touch the
negative cylinder and that it shall occupy a central position equidistant from the
sides of the negative cylinder.
The positive bars are to be placed in flannel bags-closely fitting-or to be sewn
with worsted in flannel before being suspended in the bath as before described.
Whilst the electro-deposition of the copper is proceeding and the tubes cylinders or
rings are being formed I circulate the copper depositing solution in the bath by
pumping by means of a leaden pump and leaden raising and distributing pipes so
raising the dense solution from the bottom of the depositing tank and delivering it
at suitable and convenient places at the top of the bath or tank.
Either of the above described cores or moulds may be fluted or corrugated on
the surfaces or they may be made oval or of any shape such as it is desired that
the finished tubes or cylinders shall present but where the moulds or filling pieces
thereof are drawn out as in Figs. 1, 1ª and 3, 3s the flutes or corrugations must be
longitudinal.
Where I require a tube or cylinder of both inside and outside finish varied or
not in shape and thickness or in the manufacture of short lengths of tubes or rings
of metal, I may make the tube ring or cylinder by either of the above methods and
turn plane bore or finish the rough surface as required, or I may take a core k
Figs. 5 and 5a the size and shape of the inside of the proposed tube or cylinder and
an external mould 7 of the size and configuration I desire the outside of the tube
or cylinder to be and this core and mould I fix one inside the other concentrically
upon a metal plate m so that an annular space n is formed between the core k and
the mould and terminating at the metal plate and said space n will then receive
the electro-deposition of the metal required and so form a tube or cylinder both
surfaces whereof may be smooth or Huted or corrugated or otherwise. This is
illustrated in Figs. 5 and 5* which require no further description than that means

page_text: will be provided for hanging in the bath and for securing the parts of the mould
together.
.
Such rings as herein mentioned when formed of copper will be of great use as
gas-check rings for large projectiles and so forth.
I may also make wire rods or other bars by this means by leaving out the core,
or the core may be square and the outside mould round or vice versa and so on.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
Firstly. The improvements in the production of metal cylinders tubes rings and
such like articles by electro deposition of metal upon segmental cores or foundations
as herein specified whereby the said core or foundation may after the production
of the article be removed therefrom for re-use as and for the purpose herein set
forth.
Secondly. The production of gas-check rings cylinders and such like articles
with finished inside and exterior surfaces by means of electro-deposition of metal
upon a core or foundation consisting of an inner portion kouter portion 7 and
plate m whether the portions / and are made in segments or not as and for the
purpose herein set forth.
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