Improvements in Blast and Cupola Furnaces.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Oct., 1898
Complete Specification Loft 11th Ana. 1800 Accented 16th Sent 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Blast and Cupola Furnaces.
I, ALLEYNE REYNOLDS, of Bolsover Hill, Sheffield, in the County of York,
Metallurgical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
In blast and cupola furnaces, as they are usually worked, the metal bearing
materials are in direct contact with the solid fuel, and the smelted or melted
products are thus rendered more or less impure.
My invention has for its object the treatment of ores and metals in furnaces
of the blast or cupola type in such a manner as to avoid the objectionable effects
of their treatment in contact with solid fuel.
For this purpose, I blow through refractory tuyeres into the lower part of the
furnace, just above the well, combustible gas and air under pressure, these or
either of them being heated. The arrangements for this purpose may be varied.
For example when producer gas is employed, I preferably place the producer
near the furnace, and send compressed air into its lower part and also by a pipe
through its upper part this pipe opening into the tuyere through which the gas
also passes from the producer.
Water gas or other combustible gas produced at a distance from the furnace,
may be delivered under pressure into a receiver near the furnace, air being
likewise sent under pressure into a separate receiver.
The gas enters the tuyeres around pipes leading the air also into the tuyeres
where they mix producing flame that acts on the materials in the furnace.
In both cases the air and gas pipes are provided with check valves to prevent
the formation of explosive mixtures in the pipes or receivers.
In a furnace, thus worked with gaseous fuel, iron may be purified in the
following manner.
.
The furnace having a basic lining such as dolomite, lime or magnesite, is
heated, then charged to some height above the tuyeres with lumps of limestone.
When the charge is well heated, pig iron, it may be with scrap and iron ore,
is charged into the furnace with excess of limestone.
As the molten metal descends it parts with phosphorus and other impurities,
and the purified iron is tapped from the well. When the furnace is employed
to smelt chromite so as to obtain ferro chrome, the lining should be acid or
neutral, and water gas is preferably employed.
Dated this 21st day of October 1898.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: mprovements in Diast and Cupola furnaces.
I, ALLEYNE REYNOLDS, of Bolsover Hill, Sheffield, in the County of York,
Metallurgical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascer-
tained, in and by the following statement:-
In blast and cupola furnaces, as they are usually worked, the metal bearing
materials are in direct contact with the solid fuel, and the smelted or melted
products are thus rendered more or less impure.
My invention has for its object the treatment of ores and metals in furnaces
of the blast or cupola type in such a manner as to avoid the objectionable effects
of their treatment in contact with solid fuel.
For this purpose, I blow through refractory tuyeres into the lower part of the
furnace, just above the well, combustible gas and air under pressure, these or
either of them being heated.
I shall describe arrangements for this purpose, which may be variously modified
to suit various circumstances, referring to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section and Fig. 2 is a sectional plan of a furnace worked
with gas from two producers beside the cupola. Fig. 3 is a vertical section and
Fig. 4 a sectional plan of a furnace worked with gas from a single producer near
the cupola.
Fig. 5 is a vertical section of a furnace worked with gas supplied from a
distance.
Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, C is part of a cupola, W its well, H its tapping
hole. P is one of a pair of gas producers situated near the cupola one on each
side, and communicating with its well by downwardly inclined tuyeres T. A
pipe A supplies compressed air to two branches A1 and A2 each furnished with
regulating valves and check valves V¹. The lower branch A¹ supplies air to
the lower part of the producer, the upper branch A² extends through the upper
part of the producer and partly into the tuyere. Thus hot gas as it is produced,
and air partly heated, produce a flame directed downwards into the cupola and
operate on its charge.
As shewn in Figs. 3 and 4, a single producer P, is supplied with air at the
bottom by a branch A¹ from the compressed air supply pipe A, from which other
branches A³ A pass to the tuyeres T at each side of the cupola C, while pipes G
from the producer lead gas to the tuyeres T. V, V, are regulating valves
and VV are check valves.
When the gas, which may be water gas, is supplied from a distance, the
arrangement shewn in Fig. 5 may be adopted. In this case the air and gas are
supplied under pressure to the receptacles A and G respectively, from which
pipes A¹ A² lead the air and G¹ G2 lead the gas to the tuyeres T, these pipes being
furnished with regulating valves V and check valves V. The check valves Vi
serve in all the arrangements described to prevent back flow by which explosive
mixtures might be formed in the pipes or receptacles.
The following are examples of the application of a cupola or such like furnace
worked as described without solid fuel coming in contact with the charge.
The furnace having a basic lining such as dolomite lime or magnesite, is
heated, then charged to some height above the tuyeres with lumps of limestone.
When the charge is well heated, pig iron, it may be with, scrap and iron ore,
is charged into the furnace with excess of limestone. As the molten metal
descends it parts with phosphorus and other impurities, and the purified iron

page_text: is tapped from the well. When the furnace is employed to smelt chromite so
as to obtain ferro-chrome, the lining should be acid or neutral and water gas
is preferably employed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
A furnace of blast or cupola type made with tuyeres sloping downwards to
the well of the furnace, these tuyeres being connected to a producer or other
supply of gas and having in them pipes connected to an air pump or other supply
of air under pressure, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 11th day of August 1899.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.