A PREPARATION OF MATERIALS FOR COATING ROOFS OR OTHER PORTIONS OF BUILDINGS TO RENDER THEM IMPERVIOUS TO WET
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the
Invention of "A PREPARATION OF MATERIALS FOR COATING ROOFS OR OTHER
PORTIONS OF BUILDINGS TO RENDER THEM IMPERVIOUS TO WET."-A com-
munication.
Scaled the 7th August 1857, and dated the 3rd March 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 3rd March 1857.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "A PREPARATION OF MATERIALS FOR COATING ROOFS
OR OTHER PORTIONS OF BUILDINGS TO RENDER THEM IMPERVIOUS TO WET," to be
as follows:-
T
This Invention consists in forming a compound of certain materials, which,
combined and applied to any slate, metallic, or wooden surface, will form a hard
and durable covering, impervious to water and the action of the atmosphere;
it is particularly designed for roofing. The following are the 'ingredients
used:-Caoutchouc or india-rubber dissolved in spirits of turpentine
or some other suitable solvent, gum shellac dissolved in alcohol, gutta
percha dissolved in linseed oil or other suitable solvent, a mixture called

page_text: 'puzzolan," (composed of pulverized glass, quicklime, and plaster of Paris,
or marble dust, or any kind of clay well vitrified and pulverized, or any
equivalent substances), and another mixture called "smalt," (composed
of vitrified glass, sand, flint, gravel, pounded earthenware, or any equivalent
pulverized substances which will withstand the action of the atmosphere),
and naphtha or coal tar. The use of lime is indispensable in the working
of this cement, from the fact that without it the materials do not harden,
but become friable and undergo apparent decomposition. The lime, on the
contrary, seems to have the effect of hardening and curing the mass, and
rendering it capable of enduring atmospheric changes without any injurious
effects.
The process of using the above composition is, to warn the solutions of
india-rubber, gum shellac, gutta percha, and the naphtha up to blood heat,
then mix therewith the "puzzolan," and immediately apply it with a brush to
the roof, and rub it smooth or even, then sift on the "smalt" before the
compound is dry. When used upon wood, it is necessary to cover the wood
with some textile fabric, such as coarse canvas or sacking.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 3rd September 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Edward Newton, Her special license that I, the said William Edward
Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others, as I, the said
William Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term, therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A
PREPARATION OF MATERIALS FOR COATING ROOFS OR OTHER PORTIONS OF BUILDINGS
TO RENDER THEM IMPERVIOUS TO WET," being a communication from abroad, upon

page_text: the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Edward Newton,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say):-
This Invention of "a Preparation of Materials for Coating Roofs or other
Portions of Buildings to render them Impervious to Wet," consists in forming a
compound of certain materials, herein-after mentioned, which, combined and
applied in the manner and proportion presently to be described, and applied to
any slate, metallic, or wooden surface, will form a hard and durable covering
impervious to water and the action of the atmosphere; it is particularly
designed for roofing.
The following are the ingredients used for the purpose:-Caoutchouc or
india-rubber dissolved in spirits of turpentine or some other suitable solvent,
gum shellac dissolved in alcohol, gutta percha dissolved in linseed oil or other
suitable solvent, a mixture, which the Inventor calls "puzzolan," (composed of
pulverized glass, quicklime pulverized and sifted, and plaster of Paris or
marble dust, or any kind of clay well vitrified and pulverized, or any equivalent
substances), and another mixture, which he calls "smalt," (composed of
vitrified glass, sand, flint, gravel, pounded earthenware, or any equivalent pul-
verized substances which will withstand the action of the atmosphere), to
these are to be added naphtha or coal tar. The use of lime is indispensable in
the working of this cement, from the fact that without it the materials do not
harden, but will become friable and undergo apparent decomposition. The
lime, on the contrary, seems to have the effect of hardening and curing the
mass, and rendering it capable of enduring atmospheric changes without any
injurious effects. The proportions which have been found best in practice are,
to sixteen ounces of naphtha, half an ounce of india-rubber, half an ounce of
shellac, and half an ounce of gutta percha dissolved in the above-mentioned
solvents, two ounces of the "puzzolan," and two ounces of the "smalt."
The process of using the above composition is, to warm the solutions of
india-rubber, gum shellac, gutta percha, and the naphtha up to blood heat,
then mix therewith the "puzzolan," and immediately apply it with a brush to
the roof, and rub it smooth or even, then sift on the "smalt" before the

page_text: compound is dry. When used upon wood, it is necessary to cover the wood
with some textile fabric, such as coarse canvas or sacking.
Having now described the Invention that has been communicated to me by
my foreign correspondent as aforesaid, I claim as the Invention secured to ine
by Letters Patent, the use and application to the purpose above mentioned of
lime in combination with india-rubber, gutta percha, and shellac solutions.
In 'witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Third day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
W. E. (L.S.) NEWTON.