matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM LUBRICATORS OR GREASERS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Adam Dixon at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th
March 1869.
I, ADAM DIXON, of No. 4, Railway Place, Fenchurch Street, in the
City of London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the. said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM LUBRICATORS OR GREASERS," to be
as follows:-
This Invention has for its object to combine into one apparatus both
an ordinary grease cup and a lubricator by displacement through
condensation of the steam admitted thereto, so that all the operations
of filling, discharging either suddenly or by displacement, and emptying
of the condensed water shall be effected by means of one and the same
handle or hand wheel, thus avoiding the inconveniences and complications
appertaining to lubricators as at present made with different handles or
hand wheels to work different cocks, valves, or plugs for the different
operations specified; complications which lead to frequent errors and
waste of lubricating material through working a wrong handle or leaving
a cock open..
And further, to enable the quantity of lubricant contained in the
apparatus to be at any time readily scen and accurately determined,

page_text: without using either a glass gauge tube or a glass chamber, both
constantly liable to breakage, while the gauge tube is rarely or ever
properly adjusted in lubricators so as to give a true record of the
lubricating material.
I effect the first series of improvements by fixing a stand pipe into
the inside plug of the apparatus known as a hollow plug grease cock,
thus enabling the apparatus when so constructed to lubricate by
displacement when the said inside plug is turned round, so as to bring
the said stand pipe over and upright or nearly so with the discharging
hole in the outer shell or casing leading in and to the steam; and the
said inside plug is further provided with one or more holes for filling,
sudden discharging, and emptying, all of which operations can be
performed as desired by one and the same handle or hand wheel acting
upon the inside plug and causing it to revolve brings the said holes to
their proper positions for each operation. The holes are placed in the
inside hollow plug in such positions relative to each other and to the
stand pipe as that no two of them can at any one time be open
together.
And, in regard to the second improvement aimed at, I attain this by
fixing into one or both ends of the inside hollow plug already described
a glass disc or discs, fitted steam and water-tight, through which glass
or glasses the interior of the lubricator is readily seen.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OR PRO- DUCTION OF COPS AND SPOLES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Thomas Yates at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th August 1869.
I, HENRY THOMAS YATES, of Old Radford Mill, in the County of
Nottingham, Manufacturer of Paper Goods, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OR PRO-
DUCTION OF COPS AND SPOLES," to be as follows:-
I cut sheets of paper, scale board, or equivalent into the shape of
segments of a circle, and cut off the angle; each of these pieces I cover
with paste, glue, or other adhesive substance; I then wrap cach piece
round a conical mandril, and thus form it into a conical tube; I then.
punch a disc out of card, mill, or scale board or their equivalent, and.
make a hole in the centre of the disc, and while the conical tube is wet
or damp I insert the perforated disc, having previously pasted or glued
its edge or rendered it adhesive, into the broad end of the tube, pushing
the disc up a short distance from the bottom of the tube inside thereof,
upon which part I sometimes affix a strip. of thin board, or glue two
pieces of wood to strengthen it, and when the whole is dry I cut or
punch out a piece at each side of the tube at the wide end thereof to

page_text: receive the carrier of the winding apparatus employed to wind the
thread which the cop or spole is to carry, and such cop or spole I colour
and sometimes varnish. On each cop or spole I sometimes paste a label
bearing a name or other inscription previously to varnishing, or the
inscription may be placed on the outer surface of the cop or spole in any
ordinary manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ENVELOPES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Millar at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
January 1869.
I, JOHN MILLAR, of Cambridge Road, in the County of Middlesex,
L. R. C. P. E., do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ENVELOPES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the manufacture of
envelopes for enclosing letters or documents or for covering newspapers
intended for despatch by post or otherwise. I propose to form the
fastening flap of the envelope intended to enclose letters or documents
with a series of serrated or corrugated edges, presenting a number of
pointed edges or curvilinear projections, which being gummed down will
afford a more secure attachment than can be effected by the ordinary
flaps. In some cases a perforated ornamental device or a perforated
monogram may be formed on the extremity of the flap, the edges being
made with a series of notches and teeth, whereby, when the flap is
secured, any attempt to open the same clandestinely will be exposed by
the tearing away of some portions of the flap. These objects may be
effected by subjecting the flap to the operation of a stamping or

page_text: embossing press, the die and matrix of which are formed to cut out
the requisite spaces on the margin of the flap as well as to emboss a
crest or ornamental device where necessary. In preparing envelopes or
wrappers for newspapers or book parcels the entire length of the edge
or margin of the gummed flap is to be serrated or notched, and if blank 5
paper is required for the purpose of being afterwards pasted the wrapper
may be stamped or cut accordingly.
By this Invention it is obvious that whereas in ordinary covers or
envelopes, the strength of the paper being as great at the edge as at
any other portion of the flap enables the cover to be opened and 1
re-fastened without probable detection by the proper recipient, the
edges being rendered weak by the operation of cutting spaces in the
paper, will become torn off the flap, and thus expose the fraud.
IMPROVED MEANS FOR PROPELLING VESSELS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Jordan and John Jordan
the younger at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 11th January 1809.
WO, JOHN JORDAN, and JOHN JORDAN the younger, both of Liverpool,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS FOR PROPELLING VESSELS," to be as
follows:-
In carrying out this Invention we propose to attach by any known
means to the sides and bottoms of vessels a parallel or nearly
parallel casing extending for a required distance fore and aft, such
distance being determined by the nature of the inlet and outlet passages;
this casing may be set at any required distance from the sides and
bottom of the vessels depending upon the area required for propelling
effect. The casings are to be open at the forward and after ends for the
entrance and exit of the water used in propelling the vessel. Into this
chamber a series of conveniently arranged nozzles suitable for steam
jets are introduced, when upon turning on steam generated in any way
currents of water will be drawn in at the fore end of the casing and
driven out at the after end of the casing with any required velocity.

page_text: We propose to make the casing before-mentioned extend from the keel
to the light or load water line, and the series of steam jet nozzles to be
placed in sections, so that one or more can be used. For reversing the
motion of the vessel the direction of the current will be reversed by
suitable means inside the vessel.
Although we prefer the above-mentioned method of using steam jets
to cause currents of water to move in the direction required to propel
vessels, we propose to make suitable chambers at the after ends of
vessels, which chambers are to be filled by steam jet currents, drawn in
through suitable pipes either from the bottom, sides, or fore ends; any
desired pressure may be obtained in these chambers, and the pressure
in the chambers is utilized by the use of nozzles opening into the
chambers, so that the pressure may cause jets of water to be forced out
of the vessel in the opposite direction to the vessel's motion, the pro-
pelling effect being produced by the reaction of the water and also by
the jets so forced out filling the wake left by the vessel more readily
than the ordinary flow of the water about the sides and after ends. For
reversing the direction of the vessel a similar arrangement is to be
constructed at the fore end of the vessel. Or we propose to use the
steam jets directly out of nozzles placed in the after ends, the water
being supplied by pipes from the sides, bottom, or fore ends. Or we
propose to use the steam jet and chambers in combination as aforesaid.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SPOONS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Alfred Warrington at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on tho
16th January 1869.
I, THOMAS ALFRED WARRINGTON, of No. 8, Carlton Road, Kentish
Town, in the Parish of Saint Pancras, in the County of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SPOONS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object certain improvements in the con-
struction of spoons, and consists in making such articles in a peculiar
manner when intended for conveying soup or other food to the mouth,
so as to protect the moustache of the user from dipping into the food
in the spoon, without in any way affecting the utility of the said spoon
as a feeding instrument. For this purpose I make the bowl of the
spoon with an extention on one side, formed as a continuation of the
bowl, for guiding or directing the soup or other food into the mouth,
and I furthermore construct it with a curved bridge, guard, or plate,
formed with a ledge, and which guard or plate bridges or spans the
howl of the spoon in the direction of its length, thereby deflecting the
hair of the upper lip from the bowl of the spoon, but nevertheless having

page_text: suitable openings at each side so as to allow of the ready admission and
emission of soup or other liquid food to and from the bowl or body of
the spoon. The before-mentioned bridge, guard, or plate may if prefered
be hinged at one end to facilitate the cleaning of the spoon.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SWEEPING CARPETS, FLOORS, LAWNS, AND OTHER SURFACES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick William Follows and
John Bate at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents with
their Petition, on the 20th April 1869.
We, FREDERICK WILLIAM FOLLOWS and JOHN BATE, both of the City
of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SWEEPING
CARPETS, FLOORS, LAWNS, AND OTHER SURFACES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in an improved mode of giving motion to
the rotary circular brush forming part of the sweeping apparatus,
which is supported on one or two travelling wheels and on one or
two rollers. The travelling wheels are made with an internal toothed
wheel gearing into pinions on the end of the rotary brush, or in some
cases it may be sufficient to make the internal gear in only one of
the supporting wheels. Instead of toothed gear as above described
friction surfaces may be used.

page_text: In sweeping a carpet or other surface the apparatus is drawn to and
fro, and in so doing rotary motion is given to the brush which collects
the sweepings into the case of the apparatus.
A NEW FILE-PLANING MACHINE
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Thomas Hughes at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th January 1869.-A communication to me from abroad by
Hermann Moritz and Jacob Reinach, of Berlin, in the Kingdom of
Prussia, Manufacturers.
I, EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent
Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "A NEW FILE-PLANING MACHINE," a communica-
tion to me from abroad by Hermann Moritz and Jacob Reinach, of
Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia, Manufacturers, to be as follows:-
The file-planing machine is principally intended for planing arm and
smooth files worn out by long use, in lieu of the present expensive
whetting process they were hitherto subjected to previous to their being
cut. A file of four pounds weight requires upwards of twenty minutes
whetting, whilst its planing is completed in one minute.
The peculiar longitudinal form of the files requires a special con-
struction of machinery, and the chief advantages of the machine the
subject of this Invention are as follows, viz., a firmly fixed planing tool,

page_text: and the file being conducted under the said tool in a curved path. The
frame of the machine contains parallel rocking bars revolving round
axes, their inclination towards each other being changeable, as their
ends rest on props, and the latter can be raised and lowered by a crank,
conical wheels, and screw. On the upper edges of the parallel bars
rest four vertical conducting pieces placed in seats, in which there are
the pins of a resting piece for the cradle, the said pieces moving in
spaces of the sledge or carrier, the latter being conducted in any well-
known manner by a strap, pulley, and screw axle upon the side beams
in a stright line, the middle of the cradle being moved in a gently
sloped curve corresponding to the file, and this curve is through the
construction of its joints rather yielding to the position of the planing
tool. Round the cradle lie the pincers that hold the file; these pincers
are suspended in the cradle, so that their position can be changed
according to the thickness of the files, and a proper varying regulation
of their position obtained. With regard to the pincers, bows are sorewed
to the cradle, and two axles lead into the cavities of the said cradle. By
turning a screw the pincers rise, and by actuating an axle, which works
in bearings, the two sides of the pincers grasp, the file, the lower plane
of which rests on an axle. The requisite pressure of the planing tool
upon the file is produced by a weighted lever pressing upon a sliding
piece in which the tool is fixed.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE CONSUMPTION OF SMOKE
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Giles Haworth, Henry
Haughton, and Robert Gibbons at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 10th April 1869.
We, GILES HAWORTH, Engine Driver, HENRY HAUGHTON, Engine
Driver, and ROBERT GIBBONS, Warper, all of Blackburn, in the County
of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE CONSUMPTION OF SMOKE," to be as
follows:-
The object of this Invention is to facilitate the consumption of smoke
by the use of apparatus constructed and arranged in connection
with the furnaces of steam boilers of the class known as "hand fired,'
so that when the door or doors are open during the act of firing
a course for the passage of and directing the cold air to the flues is
provided, whereby a large proportion of the air passes under the fire-
bars and is diverted to the crown of the flue or flues at a point near
the bridge, so as to intercept or mingle with the flame and heated
gases passing over said bridge instead of entering the furnace and
passing over the fire, the latter being one of the principal causes of the
generation of smoke.

page_text: We construct the "bridge" with an elongated opening therein; this
opening is covered by a damper plate to which is attached a rod sup-
ported by a cross bar at each end thereof; the said rod extends from
the damper plate to near the front of the flue. To the front end of the
rod is attached an arm so constructed that on the furnace door being
opened the damper plate is drawn from the opening in the bridge and
admits the cold air to the flue by way of such opening instead of
direct to the fire during the operation of firing, the air on passing
through the opening in the bridge is directed to the crown of the flue by
a curved plate placed at the back of the bridge, so that the air, flame, and
heated gases passing over the bridge mingle, and the formation of smoke
is prevented. When the furnace door is closed the damper plate is
also closed partially on the opening in the bridge, but yet admitting the
passage of the desired quantity of air to ensure consumption of smoke.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BUDDLES FOR SEPARATING ORES AND OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Green at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
February 1869.
I, GEORGE GREEN, of Aberystwith, in the County of Cardigan,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BUDDLES FOR SEPARATING ORES AND OTHER MATERIALS," to
be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object the constructing of buddles so as to
separate ores and other materials in a more effective, complete, and
convenient manner than is done by such apparatus as hitherto made.
The improved apparatus comprises a stationary conical table with its
centre depressed and its outer circular rim in a horizontal plane. A
vertical shaft passes up through a central aperture, and is made to
revolve slowly by any convenient motive power. A tubular arm is
carried by the revolving shaft, and receiving the ores in a pulverised
condition, and mixed with some water by a central duct in connection
with the shaft, delivers them from its outer end round near the outer
edge and upon the higher part of the conical table. The shaft also
carries a water pipe which is furnished with small perforated branches,

page_text: each with an adjusting cock, the series of branches being disposed in the
form of a spiral, the outer end of which is a little behind the end of the
arm that delivers the ore. The water from the spiral pipes gradually
washes the ores down towards the centre, partially floating and carrying
off the lighter particles from the heavier ones, which latter move down
more slowly. The lighter particles thus separated out are washed into a
central duct or launder carried by and extending round a considerable
portion of the vertical shaft, whilst another duct or launder occupying
the remainder of the circle round the shaft receives the heavier ore 'or
metal, which is finally washed into it by a strong jet suitably directed
from the inner end of the spiral water pipe.
CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN UTILIZING FOR COMMERCIAL PURPOSES THE EXTERIOR BLANK SPACES OF ENVELOPES OR OTHER SIMILAR COVERS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Rolfe at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd June
1869.
I, EDWARD ROLFE, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Agent,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN UTILIZING FOR COMMERCIAL PURPOSES THE EXTERIOR BLANK SPACES OF
ENVELOPES OR OTHER SIMILAR COVERS," to be as follows:-
My Invention is designed for the purpose of utilizing the blank
spaces of envelopes, wrappers, book post labels, or other similar covers
by occupying such spaces with commercial advertisements, so that the
may be employed as conveyors of useful and business in-
telligence.
The improvements consist in subdividing the back of the envelope or
other cover into spaces for containing small advertisements of a
miscellaneous character externally, which can be arranged for business
or professional announcements; the back of the envelope or cover may
be so arranged that the two lower corners of the cover when closed over

page_text: the overlap securing the letter inside will present one even surface on
which the advertisements are contained. The cover piece when turned
up and secured by adhesive matter to the top of the envelope gives a
double security to the letter contained inside.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR CLIPPING HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Walter More and John
Norman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 25th September 1869.
We, JOHN WALTER MORE, of Market Street, Finsbury, and JOHN
NORMAN, of Hoxton Square, both in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR CLIPPING HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS," to be as
follows:-
The Invention has for its object improvements in means or apparatus
for clipping horses and other animals. For this purpose we employ a
comb, which is formed on or fixed to a plate having a suitable handle
fixed thereto as heretofore. Upon this plate we form or fix guides, in
which a slide having a suitable cutter fixed thereto is capable of freely
working to and fro. The slide is provided with a pin or projection, which
enters a slot in one end of a lever working upon a centre of motion, and
having a suitable handle formed on or fixed to the other end thereof.
At each end of the comb a suitable distance is left without teeth, so that

page_text: as the cutter comes to each end of its travel it shall be free of the teeth,
and thereby prevent its dragging the hair at those parts. The comb
teeth are preferred to be set comparatively fine and blunt at the end, so
as to prevent injury to the horse or other animal being clipped.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SQUARES FOR FINDING THE CENTRE OF CIRCLES AND MARKING THE OUTLINES OF REGULAR OR IRREGULAR FIGURES THEREON
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Septimus Berthon at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 8th July 1869.
I, CHARLES SEPTIMUS BERTHON, of 20, Margaret Street, Cavendish
Square, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SQUARES FOR FINDING THE CENTRE
OF CIRCLES AND MARKING THE OUTLINES OF REGULAR OR IRREGULAR FIGURES
THEREON," to be as follows:-
The intention of my improvement is to find the centre of any circular
shaped object, for instance the ends of shafts or flanges on the ends of
pipes without the aid of compasses or dividers as usually employed, also
for making the outlines of any regular or irregular figures on the surface
of such circles. This I accomplish by providing the stocks of T or other
formed squares with two pins or studs placed at equal distances from one
of the edges of the square, or in line with the edge of the square, so
that when the studs are applied to the circumference of a circle the
edge of the square will be directly on the centre of the circle; any
shaped square may be used so that the pins are at equal distances on
either side from the edge of the square extending across the diameter of

page_text: the circle. A blade provided with rule marks for measuring will be
pivoted on the stock of the square or other parts of the square, and
made to extend over the surface of the circle for measuring and marking
any lines required to be made on the surface of the circle.
AN IMPROVED LIKING FOR PUDDLING AND OTHER FURNACES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the "International
Patent Office," No. 8, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer, for the Invention
of "AN IMPROVED LIKING FOR PUDDLING AND OTHER FURNACES."-A com-
munication from abroad by Samuel Danks, of Cincinnati, Ohio,
United States of America.
Sealed the 9th April 1869, and dated the 8th February 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 8th February 1869.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the "International Patent Office,"
No. 8, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED LINING FOR PUDDLING AND OTHER FURNACES,"
a communication, to be as follows:-
The nature of my Invention consists in mixing an alkali or alkalies,
such as lime and common salt, separately or combined, with the cinder

page_text: is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
The nature of my Invention consists in mixing an alkali or alkalies,
or lime, common salt, separately or combined, with the cinder of the
puddling or boiling furnace whilst in a fluid state, or when pulverized,
after tapping from the furnace, the said mixture to be used as a "fix" for
the puddling or boiling furnace. Alkali or alkalies, lime, or salt may be
mixed with pulverized or melted iron ore for "fixing" puddling furnaces.
A quantity of good quicklime is preferably dissolved in a vessel with
water (or common brine of suitable saline strength) to the consistency
of very thick cream, to which is added iron ore and scale mixture, 'in
such proportions that for every three pounds of silica that is in or to be
removed from the iron or iron ore there shall be combined therewith
two pounds of lime, common salt or alkali or alkalies, mixed in any
desirable manner, and applied to the furnaces when needed.
Having thus described the said Invention as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondent, I claim, the use of puddlers or boilers
tapping cinder, squeezer cinder, or hammer cinder, or pulverized or
melted iron ore, when mixed with an alkali or alkalies, such as lime,
common salt, soda, or potassa, separately or combined, in the manner
and in the relative proportions substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE. (L.S.)
Witness,
THO. N. PALMER,
Clerk to Messrs. Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
8, Southampton Buildings,
London.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECH-LOADING GUNS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Mason at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th
April 1869.
I, JOSEPH MASON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Gun
Implement Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECH-LOADING GUNS."
My improvements relate to the construction of all descriptions of
central-fire pieces, and its object is by the simple contrivance herein-
after explained to open the breech and extract the exploded cartridge by
one movement.
The breech block, according to my Invention, is caused to work upon
a pin and open in a lateral direction. There is affixed to the said pin a
short lever which acts upon a prong, and which prong is immediately
connected with the extractor and forms part of it.
The operation of the combined movement is as follows:-The hammer
of the gun or rifle being lifted the thumb comes against a thumb piece
provided in the breech block, and the said breech is thereby opened.
The pin upon which the said breech block works by the same motion

page_text: and at the same time comes in contact with the end of the extractor and
ejects the exploded case, as herein-before mentioned, and at the same
time a coiled or helical spring causes the breech block to return into
loading position. The piece being reloaded nothing more is required
than to close the breech block, which is done by a simple pressure of the
thumb upon the thumb piece. A small catch is provided to lock the
breech block securely in its normal position.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WOOL COMBING MACHINERY
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Christopher Bradley, Walter
Bradley, and Emmanuel Thackray at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 18th October
1869.
We, CHRISTOPHER BRADLEY and WALTER BRADLEY, of Bradford, in
the County of York, Machine Wool Comb Makers, and EMMANUEL
THACKRAY, of Bradford, aforesaid, Overlooker, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WOOL COMBING
MACHINERY," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to that class of wool combing machinery
commonly called or known as "Noble's machines," wherein one or two
small circular combs work within a large circular comb, and the first
part of our improvements consists in the application to each small comb
of a guide or an inclined plate placed near to the outer edge thereof
betwixt the place where the division of the wool is effected and the
drawing-off rollers, the top of the incline being a little higher than the
points of the teeth or pins, so as to raise the wool (in passing) out of the
said teeth or pins. Also above and in near contact with the highest part

page_text: of this inclined plate and the points of the pins is applied a serrated
rotary wheel or roller mounted at an angle to or inclined across the line
of the said teeth or pins, and motion is given thereto at a suitable speed,
so that as the wool is raised out of the teeth it is carried back more or
less according to the angularity or the setting of the said wheel or roller,
when a dabbing brush again inserts or drives the wool into the teeth of
the comb, from which it is then drawn off in the usual manner.
The second part of this Invention consists in arranging the drawing-off
leathers so that the sliver from a small comb is combined with the sliver
from the large comb before passing through the funnel or conducting
tube to the can.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PATTERNS FOR ANTIQUE LACE MAKING AND POR EMBROIDERY
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Battle Austin at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th August 1869.
I, JAMES BATTLE AUSTIN, of Victoria Wharf; Earl Street, Blackfriars,
in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PATTERNS FOR ANTIQUE LACE MAKING AND POR
EMBROIDERY," to be as follows:→
The Invention consists, firstly, in printing or lithographing in colors
(either black, white, or other color) lace patterns upon the material
known as vellum cloth, paper cloth, or tracing cloth, or it might be
upon the material known as paper parchment, which is produced by
immersing paper in dilute acid. The lace patterns are of the dimensions
of the lace to be produced; the broad lines of the pattern represent the
parts of the design where braid is to be employed in forming the lace,
and the thinner lines represent the connecting threads. In making lace
upon these patterns the braid is carefully adjusted to the curves and and
angles of the pattern, and is secured to it by tacking threads; when the
braid has thus been applied to the pattern the several connecting threads

page_text: are worked in until the lace is completed; the tacking threads by which
the braid is secured to the pattern are then taken out, and the pattern is
shifted forward, so that a continuation of the lace may be proceeded with,
and thus any desired length may be produced, the pattern being again
and again used; and as the pattern is upon paper cloth it may be used
over and over again for a great length of time.
The Invention also consists in the manufacture of patterns for
embroidery by printing or lithographing embroidery patterns upon
vellum cloth, paper, paper cloth, paper parchment, or other suitable
material, and perforating the material around the outline of the pattern
to enable the surrounding paper or material to be detached from the
pattern; the patterns are so made as to indicate the length and direction
of each stitch, and also its proper color. When using such a pattern the
pattern is laid on and tacked to the material to be embroidered, and the
several stitches of the pattern are worked in in the required colors. When
the design is finished the perforations around the edges and interstices of
the pattern where the ground has to appear allow of the cloth or
material upon which the pattern is printed being readily removed, while
the cloth or material under the embroidery adds to its solidity and
durability, and prevents the work being drawn up.
Patterns such as are above described may be laid on any material from
the richest velvet to the most delicate silk, gauze, or canvas, and the
material will be by it protected and kept clean while the pattern is being
worked.
IMPROVEMENTS IN: ROTARY SIEVES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Alfred Cowper at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th December 1869..
I, EDWARD ALFRED COWPER, of No. 6, Great George Street, West-
minster, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN: ROTARY SIEVES," to be as.
follows:-
My Invention has reference to rotary sieves with adjustable meshes,.
and consists in constructing them of a number of wires (by preference
drawn hard steel wire) arranged at equal distances a art round a central
spindle or axis with their ends connected to two opposite discs or rings
upon such central spindle, the spaces between the wires constituting the
meshes of the sieve. One or both of the discs or rings are capable of
being turned upon the spindle so as to cause the wires to be twisted and
to assume a more or less helical position relative to the central spindle,
whereby they will be made to approach each other to a greater or less
degree, and thus to decrease or increase the size of the meshes. Rings

page_text: may be inserted inside the wires so as to keep them distended, or rings
may be placed outside the wires for this purpose. For clearing the sieve
from any substances that may stick in the meshes I apply to the outer
surface thereof revolving brush surfaces or rollers.
A NOVEL LIQUEFIABLE COMPOUND SUBSTANCE TO BE USED FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jean Maric Muterse and llenri
Guibert de Valory at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 29th May 1869.
We, JEAN MARIE MUTERSE and HENRI GUIBERT DE VALORY, both
of Guérande, Departement de la Loire Inférieure, in the Empire of
France, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NOVEL
LIQUEFIABLE COMPOUND SUBSTANCE TO BE USED FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES," to be
as follows:-
The nature of our Invention consists in a novel and practical applica-
tion of the well-known fire extinguishing property of chlorhydric
gas.
Our novel compound substance is obtained in a pulverulent form, and
we term it flame extinguishing powder or anti-flame; it is perfectly
soluble in water, and its composition is principally based upon the
utilization of the residuum of salt marshes or pits, and particularly of
the mother waters, taking as far as practicable only the chloride of

page_text: The proportions given are those which we prefer, but they are
necessarily variable with the strength of the ingredients and of the
product sought.
The above enumerated ingredients are first pulverized and then mixed
together by ordinary and well-known means; the compound substance
being delivered to commerce in powder, and in casks of from two to
twenty cwt., and in packets of from two to twenty lbs., or in the form
of cartridges.
Application and Action of our Flame Extinguishing Compound.-
The powder is liquefied by being added to the water to be thrown on
to the fire, and may consequently be applied by any ordinary fire engine.
The effect of its application is that it suddenly lowers the temperature
favorable to combustion, and further its contact with flame also evolves
gases absolutely inimical thereto whatever may bo the substance feeding
it, whether wood charcoal, any vegetable or animal matter, and even
hydrogenated carburets, such as oil, alcohol, tar essences or petroleum,
the inflammability of which is actually favored by the application of
water in its natural state. The addition of our fire-extinguishing powder

page_text: or anti-flame rendering the water more efficacious, less is required for
extinguishing a fire, a great advantage where the water supply is limited
or procured with difficulty, and in every case a great saving of time
and labor. One ton of our compound substance in 15 tons of water
will be as efficacious as 150 tons of water without such addition.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Hook at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th July 1869.
I, CHARLES Hook, of Bridgewater, in the County of Somerset, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
VELOCIPEDES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates, firstly, to an improvement in the connecting
bar forming the junction between the leading and trailing wheels. This
is ordinarily made rigid, and a spring is applied thereon to sustain the
saddle; but I propose to form the connecting bar of a yielding substance,
such as spring steel, or steel in combination with wood, or other suitable
material or combination, so as to dispense with the ordinary spring, the
seat or saddle being adjustable to suit various heights.
The second improvement consists in the application of a lever to the
guiding arm, extending in front thereof, such lever being connected to a
spring balance apparatus attached to the fore part of the bar, by means
of which the leading and trailing wheels will be kept in a straight line
when the guiding stem is released.
The third improvement consists in the application of a mud guard
fixed over the trailing wheel by means of rods, each side of the trailer in
connection with the axis and bar secured also by the brake spring nut.

page_text: The machine thus constructed will pass over stones or uneven roads
with very small amount of jar or strain, as the connecting bar will allow
the wheels to rise and recede from each other instead of striking the
obstructions with a dead pressure, shaking the rider and injuring the
wheels. The socket of the guiding stem is made of wrought iron forged
solid and bored out, after which it is welded or shut on to the spring,
thus making the spring and socket in one solid piece.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING FOR SPINNING JUTE AND OTHER VEGETABLE FIBRES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Patrick Buchan and Alexander
Guild at, the Office of the Comunissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 8th March 1869.
We, PATRICK BUCHAN, of Silver Stream, Green Island, near Belfast,
in the Kingdom of Ireland, Gentleman, and ALEXANDER GUILD, of
Belfast aforesaid, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING FOR SPINNING JUTE AND OTHER
VEGETABLE FIBRES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to render the fibre of jute and other
kindred plants soft, flexible, and light coloured without employing raw
oil (particularly whale oil), and the process of batching, which entail great
cost and labour, and increase the difficulty and cost of bleaching and
dyeing. To this end we first steep the fibre in a solution of either soda,
potash, or ammonia by preference heated to 80° or 90° Fahrenheit, or it
may be cold, and for such length of time and employing such strength
of alkali as from the character of the fibre may be found necessary. As
a guide to the strength of the alkaline solution and the time requisite for
steeping the solution may be about 2° Twaddell, and the steeping may
extend from 12 to 24 hours. The alkaline solution may be made from
any of the following articles :-Soda, carbonate of soda, chloride of soda,

page_text: muriate of soda, oxide of soda, hydrate of soda, sulphuret of sodium,
potash, carbonate of potassa, bitartrate of potassa, nitrate of potassa,
oxide of potassa, hydrate and hydrated oxide of potassa, sulphuret of
potassium, carbonate of ammonia, nitrate of ammonia, sulphate of
magnesia. After such steeping the fibre is exposed to a bleaching
solution of either chloride of lime, soda, or magnesia, or to the action of
chlorine gas, but by preference to that form of bleaching solution known
as Jauvelle water until the required lightness of colour is obtained.
The fibre is next washed to rid it as far as may be of the bleaching
liquor, and it is then steeped in a weak solution of sulphuric or
hydrochloric acids (marking say 1° Twaddell) for from 2 to 3 hours.
When removed from the solution it isplaced in an oil bath prepared from
a mixture of vegetable oils and carbonate of potass, from which it is
taken and dried if possible in the shade and in the open air. The
peculiarity of this Invention lies in the succession and manner in which
the various chemical processes are applied and in the use of the vegetable
oil bath by which the process is finished.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PIANOPORTES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas King at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th September
1869.
I, THOMAS KING, of West Farm, New York, United States of
America, at present temporarily residing at Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PIANOPORTES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in an improved check action for upright
pianofortes, and has for its object the giving the check to the hammer
more efficiently than has hitherto been accomplished. On the striker
jointed to the regulating bar connected to the key there is an arm of
an L lever jointed one end of a cross bar fixed to the beam or rail, and
to the other end is jointed the butt of the hammer; to the other arm
of the lever is jointed the hopper or jack, both being connected by a
spring, and at the front of the hopper there is a notch which passes
over a pin in the butt of the hammer, and to the hopper is connected a
regulating screw which strikes against the hammer beam or rail at each
movement of the key. To the top of the L lever is fastened a wire
having at the top the leather forming the check, which leather when
the hammer is in repose is a little above the tail of the hammer, but

page_text: when the key is struck and the hammer rebounds from the string its
tail strikes the check and the hammer receives an instant and perfect
check without any vibration whatever, and thus enables the jack and
pin in the butt of the hammer to be always in contact at the instant
required. The damper is connected to a wire fixed in a bar jointed to
a projecting piece from a beam, and the bottom of the bar is near the
back end of the key, so that when the key is struck its back end shall
strike the bottom of the bar and remove the damper from the spring,
and when the key is released the damper is returned to the string by
a spring, which arrangement enables the dampers to be regulated more
perfectly and easily than when they are connected to the beam which
carries the hammer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS OR GENERATORS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry William Harman and
William Lancaster at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 18th September 1869.
We, HENRY. WILLIAM HARMAN, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, and WILLIAM LANCASTER, of the same Place,
Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS OR GENERATORS," to be as follows:-
In performing our Invention we prefer to employ circular vertical
boilers, or a series of boilers, in combination with a novel arrangement
of flues or air passages. Each boiler consists of an arched combustion
chamber formed with a water space surrounding it, and provided with
flanges at the upper side, on to which the dome of the boiler is bolted;
the boilers may be connected together by plates bolted to the said
flanges. The combustion chambers are provided with two openings,
one placed a little above the fire-bars, the other on the opposite side is
placed a little below the top of the arch, the heat and gases passing
successively from the upper opening of one chamber to the lower
opening of the following chamber, where by the admission of a small

page_text: quantity of cool air by a pipe used for that purpose the smoke is con-
sumed. Just below the upper opening of these chambers we fix supports
in their interior, on which we place a slab of fire-brick to guide the
heat and gases against the top and sides of the chamber before they
pass onwards to the next boiler and its combustion chamber. On the
outside of the upper opening and in a horizontal plane with its lower
edge between the boilers is a plate placed loose between them, having
openings at the corners for the heat and gases to pass through in their
passage to the lower opening of the following combustion chamber.
The flanges which serve for the purpose of securing the dome to the
combustion chamber or lower part of the boiler, and for connecting the
series of boilers to each other, are continued all round the boilers to the
brick casing, for the purpose of forming two vertical flues around the
boilers one above the other. By this arrangement the heated air and
gases are conveyed around each half of the boiler and through each
combustion chamber by the lower flue, and at the end of the boilers
the heat is carried through an opening into the uppermost flue, and by
it conducted around the domes of the boilers previous to entering the
chimney.
By our improvements we construct boilers of small diameter that they
may stand a very high pressure, and the parts being duplicates are easy
to repair and replace. The first of the series of boilers may have the
lower opening into the combustion chamber closed or open if desired.
Partitions are placed between the boilers and the brick casing running
from the base of the boilers to the division plate between the top and
bottom flues. These partitions guide the heat and gases from one
combustion chamber to the next. Dampers are placed in the lower part
of these partitions for increasing the draught when required.
AN IMPROVED SAFETY BAG FOR CONVEYING DESPATCHES OR ARTICLES OF VALUE BY SEA
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Baldwin Fulford Weatherdon,.
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 3rd June 1869.-A communication from abroad by François
Coquelle and Eugène Langlais, (junior), Partners, residing at No. 1,
Rue Richer, Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, BALDWIN FULFORD WEATHERDON, of 77, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "AN IMPROVED SAFETY BAG FOR CONVEYING DESPATCHES OR
ARTICLES OF VALUE BY SEA," (a communication to him from abroad by
François Coquelle and Eugène Langlais (junior), Partners, residing at
No. 1, Rue Richer, Paris, in the Empire of France,) to be as follows
(that is to say)—
This Invention has reference to a buoyant safety bag for conveying
despatches, money, jewelry, or similar articles of value by sea, whereby
the said articles are prevented from sinking or being lost in case of ship-
wreck, and consists in forming the said bags with one or more air-tight
compartments (in which the various articles are placed) hermetically
closed by grooved joints furnished with india-rubber and tightened by
screws or otherwise, by which air is retained within the said compartments
sufficient for floating the bag with its contents till picked up or secured..

page_text: The said bag being composed of india-rubber, tarred cloth, or other im-
permcable material, and painted with conspicuous colours that it may
be more readily seen at a distance, and protected externally by a wire
cage or coating of metallic cloth.