IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND TOOLS FOR DRESSING, SHAPING, PLANING, SINKING TURNING AND MOULDING STONE AND THe like
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frank Trier of Great George Street in the City of
Westminster Engineer for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
AND TOOLS FOR DRESSING, SHAPING, PLANING, SINKING TURNING AND
MOULDING STONE AND THe like”
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frank Trier at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th January 1883.
FRANK TRIER of Great George Street in the City of Westminster Engineer
'IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND TOOLS FOR DRESSING, SHAPING, PLANING,
SINKING, TURNING AND MOULDING STONE AND THE LIKE'
"
My Invention relates to methods of applying revolving cutters whether tubular
conical or discoidal to the surface of the stone to be operated upon so as to remove
the inequalities thereof or that portion of the stone which is superfluous and
to leave a surface plane circular moulded sunk or otherwise shaped as may be
desired.
My said Invention also relates to the machines or apparatus and arrangements
for the purpose of effecting these objects and to the tools or cutters to be used
therein.
My said Invention relates also to the use of tubes with straight or with bell
mouthed cutting ends or of cones of thin metal. The cutters may be arranged
either so that they split off from the surface of the stone to be dressed or that
they shear or shave off or out of the body or substance of the material to be
removed (leaving the resulting surface undisturbed being only touched by the rolling
edge of the cutters.
These two arrangements may be combined. The splitting off cutters operating
either in advance of or in the rear of the shearing cutters at different levels or in
the same plane with them The stone or the cutters may have a reciprocating
motion either rectilineal or curvilinear or compounded of both. For some
purposes I mount two or more cutters in such a manner that their axes of

page_text: rotation shall coincido each cutter being free to move independently of the other or
others.
I can effect the dressing moulding and shaping operation by a rectilinear
reciprocating motion of either the cutter or cutters or the stone in which case I
employ one or more than one rocking or swivelling tool holder carrying a
revolving circular cutter or cutters so placed with regard to the stone that they
either shave or split or so that one or more splits and one or more shaves. But
I prefer to employ a revolving plate or chuck upon which I fix one or more cutter
holders and the stone is moved forward on a travelling table or bed against the
cutters as they revolve. A cutter holder consists of one or more than one boss in
which the cutter spindle or spindles revolve and a plate or shank or bar which is
fixed either upon or in a suitable socket in the revolving plate or chuck. The boss
or bosses may be either in one piece with the plate sbank or bar or separate
from and susceptible of independent adjustment upon it.
The holder is itself attached to the chuck in such a manner as to adınit of
adjustment to the varying requirements of the work or where the chuck is to do
work of one sort the adjustibility may be limited to the especial requirement.
The revolving plate or chuck is by preference fitted to receive a considerable
number of cutter holders that is to say 30, 40 or more and in cases where only a
small part of the whole number of cutters is required to complete the dressing
planing sinking or moulding operation say 6 for example, there may be mounted
on the chuck as many sets of 6 as it will take by which means the amount of
work done by cach revolution of the chuck is in that proportion increased.
The cutters are arranged at such elevations in relation to each other at such
angles and at such distances from the centre of the revolving chuck as may be
necessary to cut out the desired moulding or dressed surface.
Each cutter cuts away a layer of the stone to be removed the layer above having
been removed by the preceding cutter
For sake of illustration let the track of each cutter be represented by a circular
hoop of thin wire These hoops would then form the profile of the moulding to be
produced.
By passing two separate stones on each side of the chuck the moulding will be
cut on both According to the nature of the work and stone the cutters may act
either shearing or splitting or partly shearing and partly splitting When the
cutters are set to dress a plane surface or a sunk surface the cut will be convex or
concave according to the inclination of the cutters and the movement of the stone
relatively with the chuck.
By giving a transverse movement to the chuck or the stone the said movement
being governed by hand or automatically by gearing or by the action of a template
or mould the stone as it moves past or under the revolving chuck may be moulded
sunk or shaped in any desired form
In the case of a deep moulding which might require more cutters than could be
mounted conveniently on one chuck I employ one or more additional chucks the
stone under operation passing from one to the other.
By placing two or more cutters (with their planes converging) on the chuck a
circular annular groove can be cut. If the cutters acting together be on opposite
sides of the chuck centre their planes may be parallel. To produce deep sinkings
the cutters can be worked in sets. By moving either the stone or the chuck the
annular groove can be developed into a sunk surface The cutters can be arranged
so as to produce a moulding round the sunk surface.
The revolving chuck or plate as described may be carried on a machine of the
general form of an ordinary planing machine or of a drilling machine radial or
otherwise operating on the horizontal surface of the stone or its axes of rotation
may be horizontal in which case the chuck will be carried on a saddle capable of
sliding vertically on the face of a suitable standard the dressing operation being
upon the side of the stone
Or the chuck may be carried on a machine of special construction which for

page_text: many purposes would possess advantages This machine consists of a pillar
supporting one or more arms capable of being turned round on the pillar each arm
carrying a revolving chuck or revolving chucks and resting at the outer end
When fixed for working on a pedestal I place one bed or two beds one on each
side of the pillar and parallel to one another with slides to receive the tables on
which the stones to be dressed would be fixed.
By turning the arm round on the pillar the chuck or chucks carried by it can
be brought over either of the beds or if the arm be placed in a line parallel to the
line of the beds the chuck or chucks can operate at the same time on the
edges of the stones one on each of the tables Or if there were two arms in
line with one another the chuck or chucks or both of thein could in like manner
operate.
There may be a slide fixed on each arm for the purpose of adjusting the chuck
or catters to the work.
With a view to enlarging the capabilities of those inachines in which the chuck
is not carried upon a moveable or radial arm I sometimes make the bed with
slides at right angles to one another on either of which the table carrying the
stone can move.
For the purpose of more readily grinding the cutters on their own spindlės and
of still further facilitating tho adjustment of the cutters to the exigencies of the
work to be performed I sometimes fix into the boss of a cutter holder or into holes
in the chuck an additional bush.
I prefer to make this bush excentric either with the bore parallel to the exterior
or inclined to it In the latter case both the inclination and skew of the cutter is
altered by turning the bush In the former case the distanco of the cutting edge
from a given point alone is altered.
When fitted with such a bush the boss is by preference made in the form of a
clamp and by means of a tightening screw the bush can be held fast at any point
or it may be held by an ordinary set screw.
In combination with the revolving chuck or plate before described there may be
arranged a second planetary chuck the axis of rotation of which is carried upon
or by the central or main chuck and which is capable of being rotated independently
of it and of being at the same time carried by the main chuck or arm round the
central axis.
My Invention further relates to a combination of slido rest and bar suitable
more especially to the use of the thin conical cutters or tubes bereinbefore referred
to I place on an ordinary slide rest a socket or sockets fitted with a sliding bar.
One extremity of this bar is bored to receive the spindle or spindles of revolving
cutters and it is susceptible of being turned round in its socket so as to allow of
the cutter or cutters being presented to the articles to be turned in various
directions.
A modification of the apparatus consists of an adaptation of the foregoing to the
special purpose of turning up the periphery of grindstones.
It consists of a single slide carrying the socket and bar arranged as above
described for general turning purposes The bush is set at an angle in the bar so
that the angle of the cutter can be reversed to act on the stone in either direction
by simply turning the bar. A set screw may be provided for holding the cutter
up to the stone and for pushing the cutter when cutting the edge on the parallel
sides of the stone and for allowing the cutter to run out of cut.
My Invention further relates to an apparatus chiefly applicable to the dressing
or manufacture of grindstones. First as applied in the case of grindstones with a
hole in their centre and mounted upon a spindle and caused to revolve.
It consists of two arms each carrying a circular revolving cutter or revolving
cutters and suspended or hinged in such a manner that they can be swung one on
each side of and parallel to the sides of the stone to be turned.
Either by altering the distance between the arms or by means of slides carrying
the cutter holders or by a combination of both methods I adjust the distance

page_text: between the cutter or cutters which are on opposite sides of the stone to be
dressed.
I prefer to connect the two arms so that part of their length shall constitute the
two sides of a frame.
The operation of dressing is effected by causing the arins so framed together to
swing so that the cutters shall move in an arc and cut from the circumference
towards the centre of the stone.
The swing is produced and controlled either by hand or by any convenient
.mechanical means, or instead of swinging the arms as before described I place
them in a slide and cause them by a screw or other convenient means to move in
a straight line from the circumference towards the centre of the stone to be dressed
the cutters acting on the stone as they advance.
In the case both of arms swinging round a centre and of those moving in a
straight line if any one or more of the cutters as the arm approaches the centre of
the stone does not move in or nearly in a radial line it becomes necessary to
gradually alter the plane of inclination of such cutter or cutters as they advance
so that at all times the point of contact with the stone shall lie in or nearly in a
straight line passing through the centre of the cutter and the centre of the grind-
stone I accomplish this change by means of a lover on the cutter bar which
lever is connected with either a radius rod or with another lever acted upon by a
suitably formed guide
To dress the edge or periphery of the grindstone I employ the grindstone dresser
already herein described or a slide carrying two or more than two cutters set so
as to enter both edges of the stone without reversing their angles.
The slide is preferably mounted on a frame which can be moved towards or
away from the centre of the stone so as to adapt the cutters to the varying sizes
of stone.
- Or I employ an arm or lever moving round a fixed contre or fulcrum in a plane
tangential to the circumference of the stone This lever carries a circular revolving
cutter or, cutters which by a movement of the lever either by hand or by any
convenient mechanical means are carried across the edge of the stone dressing it as
they pass or I employ an arm or lever moving round a centre or fulcrum in a plane
parallel to the plane of the grindstone to be dressed and therefore capable of
approaching to or receding from the centre of the stone and thus of adapting itself
to the various diameters of stones to be dressed.
Upon this lever I place a slide rest carrying one or more cutters in such a
position that as the stone revolves they can act on the circumference of the
stone so as to turn it The lever is held in position laterally by suitable guides
or cheeks.
The stone to be dressed is fixed upon a revolving table Over its surface when
revolving I cause to pass a radial arm which swings upon a fixed centre (in a
manner similar to the two arms already described as applied to grindstones fixed
on a spindle) and carries a circular revolving cutter or revolving cutters which
dress the surface of the stone from the circumference to the centre as they pass
over it (or to a pillar or other support placed on one side of the revolving table.
I hinge an arm which is brought down into a horizontal position over the stone
the other end of the arm resting upon another similar pillar or support on the
other side of the stone. This arm carries horizontal or vertical slides on which
move sliding rests carrying the cutter holders.
I employ a lever similar to those already described to dress or turn the circum-
ference of the stone or the grindstone dresser herein already described.
My Invention further relates to an arrangement for producing arisses by an
auxilliary chuck or chucks. A simple form of chuck has holes for taking cutter
holders which are bored excentrically to receive the cutter spindles which holders
are held firmly by clamping screws. By turning the holder the cutter can be
adjusted radially and by moving it in or out it can be projected more or less from
-the face of the chuck. In using these auxiliary chucks two of them for example
'

page_text: may be employed in conjunction with a large chuck so that the two auxiliary
chucks shall each act so as to cut the ariss in advance and dress a short distance
into the stone at the edges. The stone then passes on past the large chuck which
completes the surface. The auxiliary chucks can be vertically and laterally
adjusted and if desired made so as to act at any angle for bevelling off edges. All
three chucks are preferably attached to the same cross slide which can be moved
up or down. The auxiliary chucks may slide on a circular slide the centre of
which coincides with the centre of the large chuck. The auxiliary chucks being
driven in this case by belts from the main chuck shaft the said belts remain tight
in any position of the auxiliary chucks.
The auxiliary chucks are applicable to side dressing machines and where chucks
are employed with positively driven cutters It will be generally necessary to give
the auxiliary chucks a slight inclination so that the cut slants slightly upwards
towards the middle of the stone.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Frank Trier in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 20th July
1883.
FRANK TRIER of Great George Street in the City of Westminster Engineer
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND TOOLS FOR DRESSING SHAPING PLANING
SINKING TURNING AND MOULDING STONE AND THE LIKE
"
My said Invention 'relates to methods of applying revolving cutters whether
tubular conical or discoidal to the surface of the stone to be operated upon so as
to remove the inequalities thereof or that portion of the stone which is superfluous
and to leave a surface plain circular moulded sunk or otherwise shaped as may be
desired the said tubular concoidal or discoidal cutters in every case rolling when
working.
I will explain my Invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Rolling tubular cutters are shewn in Figures 10, 104 and 11. Those in
Figures 10 and 11 have straight mouths and are preferably ground hollow whilst
that shewn in Figure 10ª has a bell shaped mouth.
Most of the other drawings show conical cutters which are generally stamped
out of steel or other suitable metal and made as thin as the nature of the work
they have to do will allow. In the case of many stones they can be made so thin
that in spite of wear they constantly remain serviceably sharp.
I support such thin cutters when necessary by a special conical piece fitting into
their interior which pieces can be made of various sizes to suit the dimensions of
the cutters but I prefer placing within the cutters one or more smaller cutters as
shewn in Figure 124. The supporting piece or cutters being held in place by the
cutter bolt.
In carrying my Invention into effect the cutters may be arranged either (1) so
that they split off from the surface of the stone to be dressed or (2) so that they
shear or shave off, or out of the body or substance of the material to be removed,
leaving the resulting surface undisturbed it being only touched by the rolling edge
of the cutters. These two arrangements may be combined; the splitting off
cutters operating either in advance of, or in the rear of, the shaving or shearing
cutters at different levels or in the same plane with them.
I am aware that the employment of rolling splitting cutters (that is to say
cutters which are free to revolve on their axes and roll when brought into contact
with the material to be dressed so as to split it off) is not novel and I therefore do
not claim it in itself alone but only when used with the toolholders hereinafter
described for carrying such splitting cutters and the chucks carrying the tool-
holders or in connection with the modes of using splitting cutters described. A
part of my invention consists in the employment of a rolling cutter or of rolling
cutters to shear and shave off, or out, of the body or substance, of the material to
be removed the said cutter or cutters being carried on a revolving arm plate or
chuck and likewise in the combination of shaving cutters and splitting cutters
with a revolving arm plate or chuck upon which they are mounted.
Figure 1 represents in diagram a chuck C revolving round its axis, A. B., and
carrying cutters indicated at a bed and carried in suitable holders mounted on
the said chuck.
The stone S to be operated upon is carried on a table and moves in the
direction indicated by the arrow 8. The cutters as they are carried round by. the
chuck C roll when they touch the stone and shear or shave off the material to be
removed.

page_text: Figure 2 shows in diagram cutters a and b shearing whilst the cutters c and d
are splitting. Figure 24 shews a cutter b shearing and a cutter a splitting.
The shearing cutters for a combination of shearing and splitting cutters can be
set so that the cut produced will be convex or concave according to the inclination
of the cutters and the movement of the stone relatively with the chuck.
Figures 3 and 3* illustrate this.
The cut of the cutter a is concave towards the dressed surface and forms acute
angles at the edge of the stone at a³ but when the cutter is in the position shewn
at Figure 3 the cut of the cutter b is convex and forms with the edge of the stone
obtuse angles b³.
The cutters in Figures 1, 2 and 2 would be dressing a flat surface m n but it
will be understood that (say in the case of Figure 1) if the track of the cutter d
were less in diameter than the width of the stone or if the chuck were only so
placed relatively to the stone as to only partially dress it, then the dressed surface
will be bounded by the stepped incline n o p q. Therefore it will be evident that
if means be provided for adjusting the cutters, then instead of the steps n. o. p. q,
a moulding inay be dressed."
This is shewn in Figure 4 where the cutters are arranged so that their tracks
form the nosing of a step and so that their inclinations coincide as nearly as
possible with the varying curves. Figure 4 shewing the stone in plan gives &
clear idea of how the cutters whilst describing circles eventually produce a straight
moulding. Figure 4 shews also that if the forward movement of the stone bo
stopped then the cutters will have produced a curved moulding, the stone as it is
dressed travelling in the direction of the arrow.
Instead of each cutter being mounted on a separate toolholder two or more
cutters can be employed on one spindle (especially the thin conical cutters) to
dress certain parts of a moulding. The edges of these two or more cutters (by
varying their sizes) will form the moulding, concentric cutters capable of
independent rotation are preferably used but where the differences of diameter are
small the cutters may be bolted together as shewn in Figure 4". Cutters arranged
thus work best in conjunction with single cutters the latter doing the bulk of the
work in removing the superfluous material, the former assisting in finishing the
moulding.
By giving a transverse movement to the chuck or stone (the said movement
being governed by hand or automatically by gearing or by the action of a tem-
plate or mould) the stone as it moves past or under the revolving chuck may be
moulded sunk or shaped to any desired curve.
In the case of a deep moulding which might requira more cutters than could be
mounted conveniently on one chuck I employ one or more additional chucks, the
stone under operation passing from one to the other.
In Figure 4 the cutters are all shewn shaving that is to say each cutter shaves
away a layer of the stone to be removed the layer above baving been removed by
the preceding cutter. It will be readily seen that by passing a stone on each side
of the chuck a moulding will be cut on both, a stone so placed is indicated at X
in Figure 4.
Figure 4 shows the cutters partly shaving and partly splitting. By turning
the stone on its axis A. B., an exterior circular moulding will be cut. Figure 5 is
a half plan of the chuck Figure 4. Figures 6. 6³. 6º. and GP illustrate how a sunk
surface may be formed. In figure 6 two cutters are shown inclined in the same
direction but on opposite sides of their common centre of rotation, A. B., each
cutting edge being about the same distance from this centro. The cutters whilst
revolving round A. B. are moved in direction A B. and gradually cut out an
annular groove as shown by the dotted lines in Figure 6B. The cutter a shears off
the material on the outer conical surface of the groove and the cutter b that on the
inner. By moving the stone or the cutters horizontally the groɔve can be
extended to a sunk surface as indicated by the full lines in Figure G³..
Figure 6 shews two cutters on the same side of the centre A B. (but not

page_text: necessarily placed in the same radius) with converging planes and in the act of
cutting out a groove. By employing a sufficient number of cutters a moulding can
be produced around the sunk surface.
By skewing a cutter it can be made to shave out a curve as shewn in Figure 4
(at X) and in Figure 7.
The shaving cutters or a combination of splitting and shaving cutters may be
mounted as shewn in Figures 8 and 8ª they being attached to the slide of a machine
similar to a metal planing machine and the stone passing to and fro under the
cutters which are fed across the stone at each pass. The cutter a is shown in
position for shaving and the cutter b in position for splitting.
The following is a description of the apparatus here shewn :-
F is the horizontal cross slide, E the saddle sliding on F, G the vertical slide
working in guides in the saddle E and operated by the screw w, g is the cutter
Bocket which is pivotted in the trunnions & carried by the ears e e projecting from
the slide G. By contact with the moving stone the socket g is caused to oscillate
on the trunnions and to take an inclined position as indicated by the line a b in
figure 8 when the stone is moving in the direction indicated by the straight arrow
and to take the inclined position indicated by the line c d when the stone is moving
in the direction indicated by the waved arrow. The stop limits the amount of
oscillation. The effect of this inclination of the socket g is to give a skew to the
cutters. The arrangement of tools in figure 9 and figure 9ª can likewise be used.
In the arrangement shown at 1 both cutters are shewn in position for shaving.
At 2 the cutter a is shown in position for shaving and the cutter b in position for
splitting as in figure 8. At 3, two cutters, one within the other (horeinafter called
concentric cutters) are both in the position for shaving. Arrangements 1 and 3
can be made to split, as well. Arrangements 1, 2 and 3 are shown turning a
column, the cutter-holders being supposed to be held in the slide rest of a lathe not
shewn.
Having explained the modes of arrangement and operation of the cutters
according to this part of my Invention I will now describe the apparatus and
arrangements for holding the tools and cutters the chucks for carrying the cutter
holders and the machines for carrying the chucks..
The conical or discoidal cutters are attached to their respective bushes by means
of bolts, provision is generally made to prevent the cutter from turning on the face
of the bush apart from the grip produced by the bolt.
The bush is carried in a socket in which it is free to revolve. The socket may
take the shape of a tube in which case the bush is either concentric eccentric or
inclined in the tube. Or the socket may take the shape of a bar (cutter bar) the
bush being placed therein at any required angle.
The sockets are by preference clamped in a socket holder which in its turn is
fixed to a plate or bar carried on the chuck and is susceptible of being turned
thereon to the required angle.
In the figures next hereinafter described, indicates the cutter, b the cutter bush,
g the socket holder, n the cutter holding tube, o the cutter bar, s the cutter bolt,
t the guard, k the clamping screw in the cutter socket holder, and P the plate to
which the socket holder is fixed.
Figure 4 and Figure 4 shews the plate P, with elongated slots p, by which it is
These slots
attached to the revolving chuck A by the crew bolts and nuts c.
allow the said plate P, to be adjusted vertically, (taking the chuck as revolving
horizontally) and also to be swivelled.-Figure 4D shews a section of an arm of the
chuck A and an edge view of the plate P, with the socket holder, g, attached, which
said holder can swivel on the trunnion 'h, and is secured to the plate P, by the
screw i.
The said socket g, is divided in the line of its axis and is provided with a
screw, for the purpose of clamping it upon the bar o, or tube n, Figure 14 placed
in it.
W
mine content is shown
The cylindrical bar o.

page_text: can be turned round in the socket g, and clamped in any required position by the
screw. As shewn in this figure the cutter may by this means be so skewed as to
hollow out the concave portion of a moulding.
Figures 6 and 64 16 and 16 shew other forms of clamping sockets generally
5 analogous to those herein before described, also in figures 4" 10, 10ª 13 and 14,
and at 1, 2, and 3, Figures 9 and 94, and in Figures 3 and 7 different forins of
cutter bars o are shewn, all capable of being placed and fixed in any of the
sockets, g.
In figure 10 the bush b through which the tubular cutter passes is split at the
end and is provided with a clamping screw so that as the tube wears it can be
pushed forward through the bush and then can be clamped firmly in position.
In figure 10 the bush is dispensed with and the cutter fixed to the head of the
bolt 8, which can turn in the cutter bar o.
In figures 15 and 15 the cutter socket g, carries the cutter bush b, without any
intermediate tube.
Figure 15 shows a form of cutter socket or holder suitable for mouriting on an
existing slide rest. The holder g, is formed with a base plate or foot P, having a
projection on one side of its under-face, bevelled in two directions from the centre
as shewn by dotted lines in the plan and in figure 15B in which a similar socket
has a lengthening piece or bar.
The object of this projection is to simplify and render certain the placing of the
tool upon the rest at the right angle for working, one or other of its bevelled faces
(according as one side or other of the cutter is to act) being brought against the
square edge of the top plate of the rest in the manner of a T square. The base
plate or foot, P, may then be clamped down like an ordinary turning tool. It is
specially designed for turning up and trueing emery wheels.
Figures 15° and 15° shew the tool fixed to the top A of a slide-rest and turning
up an emery wheel B. In figure 15º the edge, in figure 15° the side, is being
turned.
Figure 13 shews a very useful form of cutter bar. The bush b, is set at an angle
and is wholly within the bar o, a hole being made at 8' for operating the nut of the
bolt 8-A screw 8' is shewn screwed into the face of the cutter bush. A hole in the
cutter allows the head of this screw to pass through a washer, g³ under the head of
the bolt 8, or where the head and washer are made in one, the head has a notch to
allow the head of the said screw to pass.-Thus the simultaneous rotation of the
cutter, bush, and bolt is ensured.
Figure 12 (See Sheet 2) shews an arrangement of concentric cutters. The head
of the cutter bolt a, of the cutter a, is prolonged and forms the pivot for a second
bush bupon which a second cutter a is fixed. These cutters are thus free to roll
independently of one another.
Figure 18 (Sheet 1,) shews a slide rest and bar, which Intter can be turned
round in its socket to allow of the cutter being presented in various directions to
he article to be turned by means of a worm-wheel W, and worm W₁ through
which worn-wheel the bar C, can slide and in which the bar can be fixed in its
djusted position by a set screw k
In the arrangement shewn in figures 16 and 16 the hole in the tube n, to receive
be cutter bush b, is excentric with the exterior so that by turning the said tube n
a the socket g the position of the cutter & can be adjusted with great facility and
ccuracy. Also, (which is of great practical importance) the said tube n with the
utter fixed in it can be taken bodily out of the socket g, and be placed in a similar
ocket on the cutter grinder, the cutter will thus be ground while fixed on its spindle
nd thus a perfectly true cutting edge will be secured and changing can be effected
ith rapidity without unscrewing the cutter.
Figures 17 and 17 shew another form of cutter holding tube in which the axis
the bore is inclined to the axis of the exterior of the tube. By turning the tube
the socket the inclination and skew of the cutter can be varied. By turning it
rough 180° the inclination will be reversed.

page_text: In fig 9B or the elevational part of figures 3 and 34 the cutter bearing extremity
of the bar o, is formed into a clamping socket and it is shewn carrying an
excentric holding tube n. Figure 9° shews a bar with split clamping socket of very
simple form.
Figure 5 is a half plan and Figure 4 a section of a plate or chuck A formed 5
with radial arms a a planed on their faces xx (Figure 5) to receive the cutter
holders P. The said arms a have slots of a T section (see Figures 4 and 4º) to take
the T headed bolts c c by which the holders P are fastened to the said arms.
The revolving plate or chuck A is by preference fitted to receive a considerable
number of cutter holders (say 30 or 40 or more) and in cases where only a small 10
part of the whole number of cutters is required to complete the dressing planing
sinking or moulding operation (say six for example) there may be mounted on the
chuck as many sets of six as the said chuck will hold by which means the
amount of work done by each revolution of the chuck is in that proportion
increased.
Figures 6 and 6A represent an arrangement wherein C is the extremity of a drill
spindle or any other revolving spindle or shaft to which may be attached a slide F.
EE are saddles carrying toolholders and caused to slide on F by means of the
screw w The cutter sockets g can be swivelled on the saddles E and the cutter-
holding tubes or bar can be placed in them as required by the nature of the work.
The mode of sinking with this tool has been herein before described. A cutter or
cutters can be attached fixedly to a drill spindle and the work moved under the
cutter or cutters
The chuck shown in the elevation at Figure 9 is of a simpler form being a
mere plate with radial slots in which the bolts of the cutter carrier P can be
slidden for adjustment and fixed in position by a nut as at c².
Figures 4 and 4 show an arrangement wherein instead of having radial slots
the chuck or plate A has bosses B split at their upper ends so as to be capable
of being clamped round the bar o by means of a screw K the said bar o carrying
the swivelling cutter holder G. The plate A is preferably fitted with as many
bosses B as it will conveniently hold they being arranged at varying distances
from the centre of the chucks. By means of the screw i the holder G can be fixed
at any desired angle.
An excellent form of chuck is shewn in figure 40 consisting of arms a wide
apart and connected at their outer extremities by a ring a² Loose segments 2
with holes therein for the reception of the cutter bars reach from arm to arm and
can be boited thereto. By this means it is possible to change the segments for
others or to use them in any suitable position they being adjustable by shifting
their securing screws in the slots in the said arms a
Figures 11 and 11ª represent respectively in sectional elevation and plan
chuck in which the angle of the cutters is determined by the angle at which th
holes for receiving the cutter tubes are bored. The periphery of the chuck opposit
the holes is split as shewn clearly in Figure 11ª and the cutter holder tubo n ca
be fixed therein by means of the clamping screws and nuts k. The tube n is bore
excentrically so that by turning it the cutter can be adjusted radially to the chuc
centre and by moving the said tube n in or out an adjustment in the directio
of the cutter axis is given. In Figure 11 a cutter is shewn splitting. Figure 11
shows the same general arrangement but with the cutter shewn in position f
shaving.
The revolving chucks or plates carrying the cutters may be carried on a machi
of the general form of an ordinary planing machine or of a drilling machine (radi
or otherwise) operating so that the cutters are carried round in horizontal plan
or the cutters are made to revolve in vertical planes in which case the chuck w
be carried on a saddle capable of sliding vertically on the face of a suital
standard
Figure 19 shows a chuck C constructed to carry cutters as herein before descrit
1

page_text: out attached to a slide carried by the chuck A similar to that shewn in Figures 4
and 5. Through the shaft of the chuck A which shaft is hollow passes a shaft d
to give motion to the chuck C by means of bevel gear similar to the means
employed for giving motion to the spindle of a radial drilling machine. To make
5 room for the chuck C and its mechanism one or two of the arms a a of the chuck A
may be left out Thus the said chuck C becomes a sort of planetary chuck which
is capable of being rotated independently whilst being carried round on the
revolving chuck A. The object is more especially to work sunk surfaces with a
small chuck which whilst working small angles shall at the same time be able to
dress large surfaces.
The chuck may be carried on a machine of special construction which for many
purposes would possess advantages. This machine is shown in elevation in
Figure 34 and in plan in Figure 35. It consists as follows:-a pillar B is bolted
to the bedplate A, c c are arms projecting from a central socket which is bored to
fit upon the upper part of the pillar B and rests on the shoulder b (one of the
arms c is shewn broken away in Figure 35). D D' D' are pedestals over which
the outer ends of either of the arms cc' may be brought. Their height is such
that when the ends of the arm are brought over them they rest upon them and
are secured firmly to them by the bolts cc (the pedestal opposite D³ is not shewn
in the drawing). e e² aro respectively V edged and flat rails bolted to the
foundation plates. E E aro tables which slide on the said rails and are worked by
the worms d d d gearing into worm racks under the said tables; f f represent
bevel gear for driving the said worms. Two pairs of gear wheels gg (Figure 35)
are provided either pair of which can be put in motion by means of the clutch h
The one pair gives the slow working and the other pair the quick speed; ii are
open and cross belt pullies to reverse the movement. Each of the arius c c carries
a chuck or plate G (though only one is shewn) but it will be understood that each
chuck or plate is provided with the mechanisin described with respect to one of
them. His a Belt pulley by which through the intermediate bevel and spur
gearing hk m the chucks or plates G are made to revolvo; J is a hand wheel for
operating the worm j.; worm wheol j and rack j³ for raising and lowering the
chuck. The spur pinion & being carried by the bracket on the cylinder K rises
and falls with the chuck. K is a cylinder which carries the vertical shaft m on
the lower end of which the chuck G is keyed. On the lower end of this cylinder K
is cast a ring N strengthened by ribs to take the upward pressure of the chuck
when working. L is a clamping screw by which the cylinder K when set, is
firmly held on the socket of the arm.
to the work to be done and the cutters are fixed upon it in various ways as already
The chucks may have different forms suited
described. When the arms stand across the lines of rails their ends resting on
the pedestals D D³ the chucks are in the position marked by the circles 1 and 3
and are conveniently placed for surfacing or sinking When the arms are placed
in line with the rails with the ends resting on the pedestal D' and that opposite to
it, the chucks would be in the positions marked by the circles 2 and 4 and in this
position are conveniently placed to dress the edges of stones or to form mouldings.
Two stones can in this position be worked at the same time, and (if required) by
both chucks. The chucks and tables are preferably set at different levels so that
in positions 2 and 4 the chuck at 2 can dress one part and that at 4 the other part
of a deep moulding.
With a view to enlarging the capabilities of those machines in which the chuck is
not carried upon a moveable or radial arm I sometimes make the bed of the machine
with slides at right angles to one another on either of which the table or tables
carrying the stones can move.-For the purpose of utilizing the surfacing capacity
of the chuck the table would travel between the standards carrying the chuck.
These standards are preferably made similar to those of a steam hammer. By
making a table or tables travel on the rails which pass at right angles to those
unning between the standards on either side of the latter the edges of one or two
tones can be moulded by the chuck at the same time the standards being too

page_text: close together to admit of the stones passing between them so that their suges
could be presented to the chuck.
My Invention further relates to an arrangement for producing arrises by one,
or by more than one, auxiliary chuck. The simple chuck shewn in Figures 11
and 11 and already described is well adapted for this object. Figures 36, 364 6
and 36 are respectively an elevation a plan and a transverse section shewing a
machine suitable to work one or more than one small auxiliary chuck in com-
bination with a large chuck. In the drawing two small chucks F' F' and one
large chuck F are shown.
The two small chucks F¹ F' are so adjusted that they cut the arriss in advance 1
of the larger chuck F and dress a short distance into the edges of the stone. The
arisses being cut they are not liable to be broken down by the cutters of the large
chuck which follow and completo the surface. The cutters in the large chuck can
be worked in sets but even should there not be as much room on the small chucks
for as many sets as the large chuck carries the increased number of revolutions 1
at which the smaller chucks can be worked compensates for this. Thus if the
large chuck making Twenty four revolutions per ininute had sets of cutters with
a feed of the stone of 1/4 of an inch for each set or 1/8th of an inch per revolution
or three inches per minute, the small chuck with one set would have to make six
times as many revolutions for the same feed per minute. The auxiliary chucks
shewn in Figures 36. 364 36³ are on a straight slide have vertical adjustment
and can be set at an angle for bevelling off edges. All three chucks are attached
to the same cross slide and can bo moved up or down on standards S S.
th
The large chuck F has a ring R which bears up against a corresponding ring or
ringsegment on the crossbeam. In Figuro 36 one of a series of antifriction rollers
is shown at which rollers bear on the ring R and have their spindles in eccentric
bushes to allow of adjustment.
The principle of auxiliary chucks is of course applicable to side dressing machines
and where chucks are employed with driven cutters.
It will be generally necessary to give the auxiliary chucks a slight inclination
so that the cut slants slightly upwards towards the middle of the stone that is to
say the arriss will be slightly below the finished surface to escape touch by the
cutters of the chuck F.
My Invention further relates to the adaptation of a cutter bar to the purpose
of turning or dressing the periphery of grindstones substantially as in the following
description.
Figure 24 is a plan Figure 25 an elevation and Figure 26 a side view of a
A is the
grindstone dresser constructed according to this part of my Invention.
bed, having V slides a a and ears bb the latter for the purpose of bolting the bed A
to the grindstone trough. B is the cutter holder with V slides b to fit on the
slides a a.
C is a screw by which the holder B is moved along the bed A the
said screw C working into a nut carried in a fork or bracket F projecting from
the holder B.
To protect the screw C from grit, a shield 8 is cast on the bed A. o is the cutter
bar carried in the front and back bearings of the holder B as already described
with reference to figure 13. E is a cylindrical hoop surrounding the cutter bar with
a projection p and a slut o² The bar o can slide in this hoop for adjustment to the
stone to be dressed and is fixed in the desired position by the screw ƒ The set
screw H presses against the hoop E and holds the cutter & carried by the bar o up
to its work
The projection p on the hoop E rests on the edge g of the hollow trough which
lies under the said hoop and prevents the said hoop and the bar o from turning
round when working. When the bar o is turned over the projection 2 rests or
the edge g'. It will be understood from Figure 244 (which represents a pla
of the apparatus operating on a stone) that when working the invariable
tendency is for the bar o to turn round against the stop and not in the othe
direction,

page_text: The operation of dressing the stone with this machine is as follows :-
In Figure 24 the cutter drawn in full in position 1 is dressing across tho
periphery of the stone in the direction indicated by the arrow the said cutter
being worked by turning the screw C. When it has arrived about half way across
the stone it is advantageous to allow the cutter to gradually withdraw by slacking
the set screw H so that it will run out of cut into the position shewn at 2. The
cutter is then worked across the stone (out of cut) to the position shewn at 3, the
bar o is then turned over so that the projection p rests on the edge g' and the
cutter is set into cut by the screw H and the face is finished.
To dress a true arriss the cutter is brought into the position shewn at 4 and
caused to move in the direction of the arrow 2 by means of the screw H the said
entter shaving the side of the stone as it proceeds. The cutters are preferably the
thin cones which always keeps serviceably sharp whilst they wear or supported
thin cones as in Figure 124
My Invention further relates to machines for the manufacture of grindstones.
The said machines are composed of two distinct parts one by which the sides of
the stone are dressed or turned (hereinafter explained with reference to Figures
27. 28. 30. 31 and 31*) and the other by which the edge or periphery of the stone
is turned (hereinafter explained with reference to Figures 21. 22. 23. 27 and 284)
To describe in the first place the former with reference to figures 27 and 28 The
grindstone A is carried on the shaft B and rotated by any suitable means. C C¹
are two beams framed together by the crosspieces C This frame slides on cross
sills F F and between guides HL Hall of which are fixed to the foundation.
Motion is given to the frame C C C by means of a screw f working into a nut e
held in one of the cross pieces C². The said scrow f is driven off the countershaft a
by the bevel wheel and pinion hi and the said shaft G is driven off the shaft on
which the stone is fixed. The belt over the pulleys T' and V₁ gives the working
speed that over the pulleys T and V gives the quick return speed. Each of the
beans C C carries a cutter holler with one or more than one cutter. They are
shewn in the Drawing as carrying three cutters each. The cutter holder K on the
beam C is on a slide I fixed to the end of the said beam to adunit of adjustment
of the cutters to different thicknesses of stones. The cutterholder on the beain C¹
is shewn as a fixture but it also may be mounted on a slide similar to that of the
holder on the beam C.
For further and independent adjustment to the face of the stone each cutter
is carried on a cutter bar (of any of the forms herein described) which can be
put forward or drawn back in its socket and be fixed in position by a set screw.
Figure 28B shews in detail one socket with a cutter bar and lever attached, the
parts being marked with letters of reference the same as are used upon the herein-
before described arrangements, but with certain of the cutters, as hereinafter
explained, a lever is provided fixed to the bar o by the screw so that the said
bar and the cutters can be turned in the holder g by means of the said lever, as
hereinafter explained.
In the drawing the three cutters shewn are marked x. y. z. Of these x takes
the first or outermost cut, y the next cut, and the finishing cut. The movement
of the cutter as the frame C C C advances is in a radial line towards the centre
of the grindstone but this is not the case with the cutters x and y. It will be
understood that as the cutters are inclined more or less to the face of the stone,
it is necessary, in order to work properly, that the point of contact or cut must lio
in or near a straight line passing through the centre of the cutter and the centre
of the grindstone, and it will be seen that in the case of the cutter this line
varies as the cutter advances from the nearly horizontal position m n to tho
inclined position p 9 as shewn by the lines marked with these letters in Figure 31.
The variation in the case of the cutter y is not quite so great. The levers M and N
(see Figures 27 and 28) are coupled by a link m² and the lever N is connected by
the rod m³ to the bell crank lever P centred on a bracket W which is bolted to the
beam C. As the frame moves forward the stud p³ on the extremity of the one

page_text: arm of the lever P moves also along a guiding groove s³ in the piece S (which is
fixed on the guide H¹) and thereby causes the lever P to turn on its centre and
so move over the levers N and M. The same arrangement is on the beam C' as
shewn in Figure 28. It will be seen that by this means the cutters x and y will
be automatically moved to the requisito position as the frame C C C advances
owing to the studs p² following the grooves a³.
Figures 31 and 31ª show in plan and elevation a modified arrangement of
cutters wherein the cutter x is above the cutter y which is below the centro so
that the said cutters requiro to be turned in reverse directions The lever of the
cutter is attached to and works the lever of the cutter y as shown clearly in the
drawing and the required adjustments are thus effected.
Figure 30 shews in elevation a modified arrangement of the machine wherein
the cutterholders are attached to the ends of the beams C C' as before described
but instead of being moved forward in a straight line the frame turns on an axle
at g and is raised by balance weights or any other convenient means till the
cutters are above the circumference of the stone to be dressed or turned and in the
operation of dressing it is brought down by means of the worm & working in the
toothed segmental rack H secured to the foundation. Motion is imparted to the
worm d by a worm and worm wheel ab the said worm being operated by a belt
from a pulley on the axle g' and the said axle receives its motion by a belt from
the grindstone shaft. The worm & can be thrown out of gear to allow the frame
C, C³, C³ to be raised. As in the arrangement Figures 27 and 28 it is here likewise
necessary to turn the cutters x and y as they descend to make them always attack
the stone in the proper direction. To effect this the levers M N are connected by
rods m to the lever P which is keyed on a rocking shaft Q on the other end of
which is another lever R connected by a rod me to the fixed centre Ss and as the
frame descends the effect of this arrangement of rods and levers is to turn round
the cutter bars as required.
If in any of the above arrangements concentric cutters can be employed they
would be placed in the socket of the cutter and then the cutters x and y and the
levers and rods for moving them will be unnecessary. This simplification would
also be adopted if a single cutter & on each arm be found sufficient.
Figures 21 and 22 shew an arrangement of concentric cutters applied to cutting
the periphery of the stone.
The part of the Machine by which the edge or periphery of the stone is turned
is illustrated in side elevation in figure 274 and in plan in figure 28. B* B* are
beams bolted to the foundation and C3 C3 are sills connecting the beams B* B*
together, on which sills slides the moveable frame consisting of two side beams
DD and a central beam D' connected by cross ties. B³ B³ are pedestals bolted to
the beams B B and carrying the shaft d upon which is keyed the pinion e which
gears into the rack f bolted to the central beam D'. By turning the shaft d by a
hand winch or by other means the frame D is moved to and fro within the fixed
frame B².
Upon the frame D is bolted the slide E which carries the slide rest F, 9, g' are
the cutter holders, the holder g being formed in one piece with or bolted as a
fixture on the slide rest F but to meet the requirements of stones of varying
thickness the holder g' is a separate piece and can be bolted to the slide rest Fat
different distances from the other holder g In the cutter holders are placed cutter
bars o of one or other of the forms hereinbefore described. At k k are set screws
for fixing the bars o in position. k' is a screw acting on the end of the bar o
carrying the cutter by which it may be allowed gradually to run back out of
the cut.
The operation of the Machine is as follows:-
The cutters y and z aro fixed in position, the cutter being in advance of the
cutter y The stone rotating on its shaft, the slide rest F is moved on the slide E
so as to bring the cutters in the holder g¹ into contact with the stone. The said
cutters immediately commence to rotate, their periphery rolling on the stone and

page_text: chipping it as they advance. When by the movement of the slide rest F the
cutters are about half way across the breadth of the stone the set screw k¹ is
gradually unscrewed allowing the cutter z to recede from the stone thus forming
a sloping face. When the cutters is thus out of cut the movement of the slide
rest F is reversed and the cutters upon g which are set to take the same depth of
cut as those on g' are brought into play and commencing from the other side of
the stone finish the operation; single cutters on each side may be employed.
A grindstone dresser as already described can also be used for dressing the
periphery or whilst employing say two cutters as shewn in figure 23 one on each
side they can be on separate slides worked by a screw with right and left handed
threads By turning the said screw r the cutters will approach each other as
indicated by the arrows and dress the stone simultaneously. The cutters can be
set at different levels so that their cuts can overlap each other.
I will now describe the machine constructed according to this Invention for
turning grindstones without holes in their centres. Figure 32 is an elevation and
figure 33 is a plan of this machine. A is the grindstone being turned. B is a
circular table on which the stone to be turned is placed. C is a pivot to which the
table is bolted and on which it revolves and which is contained in the socket D
and is stepped in the foot brass d. E is a ring with bevelled teeth bolted to or
formed on the under side of the table B into which ring gears the bevel pinion F
by which the table is rotated. G is the shaft carrying the pinion F which receives
its motion from any convenient prime mover. His a clamp placed radially in a
slot formed on the underside of the table B, the said clamp having teeth h on its
under edge gearing into the worm a By means of a handle on the square b of the
worm shaft c, the clamp H can be moved in or out in its slot. On the inner end
of the shaft c, is a bevel pinion e, gearing into a bevel wheel f, which is concentric
with the axis of the table and is free to revolve round the pivot C. There are
two other similar clamps the three being arranged at equal distances from one
another round the circumference of the table. Simultaneous movement is given
to the three clamps by means of the bevel pinions e which all gear into the
wheel. By this means a handle placed on any one of the squares b will act on
all the clamps with the result that a stone will be held by them centrally on the
table. For clamping small stones a piece i projecting towards the centre of the
table may be fixed on the inner face of each clamp Has shewn in dotted lines in
figure 32. J is the bed plate the extremities of which are formed to receive
pillars K L. Upon the upper end of the pillar K is hinged the horizontal beam M
upon which is bolted the slide N. At one of its extremities the slide N is
continued in the form of a box having hingepieces g corresponding to the hinge
piece g on the pillark One end of the beam M enters into this box and is
secured therein by suitable bolts. At its other end the slide N is continued with a
horizontal plate n which when the beam M is in place for working rests on the
top of the pillar L, being guided into its exact place by the steady pin p and
secured to the said pillar by the boltsoo Upon the slide N are placed the two
cutter carrying sliders PQ. The cutters y on the slider P dress the horizontal
face and the cutters y¹ on the slider Q dress the vertical periphery or edge of
the stone while it rotates with the table on to which it is secured by the clamps H
as herein before described. Separate cutters y z and concentric cutters y³ 2¹ are
shewn but any suitable arrangement of cutters can be used. The movement of
the slider carrying the cutters y z across the face of the stone is effected by means
of the bevel wheels ra, the worm t on the shaft t' and worm wheel u and screw u²
The worm shaft t¹ is in two parts which are connected for purposes of rotation by
the clutch x. Before raising the bean M this clutch is disengaged by means of
the lever w by which also the movement of the slider P along the slide N can be
arrested when desired. The movement of the slide carrying the cutters y¹ z¹
whether horizontally along the slide N or vertically down the slide R is effected
by hand by means of handles applied to the squares at the ends of the screws u³
respectively.
or

page_text: The stone being dressed on one side and the edge dressed part way down the
beam M is raised by the eye bolt V until it is in a vertical position or nearly so
and the stone is then raised by suitable dogs and is turned over and placed with
the dressed side downwards as shewn in figure 32 and is refixed by the clamps H
The beam M is then lowered into its working position the cutters brought to bear
and the stone finished.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into effect I
would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original and
therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the hereinbefore in part recited
Letters Patent is :-
First In machinery or apparatus for dressing, shaping, planing, sinking,
turning and moulding stone, or the like, the employment of thin conical rolling
cutters, constructed and arranged substantially as hereinbefore described with
reference to Figure 12 of the accompanying drawings.
Second In the said Machinery, or apparatus, the employment of conical or
tubular revolving cutters, mounted concentrically, and so arranged that their axes
of rotation shall coincido and that they shall be free to roll independently of one
another, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
Third-In the said Machinery, or apparatus, the combination of a circular rolling
cutter, or cutters, operating to split off with a similar cutter, or cutters, operating
to shear or shave off, the splitting off cutter, or cutters, being placed relatively to
the shearing off cutter, or cutters, so as to act either in advanco, or in arrear, or in
the same plane with it, or them, substantially as hereinbefore described with
reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fourth In the said Machinery, or apparatus, the employment of a circular
rotating cutter, or cutters, arranged on a revolving plate or chuck, or on revolving
arms, so as to shear or shave off the substance to be removed; when there is more
than one cutter, the several cutters being arranged so as to cut either on the same
level, or on different levels, they being in one, or in more than one set, and the cut
formed thereby in the substance to be removed being concave or convex, according
to the inclination of the cutters and the movement of the stone relatively to the
chuck, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 1, 3, 34 and
9B of the accompanying drawings.
Fifth. In the said Machinery, or apparatus, the arrangement of circular rotating
cutters on a revolving plate or chuck, or on revolving arms, so as to produce straight
or curved mouldings, substantially as herein before described with reference to Figures
4, 44, 4B and 5 of the accompanying drawings.
Sixth The construction of cutter holders as shown in Figures 13, 10, 17 10, 4
The cutter holders 16, 17, 4 having an additional holder (preferably a tube) in
which the cutter spindle or bush revolves, the said holder being bored centrically,
excentrically, or at an angle, and held in such a manner that it can be easily
adjusted, or taken from its place for grinding purposes, substantially as described.
In figure 18, the cutter bush being placed at an angle to the axis and contained in
a round bar.
Seventh-The construction of chucks, as shown in Figures 4, 5, 4º 4º, 9³, 11,
11B, substantially as hereinbefore described.
Eighth-The combination of concentric revolving cutters, and of cutters
combined as claimed by the third claiming Clause, with means for giving a
reciprocating motion of either the cutters, or the stone, the said reciprocating
motion being either rectilineal or curvilinear, or compounded of the two, substan-
tially as herein before described with reference to figures 8 and 8ª of the
accompanying drawings.
Ninth In the said Machinery, or apparatus, the arrangement of the coinbined
cutters mentioned in the preceding claim for the purposes of turning, and the com-
bination of a slide-rest carrying a cutter bar, with a worm-wheel, or other

page_text: equivalent means, for turning the cutter holder as the work may require, substan-
tially as hereinbefore described with reference to figures 9, 9 and 18 of the
accompanying drawings.
Tenth In the said Machinery, or apparatus, the employment of a revolving
plate or chuck, or spindle, fitted with a slide upon which the cutter holder or holders
are fixed substantially as herein before described and illustrated in Figures 6 and 6ª
of the accompanying drawings.
Eleventh: In the said Machinery, or apparatus, the combination of two or more
circular rotating cutters operating conjointly to produce a groove by shearing or
shaving, and means whereby either the chuck or the stone can be moved, so that
the groove produced can be extended so as to become a sunk surface, substantially
as herein before described with reference to Figures 6, 64, 6, 6° and 6º of the
accompanying drawings
Twelfth The combination with the revolving plate or chuck, as herein described,
of a second planetary chuck or chucks whose axis or axes of rotation is or are
carried upon, or by, the central or main chuck, and capable of being rotated inde-
pendently of it and of being at the same time carried by the main chuck or arm
round the central axis, substantially as herein before described and illustrated in
Figure 19 of the accompanying drawings.
Thirteenth-The construction of machine for the purpose described, the said
machine being provided with pillars, or supports, supporting one or more arms,
each arm carrying a revolving chuck or chucks and resting at the outer end, when
placed for working, on the pedestals or supports, and also with an arrangement
whereby, when the arms are placed parallel to the lines of rail on which the tables
move, the cutters mounted upon the chucks can act on the edge of two stones at the
same time, all substantially as herein before described with reference to Figures 34
and 35 of the accompanying drawings.
Fourteenth-The employment of auxiliary chucks for dressing ȧrrises, whether
with cutters caused to roll by simple contact, or by mechanical means, substantially
as herein before described.
Fifteenth-In machinery for cutting grindstones, the combination of one or
more circular rolling cutters, with an arm, or arms, which is, or are, caused to be
moved in a plane, or planes, parallel to the surface of the stone to be dressed, the
movement of such arms being in a straight line, or if hinged, through an arc, and
of a slide fixed on such arm, or arms, for the purpose of adjusting the cutters to
the work, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 27 to
31ª of the accompanying drawings.
Sixteenth-The means for causing cutters, when not moving radially, whilst
dressing the sides of a revolving stone, to be brought, as the work proceeds, into
proper position to attack the stone, substantially as herein before described and
illustrated in Figures 27 to 31 of the accompanying drawings.
Seventeenth-The combination of an arm, or arms, for dressing the sides of
grindstones, with apparatus for dressing the periphery, substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in Figures 27, 27 28 and 284 of the accompanying
drawings.
Eighteenth-The arrangement and combination of parts constituting the
machine, or apparatus, for cutting or dressing grindstones hereinbefore described
and illustrated in Figures 27 and 28 of the accompanying drawings Also that
illustrated in Figures 27 and 28. Also the combination of the two. Also the
modifications described with reference to Figures 30, 31, 314 22 and 23.
Nineteenth-The Machines for cutting, or dressing, grindstones without holes
substantially as herein before described and illustrated in Figures 32 and 33 of the
accompanying drawings.
Twentieth-The grindstone dresser, substantially as described and illustrated
with reference to Figures 24, 25, 26 and 244, and consisting of a slide rest with a
round bar containing the cutter bush at an angle, so that, turning over the bar
will reverse the angle of the cutter, and means for adjusting and moving the bar.
"

page_text: Twenty-first A holder fitted for carrying a roller cutter suitable for fixing in a
slide rest, the same either with a bar, as shown in Figure 15³, or without, as in
Figure 15, in both cases furnished with bevelled projections X X for the purpose
of determining the angle at which the cutter is to be set; also the construction
enabling the reversal of the cutter bush, so as to constitute the tool left or right
handed as required.
'
In witness whereof I the said Frank Trier have to this my specification set
my hand and seal this Eighteenth day of July One thousand eight hundred and
eighty three.