A MACHINE OR IMPLEMENT TO BE EMPLOYED ON LAND SOWN WITH TURNIPS TO PROTECT) 'THEM FROM THE RAVAGES OF THE FLY, APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE PROTECTION OF OTHER CROPS
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Frederick Padwick, of Hayling Island, in
the County of Hants, Gentleman, for the Invention of "A MACHINE OR
IMPLEMENT TO BE EMPLOYED ON LAND SOWN WITH TURNIPS TO PROTECT) 'THEM
FROM THE RAVAGES OF THE FLY, APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE PROTECTION OF OTHER
CROPS."
Sealed the 18th February, 1859, and dated the 19th August 1858..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Frederick
Padwick at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Peti-
tion, on the 19th August 1858.
I, WILLIAM FREDERICK PADWICK, of Hayling Island, in the County of
Hants, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A MACHINE OR IMPLEMENT TO BE EMPLOYED ON LAND SOWN WITH TURNIPS, TO
PROTECT THEM FROM THE RAVAGES OF THE FLY, APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE PROTECTION
OF OTHER CROPS," to be as follows:-
This machine consists of a combined liquid and dust, grit, or powder dis-
tributor, to be employed on land sown with turnips, when the young plants
appear, for the purpose of damping the plants and depositing upon them while
damp, so that it may adhere thereto, dust, road sand, or other granular
material or substance, in a powdered state; plants thus treated will-not be
attacked by the fly.

page_text: For the protection of wheat and other grain crops the implement may be
made to deposit soot and lime, or soot or other known protecting agent upon
the plant.
Upon a suitable frame, and mounted upon wheels, I place a cylindrical or
other vessel for holding water or other liquid. This liquid vessel is furnished
with a pipe extending across the implement, fitted with cocks in various parts,
some of which are opened to come over the rows or drills of plants. Under
the taps is a wire gauze or rose spreader for the purpose of depositing the
liquid in a fine shower upon the plants. A hopper extending across the
implement is supported upon the frame behind the liquid vessel. This hopper
contains the dry material to be applied over the moistened plants. The
hopper has a shaft, with arms revolving in it, for the purpose of delivering the
contents into as many shoots, provided with adjustable posts, as there are rows
of plants between the wheels of the implement. From the shoots the material
falls into sieves, which have a jogging motion imparted to them, and which
distribute the dust, grit, soot, or other. dry material over the plants.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Frederick Padwick,, in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 19th February 1859.
3.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
FREDERICK PADWICK, of Hayling Island, in the County of Hants, Gentleman,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of
Her reign did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said William Frederick Padwick, Her special licence that I, the said
William Frederick Padwick, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said William Frederick Padwick, my executors, admi-
nistrators and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "A MACHINE OR IMPLEMENT TO BE EMPLOYED ON LAND
SOWN WITH TURNIPS, TO PROTECT THEM FROM THE RAVAGES OF THE FLY, APPLICABLE
ALSO TO THE PROTECTION OF OTHER CROPS," upon the condition. (amongst others)

page_text: that I, the said William Frederick Padwick, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Frederick Padwick, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say:-
This machine consists of a combined liquid and dust, grit, or powder.
distributor to be employed on land sown with turnips, when the young plants
appear, for the purpose of damping the plants, and depositing upon them
while damp, so that it may adhere thereto, dust, road sand, or other
granular material or substance in a powdered state; plants thus treated
will not be attacked by the fly.
For the protection of wheat and other grain crops, the implement may be
made to deposit soot and lime, or soot alone, or other known protecting
agent upon the plant.
Upon a suitable frame, and mounted upon wheels, I place a cylindrical or
other vessel for holding water or other liquid. This liquid vessel is furnished
with a pipe extending across the implement, fitted with cocks in various parts,
some of which are opened to come over the rows or drills of plants. Under
the taps is a wire gauze or rose spreader for the purpose of depositing the
liquid in a fine shower upon the plants. A hopper extending across the im-
plement is supported upon the frame behind the liquid vessel. This hopper
contains the dry material to be applied over the moistened plants. The
hopper has a shaft, with arms rocking in it, for the purpose of delivering the
contents into as many shoots, provided with adjustable parts, as there are rows
of plants between the wheels of the implement. From the shoots the
material falls into sieves which have a jogging motion imparted to them, and
which distribute the dust, grit, soot, or other dry material over the plants.
Figure 1, of the accompanying Drawings, is a side elevation of a machine
constructed according to my Invention. Figure 2 is a plan, and Figure 3 is
an end view of the same. A, A, is the frame of the machine, supported upon
wheels B, B; C is a cylinder fixed to the frame A. This cylinder has a
nozzle D formed at its lower part, into which a plug a screws; the nozzle
forms a reservoir for any dirt or sediment that may be contained in the water

page_text: or other liquid placed in the cylinder, and the hole which is formed in its
lower part, but is shewn in the Drawing closed by the plug a, serves as an
outlet for such dirt or sediment. The cylinder C is made air-tight, and has at
its upper part a syphon pipe E attached to it by means of the union joint b
the pipe extends to the bottom of the cylinder, and enters the nozzle or
reservoir D, thus insuring its immersion in the liquid when the machine is in
motion. This pipe E is placed in connection with a horizontal pipe F, to
which a number of taps c. c, are fitted. Water or other fluid is pumped into
the cylinder C by the force pump G, the connection being made through the
pipe d. His a master tap in the syphon pipe E, and I is a gauge to indicate
the height of water in the cylinger C; J is a frame, holding a fine wire
grating or sieve on which the fluid from the pipe F falls, causing it to spread
and fall on the crops to be operated on in fine showers; K is a frame for
regulating the height of the frame J; L is a hopper at the back of the
machine for containing dust, ashes, or other suitable materials which are pre-
vented from adhering together by means of the stirrer M, worked as hereafter
described. On the same axle as the wheel B', I key a cog wheel O, which is
geared into by the pinion O¹, working in bearings formed in a support fitted
to the frame A. P is a clutch on the same shaft as the pinion O¹, against
which the eccentric or crank e works, carrying with it the rod Q, which is
linked to a lever f, and carries the rocking shaft or rod f¹, passing across the
machine at the back of the hopper. The rod Q is also connected by means of
the rod to the stirrer M, and imparts motion thereto. To this shaft f, the
shovels, scrapers, or plates R, R, (a detached view of one of which is given at
Figure 4) are also attached. It will be seen that as the wheels revolve, the
eccentric e will impart a to-and-fro motion to the rod Q. and this rod will give
a similar movement to all the scrapers, as well as to the stirrer M. This
motion of the scrapers and stirrer is intended to keep the ashes in continual
commotion, and tend to force them out through the apertures in the bottom of
the hopper; Q, Q1, are slides at the back of the hopper to regulate the size
of the apertures through which the ashes are to pass. The hopper will be
more clearly understood by reference to Figure 5, where it is shewn in vertical
section, and the stirrer is worked by means of a handle N, instead of in the
manner before described. S, S, are shoots fitted to the lower part of the
hopper; and S¹, S¹, are trays with wire bottoms on which the ashes fall and
pass from thence to the crop ; s is a rod on which the trays rest, the height of
which can be regulated by the pin t in the slot u. T is a roller or r joggler
composed of three or more rods revolving on one centre, for giving a joggling
motion to the trays S', S'. This joggler is caused to revolve through a pulley
7

page_text: V on the wheel B, round which a strap V' passes to a second pulley W on a
shaft working in the side supports W1; Z, Z, are shafts to which the horse
is attached for drawing the machine.
A hose may be attached to the nozzle D, and the cylinder used for carrying
water or liquid manure; the machine acting as a water or liquid manure cart.
A hose may also be attached to the union joint b, and the machine may be
used as a fire engine. There is a handle provided, not shewn in the Drawing,
for throwing the pulley W out of gear. Various other modifications can be
made in the machine without departing from the essential features of the
Invention.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,-
First, the construction of a machine or implement by which liquid is first
deposited in fine streams, and then dust, ashes, or other like materials on
growing crops, for the purpose of protecting them from the ravages of the fly
and other insects.
And, second, the construction and employment of a machine or implement,
essentially in the manner and for the purposes herein-before described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Frederick Padwick, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of February,
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
W. F. PADWICK. (L.S.