IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING GREASY AND FATTY MATTERS FROM VARIOUS WASTE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for
Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING
GREASY AND FATTY MATTERS FROM VARIOUS WASTE SUBSTANCES."-A com-
munication from abroad by Frederick William Ralph, of Brussels,
in the Kingdom of Belgium.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 4th June 1874.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lanc, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the .
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING
GREASY AND FATTY MATTERS FROM VARIOUS WASTE SUBSTANCES," to be as
follows:-

page_text: The object of this. Invention is to produce a simple and inexpensive
apparatus in which bi-sulphide of carbon may be used for dissolving out
and extracting fatty and oleaginous matters from various waste substances,
such as cotton waste, which has been used for wiping and cleaning
Various
machinery from the oil that will become spilled thereon.
attempts have been made to effect this object, but the apparatus hitherto
devised for the purpose has been open to serious objections, mainly
owing to the difficulty of preventing the bi-sulphate of carbon from

page_text: If all the greasy matters are not removed from the goods at the first
operation the process may be repeated until all the grease is dissolved.
Cocks may be placed at different parts of the apparatus for the purpose
of drawing off and testing the nature or quality of the liquid at various
stages of the process.
When the goods in the close cleansing vessel are free of grease, the
bi-sulphide remaining therein may be driven off by allowing steam to
pass into the vessel and percolate through or among the goods. The bi-
sulphide will be volatilized by this means, and the vapour may be
conducted to the condenser, where it will be reduced to a liquid state,
and may then be run back again into the tank. In this way the bi-
sulphide may be used over and over again, and a large quantity of
goods thoroughly cleansed from grease, with very little waste of the
bi-sulphide.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Scal Patent
Office on the 4th December 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in tho
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said William Edward Newton, Her special
licence that I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Edward
Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING GREASY AND FATTY MATTERS

page_text: FROM VARIOUS WASTE SUBSTANCES," being a communication to me from
abroad by Frederick William Ralph, of Brussels, in the Kingdom of
Belgium, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Edward Newton, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing here-
unto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is
to say) -
The object of this Invention of improved apparatus for extracting
greasy and fatty matters from various waste substances is to produce a
simple and inexpensive apparatus, in which bi-sulphide of carbon may
be used for dissolving out and extracting fatty and oleaginous matters
from various waste substances, such as cotton waste which has been used
for wiping and cleaning machinery from the oil that will become spilled
thereon. Various attempts have been made to effect this object, but the
apparatus hitherto devised for the purpose has been open to serious
objections, mainly owing to the difficulty of preventing the bi-sulphide
of carbon from leaking out.
The apparatus which forms the subject of the present Invention is
shewn in section in the accompanying Drawing. Its construction and
arrangement is such that the escape of the bi-sulphide of carbon is
rendered practically impossible, and when the solvent has been separated
by distillation or otherwise from the fatty matters it can be used over
and over again.
In carrying out the Invention the liquid bi-sulphide of carbon is
placed in a strong closed tank a, a, situated above the level of and con-
nected with the vessel b, b. In this vessel b the cotton waste or other
greasy substance to be operated upon is placed, it being supported a

page_text: short distance from the bottom of the vessel by means of a perforated
false bottom 6*. When the tank a is charged with the bi-sulphide of
carbon liquid, and the close vessel b is charged with the waste cotton or
other greasy substances (and the opening 6¹ made in the fixed cover for
the purpose of charging the vessel has been secured), it will only be
necessary to open the cock c¹ on the pipe c (which connects the tank a
containing the bi-sulphide with the vessel b containing the greasy sub-
stances) and the cock c² on the top or cover of the vessel b (for the
escape of the atmospheric air contained therein), when the vessel 6 will
become filled with the liquid bi-sulphide of carbon. It is found desirable
to allow the bi-sulphide of carbon to remain in the vessel in contact
with the greasy substances for about twenty minutes, so that it may
effectually dissolve out all the grease or oily matters, or become combined
and incorporated with the grease. A further quantity of the liquid bi-
sulphide of carbon is then run from the tank a into the vessel under
the false bottom. The greasy bi-sulphide will then be discharged at the
top through the pipe d (which is provided with a cock d*) into another
close vessel e, the cock e¹ of which is first opened to allow of the escape
of the atmospheric air therefrom. When this vessel is nearly filled with
the greasy bi-sulphide of carbon the cocks e¹ and d* are to be closed and
the cock is opened. Steam may then be admitted from the steam
pipe f¹ by opening the cock f into the closed coil of pipe f*, with
which the interior of the vessel e is fitted. The heat of this steam will
volatilize the bi-sulphide, and when this operation has been continued
for a sufficient time it may be desirable to finish the distilling operation
by means of the coil of perforated pipe f situated near the bottom of
the vessel e, into which steam is admitted by the cock f³, and allowed
to bubble up through the greasy liquid. By this means the whole of
the volatile bi-sulphide of carbon will be driven off from the fixed greasy
matters, and the vapour being conducted by the pipe d¹ to a condenser g
above will be there reduced to a liquid state. It can then be run from
the coiled pipe or worm g¹ back again into the tank a ready to be
used again. The greasy matters which remain at the bottom of the
evaporating vessel e may then be drawn off through a suitable pipe h,
and used for any of the purposes for which they may be applicable.
If all the greasy matters are not removed from the goods in the

page_text: grease
is dissolved out and carried over into the vessel e.
Cocks may bo
placed at different parts of the apparatus, as at i, for the purpose of
drawing off and testing the nature or quality of the liquid at various
stages of the process.
1
All the vessels a, b, and e, are provided with vertical glass gauges,
jjj, for the purpose of indicating the height of the liquid in such
vessels. Cocks c² and e¹ allow of the escape of the atmospheric air with
which the vessels become filled during the charging or discharging
operations, and which, if not removed, would during the distilling
operation pass through the still g into the tank a and materially in-
terfere with the efficient working of the apparatus. These several
escape cocks may be in connection with a pipe or pipes carried up
through the building for the purpose of leading away any noxious
vapours intermingled with the atmospheric air. The vessels 6 and e are
also provided with thermometers k, k, and pressure gauges 1,1, to
indicate the temperature of the contents of such vessels and the pressure
existing therein. The vessel 6 has a man-hole 61 (with suitable fittings
for closing the same), through which it may be charged. There is
also another man-hole 6 with suitable fittings for closing the same at
the lower part of the vessel b, through which the fibrous matters, when
the grease has been extracted therefrom, may be removed from tho
vessel more conveniently than could be done through the upper man-
hole. The vessel e is also similarly provided with man-holes at its upper
and lower part, through which access may be obtained to the interior of
the vessel when required.
When the goods, cotton waste, or other fibrous substances in the close
cleansing vessel b are free of grease, the bi-sulphide remaining therein
may be driven off by allowing steam from the steam pipe f¹ to be
conducted by the branch steam pipe m into the upper part of the
vessel b, as shewn in the figure. If sufficient pressure be used the steam
will force all the liquid bi-sulphide through the fibrous mass in the
vessel and up a vertical pipe n', the cock m³ being opened for that
purpose, and the two-way cock n³ being turned so as to direct the liquid
bi-sulphide by the horizontal pipe n³ to the still g¹, or if desired to the
tank a through the two-way cock n°. By this mode of working the a
steaming may be finished at one operation, with great economy of time
and material. It will however be found in some cases convenient to use

page_text: a pump n, which will draw the liquid through the pipe n¹ from the space
below thic perforated plate 6* (the cock n being opened, and the cocks 15
and n closed), and will force it up the pipe n² into the tank a above.
The steam admitted to the upper part of the vessel b through the pipe m
will percolate through the fibrous mass, and will drive the bi-sulphide
liquid into the space below the perforated plate 6*.
+
Before the fibrous substance is removed from the vessel 6 an atmo-
sphere of steam may be driven through the mass from the coil of
perforated pipe.c. The bi-sulphide of carbon will be volatilized by this
means, and the vapour may be conducted up the pipe p to the condensing
vessel where it will be reduced to a liquid state, and may then be run
back again into the tank a. A small closed tank r is provided between
the extractor 6 and the pump n, into which the bi-sulphide may be
allowed to flow through the cock n' in case of accident to the extractor
or pump. A draw-off cock * is provided at the bottom of the vertical
pipo n to empty it previous to taking the pump to picces for inspection
or repair.
It will be seen that the pipe p communicates with the coiled pipe or
worm g¹ of the condenser, and that the pipe p and also the pipe d' is
provided with a cock for opening or closing the communication with the
worm when required. The bi-sulphide of carbon may thus be used over
and over again, and a large quantity of goods thoroughly cleansed from
grease with very little waste of the bi-sulphide, as none of the vessels
are opened while there are any signs of the bi-sulphide of carbon being
present. A running-off cock q is adapted to the bottom of the vessel 6
for the purpose of running off water or other liquid which may be used
from time to time to cleanse the vessel. The tank a is provided with an
overflow pipe for withdrawing therefrom any excess of water resulting
from the condensation of the steam used in vaporizing the bi-sulphide,
and for blowing off atmospheric air which enters the apparatus during
the operation of charging.
Having now described the Invention that has been communicated to
me as aforesaid, and having explained the manner of carrying the same
into effect, I claim as the Invention secured to me by Letters Patent as
aforesaid the combination and arrangement of the vessels a, b, and e, and
condenser, g¹, as and for the purposes hercin set forth, in which

page_text: apparatus none of the several parts or fittings need be detached for the
purpose of transferring the liquid bi-sulphide of carbon from one vessel
to another, and thus there will be little or no loss or annoyance from
the escape of the bi-sulphide either in the form of liquid or vapour.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, the Second day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.