IMPROVE- ⚫MENTS IN PRINTING THREADS EMPLOYED IN WEAVING
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, Patent Agent, for the. Invention of "IMPROVE-
⚫MENTS IN PRINTING THREADS EMPLOYED IN WEAVING."-A communication
from abroad by Stanislas Vigoureux, of St. Denis, France.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald Brooman
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 29th June 1865.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING THREADS EMPLOYED IN WEAVING," to be as
follows:-
One of the processes employed in the manufacture of woven fabrics consists
in printing the warp threads. Thus a warp is printed before weaving, and in
weaving the weft is distributed over the printed warp. The threads of the
warp like all threads possess elasticity, besides the threads of the warp taken
separately, although united in one equal length of warp do not possess or
retain a mathematical length; the result is, that the patterns printed upon
the threads become deformed if separate threads get displaced, a defect which
frequently takes place in the action of weaving, the displacement even occurs

page_text: the
warp
when the warp is left free. This derangement gives rise to the greatest
defects in the fabric known as veins or "bars." To guard, though very im-
perfectly, against the nature of these defects, small bands have been applied
at intervals upon the warp before the printing, by which means the threads of
have been held breadthwise, but inefficiently lengthwise. When in
this state the surface of the threads is printed, the woven parts of the warp
where the bands occur take less color than those parts where the threads are
free. On the other hand, as the weaving proceeds, it is necessary to remove
the bands, which have been simply used as ties for the threads of the warp,
necessitating as many stoppages in the weaving as there are bands. As will
be readily understood, this process occasions expensive manipulations, and is
attended with many disadvantages; for instance, to apply the bands, to tako
down the warp and prepare it for printing, unequal spreading of the color,
removing of the bands, waste of material employed for the bands, stoppages
in the weaving.
Now this Invention consists in causing the threads to adhere to and be
supported upon a bed, and while thus sustained to receive the necessary
impression, and proceed into the loom. The separation of the threads from
the bed only takes place at the necessary distance for the crossing of the
threads in the weaving.
This Invention may be performed as follows:-As the warp threads are
unwound from their roller they meet a bed formed of canvas, paper, or other
suitable material; the threads and the bed move together and receive a
printing from a cylinder or block. At the same time that the threads receive
the impression the dampness of the color causes the threads to adhere
throughout their entire length to the bed, the thread and bed travel as one
towards the loom to the distance necessary to the crossing of the threads for
weaving. At this point a blade or instrument having a to-and-fro motion
detaches all the threads adhering to the bed, and separates them from it.,
The threads continue their course to undergo the operation of weaving, and
the bed is directed over a roller. The adhesion of the threads may be caused
by the natural stickiness of the threads damped by the color, which ordinarily
possesses a sizing element, or by a special adhesive material applied either
to the threads or to the bed. It is preferable that adhesion should place
throughout the entire length of the threads, nevertheless as the bed serves as
a support to the threads, they may be caused to adhere only for part of their
length, but for their entire breadth.
This Invention for the printing of threads is characterised, 1st, by causing
the threads to adhere for their whole or part of their length to a bed, before,.

page_text: during, or after the printing; 2nd, by the simultaneous motion of the threads
and of the bed to the surface of which they adhere towards the loom after the
printing; 3rd, by the separation of the threads from the bed by a blade or
instrument at the point required for the crossing of the threads in weaving;
4th, by the separate rolling of the bed after the removal of the threads
therefrom; and, 5th, by the continuity of all these operations of adhesion,
impression, motion of the threads and bed together, separation, and weaving
of the printed threads.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 29th December 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by. Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that I, the said
Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during. the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for. "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING THREADS
EMPLOYED IN WEAVING," (communicated to me from abroad by Stanislas
Vigoureux, of St. Denis, France), upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediatley after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is

page_text: to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in. and by
the following statement thereof, that is to say:
:-
:
One of the processes employed in the manufacture of woven fabrics consists
in printing the warp-threads; thus a warp is printed before weaving, and in
weaving the weft is distributed over the printed warp. The threads of the
warp like all threads possess elasticity, besides the threads. of the warp taken
separately, although united in one equal length of warp, do not possess or
retain a mathematical length; the result is that the patterns printed upon
the threads become deformed if separate threads get displaced, a defect which
frequently takes place in the action of weaving, the displacement even occurs
when the warp is left free. This derangement gives rise to the greatest
defects in the fabric known as veins or "bars." To guard, though very
imperfectly, against the nature of these defects, small bands have been woven
at intervals upon the warp before the printing, by which means the threads
of the warp have been held breadthwise, but inefficiently lengthwise.
When in this state the surface of the threads is printed, the woven parts of
the warp where the bands occur take less color than those parts where the
threads are free. On the other hand, as the weaving proceeds, it is necessary
to remove the bands which have been simply used as ties for the threads of
the warp, occasioning as many stoppages in the weaving as there are bands.
As will be readily understood, this process occasions expensive manipulations,
and is attended with many disadvantages; for instance, to apply the bands,
to take down the warp and prepare it for printing, unequal spreading of the
color, removing of the bands, waste of material employed for the bands,
stoppages in the weaving.
Now this Invention consists in causing the threads to adhere to and be
supported upon a bed, and while thus sustained to receive the necessary
impression, and proceed into the loom. The separation of the threads from
the bed only takes place at the necessary distance for the crossing of the
threads in the weaving.
This Invention may be performed as follows:-As the warp threads are
unwound from their roller they meet a bed formed of canvas, calico, paper,
or other suitable material; the threads and the bed move together, and
receive a printing from a cylinder or block. At the same time that the threads
receive the impression, the dampness of the color causes the threads to adhere
throughout their entire length to the bed; the thread and bed travel as one
towards the loom to the distance necessary to the crossing of the threads for
weaving. At this point a blade or instrument having a to-and-fro motion
detaches all the threads adhering to the bed, and separates them from it.

page_text: The threads continue their course to undergo the operation of weaving, and
the bed is directed over a roller. The adhesion of the threads may be caused
by the natural stickiness of the threads damped by the color, which ordinarily
possesses a sizing element, or by a special adhesive material applied either to
the threads or to the bed. It is preferable that adhesion should take place
throughout the entire length of the threads, nevertheless as the bed serves as
a support to the threads they may be caused to adhere only for part of their
length, but across the breadth of the whole of them.
This Invention for the printing of threads is characterised, 1st, by causing
the threads to adhere for the whole or part of their length to a bed, before,
during, or after the printing; 2nd, by the simultaneous motion of the threads
and of the bed to the surface of which they adhere towards the loom after the
printing; 3rd, by the separation of the threads from the bed by a blade or
instrument at the point required for the crossing of the threads in weaving.
4th, by the separate rolling of the bed after the removal of the threads
therefrom; and, 5th, by the continuity or discontinuity of all these operations
of adhesion, impression, motion of the threads and bed together, separation,
and weaving of the printed threads.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of December, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.