IMPROVEMENTS IN PACKING FOR STEAM ENGINES, PUMPS STUFFING BOXES, AND OTHER JOINTS
Year: 1885

page_text: Doxes, and other Joints.
I RICHARD WALMSLEY HARRISON of 48 Darwen Street Blackburn in the county
of Lancaster Mill Furnisher do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PACKING FOR STEAM ENGINES, PUMPS STUFFING BOXES,
AND OTHER JOINTS," to be as follows:-
My invention relates to making packing, composed of lead, block tin, or other
soft metals, combined with any suitable animal, vegetable, or mineral substance
for packing stuffing boxes, pumps, and other joints requiring to be made steam,
air or water tight.
I employ felt, canvas, or other thin fibrous material, made in flat lengths
intermixed or enveloped with layers of lead, block tin, tin foil, white metal, or
other similar soft metallic substance, or it may be made in lengths in rope form
the soft metal in strips or wire being embedded, intermixed, or combined with
fibrous material, which may be twisted plaited, woven, felted, or wrapped together
with or without an envelope or covering of fibrous material; I also use a flat
washer or face plate on one or both ends of the packing rings, this washer may
be applied to any other kind of rings for packing purposes, or it may be used
separately of itself, and may be made of vulcanized indiarubber, with a metal
guaze or canvas insertion, or it may be made of solid white metal, lead, block tin,
or a similar soft metal, or an insertion of such metal.
In order to bevel the strips or tape and rings, when made of strips or flat
narrow lengths in tape form, of any material, by wrapping or coiling, I add an
extra thickness of material to one edge, or it may be formed by compression, and
so when wrapped it forms a tapered or bevelled ring, and is easily inserted in the
stuffing box.
When made in rope form I use white metal, lead, block tin, or similar soft
metal cores (of brass copper or iron) in the strands of the rope or metal strips, or
brass or iron wire, twisted, plaited, or woven with the rope strands.
The lead or tin foil may be fixed to the felt, canvas, or other thin fibrous
substances, and folded or coiled up in a tape form in lieu of being folded

page_text: separately or the lead or tin foil may be laid over the fibrous material in an
envelope form.
Or in making rings by coiling on a 'mandril, the tin foil or sheet metal may be
combined at the time, by being inserted or wrapped on along with the web, tape,
or other fibrous materials from which such rings are made.
DOLL 1002
JOHN E. WALSH,
Crossley Street, Halifax,
Agent for the 'Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Packing for. Steam Engines, Pumps, Stuffing
Boxes, and other Joints.
I RICHARD WALMSLEY HARRISON of 48 Darwen Street Blackburn in the county
of Lancaster Mill Furnisher do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:
My invention relates to making packing, composed partly of lead, or other soft
metal, such metal to be combined with any animal, vegetable or mineral substance,
most suited to the various purposes it may be required in use, for packing stuffing
boxes of steam engines and pumps, and other joints, requiring to be made steam,
air, and water tight..
I make this or any other kind of packing, that is made in flat lengths in the
form of tape, also in rings which are formed by folding, wrapping, coiling or
otherwise; to make it bevelled or tapered to one or both edges, I also use a flat
washer or face plate on one or both ends of packing rings, this washer is applicable
to any other kind of ring or packing, and it can be used separately of itself by
placing it on or between packings in the stuffing box.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figs. 1. 2 and 24 shew elevation and sections of my improved packing in a flat
tape form.
Fig. 3 shews the same packing made up in coiled ring form.
Figs. 4. 5. 6 and CA, slew elevation, plans, and section of taper, or bevelled
rings, with indiarubber insertion, covered with metal, to protect it from grease,
both with and without face plate, or washer.
Fig. 7 shews section of square plaited packing with indiarubber core, protected
with metal, and containing from one to four metal strands. :

page_text: Fig. 8 snews section of round plated packing with marubber Core protected
with metal.
Fig. 9 shews section of packing with a number of indiarubber cores, protected
by metal.
Fig. 10 shews twisted fibrous packing with metal core in each strand, with or
without cover.
Figs. 11, 12, 124, and 13 shew twisted fibrous strands, plaited and twisted
strands, with metal cores, and also coiled layers of metal, preferably laid outside
between the strands, (see Fig. 12ª).
Figs. 14 and 15 shew modified forms of packing.
;
J
When my improved packing is made in length or rope form, I use metal strands,
or metal in thin narrow strips or wires, embedded, intermixed, or combined with
a fibrous material, the same may be twisted, plaited, woven, felted or wrapped
together, then a covering or envelope of fibrous materials, braided knitted, woven
or coiled upon the said rope if required. I also use (see Figs. 14 and 15) metal
sheets strips, or wires, which may or may not be covered with fibrous materials,
to plait, braid, wrap, or coil it upon a core, or rope of packing, the same may be
covered with felt, canvas yarn or other materials, by plaiting, braiding, wrapping,
or coiling, and if required another layer of sheet metal strip, or wire, and again of
the other materials upon it to form the size required, it will be evident that these
packings can be manufactured of round, square, oval, or other sections, either in
the process of making or afterwards by compression, or otherwise, if made in flat
strips or tape (see Figs. 1, 2 and 2A) I use tin foil or metal sheet, cut in widths,
and then folded or wrapped, with canvas, felt, or other fibrous material to make
the required width and thickness, it can be used in this form, wrapping it round
the spindle, piston rod, or ram, until there is sufficient to fill the space in the
stuffing box, or it can be formed into rings to fit any size of gland required, by.
coiling it in layers on a mandril or otherwise, (see Fig. 3) I also use tin foil or soft
sheet metal in rings (see Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 6A) that are made by wrapping or coiling
on a mandril, by inserting or folding the metal along with the canvas, felt, or other
fibrous materials from which such packing rings are made, By the application of
metal as described, (which I prefer to be of a ductile nature, when used for
packings in stuffing boxes of engines and the like) the fibrous and lubricative
materials of the packing are kept firmly together, not being liable to fall in pieces,
and thus better able to resist the pressure that may be brought to bear against it,
it also acts as an antifriction or lubricant, for by the action of the rod or ram
working against it, the soft metal is worn off and worked into the fibrous materials
with which it is intermixed, and thus keeps the rod bright and cool thereby
reducing friction to a minimum. Where necessary more particularly for joint
making (I may or may not use whole or part harder metal such as brass, copper,
and iron, the metal in strands or otherwise, which is combined with the packing,
enables it to be formed into any desired shape, and will adapt itself to any
irregularity there may be in the joint, it also binds the fibrous and other materials
together, thereby making it a safe and permanent joint packing.
When manufacturing these packings, in the various forms described, I apply or
add any of the materials that are generally used in the manufacture of packing
viz vulcanized indiarubber, and compound in solution, asbestos, soapstone, cement,
powdered lead, oil, grease, and other lubricants, and steam stopping, and heat
resisting materials, that may be considered necessary to intermix for the purpose.
The washer or face plate C, is made to fit the end or ends of packing rings
(see Figs. 4 and 6) or the space in the stuffing box, where the packing, is inserted;
the material from which I make this washer is vulcanized indiarubber, and canvas
or metal guaze insertion, or a white metal, such as sheet lead, or block tin, I place
or fix this washer on one or both ends of the packing ring or it can be placed on
or between the layers of packing in the stuffing box, by this method of applying
the washer or face plate, the whole surface is presented to the pressure so as to
more effectually prevent the air, steam, or water from blowing through between

page_text: the folds or layers of the packing, thus preserving and keeping it intact, until it is
actually worm away by the rod.
To bevel packing, that is in flat narrow lengths in the form of strip, or tape,
and rings that are formed in layers of any material by wrapping or coiling, I add
extra thickness of material to one edge, or in the centre, or it can be formed by
compression or otherwise, by this method, the packing is made to form a slight
wedge shape, at both top and bottom, or at one end only, thus the bottom portion
of the ring or packing fits in rather slack, while the top portion or centre is made
to fit in tight, and is easily got into the stuffing box, without injuring the con-
struction of the packing, whereby it is enabled to answer the purpose for which
it is intended.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be I wish it to be understood that
I do not claim, braided copper wire outside of packings, or the single wire core
inside the packings but declare that what I claim is
1. The use of metal sheet, strip, wire, or strands, in combination with other
materials used for making packings, as hereinbefore described and for the purposes
specified.
2. The application of a washer or face plate, made from metal or vulcanized
indiarubber, with woven material insertion, to be attached at one or both ends of
the packing rings as shewn and described.
3. The use of a washer or face plate made from metal or vulcanized indiarubber
with woven material insertion, used separately of itself, by placing it on or between
the layers of packings in the stuffing box, as herein before described and for the
purposes specified.
4. The making of packings bevel, that are wrapped or folded in flat narrow
lengths of any material in the form of strip or tape, also rings that are formed,.
in layers by wrapping or coiling as hereinbefore described, and for the purposes
specified.
5. Covering indiarubber (in constructing packing of any kind) with sheet metal
to protect it from the action of oil, grease or steam, as shewn and described.
Tinted thin downtra nish LI
Ostalo 1005