A CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENT OR CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN TUBES FOR LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER BOILERS
Year: 1849

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
BANISTER, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twelfth day of October,
One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine, in the thirteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
James Banister, my exors, adññors, and assigns, Her especial licence, full
power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said James Banister, my exors,
admors, and assigns, and such others as I, the said James Banister, my
exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and
the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "A CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENT OR CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN TUBES FOR LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER BOILERS;"
in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said James
Banister, should cause a particular description of the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: i
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
James Banister, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof; that is to say: -
My Invention consists,-
.
First, of manufacturing tubes suitable for locomotive and other boilers by
combining three tubes of different metals into one tube.
And, secondly, my Invention consists of a mode of manufacturing tubes of
copper or brass, or other alloys of copper, suitable for the purposes of loco-
motive and other steam boilers. And in order that my Invention may be
most fully understood and readily carried into effect, I will proceed to
describe the means pursued by me.
In carrying out the first part of my Invention, in making each tube I
employ three tubes of different metals,-first, a brass tube; second, an iron
tube; and, third, a copper tube; and I place them one on the other, the
brass tube being on the interior, the iron tube next, and the copper tube
exterior. And in preparing such separate tubes I make them of such sizes
that they will readily enter one within the other in the order I have described';
and I prefer to employ brazed tubes for such purposes, because I can more
readily obtain thin metal tubes for the purpose; and, having placed them one
on the other, I introduce a slightly tapering mandril, and then draw the
'combined tube through a series of dies till they are closely combined;
and, as I employ the tubes in a soft or annealed state when I put them
together, I have not found it necessary to anneal them afterwards between the
successive processes of drawing, seeing that the extent of drawing down is but
small. By this mode of constructing tubes for boilers I can obtain the
advantage of having the beneficial results consequent on using brass where the
rush of the flame and products from the fire takes place, together with the
advantage of having the copper next the water, and the whole stiffened by
the use of iron; but when the fire is to act externally, then the order of
arrangement is to be reversed.
The second part of my Invention consists of new means of joining the seams
of tubes, made of copper, brass, or other alloys of copper. In carrying out
this part of my Invention, I cause the metal to be bent over into the form of a
tube, so that the edges come together; and then, by the edge of a triangular
file, I remove the edges of the metal so as to form, as it were, an angular
gutter. I fill the tube with sand, and I cover the exterior with sand, leaving
à gutter in the sand so as to encrease the size of the gutter made by the
coming together of the chamfered edges of the metal, and in this condition I

page_text: beat the tube to a bright red heat, and I then pour melted metal similar to
that used for the tube into the gutter, which will partially fuse the edges of the
metal of the tube, and then the whole will set into a solid mass; and when the
same is cold I remove the projecting ridge of metal at the seam, and this
is best done by passing it in contact with a circular saw. The tubes thus
made I cause to pass two or three times through between grooved rollers
having a mandril in them; and then I complete them by drawing through
dies with a mandril, as when drawing other similar tubes for like purposes,
and which is well understood. I would remark, that the edges of the metal
at the seam may be removed by other means than by a file, and other
material than sand may
be employed.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the means of
performing the same, I would have it understood that what I claim is,-
First, the manufacture of compound tubes for locomotive and other boilers,
as herein described.
And, secondly, I claim the mode herein explained of joining the seams of
tubes of copper, brass, and other alloys of copper, for locomotive and other
boilers.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Banister, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelfth day of April, One thousand eight hundred
Enrolled the Twelfth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty.