IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING MULES FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Benjamin Dobson, of Bolton, in the County of
Lancaster, Machine Maker, William Slater, of the same Place, Manager,
aud Robert Halliwell, of the same Placc, Foreman, for the Invention of
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Benjamin Dobson, William
Slater, and Robert Halliwell, at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 17th December 1864. .
We, BENJAMIN DOBSON, of Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, Machine
Maker, WILLIAM SLATER, of. the same Place, Manager, and ROBERT HALLI-
WELL, of the same Place, Foreman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING MULES FOR SPINNING AND
DOUBLING," to be as follows:-
In improvements in self-acting mules for spinning and doubling cotton and
other fibrous materials, these improvements consist,-
Firstly, of a lever having its fulcrum on the head stock, the said lever being
used for the purpose of disengaging the drawing-out motion of the carriage;"
disengaging the backing-off cones, and the drawing-up motion of the carriage,
and also changing the strap from the self-acting or loose pulley to the fast or

page_text: spinning pulley at the completion of the stretch, or when the carriage is up at
the beam; the lever also permits the driving strap to be changed from the
spinning pulley on to the self-acting or loose pulley, also permits the backing-
off cones to be put into contact, and permits the drawing-up motion to be put
into contact. The back end of the lever takes into a fork swivelling loose on
the squaring shaft, to this fork is cast a cam acting on a horizontal bar for
taking out of gear the catch box or wheels of the drawing-out motion, the
said catch box or wheels being put into gear by a spring, or the cam may
be made double-acting to produce both the motions, the above lever acting
directly in contact with the various levers used in making the changes. The
above-named lever is similar in construction to the one named in the Patent
granted unto Robert Halliwell, of Bolton (dated 11th May 1858, No. 1058),
but it is different in its action to the one therein named, and is acted upon
in a different manner, as herein-after described.
Secondly, in an arrangement of a vertical bar attached to the carriage
square, the top end of which carries a bowl acting against the under side of
the above-named changing lever, the lower end of the said vertical bar is
acted upon by a weighted lever or spring travelling with the carriage, this
said vertical bar being constantly pressed upwards.
Thirdly, in a catch or latch with three steps for allowing the long lever to
make its three changes with the use of only one catch lever.
Fourthly, in placing a spur wheel on the front roller spindle, the said wheel
driving (by suitable intermediate gearing) a wheel which is loose upon the
squaring or drawing-out shaft, the last-named wheel having one half of a
catch box attached to it, another half of a catch box being fast on the shaft.
The above arrangement we prefer to use when spinning or doubling coarse
numbers.
Fifthly, in a new combination of mechanism for effecting the after stretch,
consisting of a worm fixed on the side shaft which drives the rollers, the said
worm driving a wheel fixed on the top of an upright shaft, on the lower end
of which is placed a bevil wheel, the said bevil wheel drives another bevil
wheel which works loose upon the drawing-out shaft. Attached to the last-
named bevil is another bevil wheel which forms one side of a differential
motion, the other side of which is driven by the spur wheels, as mentioned
fourthly.
Sixthly, in a new combination of mechanism for effecting the after stretch,
consisting of a wheel (placed on the end of the side shaft which drives the
rollers; this wheel is usually termed the back-change wheel) driving an inter-
mediate wheel, and the last-named wheel working into a wheel on the end of

page_text: a horizontal shaft, the other end of which has fixed on it a worm which drives
a worm wheel which has attached to it a bevil wheel forming one side of a
differential motion.
Seventhly, in a new combination of mechanism for effecting the after
stretch, consisting of a worm fixed on the side shaft which is used for driving
the rollers, the said worm driving a worm wheel fixed on one end of a hori-
zontal shaft the other end of which has fixed on it a spur pinion which drives
a spur wheel working loose upon the squaring or drawing-out shaft, the last-
named spur wheel carrying a bevil wheel which forms one side of a differential
motion.
Eighthly, in placing the whole of the differential motion (when fitted on to
the squaring or drawing-out shaft) outside of the framing of the head stock
instead of having it inside the framing.
Ninthly, in an improved mode of giving motion to the self-acting parts of
the mule, consisting of a friction cone, the friction box or outer portion of
which is driven by a band or strap from the driving apparatus of the mule, or
from the main shaft, or from the loose pulley on the rim shaft, without the
intervention of toothed gear; this friction cone is fixed on the second shaft
from the putting-up scroll shaft.
Tenthly, in an improved combination of parts for governing the winding
on. A cam with a double incline is fixed to the copping-faller shaft, this cam
acts on a vertical rod to which a pulley is connected, a chain passing over this
pulley is fixed on one end to the carriage, and the other end, after it has
passed under a pulley on the bell-cranked lever, is secured to a finger fixed to
the counterfaller shaft. When the bottom of the cop is complete the cam
prevents the bell-cranked lever from acting on the band passing over the
pulley for giving motion to the screw of the radial arm. The bell-cranked
lever is prevented from acting on the governor band or strap by means of
two inclines placed on the floor near to the outward and inward run of the
stretch.
Eleventhly, in an improved combination of parts forming the copping
motion when attached to the carriage. The shaper plates are cast together
and act on studs projecting from the shaper rail; the plates and rail are
connected to a frame which is traversed to and fro by the inward and outward
run of the carriage by a rack and pinion in the ordinary manner. The bowl
working on the copping rail is connected to the lower end of a vertical bar
carrying a stud upon which rests the faller leg while the carriage is running
in, the upper end of the faller leg being jointed to an arm fixed to the copping-
faller shaft; to this arm is cast a segment for the chain which pulls the

page_text: copping faller down. A horizontal bar in the carriage supports a pulley under
which the backing-off chain passes to the above-named segment, and also a
stud acting against the faller leg; this bar is constantly pulled by a spring
towards the back of the carriage. When the faller leg catches, the spring
pulis the bar and slackens the the backing-off chain.
Twelfthly, in an improved apparatus for tightening the backing-off chain
as the cop is formed, consisting of an incline acting on the backing-off snail;
this incline is acted upon by the copping motion.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Benjamin Dobson, William Slater, and Robert Halliwell, in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 14th June 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, BENJAMIN
DOBSON, of Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker, WILLIAM
SLATER, of the same Place, Manager, and ROBERT HALLIWELL, of the same
Place, Foreman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said Benjamin Dobson, William Slater, and Robert
Halliwell, Her special license that we, the said Benjamin Dobson, William
Slater, and Robert Halliwell, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said Benjamin Dobson, William Slater, and Robert
Halliwell, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SELF-ACTING MULES FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said Benjamin Dobson, William Slater, and
Robert Halliwell, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should parti-
cularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: KNOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Benjamin Dobson, William Slater,
and Robert Halliwell, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement (that is to say):-
Our Invention consists, first, in an improved mode of constructing and
applying the " long lever" to enable it to perform the various functions
required to effect the changes in self-acting mules.
Secondly, in an improve mode of applying a weighted lever, or any
equivalent agent for actuating the "long lever."
Thirdly, in the use of a catch lever having three steps for retaining the
long lever" in its various positions.
Fourthly, in certain improved combinations of machinery for driving the
squaring or drawing-out shaft, and for imparting the slow outward motion to
the carriage during the second stretch or after draught.
Fifthly, in an improved combination of machinery for driving the squaring
or drawing-out shaft.
Sixthly, in placing the differential motion (when fitted on the squaring or
drawing-out shaft) employed in driving the carriage during the after stretch,
outside of the framing of the head-stock instead of within the framing, as
heretofore.
Seventhly, in the application of a friction apparatus placed on the second
shaft from the putting up scroll shaft, for giving motion to the self-acting parts
of the mule.
Eightly, in the application of a friction cone and pulley for giving motion
to the self-acting parts of the mule without the aid of toothed gear.
Ninthly, in an improved combination of machinery for governing the winding
of the yarn on to the spindles.
Tenthly, in an improved combination of parts forming the copping motion.
Eleventhly, in an improved combination of parts for tightning the backing-off
chain.
And, lastly, in the general arrangement and combinations of the various
portions of machinery forming a self-acting mule for spinning and doubling.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into operation, we will proceed to describe the two accompanying Sheets of
Drawings, reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
On Sheet 1, Fig. 1 is an elevation of a self-acting mule constructed
according to our improvements; Fig. 2 is a plan of the same, and Fig. 3 a
back end view of the beadstock.
On Sheet 2, Fig. 4 is another elevation of the mule; Fig. 5, a front view ; and

page_text: Fig. 6, a detached view of the apparatus for governing the winding-on
motion.
a is the rim shaft, to which is fixed the driving pulley a¹, the interior of
which forms the cone for the backing-off friction pulley a', cast with or
attached to the backing-off wheel a³; a' is a pulley loose on the shaft a; b is
the twist shaft, which is driven by a worm on the rim shaft; c is the drawing
up scroll shaft; c', the drawing-up scrolls, and c³, the check band scroll; dis
the squaring or drawing-out shaft; e, the front roller shaft; f is the winding-on
quadrant and radial arm; g, the carriage square, and g' the carriage supporting
the spindles h, and the faller and counterfaller shafts i and j.
The parts above enumerated, and all the others necessary to complete
the machine, and which are not particularly referred to hereafter, are made
in the usual manner. k is the side shaft for giving motion to the carriage
and drawing rollers; this shaft is driven, as heretofore customary, by the
pinion a fixed on the rim shaft a, gearing into the intermediate wheel k 1,
driving the change wheel fixed to the shaft k; at the other end of this
shaft is fixed the mitre wheel
shaft e; to the wheel e¹ is cast one half of a catch box; the spur wheel e³ is
provided with the other half of the catch box, which is moved into and out of
gear with the catch box on the wheel e to start and stop the drawing rollers
by the elbow lever l, and this lever is acted upon by the incline on the rod 1.
Near the front end of this rod is fixed the finger ³, and near the other end is
the finger ; the spring 1 acting on the vertical arm of the elbow lever lis
for pulling the catch box with the spur wheel e2 into gear when the broad end
of the rod is pushed from under the horizontal arm of the elbow lever l. To
the shaft is fixed the worm for driving the worm wheel m, which is fixed
to the upright shaft m¹; to the lower end of this shaft is fixed the bevel
pinion m³ gearing into the wheel d¹, loose on the squaring shaft d; to the
wheel d¹ is cast or fixed the mitre wheel de forming part of the differential
motion for driving the squaring shaft during the second stretch or afterdraught
required when spinning fine numbers, as described in the Specification of Letters
Patent granted to John Metcalfe and Robert Halliwell, on the Eighth day of
August, One thousand eight hundred and forty-eight, No. 12,232. The mitre
wheel d' gears into the wheel d³, mounted on a stud fixed to the squaring
shaft d, and this wheel d³ gears into the mitre wheel d' cast or fixed to the
spur wheel d; both the wheels d and d³ are loose on the shaft d, and they
are moved laterally on the shaft by the inclined cam d, which is also loose on
the shaft d; the cam d' is connected to the wheel d³ by the forked rod d³,
and the cam de is cast with a fork d, as shewn in dotted lines in Fig. 1, and
gearing into the wheel e, loose on the

page_text: in this fork the end of the "long lever" p takes, consequently, as the lever
moves up and down the wheel d' is brought into or out of gear with the wheel d³.
To the shaft d is fixed the drawing-out scroll do, and the guide pulley d¹º, for
the quadrant band is loose on the said shaft. n is a horizontal shaft lying
parallel to the rim shaft; this shaft is employed for giving motion to the self-
acting parts of the mule in the following manner:-n¹ is a friction cone loose
on the shaft n, but fast to the bevel pinion n² gearing into the wheel o', fixed to
the upright shaft o; the friction box n³, or outer portion of the friction cone n³,
forms a pulley which is driven by a band or strap from the mill shaft or driving
apparatus of the mule, as shewn by dotted lines in Fig. 3, the friction box n³ is
moved laterally on the shaft n by the bent forked lever n', the friction box is
connected to the shaft by a plate with projecting studs fast to the shaft fitting
in holes in the friction box; the lever n is operated upon to disconnect the
friction box by the bowl p¹ on the "long lever" p, and the friction box n³ is drawn
into contact (when permitted by the long lever), by the spring no. To the
shaft n is also fixed the spur pinion n' gearing into the backing-off wheel a³.
Near the lower end of the upright shaft o is fixed the bevel pinion o², gearing
into the wheel fixed to the scroll shaft c. The driving strap is moved from
the pulley a to the pulley a aud back again when required by the strap fork
lever q mounted on the fulcrum stud q; to the lever q is suspended the
inclined piece q, connected by the spring to one arm of the lever q, the
other arm of which is weighted. The bowl p³,.connected to the "long lever "p,
acts on the inclined piece q² to move the driving strap from the loose pulley a*
to the driving pulley a', and the object of the spring q3 is to allow the strap to
be brought gradually on the pulley. To the vertical arm of the lever q is
jointed the catch lever q', which is liberated by the usual twist finger b³ on the
twist shaft b. To the vertical arm of the lever q is fixed a stud for the bowl g³,
which acts on an incline on the under side of the elbow lever
; this lever is.
The lower arm
fixed to the shaft q', and it is drawn down by the spring q".
of this lever is acted upon by the bowl p* connected to the "long lever." To
the shaft q' is fixed the forked lever q3 acting upon the backing-off wheel a³.
The forked lever q is cast with the lever qº, to which is fixed the inclined
arm q10; this arm is held down when the carriage is nearly up to the beam by
the bowl g attached to the cross rail g³ of the carriage square, thus keeping
the backing-off friction cones out of contact until the strap is moved on to the
driving pulley. The "long lever" p above referred to, is similar in con-
struction to the one described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted
to Robert Halliwell, on the Eleventh day of May, One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-eight, No. 1058, but it is different in its action, and it is acted upon

page_text: in a different manner, as will be described hereafter. This lever p is jointed
to the fulcrum stud p³ fixed to the headstock. To the front end of the lever p
is fixed a square steel stud pe acting against the stops of the catch lever r on
the horizontal arm of this catch lever is placed the moveable incline r¹, and it
is acted upon by the spring to draw the catch lever against the stud po after
each change has been made. When the carriage arrives near the beam the
cross rail of the carriage square comes against the finger fixed to the
rod, the front end of which is jointed to the lever, in which is a stud
pressing against the catch lever r to liberate the." long lever "p. The "long
lever" is caused to oscillate on its fulcrum by the pressure of the bowls,
mounted on the vertical bar s¹, which fits and slides up and down in a box or
bush s fixed to the carriage square; the lower end of the bar s¹ rests upon
the shorter arm of the lever 83, which is weighted to any required extent by
the adjustable weight st. By this arrangement the "long lever" produces by
direct action the various changes required, and the bracket p', bolted to the
"long lever," comes against the under side of the framing to limit the range
thereof. A similar bracket is fixed to the headstock near the other end of
the lever. To the box or bush s is fixed a stud for the incline lever t, which
is acted upon by the bowl t', projecting from the slide bar to, to the front end
of the incline levert is fixed a stud t³, which acts when the carriage is nearly
out on the incline of the catch lever r to stop the outward run of the
carriage. The slide bar is provided with a stud t', which when the carriage
is up comes against the leg of the frame to force the bar back. Near the
front end of the bar t is fixed another stud to, which acts upon the incline to,
secured to the faller leg , which is jointed to the segment lever fixed to
the faller shaft i. The stud ts is for unlocking the faller, and the stud t is
for locking the faller leg when the bar is drawn inwards partly by the
backing-off chain u passing around the pulley t7, mounted on a stud fixed to
the bar and partly by the spring t8, one end of which is connected to the
bar t, and the other end to the carriage square. The copping motion is
attached to the carriage square, and it consists of the shaper plates v, v,
which are cast together, and are acted upon by the studs v¹, v, fixed to the
shaper rail. The plates vand rail are connected to the frame v³, which
works in the grooves of a frame fixed to the carriage square, and it is
traversed to and fro at each inward and outward run of the carriage by the
chain or band (see Fig. 1), the ends of which are fixed to the legs of the
headstock; this chain or band gives motion to a toothed wheel or pulley,
on the boss of which is a spur pinion gearing into the rack attached to the
sliding frame. The shaper plates are drawn from under the studs in the

page_text: shaper rail by the screw and ratchet wheel in the ordinary manner,
and the shaper rail is acted upon by the bowl w, mounted on a stud fixed in
the slide bar w', which moves up and down in the box w² fixed to the carriage
square.
Our improved combination of machinery for governing the winding-on is
seen best in Figs. 5 and 6, and it consists of the cam a fixed to the faller
shaft i; this cam is made with a double incline, the larger diameter of which
is nearly concentric, and supports the bowl a¹ connected to the rod after
the cop bottom is formed; the flat portion of the double incline a supports
the bowl while the cop bottom is being formed. To the rod a² is fixed a
stud for the pulley ³, over which passes the chain a, one end of which is
connected to the stud a fixed to the carriage 9', and the other end after
passing under the pulley y on the bell-cranked lever y¹ is attached to the
arm fixed to the counterfaller shaft j. The rod is counterbalanced by
the weighted lever as, and the elbow lever y¹ is mounted on a stud fixed to the
carriage square; to the vertical arm of the elbow lever y₁ is attached a bracket
for pressing against the ordinary governor band f¹, see Fig. 4, which passes
through a recess in another bracket fixed to the carriage. At the lower
end of the vertical arm of the elbow lever y¹ is a bowl y, which when the
carriage is out comes against the incline y³, see Fig. 2, fixed to the floor, and
when the carriage is near the beam acts upon the incline y'. The object of
the incline y is to prevent the lever y¹ acting too soon on the governor band f¹,
and the incline y is to set the lever y¹ in its proper position previous to the
rising of the fallers. is the usual setting-on rod connected to the lever z¹
fixed to the upright shaft 3, the upper end of which is connected to the strap
guides for starting and stopping the mule.
The mode of operation is as follows, and the Drawings represent the
various parts in the positions they occupy when the carriage is going out:-
When the carriage arrives near the end of its
carriage square g comes against the finger
stretch, the cross rail g³ of the
on the rod 1, which draws the
incline under, and raises the horizontal arm of the elbow lever 1, thus
drawing the catch box in the spur wheel e out of gear with the catch box on
the mitre wheel e', thereby stopping the drawing rollers and the train of
carrier wheels which give motion to the wheel d³ on the squaring shaft d; the
wheel d³ with the wheel d* forming part of the differential motion being now
beld stationary, the remainder of the outward stretch of the carriage is per-
formed slowly by the action of the worm driving the wheel m, and the
pinion m driving the wheel d', to which is fixed the wheel d², forming the

page_text: 3
other half of the differential motion. When the after stretch is completed
the stud ts in the incline lever t comes against the incline r¹, and liberates the
long lever"
P, which is pressed upwards by the bowls and weighted lever
until the stud pe comes against the under side of the projection on the catch
lever r, at the same time the other end of the "long lever" is depressed, and
the inclined cam de is then moved, and the forked rod ds draws the wheel d
out of gear with the intermediate wheel d³ of the differential motion, thus
stopping the outward run of the carriage. The carriage remains stationary
during the time that the twist is being given to the yarn in the ordinary
manner, and when that is effected the twist finger be unlatches the catch g
and allows the driving strap to be moved on to the loose pulley a' by the
action of the weight q, at the same time the bowl q is moved from under
the incline of the horizontal arm of the elbow lever q, thereby allowing the
spring q to press the backing-off friction cones into contact; the motion of
the spindles h is then reversed by means of the strap passing under the
pulley n³, which, as before described, is connected to the shaft n. During the
backing-off the faller is pulled down by the backing-off chain u in the ordinary
manner, and when it arrives at its determined position, which varies according
to the size of the cop, the lower end of the faller leg is drawn by the
spring t, and the pressure of the chain u acting on the bar 12 on to the
bowl w³ mounted on a stud fixed in the slide w', this inward motion of the
bar t2 slackens the backing-off chain u, and prevents the further depression
of the faller, at the same time the bowl t'acts on the inclined end of the
lever t, thus raising the other end, and the stud then gives a second lift to
the horizontal arm of the catch lever r, thus again releasing the end of the
"long lever" p, which rises until the stud po is sufficiently raised to rest upon
the upper side of the projection 7, the other end of the "long lever" being
thus again lowered brings the bowl p' against the incline at the bottom of the
vertical arm of the elbow lever q³, thereby moving the shaft q7 partly round,
and causing the forked lever q³ to disconnect the backing-off friction cones,
thus stopping the backing-off motion of the spindles. At the same time the
bowl p', which is now near the bottom of the lever n', allows the spring n³ to
put into contact the drawing-up friction cones n³ and n³, the carriage is then
drawn up by the scrolls s¹, and the yarn is wound on the spindles h by the
radial arm f, quadrant chain f', and drum f³, in the ordinary manner; during
the running in of the carriage the frame with the shaper rail vs and plates v
are moved outwards by the chain v and toothed pulley, acting by a
pinion ou the rack vs, as before described, thus governing the position of the

page_text: copping faller. When the carriage has arrived near to the roller beam, the
stud t comes against the leg of the frame and pushes back the sliding bar t³,
the stud to then acts against the incline t and unlocks the faller, which then
rises; the cross rail g³ of the carriage acts on the finger fixed to the rod 7",
the front end of which is jointed to the lever, and by forcing back the catch
lever r unlatches the front end of the "long lever," which then assumes the
position shewn in Fig. 1. In so doing the bowl p¹ acting on the incline n*
disconnects the drawing-up friction cones n¹ and n³; the bowl p³ in rising
acts on the inclined piece q, and brings the driving strap on to the pulley a',
at the same time the cam & moves the forked bar d³, and by it the wheel d*
into gear with the wheel d³, as shewn best in Fig. 3. At the same time the
bowl g is above the arm q10, to prevent the backing-off friction cones going
into contact whilst the before-named changes which bring the various parts
back into the positions shewn in Fig. 1 are being made.
The governing of the winding-on motion is performed in the following
manner-At the commencement of a set of cops the nut of the winding-on
screw is near the fulcrum of the radial arm f, and previous to the carriago
commencing its inward run the capping faller wire and the cam x are
depressed to their greatest extent, the bowl a then rests near the point of
the incline of the cam x, as marked in dotted lines in Fig. 6, and allows
the bar to drop to its lowest position, and through the double action of the
chain allows the weighted end of the lever y' to be lowered, and when
the counter or under faller is depressed by the tension of the yarn, the
bracket y fixed on the vertical leg of the lever y will press the governor
band finto the groove of the piece yo, which is bolted to the carriage square,
and if the yarn is being wound on too tight, the inward run of the carriage
will carry the top part of the band f¹ towards the roller beam, and con-
sequently turn the screw of the radial arm f, so as to move its nut upwards
and slacken the winding-on chain, thus giving less motion to the spindles. It
is evident that as the cop increases in length the copping faller and the cam x
with its incline will be less depressed, so that when the cop bottom is
finished the bowl will not descend the incline, so as to allow the lever y¹ to
act upon the governor band. The wheels and 1ulley at the bottom of the
radial arm, and the carrying pulley at the back of the head stock are similar
to those now well known and in use.
Fig. 7 represents a detached view of a modification of the machinery above
described for producing the after draught or after stretch; in this arrangement
the wheel k7, fixed to the shaft k drives the intermediate wheel k8, which

page_text: gears into the wheel, fixed on the horizontal shaft ko, to this shaft is fixed
a worm k, gearing into the worm wheel d', to which is attached the bevil
wheel d³, forming one side of the differential motion above referred to, and
shewn in Fig. 3. The worm wheel d¹ and bevil wheel d² are loose on the
squaring shaft d, the wheel d', fixed to the wheel d³, and the intermediate
wheel d³, act in the manner before described.
Fig. 8 represents another modification of the machinery shewn in Fig. 7; in
this arrangement the worm gears into and drives the wheel m, on the
horizontal shaft m, to which is fixed the spur pinion m³, gearing into the
wheel d', which, as before described, is loose on the squaring shaft d, but fast
to the mitre wheel d³, forming one side of the differential motion.
Fig. 9, represents a detached view of a combination of machinery for
driving the squaring shaft d, this arrangement being applicable when no after
stretch is required or for coarse numbers. The wheel e² on the front roller
connecting shaft e, drives by means of suitable intermediate wheels the wheel
d, to which is cast the half catch box do, the other half catch box d¹¹ is keyed
on the shaft d; by this arrangement as soon as the carriage arrives at the end of
its stretch, and the wheel d³, is moved laterally to draw the catch box d¹º out
of gear, the shaft & stops.
Fig. 10, represents a detached view of a modification of our improved mode
of giving motion to the self-acting parts of mules; in this arrangement the
pulley a is attached to the loose pulley a', and the strap or band a³ gives
motion to the pulley forming the external cone n³ on the shaft n, see Fig. 3,
or the external cone of the friction box n' may have teeth on its circum-
ference, and be driven by a pinion attached to the loose pulley a' gearing into
a carrier wheel a¹, as shewn by a dotted circle.
Figs. 11 and 12 are two views of our improved apparatus for tightening
the backing-off chain as the cop increases; 9 is the carriage square; A is the
shaft commonly called the tin roller shaft; u is the backing-off chain passing
under the pulley t, connected to the bar t, shewn in Fig. 1; w is the bowl
bearing on the shaper rail, and connected to the bar w¹, to which is cast or
fixed a bracket with an inclined slot w, this slot acts on one end of the lever
ws, the other end of which is connected to the rod w, sliding in brackets fixed
to the carriage square g, to the back end of this rod is fixed a stop w, acting
on the arm A¹, attached to the snail A. As the cop increases the bowl w
lowers, and the inclined slot w draws the rod w in the direction of the arrow,
thus gradually bringing the stop w against the arm A¹, and reducing the
quantity of chain u unwound from the snail A2.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of
performing the same we declare that we claim,―
First, the use of the "long lever," marked p, for performing the various
functions required to effect the changes in self-acting mules, as shewn and as
described.
Secondly, the application of the weighted lever marked s³, or any equivalent
agent for actuating the "long lever," as shewn and described.
Thirdly, the use of a catch lever similar to the one marked r, having
three steps for retaining the "long lever," in its various positions, as shewn
and described.
Fourthly, the improved combination of machinery described and shewn best
in Fig. 3, for driving the squaring or drawing-out shaft, and for imparting
the slow outward motion to the carriage during the second stretch, or after-
draught or afterstretch.
Fifthly, the improved combinations of machinery described and shewn in
Figs. 7 and 8, for driving the squaring or drawing-out shaft, and for effecting
the afterstretch.
Sixthly, the improved combination of machinery described and shewn in
Fig. 9 for driving the squaring or drawing-out shaft.
Seventhly, the placing the differential motion (when fitted on the squaring
or drawing out shaft), employed in driving the carriage during the afterstretch
outside of the framing of the headstock instead of within the framing, as
beretofore.
Eightly, the application of a friction apparatus placed on the second shaft
from the putting-up scroll shaft, for giving motion to the self-acting parts of
the mule as shewn and described in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 10.
Ninthly, the application of the friction cone and pulley marked n¹ and n³,
for giving motion to the self-acting parts of the mule, without the aid of
toothed gear, in the manner described and shewn in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, and
in Fig. 10.
Tenthly, the improved combination of machinery shewn and described in
reference to Figs. 5 and 6, for governing the winding of the yarn on to the
spindles.
Eleventhly, the improved combination of parts forming the copping motion
shewn and described in reference to Figs. 1, 2, and 5.
Twelfthly, the improved combination of parts for tightening the backing-off
chain as shewn and described in reference to Figs. 11 and 12.
And, lastly, the general arrangement and combinations of the various

page_text: portions of machinery forming a self-acting mule for spinning and doubling, as
shewn and described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Benjamin Dobson, William Slater, and
Robert Halliwell, have hereto set our hands and seals, this Eighth
day of June, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.