Improvements in Presses.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Aug., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Nov., 1893-Accepted, 23rd Dec., 1893
Improvements in Presses.
A communication from HENRY WICKS, of Howrah, Bengal, India, Engineer.
I, JOHN JAMES SPENCER, of 125, West Regent Street, Glasgow, in the County
of Lanark, North Britain, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows, that is to say :-
This invention relates to presses designed for compressing fibrous and other
bulky materials into bales or other compact forms, and having mechanism arranged
to operate with gradually increasing effective pressure and diminishing movement
as the materials become reduced from an open loose mass into a compact, and
dense one.
The invention consists in combining hydraulic or other fluid-pressure cylinders
with toggle levers, and in arranging the parts to give a rectilinear movement to the
pressing plate or follower without separate guides being required.
A press made with the improvements comprises a bedframe and an entablature
which are connected in the ordinary way, also a casing or box into which the
materials to be compressed are put through a side door, and a follower or platen,
which in the compressing operation moves upwards within the box from the bottom
thereof. The platen is connected to the bed frame by eight toggle levers, the
inner ends of which are jointed on pins or spindles fixed in the platen and bed-
frame, at short distances on opposite sides of the middles of the platen and bed-
frame. One pair of the toggle levers jointed to the bedframe has the outer ends
jointed on trunnions or studs formed on or fixed in the sides of a cylinder, and on
the same trunnions or studs are jointed the outer ends of the corresponding pair of
toggle levers jointed to the platen. In a similar way the two pairs of toggle levers
are jointed to each other and to a second cylinder. The cylinders have working in
them pistons which are fixed both on one rod which extends horizontally across
between the bedframe and platen. When the platen is in its lowest position, the
toggle levers are inclined outwards in opposite directions, the cylinders are at their
furthest distance apart, and the pistons are at their inner ends. On water or steam
or other fluid under pressure being admitted into the inner ends of the cylinders,
the cylinders are drawn together and with them the outer or knuckle ends of the
toggle levers. This action by tending to straighten the lower and upper toggle
levers causes the platen to rise and to be acted on with an upward pressure, which
increases as the toggle levers approach the vertical position.
In order to insure equality of action and accurately vertical movement of the platen,
the inner ends of the toggle levers have formed or fixed on them toothed sectors,
those of the levers on one side gearing with those of the levers on the other side.
Dated this Second day of August 1893.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.

page_text: '
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Improvements in Presses.
A communication from HENRY WICKS, of Howrah, Bengal, India, Engineer.
I, JOHN JAMES SPENCER, of 125 West Regent Street, Glasgow, in the County
of Lanark, North Britain, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say :—
This invention relates to presses designed for compressing fibrous and other
bulky materials into bales or other compact forms, and having mechanism arranged
to operate with gradually increasing effective pressure and diminishing movement
as the materials become reduced from an open loose mass into a compact and
dense one.
The invention consists in combining hydraulic or other fluid-pressure cylinders
with toggle levers, and in arranging the parts to give a rectilinear movement to the
pressing plate or follower without separate guides being required.
And in order that the said invention and the manner of performing the same
may be properly understood I hereunto append a sheet of explanatory drawings
to be hereinafter referred to and showing a simple and convenient modification
of the improved press as arranged for compressing jute or other compressible
material.
Figure, 1, on the drawings, is a sectional side elevation, and Figure, 2, is a
transverse vertical section of the improved press.
Figure, 3, is a horizontal section of a casing or box such as may be used to
contain some materials when being compressed.
In these drawings the same, reference letters and numerals are used to mark the
same or like parts wherever they are repeated.
A press made with the improvements comprises a bedframe, A, and an
entablature, B, which are connected in the ordinary way by means of stay rods, C ;
also one or two boxes of a usual kind to contain the materials to be compressed;
and also a follower or platen, G, which last in the compressing operation, moves
upwards within the box and raises the bottom, D 1, thereof. The platen, G, is
connected to the bedframe, A, by eight toggle levers, in four pairs, H1, H2,
H3, H4, the individuals of each pair being united like the prongs of a fork near
'the parts where they are jointed to the platen and bed frame respectively. The
inner ends of each pair of toggle levers are jointed on pins or spindles, J 1, № 2,
J3, J 4, fixed in the platen, G, and bed frame, A, at short distances on opposite
sides of the middles of the platen and bedframe. One pair, H 2, of the toggle
levers, jointed to the bedframe, A, has the outer ends jointed on trunnions or
studs, K 1, formed on or fixed in the sides of a cylinder, L 1, and on the same
trunnions or studs are jointed the outer ends of the corresponding pair of toggle
levers, H 1, jointed to the platen, G. In a similar way the outer ends of the two
other pairs of toggle levers, H3, H4, are jointed on trunnions or studs, K 2,
formed on or fixed in the sides of a second cylinder, L2. The cylinders, L1, L2,
have working in them pistons, M, which are fixed both on one rod, N, which
extends horizontally across between the bed frame, A, and platen, G. When
the platen, G, is in its lowest position the toggle levers, H 1, etc. are inclined
outwards in opposite directions, the cylinders, L1, L2, are at their furthest
distances apart, and the pistons, M, are at the inner ends of the cylinders.
On water or steam or other fluid under pressure being admitted to the inner ends
of the cylinders L1, L2, through pipes, P1, P2, which can be connected with
the source of supply, the cylinders, are drawn together and with them the outer
or knuckle ends of the toggle levers, H 1, etc. This action by tending to straighten
the lower and upper toggle levers causes the platen, G, to rise and to be acted on

page_text: with an upward pressure which increases as the toggle levers approach the vertical
position. A small hole, R, is formed at the outer end of each cylinder, L1, L2,
to allow any fluid which may leak past the pistons, M, to drain off.
In order to insure equality of action and accurately vertical movement of the
platen, G, the inner ends of the toggle levers, H 1, etc., have formed or fixed on
them toothed sectors, Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, those of the levers on one side gearing
with those of the levers on the other side.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is: :-
In presses combining fluid-pressure cylinders with toggle levers substantially in
the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
Dated this Twenty-second day of November 1893.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.