Year: 1888

page_text: I; DANIEL KEMP WEST of 23 Saint Mary Axe in the City of London Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication to me from abroad by
Robert Samuel Thornton, of Etawah, North West Province of India, Engineer,) to be
as follows:
"
The improvements consist in providing any suitable number of parallel steel plates,
sharpened on the upper edge, which are fitted loosely in corresponding vertical
grooves cut in the box sides and doors of any hydraulic or other baling press, and are
acted on by the same forces that press the bale, and are so constructed, designed and
arranged as to subdivide the bale into two or more parts during the process of
pressing and baling it, thereby saving the labour and expense of dividing the bales by
sawing. In making a bale the cutters are placed in the grooves and descend with the
lower bale plate. The material to be compressed Eaving been inserted and the
pressure applied, the cutters, resting on the bale plate, are forced through the material
until, when the pressing is completed, the upper surface of the cutters is almost in
contact with the upper bale plate. Each portion of the bale is then lashed separately,
and the bale is withdrawn from the press, when the cutters will be found inside the
bale or between its parts completely separating the materials into the required number
of parts. If a covering is used for. the bale it requires to be cut with a knife to
release the cutters and complete the division of the bale. If the pressure be down-
wards the cutters may be attached to the upper hale plate and move in grooves in the
box sides as previously described, or they may be inserted in the grooves after the
material to be pressed has been filled into the press box, the sharpened edge of
the cutters being the lower one. Instead of moving with the bale plate, the cutters
may be placed in the doors of the press in grooves, or otherwise arranged so as to
remain rigid, and the material being pressed is divided by being forced against them.
The apparatus can similarly be adapted to horizontal presses.
Dated this 11th dor of April 1888
DANIEL KEMP WEST.
By Jensen & Son,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Patent Agents.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Baling Presses.
I, DANIEL KEMP WEST of 23 St. Mary Axe in the City of London Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of the said invention a communication to me from abroad
by Robert Samuel Thornton of Etawah North West Province of India Engineer and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The improvements consist in providing any suitable number of parallel steel plates
sharpened on the upper edge, which are fitted loosely in corresponding vertical
grooves cut in the box sides and doors of any hydraulic or other baling press and
are acted on by the same forces that press the bale, and are so constructed, designed
and arranged as to subdivide the bale into two or more parts during the process
of pressing and baling it, thereby saving the labour and expense of dividing the
bales by sawing. In making a bale. the cutters are placed in the grooves and
descend with the lower bale plate. The material to be compressed having been
inserted and the pressure applied, the cutters resting on the bale plate, are forced
through the material until, when the pressing is completed, the upper surface of
the cutters is almost in contact with the upper bale plate. Each portion of the
bale is then lashed separately and the bale is withdrawn from the press, when the
cutters will be found inside the bale or between its parts completely separating
the materials into the required number of. parts. If a covering is used for the bale
it requires to be cut with a knife to release the cutters and complete the division
of the bale. If the pressure be downwards the cutters may be attached to the
upper bale plate and move in grooves in the box sides as previously, described or
they may be inserted in the grooves after the material to be pressed has been filled
into the press box, the sharpened edge of the cutters being the lower one. Instead
of moving with the bale plate, the cutters may be placed in the doors of the press
in grooves, or otherwise, arranged so as to remain rigid, and the material being
pressed is divided by being forced against them The apparatus can similarly be
adapted to horizontal presses.
The accompanying drawings shew three different ways of inserting and operating
the said knives as applied to a vertical hydraulic press of crdinary description.
Figure 1 is an elevation of such a press with the lower part of ram and casing broken
off. Figure 2 is a horizontal section of same on line XX. Figure 3 is an elevation
of a modification in which the knife is suspended from the head press box with the
cutting edge downwards and shews the full breadth of knife. Figure 4 is an elevation
in which the knives are suspended edge downwards, somewhat below the top of press
box. Each letter refers to the same part of press in all the Figures. A is the lower
head and ram casing and a the ram upon which the fluid pressure is applied to force
up the press follower B which is fixed to the ram. C is the head which is attached to
the bed A by bolts EE and nuts e or their equivalents. D is a plate attached to
the head and forms the top of press box Finside which the follower B travels up
and down. is the lower end of this press box which is subject to a comparatively
small strain. G is the door forming one side of press box which closes the
opening by which the loose fodder or other material is introduced and from which

page_text: the compressed bale is removed. g and g² are respectively the bolts and catches by
which the door G is held closed during the combined operation of compressing and
cutting. H H are the knives in position in the grooves in side of press box or in
door G. kare grooves for the introduction of the lashing bands by which the bales
are held together after being pressed.
In the form of press shewn in Figures 1 and 2 (where the lower part of press box f
is removed) the three knives H are shewn resting on the follower B and retained in
their upright position by the grooves in sides of press box, the cutting edges being
upward. The door G being now opened the press box is filled with the material to any
desired height. The door G is then closed, the bolts and catchies g₁ fastened and
pressure being applied to the ram it and the follower B move upwards compressing
the material and at the same time, by forcing the knives H into the mass dividing it
into several sections. When the follower B has reached a point not lower than the
bottom of the opening, the door G is opened, the lashing bands of any suitable
description introduced through the grooves k and fastened round each of the separate
sections. The ram being then relieved of the upward pressure sinks, and with it the
follower B thus enabling the whole bale to be removed and with it the knives which
are retained in their positions therein. The press box is then ready for refilling as
before.
In the form of press shewn in Figure 3 the knives have lugs 'upon each end of.
their upper edges and the operation is as follows:→
W
The press box being filled through the door opening as before described the knives
are then through the same opening put into their places in the grooves and
suspended by means of one of the lugs entering a hole for that purpose in the back
of the press box and the other lug entering a corresponding hole in the door G, these
lugs thus retaining them in their position at top of the box. The ram and follower
are then caused to ascend to the same height as before and the removal and separation
effected in precisely the same manner.
In the modification shewn in Figure 4 the only difference is that the knives in this
case two are not suspended by lugs, but being put into the grooves with their
cutting edge downwards are allowed to drop upon the fodder or other material. The
ram and the follower being then forced upwards the material is forced to ascend and
pushes up the knives until they reach the plate D which forms the head of press box
when they are hindered from rising further and the follower continuing to rise
the compressing and separating and the removal of the bale of sections take place in
precisely the same manner as before.
Although I have only described and illustrated a vertical hydraulic press it is
obvious that these knives can be applied to and operated with an inverted vertical, a
horizontal, or an inclined press; as also that a press operated by any other than
hydraulic power may be used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim as the invention communicated to me is:
The application in the press box of a hydraulic or other press of knives for shearing
or dividing into parts the bale during compression substantially as described and
shewn.