Improvements in Bakers' Ovens.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Apr., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 25th Jan., 1893-Accepted, 4th Mar., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bakers' Ovens.
I, THOMAS HALBOURNE, of 31 Craddock Street, Canton, Cardiff, in the
County of Glamorgan, Bricklayer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to bakers' decker ovens, and consists in an improved
arrangement of flues and in means for regulating the course of the heat therein.
Also in an improvement in the construction of the oven crowns.
According to this invention the heat from the furnace ascends in vertical flues
to the top of the crown of the lower oven where it traverses horizontal flues and
returns to a point coinciding with that at which it entered. Thence, if the oven
above be in use, the heat is conducted by further vertical flues to the top of the
crown of the said oven above and after traversing and returning in horizontal flues
finds exit at the chimney. Should, however, the uppermost oven not be in use the
heat is, by means of dampers, made to pass from above the crown of the lower oven
directly to the chimney.
Where there are more than two decks the flues and dampers are so arranged as
to permit communication with the uppermost oven to be cut off or established in
like manner to that above described with reference to two ovens or decks.
This invention relates further to the oven crowns which, according thereto, are
constructed of firebrick slabs with grooved and tongued joints and carried by
T girders of iron curved to the required degree and partially let into the underside
of the slabs.
Deted this 25th der of April 1892.
NICHOLAS WATTS,
Bristol Bank Buildings, Bristol, Chartered Patent Agent..
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bakers' Ovens.
1, THOMAS HALBOURNE, formerly of 31 Craddock Street, Canton, Cardiff,
in the County of Glamorgan, Bricklayer, and now of Sydney Terrace, Dorchester,
Builder of Bakers' Ovens, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to bakers' decker ovens, and consists in an improved
arrangement of flues and in means for regulating the course of the heat therein.
Also in an improvement in the construction of the oven crowns.
According to this invention the heat from the furnace ascends in vertical flues
to the top of the crown of the lower oven where it traverses horizontal flues and
returns to a point coinciding with that at which it entered. Thence, if the oven
above be in use, the heat is conducted by further vertical flues to the top of the
crown of the said oven above and after traversing and returning in horizontal flues
finds exit at the chimney. Should, however, the uppermost oven not be in use the
heat is, by means of dampers, made to pass from the crown of the lower oven
directly to the chimney.
Where there are more than two decks the flues and dampers are so arranged as
to permit communication with the uppermost oven to be cut off or established in
like manner to that above described with reference to two ovens or decks.
This invention relates further to the oven crowns which, according thereto, are

page_text: constructed of firebrick slabs with grooved and tongued joints and carried by
T girders of iron or steel curved to the required degree and partially let into the
underside of the slabs.
Referring to the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 represents a vertical transverse section of a bakers' oven, with two decks,
constructed in accordance with this invention.
Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line w, w, Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line x, x, Fig. 1, and
Fig. 4 is a similar section on the line y, y, Fig. 1.
The vertical section Fig. 1 is taken on the line z, z, Fig. 3.
The heat given off at the furnace a passes over the bridge into the flues c
and ascends in the vertical flues d to the horizontal flues e above the crown of the
.lower oven f.
After traversing the flues e and returning to the front, the heat is, if the upper
oven is also in use, directed, by closing the dampers i, which are set on edge, and
opening the dampers j, not set on edge but lying flat, to ascend by the flues k,
Fig. 4, to the flues above the crown of the oven h, after traversing which the heat
passes out at the chimney m. But if the lower oven fonly be in use, the heat after
traversing the flues e is directed, by opening the dampers i and closing the dampers j,
to pass from the flues e directly to the chimney through the flues n, Figs. 1 and 4.
Soot boxes o are provided where necessary for facilitating cleaning the various
flues.
As is obvious, the arrangement may be extended to ovens having more than
two decks, and the direction of heat to any deck or decks of the series controlled
at will.
A further improvement relates to the crowns of bakers' ovens which, under this
invention, are constructed of slabs p of firebrick curved to the requisite degree and
tongued and grooved to fit together as shown at Fig. 1 and as seen more particularly
in the enlarged view Fig. 5. These slabs are carried on T girders g of iron or steel
also curved to correspond and partially sunk in the slabs as seen more particularly
in the enlarged views, Figs. 5 and 6. The web or stem of the girder may either be
turned upwards as in Figs. 5 and 6 or downward as in Fig. 7. In ovens having
crowns of this description no centering for the arches of the crowns is needed and
the crowns are constructed with comparatively few joints.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a bakers' oven, the provision of a system of vertical and horizontal flues so
connected and guarded by directing dampers that the heat from the furnace may,
after traversing the horizontal flues above the crown of the lowermost oven, be
directed, at will, to pass either directly to the chimney or to the horizontal flues
over the crown of the oven next above and thence either to the chimney or to the
horizontal flues of a further oven above the second and so on, substantially as
hereinbefore described, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
2. In a bakers' oven, constructing the crowns of the ovens of slabs of fire-brick
such as p with tongued and grooved joints and carried on T girders of iron or
steel let into the said slabs which with the girders are curved to the requisite
degree as herein before described and shown at Figs. 1, 5, 6 and 7 of the accom-
panying drawings.
Dated this 24th day of January 1893