IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERS FOR BOTTLES, JARS, AND OTHER ARTICLES MADE OF VITREOUS MATERIALS FOR CONTAINING ALIMENTARY AND OTHER SUBSTANCES.
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Pierre Christian Duclos, of Lyons, France, for the In-
vention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERS FOR BOTTLES, JARS, AND OTHER
ARTICLES MADE OF VITREOUS MATERIALS FOR CONTAINING ALIMENTARY AND
OTHER SUBSTANCES.'
ور
Sealed the 8th May 1877, and dated the 13th November 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Pierre Christian Duclos at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th November 1876.
PIERRE CHRISTIAN DUCLOS, of Lyons, France. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERS
FOR BOTTLES, JARS, AND OTHER ARTICLES MADE OF VITREOUS MATERIALS FOR
CONTAINING ALIMENTARY AND OTHER SUBSTANCES."
My Invention refers to the stopping of vessels made of glass or of other vitreous
material.
The stopping is produced according to my Invention by heating the neck of the
vessel to a red heat. I provide a ring or frame of metal of a shape corresponding
with that of the neck. This ring or frame is also heated to a red heat, and is
shrunk on to neck. The ring or frame and neck are thereby firmly secured
together. To close up the contents the air is exhausted in the ordinary way, and
a metal plate, preferably having a flanged edge, is soldered on to the metal top.
The contents of vessels constructed and secured according to my Invention are
visible, which alone is an important feature to purchasers and consumers of
alimentary substances contained in hermetically sealed vessels.
Metal labels are according to my Invention attached on to the vessels in a similar
manner to that before described for the neck pieces.
From the above description it will be understood that the metal and the vitreous
material are connected together without the addition of any extraneous material
except the solder for the closing up.
The stoppers may be ornamented in any desired way as fancy or taste may
dictate.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Pierre Christian Duclos in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th
May 1877.
PIERRE CHRISTIAN DUCLOS, of Lyons, France. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERS FOR
BOTTLES, JARS, AND OTHER ARTICLES MADE OF VITREOUS MATERIALS FOR CON-
TAINING ALIMENTARY AND OTHER SUBSTANCES."
My Invention refers to the stopping of vessels made of glass or of other vitreous
material.
The stopping is produced according to my Invention by heating the neck of the
vessel to a red heat. I provide a ring or frame of metal of a shape corresponding
with that of the neck. This ring or frame is also heated to red heat, and is shrunk
on to neck. The ring or frame and neck are thereby firmly secured together. To
close up the contents the air is exhausted in the ordinary way, and a metal plate,
preferably having a flanged edge, is soldered on to the metal top.
The contents of vessels constructed and secured according to my Invention are
visible, which alone is an important feature to purchasers and consumers of
alimentary substances contained in hermetically sealed vessels.
Metal labels are according to my Invention attached on to the vessels in a similar
manner to that before described for the neck pieces.
From the above description it will be understood that the metal and the vitreous
material are connected, together without the addition of any extraneous material
except the solder for closing up.
The stoppers may be ornamented in any desired way, as fancy or taste may
dictate.
The accompanying Drawings fully illustrate the manner in which I prefer to
carry my Invention into effect.
Figure 1 is a section, and Figure 2 is a plan of a metal ring before being attached
to a bottle or other glass vessel.
Figure 3 is a side view of a bottle with ring secured, and before the same is
hermetically closed.
Figure 4 is a section, and Figure 5 is a plan of the cover.
Figures 6 and 7 illustrate bottles with metal labels or trade marks attached,
according to my Invention.
Similar letters of reference refer to like parts in all the Figures.
a is the ring or ferrule of metal, such as copper, iron, or other suitable metal;
this ring is made of a size to correspond with that of the neck, so that it will fit the
same, that it is made of such a size that it can be easily slipped on the neck, which
may if desired be made slightly tapered in either direction; is the metal cover,
which just fits into the ring.
To apply a ring I take a bottle, preferably during the manufacture thereof, say,
just after it is taken out of the mould, and while it is at a red heat, and I slip a
ring (which may be either at a red heat or cold, or nearly so, but I prefer its being
red) on to the neck of the bottle; the internal surface of the neck is pressed open
by the tool ordinarily used for such purpose, and the glass neck adheres to and
becomes embedded as it were in the ring; this done the bottle with ring attached
is put into the annealing furnace, and there left for twenty-four hours or so, as
usual; on removal, and when cool, the metal and glass by contraction and expansion
have become firmly connected the one to the other, and I have a bottle and ring
such as that shown at Figure 3. The bottles thus formed may be finished and
decorated as required or desired, and the rings thereof as well as the covers, shown
at Figure 4, are electro-plated, or otherwise treated as desired; they are then
ready for use.
When the contents are to be hermetically preserved the bottles are filled with
meat, fruit, vegetables, or whatever article it may be desired to preserve, the air is
exhausted in the ordinary way, the cover b is put on, and soldered down with the

page_text: edge of the ring a, and in this manner an hermetically sealed joint is produced, and
the contents are capable of preservation just as if the vessels were made of the
ordinary metal, with the advantage that the contents are visible, and purchasers
are thereby able to see the appearance of the articles purchased; and with the
further advantage that meats and other articles are not liable to become flavoured
by or impregnated with the material of which the vessel is formed, as when
preserved in metal cases; and it is well known that metal cases do not improve but
rather impair the flavour of the preserved articles. To open the vessels the top is
cut in the ordinary way with an ordinary sardine or other knife c.
Figures 6 and 7 show labels or trade marks attached in a permanent manner to
a glass bottle; and Figure 8 shows a device, in this case a monogram, C. D.,
attached to a wine glass, but the same arrangement is applicable to all sorts of
glasses, and the devices may vary according to fancy or requirement; this is done
in substantially the same manner as that before described for the rings, viz., by
placing the label or device in metal on the bottle while hot, or on a lump or picce
of hot metal, and annealed and finished as before. By these means I am able to
attach labels and trade marks or other devices, as fancy or taste may dictate, in a
very permanent manner, and if desired highly decorative. Under ordinary cir-
cumstances labels or trade marks thus attached would last as long as the bottles
themselves.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,-
First. The attaching to vessels made of vitreous material of metal caps or rings
shrunk on to or expanded to the necks of the said vessels, substantially in manner
and for the purposes described.
Second. The new manufacture, herein-before described, of producing vitreous
vessels capable of being hermetically closed, substantially in and by the means
herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
Third. The attaching of labels, trade marks, and other devices to bottles and
other vitreous vessels, such as drinking glasses, substantially in and by the means
herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Pierre Christian Duclos, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
TATAHT
F. CHRISTIAN DUCLOS. (L.S.)