Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Apr., 1887
Complete Left, 18th Jan., 1888
Complete Accepted, 24th Feb., 1888
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We WILLIAM HICHENS RICKARD, of Trelawney House, Caerleon Road, Newport,
Mechanic, and THOMAS JOHN RICKARD, of 15 Glantorvan Terrace, Blaenavon,
Mechanic, both in the County of Monmouth, South Wales do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of our invention is to provide simple and efficient means for coating
plates with tin, terne and other metal or alloys of same.
According to our invention we provide a pot of any convenient shape or size to
contain flux, whether that be palm oil or any other known acid or other flux, and in
this pot we provide rollers or rolls between which the plates to be coated are conveyed,
the shape and size of the pot varying according to the number or arrangement of
rollers or rolls.
The rollers or rolls may be, or not, immersed in the flux. As the plate to be
coated is conveyed through the machine, a stream of tin, terne or other metal is
conveyed through a pipe or suitable conduit, and discharged upon the rolls or rollers
or upon the plate itself, and the plate may, or may not, pass through a receiver
containing the coating material in any suitable and convenient manner, and we have
found a pump or pumps or buckets or other mechanical contrivance suitable to the
purpose, although we do not limit ourselves to these special means of projecting the
coating metal on the plate. The plate thus becomes coated with metal, and the surplus
coating material falls or gravitates to the bottom of the pot to be utilized again as
may be required.
The coating metal may be obtained from the pot itself or from any other convenient
source. As for instance the coating material may be conveyed to a receiver on a
level with or above the machine, and supply conveyed and regulated to rolls or
rollers or on to the plate from that receiver. The pot is so constructed that it can be
replenished with fresh coating material through a projection on, or box fitted to, the
pot, it will then pass under a baffle or division plate into the pot. The height of the

page_text: projection or box being governed by the necessary weight of the coating material
required to keep the palm oil or other flux at its proper height or level, and the depth
of the baffle or division plate is also regulated according to the depth or quantity
of molten metal required to be kept and maintained in the bottom of the pot
proper.
The necessary pressure between the rolls or rollers for the purpose of taking off any
excess of tin or coating material which may accumulate during the process of coating,
is regulated by means of screws and springs.
In some cases we may employ a separate "soaking pot" which is filled sufficiently
full of molten metal, and the plates to be coated are (if necessary) firstly immersed
into the soaking pot" and then passed through the machine as hereinbefore
described.
In order to accommodate a number of plates we provide the "soaking pot" with
interior divisions or prongs to hold separate the plates therein.
By our invention scruff or other impurity is prevented from becoming attached
to the plates as is now often the case, because the plates first pass through any
impurity that may be generated, and subsequently through pure metal or coating
material.
Dated this 10th day of Anvil 1997
BREWER & SON,
For the Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus or Machinery for
Coating Plates with Tin, Lead, and other Metal or Alloys of.
same.
We, WILLIAM HICHENS RICKARD, of Trelawney House, Caerleon Road, Newport,
Mechanic, and THOMAS JOHN RICKARD, of 15 Glantorvan Terrace, Blaenavon,
Mechanic, both in the County of Monmouth South Wales, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of our invention is to provide simple and efficient means for coating
plates with tin, terne, and other metal or alloys of same.
According to our invention we provide a pot of any convenient shape or size to
contain flux, whether that be palm oil or any other known acid, or other flux, and in
this pot we provide rollers or rolls, between which the plates to be coated are
conveyed, the shape and size of the pot varying according to the number or arrange-
ment of rollers or rolls.
The rollers or rolls may be, or not, immersed in the flux. As the plate to be coated
is conveyed through the machine, a stream of tin, terne, or other metal is conveyed
through a pipe or suitable conduit, and discharged upon the rolls or rollers, or upon
the plate itself, and the plate may, or may not, pass through a receiver containing the
coating material in any suitable and convenient manner, and we have found a pump
or pumps or buckets, or other mechanical contrivance, suitable to the purpose,
although we do not limit ourselves to these special means of projecting the coating
metal on the plate. The plate thus becomes coated with metal, and the surplus
coating material falls or gravitates to the bottom of the pot to be utilized again as
may be required.
The coating metal may be obtained from the pot itself or from any other convenient
source. As for instance the coating material inay be conveyed to a receiver on a
level with or above the machine, and supply conveyed and regulated to rolls or rollers
or onto the plate from that receiver. The pot is so constructed that it can be
replenished with fresh coating material through a projection on, or box fitted to, the
pot, it will then pass under a baffle or division plate, into the pot. The height of the.
projection or box being governed by the necessary weight of the coating material
required to keep the palm oil or other flux at its proper height or level, and the depth
of the baffle or division plate is also regulated according to the depth or quantity
of molten metal required to be kept and maintained in the bottom of the pot
proper.
The necessary pressure between the rolls or rollers for the purpose of taking off any
excess of tin or coating material which may accumulate during the process of coating,
is regulated by means of screws and springs.
In some cases we may employ a separate "soaking pot" which is filled sufficiently.
full of molten metal, and the plates to be coated are (if necessary) firstly immersed

page_text: into the 'soaking pot' and then passed through the
described.
In order to accommodate a number of plates we provide the "soaking pot" with
interior divisions or prongs to hold separate the plates therein.
By our invention scruff or other impurity is prevented from becoming attached to
the plates as is now often the case, because the plates first pass through any
impurity that may be generated, and subsequently through pure metal or coating
material.
The accompanying drawings illustrate the manner in which our invention may be
conveniently carried into effect.
Figure 1 is a vertical cross section, and Figure 2 is a plan of apparatus or
machinery for coating iron, steel, or other plates with tin, terne, or other metals or
their alloys, constructed according to our invention.
Similar letters of reference refer to like parts in all the figures.
A B C is the pot made of any convenient shape and size which may be rectangular
and of cast iron, the size to some extent depending upon the number of rolls contained
in the upper portion of the said pot. The lower part of the pot contains the tin or
other coating material for the plates; A shews the first or receiving chamber, B shews
the finishing or second chamber, and C the chamber or receptacle for the pump and
coating metal. y is a plate which may be removable when required by being fitted
into grooves cast on each side of the inside of the pot and dividing the receptacle A
from the receptacle B; a' is the other dividing plate preferably cast in a pieco with
the pot proper, and between the plate y and division there an aperture y as shewn
for the passage through same of the plates to be coated. The finishing or second
chamber B is divided from the chamber C by a plate a² having the aperture c¹ therein,
and b is a box casting or baffle plate covering the aperture c¹ and extending below
the overflow or bottom of outlet for arresting or partially arresting and for regulating
the level of the liquid metal in the pot; a shews the pump placed near the bottom
of the chamber C, being one of the arrangements we have found to answer the
purpose for raising the liquid metal to the plates to be coated as hereafter more
particularly described. Instead however of this pump, any other convenient means
may be adopted for raising the liquid such as endless buckets going down and dipping
into the liquid and carrying same up and projecting it onto the plates to be coated.
When however a pump is employed, the suction pipe is fixed about two inches
from the bottom of the pot so as to ensure a pure supply of metal free of all
impurities.
vis the pipe extending from the pump a to the point or points it is desired to
convey the metal to, and for directing it onto the plates, one only of such pipes is
shewn but there may be if required two or more with a spreader or other device for
conveying and distributing the metal equally over the surface of the plates or along
the rolls. 1, are the rolls to which the liquid metal is conveyed they are driven by
toothed wheels or by friction or in any other convenient manner and are mounted on
axles turning in bearings in a box or frame as shewn. d, d and e, e, e are the exit or
finishing rollers between which the plates pass before leaving the machine in a coated
and finished state. c, c are springs for communicating the necessary pressure between
the said rolls; ff are levers, one of the ends of which press against the springs c to
keep same in position. There are screwed spindles passing through eyes in the
levers at one end and through lugs on the pot at the other end for raising or
lowering the levers and consequently for increasing or diminishing the pressure of
the springs c on the rolls as may be required. N is a connecting rod from the pump a
to eccentric O. P is the eccentric shaft carrying on the other end thereof pulleys
whereby motion is communicated to the pump when required from any prime
mover.
On one end of the rolls spur gearing his fitted, on the other end there is driving
gear consisting of three toothed wheels i and driven with a tooth wheel fixed on
shaft k; the bottom rolls 1, 1 are the tinning or "swilling" rolls, a spring attachment m
is also fitted to these rolls and is acted upon by a wedge shaped bolt n and controlled

page_text: by a nut underneath the bracket o. The frames b, b are attached to chamber B by
cramps or hook brackets p, p slotted out to receive the bearing pins, on end of
frame, it can thus he lifted out or turned up, as on a hinge, for repairs for example.
The other ends rest on brackets ss and adjusted by nuts on eyebolts t, t. In this
chamber B there is also a receiver or spreader u this is fixed and connected to pump.
or bucket lift, by the pipe or pipes e, and so arranged that the aperture w will liberate
a quantity of metal less than that delivered from pump, the remainder overflowing
and taking with it all impurities over overflow a thereby ensuring a pure supply of
metal to tinning rolls 1, 1.
The whole or part of the surplus metal after doing its duty falls upon division
plate y, some of it passing between division plates y and a¹ and thus doing a double
duty, viz. to feed the metal in chamber A and also to swill off any scruff that may
have formed at that or any other point, the remainder falling down and passing under
box casting or baffle plate and passing through the overflow c¹ into pump chamber C
to be utilized again. In this chamber B palm oil or other known flux is used to level
of division plate y at d and which flux will be kept from flowing into chamber C
by the box casting or baffle plate by reason of the flux being lighter than the
metal.
The chamber A is the receiving chamber and is provided with guide plates e¹, el.
over which and carried by suitable wheels f¹f there are two endless chains to which
are fixed suitable projections, these chains are driven by a shaft gas shewn. This
chamber A has a bath of molten metal up to level h¹ the remainder is filled with palm
oil or other known flux to level of end of pot at which place a rectangular pot
(not shewn) is placed, to receive or hold a supply of flux for chambers A and B.
The duty of the plate y is to separate the two fluxes in chambers A B as the action
of the acids used for preparing the plate for receiving its coat of metal, turns the flux
black and so gives a finished plate a yellowish tinge, if passed through it after
tinning. It is important to have the plate y or other means to the same end,
as by its use the grease or flux through which the plate to be coated lastly passes,
is more pure than it would be provided the grease or flux was not separated.
The bottom plate a¹ is fixed to control level of metal, and also to protect the flux
from overheating in chamber B from the excessive heat from bath of metal in
chamber A, which bath is heated many degrees more than flux in chamber B, this
precaution must be used, as if a finished plate passes through burnt or overheated flux,
it has the effect of taking off the bright appearance of the coated plate.
""
If the division plate a should not be non-conductive enough, a course of "bricks
may with advantage be lined on face of plate a' in chamber B. The metal delivered
from pump will not have this deteriorating effect on flux as it will only be heated to a
sufficiently molten state to run freely.
The operation is as follows: The plate to be coated after having been treated in the
usual manner of preparation for receiving the coating of metal, is placed upon the
guide plates e it is then forced down these plates by projections on endless chains,
through flux, and into bath of metal at h' emerging out of bath through the passage y
between the two division plates y and a¹ it has now received its first coating of metal,
it then passes for short space through the flux, then into rolls 1, 1, emerging out of
these a stream of coating metal is projected on to the plate from the pipe or pipes v
conveyed thereto by the pump a or other means such as endless buckets, the plate is
thus coated as it passes through and between the rolls 1, 1. On the plate leaving the
rolls 1, it is caught by the rolls d, d whence it travels upwards to the exit rolls
and is thence removed by an attendant.
e, e
In the drawings we have only shewn three sets of rolls but in practice there may
be more if desired and according to the size or arrangement of pot to which our
invention may be applied. The rolls may be driven from the same prime mover as
the pump and by clutch gear or other suitable means the rolls or pump may be thrown
out of work or they may work simultaneously as may be required.
The pot can be replenished with fresh coating material when required by removing
the lid covering the chamber C passing under the baffle plate 6' into the pot itself,

page_text: the height of the projection or box being governed or regulated by the necessary
height of the coating material required to keep the palm oil or other flux at its proper
height or level and the depth of the baffle plate and edge of the aperture c¹ are also
regulated according to the depth or quantity of molten metal required to be kept and
maintained in the bottom of the pot proper.
By our invention scruff or other impurity is prevented from becoming attached to
the plates as is now often the case because the plates first pass through any impurity
that may be generated and subsequently through pure metal or coating material. The
bottom pair of rolls or rollers may be replaced by a pair of rolls which are so
constructed as to agitate the surface of the coating material, by which means the
scruff formed or forming may be dispersed and the plate is prevented from contact
with scruff thereby.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :
First The method of coating plates with tin, lead, and other metals or alloys of
same substantially consisting in raising or causing the molten metal to be poured or
projected upon the plate to be coated as it passes through the rolls or projecting such
metal upon the rolls themselves either continuously or only during the passage through
said rolls of the plate to be coated all substantially as herein before described and
illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Second In apparatus or machinery for coating plates the employment of a pump
for carrying up the liquid coating material from the bottom of the pot by or through
a pipe or suitable conduit to the place at or about which the metal is to be applied to
the plates substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated with reference to the
accompanying drawings.
Third: The general construction and arrangement of apparatus or machines for
coating plates with tin, lead or other metals and alloys of same composed of metal
raising contrivance such as pump a, spreader u, and divided pot A B C, baffle plate b¹ c
together with the special means described for feeding the plates to be coated all
constructed arranged and acting substantially as and for the purposes herein before
described and illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 18th day of January 1888.
WILLIAM H. RICKARD.
THOMAS JOHN RICKARD.