Improvements in Apparatus to be Employed for Heating, Drying and Ventilating.
Year: 1893

page_text: This Print is in accordance with the Original Specification as it stands after
Amendment (under Section 18 of the Patents, &c. Act, 1883) as allowed by
the decision of the Chief Examiner of the 6th day of January, 1898.
Date of Application, 7th Sept., 1893
Complete Specification Left. 7th June, 1894-Accepted 7th Sept. 1894
Date of Application, 7th Sept., 1893
Complete Specification Left. 7th June, 1894-Accepted. 7th Sept 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus to be Employed for Heating, Drying
and Ventilating.
I JOHN LANGFIELD of 10 Exchange Buildings St. Marys Gate Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Heating and Ventilating Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
The object of this invention is to construct an apparatus which can be employed
for heating and ventilating a building apartment or other place in cold weather,
and will also serve for cooling and ventilating the same in hot weather.
For these purposes I employ at one end of the building a vertical outlet shaft or
flue connected with a horizontal flue or passage beneath the floor of the building
or apartment, which flue or passage communicates by grids in the floor with the
interior of the building or apartment.
A heating apparatus of the vertical, tubular class (such as patented by myself
No. 15522 dated October 29th 1888) is situated beneath the said horizontal passage
into which the upper ends of the vertical heating tubes pass and also with a
passage from the lower end of the said tubes communicating with the interior of
the building or apartment.
These passages are provided with doors or dampers by means of which the
direction of the current of air passing through them may be diverted.
A cold air inlet is provided at or near the end of the building or apartment
furthest from the outlet shaft so arranged as to admit the external air through a
vertical shaft from the bottom of the room to a point at or near the ceiling and a
grid is provided in the floor at or near the outlet end of the building each of which
may be closed at will by means of a damper or slide.
When the building or apartment is to be heated and ventilated the cold air inlet
at the end furthest from the outlet shaft must be closed and both grids in the floor
opened, and cold air admitted at the lower end of the vertical heating tubes, the
dampers being so manipulated that this air first passes through the vertical heating
tubes and thence by the horizontal flue and floor grid into the building or
apartment. This warm air will ascend to the ceiling and as it accumulates in the
upper part it will gradually force the cold air of the building or apartment
downwards and out through the other floor grid and horizontal flue into the
vertical flue or outlet shaft and thus the apartment or building will be heated and
ventilated without any appreciable current or draught of air.
On the contrary when the building
to be cooled and ventilated the cold air
inlet at the end furthest from the outlet shaft is to be opened and the floor grid at
the other end closed, and the dampers so manipulated that there is a downward

page_text: current though imperceptible to the occupants of the room through the floor grid
direct to the lower end of the vertical heating" tubes and through them upwards
into the horizontal flue or passage under the floor to the vertical flue or outlet shaft
all the foul air from the building or apartment being thus caused to pass through
the vertical heating tubes on their way to the outlet shaft and thus to be purified
and rendered innocuous.
If necessary a small furnace or stove may be fitted to the lower end of the outlet
shaft to ensure the destruction of infectious germs.
This cooling and ventilating apparatus is particularly applicable to hospitals and
other buildings where the atmosphere is liable to be charged with fever and other
microbes, and as it is essential especially in hospitals and similar places to supply
pure air to the rooms, which is a difficult matter in a town, I wash the air before
admission. For this purpose I provide a purifying chamber below the inlet and
connected thereto bv a vertical pipe or shaft leading from a space or passage at a
lower level than the bottom of the, said purifying chamber. The latter is in the
form of a long passage provided, with a number of partial, divisions. or. partitions
extending alternately from the top and the bottom thereof and with a suitable inlet
passage preferably near the bottom. The latter is provided along its upper part
say at the point where it joins the purifying chamber with a pipe provided with a
series of jets along its under side so that water will issue therefrom in the form of
a fine spray and wash the air, which, as it travels slowly from the inlet to the shaft
leading to the building or place to be supplied with air, will as the moisture
condenses part with any impurities (smoke dust &c.) still left therein and will thus
enter the building pure and clean. A suitable channel or channels is or are
provided at the bottom of the purifying chamber for the escape of the condensed
water through a grid or grids to a suitable trapped drain pipe or pipes.
The vertical tubes of the heating apparatus above described may be heated by
waste heat or by a special furnace and the hot air may be moistened by steam when
required (for example for warming and'ventilating) or it may be supplied dry when
used for drying purposes.
It will be evident that this apparatus may be constructed' especially for heating
or drying or for cooling and ventilating.
Dated this 6th day of September 1893.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION. (AMENDED.)
Improvements in Apparatus to be Employed for Heating, Drying,
and Ventilating.
I JOHN, LANGFIELD of 10 Exchange. Buildings, St. Marys Gate, Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Heating, and Ventilating Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is, to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
...
The object of this invention is to construct an apparatus which can be employed
for heating and ventilating a building apartment or other place in, cold weather,
and will also serve for cooling and ventilating the same in hot weather.
The invention will be readily understood from the accompanying drawing (which
represents in section part of a room with my invention applied) and from the
following description.
I employ at one end of the building or apartment A a vertical outlet shaft or
flue a connected with a horizontal flue or passage b beneath the floor of the building

page_text: or apartment, which flue or passage & communicates by grids c c¹ in the floor with
the interior of the building or apartment.
A heating apparatus d of the vertical tubular class (such as patented by myself
No. 15522 dated October 29th 1888) is situated beneath the said horizontal
passage into which the air from the upper ends of the, vertical heating tubes d
passes, and also with a passage bt from the lower end of the said tables d communi-
cating with the interior of the building or apartment A.
These passages are provided with doors or dampers hereafter described by
means of which the direction of the current of air passing through them may, be
diverted.
A cold air inlet e is provided at or near the end of the building or apartment
furthest from the outlet shaft a so arranged as to admit the external air through a
vertical shaft f from the bottom of the room to a point at or near the ceiling as
shewn, and a grid is provided in the floor at or near the outlet end of the
building. The cold air inlet shaft f and the grid c¹ may be closed at will by means
of a damper f and a slide respectively.
When the building or apartment is to be heated and ventilated the damper f
admitting the cold air from the inlet at the end furthest from the outlet shaft must
be closed as shewn in full lines and both grids c and c¹ in the floor opened, and cold
air admitted at the lower end of the vertical heating tubes, the dampers and b
being so manipulated as shewn in full lines that this air first passes through the
vertical heating tubes d, and becoming heated therein attains a considerable
velocity as it issues thence through a flue leading to the horizontal flue band
through the floor grid c, into the building or apartment.
The length and number of these tubes will be increased in proportion to the area
of the apartment to be heated, the velocity of the current increasing with the
length of the tubes. This warm air will ascend to the ceiling and as it is obliged
to accumulate in the upper part it will gradually force the cold air of the building
or apartment downwards and out through the other floor grid c¹ and horizontal flue
as seen by the arrows into the vertical flue or outlet shaft a and thus the apartment
or building will be heated & ventilated without any appreciable current or draught
of air.
On the contrary when the building is to be cooled and ventilated the cold air
inlet damper f' at the end furthest from the outlet shaft is to be opened (see dotted
lines) and the floor grid c¹ at the other end closed, the sliding damper e¹ is also let
down and closed and the dampers 2 and 3 so manipulated (see dotted lines) that
there is a downward current, though imperceptible to the occupants of the room,
through the floor grid e direct to the lower end of the vertical heating tubes & and
through them upwards into the horizontal flue or passage b under the floor to the
vertical flue or outlet shaft, all the foul air from the building or apartment being
thus caused to pass through the vertical heating tubes on their way to the
outlet shaft as seen by the dotted arrows and thus to be purified and rendered
innocuous.
If necessary a small furnace or stove (not shewn on the drawings) may be fitted
to the lower end of the outlet shaft a to ensure the destruction of infectious
germs.
This cooling and ventilating apparatus is particularly applicable to hospitals and
other buildings where the atmosphere is liable to be charged with fever and other
microbes, and as it is essential especially to hospitals and similar places to supply,
pure air to the rooms, which is a difficult matter in a town, I wash the air before
admission. For this purpose I provide a purifying chamber g.
The latter is in the form of a long passage provided with a number of partial
divisions or partitions g¹ extending alternately from the top and the bottom thereof,
and with a suitable inlet passage preferably near the bottom as shewn. The
latter is provided along its upper part, say at the point where it joins the purifying
chamber, with a pipe 3 provided with a series of jets along its under side so that
water will issue therefrom in the form of a fine spray and wash the air, which, as

page_text: it travels slowly from the inlet to the shaft leading to the building or place to be
supplied with air, will as the moisture condenses part with any impurities (smoke
dust &c.) still left therein, and will thus enter the building pure and clean. A
suitable channel h, or channels, is or are provided at the bottom of the purifying
chamber for the escape of the condensed water through a grid or grids to a suitable
trapped drain pipe or pipes.
The vertical tubes of the heating apparatus above described may be heated by
waste heat, or by a special furnace as shown, and the hot air may be moistened by
steam when required (for example for warming and ventilating) or it may be
supplied dry when used for drying purposes.
It will be evident that this apparatus may be constructed especially for heating
or drying or for cooling and ventilating.
For heating or drying the passages f and 61, being unnecessary, would be
dispensed with, and the communication between the passage and the grid
closed.
1
For cooling and ventilating, the communication between the passage d and the
grid c would be closed, and the passages f and b¹ retained; and in either case use-
less dampers would be dispensed with. This will not require further illustration
being quite self evident.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
The combination with a series of vertical air heating tubes creating a current
of heated air, and a high vertical shaft, of air inlets, and outlets, flues, passages,
and dampers, substantially as hereinbefore described by means of which a room or
other enclosed space can be either supplied with fresh heated air or fresh cold air
and thus ventilated.
Dated this fith day of Tune 1801
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicant.