IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR MAKING BOLTS
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughts-
man, for the Invention of "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR MAKING BOLTS AND
Sealed the 10th May 1859, and dated the 24th November 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 24th November 1858.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR MAKING BOLTS AND
RIVETS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel arrangement of machinery for making
bolts and rivets, in which the dies and headers are combined in a rotary stock
in such form and manner that they are all accessible for inspection and
replacement, whether at rest or in motion.
The dies are fixed, the one-half in clamps, hinged to the periphery of the
stock, and the other half let into the stock, while the headers, one for each
pair of dies, work in sockets in the rear of the dies, and parallel with the axis
of rotation of the stock. Combined with the stock so fitted is a feed rest and
cutter, of such form and construction as to facilitate the feeding in of the rod to

page_text: form the bolts, and to effect the severance of the rod by the rotation of the
stock, to form the blanks without expanding the rod at the point severed, and
afford support to the point of the bolt or rivet during the process of heading.
For releasing the formed bolt or rivet from the dies, the hinged clamps are
tripped up by a projection on the rear end coming against fixed bowles, and
the dies are thus opened; sliding rods in the dies are then thrust forward by
springs provided for the purpose, and the formed bolt is ejected from one or
other division of the die.
The dies are further constructed, so that a distinct part forming the shoulder,
against which the head of the bolt or rivet will be made, may be easily
removed and replaced, and a lip at their outer ends is provided, which will not
only facilitate the severing of the blank, but leave the end of the formed bolt
or rivet slightly pointed.
The dies are kept closed during the severing and the heading of the blank
by means of pressing rollers with which the clamps come in contact at the
required moment during the revolution of the stock, and the projection of the
headers towards their respective dies is caused by their being carried over
the fixed adjustable cani piece.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 24th May 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, Her special license that I, the said
Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR MAKING BOLTS AND RIVETS," being a communi-

page_text: cation from abroad, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Alfred Vincent Newton, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
This Invention, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent,
relates to a novel arrangement of machinery for making bolts and rivets, in
which the lies and headers are combined in a rotary stock in such form and
manner, that they are all accessible for inspection and replacement, whether
at rest or in motion. The dies are fixed, the one-half in clamps, hinged to the
periphery of the stock, and the other half let into the stock, while the headers
(one for each pair of dies) work in sockets in the rear of the dies, and parallel
with the axis of rotation of the stock. Combined with the stock so fitted is a
feed rest and cutter, of such form and construction as to facilitate the feeding
in of the rod to form the bolts, and to effect the severance of the rod by
the rotation of the stock to form the blanks, without expanding the rod at the
point severed, and afford support to the point of the bolt or rivet during the
process of heading. For releasing the formed bolt or rivet from the dies,
the hinged clamps are tripped up by a projection on the rear end coming
against fixed bowles, and the dies are thus opened. Sliding rods in the dies
are then thrust forward by springs provided for the purpose, and the formed
bolt is ejected from one or other division of the die. The dies are further
constructed, so that a distinct part forming the shoulder, against which the
head of the bolt or rivet will be made, may be easily removed and replaced, and
a lip at their outer ends is provided, which will not only facilitate the severing
of the blank, but leave the end of the formed bolt or rivet slightly pointed.
In the accompanying Drawings Fig. 1, Sheet I., is a side elevation of the
machine, showing the stock at that period of its rotation when the dies are
adapted to receive the rod. Fig. 2, Sheet I., is a plan view of the machine
showing specially the relative position of the headers, component parts of the
rotary stock, and compressing friction rollers. Fig. 3, Sheet I., is a vertical
sectional elevation of the forming dies, showing the position of the moveable
releasing rods; the springs that secure the rods within their sockets; the

page_text: adjustable distinct part against which the head of the bolt or rivet is made;
and the provision for compressing the bolt at the point severed. Fig. 4,
Sheet I., is a side elevation of the divided cutter and feed rest, showing their
relative position at that period of the rotation of the stock at which the blank
is severed.
Fig. 1, Sheet II., is a side elevation of the machine, shewing the opposite
side to that exhibited at Fig. 1, Sheet I. Fig. 2, Sheet II., is a sectional
elevation of the machine taken vertically through its centre. Fig. 3, Sheet II.,
is an isometrical view of the header shown as being detached from the machine.
Fig. 4, Sheet II., is an isometrical view of the cam by which the headers are
forced into the dies. Fig. 5, Sheet II., is an isometrical view, shewing the
spring catch which serves as a gauge for the feed rest, and is made to force
the moveable portion of the divided cutter into position for cutting, also one.
of the bolts which pass through the component parts of the rotary stock and
secure them firmly together, and the spring for retaining the spring catch in
its acting position; all are shewn as being detached from the machine.
a, Fig. 1, Sheet I., is an iron frame supporting a circular rotating casting
composed of three parts C, L, U, Fig. 2, Sheet I. The part U, called the
clamp stock, is of a diameter somewhat greater than the part c which is the
header stock, and that marked L is a partition or separating segment. These
several parts are securely bolted together, and rotate as one stock. At equal
distances around the clamp stock, and formed to fit and lie snugly upon its
outer periphery, is a series of jaws or clamps c. These clamps are attached to
working hinge, and at their
the clamp stock U at d, Fig. 1, Sheet I., by a
heel on their inner side are provided with a projection t, and on their outer
side with a tappet r.
Dovetailed cavities are formed across the outer.
periphery of the clamp stock U, and also in the corresponding concave faces
of the clamps e to receive the die pieces, ', fully shown in Fig. 3, Sheet 1.
These die pieces, ', are made with longitudinal semi-cylindrical grooves,
forming, when placed in contact, the apertures f, which are adapted to nip the
rod tightly when the clamp e and stock U are nearly in close contact. The
dies,, are formed to receive the steel shoulder pieces y, and are made with
the slots or sockets, through which the moveable releasing rods w operate (sec
the dotted lines through the clamp e, tie piece, stock U, and die piece ¹, in
Fig. 1, Sheet I.) for the purpose of releasing the formed bolt or rivet from the
die pieces, . The die pieces (see Fig. 3, Sheet I.) are furnished with a
lip v, which compresses the bolt or rivet at the point severed, and at the same
time facilitates the process of severing. At the die pieces, ¹, are made of
the size and form corresponding to the head of the bolt to be manufactured.

page_text: The releasing rods w are provided at their outer ends with springs m for the
purpose of confining them within their sockets when not required to release
the formed bolt or rivet. Between the clamp stock U and the plummer
block, Fig. 1, Sheet I., and formed to turn upon the shaft, is an arm i, fully
shewn in Fig. 4, Sheet I., terminating with the head k, which forms a part of
the divided cutter k, j. B is the feed rest firmly bolted to and forming a
part of the arm i, and also serving as a bearing for the rod during the process
of cutting. The divided cutter formed of the jaws & and j, Fig. 4, Sheet I.,
has the inner edges converging downward and backward, so that at the
point of union the throat is somewhat smaller than the size of the rod to be
worked. The iron plate D to which the guide C is bolted, and to which the
jaw j is attached, and of which it is really a part, is stationary and is attached
to the frame a, as represented in Fig. 1, Sheet I., and is made with a vertical
face extending downward across the frame a, for the purpose of affording
support to the end of the bolt or rivet during the process of heading. After
the rod is severed the arm i, jaw k, and feed rest B, are elevated by means of
the cord and weight W, Fig. 1, Sheet I., until in the rotation of the stock U,
it is arrested by the spring catch K at the proper point to act as a feed rest
for the rod. When it has fed the rod to the die, ¹, it is again returned by
means of the spring catch K to the cutting position. Opposite to and in a
line with the die aperture f is a headers, Fig. 2, Sheet II., occupying a
suitable socket in the header stock c; the header is fully represented by Fig. 3,
Sheet II., and is made to work into the cylindrical aperture u in the die <,<¹,
Fig.3. Sheet II.; n, o, Fig. 2, Sheet I., is a stationary adjustable cam formed.
with the upper portion of its face n nearly parallel with the plane of rotation
of the stock C, L, U, and is really a gauge for the introduction of the rod into
the (lics, ; the face of the lower portion o inclines toward the stock; the
adjustment of this cam is effected by means of the set screw X; p,p, Fig. 2,
Sheet I., is a compressing friction roller adjustable horizontally in the direction
of the clamp stock U by means of the set screw x.
p', Fig. 1, Sheet J., is also a compressing friction roller, and acts in concert
with the roller p, p, in holding the clamp e tightly against the clamp stock U.
The recess or depression in the roller p' is somewhat narrower than the
corresponding recess or depression in the roller p, p, so that as the stock
rotates, the tappet r of the clamp e passes through the recess in the roller p, p,
but impinges against the roller p'. F and G (fully shown in Fig. 2, Sheet II.)
are stationary cams attached to the frame a, for the purpose of operating the
releasing rods w, w; h, Fig. 2, Sheet II., is a stationary cam made to with-
draw the header s after the bolt is fully formed. Y, shown by dotted lines in

page_text: Fig. 1, Sheet I., is a stationary cam attached to the frame a, above the cam h,
for the purpose of withdrawing the spring catch K at that period of the
rotation of the stock when the jaws k and j of the divided cutter are united.
R, Fig. 1, Sheet I., are pieces of india-rubber, inserted at proper places into
the clamp stock U, and project sufficiently to hold the clamp e slightly. apart
from the stock U to facilitate the feeding of the rod. The header is prevented
from turning in its socket in the header stock c by means of the set screw 1,
Fig. 2, Sheet I., which works into the slot in the headers, fully shown in
Fig. 3, Sheet II.
The operation is as follows:-The stock C, L, U, being made to rotate in
the direction of the arrow, a rod is placed upon the feed rest B of the arm i,
and being held firmly with its end in contact with the face of the clamp stock
U, either by hand or by a weighted follower, it will enter readily the first
aperture f, which is presented; the clamp e at this point being held slightly
apart from the periphery of the clamp stock U, by the india-rubber R. The
stock continuing to rotate the clamp e by means of the compressing friction
rollers p, p, p, is made to press forcibly upon the rod within the grasp of the
dies,, while the downward pressure of the rod, bearing upon the feed rest
B, depresses the same, together with the jaw k of the divided cutter, causing
the jaws and j to contract forcibly upon the rod at the point at which it is
severed, and thereby prevent the expansion thereof, while that portion retained
in the dies, ', is severed by the rotation of the stock, the rollers p, p, p',
continuing to hold the clamp e tightly compressed. The vertical face of the
jawj, upon the inner side of the frame a, now forms a support to the point of
the blank, while the header s, being pressed against the inclined face of the
cam n, o, is thereby impelled forward in such manner as to form the head of
the bolt or rivet, after which the tappet, impinging against the compressing
roller p', causes the clamp c to retract the projection t, preventing it from
receding too far. The stock still rotating, the headers is caught by the cam
h, and made to retract, at the same time the releasing rods press against the
cams F, G, by which they are impelled forward and release the bolt or rivet.
When the releasing bolts or rods w have passed from the cams F, G, the
springs m at once return them to their places within their sockets. When
the cutter is not required to compress the end of the rod, it may be in one
piece and wholly stationary, but it is preferred to divide the cutter in all cases.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of "Improved Machinery
for Making Bolts and Rivets," as cominunicated to me from abroad, and
explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be under-
stood, that under the above in part recited Letters Patent, I claim,-

page_text: First, constructing and arranging the clamps on the periphery of a rotary
stock, as described, in combination with the compressing friction rollers for the
closing and retracting the clamps.
Second, in combination with the above the divided cutter feed rest and
spring catch, by means of which the rotation of the clamp stock severs the
blank.
Third, the construction of the dies, and their attachments, as described.
Fourth, the arrangement of the headers and adjustable stationary cam in
combination with the clamps and perpendicular faced jaw j, substantially as
and for the purposes set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Twenty-fourth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
15 Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
A. V. NEWTON. (L.S.)