HYDROCARBON VAPOR GENERATORS AND BURNERS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Sydney Pitt at the Office of the
A communication from.
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th May 1880.
abroad by Edward Grant Furber, of the City and County of New York, United
States of America.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
SYDNEY PITT, of Sutton, in the County of Surrey.
HYDROCARBON VAPOR GENERATORS AND BURNERS." [A communication from
abroad by Edward Grant Furber, of the City and County of New York, United
States of America.]
This Invention has for its object improvements in hydrocarbon vapor generators
and burners. The following is a Specification, reference being had to the
accompanying Drawings forming part thereof, of which,-
Figure 1 is an elevation partly in section of the burner; Figure 2 is a plan or top
view of the same.
The Invention relates to that class of hydrocarbon burners in which the hydro-
carbon is vaporized and mingled with super-heated steam before its combustion, the
vaporization of the carbon and the making and super-heating of the steam being
effected by the heat produced by such combustion.
A and B are two metal pipes, each being folded back upon itself, as shown plainly
in Figure 2, and the two folds of B being bent into nearly a semi-circular form
around A. Whereby the entire of the pipes is brought within the compass of the
flame of the burner to be presently described. B is the steam generator and heater,
and A the hydrocarbon vaporizer. To B are coupled the pipes C and D, the former
being an induction pipe for the introduction of water into B, and the latter eduction
pipe through which the super-heated steam is conducted to the burner. To A arc
coupled the pipes E and F, the former for the introduction into A of a liquid
hydrocarbon to be vaporized, and F an eduction pipe through which the vapor is
conducted to the burner.
a is a burner or nozzle in the end of the pipe F, through which the vaporized
hydrocarbon is discharged for combustion, and 6 is a burner or nozzle in the end
of the pipe D, through which the super-heated steam is discharged. The nozzle a
is placed within the nozzle b, as shown in the Drawings (Figure 1), the latter
preferably extending somewhat above the nozzle a. By this arrangement of parts
the vapor
of the carbon and the superheated steam are completely commingled
before reaching the point of combustion.

page_text: G is a deflector placed immediately over the burners, which serve to deflect
and spread the jet of mingled vapor and steam issuing from a and b. The form
shown in the Drawings is that of an inverted cone, but it may be a plane
disk.
H is an air conductor, preferably in the form of a truncated cone, which surrounds
and encloses b and extends somewhat above them. The deflector G stands over
and upon the upper open end of H in position it may be supported in any suitable
way. The Drawing shows it supported by feet c, c, that project from G and rest
on the flaring rim d of H. This arrangement of parts forms an annular space
between the said deflector and rim through which the mingled vapor and steam
from a, b, in passing are deflected and spread, while there is an upward forced draft
of air within H, both by reason of the action on the injector principle of the jet of
vapour and steam, and of the heating of the interior of H by the burners, whereby
the necessary air is supplied to support active combustion perfectly, which takes
place around the deflector at the rim d of the chimney H.
The pipes A and B being placed directly over the burner are subjected to the
first action of the flame produced by the burning vapor, the heat of which is
intensified and augmented by the hydrogen liberated by the decomposition which
occurs of the super-heated steam. By this flame the said pipes are raised to a
bright red or white heat, whereby both the hydrocarbon vapor and the steam are
heated almost to the point of combustion and decomposition when they pass
through the burners a and d.
The small spaces between the folds of the said pipes permit the flame and heat
to pass directly up between and envelope the pipes, and then pass on to serve any
desired heating purpose.
It is intended that the liquid hydrocarbon and also the water intended for use
shall be held in suitable separate receptacles placed above the level of the burner,
and that the pipes C and E shall be extended to connect therewith respectively;
the said pipes to be supplied with stop cocks, whereby the fluids may be led and
discharged into the pipes A and B slowly in proportion as they will be vaporized
and burned.
If preferred, the air conductor surrounding the burner may have a form not
extending below the lower end of the burner, and it may be closed at the bottom
with an air pipe opening into the side of it. Also, if found necessary, a fan
or other analogous device may be used to force air to the burner through the
conductor.
The pipes A, A, may in some cases be employed as the steam generator, and B, B,
with its connections for the generation of hydrocarbon vapor.
I also sometimes employ a third bend on top of and similar in shape to A, A,
and B, B, and of intermediate size, filled with iron borings or filings, or similar
substance, so that steam passing through this third pipe while intensely heated by
the burner underneath, as before described, may be decomposed, and the resulting
hydrogen gas be led to a gasometer where it is to be mixed with hydrocarbon oil
vapor obtained from a similar apparatus in which oil is forced into the third pipe,
which however has no iron borings or filling of any kind,