matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
A Clip to Prevent Windows Rattling.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application. 13th June, 1891
Complete Specification Lef, 10th Mar., 1892-Accepted, 16th Apr.. 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A Clip to Prevent Windows Rattling.
SYDNEY JOHN WILDE, Boulevard Chambers, Weston super Mare, Somerset,
Architect, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
A clip to prevent windows from rattling.
-
The invention consists of two parts a and b on section A B (see accompanying
drawing). Part a forms a clip of metal which is affixed with screws d to the upper
part of meeting rail e of lower window sash. A small oil hole is provided
through the clip for lubricating purposes.
Ch.
The part on section A B forms a tongue of metal which is affixed with
screws to the upper part of meeting rail of upper window sash. The object
attained is that when the window is closed the clip a grips the tongue b, the clip
and tongue being rounded and polished to fit each other as shown on section A B
thus drawing the sashes e & f tightly together against the parting slip g and
preventing the rattling of sashes against the frame and beads through wind or
other causes.
It is intended that these clips be used in conjunction with any kind
of sash fastener.
Dated this Twolfth day of June 1801
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Clip to Prevent Windows Rattling.
SYDNEY JOHN WILDE, Boulevard Chambers Waterloo Street Weston super
Mare Somerset Architect and Surveyor do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
An appliance in two separate parts numbered 1 and 2 respectively formed of
brass or other metal part 1 being fixed to the meeting rail of lower window sash
by means of screws C and part 2 being fixed to meeting rail of upper window
sash D by means of screws C. Part 1 of the appliance is fixed to meeting rail E
of lower window sash so that when the meeting rails of the upper and lower sashes
meet, that is when the window is closed, part 1 fits tightly over part 2 thus
preventing the sashes from rattling against each other. The appliance is self
acting and is provided with a thumb screw A which when unscrewed allows part 1
moving on a pivot B to be moved back when it is necessary to pass one sash across.
the other.
The accompanying drawing explains more clearly the construction of the
appliance.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is that the features of novelty and invention are :—
1stly. That the appliance is self acting and when in action prevents windows
from rattling.
2ndly. When the clip is not required in use it can be pushed back so that it does.
not interfere with the sashes passing each other.
3rdly. It can be used in conjunction with any sash fastener.
Dated this 9th day of March 1892.
SIDNEY JOHN WILL
Improvements in Horticultural Thermometers.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Oct., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 13th June, 1892-Accepted, 13th Aug., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Horticultural Thermometers.
FRANCIS ARTHUR DARTON and FREDERIC GEORGE PHILLIPS trading as
F. Darton & Co. Wholesale Opticians 142 St. John Street Clerkenwell E.C. do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:—
For the purpose of our invention we employ a scale on each side of a maximum
& minimum thermometer with a series of temperatures for certain horticultural
purposes.
On each scale are engraved the names of various plants and the corresponding
degrees of temperature necessary for same.
We purpose calling this thermometer the "Sutton."
FRANCIS ARTHUR DARTON.
FREDERIC GEORGE PHILLIPS.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Horticultural Thermometers.
FRANCIS ARTHUR DARTON and FREDERIC GEORGE PHILLIPS trading as
F. Darton & Co. Wholesale Opticians 142 St. John Street Clerkenwell E.C.
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
For the purpose of our invention we employ a scale on each side of a maximum
and minimum thermometer with a series of temperatures for certain horticultural
purposes.
On each scale are engraved the names of various plants and the correspond-
ing degrees of temperature necessary for same.
This thermometer we have named the "Sutton."
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is as follows:-
The placing of two scales on either side of a maximum & minimum thermometer
with a series of temperatures for horticultural purposes inscribed on the said scales.
Dated this Thirteenth day of June 1892.
FRANCIS ARTHUR DARTON.
FREDERIC GEORGE PHILLIPS.
An Improved Portable Mirror.
Year: 1891

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Portable Mirror.
I, ERNEST PITMAN, of 12, Royal Crescent, Bath, in the County of Somerset,
Publisher, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to an improved portable mirror or shaving glass adapted
for being readily attached to or detached from a window-pane or other flat surface,
and capable of being turned into and clamped in any desired position.
A portable mirror constructed according to my invention is shewn in vertical
section in the accompanying drawing.
The mirror or glass A, which may be magnifying or non-magnifying, is mounted
in a case B, and is held in position by a flanged ring b. The latter is secured to
the case by three screws, one of which, b, is shewn in the drawing. On the under
side of the case B there is a cavity in which is fitted a piece of leather C, or similar
substance, against which the ball D on the nut D' abuts. The ball D is held
against the leather abutment C by a cap B', which is hinged to the case B at b³.
In assembling the parts, the shank d is passed into the slot 6' in the cap B¹,
which is then hinged by the pin 6 to the case B. The screw B' serves to draw
the free end of the cap nearer to the case, thus enabling the ball D to be clamped
between the cap B¹ and the leather abutment C, in order to hold the glass at any
required angle. E is a metal base containing an india-rubber "sucker" F. G G¹ is
a pin having a flat head G and a screw-threaded shank G, which passes through
the boss of the sucker F and through the metal base, and screws into the nut D¹.
The boss is tied at f to the shank G in order to make the joint between the
sucker and the pin G G air-tight. The sucker F being pressed against the
window-pane or other flat surface to which it is desired to attach the glass,
the nut D¹ is turned so as to cause the pin G G¹ to draw the boss f of the sucker
toward the glass A and thus create a space nearly devoid of air beneath the
head G of the pin. When the nut D' has been turned sufficiently, the base E
and the parts attached are held against the window-pane or other surface by
atmospheric pressure.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I claim :-
1. The improved portable mirror or shaving glass provided with a pneumatic
holder, substantially as described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
2. A portable mirror constructed substantially as herein described and having a
glass or reflector A mounted in a case B and attached by means of a ball and
socket joint to a stem and pneumatic holder, the air being rarefied in the holder by
turning the stem.
Dated this 23rd day of October 1891.
G. G. M. HARDINGHAM,
191, Fleet Street, London, E.C., Chartered Patent Agent.
Machine for Cleaning Sausage Skins.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 19th June, 1891
Complete Specification Left, 11th Mar., 1892-Accepted, 30th Apr., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Machine for Cleaning Sausage Skins.
1, CROSBY LUMLEY TAWS Butcher 14 Saville Street West North Shields
Northumberland do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
At each end of a board about three feet long and about nine inches wide I place
a drum the same width as the board referred to. Between these drums, there is a
series of vertical plates of metal or other material having perforations of a
decreasing size. The skin to be operated on is rolled round one of the drums,
threaded through the perforations referred to, commencing with the larger one and
carried round the other drum. The drum is then turned by a crank and the skin
being drawn through the perforations is freed from all impurities. When desired
Sinaller drums are inserted between the vertical plates referred to, and are
actuated by connection with the end drum. On the skin being turned round
these small drums the strain is only that due to being drawn through one
perforation.
ليمي
T
1001
CROSBY LUMLEY TAWS.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Machine for Cleaning Sausage Skins.
I, CROSBY LUMLEY TAWS, Butcher 14 Saville Street West North Shields
Northumberland do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The body of the machine consists of a shaped frame of a suitable length.
Across the frame are placed the desired number of drums, one drum is actuated
by a crank and the other drums are connected to it by belts, chains, or cranks as
shewn in the drawings. Between each drum is placed a vertical plate of metal,
or other suitable material. These plates are perforated, the diameter of the
perforations decreasing from A to C. The skin to be operated upon should be
inserted at A drawn around D inserted through B, drawn around E inserted
through C. and finally drawn around F. The crank is then turned and the skin
will be drawn through the perforations and cleaned.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
(1) The manufacture of a machine for cleaning skins at one operation.
(2) The use of vertical plates having perforations of decreasing diameter.
(3) Connecting the drums.
Dated his 10th If Manch 1000
An Improved Holder for Umbrellas, Sticks, Pipes, and similar Articles.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Dec., 1891-Accepted, 9th Jan., 1892
An Improved Holder for Umbrellas, Sticks, Pipes, and similar
Articles.
I, HEINRICH EGBERTS, of 20 Hutfilterstrasse, Bremen, Germany, Sanitary
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The object of this invention is a holder for umbrellas, sticks, pipes etc., consisting
of cruciform pieces, or pieces of similar suitable shape, pivotted either horizontally
or vertically, and kept in their desired positions by pawls and springs.
In order that my invention may be the better understood, I now proceed to
describe the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the
letters and figures marked thereon.
Like letters refer to like parts throughout the drawings.
Figure 1 is a side elevation.
Figure 2 is a view, seen from below.
Figure 3 shows the bottom part belonging to the holder.
Figure 4 shows the apparatus fixed to a wall and
Figure 5 shows a cross section of the bottom part.
On the lower side of an upper plate b, Figure 2, are fixed cruciform pieces a
by means of pins c so that they can rotate around their axes. The cross pieces a
are prevented from falling off by pins c¹. On the under side of the plate bare also
arranged behind the cruciform pieces, ratchet pawls d of peculiar shape by means
of pins f. These pawls d carry pins d' against which press springs é attached to
the pins f. The pawls d and the springs e are prevented from coming off the
pins by means of cross pins f. The bent form of the ratchet pawl ensures the
cross piece being firmly secured in its respective position, because the lower round
part of the pawl exerts pressure, against one end of the cross, in a certain direction,
while the end of the pawl prevents the following end or arm of the cross from being
rotated in the same direction. If therefore the cross is turned 90°, the ratchet
pawl retains the former also in its new position.
The shape of the holder may be of any other suitable form, say that of
a star.
The upper plateb is recessed at those places under which are situated the retaining
ends of the cross pieces; these recesses serve for the reception of the articles to be
secured, such as umbrellas, sticks, etc.
The whole apparatus may be fixed to the wall by means of screws y. To avoid
soiling the floor etc., a bottom plate or trough, Figure 3, may be provided.
Having now particularly described the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:
A holder for umbrellas, sticks and similar articles consisting of cruciform or
similar suitable shape adapted to revolve, and spring pressed ratchet pawls of
suitable shape to maintain the said pieces in position, substantially as described and
shown in the drawings.
Dated this 7th day of December 1891.
FELL & WILDING,
Agents for the Applicant.
An Improved Article of Food or Solidifled Malt-extract Jelly.
Year: 1891

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Article of Food or Solidifled Malt-extract Jelly.
I WALTER ROBERTSON, of 37 Queen's Road, Chelsea, in the County of
Middlesex, Manufacturing Confectioner, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improved article of food in the shape of concentrated
or solidified malt-extract jelly and consists in preparing an extract of malt combined
with other wholesome and palatable ingredients in a solidified jelly form, in such
manner that the said food will keep any length of time in any climate, without the
flavour or quality in any way being liable to be impaired.
The said solidified jelly may be formed in tablets or cakes, and can be packed in
ordinary cardboard or paper packages, in tins, or in any other suitable packing or
wrapping means, after the manner of an ordinary sweatmeat.
In preparing the improved jelly, I make use of the following ingredients in the
following manner, and proportions:
I boil 56 pounds of refined sugar or liquid glucose, (either as convenient), to a
siccaty' consistency, then I add 28 pounds of malt extract, and 28 pounds of
gelatine, and then add lemon-juice, citric acid, and any suitable flavouring, such as
essence of orange, essence of lemon, alcoholic extracts of cinnamon, cassia beans, or
the like, to suit taste.
It will be obvious that I do not confine myself to the proportions herein stated.
The mixture is then poured into moulds, and allowed to cool, when it may be cut
to the sizes and forms required.
This solidified malt extract jelly is prepared for the table by adding water until
the desired consistency is obtained. It can also be used as a solid article of food,
or as a sweetmeat.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The solidified jelly consisting of 56 parts of refined sugar or liquid glucose :
28 parts of malt extract, and 28 parts of gelatine, combined with sufficient quantities
of lemon juice, citric acid, and suitable flavouring essences, the whole treated and
prepared substantially as described and for the purpose herein set forth.
Dated this 10th day of March 1891.
HUGHES, SON & CO.,
38, Chancery Lane, W.C., Agents.
Improvements in Paddle Wheels.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Dec., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 31st Aug., 1892-Accepted, 29th Oct., 1892
improv
I, JOHN KING, of 85 Park Road, Newcastle on Tyne, in the County of
Northumberland Draughtsman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
My invention consists, in fitting a circular rack, or wheel path, into, or as part of,
the framing of the paddle wheel.
The inner circumference of the said rack is in working connection, or gears with
a pinion wheel driven by the propelling engines.
The aforesaid pinion and rack may be toothed, or be in working connection by
other suitable means.
ليوم
Improvements in Paddle Wheels.
I, JOHN KING, of 85 Park Road, Newcastle on Tyne, in the County of
Northumberland, Draughtsman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention consists in fitting a circular rack or wheel path A into or as part of
the framing of the paddle wheel.
The inner circumference of this rack A is in working connection, by means of
teeth or otherwise, with the pinion B, driven by the propelling engines through the
shaft C.
The structure of the wheel is to be arranged to suit the positions of the rack A
and the pinion B, and stays, tic rods, and diagonal bracing D to be fitted where,
and of such strength as may be required. The rack A may be directly connected
to the framing of the driving floats E, or suitable means may be adopted to prevent
shock being transmitted from the floats to the pinion B or vice versa.
The paddle wheel may be of the feathering type with the eccentric sheave F
fitted to or as part of the outer bearing G as shown on the drawing, or the floats E
may be fixed rigidly to the wheel, as in the ordinary radial paddle wheel. In either
case, allowance may be made, by fitting the outer bearing G on slides or otherwise,
for sideward movement of the spring beam H.
This improved paddle wheel can be used as a side or stern propeller by modifying
the gearing to suit.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is,
(1) Saving of weight in driving machinery.
(2) Saving of weight in the paddle wheel.
(3) Greater efficiency as a propelling agent.

page_text: (5) Less straining on the vessel.
(6) Less space is occupied in the vessel by the smaller machinery required.
(7) Greater steadiness of motion.
Teh 20th In of riment 1900
Improvement in Spinning Spindles:
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 13th July, 1891
Complete Specification Left, 13th Apr., 1892-Accepted, 14th May, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Spinning Spindles:
I, EMILE POIZOT, of 16 Rue des Ursulines, Saint Denis, Seine,, France
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
According to this invention the spindle is made of a tube of hardened india-
rubber, gutta percha, ebonite, or such like material, the pulley being made in one
with it; a steel journal with bearing point is inserted at the pulley end.
Dated this 13th day of July 1891.
FREDERIC PRINCE,
Agent for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Spinning Spindles.
I, EMILE POIZOT, of 16 Rue des Ursulines, Saint Denis, Seine, France,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
To enable the invention to be fully-understood reference should be had to the
accompanying drawing, which is a sectional elevation of a spindle made according
to this invention.
A, is a tube of hardened india rubber, gutta percha, ebonite, or such like
material, and having a pulley A', made in one with it; within this tube is fitted a
steel journal B, with bearing point at end; this journal is inserted at the pulley
end and retained by a slight taper of the interior of the tube.
Having now particularly described' and ascertained the nature of this inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
.
A spinning spindle or bobbin holder constructed as hereinbefore described and
illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 13th day of April 1800
FREDERIC PRINCE,
1, Quality Court, Chancery Lane, London, Agent for Applicant.
A Material for Taking Casts of Foot Prints or other similar Impressions.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Apr., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 27th June, 1891-Accepted. 1st Aug., 1891
נות
A Material for Taking Casts of Foot Prints or other similar
Impressions.
RICHARD JACKSON Moss Analytical Chemist to the Royal Dublin Society,
address, Laboratory Royal Dublin Society, Kildare Street, Dublin do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The use of resin mixed with paraffin or wax in suitable proportion whereby a
cheap compound is obtained, which becomes quite fluid at a temperature below the
boiling point of water. This compound becomes hard & tough on cooling, and
yields a faithful impression, from which adhering foreign matter may be removed
by water.
Dated this 18th dor of April 1801
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Material for Taking Casts of Foot Prints or other similar
Impressions.
RICHARD JACKSON Moss Laboratory, Royal Dublin Society, Kildare Street
Dublin, Analytical Chemist do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a preparation to be used in taking casts of foot prints
or other similar impressions. The preparation consists of resin and paraffin or wax
mixed in suitable proportions whereby a cheap compound is obtained which
becomes quite fluid at a temperature below the boiling point of water. This
compound becomes hard & tough on cooling, and yields a faithful impression from
which adhering foreign matter may be removed by water. As an example of
suitable proportions I indicate:-Resin two parts; paraffin or wax, one part. The
preparation is made by mixing the ingredients together with the aid of heat.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of any said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is
The use of a preparation for taking casts of foot prints or the like substantially
as herein before described.
Dated this 26th day of June 1801
Improvements in Letter Copying Apparatus.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Sept., 1891-Accepted, 31st Oct., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Letter Copying Apparatus.
I GEORGE WRIGHT of 2 Long Lane, Aldersgate Street, in the City of London,
Stationers' Sundriesman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:―
This invention for improvements in letter copying apparatus has for its object
to provide a copying press of simple construction which may be readily and
expeditiously manipulated, and consists essentially of a pair of boards or plates
between which the copying book is placed, and hinged together by adjustable
hinges, and held when pressed together by a catch, the upper board or plate being
attached to curved spring-plates which serve to distribute the pressure uniformly
and to maintain an elastic pressure on the copying book.
In the accompanying sheet of illustrative drawings,
Fig. 1 represents a perspective view of a copying press constructed according
to this invention.
Figs. 2 and 3 are side elevations of the same showing the upper board secured
in its compressed and free positions respectively.
The base plate or board a is connected to the upper or pressure board by
the hinged bolts c which are adjustably secured to the ends of the spring-plates d
by the nuts e, while to the other ends of the said spring-plates is secured a cross-
plate having formed on it an inclined stepped or serrated projection g which,
when the springs d and board are depressed onto the book by means of the
hinged lever engages with the spring pawl or catch which thus holds the
pressure board in its depressed position until it is released by hand. The lever i
is formed with a hole or opening m through which the end of the catch
passes
wl.en engaging with the projection g. The spring plates d are attached to the
board by the screws as shown.
To release the pressure board band to remove the book h, the lever i is
depressed and the catch removed by the thumb or finger.
It will be seen that by means of the stepped projection 9 and the adjusting
nuts e books of various thickness may be employed, and that the spring-plates d
when pressed are flattened on the board and so tend to distribute the pressure
uniformly over the whole of its length.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. In letter copying apparatus the employment of spring plates attached to the
upper or pressure board and adjustably secured to bolts hinged to the base board
substantially as described.
2. Securing the pressure board in a depressed position by means of a spring
catch engaging with a stepped or serrated projection attached to the spring plates
substantially as described.
3. The arrangement and construction of letter copying apparatus substantially
as described with reference to the drawings.
Dated this 23rd day of September 1891.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.
An Improvement in Made-up Aprons for Ladies' Wear.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Jan., 1891-Accepted, 28th Feb., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in Made-up Aprons for Ladies' Wear.
We, RICHARD MULLINS MOODY & FRANK WILLIAM MUGFORD, the firm
of Richard Mullins Moody, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to an improvement in aprons for ladies wear, and has
for its object to provide the waist band with adjustable pin claws, and to thereby
securely retain the apron in its position upon the dress without the aid of buttons,
pins, or by tying as heretofore.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, wherein I have represented
a back view of apron showing the pin claws A in position upon the apron B, such
pin claws being easily removable for laundry purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
An apron provided with inwardly projecting pin claws, adapted to grip the
material of wearers dress, and so sustain the apron in any desired position as
described.
Doted this 7th day of Januar 1901
RICHARD MULLINS MOODY.
FRANK WILLIAM MUGFORD.
Improvements in Fire-lighters.
Year: 1891

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fire-lighters.
We, JAMES FELL, of 50, Frenchwood Street, Preston, in the County of
Lancaster, Drysalter, and JOSEPH FLETCHER FELL, of 52, Frenchwood Street,
in the same town, Drysalter, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :--
This invention of improvements in fire-lighters consists in making fire-lighters of
pieces of flat wooden board of a suitable thickness (preferably about one half to
three quarters of an inch) in which narrow openings or slits parallel to each other
are formed partially or nearly through the said pieces in the same direction as the
grain of the wood so as to leave a number of comb-like teeth or fingers standing
side by side. The narrow openings or slits may be simultaneously formed by
means of a number of circular saws mounted on a common spindle at the required
distances apart or in any other convenient manner. The fire-lighter in the form
of a comb as above described is preferably soaked in some suitable inflammable
preparation and afterwards dried. Our improved construction of fire-lighter
economises space in packing for transport and is convenient in use as one two or
more of the fingers may be broken off as required.
In the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 shews our improved fire-lighter in plan view;
Fig. 2 is a side view; and
Fig. 3 another plan view showing some of the teeth or fingers broken off.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is
The novel construction of fire-lighter consisting of a flat wooden board having
narrow parallel openings cut partially through said board substantially as herein-
above described and shewn in the drawings.
Dated the 25th day of June 1891.
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. B.,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.
Improvements in the Construction of Axle-journals.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Apr., 1891-Accepted, 13th June, 1891
Improvements in the Construction of Axle-journals.
1, PAUL RIZZONI, Engineer, of 6, Rota, No. 16, St. Petersburg, Russia, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The improvement in the construction of axle-journals consists of a casing or
jacketting B secured on the axle-journal A in such a manner that this casing after
having been worn out or damaged can easily be replaced by a new one so that the
real axle-journal A is not affected by use.
The casing B as shown in the drawing consists of a jacketting of brass, bronze or
other suitable alloy cast round the axle-journal and then turned.
In order that the jacketting may be irremovably connected with the axle-
journal, the latter, by means of a chisel, drill or other tool or in other convenient
manner is formed with cavities or depressions into which the metal alloy enters at
the casting so that the jacketting on the axle journal is secured against rotation and
shifting and cannot be removed without being destroyed.
Instead of making depressions or cavities in the axle-journal the same can be
provided with elevations or projections in order to hold the jacketting.
The axle-bearing C for this axle-journal A B is constructed of steel or iron.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is;-
On axle-journals for railway vehicles the arrangement of an irremovable jacket-
ting of brass, bronze or other suitable alloy fastened on the axle journal.
Dated this 29th day of April 1891.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.
A Self-acting Brake for Perambulators and Bassinets.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Dec., 1891-Accepted, 6th Feb., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Self-acting Brake for Perambulators and Bassinets.
I, JOHN POWELL COOK 1 St. Clement's Street Offord Road, Barnsbury
London N. Refrigerator Maker do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
A brake for perambulator which acts by means of a spiral spring and lever,
the spring forces the brake on the tire of the two hind wheels, whilst the handle
working on two excentric pins forms a lever; a slight pressure of the hand on
the handle raises the brake. off immediately the hand is off the handle, the brake
is on and prevents the perambulator from moving either way. The handle A has
a brass or metal cap B which is fixed on each end by means of a screw or bolt C
in the centre of each end. A pin D excentric in each cap is put through a hole
in the top of the two side rods E, and fastened by means of riveting, or nut &
washer, so as the handle A works easy on the two excentric pins D, whilst a
lever is fastened by screw or nut in the centre of the handle A between the two
side rods E. A splade-shaped bar G with two feet H, the bottom of the feet being
a V shape. The feet put through a slot I in the two side rods E which is forced
down on to the rubber-tires of the two back wheels J by means of a spiral
spring K. A straight bar which is fixed by means of riveting through the two
sides rods E, forms a support for the spring K, the spring is on top of the
splade bar G which comes underneath in the centre of the straight bar L.
rod M. which is fixed by means of rivet or screw into the top of the splade bar G
which is passed up through the spiral spring K and loosely through a hole in the
centre of the bar L and hence up to the lever F & is fastened loosely in a slot
with a rivet which works like a knuckle. The side rods of this brake & handle
can be fixed to the axle N & along-side of the springs; the side rod can be stayed
(see O.) from the spring or body of the perambulator in the ordinary way according
to the construction. This brake & handle can be made of any suitable material
or shape; viz., the handle A can be flat or round mounted with brass nobs on each
end, or on each end of the feet of the brake.
A
Having now particularly described the nature of my said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed I declare what I claim is, that
(1). The spiral spring K forces the splade shape bar G. down.
(2). The bottom of the feet H being a V shape is pressed into the rubber tyres
of the two hind wheels and prevents the perambulator from moving either way.
(3). The handle A works on two excentric pins D & forms a lever, & a slight
pressure of the hand on the handle A releases the brake.
Dated this 30th of December 1891.
JOHN POWELL COOK.
A New or Improved Plotting Scale.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Nov., 1891-Accepted, 12th Dec., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Plotting Scale.
I NICHOLAS BITzos, of 2 Church Lane, Camborne, Cornwall, Mining Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
My invention relates to a new or improved plotting scale for surveyors, draughts-
men and the like, whereby the plotting of surveys is greatly facilitated and rendered
more accurate than heretofore, while any number of different scales may be used,
being readily interchangable so as to answer in each case, the purpose for which it
is intended.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a plan of my improved plotting scale,
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section on line D. E. of Fig. 1,
Fig. 3 is a cross-section on line A. B. of the same figure.
This improved plotting scale consists of an underframe f of brass, steel, ivory,
or other suitable material, upon the longitudinal sides of which, are secured by the
screws a the two scales S, which are required for plotting base or centre lines, and
a number of which can be supplied with the instrument; these scales being alike
or different, according to the operator's wish.
ין
Each scale is provided with a longitudinal groove g within which slide the pro-
jections of the central bar of the offset scale s, which is as usual arranged
perpendicularly to the scales S, this bar being furnished with a central depression d
for convenience of handling.
This offset scale s slides moreover upon a central longitudinal guide o secured to
the two cross end bars e of the scale, these bars being moreover provided with
central knobs k whereby the whole instrument may be conveniently manipulated.
The end bars e are recessed at each extremity, to receive the end of the scales S,
so that as to render the upper surface of the instrument flush throughout. This
improved scale is used in the same manner as when plotting with two separate
scales, as usually practised.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
The improved plotting scale, arranged and constructed substantially as described
and shewn.
ay of November 1891.
HUGHES, SON & Co.,
38, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.
Improved Means of Cleansing Boilers.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Aug., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 17th Feb., 1892-Accepted, 6th Aug., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means of Cleansing Boilers.
I ALBERT GEORGE JIGGINS of 26 Wakering Road, Barking, Essex Gentleman
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention has reference to improved means of cleansing boilers, whereby the
scale, or incrustation which is formed on the inside of the boiler by the action of
the steam is dissolved, and falls from the sides of the boiler, so as to be easily
removed when the boiler is being cleaned out. I accomplish my invention as
follows. I provide white fir, or other sawdust, green powder, scasand, and mica in
convenient quantities. I mix these ingredients with hot water and form the mass
into a ball or bar which I allow to dry, and then place in the boiler before the
water feed is taken in. The boiler, after use, is cleaned out in the ordinary way
when the dissolved scale will pass away with any other impurities.
Linu 1901
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means of Cleansing Boilers.
I ALBERT GEORGE JIGGINS of 26 Wakering Road Barking in the County of
Essex, Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention has reference to improved means of cleansing boilers. By the use
of my invention the shell or incrustation which is formed on the insides of boilers
by the action of the steam is dissolved, and can be easily removed when the boiler
is being cleaned out. In carrying my invention into practice I provide white fir saw-
dust, seasand, and mica chips in equal quantities, and I may (but it is not essential
to) add to these ingredients a suitable quantity of green unmixed paint for the
purpose of colouring. I mix the white fir sawdust and seasand in a sufficient
quantity of boiling water to enable them to be worked or blended into a powder.
This powder is allowed to dry, and then is mixed with the mica chips, and the
colouring matter if the latter is used. A suitable quantity of the compound
obtained in the manner herein specified (which quantity is determined by the size
of the particular boiler to be operated upon) is placed in the water-feed. When the
boiler is cleaned out the dissolved shell or incrustation passes away with the other
impurities.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
The use and application of white fir sawdust, seasand, and mica chips in a state
of combination, or nixed, preferably in the proportions herein specified substantially
as and for the purpose herein mentioned.
1905
ALBERT GEORGE JIGGINS.
Improvements in Instruments or Machines for Clipping Hedges, Pruning Trees, Shrubs, Grass Cutting, and such like.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Nov., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 24th Aug., 1892--Accepted. 29th Oct., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Instruments or Machines for Clipping Hedges,
Pruning Trees, Shrubs, Grass Cutting, and such like.
BENJAMIN JOHNSON FERGIE, Artist 25 Leyfield Road, West Derby, Liverpool
JAMES LYON, Iron Merchant, 68 & 70 Old Hall Street Liverpool do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The invention consists in making a series of V shaped and or circular cutting
teeth in one or both of the blades of a pair of shears or scissors, hedge cutting
shears pruning scissors & such like instruments. Thereby giving a much greater
cutting and clipping power, preventing, when applied to hedges, fruit or other
trees, the twigs or branches from slipping along the edge of the shears or scissors
and so retaining them nearer the fulcrum and receiving the full effect of the nip on
three sides at once.
AT
1001
BENJ. J. FERGIE.
JAMES LYON.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Instruments or Machines for Clipping Hedges,
Pruning Trees, Shrubs, Grass Cutting, and such like,
BENJAMIN JOHNSON FERGIE, 25 Leyfield Road West Derby, Liverpool,
Artist, JAMES LYON, 68 & 70 Old Hall Street Liverpool, Iron Merchant, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The invention has for its object the shortening of time and the lessening of
labour in hedge cutting, tree or shrub pruning &c. &c.
The improvement consists in making a series of V shaped, and or circular,
cutting teeth in one, or both, of the blades of a pair of shears or scissors and such
like instruments, as shown in the accompanying drawing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
That the series of V shaped, and or circular, cutting teeth, give a much greater
cutting and clipping power.
Prevents, when applied to hedges, fruit or other trees, the twigs or branches
from slipping along the edge of the shear or scissor and by retaining them nearer
the fulcrum receiving the full effect of the nip at once.
Dated this 23rd day of August 1892.
BENJ. J. FERGIE.
JAMES LYON.
An Improved Slip Hook.
Year: 1891

page_text: An Improved Slip Hook.
ALFRED HENRY VERNON Alfred Villa Summerhill Road Tottenham London,
Middlesex Artist do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
I construct of steel & brass or other metal what I call a slip hook as shown in
drawing (Fig. 1) by means of which the sail of a boat or other craft is let go free
when caught by a sudden gust of wind. By this means the boat is saved from
being turned over. It can be used for other purposes & I construct it in the
following manner.
I first take a piece of say of quarter of inch steel rod or other thickness which I
may require about fifteen inches in length & bend it as shown in drawing (Fig. 2).
I next make as many small cuts in one side as I require for the spring to drop in
as shown at (A) (Fig. 2).
I next make what I call the slide as shown in drawing (Fig. 3) it is about one
inch & half in length & if I use quarter inch steel rod it would be about one inch
wide. I make it to suit whatever size steel rod I use as shown at (A) in (Fig 1).
(Fig. 4) is a steel spring to be fitted on one side of the slide as shown at (B)
(Fig. 1). This spring drops into the small cuts as shown at (A) in (Fig 2) and by
this means keeps the slide where ever it is placed.
Having now fitted the spring on the slide I place it on (Fig. 2) as shown at
(A Fig. 1). I now open the ends of the steel rod as shown at (C Fig. 1) forming a
link as shown making the two ends mect as shown at (D) the two ends are not
connected with each other.
(Fig. 5) is what is called a spring hook. As shown this is hooked in the slip as
shown in (Fig. 1). By giving this a sharp tug the ends open at (D) & allow it
to pass out.
(Fig. 6) is a ring or link to fit in the eye of the slip as shown at (E Fig. 1).
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention & in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. By means of this slip the sail of a boat, when made fast to one of the slips it
caught by a gust of wind is let free by the ends of the slip opening by the sudden
pressure upon it and by that means it lets the sail blow away instead of upsetting
the boat as is often the case now, they can be used for many other purposes.
11. By the use of the slide on the slip can regulate the pressure at the ends
of the slip by pushing the slide back it open easier & frees the hook by
bringing the slide forward, it will take six times or more the pressure to
free the hook so that the boatman can regulate the slide to the amount of sail he
has got up:
III. Whereas a boatman using one of these slips has no need to sit and hold
the rope as in the old way this slip is always ready & the man can go about his
work without fear of his boat turning over by a gust of wind by this his hands are
free to do other work.
Dated this 18th day of Avril 1891.
A. H. VERNON,
Alfred Villa, Summerbill Road, Tottenham, Loudon, N.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Soap.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Nov., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 6th Aug., 1892-Accepted, 10th Sept., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Soap.
JAMES TAYLOR 10 Bonnington Place Leith Soapmaker do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
I first saponify rosin in a suitable vessel with carbonate of soda. I add thereto
a proportion of sulphate of soda and boil till proper consistency is obtained. I
then add this soap in certain proportions according to quality of soap required, to
the ordinary pale soap of commerce which may have been made with fatty matter
only or with fatty matter & rosin. I may add it in the pan or in the mixer.
After crutching or mixing the two soaps together I add a suitable proportion of
borax and silica.
Dated this 6th day of November 1801
JAMES TAYLOR.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Soap.
JAMES TAYLOR 10 Bonnington Place, Leith Soapmaker do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to he
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
I first saponify rosin in a suitable vessel with carbonate of soda in the proportion
of about 500 lbs. of soda crystals to 1000 lbs. of rosin boiling till saponification is
complete. I then add a quantity of about 280 lbs. Glauber salts & boil the whole
till the desired consistency is obtained. I then add this soap in certain proportions
say equal quantities more or less according to the quality of the soap required, to
the ordinary soap of commerce which may have been made with fatty matter only.
or with fatty matter & rosin. I may add it in the pan or in the mixer. After
mixing & crutching the two soaps together I add a proportion of borax & silicate
of soda say 6 lbs. of borax dissolved in water & 12 lbs. silicate of soda (preferably
neutral silicate of soda or what is commercially known as such) more or less
as may be required to give colour & hardness to the soap.
The borax & silicate of soda may be added separately or they may be mixed or
boiled together previous to being added to the soap. The soap after further
crutching being now finished is framed & cut in the usual way.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion & in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
The process substantially as described.