Improvements in Bolting, Sifting, or Sorting Machines.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 5th July, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 5th Apr., 1890-Accepted, 14th June, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bolting, Sifting, or Sorting Machines.
I, EUGEN KREISS of 50, Schauenburgerstrasse, Hamburg, in the Empire of
Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
This invention has for its object to provide a simple and cheap bolting machine in
which, besides obtaining the greatest possible quantitative efficiency for a given space,
the materials as well as the sifting surfaces shall be preserved, and the latter
automatically kept clean without the use of mechanical means and in which the best.
result in respect of the quality of the product shall be ensured with the smallest
possible amount of power.
An attempt to fulfil the proposed conditions has led to the construction of the
improved bolting machine which constitutes the subject of the aforesaid invention.
In this machine which can also be employed as a sifting, sorting and cleaning or
purifying machine, the sifting surfaces are arranged vertically (or approximately
vertically) and parallel (or nearly parallel) to each other or else horizontally in a
closed case or receptacle preferably in such a manner that inner cells and outer cells
are formed, provision being made for controlling or regulating the introduction into
the said outer cells of the material to be bolted.
In a machine having vertical cells the above mentioned case or receptacle containing
the vertical and parallel sieves is suspended by means of rods from an upper
longitudinal beam of the frame of the machine (or else supported from below), and is
moved to and fro with extreme rapidity through the medium of an eccentric-shaft and
The suspension
two lateral spring push-rods attached to the middle of the sieve case.
rods are so arranged that they can be adjusted in length and to the right or left hand
side. In like manner the spring power of the said push-rods is made adjustable by
displacing the nuts thereon, and a longer or shorter throw of the sifting case or
receptacle relatively to that of the eccentric can be effected thereby enabling the
sifting effect of the machine to be regulated.
The throw of the eccentric is very short varying between about 5 and 10 millimetres,
proportionately to the distance between two of the vertical sifting surfaces of an outer
cell. The outer cells consist of removable frames, having each two parallel sifting surfaces
which are inserted from above or sideways into the sifting case or receptacle and are kept
tight by felt coverings. The inner cells through which the bolted inaterial drops are
somewhat larger than the outer cells into which the material to be bolted is introduced,
in order that the bolted material shall not pass back to the outer cells in the return
motion of the case, but shall drop more rapidly. As one sifting surface alternately
throws to the other the material to be bolted, the relative velocity at which the
material impinges against the gauze will amount to double the velocity of the sifting
case or a sifting surface. By this means the material can be thrown with sufficient
force against the gauze to keep the machine in a clean state even in the case of a soft
and fine material, for the number of revolutions of the excentric-shaft can be
increased to 2000 and more, without any practical difficulties; moreover the vibrations
of the gauze and the pulsatory movement of the air will assist in keeping the
materials and the gauze clean and drying the same.
The feed to the machine and also the discharge from the same, which is effected by
shaking movements upon suitable planes, are automatic.
Above the sifting case and firinly connected therewith is arranged a slightly
inclined distributing device for the material to be bolted. The inlet takes place at
one end and the material is of itself uniformly distributed by means of a toothed slat
over the entire width of the distributing surface. The latter has openings or slits

page_text: which correspond with the outer cells, and can be adjusted or controlled by slides for
the purpose of enabling the feed to every cell to be regulated separately. Moreover,
the inclination of the distributing surface is rendered adjustable by a suitable
appliance arranged at the end opposite to that where the inlet takes place.
The slits in the distributing surface communicate with the outer cells through
passages or channels.
Passages or channels having laterally inclined bottoms are likewise arranged at
the outlet of the outer cells for the coarse material and at the outlet of the inner cells
for the fine or bolted material so that the coarse material is conducted to one half-side
and the fine or bolted material to the other half side where it passes on to inclined
bottoms in order to be discharged separately at the two sides of the machine.
It may
here be observed that the distributing surface can be made without the aforesaid slides
and passages or channels and the preparatory sieve in which case the material which
has dropped through the sieve partly passes directly to the exterior cells and partly
through the shaking movements of the case or receptacle.
If the machine is employed for sorting, the outlet of the bolted material is effected
in a similar manner at several places situated one above the other.
As the material to be bolted, being thrown from one sifting surface to the other,
falls in a zig-zag line, the heavier, larger grains are thrown more forcibly against the
gauze and will drop more rapidly than the lighter grains. From this results a good
qualitative efficiency, for the light parts (bran husks) will not penetrate the meshes,
and, more especially by reason of the pulsatory movements of the air will bear flat
against them, whilst through the accelerated descent of the heavier materials the
sifting surface will be relieved above, and a uniform distribution will take place.
Many comparatively heavy grains will consequently not pass the entire distance from
the top to the bottom along the sifting surface and the useless passage of the material
in the machines heretofore constructed (for example in cylinders from the inlet
to the outlet) is to a great extent obviated. Accordingly the layer thus becomes
thinner and more uniform.
In the improved machine the trituration of the material owing to the parts of the
latter rubbing against each other or against parts of the machine, such as for instance
takes place in the centrifugal bolting machine where they rub against the beaters and
gauze or in the new plane bolting machine where they rub against the gauze and
distributing slats, is precluded.
The material to be bolted impinges with adequate vehemence almost perpendicularly
against the gauze, and, being assisted by the pulsatory movements of the air, keeps it
clean. This circumstance also contributes to the favourable qualitative efficiency of
the improved machine, for by reason of the perpendicular impingement, the grains
which are nearly as large as the meshes can pass through the latter; whereas in the
case of oblique impingement (in the centrifugal, plane and other holting machines)
the meshes must be comparatively larger in order to obtain bolted material of the
same fineness, the impure parts can pass through the meshes more easily, and the
material by reason of the rubbing action, is partly rubbed through the same so that
the product becomes irregular.
In the sorting of grits the machine will have a purifying effect, because, as above
stated, the lighter parts dart with less vehemence flat against the gauze and remain
behind, or, as the fineness of the sieve increases downwardly are conveyed with the
coarse material from the machine. Use can however also be made of a separate
current of air produced by means of a fan or the like, which current passes out
through the sifting surfaces and outer cells, and can be controlled or regulated by
means of flaps in accordance with the size of the meshes in each section of the sieve
so as to draw off the light impure parts.
It may be observed that, in lieu of the excentric, cranks or shaking wheels can be
employed for imparting movement to the sieve case or receptacle and the sifting
surfaces, of which those acting as counter surfaces may if desired be unperforated can
be arranged radially in a circle and moved to and fro upon a vertical axis.
In a modification of the improved machine constructed according to the said

page_text: invention the cells, instead of being vertical, are arranged horizontally, and in order
that the material to be sifted shall be caused to move forwards in the same, the
sieve case or receptacle is suspended from the frame of the machine through the
medium of inclined springs.
The inlet is provided in the sieve case or receptacle, and consists of a vertical
channel which is filled to the top with material to be bolted. From the said channel
the material to be bolted is caused by shaking movements to pass upon the horizontal
sifting surfaces and in proportion as it is bolted fresh material sliding down in the
aforesaid channel will take its place. The slits provided for the feed of the material
to the several sieves are controlled or rendered adjustable by grate slides and opposite
each horizontal sifting surface is an unperforated surface which constitutes a bottom
serving for the discharge of the bolted material from the outer cell situated above the
said surface.
The separate discharge of the fine material or flour and the coarse material is in
this case effected by causing the former to pass upon bottoms inclined in one direction,
and the latter upon bottoms inclined in another direction.
Dated this 5th day of July 1889.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bolting, Sifting, or Sorting Machines.
I, EUGEN KREISS, of 50, Schauenburgerstrasse, Hamburg, in the Empire of
Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object to provide a simple and cheap bolting machine in
which, besides obtaining the greatest possible quantitative efficiency for a given space
the materials as well as the sifting surfaces shall be preserved, and the latter automa-
tically kept clean without the use of mechanical means, and in which the best result
in respect of the quality of the product shall be ensured with the smallest possible
amount of power..
An attempt to fulfil the proposed conditions has led to the construction of the
improved bolting machine which constitutes the subject of the aforesaid invention.
In this machine which can also be employed as a sifting, sorting and cleaning or
purifying machine, the sifting surfaces are arranged vertically or approximately
vertically and parallel, (or nearly parallel) to each other or else horizontally in a closed
case or receptacle preferably in such a manner that inner cells and outer cells are
formed provision being made for controlling or regulating the introduction into the
said outer cells of the material to be bolted.
In the accompanying drawings
Figs. 1 and 2 represents a machine having vertical cells and
Figs. 3 and 4 show a machine with horizontal cells.
Referring to Figs. 1 and 2 the case or receptacle containing the vertical and parallel
sieves is suspended by means of rods g, g, from an upper longitudinal beam of the
frame of the machine the lower ends of the rods being connected to brackets on the
case or receptacle or the said case or receptacle is supported from below, and is moved
to and fro with extreme rapidity through the medium of an eccentric-shaft and two
lateral spring push-rods attached to the middle of the sieve case. The suspension
rods g,g are so arranged that they can be adjusted in lengthwise by means of nuts and
to the right or left hand side relatively to Fig. 4. In like manner the spring power
of the said push-rods f, f, is made adjustable by displacing the nuts m thereon, and a
longer or shorter throw of the sifting case or receptacle relatively to that of the
eccentric can be effected thereby enabling the sifting effect of the machine to be
regulated.

page_text: The throw of the eccentric is very short varying between about 5 and 10 millimetres
proportionately to the distance between two of the vertical sifting surfaces of an outer
cell. The outer cells which have a width of about 15 millimetres, consist of removable
frames having each two parallel sifting surfaces which are inserted from above or
side ways into the sifting case or receptacle and are kept tight by felt coverings. The
inner cells c through which the bolted material drops are about double the width of
the outer cells d into which the material to be bolted is introduced in order that the
said material shall not pass back to the outer cells in the return motion of the case but
shall drop more rapidly. The width of the cells is however, within certain limits, not
necessarily dependent upon the throw of the eccentric or vice versa, an increased throw
only increases the energy of the action. As one sifting surface alternately throws to
the other the material to be bolted the relative velocity at which the material impinges
against the gauge will amount to double the velocity of the sifting case on a sifting
surface. By this means the material can be thrown with sufficient force against the
gauze to keep the machine in a clean state even in the case of a soft and fine material,
for the number of revolutions of the eccentric-shaft can be increased to 2000 and more
without any practical difficulties; moreover the vibrations of the gauze and the
pulsatory movement of the air will assist in keeping the materials and the gauze clean
and drying the same.
The feed of the machine and also the discharge from the same, which is effected by
shaking movements upon suitable planes are automatic.
Above the sifting case are firmly connected therewith is arranged a slightly inclined
distributing device v for the material to be bolted. The inlet takes place at one end a
and the material is of itself uniformly distributed by means of a toothed slat y over
the entire width of the distributing surface. The latter has openings or slits which
correspond with the outer cells, and can be adjusted or controlled by slides for the
purpose of enabling the feed to every cell to be regulated separately. Moreover, the
inclination of the distributing surface is rendered adjustable by a suitable appliance
arranged at the end opposite to that where the inlet takes place.
The slits in the distributing surface 6 communicate with the outer cells d through
passages or channels b. Passages or channels having laterally inclined bottoms are
likewise arranged at the outlet of the outer cells for the coarse material and at the
outlet of the inner cells for the fine or bolted material, so that the coarse material is
conducted to one half-side and the fine or bolted material to the other half-side where
it passes on to inclined bottoms c¹ d' in order to be discharged separately at the two
sides at c and d of the machine. It may here be observed that the distributing
surface v can he made without the aforesaid slides and passages or channels b and the
preparatory sieve, in which case the material which has dropped through the sieve
partly passes directly to the exterior cells and partly through the shaking movements
of the case or receptacle.
If the machine is employed for sorting, the outlet of the bolted material is effected
in a similar manner at several places situated one above the other.
As the material to be bolted being thrown from one sifting surface to the other,
falls in a zig-zag line, the heavier, larger grains are thrown more forcibly against
the gauze and will drop more rapidly than the lighter grains. From this results
a good qualitative efficiency, for the light parts (bran, husks) will not penetrate the
meshes, and, more especially by reason of the pulsatory movements of the air will
bear flat against them, whilst through the accelerated descent of the heavier materials
the sifting surface will be relieved above, and a uniform distribution will take place.
Many comparatively heavy grains will consequently not pass the entire distance from
the top to the bottom along the sifting surface and the useless passage of the material
in the machines heretofore constructed (for example in cylinders from the inlet to the
outlet) is to a great extent obviated. Accordingly the layer thus becomes thinner
and more uniform.
In the improved machine the trituration of the material owing to the parts of the
latter rubbing against each other or against parts of the machine, such as for
instance takes place in the centrifugal bolting machine where they rub against the

page_text: beaters and gauze, or in the new plane bolting machine where they rub against the
gauze and distributing slats, is precluded. The material to be bolted impinges with
adequate vehemence almost perpendicularly against the gauze, and, being assisted by
the pulsatory movements of the air keeps it clean. This circumstance also contributes
to the favourable qualitative efficiency of the improved machine, for, by reason of the
perpendicular impingement, the grains which are nearly as large as the meshes can
pass through the latter whereas in the case of oblique impingement in the centrifugal
plane and other bolting machines the meshes must be comparatively larger in order to
obtain boited material of the saine fineness, the impure parts can pass through the
meshes more easily, and the material by reason of the rubbing action, is partly rubbed
through the same so that the product becomes irregular.
In the sorting of grits the machine will have a purifying effect, because, as above
stated, the lighter parts dart with less vehemence flat against the gauze and remain
behind, or, as the fineness of the sieve increases downwardly, are conveyed with the
coarse material from the machine. Use can however also be made of a separate current
of air produced by means of a fan or the like, which current passes out through the
shifting surfaces and outer cells, and can be controlled or regulated by means of flaps
in accordance with the size of the meshes in each section of the sieve so as to draw
off the light impure parts.
It may be observed that, in lieu of the eccentric, cranks or shaking-wheels can be
employed for imparting movement to the sieve case or receptacle, and the
sifting surfaces, of which those acting as counter surfaces may if desired he
unperforated can be arranged radially in a circle and moved to and fro upon a
vertical axis.
In a modification of the improved machine constructed according to the said invention
and as represented in Figs. 3 and 4 the cells instead of being vertical, are arranged
horizontally, and in order that the material to be sifted shall be caused to move
forwards in the same the sieve case or receptacle is suspended from the frame of the
machine through the medium of inclined springs, g¹ g¹.
The inlet is provided in the sieve case or receptacle and consists of a vertical
channel a which is filled to the top with material to be bolted. From the said channel
the material to be bolted is caused by shaking movements to pass upon the horizontal
sifting surfaces and in proportion as it is bolted fresh material sliding down in the
aforesaid channel will take its place. The slits provided for the feed of the material
to the several sieves are controlled or rendered adjustable by grate slides not shown in
the drawing, and opposite each horizontal sifting surface is an unperforated surface
which constitutes a bottom serving for the discharge of the bolted material from the
outer cell situated above the said surface.
The separate discharge of the fine material or flour and the coarse material is in
this case effected by causing the former leaving at c¹ (Fig. 3) to pass upon bottoms
inclined towards the discharge c², whilst the latter leaving at d¹ passes upon bottoms
inclined towards the discharge d².
As has been found in practice, in the machine described with reference to Figs. 1
and 2 of the drawing a still more favourable result is obtained, that is to say a more
intense sifting and also automatically keeping the sifting surfaces cleaner, if the latter
are made of zig-zag or corrugated form. By the zig-zag form the power or velocity
of descent of the material to be sifted is checked, an increased vertical striking of
the material upon the sifting surfaces is obtained, and the latter is considerably
increased for the same length of the cell whilst therefore the sifting surfaces can be
kept clean automatically a thicker jet can be sifted better, and it is well known that
the thicker the layer the better will be the quality of the flour.
Now this zig-zag form can be given either to both sifting surfaces of a cell, or only
one sifting surface can be made of zig-zag or corrugated form whilst the other is
plane in like manner use can be made, as a counter-surface, of an unperforated
surface which is either plane or zig-zag shaped, and in all the last mentioned cases
the direction of movement of the sifting case can be vertical instead of approximately
horizontal.

page_text: In the arrangement shown in Figs. 3 and 4 the zig-zag form can also be used with
advantage in the described manner. If soft and mealy materials which are sifted with
difficulty are to be subjected to a violent sifting action, the plane horizontal sieves are
not effective enough, that is to say they transport too rapidly, inasmuch as the material
spreads too quickly over the sifting surface and the sifting action is consequently too
slight. If however the sifting surfaces or the counter surfaces are made of zig-zag
form or in the form of steps, too rapid a transport is prevented and the material to be
sifted is thrown to and fro in more compact masses between the sifting surfaces
and counter surfaces so that it makes a progressive motion by leaps towards the
outlet.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is :-
First. A sifting machine comprising cells formed by upright sifting surfaces and
arranged in a receptacle moving to and fro, in which cells the material to be
sifted being introduced from above by means of a channel (whose inclination may
be rendered adjustable), is thrown from one sifting surface against the other,
and falls in a zig-zag line downwards, the coarse material being separated from
the fine.
Second. The horizontal arrangement of the cells in the sieve case, each sifting
surface being opposite an unperforated surface, which forms at the same time the
discharge-bottom for the sifted material in the cell above it, and the suspension of
the sieve case from the frame of the machine through the medium of inclined
springs or the support of the sieve case effected in a similar manner.
Dated this 5th day of April 1890.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.