IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR COOLING LIQUIDS AND EDIBLE SUBSTANCES."
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Danson Pruday, of Rupert Street, Hay-
market, in the County of Middlesex, Cook, for the Invention of "IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR COOLING LIQUIDS AND EDIBLE SUBSTANCES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Danson Pruday at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd February 1854.
I, THOMAS DANSON PRUDAY, of Rupert Street, Haymarket, in the County
of Middlesex, Cook, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR COOLING LIQUIDS AND EDIBLE SUBSTANCES" to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to a facile and economical mode of cooling wines and
other liquids and viands of various kinds by the use of ice. According to the
mode at present in use for icing wines, the bottles are placed in an ice box,
and ice is piled around the bottles. Before therefore the wine is brought to
table, the bottles require to be wiped dry, and they cannot, without great incon-
venience, be replaced in the ice box and taken out from time to time as the
glasses are required to be replenished; the consequence of which is, that the
wine in the bottle gradually attains the temperature of the heated air sur-
rounding it. To avoid these inconveniences, I construct wine coolers, whether

page_text: to hold one or more bottles, with a double case, between which I pack blocks
or pieces of ice, and then close the case air-tight, or nearly so, to prevent the
access of air to the ice. The inner case I construct of metal, and so shape it
that it will present suitable cavities or wells for the reception of the bottles,
which will each be surrounded by ice, but without direct contact therewith.
In constructing a cooler for one bottle of wine or other liquid I form a
double case, which will, when placed over the bottle as it stands upright,
envelope it, and the case being packed with ice, and its exterior being made
sightly, it may be used at table; the cooler being placed over the bottle of
wine when the bottle is not in requisition, and temporarily removed when wine
is required to be taken from the bottle. When making coolers for containing
several bottles, I find it convenient to shape the inner case so that it may
receive in its several wells or cavities the bottles, neck downwards. For the
convenience of travelling, I make these wells to fit the bottles, and I also
provide in the same coolers suitably-shaped wells for receiving raised pics and
other kinds of viands, or I apply the air-tight ice case or jacket to the cooling
of viands only.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Danson Pruday in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 23rd August 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
DANSON PRUDAY, of Rupert Street, Haymarket, in the County of Middlesex,
Cook, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Thomas Danson Pruday, Her special licence that I, the said
Thomas Danson Pruday, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Thomas Danson Pruday, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR COOLING LIQUIDS AND EDIBLE SUB-

page_text: STANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Danson
Pruday, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Danson Pruday, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
:-
This Invention of "Improved Apparatus for Cooling Liquids and Edible
Substances" relates to a facile and economical mode of cooling wines and other
liquids and viands of various kinds by the use of ice. According to the mode
at present in use for iceing wines, the bottles are placed in an ice box, and ice
is piled around the bottles. Before therefore the wine can be brought to table,
the bottles require to be wiped dry, and they cannot, without great inconvenience,
be replaced in the ice box and taken out from time to time when the glasses
require to be replenished; the consequence of which is, that the wine in the
bottle gradually attains the temperature of the heated air surrounding it.
To avoid these inconveniences, I construct coolers, whether to hold one or
more bottles, with a double case, between which I pack blocks or pieces of ice,
and then close the case air-tight, or nearly so, to prevent the access of air to
the ice. The inner case I construct of metal, and so shape it that it will
present suitable cavities or wells for the reception of the bottles, which will each
be surrounded by ice, but without direct contact therewith; consequently, the
liquid in the bottles can be kept quite cool, and the bottles removed from time
to time from the cooler when required. In constructing a cooler for one bottle
of wine or other liquid I form a double case, which will, when placed over the
bottle as it stands upright, envelope it, and the case being packed with ice, and
its exterior being made sightly, it may be used at table; the cooler being placed
over the bottle of wine when the bottle is not in requisition, and temporarily
removed therefrom when wine is required to be taken from the bottle.
When making coolers for containing several bottles, I find it convenient to
shape the inner case so that it may receive in it several wells or cavities, into
which the bottles may be placed neck downwards. For the convenience of
travelling I make these wells to fit the bottles, and I also provide in the same
coolers suitably-shaped wells for receiving raised pies and other kinds of viands,

page_text: or I apply the air-tight ice case or jacket to the cooling of viands only. In
this case, however, the inner case or jacket is not intended to fit the substance
to be cooled, but merely to surround the same with a cool atmosphere.
In order however that my Invention may be perfectly understood, I have
shewn in the accompanying Drawing various views of my improved coolers as
applied to various purposes.
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a wine cooler for.a single bottle.
a, a, is the
inner case, which is formed of thin metal, and is made to fit the shape of the
bottle as nearly as possible; b, b, is the outer case, made of metal or other
material, and made of an ornamental form or design, if thought desirable. I
find it advisable to secure to the bottom of the space between the two cases a
number of vertical pegs or pins c, on which the lumps of ice may rest, leaving
the lower part free to receive the draining of the melted ice. This space is
covered up air-tight by the lid d, which will exclude the external atmosphere,
and prevent the ice from being unnecessarily exposed and wasted:
The inner case is so formed that it must rest upon and be supported by the
shoulder of the bottle, as shewn in the Drawing, so that by being in contact
therewith the cooler may more effectually act on the liquid in the bottle.. The
external case may be made of metal or any other suitable material; but if
metal be employed, the humidity of the atmosphere will be condensed thereon
and run down the sides, and, if not prevented, would drip off on to the table;
but to prevent this, a ledge with a sunk groove is made all round the casing, as
shewn at e, e, to receive the condensation water, which may be poured off by
the attendant when the cooler is removed from the table. The cooler may be
lifted off the bottle by the handle f, and if desired, the bottle may be retained
therein by means of a supporting plate secured by a bayonet joint beneath, so
that the cooler with the bottle therein may be carried with facility.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a cooler for cooling soda water, lemonade, and
other similar beverages. It is constructed upon precisely the same principle as
the wine cooler shewn in Fig. 1. a, a, a, are the inner cases or sockets for
containing the bottles; b, b, the outer case; c, c, is a perforated plate for sup-
porting the ice, and allowing the water to drain therefrom into the space below;
d, d, is the lid or cover, which prevents the air from coming into contact with
the ice. It will be understood that any convenient number of bottles may be
placed in one cooler, which of course may be made of various sizes, and if
preferred, the bottles may be inserted into the cooler neck downwards, provided
the apparatus is suitably constructed for the purpose. Fig. 3 represents a
sectional view of a cooler for cooling water or beer in a cylindrical-shaped jug,

page_text: which may, when required, be lifted out of the cylindrical cavity in which it is
placed.
Having now described my Invention of "Improved Apparatus for Cooling
Liquids and Edible Substances," I claim, in conclusion, the use of a case,
which is made to fit or nearly fit the vessel containing the liquid to be cooled,
and which case is surrounded by an outer case, so that ice may be placed in
the space between the two cases for the purpose of cooling anything placed
within the inner one.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Danson Pruday, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Twenty-third day of August, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
THOMAS D. PRUDAY. (L.S.)