IMPROVEMENTS IN MANGLES AND MANGLE ROLLERS
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Skertchley, junior, of Kingsland,
in the County of Middlesex, and of Ansty, near Leicester,
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MANGLES AND
MANGLE ROLLERS."
Sealed the 19th February 1853, and dated the 30th November 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Skertchley
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 30th November 1852.
I, JOSEPH SKERTCHLEY, junior, of Kingsland, in the County of
Middlesex, and of Ansty, near Leicester, Engineer, do hereby de-
clare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MANGLES
AND MANGLE ROLLERS" to be as follows: -
Heretofore mangles have been constructed with fixed beds and
moveable loaded boxes, also with moveable rollers. The present
Invention consists of dispensing with the box, and causing the bed
of a mangle to traverse in combination with the use of a roller or
rollers, fixed as to position, such roller or rollers being pressed by
springs or weights with or without the use of levers. I obtain a
smooth, hard, and cylindrical surface to a roller by drawing it

page_text: through dies; and I coat iron or other cheap metal rollers for
mangles with another metal or compound of metals not liable, by
oxidation or otherwise, to injure the fabrics operated on by them.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, filed by the said Joseph Skertchley in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 28th May 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
JOSEPHI SKERTCHLY, junior, of Kingsland, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, and of Ansty, near Leicester, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the
sixteenth year of her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Joseph Skertchly, Her
special licence that I, the said Joseph Skertchly, my executors, ad-
ministrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Joseph
Skertchly, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MANGLES AND MANGLE
ROLLERS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Joseph Skertclly, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Skertchly, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the

page_text: same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof (that is to say):
Heretofore mangles have been constructed with fixed beds and
moveable loaded boxes, also with moveable rollers. The present
Invention consists of dispensing with the box, and causing the bed
of a mangle to traverse in combination with the use of a roller or
rollers fixed as to position, such roller or rollers being pressed by
springs or weights with or without the use of levers. I obtain a
smooth, hard, and cylindrical surface to a roller by drawing it
through dies; and I coat iron or other cheap metal rollers for
mangles with another metal or compound of metals not liable, by
oxidation or otherwise, to injure the fabrics operated on by them.
And in order that the Invention may be more fully understood
and readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the means
pursued by me.
The improvements in mangles which I now desire to secure by
Royal Letters Patent, consist in employing a moveable bed (tra-
versing to and fro by racks or other suitable means) with one or
more fixed rollers revolving thercon at the saine surface speed,
pressure being given to the rollers by springs or levers or other
known means (but I prefer the use of springs placed directly above
the axles of the rollers). By this arrangement the mangles are
greatly reduced in size, and their cost considerably lessened. The
articles to be mangled may be either wound upon the rollers or
laid upon the bed; by the latter method the entire process passes
beneath the operator's eye, and any irregularity in the work may
be at once rectified without removing the articles from the mangle.
Figure 1, is a plan; Figure 2, an end elevation, of this mangle;
and Figure 3, is a longitudinal section. A, is the bed, having a rack
B, attached underneath throughout its entire length; C, is a shaft
carrying a pinion D, which takes into the rack B, and a spur wheel
K, which takes into a pinion L, keyed on to the handle shaft; E, is
the handle, and F, the roller; G, G, are side frames in which the
roller and shaft take their bearings. Within the recess e, in cach of
the side frames, are a bearing, a spiral or other spring 6, and block

page_text: c. The whole of these parts are loose and are acted upon by the
screws H, which regulate the pressure; I, I, are handles for tight-
ening the screws; d, d, are collars or projections on the shaft which
insure the bed moving in its right course. J, J, are loose pieces to
support the bed, their object being to prevent the machine over-
balancing when the bed is run out beyond the centre. It is obvious
from this arrangement that turning the handle E, imparts motion
through the medium of the pinion and wheel (L, and K), and the
pinion and rack (D, and B) to the bed A; and that the bed being
in contact with the surface of the roller F, causes the latter to
rotate, and that as the articles pass between the roller and the bed
they receive pressure by the action of the springs upon the axes of
the rollers; this will be readily understood on reference to Figure 3.
I find it preferable to bring the bed A, down into close contact:
with the shaft C, and this is effected by sinking in the shaft so
much of the pinion teeth as are below the pitch line, and embed-
ding the rack in the mangle bed; in like manner by this means.
the bed derives additional support, and the shaft, bed, and roller
obtain the same surface speed.
My improvements in mangle rollers has reference only to me-
tallic rollers, and consist in causing their surfaces to be made true.
by the process of "drawing" (in lieu of "turning," the practice
heretofore adopted) through suitable dies, which being well under-
stood need not be further described. By adopting rollers with
drawn surfaces increased hardness is obtained, and the cost of
manufacture reduced. I also construct metallic mangle rollers by
forming the internal part of the roller of iron, and casting or
drawing upon its outer surface a layer of another metal or alloy of
inetals not liable to oxidize. I do not confine myself to the use of
any particular metal or alloy of metals to constitute the external
surface of this description of roller (a very good alloy is composed
of two parts tin and one part lead). Copper is also a good metal
for the purpose without any admixture whatever. Figure 4, is the
section of a roller formed according to this part of my Invention;
the part tinted blue represents the inner part formed of iron, and
the red the external covering of other metals.

page_text: I would here observe that I do not confine myself to the precise
detail of construction in the mangle herein described, nor to the
employment of any particular kind of roller or arrangement for
giving pressure, as they may be varied without departing from my
Invention; but what I claim as new and desire to secure by
Letters Patent is, -
First, the adoption in a mangle of a loose reciprocating bed
moving in connection with a fixed roller having pressure applied to
it by springs or other suitable mechanical means.
Second, a metallic roller having its surface made truc by the
process of drawing.
Third, a roller made internally of iron, and coated externally by
drawing or casting upon it another metal or alloy of metals not
liable to oxidation.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Skertchl have hereunto
set my hand and seal this Ninth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fity-three.
Witness,
S. CARPMAEL.
JOSEPH SKERTCHLY, Jun. (L.S.)