Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Aug., 1887
Complete Left, 22nd Mar.. 1888
Complete Accepted, 27th Apr., 1888
1, GERARD DE MONTRIOHARD of Montmédy in the Republic of France, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
According to this invention the piston of a pump barrel has imparted to it a
rotary motion combined with the to-and-fro motion. By means of the rotary
motion the openings communicating with suction and delivery pipes are successively
opened and closed, and are put in communication through the interior of the piston,
which has suitable passages formed in it, with each end of the cylinder while by the
to and fro movement the suction is produced on one side of the piston and the
discharge on the other side.
The rotary motion may be transmitted to the piston rod either by a crank, by a
pulley and belt, by toothed gearing, or by other suitable known means.
The to-and-fro motion is imparted by means of rollers, acting upon obliquely
curved surfaces which either cause the piston to slide upon its rod, or, if it be fixed
thereon, the piston rod to slide through the stuffing box.
Pumps constructed as above described may be used for pumping liquid and gases
of all kinds, and by making the liquid or gas act with pressure upon the piston, the
construction can be used as a motor engine.
When the apparatus is used as a pump, the said rollers are placed in the interior of
the cylinder and the oblique surfaces are formed on the ends of the piston, the
openings for suction and discharge being formed through the side of the cylinder,
diametrically opposite to one another.
Dated this 29th day of August 1887
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: I, GERARD DE MONTRICHARD of Montmédy in the Republic of France, Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
-
According to this invention the piston of a pump barrel has imparted to it a rotary
motion combined with the to and fro moton. By means of the rotary motion the
openings communicating with suction and delivery 'pipes are successively opened
and closed, and are put in communication through the interior of the piston, which
has suitable passages formed in it, with each end of the cylinder while by the to
and fro movement the suction is produced on one side of the piston and the
discharge on the other side.
The rotary motion may be transmitted to the piston rod either by a crank, by a
pulley and belt, by toothed gearing, or by other suitable known means.
The to and fro motion is imparted by means of rollers, acting upon obliquely curved
surfaces which either cause the piston to slide upon its rod or, if it be fixed thereon, the
piston rod to slide through the stuffing box.
Pumps constructed as above described may be used for pumping liquids and gasės
of all kinds, and by making the liquid or gas act with pressure upon the piston,
the construction can be used as a motor engine.
When the apparatus is used as a pump, the said rollers are placed in the interior
of the cylinder and the oblique surfaces are formed on the ends of the piston, the
openings for suction and discharge being formed through the side of the cylinder
diametrically opposite to one another.
On the accompanying drawings are shewn various arrangements for carrying out
the above described invention.
Fig. 1 shews a longitudinal section of an arrangement in which the piston is'fixed
on the piston rod, the obliquely curved surfaces being formed on the piston and acted
upon by rollers within the cylinder.
Fig. 2 shews a longitudinal section of an arrangement in which the piston slidės
upon the piston rod, Fig. 3 shews a part end elevation' and' part cross section of the
arrangement at Fig. 1; Figs. 4 and 5 shew, sections of the boss of the piston, Fig. 6
shews a longitudinal section of an arrangement having a piston of different form;
Fig. 7 shews a cross section of the same, Fig. 8 shews a section of an arrangement
serving as motor "engine in which the curved surfaces and rollers are outside the
cylinder. Fig. 9 shews a cross section and Fig. 10 a longitudinal section of the
piston.
With these machines the cylinder is generally arranged horizontally, the piston
rod passing through stuffing boxes in which it works either only with a rotary motion
or with a combined rotary and longitudinal motion, according as the piston is loose

page_text: -upon the rod or fixed thereon. In the construction shewn at Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the
piston F consists of a hollow cylindrical body divided internally into two spaces by an
oblique partition and having its ends formed with oblique curved surfaces I, while the
cylindrical shell is formed with openings, the positions of which are determined by
those of the admission and discharge ports of the cylinder. This piston is, according
to the arrangement at Fig. 1, fixed on the rod A by means of a key or other suitable
device, and is adjusted in position in the cylinder E so that the surfaces I I are in
contact with the rollers J J, which are free to turn on pins fixed in the side of the
cylinder E.
The cylinder has at its centre two diametrically opposite branched openings G and H
constituting respectively the inlet and discharge ports. The piston rod A passes
through two stuffing boxes B and C on the covers of the cylinder. It will be seen
that if the piston rod or shaft A is rotated by the fast and loose pullies mounted
thereon as shewn, the piston F in rotating causes the the oblique surfaces I to slide
against the rollers J and is thereby made to move backwards and forwards in the
cylinder, in which motion the piston rod participates. In revolving, the piston is
made alternately to bring its side openings opposite the inlet and discharge ports, and
at such times the to and fro motion of the piston produces, in the one case, a suction
action, drawing liquid from the inlet port into the cylindor, and in the latter case an
expelling action, forcing the liquid previously drawn into the cylinder out through
the discharge pipe.
In some cases it is preferable to use the arrangement shewn at Fig. 2 in which the
piston rod or shaft A does not partake of the to and fro motion of the piston, which
slides to and fro with a square hole upon a square part D of the shaft as shewn at
Fig. 4.
In this case the one end of the shaft A does not require to pass through a
stuffing box on the cylinder cover, but runs with its cylindrical end in a cylindrical
cup bearing C formed on the inner side of the cover. The piston rod or shaft A may
in this case also be formed cylindrical at D, having a feather M fixed thereon as at
Fig. 5, over which the piston slides with a corresponding groove. The arrangement
and action of the machine is otherwise just the same as previously described.
The construction shewn at Figs. 6 and 7 only differs from that above described in
the form of the piston, which in this case consists of a simple disc, obliquely formed,
the cylindrical periphery of which fits the surface of the cylinder while curved
paths I formed on its two faces slide in contact with the rollers J revolving as before
upon studs G in the side of the cylinder, the piston in being rotated being thus caused
by the rollers to slide to and fro in the cylinder, either loose upon the piston rod, or
fixed thereon, so that the piston rod slides with it.
Thus if, in the drawing at Fig. 6, the piston is made to slide from right to left in
rotating, the cylinder being filled with liquid, it will force out the body of liquid
contained in the left hand end of the cylinder while it will at the same time draw in a
corresponding charge at the right hand end.
With this arrangement, the inlet and discharge ports A B Fig. 7, instead of being
placed at the ends of the cylinder, can be placed at the middle, in line with each other,
opening on each side of the piston immediately beyond the point where it is always
maintained in the same longitudinal position relatively to cylinder by the rollers G.
The rotary motion of the piston taking place at a uniform speed, the speed of the to
and fro motion will be variable, being practically zero at each end position, from
which the motion is gradually accelerated towards the middle position and then
gradually retarded towards the other end position. The flow of liquid follows this
movement but if the passages are sufficiently large, it will continue in motion while
the piston is passing the dead points.
Under these circumstances it is of advantage to employ a small air cushion (half
the volume of the water discharged in one revolution of the piston) for compensating
the variation in the speed. The air vessels may be arranged as at R R Fig. 7 for this
purpose; and they may be continuously fed with a small quantity of air by forming
in the suction pipe a small capillary opening admitting a few bubbles of air at each
stroke. This air inlet may be produced either by loosening slightly one of the joints,

page_text: or by forming a small passage in one of the screw plugs V at the top of the air
vessels R. The lubrication of the piston and rollers is effected by a lubricator g fixed
on the cylinder.
Figs. 8, 9 and 10 shew the apparatus arranged as an air, gas, or steam motor
engine. The steam or other fluid enters the cylinder through the pipe A and issues
through the pipe B. The cylinder has two cavities I, J, situated in one and the same
plane and separated from each other by a division 1 J', and forming enlargements of
the orifices of A and B. The piston has two passages M, P, of which the first com-
municates with the left hand end of the cylinder, while the second communicates with
the right hand end. The piston, in moving to and fro in the cylinder is at the same
time caused to rotate by the action of the oblique or elliptic surfaces on the ends of the
cylinder, against which bear the rollers G carried by the piston rod. Assuming the
piston to be in the position shewn at Fig. 9 and revolving in the direction of the
arrow, it will be seen that the orifice P will pass in front of the inlet port A, thereby
admitting a charge of fluid pressure to the left hand end of the cylinder while at the
same time the right hand end will be put in communication with the exhaust port B
by the channel I and passage M; the piston will now therefore be made to perform
its stroke from left to right and in doing so it will be caused to rotate by the action of
the rollers G upon the oblique surfaces of the cylinder, so that after having performed
half a revolution during the said stroke, the orifice M will arrive in front of the inlet
port A and P will be made to communicate with the exhaust port, thereby causing
the piston, to make its stroke to the left, and at the same time to complete the
revolution, and so on.
In order to work with expansion, the channel J may be reduced by extending the
solid part I say up to the point X so that when the piston orifice passes that
point, the steam supply is cut off, and the charge admitted works expansively during
the remainder of the stroke and semi revolution.
If the engine works without expansion, its motion can be made reversible by simply
reversing the position of the valve shewn in communication with the inlet and
discharge ports. It may also be made to act reversibly with expansion, by arranging
the part XJ reversible, so that when B is the inlet port, end I¹ of the part I J,
X is brought up to the point next to B, while the end X is moved away from A so as
to extend the exhaust passage J to its full size.
This reversal of the part I J¹ X may be effected by any suitable means such as a
circular toothed rack and pinion.
It will be evident that a machine such as above described may be employed at one
end of a conduit of any required length for forcing fluid pressure along such conduit
in order to act upon another machine similar to that last described, in which the fluid
pressure acts as motive power.
A lubricator is fixed on the cylinder at the middle of its length for supplying
lubricating material to the piston, which by its peculiar motion effectually distributes
the same throughout the cylinder. .
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. In pumps working with a piston, the use of a piston F having two curved
oblique surfaces I operating in combination with two rollers J situated within the
pump cylinder in such manner that by the rotation of the piston rod or shaft A, a to
and fro motion is imparted to the piston, substantially as described with reference to
Figs. 1, 3 and 5,
2. In pumps working with a piston, the use of a revolving piston F which, while it
is rotated by the pistou road or shaft A, is made to move to and fro in the cylinder
and at the same time to slide upon the part D of the shaft by the action of the oblique
curved surfaces I operating in combination with rollers E. situated inside the cylinder,
substantially as herein described with reference to Figs. 2 and 4.
3. In pumps working with a piston, constructing the piston as an oblique disc,

page_text: with curved surfaces operating in combination with two rollers, so that by its rotation
it has a to and fro motion imparted to it, substantially as described with reference
to Figs. 6 and 7.
4. In motor engines working with a reciprocating piston, arranging the piston in
combination with rollers G fixed externally upon the piston rod, which rollers in
moving in contact with curved oblique surfaces on the ends of the cylinder as the
piston moves to and fro, cause the piston rod and piston to rotate, substantially as and
for the purposes described with reference to Figs. 8, 9 and 10 of the drawings.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.