Improvements in Tyres.
Year: 1898

page_text: I, HARRY JOHN LAWSON, of 40, Holborn Viaduct, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to a method of putting an indiarubber tyre upon any flat
iron tyre wheel of cabs or omnibuses without taking the rims or wheels off.
It is obviously of great public utility to be able to apply a rubber tyre to a
cab wheel without removal, and without a special rim, or iron tyre, having to
be fixed upon it.
To do this I simply lay an overlapping flat band or ring of india rubber on
the usual metal tyre, and by cutting away the edges, to allow of small shoes or
plates of armour to pass over, I slide into position all round it small iron shoes,
which, by the fact of their enclosing the rubber and resting on the sides of the
rim of the wheel at once secure the rubber to the wheel.
These shoes may be of any material, wood, leather iron or steel and can be
made to any size.
By a slight modification made within like clips, they can overlap an ordinary
pneumatic tyre in a similar way, but in this case a wire would have to run
through the sides of them to keep them from springing off.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant
Improvements in Tyres.
I, HARRY JOHN LAWSON, of 40, Holborn Viaduct, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
My invention relates to a method of putting an indiarubber tyre upon any flat
iron-tyred wheel of a cab or omnibus without taking the rims or wheels off and
of providing the said rubber tyre with suitable armour.
It is obviously of great public utility to be able to apply a rubber tyre to a
cab wheel without removal, and without a special rim, or iron tyre, having to
be fixed upon it.
To do this I simply lay an overlapping flat band or ring of india rubber on
the usual metal tyre, and by cutting away the edges, to allow of small shoes or

page_text: plates of armour to pass over, I slide into position all round it small shoes,
which, by the fact of their enclosing the rubber and resting on the sides of the
rim of the wheel at once secure the rubber to the wheel.
These shoes may be of any material such as metal, wood or leather and can
be made to any size.
For pneumatic tyres the shoes may be made in the form of spring clips so
that they may be sprung over the tyre when in position upon the wheel-rim
and made to clasp the rim. In this case the shoes or clips would have to be
provided with bolts or threaded through with a wire to prevent their springing
off.
The invention will be clearly understood by reference to the accompanying
drawings in which
Figure 1 is a cross section of a wheel rim provided with a rubber tyre and
one form of protecting shoes according to this invention.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of a portion of a wheel rim similarly tyred.
Figure 3 shows in plan a detail of the rubber tyre.
Figure 4 is a cross section of a pneumatic tyred wheel rim provided with pro-
tecting clips or shoes and
Figure 5 is a side elevation of the same.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the accompanying drawings.
In carrying out this invention an ordinary wood wheel-rim A surrounded by
the usual metal tyre B is covered by an over-lapping endless rubber tyre C.
At C, Figure 3, the over-lapping portion of the tyre C is cut away to permit
trough-shaped protecting shoes D, the inside diameter of which is the same
as the breadth of the wheel-rim, to be dropped over the rubber tyre C to prevent
its displacement from the wheel-rim. Each shoe D is provided on its interior
with grooves D', so that after the shoe has been dropped over the rubber tyre Ü
at the part C it may be slid along to that part of the tyro C where the over-
lapping portion has not been cut away when the grooves D¹ will receive this
overlapping portion.
By this means any number of shoes D may be slid over the tyre C until the wheel
is surrounded by them each shoe butting one against the other so that as the
wheel revolves a completely armoured surface is always presented to the road.
The shoes thus placed in position will be unable to fall from the wheel-rim as
they will each be held thereto by the overlapping portions of the tyre C engaging
with the grooves D' and the tyre C will be prevented from displacement by the
sides of the shoes D engaging with the sides of the wheel-rim A; at the same
time the shoes D being free upon the rim A leave the rubber tyre C at liberty
to take up vibration caused by passage over uneven portions of the road.
The shoe however last placed in position will of course cover that part of the
tyre C where the overlapping portion has been cut away and consequently would
be free to drop off. To prevent this the last shoe D' may be provided with exten-
sions D2 and secured by bolts 13 passed through on the inside of the wheel-rim;
this shoe D is called the locking shoe.
If preferred all of the shoes D might be provided with extensions D2 and
bolts D³ to further secure them to the wheel-rim or the overlapping portion of
the rubber tyre C might be dispensed with and the shoes secured only by this
means.
In the case of pneumatic tyres the shoes D are slightly modified and are pre-
ferably made of some resilient material such as thin hard-rolled metal.
Figure 4 shows a pneumatic tyre fitted to a trough-shaped wheel-rim A¹. In
this case the rim is provided on either side with an outwardly directed beading A²
and the shoes D which are curved to suit the construction of tyre are provided
with inwardly directed beadings D+ All of the shoes are provided with exten-
sions D3 having holes D5 through which a wire D is threaded. The shoes D
are placed in position by springing them over the beadings A² of the wheel-rim
where they are retained by their inwardly projecting beadings D. The wire De iş

page_text: then threaded through the holes D³ of the extensions D² on one side of the wheel
and a second wire is similarly provided on the other side of the wheel. When
the wires have been threaded through all the shoes the ends of each wire Do
are joined and thus all the shoes are connected on either side of the wheel to an
endless wire which effectually prevents their displacement from the tyre. If pre-
ferred the extensions D2 of the shoes may be turned over at their ends to form
hooks over which endless wires may be sprung thus avoiding the necessity of
threading the wire through each extension.
It will be understood that the tyre or wheel rim A' need not necessarily have
beadings A but that the shoes or clips D when sprung on to the rim may be
maintained in position by their natural resiliency until finally secured by the
wires D6; also the tyre itself need not be secured to the rim by "Dunlop" wires B¹
as shown in Figure 4 but may be held in place by the shoes or clips D only.
It will be observed that in both forms of shoes D the sides of the shoes are
rounded off away from one another so that each shoe may have as much freedom
of motion as possible.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In the application of rubber tyres to the ordinary road wheel of a vehicle
a series of metal or other shoes secured to the wheel rim by an overlapping rubber
band or tyre substantially as and for the purpose described.
2. In the application of rubber tyres to the ordinary road wheel of a vehicle
the combination of an overlapping rubber tyre such as C with a series of pro-
tecting shoes D having grooves D' into which the rubber extends substantially as
described.
3. In the application of rubber tyres to the ordinary road wheel of a vehicle
the combination with protecting shoes such as I secured to the rim of the road
wheel by being slid upon a rubber band or tyre of a locking shoe such as D7
substantially as described.
4. The combination with an ordinary metal tyred wheel of a rubber tyre and
a series of protecting shoes D) secured by bolts D3 substantially as described.
5. The combination with a pneumatic tyred wheel of a series of protecting
shoes or clips secured by wires De substantially as described.
6. The complete rubber tyre armouring device substantially as described or
illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3 or Figures 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 9th day of February 1899
H. J. LAWSON,
Boult & Wade,
Agents for the Applicant.