Conveying Sewage, Sludge, or other Refuse. Materials," and for Discharging such Materials.
Year: 1885

page_text: Conveying Sewage, Sludge, or other Refuse. Materials," and
for Discharging such Materials.
We JAMES CASEY of 10 Philpot Lane, in the City of London, Marine
Consulting Engineer, and HENRY FREDERICK SWAN, of Newcastle-on-Tyne, in
the County of Northumberland, Ship Builder, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
The object of our invention is to construct "navigable vessels in such a manner
that they may be adapted for the conveyance and discharge of sewage, sludge, or
other refuse material; especially such of those materials as happens to be of. a
lighter specific gravity than that of sea water, or other water into which the same
is intended to be discharged.
I prefer to construct such vessels entirely of iron, steel, or other suitable metal:
but they may if preferred, be constructed on the Composite principle, or as timber
vessels. In any case the hold for carrying the cage is inade capable of being
hermetically sealed, and also of sufficient strength to bear a considerable internal
pressure of air with safety.
•
In suitable positions I fit and attach air, or other pumps; or air compressors,
worked on board by any suitable motive power; by means of which a considerable
pressure of air is imparted to the upper surface of the materials contained in the
hold, or cargo space.
When the vessel has been navigated to a suitable position for discharging its
cargo, the pressure of the air is rendered sufficient to discharge such material,
through suitable holes, doorways, or other apertures provided for such discharge,
in the bottom or sides of the vessel, such holes or apertures being opened or
uncovered for that purpose by connections and gear, fixed in suitable positions.
The deck openings are made to close, airtight; after taking in the material, and
the vessel may be navigated by sail, steam, towing, or other convenient means.
Vessels constructed according to this invention are capable of being loaded with
such material, having a lighter specific gravity than the sea or other water into
which it is to be discharged, and of discharging the same below the surface of the
water; but such vessels are also adapted to carry and discharge analagous
substances of greater specific gravity than the water, and may with advantage be
used for such purpose.
This invention also applies to the conversion of existing vessels, to the above
mentioned uses.
GEO. DOWNING,
Agent for Applicants.

page_text: Conveying Sewage, Sludge, or other Refuse Materials, and
for Discharging such Materials.
We, JAMES CASEY, of No 10 Philpot Lane, in the City of London, Consulting
Marine Engineer, and HENRY FREDERICK SWAN, of North Jesmond, Newcastle
on Tyne, in the County of Northumberland, Ship builder, do hereby declare the
nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
The object of our Invention is to fit navigable vessels in such manner that they
may be adapted for the conveyance of sewage, sludge, or other refuse substances
especially such of those substances as happen to have a lighter specific gravity
than sea water or other water into which it is intended to discharge the saine, we
therefore construct vessels, propelled by steam, sails or other means or alter
existing navigable vessels in such a manner that they may be capable of fulfilling
the objects herein described.
We make the holds of such vessels as above mentioned in such a manner that
they may be hermetically sealed, and also of sufficient strength to bear with safety
a considerable internal pressure.
We prefer where practicable, to have a special water tight deck so placed that the
whole of the cargo is well below the load water line, and so that the compartments
can fill themselves automatically with sea water for ballast when desired.
In suitable positions, we fit air compressors worked on board the vessels by any
suitable motive power, by means of which, a considerable pressure of air can be
imparted to the upper surface of the substances, contained in the hold, or cargo
spaces, with the object of expelling the same at will.
In the bottom or sides of the vessel, under water we provide suitable holes,
doorways, or other apertures with valve slides, or other appliances, for opening
or uncovering such apertures, by connections and gearing fixed in suitable
positions.
In the deck, we provide suitable openings, through which the cargo compartments
can be filled, and which are capable of being closed air-tight, when the filling
operation has been completed.
°
The vessel having been loaded, is navigated to a suitable position for discharging
the cargo, when the aperture or apertures above referred to being opened, and
a pressure of air brought to bear on the surface of the cargo, the latter is expelled
through the aperture or apertures above mentioned, which being under water
ensures that the discharged substances are disintegrated and incorporated with the
sea water, to such an extent as to render them quite innocuous and this is the
more completely obtained by our invention permitting, the discharge to take place
while the vessel under weigh,
Vessels constructed according to this invention are capable of being loaded with
such substances having a lighter specific gravity than sea water, or other water
into which they are to be discharged, and to discharge the same below the surface

page_text: of the water, but such vessels are equally adapted to carry and discharge analogous
substances of greater specific gravity than water, and may with advantage be used
for such purpose.
And in order that our said invention may be particularly described and ascer-
tained reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings in which similar
letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
Fig. 1 represents a longitudinal sectional elevation of a vessel, shewing the
various compartments in which the cargo is intended to be carried, and which are
formed by longitudinal and transverse bulkheads, the number of which may vary
according to particular circumstances.
Fig. 2 represents the same vessel in plan.
Fig. 3 represents the transverse section of the same.
a a are the transverse bulkheads dividing the compartments, b b the deck on
top of the compartments, which by preference we place below the level of the
load line, but in some cases it may be convenient to make it higher, or even to
utilise the upper deck of the vessel so as to form the top of the compartments, the
deck in this case being made correspondingly strong.
cc are trunk ways through which the compartment may be filled, and although
the drawings shew only one such trunkway common to two compartments, there
may be one or more such trunkways fitted to each compartment, if preferred.
& represents the position where an air compressor may be conveniently fixed but
it may be placed in any convenient position, and which by forcing air through the
pipes e e from which branches are carried into each individual compartment, will
expel the cargo through the apertures f f in the bottom of the vessel.
apertures may be of any convenient form and placed either in the flat of the
bottom or even in the keel of the vessel herself, which in some cases would be
made of a hollow box form.
These
For working the valves, rods or other ordinary appliances are fitted and
conveniently carried up to the deck.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is
The use and construction of navigable vessels fitted with air tight sludge or
sewage cisterns or compartments and with air compressing apparatus by means of
which the sludge or sewage can be taken out to sea and forcibly expelled under
water substantially as hereinbefore described.