IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING LOOPED OR PILE FABRICS
Year: 1885

page_text: I WILLIAM SMITH, of the Sun Iron Works, Heywood, in the County of
Lancaster, Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING LOOPED OR PILE FABRICS, to be as
follows:-
My invention is particularly applicable to looms for weaving Utrecht and silk
velvets, Brussels, Tapestry and other carpets and the like and the object of my
invention is to improve the mechanism of the loom for inserting and withdrawing
the wire used in the above manufactures.
In performing my Invention I dispense with the ordinary tappet for inserting
the wire and use in its place gearing, consisting of a bevel wheel secured to the
tappet or other shaft which gears into and gives motion to a bevel wheel keyed to
a short shaft on which shaft is keyed an elliptical wheel which gears into and
drives an elliptical wheel keyed or secured to a second short shaft to which is
secured at one end a disc to the face of which is bolted a stud or crank pin the
position of which can be adjusted in a slot, in order to "time" or set the wire
motion. The crank pin and the usual slotted angle lever secured to the rocking
shaft are connected together by a connecting rod; the other arm of the angle lever
is connected as usual to the sliding carriage which inserts and withdraws the wire.
This improved mechanism imparts to the carriage and the wire an easier and
smoother motion than that given by a tappet.

page_text: Improvements in Looms for Weaving Looped or Pile Fabrics.
I WILLIAM SMITH, of the Sun Iron Works, Heywood, in the County of
Lancaster, Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING, LOOPED OR, PILE FABRICS, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:—
My invention is particularly applicable to looms for weaving Utrecht and silk
velvets, Brussels, Tapestry, and other carpets, and the like, and the object of my
Invention is to improve the mechanism of the loom for inserting and withdrawing
the wire used in the above manufactures.
In performing my Invention I dispense with the ordinary tappet for inserting
the wire and use in its place gearing consisting of. a bevel wheel secured to the
tappet or other shaft which gears into and gives motion to a bevel wheel keyed to a
short shaft on which shaft is keyed an elliptical wheel which gears into and drives
an elliptical wheel keyed or secured to a second short shaft, to which is secured at
one end a disc to the face of which is bolted a stud or crank pin the position of
which can be adjusted in a slot, in order to "time". or set the wire motion. The
crank pin and the usual slotted angle lever secured to the rocking shaft are
connected together by a connecting rod; the other arm of the angle lever is
, connected as usual to the sliding carriage which inserts and withdraws the wire.
This improved mechanism imparts to the carriage and the wire, an easier and
smoother motion than that given by a tappet.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect I will describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, reference being
had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is a sido view and Fig. 2 a plan of part of a loom to which my improved
motion for inserting and withdrawing the wires employed for weaving cut pile or
looped fabrics is applied.
a is part of the frame of a loom; a¹ the crank shaft on which is the pinion a²
that gears into the wheel b fixed on the tappet shaft b¹ on which shaft is also fixed
the bevel wheel c that gears into and drives a, bevel pinion d secured on a short
shaft d'; on this shaft is keyed an elliptical toothed wheel e gearing into an
elliptical wheel of keyed on the shaft f¹; at one end of this shaft f¹ is secured a
disc wheel g with slots g¹ g¹ in one of which is secured the crank pin h to which
is pivoted one end of a connecting rod i, pivoted also at j to one arm of the usual
slotted angle lever k; the lever k is free to swivel on the shaft ; to the other arm
of the lever k is connected the usual lever or wire arm m to which is pivoted at m
the connecting lever n pivoted at n¹ to the wire carriage o which is free to slide
on guides to insert and withdraw the wires as usual.
The operation is as follows:- -When weaving cut pile fabrics with the usual six
to the round treading tappets for working the healds I prefer to use six wires for
forming and cutting the pile, all the wires being inserted into the shed the first
time by hand, one wire after each two beats of the lathe; the wire motion is then
set or adjusted to come into action and withdraw the first wire put in and re-insert

page_text: it into the open shed after two beats of the lathe have been made; and this
operation, i.e. taking the wire from the woven fabric and re-inserting it into the
shed after two beats of the lathe continues with the action of the loom.
The elliptical wheels are so shaped and proportioned that the motion of the
tappet shaft conveyed through them by the shaft f¹, disc g; and connections to
the rocking lever m and so to the carriage o causes the. carriage to travel at a
varying speed, i.e. slowly near the end of each stroke and quickly during the
intermediate portion.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
In looms for weaving looped or pile fabrics, the use and application of elliptical
wheels for transmitting motion to the wire carriage for the purpose specified.