Improvements in Rubber Condensors for Carding Engines.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Oct., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 28th July, 1896-Accepted, 29th Aug., 1896
Improvements in Rubber Condensors for Carding Engines.
1, THOMAS GREEN BEAUMONT, of Toothill Grove, Rastrick, in the County of
York, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has reference to double doffer condensors which primarily consist
of an upper and lower doffer, both of which are clothed with rings of cards with
spaces between them, the two doffers being so fixed or arranged that the rings of
one doffer are opposite the spaces between the rings of the other doffer so as to
ensure that the fibre on the whole surface of the swift is stripped. The swift
revolves downwards towards the doffers, and the doffers run downwards towards
the swift, but the rings on the top doffer are first fed with sliver off the swift, and
the rings of the lower duffer act secondly, and thus remove the remaining sliver
from the swift which the top doffer had left upon it, but it will be apparent that
the top doffer having first contact with the swift takes the sliver which lies in its
path, and not only does it do that, but if any long fibres lie across the space covered
by the rings of the said top doffer, it also takes them off the swift, consequently
the upper doffer robs the lower doffer of the long fibre and produces yarn longer.in
staple than that from the lower doffer, whereby the yarns are unequal.
To avoid defects arising from this, some manufacturers keep the carding of the
top doffer separate from that produced by the lower doffer, the two yarns being
spun separately and woven by themselves, but if the yarns from the two doffers are
mixed together, "cockled or imperfect pieces are woven.
"
My invention is intended to remedy the irregularity in yarn or carding from the
condensors and to make yarns from both top and bottom doffers the same in mixing
and in staple.
In carrying out my invention I use four doffers, or two doffers and two carrying
rollers. The two first doffers come into contact with the swift of the carder and
are placed in about the same position as the doffers of an ordinary double doffer
condensor, and the two other doffers or carrying rollers are placed at some distance
from the two doffers.
I employ endless bands of card fillets which pass around the doffers and around
the carrying rollers arranged in the following manner :-For the same number of
threads as would be produced by a double doffer condensor of 42 threads, (21 top
and 21 low doffer) I should use 84 endless card fillets, as each thread or carding
is composed of the sliver from two of these card fillets. Each endless band of the
top doffer passes alternately around the top and bottom roliers, and each endless
band from the lower doffer passes alternately around the bottom and top carrying
rollers, thus the first band from the top doffer and the first band from the lower
doffer pass around the top carrying roller and are close to each other on the
carrying roller. The fibre is stripped from the two endless bands by stripper
rollers, such said fibre subsequently passing between the rubbing leathers and being
formed into one thread or carding.
The second endless band from the top doffer and second endless band from the
lower doffer pass around the bottom carrying roller and so on, every alternate
endless band of top doffer passing around the top and bottom carrying rollers and
every alternate band of the lower doffer passing around the bottom and top carrying
rollers, consequently 84 endless bands will produce 21 threads on the top carrying
roller and 21 threads on the bottom carrying roller and these will be stripped off

page_text: and rubbed into cardings exactly as is done now by the ordinary double doffer
condensors, but according to my method there is more perfect mixing of the fibre
and more even yarn produced as each thread or carding is composed of sliver
taken from two different parts of the swift and therefore more equally divided.
In order to prevent the fillets having lateral movement or in order to keep them
in one uniform position on the doffers I employ shafts with flanges on, or guiding
strips suitably placed so that each fillet passes between the flanges or strips and is
thereby kept in position laterally.
With regard to single doffer condensors it is admittel that fairly even yarn can
be produced, but there are disadvantages in the use of single condensors because
they cannot be used for long fibre by reason of the rings on the doffer being too
close together.
Dated this 26th day of October 1895.
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Halifax, Patent Agents.
I, THOMAS GREEN BEAUMONT, of Toothill Grove, Rastrick, in the County of
York, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to double doffer condensors which primarily consist
of an upper and lower doffer both of which are clothed with rings of cards with
spaces between them, the two doffers being so fixed or arranged that the rings of
one doffer are opposite the spaces between the rings of the other doffer so as to
ensure that the fibre on the whole surface of the swift is stripped. The swift
revolves downwards towards the doffers, and the doffers run downwards towards
the swift, but the rings on the top doffer are first fed with sliver off the swift, and
the rings of the lower doffer act secondly, and thus remove the remaining sliver
from the swift which the top doffer had left upon it, but it will be apparent that
the top doffer having first contact with the swift takes the sliver which lies in its
path, and not only does it do that, but if any long fibres lie across the space
covered by the rings of the said top doffer, it also takes them off the swift,
consequently the upper doffer robs the lower doffer of the long fibre and produces
yarn longer in staple than that from the lower doffer, whereby the yarns are
unequal. To avoid defects arising from this, some manufacturers keep the
carding of the top doffer seperate from that produced by the lower doffer, the
two yarns being spun and woven separately, but if the yarns from the two doffers
are mixed together, "cockled" or imperfect pieces are woven.
My invention intended to remedy the irregularity in yarn or carding from
the condensors and to make yarns from both top and bottom doffers the same in
mixing and in staple.
In carrying out my invention I use four doffers, or two doffers and two carrying
rollers. The two first doffers come into contact with the swift of the carder and
are placed in about the same position as the doffers of an ordinary double doffer
condensor, and the two other doffers or carrying rollers are placed at some distance
from the two doffers. I employ endless bands of card fillets which pass around
the doffers and around the carrying rollers arranged in the following manner:-
For the same number of threads as would be produced by a double duffer
condensor of 42 threads, (21 top and 21 low doffer) I should use 84 endless card
fillets, as cach thread or carding is composed of the sliver from two of these card
fillets. Each endless band of the top doffer passes alternately around the top and

page_text: bottom rollers, and each endless band from the lower doffer passes alternately
around the bottom and top carrying rollers, thus the first band from the top doffer
and the first band from the lower doffer pass around the top carrying roller and
are close to each other on the carrying roller. The fibre is stripped from the two
endless bands by stripper rollers, such said fibre subsequently passing between the
rubbing leathers and being formed into one thread or carding. The second endless
band from the top doffer and second endless band from the lower doffer pass around
the bottom carrying roller and so on, every alternate endless band of top doffer
passing around the top and bottom carrying rollers and every alternate band of
the lower doffer passing around the bottom and top carrying rollers, consequently
84 endless bands will produce 21 threads on the top carrying roller and 21 threads
on the bottom carrying roller and these will be stripped off and rubbed into cardings
exactly as is done now by the ordinary double doffer condensors, but according to
my method there is more perfect mixing of the fibre and more even yarn produced
as each thread or carding is composed of sliver taken from two different parts of
the swift and therefore more equally divided. In order to prevent the fillets
having lateral movement or in order to keep them in one uniform position on the
doffers I employ shafts with flanges on, or guiding strips suitably placed so that
each fillet passes between the flanges or strips or between grooved rollers and is
thereby kept in position laterally.
With regard to single doffer condensors it is admitted that fairly even yarn can
be produced, but there are disadvantages in the use of single doffer condensors
because they cannot be used for long fibre in consequence of the rings on the
doffer being too close together.
For the purpose of fully describing my said invention reference is hereinafter
had to the annexed drawings, in which
Fig. 1 is sectional side elevation of a portion of a double doffer condensor
constructed and arranged according to my invention, and Fig. 2 is plan of one
side of same.
Fig. 3 is a detail of card filleting which I prefer to employ.
Fig. 4 is similar elevation to Fig. 1 shewing a modification of the means for
guiding and preventing lateral movement of the endless travelling card fillets.
Fig. 5 is transverse section taken on line 1-2 of Fig. 4.
Referring to the drawings, A. represents the ordinary swift or cylinder of a
condensing carding engine, and B and C are two doffers or doffing rollers journalled
in suitable bearings in or on the framework D. The said doffers or doffing rollers B
and C are not, however, according to my invention, covered with rings of card
clothing as ordinarily, but have endless bands of card filleting passed around them,
these said bands being distended and passed around auxiliary doffing or carrying
rollers E and F situated at some distance from the two first named rollers. The
endless card fillets and the spaces between each card fillet are respectively only
about half the width of the rings on the ordinary ring doffers and the spaces
between said rings, so that the number of card fillets is double the number of
rings on ordinary doffers, that is to say,-for the same number of threads or ends
of cardings as would be produced by a double doffer condensor of forty two threads
(twenty-one top and twenty-one low doffer) I use eighty four endless card fillets,
forty two of which pass around the top doffer or doffing roller B and forty two
around the low doffing roller C, those passing around one roller or doffer being
opposite the blank spaces between those passing around the other roller or doffer,
each endless card fillet from the two said rollers or doffers being brought together
in alternate pairs of top and bottom fillets upon the two rollers E, F, so that the
sliver from each pair of card fillets forms one thread or roving and therefore gives
the same number of ends as formerly-viz.-forty two.
The arrangement of the endless card fillets around the several rollers to obtain
the above results and to produce cardings or threads composed of fibre taken from
two separate portions of the swift is as follows:-
The endless bands or card fillets G on the top doffer B pass alternately around

page_text: the top and bottom rollers E, F, and the endless bands or card fillets G¹on the
low doffer C also pass alternately around the top and bottom rollers E, F, thus, the
first and every other endless band or card fillet G on the top doffer B and the first and
every other endless band or card fillet G¹ on the low doffer C pass close together
or contiguously around the top carrying roller E, and the second and every other
endless band or card fillet H on top doffer B, and the second and every other
endless card fillet H on the low doffer C pass close together or contiguously around
the bottom carrying roller F, consequently the forty two separate card surfaces on
each doffer B, C, give twenty one separate card surfaces on each of the carrying
rollers E, F, from which can be produced in all forty two ends or rovings. The
two doffers B and C are driven in an opposite direction to the swift A by gearing
in the ordinary manner, and thus carry the endless card fillets G, G, H, H, in the
directions indicated by arrows, these card fillets removing the fibre from two points
of contact or separate parts of the swift A and carrying the said fibre forward in
narrow films to the top and bottom carrying rollers E, F, where a sliver or film of
fibre taken from one part of the swift is brought into contact or contiguous with a
sliver or film of fibre taken from another part of the swift on each pair of endless
card fillets from which they are then both stripped by strippers I, I, and passed as
ordinarily between the rubbing leathers J, J, which reduce the eighty four films
or slivers into forty two threads or cardings each composed of two slivers or films
of fibre taken from different parts of the swift's surface. In producing threads or
cardings from slivers of fibre taken from two different parts of the swift or cylinder
as above set forth, I obtain a more perfect mixing or equal blending of the fibre
than can possibly be obtained by the ordinary double or single doffer condensors,
and consequently the yarn produced therefrom is more even and regular and
avoids the imperfections or "cockled" effects in the pieces woven from unequal
yarns.
The carrying rollers E, F, may be driven solely by the endless card fillets but
it may be advisable to drive them by gearing or by endless belt or belts in order
to reduce undue strain or tension off the said card fillets.
In order to guide each endless card fillet on to the doffers B, C, and rollers E, F,
and keep them linable or in one uniform position laterally, I employ to each roller
two shafts or rods B1, B2, C1, C2, E', E, and F1, F2, which are placed in suitable
positions near the rollers and under or over which the card fillets pass. The said
shafts are provided with flanges, guiding strips, or bobbins as shewn which are
placed at equi distances apart to engage their respective endless card fillets between
the flanges and prevent lateral movement thereof. For the purpose of tightening
the endless card fillets when required the carrying rollers E, F may be moved
outward, and this may be done by dividing the framework D at D' and adjusting
the screws D, or the shafts 13, B, E and F which are supported in slotted
bearings may be adjusted to the extent desired by screws or like means.
bobbins are employed they may be keyed on to the shafts, or they may be
secured in their respective positions thereon by collars so that they may be free
to rotate with the traverse of the card fillets and thereby reduce friction on said
card fillets.
If
In the case of removable bobbins the tension of any individual card fillet could
be easily adjusted by introducing a bobbin of larger diameter.
To afford a smooth traverse of the endless card fillets, I prefer to cover the
backs thereof with a thin covering or layer of leather or suitable material
shewn at K in Fig. 3, which is secured by short studs, staples or pins driven
through the said backing into the card fillets or by other suitable means, and
to support the teeth of the card I employ a layer of felt or cloth as shewn at K¹
in Fig. 3.
In lieu of shafts with guiding flanges or bobbins thereon, I may employ division
strips or plates L placed between each endless card fillet somewhat as shown in
Figs. 4 and 5. These guide or division strips may be secured in position to frame-
work near the top and bottom thereof, or by suitable grates or grils; or they

page_text: may be secured together by rods M and held the proper distance apart by loose
sleeves or collars M¹ passed over the rods and placed between each division strip
as shewn in Figs. 4 and 5, or grooved rollers may be employed for the endless
strips of fillets to pass in.
It will, however, be understood that other means or methods can be adopted
for guiding the endless card fillets on to the rollers and preventing lateral movement
of same.
The width of the card fillets is a shade less than the spaces between them
on the doffers B, C, in order that they may not bind against each other in
passing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
Firstly. The manufacture of a thread composed of two slivers, doffed from two
different parts of a swift in a condensing carding engine, performed in the manner
substantially as shewn and described.
Secondly. In condensing carding engines, the combination therewith of the
double doffing endless card fillets, traversed around doffing and carrying rollers,
for removing fibre from the swift or cylinder, and bringing the slivers or films of
fibre taken from one part of the swift into contact and contiguous with the slivers
or fibres taken from another part of the swift, and in means for stripping the
compound fibres from the card fillets for the purpose of forming one thread
or carding in the manner and for the purposes substantially as herein shewn and
described.
Thirdly. In apparatus for producing threads or cardings each composed of the
slivers or films of fibre taken from different parts of the swift, the use therewith of
shafts having flanges, guiding strips or bobbins thereon, or division plates or grooved
rollers for guiding the endless card fillets and preventing lateral movement thereof;
and means for adjusting the tension of said card fillets all arranged and operating in
the manner substantially as herein shewn and described.
Fourthly. The general arrangement and combination of the parts substantially
as herein shewn and described for producing threads or cardings from the swifts of
condensing carding engines each thread composed of fibres taken from two separate
parts of the swift.
Dated this 27th day of July 1896.
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Halifax, Patent Agents.