Improvements in the Construction of Tyres for Cycle and other Wheels, and Means for Securing such Tyres to the Wheels.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 12th June, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 12th Mar., 1894-Accepted, 14th Apr., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Tyres for Cycle and other
Wheels, and Means for Securing such Tyres to the Wheels.
I, JOSEPH MADDEN, of 48 Capel Street, Dublin, Ireland, Boot and Shoe
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of tyres for cycle and
other wheels whereby the advantages of greater strength, lightness and resiliency
are obtained.
The invention consists (1) in the substitution of leather as a wrapper or covering
for the ordinary air chamber instead of the several materials hitherto employed;
(2) the method whereby this leather wrapper or covering is secured round the air
chamber, and (3) the method whereby a tyre constructed according to my invention
is secured to the rim of the wheel.
The first feature of my invention is obvious.
As to the second feature I cut the leather in suitable widths or strips so as to
allow for a reasonable over-lapping of the longitudinal edges when the air chamber
is embraced, and these edges are secured by passing through same at regular
intervals suitable rivets, or bolts and nuts. To prevent the heads of the rivets or
bolts coming in contact with the material composing the air chamber, a longitudinal
tongue is provided along the inside of one of the closing edges.
This joint is made on the outer periphery of the tyre and the fasteners used in
same I utilize in accomplishing the third feature of my invention securing a tyre
constructed according to my invention to the rim of the wheel-as follows.
Some of the rivets or bolts used as fasteners have their free ends prolonged so as
to be capable of penetrating suitable apertures formed in the rim of the wheel.
Thus when the tyre is placed in position these elongated rivets or bolts. pass
through the rim and are secured on the inner periphery thereof by nuts or
otherwise.
For additional strength and smoothness a strip or band of leather is stretched
along the side of the wrapper or covering, thus affording additional strength to that
part of the tyre which comes in contact with the ground.
Dated the 10th day of June 1893.
J. K. FAHIE & SON,
9, Westland Row, Dublin, Agents for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Tyres for Cycle and other
Wheels, and Means for Securing such Tyres to the Wheels.
I, JOSEPH MADDEN, of 48 Capel Street, Dublin, Ireland, Boot and Shoe
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in.
and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of tyres for cycle
and other wheels, whereby the advantages of greater strength, lightness, and
resiliency are obtained.
The invention consists (1) in the substitution of leather as a wrapper or covering
for the ordinary air chamber, instead of the several materials hitherto employed;

page_text: (2) the method whereby this leather wrapper or covering is secured round the air
chamber; and (3) the method whereby a tyre constructed according to my
invention is secured to the rim of the wheel.
The first feature of my invention is obvious.
As to the second feature, I cut the leather in suitable widths or strips so as to
allow for a reasonable overlapping of the longitudinal edges when the air chamber
is embraced, and these edges are secured by passing through same at regular
intervals suitable rivets or bolts and nuts.
To prevent the heads of the rivets or bolts coming in contact with the material
composing the air chamber, a longitudinal tongue is provided along the inside of
one of the closing edges. Some of the rivets or bolts and nuts used in fastening
the edges of the covering, 1 utilize in accomplishing the third feature of my
invention securing a tyre constructed according to my invention to the rim of the
wheel-as follows: :-
The rivets or bolts to be used for this purpose have their free ends prolonged so
as to be capable of penetrating suitable apertures formed in the rim of the wheel.
Thus when the tyre is placed in position these elongated rivets or bolts pass
through the rim, and are secured on the inner periphery thereof by nuts or
otherwise.
For additional strength, a strip or band of leather is stretched along that part of
the wrapper or covering which forms the rolling surface, or which comes
immediately in contact with the ground.
In order that my said invention may be more readily understood, and carried into
practice, I will describe the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1, is a section of an ordinary bicycle wheel showing the application of my
improved wrapper or covering thereto;
Fig. 2, shows the wrapper or covering detached, and partly open to exhibit more
clearly the construction; and Fig. 3, is a cross section of same.
a, indicates the wrapper or covering which is composed, as stated, of suitable
leather, and of suitable thickness, and length according to the type of wheel to
which it is to be applied.
The longitudinal edges overlap, and are secured at suitable intervals by rivets or
bolts and nuts b. c, is the tongue which protects the air chamber from contact
with the heads of the rivets or bolts.
The method of applying a tyre constructed according to my invention is obvious.
The air chamber having been introduced, the longitudinal edges of the wrapper
or cover are overlapped, and secured by the rivets b, whereupon the tyre is placed
in the concave metal rim, which is first provided with apertures at suitable
intervals, for the reception of the elongated rivets 6'. These elongated rivets being
then secured serve the double purpose of (1) maintaining the wrapper or cover
tightly closed round the air chamber, and (2) securing the tyre bodily to the rim
of the wheel. In practice I find three such elongated rivets or bolts are
sufficient to secure the tyre permanently to the rim.
It is obvious that my invention affords a convenient and simple method of
removing the tyre in case of accident, or damage to the machine.
It is also obvious that my improved tyre may be readily applied to all existing
wheels of the concave rim type, whether the concavity be presented in the form of
the common rim, or the crescent or other special shaped hollow rim.
For the purpose of rendering the internal surface of my improved wrapper or
cover smooth, and thus obviating any injurious friction on the enclosed air chamber,
I propose to introduce a lining of canvas or other suitable material round the said
internal surface of the wrapper or cover.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I would have it understood,
that what I claim is :-
First. In the construction of tyres for wheels of cycles and other vehicles, the use

page_text: and application of leather as a substitute for rubber and other substances hitherto
used as outer wrappers or covers for such tyres.
Second. In the construction of tyres for cycle and other wheels, the method
herein described of fastening the outer cover in combination with the use of
pneumatic or other elastic tubes, substantially as specified.
Third. In the application of pneumatic or other elastic tyres to the rims of
cycle or other wheels, the method herein described of securing the outer wrapper or
cover, substantially as specified.
Dated the 10th day of March 1894.
J. K. FAHIE & SON,
9, Westland Row, Dublin, Agents for Applicant.