A NEW OR IMPROVED SPRING FOR CAR- RIAGES OR OTHER VEHICLES
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Daniel Reading, of Claverdon, in the County of
Warwick, for the Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED SPRING FOR CAR-
RIAGES OR OTHER VEHICLES."
Sealed the 13th November 1857, and dated the 14th May 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Daniel Reading at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th May 1857.
I, DANIEL READING, of Claverdon, in the County of Warwick, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for. "A NEW OR IMPROVED SPRING
FOR CARRIAGES OR OTHER VEHICLES," to be as follows (that is to say) :-
My Invention, which has for its object to simplify the general form and
construction of bearing springs for vehicles of all descriptions, consists in the
employment of one or more spiral springs placed within cylindrical or tubular
chambers (formed in the axle box or boxes), corresponding in number and
size to the spring or springs employed, each tubular chamber being fitted with
metallic plungers or pistons in connection with the body of the carriage or
otherwise, so as to maintain the springs in a vertical position and supply the
requisite reaction.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven in the twentieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Daniel Reading, Her special licence that. the said Daniel Reading,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Daniel Reading, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW
OR IMPROVED SPRING FOR CARRIAGES OR OTHER. VEHICLES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Daniel Reading, my executors or admi-
nistrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Daniel Reading, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, and the Drawings therein referred to (that is to say):--
My Invention, which has for its object to simplify the general form and
construction of bearing springs for vehicles of all descriptions, consists in the
employment of one or more spiral springs placed within cylindrical or tubular
chambers (formed in the axle box or boxes), corresponding in number and
size to the spring or springs employed, each tubular chamber being fitted with
metallic plungers or pistons in connection with the body of the carriage or
otherwise, so as to maintain the springs in a vertical position, and supply the
requisite reaction.
But in order that my said Invention may be more fully understood and
readily carried into effect, I now proceed to describe it by the aid of the
accompanying Drawings, reference being had to the letters and figures thereon
marked (that is to say):-
Fig. 1 represents a sectional side elevation of my improved bearing spring
for carriages or other vehicles; Fig. 2, a top or plan view partly in section;
Fig. 3, a front view; Fig. 4, a side elevation partly in section, showing a
modification of the above; and Fig. 5, a side view of a portion of a carriage,
showing its application to the C spring.

page_text: In each Figure the same letters of reference denote similar corresponding
parts. A, A, under carriage; B, B, metallic bracket bearing; C, C, tubular
or cylindrical case or chamber for the reception of the bearing spring;
D, D, axle box; E, E, axle; F, F, reacting spiral spring; G, G, auxiliary
pressure spring; H, H, hollow cylindrical plunger or piston for maintaining
the spring in a vertical position, and supplying the requisite reaction, and in
which the auxiliary spring works; I, I, vertical guides working in slots J, J,
for controlling the action of the spring; K, K, bolts for securing the bracket
bearing to the under carriage; L, L, body of the carriage; M, M, C spring;
N, N, reacting spring and box; 0, 0, piston or plunger; P, P, connecting.
link joints.
In conclusion to the foregoing description, I would here briefly note that any
number of springs may be employed as may be found necessary, and contained
either separately or severally in any suitable number of cylindrical cases or
chambers, and attached or secured to the carriage or otherwise in any con-
venient manner.
Having now fully described the nature of this my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed and carried into effect, I would
have it clearly understood that I do not by any means confine myself to the
precise details herein-before set forth and described, as the same might be,
varied without departing from the general principle of these my said improve-
ments; but that which I do claim as new and of my said Invention is, the
general arrangement and employment of spiral bearing springs, in the manner
and for the purposes herein-before set forth and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Daniel Reading, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
DANIEL READING. (L.S.)
Witness,
F. R. DARKIN CAMPBELL,
Clerk to Messrs. Weatherdon, & Co.,
77, Chancery Lane.