Improvements in and connected with Apparatus for Drying Granular and like Materials.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Feb., 1890-Accepted, 10th May, 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Apparatus for Drying
Granular and like Materials.
I SIGMUND SECKENDORF of No. 11 Hart Street, Mark Lane in the City of London,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, a communication to me
from abroad by Max Reuland of Dortmund in the Empire of Germany, Civil
Engineer, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
The object of this invention is an apparatus for drying granular pasty or thick
material, in which. the drying material is gradually moved over an inclined heated
surface by means of obliquely placed scrapers, whence it passes into troughs or
additional drying receptacles.
Referring to the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 is a side view and partial vertical section of the improved apparatus.
Fig. 2 a top view, and
Figs. 3 to 8 represent details.
The drying surface which may be composed of several parts forms an inclined
plane upon which a suitable number of obliquely placed scrapers are adapted to be
moved laterally to and fro by a carriage v, thereby moving the material to be dried
gradually down the said heating surface.. A number of such apparatus may be
superposed in gradations.
The material to be treated is introduced through the funnel 6 and delivered to the
feeding rollers ce which serve at the same time to press off water.
The hollow roller c is heated by fire gases, entering and escaping at d, and receives
the material to be dried from the roller e which is not heated and also serves to free
the material more or less from inherent moisture. The material is removed
from the surface of roller c by the scraper and falls on the upper rim of the drying
surface.
The carriage which receives its to-and-fro movement through gearing f and
chains g g connected therewith is provided with laterally displaceable and vertically
movable scrapers w which move the drying material gradually down the drying
surface and into drying troughs or trays a a situated inside the masonry and shown
by dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 2 whence it is delivered through worm-fashioned
arranged scrapers kk which are revolved by gearing h into the discharge funnels Il'.
The gearing m drives through worm o the worm wheel o' that is to say the receiving
roller device ce. The displacement of the scraper carriage is effected by its chain
automatically actuating the stop n thereby giving the gear and carriage a reciprocating
movement.
On every change of the carriage the latter is raised a few centimeters by running
on to the elevated ends of the rails ; thereby the scrapers are lifted out of the drying
material and, after being reversed, re-commence to, plough the drying surface in the
opposite direction. In this manner the material is continually moved downwards, as
the frame work of the carriage, which consists of guide bars p p and loose scrapers w
connected therewith and revoluble about pins q in shaft p', is supported by wheels v¹
running on rails and is always correctly adjusted i.e. reversed by the oblique guide
pieces ss.
The heating gases introduced at y pass through chambers 1, 2, 3 and 4, leave the
heating chambers at y¹ and pass at z into, and at 2¹ out of the double sides of the
troughs or trays a a.
To attain the largest possible drying effect in a limited space a supplementary drying
apparatus as illustrated by Figs. 5 and 6 Sheet II may be employed.
The drying material supplied to the trough f' at a² is heated by the peculiarly con-

page_text: structed hollow rotary shaft b², while the scrapers c² secured to the druin & revoluble
about said shaft 62 turn over the material and pass it gradually into the discharge
funnel d². The mantle f2 in which the hollow shaft is lodged is stationary; it may
be plain or hollow and also adapted to be heated. The drum shaft 62 chiefly consists
of a suitable number of lentil-shaped or convex hollow disks placed concentrically side
by side and is actuated by gearing h² while the drum 63 is operated through the
gearing 7,³.
According to the kind of material to be treated the above supplementary drying
device may be provided with an agitating contrivance as illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8,
Sheet III, consisting of a suitable number of plates mounted on a shaft side by side
and revoluble alternately in opposite directions said plates carrying stirrers or agitators
with self adjusting scrapers.
As shown in Figs. 7 and 8 the shaft a is lodged in the trough b and carries
drumsic and c¹ on which are secured the stirrers d and d'. The plate c rigidly connected
to the shaft revolve with the latter in the direction of arrows 1, while the drum c
which are loose on the shaft are caused to revolve in the opposite-sense as indicated
by arrows 2, by the pinions f Fig. 8.
In order to mechanically deliver the drying material of the primary liquid moisture
prior to its delivery into the drying apparatus proper, the centrifugal device shown in
Figs. 3 and 4 Sheet II may be employed in lieu of the rollers illustrated in Figs. 1
and 2 Sheet I.
In this latter case the material to be dried is fed into the funnel 12, passed through
worms m² and n² into the centrifugal basket o² and is continually discharged through
the inclined tube p². The liquid thrown off falls into the reservoir g³ and leaves the
same at 13, whereas any fine inealy particles accumulate and are detained in the said
reservoir.
For the purpose of allowing grains or other returns from breweries or distilleries,
after having been dried in the improved apparatus, to be worked into solid cakes
serving as fodder for cattle or other use a hydraulic or similarly acting press may be
placed in connection with the drying apparatus, in which press the material to be
dried if necessary with admixture of vegetable or other suitable binding means, for
instance oil cakes, molasse, is formed into fodder cakes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1) An apparatus for drying granular, pasty or thick-liquid material consisting of
a suitable number of superposed quadrangular inclined drying chests or one such
chest, each having a heating chamber or heating chambers in combination with a
carriage or frame carrying movable scrapers or shares and adapted to move to and
fro from side to side over the inclined surface, for the purpose of causing the drying
material to be moved within the required time down over the heating surface of the
chest or plate, substantially as illustrated and described.
2) In drying apparatus, for the purpose of effecting a preliminary removal of
moisture from the drying material, the application of a roller device ce chiefly consist-
ing of a plain cylinder and a cylinder, adapted to be heated, substantially as set
forth.
3) In drying apparatus, for the purpose of effecting an automatic supply to the
apparatus of the material to be dried, throwing off moisture, preserving fine mealy
substances and attaining an automatic feed of the drying material to the drying
contrivance proper, the application of a centrifugal device, Figs. 3 and 4, consisting, of
worm m² and n², discharge tube p² and centrifugal basket o³, substantially as illustrated
and described.
4) In drying apparatus, for the purpose of effecting a highly extensive additional
drying of the material within a limited space, the application of a supplementary drying
contrivance, Figs. 5 and 6, consisting of a plain-sided or double-sided trough which
encloses a revoluble shaft formed of a number of lenticular or convex concentric disks

page_text: or bodies and surrounded by a revoluble drum, which carry stirrers and spades placed
worm-fashion serving to turn and move the drying material towards the discharge
side, substantially as set forth.
5) In drying apparatus for granular or other material, the application of agitators
or stirrers lodged side by side on a common shaft and adapted to revolve in opposite
directions relatively to each other during the revolution of the shaft, substantially
as set forth.
6) The drying apparatus forming the subject of claims 1 to 5, in combination with
an hydraulic or similarly acting press serving for shaping the dried material mixed
with vegetable or other suitable binding means, for instance oil cakes, molasse into
fodder cakes.
SIGMUND
SECKENDORF.
By Huelser & Co.,
142, Fleet Street, London, Attorneys.