Improvements in the Forging, Welding, and Working of Hoops, Rings, Tyres, Links, Pipes, and Continuous Forms, and in Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 24th May, 1892-Accepted, 25th June, 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Forging, Welding, and Working of Hoops,
Rings, Tyres, Links, Pipes, and Continuous Forms, and in
Apparatus therefor.
A communication by CHARLES L. COFFIN, of Detroit, in the County of Wayne,
and State of Michigan, United States of America, Chemist.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S. M.I.M.E., of the Agency for
Foreign Patent Solicitors, 6 Lord Street, Liverpool and 6, Bank Street
Manchester, both in the County of Lancaster, and 323 High Holborn in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention consists in a process and apparatus for forging, welding and
working hoops, rings, tyres, links, pipe, and continuous forms, hereinafter fully
described and claimed.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the complete machine with a hoop in position for
welding;
Figure 2 a side elevation of Figure 1;
Figures 3 and 4 views similar to Figures 1 and 2, showing simply the hoop and
conductors; and
Figures 5 and 6 side elevations (similar to Figure 3) showing a slight variation
in the arrangement of the conductors.
A, represents a table upon which the various parts of the machine are supported.
B represents an arm above the table in which is carried a plunger O, which is
provided with a lever Q for forcing the plunger down against the action of a spiral
spring S, which constantly tends to raise the plunger. P represents a link by
which the lever Q is pivoted to the frame B, to permit the plunger O to travel in
a straight line. To the bottom of the plunger O is attached a block I of
insulating material, and to this block are attached two conductors C and E,
insulated from each other and preferably tipped with a non-welding material such
as carbon, this tip being indicated in the drawings. C'E' represent conductors by
which the conductors C and E are connected with the poles of a generator of
electricity. D represents a conductor whose resistance is preferably as little as, or
less than that of conductors C and E, and is fastened to the table A, but insulated
therefrom by insulating material I. The ends of conductor D lie opposite the
ends of conductors C and E, so that when said conductors C and E are depressed
they will make contact with conductor D, and the ends of conductor D. are
preferably tipped with a non-welding material like the ends of conductors C and E.
JJ represent two arms each of which is pivoted to the table A, and each of these
arms is provided at its upper end with any suitable form of clamp, represented
at K and K', which clamps should be insulated (indicated by a black line in the
drawing) from the arms on which they are carried. L L' represent the two links
of a toggle-joint which connects the lower ends of arms J J, and M represents a
connecting rod by which the toggle-joint is connected with a treadle N. H represents
a hoop or tire.
The operation of the invention is as follows:-
The conductors C and E being raised, and the treadle N being also at the upper
end of its stroke, a hoop H is inserted in the clamps K K', so that its ends rest
over the ends of conductor D, as shown in Figure 1. By means of lever Q, con-
ductors C and E are now depressed until they clamp the ends of hoop H between
themselves and the ends of conductor D. A current is now turned on passing
through conductor C, hoop H, conductor D, hoop H, and conductor F, thereby

page_text: heating the end of the hoop to a welding temperature. As soon as this is accom-
plished, the conductors C and E are raised by releasing the lever Q, and the
treadle N.is depressed, thus forcing the ends of hoop H together to form the weld,
which may be completed by rolling or hammering or in any desired manner. The
low resistance of conductors C, D, and E, is intended to prevent diversion of the
current from conductors C and E around through the hoop instead of passing
directly from conductor C to conductor D, and this may be further avoided by
arranging conductor D in one of the modes shown in Figures 5 and 6, in which the
conductor D is approximately parallel with the hoop or other article to be welded,
so that the passage of an alternating current through conductor D induces a
reverse current in hoop H, thereby diminishing the tendency of the current to
traverse the hoop instead of the conductor D, while a continuous current in the
arrangement shown in Figure 5, tends to repel the current seeking to pass through
hoop H.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a machine for electrically welding, working or forging hoops, the com-
bination of pivoted clamps for holding the ends of the hoop, a toggle joint for
moving said clamps, a stationary bridging conductor, and a movable frame carrying
two conductors insulated from each other and respectively connected with the
opposite poles of a generator of electricity, substantially as shown and described.
2. In a machine for electrically working, welding or forging hoops, the com-
bination with two conductors connected with the poles of a generator of electricity
and adapted to make contact with the ends of the hoop, of a conductor connecting
the ends of the hoop and approximately parallel with the hoop, substantially as
shown and described.
Dated this 23rd day of May 1892.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.