matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS POR MAKING HAY AND HARVESTING CORN AND SEEDS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Lamb Hancock at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 29th May 1869.
I, JAMES LAMB HANCOCK, of Ley Hill, Sutton Coldfield, in the
County of Warwickshire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS POR MAKING HAY AND
HARVESTING CORN AND SEEDS," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is the construction of an apparatus for
under running, lifting, and turning over grass, and other crops after
they are cut and are lying in swaths.
The Invention consists in constructing the apparatus of a plate
formed with a point at its front end, and its back end with a scries of
prongs or bars which are bent upwards and curved in such a manner
that they form a surface similar to a mould board of a plough. There
is another curved bar which springs from one side of the plate and
terminates over the ends of the bars first mentioned in order to incline
the crop as it passes over the plate to one side only of the apparatus,
and to cause it to fall on to the ground on the opposite side of the

page_text: apparatus to which the horse is walking. From the back or other
convenient part of the plato a curved or arched bar is carried, having
at its outer and lower end a shoe or sliding plate. To this curved or
arched bar the horse or other animal is attached for drawing the
apparatus along the field.
In some cases I dispense with the shoe or sliding plate and attach
another apparatus to the curved or arched bar, so that the two apparatus
may turn over the crops of two swaths at the same time.
I also in some cases construct the apparatus in such a manner that the
swaths of cut crops shall be turned over towards cach other, in which
case they would fall in a line behind the horse as it travelled and would
thus form windows. Or the two apparatus may be fitted to the curved
bar so as to turn over the crops in the same direction.
When windows are formed I sometimes employ a saddle attached
to the front of the apparatus or curved bar on to which the crops
aro laid; by this means I produce an alley or tunnel through the
windows.
In some cases I employ a dish or pan in connection with the apparatus
for collecting the seeds which are shed from the cars while being turned
over.
IMPROVEMENTS IN EXHAUSTING, DRAWING, OR DRAINING THE GAS FROM COAL AND COAL MINES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Faulkner at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
September 1869.
I, JOHN FAULKNER, of the City of Manchester, in County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN EXHAUSTING, DRAWING, OR DRAINING THE GAS FROM COAL
AND COAL MINES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to drain off the gas in coal and coal
mines previous to or at the time of getting the coal, for the purpose of
rendering the mine so safe that naked lights can be used, and I attain
this object by affording every facility for the gas to escape and to be
drawn off by fans, turbines, exhaust pumps, heat, or other mechanical
Where gas is known to exist I tap or drill holes in the wall
and connect pipes to the holes and then exhaust the gas by the means.
before mentioned. I tap known blowers with a large hole either in-the
solid or at the fracture, but prefer the solid as there is more certainty in
governing the escape, and when it is unsafe for the gas to enter the ordinary
air courses, I provide pipes, sewers, or passages to allow it to flow away
to a safe place, or to be collected in chambers and then drained off in
non-working hours or otherwise as convenient. If a blower or quantity

page_text: of gas be hit upon in tapping or drilling, and it is sufficiently far
to work at the front of it, I stop up the holes to prevent the escape
of the gas, or when the holes are drilled at the sides I attach pipes
to them and drain off the gas by the means before mentioned. Wherever
blowers exist, or where tappings are made that give gas, I apply suitable
pressure gauges to the blowers or tappings to indicate the pressure that
exists, and to these gauges I connect alarums when required. In very
gassy mines I form chambers for the reception of the gases, and bore
from the surface of the earth holes into the chambers to allow the gas
to escape at the surface or be collected in suitable reservoirs to be after-
wards consumed or employed as required. Or I use the gas so collected
for lighting the mains and workings of the mine.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING VESSELS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Witty at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
September 1869.
I, DAVID WITTY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS
FOR PROPELLING VESSELS," to be as follows:-
The Invention consists principally of a kind of paddle wheel which
adds greatly to the buoyancy of the vessel, and is applicable for pro-
pelling the same both on land and water, so that boats or other vessels
furnished with these wheels could be run on to or off the beach or
shore with facility, and easily pass over sand banks or other similar
obstructions.
The wheel consists of a hollow body of metal or other suitable material
of a flat elliptical section revolving on an axis passing through its shorter
or conjugate diameter, being divided internally into water-tight com-
partments and provided externally with radial fins commencing at a
point near the centre of motion and widening outwards, but stopping
short of the extreme circumference of the wheel. It is proposed to

page_text: mount the the boat or vessel on four of these wheels, the outer circum-
ference of which will serve as wheels for running the vessel on land, and
the fins for propelling the same on or through the water, at the same
time that the wheels being hollow and both air and water tight will
greatly increase the buoyancy of the vessel and prevent its liability to
be overturned or capsized. The diameter of the wheels and the position
of the axes are so proportioned to the size of the boat or vessel that when
the outer circumference of the wheel runs on the land the keel of the
vessel is carried clear of the surface.
As an auxiliary to the propelling power I also propose that each wheel
shall be provided with a ring fitting on to its largest circumference and
provided with floats or paddles, which when the vessel is in deep water
can be readily placed on the wheel and fastened thereon with bolts,
thumbscrews, or other similar means, and can as readily be removed
when the vessel reaches shallow water.
For small boats the wheels may be driven by cranks turned by
manual labor, and for larger vessels they may be driven by steam or
other power.
For small boats where only two of these wheels are required I propose
to provide a third wheel fitted in a light frame, which can be easily fixed
at the bow or stern, to steady the boat on land or when being beached or
launched.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PHOSPHATE OF AMMONIA
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Melville Clark at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th August 1869.-A communication from abroad by Lucien
Henri Blanchard, retired Merchant, of 13, Boulevart St. Martin,
Paris.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PHOSPHATE OF
AMMONIA," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of crystallized phosphate of
ammonia. In order to obtain this result I take bones calcined to
whiteness, mineral phosphates, or any other phosphates of lime, reduce
them to a fine powder, and then treat them with dilute sulphuric acid.
I first prepare the bath of acid and then project therein the bones or
mineral phosphates in powder in small quantities, the mixing being
effected at same time. For example, in treating 220 lbs. of bone dust
the bath of acid would consist of about 88 gallons of water and 154 lbs.
(about) of sulphuric acid, at 66 degrees Beaumé. It will be under-
stood that the amount of sulphuric acid employed for attacking the

page_text: phosphates of lime is in proportion to the richness of said phosphates.
The proportions above given apply to ordinary bone dust. The acid is
allowed to act for about twenty-four hours, after which warm water
is added, and the whole stirred and allowed to settle. The liquid portion
is then removed and replaced by fresh water, and so on until the
exhaustion of the acid phosphate of lime contained in the magma takes
place. The washing waters are evaporated and concentrated until they
mark about 25 degrees Beaumé; they are then allowed to settle for
a few hours, the clear portion being decanted and decomposed by the
aid of sulphuric acid. The clear liquid portion consisting of phosphoric
acid at 25 degrees Beaumé is evaporated and concentrated until it
marks from 28 to 29 degrees. In this condition and while cold the
precipitation of the phosphoric acid is effected by the aid of liquid
ammonia in the proportion of about one part of pure ammonia to two
parts of phosphoric acid.
The above primary operation on the phosphates of lime (which also
contain magnesia) produces a crystallized salt consisting of pure
ammoniaco-magnesian phosphate of a yellowish white color. By
adding a fresh quantity of liquid ammonia to the mother waters
resulting from the first operation above described, a second crystallized
salt is obtained by precipitation, consisting of phosphate of ammonia
in a perfectly pure state and of a white color. These two products are
applicable for various industrial purposes and also in pharmaceutical
chemistry.
The third and final operation consists in evaporating the resulting
mother waters until crystallization takes place, when crystallized
phosphate of ammonia is obtained containing the impurities usual in
phosphates of lime which give it a greyish tint. These impurities
consist of inert matters in very small quantities, the product being
applicable for use in agriculture.
A NEW OR IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT OF APPARATUS FOR FORCING AND PROJECTING LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Robertson, William
Leckie Graham Wright, and James More, at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 7th December
1869.
We, DAVID ROBERTSON, Iron Merchant, WILLIAM LECKIE GRAHAM
WRIGHT, Engineer, and JAMES MORE, Machinist, all of Glasgow, in the
County of Lanark, North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT OF APPARATUS FOR
FORCING AND PROJECTING LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS," to be as follows, that is to
say:-
This Invention, which relates to the forcing and projecting of liquids
or fluids for purposes wherein a steady and continuous jet of the liquid
or fluid is required, such, for instance, as in the extinguishing of fires
and in various other processes or operations, consists in the combination
of an instrument known as the "injector" with a vessel or chamber.
By means of the injector, which is attached by a pipe to the vessel or
chamber, water or other liquid or fluid is forced into the vessel or
chamber through the action in the injector of steam from a boiler, or of

page_text: compressed air or other fluid escaping through the nozzles therein
from a reservoir; a pump is also applied to the vessel or chamber, so
that air or other gas may be compressed therein to any required extent,
and which acts upon the water forced in by the injector.
The apparatus herein-before set forth may be used in conjunction with
stationary, portable, marine, locomotive, or other boilers, it being further
explained that the vessel is provided with one or more directing pipes,
nozzles, or roses through which the fluid or liquid projected is discharged
in any direction.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ADHERENT STOPPERS APPLICABLE TO EVERY SPECIES OF BOTTLE
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Hilaire Violet at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th November 1869.
I, HENRY HILAIRE VIOLET, of Tours, Department of Indre et Loire,
in the Empire of France, Apothecary, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ADHERENT STOPPERS APPLICABLE
TO EVERY SPECIES OF BOTTLE," to be as follows:-
My improved stopper is composed essentially of an india-rubber tube
intended to be fitted hermetically on the neck of the bottle; this tube is
attached to a plate of metal in the middle of which is a metal tube bent
to a certain shape and having at its end a self-closing valve.
Such are the main characteristics of my stopper, which I will now
describe in detail, referring to the accompanying Sheet of Drawing
forming part of this my Provisional Specification.
Fig. 1 shows my improved stopper applied to a bottle and open;
Fig. 2, same closed.
A, A, is the india-rubber tube of a suitable size and thickness, which
is to be secured by its own clasticity on the neck of the bottle; B, B, is

page_text: the metal plate, on which I fix the india-rubber tube by riveting, glueing,
or otherwise; this plate has a hole in the middle for the passage of the
liquid; C, C, is the metal tube soldered in the middle of this plate;
D is the valve, which by means of the small hinge E opens under the
pressure of the liquid contained in the bottle or by simply inclining
the bottle, and closes again when the bottle is in its normal position;
G, G, is the other side of the tube on which the lid closes almost
hermetically; its inclination is more or less great to permit the liquid
which has been unable to flow out to run back into the bottle. I may
elect to place the valve in the interior of the apparatus, or to make the
valve by means of a ball or tap, and also to place it inside the stopper.
To keep the liquid from escaping if the bottle is upset and to close it
completely I sometimes apply a spring valve on the opening of the plate
to which the india-rubber tube is fitted.
My apparatus may be made of a single piece cast in moulds and
its shape may vary. The tube, for example, may be curved instead of
straight; in other cases it may be triangular and in some instances
square.
The apparatus may also be made of other substances than metal, such
as wood, glass, or crystal, or even partly of metal and partly of glass,
and I may even use cork.
Ax. IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SHAMPOOING AND WASHING THE HEAD
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Mark Langdon Winn at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd November 1869.
I, MARK LANGDON WINN, of San Francisco, California, United States
of America, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Ax.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SHAMPOOING AND WASHING THE HEAD," to be as.
follows:-
The nature or essence of my Invention consists. in providing an
apparatus as herein-after fully described by which the water or other
liquid used in shampooing and washing the head is kept from running
down upon the face and neck.
To form my shampooing apparatus a rim or bottomless pan is made to
fit the head as nearly as may be below the principal part of the hair, and
a trough or gutter is adapted to fit the head just below the rim, and
provided with a strap to secure it in place. These parts may be made
of thin gutta percha or other suitable material, and the trough may
be partially filled with sponge or other porous substance to absorb
readily the liquid that may escape from the rim; this sponge should be

page_text: wet before using and the superfluous water pressed out, as it will not so
readily absorb a liquid when dry. To support and steady the rim I make
two standards, one for each shoulder, having a cross piece on the lower
end to rest upon the shoulder, while the upper part passes into straps or
staples on the side of the rim. Holes are made in one or both of these
straps and in the standards for the purpose of connecting the rim and
standards together in the proper relative position by means of a pin,
Water, soap suds, or any shampooing fluid may be poured upon the head
within the rim and a brush or mop of sponge or other suitable material
used in it to olean the head. To discharge the liquid as well as the
rinsing water subsequently applied a spout or short pipe projects from
the rim, which may be connected by a flexible tube to a sink or other
receptacle. An elastic strap should be placed around the head to hold
up the hair intended to be included within the rim previous to the
application of the rim itself.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING SHIPS, ALSO PARTLY APPLICABLE AS HOISTING TACKLE, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Taylor at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
January 1869.
I, JAMES TAYLOR, of Britannia Works, Birkenhead, in the County
of Chester, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING SHIPS, ALSO
PARTLY APPLICABLE AS HOISTING TACKLE, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES," to be
as follows:-
One part of my Invention has reference to improved arrangements for
applying auxilliary screw power to sailing vessels. For this purpose I
hinge to the sides of the vessel arms or levers, to the ends of which are
attached screw propellers worked by means of air or hydraulic engines
applied direct thereto, to which the air or water under pressure is con-
veyed through flexible or jointed pipes passing from a suitable pumping
engine on board over the side of the vessel and down to the engines;
or the propellers may be worked by endless chains, ropes, or bands
passing over a pitch wheel on the shaft of the propeller, and worked
from a steam winch, crane, or other engine on deck arranged to turn on

page_text: a turntable, so that by lowering such arms or levers with the screw
propeller into the water against the side of the ship, and driving the
screws by the air or hydraulic engines, or by the endless chains, the ship
may be propelled when becalmed. When the screw propellers are not
required the arms or levers are raised up out of the water into an
upright position, and serve as davits or shear legs for raising, lowering,
and suspending the ship's boats, and they may also be employed as
hoisting tackle for raising or lowering goods to and from the vessel.
Another part of my Invention consists in working screw propellers by
separate high and low pressure steam engines placed in the bow or stern
of the vessel, so that when great propelling, power is required the pro-
peller may be worked by both engines combined, but when less power
is required the one or the other engine is disconnected from the screw
propeller.
Another part of my Invention. consists in constructing screw pro-
pellers with jointed blades so arranged that when not required they fold
up and allow the propeller to be drawn into a chamber.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HYDRAULIC TRAVELLING CRANES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Baumann at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th January 1869.
I, ALEXANDER BAUMANN, of Cecil Street, Strand, in the County of
Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HYDRAULIC TRAVELLING
CRANES," to be as follows:-
For the purpose of supporting the apparatus herein-after mentioned
a bed plate carrying a crane jib is provided, the bed plate being so
arranged as to turn round a crane post, which latter is fixed to a
carriage so as to form a travelling crane. On the bed plate is placed
a steam boiler with one or more steam pumps connected to it, which
pumps are so constructed as to throw water as soon as the cock or valve
of the water delivery pipe is opened, as is the case with many direct-
acting steam pumps now in use. When the delivery cock or valve is
open the steam pumps throw the water which is drawn from á tank
placed on the bed plate into one or more cylinders provided with pistons
or rams working therein, and which are moved by the pressure of the
water, and have rods connected directly or by means of pulleys to the

page_text: chain which passes over the jib, and to which the weight to be lifted
is attached. By preference one or two steam pumps of sufficient
dimensions to throw in one stroke the quantity of water necessary for
one lift is ar are employed, the same not being worked at a great speed.
A special cylinder is also provided in which a piston works, the latter
being moved by the pressure of the water thrown by the pumps. The
last-mentioned pistan is furnished with a piston rod connected to a
chain which is passed round the crane post, so as to swing the crane
round its post. In order to lower the weight the water which is thrown
by the pumps
into the lifting cylinder or cylinders is slowly exhausted 1
by means of cocks or valves into the tank, from which it is taken again
by the pump or pumps when wanted. The same contrivance is used
for the exhaust water of the swing cylinder.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINDLES OR FLYERS USED FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING FLAX, COTTON, SILE, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Charles Addy at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 1st November 1869.
I, ROBERT CHARLES ADDY, of Lisburn, in the County of Antrim,
Ireland, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINDLES OR FLYERS USED FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING
FLAX, COTTON, SILE, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the spindles, bobbins, and flyers, and consists
in improved arrangements for enabling the bobbins to be readily changed
and the power required for driving to be lessened.
I employ non-revolving tubular spindles, and place on each spindle a
neck or tube, on which is placed a warve carrying one or more arms to
be used as flyers, and on each spindle there is a collar or seating on
which the bobbin rests, there being in the interior of the bobbin a tube

page_text: fitting the spindle, and the drag is given to the bobbin either by a weight
at the top or other convenient manner. When the machine is at work
the warves and flyers revolve and the yarn or thread turns the bobbins,
which bobbins traverse up and down to lay on the thread.
AN IMPROVED STOP MOTION AND REGULATOR FOR STEAM PUMPS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Nowton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th January 1869.-A communication from abroad by Charles
8. Westland, of Providence, in the State of Rhode Island, United
States of America.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED STOP MOTION AND
REGULATOR FOR STEAM PUMPS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved method of regulating and
stopping the motion and action of pumps driven by steam, and is designed
more especially to shut off the steam from the engine when from any
accidental cause the pump should cease to work.
The Invention consists in providing a cylinder and piston which shall
be in communication with the air chamber, or with any pipe or vessel
from which the pressure of the water produced by the pumping engine
may be made to act on the piston of the small additional regulating
cylinder. The rod of this piston is connected by a link motion to and

page_text: made to operate the induction valve of the engine, so as to shut off or let
on the steam as may be required. A coiled spring will keep the regu-
lating piston down, so that when the pressure of the water is removed
from its under side the piston will be forced down, and will thereby cut
off the steam from the engine, but when the pump is at work it will 5
force up the piston and compress the spring, thereby opening the induc-
tion valve and allowing steam to enter the cylinder of the engine.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING COMMUNICATION BETWEEN PASSEWOERS AND GUARDS OF RAILWAY TRAINS AND SIGNALLING ON RAILWAYS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Edwards at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
January 1869.
I, JOHN EDWARDS, of 157, Richmond Road, Hackney, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING COMMUNICATION
BETWEEN PASSEWOERS AND GUARDS OF RAILWAY TRAINS AND SIGNALLING ON
RAILWAYS," to be as follows:-
My improvements consist in the application of a tube, rope, or wiro
with clastic connections to the carriages of a train suspending a weight
at the ends; this tube, rope, or wire is jointed where required, and in
order to signal the guard it is only needful to break the joint and set
tho weights at liberty and allow them to fall causing a bell to ring.
Also in placing a piece of paper with known characters on it over the
part to be moved to give the signal, which paper must be torn before the
signal can be given; this same plan is applicable where electricity is
used as the communication. Also in the application of a rope to the
carriages working over suitable pullics, which rope is attached to a

page_text: weight working either on an incline or perpendicularly to take in the
slack of the rope, and ring a bell in the guard's van. Also in the
'application of a safety alarm signal to level crossings on railways; this
alarm is connected to and worked with the distant signal, and if a train
should pass the distant signal by mistake the alarm is given by the
engine coming in contact with it.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE GRINDING OF THE KNIVES OF HARVESTING MACHINES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Vincent Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 28th July 1869.-A communication from abroad by Charles
Coventry and William Boynton, both of Auburn, in the State of
New York, United States of America.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR
FACILITATING THE GRINDING OF THE KNIVES OF HARVESTING MACHINES," to be
as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in the means for presenting
the knives of harvesting machines to and holding them in contact with
grindstones. On the frame of the grindstone and at either end thereof
a platform is affixed to receive the apparatus for holding the knives.
The platform is slotted to receive a clamping screw, by which a hori-
zontal plate is made fast thereto. To this plate an adjustable plate is
hinged, which serves as a strut to support the knife bar. On the face of
this plate, at right angles thereto, projects a segment plate, which stands

page_text: up against a similar plate on the horizontal plate before mentioned. A
segment slot is formed in these two segment plates to receive a clamping
screw, by means of which the adjustable plate is held at any desired
inclination. Connected by a bolt to the top of this adjustable plate is a bent
lever, the lower end of which is secured to the same plate by a regulating
screw, around which is placed a coiled spring which maintains the lever
(when required) in position. Around the bolt that connects the lever
with the top of the adjustable plate, and on one side of the lever is a
similar coiled spring, which allows of the lever receiving a lateral
movement. A clamping bar used to carry the knife bar and hold it in
contact with the grindstone is pivotted to the lever, and from the lever
projects an arm carrying a bowle which bears against the side of the
grindstone. Any wabbling therefore of the grindstone as it rotates will
be compensated for by the knife bar moving correspondingly endwise.
The knife bar is held between an upper and lower bar, and secured in
position by clamping screws, but so that it is free to turn on the pivot
screw which connects it with the lever, as before mentioned. Instead of
this arrangement for holding the bar, clamps may be used which fit
onto and are capable of sliding upon a bar pivotted to the lever aforesaid
or supporting apparatus. The clamps will be fixed on the bar by thumb-
screws, and the knife bar will be held in the clamps by similar screws.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MECHANISM OR MACHINERY FOR TRANSMITTING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Davies at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd
November 1869.
I, ROBERT DAVIES, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Plasterer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MECHANISM OR MACHINERY FOR TRANSMITTING MOTIVE POWER," to be as
follows:-
The object of this Invention is to provide means whereby reciprocating
motion obtained from manual power or from any convenient motor can
be transmitted, and at the same time converted into rotary motion.
For this purpose I fit the ends of two or more levers on pins, joints, or
hinges secured to a foundation or frame, and connect the said levers by
links to cranks, excentrics, or their equivalents formed on or attached to
a shaft. By power applied so as to cause the said levers to reciprocate
or vibrate the said shaft is made to rotate and transmit such power to the
required place for the desired purpose.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION 0? INDICATORS FOR INDICATING THE DISTANCE TRAVELLED BY CARTS, WAGGONS, CARRIAGES, OR VEHICLES OF DESCRIPTION
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Atkinson and Richard
Smith at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 14th April 1869.
We, THOMAS ATKINSON, Engineer, of Bell Street, and RICHARD SMITH,
Engineer, of Victoria Foundry, Bold Street, both of Preston, in the
County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION 0? INDICATORS FOR INDICATING THE
DISTANCE TRAVELLED BY CARTS, WAGGONS, CARRIAGES, OR VEHICLES OF
DESCRIPTION," to be as follows :--
In carrying out our said Invention we apply and use a suitable box or
casing fastened to the axle at a right or any other convenient angle
to the traversing wheel or wheels. This casing contains a suitable
train of wheels which work by friction, each of these or every alternate
wheel being covered with india-rubber, gutta percha, leather, paper,
or any other suitable material to produce the necessary friction. The
motion is communicated from the hob or nave of the traversing wheel
or wheels by a friction wheel or wheels (also covered with india-rubber,
gutta percha, leather, paper, or other suitable material), driven from the
periphery or disc of the hob either from one or more wheels. We

page_text: propose to use a vibrating shaft and worm (attached to the wheel or
wheels), at the opposite end, which is worked by a spring working into
a worm wheel, thence communicating motion to the train of wheels
which are driven by friction either upon flat or grooved surfaces.
Our Invention consists further in the use of a ratchet wheel and
spring to work the hand or hands by ratchet or friction; also in the use
of a dial blank or plate to register the number of miles actually
traversed by the cart, waggon, carriage, or other vehicle. We make
the bearings of wood, brass, or any other suitable material, and we use
either bevil, spur, or grooved wheels for the train of wheels on the
nave or hob, and a sliding box or casing to cover the friction wheel
that works on the nave or hob, and gives the first motion to prevent
persons from attempting to stop the apparatus from working.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINDLES AND FLYERS USED IN THE SPINNING AND PREPARING OF FLAX, TOW, HEMP, JUTE, WORSTED, WOOL, COTTON, SILK, AND OTHER FIRROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Hattersley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
February 1869.
I, THOMAS HATTERSLEY, of Leeds, in the County of York, Spindle
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINDLES AND FLYERS USED IN THE SPINNING AND PREPARING
OF FLAX, TOW, HEMP, JUTE, WORSTED, WOOL, COTTON, SILK, AND OTHER FIRROUS
SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
The Invention consists of an improved mode of fixing the flyer upon
the spindle by means of a clutch or catch made to fit into a corre-
sponding clutch or catch on the top of the spindle, instead of by means of
a screw as at present used. The form of this clutch or catch is such
that the flyer looks itself upon the top of the spindle by a slight turn
either to the right or left hand, so that the same spindle and flyer can be
used for right-hand as well as left-hand twist, and therefore my Inven-
tion does away with the necessity of having spindles with two threads on
the top, one a right-hand thread and the other a left-hand thread, and
two flyers to each spindle, with threads to correspond, as is frequently
the case in silk spinning.

page_text: There are other advantages of my Invention which are applicable to
spinning and preparing machinery generally, whether one thread or two
threads are used on the spindle. These are, that the flyer can be taken
off the spindle and replaced at "doffing" times much more quickly than
by means of a screw, and that the great loss and inconvenience caused 5
by the rapid wearing away of the screws on the spindles will be
obviated.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE DECORATION OR ORNAMENTATION OF METALS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Bristow Hunt at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th October
1869 A communication from abroad by Charles Besançon, of
Paris, Gilder.
I, BRISTOW HUNT, of No. 1, Serle Street, Lincoln's Inn, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE DECORATION OR ORNAMENTATION OF METALS,”
(a communication to me from abroad by Charles Besançon, of Paris,
Gilder,) to be as follows:-
The improvements which form the subject of the present Invention
relate to a means of producing by the aid of a battery, reliefs of greater
or lesser prominence on all decorative objects by the process referred to
in the Provisional Specification of George Davies lodged with his appli-
cation for Letters Patent on the 29th day of March 1867, No. 932.
These reliefs are produced upon all metals, and more especially upon
gold and silver, without requiring the employment of brushes and simply
by a coating of copper deposited by means of the battery.
The process is as follows:-After having covered the piece to be
decorated with a coating of suitable varnish the design is to be drawn

page_text: or traced, removing the varnish from those parts which are to be in
relief by means of a suitable tool, and the article being then plunged in
the galvanic. bath a coating of copper is deposited on all the parts
exposed by the action of the tool, to which deposit such a thickness is
given as will produce the required relief. These reliefs having been
thus given the articles are to be finished in the manner described in the
Provisional Specification before alluded to.
The novelty of the Invention consists in the means above described of
producing by the aid of a battery reliefs or prominences of any required
thickness on all metallic articles or objects to be decorated.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FELT CARPETING, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR Apparatus EMPLOYED FOR SUCH MANUFACTURE
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Mitchell at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th
February 1869.
I, WILLIAM MITCHELL, of Stacksteads, in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF FELT CARPETING, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR Apparatus
EMPLOYED FOR SUCH MANUFACTURE," to be as follows :-
This Invention relates, firstly, to making felt carpeting with three
layers or slivers, the central one of which is of an inferior or different
material to the front and back layers, which latter may be both of the
same quality or material or also different from each other.
In carrying out this part of my Invention I employ three separate
carding engines and folders arranged side by side or otherwise, and each
delivering its own slivers on to the same "batt cloth" but superposed,
that is, one over the other, so that the upper one may be of fine wool,
the lower one of inferior wool, and the central or middle one of almost
any inferior or other fibrous material or mixture of materials. These
three layers of material thus superposed I pass together through one
hardening machine, which thus incorporates them into one fabric.

page_text: The second part of the Invention consists in the application of a re-
volving stripper consisting of a roller with wings or longitudinal pro-
jections for the purpose of stripping the fleece off the "sliver cloth"
" folder cloth," more particularly in those machines where compensating
rollers are used, as described in the Specification of former Letters Patent
granted to me and Thomas Mitchell, dated March 4, A.D. 1868,
No. 746.
The third part of the Invention applies to the hardening rollers used
in such machines (and more especially in making wide felts), and
consists, firstly, in building the said rollers up either in sections, so that
the end of the grain is always presented to the circumference or in
longitudinal strips or "lags" of various lengths so arranged as to break
joints and fastened on to tubes or rings of metal or other material; or,
secondly, in making them of cast iron and covering them with paper,
gutta percha, cement, or other suitable material or composition.
In- PROVEMENTS IN SPINNING AND TWISTING MACHINERY
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Dinsdale at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
January 1869.
I, JOHN DINSDALE, of Skipton, in the County of York, Spindle
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN SPINNING AND TWISTING MACHINERY," to be as follows:
My Invention relates to the spindles and flyers and has a threefold
object, viz., to economize time in the "doffing" of frames and in again
starting them, also to adapt one flyer to the twofold purpose of spinning
and twisting. For this purpose I dispense with the male and female
thread usual and make the upper end of the spindle (upon which the
flyer rests) of conical formation; I also place a pin on either side or
through the same. Corresponding recesses and conical formation in tho
flyer head admit of its passing the pins, and it rests upon the cone just
below the pins. The flyer head is also filed or cut down in a slope on
the upper edge on either side of each of the opposite recesses. When.
therefore the flyer is placed upon the spindle the least rotary motion
locks it fast whether to the left hand or the right for spinning or twisting
as effectually as if screwed, and more quickly.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING BANKERS' CHEQUES AND SIMILAR DOCUMENTS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hilary Nicholas Nissen at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th January 1869.
I, HILARY NICHOLAS NISSEN, of Mark Lane, in the City of London,
Engraver and Stationer, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING BANKERS' CHEQUES AND SIMILAR
DOCUMENTS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the surface printing of bankers' cheques,
drafts, and similar documents, and has for its object the prevention of
fraudulent alteration of such documents by the employment of ink or
color of such a nature and so applied as to be perfectly soluble and
yielding to any moist application.
manner,
By preference, but not of necessity, I employ paper, either white or
colored, with a highly glazed surface, on which I print in the ordinary
but with specially prepared ink or colour. In this prepara-
tion having ground my colour with glycerine, starch, flake white, or
a saccharine matter, preferably pure syrup without colour, or with
a mixture of any of the above ingredients, and in such proportions

page_text: as shall not detract from the brilliancy of the colour employed, by which
I am enabled to produce a perfectly soluble surface printing colour. I
make use of this easily soluble color in order that in the event of a
solvent being employed to tamper with the writing or document the
printed form shall at once shew the attempt at alteration.
In some cases as an additional protection I print upon chemically
prepared paper, such as paper prepared with perchloride of iron, according
to a Patent granted to me, bearing date 19th May 1860, No. 1228. At
the same time this new method of printing with soluble ink is equally
applicable to printing on plain white writing or printing paper of the
ordinary description, as upon paper prepared either in accordance with
my Patent above referred to, or upon any ordinary tinted or coloured
paper.
AN IMPROVED PORTABLE COFFEE MILL
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th May 1869.-A communication from abroad by Charles Frederic
Dietz-Monnin, of Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, HENRY EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lanc, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED PORTABLE COFFEE MILL,'
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved arrangement of portable coffee
mill more especially applicable for the use of soldiers on the march, who
have hitherto been obliged in order to obtain ground coffee to resort to
various expedients, or to carry with them the ordinary coffee mill, which
was inconvenient inasmuch as it increased the amount of baggage to
carry, and there being no regular place for them to be stowed away they
would never be at hand when wanted.
The object of the present Invention is to remedy this inconvenience,
which is effected by adapting the grinding apparatus to a mess bowl or
porringer to be carried by the soldiers when on the march, the bowl

page_text: serving as a receptacle for the ground coffee and a stand for the mill, as
well as a porringer or mess bowl when the grinding apparatus is not in
use, and may be removed therefrom. For this purpose the bowl is pro-
vided with a cover, which is fastened to it by clamps adjusted to handles,
the clamps having grooves for the reception of the handles, thus forming
a kind of bayonet joint which is fastened by slightly turning the cover
round. Under the cover is fixed a hopper having at its bottom a box or
casing for the grinding block. The axle of this block is supported by a
box below and by a collar above the cover. The position or elevation of
the block in its casing, according to the degree of fineness to which the
coffee is required to be ground, may be determined by means of an
adjusting screw and nut below. There is a space between the upper part
of the hopper and the lower part of the cover to admit a sliding disc,
which serves to close the orifice through which the coffee berries are fed
to the hopper. When the mill is not in use the handle which serves to
work it may be taken off its spindle and placed inside the bowl.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAIN PULLEY BLOCKS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Stuart at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th June
1869.
I, CHARLES STUART, of the City of Manchester, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAIN
PULLEY BLOCKS," to be as follows :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in chain pulley blocks
by means of which great power is gained, and consists in the use and
application of a worm and worm wheel and arrangement of toothed
gearing to such lifting blocks. The driving wheel or chain pulley is
keyed on the same shaft as the worm which works into a worm wheel;
this worm wheel gears in turn into another worm or spur wheel
mounted upon the same shaft or spindle as the lifting pulley, or the
worm wheel may by means of bevil gearing be made to turn the lifting
pulley, which in this case would be situated upon the driving shaft. A
spur wheel and pinion is also added, which may be thrown in and out of
gear when more or less power is required.

page_text: This Invention embraces what is technically known as the back gear
motion usually applied to lathes, and also the worm and worm wheel
action, and by such combination of mechanism a pulley block is con-
structed having great lifting power.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BEATING ENGINES FOR PREPARING MATERIALS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Augustus Kerr Bozzi Granville
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 6th April 1869.
I, AUGUSTUS KERR BOZZI GRANVILLE, of Sandford-on-Thames, in the
County of Oxford, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BEATING ENGINES FOR PREPARING MATERIALS FOR THE
MANUFACTURE OF PAPER," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in beating engines for
preparing materials for the manufacture of paper.
In order to reduce rags and other paper materials to half stuff and
pulp, a roller with cutting blades upon it revolving partially immersed
in a water tank or trough, and working close up to a stationary plate in
which other cutting blades are set, is now commonly employed. The
combination is known as a beating engine, and the rags or materials
are pulled to pieces and reduced to short fibre by passing between the
moving blades on the roller and the stationary blades of the plate.
According to my Invention I substitute a second roller for the
stationary plate, it revolves whilst at work, and the reduction of the
rag or material is effected by the opposing blades of the two rollers.

page_text: Also in beating engines the cutting blades are usually fixed to the
rollers so as to stand parallel to the axis.
According to my Invention I set the cutting blades spirally around
the roller, by which means the action of the machine is improved. This
part of my Invention is applicable when a stationary plate is employed
as heretofore, and also when two rollers working together are employed,
as herein-before mentioned. The plates on the two rollers are set, by
preference, at correlative angles, and on each roll form a correct helix.
When the plate is stationary (if such be employed instead of a second
roller) I prefer to set the bars in it at the same angle as that of the bars
on the roller.