AN IMPROVED METHOD OF PURIFYING AND CONCENTRATING THE COLOURING tr MATTER OF MADDER, MUNJEET, SPENT MADDER, OR ANY PREPARATIONS THEREOF, HOWEVER THEY MAY BE MADE
Year: 1853

page_text: In the Matter of a Patent granted to Edward Joseph Hughes, of the
City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Patent Agent, for
"AN IMPROVED METHOD OF PURIFYING AND CONCENTRATING THE COLOURING
tr
MATTER OF MADDER, MUNJEET, SPENT MADDER, OR ANY PREPARATIONS
THEREOF, HOWEVER THEY MAY BE MADE," bearing date the Twenty-ninth
day of November 1853, to which Letters Patent a Specification was
duly filed.
DISCLAIMER AND MEMORANDUM OF ALTERATION proposed to be
entered by the Patentee of the said Royal Letters Patent, according to
the Statute in that case made and provided.
WHEREAS in the Specification filed to the said Royal Letters Patent the
claim describes the mixture to be kept cool, or in other words, to avoid fer-
mentation as much as possible: And whereas, since the granting of the said
Royal Letters Patent, I, the said Edward Joseph Hughes, have discovered
that the said words do not convey the exact meaning I intended them to do;
I wish to disclaim them, and to insert in their stead the following words, "in

page_text: all stages of the process," which alteration will be more expressive, and will then
read thus, "being particularly careful to keep the mixture cool "in all stages
of the process." The degree and power of action of the acid on the fibrous or
other substances will depend on the strength of the acid used, and the time
occupied before adding the water to it. This process or principle is applicable
to extracting the coloring matter from printed goods as well as from dye stuffs.
Having thus described the nature and particulars of my said Invention, I
desire it to be distinctly understood that I do not confine myself to any par-
ticular degree of strength of the said acid, nor to any particular duration of
time for the material to be subjected to the process. But I claim the use of
sulphuric acid, either concentrated or diluted, for the purpose of extracting the
coloring matter from various substances, as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Joseph Hughes, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of June, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-four
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Edward Joseph
Hughes, in the presence of
WH YOUNG.
E: J. HUGHES. (L.s.)

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Joseph Hughes, of the City of Man-
chester, in the County of Lancaster, Patent Agent, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF PURIFYING AND CONCEN
TRATING THE COLORING MATTER OF MADDER, MUNJEET, SPENT MADDER,
Sealed the 19th May 1854, and dated the 29th November 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Joseph
Hughes at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 29th November 1853.
I, EDWARD JOSEPH HUGHES, of the City of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF PURIFYING AND CON-
CENTRATING THE COLORING MATTER OF MADDER, MUNJEET, SPENT MADDER,
OR ANY PREPARATIONS THEREOF, HOWEVER THEY MAY BE MADE," to be as
follows:-
I subject the material (madder,. munjeet, spent madder, or prepara-
tions thereof) on which I intend to operate to the action of strong
sulphuric or muriatic acid, and thus dissolve into a gummy or glutinous
substance the whole of the fibres whether of the dye, stuff, or printed

page_text: fabrics, which latter (say a piece of printed calico) being put into
sulphuric acid in a very short time the whole of the fabric becomes
dissolved into a gummy substance, the coloring matter of the print
falling to the bottom of the vessel, and the fibrous matter of the calico
swimming at the. top. I continue this.. operation for, such. length of
time as may be found requisite to attain the desired degree of purity
or concentration, avoiding as much as possible heating the stuff. When
this is accomplished, I add to the mass cold water in large quantities,
and so wash away or out the acid from the substance. If any difficulty
be found in discharging the acid by cold water only, the preparation,
or a portion of it, may. be subjected to a boiling or partly boiling
process.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Joseph Hughes in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 26th May. 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
EDWARD JOSEPH HUGHES, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Patent Agent, send. greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of November,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in
the seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Edward Joseph Hughes,
Her special licence that I; the said Edward Joseph Hughes, my execu-
tors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward
Joseph Hughes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
nny time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF PURIFYING AND CONCENTRATING THE
COLOURING MATTER OF MADDER, MUNJEET, SPENT MADDER, OR ANY PREPARA-

page_text: TION THEREOF, HOWEVER THEY MAY BE MADE," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Edward Joseph Hughes, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Royal Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Joseph Hughes, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement (that is to say):-
This Invention consists of defining more clearly and explicitly the
mode or method of purifying and concentrating the colouring matter
of madder, &c., as specified by me in a Patent dated the Eighth day of
October, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, and of extending
the principle of the said process to any preparation of the same or
similar materials, however they may be made. In the said Patent of
October, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, I claim the use
of acid and water as a mixture, but I find from experience that
sulphuric acid alone will effect the purpose required, and that the
process or operation may be extended to any preparations from madder,
spent madder, or munjeet, however such preparations may be com-
pounded. Therefore I now claim the process or operation of subjecting
madder, spent madder, or munjeet, or any preparations thereof, or any
materials containing any portion of the same, to the action of sulphuric
acid, either in its purely concentrated state or slightly diluted with
water, being particularly careful to keep the mixture cool, or, in other
words, to avoid fermentation as much as possible. The degree and
power of action of the acid on the fibrous or other substances will
depend on the strength of the acid used, and the time occupied before
adding the water to it. This process or principle is applicable to
extracting the colouring matter from printed goods as well as from
dye stuffs.
Having thus described the nature and particulars of my said Inven-
tion, I desire it to be distinctly understood that I do not confine myself

page_text: to any particular degree of strength of the said acid, nor to any par-
ticular duration of time for the material to be subjected to the process.
But I claim the use of sulphuric acid, either concentrated or diluted.
for the purpose of extracting the colouring matter from various sub-
stances, as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Joseph Hughes, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of May,
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
for the purpose of extracting the colouring matter from various sub-
stances, as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Joseph Hughes, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of May,
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
EDWARD JOSEPH HUGHES. (L.S.)
Signed, scaled, and delivered, by the
within-named Edward Joseph Hughes,
in the presence of
JOHN BLOODWORTII,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.