Improvements in Gas Lamps.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Jan., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 7th Feb., 1891-Accepted, 7th Mar., 1891
Improvements in Gas Lamps.
I THOMAS WILLIAM COWAN of No. 21 Moorgate Road Rotherham in the County
of York Gas Fitting Manager do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
The object of my invention is to provide a gas lamp which has high illuminating
power and which is economical and simple to manage, not requiring any expensive
accessories or skilled attention.
The lamp constructed according to my invention has two or more burners or jets
which are preferably flat flamed and inclined radially from a central gas chamber.
The inner sides of the flames from the said burners or jets are supplied with air
heated by passing in contact with a deflector placed close behind and above the
flames and so arranged that it is highly heated by radiation from the said flames
and by the heated products of combustion therefrom. The air thus supplied to the
inside of the flames is itself highly heated and causes the flames to expand and burn
with great brilliancy and steadiness the deflector acts also as a powerful reflector.
The illuminating power can be intensified and increased steadiness imparted to the
flames by collecting the products of combustion by means of a wide mouthed baffled
chimney or flue, thus causing the heated products to pass over (or through) the
upper side of the deflector. The highly heated condition of this deflector causes it
to be self-cleaning as all carbonaceous matter deposited is consumed. By a slight
modification and by placing an ordinary ventilating shaft above the chimney the
lamp will act as a perfect ventilating gas light.
It is found that the current created by the heated products passing through the
chimney has a tendency to elongate the flames and impart increased steadiness to them,
another advantage is that a current of cool air is drawn in by the exhaust taking
place in the annular space (or openings) between the deflector and the flue mouth
which mixes in the chimney with the heated products and lowers the temperature
before discharging it also keeps the outer edge or rim of the flue mouth compara-
tively cool enabling an ordinary annular shaped glass or enamelled reflector being
used without fear of injury. The same arrangement of burners and lamp parts can
be fed by a gas duct coming either from above or from below. The flames may be
enclosed in a globe or basin shaped glass if desired.
The deflector may be extended (and preferably bent downwards and then up to
form a bead at this extended part) so that it covers the mouth of the flue, openings
being made in the extended part of the deflector, through which the products of
combustion are drawn.
Dated this 16th day of Tony 1001
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents,

page_text: Improvements in Gas Lamps.
1 THOMAS WILLIAM COWAN of 21 Moorgate Road Rotherham in the County
of York Gas Fitting Manager do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is. to provide a gas lamp which has high illuminating
power and which is economical and simple to manage not requiring any expensive
accessories or skilled attention.
gas
The lamp constructed according to my invention has two or more burners or jets
which preferably give flat flames and are inclined radially from a central
chamber. The inner sides of the flames from the said burners or jets are supplied
with air heated by passing in contact with a deflector placed close behind and above
the flames and so arranged that it is highly heated by radiation from the said flames
and by the heated products of combustion therefrom. The air thus supplied to the
inside of the flames is therefore itself highly heated and causes the flames to expand
and burn with great brilliancy and steadiness the deflector acting also as a powerful
.reflector. The illuminating power can be intensified and increased steadiness be
imparted to the flames by collecting the products of combustion by means of a wide
mouthed baffled chimney or flue thus causing the heated products to pass over (or
through) the upper part of the deflector. The highly heated condition of this
deflector causes it to be self cleaning as all carbonaceous matter deposited is
consumed. By a slight modification and by placing an ordinary ventilating shaft
above the chimney the lamp will act as a perfect ventilating gas lamp. It is found
that the current created by the heated products passing to and through the chimney
has a tendency to elongate the flames and impart increased steadiness to them,
another advantage is that a current of cool air is drawn in by the exhaust taking
place in the annular space or openings between the deflector and the flue mouth
which cool air mixes in the chimney with the heated products and lowers the
temperature before discharging and it also tends to cool the outer edge or rim of
the flue mouth so as to enable an ordinary annular shaped glass or enamelled
reflector to be used without fear of injury. The same arrangement of burners and
lamp parts can be fed by a gas duct coming either from above or from below. The
flames may be enclosed in a globe or basin shaped glass if desired there being air
ways there through or past it to allow of the proper inflow of air to support
combustion.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing represents in vertical section a gas lamp
made according to my invention. I have shewn it as a lamp having six burners
but any desired number may be used. A is the suspended gas pipe by which the
gas is conducted into the gas chamber B from which project the sockets C. C.
carrying the gas burners c c which incline outwards and upwards. D is the
deflector E the chimney or flue and F the flue mouth or collector. The deflector D
is supported in the position shewn by any suitable means (it is shewn in the drawing
as being supported on the rim b of the chamber B and by the disc d) and extends
up along at the back of the flames and up over them. It may be made of any
suitable material such as porcelain, or enamelled metal. I do not limit myself to
the precise form shewn nor to any particular way of securing it in position, provided
that the deflector D is arranged as shewn in the drawing. The courses of the air
and of the products of combustion from the flames are shewn by the arrows.
The
chimney or flue E may be made of any suitable material such for instance as
porcelain or metal. The heated condition of the deflector D causes the consumption
of any carbon or deposit from the flames. Figure 1 shews a gap at G between
the deflector and the chimney base whilst Figure 2 shews the deflector extending

page_text: up to the said base and with holes g in it for the passage of the air and products of
combustion.
I have shewn the gas pipe A as extending from above but it may ascend from
below and enter the gas chamber B at the lower part if desired the upper parts
then being supported by an extension from above or from the gas chamber as may
be most convenient.
The lamp will act as a ventilator lamp if the chimney be led to outside the
apartment in which the lamp is used. The deflector D may be made in two or
more parts for readiness in fitting the lamp together.
It will be seen that the deflector D on account of its proximity to the flames is
heated by radiation from the said flames and by contact with the hot products of
combustion the air for supplying the inner sides of the flames becoming rarefied by
contact with the deflector and rising as shewn by the arrows.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination in a gas lamp of burners in proximity to a deflector D
disposed relatively thereto substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
described and shewn in the drawing.
2. The arrangement .and combination of parts constituting the gas lamp sub-
stantially as hereinbefore described and shewn in the accompanying drawings,
whether the gas be led thereto from above or from below and whether the deflector
be formed as shewn in Figure 1 or as shewn in Figure 2.
Dated this 7th day of February 1891.