Improvements in Interlocking Tubular Bricks for Chimney Flues, and in the Manufacture of the same.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Jan., 1995-Accepted, 23rd Feb., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by ETIENNE LACÔTE, Manufacturer, and
Dr. AUGUSTE LACOTE, Gentleman, both of 5, Rue Mazagran, Paris,
in the Republic of France.]
Improvements in Interlocking Tubular Bricks for Chimney Flues,
and in the Manufacture of the same.
I PHILIP ARTHUR NEWTON of The Office for Patents, 6 Bream's Buildings,
Chancery Lane in the County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The present invention relates to a novel construction of tubular bricks to be used
for building into chimneys, for the conveyance of smoke, the object being to
procure an advantage over those now existing, in point of elegance, resistance to
fire, and, above all, in the mode of putting them together in building up a flue or
chimney, which does not require any technical knowledge to set joints, which will
prevent the smoke passing from one conduit or flue to another, as often happens
with other systems of chimneys built with tubular bricks, when the joints are badly
made, or the earthenware breaks.
The subject of the present invention, which may be made of any shape whatever,
still has the advantage of being able to be placed in an arched or semi-arched wall
or a detached stack.
Tongue and groove joints may, if necessary, be employed in certain cases.
In the manufacture of these interlocking break-joint tubular bricks, it is
proposed to employ an improved mould, which may be adapted to all kinds of
presses, vertical, horizontal, or otherwise, whatever their form or system may be.
The mounting of the mould and its core will vary with the character of the press
or machine to which it is to be applied.
In order to enable this invention to be clearly understood, the annexed drawing
shews in general and detail views the tubular bricks and the mould used in their
manufacture.
Fig. 1 shews in perspective the new interiocking tubular brick in the form most
usually employed.
Fig. 2 shews part of a stack built of straight tubular bricks.
Fig. 3 shews part of a stack built of inclined tubular bricks.
Fig. 4 shews a central vertical section of the improved mould, the core (not
shown) being supposed to be lifted up clear of the mould.
Fig. 5 is a plan, the dic plate of the mould being removed, to shew the mechanism
of the mould.
In these two figures, the slides are disposed to form the rebated portion of the
straight tubular brick.
Fig. 6 shews an underneath plan view of the mould, the slides being in the
position required during the production of the larger portion of the tubular
brick; and
Fig. 7 shews in vertical section the mould, the slides being in the position for
forming the narrow part of an inclined or skew tubular interlocking brick.
In the different figures, the same letters of reference indicate the same parts.
A A' are beams of wood or other material, between which move the slides B B
carrying the knives 66, of steel wire, serving to form the narrow part of the
interlocking tubular brick.

page_text: +
These parallel beams A A' are tied together by a cross bar C and a band of
sheet iron or other material D (Figs. 6 and 7).
This latter serves also as a support for the lower slide B', when making the
inclined tubular brick.
The upper and lower slides B and B are supported and guided in their horizontal
to and fro movement by cast iron guides and '6', attached to the inner sides of
the beams A A¹.
The guides are used when making the straight tubular brick, and those
marked 6 6 when making the inclined tubular brick.
This angular adjustment of the knives may be made by any kind of cleat fixed
either on the beams A.A', or, on the die plate.
The lower slide B', when used for making the inclined tubes, rests upon a rod N,
which connects the two beams A A¹, and is fixed by a pin n.
G is the die plate of the mould proper, made of cast iron or other material, and
g is the core mounted on the central spindle of the press, or in any other convenient
manner.
This core may be mounted and carried in the press, to which the mould is to be
applied, in any suitable manner, and it may also be of round, oval, square, rectangular,
or other shape in cross section, as desired.
Moulds of rectangular or other form, for the manufacture of lateral interlocking
smoke conduits, either straight or inclined, may have applied to them one or more
formers or cutters to give them any desired shape, riz., with ears, round corners,
wings, &c.
In the manufacture of interlocking tubular flue bricks by the aid of this improved
mould, it is to be understood that the hollow flue bricks will be produced end to end
in a reverse sense.
The operation of the mould is as follows:-
When commencing the manufacture, by first producing the larger portion of a
straight interlocking tubular flue brick, the upper and lower slides B and B' will
be in the position indicated in Fig. 6.
The clay is then forced by the piston or cylinders of the press through the die
plate of the mould G, taking the form of the opening in the said die plate; it then
rests upon a movable table, which is allowed to descend under the weight of the
tubular brick in the course of manufacture, until an indicator (not shewn in
the drawing) notifies that the larger portion of the tubular brick has attained
the desired length, which in general will correspond to half the height of the
tubular brick..
At this moment, the slides B B₁ are gripped by their handles 26³, and given a
horizontal movement, so as to bring them into the position indicated in Figs. 4 and 5,
in order that the knives, carried by the slides B B', may cut away the
corners a a of the tubular brick, and form the rebated portion as the tubular brick
continues to descend.
When the rebated part of a tubular brick has been obtained of suitable length
for two bricks, the slides B B are drawn back into the position of Fig. 6, when
the larger portion of the tubular brick pertaining to the next succeeding brick-will
be produced.
The above operation may then be repeated until the desired quantity of the
tubular bricks are obtained.
When the tubular bricks, on leaving the mould, have attained sufficient length,
which may be indicated by a gauge adapted to the press, they are to be severed
from a mass of the material in the press by a knife consisting of a copper or other
wire mounted in a frame sliding on the framework of the press, as usual, or in any
other convenient manner.
The above described mode of operation applies to the manufacture of straight
tubular bricks, but when it is desired to manufacture inclined inclined or skew
tubular bricks, it will be necessary to change the place of the slides, so that they
may work on the inclined guides 6' 6', in place of on the horizontal ones bb.

page_text: In this position, the lower slide B' will be supported on one side of the mould by
the strip of iron D, and on the other side by the rod N.
The die plate and mould, and also the supporting table, will be inclined to the
desired angle at which the inclined or skew bricks are to be made.
The operation is then substantially the same as when making the straight tubular
bricks.
By changing the form of the mould, all descriptions of lateral interlocking break-
joint tubular bricks may be produced. By alternately working the slides B B',
tubular bricks of T or other shape may be produced.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
from abroad, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The laterally interlocking break-joint tubular brick for the construction of
straight or inclined flues and chimney stacks, as herein shewn and described.
2. The production of the improved interlocking break-joint tubular bricks in the
manner herein set forth.
This and do of L
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.