IMPROVEMENTS IN DEEP-BORING APPARATUS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, THOMAS PARSONS, of Melbourne House, St. Helens, Isle of Wight, in the
County of Hants, Clerk of Works, do hereby declare the nature of my said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DEEP-BORING APPARATUS" to be as follows:-
By my improvements in Deep Boring Apparatus, any depth may be bored
without disconnecting the rods, and piping may be performed as tho boring
progresses.
I fix the boring rod by catches to a winch which winch revolves upon a casting,
in which casting thero is a slot, and through said slot the boring-rod passes.
A chain attached to an augur on the side of rod, passes through aforesaid slot and
is fixed to the barrel of winch, so that to heave up the augur it is only necessary to
heave on winch and the augur is drawn up the sido of rods, thus obviating the
present necessity of disconnecting the rods, when desiring to change or replace the
boring tool
To the augur is attached a catch, which catch, when said augur is lowered, fixes
to a stud on bottom length of rods, and takes the whole weight of rods when
revolving. The augur, upon being drawn up, disconnects itself instantaneously
from the rod, and travels up the side of rods. “I also make use of "bits" provided
with cutters which cutters expand as soon as they are lowered down and attached
to bottom length; by this means, piping may be proceeded with as the boring
progresses. The cutter aforesaid is fixed just above the point of tool, and is
provided with a lever which serves to close same upon heaving on the winch.
I also construct special tools or cutters which may be fixed to contre of rods, as
well as, or instead of, to the side of rod as above described. These special tools or
cutters will cut quite true, through rock or iron, and are fitted in a bucket or
barrel surrounding the rod.

page_text: I THOMAS PARSONS of Melbourne House St Helens, Isle of Wight in the County
of Hants, Clerk of Works do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN DEEP BORING APPARATUS and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:--
My improvements relate more particularly firstly, to the ready and simple
manner in which I can put down tube wells and other borings to any depth and
through any description of strata under the ordinary boring rod system but with
any tools and appliances detachable from the boring rod and adapted for freely
sliding up and down the full length of same with an arrangement for interlocking
with the boring rod when lowered into their position for boring, instead of the
tools being fixed into and made a part of and parcel with the boring. rod itself as is
at the present time the practice followed.
Secondly-By the manner in which I construct my tools to bore and rimer out
the hole at one and the same time, thus enabling me so to put down the said
borings that the tubes or pipes for lining the bore hole can be inserted and made to
follow the tool inch by inch as the original boring proceeds, and the hole is deepened
without necessitating the withdrawal of the boring rod or boring tool to accomplish
this object.
The figures 1 and 2, sheet 1, which represent respectively front and end
elevations of one of my tools and apparatus, with section of ground at bore hole,
show a general arrangement whereby my tools are worked, and which may be
described as follows, viz, A, A is the boring rod placed in a perpendicular position
in which it is started and kept by a casting at B in which thero is a slot through
which the boring rod passes This casting, as the rod is turned round revolves in a
second casting fixed to a wood block, which is again secured to the platform of the
trestle or stage C.
As the boring proceeds and the tool D takes up the bored material until it is
filled to choking point and necessitates withdrawal for the purpose of being clearod
out, instead of having each time to lift the entire length of boring rod A, A,
through a height equal to the total depth bored, and at the same time go through
the operation of disconnecting the joints E, E of the several lengths of which the
boring rod is made up, and reuniting same after the tool has been cleared out
whilst lowering it again to its original position at the bottom of the bore hole, the
tool D only is removed, Figure 2, F, drawn up the rod A, A, by the chain G
temporarily attached and hooked by its end link to the winch barrel H or pulley
as the case may be, either arrangement being applicable, cleared, slipped down the
rod and is at work again in a few minutes according to the depth through which
it may have to be withdrawn.

page_text: The chain G which passes over a sheaf or wheel in the adjustable bracket J,
which is attached to the boring rod in any required position by gibs and cotters, as
shewn, is lengthened by special links in 10, 20 feet or other convenient lengths as
the depth of the boring increases and as soon as the tool D has been lowered into
its position again for boring, as herein before described, it is unhooked from the
winch barrel or pulley, as the case may be, hitched up in the bracket J as shewn in
figure 1, sheet 1, and goes round with the rod A, A, during the operation of boring,
and by this means is prevented from becoming entangled or twisted with same, and
allows of the boring rod itself being perfectly free when revolving. The chain also
by this means is always in position whenever the operation of boring ceases for
attaching to the winch barrel, or pulley, for raising or lowering the tools, and the
winch, or pulley, itself also remains in one position, and it is not required that the
winch should either be attached to the rod by catches or that it should revolve
with the rod as described in my provisional specification-and this is a modification
of that arrangement.
The tools are made and so arranged that in addition to the boring rod A, A,
which has a drill point fixed into its bottom length doing its share of the work
at K, they combine also two tools in one, viz, the borer D and the rimer or cutter L,
Figure 1, for enlarging the hole, all three being at work at one and the same time
when boring as against separate and distinct tools and borings to accomplish this
object under the ordinary fixed tool system.
By this combination of the tools for the bored tube well or for ordinary borings
where tubing or piping is necessary, the tube or pipe is enabled to follow the
boring as it proceeds, as the rimer or cutter L, Figure 1, which automatically falls
forward immediately that the tool D is lowered into its position for boring and
projects beyond the borer D, as shewn, and enlarges the hole to a greater diameter
than that of the outside of the tube or pipe itself, immediately that the strain of the
chain G, Figure 2, is put on the tool D by the winch H, or pulley, preparatory to
withdrawal from the bore hole, by the action of the lever M the rimer L at once
closes within the borer D and the tool D being then of a less diameter than that of
the inside of the tube Y is readily drawn up through same as shewn at F in
Figure 2.
Special tools are constructed for sliding up and down the boring rod, the rod
being central, as in Figures 5 and 6, sheet 2, as well as in pairs and singly on the
sides of the rod as shewn in figures 3 and 4, sheet 2, and with either round or
square rods, and for the different strata to be penetrated their forms and cutting
edges vary, but the principle of their working up and down the rods is similar in
all respects to that as shewn for the tools on sheet 2, and they will rimer out and
bore at one and the same time, and cut a true hole through rock or iron.
The tools and appliances for bringing up loose and saturated material from the
bore hole, for putting down or extracting tubes, for withdrawing boring tools, and
to meet any special circumstances are all detachable and adapted for sliding up and
down the boring rod on a similar principle as that shewn for the tools in sheet 2.
Figures 3 and 4, sheet 2, represent the manner in which the boring tools and
appliances are arranged when worked up and down upon the sides of a square
boring rod-Figure 3 shewing a front and Figure 4 a side view of a boring tool
having the strain of the chain upon it preparatory to lifting and withdrawing it up
the rod N, shewn broken off.-O, O, in this instance are two ordinary clay shell
augers, forming one tool, and secured together by the lugs P, P, which lugs also
form the guides for keeping the tool in its position whilst being slipped up and
down the boring rod. Ris the steel rimer or cutter for enlarging the bore hole and
is shewn closed within the boring tool. When the strain of the chain is off the tool,
this rimer, as already described, falls forward as shewn in the tool Figure 6 H, and
projects beyond the boring tool O, and at the same time the lever S drops and the
catch T falls under the stud U, which is fixed into the boring rod, and the tool is

page_text: then interlocked with the rod N and is prevented by the stud U from rising up the
rod during the operation of boring, tho pin V which falls behind the slot cut in the
boring tool at X preventing the rimer from closing, until the tool is again strained
by the chain, as it is shewn in Figure 4. The individual augers O, O, which form
the one tool, can be worked in pairs, as shown, or singly, and are also so arranged
that one of the augers O can be fixed or removed at pleasure by securing it to the
lugs P, P by means of set scrows.
Figures 5 and 6, sheet 2, represent the manner in which the boring tools and
other appliances are arranged when worked up and down upon round rods, the
boring rod being central with the tools. Figure 5 is a front and Figure 6 a side
view of a tool (the latter shewn with a portion of the shell removed) when the
strain of the chain is off the tool, and the tool is in position for actually boring.
A¹ is a short tube passing throug, and firmly secured to the boring tool B' at C¹
and D¹ with a forrule on its end as at El which interlocks with a stud Z¹ fixed into
the boring rod F and prevents the tool from rising up the rod during the operation
of boring. H¹ is the steel rimer or cutter for enlarging the hole and closes within
the tool B¹ immediately that the strain of the chain is put on for raising the tool
by the action of the lover K': M' is a catch which prevents the rimer from closing
during the operation of boring. The boring rod F' is shown broken off within the
tube A through which it passes.
Figures 7 and 8, sheet 2, represent respectively the side and front view of the
"jumper" for rock or hard ground, and for giving rapid percussive. blows
N¹ being a square boring rod, shewn broken off, and P¹ the "jumper "-R', R' are
lugs through which the rod passes having sufficient play to allow of tho "jumper"
being worked freely up and down by the chain G, Figure 2, sheet 1, to which it is
attached at S¹ by a shackle, the other end of the chain being secured to the end of
a lever about 4 ft 6 in in length. This lever at about 12 inches from the end to
which the chain is attached as described is secured to a light iron frame by a pin
which forms the fulcrum upon which it works, the iron frame again being
temporarily secured to the boring rod by means of gibs and cotters at any
convenient height above the ground level for the man to work tho lever.
As the boring rod N revolves, tho "jumper" P' also goes round with it and by
means of the chain and lever, as just described, the "jumper" is rapidly lifted and
dropped (the operation of working the "jumper" being substantially similar to that
of pumping by the raising and the lowering of the pump handle) and in this way
the "jumping" of the rock or hard ground is carried on at one and the same time
as boring is going on at the point W.
"Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
1 claim is "
.
1. The herein before described improved method and means of boring, and lining
the bore holes (when required) with tubes or pipes to any depth and through any
strata with tools and appliances detachable from and independent of the boring rod
and adapted for sliding up and down the full length of same, instead of their being
fixed into and made one with the boring rod, thus obviating the necessity of
removing the said rod from the bore hole, and the disconnecting and reuniting of
the joints of the several lengths of which it is comprised, each and every time that
the tool or cutter is withdrawn from or lowered into the hole for the different
purposes for which it has to be removed and replaced during the operation of
boring.
2. The herein before described combination of the boring. tools whereby they are
made to contain within themselves the rimer or cutter for enlarging the boro hole
at one and the same time as the original boring is being made and carried down,
and in such a manner, that when the boring ceases and the tool is strained by the

page_text: chain for withdrawal from the bore hole, the diameter of the bore hole itself is then
greater than that of the boring tool, and to such an extent, that not only is there
ample clearance all round the sides of the hole for the ready removal of the boring
tool, but the tubes or pipes also for lining the bore hole, when such are required,
can be inserted and made to follow the boring throughout, inch by inch, as it
progresses without in any way interfering with the action of the tool whilst boring
or during the operation of raising and lowering it within the bore hole.