Improvements in Looms for Weaving.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 4th July, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 5th May, 1890-Accepted, 7th June, 1890
PROVISIONAL
SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms for Weaving.
I, MARSDEN TAYLOR, of 7 Vale Street, Darwen, in the County of Lancaster,
Insurance Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The first part of my improvements are applicable to loose reed looms.
"
Loose reed loom mechanism. I interpose between the back of the slay or lathe
(immediately below the edge of the "fly-board") and the lower wooden strip or frame
of the reed a long flat metal spring secured at each end to the back of the slay
and at intervals along its length I provide three or more regulating screws passed
horizontally, through the slay from front to back thereof and by causing the points of
any of the said screws to bear in a greater or less degree against the back of the
flat metal spring the position or curve of the reed may be readily adjusted along
its entire length. Moreover the wearing away of the back edge of the fly board
resulting from its contact with the "dents" of the reed is obviated and the curve
or bevel of the face of the reed (which when worn away is one of the chief causes
of the shuttle flying out from the shuttle race) is preserved. I make the ": stop
rod" and "reed case in one piece or metal casting and support it at each end
in bearings or pivots which are carried partly in a semi-circular recess in the
front of the slay sword and partly in a corresponding recess or cap forming the outer
extremity of a metal bracket fastened to the under side of the slay and at intervals
along its length I form bearings or necks which rest in metal brackets or carriers
also fastened to the under side of the slay. The "duck bills" are fastened to arms or
plates depending from the combined stop rod and reed case and instead of passing
the duck bills under projections (commonly known as "heaters") as is usual
provide a shaft or bar supported at each end in brackets fastened to the framing of
the loom and at intervals intermediately in vertical standards or in brackets fastened
to the upright metal bars which carry the temple troughs (such upright bars being
known as "temple springs") and upon the shaft or bar I place a number of tubes or
hollow rollers designed to answer as anti-friction pulleys under which the duck bills
pass a rolling contact instead of a rubbing frictional contact being thereby obtained
the "beating-up" being effected with greater ease. In lieu of the ordinary stop or
finger projecting from the stop rod (which acts upon and releases the spring
handle" whenever the duck bills "rise" through the shuttle catching or failing to
"box") I employ a separate pivotted arm or lever standing against the front of the
slay from which the required stop or finger projects horizontally at right angles
thereto the outer or free end of the pivotted arm or lever extending over the
adjoining duck bill so that when the duck bills "rise" the arm or lever is lifted and
the stop or finger releases the spring handle in the usual manner and the loom is
stopped. I preferably employ one or more spiral springs to hold the duck bills
down and the reed case up to the reed. In practice it is found that "fly" or
dirt accumulates in the corner formed between the back edge of the "fly plate"
and the adjoining vertical back board of the shuttle box. To prevent the lodg-
ment of such dirt 1 make the back edge of the fly plate diagonal instead of square
thus leaving a triangularly formed space opening out downwardly the edge of the
plate being preferably grooved or channelled so as to facilitate the downward
escape of the dirt. Below the triangular space I form a channel and transverse
grooves on the top of the slay into which the dirt drops and whence it may be
shaken out by the jolting of the slay when the loom is in motion or otherwise
extracted.
The hereinafter described improvements are applicable to fast reed as well as to
loose reed looms.

page_text: 66
Starting and stopping apparatus. As a means for raising the "break lever" after
the loom has been stopped and placing it on the spring handle bracket when it is
desired to put the break out of action so that the slay may be moved by hand to any
required position I employ a second handle (standing above the framing of the loom)
which forms the vertical arm of a pivotted L lever whose other or horizontal arm
which carries on its under side the inclined plane which in the ordinary arrangement
in connection with the spring handle bracket lifts the break out of action when the
loom is started and also carries the upper end of a depending rod or chain supporting
at its lower end the break lever. Thus the break lever may by the sidewise move-
ment of the second handle be raised or lifted from above the loom instead of requiring
the attendant to stoop down and lift it from below as is usually the practice. At the
other end of the break lever I apply a break block of novel construction. Heretofore
the leather which usually forms the face of the block has been laid solid on the upper
side of the metal casting forming the body of the block and in practice the surface of
the leather in a short time becomes hard and smooth by its.contact with the revolving
break wheel. Now I employ a trough-shaped metal casting and across its hollow or
recessed part I stretch strips of leather leaving an intervening space between the
leather and the bottom of the trough. Thus the leather when pressing against the
periphery of the break wheel is enabled to give" somewhat a better "bite" or
frictional contact with the wheel being thereby imparted. I mount my improved
break block on a horizontal arm or plate projecting beyond the pivot boss of the
break lever the said arm or plate being in a separate piece and its position adjustable
on the boss by means of a set screw or a screw bolt and nut. The block is so arranged
that it can slide forward somewhat on the arm or plate upon contact with the
revolving break wheel and I connect to the said block another similarly formed block
standing at the other side of the boss which is (when the first named block is moved
forward) pulled up against the wheel a double-acting break block-being thus formed.
When the break lever is raised and the break pressure withdrawn from the wheel the
blocks are pulled back to their normal position by means of a spiral spring below. I
preferably cut out or make a recess in the upper part of the break lever boss so that
the axis or fulcrum of the break lever may be brought up as nearly as practicable to
the periphery of the break wheel so as thereby to ensure a better clearance when the
break blocks are withdrawn. I make the axis or bearing of the strap fork or belt
shipper to work on centre points as upper and lower bearings and one of these centre
point bearings is formed upon the end of a screw-threaded pin provided with lock
nuts so that the bearing may be set up or closed in as it becomes slack through wear
and tear.
Check strap. With a view to easing the concussion of the shuttle when it strikes
the picker and to prevent the flying off of the cop from the shuttle peg consequent
on such concussion I attach the inner end of each of the two check straps to the ends
of a horizontal rod carried in front of the slay so as to be capable of sliding length-
wise in suitable bearings. I fasten a couple of collars on the rod and between the
fast collars and the bearings I interpose à spiral spring so that when the shuttle
strikes the picker the spiral spring is compressed and thus answers as a cushion for
the check strap.
Picking band. In lieu of leather I use metal wire for connecting the picking
stick with the picker. I form two or more links or elongated wire loops and connect
them by means of short tubular lengths of helically coiled wire thereby providing
the required elasticity.
Beam weighting lever. I form the outer ends of the weight levers employed for
imparting friction to the yarn beam with an eyelet or hole in which one end of
an extra length of lever or other metal bar may be inserted when the levers and
weights are to be lifted or to be available when more weighting on the beam is
required.
1 L
1
TI
1000
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms for Weaving.
I, MARSDEN TAYLOR, of 7. Vale Street, Darwen, in the County of Lancaster,
Insurance Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The first part of my improvements are applicable to loose reed looms.
"
"
"9
Loose reed loom mechanism. I interpose between the back of the slay or lathe
(immediately below.the edge of the "fly-board") and the lower wooden strip or frame
of the reed a long flat metal spring secured at each end to the back of the slay and
at intervals along its length I provide three or more regulating screws passed
horizontally through the slay from front to back thereof and by causing the points of
any of the said screws to bear in a greater or less degree against the back of the
flat metal spring the position or curve of the reed may be readily adjusted along
its entire length. Moreover the wearing away of the back edge of the fly board
resulting from its contact with the "dents" of the reed is obviated and the curve
or bevel of the face of the reed (which when worn away is one of the chief
causes of the shuttle flying out from the shuttle race) is preserved. I make
the "stop rod and "reed case in one piece or metal casting and support it
at each end in bearings or pivots which are carried partly in a semi-circular recess in
the front of the slay sword and partly in a corresponding recess or cap forming the
outer extremity of a metal bracket fastened to the under side of the slay and at
intervals along its length I form bearings or necks which rest in metal brackets or
carriers also fastened to the underside of the slay. The "duck bills are fastened to
arms or plates depending from the combined stop rod and reed case and instead of
passing the duck bills under projections (commonly known as "heaters") as is usual
I provide a shaft or bar supported at each end in brackets fastened to the framing of
the loom and at intervals intermediately in vertical standards or in brackets fastened
to the upright metal bars which carry the temple troughs (such upright bars being
temple springs") and upon the shaft or bar I place a number of tubes or
hollow rollers designed to answer as anti-friction pulleys under which the duck bills
pass a rolling contact instead of a rubbing frictional contact being thereby obtained
the "beating-up" being effected with greater ease. In lieu of the ordinary stop or
finger projecting from the stop rod (which acts upon and releases the "spring handle"
whenever the duck bills "rise" through the shuttle catching or failing to box") I
employ a separate pivotted arm or lever standing against the front of the slay from
which the required stop or finger projects horizontally at right angles thereto the
outer or free end of the pivotted arm or lever extending over the adjoining duck bill
so that when the duck bills "rise" the arm or lever is lifted and the stop or finger
releases the spring handle in the usual manner and the loom is stopped. I preferably
employ one or more spiral springs to hold the duck bills down and the reed case up
to the reed. In practice it is found that "fly" or dirt accumulates in the corner formed
between the back edge of the "fly plate" and the adjoining vertical back board of
the shuttle box. To prevent the lodgment of such dirt I make the back edge of the
fly plate diagonal instead of square thus leaving a triangularly formed space opening
out downwardly the edge of the plate being preferably grooved or channelled so as to
facilitate the downward escape of the dirt. Below the triangular space I form a
channel and transverse grooves on the top of the slay into which the dirt drops and
whence it may be shaken out by the jolting of the slay when the loom is in motion or
otherwise extracted.
known as
The hereinafter described. improvements are applicable to fast reed as well as to
loose reed looms.
Starting and stopping apparatus. As a means for raising the "break lever" after
the loom has been stopped and placing it on the spring handle bracket when it is
desired to put the break out of action so that the slay may be moved by hand to any

page_text: "
required position I employ a second handle (standing above the framing of the loom)
which forms the vertical arm of a pivotted L lever whose other or horizontal arm
which carries on its under side the inclined plane which in the ordinary arrangement
in .connection with the spring handle bracket lifts the break out of action when the
loom is started and also carries the upper end of a depending rod or chain supporting
at its lower end the break lever. Thus the break lever may by the sidewise
movement of the second handle be raised or lifted from above the loom instead of
requiring the attendant to stoop down and lift it from below as is usually the practice.
At the other end of the break lever I apply a break block of novel construction.
Heretofore the leather which usually forms the face of the block has been laid solid
on the upper side of the metal casting forming the body of the block and in
practice the surface of the leather in a short time becomes hard and smooth by its
contact with the revolving break wheel. Now I employ a trough-shaped metal
casting and across its hollow or recessed part I stretch strips of leather leaving
an intervening space between the leather and the bottom of the trough. Thus the
leather when pressing against the periphery of the break wheel is enabled to "give"
somewhat a better "bite or frictional contact with the wheel being thereby imparted.
I mount my improved break block on a horizontal arm or plate projecting beyond
the pivot boss of the break lever the said arm or plate being in a separate piece
and its position adjustable on the boss by means of a set screw or a screw.bolt and nut.
The block is so arranged that it can slide forward somewhat on the arm or plate
upon contact with the revolving break wheel and I connect to the said block another
similarly formed block standing at the other side of the boss which is (when the first
naired block is moved forward) pulled up against the wheel a double-acting break
block being thus formed. When the break lever is raised and the break pressure
withdrawn from the wheel the blocks are pulled back to their normal position by
means of a spiral spring below. I preferably cut out or make a recess in the upper
part of the break lever boss so that the axis or fulcrum of the break lever may be
brought up as nearly as practicable to the periphery of the break wheel so as thereby
to ensure a better clearance when the break blocks are withdrawn. I make the axis
or bearing of the strap fork or belt shipper to work on centre points as upper and
lower bearings and one of these centre point bearings is formed upon the end of a
screw-threaded pin provided with lock nuts so that the bearing may be set up or closed
in as it becomes slack through wear and tear.
Check strap. With a view to easing the concussion of the shuttle when it strikes
the picker and to prevent the flying off of the cop from the shuttle peg consequent on
such concussion I attach the inner end of each of the two check straps to the ends of
a horizontal rod carried in front of the slay so as to be capable of sliding lengthwise
in suitable bearings. I fasten a couple of collars on the rod and between the fast
collars and the bearings I interpose a spiral spring so that when the shuttle strikes
the picker the spiral spring is compressed and thus answers as a cushion for the
check strap.
Picking band. In lieu of leather I use metal wire for connecting the picking stick
with the picker. I form two or more links or elongated wire loops and connect them
by means of short tubular lengths of helically coiled wire thereby providing the
required elasticity.
In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a plan view; Fig. 2 a back view; and
Fig. 3 a sectional end view of a loom slay or lathe having my improved loose reed
loom mechanism herein before described applied thereto. A is the slay, a the long
flat metal spring, and bbb the regulating or setting-up screws.
In practice however
I find that unless the reed space be an exceptionally wide one such screw and that
arranged centrally sufficiently answers the required purpose.
B is the stop rod and C the reed case (the two being made in one piece); c c c are
metal brackets or carriers fastened to the underside of the slay. Only the reed part
of the slay and stop rod are shewn in the drawings; the ends of the stop rod may, if
desired, be continued and arranged to be supported, in brackets or bearings of any

page_text: suitable kind fastened to the front of the slay sword. The combined stop rod and
reed case may be made of wrought iron or steel or of cast iron and formed of any
suitable cross section. The hody part of the stop rod may be round as in Fig. 1, or of
the kind shewn at Fig. 3, in which case suitable rounded bearing parts are provided
at the required intervals as shewn at Fig. 2. Fig. 7 illustrates another cross-
section of the combined stop rod and reed case.
dd are the duck bills fastened to the arms or plates ee depending from the
combined stop rod and reed case; ff are shafts or bars supported in fixed brackets g g ;
carrying the tubes or hollow rollers h h.
D is the pivotted arm or lever whose outer or free end rests upon the duck
bill d (see Figs. 3 and 8) and i the projecting finger which, when the duck bill "lifts,"
comes in contact with the ordinary projection on the spring handle E and forces the
spring handle out of its ordinary retaining notch and so causes the loom to stop.
Fig. 4 is a cross section; Fig. 5 a back view; and Fig. 6 a plan view of a portion
of a loom shuttle box. The position of the back board is indicated in broken lines
adjoining the diagonally formed back edge of the fly plate k at Fig. 4. 1 is the channel
and 1, are the transverse grooves for facilitating the escape of dirt.
At fig. 9 is shown the second or auxiliary handle for lifting the break lever m
when the loom is stopped. n is the vertical arm of an L lever pivotted at 0, the
horizontal arm being formed with the usual inclined part n which is acted upon or
raised by the sidewise movement of the ordinary bracket n³, on the spring handle
when the loom is started so as to lift the break lever m out of contact with the
break wheel.
Figs. 10 11 and 12 are respectively side and plan views showing the construction
of my improved break block. F represents the break wheel, G the long end or arm
of the break lever, and H the pivot or axis. p is the trough-shaped metal casting,
qq strips of leather stretched across the top of the trough and fastened thereupon by
screw bolts and nuts as shown. Figs. 13 14 and 15 are corresponding views showing
the construction of the double break block arrangement hereinabove referred to. I is
a slide bar on the end of the break lever G. The pivot H is fast upon the slide bar I
and may be carried or supported in any suitable bearing or fulcrum. The sliding block J
is connected to the second sliding block K by means of a side bar and when the
said block J is pressed up against the break wheel F it is moved or pressed to the
right (that is to say in the direction of rotation of the break wheel indicated by an
arrow) thereby pulling the second block K against the wheel F the arrangement thus
constituting a double acting or compound break block. When the break pressure is
withdrawn the parts are returned to their normal position by the pull of the spiral
spring s. t (see Fig. 12) shows the upper part of the break lever boss cut away to
allow of its being placed close up to the periphery of the break wheel.
Figs. 16 and 17 are respectively side and end views of my improved axis or
bearing for the belt shipper L of a loom. 12 are the lower and upper centre point
bearings the lower centre point being formed upon the extremity of the screw-threaded
pin u having fastening or regulating screw nuts u¹ u'. The upper centre point may
be cast or formed on the two opposite sides of a reversible plate so that when one of
the centre points becomes worn the plate v may be turned over and an unworn centre
point be available.
At Fig. 18 M M are the check straps attached to the two ends of the horizontal
rod w carried in the fixed bearings xx. yy are the fast collars and zz the spiral
springs. A represents the front of the slay.
Figs. 19 and 20 illustrate the construction of the elastic wire chain arrangement
which I employ in lieu of the ordinary leather picking band. N N are the elongated
wire links or loops connected by the short tubular lengths of openly coiled wire 0 0.
A pull on the wire chain causes the compression or squeezing together of the
links OO the required elastic effect being thus obtained.
I do not desire to include as part of my said invention the arrangement of beam
weighting lever referred to in the latter part of my Provisional Specification.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
-
1. In loose reed looms the application to the back of the slay of a flexible flat
metal spring in conjunction with a regulating screw or screws arranged substantially
as shewn at and described with reference to Figs. 1, 2, and 3 of the drawings for the
purpose specified.
2. In loose reed looms the construction of the stop rod and reed case in one piece
substantially as shewn and described with reference to Figs. 1, 2, 3, 7 and 8 of the
drawings.
3. In combination with a stop rod and reed case constructed in one piece supports
or bearings such as cc substantially as shewn at and described with reference to
Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 8 of the drawings.
4. In combination with the duck bill of a loose reed loom the use or employment
of a tube or hollow roller mounted on a shaft in fixed bearings substantially as shewn
at and described with reference to Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings for the purpose
specified.
5. In loose reed looms the use or employment of a pivotted arm or lever such as D
having a projecting part such as i arranged so that when raised with the said lever D
by the duck bill it will push the spring handle out of its retaining notch substantially
as shewn at and described with reference to Figs. 3 and 8 of the drawings.
6. The arrangements for facilitating the escape of dirt from the back of the fly
plate of a loom shuttle box substantially as shewn at and described with reference to
Figs. 4, 5 and 6 of the drawings.
7. In looms for weaving the use or employment of a second or auxilliary bandle or
lever carrying an inclined part acted upon by the ordinary spring handle bracket
substantially as shewn at and described with reference to Fig. 9 of the drawings.
8. In looms for weaving the combination of parts constituting the break block
apparatus and particularly the leather strips stretched across a trough-shaped metal
casting substantially as shewn at and described with reference to Figs. 10, 11, and 12
of the drawings.
9. In looms for weaving the use or employment of double-acting break block
apparatus comprising a block such as J connected to a second block such as K the
two blocks being mounted upon a slide bar such as I in conjunction with a spring s
the said parts being arranged and operating substantially as shewn at and described
with reference to Figs. 13, 14 and 15 of the drawings.
10. In looms for weaving mounting the axis or bearing of the belt shipper
between centre point bearings with means of adjustment all arranged substantially as
shewn at and described with reference to Figs. 16 and 17 of the drawings.
11. In looms for weaving attaching the check straps to a cushioning device
comprising a sliding horizontal rod and spiral springs arranged substantially as
shewn at and described with reference to Fig. 18 of the drawings.
12. In looms for weaving the use or employment for the like purpose as the picking
band of an elastic wire chain constructed substantially as shewn at and described with
reference to Figs. 19 and 20 of the drawings.
Dated this 5th day of May 1890
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.