CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Thomas, of Rawtenstall, in the County of
Lancaster, Book-keeper, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIALS,"
Sealed the 19th September 1861, and dated the 22nd March 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Thomas at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
March 1861.
I, THOMAS THOMAS, of Rawtenstall, in the County of Lancaster, Book-
keeper, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS POR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER
FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates, first, to that description of apparatus used in spinning
and doubling cottou, known as the spindle and flyer, and is an improvement
upon an Invention for which Provisional Protection was granted to me, and
dated the 29th day of December 1859, No. 2974.
The present improvement consists in the use of a flyer and tube formed
together, as described in the Provisional Specification before recited, but
[Price 8d.]

page_text: instead of being driven separately from the spindle it is secured npon the
spindle, that is, the flyer, tube, and spindle are formed together, and the spindle
is driven by means of a wharve being fixed upon the tube above the flyer, sup-
ported upon a "footstep," and steadied by an adjustable collar or bearing or
any portion of a bearing on the framing, a second collar encircling the tube
above the wharve. The thread or sliver passes from the front rollers into the
tube of the spindle, coming out from one of the holes provided at the lowerend
of the tube, and thence to one of the flyer arms and on to the bobbin. I also
employ a hook to draw the broken end of the sliver or thread through the
tube, and a catch or stopper at the upper end of the spindle to prevent, as far
as possible, the thread passing down the tube when broken.
A second part of the Invention relates to a novel method of doffing the
bobbins from the spindles, and is described as follows:-The bobbins traverse
the lower part of the spindle by means of a lifting plate, on which they are
supported. When full they are doffed by the rail in which the footsteps of the
spindles are fixed and the lifting plate, both being lowered, so that the bobbins
slide down from and become clear of the spindles. They are then moved from
the lifting plate into a trough or receptacle running alongside of the frame.
This may be done either by the hand or by means of rods, of wood attached to
small levers which project from a shaft running along the interior of the frame
near the bobbins. These rods of wood, when moved into a certain position by
the shaft, force the whole row of bobbins off the lifting plate at once, the shaft
being moved by the hand. The empty bobbins are placed on the lifting plates
in the places the full ones previously occupied. If the shaft just referred to
is used, the empty bobbins may be placed on the lifting plate and against the
rods of wood before referred to (these having been first placed in a correct
position by the shaft, and having slots in them about the size of the bobbin
barrel), so that the holes in the bobbin shall be in a line with the spindle.
The empty bobbins being in this position, the rail and the lifting plates are
then raised to the places they occupied before doffing. The spindles are then
moved a few times round, and when sufficient thread is wrapped round the
bobbins the threads are broken or cut by self-acting means, and the frame is
started. The lifting plate is worked as an ordinary frame, the rods supporting
the plates pass through the rail, and then lower down each through a fixing
attached to the rail to keep them in an upright position. The rail and lifting
plates are to be lowered for doffing by a shaft running along the frame with
wheels at suitable distances, which works into surfaces of teeth attached
to the rail. In being lowered and raised the rail works in slots at each end,

page_text: and at intervals in its length, if necessary. I also employ metallic tubes upon
the spindles when forming cops, not to be used as "cop tubes," but to form a
foundation loose from the spindle; from which the cops are to be removed
when fully wound.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Thomas in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 21st
September 1861.
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1379
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
THOMAS, of Rawtenstall, in the County of Lancaster, Book-keeper, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Thomas Thomas, Her special license that I,the said Thomas Thomas,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as the said
Thomas Thomas,my executors,administratore, and assigns,should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for " CERTAIN IMPROVE
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIALS," upon the condition, amongst others, that I, the said Thomas
Thomas, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office, within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Thomas, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-
My Invention relates, first, to that description of apparatus used in spinning
and doubling cotton, known as the spindle and flyer, and is an improvement.
upon an Invention for which Provisional Protection was granted to me, and

page_text: dated the Twenty-ninth day of December, One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-nine, No. 2974.
The present improvement consists in the use of a flyer and tube formed
together, as described in the Provisional Specification before recited, but
instead of being driven separately from the spindle it is secured upon the
spindle, that is, the flyer tube and spindle are formed together, and the spindle
is driven by means of a wharve being fixed upon the tube above the flyer,sup
ported upon a "footstep," and steadied by an adjustable collar or bearing or
any portion of a bearing on the framing, a second collar encircling the tube
above the wharve. The thread or sliver passes from the front rollers into
the tube of the spindle, coming out from one of the holes provided at the lower
end of the tube, and thence to one of the flyer arms and on to the bobbin. I
also employ a hook to draw the broken end of the sliver or thread through the
tube,and a catch or stopper at the upper end of the spindle to prevent, as far
as possible, the thread passing down the tube when broken.
RAY
A second part of the Invention relates to a novel method of doffing the
bobbins from the spindles, and is described as follows:-The bobbins traverse
the lower part of the spindle by means of a lifting plate on which they are sup-
ported. When full they are doffed by the rail, in which the footsteps of the
spindles are fixed and the lifting plate, both being lowered,so that the bobbins
slide down from and become clear of the spindles. They are then moved from
the lifting plate into a trough or receptacle running alongside of the frame.
This may be done either by hand or by means of rods of wood attached to
small levers which project from a shaft running along the interior of the frame
near the bobbins. These rods of wood, when moved into a certain position by
the shaft, force the whole row of bobbins off the lifting plate at once,the shaft
being moved by the hand. The empty bobbins are placed on the lifting plates
in the places the full ones previously occupied. If the shaft just referred to is
used, the empty bobbins may be placed on the lifting plate and against the
rods of wood before referred to (these having been first placed in a correct
position by the shaft, and having slots in them about the size of the bobbin
barrel), so that the holes in the bobbins shall be in a line with the spindles.
The empty bobbins being in this position, the rail and the lifting plates are
then raised to the places they occupied before doffing. The spindles are then
moved a few times round, and when sufficient thread is wrapped round the
bobbins the threads are broken or cut by self-acting means, and the frame is
started. The lifting plate is worked as in an ordinary frame, the rods sup-
porting the plates pass through the rail, and then lower down each through a

page_text: fixing attached to the rail, to keep them in an upright position. The rail and
lifting plates are to be lowered for doffing by a shaft running along the frame
with toothed wheels at suitable distances, which work into surfaces of teeth
attached to the rail. In being lowered and raised the rail works in slots at
each end, and at intervals in the length, if necessary. I also employ metallic
tubes upon
the spindles when forming cops, not to be used as "cop tubes," but
to form a foundation loose from the spindle from which the cops are to be
removed when fully wound.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail, I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings, made upon a scale of
about four inches to the foot, and having similar letters of reference marked
upon corresponding parts of the machinery in the several Figures.
Fig. 1 represents that portion of the spinning frame where the spindle and
flyer are situated, and exhibits the spindle withdrawn from the bobbin ready
for doffing; Fig. 2 is a detached view, shewing the bobbir falling into the
receiving trough; and Fig. 3 is a front view, shewing the worm and wheel
for raising and lowering the bobbin into the required position, when full or
empty; Fig. 4 is a detached view shewing the application of a knife edge for
dividing the thread.
In Fig. 1, a, a, is the framing of the machine, and b, b, the spindle flyer and
tube, formed together in one piece, upon which the wharve c is placed, by
which the flyer and spindle is driven from the drum d; the bobbins e, e, are
placed in recesses formed in the "copping rail" f,f, which is worked by the
ordinary "copping motion "mechanism marked g, g. When the bobbins are
raised into position for the yarn to be wound upon them, that is, within the
circle of the flyer, the spindle revolves upon the bearings in the foot rail h, h,
and is steadied at the top by the collar or "bush "i, the yarn passing from
the front roller k to the flyer through the tube b, and is wound on to the
bobbins until they are ready for doffing, at which time the "copping rail"
is at its lowest point. The copping rail and bobbins and foot rail are then to
be lowered by means of the racks and pinions 1, l, actuated by the handle m
and worm wheel n, and when the bobbins are clear of the spindle, if the cop-
ping rail be lifted either by hand or by self-acting mechanical means, the full
bobbins will fall into the receiving trough o, o, and empty bobbins being re-
placed, the rail is to be lifted into position by turning the handle m; the
spindles during the absence of the foot rail being supported by the rail p.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with the
method of carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be distinctly

page_text: understood that I claim the novel employment and use of a spindle and flyer
and conducting tube formed together and of one piece, and driven together;
and also the method of doffing the bobbins by withdrawing them from the
spindle by the mechanism described, as herein-before set forth and exhibited
in the Drawings annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Thomas, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
THOMAS THOMAS. (L.S.)