AN IM- PROVED MACHINE FOR WEIGHING OR MEASURING AND PACKING SPICES, DRUGS COPPER AND TIED MATHERS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of the Firm of
Robertson, Brooman, and Company, of 166, Fleet Street, in the
City of London, Patent Agents, for the Invention of "AN IM-
PROVED MACHINE FOR WEIGHING OR MEASURING AND PACKING SPICES,
DRUGS COPPER AND TIED MATHERS" A communication
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald
Brooman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with bis
Petition, on the 18th March 1858.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of the Firm of Robertson, Brooman,
and Company, of 166, Flect Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED MACHINE FOR WEIGHING OR MEASURING AND PACKING SPICES,
DRUGS, COFFEE, AND LIKE MATTERS," to be as follows:-
The machine consists of a series of moulds or frames, arranged upon
an endless chain carrier, which is made to move by steps. At the
moment of rest, time is afforded to place a square pocket or bag of

page_text: paper within the first mould, and to fill it with the article to be packed,
which is then dumped in by a spout from the self-operating weighing
scales; the chain then moves along one step, and another squared bag
is put in the next mould of the series, which is turned up for the pur-
pose. This goes on till five moulds have pockets within them; but still,
as those progress along in a horizontal direction, with the movemonts of
the chain carrier, other operations are being performed: these are,
pressing down the spice or other pulverized materials put into the bags.
This is accomplished by pistons or forms, which are playing up and
down, and their movement so timed, that they enter the open ends of
the several bags the moment the chain carrier stops, and then press
upon the materials within, beginning with a light pressure and increas-
ing in hardness as the moulds come on. The last one, however, is a
stamper, for as soon as the paper bag comes under it the attendant
folds down the paper and closes up the end, sealing it at the same time.
The moment this is done, the end of the stamper comes down and
presses hard on the fold and seal, and gives the last pressure upon the
finished package. It is then carried round by the chain carrier over
the pulley on which it revolves, still sticking in the moulds until it
comes along the underside; here a discharger enters the bottom of the
moulds, and pushes the package out, an attendant being ready to put on
the label, and thus complete the operation.
The weighing or measuring apparatus consists of a magazine and
discharger; the latter so combined with the machine that the proper
quantity of materials shall be delivered into the paper bags at the right
MAMANto
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Richard Archibald Brooman, in the Great Senl
Patent Office, on the 17th September 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, 3
RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROONAN, of the firm of Robertson, Brooman, and
Company, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent Agents,
send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the six-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her
special licence that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my ex-
ecutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR WEIGHING OR
MEASURING AND PACKING SPICES, DRUGS, COFFEE, AND LIKE MATTERS,"
communicated to me by a foreigner residing abroad, upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the
drawings annexed, that is to say:
The machine consists of a series of moulds or frames, arranged upo
an endless chain carrier, which is made to move by steps. At the
moment of rest time is afforded to place a square pocket or bag of
paper within the first mould, and to fill it with the article to be packed,
which is then dumped in by a spout from the self-operating weighing
scales. The chain then moves along one step, and another square
bag is put in the next mould of the series, which is turned up for
the purpose. This goes on until five moulds have pockets within
them but still, as these progress along in a horizontal direction with

page_text: the movements of the chain carrier, other operations are being per-
formed. These are, pressing down the spice or other pulverized
materials put into the bags. This is accomplished by pistons or forms,
which are playing up and down, and their movements so timed that
they enter the open ends of the several bags the moment the chain
carrier stops, and then press upon the materials within, beginning with
a light pressure and increasing in hardness as the moulds come on.
The last one, however, is a stamper; for as soon as the paper bag
comes under it tho attendant folds down the paper and closes up the
end, sealing it at the same time. The moment this is done, the end
of the stamper comes down and presses hard on the fold and seal, and
gives the last pressure upon the finished package. It is then carried
round by the chain carrier over the pulley on which it revolves, still
sticking in the mould until it comes along the under side; here a dis-
charger enters the bottom of the mould and pushes the package out,
an attendant being ready to put on the label, and thus complete the
operation.
These several operations will be more fully understood by the fol-
lowing description of the construction of the machine, reference being
had to the drawings annexed.
Figure 1, is a perspective view of the machine. Figures 2, 3, 4, 5,
and 6, aro parts in detail. u, b, c, d, c, are a series of square
moulds, attached to an endless chain carrier, seen at f, Figure 2,
passing over hexagon or other proper pulleys at each end of the
machine. The moulds are open at top and botton, but, to keep
the square paper bags from dropping through while being filled, a
smooth stationary table g, rests under the top half of the chain carrier,
and the moulds in their movements slide along, resting upon said table,
the carrier here merely serving to draw them. A, is a cross beam,
made to play up and down by connections with a double cranked
shaft A', being directly over the row of moulds a, b, c, &c., and in line
with them. To this beam the packer and stamper are attached; they
are seen at h, h, and i, ; and they are spaced the same distanco
apart that the moulds are, and are also so arranged that the latter, at
each successive move of the chain carrier, shift the distance from one

page_text: packer to the next in order. The revolutions of the shaft A', effect also
the movements of the moulds. This is accomplished by a pawl, actuated
by a cam upon the said shaft by the intervention of a lever; 7, being
the cam; k, the lever; and k', the pawl, shewn detached in Figure 2.
The end of the paul catches within a notch, a series of which extend
along the chain; and, as the lever vibrates, the chain is moved in a
manner common to such a contrivance. The movements of the chain
and of the beam A, are so timed, that while the pawl is going back-
ward to take a new hold the packers descend upon the mould and
perform their office while those are in the stationary position.
The use of this
At n, is a post, standing vertically from a rocking shaft n¹, imme-
diately in front of the main frame. Motion is imparted to these by
means of an arm o, extending over the shaft A', upon which there is a
toe so placed as to strike upon said arm and lift it up.
part is to hold the reversed funnel upon which the paper bags are
formed previous to inserting them in the moulds. r, is a shaft, which
has also a rocking motion. On the front edge is a series of short
arms. These are arranged so that there is an arm between the
packers h, h, and i. The use of these is to embrace the sides of the
funnels, and lift them up at the momont the packer pistons are pressing
down the materials within the paper bags. The means by which the
shaft r, is rocked is by a toggle lever, shewn at s, Figure 5, the vibra-
tory motion of the beam A, effecting the same.
The weighing or measuring apparatus consists of a magazine and
discharger; the latter so combined with the machine that the proper
quantity of materials shall be delivered into the paper bags at the right
moments. B, is the magazine, placed upon an elevated part, with a
spout and sliding door at the top of the discharger, as seen at B',
Figure 6. The discharger is at C, and has its mouth directly over the
first mould a. This is closed by the basin of a scale C, having a
weight D, at the opposite end. From this latter a string passes up
over a pulley, and holds the sliding door B', As soon as the proper
quantity has flowed into C', the scale tilts its load into the proper bag
by the funnel a', at the same moment that the weight is raised, and
closes the door B', to prevent any more from coming in.

page_text: In order that time may be allowed for all the other operations to be
gone through, the feed, through the door B', is regulated by the motion
of a knocker m, producing a rapid vibratory motion or jarring upon the
inclined board of the spout, to shake the materials down, in a manner
common to many kinds of mills.
The operation is as follows:-An attendant stands before the machine,
now set in motion; as soon as the square post n, moves out from the
machine, he reverses one of the feeding funnels a', upon it, takes a sheet
of paper (a pile of the proper size and quality lying convenient), and
wraps it around the square part of said funnel, folding down one end (to
form the bottom of the bag) upon the top of the post, and seals or pastes
it in the usual manner. This done, he slips the funnel, with the paper
upon it, off, and puts it in the first mould a. This must be so tinied
that the scale will be just on the point of dumping its portion of mate-
rial to be packed. The pawl 1, now pushes the chain carrier f, along,
sending the mould a, to the place occupied by the mould b; here the
first packer h, comes down and enters the paper bag; this packer has
its end "wedge shaped," so as to press or pack the centre of the mass.
The moment the packer enters, the arms », embrace the funnel a',
and lift it partially up from the paper bag, the bottom of the bag rest-
ing upon the table g; meanwhile the attendant has formed another bag
upon a second funnel, and put it in a, as before, while b, moves on to c,
and a, again to b; the packer h, and h', now operate together on two
bags at once, the packer h', giving the second pressure; this time the
pressure is made upon the corners by means of the fingers formed upon h¹,
as shewn. The operation is continued, and c, comes to where d, stood;
here the packer has a flat termination, and gives the final pressure.
When this rises up, the funnel is removed by the hand of the attendant,
who immediately puts it upon the post n, and forms a bag; d, moves
to e; the attendant now quickly folds down the open end of the bag,
and from a pot of melted wax seals it up just in time to allow the last
stamp to be given by the stamper i. At this stage there is a fresh
mould ready at a; the funnel and bag previously formed is put in, and
the operation continues as before. The speed of the carrier and other
parts is so regulated as to afford time for the attendant to perform the

page_text: several offices before described. It now remains to discharge the
finished package; this is accomplished by a plunger, shewn at p,
Figure 4, detached from the main machine.
This is worked by a
Two pins project at q',
thus, by reason of the
rod
9, at the back of the frame of Figure 1.
which interfere with a pin in the beam A, and
movement of A, the latter is also moved up and down. The plunger
stands on the space between the chain carrier f. The finished package,
as it is carried onward with the mould, finally comes round on the
under side, and as soon as it reaches the position e¹, Figure 2, the
piece p, is pressed down, and strikes upon the package through the open
bottom of the mould, and it is accordingly pushed out and falls into a
basket, or is taken off by an attendant, who immediately pastes on the
proper labels, &c. Thus the article is finished.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim
is, firstly, the chain of moulds in combination with the packing pistons;
and secondly, the weighing and feeding apparatus, as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of Sep-
tember, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
R. A. BROOMAN. (L.S.)