A NEW OR IMPROVED VENTILATOR FOR THE CABINS, HOLDS, AND COMPARTMENTS OF SHIPS, AND THE CHAMBERS AND APARTMENTS OF BUILDINGS
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Sampson Starnes at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th May 1870.
I, JOHN SAMPSON STARNES, of No. 13, Broad Street, Ratcliff, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED VENTILATOR FOR THE CABINS, HOLDS,
AND COMPARTMENTS OF SHIPS, AND THE CHAMBERS AND APARTMENTS OF BUILDINGS,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in constructing a ventilator of two hollow
cylinders, a longer and a shorter one. The longer one being the smaller
in diameter, and placed within the shorter in such manner as to have
an annular space between them. The outer cylinder is let into the deck
or roof or ceiling of the cabin or other place to be ventilated, and the
part thus entering the cabin or other place has holes or slots around
it opening into the annular space. The inner cylinder increases in

page_text: diameter at its lower part in a trumpet shape, and is united at its largest
part to the outer cylinder so as there to seal or close the annular space.
The inner cylinder is open at its bottom to the cabin or place to be
ventilated. The outer cylinder extends above the deck or roof, and the
annular space between the two cylinders is open at the top to the
external atmosphere, but the upper cylinder carries over it a cover
somewhat like an inverted bowl with the bottom removed, the bowl
being placed around the inner cylinder. The edge of the bowl is brought
down so as to extend over and beyond the top edge or circumfrence
of outer cylinder, making a second and outer annular space com-
municating with the inner annular space first mentioned. A second
bowl of larger diameter with a bottom (by preference of glass) is
inverted and secured upon the top of inner or longer cylinder and forms
a third annular space communicating by means of slots or openings with
the interior of inner cylinder. The vitiated or heated air from the
interior of cabin or other place will pass upwards through the slots or
openings in the outer cylinder into the annular space between the two
cylinders, and escape through the second annular space beneath the first
inverted bowl into the external atmosphere; in so doing it will induce
a current of fresh air through the third annular space, formed by the top
inverted bowl, downward into the cabin or other place to be ventilated.
Either or both of the bowls or covers are so placed upon and around the
inner cylinder that they can be raised or lowered thereupon so as to
regulate the exit or admission of air, or to entirely close the air passages,
and they may be secured in the position desired by means of a fastening,
such as, for example, that known as a bayonet fastening or by other
means. In some cases I dispense with the top cover, and substitute
therefor an ordinary cowl head ventilator so as to increase the down-
ward draught, and thereby the circulation of air. I propose to fit the
ventilator with a valve similar to a throttle valve, so as to admit of the
regulation of the admission of air, or to shut off entirely if desired
the communication between the outer air and that of the place to be
ventilated.

page_text: Although I have for the purpose of clearly describing the Invention
stated about the proportions on which I propose to construct some of
the ventilators and their parts, yet I do not confine myself to the relative
proportions stated, but vary them according to the particular application
of my Invention.