Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd June, 1887.
Specification Accepted, 9th Sept., 1887.

page_text: and received, to reduce the liability to derangement of the transmitting and receiving
mechanism, to furnish an instrument which may be used by inexperienced persons,
and arranged to print the messages in page form.
My invention consists in an improved arrangement of the type wheel and
escapement, whereby half the number of teeth on the scape wheel are dispensed with,
and the speed of the rotary movement of the type wheel correspondingly increased.
It also further consists in an arrangement of the paper carriage and feeding
mechanism whereby the message may be received in successive lines on the strip or
sheet of printing paper. It also further consists in a commutator or pole changer of
novel construction, whereby a positive action is secured. It also further consists in
novel means for holding the circuit closed while the key is depressed, and in the
introduction of a pole changer or commutator into the line circuit, by means of which
the action of both the transmitting and receiving instruments is controlled by the line
current at the same instant.
I will first proceed to describe the mechanical construction of the machine, and will i
afterward describe the circuits and the operation.
The main frame 1 is formed of the side plates 2, 3, and cross bars 4, 5, 6 and 7.
From the side of the plate 2 is supported a plate 8, by bars 9. In holes formed in the
plates 2 and 8 are inserted the pivots of the arbors of the train of gearing 10,
consisting of the spur wheel 11 placed loosely on the arbor 12 and carrying a click.
The drum 13 secured to the shaft is provided with a ratchet engaged by the click in
the usual way.
The arbor 14 is provided with a pinion 15 driven by the spur wheel 11 and carrying
a spur wheel 16. The arbor 17 has a pinion 18 engaged by the spur wheel 16 and
provided with the spur wheel 19 meshing into the pinion 20 on the arbor 21, the said
arbor 21 being provided with the spur wheel 22. In brackets 23, 24, secured to the
plates 2, 3, of the main frame is journaled a shaft 25, to one end of which is attached
a pinion 26 engaged by the spur wheel 22, and upon the opposite end of the shaft is
secured a scape wheel 27.
The scape wheel 27
provided with half as many teeth as there are characters upon
the type wheel, and from the shaft 25 project pins 28 in a spiral line around the shaft,
the said pins projecting radially from the shaft, and corresponding in position with
the teeth of the scape wheel.
In the bracket 23 and in an arm 29 attached to the cross bar 5 is journaled an
arbor 30 arranged to slide in its bearings, and provided with a spur wheel 31 which
engages the spur wheel 26 on the shaft 25, the said spur wheel 26 being provided
with a wide face to permit the lateral movement of the spur wheel 31 without
becoming disengaged from the spur wheel 31.
To the arbor 30, near the arm 29, is secured the type wheel 32, which is provided
with two parallel circular rows of type. Upon the arbor 30 is secured a collar 33,
between which and the arm 29 is placed a spring 34 on the said arbor, the office of
which is to return the shaft 30 with its type wheel 32 to its normal position after the
desired letter of the secondary row has been printed. Upon the arbor 30 adjoining
the spur wheel 31 is placed a screw 35, which is used in bringing the type wheel to
unison in the manner hereinafter more fully described. On the rock shaft 36 is
secured a latch 37, which is capable of dropping down over the end of the lever 111.
The latch 37 also carries a spring finger 38 which is capable of engaging the screw 35;
the said latch being provided with a stud 37", which in bringing the instrument to
unison, strikes a stud 35° at the end of the screw thread and arrests the further
revolution of the screw and arbor on which it is placed.
To brackets 39, 40, projecting from the lower part of plate 3 are secured permanent
magnets 41, 42, to the polar extremities of which are attached pole pieces 43, 44, and
upon the said pole pieces are secured bobbins 45 and 46. Between the polar
extensions 43, 44, is placed an armature lever 47 carrying an armature 48 between the
poles, and the pallet 49 upon its upper end, in position to engage the scape wheel 27.
The lower end of the armature lever 47 is pivoted on a cross bar 50, and on the
plate 3 of the main frame.

page_text: The magnets 41, 42, are provided with screw-threaded studs 51 which are furnished
with milled nuts 52 placed on opposite sides of studs 53 projecting from the plate 3,
the said studs and nuts serving to adjust the magnets 41 and 42, by springing them
to or from the armature 48.
To a bracket 54 projecting from the side of plate 3, at right angles, are secured two
strips 55, 56, of rubber, or other suitable insulating material, in which are inserted
contact points 57, 58, 59, 60. Standards 61, 62, 63, project upward from the
bracket 54, and between the standards 61 and 62 is pivoted the three-armed lever 64,
having the arms a, b, c, and between standards 62, 63, is pivoted the three-armed
lever 65, having arms a¹, b', and e. The arms e c¹ of the levers 64 and 65 project
downward through apertures in the bracket 54, and are widened and each provided
with a pair of studs d, projecting from adjacent surfaces.
Upon an arbor 66 pivoted in an arm 67 projecting from plate 3 of the main frame
of the machine is placed a lever 68, which extends upward toward the bracket 54 and
is forked, the extremities of the forks extending between the studs e carried by the
levers 64 and 65. The lever 68 is provided with a point projecting from the outer
side thereof, and an army secured to the arbor 66 carries a pointed screw / directly
opposite the point f. Between the pointed screw h and the point is pivoted a
connecting rod 69, which extends to and is pivotally connected with the armature
lever 47, so that whenever the said armature lever is oscillated, lever 68 will also be
oscillated, and an oscillating motion will be imparted to the three-armed levers 64, 65.
At the inner end of rod 69 is formed a recess 692 (shown in the detached view
Figure 12) and over this recess extends the spring 702. The office of this device is to
provide a means of connecting the rod 69 with the armature lever 47 and of detaching
the same therefrom when it is desired to change the instrument from the office of a
transmitter to one of a receiver. This is done by simply pressing the spring outward
from said rod so that it will allow the said recess 692 to drop away from the pin in
said armature lever.
In the lower end of the arm c of the levers 64, 65, are formed angular notches i, in
which are received the chisel-edged fingers pivoted in the ends of springs
supported by a bracket 70 secured to plate 3 of the main frame. The springs k press
the fingers upward, so that when the levers 64, 65, are moved in either direction so
as to cause the notched lower end of the downwardly projecting arms e to pass upon
one side or the other of the centre of oscillation, the levers will be compelled to
complete their movements in one direction or the other by the action of the said
springs k, through the fingers, the connections between lever 68 and levers 64, 65
being made loose to permit of the action described.
Upon the arbor 25 adjoining the scape wheel 27 is placed a wheel 71 provided
with inclined teeth. To a bracket 72 secured to plate 3 of the main frame is pivoted
an arm 73, provided with a beveled nib 74 which is in the path of the teeth of the
wheel 71. The arm 73 carries a spring contact piece 75, which is adapted to touch
the contact points 76 when the nib 74 falls into one of the notches between the teeth /
of the wheel 71. The contact points 76 are supported by an insulating block 77
attached to plate 3 of the main frame.
Upon the rod 78 secured to the top of the main frame near the front thereof, are
placed two banks of keys m n. The keys n extend beyond the rod 78, and their inner
ends are bent at right angles to enable them to engage the levers o pivoted on the
rod 79 extending across the frame and supported in a fixed position by brackets 80.
The levers o correspond in number with the pins 28 projecting from the arbor 25, and
are spaced by blocks p placed on the rod 79 between the levers, so that the inner
ends of the levers are held within or opposite the paths of the pins 28. The inner
ends of the levers o are bent downward, to facilitate the engagement of the said
levers with the pins. The outer ends of the levers o are notched, to receive the
fingers q which are pivoted to the ends of springs 81 attached to the cross bar 4, the
said cross bar being supported on arms r projecting upwardly from plates 2, 3, of the
main frame. The free ends of the springs 81 press forward toward the levers o, so
that when the outer ends of the said levers are moved above and below the line

page_text: joining the fulcrum of the levers and the pivot of the fingers, the levers will be held
in either an elevated or depressed position.
The keys m carry pins s which project over the adjoining keys n, so that when
the keys m are depressed the keys n will be depressed also.
Underneath the inner ends of the levers o and between the rod 79 and shaft 25 is
arranged a cross-bar 82 shown in Figure 3 supporting contact points s', which are
adapted to be engaged by contact points t carried by the levers o, so that when one of
the keys is depressed the inner end of the lever o connected with that key will be
thrown down, bringing the point t into contact with the point s¹ below it. The cross-
bar 82 is made of metal, and is insulated from the main frame of the machine and cou-
nected with the circuit wires of the machine, as will be hereinafter more fully described.
The key levers m, n, are covered by a keyboard 83 which is provided with two
banks of keys 84, 85, the inner and upper bank of keys being arranged above the
key-levers n, and the outer bank of keys being arranged above the key-levers m. The
keys u of the upper bank are formed of short rods extending through the keyboard
and adapted to press upon the tops of the key-levers n. Each rod is provided with
a collar 20, from which a pin a projects upward into a hole in the under surface of the
keyboard and serves as a guide for the key to prevent its turning. The keys u¹ of
the lower bank 85 are made in a similar manner with a rod v extending through
the keyboard, and provided at its lower end with a collar wel which is furnished with
a pin extending upward into a hole in the under side of the keyboard. The key-
levers m, n are held in their normal position by springs attached to the frame of
the machine and arranged to press the outer ends of the said key-levers.
To the main frame of the machine are pivoted the ends of a bar 86 which carries a
stud 87, having upon the lower end thereof an insulating block 88 carrying contact
points d, e, f, which project from the under side thereof, and contact points d³, d,
projecting from the top thereof. Below the bar 86 is supported a fixed insulating
bar 89 having upon its upper surface contact springs 90, 91, carrying contact points,
and upon its under surface contact springs 92, 93, 94.
The bar 86 is provided with arms 86" pivoted to the main frame of the machine
and is supported in its normal position by a flat curved spring g³, and its upward
movement is limited by an angled arm 86° carried by the bar and engaging a contact
screw projecting through an insulated bracket i' on the side of the main frame.
In the cross-bars 6, 7, are formed grooves for receiving the paper carriage
wheels j, k, l, which turn on studs projecting from the paper carriage frame 95. In
the frame, and above the type wheel 32 are journaled paper feeding rollers 96, 97,
between which the paper is drawn after the formation thereon of a line of words or
characters. The shaft of the roller 97 projects beyond one side of the frame and
carries a ratchet 98 which is engaged by a pawl 99 pivoted to a lever 100 carried by
the frame 95. To the top of the upper cross-bar 6 is secured an angled arm 101
which is adapted to engage the lever 100 as the frame 95 reaches the end of its
excursion after the printing of a line. The lever 100 is thus moved toward the
frame 95, turning the roller 97 sufficiently to feed the paper upward through a
distance equal to the space between the lines.
To the paper carriage frame 95 is attached one end of a right angled bar 102,
which extends rearwardly from the frame, then parallel with the rear face of the
frame, and is provided with an offset m³. Upon the inner edge of the bar is formed
a ratchet n¹ which is engaged by the retaining pawl o' and by the propelling pawl pl.
The retaining pawl o' is mounted on a shaft journaled in the main frame of the
machine and pressed forward into engagement with the ratchet n' by the spring.
Upon the plate 8 is supported the printing magnet 103 whose armature sis
mounted on a right angled lever 104 secured to a rock shaft t' journaled in brackets u¹
secured to the main frame of the machine. One arm of the lever 104 is offset and
extends toward the paper carriage. The other arm w¹ of the said lever, extends
parallel with the path of the paper carriage. The rearward movement of the arm w
is limited by a screw x¹. To the extremity of the arm ' is pivoted the propelling
pawl p', which engages the ratchet n'. The end y' of the pawl p' pivoted to the arm &¹

page_text: is bent at right angles and extends along the under surface of the arm ¹ toward the
shaft t, and is pressed by a curved spring secured to the extremity of the arm v².
The end y of the pawl is beveled, and to the under surface of the arm is pivoted a
latch a having its end beveled to correspond with the bevel of the end y¹ of the
pawl. The said latch is held in place in frictional contact with the under surface of
the arm by the spiral spring 12 mounted on the pivot of the latch, and held in place
by the head upon the lower end of the pivot.
Upon the extremity of the bar 102 is formed a nib d² which is capable of engaging
the latch a as the bar is carried forward by the paper carriage to the end of its
excursion, so as to bring the beveled end of the said latch a² into engagement with the
beveled end y¹ of the pawl pl, causing the latch a² to lock the pawl making a
temporary rigid connection between the pawl and lever so that both pawl and lever
will move together when the printing magnet acts upon its armature after reaching
the end of a line. The retaining pawl o' is provided with an arme which extends
over the back of the pawl pl and is engaged by the said pawl when it is moved in the
manner described, throwing it out of the ratchet n', so that the ratchet bar and the
paper carriage by which it is carried are free to return to the point of starting.
To the plate $ is secured a bracket which supports a stud g² upon which is
mounted a spring actuated drum 105, around which is wound a cord which is attached
to the frame 95 of the paper carriage. The spring drum 105 maintains the cord /² under
tension, and when the paper carriage is released through the disengagement of the
pawls p, o, in the manner described, the power stored in the spring, during the forward
movement of the paper carriage, causes the drum to revolve, rewinding the cord h² and
returning the paper carriage to the point of starting.
In the bar 102 is inserted a stud which strikes the latch a² as the paper carriage.
returns, disengaging it from the beveled end y' of the pawl p', allowing the said
pawl p and the retaining pawl o' to re-engage the ratchet n¹. The arm of the
lever 104 is drawn against the attraction of the magnet 103 by the spiral spring 106
connected with the hook 2 projecting from the arm ¹, and attached to a cord k²
connected with the tension screw 2 extending through the side plate 3, and serving to
vary the tension of the spring 106.
To plate 2 are attached two brackets m², m³ in which is journaled the rock
shaft 107, and upon the said rock shaft is mounted the printing lever 108, which
extends partly across the frame of the machine and supports the elastic printing pad o
opposite the face of the type wheel 32. The pad o2 is clamped against the under
surface of the lever 108 by screws p² passing through the lever into a clamping
plate 2, which bears upon the under surface of the pad o². In lieu of the pad o² I
may employ an elastic roller.
To the free end of the arm " of lever 104 is pivoted one end of a bar 109, the
opposite end of the said bar being pivotally connected with the free end of lever 108.
The bar 109 extends over the ratchet bar 102 and is provided with a projection
which is adapted to engage an arm s² secured to the rock shaft 36, and extending
downward within the bar 102.
On the rock shaft 107 is placed a spiral spring u², one end of which is attached to
the shaft, the other end being secured to the bracket n². The spring ² tends to turn
the shaft 107 so as to withdraw the printing pad o² from the type wheel.
Upon the shaft 36 is placed a spiral spring which is secured at one end to the
said shaft, and at the opposite end to the upward extension of the side plate 2 of the
main frame, the said spring being arranged to hold the lower end of the arm & in
contact with the projection on the bar 109.
To plate 8 is attached an electro-magnet 110, in front of which is supported the
armature by the lever 111, said lever being mounted on a rock shaft 112 pivoted in
ears projecting from the side plate 2 of the main frame of the machine. The
lever 111 is offset, and its upper end engages the end of the shaft 30, and serves to
push forward the said shaft when the lines of type on the type wheel are to be
shifted. The side of the lever 111 is beveled at its upper end, to receive the arm 37.
To the base of the instrument are secured binding posts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5ª, 6ª, 7ª, 8″,

page_text: and the switch 113 provided with two switch arms 114, 115, connected by an insulating
bar 116. The base of the switch is provided with contact points 117, 118. The
electrical connections are as follows:
One pole of the battery 119 is connected by a wire 120 with the magnet of the
relay 121, and from the said magnet a wire 122 extends to binding post 2ª.
From the said binding post a wire 123 extends to the three-armed lever 65. The
contact point 58 under the lever 65 is connected electrically with contact point 59
under lever 64, and the contact point 60 under lever 65 is connected electrically with
contact point 57 under lever 64. The contact point 60 is connected by a wire 124
with contact point in the insulating block 88. The spring 91 which is arranged
to contact with the point is connected by the wire 125 with the binding
post 3 and the said binding post is connected with the line wire 126 which extends
to the distant station and to the ground. The line wire 126 is connected by the
wire 127 with the arm 114 of the switch 113, and contact point 117 of the said
switch is connected by a wire 128 with the polarized magnets 45, 46, the said
magnets connecting electrically with the frame of the machine by the wire 129.
Between the magnets 45, 46 and the switch 113 a branch wire 130 extends from
wire 128 to the spring 90, and contact point d³ under the said spring is connected by
a wire 131 with contact point 59, and contact point 59 is connected by a wire 132
with contact point f¹ carried by block 88. The spring 94 arranged to contact with
the said point is connected electrically with the spring 91. Wire 124 connects the
point d with the point 60. The lever 64 communicates by a wire 133 with the
bar 86. The contact screw h³ above the arm 86° communicates by a wire 134 with
the binding post 1" which is connected with the remaining pole of the battery by a
wire 135. The wire 134 communicates electrically with spring 93 through the
wire 136 and contact point d' opposite the end of the spring 93 communicates by a
wire 137 with the bar 86". Contact point el carried by block 88 communicates
through the wire 138 with contact point 60), and spring 92 arranged opposite the said
contact point e' communicates by wire 139 with the bar 82, and the said bar 82 is
connected by a wire 140 with binding post 4", the said binding post being in
communication with the ground through the wire 141. A wire 142 is connected with
the ground wire 141 and with the pivot of switch arm 113, and contact point 118 of
switch 113 is connected by a wire 143 with the main frame of the instrument.
Lever 144 of relay 121 connects with one pole of the battery 145.
The relay is provided with front and back contacts 146, 147, and the front
contact 146 is in electrical connection with binding post 5ª, the said binding post
being connected by a wire 148 with one terminal of the magnet 110, the remaining
terminal of the said magnet being connected by the wire 149 with the binding post 6
which communicates electrically with the remaining pole of the battery 145. Binding
post 6ª is connected electrically with binding post 7", and the said binding post 7* is
connected by wire 150 with one terminal of the printing magnet 103. The remaining
terminal of the printing magnet 103 is connected by wire 151, with contact point 76
arranged under the contact spring 75 carried by the arm 73. The pivotal support of
arm 73 is connected by a wire 152 with the binding post 8ª, and the said binding
post communicates by a wire 153 with the back contact 147 of the relay 121.
The operation is as follows:
To receive from the distant station D the circuit is from the ground to the station,
from the station through the line wire 126, binding post 3", wire 125, spring 91,
contact point d, wire 124, contact point 60, lever. 65, wire 123, binding post 28,
wire 122, magnet of the relay 121, wire 120, battery 119, wire 135, binding post 1º,
wire 134, contact screw h¹, bracket i, bar 86%, wire 133, lever 64, contact point 59,
wire 131, spring 90, wire 130, wire 128, magnets 45, 46, wire 129, the frame of the
machine, wire 143, switch arm 115 (the switch being in the position shown in dotted
lines) and wire 142 to the ground.
The magnets 45, 46 are energized by alternating currents passing over line 126 and
under the influence of the alternating currents the armature lever 47 is oscillated
between the poles of the said magnets, allowing scape wheel 27 to turn intermittently,

page_text: one tooth at a time under the influence of the weight attached to the cord wound on
drum 13 of the driving gear. The pallet 49 allows of the escape of one tooth for each
oscillation, and so long as the current is regularly alternated the only effect of the
rotation of the scape wheel 27 is to allow the shaft 25 to revolve, and through the
medium of the pinion 26 return the type wheel shaft 30, and thus carry around
the type wheel 32 before the paper upon which the impression is to be made, and to
cause the arm 73 to ride upon the toothed wheel 27 and keep the circuit open between
spring 75 and contact point 76; but when the alternating current ceases the toothed
wheel 71 always stops with a notch between two of its teeth below the nib 74, so that
a contact between spring 75 and contact point 76 is immediately established.
So long as the alternating currents pass over the line and through the relay 121 the
armature lever 144 cannot complete an effective circuit through the back contact
point 147, as the contact is not maintained for a sufficient length of time to enable
the printing magnet placed in the said local circuit to operate; but when the current
ceases on the line the armature lever 144 falls back upon the point 147 and establishes
the local circuit, when the current flows from the battery 145 through armature
lever 144, contact point 147, wire 153, binding post 8, wire 152, lever 73, spring 75,
contact point 76, wire 151, printing magnet 103, wire 150, binding post 7, binding
post 6ª back to the battery. The printing magnet 103 being energized attracts its
armature 53, turns the lever 104 on its pivot, carries forward the bar 107, bringing
the printing pad o into contact with the paper immediately opposite the character or
letter upon the type wheel from which an impression is desired. The same movement
of the lever 104 draws back the pawl p' and brings it into engagement with a new
tooth of the ratchet bar 102, and when the armature s³ is released by the magnet 103,
spring 106 draws the arm of the lever 104 forward and by virtue of the engagement
of the propelling pawl p' with the rack bar 102 moves the said bar forward and with
it the paper carriage 95 a distance equal to the width of one letter, and the required
space between the letter and the succeeding letter. The forward motion of the paper
carriage is against the retractile power of the spring contained in the drum 105, and
the paper carriage is retained in its new position by the spring actuated retaining pawl o'.
The operation just described is repeated as many times as there are letters in the word.
To secure the spacing of the words it is only necessary to interrupt the main line
circuit so as to secure an action of the magnet 103 and parts connected therewith
without operating the escapement.
As hereinbefore described, the type wheel 32 has two circumferential rows of type,
one row represented by the upper bank of keys in the transmitting instrument,
and the other row by the lower bank of keys. When the keys of the lower bank
are depressed the greater part of the resistance of the transmitting instrument is cut
out and a strong current is sent over the line which energizes the magnets. Relay 121
draws forward its armature 144 and completes the local circuit through the type
wheel shifting magnet 110, the current flowing from the local battery 145 through the
armature lever 144, contact point 146, binding post 5ª, wire 148, magnet 110,
wire 149 and binding post 6ª back to the battery. The armature w² of the magnet 110
being drawn forward tilts the lever 111 on its pivots and moves the type wheel
shaft 30 endwise, carrying the type wheel 32 laterally and bringing the row of type
corresponding with the upper bank of keys opposite the printing pad o². The latch 37
drops behind the upper end of lever 111 and holds it in the position in which it is
placed by the magnet 110, and when the normal alternating current passes over the
line the escapement worked as before; but when the current ceases the printing
magnet becomes energized by the local battery, the circuit having been completed by
the falling back of the armature lever 144 of relay 121, as before described.
When the printing bar 103 moves forward in the operation of printing, the
projection engages the arm and lifts the latch 37, releasing the lever 111,
allowing the spring 34 to return shaft 30 and type wheel 32 to their original positions.
When the paper carriage reaches the end of its excursion the rod d² engages the
latch a² and causes it to lock the pawl p' in a fixed position relative to the arm of
lever 104, so that when the lever 104 is operated as for printing, it lifts the pawl pl

page_text: out of the ratchet bar 102, and the said pawl also lifts the retaining pawl o¹ from the
said ratchet bar, allowing the spring contained by drum 105 to draw the paper
carriage back to the point of starting. During its return movement lever 100 is
engaged by the angled arm 101, carrying forward the pawl 99, which by its engage-
ment with the ratchet wheel 98 on the rear paper feed roll 97 causes the said roll to
revolve through a sufficient distance to feed the paper upward for the beginning of a
new letter. In its return to the point of starting the ratchet bar 102 carries the
stud against the latch a², disengaging it from the pawl p' and leaving it in condition
to act as before.
For transmitting purposes the switch 113 is placed in the position shown in
Figure 11. When a key in the lower bank is depressed (the L-key, for example) the
bars 86 and 86° are carried down and contact broken between springs 90, 91 and
points d³, d, also between arm and the contact screw ¹, and the circuit is then from
the battery 119 through wire 120, relay 121, wire 122, binding post 2ª, wire 123,
lever 65 contact point 60, wire 138, contact point e¹, spring 91, wire 139, wire 140,
binding post 4, wire 141 to the ground; and from the ground to the line 126 at the
distant station through binding post 3", wire 125, spring 94, wire 132, contact
points 59, 58, lever 64, wire 133, wire 137, contact point d', spring 95, wire 136, and
wire 138 back to the battery.
R
The depressing of the key brings one of the levers o into contact with one of the
points son bar 82, and upon removing the finger from the key the return of the
bar 86 to its normal position brings the upper contact points carried by the insulating
block 88 against the springs 90, 91 and breaks the circuit between the lower contact
points carried by the said block and the springs 92, 93, 94; at the same time it
establishes the circuit through the arm and contact screw . The current then
flows from battery 119 through wire 120 relay 121, wire 122, binding post 2,
wire 123, lever 65, contact point 60, wire 124, contact point d', spring 91, wire 125,
binding post 3, line wire 126, through the distant station 1) to the ground, from the
ground to the wire 141, binding post 4", wire 140, bar 82, lever o¹, the frame of the
machine, wire 129, magnets 46, 45, wires 128, 130, spring 90, contact point d³,
wire 131, contact point 59, lever 64, wire 133, contact arm ¹, contact screw h¹,
wire 134, binding post 1", wire 135, to the battery. When the three-armed levers 64
and 65 rest on contact points 57 and 58 the current is reversed. The current flowing
through the magnets 45, 46, vibrates the armature 48 and the armature lever 47 of
the said magnets, and operates the escapement so that the shaft 25 revolves; at the
same time the levers 64, 65 are oscillated by virtue of their connection with the
armature lever 47, and by means of the cross connections between the contact
points 57, 58, 59, 60 the current is reversed during each oscillation of the levers.
The rotation of shaft 25 continues until the appropriate pin 28 strikes the end of the
lever o and lifts it from contact point s, thus breaking the circuit and causing the
operation of the printing magnet at both the sending and receiving stations in
the manner before described. When one key of the upper bank is depressed the
bar 86 and parts associated therewith remain in their normal position, and the
depression of one of the upper keys m, (the one marked M for example) tilts one
of the levers o so as to make contact with one of the contact points s' and the bar 82,
and breaks the circuit between the arm and contact screw h³.
The first effect of the depression of the key M is to send a strong current over the
line, which causes the armature lever 144 of the relay 121 to be drawn forward
completing the circuit of the local battery 145, through and energizing the magnet 110
so as to shift the type wheel shaft 30 bringing another row of type on the type wheel
into position for use, as previously described, the shaft 30 being held in this position
by the latch 37. The depression of the key lever brings the lever o into contact with
one of the points s¹ on the bar 82, and on releasing the key lever the circuit is from
battery 119, through wire 120, magnet of the relay 121 wire 122, binding post 20,
wire 123, lever 65, contact point 60, wire 124, contact point d', spring 91, wire 125,
binding post 3, line wire 126, the ground wire 141, binding post 4", wire 140, bar 82,
contact points, lever o, frame of the machine, wire 129, magnets 46, 45, wires 128, 130,

page_text: spring 90, point d³, wire 131, contact point 59, lever 64, wire 133, bar 86", arm 86,
contact screw h¹, arm, wire 134, binding post 1", and wire 135 to the battery. The
rotation of the type wheel is effected in the manner before described, and when the
type wheel stops the printing is done by the drawing forward of the armature
lever 104, and simultaneously with the printing the latch 37 is released from the end
of the shaft 30 allowing it to regain its original position.
The instruments are brought to unison in the following manner: The operator at the
same instant depresses the dash (-) key on the keyboard and the unison key E attached
to the plate 2 of the frame. He then releases the dash key which completes the line
circuit and the commutator then begins to vibrate. This action turns the shaft 25 of
the transmitting instrument until the pin 49 in said shaft 25 engages with the
projection 50 in the spring of the unison key E and at the same time turns the
shaft 30 of the receiving instrument until the pin 37" projecting from the spring 38
engages the pin 35ª projecting from the screw 35; both the shaft 25 of the trans-
mitter and 30 of the receiver are thus brought to rest while the commutator continues
to vibrate. The release of the key E allows the shaft 25 to turn until the pin 28
strikes and releases the dash (-) lever o and breaks the circuit. The receiving
instrument then prints and releases the pin 35" when both instruments stand at the
same point, and the transmission of messages may proceed as usual.
To the bar 86 is attached a key F by means of which the said bar may be depressed
without moving any of the keys or setting the type wheel of either the transmitter or
receiver in rotation. This effects the spacing of words or letters without operating
the printing mechanism by momentarily breaking the circuit, allowing the armature
lever 144 of the magnet 121 to fall back and complete the local circuit through the
printing magnet 103.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a printing telegraph, the combination with the keys of the transmitting
instrument, of levers o and contact points s¹ arranged in the main circuit, the scape
wheel shaft 25 provided with pins 28 adapted to trip the levers and springs 81 and
fingers for holding the levers o in contact with the points s¹ when the circuit is
completed, or away from the said points when the circuit is broken.
2. In a printing telegraph transmitter, the combination with two banks of keys
representing two sections of the alphabet, of switching mechanism adapted to transmit
to the line and distant receiving instrument, currents of different strength, and electro-
imagnetic type wheel shifting devices adapted to be operated by a strong current,
substantially as described.
3. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a transmitter provided with
two banks of keys, each bank representing two series of characters, a inovable type
wheel provided with two rows of characters corresponding to the series of characters
of the transmitting instrument, and means for shifting the type wheel and holding it
in position to secure a correspondence between the impression inade by the mechanism
and the key depressed in the transmitter, substantially as described.
4. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a relay in the main line
circuit provided with an armature lever and front and back contacts, communicating
with the local circuits and battery, a printing magnet, two local circuits, one adapted
to be completed by the forward movement of the relay armature, and the other by the
backward movement of the armature, a printing magnet arranged in one of the local
circuits, a circuit closer in the printing magnet circuit arranged to be held open by
the type wheel revolving mechanism, and a type wheel shifting magnet arranged in
the other circuit, substantially as described.
5. In a printing telegraph, the combination of the magnet 103 placed in the local
circuit, a relay 121 in the line circuit, and arranged to control the local circuit, the
circuit closer operated by the type wheel mechanism, the angled lever 104, carrying
the armature, the bar 109 pivoted to said lever, the arın 108 carrying the printing
pad o and pivotally connected with the bar 109, the type wheel 32, and means for
B

page_text: supporting the paper for receiving the impression between the printing pad and the
type wheel, substantially as described.
6. The combination of the printing magnet 103, the angled armature lever 104,
spring 106, lever 104, the pawl pl pivoted to the said armature lever 104 and provided
with the arm y', the latch a² pivoted to the lever 104, the paper carriage 95, the
ratchet bar 102 provided with the nib 2, and stud and adapted to be operated by
the pawl p', and the spring actuated retaining pawl o' reaching over the pawl p³,
substantially as described.
7. In a printing telegraph receiver, the combination of the type wheel shaft 30, the
type wheel 32 carried thereby and provided with two rows of characters, the type
wheel shifting magnet 110, the lever 111, the armature attached thereto, adapted
to engage the end of the shaft 30, the latch 37, shaft 36 provided with the arin s², the
printing magnet 103, armature s³ and angled armature lever 104, the spring 106, and
the bar 109 provided with the projection 2 adapted to engage the lever s³, substan-
tially as described.
8. In a printing telegraph receiver, the combination with the paper carriage 95
adapted to move in front of the type wheel 32, of the rollers 96, 97 journaled in the
carriage and adapted to engage the paper to be printed upon, the ratchet wheel 98
attached to the shaft of the roller 97, the lever 100 pivoted to the paper carriage,
pawl 99 pivotally connected with the lever 100, the angled bar 101 fixed to the fraine
of the instrument, the spring drum 105, and the cord h² attached to the drum and
connected with the paper carriage, substantially as described.
9. In a commutator for printing telegraphs, the combination of the vibrating
levers 64, 65 connected with the line circuit, contact points 57, 59, 58, 60 connected
by cross wires and communicating with the line circuits, and means, substantially as
shown and described for simultaneously oscillating the two levers in the same
direction and bringing them into positive contact with their respective contact points.
10. In a commutator for printing telegraphs, the combination with the oscillating
levers 64, 65, of springs k and fingers j pivoted in the said springs, engaging the said
levers 64, 65 and adapted to hold them in either of the two positions in which they
are placed, substantially as described.
11. In a printing telegraph receiver, the combination of the polarized magnets 45,
and 46, the armature 48, armature lever 47, pallets 49, scape wheel 27 secured to
shaft 25, the lever 68 connecting rod 69, the commutator levers 64, 65 provided with
studs and the springs provided with fingers ; for engaging the commutator
levers 64, 65 and holding them in either of the positions in which they are placed by
the lever 68, substantially as described.
12. In a commutator for printing telegraphs, one or more levers 64 having contact
points located on opposite sides of the pivot of the lever, an electrically operated lever
connected with the commutator lever, and a spring adapted to bring the contact points
of the commutator lever into positive contact with fixed points or surfaces communi-
cating with the circuit wires, substantially as described.
13. In a commutator for printing telegraphs, two oscillating three-armed levers
pivotally supported independently of each other and connected in the circuit of a line
battery, each lever having contact points upon opposite sides of its pivot, an electro-
magnetically operated lever adapted to simultaneously move both of the commutator
levers, a double acting spring fitted to hold the commutator levers in either of the two
positions in which they may be placed, fixed contact points arranged to antagonize
those of the commutator levers, and the circuit wires connected with the fixed contact
points, substantially as described.
14. In a printing telegraph, the combination with the magnets 45, 46 located in
the line circuit and provided with an armature common to both magnets, a pole
changer or commutator located in the line circuit and actuating both transmitter
and receiver, the pallets 49 and scape wheel 27 of the transmitting station, the
magnets 45, 46 provided with an armature common to both magnets, pallets 49
operated by said armature, and the scape wheel 27 of the receiving station, substan-
tially as described.

page_text: 15. In a printing telegraph, the combination with an electric generator, of the
magnets 45, 46 provided with an armature common to both and placed in the circuit
of the generator, a commutator operated by said magnets 45, 46, the pallets 49,
scape wheel 27, the toothed wheel 71, the circuit closing lever 73 adapted to be lifted
by the toothed wheel 71, the contact spring 75 carried by the said lever and adapted
to close the local circuit at the transmitting station, a similar arrangement of mecha-
nism at the receiving station, and the line and local circuit connections, substantially
as described.
16. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with the electric generator, of
magnets 45, 46 in the circuit of the generator, the commutator arranged to be operated
by said magnets, the transmitting keys m, n, the levers o, the power driven shaft 25
provided with pins 28, a circuit breaker adapted to be operated by the said pins, a
magnetically operated escapement arranged to control the shaft 25 of the transmitting
station, and the electro-magnetically operated escapement and printing mechanism of
the receiving station substantially as described.
L
17. The combination, with the keys of a printing telegraph, of the circuit-closing
levers o, contact points arranged in the line circuit, and circuit-breaking devices 86"
and and arranged below the keys and adapted to hold the circuit open so long as
the keys are depressed, substantially as described.
18. In a printing telegraph, the longitudinally movable rotating type-wheel shaft,
and means, substantially as described, for revolving and shifting said shaft, a latch for
holding the said shaft in position when shifted, a lever for releasing the said latch, and
a type-wheel carried by the type-wheel shaft and provided with characters disposed in
parallel circular series around the periphery of the wheel, substantially as described.
19. In a printing telegraph, a type-wheel having the characters of the alphabet,
divided, and arranged in two circular parallel series, a shaft supporting said type-
wheel, and means for retaining the said type-wheel and shifting it laterally so as to
bring either series of characters into position for printing, substantially as described.
20. In a printing-telegraph transmitter, the combination of two banks of keys 84, 85,
the bar 86 adapted to be operated by the lower bank of keys and carrying the
insulating block 88, the contact points ³, d', d¹, e¹, f¹ carried by the said insulating
block, the springs 90, 91 adapted to touch the contact points d³, d, the springs 92, 93, 94
adapted to touch the contact points d, e, f, the bar 86" pivoted to the frame,
adapted to be operated by both banks of keys, and carrying the arm i, the contact
screw h, and the line and local connections, substantially as described.
21. The combination with the circuit wires 127, 142, 143, 128, of the switch 113
provided with two arms 114, 115 insulated from each other and adapted to be moved
simultaneously for shifting the circuit for transmitting and receiving, substantially as
described.
22. In a printing telegraph, the combination, with the magnets 45, 46, located in
the line circuit and provided with an armature common to both magnets, a pole-
changer or commutator located in the line circuit and actuating both transmitter
and receiver, the pallets 49 and scape-wheel 27 of the transmitting station, the
magnets 45, 46, provided with an armature common to both magnets, pallets 49
operated by said armature, the scape-wheel 27 of the receiving-station, and relay-
magnets arranged in the line circuit and adapted to control the local circuit, substan-
tially as described.