Improvements in and relating to Wheels for Velocipedes.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 30th June, 1891
Complete Specification Left, 30th Mar., 1892-Accepted, 30th Apr. 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Wheels for Velocipedes.
We GEORGE LEONARD MORRIS, WILLIAM THOMAS WILSON and NATHANIEL
HENRY STRICKLAND, of the "Referee" Cycle Works, Turnmill Street, Farringdon
Road in the City and County of London, Cycle Manufacturers, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to an improved construction of suspension wheel, and it has
for its object, simplification of construction, reduction of the cost of manufacture,
and the general improvement of this type of wheel.
We attain this end by constructing our improved wheel in the following
manner :- -We take two steel cups adapted to form the races for the ball bearings,
and having small flanges of a diameter slightly exceeding that of the cups; on.
each of these flanges on the opposite side to that forming the cups, is formed a
circular flange adapting the cups to be inserted in the ends of a sleeve or cylinder,
to which they are fixed by sweating or otherwise. The hub thus formed is therefore
of the same diameter from one end to the other, the ball bearing races excepted.
For a driving wheel, one of the cups is so shaped as to form, or carry, a chain
wheel, and also a brake drum if required.
Through the sleeve or cylinder of this hub are formed or drilled a number of
holes for the spokes. Supposing there are to be forty spokes in the wheel there
will be eight holes in each end of the sleeve or cylinder. These holes may be
formed through the sleeve or cylinder forming the two cupped ends, or through the
flanges on the said cupped ends, or through both where they come together, as
found most convenient. The spokes are arranged in pairs, i.e., two spokes are
formed out of one length of wire, each length passing into the hub through one
hole and out at another, the free ends being connected to the rim of the wheel by
any suitable form of nipple. Each length of wire leaves the sleeve or cylinder of
the hub by the next hole but one to that it entered by, the two ends of the wire
being carried to the rim of the wheel at a tangent, or approximately so, to the
periphery of the hub. Each hole in the hub receives two spokes. Where the
spokes cross (both inside the hub as well as outside if so desired) they are fastened
together, either by our patent sleeves, or by wire in the ordinary manner.
Dated this 30th do of June 1801
ROBT. ED. PHILLIPS, M.I.M.E.,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Wheels for Velocipedes.
We GEORGE LEONARD MORRIS, WILLIAM THOMAS WILSON and NATHANIEL
HENRY STRICKLAND of the "Referee" Cycle Works Turnmill Street Farringdon
Road in the City and County of London, Cycle Manufacturers, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to an improved construction of suspension wheel, and it
has for its object, simplification of construction, reduction of the cost of manu-
facture, and the general improvement of this type of wheel.
We attain this end by constructing our improved wheel in the following
manner :- -We take two steel cups adapted to form the races for the ball bearings

page_text: and having small flanges of a diameter only slightly exceeding that of the cups
and adapted when the cups are inserted in the ends of the sleeve or cylinder forming
the hub to bear against the ends of the said sleeve or cylinder to which they are
fixed, by sweating or otherwise. The hub thus formed is therefore of the same
diameter from one end to the other. For a driving wheel, one of the cups is so
shaped as to form or carry a chain wheel, and the other may be shaped to form or
carry a brake drum if desired.
Through the sleeve or cylinder of this hub are formed or drilled a number of
holes for the spokes. Supposing there are to be 32 spokes in the wheel there will
be 8 holes in each end of the sleeve or cylinder. These holes may be formed
through the sleeve or cylinder joining the two cupped ends, or through the flanges
on the said cupped ends, or through both where they come together, as found most
convenient. The spokes are preferably arranged in pairs, that is two spokes are
formed out of one length of wire, each length passing into the hub through one
hole and out at another, the free ends being connected to the rim of the wheel by
any suitable form of nipple. Each length of wire leaves the sleeve or cylinder of
the hub by the next hole but one to that it entered by, the two ends of the wire
being carried to the rim of the wheel at a tangent or approximately so to the
periphery of the hub. Each hole in the hub receives two spokes, where the spokes
cross (both inside the hub as well as outside if so desired) they are fastened together
by our patent sleeves or by wire in the ordinary manner.
As a modification single spokes may be used, in which case the holes in the
sleeve of the hub are drilled at such an angle that the spokes can be inserted
through the ends of the sleeve or cylinder forming the hub.
In order that our invention may be fully understood we will more particularly
describe it making reference to the accompanying drawing in which
Figure 1 is a view in longitudinal section showing our invention,
Figures 2 and 3 are broken views in longitudinal section showing modifications
thereof,
Figure 4 is a view in transverse section showing how the cross spokes are
inserted, and
Figure is a view in transverse section showing the spoke holes arranged for
single spokes.
Throughout these views similar parts are marked with like letters of reference.
The hub consists of a plain sleeve or cylinder A, and in each end of the said
sleeve or cylinder are fixed, by sweating or otherwise, steel cups B, B, forming
the races for the ball bearings. These cups have small flanges b, b, adapted to
bear against the ends of the sleeve or cylinder, and extensions 6', 6', beyond the
ball races for the spokes to pass through as shown by Figures 4 and 5 of the
accompanying drawing. When the hub is intended for a driving wheel one of
the cups
B is shaped to form or carry a chain wheel as shown by Figure 2 of the
accompanying drawing, and when a drum brake is used one of the said cups may
also be shaped to form or carry the drum.
As a modification we sometimes make the sleeve or cylinder A in one piece with
the cups B, B, as shown by Figure 3 of the accompanying drawing.
Through the sleeve or cylinder are drilled holes a, a, etc., for the spokes which
are preferably arranged as shown by Figure 4 of the accompanying drawing each
length of wire forming two spokes, the free ends of the spokes being connected to
the rim of the wheel by suitable nipples. Each hole in the sleeve or cylinder
receives two spokes and where the spokes cross they are fastened together either
by our patent sleeves or by wire in the ordinary manner. When single spokes are
used "headed" at the hub and "nippled" at the rim the holes a¹, a', etc., are
drilled in the sleeve or cylinder A at such an angle as will allow of the spokes
being inserted through the ends of the sleeve or cylinder as shown by Figures 2
and 3 of the accompanying drawing.
We wish it to be particularly understood that we do not limit ourselves to the
precise details of construction herein before described and shown but that we hold

page_text: ourselves at liberty to make such modification therein as fairly fall within the spirit
and scope of our invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
1. The improvements in wheels for velocipedes, as hereinbefore described and
illustrated by the accompanying drawing.
2. In a wheel for a velocipede, forming the hub of a plain sleeve or cylinder
without flanges, as set forth.
3. In a wheel for a velocipede, forming the hub of a plain sleeve and threading
the spokes through radial holes therein, as set forth.
4. In a wheel for velocipedes, the combination of a plain cylindrical hub, and of
cups adapted to be fixed in the ends thereof to form the ball races of bearings, as
set forth.
5. In a wheel for velocipedes, the combination of a plain cylindrical hub, and of
cups adapted to fit in the ends thereof and form the ball races of the bearings, and
having radial flanges b, b, and extensions 6, 6, through which holes are drilled for
the spokes to pass, as set forth.
6. In a wheel for velocipedes, a hub of plain cylindrical exterior form having
the inner parts of its ends shaped to form ball races for the bearings and having
radial holes for the spokes, as set forth.
7. In a wheel for velocipedes, forming the hub of a plain sleeve or cylinder and
attaching the spokes thereto by passing them in pairs across segments of the said
hub through radial holes therein, as set forth.
Dated this 30th day of March 1892.
ROBT. ED. PHILLIPS, M.I.M.E.,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.