IMPROVEMENTS" IN SELF-ACTING LATHES OR MACHENES FOR COR: ROLLERS AND OTHER ROUND OBJECTS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki, Proprietor of the Firní,
of J Brandt & G. W: v. Nawrocki, Patent Solicitor and Civil Engineer,
of 1.24; Leipzigerstrasse, Berlin, Germany, for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS"
IN SELF-ACTING LATHES OR MACHENES FOR
COR:
ROLLERS AND OTHER ROUND OBJECTS." A communication from the
Werkzeug und Maschinenfabrik Oerlikon, at Oerlikon, ear, Zurich,
Switzerland.
•
CUTTING RIFLE GROOVES IN
J
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von
Nawrocki at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd May
1881.
GERARD. WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, Proprietor of the Firm of J. Brandt
& G. W. y. Nawrocki, Patent Solicitor and Civil Engineer, of 124, Leipziger-
strasse, Berlin, Germany IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING LATHES OR MACHINES?
FOR CUTTING RIFLE GROOVES IN ROLLERS AND OTHER ROUND OBJECTS,
(A communication from the Werkzeug und "Maschinenfabrik Oerlikon, at Oerlikon,
near Zurich, Switzerland.)
On the lathe bed are placed plummer blocks for the shaft or arbor or arbors on
which the roller or rollers are fixed, which are to have rifle grooves cut or turned
in them. Two such arbors, each with its roller, may be thus placed in four
plummer blocks in a line lengthways on the lathe bed, and with a central plummer
block for taking the meeting ends of the two arbors. The plummer blocks are
fixed when they have been adjusted in position. There is a slide rest for each
roller to be rifled, or there may be a slide rest on each side of each roller, the tool
of one for the first or rough cuf, and the fool of the other for the second or following
or finishing cut, whereby the work is much expedited, and the strain on the
hearings neutralized.
.
The guide screw for working the slide rests is placed along the one side of the
lathe bed. The two slide rests are coupled by means of links or rods united by
'

page_text: right and left handed nut or running socket for adjusting their exact distance
apart.
The shaft or spindle for the driving pulley or pulleys is arranged transversely
under the headstock, and has bevil wheel which drives a bevil wheel running
loose on the guide screw, and having clutch teeth which can be thrown in gear
with a clutch sliding on a feather on the guide screw, which latter will then be
revolved. When the clutch is thrown in the opposite direction it throws a worm
wheel in gear, which is on a boss on the guide screw. On the end of the guide
screw spindle there is a worm, which gears with a worm wheel, which by means
of change wheels drives a worm gearing in a worm wheel segment loose on the
carrier disc at the back end of the hollow headstock or carrier spindle, on which is
fixed a worm wheel having its bearing in a recess in the aforesaid wheel segment,
and gearing with a worm. As long as this latter does not turn the carrier spindle
and hence also the roller or rollers operated on are in fixed connection with the
wheel segment, and the roller or rollers will thus in the forward and back move-
ment follow the wheel segment, which is worked from the leading screw, but the
spindle of the said worm is by means of bevil gear in connection with a pawl, and
when the latter turns the roller operated on will turn relatively to the wheel
segment. The amount of turning must be in exact accordance with the width of a
rifting; this is done by means of the resistance of a pawl on a bracket on the head-
stock plummer block lid whenever the pawl wheel, by the turning of the segment
wheel, is carried round against the pawl. This latter is by means of a helical
spring in its interior held in its proper raised position. As it is placed or turned
higher or lower it will turn the pawl wheel "one or more teeth. By inserting paw]
wheels with different number and pitch of teeth any required rifle division or pitch
may be obtained, and that absolutely correct, as the pawl always leaves the pawl
wheel at a like point, and the roller hence cannot turn forward without the pawl
wheel turning simultaneously.
:
As the rifle grooves are to be to the right or the left the pawl wheel is placed at
one or the other of its spindles.
The tool holder in the slide rest is constructed with the view of either cutting
two rifle grooves at the same time, or causing one tool to make the first or rough
cut, and the other the second or following or finishing cut.
Two tool holders may thus be arranged side by side in each slide rest; they are
round, and consist each of two unequal parts; in the larger part the steel is let in.
while the other or smaller part serves as a lid, and the tool not being in the centre
of the holder it will change position vertically and laterally as the holder is turned
round its axis. The holder is fixed in position by means of set screws, or by straps
and screws. Both holders are in a block which can turn on a vertical pivot.
One of the tool holders fits not directly in the block, but in an inner block.
which can be adjusted slightly vertically by a wedge piece. Each tool holder is
adjusted lengthways as required by means of a screw.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd November 1881.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, Proprietor of the Firm of J. Brandt and
G. W. v. Nawrocki, Patent Solicitor and Civil Engineer, of 124, Leipziger-
strasse, Berlin, Germany. IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING LATHES OR MACHINES
FOR CUTTING RIFLE GROOVES IN ROLLERS AND OTHER ROUND OBJECTS."
(A communication from the Werkzeug und Maschinenfabrik Oerlikon, at Oerlikon,
near Zurich, Switzerland.)
The object of this Invention is especially to produce a machine or tool which
shall be suitable for cutting rifle grooves of any desired pitch and number in hard
rollers, such as are used in roller mills. And in order that this Invention may
be fully understood I will now describe the same with reference to the accom-
panying Drawings, of which Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, of a
Tathe constructed specially for this purpose; Figure 2, an end view from the right
hand side; Figure 3, an end view, from the left hand side; and Figure 4, at
plan.
On the lathe bed are placed plunimer blocks for the shaft or arbor or arbors on
which the roller or rollers are fixed which are to have rifle grooves cut or turned
in them. Two such arbors A. A', each with its roller D, D', may, as shown in
Figures and 4, be thus placed.in four plummer blocks B, B, and B, B', in a line
lengthways on the lathe bed, and with a central plummer block C for taking the
meeting ends of the two arbors A, A. The plummer blocks are fixed when they
have been adjusted in position. There is a slide rest E, E, for each roller to be
riffed, as here shown (or there may be a slide rest on each side of each roller; the
tool of one for the first or rough cut, and the tool of the other for the second or
following or finishing cut, whereby the work is much expedited, and the strain on
the bearings neutralized. As two or more rollers are rifle grooved simultaneously,
these machines will also, both as to amount and quality, show material advantages
as compared with the heretofore usual rifling machines, and especially for the
rifling of guns.
The driving shaft is arranged transversely to the lathe, and has reversing gear
so arranged with spur wheels and worm wheel gear that the slide rests move
slowly on during work and quickly back by means of bevil wheels.
From the
guide screw and by means of change wheels at the left or front end of the lathe
the left inclination of the rifle grooves can be determined, and by means of a
further motion changes the right inclination. On the carrier spindle is placed the
appliance for dividing the grooves in the roller, and this appliance may also be
used in connection with a wheel cutting machine for wheel dividing. The shaft a
with driving pulleys is arranged transversely under the headstock, and transmits
motion by spur wheels c, d, to a lower spindle d, and this latter by worm e and
worm-wheel on the guiding screw g, whereby the slide rests, E, E, are moved
slowly during the work.
The guide screw for working the slide rests is placed along the one side of the
lathe bed, as shown. The two slide rests E, E, are coupled by means of links or
rods m, united by right and left handed nut or running socket m² for adjusting
their exact distance apart.
Between the worm wheel and the bevil wheel . both loose on the guide
screw g, there is a sliding clutch i having a clutch leverk, which by means of the
rod m with adjustable stop n is connected to the slide rests E, E. The clutch
lever is pushed along by the latter until the clutch i comes out of gear, and the
lever. has turned its dead point, when it throws the clutchdim for the notion of

page_text: the slide rests in the opposite direction by means of springs lever o; a regular
reversing is thus effected. On the end of the guide screw spindle y there is a
worm which gears with a worm wheel pl on a spindle y, which by means of
change wheels in the frame (the change wheels being arranged according to
the desired pitch of rifle grooves) drives a worm a mounted on a spindle,, and
gearing in a worm wheel segment loose on the back end of the hollow headstock
or carrier spindle w.
For forming straight grooves in the rollers the frame is brought out of
connection. The division of the grooves in the circumference of the roller is easily
effected by means of the dividing appliance. On the carrier spindle is fixed a
worm wheel, having its bearings in a recess in the aforesaid wheel segment t, and
gearing with a worm .. As long as this latter does not turn, the carrier spindle w
and hence also the roller or rollers D, D', operated on are in fixed connection with
the wheel segment t, and the roller or rollers will thus, in the forward and back
movement follow the wheel segment which is worked from the leading screw g
but the spindle of the said worm is by means of bevil gear & in connection with
a pawl wheely, and when this latter turns the roller operated on will turn
relatively to the wheel segment t. The amount of turning must be in exact
accordance with the width of a rifling; this is done by means of the resistance of a
pawl on a bracket d' on the headstock plummer block lid e' whenever the pawl
wheel by the turning of the segment wheel is carried round against the pawl,
This latter is by means of a helical spring in its interior held in its proper raised
position. As it is placed or turned higher or lower, it will turn the pawl wheel
one or more teeth. By inserting pawl wheels with different number and pitch of
teeth any required rifle division or pitch may be obtained, and that absolutely
correct, as the pawl always leaves the pawl wheel at a like point, and the roller
hence cannot turn forward without the pawl wheel y turning simultaneously. The
change wheels inserted in the frame determine the inclination of the grooves.
As the rifle grooves are to be to the right or the left, the pawl wheel y
is placed
in the boss K or K' at one or the other end of the bevil wheel spindles.
The tool holder in the slide rest is constructed with the view of either cutting
two rifle grooves at, the same time, or causing one tool to make the first or rough
cut, and the other the second or following or finishing cut, also so that the tools are
inactive in the return travel.
ין
Two tool holders c, d, may thus, as shown, be arranged side by side in cach
slide rest; they are round, and consist each of two unequal parts. In the larger
part the steel is let in, while the other or smaller part serves as a lid, and the tool not
being in the centre of the holder it will change position vertically and laterally as
the holder is turned round its axis. The holder is fixed in position by means of
set screws i', or by straps and screws.
Both holders are in a block 0, which can
turn on a vertical pivot h. When the slide rest E comes against the rod K', the
spring will be put in tension, and the bell crank lever he stops the block of,
which has turned itself round so far as to release the tools. When the return travel
is quite completed the rod K brings the lever m² out again, and brings the spring fi
of the tools back into the right position.
One of the tool holders c³, that is, the left hand one, fits not directly in the
block o'; but in an inner block, which can be adjusted slightly vertically by a
wedge piece g¹. Each tool holder is adjusted lengthways, as required, by means of
wheels, the screw spindles of which are connected with. the tool holders by
micans of a fork. All the, movable tool holders are coniected by means of the
rod with adjustable right and left hand nut m², so that they are thrown out of
gear together.
And having thus described and ascertained the nature of this Invention, and
how the same is or may be carried into effect as communicated to me, I declare
that I claim,―
First. In automatic rifle grooving machines the construction of reversing gear,
substantially as described.

page_text: Second. In automatic rifle grooving machines and wheel cutting machines the
mode of connecting the guide screw with the reversing gear, substantially as
described.
Third. In automatic rifle grooving machines the arrangement of double tool
holder, substantially as described.
Fourth. In automatic rifle grooving machines the disengaging gear for the cutting
tools, substantially as described.
Fifth. The combination of parts forming the single, double, or multiple rifle
grooving machine, substantially as described,
In witness whereof, I, the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of October, One
thousand eight hundred and eighty-one.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI. (L.S.)