Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Dec., 1886.
Specification Accepted, 11th Jan., 1887
I, ARTHUR RICE, residing at New Albany, in the County of Floyd and State of
Indiana, one of the United States of America, mechanic, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a machine for forming in sand-molds for casting iron
and other metallic articles, and the present invention is a modification of the machine
set forth in my patent, No. 8530, of 1885, and the invention consists in a sand-
molding machine in which the pattern and its bed are stationary and rigidly affixed
to an immovable member of the inachine, combined with a moving flask, substantially
as hereinafter particularly set forth and claimed.
In the accompanying drawings, in the several figs. of which like parts are
similarly designated, figure, 1, is a perspective view of my machine in the position
of compressing. Fig. 2, is a similar view, with the binder swung aside ready to
receive a fresh flask. Figure, 3, is a side view of a modification, wherein the
"draw" is at an angle. Figure, 4, is a vertical section with the parts in position
to begin compressing or remove a molded flask. Figure, 5, is a similar view
taken at right angles to the view in fig. 4. Figure, 6, is a vertical section of
the parts in the position of fig. 1. Figure, 7, is a perspective view of a one-piece
pattern and pattern-bed; & figure, 8, shows in perspective, details of the false part
and flask. Figure, 9, shows the improved cope and drag in perspective.
The frame-work, a, is of approved construction to receive a main driving shaft, b,
to which power may be applied from a band wheel, c, through a counter shaft, d;
worm, e, thereon, and worm-wheel f, on the main shaft. The parts in this machine
corresponding with like parts in the machine illustrated in the Patent No. 8530;
aforesaid are herein similarly designated.
q, is the box or "false-part," provided with the rigidly affixed depending shanks, r,
which have vertical movement in the guide ways, 8, on the sides of the frame-
work. The false part is provided with pitman-rods, t, which in this instance are
connected eccentrically to the worm-wheel, f, on one side and a disk or crank, fl;
on the other side. (See figures, 4, and, 6.) Obviously the rotation of the shaft, b,
will alternately raise and lower the false-part on the bearings it has on the rabbeted
portions, p, of the frame-work. The half-flask, v³, is of usual construction.

page_text: In figures, 1, 2, and, 3, the binder, y, is constructed and applied substantially
as follows: "The binder has at one end a hub, y¹, which receives within it an
internally screw-threaded sleeve having a collar at its lower end to support the hub
of the binder as shown at, y², in figures, 1, and, 2, and this sleeve has a turn-
button, y3, at top. This sleeve is fitted to a screw-threaded post fast to the false-
part, and is adapted to be moved up and down upon the same to raise and lower
the binder, to adapt it to half-flasks of different height. The other end of the
binder is provided with a hook, y', which engages a screw-threaded post on the
other side of the false-part and on this last named post is arranged a turn-button
or handled-nut, y, to be turned up from or down upon the hook of the binder to
release and fasten it respectively.
In figures, 4, 5, and, 6, the binder is constructed and applied substantially as in
the patent referred to and need not be herein further set forth.
For starting and stopping the machine I may employ a friction-clutch of any
approved construction (but not shown in detail herein) in connection with the
band-wheel, which latter is loose on the shaft, d, and this clutch may have a
rod, g, which is jointed by a beveled head-pin, gx, to the lever, j, the latter being
pivoted to the frame of the machine. A lever, h, is pivoted to the guide, s, and
has a forked end, h, the upper and lower members of which forked end are
periodically engaged by a pin, i, on the shank, r, of the false-part as said false-part
is raised and lowered to vibrate said lever. The lower end, h", of the lever, h, is
hinged to it by a pin, h, at right angles to the pivot pin of said lever, so that
said end is free to swing outward from the lever, h.
Now the machine having been started by the manual operation of the clutch,
through the rod, g, and lever, j, as the shank, r, descends on the down (compressing)
stroke, the pin, i, strikes the lower fork of the lever, h, and its end, ", then coming
against the square back of the pin, gx, forces the rod, g, out and stops the machine
at the compressing point, and passes beyond and out of reach of the said pin to
the position indicated by dotted line, a¹, figure, 2. This operation is possible by
reasons of the fact that the levers, j, and, h, have different centers of motion or
pivots and that their ends move in arcs of different and eccentric circles. It will
be seen, therefore, that the end, 7", will travel in an arc substantially parallel with
the arc of the lever, j, for only a given distance, and then leave such arc, and in so
doing slip by the squared back of pin, gx, into the position indicated by dotted
line, At the proper time the rod, g, is again manually operated to start the
machine to permit the complete downstroke without the pin further acting upon
the forked lever, h. The downstroke being completed and the upstroke begun,
the lever, h, remains at the dotted line position until the pin, i, passes the fulcrum
of the lever, h, when it acts upon the upper end of the fork of the lever, &
drives said lever into the full line position again, its hinged end, 7", yielding to
pass over the beveled side of the head of the pin, gx.
Instead of the partly automatic operation of the clutch, the said clutch may be
actuated wholly by hand, as by such an arrangement as is shown in figure, 1, which
is simply a spring hand lever, j, connected to the clutch rod, G. The pattern, k,
figures, 4, 5, 6, and, 7, is shown as purely conventional, and may be and is here
shown, as one with its bed, 1, which bed rests solidly upon and is affixed to the
upper edge of the frame-work, as by bolts or screws. No templet is employed;
but the pattern is used not only to form the mold in the sand as the flask is brought
down by the false-part and pitmen, but it and its bed serve as a base, against which
the sand is compressed.
This is the distinguishing characteristic difference between my present invention
and that covered by the aforesaid patent, and it greatly simplifies the construction
of parts, the machine at the same time losing little, if any, of its effectiveness and
utility for many kinds of work.
In figure, 3, I have shown my machine in compressing position arranged to
draw at an angle instead of straight, as in the other views. This arrangement is
desirable in some classes of work, as for example, in molding plow points, which

page_text: have an "
undercut," so called, in the founder's art, or a re-entrant angle. In this
form of machine the recessed or rabbeted end of the frame-work, a, slants at the
desired angle. The false-part slants correspondingly, and the shanks project from
it at a corresponding angle and work in guides properly arranged to receive
them. The pitmen follow the same slant, all as clearly represented in said figure, 3.
Figure, 4, illustrates the parts in the position to begin compressing, the parts
also being in substantially this position when the binder is swung aside, as in
figure, 2, for introducing the sand into an empty half-flask or for removing a mold.
Figures, 1, and, 6, show the parts in position when the sand is compressed, or,
in other words, when the mold is formed. The three figures, 4, 5, and, 6, illustrate
the same form of machine as that shown in the aforesaid patent, but equipped with
the present invention. The operation of molding with this machine is as follows:-
To receive the flask the parts are brought to the position shown in figs. 2, and, 4,
the top of the box or false-part, q, being in practice about an inch and a half above
the surface of the pattern bed, so as to furnish space for the surplus sand needed
to fill the flask, while compensating for compression.
The binder is then thrown around out of the way, as in fig. 2, and an empty
half-flask secured upon the upper part of box, q. The half-flask is then loosely filled
with properly tempered sand and the binder swung back and secured over the
flask, as figs. 1, 3, 4, 5, and, 6. The shaft, b, is now rotated through the band-wheel, c,
counter-shaft, d, worm, e, and worm-wheel, f, and through the intervention of the
pitmen, t, the parts (binder, flask, and false-part or box) are drawn down to the
full down stroke, bringing the lower edge of the flask down flush with the pattern-
bed, and causing the pattern to embed itself in the sand it and the bed compressing
the sand and forming the mold. By the further revolution of the shaft, b, the false-
part, flask and binder rise together, thereby stripping the mold from the stationary
pattern, and leaving the mold finished in the flask and the flask ready to be
removed. At the completion of the upstroke the parts are in the position indicated
in figure, 4, and then the binder may be released, and the half-flask containing the
finished mold removed. Further. revolution of the shaft, b, carries the box, q, and
its appurtenances to the position indicated in figure, 2, thereby setting the machine
for another flask.
The up and down movement of the flask and box, .q, is in practice, say, from
two to six inches, (more or less) to allow for the necessary depth of the pattern, only
about an inch and a half of the last part of the downstroke, however, being neces-
sary to compress the sand in the flask. The same advantages are gained in this
machine, to about the same degree as in the machine set forth in the aforesaid patent.
Figure, 8, represents the movable box, q, arranged for stationary guide pins to
be used instead of adjustable pins and sockets, as heretofore used. The practice has
been to have in the movable box, q, (at or about where socket is shown at, 1)
sockets for the reception of the pins of the cope. When molding drags, pins were
fitted in these sockets and extended above the movable box the length of the
ordinary flask pin.
The drag would fit to these pins. By having stationary pins fixed in the movable
box, at 2, and holes to fit drilled in both cope and drag at, 3, and, 5, respectively,
every half-flask will fit the movable box.
In order to make drags and copes fit with each other, holes are drilled at, 4, in
the drag, and the cope is provided with pins, 6, to engage said holes. In the movable
box, at, 1, holes or recesses are cut to accommodate the cope-pins, but have nothing
to do with making the fit to the movable box; in fact, the whole lug might be
removed beyond the pins, 2, without detriment to the fit of the flask to the box. In
the other figures, of the drawings the connection of the flask and false-part may be
taken as old and common, or else conventional.
It will be noticed that in figure, 1, I omit and dispense with the parts, h, i,
and rearrange the rod, g, and the lever, j, to effect the starting and stopping of the
machine.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a sand-molding machine of substantially the character set forth, a movable
false-part provided with a binder and carrying the flask, and a stationary pattern and
pattern-bed, in relation to which the flask is moved to make and clear the mold,
substantially as described.
2. In a sand-molding machine, the combination of a frame-work, a stationary
pattern, and pattern-bed fixed to the frame-work, with a movable false part carrying a
binder and surrounding said pattern and bed, guided upon the frame-work, and
adapted to receive and hold a flask and move it down upon the pattern and its bed,
and remove it therefrom, as set forth, to thereby form the mold, compress the
sand, and strip the mold from the pattern, substantially as described.
3. In a sand-molding machine, the combination of a stationary pattern and
pattern-bed with a false part surrounding them and adapted to receive a flask,
guides for said false-part means, substantially as described, for imparting up and
down movements to said false part with relation to the pattern and pattern-bed, and
a binder connected to said false-part and constructed to cover the flask and secure
it to the false-part, substantially as specified.
4. In a sand-molding machine, the frame-work having its upper end rabbeted
and slanting, a pattern and pattern-bed, a slanting false-part or box arranged thereon
and guided thereby, and means, substantially as described, to impart up and down
movements to said false-part on said slanting rabbeted portion of the frame-work,
combined with a flask and binder, whereby the draw may be effected at an angle,
substantially as described.
5. In sand-molding apparatus provided with notches, 1, and pins, 2, a drag having
holes, 3, and, 4, and a cope having holes 5, and pins, 6, to adapt the drag and cope to
each other and to the notches and pins of the apparatus, substantially as described.