IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR SPINNING DOUBLING AND WINDING YARNS
Year: 1884

page_text: JOHN KNOWLES of Blackburn in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, ROBERT
CAMPBELL PILLING also of Blackburn aforesaid, Agent, and JONATHAN MERCER,
also of Blackburn Yarn Agent do hereby declare the nature of their invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR SPINNING DOUBLING AND WINDING YARNS
to be as follows:-
This invention is for the purpose of Spinning Doubling and Winding Yarns,
made from Cotton, Silk, Flax, Wool, or any other fibrous materials and consists of
a novel Wharve (made of Brass, Iron, or other metal or material) to be used in
what is known as Cop Throstle Spinning Machines, and also in doubling and
Winding Machines.
This Wharve has a circular projection on its underside, which forms part of the
Wharve itself. This projection is for the purpose of fitting and revolving in
a circular groove formed in the top longitudinal rail or in a separate piece or plate
of metal or other material which can be attached to the top longitudinal rail,
as may be found most convenient, and when the Wharve is so mounted it is held
in its place by a lip, washer or spring. A suitable eyelet is fixed on the top part
of the aforesaid Wharve and a band from one of the principal driving parts of the
machine having been placed round the Wharve, the threads to be doubled or the
roving to be spun is brought from the top roller and placed through the eyelet, and
then wound round a Spindle placed vertically through the centre of the Wharve.
This Spindle is placed in a footstep on the bottom longitudinal rail, having a
supplementary longitudinal rail above it, through which the Spindle passes for the
purpose of keeping it steady and perpendicular. These rails being coupled together,
have a traverse motion imparted to them by means of an oblique cam (or heart)
screw and pinion, for the purpose of forming cops. When made and fixed as above
stated, and the machine set in motion, the Wharve is caused to revolve at a great
speed, and so spins, or doubles the threads as they are delivered by the top rollers,
and when so spun or doubled the Wharve by means of the eyelet wraps it round
the Vertical Spindle before mentioned or tube placed thereon, and to prevent the

page_text: Vertical Spindle from over-running itself a slight break is applied to it, which
break has a graduating pressure imparted to it as it traverses from the greater to
the lesser diameter of the cop as it is being formed and may require.
To impart this graduating pressure or break to the Cop Spindle as it rises and
falls, we place on and near the bottom of the said Spindle a thin metal Shell of a
conical shape and about in proportion to the cone formed on the Cop. On this
cone rests a slight spring fixed to any convenient part of the Frame, and as the
Spindle is being lifted by the traverse rail from the apex to the base of the cone
the pressure becomes about equal and in falling from the base to the apex the
pressure is gradually taken off, by which means much less breakage of the Yarn
takes place. The longitudinal rails on which the Spindles are mounted are fixed in
or on the slides and are supported by chains which pass over pullies fixed on
a longitudinal rod or shaft. Above the aforesaid Spindle rails the other end of
this chain is connected to a Vertical Screw at one or both ends of the frame. This
screw is fixed on and works with a horizontal lever, which lever is actuated by an
eccentric or cam. At the bottom or top part is fixed a saw tooth wheel and
at every revolution of the above eccentric the traverse rail is caused to rise and fall
from the apex to the base of the cop. On every rise and fall of the traverse rail,
the saw tooth wheel attached to the aforesaid vertical screw is caused to move-
one or more teeth which action causes the traverse rails to be gradually lowered as
the Cop is being completed.
When the Wharve-is-applied to winding Frames, the Spindle has one or more
projections formed on it, three or four inches long, or according to the length of Cop
required, and a provision is made in one or more sides of the circular hole in the
Wharve through which the Spindle works for the projection to slide in.

page_text: We JOHN KNOWLES of Blackburn in the County of Lancaster Machinist,
ROBERT CAMPBELL PILLING of the same place, Agent, and JONATHAN MERCER
also of the same place Yarn Agent do hereby declare the nature of our invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR SPINNING DOUBLING AND WINDING YARNS
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The nature of our Invention consists in certain novel combinations of Machinery
used in Spinning Doubling and winding Yarns and consists firstly, in a novel
Wharve and flyer or eyelet combined. Secondly in a novel drag on the Cop
Spindle. Thirdly in a novel Copping Motion and fourthly in a novel Spindle and
Wharve combined or not with a compensation rod in Winding Yarns.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into operation, we will proceed to describe the accompanying two Sheets of
Drawings, reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Fig. 3. Sheet 1. shews our novel Wharve a. in an elevated section full size,
mounted on a separate piece d. d. and is held in its place by the lips e. e. the
bottom points of the wharve a. resting in groove at c. c. A double eyelet f. having a
slight spring in it, is fixed on the top part of the aforesaid wharve a. The threads
to be doubled or the roveing to be spun is brought from the top rollers and placed
through the eyelet f. and is then wound round the spindle g. Figs. 1. 2. 3. 4. This
wharve receives its motion from a drum in the machine, and the spindle is dragged
round by the Yarn as it is being spun. The spindle g. is placed vertically through
the centre of the wharve a. and its bottom part rests in a footstep 5. Figs. 1 and 2.
fixed in the bottom longitudinal rail 3. Figs. 1 and 2. These spindles g. can
be kept steady by passing them through a supplementary longitudinal rail, but we
prefer passing them through a sleeve 1. Figs. 1. 2. & 3. This sleeve can be placed
on a supplementary longitudinal rail or by preference on separate brackets 2.
Figs. 1 & 2. The upper longitudinal rails 4 Figs. 1. 3 & 4 on which the novel
wharves a. are mounted are fixed rigidly to the frame work of the machine, the
lower longitudinal rails 3 Figs. 1 & 2 are fixed in slides 10 Fig. 1 and are suspended
by chains 6. Fig. 1. which chains pass over pulleys 7. Fig. 1. mounted on a longi-
tudinal rod or shaft. The other end of this chain 6. Fig. 1. is attached to a slide 9.
Fig. 1. which works in a slide bracket 11. Fig. 1. This bracket is supported
by lever 12. Fig. 1. and is actuated by cam h. Fig. 1. whereby a travis motion is
imparted to the longitudinal rail 3. Fig. 1. on which stands the spindle g. and
spindle bracket 1 & 2 and as the cam is caused to revolve from any convenient
parts of the machine, the spindle g. Fig. 1 is caused to rise and fall just as much as
the travis of the cop being spun requires. And in order--that the cop may be
regularly lowered as it is being filled we fix a vertical screw i in slides 13. Fig. 1.
which vertical screw i. Fig. 1 works in an internal screw 14. so that at every
revolution of the cam h. the vertical screw is turned a section of itself by means of
hook 15. and saw tooth wheel 16. which motion causes the slide 9 & 14 to rise in
slide bracket 11 Fig. 1 and allows the longitudinal rail 3 with spindle g. to fall
gently until the cop is filled and when the cop is full the operator takes hold of the
wheel 17 and reverses the action of the screw ready for another start. When the
machine is fixed as herein before described, to prevent the spindle g. Fig. 1. 2. & 3

page_text: from overrunning itself by its excessive speed we place on said spindle g. a thin
metal shell k. Fig. 1 & 2 near the bottom part of the spindle of a conical shape and
on this cone rests a light spring j. Fig. 2. fixed to a cross bar 18. Fig. 2. This cross
bar is so fixed in friction brackets that the pressure of the longitudinal rail 3. Fig. 1
& 2 will cause it to fall as the rail 3 is being lowered, but not having an up and
down motion with the travis of the cop rail 3, and as the spindle g. rises and falls
a graduated pressure is brought to bear on the cop spindle by means of the cone k.
expanding and contracting the spring j. in its passage up and down, by which
means a more regular tension is produced on the yarn being spun than is the case
by the old system.
The second part of our invention relates to the winding of yarns on spool or
paper tubes after being spun or doubled.
Sheet 2. Fig. 5 shews and end view of our improvements-Fig. 6. a plan view-
Fig 7. an end view of wharve full size-Fig. 8 a side view of spindle and wharve
Fig. 9 a section of spindle and Fig. 10 a portion of spindle with our feather or
projection a' attached. This feather a¹ can be if required placed on both sides of
the spindle c. When the wharve is fitted on the spindle as at Fig. 7 & 8 it is fixed
in a bracket L¹ Fig. 6, the pulley 6' resting on its axis between two lips on -said-
bracket, which bracket is fixed on a longitudinal rail . The front end of
spindle c¹ whether it has a spool d or paper tube placed on it, rests in a semicup g
placed on the longitudinal rail k'. On the back end of this spindle c¹ rests a
lever e resting in a bracket f-for-the purpose of keeping the spool d¹ from falling
back before such spool or paper tube is properly filled. When the spool dis
properly filled the feather a¹ will have passed through the wharve b¹ and on doing
so the wharve will continue to run but the spindle c² with spool d on it will have
stopped. A band from a drum gives motion to the wharve 61 which communicates
motion to the spindle c¹ and spool d¹ by means of the feather a¹, there being a groove.
cut in the wharve as shewn at Fig. 7. which admits the feather a' to slide through
the wharve b¹. The travis rail h¹ receives its motion from a cam and lever fixed at
the end of the machine, and below this travis rail h¹ we place a compensating rod i'
and as the travis rod with its guide wires passes to and fro, that is when the travis
rod has brought the thread to the smallest part of the spool the compensating rod
takes up the slack thread, which is so important in winding machines. By this
means more perfect work with less waste is accomplished. These spindles as shewn
are placed horizontally but they can with equal effect be placed vertically.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
1. The use of the novel wharve revolving on a circular foot substantially as
shewn and described, with reference to figs. 1. 3. & 4.
2. The use of the novel drag motion applied to the spindle, substantially as
shewn and described.
3. The use of the novel copping motion substantially as shewn and described,
with reference to fig. 1 of the drawings.
4. The use of the novel feather on winding spindle, with corresponding grooves
in the pulley whether placed horizontally or vertically, with or without a
compensating rod as shewn and described.
Dated this ninth dew of Tonuery 1885