Improved Means for Distributing Rotary Phase Alternating Currents to Different Current Consuming Apparatus.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 12th May, 1891
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Jan., 1892-Accepted, 27th Feb., 1892
[Communicated from abroad by Messrs. SIEMENS & HALSKE, of Berlin, Electrical
Engineers.]
Improved Means for Distributing Rotary Phase Alternating Currents
to Different Current Consuming Apparatus.
We, SIEMENS BROTHERS & Co., LIMITED of 12 Queen Anne's Gate,
Westminster in the County of Middlesex, Electrical Engineers, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows
If several alternating currents of the same frequency and amplitude are made to
pass from a source of electrical energy into several conductors, an arrangement of
the phases of the separate alternating currents can always be adopted whereby the
sum of the strength of the currents shall be equal to zero at every part of the
multiple conductor. Alternating currents thus arranged are generally known and
indicated as "rotary phase alternating currents."
For the practical application of such rotary phase alternating currents there will
generally only be taken into consideration the case in which the smallest number of
alternating currents and consequently also the smallest number of conductors is
employed, that is to say, three.
This number will consequently be assumed by way of example in the following,
but it is to be understood that any greater number of currents and conductors may
be used for the purposes of the present invention.
This invention relates to those systems for the distribution of rotary phase
alternating currents in which there are included in the circuits not only electro
motors which are driven by all three alternating currents used simultaneously, but
also lamps or other current consumers that only require a single alternating current
for their action.
With such an arrangement it will be essential that the loads of the three circuits
shall differ as little as possible from each other, because the loss of potential between
the current generator and the place of consumption will depend upon the extent of
the loads.
But as in addition it is desirable to make all the current consuming apparatus
entirely independent of each other, it will be sufficient to arrange the lamps in as
equally distributed a manner as possible in parallel between the three circuits, and
this is the arrangement that has been generally adopted heretofore.
This arrangement is shewn diagrammatically at Fig. 1 of the accompanying
drawing. The three conductors a, b, c, lead the rotary phase alternating currents
from the current generator to the place of consumption, and between each two
conductors are arranged an equal number of current consumers L L L. This
As cach current wave
arrangement has however a very great inconvenience.
arriving at the place of consumption is distributed to two groups of lamps arranged
in parallel, the mean strength of current in the conductors a, b and c is considerably
greater than the mean strength of current in the lamps. A simple calculation
shews that with this arrangement the amplitudes of the two currents are about in
the ratio of 173 to 100.
This disadvantage is obviated by the arrangement shewn diagrammatically at
Fig. 2.
Here the currents passing through the conductors a, b, c, have the same
amplitudes as those in the lamps L LL, consequently the loss of potential in the
conductors, assuming an equal number of lamps and an equal distance of the place
of consumption from the current producer in both cases, will be in the two arrange-
ments Fig. 2 and Fig. 1, in the proportion of 100 to 173,

page_text: The present invention consists in an arrangement of the current consumers which,
while maintaining the relative independence of the several lamps, allows of the
adoption of the diagram Fig. 2.
This arrangement is shewn diagrammatically at Fig. 3; it consists in providing
at the place of consumption, in addition to the three conductors a, b, c which supply
the rotary phase currents, a fourth conductor V. a¹¹ represent the primary
rotary phase current conductors leading from the current generator, and from which
high tension rotary phase currents pass into the transformer T. From the
secondary terminals of this transformer low tension rotary phase currents are dis-
tributed to the conductors a², 62, c², parallel with which is the conductor V.
One third of all the lamps are introduced between a² and V, one third between b²
and V, and one third between e² and V.
Dated this 12th day of May 1891
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means for Distributing Rotary Phase Alternating Currents
to Different Current Consuming Apparatus.
We, SIEMENS BROTHERS & Co. LIMITED, of 12 Queen Anne's Gate,
Westminster, in the County of Middlesex, Electrical Engineers, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
If several alternating currents of the same frequency and amplitude are made to
pass from a source of electrical energy into several conductors, an arrangement of
the phases of the separate alternating currents can always be adopted whereby the
sum of the strength of the currents shall be equal to zero at every part of the
multiple conductor. Alternating currents thus arranged are generally known and
indicated as 66 rotary phase alternating currents."
For the practical application of such rotary phase alternating currents there will
generally only be taken into consideration the case in which the smallest number of
alternating currents and consequently also the smallest number of conductors is
employed, that is to say, three.
This number will consequently.be assumed by way of example in the following,
but it is to be understood that any greater number of currents and conductors may
be used for the purposes of the present invention.
This invention relates to those systems for the distribution of rotary phase
alternating currents in which there are included in the circuits not only electro
motors which are driven by all three alternating currents used simultaneously, but
also lamps or other current consumers that only require a single alternating current
for their action.
With such an arrangement it will be essential that the loads of the three circuits
shall differ as little as possible from each other, because the loss of potential between
the current generator and the place of consumption will depend upon the extent
of the loads. But as in addition it is desirable to make all the current consuming
apparatus entirely independent of each other, it will be sufficient to arrange the
lamps in as equally distributed a manner as possible in parallel between the three
circuits and this is the arrangement that has been generally adopted heretofore.
This arrangement is shewn diagrammatically at Fig. 1 of the drawing accom-
panying our Provisional Specification. The three conductors a, b, c, lead the rotary
phase alternating currents from the current generator to the place of consumption,
and between each two conductors are arranged an equal number of current
consumers LLL.
This arrangement has however a very great inconvenience. As each current
wave arriving at the place of consumption is distributed to two groups of lamps

page_text: arranged in parallel, the mean strength of current in the conductors a b and c is
considerably greater than the mean strength of current in the lamps. A simple
calculation shews that with this arrangement the amplitudes of the two currents are
about in the ratio of 173 to 100.
This disadvantage is obviated by the arrangement shewn diagrammatically at
Fig. 2. Here the currents passing through the conductors a, b, c have the same
amplitudes as those in the lamps LL L, consequently the loss of potential in the
conductors, assuming an equal number of lamps and an equal distance of the place
of consumption from the current producer in both cases will be in the two arrange-
ments Fig. 2 and Fig. 1 in the proportion of 100 to 173.
The present invention consists in an arrangement of the current consumers which,
while maintaining the relative independence of the several lamps, allows of the
adoption of the diagram Fig. 2.
This arrangement is shewn diagrammatically at Fig. 3, it consists in providing at
the place of consumption, in addition to the three conductors a, b, c which supply
the rotary phase currents, a fourth conductor V. a¹ 'c' represent the primary
rotary phase current conductors leading from the current generator, and from which
high tension rotary phase currents pass into the transformer T. From the secondary
terminals of this transformer low tension rotary phase currents are distributed to
the conductors a², b, c parallel with which is the conductor V.
One third of all the lamps are introduced between a² and V, one third between 6º
and V, and one third between c² and V.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same. is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
In electrical installations for the distribution of rotary phase currents that is to
say of a series of alternating currents of equal period and amplitude but shifted
relatively to cach other as regards their phase, the method of providing an additional
conductor at the place of consumption and placing the current consumers that only
require a single alternating current in connection with the said supplemental con-
ductor and with one or other of the rotary phase current conductors, such consumers
being distributed as evenly as possible in the described manner between the several
rotary phase conductors, substantially as described.
Dated this 22nd day of January 1892.
TALY
15
ABEL &
D
RAY,
RT TAT
Agents for the Applicants.