AN IMPROVED MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR CASTING SCREW THREADS ON THE NAVES OF WHEELS AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Norfolk, of Beverley, in the County of
York, Managing Director of the Beverley Iron and Waggon Com-
pany, Limited, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED MODE OF AND
APPARATUS FOR CASTING SCREW THREADS ON THE NAVES OF WHEELS AND
OTHER ARTICLES."
Sealed the 27th August 1869, and dated the 7th April 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Norfolk at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th April 1869.
I, RICHARD NORFOLK, of Beverley, in the County of York, Managing
Director of the Beverley Iron and Waggon Company, Limited, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF AND
APPARATUS FOR CASTING SCREW THREADS ON THE NAVES OF WHEELS AND OTHER
ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to cast accurate screw threads on
articles of metal, whereby I dispense with the expensive plan hitherto

page_text: adopted of cutting screw threads in a lathe. My improved mode of
casting screw threads is particularly beneficial when applied to the
naves of iron wheels, as such screws are usually cut when the wheels
are otherwise complete, and therefore require a lathe of large dimensions.
In performing my Invention I prefer to make use of a core box of the
shape required to form one-half of the screw, but I do not limit myself
to this form; the core box consists of a bed piece in which a loose rim
fits. A screw thread corresponding to that to be produced on the
casting is cut on a piece of brass or other metal forming the centre of
the core box, and the sand is rammed in the space between the screw
piece and the loose rim. The parts of the core are secured together by
pins and cotters or other equivalents, and when the core is removed from
the core box it is dried previous to being placed in the moulding box.
If the core for the screw thread is made in two parts it is evident that
two such cores must be placed in the moulding box, and when the
casting is made the thread is cleaned off by a pair of dies or other
suitable apparatus.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Richard Norfolk in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 6th October 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
NORFOLK, of Beverley, in the County of York, Managing Director of
the Beverley Iron and Waggon Company, Limited, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Richard Norfolk, Her special license
that I, the said Richard Norfolk, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Richard Norfolk, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the

page_text: Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE
OF AND APPARATUS FOR CASTING SCREW THREADS ON THE NAVES OF WHEELS AND
OTHER ARTICLES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Richard Norfolk, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Norfolk, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement (that is to say) :-
:-
The object of this Invention is to cast accurate screw threads on
articles of metal, whereby I dispense with the expensive plan hitherto
adopted of cutting screw threads in a lathe. My improved mode of
casting screw threads is particularly beneficial when applied to the naves
of iron wheels, as such screws are usually cut when the wheels are
otherwise complete, and therefore requiré a lathe of large dimensions.
In performing my Invention I prefer to make use of a core box of the
shape required to form one-half of the screw, but I do not limit myself to
this form; the core box consists of a bed piece in which a loose rim
fits. A screw thread corresponding to that to be produced on the
casting is cut on a piece of brass or other metal forming the centre of
the core box, and the sand is rammed in the space between the screw
piece and the loose rim. The parts of the core box are secured together
by pins and cotters or other equivalents, and when the core is removed
from the core box it is dried previous to being placed in the moulding
box. If the core box for the screw thread is made in two parts it is
evident that two such cores must be placed in the moulding box, and
when the casting is made the thread is cleaned off by a pair of dies or
other suitable apparatus.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into operation, I will proceed to describe the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings, reference being had to the figures and letters marked
thereon.
Figure 1 represents an olovation partly in soution of the nave of

page_text: wheel on which a screw thread has been cast by my improved apparatus;
Figure 2 is a plan of the improved apparatus for casting screw threads;
Figure 3 is an end elevation, Figure 4 a side elevation, and Figure 5
a transverse section of the same through the line A, B, on Figure 2.
In Figure 1, C is the wrought-iron oil box at the front of the nave,
and D are the screw threads, which are cast on the boss of the nave in
the manner herein-after described; these screw threads when cast are.
cleaned up by a pair of dies so that no obstruction may be offered in
screwing on the oil box C.
In Figures 2, 4, and 5, E is a semicircular loose rim made of iron or
other metal, the lower edge of which has a projection fitting in a groove
in the bed piece F; G is a semicircular piece made by preference of brass
and also fitting in a recess in the bed plate; the piece G has a screw
thread cut on its outer circumference corresponding to the screw thread
to be cast on the boss of the nave, as shewn at D, in Figure 1. The
bar or plate H, shewn best in Figure 3, is connected to the bed plate F
by the cotter bolts I and keys K.; this bar or plate H holds the pieces E
and G in their places. The core box thus made is now ready for use,
and the space marked J between the pieces E and G must now be filled
with Mansfield or any other suitable moulding sand and well rammed
up, so as to leave the impression of the screw thread on the piece Ģ on
the inside of the core; the cotters K are then driven out and the bar
or plate H is removed, the piece G is then withdrawn, and the core J can
then be taken out of the core box and placed in the stove, where it is
thoroughly dried; another core J must then be prepared in the same
manner, and the two semicircular cores so produced are then placed in
the moulding box in which the nave is cast. By this means accurate
screw threads are cast, and the expense of cutting them in a lathe is
dispensed with. This improved mode of casting screw threads is par-
ticularly beneficial when applied to the manufacture of wheels with
wrought-iron arms cast in the cast-iron nave, as heretofore a large lathe
was required to cut such screw threads.
I wish it to be understood that although I have described my im-
provements as applied to casting screw threads on the naves of wheels,
I do not intend to limit myself to that particular object, as screw
threads may be cast in the same manner on other articles. I would
also observe that instead of making the cores semicircular as described
and shewn, the cores may be made in three or more parts if desirable.

page_text: Having now stated the nature of my Invention, and described a
convenient manner of performing the same, I would remark in con-
clusion that I do not intend to limit myself to the precise details given,
as the same may be varied without departing from the peculiar features
thereof; but what I claim as my Invention is,―
First. The improved mode of and apparatus for casting screw threads
on the naves of wheels and other articles, as shewn and described.
And, secondly. I claim the improved mode of constructing and the
arrangement of the core box for making cores for casting screw threads,
as shewn and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Norfolk, have hereto set
my hand and seal, this Fourth day of October One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-nine.
RICH. NORFOLK. (L.S.)