IMPROVEMENTS IN BURNERS AND IN APPARATUS FOR BURNING PETROLEUM
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Friedrich Hermann Felix Engel, Civil Engineer and
Patent Agent, in the City of Hamburg, Germany, for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BURNERS AND IN APPARATUS FOR BURNING PETROLEUM."
A communication from Ernst Schultz, Mechanic, and Rudolph Wulff, British
Vice-consul Merchant both of Aarhue in the Kingdom of Danmark-
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Friedrich Hermann Felix
Engel at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th August
1880.
FRIEDRICH HERMANN FELIX ENGEL, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, in the
City of Hamburg, Germany. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BURNERS AND IN APPARATUS
FOR BURNING PETROLEUM." A communication from Ernst Schultz, Mechanic, and
Rudoph Wulff, British Vice Consul, Merchant, both of Aarhus, in the Kingdom of
Denmark.
This Invention relates to novel constructions of burners, and of apparatus for
heating and lighting by means of petroleum. A burner constructed after this
Invention consists of a metal tube bent at the centre part in a double circle or other
convenient shape, and fastened with its both ends in a filter case formed of metal
top and bottom plates and of a wall of wire gauze. This filter is filled with layers
of sponge and cotton or other suitable filtering material, and is fastened inside of
an air-tight metal chamber containing the petroleum. The ends of the burner
tube are closed by plates or caps, and each of these closings is furnished with one
or several very fine borings. The burner or burners, if there are several, project
from the petroleum chamber, and is or are fastened air tightly to the latter. At
the lowest part of the bend, or of each bend if there are several flames, the burner-
tube is at the upper side thereof furnished with a very fine boring, whilst the
petroleum chamber is either in connection with an air compressor or with a liquid
pressure of a column of petroleum coming from a tank which is placed above the
chamber that carries the burner.
For operating the apparatus the petroleum of the vessel containing the filter is
put under pressure. The liquid is by this pressure forced through the filter, and

page_text: the fine borings of the caps or plates closing the ends into the arms of the burner
tube, and is pressed upward into the curve or curves of this tube. At the lower
part of the curves the petroleum is forced out of the borings in fine dust like rays,
which after heating of the burner tube will ignite and produce flames of great
heating power with almost no smell whatever. The vertical shape of the flames
can be flattened or spread by means of metal plates fastened above or within the
same.
For larger apparatus or for a greater number of flames several filters and several
burner tubes may be placed within, and be fastened to one and the same petroleum
vessel, which may in that case be furnished with gauge glass, manometer, and
safety valve.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Friedrich Hermann Felix Engel in the Great Scal Patent Office on
the 19th February 1881.
FRIEDRICH HERMANN FELIX ENGEL, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, in the.
City of Hamburg, Germany. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BURNERS AND IN APPARATUS
FOR BURNING PETROLEUM." A communication from Ernst Schultz, Mechanic, and
Rudolph Wulff, British Vice Consul, Merchant, both of Aarhus, in the Kingdom of
Denmark.
This Invention relates to novel construction of burners and of apparatus for
heating and lighting by means of petroleum. A burner constructed according to
this Invention is composed of a metal tube bent so as to form a loop open at the
top or into a similar shape, and fastened with its both ends in a filter case formed
of metal top and bottom plates and of a wall of wire gauze. This filter is filled
with layers of sponge and cotton or other suitable filtering material, and is fastened
inside of an air-tight metal chamber containing the petroleum. The ends of the
burner tube are closed by plates or caps, and each of these closings is furnished
with one or several very fine borings. The burner or burners (if there are several)
project from the petroleum chamber, and is or are fastened airtightly to the latter.
At the lowest part of the loop or of each loop, if there are several flames, the
burner tube is at the upper side thereof furnished with a very fine boring, whilst
the petroleum chamber is either in connection with an air compressor or with a
liquid pressure of a column of petroleum coming from a tank which is placed above
the chamber that carries the burner.
For operating the apparatus the petroleum of the vessel containing the filter is
put under pressure. The liquid is by this pressure forced through the filter, and
the fine borings of the caps or plates closing the ends into the arms of the burner
tube, and is pressed upward into the loop or loops of this tube. At the lower part
of each loop the petroleum is forced out of the borings in dust like spray, which
after heating of the burner will ignite and produce flames of great heating power
with almost no smell whatever. The vertical shape of the flames can be flattened
or spread by means of metal plates fastened above or within the same.
For larger apparatus or for a greater number of flames several filters and burner
tubes may be placed within and be fastened to one and the same petroleum vessel,
which may in that case be furnished with gauge glass, manometer, and safety
valve.
The annexed Sheet of Drawings represents several modes of carrying out this
Invention. Fig. 1 represents an apparatus in section furnished with one burner
and one flame; Fig. 2 represents an apparatus with two flames; and Fig. 3 shows
the general arrangement of an apparatus and of tubes furnished with several sets
of flames and burners.
a, a, (Figs. 1 and 2) is the burner tube bent in a loop having an open top and
furnished with the small borings d at the lower part of the inner circles; c is the
filter case, of which one or two may be applied, as is shown in Figs. 1 and 2,
containing layers of sponge and cotton or other suitable filtering material, to which
the ends of burner tube a are fastened. This tube is closed with caps at the ends,
each of which has a very fine boring; b is the petroleum reservoir, into which the
filter or filters and tube ends are placed; and is a pipe coming from an air
compressor or from a petroleum tank, which is placed sufficiently above the
reservoir b to produce the necessary pressure on the petroleum of the reservoir.
By opening the tap l the pressure is exerted on the petroleum, and the latter is
forced upward through pipe a, a, and ejected in the form of spray out of borings d.
By heating pipe a in the neighbourhood of d, which may be done by burning a

page_text: small quantity of spirit in a cover g, the spray of petroleum ignites above the
openings d, and burns with great heating power; e is a metal plate used for
spreading the flame m, which would otherwise be of a thin vertical shape.
Fig. 3 shows the arrangement of a number of burners cach having a set of
flames, which are all fed from one reservoir b, which is furnished with gauge glass
and manometer. The pressure pipe i is again in connection either with an air
compressor or with a fluid pressure, as before described.
Having now described the nature and particulars of the said Invention I
claim,―
Petroleum burners operating without wicks, which are constructed out of a pipe
bent in a loop or loops, the lower part of each loop being furnished with a fine
boring, whilst the ends of the pipe which are closed and furnished with a fine
boring are fastened to filtering cases, which latter are placed in an air-tight
reservoir containing the petroleum that is placed under air pressure or pressure
of a column of petroleum, substantially as herein described and in reference to and
shown by the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Friedrich Hermann Felix Engel, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and cighty one.
F. H. F. ENGEL. (L.S.)