Improvements in Hydrometers and in Apparatus in Connection therewith.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 27th June, 1889-Accepted, 3rd Aug., 1889
Improvements in Hydrometers and in Apparatus in Connection
therewith.
I JAN VINCENO DIVIS, of Trelouc, Bohemia in the Empire of Austria Manager of a
Sugar Manufactory, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
Whereas ordinary hydrometers and analogous instruments, as at present constructed,
are suitable only for laboratories and home use, and are unsuitable for large establish-
ments, where the observer is exposed to heat, noxious gases, steam and vapour of the
liquids to be tested.
"Now the object of my invention is to manufacture an improved form and arrange-
ment of apparatus suitable for use in large establishments, and capable of indicating
in a more satisfactory and practical manner than those now in use.
My invention correctly indicates the specific gravity of the liquids continuously
and in such a manner that it can be observed at a distance or may be arranged to
record, automatically, the specific gravity of the liquid, upon suitably prepared
registering paper in contact with a pencil or tracer.
And in order that my said invention may be particularly described and ascertained,
reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters of
reference indicate corresponding parts.
Fig. 1 is a front view of the apparatus; Fig. 2 is a plan and Fig. 3 shows the
arrangement of the same as fitted in a sugar manufactory.
B is a bulb or float, preferably formed of hollow metal and perfectly watertight.
This float is connected to a lever A as shown; the fulcrum of the lever being at a,
and the fulcrum being supported by the plate F or in any other suitable manner.
to zero.
The float B is enclosed in the vessel C, which vessel is supplied with the fluid to be
indicated by means of the inflow pipe G and outflow pipe H; whereby the liquid is
kept in a state of circulation and at a constant level in C. The lever A may be partly
sustained by an adjustable spring E., or by a counterweight. The float B rises or falls
in the vessel C according to the density of the liquid. D is a dial and pointer mounted
on a spindle, the spindle being fitted with a spring or counterweight to cause it to return
d is a barrel fitted to the spindle, round which a cord is wound, the cord
being connected to the end of the lever A, whereby the movements of the float B are
communicated to and indicated by the pointer on the dial D. By means of the dial,
and the subdivisions upon its face, the movements of the pointer are easily seen, and
the delicate movements of the float B are ascertained in a manner which could not bo
readily seen with the ordinary hydrometer. The divisions on the dial are made for
ordinary temperatures and corrections may be made by means of the spring E. and its
regulating screw.
In case it is required to adjust the apparatus for different temperatures, such adjust-
ment may be arrived at by calculation, or it may be effected automatically by means
of a metallic piston thermometer mounted so as to influence the tension of the
spring E.
Referring to Fig. 3 P. is a vessel containing the liquid to be tested. The hydrometer
is enclosed in a casing and connected with P by means of a tube passing from K to G.
The dial D above the tube L is mounted over the casing. The wire or cord, con-
necting the lever A. with the axle of the pointer, passes through the tube L. The
case may be locked, if desired.
A registering cylinder with a continuous ribbon of paper, driven, by a spring or
weight and ordinary clockwork may be added to the apparatus, for supplying a
bermanent record of the readings.

page_text: The divisions on the dial, the proportions and construction of the several parts, and
other details may be varied to suit the requirements of the manufacture or process to
which it is applied.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. In the construction of hydrometers, the combination with the float B of a lever A,
actuating a suitably mounted pointer for indicating upon a dial D, the several parts.
being suitably connected and rendered adjustable, substantially as and for the purposes
herein before described and illustrated by the drawings.
2. In combination with hydrometers the application and use of the improved
reservoir for maintaining a constant level with circulating liquid, corresponding in
.density with that in process of being produced or used in the manufactory, sub-
stantially,as herein before described and illustrated by the drawings..
3. The general construction, arrangement, and combination of the several and
respective parts, together forming my improvements in hydrometers and in apparatus
in connection therewith.
Dated 27th June 1000
GEO. DOWNING,
Agent for Applicant.