CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Shaw, of Holme Lodge, near Burnley, in
the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, and John Robinson, of Lower
House, near Burnley aforesaid, Manager, for the Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIALS."
Sealed the 29th September 1857, and dated the 23rd June 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Shaw and John
Robinson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 23rd June 1857.
We, RICHARD SHAW, of Holme Lodge, near Burnley, in the County of
Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, and JOHN ROBINSON,. of Lower House, near
Burnley aforesaid, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING COTTON AND OTHER
FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows:--
This Invention is applicable to the machines called carding engines and
drawing, frames, and consists in the application to such machines of certain
self-acting machinery for arresting their motion when the sliver at the delivery
end of such machines breaks, or fails to be supplied in the usual course, and
also for giving warning at the time of the stoppage of such machines.
In performing our Invention, we attach the guide funnel to a vibrating
lever connected by means of a rod with the usual stop motion on a drawing
frame, and with a new stop motion to be fixed on a carding engine. The
funnel and lever are held in position by the sliver so long as the same con-

page_text: tinues to be supplied, but when the sliver breaks or fails to be supplied the
funnel with the lever attached drops or falls back, and the above-mentioned
rod acting on the stop motion arrests the motion of the machine called the
drawing frame, and certain parts of the machine called the carding engine,
namely, the feed rollers and the doffing cylinder. The dropping of the funnel,
and the consequent motion of the lever and rod, also causes a bell or other
alarum to give notice to the attendant or workman, and continues to do so
until the machines are again set in proper working order.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Shaw and John Robinson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 22nd December 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, RICHARD
SHAW, of Holme Lodge, near Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton
Spinner, and JOHN ROBINSON, of Lower House, near Burnley aforesaid,
Manager, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Richard Shaw and John Robinson, Her special licence that we, the said
Richard Shaw and John Robinson, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said Richard Shaw and John Robinson, our executors
adminstrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING COTTON
AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we,
the said Richard Shaw and John Robinson, our executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of our or their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Richard Shaw and John Robinson,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the

page_text: same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement (that is to say) :-
The nature of our said Invention consists in the application of certain:
improved self-acting combinations of machinery to carding engines and drawing.
frames, for stopping them, or for stopping parts of them, and for giving
warning when the sliver at the delivery end of such machines breaks, or fails.
to be supplied in the usual course.
In order that our Invention may be fully understood, and readily carried
into operation, we will proceed to describe the means pursued by us, reference.
being had to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, and to the figures and.
letters marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is a side view, and Fig. 2 an end view, of a carding engine of the
usual construction, to which our improvements are applied; Figs. 3, 4, and
5 are detached views on an enlarged scale of our improvements. In Figs.
1 and 2, a is the main cylinder; b, the doffing cylinder; c, c, are the delivery
rollers; and d, the coiling apparatus, which deposits the sliver into the can.
e in the usual manner; f is a funnel, balanced on a pivet or centres at the
bottom, as seen best in Figs. 3 and 4; g is a finger or lever, connected with
the support of the funnel by means of a link h; i is a stud, fixed in the lower.
delivery roller c or to the delivery roller shaft; j is a fixing at the geering:
end of the delivery roller shaft, into which is set a loose step k, having
within it a loose lip l, which holds in position the lever m, to which is.
attached the upper end of the link n, connected below to another lever o,
see Fig. 1, carrying on it a stud for the pulley o¹, which is driven by a belt
passing over the pulley a¹, on the shaft of the main cylinder a; to the pulley
o is fixed the pinion p, working into the wheel fixed to the shaft of the
doffing cylinder b; the wheel b¹ drives the carrier pinions 62 and 63, the.
latter of which gears into the pinion c¹, on the shaft of the delivery roller c,
as shewn best in Fig. 3. q is a bell, suspended from the lever o; r is a
clapper, fixed to the doffing crank s. The balanced funnel t, seen best in-
Fig. 5, is set in a fixing u, on the top of the coiler d. To this balanced.
funnel is suspended the rod v; w is a projecting stud, fixed into the revolving
part of the coiler. The mode of operation is as follows:-If the sliver between-
the doffing cylinder 6 and the balanced funnel ƒ breaks, or is only partially de-
livered, the absence or diminution of the friction of the sliver causes the funnel f
to fall back towards the doffing cylinder; the lever or finger g then falls towards.
the delivery rollers c, which in revolving brings the stud i against the end of
the stud finger g, thereby causing the delivery shaft end to oscillate and lift.
up the loose step k, thereby releasing the lever m from the lip 7. The levers.

page_text: mand o then drop sufficiently to disengage the pinion p from the wheel bon
the shaft of the doffing cylinder b, The pinion p and wheel b¹ being thus
thrown out of gear stop the doffer and the feed rollers, which are driven from
the doffer by a diagonal shaft and bevel pinions in the ordinary manner. The
falling of the lever o lowers the bell q, and brings it in contact with the
clapper r, which continues to strike against the bell, and thereby gives' warning
to the attendant until the lever o has been again raised. The handle m¹ is
for raising the levers m and o; the former in rising pushes up the loose lip
7, which drops into its original position when the levers are raised. If the
sliver should break or become single between the delivery rollers c and the
coiler d, the absence of the friction of the sliver on the balanced funnel t will
cause the said funnel to rise from the coiler, and the end of the rod v coming
in contact with the projecting stud w causes the delivery shaft end to oscillate
and stop the doffing cylinder and feed rollers, as before described. Where
coilers are used the funnel f may remain a fixture, and the lever or finger g
and the stud i are unnecessary, inasmuch as the breaking or failing of the
sliver at any point between the doffing cylinder and the coiler would cause the
funnel to rise and stop the doffing cylinder and feed rollers, as before
mentioned. This stop motion also operates when the can e is full in the
following manner: The pressure or friction of the sliver in the can against
the revolving part of the coiler produces the same oscillation at the end of
the delivery shaft as before described.
Fig. 6 represents part of a drawing frame with a plunger, to which our
improvements are applied. The drawing rollers a, x, and plunger y; with
the other parts of the machine not shewn in the Drawing, are made in
the usual manner. A is a funnel, balanced on a pivet or centres at the
bottom, attached by means of a rod B to a lever or finger C; D is the
ordinary vibrating shaft, forming part of the usual stop motion at the
feeding side of the frame; E is a continuation of the support of the
balanced funnel; F is a rod, attached to the plunger chain passing through
the fixing G, which is fixed to the plunger y. The mode of operation is
as follows: In the absence of the sliver, the funnel A falls back, and
causes the finger C to come in contact with the vibrating shaft D, thereby
throwing the driving strap from the fast to the loose pulley by the usual
machinery in connection with the shaft D, and lowering a bell connected to
the sliding stop rod by a chain or cord passing over a pulley to within reach
of a clapper, driven by the line shaft under the drawing frame, to give warning,
as described in reference to the carding engine; when the can is full the
slackness of the chain to which the plunger is suspended allows the rod F

page_text: to knock against the prolongation E, and push back the funnel A, thereby
stopping the machine, as before.
Fig. 7 represents an elevation, and Fig. 8 a plan, of our improved stop
motion, applied to a drawing frame with a coiler. H is a balanced funnel,
set in a fixing H₁, to which is attached a rod I, which passes through an
elbow lever J; K is a cam, fixed to the revolving part of the coiler; L is a
rod, connecting the elbow lever J with the finger or lever, marked C in Fig. 6,
that comes in contact with the ordinary vibrating shaft D. The mode of
operation is as follows:-In the absence of the sliver the balanced funnel
Hrises from the coiler, and depresses the rod I through the elbow lever J
until it comes into position for being acted upon by the cam K. This cam
moves the compound lever J and rod L in the direction for bringing the
finger C under the vibrating shaft D, thereby stopping the machine.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, we wish it to be understood that we do not claim the
application to carding engines and drawing frames of a stop motion for
stopping such machines when the slivers break or cease to be supplied in due
course, as attempts have before been made for accomplishing the same object;
but what we do claim is,-
First, the improved combination of machinery shewn and described in
reference to Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, forming a self-acting stop motion for a
carding engine, and for giving warning.
.
Secondly, the improved combinations of machinery shewn and described in
reference to Figs. 6, 7, and 8, forming self-acting stop motions for drawing
frames, and for giving warning.
In witness whereof, we, the said Richard Shaw and John Robinson,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Seventeenth day of
December, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-seven.
RICH SHAW.
(L.S.)
JOHN ROBINSON. (L.S.)