Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd May, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 20th Feb., 1897-Accepted, 8th May, 1897
raps.
We, JOHN CHARLES RAYMOND OKES, The Limes, Brondesbury Park, Middlesex,
Engineer, and ALFRED STUBBS, 8 St. Paul's Road Canonbury Middlesex, Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object improvements in steam traps wherein the principle
of this expansion and contraction of various metals or substances having different
coefficients of expansion is employed.
We prefer the use of tubes or strips or a combination of them (where tubes are
used the steam and water may be made to pass through them) in such a manner that
a compound action takes place-the tubes or strips are attached to each other
alternately, as regards their expansive efficiency, being placed parallel to each other,
or nearly so, one end of the line of tubes or strips being attached to a rigid base, the
other end actuating a valve, or a valve box may be firmly fixed on, the valve
spindle of which is connected to the base and adjusted by means of a spring or other
suitable arrangement-the action being that as the tubes or strips become hated,
those having the high coefficiency expand and close the valve and in contracting
open it. In the case of the steam or steam and water passing through a nest of tubes
of alternate coefficients of expansion, those having a high efficiency expand most and
in doing so the first one carries the next forward and so on to the last, whilst those
having a low coefficiency act in the opposite direction and in a slight degree counteract
those of high coefficiency-the difference of the expansion of the two metals or
substances being made available for the opening and closing of the valve. Where an
external chamber is employed the short lengths of tubes having a high efficiency of
expansion may be placed one within the other-each tube being connected to the next
by means of strips of metal or other material of low expansive efficiency, the
connection being made in such a manner that the expansion of the first tube acts
upon the second which in its turn acts upon the next and so en until the necessary
amount of expansion is obtained to close the valve. The tubes may be of a high, and
the strips of a low, coefficient of expansion or vice-versa, or in place of tubes strips
may be used.
Dated this 21st day of May 1896.
JOHN C. R. OKES.
ALFRED STUBBS.
сщения
raps.
We, JOHN CHARLES RAYMOND OKES, The Limes, Brondesbury Park, Middlesex,
Engineer, and ALFRED STUBBS, 8 St. Paul's Road, Canonbury, Middlesex, Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention has for its object improvements in steam traps wherein the principle
Paino er

page_text: of the expansion and contraction of various metals or substances having different
coefficients of expansion is employed.
We prefer the use of tubes or strips or a combination of them (where tubes are
used the steam and water may be made to pass through them) in such a manner that
a compound action takes place-the tubes or strips are attached to each other
alternately as regards their expansive efficiency, being placed parallel to each other, or
nearly so, one end of the line of tubes or strips heing attached to a rigid base, the
other end actuating a valve-or a valve box may be firmly fixed on, the valve spindle
of which is connected to the base and adjusted by means of a spring-or other
suitable arrangement-the action being that as the tubes or strips become heated,
those having the high coefficient of expansion expand and close the valve and in
contracting open it. "In the case of the steam or steam and water passing through
a nest of tubes of alternate coefficients of expansion, those having a high coefficient
of expansion expand most and in doing so the first one carries the next forward and
so on to the last, whilst those having a low coefficient of expansion act in the opposite
direction and in a slight degree counteract those of high coefficient of expansion,
the difference of the expansion of the two metals or substances being made available
for the opening and closing of the valve. Where an external chamber is employed
the short lengths of tubes having a high coefficient of expansion may be placed one
within the other each tube being connected to the next by means of strips of metal
or other material of low coefficient of expansion, the connection being made in such a
manner that the expansion of the first tube acts upon the second which in its turn
acts upon the next and so on until the necessary amount of expansion is obtained to
close the valve. The tubes may be of a high, and the strips of a low, coefficient of
expansion or tice-versa, or in place of tubes strips may be used.
In order to fully explain our invention we append hereto sheets of drawings.
.marked with letters of reference.
On Sheet I Fig. I is a side elevation in section of trap in which three tubes are
employed. Fig. II is an end elevation. Fig. III end view of tubes where three
are used. Fig. IV end view of tubes where five are used.
Sheet II Fig. V is a side elevation in section of trap where only one tube is
employed.
Similar letters refer to similar parts, so far as the difference in the number of tubes
employed will allow.
Sheet III Fig. VI is a side elevation in section. Fig. VII plan of trap with top
cover removed.
In Figs. I, II and V A is a fixed base. B and B are tubes having a high
coefficient of expansion C is a tube having a low coefficient of expansion D is the
valve box attached to the tube B'. E is an arm attached to the valve box D carrying
a stud or spindle F. G is a lever attached to a fixed point on the rigid base A and is
fitted with a screw for adjustment. H is the valve. K is an inlet, and L an outlet,
of trap.
In Fig. IV additional tubes are used viz. B2 having a high, and having a low,
coefficient of expansion. In this case the valve box D is attached to the tube B².
In Fig. V only one tube B is employed.
The action is as follows (in Figs. I, II, III and IV) On steam being admitted the
tube B, which is firmly fixed to the rigid base A at the point J, expands, carrying
forward the other tubes, which in their turn expand (the tube C or tubes C and C
expand in the opposite direction, but in a lesser degree) the valve box D is thus
carried forward to meet the valve H which, at the same time, is being moved towards
the valve box by the lever G which is actuated by the stud or spindle F. The valve
is thus closed. On water accumulating in the trap the tubes contract and the valve
opens.
In Fig. Va single tube B is employed, one end being attached to the rigid base A
at the point J, the other end carrying the valve box D with its arm E and stud or
spindle F which actuates the lever G and the valve H as before described.
Sheet III Figs. Vi and VII show a trap in which the steam and water are contained

page_text: in an external chamber. a is the external chamber. The strips of metal marked b have
a high coefficient of expansion. The metal cylinders marked d have a low coefficient of
expansion. e is the valve, f the valve seat (adjustable) g openings in the cylinders to
allow the water and steam to pass through, h is the inlet to trap, jis the outlet for
water. On steam being admitted the strips 6 expand carrying down the cylinders d
and the valve e until it rests on its seat f. On the accumulation of water the strips b
contract, lifting the cylinders d and the valve e, thus allowing the condensed water
to pass out.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In steam traps, the use of metals (or other substances) having different
coefficients of expansion by heat, placed alternately as shewn in the annexed drawings
and herein described and for the purposes set forth.
2. In steam traps, the use of metal tubes, wherein the steam is contained without
the aid of an external chamber-such tubes having different coefficients of expansion
by heat and being attached to each other alternately in such a manner that an
accumulative motion is produced by the expansion thereby actuating a valve.
3. The combination, in steam traps, of metal tubes having different coefficients of
expansion, with a lever attached to a fixed point whereby the expansion of the tubes
is made to act on both the valve box and the valve spindle (or valve) in such a
manner that the effective opening of the valve is materially increased.
4. In steam traps the action of which depends upon the expansion and contraction
of a tube or tubes for the purpose of causing a valve to open and close automatically
for draining off condensed water, the use of a lever, one end of which is actuated
by a connection to the tube or one of the tubes, the other end operating the valve in
such a manner that when expansion takes place the valve is moved towards the valve
seat whilst the valve box is approaching the valve, thus causing rapidity of action,
and when contraction of the tube or tubes takes place, ensuring a larger opening for
the escape of the condensed water.
Dated this 18th day of February 1897
JOHN C. R. OKES.
ALFRED STUBBS.

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd May, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 20th Feb., 1897-Accepted, 8th May, 1897
Improvements in Steam Traps.
We, JOHN CHARLES RAYMOND OKES, The Limes, Brondesbury Park, Middlesex,
Engineer, and ALFRED STUBBS, 8 St. Paul's Road Canonbury Middlesex, Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object improvements in steam traps wherein the principle
of this expansion and contraction of various metals or substances having different
coefficients of expansion is employed.
We prefer the use of tubes or strips or a combination of them (where tubes are
used the steam and water may be made to pass through them) in such a manner that
a compound action takes place the tubes or strips are attached to each other
alternately, as regards their expansive efficiency, being placed parallel to each other,
or nearly so, one end of the line of tubes or strips being attached to a rigid base, the
other end actuating a valve, or a valve box may be firmly fixed on, the valve
spindle of which is connected to the base and adjusted by means of a spring or other
suitable arrangement-the action being that as the tubes or strips become heated,
those having the high coefficiency expand and close the valve and in contracting
open it. In the case of the steam or steam and water passing through a nest of tubes
of alternate coefficients of expansion, those having a high efficiency expand most and
in doing so the first one carries the next forward and so on to the last, whilst those
having a low coefficiency act in the opposite direction and in a slight degree counteract
those of high coefficiency-the difference of the expansion of the two metals or
substances being made available for the opening and closing of the valve. Where an
external chamber is employed the short lengths of tubes having a high efficiency of
expansion may be placed one within the other-each tube being connected to the next
by means of strips of metal or other material of low expansive efficiency, the
connection being made in such a manner that the expansion of the first tube acts
upon the second which in its turn acts upon the next and so en until the necessary
amount of expansion is obtained to close the valve. The tubes may be of a high, and
the strips of a low, coefficient of expansion or vice-versa, or in place of tubes strips
may be used.
Dated this 21st day of May 1896.
JOHN C. R. OKES.
ALFRED. STUBBS.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Traps.
We, JOHN CHARLES RAYMOND OKES, The Limes, Brondesbury Park, Middlesex,
Engineer, and ALFRED STUBBS, 8 St. Paul's Road, Canonbury, Middlesex, Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention has for its object improvements in steam traps wherein the principle

page_text: of the expansion and contraction of various metals or substances having different
coefficients of expansion is employed.
We prefer the use of tubes or strips or a combination of them (where tubes are
used the steam and water may be made to pass through them) in such a manner that
a compound action takes place the tubes or strips are attached to each other
alternately as regards their expansive efficiency, being placed parallel to each other, or
nearly so, one end of the line of tubes or strips being attached to a rigid base, the
other end actuating a valve-or a valve box may be firmnly fixed on, the valve spindle
of which is connected to the base and adjusted by means of a spring-or other
suitable arrangement-the action being that as the tubes or strips become heated,
those having the high coefficient of expansion expand and close the valve and in
contracting open it. "In the case of the steam or steam and water passing through
a nest of tubes of alternate coefficients of expansion, those having a high coefficient
of expansion expand most and in doing so the first one carries the next forward and
so on to the last, whilst those having a low coefficient of expansion act in the opposite
direction and in a slight degree counteract those of high coefficient of expansion,
the difference of the expansion of the two metals or substances being made available
for the opening and closing of the valve. Where an external chamber is employed
the short lengths of tubes having a high coefficient of expansion may be placed one
within the other each tube being connected to the next by means of strips of metal
or other material of low coefficient of expansion, the connection being made in such a
manner that the expansion of the first tube acts upon the second which in its turn
acts upon the next and so on until the necessary amount of expansion is obtained to
close the valve. The tubes may be of a high, and the strips of a low, coefficient of
expansion or rice-versa, or in place of tubes strips may be used.
In order to fully explain ur invention we append hereto sheets of drawings
marked with letters of reference.
On Sheet 1 Fig. I is a side elevation in section of trap in which three tubes are
employed. Fig. II is an end elevation. Fig. III end view of tubes where three
are used. Fig. IV end view of tubes where five are used.
Sheet II Fig. V is a side elevation in section of trap where only one tube is
employed.
Similar letters refer to similar parts, so far as the difference in the number of tubes
employed will allow,
Sheet III Fig. VI is a side elevation in section. Fig. VII plan of trap with top
cover removed.
In Figs. I, II and V A is a fixed base. B and B are tabes having a high
coefficient of expansion C is a tube, having a low coefficient of expansion D is the
valve box attached to the tube B'. E is an arm attached to the valve box D carrying
a stud or spindle F. G is a lever attached to a fixed point on the rigid base A and is
fitted with a screw for adjustment. H is the valve. K is an inlet, and L an outlet,
of trap.
In Fig. IV additional tubes are used viż. B2 having a high, and having a low,
coefficient of expansion. In this case the valve box D is attached to the tube B².
In Fig. V only one tube B is employed.
The action is as follows (in Figs. I, II, III and IV) On steam being admitted the
tube B, which is firmly fixed to the rigid base A at the point J, expands, carrying
forward the other tubes, which in their turn expand (the tube C or tubes and C
expand in the opposite direction, but in a lesser degree) the valve box D is thus
carried forward to meet the valve H which, at the same time, is being moved towards
the valve box by the lever G which is actuated by the stud or spindle F. The valve
is thus closed. On water accumulating in the trap the tubes contract and the valve
opens.
In Fig. Va single tube B is employed, one end being attached to the rigid base A
at the point J, the other end carrying the valve box D with its arm E and stud or
spindle F which actuates the lever G and the valve H as before described.
Sheet III Figs. VI and VII show a trap in which the steam and water are contained

page_text: in an external chamber. a is the external chamber. The strips of metal marked 6 have
a high coefficient of expansion. The metal cylinders marked d have a low coefficient of
expansion. e is the valve, f the valve seat (adjustable) g openings in the cylinders to
allow the water and steam to pass through, h is the inlet to trap, j is the outlet for
water. On steam being admitted the strips b expand carrying down the cylinders d
and the valve e until it rests on its seat f. On the accumulation of water the strips b
contract, lifting the cylinders d and the valve e, thus allowing the condensed water
to pass out.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In steam traps, the use of metals (or other substances) having different
coefficients of expansion by heat, placed alternately as shewn in the annexed drawings
and herein described and for the purposes set forth.
2. In steam traps, the use of metal tubes, wherein the steam is contained without
the aid of an external chamber-such tubes having different coefficients of expansion
by heat and being attached to each other alternately in such a manner that an
accumulative motion is produced by the expansion thereby actuating a valve.
3. The combination, in steam traps, of metal tubes having different coefficients of
expansion, with a lever attached to a fixed point whereby the expansion of the tubes
is made to act on both the valve box and the valve spindle (or valve) in such a
manner that the effective opening of the valve is materially increased.
4. In steam traps the action of which depends upon the expansion and contraction
of a tube or tubes for the purpose of causing a valve to open and close automatically
for draining off condensed water, the use of a lever, one end of which is actuated
by a connection to the tube or one of the tubes, the other end operating the valve in
such a manner that when expansion takes place the valve is moved towards the valve
seat whilst the valve box is approaching the valve, thus causing rapidity of action,
and when contraction of the tube or tubes takes place, ensuring a larger opening for
the escape of the condensed water.
Dated this 18th day of February 1897.
JOHN C. R. OKES.
ALFRED STUBBS.