IMPROVEMENTS APPERTAINING TO BOTTLES AND STOPPERS AND ARTICLES TO BE EMPLOYED THEREWITH, AND IN THE Con- SADRAMTAY MINHHA ARYED D AND CONDENANTAN MURDER "
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Southwood Stocker, of Horsleydown,
London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS APPERTAINING TO BOTTLES
AND STOPPERS AND ARTICLES TO BE EMPLOYED THEREWITH, AND IN THE Con-
SADRAMTAY
MINHHA ARYED D
AND CONDENANTAN MURDER
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Southwood
Stocker at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 29th April 1871.
I, ALEXANDER SOUTHWOOD STOCKER, of Horseleydown, London, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
APPERTAINING TO BOTTLES AND STOPPERS AND ARTICLES TO BE EMPLOYED THEREWITH,
AND IN THE CONSTRUCTION, MANUFACTURE, AND COMBINATION THEREOF," to be as
follows:-
The improvements relate to stoppers, caps, or covers to be employed
with feeding and other bottles, and to articles to be employed with some
of such bottles, such as the union shield and teat used with feeding
bottles. I prefer to make some of the stoppers, caps, or covers of
porcelain or glass by certain dies and pressure, effecting them thereby of

page_text: the desirable formations necessary to the purposes for which they are
intended to be employed, but in cases as requirements may necessitate,
I make some out of metal, especially soft metal that will yield freely
into the various configurations wished for when the necessary pressure is
applied thereto, and by the methods which I use for their manufacture;
some of these I make by cutting out of rolled sheet metal round discs,
say pure tin, or tin adulterated with lead or other mixture or mixtures of
metals, or lead coated with tin (the two latter not to be amalgamations)
when intended for certain purposes). I prefer to make these soft metal
stoppers, caps, or covers in most respects by a process similar to that
described in the Specification of a Patent granted to John Rand on the
29th day of September 1842, No. 9180. With some of these stoppers,
caps, or covers I employ cork or other flexible material or materials in
different manners, constructing and combining them suitable to their
purposes, some of which are intended to rule the delivery of the contents
of the vessels to which they are intended to be applied at the side or
midway between the top and bottom of such stoppers, caps, or covers
and over the tops of the vessels, and some of them are intended to rule
the delivery of the contents of the vessels with which they are employed
below the bottom or extreme end of such stoppers, caps, or covers in the
manner wished for; and some I construct with or without a spring and
glass disc affixed to or within such stopper, cap, or cover, and render the
latter to be locked and unlocked from the bottle, thereby economising
the manufacture and superseding the use of the expensive mode of
procedure now in use. The unions to be employed with feeding bottles
I make out of drawn glass or other tube or other pieces cut into suitable
lengths, and afterwards reduce the two ends thereof to a desirable
diameter and configuration capable of receiving and holding firmly
thereon the ordinary flexible tube and teat, as also the shield or usual
appendages now in universal use with feeding bottles, or they may be
moulded while in a plastic state. The shields I make in metal or other
material, or in metal and india-rubber or other suitable material, or
materials combined by cutting out in round discs the various pieces of
which the shield is composed, and afterwards complete their manufacture
by the aid of tools now in general use by button manufacturers in the
manufacture of covered buttons, and technically known in the trade as
raising, drawing through, and closing tools.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alexander Southwood Stocker in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 28th October 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALEXANDER
SOUTHWOOD STOCKER, of Horsleydown, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of April, in the year
of our Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Alexander Southwood Stocker, Her
special licence that I, the said Alexander Southwood Stocker, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Alexander Southwood Stocker, my executors, administrators, and as-
signs, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS APPERTAINING TO BOTTLES
AND STOPPERS AND ARTICLES TO BE EMPLOYED THEREWITH, AND IN THE CON-
STRUCTION, MANUFACTURE, AND COMBINATION THEREOF," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Alexander Southwood Stocker, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and scals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alexander Southwood Stocker, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
My said improvements relate to bottles and stoppers but chiefly to
the latter and also to some of the articles to be employed therewith.
The accomplishment of my Invention will be readily understood by
the following statement and Sheets of Drawings subjoined hereto.

page_text: I will first describe my Invention appertaining to feeding bottles and
the articles to be employed therewith, such as the stopper, the union
and shield.
Figure 1, Sheet 1, represents in section what I term a plug stopper
-embodying some of my improvements applied thereto. I prefer to make
this stopper in porcelain or such like or other similar suitable plastic
material that will conform to the various configurations required by the
aid of dies and pressure herein-after explained. It has six feathers or
projections a formed upon its stem or shank 6 (it may be more or less)
as well as a recess c made underneath its head piece for the purpose
of "together" holding thereon and therein a cork ring b intended
It has also an oblique
to stop effectually the orifice of the vessel.
hole e through for the purpose of holding therein a peculiar valve com-
posed of cane. It has likewise a hole through its entire length for
the purpose of holding the ordinary india-rubber tube, glass tube, and
teat, as well as for holding the shield and union to render the apparatus
complete and in readiness for use. The compounding of this plug
stopper is as follows, viz' : —When I have realized the bare figure of the
stopper (say the material to be in porcelain) according with the Drawing
I place the cork barrel d over and upon its stem or shank and force
it into and down tightly to the bottom of the recess c, when the cork
ring and stopper will become imbedded and so solidified together that
no ordinary usage will disturb its fixture.. I now place firmly into the
oblique hole e a piece of natural grown cane, cutting it off at both ends
fair or flush with the stopper, which furnishes it with a firmly fixed
permanent valve necessary to the efficient action of the apparatus when
in use.
Figures 2 and 3 represent a cap or stopper with corrugations a
and thereon and therein, the former being for ornament while it affords
a good grip in taking it on and off the vessel, and the latter together
with the recess c are for the purpose of holding immovable the cork
ring d when placed tightly therein for use, the valve e is similar in all
respects to that described in freference to Figure 1.
I will now explain my improved unions and the method and means
pursued by me in their production according with my Invention, one of
these, Figure 3, is composed of porcelain or such like suitable plastic
material. I produce them by the aid of moulds, as shewn at Figures 1

page_text: and 2, Sheet 2. The two halves A and B are so shaped as to resemble
the contour of six unions, while the pins C are for the purpose of forming
their inner figures. The two halves are strapped or combined together
by the hinge D so as to open and close readily, assisted by the steady
pin E when in working condition. The pins F are by the aid of the
handle G passed up to their stops H in the die. A desirable piece of
clay or other similar plastic material is now placed along the flat of the
lower half of the dic (covering the pins) when the other or upper half
is closed down upon its companion half. It is now placed under a fly or
other press and pressure exerted thereon, when a complete figure of the
six unions will be the result. The pins are now withdrawn, the unions
released, and so on the operation repeated. I use a series of these dies
for the purpose of despatch, one following each other in their rotation.
I would observe that while the unions are being moulded according with
my Invention the overflow or waste material will necessarily ooze out
of the outer edges of the mould, leaving (where the dies meet enclosing)
on each union a trifling fin or thin edge. In this state they are passed
through what is known and technically called in pottery trade the
biscuit oven, for the purpose of firing and hardening them, after which
some considerable number of grosses together are placed into a cask
and rolled for a desirable period so as to (by the friction they receive)
rid them of their superfluous fins, after which they may or may not be
passed through another firing (having been first coated with the proper
material), that is, provided they are required to be glazed for the purpose
of rendering them more sightly. Unions applicable to the same purpose
to which my Invention applies and made out of the same kind of
material to which I now more particularly refer, viz., "clay, has been
hitherto made out of solid blocks of the material of which they are
composed, and the tedious process of drilling and turning in a lathe to
produce their formations have been resorted to.
The process, method, and means pursued by me in moulding them
by the aid of dies and pressure in combination with moveable pins as
herein set forth and described, I claim as my Invention or any modifi-
cation thereof. I would observe that one only or some dozens of these
unions may be effected at one time by these means, but I prefer to
manufacture the number which I have selected for the purpose, being
the best I have found for turning them out with rapidity.

page_text: Ordinary unions now in general use for the same purpose to which a
further part of my Invention applies have hitherto been made of wood,
bone, and ivory, &c., all of which have been produced singly out of
solid blocks of the various materials of which they are composed, and
the method used to produce them of their necessary formations have
been accomplished by the usual mode also of drilling and turning
Unions are also
herein-before referred to, and now in every day use.
made composed of tin, or tin and lead, or such like materials by casting
them in a mould in the ordinary manner of casting, also in every day
use. Unions are made also out of glass by compressing it when in its
molten state into a mould or matrix so shaped as that when pressure
is applied to a plunger acting upon the molten metal the latter is forced
into the mould or matrix for the purpose of the article out of which I
produce these unions and the method and means I pursue and the
process for the manufacture thereof receiving its figure; this method
also is in every day use.
Now my Invention is diametrically opposite to any of thesc. I
manufacture glass tubing, of desirable outer and inner diameter, suitable
to the union I intend to produce by_taking_in_the ordinary manner as
glass is taken out of the furnace pot in its molten state a sufficient
quantity to draw a rod of tubing to a length of, say from 40 to 60 fect.
which will produce about one thousand unions more or less, some few
minutes will accomplish the manufacture of this rod of glass, which
is now laid down in a straight state to cool, two or three minutes also
will accomplish this, rendering it in a state to be operated upon by
severing it into lengths according with the union desirable for the
bottle to which it is intended to be applied, which division is accomplished
in any ordinary manner now well known and in which there is
nothing particular. After gathering together the now severed pieces
of glass, I place say a gross or thereabouts (ends upwards protruding
about inch or so above the surface into a hopper or holder with
properly distanced holes made therein (gutta percha I prefer). This
hopper or holder with the divided articles therein is now placed on a
surfaced york or other prepared stone having a desirable cut for its
purpose, which with the assistance of a cutting material (such as sand
and water) will with the aid of a round-about motion given to the
hopper or holder by the aid of the arm and hand cause such motion as

page_text: will in two or three minutes surface the whole of the ends facing the
stone in a workman-like manner, after which they are released and
placed in the same or like receptacle and treated in like manner which
will cause them to come out with their other ends equally well surfaced,
and their lengths will be mathematically true one with the other. The
now partially prepared articles are next placed in an apparatus and
held in the following manner for the purpose of operating upon each
end simultaneously, reducing and shaping both to such configurations
as may be desirable for holding the ordinary articles or appendages of
a feeding bottle intended to be placed thereto or thereon in an efficient
manner, herein-after described, after which each end of each union may
bc beveled by any suitable means for the purpose of softening off the
edge of each end of each union and thereby prevent cutting or injuring
the india-rubber when placing thereon the articles to be employed
therewith. Drawn glass tube applicable to the same purpose as my
Invention have never been hitherto applied to the manufacture of or
fashioning it into unions in any manner whatever. The method or
means pursued by me for producing these unions, one of which is shown
at Fig. 4 to be employed with feeding bottles may be modified without
departing from my Invention.
And I do not claim the manufacture of glass tube generally, but I do
claim its application to and the manufacture thereof into unions to be
employed with feeding bottles as herein set forth or any modification
thereof.
Having described the various improvements relating to part of my
Invention I shall now proceed to describe the machinery and apparatus
for producing the same.
Figs. 1 and 2, Sheet 3, represent a respectively front elevation and
side view of machinery with my Invention for shaping the union, Fig. 4,
Sheet 1. A is a hollow bed plate provided with lugs or arms B, to
which is fitted the forked arms C, so as to turn freely on a centre D.
This forked arm C carrics at its upper end hollow bosses E, E, fitted
with spindles F, F, the inner ends G, G, of which are conical recesses for
the purpose of holding the union to be operated upon. H is a mandril
head carrying a spindle or short shaft I fitted with fast and loose driving
pullies K, K; this shaft also carries the disc cutters L, L, which shapes
the union into its desired form. M is a forked lever which embraces

page_text: the lever C, and is centred at N at the upper part of the hollow base
plate A. This fork lever is slotted and provided with an adjustable
piece O for the purpose of regulating the depth of the cut to be made
in the union. The drawn glass tube having been prepared so far into
suitable lengths to form the union are placed singly in the conical
recesses formed in the ends of the spindles F, and are held firmly therein
by the spring P while under the cutting operation. Q, Q, are hand
wheels fitted on to the outer ends of the spindles F for the purpose of
turning, so as to rotate the union while under the operation of formation.
When the union has been shaped, the forked arm C is thrown back
and held out of contact by a slot R formed in the forked lever M,
engaging with a pin S fitted to the arm C so as to permit the union,
after having received the formation desirable for use, may be removed
from its holder, and a fresh one to be placed therein to be operated
upon, and so on. The operation may be repeated with great rapidity
in the most convenient manner by the assistance of a boy attending the
machine.
The improved shield, Fig. 5, according to my Invention, is made in
the following manner :-I cut out of tinned iron or other such like or
other suitable material for the purpose round discs of desirable diameter,
and then perforate a proper sized hole in the centre thereof. I then turn
up the edges a and b of both the outside and inside of the blank of
sufficient depth for the purpose of embracing and closing over, upon, and
to hold firmly a round piece of india-rubber cloth c; the india-rubber
face to be outwards for the purpose of possessing a sensitive, natural,
and more comfortable feeling to the infant than by the use of the
ordinary bone shields now so universally used.
The manufacture of this part of my Invention is effected by the aid of
tools similar to those now in general use by button manufacturers, and
technically called cutting out, drawing through, raising, and closing a
tools; and as this method is well known it needs no further description.
In place of turning up out of the solid blank the inside edge of the hole,
as so left from the piercing tools, an eyelet may be placed therein in
lieu thereof for the purpose of closing together the pieces, which process
will impart a neatness in its finish.
Having now described that part of my Invention so far as appertains
to feeding bottles and the articles to be employed therewith, except as
3

page_text: to moulding their stoppers, caps, or otherwise, which I shall hereafter
explain.
Fig. 3, Sheet 2, is a sectional elevation of the die for forming the cap
stoppers, Figs. 14 and 15, Sheet 1 of the Drawings; and Fig. 4 a hori-
zontal section of the same. The matrix is in two parts, A. and B; C is
the plunger. The part B of the matrix is hinged at D to a piece E,
which is capable of turning in a horizontal direction on the pin F. The
material of which the cap is to be formed is placed in the matrix, and
the plunger is made to descend and forces the material therein to receive
its figure. The plunger then rises, and the part B of the matrix is
then turned on its hinge D in a vertical direction, and in a horizontal
direction on the pin F, so as to enable the cap to be removed with
facility.
Fig. 5 represents a vertical section of a mould for forming the cap,
shewn at Fig. 7, Sheet 1. A is the matrix; B a plunger, which works
through a sleeve C. The material is placed in the matrix A, and the
plunger brought down so as to form the cap to its figure. The plunger
then rises, carrying with it the sleeve C, the latter being held in contact
therewith by the india-rubber springs D, D. When the plunger is raised
a certain distance the projections E, E, formed on the sleeve C come in
contact with suitable stops fitted to the press which carries the plunger,
so that by the further ascent of the plunger B the cap that has been
formed and still holds to the plunger will be released by reason of its
coming in contact with the sleeve through which the plunger slides.
Fig. 6 is a mould for forming a stopper somewhat similar to that
shewn at Fig. 11, with a screw on its end, as shewn at Fig. 11 in the
matrix A, a loose piece of metal a having a screw thread formed therein.
The material forming the stopper is placed in the matrix, and the stopper
is formed in a somewhat similar manner to that last described, and the
plunger having been raised the stopper is removed from the matrix,
taking with it the loose piece a, which is then unscrewed from the
stopper, leaving the latter with a screw thread formed thereon. The
loose piece a is now dropped in its recess in the die again for the
purpose of forming the screw upon the next stopper to be moulded,
and so on the operation repeated.
Ti
i
mould farming
000 stannen somewhat similan to that

page_text: the top of the corrugations, as clearly shewn in the Drawings. The cap
having been formed the plunger B is raised, leaving the cap in the
lower part of the mould. C is a loose ring which fits accurately
the projection A, and which is removed therefrom, carrying with it the
moulded stopper, which is released therefrom by placing the ring C on
to the projection, which releases the cap therefrom. a is a valve fitted
into the projection A to facilitate the manufacture thereof.
I will now proceed to detail my improvements in sprinkling caps or
stoppers to be applied to bottles, technically called sprinklers, con-
stituting a further part of my Invention, which is as follows, viz., the
stopper A, Figure 6, is made of porcelain moulded in a die, to be
hereafter explained. The top cap a is merely an ornament fixed on to
its top by cementing or otherwise. It will be seen that this stopper
is so constructed that the egress of the contents of the bottle is at its
side. The stopper fits into a cork ring in the bottle neck, and raising
it partially up will cause the bottle to discharge the liquid thercout,
while returning it down to its shoulder again will close it air-tight.
The cap or stopper, Figure 7, is also made of porcelain and moulded
in a die to be hereafter explained. It has a cork ring therein for the
purpose of fitting on to and stopping a plain neck bottle. The cap a on
its sprinkling part has also a cork ring therein for the purpose of
stopping and closing its orifice when in action.
The cap or stopper, Figure 8, is also made of porcelain, and moulded
in a die hereafter to be explained. This in like manner to that last
mentioned has a cork ring therein fitting on to a plain neck bottle.
This cap and cork ring has a hole made through them for permitting the
egress of the liquid over the top of the bottle when the cap or stopper
has been partially raised, and upon returning to its former position will
again become air-tight.
The cap or stopper, Figure 9, is precisely the same as the last referred 3
to except that the egress of the liquid is below the extreme end of the
cap or stopper, caused by a hole a being made through the neck of the
bottle for that purpose, as will be seen by the Drawing.
I do not claim the hole in this bottle or the construction of the cap
as the hole therein for the liquid, this having been done previously 3
to my Invention, but I do claim the construction of such cap moulded
in porcelain, as shown on such bottle.

page_text: Figure 10 is in all respects like Figure 6, except that the liquid passes
upwards and direct through the stopper and is controlled by the aid of
a cap a constructed and applied as in Figure 7.
The stopper, Figure 11, is in all respects like Figure 10, except that its
upper part is screwed to receive a screw cap a thereon in place of being
cork lined, which method of screwing is effected by the aid of moulding
herein-after to be explained.
The stopper, Figure 12, is made of porcelain and moulded in a dic to
be herein-after explained. It has a recess c under its head and its shank
or stem has feathers a thereon extending down to the bottom of
the recess for the purpose of holding firmly thereon a cork ring a
intended for the purpose of stopping the neck of a bottle and to be
used in like manner to ordinary corks (Figure 13 represents a sectional
and an under side view of a similar stopper with the cork ring removed).
It has also a hole from end to end, and a cap constructed the same and
fitting on to the sprinkling part for the like purpose.
Of some of these herein-before already referred to Figure 14 is a cap
or stopper with corrugations both on its outside and inside, so made for
the purposes as explained in the valve feeding bottle cap or stopper,
Figure 2, Sheet 1, and moulded on a die. This cap or stopper is mado
precisely in the same manner and for the like purpose as that last
referred to except that the corrugations are filled up by a ring and of
gutta percha or other like suitable material that will be of a yielding
character so as to fit on to a bottle suitable for its reception. This ring
before applying it to the cap is moulded with a suitable screw on its
inner periphery as also with corrugations on its outer diameter agrecing
with the corrugations produced in the cap or stopper into which the
screw ring is to be tightly forced, when it will become firmly fixed
therein, rendering it thereby a most efficient screw cap to be used with
blow or burst off bottles in place of the ordinary screwed caps now in
use for that purpose, and I claim the method and means employed
by me and the contrivances herein set forth to attain this part of my
Invention. This cap, together with that last referred to, are composed
of clay or pottery and also moulded in a die which I will now proceed
to explain.
A-
stannar formed in such manner that it contains

page_text: be of other metal), with a hole pierced in the centre of its top end for
the reception of the flanged metal tube b, which is to be placed in the
shell taking its resting place upon its shoulder down upon and through
the hole in the shell, where it is to be fixed by soldering it thereto, or it
be otherwise fixed, when it will become a cap or stopper in shape
like Figure 7, and its after or complete construction and its application
and use will be in like manner to Figure 7, and it will be obvious that
all similar facilities will be attained by this mode of procedure like those
may
בד
be of other metal), with a hole pierced in the centre of its top end for
the reception of the flanged metal tube b, which is to be placed in the
shell taking its resting place upon its shoulder down upon and through
the hole in the shell, where it is to be fixed by soldering it thereto, or it
may be otherwise fixed, when it will become a cap or stopper in shape
like Figure 7, and its after or complete construction and its application
and use will be in like manner to Figure 7, and it will be obvious that
all similar facilities will be attained by this mode of procedure like those
in Figure 7.
And I claim the construction, combination, and application of this
part of my Invention, and its use and employment with sprinkling
bottles.
The stopper, Figure 17, the body of which consists of wood or
porcelain, or it may be of other suitable material for the purposes of my
Invention, has a hole made therethrough for receiving a piece of drawn
glass tube a of desirable length and diameter inside and outside to accord
with the delivery of the contents of the bottle in the manner wished for
when placed therein, and also for holding a cork-lined cap on stopper b,
upon that part of the glass tube which protrudes through the head picce
of the stopper, on the shank of which a hollow cork c acting as a stopper
for the bottle is fixed by cementing or otherwise. In case the body of
the stopper be wood it will by forcing the glass tube thereon hold it
sufficiently firm for all purposes, and in case it be porcelain the hole
must be sufficiently large to permit a lining of cork to be interposed
between it and the glass tube, when by forcing the latter thcrcin it will
become so firmly fixed altogether that it will remain permanently good
for all uses. The tops of these stoppers are covered with metal and spun
or pressed over tightly, embracing them underneath or somewhat beyond
their edge, as shewn in the Drawing; this, however, I do not claim as
my Invention, the tops of stoppers for bottles having been covered
previously in order that the wood body stopper here referred to may be
rendered more sightly I place over their shank, to rest on the underneath
uncovered part of the stopper a metal ring e, which may bear any
device, name or address thereon, having been previously struck in a die
for that
purpose.
T

page_text: The stopper, Figure 18, is made of the peculiar form shewn for the
purpose of covering that part of the bottle neck to which it is applied,
rendering the unsightliness of the cork barrel into which the shank of the
stopper is fitted and also to avoid the trouble and expence of covering that
part with a ring of metal as is now generally the case. This stopper is
constructed somewhat like Figure 17 as far as regards the glass tube
being employed therewith and fitted thereto or therein by the aid of
cork a, being interposed for the safe tightening thereof as in the instance
referred to relating to that of porcelain. The shell 6 consists of gilding
metal, and the tube or shank c into which the glass tube is firmly held
by the cork d is soldered or otherwise fixed on to the shell, and may be
composed of pure tin, tinned iron, or of other material suitable for the
purpose of avoiding by the baseness of metals or other articles the
essences and perfumes coming in contact therewith and thereby con-
taminate their purity, while should such a protection be disregarded it
is obvious that this part of my Invention would completely fail and be
worthless.
I claim the manufacture, application, construction, combination, use,
and employment thereof with sprinkling bottles a further part of my
Invention as represented by the stopper Figure 19, and is similar to that
last described, inasmuch as that the shell and shank are therein explained
somewhat similar, with the exception that its shank had feathers ↳ made
thereon or attached to it for the purpose of holding a cork ring c thereon
which is further held by turning up the metal at the bottom of the tube
over the end of the cork as shewn in the Drawing, thus rendering it a
secure and portable stopper to be used as ordinary corks for the stopping
of ordinary bottles.
Figure 20, Sheet 1, represents a further part of my Invention, a double
bottle fitted with my improvement at one end thereof, A being fitted
and formed similarly to Figure 8, whilst the opposite end B of the neck
of the bottle is provided with a screw blown on part of such neck, as
shewn in the Drawing, and part is left plain. A screw cap holds firmly
the top of the bottle in contact with the disc of glass a.
The spring d
will give way by the pressure of the neck of the bottle upon the glass
disc when the cap has made one or two turns on its screw, as shewn in
the Drawing. It will then commence stopping firmly the orifice of the
bottle by pressing against the glass disc actuated by the spring bottle,

page_text: and construction, and the combination as herein-before explained will
allow the caps to be very readily released from and placed again in their
positions, while such a mode of procedure will be effective in their uses
and economical in their manufacture.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Southwood Stocker, t
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day
of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-one.
ALEX. SOUTHWOOD STOCKER. (L.s.)