IMPROVE. MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRAWING OFF FLUIDS FROM ANIMAL BODIES
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edwin Lewis Brundage, of Jewin Crescent, in
the City of London, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVE.
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRAWING OFF FLUIDS FROM ANIMAL BODIES."
A communication.
Sealed the 22nd January 1853, and dated the 26th November 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edwin Lewis
Brundage at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 26th November 1852.
I, EDWIN LEWIS BRUNDAGE, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS POR DRAWING OFF
FLUIDS FROM ANIMAL BODIES" to be as follows:-
The apparatus which forms the subject of the present application
is intended, under slight modifications, to be used by cuppers for
drawing off blood or for taking milk froin the breast and for other
analogous uses. When employed for drawing off inilk, it is com-
posed of a glass cup, or receiver, which communicates with a com-
pressible elastic chamber intended as an exhauster. A bent tube
projects from this chamber into the cup, and forms a channel for the

page_text: escape of the air contained in the cup without disturbing the milk
which it may contain. The chamber is provided with a valve open-
ing outwards, and a coiled spring is inserted in the chamber for the
purpose of keeping it expanded.
In operating with this apparatus the cup is applied to the breast,
and the chamber is alternately compressed by the fingers and
allowed to expand by the elastic pressure of the spring, and thus
a partial vacuum is set up in the cup (the air being drawn out
through the tube before mentioned), which partial vacuum may be
maintained as long as is thought desirable, by continuing the ex-
hausting action of the compressible chamber.
When the apparatus is to be applied for drawing off blood, it will
be convenient to provide the chamber with two valves; the one for
effecting the exhausting, as before, and the other for preventing the
return of air to the partially exhausted receiver, which might other-
wise occur by reason of the compression of the chamber to effect its
exhaustion.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, filed by the said Edwin Lewis Brundage in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 23rd March 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
EDWIN LEWIS BRUNDAGE, of Jewin Crescent, in the City of London,
Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by IIer
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of November,
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, and in the sixteenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Ier heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Edwin Lewis Brundage, Her special
license that I, the said Edwin Lewis Brundage, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edwin
Lewis Brundage, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all

page_text: times thereafter during the terin therein expressed, should and law-
fully might make, use, exercise, and vend within the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRAWING OFF
FLUIDS FROM ANIMAL BODIES," being a communication from abroad,
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edwin Lewis
Brundage, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the saine was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edwin Lewis Brundage, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the
Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon (that is to say):
This Invention, as communicated to me by my foreign correspond-
ent, relates to the combination of a breast cup, cupping or leeching
glass, with a flexible chamber, which is capable of being compressed
to exhaust the air therefrom, and of expanding by the force of a
spring contained therein, and which is provided with a valve or
valves arranged so as to open as desired to permit of the exhaustion
of the chamber, and to operate in an opposite manner to insure
suction when the cylinder shall expand.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1, is an elevation of an appa-
ratus constructed according to this Invention, and intended to be
used for drawing milk from the breasts of females. Fig. 2, is a
longitudinal section, representing the interior of the same. Fig. 3,
is a partial section of a modification of the apparatus constructed
for the use of cuppers; and Fig. 4, is a view of a tube to replace the
cupping glass when the apparatus is employed in connection with
the operation of leeching.
The construction of the apparatus is as follows: A, A*, are the

page_text: heads of a flexible chamber B. These heads are made of Britannia
ware, or other suitable rigid material, and they are united together
by a tube of india rubber, or other flexible material impervious to
air. In the stem a, which screws into the head A, a small tube, C,
is inserted. This tube extends into a cup or glass, D, which is
cemented into the socket of the screw stem, its use being to form a
passage for the escape of the air from the glass when the instrument
is applied to the breast, and thereby to assist in obtaining a partial
vacuum in the glass. If preferred, the stem a, may be dispensed
with, and the glass attached directly to the head A. Between the two
heads A, A, and bearing on the inner surface thereof, is a coiled
spring, E, which is enclosed within the india rubber cloth tube, and
has the tendency to keep the chamber extended to its full capacity.
The flexible tube is secured to the heads A, A*, by bending its
edges upon their projecting flanges b, b. In the head A* (see Fig.
2), there is an opening, c, covered by a valve, d, which is enclosed
in a small chamber formed by a cap, e, which is perforated with
several holes for the passage of air. When operating with the
breast cup, the glass is placed to the breast, the end of the tube, C,
being uppermost in order to prevent the milk from flowing into the
cylinder. The heads A, A*, are then pressed together, which action
causes the valve d to open, and permits the air contained in the
chamber B, to escape through the opening c. The pressure is then
withdrawn from the heads, and the chamber is left free to expand by
the force of the spring E. The valve d now closes by reason of the
pressure of the outward air, and the exhausted chamber, B, sucks
up the air contained in the glass D, and causes the milk to flow
from the breast and fill the partial vacuum thus created in the glass.
In the arrangement of the apparatus for cupping or leeching, there
is an extra valve, f (see Fig. 3), mounted on the screw stem a, so
that when the chamber 13 is contracted, and the exhaustion takes
place, the valve will close and bar any pressure of air in the cup
or tube, and when expanding the in-draft of air from the cup or
tube to the chamber, will open the valve and perimit of the exhaus-
tion taking place.

page_text: Having thus described the nature and object of the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRAWING OFF FLUIDS FROM ANIMAL BODIES,"
as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, I wish it to be
understood that under the above in part recited Letters Patent, I
clain the combination of a flexible exhaust chamber, with a breast
cup, cupping glass, or leeching tube, when such chamber is provided
with a spring for effecting its expansion, and is fitted with a valve
or valves operating in the manner and for the purpose above set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edwin Lewis Brundage, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of
March, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-three.
E. L. BRUNDAGE. (L.S.)
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane, London.