matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATING MACHINERY
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Louis Serbat at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th August
1862.
I, LOUIS SERBAT, of Valenciennes, France, and 4, South Street, Finsbury,
London, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATING MACHINERY," to be as follows, that is to say :-
My improvements consist in employing napthaline either alone or mixed or
combined with other substances for lubricating parts of machinery.
The employment of napthalino in preparations for lubricating has for object
to make them more durable and unctuous. I can employ napthaline in the
state in which it is found in commerce, viz'., mixed or dissolved in the heavy.
oil obtained from the distillation of coal tar; in this state I can employ it hot
or cold, by pouring or applying it by means of a brush on the surface of tho
parts of machinery to be lubricated. When I employ it mixed or combined
with fatty substances generally employed for greasing machinery, if such
substances are solid, I melt them, and add to them equal parts of beavy oil
obtained from the distillation of coal tar. I then agitate the mixture until it
becomes cool; in this state the mixture is suitable for lubricating machinery.
If, instead of a solid fatty substance, I employ a liquid fatty substance, I mix
it in equal proportions with the heavy oil, then agitate them to facilitate their
mixture or combination. If I employ napthaline deprived of the heavy oil in
which it is dissolved, 1 place the heavy oil in a inetallic vessel exposed to a

page_text: temperature below zero, when the napthaline solidifies and separates from tho
oil. In this state I place the mixture on a stout cloth, and submit it to
pressure, when the oil runs off, and I obtain a cake of solid napthaline. In
this state the solid napthaline may be used in the same way as the heavy oil,
except that the proportions must be lessened. Thus, when it is desired to
dissolve it in a fatty substance to lubricate machinery, instead of employing
equal parts of napthaline and fatty substance of any kind, I only employ thirty
parts of napthaline to seventy parts of fatty substance, either tallow or oil; in
this case it is necessary to operate by heat. After weighing out the above-
stated proportions they are melted in an iron vessel of a capacity varying with
the quantity of mixture to be operated upon, and heated by a sand bath or by
steam. When I employ napthaline for the preparation of resinous fats, I
take equal parts of heavy oil and resin oil, or if I use solid napthaline I take
thirty parts of solid naptbaline and seventy parts of resin oil; I place these
two substances in an iron boiler of a capacity proportionate to the quantity to be
When the
operated on, which boiler is heated by a sand bath or by steam.
napthaline is dissolved I pour the solution into a vat ready to be employed for
the manufacture of resin fat, and in this case I employ it in the same way as
resin oil alone, and proceed in this manufacture in the usual way.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BONNETS, HATS, OR COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Mossman at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd May
1862.
I, WILLIAM MOSSMAN, of No. 1, Cleveland Terrace, Gloucester Road, in
the Parish of Saint Mary, Islington, in the County of Middlesex, Manufac-
turing Stationer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BONNETS, HATS, OR COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the application of enamel cloth to the manufac-
ture of bonnets, hats, or coverings; such cloth may be of any woven fabric
spread over with any pigment, such as is used in the manufacture of
enameled or satin-surfaced cloths, paper, cardboard, or pasteboard, and of any
colour. The application of this enameled cloth or satin-surfaced cloths to
the manufacture of bonnets may be either in pieces, shapes, or lengths, to
5 imitate straw, chip, crinoline, Leghorn, willow, and the like.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DISINTEGRATING OR PULVERIZING ARTIFICIAL MANURES, CHEMICAL SALTS, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Platt and William Richardson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 24th December 1862.
We, JOHN PLATT, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanical
Engineer, and WILLIAM RICHARDSON, of the same Place, Mechanical Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DISINTEGRATING OR PULVERIZING ARTIFICIAL
MANURES, CHEMICAL SALTS, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to the extended use of apparatus for which Provisional
Protection has been granted to us, bearing date 4th September 1862,
No. 2450. According to the Provisional Specification thereof we proposed
in reference to the preparation of clay for bricks, to employ a revolving disc
furnished with projecting bars against which the material should be thrown
by centrifugal force. To this disc we also proposed to adapt a cover which
should revolve. Since the filing of the said Provisional Specification we
have discovered that the above described apparatus is applicable to the
disintegration or pulverization of artificial manures and other substances
besides clay for brick-making, and which substances it is desired more or
less to divide, and to such substances other than clay our present Invention
therefore refers.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESSES FOR PRESSING COTTON OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Macvicar Rigby at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th December
1862.
I, JOHN MACVICAR RIGBY, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESSES FOR PRESSING COTTON OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of an improved construction of portable hand press
adapted for pressing small bales of cotton or material preparatory to the final
pressing by hydraulic apparatus. The outer box or framework with the press
head and pressing plate are made of suitable materials in any desired manner.
At the top of the framework at each end I employ a shaft, having fixed to it
a ratchet wheel and two sets or series of teeth, which enter the links of strong
chains, or gear into racks connected at one end to bars in contact with the
under surface of the pressing plate. Each of the aforesaid shafts is made the
fulcrum of a long lever carrying a ratchet for acting on the ratchet wheel, so
that when the levers are moved up and down the ratchet wheels are turned,
and with them the shafts and teeth, by which means the chains or racks and
pressing plate are gradually pulled up and press the material.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR, WEAVING NARROW FABRICS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Josiah Gimson and Robert Flude
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 24th October 1862. .
We, JOSIAH GIMSON, Engineer and Machinist, and ROBERT FLUDE, Loom
Maker, both of Leicester, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR, WEAVING NARROW FABRICS," to be as
follows:-
Our Invention of improvements in looms for weaving narrow fabrics relates
to those kinds of looms in which the shuttles are thrown either by toothed
pinions working in racks or by what are known as peg motions.
Our first improvement relates to a novel mode of actuating the drivers,
whereby the shuttles are passed through the sheds, and consists in actuating
these drivers by means of levers which are vibrated by causing their inner
ends to work in a cam groove formed in a barrel, drum, or cylinder mounted
on any convenient rotating shaft belonging to the loom. By this means a
smoother and less noisy motion is imparted to the drivers than that produced
by the use of treadle levers with chains, cords, or bands, as is now generally
the case.
Our next improvement relates to the peg motion, and, instead of fixing the
pegs immoveably in the drivers, they are made moveable therein in a vertical
direction, so that they may be moved up and down for the purpose of being
inserted into or withdrawn from the holes in the shuttles; to this end the

page_text: pegs are fixed in blocks, which work in grooves or guides made in or attached
to the drivers. At the back of these peg blocks are fixed studs, which work
in longitudinal grooves cut in the plank, so that as the drivers are moved to
and fro in the breast plank the peg blocks will be made to rise and fall
according to the form of the groove made in the plank. By this arrangement
and construction of parts only one driver will be required for the to-and-fro
motion of each set of shuttles; and by actuating the drivers by means of a cam
groove in a barrel, drum, or cylinder, the jar which now takes place at every
change of motion in the drivers is avoided.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OP CORD AND TWINE FROM MILL SPUN YARNS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Stephen Smith and Thomas Smith
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
28th January 1862.
We, STEPHEN SMITH and THOMAS SMITH, both of the Town and County of
the Town of Nottingham, Cord and Twine Manufacturers, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OP
CORD AND TWINE FROM MILL SPUN YARNS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in the making up or manufacturing of cord and
twine from mill spun yarns. These yarns we "top up" as it is called, by the
fore and after turn in the single threads, by which means we produce a more
uniform and superior article, and at less cost.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR SECURING THE ENDS OF STEEL OR OTHER MATERIALS USED FOR CRINOLINES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Ebenezer Quant, George.
Henry Fisk, and William Dawes at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 18th February 1862.
We, HENRY EBENEZER QUANT and GEORGE HENRY FISK, of No. 1, High
Street, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Merchants, and WILLIAM
DAWES, of Bolton, in the said County, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND
APPARATUS FOR SECURING THE ENDS OF STEEL OR OTHER MATERIALS USED FOR
CRINOLINES," to be as follows:-
We use a skeleton metal receiver, into which the ends of the steel or
other material are inserted, and they are held or retained in this receiver,
by being pressed against a "chequered" or roughened surface or surfaces,
formed in the receiver similar to the surface of an ordinary culinary "grater,"
the necessary pressure being obtained in some cases by means of a curved flat
spring of a similar length and breadth to the inside of the receiver, and
which is inserted (upon the steel) through or under "collars" or "clips"
left or formed upon the ends of the receiver. In some cases we obtain the
necessary pressure or "grip," by forming the receiver of two "chequered" or
roughened pieces of metal united at the centre, and having two or more sliding
rings or bands "over all;" these rings or bands are placed towards the centre.
to insert the steel or other material and are afterwards slided towards the
ends of the receiver to give the necessary security.

page_text: We also use in some cases a skeleton receiver baving four or more openings,
through which the ends of the steel or other bands are "threaded" or passed to
alternate sides. The "chequered" or roughened surfaces being also on alternate
sides of the receiver, the necessary spring or pressure in this case being ob-
tained by the natural spring of the steel or other bands against the alternato
sides of the receiver.
In some cases, (and more especially when the steel or other metal bands
or hoops are used uncovered or without the woven "fabric" with which they
are generally covered) we use a similar receiver, and we secure the ends of
the steel or other metal bands by folding or bending the ends, or by perfora-
tions, indentations, or points in the steel or other metal bands or hoops, or by
"notching" the same on the contrary or opposite sides and at any convenient
distance from the ends, so that they will fit into each other, and both slide
tightly into the receiver, these perforations, indentations, points, or notches,
being formed in the bands or hoops by an instrument similar to a pair of
railway guard's "nippers," a "piercing" or "stamping" press, or by any other
suitable or convenient method.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE HOES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Isaac Spight at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th June
1862.
I, ISAAC SPIGHT, of Glandford Briggs, in the County of Lincoln, Ironfounder
and Agricultural Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE HOES," to be as follows,, that is to
say:
My Invention relates to improvements upon a Patent granted. to me on the
22nd day of September, 1859, and being No. 786, for improvements in horse
hoes, and relates particularly to a method of regulating the depth at which
the hoes work when used on uneven ground, such as hill sides or on ridge
land. In my former Patent the hoes were attached to levers connected with a
revolving shaft working in a slide frame having bearings at each end, and
which shaft could be raised or lowered as required for different kinds of corn
or roots.
My present improvement consists in suspending the shaft or bar to which
the hoes are attached upon a bearing at its centre instead of at each end, so
that when one end is raised by turning a handle or otherwise as described in
my former Specification, the other end is lowered in a corresponding degree,
and thus when working over ridged or curved surfaces or along what are called
"lands," the depth or bite of the hoes may be regulated by the attendant with
the greatest nicety.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR GLOVES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Cornelius Boolds at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st March
1862.
I, CORNELIUS BOOLDS, of South Terrace, Kennington Park, in the County
of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR GLOVES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the application to gloves for the purpose of
fastening the same on the hand, and in lieu of the ordinary button or metallic
fastening, of one or more elastic gussets which may be let into the wrist
of the glove either in the middle part, the back, or at the side or sides
thereof.
In long gloves the elastic gusset or gussets are to be sown in at the part
which covers the arm, and the gussets may if desirable be extended in such
cases to the wrist, in order to ensure a comfortable and well fitting glove.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Boocock and Thomas Daven-
port at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 26th February 1862.
We, JOHN BOOCOCK and THOMAS DAVENPORT, both of Bury, in the County
of Lancaster, Mechanics, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, AND DOUBLING
COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
The first part of our Invention, which is applicable to slubbing frames,
intermediate frames, and roving frames, or any other machines of the like
nature for preparing cotton or other fibrous materials to be spun, consists in
causing the bobbins and rollers to revolve in a frame, which frame also
revolves on its own axis for the purpose of putting any requisite amount of
twist into the fibrous material at the same time that it is being wound on the
bobbins. In performing this part of our Invention we mount both rollers and
bobbins in frames or suitable bearings, and cause the rollers to revolve by
means of bevel wheels, friction rollers, or in any other convenient manner,
such motion being communicated from the spindles on which the above-
mentioned frames are mounted.
In
The second part of our Invention consists in an improved method of giving
motion to the lifting rails (or equivalent parts) of machines for preparing,
spinning, and doubling, and also in an improved tapering-off motion.
performing this part of our Invention we cause the heart tappet of such
machines to actuate a lever, one end of which is fixed to the machine in any

page_text: convenient place. To this lever is fixed a ratchet wheel and tappet, which
actuate a stud moving in a radial slot in the said lever. A catch, which is
fixed to the frame, causes the ratchet wheel to move one or more teeth every
time the lever descends; by this means the traverse of the guido is shortened,
and the tapering off at the ends of the bobbins effected. When the bobbin is
full, the stud has reached the end of the radial slot, and actuates the knocking-
off motion for stopping the machine.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DEODORIZING PETROLEUM, SHALE, AND OTHER LIKE OILS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Milne Syers and Edward.
Davies Syers at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 9th December 1862.
We, JOHN MILNE SYERS and EDWARD DAVIES SYERS, both of Liverpool, in
the County of Lancaster, Oil Merchants, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DEODORIZING PETROLEUM, SHALE, AND
OTHER LIKE OILS," to be as follows:-
To a quantity of petroleum, shale, or other like oils we add sulphuric acid,
and agitate the mixture for some time. We then add oxide of manganese
and again continue the agitation. After the mixture has been allowed to
"work" for some time, and when it has "settled," we draw off the pure oil,
and wash it with lime water in the ordinary way, or wash it by any of the
processes at present in use.
The residuum in the bottom of the vessel may be used as found most
convenient.
AN IMPROVED LIFT AND FORCE PUMP
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th
November 1862. A communication from abroad by Joseph Schlessinger
and Michel Antoine Westermann, both of Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of the Firm of John Gedge and Son, of No. 11,
Wellington Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED LIFT AND
FORCE PUMP," (a communication to me from abroad by Joseph Schlessinger and
Michel Antoine Westermann, both of Paris, in the Empire of France,) to be
as follows:-
The pump forming the subject of this Invention presents the following
advantages-One, two, three, ten, twenty, or as many pipes or tubes as
desired may be adapted to it; each tube is isolated and works separately; it
sucks and forces without a reservoir, without valve, and without piston, and
works constantly and with the greatest rapidity when provided with water;
the air is sucked in by means of rollers or cylinders, which press the tubes,
and the vacuum fills with the liquid in which one extremity of the tube plunges.
This pump is composed of the cylinder or pump barrel, the interior of which
is furnished with several pipes or tubes of caoutchouc, leather, or other suit-
able material; these tubes follow the cylindrical form of the barrel, but do not
go completely round, and they come to the exterior, one end in the liquid and
the other forming the jet of the pump. Through the centre of the cylinder
passes a shaft, supporting in the interior of the cylinder a couple of plates
which sustain these small rollers or cylinders with their pivot in the thickness

page_text: of these plates. On giving motion to the shaft, by means of a crank, the three
rollers placed at equal distances apart execute the same movement, likewise
turning on their pivot; and it is in accomplishing this movement that they
press against the tubes fitted in the pump barrel, and cause the apparatus to
work.
Another very simple method is as follows:-The suction and force pipes or
tubes are placed all around the cylinder, their ends issuing to the exterior at
the same place, some entering the liquid and the others conducting the jet; a
single roller is retained and is fixed to the shaft by two branches, which may
be lengthened or shortened by press screws, so as to press the roller against
the tubes as much as desirable. Nothing is more simple than to work this
pump, the suction tube (or tubes) dipping in the liquid; the crank is turned and
the roller presses the tube against the pump barrel, driving the liquid before
it. This description of pump is applicable to every use, and its jet may be sent
in any direction.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOB SPINNING WOOL, MOHAIR, ALPACCA, AND OTHER FIBRES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Sugden, Jonas Briggs, and
John Lockwood at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 15th November 1862.
We, GEORGE SUGDEN and JONAS BRIGGS, of Bradford, in the County of
York, Spinners and Manufacturers, and JOHN LOCKWOOD, of the same Place,
Designer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOB SPINNING WOOL, MOHAIR, ALPACCA, AND OTHER
FIBRES," to be as follows:-
The object of the improvements is to give facility for the spinning together
of fibres of different lengths of staple. For this purpose we employ additional
back rollers, one pair or set of back rollers being placed at a distance from
the front rollers adapted to the longer length of staple, and another pair or
set of back rollers at a distance from the front rollers adapted to a shorter
length of staple. The roving of the longer length of staple passes between
the back rollers farthest from the front rollers, and the roving of the shorter
length of staple between the back rollers nearer the front rollers, and the two
rovings then pass together to the front rollers to be spun together. We find
it convenient to drive the back rollers conducting the roving of shorter staple
in the opposite direction to those for the longer staple, and to pass the roving
thereto first over, and then between them..

page_text: In like manner may more than two rovings, each of a different length of
staple from the others, be combined into one spinning by using an extra pair
or set of back rollers for each roving, set at distances from the front rollers
relative to the length of staple of the respective rovings.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DOUBLING, FOLDING, OR PLAITING CLOTH OR OTHER WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Matthew Chadwick at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th
September 1862.
I, MATTHEW CHADWICK, of Chapel Field, near Manchester, in tho
County of Lancaster, Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DOUBLING, FOLDING, OR
PLAITING CLOTH OR OTHER WOVEN FABRICS," to be as follows:-
Firstly, my Invention consists in the application of moveable cross rails or
wedges instead of cards in the old plaiting machine. The rails or wedge in the
action of the knife and cloth raises, and at each return of the knife the rail
falls and presses against the cloth in the form of a wedge, and so secures the
material.
Secondly, I give the oscillating motion to the knife by means of an eccentric
placed on the crank; this eccentric is fixed to a rod connected to a lever
which is placed on the knife shaft; in the action of the crank the eccentric
will give a to-&-fro motion to the rod and lever, and thus give the required
oscillating motion to the knife.
A NEW BALL FOR FIRE-ARMS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Adolphus Jansen, at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th
February 1862.
I, ADOLPHUS JANSEN, of Brussels, in the Kingdom of Belgium, Arquebusier,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW BALL FOR
FIRE-ARMS," to be as follows:-
The new or improved ball for fire-arms, which forms the subject of my
Invention, is an improved projectile, particularly applicable for rifles, and
although it is not hollow at the rear, like ordinary rifle bullets, it is capable-
of being expanded and made to fit the bore of the fire-arm when acted upon
from behind by the explosive force of the powder. The ball is made of lead.
and is of a cylindro-conical form. The point or conical part of the projectile
is solid, but at the cylindrical part two or more deep grooves are cut round
the projectile, leaving corresponding projecting flanges. The point or front end.
of the projectile will consequently be the heaviest, and upon the explosive force
of the gunpowder acting against the flat rear end, the cylindrical part will be
crushed or crowded up against the forward end, and in so doing be made to.
expand and fill the bore and grooves of the rifle..
IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Reginald Courtenay at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th August
1862.
I, REGINALD COURTENAY, Bishop of Kingston, Jamaica, of Craigton,
Kingston, Jamaica, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in obtaining motive power,
and consists in the producing of motion by changing (increasing or dimi-
nishing) the specific gravity of an elastic fluid, the change being effected by
revolving weights.
As the best arrangement, I propose that an even number of weights, equal
to one another, should be attached at equal distances from each other to the
circumference of a vertical wheel, not immediately, but by being placed at
the ends of levers, of which the other extremities are jointed to the circum-
ference so as to play freely, as on hinges. The play on the hinges, however,
is restricted by means of springs which keep the levers more or less nearly in
the direction of radii from the centre of the wheel. If. put in motion by any
external force, the wheel would revolve more or less uniformly, but with no
more tendency to stop than if the weight had been immoveably attached to
the circumference, and the springs will be alternately expanded and con-
tracted. As the springs, which are alternately expanded and contracted by
the motion of the wheels, I employ vessels containing air or other elastie

page_text: fluid; the specific gravity of the elastic fluid (say atmospheric air) will thus be
alternately increased and diminished by the action of the weights or by the
removal of that action and its operation in an opposite direction. The con-
densation will be all on one side of the wheel, which therefore will exceed the
other side in specific gravity; and as the apparatus when in use is immersed
in a fluid (it may be air) this, the heavy side, will descend, whilst the light
side will rise, thus creating the motive power I propose to produce.
A NEW METHOD OF MAKING ANY KIND OF STUFFS, TEXTURES, OR FABRICS WATERPROOF
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hermann Kohn at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd May
1862.
I, HERMANN KOHN, of 29, Unter den Linden, in the City of Berlin, in the
Kingdom of Prussia, Merchant Tailor, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "A NEW METHOD OF MAKING ANY KIND OF STUFFS, TEXTURES,
OR FABRICS WATERPROOF," to be as follows:-
'
1. Take one-sixteenth of an ounce of bone flour;
2. The white of an egg;
3. One-sixteenth of an ounce of salt alkali.
The whole of the above ingredients must be dissolved in a quart of pure
water.
Any stuffs, textures, or fabrics intended to be made waterproof have to be
thoroughly soaked for the space of two hours, after which it is put into a
suitable frame, and dried in the open air, when it will be found to be quite
waterproof.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PARTS OF BOILERS. AND. FURNACES FOR LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER ENGINES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Edward McConnell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th.
February 1862.
I, JAMES EDWARD MCCONNELL, of Wolverton, in the County of Buckingham,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN PARTS OF BOILERS. AND. FURNACES FOR LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER ENGINES," to
be as follows:-
This Invention relates, firstly, to an improved form of fire-bar applicable.
either to locomotive, marine, or stationary engine boilers, whereby they are
rendered more durable than the fire-bars of the ordinary construction, and
consists in making the upper surfaces of such bars of a convex form in lieu of
straight, so as to leave an increased bulk of metal towards the middle of the
bar where the fire acts more fiercely upon it, thus strengthening the bar at
the most advantageous part, and still enabling it to be made generally lighter
than the ordinary ones. Bars of this peculiar form may be either cast singly
or in sets of two or more, or they may be produced by rolling in suitably
grooved rolls. I also propose to dispose these or any other form of fire-bars
transversely in place of longitudinally in the furnace or fire-box, whereby
shorter and lighter bars may be used.
The second part of my Invention relates to a peculiar manufacture of the
tubes employed in steam generators of all kinds,, whereby they are rendered.

page_text: more durable, and are better protected against the action of the fire. For
this purpose, I propose to line the tubes with zinc, spelter, or other hard metal
applied either in the form of an inner tube, or otherwise coated over the
interior of the tube's surface during the process of their manufacture, or
afterwards.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING MACHINES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Adams Knight at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th February
1862. A communication from Riley Porter Wilson, of New York,
United States of America.
I, JOHN ADAMS KNIGHT, of No. 4, Symond's Inn, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
The nature of my Invention consists in the employment for washing pur-
poses of a light barrel or other suitable vessel, on one end of which is attached,.
inside, a circular "rubber board," or corrugated surface, and on the opposite-
end, inside, is secured a series of pins or other projections; but both ends of the
machine may be supplied with the corrugated surface or with the pins, without
very materially affecting the usefulness of the Invention. The machine is sup-
ported by means of two trunnions fixed on the opposite sides thereof, the
trunnions resting on a frame or stand.. By the longitudinal revolution of the
machine the articles to be washed are precipitated from end to end, bringing:
them alternately in contact with the "rubber board" and pins, in a manner to
secure perfectly and expeditiously the desired. object without injury to the
finest fabrics.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TABLE AND OTHER KNIVES AND FORKS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Sanderson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
December 1862.
I, HENRY SANDERSON, of the Firm of William Sanderson and Sons, of
Sheffield, in the County of York, Table Knife Makers, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF TABLE AND OTHER KNIVES AND FORKS," to be as follows:-
This Invention applies to the method of securing or fixing the "bolster" to
the "tang" and blade. Hitherto the bolster has been usually made of one
piece with the tang and blade by raising it by the hammer when hot, but
according to the present Invention it is a separate piece, and is joined to the
blade by contraction after heating. The tang and bolster are made of the
same metal, and the blade is fixed thereto in the following manner :-A hole
being formed in the bolster of a suitable form and size for the insertion of the
end of the blade the bolster is to be expanded by being heated, and the end
of the blade being placed in the hole of the bolster, the latter is allowed to
cool, and consequently contract or shrink on to the blade, thereby making a
firm joint which cannot be loosened by any ordinary means.
The blades and forks are made of any kind of steel, or otherwise in the
usual manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DISCHARGING COALS, MINERALS, OR OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1862

page_text: at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th June
1862.
I, FRANCIS COLTMAN, of Normanton, in the County of York, Carpenter, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR DISCHARGING COALS, MINERALS, OR OTHER SUBSTANCES," to be as
follows:-
My Invention has for its object the diminution of breakage in the discharge
of coals, minerals, and other substances by causing them to be discharged in
a direction towards the pit, instead of from it as usual, that is to say, towards
the higher part of the shoot or inclined plane on to which they are usually
discharged instead of towards the lower part thereof. For this purpose the
waggon is enclosed by the sides and lid of the tippler, the lid being made to
turn on centres fixed at the end of the tippler farthest away from the pit or
towards the lower part of the shoot or inclined plane, and having a loose flap in
front which prevents the coals or other subtances from falling out of the waggon
before the required time. The waggon being run into the tippler is secured
therein by means of a key turned by a handle, and there is the usual brake.
The supports of the waggon are withdrawn by turning a handle, on which the
tippler is caused to descend until a pin in the flap of the lid passed through a
slot in the side frame of the tippler is brought in contact with a projection

page_text: fixed on the shoot or inclined plane, by which the lid is caused to open, and
allow the coals or other substances to fall out of the waggon on to the shoot
or inclined plane in a direction towards the upper part thereof. The tippler
is restored to its original position by means of a counterbalance weight. The
shoot or inclined plane may or may not be provided with a screen.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SKATES AND IN THE METHOD OF SECURING OR FASTENING THE SAME
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Whicker and Louis Blaise
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
4th October 1862.
We, GEORGE WHICKER and LOUIS BLAISE, both of Saint James's Street, in
the City of Westminster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SKATES AND IN THE METHOD OF SECURING OR FASTENING
THE SAME," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to secure or fasten skates to the feet in a
more speedy manner than heretofore, and to detach them as speedily by the
same means. I propose to apply and affix to the skate blade at each end
thereof a flat metal mount, the front one lying flat against the sole of the
boot, and being provided with a slot, which is to be pushed under a stud or
tongue let into the front portion of the boot sole, and which is hinged
thereto somewhat similar to the ordinary "box" for spurs, so as to close
or shut flush with the sole when not in use; the hinder mount is provided
with a slot which works on a plate fastened on the boot heel, and which plate
projects from the heel towards the waist, so as to enter the groove in the
mount. The whole is to be held in position by means of a pin attached to a
spring lever, which pin passes through the slotted mount into the plate; thus
when it is desired to disengage the skate from the boot, the lever has merely
to be lifted by the thumb or finger, which draws the pin out of the plate, and
allows the slotted mount to be slid off, when the front mount can be also slid
back and drawn from under the stud or tongue; the tongue can now be
closed or shut, and the boot will have the ordinary appearance.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Greenwood at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th February
1862.
I, JOHN GREENWOOD, of Portland Mills, Bradford, in the County of York,
Worsted Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND COMBING WOOL
AND OTHER FIBRES," to be as follows:-
The improvements relate particularly to machinery of the character of that
for which Letters Patents were granted to Henry Rawson, dated the 20th day
of April 1859, No. 996, and the 28th day of April 1860, No. 1083. In such
machinery it is now usual to apply a feeding comb just over the delivery or
.clearing points of the series of heckle points or teeth, through which the fibre
is conducted in its passage to the receiving or carrying comb. I find it
desirable to place this feeding comb so that its position of rest may be some-
what backwards of that now adopted, to admit of a dabbing brush or series of
brushes, or series of plates or grates acting upon the fibre in the delivery or
clearing combs; and I carry these brushes, or it may be a series of grates
upon levers, so that they may have motion given to them extra of that given
to the ordinary grates or brushes, acting with the heckle points or combs
behind the delivery or clearing points in such machines. These levers are
controlled to work so that the brush they carry will not come in contact with
the dividing bar in its upward motion. I also apply a narrow fine comb to the

page_text: part of the dabbing brush working into the receiving comb, and also one
to work into the delivery or clearing comb. I also apply the teeth in the
carrying comb at an angle, the points inclining forwards, and in place of this
comb being controlled to move simply in a horizontal direction, I place the
bearings of the rods by which it is supported in an inclined direction, so that
its motion may be at an angle to the heckle points. I also apply between or
about the heads of the front and back or other rows of comb teeth in the
receiving or carrying combs india-rubber or other suitable flexible material
to receive the edge of the plate carried by the dabber, or nipping, or other
detaining apparatus operating in such machines upon the fibre, as fed into
such carrying or receiving combs.
The application of such india-rubber or other suitable flexible. material
is also useful when no plate is employed in connection with such dabbing or
detaining brush. The fibre may be eased by being partly raised in the teeth
of the receiving comb before the drawing off by means of teeth carried and
operated by a lever worked by a cam or tappet.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BOWS AND PENDANTS OF WATCHES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Andrew Clark at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th October
1862.
I, ANDREW CLARK, of Brighton, in the County of Sussex, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
BOWS AND PENDANTS OF WATCHES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of certain improvements in the construction of the
bows and pendants of watches, the object being to prevent the same from
being detached from the watch by twisting them, and to prevent the felonious
abstraction of the watch from the wearer by such means.
I propose to form the ball of the pendant of the watch in three divisions, the
lower division of which is a fixture on the pendant, the central division being
a swivel, and the upper division cut with a screw thread, or fixed on to the
pendant by hammering or enlarging the head of the latter. The bow of the
watch is to be attached to the swivel or central division of the ball by its
insertion therein, and by a pin, or a nut, or other fastening adjusted thereto.
The pendant is of course to be made hollow to admit of the push pin moving
therein, in order to actuate the spring which opens the watch, but the bow of
the watch must not penetrate beyond the swivel, so as to leave the tube of the
pendant free from the contact of the bow.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN TREATING CERTAIN FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Farrar at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd December
1862.
I, CHARLES FARRAR, of John Street, Horselydown, in the County of
Surrey, Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN TREATING
CERTAIN FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows (that is to say) :-
My Invention has reference to improvements in machinery or apparatus to
be employed in the boiling and cleansing of rags or other fibrous materials
applicable to paper-making or other manufacturing purposes, whereby the
said process of boiling and cleansing is more effectually and expeditiously
performed than at present, and consists in employing in connection with a
rectangular vessel or boiler charged with water or otherwise, to which heat
is applied, an openwork cylindrical drum or cage mounted horizontally, so as
to contain the goods under operation, and to travel or revolve slowly within
the same; the openwork cylinder or drum being mounted upon short dis-
connecting trunnion bearings, through the medium of glands or stuffing boxes
fixed upon the ends of the said boiler, in lieu of a continuous or solid shaft,
for the convenience of lifting the same in or out of the boiler and discharging
the contents thereof; employing also with the above apparatus for the
washing and cleansing process an openwork cylinder or cage, in like manner
mounted, and caused to revolve upon hollow trunnion bearings, through

page_text: which water or steam is admitted to the goods contained therein under
operation, and in enclosing the same within an outer case or tank provided
with outlet ways or passages.
AN IMPROVED BOWLING APPARATUS FOR CRICKET BALLS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Lillywhite and Thomas Nixon
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 10th April 1862.
We, JOHN LILLYWHITE, of Seymour Street, Euston Square, in the County
of Middlesex, Cricketing Outfitter, and THOMAS NIXON, of Chelford,
in the County of Chester, Cricketer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED BOWLING APPARATUS FOR CRICKET BALLS,"
to be as follows:-
On a foundation plate of iron, which is to be pegged or fastened to the ground
behind the wicket, a standard is secured, on the top of which a horizontal bar
is so arranged by means of a pivot (to which it is hinged) working in a socket
in the standard as to allow of being turned horizontally thereon. One end of
this bar is furnished with a cross piece, each end being bent upwards to form
vertical arms, to which are attached the ends of a powerful vulcanized india-
rubber strap or band; the other end of the bar is also bent up, and the centre
of the band is pulled back thereto by means of a leather loop, and held by a
catch, and the ball having previously being placed in the centre of the band
while being drawn back will be firmly retained by the compression of the
rubber. A trigger is arranged to work on a pin let into the bar, and is acted
upon by coming into contact with a projection on the top of the standard.
The apparatus is to be so placed that when charged by the ball the bar shall
be at right angles to the line of the wickets; when the batsman is ready the
bar is turned on its axis, and on arriving in a line with the wicket the pro-

page_text: jection acts upon the trigger and catch and releases the india-rubber band,
projecting the ball accordingly. Regulating screws, situated near the pivot,
elevate or depress the bar and the direction of the ball, and also regulate the
discharge thereof by contact with the projection and trigger.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ALBERT CHAINS, AND IN THE MODE OF SECURING THE SAME TO THE VEST OF THE WEARER
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Charles Edge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st
September 1862.
I, WILLIAM CHARLES EDGE, of Clerkenwell, in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF ALBERT CHAINS, AND IN THE MODE OF SECURING THE SAME
TO THE VEST OF THE WEARER," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in constructing Albert chains as follows:-I make
a ring at or near the middle of the chain, which is so arranged that the ends
of the chains can easily be released, being constructed with a small hinged
portion, which is kept in its place by a spring; to make a break in the ring, so
as to insert the ends of the chain, this hinged portion is pressed inwards
with the finger. The ring also supports the charms, locket, and other orna-
ments. To fix it to the vest, the chain is passed through the button hole, and
the end put on the break ring. An ordinary hook or fastening may also be
used, but it is not necessary for the safety of the chain.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joshua Nettleton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th December
1862.
I, JOSHUA NETTLETON, of No. 4, Sloane Square, Chelsea, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN STOVES," to be as follows:―.
This Invention has for its object improvements in stoves. For these purposes
it is preferred that the external form of a stove should be cylindrical, though this
is not essential. The interior of the stove, which is of iron, is lined with a
hollow cylinder of fire-clay. Longitudinal air passages are formed up through
the sides of such lining, or these air passages may be produced by having two
linings of fire-clay with sufficient hollow spaces or passages between them to
allow of fresh air passing up through such passages from the bottom to the
top of the stove, without coming in contact with heated metal. In this part
of the stove is an opening to receive fire-bars. The lower part of the stove
below the bottom grating of the fire-place is enclosed, by which means a
chamber is formed around and below the ash-pit. The chamber at the bottom
of the stove is arranged to communicate with the outer atmosphere by a suitable
pipe or flue, by which pure air is introduced into the bottom chamber which
communicates with the air passages in the fire-clay lining, by which the air
thus introduced derives heat from the heated passages in the fire-clay linings.
The heated air rises into an upper chamber of the stove above the fire-clay
lining, and passes through numerous openings into the room, a sliding drawer is

page_text: introduced into the ash-pit, below the bottom grating of the fire-place. The
upper end of the lining of fire-clay is covered with a fire tile, and from it
descends a fire-clay or metal partition which descends below the opening near
the upper part of the stove where the products of combustion are conducted
off by a suitable flue to the chimney. The air for supporting combustion is
supplied from the room in which the stove is placed, and such air is allowed
to pass into the fire through the front fire-bars, also over the fire, and also by
passing through suitable air passages in front of the stove into the ash-pit, and
up through the bottom grating of the fire-place. A valve or damper is applied
to close or partially close the opening into the flue at the upper part of the
stove.