Improvements in Jacquard Apparatus.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Feb., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 4th Apr., 1891-Accepted, 9th May, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Jacquard Apparatus.
I, HENRY BROOKS BROADHURST, of Tenacres Mill, Newton Heath, near
Manchester, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The improvements relate to jacquard apparatus, and are applicable to jacquards
for weaving, or to jacquards in other textile manufacture. The object of the
improvements is to economise the number of cards employed in any pattern
where the figures thereof are spaced considerably apart, and necessitate a large
amount of plain or ground weaving or other form of manufacture between such
figures of the pattern; such plain or ground weaving or manufacture being
accomplished by the repetition of short series of cards for a long distance and
to a large number.
To save this objectionable repetition of the short series of cards for the pro-
duction of plain or other ground weaving or manufacture between the isolated
figures forming the pattern of the fabric; and thus to considerably reduce the
number of cards employed and to effect any improvements, I provide in the first
instance a double instead of a single driver' or 'clawker' for the jacquard
cylinder, in such a manner that when one driver' or 'clawker' is in gear the
cylinder is turned in the forward direction; whereas, when the other is in gear
the cylinder is turned in the backward direction; the intention being to utilize
a comparatively few cards for the production of any length of plain or ground
weaving or manufacture, by causing such few cards to travel first in one direction,
and then in the other, until such time as it is required to introduce the next
figure into the pattern, when the cylinder is allowed to travel forward in the
ordinary manner to the end of such pattern.
I employ a few extra needles or wires in the jacquard for primarily controlling
the putting in gear of the forward or backward 'driver' or 'clawker' as required,
such needles being actuated in the first instance by the punching of the cards.
In addition to the ordinary mechanism of a jacquard, I employ a train of
toothed or otherwise geared wheels, which I designate a "measuring" apparatus.
This train of wheels is provided with one or more change wheels, which will give
greater or less number of picks to the round of the measuring wheel, as required by
different lengths of pattern. The train of wheels has motion communicated to it by
means of a ratchet and pawl, which is actuated by the cylinder lever or other
moving parts of the jacquard. The to and fro motion of the cards having once
been communicated by means of the cards acting upon the wires or needles of the
jacquard, is arrested by means of this measuring apparatus at the distance or length
required. This is accomplished by a catch or stop upon the measuring wheel,
which, on arrival at the point where the. figure is again required, comes in contact
with a small lever which is in communication with the acting needle or wire of the
jacquard, and by which means it is pressed off the grife,' independently of the
action of the cards; the result being that the forward motion of the cards is then
allowed to take place. On arrival at the end of the figure, the process is
repeated.
To enable the measuring apparatus to be turned back when the operative desires
to unweave, in the case of a loom, a second ratchet and pawl motion operating in
the contrary direction, is provided, in such manner that by pulling a cord or handle,
one pawl is lifted out of gear and the other allowed to take into gear reversely, for
the purpose of turning back the requisite number of picks; at the same time, the

page_text: drivers' or 'clawkers' for turning the cylinder are both kept out of gear by the
same action, so that the short series of ground cards are not disturbed.
If it is required to unweave a portion of the figure, it is only necessary for
the operator to keep the backward 'driver' or 'clawker in gear, when he may
turn the cards back the number of picks he has had to unweave. A modification of
this, however, may be effected by arranging the measuring apparatus to measure
the whole length of the pattern that is to say, the ground or plain portion plus the
figure portion in which case, when unweaving at the figure or the ground or plain
portion of the pattern, the measuring apparatus is turned back always the number
of picks unwoven.
In the event of the measuring motion being all required for the ground weaving,
exclusive of the figure, it is arranged that after having made the necessary changes
to introduce the figure, the measuring motion is caused to stand still until the ground
weaving again commences.
Dated this 18th day of February 1891
WILLIAM GADD, C.E.,
64, Barton Arcade, Manchester, Agent for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Jacquard Apparatus.
1, HENRY BROOKS BROADHURST, of Tenacres Mill, Newton Heath, near
Manchester, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
The improvements relate to jacquard apparatus, and are applicable to jacquards
for weaving, or to jacquards in other textile manufacture.
The object of the improvements is to economise the number of cards employed in
any pattern where the figures thereof are spaced considerably apart, and necessitate
a large amount of plain or ground weaving or other form of manufacture between
such figures of the pattern; such plain or ground weaving or manufacture being
accomplished by the repetition of short series of cards for a long distance and to a
large number.
To save this objectionable repetition of the short series of cards for the production
of plain or other ground weaving or manufacture between the isolated figures forming
the pattern of the fabric, and thus to considerably reduce the number of cards
employed, and to effect my improvements, I provide, in the first instance, a double
instead of a single "driver" or "clawker "for the jacquard cylinder, in such manner
that when one "driver" or "clawker" is in gear, the cylinder is turned in the
forward direction; whereas, when the other is in gear the cylinder is turned in the
backward direction; the intention being to utilise a comparatively few cards for
the production of any length of plain or ground weaving or manufacture, by causing
such few cards to travel first in one direction, and then in the other, until such time
as it is required to introduce the next figure into the pattern, when the cylinder
is allowed to travel forward in the ordinary manner to the end of such pattern.
In
I employ a few extra needles or wires in the jacquard for primarily controlling
the putting in gear of the forward or backward "driver," or "clawker as required,
such needles being actuated in the first instance, by the punching of the cards.
addition to the ordinary mechanism of a jacquard, I employ a train of toothed or
otherwise geared wheels, which I designate a "measuring apparatus. This train
of wheels is provided with one or more change wheels, which will give greater or
less number of picks to the round of the measuring wheel, as required by different
lengths of pattern. The train of wheels has motion communicated to it by means
of a ratchet and pawl, which is actuated by the cylinder lever or other moving parts
of the jacquard. The to and fro motion of the cards having once been communicated

page_text: by means of the cards acting upon the wires or needles of the jacquard, is
arrested by means of this measuring apparatus at the distance or length required.
This is accomplished by a catch or stop upon the measuring wheel, which, on
arrival at the point where the figure is again required, comes in contact with a
small lever which is in communication with the acting needle or wire of the
jacquard, and by which means it is pressed off the "grife," independently of the
action of the cards; the result being that the forward motion of the cards is then
allowed to take place. On arrival at the end of the figure, the process is
repeated.
To enable the measuring apparatus to be turned back when the operative desires
to unweave, in the case of a loom, a second ratchet aud pawl motion operating in
the contrary direction, is provided, in such manner that, by pulling a cord or handle,
one pawl is lifted out of gear and the other allowed to take into gear reversely for
the purpose of turning back the requisite number of picks; at the same time, the
"drivers" or
clawkers for turning the cylinder are both kept out of gear by the.
same action, so that the short series of ground cards are not disturbed.
If it is required to unweave a portion of the figure, it is only necessary for
the operator to keep the backward "driver" or clawker" in gear, when he may.
turn the cards back the number of picks he has had to unweave. A. modification of
this, however, may be effected by arranging the measuring apparatus to measure
the whole length of the pattern; that is to say, the ground or plain portion plus.
the figure portion in which case, when unweaving at the figure or the ground or
plain portion of the pattern, the measuring apparatus is turned back always the.
number of picks unwoven.
;
In the event of the measuring motion being all required for the ground weaving,
exclusive of the figure, it is arranged that after having made the necessary changes
to introduce the figure, the measuring motion is caused to stand still until the
ground weaving again commences.
But that the improvements may be better understood, I will, with the aid of.
the accompanying drawings, proceed more fully to describe means employed.
by me.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1. is a side elevation, and Fig. 2. is a front elevation of one form of apparatus.
arranged in accordance with my improvements.
The same letters indicate corresponding parts wherever they occur.
"
5:
a. a. is the main framing of a jacquard, and b. b. is the cylinder, carrying the
cards forming the pattern, for actuating the jacquard mechanism, which has its to
and fro motion communicated by the lever c. c. in the ordinary manner. d. d. is the,
under driver or "clawker," and dd, the upper "driver or "clawker;" and;
it will be readily seen that when one of these "drivers" is in gear the cylinder will
be turned in one direction, while when the other is in gear it will be turned in the
opposite direction.
"
I prefer to provide a sliding pin or rod e. e. between the two, or analogous
mechanism, which renders it impossible for the two "drivers" or "clawkers ever.
to be in gear together.
ff&f are the special lifting wires which are devoted to the object of my
improvements, and 9. g. are grifes or knives for lifting the same; but it must be.
understood that all the ordinary lifting wires of the jacquard and the other grifes or
knives forming a portion of such machine are intentionally omitted in the drawings
for the purpose of clearness of explanation.
h.h is the train of wheels forming a "measuring" apparatus; and j. and j³, are
the driving pawls which act upon the ratchet wheels k. k, and ¹. respectively.
Motion is given to the pawls by means of the lever l. 1, driven by the rocking lever
actuating the cylinder; but such driving pawls may be connected with any other.
working part of the loom.
"

page_text: The special lifting wires f. f¹ & f2 may be at any convenient point amongst the
jacquard needles or wires, but, by preference, their location is at or near the side.
m. is the catch or stop upon the measuring wheel, and n. n. is a lever communi-
cating motion to the wire f; while o. o, and o¹ o¹ are levers which actuate the
"clawkers or "drivers," and the forward driving pawl respectively.
25
The mode of operation is as follows:-
During the time that the figure portion of the cards is working, the upper or
forward driver" or "clawker" di d', is in gear, and the driving pawls, actuating
the ratchet wheels of the measuring apparatus are out of gear, and the measuring
apparatus is consequently at a standstill, which result is effected by all the figure
cards having a hole punched in them to allow the wire to be lifted by the
grife every pick; and, by its connection with the lever o o¹ and cord o² ² and driving
pawl, the latter is lifted every pick out of the teeth of the ratchet wheel k. k, so
that this ratchet wheel is not propelled during the weaving of the figure, and the
measuring motion is therefore at a standstill; but when the figure is woven, and
the ground weave would, in the ordinary way, follow on, so soon as the second
card of the ground comes into operation, it causes the wire f. f. to be lifted by
the grife, because there is a hole punched in this card for this purpose, and
the wire being connected with the lever o, pulls into gear the under or
backward driver
2
or clawker" d, d, and, at the same time, by the inter-
vention of the sliding pin e. c., the forward "driver" or "clawker" d¹ d' is
pushed out of action, by which means only one "driver" can be in gear at
once, (gravity, or it may be a spring, causing the upper "driver" d', d', to fall
into gear, and the lower "driver" d. d. to fall out of gear); and the cylinder
is turned back on to the first card of the ground, which, when brought home
by the swing or battern, and having no hole punched in it, the wire ff. is not
lifted by the grife, and the top "driver" or "clawker" then turns the cylinder
forward on to the second card of the ground weave, which in its turn repeats
the operation above described, and thus the cylinder would continue to reverse
indefinitely, until arrested in the manner afterwards described.
But should the ground weave consist of more cards than two, then the
reversing is accomplished by two needles and two books of the jacquard being
both attached to the lever o, and the cards are punched so that one of these
needles and hooks are in operation on the outward journey, and the other
needle and hook are in operation on the return journey. The moment the
ground cards come into operation, the measuring motion begins to move, which
is effected by the ground cards having no holes punched in them at those points
where the figure cards have holes, which prevents the wire from being
lifted by the grife, and the consequence is that the pawl j. j. is not lifted out
of the ratchet k. h., and so the propelling of the measuring motion starts simul-
taneously with the first pick of the ground weave, and continues while the
reversing of the cylinder goes on, until such time as the stop or catch m. m,
comes in contact with the lever n. n. which lifts the wire, and this, by
means of the bent incline thereon, acting as a cam at the loop of the cross
wire at f³, presses the wire ff. from off the grife, although the card actuating the same
wire at the moment is punched to allow it to remain on; by this means the
under clawker' or "driver" is not lifted into gear, and so, instead of turning
back the cylinder at that pick, the upper "clawker or driver turns on the
first card of the figure, and so the measuring and the reversing are simul-
taneously stopped, until after the figure is woven, when all the above described
operations are automatically repeated.
The time when the stop or catch m. m. should come in contact with the
lever n. n. is determined by the size of the pinion h. h. that is on the boss of
the ratchet k. k. By preference, and for ordinary weaving, I form the ratchet k. k
with 50 teeth, and the telling wheel with 100 teeth, and so, if it be required
to put 250 picks of ground weave between figure and figure, then the change
pinion will have 20 teeth, thus 50 x 100 ÷ 250= 20 teeth, and in the same way

page_text: if 200 picks of ground are required between figure and figure, then the change
pinion will have 25 teeth, thus:-50 x 100 200 = 25 teeth, but the distance
between figure and figure can be extended by using more wheels than three,
and the ground weaving can be diversified by dividing the telling wheel ',
and placing a stop or catch like m. m. wherever wanted to operate on the
lever n. n.
The second pawl j', j', actuating the ratchet wheel k¹, k¹ cut in the contrary
direction, is for the purpose of turning the measuring apparatus back the requisite
number of picks, when unweaving has taken place, and is brought into gear by
means of the cord under the control of the weaver; in like manner the cord d³,
attached to the forward "driver" or "clawker "lever dd, is to enable the
weaver to hold such "driver" out of gear for a similar purpose.
Variations in detail may be made, and the apparatus is applicable to various
forms of jacquard construction, without departing from the peculiar character of
the invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
"2
1. In jacquard apparatus, the combination of two "drivers" or clawkers'
for turning the cylinder in opposite directions, witli apparatus for alternately
putting the same in gear, for the purpose and in manner substantially as herein
shown and described.
2. In jacquard apparatus, the combination of an added "measuring" apparatus,
with a second "driver" or "clawker," and the lifting wire or wires, for the
purpose and in manner substantially as herein shown and described.
"
3. In jacquard apparatus, the controlling of the direction of motion of the
cards, forming the pattern, by means of two "drivers" or "clawkers and a
"measuring apparatus, for the purpose and in manner substantially as herein
shown and described.
37
Dated this 3rd day of April 1891.
WILLIAM GADD, C.E.,
64, Barton Arcade, Manchester, Agent for the Applicant.