IMPROVE⭑ MENTS IN BRICK KILMS
Year: 1884

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I, GEORGE PITT of Laural Cottage Leamington in the County of Warwick
Foreman of Works, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for " IMPROVE⭑
MENTS IN BRICK KILMS " and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement and the
accompanying drawings of which there are two sheets.
My invention has for its object improvements in brick Kilns applicable to other
purposes such as burning pipes which enables me to reduce the cost of burning
bricks and other articles to a minimum by affording great facility for the
transmission of the heat to the various chambers in the Kilm at any time. My
improvements also consist in so arranging the various passages that expensive
foundations are in a great measure avoided, my passages being so arranged as
really to lighten some of the more bulky parts of the structure.
I am aware that many attempts have been made to effect the same objects before
but not with the success desirable.
Referring now to the Drawings:-
Figure 1 is a combined side and end elevation of one of my oblong brick Kilns
showing the roof to protect the same from the weather.
Figure 2 is a sectional plan on line A. B.
Figure 3 is a sectional end elevation on line C. D.
Figure 4 is a sectional end elevation on line E. F.
Figure 5 is a plan with the roof removed.
My oblong Kiln as shown by the plan Figure 2 is divided by green brick walls
into twelve divisions or chambers numbered from 1 to 12 which are shown by
dotted lines on the drawings, these walls being burnt as are the other green
bricks and removed from time to time when the chambers are emptied. The main
flue H runs under the middle wall to the Chimney G but this flue to save expense
in massive foundations may run along higher in the wall than shown: The branch
flues J run into the main flue each division being connected with the main flue H
by such a flue and damper but the two end divisions and 7 have two such exit
flues and dampers for the purpose of varying the direction of the heat as it passes
on, The dampers are marked with the letter K, K¹, K³, to K. The upper
longitudinal Blue M only runs along the length or nearly the length of the Kiln
and is one of the most important features of my invention by which I transmit
the heat from one chamber or division of the Kiln to another by means of the

page_text: vertical shafts U, U₁, U', U³, U into this flue M and the shafts N, N', N³ to N¹
into the division or chambers there being one shaft N to each division or chamber
of which there are twelve in this particular instance.
The portable bonnets P and P₁, are also most important as saving considerable
expense in flues and brickwork and heat as they can be moved from one shaft to
the other so connecting the various divisions or chambers with each other which
in conjunction with the dainpers and branch flues connect each division with the
chimney G thus transmitting the heat from any hot chamber in which the bricks
have been burnt to one in which the bricks are green to do the initial part of the
drying.
The small holes r, r, r. through the top of each division are for the purpose of
feeding fine slack into the said chambers to keep the Kilm continuously burning.
Of course in changing this Kilm those accustomed to such work will leave the usual
passages so that the heat will have perfect freedom and be guided amongst the
articles to be burnt so circulating throughout the whole mass of bricks to be burnt.
To avoid the necessity of rounding the corners of these Kilns I place the
passages 8, 8, 8 in the end of the division chamber, No 6 and the passages 8' 8' 8¹ in
the corresponding wall of division or chamber 12. These passages 8 and 8¹ lead
into the branch flue S2 and S3 and past the special dampers 8 and 8 and thence in
the case of Chamber 12 in the direction of the arrows to either dampers K³ or K'
or in the case of chamber 6 to dampers K8 or Kº. The openings ware for
discharging the kiln.
I will now follow out the action of the heat in the Kiln herein illustrated with
the bonnets fixed as shown to connect the division or chamber 1 with the division
or chamber 8-The other shafts in flue M would now be covered by Caps or
plates I will suppose that the fuel is still being fed into chambers 3 and 4; No 2
chamber and No 7 chamber are cooling off; We will also suppose that the men are
drowing off N° 12 chamber: Then the back draft from N° 3 chamber passes
through No 2 Chamber to N° 1 chamber then along the bonnet P and flue M to
the bonnet P and down the shaft N' into the division 8 and through the
damper K8 into the branch flue J and thence to the chimney G. In the mean
time chamber 4 is working with a front draft i.e leadings into chambers 5 and 6 in
the direction of the arrows and thence through damper K to the chimney.
Having therefore now described the nature of iny said invention of improve-
ments in brick Kilns I would have it understood that I do not Confine myself to
the exact details such for instance as the number of chambers the dirrection of the
flues as they may be varied without departure from the principle of the invention
but what I do claim is:-
Brick Kilns having the horizontal flue or tube M and shafts or openings U and N
in combination with the bonnets P for the convenience of turning the heat in any
desired direction in respect to the chambers containing the bricks to be dried as
also the passages 8, 8 and flues S2 and S3 all substantially as herein set forth.
D
101
'