Improvements in Steam-generators and Heating Apparatus.
Year: 1892

page_text: te of Application, 9th Aug., 1892-4ccepted, 13th May, 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam-generators and Heating Apparatus.
I, JAMES WADSWORTII, of Hendham Vale, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
It consists of certain improvements upon the apparatus described in the
Specification and drawings of my Patent No. 9896 of 1887, whereby I am enabled
to greatly increase the heating surface of the apparatus, effecting a more perfect
combustion of fuel, allow for the great expansion of the water and steam, and thus
increase the rapidity of circulation and supply of hot water or steam from the
apparatus.
In order that my present invention may be easily understood and readily carried
into practice I will proceed to further describe same with reference to the
accompanying sheets of drawings.
Fig. 1. 2. & 3. show respectively, plan, side elevation and end elevation all half
in section.
Fig. 4. shows apparatus connected to boiler.
Fig. 5. shows isometric view of apparatus.
Fig. 6 and Fig. 7. shows apparatus & improved fire bars in position for working.
Fig. 7. shows plan and sectional elevation of fire bars.
I employ as before a main longitudinal passage, shown at h in Figure 1, and 2,
Sheet 1. with hollow arms shown at i Figure 5, Sheet 3, brauching at right angles
therefrom, the whole being divided horizontally into an upper and lower division,
by means of an internal dividing plate, shown at c in Figs. 1. 2 and 3, Sheet 1.
The whole of the apparatus being usualy cast in one piece.
Instead however of forming the projecting arms as shown in the Specification
and drawings referred to with a quadrangular section, I form them of a triangular
or wedge shaped section, both internally and externally as shown in Figure 2,
Sheet 1, so that, as the water or steam becomes heated and expands it rises into a
continually expanding space thus effecting a more perfect circulation, and reducing
the violent ebulition of the water.
or
I also furnish the main longitudinal passage with two more openings
(preferably three) oue at each end of the lower division for inlet, as shown at a in
all the figures on Sheets 1, 2, 3, & 4, and a central one from the upper division,
for outlet as shown at b in all the drawings," for steam and heated water.
"
The said outlet must be sufficiently large to ensure perfect circulation of steam
and water through the apparatus.
The foregoing is the form I prefer for steam generating.
When the apparatus is used as a superheater for steam, two openings only are
required one at each end as inlet and outlet, & I place the apparatus between the
engine and the boiler.
For steam generating the apparatus may be fixed, in the furnace, or underneath,
or in front, or it may be connected to the side, or end, of any kind of steam
boiler.
When the apparatus is not fixed in the furnace of the steam boiler, it will
require to be fixed in a furnace of its own in such a manner, that the flames of the
fire pass up between the wedge shaped arms i, thereby having contact with a very
large heating surface, the result being an extreemly rapid and powerful generation
of steam. To increase the heating surface of the before mentioned triangular or
wedge shaped arms i, I extend the lower or narrowest part of the said triangular
or wedge shaped arms i, several inches below the hollow portion containing water,

page_text: thus continuing the arm in a solid state as shown at d in Fig. 2, and 3, Sheet 1;
Fig. 4, Sheet 2; Fig. 5, Sheet 3, and Fig. 6, Sheet 4. The solid part to be
notched at short intervals leaving a space between each in order to reduce to a
minimum the risk of breakage, through the expansion and contraction of the metal,
as the lower or solid part of the said arms i will be heated to a high temperature,
thereby obtaining a more perfect combustion of the fuel, and preventing an
accumulation of soot and incrustation, on the arms of the apparatus.
Lugs, or other suitable projections of metal may be cast upon suitable parts of
the apparatus, as shown at g in Fig. 1, Sheet 1 ; & Fig. 5 Sheet 3 to allow of the
supporting of the apparatus, and the hingeing of suitable doors, through which the
apparatus may be cleaned of soot and other impurities externally.
Gas, coke, or coal may be used as the heating mediums.
The apparatus may also be used for heating water for hot water pipes, and also
may be used as a radiator, and as.a substitute for hot water pipes.
also form the fire bars in a similar manner, with a longitudinal passage as
shown at ½ in Fig. 7, Sheet 4, and branching arms, of a triangular or wedge
shaped section either solid or hollow as shown at e and provided with a suitable
inlet at one end, and an outlet at the other end as shown at / Fig. 7.
The fire bars may be connected to the boiler f by suitable pipes, it will therefore
act in a similar manner to the apparatus, thus transforming the said fire bars into a
valuable heating auxiliary.
When necessary one or more generators may be used, either connected or
separate.
The action is as follows. The water enters the apparatus at the inlets a by a
pipe connected to the steam boiler "as shown at f Fig. 4, Sheet 2," some distance
below the working level of the water the passage of the water through the
apparatus is shown by the arrows, as shown in Figs. 2 & 3 Sheet 1, and passes
through the outlet by another pipe to the boiler f, at or near the water level.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1st. In a heating apparatus for generating steam, the use of hollow projecting
arms of triangular or wedge shaped section substantially as described and shown
.herein before and in. the accompanying drawing for the purposes set forth.
2nd. The combined improved apparatus substantially as described and shown
hereinbefore and in the accompanying drawings for the purposes set forth.
3rd. In a solid, notched, projection of the said triangular or wedge shaped arms
substantially as described and shown hereinbefore and in the accompanying
drawings for the purposes set forth.
4th. In a fire bar the use of hollow or solid projecting arms of triangular or
wedge shaped section, substantially as described and shown hereiubefore.and. in the
accompanying drawings for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 8th day of August 1892.
JAMES WADSWORTH,
Hendham Vale, Queens Road, Manchester.