IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES OF ALL KINDS AND APPARATUS FOR IMPROVING DRAUGHT SO AS TO DISPENSE WITH HIGH CHIMNEYS WITHDRAWING AND CONDENSING NOXIOUS GASES SMOKE AND OTHER LETTERS PATSES AND OTHER PRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION APPLICABLE TO ALL MANUFACTURING PROCESSES PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND PRIVATE DWELLINGS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David Jones of Clerkenwell in the County of Middlesex,
for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES OF ALL KINDS AND
APPARATUS FOR IMPROVING DRAUGHT SO AS TO DISPENSE WITH HIGH
CHIMNEYS WITHDRAWING AND CONDENSING NOXIOUS GASES SMOKE AND OTHER
LETTERS PATENT to David Jones of Clerkenwell in the County of Middlesex,
for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES OF ALL KINDS AND
APPARATUS FOR IMPROVING DRAUGHT SO AS TO DISPENSE WITH HIGH
CHIMNEYS WITHDRAWING AND CONDENSING NOXIOUS GASES SMOKE AND OTHER
PRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION APPLICABLE TO ALL MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND PRIVATE DWELLINGS"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Jones at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th April 1883.
DAVID JONES of Clerkenwell in the County of Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
FURNACES OF ALL KINDS AND APPARATUS FOR IMPROVING DRAUGHT SO AS TO
DISPENSE WITH HIGH CHIMNEYS, WITHDRAWING AND CONDENSING NOXIOUS GASES
SMOKE AND OTHER PRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION APPLICABLE TO ALL MANUFACTURING
PROCESSES PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND PRIVATE DWELLINGS "
This invention relates to improvements in furnaces of all kinds and in apparatus
combined therewith for improving draught and for dispensing with high chimneys
or smoke stacks also for withdrawing and condensing noxious gases smoke and
other products of combustion my improvements being applicable to all manufacturing
processes such as cement and lime works chemical works puddling furnaces,
metallurgical works gas works and the furnaces of marine locomotive and all other
engines and furnaces of various kinds.
For this purpose according to the first part of my improvements I improve the
combustion and increase the draught in furnaces by means of induced currents of
air and steam introduced below the fire bars and behind the bridge either in the
form of jets or streams
A thin stream or current of air and steam is introduced just below the fire bars
by a pipe open to the air at one end into which a steam jet is introduced which.
induces or draws in a current of atmospheric air which is distributed over the
entire under surface of the fire bars of the furnace thereby increasing the
combustion therein.

page_text: Another air pipe having a small steam jet pipe inserted therein causes an
induced current of air to be conducted into a chamber under the bridge from
which streams or jets of air and steam combined are discharged with great force
at the back of the bridge by which the smoke and products of combustion are
ignited and converted into flame and the draught of the furnace greatly improved
In place of employing a high chimney stack to carry off the smoke and
products of combustion from furnaces according to another part of my improve-
ments I require only a comparatively low chimney on which I place a hood
which conducts the gases and products of combustion into a downcast shaft on the
top of which a cistern containing water is placed supplied by a force pump or
otherwise.
The water falls through perforations in the bottom of the cistern in the form of
fine rain down the shaft into a cistern below carrying with it the impurities
contained in the products of combustion the air and gases thus purified passing
through an outlet at the bottom of the shaft into a flue or chimney and thence
into the outer atmosphere a jet of steam being introduced through an air pipe
into the bottom of the outlet chimney or flue to cause an upward current or
draught therein.
My improvements are applicable to furnaces either with close or open ash pits.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said David Jones in the Great Seal Patent Office
23rd October 1883.
on the
DAVID JONES of Clerkenwell in the County of Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN
FURNACES OF ALL KINDS AND APPARATUS FOR IMPROVING DRAUGHT SO AS TO
DISPENSE WITH RICH CHIMNEYS; WITHDRAWING AND CONDENSING NOXIOUS GASES
SMOKE AND OTHER PRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION APPLICABLE TO ALL MANUFACTURING
PROCESSES PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND PRIVATE DWELLINGS
This Invention relates to improvements in furnaces of all kinds and in
apparatus combined therewith for improving draught and for dispensing with
high chimneys or smoke stacks also for withdrawing and condensing noxious
gases smoke and other products of combustion my improvements being applicable
to all manufacturing processes such as cement and lime works chemical works
puddling furnaces metallurgical works gas works and the furnaces of marine
locomotive and all other engines and furnaces of various kinds
For this purpose according to the first part of my improvements I improve the
combustion and increase the draught in furnaces by means of induced currents of
air and steam introduced below the fire bars and behind the bridge either in the
form of jets or streams
A thin stream or current of air and steam is introduced just below the fire bars
by a pipe open to the air at one end into which a steam jet is introduced which
induces or draws in a current of atmospheric air which is distributed over the
entire under surface of the fire bars of the furnace thereby increasing the
combustion therein
Another.air pipe having a small steam jet pipe inserted therein causes an induced
current of air to be conducted into a chamber under the bridge from which streams
or jets of air and steam combined are discharged with great force at the back of
the bridge by which the sunoke and products of combustion are ignited and
converted into flame and the draught of the furnace greatly improved
In place of employing a high chimney stack to carry off the smoke and products
of combustion from furnaces according to another part of my improvements I
require only a comparatively low chimney on which I place a hood which conducts
the gases and products of combustion into a downcast shaft on the top of which a
cistern containing water is placed supplied by a force pump or otherwise
The water falls through perforations in the bottom of the cistern in the form of
fine rain down the shaft into a cistern below carrying with it the impurities
contained in the products of combustion the air and gases thus purified passing
through an outlet at the bottom of the shaft into a flue or chimney and thence
into the outer atmosphere a jet of steam being introduced through an air pipe into
the bottom of the outlet chimney or flue to cause an upward current or draught
therein
My improvements are applicable to furnaces either with close or open ash pits
And in order that my Invention may be more clearly understood and readily
carried into practise I will proceed to describe my Invention more in detail
reference being made to the drawings hereto annexed
The object of my Invention as applied to Furnaces and Boilers of various
descriptions is to economise fuel by the supply of a sufficient quantity of air in the
most effective manner possible to insure the complete combustion of the fuel and
prevention of smoke
Under the dead plate of the Boiler is placed an air chamber made of any

page_text: suitable metal supplied with air by means of a small steam jet (about ½ of an
inch) which sends a strong blast of air from underneath all the fire bars and
through the fuel every part of which is therefore well supplied with oxygen
A further advantage of this method is that the air is warmed in entering while
the force of the blast prevents the formation of clinker between the bars and by
keeping these cool they are preserved for an indefinitely long time
A second air chamber made of metal or other suitable materials is placed below
the bridge supplied with air from the pipe f (as represented on the accompanying
drawings) which on entering becomes heated This heated air is discharged
through the air jets jjj into the flame and meeting the olefiant gas perfect
combustion ensues and the formation of smoke and soot is prevented while at the
same time the draught is greatly improved
The two air chambers may be made of a width and the number of the air jets
varied according to the circumstances of the case
The second part of the Invention relates to the condensation of noxious or
offensive vapours produced in chemical and other works The essential point in
apparatus of this kind is that the vapours to be condensed shall be intimately
associated with water in a finely divided state and this is accomplished by passing
them down a vertical pipe having at top a reservoir perforated with a number of
small holes so as to produce a continuous shower of drops of water into a tank
below At the bottom of the down pipe just above the tank is a branch pipe
through which the purified air and gases escape to a chimney or other outlet
Figures 1 and 2 shew the fuel economiser as applied to a Marine Boiler-A A
are the blowers under the fire bars-B is one of a second pair fixed under the
bridge to blow air into the flame before it passes through the tubes into the
funnel-ppp are the steam pipes leading to the jets each branch having a valve c
while the whole steam jet supply can be cut off or regulated by the valve d
.
The construction of the blower A is shewn in detail in Figures 4 and 5 It
consists of a wedge shaped metal box with a slit e e right along the front towards
the fire and at the back is a bent 2½ inch pipe f with its outer end g bell mouthed
and open to the air Into this open end projects the steam pipe p with a conical
nozzle as shewn in Section figure 4 The suction produced by this steam jet is
sufficient to draw in a strong current of air which is forced out through the slit e e
just below the firebars
The blower B is shewn in detail in figures 6 and 6* It is a chamber or box
made of metal fire clay or other suitable material' with an open bell mouthed air
pipe and steam jet but instead of the outlet slit it has a number of conical openings
for discharging the air
Figures 3 and 3ª shew full sized sections of my improved forms of fire bar
Figure 7 shews my improved vapour condensing apparatus applied to bone
boiling works Above the kettle D is fixed a hood E (or a dome shaped roof
within the building as may be found most advantageous) and an iron flue F
through which the vapour passes to the down pipe G and thence to the chimney H
This down cast pipe or passage may if desired be constructed or built in the form
of a chimney with a double flue or passage In the downcast pipe or passage the
vapour is condensed and the offensive odour is destroyed by a shower of water as
previously described The falling water creates a draught which is increased by
a steam jet f the two together sufficing to draw up all the fumes from the kettle
whenever its lid is removed The smoke from the fire is carried into the flue F
and disposed of at the same time The reservoir K is kept supplied from the tank
by a small pump
Figures 11 to 16 shew the
application of my improved apparatus to a

page_text: A is a blower under fire bars B is another blower in smoke box whence the
products of combustion pass by the horizontal pipe C to the down pipe G down
which a shower of water is arranged to fall The purified gases in this case pass
away through openings formed in the tank L as seen in Figure 12
KK are the feed pipes from tank to pump and from pump to reservoir The
exhaust steam from the cylinders is carried into the smoke condensing apparatus G
in two jets by the pipes m. m.
Figures 13 to 16 are separate views of the blowers A and B and being similar
to Figures 4 to 6 the same description will apply
In Figure 11 the horizontal tube C is represented at the side of the funnel to
meet the case of Tunnels whose roofs are only a few inches above the top of the
funnel In other cases the tube could be placed above
Figures 8, 9 and 10 show respectively the elevation plan and section of Portland
Cement kilns with my improvements applied thereto for condensing the fumes
An arrangement for drying the slurry by the heated gases on their way to the
condensing pipe is also shewn
An arched flue M leads from each of a pair of kilns to a down flue built up
between them From this the fumes pass to the cross flue OO then underneath
the slurry by numerous small horizontal flues into a second cross flue R which has
an outlet S to the condensing pipe G and so to the chimney H the steam jets p. p.
are introduced to improve the draught q. q. q. in Figures 9 and 10 shew the floor
on which the slurry is dried and which may be made of fire clay or corrugated
iron
Figure 17 is a section of a chimney stack but in place of the usual separate
flues each fire place communicates directly with one down flue G in which the
draught is established by the fall of the condensing water from a reservoir K under
the roof to a tank L in the basement
The same letters denote corresponding parts of the apparatus in each of the
drawings
Having thus fully described the nature of my Invention and the manner of
performing or carrying the same into practice I would remark that I make no
claim to any of the parts separately which are well known and in common use
But what I claim is
First The improved arrangement and construction of furnaces and apparatus
combined therewith in which jets of air and steam combined are employed to
increase the draught and prevent smoke such jets being arranged and applied
substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein before described and
represented in the drawings hereto annexed
Second I claim the improved arrangement and application of down cast flues G
combined with air or steam jets for withdrawing and condensing noxious gases
smoke and other products of combustion from furnaces and fire places by means of
a shower of water substantially in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore
described and represented in the drawings hereto annexed
In witness whereof I the said David Jones have hereunto set my hand and seal
this twenty third day of October in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and eighty three