Improvements in the Manufacture of Glass and in the Application of the same for Roof Lights and other Glazing Purposes.
Year: 1886

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Glass and in the Application
of the same for Roof Lights and other Glazing Purposes.
I, ALEXANDER DRUMMOND of 35 Montrose Street, in the City of Glasgow, Glass
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the production in large sheets for glazing purposes of glass
having formed upon one side parallel ridges or grooves of prismatic, triangular, or
other cross section either alone or in conjunction with grooves or corrugations
running obliquely in the channels or spaces between the ridges, the object of imparting
such formation to the surface of the glass being to direct, concentrate or diffuse in the
interior of buildings or apartments the light passing through the glass employed for
roof or side lights in cases in which, the ridged surface is on the inner side, and to
guide rain and condensed moisture over the panes of glass and generally to facilitate
the glazing operation when the ridged or grooved surface is on the outside.
I produce such glass either by casting it on a table whose surface is suitably
grooved or formied to serve as a mould to produce the requisite pattern upon the lower
surface of the glass over whose upper surface I run a plain roller in order to obtain
an approximately regular thickness of sheet, or I may employ suitably grooved rollers
to roll out the glass shoets with ridges of the desired formation upon the upper surface
in which case the surface of the table may be smooth.
In glazing roofs when the prismatic or other ridges or grooves are upon the
interior surface the sheets may be so laid as to deflect the light to any required point
or to diffuse the light, but when the ridges or grooves are upon the exterior surface
the sheets should be so laid that the ridges or grooves may extend in the line of the
slope and serve in conjunction with the oblique grooves or corrugations in the inter-
mediate spaces to form gutters or waterways to guide downwards the rain or moisture
collecting on the glass, the parallel ridges when occurring at the edges of the sheets
also serving as a convenient means of securing the glass to the astragals by the over-
laid leaden strips or sheet metal caps commonly employed in glazing roof lights.
Dated this Seventeenth day of August 1886.

page_text: of the same for Roof Lights and other Glazing Purposes.
I, ALEXANDER DRUMMOND of 35 Montrose Street, in the City of Glasgow Glass
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to the production in large sheets for glazing or other purposes
of glass having formed upon one side parallel ridges or grooves of prismatic, triangular
or other cross section, that is to say, the ridges have two surfaces each at the same angle
of inclination to the general plane of the glass, or projections of pyramidal form, the
object of imparting such formation to the surface of the glass being to direct,
concentrate or diffuse in the interior of buildings or apartments the light passing
through the glass employed for roof or sido lights.
I produce such glass either by rolling it on a table whose surface is suitably grooved
or formed to serve as a mould to produce the requisite prismatic or pyramidal pattern
upon the lower surface of the glass over whoso upper surface I run a plain roller in
order to obtain an approximately regular thickness of sheet, or I may employ suitably
prismatic or pyramidally grooved rollers to roll out the glass sheets with ridges of
the-desired prismatic or pyramidal formation upon the upper surface in which case
the surface of the table may be is smooth. Glass of this form when soft and plastic
not being liable to float out of shape.
In glazing roofs when the prismatic or other ridges or grooves are upon the
interior surface the sheets may be so laid as to deflect the light to any required point
or to diffuse the light, but when the ridges or grooves are upon the exterior surface
the shoots should he so laid that the ridges or grooves may extend in the line of the
slope and serve in conjunction with the oblique grooves or corrugations in the inter-
mediate-sprees to so forin gutters or water ways to guide downwards the rain or moisture
collecting on the glass, the parallel ridges when occuring at the odges of the sheets
also serving as a convenient means of securing the glass to the astragals by the over-
laid leaden strips or sheet metal caps commonly employed in glazing roof lights.
In forming sheets for windows and side lights the plain surface of the sheet may be
ground and polished in the mauner practised in the manufacture of polished plate
glass and the corrugated or grooved and prismatic or pyramidal ridged surface may
be polished in like manner by the use of grinding and polishing wheels or surfaces
specially formed to act simultaneously upon several of the ridges or grooves. The
glass of which the sheets are made may also be suitably coloured or tinted to enhance
the ornamental effect of structures glazed with the sheets.
In the accompanying drawings figures 1 to 6, and 2 illustrate in front elevation
and section various forms of sheets which may be the prismatic and fig. 3 the
pyramidal form of glass as produced under ny invention for use as roof or side lights

page_text: the ridged surface being on the inside. In the sheet shown in figure 5, 3 a series of
pyramids is produced upon the surface by running the ridges or grooves both
longitudinally and transversely, and this formation may be modified as shown in
figure 6 by the raised parts being rounded or of conoidal forms. Figure 7 illustrates
in front elevation and section a sheet adapted for roof lights the ridges-a-which are
in this case on the outside, being so inclined as to direct rain or moisture in parallel
courses upon the curface of the glass and inwards from the edges where the sheets
are secured to the astragals. Ridges may be formed along the edges as before
mentioned to prevent ingress of water under the glazing caps or strips commonly
employed for securing the glass.
I wish it to be understood that I do not lay claim broadly to making glass of a
prismatic or pyramidal form but only to the manufacture by the hereinbefore described
rolling process of sheets of glass with prismatic or pyramidal ridges or projections
thereon.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
As an improved article of manufacturo glass sheets or plates having upon one
surface ridges or grooves of prismatic or similar pyramidal cross section produced by
rolling glass upon a suitably grooved table or by a suitably grooved roller substan-
tially as and for the purpose set forth with reference to figures 1 to 63 of the
annexed drawings.
2. As an improved article of manufacture-glass-sheets or plates having on the outer
surface a series of oblique or angular-ridges produced as described and so arranged as
to direct ruin or moisture into channels or ways off the sheet substantially as described
with reference to figure 7 of the unnexed drawings.
Daten unsouron day open
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow,
Agents.

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Aug., 1886.
Complete Left, 7th Apr., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 10th May, 1887.
ладиласure of lа ани и спе аррисанов
of the same for Roof Lights and other Glazing Purposes.
I, ALEXANDER DRUMMOND of 35 Montrose Street, in the City of Glasgow, Glass
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the production in large sheets for glazing purposes of glass
having formed upon one side parallel ridges or grooves of prismatic, triangular, or
other cross section either alone or in conjunction with grooves or corrugations
running obliquely in the channels or spaces between the ridges, the object of imparting
such formation to the surface of the glass being to direct, concentrate or diffuse in the
interior of buildings or apartments the light passing through the glass employed for
roof or side lights in cases in which, the ridged surface is on the inner side, and to
guide rain and condensed moisture over the panes of glass and generally.to facilitate
the glazing operation when the ridged or grooved surface is on the outside.
I produce such glass either by casting it on a table whose surface is suitably
grooved or formed to serve as a mould to produce the requisite pattern upon the lower
surface of the glass over whose upper surface I run a plain roller in order to obtain
an approximately regular thickness of sheet, or 1 may employ suitably grooved rollers
to roll out the glass sheets with ridges of the desired formation upon the upper surface
in which case the surface of the table may be smooth.
In glazing roofs when the prismatic or other ridges or grooves are upon the
interior surface the sheets may be so laid as to deflect the light to any required point
or to diffuse the light, but when the ridges or grooves are upon the exterior surface
the sheets should be so laid that the ridges or grooves may extend in the line of the
slope and serve in conjunction with the oblique grooves or corrugations in the inter-
mediate spaces to form gutters or waterways to guide downwards the rain or moisture
collecting on the glass, the parallel ridges when occurring at the edges of the sheets
also serving as a convenient means of securing the glass to the astragals by the over-
laid leaden strips or sheet metal caps commonly employed in glazing roof lights.
Dated this Seventeenth day of August 1886.
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow,
Agents.

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Glass and in the Application
of the same for Roof Lights and other Glazing Purposes.
I, ALEXANDER DRUMMOND of 35 Montrose Street, in the City of Glasgow Glass
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :--
My invention relates to the production in large sheets for glazing or other purposes
of glass having formed upon one side parallel ridges or grooves of prismatic, triangular
or other cross section, the object of imparting such formation to the surface of the
glass being to-direct, concentrate or diffuse in the interior of buildings or apartinents
the light passing through the glass employed for roof or side lights..
I produce such glass either by rolling it on a table whose surface is suitably grooved
or formed to serve as a mould to produce the requisite pattern upon the lower surface
of the glass over whose upper surface I run a plain roller in order to obtain an
approximately regular thickness of sheet, or I may employ suitably grooved rollers to
roll out the glass sheets with ridges of the desired formation upon the upper surface in
which case the surface of the table may be smooth.
In glazing roofs when the prismatic or other ridges or grooves are upon the
interior surface the sheets may be so laid as to deflect the light to any required point
or to diffuse the light, but when the ridges or grooves are upon the exterior surface
the sheets should be so laid that the ridges or grooves may extend in the line of the
slope and serve in conjunction with the oblique grooves or corrugations in the inter-
meiliate spaces to form gutters or waterways to guide downwards the rain or moisture
collecting on the glass, the parallel ridges when occuring at the edges of the sheets
also serving as a convenient, means of securing the glass to the astragals by the over-
laid leaden strips or sheet metal caps commonly employed in glazing roof lights.
In forming sheets for windows and side lights the plain surface of the sheet may be
ground and polished in the manner practised in the manufacture of polished plate
glass and the corrugated or grooved and ridged surface may be polished in like
manner by the use of grinding and polishing wheels or surfaces specially formed to
act simultaneously upon several of the ridges or grooves. The glass of which the
sheets are made may also be suitably coloured or tinted to enhance the ornamental
effect of structures glazed with the sheets.
In the accompanying drawings figures 1 to 6, illustrate in front elevation and
section various forms of sheets which may be produced under my invention for use as
roof or side lights the ridged surface being on the inside. In the sheet shown in
figure 5, a series of pyramids is produced upon the surface by running the ridges or
grooves both longitudinally and transversely and this formation may be modified as
shown in figure 6 by the raised parts being rounded or of conoidal forms. Figure 7
illustrates in front elevation and section a sheet adapted for roof lights the ridges a

page_text: which are in this case on the outside, being so inclined as to direct rain or moisture in
parallel courses upon the surface of the glass and inwards from the edges where the
sheets are secured to the astragals. Ridges may be formed along the edges as before
mentioned to prevent ingress of water under the glazing caps or strips commonly
employed for securing the glass.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of
my
said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :—
1. As an improved article of manufacture glass sheets or plates having upon one
surface ridges or grooves of prismatic or similar cross section produced by rolling
glass upon a suitably grooved table or by a suitably grooved roller substantially as
and for the purpose set forth with reference to figures 1 to 6 of the annexed
drawings.
2. As an improved article of manufacturo glass sheets or plates having on the outer
surface a series of oblique or angular ridges produced as described and so arranged as
to direct rain or moisture into channels or ways off the sheet substantially as described
with reference to figure 7 of the annexed drawings.
T