CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE METHOD OF MAKING OR MANUFACTURING PANS AND STAILS OF VARIOUS KINDS
Year: 1817

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
Braas, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Brass Founder, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twelfth day of August,
in the fifty-seventh year of His reign, give and grant unto me, the said
Edward Biggs, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, His special licence,. full
power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Edward Biggs, my
exors, adñiors, and assigns, should and lawfully might,. during the term of
years therein mentioned, make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales,
and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE METHOD OF MAKING OR MANUFACTURING PANS AND STAILS OF VARIOUS
KINDS;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso that if I,
the said Edward. Biggs, shall not particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of my said. Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by
an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be
inrolled in His Majesty's' High Court of Chancery within two calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, that then
the said- Letters Patent,, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby
granted, shall utterly cease, determine, and become void, as in and by the
same, relation being thereunto had, may more fully appear and at large
appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Edward Biggs, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described
and ascertained in and by the Drawings hereunto annexed, and the following
description thereof, that is to say: -
My improved method of making pans and stails of various sorts and kinds
is that I make part called the pan or bowl, see Drawing G, (distinct from the
handle or stail,) of frying pans or warming pans, or pans of any other
description, made of iron, copper, brass, or any other metal or mixture of
metals, and in manner following,-
First, I cut out by means of a press (such as is generally used by manu-
facturers, and a pair of tools made of a proper size and form, according to
the shape of the intended pan, a blank or flat piece of metal, and having
annealed or heated it according to the nature of the metal, it is then placed
on a concave or she-raising or drafted die, for which see Drawing marked A;
it is then stamped or struck by means of a stamp of the usual construction;
(or, when more suitable for large articles), I make use of a powerful stamp
worked by steam or other power, and for the Invention of which I lately
obtained His Majesty's Letters Patent, with a succession of convex or he-
dies or forces (see Drawing B) of different sizes, that is to say, with the
largest size first, the others following, according to the size required by the
nature of the metal, by which means the blank is drafted or made of
a proper depth for the finishing dic, which is turned or made the exact
shape the pan is meant to be, and into which the drafted blank is after-
wards struck or stamped by means of a suitable convex or he-die or force. I
then remove or scour the scale from the iron pans, by putting a convenient
number in a barrel or cylinder, together with a quantity of gravel or any
other suitable matter, and causing the same to turn
round partly immersed in
water, but this process is not necessary with any but the iron pans. Both the
iron and other metal pans are put into or pickled in a mixture of oil of vitrio
and water, or any acid suitable to the kind of metal. They are afterwards
taken out, washed in clean water, and shook or turned round in the barrel or
cylinder until they are bright; but this is also unnecessary with those of any
other metal than iron. The pans when required to be well finished I fix in
a metal dish or receiver attached to a lathe, which is turned in the usual way,
or by means of a steam engine or other power. The pans are supported in
the metal dish by a sliding center, with a bowl at the end which presses against
the pans whilst turning round, and they are carried round in the dish by
means of a projecting bit, driven out by a punch from the rim of the pan, and

page_text: lodging in a niche in the dish for the purpose. The iron handles for the
frying pans are made as follows:-The eye ends, as in Drawing C, and the
other ends, marked D, are stamped in dies, and pierced and clipped with tools
for the purpose, and afterwards rivetted to the pans, as any experienced work-
man will readily understand. When additional strength is required in the
copper or brass warming pans, I line them with iron withinside, by which
also they will retain their heat for a longer time. The covers to the warming
pans I likewise stamp and finish in the same manner as the pans. The
socket to which the handle is fixed, marked E, is first cut out with a pair of
tools at a press. The moulding is then stamped on it, and it is turned
round and soldered together. The hinge by which the cover is attached to
the pan marked F is also cut out with suitable tools at a press. The rings of
iron which serve to strengthen the edge of the pan, and likewise the lid, are
inclosed by fixing the pan or lid to a lathe, laying the iron ring in the groove
formed in the edge of the pan or lid in stamping, and turning the edge of the
metal over it. I also form a tea-kettle by fixing together two pans or bowls
stamped into a proper shape, having a moulding or rim on the lower pan,
which is turned over the edge of the upper pan. It is then soder'd, and the
spout and handle aflixed in the usual manner.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Biggs, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventeen.
EDWARD (L.S.) BIGGS.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Thirtieth day of September, in
the year of our Lord 1817, the aforesaid Edward Biggs came before our
said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to
the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Sixth day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventeen.