IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING FRAMES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Melville Clark of the firm of AM and
W Clark of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agents,
for an invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING FRAMES Communicated
to him from abroad by Gilman Jaquith of Maysville; in the County of Mason
and State of Kentucky, United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Melville Clark
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th July 1882.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK of the firm of A. M. and W. Clark of 53 Chancery
Lanè, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING
FRAMES [Communicated to him from abroad by Gilman Jaquith of Maysville, in.
the county of Mason and State of Kentucky, United States of America.]
"
This Invention more particularly relates to the bobbin spindles of spinning.
frames, and consists in various novel constructions and combinations of parts,
including a tube forming an oil reservoir and support for a step bearing and
bushing within it which bearing and bushing hold up and guide the spindle that
rotates freely within the oil. The Invention also includes a whirl of peculiar
construction and various other details and combinations of details whereby waste
of oil is avoided, lint or dust is excluded from the spindle and from mixing with
the oil, the whirl is made to form a friction driving spool holder, and numerous
other advantages are obtained.
'
The tube forming the oil reservoir is arranged to extend through the rails of the
spinning frame, its top, which projects above the upper rail, being enlarged to form
a cup. Screwed into the lower end of this tube is the step-bearing for the spindle,
said bearing closing with a shoulder joint against the bottom end of the tube, with
which it makes a tight fit to prevent oil passing out of said tube. The bushing is
made with an enlarged upper portion or head which screws into the upper end of
the tube and rests with a collar bearing on top of said tube at the base of the cup.
Said bushing is also made in two longitudinal sections or halves, having perfora-
tions for supply of oil from the tube through them to the spindle, and with a lower

page_text: collar for steadying the bushing within the tube. This collar has one or more
passages in it for circulation of the oil, and rests upon a shoulder formed on the
spindle to prevent the spindle pulling out when doffing. A passage is also formed
in the tube on one side of the head of the bushing for establishing a circulation of
oil between the cup and the tube which tube is of sufficient capacity to keep up a
free supply of oil to the spindle.
The spindle which rests at its lower end in the step bearing is supported in its
upright position by the bushing. The whirl is constructed to form two reverse
cups, the lower one of which is inverted. The upper cup constitutes a taper socket
to receive within it a lower taper end of the bobbin and also to form an oil cup
below the bobbin which by its entry within the cup is driven through friction
by said cup or socket... The lower or inverted .cup.is.constructed. to. form a free
annular tongue and groove joint with the upper edge of the stationary cup on top
of the tube to prevent oil from passing out from the spindle or rather from the
tube and its cup within which the spindle rotates. A hole is made through the
whirl which passage is continued into the top of the bushing. This hole serves a
double purpose, viz-to form a feed aperture for the oil from the exterior to the
cup and from thence down into the reservoir or body of the tube and to admit of
the insertion of a key or wire into the head of the bushing to form a handle for
holding on to said bushing when it is necessary to unscrew or remove it by
reversing the motion of the spindle.
The tube which may pass through either one or two rails does not come in
contact with the spindle to form a bearing thereto but it forms an enlarged oil
reservoir and serves to hold the step bearing and bushing which support the
spindle and are not themselves supported by or brought in contact with the
rails. The cup of the tube which sits on top of the upper rail forms in conjunction
with the inverted cup on the underside of the whirl, a chamber to prevent the
possibility of escape of any oil and also to shut out all lint, dust or foreign
substances which the oil could be absorbed by or become mixed with and so choke
the running of the spindle.
By the hereinbefore described manner in which the bushing is fitted within the
tube it as well as the spindle (by the shoulder on the spindle below it) is prevented
from pulling out when doffing bobbins off the spindle and the construction of the
body, the bushing being of a reduced diameter, between its upper and lower ends
which fit the tube, leaves a space around the bushing for a free circulation of oil,
which oil finds ready access to the spindle, the perforations in the bushing assisting,
and so that the spindle swims as it were in oil.
i
By the concave construction of the underside of the whirl, the oil is thrown up
by the motion of the spindle, received on its concavity and thus caused to flow
down into the cup of the tube towards the spindle as a centre.
This concavity or inverted cup of the whirl has radial or other suitably shaped
grooves formed in it whereby the regular flow of the oil is broken and as the oil
accumulates in small quantities therein it is more readily thrown off than if the
flow was unbroken.
The dishing of the upper side of the whirl, not only serves to receive within it
the lower end of the bobbin and to make said whirl a friction driving holder of the
bobbin, but to form an oil cup for oil to pass into the cup of the tube through
the hole which receives when required, the key or wire and from which cup the
oil passes by the continuation of said hole down into the fixed cup of the tube and
from thence on down into the reservoir chamber of the tube.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Alexander Melville Clark in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 4th January 1883.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK of the Firm of A, M, and W, Clark of 53 Chancery
Lane in the County of Middlesex Patent Agents "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING
FRAMES A Communication to me from abroad by Gilman Jaquith, of Maysville,
in the County of Mason and State of Kentucky, United States of America
"B
This Invention more particularly relates to the bobbin spindles of spinning
frames and consists in various novel constructions and combinations of parts
including a tube forming an oil reservoir and support for a step bearing and
bushing within it which bearing and bushing hold up and guide the spindle that
rotates freely within the oil. The invention also includes a whirl of peculiar
construction and various other details and combinations of details whereby waste
of oil is avoided lint or dust is excluded from the spindle and from mixing with
the oil the whirl is made to form a friction driving spool holder and numerous
other advantages are obtained.
The Invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which similar letters
of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 represents an elevation of an outer tube whirl and bobbin within.
which the spindle is enclosed the whole being applied to the upper and lower rails
of a spinning frame. Figure 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of the same.
Figure 3 is a transverse section on the line - in Figure 2. Figures 4 and 5 are
sections drawn upon lines run through Figure 2. Figure 6 is an under view of
the whirl, and Figure 7 a longitudinal view of one half of a bushing used within
the tube in which the lower portion of the spindle is enclosed.
A indicates a tube arranged to extend through the rails S S¹ of the spinning
frame and with its top which projects above the upper rail enlarged to form a
cup b. Screwed into the lower end of this tube A is a step bearing B for the
spindle C said bearing closing with a shoulder joint against the bottom end of
the tube A with which it makes a tight fit to prevent oil from passing out of
said tube.
D is a bushing made with an enlarged upper portion or head which screws into
the upper end of the tube A and rests with a collar bearing on the top of said
tube at the base of the cup b. Said bushing is also made in two longitudinal
sections or halves having perforations c for supply of oil from the tube through
them to the spindle and with a lower collar d for steadying the bushing within
the tube. This collar d has one or more passages e (Figure 4) in it for circulation
of the oil and rests upon a shoulder c³ formed on the spindle to prevent the spindle
pulling out when doffing. A passage f is also formed in the tube A on one side of
the head of the bushing for establishing a circulation of oil between the cup band
the tube A which tube is of sufficient capacity to keep up a free supply of oil to
the spindle.
The spindle C which rests at its lower end in the step bearing B is supported
in its upright position by the bushing D.
E represents the whirl on the spindle for driving it and F is the bobbin fitted
over the upper portion of the spindle. The whirl E is constructed to form two
reverse cups g and h, the lower one h of which is inverted. The upper cup g
constitutes a taper socket to receive within it a lower taper end of the bobbin and
also to form an oil cup below the bobbin which by its entry within the cup g is
driven through friction by said cup or socket g. The lower or inverted cup his
.

page_text: constructed to form a free annular tongue and groove joint with the upper edge of
the stationary cup 6 on top of the tube to prevent oil from passing out from
the spindle or rather from the tube and its cup within which the spindle
rotates.
A hole is made through the whirl, which passage is continued as shown at k
into the top of the bushing. This hole serves a double purpose vis;-to form a
feed aperture for the oil from the exterior to the cup b and from thence down into
the reservoir or body of the tube A and to admit of the insertion of a key or
wire into the head of the bushing.D to form a handle for holding on to said
bushing when it is necessary to unscrew or remove it by reversing the motion of
the spindle.
'
The tube A which may pass through either one or two rails S Si does not it
will be observed come in contact with the spindle C. to form a bearing thereto
but it forms an enlarged oil reservoir and serves to hold the step, bearing B and
bushing D which support the spindle and are not themselves supported by or
brought in contact with the rails.
The cup 6 which sits on top of the upper rail S forms in conjunction with the
inverted cup h on the under side of the whirl, a chamber to prevent the
possibility of escape of any oil, and also to shut out all lint dust or foreign
substances which the oil could be absorbed by or become mixed with and so chokė
the running of the spindle.
By the herein before described manner in which the bushing D is fitted within
the tube it as well as the spindle (by the shoulder on the spindle below it) is
prevented from pulling out when doffing bobbins off the spindle, and the con-
struction of the body the bushing being of a reduced diameter between its upper
and lower ends which fit the tube leaves a space around the bushing for a free
circulation of oil which oil finds ready access to the spindle, the perforations in the
bushing assisting and so that the spindle swims as it were in oil.
By the concave construction of the under side of the whirl E the oil is thrown
up by the motion of the spindle received on its concavity and thus caused to flow
down into the cup b towards the spindle as a centre. This concavity or inverted
cup. h of the whirl has radial or other suitably shaped grooves m formed in it as
shown in Figure 6 whereby the regular flow of the oil is broken and as the oil
accumulates in small quantities thereon it is more readily thrown off than if the
flow was unbroken. The dishing of the upper side of the whirl not only serves to
receive within it the lower end of the bobbin and to make said whirl a friction
driving holder of the bobbin but to form an oil cup g for oil to pass into the cup b
through the hole which receives when required the key or wire and from which
cup the oil passes by the continuation of said hole down into the fixed cup b and
from thence on down into the reservoir chamber of the tube A through the
aperture f
The advantages of this Invention are a great saving of oil also of labor in
cleaning oiling and keeping the spindles in good running order less wear and tear
of the parts reduced liability to breakage of yarn ends less waste and a reduced
number of bad places in the thread. Another advantage is as the spindle always
runs in oil there will invariably be a sufficient amount of oil between the spindle
and the bearing to form an elastic cushion which will serve to destroy tremble or
jar and convey an easier motion to the traveller and consequently an easier and
more uniform tension to the thread thereby reducing the liability to breakage of
the thread with all its attendant difficulties and objections as regards piecing and
waste and withall allowing a greater speed of the spindle with consequent increased
production in a given time.
Having described the nature of the said Invention and the manner of performing
the same I declare that what I claim as the Invention to be protected by the
herein before in- part recited Letters Patent is ;-
1. The combination with the spindle C of the tube A having an enlarged upper
portion or cup 6 the bushing D having a collar d resting upon a shoulder c³ of
b
I

page_text: spindle and constructed in longitudinal sections or halves and the step bearing B
substantially as and for the purposes specified.
2. The whirl E constructed to form an upper oil cup g and friction - driving
socket or bearing for the lower end of the bobbin and with a concave under
surface having grooves m in it essentially as and for the purposes herein described.
3. The whirl E constructed with upper and lower reverse cups g h provided
with an oil passage connecting the two cups substantially as described.
4. The combination with a whirl E having an oil passage therethrough of the
screw headed bushing D having a hole k and the tube A having a passage ƒ between
it and the head of the bushing as and for the purposes described.
5. The bushing D constructed with a screw threaded head on its upper end
enlarged lower portion d and a reduced perforated waist or body substantially as
and for the purposes specified.
-
6. A bobbin spindle with its outer tube and whirl constructed substantially as
shewn and described and whereby when combined with the bobbin the spindle is
enclosed throughout its length lint and dust are excluded and a perfect lubrication
of the spindle is secured essentially as specified.
In witness whereof I the said Alexander Melville Clark have hereunto set my
hand and seal this third day of January in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty three.