Improvements in Oil or Hydro-carbon Motors.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Dec., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 31st Aug., 1892-Accepted, 15th Oct., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Oil or Hydro-carbon Motors.
We, JAMES EDWARDES WEYMAN, GEORGE HITCHCOCK and JAMES ARTHUR
DRAKE, of The Church Acre Iron Works, Guildford, in the County of Surrey,
Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of our invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN OIL OR HYDRO CARBON MOTORS," to be as follows:-
Our improvements relate to the manner in which the explosive charge of vapor
and air is ignited in the cylinder of the engine and is applicable to engines using
the heavier oils or the lighter hydro-carbons and consists of an oil lamp placed at
the end of the vaporiser the said lamp being provided with a chimney of special
shape lined with asbestos or other equivalent material. The chimney being so
formed and constructed that a sufficient amount of radiant heat is obtained to heat
an ignition tube, such as is commonly used in gas engines, to a temperature
sufficiently high to ignite the explosive mixture without the aid of an electrical
apparatus.
The vaporiser however when working under certain conditions becomes too hot
and would unless the temperature were regulated, convert or partially convert, the
oil or oil vapor into gas, a condition of things to be avoided owing to the tarry
products of the gas tending to clog in the cylinder.and working parts of the
engine.
In order therefore to regulate the temperature of the vaporiser to a nicety and
to keep it below the gas making stage, we employ a small air pump or fan which
is.driven by the engine and from which a blast, of air can be projected onto certain
parts of the vaporiser thereby cooling, regulating and equalising the temperature
of, the same.
Dated this 1st day of December 1891.
R. HEBER RADFORD,
Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Oil or Hydro-carbon Motors.
We, JAMES EDWARDES WEYMAN, GEORGE HITCHCOCK and JAMES ARTHUR
DRAKE, of The Church Acre Iron Works, Guildford, in the County of Surrey,
Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of our invention, for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN OIL OR HYDRO-CARBON MOTORS," and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Our improvements relate to the manner in which the explosive charge of vapor
and air is ignited in the cylinder of the engine and is applicable to engines using
the heavier oils or the lighter hydro-carbons, and consists of an oil lamp placed at
the end of the vaporiser, the said lamp being provided with a chimney of special
shape lined with asbestos or other equivalent material. The chimney being so
formed and constructed that a sufficient amount of radiant heat is obtained to heat
an ignition tube, such as is commonly used in gas engines, to a temperature
sufficiently high to ignite the explosive mixture without the aid of an electrical
apparatus.
The vaporiser however when working under certain conditions becomes too hot

page_text: and would unless the temperature were regulated, convert or partially convert the
oil or oil vapor into gas; a condition of things to be avoided owing to the tarry
products of the gas tending to clog in the cylinder and working parts of the
engine.
In order therefore to regulate the temperature of the vaporiser to a nicety and
to keep it below the gas making stage, we employ a small air pump or fan which is
driven by the engine and from which a blast of air can be projected on to certain
parts of the vaporiser thereby cooling, regulating and equalising the temperature
of the same.
As a modification of the above arrangement for supplying air we connect the
air passage, by means of a branch pipe and a three way cock, to the air valve of
the motor, so that by turning the cock more or less, the air required for the use
of the engine is either drawn wholly or in part through this passage; when drawn
through this passage a certain amount of heat would be taken up and conserved.
The nature of our invention will be better understood on reference to the accom-
panying 2 sheets of drawings in which,
Figs. 1 and 2, Sheet 1, illustrate a sectional elevation and end view of the
apparatus and appliances for igniting the explosive charge in the cylinder of
the engine, comprising the improved form of oil lamps placed at the end of the
vaporiser, by means of which an ignition tube placed either vertically or horizon-
tally may be heated to a sufficiently high temperature to heat the explosive
mixture.
Figs. 3 and 4, Sheet 1, illustrate in a similar manner apparatus and appliances
with a somewhat modified form in the lower part of the lamp for the purpose of
creating additional draught.
Figs. 5 and 6, Sheet 2, shew a longitudinal and cross section and Figs. 7 and 8,
shew a longitudinal section and plan of a vaporiser provided with the means for
Joling, regulating and equalizing the temperature of the same, by constructing
air chambers or passages through which air may be induced or drawn or passed
by natural circulation, or through which air may be projected from an air pump or
fan driven by the engine.
Figs. 9 and 10 represent cross sections of a similar vaporiser with an enlarged
air chamber or passage to be used as a cooling medium either by the natural or
induced or forced circulation of air as herein previously described.
The same letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
a, is the oil lamp,
b, is the vaporiser,
c, is the lamp chimney,
d, is the asbestos lining,
e, is the ignition tube,
f, is the funnel shaped bottom of the lamp,
9,
is the air tube or passage to the same,
h, is the pipe communicating with the oil reservoir,
i, is an additional length of chimney for increasing the draught and obtaining
greater heat,
j, is a screwed joint connecting the funnel to the lamp,
k, Sheet 2, is the air passage formed inside the vaporiser for the circulation
of air,
1, is an enlarged air chamber or passage,
m, is a lid by which the air passage can be closed when heating up the vaporiser
before starting or before it gets too hot,
n, is the pipe or connection through which a blast of air can be projected into
the air passages and chambers, k and l, of the vaporiser from an air pump or fan
driven by the engine or this pipe n, may be connected by means of a three way
cock to the air valve of the engine and the air required for the use of the engine
drawn therethrough as already previously described.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is,
1. In oil or hydro-carbon motors the combination of parts and appliances com-
prising an oil lamp of special shape and construction placed at the end of the
vaporiser, the said oil lanip having a cone shaped base and passage for the supply
of air and provided with a telescopic or jointed chimney lined with asbestos or
other equivalent material by means of which lamp, an ignition tube such as is
commonly used in gas engines may be heated to a temperature sufficiently high to
ignite the explosive mixture in the cylinder of the engine, without the aid of an
electrical apparatus in the manner and for the purposes substantially as herein
described and illustrated.
2. In the vaporiser of an oil or hydro-carbon motor the combination of parts
and appliances comprising the air passages or chambers with or without lids or
slides and the pipes or conductors by means of which a blast of air can be projected
from an air pump or fan or other equivalent appliance or through which air
passages or chambers a current of air is drawn by the action of the piston of the
engine when taking in the charge, so as to bring the air in contact with certain
parts of the vaporiser thereby cooling the external surfaces thereof so as to
regulate and equalise the temperature of the same in the manner and for the
purposes substantially as herein described and illustrated.
Dated this 29th day of August 1892
R. HEBER, RADFORD,
Agent for the Applicants.