Improvements in Wet Spinning-frames for Flax and like Fibres.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Jan., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 12th Sept., 1890-Accepted, 18th Oct., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wet Spinning-frames for Flax and like Fibres.
YORK STREET FLAX SPINNING COMPANY, LIMITED, Belfast, per Robert Henry
Reade, Director of the said Company and HUGH MCKIBBIN, Mechanic, in the employ-
ment of the said Company do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
These improvements in Wet Spinning Frames consist of novel arrangements for
building pirns or cops on wet spinning frames for flax and such like fibres.
To build wet yarns during the process of spinning in the form of pirns or cops, it
is necessary to continually change the position of the pirn or cop in relation to the eye
of the flyer, or the traveller, in ring spinning, and also to vary the amount of drag
upon the pirn, according to the diameter of the part upon which the yarn is being
wound, and this invention consists of novel arrangements for doing these.
This invention consists in the application of differential gear between the builder
shaft and the ordinary quadrant or rack employed for giving the to and fro motion of
the traverse.
The differential gear consists of three toothed wheels one of which is attached to the
builder shaft and is in gear with a wheel carried upon a lever which swings upon the
builder shaft, this swinging wheel also gears into another wheel, which is loose upon
the builder shaft but is held or moved by a worm wheel attached to it and which is
controlled by a worm that is turned at suitable intervals by a ratchet wheel acted upon
by a pall or catch worked by the traverse motion.
The middle or carrier wheel is swung backwards or forwards by the lever that carries
it and which is connected to the ordinary quadrant or traverse rack,-thus the traverse
motion is given to the builder through its shaft, but at a different place after each
traverse owing to the controlling wheel being turned at each traverse by the ratchet
wheel.
To obtain equal density in the pirn, there is attached to the quadrant a cam or wiper
which acts upon the chain that connects the quadrant to the lever carrying the central
wheel on the builder shaft, causing it to move quicker as the yarn is being wound on
the small part of the pirn, and slower at the large part.
To move the drag bands according to the diameter of the part of the pirn upon
which the yarn is being wound the nicked bar which carries the loose weighted end of
the drag band is moved endwise to and fro on the builder by means of a stud on the
nicked bar which moves up and down in a slotted slide. This slotted slide is moved
to and fro horizontally by means of an adjustable angular slot which is caused to move
up and down in the opposite direction to the builder or bobbin rail by angular slides
moved out and in by the quadrant.
The introduction of the differential motion between the quadrant and the builder
shaft and the adjustable angular slot for varying the amount of drag makes it an easy
matter to alter existing frames that are adapted for spinning on to bobbins into frames
for spinning wet yarns in the form of pirns or cops.
Dated this Eighth day of January 1890.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wet Spinning-frames for Flax and like Fibres.
THE YORK STREET FLAX SPINNING COMPANY LIMITED, Belfast, per Robert Henry
Reade, Managing Director, and. HUGH MCKIBBIN, Mechanic, in the employ of the
said Company, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
These improvements in Wet Spinning Frames consist of novel arrangements of
mechanism for building pirns or cops on wet spinning frames for flax and such like
fibres. ..
To build wet yarns during the process of spinning in the form of pirns or cops, it is
necessary to continually change the position of the pirn or cop in relation to the eye
of the flyer, or the traveller in ring spinning, and also to vary the amount of drag
upon the pirn, according to the diameter of the part upon which the yarn is being
wonnd, and to the gradually increasing weight of the cop.
The peculiar arrangements or apparatus employed, and constituting the subject of
our invention, are illustrated in the accompanying drawings:
-
Fig. 1 is a sectional end view of so much of an ordinary wet spinning frame as is
necessary to shew the application of the invention thereto; and
Fig. 2 is a side view of the same.
In these views, we have shewn the adaptation of the well known differential gear to
the modifying of the rising and falling movements of the builder rail, and the com-
bination therewith of an automatically adjustable drag.
.
Figs. 3, 4 and 5 are detached views, on a larger scale, of parts of the apparatus
employed for varying the amount of drag.
Figs. 6 and 7-are details, drawn to a larger scale, of a modified form of differential
motion, for varying the position of the pirn or cop in relation to the eye of the flyer,
or the traveller in ring spinning.
In all these views, and in the following description, the same letters and figures of
reference are employed to indicate the same or like parts.
Our invention may be described as relating, firstly, to the application of differential
motion gear between the builder shaft a and the ordinary quadrant or rack & employed
for giving the up and down movements to the builder rail, and secondly, to means for
moving the drag bands c¹, according to the diameter of the part of the pirn upon which
the yarn is being wound, and also according to the bulk of the pirn, or the amount of
yarn thereon.
The differential motion gear consists of three bevil wheels, one of which, a¹, is
attached to the builder shaft a, and is in gear with a wheel a² carried upon a lever d,
which swings upon the builder shaft a. This swinging wheel a' also gears into another
wheel as, which is loose upon the builder shaft a, but is held or moved by a worm
wheel e attached to it, and which is controlled by a worm e¹. This worm e' is made
fast to a shaft e*. which is turned at suitable intervals by a ratchet wheel e² keyed
thereto. Into the teeth of this ratchet wheel takes a pawl or catch e³, pivotted to a
sliding bar g, and worked by the traverse motion.
The middle or carrier wheel a² is swung backwards or forwards by the lever d that
carries it, and which is connected by a rod d' to the ordinary quadrant or traverse
rack 6; thus, the traverse motion is given to the builder rail c through its shaft a, but
at a different place after each traverse, owing to the controlling wheel a³ being turned
or advanced one or more teeth at each traverse through the worm e¹ and ratchet
wheel e².
To obtain equal density in the pirn, when a chain is used to connect the quadrant
with the swinging lever d, a cam or wiper may be attached to the quadrant in such a
position that it will bend, and so shorten the coupling chain as to quicken the move-
ment of the builder when the yarn is being wound on the small part of the conical
surface of the pirn, and slacken the movement of the builder as the yarn is being

page_text: wound on the larger diameter. This effect it is, however, preferred to obtain by using
the rod d (Figs. 1 and 2) to connect the quadrant b to the lever d which carries the
central wheel a of the differential motion gear. The connecting rod d' is attached to
the quadrant 6 through a fixed stud adjustable in a slot of the quadrant. The object
of this adjustment is to vary the length of the cone of the pirn to be spun, as may be
desired.
The arrangements to move the drag bands c¹, according to the diameter of the part
of the pirn upon which the yarn is being wound, and also according to the bulk of
the pirn, or the amount of yarn thereon, are as follows:-
The nicked bar 2, shewn in face view, on an enlarged scale, at Fig. 3, carries the
weighted end of the drag band c', and is moved endwise to and fro on the builder rail c by
means of a stud cs on the nicked bar c², which moves up and down in a slotted slide f.
This slotted slide f is moved to and fro horizontally by means of a stud f1, working in
an angular slot g adjustable on the top of a vertical sliding bar g', working in guides
on the framing. This bar g' is caused to move up and down in the opposite direction
to the builder or bobbin rail c by an angular slide 92 fitting and working in a slot in
the bar; the angular slide g² is moved out and in by a stud b¹ on the quadrant b.
The variation in the amount of drag, according to the bulk of the pirn, or the
amount of the yarn thereon, is obtained by making the slotted slide fas shewn at Fig. 3,
so that as the builder e gradually descends as the pirns increase in bulk, the nicked
bar c² will move to and fro end wise in a different place, so as to gradually increase the
mean amount of drag as the pirns increase in bulk.
A similar effect is also obtained by dispensing with the slotted slide f, and sub-
stituting therefor an angled guiding slot attached to the top of the vertical slide g¹,
shown in front view at Fig. 4 and side view at Fig. 5, but in this case the motion of
the vertical slide g₁ is in the saire direction, and greater than that of the builder c; it
also occurs at the same time. These effects are secured by reversing the position of
the angled horizontal sliding bar g² (see Fig. 5).
The introduction of the differential motion between the quadrant 6 and the builder
shaft a and the adjustable angular slot on the vertical slide bar g¹, together with the
angular slotted slide for h, for varying the amount of drag, makes it an easy matter
to alter existing frames that are adapted for spinning onto bobbins, into frames for
spinning wet yarns in the form of pirns or cops.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The arrangement of mechanism above described with reference to the drawings,
whereby the rise and fall of the builder rail is caused to regulate the drag on the pirn
or cop, and thereby ensure the formation of firm pirns or cops without the intervention
of the spinner.
2. The use of the differential motion described, for the purpose of lowering gradually
the traverse of the builder rail.
3. The mechanism described with reference to Figs. 3, 4, and 5, for transmitting
the reciprocating motions of the quadrant 6 to the nicked bar c, or its equivalent, for
the purpose of varying the amount of drag upon the pirn, both in relation to the
diameter of the part upon which the yarn is being wound, and to the increasing bulk
or weight of the pirn.
Dated this 12th day of September 1890.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicants.