IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCK OB JAN NUTS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Fletcher Wiles, of Sun Court, Cornhill,
in the City of London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCK
OB JAN NUTS."
Sealed the 6th August 1875, and dated the 16th June 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John' Fletcher Wiles
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 16th June 1875.
I, JOHN FLETCHER WILES, of Sun Court, Cornhill, in the City of
London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for “I■-
PROVEMENTS IN LOCK OR JAM NUTs," to be as follows :-
The Invention has for its object improvements in lock or jam nuts.
For this purpose instead of employing one nut to jam another upon the
bolt or screw as heretofore I, according to my Invention, employ a
single nut, which is cut or split almost into two in a plane across the
axis of the bolt or screw, the two parts being connected together by a
small piece, In connection with this split nut I employ a screw, bolt,

page_text: wedge, key, or pin acting to force the two parts of the nut towards or
apart from each other at their split ends; or if desired two separate nuts
may be employed, in which case instead of jamming the one upon the
other as heretofore they may be forced apart or towards each other by
the means herein-before described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Fletcher Wiles in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 16th December 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
FLETCHER WILES, of Sun Court, Cornhill, in the City of London, send ;
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Fletcher Wiles, Her special
license that I, the said John Fletcher Wiles, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Fletcher
Wiles, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCK OR JAM NUTS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said John Fletcher Wiles, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Fletcher Wiles, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same

page_text: is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :—
The Invention has for its object improvements in lock or jam nuts.
For this purpose instead of employing one nut to jam another upon the
bolt or screw as heretofore I, according to my Invention, employ a
single nut, which is made in the usual manner, but is cut or split almost
into two by sawing or slotting in a plane across the axis of the bolt or
screw, the two parts being connected together by a small piece. In
connection with this split nut I employ a screw, bolt, wedge, key, or pin
acting to force the two parts of the nut towards or apart from each
other at their split ends; or if desired two separate nuts may be
employed, in which case instead of jamming the one upon the other as
heretofore they may be forced apart or towards each other by the means
herein-before described.

page_text: b
the lock or jam nut together, as will be well understood; or as shown at
Figure 5 the two parts 6º, 6º, of the nut 6 may be forced apart from each
other to jam or lock them on a screw or bolt by means of a forcing
screw c' tapped into the part b', and pressing when turned in one
direction upon the part 6º; or the two parts 6³, b³, of the nut 6 may bo
forced apart to lock or jam the nut & upon a bolt or screw by means of
a tapered screw d working in a suitable thread or female screw formed
in the parts b³, b', as shown at Figures 6 and 7; or instead of employing
a tapered screw d for such purpose a plain tapered pin, key, or wedge
may be employed, as will be well understood.
b
I would here remark that instead of cutting or splitting the nut 6 in
a line parallel with the top and bottom of the nut, as shown, the split
or cut 6' may be made at an angle thereto, as shown by dotted lines at
Figure 4.
If desired however the screw, bolt, wedge, key, or pin acting to force
the two parts of the nut towards or apart from cach other may be
dispensed with, in which case the nut divided nearly into two in manner
herein-before described would have the two parts thercof sprung
permanently towards or apart from each other by means of pressure, or
by wedging in the process of manufacture, by which means when the
nut is applied to a bolt or screw the clasticity between the two parts
will tend to hold the nut firmly in position.
If desired however instead of employing a single nut 6 cut nearly into
two as herein-before shown and described two separate nuts may be
employed, as shown at Figure 8, in which case I prefer to connect the
two together by means of a stud or projection e on the one passing
into a hole or recess in the other, a collar or distance piece e¹
being employed to keep the two nuts 63, 6, apart the proper distance, a
screw o being preferably employed to force the nuts 63, 6, towards each
other to lock or jam the nuts upon a bolt or screw; or if desired the
pin e and collar or distance picce e³ may be dispensed with, or either of
them may be employed without the other, and any of the arrangements
herein-before described may be employed to force the nuts 63, 6º, towards
or away from each other when on a screw or bolt for the purpose of
locking or jamming them thereon.
I would here remark that in the arrangements represented at Figures 1

page_text: spanner or other tool, as the locking means do not project from the sides
thereof; and I would further remark that in carrying my Invention into
effect I prefer to employ nuts rather deeper than usual.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the mode
in which I carry the same into effect, I would have it understood that
what I claim is,―
Firstly. The improved lock or jam nut consisting of a nut constructed
in the ordinary manner, but being split or divided nearly into two parts
by sawing or slotting in manner and for the purpose substantially as
herein shown and described.
Secondly. The improved lock or jam nut consisting of a nut made
in the usual manner, but cut or divided nearly into two by sawing or
slotting, and having the two parts forced towards or away from each
other by means of a screw, bolt, wedge, key, or pin, in manner sub-
stantially as herein shown and described.
And, Thirdly. I claim, when employing two separate nuts as lock
nuts, locking or jamming them upon a bolt or screw by forcing them
towards or away from cach other by means of a screw, bolt, wedge, key,
or pin, in manner substantially as herein shown and described in respect
to Figure 8.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Fletcher Wiles, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of December