Improvements relating to the Working of Aluminium, and to Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Oct., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 14th July, 1896-Accepted, 22nd Aug., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to the Working of Aluminium, and to
Apparatus therefor.
We, JAMES GEORGE ACCLES of Perry Barr, near Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, and JAMES PINFOLD of No. 233 Park Road Aston in the County
of Warwick, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
Our invention relates to the working of aluminium by forcing it through a die
or dies and to apparatus for raising and maintaining the aluminium to and at such
a temperature that it will be sufficiently plastic to undergo the forcing operation.
According to our invention aluminium in a molten or plastic state is placed in a
suitable steel cylinder or receiver provided with a plunger or ram and a removable
die or dies of any required form fitted in the end of said ram somewhat after the
manner adopted for squirting lead.
In order to ensure the maintenance of the temperature of the aluminium at such
a point that the metal will be sufficiently plastic, we surround the aforesaid cylinder
containing the aluminium with another vessel containing lead, which latter is beated
and kept in a molten state by gas, or oil jets, or flames, or by other means arranged
outside the vessel. The lead may in this way be raised in temperature considerably
above its melting point so that the aluminium within the inner vessel can be readily
raised to and maintained at the temperature best suited to facilitate the operation
of forcing it through the die or dies.
Other metals or alloys may be used instead of lead, if desired, provided their
melting points are lower than the melting point of aluminium.
It is obviously important that the aluminium should not be heated to the melting
point otherwise on passing through the die it might not be cooled sufficiently to enable
it to retain its shape.
Dated this 11th day of October 1895
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.
Improvements relating to the Working of Aluminium, and to
Apparatus therefor.
We, JAMES GEORGE ACCLES, of Perry Barr, near Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, and JAMES PINFOLD, of 233 Park Road, Aston, in the County of
Warwick, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to the working of aluminium and its alloys by forcing it
through or into a die or dies and to apparatus for maintaining the metal at such
temperature that it will be sufficiently plastic to undergo the forcing or pressing
operation without experiencing the great pressure and the deterioration which

page_text: accompany the pressing or squirting of aluminium and its alloys at ordinary
temperatures.
In order to ensure the maintenance of the temperature of the aluminium at such
a point that the metal will be sufficiently plastic, we surround the cylinder of the
squirting" press, preferably, with lead which is heated and kept in a molten state
by gas or oil jets, or flames, or by other means arranged outside the containing
vessel. The lead may in this way be raised in temperature considerably above its
melting point, so that the aluminium can be readily maintained at the temperature
best suited to facilitate the operation of working it with the die or dies which is or
are also kept hot by the same means. The aluminium is supplied to the squirting
press in a heated and plastic state.
"
In the accompanying explanatory drawings :-
Figure 1 is a ecctional elevation, and
Figure 2 is a plan of part of a 'squirting" press, illustrating a method of
carrying our invention into effect when squirting" aluminium into rods or tubes
of any required form or section.
65
Figure 3 illustrates partly in sectional eleration a modification of the same.
Figure is an elevation partly in section, and
Figure 5 is a plan of a screw press for "squirting" aluminium into rods or tubes
and illustrating our invention.
Figure 6 illustrates a method of adapting our invention to ordinary pressing or
stamping dies.
Similar letters indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a represents the ram and the cylinder of a
"squirting" press. Around the cylinder is another cylinder or easing c, and
between the cylinders & and c is a space containing lead, or other metal or alloy d,
having a lower melting point than the aluminium. The metal is kept at the proper
temperature by means of gas or oil jets or flames e applied to the outside of the
cylinder or casing c. The die is fixed upon the end of the ram a nod the
aluminium g placed within the cylinder 6 as shewn so that when the ram is
moved downwards the aluminium in a plastic state is forced through the die ƒ and
out through the openinga h in the ram.
In Figure 3 the die instead of being fixed upon the ram a, is carried in the
bottom of the cylinder b and the metal on being forced through the die passes
out through an opening in the base of the press.
In the modification shewn in Figures 4 and 5, the ram a carrying the die is
operated by means of a screw j and a worm k and wheel 1. The worm-wheel /
carried upon the framing m of the press is screw threaded internally to fit the serow j
and has teeth upon its periphory which gear with the worm & upon the shaft n so
that by rotating the shaft in one direction or the other the wheel is caused to
raise or lower the ram a. The shaft n is driven through the pulleys, o, p, the large
pulley being used for lowering the ram a at a moderate speed, and the pulley p
for effecting a quick-return. Jo operation, the rain a is first withdrawn from the
cylinder b, and the aluminium is poured or introduced into the said cylinder. The
ram is then inserted and the aluminium is forced through the die and out through
the opening, in the screw, by the downward movement of the ram.
0
I
In Figure 6 a pair of dies 1' are shewn by which tho plastic aluminium g is
pressed into the required shape, the die being maintained at the required tem-
perature by the gas or oil jets e through the medium of the molten lead or other
metal d as in the modifications previously described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our snid inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The method of pressing or "squirting" aluminium or an alloy thereof by
pressing it through or into a die or dies while maintaining it in a plastic state by
means of heat applied in the manner substantially as described.

page_text: 2. Apparatus for "squirting" aluminium and its alloys consisting of a die or
dies, a ram, and a cylinder or receiver which can be heated to a temperature below
the melting point of the metal to be treated so as to maintain the said metal in a
plastic state while "squirting" it, substantially as described.
3. Apparatus constructed substantially as described with reference to Figures 1
and 2 or to Figure 3 or to Figures 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings for the
purpose specified.
4. Apparatus for pressing or stamping aluminium and its alloys consisting of a
die or dies, and means for heating the same so as to maintain the metal in a
plastic state while pressing or stamping it, substantially as described.
5. Apparatus constructed substantially as described with reference to Figure 6
of the accompanying drawings for the purpose specified.
Dated this 14th day of July 1896.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.