IMPROVEMENTS IN COUPLINGS CLUTCHES AND PULLEYS AND IN THE MEANS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Greenwood of Elland in the County of York
Engineers tool maker for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN COUPLINGS
CLUTCHES AND PULLEYS AND IN THE MEANS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
THE SAME
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Greenwood at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th September 1883.
THOMAS GREENWOOD of Elland in the county of York. Engineers Tool Maker.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COUPLINGS CLUTCHES, AND PULLEYS, AND IN THE MEANS
USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME.
"
The object of my invention is to construct, couplings and clutches so as to be
cheap, simple, durable, and effective, all the holes in the same being made and
finished by means of chills.
I construct my improved friction clutch coupling which I put into gear by two
toggles, one end being V or centre shaped to expand the internal cylinder upon
which the friction is placed forming the other shaft, coupling the other ends of the
toggles are round or ball shaped the toggles are put in and out of gear by levers
and links connected to a sliding grooved collar and operated by a hand lever: the
coupling carrying the sliding collar, also forms the bearing for the other shaft to
revolve in when out of gear, by a fixed bush and collar, so that the shafting has no
end play. The couplings are fixed on the shaft by half bushes (preferably in
malleable iron) which fit into the conical chilled holes in the couplings, the half
bushes having projections which fit into corresponding recesses in the couplings and
with keyways cast in two of the half bushes, so that a hollow or feathered key can
also be used, the holes in the couplings may be chilled or unchilled, another
arrangement of clutch coupling consists in friction and positive drivers, combined
the friction is only to start the idle shaft, without the weight of machinery on it
so that the positive stud drivers can be put in gear without any shock being felt,
the friction to be ungeared when the idle is up to the speed before positive gearing,
friction to be done by cones (faced with leather or other suitable substance) by &
and the positive driving by a number of studs passing through the flange couplings

page_text: operating as before described by a sliding collar and hand lever, and also with
sliding collar telescopic form to bear on the other collar and flange of the coupling
with loose featherway key, the fixings and internal bearings being as before
described this coupling to have chilled or unchilled holes. Or I make a positive
driving clutch coupling with a spiral spring in the chambered part of the collar, or
by the spring attached to the hand lever when a sliding clutch is used throwing the
shaft out of gear instantaneously when in gear a catch on the collar engages with
a notch or recess on the boss of the couplings the catch is disengaged by a guard
held in suspense by a cord or wire passing along the line of shafting when operated
by accident or otherwise, also with internal fixings as before described chilled or
unchilled. Also I construct a plain flange coupling with the internal half bush
tapering from the centre in halves with projections to fit recesses, in the couplings
also the key ways are cast on one half of the sleeve of bush, and with holes in the
coupling chilled as before stated.
I construct my improved sleeve or muff coupling with the chilled taper hole, all
one way, the internal bushes are cast in halves and have projections and keyways
as before described, so that a hollow or feather way key may be used for additional
Becurity if required a screw at right angles to the shaft may be used or holes in
the couplings may be made one half couical and, enlarged to allow for bushes on.
one side only and the other half of the hole the same size as the shaft.
I also construct my chills for splitting cast and wrought iron pulleys, parallel
holes and of peculiar form so as to form the key way, and the hole for the shaft
with splitting plate which the chill carries, also the cores-for the bolt holes.
The malleable iron bushes are in halves with the key way and projections cast
so as not to require boring or cutting but cleaned and fixed on a mandrill, so that
their facings can be planed or turned, when driven into the coupling the shaft will
be concentric with the chilled taper hole, the above clutches are applicable for
driving pulleys wheels and other machinery.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Thomas Greenwood in the Patent Office on the 17th March 1884.
THOMAS GREENWOOD of Elland in the county of York. Engineers Tool Maker
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COUPLINGS, CLUTCHES, AND PULLEYS, AND IN THE MEANS
USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME,"
The object of my invention is to construct couplings and clutches, so as to be
cheap, simple durable and effective, all the holes in the same, being made and
finished by means of chills.
I construct my improved friction clutch coupling, which I put into gear by two
toggles, one end being V or centre shaped to expand the internal cylinder, which is
in halves, and which is connected by studs or drivers to the shaft coupling, the
external cylinder upon which the friction is placed forming the other shaft
coupling, the ends of. the toggles are round or ball shaped, the toggles are put in
and out of gear by levers and links connected to a sliding grooved collar, and
operated by a hand lever, the coupling carrying the sliding collar also forms the
bearing for the other shaft to revolve on when out of gear, with or without a fixed
bush and collar so that the shafting has no end play.
The couplings are fixed on the shaft by half bushes (preferably in malleable
iron) which fit into the conical chilled holes in the couplings, the half bushes
having projections which fit into corresponding recesses in the couplings and with
keyways cast in two of the half bushes so that a hollow or feathered key can also
be used, the boles in the couplings are chilled or unchilled; another arrangement of
clutch coupling consists in friction, and positive drivers combined; or I make a
positive driving clutch coupled with a spiral spring in the chambered part of the
collar, or on stud drivers by springs attached to the hand lever, when a sliding
clutch is used for throwing the shaft out of gear instantaneously, when in gear a
catch on the collar engages with a notch or recess on the boss of the coupling the
catch is disengaged by a guard held in suspense, by a cord or wire passing along
the line of shafting when operated by accident or otherwise, also with internal
fixings as before described, with chilled or unchilled holes; also I construct a plain
flange coupling with the internal half bush tapering from the centre in halves with
projections to fit recesses in the couplings, also the keyway is cast on one half
sleeve or bush, and with holes in the coupling chilled as stated before.
I construct my improved sleeve or inuff coupling with the chilled taper hole, all
one way, the internal bushes are cast in halves and have projections and keyways
as before described so that a hollow, or feather way key way be used for additional
security if required; a screw at right angles to the shaft may be used; or holes in
the couplings may be made, one half conical and enlarged to allow for bushes on
one side only, and the other half of the hole the same size as the shaft.
I also construct my chills for splitting cast and wrought iron pulleys, with
parallel holes, and of peculiar form so as to form the keyway, and the hole for the
shaft with splitting plates which also carries the cores for the bolt holes.
Malleable or cast iron bushes in halves, with projections, cast with four facings
to be planed or finished by milling cutter to a flat or radius, larger than its
nominal size, so that a larger or smaller shaft will never leave the facings so that
they will bear on the shaft, at four places, the full length of the sleeve similar to
four hollow keys, when driven into the couplings the shaft will be concentric with
the chilled taper hole, the above clutches are applicable for driving pulley wheels.
and other machinery.

page_text: Such being the nature and object of this my said invention in order that the
same may be fully understood I have hereunto annexed two sheets of drawing
illustrative thereof and have marked the same with figures and letters of reference
similar letters refering to similar parts throughout the several views.

page_text: themselves, and are always tight upon the shaft. When the coupling is also
prepared for the key, (see Fig. 9) the extra facing M, must be cast at the outside,
two keys may be used, and the heads of both keys may be outside because when
the outer parts of the couplings are driven off, the sleeve can then be taken off the
keys, so that the keys never require driving out, and the keyway in the sleeve, is
cut at the same time that the two facings are, planed, so that the coupling may be
made so as to be used, either with keys, or with the round steel drivers besides
being equal to any other friction coupling when the friction alone is depended on ;
but as it is found from experience, that friction cannot be depended on, even when
all is done that can possibly be done to make them drive there must be a great
number of failures when unskilled persons have to fix them but, with the above
positive driving coupling even unskilled persons, can always depend on giving
complete satisfaction.
Sheet 2. Figs 10. 11 and 12 shew my positive driving spring clutch with stud
drivers B, upon the studs are spiral springs C, C, when in gear; catch D on the
collar E engages with a notch or recess F, on the boss G of the coupling, the catch
is disengaged by a guard H, held in suspense by a cord or wire passing along the
line of shafting when operated by accident or otherwise; or the clutch may be
used with internal fixings as before described. Fig. 12 shews a hand lever J,
with spring K and balance weight L for throwing the shaft out of gear
instantaneously, when sliding clutches are used the lever is pivotted at M and
engages with the stud P, for moving the sliding collar, and is held in position by
a pin N, to which the wire above described is attached, on the pin being drawn
the spring pulls down the lever, and throws the clutch out of gear; also I construct
plain flange couplings with internal half bush tapering from the centre, in halves,
with projections, to fit into recesses in the couplings also the keyways are cast on.
one half or bush with holes in the couplings chilled.
Figs 13. 14 and 15 shew my improved sleeve or muff coupling with chilled
taper holes all one way, the internal bushes A and B, are cast in halves and
secured by pins G, and holes or recesses P, and also may have projections and
keyways as before described, so that a hollow or feather keyway may be used,
for additional security and a screw at right angles to the shaft if required.
Fig. 16, shews a flange coupling, the body of the coupling being secured by
bolts, the internal bush tapers from the centre and has a feather keyway similar
to Fig. 9;
Figs 17 and 18 shew end view and elevation of sleeve coupling, with hole one
half conical and taper all one way, enlarged to allow for bushes A, A, on one
side of shaft only, the other half of the hole being the same size as the shaft;
or with half sleeve, with two facings inside and two facings outside to be planed
the same as the two sleeves in the other coupling and with the hole in the outer
part of the coupling, chilled and two screws or keys, opposite the half sleeve to
bear on each shaft end; all the sleeves may be made of cast iron, which will
answer as well as malleable iron.
Figs 19 and 20 are modifications of couplings secured by studs and screws.
Fig. 21 shews an improved split pulley boss for cast and wrought iron pulleys
and the means of securing it by keys A, and key ways B, to different sizes of
shafting shewn from two inches to 3 inches rising in quarter inches the same keya
securing it to the different sizes of shafting, when moved to their corresponding
keyways, these can be made of any dimensions.
Figs 22 and 23 shew chills for outer part of couplings with conical holes, the
short end A of chill core to bed in the sand.
Figs 25 and 26 are chilled cores, for wrought or cast iron pulleys as shewn at
Fig. 24.
Figs 27 and 28 are modifications for the same purpose.
Having now fully described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I would have it

page_text: understood that what I claim as the invention to be secured to me by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
1st I claim the construction of the outer box or shell of the friction clutch
in halves, regulated for adjustment on the internal friction ring as shewn and
described.
2 I claim the V shaped ring in halves with the ends where they come together
made internally conical or V shaped for the cone shaped wedge as shewn and
described.
3. The toggles or levers spanning or clearing the shaft, and giving extra
leverage or power (not to be obtained when operating on one side of the shaft)
constructed as shewn and described.
4 The sliding collar on the boss of the coupling in combination with my
arrangement of clutch, as shewn and described.
5 The outer shape or construction of the shaft coupling with or without lock
screws as shewn and described.
6 The construction of sleeves cast in halves with facings as shewn and
described.
7 The iron or steel drivers upon the shafts engaging with holes or notches in
the sleeve as shewn and described.
8 The screw or lock screws in combination with the inclined notches on the
sleeve as shewn and described.
9 The construction of coupling with drivers and spiral springs with sliding
collar on the boss of the coupling, in combination with catch and guard as shewn
and described.
10 The construction of the shape of chilled holes, for cast and wrought iron
pulleys constructed as shewn and described.
11 Chilling the holes in couplings in the forms shewn and described.
12 The application of a spring and balance weight to the hand lever for
instantly pushing the clutch out of gear, when the pin or catch which keeps
the lever in gear is removed by the wire or cord, as shewn and described.
In witness whereof I the said Thomas Greenwood have hereunto set my
hand and seal this thirteenth day of March in the year of our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and eighty four
THOMAS GREENWOOD (L.S.)
THOMAS GREENWOOD (L.S.)
Witness
JOHN E. WALSH Patent Agent
and Consulting Engineer Crossley Street
Halifax and 30 East Parade Leeds