IMPROVEMENTS IN BONE MILLS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Burns, of Liverpool, in the County Palatine
of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BONE
MILLS."
Sealed the 17th March 1857, and dated the 17th September 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Burns at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th September 1856.
I, ROBERT BURNS, of Liverpool, in the County Palatine of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BONE
MILLS," to be as follows:-
My said improvements consist in a novel mode of arranging and fixing the
cutters on the cutting cylinder of bone and other like mills, and in a peculiar
adaptation of pistons regulated by weighted bell cranks worked by cams for
feeding and pressing the materials while being rasped or cut. The bones,
wood, or other materials are introduced into a hopper, and falling upon a
cutting bed, meet the cutters, and are there rasped or cut, jamming or choaking
being prevented by the alternate advancing and receding of the feed pistons
placed under the hopper, and thus press the materials against the rotating
cutters, the reduced materials falling into a sieve, which may be kept in
continuous motion by means of a cam on the driving shaft. The cutters are
placed in spiral channels in the cutting cylinder, and are made fast thereto by
means of wedges bound down with screws.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Robert Burns in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
17th March 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
BURNS, of Liverpool, in the County Palatine of Lancaster, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Robert Burns, Her special licence that I, the said Robert Burns, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Robert
Burns, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BONE MILLS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Robert Burns, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Burns, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My said improvements consist in a novel mode of arranging and fixing the
cutters on the cutting cylinder of bone and other like mills, such cutters being
curved.
And for the better understanding of my said Invention, I will now proceed
to detail the particulars relating to the construction thereof, reference being
had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, in which the same letters indicate
like parts throughout.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is an elevation of my improved mill; Figure 2 is a side view;
Figure 3 is a plan; Figures 4 and 5 are end view and plan of the cutting

page_text: i
cylinder; and Figures 6 and 7 are vertical view and plan of the curved
cutting knife. A is the cast-iron frame; B, the sieve; C, the cutting bed:
D, the cylinder; E, the cutters; F, the hopper; G, G, the feed pistons;
H, H, and I, I, the forcing levers; J, the lever guide; K, K, the raising and
depressing excentrics; L, the feed wheels; M, the fly wheel; a, the sieve
cam; and b, sieve shaker; N, the driving pulley; and O, wedge pieces or
knife fixing blocks.
Having thus fully described my said improvements, I would observe that
the bones, wood, or other materials to be operated on, in mills constructed
according to my said Invention, are introduced into a hopper, and falling
thence upon a cutting bed, meet the cutters, and are there rasped or cut,
jamming or choking being prevented by the alternate advancing and receding
of the feed pistons G, placed under the hopper, and which act to press the
materials against the rotating cutters, the reduced materials falling therefrom
into a sieve, which may be kept in continuous motion by means of a cam on
the driving shaft. The cutters are placed in spiral channels in the cutting
cylinder, and are made fast therein by means of wedges bound down with
screws.
As my said Invention is capable of being modified without affecting the
principle of my said improvements, I wish it to be understood that I do not
limit myself to materials, dimensions, or the precise form of the several parts,
so long as the nature of my said Invention is substantially maintained; and
I do declare that what I claim as my Invention is, namely, the improved
mechanical arrangements in the construction of bone mills, as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Burns, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of March, in the year of our
Lord 1857.