Improvements in Moulding or Planing Machines for Wood or other materials.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Aug., 1892-Accepted, 26th Nov., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Moulding or Planing Machines for Wood or other
materials.
I, Dr. CHARLES LOUIS GOEHRING, of Alleghany, County of Alleghany, State
of Pennsylvania, United States of America, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to moulding or planing machines and pertains particularly
to the cutter heads, the shafts or arbours upon which they are mounted and the
headstocks in which the shafts are carried so as to improve the construction of
these parts and so arrange them that free access may be had to the necessary
parts for placing the driving belt onto or off the pulley and sliding the cutter-
head longitudinally onto or off the arbour without disturbing the alignment of said
arbour.
The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings
in which
Figure 1 is a front elevation of an apparatus constructed according to this
invention and of which
Figures 2 and 3 are elevations of the opposite ends.
Figure 4 is a plan of Figure 1.
Figure 5 is an elevation of the same end shown in Figure 2 and illustrating the
manner of turning over the bearing for having access to the belt pulley.
Figure 6 is a section on line 6-6 of Figure 2 of the same bearing showing the
manner in which it and the arbour at the part rotating within it are grooved.
Figure 7 is an elevation of the bearing which is detached from the headstock
when a cutter head requires to be taken off or placed on the arbour.
Figure 8 is a back elevation of the cutter-head shown in Figure 1 and a portion
of the arbour on which it is secured, the cutters in this and Figures, 9 to 12 being
shown flat whereas that in Figure 1 is shown moulded or shaped for producing
moulding.
Figures 9 and 10 are elevations of the opposite ends of the cutter head the
arbour being shown in section.
Figure 11 is a longitudinal section on line 11-11 of Figure 9 showing the
portion of the arbour in elevation, and
Figure 12 is a transverse section on the line 12-12 of Figure 11.
Figures 8 to 12 inclusive are drawn to a scale larger than that to which
Figures 1 to 7 inclusive are drawn.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
A Figures 1 to 5 is the headstock provided with a dovetail slide a adjustably
secured in the correspondingly dovetailed groove of the jaw block B by bolts and
nuts b, after releasing which the headstock may be adjusted in the direction of its
length. The jaw block B is rendered sufficiently elastic for this purpose by the
provision of the groove b¹.
The headstock A is provided with three bearings A¹C and C₁ for supporting
the arbour D the first (A¹) of which may be formed integrally with the headstock
and the last two (C C') of which are detachable from it.
The bearing A may be of ordinary construction and supplied with lubricant
from a grease-box a' shown in dotted lines in Figure and covered by a plug a².
The bearing C for supporting the end of the arbour on to or along which the

page_text: cutter head is passed is formed with a dovetail or equivalent projection c which
fits into a correspondingly dovetailed recess a³ in the headstock A and in which
it is securely clamped by means of the bolt and nut the two sides or walls
of the dovetail recess a³ yielding to the trifling extent necessary to admit of the
projection c being thus clamped. When it is desired to remove the bearing C all
that is necessary is to loosen the nut and the bearings can be drawn outward
from the cutter head and detached from the headstock A as shown at Figure 7.
At the part at which the arbour D is supported in the bearing C¹ it is formed
with preferably angular grooves d as shown in Figure 6 and the bearing is lined
with white metal which is inversely grooved so as to engage with the arbour and
form a thrust bearing to secure the arbour against longitudinal displacement. This
bearing C is secured to the arm a' of the headstock by means of a bolt and nut c¹
after removing which or partially withdrawing the bolt the bearing may be turned
over as shown in Figure 5 so that a clear space E is left to allow of the belt being
removed from or placed upon the pulley F. is a grease box from which the
bearing C is lubricated and c³ is the lubricating hole for the bearing C the part in
the bearing C coinciding with the part in the headstock when the bearing C is in.
its proper position in the headstock.
Before removing either or both of the bearings C C in the manner before
described the bolts as of bearing A' are screwed up so as to tighten the bearing
cap upon the arbour to prevent it from moving out of position, then if necessary
both the bearings C C¹ may be removed and replaced with impunity without fear
of affecting the alignment of the arbour; the bolts a must be unscrewed to
a sufficient extent, (to enable the arbour to be rotated without unnecessary
friction) after the bearings C C₁ are returned to and secured in their normal
positions.
Gis a bracket mounted on the front of the headstock A for the attachment
thereto of a yoke G which extends beneath the headstock and carries the chip
breaker g in proper close proximity to the revolving cutters L. The yoke G is
secured to the headstock A by a pin g' which passes through its two arms and
through the bracket G. Two set screws are fitted in the ends of the yoke arms
and bear against the front face of the headstock and by screwing these more or
less through the yoke arms the height of the chip-breaker may be adjusted.
G' is a pivotted latch which normally hangs downwards as shown to prevent the
pin gl from moving out of position but which may be raised when it is desired to
withdraw the pin for removing the chip-breaker.
The construction of the cutter head clearly shown in Figures 8 to 12 and it
consists of a block H bored out to fit nicely on the arbour D either throughout its
entire length, or it may be chambered out so as to fit the arbour only at the ends.
This block is provided at each end with an externally screwed and preferably
tapered extension h which has a suitable number of longitudinal slits or cuts h,
six, as shown in Figures 9 and 10 being a convenient number. Each extension h
has a nut I screwed upon it and according as said nut is screwed further on or off
the extension the block H will be more or less firmly clamped on the arbour Das
will be well understood. It is preferred that the extensions / be externally tapered
as shown and the nuts I correspondingly tapered to fit the extensions but if desired
the extensions may be taper and the nuts parallel or the extensions may be parallel
and the nuts taper but neither of these arrangements is considered as satisfactory
as that shown in the drawings.
At the part the block H is cylindrical and screw-threaded for receiving the
internally screw-threaded collar J while at the part where it is larger than at h¹
it is cylindrical and smooth for receiving the sleeve K which is longitudinally
adjustable thereon and whose exterior surface like that of the part is not cylin-
drical but curved eccentrically in respect to the axis of the arbour D as shown
most clearly in Figure 12. The part 4 and sleeve K are each formed with
undercut projections k which together constitute a dovetail groove k¹ of adjustable

page_text: width for receiving the dovetail projection formed on the inner side of each
cutter L.
The collar J has one or more steady pins ; secured in it and the sleeve K has
holes which receive these pins and this arrangement prevents the sleeve K
rotating independently of the collar which itself as before described is fast upon
the block H, so that the projections of the sleeve and block H will always be
directly opposite each other. M are preferably four clamping screws screwed
through the collar J their ends bearing against the end of the sleeve K for
clamping the dovetail projections of the cutters within the dovetail grooves k¹
as will be well understood.
From the foregoing description it will be obvious that should it be desired to
remove the cutters L from the cutter head all that is necessary is to slightly screw
back the clamping screws M and slide the dovetail projections ? out of the dovetail
grooves and to reverse these operations to insert and fix the cutters and that
should it be desired to remove the cutter-head from the arbour D all that is neces-
sary is to loosen the nuts I on the extensions loosen the bolt and nut c* and slip
the bearing C off the arbour D as before described and then slide the cutter head
off the arbour.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In apparatus such as described a headstock such as A having three bearings
a middle one (A') permanently secured to or integral with it a second one such
as C fitted to it by means of a longitudinal dovetail slide c and means such as a
bolt and nut for fixing the slide in its groove or recess and a third one such
as C¹ secured to the headstock by means of overlapping portions of the bearing.
and headstock substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
2. In apparatus such as described the combination with a headstock such as A
of a bearing such as C having a dovetail projection c a dovetailed recess a³ formed
in the headstock and means for tightening the walls of the dovetail recess a³ upon
the dovetail projection substantially as described and illustrated in the accom-
panying drawings.
3. In apparatus such as described the combination with a headstock such as A
having a permanently attached bearing A' and a detachable bearing such as C¹ of
a grooved thrust bearing such as C¹d d¹ substantially as described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
4. In apparatus such as described the combination with a block such as H having
an undercut projection such as k of an adjustable sleeve such as K also having an
undercut projection which together with the projection on the block H form
between them a dovetail groove of adjustable width substantially as described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
5. In apparatus such as described the combination with a block such as H having
an undercut projection such as k and a sleeve such as K adjustable longitudinally
thereon and also having an undercut projection k of a collar such as J rigid on the
block H and having clamping screws M substantially as described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
6. In apparatus such as described the combination with a block such as H having
one or two clamping ends such as h h with a nut I upon each and an undercut pro-
jection such as k of a sleeve such as K longitudinally adjustable thereon and having
an undercut projection such as ka collar J fast upon the block H clamping screws M
screwing through the collar and against the sleeve and steady pins ; for preventing
the rotation of the sleeve independently of the block H and collar J substantially
as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
7. In apparatus such as described the combination with a cutter head in which is

page_text: employed a dovetail groove of adjustable width of a tool or cutter having a dovetail
projection for engaging with said groove substantially as described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 9th day of August 1892.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.