Improvements in Lamps suitable for Burning Hydrocarbons, Benzoline, Kerosene, and the like.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Dec., 1895
Complete Specification Left 21st Sept 1806 Accented 7th Nov 1896
Date of Application, 21st Dec., 1895
Complete Specification Left 21st Sent 1996—Accented 7th Nov. 1896
•
- PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lamps suitable for Burning Hydrocarbons,
Benzoline, Kerosene, and the like.
1, JOSEPH HENRY IREDALE, of Fenwick Chambers, Fenwick Street,
Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a construction of lamps specially suitable for use on
cycles, omnibuses, tramcars and other vehicles, but applicable also for other uses
and adapted for burning hydrocarbons such as benzoline, kerosene, and the like,
the object being to produce a safe and cleau lamp which will give a clear, bright
light, but in which the inflammable liquid will be kept cool and prevented from
overflowing or running to waste should the lamp be overturned.
For this purpose the hydrocarbon is stored in a state of absorption in suitable
material, such as cotton wool, packed around a perforated or reticulated wall
forming a wick-well within a suitable reservoir, which may be provided with one
or more air tubes, which pass upwardly through it in a vertical or approximately
vertical direction along and in contact it may be with the wick tube or tubes and
terminate in the interior of the hood or casing of the lamp (should it be provided
with such) and preferably in proximity to, but below, the upper end of the wick
tube or tubes.
The reservoir is furnished with a suitable hollow cover which, with the top of
the reservoir, forms a chamber or air space around the wick tube- or tubes and is
provided with suitable holes to enable air to pass from the external atmosphere
and through the said chamber to the flame.
When a flat wick is to be employed, it is advantageous to form the upper end of
the wick tube so as to be slightly concave upwardly, so that, notwithstanding the
upward current of air issuing from the said air tube or tubes, the flame will have a
practically straight upper edge.
As will be obvious, my invention may be applied to lamps of various kinds,
amongst which may be mentioned cycle lamps, carriage lamps, and hand lamps or
lanterns.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lamps suitable for Burning Hydrocarbons,
Benzoline, Kerosene, and the like.
I, JOSEPH HENRY IREDALE, of Fenwick. Chambers, Fenwick Street,
Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to an improved construction of lamp specially suitable for

page_text: use on cycles, omnibuses, tramcars and other vehicles, but applicable also for other
uses, and adapted for burning hydrocarbons such as benzoline, kerosene or paraffin,
and the like, the object being to produce a safe and clean lamp which will give a
clear, bright light, but in which the inflammable liquid will be kept cool and
prevented from overflowing or running to waste should the lamp be overturned.
For this purpose the hydrocarbon is stored in a state of absorption in suitable
material, such as cotton wool, packed around a perforated or reticulated wall
forming a wick-well within a suitable reservoir which may be provided with one
or. more air tubes that pass upwardly through it in a vertical or approximately
vertical direction along and in contact it may be with the wick tube or tubes and
terminates or terminate in the interior of the hood or casing of the lamp (should
it be provided with such, as when paraffin is burned) and preferably in proximity
to, but below, the upper end of the wick tube or tubes so as to project a current or
currents of air directly to the base of the flame.
The reservoir is furnished with a suitable hollow cover which, with the top of
the reservoir, forms a chamber or air space around the wick tube or tubes and is
provided with suitable holes to enable air to pass from the external atmosphere and
through the said chamber to the flame.
When a flat wick is to be employed, it is advantageous to form the upper end
of the wick tube so as to be slightly concave upwardly, so that, notwithstanding
the upward current of air issuing from the said air tube or tubes, the flame will
have a practically straight upper edge.
As will be obvious, my invention may be applied to lamps of various kinds,
amongst which may be mentioned cycle lamps, carriage lamps, and hand lamps and
lanterns.
In the accompanying illustrative drawings :—
Fig. 1 is a vertical section taken on the line A. B. of Fig. 2 showing a lamp
constructed according to this invention.
Fig. 2 is a similar section but taken in a plane at right angles to the former viz.
on the line C. D. of Fig. 1:
Fig. 3 is a plan of the lamp, the lens-tube and a portion of the body-part of the
lamp being omitted; and
Fig. 4 is a sectional plan of the reservoir on the line E. F. of Figs. 1 and 2.
1 is a reservoir located at the bottom of the lamp hood or casing 2 which is
of opaque material and may be of any ordinary or suitable construction such as is
commonly used for cycles and carriage lamps, and which has a reflector 3 at the
back and a bulls eye or lens 4 at the front.
The reservoir 1 differs from that of an ordinary cycle lamp (for example) in
which colza, kerosene, or like heavy hydrocarbon is burnt, in that it is provided
with a small wick-well formed by a perforated wall 5 around which an absorbent
material 6, such as cotton wool, is lightly packed to fill the remaining space in the
reservoir. The light hydrocarbon (hereinafter referred to as benzoline as that will
be the material usually employed) is supplied to the material 6 through a branch 7
(Fig. 3) through which any of the benzoline oil that is not absorbed by the
material 6 and the wick can be poured out again, so that should the lamp be
accidentally upset and the flame not extinguished, no benzoline could escape and
become ignited.
In order to prevent the temperature of the benzoline absorbed by the material 6
from being raised to a dangerous degree by heat radiating from the flame and also
to prevent the overheating of the wick-tube 8, there is provided a dished and
flanged cover having holes 10 and 11 in its flange and its upper part respectively,
the arrangement being such that air will enter through the holes 10, pass over the
' reservoir 1 and around the wick-tube 8 and finally upwards into the interior of the
lamp, and to the flame, through the holes 11 as indicated by arrows in Figs. 1
and 2. 12 is a slightly inclined air-pipe which passes through the reservoir I and
along and in contact with the wick-tube 8, a short distance below the top of which
-it terminates as shown in Fig. 1. The upper end 13 of the wick tube 8, instead of

page_text: being cut at right augles to its axis as usual, is preferably cut so as to be slightly
concave (see Fig. 2) and the wick 14 is similarly cut, so that a flame with
practically a straight upper edge will be produced notwithstanding the tendency of
the upward current of air passing through the tube 12 to unduly prolong the middle
of the flame.
The absorbent material 6 packed in the reservoir 1 protrudes slightly through
the holes in the wall 5 of the wick-well so as to allow the wick 14 to come into
contact with it, the benzoline consequently flows, as a result of capillary attraction,
up the wick 14 and, as it reaches the heated upper end 13 of the wick-tube 8 is
vaporized and burnt.
With this class of lamp a brighter and more penetrating flame is produced than
is the case wheu heavy hydrocarbons are used, and with the arrangements for the
supply of air herein before described, no smoke is made and the lamp is cleaner.
To prevent the benzoline from evaporating when the lamp is not in use, an
extinguisher or cap 15 (indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 2) may be used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A lamp of the kind herein referred to constructed with a reservoir wherein
the substance to be burned is stored in absorbent material, a perforated or
reticulated wall forming a wick-well, a wick tube extending from the top of the
said well, a hollow perforated cover arranged above the reservoir so that air can
circulate between them to cool the reservoir, and one or more air tubes passing
upwardly through the reservoir in proximity to the wick tube, and terminating
above the cover, these parts being constructed and arranged substantially as
herein before described with reference to and shown in the drawings annexed.
2. My improved lamp constructed, arranged and operating as hereinbefore
described with reference to and shown in the drawings annexed.
Dated this 21st day of September 1896.