MENTS IN THE MEANS OP AND APPARATUS FOR HEATING Å PARTNE 66 IMPROVE
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Edward Clarke, of Apsley Cross, in the
County of Somerset, Gentleman, for the Invention of
MENTS IN THE MEANS OP AND APPARATUS FOR HEATING Å PARTNE
66
IMPROVE-
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Edward Clarke
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 29th March 1871.
I, THOMAS EDWARD CLARKE, of Apsley Cross, in the County of
Somerset, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR HEATING
APARTMENTS," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to increase the heating surface of
open and closed fire-places and thereby to utilise a large per-centage
of the heat given off by the burning fuel than is at present obtained
from open and closed fire-places used in the heating of apartments.

page_text: In attaining this object in connection with an open fire-place instead
of building the fire-place as heretofore into the wall I build it clear of the
wall and allow air to circulate around it as around a close stove. The
fire-place I construct chiefly of fire-bricks, and I build up the same
upon a hearth, leaving a narrow space between the back of the fire-place
and the wall for the circulation of air therein. The sides of this fire-
place will consequently stand out or project into the apartment like
the sides of an ordinary stove. These sides I connect together in front
by a lintel of stone, and the top of the fire-place I close by a slab of
slate, stone, or marble which constitutes the chimney slab, and forms
at the same time a heating surface. The fire-place I connect with the
adjacent wall at a level a little below the opening, which leads to the
chimney fluc, and I thus confine at top the space left between the wall
and the back of the fire-place. In this fire-place I insert a removable
grate provided with legs which stand upon the hearth, and to retain
the grate in place I drop the back bar thereof on to hooks that are built
into and project from the back of the fire-place, or dogs may be used
instead of a grate in this fire-place. When it is desired to employ a
close fire-place I build this also of fire-bricks and connect the sides and
ends thereof together by angle iron and the top of the fire-place I cover
with a removable iron lid. In order to obtain an increased heating
surface I avail myself of the quick draught which a closed fire-place
possesses, and I connect the closed fire-place with a vertical serpentine
flue or flues, which I interpose between the fire-place and the chimney.
I also connect the fire-place with the chimney by a flue leading directly
thereto. This direct flue I fit with valves which will allow of the direct
course for the heated gases being closed and the serpentine flue or
flues being brought into connection with the fire-place.
Thus on
starting the fire the gases of combustion may pass directly to the
chimney, as in the open fire-place, and when a bright fire is obtained
and a good draught up the chimney secured, the heated gases may be
diverted into the serpentine flue and pass thence to the chimney. In
their course through the serpentine flue or flues a large supplementary
surface capable of radiating heat into the apartment will be heated, and
thus an economy of fuel proportionately great will be effected in the
close fire-place as in the open fire-place. These supplementary flues.
may stand at the side or at the back of the fire-place, as convenience
may suggest and the open fire-place may be fitted so as to be used

page_text: as a closed fire-place, by means of a curtain or a detachable blower,
to allow of its connection when required with the supplementary
serpentine flue.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,.
filed by the said Thomas Edward Clarke in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 29th September 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
EDWARD CLARKE, of Apsley Cross, in the County of Somerset,
Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the
thirty-fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Thomas Edward Clarke, Her special
licence that I, the said Thomas Edward Clarke, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas Edward
Clarke, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
'IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR HEATING APARTMENTS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Edward
Clarke, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
66
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Edward Clarke, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing
hereunto annexed and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that
is to say):-

page_text: The object of this Invention is to increase the heating surface of open
and closed fire-places and thereby to utilize a larger per-centage of the
heat given off by the burning fuel than is at present obtained from open
and closed fire-places used in the heating of apartments.
In attaining this object in connection with an open fire-place instead
of building the fire-place as heretofore into the wall I build it clear of
the wall and allow air to circulate around it as around a close stove.
The fire-place I construct chiefly of fire-bricks, and I build up the same
upon a hearth, leaving a narrow space between the back of the fire-place
and the wall for the circulation of air therein.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 shews in perspective an open
fire-place constructed according to my Invention, and Fig. 2 is a
vertical section of the same shewing its connection with the chimney
fluc.
A, A, is a rectangular fire chamber the front, back, and sides of which
I form of fire-bricks or other suitable refractory material, and support
the same upon a hearth, which may be of stone or iron. This fire
chamber I build up in front of an opening to a flue formed in the wall
of the apartment intended to be heated. This chamber is arched at
the front opening and it is closed at top by a slab of marble, stone, or
slate B which takes the place of the ordinary chimney slab. The fire
chamber has an opening coinciding with the opening to the chimney,
and forms a passage for the gases of combustion to the chimney, as
shown at Fig. 2. Below the point of connection of the fire chamber
with the chimney and between the chamber and the wall of the apart-
ment is a free space D for the circulation of air, which traversing over
the back of the fire chamber will become rapidly heated. I prefer to
connect the sides of the fire chamber together in front by a lintel of
stone, and by closing the top of the fire chamber as explained the
chimney slab will form a heating surface. In this fire-place or chamber
I insert a removable grate E provided with legs which stand upon the
hearth, and to retain the grate in place I drop the bottom bar thercof
on to hooks that are built into and project from the back of the fire-
place, as shewn at Fig. 2, or dogs may be used instead of a grate in this
fire-place if thought desirable.
Fig. 3 is a vertical section of a close stove with supplementary heating
flues applied thereto (according to the second head of my Invention) and

page_text: forming a connection between the stove and the chimney; Fig. 4 is a
front elevation of the stove.
The close stove or fire-place I build up of fire-bricks F, F, and connect
the sides and ends thereof together by angle iron G, G, and the top of
the fire-place I cover with a removable iron lid H. This structure I
mount by preference on wheels, as shewn, which allows of its facile
withdrawal from the chimney for the purpose of cleaning the flue. In
order to obtain an increased heating surface I avail myself of the quick
draught which a closed fire-place possesses, and I connect the closed
fire-place with a vertical serpentine flue or flues I, I, which I interpose
between the fire-place and the chimney. I also connect the fire-place
with the chimney by a flue I' leading directly thereto; this direct flue
I fit with a swing valve i which will allow of the direct course for the
heated gases being closed and the serpentine flue or flues being brought
into connection with the fire-place. Thus by dropping the valve i before
starting the fire the gases of combustion will be free to pass directly to
the chimney as usual, and when a bright fire is obtained and a good
draught up the chimney secured the heated gases may be diverted (by
lifting the valve to the position shewn in Fig. 3) into the serpentine fluo
and passed thence to the chimney. In their course through the serpen-
tine flue or flues a large supplementary surface capable of radiating
heat into the apartment will be heated, and thus an economy of fuel
proportionately great will be effected in the close fire-place as in the
open fire-place. These supplementary flues may stand at the side or
at the back of the fire-place as convenience may suggest, and they
may be mounted upon supporting wheels which will facilitate their
withdrawal from the chimney and removal for the purpose of being
cleansed.
The open fire-place above described may be fitted with a curtain or a
detachable blower so as to be used like the closed fire-place with the
supplementary flues I, I.
Having now set forth the nature of my Invention of improvements in
the means of and apparatus for heating apartments, and explained the
manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that
under the above in part recited Letters Patent I claim,-
First. Constructing open fire-places in the manner and for the purpose
above described.

page_text: Secondly. I claim the application to open and closed fire-places of the
supplementary flues forming the connection between the fire-place and
the chimney in the manner and for the purpose described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Edward Clarke, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, the Twenty-sixth day of September, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
onc.