Improved Means for Imparting Rapid Reciprocations to Parts of Machinery.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application; 14th June, 1892—Accepted, 23rd July, 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad: by. Messrs. R. HOE AND COMPANY, of 504, Grand
Street, in the City of New York, United States of America, Printing Machine
Manufacturers.]
rif
Improved Means for Imparting Rapid Reciprocations to Parts of
Machinery.
I HENRY EDWARD NEWTON of the Office for Patents, 6 Bream's Buildings,
Chancery Lane in the County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to certain improvements applicable to all kinds of machines
in which there is a member making a more or less rapid reciprocation, such as.
planing machines, pumps, and flat-form printing machines, and the invention consists
in the means for imparting the reciprocating motion to the member in such a manner
that the reversing of the movement will be effected smoothly and quickly, without
subjecting the parts to undue strain.
Now, in order that the invention may be clearly understood, the same will be
described with reference to the type bed of cylinder printing machines of various
kinds, and such type bed is to be considered, therefore, as the reciprocating member
of the class of machines above referred to.
There are many forms of cylinder printing machines to which the invention is
applicable; thus, one class has an oscillating impression cylinder that is driven by
a top rack on the type bed. In one such construction, the cylinder prints while
running in one direction; is then raised, and runs idly in the other direction, during
the return of the bed. In another construction, the cylinder, without rising and
falling, prints while running.in both directions, and is provided with a returning
cylinder so as to perfect the same sheet. In another such construction, the cylinder,
without rising. and falling prints while running in both directions, and is provided
with two feeds, so as to print two sheets upon one side.
Another class of such printing machines, has an impression cylinder or cylinders
that continuously revolve. One such construction has one cylinder with a depressed
part that allows the returning bed to pass without making printing contact.
Another such construction, called a two-revolution cylinder machine, has the
cylinder raised during its second revolution, or while the bed is returning. In
another such construction, called a three-revolution cylinder machine, the cylinder,
which runs in printing relation to the bed during one revolution, is being raised
during the next half revolution, held in its raised position during the return of the
bed, and being lowered during the next half revolution.
Another class of such printing machines have two impression cylinders con-
tinuously revolving in opposite directions, each printing during its second revolution,
and so rising and falling, that while one cylinder is down in printing relation to the
passing bed, its companion is up out of such position. In one such construction,
sheets may be fed to each cylinder, and delivered printed upon one side only. In
another such construction, a sheet fed to one cylinder, and printed upon one side, is
transferred to the other cylinder, and printed upon its other side. In another such
construction, the cylinders have depressed portions for the non-printing passage of
the bed, and are connected by two transferring cylinders, so that a sheet printed by
one cylinder, is transferred to, and printed by, the other cylinder.
Another class of such printing machines, called a stop-cylinder machine, has its
cylinder driven during the printing operation by a top rack on the bed, and stopped
while the bed returns by running past a flat portion of the cylinder.
IC
In such printing machines, a perfect printing operation depends upon an exact

page_text: unison of movement between the surfaces of the impression cylinder and the type
form on the bed during the whole period of making the impression, and when this
is accomplished, the immediate-necessity to the attaining of a maximum speed of
operation, is the rapid slowing down of the movement of the bed, stopping the same,
starting the bed in the reverse direction, and reattaining' said surface speed. This
will be best performed when it is accomplished without jar, and is attained "by the
present improvements.
In carrying out this invention, the reciprocating bed is combined with a crank-
actuated controlling. arm, whereby the movement of the bed, rat either end of its
run, is gradually decreased to state of rest, and is then started and accelerated in
the opposite direction.
The reciprocating bed, and a driving pinion moving the same through-a-rack
attached to the bed, is also combined with a crank-actuated controlling arm, that
engages the bed as the driving pinion ceases to be the driver, and thereafter controls
the movement of the bed, and brings the same to a state of momentary rest, then
starts the same, and moves it' in the reverse direction with an accelerating speed,
and is then disengaged' froin the bed as the driving pinion again becomes' the driver,
whereby the bed, driven at a maximum speed, is slowed down in 'one 'direction,
stopped, and started in the reverse direction, by a powerful and efficient mechanism
that produces a smooth and regular movement.
The invention embraces many forms of embodiment, and may in any or all of
them' be applicable wherever in any machine it is desirable to quickly convert the
movements of any reciprocating device without jar or undue strain.
'Many combinations of parts' and details of construction, are also included within
the present improvements, but the same are so, particularly hereinafter "described,
as to need no further preliminary explanation.
In the accompanying drawings illustrating the present improvements:-
Fig. 1 is a side elevation; taken just within the nearest side frame.
Fig: 2 is a plan view,' taken on a line just above the bed rack ;' and
Fig. 3 an end elevation, partially in section, of so much of a cylinder printing
machine as is necessary to an illustration of 'the application of the present improve-
ments thereto.
Figs. 4' to 13 are diagrams illustrating the bed and its driving mechanism at
different points and in different positions of their movements.
Fig. 14 is a diagrammatic side elevation of a modified form of the improvements,
in which the 'rack member 22 is shown in "dotted lines, to render the illustration
clear.
Fig. 15 is a plan view of the bed racks and driving pinions, and
Fig. 16 is a side elevation of part of a controlling arm of peculiar structure.
Fig. 17 is a diagrammatic side elevation of a further modified form of the
improvements, and
Fig. 18 is an end elevation of the same.
Fig. 19 illustrates a means of moving the rack, so that its opposite members shall
alternately be carried into gear with the driving pinion.
Fig. "20 is a side elevation of a modification in which the "driving pinion is
vertically moved to alternately engage the opposite menibers of the driving
rack; 'and
Fig 21 is an end elevation of the same.
Fig. 22 is a side elevation, and
Fig 23' a' plan view, of a modification of rack and pinion driving mechanism, in
which the coupling or operative connection of the rack and pinions is controlled by
clutches.
Figs. 24 and 25 are 'respectively'a side and a sectional end elevation of a further
modification of rack and pinion driving mechanism; the operation of which is
controlled' by a clutch mechanism.
The elements of this'slowing, stopping, and starting mechanism, are a controlling
arm that engages with and determines the movement of the bed'during the operation

page_text: of reversing it at the end of its-run in either direction; and an actuating crank that
imparts the requisite movement to said arm, which arm is automatically connected
with the bed while it is moving at its maximum speed, and thereafter operates to
slow down its movement in one direction, arrest the same, and then to start and
accelerate it in the contrary direction, untillits: maximum speed is attained, and
then be. disconnected therefrom.
The reciprocating bed is driven throughout the principal part of its run in either
direction, by a driving pinion engaging its rack, and this pinion runs, or should run,
at the highest attainable speed, in order to render. the printing machine effective
in the highest degree, and during one of these runs, which is that during which the
impression is made, the member of the rack that is nearest to the bed will prefer-
ably be the one that is engaged by the pinion. When the said pinion is about to
become inoperative as the means of driving the bed; the crank operated controlling
arm will connect with the bed, and control the movements thereof 'until the pinion
again becomes its driver. This arm, owing to the peculiar movements imparted by
the crank, will have the same surface speed as the bed at the time of its. being
connected therewith, which speed will immediately. be progressively reduced until
the bed is momentarily arrested; while the crank is passing its centre of motion; and
thereupon said arm will impart. a movement in the contrary direction, which will
gradually increase until the maximum-speed of the bed is again attained, at which.
time the bed will again be moved by the driving pinion, and solely driven thereby,
while said controlling arm will be disconnected from the bed, and hence cease to be
its driver. Thus, the bed will be driven at a maximum speed throughout its
principal or working movement, which speed will be modified until it ceases, and
then be reattained by a movement that is smooth, powerful, and rapid.
The transition of the driving means from the pinion to the controlling arm, and
rice versa, is progressively accomplished; that is to say, just before the pinion runs
out of gear with the rack, the arm, as the bed is finishing its outward movements,
will have engaged the bed; so that both pinion and arm will be momentarily engaged
with the bed, but while all are running at the same speed, which enables the pinion
and rack to separate without strain or jar. This-arm also continues to be momen-
tarily engaged with the bed when it is. making its inward or return movements,
until after the rack has engaged the pinion, but the parts are then · concertedly
moving, and hence co-act smoothly.
As the driving pinion ordinarily turns in one direction, it will, of course, be
necessary, for driving the bed in its reverse movement, to provide either a companion
wheel turning appropriately in the opposite direction, to cause the same driving
pinion to be moved into engagement with a companion rack, or to provide in some
equivalent manner for driving the bed through a rack and pinion mechanism during
the principal part of its reciprocating movement; all of which will be explained
further on..
With this preliminary explanation, the construction and operation of the
mechanisms, and the devices. illustrated herein, will be readily understood, and a
general description of those illustrated by. Figs. 1 to 13 will first be given, and
then modifications and amplifications of the invention will be set forth.
The type or form-carrying bed B reciprocates, as is usual, upon wheeled 'sliders S,
running in longitudinal ways W, fixedly supported by the frame-work; and
co-operates with the cylinder C in performing the printing operation.
This bed is primarily moved by a driving pinion 10, preferably of a size that
makes three turns to one complete movement or reciprocation of the bed. Its
rotative movement is transmitted herein through an intermediate 11, which, driven
thereby, and running at the same surface speed; will be referred to, and is to be
considered, in a general sense, as the bed driving pinion, though it will be included
as a distinct element in some claims specifically naming it.
The bed-driving pinion 10 is-mounted upon a shaft 12, which may be the main
or driving, shaft, that turns in fixed bearings, and which will be provided with
ordinary. means. for revolving it. This shaft carries outside of the frame, a

page_text: wheel 14; that meshes with an intermediate 15, from which the cylinder C is driven
through a slotted wheel 16, and which also drives a train consisting of intermediate
pinion 17, wheel 18, pinion 19, and wheel:20, on shaft 13, for driving various
mechanisms.
The intermediate bed-driving pinion 11 is made of double width, so that it may
be caused to alternately engage the upper member 21 and the lower member 22 of
the bed rack. It is mounted to turn upon a shaft 5, and is caused to slide
thereon, while constantly geared with the driving pinion 10, by means of a
collar 24, yoked to a swinging lever 25, that is vibrated by a cam. 26 on the
shaft 13, which is rotated by the wheel 20 in unison with the bed-driving
pinion 10. In such sliding movements, this driving pinion 11 will either he geared
with the member 21 or the member 22 of the bed rack, and will be accurately
guided from one to the other, as is apparent, and when this driving pinion is geared
with one or the other member of said rack, it will drive the type bed in one
direction or the other at the highest maximum speed practically attainable.
In order to secure this maximum speed during the greater part of the run of the
bed in both directions, and yet quickly convert the same from one direction to
the other at the end of the run, a crank-operated controlling arm is automatically
connected with the bed at each end of its run, by means or a lug 29 depending
therefrom. At the same time that the bed rack leaves the driving pinion, the
crank-operated bed-controlling arm operates to slow down and stop the bed, and
afterwards to start and accelerate it in its reverse movement, and is then to be
disconnected therefrom as, the rack again, engages the driving pinion to receive
motion therefrom.
The precise movements of the bed will now be described by aid of the
diagrams Figs. 4 to 13, in which that member of the bed rack which is inoperative
in the position shown, is, when it would obscure or mislead, broken away to the
necessary extent to render the illustration clear.
It may be premised that the actuating crank.27 is carried by the shaft. 12 of the
bed-driving pinion 10, and hence that it makes concerted movements therewith.
The controlling arms. 28, 30. are of dimensions to adapt each to properly
engage with one face of the lug 29, and each of said arms projects laterally from
a head that slides in ways 31, 32, that are fixedly supported by brackets from the
framework.
These arms 28, 30 are each connected to the actuating crank 27 by means of
rods, as 33, 34, pivoted at one end to the crank, 'and at the. other to the said
arms 28, 30 respectively, and hence all of the peculiar movements of the throw of
the crank are imparted to said arms, and thence to the bed, when' the same is within
the range of action of either of said crank-actuated arms.
For the sake of perspicuity, one controlling arm 28, and its mode of
operation, will first be described, followed by a like description referring to the
controlling arm 30.
Assuming the bed B to have just finished its printing movement at a maximum
speed, while driven by the pinion 11 through the upper member 21 of the bed rack,
the end of said member of the rack will have arrived at the point where it is about
to pass out of gear with said pinion (as in Fig. 4), and simultaneously therewith
the crank-actuated arm 28, then travelling in the same direction with the bed, and
with like surface speed, will have been engaged by the lug 29, and thus control the
further movement of the bed in that direction. This movement. will, while
the crank is making its quarter turn from the point 1 to the quarter point 2, be a
progressively decreasing one, causing the bed to come to a state of rest when the
point 2 is reached, thus slowing down the movement of the bed in the direction of the
arrow, and stopping the same, as in Fig. 5; and while the crank is making its quarter
turn from the quarter point, 2 to the half point 3, the controlling arm 28 will start,
and move the bed in the reverse direction by a movement that is accelerated until
the crank has reached the half point 3, when the maximum speed of the bed will
be attained, at which time the lower member 22 of the bed rack will gear with the

page_text: intermediate pinion 11, as in Fig. 6, which pinion will thereafter solely drive the
bed in the direction of the arrow during one complete revolution of the pinion 10,
or while the crank 27 is travelling from the half point 3, and again reaches that
point, the lug 29 then being disengaged from the arm 28, and moving out of its
range of motion, as is shown by Figs. 7, 8, and 9.
When, however, the crank has again reached the point 3, as in Fig. 9, the
opposite end of the lower member 22 of the bed rack, will have arrived at the
point when it is about to pass out of gear with the pinion 11, and simultaneously
the crank-actuated arm 30, then travelling in the same direction as is the bed, and
with like surface speed, will have been engaged by the lug 29, and thus control the
further movement of the bed in that direction. This movement will, while
the crank is making its quarter turn from the half point 3 to the quarter point 4,
be a progressively decreasing one, causing a state of rest when the point 4 is
reached, thus slowing down the movement of the bed in the direction of the arrow,
and stopping the same, as in Fig. 10. While the crank is making its quarter turn
from the point 4 to the point 1, the controlling arm 30 will start, and move the
bed in the reverse or printing direction by a movement that is accelerated, until,
when the crank has reached the point 1, the maximum speed of the bed will again
be attained, at which time the upper member 21 of the bed rack will again gear
with the pinion 11, as in Fig. 11, which pinion will thereafter solely drive the bed
in the direction of the arrow during one complete revolution of the pinion 10, or
while the crank is travelling from the point 1, and again reaches that point, which
is the movement of the bed during which the impression is made, the lug 29 then
being disengaged from the arm 30, and moving out of its range of motion, as is
shown in Figs. 12, 13 and 4. When, however, the crank. has reached the
point 1, as in Fig. 4, the action of the controlling arm 28 upon the bed will be
repeated.
Thus, the reciprocating bed is driven by the pinion 11 at the highest maximum
speed in each direction during one complete revolution of the pinion 10, and its
movement in one direction is slowed down and stopped, and is then taken up the
opposite direction, at each end of its run, by a crank-operated controlling arm,
which slowing, stopping, and starting of the bed is accomplished while said pinion 10
is free from the bed rack and makes a half revolution.
In these driving or controlling movements of the bed, it will be observed, that
its movement during the period of the impression is accomplished by a pinion
geared with the member of the rack that is fixed directly to the under side of the
bed, thus securing a regular and equal movement applied as near as possible to
the point of contact of the impression cylinder with the bed; and that the slowing,
stopping and starting at each end of the run of the bed, is performed by a crank
noverent, that is not only powerful, but a constantly changing one, that reduces
the maximum speed to a state of rest, and then reattains the same without producing
any jar; or necessitating auxiliary aid.
When the member 21 of the rack has run out of gear with the pinion 11, and
while the bed is completing its run in one direction and undergoing reversal, said
pinion makes its lateral movement by the action of the cam 26, whereby it is
carried out of the path of travel of said rack member 21, and brought into the path
of travel of the rack member 22, as in Fig. 3; and while the bed is completing its
run in the opposite direction, said pinion is again moved laterally so as to carry it
out of the path of travel of said rack member 22, and again bring it into the path
of travel of the rack member 21; said rack members being, for this purpose,
set at such a distance apart, vertically, as to have their pitch lines correspond
with that of the pinion 11, and horizontally separated so that said pinion, while
constantly geared with the pinion 10, may be moved into gear with either of
said racks.
It may now be remarked that the structure embodying the pinion 10, and with
it the intermediate or bed pinion 11, and the devices shown, or equivalent means,
for moving the latter, constitutes an important improvement, as it enables the

page_text: lateral shifting of the pinion 11 to be made upon its shaft, without the use of a
feather or spline, thus, forming a, structure of great strength, and, one that is
subjected to a minimum amount of wear, for the reason that it revolves freely, upon
its.carrying shaft.
7
In the preceding description, the arms, 28 and 30 have been, alluded to as
-connected with,, and disconnected from, the bed, or its depending, lug 29.
Practically, their work is performed by simple contact, with said lug for, the
reason, that, the pressure, during, their working, movement,, is, opposed to the
.direction of their travel at the time such work, is performed, and hence they are
broadly.to be considered as devices against which the lug 29 abuts.
It is desirable, however, in order to prevent any false action, as jumping, or any
-other- unnecessary or improper movement which might result when the machine
runs slowly, to provide means for coupling them to the lug 29 in their working
position at the moment when it has been reached, and of uncoupling them when the
time, arrives for the lug 29 to move independently of them.
Herein this is accomplished by means of a latch automatically moved upward.
and against the lug 29, so as to clutch the same between it and the co-operating.
arm. There is such a latch co-acting with each arm as the latch 35.with the.
arm, 28, and the latch,36 with the arm 30. As the construction of both is the same,
one only will be particularly described. This latch, say 36, is pivotted, at the end.
of its long, arm to a stud depending from the body of the said arm, and at its, bend,
or the junction of its two arms, it is provided with a stud or bowle 8, that travels in.
a lateral cam-way 39 provided in the lower part of the body of the block in which
is formed the guide way 32. When the rack member 22 is about, to leave.. the:
pinion 11, as in Fig. 9, and the lug. 29 and arm 30 are making contact, the stud.or
bowl 8 of this, lever will ride from the low, to the high part of the cam way 39.(see
Fig. 1), and the latch 36 thus be brought into a position to confine and hold said
lug 29 between it and the arm,30, which coupled condition of these parts will be
maintained during the slowing down, stopping, and starting, of the bed, and while.
the crank is moving from the. half point 3,, to, and reaches the point 1, as is
illustrated by Figs. 9, 10 and 11, at which latter time a reverse movement of the
latch will be made to uncouple said lug and arm, while the rack member 21 is
running into gear with the pinion 11,. and thus permit the lug 29, to, move free, as:
is shown in Figures 12 and 13.,.
The opposite. latch. 35 depends, in like manner, from the; arm 28, and has a
similar stud, or bowl, that runs in, a, similar, cam way 41, formed, in the block,
forming part of the guideway 31, and, its, complete movement,, in connection with
the lug 29, is performed when the rack member 21 is about to leave, the pinion 11,
as in Fig. 4, and the lug 29 and arm, 28. are, making contact, and its uncoupling
movement is made when the rack,member 22 is engaging with the pinion 11, as in
Fig. 6, and the lug: 29 moving away from it,, as is shown in Figs. 7 and 8.
Many modifications of this invention may be made without departing, from the.
generic character thereof; some of them, are, herein illustrated, and will; now be
- described-
The construction embodying these improvements, shown in Figs. 14 and 15,
will now be explained. The controlling arms 28, 30 are formed by the upper ends.
of rocking levers 48, 50, which are pivotted at their lower ends to the framework;
They are engaged with and disengaged from the bed B at appropriate times, by
means of a double lug constituted by two projections, separated sufficiently to form
a receiving socket,, into which said arms. may enter, which double lug thus forms
a substitute for the lug 29, and. provides bearings on opposite sides of the arms,
which removes the necessity for locking latches and the means. for operating the
same, and this double lug may or may not have the friction rolls 6. 7, as shown.
The pin of the actuating crank 27 travels in a yoke 51, to the opposite sides of
which the connecting rods, 33, 34 are attached, which rods. are pivotted at their
outer ends respectively to the levers 48. 50..
;
The bed, rack, consists, of, two, members 21 22, both of which are in the same.

page_text: horizontal plane, and fixed close to the under-side of the bed, but at some distance
apart. These racks co-operate respectively with a three-revolution pinion 10 and
an intermediate 11, both of which are held in the relation shown and in meshing-
contact, and provided with appropriate means, as that heretofore shown and
described, for-sliding them laterally on their shafts. This pinion and intermediate.
will turn in the directions of the arrows, and "their movement will, as is shown
in Fig. 15, enable the pinion 10 to turn in the vertical plane occupied by the
rack 21, and hence engage the same during the run of the bed when the impression
is made, and when the bed is moving in the opposite direction, enable the inter-
mediate 11 to run in the vertical plane occupied by the rack 'member 22, 'and
hence engage the same.
A modified structure of controlling arm suitable to be carried at the end of a.
rocking lever, is shown in Fig. 16. This consists in providing the free end of each
of the arms with a-segment rack, whose multiplex teeth will engage in an auxiliary
rack secured' to the centre of the bed.
The construction embodying these improvements shown in Figs. 17 and 18,.
illnstrates a modification of the yoke 51, in which a crank pin 27 operates. Its
connecting rods 33, 34 extend outwardly from its upper end, whereby the-con--
trolling arms 28, 30, which run in the guideways 31, 32, are brought so near to
the plane of travel of the bed, as to enable the lug 29 to be short, and the leverage
to be much reduced, and in order to steady the reciprocations of these arms, there
are end plates 54, 55, that are connected with the arms, and provided with a lower-
member 56, that moves in guiding slots provided in blocks 57, 58, attached to the
framework. These arms 28, 30, their latches 35, 36, and their mode of operation,
are precisely the same as has been heretofore described, and therefore needs "no.
additional description at this time.
'In this case, there are two driving pinions 10, 11, of equal pitch and double
width, which alternately mesh with the single rack 21, which is fixed in an
horizontal plane close to the under surface of the bed. These pinions 10, 11,
revolve loosely upon the same shaft, which is mounted in fixed bearings, and are
made to revolve constantly in opposite directions by the intermediates 43, 44, 45,
which pinions 10, 11, are so connected together as to slide bodily into position to -
bring the appropriate one of them into gear with the bed rack, and yet remain
geared with their intermediates. Of these intermediates, 43 is fixed to its shaft, ...
which in this case is the driving shaft, and it is wide enough to accommodate this.
sliding movement of the pinion 11, and yet remain geared with it, and the inter-..
mediate 44 will likewise remain in gear with the pinion 10 during such movement.
'In this form of the invention, the crank pin 27 is carried by a disc 60, and the
path of movement of such crank pin corresponds with the pitch line of the
driving pinions 10, 11.
So, also, with the single pinion and a rack having upper and lower members,.
the pinion may be on a shaft revolving in fixed bearings, and the two members of
the bed rack be so attached to the bed that, by a rocking or sliding movement,.
the appropriate member will be presented at the proper time to gear with said
pinion. This modification is shown in Fig. 19, wherein the bed rack members,.
as 21, 22, are carried by a swinging frame, which, rocked in one direction, will
engage the rack, as 22, with the pinion, as 10, and rocked in the other direction,
will engage the rack, as 21, with the said pinion.
A single driving pinion 11 and a bed rack with upper and lower members 21, 22,
as in Figs. 20 and 21, may be employed, and the pinion may be provided with
means for moving it automatically, at appropriate times, into a position to gear
with the upper member 21 and lower member 22 of the bed rack, as is required..
In the construction shown, this driving pinion 11 is mounted upon one end of a
shaft 5, whose opposite end is supported in a pivotted box, whereby said shaft is
enabled to swing slightly, and yet be rotated from the crank shaft 12 through the
wheel 14 and pinion 46. This shaft 5 is raised and lowered in its guides 59, 60,
by means of stud 9, that is embraced by the short arm of the rocking lever 25,.

page_text: .
.
.
which latter is moved by the cam 26 on the shaft 13. When the pinion is about
to be engaged by the rack member 21, it is moved upward into the plane of its
travel, as in Fig. 20, and when it is to engage the rack 22, it is moved downward
into the plane of travel of that rack member.
ર
}
From the foregoing Specification it will have been understood that the office of
the driving pinion or pinions in co-operation with the bed rack, whether single or
double membered, is to drive the bed during the major part of its movement in
both directions, and then cease to drive the bed at the time when the crank-
actuated controlling arms come into operation to finish the bed movements at each
end of its run and stop, and start them in a reverse direction. In the constructiona
thus far shown and described, this suspending of the driving action of the rack
and pinion mechanism, has been accomplished by a separation of the rack and
pinion.
It will now be shown how the rack and pinion mechanism may remain constantly
geared, and yet have their driving action appropriately sustained for driving the
bed during the principal extent of its reciprocating movements, and yet be suspended
at the time when the crank-actuated controlling arm is in active operation. This
is illustrated in Figs. 22 and 23, which show one such means. In this construction,
there is but one bed rack 21, and it has two equal sized driving pinions 10 and 11
constantly geared with it. The pinion 11 is mounted to run freely on a shaft 5
that is driven by a pinion 96 from the wheel 14 on the crank shaft 12. These
pinions 10, 11 are not geared together, but are mounted to turn freely upon their
shafts, which are driven in contrary directions by means of wheels 60, 61, fixed
thereon, meshing together, and consequently constantly revolved in the directions
indicated by the outside arrows in Fig. 22, and the shafts carrying these
wheels 60, 61, are each provided with the moving member of a clutch as.
while the other member of each clutch, as 72, 73, is secured respectively to the
pinions 10, 11. The moving members 70, 71, of these clutches, are splined upon
the shafts so as to slide thereon, while being rotated thereby, and they are provided
with collars into which extend the branching arms of an oscillating yoke that is
carried at the end of a shaft 46 that is rocked by a lever, as 25, from a cam,
as 26. It should now be understood, that both of these pinions 10, 11, will at
times be driven by the rack, and at all times must turn in the direction in which
the rack travels, and that when either of them is driving the rack, it will be
coupled by its clutch to its driving shaft, and that at the same time its companion
pinion will turn in a like direction, but be driven by the rack.
70, 71,
With the bed B travelling in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 22, the driving
pinion 11 will be clutched to its shaft, be driven by the wheel 61 in the same
direction with it, as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 22, and in turn it will drive
the bed through the rack 21, at which time the pinion 10, running idly, will be
turned in a like direction, as is indicated by the arrow. This movement will
continue until that position of the bed is reached, and the time for the action of
the controlling arm 28 or 30 herein before described has arrived, whereupon the
clutches 70, 72, and 71, 73, will both be thrown out of operatiou, and the move-
ment of the bed be thus relegated solely to the controlling arm, and both
pinions 10, 11 become inactive, although still in gear with the bed rack, their
movement following that of the bed, and being reversed when the bed is reversed
by the action of the actuating crank, through one controlling arm or the other.
When, however, the bed, having been reversed and started in the direction con-
trary to that of the arrow in Fig. 22, the pinions 10, 11 will turn idly, but in
directions which are contrary to that indicated by the arrows.upon them; but,
when the time is arriving when the controlling arm 30 will cease to move the
bed, which is when the pinions 10, 11 have attained a speed of rotation equal to
that of the pinions 60, 61, 76, and the clutch member 70 which it rotates, said
clutch member 70 will begin to drive, the bed and the pinion 11 will continue its
idle rotation in a like direction. So, also, when the time arrives for the other
controlling arm 28 to act upon the bed, both. pinions will again be put out of

page_text: driving action, and when the bed, has been reversed' by the action of the con-
trolling arm 28, the pinion 11 will again become active; as at first described.
A further modification is shown in Figs. 24, 25, wherein a single pinion; cor-
stantly geared with a single rack is made, periodically operative or inoperative by
a' clutch mechanism.
In this construction, a single rack 21 is constantly geared with a single driving
pinion 11, that turns freely between small collars on its shaft 5, and it carries fast
to each of its opposite faces, one member of a clutch. The opposite member of
the clutch, on one side of the pinion 11, is carried by a wheel'60, that runs freely
on. the shaft 5 of the pinion 11, and the opposite member of 'the clutch, on the
other side of the said pinion, is carried by a wheel 61;' that also runs freely on
the shaft of said pinion 11. The wheels 60 and 61; are driven constantly in
opposite directions by means of a wheel 90; which is rotated by a pinion 96
gearing with the wheel 14 on the crank shaft' 12. This wheel 901 gears with
the wheel 60, and with an intermediate 91, the latter being on a shaft" which
carries an intermediate 92, which gears with the wheel 61. The intermediate 92.
and wheel 90 are wide enough to remain in gear with the intermediate wheel 91
and wheel 60, as the latter are caused' to slide by means of yokes 93, 94, which,
resting in collars fixed to the wheel 60, 61, are connected together, so as to be
simultaneously moved by the action of a shaft 46 and lever 25 from the cam.26.
Although the rack 21 and pinion 11 are constantly geared, it will now be under-
stood, that whenever the pinion 11 is clutched to either of the wheels 60 or 61, it,
and through it, the bed, will be driven in the direction of the rotation of said
pinion, and that when neither of these wheels 60, or 61 is clutched to the
pinion 11, it will be moved by the action upon it of the bed rack, to which
motion is then imparted by the action of one or the other of the crank-actuated
controlling arms herein before described.
In the example of printing machinery shown herein, the impression cylinder will
be provided with means for raising it bodily out of printing contact with the bod
during the non-printing run of the latter, by means of lifting devices, preferably
cam-moved, which act simultaneously upon its journal boxes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained, the nature of the said inven
tion, and in what manner; the same is to. be performed as communicated, to me
from abroad, I declare that 'what I claim is :-
1. The combination. with the bed, and a mechanism operating to. drive it
throughout the principal extent of its movement in either direction, of a controlling
arm moved to and fro, periodically engaged with the bed, and operating to complete
such movement, and reverse the bed at the end of its run, by rapidly retarding the
same to a state of rest, and then starting and accelerating its movementuin, the
reverse direction, substantially as described.
2. The combination with the bed, and a mechanism operating to drive it through-
out the principal extent of its movements of reciprocation, of controlling arms
moved to and fro, alternately engaged with the bed, and operating to complete such
movements at opposite ends of its run, by rapidly-retarding the same to a state of
rest, and then starting and accelerating its movement in the reverse direction,
substantially as described.
3. The combination with the moving bed, of a crank-actuated controlling, arm
that is moved to and fro, automatically connected with the bed and disconnected
therefrom, and operates to slow down and arrest- its movement in one direction,
and to start the same in the opposite direction, substantially as described...
4. The combination with the reciprocating bed; of two crank-actuated controlling
arms that are automatically connected therewith and disconnected therefrom, one
operating at each 'end of the run of the bed to slow down, and 'arrest its. movement
in one direction, and to start and accelerate the same in the opposite direction
substantially as described.
5. The combination with the bed and a rack and pinion mechanism operating to

page_text: drive it during the principal extent of its run. in either direction, of a crank-actuated
controlling arm moved to and fro, and periodically engaged with the bed, while it is
moving at its maximum speed, and thereafter operating to slow down and arrest
the same at the end of its run,. then to start and accelerate it in the reverse
direction, and be disconnected from the bed when its maximum speed is again
attained, substantially as described.
6. The combination with the bed and a rack and pinion mechanism operating to
drive it during the principal extent of its reciprocation, of two crank-actuated
controlling arms moved to and fro, and periodically alternately engaged with the
bed at each end of its run, while it is moving at its maximum speed, and thereafter
operating to slow down and arrest the same, and then to start and accelerate it in
the reverse direction, and be disconnected from the bed when its maximum speed
is again attained, substantially as described.
7. The combination with the bed and a rack and pinion mechanism operating to
drive the bed during the principal extent only of its movement in either direction,
of a crank-actuated controlling arm, moved to and fro, periodically engaged with
and operating to rapidly diminish such movement of the bed, arrest the same, then
start and accelerate its movement in the reverse direction, together with means
acting to bring said controlling arm into operative relation to the bed while the
rack and pinion mechanism is becoming inoperative as the driver, substantially as
described.
8. The combination with the bed and a rack and pinion mechanism operating to
drive the bed during the principal extent only of its reciprocation, of crank-actuated
controlling arms moved to and fro, periodically engaged with, and operating to
rapidly diminish such movement of the bed at each end of its run, arrest the same,
then start and accelerate its movement in the reverse direction, together with means
acting to bring said controlling arms alternately into operative relation to the bed,
while its rack and pinion mechanism is becoming inoperative, substantially as
described.
9. The combination with the bed, a mechanism to drive it throughout the
principal extent of its movement in either direction, and a controlling arm
periodically engaged with the bed, and operating to complete such movement, and
reverse the bed at the end of its run, by retarding, arresting, starting, and
accelerating the same, of a locking device coupling said arm to the bed, substantially
as described.
:
10. The combination with the bed and a mechanism operating to drive it
throughout the principal extent of its reciprocation, controlling arms periodically
engaged with the bed, and operating to complete such movement, and reverse the
bed at each end of its run, by retarding, stopping, starting, and accelerating
the same, of locking devices coupling said arms to the bed, substantially as
described.
11. The combination with a rack and pinion mechanism, operating to drive the
bed during the principal extent of its run, of a crank-actuated controlling arm
periodically engaged with the bed, and operating to slow down and arrest the
bed, then start and accelerate it in the reverse direction, and a locking device
for coupling said arm to the bed, substantially as described.
12. The combination with a rack and pinion mechanism, operating to drive
the bed during the principal extent of its reciprocation, of two crank-actuated arms
co-acting with the bed to slow down, stop, start, and accelerate the same at each
end of its run, and locking devices for coupling said arms to the bed, substantially
as described.
13. The combination with a driving pinion, and means for shifting the same
laterally on a shaft mounted in fixed bearings, and a bed rack having two members
that alternately engage opposite sides of said pinion, of a crank-actuated controlling
arm; and means for engaging it with and disengaging it from, the bed, at the end
of its run in one direction, substantially as described.
i
14. The combination with a driving pinion, and means for shifting the same

page_text: laterally on a shaft mounted in fixed bearings, and a bed rack having two members
that alternately engage opposite sides of said pinion, of two crank-actuated con-
trolling arms, and means for engaging one arm with and disengaging it from the
bed at one end of its run, and engaging and disengaging the other arm at the
opposite end of the run of the bed, substantially as described.
15. The combination of the bed and its driving rack, whose members are
separated vertically to suit the pitch diameter of the driving pinion with which
they alternately engage, a driving pinion whose axis is mounted in fixed bearings,
means for shifting said pinion from the path of travel of one to that of the other
member of said rack, and a driver with which said pinion remains constantly geared
during all of its lateral movements, substantially as described.
16. The combination with the moving bed and a crank-actuated controlling arm
that operates to slow down and arrest its movements in one direction, and to start
the same in the opposite direction, of a latch, as 36, and a cam, as 39, whereby said
latch is automatically connected with the bed and disconnected therefrom, sub-
stantially as described.
17. The combination with the reciprocating bed and two crank actuated con-
trolling arms, one operating at each end of the run of the bed, to slow down and
arrest its movement in one direction, and to start the same in the opposite direction,
of latches 35, 36, and cams 41, 39, whereby said latches are automatically connected
therewith and disconnected therefrom, substantially as described.
18. The combination with a rack and pinion mechanism, operating to drive the
bed during the principal extent of its movement in either direction, of crank-
actuated levers whose free ends act as controlling arms engaging the bed near the
ends of its run in either direction, and operating to rapidly modify its movement,
arrest the same, start and accelerate it in the reverse direction, together with means
acting to bring said levers into co-operation with the bed while the rack and pinion
become inoperative as the driver, substantially as shewn in Figures 14 to 16.
19. The combination with the type bed and its engaging lug 29, of the crank-
operated carrying frame having rods 33, 34, projecting from the upper end of its
yoke, and supporting the controlling arms 28, 30, near the under surface of the bed,
substantially as shown in Figures 17 to 19.
20. The combination with the type bed, its single driving rack, and two driving
pinions constantly geared therewith, and mounted loosely upon shafts driven in
opposite directions, of clutches for alternately coupling said pinions to the shafts,
substantially as shewn in Figures 22 and 23.
21. The combination with the type bed, its single driving rack, and single driving
pinion constantly geared therewith, and mounted loosely upon its shaft, of two
clutches running in opposite directions, and operated to be alternately coupled to
said pinion, to actuate the same, substantially as shown in Figures 24 and 25.
Dated this 14th day of June 1892
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.