IMPROVEMENTS IN ROUND OR CIRCULAR MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILE AND LOOPED FABRICS
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Beardsley, of Coal Pit Lane, in the Town
and County of the Town of Nottingham, Lace Maker, one of the firm
of George Beardsley and Company, of the Town and County of the Town
of Nottingham, Merchants, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ROUND OR CIRCULAR MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILE AND
LOOPED FABRICS."
Sealed the 29th August 1854, and dated the 8th March 1854.
PROVISIONAL, SPECIFICATION left by the said George Beardsley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th
March 1854.
I, GEORGE BEARDSLEY, of Coal Pit Lane, in the Town and County of the
Town of Nottingham, Lace Maker, one of the firm of George Beardsley and
Company, of the Town and County of the Town of Nottingham, Merchants,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ROUND OR CIRCULAR MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILE AND LOOPED
FABRICS to be as follows:-.
My Invention consists in the addition of a looped presser wheel, for the
purpose of throwing in a loose loop into the fabric over every other needle, or

page_text: otherwise, if required; also, the addition of two extra wheels connected with
the main wheel for making the fabric, so as to throw a loose or fast loop on
either side of the fabric, for the purpose of raising and carding it, in order to
form a fleecy surface of various lengths of fleece from cotton, silk, merino,
wool, spun silk, or other suitable material, which may be employed for covering
cork soles, for linings to other materials, for under shirts, drawers, blankets,
flannel, or other articles to which it may be applicable. I also purpose to
make the said fabric or fabrics by having every other needle a blank or a
point, so as to cause an additional loop, thereby creating an increase of fleece.
By my Invention I am enabled to reduce the gauge of the fabric one half,
that is to say, a 24 gauge will be reduced to a 12 gauge, and a 32 gauge to a
16 gauge; other gauges may be reduced in like proportion.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed,
by the said George Beardsley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 7th
September 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
BEARDSLEY, of Coal Pit Lane, in the Town and County of the Town of Not-
tingham, Lace Maker, one of the Firm of George Beardsley and Co., of the
Town and County of the Town of Nottingham, Merchants, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said George Beardsley, Her special licence, that I, the said George Beardsley,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George
Beardsley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and, no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROUND OR CIRCULAR
MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILE AND LOOPED FABRICS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said George Beardsley, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to

page_text: be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Beardsley, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
that is to say-
My Invention consists in the addition of a looped presser wheel for the pur-
pose of throwing in a loose loop into the fabric over every other needle or
otherwise, if required; also, in the addition of two extra wheels connected with
the main wheel for making the fabric, so as to throw a loose or fast loop on
either side of the fabric, for the purpose of raising and carding it, in order to
form a fleecy surface of various lengths of fleece from cotton, silk, merino,
wool, spun silk, or other suitable material. My Invention also consists in
making the said fabric or fabrics by having every other needle a blank or a
point, so as to produce an additional loop, thereby creating an increase of
fleece. By my Invention I am enabled to reduce the gauge of the fabric one
half, that is to say, a 24 gauge will be reduced to a 12 gauge, and a 32 gauge
to a 16 gauge; other gauges will be reduced in like proportion.
Figure 1 of the Drawings annexed represents a presser loop wheel, drawn
the full size, which wheel has a bit or point of iron, brass, or other suitable
material introduced between every other tooth, or otherwise, for the purpose of
pressing off the loops from every other needle, or otherwise, at pleasure. This
wheel and an extra thread carrier are used in addition to the wheels usually
belonging to a round frame, for causing long loose loops to be left on one side
of the fabric for the purpose of being made into a fleecy surface. When
both sides are required to be fleeced, two such wheels and thread guides are
used.
For the purpose of producing the fleeced surface on fabrics manufactured
according to my Invention, I employ the machine shewn in Figures 2 and 3 of
the Drawings annexed; of which, Figure 2 represents an end view one-sixth-
the full size, and Figure 3, a front view. a, a, is a cast-iron framing carrying
a driving shaft b, which has keyed on it a bevel wheel and pulleys, which give
motion to the several parts of the machine; c is a roller, on which the fabric to
be fleeced is wound. The fabric is prevented from being unwound too quickly
by a weighted cord passing over a pulley at one end; d, d, are two fluted
rollers, between which the fabric is passed. The lower roller has two cog

page_text: wheels keyed on
to one end, the larger one of which is moved by the worm on
the short shaft e, so as to cause both rollers to revolve. The small wheel
moves the wheel f, which causes the two smooth rollers g, g, to revolve. The
shaft e has at the upper end a cog wheel e', which gears into a similar wheel
attached to a wood pulley e", which has a belt passed round it and round two-
other pulleys at either end of the fluted, rollers. The use of this belt is to keep
the fabric extended at the edges as it passes between the rollers.. h is a square
bar, made to revolve by a strap h' passed round a pulley at one end of the bar,
and another pulley h" on the driving shaft b. h is a lever which is screwed
on to the square bar h when a cotton faced fabric is being fleeced, to keep the
bar stationary, as shewn; but when a worsted fabric is being fleeced the bar
is allowed to revolve. is a roller covered with card cloth; this roller has
two pulleys of different diameters at one end for the purpose of obtaining
different speeds, and is moved by a strap and pulley on the driving shaft;
this roller revolves in the opposite direction to that of the fabric passing over
the square bar, and it acts on the fabric so as to card the upper surface,
thereby raising a fleecy surface; the fabric. then passes between the smooth.
rollers g, g, to another card roller j at the back of the machine, which roller is
driven by the pulley and strap on the driving shaft. This roller cards out
the loose filaments and lays the fleece smooth and even. k is a strap from the:
prime mover, which gives motion to and works on a pulley keyed on the
driving shaft of the machine. ¹ is a loose pulley for the strap to run on when
the machine is not at work. I is a lever to move the strap from one pulley.
to the other.. m, m, are two iron rods bent upwards and towards the fluted
rollers, for the purpose of pressing the strap close to the fabric to be.fleeced.
The blue lines represent the fabric before and after being fleeced.
The following are amongst the number of articles which may be produced
according to my Invention, viz., fleeced, plain, textile, or looped fabrics to be
used as glove linings, cloak linings, and to cover cork soles, &c.; and fleeced,
plated, looped, or textile fabrics, having a silk, cotton, or worsted back, or the
reverse, or both sides fleeced, one cotton or silk, and, the other worsted, to be
used for lining under garments, making up into hats, bonnets, gloves, chest,
protectors, &c., &c.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim as my
Invention is,―
The addition to, round or circular frames for the manufacture of textile and
looped fabrics of a looped presser wheel or wheels, for the purpose of producing.

page_text: on one or both sides of the fabric, loose loops to be subsequently formed into
a fleeced surface, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Beardsley, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixth day of September, One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-four.
Witness,
GEO. JON. ROBINSON,
Patent Agent,
Nottingham.
GEORGE BEARDSLEY. (L.S.)