IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COOKING AND FOR OBTAINING FRESH WATER FOR USE ON SHIPBOARD AND OTHERWISE
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Russell, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR COOKING AND FOR OBTAINING FRESH WATER FOR USE ON
SHIPBOARD AND OTHERWISE."
Sealed the 26th February 1864; and dated the 1st September 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Russell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with bis Petition, on the
1st September 1863..
I, GEORGE RUSSELL, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COOKING AND FOR OBTAINING FRESH WATER FOR USE
ON SHIPBOARD AND OTHERWISE," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to combined apparatus for cooking, and for obtaining
fresh water for use on shipboard and otherwise, and has for object increased
simplicity, efficiency, and economy; and in a modification of apparatus
embodying the improvements there is a casing of a rectangular or other
convenient form, comprising one or more ovens, with a hot-plate and other
cooking appliances if required. At or near one end of this casing there is a
'furnace, which is by preference lined with fire-brick, and which communicates..
with flues for heating the oven and hot plate, and with flues which pass
through a steam boiler, these flues being fitted with separate dampers in order

page_text: that the fire gases may be directed to either the cooking apparatus, or the
boiler, or to both. The ash-pit of the furnace is by preference fitted with one
or more partitions, and with doors to each compartment, so that the admission
of air under the grate may, if wished, be confined to either compartment of
the furnace. The boiler is by preference in the form of a cylinder placed
horizontally and with horizontal flues or flue tubes, the fire gases passing
through one or more of these in one direction, and returning through another
or others of them to a casing in the centre of the combined apparatus, by
which casing the fire gases from both the cooking details and the boiler pass
to the chimney. The boiler arrangements may be modified, but care is taken
to arrange a water space beneath the flues wherein the salt may be deposited,
and whence it may be blown off or removed by means of a door. The boiler
is designed to raise steam for the obtainment of fresh water, and for other
uses if required. The condenser may be of any convenient construction, and
is by this Invention fitted with a pipe or pipes for admitting air at one or more
places to mingle with the condensing steam, and thus aerate and thereby
freshen the water of condensation, or the condenser may be fitted with one or
more self-acting valves arranged to open inwards and admit atmospheric air
whenever the internal pressure is less than that of the atmosphere, but closing
when the internal pressure is greater. When the steam raised, or part of it
is used for working a donkey or other engine, the exhaust steam from said
engine or engines is delivered into a receiver, and a pipe and cock also regulates
the admission of steam direct from the boiler to the receiver, to be used when
it is required to condense more steam than is used by the engine in performing
its work, or the exhaust steam from the engine may be condensed in a sepa-
rate and distinct condenser, the object in either case being to condense all the
steam generated in the boiler.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Russell in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
29th February 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
RUSSELL, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of Her

page_text: reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said George Russell, Her special license that I, the said George Russell, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George
Russell, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR COOKING AND FOR OBTAINING FRESH WATER FOR USE ON SHIP:
BOARD AND OTHERWISE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said.
George Russell, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, or under the hand and seal of one of them, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme.
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Russell, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement in writing, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and
to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
My said Invention relates to combined apparatus for cooking and for
obtaining fresh water for use on shipboard and otherwise, and has for object
increased simplicity, efficiency, and economy.
And in order that my said Invention, and the manner of performing the
same may be properly understood, I have hereunto appended a Sheet of
explanatory Drawings to be herein-after referred to, and representing combined
apparatus constructed with modifications of my improvements.
Figure 1 is a vertical section, and Figure 2 is a horizontal section, of one
modification of my improved combined apparatus for cooking and for raising
steam to be converted into fresh water or otherwise used.
In both Figures
the plane of section is different at different parts. The apparatus comprises, in
the first place, a rectangular casing or range 1, 1, formed with an oven 2; and
with a hot plate 3, fitted with the usual openings and covers for cooking vessels.
Towards the inner end of the range 1, 1, there is a furnace 4, lined with fire-
brick, and having an opening in the crown, which can be closed with a block 5,
and which communicates with flues 6, 7, 8, 9, in the range, and with a flue 10
at the back leading to a smoke box 11 and funnel 12. The furnace 4 also
communicates with a horizontal flue 13 passing through one lower quarter of a

page_text: horizontal cylindrical boiler 14, and this flue 13 communicates by an external
firebrick-lined cross flue 15 at the end of the boiler with a set of return flue
tubes in the other lower quarter to the smoke box 11. The fire gases may be
passed through the range flues alone, through the boiler flues alone, or through
both, separate dampers 17, 18, being provided to regulate their passage in
both directions. The ash-pit of the furnace 4 is fitted with a partition 19 and
with separate doors to each compartment, so that the admission of air under
the grate may be confined to either compartment of the furnace. The ash-pit
may be divided in this way by more than one partition if wished. The boiler
arrangements may be modified, but care is taken to arrange water space
beneath the flues wherein the salt and other matters may be deposited, and
whence it may be blown off by a pipe 20, or be removed by a door 21. The
boiler is constructed to raise steam for working winches or the like, as well as
to simply produce steam to be condensed for fresh water and to work the
donkey pump for passing cold water through the condenser. The safety valve
22 is fitted with a dead weight 23 corresponding to the greatest pressure
proposed to be employed; but as a less pressure will frequently suffice, a
tweighted lever 24 is applied to bear up under the dead weight 23, and by
adjusting the weight on this lever the pressure on the valve may be varied
below but never above the dead weight 23. The cooking range 1, 1, may be
modified in form and in internal arrangements; thus it might be arranged to
die across the end of the boiler and with the furnace in the middle or, other
*convenient part of it. The condenser may be of any convenient construction,
that shown in the Drawing comprising a simple cylindrical casing 25 con-
taining a tubular worm 26 into the top of which the steam enters by the
pipe 27 from the boiler, the condensed water being drawn off from the bottom
by the tap. 28. The cold condensing sea water is introduced by a pipe 29 at
the bottom and passes off by a pipe 30 at the top. A pipe 31 fitted, by
'preference, with a regulating stop-cock, and having its top end open to the
atmosphere, is made to communicate with the worm near its middle or at any
other suitable part-or parts, and when the condenser is in action air enters by
'this pipe 31, and mingling with the condensing steam aérates and thereby
freshens the water of condensation. Or the condensing worm 26 may be
-fitted with one or more self-acting valves, such as the one shown full-size in
-vertical section in Figure 3, and arranged to open inwards and admit atmo-
spheric air whenever the internal pressure is-less than that of the atmosphere,
'but closing when the internal pressure is greater. If necessary or desirable,
air may be forced into the condensing worm by pumps, fans, or the like.
When the steam raised, or part of it, is used for working donkey or other

page_text: engines the exhaust steam from such engine or engines is, by this Invention,
delivered into a receiver, and a pipe with a regulating cock also admits steam
directly from the boiler to this receiver when it is required to condense more
steam than is used by the engine; or the exhaust steam from the engine or
engines may be condensed separately or in a separate and distinct condenser,
the object in either case being to condense all the steam generated in the
boiler. The boiler may be fitted with piping to convey steam for heating the
cabins, such steam being afterwards passed into the condenser or not, as may
be convenient.
Having thus particularly described my said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is or may be performed, I have to state that I do not restrict
myself to the precise details herein described or delineated, but that what I
believe to be novel and original, and claim as the Invention secured to me by
the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is, the improvements con-
sisting in arranging and combining the parts of apparatus for cooking and for
obtaining fresh water for use on shipboard and otherwise, substantially as
herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Russell, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of February, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
Witness,
EDMUND HUNT,
Patent Agent,
28, St. Enoch Square,
Glasgow.
GEORGE RUSSELL. (L.S.)