IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SLICING, CUTTING AND PULPING TURNIPS AND OTHER ROOTS, PARTLY APPLICABLE TO MACHINERY WORKED BY HAND
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Wilson, of Wood Hey, Bebington, in
the County of Chester, Gentleman, and Joseph Battersby, of
Bedford Leigh, in the County of Lancaster, Fitter, for the In-
vention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SLICING, CUTTING AND
PULPING TURNIPS AND OTHER ROOTS, PARTLY APPLICABLE TO
MACHINERY WORKED BY HAND."
OTHER
Sealed the 30th July 1875, and dated the 2nd February 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Wilson and
Joseph Battersby at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 2nd February 1875.
We, WILLIAM WILSON, of Wood Hey, Bebington, in the County of
Chester, Gentleman, and JOSEPH BATTERSBY, of Bedford Leigh, in the
County of Lancaster, Fitter, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SLICING, CUTTING, AND
PULPING TURNIPS AND OTHER ROOTS, PARTLY APPLICABLE TO OTHER MACHINERY
WORKED BY HAND," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates, first, to machinery for cutting, slicing, and
"

page_text: •
pulping turnips and other roots, and consists in so arranging such
machinery that the thickness of the cutting or slicing may be regulated
to the greatest nicety without removing the cutting blades; and in
another modification of this Invention a single disc is employed for both
cutting or slicing and also for pulping...
The improvements with regard to regulating the thickness of cut are
effected by mounting the cutting or slicing blades upon hinges or pivots
in the slots formed to receive them in the disc, and in securing such
blades at the proper angle by means of a screw and segmental arm
branching from the outer extremity of the blades.
When the pulping knives are mounted in the same disc we arrange
them to recede in alternate slots with those containing the slicing
knives, by either mounting them in grooves or slides, or we hinge such
pulping knives and connect them to a ring of the same diameter as the
disc, so that by turning such ring all the pulping knives may be thrown
back simultaneously, when the machine is required for cutting or
slicing.
In order to regulate the distance of the face of the knives from the
edge of the mouth-piece according to the thickness of the slice required,
we arrange the disc to slide sideways upon its shaft and fix it in any
position thereupon by means of a sliding collar held in position by a
transverse key.
.
It will be readily apparent that this improved method of mounting
the cutting and pulping knives is partly applicable to compound
machines, viz., machinery with two discs, one carrying the cutting and
the other the pulping knives, and also to barrel or cylindrical pulping
and slicing machines.
Secondly. These improvements relate to a novel and simple method of
mounting the winch handles upon slicing and pulping machines, also
upon other agricultural machines worked by hand power, in order that;
when two of such handles are applied to a machine and only one is
being used, the other shall not turn with the shaft upon which it is
mounted. This is effected by having a small ratchet wheel keyed upon
the driving shaft, and in arranging a loose catch or ratchet within. a
recess formed to receive it in a boss upon the handle, so as to fall into a

page_text: gear with the ratchet wheel, and to remain so as long as any pressure is
applied to the handle, but immediately such pressure is removed such
loose tooth by its own gravity falls back into its recess, and the
.handle then remains motionless, even whilst the shaft continues to
revolve.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Wilson and Joseph Battersby in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 2nd August 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
WILSON, of Wood Hey, Bebington, in the County of Chester,
Gentleman, and JOSEPH BATTERSBY, of Bedford Leigh, in the County
of Lancaster, Fitter, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Second day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in tho
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said William Wilson and Jošẹph
Battersby, Her special licence that we, the said William Wilson and
Joseph Battersby, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said William Wilson and Joseph Battersby, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, usc,
excrcise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ircland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for." Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SLICING, CUTTING, AND PULPING TURNIPS AND
OTHER ROOTS, PARTLY APPLICABLE TO OTHER MACHINERY WORKED BY HAND;"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said William Wilson
and Joseph Battersby, our executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under our, or their, c or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six

page_text: Die date of ve Salu LetUCTS
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Wilson and Joseph
Battersby, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention relates, first, to machinery for cutting, slicing, and
pulping turnips and other roots, and consists in so arranging such
machinery that the thickness of the cutting or slicing may be regulated
to the greatest nicety without removing the cutting blades; and in
another modification of this Invention a single disc is employed for both
cutting and slicing and also pulping.
The improvements with regard to regulating the thickness of cut are
effected by mounting the cutting or slicing blades upon hinges or pivots in
the slots formed to receive them in the disc, and in securing such blades
at the proper angle by means of a screw and sigmental arm branching
from the outer extremity of the blades.
When the pulping knives are mounted in the same disc we arrange
them to recede in alternate slots with those containing the slicing
knives by either mounting them in grooves or slides, or we hinge such
pulping knives and connect them to a ring of the same diameter as the
disc, so that by turning such ring all the pulping knives may be thrown
back simultaneously when the machine is required for cutting or
slicing.
In order to regulate the distance of the face of the knives from the
edge of the mouth-piece, according to the thickness of the slice
required, we arrange the disc and shaft upon which it is mounted to
slide sideways through a loose collar mounted in one of the pedestals,
and fix it in any position by means of a transverse key fitted in such
collar.
It will be readily apparent that this improved method of mounting
the cutting and pulping knives is partly applicable to compound
machines, viz., machinery with two discs, one carrying the cutting and
the other the pulping knives, and also to barrel or cylindrical pulping
and slicing machines,
3

page_text: Secondly. These improvements relate to a novel and simple method of
mounting the winch handle upon slicing and pulping machines, also
upon other machines worked by hand power, in order that when two of
such handles are applied to a machine and only one is being used, the
other shall not turn with the shaft upon which it is mounted. This is
effected by having a small ratchet wheel keyed upon the driving shaft,
and in arranging a loose catch or ratchet within a recess formed to
receive it in a boss upon the handle, so as to fall into gear with the
ratchet wheel and to remain so as long as any pressure is applied to the
handle, but immediately such pressure is removed such loose tooth by
its own gravity falls back into its recess and the handle then remains
motionless, even whilst the shaft continues to revolve.
And in order that this our said Invention may be the more readily
understood and carried into practical effect, we have hereunto annexed a
Drawing illustrative of our improvements, similar letters marked on the
several views being used to indicate similar parts.
Fig. 1 represents a front view of the disc of a combined machine for
slicing and pulping turnips and other roots, in accordance with our In-
vention; Fig. 2 represents an edge view of Fig. 1, shewn in section
along the line a-b; Fig. 2" is a sectional edge view of Fig. 1 along the
line g-h; Fig. 3. is a full size view of part of Fig. 2 shewing more
clearly the method of mounting the pulping knives in accordance with
this Invention, and also shewing the application of our improved
adjustable collar; Fig. 4 represents a sectional plan of Fig. 3 along the
line c-d; and Fig. 5 is a back view of Fig. 3 shewn in section along
the line e-f; Fig. 6 is a full size view of part of Fig. 1 illustrating one
of the slicing or cutting blades mounted in accordance with our In-
vention; and Fig. 7 is an end view of Fig. 6, but shewing the cutting
blade partly open.
Fig. 8 represents a side view, and Fig. 9 an end view of our
adjustable sliding collar for regulating the position of the disc, as herein-
after described.
Fig. 10 is a side view, and Fig. 11 a front view, both partly in section,
of our improved winch handle, shewing the method of mounting the
same upon the driving shaft of agricultural and other machinery in
accordance with our Invention

page_text: -
A. is the disc plate for carrying the knives, and which is keyed in the
ordinary manner upon the shaft B; C, C, C, are slots formed through
such disc plate to receive the pulping knives D which are mounted in
slides or grooves E arranged at an angle with respect to the face of the
dise A, as seen more clearly in Figs. 2 and 3. These slides or grooves E¨
are-formed at the back of the disc plate, and the pulping knives D,
which are strengthened by being riveted to the bar D', are adjustable in
-such slides, and consequently in the degree of projection through the
slots C by means of the set screws F, screwed through the bosses G,
· riveted or otherwise secured on the back of the knives. I, I, are the '
slicing or cutting knives secured to the back plates I' (as seen in section
in the centre of Fig. 6), which are mounted in their respective recesses
in the disc plate, being hinged or pivoted therein, at either end, as
illustrated. These slicing or cutting knives I are thus capable of
turning on their hinges or pivots J, and of being affixed at any angle:
(as seen in Fig. 2ª and Fig. 7), according to the thickness of cut required,
by means of the set screw K being screwed against the segmental arm L
projecting from the back plate I', and which segmental arm passes
through a slot M formed in the disc plate near its edge, as illustrated.
The pulping and slicing or cutting knives are thus adjustable in the
disc plate, but it will be readily seen that the disc plate must recedo
from the stationary edge of the hopper in exact proportion as the
cutting edges of such knives are advanced beyond the face of the disc
plate, otherwise the cutting edge of the knives will come in contact
with the stationary edge of the mouth-piece. This is accomplished by
having a loose collar N secured upon the shaft B by a transverse key O,
such collar being. otherwise mounted in the ordinary way in the
- pedestal P. This loose collar N permits the shaft to slide through it
lengthwise and to be secured in any required position along its length
by the transverse key O, a long flat or key bed being formed upon the
shaft B to receive such key.
-
:
In Figs. 10 and 11 B is the driving shaft and Q the winch handle
constructed in accordance with this Invention. The boss R of such
handle is loose upon the shaft so that such shaft may revolve without
turning such handle with it, but the back portion of this boss encloses
a ratchet wheel S which is keyed upon the shaft. B, and inside a recess T
formed in the handle is fitted a loose wedge tooth U, which as soon as

page_text: such handle is turned by hand falls into one of the teeth of the ratchet
wheel S and so ensures the shaft turning with it as long as any pressure
is applied to the handle, but immediately such pressure is removed such
loose tooth by its own gravity falls back into its recess, and the handle
then remains stationary, even whilst the shaft continues to revolve.
The loose wedge or tooth U is prevented dropping completely out of its
recess in case tlie handle is removed from the machine by a set screw V
which enters a short distance, as illustrated, into a long slot formed in
the loose wedge. This method of mounting winch handles is applicable
to all classes of machinery capable of being turned by hand, and is
specially useful when a machine is fitted with two winch handles and
only one is required to be used occasionally, or when a hand machine is
sometimes required to be driven by power.
Although we have only shewn and described the cutting or slicing
knives arranged upon pivots, it will be readily seen that the pulping
knives may also be pivoted in a similar manner, and in this case by
having their segmental-arms connected to a ring of the same diameter
as the disc they may all be moved inwards or outwards simultaneously.
It will be readily apparent that this improved method of mounting
the cutting and pulping knives is partly applicable to compound
machines, viz., machinery with two discs, one carrying the cutting and
the other the pulping knives, and also to barrel or cylindrical pulping
and slicing machines.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
our said Invention, together with the best methods with which we are
acquainted for carrying the same into practical effect, we wish it to be
understood, that we do not confine ourselves to the precise details,
relative proportions, or dimensions of the various parts of the apparatus
herein-before described and illustrated on the accompanying Drawing, as
the same may be considerably varied without departing from the In-
vention, and what we particularly claim is,-
1st. The methods of mounting and adjusting the cutting or slicing
and also the pulping knives in machinery for cutting, slicing, and
pulping turnips and other roots, substantially as herein-before described
and illustrated on the accompanying Drawing.
2nd. The adjustable collar N, as and for the purposes described and
illustrated on the accompanying Drawing.

page_text: 3rd. The method of mounting the winch handle on all classes of
agricultural and other machinery capable of being driven by hand
power, substantially as and for the purposes described and illustrated on
the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Wilson and Joseph
Battersby, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-
eighth day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-five.
WILLIAM WILSON.
(L.S.)
JOSEPH BATTERSBY. (L.S.)