Improvements in the Manufacture of Materials used in the Purification and Filtration of Sewage and other Liquids.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Aug., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 4th May, 1893-Accepted, 10th June, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Materials used in the
Purification and Filtration of Sewage and other Liquids.
I, CHARLES ERNEST BELL, of Park House, Durham, in the County of Durham
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
I take any natural carbouate of iron such as is found in the Cleveland Hills,
Yorkshire, or hydrated oxide of iron and place the said material, broken to a
suitable size, in a kiln or chamber such as is used for burning bricks.
This kiln or chamber has a smaller chamber near it which is used as a
combustion chamber.
Ordinary gas, from a gas producer, or gas from coke ovens, or carbonic oxide
gas, or any combustible gas is then introduced mixed with air into the combustion
chamber and lighted, the products of such combustion are then passed into the
large chamber or kiln until the heat therein is a dull red not sufficiently high to
melt or scorify the material being treated, care being taken that there shall
always be an excess of gas so that no, or as little as possible, free oxygen may
be present.
This process is continued until all the carbonic acid or carbonic oxide is evolved
from the material. As soon as this point is arrived at, only such a quantity of
air or oxygen is admitted or allowed to be present, as will, when combined with
the material treated, give the desired peroxide or protoxide of iron or a mixture
of both as may be desired.
Dated this 5th day of Aummet 1800
C. ERNEST BELL.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Materials used in the
Purification and Filtration of Sewage and other Liquids.
1, CHARLES ERNEST BELL, of Park House, Durham, in the County of Durham,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
I take any natural carbonate of iron such as is found in the Cleveland Hills
Yorkshire, or hydrated oxide of iron and place the said material, broken to a
suitable size, in a kiln or chamber such as is used for burning bricks.
This kiln or chamber has a smaller chamber near it which is used as a
combustion chamber.
Ordinary gas, from a gas producer, or gas from coke ovens, or carbonic oxide
gas, or any combustible gas is then introduced mixed with air into the combustion
chamber and lighted the products of such combustion are then passed into the
large chamber or kiln until the heat therein is a dull red not sufficiently high to
melt or scorify the material being treated, care being taken that there shall
always be an excess of gas so that no, or as little as possible, free oxygen may
be present.
This process is continued until all the carbonic acid or carbonic oxide is evolved
from the material. As soon as this point is arrived at, only such a quantity of
air or oxygen is admitted or allowed to be present as will when combined with the
material treated, give the desired peroxide or protoxide of iron or a mixture of
both as may be desired.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The manufacture of a material suitable for use in the purification of sewage
and other liquids by roasting iron ore (such as herein stated) with exclusion of air
and afterwards admitting air to supply oxygen in regulated quantity to produce the
degree of oxidation desired.
2. The treatment of iron ore (such as herein stated) by heating it in a kiln or
oven cominunicating with a combustion chamber in which gas and air are burnt
whilst the products of combustion and unconsumed gas pass into the kiln or oven
and afterwards when the contents of the kiln or oven are sufficiently roasted,
admitting air to supply oxygen in regulated quantity to produce the degree of
oxidation desired.
Dated this 6th day of Anril 1893
CHARLES ERNEST BELL.