IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF- BINDING PORTFOLIOS OR HOLDERS FOR NEWSPAPERS, MUSIC, DOCUMENTS, LETTERS, AND OTHER PAPERS, OR FOR WOVEN OR OTHER FABRICS OR ARTICLES WHICH IT MAY BE DESIRABLE TO BIND OR HOLD TOGETHER
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward George Chant, of London, in tho County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invontion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-
BINDING PORTFOLIOS OR HOLDERS FOR NEWSPAPERS, MUSIC, DOCUMENTS, LETTERS,
AND OTHER PAPERS, OR FOR WOVEN OR OTHER FABRICS OR ARTICLES WHICH IT
MAY BE DESIRABLE TO BIND OR HOLD TOGETHER."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward George Chant at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th September 1862.
I, EDWARD GEORGE CHANT, of London, in the County of Middlesex, Gentle-
man, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN SELF-BINDING PORTFOLIOS OR HOLDERS FOR NEWSPAPERS, MUSIC, DOCUMENTS,
LETTERS, AND OTHER PAPERS, OR FOR WOVEN OR OTHER FABRICS OR ARTICLES WHICH
IT MAY BE DESIRED TO BIND OR HOLD TOGETHER," to be as follows:-
My Invention has reference to the clipping and securing the papers or
other articles by and at the back or folding or hinged portion of the portfolio

page_text: or bolder, and consists in effecting this clipping and securing by means of
cords, strings, or equivalents for cords or strings passing from one leaf or side
of the portfolio or holder to the other leaf or side and by loops or eyes or
guides (for the cords or strings) on and at or near the back of one or both of
the leaves or holders, and by a spring compensation or spring compensations
for the varying thickness or quantity of the articles to be bound or held
together, as the same may be severally added from time to time. The spring
compensations may be effected by elastic webbing or other springs fixed to
one or both of the leaves or holders, or by elastic threads, webbing, or other
springs attached to the cords or strings; and the cords or strings may have
tags for threading through the papers or other articles to be bound or held
together, and through the loops, eyes, or guides; and the tags may be pointed
or have sharp edges for puncturing or cutting their way through the papers or
articles to be bound or held together; and provision is to be made for receiving
or securing the tags or the ends of the cords or strings to the webbing, spring,
or springs, or to the leaves or sides of the portfolio or holder, as the case
may be.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward George Chant in the Great Seal Patent Offico on
the 14th March 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
GEORGE CHANT, of London, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Edward George Chant, Her special licence that I, the said
Edward George Chant, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Edward George Chant, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-

page_text: tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-BINDING PORTFOLIOS OR HOLDERS FOR NEWS-
PAPERS, MUSIC, DOCUMENTS, LETTERS, AND OTHER PAPERS, OR FOR WOVEN OR OTHER
FABRICS OR ARTICLES WHICH IT MAY BE DESIRABLE TO BIND OR HOLD TOGETHER,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edward George Chant, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to bo per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward George Chant, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
My Invention has reference to clipping and securing the papers and other
articles by the aid of the back or folding or hinged portion of the portfolio or
holder, and consists in effecting the clipping and securing by means of cords,
strings, or equivalents for cords or strings, passing from one leaf or side of the
portfolio or holder to the other leaf or side, and by loops or eyes or guides for
the cords or strings on and at or near the back of one or both of the leaves or
holders, and by spring compensations on and at or near the back of one or both
of the leaves or holders to compensate for the varying thickness or quantity of
the articles to be bound or held together, as the same may be severally added
from time to time. The spring compensations may be effected by elastic
webbing or other springs fixed to one or both of the leaves or holders, or by
elastic thread, webbing, or other springs attached to the cords or strings, which
may have tags for threading through the papers or other articles to be bound
or held together, and through the loops, eyes, or guides. The tags may be
pointed or have sharp edges for puncturing or cutting their way through the
papers or articles to be bound or held together; and I prefer to make each of
these tags or needles (as they may be termed) flat and grooved on each side
for half their length from the end furthest from the point, in order that the
cord which passes through the eye of such tag or needle (which is near the
middle thereof) may be received and fit into the same, so as to avoid as far as
may be increasing the size of the hole made in the things clipped or held
in this portfolio made by the tag or needle. Provision is made for receiving
or securing the tags or the ends of the cords or strings to the webbing
or other springs, or (when the strings or cords are the elastic compen-

page_text: sation) to the leaves or sides of the portfolio or holder,, as the case may
require.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and incidentally
alluded to the manner of performing the same, I now proceed to further par-
ticularly describe and ascertain in what manner the same is to be performed
as required by the said condition in the aforesaid Letters Patent contained,
wherein I shall refer to the illustrative Drawings accompanying this Specifica-
tion by the words. figures, and letters following that is to sav
as required by the said condition in the aforesaid Letters Patent contained,
wherein I shall refer to the illustrative Drawings accompanying this Specifica-
tion by the words, figures, and letters following, that is to say :-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
The Drawing shews by one view a portfolio or holder lying open. A, being
one side or leaf of the cover; B, the back; and C, the other side or leaf of the
cover.
The side A at the edge of the cover joining the back has metal eyes
or loops D, D, fixed therein, to which the cords or strings E, E, are secured,
these being by preference endless or double cords or strings passed through
the said eyes or loops D, D, and secured thereto by slip knot or otherwise;
these cords or strings have each previously to being made endless or double to
be passed through the eye or orifice at or near the middle of each of tho
tags or needles F, F, which are, as before mentioned, made flat, with grooves
at both sides extending from the ends farthest from the points thereof to half
the length, that is, to the said eye or orifice, in order to allow the said cords or
strings to fit therein. The tag or needle is to be threaded through the sheets,
leaves, or things to be holden, and then passed through the metal loops, eyes,
or guides c on the edge of the side or leaf A, and the tag or needle is then to
be passed into the metal loop Fx, by which from its form it will not be dis-
engaged without intentional movement. Said loop F* being secured to an
endless or double band of india-rubber webbing G, which forms the spring
compensation, the other end of this webbing being secured to the metal loop
or eye secured to the side or leaf A. Instead of securing the one end of
the cord to the eyes or loops D, D, the same may have a tag at that end as
well as the other, and be attachable in the same manner to a similar webbing
or spring to that shewn at G, to be secured to the cover or leaf C, or the cord
or spring may be permanently secured to the webbing or spring G without a
tag or needle. By these arrangements double spring compensation will be
obtained.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I hereby declare

page_text: that I claim for the purposes of my said Invention as aforesaid the use of the
arrangements of strings or cords, or their equivalents, and spring compensations
as herein-before set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward George Chant, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of March in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
EDWARD GEORGE CHANT. (LS.)
Witness,
B. WALKER,
Clerk to General Patent Comp., Limd.,
71, Fleet Street.