IMPROVEMENTS IN DEODORIZING SEWAGE WATER AND CESSPOOLS, AND IN MANUFACTURING MANURES
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jacques Francisque Pinel, of Pall Mall, in
the County of Middlesex, Agricultural Chemist, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN DEODORIZING SEWAGE WATER AND CESSPOOLS,
AND IN MANUFACTURING MANURES."
Sealed the 1st July 1853, and dated the 8th March 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jacques Francisque
Pinel at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 8th March 1853.
I, JACQUES FRANCISQUE PINEL, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DEODORIZING SEWAGE WATER AND
CESSPOOLS, AND IN MANUFACTURING MANURES," to be as follows; viz.-
My Invention refers to deodorizing or purifying the water or con-
tents of the sewers by the application of the following chemicals;
namely, sulphate of zinc, potass, alum, chloride of sodium, and sand,
which precipitates the solid matter contained in the above sewer water
or cesspools, &c., and afterwards manufacturing the solid residue so
deposited into a manure, by combining them with the substances which
concentrate the gases necessary to vegetation with the following

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Jacques Francisque Pinel, in the Great Seal
Patent Office, on the 8th September 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
JACQUES FRANCISQUE PINEL, of Pall Mall, in the County of Middlesex,
Agricultural Chemist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent bearing date the Eighth day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the sixteenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Jacques Francisque Pinel, Her special licence,
that I, the said Jacques Francisque Pinel, my executors, administra-
tors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Jacques Francisque
Pinel, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DEODORIZING SEWAGE WATER AND CESSPOOLS,
AND IN MANUFACTURING MANURES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Jacques Francisque Pinel, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and scal, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jacques Francisque Pinel, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:
'

page_text: My Invention consists in or has reference to deodorizing sewerage
water and cesspools, and manufacturing manures, by the application of
the following matters and things, in manner hereafter stated; to the
contents of sewers, cesspools; and other places affording cesspool matter
or sewage water; that is, I apply to such sewage water sulphate of zinc,
potass; alum, chloride of sodium, and sand, so as to precipitate the solid
matter contained in such cesspools and sewage water, and manufacture
the solid residue so deposited into manure by combining it with the
substances that will concentrate the gases necessary to vegetation, as
hereafter stated; for instance, waste tan, pulverized chloride of sodium,
nitrate of potass, soot, ashes, slaked lime, and muriate of ammonia.
The sewerage or cesspool matter or other refuse of towns is first collected
into suitable tanks or reservoirs, either in a liquid or solid state, when I
deodorize and precipitate the solid matter with the following compound
of the substances above-named; in the proportions as follows to each
ton of solid matter, viz. :-
6 (lbs.) pounds alum,
4 (lbs.) pounds sulphate zinc,
1 (lb.) pound chloride of sodium or muriate of soda,
2 (lbs.) pounds sand (washed),
2 ounces sulphate of copper.
After the above are well mixed together, I then throw the compound
mass so formed into the sewerage water or night soil in the above reser-
voirs, and the sewerage is then stirred to mix it well together, and after it
has been well stirred I let it stand for, say 30 minutes, to precipitate.
After the solid matter has subsided, I draw off the water by means of
syphons or otherwise, and from the solid matter so collected I make a
fertilizing manure by adding as follows for each ton of the compound
mass obtained, viz.: 6 bushels of carbonized waste tan in powder (or
the same proportion of coal ashes or saw-dust previously dried may be
used); these I use as absorbents, to absorb and retain the ammonia
and other gases and fertilizing matters contained in the sewerage or
cesspool matter; and to the above absorbents I add, also, for absorb-
ing the gases and fertilizing matters, 3 bushels of soot, 12 (lbs.) pounds
chloride of sodium or muriate of soda, 12 (lbs.) pounds nitrate of

page_text: potass or nitrate of soda, and to these are added about 1 peck of
slacked lime for each ton; and so I form the above fertilizing manure;
and 25 (lbs.) pounds phosphate of lime, and 35 (lbs.) pounds muriate
of ammonia (or the sulphate of ammonia may be substituted with
effect). I then spread the mass so compounded out to dry, and let it
remain for drying, say from 8 to 10 days, when it is ready for the
market.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I further declare that what I
claim in respect thereof is the Invention as herein-before set forth and
described.
In witness whereof I, the said Jacques Francisque Pinel, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this 2nd day of September,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-three.
JACQUES FRANCISQUE PINEL. (L.s.)
Signed & sealed in my presence,
F. W. CAMPIN,
Patent Agent, Strand.