IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Henry Pickles at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd October 1882.
JOSEPH HENRY PICKLES of Burnley in the county of Lancaster "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING "
Firstly. The object of my invention is to put into cloth the same number of picks
per inch throughout all its length being especially applicable when weaving light
cloth. It is well understood by all conversant with quick looms that the
momentum given to the slay causes it to beat up further after the loom as got,
fairly to work than what it does when the loom is only just starting.
Besides the momentum given to the slay the quick speed at which the loom is
running causes some parts to spring and when the bearings of the shafts and
crank are worn they all add to the increased throw of the slay hence the weft
threads are beaten up closer before the loom stops than when just starting.
To overcome this unequal weaving and to compensate for the increased throw of
the slay is the object of my invention and this I accomplish by the employment of
mechanism which removes the tension of the cloth and allows it to slacken when
the loom is stopped so that the pressure of the warp will draw the last shoot of
weft nearer the reed consequently when the loom is set on the slay will reach
the weft before it receives the momentum given to it after the loom has made a
few picks.
The mechanism I employ consists of a roller or bar placed between the breast beam
and cloth roller. This roller is placed in contact with the cloth and its distance
from the slay is determined by self acting mechanism
It is so arranged that when the loom is running at full speed and the slay
making its longest stroke this roller is at its furthest distance from the slay keeping
the cloth at a suitable tension; but when the loom is stopped the strap fork handle
pushes a sliding bar (having wedge shaped projections thereon) out of its
position which releases the said roller bringing it nearer the slay and slackening
the cloth.
In connection with the roller are one or more rods placed at right angles there-
with aud of such a length that when the loom is started the slay will strike the

page_text: ends thereof pushing them and the said roller a certain distance further away from
the slay, upon which a spring draws the sliding bar and wedge shaped projections
into position for holding the roller against the cloth which it keeps at a tension until
relieved by the stopping of the loom.
Instead of employing apparatus as above described for slackening and tightening
the cloth for the purpose of allowing the reed to meet the last shoot of weft when
the loom is restarted. I may employ other forms of apparatus such as the breast
beam, cloth beam or sand beam being made capable of moving in their bearings
and so slackening and tightening the cloth. Instead of allowing the cloth to
slacken or tighten so that the reed can reach the weft on the loom resuming to run
strong spiral springs may be employed attached to the breast beam and to a sliding
bar capable of being connected and disconnected to the slay so that when the loom
has started the spiral springs will be engaged with the slay and pull the reed up
to the weft but as soon as the loom has got to its speed the springs are detached
from the slay.
Secondly. This part of my invention has reference to the taking up mechanism.
In practice it is found when the weft is broken or used up that a pick or two will
be made befor the weft fork detects the absence of thread, and in consequence of
the speed of the loom one or more picks will be made after the weft fork has
acted hence the ratchet wheel employed for taking up the cloth will have been
moved one or two teeth such teeth having afterwards to be pulled back by the
weaver.
My invention is intented to do this by self-acting mechanism which I effect by
the employment of two catches placed on the taking up lever one being used to
push and the other to pull. The taking up lever is placed in a vertical position
Över the centre of the ratchet wheel and the holding catch is placed between the
two catches previously mentioned so that when the holding catch is lifted clear of
the ratchet wheel a stud projecting therefrom will lift one or other of the two
catches from the teeth of the ratchet wheel whereby the teeth taken up when the
loom was stopping will run back.
Thirdly. My invention has reference to means employed for preventing oil used
for lubricating the crank shaft from getting on the surface of the brake pulley-
this I accomplish by casting or otherwise fixing a cap or annular ring on the boss
of the brake pulley into which the oil runs when the loom is standing and from
which it cannot escape by the centrifugal force of the pulley when in motion