Year: 1888

page_text: --
Date of Application, 7th Apr., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 7th Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 23rd Feb., 1889
I, WILLIAM ALEXANDER CARDWELL of The Moat Croft, Eastbourne, in the County
of Sussex, Lieutenant Colonel of Volunteer Artillery, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements upon an invention for which I obtained
Provisional Protection dated December 12th 1887 No. 17107.
For this purpose, and as described in the specification accompanying my application
for the said Provisional Protection, 1 employ a framework of any suitable material
provided with a rigid top and bottom and flexible sides.
Instead however of hinging both of the ends carrying the lenses to the top or bottom, or
to parts carried thereby, as described in my said Provisional Specification, I, according
to my present invention, hinge only the front end to the top or bottom, so that it will
be capable of folding thereon and I make the rear end a fixture but hinge it to both
bottom and top to allow of the instrument being compressed and I cause it to carry
the back lenses, which are of small diameter and are fitted into eye pieces in the usual
manner.
-
These back lenses are capable of receiving motion through a milled wheel and
connections in the usual manner in order to adjust the instrument to the required
focus.
'
.
When the instrument is in use the front end thereof is placed in a vertical position
and there held by any suitable means and thus expands and retains the instrument in
proper form, but when out of use the front end will be folded down upon the top or
bottom of the frame when the instrument may be compressed and caused to assume a
convenient form for carrying in the pocket.
If desired hinged or other shutters or covers may be employed to close the front
and rear of the instrument when in its folded condition.
By means of my present invention I simplify the construction of the instrument,
reduce the weight thereof, and render it easier of manipulation.
$1000

page_text: орога, голи, ани магнето.
I, WILLIAM ALEXANDER CARDWELL of The Moat Croft, Eastbourne, in the County
of Sussex, Lieutenant Colonel of Volunteer Artillery, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be. particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements upon an invention for which I obtained
Letters Patent dated December 12, 1887, No. 17107.
For this purpose, and as described in the specification of my aforesaid patent, I
employ a framework of any suitable material, provided with a rigid top and bottom
and flexible or folding sides.
Instead however of hinging both of the ends carrying the lenses to the top or
bottom, or to parts carried thereby, as described in my said specification, I, according
to my present invention, hinge only the front end to the top or bottom, so that it will
be capable of folding thereon, and I make the rear end a fixture, but hinge it to both
bottom and top, to allow of the instrument being compressed, and I cause it to carry
the back lenses, which are of small diameter and are fitted into eye pieces in the usual
manner.
In some cases the rear end is fixed rigidly to the bottom of the instrument, and the
top is hinged to the upper edge of the rear end.
These back lenses are capable of receiving motion through a milled wheel and
connections in the usual manner, in order to adjust the instrument to the required
focus.
When the instrument is in use, the front end thereof is placed in a vertical position
and there held by any suitable means, and thus expands and retains the instrument in
proper form, but when out of use, the front end will be folded down upon the top or
bottom of the frame, when the instrument may be compressed and caused to assume a
convenient form for carrying in the pocket.
If desired, hinged or other shutters or covers may be employed to close the front
and rear of the instrument when in its folded condition.
By means of my present invention I simplify the construction of the instrument,
reduce the weight thereof, and render it easier of manipulation.
And in order that the said invention may be more clearly understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed, aided by the accompanying drawings, more fully to
describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section, taken on the line A B of figure 2, of an opera,
marine or field glass constructed according to my present invention, showing the
instrument expanded ready for use.

page_text: Figure 4 is a longitudinal section, and Figure 5 is a plan, showing the instrument
as it would appear when folded and out of use.
Figure 6 is a longitudinal section of the top of the instrument and its descending
flange and figure 7 is an end view showing a portion thereof, and figures 8 and 9 are
similar views of the bottom of the instrument.
Figure 10 is a longitudinal section separately of the means for adjusting the
eyepieces to the required focus, and figure 11 is a rear end view thereof..
Figure 12 is a sectional plan, and figure 13 is a section showing a slight modification
in the arrangement of parts for adjusting the focus.
Figure 14 is a longitudinal section drawn on the line C D of figure 15 of a slightly
modified construction of opera, field or marine glass constructed according to my
present invention, showing the instrument expanded for use. Figure 15 is a rear
end view thereof partly broken away, and figure 16 is a plan thereof with the top
removed, in order to show some of the parts more clearly, and figure 17 is a
longitudinal section of such modified form of instrument, as it would appear when
folded for the pocket.
Figure 18 is a side elevation, and figure 19 is a rear end view of an instrument
similar to that shown at figures 14 to 17, but showing a different arrangement of
parts for covering the eye pieces when the instrument is folded.
Figure 20 is a longitudinal section of another slightly modified form of instrument,
Figure 21 is a rear end view thereof with part broken away. Figure 22 is a plan
with part of the top broken away. Figure 23 is a side elevation showing the
instrument expanded for use. Figure 24 is a longitudinal section showing the
instrument folded for the pocket. Figure 25 is a longitudinal section of the top of
the instrument and its descending flange.
Figure 26 is a longitudinal section of the bottom or body of the instrument, and
figures 27 and 28, and 29 and 30, are respectively, front and end views of the
eye piece closing frames.
In all the figures like parts are indicated by similar letters of reference.
I will first describe the instrument represented at figures 1 to 11.
a represents the rigid top of the instrument, which is composed of metal or other
suitable material, and is formed with descending flanges or sides a¹, and 6 represents
the bottom of the instrument, which is composed of similar material and is formed
with rising flanges or sides 61, so arranged as to pass between the flanges a¹ of the
top a when the instrument is folded and out of use.
When the instrument is expanded for use, the sides thereof are formed partly
by the flanges a¹ and 61 and partly by a triangular shaped piece of flexible material 6*,
which is attached, by its lower edge, to the bottom 6 or to the flange b', and by its
vertical edge, to the frame d, in order to close the space formed by the angular
position of the flanges a' and 'when the instrument is expanded; or the flexible
material may be otherwise arranged.
The upper flanges or sides a¹ are formed with curved slots a' therein, and the lower
sides or flanges bi are provided with corresponding studs 6 thereon, which take into
the slots a² and thus limit the extent to which the top a and bottom b may be opened
or forced apart; or other suitable means may be employed for this purpose.
The rear end c of the instrument, which carries the lenses c*, is connected to both
the top a and bottom b, by means of hinges c', in order to allow of the top and bottom
being compressed or folded, and to permit the lenses c* to assume a plane parallel to
that of the lenses d*, when the instrument is expanded.
The frame d, carrying the lenses d*, is, by a hinge d¹, connected to a flange b'
rising from the bottom b at the front end thereof, in order that such frame d may
be folded down upon the bottom b when the instrument is folded or compressed, but
such frame d is normally forced into a vertical position by means of a spring lever e,
a descending flange a³ upon the top a acting as a stop to arrest the framed when it has
arrived in its proper vertical position; or the spring lever might be dispensed with
and the frame d might be raised into its vertical position by means of a cord or chain
attached thereto.

page_text: The rear lenses
are mounted in tubes or fittings c³, and such tubes c³ are mounted,
with capability of sliding, in bearings or collars c carried by the frame c, and are
connected together by means of a bar or plate c', in a similar manner to an ordinary
opera or field glass.
The required adjustment of the lenses c* for focussing is obtained in the customary
way by means of a worm or screw c³, which is, at one end thereof, rigidly connected
to the bar or plate c, the other end being supported by a bearing c² fixed to the
frame c.'
A milled wheel c is mounted on the worm ce between the bearing and the
frame c with capability of being turned on the worm co, and the periphery of which
wheel passes through a slot in the bottom of the instrument, thereby affording the
means for giving the required to and fro endway motion to the worm or screw c³. Or
the required focussing movement might be obtained by means of a rack fixed to the
rear lens fitting and taken into by a pinion carried by some fixed part of the instrument
and having upon its shaft a milled wheel or wheels.
2.
The front of the instrument is furnished with a cap or cover g formed with a
flange to act in connection with a catch on the bottom b, to close that end of the
instrument when folded or compressed, as shown at figure 4, and this cap or cover
is connected with the top a of the instrument, by means of a spring hinge g', in such
manner that when open such cap or cover is thrown back out of the way and there
retained.
The rear of the instrument is similarly provided with a cap or cover h which is
formed with a flange ¹ to act in connection with a catch upon the bottom b, but in
this case the spring hinge 2, which connects the cap or cover h with the top a, is
preferably constructed in such manner that the cap or cover, when released from the
catch 6, will be thrown back flat upon the top a and there retained while the
instrument is in use. In order to effect this object I preferably connect the cover h
with the top a by means of a kind of double spring binge, as represented in the
drawing, one pin h³ of such hinge being carried by leaves * connected to the top a,
and the other pin h being carried by leaves A connected to the cover h, the two pins
being coupled or connected together at each end and at the centre thereof by links /;
springs h coiled around the pins h³ and h of the hinge * exert a constant tendency to
throw the cover back upon the top a. Or the caps or covers g and h might, if
desired, be connected to the instrument by ordinary hinges, in which case they would
require to be turned back by hand.
The instrument is furnished with metal loops i, by means of which it may be
connected with a shoulder strap for the purpose of easy carriage.
In the modification of the focussing apparatus represented at figures 12 and 13, the
milled wheel c is placed outside the rear end c of the instrument and between it and
the bar or plate e, which is suitably shaped to receive it. By this means I avoid
perforating the bottom 6 of the instrument to permit of the passage of the milled
wheel.
In the modification represented at figures 14 to 17, the top a and bottom bare made
shorter than in the construction described with respect to figures 1 to 13, and the rear
lenses work outside of the rear end c in bearings or collars fixed to a frame c fixed
to the rear end c. In other respects these two modifications are similarly constructed,
.except that in this latter modification, the cover h is mounted on a plain spring hinge,
instead of on a compound or double knuckled hinge, as in the former case.
In the modification represented at figures 18 and 19, I substitute for the hinged
cover h, the following arrangement of parts. On each side of the top and bottom a. b.
respectively of the instrument I form or rigidly fix levers j. k, carrying cross bars j¹ k³,
to which one edge of strips of leather or other flexible material k³ is fixed, the
other edge of such flexible material being fixed to the frame c³.
In the modification represented at figures 20 to 30, the bottom b, rear end c and
frame care all rigidly connected together, whilst the top a is hinged at c¹ to the rear
end c, and the instrument is generally of a curved form to fit more closely to the body
of the wearer. The various parts are otherwise of similar construction to those of the

page_text: instrument represented at figures 14 to 17, except that in lieu of the covers
and h,
the following arrangements are adopted. The frame d has connected rigidly thereto,
close to the hinge d¹, a cover g*, which, when the instrument is folded or compressed,
comes within the catch a and is held thereby, so as to enclose or cover in the front
end of the instrument; at the sides of the rear end of the instrument are pivotted
arms j. k. carrying cross bars j k¹ and connected to strips of leather or other flexible
material, which enclose the rear end of the instrument in a similar manner
to that described with respect to figures 18 and 19, except that the arms j. k. in the
present case do not work automatically with the compressing or folding of the
instrument, but have to be separately operated like the mouth of a purse.
Although in the drawings I have represented the bottom of the instrument as
carrying the operating parts, it will be evident that such arrangement may if desired
be reversed, and the top may be caused to carry such parts, and I would also have it
understood that, in lieu of employing the flanges a' and 6' in combination with a small
portion of flexible material for forming the sides of the instrument, I may if desired
employ flexible material alone for that purpose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. An opera, field or marine glass constructed in manner substantially as herein
shown and described and for the purpose stated.
2. An opera, field or marine glass formed with rigid top and bottom a and b
provided with contracting or flexible sides a', 6', and hinged to rear end c, carrying
the lenses c; frame d hinged to the top a or bottom b and carrying the lenses d*,
each frame & being capable of folding upon the top or bottom when the instrument is
closed or compressed, and of being turned into a vertical position until arrested by
the stop a when the instrument is to be used, all in manner substantially as herein
shown and described and for the purpose stated.
3. An opera, field or marine glass formed with rigid top and bottom a and b,
provided with contracting or flexible sides a 6' and hinged to rear end c carrying the
lenses c* mounted in adjustable tubes or fittings ; and frame d hinged to the top
or bottom a or b and carrying the lenses d*, which frame d is capable of folding upon
the top or bottom when the instrument is closed or compressed, but is normally forced
into a vertical position by means of a spring arm or lever e, or other suitable spring
until arrested by the stop a³, all in manner substantially as herein shown and described
and for the purpose stated.
4. An opera, field or marine glass constructed as herein described and shown and
formed with caps or covers g and h connected to the bottom or top bor a by means
of spring or other suitable hinges, so that they will lie back out of the way when
the instrument is in use and will fold down over the ends when the instrument is
closed or compressed and be there held by catches 6* 65, all in manner substantially as
herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.
5. An opera, field or marine glass constructed substantially as herein shown and
described with respect to figures 20 to 30.
Dated this 7th Janner 1880