IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CUT PILED FABRICS
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Lawson, of 4, Sidmouth Street, Gray's Inn
Road, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CUT
PILED FABRICS."
Sealed the 21st November 1854, and dated the 23rd May 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Lawson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd May
1854.
I, JOHN LAWSON, of 4, Sidmouth Street, Gray's Inn Road, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
CUT PILED FABRICS" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in arranging series of yarns upon rollers, and then
causing lengths of such yarns to be placed upon a woven fabric, and attached
thereto in successive rows, to produce a pile thereon, threads or cords being
laid across each series of lengths of yarn, which being stitched or sewn to the
woven fabric by any suitable sewing machine, the pile is made fast. In order
to accomplish this, if for a pattern consisting of coloured yarns, the pattern of
the intended pile fabric is produced on suitably ruled design or pattern paper,
such as is usually employed by weavers. Bobbins of different colored yarns
to correspond with the first row of the pattern or design are placed side by
side, and the yarns are wound off on to a roller in the order in which the colors
occur in the first row of the design paper. Another series of bobbins of.

page_text: coloured yarns, corresponding with the colors of the next row of the design, is
wound side by side upon another roller, and so on in succession, until each row
of the design paper is represented by a series of rollers with coloured yarns
wound thereon. A piece of fabric is next taken, suitable for foundation or
back to the carpet, rug, table cover, or other article, and on to it is laid the
ends of the yarns of the first roller, representing the first row of the pattern or
design. A cord or thread is then laid or stretched over near the ends of the
yarns, and by a sewing machine is stitched firmly to the woven fabric, so as to
secure the colored yarns thereto; the colored yarns are then cut off at a
short distance from the cord or thread so stitched on; the ends are then turned
over the cord, and they constitute the first row of pile. The roller containing
the second series of yarns is then placed in a position to have lengths applied
to the woven fabric, as before, and so. on in. succession, until the pattern or
design is completed. When there is no pattern, but only a plain or one color
fabric, then only one roller of yarns is required.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Lawson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd
November 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
LAWSON, of 4, Sidmouth Street, Gray's Inn Road, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Lawson, Her special licence that I, the said John Lawson,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Lawson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with,-and-no-others,_from_time_to_time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFAC-
TURE OF CUT PILED FABRICS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said John Lawson, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to

page_text: be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Lawson, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof (that is to say):
This Invention consists in arranging series of yarns upon rollers and then
causing lengths of such yarns to be placed upon a woven fabric, and attached
thereto in successive rows, to produce a pile thereon, threads or cords being laid
across each series of lengths of yarn, which being stitched or sewn to the
woven fabric by any suitable sewing machine, the pile is made fast. In order
to accomplish this; if for a pattern consisting of colored yarns, the pattern of
the intended pile fabric is produced on suitably ruled design or pattern paper,
such as is usually employed by weavers. Bobbins of different colored yarns,
to correspond with the first row of the pattern or design, are placed side by
side, and the yarns are wound off on to a roller in the order in which the colors
occur in the first row of the design paper. Another series of bobbins of
colored yarns, corresponding with the colours of the next row of the design, is
wound side by side upon another roller, and so on in succession, until each row
of the design paper is represented by a roller with colored yarns wound thereon.
A piece of fabric is next taken, suitable for a foundation or back to the carpet,
rug, table cover, or other article, and on to it is laid the ends of the yarns of
the first roller, representing the first row of the pattern or design. A cord or
thread is then laid or stretched over near the ends of the yarns, and by a
sewing machine is stitched firmly to the woven fabric, so as to secure the
colored yarns thereto; the colored yarns are then cut off at a short distance
from the cord or thread so stitched on; the ends are then turned over the cord,
and they constitute the first row of pile. The roller containing the second
series of yarns is then placed in a position to have lengths applied to the woven
fabric, as before, and so on in succession, until the pattern or design is com-
pleted. When there is no pattern, but only a plain or one colour fabric, then
only one roller of yarns is required.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which
the same may be carried into effect, I would remark that I do not claim to
roll Iyarns on rollers, as herein described; nor do I confine myself to their use
in carrying out my Invention, as other modes of arranging yarns side by
side according to design may be employed, in place of winding upon rollers,
and other means of holding series of lengths or rows of yarns in a position to

page_text: be stitched or sewn in successive rows upon a fabric to produce a pile thereon
may be employed without departing from my Invention, which consists of
attaching successive rows of suitable lengths of yarns to a fabric by the aid of
a sewing machine, so as to obtain a pile on the surface of such woven fabric.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Lawson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Witness,
S. CARPMAEL.
JOHN LAWSON. (L.S.)