Improvements in the Manufacture of Wilton and Moquette Carpets.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 6th May, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 5th Mar, 1890-Accepted, 5th Apr, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECÍFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Wilton and Moquette Carpets.
I, RICHARD BRANWOOD LOYND, of Worcester, in the County of Worcester, and
State of Massachusetts, one of the United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of my said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF WILTON AND MOQUETTE CARPETS," to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the manufacture of Wilton and Moquette carpets, so called,
and the object of my invention is to manufacture Wilton and Moquette carpets much
more rapidly than is done at the present time, and also to make a Moquette carpet of
much finer texture than is made at the present time
And my invention consists in an improvel method of manufacturing Wilton and
Moquette carpets, and in an improved product made by said method
By my improved method I dispense with the wires used in making Wilton carpet,
and I dispense with the tuft needles used in making Moquette carpet, and I produce
simultaneously on the same loom, a Wilton and Moquette carpet.
In all Wilton and Moquette carpets the general structure is the same, that is the
tufts are put in in straight rows in the direction of the warp, and between each row of
tufts is put a series of warp threads, so interwoven with the filling as to form the
backing which holds the tufts
A Wilton carpet is a cut pile fabric in which all the tuft yarn used in it, is carried
in the body of the cloth as warp. Several colors or shades of the tuft yarn are
drawn into each dent in the reed, any one of them, by means of a jacquard may be
raised from the others to form the tufts on the given pick, the rest of the tuft
yarn going in dead" in the space under the row of tufts and between two series of
backing warps
Heretofore Wilton carpets have been made by inserting a wire in the shed,
over which the tuft yarn is folded, and by the withdrawal of which the tuft yarn
18 cut
A Moquette carpet is a cut pile fabric in which none of the tuft yarn is carried in
the body of the cloth as warp.
Heretofore Moquette carpets have been made by inserting the tuft yarns by means
of needles.
In all Moquette carpets made by tuft needles, in order to have space between the
series of back warps to insert the tuft needles, the pitch is comparatively coarse, about
five tufts per inch
In Wilton carpets made with wires, in order to have a wire of sufficient stiffness
to be successfully thrust into the shed, the fineness of pitch is limited to about ten
tufts per inch
I will now proceed to describe more fully my improved method of manufacturing
Wilton & Moquette Carpets, which will be more readily understood by referring to the
accompanying drawing in which
Figure 1 represents, in sectional elevation, the double Wilton & Moquette Carpet,
not cut apart manufactured by my improved method,

page_text: Figs 2. 3 & 4 represent the position of the warp threads in the successive
sheds, used in making the same on a double shuttle loom, all on an enlarged
scale
In Fig 2, 1 and 2 are a pair of backwarp threads and 3 the stuffer backwarp
thread, of my Moquette carpet which I have here represented as being the top fabric
in the double fabric shewn 4 & 5 are a pair of back warp threads which are here
worked in the lower piece of fabric, in the double fabric which is my Wilton Carpet.
6 is the body of the tuft yarn carried in the Wilton carpet and 7 the shade of tuft
yarn, lifted to make the tufts
The shed represented in fig 2 is here supposed to be in a double shuttle loom in
which a shuttle is sent through both sheds at the same time, the shuttle in the Wilton
carpet going across on the race 8 & the shuttle in the Moquette carpet going across on
the bottom warps of the top fabric.
The face of reed 9 is shewn as partly beaten up. Picks of filling 10 & 11 being
beaten home the warps are shifted to the position shown in fig. 3 in which 1 & 2 of
the top fabric remain as in fig 2 while stuffer 3 goes down to the bottom of the top
shed. Warps 4 & 5 remain as in fig 2, while the body of the tuft yarn 6 and the
tuft shade 7 are both carried to the bottom line of the bottom shed. Picks of filling
12 & 13 are now put in & beaten home and the warps shifted to the position shewn
in fig. 4, in which stuffer 3 in the top fabric remains as in fig. 3, 1 & 2 being
shifted.
Warps 5 & 6 in the lower fabric have been shifted and the body of the tuft yarn 6
remains as in fig. 3. The beating in of filling 13 has carried the tuft shade 7 back into
the body of the tuft yarn, thus completing the double loop of the tuft over the shot
of filling 10 which takes the place of the wire in the ordinary method of weaving
Wilton carpet.
Picks of filling 14 & 15 are now put in and beaten home, after which stuffer 3
and another shade of tuft yarn are raised as in fig. 2 & the operation may be
repeated.
It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art, that by changing the size
of the filling & tuft yarn, I can make the Moquette fabric coarser or finer than the
Moquette carpet made by the old method, and I can make the Wilton fabric courser or
finer than the Wilton carpet made by the old method.
In Moquette carpet weaving as heretofore practised, the dipping of the tuft needles
into the warp, the changing of one set of tuft needles for another between succeeding
tufts, and the putting in of filling by a needle, has made that method a necessarily
slow one.
The speed of Wilton carpet weaving as heretofore practised, has also been necessarily
slow in order to handle the wires.
I have dispensed with all these limitations, and bave nothing to prevent greatly
increasing the speed of the loom, in addition to this by my method I produce double
the amount of Wilton and Moquette carpet, and I can make two or three times the
production heretofore obtained by the old method of manufacture.
The double Wilton and Moquette carpet made by my method is cut apart by
severing the pile which binds the two together, which is ordinarily done either in the
loom or in a separate machine.
Dated this 6th day of May 1889.

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Wilton and Moquette Carpets.
I, RICHARD BRANWOOD LOYND, of Worcester, in the County of Worcester, and
State of Massachusetts, one of the United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
WILTON AND MOQUETTE CARPETS, and in what manner the Same 15 to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:--
My invention relates to the manufacture of Wilton and Moquette carpets so calle 1,
and the object of my invention is to manufacture Wilton and Moquette carpets much
more rapidly than is done at the present time, and also to make a Moquette carpet of
much finer texture than is made at the present time.
And my invention consists in an improved method of manufacturing Wilton and
Moquette carpets, and in an improved product made by said method
By my improved method I dispense with the wires used in miking Wilton carpet,
and I dispense with the tuft needles used in making Moquette carpet, and I produce
simultaneously on the same loom a Wilton and a Moquette carpet
In all Wilton and Moquette carpets the general structure is the same,
that 13, the
tufts are put in in straight rows in the direction of the warp, and between each row of
tufts is put a series of warp threads, so interwoven with the filling as to form the
backing which holds the tufts
A Wilton carpet is a cut pile fabric in which all the tuft yarn used in it, is carried
in the body of the cloth as warp. Several colors or shades of the tuft yarn are drawn
into each dent in the reed, any one of them, by means of a jacqu.id, may be raised
from the others to form the tuft on the given pick, the rest of the tuft yarn going in
"dead" in the space under the row of tufts and between two series of backing
warps
Heretofore Wilton carpets have been made by inserting a wire In the shed,
over which the tuft yarn is folded, and by the withdrawal of which the tuft
yarn is cut
A Moquette carpet is a cut pile fabric in which none of the tuft yarn is carried in
the body of the cloth as warp
Heretofore Moquette carpets have been made by inserting the tuft yarn by means
of needles.
In all Moquette carpets made by tuft needles, in order to have space between the
series of black warps to insert the tuft needles, the pitch is comparatively coarse, about
five tufts per inch
In Wilton carpets made with wires, in order to have a wire of sufficient stiffness
to be successfully thrust into the shed, the fineness of pitch is limited to about ten
tufts per inch.
I will now proceed to describe more fully my improved method of manufacturing
Wilton and Moquette carpets, which will be more readily understood by referring to
the drawings left with the Provisional Specification, in which,
Figure 1 represents, in sectional elevation the double Wilton and Moquette carpet,
not cut apart, inanufactured by my improved method.
Figures 2, 3, and 4 represent the position of the warp threads in the successive
sheds, used in making the same, on a double shuttle loom, all on an enlarged
scale
In Figure 2, 1 and 2 are a pair of back warp threads, and 3 the stuffer bach warp
thread, of my Moquette carpet, which I have here represented as being the top fabric
in the double fabric shown. 4 and 5 are a pair of back warp threads, which are
here worked in the lower piece of fabric, in the double fabric. which is my Wilton

page_text: carpet
6 is the body of the tuft varn, carried in the Wilton carpet, and 7 the shade
of tuft yarn, lifted to make the tufts
The shed represented in Figure 2, is here supposed to be in a double shuttle loom,
in which a shuttle is sent through both sheds it the same time, the shuttle in the
Wilton carpet going across on the race 8, and the shuttle in the Moquette carpet 5
going across on the bottom warps of the top fabric
The face of reed 9 is shown as partly beaten up, picks off filling 10 and 11 being
beaten home, the warps are shifted to the position shown in Figure 3, in which 1 and 2
of the top fabric remain as in Fig 2, while stuffer 3 goes down to the bottom of the
top shed
Warps 4 and 5 remain as in Figure 2, while the body of the tuft yarn and
Picks of
the tuft shade 7 are both cared to the bottom line of the bottom shed
filling 12 and 13 are now put in and beaten home, and the warps shifted to the position
shown in Figure 4, in which staffer 3 in the top fabric remains as in Figure 3, 1 and 2
being shifted.
Warps 4 and 5 in the lower fabric have been shifted, and the body of the tuft 1
yarn 6 remains as in Figure 3 The beating in of filling 13 has carried the tuft
shade 7 back into the body of the tuft yarn, thus completing the double loop of
tuft over the shot of filling 10, which takes the place of the wire in the ordinary
method of weaving Wilton carpet
Picks of filling 14 and 15 are put in and beaten home, after which stuffer 35
and another shade of tuft yain are raised as in Figure 2, and the operation may
be repeated.
It will be readily understood by those shelled in the art, that by changing the size
of the filling and tuft yarn, I can make my Moquette fabric coarse or finer than the
Moquette carpet inade by the old method, and I can make my Wilton fabric coarser
or finer than the Wilton carpet made by the old method
My improved method of manufacturing Wilton and Moquette carpets could be
worked in a single shuttle loom, except that cutting the filling thread, where it
passes from one tab to the other would make rather a weak selvage for carpets.
In manufacturing Wilton and Moquette carpets by my improved method, I do not
limit myself to the precise weave shown in the drawing and above described, for the
weave can be changed and modified if desired
For example, the veave could be easily modified to four shot fabrics per tuft, and
to a great variety of other combinations, which are not essential features of my
improved method
In Moquette carpet weaving, as heretofore practised, the dipping of the tuft
needles into the warp, the changing of one set of tuft needles for another between
succeeding tufts, and the putting in of filling by a needle, has made that method a
necessarily slow one.
The speed of Wilton carpet weaving, as heretofore practised, has also been neces-
sarily slow in order to handle the wires.
I have dispensed with all these limitations, and have nothing to prevent greatly
increasing the speed of the loom in addition to this, by my method I produce double
the amount of Wilton and Moquette carpet, and I can make two or three times the
production heretofore obtained by the old method of manufacture
The double Wilton and Moquette carpet made by my method, is cut apart by
severing the pile which binds the two together, which is ordinarily done either in the
loom or in a separate machine
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare, that, what I
claim is:
1. The improved method herein described, of manufacturing Wilton and Moquette
carpets, in the manner, substantially as set forth
2. The improved method of manufacturing Wilton and Moquette carpets, which
consists in selecting certain shades of tuft yarn carried in the Wilton fabric,

page_text: binding the same into the Moquette fabric, around one or more picks of filling,
and then returning them to be bound and carried in the Wilton fabric, substan-
tially as set forth.
3 The improvement in the art of manufacturing Wilton and Moquette carpets, so
called, which consists in weaving both carpets on one loom at the same time, as a
double fabric, in the manner, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 5th day of March 1890
Witnesses-
RICHARD BRANWOOD LOYND.
Hughes, Eli & Hughes,
76, Chancery Lane, London, W C., Agents for the Applicant
JOHN CLARKE Dewey.
SARAH BRADSTREET DEWEY.