A Purposes.
Year: 1889

page_text: A
Purposes.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
-
This invention relates to that class of evaporating pans which are more especially
used for evaporating brine in the manufacture of salt and which are provided with
internal heating pipes for boiling the brine. The object of the invention is to
construct these heating pipes in sections in such a manner that the same can be
readily removed from the evaporating pan for cleaning when necessary, and also to
provide the pan with means whereby a constant circulation of the brine around the
The invention has the further object to
sections of heating pipes is maintained.
improve the construction of the pan in various other respects.
The invention consists of the improvements which will be hereinafter fully set forth
and pointed out in the claims.
In the accompanying drawings:
Figure 1 is a front elevation of the improved evaporating pan.
Figure 2 is a vertical section thereof, on an enlarged scale.
Figure 3 is a similar view of the central portion of the pan at right angles to
Figure 2, on a still further enlarged scale.
Figure 4 is a horizontal section of the pan.
Figure 5 is a vertical section of part of the discharge manifold of one of the heating
sections, showing the drip pipe connected therewith.
Figure 6 is a cross section of the horizontal supply manifold and one of the mani-
folds of a heating section connected therewith.

page_text: Figure 7 is a horizontal section of part of the pan taken through the main supply
manifold.
Figure 8 is an end view of the lower portion of one of the heating sections.
Figure 9 is a vertical section of the central portion of the pan, showing a modified
manner of securing the heating sections in the pan.
Figure 10 is a vertical section of the pan showing a modified construction of the
circulating passages.
Figure 11 is a horizontal section of a portion of the pan showing the manner of
securing the glass plates to the walls thereof.
Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several figuros.
A represents the main portion of the evaporating pan forming the heating chamber
and constructed preferably of square or rectangular form. B represents a pipe
connected with the tapering top B' of the pan, and through which the vapor produced
by the evaporation of the brine is drawn from the pan into a condensor C by an
air pump or other means. This condensor may be of any ordinary construction.
D represents vertical sections of heating pipes arranged side by side in the
chamber A of the pan, and cach composed of upright supply and discharge
manifolds d, d', and a vertical series of horizontal pipes de connected at their ends
to the upright manifolds. The heating sections D are supported upon horizontal
guide bars which rest with their ends in recesses arranged in horizontal ledges e¹, «³,
formed on the inner sides of the front and rear walls of the evaporating pan, as
shown in Figures 2, 3 and 5. The upper edges of these guide bars are preferably
bevelled and enter V-shaped grooves formed in the bottom of the manifolds d, d³,
as shown in Figure 8. By this construction, the several soctions are guided into
their proper places in introducing the same into the heating chamber and are
firmly supported in place.
F represents a horizontal steam chamber or main supply manifold arranged
within the heating chamber A and extending across the upper ends of the supply
manifolds d. The main manifold F is provided in its bottom with openings which
register with the openings f¹ in the upper ends of the supply manifolds. The latter
are provided at their upper ends with projecting nipples g which fit into sockets or
depressions formed in the bottom of the main manifold F, washers or packings being
interposed between the nipples and said sockets to form tight joints. represent
vertical set screws or bolts arranged in threaded openings in the ledge e¹ and bearing
with their upper ends against the bottom of the supply manifolds & whereby the latter
are forced upwardly against the bottom of the main manifold F and are securely held
in place.
The heating sections are in this manner secured only at one end and are free to
expand and contract at their opposite ends under the influence of the heat. Steam is
supplied to the main manifold F by a pipe F¹.
i represents drip pipes entering the discharge manifolds dat or near their bottoms,
and whereby the condensed steam is discharged from said manifolds. These drip
pipes pass outwardly through packing or stuffing boxes i arranged in the rear wall
of the evaporating pan and are all connected with a main drip pipe I by screw unions 2ª
and pipes, as represented in Figures 3 and 4. The main drip pipe is connected
with a steam trap or other receptacle to which the water of condensation is to be
conducted. The drip pipes i are screw threaded at their inner ends and fit in screw
threaded openings formed in the discharge manifolds so that the drip pipes can be
readily unscrewed from the sections when it is desired to remove the latter from
the pan.
Jrepresents openings formed in the front wall of the heating chamber A through
which the heating sections can be removed from the pan. These opening are closed
by doors or plates K which are bolted to the outer side of the pan. The doors Kare
pivoted centrally at their top and bottom to swinging arms or frames K' which are
hinged to the front wall of the pan, as clearly shown in Figures 1 and 4. This
"construction enables the doors K to be easily swung toward and from the openings J
and to seat themselves squarely against the front wall of the pan, so as to form a tight

page_text: joint therewith when bolted in place. It is obvious that a single opening and door
may be used, if preferred, but when the doors are very large and heavy, I prefer to
use two openings and doors, although this latter construction compels the heating
sections between the doors to be moved laterally in the pan before they can be
removed.
The heating sections are removed by loosening the set screws and unscrewing the
drip pipes from the sections and then sliding the sections outwardly upon the guide
bars through the openings in the pan.
Whenever any of the sections require to be removed from the pan for freeing the
heating pipes from incrustations, this can be readily accomplished, and upon a section
being removed, full access can be had to each of the heating pipes and tho
same can be thoroughly cleaned without disturbing the steam tight joints in the
manifolds.
If desired, the heating sections may be secured at both ends as represented in
Figure 9. In this case the pan is provided with a horizontal discharge chamber or
manifold L formed within the heating chamber, below the discharge manifolds & of
the sections and upon which the latter rest and with which they communicate. The
upright discharge manifolds & are pressed down against the upper side of the hori-
zontal manifold L by set screws arranged in a horizontal ledge formed on the
inner side of the heating chamber above the manifolds and bearing against the upper
ends of the latter. In this construction a single drip pipe is connected with the
horizontal manifold L for discharging the water therefrom.
MM² represent descending circulating passages arranged within the evaporating
pan between the heating sections D and the walls of the pan and connecting the
portions of the pan above and below the heating sections so as to causo a circulation
of the brine from the top to the bottom of the pan on the outer sides of the heating
sections. The passages M M are preferably arranged on opposite sides of the pan
and are separated from the heating sections by upright partitions m secured to the
front and rear walls of the pan.
Instead of being located within the pan, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, these circu-
lating passages may be arranged on the outer side of the pan as represented in
figure 10 the passages being formed in this case by pipes N N', the ends of which are
connected respectively with the portions of the pan above and below the sections of
heating pipes. I prefer, however, to employ the interior circulating passages, as by
this construction less heat is lost by radiation than by the construction represented
in figure 10, in which the exterior passages are exposed to the external atmosphere
on all sides. The brine flows upwardly through the nest of heating pipes in the
central portion of the pan and downwardly through the outer descending passages
and this downward movement of the brine cnusos the salt crystals which have been
formed in the upper portion of the pan to be carried down below the heating pipes
and prevents the crystals from coming in contact with and adhering to the heating
pipes. The crystals being heavier than the brine, descend to the bottom of the lower
portion of the pan.
O represents the brine supply pipe whereby the brine is introduced into the
evaporating pan from a supply tank and which enters one of the circulating
passages M M preferably at about the centre thereof, thereby locating the brine supply
below the level of the brine in the pan.
P represent observation windows of glass or other transparent material arranged
in the walls of the evaporating pan at different elevations and through which the
condition of the charge may be examined.
y represents water pipes entering the evaporating pan and terminating on the inner
side of the pan near the windows or panes P, whereby said windows may be cleaned
from adhering salt crystals by directing a stream of water against the inner sides
thereof. The water pipes q are connected with a main supply pipe Q into which
water is conducted from any convenient source.
R represents the discharge pipe arranged at the lower end of the evaporating pan,

page_text: and R is a valve pipe whereby the discharge of the salt through said pipe is
controlled. This valve is liable to become clogged by adhering incrustations and to
clean the valve and its casing from time to time, a washing pipe » is connected with
one side of the casing of the valve which receives its supply from the pipe Q, and a
waste pipe is connected with the opposite side of the valve casing through which
the washing water is discharged after it has passed through the valve.
S represents a receiving chamber or vessel connected with the discharge pipe R
and into which the crystals of salt drop, as fast as they are carried down by the
descending currents. The valve R' is open during this operation and the lower
valve R of the receiving vessel is closed. When the receiving vessel has been
filled with salt, the upper valve R' is closed and the salt is discharged by opening the
lower valvo R², the vessel S being provided near its upper end with a suitable air
inlet cock for facilitating the discharge of its contents.
The inner metallic surface of the evaporating pan is lined with plates of glass.
porcelain or other non-corrosive material which will resist the action of the brine, so
as to protect the inner metallic surface of the pan and prevent the salt from being
affected or discolored by coming in contact with the metal.
These glass plates are provided on their rear sides with dovetail grooves t¹
which fit over dovetail ribs or tenons t formed on the inner sides of the walls of the
pan, whereby the plates are secured to the walls, as shown in figure 11.
In the practical operation of the apparatus, the brine stands about one foot above
the heating sections in the pan. The steam employed for heating the brine may be
either live steam or exhaust steam, as may be preferred.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my
foreign Correspondent I declare that what I claim is :-
First. The combination with an ovaporating pan, of flat heating sections, each
composed of a row of heating pipes and manifolds with which the pipes are connected,
the several sections being independent of each other and arranged with their flat
sides adjacent to each other, and the pan being provided in one of its upright
walls with an opening through which each section can be removed, substantially as
set forth.
Second. The combination with an evaporating pan, of flat removable heating
sections, each composed of a row of heating pipes and manifolds with which the
pipes are connected, the several sections being independent of each other and
arranged with their flat sides adjacent to each other, and a supply manifold secured
to the pan and communicating with each heating section, substantially as set
forth.
Third. The combination with an evaporating pan, of flat removable heating
sections, each composed of a row of heating pipes and manifolds with which
the pipes are connected, the several sections being independent of cach other
and arranged with their flat sides adjacent to each other, and circulating passages
arranged outside of the heating sections and connecting the portions of the pan above
and below the heating sections, substantially as set forth.
Fourth. The combination with the evaporating pan of removable vertical sections
of heating pipes arranged side by side within the pan, and guide bars arranged in
the pan underneath the sections, substantially as set forth.
Fifth. The combination with the evaporating pan, of removable vertical sections of
heating pipes arranged side by side within the pan, each composed of and
manifolds and connecting pipes, and bevelled guide bars arranged in the pan
and entering grooves in the lower ends of the manifolds, substantially as set
forth.
Sixth. The combination with the evaporating pan, of removal vertical sections of
heating pipes arranged side by side within the pan, each composed of end manifolds
and connecting pipes, a horizontal supply manifold communicating with the supply

page_text: manifolds of the sections, drip pipes attached to the discharge manifolds of the
sections. and packing boxes in the wall of the pan through which the drip pipes
pass, substantially as set forth.
Seventh. The combination with the evaporating pan, the sections of heating pipes
each provided with an end manifold and a main manifold extending across the ends
of the section manifolds and secured in the pan, of adjusting screws attached to the
pan and bearing against the section manifolds, whereby the latter are pressed against
the main manifold, substantially as set forth.
1
T
1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.