matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED ROCKET TO BE USED AS A SIGNAL FOR SHIPS IN DISTRESS, TOGETHER WITH A HAND LIGHT TO BE USED IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Theophilus Westhorp at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th April 1873.
I, THEOPHILUS WESTHORP, of West India Road, London, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "AN IMPROVED ROCKET TO BE USED AS A SIGNAL FOR SHIPS IN DISTRESS,
TOGETHER WITH A HAND LIGHT TO BE USED IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH," to be as
follows (that is to say):
:―
My Invention consists of the use of a double action rocket, which
while rising shall emit a stream of intense crimson or red light followed
by a loud report, and in its descent shall continue to exhibit the same
colored light, expiring with a loud explosion.
In combination with the above described warning signal I use a
hand light or lights, which shewing the same intense crimson or red
light and burning for not less (cach light) than from (say) 15 to
20 minutes indicate the exact locality or position of the ship in
distress, at the same time affording steady and sufficient light for carrying

page_text: These
on the special duties to be performed under the circumstances.
signals together with safe means of lighting I place in a metal case,
which may without any inconvenience be securely fixed in the cabin
door or companion way of any vessel or in the "chart house," or other
room on the bridge of steam ships, thus being at all times in charge of
the officer of the watch and available on the instant.
I wish it to be distinctly understood that this my system of distress
signals is not intended to indicate "want of pilot," danger of collision,
nor any other matter than simply and solely that of a vessel in distress
and requiring immediate help.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WIRE CARDS USED FOR CLOTHING THE CARD CYLINDERS OF CARDING ENGINES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry John Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st July 1873. - A communication from abroad by Achille
Laviarde, of Reims, France.
I, HENRY JOHN SMITH, of the City of London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
WIRE CARDS USED FOR CLOTHING THE CARD CYLINDERS OF CARDING ENGINES," a
communication to me from abroad by Achille Laviarde, of Reims,
France, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in so arranging and combining the several
parts of the card making machine that the entire number of strips of
leather required for covering the cylinder shall be provided with wire
teeth at one operation instead of placing the teeth in single strips as at
present adopted. The strips of leather when placed side to side are
pierced at one movement of the machine by a row of punches or needles,
each being fixed separately to allow of easy repairs; and after the
punching operation the shaft carrying the punches drops to allow
pincers to advance and seize the wires to enable portions of them to be
cut off, and afterwards bent to the required shape of the teeth.·

page_text: Another movement collects and places all the wires in line, and then
the wires are forced into the holes formed in the leather by the punches,
the exact movement of the wires being regulated by springs.
The pattern of the wires are arranged as desired, but instead of a few
teeth being placed in the leather as at present from one to two hundreds 5
or other required number are placed in the leather at one stroke of the
machine, and great economy is effected in the manufacture of the
cards.
AN IMPROVED REGULATOR FOR GAS AND OTHER Fluids
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Melville Clark at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 6th October 1873.-A communication from abroad by
Jules Anselme Crété, of Paris, France.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED REGULATOR FOR GAS AND OTHER Fluids,”
to be as follows:-
:-
This Invention relates to an improved regulator applicable to gas
pipes and burners, to water services, and to pipes for conveying liquids
generally.
The improved regulator is of very simple construction, and comprises
but one moving part which is entirely free, and requires neither fitting
nor adjusting, and is easily replaced.
The regulator works without the use of any liquid, and may be readily
adapted to any burner or pipe without requiring any special fittings.
It is illustrated in the accompanying Drawings as applied to a gas
burner.

page_text: •
Figures 1 and 2 are central vertical sections showing the regulator
in two positions; Figure 3 is a horizontal section on line 1-2, Figure 1;
and Figure 4 shows the regulator detached on a larger scale.
The regulator consists of a chamber or socket c made in two parts
screwing together and to the burner a, b, and enclosing a ball which
is free to rise and fall in the chamber by which the passage of the
gas or liquid is regulated. The inlet and outlet orifices ƒ, ƒ¹, are
contracted, the outlet orifice f¹ being made conical and provided with
a number of grooves ; by which the fluid escapes past the ball when
the latter is raised by the pressure into the position shown in Figure 2.
The inlet orifice ƒ is provided with a number of projecting points g upon
which the ball rests when the pressure falls.
The ball should be made as light as possible, and in the case of
gas burners be free to rise under a pressure exceeding ths of an
inch. Being of very small diameter a pea is preferably employed
for the purpose, both on account of its lightness and non-liability to
become clogged or oxidised. Peas used for this purpose may if
necessary. be previously rounded and polished. The ball may however
be of any suitable material, and be made hollow if of large diameter,
as would be the case when applied to water-supply regulators.
1
IMPROVEMENTS IN STOP-MOTION WINDING DOUBLING FRAMES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Unsworth at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
September 18783.
. I, THOMAS UNSWORTH, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinist and Doubler, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOP-MOTION WINDING DOUBLING FRAMES," to
be as follows :—
On the 7th day of August 1871, was granted to me, and Edward
Whalley, Letters Patent for "Self-stopping Winding Frame," Number
2077.
My present Invention relates to and is an improvement on that
Patent. The front part of the machine is similar to that machine
in every respect as to the eylet ended fulcrum levers and their action,
likewise in similar positions.
I dispense with catch wheels, friction rollers on bobbin spindles, and
fulcrumed catch levers for stopping. In place of these I provide a
double-sided L shaped lever, the two lower ends connected by a cross
bar; a fulcrum spindle goes through the knee corners'; above this
spindle, and between the two sides, works a friction roller, and

page_text: above this I make provisions for the bobbin spindles to run freely
in. These friction rollers are made of such a length to work freely
between flanges of bobbins, and by the friction on the wound yarn
gives motion to such bobbins.
...
Instead of (as in the before-mentioned Patent) carrying a driving 5
shaft on each side of the frame to drive the bobbins by seperate
shafts, I drive the two sides of bobbins by one shaft, on which I
place a number of friction rollers equal to half the number of bobbins
to be driven. These rollers are made any length sufficient to drive
the before-mentioned driven rollers which work the bobbins. Thus, 1
it will be seen the bobbins and spindles work freely between the two
L sides connected at the two lower ends, and fulcrumed at the knee,
is made to nearly ballance on such fulcrum centres. The bobbins and
spindles are lifted out from top for changing or piccing up. This
arranged double-sided bobbin carrier is placed in the position (where 1
the before-mentioned catch wheel and fulcrumed catch lever where
fixed). The cross bar or equivalent connecting the two lower ends
of L levers is made to be acted upon in the same 'way 'and by the
same means as the before-mentioned Patent, but instead of the catch
wheel and lever instantly stopping I stop in the same way by the 2
dropping of the lower end of L lever, fulcrumed at the knee, which
brings of necesity the bobbins and friction rollers driving away from
the driving roller on' shaft, bringing the driven friction rollers in instant
contact with a stóp bar in front, instantly stops the bobbin when an end
הי
breaks.
·
To insure friction of bobbin on the roller I fix a bar the whole
2
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND MEANS OR. APPARATUS FOR CONDENSING OR RELIQUEFYING THE VAPOURS OF ETHER OR OTHER VOLATILE LIQUID EMPLOYED TO PRODUCE COLD IN REFRIGERATING MACHINES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederic Pelham Warren at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th October 1873.
I, FREDERIC PELHAM WARREN, of East Court, Cosham, in the County
of Hants, Captain in the Royal Navy, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND MEANS OR.
APPARATUS FOR CONDENSING OR RELIQUEFYING THE VAPOURS OF ETHER OR OTHER
VOLATILE LIQUID EMPLOYED TO PRODUCE COLD IN REFRIGERATING MACHINES," to be
as follows:-
This Invention relates to the production of cold to condense or
reliquefy ether or other vapour in refrigerating machine condensers by
evaporating water by means of a current or currents of air. For this
purpose the vapour to be condensed is conveyed into suitable tubes or
vessels cooled by the application of water applied in the form of spray
or otherwise in conjunction with a current or currents of air produced
by a fan or fans or other suitable means.
IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO HARMONIUMS, AMERICAN ORGANS, AND SIMILAR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Davenport Shakespear at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 21st February 1873.
I, JOHN DAVENPORT SHAKESPEAR, of Augusta Road, Ramsgate, in the
County of Kent, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO HARMONIUMS, AMERICAN ORGANS,
AND SIMILAR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS," to be as follows:-
:―
My Invention has for its object the adaptation and application to
harmoniums, American organs, and similar musical instruments of
mechanism by means of which the bellows or the exhaust may be
worked with greater facility and so as to relieve the player from the
labour of working the same when required. For this
there are
purpose
adapted to the ordinary treadles or the rods communicating with the
bellows or exhaust lines and guide pulleys worked by their connection
with a crank or cranks on a shaft or axle mounted on a suitable framo
or standards so as to admit of the said crank or cranks being turned by
an attendant. A fly wheel may be applied to the crank shaft when
required in order to equalize the motion of the working parts. Or the

page_text: apparatus may be worked by the player. The lines for transmitting
motion from the cranks to the treadles are or may be carried under the
instrument and passed round pulleys fitted in blocks fixed to the floor,
wall, or instrument.
In some cases the apparatus or mechanism may be fixed in another
room or elsewhere and connected with the musical instrument by means
of ordinary mechanism for transmitting motion.
By the adaptation and application of such apparatus or mechanism to
musical instruments of the kind referred to they may be played upon in
many instances by persons who are now prevented by the labour required
to work the bellows or the exhaust in instruments as at present con-
structed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TEA AND COFFEE CADDIES OR CANISTERS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Paul Raoul de Faucheux d'Humy
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 17th July 1873.
I, PAUL RAOUL DE FAUCHEUX D'HUMY, of Paris, in the Republic of
France, but at present of 35, Southampton Buildings, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TEA AND COFFEE CADDIES OR CANISTERS," to be as follows:-
The Invention has for its object improvements in tea and coffee
caddies or canisters whereby the tea or coffee can be measured out as
required in given quantities. For this purpose I attach to the neck of
an ordinary tea or coffee caddie or canister an apparatus whereby the tea
or coffee can be received from the caddie or canister into a chamber of a
given size, or capable of containing a given quantity, and by which the
communication between the caddy or canister and the chamber can
be closed or shut off and the quantity already measured discharged
into any suitable receptacle.
This measuring apparatus may be made in the form of a cylinder,
disc, globe, slide, or other suitable form, and it may be made to turn on

page_text: either a vertical or horizontal axis; or it may be arranged to work in
suitable guides so as to enable the measuring chamber or chambers
therein readily to be put into communication with the caddy or canister,
and then to shut off such communication and discharge the measured
quantity.
In applying my Invention to tea and coffee caddies or canisters I some-
times mount the caddy or canister on a suitable stand or support, and
place the measuring apparatus at the bottom thereof, whereby great
facility is obtained.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARMOUR AND OTHER PLATES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Hampton, of Sheffield, in the County of
York, Steel Manufacturer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF ARMOUR AND OTHER PLATES."
Sealed the 9th May 1878, and dated the 8th March 1873.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Thomas Hampton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 8th March 1878, pursuant to the 9th Section of
the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
HAMPTON, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Steel Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARMOUR AND OTHER PLATES," and have petitioned Her
Majesty to grant unto me, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
Her Royal Letters Patent for the same, and have made solemn
Declaration that I am the true and first Inventor thereof.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Hampton, do hereby
declare that the following Complete Specification, under my hand
and seal, fully describes and ascertains the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, in and by the following
statement:-
My Invention consists in employing hematite, pig, and other metals
suitable or as used in the Bessemer process of steel making, which pig
or metals are blown in the converter in the ordinary way, but which
may be thoroughly or partially decarbonized at will or according to
circumstances either before or after the introduction of spiegel eisen,
when the contents of said converter are then run through the ladles
usually employed direct into moulds lined with loam or other com-
position, and of the size and dimensions of the required plates.
What I claim therefore as the essence of my Invention is the pro-
duction of armour or other plates made from the so called Bessemer
steel or iron, direct from the converter and without the intervention of
the present costly and laborious process of hammering or rolling, by
which not only is economy effected but increased strength of plate is also
obtained over the wrought-iron ones now manufactured.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Hampton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Seventh day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE CONNECTING AND DISCONNECTING OF THE CARRIAGES OF RAILWAY AND OTHER TRAINS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Attwood Brockelbank
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 27th August 1873. .
I, THOMAS ATTWOOD BROCKELBANK, of Great Tower Street, in the
City of London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for ** IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE CONNECTING AND
DISCONNECTING OF THE CARRIAGES OF RAILWAY AND OTHER TRAINS," to be as
follows:-
The object of the Invention is to avoid the necessity for the passage
of servants between the carriages of trains on rail or other ways for the
purpose of connecting or disconnecting carriages thereof, and the
consequent risk of life attendant thereon, and also to simplify and
render more efficient such connecting means. For this purpose the
ends of the respective carriages are provided each with a combined
hooked and looped connection, and with lifting means by which the
hook or both the hook and the loop may be turned out of the way, and
ordinary or other connecting means employed.

page_text: In order to effect a connection of a carriage with another or others,
the hook of one of the ends to be connected is raised, then on the two
carriages coming sufficiently closely together the loop of the carriage
with its hook raised comes against an inclined surface of the hook of
the other carriage, and between that hook and the loop of that carriage
to raise the hook until its end has been passed, when the hook falls into
that loop, thereby holding the loop of the next carriage and effecting a
coupling of the two carriages.
In order to effect a releasing or uncoupling of these carriages the
lifting means acts on the coupling hook to raise it when the parts
become free to be separated.
In order to raise the loop out of the way for the use of other con-
necting means, a further depression of the lifting means, or it may bo
other means, also acts to remove this loop out of the way. Springs or
weights and stops aid the correct adjustment of the parts to each
other.
The arrangements explained in relation to the connection of two
carriages applies to any or all of a series of them.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF TELESCOPES, MICROSCOPES, CAMERAS, AND OTHER OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin John William Cooke
and John Ladbury Emary at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 16th July 1873.
We, EDWIN JOHN WILLIAM COOKE, of "The Cedars," New Hampton,
in the County of Middlesex, and JOHN LADBURY EMARY, of Blackstock
Road, Finsbury Park, in the same County, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
TELESCOPES, MICROSCOPES, CAMERAS, AND OTHER OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS," to be
as follows:-
Our Invention consists in placing a concave lens between the object
glass and the eye piece, thereby increasing the magnifying power of the
telescope or other optical instrument. This concave lens may be either
plano-concave or double concave, of any length of focus, and may be
either simple or achromatic.
Our improvement is applicable to existing telescopes and other optical
instruments; but inasmuch as the use of the concave lens diminishes the

page_text: amount of light which reaches the eye, we propose in constructing
telescopes to obviate this defect by making the object glass of a larger
diameter than hitherto, or by substituting an object glass of the same
diameter but of a shorter focus.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SUNSHADES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Florentin Delmas at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
April 1873.-Partly a communication from abroad by Joseph
Piquemal, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
.
I, FLORENTIN DELMAS, of Duke Street, in the City of Westminster,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SUNSHADES," to be as follows:-
-
The object of this Invention is to provide a sunshade for travellers
without increasing their impedimenta. This is effected by fitting a
hollow stick or walking cane with a kind of fan which may be drawn
out and expanded at pleasure, and which may stand up in a line with
the stick or be set at any desired angle thereto.
One mode of carrying out this Invention is to form the top of the stick
hollow to a depth sufficient to allow of its receiving into its recess when
folded up, a circular or disc shaped fan composed of silk, cotton, or other
suitable fabric and to close the stick by a hinged cap. The folds of the
circular fan or sunshade are disposed radially, and a stiff telescopic stem

page_text: is provided for the sunshade, such stem having two slides which are so
fitted together and to the stick as to allow of their sliding freely one
within the other, and both in the stick, and yet present sufficient stiffness
to resist the pressure of the wind. The upper portion of the stem carries
at its inner end a plug or piston which fits tightly into the tubular
portion of the stem, and yet allows of its sliding freely. A loop or
button at the extremity of the stem serves to withdraw the sunshade
from the stick and expand it, and by reason of the rigidity of the stem
the sunshade will admit of being readily forced back into its recess.
To provide for the sunshade being brought to right angles with the
stick, the sliding stem is fitted (near its point of connection with the
stick) with a hinged joint stiffened by preference with cork to ensure its
retaining the position to which it is set, or I joint the stem at about the
middle of its length and thus enable the upper part of the sunshade to
be folded over. Or in place of the sunshade passing out at the head of
the stick or cane it may be projected from the side thereof through a slot
made for that purpose. In this case the sunshade may be formed on a
rigid frame, but jointed at top and bottom to allow of its folding up or
contracting in width so as to fit into the recess in the cane or stick. The
cane or stick may terminate in a point to allow of the sunshade being
planted in the ground, and this point may be covered by a cap piece
when the stick is in ordinary use.
IMPROVEMENTS IF RAILWAY SIGNALS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Snowball at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th July
1873.
I, JOHN SNOWBALL, of 2, Salusbury Terrace, Kilburn, in the County
5 of Middlesex, "Builder," do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IF RAILWAY SIGNALS," to be as follows :—
.
.
B
Heretofore it has been customary in order to ensure the correct action
of the wires employed in connection with railway signals for the
attendant to regulate such wires every few hours, thereby incurring the
risk of inattention and imperfeet execution of such duty-on-the-part of
the attendant, and in many cases leading to the occurrence of accidents
resulting in serious loss of life and property.
Now in order to obviate the difficulties hitherto experienced in
preventing the undue elongation or contraction of the wire caused by
the variations in the temperature and to atone for the influence of the
atmosphere thereon, I have invented an automatic signal wire com-
pensator, whereby the due adjustment of the wire is ensured, and the

page_text: labour and responsibility which at present devolve upon the attendant
are entirely dispensed with.
My Invention consists in the employment of a wheel made in two
sections firmly fastened together. Around the periphery of one of such
sections are formed a series of ratchet teeth, whilst around the periphery t
of the other section is cut a groove about 1%," in width, and 1 inch in
depth. Such wheel revolves on an axis resting in fixed bearings close to
the signalman's lever. On one side of this wheel is fixed a lever with
a small weighted ball attached thereto, the wire proceeding from
the signal post is passed round the groove cut in the periphery of one 1
section of the wheel, as before described, and is then made fast to such
weighted lever.
By the action of the weighted lever ascending or descending the wire
is constantly maintained at a uniform tension, and by such alternate
motion it lets out or takes up the extra wire round the grooved portion
of the wheel as circumstances may require, and thus the length and
tension of the wire are always proportionately the same.
In order to work the signal I fix an upright in the rear of the wheel
working in two sockets, one of such sockets being at the top, and the
other at the bottom. Between these two sockets and towards the lower
end of the upright is a ratchet brace of a suitable length commensurate
with the circumference of the wheel. An elbow joint is attached to the
upper end of the upright working in a fixed bearing, and to the other
end is attached an ordinary signalman's handle or lever, on pulling
which the ratchet brace gears into the ratchet teeth on the wheel, a
thereby, causing the wheel to revolve and so pull the wire which
proceeds from the signal post, which thus causes the signal to drop, and
on reversing such lever handle it allows the ratchet brace to fall clear
of the wheel and the signal to rise again.
AN IMPROVED DRAW PLATE OR BLOWER FOR COOKING RANGES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Day and Bernard Peard
Walker at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 20th September 1873.
We, JOHN DAY and BERNARD PEARD WALKER, both of Birmingham,
in the County of Warwick, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED DRAW PLATE OR BLOWER FOR COOKING RANGES,"
to be as follows:-
The object of our Invention is to facilitate the operation of converting
a close range into an open one and closing it again.
Our improved blower consists of a flat plate forming the front thereof
and provided at the back with a wing plate on either side forming the
sides of the blower, and closing them in when it is drawn out to open
the chimney aperture. The said wings are pushed into the flue when
the blower is closed, but are protected when necessary by a suitable
casing of thin fire-brick constructed in the chimney flue. The upper
part of the blower slides behind the back plate of the range and partially
into the chimney flue when the blower is open, but lies flat against the
inner surface (or that next the flue) of the said back plate when the

page_text: blower is closed, the weight of the blower being carried by the bottom
edges of the wings aforesaid, which are curved in such a manner that the
bottom of the blower rises as it is pulled forward. The curved parts of
the said wings rest on the bottom of the chimney aperture and are
notched so that the blower will remain in any desired position. A flange
is formed at the sides of the front plate of the blower and projecting
beyond the wings, and the said flange lies against the front of the back
plate when the blower is closed. The top of the opening covered by the
blower stands out from the main part of the back plate to allow of the
upper part of the blower passing behind it as before described. The said
top of the opening has also two lateral recesses to receive the flange on
each side of the said blower.
The blower is moved by a knob or handle or a small pulley or pullies
and chain with balance weight if desired.
Our Invention consists further in attaching to the bottom of the wings
before mentioned by means of pivots at the back of the said wings
sliding pieces, so shaped that as the blower is drawn forwards the sliding
pieces will gradually lower down below the curved bottoms of the
wings.
The blower may be constructed so that the said sliding pieces will
lower down on to or to the level of the hot plate, or to any other desired
level.
And our Invention consists still further in making the said wings each
in two or more segments pivoted together at the top, and having slotted
connections at the side and at or near the middle or bottom so as to slide
one over the other, and thus go a comparatively short distance into the
flue when the chimney aperture is closed. In this latter case a curved
bar preferably of wrought iron and suitably notched may be employed
to keep the blower in any desired position. Either of the two latter
improvements may be used or not as required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS, AND SIMILAR COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Simon Simmons at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
September 1873.
I, SIMON SIMMONS, of Bishopsgate Street Without, in the City of
London, Hat and Cap Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS, AND
SIMILAR COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD," to be as follows:—
The Invention relates to that class of hat in which the body or shell is
covered with alpaca, paramatta, or other similar woven fabric, and is
designed for the purpose of not only making such hats thoroughly
waterproof, light, and durable, but materially economizing the cost of
their production.
•
It is well known in the trade that all hats of the class or description
above referred to are only suitable for dry fine weather, as the nature of
the material of which they are composed precludes the possibility of
their withstanding water, therefore the novelty of the present Invention
relates more particularly to making such hats waterproof, in order to
enable them to be serviceable in all weathers. For this purpose the
ordinary body or shell of the hat is first covered with a waterproof tissue

page_text: or material, after which the fabric forming its outside covering is put on,
not in the ordinary manner on the cross round the body just to the
junction with the crown piece, but on the straight, having an overlap
above the junction with the crown, so that when the crown piece is put
on the overlap of the body piece is turned over and laid upon the top by
adhesion in a manner that presents a rounded even edge without seam
upon the crown.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CLOTHES WRINGERS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER APPARATUS OR MACHINERY
Year: 1873

page_text: tho
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at t
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th January 1873.-A communication from abroad by S. G.
Corliss, of the City and State of New York, United States of
America.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CLOTHES WRINGERS,
PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER APPARATUS OR
MACHINERY," a comniunication, to be as follows:-
The first part of this Invention relates to the construction and
arrangement of gearing by which motion is communicated from one
roller to another, whereby the rollers may be separated from each other
a considerable distance without disengagement of the gearing.
The second part of the said Invention relates to connecting the rollers
to a spring acting to resist their separation by incans of a strong iron
link at each end of the machine, whereby the force applied to separate

page_text: the rollers is taken by the said links and not by the frame of tho
machine.
The frame of the said wringer is made, preferably of wood, in tho
usual manner.
The rollers are made of india-rubber secured on iron
shafts fitted to revolve in journal boxes held between the upright posts
of the frame. The upper journals are bolted fast in their places to the
posts of the frame.
Springs, preferably of wood, are used, the ends of the lower one resting
on the journal boxes. The lower journal boxes rest in and against the
lower end of a strong iron link which extends upward and around the
ends of the upper spring.
Two gear wheels are secured respectively on the shafts outside of the
frame. They are made with long cogs that admit of considerable
separation of the rollers without disengagement; but in the practical
use of this machine the rollers are often forced so far asunder as to
disengage gear wheels having cogs of any practicable length. To meet
such exigencies I place on the roller shafts two supplemental gear or
pin wheels arranged face to face, each bearing a series of pins or studs
so placed that when the rollers are so far separated that the cogs of the
gear wheels disengage, these studs will engage, and thus continue the 2
connection of the rollers. It is evident that this peculiar construction
and combination of gear wheels, and the supplemental pin or stud wheels
are applicable to all shafts where it is desired to separate the shafts
while in motion.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN AUTOMATON BALANCES FOR WEIGHING COINS AND COIN BLANKS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Grant Smith at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
June 1873. A communication from abroad by William Smith, of
the Imperial Mint, Osaka, in the Empire of Japan, Civil Engineer.
I, JOHN GRANT SMITH, of Great St. Helens, in the City of London,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN AUTOMATON BALANCES FOR WEIGHING COINS AND COIN BLANKS," a
communication to me from abroad by William Smith, of the Imperial
Mint, Osaka, in the Empire of Japan, Civil Engineer, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements on and additions to
automatic coin weighing machines, and is more particularly applicable
to the weighted lever which actuates the marker contained in machines
for which Letters Patent were granted to James Murdoch Napier,
bearing date the 12th of January 1866, No 108, although it may also be
applied to other machines containing an oscillating shoot for the
reception of the coin blanks, and a marker actuated by a weighted lever
for regulating the amount [of each oscillation according to the weight of
the coin,

page_text: The present improvements consist essentially in the application and
use of a permanent magnet for accelerating the depression of the before-
mentioned weighted lever and marker. The said magnet is attached to
a frame or support beneath the said counterweighted lever, which
elevates and depresses the marker through the action of a rotatory cam,
as is well understood, and this magnet acts directly upon a steel bar
which is suspended by a chain from the said weighted lever. The
said marker and weighted lever are made as light as possible consistent
with strength, for which purpose it is proposed to make them of a
befurcated form, that is, of two slender trussed and stayed rods or bars.
The angle of the bearing arc of the before-mentioned actuating cam is
diminished in order to allow the oscillating shoot which receives the
blanks to rest over the receiving box until the delivery of the weighted
blank.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES TO OBTAIN PAPER PULP AND FIBRES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Bevan and Thomas
Drew at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 14th March 1873.
We, EDWARD BEVAN, of Birkenhead, in the County of Chester,
Watch Manufacturer, and THOMAS DREW, of Tranmere, in the same
County, Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES TO OBTAIN
PAPER PULP AND FIBRES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in subjecting woody substances, grasses, straw,
reeds, rags, and other vegetable matters to the action of a saturated
or partly saturated solution of common salt, to which is added caustic
soda or an alkali for the purpose of freeing the fibres from resin, gum,
silicious and other objectionable matters. The said vegetable substances
may be treated by or placed in the said solution either in the cold or hot
state; in ordinary working the solution whilst containing the fibres is
heated in a closed revolving or other boiler under pressure, or an open
vat may be used. The quantity of caustic soda or alkali used will
vary with the matters under treatment; from one to twenty-five per

page_text: cent. of the weight of the common salt may be used, the latter being
the quantity for woody substances, but the essential feature of our
Invention is the treatment of vegetable substances by a solution
containing chloride of sodium in excess or forming a large proportion of
the other chemical substances employed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Stead Crosland at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd August 1878.
I, JAMES STEAD CROSLAND, of the City of Manchester, in the County
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM BOILERS," to be as
follows:-
My improvements relate to a mode or modes of constructing the seams
or lap joints of the internal flues of steam boilers, giving greater
strength to resist strains tending to make such flues collapse, and my
Invention consists in forming a flange at each joint or seam of the flue,
by turning up the edge of the plate of such lap joint or seam, the edge
of the other end of the plate forming the lap being rivetted in the
ordinary manner.
In some cases the rear of the inside lap may be jumped or thickened
to form a protuberance for caulking. To give additional support when
required T or angle iron rings are rivetted to the flange of the said lap
joints, and stay bolts are passed through the T or angle iron, and are

page_text: screwed and rivetted into the cylindrical or surface part of the flue,
giving support thereto.
:
My Invention also consists in the application of rings or hoops to
strengthen internal flues, such rings or hoops having internal projections
or feet coming in contact with the convex surface of the flue, where the
bolts, stays, or rivets secure the ring and flue together, a perfectly
cylindrical form being insured by turning or boring out the projections
or feet of the rings through which the screw stays, bolts, or rivets pass.
These rings or hoops in some cases are formed in two halves to be bolted
together, and are carefully jointed before being turned or bored.
My Invention also consists in the use of T iron rings rivetted between
turned up flanges (called flange seams) of the flues of steam boilers,
having suspending bolts or stays from the flange of such T iron screwed
and rivetted to the cylindrical part of the flue for supporting the same
against collapse.
•
A NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINE FOR POTATOE SOWING
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Lloyd Wise at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th May 1873.-A communication from abroad by Charles
Lefebvre, of Paris, France.
I, WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of Chandos Chambers, Adelphi, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINE FOR POTATOE SOWING," to
be as follows :—
The cultivation of the potatoe has increased much within the last few
years, and it is destined to render important services to farming interests,
whether regarded as an industrial plant or as an article of food for
cattle.
My foreign correspondent having in cultivating this plant on a large
scale experienced the inconveniences of hand sowing, which is both
costly and irregular, found it a desideratum to be able to adapt to the
cultivation of the potatoe sowing machines, which render such great
service in the culture of cereals, and hence he was led to design the
machine forming the subject of this Invention.

page_text: The sowing apparatus is carried by a suitable carriage having three
wheels whose peripheries may be either smooth or grooved. The front
or leading wheel serves as a guide wheel, and the hind wheels
communicate motion to the working parts of the machine, which is
constructed with endless chains of buckets or receptacles for the tubers
arranged upon suitable drums to which motion is communicated through
suitable gearing actuated by a belt or strap from a pulley on the axle of
the hind wheels. The toothed wheels through which motion is
communicated to the drum shaft are kept in gear by a spring but may
be thrown out of gear as required by means of a suitable hand lever
arranged for that purpose. In connexion with each chain of buckets or
receptacles is a conducting tube or guide, having a hopper or wide
mouthed top, and carried by an upright jointed or pivotted to the main
framing of the machine. Each upright carries at its lower end a sort of
hollow share or terminal, which can be raised from the ground when
required, by turning the upright upon its axis by means of a lever
suitably connected to the upright for that purpose, and which can be
fixed in any desired position by passing a pin through it into an arc
carried by the frame. The tubers are stored in a suitable receptacle
carried by the main framing, and are fed one into each bucket as the
chains travel, for which purpose a person may be seated opposite each
chain or one person only may be employed, a seat being provided
between the two chains.
As the machine travels its hind or main wheels put the various moving
parts in motion, and the tubers are conveyed by the buckets to the
hoppers, and fall down the conducting tubes or guides into the hollow
shares, and thence into the furrows which are closed up as the machine
proceeds by suitable followers or spreaders.
AN IMPROVED COMPOUND TO BE USED AS A VEHICLE FOR PAINTS USED IN HOUSE, SHIP, AND GENERAL WORK
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Edmond Tavenet at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st April 1873.
I, JOSEPH EDMOND TAVENET, of Paris, France, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED COMPOUND TO BE USED
AS A VEHICLE FOR PAINTS USED IN HOUSE, SHIP, AND GENERAL WORK,
" to be as
follows:
My Invention relates to an improved compound which I term nitro-
oleic oil, to serve as a vehicle or diluent for paints ground in oil in lieu
of linseed or other siccative oil or liquid. By the use of this compound,
a great economy is effected more especially in painting plaster, stone,
brick, or ironwork. It is more siccative than linseed oil and entirely
without smell, and is particularly adapted for use in warm climates
for interiors of houses, and being also damp proof and free from
liability to blister or scale off even under the influence of excessive heat,
it is well adapted for painting exterior surfaces also.
The following is the composition of the improved vehicle:-In 100
parts by weight of hot water are dissolved 4 parts of potash and 6 parts
of carbonate of soda. The mixture. when completely dissolved is then

page_text: boiled, after which are separately added 2 parts of colophony and 10
parts of oleic acid, and the whole is then boiled until the two latter
products are completely dissolved. I do not however limit myself to
the exact proportions of the ingredients above specified.
Ix- PROVEMENTS IN FURNACH BARS, AND IN THE ARRANGEMENT OF THE SAME
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William John Mayes at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th March 1873.
I, WILLIAM JOHN MAYES, of North Woolwich, in the County of
Essex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Ix-
PROVEMENTS IN FURNACH BARS, AND IN THE ARRANGEMENT OF THE SAME," to be
as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in the form, construction, and
arrangement of furnace or fire-bars used in connection with boilers for
the generation of steam, and consists in making the bars hollow, and of
an isosceles triangular shape in transvers section, the extreme angles
being somewhat rounded. Each fire-bar is closed at both extremitics,
and is supported at or near each end by a short vertical pipe, one end
of which is fastened to the base of the fire-bar, while the other is
attached to one of two larger pipes, which serve the purpose of bearing
bars, the whole of the series of furnace bars being supported by these
two transverse pipes. The bars aro arranged side by side, Icaving an

page_text: opening of about three-cights of an inch between each for air spaces.
Communication is made between the middle or end of one of the fire-
bars and a pump, which is made to drive water through the whole of
the bars, and from thence through the horizontal bearing pipes, tho ends
of which are turned up and made to enter the water space of the boiler.
It will be seen by the foregoing that a very large heating surface of
fire-bar is thus exposed to the fire, and that by causing the water to
flow through these bars its temperature is so greatly increased that it
needs but comparatively little additional heat to convert it into steam.
The method of connecting the bars to the water space of the boiler is
not limited to the foregoing, as they may be attached in any suitable
manner which will allow of a free circulation of water through them
from the pump to the boiler.
The circulation of water through hollow fire-bars is no novelty, but
the shape, construction, and particular arrangement of the bars described
above is new and constitute this Invention.
IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLA AND PARASOL FRAMES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Augustus De Ware at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th January 1878.
◇I, ARTHUR, AUGUSTUS DE WARE, of Notting Hill, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLA AND PARASOL FRAMES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to improvements in the top notches and runner
notches of umbrella and parasol frames, and in jointing the ribs and
stretchers thereto.
By my Invention I am enabled to produce the notches and runners at
less cost, to attach the ribs and stretchers thereto more rapidly, to provide
a more durable joint, and one less liable to cut the silk covering than
hitherto.
I make the top notch and the notch on the runner of thin metal bent
into the required form and attach the ribs and stretchers thereto by a
sort of ball and socket joint without any tying in wire by forming knobs
on the ends of the ribs and stretchers, which are received in a hollow
bead formed round the notch. Radial slits are cut in this bead for the

page_text: reception of the ribs or stretchers which are slightly flattened so as to
form a kind of neck beneath the knob or head, to fit in the said slits, tho
ribs and stretchers being inserted therein before the notches are placed
on the stick, the latter serving to retain them in position.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN ROADWAYS OR PAVEMENTS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Moore at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th
December 1873.
I, HENRY MOORE, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT IN ROADWAYS OR PAVEMENTS," to be as follows, that is to
say:―
This Invention, which relates to an improvement in roadways or
pavements has reference to that class of roadways or pavements which
are composed of asphalte or cement, or compounds of these substances.
The object of the Invention is to render the said roadways or pave-
ments less slippery in wet weather, and it consists in the use of iron or
steel, or other ferruginous matter, such as the oxides of iron or iron
ores in a pulvarized or broken state, including iron and steel borings,
turnings, or filings. These ferruginous substances are commingled with
the asphalte or cement, or compounds thereof, so that when laid the
presence of the ferruginous particles produces a roughed surface on
the roadway or pavement.