IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND CONSTRUCTION OF TOOTHED WHEELS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Buckley and James Taylor, of Castle Iron Work
Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND CONSTRUCTION OF TOOTHED WHEELS."
Sealed the 22nd April 1879, and dated the 9th January 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Buckley and James
Taylor at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th January
1879.
SAMUEL BUCKLEY and JAMES TAYLOR, of Castle Iron Works, Oldham, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND
CONSTRUCTION OF TOOTHED WHEELS."
Toothed wheels have been formed of steel, the tooth being cut out of the solid
metal, and attempts, have been made to manufacture toothed wheels by moulding
and casting, but for wheels larger than pinions without success.
The main object of our Invention is to manufacture toothed wheels of steel by
moulding and casting.
Firstly. Our Invention consists in moulding and casting the rim of the wheel und
its teeth separate from the arms or boss part which is to carry the rim, and the arms
are or may be formed of cast steel, or cast iron, or other suitable material, but of cast
iron by preference.
The toothed rim of the wheel when cast is bored or turned to fit the turned arms
or boss on which it is to be secured, and the rim is or may be secured to the arms or
boss by being "shrunk" upon the arms or boss, and to give further security the
edge of the rim is rivetted over the edge of the arms or boss, or the two are secured
together by screws or other suitable means.
In the manufacture of bevel wheels a bevel rim and connected teeth is cast, and
at each edge of the bevelled rim a part is turned or bored cylindrically parallel to
the axis of the shaft on which the wheel is to rotate, and the arm or boss part is
formed with two corresponding turned surfaces for the bevil rim to fit upon, which
is or may be "shrunk " ou or forced on and then secured by having one edge
rivetted over, or it is secured by screws or otherwise.
Or by another modification the rim is cast double, that is, a bevel rim with the
teeth upon it and a cylindrical rim attached to the bevel rim are cast together, this
cylindrical part being bored out to fit the cylindrical arms or boss,

page_text: By our Invention old wheels may have the teeth turned away, and the boss has
or may have cast steel rims with teeth, as above explained.
Our Invention also consists in moulding the rim and teeth and inserting the pre-
pared arms or boss and casting casting the toothed rim on the boss or arms.
Secondly. Our Invention relates to the manner of constructing cast toothed
wheels of steel so as to be elastic, that is, so as to be able to give way slightly cir-
circumferentially in the case of extra resistance, which elasticity reduces the risk of
fracture in the case of blows or momentary straios, and our Invention consists in
the case of spur wheels of casting them in the toothed rim form, as herein before
explained, and then boring or turning them cylindrically to fit on to a turned cylin-
drical boss so as to be capable of moving round thereon circumferentially; then in
connecting the rim and boss part by dovetail pieces having india rubber or other
suitable elastic packings on each side of the dovetail pieces, which act as buffers to
resist blows or momentary strains. The blocks of india rubber or other suitable
material and dovetail pieces are retained in their places by plates rivetted or other-
wise secured to the rim.
In the case of bevel wheels the toothed rim part of the wheel is cast with a
cylindrical rim attached to the bevel rin, and this cylindrical rim is secured on
the boss part with dovetail pieces and blocks of india rubber, same as in spur
wheels.
Thirdly. Our Invention for toothed wheels intended to reduce noise and give
some amount of elasticity consists in securing cast rims of teeth on to bosses formed
partly of metal and partly of wood or paper; the central boss is formed of metal,
and the paper or wood is secured upon it, or the central boss is formed on two discs
and the paper or wood is secured between the discs.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Samuel Buckley and James Taylor in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 9th July 1879.
SAMUEL BUCKLEY and JAMES TAYLOR, of Castle Iron Works, Oldham, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND
CONSTRUCTION OF TOOTHED WHEELS."
Toothed wheels have been formed of steel, the tooth being cut out of the solid
metal, and attempts have been made to manufacture toothed wheels by moulding
and casting, but without success. The main object of our Invention is to manufac-
ture toothed wheels of steel by moulding and casting.
Firstly. Our Invention consists in moulding and casting the rim of the wheel and
its teeth separate from the arms or boss part which is to carry the rim ; the arms
are or may be formed of cast steel, or cast iron, or other suitable material, but of
cast iron by preference.
The toothed rim of the spur wheel when cast is bored or turned to fit the turned
arms or boss on which it is to be secured, and the rim is or may be secured to the

page_text: arms or boss by being shrunk or forced upon the arms or boss; and to give further
security the edge of the rim is rivetted over the edge of the arms or boss, or the two
are secured together by screws or other suitable means.
In the manufacture of bevel wheels a bevel rin and connected. teeth is cast, and
at each edge of the bevelled rim a part is turned or bored cylindrically, parallel .or
Dearly so to the axis of the shaft on which the wheel is to rotate, and the arms or
boss part is formed with two corresponding turned surfaces for the bevel rim to fit
upon, which is or may be "shrunk on or forced on and then secured by having one
edge rivetted over, or it is secured by screws or otherwise.
Or by another inodification the rim is cast double, that is, a bevel rim with the
teeth upon it and a cylindrical rim attached to the interior of the bevel rim.
are cast together, this cylindrical part being bored out of fit the cylindrical arms
or boss.
By our Invention old wheels may have the teeth turned away, and the boss
has or may have cast steel rims with teeth secured upon them, as above
explained.
Secondly. Our Invention relates to the manner of constructing cast toothed
wheels of steel so as to be elastic, that is, so as to be able to give way slightly
circumferentially in the case of extra resistance, which elasticity reduces the
risk of fracture in the case of blows or momentary strains; and our Invention
consists in the case of spur wheels of casting them in the toothed rim form, us
herein before explained, and then boring or turning them cylindrically to fit on
to a turned cylindrical boss so as to be capable of moving round thereon cir-
cumferentially, then in connecting the rim and boss part by dovetail pieces
having india rubber or other suitable elastic packings on each side of the dove-
tail pieces which act as buffers to resist blows or momentary strains. The
blocks of india rubber or other suitable material and dovetail pieces are retained
in their places by plates rivetted or otherwise secured to the rim.
In the case of bevel wheels the toothed rim part of the wheel is cast with a
cylindrical rim attached to the bevel rim, and this cylindrical rim is secured on
the boss part with dovetail pieces and blocks of india rubber, same as for spur
wheels.
.
Fig. 1 is a side view partly in section, and Fig. 2 an edge view: partly in section,
of a spur wheel according to the first part of our Invention.
'
'
The rim and teeth a of this wheel are moulded and cast in steel, then the rim (a)
is turned or bored out to fit on the rim b of the arms and boss, which are or may be
of steel, but are made of cast iron by preference. The boss b' is split to get rid of
contraction stains, and is hooped with wrought iron or steel hoops 62 in the ordinary
manner. The steel rim (a) is heated and shrunk (by preference) on the rim of the
arms (b), and its edges are rivetted over the edges of the rim b, or it is secured by
screws in the joint between the steel toothed rim (a) and the rim (b) of the arms.
Fig. 3 is an inside view, and Fig. 4 an edge view partly in section showing one
modification of our Invention as applied to bevel wheels. The rim (a) and attached
teeth are moulded and cast of steel separate from the arms and boss. The steel
rim (a) is formed with two cylindrical surfaces a¹ and a², or these surfaces may be
slightly conical, and the steel rim (a) is turned or bored out to fit the turned sur-
faces of the rim (b) of the arms, and the steel rim (a) is heated and shrunk on the
rim (b) of the arms.
"
When the surfaces for a' and a³ are slightly conical, the larger diameter being on
that side at which the rim (4) is pushed on or drawn off the rim 6 the " shrinkage
of the steel rim (a) when it cools will hold firmly on the rim 6 of the arms, but this
is or may be further secured by rivetting over the back edge of the steel toothed
rim (a) or by screws.
Another mode of constructing cast steel bevel wheels is by casting a cylindrical
rim (a) attached to and in the interior of the rim (a) having the teeth upon it and
then securing it on the rim (b) of the arms, as explained in reference to Figs. 1 and 2.
This mode of constructing bevel wheels will be better understood by reference to

page_text: Figs. 7 and 8, which illustrated also the mode of carrying out the second part of our
Invention.
Fig. 5 is a side view, and Fig. 6 is an edge view partly in section illustrating the
mode of carrying the second part of our Invention into effect in constructing
spur wheels.
The steel toothed rim (a) is cast, and turned or bored to fit the rim 6 of the arms,
but so as to move thereon circumferentially.
At suitable intervals there are double dovetail blocks of metal & which are
secured in dovetail recesses in the rim of the arms b by wood keys or wedges b
as shown, and these double dovetail blocks of inetal (63) enter dovetail recesses
formed in the toothed steel rins (a), and on each side of the dovetail blocks,
and between it and the rim, there are blocks or keys of india rubber a' which
are kept in their places endwaye by plates a ou each side of the rim (a),
which plates are secured by bolts or screws to the rim (a). These plates also
come close to the ends of the double dovetail blocks (6) and thus prevent the
steel toothed rim (a) from moving sideways. By this arrangement the wheels are
made elastic to exceptional or irregular strains or percussions when working.
Fig. 7 is a face view, and Fig. 8 an edge view partly in section illustrating the
mode of constructing bevel wheels according to the second part of our Invention.
The toothed rim a is cast of steel with an attached interior cylindrical rim a³ and
is turned or bored to fit the rim (b) of the arms, and is secured thereto as explained
in reference to spur wheels, illustrated by Figs. 5 and 6.
We have now particularly described the nature of our Invention, and the mode
of carrying the same into effect, and claim as our Invention,―
Firstly. The iniproved mode of forming and constructing toothed wheels with the
rims and attached teeth formed of steel by moulding and casting, substantially as
herein before described under the first head of our Invention.
Secondly. The mode of constructing toothed wheels by casting the rim and teeth
of steel separate from the arms and securing the rim (a) to the arms (b), substan-
tially as hereinbefore described under the first head of our Invention, and as illus-
trated by the Drawings.
Thirdly. The mode of constructing toothed wheels with the rims and teeth (a)
moulded and cast in steel, and arranged and secured on the rim (b) so as to be
elastic, substantially as herein before described, and illustrated by Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8
of the Drawinga.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Buckley, on my own behalf and on
behalf of the said James Taylor, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this
Eighth day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy nine.
SAMUEL BUCKLEY. (LS)