IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, Georges Criner of 23 Chaussée d'Antin Paris, in the Republic of France, Civil.
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN STEAM BOILERS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
33
This invention bas for object Improvements in steam boilers and refers to the
disposition and construction of the flues, whereby a more perfect mixture of the
gases is secured, resulting in a higher temperature and better combustion. It is
applicable to internally and externally fired boilers, and, to the Hues which are
situated beneath or within the boilers, as well as to those which connect boilers
and their flues proper, to furnaces or gas producers at a distance from the boilers:
To this end there is placed in the Hue or flues a concentrating and mixing
apparatus formed of groups of pillars or baffles of a refractory material, arranged in
zig-zag fashion so as to break joint, and of which the effect is not only to deflect
and mix the gaseous stream, but also to absorb a part of the heat which acts upon
the mixed gases and the walls of the flues and the boiler.
'
When the invention is applied to an externally fired boiler, as for instance, one
of the elephant type the pillars are arranged in successive lines across the flue, and
are supported upon walls or arches, separated by spaces into which the cinders and
dust can fall. The upper surfaces of the walls or arches are inclined (not occupied
by the pillars) to prevent the lodgment of dust.
When the gases have access all round the boiler or part of it, partitions or baffle
plates may be placed at the upper side.to prevent the gases escaping the action of
the mixing and concentrating apparatus..
In an internally fired boiler, as a Lancashire or Cornish boiler, the pillars or
baffles are placed in the flue tubes and are supported by stands, feet or bridges,
generally moveable.
•
When the furnace or. gas producer is at some distance from the boiler the mixing
and concentrating apparatus is fixed wholly or partly in the adjoining flue, and a
part of the heat entering the flue and apparatus is conducted to the shoot or hopper
by which the coal is introduced and serves to heat or dry it on its way to the
firebars.
Referring to the accompanying sheet of drawings Figs. 1,,2 and 3 represent the
invention as applied to an elephant boiler. Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section, Fig. 2 a
transverse section and Fig. 3 a sectional plan. The concentrating and mixing

page_text: apparatus is formed of pillars A arranged in successive transverse groups a, b,
c, d, e
" and carried upon the supports or arches V. V. The groups are
separated by the spaces O. O., which permit the cinders to fall into the pits T. T¹.
from which they can be removed on opening the doors N. N¹-The upper parts of
the supports or arches between the pillars are inclined or ridge shaped to prevent
the accumulation of cinders upon them, and between the pillars partitions or baffle
plates K may be used in combination with the mixing and concentrating apparatus
to stop the upper currents.
Figs. 4 and 5 shew in longitudinal and cross section the mixing and concentrating
apparatus arranged. in the flues of an internally fired boiler. The pillars are
supported by stands, S. S.
The number of pillars which are used in the construction of a mixing and
concentrating apparatus is determined, as regards the transverse groups in each case
by the sectional area requisite for the passage of the gas, and this is dependent
upon the quantity of fuel consumed.
Fig. 6 is an example of an arrangement in which the mixing and concentrating
apparatus is placed wholly or partly in the flue T, in combination. with a special
construction of the furnace or gas producer F, and of the cover Z. The object is
to utilise a part of the heat of the furnace and of that absorbed by the first groups
of pillars for the heating and drying of the wet fuel, which will thus be delivered
upon the dead plate M and grate P, hot and dry by the shoot L, having received
its heat from the wall M. The mixing and concentrating apparatus can be
continued beyond the passage G, in the connecting flue D to the required length.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is,.
1. The use in flues proceeding from a furnace or gas producer, of a mixing and
concentrating apparatus formed of groups of pillars or baffles disposed in rows, a, b,
c, d, e
arranged to break joint, and mounted upon supports or arches V. V.
and S. S separated by spaces O. O. for the reception of cinders, the whole
substantially as and for the purposes herein before described and illustrated.
2. The improved mixing and concentrating apparatus as described with reference
to Figs. 1, 2, and 3, to Figs. 4 and 5, and to Fig. 6 of the drawings.
Dated this 8th day of February 1984