Improvements in and relating to Pneumatic Tyres.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Nov., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 29th Aug., 1891-Accepted, 10th Nov., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Pneumatic Tyres.
I, EDMOND DE SCHAMPHELAERE-GOETHALS, of 9, Quai du Strop, Ghent, in
the Kingdom of Belgium, India-rubber Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to pneumatic tyres and has for object to provide improved
means for fixing the india-rubber outer covering or protector of the air-tube upou
the rim of the wheel whereby a secure and perfect fixing is obtained whilst allowing
the parts to be easily and rapidly removed and replaced and affording a very
simple and economical construction of tyre.
The invention consists essentially in the employment of a detachable band of
Bolid india-rubber or other elastic material located in the rim and the shape of
which corresponds with the convex form which the air-chamber takes, when inflated,
the said band at the same time pressing upon the flanges of the covering throughout
the larger portion of their height, in such a manner that without any abnormal
compression of the parts there is absolutely no space between the air-tube, the
flanges of the covering and the band, the said parts thus constituting a kind of
compact block.
The band has two ribs or prolongations extending throughout the length of its
upper side which is concave to receive the air-tube and it will be understood that,
as soon as the latter has been inflated, the flanges of the covering, by means of the
said ribs or prolongations and of the lower part of the air-tube which here joins the
band, will be pressed uniformly throughout their height in recesses in the rim and
be there firmly secured.
·
Besides the recesses for the flanges of the covering the rim is provided with
recesses corresponding to the shape of the band and also by preference with a
concave projecting portion allowing space for receiving the heads of the spokes
thereby avoiding any injurious friction between the latter and the band.
the 20th day of November 1893
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Pneumatic Tyres.
I, EDMOND DE SCHAMPHELAERE-Goethals, of 9 Quai du Strop Ghent, in
the Kingdom of Belgium, India-rubber Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to pneumatic tires in which the outer cover is secured
to the rim by means of thickened flanges at its edges engaging in corresponding
annular recesses in the rim and held therein by the pressure of the distended air
tube within the rim and cover.
The invention substantially consists in placing within the rim a removable hoop
of elastic material forming a bed for the air tube, the said hoop being made with
bevelled or tapered flanges along its exterior edges projecting outward from the

page_text: axis of the wheel, so that when said hoopis centrally compressed and thus laterally
distended by the pressure from the distended air'tube, the lateral extension of hoop
thus produced will cause its lateral faces to-press the edges of the flanges of the
cover outwardly and firmly into the recesses made for them in the rim, while the
flanges on the hoop will occupy the space between the air tube and the cover
flanges and tend to spread the pressure from the air tube more evenly and over a
larger area of the back of the cover flanges, while at the same time affording a bed
for the air tube of less angular cross section and give a better filling and more
resilient support to the whole combination.
The invention further consists in the particular shape of the metallic rim which,
with regard to the practical realization of the fixing of the cover by means of the
above mentioned hoop, comprises recesses or chambers for the flanges of the cover
corresponding in shape to the form of said flanges, inner lying recesses and a flat
base for said hoop and a central depression giving the desired space for the heads
of the spokes so that any injurious friction between the-latter and the hoop does not
'take place.
'A method of practically performing this improved' system is shown in the annexed
drawing, in which Fig. 1 represents a transverse section through the constituent
parts in the position they hold when the air is discharged from the air tube. Fig. 2.
shows the same parts when the air tube is inflated.
The metallic rim A of the wheel has the ordinary recesses a, a, into which fit the
flanges b, b, of the cover B. a', a', are the recesses on which the hoop rests and a
is 'the central depression for housing the heads of the spokes; the hoop C is
composed of a solid ring of caoutchouc or other' flexible material. As indicated in
the annexed drawing, the inner face of this hoop is preferably cylindrical and its'
lateral faces square thereto but when under pressure from the inflated air tube its
flanges c, c, are pressed or deflected outwards and its base spread out, it adapts
itself to the recesses a¹, a¹, and the backs of the flanges b, b. It will be easily
understood that forinerly owing to the tractive effort upon the outer envelope by
the pressure of the air tube unable to act in these constructions otherwise than
outwardly 'and the comparative weakness of the pressure on the extreme edges of
the flanges b, b, the flanges were forced obliquely into the recesses a of the rim,
the result of which was that the outer envelope became detached from the rim at
different parts, but in the present construction the pressure being enabled to also
act toward the inside of the rim and to push therein a body of elastic material
having a suitable form for maintaining the edges of the flanges & fairly in their
triangular sectioned recesses, it will be apparent that the flanges will be so much
better pressed into the recesses of the felly the stronger the pressure of the air
chamber. But the particularity of the hoop consisting in the projections or flanges c,
(Figs. 1 and 2) intervening between the bottom of the air tube D and the flanges b,
causes on the beginning of the pressing effect upon the hoop C' exerted by the air
tube D, the projections to be tightly pressed against the flanges thus securing
the latter firmly in their recesses. Owing to this arrangement the air tube D
moreover accommodates itself perfectly within the concavity between the flanges c
on the top part of the hoop C¹ and between the upper portions of the flanges b
themselves which constitute the natural continuation of the projecting parts c of
the boop. The flanges bare thus subject to pressure all over their height namely,
the greater part nearer their edges, by the flanges c of the hoop C' and the upper
parts by the tube D itself. The drawings will be sufficient to show that in fact,
when the tube D is inflated, there is no unoccupied interval whatever between the
two flanges, since the tube, the hoop and the flanges form a compact filling.
This construction has this advantage, that any wear of the flange against the
recess a is recovered by the flanges e which press themselves against the flange in
proportion as the latter becomes more or less worn.
It is evident that a result analogous to the above may be obtained with a hoop
acting as a wedge of which the bottom part is not square, without departing from
the principle of this invention; it would be possible to use for instance a semi-tube

page_text: of flexible material of which the side edges were slightly bevelled. I prefer in
practice the arrangement shown in the annexed drawing.
The provision of a hollow a, into which project the heads of the spokes, not only
prevents any friction between the heads of said spokes and the hoops C', but tends
to permit the hoop to adjust itself so as to equalize the pressure at its two side
edges.
Fig. 1 of the drawings shows the facility with which mounting and dismounting
of this system can be effected. For mounting the tire, first the hoop C¹ is placed
into the rim A, then one of the flanges b of the cover is introduced into its recess a,
the non-inflated air tube is then inserted (this may also be done immediately after
the placing of the hoop) and the other Hange 6 of the cover is passed over the
tube D and brought into the recess a. The inflating of the tube D then takes
place when the different component parts will take the positions shown in Fig. 2.
To disconnect the tire, the air is discharged through the valve when the different
parts will take up the position in Fig. 1 (except of course that the two flanges will
be still in their recesses) the parts being thus ready to be dismounted, the flanges &
of the cover B being first removed and then the other parts.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is;-
1. A pneumatic tire for wheels of cycles etc. the characteristic features being the
method of fixing the outer cover B into the metallic rim A by the aid of a
detachable hoop or band C¹ of caoutchouc or other resilient material and provided
with projections, or Hanges c, c, for intervening when the air tube D is inflated,
between the convex bottom of the air tube D and the flanges b, b, of the cover B,
so that these latter are closely pressed all over their direction in height partially by
the hoop C' and partially by the air tube D itself, without any interval occurring
between these three constituents D, C', and b, which thus form one compact whole.
2. In combination with the above arrangement, a metallic rim presenting outer
lying recesses a, a, for receiving the flanges b, b, of the outer envelope, inner lying
recesses a¹, a¹, for receiving the hoop C, and a hollow a³, for receiving the heads of
the spokes.
3. The hoops C¹ consisting of a band or ring of caoutchouc or other resilient
material the bottom of the cross section of which is preferably rectangular to its
sides, said hoop or ring furnished with projections or flanges c, c, serving to place
themselves, when said hoop is squeezed by the pressure of the air chamber D
against the backs of the flanges b, b, of the cover of the tire and to impart to the
top portion of this hoop a concave shape fitting the convex form which the air tube
tends always to take, all substantially as set forth and for the purposes described.
Duted this 29th day of August. 1894
H. J. HADDAN,
Of the Firm of Herbert Haddan & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.