IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MORTICE LOCKS AND CATCHES FOR DOORS OF Ποποπα AND BUILDINGS AND FOR ÅRTICLES OF FURNITURE AND CASES
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Willmer Pocock, of Pimlico, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MORTICE LOCKS AND CATCHES FOR DOORS OF
Ποποπα AND BUILDINGS AND FOR ÅRTICLES OF FURNITURE AND CASES."
Sealed the 7th July 1871, and dated the 12th January 1871.

page_text: For this purpose I make the exterior form of the cases (or some part
of them) of mortice locks cylindrical, and arrange the internal parts
accordingly. At the rear end of the case I place a screw, which projects
from the lock in the line of its axis or thereabouts, and which serves to
fasten the lock into the door. Thus when the lock is inserted into a
circular hole in the edge of the door it is turned to force the screw into
a portion of the door which has not previously been operated upon, the
turning being continued until the face or front of the lock is flush with
the edge of the door. I prefer using only one bolt, which may either
perform the offices of a lock simply, a catch simply, or a lock and catch
combined.
When the bolt is used as a catch simply I employ a spring situated
within the case, and by preference a coiled spring to force the bolt
forward, the bolt being drawn back when required either by a handle
directly fastened to it or by a tumbler. Where the bolt acts as a lock
simply I cause it to be shot in the usual manner by a key. When
the bolt acts both as a lock and catch combined, I cause the operation
of locking to be performed by a key, which when turned in the lock
raises one end of a tumbler or lever so as to catch against the bolt or in
a notch in the bolt, and thus prevent its being drawn back by the
handle.
Agui
I do not however confine myself to the above-mentioned mode of
making the locks or catches, the main feature being to make the case of
a tubular or partly tubular form, and to attach a screw pin at the back
of the tube, so that no screws or other fasteners are visible on either the
back or front faces of the door, which screws have hitherto proved to be
a great inconvenience by becoming loose through the constant shutting
or slamming of the door in which ordinary mortice locks are fitted.
Another advantage obtained is that the door is not cut away so much
at the joint as is usual, as only a circular hole corresponding in diameter
and depth to the tube is required to be made by a centre bit, and the
transverse holes for the key and the catch spindle.
In some cases additional tumblers and safety levers may be arranged
in the tube to prevent the lock being opened by any other means than.
by the proper key..

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alfred Willmer Pocock in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 12th July 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
WILLMER POCOCK, of Pimlico, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Alfred Willmer Pocock, Her special
licence that I, the said Alfred Willmer Pocock, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Alfred Willmer
Pocock, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, 'and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MORTICE LOCKS AND CATCHES FOR
DOORS OF HOUSES AND BUILDINGS, AND FOR ARTICLES OF FURNITURE AND CASES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Alfred Willmer
Pocock, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Willmer Pocock, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that
is to say :-
This Invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of mortice

page_text: other articles in such a manner that they can be secured in the doors
without the use of exposed screws, nails, or other fastenings.
For this purpose I make the exterior form of the case or some part
of them of mortice locks cylindrical, and arrange the internal parts
accordingly. At the rear end of the case I place a screw which projects
from the lock in the line of its axis or thereabouts, and which serves to
fasten the lock into the door. Thus when the lock is inserted into a
circular hole in the edge of the door it is turned to force the screw into
a portion of the door which has not previously been opened, upon the
turning being continued until the face or front of the lock is flush with
the edge of the door. I prefer using only one bolt, which may either
perform the offices of a lock simply, a catch simply, or a lock and catch
combined.
Where the bolt is used as a catch simply I employ a spring situated
within the case, and by preference a coiled spring, to force the bolt
forward, the bolt being drawn back when required either by a handle
directly fastened to it or by a tumbler. Where the bolt acts as a lock
only I cause it to be shot in the usual manner by a key. When the
bolt acts both as a catch and lock combined I cause the operation of
locking to be performed by a key, which when turned in the lock raises
one end of a tumbler or lever so as to catch against the bolt or in a
notch in the bolt, and thus prevent its being drawn back by the handle.
I do not however confine myself to the above-mentioned mode of
making the locks or latches, the main feature being to make the case
of a tubular or partly tubular form, and to attach a screw pin at the
back of the tube so that no screws or other fasteners are visible on either
the back front, or edge faces of the door, which screws have hitherto
proved to be a great inconvenience by becoming loose through the
constant shutting or slamming of the door in which ordinary mortice
locks are fitted.
Another advantage obtained is that the door is not cut away so much
at the joint as is usual, as only a circular hole corresponding in diameter
and depth to the tube is required to be made by a centre bit, and the
transverse holes for a key and the catch spindle.
In some cases additional tumblers and safety levers may be arranged
in the tube to prevent the lock being opened by any other means than
by the proper key.

page_text: The accompanying Drawings represent several locks or fasteners in
which the mechanism is slightly varied, the exterior forms of the locks
being of the same construction or nearly so, that is, with the barrels or
cases having two flat sides and rounded tops and bottoms, but with the
front part of circular shape to fit the opening made in the door by the
centre bit, to fill it up entirely, and thus present a flush even surface
with the edge of the door in which the lock may be fitted.
In all the locks shown I have represented a screw pin A projecting
from the inner end of the barrel, which when the lock is turned after'
being inserted into the hole made for it finds a fastening for inself by
screwing into the wood at the end of the hole.
The rear
Figure 1 represents a lock with the side plate removed to show the
bolt a and the spring by which it is shot when the handle or the
spindle which passes through the follower c is released.
part of the bolt a has two legs or prongs d, d, which have pins or
studs e, e, on their ends springing into recesses formed at the extremities
of the hooked horn piece or projecting lips, so that whichever way the
handle is turned to the right or to the left the bolt a is drawn back.
Between the locking portion of the bolt a and the prongs I form a
space, so that a tumbler g pinned to the side plates can be removed from
bearing against the stop lip h by means of a key passed into the lock,
through the keyhole i, this being effected through a sliding piece behind
the tumbler, having a sliding motion to the rear to release a stud j from
a catch piece k, and under which it takes by the depression given to the.
tumbler by the continued movement of the key before it can be with-
drawn from the key hole. Thus the tumbler is held securely away from
the stop liph to permit of the bolt being drawn back by turning the
handle only. There is a flat curved spring / bearing against the rear of
the sliding piece to push it to the front after the key has acted upon it.
to release or to fasten the tumbler and the bolt when used for locking
purposes. Figures 2 and 3 are respectively a top and inner end view
of this lock, the top plate in Figure 2 being removed to shew the
mechanism.
.
It will be observed that the bolt in this lock has only one motion to
the front, whether it is used as a catch simply, or as a catch and lock

page_text: '
Figures 4 and 5 represent a lock in which the bolt is "shot" to a
greater distance by the key when it is required to lock the door in which
the lock is fitted, and this is effected by turning the key so that its
blade first releases the k tumbler g which is hinged to the bolt from the
stud k, and then acts upon the bolt by taking into the notclics m to
shoot it a slight distance further. In this lock the bolt is divided so
that the tumbler which forms the connection can be released from behind
the stud k to the front of it, where it engages in the space u, the handles
can then be turned to the right or to the left to draw back the bolt a
slight distance only, I have fitted an ordinary V.spring 6 to the rear of
the bolt in this lock, but in the former lock I have arranged a spiral or
helical spring which finds an abutment against a fixed plate o, and in
lieu of the prongs d, d, in these Figures being part of the bolt a, I
form them of wire, which is bent to be hooked into the rear of the
bolt.
'
Figures 6 and 7 represent a similar lock but with the rear portion of
the bolt a so made that it can be disengaged from the front portion by
lifting the tumbler g, which is pinned to the sliding picce clear of the
stud and shooting the tumbler along with the slider comes against the
part of the bolt marked a¹, the handle can then be turned to the right
or to the left without imparting any movement to the bolt a, while the
bolt is held in position by the slider. I sometimes find it more con-
venient to fasten the tumbler to the front part of the bolt a itself, and at
other times to the rear part B, A, in which cases I make the slide $ free,
and its duty is then to hold the tumbler out of communication with the
projection k, and to abut against the bolt B, when the tumbler is fastened
to the rear part of the bolt B I place the projection k upon any suitable
part of the bolt a.
Figures 8 and 9 are sectional views of a lock in which the bolt is only
operated by a key, the tumbler of this lock like those before spoken being
first raised by the blade of the key to lift the stud, so that the bolt with
its stud can be shot home, and vice versa, the tumbler g being pressed
upon by a spring 6 which takes on to the nose p.
Figures 10, 11, and 12, are views of a lock or catch fastener, the bolt
of which can be used drawn back by a handle or by a key. In fitting
the handle its stem, Figure 13, can first have a face plate r, Figure 14,
passed over it, and then it can be screwed into the bolt a until the face

page_text: plate lies upon the surface, when it can be secured thereon by screws,
being passed through the holes 8, 8, the face plater as well as the side
wall or plate t of the lock barrel being slotted for the purpose of
allowing the square part of the stem of the handle to move in a back-
ward direction when the catch has to be released.
Views of a similar catch or fastener suitable for drawers or cupboards
are shewn in Figures 15, 16, and 17, the only difference being that the
catch is shot outwards by a helical spring instead of a V spring, and the
barrels being of tubular form throughout their length.
In Figures 18 and 19 the catch bolt is shown as being in connection
with a looped wire, the ends of which are acted upon by the lip f, as in
the lock bolt represented in Figures 4 and 5. These locks or catch
fasteners can be made to any dimensions both in their diameters and
lengths, and may contain the most simple or the most complicated
arrangement of mechanism according to the taste or whim of the maker,
and the barrels may be made of one kind of metal, and the end plate u
of another kind of metal or other material, or the end plate may be
faced, as shewn at v, Figures 4 and 5, so the exposed part does not look
unsightly when fitted in the door.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner of performing the same, I declare that I claim as my
Invention,-
Firstly. The construction and employment of locks and catches with
a screw pin on the inner ends of the barrels for the purposes herein-
before set forth.
Secondly. I claim securing locks and catches in doors by screws fitted.
on or passed through the inner ends of the barrels or boxes, substantially
in the manner and for the purposes set forth.
Thirdly. The mechanism by which the bolts or catches and locks are
operated whether it be fitted in the barrels or boxes before referred to
and shown, or to other forms or shapes of barrels or boxes.
Fourthly. I claim the modifications of mechanism by which bolts of
locks and catches are operated as herein-before described and shown.
Fifthly. I claim the employment of hooked lips on the followers of
locks and catches in connection with the spring in prongs of the bolt
substantially as described and shown, whether such hooked lips and

page_text: prongs be used in the description of locks and catches before referred to,
or to those of other make.
And, sixthly. I claim the employment of circular front pieces to the
barrels or boxes of locks and catches.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Willmer Socock, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
ALFP. WILLMER POCOCK. (L.S.)