IMPROVEMENTS IN COKE OVENS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Simon, of No. 7, St. Peter's Square, Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COKE
OVENS." A communication from abroad by Albert Hussener, of Essen, in the
German Empire.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Simon at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th April 1881.
HENRY SIMON, of No. 7, St. Peter's Square, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN COKE OVENS." [A communication from abroad
by Albert Hussener, of Essen, in the German Empire.]
This Invention relates to that description of coke ovens in which the by-products
resulting from the partial distillation of the coal are utilised, the heat necessary for
the coking process being produced by a separate fire, from which the flames and
hot gases pass through flues and passages beneath and at the sides of the coking
chamber. In these ovens the combustible gases resulting from the partial dis-
tillation of the coal in the coking chamber after having the tar, ammonia, and other
valuable products removed therefrom, are also caused to pass into the said flues and
passages, where they are brought into contact with jets of air introduced from the
outside so as to be burnt, and thus produce additional heat. In these ovens
passages are also formed beneath the bed, through which air is made to pass in
order to prevent the brickwork from becoming heated to too great an extent.
According to the present Invention the hot air passing from the last named flues
is utilised for effecting the combustion of the before mentioned gases in the firing
place and heating flues of the oven by the following arrangement:-The cold air
enters the said cooling flues through openings at the ends of the group of ovens
and passes from flues extending longitudinally in the group into other flues
intersecting them, extending in a direction parallel with the length of the
individual ovens.
The front ends of these flues which terminate near the fire
grates are there made to communicate with the lower ends of vertical flues formed

page_text: in the front wall of the oven between the firing places of each two contiguous
ovens, the upper ends of which flues are open to the atmosphere, but can be closed
more or less by slides, valves, or dampers. From such vertical flues channels lead
into the space above and below the fire grate, and also into the side heating flues,
which channels are also provided with slides, valves, or dampers that can be opened
and closed from the outside. From this arrangement it will be seen that the air
after passing through the cooling flues and becoming beated to a considerable
extent, is caused to pass up through the vertical flues, and thence through the
lateral channels into the firing places and flues, to enter into combustion with the
combustible gases introduced into such flues and firing places through pipes, the
quantity of hot air passing into the flues being regulated by means of the slides or
valves without interfering with the escape of the surplus hot air at the open upper
ends of the vertical flues.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Henry Simon in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 24th October
1881.
HENRY SIMON, of No. 7, St. Peter's Square, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN COKE OVENS." A communication from abroad
by Albert Hussener, of Essen, in the German Empire.
.
This Invention relates to that description of coke ovens in which the by-products
resulting from the partial distillation of the coal are utilised, the heat necessary for
the coking process being produced by a separate fire, from which the flames and
hot gases pass through flues and passages beneath and at the sides of the coking
chamber. In these ovens the combustible gases resulting from the partial distillation
of the coal in the coking chamber after having the tar, ammonia, and other valuable
products removed therefrom, are also caused to pass into the said flues and passages,
where they are brought into contact with jets of air introduced from the outside
so as to be burnt, and thus produce additional heat. In these ovens passages are
also formed beneath the bed through which air is made to pass, in order to prevent
the brickwork from becoming heated to too great an extent. According to the
present Invention the hot air passing from the last named flues is utilised for
effecting the combustion of the before mentioned gases in the firing place, and
heating flues of the oven by the following arrangement :-The cold air enters the
said cooling flues through openings at the ends of the group of ovens, and passes
from flues extending longitudinally in the group into other flues intersecting them,
extending in a direction parallel with the length of the individual ovens. The
front ends of these flues which terminate near the fire grates are there made to
communicate with the lower ends of vertical flues formed in the front wall of the
oven, between the firing places of each two contiguous ovens, the upper ends of
which flues are open to the atmosphere, but can be closed more or less by slides,
valves, or dampers. From such vertical flues channels lead into the space above
and below the fire grate, and also into the side heating flues, which channels are
also provided with slides, valves, or dampers that can be opened and closed from
the outside. From this arrangement it will be seen that the air after passing
through the cooling flues and becoming heated to a considerable extent is caused
to pass up through the vertical flues, and thence through the lateral channels into
the firing places and flues to enter into combustion with the combustible gases
introduced into such flues and firing places through pipes, the quantity of hot air
passing into the flues being regulated by means of the slides or valves without
interfering with the escape of the surplus hot air at the open upper ends of the
vertical flues.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 of the Drawings shews a part cross section on lines A, B, and C, D, of a
set of coke ovens constructed according to the above described Invention; Fig. 2
shews a longitudinal section on line E, F, of one of the ovens; Fig. 3 shews a part
plan and part sectional plans on lines G, H, and J, K; and Fig. 4 shews a section
on line L, M. b, b, are the flues in the end wall a of the ovens, through which the
outer air enters the main flue c; from this flue the air is distributed through the
flues & and e beneath the oven bed in the usual manner, the bed being thereby
cooled and the air becoming heated before ascending in the flues f, arranged in the
walls between the fire places g of the ovens. These flues communicate firstly by
passages with the spaces above and below the fire grate g, and by other passages
with the flues formed in the longitudinal walls of the ovens. In these spaces and

page_text: flues the heated air respectively enters into combustion with the fuel, and mixes
with the purified combustible gases distilled from the ovens, and enters into com-
bustion therewith, the resulting hot gaseous products of combustion being made to
pass off to the chimney after traversing the said flues, and imparting the greater
part of their heat thereto. The passages i, i¹, as also the pipe m for combustible
gas can be made of iron or other refractory material. The form and arrangement
of the heating flues may be variously modified. The flues fextend upwards and
open into the atmosphere, but are there provided with slides or valves k, so that
the escape of the hot air through such open ends can be either cut off altogether or
regulated to any required degree. The passages i, ¹, are also provided with valves,
as shewn at Fig. 4, whereby the quantity of hot air entering the flues and fire
places can be regulated. By this means the exact regulation of the heated air
supply from the air heating flues c, d, e, to the fire places g and the flues may be
effected, in order to produce the necessary heat by combustion with the fuel and
with the purified gases of distillation passing in from the pipe m, while the air can
pass freely through the flues c, d, e, irrespective of such regulation for keeping the
bed of the ovens cooled to the required degree.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent,
I claim in respect of coke ovens of the kind herein referred to,-
First. Conducting the purified gases distilled off from the contents of the ovens
into the flues in the side walls of the ovens, in order there to enter into combustion
with a heated air supply, substantially as herein described with reference to the
accompanying Drawings.
Second. Causing the heated air from the cooling flues in the bed of the ovens to
ascend in vertical flues between the fireplaces of the ovens, and to enter through
passages regulated by slides or valves into the spaces above and below the firegrate
and the flues into which the combustible gases pass, in order to enter into com-
bustion therewith, substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Simon, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Nineteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty one,
HENRY SIMON. (L.S.)