IMPROVEMENTS IN FILES
Year: 1884

page_text: I, JOHN MALIN EDELSTEN of the Mersey Works Warrington in the County of
Lancaster File Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN FILES to be as follows:-
These Improvements have for their object greater security and convenience in
the handling and use of engineer's and similar filos.
In carrying out my Invention I perforate the tang of the filo with one or more
holes. After placing the tang of the file in a suitable handle bored or pierced
transversely with a hole or holes corresponding with that or those in the tang of
the file, the file and the handle are secured together by means of a rivet or rivets.
In some cases it will be necessary for the purpose of my Invention to flatten the
tang of the file in forging in order to provide a sufficient width of metal for the
formation of the hole or holes therein. Where the tang of the file is of the full
dimensions of the file itself it will generally be found convenient to reduce the
dimensions of the tang and to form upon its end one or more points or projections
which may then be driven into the material of the handle as is done with a file
having the ordinary form of tang or the flattened form hereinbefore described.

page_text: I, JOHN MALIN EDELSTEN of the Mersey Works Warrington in the County of
Lancaster File Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
JMPROVEMENTS IN FILES and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
These Improvements have for their object greater security and convenience in
the handling and use of Engineer's and similar files.
In carrying out my Invention I perforate the tang of the file with one or more
holes. After placing the tang of the file in a suitable handle bored or pierced
transversely with a hole or holes corresponding with that or those in the tang of
the file, the tang and the handle are secured together by means of a rivet or rivets.
In some cases it will be necessary for the purpose of my Invention to flatten the
tang of the file in forging in order to provide a sufficient width of metal for the
formation of the hole or holes therein. When the tang of the file is of the full
dimensions of the file itself it will generally be found convenient to reduce the
dimensions of the tang and to form upon its end one or more points or projections
which may then bo driven into the material of the handle as is done with a file
having the ordinary form of tang or the flattened form herein before described.
It will be understood that in all cases the desired form of tang is most conveniently
produced in forging the blank or before the file is cut and tempered.
And in order that this my said Invention may be more readily understood and
carried into practical effect I have hereunto appended a sheet of Drawings having
the various Figures thereon marked with similar letters to denote similar parts and
reference being hereinafter had thereto.
Fig. 1 represents in plan and Fig. 2 in side view a file the tang of which has
been forged or prepared for handling according to this Invention. Fig. 3 shows in
plan and Fig. 4 in side view the same file with the handle attached thereto.
In the example illustrated on the accompanying sheet of Drawings one rivet
hole A only is shown but the tang may if desired be longer than there represented
and have two or more rivet holes formed therein. The end of the tang B may
have a single point formed upon it or when it is of the full length of the handle or
nearly so the end may be square or rounded. When two points are used I prefer
to form them as indicated at C¹ C¹ in dotted lines or the points may be flattened
as indicated in full lines C C Fig. 1 so as to form sharp points instead of flattened
points or the points may have any other suitable form. A convenient method of
securing the file to the handle is to cut a saw kerf longitudinally in the handle E
as shown at D Figs. 3 and 4. This kerf should be somewhat less in depth than the
total length of the tang so as to permit the points to be driven into the solid
material at the bottom of the kerf. The tang having been placed in position the
handle is bored with a hole or holes corresponding with that or those in the tang
and the two parts are rivetted together. Generally however it will be more
convenient to bore the hole or holes in the handle to template before fitting the
file thereto. The rivets may be such as are ordinarily employed in securing the
blades of saws to their handles or they may be plain copper rivets and washers in

page_text: which case the shank of the rivet may be passed through the washer and cupped.
The rivet holes on each side of the handle may be countersunk so that the rivet
head and washer may respectively be flush with or below the surface of the handle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
(1.) An Engineer's or similar file having two or more rivet holes formed in the
tang thereof, secured to a handle by means of rivets passing through the handle
and the rivet holes in the tang, substantially as herein before set forth and
described.
(2.) An Engineer's or similar file secured to a suitable handle by means of
a rivet or rivets and by a point or points formed on the end of the tang,
substantially as herein before set forth and described and as illustrated on the
accompanying sheet of Drawings,
1000
WILLIAM E. HEYS,
Agent for the Applicant.