Improvements in Lathe Carriers.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 9th May, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 1st Feb., 1893-Accepted, 25th Mar., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lathe Carriers.
1, BERNARD CHARLES ESMARCH, of 13 Hubert Road, Selly Oak, in the
Parish of Northfield, in the County of Worcester, Manufacturer of Hardware,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:-
My invention refers to lathe carriers or drivers for the purpose of revolving
shafts, mandrils, or similar work between the centres of a turning lathe. The
ordinary universally used pattern of lathe carrier will accommodate work only
within narrow limits of diameter, so that in order to suit work of various diameters
a more or less considerable number of carriers of corresponding sizes have to be
kept, and the only means to materially increase the range of a carrier is to provide
it with an extra long setscrew, in which case, however, such a carrier will be found
inconveniently long when attached to the largest work within its capacity. My
new lathe carrier, as illustrated by the accompanying drawings and described in
the following, has been designed with the view to avoid the above mentioned and
other difficulties, as well as to obtain additional advantages over the ordinary
carrier.
Similar letters refer to like parts in the drawings.
a, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, is a flat piece of steel (or of another material of sufficient
strength) that has been twice bent, viz. first doubled up at b over the flat side, so
as to form a fork, both prongs of which have then been bent edgewise at c to about
a right angle. Fig. 1 is a front elevation and Fig. 2 a side elevation of this part.
d, Fig. 3, is a piece of round steel (or another suitable material) bent in the middle so
as to form right angles with the piece a, and of a thickness as to fit easily in the
spaces between the double tails à a. The tails d d are screwed for the greater
part of their length. When both parts as described are put one inside the other
and the screwed tails d d supplied with washers and nuts, as shown by Fig. 4, they
form a clamp which can be readily attached round a shaft, mandril, or similar work
in a lathe; and by screwing down the nuts a powerful grip can be got on the work,
as the square edges of the double tails a a will touch the work at four points,
between which the pressure from the nuts is put on centrally.
Any of the tails a a and d d of the carrier may engage with the driver-pin of
the lathe.
Dated this 7th day of May 1892.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lathe Carriers.
I BERNARD CHARLES ESMARCH, of No 13 Hubert Road, Selly Oak, Parish
of Northfield, Worcestershire, Manufacturer of Hardware do hereby declare the
nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention refers to lathe carriers used for revolving shafts, mandrils or other
articles or work to be turned situated between the centres of a turning lathe.
The ordinary lathe carrier will accommodate work only within narrow limits of
diameter so that in order to suit work of different diameters a number of carriers
of sizes corresponding to the work to be rotated have to be kept. Another dis-
advantage attending the ordinary carrier is that it cannot be put on the work

page_text: while it is in the lathe. By the use of my improved lathe carrier, constructed as
hereinafter described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing, the difficulties
or disadvantages hereinbefore referred to are avoided and the other advantages
hereinafter pointed out are obtained:..
My improved lathe carrier consists essentially of the following parts. A strip
or piece of steel, wrought iron or other strong metal or alloy is bent or doubled
near its middle so as to bring the bent parts parallel, thereby forming the branches
of a forked strip or plate. This forked strip or plate is then bent edgewise at or
near its middle at about a right angle. Within the forked angular frame made by
the double bending described is used a cylindrical steel rod bent at its middle so
that its branches or arms are at right angles to one another and make with each
other nearly the same angle as the branches or arms of the forked frame described.
The greater part of the branches or tails of the angular rod are screwed for
receiving screw nuts and washers and the diameter of the said rod is such that it
will fit and slide readily between the branches or arms of the forked angular frame.
By arranging the screwed angular bar described within the branches or arms of
the forked angular frame, so that the bends of the two angular parts are in the
same line and the branches of the screwed angular rod are at right angles to the
branches of the angular frame and applying screw nuts to the screwed rod, an
adjustable clamp is formed which can be readily attached to the shaft, mandril or
other article to be turned to which a rotatory motion is to be communicated from the
lathe spindle by the driver pin engaging with and bearing against one of the
branches or tails of the carrier.
"
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents in front elevation and end
elevation or edge view, the forked angular frame of the lathe carrier made as
before' described; namely by taking a strong strip or plate of metal and bending it
near its middle into a fork and afterwards bending the middle of the forked strip
or plate at a right angle. Figure 2 represents the forked angular frame
represented in Figure 1 with one of its arms in a nearly vertical position and
the other arm in a horizontal position for the purpose of the better exhibiting the
bend and the edges of the forked plate or frame. The two forked angular branches
or arms constituting the frame are marked respectively a and a² and the bend of
the forked angular frame is marked 6 in Figures 1 and 2 and the other figures of
the drawings.
Figure 3 represents the bent angular screwed bar; the screwed branches or tails
being marked respectively c and c³, aud are bent nearly at the same angle to one
another as the branches a, a' of the angular frame.
a,
Figures 4, 5 and 6 represent the angular screwed bar or rod c, & fitted to the
angular frame
a² so as to form a clamp; that is to say, the screwed branches or
tails C, c² of the bar are passed between the forks of the branches a, as of the
angular frame so that the bends d and d of the said frame and bar are in the same
line and. the branches c, c of the said bar are at right angles respectively with the
branches or arms of the angular frame a, a'; e, e are screw nuts and washers applied
to the outer or screwed ends of the tails or branches c, c² of the angular bar and
made to bear against the outer edges of the said angular frame a, a' for fixing
the angular bar to the angular frame after the former has been adjusted in the
latter.
The article to be clamped or held by the lathe carrier is marked f and is situated
and held between the opposed angular parts of the frame or clamp a; a and bare,
in the manner represented the article being gripped between the square parts of
the halves of the frame a, a³ at four points and between the edges of the bar c; cat
two points. When the screw nuts e, e have been properly adjusted, the article fis
held very firmly by the lathe carrier and in consequence of the pressure of the
clamp or carrier being distributed in the manner described, over the article to bë
held, the injury to or marking of the said article which takes place when an ordinary.
lathe carrier is used is prevented or greatly reduced.
In Figures 5 and 6 the carrier is represented respectively attached to the smallest:

page_text: and largest article within its capacity and in Figure 4 the carrier is represented
attached to an article of intermediate size.
Figure 7 represents in plan a portion of a lathe to which one of my improved
carriers is applied. In the said Figure 7 the carrier is clamped to the article or
work to be turned situated been the two centres g and h of the lathe; i is the
rotating spindle of the lathe and k is the face plate screwed thereto, carrying the
driver pin which bears against one of the branches or arms of the carrier for
transmitting the rotation of the lathe spindle to the article or work f to be turned
as is well understood.
In order that driver pins at different distances from the lathe centre may act
upon the lathe carrier I prefer to make one of the arms or branches of the carrier
longer than the other; that is, instead of bending the forked plate or strip exactly
at its middle the said plate or strip is bent a little on one side of the middle so as
to form the arms or branches of different lengths. The longer arm or branch is
thus suited to engage with driver pins fixed at different distances from the lathe
centre; but the driver pin may act upon either of the branches of the frame
part a, a or with either of the branches of the angular screwed pin c, of the
carrier.
In order to apply the pressure of the driver pin 7 at right angles to the carrier
the inside of one or both of the branches a, a of the carrier may be made of a
parabolic curve as illustrated at m Figure 8, where driver pins n, p at different
distances from the lathe centre are represented bearing on different parts of the
parabolic curve at m. Although I have described the making of the forked
angular frame part a, a' of the lathe carrier by the double bending of a flat strip or
plate of steel or other hard metal or alloy yet the said forked angular frame may
be made by casting or otherwise.
My improved lathe carrier has the following advantages, among others, over the
ordinary lathe carrier. It has a range of three or four times that of the ordinary
carrier so that a set of three of my improved carriers will do the work of 12 or
more ordinary carriers. The improved carrier can be put on the work to be turned
while the latter is between the lathe centres, and being shorter than the ordinary
carrier, the turning tool can be fed up close to the carrier without striking the tool
carriage or rest and consequently larger work can be executed on a smaller lathe.
The improved carrier does not injure or mark the work to the same extent as an
ordinary lathe carrier does.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention
and the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that I claim as my
invention of "Improvements in lathe carriers" ;-
A lathe carrier for transmitting the rotatory motion of the lathe spindle to the
article or work to be turned, situated between the centres of the turning lathe,
consisting essentially of a forked angular frame having branches or arms nearly at
right angles to one another and a similar angular rod the branches or arms of which
are partly screwed and provided with screw nuts, the said angular frame and
screwed angular bar when fitted together in the manner described and represented
constituting an adjustable clamp between the opposed parts of which the article
or work to be turned is gripped or held substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated the Thirty-first day of January 1893.
BERNARD CHARLES ESMARCH.