matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES EMPLOYED IN GENERATING STEAM
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Wimpenny at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th May
1866.
I, THOMAS WIMPENNY, of Holmfirth, in the County of York, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES EMPLOYED IN GENERATING STEAM," to be as
follows:-
My improvements in furnaces employed in steam boilers or generators
relate to that part of the furnace called the "fire-bars," and are designed for
the purpose of keeping the said bars of such at a lower temperature than
usual during the time the boiler is in action, so as to keep the grate clear by
preventing the formation of "clinkers," and the soldering or filling up the
interstices between the bars; and the improvements consist in the use of hollow
fire-bars, through which a current of water passes, the bars or grate of the
furnace being cast or formed in one piece, each bar being hollow from front to
back. When in their seating in the boiler the front flange of the grate is
firmly secured to a hollow tube or box, the top of which may form the "dead
plate" of the furnace; a similar box is secured in like manner to the back
flange, and is supported and secured to the "bridge ;" these boxes are hollow,
and have a clear communication with each other through the whole series of
bars forming the grate; the front box forming the dead plate is supplied with
cold water by means of a force pump, which is constantly forced through the

page_text: hollow bars into the back tube or box, which having a thoroughfare or
passage into the boiler feeds or supplies the water to the boiler, and which
thereby becomes heated before it enters the boiler, and the circulation and
direction the water takes from the force pump through the bars and into the
boiler keeps the bars cool for the purpose as herein-before described.
MENTS IN THE EXPANSION GEAR OF STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Milner at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th May
1866.
I, JOHN MILNER, of Buckingham Street, Strand, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN THE EXPANSION GEAR OF STEAM ENGINES," to be as follows:-
My Invention has reference to that description of expansion gear to steam
engines in which the slide valve is actuated by a link motion, and the
expansion is effected by means of a "cut-off plate" working on the slide
valve.
My Invention consists in an arrangement of the link motion whereby the
requisite variable motion of the cut-off plate is obtained by means of the link
that actuates the slide valve. For this purpose I connect the rod of the cut-
off plate with a sliding block arranged to work independently of the block of
the slide valve rod either in the link itself, or in a separate groove or slot
fixed either to the link or to the block of the slide valve rod; such sliding
block being capable of adjustment, by means of suitable gear, in such manner
that its position in the link, groove, or slot relative to the block of the slide
valve rod may be altered, and thereby the requisite variable motion of the cut-
off plate relative to the slide valve obtained.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COUPLINGS OR CONNECTIONS PARTICULARLY ADAPTED FOR COUPLING OR CONNECTING GAS, WATER, AND OTHER PIPES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ralph Medcalf and William
Nicholls at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 6th August 1866.
We, RALPH MEDCALF, of Bow, Lane, in the City of London, Engineer, and
WILLIAM NICHOLLS, of Bow, in the County of Middlesex, Pattern Maker, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
COUPLINGS OR CONNECTIONS PARTICULARLY ADAPTED FOR COUPLING OR CONNECTING
GAS, WATER, AND OTHER PIPES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention mainly consists of two or other convenient number of
spring clips arranged and combined with other parts as hereafter described,
so as to form a fluid-tight coupling or connection for pipes. Upon lugs
formed I upon one of the pipes or portions to be connected we hinge, say, two clips
fitted lengthwise of the pipe; the tails of these clips are acted upon by springs
which tend to force inwards catches on the other ends of the clips; these
catches are situated a slight distance beyond the end of the pipe; upon this
pipe we also cast a flange to form a seat for a ring of india-rubber or other
suitable elastic material which we fit round the pipe. The flange and ring
are, say, about an inch more or less from the end of the pipe, which is
slightly conical or tapered from the flange to the end. The end of the other
pipe or portion to be coupled or connected to the first pipe has cast upon it a
ring tapered or conical externally, and by preference cylindrical internally.
The coupling is effected as follows:-The tapered ring is forced over the
tapered portion of the other pipe, and the catches of the spring clips are

page_text: thereby pushed outwards until the tapered ring has passed them; as soon as
the ring has passed them the catches are again forced in by the action of their
springs and take behind the ring so as to hold or couple the pipes together.
The end or rim of the ring on the second pipe presses upon the india-rubber
ring and thereby prevents all escape of the gas or other fluid. In some cases,
as for hose pipes where the tails of the clips are liable to come in contact with
irregularities of the ground, we cast upon the pipe.loops or other convenient
guards which pass over and thereby protect the tails of the clips.
MANUFACTURING AND APPLYING ARGILLACEOUS, CALCAREOUS, SILECIOUS, AND METAL COMPOSITION CEMENTS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Welch at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th February
1866.
I, WILLIAM WELCH, of King Street, Southsea, in the County of South-
ampton, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "MANUFACTURING
AND APPLYING ARGILLACEOUS, CALCAREOUS, SILECIOUS, AND METAL COMPOSITION
CEMENTS," to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object the manufacture of liquid and plastic
cement compositions, and relates also to the method of applying the same for
ornamental and other uses. The cements are compounded from varied
geological stratas made subsidiary by mechanical and other means, or from
substances artificially compacted in lieu thereof. The metallic or other
substances thus produced are by the aid of mineral acids, liquids, and salts
agglutinated into a plastic or fluid consistency according to the purposes for
which it is intended, and may be applied in the usual forms of ordinary paints
or cements. The properties of the components are permanent and literally
indestructable and firmly adhering to metals, stone, wood, or other surfaces
without being displaced by concussive or vibratory action (as is the case with
ordinary cements when applied to non-absorbent bodies.) The compositions
are intended to be used for general, building, and other purposes, as also for

page_text: imitations of stones, metals, &c., and for plastic ornamental purposes, also for
the coating and preservation of iron and other substances exposed to marine
uses, whereby a waterproof insulatory protective surface is obtained and
where necessary coated with a granulated or fluid metallic compound (pure,
or mixed), whereby a system of galvanism active, passive, or otherwise is
produced for antifouling or other purposes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STREETS, ROADS, AND FOOTWAYS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Young and William Young
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 6th June 1866.
We, ARTHUR YOUNG and WILLIAM YOUNG, both of 119, Gower Street, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STREETS, ROADS, AND FOOTWAYS,"
to be as follows:-
We propose instead of the present paved or macadamized or other similar
streets or road and footways to form an open cutting of a depth and width in
correspondence with the requirements of the locality and made in such
a manner as to be suitable for all purposes to which a subway may be applied,
especially when in connection with an overlying street, road, or pathway.
We span this cutting with bars or girders of metal or other material placed
parallel to and at slight distances apart from each other and suitably supported
at intervals throughout their span. The placing these bars at certain
intervals from each other will allow of any dirt, rain, or snow passing at once
through into the cutting below and will in a roadway give a foothold to
draught animals. This last will be assisted by grooving or ribbing the
aforesaid bars. We propose also that the bars shall be placed singly or in
combinations of several so as to form gratings, but in such manner in both
cases as to allow either the single bars or the gratings to be taken up
separately. When placed singly we propose in some cases to insert pieces
of wood or metal to promote lateral support. The whole of the above

page_text: arrangement may be applied when desirable to the formation of side walks
in place of the ordinary foot pavements. By these means freedom from
dust, mud, or slush, and general cleanliness of the streets, roads, and footways
will be maintained economically and without inconvenience to traffic and
the public generally. The refuse from dwellings and manufactories will
also be carried off readily and economically by means of shoots or other
conduits leading to the cutting or subway. Great diminution of the noises
accompanying carriage and waggon traffic, and also a diminution of the
power required for draught will also be obtained. There will also result
greater durability of the streets, road, and footways, and also facility for
repairs, at the same time whilst the subways will present facilities for intro-
ducing, inspecting, or removing gas, water, or other pipes, and also tele-
graphic wires, all which operations will likewise be performed without
inconvenience to the traffic or the public.
AN IMPROVED SUBSTITUTE FOR EMERY TO BE USED FOR CUTTING, GRINDING, AND POLISHING METAL, MARBLE, GLASS, PRECIOUS STONES, AND OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Bond, William Joseph
Bussell, and Benjamin Samuel Fisher at the Office of the Commis-
sioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 8th February 1866.
We, ROBERT BOND and WILLIAM JOSEPH BUSSELL, both of Newport, in
the County of Monmouth, and BENJAMIN SAMUEL FISHER, of Tredegar,
in the same County, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED SUBSTITUTE FOR EMERY TO BE USED FOR CUTTING, GRINDING,
AND POLISHING METAL, MARBLE, GLASS, PRECIOUS STONES, AND OTHER HARD
SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists principally in the use or employment for such
purposes of the slag, scoriæ, or dross obtained from furnaces employed in
the smelting or manufacture of iron. The employment of this hitherto
almost worthless material in lieu of the costly article (emery powder)
heretofore used for such purposes will effect a very considerable economy
in the cutting, grinding, and polishing of metal, marble, glass, precious
stones, and other hard substances. In preparing this refuse material to be
used as a substitute for emery, we take the slag or scoriæ as obtained from
the smelting furnace and grind or reduce it to a powder by means of edge
runners or otherwise. We then pass this powder through sieves, or other-
wise mechanically separate it into various powders of different degrees of
fineness. The powder thus produced may either be used in that state as

page_text: a substitute for the emery powder ordinarily employed for grinding and
polishing purposes, or it may be cemented or otherwise caused to adhere
to paper, cloth, leather, or other substance as a foundation, according to
the specific purpose for which it is intended to be applied. The scoriæ or
slag from different furnaces will produce powders of different cutting,
grinding, or polishing qualities, according to the nature of the iron ore
which is smelted therein, and of the flux and fuel which are employed in
the manufacture, the principal ingredients, however, being limestone, iron,
and sulphur in various proportions.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SYPHONS FOR DRAWING OFF BEER, WINE, AND OTHER LIQUIDS FROM CASKS AND OTHER VESSELS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas William Plum
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th November 1866.
I, THOMAS WILLIAM PLUM, of Fenchurch Buildings, London, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SYPHONS FOR
DRAWING OFF BEER, WINE, AND OTHER LIQUIDS FROM CASKS AND OTHER VESSELS,"
to be as follows:-
My said Invention consists in making and using syphons for drawing off or
racking beer, wine, and other liquids from casks and other vessels partly or
wholly of flexible tubing, the short or inserting leg of the syphon being made
to float (by any known means, as by the use of cork, air tubes, &c.) upon or
near the surface of the liquid to be drawn off, and in using a valve of any
suitable form or construction opening inwards at the end of the short or
inserting leg of the syphon so contrived that it will retain the liquid with
which the syphon may have been charged until it is lowered into the liquor to be
drawn off, and will then permit the passage of the liquid. These syphons can
be charged for use by being filled with liquid from either end, or by suction of
the air through the tap at the longer leg end of the syphon.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE-ARMS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Henry Ince at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th November
1866.
I, THOMAS HENRY INCE, of Toronto, Canada, but at present residing at
the Palace Hotel, Westminster, Barrister-at-Law, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE-ARMS," to be as
follows:-
The object of this Invention is to apply or attach to fire-arms a rest to be
used when firing. For this purpose I employ two tubes of any material, of
different diameters, and of any length required, the smaller tube to move
easily inside the larger one, and to be about one half-inch longer than the
larger one. I tap the inside of each end of the smaller tube to receive a screw.
I fix a thumbscrew near one end of the larger tube to regulate the distance
to which the smaller tube shall be projected or drawn. I attach the upper
end of the small tube to the fire-arm by means of a forked-shaped joint screwed
into the smaller tube and fastened with a bolt passing through the nose cap
or other part of the stock or band, or fastened with a ring grasping the barrel
or the stock and barrel, or fastened by means of a ring or rings screwed into
the stock or barrel of the fire-arm; but I prefer the way first above described
of fastening the same. This joint is made so as to allow the tubes which are to

page_text: form the rest to swing easily upon it. The lower end of the smaller tube
receives a cleaner screwed in thereto, so that this tube may be used as a
cleaning rod. I place the larger outside the smaller tube, and provide suitablé
means to prevent the larger tube from coming entirely off the smaller one,
while it is at the same time able to move easily up and down, and can be
secured at any position by a set screw. The cleaner when screwed in one
way closes the end of the smaller tube, and when screwed in the opposite way
it can be used as a cleaner. When the rest is in use the outer end of the
larger tube rests on the ground, and the rest can be fixed to any length by
the set screw above mentioned according to the elevation that is required
for the fire-arm for the distance at which the soldier is aiming. When the
rest is not in use it is shut up against the stock of the fire-arm and secured
by a spring or retaining instrument placed at or near the trigger guard.
AN IMPROVED CYLINDER BRUSH FOR WAXING APARTMENTS AND APPARATUS USED THEREWITH
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jean Pierre Débautché at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th October 1866.
I, JEAN PIERRE DEBAUCHÉ, living at Cherbourg (in France), do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED CYLINDER BRUSH
FOR WAXING APARTMENTS AND APPARATUS USED THEREWITH," to be as follows:-
This mechanical cylinder brush is composed of two semicircular brushes
fitted to a cylinder in which passes an axle, this axle also extends to and
passes through another cylinder carrying a brush, which I term the angle
brush. To set this cylinder brush in motion I use the following mechanical
arrangement:-1 give motion by a crank to a toothed wheel which turns a
second wheel fixed at the upper end of a vertical rod; this rod sets in
motion a third wheel which transmits it to a fourth fixed to the cylinder and
traversed by the axle above mentioned, at this moment the axle acts and the
cylinder brush works. The framework of the apparatus is of cast iron; a
cross bar joined by an ellipse is used to strengthen the apparatus, and behind
the uprights is fitted a roller to assist in directing the cylinder brush and also
in order that the centre of gravity may be placed so that the small apparatus
is always perpendicular to the floor. A handle is fitted to the upper part of
the framing to permit the person using this mechanical cylinder brush to
direct it as may be required.
AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOB OBTAINING COLOURING MATTERS FROM ANILINE
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Antoine Louis Marie Guétat at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd April 1866.
I, ANTOINE LOUIS MARIE GUÉTAT, of Lyons, in the Empire of France,
Chemist, but now of 66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, do
bereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED PROCESS
FOB OBTAINING COLOURING MATTERS FROM ANILINE," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in taking aniline in its natural state and adding
thereto a small quantity of benzoic acid or other substance, such as an ammo-
niacal base (ammoniacoux radicoux), in fact any substance which will produce
or facilitate the reaction. I find that about ten per cent. of benzoic acid to
one hundred of aniline is a good proportion, but I do not confine myself rigidly
to these proportions. The substances may then be slightly warmed if desired,
and into the mixture may then be poured any mineral acid, such as sulphuric,
nitric, hydrochloric, arsenic, or other acid, which will combine with the aniline.
The acid, whatever it may be, must be mixed in equivalent or atomic pro-
portions with the aniline (these equivalents being well known to chemists), it
being only necessary to say that it will be found convenient that the proportion
of aniline should be slightly in excess. The mixture should then be heated
until the required shade of violet or blue colour is obtained. The colour
when obtained is purified by the ordinary and well known means.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CRAMPS FOR THE USE OF JOINERS AND OTHERS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Frederik Christian Carle at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th March 1866.
I, JOHN FREDERIK CHRISTIAN CARLE, of the City of Hamburg, and of No. 3,
Leadenhall Street, in the City of London, Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CRAMPS FOR THE USE OF
JOINERS AND OTHERS," to be as follows:-
My improvements relate to a new construction of parts of instruments or
tools used by joiners and others, commonly known by the name of joiners'
cramps.
In order that the nature of my Invention may be clearly described and
ascertained I append to this Provisional Specification a Drawing of such a
cramp having my improvements delineated thereon.
It will be seen by reference to the above-mentioned Drawing that my im-
provements consist in constructing the vertical portion or arm A of cramp from
a to b with a series of teeth. These teeth are of the shape shown, or may be
of other shape if such be found suitable. I construct the slotted adjustable
arm B with a recess or recesses, or projection or projections, so as to "take
in" or fit the teeth on vertical arm A. One mode of doing this is shown at p
on adjustable arm B. In using this cramp the arm B is adjusted at the

page_text: height desired on A by means of the teeth and recesses or projections herein
described, and the material is held or cramped between the parts B² and C by
means of the screw D being tightened up. It will be then found that from
the new and peculiar construction of the new parts of the arms A, B, as
described, the adjustable arm cannot slip and release the material cramped as
is the case with the adjustable cramps hitherto constructed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FUNNELS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Adrien Bonneville at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
March 1866. A communication from Marin Chavernot, residing at
Place Napoleon, Lyons, in the Empire of France.
I, HENRY ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices,
24, Rue du Mont Thabor, Paris, in the Empire of France, and 38, Porchester
Terrace, Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FUNNELS,"
communicated to me by Marin Chavernot, a person residing at Place
Napoleon, Lyons, in the Empire of France, aforesaid, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved construction of funnels by which
liquids may be introduced into any suitable recipients, and the passage of the
air intercepted at the required moment.
The improved funnel is shown in the accompanying Drawing. A, basin
of the funnel; B, lever; C, pivot; D, handle; E, passage for the air; F,
perforated plate; G, pad for closing the end of the funnel; H, spout of funnel
covered with india-rubber or other suitable substance; or the spout may be
made with a screw thread corresponding to the neck of the recipient. The
india-rubber or other garniture thus prevents the escape of air or gas from
the recipient, the liquid contained in the funnel and that surrounding the
end of the spout also aiding.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTARY ENGINES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Clark at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th July 1866.
-A communication from abroad by Truman Merriam and James
Cushing, both of Waterloo, Jefferson County, State of Wisconsin,
United States of America.
I, WILLIAM CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTARY ENGINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists, first, in the arrangement of a series of cylinders
and pistons upon a revolving drum mounted on a shaft in combination with
a face plate and ports, and adapted to segmental apertures in a stationary
steam chest in such a manner that a constant pressure of steam may be
alternately applied to the piston, where the leverage and power of the engine
will be increased without a corresponding increase in the consumption of
steam.
It consists, secondly, in the arrangement of one or more curved tracks in
combination with a common cross head provided with trucks or pins, and
with a common reciprocating piston fitted in a cylinder, which is secured to
a revolving drum in such a manner that the reciprocating motion of the

page_text: piston is converted into a vibrating motion of the drum and cylinder, whereby
a rotary engine of considerable power is obtained.
It consists, thirdly, in the arrangement of a steam chest with an oscillating
joint in combination with the face plate of the cylinders, or of the drum
containing the said cylinders, in such a manner that the said steam chest can
be reversed one quarter, and the motion of the engine thereby reversed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR ACTUATING THE POINTS OR SWITCHES OF RAIL- WAYS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Thomson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with bis Petition, on the 29th June
1866.
I, WILLIAM THOMSON, of the Railway Foundry and Ironworks, Normanton,
in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR ACTUATING THE POINTS OR SWITCHES OF RAIL-
WAYS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for actuating
the points or switches of railways. For these purposes one end of a rod
which is connected to its other end to the tongue rail of a switch is attached
by a pin joint at the end of one arm of a bell crank lever. To the end of the
other arm of the bell crank lever is suspended a weight, which retains the
tongue rail of the switch in a desired position. The weight is connected by
links to one end of the lever handle, by which the position of the tongue rail
of the switch is reversed; this lever may be arranged to be moved in any
direction or simply on an axis to move in one direction. The lever handle
has on it a signal plate or disc which when the lever handle is upright indi-
cates the position of the tongue rail of the switch, but when the lever handle
is depressed or altered in position into the horizontal position, the state of the

page_text: tongue rail of the switch will be known by the signal plate or dise not being
presented to the driver of a train. The lever handle turns on an axis in
lugs at the top of the box, or it may turn on a universal joint, and the weight
is attached to the lever so that when at liberty the lever and the tongue rail
of the switch will be brought to and retained in the desired position.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FULLING WOOLLEN CLOTHS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Bottomley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th August
1866.
I, WILLIAM BOTTOMLEY, of Bramley, near Leeds, in the County of York,
Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for-" IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FULLING WOOLLEN CLOTHS," to be as follows:-
The ordinary system of fulling consists in having two rollers placed one
above the other resting in bearings on a suitable framework, and caused to
rotate by means of suitable gearing, the lower roller being furnished with a
flange at either end, within which the upper roller works. The cloth is
passed through these rollers into a trough in the usual manner & returns
for a repetition of the process of fulling. By this method, where coarse
" takes
cloths are used, a considerable amount of what is termed "flocking
place through friction in the trough; to obviate this defect is my object.
My arrangement consists in the first place in having two or more sets of
rollers in contiguity with and geared from each other, the second set (placed
horizontally with the first) being of similar construction to the first. The
second flanged roller is, however, made wider than the first one in order to
receive the flanges of the same to prevent "cutting," and also to permit the
cloth to expand somewhat. The second upper roller fits within the flanges as
in the previous case. The cloth having passed through the rollers is permitted
to fall over a simicircular board (within the frame) into the bottom part of
the machine, and is carried over a friction pulley to the rollers again for a
repetition of the operation. A trough may be used if desired to receive the

page_text: cloth after passing through the rollers, but where cloths known as "unions"
are under operation a better fulling and finished result will be obtained
without the same.
In conjunction with the above arrangement I also use if desired a "throat"
of improved construction, through which the cloth is passed on its return for
repeated operation. This throat consists of a rectangular box with contracted
orifice and having a lid or top, one end of which works, upon a hinge, the
other end forming part of the orifice being free to move and capable of being
weighted to retard the progress of the cloth, thus stretching the same when
requisite.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Vincent Rastouin at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th February
1866.
I, VINCENT RASTOUIN, of 29, Boulevard St. Martin, Paris, France,
Mechanician, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MOTIVE POWER," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to improvements in the means of transmitting
motion applicable to steam engines or other apparatus, and serving to
augment and transmit the motion. This I effect by means of a combination
of levers, whereby a greater amount of power is rendered available for use
and aiding to overcome the resistance. I will here describe a mechanical
combination applicable to steam engines, although it will be understood
that it may be applied to any other motive-power apparatus. The steam
engine is the same as usual, my Invention consisting in the addition of a
combination of levers and rods together with a second fly wheel, on the
shaft of which a driving pulley may be mounted. In the Drawing I have
represented an ordinary vertical steam engine, but any other arrangement
will serve. The arrangement of the apparatus will be readily understood
by reference to the Figure.
a is the steam cylinder, provided with a piston having a reciprocating
motion; b, connecting rod imparting motion to crank c keyed on shaft d
of fly wheel e; f, connecting rod forming a connection between the fly

page_text: wheel e and a second fly wheel g. This latter imparts motion to a shaft v
carried on suitable framing, as is also the shaft d; h, connecting rod,
jointed at one end to an arm of fly wheel e and at the other to an oscillating
ever i, which latter is mounted at point j on the framing; k, link acted on
by lever i, to which it is jointed at one end; the other end of link k is
jointed to a lever 1, oscillating on a point o of the framing; the other end
of lever is jointed to a lever m, which latter is connected to a crank
arm n, oscillating on a fixed point of the framing; p, link jointed at one end
to lever i and at the other to a bent lever q, mounted at one end on the
framing at r, the other ends of lever q is jointed to a connecting rod t,
which latter imparts rotary motion to a crank u keyed on shaft v of fly
wheel g; w, link jointed at the one end to the bent lever q, and at the
other to a crank arm & mounted on the framing. The whole arrangement
is rendered complete by the addition of a driving pulley y on shaft v. It
will be readily understood that the rotary motion of fly wheel e produced
by crank c will be transmitted to the remaining part of the apparatus, and
that the fly wheel g will be driven at an increased speed by the action of
the combination of levers with which it is in connection, the levers l, m,
performing the principal part in producing the motion.
IMPROVE- 5 MENTS IN DOCKS AND APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH, PARTS OF WHICH ABB APPLICABLE TO FLOATING STRUCTURES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Macintosh at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th April 1866.
I, JOHN MACINTOSH, of North Bank, Regent's Park, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
5 MENTS IN DOCKS AND APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH, PARTS OF WHICH ABB
APPLICABLE TO FLOATING STRUCTURES," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is the construction of temporary docks com-
posed in part of flexible materials (such as sail cloth) forming a sort of bag
or receptacle filled with water, the contents of which being forced into a
smaller space its altitude is increased and a means obtained of floating
vessels.
The principle of the Invention is likewise applicable to various other pur-
poses, such as the raising or lowering of ships under various circumstances,
the construction of double boats or vessels connected by a flexible diaphragm
as a means of increasing their capacity for carrying goods or passengers, the
crossing of rivers, the raising of ships, and such like structures.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR MECHANISM FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Buckley at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th November
1866.
I, JOHN BUCKLEY, of Royton, in the County of Lancaster, Spinner, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS OR MECHANISM FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON OR OTHER FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
My Invention is designed for the purpose of cleaning the spindles of mules
or other spinning machinery, and for removing from the surface of such
spindles when the cops have been removed any mucilage that may have
remained on and adhered to them, the same apparatus may also be employed
to lubricate the bolster bearings of the spindles. The improvements consist
in the novel employment and use of a pad or cushion made of a fibrous
absorbent material secured to a block, the lower portion of which is supported
in a slotted clip, and is capable of being raised or lowered therein, the base
of the said clip is constructed so as to fit and slide upon the carriage of the
mule in front of the spindles, so that when it is desired to clean the spindles
the pad or cushion is first saturated with lubricant; it is then adjusted and
secured in the slotted clip so as to rub upon the spindles at any required
height from the bolster; thus if the operator places the clip and pad in front

page_text: of the spindles upon the bolster, and runs or forces it along the length of the
carriage whilst the spindles are revolving, any mucilage or other matter
adhering thereto will be removed; by lowering the pad so as to press against
the spindles near the bolster the lubricant from the pad will trickle down
such spindles and lubricate the bolster.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF VICES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Spear at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd March 1866.
I, JOHN SPEAR, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF VICES," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to construct the jaws or holding parts of vices
in such manner that when they are made to move towards or from each other
by any of the ordinary or other means their lifting surfaces will be at liberty
to assume any necessary or desired angle to each other, indeed be constructed
so as to be self-adjusting, and thereby rendered of great utility for griping
securely and without extra labour articles of a tapering or irregular form
as well as articles with parallel sides or surfaces.
In one or both of the jaws or in one or both of the legs of a vice arranged
to be operated by a screw and lever, or in any other way, I form a socket or
recess to receive a shank or stem, on the upper part of which the biting jaws
according to my Invention are secured or formed. By simply screwing up
the vice it will be seen the jaws at the upper part of the stem will adapt
themselves to the form of the article to be held. To prevent the shank
or stem from sliding out of the socket or recess, I secure it firmly in
position or within a certain radius of motion by a cotter, bolt, screw, or other
means.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO MARINE, LOCOMOTIVE, STATIONARY, AND OTHER STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Storey at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th December
1866.
I, EDWARD STOREY, of the Town and County of Lancaster, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR
APPLICABLE TO MARINE, LOCOMOTIVE, STATIONARY, AND OTHER STEAM BOILERS," to
be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is an economy of heat in the generation of
steam by checking loss by radiation, and heating the feed water by surplus
or waste heat, and it is applicable to tubular and other boilers, and dispenses
with brickwork used in stationary steam boilers, besides giving other
advantages. It consists in enclosing or enveloping the steam boiler with a
double casing filled with water when in use, there being a flue space left
between the boiler and the casing for the heated gases to pass through before
entering the chimney, consequently the exterior of the boiler will be kept
heated (by the surplus heat of the gases after passing through the internal
flues) and a portion of the residue of the heat will pass to the water contained
in the casing. The feed water for the boiler is made to enter the casing first,
and is pumped from the casing into the boiler. The casing need only be
made for atmospheric pressure, though if required it may be made to resist
pressure above the atmospheric pressure.
AN. IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR BURNING IN LAMPS AND OTHERWISE, THE RESIDUUM THEREFROM BEING APPLICABLE FOR USE IN FIREWORKS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Dembinsky at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
31st January 1866.
I, ALEXANDER DEMBINSKY, of Old Ford Road, in the County of
Middlesex, Professor of Chemistry, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN. IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR BURNING IN LAMPS AND
OTHERWISE, THE RESIDUUM THEREFROM BEING APPLICABLE FOR USE IN FIREWORKS
AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This improved composition is formed of the following ingredients:-
I take any kinds of oils or spirits and impregnate them by distilling, boiling,
or otherwise with nitrate of potash, sal-ammoniac, and magnesia. I do not
limit myself to any exact proportions of these ingredients as they will
vary very considerably according to the nature and quality of the oil or
spirit, but the following may be given as an example:-
- 24 parts of oil or spirit.
2
"
"
"
nitrate of potash.
sal-ammoniac.
1
"
وو
magnesia.
1
This composition produces no smoke or smell, is inexplosive, cheap,

page_text: and of economical consumption, and the light obtained therefrom possesses
superior actinic power.
The composition when burnt leaves a residuum which may be used in
the manufacture of fireworks, for the production of signal lights, and as
a substitute for gunpowder.
A NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINE FOR BREAKING OR CRUSHING ICE APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Purcell at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th May
1866.
I, JOSEPH PURCELL, Merchant, of the Town of Lowestoft, in the County of
Suffolk, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR
IMPROVED MACHINE FOR BREAKING OR CRUSHING ICE APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES,"
to be as follows:-
A fly wheel turned by hand or other power with hammers or crushers
which fall on the ice placed on a grating furnished with sharp points placed at
suitable distances, the broken ice being then received into boxes.
The necessity for this Invention has arisen from the want of ice in a suitable
and portable form to pack in boxes and other receptacles containing fish, the
said boxes or packages being brought from Norway or other countries in bigh
latitudes, and being intended especially to preserve the fish in a fresh and
catable condition during transit to the place of consumption.
The principal object of the Invention is therefore to render the preservation
and transport of fish from distant parts to this country attainable, but the
apparatus is calculated and intended to be used for other purposes also.
The machine which I have invented and found serviceable consists of a driving
or fly wheel shaft that raises certain hammers or stampers by means of cones or

page_text: excentrics on the said shaft, the lumps of ice being placed upon a grating
that has suitably placed teeth projecting upwards; the falling of the stampers
forces the said lumps down upon the teeth, and thus breaks, splits, and shapes
them into the size and form required, the said pieces passing through the bars
of the said grating into a receiver beneath. This, therefore, is the machine for
which I claim protection in all its applications.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEDICINE FOR THE CURE OF HOOPING AND OTHER COUGHS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Blackman and Edward
Blackman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 27th October 1866.
We, JOHN BLACKMAN and EDWARD BLACKMAN, both of Knightsbridge, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said 'Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEDICINE FOR THE CURE OF HOOPING AND OTHER COUGHS,"
to be as follows:-
Our improvements consist in combining the under-mentioned matters,
prepared as described, for the cure of coughs, but principally the hooping
cough. We mix saccharine matters with malt liquor, and prepare a decoction
with thyme and a little coltsfoot, adding a little vinegar to modify and render
it slightly astringent. In proportions we take, say, one pint of beer (by
preference), and mix with it about one pound of saccharine matter, white
sugar candy by preference, adding about one quarter of a pint of water in
which a little coltsfoot has been previously decocted. The whole is submitted
to a slow evaporating or boiling process, together with half an ounce of thyme,
which is continued until the quantity is reduced to about one-half; a little
vinegar is now added and the solution strained to separate the thyme or other
herbaceous substance that may be contained, when it may be bottled and
stored for use. This medicine is administered in doses of, say, from a tea-
spoonful to a table-spoonful according to age, and at such intervals as may be
found most beneficial.
AN IMPROVED COMBUSTIBLE AND INEXTINGUISHABLE COMPOUND
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Sharp and Robert Smith
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 18th May 1866.
We, JAMES SHARP and ROBERT SMITп, both of Blackford, in the County
of Perth, North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
of "AN IMPROVED COMBUSTIBLE AND INEXTINGUISHABLE COMPOUND," to be as follows,
that is to say:
This Invention relates to the combination or mixture of certain materials
for the production of a combustible compound which when once ignited
becomes inextinguishable by any agent at present known, as it burns without
atmospheric air, and will burn in water, in carbonic acid gas, nitrogen, and
all other gases which do not support combustion.
Under one modification the compound may be formed by mixing nitre,
charcoal, and sulphur all in a powdered state, and then adding and thoroughly
commingling therewith a quantity of unground or unpounded gunpowder.
Under another modification the compound may be formed by mixing nitre,
charcoal, chlorate of potash, ferrocyanide of potassium, and sulphur, all
powdered, and then adding a quantity of gunpowder as in the first modifica-
tion.
This compound under both modifications is specially applicable to and
well adapted for making fusces for blasting rock below water, and all other

page_text: blasting purposes, also for firing bombs, shells, and other missiles. When the
compound is dissolved in alcohol or naphtha, cords, cloth, or vegetable fibres
may be dipped in the solution, thus rendering them combustible and in-
extinguishable and specially applicable for the destruction of ships and other
like purposes.
The proportions of the materials or ingredients which it is preferred to
use, although these proportions may be varied, are four parts nitre, two parts
charcoal, and one part sulphur with the addition of two parts of gunpowder;
or three and a half parts of nitre, one part of charcoal, half a part of chlorate
of potash, half a part of ferrocyanide of potassium, and one part of sulphur
with the addition of one part of gunpowder.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN BREECH- LOADING FIRE-ARMS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Gunner at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th February
1866.
I, JAMES GUNNER, of Enfield, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN BREECH-
LOADING FIRE-ARMS," to be as follows:-
My Invention chiefly relates to those breech-loading arms in which a spiral
spring is employed to return the breech piece to its place after the cartridge
or cartridge case has been withdrawn; this spring is generally placed round
the gear pin on which the breech piece works. The object of my Invention is
to cover and protect this spring from exposure to wet and dirt. My Invention
consists in placing the spring in the interior of two cylinders, one of which
works inside the other similar to a telescope joint; the outer end of each
cylinder is closed except for the passage of the gear pin. The outer end of
the back cylinder rests against the percussion lump and the outer end of the
front cylinder against the hinge joint of the breech piece. As the breech piece
is drawn back it presses back the front cylinder which rests against it, forcing
it into or over the other cylinder, and thereby compressing the spiral spring;
when the breech piece is released the spring returns it into position in the
ordinary manner. My Invention is also applicable to covering and protecting
other spiral springs used in breech-loading arms.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING HEMP AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Bernoulli Barlow at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
May 1866. A communication from abroad by Ernest Bazin, of Paris,
in the Empire of France, Civil Engineer.
I, HENRY BERNOULLI BARLOW, of the City of Manchester, Patent Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING HEMP AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES,"
a communication to me from abroad by Ernest Bazin, of Paris, in the
Empire of France, Civil Engineer, to be as follows:-
The nature of this Invention consists in certain combinations of machinery
for spinning by which the yarn is made to drive the flyer, and by which the
yarn is wound either on to a bobbin or on a drum of sufficient diameter to be
made into a hank. By this means the differential motion is dispensed with,
and a more equal twist is given to the yarn. The drawing of the fibres is
performed by a spiked or toothed roller placed between the drawing rollers
instead of screw gills, as now customary, the drawing apparatus forming
part of the spinning machine.
When the yarn is wound on a bobbin the bobbin is turned round at a
uniform speed by suitable gearing, and the flyer, which is fixed on a hollow
spindle provided with a break is traversed to and fro by a double screw or
other equivalent to distribute the yarn evenly over the surface of the bobbin.
When the yarn is wound on a drum the first flyer is not moved to and fro
and a second flyer is put in the place of the bobbin; this flyer is mounted on a

page_text: hollow axle through which the yarn passes to the drum, which is moved to
and fro in the direction of its axis to distribute the yarn on its surface by an
eccentric or other equivalent. The amount of twist given to the yarn is
governed by increasing or reducing the pressure of the break on the spindle
of the flyer which is turned round by the yarn.