Improvements in Systems of Electric Distribution.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 19th May, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 10th Feb., 1893-Accepted, 15th Apr., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Systems of Electric Distribution.
I, HERBERT JOHN ALLISON, of 52 Chancery Lane, London, in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
which has been communicated to me from abroad by Cyprien Odillon Mailloux,
of the City, County and State of New York, U.S.A., Electrical Engineer, to be
as follows:-
My invention relates to those systems of electric distribution known as constant
potential systems in which different consumption circuits or different portions of
a connected system of consumption circuits are connected with and supplied by
the same generator or generators through feeder wires or circuits.
As is well known it is usual in such a system to obtain a uniformity of potential
in consumption circuits or parts of consumption circuit at different distances from
the central station, or having different normal loads by adjusting or determining
initially the loss or drop of the several feeder circuits by their resistance, the
feeder wires for the consumption circuits or portions of consumption circuit nearer
the central station being given an artificial drop or loss larger than would be
necessary if all parts of the system were at the same distance from the central
station.
In this plan it is obviously necessary that the potential or pressure of the source
of supply should be at least equal to that which is necessary for the feeder which
connects to the more distant part of the system and consequently requires the higher
potential.
In other words the potential difference at the terminals of the dynamo has to be
made as high as is required to compensate for the loss in the feeder of highest
resistance. This potential difference is the greater, the greater the distance to the
point of connection to the consumption circuit for equal current loads and for this
reason the shorter feeders must be made of higher resistance than actually necessary,
or an artificial resistance must be added to the feeder to cause the drop or loss in
potential that will bring the consumption circuit or portion of circuit supplied
by said feeder to practically the same potential as the parts supplied by the longer
feeder.
It is also necessary in such a system to provide for an adjustment of the
resistance in the feeder wires in accordance with variations of the current load
in them.
It will be obvious that in a system of this kind a certain percentage of energy
is necessarily wasted in heating resistance. Moreover since this enforced loss
increases with the radius of territory or area covered by the consumption system
owing to a greater excess of potential being needed to supply the desired potential
difference or pressure at the more distant point, it follows that a limit is soon
reached commercially in the area of territory that can be profitably operated from
a single source of supply.
One of the objects of my invention is to provide for the control and regulation
of the electric pressure at the different parts of the system of consumption
circuits in a reliable and effective manner without loss of efficiency; and further,
to extend the area of commercial usefulness of the present sources of supply as well
as to increase the economy, with which such systems may be generally operated.
It is also well known that under the present systems of operation the degree of
difference permissible in the normal loads of different consumption circuits or
portions of consumption circuits supplied by feed wires from a generator or
generators of given potential soon reaches a practical economical limit owing to

page_text: the fact that it is necessary to make the feed wire of the lightly loaded portion
of the system of greater total resistance than the more heavily loaded part, in
order to have the same drop or greater loss in the feed wire of the lightly loaded
portion of the system as in the feed wire of the more heavily loaded portion so that
the resultant potential or pressure of the consumption circuits may be of the normal
or proper amount.
Another object of my invention is to admit a greater disparity in the normal
loads of different portions of the system without undue losses as well as to remove
the loss due, in the present systems, to the use of a feeder wire having in itself,
(or by an artificially interposed resistance,) a higher resistance for the lightly
loaded portion of the system in order to bring down the potential of its consumption
circuit to normal.
Hence, also by my invention, consumption circuits already loaded to the limit
of economy in the use of copper for the feeders may have their load increased
without change in the feed wires or undue losses in consequence of raising the
whole station potential; or feed wires having less copper than is now employed
could be used for the more heavily loaded portion of the system.
My invention consists substantially in adding to subtracting from the drop or
loss in one or more of the feed wires or conductors which supply the consumption
circuits of the system, by using a supplemental electromotive force generator in
the circuit of said feeder and adjusted and applied to produce with normal load
an effect assisting or opposing the electro-motive force of the main generator in
proper degree to give a resultant drop on said feeder such as is required to secure
the desired relation of potentials or pressure on the different consumption circuits
or portions of consumption circuits.
If it is desired to add to the drop upon the feeder circuit the supplemental
source of electro-motive force is connected into such feeder circuit and operated
BO as to set up an electro-motive force counter to that of the main source
of supply.
If it is desired to subtract from the drop in the feeder in which the supple-
menting action is to be produced, the said electro-motive force generator is applied
and operated in a manner to assist that of the main source.
As an electro-motive force generator for this purpose I employ by preference
an electro dynamic machine the armature of which is run in the feeder circuit
either as a motor or as a generator, according to the effect desired.
When run to increase the drop in the feeder wire it has its magnetic field excited
so that it will operate as a motor thereby giving rise to a counter electro-motive
force which will reduce the initial electro-motive force. This counter electro-motive
force may be varied in any well known way either for the purpose of an initial
adjustment to the normal load on the consumption circuit or for variations of load,
by varying the strength of the magnetic field or by varying the speed of the
motor or in any other well known way.
If on the other hand the armature of the electro-dynamic machine is to operate
to decrease the drop on the feeder wire or circuit, it is then run as a generator
whose electro-motive force supplements that of the main source, its effect or action
being regulated to produce the desired initial effect or to change the effect with
variations of load in any suitable manner.
When it is thus operated it may be driven by any suitable power derived from
any prime mover, as, for instance, from that employed to drive the main generator
which supplies all of the feeder circuits of the system, either directly by being
belted or mechanically connected to the prime mover, or indirectly through the
energy of an electric motor which may be driven by current supplied from the
main generator.
In carrying out my invention where only two feeder wires are employed for the
different consumption circuits or portions of consumption circuit, the supplemental
electro-motive force generator may be run in either of said feeder circuits or each
feeder circuit may have such a supplemental electro-motive force generator.

page_text: It is also possible to run all of the supplemental generators of the system as
motor armatures or as generators assisting the electro-motive force of the main
source of supply or some may be run as motors and some as generators.
The motor armatures are preferably belted or geared or otherwise connected
with the supplemental assisting generators or with the main generator so that the
energy consumed in the motor may be utilized in operating the generators thereby
effecting a great saving in the total power consumed. The connection of the
motor armature or armatures so that the energy absorbed therein may be recon-
verted into energy or power that will drive the main dynamo may be effected by
the mechanical connection of said revolving armatures with the main dynamo, or,
if desired, the supplemental armatures, run partly as motors and partly as generators,
may be connected together and driven from a motor which is itself driven by electric
energy supplied from the main generator or from the bars or wires to which the
feeder wires are connected.
Where a number of supplemental armatures are used for the feeder circuits they
may be placed separately in said feeders or the feeder wires may be tapped into a
series circuit of the supplemental armatures so that the feeder circuit or conductor
in which a greater variation of drop is to be artificially produced shall be connected
with the main generator through a number of supplemental armatures while those
in which a less drop is to be produced shall find circuit through a less number of
such armatures in series.
One advantage of my improved system of distribution is that the loss by
resistance in the feeders need not be the same on the whole area lighted or supplied
but can be varied according to the requirements of economy. The portions near the
source of supply can be operated with a small drop or loss by resistance in the
feeder wire, while the feeders supplying the outlying districts could be allowed a
higher percentage of loss than is now allowed. In other words, by my system the
losses near to the source of supply are avoided and the energy saved may be
employed in extending the area of distribution.
Each armature may be run either as a motor by the current circulating in the
feed wire or may be operated as a generator as before explained. Each operates
in a suitable magnetic field provided with suitable means whereby its strength may
be adjusted to produce the required initial voltage in each armature or to compensate
for changes in the load on the feeder of each armature. For this purpose the field
magnet of each may be wound with two coils, one of the coils being traversed by a
constant current obtained from any suitable source, as for instance, from the bus-
bars, while the other is a main circuit coil and is in the main circuit with the
armature so as to be traversed by the current circulating over the feeder. Suitable
means may be employed for regulating or adjusting the flow of current in the said
coil as, for instance, rheostats, but any other suitable means may be employed for
adjusting or regulating the action of said coils. One coil, as will be well under-
stoop by electricians, should be adjusted to give the required initial voltage necessary
to cause the armature to act to the desired extent in determining the drop upon the
feeder. The main circuit coil serves as a means for automatically compensating
for the variations of loss in the feeder due to variations in the load; and it operates
as any compounding coil. In case the armature is run to give an assisting electro-
motive force to that of the main generators, the main coil is applied to assist the
other coil and raise the electro-motive force of the armature with increase of
current load in the feeder. If, on the contrary, the armature runs as a counter
electro-motive force generator, that is, as a motor, the coil is applied to tend to cut
down the field magnetism as in any compound wound motor the effect being to
decrease the electro-motive force of the armature on increase of the current load.
As will be obvious the main machine cannot adapt itself to all the circuits
individually, the losses in which would be naturally different for circuits of different
voltages, or because of variations in the load and of the drop in one feeder indepen-
dently of the other, but each electro-dynamic machine in the feeders being provided

page_text: with independent means for varying its effect automatically according to variations
of load on said feeder, it may take care of the losses in said feeders not provided
for in the main dynamo or source.
For the purpose of explaining the nature of my invention more fully, I will first
explain more in detail some of the variations of the conditions that may exist in the
cases of its application to the feeder wires which are required to supply consump
tion circuits or portions of consumption circuit at different distances from the
main source. Taking for this case feeder wires a and b, of which b, is the one
supplying the more distant portion of the system, it is obvious that the pressure on
the consumption circuit connected to b, will depend upon the drop or loss in said
wire b, which in turn is dependent upon the length of said feeder and the size of
the feeder wire. The drop or loss permissible in said feeder being determined it
is necessary that the same total drop should exist in the feeder a, in order that the
same potential or pressure should exist at the portion of the consumption circuit
supplied by a.
This may be effected by running the armature in said feeder as a motor and
adjusting it to give a counter-electro-motive force which adds to the drop due to
the resistance of said feeder so that the resultant drop due to the resistance plus
the counter-electro-motive force in a, shall be the same as the drop in b, due to
resistance. If the energy used in developing this counter-electro-motive force is
converted into driving power running the main generator in accordance with my
invention, it is obvious that the gauge of feeder b, might be less than would be
otherwise required or that said feeder might supply a part of the system relatively
more remote and still feed into the consumption circuit the same potential.
Instead of using a motor armature acting to increase the drop of the feeder a,
alone, a similar armature but differently adjusted might be run in combination with it
in the feeder b. In this case the motor armatures would obviously have to act with a
difference of effect dependent upon the differences in the losses or drop due to resist-
ance of the feeder conductors and the feeder b, would have to feed a portion of the
system nearer the source or else the gauge of the conductor in the feeder would have
to be increased so that the total drop therein might be the same. This would be true
also of the feeder a, which would now have to have a counter electro-motive force
armature having an effect to increase the drop relatively greater on account of the
opposing effect of the armature in the feeder b, or else its feeder wire would have
to be of larger gauge to compensate for such increased effect. In this instance it
is obvious as before that the resultant drop in the feeders due to the counter-electro-
motive force plus the natural resistance of the feeder itself could be made the same
so that each feeder should feed into the consumption circuit the same potential or
pressure of electric energy.
0
My invention it will be obvious is therefore capable of realization in the case of
a system where two feeders only are used, by running an armature in both of said
feeders, both of said armatures being motors or both generators, or one a motor
and the other a generator.
It is further obvious that in the case of two feeders the same compensating action
for producing the proper drop on the feeders might be obtained by using the motor
armature in one of them only, or a generator armature in one of them only.
In the case of two feed wires, as well as in the case of a larger number the
energy consumed in the motor armature in developing the counter-electro-motive
force which tends to produce an increase of the drop could be employed as
converted mechanical power in driving the supplemental generator armatures
which operate in other feeder wires in a manner to decrease the drop.
If motor armatures only were employed in the feeder wire or wires, the power
of such armatures could be employed in driving the main generator.
Substantially the same variation of condition and of arrangement would obviously
exist in the case of feeders feeding parts of a system having different normal load
whether such parts were at different or at the same distances from the central station.

page_text: Assuming feeder wires in question to be two in number and to supply consump-
tion circuits having different normal loads but at the same distance from the
central station, it is obvious that if the feeders were of the same resistance and
that for the consumption circuit having the greater load had the proper drop, that
for the lighter load would have two little drop.
The remedy for this has heretofore been to make the resistance of the more
lightly loaded feeder greater in order to bring down the pressure at the consumption
circuit supplied by it to normal. If the wires themselves were of the same
resistance, artificial resistance would have to be inserted.
According to my invention a supplemental electro-motive force generator opposing
or assisting would be put into one or both feeders and made to have an effect
assisting or diminishing the drop of the feeders to such extent that the total
resultant drop in the two feeders in question would be of proper amount or relation
in said feeders to give the required pressure in the consumption circuits.
It could be applied as a counter electro-motive force in the more lightly loaded
feeder alone so as to increase the total drop and for bringing the pressure down to
the required amount in the consumption circuit; or it could be applied in the same
way in both feeders but in proper relative amount to give the required resultant
relative drop in said feeders.
Or the generator armature could be used in the feeder having the greater load
to raise the potential and tend to decrease the drop therein. In this case the
wasteful resistance heretofore used in the feeder for the more lightly loaded portions
of the system could be omitted, a feeder of higher resistance than usual for the
heavily loaded feeder could be employed and the drop brought down to the
required amount by the assisting potential of the electro-motive force generator.
It would, therefore, also be practicable to increase the disparity in the normal
loads of the two feeders since the same feeder conductors could be employed and
the diminished loss required for the greater load be provided for by the assisting
electro-motive force in the feeder connected to the more highly loaded consumption
circuit. Or on the contrary the loss could be increased in the other feeder by a
counter electro-motive force generator and a less load be efficiently run thereon,
the motive power of such generator being used to run a generator assisting or
tending to raise the potential of the system.
From what has already been said it will be obvious that the required relative
drop in the two feeders supplying normally different loads could be also obtained
by differentiating the effects of a motor and generator armature in said feeder
conductor respectively.
Instead of using a main compounding coil alone for adjusting automatically the
effects of the electro-motive force generators upon the feeders, I might use in
addition thereto an automatic arrangement consisting of supplemental means for
adjusting the action of the electro-motive force generator in the feeder, said means
being ordinarily controlled by a relay or magnet connected by pressure wires
directly to the consumption circuit where it is desired to maintain the adjusted
potential. Such means for adjusting the action of the generator is conveniently a
field magnet coil applied to the field magnet and operating to increase or decrease
the magnetism as required.
While I prefer to employ an electro-motive force generator in which a main
circuit coil on the field magnet and in the feeder circuit is combined with supple-
mental means for adjusting the field magnetism, responsive directly to variations
of pressure communicated through pressure wires, it would be possible to employ
the same automatic regulation by the pressure wire alone, the main coil being in
this instance omitted.
By using these combined devices for regulation, it will be obvious that the
variations of load which are not taken care of by the main circuit coil, either by
reason of the sluggishness of the apparatus or because of their great percentage
of the maximum load, may be taken care of by means of the coil which is directly

page_text: responsive to the changes of pressure at the point of connection of the feeder wire
to the general distribution system.
Dad hin 10th day of M
1900
ALLISON BROS.,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Systems of Electric Distribution.
I, HERBERT JOHN ALLISON, of 52 Chancery Lane, London, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, which
has been communicated to me from abroad by Cyprien Odillon Mailloux, of the
City, County and State of New York, U.S.A., Electrical Engineer, to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to those systems of electric distribution known as constant
potential systems in which different consumption circuits or different portions of a
connected system of consumption circuits are connected with and supplied by the
same generator or generators through feeder wires or circuits.
As is well known it is usual in such a system to obtain a uniformity of potential
in consumption circuits or parts of consumption circuits at different distances from
the central station, or having different normal loads by adjusting or determining
initially the loss or drop of the several feeder circuits by their resistance, the
feeder wires for the consumption circuits or portions of consumption circuits nearer
the central station being given an artificial drop or loss larger than would be
necessary if all parts of the system were at the same distance from the central
station.
In this plan it is obviously necessary that the potential or pressure of the source
of supply should be at least equal to that which is necessary for the feeder which
connects to the more distant part of the system and consequently requires the
higher potential.
In other words the potential difference at the terminals of the dynamo has to be
made as high as is required to compensate for the loss in the feeder of highest
resistance. This potential difference is the greater, the greater the distance to the
point of connection to the consumption circuit for equal current loads and for this
reason the shorter feeders must be made of higher resistance than actually necessary,
or an artificial resistance must be added to the feeder to cause the drop or loss in
potential that will bring the consumption circuit or portion of circuit supplied by
said feeder to practically the same potential as the parts supplied by the longer
feeder.
It is also necessary in such a system to provide for an adjustment of the
resistance in the feeder wires in accordance with variations of the current load
in them.
It will be obvious that in a system of this kind a certain percentage of energy
is necessarily wasted in heating resistance. Moreover since this enforced loss
increases with the radius of territory or area covered by the consumption system
owing to a greater excess of potential being needed to supply the desired
potential difference or pressure at the more distant point, it follows that a limit is
soon reached commercially in the area of territory that can be profitably operated
from a single source of supply.
One of the objects of my invention is to provide for the control and regulation
of the electric pressure at the different parts of the system of consumption circuits
in a reliable and effective manner without loss of efficiency; and further to extend
the area of commercial usefulness of the present sources of supply as well as to
increase the economy with which such systems may be generally operated.
It is also well known that under the present systems of operation the degree of

page_text: difference permissible in the normal loads of different consumption circuits or
portions of consumption circuits supplied by feed wires from a generator or
generators of given potential soon reaches a practical economical limit owing to the
fact that it is necessary to make the feed wire of the lightly loaded portion of the
system of greater total resistance than the more heavily loaded part, in order to
have the same drop or greater loss in the feed wire of the lightly loaded portion of
the system as in the feed wire of the more heavily loaded portion so that the
resultant potential or pressure of the consumption circuits may be of the normal or
proper amount.
Another object of my invention is to admit a greater disparity in the normal
loads of different portions of the system without undue losses as well as to remove
the loss due, in the present systems to the use of a feeder wire having in itself, (or
by an artificially interposed resistance), a higher resistance for the lightly loaded
portion of the system in order to bring down the potential of its consumption
circuit to normal.
Hence, also by my invention, consumption circuits already loaded to the limit of
economy in the use of copper for the feeders may have their load increased without
change in the feed wires or undue losses in consequence of raising the whole
station potential; or feed wires having less copper than is now employed could be
used for the more heavily loaded portion of the system.
My invention consists essentially in adding to or subtracting from the drop or
loss in one or more of the feed wires or conductors which supply the consumption
circuits of the system, by using a supplemental or electro-motive force generator
in the circuit of said feeder and adjusted and applied to produce with normal load
an effect assisting or opposing the electro-motive force of the main generator in
proper degree to give a resultant drop on said feeder such as is required to secure
the desired relation of potentials or pressure on the different consumption circuits
or portions of consumption circuits.
If it is desired to add to the drop upon the feeder circuit the supplemental
source of electro-motive force is connected into such feeder circuit and operated so
as to set up an electro-motive force counter to that of the main source of supply.
If it is desired to subtract from the drop in the feeder in which the supplementing
action is to be produced, the said electro-motive force generator is applied and
operated in a manner to assist that of the main source.
As an electro-motive force generator for this purpose I employ by preference an
electro-dynamic machine the armature of which is run in the feeder circuit either
as a motor or as a generator, according to the effect desired.
When run to increase the drop in the feeder wire it has its magnetic field excited
so that it will operate as a motor thereby giving rise to a counter electro-motive force
which will reduce the initial electro-motive force. This counter electro-motive
force may be varied in any well known way either for the purpose of an initial
adjustment to the normal load on the consumption circuit or for variations of load,
by varying the strength of the magnetic field or by varying the speed of the motor
or in any other well known way.
If on the other hand the armature of the electro-dynamic machine is to operate
to decrease the drop on the feeder wire or circuit, it is then run as a generator
whose electro-motive force supplements that of the main source, its effect or action
being regulated to produce the desired initial effect or to change the effect with
variations of load in any suitable manner.
When it is thus operated it may be driven by any suitable power derived
from any prime mover, as, for instance, from that employed to drive the main
generator which supplies all of the feeder circuits of the system, either directly
by being belted or mechanically connected to the prime mover, or indirectly through
the energy of an electric motor which may be driven by current supplied from the
main generator.
In carrying out my invention where only two feeder wires are employed
for the different consumption circuits or portions of consumption circuits, the

page_text: supplemental electro-motive force generator may be run in either of said feeder
circuits or each feeder circuit may have such a supplemental electro-motive force
generator.
It is also possible to run all of the supplemental generators of the system as
motor armatures or as generators assisting the electro-motive force of the main
source of supply or some may be run as motors and some as generators.
The motor armatures are preferably belted or geared or otherwise connected
with the supplemental assisting generators or with the main generator so that the
energy consumed in the motors may be utilized in operating the generators thereby
effecting a great saving in the total power consumed. The connection of the
motor armature or armatures so that the energy absorbed therein may be re-con-
verted into energy or power that will drive the main dynamo may be effected by
the mechanical connection of said revolving armatures with the main dynamo or, if
desired, the supplemental armatures, run partly as motors and partly as generators,
may be connected together and driven from a motor which is itself driven by
electric energy supplied from the main generator or from the bars or wires to which
the feeder wires are connected.
Where a number of supplemental armatures are used for the feeder circuits they
may be placed separately in said feeders or the feeder wires may be tapped into a
series circuit of the supplemental armatures so that the feeder circuit or conductor
in which a greater variation of drop is to be artificially produced shall be connected
with the main generator through a number of supplemental armatures while those
in which a less drop is to be produced shall find circuit through a less number of
such armatures in series.
One advantage of my improved system of distribution is that the loss by
resistance in the feeders need not be the same on the whole area lighted or supplied,
but can be varied according to the requirements of economy. The portions near
the source of supply can be operated with a small drop or loss by resistance in the
feeder wire, while the feeders supplying the outlying districts could be allowed a
higher percentage of loss than is now allowed. In other words, by my system the
losses near to the source of supply are avoided and the energy saved may be
employed in extending the area of distribution.
My invention consists further in the combination of apparatus and circuits
hereinafter described and more particularly specified in the claims.
Fig. 1, is a diagram of a system and apparatus organized in accordance with my
invention.
Fig. 2, illustrates a modification in the arrangement of the supplemental
electro-motive force generators with relation to the feeder wires or conductors. .
Fig. 3, illustrates the application of the invention to the three wire system.
The consumption circuit or circuits of a constant potential system of distribution
are indicated by the numerals 6, 6. The circuits may be connected into a common
network, as shown, or they may be separate or independent circuits normally
disconnected from one another but supplied with energy from the feed wires con-
necting them with the sources of supply.
I have illustrated my invention as applied to a system in which five feeders,
indicated by the numerals 1 to 5, inclusive, are employed, which feeders are
supposed to be connected to consumption circuits or portions of circuits at different
distances from the general sources of supply, or to consumption circuits or portions
of circuits having normally different loads.
While I have shown five feeder circuits, it is within my invention to employ a
greater or less number. They are connected as branches to the same general
source or sources of energy which are constructed in the usual manner to furnish
at their terminals an approximately constant difference of potential or a difference
of potential which shall rise with the load to keep a constant difference upon the
bus-bars or upon the general system.
In the present instance I have shown the general source of supply as consisting
of a generator G, which is compounded in any proper or usual manner with a

page_text: constant exciting source and a variable source by which it may be, if desired, over-
compounded to compensate for variations of loss in the circuits between it and the
translating devices in consequence of variations in the load. The ordinary type of
generator as herein illustrated comprises, as is well known, a field magnet having
coils G³, excited in shunt to the general circuit from the armature and including a
variable resistance device or rheostat G³, and main circuit coils G', placed in the
main circuit with the armature and the work. This machine is connected as shown
to the usual bus-bars H, and associated with it are the usual switches, ammeters,
and voltmeters, as indicated.
The several feeder wires 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, are connected with said bus-bars in the
ordinary way.
A, B, C, D, are the supplemental electro-motive force generators which in the
present instance are shown as consisting of the armatures of electro-dynamic
machines which are belted or otherwise connected with any suitable driving power
preferably with the driving power of the generator G, through suitable shafts and
belting or other mechanism. They are by the same mechanism interconnected with
one another so that those armatures which operate as motor armatures may act
upon those which operate as generator armatures in the manner of a driving
power.
The several armatures or electro-motive force generators A, B, C, D, might be
driven from the same general driving power as G, through the intervention of an
electric motor, indicated at I, which motor obtains its driving energy from connec-
tion with the bus-bars as shown, and has its armature shaft belted or geared to the
shaft to which the armatures A, B, C, D, are connected.
In the diagram Fig. 1, the feeder 1, is supposed to be connected to a nearer
consumption circuit or portion of consumption circuit and the feeders 2, 3, 4, 5, to
be connected in regular order to consumption circuits or portions of consumption
circuits more remote, but as will hereinafter be made more apparent the said
feeders might feed consumption circuits having normally different loads.
Each armature A, B, C, D, may be run either as a motor by the currents
circulating in the feed wire or may be operated as a generator as before explained.
Each operates in a suitable magnetic field shown therein as provided with suitable
means whereby its strength may be adjusted to produce the required initial voltage
in each armature or to compensate for changes in the load on the feeder of each
armature. For this purpose the field magnet of each may be wound with two coils
as indicated in Fig. 1, of the diagram, one of the coils (K) being traversed by a
constant current obtained from any suitable source, as for instance, from the bus-
bars, while the other K2, is a main circuit coil and is in the main circuit with the
armature so as to be traversed by the current circulating over the feeder.
Suitable means may be employed for regulating or adjusting the flow of current
in the said coil as, for instance, rheostats included, for the coil K, in the direct
circuit thereof; and for the coil K2, in a shunt around said coil; but any other
suitable means may be employed for adjusting or regulating the action of said
coils. The coil K, as will be well understood by electricians should be adjusted
to give the required initial voltage necessary to cause the armature A, to act to
the desired extent in determining the drop upon the feeder. The main circuit
coil K³, serves as a means for automatically compensating for the variations of loss
in the feeder due to variations in the load; and it operates as any compounding
coil. In case the armature is run to give an assisting E.M.F. to that of the main
generators the coil K2, is applied to assist coil K, and raise the E.M.F. of the
armature with increase of current load in the feeder. If, on the contrary, the
armature runs as a counter E.M.F. generator, that is, as a motor the coil K³,
applied to tend to cut down the field magnetism as in any compound wound motor
the effect being to decrease the E.M.F. of the armature on increase of the current
load.
is
As will be obvious the main machine cannot adapt itself to all the circuits

page_text: individually, the losses in which would be naturally different for circuits of different
voltages, or because of variations in the load and of the drop in one feeder inde-
pendently of the other but each electro-dynamic machine in the feeders being
provided with independent means for varying its effect automatically according to
variations of load on said feeder, it may take care of the losses in said feeders not
provided for in the main dynamo or source.
Instead of using a main circuit compounding coil K³, for automatically com-
pensating for variations of load on the feeders individually, I may use the automatic
appliance indicated as attached to the field of the armature D, and which will be
presently described.
In the arrangement shown in the diagram the armatures A, B, may operate as
counter electro-motive force generators which tend to increase the drop in the
feeders 1, 2, while the armatures C, D, are driven as ordinary dynamo generators
so as to assist the potential of the main sources upon the feeders 4, 5. The
said armatures A, B, C, D, being all connected together, the motive effects
produced in the armatures A, B, will serve to assist in operating the generator"
armatures C, D.
The feeder wire 1, being that which is connected to the nearer point of the
consumption circuits has its armature adjusted to give an opposing effect that will
tend to produce a greater drop in said feeder than is produced by the armature B,
in the feeder 2. The armatures C, D, which run in a manner to re-enforce the
potential required from the main generator operate each in a manner to tend to
decrease the total drop on the feeders 4, 5, but the armature D, operates with a
greater effect than C.
The drop on feeder 3, is determined solely by the resistance of said feeder wire,
which feeder is connected directly to the two bus-bars as shown.
In each case the adjustment of the electro-motive force effect of the armature
is such that the resultant total drop in its feeder, due to the resistance of the
feeder wire combined with the effect of said armature shall give the desired
relation of pressure at the points of connection to the consumption circuits.
In the case supposed of consumption circuits feeding in constant potential
with substantially the same load over the whole system, the effect say of the
armature A, in increasing the drop of the feeder wire 1, would be such that
the pressure at the point of connection of said feeder wire to the consumption
circuits would be the same as the normal pressure produced at its point of connection
by the feeder wire 3, which has the potential of the bus-bars alone.
The feeder wire 2, which connects with a part of the system a little further
removed than 1, and which would, therefore, have supposedly a greater drop owing
to the resistance of the conductor would have its armature B, adjusted to produce
a counter effect less than A, so that the resultant total drop in said feeder wire
would be the same as in 1.
So in the case of feeder wires 4, 5, the assisting potential of the electro-motive
force generator is in each case normally such as to reduce the drop due in said
feeders to resistance and bring the pressure at the terminals of said feeders where
they connect to the consumption circuit up to normal.
Instead of operating the armatures C, D, as assisting electro-motive force
generators, they might be operated in the same way as armatures A, B, that is to
say, as counter electro-motive force generators, tending to increase the drop in their
feeder wires. In such case it would be desirable to connect that feeder wire which
supplies the more remote portion of the system, or the portion having the greater
load, directly to the bus-wires, or in other words to place the armatures C, D, in
the feed wires 3, 4, and connect feed wires 5, directly to the bus-bars in the same
way that 3, is shown connected. In this case the armature D, would have the least
counter effect in tending to increase the drop on its feeder wire and the effects
of C, B, A, would be in turn greater in the order named. All of the energy
consumed in driving said armature would be, when they are all belted to the main

page_text: generator returned to the general driving power of the central station and would
not be lost as is the case when artificial resistances heated by the current are used
for determining the relative drop in the feed wires.
If the armatures A, B, C, D, were all driven as generators having an assisting
electro-motive force then the feeder wire which is connected directly to the bus-
bar would be that which feeds the nearer portion of the system or consumption
circuits or that which has the less load and the armatures A, B, C, D, would in the
way named have each a higher potential than the preceding one of the series so as
to tend to lessen the resultant drop on its feed wire.
The adjustment of the relative effect upon the drop desired would be determined,
as already explained, by the adjustment of the current in the coil K, or by other
means. The automatic adjustment for variations of current load on each feeder
would be produced by the coil K³.
+
For the purpose of explaining the nature of my invention more fully, I will first
explain more in detail some of the variations of the conditions that may exist in the
cases of its application to the feeder wires which are required to supply consumption
circuits or portions of consumption circuits at different distances from the main
source. Taking for this case feeder wires 2, 3, of which 3, is the one supplying the
more distant portion of the system, it is obvious that the pressure on the consummp-
tion circuit connected to 3, will depend upon the drop or loss in said wire 3, which
in turn is dependent upon the length of said feeder and the size of the feeder wire.
The drop or loss permissible in said feeder being determined it is necessary that the
same total drop should exist in the feeder 2, in order that the same potential or
pressure should exist at the portion of the consumption circuit supplied by 2.
This may be effected by running the armature in said feeder as a motor and
adjusting it to give a counter electro-motive force which adds to the drop due to
the resistance of said feeder so that the resultant drop due to the resistance plus
the counter electro-motive force in 2, shall be the same as the drop in 3, due to
resistance. If the energy used in developing this counter electro-motive force is
converted into driving power running the main generator in accordance with my
invention, it is obvious that the gage of feeder 3, might be less than would be
otherwise required or that said feeder might supply a part of the system relatively
more remote and still feed into the consumption circuit the same potential.
Instead of using a motor armature acting to increase the drop of the feeder 2,
alone, a similar armature but differently adjusted might be run in combination with
it in the feeder 3. In this case the motor armatures would obviously have to act
with a difference of effect dependent upon the differences in the losses or drop due
to resistance of the feeder conductors and the feeder 3, would have to feed a portion
of the system nearer the source or else the gage of the conductor in the feeder
would have to be increased so that the total drop therein might be the same.
This
would be true also of the feeder 2, which would now have to have a counter electro-
motive force armature having an effect to increase the drop relatively greater on
account of the opposing effect of the armature in the feeder 3, or else its feeder
wire would have to be of larger gage to compensate for such increased effect. In
this instance it is obvious as before that the resultant drop in the feeders due to the
counter electro-motive force plus the natural resistance of the feeder itself could be
made the same so that each feeder should feed into the consumption circuit the
same potential or pressure of electric energy. The practical condition would be
ordinarily one wherein the two feeders would be connected to points of the system
that are nearer to the source and the condition is found in the figures of the
drawings in the two feeders 1, 2.
Taking now the case of the feeders 3, 4, the latter of which is required to feed a
more distant part of the system, it is obvious that the same total resultant drop
might be produced in both by running a generator armature in the feeder connected
to the more distant portions of the system so as to assist the applied potential and
thereby decrease the total resultant drop therein.
Here the total drop in the conductor 4, would be that due to its resistance minus

page_text: the supplementing action of the generator or tendency thereof to raise the potential
at the end of the feeder; and when the drop in the feeder 3, is that due only to the
resistance of its wire or conductor and the said conductor is connected to a near
point of the system and has but little natural drop, the same drop in both the
feeders may be secured not by giving an artificial resistance to 3, but by supple-
menting the potential of 4, the effect being that the potential at the end of the
feeder 4, is brought up to that at the end of the feeder 3.
Therefore, the feeder 4, may be of smaller gage wire or may be of the same gage
wire and be used to feed a more distant part of the system while the energy here-
tofore consumed in heating the resistance in the feeder 3, is saved and may be
employed in running the generator which will raise the potential on the feeder 4,
and enable the same feeder wire to produce the same pressure at a more distant
point.
It will be obvious that the feeder 3, might also have a generator assisting the
applied potential but in less degree than the assisting armature in the feeder 4, and
still produce the same resultant or total drop in both feeders so that the pressures
at the end connected to the consumption circuit should be the same.
In this case
the two feeders might supply points relatively more distant than the same feeders
where one only of them contain the generator. This condition is exemplified in
the figure of the drawings in the case of the feeders 4 and 5.
Another condition exists in the case of the two feeders 2, 4, which supply points
of the system whose distances from the main generator are relatively of a greater
difference than those supplied by feeders 3 and 4. In this instance the one feeder
which supplies the more distant point may have a generator which tends to reduce
the drop on said feeder while the other may have an armature run as a motor which
tends to increase the drop in its feeder.
As will be obvious the total resultant drop may be made the same on both by
properly adjusting the effects of said armatures. In the one case, to wit: in that
of the feeder 4, the total drop will be the resultant of the comparatively large
resistance of copper conductor diminished by the re-enforcing potential or electro-
motive force of the generator, while in the case of the feeder 2, the same resultant
drop will be effected by adding the counter electro-motive force which increases
the natural drop due to the resistance of copper in the feeder wire.
The supplementing or compensating action of motor and generator armatures
placed respectively in the feeder wires would obviously be greater in the case of
feeders which supply parts of the system the difference in whose distances from the
central station is still greater, as, for instance, the feeders 1, 5.
My invention it will be obvious is therefore capable of realization in the case of
a system where two feeders are used, by running an armature in both of said
feeders, both of said armatures being motors or both generators, or one a motor
and the other a generator.
It is further obvious that in the case of two feeders the same compensating
action for producing the proper drop on the feeders might be obtained by using
the motor armature in one of them only, or a generator armature in one of them
only.
In the case of two feed wires, as well as in the case of a larger number arranged
as shown in the drawings, the energy consumed in the motor armature in developing
the counter electro-motive force which tends to produce an increase of the drop
could be employed as converted mechanical power in driving the supplemental
generator armatures which operate in other feeder wires in a manner to decrease
the drop.
If motor armatures only were employed in the feeder wire or wires, the power of
such armatures could be employed in driving the main generator.
Substantially the same variation of condition and of arrangement would obviously
exist in the case of feeders feeding parts of a system having different normal load
whether such parts were at different or at the same distances from the central
station.

page_text: Assuming feeder wires in question to be two in number and to supply
consumption circuits having different normal loads but at the same distance from
the central station, it is obvious that if the feeders were of the same resistance and
that for the consumption circuit having the greater load had the proper drop, that
for the lighter load would have too little drop. The remedy for this has heretofore
been to make the resistance of the more lightly loaded feeder greater in order to
bring down the pressure at the consumption circuit supplied by it to the normal.
If the wires themselves were of the same resistance, artificial resistance would have
to be inserted.
According to my invention a supplemental electro-motive force generator
opposing or assisting would be put into one or both feeders and made to have an
effect assisting or diminishing the drop of the feeders to such extent that the total
resultant drop in the two feeders in question would be of the proper amount or
relation in said feeders to give the required pressure in the consumption circuits.
It could be applied as a counter electro-motive force in the more lightly loaded
feeder alone so as to increase the total drop and for bringing the pressure down to
the required amount in the consumption circuit; or it could be applied in the same
way in both feeders but in proper relative amount to give the required resultant
relative drop in said feeders.
Or the generator armature could be used in the feeder having the greater load
to raise the potential and tend to decrease the drop therein. In this case the
wasteful resistance heretofore used in the feeder for the more lightly loaded
portions of the system could be omitted, a feeder of higher resistance than usual
for the heavily loaded feeder could be employed and the drop brought down to the
required amount by the assisting potential of the electro-motive force generator.
It would, therefore, also be practicable to increase the disparity in the normal
loads of the two feeders since the same feeder conductors could be employed and
the diminished loss required for the greater load be provided for by the assisting
electro-motive force in the feeder connected to the more highly loaded consumption
circuit. Or on the contrary the loss could be increased in the other feeder by a
counter electro-motive force generator and a less load be efficiently run thereon,
the motive power of such generator being used to run a generator assisting or
tending to raise the potential of the system.
From what has already been said it will be obvious that the required relative
drop in the two feeders supplying normally different loads could be also obtained
by differentiating the effects of a motor and generator armature in said feeder
conductor respectively.
Instead of using a main compounding coil alone for adjusting automatically the
effects of the electro-motive force generators upon the feeders, I might use in
addition thereto an automatic arrangement such as illustrated in connection with
the armature D, wherein I have shown supplemental means for adjusting the
action of the electro-motive force generator in the feeder, said means being
ordinarily controlled by a relay or magnet connected by pressure wires directly to
the consumption circuit where it is desired to maintain the adjusted potential. Such
means for adjusting the action of the generator is conveniently a field magnet coil
applied to the field magnet and operating to increase or decrease the magnetism as
required.
While I prefer to employ an electro-motive force generator in which a main
circuit coil on the field magnet and in the feeder circuit is combined with supple-
inental means for adjusting the field magretism, responsive directly to variations
of pressure communicated through pressure wires, it would be possible to employ
the same automatic regulation by the pressure wire alone, the main coil A³, being
in this instance omitted. This variation I have illustrated in the case of the
supplemental generator D, in Fig. 2, of the drawings.
The means responsive to variations on a pressure wire is conveniently a coil K,
on the field magnet in which coil variations of effect may be produced by a
resistance or otherwise. Thus, for instance, the coil K, may have its effects

page_text: automatically varied by the action of a rheostat the arm of which indicated at R
is automatically controlled in its movements by any suitable mechanism that in
turn is controlled in its operation, by an electro-magnet or magnets in a pressure
wire 7, which connects with the point of the consumption circuits where the feeder
wire 5, in which the armature D, is located, connect, so that variations of pressure
at such point due to variations of load will operate the relays and produce a corre-
sponding movement of the arm R.
When the armature D, is operated as an assisting generator the parts are so
combined that the movement of the arm R, will be in a direction to increase the
effective field on an increase of load at the point of connection of the feeder circuit
to the consumption circuit.
On the other hand if the armature D, were operated as a motor armature
tending to increase the drop of the feeder wire, the contrary effect would be
produced, that is to say, the field should be decreased on an increase of the load.
By using these combined devices for regulation it will be obvious that the
variations of load which are not taken care of by the main circuit coil K², either
by reason of the sluggishness of the apparatus or because of their great percentage
of the maximum load, may be taken care of by means of the coil K, which is
directly responsive to the changes of pressure at the point of connection of the
feeder wire 5, to the general distribution system.
The mechanism for controlling the movement of the resistance arm consists of
an electric motor the armature M, of which is connected through a worm screw
with the spindle of the rheostat arm. The direction of movement of said armature
is determined by reversing the direction of current in the armature, which is placed
in circuit with the field magnet coil S. One terminal of the field magnet coil is
connected to one of the bus-bars H, as indicated. The other terminal of said coil
connects with the front contact of a relay T, in the pressure wire and also with the
back contact of a relay T', in said pressure wire. The back contact of relay T, and the
front contact of relay T, connect to the opposite bus-bar from that to which the field
magnet connects directly. The two terminals of the armature itself are taken to the
relay armature levers, as shown. The retracters of these levers are so adjusted that
with the normal pressure the effect of the magnet T2, would be insufficient to hold up
its armature lever against the front stop, while in the case of the armature lever of T,
the retracter will be overcome by the effects of such normal pressure. A certain
margin of adjustment may be provided so that an increase or a decrease of pressure
is required to a determinate degree in order to produce any movement of the
armature levers, and hence there may be variations within certain limits without
any movement of the rheostat arm R.
The condition of things during the normal pressure is indicated in the
drawings.
Starting from the lower bus-bar, the circuit for the motor will be found to be
broken at the front contact of T, and the back contact of T, and the motor will,
therefore, remain at rest. If the pressure falls the relay armature of T, will drop
back and close circuit, and the circuit will then be through the motor starting from
the upper bus-bar by way of said back contact and the armature lever of T,
through the armature of the motor to the back contact of T2, thence to the field
magnet and to the opposite bus-bar and the motor will then operate the rheostat
arm in such way as to cause the electro-motive force generator D, to decrease the
total drop on the feeder 5, and restore the pressure of the consumption circuit to
normal. As soon as this restoration has been effected, the armature lever of T,
will be drawn up and the parts resume their normal position and the motor come
to rest.
If the pressure should increase beyond the adjusted amount the armature lever
of T, will be drawn up thereby closing the circuit on its front contact which is
connected directly to the upper bus-bars, the armature lever of T, retaining of
course its position. The circuit will now be through the armature of the motor in
the opposite direction starting from the upper bus-bar T, through the front contact

page_text: of the relay T, armature lever thereof, armature of motor to armature of relay T,
front contact of the latter, and through the field magnet of the motor to the opposite
bus-bar.
The motor now reverses its movement and the arm R, moves in the opposite
direction so that the supplemental electro-motive force generator D, will operate in
the feeder wire so as to increase the total drop on said feeder wire and cause the
pressure to be restored to normal. When this occurs the armature lever of T',
will drop back and the circuit of the motor will be broken and the arm R, cease
to move.
The several supplemental electro-motive force generators instead of being arranged
in the manner shown in Fig. 1, might obviously be arranged as shown in Fig. 2. In
this case the armature of B, is connected into series circuit with armature A, the
feeder 1, being tapped to the point of connection while the feeder 2, is connected
to the terminal of the series of two armatures A, B, the effect of B, is, therefore
added to that of A, in the feeder 2, while feeder 1, feels the influence of A, alone.
In the same way armatures C, D, might be connected together.
It is obvious that this modification in the arrangements does not change the
general operation of the devices, but it is possible in such case to employ for the
armature B, or the armature D, a smaller armature than is necessary in the first
described arrangement, since the effect to be obtained therefrom is only equivalent
to the difference between the effects required in the circuits 1, 2, while in the former
arrangement the effect of B, must be produced without re-enforcing influence of A.
It is, however, necessary in this case that the armature A, should be constructed
with reference to its being compelled to carry the combined currents for the
feeders 1, 2. The arrangement is also not so desirable because it does not permit
the same independence of automatic regulation of the drop by the armatures.
Fig. 3, illustrates the application of my invention to a three wire system. In
this case I have omitted some of the auxiliary devices shown in the other figures
of the drawings for the sake of simplicity. The two generators which are run in
series with one another and are connected at an intermediate point to the middle
bus-wire are indicated by the letters G, T. The consumption circuits of a part of
the system more remote from the central station are indicated at 6, and the
consumption circuits-nearer to the station or having a different normal load by the
wires 9, 9. Supplemental generator A, and feed wire 1, connect to one side of
the three wire consumption circuits 9, and supplemental generator B, in the feed
wire 1, connects to the opposite side of the system of consumption circuits, and the
neutral conductor 10, connected to the intermediate wire connects as shown, to the
intermediate bus-bar in the obvious and well known way.
Similarly the consumption circuits 6, are fed through the feeder wires 2 and 2*,
in which are placed the supplemental generators C, D, 10, being the neutral
conductor connected to an intermediate wire 6, of the three wire consumption
circuit.
The armatures A, B, as before explained might be both run as generators or both
as motors and would each be normally adjusted with relation to the resultant drop
desired in each feeder wire 1 or 1º, or with relation to the difference in the normal
load on the two sides of the three wire system 9.
Armatures C, D, would be adjusted with relation to the resultant drop desired in
the feeder wires connected to the more distant or more heavily loaded part of the
general system 6.
Armatures A, B, might be run as motor armatures, giving a counter electro-
motive force, while armatures C, D, are run as generator armatures giving an
assisting counter electro-motive force to the main generators or vice versa.
might be run as motor armatures or all as generator armatures.
Or all
While I have shown consumption circuits 6 and 9, as separate or independent, it
is obvious that they might be parts of a connected system of consumption circuits
as already explained.

page_text: Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a system of electric distribution, the combination with the consumption circuit
or circuits and the feeder wires or conductors connected to the various points thereof
and supplied from a common generator or generators, of a supplemental or auxiliary
electro-motive force generator or generators in the circuit of feeder wire or wires,
and operating normally or at full load with an electro-motive force counter or
assisting and adjusted with respect to the relative drop in the feed wires or
conductors to produce at full load a resultant drop necessary for the pressure
or potential derived at the point of connection to the consumption circuit or
circuits.
2. The combination in a system of electric distribution, of a consumption circuit
or circuits, a main generator or generators, feed wires or conductors connected to the
parts of the system at different distances from the main generator or to parts having
normally different loads, and a supplemental electro-dynamic machine or machines
having armatures in a feeder wire circuit or circuits and normally adjusted and
applied in the manner described to oppose or assist the electro-motive force of the
main machine, as and for the purpose described.
3. The combination in a system of electric distribution, of the consumption
circuit or circuits, feed wires or conductors leading to different parts thereof from
a common source, and a supplemental or auxiliary electro-motive force generator
or generators included in said feeder wires, and having a normal action at full
load adjusted with respect to the relative drop in said feeders, as and for the
purpose described.
4. In a system of electric distribution, the combination with the consumption
circuit or circuits, of feeder wires having a greater normal drop or loss for the
portions of the system more remote from the source of supply or having a normally
less load, and a less drop for the portions nearer to the source of supply or having
a greater load, and a supplemental source of electro-motive force in the circuit of
a feeder wire, and adjusted in the manner described with respect to the differences
in the loss on the feeders so as to produce on the consumption circuits the required
normal relation of potential at the points of connection with the feeder circuits.
5. The combination in a system of electric distribution, of a consumption circuit
or circuits, feeder wires having a greater normal resistance drop or loss for the
portions of the system more remote from the source of supply, and a less drop
for the portions nearer to the source, and a supplemental assisting electro-motive
force generator in the feeder wire connected to the more distant portion of the
system, as and for the purpose described.
6. The combination in a system of electric distribution, of a consumption circuit
or circuits, feeder wires connecting the same with a source of energy, and an
electro-dynamic machine or machines having armatures operating either as motors
or generators, and included individually in the circuits of separate feeder wires, as
and for the purpose described.
7. The combination in a system of electric distribution, of a consumption circuit
or circuits, feeder wires connecting the same with a suitable source of supply, and
an electro-dynamic armature operated as an electric motor armature in the circuit
of a feeder wire and furnishing driving power to assist in operating a generator
armature or armatures supplying electric energy tending to raise the potential of
the system.
8. The combination, substantially as described, in a constant potential system of
electric distribution, of a consumption circuit or circuits, feeder wires or conductors
connected to different parts of the same, a generator or generators common to said
feeder wires and adapted to maintain the required difference of potential at the
common terminals of the feeder wires, and electro-dynamic armatures included
individually in feeder wires of the system and each provided with means for

page_text: automatically adjusting its power according to the variations of load on its own
feeder wire.
9. The combination in a system of electric distribution, of the consumption
circuits, the feeder wires connecting the same with a common source of energy, and
electro-dynamic armatures placed individually in the feeder wires and operating
either as motor or generator armatures, each of said machines being provided with
means for automatically adjusting its field in accordance with changes of load of its
own feeder.
10. The combination in a system of electric distribution, of the consumption
circuit or circuits, feeder wires or conductors connecting the same with a suitable
source of energy, a supplementing electro-motive force generator placed in a feeder
wire and normally adjusted with respect to the relation of drop between itself and
another feeder due to a resistance, and means for automatically changing its electro-
motive force capacity according to the variations of load at a part of the
consumption circuit or circuits.
11. The combination in a system of electric distribution, of the consumption
circuit or circuits, feed wires or conductors connecting the same with a common
source of energy, electro dynamic armatures connected into said feeder circuits and
part operating as motors and part as generators, said motor armatures furnishing
driving power to assist in operating the generator armatures.
12. The combination substantially as described, in a system of electric distribu-
tion, of the consumption circuit or circuits, the feeding wires or conductors
connected with a common source of energy, electro-dynamic machines having their
armatures included in the feeder wires or circuits, and adjusted as described to
supply an electro-motive force assisting or opposing the main electro-motive force
and in accordance with the drop required in the feeder wires, said armatures
and the main generator being interconnected as described so that the energy
absorbed in the armatures opposing the main electro-motive force and converted
into motive power therein will tend to drive the supplemental generator armatures,
as and for the purpose described.
13. In a system of electric distribution, the combination substantially as
described, of the feeder wires or conductors connected to constant potential circuits,
a source or sources of energy common to said feeders, and from which they branch
separately, and supplemental electro-motive force generators in said feeder branches,
and each provided with means for automatically adjusting its potential in
accordance with changes of load on its own feeder independently of the changes
on other feeders.
14. The combination in a system of electric distribution, of an electro-dynamic
armature operating as a supplemental electro-motive force generator and placed in
a feeder wire between the main generator and the consumption circuit, a field
magnet therefor having a main circuit coil in the feeder wire, an independent field
magnet coil, and a controlling magnet or magnets for adjusting the effect of said
independent coil, said magnet or magnets being in a pressure wire connected to the
consumption circuit at or near the point where the feeder wire is attached.
Dated this 10th day of February 1893.
ALLISON BROS.,
Agents for the Applicant.