Improvements in or relating to the Stopping and Starting of Engines or Machines.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Apr., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 21st May, 1896-Accepted, 22nd Aug., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Stopping and Starting of
Engines or Machines.
THOMAS WHITE REID MCCALLUM 23 Keogh Road Stratford London E.
Foreman Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The nature of my invention is to shew the engine driver at what point to stop
his engine or machine, and can be easily read or seen from an index on his
footplate, or such convenient part. It consists of an arrangement attached to the
crosshead, valve spindle, crank shaft, or any other movable part, and the motion is
controlled by cord, chain, or rods, etc. The motion to be registered on an index or
other part in full view of engine driver. These motions are all made automatic,
and only require to be put in gear when the engine is just about stopping, therefore
is always out of gear when the engine is running. Thus you will see that the
engine driver will readily see at what point he can safely stop his engine, as the
index clearly shews the path of the crank and valve. For example, a driver of a
locomotive engine is taking a train from station "A" to "C" having to stop
at station "B," "A"
"B"
"C" when he comes to station "B" he
shuts off his steam, and applies his brake, and when the engine is coming to a
standstill, he puts his index gear in motion. The index will then register the
proper point where he can safely stop his engine (the most favorable position for
starting). Thus when he is required to start to station "C" he simply puts on
steam and starts right away. Now this mode will prevent the often reversing of
engines that takes place, and will certainly save time and material (steam etc.) and
a greater facility of despatch.
The arrangement can be connected with the engine blower, as in locomotives, so
that when the driver puts his blower on, he puts the index gear into motion, and
when he puts the blower off, the index gear goes out of motion; and also by means
of cutting out an opening large enough in splasher or frame of locomotive coupled
engine, so that the wheel can be plainly seen by the driver of engine, the wheel of
course to be marked by paint, or otherwise, and a mark stationed as a guide to
driver, so that he can tell at what point he can safely stop his engine. Thus the
wheel in view would then act as an index, the frame or splasher having a viewing
space cut out, with the wheel acting as an index no other arrangement is
necessary.
THOMAS WHITE REID MCCALLUM.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Stopping and Starting of
Engines or Machines.
THOMAS WHITE REID MCCALLUM 23 Keogh Road Stratford London, E.,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement-
The nature of my invention is to show the engine driver at what point to stop.
о

page_text: his engine or machine, and can be easily read or seen from an index on his foot-
plate, or such convenient part. It consists of an arrangement attached to the
crosshead, valve spindle, crank shaft or any other moveable part, and the motion
is controlled by cord, chain or rods etc. The motion to be registered on index
or other part in full view of engine driver, these motions are all made automatic
and only require to be put in gear when the engine is just about stopping,
therefore always out of gear when the engine is running. Thus you will see that
the engine driver will readily see at what point he can safely stop his engine as
the index clearly shows the path of the crank and valve. For example a driver
of a locomotive engine is taking a train from stations "A" to "C" having to stop
at station "B" "A" "B" "C"when he comes to station "B" he
shuts off his steam and applies his brake, and when the engine is coming to a
stand-still, he puts his index gear into motion, the index will then register the
proper point where he can safely stop his engine (the most favourable position for
starting). Thus when he is required to start to station "C" he simply puts on
steam and starts right away. Now this mode will prevent the often reversing of
enginies that takes place and will certainly save time and material (steam etc.) and
a greater facility of despatch.
The arrangement can be connected with the engine blower as in locomotives so
that when the driver puts his blower on he puts the index gear into motion, and
when he puts the blower off the index gear goes out of motion. And also by
means of cutting out an opening large enough in splasher or frame of locomotive
coupled engine so that the wheel can be plainly seen by the driver of the engine.
The wheel of course to be marked by paint or otherwise, and a mark stationed as
a guide to driver, so as he can tell at what point he can safely stop his engine.,
Thus the wheel in view would then act as index, the frame or splasher having a
viewing space cut-out. Thus with the wheel acting as a index uo other arrange-
ment is necessary.
DESCRIPTION OF SHEET No. 1
Shows for example a coupled locomotive engine where trailing wheel (coupled)
can be seen by the engine driver, the wheel rim is marked as shown by S S. either
by paint or otherwise. There are also two spaces V. S. cut-out of splasher or
frame, one for foreward gear and the other for backward gear and a mark
stationed as shown by arrows when the wheel revolves the spaces marked S S.
comes into position with the arrows, it would then be safe to stop the engine, as
the engine would then be in a favourable position for starting in the same direction.
These spaces marked S. S. can be marked to suit each engine, thus showing that
the position for stopping can easily be seen by the driver.
V.S. Viewing spaces.
C. Cab side. S. Splasher or side of locomotive.
S. S. Stopping spaces. W. Rim of coupled wheel. R. Rail.
DESCRIPTION OF SHEET No. 2.
This shows an index I. P. of convenient size placed conveniently for the driver.
The pointer P. fixed to sliding rod R gives the exact travel of the engine (I. P. can
be made full, half or quarter stroke to suit) and as the pointer is passing the spaces
marked SS in the direction of the arrows, the engine is then at favourable points
for stopping.
1. P. Index. R. Sliding.rod connected with engine. P. Pointer fixed to R.
Pr. Pusher to put IP into gear. This can be connected to blower cock as in
locomotive, or an independent lever to controll P. Fig. 1 shows front view of 1. P.
Fig. 2 shows side view of I. P. Fig. 3 shows the pusher. C. Catch to take I. P.
out of gear. S. Spring to controll C. . Small stud for to allow point of P to
put Pinto gear. R. Sliding rod. Note with IP connected with valve spindle
with cord arrangement or otherwise the 'I. P. spaces would be somewhat differently"
marked for position etc. Note a small stud to check the outward travel of the
pusher.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF SHEET No. 3.
This shows how connection is made for example with crosshead or gudgeon pin
of engine. Fig. 1 is a small croshead on slide bar S. B. to suit, it will then be
seen that Fig. I could easily be pushed on to pin P (connected with crosshead or
gudgeon pin of engine) and kept in its position sufficiently to work 1. P. by the
coutroll of the springs at A. A. and in like manner be easily taken out of gear.
Fig. 1. Small crosshead. Fig. 2. Plan of Fig. 1. Fig. 3. Section of Fig. 1
at A A. Fig. 4. shows pin (that is fixed to engine) P.
MODE OF MARKING OFF STOPPING SPACES.
The mode of marking off the safe stopping spaces on index or wheel, for the use
of engine driver. We shall again take for example a coupled locomotive engine
with 24" stroke the index, baving been fitted at a convenient place for driver and
connected to crosshead or gudgeon pin of engine in working order, or as in the
case of wheel you having cut-out your viewing space in frame or splasher and
fixed your mark as shown by arrow in the sketch, we then put the engine in full
foreward gear (right engine leading) so when the R piston commences its inward
stroke and travels " the stopping space can then be marked as left engine is in a
favourable position. The piston traveis about "when S S ends, the left valve
now being closed you can see that the total length of 1st stopping space in full
sized index would be equal to " of course larger on wheel rim as the wheel rim
moves a greater distance, the piston continues its inward travel untill it reaches
13" when the SS can again be marked as both valves are open and remain open
untill the piston travels about 17" when S S would end, the right valve now
being closed the piston now continues its inward stroke untill finished, when on its
return or outward stroke it would again travel " then SS would again commence
and continue for about 2" when left valve would again close the piston would
continue its outward stroke for about 15" when both valves would again be open;
and S S continue to be seen untill the right valve closes, which would be about 173".
Thus you will see that there would be four safe stopping spaces in an outward and
inward stroke of the engine, and four stopping spaces on a wheel which would
equal one revolution. The same can be done when the engine is put in full
backward gear. Now it will be quite clear that stopping the engine at any one of
these stopping spaces, the steam would have full play on both engines, and ensure a
certain start. Thus the index or wheel rim can be made to show any position of
the engine that is required to be known-single or any kind of engine can also be
adapted aud marked in a similiar manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is;
1st. Improvements in or relating to the stopping and starting of engines or
machines by means of an index or marked wheel as described.
2nd. The index to be fixed at a suitable place on the engine or machine, and to
be controlled by means of rods etc. connected to a crosshead on slide bar, the same
to be attached to crosshead or any other moveable part of engine or machine when
required.
3rd. The combination of parts forming the above, as shown on the accompaning
drawings.
T. W. R. MCCALLUM.