IMPROVE- MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING NARROW FABRICS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Mason Pearson, of Little Horton, Bradford, in
the County of York, Overlooker, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING NARROW FABRICS.”
Sealed the 13th February 1874, and dated the 18th August 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Mason Pearson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 18th August 1873.
I, MASON PEARSON, of Little Horton, Bradford, in the County of
York, Overlooker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING NARROW FABRICS," to be as
follows:-
The improvements have reference to looms in which several breadths
of narrow fabrics are simultaneously woven, and in which the races or .
guides for the shuttles are stationary in place of their being moveable
with the reed, and the object of the Invention is to afford increased
freedom for the operations of the attendant. For this purpose in place
of the respective guides or part races for the shuttles being connected

page_text: together by forming part of or being connected immediately to a
common bar, each guide or part race is separately supported by plates
or projections inwards from the front or "breast" of the loom so as to
leave a clear space between each part race or shuttle guide for the
respective breadths of fabric, and the rack or racks for driving the t
shuttles in place of being supported by the race beam is supported at the
front of the loom near the breast rollers, where such rack or racks
act on pinions connected by spindles with the pinions carried by the
separate shuttle guides for the respective breadths of fabrics. Moveable
covers are applied to cover the rack or racks and the pinions acted 1
upon thereby. The different breadths of fabric at the "breast," pass
over glass, or they may be earthenware rollers down to the winding-
on reels.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Mason Pearson in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 18th February 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MASON
PEARSON, of Littlo Horton, Bradford, in the County of York, Overlooker,
send greeting.
year
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of August, in the
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in
the thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Mason Pearson,
Her special license that I, the said Mason Pearson, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Mason
Pearson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING NARROW FABRICS," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said Mason Pearson, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain

page_text: the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Mason Pearson, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :—
The improvements have reference to looms in which several breadths
of narrow fabrics are simultaneously woven, and in which the races or
guides for the shuttles are stationary in place of their being moveable
with the reed, and the object of the Invention is to afford increased
freedom for the operations of the attendant. For this purpose in place
of the respective guides or part races for the shuttles being connected
together by forming part of or being connected immediately to a
common bar, each guide or part race is separately supported by plates
or projections inwards from the front or "breast" of the looms, so as to
leave a clear space between each part race or shuttle guide for the
respective breadths of fabric, and the rack or racks for drawing the
shuttles in place of being supported by the race beam is supported at the
front of the loom near the breast rollers, where such rack or racks
act on pinions connected by spindles with the pinions carried by the
separate shuttle guides for the respective breadths of fabrics. Moveable
covers are applied to cover the rack or racks and the pinions acted
upon thereby. The different breadths of fabric at the "breast" pass
over glass or they may be earthenware rollers down to the winding-on
reels.
But that the Invention may be better understood I will by the aid of
the accompanying Drawing proceed to describe means pursued by me in
oning the anme into offert

page_text: -
of the parts. In each of these views the same letters indicate cor-
responding parts wherever they occur.
a is what may still be called the breast beam of the loom, though its
form is considerably modified as I will presently describe; b, b, b, are
guides or part races for the support and guidance of the shuttles, and
it will be seen that each of these guides or part races is separately
supported by a plate c between the respective breadths of fabric in the
course of manufacture, and which breadths of fabric and the warp used
in the production of the same are indicated by the red line 2; these
plates c are all affixed at their front ends to the front or breast beam a
of the loom, so as to leave a clear space between them and the rc-
spective races or shuttle guides 6 carried by them for the respective
breadths of fabric being produced as well as for the movement of the
separate reeds k used in beating up the work, cach of these part races
or shuttle guides 6 is formed in two parts 61, 62, which are connected
and held together by a plate 6³ with the surfaces next the space between
them adapted to the form of the part y¹ of the shuttles y to pass
between them as is well understood in ribbon looms; e; e, are pinions,
the teeth of which are in position to take into the teeth formed on the
shuttle, so as by their rotation to give motion to a shuttle brought in
contact with them, but in place of these pinions being operated directly
by the teeth of a rack at once taking into their teeth as is usual, they
are each affixed upon one end of a separate shaft or axis e¹ near the
opposite end of each of which is applied another pinion e³, whilst the
opposite ends of the axes e¹ are supported to revolve in bearings e*, e³,
and the teeth of the pinions e³ are taken into and operated by the
teeth of the rack f, which is supported so as to be capable of traversing
to and fro endwise in a groove formed for it in the breast beam h; and
in such traverse of giving alternate rotary motion to the pinions e³ and
through them by the axes e¹ to the pinions e.
The desired to-and-fro motion is given to the rack f by crank or
tappet, or such like means as is well understood, the top and front
boards g and h serve to form a cover to the rack f and pinions e³, and
they are hinged together at g', whilst the front board h is hinged to the
breast beam at h³, so that they may be readily turned back for adjust-
ment of the parts beneath, if desired, and then replaced; i are the guide
rollers formed of glass or earthenware for conducting the work produced

page_text: down through channels a², and the work is then passed under and over
friction bars j,j,j, in its passage to the winding-on roller.
The reeds & are supported separately from a common bar ¹ which ‍is
operated for the beat-up by being affixed to arms k³ from the axes¨z,
which may be operated as described in the Specification of Letters
Patent granted to John Oats Greenwood, Daniel Mills, and myself,
bearing date the Twenty-third of September, One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-one, Numbered 2514, or by other suitable means.
Having thus described my Invention, and means which I adopt in
carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that I do not
confine myself to the precise arrangements of parts as shewn and de-
scribed as the same may be varied without departing from the peculiar
character of my Invention, but what I do claim is, the arranging and
combining parts of looms for weaving narrow fabrics, in which the
races or guides for the shuttles are stationary, in order that such races
or guides may be separately supported so as to project inwards from the
front or breast beam of the loom, and thereby afford increased freedom
for the operations of the attendant, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Mason Pearson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.