An Improvement in Safes and other Fireproof Receptacles.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION,
An Improvement in Safes and other Fireproof Receptacles.
I, STEFAN NIEWIAROWSKI, of No. 8, Danilowiczowke, Warsaw, Poland, Russia,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
-
This invention relates to an improved construction of safes, and other fire-
proof receptacles whereby, in the case of these being subjected externally to heat,
a perfect closure of all joints of the safe through which heat might penetrate
into the interior is effected while at the same time the inner surface of the safe
or receptacle cannot become heated to any high degree either by conduction or radi-
ation, so that the safe can be lined internally with wood. The invention is based
on the known property of an isolating fireproof mass composed mainly of water-
glass, spirit varnish, and a binding cement (made of baryta. alumina. graphite
&c.) of expanding under heat and consequently completely filling out the spaces
between the inner and outer walls of the receptacle, as also the ioints or inter-
stices thereof and of the doors. The invention consists in the application, on the
inner side of the outer wall of the safe, or at other points between the inner and
outer walls, of bars arranged in the form of a grating, the interstices of which
are left unfilled by the said fireproof filling mass, (which is applied in the form of
hard slabs or blocks) so long as the safe is not subjected to excessive external
heating.
At the joints of the doors &c. the filling mass is covered in by simple thin wood
sheathing.
When the safe is subjected externally to fire heat, the filling mass expands, and
fills out the free spaces between the grating bars, and as the wooden bars of the
grating and the sheathing burn away the spaces and open joints left, thereby also
become filled with the expanding mass. The inner lining of the safe is thus
entirely surrounded by a hermetic enclosure of a material that is a bad conductor
of heat, and the lining and contents of the safe are consequently effectually
protected.
The accompanying drawing shews by way of example a part sectional plan of
a safe or other fireproof receptacle constructed according to my invention.
Against the inner surfaces of the outer walls of the safe are placed frames b
formed of wood gratings and between these gratings and the inner walls or wood
lining e (which may have an outer sheet metal covering d) is placed the fireproof
material e which is a bad conductor of heat, the interstices between the wooden
bars of the grating being left free.
The fireproof mass is in the form of hard slabs, which on being fitted in, have
their joints made good by some of the mass in a fused state.
Or the mass can be introduced in the form of layers in a plastic condition con-
fined between sheets of pasteboard, and be united together by pressing.
The door or doors of the safe are constructed in a similar manner, and at the
joints the fireproof mass is covered by thin wood sheathing f.
When the fireproof material is heated by conduction through the outer walls
D
011

page_text: of the safe, it expands and fills out the spaces of the wood gratings, and when
these have burnt away as also the sheathing f at the joints, the mass also expands
into and completely fills out the spaces left by these, so that the inner wall or
wooden lining of the safe is effectually enclosed on all sides by the fireproof
material.
11: 30/1 1
1000
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant,
An Improvement in Safes and other Fireproof Receptacles.
I, STEFAN NIEWIAROWSKI, of No. 8, Danilowiczowke, Warsaw, Poland, Russia,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement:-
This invention relates to an improved construction of safes, and other fire-
proof receptacles whereby, in the case of these being subjected externally to heat,
a perfect closure of all joints of the safe through which heat might penetrate
into the interior is effected while at the same time the inner surface of the safe
or receptacle cannot become heated to any high degree either by conduction or radi-
ation, so that the safe can be lined internally with wood. The invention is based
on the known property of an isolating fireproof mass composed mainly of water-
glass, spirit varnish, and a binding cement (made of baryta, alumina, graphite
&c) of expanding under heat and consequently completely filling out the spaces
between the inner and outer walls of the receptacle, as also the joints or inter-
stices thereof and of the doors. The invention consists in the application, on the
inner side of the outer wall of the safe, or at other points between the inner and
outer walls, of bars arranged in the form of a grating, the interstices of which
are left unfilled by the said fireproof filling mass, (which is applied in the form of
hard slabs or blocks) so long as the safe is not subjected to excessive external
heating.
At the joints of the doors &c. the filling mass is covered in by simple thin wood
sheathing.
When the safe is subjected externally to fire heat, the filling mass expands, and
fills out the free spaces between the grating bars, and as the wooden bars of the
grating and the sheathing burn away the spaces and open joints left, thereby also
become filled with the expanding mass. The inner lining of the safe is thus
entirely surrounded by a hermetic enclosure of a material that is a bad conductor
of heat, and the lining and contents of the safe are consequently effectually
protected.
The drawing accompanying my Provisional Specification shews by way of
example a part sectional plan of a safe or other fireproof receptacle constructed
according to my invention.
Against the inner surfaces of the outer walls of the safe are placed frames b
formed of wood gratings and between these gratings and the inner walls or wood
lining (which may have an outer sheet metal covering d) is placed the fireproof
material which is a bad conductor of heat, the interstices between the wooden
hars of the grating being left free.
The fireproof mass is in the form of hard slabs, which on being fitted in, have
their joints made good by some of the mass in a fused state.

page_text: Or the mass can be introduced in the form of lavers in a plastic condition con-
fined between sheets of pasteboard, and be united together by pressing.
The door or doors of the safe are constructed in a similar manner, and at the
joints the fireproof mass is covered by thin wood sheathing f.
When the fireproof material is heated by conduction through the outer walls
of the safe, it expands and fills out the spaces of the wood gratings, and when
these have burnt away as also the sheathing f at the joints, the mass also expands
into and completely fills out the spaces left by these, so that the inner wall or
wooden lining of the safe is effectually enclosed on all sides by the fireproof
material.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
In safes and other fireproof receptacles, the combination with a fireproof filling
that expands on becoming heated of wooden grate bars such as b, situated next
the fireproof filling within the metal casing and of a wood sheathing covering the
said filling at the door joints, so that on the filling being subjected to heat, it
will in expanding fill out the spaces between the grate bars and also those left
by the wood sheathing at the door joints after burning away, whereby the
expanding filling will he made to effectually enclose the inner walls of the safe at
all joints, substantially as described.
Dated this 14th day of February 1900.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.