A PNEUMATIC-PRESSURE HYDRO-CARBON-OIL BURNING APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND ILLUMINATING PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Summerfield Hull, of Baltimore, in the State of
Maryland, United States of America, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "A
PNEUMATIC-PRESSURE HYDRO-CARBON-OIL BURNING APPARATUS FOR HEATING
AND ILLUMINATING PURPOSES."
Sealed the 9th May 1879, and dated the 4th March 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Summerfield Hull at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th March 1879.
JOHN SUMMERFIELD HULL, of Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, United
States of America, Manufacturer. "A PNEUMATIC-PRESSURE HYDRO-CARBON-OIL
BURNING APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND ILLUMINATING PURPOSES."
The chief features of the said Invention are, first, the employment of pneumatic
pressure upon the surface of the hydro-carbon oil in an air-tight containing vessel
to force the oil to the burner or burners at any desired height, and to increase the
power of the flame of the burner; and, secondly, the employment of burners which
by their own heat vaporize the oil and cause the vapor to issue therefrom with a
force that depends upon the pneumatic pressure and the amount of oil that is
allowed to enter the burner to be vaporized.
To produce the pneumatic pressure I pump into the oil reservoir preferably atmo-
spheric air, but may use any convenient equivalent aëriform fluid. I generally use
large since it is not exhausted from the reservoir in the progress of the burning,
a small condensing air-pump for the purpose, the amount of air required not being
and
oils which I usually employ are the light oils, such as are generally known in the
market as gasoline and naphtha. I also employ alcohol. For the burners I employ
a different construction when the purpose is to generate heat from the construction
when the purpose is to produce light, but in both the oil is first caused to pass
through sinuous passages of considerable length in the metal of the burner to
Vaporize the same by the heat of the metal. For generating heat I then allow the
vapor to issue in one jet, generally from a single opening, and this jet issues with
force, forming a blowing flame of great heating power; but for illuminating
[Price 11

page_text: purposes the vaporized oil first passos into a chamber,
es in several
jets, each with only sufficient force or pressure to form a steady flame. The supply
supply is sufficient for proper combustion with a white flame. For the various
of oxygen to the flame differs also according to the purpose. For illumination the
intensely
hot flame. The issue of the vapor from the vaporizing chamber or passages is
heating purposes the supply of oxygen is free and regulated to produce an
regulated by a sharply conical or needle-point valve, working in a seat of like
conical form. The packing of the joints is preferably effected by means of asbestos
near the burner where the heat is great, and in other places by cork. For the
valves I employ an improved preparation of cork, it being first compressed to about
chambers. These valves and joints withstand the action of the hydro carbon oils
one-half or one-third its original bulk, and then held compressed in suitable packing
perfectly.
In the application of the principles of my Invention I employ various forms and
constructions of apparatus according to the different purposes or uses for which the
Invention is employed. For portable articles, such as lamps, the oil reservoir and
compressed air reservoir form one chamber, and the air condensing pump may be
separate, only attachable when pumping in the air, but other portable apparatus
may have the air pump attached permanently thereto, and I generally prefer this
construction for convenience, since the pump is not heavy and occupies but little
space.
For supplying buildings and large establishments with the apparatus, employing
many burners for lighting and various heating purposes, I prefer to arrange the
essential parts of the apparatus in a somewhat different manner. The oil I generally
place in quantity in a large tank outside of the building, it being best to locate it
under ground. This vessel being air-tight has the compressed air admitted into it
over the oil, but I generally have a separate compressed air reservoir for a large
supply located in the building itself, it being provided with an air-pump, and a
suitable pipe conducts the air to the oil-reservoir, the passage being controlled by
a proper cut-off valve. From the oil-tank a system of pipes conducts the oil under
pressure to all the rooms in positions where the burners are to be located. At each
story above I also prefer to arrange a smaller tank or oil-reservoir, communicating
with and supplied from the main reservoir below through a pipe, and also with the
air-reservoir, or an auxiliary air reservoir, from which it receives its pressure. Also
in order to provide for the contingency of any leakage or breakage below requiring
repair, and of the oil being exhausted there, I generally locate a small oil-tank
somewhat above the floor of the upper story of the building, supplying oil to the
burners by hydrostatic pressure.
This arrangement of the apparatus in buildings is not only useful for general
lighting and heating purposes, as, for instance, to be connected with a steam-
generating heater, but is especially valuable for certain manufacturing purposes,
particularly where there is much soldering or brazing done. Thus I employ it with
great success in establishments for making fruit and other preserving cans, paint
and spice cans, and other cans made by tin-ware manufacturers; also for putting
up and sealing fruit and other canned goods.
I also make portable self-heating soldering irons, having an oil-reservoir per-
manently connected therewith to hold oil under pneumatic pressure, the reservoir
generally forming the handle of the instrument, and the air being condensed therein
by a pump permanently attached thereto, or detachable, as preferred. The instru-
ment also has a heating burner to heat the soldering iron, which is arranged either
for straight-seam or circular-seam soldering.
cans.
I also apply the compressed-air oil-reservoir and heating burner in combination
with a soldering iron and cam-revolving apparatus for capping preserved o
In like manner I apply the compressed air oil-reservoir and heating burner to
smoothing irons, and thus render them self-heating; the air or oil-reservoir, or
One of the principal uses of the apparatus is for cooking purposes and kindred
both united, conveniently forming the handle of the instrument.

page_text: uses in a kitchen or laundry, or the two together. In this apparatus when complete
(though I may dispense with any parts of the apparatus not wanted by the person
using the same), I employ a compressed-air reservoir, provided with a suitable
condensing pump, a separate oil-reservoir, a separate water-reservoir, also receiving
the air pressure therein to force the water to the places required; a separate hydro-
carbon oil vaporizing or gasifying reservoir, preferably supplied with a steam coil, for
heating and vaporizing the oil, and a gasometer or separate gas-holding reservoir;
one or more improved self-vaporizing heating burners, burning either oil or gas,
with or without a steam jet, in a suitable holder or stand for heating and cooking
articles direct; and in connection therewith ovens, boilers, and steam generators,
all these parts being connected by pipes to convey the oil, gas, water, or steam, as
the case may be, and all provided with suitable cut-off valves.
Also besides portable lamps and stationary self-vaporizing burners for lighting in
buildings I apply the principles of the Invention to fixed lamps for light-houses and
out-door uses. For this purpose I form an oil-reservoir and compressed air reservoir,
either as one or separate, in the base of the lamp-post itself, it having either a
permanently attached or detachable air-condensing pump. The oil is raised from
the reservoir through a pipe or tube in the post to the burner, which is constructed
on the same principle as the other illuminating burners, and is also preferably
provided with an air-admitting regulator for commingling atmospheric air in regu-
lated quantities with vaporized oil in the burner before the vapor issues at the
burning jets.
Other uses of the apparatus for special purposes will be obvious to one made
acquainted with the said Invention, but the practical uses above specified comprise
those to which the Invention is most generally applicable

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Summerfield Hull in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 3rd
September 1879.
JOHN SUMMERFIELD HULL, of Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, United States
"A PNEUMATIC-PRESSURE HYDROCARBON-OIL BURNING
of America, Manufacturer.
APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND ILLUMINATING PURPOSES."
The leading principles of my Invention are, first, the employment of pneumatic
to force the oil to the burner or burners at any desired height, and to increase the
pressure upon the surface of the hydro-carbon oil in an air-tight containing vessel
power of the flame of the burner; and, second, the employment of burners which
by their own heat vaporize the oil and cause the vapor to issue therefrom with a
force that depends upon the pneumatic pressure and the amount of oil that is
allowed to enter the burner to be vaporized. To produce the pneumatic pressure I
pump into the oil reservoir preferably atmospheric air, but may use any convenient
equivalent aeriform fluid. I generally use a small condensing air-pump for the
purpose, the amount of air required not being large since it is not exhausted from
the reservoir in the progress of the burning, and generally not a very great degree
of pressure is required. The hydrocarbon oils which I generally employ are the
light oils, such as are generally known in the market as gasoline and naphtha. I
also employ alcohol. For the burners I employ a different construction when the
purpose is to generate heat from the construction when the purpose is to produce
light; but in both the oil is first caused to pass through sinuous passages of
considerable length in the metal of the burner to vaporize the same by the heat of
the metal. For generating heat I then allow the vapor to issue in one jet, generally
from a single opening, and this jet issues with force, forming a blowing flame of
great heating power; but for illuminating purposes the vaporized oil first passes
into a chamber, whence it issues in several jets, each with only sufficient force or
pressure to form a steady flame. The supply of oxygen to the flame differs also
according to the purpose. For illumination the supply is sufficient for proper
combustion with a white flame. For the various heating purposes the supply of
oxygen is free and regulated to produce an intensely hot flame. The issue of the
vapour from the vaporizing chamber or passages is regulated by a sharply conical
or needle-point valve working in a seat of like conical form. The packing of the
joints is preferably by means of asbestos near the burner where the heat is great,
and in other places by cork. For the valves I employ an improved preparation
cork, it being first compressed to about one-half or cne-third its original bulk, and
then held compressed in suitable packing chambers. These valves and joints with-
stand the action of the hydrocarbon oils perfectly.
of
constructions of apparatus, according to the different purposes or uses for which the
In the application of the principles of my Invention I employ various forms and
Invention is employed. For portable articles, such as lamps, the oil reservoir and
compressed air reservoir form one chamber, and the air-condensing pump may
separate, only attachable when pumping-in the air; but other portable apparatus
may have the air-pump attached permanently thereto; and I generally prefer this
little space. For supplying buildings and large establishments with the apparatus,
construction for convenience since the pump weighs but little and occupies but
employing many burners for lighting and various heating purposes I prefer to
arrange the essential parts of the apparatus in a somewhat different manner.
oil I generally place in quantity in a large tank outside of the building, it being
best to locate it under ground. This vessel being air tight has the compressed air 5
admitted into it over the oil; but I generally have a separate compressed air
controlled by a proper cut-off valve. From the oil tank a system of pipes conducts
air-pump, and a suitable pipe conducts the air to the oil-reservoir, the passage being
reservoir for a large supply located in the building itself, it being provided with an

page_text: the oil under pressure to all the rooms in positions where the burners are to be
located. At each story above I also prefer to arrange a smaller tank or oil reservoir
communicating with and supplied from the main reservoir below through a pipe
and also with the air-reservoir, or an auxiliary air-reservoir from which it receives
5 its pressure. Also in order to provide for the contingency of any leakage or
breakage below requiring repair and of the oil giving out there I generally locate a
small oil-tank somewhat above the floor of the upper story of the building
supplying oil to the burners by hydrostatic pressure. This arrangement of the
apparatus in buildings is not only useful for general lighting and heating purposes,
as, for instance, to be connected with a steam-generating heater, but is especially
valuable for certain manufacturing purposes, particularly where there is much
soldering or brazing done. Thus I employ it with great success in establishments
for making fruit and other preserving cans, paint and spice cans, and other cans
made by tin-ware manufacturers; also, for putting-up and sealing fruit and other
5 canned goods. I also make portable self-heating soldering irons having an oil-
reservoir permanently connected therewith to hold oil under pneumatic pressure,
the reservoir generally forming the handle of the instrument, and the air being
condensed therein by a pump permanently attached thereto or detachable, as
preferred. The instrument also has a heating burner to heat the soldering iron,
which is arranged either for straight-seam or circular-seam soldering. I also apply
the compressed-air oil-reservoir and heating burner in combination with a soldering
iron and cam-revolving apparatus for capping preserve cans. In like manner I
apply the compressed-air oil reservoir and heating burner to smoothing irons, and
thus render them self-heating, the air or oil reservoir, or both united, conveniently
forming the handle of the instrument. One of the principal uses of the apparatus
is for cooking purposes and kindred uses in a kitchen or laundry, or the two
together. In this apparatus, when complete (though I may dispense with any
parts of the apparatus not wanted by the person using), I employ a compressed-air
reservoir provided with a suitable condensing pump, a separate oil-reservoir, a
separate water-reservoir, also receiving the air pressure therein to force the water
to the places required; a separate hydro-carbon oil vaporizing or gasifying
reservoir, preferably supplied with a steam coil for heating and vaporizing the oil
and a gasometer or separate gas-holding reservoir, one or more improved self-
vaporizing heating burners burning either oil or gas, with or without a steam jet,
in a suitable holder or stand, for heating and cooking articles direct, and in
connection therewith ovens, boilers, and steam generators, all these parts being
connected by pipes to convey the oil, gas, water, or steam, as the case may be, and
all provided with suitable cut-off valves. Also, besides portable lamps and
stationary self-vaporizing burners for lighting in buildings I apply the principles of
For this purpose
I
the Invention to fixed lamps for lighthouses and outdoor uses.
form an oil-reservoir and compressed air-reservoir, either as one or separate, in the
base of the lamp-post itself, it having either a permanently attached or detachable
air-condensing pump. The oil is raised from the reservoir through a pipe or tube
in the post to the burner, which is constructed on the same principle as the other
illuminating burners, and is also preferably provided with an air-admitting regulator
for commingling atmospheric air in regulated quantities with the vaporized oil in
the burner before the vapor issues at the burning jets. Other uses of the apparatus
for special purposes will be obvious to one made acquainted with my Invention;
but the practical uses above specified comprise those to which the Invention is
most generally applicable, and sufficiently combine and comprehend the various
purposes of the Invention which I have contemplated.
Fig. 1 of the Drawings represents the interior or vertical section of a building
Drawing A, B, and C indicate the first, second, and third stories of a building
with my apparatus applied thereto for heating and illuminating purposes. In this
provided with my apparatus. Any greater number of stories may be similarly
provided. The tank or reservoir D which receives the supply of the hydrocarbon
oils, and from which they are distributed to all parts of the building, is located

page_text: outside of and safely isolated from the building. A further precaution against
accident by fire is provided by locating in the tank a safety-filling tube a made of
prevent the possibilty of communicating flame to the oil inside of the tank or
finely perforated sheet-metal, reaching from the top to the bottom thereof inside to
forated at the lower end. In combination with the tank or reservoir D I employ
reservoir. A drawing tube b also reaches nearly to the bottom inside, being per-
another reservoir or close vessel E for containing a supply of compressed air for the
oil-tank. This air-tank is preferably placed in the building in a convenient
position. It is provided with a condensing air-pump J, either as a permanent
attachment or separate, as shewn in the Drawing, and communicating with the
air-reservoir by a pipe or tube c. Occasionally this pump is operated to keep up
the requisite pressure in the air-reservoir, and consequently in the oil-tank, which
communicates with the air-reservoir by a pipe or tube d¹, the pressure being
Not a large amount of air is requisite to be supplied, since
indicated by a gauge e.
only enough needs to be added to fill the space emptied by the comsumption of the
oil. Stop valves, f and g, respectively, are employed to prevent the return of the
air from the air-reservoir to the pump, and from the oil tank to the air-reservoir.
From the oil tank D a supply pipe F extends, drawing from the same near the
This supply-pipe may
bottom thereof, and provided with a globe or stop valve n.
first extend to the requisite height to supply all the stories of the building; and
from this pipe branches G, H, I, extend to the several stories. Stop valves i, i, i,
are located in the pipe F at various heights to cut off any of the stories when
desired. In many cases I prefer to have supplementary oil-tanks K, L, on a level
with the several upper stories, preferably situated on plate forms outside of the
building. They may be much smaller than the main tank D, and contain only a
present supply, each for its own story. By means of such supplementary tanks the
great pressure of the oil in the pipes in high buildings is relieved, and the pressure
equalized in the different stories. They also increase the tank capacity or enable
a smaller main tank to be used. They are connected with the main supply-pipe F
by branch pipes, and through the said supply-pipe they are filled from the main
tank by the pressure of the air in the latter. They may be separately connected
with the branch supply-pipes, as between the tank K and pipe H, from which the
main supply-pipe F may be cut off by a stop-valve j. There may also be an
additional air-reservoir M, as shewn, or more if desired, one for each additional oil-
tank. Thus the tank M is supplied with compressed air from the main reservoir E
through a pipe or tube k, and from the reservoir a pipe extends to the tank Ķ
and another pipe m from the same reservoir to the tank L. All these communi-
cations are capable of being closed by stop-valves. Above the upper pneumatic
pressure-tank or the upper-story supply-pipe I also locate a static pressure-tank N,
filled, as are the other supplementary tanks, from the main tank. It serves to
It communicates with the supply-pipes, and is
keep up a supply of oil in the service pipes while filling the other tanks, or in case
of repairs being done to the tanks or air-reservoir. The oil therein may
ordinarily cut off from the pipes by a stop-valve, being thus held as a in the
supply. The uses of this apparatus for heating and lighting are exemplified in the
Drawing, which also shows the method of applying the same for special purposes.
the rooms connected directly with the supply-pipes. A steam-heating apparatus,
a heating-flue o extends to apply the heat from a self-gasifying pressure-burner p
heating coil and pipe q in the flue. The steam-pipe is represented as continuing
upward to a steam-radiator Q in the storey above, and it may continue to as many
radiators as desired. The remaining heating devices represented in the Drawing
are special applications for the various processes of a canning establishment, to
which this apparatus is peculiarly adapted. Thus R, R, represent self-gasifying
heating burners connected with the supply-pines: and S. S. tinners' fire-pots
which may be of moderate size.

page_text: preserve-cans.
combined therewith, for heating soldering-irons, for seaming, floating, and capping
room for in the building, or as may be desired for the purpose; T represents a
similar burner; and V, a double-shifting or revolving fire-pot, to heat soldering
irons for tipping preserve-cans. The two fire-pots composing the device are
mounted on a supporting shaft so located that first one fire-pot can be brought
before the burner and then the other, so that one soldering iron can be in process
of heating while the operator is using the other. Finally, a "processing" chamber
or chest W is employed for "processing" the filled cans. This is supplied with
steam inside, introduced therein through a piper finely perforated, and connected
with the steam-pipe of the steam-heating apparatus. In connection with the pro-
cessing chest W another self-gasifying burner X connected with the supply-pipe is
employed for use in processing.
As many of theso burners and fire-pots may be used as there is
In applying the principles of my Invention to produce a portable self-heating
soldering-iron I generally employ the construction as shewn in Figs. 2, 3, and 4.
Figure 2 is a vertical section through the centre of the air-pump and fluid-reservoir;
Fig. 3, a horizontal section through the centre of the gas-generator and burner and
soldering-iron attached; and Fig. 4, a horizontal section of another form of
generator. A represents the reservoir for holding the burning fluid, any kind of
which may be used, but hydro-carbon is preferred. The reservoir is preferably made
cylindrical and small so as to be conveniently used by the operator as a handle,
though it is obvious that it may be made any shape or size, and a handle attached.
B is a well on the under side of the reservoir of sufficient capacity to feed the
burner for a short time when using the machine in an inverted position, and should
the supply become exhausted it is only necessary to lower the well end when the
well will instantly fill again. C is a conduit for the passage of the fluid from the
bottom of the well to the gas-generator, and is preferably made to pass out of the
end of the reservoir; D is an air-tight stopper which can be easily moved when
it is necessary to introduce fluid into the reservoir. In this stopper is provided an
outlet-passage closed by the conical valve d which can be opened for the escape of
compressed air when the iron is not in use. E is an air pump, and F a cut off, similar
to those heretofore described by me; G represents the coupling by which the heater
is attached to the conduit C, and this may be done in any way which will secure
an air-tight joint. The flow of fluid from the reservoir to the heater is caused by
the pressure of air on the surface of the fluid and is regulated at pleasure by the
conical or needle-pointed-valve H which is provided with a screw to work closely
in a female screw in the end of the heater. From the point of the regulating screw
H in section I of the heater, the rarified gases are emitted and pass through the
passage K which is numerously-pierced with air-holes a, a, and in their passage
become charged with the oxygen necessary to combustion. T is the soldering iron
made of the metals usual in such instruments. It is made hollow at the butt-end
and is provided with a number of holes m or flame-passages leading from the bore
to the periphery; P is an adjustable sleeve, preferably made of iron with a copper
lining on its inner end. It is provided with an opening Q and is held in position
by the set-screw S. The soldering iron may be attached to this sleeve by any
suitable means, but I prefer to make both the sleeve and the butt of the soldering
iron cylindrical, and with male and female screws so that they may be united as
shewn. N is a shield for directing the jets of flame emitted from the holes m.
mode of operation of the device is substantially as follows:-After the fluid in the
reservoir has been subjected to a suitable degree of pneumatic pressure, screw H is
turned so as to allow the escape of fluid at its point where it is lighted and allowed
to burn slowly until the heating parts are sufficiently warmed to generate gas, after
which the screw H is regulated so as to provide for the escape of the prope
quantity of gas to support combustion within the hollow end of the soldering-iro
where it is lighted through Q or u, and by means of which the soldering-iron wil
be very quickly heated and kept hot as long as desired, the flame being kep
burning while the instrument is in use. The intensity of the heat may be regulate
The

page_text: flame at m.
well as by the independent shield N which controls the direction of the jets of
by the flow of gas under control of the screw H, and by moving the sleeve Pas
In Fig. 4 I show a more powerful gas-generator than that shown in
intensely cold weather, it may be desirable to substitute for section I. In this 5
Fig. 3 and which in some exceptional cases, such as doing heavy outdoor work in
heater, Fig. 4, the fluid which is forced through C entering at G passes through the
passages indicated by arrows in the section shown, and finally after having been
converted into gas highly rarified is allowed to escape at the needle point of H. My
heretofore known for the accomplishment of similar purposes. First, in the economy 10
Invention has many obvious advantages over any of the instruments or methods
of fuel, the expense of the fluid being very much less than that of charcoal as now com-
Third, in the saving of time necessary in changing irons, and especially in its con-
monly used. Second, in that one iron takes the place and does the work of several.
venience in doing roof or other elevated work where it is inconvenient or
dangerous
to have the ordinary fire-pot or furnace. Another feature of my Invention consists 15
in its adaptibility to be used as a torch by simply removing the soldering iron and
allowing the flame to escape from the end of the telescopical extension tube K. In
adapting the soldering instrument to the purpose of circular soldering, especially for
capping, floating, and seaming preserve cans and other sheet-metal vessels, I employ
the construction shewn in Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, Fig. 5 being a side view of the 20
instrument as arranged for capping preserve-cans, Fig. 6 a side view of the lower
end thereof, showing the soldering-iron arranged for seaming cans, or for soldering
ordinary seams; Figs. 7 and 8 respectively side and top views of parts, detached
This is also a portable, self-
Figs. 9 and 10 transverse sections of different parts.
heating soldering instrument, the burner of which supplied with the hydrocarbon 2
fluid by pneumatic pressure produces a blow-pipe flame of great heating power to
be constantly thrown upon the soldering-iron or tool, and regulated to produce a
regular heat of the required intensity. A suitable and sufficient reservoir A to
contain the hydrocarbon oil or other combustible fluid is employed, and it is pre-
ferably made long and round as shown, so as to form the body of the instrument 3
of a size and shape suitable to be held in the hands. It has a valve stopper a at
the upper end, which, when removed, offers an opening for the admission of the
combustible fluid. To charge this reservoir with air under pressure for forcing the
fluid to the burner, a suitable air-pump is screwed or otherwise tightly attached to
air-inlet tube b conveniently near the upper end thereof. A screw cap c is a
ordinarily employed to close this tube when the air-forcing pump is not in use, and
is detached from the reservoir. In addition to this cap, which only can be used
when the air-pump is withdrawn, I employ an interior valve d in the tube b opening
inward, and forced outward to its seat by a spring, as shown in the cross section,
Fig. 9. By this valve, not only is each successive charge of air from the pump
secured from return, but the pressure is held at all times very securely. Near the
lower end of the reservoir A, an outlet tube or aperture f is formed in one side
thereof, to which the burner-tube B is secured, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the said
tube being generally parallel with the body or reservoir, and far enough from the
central line or axis thereof, to allow room for the soldering device for capping,
floating, and other circular soldering. For floating and capping cans, the arrange-
ment of the soldering device is substantially as shown in Fig. 5. Upon the lower
end of the reservoir A it is secured by means of a socket g, which fits close around
the same, and is held by a suitable fastening screw h. From the centre of this
socket, and centrally in line with the axis of the reservoir, a centre-guide C extends
as shown, and terminates with a point i, around which the capping-iron D with
the whole instrument is turned as a centre. Just above the centre point i, the
centre-guide is formed into a ring k or suitable form of aperture, as shown most
clearly in Fig. 7, for allowing the flame of the burner to pass to the capping-iron.
This capping-iron is attached by a screw
to one side of the socket g, so as to be
located at one side of the centre guide C, and it is preferably formed as part of a

page_text: distance of this capping-iron from the centre point is adjusted to suit the size of the
cap, or the diameter of the seam to be soldered, by the adjustment of the nuts m, n,
on the screw-shank at the sides of the socket
g. The capping-iron D can be placed
either opposite to the burner B, as shown by full lines in Fig. 5, or next to the
5 burner between it and the centre-guide, as shown by dotted lines in the same
Figure, according to the size of the work to which the instrument is applied. The
burner B has a gas-generator to gasify the combustible fluid forced to it from the
reservoir as above described for a simple soldering instrument, and a suitable
construction for admitting air as through holes p, p, to perfect the combustion of
0 the gases when generated. At the lower end or termination of the burner is a
bent coupling or conducting tuber to direct the flame horizontally; and at the
termination of this tube is a nozzle E through which the flame issues, and is thereby
directed against the capping-iron D, through the aperture or ring k of the centre-
guide or not according to the position of the said capping-iron. This nozzle is
5 adjustable in length or position by means of an extension tube s sliding in the
adjacent tube more or less, as shown most clearly in Fig. 10. For simple seaming,
the capping-iron D and the centre-guide C are removed, and a soldering-iron G of
ordinary form is attached to the lower end of the burner-tube, as shown in Fig. 6.
This arrangement is also used for "tipping" or finally sealing filled preserve
cans.
In Figs. 11, 12, and 13, is shown an apparatus for expeditiously soldering sheet
metal cans with my improved self-heating soldering instrument, Fig. 11 being a
top view of the supporting stand and revolving table employed in the apparatus;
Fig. 12 a side elevation of the apparatus complete; Fig. 13 a view in section of a
part detached. In this device I employ a suitable supporting frame or stand A, on
which a revolving table or bed plate B, substantially as shown, or its equivalent, is
mounted. On this revolving table, with their centres located in a circle concentric
with the axis of the table's revolution, are secured as many can seats C, C, as can
be placed in the circle, substantially as shown. A detent D (shown in Figs. 12 and
13) forced up automatically by a spring a into any one of a series of notches or
holes b, b, in the under side of the revolving table, and disengaged therefrom by a
foot lever F or its equivalent, serves to hold the can-seats successively in the exact
position required for soldering the cans thereon. The table may be turned by
handles c, c, thereon, or by other suitable means by hand, or automatically; I make
no special claim of novelty to the construction of this holding apparatus. The
construction and arrangement of my soldering-iron and its adjuncts as applied to
this apparatus are as follows:-
A suitable horizontal arm d projects forward from a central post or upright f
which extends upward from the stand A, and serves as a pivot for the table B to
turn around. This arm supports a vertical bearing for the shaft g of the soldering
iron E to turn with, if required to turn, instead of the cans below, which however
may turn in its stead. The centre of the shaft is accurately over the centre of each
can, as it is brought, by turning the table B beneath the soldering-iron for capping.
The soldering-iron is preferably made of two opposite segments of a cylinder
concentric with the axis of the iron, and equal in diameter at their lower edges to
that of the circular seam to be soldered. A single segment however may be used.
The shaft of the soldering-iron, in addition to its revolving movement (if thus
arranged), has an up-and-down sliding movement, sufficient to lift the soldering-iron
out of the way of the cans in bringing them beneath, and removing them from
under the same, and successively to bring it down to the cans for soldering them.
It is held up by a coiled spring h or its equivalent, and when it is to be brought
into action, it is pressed down by the hand, or otherwise, and turned to produce
the circular soldered seam, or the can is turned beneath it.
The main feature of my Invention in this apparatus consists in the combination
with a revolving can-holding table or bed-plate B and with a soldering-iron E of
& pneumatic or hydrostatic pressure burner G for keeping the soldering iron con-
stantly and uniformly heated to the required degree for continual soldering. This

page_text: or other com-
burner G is of similar construction in its essential parts to that already described
for soldering-irons, and is similarly supplied with the hydro-carbon
bustible fluid under pressure so as to produce a blow-pipe flame. To produce the
pressure I employ compressed air, as before described, in the reservoir H, though
since this whole apparatus is stationary I may sometimes resort to hydrostatic
pressure to the same end by placing the said reservoir at the proper height above
the burner. The combustible fluid is conducted from the reservoir to the burner
through a pipe i, the flow of oil being controlled and cut off at will by a globe
valve or equivalent cut off valve l, as also in all the apparatus and instruments pre-
to regulate the heat of the burner is controlled by a needle-point valve m or its
viously and hereinafter to be described. The amount of oil admitted to the burner
equivalent, as also in all the burners employed by me.
down a continuous line or strip of solder, so that no time is lost in applying the
In connection with the soldering iron I generally use a tube or guideway to feed
reaches down close to the seam to be soldered, so that the solder will come down
solder, and only just so much is melted as is required for the soldering. The the
thereto near enough to the soldering-iron to be melted thereby. The solder may
be fed down by its own gravity or otherwise. By this apparatus cans are cappel
with great rapidity, much faster than by hand alone.
con-
be
Figs. 14, 15, and 16 represent respectively a side view, a central vertical section,
and a horizontal section looking downward of a self-heating smoothing-iron
structed and operating according to my Invention. This is provided with a close
reservoir for containing a combustible fluid, and the pressure of compressed air for
driving the fluid to the burner with sufficient force to produce a blowing flame,
and with a self gas generating burner for producing the flame from the combustible
fluid. Special features also are the arrangement of the combustible-fluid-reservoir
above the smoothing-iron so as to compact and balance the instrument for con-
venient use, the arrangement of an air-condenser so as to serve the additional
purpose of a handle for the smoothing-iron, and the construction of the smoothing-
iron to diffuse and equalize the heat and protect the hand from being burned
thereby, all substantially as herein specified. The principal parts of the instrument
are the body or smoothing-iron proper A, the reservoir B to contain a hydro-
carbon oil or other combustible fluid from which to produce heat, an air-condensing
chamber C for condensing air in the reservoir, and a gas-generating burner D to
produce a blowing flame, which impinges against the smoothing-iron. The
smoothing-iron A has a removable top a, to which are secured supports b, b, by
which the reservoir B is attached thereto and supported. The reservoir B may
of any convenient shape, the cylindrical form shown being simple, convenient, and
good in all respects. It has a removable stopper d at one end, by the removal of
which access is had to the interior, supplying the reservoir with the combustible
fluid; also a vent-valve f to let off the surplus air if desired at the close of its
use at any time. The condensing chamber is connected fixedly with the reservoir
by two standards g, g, one or both of which is hollow to serve as a means of forcing
the compressed air from the chamber to the reservoir. It either has a condensing-
piston within, or the condensing-piston and barrel may be a separate instrument,
and temporarily attached to it only for forcing the air into it and the reservoir,
and then detached, in which case an attaching-pipe h is employed with a stopper
and check-valve l. This condensing chamber or tube serves the additional purpose
of a handle to hold and operate the instrument by. The burner D is connected
with the reservoir B by a connecting-pipe m, and delivers the oil under
through a very small jet-aperture controlled by a fine conical or needle point
adjust it. When it is lighted the heat of the flame communicates sufficient beat
which is provided at the outer end of its shaft with a milled head n, whereby to
to the metal of the burner-jet to gasify the oil therein and produce a gas-jet, the
pressure of which increases with the pressure of air upon the fluid in the reservoir B,
and the amount of which allowed to escape around the adjustable needle-point
varies the length and heat of the flame as desired. Air to supply the combustion
pressure

page_text: is admitted through holes o, o, in a tube p surrounding flame. The flame of the
burner is directed by the said tube p into the hollow smoothing-iron A, and is
on the bottom of the smoothing-iron, so that the said bottom is protected from too
5 intense heat where the flame-burner strikes. This plate is best made of copper to
rapidly diffuse and equalize the heat over the bottom. The products of the com-
bus hand of the user a shield G made of asbestos, felt, or some other good non-
bustion escape through holes 8, 8, in the sides of the smoothing-iron. To protect
conducting material is placed over the smoothing-iron and beneath the reservoir B.
10 It is generally in the form of a plate, as represented.
In Figs. 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, and 24 is delineated a complete cooking-range
or apparatus operating upon the same principles as and employing means corre-
sponding with the devices of the Invention heretofore described. The apparatus
also includes means for producing and storing illuminating gas or vapor from the
15 hydro
general view of the whole apparatus; Fig. 18, a top view of the interior of the
principal steam-generating vessel connected with the cooking range; Fig. 19, a
central vertical section of the same; Fig. 20, a central longitudinal section of the
self-vaporizing or gas-generating burner employed in the apparatus; Figs. 21, 22,
023, and 24, central vertical sections respectively of several vessels employed as parts
of the apparatus, though mostly unessential to the main principles of my Invention.
The various parts composing the essential features of the apparatus are shown
grouped together, but the arrangement shown is only a convenient one for repre-
sentation, and is changed according to convenience or location. The principal
5 parts of the complete apparatus are a reservoir A to contain the hydro-carbon or
burning fluid to be consumed in the apparatus; an air-reservoir B to contain com-
pressed air for forcing the fluid to the place or places of combustion; a pump or air-
condenser C for compressing air into the air-reservoir and supplying the oil-reservoir
therewith; a water-reservoir D to supply the requisite waters for the purposes of
the apparatus; one or more burners E for burning the hydro-carbon fluid; a steam-
generator G, generally employed also as a steam superheater; and a reservoir H
(not essential) to contain carbureted air for illumination. Also as adjuncts to the
more essential parts I generally employ an oil-barrel or tank I connected with the
oil-reservoir and air-reservoir for containing an additional supply of hydro-carbon
fluid; and one or several steaming and other culinary vessels J, K, for the use of the
apparatus. The oil-reservoir A is made air-tight, and sufficiently strong to contain
the burning fluid and compressed air over the same, of the requisite propelling force.
It has the following pipe connections:-An air-induction pipe a leading from the
air-pump c thereto, serving also to cause the carburetting of the air introduced
thereby; a pipe b for admitting bydro-carbon fluid or oil from the oil-barrel or
tank; a pipe c to convey the carburetted air therefrom to the burner or burners; a
pipe d to convey the hydrocarbon fluid under pressure to the burner or burners; a
pipe f to conduct a surplus of carburetted air to the reservoir H; and a pipe g
leading from the steam generator G thereto to supply a steam-coil L therein for
heating the hydrocarbon fluid contained thereby. Also a pipe h may lead to the
carburetted air reservoir H from the pipe g to supply a steam coil M in the said
reservoir for superheating the carbureted air. The air reservoir B is also made air-
tight and sufficiently strong to contain compressed air of the requisite pressure. It
compression, a pipe i leading to the water reservoir D, and a pipe jleading to the oil-
lifting power both for the water-reservoir and hydro-carbon fluid-reservoir employed
barrel I, when employed. The air condensed therein thus serves as the forcing and
may be located in any convenient position, and be driven by hand or by power.
apparatus. The air condenser or pump C is of any suitable construction and
In the two pipes a and e leading respectively to the oil-reservoir and air-reservoir
there are cut-off valves k, k, one in each, with packing-boxes around their stems to
secure against the return of air to the pump during and after the pumping. The
in the

page_text: com-
water-reservoir D being subjected to pneumatic pressure inside is strong and tight
for this purpose; it may be of any suitable construction and located where
a vertical adjustable connection tube packed around with cork or other suitable
venient. It has a suitable water filling-device regulated by a cut-off valve, and
packing to adapt its lower end to the height of water in the reservoir. With this 5
is connected a pipe m for drawing off water for general purposes. In addition
to the air-pipe connection with the air reservoir a water-pipe n leads therefrom to
carbon fluid, in addition to the pipe j from the air-reservoir B thereto, and the pipe b 10
or vessel I being constructed suitably to contain the desired quantity of hydro-
the steam-generator, and a pipe o leads to a cooking steamer. The oil-storing barrel
leading from it to the oil-reservoir A may have pipe connection with any other
The burner E is arranged beneath a suitable stand N
for the uses of the apparatus. It is constructed to burn either the hydro-carbon
fluid direct, or to receive and burn the vapor or gas of the previously vaporized or
burns it with a blowing or pressure flame produced primarily by the pres
gasified fluid, and in both cases it superheats the vapor or gas and then 15
reservoir when desired.
sure which forces the liquid, or vapor, or gas to the burner.
tion is represented in Fig. 20.
Its construc
The liquid or vapor is introduced through
the branch or other pipe p into an inlet q of the burner, which leads it into a
closed chamber r, where the vaporizing or superheating, or both processes, takes 20
place. Thence the vapor or gas is led into the discharging orifice, regulated in size
by a needle-point or fine conical valve O. The ignited vapor or gas then first passes
through a chamber 8 inside of the vaporizing chamber, to furnish the heat for the
purpose. Air is here introduced to support the combustion through apertures t, t.
A burner-tube P forms a continuation of the chamber 8, in the sides of which tube 25
additional air-admitting apertures u, u, communicate with a chamber Q surrounding
it. In this chamber is located a coiled steam-pipe or tube R, which extends from
the steam generator thereto, and is there subjected to the heat of the burner,
thereby superheating the steam in the coil. The coil pipe extends from this chamber
to and discharges into a distributing chamber S, which surrounds the coil-chamber, 30
and tapers toward the outer end of the burner-tube P, where it discharges the
superheated steam around the flame emitted from the said burner-tube, thereby
completing the combustion and greatly increasing the heat therefrom. To completely
regulate the impinging of the steam upon the flame there is applied to the discharge
end of the steam discharging chamber S a steam distributor T, which has a narrow 35
annular orifice around the burner tube, and is adjustable outward and inward
around the same by screwing it upon the end of the chamber-shell, substantially as
shown, or otherwise. The steam generator G derives its heat from the burner E
by means of a pipe v, which is doubled, and coiled around the burner, and has both
of its ends extended into the said steam generator, one turning up inside of the 40
chamber higher than the other, so that the water in the steam-generator which
submerges the two ends of the pipe continually circulates through the pipe according
to a well-known law, and is heated as it flows around the burner. There may
several turns or coils of the pipe around the burner to increase the beating power
thereof, and thus steam is rapidly generated and conveyed to the "generator" or 45
the uses of the apparatus, more water is introduced therein to supply the deficiency
reservoir G. As the steam stored in this reservoir is withdrawn and utilized for
caused by the production and discharge of the steam from the water-reservoir D.
The pipe n, through which the water is introduced, extends in a coil, as shown, or
other form inside of the reservoir or generator G, and has fine perforations in its 50
sides, as indicated, through which the water is introduced in fine streams or spray,
whereby it is quickly heated and converted into steam. In addition to the pipe g
for conducting steam generated in this chamber to supply the coil L in the oil
reservoir A, there is or may be a pipe or pipes for conducting steam to any steam-
cooking vessel or vessels used with the apparatus. The upper part of the steam 58
I sometimes employ a grate w of pipes, through which the steam circulates; er an
generator also may serve for cooking, heating, or warming uses. For these purposes

page_text: steam-generator. The chamber H, in which carbureted air is stored, has the steam-
ordinary grating may be used therein to hold anything above the water of the
heating coil before mentioned in its lower part, into which steam is introduced by
carburetted air to the proper degree at all times for lighting purposes, and prevent
the pipe h from the coil L in the oil-reservoir A, or otherwise, in order to heat the
condensation in the gas pipes. This reservoir is also provided with an adjustable-
pressure safety-valve U to prevent too great pressure inside.
The steam-vessel J for culinary purposes may receive its steam from the steam
generator G, or may produce its steam at another burner E', a pipe y being arranged
and operating there with in the same manner as the pipe v connected with the
burner E, as above described. This vessel has two or more compartments or
vessels 1, 2, (Figure 21), above the main vessel, conveniently fitting one over
another, and provided with apertures or tubes z, z, for affording steam communica-
tion and circulation from below to the said compartiments. The vessel K (Fig. 22),
placed over a burner E, may generate steam from water therein. This vessel also
represented as having different compartments or interior vessels 1, 2, 3, provided
with suitable steam circulating tubes or apertures, as in case of the vessel J. Other
cooking vessels and utensils may be employed in this apparatus at will, but need
no description here. All the pipes are provided with suitable cut-off valves, each
packed preferably with cork or asbestos.
is
In using the apparatus, since carburetted air is continually kept in store, and a
pipe connection therefrom is formed with the burner E (and may be with all the
burners employed). The burner is always ready to be instantly lighted without
waiting to vaporize the hydro-carbon fluid, or requiring a special means to start
the vaporization thereof. As soon as the burner is sufficiently heated the car-
buretted air connection is generally closed, and the fluid then employed for supplying
the burner, but carburetted air may be burned there during any length of time
when preferred. This may sometimes be necessary when the fluid is exhausted,
and before replenishing with more fluid.
My Invention, as applied to out-door and lighthouse lamps, is illustrated in
Figs. 25, 26, and 27, Fig. 25 being a central vertical section of the entire apparatus
composing the complete lamp; Fig. 26, a transverse section thereof through the oil
filling inlet and its valve; and Fig. 27, a transverse section of the draught regu-
lating inlet and valve thereof to support the burner. In this apparatus I employ a
suitable stand or post A of proper height and construction for the purpose. In and
on this stand or post I place or mount every part composing the lamp complete, so
that it is in fact portable and attachable to any support, or in any convenient
position. The features of this part of my Invention consist in the combination and
arrangement with this stand or post of the following parts and elements:-A
reservoir to contain the hydro-carbon or other burning fluid for supplying the lamp-
burner, an air-pressure reservoir to press upon the fluid and force it to the lamp-
burner, employing compressed air therein for the purpose, an air-tight cut off valve
in combination with the air-reservoir, an adjustable air-draught admitting air to
the burner, an asbestos or equivalent packing between the oil reservoir of the stand
or post and the self-vaporizing or gas-generating chamber of the burner, a gas-
aerating device in the burner, the combination of a gas-aerating draught and
inlet and regulated together, and the following elements in combination :-a self
combustion supporting draught supplied from a common source or through a common
0 reservoir or chamber, and a cut-off valve between the fluid reservoir and the burner.
vaporizing illuminating burner, a hydro-carbon fluid reservoir, a pneumatic-pressure
For the hydro-carbon fluid or oil-reservoir I employ the base B of the lamp-stand
be a separate tight vessel enclosed within the base of the stand or post. This base
or post formed into a liquid-tight and air-tight chamber, or the said reservoir may
may be entirely below the surface of the ground for an out door lamp. For the
5 pneumatic pressure reservoir I form a chamber or compartment C over the fluid
chamber, and conveniently in the shaft or middle part of the hollow stand or post.
The hydro-carbon or other combustible fluid is introduced into the reservoir B

page_text: its seat, but in addition to this cap I employ a cut-off valve c to ensure a perfectly
through an opening or inlet a closed by a screw-cap b which may fit air-tight on
secure air-tight stop to the inlet. Another inlet d for the air is employed where
an air-pump or condenser is applied for producing the requisite pneumatic pressure
pressure thoreat. This inlet also is closed both by a cap fand a cut-off valve g
in the reservoir C to force the fluid up to the burner and produce the required
fitting its seat air tight. The combustible fluid is conducted from near the bottom
of the reservoir B to the burner D through a suitable pipe h. The burner for
outdoor lamps is surrounded by a suitable transparent lantern-case E. The fluid is
first delivered by the pipe h to a chamber i in the bottom of the burner, thence
into a side passago or branch of the burner, where the flame of the burner com-
municates heat to it, thence into a close chamber m directly over the flame of the
burner, the heat of which completely vaporizes or gasifies the fluid. From this
chamber the vaporized or gasified hydro carbon flows through a passage n at the
side of the burner, where it is superheated, and thence passes into a distributing
chamber p, from which it flows upward through a small aperture to supply the
flame of the burner. This aperturo is regulated in size for varying the size of the
flame and for closing the aperture for extinguishing the light by a needle-point r
the shaft of which extends down to a proper place below the lantern-case of the
lamp, where it is connected with the cranks of a regulator t. Thus the flame of
the burner is regulated from a convenient position without opening or reaching up
into the lantern-case. The construction of the illuminating burner above described
may serve as the type for all illuminating burners which vaporize and burn com-
bustible fluid forced to the burner by pneumatic pressure. The exact construction
need not be adhered to, but an equivalent tortuous passage for the fluid and vapor
is essential or at least very desirable. The draught or main combustion-supporting
draught of the lamp is supplied from a chamber G, the admission of air thereto
being regulated by a valve u. This draught supplies both the flame with the air
of combustion through a suitable passage and mingles with the vapor or gas as it is
produced in a chamber or passage, and before the same issues to the flame.
For a cut-off valve to be used in the pipes and connections I employ a packing
of cork compressed into from one-half to one-third its original bulk. Fig. 28 shows
a central axial section of a straight cut-off valve constructed to receive such a
packing, and Fig. 29 a similar view of a right angled valve so constructed. A
represents the case; B, the valve plug; a, b, respectively the inlet and outlet
passages; d, the valve seat; and f the compressed cork packing. This packing is
perfectly reliable against leakages in all cases.
I claim as my Invention,-
1. The combination of an oil reservoir, a pneumatic-pressure or compressed air-
reservoir, together or separate, one or more self-vaporizing illuminating burners,
and one or more connecting pipes or tubes.
2. The combination of an oil-reservoir, a pneumatic pressure or compressed air-
oil to one or more burners in the building.
passage.
the
or 4
3. The combination of an oil-reservoir and a separate pneumatic-pressure
compressed air-reservoir communicating with the oil-reservoir by a pipe or
situated at or near the base of a building, and one or more pneumatic pressure
4. The combination of a pneumatic-pressure or compressed-air oil-reservoir
auxiliary oil-reservoirs situated on or near the bevel of one or more upper stories 5
building, and a hydrostatic oil reservoir situate at or near the top of the building
5. The combination of a pneumatic pressure oil-reservoir supplying oil in or to a
of the building.
and a system of conducting and connecting pipes.
convey oil therefrom in or to a building, and one or more self-vaporizing illumina-
6. The combination of a pneumatic-pressure oil reservoir, a pipe or pipes to 55
ting burners located in the building.

page_text: convey oil therefrom in or to a building, and one or more self-vaporizing heating
7. The combination of a pneumatic-pressure oil-reservoir, a pipe or pipes to
burners.
8. The combination of a pneumatic-pressure oil-reservoir, a pipe or pipes to
a building, one or more heating
heating boiler or apparatus.
3. The combination of a pneumatic-pressure oil-reservoir, a pipe or pipes to
convey oil therefrom in or to a building, one or more heating burners, and a steam-
generating boiler or apparatus.
10. The combination of a pneumatic-pressure oil-reservoir, a pipe or pipes to
convey oil therefrom in or to a building, one or more heating burners, and one or
more tinners' fire-pots or soldering-iron heaters.
11. The combination of a pneumatic-pressure oil-reservoir, a pipe or pipes to
convey oil therefrom in or to a building, one or more heating burners, and one or
shifting or revolving double fire-pots.
more
12. The combination of a pneumatic-pressure oil-reservoir, a pipe or pipes to
convey oil therefrom in or to a building, one or more heating burners, and one or
more processing chests or chambers to be used in canning fruits and other articles
of food.
13. A portable self-heating soldering-iron provided with a pneumatic-pressure
oil-reservoir.
14. A portable self-heating soldering-iron provided with a pneumatic-pressure
oil-reservoir and a self-vaporizing heating burner.
15. A portable self-heating soldering-iron provided with a pneumatic-pressure
oil-reservoir and an air condensing-pump.
16. In a self-heating soldering instrument, the combination of a pneumatic-
pressure oil-reservoir, a revolving or revolvable soldering-iron, and a centre guide
or point around which the soldering-iron turns.
17. In a self-heating soldering instrument, the combination of a pneumatic-
pressure oil-reservoir, a revolvable soldering-iron, and a self-vaporizing heating
burner.
18. In a self-heating soldering instrument, the combination of a revolvable
soldering-iron and a self-vaporizing heating burner provided with a deflector for
directing the heat or flame of the burner to the revolving soldering-iron.
19. In a self-heating soldering instrument, the combination of a revolvable
soldering-iron and a self-vaporizing heating burner provided with a heat or flame
deflector, and constructed to receive or carry a soldering iron for straight-seam
soldering.
20. In a self-heating soldering instrument, the combination of a revolvable
soldering-iron, a self-vaporizing heating burner, a heat or flame deflector, and an
adjustable nozzle to regulate the distance between the said deflector and soldering-
iron.
21. In a self-heating soldering instrument, a pneumatic-pressure oil-reservoir
provided with an outwardly pressing valve and a cap to be applied over the air-
5 admitting inlet.
turns.
22. In a self-heating soldering instrument provided with a pneumatic-pressure
oil-reservoir, an adjustable socket upon the lower end of the said reservoir, and
bearing a revolvable soldering-iron and a centre guide on which the soldering-iron
0 23. In a portable self-heating soldering instrument, the combination of a
revolvable soldering-iron, a heating burner, and a centre guide located between the
heat or flame passes from the burner to the soldering-iron.
soldering-iron and burner, and provided with a ring or aperture through which the
24. In a self-heating soldering instrument, the combination of a pneumatic
55 pressure oil-reservoir, a
self-vaporizing heating burner, a soldering-iron heated
thereby, and a cut-off valve between the oil-reservoir and burner.

page_text: 25. In a self-heating soldering
continuously to the soldering-iron.
26. A self-heating smoothing-iron provided with a
reservoir and a self-vaporizing heating burner.
27. A self-heating smoothing-iron provided with a
ing solder
pneumatic-pressure oil-
pneumatic-pressure oil- 5
reservoir and a separate compressed-air chamber communicating with the said oil-
reservoir.
28. In a self-heating smoothing-iron, the combination of a
pneumatic-pressure
oil-reservoir, a self-vaporizing heating burner, and a cut-off valve between the oil-
reservoir and burner.
the handle of the smoothing-iron.
29. In a self-heating smoothing-iron, a compressed air-chamber arranged to form
30. In a self-heating smoothing-iron, an interior plate and shield-ridge for dif-
fusing and equalizing the heat of the burner-flame upon the bottom of the smoothing-
iron.
31. A can-soldering apparatus constructed with a revolving or movable can-
holding table, a soldering iron, and a self-vaporizing heating burner to heat the
soldering-iron.
32. In a can-soldering apparatus the combination of a can-supporting table, a
soldering-iron, a self-vaporizing heating burner, and a pneumatic-pressure oil-
reservoir.
33. In a can-soldering apparatus a self-heating soldering-iron having an up-and-
down reciprocating movement and a lifting and sustaining spring.
34. In a cooking or kitchen apparatus, the combination of a pneumatic-pressure
oil-reservoir, one or more self-vaporizing heating-burners, and a stand or range to
support the various cooking utensils in proper positions.
35. In a cooking or kitchen apparatus, the combination of a pneumatic-pressure
oil-reservoir, one or more self-vaporizing heating burners, one or more oil-conducting
pipes, and one or more cut-off valves between the oil-reservoir and burner or burners.
36. In a cooking or kitchen apparatus, the combination of a pneumatic-pressure
oil-reservoir, one or more self-vaporizing heating-burners, and one or more water-
boilers.
37. In a cooking or kitchen apparatus, the combination of a a pneumatic-pressure
oil-reservoir, one or more self-vaporizing heating-burners, and one or more ovens or
baking chambers.
38. In a cooking or kitchen apparatus, a pneumatic-pressure oil reservoir pro-
vided with an air-condensing pump, separate from, but communicating with the
same.
39. In a cooking or kitchen apparatus, the combination of a pneumatic-pressure
air-reservoir and a water-reservoir.
40. In a cooking or kitchen apparatus, a pneumatic-pressure oil-reservoir pro-
vided with a steam coil for vaporizing a part of the oil, and containing the oil
vapour for heating or illuminating purposes.
41. In a cooking or kitchen apparatus, the combination of a self-vaporizing
heating-burner and a steam generator deriving its heat from a pipe or water-back
42. In a cooking or kitchen apparatus, the combination of an air-carburetting
around the burner.
reservoir or vessel, and a carbureted-air reservoir.
the
43. In a cooking or kitchen apparatus, a heating-burner constructed to burn
hydro-carbon oils previously vaporized, or to receive the oil itself and vaporize
same before burning it.
44. In a cooking or kitchen apparatus, a carburetted air-reservoir provided
a heating steam coil.
with
pipe or tube for supplying steam to the flame of the burner.
45. A burner for burning hydro-carbon oils under pressure provided with a steam
pipe or coil, and a steam super-heating chamber around the burner.
46. A burner for burning hydro-carbon oils under pressure provided with a steam

page_text: atus.
47. A burner for burning hydro-carbon oils under pressure provided with a
flame-extension tube inside of a steam superheating chamber, and having lateral
apertures to admit and heat atmospheric air for further supporting the flame com-
bustion at the burner.
48. A burner for burning hydro-carbon oils under pressure provided with a
chamber for distributing and directing steam to the flame of the burner.
49. A burner for burning hydro-carbon oils under pressure provided with a
steam-distributing chamber and an adjustable steam-directing nozzle.
50. A stationary light house or out door lamp mounted on a stand or post, pro-
vided with a pneumatic-pressure oil-reservoir.
51. A light house or outdoor lamp provided with a pneumatic-pressure oil-
reservoir and self-vaporizing illuminating burner..
52. A lighthouse or outdoor lamp provided with a pneumatic-pressure oil-reser-
voir, a self-vapourizing illuminating burner, one or more conducting pipes and cut-
off valves between the oil-reservoir and burner.
53. A light-house or outdoor lamp provided with a pneumatic-pressure oil reservoir,
a self-vaporizing illuminating burner, and a gas-aerating chamber in the burner.
54. In a light-house or outdoor lamp provided with a pneumatic pressure oil-
reservoir, a self-vaporizing illuminating burner, and a chamber for aerating the oil
vapor, a variable or adjustable air-inlet for supplying the aerating chamber with air.
55. A packing for valves and joints in hydro-carbon oil-conveying and con-
taining apparatus composed of compressed cork.
Baltimore, July 25th 1879.
Witnesses,
JOHN SULLIVAN BROWN,
Le Droit Building,
Washington, D.C.
WILLIAM ALEXANDER WICKS,
No. 321, East Eager Street,
Baltimore, Maryland.
JOHN SUMMERFIELD HULL. (L.S.)