Accidents where Machinery is in Motion.
Year: 1888

page_text: This Specification was, upon the 15th day of June 1891, Amended under
Sections 18 to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883.
of Accidents where Machinery is in Motion.
We ALFRED LEADBEATER and TOM LEADBEATER both of Fenton Street Leeds in
the County of York, both mechanics, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
The object of our improvements is the fencing-, screening-, or guarding-off of
such moving parts of machines as would otherwise be more or less liable to cause
or contribute to accidents to attendants, workpeople, or others operating or passing
near such unprotected parts.
As two typical or illustrative examples shewing or ascertaining the nature of our
Invention, we shall describe our improvements as applied first to the case where a
belt passes over and round a pulley actuating a machine or some moving part thereof;
and secondly where two toothed wheels gear with each other. In these cases the
danger to be guarded against is, the liability to any person passing, standing, or
working near such pulleys or wheels, of being caught by the limbs or any part of the
clothing between the moving belt or strap and the pulley, or between the toothed
wheels, and being drawn or dragged in by the motion of the parts running towards
each other.
In the case of a belt passing round a pulley, our Invention consists of a guard or
shield of special design, attached to some conveniently adjoining fixed part of the
machine in such a manner as to cover that part where the belt approaches and runs
on to the pulley. The guard or shield consists of two parallel or approximately
parallel plates, on opposite sides of the belt and pulley, connected by a cross piece.
One edge of each side plate is parallel to and projects slightly beyond the outside of
the belt or strap; the second edges and also the cross piece which connects them are
at right angles to the belt or strap; whilst the third edges may be straight, inclined
to the other two, or more preferably curved more or less concentric to and covering
well the approaching part of the periphery of the drum. An outline of the side
plates or a side view of the guard or shield thus forms a right angled triangle, or a
similar figure in which the straight hypoteneuse is replaced by a curved line. The

page_text: upper edge of the cross piece as described is preferably recessed within the
first mentioned edges of the side plates, so as to give the necessary clearance for the
belt or strap.
In the case of a shield or guard for two toothed wheels gearing together, two edges
of the side plates are curved more or less concentric with, and projecting well within,
the approaching portions of the peripheries of the wheels; or they may be inclined
and straight forming chords of corresponding arcs. The other edges and the cross
piece joining them are preferably parallel or but slightly inclined to a straight line
joining the centres of the two wheels.
The shield or guard is attached to some conveniently adjoining fixed part of the
machine by a bent arm and adjustable stud. The stud is either screwed into a tapped
hole in the fixed part of the machine and secured with one or two check nuts, or is
passed through a smooth or untapped hole and fixed with one or two nuts at the front
and back of the hole. The projecting end of the stud is provided with a slot through
which one end of the bent arin is passed, being secured in the slot by a set screw.
The
bent arm which is rivetted, screwed, bolted, or otherwise fixed to the guard or shield, in
most cases has the two portions of the bent arm bent at right angles to each other. It will
be evident that this connection of the shield or guard is conveniently adjustable in two
directions, i.e. to or from the fixed part of the machine where it is attached; and to
or from the point where the belt and pulley first come in contact; (or in the second
case to or from the point where the toothed wheels gear into each other.
The shield or guard may be made of cast or sheet, iron, or steel, or
other suitable material; in one or more pieces, or of strong wire netting or
lattice work.
Datel this 28th love of January 1888.
J. CLARK JEFFERSON,
Agent for the aforesaid two Applicants..

page_text: of Accidents where Machinery is in Motion.
We ALFRED LEADBEATER and TOM LEADBEATER both of Fenton Street Leeds in
the County of York, both mechanics do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by, the following statement :-
The object of our Improvements is the fencing-, sereening or guarding-off, of such
moving parts of machines, as would otherwise be more or less liable to cause or
contribute to accidents to attendants, workpeople, or others operating or passing near
such unprotected parts.
As two typical or illustrative examples shewing or ascertaining the nature of our
Invention, we shall describe our improvements as applied first to the case where a belt
passes over and fround a pulley, actuating a machine or some moving part thereof.
and secondly-where two toothed wheels gear with each other. In these cases the
danger to be guarded against is, the liability to any person passing, standing, or
working near such pulleys or-wheels, of being caught by the limbs or any part of
the clothing between the moving belt or strap and the pulley, or between-the-toothed
wheels, and being drawn or drugged-in by the motion of the parts running towards
each other.
In the case of a belt passing round a pulley, our Invention consists of a guard or
shield of special design, attached to some conveniently adjoining fixed part of the
machine, in such a manner, as to cover that part where the belt approaches and runs
on to the pulley. The guard or shield consists of two parallel or approximately
parallel plates, on opposite sides of the belt or pulley, connected by a cross piece or
bolt. One edge of each side plate is parallel to, and projects slightly beyond the
outside of the belt or strap; the second edges, and also the cross piece which connects
them, are at right angles to the belt or strap; whilst the third edges may be straight,
inclined to the other two, or more preferably curved more or less concentric to and
covering well the approaching part of the periphery of the drum. An outline of the
side plates, or a side view of the guard or shield, thus forms a right angled triangle,
or a similar figure, in which the straight hypoteneuse is replaced by a curved line.
The upper edge of the cross piece as described is preferably recessed within the first
mentioned edges of the side plates, so as to give the necessary clearance for the belt
or strap.
In the ease of a shield-or-guard-for two toothed wheels gearing together, two edges
of the side plates-ure-curved-more-or-less-concentric with, and projecting well within,
the-approaching portions of the peripheries of the two wheels; or they may be
inclined and straight, forming chords of corresponding ares. The other edges, and
the cross piece joining them, are preferably parallel or but slightly inclined-to-a-straight
line joining the centres of the two-wheels.

page_text: The shield or guide is attached to some conveniently adjoining fixed part of the
machine, by a bent arm and adjustable stnd. The stand is either screwed into a tapped
hole in the fixed part of the machine, and secured with one or two check nuts ; or is
passed through a smooth or untapped hole, and fixed with one or two nuts at the
front and back of the hole. The projecting end of the stud is provided with a slot,
through which one end of the bent arm is passed, being secured in the slot by a set
screw. The bent arm which is rivetted, screwed, bolted or otherwise fixed to the
guard or shield, in most cases has the two portions of the bent arm bent at right
angles to each other. It will be evident that this connection of the shield or guard
is conveniently adjustable in two directions, i.e. to or from the fixed part of the
machine where it is attached, and to or from the point where the belt and pulley first
come in contact. (or in the second case to or from the-point where the-toothed wheels
gear into each-other-)
The shield or guard may be of cast, or sheet iron or steel, or other suitable material;
in one or more pieces, or of strong wire netting or lattice work.
And in order that our Invention may be more clearly understood, reference is given
to the accompanying drawings and to the letters and marks thereon.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS. :
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the most general form of our improved belt guard,
represented as applied to two pulleys A and B, from one of which motion is com-
municated to the other by the belt C. The guard or shield as shewn consists of a
casting, having two parallel or approximately parallel sides a a¹ a¹¹, connected by the
cross piece b. The sides a a¹ al project at or about one edge a slightly beyond the
belt; the second straight edges a of the side pieces, and the cross piece b connecting
them, are at right angles to the belt; whilst the third edges all may be straight as
indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 2, or curved as shewn by the full lines, projecting
well within the circumference of the drum. The edge of the cross piece b is
recessed or formed within the outer edges a, so as to give the necessary clearance for
the belt.
It will be evident that where the pulleys are placed close to the frame of the
machine, that the side piece next to the frame may be altogether dispensed with, as
shewn in Fig. 3; in which corresponding letters refer to corresponding parts in
Figs. 1 and 2..
Fig. 2 is a detached view of the most usual form of our guard, shewing also one
mode of attaching it to the frame of the machine. An adjustable stud or bar e is
screwed into a tapped hole in the fixed part of the machine, and secured by one or
both of the nuts ; or it may be passed through a plain or untapped hole, and secured
by both nuts d. The projecting end of the stud or bar e is provided with an enlarge-
ment, in which is formed a slot, through which one end of the bent arm e is passed,
being secured in the slot by a set screw. It will be evident that by adjusting the
position of the nuts, and the position of the bent arme in the slot, the shield or
guard is conveniently adjustable in two directions; i.e. to or from the fixed part of
the machine where it is attached, and to or from the point where the belt and pulley
first come in contact.
When 'sheet iron or steel is used for making the guard, it may be formed as shewn
in Fig. 4, the projecting edges a being formed by attaching angle iron to, or by
flanging, the sheet metal; in which case the two parallel sides a a¹ all are open, the
plate or sheet being bent or formed so as to be parallel to the belt over one portion,
and curved parallel or approximately parallel to the surface of the drum approaching
the belt. To stiffen the guard, and also for the purpose of connection to the machine,
one or two vertical tie pieces fare fastened to the open ends of the guards.
Fig. 5 represents another form of our guard, and as similar. letters are used to
indicate corresponding parts in other Figs., it will be readily understood without
further description. In this arrangement it will be noticed, that the outer side of
the belt is covered by the top cross plate g. Whenever it is considered desirable,

page_text: the outer side of the belt C can in the other prior described arrangements, be also
covered, preferably by a loose cover (Fig. 6) supported on the edges a of the two sido
plates.
Fig shows the-most general form of our-guard as applied to the ease of wheels
gearing together, and is sufficiently clear to be understood without further
deseription.
Another method of attaching our improved guard to the machine is by means of a
couple of plates, provided with suitable slot and bolt holes, see Fig. 8, which permit
of adjustment in similar directions as in the case of the connection previously described
and shewn in Fig. 2.
The guard in any of the forms above described may be constructed in one piece, or
built up of several pieces properly secured together; also of cast or sheet iron or steel
or other suitable material, or of wire netting or lattice work. In-some-enses-we
combine it with the belt guide for moving the strap-or-belt-from-one-pulley to
another
The above-are-of course not the only forms in which our improved belt-guard-may
be constructed, but will suffice to illustrate how it can be adapted for special enses-;
but Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1° A guard or protection consisting of two (or one only) triangular or approximately
triangular shaped plates, (or sides), parallel or approximately parallel to the plane of
the pulley, connected across with or by a cross pieco cither parallel to or at right
angles to the belt, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth, and as illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
20 A guard or protector formed of sheet metal and angle irons, or of flanged sheet
metal, with open sides and open or closed front, substantially as and for purposes
herein set forth and illustrated in Fig. 4.
3° The combination with either of the subject matters of Claims 1° and 2° of an
adjustable bolt and cranked arm, substantially as and for the purposes herein sot
forth.
4° The combination with any of the subject matters of claims 1° and 2° of
adjustable pieces, provided with slot and bolt holes, substantially as and for purposes
herein set forth.
5° An improved belt guard or protector substantially in or of any of the forms,
arrangements, or constructions herein set forth or illustrated.
Uated this 30th day of Luna 1888
Dated this 30th day of Luna 1889
J. CLARK JEFFERSON, Assoc. R.S.M.,
2, East Parade, Leeds,
Agent for aforesaid two Applicants.

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Jan., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 5th July, 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 10th Aug., 1888
of Accidents where Machinery is in Motion.
We ALFRED LEADBEATER and TOM LEADBEATER both of Fenton Street Leeds in
the County of York, both mechanics, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
The object of our improvements is the fencing-, screening-, or guarding-off of
such moving parts of machines as would otherwise be more or less liable to cause
or contribute to accidents to attendants, work people, or others operating or passing
near such unprotected parts.
As two typical or illustrative examples shewing or ascertaining the nature of our
Invention, we shall describe our improvements as applied first to the case where a
belt passes over and round a pulley actuating a machine or some moving part thereof;
and secondly where two toothed wheels gear with each other. In these cases the
danger to be guarded against is, the liability to any person passing, standing, or
working near such pulleys or wheels, of being caught by the limbs or any part of the
clothing between the moving belt or strap and the pulley, or between the toothed
wheels, and being drawn or dragged in by the motion of the parts running towards
each other.
In the case of a belt passing round a pulley, our Invention consists of a guard or
shield of special design, attached to some conveniently adjoining fixed part of the
machine in such a manner as to cover that part where the belt approaches and runs
on to the pulley. The guard or shield consists of two parallel or approximately
parallel plates, on opposite sides of the belt and pulley, connected by a cross piece.
One edge of each side plate is parallel to and projects slightly beyond the outside of
the belt or strap; the second edges and also the cross piece which connects them are
at right angles to the belt or strap; whilst the third edges may be straight, inclined
to the other two, or more preferably curved more or less concentric to and covering
well the approaching part of the periphery of the drum. An outline of the side
plates or a side view of the guard or shield thus forms a right angled triangle, or a
similar figure in which the straight hypoteneuse is replaced by a curved line. The

page_text: upper edge of the cross piece as described is preferably recessed within the
first mentioned edges of the side plates, so as to give the necessary clearance for the
belt or strap.
In the case of a shield or guard for two toothed wheels gearing together, two edges
of the side plates are curved more or less concentric with, and projecting well within,
the approaching portions of the peripheries of the wheels; or they may be inclined
and straight forming chords of corresponding arcs. The other edges and the cross
piece joining them are preferably parallel or but slightly inclined to a straight line
joining the centres of the two wheels.
The shield or guard is attached to some conveniently adjoining fixed part of the
machine by a bent arm and adjustable stud. The stud is either screwed into a tapped
hole in the fixed part of the machine and secured with one or two check nuts, or is
passed through a smooth or untapped hole and fixed with one or two nuts at the front
and back of the hole. The projecting end of the stud is provided with a slot through
which one end of the bent arm is passed, being secured in the slot by a set screw.
The
bent arm which is rivetted, screwed, bolted, or otherwise fixed to the guard or shield, in
most cases has the two portions of the bent arm bent at right angles to each other. It will
be evident that this connection of the shield or guard is conveniently adjustable in two
directions, i.e. to or from the fixed part of the machine where it is attached ; and to
or from the point where the belt and pulley first come in contact; (or in the second
case to or from the point where the toothed wheels gear into each other.
The shield or guard may be made of cast or sheet, iron, or steel, or
other suitable material; in one or more pieces, or of strong. wire netting or
lattice work.
Dated: 581
1000
J. CLARK JEFFERSON,
Agent for the aforesaid two Applicants.

page_text: of Accidents where Machinery is in Motion.
We ALFRED LEADBEATER and TOM LEADBEATER both of Fenton Street Leeds in
the County of York, both mechanics do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of our Improvements is the fencing-, scrowing-, or guarding-off, of such
moving parts of machines, as would otherwise be more or less liable to cause or
contribute to accidents to attendants, workpeople, or others operating or passing near
such unprotected parts.
As two typical or illustrative examples shewing or ascertaining the nature of our
Invention, we shall describe our improvements as applied first to the case where a belt
passes over and round a pulley, actuating a machine or some moving part thereof;
and secondly where two toothed wheels gear with each other.
In these cases the
danger to be guarded against is, the liability to any person passing, standing, or
working near such pulleys or wheels, of being caught by the limbs or any part of
the clothing between the moving belt or strap and the pulley, or between the toothed
wheel, and being drawn or dragged in by the motion of the parts running towards
each other.
In the case of a belt passing round a pulley, our Invention consists of a guard or
shield of special design, attached to some conveniently adjoining fixed part of the
machine, in such a manner, as to cover that part where the belt approaches and runs
on to the pulley. The guard or shield consists of two parallel or approximately
parallel plates, on opposite sides of the belt or pulley, connected by a cross piece or
bolt. One edge of each side plate is parallel to, and projects slightly beyond the
outside of the belt or strap; the second edges, and also the cross piece which connects
them, are at right angles to the belt or strap; whilst the third edges may be straight,
inclined to the other two, or more preferably curved more or less concentric to and
covering well the approaching part of the periphery of the drum. An outline of the
side plates, or a side view of the guard or shield, thus forms a right angled triangle,
or a similar figure, in which the straight hypoteneuse is replaced by a curved line.
The upper edge of the cross piece as described is preferably recessed within the first
mentioned edges of the side plates, so as to give the necessary clearance for the belt
or strap.
In the case of a shield or guard for two toothed wheels gearing together, two edges
of the side plates are curved more or less concentric with, and projecting well within,
the approaching portions of the peripheries of the two wheels; or they may be
inclined and straight, forming chords of corresponding arcs. The other edges, and
the cross piece joining them, are preferably parallel or but slightly inclined to a straight
line joining the centres of the two wheels.

page_text: The shield or guide is attached to some conveniently adjoining fixed part of the
machine, by a bent arm and adjustable stud. The stud is either screwed into a tapped
hole in the fixed part of the machine, and secured with one or two check nuts; or is
passed through a smooth or untapped hole, and fixed with one or two nuts at the
front and back of the hole. The projecting end of the stud is provided with a slot,
through which one end of the bent arm is passed, being secured in the slot by a set
screw. The bent arm which is rivetted, screwed, bolted or otherwise fixed to the
guard or shield, in most cases has the two portions of the bent arm bent at right
angles to each other. It will be evident that this connection of the shield or guard
is conveniently adjustable in two directions, i.e. to or from the fixed part of the
machine where it is attached, and to or from the point where the belt and pulley first
come in contact; (or in the second case to or from the point where the toothed wheels
gear into each other.)
:
The shield or guard may be of cast, or sheet iron or steel, or other suitable material;.
in one or more pieces, or of strong wire netting or lattice work.
And in order that our Invention may be more clearly understood, reference is given
to the accompanying drawings and to the letters and marks thereon.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the most general form of our improved belt guard,
represented as applied to two pulleys A and B, from one of which motion is com-
municated to the other by the belt C. The guard or shield as shewn consists of a
casting, having two parallel or approximately parallel sides a a' a", connected by the
cross piece b. The sides a a al project at or about one edge a slightly beyond the
belt; the second straight edges al of the side pieces, and the cross piece & connecting
them, are at right angles to the, belt; whilst the third edges a" may be straight as
indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 2, or curved as shown by the full lines, projecting
well within the circumference of the drum. The edge of the cross piece bis
recessed or formed within the outer edges a, so as to give the necessary clearance for
the belt.
b
It will be evident that where the pulleys are placed close to the frame of the
machine, that the side piece next to the frame may be altogether dispensed with, as
shewn in Fig. 3; in which corresponding letters refer to corresponding parts in
Figs. 1 and 2.
Fig. 2 is a detacher view of the most usual form of our guard, shewing also one
mode of attaching it to the frame of the machine. An adjustable stud or bar c is
screwed into a tapped hole in the fixed part of the machine, and secured by one or
hoth of the nuts d; or it may be passed through a plain or untapped hole, and secured
by both nuts d. The projecting end of the stud or bar e is provided with an enlarge-
ment, in which is formed a slot, through which one end of the bent arme is passed,
being secured in the slot by a set screw. It will be evident that by adjusting the
position of the nuts d, and the position of the bent arme in the slot, the shield or
guard is conveniently adjustable in two directions; i.e. to or from the fixed part of
The machine where it is attached, and to or from the point where the belt and pulley
first come in contact.
When sheet iron or steel is used for making the guard, it may be formed as shewn
in Fig. 4, the projecting edges a being formed by attaching angle iron to, or by
flanging, the sheet metal; in which case the two parallel sides a a¹ a" are open, the
plate or sheet being bent or formed so as to be parallel to the belt over one portion,
and curved parallel or approximately parallel to the surface of the drum approaching
the belt. To stiffen the guard, and also for the purpose of connection to the machine,
one or two vertical tie pieces are fastened to the open ends of the guards.
Fig. 5 represents another form of our guard, and as similar letters are used to
indicate corresponding parts in other Figs., it will be readily understood without
further description. In this arrangement it will be noticed, that the outer side of
the belt is covered by the top cross plate g. Whenever it is considered desirable,

page_text: the outer side of the belt C can in the other prior described arrangements, be also
covered, preferably by a loose cover (Fig. 6) supported on the edges a of the two side
plates.
Fig. 7 shews the most general form of our guard as applied to the case of wheels
gearing together, and is sufficiently clear to be understood without further
description.
Another method of attaching our improved guard to the machine is by means of a
couple of L plates, provided with suitable slot and bolt holes, see Fig. 8, which permit
of adjustment in similar directions as in the case of the connection previously described
and shewn in Fig. 2.
The guard in any of the forms above described may be constructed in one piece, or
built up of several pieces properly secured together; also of cast or sheet iron or steel
or other suitable material, or of wire netting or lattice work. In some cases we
combine it with the belt-guide for moving the strap or belt from one pulley to
another.
The above are of course not the only forms in which our improved belt-guard may
be constructed, but will suffice to illustrate how it can be adapted for special cases ;
but having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1° A guard or protection consisting of two (or one only) triangular or approximately
triangular shaped plates, (or sides), parallel or approximately parallel to the plane of
the pulley, connected across with or by a cross piece either parallel to or at right
angles to the belt, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth, and as illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
2° A guard or protector formed of sheet metal and angle irons, or of flanged sheet
metal, with open sides and open or closed front, substantially as and for purposes
herein set forth and illustrated in Fig. 4.
3° The combination with either of the subject matters of Claims 1° and 2° of an
adjustable bolt and cranked arm, substantially as and for the purposes herein set
forth.
4° The combination with any of the subject matters of claims 1° and 2° of
adjustable pieces, provided with slot and bolt holes, substantially as and for purposes
herein set forth.
50° An improved belt guard or protector substantially in or of any of the forms,
arrangements, or constructions herein set forth or illustrated.
Dated this 30th day of June 1888.