IMPROVED METHODS OF WORKING OF WATER WHEELS, RAISING OF WATER, AND IN A GREAT MEASURE PRE- VENTING WATER WHEELS FROM BEING FLOODED, AND OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1803

page_text: FUSSELL'S SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
FUSSELL, of Mells, in the County of Somerset, Iron Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, bearing date on or about the Fourteenth day of
June, in the forty-third year of His said Majesty's reign, and in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and three, did give and grant unto
me, the said James Fussell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, His
special licence, full power, sole priviledge and authority, that I, the said James
Fussell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should and lawfully might,
during the term therein expressed, make, use, exercise, and vend, within Eng-
land, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my "IMPROVED METHODS OF
WORKING OF WATER WHEELS, RAISING OF WATER, AND IN A GREAT MEASURE PRE-
VENTING WATER WHEELS FROM BEING FLOODED, AND OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES;" in
which said recited Letters Patent there is contained a proviso that if I, the said
James Fussell, shall not particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my
said Invention, and in what manner the same shall be performed, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be
inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within two calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, that
then the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever
thereby granted, should cease, determine, and become void, as in and by the
said Letters Patent, reference being thereunto had, may more fully and at
large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
James Fussell, do hereby declare my said Invention to be as described in the
following Specification and Drawings annexed, with the references thereto
(that is to say)-
Fig. I. is a side view of the improved method of working water wheels.
A, the water wheel; B, two cranks to return the lever by the same lifters
that raise them; C, C, two levers to work the pumps; D, D, D, D, lifters;
E, the buckets fixed to crooks (as shewn in Fig. VI., of which the chain is
composed). The chain can be made of any length or strength, according to
the depth of the fall of water; for instance, a small spring rising ou a hill, which
has a fall of fifty yards more or less, it will be necessary to carry the water
in a trench to the steepest part of the hill, in order to have the level as short
as possible, which level must be drove to a pit sunk perpendicular under the
wheel, the buckets working over; the wheel may be made small, in order
for the buckets to work in a common pit of four or five feet diameter. It
is evident there will be by working water wheels by this method a great
advantage over the present, as the whole weight of the water will always hang
at the greatest distance from the centre of the wheel; F the small chain and
buckets for raising water, ores, coals, or other bodies from mines, &c. The
buckets are hung to the crooks of which the chain is composed, which
standards must project a sufficient distance to give the buckets room to turn
on pivots, and tip the contents into the receiver L, which are carried off by the
level N. The buckets may be hung at any distance from each other, and
made to contain any quantity of water, &c., according to the power that is
applied. G, the rod for working the pump; H, trough or trunk which carries
the water, and delivers it into the buckets E; I, I, two boxes which may be
loaded to balance the levers and rods; K, wheel to steady the chain that
works at the bottom; M, the pump; N, the level to carry off the water, &c.;
O, a wheel for the same purpose as at K.
Fig. II. (is a front view of Fig. I.). A, water wheel; B, balance or fly
wheel; C, shaft; D, D, lifters; E, buckets and chain as in Fig. I.; F, F,
small chain and buckets as in Fig. I.; G, socket to unite the water wheel shaft
with the shaft C; H, small wheel made of cast iron or any other metal, lightly
fluted on the face to prevent the chain or crooks from slipping; K, wheel for
the same purpose as at K in Fig. I.; N, level for carrying off the water, &c.;
O, wheels as in Fig. I.
Fig. III. (an improved method of raising water, by wind, hand, or other
power). A, rudder to turn the half-circle box B, which covers half of the
horizontal wheel C, in order to cover half the wheel that works against the

page_text: wind; D, shaft of the horizontal wheel; E, main posts which support the
horizontal wheel; G, G, windlasses to raise the bucket by hand in case the
reservoir should fail; H, spindle; I, small iron wheel which the chain and
buckets pass over; K, ratchet wheel which works in a small nut L fixed in
the upright shaft of the wind wheel; a, receiver to tip the bucket, and
convey its contents into a reservoir b, to supply water in case of the winds
failing, which will be sometimes the case.
Fig. IV. (method to prevent water wheels in a great measure from being
flooded). A, hatch to admit the water on the mill wheel; B, B, B, hatches to
let in the water to the carriage G to work on the short ladles or buckets at E
and F; C, the mill wheel; D, the shaft of the wheel that forces the water
out of the mill wheel.
Fig. V. (front view of Fig. 4). E, the long ladle which forces the water of
the mill tail; F, the large short ladle worked by the great body of water from
the pond; D, the shaft of the forcing wheel.
Fig. VI. (shews the method of making the chains for the machines). Two
crooks of which the chain is composed on a large scale, of which all the
chains are made on the same construction.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Fussell, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eleventh day of August, in the forty-third year of
the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third, and in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and three.