Improvements in Smallware Looms.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Mar., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 10th Dec., 1898-Accepted, 14th Jan,, 1899
Improvements in Smallware Looms.
We, STEPHEN BARNWELL, of 118, Everton Road, Manchester, Manufacturer, and
THOMAS KERFOOT, of Holly Mount, Seymour Grove, Old Trafford, Manchester,
Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
Our said invention relates to improvements in or applicable to smallware looms, i.e.
such looms as are used in weaving simultaneously several narrow fabrics each woven
by its own shuttle or shuttles carried by a common slay or hatten.
The object of one part of our said invention is to enable all the shuttles to be
removed simultaneously from the batten and to be replaced by another set of
shuttles.
The shuttles are mounted in a detachable frame which may be attached to the
batten by suitable catches or fastenings.
At the sides of the loom are two channels or grooves communicating at their lower
ends so as to have a common channel or outlet opposite to which a corresponding
channel at each end of the batten may be brought for the purpose of inserting or
removing the shuttle carrying frames.
The frame carrying the shuttles in use rests in the said end channels of the batten.
While the weaving proceeds another frame containing full shuttles is placed in one
pair of the side channels of the frame. When it is desired to replace the working set
of shuttles by the freshly filled set the batten is stopped in such a position that the
end channels of the batten come opposite to the common outlet of the channels of
the side frame. The working frame is detached from the batten and is elevated into
the vacant pair of channels in the side frames and the frame of freshly filled shuttles
is lowered into and secured in the channels of the battens, whereupon the weaving
can proceed as before. For elevating and lowering the detachable shuttle frames
cords or the like are attached thereto by hooks or slings. The said cords pass
over guide pulleys to druins or winding barrels mounted on a shaft at a convenient
part of the loom. Each winding barrel has secured to it a worn wheel operated
by a worm.
Another part of our said invention relates to the take up motion of smallware
looms. Each narrow fabric is provided with a separate take up drum or bobbin loosely
mounted on a take up shaft or beam common to several or all of the take up drums.
To the take up beams we apply one or more friction strips of perforated or roughened
sheet metal or the like material adapted to increase the friction of rubbing contact.
The friction of the said strips causes the take up drums to revolve in the same
direction as the take up beam except in so far as they are estrained by the pull of
the fabric which by retarding the drums prevents them rotating as fast as the take
up beam. A continual independent drag is thereby produced in each separate fabric
which serves to keep the fabric taut and straight as the weaving proceeds. The
take up beam is preferably mounted at the rear of the loom and the fabrics are
guided to the take up beam by suitable rails or rollers. The amount of drag can
be varied as desired to suit various kinds of fabric by varying the rate of rotation of

page_text: the take up beam. This we accomplish in various ways as for example by driving
the take up beam by a ratchet wheel and pawl operated from the batten by a cord
and lever. The amplitude of the oscillations of the lever and consequently the stroke
of the pawl may be varied by attaching the driving cord nearer to or further from the
fulcrum of the lever.
Improvem
We, STEPHEN BARNWELL, of 118, Everton Road, Manchester, Manufacturer, and
THOMAS KERFOOT, of Holly Mount, Seymour Grove, Old Trafford, Manchester,
Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
Our said invention relates to improvements in or applicable to smallware looms ¿.e.
such looms as are used in weaving simultaneously several narrow fabrics each woven
by its own shuttle or shuttles carried by a common slay or batten.
The object of one part of our said invention is to enable all the shuttles to be
removed simultaneously from the batten and to be replaced by another set of
shuttles.
The shuttles are mounted in a detachable frame which may be attached to the
batten by suitable catches or fastenings.
At the sides of the loom are two channels or grooves communicating at their lower
ends so as to have a common channel or outlet opposite to which a corresponding
channel at each end of the batten may he brought for the purpose of inserting or
removing the shuttle carrying frames.
The frame carrying the shuttles in use rests in the said end channels of the batten.
While the weaving proceeds another frame containing full shuttles is placed in one
pair of the side channels of the frame. When it is desired to replace the working
set of shuttles by the freshly filled set the batten is stopped in such a position that
the end channels of the batten come opposite to the common outlet of the channels
of the side frame. The working frame is detached from the batten and is elevated
into the vacant pair of channels in the side frames and the frame of freshly filled
shuttles is lowered into and secured in the channels of the batten, whereupon the
weaving can proceed as before. For elevating and lowering the detachable shuttle
frames cords or the like are attached thereto by hooks or slings. The said cords pass
over guide pulleys to drums or winding barrels mounted on a shaft at a convenient
part of the loom. Each winding barrel has secured to it a worm wheel operated by
a worm.
Another part of our said invention relates to the take up motion of smallware
looms. Each narrow fabric is provided with a separate take up drum or bobbin
loosely mounted on a take up shaft or beam common to several or all of the take up
drums. To the take up beam we apply one or more friction strips of perforated or
roughened sheet metal or the like material adapted to increase the friction of rubbing
contact. The friction of the said strips causes the take up drums to revolve in the
same direction as the take up beam except in so far as they are restrained by the
pull of the fabric which by retarding the drums prevents them rotating as fast as
the take up beam. A continual independent drag is thereby produced in each
separate fabric which serves to keep the fabric taut and straight as the weaving

page_text: proceeds. The take up beam is preferably mounted at the rear of the loom and the
fabrics are guided to the take up beam by suitable rails or rollers. The amount of
drag can be varied as desired to suit various kinds of fabric by varying the rate of
rotation of the take up beam. This we may accomplish in various ways as for
example by driving the take up beam by a ratchet wheel and pawl operated from the
batten by a cord and lever. The amplitude of the oscillations of the lever and con-
sequently the stroke of the pawl may be varied by attaching the driving cord nearer
to or further from the fulcrum of the lever.
In order that our said invention may be more clearly understood we will describe
the same with reference to the accompanying drawings in which
Fig. 1 is a transverse sectional elevation (drawn to a smaller scale) as seen in the
direction of the arrows of Fig. 4 and shows the slides or channels in which the frame
carrying the shuttles is raised or lowered.
Fig. 2 is a cross section through x-x of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an end elevation of part of a smallware loom showing the take up motion
and the mechanism for lowering and raising the frames carrying the shuttles to be
hereinafter described.
Fig. 4 is a front elevation as seen in the direction of the arrow t of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is an end elevation of one of the take up drums or bobbins to be
hereinafter described.
In these drawings only so much of a smallware loom is shown as is necessary to
describe our said invention. In all the figures the same letters refer to the same
parts.
The object of one part of our said invention is to enable all the shuttles in the
carrying frame A to be removed simultaneously from the batten when empty and to
be replaced by another frame B containing a full set of shuttles or to enable them
to be raised into a more convenient position for changing in case only a single
carrying frame is used.
The shuttles are mounted in a detachable frame constructed in the usual
way with one two three or more shuttle-races to receive corresponding sets of
rows of shuttles.
The batten or slay is of the ordinary construction and is provided with a detachable
shuttle frame A which carries or supports the shuttles and in which are formed the
shuttle-races d and a front sliding frame e (Fig. 4) having upright arms or brackets e¹
which operate the shuttles backward and forward through the sheds. There is also a
fixed frame g at the back which carries or to which the reeds f are affixed.
At the sides of the loom are two channels or grooves b 61 (Figs. 1 and 2) converging
and communicating at their lower ends so as to have a common channel or outlet 62
opposite to which a corresponding channel c fixed at each end of the batten and
swinging therewith may be brought for the purpose of inserting or removing the
shuttle carrying frames.
The frame A (Fig. 4) carrying the shuttles in use rests in the end channels c of
the batten. While the weaving proceeds another frame B containing full shuttles
inay be placed in one pair of the side channels of the frame or slide a. When the
pins or quills in the shuttle frame A become empty the batten is stopped in such a
position that the channels c of the batten come opposite to the common outlet 62 of
the channels of the frame or slide a. The empty shuttle frame A is detached from
the batten and is elevated (by means to be hereinafter described) into the vacant
pair of channels in the frames or slides a into the position indicated in dotted lines
at A (Fig. 2). The reserve frame B of freshly filled shuttles may then be lowered
into and secured in the channel c of the batten whereupon the weaving can proceed
as before. For elevating and lowering the detachable shuttle frames cords j and j¹ or
the like are connected by means of hooks h h¹ to each of the shuttle frames A and B.
The cords are connected to the working shuttle frame A and the cords to the
reserve shuttle frame B. These cords jj pass over guide pulleys k mounted on
shafts k¹ on the beam / or other convenient part of the loom. Each cord engaging
with the shuttle frames A and B is attached at 2 to the cord and connected to the

page_text: winding drums m keyed to the shaft n in bearings n¹ secured to the frame of the
loom. Mounted in brackets oo on the frame of the loom are worms p p engaging
with worn wheels r r. The shafts of the worms pl p¹ have square ends on which is
placed a key or handle for winding the cords j¹ on the drums m in order to raise or
lower the shuttle frames as may be required.
Another part of our said invention relates to the take up motion of smallware
looms. Each narrow fabric is provided with a separate take up drum or bobbin u as
shown in Fig. 4 and also at Fig. 5. These drums or hobbins are loosely mounted on
a take up shaft or beam u¹ common to several or all of the take up drums u. To
the take up beam or shaft u¹ we apply one or more friction strips u² of perforated or
roughened sheet metal or the like material adapted to increase the friction of rubbing
contact. The friction of the said strips u² causes the take up drums to revolve in the
same direction as the take up beam u¹ except in so far as they are restrained by the
pull of the fabric which by retarding the drums prevents them rotating as fast as
the take up beam. A continual independent drag is thereby produced in each
separate fabric which serves to keep the fabric taut and straight as the weaving
proceeds. The take up beam u¹ is preferably mounted at the rear of the loom and
the fabrics are guided under and over the roller y over suitable rails or rollers to the
take up drums or bobbins u as indicated in dotted lines at Fig. 3. The amount of
drag can be varied as desired to suit various kinds of fabric by varying the rate of
rotation of the take up beam u¹. This we may accomplish in various ways as for
example by driving the take up beam u¹ by a ratchet wheel w keyed to the take up
beam and having pawls w¹³ engaging therewith. The pawl w¹ mounted on the
stud w³ on the frame of the loom is kept in engagement with the ratchet wheel w by
its own weight. The pawl w³ mounted on the swinging arm w is held up against
the ratchet wheel w by a spring w on the stud 20³. Secured to the end of the
swinging arm w is a cord or the like connection w' passing over one or more guide
pulleys ws and is connected at w to an oscillating lever 2010 which moves with the
slay or batten. As the lower end of the oscillating lever wo moves forward or to
the left of Fig. 3 the cord w' pulls the arm w in a downward direction and the pawl
w² mounted thereon and engaging with the teeth of the ratchet wheel w moves the
ratchet and take up beam in the direction of the arrow z until the return of the
oscillating lever wo when the spring wll pulls the arm w and pawl into the position
shown at Fig. 3. The amplitude of the oscillations of the swinging arm 10 and
consequently the stroke of the pawl u may be varied by attaching the end of the
driving cord w nearer to or further from the fulcrum of the swinging lever tolo as
will be well understood.
In some cases we may use two take up beams operated as described and placed one
above or near to the other as indicated in dotted lines at the right hand side of Fig. 3
so that when the drums or hobbins on the lower beam are full the fabrics may he cut
and the ends thereof hooked on to the upper drums or bobbins to be wound thereon
while the lower full drums or bobbins are reinoved.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The herein before described means for raising and lowering the shuttle carrying
frame of a smallware loom substantially as set forth and shown.
2. The herein before described means for raising substituting and lowering
the shuttle carrying frames of a smallware loom substantially as set forth
and shown.
3. In a smallware loom the herein before described means for simultaneously
taking up the woven fabrics while obtaining an independent drag or tension on each
separate fabric substantially as set forth.
4. In a smallware loom such as described the combination of guides grooves or
channels such as b b and c removable shuttle frames cords or other connections and

page_text: winding drums for raising and lowering the shuttle frames substantially as described
and shown.
5. In a smallware loom the combination with the detachable frames A and B of
cords or the like jj' winding drums m worms p p and worm wheels 7 operated by a
handle or key substantially as and for the purpose set forth and shown.
6. In a smallware loom the combination of detached drums or bobbins u a take up
shaft u¹ provided with friction strips and means for regulating the velocity of rotation
of the take up shaft substantially as and for the purpose set forth and shown.
Dated this 8th day of December 1898.
E. T. WHITELOW, A.M. Inst. C.E.,
70, Deansgate, Manchester, Agent for the Applicant.