IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING BY COMPRESSION AND BY MULTIPLE EFFECT, PART OF THE INVENTION BEING ALSO APPLICABLE TO COMPRESSING FLUIDS FOR OTHER BILD RACE PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jules Weibel of Geneva Switzerland and Paul Piccard
of Lausanne Switzerland for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR EVAPORATING BY COMPRESSION AND BY MULTIPLE EFFECT, PART OF THE
INVENTION BEING ALSO APPLICABLE TO COMPRESSING FLUIDS FOR OTHER
BILD RACE
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jules Weibel and Paul
Piccard at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th April 1883.
JULES WEIBEL of Geneva, Switzerland, and PAUL PICCARD of Lausanne,
Switzerland, "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING BY COMPRESSION
AND BY MULTIPLE EFFECT, PART OF THE INVENTION BEING ALSO APPLICABLE TO
COMPRESSING FLUIDS FOR OTHER PURPOSES
"
In the specification of Letters Patent dated 14th December 1878 N° 5143 granted
to Sydney Pitt for an invention communicated to him by the said Jules Weibel is
described an evaporating apparatus the principle of which is based on the com-
bination of evaporation by compression and evaporation by multiple effect.
The primary object of the present invention is to render the working of this
combined apparatus more sure and its management more easy.
In order to facilitate the comprehension of the new arrangements hereinafter
described, we will explain that in the specification above named, there were repre-
sented by 3 boilers or pans A A¹ and A" an evaporating apparatus working by triple
effect, and by 3 boilers or pans B B¹ B" the boilers or pans for evaporating by
compression. The said specification contained all necessary explanations for a full
knowledge of the working of the system of evaporating by compression and
multiple effect; and it was therein stated that instead of the three pans B B' B¹¹
only one pan B sufficiently large would answer, and that the pressures and
temperatures in the pans B B¹ B" could be regulated at will.
The improvements which we have introduced in the apparatus the principal
arrangements of which we have just recapitulated are based on the fact, that since

page_text: we can, at will, choose the conditions on which the pans B B¹ and B" shall work
we can make them the same as those of the first pan of the multiple effect battery;
then having for the liquid boiling in the pans B B¹ and B" the same temperature and
the same pressure as for the liquid boiling in the pan A we can connect the steam
from these liquids, which we effect by one or other of the arrangements hereinafter
described.
I. We place the vapor of the liquid boiling in the pan A in communication by
means of a pipe with that of the liquid boiling in pans B B¹ B¹¹; we could also
transform all the pans B B and B into one single pan B and connect by means
of a pipe the vapor of the liquid boiling in this pan B with the vapor of the
liquid boiling in pan A.
It is the arrangement of this connecting pipe which constitutes our first
improvement in the apparatus described in the specification aforesaid.
The communication established by the pipe between the vapor of the liquid in
pan A and that of the liquid in pan B will cause these liquids to boil at the same
temperature because they are submitted to the same pressure.
The compressor P will suck in the vapor coming indiscriminately from the juice
in pan B or from that in pan A; this vapor after being reheated by compression
will proceed to and be condensed in the condenser of pan B only; on the other
hand the motive power steam generated by the boiler G will work in the engine
cylinder C and after expansion will exhaust into the condenser of pan A; it will
there effect the formation of vapor from the juice, which vapor will proceed to
act in the condenser of the pan A' in the manner common to multiple effect
apparatus.
It must be observed that by means of the cominunication established by the
pipe, it will be possible for a part of the vapor from pan A to pass into pan B or
vice versa, the passage of a certain quantity of vapor from the juice of one vessel
into the other vessel taking place in one or other direction in order to compensate
for the variations of pressure, which there would be a tendency to produce, and to
maintain a constant uniform pressure in the two vessels.
The condensers of vessel B will receive only the compressed vapor of the juice
to be evaporated, and the condenser of the vessel A. will receive only the motive
power steam from the generator and having worked in the engine cylinder. If
the condensation waters from these two kinds of vapor or steam have different
properties or uses, it will be possible to collect them separately.
11. The same end will be attained if we combine in one and the same vessel or
pan the two vessels B and A (that is to say the pan heated by the compressed
vapor and the first pan of the multiple effect apparatus heated by the exhaust
.steam from the engine cylinder) provided that care is taken to separate into two
parts the condenser of this vessel, so that one of these parts may receive the vapor
from the juice compressed by the compressor, and the other part, the exhaust steam
from the engine cylinder supplied by the generator.
It is this arrangement which constitutes our second improvement in the apparatus
described in the specification aforesaid.
The juice boiling in the combined vessel is heated at one and the same time by
the condensation of the vapor from the juice after it has been compressed by the
compressor and by the exhaust steam from the engine cylinder. The juice gives off
vapor of which a certain quantity is drawn off by means of a pipe, then compressed
and returned into the condenser of the combined vessel by another pipe; the rest
of the vapor from the juice which has not been taken by the compressor goes into
the condenser of the next pan or vessel where it will produce the usual effects as in
an ordinary multiple effect apparatus.
In this arrangement, as in the preceding one, we can collect separately the
condensation waters produced by the vapors from the juice and from the steam
which has worked in the cylinder because each of these two kinds of vapor or
steam is condensed separately in each of the two parts of the condenser of the
combined vessel, parts which are separated by a partition. This partition may be

page_text: vertical, or the two parts of the condenser may be separated in any manner
appropriate to the end in view which is to Condense the two kinds of steam
independently and to allow of collecting the condensation waters separately.
III. For the case in which there is no object in separating the two kinds of
vapor or steam during their condensation we can further considerably simplify the
apparatus, rendering it at the same time more easy of management.
In this case as in the preceding we unite into one and the same vessel the pan
heated by the vapor from the juice after being compressed and the pan heated by
the exhaust steam from the engine cylinder and which is the first pan of the
multiple effect apparatus, but we do not entirely separate into two parts the
condenser of this pan; on the contrary we send into one and' the same condenser
of the pan both the vapor from the juice compressed by the compressor and the
exhaust steam from the engine cylinder.
This arrangement forms our third improvement in the apparatus described in the
specification aforesaid.
The steam from the juice boiling in the combined vessel or pan communicates
both with the compressor by a pipe and with the condenser of the second pan of
the multiple effect apparatus. The compressor continually draws in a part of the
vapor from the juice boiling in the combined vessel, compresses it and returns it by
a pipe into the condenser of this same vessel; the exhaust steam from the engine
cylinder also goes into the same condenser by a pipe and assists in heating the juice
and in causing vapor to be liberated from this juice. Such quantity of vapor from
the juice as is not drawn off by the compressor goes from the combined vessel into the
condenser of the second pan and there produces the usual effect as in an ordinary
multiple effect apparatus.
The compressed vapor from the compressor and the exhaust steam from the
engine cylinder may go into the condenser of the combined vessel either each
through its own pipe or they may unite in a common pipe where they become
mixed before entering the compressor. The peculiarity of this arrangement being
the mixture of the two heating vapors or steams, it matters not whether this
mixture takes place before the entrance into the condenser or only after having
entered the condenser.
The apparatus for evaporating by compression and multiple effect provided with
one of the 3 arrangements described above, offers all the economical advantages of
the combined apparatus described in the specification aforesaid but each of these
three arrangements has for its aim to add theroto this advantage viz: that the
management of the apparatus is more easy, seeing that there is no occasion to
superintend separately the pressure and the temperature of the liquid which is
boiling in the pan or pans heated by the compressed vapor and those of the liquid
boiling in the first pan of the multiple effect apparatus heated by the exhaust steam
from the engine cylinder. The three arrangements are characterized by the junction
or mixture effected between the vapors or steams coming from the liquid to be
evaporated by these two sources of heat.
In the first arrangement this junction is made by a pipe connecting the vapors
from the liquid which is to be evaporated and which is contained in separate
vessels.
In the second arrangement the heating vapors act separately on one and the
same liquid contained in one and the same vessel so that the vapors from the liquid
produced by the two sources of heat, are mixed immediately on arising from the
liquid.
•
In the third arrangement the two kinds of heating vapor are themselves mixed
in one cominon condenser and act together on the liquid to be evaporated
contained in one and the same vessel in such manner that the vapors from the
liquid produced by the two sources of heat are also mixed even from the moment
of their liberation from the liquid.
Beyond the advantages gained in the management of the apparatus, the two last
arrangements present a great simplicity in the construction of the apparatus by the

page_text: conversion into one and the same vessel of the pan or pans heated by the
compressed vapor with the first pan of the multiple effect apparatus heated by the
exhaust steam.
The result of this conversion is that the apparatus formed by the combination
of a compression apparatus with a quadruple effect apparatus may be composed 5
of four pans only; in other words, the increase of power obtained by the
combination of evaporation by compression with evaporation by multiple effect can
be effected without having a greater number of vessels than is necessary for the
multiple effect alone.
By the expression multiple effect we mean double, triple or quadruple effect or 1
any number of effects.
The evaporating pans have by preference a tubular arrangement, but any other
construction of pans may be employed such for example as "worm pans" and
jacketted pans.
We have not referred to the details of construction and the
accessories of the pans because these details have no particular bearing on the 1
present invention. The same remark applies to the extraction of the warm water
from the condensers and the utilization of the same which may be effected by any
process whatever.
Neither have we referred to the details of construction of the engine cylinder
and the compressor because any suitable arrangement may be employed; we may
employ a vertical or horizontal compressor, either with clack or slide valves, but
we preferably employ the compressing arrangement hereinafter described which
has the advantage of requiring a minimum of moving power and giving a good
result with respect to the volume of vapor aspired.
We have noticed that the presence in a vapor or steam compressor of even a
very small quantity of water (which may be produced by condensation of vapor or
through some of the liquid being carried along, or by any other cause) has a
marked effect in preventing the good working of the compressor and considerably
lessens the result.
Horizontal compressors with clack valves are free from the inconvenience noted
above when their discharge or compression clack valves are placed at the bottom of
the cylinder, so as to discharge the water which the cylinder may contain, at each
stroke of the piston; but these compressors are limited in their dimensions and in
their speed in consequence of the vibrations of the clack valves.
The mixed arrangement of slide and clack valve which we are about to describe
permits of great speed in working without lessening the result and at the same
time it produces an economy in the work of the compressor which is at least equal
to that given by a clack valve arrangement only.
The aspired vapor or steam enters the compressing cylinder by a pipe, the
position of the slide valve being such that the vapor passes under the slide valve
and enters the cylinder by one of two ports communicating respectively with the
two ends of the cylinder. The vapor which is in front of the piston and which
has been aspired by the preceding stroke is compressed and discharged through the
other port and through a corresponding aperture in the slide valve into the
distributing box. From the distributing box the compressed vapor is conducted
to the apparatus where it is to be utilized. There are two apertures in the slide
valve corresponding respectively with two cylinder ports and forming each at the
proper time a communication between the port and the distributing box. Each of
these apertures is fitted with a clack valve which is carried by the slide valve
itself.
When the piston commences its stroke to compress the vapor which fills the
cylinder, this vapor is at the pressure at which it was drawn in from the
evaporating pan or other source whilst the vapor which fills the distributing box is
at the pressure of the compressed vapor. The clack valve which is placed on the
aperture of the slide valve is then applied against this aperture by the pressure
existing in the box; it prevents the pressure of the compressed vapor from acting
on the piston until the pressure of the vapor inside the compressor has become
▲ .

page_text: equal to or slightly greater than the pressure existing in the box. The clack valve
then opens and allows the compressed vapor to escape from the cylinder.
This distributing arrangement might be applied to compressors with the slide
valve placed on the horizontal cylinder of the compressor, but in this case water
which might be formed or carried into the cylinder could not be cleared out at each
stroke of the piston; a small quantity of warm water would therefore remain in
the cylinder at the end of the stroke. This water by giving off vapor when the
piston recommenced its suction stroke would impede the inlet of vapor into the
cylinder and thus detract from the result of the compressor.
We therefore place the slide valve in such a manner that the course taken by
the compressed vapor when issuing from the cylinder keeps descending, or at least
horizontal so as to ensure the expulsion of all the water in the cylinder at each
stroke of the piston. We therefore place the distributing slide valve below the
axis of the cylinder so that the lower edge of the ports as well as the bottom of
the apertures in the valve may be at the same height as or below the lower
generating line of the compression cylinder.
The slide of the slide valve may be placed horizontally under the cylinder or
obliquely or even vertically on the side of the cylinder provided that the essential
end be attained, namely that the course which the compressed steam takes from
the cylinder to the distributing box be horizontal or with a downward inclination.
This arrangement of the compression cylinder permits of all the advantages of
distribution by slide valve and back pressure clack valves being retained whilst at
the same time it presents the advantage of the compressors with clack valves at
the bottom to permit the water which may from any cause be present in the
cylinder to escape.
The clack valves of the slide valves may be constructed in any desired manner;
for example we may use clack valves with horizontal, vertical or oblique hinges, or
round valves with spindle or any other obturator acting as a clack valve; and one
or more clack valves may be placed on each side of the slide valve.
We can employ one slide valve only in the middle of the cylinder or divide this
slide valve into two slide valves placed at each end of the cylinder.
This arrangement of compressor which has been specially designed for com-
pressing the vapors of the juices in apparatus for evaporating by compression and
by multiple effect as herein before described, but is also applicable to compressing
fluids for other purposes, is essentially characterized by the distribution by slide
valve and clack valves arranged in such a manner that the compressed vapor may
follow a horizontal or descending course from the cylinder to the distributing box
in order to ensure the expulsion of the water in the cylinder at each stroke of the
piston. This arrangement combines the advantages of two distinct systems of
distribution as fully shown above.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Jules Weibel and Paul Piccard in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 6th October 1883.
JULES WEIBEL of Geneva. Switzerland and PAUL PICCARD of Lausanne.
Switzerland "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING BY COMPRESSION
AND BY MULTIPLE EFFECT, PART OF THE INVENTION BEING ALSO APPLICABLE TO
COMPRESSING FLUIDS FOR OTHER PURPOSES
"
In the specification of Letters Patent dated 14th December 1878 N° 5143 granted
to Sydney Pitt for an invention.communicated to him by the said Jules Weibel is
described an evaporating apparatus the principle of which is based on the
combination of evaporation by compression and evaporation by multiple effect.
The primary object of the present invention is to render the working of this
combined apparatus more sure and its management more easy.
In order to facilitate the comprehension of the new arrangements hereinafter
described we will explain that in the specification above named, there were
represented by 3 boilers or pans A A¹ and A" an evaporating apparatus working
by triple effect, and by 3 boilers or pans B B B" the boilers or pans for evaporating
by compression. The said Specification contained all necessary explanations for a
full knowledge of the working of the system of evaporating by compression and
multiple effect, and it was therein stated that instead of the three pans B B' B¹¹
only one pan B sufficiently large would answer; and that the pressures and
temperatures in the pans B B' B₁ could be regulated at will.
The improvements which we have introduced in the apparatus the principal
arrangements of which we have just recapitulated are based on the fact, that since
we can, at will, choose the conditions on which the pans B B B shall work we
can make them the same as those of the first pan of the multiple effect battery ;
then having for the liquid boiling in the pans B B' Bч the same temperature and
the same pressure as for the liquid boiling in the pan A we can connect the vapors
or steam from these liquids, which we effect by one or other of the arrangements
hereinafter described.
I. We place the vapor of the liquid boiling in the pan A in commuication by
means of a pipe with that of the liquid boiling in pans B B¹ B¹¹; we could also
transform all the pans B B¹ B" into one single pan B and connect by means of a
pipe the vapor of the liquid boiling in this pan B with the vapor of the liquid
boiling in pan A.
It is the arrangement of this connecting pipe which constitutes our first improve-
ment in the apparatus described in the specification aforesaid.
The arrangement is illustrated in Figure 1, where the pipe in question is
marked m, n. The communication established by this pipe m n between the vapor
of the liquid in pan A and that of the liquid in pan B will cause these liquids to 4
boil at the same temperature because they are submitted to the same pressure.
The compressor P will suck in the vapor coming indiscriminately from the juice
in pan B or from that in pan A; this vapor after being re-heated by compression
will proceed to and be condensed in the condensor of pan B only. On the other
hand the motive power steam generated by the boiler G will work in the Engine 4
cylinder C and after expansion will exhaust into the condensor of pan A; it will
there effect the formation of vapor from the juice which vapor will proceed to
act in the condensor of the pan A' in the manner common to multiple effect
apparatus,

page_text: It must be observed that by means of the communication established by the
pipe, it will be possible for a part of the vapor from pan A to pass into Pan B or
vice versa, the passage of a certain quantity of vapor from the juice of one vessel
into the other vessel taking place in one or other direction in order to compensate
for the variations of pressure which there would be a tendency to produce, and to
maintain a constant uniform pressure in the two vessels.
The condensers of vessel B will receive only the compressed vapor of the juice
to be evaporated, and the condenser of the vessel A will receive only the motive
power steam from the generator G and having worked in the engine cylinder C.
If the condensation waters from these two kinds of vapor or steam have different
properties or uses, it will be possible to collect them separately.
II. The same end will be attained if we combine in one and the same vessel or
pan the two vessels B and A (that is to say, the pan heated by the compressed
vapor and the first pan of the multiple effect apparatus heated by the exhaust
steam from the engine cylinder C) provided that care is taken to separate the
condenser of this vessel into two parts so that one of these parts may receive the
vapor from the juice compressed by the compressor P and the other part, the
exhaust steam from the engine cylinder C supplied by the generator.
It is this arrangement which constitutes our second improvement in the apparatus
described in the Specification aforesaid. The arrangement is illustrated in
Figure 2.
The juice boiling in the combined vessel A. is heated at one and the same time
by the condensation of the vapor from the juice after it has been compressed by
the compressor P (this steam entering the condenser by the pipe ef) and by the
exhaust steam from the engine cylinder C (this steam entering the condenser by
the pipe a b). The juice gives off vapor of which a certain quantity is drawn off
by the compressor P by means of a pipe c d then compressed and returned into the
condenser of the vessel A by the pipe ef; the rest of the vapor from the juice
which has not been taken by the compressor goes into the condenser of the next
pan or vessel A¹ where it will produce the usual effects as in an ordinary multiple
effect apparatus.
In this arrangement as in the preceding one, we can collect separately the
condensation waters produced by the vapor from the juice and from the steam
which has worked in the cylinder O because each of these two kinds of vapor or
steam is condensed separately in each of the two parts of the condenser of the
vessel A parts which are separated by a partition o p. This partition may be
vertical or the two parts of the condenser may be separated in any manner appro-
priate to the end in view which is to condense the two kinds of steam independently.
and to allow of collecting the condensation waters separately.
III. For the case in which there is no object in separating the two kinds of
vapor or steam during their condensation we can further considerably simplify the
apparatus, rendering it at the same time more easy of management.
In this case as in the preceding we unite into one and the same vessel the pan
heated by the vapor from the juice after being compressed and the pan heated by
the exhaust steam from the engine cylinder and which is the first pan of the
multiple effect apparatus, but we do not entirely separate into two parts the
condenser of this pan, on the contrary we send into one and the same condenser
of the pan both the vapor from the juice compressed by the compressor and the
exhaust steam from the engine cylinder.
This arrangement forms our third improvement in the apparatus described in
the specification aforesaid and is illustrated in Figure 3.
The steam from the juice boiling in the combined vessel or pan A communicates
both with the compressor by a pipe c d and with the condenser of the second
pan A' of the multiple effect apparatus. The compressor continually draws in a
part of the vapor from the juice boiling in the vessel A, compresses it and returns
it by the pipe efb into the condensor of this same vessel; the exhaust steam from
the engine cylinder C also goes into the same condensor by the pipe af b

page_text: and assists in heating the juice and in causing vapor to be liberated from this
juice. Such quantity of vapor from the juice as is not drawn of by the compressor
goes from the vessel A into the condenser of the pan A' and there produces the
usual effect as in an ordinary multiple effect apparatus.
The compressed vapor from the compressor, and the exhaust steam from the
engine cylinder may go into the condenser of the vessel A either each through its
own pipe or they may unite in a. common pipe fb where they become mixed
before entering the condenser. The peculiarity of this arrangement being the
mixture of the two heating vapors or steams, it matters not whether this mixture
takes place before their entrance into the condensor or only after having entered
the condenser.
The apparatus for evaporating by compression and multiple effect provided with
one of the three arrangements described above, offers all the economical advantages
of the combined apparatus described in the specification aforesaid; but each of
these 3 arrangements has for its aim to add thereto this advantage viz: that the
management of the apparatus is more easy, seeing that there is no occasion to
superintend separately the pressure and the temperature of the liquid which is
boiling in the pan or pans heated by the compressed vapor and those of the liquid
boiling in the first pan of the multiple effect apparatus heated by the exhaust steam
from the engine cylinder. The 3 arrangements are characterized by the junction or
mixture effected between the vapors or steams coming from the liquid to be
evaporated by these 2 sources of heat.
In the first arrangement, this junction is made by a pipe connecting the vapors
from the liquid which is to be evaporated and which is contained in separate
vessels.
In the second arrangement the heating vapors act separately on one and the
same liquid contained in one and the same vessel so that the vapors from the liquid
produced by the 2 sources of heat, are mixed immediately on arising from the
liquid.
In the third arrangement the two kinds of heating vapor are themselves mixed
in one common condensor and act together on the liquid to be evaporated contained
in one and the same vessel in such manner that the vapors from the liquid pro-
duced by the two sources of heat are also mixed even from the moment of their
liberation from the liquid.
Beyond the advantages gained in the management of the apparatus, the two last
arrangements present a great simplicity in the construction of the apparatus by
the conversion into one and the same vessel of the pan or pans heated by the
compressed vapor with the first pan of the multiple effect apparatus heated by the
exhaust steam. The result of this conversion is that the apparatus formed by the
combination of a compression apparatus with a quadruple effect apparatus may be
composed of 4 pans only; in other words the increase of power obtained by the
combination of evaporation by compression with evaporation by multiple effect
can be effected without having a greater number of vessels than is necessary for
the multiple effect alone.
By the expression multiple effect we mean, double, triple or quadruple effect or
any number of effects.
The evaporating pans have by preference a tubular arrangement as shewn in the
figures but any
other construction of pans may be employed such for example as
$6 worm pans and jacketted pans. We have not referred to the details of
construction and the accessories of the pans because these details have no particular
bearing on the present invention The same remark applies to the extraction of
the warm water from the condensers and the utilization of the same, which may be
effected by any process whatever.
Neither have we referred to the details of construction of the engine cylinder
and the compressor because any suitable arrangement may be employed; we may
employ a vertical or horizontal compressor, either with clack or slide valves, but we
preferably employ the compressing arrangement hereinafter described which has the

page_text: advantage of requiring a minimum of moving power and giving a good result
with respect to the volume of vapour aspired.
We have noticed that the presence in a vapor or steam compressor of even a
very small quantity of water (which may be produced by condensation of vapor or
through some of the liquid being carried along, or by any other cause) has a marked
effect in preventing the good working of the compressor and considerably lessens
the result.
Horizontal compressors with clack valves are free from the inconvenience noted
above when their discharge or compression clack valves are placed at the bottom
of the cylinder so as to discharge the water which the cylinder may contain at
each stroke of the piston; but these compressors are limited in their dimensions
and in their speed in consequence of the vibrations of the clack valves.
The mixed arrangement of slide and clack valve which we are about to describe
and which is represented in figure 4 permits of great speed in working without
lessening the result and at the same time it produces an economy in the work of
the compressor which is at least equal to that given by a clack valve arrangement
only.
The aspired vapor or steam enters the compressing cylinder by a pipe I, the
position of the slide valve being such (as seen in the figure) that the vapor passes
under the slide valve T and enters the cylinder by the port N¹
The vapor
which is in front of the piston and which has been aspired by the preceding stroke
is compressed and discharged into the distributing box L through the port N and
through the aperture O in the slide valve T. From the distributing box L the
compressed vapor is conducted to the apparatus where it is to be utilized. There
are 2 apertures O and O¹ in the slide valve corresponding respectively with the
two cylinder ports and forming each at the proper time a communication between
the port and the distributing box. Each of these apertures is fitted with a clack
valve F F which is carried by the slide valve itself.
When the piston commences its stroke to compress the vapor which fills the
cylinder, this vapor is at the pressure at which it was drawn in from the
evaporating pan or other source whilst the vapor which fills the distributing box L
is at the pressure of the compressed vapor. The clack valve F which is placed on
the aperture O of the slide valve is then applied against this aperture by the
pressure existing in the box ;L; it prevents the pressure of the compressed
vapor from acting on the piston until the pressure of the vapor inside the
compressor has become equal to or slightly greater than the pressure existing in
the box L The clack valve F then opens and allows the compressed vapor to
escape from the cylinder.
•
This distributing arrangement might be applied to compressors with the slide
valve placed on the horizontal cylinder of the compressor but in this case water
which might be formed or carried into the cylinder could not be cleared out at each
stroke of the piston: a small quantity of warm water would therefore remain in
the cylinder at the end of the stroke. This water by giving off vapor when the
piston recommenced its suction stroke would impede the inlet of vapor into the
cylinder and thus detract from the result of the compressor.
We therefore place the slide valve in such a manner that the course taken by the
compressed vapor when issuing from the cylinder keeps descending or at least
horizontal so as to ensure the expulsion of all the water in the cylinder at each
stroke of the piston. With this object we place the distributing slide valve bolow
the axis of the cylinder so that the lower edge of the ports as well as the bottom
of the apertures 0 0' in the valve may be at the same height as or below the
lower generating line K of the compression cylinder (see Figure 6).
The slide G H of the slide valve may be placed horizontally under the cylinder
or obliquely or even vertically on the side of the cylinder as in Figures 5 and 6
provided that the essential end be attained namely that the course which the
compressed steam takes from the cylinder to the distributing box L be horizontal
or with a downward inclination.

page_text: This arrangement of the compression cylinder permits of all the advantages of
distribution by slide valve and back pressure clack valves being retained whilst at
the same time it presents the advantage of the compressors with clack valves at
the bottom to permit the water which may from any cause be present in the
cylinder to escape.
The clack valves of the slide valves may be constructed in any desired manner;
for example we may use clack valves with horizontal, vertical or oblique hinges,
or round valves with spindle or any other obturator acting as a clack valve; and
one or more clack valves may be placed on each side of the slide valve.
We can employ one slide valve only in the middle of the cylinder as in
Figure 4, or divide this slide valve into two slide valves placed at each end of the
cylinder.
This arrangement of compressor which has been specially designed for compressing
the vapors of the juices in apparatus for evaporating by compression and by
multiple effect as hereinbefore described, but is also applicable to compressing fluids
for other purposes, is essentially characterized by the distribution by slide valve
and clack valves, arranged in such a manner that the compressed vapor may follow
a horizontal or descending course from the cylinder to the distributing box in order
to ensure the expulsion of the water in the cylinder at each stroke of the piston.―
This arrangement combines the advantages of two distinct systoms of distribution
as fully shown above.
Having now described the nature of our said invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed we declare that we claim :-
First-Constructing apparatus for evaporating by compression and by multiple
effect in such manner that the vapor from the liquid which is being evaporated by
the compressed steam becomes mixed with the vapor from the liquid which is being
evaporated by the exhaust steam from the engine cylinder substantially as and for
the purpose hereinbefore described.
Second: The several arrangements of apparatus herein before described and
represented respectively in Figures 1, 2 and 3 and acting in the manner set forth
for evaporating by compression and by multiple effect.
Third: Constructing compressors for compressing vapor for use in apparatus for
evaporating by compression and by multiple effect or for other purposes with a
distributing slide valve fitted with clack valves and so placed that the compressed
vapor follows a horizontal or a downward course from the cylinder to the distributing
box substantially as and for the purpose herein before described and represented
in the annexed drawings.
In witness whereof I the said Jules Weibel for myself and on behalf of the
said Paul Piccard have hereunto set my hand and Seal this fifth day of October
One thousand eight hundred and eighty three.
TILLES WEIREL (T.S)