Improvements in Boilers or Steam Generators, and in the Furnaces Used in connection therewith.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd June, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 20th Mar., 1897-Accepted, 5th Jun, 1817
Improvements in Boilers or Steam Generators, and in the Furnaces
Used in connection therewith.
We, WILLIAM WILKINSON, of the Firm of J. Wilkinson and Sons, of Saltley.
in the City of Birmingham, Manufacturers, and GEORGE SELLERS, of 24, Bradfield
Road, Owlerton, near Sheffield, in the County of York, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as followe:-
This invention consists of improvements in boilers or steam generators, our
object being to construct a compact and convenient apparatus for the rapid and
economical production of high pressure or superheated steam, and to adapt the
same for attachment to auto-cars or for other required services.
:
In the application of our invention we form the body of our improved generator
with a longitudinally corrugated open ended tube preferably of copper, the upper
end of the tube abutting against the under side of the base of the coal hopper,, :
having bye passes formed for flame and smoke to pass through, whilst the lower
end is attached to the fire box or furnace hereinafter described. Within the tube
we arrange a coil of small copper piping, the external diameter of the coil,
corresponding with the minimum internal diameter of the corrugated pipe, sufficient
clearance being provided to permit of the ready insertion and withdrawal of the
coil. The various rings of the coil are arranged to lie closely together, except at
the positions at which we require to form a communicating space between the
interior and the exterior of the coil. At such positions we arrange that the adjacent
rings shall be at such a distance apart as to give a communicating space of the
required area. The complete coil is suspended from the base of the coal hopper by
bolting thereto its screwed ends, or by connecting it in any other convenient
manner.
We enclose the corrugated tube having the coil suspended within it by a plain
tube preferably of steel, making it of such a diameter as to provide a flue space
between its interior surface and the exterior surface of the corrugated tube. We
enclose both the outer and inner tubes of the generator within an iron or steel
casing, and fill up the intervening space between the casing and the outer tube with
any suitable non-conducting material.
A
When employing solid fuel with our improved generator we arrange the upper
part of the casing as a coal hopper, forming the base of the hopper with a plate
preferably of cast iron which we bolt or otherwise secure within the casing. The
ends of the copper coil are attached to this plate, and the complete coil suspended
from the same as herein before described. We preferably form with the hopper
base plate a central flue which projects into the coil, and arrange the upper end of
the same to a cup like or conical configuration for the reception of a conical plug
or valve operated by a screw and lever, or in any other convenient manner for the
regulation of the admission of fuel to the fire box.
The fire box or furnace is suspended by a hooked rod or rods, or by other means,
from the lower end of the central flue, and we arrange for the admission of air to
the furnace in any convenient and ordinary manner.
The flame and hot gases from the fire box ascend through the centre of the coil
and the central flue, and also through the longitudinal or vertical spaces between

page_text: the exterior of the coil and the maximum internal diameter of the corrugated tube,
and by the provision of the communicating spaces herein before described, the
gases can flow from the inside to the outside of the coil or vice versa, whilst a ascending.
At the upper end of the corrugated tube the gases flow into the flue space herein-
before described between the inner and outer tubes, and in descending through
such flue we compel the gases to take a spiral course by the provision of a spiral
diaphragm or plate which we fit within the flue. After thus traversing through
the spiral external flue, the smoke and gases are discharged to atmosphere from
the open end or mouth of the flue.
We provide a damper in any convenient position within the spiral flue, and
arrange for the operation of the same for the regulation of the draught by means
of a lever or in any other ordinary manner.
The feed water is conveyed to one end of the copper coil by a feed pipe arranged
preferably in a coil form within the spiral flue, and receives sufficient heat in
traversing through such external coil to convert it into steam. The steam is
conveyed through the inner coil and becomes superheated and raised to a high
pressure before passing to the engine or motor, or to the other service for which it
is required.
Instead of solid fuel we sometimes empley oil or liquid fuel, preferably burning
the same in suitable lamps which we arrange within the fire box suspended from
the central flue tube as herein before described.
We sometimes employ a group of coils with their enclosing pipes and external
spiral flues in the construction of our improved generator, and we make other
modifications to meet the requirements of varying services.
In the adaption of our improved boiler or generator for attachment to an
auto-car we provide any suitable means for suspending the boiler from the under-
frame of the vehicle in such a. position that its lower end shall be near to the
ground level, and arrange the gauges and controlling valves within sight and
convenient access of the driver.
Dated this 22nd day of June 1896.
MARKS & CLERK,
18 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13 Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicants.
Improvements in Boilers or Steam Generators, and in the Furnaces
Used in connection therewith.
W
WILLIAM WILKINSON, of the Firm of J. Wilkinson & Sons, of Saltley,
in the City of Birmingham, Manufacturers, and GEORGE SELLERS, of 24 Bradfield
Road, Owlerton, near Sheffield, in the County of York, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention consists of improvements in boilers or steam generators, our
object being to construct a compact and convenient apparatus for the rapid and
economical production of high pressure or super-heated steam, and to adapt the
same for attachment to auto-cars or for other required services.
In the accompanying sheet of explanatory drawings to be hereinafter
referred to.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation and Figure 2 a sectional plan representing one
form of our improved generator as arranged for burning solid fuel.

page_text: Figure 3 is a sectional end elevation and Figure 4 a sectional side elevation of
another form of our boiler or generator as arranged for oil fuel..
..Figure 5 is a sectional view, to a larger scale, of the oil vaporiser.
The same reference letters in the different views indicate the same parts.
In the application of our invention we form the body of our improved generator
with a longitudinally corrugated open ended tube as A preferably of copper, the
upper end of the tube abutting against the under side of the base B of the coal
hopper C, having bye passes formed for the flame and smoke to pass through,
whilst the lower end is attached to or fits within the fire box or furnace hereinafter
described. Within the body tube A we arrange a coil D of small copper tube or
piping the external diameter of the coil corresponding with the minimum internal
diameter of the corrugated pipe, sufficient clearance being provided to permit of
the ready insertion and withdrawal of the coil. The various rings of the coil are
arranged to lie closely together, except at the positions at which we require to
form a communicating space between the interior and the exterior of the coil.
At such positions we arrange that the adjaceut rings shall be at such a distance
apart as to give a communicating space of the required area. The complete coil is
suspended from the base of the coal hopper by bolting thereto its screwed
ends D' D, or by connecting it in any other convenient manner.
We enclose the corrugated tube having the coil suspended within it by a plain
tube E preferably of steel, making it of such a diameter as to provide a flue
space F between its interior surface and the exterior surface of the corrugated
tuhe. We enclose both the outer and inner tubes E and D of the generator
within an iron or steel casing G and fill up the intervening space between the
casing and the outer tube with any suitable non-conducting material H.
When employing solid fuel with our improved generator we arrange the upper
part of the casing as a coal hopper forming the base of the hopper with a plate B
preferably of cast iron which we bolt or otherwise secure within the casing. The
ends of the copper coil are attached to this plate, and the complete coil suspended.
from the same, as hereinbefore described. We preferably form with the hopper
base plate a central flue B¹ which projects into the coil, and arrange the upper end
of the same to a cup like or conical configuration for the reception of a conical
plug or valve J operated by a screw and lever, or in any other convenient manner
for the regulation of the admission of fuel to the fire box.
The fire box or furnace K is suspended by a hooked rod or rods, or by other
means, from the lower end of the central flue, and we arrange for the admission of
air to the furnace in any convenient and ordinary manner.
".
The flame and hot gases from the fire box ascend through the centre of the coil
and the central flue, and also through the longitudinal or vertical spaces between.
the exterior of the coil and the maximum internal diameter of the corrugated tube,
and by the provision of the communicating spaces as L L¹, the gases can flow from
the inside to the outside of the coil or, vice-versa, whilst ascending. At the upper
end of the corrugated tube the gases flow into the flue space herein before described
between the inner and outer tubes, and in descending through such flue we compel
the gases to take a spiral course by the provision of a spiral diaphragm or plate M
which we fit within the flue. After thus traversing through the spiral external
flue, the smoke and gases are discharged to atmosphere from the open end or
mouth of the flue.
We provide a damper N in any convenient position within the spiral flue, and
arrange for the operation of the same for the regulation of the draught by means
of a lever or in any other ordinary manner.
The feed water is conveyed to one end as D¹ of the copper coil by a feed pipe
arranged preferably in a coil form within the spiral flue, and receives sufficient
beat in traversing such external coil to convert it into steam. The steam is
conveyed through the inner coil and becomes super-heated and raised to, a
pressure before passing from the opposite end D' to the engine or motor,
other service for which it is required.
high
to the

page_text: Instead of solid fuel we sometimes employ oil or liquid fuel, preferably burning
the same in a furnace as at O Figures 3 and 4 and as shown in the detail view at
Figure 5. The oil is conveyed to the interior of the vaporiser illustrated in
section at Figure 5, by the pipe or tube P. The vaporised oil passes through
apertures as P to the exterior of the vaporiser where it inixes with air arising
from the grate Q and is burued. The vaporiser is suspended in the same manner
as the solid fuel fire box herein before described. A fire brick or other heat
retaining block as R is fitted at the upper end of the vaporiser; any liquid oil'
carried through the apertures P¹ is arrested by the asbestos lined troughs P³ on
the exterior of the vaporiser.
We sometimes employ a group of coils with their euclosing pipes and external
spiral flues in the construction of our improved generator, and we make other
modifications to meet the requirements of varying services.
In our generator as illustrated at Figures 3 and 4 we employ two coils in
conjunction with U shaped tubes as S through which the feed water is first passed
before entering the coils. The steam passes from the coils to the superheating.
chamber T fitted with tubes T¹. We also employ additional tubes as T2 in
connection with the intermediate chamber U.
In the adaption of our improved boiler or generator for attachment to an
auto-car we provide any suitable means for suspending the boiler from the under-
frame of the vehicle in such a position that its lower end shall be near to the
ground level, and arrange the gauges and controlling valves within sight and
convenient access of the driver.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is.-
1. The improved steam boilers or generators and furnaces used in connection
therewith constructed and arranged substantially as described and as illustrated.
. 2. A steam boiler or generator having an external casing with its upper portion
arranged as a coal or fuel hopper and having suspendel from the hopper base plate
a coiled water tube of such form and so arranged that the ascending hot gaseous
products of combustion will pass in contact with the exterior and interior of the
coil substantially as described and as illustrated.
3. In steam boilers or generators the combination in one external casing of the
tubes A and E having a flue space between them and the coil D arranged above
the furnace, substantially as described and as illustrated at Figures 1 and 2.
4. In steam boilers or generators the combination comprising a
plate as B having a central flue as B', with the suspended furnace or fire box as K,
hopper base
substantially as described and as illustrated at Figures 1 and 2.
5. In steam boilers or generators such as described and illustrated means
whereby the hot gaseous products of combustion are caused to take a spiral course
through the flue space substantially as set forth.
.
6. The arrangement of steam boilers or generators such as described and
illustrated for the burning of oil or liquid fuel, as set forth.
7. In steam boilers or generators the combination with coiled water tubes of
supplementary tubes and superheating appliances substantially as described and as
illustrated at Figures 3 and 4.
MARKS & CLERK,
18 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13 Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicants.