IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WIRE FENCING די WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William James Smith Engineer Inverness North Britain
for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WIRE FENCING
די
WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William James Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th March 1883.
WILLIAM JAMES SMITH Engineer Inverness North Britain IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF WIRE FENCING WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE
FOR OTHER PURPOSES
This invention which relates to improvements in Wire Fencing has reference to
the means whereby wires ropes or Chains are strained and held in position and the
object of one part of my invention is to strain or tighten and hold in check the
said wires ropes or chains by means at once simple powerful and economical to
manufacture. One essential feature in this respect being to attain these objects by
utilizing the straining posts or standards or supports as the axis on which the
winder may be rotated thus dispensing with the necessity for employing separate
axles, bearings brackets or supports One modification for example of my improve-
ment in this respect consists in constructing the winder of iron steel or other inetal
having one or inore flanges perforated toothed checked or studded or bossed or
angular in shape by virtue of which levers or other means may be applied for
rotating the winders on which a portion of, wires ropes or chains are wound and
the straining action so produced, the body or barrel of the winders being formed to
admit the straining post standard or supporting rod, which on being passed
through or placed within the said winders. forms the axis on which the wires are
[rotated,
Another essential improvement consists in the means whereby these winders
with the strain upon them are securely held in position so as to prevent the wires
ropes or chains running loose this I accomplish by stopping the wires or ropes as
the case may be at or about a point where the straight portion of the strained wire
comes in contact with that coiled on the winder. The said stop may consist for

page_text: :
instance of a bolt stud or staple of iron steel or other metal being passed through
perforations or checks in the shrouds flanges or rims of the winders in such a
position as to bear against the outside of a portion of the sufficiently strained wires
ropes or chains; or in similar manner. One or more protuberances formed on
the flanges or the end of the wire if passed round and secured to the strained
portion of itself will act equally well. The stop may also consist of a hook bridle
or shackle or cap properly secured to the winder and bearing on the wire in
manner similar to that already described. By means of the application of this stop
the direction of strain on the winder which would otherwise cause it to unwind is
intercepted and reversed so as efficiently to counteract the tendency to recoil or
loosen the wire rope or. chain wound upon the barrel. My improved winder by a
slight modification in construction may be conveniently and economically applied as
collars sheaves or rollers for attaching the wire upon round or angular posts or
standards and so dispensing with the necessity for perforating said posts or
standards These improvements are applicable to different varieties of fencing and
may be conveniently employed for other similar purposes and my method of
stopping the wires from running may be also advantageously employed in
connection with winding brackets and contrivances at present in use.
One or
more wires ropes or Chains may be strained from different directions and at various
angles simultaneously or separately by my improved winders which are also
applicable to all sections of straining posts. Standards or supporting rods. whether
solid or tubular. I therefore do not confine myself to the precise details herein
before given as for example. In using these improved winders in conjunction with
any angular or other shaped sections of straining posts or standards I apply a
metal ferrule or bush having its internal shape corresponding to the section of the
said angular or other shaped straining post and its outer surface of suitable shape
for the winder to rotate upon smoothly a wedge may be inserted between the
winder and post and a cap or cover also may be placed on the whole or any portion
of the winders to protect them from interference or the effects of the weather.
My improvements in connection with wire Fencing further consist in the means
I adopt for attaching and securing wires, particularly those termed strand and
spiked or barbed wires. to standards droppers or other uprights of wire fences with
two holes for each wire in place of one as at present the second hole being so
. punched that it will cut the connection betwixt the one edge of the upright and
the outside edge of hole for wire. the punching which will drop from this second
hole will be replaced when it is desired to secure the wire to the standard and in
this way the wire will be securely held in position and the standard will regain
its complete appearance By a second modification intended for purposes similar
to those related above but more particularly applicable to the top and bottom
wires on what are known as droppers for Fences of the Corrimony design I place 4
on the upper or lower or both ends of said dropper a metal socket having a slot
for receiving the wire and a hole for receiving the wedge which on being applied
secures the socket to the upright at the same time holds the end of the upright
-hard against the wire which had previously been placed within the slot.
As a further improvement in the construction of wire fencing I describe a 4
method for connecting the ends of wires by means of a jointed coupling having
one passage for the wires which passage or hole is intersected by a recessed centre
in the coupling into this recess and between the two wires to be held I insert
a loose socket or double liner in order to preserve the wires from being chaffed or
injured when the friction is brought to bear. I then insert in the centre of all a 5
conical shaped plug or tongue having notched head and point threaded with screw.
by means of which I apply sufficient friction to twist or secure the whole together.
My further improvements in connection with wire fencing consist in constructing a
Portable Wire Fence which can be conveniently moved from place to place
I construct this portable wire fence with a roller or carriage at each end and at 5
such intervals, throughout the Fence as may be called for These rollers or
carriages may be Cylindrical-or of other convenient shape and by means of their

page_text: greater diameter at one end when moved along they will tend to run slightly
outwards and so retain the wires in tension.
These Rollers may also be flanged to attain these objects and an ordinary Farm
Roller may be applied and utilized in many instances as main straining rollers for
this system of Fencing. As regards intermediate supports for the wires I carry
each of these on a wheel. which will roll in line when the ends or main rollers are
drawn or set in motion
The said rollers or carriages may be constructed to act as a reel on which stated
lengths or sections of the Fence would be coiled for transit over long distances
and they may also be made to hold food. water, or any ballast that may be
desired This plan is adaptable for Corrimony and other many kinds of Wire.
Fencing as also for wire netting, barbed Fencing and ropes as well as for other
similar purposes.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William James Smith in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
29th September 1883.
WILLIAM JAMES SMITH Engineer, Inverness North Britain IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF WIRE FENCING WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE
FOR OTHER PURPOSES
This Invention which relates to improvements in wire fencing has reference to
the means whereby wires, ropes, or chains are strained and held in position; and
the object of one part of my invention is to strain or tighten and hold in check the
said wires ropes or chains by means at once simple, powerful, and economical to
manufacture. One essential feature in this respect being to attain these objects by
utilising the straining posts or standards or supports as the axes on which the
winder may be rotated thus dispensing with the necessity for employing separate
axles, bearings, brackets or supports. One modification, for example, of my
improvements in this respect consists in constructing, the winders of iron, steel or
other metal having one or more flanges perforated, toothed, checked, studded or
bossed, or angular in shape, by virtue of which, levers or other means may be
applied for rotating the winders, on which a portion of the wires, ropes, or chains
are wound, and the straining action so produced, the body or barrel of the winders
being formed to admit the straining post standard or supporting rod which being
passed through or placed within the said winders forms the axis on which the
winders are rotated
Another essential improvement consists in the means whereby these winders,
with the strain upon them, are securely held in position so as to prevent the wires,
ropes or chains running loose. This I accomplish by stopping the wires or ropes,
as the case may be, at or about a point where the straight portion of the strained
wire comes in contact with that coiled on the winder. The stop may consist, for
instance, of a bolt stud or staple of iron steel or other metal being passed through
perforations or checks in the shrouds, flanges or rims of the winders in such a
position as to bear against the outside of a portion of the sufficiently strained wires
ropes or chains or in a similar manner, one, or more protuberances formed on the
flanges, or the end of the wire if passed round and secured to the strained portion
of itself will act equally well. The stop may also consist of a hook, bridle, ratchet,
shackle, or cap, properly secured to the winder and bearing on the wire in manner
similar to that already described. By means of the application of this stop the
direction of the strain on the winder, which would otherwise cause it to unwind, is
intercepted and reversed, so as efficiently to counteract the tendency to recoil or
loosen the wire rope or chain wound upon the barrel-My improved winder by a
slight modification in construction may be conveniently and economically used as
collars sheaves or rollers for attaching the wire upon round or angular posts or
standards and so dispensing with the necessity for perforating such posts or
standards. These improvements are applicable to different varieties of fencing and
may be conveniently employed for other analogous purposes and my method of
stopping the wires from running back may be also advantageously employed in
connection with winding brackets and contrivances at present in use as well as for
setting up standing rigging on board ship. One or more wires ropes or chains may
be strained from different directions and at various angles simultaneously or
separately by my improved winders, which are also applicable to all sections of
straining posts standards or supporting rods whether solid or tubular. I therefore
do not confine myself to the precise details herein given, as for example, In using

page_text: these improved winders in conjunction with any angular or other shaped sections
of straining posts or standards, I apply a metal ferrule or bush having its internal
shape corresponding to the section of the said angular or other shaped straining
post or support, and its outer surface of suitable shape for the winder to rotate
upon smoothly. A wedge may be inserted between the winder and post and a cap
or cover also may be placed over the whole or any portion of the winders to protect
them from interference or the effects of the weather
My improvements in connection with wire fencing further consists in the means
I adopt for attaching and securing wires particularly those termed strand, spiked
and barbed wires to standards droppers or other uprights of wire fences. Onė
method is to perforate the uprights with two holes for each wire in place of one as
at present the second hole being so punched that it will cut the connection between
the one edge of the upright and the outside edge of the hole for wire the punching
which will drop from this second hole, will be replaced when it is desired to secure
the wire to the standard and in this way the wire will be securely held in position;
and the standard will regain its complete appearance. By a second modification
intended for purposes similar to those related above but more particularly
applicable to the top and bottom wires on what are known as "Droppers" for
fences of the Corrimony design I place on the upper or lower or both ends of the
said Dropper a metal socket having a slot for receiving the wire and a hole for
receiving the wedge which, on being applied, secures the socket to the upright and
at the same time holds the ends of the upright hard against the wire which had
previously been placed within the slot. As a further improvement in the con-
struction of wire fencing I describe a method for connecting the ends of wires by
means of a jointed coupling having one passage for the wires which passage or hole
is intersected by a recessed centre in the coupling Into this recess and between
the two wires to be held I insert a loose socket or double liner in order to preserve
the wires from being chafed or injured when the friction is brought to bear, I then
insert in the centre of all a conical shaped plug or tongue having notched head and
point threaded with a screw by means of which I apply sufficient friction to twist
or secure the whole together My further improvements in connection with Wire
Fencing consists in constructing a Portable Wire Fence which can be conveniently
moved from place to place. I construct this portable Wire fence with a roller or
carriage at each end and at such intervals throughout the fence as may be called
for. These rollers or carriages may be Cylindrical, conical or of other convenient
shape, and by means of their greater diameter at one end when moved along they
will tend to run slightly outwards and so retain the wires in tension. These rollers
may also be flanged to attain these objects and an ordinary farm roller may be
applied and utilised in many instances as main straining Rollers for this system of
Fencing. As regards intermediate supports for the wires I carry each of these. on
a wheel which will roll in line or nearly so, when the ends or main. Rollers are
drawn or set in Motion.. The said. Rollers or carriages may be constructed to act
as a recl on which stated lengths or sections of the fence would be coiled for transit
over long distances, and they may also be made to hold food, water, or any ballast
that may be desired. This plan is adaptable for corrimony and many other kinds
of wire Fencing, and also for wire netting barbed fencing, and ropes as well as for
other similar purposes And in order that my said invention may be more clearly
understood reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings in which
similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures
Figure 1 is a plan view of the upper flange of one of my winders a is the flange
bb are slots for receiving the stop pin c
Figure 2 is an élevation of the same winder d is the post or support on which it
is fitted a is the upper flange and a¹ the lower fange which are united by the short
Cylindrical portion a² e is a provision for taking the end of the wire and binding it
previously to winding for tightening. When the wire is made sufficiently taut,
the pin c is inserted which prevents the winder from turning and unwinding the
wire by its tension.

page_text: Figure 3 is a section on the line, 1, 1, of Figure 2 and Figure 4 is a section on
the line 2, 2, of Figure 2
↑
1
Figure 5 is a top view of another form of winder on the same principle The
collar is formed as shewn in Figure 7 and is placed on the standard or post d as
shewn in Figure 0. A shackle g is formed as shewn in Figure 8. This is bent
double as shewn in Figure 6 and fits loosely above and below the collar. The end
of the wire f being secured in e, the flange and collar is turned with a spanner
until the wire is taut, the shackle g is then pressed against the side of the wire and
the pin is inserted, which effectually prevents the collar from turning and
unwinding the wire
Figure 9 is a top view of a collar or sheave for retaining the wire against the
support d Figure 10 is a side view of the same. Figure 11 is a Section on the
line 1, 1, of Figure 10, but with the wedge and wire removed Figure 12 is a
Section of the collar only on the line 2, 2, of Figure 11. It will be seen that the
collar is cut away between the flanges at a³ This allows the wire to assume contact
with d against which it is forcibly pressed by the wedge h and sufficient pinch is
afforded to keep the collar and wire in position
Figure 13 is a front elevation of a dropper or snaptop socket for holding the
wire. Figure 14 is a side view of the same d is the support or standard the top of
which is cut in a diagonal direction. The cap k is placed over d the wire is then
placed in position, the cap k is then pressed or struck down to clasp the wire,
and the wedge or tapered pin is inserted and driven in which completes the
operation
Figure 15 is a perspective view of another mode of holding the wires of barbed
and other fences. Two holes are punched in the support or standard the first to
hold the wire, and the second to effect an entrance for the wire and afterwards
retain the rivet or punching. m is the first hole and n is the piece which is
secondly punched out and reinserted as shewn.
Figure 16 is a top view and Figure 17 is a Section on the line 3, 3, of Figure 16
without the wire, In this form the top flange a and bottom flange a¹ of the collar
are serrated or formed as ratchets. The shackle g takes into these ratchets at o,
and the wire is thus made taut, and no pin is required
Figure 18 is another form of shackle which is doubled or bent as shewn in
Figure 20-Figure 19 is a top view of the flange and Figure 20 is a side view of
the flange collar and, shackle. By rotating the collar with a spanner the wire
is made taut and the ratchet engages the pin and prevents it running back or
unwinding.
Figure 21 illustrates the mode of transporting and setting up the fences as
herein before described.
When desired caps are fitted to the standards or posts to protect the unders from
the weather.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I wish it to be
understood that I am aware that several forms of winders have been used which
use the upright or pillar as their axis but they all require to have an appliance
driven between the winder and the pillar such as a key in a keyway or seat or a
hole in the winder and pillar through which a pin is driven as means to prevent
the wire and winder from running back but my invention on the contrary requires
no such connection between the pillar and the winder, as the stop is, in all cases, so
arranged in the winder as to impinge against the wire
I claim
1. The method means and appliances for winding or coiling wires and for
preventing the same from unwinding or uncoiling by means of a pin or other portion
of the apparatus impinging against the wire in combination with winders which
utilize the upright as an axis substantially as herein before described and shewn on
the Drawings Figures 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 16. 17. 18, 19 and 20.
2. The method means and appliances for sustaining and retaining wires, and

page_text: analogous appliances against the post or other support substantially as hereinbefore
described and shewn on the Drawings Figures 9, 10. 11 and 12.
3. The method means and appliances of the dropper attachment substantially as
and for the purpose herein before described and shewn on the Drawings Figures 13
and 14.
4 The method of mounting or attaching barbed and other wires to supports
substantially as and for the purpose herein before described and shewn in Figure 15
of the Drawings.
5 The method and means of rendering wire fences portable substantially as
herein before described and illustrated by Figures 21 and 22 of the Drawings.
6 The use and manufacture of the several and respective parts and combinations
together forming my improvements in the construction of wire fencing also applicable
for other purposes as herein before described and shewn on the Drawings Figures 1
to 22 both inclusive or any mere modification thereof.
In witness whereof I the said William James Smith have hereunto set my hand
and seal this twenty eighth day of September in the year of Our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty three..