IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR Apparatus for Boring and DRILLING WOOD, BONE, IVORY,
Year: 1871

page_text: "
LETTERS PATENT to Robert Frewer, of Stratford New Town, in the
County of Essex, Brush Maker, for the Invention of IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR Apparatus for Boring and DRILLING WOOD, BONE, IVORY,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Frewer at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd April 1871.
I, ROBERT FREWER, of Stratford New Town, in the County of Essex,
5. Brush Maker, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR BORING AND DRILLING WOOD,
BONE, IVORY, METAL, AND OTHER LIKE SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement
of machinery or apparatus for facilitating the rapid and accurate boring

page_text: or drilling of wood, bone, ivory, horn, metal, or other substances, and
is more particularly applicable to the drilling of what are known as
brush boards" and "stocks" in the manufacture of brushes.
The essential feature of this Invention consists in attaching or fixing
the article to be drilled to a plate or carrier capable of being adjusted
to any desired vertical angle, such plate or carrier being in its turn
connected to a second carrier, which is capable of being adjusted to
any desired horizontal angle; or the respective adjustments may be
reversed, the first carrier being adjusted horizontally and the second
one vertically. The combination of these two movements enables the
different parts of the article to be presented successively to the drill
at any angle previously determined upon according to the positions of
the respective centres of motion of the two carriers. The article is
moved up to the drill by imparting a to-and-fro sliding motion to the
second carrier, or if desired the drill may be brought up to the article
to be drilled.
The usual "pattern" employed in drilling the "boards" and "stocks"
of of brushes is also employed in a similar manner in this case when
performing that class of work wherein all or nearly all the holes are to
be drilled at a different angle.
In some cases a slide may be fitted to the face of the first carrier
or plate for the purpose of adjusting the position of the work thereon,
either laterally or longitudinally, but without reference to the angular
adjustment of the work.
It is obvious that various mechanical combinations may be devised
for carrying out the essential feature of this Invention, but in practice
I have found the following arrangement to answer perfectly well, that
is to say, a plate jointed by means of a horizontal hinge pin to the
front end of a slotted sliding bar working freely to and fro and laterally
between two fixed guide plates, a vertical guide pin capable of being
moved or adjusted at varying distances from the front of the apparatus
forming the fulcrum or pivot round which the horizontal slide turns,
whilst the hinge pin which connects the first carrier with the second
is also adjustable in different holes, so as to vary the angle obtained.
The presenting of the work at the desired angles to the drill may be
accomplished either by hand alone or by means of a pattern surface

page_text: acting through a pentagraphic arrangement of levers upon the carrier
plate carrying the said work.
LLL
filed by the said Robert Frewer in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 3rd October 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
FREWER, of Stratford New Town, in the County of Essex, Brush Maker,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Robert Frewer, Her special license
that I, the said Robert Frewer, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Robert Frewer, my executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all. times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ircland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR BORING AND DRILLING WOOD, BONE, IVORY,
METAL, AND OTHER LIKE SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others).
that I, the said Robert Frewer, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my hand and scal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Frewer, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying

page_text: say) :-
My said Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement
of machinery or apparatus for facilitating the rapid and accurate boring
or drilling of a number of converging holes, and is more particularly
applicable to the drilling of what are known as "brush boards" and
"stocks" in the manufacture of brushes.
The essential feature of this Invention consists in attaching or fixing
the article to be drilled to a plate or carrier capable of being adjusted
to any desired vertical angle, such plate or carrier being in its tum con-
nected to a second carrier or horizontal slide which is capable of being
adjusted to any desired horizontal angle, or the respective adjustments
may be reversed, the first carrier being adjusted horizontally and the
second one vertically. The combination of these two movements, enables
the different parts of the article to be presented successively to the drill
at the angle desired according to the positions of the respective fulcra
or centres of motion of the two carriers. The article is moved up to the
drill by imparting a to and fro sliding motion to the second carrier
or slide, or if desired the drill may be brought up to the article to he
drilled.
The usual pattern employed in drilling the "boards" and "stocks"
of brushes may also be used if found desirable.
In some cases a slide may be fitted to the face of the first carrier
or plate for the purpose of adjusting the position of the work thereon
either laterally or longitudinally but without reference to the angular
adjustment of the work.
It is obvious that various mechanical combinations may be devised
for carrying out the essential feature of this Invention, but in practice
I have found the following arrangement to answer perfectly well, that
is to say, a plate jointed by means of a horizontal hinge pin to the front
cud of a slotted sliding bar working freely to and fro, and laterally
between two fixed guide plates, a vertical guide pin capable of being
moved or adjusted at varying distances from the front of the apparatus
forming the fulcrum or pivot round which the horizontal slide turns,
whilst the hinge pin which connects the first carrier with the second
is also adjustable in different holes so as to vary the angle obtained.

page_text: The presenting of the work at the desired angles to the drill may bo
accomplished either by hand alone or by means of a pattern surface
acting through a pentagraphic arrangement of levers upon the carrier
plate carrying the said work.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall
now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that
purpose shall refer to the several Figures on the annexed Sheet of
Drawings, the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in
all the Figures.
Figure 1 of my Drawings represents a sectional elevation, and
Figure 2 a corresponding plan of one arrangement of apparatus for
carrying out my Invention adapted to the drilling of the bristle holes
in ordinary oblong brush "boards" and "stocks," and Figure 3 is a
face view of the adjustable plate or carrier with a brush board and its
pattern plate clamped thereon.
The apparatus which is to be firmly secured on to a lathe bed or other
support consists of two plates A, B, forming a guide for the slotted bar C,
which works freely in a horizontal direction only between the plates A, B.
Along the centre line of these plates are made a number of holes a, a,
which are tapped in the bottom plate A, into any one of which holes
and through the slot in the bar C the vertical fulcrum pin D can be
inserted as may be required. The inner surfaces of the plates A, B,
should be sufficiently close together to allow the bar C to move laterally
between them with ease, but not to rise and fall, and the width of the
said opening should be sufficient to allow the bar C to assume the
greatest horizontal angle required, in practice I find that for ordinary
brush "boards" and "stocks" a width of opening of about twelve
inches will be sufficient. To the front end of the slotted bar C there
is jointed by the horizontal joint pin E the plate or carrier F, to which
the brush board G with the usual lead perforated pattern plate H
thercon is secured by means of a screw clamp I or otherwise; K shews
the position of the ordinary drill which is rotated either by a treadle
or by steam power, the drill remaining stationary as regards its longi-
tudinal position whilst the brush board is brought up to it by the hand
of the workman or vice versa. The position of the drill is such that
its centre line 1-2, when the bar C and carrier F are in their central
or normal position as shewn in the Drawings, shall if prolonged cut the

page_text: E
centre lines of the two fulcra D and E, in which position the central
hole in the brush board if fixed parallel to the face of the holder or
carrier will be drilled square with or at a right angle to the face of
the board. If the workman causes the parts to assume any other angle
(shown by the red centre lines) whilst bringing the material up to the
stationary drill then the angle of the hole drilled or the degree of con-
vergence thereof on which depends the greater or less "spread" of the
bristles) will be varied accordingly, as will be obvious on referring to
the Drawing, the horizontal angular movement of the bar C on its
fulcrum D producing the longitudinal divergence or "spread," as shewn
in Figure 2, and the vertical angular adjustment of the carrier F on its
pivot producing the lateral divergence or "spread," as shown in
Figure 1. So long as the brush boards are all placed in precisely the
same position on their carriers F, and the positions of the fulcrum pins D
and E and drill K are the same there will obviously be a perfect
uniformity in the angles at which the several holes are drilled in cach
brush "board." Should it be required however to give more "spread "
ог divergence" to the bristles at one end of the brush than at the
other, this may be accomplished by so adjusting the brush board upon
its carrier as that the end where the greatest "spread" is required shall
be farther from the normal centre line 1-2 than is the opposite end.
By varying the relative positions of the fulcra D and E and by varying
the distance between the fulcrum D and drill it is obvious that any
desired variation in the longitudinal and lateral "spread" of the bristles
may be effected.
"
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used
or carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider
to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured
to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
First. The holding during the operation of drilling of brush boards
and "stocks" by securing the same to a carrier or holder capable of
adjustment to any desired horizontal and vertical angle with relation
to the drill in the manner and for the purpose herein-before described
and illustrated by the Drawings.
Second. The combination of a slide capable of angular adjustment
round an adjustable fulcrum pin with a carrier or holder so hinged to

page_text: such slide as to be capable of separate angular adjustment round another
adjustable pin in a plane perpendicular to that of the plane of angular
adjustment of the slide substantially as and for the purpose herein-
before described and illustrated by the Drawings.
Third. The use of the adjustable fulcrum pins D and E for the
purpose of varying the angular adjustment of the carrier substantially
as hercin-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Frewer, have to this my
Specification set my hand and seal, the Twenty-eighth day of
September One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
ROBT. FREWER. (L.S.)