Improvements in Carriage and other Wheels.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 17th June, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 15th Apr., 1891-Accepted, 16th May, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Carriage and other Wheels.
A communication from JOSEF KRISCH and HEINRICH SCHMIDT, of Peine, in the
Empire of Germany.
1, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
M.I.M.E., do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The subject of this invention is a wheel wholly made of metal but having a
rubber tyre if desired, the spokes being formed of steel wire as those of the cycle
wheels hitherto known, except that instead of the usual method of fastening the
same which consists in locking each separately and, being long and tedious, is of no
practical use to carriage builders, the spokes of this improved wheel are first
placed in position loosely and then locked or clamped in place all together.
This object is attained by fastening to the nave a disc and also providing it
with another similar but loose disc which is capable of adjustment.
On the
external surface of the nave whereon the loose disc is set a disc is further mounted
upon the contracted portion being secured in position i.e. connected to the loose
disc by means of four or more screws. The spokes are inserted with their conical
ends within the felloe or tyre while their opposite ends pass through slots provided
for the purpose in the discs and terminating in round heads. After inserting the
spokes into the wheel and when the discs before being locked are near together
they will be caused by tightening the screws to move further apart from each other
the result being that the spokes are securely and evenly locked in place.
Owing to the considerable tension to which the spokes are thus submitted the
wheel acquires a very considerable power of resistance and elasticity.
The axle may be provided with a bush made of the metal usually employed for
bearings and inserted within the sleeve integral with the fast disc. The axle is
also provided with a collar arranged within a projecting annular ring also integral
with the disc. The disc mounted upon the nave is further secured in place by
means of a nut screwed upon the axle with the interposition of a washer and it
and the screw heads are externally protected by a cap or box. The tyre is
provided with an additional external protecting tyre.
Dated this 17th day of June 1890.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Carriage and other Wheels.
A communication from JOSEF KRISCH and HEINRICH SCHMIDT, both of Peine,
Hanover.
1, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
M.I.M.E., do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to carriage and other wheels, and is especially suitable
for vehicles carrying heavy loads.
It consists essentially in a novel tightening device which forms at the same time
the lubricator and allows of effective and convenient lubrication.

page_text: In order that this invention may be the better understood, I now proceed to
describe the same by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
Fig. 1 is a part front view of the improved vehicle wheel.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view.
Fig. 3 is a back view, and
Figs. 4 to 7 show modifications.
The collar is cast solid with the hub a and is provided with a ring or annular
flange e to receive one half of the spokes to be used; the other half of the spokes
are arranged on a ring or annular Hange d, surrounding the loose collar b¹ opposite
the collar; one position of ' is shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2.
After the ends of the spokes have been attached to the rim A of the wheel, the
loose collar is drawn from the position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2 by means
of screw bolts el against a cap e
Referring to Figs. 1 and 2 the wheel is attached to the end of the axle B by
means of a cap gl screwed to a threaded boss of the hub a.
This cap g makes a diagonal or conical joint with a divided washer placed
against the back face of the collar 13 of the axle B (or against a washer) which
fits into the screwed boss of the hub a.
The screw prevents accidental loosening of the connection.
If the wheel is to be removed it is only necessary to unscrew the screw y", grip
the cap and unscrew the wheel by turning.
Figs. 4 and 5 show a modification of the attaching device in which is used a
divided cap g the cramp gl of which surrounds the end of the axle immediately
behind the axle collar B.
The divided cap g engages with the boss or hub by means of a collar and the
two halves are kept in position by means of a ring h. This ring is placed around
the cap and is prevented from sliding off by means of spring-clips or catches i
situated in grooves in the cap.
i
When the ring is to be removed the springs are pressed back into the grooves.
Figs. 6 and 7 show a further modification of the device for attaching the hub of
the wheel to the axle. The ring is screwed into the boss of the hub until it
lies against the collar B' of the axle (or the leather washer).
As shown in Fig. 7 the ring has a piece cut out of it corresponding in width
to the diameter of the axle and is connected therewith by means of a groove and
feather joint. The latter are connected to each other by means of a transverse
pin 7.
The accidental loosening of the attachment is prevented by means of a screw m
see Fig. 6 or by means of a spiral spring n sec Fig. 7. The latter is provided
with a pin a' which enters into a hole between the ring and the boss of the hub,
thus preventing the unscrewing of the ring.
The cape Fig. 2, is provided with a lubricating chamber e¹ which receives the
lubricant by means of a channel e¹¹¹.
The cleansing of the lubricating chamber e¹ can be effected without removing
the wheel.
It is only necessary to loosen the screw bolts e¹ which effect the tightening of
the spokes and the chamber may then be cleansed from any dirt.
The collar B' of the axle is provided with a leather washer at each side to
prevent rattling.
The attachment of the hub of the wheel may be effected in any other convenient
manner the before described arrangements serving only as examples.
The before described arrangement for tightening iron, steel or other metal wheels
has the following advantages over devices hitherto known.
The tightening of the spokes of the wheel is effected by moving the loose
collar of the hub, carrying one half of the spokes, further from the fixed
collar by means of screw bolts el which pull the loose collar against or towards
the cap e arranged on the end of the hub.

page_text: In this way the spokes of the loose collar bare fixed to the hub as well as the
spokes of the fixed collar.
This is not the case when a large tightening nut is used, therefore a wheel
tightened in such a manner cannot be used for carrying a load and rotating a
mechanism as well, such for instance as a seed-sowing machine, because only the
spokes attached to the fixed collar can influence the hub.
A further disadvantage of the use of such large tightening nut is that the spokes
are distorted by the rubbing of the nut against the collar.
This is impossible when using a loose collar in combination with a fixed cap and
screw bolts.
In this case the loose connection of the nut and the hub on the one hand and
the loose collar on the other hand is superseded by one connection only viz. that
between the hub and the loose collar.
The jarring or vibration caused by the movement of the vehicle is therefore
much less injurious to wheels constructed according to this invention than to those
of other construction.
The spokes can be tightened much more effectively by a number of screw bolts
than by one large tightening nut.
Any defective screw bolt can be exchanged easily and with dispatch while a
tightening nut rotating towards the outside can only be exchanged after removing
the wheel.
Further, according to my invention the cylindrical part of the hub remains
smooth while it has to be screw threaded when a tightening nut is used and this
favours the accumulation of dirt and reduces the strength of the hub in consequence
of the recesses made therein.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondents, and in what manner
the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I claim is
-
1. The combination with the hub of a wheel having a fixed flange or collar b of
a loose flange or collar such as both provided with spokes and the attachment
thereof to the axle so that the loose flange is drawn against a cap such as e at the
end of the hub by means of screw bolts el while the other end of the hub is
attached to the collar B of the axle by the boss of the hub and a screwed or
other cap such as g substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
2. In a wheel such as described the arrangement of a lubricating chamber ell
formed between the end of the axle and the cape and which is fed with lubricant
by a channel e formed in the cap e substantially as described and illustrated in
the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 15th day of April 1891.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.