Improvements in Means for Purifying and Filtering kunning water,
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Apr., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 1st Jan., 1900-Accepted, 17th Feb., 1900
Improvements in Means for Purifying and Filtering kunning water,
We, JouN TENNANT, of 332, King Street, Aberdeen, Painter, and ALBERT JOSEPH
STOKES, of 21, Burnbank Gardens, Glasgow, Commercial Traveller, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows; -
The object of this invention is to purify and filter polluted rivers and other
running waters.
We carry out our invention in the following manner; At a given distance from
the river we form an artificial bed and we form an intake from the river to this
bed. At the mouth of this intake we place an iron grating which prevents floats
from entering. Immediately next to this grating we place two self cleansing
wire screens arranged obliquely which prevent large solids from entering. The
angular position of the screens allows the water current to carry the solids down
the river. The water thus partially purified is now passed for a distance on to
a fox or cage screen wherein are placed pads or cushions of saw-dust which strain
all the small solids and other thick fluids in the water. All these strainings.
are passed off by the current and sent down a channel back to the river. The
water which has now passed through the saw-dust strainers comes on to the arti-
ficial sand and filter beds, over two hundred feet of which the water passes the
surface water then flowing to the river again. During the passage or flow of the
water over the beds the sand absorbs the water and purifies it. The water now
percolates through a number of filter strata and through other sand beds and other
filtering strata after which it passes up through a syphon aqueduct and on to a
stock reservoir the bottom of which is at a lower level than the straining filter
beds. After a period of years when the syphon aqueduct becomes congested with
sand the water in this stock reservoir can be let off below the level of the filter
beds, and a passage is thus obtained all through the bottom of the filters (by way
of the syphon aqueducts) from which the sand can be cleared out. The whole
system of the filter bed on being cleared out again becomes ready for use. The
water may now be passed on to the usual settling beds to further light and air.
The water can be shut off, when required by means of a water lock. There is
also a water lock at the outlet by which the quantity of water passing out is
regulated, when the river is low in dry seasons. There is also a floating barge by
which the filter bed is sanded as required.
F. W. GOLBY,
36, Chancery Lane, London W.C., Patent Agent for the Applicants.
Improvements in Means for Purifying and Filtering Running Water.
We, JOHN TENNANT, of 332, King Street, Aberdeen, Painter, and ALBERT JOSEPH
STOKES, of 21. Burnbank Gardens, Glasgow, Commercial Traveller, do hereby
[Price 8d.]

page_text: declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment:
-
The object, of this invention is to purify and filter polluted rivers and other
running water.
The accompanying drawings are, furnished in illustration of our invention in
connection with which it will now be fully described.
Fig. 1 is a bird's eye view showing part of a river with our invention applied
thereto. Fig. 2 is a plan of the artificial filtering bed, and Fig. 3 is a section of
same taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a partly sectional elevation of the
filtering and storing apparatus drawn to a reduced scale. The same parts are
lettered to correspond in all the figures of the drawings.
We carry on our invention in the following manner: At a given distance from
the river we form an artificial bed A and we form an intake B, from the river to
this bed. At the mouth of this intake B we place an iron grating C which
prevents floats from entering. Immediately next to this grating C we place two
wire screens D D₁ arranged obliquely to each other and to the direction of the
current through the intake B. These screens D D¹ prevent large solids from
passing to the artificial filtering bed A, and by their angular position they allow
the water current to carry the large solids down the river so that they are practi-
cally self-cleansing, that is to say, the current rapidly carries away from their
outer surfaces any solid matter which is too large to pass through the mashes of
the screens.
The flowing water thus partially purified by the grating C and screens D Di
passes to a box or cage screen E located in the intake B a little distance beyond
the screens D and D. This box or cage screen E is filled with pads or cushions
or receptacles containing saw-dust, through which the flowing water is compelled
to pass and by which is strained off, all small solids and other thick fluids in the
water. All these strainings are carried off by the current down a channel F
which leads them back again to the river.
The water which has now passed through the saw-dust strainers E comes on to
the artificial sand and filter beds A, over which the water passes, the surface
water then flowing through the outlet G. fitted with a lock, to the river again.
The filtering bed A is made up of strata of sand, shingle, pebbles, stones or the
like filtering or purifying media arranged in any suitable manner. During the
passage or flow of the water over the beds A, the sand a absorbs the water and
purifies it. The water then percolates through the filtering strata b, c, and d. and
through other sand beds a and other filtering strata cand after which it
passes through apertures into the interior of the perforated syphon aqueduct J
whence it flows through a conduit K to a stock reservoir L, the bottom of which
is at a lower level than the straining filter beds. The water may now be passed
through the inlet pipes N on to the usual settling beds.
After a period of years when the syphon aqueduct J becomes congested with
sand, the water in this stock reservoir L can be let off below the level of the filter
beds, through the outlet M and a passage is thus obtained all through the bottom
of the filters (by way of the syphon aqueduct J) from which the sand can be
cleared out. The whole system of the filter bed on being cleared out again becomes
ready for use.
The water can be shut off, when required by means of a water lock fitted at the
intake. There is also a water-lock H at the outlet by which the quantity of water
passing out is regulated. when the river is low in dry seasons. This water-lock H
on the outlet G is kept closed when the tide or current in the river runs in the
Copposite direction.
The filter bed is preferably kept sanded as required by a floating barge. The
syphon aqueduct J is provided with a ventilating shaft O at each end as shown in
Figs. 2 and 3 to carry off any noxious gases and to supply fresh air to the purified
water in the aqueduct,

page_text: The saw-dust receptacles in the box or cage screen E can be removed when
necessary by suitable trowling gear and others substituted.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is:-
(1) The means herein described for purifying and filtering running water com-
prising an artificial bed formed adjacent to the running water with an inlet channel
therefrom, a grating and oblique screens fitted across the mouth of said inlet,
saw-dust filled receptacles in a box or cage located in the inlet channel, an outlet
from the artificial bed, locks in the inlet and outlet filtering strata beneath the
artificial bed, a perforated aqueduct below the filtering strata, a channel from
said aqueduct to a stock reservoir and means for drawing off the collected purified
water from said reservoir, substantially as described.
(3) Purifying and filtering running water by an arrangement of apparatus of
the kind herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 1st day of Januar 1000
F. W. GOLBY,
Patent Agent, 36, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicants.