IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF COVERED ROLLERS USED IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING, ROVING, SPINNING, TWISTING, AND DOUBLING FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Smith at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th January
1862.
I, JOSEPH SMITH, of Spring Row, in Keighley, in the County of York,
Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF COVERED ROLLERS USED IN MACHINERY FOR
PREPARING, ROVING, SPINNING, TWISTING, AND DOUBLING FIBROUS MATERIALS," to
be as follows:-
The modes ordinarily employed for covering such rollers are as follows:-
If the roller is made of wood, the cloth or felt covering is placed on a tin or
other metal "sleeve," slightly tapered or conical, and by the aid of manual or
mechanical labor it is stretched and forced off the larger circumference of this
"sleeve" on to the roller. The leather covering is then placed in water to
soften and expand it, and is afterwards forced or drawn on to the roller over
the cloth or felt covering in a similar manner, and the edges of the leather
covering are then turned over and nailed to the roller to prevent it from.
working itself loose thereon.
If iron is used instead of wood, the mode of operation is to stretch. the cloth
and leather covering on the roller as before; the edge of the leather covering
is then drawn down over the sides of the boss or roller all round, and secured
by two circular iron plates (one on each side), which are drawn against the
edges of the leather by screws passing into the body or boss of the roller, thus
binding the leather securely to the roller. Or the edges of the leather are

page_text: secured to the boss or roller by rings driven or forced into the circular rims or
flanges of the roller, binding the edges of the leather between the outside of
the rings and the inside of the flanges.
It will be obvious that according to any of these processes there is a great
waste of the leather which is turned over the sides of the bosses or rollers, and
it is to remedy this defect that the present Invention is chiefly designed.
In carrying out this Invention it is proposed to use an iron boss or roller of
a peculiar construction, the periphery of which is formed conical or of any
other shape suitable to cause the expansion of a split or cut ring, which
I term an "expansion ring." This "expansion ring" is contracted by hand
or otherwise, and whilst in this contracted state the cloth and leather covering
is placed thereon. The "expansion ring," with the cloth and leather covering
thereon, is then placed on the conical or other suitably shaped periphery of
the boss or roller, which causes the expansion of the ring, and stretches the
covering to its full extent. The ring is forced on and secured in its place by
a plate or follower, forced up by a nut screwed on to a thread formed on the
end of the "pap" or "hub" of the roller, or the "expansion ring".may be
forced into its place by an internal and external thread formed respectively on
the iron boss or roller and the follower as near to their peripheries as con-
venient. The edges of the covering are further secured by grooves cut in the
inner faces of the follower and roller, against the edge of which, as the ring is
expanded, the edges of the leather covering are pressed, and thus the edges of
the covering are concealed, and a very neat appearance given to the roller
when finished. I likewise drill or cast in the iron boss or roller and plate or
follower holes at any convenient distance apart near the edges of the covering,
to allow any deposit that would otherwise accumulate to pass away.