IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND FORCING LIQUIDS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Lloyd Wise, of 7, Whitehall Place, in the City
of Westminster, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS OR
APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND FORCING LIQUIDS." A communication from
abroad by Hippolite Cuau, of Paris, France.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Lloyd Wise at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th February 1881.
WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of 7, Whitehall Place, in the City of Westminster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND FORCING
LIQUIDS." (A communication from abroad by Hippolite Cuau, of Paris, France.)
This Invention has for its object the simplification of injectors, the addition of
lifting power to forcing injectors, and the increase of lifting power in raising or
sucking injectors.
The Invention has reference to the application to sucking injectors, or to forcing
injectors, or to injectors of any kind, of ejectors, by preference of the special form
hereinafter described.
The ejector may be fitted to the injector itself, or may be placed at a distance
from it not exceeding the limits of the sucking or lifting power of the said injector.
This ejector is put in operation by a special steam pipe, and comprises a single
nozzle with a converging cone projecting through the sucking or exhausting
chamber, and a single divergent cone in which the steam expands, creating a
vacuum around the admission nozzle before escaping to the atmosphere. The
orifice of the divergent cone is wider than the orifice of the nozzle, and is separated
from said orifice of the nozzle by a short space which constitutes a suction chamber
between the two orifices.
At the steam inlet of the injector is a three-way cock so arranged that when the
key of the said steam cock is horizontal, steam enters the ejector, and a vacuum
being created in the injector with which the ejector is connected, water is drawn
up and forced forward by the ejector. Then, upon the key of the steam cock being
set vertically, the supply of the ejector is cut off, and the steam is turned into the
body of the injector which has been thus already primed, and the supply of water
to the boiler takes place immediately and continuously.
By the application of similar arrangements to injectors constructed to force but
not to lift, the same may be converted into powerful lifting injectors.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Lloyd Wise in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th
August 1881.
WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of 7, Whitehall Place, in the City of Westminster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND FORCING
LIQUIDS." (A communication from abroad by Hippolite Cuau, of Paris, France.)
This Invention has for its object the simplification of injectors by the removal
or suppression of the tapered plug which usually controls the steam jet, the addition
of lifting power to forcing injectors, and the increase of lifting power in raising or
sucking injectors.
The Invention has reference to the application to sucking injectors, or to forcing
injectors, or to injectors of any kind, of ejectors, by preference of the special form
hereinafter described.
The ejector may be fitted to the injector itself, or may be placed at a distance
from it not exceeding the limits of the sucking or lifting power of the said injector.
This ejector is put in operation by a special steam pipe, and comprises a single
nozzle with a converging cone projecting through the sucking or exhausting
chamber, and a single divergent cone in which the steam expands, creating' a
vacuum around the admission nozzle before escaping to the atmosphere. The
orifice of the divergent cone is wider than the orifice of the nozzle, and is separated
from said orifice of the nozzle by a short space which constitutes a suction chamber
between the two orifices. At the steam inlet of the injector is a two way cock, so
arranged that when the key of the said steam cock is horizontal steam enters the
ejector, and a vacuum being created in the injector, with which the ejector is
connected, water is drawn up and forced forward by the ejector. Then upon the
key of the steam cock being set vertically the supply of the ejector is cut off, and
the steam is turned into the body of the injector, which has been thus already
primed, and the supply of water to the boiler takes place immediately and
continuously.
By the application of similar arrangements to injectors constructed to force but
not to lift, the same may be converted into powerful lifting injectors.
Referring to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, shew in
central sectional elevation four different injectors combined with ejectors according
to this Invention. Similar parts are marked with like letters of reference in each
Figure.
The ejector E is characterised by having a single nozzle e in line with a divergent
cone or conical passage P. The generating lines of the nozzle e and the conical
passage P are parallel to each other, and are inclined to their common axis at an
angle of fifteen degrees. The capacity of the cone P is greater than that of the
abduction pipe, in order that the steam may expand freely and without loss. By
this arrangement the power of the apparatus to lift water for the priming of the
injector is increased.
The nozzle e is fed from the same cock A which controls the injector, and which
is provided to render it available for the two purposes; with two orifices suitably
arranged. When the handle D (Fig. 2) of this cock is in one position (the
horizontal position, for example) the nozzle c is fed by a conduit or tube G. When
however the said handle is in a vertical position, pointing either upwards or down-
wards, the supply is cut off from the nozzle.e, and the injector is fed with steam
entering by the passage I.
The steam issuing from the nozzle e enters the diverging cone P, and, there
expanding freely, draws and carries with it the air in the chamber of the ejector,

page_text: and in the injector itself. This is quickly occupied by the water which rises into
it and is thus primed; the steam is then fully turned on.
The ejector E may be fitted at any point exterior to the injector provided that
the conditions upon which its lifting or drawing are based are observed.
also be provided with a valve, as shewn in Fig. 2.
It may
Further, the priming action of the ejector upon the injector varies according to
the system or construction of the injector. It is shewn in Figs. 1 to 4 that this
priming takes place above, or preferably below, the part which divides the last
convergent nozzle of the injector from the divergent cone or pressure tube which
follows it. In Fig. 2, the priming takes place immediately opposite the pipe which
leads the water to the injector.
In Fig. 3 it will be seen that the priming passage or point of junction of the
ejector with the injector is situated beyond the divergent cone in the enlargement
of the pipe. In this arrangement a cock r is necessary; it should be closed as
soon as the priming is effected, and the full pressure is turned on.
By the application to lifting or drawing injectors of the ejector herein described
and shewn, not only is the sucking power of the injector for the purpose of priming
augmented, but also the certainty of its operation from the simplification of the
parts, and the removal or suppression of the tapered plug which usually controls
the steam jet. The intensity of the action of an injector arranged according to
this Invention is so great, that through the ejector, even when it is placed at the
base or the summit of the divergent cone of the injector, as in Figs. 1 to 4, it is
possible to draw by the said injector and to force into the boiler fresh water, either
cold or hot, or even exhaust steam. It is only necessary that the outlet of the
ejector, or the extremity of the divergent cone P should be placed in communication
by a pipe with a cistern of hot or cold water, or with the exhaust pipe of an
engine. As soon as the live steam ceases to act in the ejector E for the priming
of the injector, the ejector will operate in the opposite direction, and water or
steam drawn by the current of mixed steam and water will arrive between the last
convergent nozzle and the divergent cone.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention and the manner in
which it is to be or may be performed or carried into practical effect, I would have
it understood that what is claimed as secured to me under the Letters Patent
hereinbefore in part recited is,-
The use in combination of a lifting or drawing injector, a special ejector E
having two opposing nozzles e, P, separated by a small annular space (the generating
lines of the said nozzles being inclined to their common axis at an angle of fifteen
degrees), and a two way cock whereby the said ejector and injector are successively
supplied with steam, the whole constructed, arranged, and operating substantially
as hereinabove described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Lloyd Wise, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Ninth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
W. LLOYD WISE. (L.S.)