IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOBBINS AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1884

page_text: I, EDMUND EDWARDS, of the firm of Edwards and Co-Patent Agents and
Engineers, of 35 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of the invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOBBINS AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR
"to be as
follows:-
"
This invention relates to the bobbins ordinarily used in spinning and weaving
machinery, and it has for its object an improved process and means for fixing the
circular ends upon such bobbins.
•
The ordinary bobbin consists of a central cylinder having circular ends of
sufficient diameter, the cylinder being provided with a central hole in which fits
the metal spindle upon which the bobbin revolves.
According to the present invention the ends of the cylinder are turned down to
a somewhat less diameter than the remainder, and the two discs which form the
ends of the bobbin have corresponding central holes which are fitted tightly upon
the reduced ends of the cylinder.
In order so to fit and press the ends tightly and firmly upon the cylinder, a press
is used having a strong foundation plate upon which is formed or fixed a frame
consisting of two upright supports carrying a cross bar through which passes a
vertical screwed spindle having a fly wheel or handle at its upper end. The lower
end of the screw has fitted to it a horizontal plate the ends of which are guided
by the upright supports, and below the plate is üixed a central vertical pin which
enters the upper end of a bobbin placed below it, the lower end of the latter being
similarly adjusted and supported by a similar guiding pin fixed upon a plate
supported by the base of the press.
The cylinder which forms the centre of the bobbin is fitted between these two
pins, the two end discs which are to be forced upon its reduced ends having been
first placed loosely in position.
Recesses are made round the guiding pins in the plates to which they are fixed,
In order to leave room for the ends of the cylinder which project beyond the discs
when the latter have been forced into their places,

page_text: The screw being then turned round, the moveable plate decends and the two
discs are forced evenly and simultaneously upon the ends of the cylinder, the
projecting ends of the latter being slightly coned or chamfered and the holes in the
discs being shaped to correspond, but of somewhat less diameter so that they are
very firmly and securely fitted and fixed in their places.
Bushes or linings may be fixed in a similar way in the bobbins.
In order to ensure greater firmness and to prevent breakage, instead of making
the ends of simple superposed discs of wood, they may consist of discs between
which are interposed sections or discs of linen or other cloth or fabric, paper, card,
felt, india rubber, or other suitable material, and in this way the ends of the bobbin 1
acquire sufficient elasticity to prevent the risk of breakage.
The tenons upon which the bobbin ends fit and are forced as described may be
of any shape, such as cylindrical, conical, chamfered, hexagonal, or of any other
number of sides.
In order more firmly to fix the interposed discs and the bobbin ends of any of 1
the kinds described, a glue or cement may be used containing clots or curds
obtained from milk and afterwards dried with sufficient heat and reduced to
powder and mixed with water and quicklime, with or without the addition of
farinaceous flour or starch, or other suitable ingredients.
To add to the strength of the ends fixed by pressure as described, the tenoned 2
ends of the cylinder may themselves be first covered with cement of the kind just
described or of other kinds, and pins may also be used arranged obliquely to connect
together the cylinders and their ends, bobbins thus made with the aid of both
cement and pins being of great strength and solidity.
-
The ends of the tenons may have one or more grooves in order to key their ends 2
upon them, or they may have circular, longitudinal, or inclined grooves, and
similar ones may if desired be made in the holes through the ends which are to be
fixed upon them, the glue or cement being thus more surely retained between
them.
Bushes or equivalent fittings to the cylinders may be fitted and fixed in a similar 3
way.
Ŏr, the tenons and the bobbin ends which fit upon them may be screwed
together by means of corresponding external and internal threads formed upon
them by hand or otherwise. In this method of construction the fitting of the parts
together by screwing must be done by hand or in a lathe instead of by the press 3
as first described, cement and pins being used in addition as before, if desired, and
in this way it is impossible that the ends of the bobbin can come off.
In order to reduce the friction of the bobbin upon the metal spindle in which
it turns, the hole through the cylinder may be chambered so that it only touches
the spindle at its ends.
The holes through the discs may be countersunk for a sufficient part of their
thickness and they can thus be more easily and accurately adjusted upon the
tenoned ends of the cylinder. Bushes may afterwards be forced into the bore of
the cylinder, a very strong and durable bobbin being thus produced.
The bushes or internal fittings may be held by one or more pins passing straight
or obliquely partly through the bush and partly through the tube, the pins being
of any required thickness and length, of boxwood, lignum vitae, or other suitable
wood, or of metal.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I, EDMUND EDWARDS, of the firm of Edwards & Co, Patent Agents and
Engineers, 35 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of the said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF BOBBINS AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR, and in what manner the same is to bo
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The invention and apparatus are illustrated in the accompanying drawing and
are fully described in the following specification:
The apparatus consists of a press standing on a pedestal A, on which pedestal
stands & frame B, above, and in the middle of this frame is a screw C, at the top of
which is the cross beam handle D. One of the ends of the screw carries a plate E,
the centre part of which stands out. The ends of this plate are maintained and
slide in the uprights of the frame B. From the lower face of the plate E projects
a pin F intended to penetrate one end of the bobbin, the other end of which
bobbin is held in position by a similar pin F' fixed on a boss G standing out from
the pedestal A.
Previously to fitting on the tube H, the ends or flanges I and I' to be fitted on
the tenons J and K are introduced above and below. Recesses Land M are made
in the plates E and boss G; these recesses are intended to receive the excess in
length of the tenons as fast as the flanges are fitted on them.
It will easily be seen that on turning the handle D from A to B, the plate E will
descend towards the base A, exerting at the same time a pressure on the flanges I
and I forcing them tightly on the tenons.
The tenons J and K are tapered and chamfered at their ends, and the holes in
the flanges or ends, for the reception of these tenons are arranged in the same
manner, but with a smaller diameter, this arrangement allowing the maximum of
pressure for fitting on.
The same arrangements also apply to the fitting of other mounts of bobbins.
In order to obtain greater firmness in the fitting on of the ends or flanges of the
bobbins as also to avoid all danger of breakage, instead of the said ends or flanges
consisting as heretofore, of washers or flanges of wood fitted upon each other, discs
or washers either of linen, or other fabric, or otherwise of paste board, felt india-
rubber, or other suitable material may be inserted between the ordinary wood
washers. By this means the flanges of the bobbins will acquire an elasticity which
will render them proof against shocks and avoid breakage. The flanges will of
course be so constructed as to be adapted to any shape of bobbin.
For these insertions, a new kind of glue, to be called cheese glue, may be used.
This glue is composed of the following ingredients in suitable proportions, viz: milk
curds, which curds are afterwards baked, and when thus dried, are reduced to
powder, after which quick lime water is added; flour, fecula, starch or other
ingredients may also be added.
With the view of obtaining greater firmness in the fitting by pressure, the ends
of the MA
L

page_text: pins may be employed to pin the ends or flanges to the tube; by this pinning and
the glueing the ends or flanges are made perfectly firm.
The above arrangements may be applied to the ends of all tenons, whether
cylindrical, conical, chamfered, sexagon, or polygon, in fact for any kind of tenons
whatsoever.
-
The ends also of tenons to be re-flanged, may be prepared to receive one or more
grooves so that the flanges may be keyed or pegged upon them. All kinds of tenons
may be made with circular, longitudinal, or spiral creases, with, if necessary, a
corresponding form of hole in the flange to be fitted on. These latter preparations
are intended to hold the glue and make the joint as firm as possible.
What has just been said with reference to the tenons, applies also to the mounts
of these tenons. The ends of these tenons as well as the boles in the flanges to be
In these latter cases, it
fitted upon them, may be screwed, by hand or machine.
will easily be understood that the fitting on will be different; it will be effected
either by hand, in the lathel, or by some kind of lever instrument acting on the
flanges or ends, and producing a forced fitting; in order to maintain this result, use
may be made of glue, or pins driven in obliquely as above described, It is evident
that by means of such a fitting it is impossible for the flanges to come off.
In order to diminish the friction upon the iron spindles on which the bobbins
revolve, the tube may be scooped in such a manner that it will only bear at each
end instead of all along the tube. The application of the above principles may be
made in respect of all scooped tubes.
To obtain a forcible fitting on of these flanges, they may be cut half way through
their thickness from the inside; they will thus be forced on by pressure on each
end of the tube of the bobbin which must be conveniently arranged to receive them.
Some kind of mount is afterwards forced in the interior of the tube, from which
successive fittings, a thoroughly, substantial bobbin is obtained. In order to
maintain the interior mount of the tube, straight pins may be employed, going
through the tube and mount in different places, these pins, the number of which
may vary, may be made of iron wood, boxwood, cherry tree lignum vitæ, or other
suitable wood, or the pins may be of any suitable metal, as iron copper, tin, or the
pins may be driven through in a slanting direction as previously described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1° The new method and application of all kinds of pressure, whatever may be
the construction of the apparatus, having for their object, the fitting on by
mechanical means, of flanges or ends of bobbins, for weaving, or of mounts for such
bobbins, whatever may be the shape of tenon employed.
2° The new or improved method and application of the principle of insertion of
any kind of body between the discs composing the flange, with the view of deadening
shocks, as also, the new mode of glueing and fitting on above described as being
applicable to flanges and discs of bobbins for weaving and mounts for such bobbins,
whatever may be shape of the tenons employed.
3° The new or improved method and application above described, as applied to
flanges of bobbins for weaving as also for the mounts of such bobbins, whatever
may be the shape of tenons employed.