Improvements in Supply and Discharge Valves for Gas or Oil Motor Engines.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Jan., 1892-Accepted, 27th Feb., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Supply and Discharge Valves for Gas or Oil Motor
Engines.
I JOSEPH SOUTHALL of Woodleigh Selborne Road Worcester in the County of
Worcester Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to valves for the supply of combustible fluid, that is to say
a suitable mixture of air with inflammable gas or vapour, to the cylinder of a gas
or oil motor engine, and for the discharge of products of combustion therefrom.
With certain modifications these valves are applicable for discharge of exhaust
only, and also for effecting regulation of speed. The accompanying drawing is a
central section of a valve arrangement according to my invention suited for both
supply and discharge. K is part of the combustion space of the cylinder into which
opens the valve D. This valve has attached to it at C a collar forming a piston
and at L L rings forming a slide valve governing three annular ports namely M
the exhaust port, communicating with a discharge pipe, N the air supply port
communicating with the open air, and O the port for supply of gas or oil vapour.
The valve D when seated as shewn subjected to the presence of a helical spring F,
has beyond it a space B from which a passage H extends through the body of the
valve. This passage is closed by a check valve A, the stem E of which extends
beyond the valve D into the cylinder space K. The operation is as follows-
When the working piston of the engine is making its outstroke for charging, the
valve D lifts enough to allow passage of air and gas or vapor from the ports N
and O but not enough to uncover the exhaust port M. When the piston makes its
instroke compressing the charge, the valve D is closed, the valve A. being also
kept closed by a spring P. The charge being then ignited the pressure produced
in the cylinder causes the valve A to open charging the space B with high pressure
fluid.
As the piston approaches the end of its outstroke, the pressure in the cylinder is
so far reduced that the pressure of the fluid in the space B overcomes the force of
the spring F, opening the valve D and allowing the contents of the cylinder to be
discharged by the exhaust port M, the ports N and O being then covered by L.
In order to ensure sufficient opening of the valve D at the proper time for
discharge of exhaust, I prefer to provide the cylinder with an outlet port, which
may communicate with the exhaust pipe, and which is uncovered by the piston
near the end of its outstroke, allowing reduction of the terminal pressure in the
cylinder.
As the piston approaches the end of its instroke, it, or a part projecting from it,
meeting the end of the stem E opens the valve A allowing escape of the fluid from
the space B, and thus permitting the spring F to close the valve D. The space B
may communicate with the exhaust pipe by a passage provided with a valve which
is opened by the governor when the speed of the engine is excessive, thus reducing
the pressure in B and so preventing the valve D from being opened for exhaust
until the speed is moderated. The spring P may be so adjusted that the valve A. is
opened by the pressure of the compressed charge in the cylinder, the space B thus
becoming charged with combustible mixture. This being ignited communicates
ignition to the cylinder charge, the valve A being at that time held open by the
piston bearing on its stem E.
Although I have shewn the valve made with a collar C forming a piston
larger than the valve, obviously the size of this piston and the strength of

page_text: the spring may be varied. When the valve is employed for discharge
only, the ports N and O and the small slide ring L' are dispensed with.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is
1. A valve arrangement for a gas or oil motor engine arranged and operating for
supply of working fluid and discharge of exhaust, substantially as herein described
with reference to the accompanying drawing.
2. The modified arrangement of valve such as is above referred to, operating for
discharge of exhaust only.
3. In combination with a valve arrangement such as is referred to in the first
claim, an outlet passage from the pressure space B with valve operated by the
governor for regulation of speed.
Dated this 21st day of January 1802
ABEL & IMRAY,
28, Southampton Buildings, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.