IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS GENERATING E ; PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ludwig Mond
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ludwig Moud, of Winnington Hall Northwich in the
County of Chester, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS GENERATING
E
;
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ludwig Mond' at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th August 1883.
LUDWIG MOND of Winnington Hall, Northwich in the County of Chester,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS GENERATING FURNACES"
This invention consists in a new or improved form of gas generator in which the
gas is generated from the coal or other carbonaceous substance by partial com-
bustion in the ordinary manner The generator is preferably square or rectangular
in plan, two opposite side walls being perpendicular and solid down to the bottom,
while the two other sides are made perpendicular for some distance below the
top and then slope towards each other, or are made to slope all the way from the
top. These sloping sides are each supported on a dead plate at some distance
above the floor, so as to leave an open space on each side of the producer for
extracting the cinders. These open spaces may be wholly or partially filled by,
grates sloping or otherwise.
Instead of taking the main supply of air in at the bottom of the producer, I force
air, preferably mixed with steam, through a slit or openings left in the sloping sides
some distance above the dead plate, and communicating with an air chamber or
pipe, into which the air and steam are forced
This air and steam being under a regulated pressure, and the exit being also
regulated, the producer can be worked if desired so that no appreciable quantity of
air shall pass in at the bottom of the producer, while the point at which the air is
forced in being some distance above the dead plate, a considerable blast can be
maintained without any gas escaping below. The clinker can thus be extracted
without the working of the generator being in any way deranged. I also propose
to arrange the bottom of the producer higher than the working floor for clinkering,
in order to facilitate this operation.
The top of the furnace can be arched and provided with all the usual appliances
and fittings of a gas producer.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Ludwig Mond in the Patent Office on the 4th February 1884.
LUDWIG MOND of Winnington Hall Northwich in the County of Chester
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS GENERATING FURNACES "
This invention consists in a new or improved form of gas producer in which the
gas is generated from the solid carbonaceous fuel by partial combustion in the well
known manner of gas producers. Instead however as in other gas producers
admitting the air into the centre of the fuel or through the bars or aperture at
which clinkering is effected I admit air preferably under pressure through grates
or slits extending along one or more sides of the gas producer and placed above
(and quite independent of) the clinkering orifice so that clinkering can be effected
with ease and at any time without any interference with the working of the
producer. I preferably form my producer of rectangular form with two perpen-
dicular side walls and two front or back and front walls, substantially similar in
form and carrying an arched roof perforated for the usual fittings. This enables
me to build my producers in long rows without loss of space and each producer
of larger dimensions and capable of doing a larger duty than would otherwise be
practicable. I form my front and back walls preferably perpendicular for a short
distance downwards and below this slant thein inward towards each other and
support them on dead plates below which are the clinkering holes. As both
front and back can readily be got at clinkering can be.freely effected at all times
without interfering with the working of the furnace and inferior kinds of fuel can
be used.
The invention is best described by aid of the drawings annexed showing two
forms of gas producer which I have found serviceable for carrying-my invention into
effect. In these Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a gas producer designed for a
comparatively non-clinkering coal. Fig. 2 sectional plan of same following line X Y
of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical section of a gas producer for very clinkery coal.
Fig. 4 is a sectional plan following line Y Z of Fig. 3. Like letters relate to like
parts in both drawings and before going into those points where they differ the one
from the other I will describe the parts common to them both.
A is the body or chamber of the producer. B B upper part of front and back
walls of same built perpendicularly. CC lower part of same built sloping towards
each other to the bottom and supported on dead plates as shown. DD pipes
bringing air and steam or air and other gases from any convenient main or mains
to support combustion and opening out and delivering into grates or grids E E
extending along the entire length of the chamber in both fronts as shown, and at
some distance above the dead plate and the clinkering aperture or bars below.
The force of the blast and the opening of the exit valves can be so regulated that
almost the entire-or the entire air supply shall be admitted through the grates E E
and not through the clinkering aperture. The air grates being at a considerable
distance above the clinkering apertures a strong blast can be employed without
causing any gases to escape through these apertures. F F are working or poking
Holes closed with flaps for working the fuel down by means of bars when necessary
to prevent arching of the fuel. G is the hollow hearth raised above the working
floor for ease in clinkering and preferably filled with water both to form a seal
against the escape of the producer gases and to cool the clinker and produce steam.
Hwater pipe kept running or turned on at intervals to maintain the water seal.
I iron plates posts or buttresses and J bolts for bracing the whole together as is
usual with metallurgical or alkali furnaces. K arched roof pierced at points for
the usual fittings such as, L feed hoppers M spy hole and N gas delivery pipe.
O regulating valve in exit.
Referring now to Figs. 1 and 2 only. This particular furnace was designed for

page_text: a comparatively non-clinkering coal. There are two ranges of air gratos and if
desirable air can be admitted through one and air and steam or other mixture
through the other. P P are two cross walls supported on arches to separate the
centre of the upper part of the chamber from that part where the coal is fed into
the producer and to obligo all the gases escaping through the delivery pipe N to
pass through the incandescent fuel in the centre of the chamber. The taking off
of the gas from the centre of the producer below the surface of the fuel has been
proposed before but with other forms of gas producers the construction in a
permanent manner of a conduit projecting downward from the centre of the roof to
below the surface of the fuel has been so difficult that such conduits have had to be
abandoned. My two arched walls springing from the rectangular siles of the
producer obviato tho difficulties of construction hitherto experienced.
Referring to Figs. 3 and 4. This producer is intended for very clinkery coal-it
is made narrower than the last and further is supplied with a series of bars Q Q
instead of the sides being continued to a water seal as in Figs. 1 and 2. Through
these bars pokers and clinker-bars can be inserted as well as through the holes F F.
To seal the bottom of the furnace the doors R R are used in place of the water seal
but water is still used in the hollow hearth to cool the clinker.
It will be seen that one of the great advantages of my producer is that every
part is very accessible when working. The air is admitted from the outsido into
grates almost incapable of being impeded by clinker the fuel can be got at by
working bars from every side and the clinker can be cleaned out without in the
smallest degree disturbing the working of the producer from either or both sides of
the chamber. Through this accessibility and ease in poking, clinkering and
removing ashes, I am able to work up slack, shale and other dirty fuel not fit
for other gas producers.
Having now described my invention and given two practical illustrations of gas
producers designed in accordance with it I wish it to bo understood that I do not
bind myself to tlie special forms delineated as the modes of carrying out my
invention can be greatly varied but that what I claim as my invention to bo
secured under Letters Patent is :-
1st The manufacture and use of gas generating furnaces having the air
admission grates in the form of a long slit or slits, or grate or grates, or number of
orifices near together so as to accomplish the same result, extending nearly or quite
the entire length of one or preferably two opposite sides of the producer chamber
and at a distance above the opening through which the ashes or clinkers are
withdrawn.
2nd. The manufacture and use of rectangular gas generating furnaces having two
working fronts opposite each other through each of which air or air and steam or
air and other gases can be admitted and which allow the furnace to be clinkered
from both sides.
3rd. The special designs and arrangement of gas producer, substantially as
herein set forth and delineated.
In witness whereof 1 the said Ludwig Mond have hereunto set my hand and
seal this first day of February in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred
and eighty four.
Witness
WP THOMPSON
Patent Agent
Liverpool & London.
LUDWIG MOND (L.S.)