APPARATUS FOR ORNAMENTAL TURNING AND SHAPING
Year: 1885

page_text: I, GEORGE WILLIAM BUDD of 127 Long Acre in the County of Middlesex,
engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for APPARATUS FOR
ORNAMENTAL TURNING AND SHAPING and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention has for its object the production of works originally formed in
the Rose Engine, and later partially produced with the Rose Cutting Frame, and
specially the production of Rose Ornamentation on the solid outline of the work
when its form is oval.
The apparatus, which I call the Rose Chuck, is especially designed to do the
work of the old Rose Engine, that is the cutting of solid works into forins not
necessarily circular, although the material to be shaped rotates on the lathe mandrel,
but the path of the work being guided by a template, or so-called Rosette, and the
tool being either a fixed tool or a revolving cutter, the resulting form is that
of the Rosette or Rosettes (if more than one be used) attached to the part of
the apparatus hereafter described. At the same time all the work at present
perforined by the Rose Cutting Frame can be produced, such as surface
ornamentation, but in the case of this apparatus the work oscillates instead of
the tool.
The instrument consists of three parts: 1st The Ring or Collar; 2nd the body or
chuck; and 3rd the rocking guide or standard, for converting the circular into an
oval, or rectilinear, path for the work. The parts will be described hereafter in the
above order; and reference to the drawings (in which like letters represent like
parts) will help to explain the construction of my invention.
1st The Collar is a metal plate, of which Fig. VI is a plan, and Fig VII a side
elevation, with two projections (a and b in Fig. VII) at its back, which is attached
to the face of the lathe head either by a fixed point (c) and a screw (d), as shown
in Fig. VII, or by two screws, as is usual in the oval ring, or by any other con-
venient method; and on the face of it has two slides (e, e) fixed, between which is
carried a metal plate (f.) having a slightly taper fitting either bored in itself or
bushed with a steel collar to receive the fitting (g in Fig IV) on the steel ring that
carries the rosette or rosettes.. The movement of this slide is only horizontal, and
its purpose is to prevent the falling of the slides of the chuck (hereafter mentioned)

page_text: as each in turn becomes vertical. Attached to one end of this slide are two steel
posts (h, h, fig. VI) which project backwards into recesses made for them in the
back plate (i), which posts engage with the ends of two springs (8, s.) which are
contained in the back plate (as shown in Fig. VIII) and the opposite ends are
carried to the side of the collar (as shown in Fig VI), and are attached to two
screws (t, t) that have nuts (t¹, t) on them, and are used for the purpose of regu-
lating the tension of the springs. The action of these springs, with the collar
in the position shown in Fig. VI, would be to cause the slide to move to the left
hand. To counteract this, and also for use in a process called "stopping out
part of the rosette, that is cutting off a part of its wave, a screw (u) is tapped
into the right of the slide (f) and one of its ends passes through a plain fitting
in the stop (v). By the use of this screw (which is one with a decimal thread)
and its micrometer, the motion of the slide may be regulated to the full or any
part of the depth of the rosette.
"
On the left hand of the collar (i in fig. VI) are placed two short slides (w, w)
between which is placed a small slide (c) that has beneath it a nut controlled by
the screw (y) which has a decimal thread and a micrometer on it. This screw is
prevented from moving, as the screw (u) does, when once placed in its position, by
the coupling piece (c). On the face of this small slide is fixed a post (x¹ in Fig. VII)
which carries a revolving roller or a fixed rubber (¹). When the apparatus is
in action this roller or rubber is placed in contact with the rosette by means of
the before mentioned screw (y), and causes the rosette to oscillate horizontally while
it revolves; the springs (8, 8) beforementioned keeping the rosette in constant
contact with the roller (11), which revolves on its post only, and does not oscillate;
or in the case of a fixed rubber is stationary. When the collar (i) is placed on the
lathe head in the position shown in Fig. VI, the path of the work will be a copy
of the rosette or rosettes used; but if its position is reversed, that is, if it be
turned over, so that the rubber is on the right instead of the left hand, the work
still revolving as before, the pattern of the rosette will be reversed, that is, the
pattern cut on the work with the Rosette R, shown in Fig. II, would become
concave instead of convex, thereby doing away with the necessity for having two
sets of rosettes.
2nd The Chuck or Body of the instrument (of which Fig. I is a front plan, Fig. II
is a back plan, Fig III is a side elevation, Fig. IV is a section on a line C D in
Fig. I) is screwed to the lathe mandrel, and is composed of various plates and slides
disposed as follows, commencing from the back:-A plate (I) having a boss (I a) on
its back, which is tapped with a screw (I b.) to fit the lathe mandrel: this plate is
longer in one direction than the other, (a convenient form is shown in Fig. II) and
has attached to it two parallel steel slides (I c) which control the movement of a
plain plate (II), which moves between the two slides of plate I. Fixed on this
plate at right angles (or at any other suitable angle) to those on plate I are another
pair of slides (II a) which again control the movement of plate III, which is another
slide, carrying on its face a worm wheel and tangent screw (as shown in Figs. I
and III) such as is at the present time employed in other chucks used for orna-
mental turning, and on the face of this wheel is the false nose E, which carries
the work to be ornamented or shaped. In order to cause these slides to perform
their proper movements, a ring or collar (which is shown in section in Fig. IV and
in plan in Fig V, marked F) is placed at the back of plate I, though entirely
detached from it, and on this is placed the rosette or rosettes the pattern of which
it is desired to produce. At the back of this collar is a slightly taper fitting (g)
that engages in the fitting on the sliding collar F before mentioned. This ring F
is attached to the front plate III of the chuck either directly by short posts (GG)
which pass through the intermediate plates, or, alternatively, the posts may be
attached to a bar (H in Fig 1V), which is inlaid in the face of plate II, and which
bar in such cases carries a nut (J) through which passes a longitudinal screw (K)
attached to the front plate by a coupling piece (O). In my invention the nut
remains still and the slide attached noves, whilst in the usual pattern of eccentric

page_text: chuck the nut moves and carries the slide (which is attached to it) with it. The
purpose of this is to give the front plate III any desired degree of eccentricity, and
enables certain work to be produced without the intervention of the eccentric chuck.
This screw is of a decimal thread and has a micrometer placed on it, for giving
definite degrees of eccentricity. An eccentric movement may also be applied to
plate II if desired.
It will be seen from the foregoing description that these plates being free
(that is, capable of sliding between their respective slides), as each became vertical,
it would fall the distance between the inside of the steel ring or collar F at the
back, and the projecting boss. This is overcome, when the chuck is being used
without the collar, for preparing work, by means of pins (M, M) inserted in holes
in the slides for that purpose, or when the chuck is used as a plain eccentric chuck
(one of the slides being stopped by means of a pin), and when working with a
rosette in the manner mentioned in describing the collar (Figs VI and VII).
When used as an eccentric chuck a plain circular template may be used in
combination with the rubber or the slides may be governed by the fittings f.
and g.
By another arrangement I omit the worm wheel and tangent screw on the front
plate altogether, and form the false nose directly on the front of plate III, and
instead of moving the work round, as in the present arrangement, I attach to
the steel ring F that carries the rosette an additional fitting for the rosette
controlled by a worm wheel and tangent screw, so that the rosettes can be.
moved round on the chuck, instead of the work being moved on the chuck; a.
somewhat similar arrangement, to that used in the Rose Cutting Frame. Another
advantageous arrangement in some circumstances would be, to retain the worm
wheel and tangent screw on the front plate III, and at the same time to place
the tangent screw arrangement at back for the rosette.
3rd The rocking standard or guide (Fig. IX),-to which the ring of the
ordinary oval or rectilinear chuck is attached by its screws, consists of two
parts: a base, that is firmly bolted to the lathe bearer, which base carries the
plate X attached to it by a bolt Y, which bolt passes through a plain parallel
fitting (shown in Fig. IX), so that the collar can oscillate freely, and at the
same time allows a slight increase of the distance from the centre of X to the
centre of Y to compensate for the oscillation of the body of the chuck.
Having now described the various details of the apparatus, I will proceed to.
describe the combination of its various parts in the production of solid oval Rose
Work, which, as before mentioned, is one of the principal objects of this invention.
The collar. (Fig. VI) is placed on the face of the lathe head and firmly held there
by its screw and point, or screws; the circular fitting in its slide (f) is brought
central by means of the stop screw (u), and the rubber (x") screwed well away
from the slide (f). The chuck having had the required rosette placed on it (and
secured by the screwed ring at the back of the fitting) is next screwed on the
mandrel, and the taper fitting at the back of the steel ring on the chuck engages in
that of the slide of the collar (f). Next a suitable transfer chuck is placed on the
false nose of the chuck, which at its opposite end has a nose to carry the oval
chuck. This transfer chuck is turned to fit in the collar shown in the rocking
guide in Fig. IX, which guide is now placed on the bearer so that the nose of the
transfer chuck projects through it. The ring of the ordinary oval chuck is now
fixed on the guide by means of its pointed screws, and the oval chuck is screwed
on to the nose of the transfer chuck. The apparatus is now complete and the
revolution of the mandrel will cause a reproduction of the rosette on the chuck,
but the formation of the work will be an oval with the rosette ornament disposed
around it.
If the oval chuck, ring, and rocking collar be removed, the rose chuck and collar
together produce copies or reversed copies of the respective rosettes placed on the
chuck, but the chuck and collar are merely the base to convey the oscillating
movement to the oval chuck, which is pressed into the service principally because

page_text: it is a recognised and, therefore, usual part of the outfit of a lathe (and which, of
course, I do not claim), and partly to avoid further complication in the manufacture
of the Rose chuck.
By removing the ring F, and substituting for it either another ring with a
pair of pallets, or placing a pair of pallets directly on the posts G G, and
attaching a circular guide to the fitting on the front of the collar a, and fixing
together the slides I and II by their pin M, the chuck will perform all the work
usually done by the plain oval chuck.
Apart from its uses in connection with a lathe, my apparatus can be used
separately as a shaping machine: suitably attachments for driving being added.
Except as applied to my apparatus, I do not claim the following individual
parts, viz-the worm wheel and tangent screw on the face of the chuck, nor the
rosettes, nor the use of a rubber or roller working against them, nor the use of a
stop screw, nor the eccentric movement given to the front slide.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is
1. The construction in combination of the whole of the parts substantially as
above described of an apparatus (to be used on a lathe) for the production of solid
oval rose work.
2. The construction in combination of the whole of the parts substantially as
above described of an apparatus to be used, apart from a lathe, as a shaping
machine.
3. A chuck or piece of apparatus substantially as above described, for doing
so-called Rose work or shaping, having slides placed at right or other suitable
angles to each other, and having their action controlled by templates or rosettes of
any shape or form.
4. A piece of apparatus, that has a slide controlled by springs or other suitable
means, for controlling the slides of the thirdly above claimed apparatus; and the
use of a rubber or roller and stop-screw connected therewith.
5. A piece of apparatus consisting of a combination of the parts claimed thirdly
and fourthly above.
6. An oscillating standard or support, constructed substantially as above described,
for use with rectilinear or oval chucks in combination with the above specified collar
and chuck.