Improved Method of and Means for Forming Sockets on Earthenware and like Sanitary Pipes or for analogous purposes.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application; 2nd Feb., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Dec., 1892-Accepted, 2nd Feb., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Method of and Means for Forming Sockets on Earthenware
and like Sanitary Pipes or for analogous purposes.
1 REGINALD STANLEY of Nuneaton in the County of Warwick Brick and Tile
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In manufacturing or forming the sockets of sanitary pipes and like articles and
particularly where the shoulder of such socket is required to be more rectangular
than sloping it is difficult in the machines now used to so force the plastic material
round or over the angles or shoulders of the socket in a satisfactory manner that
is to say that the die is not sufficiently and solidly filled with the material and on
the pipe or other article being burnt cracks or deficiencies will result and a
defective pipe or article be turned out. Hitherto the filling of the socket die or
mould has been accomplished by the pressure that forces the material through the
butt or tube die and sometimes by additional pressure being applied directly to the
material so filled into the said socket die or mould by various means.
Now by my present invention I provide an improved method of filling the socket
die or mould which consists in introducing an auxiliary stream or supply of plastic
material to the socket end of a pipe or other article during the process of
pressing, the customary additional compressing of the material in the socket by
secondary means such as a lover or piston being rendered unnecessary.
In carrying out my invention I prefer to surround the external socketting portion
of the die with a metallic block in which is a chamber running round the socket
and having at requisite intervals perforations or outlets communicating with the
interior of the die. At a convenient point I attach an auxiliary cylinder commu-
nicating with this chamber and also with the main cylinder into which the plastic
material is placed and at the end of this auxiliary cylinder I fix a worm or screwed
plunger or attach steam, hydraulic or other power for the purpose of forcing the
material descending from the main cylinder round the chamber surrounding the
socket die and through the perforations into the die or mould so supplying any lack
of material. The passage between primary and auxiliary cylinders may be provided
with a grating or perforated cover in order to prevent introduction of bits large
enough to obstruct the perforations around the socket die, or the auxiliary
cylinder may be fed from any other source by independent or other means.
As an alternative to the foregoing arrangement I may in some cases find it
desirable to inject the clay or plastic material into the socket die through perfora-
tions in socket ring, the latter being made hollow for the purpose and clay or other
material forced therein by a cylinder and plunger beneath or other means may be
employed.
In order to prevent the formation of a fringe projecting inwardly at the shoulder
or bend of the socket which would tend to prevent the free flow of sewage or
other fluid I fix the core of the socket die somewhat lower than usual and slightly
level its lower circumference so that the ring forming the inside of socket
Thus any
mould when raised will slip over and fit tightly around the same.
fringe which may be left will project longitudinally with the pipe and no
obstruction will be caused. This latter arrangement also permits the socket ring
to be raised more accurately to its required height as there is less liability of
material or hard substance getting in between the die ring and core as hitherto.
The method of working my apparatus is as follows: The table or platform
carrying the socket ring being raised to its proper height and held close up to
the socket die by any suitable means and the auxiliary plunger or equivalent
withdrawn in its cylinder so as to be clear of the passage leading thereto from the

page_text: manner.
main cylinder the latter is filled with the clay or plastic material in the usual
The primary plunger (or worm where such is used) on operating, forces
the clay or other material into the socket mould direct, that is, through the butt
or tube die, and also into the auxiliary cylinder and circular chamber whence it is
likewise forced through perforations into the socket mould by means of the auxiliary
plunger or equivalent which simultaneously cuts off the supply from the main to
the secondary cylinder. The table or platform is now released and allowed to
descend and the pipe is cut off in the ordinary way and removed.
Dated this 29th day of January 1892.
POPPLEWELL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Method of and Means for Forming Sockets on Earthenware
and like Sanitary Pipes or for analogous purposes.
I REGINALD STANLEY of Nuneaton in the County of Warwick Brick and Tile
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
In manufacturing or forming the sockets of sanitary pipes and like articles and
particularly where the shoulder of such socket is required to be more rectangular
than sloping it is difficult in the machines now used to so force the plastic material
round or over the angles or shoulders of the socket in a satisfactory manner that
is to say that the die is not sufficiently and solidly filled with the material and on
the pipe or other article being burnt cracks or deficiencies will result and a
defective pipe or article be turned out. Hitherto the filling of the socket die or
mould has been accomplished by the pressure that forces the material through
the butt or tube die and sometimes by additional pressure being applied directly
to the material so filled into the said socket die or mould by various means.
Now by my present invention I provide an improved method of filling the socket
die or mould which consists in introducing an auxiliary stream or supply of plastic
material to the socket end of a pipe or other article during the process of pressing
the customary additional compressing of the material in the socket by secondary
means such as a lever or piston being rendered unnecessary.
In carrying out my invention I prefer to surround the external socketting portion
of the die with a metallic block in which is a chamber running round the socket
and having at requisite intervals perforations or outlets communicating with the
interior of the die. At a convenient point I attach an auxiliary cylinder commu-
nicating with this chamber and also with the main cylinder into which the plastic
material is placed and at the end of this auxiliary cylinder I fix a worm or screwed
plunger or attach steam hydraulic or other power for the purpose of forcing the
material descending from the main cylinder round the chamber surrounding the
socket die and through the perforations into the die or mould so supplying any lack
of material. The passage between primary and auxiliary cylinders may be provided
with a grating or perforated cover in order to prevent introduction of bits large.
enough to obstruct the perforations around the socket die, or the auxiliary cylinder
may be fed from any other source by independent or other means.
In some cases I find it desirable to inject the clay or plastic material into the
socket die through perforations in the socket ring, the latter being made hollow
for the purpose and clay or like material forced therein by means of a cylinder and
plunger beneath.
In order to prevent the formation of a fringe projecting inwardly at the shoulder
or bend of the' socket which would tend to prevent the free flow of sewage or
other fluid I fix the core of the socket die somewhat lower than usual and slightly.
bevel its lower circumference so that the ring forming the inside of socket mould
4

page_text: when raised will slip over and fit tightly around the same. Thus any fringe which
may be left will project longitudinally with the pipe and no obstruction will be
caused. This latter arrangement also permits the socket ring to be raised more
accurately to its required height as there is less liability of material or hard
substance getting in between the die ring and core.
In order to more fully explain the nature of my invention I have caused to be
attached to this Specification a sheet of drawings to the figures and letters on which
I shall hereafter refer.
Figure is a vertical section through part of a socketting machine fitted in
accordance with my invention.
Figure 2 is a plan or horizontal section of same on line a-b Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a vertical section of a similar machine of different construction
shewing an alternative method of injecting the supplementary clay and a means for
threading the socket.
Referring now to Figures 1 and 2, A is the lower part of main cylinder for the
reception of the clay or plastic material previously to its being forced into the
mould or die, B is the bar secured therein carrying the core C the lower extremity
of which is tapered as shewn by C₁ C' for the purpose of allowing the die ring É
to pass and so fit accurately thus preventing "fringe" being formed.
Dis an opening or port in the lower portion of the main cylinder through which
a portion of the clay or material therein may pass into the chambered block here-
after described, D' is a grating or the like to prevent stones or lumps passing.
Attached to the lower portion of the main cylinder or formed or cast thereon is
a hollow block or ring F surrounding the die ring E in place of the usual arrange-
ment for moulding the socket. At a convenient point is a chamber or cylinder G
communicating by passage D with the main cylinder A and by inlet H with the
hollow F running through or around the block F. The chamber or cylinder G
may likewise be formed or cast integral with the lower portion of the main
cylinder A.
At
Within the supplementary cylinder G is a plunger I forced inwardly when
requisite by screw or worm J or may be actuated by steam or like power.
intervals in the circular chamber F surrounding the socket die and communicating
therewith are holes or apertures K through which the supplementary clay or
material is forced into the socket mould or die by the action of the plunger or ram I.
M is the table on which the die ring E is secured rising and falling as required.
Figure 3 illustrates another method of introducing the supplementary stream of
clay or like material from the inside of a supplementary cylinder or casting L which
I use in place of the socket ring and this may be either secured to or form part of the
rising and falling platform M (in the case of a plain socket) or may be arranged
to be capable of being screwed up and down within a hollow boss N by means of
arms or wheel O for the purpose of forming a thread in the socket of the pipe.
The core C is made hollow and has an aperture P near the bar or support B
which is also perforated to allow of a stream of clay or other material passing down
from the main cylinder A to the lower cylinder L.
Q is a valve cutting off the stream and preventing return thereof. A piston or
plunger R forces the supplementary clay or material upwardly and through the
holes or apertures K into the socket mould.
Lugs rings or flanges S may be formed on the core for the purpose of
resisting the upward pressure on the body of material in the cylinder and for the
purpose of causing the clay to become more homogeneous after being divided by
bar B.
It will be seen that on the table M being raised into position and the clay or
material from cylinder A forced into the mould a supplementary stream will pass
down through valve or cut off, Q and aperture P and a portion of this will rest
within the lower cylinder L, on the upstroke of the plunger R part of this will
be forced through holes K into the socket die.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what,
I claim is
1. In the manufacture of sanitary pipes and like earthenware the method of
forming the sockets and shoulders by injecting a secondary or auxiliary stream
or charge of plastic material through perforations in the socket die or mould substan-
tially as herein before described.
2. The method of and means for injecting supplementary clay or plastic material
into the socketting or shouldering portion of a mould or die during the manufacture
of sanitary pipes er like earthenware substantially as and for the purpose herein-
before described and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
3. In a machine for manufacturing socketted or shouldered earthenware such as
sanitary pipes the use of a hollow block such as F surrounding the die ring and
having on its inner face perforations such as K through which supplementary clay
is forced by the action of a plunger such as I working in a chamber or cylinder
such as G supplied with clay or other material from the main cylinder through a
passage such as D substantially as and for the purposes herein before described and
as illustrated by Figures 1 and 2.
4. In a machine for manufacturing socketted or shouldered earthenware such as
sanitary pipes the use of a subsidiary cylinder such as L having perforations in its
upper portion such as K (such upper portion forming the socket ring) through
which supplementary clay is forced into the socket mould by means of a plunger
such as R the said subsidiary cylinder being fed from main cylinder and the
auxiliary stream being capable of being cut off by valve Qor like means
substantially as and for the purpose herein before described and as illustrated by
Figure 3 on the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 2nd day of December 1809
POPPLEWELL & Co.,
17 & 18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.