IMPROVEMENTS IN CIRCULAR SAWB
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Aurelius King, of 22, Compton Terrace, Highbury,
in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CIRCULAR
SAWB." A communication from abroad by William Frank Hathaway, of New
Bedford, in the State of Massachusetts, United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Aurelius King at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd July 1879.
ROBERT AURELIUS KING, of 22, Compton Terrace, Highbury, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CIRCULAR SAWS." (A communication from abroad
by William Frank Hathaway, of New Bedford, in the State of Massachusetts,
United States of America)
In the saw two classes of teeth are employed, one which I will call the saw teeth,
and which serve to cut the saw kerf with a smooth finish and are of peculiar shape,
and the other, which I will term the finishing teeth, to remove any imperfection left
by the first, and reduce the surface of the wood to a smooth even condition; and
the Invention consists in the peculiar shape of the saw teeth, as hereinafter
explained; and, secondly, in arranging the planer teeth in pairs alternately between
one or more alternate saw teeth.
The Drawings accompanying this Specification represent in Fig. 1 a face view,
in Fig. 2 an edge view, and in Fig. 3 a section of a saw embodying my improve-
ments.
In these A represents a circular saw adapted to cutting various kinds of
wood, the teeth of this saw being assembled preferably in pairs a, a, b, b, etc., in
regular alternating succession, though I do not restrict myself to such an arrange-
ment, as they may be interposed singly or grouped in number of more than two.
The purpose of this saw is to plane the stock at the time of sawing, and by the
same means and the teeth a, a, which I have termed the saw teeth, since they act
in advance of the others and cut the saw kerf, virtually perform the planing, that
is, they execute the greater part of it, leaving the teeth b, b, to remove any slight
imperfections or projections left by the first,

page_text: The two sets of teeth are hook shaped, and slope in opposite directions. The teeth
b, b, are shorter than the teeth a, a, to the extent of the V shaped portion of the
latter, that is to say, the periphery of the teeth b, b, extend only to a circle drawn at
the intersection of the chamfered and straight portions of the teeth a, a.
The saw is gradually reduced in thickness from its circumference to its axis, or
approximating its axis, and as the teeth are sloping it follows that the outer portion
or corner of each tooth is always the thickest, and this is important in view of what
follows.
The finishing teeth b, b, as before stated, slope in a direction opposite to that of
the saw teeth a, a, and revolve with the curved sides opposed to the wood in order
to execute a drawing or shearing cut and produce as little friction as possible, and
these teeth are beveled upon sides opposite each other, that is to say, one is beveled
upon one side, and the next succeeding one upon the opposite side, in order that
they may take equal effect upon both sides of the saw.
The teeth a, a, as will be seen by referring to the Drawings, are V shaped upon 1
their outer edges.
The kerf is cut by these teeth a, a, and the bottom of the kerf corresponds to the
shape of the tooth, that is to say, is V shaped also.
The following advantages result from the tooth having the V shaped edge :-
First. The teeth enter the wood gradually, and the friction is thereby greatly 2
lessened, for which reason the saw does not become heated, the wood is not dis-
colored and may be pushed forward, and the sawing executed much more rapidly
than with a tooth having a flat periphery and square corners.
Second. The corners or edges of the V shaped teeth being obtuse angled do not
become dull or "turned" as rapidly as with squared cornered teeth, consequently the 2
saw can be run longer without filing than by the present plan.
Third. The V shaped teeth effect an obtuse angled cut upon the wood, which to
a certain extent is a shear cut also, the result being that the surface of the wood as
reduced by these teeth is not torn, but is left much smoother than with the shaped
corner of the square tooth.
The teeth a, a, act in advance of the teeth b, b, to cut the saw kerf, the action of
these teeth being such that the surface of the wood is left in a smooth and true
condition, the teeth b, b, following after to remove any slight roughness of the surface
left by the first.
3

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Robert Aurelius King in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th
December 1879.
ROBERT AURELIUS KING, of 22, Compton Terrace, Highbury, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CIRCULAR SAWS." (A communication from abroad
by William Frank Hathaway, of New Bedford, in the State of Massachusetts,
United States of America.)
In this saw two classes of teeth are employed, one which I call the saw teeth,
and which serve to cut the saw kerf with a smooth finish and are of peculiar shape,
and the other, which I term the finishing teeth, to remove any imperfection left by
the first, and reduce the surfaces of the wood to a smooth even condition; and the
Invention consists in the peculiar shape of the saw teeth, as hereinafter explained ;
and, secondly, in arranging the planer teeth in pairs alternately with one or more
alternate saw teeth.
The Drawings accompanying this Specification represent in Fig. 1 a face view,
in Fig. 2 an edge view, and in Fig. 3 à section of a saw embodying the improve-
menta.
In these A represents a circular saw adapted to cutting various kinds of wood,
the teeth of this saw being assembled preferably in pairs a, a, b,b, etcetera, in
regular alternating succession, though I do not restrict myself to such an arrange-
inent, as they may be interposed singly or grouped in number of more than two.
The purpose of this saw is to plane the stock at the time of sawing, and by the
same means and the teeth a, a, which I have termed the saw teeth, since they act
in advance of the others and cut the saw kerf, virtually perform the planing, that
is, they execute the greater part of it, leaving the teeth b,b, to remove any slight
imperfections or projections left by the first.
The two sets of teeth are hook-shaped, and slope in opposite directions. The teeth
b, b, are shorter than the teeth a, a, to the extent of the V-shaped portion of the
latter, that is to say, the periphery of the teeth b, b, extends only to a circle drawn
at the intersection of the chamfered and straight portions of the teeth a, a, (soe
Fig. 8).
The saw is gradually reduced in thickness from its circumference to its axis, or
approximating its axis, and as the teeth are sloping it follows that the outer portion
or corner of each tooth is always the thickest, and this is important in view of what
follows.
The finishing teeth b, b, as before stated, slope in a direction opposite to that of
the saw teeth a, a, and revolve with the curved sides opposed to the wood in order
to execute a drawing or shearing cut and produce as little friction as possible, and
these teeth are bevilled upon sides opposite each other, that is to say, one is bevilled
upon one side, and the next succeeding one upon the opposite side, in order that
they may take equal effect upon both sides of the saw.
The teeth a, a, as will be seen by referring to the Drawings, are V-shaped upon
their outer edges.
From this construction of the tooth important advantages result.
The kerf is cut by these teeth a, a, and the bottom of the kerf corresponds to the
shape of the tooth, that is to say, is V-shaped also.
The following advantages result from the tooth having the V-shaped edge:—
First. The teeth enter the wood gradually, and the friction is thereby greatly
lessened, for which reason the saw does not become heated, the wood is not dis-
colored and may be pushed forward, and the sawing executed much more rapidly
than with a tooth having a flat periphery and square corners.
Second. The corners or edges of the V-shaped teeth being obtuse angled do not
become dull or "turned" as rapidly as with square cornered teeth, consequently the
saw can be run longer without filing than by the present plan.

page_text: Third. The V-shaped teeth effect an obtuse angled cut upon the wood, which to
a certain extent is a sheer cut also, the result being that the surface of the wood as
reduced by theso teeth is not torn, but is left much smoother than with the shaped
corner of the square tooth.
The teeth a, a, act in advance of the teeth b, b, to cut the saw kerf, the action of
these teeth being such that the surface of the wood is left in a smooth and true
condition, the teeth b, b, following after to remove any slight roughness of the surface
left by the first.
Having described the nature of the said Invertion and the manner of performing
it, as communicated to me as aforesaid, I would have it understood that what I 1
consider to be novel and original and therefore claim as secured to me under the
Letters Patent hereinbefore in part recited is,—
1. A saw tooth having a V-shaped periphery, substantially as described.
2. The two series of teeth a, a, and 6, 6, as arranged in pairs alternating with each
other, substantially as described.
3. The improved saw, substantially as heroinbefore described with reference to
the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Aurelius King, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
D
TWA