Year: 1896

page_text: I, WILHELM VON PITTLER, of 144 High Holborn, in the County of London,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to lathes for turning cylindrical work, boring, facing,
screw-cutting and copying on the face or on the periphery without the use of a
cross slide-rest.
The chief feature of my improved lathe is a revoluble tool-holder, having its axis
parallel to the axis of the headstock spindle and provided with means for rotating
the holder about its axis while the tool or tools is or are in operation. I am thereby
enabled to dispense with a cross slide while doing all the work capable of being
done by a cross slide.
The tools in most cases project from the face of the holder and not from the
periphery.
In some instances the revoluble tool-holder is made capable of an axial move.
ment, the headstock being stationary; in other instances the headstock is made
capable of an axial movement and the revoluble tool-holder does not move axially;
while in still other instances both the tool-holder and the headstock are capable of
axial movement. I provide for moving the headstock or tool-holder rapidly for
roughing out, and for moving them more slowly for finishing work.
The above lathe is adapted for operating on work carried by a chuck in the face
plate of the headstock. When I desire to turn work that is carried between centres,
modify the shape of the tool-holder by hollowing out a part of the same so as to
accommodate the work.
I provide for revolving the tool-holder by means of a worm and worm wheel, or by
a pinion and wheel, or by a friction lever or clutch. Suitable stops are provided to
limit the extent of movement of the tool-holder, and to determine which tool or tools
shall be brought into operation.
Fer copying work a projection or pointer on the revoluble tool-holder makes
contact with the template.
Doted this 1971 i
1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
I, WILHELM VON PITTLER, of 144 High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex
5 Engineer, do hereby declare the 'nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to lathes for turning cylindrical work, boring, facing,
screw-cutting and copying without the use of a cross slide rest.

page_text: The chief feature of my improved lathe is a tool-holder revoluble about an
axis which is parallel to the axis of the head-stock spindle in combination with
means for rotating the said tool-holder while the tool-or tools is or are in
operation whereby the usual cross slide can be dispensed with without loss of
facility for doing all the different kinds of work usually effected by means of a
cross slide.
In some instances the tool-holder is made capable of a sliding movement towards
and away from the headstock which is stationary; in other instances the headstock
is made to slide or travel; while in still other instances both the headstock and the
tool-holder can slide or travel. The travelling movements of the headstock and
tool-holder are effected rapidly for roughing out, and more slowly when finishing
work. I may employ a worm and worm wheel, or a pinion and wheel, or a friction
lever and clutch for rotating the tool-holder, the extent of the movements being
limited by adjustable stops.
Referring to the accompanying drawings which illustrate convenient modes of
carrying my invention into effect,
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the upper part of one form of my improved lathe,
having a sliding headstock.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal central section of the lathe, and
Figure 3 is a vertical transverse section on the liner, Figure 2 looking towards
the left of said figure.
Figure 4 is a side elevation, and
Figure 5 is a longitudinal central section of a modified form of lathe in which the
tool-holder can travel.
Figure 6 is a transverse section on the line.a, a of Figure 5 looking towards the
left of said figure.
Figure 7 is a sectional side elevation, and
Figure 8 is a plan with the cover removed of a further modified form of my improved
lathe having a travelling tool-holder and stationary headstock.
Figure 9 is a vertical transverse section on the line a, a, Figure 7 looking towards
the right of said figure, and
Figure 10 is a vertical transverse section on the line, Figure 7 looking towards
the left of said figure.
Figure 11 is a central longitudinal section, and
Figure 12 is a plan of a further modified form of my improved lathe, and
Figure 13 is a section on the line 3,3 of Figure 11 looking towards the left of
said figure.
Figures 14 and 15 are front and side elevations of the tool-holder as used for
longitudinal copying, and
Figure 16 is a face view of the template and pointer.
Figures 17, 18 and 19 are similar views of the tool holder and template as used
for transverse copying.
Figures 20 to 24 show the mode of using various kinds of tools, and
Figure 25 illustrates in face view a modified form of tool-holder for cylindrical
turning between centres.
Like letters of reference denote corresponding parts in the several figures.
A is the lathe bed; B is the headstock; and C is the revoluble tool-holder.
Referring now to Figures 1 to 3 the tool-holder C is mounted loosely on a hollow
pin D which is secured in an arm A' of the lathe bed. The said holder is constructed
with worm teeth C¹ on its periphery and is driven by a worm E or by a pinion F.
The said worm is mounted on a cross shaft E' which is rotated by means of a
handle E or by a belt working on a pulley E. When the tool-holder is to be
rotated by the pinion F the worm E is first disengaged from the worm teeth C
by lowering the bearings of the worm shaft E. The tools are received in
holes C, C in the holder and project from the face of the holder; they are
secured in position in the usual or any suitable manner. For locking the tool-
holder when required, a spring bolt G mounted on the arm A¹ and controlled by

page_text: an excentric lever G¹ is provided to engage with any one of a series of holes C' in
the rear face of the tool-holder. The extent of rotary movement of the tool-
holder is controlled by a sliding bolt H mounted in the arm A' and controlled by
an excentric lever H and a stop C adjustable in an annular groove C in the tool-
holder. When the bolt is withdrawn clear of the stop the tool-holder can revolve
freely, but when the bolt is pushed forward the rotation is limited in accordance
with the position of the stop. A stop may be provided on both sides of the bolt
so as to limit the rotation in both directions.
The headstock B can slide on the bed and may be moved towards and away
from the tool-holder by means of a rack b, pinion b and hand wheel 62 on the
pinion shaft, or by a screw threaded spindle 3 connected to the headstock and
working in a nut carried by the lathe bed. The said screw threaded spindle can
by means of a clutch 6 he connected with a spindle which is in gear with the
headstock spindle . The nut is disengaged from the screw spindle when the
headstock is to be traversed by hand. The rack and pinion or the screw mode of
traversing the headstock is used, according to the nature of the work in hand.
The clutch is controlled by a rod 68 an arm 6 on the end of the rod, and
adjustable stops on the tool holder which stops press on the arm and disengage
the clutch when the limit of travel has been reached. A separate stop is provided
for each tool.
The operation of this lathe is as follows, the work having been fastened on the
face plate, so as to rotate with the headstock spindle in the usual manner the
proper tool, for surfacing, boring or turning is brought into position and the holder
is locked by the bolt G. The headstock is then fed by hand towards the tool by
means of a rack and pinion, or by the feed screw above described until the limit of
movement determined by the properly adjusted stop 10 has been reached. Upon
the withdrawal of the bolt G the tool-holder can be turned about its axis and the
tool thus moved in the are of a circle through an angle limited by the stop C. In
this way the different kinds of work usually done on a lathe with a cross slide rest
can be accomplished. The rotary movement of the tool-holder is also utilized for
bringing the different tools to the working position, whether for surfacing, longi-
tudinal copying (externally or internally), or for transverse copying, for internal or
external screw cutting, or for cone turning. Moreover two or more tools may
sometimes be used simultaneously.
I frequently reverse the above construction by arranging the tool-holder shaft to
slide. towards and away from the headstock which is kept stationary. Such: a
construction is shown in Figures 4 to 6. In this case the hollow spindle Dis
carried by a slide D which travels in guides on the lathe bed.. The said slide is
actuated through a rack by a pinion and hand-wheel &, or by means of the
screw-threaded spindle which is extended to pass through the tool-holder and to
engage with a nut 4 carried by the said holder. The said nut can be
disengaged from the screw-threaded spindle when it is desired to actuate the
tool-holder by hand.
Another form of this type of lathe is shown in Figures 7 to 10 the same having
however a hand feed only but it is obvious that an automatic feed could be equally
well applied. On the bed A is mounted a block J constructed with guides for the
slide K.in which the spindle D that carries the tool-holder is mounted with 'a
capability of turning therein. The tool-holder is mounted on the forward end of
the spindle D, and a disc D' is mounted on the rear end of said spindle. The
stops for limiting the travel of the tool-holder are mounted in the disc D' and
work in conjunction with an adjustable stop carried by the block J. The
travelling movement is effected by a rack. 6, pinion and hand wheel 6. The
operation of the lathe is similar to that described with reference to Figures 1 to 3.
Figures 11 to 13 illustrate another construction in which the headstock is fixed
to the bed and the tool-holder is made to travel. In this case the hollow spindle D
on which the tool-holder is fixed is supported by the arm A' at one end and the
headstock at the other end and the said spindle can slide through its supports.

page_text: The said spindle is fed forward by means of a rack & pinion 6, and hand wheel
acting through an arm fixed at the end of the rack and bearing against the rear
end of the spindle. D is a spring bearing at one end against the headstock and at
the other end against the spindle D and constantly tending to force the latter away
from the headstock. In this instance the tool-holder is rotated by means of a
friction wheel F instead of by a pinion. D' is a disc fixed on the spindle D and
carrying adjustable stops & for limiting the forward travel of the tool-holder,
and D is an adjustable disc fixed on the spindle D for limiting the backward
travel of the tool-holder.
It is obvious that both the headstock and the tool-holder could be made to
travel if desired.
Copying is done by the use of a template in the usual manner a projection or
pointer being provided on the tool-holder to make contact with the template. The
pointer is kept pressed against the template by applying pressure to the hand
wheels that control the movements of the holder."
Such a device for copying longitudinally is shown in Figures 14 to 16, and for
copying transversely in Figures 17 to 19. P is the pointer secured to the tool-
holder and Q is the template against the face of which the pointer is pressed. By
using also a left sided or a double template copying inside and outside may
be done.
Figures 20 and 21 illustrate the tools used for screw cutting externally and
internally respectively, and Figure 22 the tools for profile turning and milling.
Figure 23 illustrates the simultaneous use of two turning roughing tools K and
shows also two finishing tools R' that can be instantly brought into action without
exchanging the turning tools. Figure 24 shows the use of two turning tools Rat
the same time on one face, which is subsequently finished by one finishing too! R'.
It is only necessary to revolve the tool-holder through a sinall angle to pass from
inside turning to outside turning and from roughing out to finishing.
The above described lathes are intended for operating on work carried by a
chuck in the face plate of the headstock. When it is desired to do longitudinal
turning, that is to say to operate on work carried between centres the tool-holder is
suitably modified as indicated in Figure 25. This holder is constructed to carry
two tools and is so shaped that the work can pass it without interfering with the
circular movement thereof through a limited angle.
For this purpose the worm teeth C do not form a complete circle but only so
much of a circle as is necessary to obtain the desired amount of rotary movement
of the tool-holder. C, C are the adjustable stops for limiting the extent of
rotary movement. The work passes above the holder and between the heads that
carry the tools. Each tool is gripped between a transversely grooved ring c¹ and
the similarly grooved head of a bolt that passes through the holder, and the tool
is secured by tightening up the nut on the bolt. The angle of the tool can be
adjusted by turning the bolt. The holder is shown in a horizontal position; its
normal position is nearly vertical.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a lathe, a revoluble tool-holder having its axis parallel to that of the
headstock spindle and adapted to be revolved while the tool or tools is or are in
operation, substantially as, and for the purposes, specified.
2. The said revoluble tool-holder so mounted as to be capable also of a sliding
movement, substantially as described.
3. The combination with the aforesaid sliding or non-sliding revoluble tool-holder
of a travelling headstock, substantially as described.
4. The construction of the tool-holder substantially as described with reference
to Figure 25 for the purpose specified.
5. A lathe constructed substantially as described with reference to Figures 1 to 3

page_text: or to Figures 4 to 6, or to Figures 7 to 10, or to Figures 11 to 13, of the accom-
panying drawings, and operating as, and for the purposes, specified.
Dated this 18th day of January 1897.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant..