IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFAC- TURE OF YARNS FOR WEAVING OR OTHER PURPOSES."
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Clapham, of Leeds, in the County of York, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFAC-
TURE OF YARNS FOR WEAVING OR OTHER PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Clapham at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th May 1878.
JOHN CLAPHAM, of Leeds, in the County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF YARNS FOR WEAVING OR OTHER
PURPOSES."
My improvements have reference to machinery employed in the manufacture of
that particular kind of yarn as described in the Provisional Specification of my
application for Patent, dated 14th May 1878, No. 1926. As described in that
Provisional Specification aforesaid the yarn is composed of any required number of
internal twisted or untwisted threads, round the exterior of which are provided any
required number of cross twisted threads or yarns, which may be of any required
colour or colours.
In the manufacture of the-herein-before mentioned yarn the internal thread or
threads by preference have no twist imparted to them, but are travelled forward,
during which time the external cross twists of yarn or thread are placed round the
exterior, and for this purpose I construct a machine, substantially as hereafter
described.
Between suitable standards or framework I fix any required number of rails or
stretchers, fitted with bearings to receive any required number of spindles. The
spindles are mounted in their bearings horizontally, vertically, or at any convenient
angle, and are made hollow, so that the herein-before mentioned internal threads
may be drawn through them. On the exterior of the hollow spindles are placed
the "cops" or bobbins containing the external thread or yarn. In this machine I
provide any required number of parallel rows or sets of spindles. Each set or row
... ។

page_text: may contain different colours or quality of thread or yarn on their "
cops" or bobbins.
The centres of each row or set of spindles may be in a line with each other, the
internal threads being passed through each line of spindles, and whilst being drawn
through by means of suitable drawing rollers I cause the spindles to revolve,
carrying with them the "cops" or bobbins containing the external threads or
yarn.
Each alternate spindles in each line, in order to give the required twist, may he
made to revolve in opposite directions, so that they cross each other in their twist
round the internal threads.
33
.
On the same machine may be provided spindles of ordinary construction having
a rotary motion imparted thereto, and containing "cops' or bobbins, on to which
the yarn after being completed may be wound; or the yarn may be passed direct
from the herein-before mentioned machine to other apparatus or machinery for other
purposes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Clapham in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 15th November
1878.
JOHN CLAPHAM, of Leeds, in the County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF YARNS FOR WEAVING OR OTHER
PURPOSES."
My improvements have reference to machinery employed in the manufacture of
that particular kind of yarn as described in the Provisional Specification of my appli-
cation for Patent dated 14th May 1878, No. 1926. As described in that Provisional
Specification nforesaid the yarn is composed of any required number of internal
twisted or untwisted threads, round the exterior of which are provided any required
number of cross twisted threads or yarns, which may be of any required colour or
colours.
In the manufacture of the herein-before mentioned yarn the internal thread or
threads by preference have no twist imparted to. them, but are travelled forward,
during which time the external cross twists of yarn or thread are placed round the
exterior, and for this purpose I construct a machine, substantially as hereafter
described.
Between suitable standards or framework I fix any required number of rails or
stretchers, fitted with bearings to receive any required number of spindles. The
spindles are mounted in their bearings horizontally, vertically, or at any convenient
angle, and are made hollow, so that the herein-before mentioned internal threads
may be drawn through them. On the exterior of the hollow spindles are placed
the cops" or bobbins containing the external thread or yarn. In this machine I
provide any required number of parallel rows or sets of spindles. Each set or row
may contain different colours or quality of thread or yarn on their “
"
cops" or

page_text: DOODIIS. Ine centres of each row or set of spindles may be in a line with cach
other, the internal threads being passed through each line of spindles, and whilst
being drawn through by means of suitable drawing rollers I cause the spindles to
revolve, carrying with them the "cops" or bobbins containing the external threads
or yarn.
Each alternate spindle in each line, in order to give the required twist, may be
made to revolve in opposite directions, so that they cross each other in their twist
round the internal threads.
On the same machine may be provided spindles of ordinary construction, having
a rotary motion imparted thereto, and containing "cops" or bobbins, on to which
the yarn after being completed may be wound; or the yarn may be passed direct
from the herein-before mentioned machine to other apparatus or machinery for other
purposes.
And in order that my Invention may be more completely understood, reference
is given to the accompanying. Sheet of Drawings, and to the letters and marks
thereon.
Figure 1 is a side elevation; Figure 2, a front elevation ; Figure 3, a plan looking
at the top; Figure 4, full size view of spindle.
Figure 5, an elevation of another arrangement or modification; and Figure 6, an
end elevation of the same.
Between suitable standards or framework a I fix any number of rails or
stretchers band b'. On the stretchers 6 are mounted the spindle rails c. The
spindle rails c are provided with bearings d, in which the hollow spindles e and e¹
are carried. On the exterior of the spindles e and e¹ are placed the "cops" or
bobbins f; such cops or bobbins contain the external threads or yarn. Any
required number of rows of spindles e and e' may be employed, and each set or
row may have thereon "cops" or bobbins f of different colours or qualities of yarn.
The spindles e and e¹ are by preference placed in a line with each other, as shown
at Figure 3, but also the row of spindles e are arranged parallel with the row e¹.
The internal thread or threads g is or are passed through the hollow spindle or
spindles of each line, and whilst being drawn through by means of the drawing or
delivery roller h and pressing roller i (which are mounted in ordinary bearings on
the framework) I cause the spindles e and e¹ to revolve, carrying with them the
"cops" or bobbins f, motion being imparted thereto from the cylinders J through
band and "warve" l.
I by preference, in order to give the required cross twist, cause the spindles e to
rotate in the opposite direction to the spindles e¹, causing thereby the external
throads to be coiled on the internal thread or threads in opposite directions.
The internal thread or threads is or are fed to the spindles from a condenser
bobbin m or other convenient source, the required feed being effected by the drawing
or delivery roller n and pressing roller o. The drawing or delivery rollers h and m
are caused to revolve, motion being given thereto from the driving pulley p or from
other convenient source.
In some machines may be provided spindles g of ordinary construction, having a
rotary motion imparted to them. from an ordinary cylinder 1. These spindles q
contain bobbins 8, on to which the yarn after being completed may be wound; or,
when preferred, the yarn may be passed from the above-described machine to
other apparatus or machinery for other purposes.
Figures 5 and 6 shew a modification for supplying the external threads to produce
the required cross twist, in which t is the hollow spindle, and on it is mounted the
face plate or disc u, containing any required number of pegs v. These pegs are for
the purpose of carrying the "cops" or bobbins 2. As the internal thread or
threads pass through the hollow spindle t, the external threads are paid thereon
through eyelets or holes y in the spindle t. The plate is employed as a conductor
to the threads as they pass from the cops or bobbins w. This arrangement of
spindles is mounted on- similar framework to the herein-before mentioned arrange-
ment of spindles, and produces the same or a similar result.

page_text: I would here remark that the hollow spindles need not necessarily be placed in
the horizontal position shewn, but may be placed either vertically or at any other
convenient angle.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and shewn by Drawings
how the same may be carried into practice, I would have it understood that I do
not limit myself to the precise limits, details, or configuration of the parts I have
expressed and shown, as the same may of course be varied or modified without in
any way departing from the nature or principle of my Invention; but what I claim
and desire to be secured to me by Letters Patent is,-
First. The application of a hollow, spindle or spindles through which any. 1
number of twisted or untwisted threads may be passed for the purpose of receiving
thereon any number of threads or cross twists of the same, substantially as herein
set forth.
Second. The arrangement, construction, and combination of the various parts of
the machine, with any mere modifications of the same, substantially as and for 1
purposes herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Clapham, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Eleventh day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
TAHT OTADI