Improvements in Closets.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 29th July, 1893-Accepted, 2nd Sept., 1893
Improvements in Closets.
I, CARL FRIEDRICH WILHELM GOTTSMANN, of Leipzic, Kingdom of
Saxony, German Empire, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
The usual closet basins or pans have the disadvantage that they communicate by
means of their lower orifice with the parts serving for the reception and carrying
off of the excrements, such as the soil pipe, sewer, or cess pool &c. even when not
In consequence though there may be a water seal, the rising of foul gases
is not efficiently prevented; further the excrements are liable to adhere to the
inner surface of the pan, unless a strong current of water is used for their
removal.
used.
The subject of this invention is a pan by the formation and arrangement of
which the before mentioned disadvantages are avoided.
This improved pan is particularly suitable for such closets in which the smell
of the excrements is annulled by the distribution of earthy matter.
The pan has the form of a pointed cone closed at the bottom. This cone is
divided into three or more parts by incisions through its axis, which do not reach
quite to the upper edge of the cone. These parts of the cone are hinged to the
rim thus formed which has not been divided. In this manner the pan is divided
into three flaps, which, through their weight, have the tendency to turn around their
axis, so that their lower ends are moved apart from one another, thus forming an
opening in the lower part of the pan. In order to keep these flaps together when
the closet is not used, so as to form the closed conical pan, there is arranged on the
outside of the pan or cone a chain about midway between top and bottom. The
ends of this chain are connected to a second chain carried upwards through the closet
seat and ending in a ring which can be attached to a block or hook on the seat.
In this manner the pan fulfils the object also of forming a seal to protect the room
or chamber in which the pan or closet is situated against the smell rising from the
excrements in the pipes &c. carrying off the excrements.
If the closet is to be used, the chain is taken off the block or hook, the flaps
move apart and the excrements are allowed to fall through.
Instead of the chain, a closed ring may be used to which are connected two
chains carried through the closet seat and then attached to a holder or handle.
In order that this invention may be the better understood, I now proceed to
describe the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the
letters and figures marked thereon.
This 1 is a plan of this improved pan.
Figure 2 is a side view of the same when closed.
Figure 3 is a side view of the same when open and arranged with a chain.
Figures 4, 5 and 6 show, in an analogous manner, the pan with the modification
that a ring is used instead of a chain, and that the pan is divided into four instead
of into three parts.
In the drawings bb show three flaps, or four respectively, into which the pan is
divided by incisions through its axis.
The three flaps are hinged to the rim of the pan by means of lugs u cast or
rivetted to the flaps, lugs cast to the rim and pins w passed through them. k is
the chain slung around the flaps about half-way between top and bottom, the ends
of the chain being connected to the chain ending in the ring r above the closet
seat. is the block over which the ring is slid to stretch the chain and join the
flaps together to form the conical pan.

page_text: As shown in Figure 3, the flaps are moved apart from one another when the
chain is slackened, and leave a free space for the excrements to fall through. On
the other hand, when the chain is drawn up and the ring replaced on the block,
the pan forms again a seal or closure between the pipes and sewers and the chamber
in which the.closet is erected.
To ensure that the flaps bb, (which move radially towards each other when
the chain A, or the holder respectively, is drawn up) engage with one another
correctly and thus make a tight joint, one edge of each flap is provided with a
ledge p engaging over the next flap, and such ledge p extends at the upper end
into a broader projection or lug pl.
with
In Figures 4, 5 and 6 g is the ring connected by means of the chains
the holder 1. When the closet is not used the parts of the chains 2 protruding
over the closet seat and the holder are placed on the closet seat, and are retained
by the block against which the holder is placed.
Figure 5 shows ring and chains in the position, after having been drawn up, to
be placed on the closet seat.
In Figure 6 the chains have been slackened, the ring has been lowered in
consequence of its gravity, and the flaps have been moved apart from each
other.
If full security is required that no excrements shall adhere to the inner surface
of the closet pan, a conical paper bag t may be inserted into it before use,
which, as soon as the pan is opened by the movement of the flaps & drops into the
pipes or chamber for carrying off the excrements.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1st. A closet pan in the form of a cone, the apex of which points downwards,
which is divided by axial incisions into three or more flaps bbb, which are hinged
to the rim of the pan and are held together by a chain k, slung round the flaps bbb,
and having an extension 2 and a ring r; the flaps b. b. moving away from each
other when the chain is slackened, thus making an opening for the passage of the
excrements.
2nd. A closet pan as claimed in Claim 1 modified by using, instead of the
chain, a ring g with chains and holder l.
3rd. In the before mentioned closet pan the arrangement of ledges p, p² on one
edge of each flap, to ensure the correct engagement of the flaps with one another
to make a tight joint.
4th. In combination with the before mentioned closet a conical paper bag b,
inserted into the pan to prevent the adhesion of the excrements to the pan, the
bag falling through the opening of the pan when the chain is slackened.
Dated the 29th day of July 1893.
FELL & WILDING,
Agents for the Applicant.