IMPROVEMENTS APPLIED TO WHEELS AND OTHER FORMS FOR ROLLING OVER RAILWAYS, TRAMWAYS, COMMON ROADS, OR ANY SOIL, WHEREBY INCREASED TRACTION SURFACE OR TRACTIVE ADHESION IS OBTAINED FOR MOUNTING STEEP GRADIENTS, AND TRAVELLING OVER UNEVEN SURFACES
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Waller, of Holbeck Moor Foundry, Leeds, in the
$6
County of York, Engineer, for the Invention of IMPROVEMENTS APPLIED
TO WHEELS AND OTHER FORMS FOR ROLLING OVER RAILWAYS, TRAMWAYS,
COMMON ROADS, OR ANY SOIL, WHEREBY INCREASED TRACTION SURFACE OR
TRACTIVE ADHESION IS OBTAINED FOR MOUNTING STEEP GRADIENTS, AND
TRAVELLING OVER UNEVEN SURFACES."
aled the 22nd September 1877, and dated the 1st May, 1877
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Waller at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st May 1877.
66
RICHARD WALLER, of Holbeck Moor Foundry, Leeds, in the County of York,
Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS APPLIED TO WHEELS AND OTHER FORMS FOR ROLLING
OVER RAILWAYS, TRAMWAYS, COMMON ROADS, OR ANY SOIL, WHEREBY INCREASED
TRACTION SURFACE OR TRACTIVE ADHESION IS OBTAINED FOR MOUNTING STEEP
GRADIENTS, AND TRAVELLING OVER UNEVEN SURFACES.'
My Invention relates to a novel mode of obtaining increased traction surface or
tractiveadhesion, whereby the travelling of locomotiveengines andvehicles over the
gradients of tramways, over ordinary roadways, and any ground, will be greatly
facilitated,andwhich mayalso be usedwith advantage for the traction of agricultural
and other machinery.
My Invention is based upon the use of a belt, band, or endless chain formed of a
number of blocks or wedges connected by links or otherwise, or interlocking the
one with the other in combination with the rolling parts of an engine or vehicle, in
such wise as to form a tire, the traction surface of which, that is to say, the extent of
its periphery, resting at one time upon the ground during a revolution may be greatly
increased without a corresponding increase in the diameter of the wheels or rolling
parts of the machine or vehicle.
Where a very considerable traction surface is needed, I may connect or tie my
wedges or blocks by links, so that they may be put like an endless chain or belt
over discsset upon one, two, or more axles, which discs in revolving will drive the
belt by means of pins or projections, or otherwise, the entire weight of the machine
Price

page_text: or vehicle being brought upon that part of the belt in contact with the ground, and
forming the traction surface by means of rollers, so as to give the requisite belt or
grip upon the road or tramway, while permitting the belt to revolve, these rollers
being carried on the same frame as the axles of the discs, driving the belt and
bearing upon the surface of the blocks within the chain of connecting links.
I may substitute other means for bringing the weights on to the blocks in lieu of
rollers or pulleys placed as aforesaid.
I may drive my endless belt or travelling tire by means of spur wheels or other
gearing, or 1 may carry it over a wheel of large diameter with small wheels or
guides to keep it extended near the surface of the ground, against which it will be
pressed as aforesaid by a series of rollers bearing the entire weight of the
engine or vehicle, or by other means of securing the grip or bite upon the way
or soil.
It will be seen that an engine placing my endless chain, as 1 have set forth, con-
tinuously lays its own way as it travels. The combination to which, however, I give
preference in nearly every case, and particularly for travelling over tramways and
common roads is as follows:-1 make the segments or blocks of my belt.or tire
preferably of a wedge shape, one wedge having projections, the next recesses
to receive these projections, or each wedge may have a recess or recesses on
the one side and aprojection or projections on the other, all these wedges or blocks
having a flange or shoulder at the smaller end of the wedge on each side.
1 take a number of these wedges, according to the diameter of the wheel
1 require, and place them between two retaining rings, the flanges of the
blocks being within the inner diameter of each ring, until a complete circle is formed.
I make the inner diameter of these rings a little more than the diameter of the
circle formed by the flanges of the wedges when placed together, and I fix these
rings to the body of the wheel in any convenient manner. Thus the whole of the
wedges or blocks are securely locked, and yet free to move, as I will now explain,
in a space left for that purpose between these locking or retaming rings and the
body of the wheel.
When this wheel is rolling there will be two or more of the blocks flat upon the
ground to form the traction surface, or more than two blocks, according to the
difference which I may have given to the inner diameter of the retaining rings
and that of the circle of blocks or wedges; and as the weight of the engine or vehicle
which the wheel carries causes two or more blocks or wedges, forming the treading
surface, to move inward from the retaining rings, this wheel is no longer a circle, but
a cam, a flat surface being always in contact with the ground, giving a grip or bite
for traction which could not be obtained from a tire made of one piece and always
preserving its circular form; further, the wedges bearing the weight will in moving
inward tighten up the other wedges against the inside of the retaining rings, and
keep the whole arrangement tight.
I may so place india-rubber or other elastic material between my wedges or blocks
as to give a certain amount of elasticity to the whole circle.
Further, instead of interlocking my wedges or blocks by projections and recesses
I may leave them with plane surfaces, and connect them by links, leaving them the
same movement within the retaining rings as above described.
I would have it understood that I may make the blocks or wedges for forming
my belt or tire of any suitable shape, according the purpose to which the machine
or vehicle is to be applied, and the nature of the ground over which it will have to
travel, casting them in metal or making them of a combination of metal or of wood,
or of any other suitable material, and I propose that each wedge or block for cach
particular application will be duplicate sets of each other. The surface of the block
or wedge which is to form the treading surface may be plain or corrugated, or
otherwise roughened and may be made with a recess or recesses to hold more firmly
in the soil, if for example the wheels be used for the traction of agricultural
implements.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Richard Waller in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 31st October
1877.
RICHARD WALLER, of Holbeck Moor Foundry, Leeds, in the County of York,
Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS APPLIED TO WHEELS AND OTHER FORMS FOR ROLLING
OVER RAILWAYS, TRAMWAYS, COMMON ROADS, OR ANY SOIL, WHEREBY INCREASED
TRACTION SURFACE OR TRACTIVE ADHESION IS OBTAINED FOR MOUNTING STEEP
GRADIENTS, AND TRAVELLING OVER UNEVEN SURFACES."
My Invention relates to a novel mode of obtaining increased traction surface or
tractive adhesion, whereby the travelling of locomotive engines and vehicles over
the gradients of tramways, over ordinary roadways, and any ground, will be greatly
facilitated, and which may also be used with advantage for the traction of
agricultural and other machinery.
My Invention is based upon the use of a belt, band, or endless chain formed of a
number of blocks or wedges connected by links or otherwise, or interlocking the one
with the other in combination with the rolling parts of an engine or vehicle, in such
wise as to form a tire, the traction surface of which, that is to say, the extent of its
periphery, resting at one time upon the ground during a revolution may be greatly
increased without a corresponding increase in the diameter of the wheels or rolling
parts of the machine or vehicle, and I may in their construction arrange for any
desired length and breadth of bearing surface upon the road.
Where a very considerable traction surface is needed, I may connect or tie my
wedges, or blocks, herein-after termed felloes, "by links, so that they may be put, like
an endless chain or belt, over discs or gathering wheels set upon one, two, or more
axles, which gathering wheels in revolving will drive the belt by means of pins or
projections, or otherwise, the entire weight of the machine or vehicle being brought
upon that part of the belt in contact with the ground, and forming the traction
surface by means of rollers or wheels smaller than the gathering wheels, so as to
cause the weight they carry to be distributed over the Hanges of the road plates,
and to give the requisite bite or grip upon the road or tramway they roll over while
permitting the belt to revolve. These rollers or wheels being carried on the same
frame as the axles of the discs or gathering wheels, driving the belt of felloes and
bearing upon the flanged surfaces of the blocks or felloes within or without the chain
of connecting links.
I may substitute other means for bringing the weights on to the blocks in lieu of
rollers or pulleys placed as aforesaid.
I may drive the gathering wheels actuating my endless helt or travelling tire by
means of spur wheels or other gearing, or I may carry my endless belt over a wheel
of large diameter, with small wheels or guides, to keep it extended near the surface
of the ground, against which it will be pressed, as aforesaid, by a series of rollers
bearing the entire weight of the engine or vehicle, or by other means of securing
the grip or bite upon the way or soil.
It will be seen that an engine, placing my endless chain as I have set forth,
continuously lays its own road as it travels. The combination to which,
however, I give preference in nearly every case, and particularly for travelling
over tramways and common roads is as follows:-I make the segments, blocks,
or felloes of my belts or tire alternately male and female, that is to say,
the one with projections, the next with recesses to receive these projections.
or each wedge may be recessed on the one side to receive a projection on the other,
to form a kind of hinge or he-and-she joint, all these felloes having a flange or lip
on each side, which when the wheel is put together laps on to the inner diameter of
the retaining ring; or as herein-after described in reference to the Drawings, I take
a number of these felloes, according to the diameter of the wheel 1 require, and
place them between two retaining rings, the flanges of the felloes being within the

page_text: inner diameter of each ring until a complete circle is formed, thereby giving the
strong conditions of an inverted arch.
I make the inner diameter of these rings a little more than the diameter of the
circle formed by the flanges of the felloes when placed together, and I fix three rings
to the body of the wheel in any convenient manner. Thus the whole of the felloes
are securely locked, and yet free to move, as I will now explain, in a space left for
that purpose between these locking or retaining rings and the body of the wheel.
When this wheel is rolling there will always be two, three, four, or more of the
felloes (equal to, say from 10 to 20 inches), flat upon the ground to form the traction
surface, according to the difference which I may have arranged for and given to the
inner diameter of the retaining rings and that of the circle of felloes, and, of course,
of the breadth of the road plate of each felloe and the point upon which the felloes
roll when in contact; and as the weight of the engine or vehicle which the wheel
carries causes the two or more felloes forming the treading surface to rise into the
diameter of the wheel, this wheel is no longer a circle but a cam,a flat surface, being
always in contact with the ground, giving a grip or bite for traction which could
not be obtained from a tire made of one piece, and always preserving its circular
form, or only hitherto obtained by other means than the automatic action of the
revolution of the wheel; further, the felloes bearing the weight will in rising
tighten up the other felloes against the inside of the retaining rings and keep the
whole arrangement tight.
I may so place india-rubber or other elastic material between my felloes as to
give a certain amount of elasticity to the whole circle.
Further, instead of interlocking my felloes by projections and recesses, 1 may
have them with plane surfaces, and connect them by links, leaving them the
same movement within the retaining rings as above described; and my wheel,
while giving all the advantages of flexibility of india-rubber tires, gives also a
bearing surface beyond the limit of india-rubber for the same diameter of wheel.
The accompanying six Sheets of Drawings represent wheels and other forms
for rolling embodying my invention with details of construction, similar letters
of reference indicating similar parts, where such parts appear in each of the
Figures respectively.
Upon Sheet Figure 1 represents part of the elevation of the retaining ring
and of solid fellocs forming the im or tire. A indicates the felloe. On the
said felloe, at e, is placed a lip or flange. solid with the felloe, and which
keeps the felloe in its position inside the retairing ring; B is the retaining
ring.
Figure 2 shews half section of a double wheel; A, A, indicates the felloes as
they are when at the upper part of the circle, forming the tire of the whcel;
d, d, are the road plates; a, a, are the ribs to strengthen the road plates; e, e,
indicate the lip or flange (which can be made moveable when required); b, b, are
knuckles which are made to work in a recess of the same shape and size, as
seen at Fig. 11, and Fig. 14, and known as he-and-she joints; B, B, B. are the
retaining rings, which are fixed upon the rings D, D, D, which form the body and
structure of the wheel; F. F, F, are the spokes which are fixed into the flanges of
the rings D, D, D. and into the boss G.
Figure 3 is a part of a wheel, shewing the positions of the fellocs A as they
are when on the ground, stationary or travelling: B is the retaining ring;
d, g, g, shew links, which are secured by means of pins fixed in the centre of
the felloes, and thereby dispensing with the knuckles, or he-and-she joints, which
are shewn in Figs. 11, 12, 13, and 14.
Figure 4 shews part of a ring D, to which is fixed a felloe holder or plate B, a
series of which fixed on to rings D, D, as shewn in Fig. 5, dispense with the
retaining ring. These plates can be adjusted to tighten up the felloes, as the joints
b, b, and b (see Fig. 14) may require in case of wear. Slot holes are provided at
the nuts on the side of the plate, and a screw nut is at the bottom of each plate

page_text: at f*, which acts against the inner edge of ring D, and thereby drawing down the
plate B lessens the diameter of the tire.
Figure 5 shews a section of Fig. 4; B, B, are the retaining plates, as described
in Fig. 4; D, D, are the flanged rings on which the retaining plates are fixed;
F, F, are the spokes.
Figures 7 and 8 show elevation and section of wheel ring and segments which
act as retaining rings, and are adjustable by placing metal liners or packing for the
purpose of compensating for the wear of the felloe joints; B*, B°, are the retaining
segments which are placed so as to form a ring in which the fellocs work, as
described in Fig. 2; these segments are arranged so that they can be adjusted
in case of wear, by placing a number of thin iron plates, or thin sheet iron, or other
packing between each linib of each segment and the flange of the ring, as will be
seen at f, f; these segments are fixed to tings D. D, as shown; D is the ring on
which the segments B*, B*, are fixed, also shewing the sheet-iron liners or plates;
these liners or plates are arranged for the purpose of compensating for the wear of
the felloe joints by removing one plate at a time from each side of the segments..
Figure 9 shows a modification of the retaining segments; and Figure 10 is the
plan of Fig. 9; these segments instead of being placed independently on the ring,
as described in Figs. 7 and 8, are here bolted together, as shown at f**, **. The
plate E unites the two rings D, D, a series of these plates keeping the two rings
apart in the entire circumference of the wheel; or a continuous rim of metal may
be fixed in lieu of this series of plates.
In Figure 11 A shows an end view of a felloe with the knuckles or he joint b,
and the end of flange or lip e; this lip has packing of thin, sheet-iron plates, as
seen at f. By taking one of these plates from under the lip of one or more of the
felloes the whole nuinber are to that extent made to recompense the distance made
from wear between the joints. At * is shown an important arrangement for the
preservation of the joints b, b, from wearing. All the felloes roll at this point of
contact, and thus prevent wear of the knuckle or he-and-she joints.
Figures 12, 13, and 14 show the manner in which the lips e are fixed, namely,
by a bolt e passing through the ends of the felloes, or by a nut-headed screw.
Many other means could be adopted to regulate this lip c. a, a, a, are ribs to
strengthen the felloe.
Upon Sheet No. 2 Figure 1 shews in elevation a wrought-iron angular-spoked
wheel embodying my invention. X is the road, four road plates d, d, being
represented flat on the ground; C, C, are the stays which hold the retaining ring B;
E.E, are the plates which determine the distance between the angle iron ringsD,D;
F, F, are the spokes; G, G, is the boss and driving crank; a, a, are the ribs or
strengtheningpieces in the felloes; b,b,shows the knuckle or "he"-and-"she" joints;
e, e, is the lip or flange of the felloc; e' is the driving tooth which works in a
corresponding notch in the flange of the retaining rings or segments; c,c,shews the
recess or "she" joint of the felloe in which b works; b*, *, represent the points of
contact or buttresses of the felloes. The angles of these points of contact are taken
from the centre of the "he"-and-"she" knuckle joints, and govern the curve from the
point where this circle breaks to give the treading surface, and from the point at
which the circle recommences. It will also be seen that the point or buttress b*,6°,
takes the friction off the knuckle joints. thereby preserving them from wear. B, B,
is the retaining ring, as referred to and explained in connection with Sheet No. 1.
B**,B**. is a flange on retaining ring and segments for the purpose of receiving the
lips of the felloes. The retaining rings shown, Figs. 1 and 3, Sheet 1, do not
require this flange.
Figure 2 shows the same wheel in section, taken through the centre of Fig. 1.
A, A, are the felloes: B, B, the retaining ring by which the felloes are bound in
their circle; **, **, their flanges; D.D, are the rings on which the retaining ring
stays are fixed: C, C, the retaining ring stays; E, E, are the plates which determine
the distance between the rings D, D, on which the spokes F. F. are fixed: G, G, is

page_text: the boss into which the spokes are fixed; X is the road line on which the wheel
stands.
Figure 3 is a plan view of a felloe detached.
Upon Sheet No. 3 Figure 1 shews an end view of two wheels embodying my
Invention, set so as to work upon the same shaft by means of clutches or otherwise,
the letters on the same have been referred to and explained for the same purposes
in Sheets No.1 and No.2, excepting in so far as regards the segment plates B,B. As
will be seen on reference to the Drawing they are Bolted to the flanges on boss G;
these wheels on shaft F, as will be seen in Fig. 2, are intended to work with or
without the laths D: these will be required when the wheel is used to roll over
soft ground, as in agricultural cases, where heavy engines have to carry ploughing
tackle. The wheels are adjusted at each end of the shaft, so that the felloes can be
opposite each other in order that the laths can be fixed on to each felloe across, from
one wheel to the other, the wheels thus connected will have the appearance of a
drum or of a wider roller. I may, however, dispense with the laths if the ground
be sufficiently firm. It must be understood that these laths are portable and can
be added when required. The laths are fixed to each felloe at c, c, by two bolts, as
will be seen in the section of the wheel in Fig. 2.
When desired for hauling purposes, if the traction force is found not to be
sufficient on slippery ground, shoes or projections E, E, E, are proposed to be
added and fixed to the laths D, D, D, as seen in Figs. 3 and 4. Another modification
of shoes, when the laths are dispensed with, is proposed, as in Fig 6, where they
are alternately fixed to the road plates d, d. When the ground is covered with ice
or frozen snow prods E, E, can be attached to the felloes and fixed on the road plate,
as seen in Figure 5. Two prods are proposed to be fixed on to each felloe. They
are hooked on at g, g, to the ends of the flange of the road plate, at the centre of
which they are bolted.
These traction wheels, in consequence of presenting always a flat surface to the
ground, may be used for a variety of agricultural purposes. They may be applied
to nearly all purposes to which animal power is considered to be indispensable.
Light and inexpensive traction engines could be so arranged as to haul the plough
and various other agricultural implements. In such case, when the engine equals
one horse power, this traction wheel can be so modified in its diameter, width of
felloe (or tire), weight, and strength as to meet all requirements for such a size of
engine. That to increase the power and size of the engine will in no wise interfere
with the principles proposed in using these engines for hauling purposes of whatever
nature.
The projections E added to the felloes, as shown at Figure 6, will act as would
horses' feet upon the soil, causing no greater disturbance of the surface over which
the wheel is travelling.
Upon Sheet No. 4 Figure 1 is an end view showing one application of my
Invention to a traction engine, and Figure 2 is a side view of same. On the
shafts E, E, are placed discs or gathering wheels, over which an endless belt is
actuated or caused to perform the action of laying its own road. A, A, are the
felloes which compose the belt; B, B, are the discs or gathering wheels; h, h, are
the teeth, which receive the lugs of each felloe, and which act as links, as will be
seen by the Drawing at Figure 2. At. D, D, will be seen, on reference to the Drawing,
rollers on. pulleys arranged in a frame so as to travel on the flanges of the road
plates d, d; C, C. are the side plates in which the shafts E, E, work. At the ends
of the shafts E, E, outside the plates C. C, are fixed wheels G, G, which are geared
so as to actuate the discs B, B. The wheels F, F, are geared with the disk
wheels G, G, and the pinions I, I, are geared with the wheels F, F, and the said
pinions are actuated by the chain pulleys H, H, with the usual appliances from the
engine, and thus motion is given to the oblong wheel or roller; M, M, is a portion
of the frame to which the various parts of the plates C. C, are fixed; a, a, are ribs
to strengthen the road plates d, d, and g, g, are the nut-headed pins on which the

page_text: rollers or pulleys D, D, work; /, /, are the pins which link the lugs of the felloes.
These lugs can either be cast on the road plates, as they may be made of wrought
iron and rivetted to the road plates d, d, as shewn in the Drawings. Jis the boiler;
K is the fire-box thereof. These oblong wheels can have laths placed across from
one to the other in the manner described in Sheet N° 3, and can be utilised
accordingly.
Upon Sheet No. 5 Figures 1, 2, and 3 represent in section and elevation an
arrangement of toothed or corrugated felloes running upon a tram rail of cor-
responding form.
A, A, show the felloes of the wheel; B, B, shows the frame in which the wheel
is held and in which the shaft E works; G, G, are cranks placed at right angles,
and with connecting rods to actuate the same from the engine; D, D, are the guide
wheels which run on each side of the rail H. This contrivance is for the purpose of
keeping the felloes of the wheel on the rail, and which appliances are specially
contrived where a central or single rail may be used.
Figure 2 shews more directly the corrugations or teeth of the rail corresponding
with the form given to the felloes of the wheel. It will be seen by the Drawing
in Figure 2 that the principle of my traction wheel is here applied; Figure 2
showing the flat condition of the wheel on the rail while in motion. This arrange-
ment is specially adapted for steep gradients.
Figure 3 shows an arrangement which may be used on one central rail or on
double rails (in which latter case the angular guide runners or wheels can be
dispensed with), and may be driven by cranks or gearings singly, as shown in Figs. 1
and 2, or in coupled pairs driven by connecting and coupling rods direct or other-
wise by proper arrangements with an endless chain from the engine.
Upon Sheet No. 10 Figure 1 shows elevation of a portion of the retaining
ring (B, B,) of a wheel and the knuckle joints (b, b,) of the felloes in their position
on the road. These felloes (A, A,) differ only from the others already described by
having a projecting tongue or guard L, L, and a corresponding recess, shewn at
m on the road plate d, for the same to work into. By this contrivance when
travelling over soft soil or roads the debris or clay may be to some extent
prevented from gathering inside the felloes.
Another plan to prevent accumulation is to fill the felloes with light wood,
or to cover them with thin sheet metal, but so arranged as not to come into
contact with the moving parts thereof.
Figure 2 shews elevation of a driving or gathering wheel B, over the upper
part of which travels an endless band or tire E formed of road plates d jointed
by links or similar contrivances, as will be seen in the Drawings. The lower
part of the belt or band E is guided so as to be laid by the guiding pullies C, C,
on the road over which the driving or gathering wheel B passes. The gathering
wheel may have on its periphery teeth or notches with corresponding forms on
the road plates. Outside the frame I connect the two pullies C, C, by a chain or
belt actuated by projections on the pulleys for the purpose of making each of them
revolve together in accordance with the direction in which the engine travels. I
would here observe that the rollers D. rolling in the road plates d, carry the whole
weight of the engine, as above described, in relation to the oblong wheels, Sheet
No. 4. R is the frame in which the gathering wheel works; and at C, C, are
round pulleys (not shown), two at each end, between which the endless band will
be guided. These pulleys may be covered by any flexible material, vulcanised
india-rubber or other. Another mode is for them to roll over forms, square, or
of as many sides thereon as may be desired, but all must be covered with
flexible material. The outermost pulley or guide will have to be so arranged
that it can be adjusted so as to keep the endless band free to work without
shaking. G, G. are fenders provided to prevent obstruction on the road upon
which this arrangement of obtaining traction surface is used.
Figure 3 shews the side elevation, and Fig. 4, the section of a double traction
wheel or roller adapted for the rolling and making of roads.

page_text: The felloes A, A, are made solid with the knuckle joints he and she to pass the
whole width from one side of the felloe to the other, as shown at b, b. The dotted
line b shews the central point on which the felloes roll one against the other. The
wheel corresponds, as will be seen, with the general form of the traction wheel, and
by reason of the felloes laying themselves one after another in succession on the
road throughout the revolution of the wheel, the whole length of the road over
which the wheel passes is flattened without raising before it a hill, as is always the
case in an ordinary roller of the road-making machine. The hill of broken
stones, which the ordinary roller pushes before it, cannot exist when this traction
roller is used. Moreover, this wheel can be used to ascend hills of considerable
gradients in road making, whereas the roller in present use revolves without moving
the engine, and consequently is useless for gradients beyond a certain incline. If,
however, the engine ascends an incline, which the rollers themselves cannot mount,
prods have to be bolted on to the outside of the rim of the wheel to assist the engine
to travel, thereby digging into and injuring the very surface of the road it is sought
to render smooth, firm, and hard for traffic. G, G, is the boss through which the
shaft passes. B, B, are the segment plates which are bolted (at f, f,) on each side of
the wheel; at e, e, e, the lips of the felloes A, A, are shown in their positions, as
will be seen on reference to the Drawing. d, d, is the projecting flange on each
felloc, but which is considerably thicker than in the general traction wheel arrange-
ments. In this road-making wheel the flange part of the segment plates B, B,
which act as the retaining rings, are arranged to touch the flanges of the road
plates d, d, on the felloes as the wheel rotates.
I would have it understood that I may make the blocks or felloes for forming my
belt or tire of any suitable shape, according to the purpose to which the machine or
vehicle is to be applied, and the nature of the ground over which it will have to
travel, casting them in metal or making them of a combination of metal or of wood,
paper, or of any other suitable material, and I propose that each block or felloe
for cach particular application will be duplicate sets of each other.
The surface of the block or felloe, which is to form the treading surface, may be
plane or corrugated, or otherwise roughened, and may be made with a recess or
recesses to hold more firmly in the soil if, for example, the wheels be used for the
traction of agricultural implements.
] would here observe that I may increase the parabola above referred to,
particularly in wheels for road-making engines.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is or may be performed, I claim as of the Invention
secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent,
Firstly. The combination of the felloes with their retaining rings to form a
wheel with fixed, yet flexible tire, giving a flat traction surface or tractive
adhesion, the whole constructed and adopted to operate substantially as herein-
before set forth.
1
Secondly. The combination of the felloes with retaining plates or segments of
retaining rings, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Thirdly. The combination to form oblong wheels or other forms for rolling, laying
their own road, of a belt of felloes or moveable tire with wheels or rollers to keep it
extended, to lay the felloes to form the flat traction surface, and to gather them up
as the engine travels backward or forward, substantially as herein-before set forth.
Fourthly. The combination of rollers or pulleys with the frame of the engine or
machine, so as to carry its entire weight, and to travel on the flanges of the road
plates forming the rim of the travelling belt of felloes or moveable tire, substantially
as herein-before described.
Fifthly. The application of my mode of obtaining increased traction surface, or
traction adhesion to tramways having a single rail or a double rail, substantially as
herein-before described.
Sixthly. The application of my combination of felloes and retaining ring to form

page_text: the tires of a double traction wheel or roller adapted for the rolling and making of
roads, substantially as set forth.
Seventhly. The application of laths to the felloes of my improved wheels or other
forms for rolling, substantially as and for the purposes herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Waller, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Thirtieth day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-seven.
RICHARD WALLER. (L.S.)

page_text: age 2, line 15, for "way" read "road"
66
after according "
2,
48, insert "to" after
"
3,
"
47, for "belts " read
belt
"
"
4,
و,
""
,,
"
=
4,
4,
4,
6,
6,
7,
7,
8,
"
"
"
""
4, for three " read
these
36, for "ring" read "rings"
49, for ¨* d. g. g. ” read "g. g. g. "
66
53, for dispense " read "dispenses
read wide"
15, for
48, for
wider
C C
on" read" or "
"3
"
2, for
as" read " or
""
26, for
10" read 6"
23, for "on" read
8. 41, for
or
3
adopted" read "adapted
"

page_text: Fardion am Plan of What Rem with ingår Iron Buckling Platie and
adjustable mier Segments complet together, and Bratis with Sheet Iron
Te for componenting for the war of the folle fonts.

page_text: an arrangement of Touthed of bogated fellers
ronning a Tram Rail of corresponding form
The
angular.whole or panners in the enteredges, an
to dia Spiding power - This arrangment"
may be used in en timbral Rail andable-reds
and may driven by Cranks or Gering. Singly
as Sheen in glx, or in coupled pairs
Brun by founting and Coupling Rods
as shown in A4.5.