IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CUTTING COTTON, WOOLLEN SILK, OR OTHER PILE FABRICS
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Brown, Dyer and Finisher of Fustians, William
Dean, Overlooker, and Arthur Orrah, all of Huddersfield, in the County of
York, for the Invention of " IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CUTTING COTTON,
WOOLLEN SILK, OR OTHER PILE FABRICS."
Sealed the 9th September 1876, and dated the 15th March 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Brown, William Dean,
and Arthur Orrah at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th
March 1876.
JOHN BROWN, Dyer and Finisher of Fustians, WILLIAM DEAN, Overlooker, and
ARTHUR ORRAH, all of Huddersfield, in the County of York. "IMPROVED APPARATUS
FOR CUTTING COTTON, WOOLLEN, SILK, OR OTHER PILE FABRICS."
This Invention consists in the use of a combination of circular rotary cutters or
circular rotating knives and guides for cutting at one operation the several races
or ribs of a piece.
We employ as many strips of metal and as many rotary cutters as there are races
or ribs in the piece to be cut. Each of the strips of metal are folded and pointed
at one end, the pointed end is tapered so as to enter or be received within a race or
rib; the folds of each strip form guides for the rotary knife, there being a rotary
knife having a portion of its diameter and cutting edge within the folds formed by
each of the several strips of metal; the rotary cutters are mounted on a shaft which
is caused to rotate. The piece to be cut is drawn by means of rollers to the pointed
and folded guides and against the rotating cutters, the point of the guide holding
the race or rib firmly whilst exposed to the action of the rotary cutters, and so the
pile is formed by the knives cutting the races or ribs.
.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Brown, William Dean, and Arthur Orrah in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 15th September 1876.
JOHN BROWN, Dyer and Finisher of Fustians, WILLIAM DEAN, Overlooker, and
ARTHUR ORRAH, all of Huddersfield, in the County of York. "IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR CUTTING COTTON, WOOLLEN, SILK, OR OTHER PILE FABRICS.”
This Invention consists in the use of a combination of circular rotary cutters or
circular rotating knives and guides for cutting at one operation the several races or
ribs of a piece.
We employ as many strips of metal and as many rotary cutters as there are :
races or ribs in the piece to be cut. Each of the strips of metal is folded or doubled
and pointed at one end; the pointed end is tapered so as to enter or be received
within a race or rib; the folded or doubled strips form guides for the rotary knife,
there being a rotary knife having a portion of its diameter and cutting edgo within
the folds formed by cach of the several strips of metal. The rotary cutters are 1
mounted on a shaft which is caused to rotate. The pieco to be cut is drawn by
means of rollers to the pointed and folded or doubled guides, and against the
rotating cutters, the point of the guide holding the race or rib firmly whilst
exposed to the action of the rotary cutters, and so the pile is formed by the knives
cutting the races or ribs.
Such being the nature and object of this our said Invention, we will now proceed
to describe the same in detail, and in order that the same may be fully understood
we have hereunto annexed three Sheets of Drawings, and have marked the same with
figures and letters of reference.
At Fig. A is shown a strip of metal, which when folded or doubled forms the
guide similar to an ordinary "cutter guide" edge view and side view of the latter,
being illustrated by Figs. B and C. Figs. D, E, and F shew guides having a slit,
through which, as shewn at Fig. G, the circular cutting edge of the knife protrudes.
At Fig. H is shewn a circular knife and guide, there being no slit in the latter nor
protrusion of the circular cutter. Figs. A to H inclusive, are drawn about full size.
On Sheet 2 Fig. J is a vertical section of a machine with the combined guides
and rotary cutters in position; Fig. K is a plan view of part of the machine;
Fig. M is an elevation of the gearing end of the machine; Fig. P is a plan view of
Fig. M.
At 1 is shewn the strip as made ready for folding or doubling. Fig. B is a plan
view of the same; and Fig. C is a side elevation thereof when folded or doubled;
Figs. D, E, and F are like viows, but in this case a slit or opening 2 is made
through which the edge of the rotary cutters 3 slightly protrude (as shewn at
Fig. G), for the purpose of allowing the circular cutter to work near to the point of
the guide 1; Fig. H is a like view of rotary cutter and guide in working position,
but not protruding; this arrangement is botter adapted for stronger circular
cutters for cutting thick pile fabrics. It will however be seen that in either case a
portion of the outer diameter of the cutters is within and embraced by the folded
or doubled sides of the strip guides. The portion 4 of the guides 1 admits of the
circular cutters 3 being raised (as herein-after explained) without being entirely
cleared of the sides of the guide, so that the cutters' position relative to the guides is
always maintained. The circular cutters have a key bed 5 formed therein for the
purpose of securing the cutters on the shaft 6. The means of imparting rotary
motion to the cutters 3 and shaft 6 will be explained hereafter. The guides 1 are
supported in working position by the "comb" or notched bar 7 and plain bar 8,
being held on the said bars by the elatic bands 9. The pointed taper end 10 of
the guide enters or is received within the "race or "rib" of the piece 11, there
being, as will be understood, a rotary cutter 3 and a pointed guide 1 for each and
every "race
or "rib" across the width of the piece 11 to be cut. 12, 12, 12, are
guide and stretching rollers for holding the piece stretched and in proper position
"
,,

page_text: "
for being cut as it is drawn through the machine (in the direction of the arrows)
and wound upon the roller or beam 13 as cut. The shaft 6 and rotary knives 3 are
caused to revolve rapidly by means of the driving pulleys 14, 15, on the shaft 16,
and on the latter is a large pulley 17, which by means of the belt and small
pulley 18 gives the requisite rotation to the shaft 6 and circular knives 3. The
picce is drawn through the machine and under the circular knives by means of the
gearing as follows: On the other end of the shaft 16 (see Figs. M and P) is a
pulley 19 driving by means of the strap 20 and loose and fast pulleys 21, 22, tho
pinion wheel formed on or attached to the boss of the fast pulley 22; this pinion and
the pulleys run loosely on the shaft 24. The pinion 23 drives the wlicel 25, on
the boss of which is a pinion 26, the latter giving a slow rotation to the wheel 27,
on the shaft 24 of which is the toothed or card grip roller 28 for drawing the
'piece" through the machine which is then wound upon the piece roller or
beam 13, the latter receiving rotary motion from the shaft 16 by means of the strap
and pulley 31. At Fig. J is shewn a hand wheel, worm, and worm wheel 32 for
tightening the piece 11 by means of the stretching bars 33 and rollers or rods 34, 34.
At 35 there is a tension device for holding the loose end of the piece, this is raised
clear of the piece 11, when the strap 20 is transferred to the pulley 22 by means of
the rod 36; the arm and incline 37 are operated by the motion of the strap fork
rod 36, raising the device clear of or above the piece. The circular knives 3 are
lifted clear of or above the piece 11 when required by means of the handle 39 and
lover 40, which is similar to the ordinary lifter on a "Lewis machine" or " broad per-
petual," the guides 1 being also raised by the same means clear of the piece, as the
comb 7 and bar 8 are attached to the cross rail 42, which latter is connected with the
lever 40 and turns upon its end pins or pivots 43, the exact position of the lever 40,
and so the position and depth of the cut of the circular knives 3 is determined
by means of the adjusting screw 44.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of our said Invention,
together with the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or
carried into practical effect, we would have it understood that we claim, the use of
the circular rotary cutters or knives 3 in combination with the guides 1, in the
manner and for the purpose, as herein fully described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Brown, William Dean, and Arthur
Orrah, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this 13th day of September,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred andseventy-six.
Witness,
WALTER BRIERLEY,
Patent Agent.
Halifax & Blackburn.
(L.S.)
JOHN BROWN.
WILLIAM DEAN. (L.S.)
ARTHUR ORRAH. (L.S.)