IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CUTTING OF PAPER FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ENVELOPES, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1844

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
WILSON, of Saint Martin's Court, Saint Martin's Lane, in. the County of Mid-
dlesex, Stationer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Nineteenth day of June, in the seventh year of Her reign,
did, for Ierself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
George Wilson, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said George Wilson, my exors, adññors, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said George Wilson, my exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during
the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CUTTING OF PAPER FOR THE
MANUFACTURE OF ENVELOPES, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES;" in which said Letters
Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said George Wilson, shall cause a
particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
George Wilson, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described

page_text: and ascertained, in and by the following statement thereof, reference being
had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon (that is to say) :-
In the manufacture of envelopes as heretofore practised much paper is
wasted, owing to the web of machine-made paper being first cut into
rectangular sheets and then divided into suitable forms for making envelopes.
Now the object of my Invention is so to cut paper into sheets, that much of
the waste heretofore consequent on cutting envelopes from rectangular sheets of
paper shall be avoided; and the Invention consists of cutting paper into sheets in
such manner that, in place of making the cut at right angles or perpendicular
to the straight edges thereof as heretofore, the cut is made in an inclined or
diagonal direction to the straight edges of the paper, as will be hereafter
explained. And in order that the Invention may be most fully understood,
and readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the means pursued
by me.
paper
In cutting a web of machine-made paper into suitable sheets, for the
manufacture of envelopes, the paper has been divided or cut longitudinally,
and the transverse cut dividing the paper into sheets has been heretofore
performed at right angles to the longitudinal cut. In carrying out my Inven-
tion the paper is to be cut longitudinally to obtain the proper widths of
as heretofore, and in place of the transverse cut being made at right angles
to the longitudinal cut, it is to incline thereto at such an angle as is required
for the particular size or form of envelope to be made from the sheets of
paper, and this may be accomplished by any suitable machinery or means
for cutting paper without departing from my Invention. The machinery which
is now used in carrying out my Invention, and which I believe to be the most
convenient for the purpose, I will describe; at the same I would remark, that
the construction of such machinery forms no part of my Invention, and other
machinery may be employed, so long as it is arranged suitably for cutting the
paper into angular sheets, such as are hereafter explained.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 represents a portion of a web of machine-made paper on a
reduced size. The red lines indicate the ordinary longitudinal cuts; the blue
diagonal lines represent the cuts for working it into sheets according to my
Invention, by which means webs of machine-made paper will be cut into
sheets, and the sheets cut into shapes for envelopes, avoiding the waste
heretofore resulting from the mode formerly practised of cutting machine-made
paper into envelopes.

page_text: Figure 2 shews one of the diagonal sheets of paper, the black dotted lines
indicating that the sheet of diagonally-cut paper may be cut into nine pieces,
cach proper for an envelope of the shape shewn at æ, or of other form.
Figure 3 shews a sheet of paper, such as has heretofore been used for
making envelopes of a like size to those shewn at Figure 2, and the waste
in making nine envelopes from the sheet of paper, Figure 8, would be equal;
to the angular portions of paper a, b, all which will be saved by cutting the
I have not thought it necessary
paper diagonally according to my Invention.
to shew other sheets of paper for making other sizes of envelopes, and would
only remark in respect thereto, that in making the diagonal cut I have the;
cutter so arranged as to be capable of adjustment, so as to produce the
diagonal cut required for a particular size or form of envelope.
Figure 4 shews a side elevation; Figure 5, a plan; and Figure 6 is a
longitudinal section of the machine used by me in carrying out my Invention,
which as before stated is of a well-known construction (commonly called
Fourdrinier's Patent Cutting Machine), but suitably arranged for making the
transverse cut diagonally in place of being at right angles, and is also so
arranged that the transverse knife or cutter may be adjusted to the diagonal
cut required for the size of envelope to be made. A is a frame for bed-knife;
B is the upper knife; C is the shaft for upper knife; D is a centre that
upper knife B and bed frame turn upon; E is a segment, radiating from
the centre D, where the end of the knife frame A and upper knife B can
be fixed so as to cut the paper at the angle that may be required. F is a
balance weight to lift the upper knife after it has made the cut; G. G, are
two conical rolls, the lower one is driven off the circular cutter shaft M, and
the upper one is driven by a pinion off the lower. Note, the upper G roll
is not shewn in the elevation. His a jointed lever (on the same socket as
the balance weight F), and keyed on the shaft C; it is lifted by a tappet fixed
on the driving shaft 1. I is the driving shaft, giving alternate motion to the
quadrant and pall arm at one end, and to the tappet and jointed lever I at
the other. (Note, a sketch of the balance weight and lever is shewn detached
at Figure 7. K is a large drum, driven by the friction of the endless cloth
passing over the guide rolls Q, Q, Q, and receiving its motion from the roll N.
M, M, are two shafts (in constant motion) carrying the moveable circular
cutters (making the longitudinally cut) and driven by a train of wheel off the
lower shaft T. 0, 0, are two guide rolls, driven by the roll N. P, P, are
two rolls to carry an endless cloth, and driven by a train of pinions from the
roll N; R, R, are the reels carrying the paper to be cut; S, S, guide rolls
to carry the paper from the reels to the drum K; T is the lower driving shaft
:

page_text: carrying the clutch and cone as shewn in plans. Note, the sections of the
upper and lower knives A and B, and conical rolls G, G, are at right angles,
and on the line U, V. The red line shews the course of the paper; the
green lines shew the course of the endless cloths.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the best means I am
acquainted with for performing the same, I would wish it to be understood that
what I claim is the cutting paper for the manufacture of envelopes, whereby
the sheets are cut with diagonal ends as herein described, and whereby much
of the loss heretofore consequent on cutting sheets into rectangular figures,
and then cutting such sheets into envelopes is avoided.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Wilson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-four.

page_text: En the Matter of a Patent granted to GEORGE WILSON, of Saint
Martin's Court, Saint Martin's Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Stationer, for his Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CUTTING OF
PAPER FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ENVELOPES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES,"
bearing date at Westminster, the Nineteenth day of June, in the
Seventh year of the reign of Her present most Excellent
Majesty.
DISCLAIMER proposed to be entered by the said George Wilson with the
Clerk of the Patents of England, pursuant to an Act passed in the fifth
and sixth year of the reign of His late Majesty King William the Fourth,
intituled "An Act to amend the Law touching Letters l'atents for
Inventions."
I, the said George Wilson, do declare, that since I obtained the said Letters
Patent, I have discovered that the Invention which was intended to have
been described under that part of the title which is contained in the following
words, "and for other purposes," is not of such practical utility as would make
t desirable to retain it in the said Patent; for which reason I am desirous
to and do hereby disclaim all that part of the title which is contained in the
following words, "and for other purposes."
In witness whereof, I, the said George Wilson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-four.
GEORGE WILSON.
This is to certify that be above-named George Wilson, has applied to me
for leave to enter the above-written Disclaimer of part of the title & Speci-
fication of a certain Invention, for which Letters Patent were duly granted
to him under the Great Seal of Great Britain, dated at Westminster the
Nineteenth day of June, in the 7th year of Her Majesty's reign, and the
Specification of which was enrolled on the *
And having considered of the said application. & no obiection having been

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
WILSON, of Saint Martin's Court, Saint Martin's Lane, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, Stationer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Nineteenth day of June, in the seventh year of Her reign,
did, for Ierself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
George Wilson, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said George Wilson, my exors, adññors, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said George Wilson, my exors, adññiors, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during
the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CUTTING OF PAPER FOR THE
MANUFACTURE OF ENVELOPES, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES;" in which said Letters
Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said George Wilson, shall cause a
particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be iurolled in Her said Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
George Wilson, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described

page_text: and ascertained, in and by the following statement thereof, reference being
had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon (that is to say) :-
In the manufacture of envelopes as heretofore practised much paper is
wasted, owing to the web of machine-made paper being first cut into
rectangular sheets and then divided into suitable forms for making envelopes.
Now the object of my Invention is so to cut paper into sheets, that much of
the waste heretofore consequent on cutting envelopes from rectangular sheets of
paper shall be avoided; and the Invention consists of cutting paper into sheets in
such manner that, in place of making the cut at right angles or perpendicular
to the straight edges thereof as heretofore, the cut is made in an inclined or
diagonal direction to the straight edges of the paper, as will be hereafter
explained. And in order that the Invention may be most fully understood,
and readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the means pursued
by me.
In cutting a web of machine-made paper into suitable sheets, for the
manufacture of envelopes, the paper has been divided or cut longitudinally,
and the transverse cut dividing the paper into sheets has been heretofore
performed at right angles to the longitudinal cut. In carrying out my Inven-
tion the paper is to be cut longitudinally to obtain the proper widths of paper
as heretofore, and in place of the transverse cut being made at right angles
to the longitudinal cut, it is to incline thereto at such an angle as is required
for the particular size or form of envelope to be made from the sheets of
paper, and this may be accomplished by any suitable machinery or means
for cutting paper without departing from my Invention. The machinery which
is now used in carrying out my Invention, and which I believe to be the most
convenient for the purpose, I will describe; at the same I would remark, that
the construction of such machinery forms no part of my Invention, and other
machinery may be employed, so long as it is arranged suitably for cutting the
paper into angular sheets, such as are hereafter explained.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 represents a portion of a web of machine-made paper on a
reduced size. The red lines indicate the ordinary longitudinal cuts; the blue
diagonal lines represent the cuts for working it into sheets according to my
Invention, by which means webs of machine-made paper will be cut into
sheets, and the sheets cut into shapes for envelopes, avoiding the waste
heretofore resulting from the mode formerly practised of cutting machine-made
paper into envelopes.

page_text: Figure 2 shews one of the diagonal sheets of paper, the black dotted lines
indicating that the sheet of diagonally-cut paper may be cut into nine pieces,
cach proper for an envelope of the shape shewn at x, or of other form.
Figure 3 shews a sheet of paper, such as has heretofore been used for
making envelopes of a like size to those shewn at Figure 2, and the waste
in making nine envelopes from the sheet of paper, Figure 3, would be equal
to the angular portions of paper a, b, all which will be saved by cutting the
I have not thought it necessary
paper diagonally according to my Invention.
to shew other sheets of paper for making other sizes of envelopes, and would
only remark in respect thereto, that in making the diagonal cut I have the
cutter so arranged as to be capable of adjustment, so as to produce the
diagonal cut required for a particular size or form of envelope.
Figure 4 shews a side elevation; Figure 5, a plan; and Figure 6 is a
longitudinal section of the machine used by me in carrying out my Invention,
which as before stated is of a well-known construction (commonly called
Fourdrinier's Patent Cutting Machine), but suitably arranged for making the
transverse cut diagonally in place of being at right angles, and is also so
arranged that the transverse knife or cutter may be adjusted to the diagonal
cut required for the size of envelope to be made. A is a frame for bed-knife;
B is the upper knife; C is the shaft for upper knife; D is a centre that
upper knife B and bed frame turn upon; E is a segment, radiating from
the centre D, where the end of the knife frame A and upper knife B can
be fixed so as to cut the paper at the angle that may be required. F is a
balance weight to lift the upper knife after it has made the cut; G. G, are
two conical rolls, the lower one is driven off the circular cutter shaft M, and
the upper one is driven by a pinion off the lower. Note, the upper G roll
is not shewn in the elevation. H is a jointed lever (on the same socket as
the balance weight F), and keyed on the shaft C; it is lifted by a tappet fixed
on the driving shaft I. I is the driving shaft, giving alternate motion to the
quadrant and pall arm at one end, and to the tappet and jointed lever II at
the other. (Note, a sketch of the balance weight and lever is shewn detached
at Figure 7. K is a large drum, driven by the friction of the endless cloth
passing over the guide rolls Q, Q, Q, and receiving its motion from the roll N.
M, M, are two shafts (in constant motion) carrying the moveable circular
cutters (making the longitudinally cut) and driven by a train of wheel off the
lower shaft T. 0, 0, are two guide rolls, driven by the roll N. P, P, are
two rolls to carry an endless cloth, and driven by a train of pinions from the
roll N; R, R, are the reels carrying the paper to be cut; S, S, guide rolls
to carry the paper from the reels to the drum K; T is the lower driving shaft

page_text: carrying the clutch and cone as shewn in plans. Note, the sections of the
upper and lower knives A and B, and conical rolls G, G, are at right angles,
and on the line U, V. The red line shews the course of the paper; the
green lines shew the course of the endless cloths.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the best means I am
acquainted with for performing the same, I would wish it to be understood that
what I claim is the cutting paper for the manufacture of envelopes, whereby
the sheets are cut with diagonal ends as herein described, and whereby much
of the loss heretofore consequent on cutting sheets into rectangular figures,
and then cutting such sheets into envelopes is avoided.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Wilson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-four.

page_text: En the Matter of a Patent granted to GEORGE WILSON, of Saint
Martin's Court, Saint Martin's Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Stationer, for his Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CUTTING OF
PAPER FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ENVELOPES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES,"
bearing date at Westminster, the Nineteenth day of June, in the
Seventh year of the reign of Her present most Excellent
Majesty.
DISCLAIMER proposed to be entered by the said George Wilson with the
Clerk of the Patents of England, pursuant to an Act passed in the fifth
and sixth year of the reign of His late Majesty King William the Fourth,
intituled "An Act to amend the Law touching Letters Patents for
Inventions."
I, the said George Wilson, do declare, that since I obtained the said Letters
Patent, I have discovered that the Invention which was intended to have
been described under that part of the title which is contained in the following
words, "and for other purposes," is not of such practical utility as would make
it desirable to retain it in the said Patent; for which reason I am desirous
to and do hereby disclaim all that part of the title which is contained in the
following words, "and for other purposes."
In witness whereof, I, the said George Wilson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-four.
This is to certify that be above-named George Wilson, has applied to me
for leave to enter the above-written Disclaimer of part of the title & Speci-
fication of a certain Invention, for which Letters Patent were duly granted
to him under the Great Seal of Great Britain, dated at Westminster the
Nineteenth day of June, in the 7th year of Her Majesty's reign, and the
Specification of which was enrolled on the *
1
alisation