Improvements in and relating to Ball Bearings for Velocipedes.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Oct., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 29th June, 1894-Accepted 4th Aug., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Ball Bearings for Velocipedes.
We, FREDERICK SAMUEL BUCKINGHAM, Manager of Works, and WILLIAM
NEWTON, Cycle Manufacturer, both of the Elswick Cycle Works, Newcastle-on-
Tyne, in the County of Northumberland, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to an improved device for locking the adjustable cups or
cones used for ball bearings in the parts adapted to receive them, and it consists in
forming on the exterior of the cup or cone adapted to be threaded into the part
intended to receive it, one or more flats; in placing over the said outer end of the
cup or cone a washer the hole of which is shaped to adapt it to fit over the flat or
flats on the cup or cone so that the washer cannot move circumferentially on the
said cup or cone. This washer is adapted to engage with the face of the part
adapted to receive the cup or cone, a simple way of doing this is to fix a pin to the
face against which the washer is adapted to fit and to form in the washer a series
of holes adapted to fit over the said pin, or any such equivalent device may be
used which will allow a fine graduation of the adjustment of the cup or cone.
Outside this adjusting washer is screwed a lock nut which on being tightened up
locks the cup or cone and the locking washer.
It will be seen that even if this lock nut works loose the cup or cone cannot move
in the part in which it is screwed, being prevented from rotating by means of the
locking washer. We prefer to make this washer slightly dished so that it acts also
as a spring washer, but this is not obligatory.
To adjust the cup or cone, the lock nut is first removed and then the locking
washer is drawn back until it is disengaged with the part into which the cup or
cone is screwed. The cup or cone is then adjusted and the locking washer
re-engaged with the pin, or its equivalent, carried by the part into which the said
cup or cone is screwed, after which the lock uut is screwed on to the cup or cone
until the parts are securely locked together.
We wish it to be particularly understood that this invention is applicable to all
bearings used on cycles or velocipedes whether applied to the hubs, pedal-crank
axle brackets, pedals, or steering heads.
Dated this 14th day of October 1893
ROBT. ED. PHILLIPS. M.I.M.E.,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Ball Bearings for Velocipedes.
We, FREDERICK SAMUEL BUCKINGHAM, Manager of Works, and WILLIAM
NEWTON, Cycle Manufacturer, both of the Elswick Cycle Works, Newcastle-on-
Tyne, in the County of Northumberland, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our invention relates to an improved device for locking the adjustable cups or cones
used for ball bearings in the cases or equivalent parts adapted to receive them, and it
consists in forming on the exterior of the cup or cone adapted to be threaded into
Do21

page_text: the part intended to receive it, one or more flats; in placing over the said outer
end of the cup or cone a washer the hole of which is shaped to adapt it to fit over
the flat or flats on the cup or cone so that the washer cannot move circumferentially
on the said cup or cone, and in adapting the washer to engage with the face of the
part adapted to receive the cup or cone, the object being to prevent the adjustable
cups or cones of ball bearings from working loose.
We attain this end in the manner shown by the accompanying drawing—which
by way of example only-shows the application of our invention to the hub of a
wheel.
Figure 1 is a view in side elevation-partly in section of a hub fitted with our
improved locking device.
Figures 2 and 3 are end views of the hub, the former with the locking washer
removed, and the latter with the locking washer in place.
Figure 4 is a view in side elevation of the locking washer, &
Figures 5, 6 and 7 show a modification of the invention.
Throughout the several views similar parts are marked with like letters of
reference.
Referring to the accompanying drawing, our improved locking device consists of
a washer A adapted to fit over the end of the adjustable cup or cone B which is
screwed into the end of the hub C as shown. The cup or cone B has one or two
flats cut on it over which the washer A fits, the hole through the said washer
being shaped to correspond, so that it cannot rotate independent of the cup or
cone. On to the cup or cone B outside this locking washer A is threaded a lock
nut D preferably having a milled head as shown.
The locking washer A is adapted to engage with the face of the hub C or
equivalent part either by the means illustrated by Figures 2, 3 and 4, or by that
illustrated by Figures 5, 6 and 7, or by any other equivalent device.
In the construction shown by Figures 2, 3 and 4 the washer A is provided with
a series of small holes a, a, etc. adapted to engage with one or more small pins c on
the face of the hub C as particularly shown by Figure 3.
In the construction shown by Figures 5, 6 and 7 the holes a, a, etc. are made in
the face of the hub C and the small pin c is formed on or fixed to the washer A, as
particularly shown by Figure 7.
In order that the washer A may act as a spring or elastic washer we prefer to
dish or bend it slightly as shown by Figure 4 so that it exerts a spring action on
the lock nut D when it is tightened up to lock the cone B in position.
To adjust the cup or cone the lock nut is first removed and the locking washer
is drawn back until it is disengaged with the face of the hub or equivalent part in
which the cup or cone is screwed, the cup or cone is then adjusted and the locking
washer re-engaged with the face of the hub or equivalent part, after which the
lock nut is screwed on to the cup or cone until the parts are securely locked
together. By the use of this locking device the adjustable cup or cones of ball
bearings cannot work loose even if the lock nut is not properly tightened up or
becomes accidentally loose.
We wish it to be particularly understood that although we have described this
part of our invention and illustrated it as applied to the hub of a wheel, it is
applicable to all ball bearings used on velocipedes whether applicable to hubs,
pedal-crank axle brackets, pedals, or steering heads.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
:-
1. The respective combination of parts as herein before respectively described
with reference to the accompanying drawing forming an improved device for
locking the adjustable cups or cones of ball bearings to the cases or equivalent
parts into which they are threaded.
2. In a ball bearing the combination with the case or its equivalent C, of the

page_text: adjustable cups or cones B, B, screwed into the said case or its equivalent, of the
locking washers A mounted over the cones B so as to have free axial movement
thereon but no independent rotative movement adapted to engage with the faces of
the case or its equivalent C by means of the pins c and the holes a, a, etc., and of
the lock nuts D threaded on to the cones B, all combined, arranged and operating,.
as and for the purpose set forth.
3. In a device for locking the adjustable cups or cones of ball bearings to the
cases or equivalent parts adapted to receive them, dishing or bending the locking
washers to enable them to act as spring washers, as and for the purpose set
forth.
4. In a ball bearing, the combination with the coned axle and the balls, of the
case or its equivalent C, of the cups or cones B, of the washers A mounted on the
cones B and adapted to interlock with the case or its equivalent C and of the lock
nuts D, all combined, arranged and operating, as set forth.
Dated this 29th day of June 1894.
ROBERT E. PHILLIPS, M.I.M.E.,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.