Year: 1897

page_text: I, RAPHAEL JACOB LICHTENSTEIN, of 34, Avenue d'Auderghem, Brussels in the
Kingdom of Belgium, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
The object of the present invention consists in the use of horns of cattle buffaloes
and so forth in thin strips or filaments of square or rectangular section more or
less as fibres or bristles for brushes. This material possesses an elasticity and a
stiffness or hardness especially suitable for the manufacture of yard brushes, street
sweeping brushes and the like, morcover, in consequence of the resistant nature
as well as the elasticity of these brush fibres the brush is very efficient on the one
hand and on the other hand it prevents the collection in the brush of straws and
other fibrous materials. Moreover, moisture has no deteriorating influence upon
the horn fibre which preserves all its qualities in moisture as when dry.
In constructing the brush of my invention the fibre is not inserted in the wooden
lack of the brush in the usual manner, that is to say bent in two equal lengths
forming two bristles to each fibre inserted but it is simply bent at one end for a very
short piece sufficient to secure it to the cord or filament which holds it in place.
This method of insertion of the fibres facilitates the use of shorter lengths of horn
as well as of longer ones which latter are cut in pieces of a length a little
greater than the inserted fibre to leave the requisite amount for bending over.
These pieces are then passed through a machine of suitable construction which
delivers them in fibres of a section and size required.
In carrying my invention into effect I provide a wooden back thickened towards
the middle which enables me to make these brushes very thick and voluminous
with a relatively minimum weight of wood and to give them an appearance more
elegant than the brush backs of ordinary construction. Moreover this shape
admits of the making of two deep holes for the handle so that the brush may be
used at will from either side, the shaft being easily fixed at the one side or the
other preferably by means of a screw passing diagonally through the top of the
brush back between the two shaft sockets. These parts are preferably protected
at the edges by an iron band nailed upon the surface of the wood. The brush back
is attached to a plank into which the horn fibres are inserted so that the brush back
can always be used afresh when the brush is worn out because the said plank can
be easily detached and replaced by another one provided with fresh fibre.
D
1-1
.

page_text: Improvements in or relating to Brushes.
I, RAPHAEL JACOB LICHTENSTEIN, of 34, Avenue d'Auderghem, Brussels in the
Kingdom of Belgium, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:
-
The object of the present invention consists in the use of horns of cattle, buffaloes
and so forth in thin strips or filaments of square or rectangular section more or less
as fibres or bristles for brushes. This material possesses an elasticity and a stiff-
ness or hardness especially suitable for the manufacture of yard brushes, street
sweeping brushes and the like, moreover, in consequence of the resistant nature
as well as the elasticity of these brush fibres the brush is very efficient on the one
hand and on the other hand it prevents the collection in the brush of straws and
other fibrous materials. Moreover, moisture has no deteriorating influence upon
the horn fibre which preserves all its qualities in moisture as when dry.
In constructing the brush of my invention the fibre is not inserted in the wooden
back of the brush in the usual manner, that is to say bent in two equal lengths
forming two bristles to each fibre inserted but it is simply hent at one end for a
very short piece sufficient to secure it to the cord or filament which holds it in
place. This method of insertion of the fibres facilitates the use of shorter lengths
of horn as well as longer ones which latter are cut in pieces of a length a little
greater than the inserted fibre to leave the requisite amount for bending over.
These pieces are then passed through a machine of suitable construction which
delivers them in fibres of a section and size required.
My improved brush is illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which
Figure 1 shews a fibre with a bent-over end ready for insertion into the brush
head;
Figure 2 shews an elevation partly in section and
Figure 3 shews a transverse section.
In carrying my invention into effect I provide a wooden back of the special
shape shewn in Figure 2, which enables me to make these brushes very thick and
voluminous with a relatively minimum weight of wood and to give them an
appearance more elegant than the brush backs of ordinary construction. More-
over this shape admits of the making of two deep holes F. F. for the handle so that
the brush may be used at will from either side, the shaft being easily fixed at the
one side or the other preferably by means of a screw E. passing diagonally through
the top of the brush back between the two shaft sockets.
These parts
are preferably protected at the edges by an iron band D. nailed upon
the surface of the wood C. The brush back C is attached to a
plank Binto which the horn fibres A are inserted so that the brush back can
always be used afresh when the brush is worn out because the said plank can be
easily detached and replaced by another one provided with fresh fibre.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. The improved method of manufacturing brushes which consists essentially
in cutting horn into strips of suitable size and length, by any suitable means, in
bending over one end of each strip and in inserting the same into the bristle plate
attached to the back of the brush substantially as described.

page_text: 2. The improved brush substantially as described and shewn in the
accompanying drawing.
Dated this 28th day of September 1897.
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of London, Liverpool, Manchester and Birmingham,
Patent Agents for the Applicant.