IMPROVEMENTS IN AND COMBINED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR HEATING, PICKLING, AND SWILLING THE PLATES OF IRON USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TIN PLATE
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Rees Taylor, of Llantrissant, Glamorganshire,
South Wales, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND COMBINED
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR HEATING, PICKLING, AND SWILLING THE PLATES
OF IRON USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TIN PLATE."
j
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Rees Taylor at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th July 1874.
I, REES TAYLOR, of Llantrissant, Glamorganshire, South Wales, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
AND COMBINED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR HEATING, PICKLING, AND SWILLING
THE PLATES OF IRON USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TIN PLATE," to be as follows,
that is to say:
This Invention relates to improvements in and combined machinery
or apparatus for heating, pickling, and swilling the plates of iron used
in the manufacture of tin plate.

page_text: According to my Invention I pass the plates to be operated upon into
and through a chamber of any convenient size and form, in which
chamber I cause the plates to be acted upon and heated by steam or hot
air or water. The plates are passed in upon endless bands, worked by
rollers or otherwise, by which means also the plates are carried through
the length of the said chamber, and when arriving at the other end
thereof are passed on by other or by the same endless bands into a pot
or trough containing sulphuric acid and water, the immersion of the
plates in and passage through which constitutes the pickling process.
The sulphuric acid and water may be heated by steam in the ordinary
way as at present in use. The endless bands carrying the plates descend
from the top of the pot or trough until the plates are immersed in the
sulphuric acid and water contained therein, the duration of the immersion
being regulated by the length of the trough and the speed at which the
endless bands are worked. After sufficient immersion the plates are
carried out of the liquid and over the opposite side of the trough by the
continued action of the endless bands, which carry the plates thence
over the edge of and into and through another pot or trough containing
a constantly changing body of clean water. In this water the plates
are immersed, the duration of the immersion being regulated as in the
previous case by the length of the trough and the speed at which the
endless bands are worked.. This latter operation constitutes the swilling
process, after which the plates are ready for the tinman's hands.
The pots or troughs used in the above processes may be of any desired
size and form, and may be constructed of iron; wood, or other suitable
material, unlined or lined with lead or other suitable substance.
The endless bands, rollers, &c., may be of any suitable well-known
construction, and made of copper, brass, iron, or other suitable
material.
1
1
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Rees Taylor in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 9th January 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, REES
TAYLOR, of Llantrissant, Glamorganshire, South Wales, send greeting. 3

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-eighth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
5 grant unto me, the said Rees Taylor, Her special license, that I,
the said Rees Taylor, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Rees Taylor, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND COMBINED
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR HEATING, PICKLING, AND SWILLING THE PLATES OF
IRON USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TIN PLATE," upon the condition (amongst
5 others) that I, the said Rees Taylor, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
O calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
'
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Rees Taylor, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
5 following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to improvements in and combined machinery
or apparatus for heating, pickling, and swilling the plates of iron used
in the manufacture of tin or terne plate.
And in order that my Invention may be clearly understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the same with the aid of
the accompanying Drawings, reference being had to the letters and
figures marked thereon, and in which Figure 1 is a plan of my improve-
ments and apparatus complete; Figure 2, a longitudinal section thereof;
Figure 3, a transverse section through the line a, a, (Figures 1 and 2);
Figure 4, a transverse section through the line b, b, (Figures 1 and 2).
The plates of iron A to be operated upon are first passed into and
through a chamber or trough B of any convenient size and form, in

page_text: :
which trough or chamber the plates are acted upon and heated by steam
or hot air or water. The plates are passed in, upon, or between endless
bands or chains C (which may be pitch chains or otherwise) worked by
rollers or pulleys D, by which means also the plates are carried through
the length of the said chamber or trough, and during their passage
therethrough are heated either by hot water contained therein or by hot
air or steam being injected on to them at both sides by means of the
perforated pipes E. When the plates arrive at the further end of the
trough B they are passed on by the same or other endless bands into a
second pot or trough F containing dilute sulphuric acid, the immersion
of the plates in and passage through which constitutes the pickling
process. The sulphuric acid may be heated by steam in the ordinary
way as at present in use. The endless bands C carrying the plates
descend from the top of the pot or trough F until the plates are immersed
in the liquid contained therein, the duration of the immersion being
regulated by the length of the trough and the speed at which the endless
bands are worked and the plates passed through.
The object of the first described process, viz., that of heating the
plates, is to cause the sulphuric acid to act on them more quickly. After
sufficient immersion in the sulphuric acid the plates are carried out of
the liquid and over the opposite side of the trough by the continued"
action of the endless bands C which carry the plates thence over the
edge of and down into and through another pot or trough G, in which
they are swilled or washed. This trough contains a constantly changing
body of clean water, in which the plates are immersed, or the plates
have clean water injected on to them on both sides after leaving. the
pickling trough by means of the perforated pipes H, which pipes may
be used either in conjunction with the trough G or without it. This
latter operation constitutes the swilling process, after being subjected to
which the plates are ready to be tinned.
As a modification of the endless bands or chains the plates may
instead be passed successively through the troughs by being taken
between a succession of rollers, with suitable guides between. Some-
times I place a pair of revolving wire brushes I between the pickling
and swilling troughs, through between which the plates pass, the object
being to still further ensure that they are well cleaned.
Where the space between the several troughs require it rollers may

page_text: be placed to guide the plates into or between the next endless bands, as
shewn at J, Figures 1 and 2.
I do not limit myself to the number of plates to be passed side by side
through one apparatus at one time, as either one or more may be so
operated upon at once. They should however always pass in single
layers.
The pots or troughs used in the above described process may be of any
desired size and form, and may be constructed of iron, wood, or other
suitable material, unlined or lined with lead or other suitable substance.
The endless bands, rollers, bearings, brushes, &c., may be of any
suitable well-known construction, and made of copper, brass, or other
suitable material.
All the metal that will in any way come in contact with the acid
should be of either copper, yellow metal, or other material not easily
acted upon by the acid.
The apparatus may be actuated by either manual or steam power.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
my said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to or may be
performed, I claim as my Invention to be secured by the herein-before
in part recited Letters Patent the improvements in and combined
machinery or apparatus for heating, pickling, and swilling the plates of
iron used in the manufacture of tin or terne plate, substantially as
herein-before set forth and described and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Rees Taylor, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Ninth day of January, in the year of