matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
Year: 1886

page_text: I, FREDERICK WILLIAM DURHAM, of Station Road, New Barnet in the County
of Herts, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :—
My invention has for its object to provide means whereby the "leather" or inner
band of a hat may be readily fixed in position without sewing, so that when the
leather is worn or soiled it can be easily replaced by a new one.
For this purpose a narrow circular band of steel or other suitable thin rigid
material, adapted to fit the interior of the hat, is provided with claws or other
devices that are made to penetrate into the body of the hat, and to this band is
attached the "leather" or inner band, either directly or, by preference, by means
of a thin strip of material such as silk. The steel or other band being introduced
into the hat, the claws or equivalent devices are made to penetrate the body of the
hat, and thus effectually hold the lining in position. By preference the claws are
so arranged that in penetrating the hat they also penetrate the outer silk band and
thus prevent it from shifting.
The accompanying drawing shews the arrangement which I prefer to employ in
carrying out my above described invention. Fig. 1 shews an elevation of the
"leather" of a hat, detached, with the above described appliance and Fig. 2 shews
a section through the side of the hat with the leather fixed in position.
A is the band of steel or other thin more or less rigid material, to which are
secured steel claws C, by preference so that they may be turned from the horizontal
position to a vertical position, as indicated. The stecl band is either secured
directly to the lower edge of the "leather "B or by preference it is attached to a
strip of silk or other material either by cementing or sewing, and this strip is
passed round the lower edge of the band so as to conceal it, and is then secured to
the "leather" B. The claws Care provided with sharp points so that when the.
leather with the steel band attached to it is introduced into the hat D and the
points of the claws are pressed into the latter, they will hold the leather securely
in position without requiring any other attachment. The claws are by preference
made of such a length that in penetrating the hat they will also enter the outer
band E, so as to prevent this from shifting.

page_text: It will be readily understood that the steel band may be provided with other
means, such as simple spikes projecting therefrom for penetrating into the hat.
Having now particularly described the nature of my said invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
The herein described means for securing the leathers or inner bands to hats
without sewing, consisting of a band of steel or other suitable stiff material secured
to the "leather" and having claws or equivalent devices for penetrating into the
body of the hat.
Improvements in the Construction of Stoves for Heating and Ventilating, as well as for Smoke Abatement.
Year: 1886

page_text: Improvements in the Construction of Stoves for Heating and
Ventilating, as well as for Smoke Abatement.
CHARLES JAMES HENDERSON Gentleman No. 6 Drumsheugh Gardens Edinburgh
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The fire place, in preference-to project in front of the body of the stove-
proper.
The whole of the smoke heat to pass into flues of fireclay, before entering the
Vent; while tubes open above and below, formed in the fireclay Bricks with cold
air, will pass upwards and be warmed by the hot fireclay before being discharged
into the Apartment.

page_text: .
Ventilating, as well as for Smoke Abatement.
I, CHARLES JAMES HENDERSON, Gentleman, No. 6 Drumsheugh Gardens, Edin-
burgh, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF STOVES FOR HEATING AND VENTILATION, AS WELL AS SMOKE
ABATEMENT, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, and in order that
the said Invention, and the manner of performing the same, may be clearly under-
stood, a sheet of Drawings is hereunto appended for that purpose:-
The Firebars (A) begin at the front of the Stove, and are carried to the depth
of 20 inches, more or less, terminating at a solid Fireclay Brick (B), reaching to
within 6 inches, more or less, from the top.of the Stove, placed there to retard the
escape of the heat from the fireplace; the outer portion of the Stove, consisting of
Fireclay Bricks (CC), through which, at regular distances, holes Irave been cut, an
inch, more or less, in diameter, to be built up to 3 feet, more or less, thus forming
as many air passages: a flue (D) to be formed for the smoke heat to pass through
before entering the vent. The body of the Stove to be raised above the floor a
few inches, resting on Fireclay Bricks, in such manner as to leave open the tube
holes cut in the Bricks, for fresh air to enter and pass up and out at the top, after
having acquired a high degree of temperature from the hot Bricks, and be
discharged in or into the apartment. The Outer Casing of the Stove (EE) to be
made of metal in sheets, and a space of an inch, more or less, to be left clear
between it and the Fireclay Bricks forming the Stove.
The Stove, thus improved, is obviously susceptible of modification in the details
to suit various circumstances.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and the manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is―
1st. Forming the hot air tubes, inside the Fireclay Bricks themselves, and so,
inexpensively, increasing their number, and the amount of fresh air sent out at a
high temperature, thus promoting ventilation.
2d. By the narrow horizontal flues, partially obstructed, detaining the smoke
heat, and so enabling the smoke to be deprived in a great measure of its particles
of carbon.
3d. Generally, the using of "Air in Motion" in the manner described for the
extraction of heat.
Improvements relating to the Treatment of Fibre and to the Manufacture of Imitation Straw Plait therefrom.
Year: 1886

page_text: Improvements relating to the Treatment of Fibre and to the
Manufacture of Imitation Straw Plait therefrom.
We CHRISTIAN HALTER and JOSEPH HALTER both of Mellingen, Switzerland,
Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:—
Our invention relates to the treatment of raphia-bast fibre for use in the
manufacture of imitation straw plait, and especially of the plait known as Tuscan
plait.
In carrying our said invention into practice we take the bast fibres in their
raw mercantile form and bind the same into small bundles. These bundles are
boiled in a weak soda bath, and then rinsed in flowing water, they are then acidu-
lated with hydrochloric acid and then again rinsed.
After being treated in the manner herein before described, the raw fibres, while
in a wet state, are cut into narrow strips of equal width and subsequently dried.
These strips are next tied together to form a continuous length and then wound
upon bobbins.
If the finished fibre is to be coloured, the colouring is performed while the raw
fibres are in a wet state and before they are cut into strips. If, however, the fibre
is to be bleached, this is accomplished by means of peroxide of hydrogen after the
fibre has been split and dried.
After the fibres have been wound upon bobbins, as hereinbefore described, they
can be formed into a round or flat plait in the ordinary manner, upon a braiding
machine having 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 16, 17, 21, 25, 29, 32, 33, 37, 41, 45, or 49
spindles, the said plait being composed of uncoloured, bleached or coloured fibres
or of a mixture of the same.
In order to impart the necessary stiffness to the plait and to maintain an
uniform breadth, the fibre may be plaited upon threads of cotton, yarn, or silk, or
upon brass or steel wire, or upon any other suitable materials.
The plait after being taken from the machine can be pressed, if required, and is
then ready for use.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
First. The process hereinbefore described of treating raphia-bast fibre for use
in the manufacture of imitation straw plait.
Second. Raphia-bast fibre prepared in the manner hereinbefore described, for the
purpose specified.
Third. Imitation straw plait composed of raphia-bast fibre prepared in the
manner hereinbefore described.
Improvements in Paving and Building Stones, Tiles, and Flags.
Year: 1886

page_text: Improvements in Paving and Building Stones, Tiles, and Flags.
I, EDUARD GRACH of Trier, in the Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
PAVING AND BUILDING STONES, TILES AND FLAGS, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in such dressing stones and flags as are
used for floors and ornamental work. These improvements consist in making
undercut or intersected projections on these stones which act like hooks and catch
in the mortar or cement used as basis or foundation for the stones. When the
mortar hardens the stones or flags do not get loose owing to the hold the book-like
projections have in the mortar or cement.
In Figs. II to IV of the drawing flags with differently shaped undercut or
intersected projections are represented in cross-cut.
Fig. I shows a perspective view of a flag a with a wedge-like projection b.
Fig. II shows a side section through a flag c which is provided with two hump-like
projections d d by which means undercut notches e e are formed in the flag.
These notches can either run the whole length of the flag as is shown in Fig. V
or they can be made round as may be seen in Fig. VI in a perspective view.
Fig. III shows the cross-cut of a flag fin which the undercut hook g is formed
on the outsides of the flag.
Fig. IV shows an other form of the projections.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare what
I claim is:
In dressing stones, tiles and flags the formation of hook-like undercut or inter-
sected projections as specially herein before described.
Year: 1886

page_text: We, WILLIAM FORD STANLEY, of Cumberlow, South Norwood, Optician, and
WILLIAM LOW SARJEANT, of 7 Belgrave Road, South Norwood, Optician, do hereby
declare the nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
For an actinometer of a very portable form such as may be suspended upon a
watch chain. For this I make a circular metal case similar to a small magnetic
compass case, This opens by a snap or screw lid. A roll of sensitive paper
prepared with a salt of Bromine is rolled up upon a pin in the centre of the case
and one end of the roll is brought through a slot in the edge of the case; on the
edge of the case a light box is fixed covered with glass.
The Bromo-sensitive paper is drawn through the box under the glass and in
this position exposed to the light. Half or a part of the underside of the glass is
painted or covered with a piece of paper permanently tinted to the colour that the
sensitive paper will acquire after a certain interval of exposure, which interval
gives a proportional time for the exposure of a photographic plate. The case
described may be made of metal or partly of wood or ivory. Any sensitive salt of
Bromine may be used to replace the ordinary chlorine salt previously used for
actinometers. The detail of this invention may be slightly varied.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is:-
1. The making of a photographic actinometer of circular form as described with
handle for suspension.
2. The filling of an actinometer with paper made sensitive with a salt of
Bromine.
Year: 1886

page_text: .
We, ENGELBERT WILHELM SCHMITZ and CARL FRIEDRICH VOIT, both of
12 Kommandantenstrasse, Berlin, in the German Empire Manufacturers do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The improved pocket book or writing case has for its object to provide paper,
pen or pencil writing pad, stamps etc, in a convenient and portable form.
The case has outwardly the appearance of an ordinary pocket book or wallet.
Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings show the case opened with an
unfolded sheet of note paper a, the remainder of the sheets being folded. The
sheet is to be folded as an envelope in the manner indicated by dotted lines, the
gummed strip serving to close the latter. All the sheets of note paper are united
to a block, from which the single sheets are separated at the perforations c c.
The lower folding cover d¹ is provided with a U shaped metal strip f, fixed to it
in the manner shown, by means of the bent pieces e; this metal strip serves to
receive and secure in place the block. For this purpose the latter is furnished
with the grooves g, into which catch the projections h¹ h² of the metal back f.
One of these catches h¹ is stationary, the other one h² being revolveable on a
hinge i, and held in place by the spring k. The elasticity however of the catch
may also be effected in any other convenient manner.
After all the leaves of the note book are used, the block is removed and replaced
by a fresh one. The cover d² carries the holder for a pencil or pocket pen filled
with ink, and is provided with a small pocket o for post stamps. A folded stiff
writing pad is also secured by a rubber band n on the same cover and may be
provided at the same time with black space lines.
If a copy of the letter is intended to be kept, a piece of transfer paper is placed
between the sheet on which the letter is to be written and the one lying underneath.
This book may of course be finished and ornamented in various manners. For
the sake of cheapness the block may also be fastened onto the cover direct without
intervening mechanism.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :
1.) A pocket book or writing case, in which folded sheets of note paper a, united
to a block, are fixed in the metal guard f, so that they can be detached at the
perforations and folded for postage, in combination with the under pad m which
may be provided with black spacing lines.
2.) The metal guard f, which catches with its stationary claw h¹ and with the
elastic claw h³ into corresponding grooves g of the block so as to secure the latter.
Dated this 19th dow of Inlu, 1006
Traps or Syphons are Used or Required.
Year: 1886

page_text: Traps or Syphons are Used or Required.
I SAMUEL JACKSON of Kirkgate, Bradford in the County of York, Architect,
do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
The object of my Invention is to construct the traps or syphons to be used for
urinals, Wash-basins, Slop Sinks, or where such traps can be applied-So that the
said traps form part of the said urinals, Wash-basins Slop-Sinks or other similar
appliances and are so formed that they are easily and readily cleaned; no plug
being used and the ordinary lead traps being dispensed with.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figs. 1 and 2 are plans of Urinals with my improvements applied.
Fig. 3. is a sectional elevation of the Urinals.
Fig. 4. is a plan of Wash Basin with my Improvements applied.
Fig. 5. is a Sectional Elevation of Fig. 4.
A. is the dish of the Urinal or Wash Basin, B. is the outlet, C. is the overflow,
D. is the Syphon or Tap, E. is the Chamber recess or armway by means of which
the Syphon or Trap can be cleaned and any obstacle removed, the lid F. which is
moveable covers the recess or armway, G are corrugations on the head of the
Wash basin for draining off the drippings from Soap, sponge or the like articles, by
this means perfect cleanliness is insured and any sediment or obstruction can be
easily and readily removed by putting the arm down the recess and clearing the
Syphon or Trap.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
Traps or Syphons formed in Urinals, Wash-basins, Slop-Sinks and the like
appliances with armways or recesses for facilitating the cleansing thereof sub-
stantially as shewn and described.
Machinery, and for similar Purposes.
Year: 1886

page_text: Machinery, and for similar Purposes.
We THOMAS HARRISON of Undercliffe, Machine Maker, and CALEB WHITE of
Bond Street, Tin plate Worker, both of Bradford in the County of York, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Our invention consists in improvements in pulleys employed to impart the
required tension to the cords or bands employed in driving the spindles and flyers
of spinning frames, and for similar purposes.
To carry out our invention we form the grooved pulleys of two similar halves
stamped out of discs of sheet metal, which two halves when united by means of
solder or rivets form the body and groove complete of the pulley.
A hollow thimble or boss is then fixed, preferably by soldering, to the centre of
each side of the shell of the pulley thus formed, and a short spindle is passed
through these thimbles or bosses and secured in its place, the grooved pulley is then
complete.
In order to enable our invention to be fully understood we will now proceed to
describe the same with reference to the accompanying diagrams in which Figure 1
represents a sectional elevation of one half of the pulley as it is stamped in sheet
metal. Figure 2 represents the complete grooved pulley formed by uniting the two
halves as herein-before described, and also mounted with a spindle.
The two halves are exactly similar in form, being stamped in the same die,
and are placed face to face and secured together at the points A by means of rivets
which pass through both sheets of metal, or by soldering.
The two hollow thimbles or bosses C are then soldered in their places at the
centre of each side of the body or shell of the pulley, and the spindle D is then
secured in its place, or the spindle may be first secured to the two sides or body of
the pulley and the hollow thimbles or bosses afterwards put on for the purpose
of giving strength and rigidity to the pulley, and also for forming a stronger
joint between the spindle and the body or shell of the pulley,

page_text: When the two halves of the pulley are united, in the manner described, they
form the required groove to receive the cord or band B. The outer edges of the
pulley E may be strengthened by turning over or wireing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:
A tension pulley adapted for use in spinning machinery, or for similar purposes,
which pulley is formed of two similar halves of stamped or spun sheet metal, and
united by rivets or soldering, to form a groove for the cord or band to run in,
and mounted with the hollow bosses and spindle, all substantially as described and
represented in the accompanying drawings.
Year: 1886

page_text: I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake and Co. Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature
of the invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to means whereby a handle-bar or steering-bar, made
preferably in a single piece, may be rigidly and securely held in position upon the
head of the machine, and yet may be readily and quickly detached when desired.
In the accompanying drawing
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a head, especially adapted to a bicycle,
embodying my invention.
Figure 2 is a vertical section of the same.
Figure 3 is a view of a modification,
Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in the several figures.
A represents the head of the bicycle or other velocipede, B the fork and C the
bolt, which, in connection with the part C', pivotally holds, in the ordinary manner,
the backbone or perch (not shown in the drawing).
Projecting horizontally from the head and preferably made integral therewith
is the lug or support D, of shape to fit the handle-bar E which lies therein, as
shown. A ring H, threaded to receive the bolt C, lies on the top of the head and
is provided with the reverse lug I, of the shape shown and adapted to fit upon the
upper side of the handle-bar. This ring is held in place by the ordinary nut K and
cap L. The lugs D and I are provided with the projecting lips D¹ and I¹ through
which a bolt P passes. Thus these lugs form a clamp holding rigidly the handle-
bar, the grasp being tightened by means of the nut P. The bar is easily detached
by loosening the nut P¹ and removing the nut K and cap L.
The key or screw S is preferably inserted in the lug D and handle-bar to fix the
relative portions of the same.
In the modification shown in Figure 3 the lugs are provided with two sets of
lips and two bolts, in place of one as shown in the other Figures.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to
me by my foreign Correspondent I declare that what I claim is
--
First. The combination of the head provided with the lug D, the bolt C, and the
ring H provided with the reverse lug I, said lugs being adapted to clamp the
upper and under sides of the handle-bar, substantially as, and for the purpose,
set forth.
Second. The combination of the head provided with the lug D, the bolt C,
the ring H provided with the reverse lug I, said lugs being provided with the
lips D I, and the bolt and nut P P¹, substantially as, and for the purpose,
described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LATCHES FOR DOORS AND GATES
Year: 1886

page_text: I WILLIAM HENRY HORN of Grove Square Leyburn in the County of Yorkshire
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LATCHES FOR DOORS AND GATES," and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The Latch of this invention is shown in the accompanying Drawing applied to a
Door. Figure 1 is a view of the same as seen from one side of the Door and
Figure 2 is an edge view.
Instead of being constructed with two working parts, namely, the rising and
falling Catch, and the finger cross lever for lifting the same as in the ordinary
manner, has three working parts, namely, A short rising and falling Catch A. the
usual finger cross lever B. worked from the handle F. for lifting the same from one
side (usually from the outside) of the Door, and on the other side of the Door I fix
an additional finger lever (horizontally) C. one end of which is bent upwards C¹
and the other terminates in the Thumb piece C. This horizontal lever works on a
Pivot D. beneath the rising and falling Catch, the bent end of which takes under
and, near the end of the falling Catch A, the other end reaching over and slightly
beyond the handle E so as to be operated therefrom by the thumb or finger. On
being pressed down the opposite or bent end thereof is caused to lift the Catch
out of a Staple.
This method of construction allows of the Latch or Catch to be made of a shorter
length and of the handle being fixed much nearer the edge of the Door which
affords a firmer hold of the Door when shutting it against the pressure of the wind
and also much easier to lift the Catch out of the Staple than is usually the case
with the ordinary Catches.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The application of the additional finger lever for lifting the latch with parts
herein before described and illustrated by Figure 1 and letters C. C¹ Cª and D.
Year: 1886

page_text: I JOHN GEORGE SOWERBY, of the Ellison Glass Works, Gateshead on Tyne, in
the County of Durham, Glass Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improvement in the fire polishing of Glassware,
and it consists in the employment of dry or superheated steam, or hot air, within
an oil furnace, in lieu of ordinary steam as hitherto.
Beneath the opening in the furnace by which the article to be polished is
introduced I fix an oil pipe leading from a reservoir of oil in any convenient
position; this oil pipe projecting nearly to the centre of the furnace.
Below this oil pipe is a pipe or tube in communication with a blowing engine;
the nozzle of this blow pipe, which may have one or more orifices, coming just
below and a little in front of the outlet of the oil pipe.
The article of Glass to be fire-polished being introduced into the furnace, the
oil is permitted to flow through the oil pipe and a blast of dry or superheated
steam or hot air sent through the nozzle of the blow-pipe drives the oil in a fine
spray towards the top of the furnace, the oil firing beneath the article to be fire
polished, suitably manipulated by the workman.

page_text: I, JOHN GEORGE SOWERBY of the Ellison Glass Works Gateshead on Tyne in
the County of Durham, Glass Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention relates to an improvement in the fire polishing of glassware and
it consists in the employment of dry or superheated steam, or hot air, within an
oil furnace, in lieu of ordinary steam as hitherto.
Beneath the opening in the furnace by which the article to be polished is
introduced I fix an oil pipe leading from a reservoir of oil in any convenient
position, this oil pipe projecting nearly to the centre of the furnace.
Below this oil pipe is a pipe or tube in communication with a blowing engine,
the nozzle of this blow pipe, which may have one or more orifices, coming just
below and a little in front of the outlet of the oil pipe.
The accompanying drawing shows part of an oil furnace of ordinary construction
A indicating the dry or superbeated steam or hot air blow pipe. B the oil pipe.
C joint at which the oil fills. D article of glass being fire polished.
The article of glass D to be fire polished being introduced into the furnace, the
oil is permitted to flow from any convenient reservoir through the oil pipe B and
a blast of dry or superheated steam or hot air sent from any suitable blowing
engine through the nozzle of the blow pipe A drives the oil in a fine spray towards
the top of the furnace, the oil firing at C beneath the article D to be fire polished
suitably manipulated by the workman.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The use of dry or superheated steam or hot air within an oil furnace for fire
polishing Glassware substantially as described.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 21st May, 1886.
Complete Left, 27th Jan., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 1st Mar., 1887.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Perambulators, Bassinettes, and Invalid Carriages
of every Description.
MARK MOSES, trading as Mark Coleman & Co. 271 Pentonville Road, King's
Cross, London, N. Perambulator, Bassinette Perambulator and Invalid Carriage
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
Hitherto the bodies of Perambulators, Bassinette Perambulators and Invalid
Carriages have been constructed with sides and ends of solid Boards, Wicker Work,
Iron, Wire &c.
I fasten on to a Frame Work of Wood as shewn in figures 3 and 4
by means of screws A as shewin in Drawings on to Frame Work B. a covering of
three ply Wood Veneer perforated in various patterns and not perforated as shewn in
Figures 1 and 2 or in other patterns of Bodies to be constructed in a similar manner.
Such Veneer being of so great a strength as to bear all the solidity necessary but
making the Vehicles much lighter and thus easier of propulsion, the same material to
be used either plain, varnished, polished or painted.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :
The construction of the Bodies of Perambulators, Bassinette Perambulators and
Invalid Carriages in three ply perforated and unperforated Wood Veneer fixed on to
Frame Work as hereinbefore described and illustrated in Drawings annexed.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Mar., 1886.
Complete Left, 31st Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 22nd Mar., 1887.
EDWIN SHERRING 39 Hanging Ditch, Manchester, Corn Merchant do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
I claim for my Patent the use of the metal called Aluminium by itself or alloyed
with Tin, Copper, Iron, Steel, Brass, or any other metal or combination of metals, for
the purpose of making Umbrella Frames, or portions of Frames and fittings thereto.
The object being to neutaralise as far as possible the oxidation or rust which is found
upon the iron or steel frames at present in use.
The Aluminium frames and fittings
or portions thereof, or frames and fittings or portions thereof made from Aluminium
alloyed with Tin, Copper, Iron, Steel, Brass or any other metal or combination
of Metals, may be lacquered any color or plated with Silver or Electro Nickel
or their equivalent.
EDWIN SHERRING.

page_text: I, EDWIN SHERRING Corn Merchant 39 Hanging Ditch Manchester do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same.is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
:-
This invention relates to Umbrella frames and fittings and consists of an alloy
or alloys for the purpose of counteracting rust in the ribs, stretchers, wire and joints
as hereinafter fully described and claimed: the alloy most suitable for ribs, stretchers
and wire consists of one part aluminium to ninety nine of iron or mixed steel. As
the joints are usually made of a more ductile metal than that employed for ribs,
stretchers and wire, I adopt an alloy composed of part aluminium, twelve Nickel,
two tin, twenty seven of zinc, fifty eight copper and half part Bismuth for
this purpose.
Previous to my invention Umbrella frames have been made entirely of iron or mild
steel but these Metals are very liable to rust and the use of aluminium as an alloy
will counteract this and thereby enable the frames to be more durable.
The ribs, stretchers, wire and joints made in this way are applicable to all kinds of
Umbrellas, Parasols, Sunshades and Parachutes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. An Umbrella rib or stretcher made of an alloy, composed of one part Aluminium,
to ninety nine parts of Iron or mild steel.
2. Wire, used in fitting ribs and stretchers, made of an alloy of one part Aluminium
to ninety nine parts of Iron or mild steel.
3. A joint or joints for the Umbrella rib or stretcher, made of solid and substantially
non-oxidizible alloy, composed of half a part Aluminium; twelve parts Nickel,
two parts tin, twenty seven parts zinc, fifty eight parts Copper and half a
part Bismuth.
EDWIN SHERRING.
AN IMPROVED. METHOD OF FASTENING OBJECTS TO IRON BY MEANS OF NAILS
Year: 1886

page_text: of Nails.
I CARL BERNHARD AXT of the town of Chemnitz in the Kingdom of Saxony,
Germany, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for
"AN IMPROVED. METHOD OF FASTENING OBJECTS TO IRON BY MEANS OF NAILS"
and in what manner the. same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to an improved method of fastening objects to iron by
means of nails.
The methods of attaching objects to iron by means of nails hitherto known are
based on the clinching of the said nails in or after driving in the same-this
method, however offers little security as the nails frequently bend over to the
wrong side or when driven in against an iron clinching surface do not bend or
clinch at or near the point but in the middle thus in many instances rendering the
attachment illusory.
Figures 1 and 2 are two vertical sections representing my improved method of
attachment.
According to my improved method it is not requisite that the nail n should be
clinched over in the form of a hook or formed into a loop the same being driven
between the jaws of one or more sheet iron or other suitable angles b-The nail is
grooved or provided with suitable annular or other recesses, ribs, teeth or screw
threads so that the jaws of the angles b will act as a system of pawls in the
recesses of the said nail and will firmly hold the same and prevent all retrograde
motion or loosening of the attachment.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
The improved method of attaching objects to iron by employing ribbed nails
which are toothed or provided with screw threads which said nails are driven in
between elastic or springy jaws or parts b which gear into the recesses, toothing,
screw threads or their equivalents in the said nail and prevent the said nail from
making any retrograde movement substantially as described in the foregoing
specification and shown in the accompanying drawing.
Dated this 19th day of August 1886.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
Associate Agent.
Year: 1886

page_text: I, JAMES WATT, of No. 64 Bank Street, in the City of South Melbourne, and
Colony of Victoria, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention of an improved deodorizing material relates to the utilization of
spent tan for such purpose after it has been suitably prepared, first by thoroughly
drying it and afterwards by grinding or disintegrating to a fine powder. By 80
treating the spent tan it has been found that it becomes a most powerful and
effective deodorant and will be useful for such purposes as deodorizing night-soil
and may also be used as the deodorant for any of the existing earth closets its
effect being to completely kill all obnoxious and disagreeable smells by simply
applying a small quantity of it to the night soil in the ordinary manner. By the
term "spent tan" is to be understood to mean the tan which has been used in the
preparation of the liquor used in tanneries.
I would have it distinctly understood that I do not claim the use of spent tan as
it is cast off from the tannery as a deodorant.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
My improved deodorizing material consisting of "spent tan" thoroughly dried
and reduced to a fine powder substantially as herein described.
Dated this Twelfth day of October One thousand eight hundred and eighty six.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Dec., 1886
Complete Left, 10th Sept., 1887
Complete Accepted, 4th Nov., 1887
I THOMAS PARKER of 8 Bigg Market and 163 Beaconsfield Street, Newcastle on
Tyne, Tailor do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows.:-
An arrangement of strap & bearers by which Trousers may be suspended without braces.
The strap and bearers are attached to the button catch of the trousers in front, and pass
round the waist and through slits in the back of the trousers, where they are adjusted
by a buckle. The bearers run loose over small ferrules or cylinders running on
buckles and are free to yield to any position the body may be in, giving entire
freedom to the chest and shoulders, preventing bulging at the knees, or drawing up
of the trousers when sitting, avoids all pressure at the pit of the stomach and supports
the abdomen, at the same time allowing entire freedom of access to the pockets. The
straps and bearers may be made of any material such as Silesia, Webbing, Elastic or
other stuffs.

page_text: An Improvement in Appliances for Supporting Trousers.
I, THOMAS PARKER Tailor of 8 Bigg Market Newcastle on Tyne do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My Invention consists of an arrangement of straps and bearers by which trousers
may be suspended without Braces and which is effected as follows
To the button catch and Fly on the inside of the trousers in front, bearers (A) are
attached. From these, straps (B) working on runners (C) pass round the waist to
the back where the straps pass through incisions in the trousers to the outside where
they are buckled (D).
The straps and bearers can be made of any material such as Silesia, Elastic
Webbing &c.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is
1. This combination of Straps and bearers which does away with the need of
Braces.
2. It gives entire freedom to the chest and shoulders, prevents pressure at the pit
of the stomach, supports the abdomen and yields freely to any position of the body
requiring ease and comfort.
3. It gives free access to the pockets.
4. It prevents bulging at the knees, or drawing up when sitting and such
unsightlinesses as arise from the trousers not being properly adjusted.
Dated this 9th day of September 1887.
Apparatus for Use in the manufacture of Smyrna Carpets.
Year: 1886

page_text: Apparatus for Use in the manufacture of Smyrna Carpets.
I BRUNO NEUBAUER of Plauen in the Vogtland Saxony in the Empire of
Germany Lace Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
As will be seen by the accompanying drawings the upper part of the plyers is
like a bodkin or hooking needle but longways parted in the middle so that both
parts open by pressing together the bottom part of the scissor handles and are able
to keep a thread or any other article tight; through a powerful spring the parts of
the plyers are pressed together and the caught thread held fast. To knot in a
thread into the ground web, the size of the meshes of the latter being according to
the size of the knotting plyers, the closed knotting plyers are brought through a
mesh Figures 2 & 2 catches with the hook of the plyers the thread which is
behind, draws the thread through the mesh, then with the plyers through the so
forming thread loop, Figure 3, upwards and still with the closed plyers through
the mesh, which lays above the one through which the thread has been drawn first,
then by pressing upon the scissor handles the plyers open, figure 4, catches between
the opened blades both ends of the thread, figure 5, and now pulls the caught
thread through its own loop, figure 6, through which it has been looped around the
thread of the ground web and then by tightening it is fastened-The use of the
knotting plyers as described before enables also through machine work the knotting
in and binding of thread pieces in a ground web as is found to a large extent in the
manufacturing of Carpets by putting the knotting plyers in files in a frame in
which they are opened and closed simultaneously through lever work and such
frame to be moved to and fro at apportioned times in front of the stretched framed
material so that a larger quantity of threads can be knotted in at the same time
into the ground web.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. Plyers consisting of two scissor blades with scissor handles the blades generally
closed by spring and in the event of being closed have on the upper part a hook
like a bodkin which parts in two long sides when the plyers open.
2. Use of the knotting plyers for mechanical manufacturing of Smyrna Carpets
for the knotting in of plush threads into the chain threads of a ground web
procured by the machine.
L
T1906
Improvements in Harness Ornaments.
Year: 1886

page_text: Improvements in Harness Ornaments.
I SAMUEL CROSBEE, of Apollo Works, Moseley Street, Birmingham in the
County of Warwick, Harness Furniture Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN HARNESS ORNAMENTS, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
The present method of manufacture is to make the ornament & pins "or shanks"
separately and afterwards to fasten the pin or shanks to the ornament by solder or
other suitable means.
The object of this invention is to make the ornament with its pins or shanks
which fasten the same, out of one piece of metal by means of press work, thereby
producing a stronger article of superior shape and cleaner finish at a reduced cost.
In the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shews a plan of the first process being a flat blank cut out of a piece of
sheet metal.
Fig. 2 is a plan & Fig. 3 a section of the second process, having the edges turned
up for the purpose of forming the splayed border.
Fig. 4 shews the ornament completed with the pins or shanks turned up ready
for introducing through the leather for fastening.
Thus it will be perceived that instead of making the pins or shanks A separate
and afterwards fastening them to the ornament B, they are by this invention made
out of the same piece of metal, the pins or shanks with the ornament forming one
piece as shewn at Fig. 1, and after going through the second process as shewn at
figs. 2 & 3 are turned up and finished as shewn at Fig. 4 which completes the
operation.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. Harness Ornaments with their shanks or pins made out of metal in one piece
as substantially set forth in this specification & illustrated by the accompanying
drawings.
Improvements in Buttons.
Year: 1886

page_text: Improvements in Buttons.
I, FRANK AVERILL Fox, of No. 401 Broadway, in the City and State of New
York, United States of America, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to a metal cap which may be removably applied to a
button, so that the button may be worn either with or without the cap.
The invention consists in the features of improvement hereinafter more fully
pointed out.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a bottom view of the button and cap showing the slide open.
Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the slide closed.
Fig. 3 is a section on the line x x fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a detail view of the slide.
Fig. 5 is a cross section through a modification, and Fig. 6 a detail view of the
slide used with such modification.
The letter a represents the bulged or cup-shaped metallic cap of a button
adapted to be placed over the button proper or head b. The rear of the cap a is
partly closed by a semi-circular bridge or plate c, leaving one half or more of the
cap open so that through such opening the head may be introduced.
d is a preferably semi-circular slide placed into cap a, and free to be revolved, so
as either to close said opening at the back of the cap, as shown in fig. 2, or to
leave the same unobstructed, as shown in fig. 1.
In the latter case, the slide is concealed beneath plate c. Both the plate c and
slide d are cut out at the center to form a circular opening between them (fig. 2),
through which the threads which attach the button to the garment are free
to pass.
In order to prevent the slide from dropping out of the cap, and at the same
time for guiding the motion of such slide, it is provided with a semi-circular
narrow band e, that connects opposite ends of its straight side. A knob f facilitates
the operation of the slide.
-
In use, the slide is first opened, as in fig. 1, and then the button is introduced,
and the slide is closed, as in fig. 2, when the cap will be properly secured in place.
To remove the can the slide is opened.

page_text: In the modification shown in figs. and 6, the band e is dispensed with, and is
replaced by a groove e¹ extending around the cap at its inner side. This groove
receives the outer edge of the slide, and serves to hold and guide it during its
motion.
-
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
The combination of head b, with cap a, having back plate c, and slide d, adapted
to be opened or closed for the admission and retention of head b, substantially as
specified.