IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WIRE STANDS, FRAMES, RACKS, AND SIMILAR DEVICES, TO BE USED AS HOLDERS OR RECEPTACLES FOR VARIOUS ARTICLES, WHICH INVENTION IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE MANU- FACTURE OF WIRE GOODS FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Harris Lake, of the Office of Haseltine, Lake, &
Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WIRE STANDS, FRAMES, RACKS,
AND SIMILAR DEVICES, TO BE USED AS HOLDERS OR RECEPTACLES FOR
VARIOUS ARTICLES, WHICH INVENTION IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE MANU-
FACTURE OF WIRE GOODS FOR OTHER PURPOSES." A communication from
abroad by Edward P. Woods, Daniel Sherwood, and Cyrus H. Latham, all of
Lowell, Massachusetts, United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Harris Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th August 1878.
HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Office of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WIRE
STANDS, FRAMES, RACKS, AND SIMILAR DEVICES, TO BE USED AS HOLDERS OR
RECEPTACLES FOR VARIOUS ARTICLES, WHICH INVENTION IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO
THE MANUFACTURE OF WIRE GOODS FOR OTHER PURPOSES." [A communication
from abroad by Edward P. Woods, Daniel Sherwood, and Cyrus H. Latham, all of
Lowell, Massachusetts, United States of America.]
The first part of this Invention relates to the construction of a wire stand or
holder, consisting of an open framework for the sides and bottom of the stand, and
specially adapted for use as a receptacle for soap or similar articles. The frame is a
single wire bent in the form of a rectangle, or of any desired ornamental shape.
The legs of the stand are made of separate wires, whose ends are united to opposite
sides of the said frame.
The bottom of the receptacle is formed of a series of wires, whose ends are united
to opposite sides of the frame. One end of these wires is united to one side of the
franie, and the wires are bent downward perpendicular to the plane of the said
frame a sufficient distance to form one side of the receptacle, and the wires are then
Price 1st

page_text: turned inward at right angles to form the bottom of the said receptacle, and the
other ends of these wires form the opposite side of the same, and are united to the
opposite part of the frame.
These wires may be bent to form an ornamental figure for the bottom of the said
receptacle.
This combination and arrangement of the wires forms a stand of sufficient
strength and rigidity to maintain its shape and form when holding light articles,
such as soap.
The second part of this Invention relates to the construction of a hanging stand
or holder, the object thereof being to provide a holder or receptacle of wire to be
hung on the wall or in any other convenient place, and adapted to hold either light
or bulky articles.
The sides and bottom of this receptacle are formed in the manner above described.
To one corner of the frame I attach a wire, which is carried upward perpendicular
to the plane of the frame, and then bent across and downward to the other corner
on the same side, and it is provided with a hook or ring, by which it hangs.
To prevent the bending of the wire when supporting the weight of articles in
the receptacle it is braced or strengthened by other wires, one end of the said bracing
wires being united to the hanging wire at or near the middle of the latter, while
their other end is attached to the frame on the same side with the hanging wire.
These bracing wires are united to the hanging wire in a convenient and ornamental
manner, and prevent any bending of the hanging wire or of the frame on that side.
Arms extending from the vertical part of the hanging wire to the outer part of the
frame wire, one on each side of the frame, prevent any sagging downward of the
outside of the receptacle.
These bracing wires and arms not only serve as braces, but also form an additional
back and sides for the receptacle.
The third part of this Invention relates to the formation of a stand or holder
made of wire, and provided with opposite parallel projecting arms, the object of
this part of my Invention being to provide a stand adapted to hold such articles as
pins, pencils, tooth brushes, and the like. The frame of this stand is formed of a
single wire, and the two ends of this wire are bent to form two legs: Two other
legs are formed by another wire, which is first bent to form one of the same, and it
is then united and twisted with the frame wire for a short distance, and is then
carried across to the other portion of the frame, and united and twisted with that
before forming the fourth leg. The union of this wire with both parts of the frame
greatly strengthens and stiffens the latter, while a cross brace prevents any spreading
of the frame or legs. There are projecting arms, and the stand may be provided
with one or two pairs or with more. Two of such projecting arms are formed of one
wire, and two, namely, one on each side, are formed of a single wire, which is united
with the wire of the frame between the arms. Another cross brace strengthens the
frame above the arms. This stand is also provided at or near the top thereof with
wires, which form sockets for holding articles in a vertical position; these sockets
are formed by wires, the ends of which are attached to each side of the frame, and
between the two sides of the frame they are bent of a proper shape and size to form
the sockets, which are adapted to hold articles, such as tooth brushes, in a vertical
position. The wires which form these sockets also serve as a cross brace at the top
of the frame.
This stand provided with opposite projecting arms may also be constructed as a
hanging holder instead of the form last described. In this case the ends of the
wire frame, instead of forming legs, are bent to form hooks, which may be hung
over any convenient object or support.
The fourth part of the said Invention relates to the construction of a wire stand
having its front legs lying in an inclined plane, and provided with a projecting
hook or hooks on each leg, this form of stand being adapted for use as an easel, or
for holding cards, photographs, or the like. The front legs or frame of the stand
lie in an inclined plane, against which the article to be held is placed; the rear leg

page_text: of the stand is rigidly connected to the front legs, or to a cross brace at the top of
the stand. Projecting hooks hold the picture, card, or other article placed therein
against the inclined legs; these legs are connected near their lower end by a cross
brace.
The fifth part of the said Invention relates to the construction of a wire stand,
the front and rear legs of which are hinged or jointed together, and held apart near
the bottom by a suitably arranged spreader, and provided with hooks for holding
articles, the object of this part of the Invention being to provide a stand adapted to
hold articles such as pictures, books, and the like at any angle, and at the same
time allow of the stand being folded together, and packed in a small space for
transportation.
"
The front legs of this stand are connected at the top and bottom by cross braces,
and the rear legs of the stand aro hinged to the top brace. One end of the spreader
is loosely jointed to the lower cross bar in any convenient manner, while in the
other end I make a number of hooks, which engage upon a cross bar at the lower
end of the rear legs, and hold the latter at any desired distance from the front legs.
Projecting hooks are provided, which, instead of being rigidly attached to the legs
are connected to the top cross brace by arms being loosely pivoted thereto, and
form swinging pendant hooks, which are adapted to receive and hold both thick
and thin articles, and they adapt themselves to the thickness of the article placed
therein, while by means of the spreader the articles held may be inclined at any
desired angle.
The sixth part of the said Invention relates to the construction of a wire stand
provided with a series of partition wires extending upward from the frame, this
form of stand being adapted to hold a number of articles separate from each other,
and specially designed for holding slices of bread or similar articles, one in each
space between the wires. The frame wires are united at the corners, and bent
downward to form the legs; the partition wires extend vertically upward from the
frame, and are united at the top by transvese wires, or each partition wire may be
formed of a single wire. The middle partition wire is provided with a handle for
lifting the stand.
The frame is provided with suitable brace wires to strengthen it, and prevent it
from spreading or bending.
The seventh part of the said Invention relates to the construction of a stand
composed of an upper and a lower frame connected by wires extending from one to
the other, and provided with a wire cover adapted to be closed over the upper
frame, the object of this part of the said Invention being to provide a wire holder
or receptacle, which may be closed with a cover.
The upper and lower frames may be of a circular form, or they may be made of
other shapes, such as square or rectangular.
The base frame is provided with a series of wires extending across the plane of
the base frame in any convenient manner, and of a sufficient number to form a
bottom for the holder.
The upper and lower frames are connected by a series of wires extending from
one frame to the other. These wires serve both to unite the two frames and support
them in position, and also for the sides of the holder or box. The frame of the
cover is hinged to the aforesaid upper frame, and this cover or top is, like the lower
frame, provided with wires extending across it, both for the purpose of preventing
the articles in the holder from falling out, and of strengthening the frame; this
cover when closed over the box fastened down by means of a loose wire loop,
which engages on a hook provided on the body of the box or holder. The box or
holder thus formed is specially adapted to hold light bulky articles, the wires of the
sides and ends being sufficiently close to prevent them from falling through.
This arrangement of the wires also forms a framework for encasing and protecting
a light and thin paper or similar box. The wires of the sides and ends protect the
inner paper box, and prevent any part of the latter from being broken or jammed.

page_text: The eighth part of the said Invention relates to provision for enclosing a solid
body within the wires which form the frame of a stand, the object of this part of
the said Invention being to construct a stand adapted to hold articles such as
pictures, looking glasses, or the like when the latter are set in a frame. The frame
wires are firmly bent around the frame of the looking glass or other article, and
are bent to form the front legs of the stand. A cross brace extends from one side
of the frame to the opposite side, and serves to strengthen the frame and hold the
object in the frame firmly in place; this cross brace is provided with eyes, to which
the legs of the stand are hinged.
-
In order to prevent the legs from sprending when the stand is in position they
are provided with projecting brackets extending upward from the legs, and when
the latter are spread far enough from the frame to give the latter an inclined position
these brackets are so formed as to rest against the back of the object in the frame,
and form a brace for the legs to prevent them from slipping backward.
The ninth part of the said Invention relates to the novel arrangement and com-
bination of wires with a solid base plate, the object of this part of the Invention
being to make a stand adapted for a bottle holder or table caster. Several wires
are united to form the handle, and are separated at or near a centre piece, and the
ends are carried outward radially between rings of the holder, and bent inward
under the said centre piece. These rings are made of wires separate from the wires
which form the handle, and a portion of each ring rests upon the said centre piece,
and is firmly held thereto by a thin metallic strap, which passes under the centre
piece, with its ends bent over and around the wire rings on the top of the centre
piece. This centre piece sustains the weight of the holder or caster when it is lifted,
and holds the rings firmly in place by means of the said strap.
The base of the caster upon which the bottles or cructs stand is held in position
by the wires which form the rings, and which also constitute the frame of the
stand.
The rings are formed of two-stranded wire, and one of the strands from each two
adjacent.rings.is separated after being bent downward to form legs, and is bent
firmly around the outer edge of the base plate, and united again and bent downward
to form feet. One of the wires of the feet is separated, and bent inwardly under
the base plate to form a bracket, upon which the base plate rests, and it enables the
latter to sustain articles of considerable weight without being pressed downward
through the frame.
In another form of this holder or caster the wires which form the rings and legs
are separated above the solid base, and bent both over the top thereof and around
the outer edge; this method of enclosing the base plate on the top, as well as on
the sides, hold it in place, very firmly.
In order to give the frame greater stiffness and solidity an upright brace is used,
extending through the base and centre piece, and having the wires of the handle
firmly twisted around it; this brace gives the frame great stiffness and strength,
and prevents any lateral bending or yielding of the frame.
The tenth part of the said Invention relates to the construction of a wire holder
for holding articles in a vertical hanging position, and is specially adapted to hold
flat articles, such as a plate for the purpose of painting or decoration. A wire is
provided having a hook or eye at its upper end, by which it hangs, while the other
end is bent outward, and. is provided with a hook at the end. To the lower part of
this pendant wire another wire is united, having its end bent in a corresponding
manner with a hook at its end, and a third wire is adapted to slide up and down
on the pendant wire by a loose sleeve. The article to be held, such as a plate, is
placed with its edge within two of the hooks, and it is held in place and prevented
from falling out by the sliding hook, and when desired this sliding wire may be
pressed down upon the article by a spring to prevent any accidental dropping out
of the article in the holder.
The cleventh part of the said Invention relates to the construction of a wire

page_text: stand or holder provided with adjustable or extension arms adapted to be placed
upon rests or supports at different distances apart; this form of stand may be used
as a strainer, but holders for other purposes may be attached in a similar manner.
The rim of a strainer so constructed is provided on opposite sides thereof with
sleeves, through which parallel arms pass, and by which the strainer is sustained.
Each pair of parallel arms is formed of a single piece of wire, and the ends of these
arms are bent or looped around the other arms. Each parallel arm is thus given
three bearing places, which give the arms sufficient strength to hold considerable
weight without bending. These arms are placed upon supports as upon the sides
of a dish, and when these supports are of different distances apart the length of the
arms may be increased or diminished at will by simply drawing out or pushing in
the arms.
The strainer or other holder so constructed may also be moved to different
relative parts of the arms by sliding it back and forth on the arms by means of
sleeves.
The twelfth part of the said Invention relates to the construction of a stand
having a flat surface for holding articles above and free from the table, on which the
stand is placed. This form of stand is specially adapted for holding hot articles,
such as sad irons, dishes, or the like away from the table or support beneath, so
that the latter will not be scorched by the heat, or otherwise disfigured. The flat
surface of the stand is formed by a series of wires, the ends of which are bent at
right angles to the direction of their length. One of the wires at or near each end
of the stand is bent downward near each end thereof to form feet or legs, upon
which the stand rests, and when the stand is of some length it may also be provided
in the same manner with legs in the middle of the stand. The horizontally bent
ends of the surface wires are all encased in a strip of strong stiff sheet metal, one on
each side; this strip is cut of a proper width to completely encase the bent ends,
and have their longitudinal edges meet and form a close seain on the inner part of
each bent end. These strips of metal, being firmly bent completely around each
of the horizontally bent ends of the surface wires so that there can be no looseness
of any of the ends in the strip, form a bearing surface for the. ends of the surface
wires, and form a stiff and rigid edge for the stand, and make the stand strong and
stiff enough to maintain its shape while sustaining quite heavy articles.
The thirteenth part of the said Invention relates to the construction of a wire
stand or holder specially adapted for holding a meat broiler before a vertical open
grate. Hooks are provided by which the holder is hung before the grate. Wires
form the rear frame, which extends downward and rests against the grate. The
front frame is connected to the rear fraine by suitably arranged braces; protecting
arms are provided, from which the boiler is hung.
The outer or front frame has attached to it a dripper directly under the broiler,
into which the juices of the meat boing cooked will drop, and be preserved.
The fourteenth part of the said Invention relates to the construction of a wire bit
for horses, the object of this part of the Invention being to construct a strong and
durable bit at a much less expense than that of those now in use.
In one form of this bit the mouth-piece is composed of two wires, which may be
twisted together a portion or the whole of the length for the purpose of increasing
the stiffness and rigidity of the mouth-piece. Side pieces are inade of separate
wires from the mouth-piece. Two wires, which form a side piece, are twisted
together a sufficient distance to form one end of the side piece, when one of the
wires is bent to form a complete ring, and the two wires are re-united and twisted
together to form the other end. The ends of the mouth-piece are bent within the
ring around the side pieces. The rings and side pieces are thus formed solidly
together, and this method of forming the side piece and ring together, as above
described, brings within an eye three parts of wire, while the ends are formed of
only two parts of wire, and consequently that part of the side piece within the eye
where the pulling strain in driving is exerted is sufficiently strengthened to bear
the strain without any bending or yielding of the side piece.

page_text: In another form of the wire side piece the mouth-piece is formed of two wires,
the ends of which are bent outward; the rings are formed each of a single wire,
and the ends of the ring are wound spirally around the bent ends of the mouth-
piece forming the side piece. This spiral winding of the ring ends around the out-
wardly bent ends of the mouth-piece forms a side piece of great strength and
rigidity, which is capable of sustaining a strong pulling strain without any bending
or yielding.
In order to give the wire forming the above-named articles a bright and orna-
mental appearance the articles may be dipped in a solution of melted tin, which also
solders together the various parts of the wire already united, and increases the
firmness and rigidity of the articles.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Henry Harris Lake in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 24th
February 1879.
HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Office of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WIRE
STANDS, FRAMES, RACKS, AND SIMILAR DEVICES TO BE USED AS HOLDERS OR
RECEPTACLES FOR VARIOUS ARTICLES, WHICH INVENTION IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO
THE MANUFACTURE OF WIRE GOODS FOR OTHER PURPOSES." A communication
from abroad by Edward P. Woods, Daniel Sherwood, and Cyrus H. Latham, all of
Lowell, Massachusetts, United States of America.
The said Invention relates to the construction of wire stands, frames, racks, and
similar devices, to be used as holders or receptacles for various articles, the said
Invention being also applicable to the manufacture of wire goods for other
purposes.
The accompanying Drawings illustrate the manner in which the said Invention
is carried into practice, and I will now proceed to describe the same.
In Figure 1 the frame A, A, is a single wire bent in the form of a rectangle, as
shown, or of any other ornamental shape. a, a, represent the legs of the stand,
which are made of separate wires whose ends are united to opposite sides of the
frame.
The bottom of the receptacle is formed of a series of wires, the ends of which are
united to opposite sides of the frame. One end of these wires is united to one side
of the frame, and the wires are bent downward perpendicularly to the plane of the
said frame a sufficient distance to form one side of the receptacle; the wires are
then turned inward at right angles to form the bottom of the said receptacle, and
the other ends of the wires form the opposite side of the same, and are united to
the opposite part of the frame.
These wires may be bent to form an ornamental figure for the bottom of the said
receptacle, such as a diamond shape, as shown.
This combination and arrangement of the wires forms a stand of sufficient strength
and rigidity to maintain its shape when holding light articles, such as soap, for
which it is especially designed.
This Invention also provides a holder or receptacle of wire to be hung on the
wall or in any other convenient place, and adapted to hold light or bulky articles,
as shewn in Figure 2.
The sides and bottom of this receptacle are formed in the manner above described.
To one corner of the frame I attach a wire C, which is carried upward perpen-
dicularly to the plane of the frame, and then bent across and downward to the
other corner on the same side, and it is provided with a hook or ring c, by which it
hangs.
To prevent the bending of the wire when supporting the weight of the articles
in the receptacle it is braced or strengthened by the wires D, D, one end of these
wires being united to the hanging wire C at or near the middle of the latter, while
the other ends are attached to the frame on the same side of the hanging wire C;
these bracing wires D, D, are united to the hanging wire C in a convenient and
ornamental manner, and prevent any bending of the hanging wire or of the frame on
that side. The arms E, E, extending from the vertical part of the hanging wire C to
the outer part of the frame wire A, A, one on each side of the frame, preventing
any sagging downward of the outside of the receptacle.
These wires D and E not only serve as braces, but also form an additional back
and sides for the receptacle.
As shewn in Figure 3, A, A, represent the frame of a stand adapted to hold such
articles as pens, pencils, tooth brushes, and the like. This frame is formed of a
single wire, and the two ends of this wire are bent to form the legs a, ȧ. The other

page_text: legs a', a', are formed by another wire which is first bent to form one of the legs a¹,
and it is then united and twisted with the frame wire for a short distance, and is
then carried across to the other portion of the frame, and united and twisted with
that before forming the fourth leg. The union of this wire with both parts of the
frame greatly strengthens and stiffens the latter, while the cross brace B prevents
any spreading of the frame or legs. C, C, represent the opposite projecting arms,
and the stand may be provided with one or two pairs, as shown in the Drawings,
or with more. The two projecting arms C, D, are formed of a wire united with the
wire of the frame between the arms. Another cross brace E strengthens the frame
above the arms. This stand is also provided at or near the top thereof with wires,
which form sockets for holding articles in a vertical position.
These sockets or holders F are formed by the wires f, f, whose ends are attached
to each side of the frame, and between the two sides of the frame they are bent to a
proper shape and size to form the sockets F, F, which are adapted to hold articles,
such as tooth brushes, in a vertical position. The wires which form these sockets
also serve as a cross brace at the top of the frame.
This stand, provided with oppositely projecting arms, may also be constructed as
a hanging holder, instead of in the form last described, as shown in Figure 4. In
this case the ends of the wire frame, instead of forming legs, are bent to form hooks
G, G, which may be hung over any convenient object or support.
Figure 5 illustrates the construction of a wire stand having its front legs lying in
an inclined plane, and provided with a projecting hook or hooks on each leg, this
form of stand being adapted for use as an easel, or for holding cards, photographs,
or the like.
A, A, represent the front legs or frame of the stand, which lie in an inclined plane,
and against which the article to be held is placed; B is the rear leg of the stand,
which is rigidly connected to the front legs or to a cross brace E at the top of the
stand; C, C, are projecting hooks, which hold the picture card or other article.
placed therein against the inclined legs A, A; these legs are connected near their
lower-end-by a cross-brace D.
Figure 6 illustrates the construction of a wire stand, the front and rear legs of
which are hinged or jointed together, and held apart near the bottom by a suitably
arranged spreader, and provided with hooks for holding the articles, the object of
this part of the Invention being to provide a stand adapted to hold articles such as
pictures, books, and the like at any angle, and at the same time allow of the stand
being folded together and packed in a small case for transportation.
The front legs A, A, are connected at the top and bottom by the cross braces E
and D. B, B, represent the rear legs of the stand, which are hinged to the top
brace E; G is the spreader, one end of which is loosely jointed to the lower cross
bar D in any convenient manner as to the eyes d, d, while in the other end I inake
a number of hooks a, a, a, which engage upon a cross bar F at the lower end of the
rear legs, and hold the latter at any desired distance from the front legs; C, C,
represent the projecting hooks; these hooks, instead of being rigidly attached to the
legs, are connected to the cross brace E by the arms c,.c, being loosely jointed
thereto, and form swinging pendant hooks, which are adapted to receive and hold
thick and thin articles, and they adapt themselves to the thickness of the article
placed therein, while by means of the spreader G the articles held may be inclined
at any desired angle.
Figure 7 illustrates the construction of a wire stand provided with a series of
partition wires extending upward from the frame, this form of stand being adapted
to hold a number of articles separate from each other, and specially designed for
holding slices of bread or similar articles, one in each space between the wires.
A, A, are the frame wires, which are united at the corners, and bent downward
to form the legs a, a; B, B, represent the partition wires extending vertically
upward from the frame, and united at the top by transverse wires, or each partition
wire may be formed of a single wire. The middle partition wire is provided with a
handle for lifting the stand.

page_text: The frame is provided with suitable brace wires to strengthen it, and prevent it
from spreading or bending.
Figure 8 illustrates the construction of a stand composed of an upper and a lower
frame, connected by wires extending from one to the other, and provided with a
wire cover adapted to be closed over the upper frame, the object of this part of my
Invention being to provide a wire holder or receptacle which may be closed with a
cover.
A and B represent the upper and lower frames, which, as shown, are of a circular
form, but they may be made of other shapes, such as. square or rectangular. The
base frame is provided with a series of wires a, a, a, extending across the plane of
the base frame in any convenient manner, and of a sufficient number to form a bottom
for the holder.
The two frames A and B are connected by a series of wires D, D, D, extending
from one frame to the other.
These wires serve both to unite the two frames and support them in position,
and also for the sides of the holder or box. C represents the frame of the cover,
which is hinged to the upper frame A, and this cover or top is, like the lower frame,
provided with wires a, a, a, extending across it for preventing the articles in the
holder from falling out, and for strengthening the frame. This cover when closed
over the box is fastened down by means of a loose wire loop F, which engages on a
hook e on the body of the box or holder. The box or holder thus formed is specially
adapted to hold light bulky articles, the wires of the sides and ends being sufficiently
close to prevent them falling through. This arrangement of the wires also forms a
framework for enclosing and protecting a light and thin paper or similar box, as
shown.
The wires of the sides and ends protect the inner paper box, and prevent any part
of the latter from being broken or jammed.
..To provide for enclosing a solid body within the wires which form the frame of a
stand I construct a stand adapted to hold articles, such as pictures, looking glasses,
or the like when the latter are set in a frame. This stand is shown in Figure 9,
which represents a looking glass enclosed and held by the wire frame.
•
A, B, represent the frame wires, which are firmly bent around the frame C, C, of
the looking glass, and which are bent to form the front legs of the stand. A cross
brace D extends from one side of the frame to the opposite side, and serves to
strengthen the frame, and hold the object in the frame firmly in place; this cross
brace is provided with eyes d, d, to which the. legs E, E, of the stand are
hinged.
In order to prevent spreading of the legs when the stand is in position they are
provided with projecting brackets e, e, extending upward from the legs, and when
the latter are spread far enough from the frame to give the latter an inclined
position, these brackets are so formed as to rest against the back of the object in
the frame, and form a brace for the legs to keep them from slipping backward.
- Figure 10 illustrates a novel arrangement and combination of wires with a solid
base plate to make a stand adapted for a bottle holder or table caster.
A represents the handle of the holder or caster; the several wires which are
united to form the handle are separated at or near the centre piece C, and these
ends a, a, a, are carried outward radially between the rings of the holder, and bent
inward under this centre piece, as shown in Figure 12. B, B, represent the rings;
these rings are made of wires separate from the wires which form the handle, and a
portion of each ring rests upon the centre piece C, and is firmly held thereto by a
thin metallic strap e, which passes under the centre piece with its ends bent over
and around the wire rings on the top of the centre piece; this centre piece sustains
the weight of the holder or caster when it is lifted, and holds the rings firmly in
place by means of the strap e. D represents the base of the caster upon which the
bottles or cruets stand; this base is held in position by the wires that form the rings,
and that also constitute.the frame of the stand.
The rings are formed of two-stranded wire, and one of the strands from each two

page_text: adjacent rings is separated after being bent downward to form the legs F, F, and is
bent firmly around the outer edges of the base plate, and united again and bent
downward to form the feet E, E.
One of the wires of the feet E, E, is separated and bent inward under the base
plate D to form a bracket d, d, upon which the base plate rests, and it enables the
latter to sustain articles of considerable weight without being pressed downward
through the frame.
Figure 11 shews another form of the said holder or caster. In this caster the
wires which form the rings B, B, and legs F, F, are separated above the solid base D,
and bent over the top and around the outer edge of the same; this method of
enclosing the base plate on the top as well as on the sides hold it in place very
firmly.
In order to give the frame greater stiffness and solidity an upright braco G is
used, extending through the base and centre piece, and having the wires of the
handle firmly twisted around it.
This brace G gives the frame great stiffness and strength, and prevents any lateral
bending or yielding of the frame.
Figure 13 illustrates the construction of a wire holder for holding articles in a
vertical hanging position, and specially adapted to hold flat articles, such as a plate,
for the purpose of painting or decoration.
A represents a wire having a hook or eye a at its upper end, by which it hangs,
while the other end is bent outward, and is provided with a hook b at the end. To
tlie lower part of this pendant wire A another wire B is united, having its end bent
in a corresponding manner with a hook 6 at its end, and a third wire C is adapted
to slide up and down on the pendant wire by the loose sleeve c. The article to be
held, such as a plate, is placed with its edge within the two hooks b, b, and it is
held in place and kept from falling out by the sliding hook C, and when desired
this sliding wire may be pressed down upon the article by a spring D to prevent
any accidental dropping out of the article in the holder.
Figure 14 illustrates the construction of a wire stand or holder provided with
adjustable or extension arms adapted to be placed upon rests or supports at different
distances apart.
A represents the holder which, as shown in the Drawing, is a strainer, but holders
for other purposes may be attached in a similar manner. The rim of this strainer
is provided on opposite sides thereof with sleeves B, B, through which the parallel
arms C, C, D, D, pass, and by which the strainer is sustained. Each pair of parallel
arms is formed of a single piece of wire, and the ends of each of theso arms are bent
or looped around the other arms; and each parallel arm is thus given three bearing
places, which give the arms sufficient strength to hold considerable weight without
bending. These arms are placed upon supports, as upon the sides of a dish, and
when these supports are of different distances apart the length of the arm may be
increased or diminished at will by simply drawing out or pushing in the said arms.
The strainer A or other holder may also be moved to different relative parts of
the arms by sliding it back and forth on the arms by means of the sleeves B, B.
Figure 15 illustrates the construction of a stand having a flat surface for holding
articles above and free from the table on which the stand is placed.
This form of stand is specially adapted for holding hot articles, such as sad irons,
dishes, or the like away from the table or support beneath, so that the latter will
not be scorched by the heat or otherwise disfigured.
The flat surface of the stand on which the article is placed is formed by a series
of wires A, A, the ends of which are bent at right angles to the direction of their
length. One of the wires of the stand is bent downward near each end thereof to
form feet or legs a, a, upon which the stand rests, and the said stand may also be.
provided in the same manner with legs in the middle of the same.
The horizontally bent ends of the surface wires are all encased in a strip of strong
stiff sheet metal B, one on each side. This strip is cut to a proper width to com-
pletely encase the bent ends, and have their longitudinal edges meet, and form a

page_text: close seam on the inner part of each bent end. These strips of metal being applied
firmly, bent completely around each of the horizontal bent ends of the surface wires,
so that there can be no looseness of any of the ends. in the strip, form a bearing
surface for the ends of the surface wires, and form a stiff and rigid edge for the
stand, and make the said stand strong and stiff enough to maintain its shape whilo
sustaining heavy articles.
Figure 16 illustrates the construction of a wire stand or holder specially adapted
for holding a meat broiler before a vertical open grate.
A, A, represent the hooks by which the holder is hung before the grate. The
wires B, B, form the rear frame, which extends downward and rests against the
grate; C, C, represents the front frame, which is connected to the rear frame by
suitably arranged braces a, a, b, b; D, D, represent the projecting arms from which
the broiler is hung. The outer or front frame has attached to it a dripper E directly
under the broiler; the juices of the meat being cooked will drop into this dripper,
and be preserved.
Figure 17 shows one form of a horse's bit constructed according to this Inven-
tion, and which will be strong and durable and less costly to manufacture than
those now in use.
A represents the mouth-piece composed of two wires, which may be twisted
together a portion or the whole of the length for the purpose of increasing the
stiffness and rigidity of the mouth-piece; B, B, represent the side pieces, and C, C,
the rings; these side pieces are made of separate wires from the mouth-piece. The
two wires a, a¹, which form a side piece, are twisted together a sufficient distance
to form one end of the side piece when one of the wires is bent to form a complete
ring C, and the two parts a, a, are re-united and twisted together to form the
other end.
The ends of the mouth-piece are bent within the ring C around the side pieces
B, B; the rings and side pieces are thus formed solidly together, and this method
of forming the side piece and ring together, as above described, brings within tho
eye c, c, three parts of wire, while the ends are formed of only two parts of wire,
and consequently that part of the side piece within the eye where the pulling strain
in driving is exerted is sufficiently strengthened to bear the strain without any
binding or yielding of the side piece.
Another form of the wire side piece is shown in Figure 18. The mouth-piece is
formed of two wires, the ends of which are bent outward; the rings C are formed
cach of a single wire, and the ends a¹, a¹, of the ring are wound spirally around the
bent ends a, a, of the mouth-piece, forming the side piece B, B.
This spiral winding of the ring ends around the outwardly bent ends of the
mouth-piece forms a side piece of great strength and rigidity, which is capable of
sustaining a strong pulling strain without any bending or yielding.
In order to give the wire forming the above-described articles a bright and orna-
mental appearance, they may be dipped in a solution of melted tin, which also
solders together the various parts of the wire already united, and increases the
firmness and rigidity of the said articles.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondents, and the manner of performing the same, I wish it understood
that I claim the improvements in the construction of wire articles, comprising,-
First. A wire stand provided with sockets for holding articles vertically.
Second. A wire stand having its front legs lying in an inclined plane, and pro-
vided with opposite projecting hooks.
Third. A wire stand provided with a loose pendant holder.
Fourth. A wire stand having its front and rear legs hinged together, and provided
with a spreader adapted to hold the legs apart at different distances.
Fifth. The combination of the frame wires with the enclosed frame and legs.
Sixth. In combination with the frame wires adapted to enclose a solid body the
cross brace adapted to hold the sides of the frame in place, and prevent the falling
of any article through the same.

page_text: t
Seventh. In a wire stand, the front legs of which lie in an inclined plane, and
are adapted to hold a solid body, the rear legs provided with the brackets.
Eighth. A wire stand provided with a solid base plate.
Ninth. In a wire stand the combination of the wire rings with the solid base
plate.
Tenth. In a wire stand the combination of the wire rings with the centre piece
and handle.
Eleventh. In a wire stand the combination of the handle, the centre piece, and
the base with the upright brace.
Twelfth. In a wire stand the combination of the wire frame and solid base with
the brackets.
Thirteenth. The combination of the bent wires with the sliding wire.
Fourteenth. A wire stand or holder provided with adjustable or extension
arms.
Fifteenth. A wire stand or holder provided with the sleeves adapted to slide on
the parallel arms of the holder.
Sixteenth. In a wire stand or holder the feet formed of the same wires which
form the surface of the stand.
Seventeenth. A wire stand or holder composed of two frames, one of which is
provided with hooks, while the other is provided with projecting arms.
Eighteenth. A wire stand or holder provided with a dripper.
Nineteenth. A side piece for a horse's bit formed of twisted wire.
Twentieth. A side piece for a horse's bit composed of two wires, one of which is
bent to form the ring.
Twenty-first. In combination with the twisted wire mouth-piece the ring having t
its ends wound spirally around the bent ends of the mouth-piece.
All as above set forth and shewn in the Drawings, and for the purposes
specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Harris Lake, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-nine.