Improvements in or connected with Filters.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 27th June, 1896
Complete Crecifention
L
COAL
1002
0212
2000
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Filters.
I, HENRY HOCKING of 7 York Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to apparatus for filtering water, more especially
feed water for supplying steam generators, and relates to that class of filtering
apparatus in which the water is forced by a pump through filtering body or material
contained within a suitable casing.
According to the present invention, a filter of the kind above referred to is
provided with suitable filtering body or material contained within the casing, and
provided with an inlet for the unpurified water, and an outlet for the filtered water,
and also with valves and passages by which water is passed either through the
filtering media or through by-pass passage to the outlet. The valvular apparatus
by which this is effected consists of a hand operated valve, say a screw valve, which
controls the flow through the filtering media, and an outlet passage thereon (also
controlled by hand operated valve), and an automatically opening by-pass valve
normally closed by a spring, the said hand operated valve being adapted, when
closed, to act upon and open the spring retained or by-pass valve, so that when this
inlet valve to the filter is closed, the by-pass valve is open, and moreover such
by-pass valve is also automatically opened against the action of its spring when the
filtering medium becomes clogged or the pressure required to force the water
through it, becomes excessive. This automatic action takes place even when the
band actuated inlet valve is open.
When it is desired to pass the feed through the apparatus by the by-pass passage
solely, the inlet valve to the filter and the outlet valve from the filter chamber are
closed.
In one arrangement of valvular apparatus by which the action above referred to
is effected, and by an inexpensive construction, the hand actuated inlet valve and
the spring retained by-pass valve are disposed in the casing, and their seats end for
end, opening in opposite directions, the end of the hand actuated valve being
adapted to press upon the end of and open the by-pass valve when the hand-actuated
valve is closed, and the by-pass valve being free at any time to be opened by the
pressure upon it within the feed inlet.
Dated this 26th day of June 1896.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
15 Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Filters.
I, HENRY HOCKING of 7 York Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do bereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention has reference to apparatus for filtering water, more especially

page_text: feed water for supplying steam generators; and relates to that kind or class of
filtering apparatus in which the water is forced by a pump through filtering body
or material contained within a suitable casing.
According to the present invention, a filter of the kind above referred to, is
provided with suitable filtering body or material contained within the casing, and
provided with an inlet for the unpurified water, and an outlet for the filtered water;
and also with valves and passages by which water is passed either through the
filtering media, or through a by-pass passage to the outlet. The valvular apparatus
by which this is effected consists of a hand operated valve, say a screw valve, which
controls the flow through the filtering media, and an outlet passage thereon (also
controlled by hand operated valve), and an automatically opening by-pass valve
normally closed by a spring, the said hand operated valve being adapted, when
closed, to act upon and open the spring retained or by-pass valve, so that when
this inlet valve to the filter is closed, the by-pass valve is open; and moreover
such by-pass valve is also automatically opened against the action of its spring
when the filtering material becomes clogged, or the pressure required to force the
water through it, becomes excessive. This automatic action takes place even when
the hand actuated inlet valve is open.
When it is desired to pass the feed through the apparatus by the by-pass passage,
solely, the inlet valve to the filter, and the outlet valve from the filter chamber,
are closed.
In one arrangement of valvular apparatus by which the action above referred to
is effected, and by an inexpensive and advantageous construction, the hand actuated
inlet valve, and the spring retained by-pass valve, are disposed in the casing, in
their seats, end to end, opening in opposite directions, the end of the hand actuated
valve being adapted to press upon the end of, and open, the by-pass valve when
the hand-actuated valve is closed; the by-pass valve being free at any time to be
operated by the pressure upon it within the feed inlet.
Apparatus involving improvements under this invention are illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
Figures 1, 2 and 3 shew in sectional elevation, outside elevation, and plan,
respectively, one form or construction of apparatus according to this invention.
Figure 4, and Figure 5, are sectional elevations shewing modifications of valvular
apparatus provided with improvements hereunder.
In the different figures of the drawings, the same letters are used to denote the
same or equivalent parts wherever they occur.
Referring to the drawings,-in the first instance to Figures 1 to 3-a is the casing
of the apparatus, containing within it the filtering medium , which, in the case
shewn, is in the form of an annular cartridge carried by a perforated inner tube bl,
and held within an externally perforated wire jacket, and suitable end covers. c is
the inlet passage for the unpurified water, and d is the outlet passage for the purified
water. e is the inlet valve on the upper side of the passage c, by which the
unpurified water is admitted to the case a for filtration through the filtering
medium, or shut off therefrom; while fis the by-pass valve, on the underside of
the passage c, which controls a by-pass passage g (which runs into the outlet
passage d), and which when open admits unpurified water direct from the inlet c to
the by-pass passage g; i.e. the circuit in this case being made without passing
through the filtering material. This valve is normally pressed onto its seat by a
spring, and is pressed off its seat when the valve e is closed.
As regards the other parts of the apparatus shewn in these figures, h is a valve
on the outlet from the tube b¹ of the cartridge b, and controlling the communication
between this tube and the outlet d. Normally this valve his open, and is only
closed when it is desired to shut off the body a altogether from the passages c, g,
and d; in which case the valve e is also closed.
With regard to the valves e and f, it will be seen these valves are arranged on
the same axial line in their pipe or casing, and that their inner ends face each
other, and have extensions e₁ and f¹ respectively. These valves with their

page_text: extensions are so arranged that the valve e cannot be closed without the valve f
being opened at the same time, the distance between the faces of the two valves,.
when the parts el f' touch, being greater than the distance between the faces of
their seats. In this example, the actual opening is effected by closing the valve e..
as the end of this hand actuated valve in closing presses upon and opens the valve f..
The spring facts, and is held in position and adjusted in the ordinary manner of
a relief valve.
In action, in the ordinary operative condition of the filter, the valves e and h are.
open, and closed. The impure water forced or introduced into the inlet c, is
therefore caused to pass past the valve cinto the case a, and thence, through the
filtering medium, into the tube b', and out by the outlet passage past the valve h,
to the outlet d. Then, when it is desired to shut off the body a from the supply,
the valve e controlling such supply is closed; but this valve cannot be
closed while the by-pass f is also closed; that is, this valve must be opened'
before e is closed, and this is effected by the construction, shewn in the
drawings automatically by the actual closing of the valve e, as, in closing e, its.
end e' comes in contact with the part 1 of the valve f, and actually forces that.
valve off its seat. Hence, the closing of one valve without opening the other, is.
rendered impossible; and mistakes in this respect are therefore avoided.
As.
Referring now to Figure 4, the characteristics involved in this modification are-
identical with those existing in the apparatus just described, except that the.
valve fis a screw-down valve, precisely similar to e, instead of being held by a
spring; that is, it is a non-automatic valve, instead of an automatic one.
shewn by the illustration, by the relative arrangement of the valves e and f, and of
their opposing end pieces e 1, the valve e cannot be closed unless the valvef be.
open; and vice versa.. Thus the same object and effect in this case is obtained, as.
in the former case; while the general construction is also substantially identical.
In the modified valvular apparatus shewn in Figure 5, a similar non-automatic-
arrangement to that shewn in Figure 4 is illustrated; but in addition, in this case,.
there is shewn combined with these valves, the valve h, that is, the valve by which
communication between the purified water conduit from the filtering body, and the
outlet conduit d of the apparatus, is controlled. The valve h, in this case, is...
coupled up with, and operated by the same operating means as the by-pass valve f;
so that the opening of this valve, effects also the closing of the passage d', from the.
filtering body to the outlet d. This valve h and outlet d, therefore, in this case,
are on the casing of the valves e and f. It will be seen, the valves e and f, arranged:
in their casings in relation to the inlet c, and with their end extensions ef, are
identical with those shewn in Figure 4. As shewn by the drawings, the arrange-.
inent and construction of the parts is such, that when the valve fis on its seat, the
valve his off its seat, and the valve e is also off its seat; and therefore the passage.
for the purified water from the filter through d must always be open when the
valve is closed, and e, therefore, open. When e is closed, then must be open.
and h closed.
It will be seen with reference to the arrangements or modifications illustrated,
that the structural characteristic, by which when the inlet valve to the filter is.
closed, a by-pass valve must be open, and vice versa, exists in all, i.e. both in the
automatic and non-automatic examples.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention.
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I have to state, that I am aware.
of Letters Patent No. 6801 of 1891 granted to A. Harris, in which there is specified.
and patented a by-pass valve which, when the resistance of the filter becomes
excessive, cuts off the filter from the circuit, and allows the water to go direct to.
the boiler without passing through the filter, and I make no claim to such a by-pass.
valve, or anything covered under said patent; but what I claim in respect of the
berein described invention is :-
1. In filtering apparatus of the kind herein referred to, the improvement consisting

page_text: of inlet and by-pass valves and passages arranged and adapted to operate, and
control each others actions or positions; substantially as herein set forth.
2. In filtering apparatus of the kind herein referred to, the combination and
arrangement in connection with the unpurified water inlet c, of the supply inlet
valve e, and by-pass valve f, arranged in relation to each other, and having their
inner adjacent ends or parts adapted to control each others actions or positions ;
substantially as shewn in, and set forth with reference to, the drawings.
3. In filtering apparatus, parts comprising the unpurified water inlet c; and
valves e and f, arranged end to end in the same axial line, and in a casing attached
to the filter body, and controlling respectively the conveyance to, and by-passing
from the filter, of liquid supplied to it; as shewn in and set forth with reference to
the drawings.
4. The filtering apparatus having conduits and valves e and f, particularly as
shewn in and set forth with reference to Figures 1 to 3; and Figures 4 and 5,
respectively, of the drawings.
Dated this 26th day of March 1897.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
15 Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.