Improvements in Dyeing Machines.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 9th June, 1891-Accepted, 26th Sept., 1891
DI BUITIATION.
Improvements in Dyeing Machines.
I, CHARLES LEOPOLD KLAUDER, Dyer of 195 Huntingdon Street, Philadelphia,
in the County of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, United States of America,
do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My invention relates to dyeing machines and consists of certain improvements
which are fully set forth in the following Specification and shown in the accom-
panying drawings which form a part thereof.
My invention is particularly adapted to the dyeing of yarn in the skein and is
intended to more perfectly and rapidly accomplish the process, and to subject all
portions of the yarn of each skein to equal contact with the dye solution, so that a
regular dye or color is obtained.
In carrying out my invention I employ a series of skein supporting sticks, which
by means of suitable mechanism are raised and lowered to successively immerse the
yarn in the dye liquor and then expose it to the air. With each successive
reciprocation of the yarn supporting sticks they are rotated so as to move the skein,
in order that no portion of the material may remain in contact with the supporting
stick a greater length of time than other portions and thus be less subjected to the
action of the dye liquor.
The raising and lowering of the yarn supporting sticks may be a uniform
reciprocation, producing a regular dipping of the yarn in the liquor or it may be
automatically controlled, if desired, so that the dipping may be interrupted to keep
the yarn submerged for a longer period of time.
The rotation of the yarn supporting sticks is accomplished by means of a
projection or stop arranged in the path of the stick during its reciprocation. By
making this stop yielding it may be pushed aside, if the stick is unable to rotate by
reason of tangling of the yarn or for any similar cause, thus permitting the stick to
pass without rotating, and thereby preventing breaking of the yarn or injury of the
machine.
My invention also relates to certain novelties in the construction and in the
combination of the parts, which are fully described and claimed hereafter.
In the drawings
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of my improved dyeing apparatus with one half in
section on the line - of Fig. 4;
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same with the yarn supporting sticks &c.
removed, showing a modification of the devices for controlling the reciprocation of
the frame;
the
Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view on the line y-y of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is a plan view of the apparatus ;
Fig. 5 is a perspective view on an enlarged scale of one of the stops for rotating
yarn sticks removed from the machine;
Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the same upon a smaller scale; and
Fig. 7 is a perspective view of one of the yarn supporting sticks.
A is the dye vat, which may be made of any convenient construction and is
preferably rectangular in shape. A is the frame of the apparatus above the vat
consisting of the usual upright and cross pieces.
B, B, are two side frame pieces which may be connected at their ends by rods b³,
r in any other convenient manner, to form a rectangular frame-which is free to
eciprocate above the vat A, being guided by means of guides a between the frame

page_text: B are two side frame pieces adapted to be moved into and out of the vat A,
being connected to the pieces 13 by means of the rods b. These rods are connected
with the frames B by means of nuts and are screw threaded as shown, so that the
lower frames B' may be adjusted to or from the frame piece B.
frame piece B¹ is connected with its corresponding upper frame piece B by means
of two of the rods b, these rods being united at the top by a cross rod ².
Each lower
C are a series of yarn supporting sticks arranged transversely between the upper
frame pieces B, B, having one end journaled in bearings H upon one frame piece B
and the other end journaled in bearings on the opposite frame piece and provided
with star wheels H.
H' are ratchets carried by the sticks C, and h (see Fig. 1) are spring pawls upon
the frame B engaging therewith to prevent backward rotation of the sticks C.
C¹ are a second set of yarn supporting sticks journaled in the frames B₁ B₁ below
the sticks C.
The sticks C are preferably constructed in the manner shown in Fig. 7 i.e.
rectangular in cross section with a round journal end c to fit with the bearing H².
The ratchets H' are provided with a rectangular recess to receive the rectangular
end of the stick C and with a circular collar which is journaled in the bearings upon
the frame piece B.
The frame pieces B, B, are connected by cords B with a drum B carried by a
shaft I in the upper part of the frame A'. B2 B2 are guide rollers for guiding the
cords B3 B3 from one end of the frame pieces B, B, to the drum B*.
The star wheels H are preferably located upon alternately opposite ends of the
sticks C as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, so that the projections of the star wheels of
adjacent sticks will not interfere one with another.
E are yielding stops carried by the frame A' in the path of the projection of the
star wheels H. These pivoted stops E are preferably carried upon frames Dupon
the sides of the machine, and may be raised or lowered by adjusting screws d. By
the adjustment of these frames D the position in which the yarn supporting sticks
are rotated may be varied, thus rotating them when the yarn is more or less
submerged in the liquor or exposed to the air.
The details of the stops E are shown in Figs. 5 and 6. E is an angular piece
adapted for attachment to the frame D. E' is a piece hinged thereto and provided
with feet e' which rest against the piece E preventing a movement of the part E
upon its hinge in one direction while allowing it to move in the other direction.
Thus while the part E is free to swing downwardly upon its hinge, an upward
movement is prevented by the feet el, e', bearing against the fixed part E. Hinged
to the part E is a second part E which bears against the part E' in one direction
while being free in the other direction, so as to be free to move in one direction
only, its freedom of movement being in the opposite direction to that of the part E.
This piece E carries a pin or projection e which is in the path of the projections of
the star wheels H. E' is a spring connecting the movable part El with the frame D,
so as to prevent movement of the part E upon the fixed part E' unless considerable
tension is exerted and to maintain the part E1 and E2 to their normal position after
they have been moved. The tension of this spring may be adjusted in any well
known manner as shown.
The operation of the stop E is as follows:-When the sticks C are raised the
projections of the star wheels H coming in contact with the pine of the stop E
will move the part E' upon its hinge allowing the projections of the star wheels to
pass, but when the star wheel strikes the pin e in descending, it will be rotated
thereby, turning with it the stick C, since the downward movement of the part E2
is prevented by the part E' which is held in position by the spring E³. If for any
reason, however, such as the tangling of the yarn, the stick C is not free to rotate,
the increased tension of the star wheel upon the pin e will overcome the tension
of the spring E3 and push the parts E' and E2 aside, allowing the star wheel to pass
the pin e without a rotation of the stick C. In this manner the breaking of the
yarn is prevented.

page_text: The stop E is thus a compound pivoted stop adapted to rotate the yarn carrying
stick. To indicate to the operator when a stick has failed to rotate, I employ a
bell F carried by the part E which is adapted to be struck by a gong f. By means
of a pin extending through the part E and resting against one of the feet e' the
gong is kept out of operation. It will be seen that whenever the part E' is moved
upon the failure of the stick to rotate, the foot el will be moved from the pin f¹ and
will thus release the gong f
Gare guides upon the sides of the movable frame to prevent the skeins of yarn
upon the sticks coming in contact with the operative mechanism upon the ends of
the sticks.
Carried by the shaft I is a worm wheel i which is operated by a worm j upon the.
shaft J journaled in the upper part of the apparatus.
Journaled loosely upon the shaft J are two beveled gears K and K', between
which is a clutch k. This clutch is keyed upon the shaft J and is operated by a
clutch shifter and lever N so that either of the beveled gears K or K' may be
connected with the shaft J as desired.
M is the driving wheel carried by the shaft M, which by means of a clutch m
may be connected with the train of gear wheels L. Power is transmitted to the
beveled gears K and K from two of the gear wheels L by means of the intermediate
beveled gears L' and L. As these two gear wheels L are geared together it is
apparent that they will rotate in opposite directions, and impart opposite rotations
to the gears K or K', so that the shaft J and its worm will rotate in opposite
directions as the shaft is connected with the gears K or K.
By throwing these gears K and K' into connection the shaft J and by it the
shaft are rotated in alternately opposite directions, thus raising and lowering
the frames B, B, and the yarn supporting sticks.
The clutch is kept in either of its shifted positions by means of a weight n
carried by an arm of the lever N.
To accomplish this alternate connection of the gears K and K, I employ the
mechanism shown in Fig. 1. The lever N by which the clutch is operated is
provided with a crank which is connected with a rod O. This rod O passes
through a sleeve or tubular picce O' carried by the movable frame B. The rod O
is provided with adjustable spring stops o against which the ends of the sleeve or
tubular piece O' strike as it is carried up and down by the frame B, thus removing
the rod successively up and down and shifting the lever N and clutch k.
By adjusting the stop o the amount of each reciprocation of the frame B may be
regulated, the reciprocation being regular.
I prefer to construct the tubular piece O' with a yoke at its upper portion
within which the upper spring stop o is placed. In addition to these spring stops o
I employ a third stop o' located at a high point upon the rod O and adapted to be
struck by the sleeve O' only when the frames B and B are raised entirely out of
the liquor. To use this stop o'the upper spring stop o is loosened upon the rod O
and is carried up and down upon it by the yoke of the sleeve O¹. When the
stop o' is struck it throws the clutch out of gear with both the gears K and K'
entirely disconnecting the shaft J and permitting the frames B and B to remain
at rest.
By means of a lever m' the clutch m may be operated to connect or disconnect
the power shaft M.
P is a counterbalancing weight connected, by the cord P passing over the
guide P, with the drum B*.
In Fig. 2 is shown a modification of the devices for automatically shifting the
clutch, by which the reciprocation is not uniform, the frame B being maintained
longer in one position than in the other.
S and S' are two gear wheels of different diameters mounted in a suitable bracket
of the frame A and carrying trips adapted to strike the adjustable stops T, T,
upon the rod O so as to shift or reciprocate the rod in the manner heretofore set
out. The gears S and S¹ are connected by an intermediate gears and power is

page_text: transmitted to the gear S from a sprocket wheel upon the shaft of one of the
gears L by a chain S, or in any other convenient manner. Since the wheels S
and S which carry the trips are of different diameters, and are driven together it
is apparent that the intervals between the operation of the trip of larger diameter
will be longer, than those between the operation trip of sinaller diameter, and thus
the frame B will remain longer in one position than in the other. With the
mechanism shown in Fig. 2 the frame will remain in a lower position for a longer
interval of time than in the raised position thus interrupting the dipping operation
and allowing the yarn to remain for a longer time to the liquor.
While I prefer the mere details of construction which have been here shown it is
apparent that they may be varied without departing from the principles of my
invention and I do not limit myself to them.
The operation of the apparatus is as follows:-
The skeins of yarn are supported upon the upper and lower set of yarn supporting
sticks C, C, being stretched between the two as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1.
As heretofore stated the frame 13 B' carrying the sticks C may be adjusted to or
from the frames B, B, to suit the size of the skeins to be treated.
As
Upon operating the clutch shifter m the apparatus will be put into operation.
Considering the frames as raised in the operation of dipping and the gear K in
connection with the shaft J, the shaft I and the drum B will be rotated, lowering
the frames B and B and submerging the skeins in the dye liquor in the vat.
the frames descend the projections of the star wheels strike the stops thereby
rotating the sticks C and shifting the yarn. When the frame reaches its lowest
position the lower end of the sleeve O' strikes the stop o at the bottom of the rod O
and lowers the rod throwing the clutch out of connection with the gear K' and
into connection with the gear K. The shaft J will thereupon rotate in the opposite
direction raising the frames B and B.
In ascending the projections of the star wheels H strike the pivoted ends E² of
the stops and push them aside in the manner heretofore set out. Upon rising
again the upper end of the sleeve O strikes the upper stop shifting the clutch k
and reversing the rotation of the shaft J causing the frame B and B to again
descend as before. When the yarn has been sufficiently treated the upper stop o
may be loosened allowing the sleeve O' to strike the stop o'. This will throw the
clutch out of connection with both gears K and K and arrest the frame in its
highest position out of the liquor as shown in Fig. 1.
With the modified mechanism shown in Fig. 2 the operation is similar except
that in lieu of the collar O¹ the rotating trips S and S₁ are employed. Thus when
the frame has been lowered it will remain in that position until the trip S strikes
the stop T and shifts the rod O and through it the clutch k. In a similar manner
when the frame has been raised it will remain raised until the trip S₁ operates the
stop T, and since the trip S¹ operates with greater rapidity than the trip S it is
apparent that the frame will remain in its lowest position for a greater interval of
time than in its highest. If desired the frame may be reciprocated in inclined.
guides so as to pass through the dye liquor and atmosphere in a slanting
direction.
+
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. In a yarn dyeing machine the combination of a dye vat, a vertically
reciprocating frame, a series of rotatable yarn supporting sticks carried thereby
and provided with projections, and a stop arranged in the path of the projections of
said sticks adapted to strike them to cause said sticks to rotate.
2nd. In a yarn dyeing machine the combination of a dye vat, a vertically
reciprocating frame, a series of rotatable yarn supporting sticks carried thereby
and provided with projections, a yielding stop arranged in the path of the pro-
jections of said sticks. adapted to strike them to cause said sticks to rotate but to be

page_text: pushed aside and permit said projections to pass when the sticks are not free to
rotate.
3rd. In a yarn dyeing machine the combination of a dye vat, a vertically
reciprocating frame, a series of rotatable yarn supporting sticks carried thereby
and provided with projections, a stop arranged in the path of the projections of
said sticks adapted to strike them to cause said sticks to rotate, and provided with
a pivoted end movable in one direction only.
4th. In a dyeing machine the combination with a dye vat, of a series of movable
yarn supporting sticks having projections, and a stop arranged in the path of the
projections of said sticks, consisting of a fixed part, a movable part carried thereby
and formed with a stop to limit its movement in one direction only, and a third
part pivoted to. said movable part and also provided with a stop to limit its move-
ment in one direction only, the direction of movement of said movable parts being
relatively opposite.
5th. The combination in a dyeing machine of a dye vat, a series of movable
yarn supporting sticks provided with projections, and a stop E arranged in the
path of said projections consisting of the fixed part E, the intermediate part E¹
pivoted thereto and provided with feet el bearing against the part E¹ to prevent
movement of the part E' in one direction, the part E2 pivoted to the part E' and
having a stop to prevent its movement in the direction of the movement of the
part E, and the spring E³ carried by the part E' to normally prevent the move-
ment thereof.
6th. In a yarn dyeing machine the combination with a dye vat, of a series of
rotatable yarn supporting sticks, provided with projections, means to move said
yarn supporting sticks into and out of the dye vat, a stop arranged in the path of
the projections of said sticks to cause the sticks to rotate, and an adjustable support
carrying said stop whereby its position may be adjusted relatively to the vat.
7th. The combination in a dyeing machine of a vat, a vertically movable frame,
a series of yarn supporting sticks carried thereby, a power shaft, connections
between said power shaft and frame to raise and lower the frame, oppositely
rotating power devices, a clutch to connect said shaft with said power device
successively, and a trip carried by the frame to shift said clutch successively as the
fraine is raised and lowered.
8th. In a dycing machine the combination of a vat, a reciprocating frame, a
series of yarn supporting sticks carried thereby, a power shaft, connections between
the power shaft and reciprocating frame, oppositely rotating power devices, a clutch
and clutch shifter to connect said power devices, with the shaft successively, au
extension or rod connected with said clutch shifter provided with stops and a trip
carried by the frame adapted to strike said stops when the frame is raised and
lowered to operate the clutch shifter and clutch.
9th. In a yarn dyeing machine the combination with a vat, of a rotatable yarn
supporting stick, means to reciprocate said sticks vertically to dip the yarn in the
liquor, said sticks being provided with a projection, a projection arranged in
the path of said projection of the yarn stick adapted to rotate said stick, one of
said projections being yielding, and the other fixed whereby the yielding projection
may be pushed aside by the fixed projection when undue tension is exerted
upon it.
Dated this Ninth day of Nov AD 1901
CHARLES LEOPOLD KLAUDER.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.