Improvements in Type-writers.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Sept., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 5th June, 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 3rd Aug., 1888
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Type-writers.
We, HENRY DOBSON, Doctor of Medicine, and ARTHUR ERNEST WYNN both of
Craiglands Ilkley in the County of York do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object improvements in type-writers.
In the improved type-writer a carriage is provided which, when in use, is placed
upon the sheet of paper to be printed, the paper then lying upon a table or other
surface. The carriage is so constructed that when pushed by the hand it will travel
in a straight line across the sheet of paper; and for this purpose it is provided with
broad wheels or rollers at either end.
These rollers or one of them should be covered with vulcanized india rubber. Upon
one of the rollers ratchet teeth are provided and also a pawl upon the carriage to drop
into the teeth. The ratchet and pawl aid the operator in moving the carriage forward
step by step. Upon the carriage a disc is mounted and the edge of the disc is coned
or inclined. The type are fixed around the inclined edge so that in form the type
disc somewhat resembles a bevelled toothed wheel, the teeth representing the type.
The periphery of the disc also is notched and the notches correspond in number to
the type.
To receive this type disc an axis is provided upon the carriage; the axis is mounted
with pivots which allow it to rock in a vertical plane to and fro in the direction in
which the carriage travels. A spring is provided which normally holds the axis in a
vertical or nearly vertical position. On the upper surface of the disc a central handle
is provided, and the axis passes up into this handle.
In the use of the apparatus the type disc is turned by means of the handle to bring
the required type on its underside into position to be impressed upon the paper, and

page_text: whilst the wheel is being so turned it revolves in contact with a roller, which inks the
type. This roller is held up to the type disc by a light spring. When the typo disc
has been brought into position the printing is effected by tilting the type disc so as
to bring the selected type on one side of it into contact with the paper. The rocking
of the axis permits this movement to take place. Accuracy of position at the time of
printing is insured by an inclined projection or tooth upon the carriage which enters
one or other of the notches in the periphery of the typo disc. After a letter has been
printed the carriage is moved forward a step and then another type is similarly
brought into position and impressed upon the paper, and so on. When a line across
the paper has been printed the carriage is lifted by hand and started again in position
to commence another line.
11.
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1.
1007
CARPMAET & Co.,
Agents for the Applicants.
We, HENRY DOBSON, Doctor of Medicine, and ARTHUR ERNEST WYNN, both of
Craiglands, Ilkley, Yorkshire, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention has reference to type writers, and the object of our improvements is
to construct and arrange a simple, cheap, and effective form of machine.
In our improved type writer a carriage is provided, which, when in use, is placed
upon the sheet of paper, cotton, linen, or other substance to be printed, the paper or
other substance then lying upon a table or other surface. The machine is so con-
structed that when pushed by the hand it will travel in a straight line across the
sheet of paper or other substance, and for this purpose it is provided with broad
wheels or rollers at both ends.
These rollers, or one of them, is preferably covered with vulcanized india-rubber,
and upon one of the rollers, ratchet teeth are provided and a pawl is attached to the
carriage to drop into the teeth. The ratchet and pawl aid the operator in moving
the carriage forward step by step for a specific measured distance over the paper.
A disc is mounted upon the carriage, and the edge of the said disc is bevelled or
inclined. The type are fixed around the bevelled edge of the disc, the periphery of
which is notched, such notches corresponding to the number of the type.

page_text: The type disc is placed upon a vertical axis or peg which is mounted upon studs or
pivots which allow such vertical axis to rock in a vertical plane to and fro in the
direction in which the carriage travels. A spring is provided which normally holds
the axis in a vertical or nearly vertical position. On the upper surface of the disc a
central handle is provided, and the axis passes up into this handle.
In the use of the apparatus the type disc is turned by means of the handle to bring
the required type on its underside into position to be impressed upon the paper, and
whilst the wheel is being so turned it revolves in contact with a roller, which inks
the type, which roller may be held up to the type disc by a light spring. When the
type disc has been brought into position, the printing is effected by lifting the type
disc so as to bring the selected type on one side of it into contact with the paper.
The rocking of the axis permits this movement to take place. Accuracy of position
at the time of printing is insured by an inclined projection or tooth upon the
carriage, which enters one or other of the notches in the periphery of the type disc.
After a letter is printed the carriage is moved forward a step and then another type
is similarly brought into position and impressed upon the paper, and so on.
When a line across the paper or other substance has been printed, the machine is
lifted by hand and started again in position to commence another line.
Such being the nature and object of our invention, we will now proceed to describe
the same more fully, and for that purpose make reference to the accompanying
sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof, wherein Fig. 1 is a plan view of a type writer
constructed and arranged according to our invention, and Fig. 2 is side view of same.
Letter a indicates the carriage of the machine, supported on the pivots of the two
rollers 6 and c. On the bottom of the carriage we place two small upright brackets d
and e for the purpose of receiving the horizontal pin or axis f, upon which axis is
also mounted a bracket g capable of oscillating or rocking upon the said axis. The
type disc, which is shewn at h, is composed of thin metal or other suitable material,
having its outer edge bevelled as indicated in the Drawings. The object of our
having the disc inclined or bevelled at its outer edge, is to enable such inclined edge
to become parallel with the paper, or the table upon which the machine is working, as
clearly indicated in Figure 3, which is a detail of the machine with some of the parts
removed. The disc is provided with type i on its underside, as the several illustrations
shew, whilst the outer edge or periphery of such disc is serrated, or made with notches
corresponding in number to the number of letters and figures of which the type is
composed, such notches being employed to ensure that such letters follow one another
in a straight line; and is the vertical pin which enters the notch as the operator
selects his letters, whereby all the letters or figures are kept lineable.
A central vertical pin shewn in dotted lines projects up above the oscillating
bracket 9, which pin enters into the knob or handle land is used by the operator for
turning the disc around, and also enables him to tilt the disc sideways, which takes
place every time a letter is printed upon the paper. A square or other form of hole
is shown at m in dotted lines in plan view, which hole is made in a plate at the
bottom of the carriage, and it is employed for the purpose of allowing one of the type
letters to pass through when marking a letter upon the paper, by which means it is
impossible to mark more than one letter at a time.
n,
An inking roller for supplying ink to the type is shewn at
which works upon a
horizontal pivot attached to light framework p, and if requisite a suitable form
of spring may be employed to keep the inking roller in contact with the type.
In order to determine the distance between each letter or figure, we fix a ratchet
wheel r at one end of the roller band into this ratchet wheel drops one end of a pawl
or levers, so that as the carriage is caused to travel in the direction of the arrow, the
pawls will take into the teeth, and not only determine the distance between the
letters or figures printed, but prevent the carriage from returning.
In order to determine or fix the distance between one line of writing and another
line, we form a notch in the plate at the bottom of the carriage, (see plan Fig. 1)
and when one line is completed, the machine is removed to the left hand of the paper

page_text: and placed in such a position that the line last written appears through the notch &,
whereby equidistance between the lines is accurately determined.
For the purpose of making the rollers adhere to the paper, the roller c may be
covered with india rubber or other suitable material, and also the roller 6 if thought
desirable.
The type may be fixed to the inclined edge of the disc by cement or other suitable
material, or the type may be fixed as shewn at t in Fig. 4, or it may be fixed as
shewn at u in Fig. 5, in which case there are two discs, the bevelled edge of the
lower disc being recessed to receive the foundation of the type, as the drawing
indicates, the upper plate being employed to keep the type in position.
The modus operandi is as follows:-The operator, after selecting his letter and
placing it opposite the pin j, tilts the disc as shewn in Fig. 3, causing the pin ; to
enter the notch opposite the selected letter, which, on being pressed down, will mark
the letter upon the paper. The disc is then elevated by the operator, or by the
action of an indiarubber spring as shewn at w, and another letter selected and pressed
as before, and so on, one after another, with great rapidity; whereby a cheap, bandy,
type writer is constructed, occupying very little room, and being easy to operate.
From the description herein given it will be observed that the machine travels
bodily along the paper as the writing proceeds, and this is a peculiarity not to be
found in other type writing machines.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and shewn how the same may be performed and carried into practice, we would
have it understood that we do not confine ourselves to the particular details shewn
and described, as some of them may be modified without departing from the essential
features of the invention, but what we claim is :-
Firstly. The construction of a type writing machine substantially as herein shown
and described, where the complete machine and type travel bodily along the paper, or
other material, as the writing proceeds.
Secondly. A type disc with its outer edge bevelled for purposes substantially as
herein shewn and described.
Thirdly. A bevelled type disc as shewn and described having its periphery notched
or serrated for the reception of a pin such as j for the purpose of ensuring each letter or
figure being marked upon the paper in a straight line, substantially as shewn and
described.
Fourthly. In a type writing machine, the employment of a disc arranged to
oscillate upon a pivot or other centre for purposes and in manner substantially as
heroin shewn and described.
Fifthly. The employment of a bevel type disc working in combination with an
inking roller in manner substantially as shewn.
Dated this ith day of TuAD 1000
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Halifax, Agents.