IMPROVEMENTS IN 'APPARATUS FOR FILLING BOTTLES AND OTHER VESSELS WITH AERATED AND OTHER HOLY SHEVIL DRE 'LIQUIDS, AND FOR DRAWING OFF THE SAME
Year: 1875

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PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Emma Jane Thom at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents; with her Petition, on
the 7th July 1875.¸*:
11
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I, EMMA JANE THOм, of Pendleton, in the County of Lancaster, d
.do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
'APPARATUS FOR FILLING BOTTLES AND OTHER VESSELS WITH AERATED AND OTHER
HOLY SHEVIL DRE
'LIQUIDS, AND FOR DRAWING OFF THE SAME," to be as follows:-
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The apparatus consists of a cap; which is screwed on to the top of the
bottle or other vessel, either by means of the ordinary half rings, fitting
on the neck of the bottle or other vessel,' or by a screw thread moulded
or cut in the glass or other material of which the bottle or other vessel

page_text: is formed, or instead of screws to form the joint a bayonet joint with one
or more slots and projections may be used, the slots being made in the
neck of the vessel and the projections in the cap, or vice versa. Within
this cap is a hollow taper plug, which is turned partly round by a milled
rim or other equivalent fixed to the plug to cover or uncover the discharge
orifice. The upper end of the syphon tube, which reaches down to near
the bottom of the vessel, fits into the plug or into the casing of the plug,
and is made air-tight by means of an india-rubber ring, and a washer of
india-rubber fitting on the syphon tube, as usual, forms an air-tight
joint between the cap and the neck of the bottle or other vessel.
The apparatus may be vertical, horizontal, or diagonal. In filling the
vessel when provided with a vertical apparatus the hole passes through
the entire length of the plug, and the upper end is closed by a cover.
When this cover is removed the aërated or other liquid is forced through
the hollow plug and through the syphon pipe until the vessel is filled.
In filling vessels provided with horizontal or diagonal apparatus the
hollow plug must have two side orifices placed in line with an opening
in the top of tho cap, which opening is also provided with a cover.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Emma Jane Thom in the Great Seal Patent Office:
on the 7th January 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EMMA
JANE THOM, of Pendleton, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
givo and grant unto me, the said Emma Jane Thom, Her special licence,
that I, the said Emma Jane Thom, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Emma Jane Thom, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time, and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ircland, the

page_text: Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR FILLING BOTTLES AND OTHER VESSELS WITH AERATED AND
OTHER LIQUIDS, AND FOR DRAWING OFF THE SAME," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Emma Jane Thom, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Emma Jane Thom, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
The apparatus consists of a metal cap capable of being attached to the
neck of a bottle or other vessel by means of the ordinary segmental
screwed rings fitting on the neck of the bottle or in any other known
manner. Withis this cap or in a boss rising from it is a taper plug formed
with suitable ports or passages arranged to communicate with the usual
syphon tube, descending to the bottom of the bottle or vessel, and with
the discharge pipe or bib, as such taper plug is turned into position by
a milled rim or other equivalent means for turning, and when such plug
is turned into another position shall establish a communication between
the syphon tube before mentioned, and an opening in another part of
the screwed cap or in the boss rising from it for the purpose of filling
the bottle or vessel, this latter opening being closed by a screwed plug
when the bottle is full.
or cap
Instead of the plug tap I sometimes employ a double valve mounted
in the boss herein-before mentioned, the spindle of which passes upwards
to the outside, such valve being pressed to its seating by the pressure of
the aerated liquid, and opened by pressure exerted upon the exposed
extremity of the spindle.
On the accompanying Sheet of Drawings I illustrate the manner of
carrying out my Invention, with the plug of the tap in either a hori-
3 zontal or vertical position, and also another modification shewing how a

page_text: Fig. 1 is an exterior view; Figs. 2 and 3, vertical sections; and Fig. 4,
a sectional plan shewing the plug A placed in a horizontal position in
the boss or body B rising from the cap B', and which plug is capable of
being turned by the milled rim C. The cap B' is secured to the neck of
the bottle or other vessel by the usual segmental screw B³ fitting round
the neck B³ of the bottle, a ring of india-rubber B being interposed
between the cap and the neck to make the joint, or the cap may be
secured to the bottle by forming a screw thread on the neck, or instead
of a screw thread a bayonet joint with one or more slots and projections
may be used, the slots being made in the neck of the vessel, or vice
versa. Through the body B a vertical passage D is formed, the upper
end being ordinarily closed by the screwed plug E, the lower end
receiving the syphon tube F, or the syphon tube may be connected to
the usual metallic socket resting upon the india-rubber joint ring B' in
the ordinary manner. A side passage G is also formed through the
body B, which opens into the discharge pipe or bib H. Corresponding
passages d and 9 are likewise formed through the plug A, the whole it
will be observed constituting a two-way tap.
When the plug A is in the position illustrated in Fig. 2 the outlet
through the bib H is closed, and the plug is in the correct position for
filling the bottle or vessel. This operation is performed by taking out
the screwed plug E, and allowing the aerated or other liquid to be forced
through the plug and syphon tube F until the bottle is full, when the
plug A is first turned a quarter turn, and then the outlet from the
passage D once more closed by screwing in the plug E, or instead of
having a screwed plug E a cap E¹ may be screwed on the filling orifice,
as seen in side section in Fig. 5, or such orifice may be fitted with
a valve opening inwards, and pressed to its seating by the aerated liquid.
In order to draw off by the bib H. the plug is turned a quarter of a
revolution in the direction of the arrow seen in Fig. 2.
In Figs. 7, 8, and 9, which severally illustrate an exterior view, a
vertical section, and a sectional plan of another modification of my
Invention, I shew the plug A arranged vertically in the cap B', and
which plug is provided with passages similar to those described in the
last modification, and also with a vertical passage I connecting such
passages with the syphon tube F, which in this case may be secured, as
illustrated, direct in the plug A. The inlet for charging the bottle or
other vessel is seen at J, and is closed with a screwed plug K or valve,

page_text: as in the last modification, whilst the plug A is actuated by a Ţ or
double lever handle L.
Although I have only illustrated my Invention with the plug in a
vertical and horizontal position, I do not confine myself to those
positions, as the plug may be mounted diagonally, or at any other
desired angle.
17:
Fig. 10 represents a sectional view, and Fig. 11 an exterior view of a
'metallic cap capable of being attached to the neck of a bottle or other
vessel containing aerated or other liquids under pressure, which differs
from the caps herein-before described in being fitted with a double valve
as a substitute for the taper plug. A is a valve spindle, which is
preferred to be constructed with a pair of conical valves, as illustrated,
one marked B being smaller than the other marked C, in order to
facilitate its introduction to its seating B' through the seating C of the
larger valve. These valves are thus partially, equilibrated. The lower
j
part of the spindle A is hollow, and communicates through a side
passage D with the space E between the two valves, and thus allows
the pressure inside the bottle to be fully exerted upon the back of the
small valve, and so to maintain both valves upon their scatings. F is a
knob passing through to the outside, and arranged with a valve
surface Fon its under side, which as such knob is depressed by the
hand closes against a corresponding seating F formed in the upper part.
of the cap whilst the liquid is being drawn off by the spout G through
the now open valves. H is a spiral spring, which serves to keep the
valves pressed against their seatings when the pressure is removed, and
to give such valves a constant tendency to rise to their seatings.
using this modification of my Invention I propose to fill the bottles or
other vessels through the spout, as at present practised.
In
These caps and two-way taps and double valves may be partially or
entirely formed of the usual white metal, or of any other suitable metal
or material; for instance, the taps or valves may be made of adamas,
as described in the Specification of Letters Patent, No. 713, granted to
Sigismond Leoni on the 21st day of March 1859, the taps or valves in
this case being made separate from the cap, which I still prefer to make
of metal.

page_text: acquainted for carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be
understood that I claim, the use and application of a two-way tap or
double valve in combination with the ordinary screwed cap, or with a
cap secured to the neck of the bottle or other vessel, as herein-before
described, and especially when arranged with a separate filling orifice
closed by a screwed plug or cap or valve, as and for the purposes herein-
before described and illustrated on the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Emma Jane Thom, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
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