AN IMPROVEMENT IN EXTRACTING OIL AND GREASE FROM WOOL PREVIOUS TO ITS BEING MANUFACTURED INTO YARN OR FABRICS, AND ALSO WHEN IN THE STATE OF YARN OR FABRICS, AND IN SCOURING OR CLEANSING SUCH WOOL, YARN, AND FABRICS
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Lee Norton, of Bow, in the County of
Middlesex, and Edwin Wilkinson, of Leeds, in the County of York, for
the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN EXTRACTING OIL AND GREASE FROM
WOOL PREVIOUS TO ITS BEING MANUFACTURED INTO YARN OR FABRICS, AND
ALSO WHEN IN THE STATE OF YARN OR FABRICS, AND IN SCOURING OR CLEANSING
SUCH WOOL, YARN, AND FABRICS."
Sealed the 16th April 1858, and dated the 31st October 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Lee Norton and
Edwin Wilkinson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 31st October 1857.
We, JAMES LEE NORTON, of Bow, in the County of Middlesex, and EDWIN
WILKINSON, of Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of
the Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN EXTRACTING OIL AND GREASE FROM
WOOL PREVIOUS TO ITS BEING MANUFACTURED INTO YARN OR FABRICS, AND ALSO
WHEN IN THE STATE OF YARN OR FABRICS, AND IN SCOURING OR CLEANSING SUCH
WOOL, YARN, AND FABRICS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object an improvement in extracting oil and
grease from wool previous to its being: manufactured into yarn or fabrics, and
also when in the state of yarn or fabrics, and in scouring or .cleansing such
wool, yarn, and fabrics. For this purpose the wool, yarn, or fabrics are

page_text: placed in a cylinder or chamber with openings formed therein, so as to allow
the oil, grease, or other liquid to pass therefrom when subjected to pressure.
A stream of hot water or steam is then introduced into the cylinder or
chamber and allowed to pass out at the bottom, through a tap or taps until
the wool, yarn, or fabrics become heated to such a temperature that when
subjected to pressure the water and the oil will flow freely from the cylinder or
chamber in which the wool, yarn, or fabrics are contained, or the same wool,
yarn, or fabrics may be heated by other means.
The cylinder or chamber is by preference fixed on wheels and runs on a
tramway, and is placed upon the ram of an hydraulic press and subjected to
great pressure.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Lee Norton and Edwin Wilkinson in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 27th April 1858.
1
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
LEE NORTON, of Bow, in the County of Middlesex, and EDWIN WILKINSON, of
Leeds, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said James Lee Norton and Edwin Wilkinson, Her special licence that
we, the said James Lee Norton and Edwin Wilkinson, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said James Lee Norton
and Edwin Wilkinson, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no 'others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend;. within: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVE-
MENT IN EXTRACTING OIL AND GREASE FROM WOOL PREVIOUS TO ITS BEING MANU-
FACTURED INTO. YARN OR FABRICS; AND ALSO WHEN IN THE STATE OF YARN OR
FABRICS, AND IN SCOURING OR CLEANSING SUCH, WOOL, YARN, AND FABRICS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that, we, the said James Lee Norton and
Edwin Wilkinson, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our or their hands and seals, or under, the hand and seal of one
of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the

page_text: -
said Invention; and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent....
NOW KNOW YE, that I; the said James Lee Norton, on behalf of myself
and the said Edwin Wilkinson; do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is
to say:
This Invention has for its object an: improvement in extracting oil and
grease from wool previous to its being manufactured into yarn or fabrics, and
also when in the state of yarn or fabrics, and in scouring or cleansing:such
wool, yarn, and fabrics. For this purpose the woól, yarn, ór fabrics are placed
in a cylinder or chamber with openings formed therein; so as to allow the oil,
grease, or other liquid! to pass therefrom when subjected to pressure.: A
stream of hot water or steam is then introduced into the cylinder or chamber
and allowed to pass out at the bottom through a tap or taps until the wool,
yarn, or fabrics become heated to such a température that when subjected to
pressure the water and the oil will flow freely from the cylinder or chamber in
which the wool, yarn, or fabrics are contained, or the same wool, yarn, or
fabrics may be heated by other means.
The cylinder or chamber is by preference fixed on wheels and runs on a
tramway, and is placed upon the ram of an hydraulic press and subjected to
great pressure.After the oil or grease is pressed or extracted from the wool,
yarn, or fabrics, if it be found the same is not sufficiently cleansed fresh hot
water, steam, or scouring liquor is toebe introduced into the chamber' or
cylinder, and the wool, yarn, or fabrics again subjected to pressure to more
thoroughly cleanse or scour the same
Having thus stated the nature of our said-Invention, we will proceed more
fully to describe the manner, of performing the same.
The form and arrangement of the apparatus used may be varied; and to such
machinery we make no claim, as like machinery has been used for extract-
ing oil and grease from the waste fibrous matters obtained in woollen, cotton,
and worsted manufactures, and when such like matters have been more or less
saturated with oil or grease by being used for cleansing oiled parts of machinery.
In extracting the oil or fatty matter from wool as it comes from the animal,
the wool is introduced into a suitable cylinder or other form of vessel per-
forated on all sides, and having a perforated false bottom and also a perforated.
plunger or piston, such perforated vessel being surrounded by an external.
vessel or jacket suitable for receiving and holding hot water therein, and means

page_text: .
of drawing off such hot water, and also oil or greasy matters expressed from
the wool introduced into such perforated vessels. The wool as it comes from
the animal is introduced into the perforated vessel between the false or per-
forated bottom and the perforated plunger or piston, and a quantity of hot
water run thereon into the vessel. The wool is then to be subjected to
hydraulic pressure, so as to express not only the water but the oil or fatty
matter also through the perforations in the cylinder or vessel and through the
perforations in the false bottom and plunger. The oil or grease may be
extracted by simple hydraulic pressure, the apparatus and the wool being
kept heated so that the greasy matters or oil be kept fluid; or the hot
water may be applied to the wool before introducing the same into the
perforated vessel. When the oil or grease has been extracted the pressure
on the wool is to be relieved and scouring fluids applied in like manner to
what has been mentioned in respect to hot water, and the wool again subjected
to like pressure. When wool has been spun into yarn or worsted and it is
desired to extract the oil therefrom, the yarn or worsted is introduced.into a
like apparatus and treated in like manner to that above described in respect
to wool as it comes from the animal, and such is the case in respect to woven
fabrics...
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, we would have it understood that what we claim is, the
extracting oil as herein described from wool in the state it comes from the
animal; and before it is manufactured into yarn or fabrics; and we also claim
the extracting of oil or grease, as herein described; from wool previously.
manufactured into yarn and into woven fabrics.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Lee Norton, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Witness,
JNO. COOK.
JAMES LEE NORTON. (L.S.)