Year: 1895

page_text: pectation having been amended by the Patentec, with the consent of the
omptroller, the printed Specification will now read as shown below:-
a communication to me from abroad by Auguste Henry Gouts and

page_text: Date of Application, 14th June, 1895-Accepted, 20th July, 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Process for Extracting Volatile Matters, and especially
those of Vegetable Tar.
& Co. of
I REGINALD HADDAN of the Firm of Herbert Haddan
18 Buckingham Street Strand W.C. London Patent Agent, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention a communication to me from abroad by Auguste
Henry Gouts and Edmond Isidore Marc, both of Paris in the Republic of France,
Chemists, and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention consists in a new method of extracting volatile matter whether
mineral, vegetable or animal whatever be the nature of the substances which it
contains without danger of carbonization of said substances while employing
a very high temperature (+ 180° C.) for that purpose. In this process I take
advantage of the properties of salts to retard the boiling point of the water in
which they are dissolved. In order to extract from vegetable tar all its active and
useful substances and eliminate the irritant matter the operation is as follows. Onl
distilling the tar it will produce acetic acid and different alkaloids, then there will
pass over an oil lighter than water containing acetate of methyl acetone, methylic
lcohol, benzine, toluene xylene, and other hydrocarbons.
The heavy oil known under the name of creosote contains phenole, gaiacole, and
methylic creosole. These products distill between +80° C. and 200° C. and this
process enables one to gather all these products dissolved in steam from overheated
and then condensed water in a state of absolute purity.
In the annexed drawings there is represented the distilling apparatus to be used
for the object aimed at.
A is a still heated by naked fire and containing water a in which is dissolved
crystallized chloride of sodium to saturation. Boiling only then takes place at a
temperature of +180° C.; the steam produced passes to another still B, through a
tube C submerged with its end in a solution of vegetable tar and carbonate of
potassium or any other caustic alkali, which latter serves to neutralize the
pyrolignous acid and to saponify the oils contained in the tar the viscosity thereby
being attenuated and liquefaction of the mass obtained.
This still is also heated by the gases from the furnace G. The steam that
arrives as mentioned above through the tube C bubbles through the tarry mass it
emanating through the orifices of the extremity of said tube, which is constructed
in the shape of a circular ring. It thus raises the temperature of the tar sufficiently
to volatilize all active and useful substances even such as gaiacol which although
only distilling at + 200° C. is eliminated by the superheated steam.
The condensation takes place in the ordinary way; the worm should be kept at
as low a temperature as possible. H represents the flue leading to the chimney I,
E the worm through which the products of distillation pass into the vessel F and
from there to the testing vessel f. e is a discharge pipe for bringing the heated
water from around the worm back to the still A, and is regulated by a cock e', fis
a safety tube permitting the water to re-enter the still.
In order to extract matter from non-liquid substances it is sufficient to place
them on a perforated diaphragm d through the holes of which the steam passes,
said movable diaphragm d being placed in the still B, at a suitable distance from
the bottom.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
1. The process of extracting volatile matter from substances especially from
vegetable tar by heat derived from superheated steam without the aid of pressure,
the said steam being produced by raising the boiling point of the water employed
by means of salts (for instance chloride of sodium) dissolved therein.
2. The distilling apparatus as represented in the annexed drawings and herein
described.
R. HADDAN.