IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF 'GOVERNORS' FOR MARINE AND STATIONARY STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Hayhurst, of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OF 'GOVERNORS' FOR MARINE AND STATIONARY STEAM ENGINES."
Sealed the 21st December 1874, and dated the 24th June 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Hayhurst at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 24th June 1874.
I, WILLIAM HAYHURST, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF 'GOVERNORS' FOR MARINE AND STATIONARY STEAM
ENGINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the construction of "governors" for regulating
the speed of marine and stationary steam engines in such a manner as
to dispense with the use of balls or weights, and to enable the governor
to-work with the-same facility in any position,

page_text: The main shaft of the "governor "which is driven from the crank
shaft of the engine in any suitable manner is provided with a central
boss or block, through which is formed a slot in which are pivotted two
S shaped levers. There are also two sliding bosses on the shaft (one on
each side of the central or fixed block), and each of the S shaped levers
has one end connected by a link to one of the sliding bosses, and the
other end similarly connected to the other. Between the central block
and the sliding bosses are placed spiral or other springs which have a
tendency to keep the latter at their furthest distance apart.
To the central block are fixed two rods or arms projecting at right
angles to the axis of the shaft, and having near their outer ends two
sliding blocks, which as the arms revolve rapidly with the shaft have a
tendency to be thrown outwards from the central block by centrifugal
force, which tendency is counterbalanced by coiled or other springs
acting in a contrary direction.
]
The sliding blocks upon the rods or arms are each connected by two
diagonal links or rods with the two sliding bosses on the main axle of
the governor, and hence it will be evident that as the centrifugal force
due to any increased speed of the engine drives the sliding blocks on the
rods or arms outwards the diagonal links will tend to draw the sliding 2
bosses on the main revolving axle nearer to the central block.
The sliding bosses are formed with necks on which are fitted collars,
and to these latter are connected two diagonal thrust rods which arc
jointed at their other ends to the cut-off valve rod or slide; consequently
as the increase or decrease of the centrifugal force acts on the sliding 2
bosses, a corresponding movement is communicated to the cut-off valve
of the steam engine, and thus the speed of the latter is governed and
kept uniform.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Hayhurst in the Great Seal Patent Office 3
on the 24th December 1874.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Hayhurst, Her special license
that I, the said William Hayhurst, my exccutors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said William Hayhurst, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF GOVERNORS' FOR MARINE AND STATIONARY STEAM
ENGINES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Hayhurst, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
inimediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Hayhurst, do hereby,
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to
say) :—
This Invention relates to the construction of "governors" for regulating
the speed of marine and stationary steam engines in such a manner as
to dispense with the use of the ordinary balls or weights, and to enable
the governor to work with the same facility in any position.
Such being the nature and object of my said Invention, I will now
proceed to describe more in detail the manner in which the same is to.
be or may be performed or carried into practical effect, and in order that
the same may be clearly understood I have annexed hereunto a Sheet of
Drawings illustrative thereof, and have marked the same with figures
and letters of reference corresponding with those in the following
explanation thereof.
13:
1
devation of a f

page_text: The main shaft a, a, of the "governor" which is driven from the
crank shaft of the engine in any suitable manner is provided with a
central fixed boss or block b, b, through which is formed a slot in which
are pivotted two S shaped levers c, c. There are also two sliding
bosses d, d, on the shaft (one on each side of the central or fixed block)
and each of the S shaped levers c, c, has one end connected by a link e, e,
to one of the sliding bosses d, d, and the other end similarly connected
by a link f, f, to the other. Between the central block b, b, and the
sliding bosses d, d, are placed spiral or other springs g, g, which have a
tendency to keep the latter at their furthest distance apart.
In the central block b, b, are fixed two rods or arms 7, h, projecting
at right angles to the axis of the shaft a, a, and having near their outer
cnds two sliding blocks or balls i, i, which as the arms h, h, revolve
rapidly with the shaft a, a, have a tendency to be thrown outwards from
the central block b, b, by centrifugal force, which tendency is counter-
balanced by coiled or other springs k, k, acting in a contrary direction.
The sliding blocks or balls i, i, upon the rods or arms h, h, are each
connected by two diagonal links or rods 1, 1, with the two sliding
bosses d, d, on the main axle a, a, of the governor, and hence it will be
evident that as the centrifugal force due to any increased speed of the
engine drives the sliding blocks or balls i, i, on the rods or arms h, h,
outwards the diagonal links 1, 1, will tend to draw the sliding bosses d, d,
on the main revolving axle a, a, nearer to the central block b, b.
The sliding bosses d, d, are formed with necks, on which are fitted
collars m, m, and to these latter arc connected two diagonal thrust
rods n, n, which are jointed at their other ends to the cut-off valve rod
or slide o, o; consequently as the increase or decrease of the centrifugal
force acts on the balls i, i, and sliding bosses d, d, a corresponding
movement is communicated to the cut-off valve of the steam engine,
and thus the speed of the latter is governed and kept uniform.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention,
together with the manner in which the same is to be or may be per-
formed or carried into practical effect, I wish it to be understood that I
claim as my Invention the improved construction of "governor" herein-

page_text: efore described and illustrated by the Drawings annexed, or any mere
mitation or modification thereof, constructed and operating in sub-
tantially the same or a similar manner.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Hayhurst, have hercunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of December, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.
WILLIAM HAYHURST. (L.S.)