Improvements in Locks.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Oct., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 30th Dec., 1891-Accepted, 5th Mar., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Locks.
I, NIELS GEORG SÖRENSEN of 11 Blasicholmstorg Stockholm in the Kingdom
of Sweden, Merchant do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to locks of the kind in which the bolt is movable up and
down and actuated by gravity, a characteristic feature of the said invention being
that the bolting or unbolting of the door from the inside is effected, either by a
lever or a tripper, fastened on the inside of the door and that the bolting from
the outside can be performed by a lever or tripper, mounted on the outside of
the door.
In carrying the said invention into practice I fix to the bolt by means of one or
more screws, a plate which at certain parts is provided with holes of a special
shape. At the side of the bolt are arranged four or other suitable number of
tumblers guided by and movable on pins placed in oblong notches in the tumblers.
The tumblers are provided in front with downwardly projecting pieces parallel or
approximately parallel with the bolt. When the bolt is down the lower ends of
the said projecting pieces are situated immediately above the plate. In order to
raise the bolt and open the lock it is therefore necessary that the tumblers occupy
such a position that each of the said projecting pieces is situated above a corre-
sponding hole in the said plate.
The operation of the lock for bolting the door from the outside is effected by
simply turning the outside lever which acts at its inner end upon all the tumblers
so as to move their downwardly projecting pieces forwards beyond the holes or
slots from which position the said tumblers cannot be brought back or removed by
means of the said outside lever. The bolting or unbolting of the door from the
inside is effected by simply turning the inside lever in the direction required. The
said inside lever and the tumblers are so arranged and constructed in relation to
each other, that when the door is to be unbolted, the said tumblers, on turning the
lever as far as possible in the desired direction, will move into such a position that
all the downwardly projecting pieces will be directly above the corresponding holes
or slots in the plate thus allowing the bolt to be raised. In turning the lever in
the opposite direction the tumblers will be moved out of line with the respective
holes or slots in the plate, thus preventing the bolt from being raised and con-
sequently locking the door. The holes in the plate may be arranged in a zig-zag
manner in plan or in any other suitable manner. The lock may be opened from
the outside by means of a key, the inner pointed end of which, on touching the
edges of the tumblers, will move them into such position that the lock_can be
opened. It is convenient to insert fixed plates between the tumblers in order that
one tumbler may not, when moved, act upon the next one. These plates have also
for their object by means of their elasticity, to maintain the tumblers in their
respective positions.
In the above described lock the plate is fixed at the side of the bolt, but it is
evident that it can also be fixed so that it may be located above the bolt, the
position of the tumblers in this case being changed accordingly.
In lieu of the above mentioned levers it is evidently possible to use trippers
actuating the ends of the tumblers, against edge notches in the said tumblers or
against the edges of holes made in the tumblers in the same manner as described
with reference to the aforesaid levers.
According to a modified form of my invention the bolting from the outside is
effected by turning an upper tripper situated behind the tumblers and which for

page_text: this purpose is provided on its spindle with a button or knob on the outside of the
door. In turning the said tripper all the tumblers with their downwardly projecting
pieces will be pushed forwards beyond the holes or slots from which position the
tumblers cannot be brought back or removed by the said tripper. The bolting or
unbolting of the door from the inside is effected by turning a lower tripper in the
direction required. The said tripper and the tumblers are so arranged and
constructed in relation to each other that when the lock is to be unbolted, on
turning the lower tripper as far as possible in the desired direction, the tumblers
will be arranged in such a position that all the downwardly projecting pieces come
directly above their corresponding holes in the plate thus allowing the bolt to be
raised. In turning the upper tripper in the opposite direction the lock will be
bolted, as in this movement the tumblers will be moved out of line with the holes
or slots in the plate thus preventing the bolt from being raised. The lower tripper
is provided on its spindle with a knob or handle on the inside of the door. An
ordinary key may evidently be used in lieu of the tripper.
In lieu of the taper ended key the lock may evidently be easily adapted for a
common key. This key on being turned actuates the upright projections of the
tumblers, these projections being formed to give the key bit a certain profile. In
order to vary the key-bit still more, a different shape or profile may be given to
the plates between the tumblers.
Dated this 15th day of October 1891.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Locks.
I, NIELS GEORG SORENSEN, of Blaholmstorg 11 Stockholm in the Kingdom
of Sweden, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to locks of the kind in which the bolt is movable up and
down and actuated by gravity, a characteristic feature of the said invention being
that the bolting or unbolting of the door or the like from the inside is effected,
either by a lever or a tripper, fastened on the inside of the door and that the bolting
from the outside can be performed by a lever or tripper, mounted on the outside of
the door, a key being used for opening the lock from the outside.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is a vertical section of the lock and
Figure 2 is a detail of the same.
Figure 3 is a section on the line X-Y of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a section on the line P-Q of Figure 1.
Figures 5, 6 and 7 are sections on the line R-S of Figure 1.
Figure 8 is a detail of the stationary plates placed between the tumblers and
Figures 9-13 represent the lock somewhat modified.
A is the bolt of the lock which is movable up and down and on which is secured
a plate B by means of one or more screws C the said plate being provided with
holes or recesses D of special shape. At the side of the bolt are arranged four or
other suitable number of tumblers E guided by and movable on pins G and H placed
in oblong notches in the tumblers. The drawings show four tumblers, but the
number may of course vary. The said tumblers are provided in front with down-
wardly projecting pieces parallel or approximately parallel with the bolt. When
the bolt is down the lower ends of the said projecting pieces are situated imme
diately above the plate B. In order to raise the bolt and open the lock it is
therefore necessary that the tumblers occupy such a position that each of the said
projecting pieces F is situated above a corresponding hole in the said plate,

page_text: The operation of the lock for bolting the door from the outside is effected by
simply turning the outside lever K which acts at its inner end upon all the tumblers
so as to move their downwardly projecting pieces forwards beyond the holes or
slots D from which position the said tumblers cannot be brought back or removed
by means of the said outside lever. The bolting or unbolting of the door from the
inside is effected by simply turning the inside lever I in the direction required.
The said inside lever I and the tumblers are so arranged and constructed in relation
to each other.that when the door is to be unbolted, the said tumblers on turning
the lever as far as possible into the desired direction, will move into such a position
that all the downwardly projecting pieces F will be directly above the corre-
sponding holes or slots in the plate B thus allowing the bolt to be raised. In turning
the lever in the opposite direction the tumblers will be moved out of line with the
respective holes or slots in the plate, thus preventing the bolt from being raised and
consequently locking the door. Figure 2 shows how the holes in the plate may be
arranged in a zig-zag manner and Figure 6 shows the tumblers in the position they
occupy when the door is unbolted. Figures 1, 4 and 5 show the tumblers in the
position they occupy when the door is bolted. As shown in Figure 7. the lock is
opened from the outside by means of a key U so constructed as to fit the key hole T.
The inner pointed end of the key on touching the edges of the tumblers, will move
them into such position that the lock can be opened. It is convenient to insert
fixed plates Figure 8 between the tumblers in order that one tumbler may not, when
moved act upon the next one. The plates have also for their object by means of
their elasticity, to maintain the tumblers in their respective positions.
In the above described lock the plate B is fixed at the side of the bolt, but it is
evident that it can also be fixed so that it may be located above the bolt, the position
of the tumblers in this case being changed accordingly.
In lieu of the above mentioned levers I and K it is evidently possible to use
trippers actuating the ends of the tumblers against edge notches in the said tumblers
or against the edges of holes made in the tumblers in the same manner as described
with reference to the levers I and K.
In Figure 9 the lock is represented in vertical section, provided with such
trippers. Figure 10 is a horizontal section on the line N-O of Figure 9 and
Figure 11 is an edge view of the lock. Figure 12 represents a modified form of the
plates M as shown in Figure 8.
According to the modified form of my invention the bolting from the outside is
effected by turning an upper tripper K situated behind the tumblers and which for
this purpose is provided on its spindle with a button or knob K on the outside of
the door. In turning the said tripper K' all the tumblers with their downwardly
projecting pieces F will be pushed forwards beyond the holes or slots D, from which
position the tumblers cannot be brought back or removed by the said tripper K¹,
as shown in the Figure 9. The bolting or unbolting of the door from the inside is
effected by turning a lower tripper I' in the direction required. The said tripper I'
and the tumblers are so arranged and constructed in relation to each other that when
the lock is to be unbolted, on turning the lower tripper I' as far as possible in the
desired direction the tumblers will be arranged in such a position that all the down-
wardly projecting pieces F come directly above their corresponding holes in the
plate B thus allowing the bolt to be raised. In turning the tripper I' in the
opposite direction the lock will be bolted as in this movement the tumblers will be
moved out of line with the holes or slots in the plate thus preventing the bolt from
being raised. The tripper I' is provided on its spindle with a knob or handle 1' on
the inside of the door. Figures 13 and 13 represent two alternative shapes of the
holes of the plate B. If desired an ordinary key may evidently be used in lieu of
the tripper K or I¹.
In lieu of the taper ended key U the lock may easily be adapted for a common
key U¹ Fig. 9. This key on being turned actuates the upright projections E' of
the tumblers these projections being formed to give the key-bit a certain profile.
In order to vary the key-bit still more, a different shape or profile may be given to.

page_text: the plates between the tumblers. Figure 11 shows one of the lock handles by
means of which in the manner already well known the bolt is to be raised by
pressing the lever or trigger V' which acts upon the bolt lever V.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is
First. In a lock of the kind in which the bolt is movable up and down and
actuated by gravity the arrangement of tumblers movable in an angular direction
with respect to the bolt and having pieces projecting downwardly from the under-
side and about parallel with the bolt, the lower ends of the said pieces when the
door is unbolted being arranged exactly above a hole or holes in a plate secured to
the said bolt and above the solid part of the said plate where the door is bolted.
Second. A lock in which the plate provided with holes or slots instead of
projecting from the side of the bolt is situated above the same and secured.
thereto.
Third. In a lock of the kind above described the arrangement of a horizontal
lever, located behind the tumblers one end of which lever is accessible from the
outside of the door so that on being turned the said lever with its inner end will
move all the tumblers in towards the bolt and thus prevent the said bolt from being
raised and the door or the like bolted.
Fourth. In a lock of the kind above described the arrangement of a tripper
behind the tumblers which is of such a width that it can simultaneously actuate all
the tumblers the handle spindle of the said lock being accessible from the outside
of the door or the like in order to be able to bolt the same from the outside.
Fiſth. In a lock of the kind above described, the arrangement on the inside of
the door or the like of a horizontal lever one end of which is accessible from the
inside and the other end of which engages with the notches in the tumblers, which
notches in combination with the hole in the edge of the lock are so adapted that
when the lever is turned as far as possible in the desired direction the downwardly
projecting pieces of the tumblers will come directly over the corresponding hole or
holes in the plate secured to the bolt thus enabling the lock to be unbolted, but
when the said lever is turned in the opposite direction, the tumblers are brought
into the bolting position both operations being effected without preventing the
opening of the lock by means of the key from the outside.
Sixth. In a lock of the kind above described tbe arrangement of a tripper located
under the tumblers and engaging into notches in the edges of the tumblers and the
plates between the said tumblers and which on its spindle is provided with a knob
on the inside of the door or the like, the motion of the tripper being determined in
one direction by the plates when the lock will be unbolted and if turned in the
opposite direction by the tumblers when the lock will consequently be bolted.
Dated this 30th day of December 1891.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.