Improved Stove.
Year: 1898

page_text: Improved Stove.
I, ROBERT WINTER, of 42, Burgstrasse, Hanover, Germany, Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The present invention relates to an improved stove with which the combustion
of the fuel is effectuated by hot air, the fire-gases being directly evacuated at the
beginning of the combustion and indirectly afterwards, and the regulating of the
combustion being accomplished by a horizontally turning register for the air-
admission and a vertical register arranged in front of the smoke-pipe, the different
positions of these registers being obtained by operating one sole handle.
This stove is fed with fuel through an opening arranged at the upper lateral
part of the stove. This opening can be hermetically closed, as also two other
doors arranged at the lower part of the stove and serving to light the fire and to
clean the grating and the ash-pit.
The air, necessary for the combustion, enters the stove through a hole made in a
plate placed above the roof of the fire-room, this fire-room being interiorly faced
with kiln-bricks. The air flowing in through this hole, comes into a space above
the fire-room and thence descends through lateral passages along the fire-room. The
air discharges from these lateral descending passages through slits arranged
therein, above and below the grating. The roof of the fire-room and these lateral
passages being very hot, it will be seen that the air passing above the roof and
through these passages is highly heated, before discharging into the hearth and
into the ash-pit below the grating.
If it be necessary, the front-part of the stove is also provided with an air-inlet-
hole, uscharging air in the same afore-mentioned space above the roof of the
fire room.
The admission of the air through these two holes is regulated by a horizontal
register turning on a pivot for the first mentioned air-hole, and by a vertical
register at the front-part of the stove for the last-mentioned air-hole. The two
registers are operated by one sole handle connecting them.
At the beginning of the heating, the fire-gases pass directly from the fire-room
into the smoke-pipe. But the combustion increasing, this smoke pipe can be shut
by a vertical register arranged before it and being moved in connection with the
afore-mentioned registers. The smoke-pipe being closed, the fire-gases pass
through openings, made in the fire-room, into lateral descending channels along
the afore mentioned air-passages, leading these gases below the ash-pit, whence
they ascend through other channels arranged at the rear part of the stove and dis-
charging into the smoke-pipe behind the said vertical register. This register carries
a rack, meshing with the toothing, with which the afore-mentioned horizontal
register for air-admission is provided, thus allowing to operate these registers all
together by one sole handle, the different positions of these registers corresponding
with each other, that is, for instance, if we shut the air-holes of the stove, to
decrease the intensity of the combustion, the smoke-pipe will at the same time
be shut and the gases, instead of passing directly through the said smoke-pipe,

page_text: pass into the afore-mentioned lateral channels, whence they are discharged into
the smoke-pipe.
In order to burn the gases, circulating in the afore-mentioned channels at the
beginning of the combustion the fire-room has small slits above the grating, con-
necting with these channels and through which penetrate the flames to burn the
particles of fuel which still remain in these channels.
Dated this 20th day of April 1898.
L. DUVINAGE,
Patent Agent, S, Rue des Princes, Brussels, Belgium.
I, ROBERT WINTER, of 42, Burgstrasse, Hanover, in the Empire of Germany,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:
This invention relates to improvements in stoves and consists in the features
of construction and arrangement of parts fully described hereinafter.
And in order that this my invention may be the more readily understood and
carried into practical effect, reference is hereby made to the accompanying draw-
ings in which:-
Figure 1 shows a vertical sectional view of the improved stove, the section being
on lines A A of Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5.
Figure 2 shows a vertical sectional view of the same the section being on
line E E of Figures 3 and 4.
Figure 3 is a horizontal section on line B-B of Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a horizontal section on line C-C of Figure 2.
Figure 5 is a horizontal section on line D-D of Figure 2.
Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9 are detail views hereinafter referred to.
In the drawings like letters refer to like parts throughout all the figures.
The improved stove is characterised by the fact that it is fed with heated air,
and also with direct draught on igniting, and later on with indirect draught, and
by the fact that the different degrees of combustion are regulated by a horizontally
rotating damper and a vertical damper arranged in front of the smoke pipe, the
different positions of said dampers being obtained by means of one and the same
handle only. The basin F which is coated with refractory bricks provided with
grooves is charged through the upper door F, (Fig. 2), whilst the doors G and H
serve for the first ignition of the stove, and for cleaning of the grate and the
ash-pan. The air necessary for combustion enters above the cover plate a through
the orifice formed in the latter. into the space which is situated in front, between
and the plate e, and thence through the lateral front passages and (Fig. 4
and 5) and the slits 7 and (Fig. 3) and m m¹ (Fig. 2) provided above and below
the grate R in the fireplace and the ash-pan. As the plate c and the passages
and are very hot, the air becomes highly heated in i and kk. The front wall
of the stove is provided if desired at its upper part with an orifice h opening into i
for the purpose of increasing the volume of air passing into i. For the different
degrees of combustion the amount of air entering the stove must be regulated.
This is effected at the orifice b by means of a damper e that is adapted to rotate
on the pin d. and at the orifice h by means of the damper g which is arranged
in front of the latter and which is fixed to the handle f of
darrer in any suitable way, (see Figures 2, 4 and 5). Figure 5
shows e in the middle position during which the combustion is at
C.
the

page_text: the medium stage. On turning the handle f towards the right hand, the cross
sectional areas of the passages that are free to allow of the passage of the air
into b and h are increased, and on turning the handle to the left the same sections
are diminished, and the four stages of combustion for the four positions of e are
indicated by numerals 1, 2, 3, 4 in Figure 5, the handle f serving as the index.
As above stated, on lighting, the stove should work with direct
draught and then with indirect draught. In the former case the
products of combustion pass through the basin F and directly through
the orifice o into the smoke pipe o, whilst in the second case they enter through
the aperture so and s" (Fig. 1 & 2) and the lateral passages s and s (Fig. 1) in
the lower part in the lower air pipe t, whence they rise through the rear lateral
passages Z and Z into the chamber n, and pass from the latter into the smoke
pipe o. For the purpose of avoiding the escape of the products of combustion
later on through the aperture o°. a vertical damper is arranged in front of
the latter. The positions of this damper for the different degrees of combustion,
are shown in Figure 9 where they are represented by the numerals 1, 2, 3 and 4,
which correspond to the positions of the rotary register that are shown in Figure 5
and that are also indicated by the numerals 1, 2, 3 and 4. When the damper
is situated with its left hand edge at 4. the aperture o° as well as band h are
fully open; the greatest quantity of air enters below and above the grate into
the stove, and the products of combustion pass from the basin F directly
through o into the smoke pipe o. When the handle f is brought from the posi-
tion 4 into the position 3, the right hand edge of will close the aperture o°, and
the free passages at band will also be diminished. Combustion then still continues
with direct draught, and the intensity of the fire will diminish in proportion as
the apertures 6 and h are closed by turning the sector e and the damper g. In
the cover plate a there is formed a second aperture 1 which opens into the
space n bounded by ribs. So long as the sector e covers this aperture 6¹ (see
Fig. 5) the air cannot enter through the latter into ». but as soon as the sector
moves beyond the middle position 2, ¹ is uncovered to a gradually increasing
extent and the air enters in the same proportion through into the space n
where it mixes with the products of combustion coming from the lateral
passages Z and 7. When the sector e and the dampers and p occupy their
extreme position 1, the air necessary for the slowest combustion enters only in
a very small quantity into the stove, but the greatest quantity of cold air enters
into the space n whence it passes with the products of combustion that are
present therein in very small quantities into the smoke pipe o.
For the purpose
of separating the unburnt portions of the products of combustion which circulate
in the flues s¹, s, and Z, Z, with indirect draught and for the purpose of effecting
this operation as far as possible without smoke, there are arranged above the
rate R slits and g¹, through which the flame enters from the grate into the
passages and consumes the particles of carbon which are still present therein.
The walls of the passages s. s¹. and Z. Z', form with the other walls of the stove,
the air passages r and r¹ which extend upward and in which the air coming from
the bottom rises and is heated, whilst however cooling at the same time the
walls with which it comes in contact. As the dampers e and p. as will be seen
from the foregoing, are to be moved simultaneously, each of them is provided
as shown in Figures 2 and 5, with teeth by the engagement of which receives
the necessary movement from c. This object may also be effected by the arrange-
ment shown in Figure 8 in which the damper is provided with a pin p°, that
is situated in a slot e¹ of the sector e, and in which on turning e in the desired
way, is moved at the same time. The herein described manner for regulating
the combustion in a stove with direct and indirect draught may also be employed
in a stove which works only with direct draught. For this purpose it is only
necessary to omit in the stove shown, the draught passages ss and Z Z', and
also t, and to replace the full damper p (Figure 6) by a perforated damper p¹
(Figure 7) the slits in which diminish gradually from right to left.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim 18-
(1) A stove, characterised by the combination of a rotary damper e arranged
on the cover plate a of the stove, with a damper p arranged in front of the smoke
pipe e in such a manner that for lighting up, only direct draught, and later on
only indirect draught will enter in operation, and that according to the position
of the dampers, the amount of air (heated in the stove) which is necessary for
the degrees of combustion indicated on a graduated scale provided on the stove,
is admitted into the fireplace, but that for a slow combustion a second current
of air is admitted to the gases of combustion before the latter enter the smoke
pipe.
(2) A form of construction of the stove specified in Claim 1, characterised by
the fact that the air enters by the aperture 6 of the cover plate a into a space
and thence through the side passages and and the slits and l' and m and m
formed in the latter, above and below the grate, and that also the products of
combustion arrive directly by the aperture oº, or when the latter is closed by the
damper p, through the apertures 5° and 1 and the passages s and s into the
lower passage t, thence through the air passages Z and into the space
and thence to the smoke pipe o, and that finally the rotary damper e is formed
by a simple sector which covers wholly or partly the apertures 6 and 6 formed
in the cover plate and allowing of the passage of air for combustion, and of a
secondary air current; the connection of the said sector with the damper p being
effected by means of gear teeth, whilst its position is indicated upon the
graduated scale by means of the handle f.
(3) In the stove specified in Claim 1, the admittance of the air of the room into
the space through a slith formed in the wall of the stove, by means of the
damper attached to the handle f of the sector e.
(4) In the stove specified in Claim 1, the combustion without smoke with
indirect draught by reason of the fact that the flame comes in contact with the
products of combustion in the air passages by means of slots 4 and provided
above the grate.
(5) The movement of the damper » for intercepting the direct draught by the
rotary damper e, by means of a slot e¹ formed in the latter and of a pin p° guided
in said slot and fixed to the damper p.
(6) The conversion of the stove specified in Claim 2. into a stove working with
direct draught only, characterised by the fact that the passages for the indirect
draught are dispensed with, and by the fact that the full register is replaced
by a perforated register having passage openings which diminish gradually
from right to left.
(7) An improved stove substantially as above described and shown in the
annexed drawings.