IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BORING WELLS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, CHARLES CHAPMAN, of the Broughton Road Works, Salford in the County of
Lancaster Artesian Well Engineer do hereby declare the nature of said Invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BORING WELLS to be as follows:-
My invention relates to boring machines used for making Artesian Wells in
which a boring bar is employed near the top of which are fixed two ratchet
wheels and having a crown head in which are fitted the cutters, the said bar
being alternately raised by a rope (actuated by steam power) and allowed to
descend by its own gravity to penetrate the rock or earth: the rope is connected
to the bar by a "bow" attached to a double ratchet free to move on the bar
between the two first-named ratchets, by which it imparts a rotary motion to the
bar, my object being to keep the drill or boring bar from flying back by the twisting
of the suspending rope and to insure its positive rotation."
.
To effect this I form on the periphery of the ratchet fixed at the top of the
boring bar a number of teeth which I call pallet teeth by preference double the
number of the teeth on the ratchets used for turning the bar, and on the bow
attached to the suspending rope and to the middle ratchet I fit one or more spring
pawls which engage with the said pallet teeth. When the machine is at work the
rope in ascending has a tendency to cause the middle ratchet to fly back and enter
the same teeth in the top ratchet that it entered at the previous lift and so fail
to communicate a partial rotation to the boring bar: but the pawl or pawls fitted
on the bow by engaging with the pallet teeth effectually prevent the flying back
of the middle ratchet and insure the positive rotation of the boring bar.

page_text: COMPLETE DE LULE ICATION
I CHARLES CHAPMAN, of the Broughton Road Works, Salford, in the County of
Lancaster, Artesian Well Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of said Invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BORING WELLS," and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
My invention relates to boring machines used for making Artesian wells in
which a boring bar is employed near the top of which are fixed two ratchet
wheels and having a crown head in which are fitted the cutters, the said bar
being alternately raised by a rope (actuated by steam power) and allowed to
descend by its own gravity to penetrate the rock or earth; the rope is connected
to the bar by a "bow" attached to a double ratchet free to move on the bar
between the two first named ratchets by which it imparts a rotary motion to the
bar, my object being to keep the drill or boring bar from flying back by the twisting
of the suspending rope and to ensure its positive rotation.
To effect this I form on the periphery of the ratchet fixed at the top of the boring
bar a number of teeth which I call pallet teeth by preference double the number of
the teeth on the ratchets used for turning the bar and on the bow attached to the
suspending rope and to the middle ratchet I fit one or more spring pawls which
engage with the said pallet teeth.
When the machine is at work the rope in ascending has a tendency to cause the
middle ratchet to fly back and enter the same teeth in the top ratchet that it
entered at the previous lift and so fail to communicate a partial rotation to the
boring bar, but the pawl or pawls fitted on the bow by engaging with the pallet
teeth effectually prevent the flying back of the middle ratchet and ensure the
positive rotation of the boring bar.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect I will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, reference
being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is a side view of the upper part of a boring bar with the mechanism for
rotating the same to which my Improvements are applied. Fig. 2 is a plan of the
same with the upper part of the bow removed and Fig. 3 is a side view on a
reduced scale of the boring bar with its cutter and guides.
The boring bar or drill a is provided as usual with guides a¹ and is formed with
a crown head a³ the periphery of which also acts as a guide and in which are fitted
the cutters b c and d are the two ratchet wheels keyed or fixed on the bar a near
the top and e is the middle ratchet wheel free to move on the bar a and connected
by the bowf to a rope g which passes over a pulley (not shown in the Drawings)
and is secured at the other end; this pulley is mounted on the piston of a steam
cylinder by which it is alternately raised and lowered to actuate the boring bar a:
other means may be employed if more convenient to actuate the rope g and so
raise and lower the boring bar; secured to the bowf are the two spring pawls h
which engage with the pallet teeth c¹ formed on the periphery of the ratchet c,
there being double the number of teeth c¹ as the number of teeth on either of the
ratchets c,
d and e; if more convenient, one pawl only, might be employed, but
I prefer to use two spring pawls h.

page_text: The boring is effected by raising the whole boring bar a with its cutters 6 by
means of the rope g and then allowing the boring bar to fall by its gravity, a
revolving motion being imparted to the boring bar and cutters by the ratchets c, d
and e in the usual manner.
When the bar a is ascending the twist in the rope g has a tendency to cause the
middle ratchet e to fly back and thus allow the points of the cutters b to fall in
the same place as on the previous stroke, but by the use of my Invention the spring
pawls advance round the ratchet c one tooth at each upward (or downward)
stroke, and then at the return stroke the pawls h will slide along the ratchet c
in gear with the teeth c¹ and prevent the ratchet e from flying back thereby
insuring a positive motion for the ratchets and the partial rotation of the boring
bar a and cutters b, and thus prevent the latter from falling in the same place as
on the previous stroke.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1.-Insuring the positive rotation of the boring bar a and cutters b by preventing
the ratchet e from flying back through the twisting of the suspending rope and the
mechanism for effecting the same, substantially in the manner and for the purposes
herein set forth.
2. The combination with the ratchet c provided with pallet teeth c¹ of the
pawls h, substantially as herein shown and described for the purposes specified.
20th
Dated this 20th day of T100x
H. B. BARLOW,
Agent for Applicant,
4, Mansfield Chambers,
17, St. Ann's Square, Manchester.