New or Improved Inhaling Apparatus.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Mar., 1892-Accepted. 14th May, 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
New or Improved Inhaling Apparatus.
I, ADOLF LUDVIG LÖNNERBERG of No. 8 Kungsholmsgatan Stockholm in the
Kingdom of Sweden Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
This inhaling apparatus is principally intended to be used for the curing of any
affection of the chest when a certain gas or gases or mixture of gas and air is to
be inhaled, the apparatus being therefore so arranged that the relation between the
air and the gas may be easily regulated. It may however also be used for the
inhaling air alone, for instance when it is desired to have the air to be inhaled
heated or purified.
The apparatus is of such dimensions that the person using same can carry it
about whilst at the same time the gas is being developed with which the air to be
inhaled is mixed, consequently the user need not devote any attention to the
apparatus nor is he inconvenienced thereby. The apparatus consists essentially of
a bottle or container containing the material or liquid from which the gas is to be
generated, absorbed in a sponge or solid porous material, for instance coke, or it
may be in liquid state. Into the bottle there descends a tube; provided within
the bottle with an adjustable valve, through which the gas can ascend the tube,
and at the outer end of which there is fixed a shield provided with valves and
intended to be placed in front of the mouth. Through other valves the atmo-
spheric air is drawn into the tube or the bottle, these valves being likewise adjust-
able, so that the air arrives into the tube and the bottle at the same time in the
same or in different proportions, or only in one of them at the same time.
As to the passage of the air, this may be arranged in various ways and conse-
quently on the annexed drawing various modifications are represented which
however do not differ materially one from another.
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of the inhaling apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of a modified form of apparatus.
Fig. 3 is a similar view of another modification.
Fig. 4 is a plan section of the upper part of the apparatus.
Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation of another modification.
Fig. 6 is a detail plan section and
Figures 7 are detail views.
Referring to Fig. 1 A designates the bottle enclosing the sponge. B containing
the material from which the gas is to be generated. Into the bottle there descends
through the neck the pipe C, containing the pipe D passing further down into the
bottle and being closely surrounded by the lower end of the pipe C. On the
lower end of the pipe D is passed the cap G provided with a lateral opening H.
The latter, through which the gas generated in the bottle enters the pipe D, can
be made greater or smaller by pushing the cap up or down the pipe. The tube M
connects the pipe C with the mouth-piece or shield N. The latter is provided
with two valves O and P of which the former opens outwardly and the latter
inwardly. The atmospheric air can enter the tube M through the hole E on the
pipe C, which hole is covered by an air filter, for instance cotton, placed into the
elastic collar L passed over the neck of the bottle, and the size of the opening E
can be regulated by means of the adjustable collar on the pipe C. The atmospheric
air
may likewise be let into the bottle. For this purpose there is a hole A' in the
neck of the latter, which hole can be closed or left more or less open by moving
the rubber ring A2 upwards or downwards on the neck of the bottle. Finally the
top of the pipe D is provided with a valve I opening towards the tube. If required

page_text: to have the inhaling air only slighly mixed with the gas from the bottle the hole A'
is closed and the cap G is adjusted so that the hole H is sufficiently open. When
inhaling the atmospheric air streams into the tube through the hole E and there
suction takes place just as with an ordinary ejector in the pipe D. The gas and
air are mixed in the tube and are inhaled through the valve P. The exhalation
takes place through the valve O. If the hole H be further opened more gas will
enter the pipe D, and if the hole A' be also opened and the hole E closed, the air
inhaled will be still more mixed with gas, inasmuch as the atmospheric air, during
the inhalation will then rush into the bottle and cause some pressure, wherefore gas
and air will stream up into the tube in an active manner. It is thus possible to
regulate the mixing of the air inhaled with gas with great exactitude.
Into
In Fig. 2 the apparatus is represented somewhat simplified. The tube M here
descends directly into the bottle through the cork or sleeve M' inserted into the
neck of the bottle, this sleeve being provided with a lateral opening as is also the
tube, and both these lateral openings may be regulated by turning or displacing
the tube and the sleeve in relation to one another. This regulation can however
be effected in many other ways, for instance by causing the lateral opening of the
tube to project more or less above the top of the sleeve, and the sleeve may consist
of a pierced cork or the tube may be closely fitted to the neck of the bottle.
the lower end of the tube there is inserted a small closed glass tube or cap D' and
by pushing this tube more or less into the tube M the lateral openings D' D' of
the latter may be left more or less open. If the tube M consists of such a material
as may be affected by the contents of the bottle, the end of the same entering into
the bottle may be made of glass. The mouth shield is likewise simplified, as
instead of the above described valve O the small rubber plate O₁ is fixed outside
of the shield and covers an opening in the latter, and instead of the valve P the
small flap P is used inserted into the tube. The shield is maintained in place in
front of the mouth of the patient by elastic strings or straps round the head.
Figs. 3 and 4 show the apparatus so arranged that it may be used either in the
way described or for heating the air to be inhaled with or without a simultaneous
mixture with gas. Into the bottle there descends the curved end of one or more
U-shaped pipes R one end of each of which rise through the stopper and the other
ends enter into a chamber R' in the stopper. Another perforated stopper S is
inserted into the chamber R¹ and to this stopper is connected the tube. The
stopper S may be applied as shown by the full lines or the dotted lines. Adjust-
able valves a cover the outer ends of the pipes R and the atmospheric air can also
enter the bottle through another channel a¹ traversing the stopper and which can
likewise be closed more or less by means of a valve b. Within the bottle and in
the pipes there are holes so that the gas generated in the bottle may enter the
pipes and pass into the tube. For persons suffering from phthisis the inhalation of
hot air has proved useful. This ought then so much the more to be the case, if the
air were mixed with some gas known to act beneficially upon the lungs. The
apparatus Fig. 3 is very well adapted for introduction of this kind. The bottle is
placed in a vessel containing hot water or steam so as to be heated. The air
passing into the apparatus through the valves a will thus be heated when passing
through the pipes and in order that the air may be speedily heated and as little
resistance as possible occur in inhaling several pipes are inserted among which the
passage of the air is distributed. Through valves b the atmospheric air may be
fet into the bottle with the view already stated.
The modification Figs. 5 to 7 differs from that last described substantially only
therein, that both ends of the U-shaped pipe or pipes R pass through the stopper
and that the tube M is connected directly to one end of the pipe. If several pipes
be used (the figure shows two) the ends of the pipes may be coupled together by
means of a branch pipe a Fig. 7, with which the tube M is connected. The
opposite ends of the pipes R are covered by adjustable valves a as in Fig. 3, and
within the bottle there are holes in the pipes, so that the gas may enter the same.
The tube, Figs. 3 and 5, is provided with lateral openings as at É Fig. 1, in order

page_text: that the air may pass directly into the same, when it is not required to let the air
pass through the pipes R, the opening in the tube being on the contrary closed, if
the air is to go through the pipes. The apparatus Fig. 4, may also be used for
the inhalation of heated air or not and with or without the addition of gas generated
in the bottle. If heated air only is to be inhaled one has only to close the holes c
and the valve b, so that no gas may enter the pipes and air only enters the latter.
In lieu of the hole A' in the neck of the bottle Fig. 1 or the channel a', Fig. 3,
there can evidently be a hole in the body of the bottle, covered by an adjustable
valve plate. Such a valve is shown on the apparatus in Fig. 4. In lieu of the
bottle A, it is evident any other suitable vessel may be used.
The apparatus described may also be used for purifying the air to be inhaled.
The bottle is therefore fitted with a filter for instance made of cotton, with or
without addition of other material, depending upon the nature of the air, and the
air is caused to enter the bottle through the valves A' a¹ and the pipe or pipes
through the valves c. The air will then be purified during its passage through the
filter. In lieu of a mouth shield the tube M may be provided with a mouth piece
of any other description found to be convenient.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An inhaling apparatus, consisting of a vessel capable of containing material
suitable for the generation of gas to be inhaled, with means for allowing of the
inhalation in determined quantities of a mixture of air and gas or of gas alone or
of air alone heated or not heated and with or without means for filtering the air
substantially as set forth.
2. The constructions of inhaling apparatus as shown on the drawings.
Dated this 23rd day of March 1892.
f March 1892.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.