IMPROVE- MENTS IN WATER DIRECTORS FOR FIRE ENGINES, GARDEN ENGINES, AND HOSE, AND FOR NOZZLES FOR FORCE PUMPS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Cranston Haswell, residing in the City
and County of Edinburgh, Scotland, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN WATER DIRECTORS FOR FIRE ENGINES, GARDEN ENGINES, AND HOSE,
AND FOR NOZZLES FOR FORCE PUMPS."
Sealed the 26th November 1869, and dated the 29th June 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Cranston
Haswell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 29th June 1869.
I, GEORGE CRANSTON HASWELL, residing in the City and County of
Edinburgh, Scotland, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER DIRECTORS FOR FIRE ENGINES, GARDEN ENGINES,
AND HOSE, AND FOR NOZZLES FOR FORCE PUMPS," to be as follows:-
In extinguishing fires or conflagrations as much damage is usually
done by the excess and misdirection of the water as at present applied
as by the fire itself. This result is inseparable from the use of the
director commonly now employed, which can only throw water in one
undivided column, and thus the greater portion of the water passes or

page_text: goes through the fire with little effect.
If indeed the water strike tho
object aimed at (especially if near at hand) a large portion sparks off,
or starts back, or if it strike the object obliquely it flies off at an angle
and is not distributed where wished. The result is that in many
instances through the use of the ordinary director the water is wasted,
does great damage, and the fire is not soon extinguished.
My Invention consists of a combination of a director which has
the ordinary straight or tapered bore with a rose or roses, whereby
the water can be thrown either through the central orifice of the director
or distributed through the rose or roses. These roses may either
be placed on the sides or round the central orifice, and by means of a
cock or valve, or arrangement of valves, the water may either be
directed in one column as heretofore through the central orifice, or
distributed through the rose or roses, at the discretion of the operator.
The effect and advantage of my improved director is that by means
of it the operator is enabled to distribute the water against the object
aimed at, or to direct it in one column as at present. This director
may be attached either to a fire engine, a garden engine, or hose, or as
a nozzle to a force pump or syringe, and may be used either for
watering pleasure or other grounds, or extinguishing fires.
Having thus described my Invention, I wish to state that I do not
limit myself to the exact details above described, but I claim the said
Invention substantially as and for the purpose above set forth.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Cranston Haswell in the Great Seal Patent 2
Office on the 14th December 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
CRANSTON HASWELL, residing in the City and County of Edinburgh,
Scotland, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her 3
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, för Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said George Cranston Haswell, Her

page_text: special licence that I, the said George Cranston Haswell, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George Cran-
ston Haswell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER DIRECTORS FOR FIRE ENGINES,
GARDEN ENGINES, AND HOSE, AND FOR NOZZLES FOR FORCE PUMPS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said George Cranston Haswell,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Cranston Haswell do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement (reference being had to the Drawings here-
unto annexed and to the letters and figures marked thereon), that is
to say :-
In extinguishing fires or conflagrations as much damage is usually
done by the excess and misdirection of the water as at present applied
as by the fire itself. This result is inseparable from the use of the
director commonly now employed, which can only throw water in one
undivided column, and thus the greater portion of the water passes or
goes through the fire with little effect. If indeed the water strike
the object aimed at (especially if near at hand) a large portion sparks
off, or starts back, or if it strike the object obliquely it flies off at an
angle and is not distributed where wished. The result is that in many
instances through the use of the ordinary director the water is wasted,
does great damage, and the fire is not soon extinguished.
My Invention consists of a combination of a director which has the
ordinary straight or tapered bore with a rose or roses, whereby the water
can be thrown either through the central orifice of the director or
distributed through the rose or roses. These roses may either be placed
on the sides or round the central orifice, and by means of a cock or

page_text: valve, or arrangement of valves, the water may either be directed in
one column as heretofore through the central orifico, or distributed
through the rose or roses or jets at the discretion of the operator. The
effect and advantage of my improved director is that by means of it
the operator is enabled to distribute the water against tho object aimed
at, or to direct it in one column. This director may be attached either
to a fire engine, or garden engine, or hose, or as a nozzle to a force
pump or syringe, and may be used either for watering pleasure or other
grounds, or for extinguishing fires.
In the Drawings annexed to this Specification Figures 1 to 12
inclusivo are intended to explain and illustrate the nature of the said
Invention and the manner in which it is to be performed. Figures 1,
2, and 3 represent a syringe fitted with my patent nozzle. Figure 1
shews a drawing, Figuro 2, a section and Figure 3 an elevation of
the same syringe; Figures 4, 5, and 6 represent a director for garden
engines or hose; Figure 4 is a drawing; Figure 5 a section; and 6 an
elevation of such director; Figure 7 is a drawing or plan of my
director for a fire engine; Figure 8 is a section of Figure 7; Figure 9
is a section of such director without the side rose shewn in Fig. 7;
Figure 10 is a section of such director without the front rose; Figures 11
and 12 are respectively a drawing and section of the head of a director
slightly differing in the details of construction from those above de-
scribed but substantially the same, showing the head or nozzle in a more
compact form. The corresponding parts in each of the above-mentioned
Figures are marked with the samo letters.
T is the tube or aperture by which the water is conveyed towards
the key of the stop-cock C. If this key be in the position shewn in
Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, and 12 the water is directed towards
the jet J, and is thrown in one column. But if the key C be turned
as in Figure 9 so that the opening C' shall be opposite to T, and the
opening C opposite to the side channel S, C, the water is directed into
the side channel S, C, and towards the front rose F, R; or in Figure 10
towards the side rose S, R. By this same movement the side of the key
marked C is turned towards J, and thus the centro jet is shut off and
the side or front rose opened. If the key, as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3,
4, 5, 6, and 10, be turned a quarter turn towards the right, the water
would be shut off by the side C' coming opposite to the opening T. In
Figure 8 there are three water channels J, F, R, and S, R, and by

page_text: turning the key of the stop-cock towards the left the water is guided
into S, R, and F, R, and J aro closed, while by turning it in the
opposite direction the water is guided into F, R, and S, R, and J are
closed, as shewn in Figure 8.
The stop-cock used by me is an ordinary ground stop-cock with the
passages through the key in the positions shewn in the Drawings.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I wish to state that I do not limit
myself to the exact details above described, but 1 claim the said In-
vention of a combination in one director of a straight or tapered bore
and a rose or roses for distributing or directing the water as before
described, substantially for the purpose above set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Cranston Haswell, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of December,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
ninc.
GEORGE C. HASWELL. (L.S.)