AN IMPROVED HYDRAULIC MOTOR
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Armand le Comte de Fontainemoreau, of
London, Paris, and Brussels, Patent Solicitor, for the Invention of
"AN IMPROVED HYDRAULIC MOTOR."-A communication.
Sealed the 6th October 1857, and dated the 12th May 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Armand le Comte
de Fontainemoreau at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 12th May 1857.
I, PETER ARMAND le Comte DE FONTAINEMOREAU, of London, Paris, and
Brussels, Patent Solicitor, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
of "AN IMPROVED HYDRAULIC MOTOR," to be as follows, that is to say:-
The Invention consists in a novel arrangement of apparatus for obtaining
motive power.
The apparatus is composed of a number of hollow elastic buckets or bellows,
partly immersed in water, made to pass over two pulleys. Each bellows is
furnished with a leaden weight at the bottom, which forces the air contained
in the bellows on one side, to pass by means of elastic connecting tubes into
those buckets or bellows which are on the opposite side. The bellows are
fitted to slotted links, and connected together so as to form an endless chain.
which passes over the two pulleys, as shewn by the Drawing marked "A."

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Peter Armand le Comte de Fontainemoreau in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 11th November 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PETER
ARMAND le Comte DE FONTAINEMOREAU, of London, Paris, and Brussels,
Patent Solicitor, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Royal
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Peter Armand le Comte de Fontainemoreau, Her special license that I, the
said Peter Armand le Comte de Fontainemoreau, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Peter Armand le Comte de
Fontainemoreau, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter.
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
HYDRAULIC MOTOR," (communicated to me by a foreigner residing abroad,) upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Peter Armand le Comte de
Fontainemoreau, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Peter Armand le Comte de Fontaine-
moreau, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing
hereto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to
say:-
The Invention consists in a novel arrangement of apparatus for obtaining
.motive power.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawing is a front elevation, and Figure 2.
is a side view, of the apparatus with the front pulleys removed.
The apparatus consists of a certain number of rectangular bellows or closed
buckets L, suspended by rods or spindles A, fixed at the upper extremity of
each of the bellows, and connected to the rods or links of two endless chains,

page_text: which pass between the pullies B. The guides C which support the lower
part of the bellows slide upon and connect together the rods or links D;
these rods are kept in their places by slots I, I, which allow the chains to
pass over the pulleys. Thus arranged, the bellows are all put in com-
munication by means of flexible tubes E, Figure 1, which are united to the
plates J, J, of the bellows, having their lower parts provided with leaden plates
M, M, the weight of which is calculated according to the size of the buckets.
The whole apparatus is immersed in water to a suitable height. The bellows
or buckets on one side are kept extended by the weight of the lead, which
forms an equilibrium to the pressure of the water, tending to keep them
closed.
Iron frames placed in the interior prevent the depression of the lateral
parts. The large volume of water which each extended bellows displaces
serves as an equilibrium to the weight of the lead, the action of which on the
whole apparatus thus becomes nul. On the other side of the pulleys the
bellows are closed; they displace but little water, and support underneath all the
weight of the lead. As no other action counterbalances their weight, they have
a tendency to fall and draw the chain along with them, thus giving a rotatory
motion to the axis H. Motion being thus obtained, and the air confined in
the apparatus being able to pass freely from one bellows to another, is made
to circulate by the action of the weights, which close the bellows on one side
and fills successively those on the opposite side. The motion thus produced is
continued without interruption, and the force of the rotation given to the axis
will be in proportion to the number of bellows employed and the diameter of
the pulleys.
Figures 3, 4, and 5 shew a modification of the above arrangement. Each
of the buckets is suspended at the upper part A, Figure 3, to the rods of a
frame attached to the links of the chains which wind round the pullies. At
the parts b, c, of each frame are jointed the levers B, P, which by means of
the rods D keep the bucket in the required position. The weights act on the
lower parts of the buckets by means of the levers B, P, which give to the
weights a greater power of traction and compression than by the herein-before
described method.
It results from this modification that the whole of the apparatus acquires an
increase of power, by the reduction of resistance resulting from too great a
quantity of air remaining in the closed buckets, and from an insufficient
extension of the open buckets. This arrangement has the advantage of
reducing the total weight of the apparatus which rests on the bearings of the
motive axle.

page_text: Having now described the nature of the Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I observe, in conclusion, that what I claim is, the con-
struction and arrangement of an hydraulic apparatus for obtaining motive
power, as herein-before described, and shewn in the annexed Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Armand le Comte de Fontaine-*
moreau, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Seventh day of
November, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
U DE CONTAINTMORTAIL
FONTAINEMOREAU.
EMOREAU. (..)
DE FONTA