IMPROVEMENTS IN POWER LOOMS FOR WEAVING FIGURED PILE FABRICS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Cunliffe Lister and José Reixach, both of
Manningham, in the County of York, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN POWER LOOMS FOR WEAVING FIGURED PILE FABRICS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Cunliffe Lister
and José Reixach at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
24th January 1882.
SAMUEL CUNLIFFE LISTER and JOSÉ REIXACп both of Manningham in the
County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN POWER LOOMS FOR WEAVING FIGURED
PILE FABRICS."
Our said Invention relates to weaving figured velvets, plush or any other pile
fabrics by power looms, with one or more shuttles, thrown simultaneously such pile
fabrics being woven two or more pieces together face to face, at one operation, the
said pieces being connected together by means of the pile threads upon severing
which two or more separate and distinct pieces of pile fabric are produced.
The jacqard machine is employed for producing the figures by means of the pile
warp, each thread of which is put on a separate bobbin which is fixed in a creel
placed behind the loom, and the figure is produced by the jacquard acting on each
thread of the pile warp, but the ground is made by a set of tappets which also
regulate the length of the pile; the ground may be either twilled or otherwise.
The said tappets are used to keep the two pieces sufficiently open to take up the
length of pile required. The said tappets are so arranged that whilst weaving the
top piece, the healds belonging to the bottom piece are kept at rest at the bottom,
and when weaving the bottom piece, those healds belonging to the top piece remain
at rest likewise, thus causing the two pieces to separate and by so doing taking up
the length of pile given.
Two rollers are placed at the back of the loom, one for each ground warp, to open
the said warps to a certain angle in combination with the healds, which healds,
those belonging to the top piece are kept at a higher level than those belonging to
IPmine G71

page_text: the bottom piece, these two levels and the angles given by the above rollers make
the pile to keep tight between the two pieces.
A swing rail or shelf is attached in front of the reed in the shuttle race of the
going part, which is carried by two pivots close up to the reed, the front part being
held up to its place by means of spiral springs for the shuttles to traverse over it;
the object of this is to cause the front of the swing rail before mentioned to
depress as soon as it comes in contact with the pile gauge (which is placed at the
edge of the cloth in front of the reed) and to raise again to its proper level as the
going part recedes after beating up and thereby keeping clear of the pile gauge
each time the going part beats up.
To form Utrecht plush in looms weaving to pieces face to face we also use. three
combinations of tappets each combination makes the weft to form the loop for the
temples and also fastens all the selvages of the two pieces.
-SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Samuel Cunliffe Lister & José-Reixach-in-the Great Seal Patent 1
Office on the 24th July 1882.
SAMUEL CUNLIFFE LISTER and JOSÉ REIXACH both of Manningham in the
County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN POWER LOOMS FOR WEAVING FIGURED
PILE FABRICS."
"
Our said Invention relates to weaving figured velvets, plush, or any other pile
fabrics, by power looms, when two such pile fabrics are woven face to face at one
operation and are connected together by means of the pile threads, upon severing
which, two separate and distinct pieces of pile fabric are produced. The jacquard
machine is employed for producing the figures by means of the pile warp, cach
thread of which is put on a separate bobbin which is fixed in a creel placed behind
the loom, and the figure is produced by the jacquard acting on each thread of the
pile warp, but the ground is made by a set of tappets which also regulate the length
of the pile, the ground may be either twilled or otherwise.
The said tappets are used to keep the two pieces sufficiently open to take up the
length of pile required.
The said tappets are so arranged that whilst weaving the top piece, the healds
belonging to the bottom piece are kept at rest at the bottom, and when weaving
the bottom piece, those healds belonging to the top picce remain at rest likewise,
thus causing the two pieces to separate, and by so doing taking up the length of
pile given.
Two rollers are placed at the back of the loom, one for each ground warp, to
open the said warps to a certain angle in combination with the healds, which
healds those belonging to the top piece are kept at a higher level than those
belonging to the bottom piece these two levels and the angles given by the above
rollers make the pile to keep tight between the two pieces.
A moveable rail or shelf is attached in front of the reed in the shuttle race of
the going part, for the shuttle to traverso over it. The object being to permit the

page_text: rail or shelf to descend as soon as it comes near the pile gauge (which is placed close
to the fell or edge of the cloth) and to raise again to its proper level as the going
part recedes after beating up, thereby keeping clear of the pile gauge each timo
the going part beats up.
.
The rail or shelf may be carried by two pivots close up to the reed and its front
part only be raised or lowered or the whole rail or shelf may be raised and lowered
with a positive parallel motion.
In order that the said Invention may be more readily understood, we shall
now proceed to describe the several Figures on the Sheets of Drawings hereunto
annexed.
Figure 1 Sheet I of the Drawings represents a sido elevation of the loom with
the jacquard bealds and creel. A is the loom side which carries the crank shaft B,
the swords C of the going part E aro connected with the crank shaft B by the
crank arm D, which gives motion to the going part E-F F are the ground warps
to form the back of the pile fabric, which warps are acted upon by the healds G,
the said healds being worked by the tappets H Sheet 2 Figure 5. I is the creel
required to carry the bobbins J, upon which the threads of the pile K are wound.
L are weights to give tension to the pile threads K. M Mare glass rods over
which the pile threads are conducted to the harness N. OO are the two pieces
face to face bound by the pile threads K worked by the harness N which is lifted
by the jacquard P.
The tappets H Sheet 2 Figure 5 which work the healds G are so constructed
that whilst weaving the top pieco, the healds belonging to the bottom piece are
kept at rest at the bottom, thus causing an opening between the two pieces which
takes up the length of pile. An exaggerated diagram view of the position of the
ground warps when weaving the top piece is shown at diagram 2 and when
weaving the bottom piece at diagram 1. Two rollers Q Q are placed between the
warps F to keep them open to such an angle as to take up the length of the pile in
combination with the tappets H, such length of pile being given by the bobbins J,
and is regulated by a swing pile gauge R as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4. The
swing rail or shelf S Figure 1 in front of the recd in the shuttle race of the going
part E better seen in Figures 6, 7, Sheet 2 is connected by rods T to levers U,
said levers being mounted on the shaft V which is carried across the going part E.
Upon the same shaft is mounted another lever W, which is connected by the
rod X to the lever Y, the said lever works on its fulcrum Y' which is fixed to tho
loom side A. The said lever Y is also connected by the rod 6 to the lever b'. The
lever b' works on the stud be carried by the stand 63 fixed to the loom side A.
The lever b' receives its motion from the tappet Z, which tappet is keyed on a
toothed wheel, both of which revolve upon the stud d, this stud is fixed on the
loom side A. The tappet Z and wheel receive their motion from the pinion d'
keyed on picking shaft which is driven from the crank shaft in the ordinary
manner. The tappet Z is divided into 6 parts, each part giving the required
movement to meet the swing gauge R and the shuttle at its proper time as follows;
whilst weaving the top piece the swing rail or shelf S in the going part E, is kept
down by the tappet Z, in order to clear the swing pile gauge when beating up,
there being sufficient warp down to carry the shuttle. Whilst weaving the
bottom piece the shelf S is caused to rise and depress at each pick, it rises to carry
the shuttle across, (there not being sufficient warp down to carry it) and it depresses
to clear the swing pile gauge R at the time of beating up.
It is most important in a figured pile fabric woven face to face to obtain a smooth
back and an equal length of pile. By our swing pile gauge in combination with
our swing or moveable rail or shelf we obtain the above.
Figure 2 is a top view of the swing pile gauge R. 6 is the velvet rail on which
are fixed the temple strands the said stands are provided with projections on which
the arms g g from the pile gauge swing on studs h. ij are the two rails forming
the pile gauge, which is close to the reed, through this pile gauge the pieces pass
as they are woven. i is the bottom rail of the gauge and is the top rail, these

page_text: two rails are adjustable by the screws k at the end of the rail ij as shown best in
Figure 3 Sheet 1.
Figure 4 is a through section of the swing pile gauge R.
Figure 7 Sheet 2 is a front elevation of the going part showing swing rail S in
position.
Figure 5 Sheet 2 is front elevation showing tappets H in connection with the
healds G.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, we would observe in conclusion, that we do not confine or restrict ourselves
to the precise details or arrangements which we have had occasion to describe or
refer to, as many variations may be made therefrom without deviating from the
painciples or main features of the said Invention; but what we consider to be novel
and original and therefore claim as the Invention secured to us by the herein before
in part recited Letters Patent, is-
First. The combination of a jacquard machine for working the pile warps with
healds and tappets for working the ground warps and for regulating the longth of
the pile substantially as described.
Second. The moveable shuttle rail in the going part in combination with the pile
gauge substantially as described.
In witness whereof I the said José Reixach have hereunto set my hand and
seal this Twenty first day of July in the year of our Lord One thousand
cight hundred-and eighty. two.