Improvements in the Process of Annealing, and in Pots used therein.
Year: 1898

page_text: ate of Application, 21st Nov., 1898-Accepted, 21st Jan., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Process of Annealing, and in Pots used therein.
I, HERMANN LANGEN, of Duisburg, Rhenish Prussia, Germany, Wire Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
-
This invention relates to improvements in the process of annealing wire and
in pots used therein and it has for its object to anneal copper and brass wires
and the like in such a manner that they will not be oxydised by the annealing.
process but keep a bright metallic surface, like new drawn wire. I attain this
object by embedding the wire rolls in coal dust in an hermetically closed pot
so that inside and outside of the wire rings a layer of fine charcoal is placed
hindering oxygen to come in contact with the wire, and causing the oxygen
contained in the closed pot when it gets heated to be burned so that it can have
no influence upon the wire itself. In order to carry out this process, I have
constructed the annealing pot shown on the accompanying drawing in which;
Fig. 1 is a vertical axial section and
Fig. 2 is partly a top view, partly a horizontal cross section!
The new. annealing pot is composed of two main parts, namely the one forming
the bottom A and the inner tube like circumference D, and having a double
ring B, B, at the outer edge with an annular space C, between the double ring.
A similar annular space being formed at the top of the pipe D by forming a ring
of larger diameter round its top side: The bottom of this annular space C is
partly left open and the openings are covered by a ring F.
An outer ring G,
of a diameter equal to the middle of the annular space C and having a cover or
top H, with a central downwardly reaching ring J fitting exactly into the middle
of the annular space C serves to form a completely closed receptacle together
with the part A, B, D.
For convenient transport each of these two parts is provided with ugs or
ears L and K, respectively. A ring or short tube M, just wide enough to fit into
the inner ring B, and nearly as long as the height of part G, and also a similar
perforated tube N of a little wider diameter than the ring E and of same height
as the ring M, are placed upon the bottom A, so as to form a central annular
space between M and N, and a ring top 0, completes the parts necessary for my
new annealing pot. The inner ring N, may be perforated."
When annealing wire I proceed as follows: I place the tube N upon the open
bottom A, and also the outer tube M, then the wire rings to be annealed are
placed into the annular space between the two tubes N and M. The central
annular space between D and N, is filled with coal dust through the openings F;
the cover O, is placed upon M, N, and the spaces C and C are filled with fine
sand and then the outer piece G, is pressed upon the other parts with its bottom,
edge reaching into the sand in C, and with its upper ring J reaching into the
sand in C, and then the whole is placed in an oven and exposed to a bright
red hot temperature. The coal dust between N, and D, thereby consums all the

page_text: oxygen in the pot to form carbonic oxyde and thus no oxydation of the wire
takes place; when sufficiently annealed the pots are taken out of the oven and
cooled quite slowly, when the process is completed.
The wire rings can be taken out of the pot and they have now as bright a
surface as if they came froin the drawing bench.
I may observe that the two parts A, B, C, D, and G, H, J, must not be
connected together rigidly so as to allow their free play in order to prevent
explosion by the expansion of gases forming in the interior.
The central opening in tube D, allows the equal heating of the interior of
the pot and of its contents.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1.) The process of annealing wire consisting in this, that the wire to be
annealed is placed in a closed receptacle formed in the interior of a pot with
annular spaces outside and inside of the said receptacle, filling the inner annular
space with coal dust and closing the joints of the pot hermetically by sand
filling, then exposing the whole to a bright red hot temperature.
2.) In carrying out the process specified in Claim 1, an annealing pot con-
sisting in the combination with a bottom plate A, having rings B, B, forming
an annular space C, at its outer circumference an open tube D, rising from its
central part and having a ring E, cast to its top so as to form an annular space C¹,
with openings F1 therein, of tubes M, and N, placed on bottom plate A, between
the inner ring B, and tube D, and covered at top by a ring 0; an outer tube G,
fitting with its lower end into the space C, and having a top H, and a down-
wardly reaching ring J, fitting into the space C¹, the whole as described and
illustrated and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 19th day of November 1898.
HERMANN LANGEN,
Per Karl S. Mayer,
Agent.