CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN FANS, BLASTS, OR BLOWING APPARATUS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Burch, of Crag Hall, near Maccles-
field, in the County of Chester, Carpet Manufacturer, for the
Invention of CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN FANS, BLASTS, OR BLOWING
APPARATUS."
Sealed the 9th August 1853, and dated the 4th June 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Burch at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 4th June 1853.
I, JOSEPH BURCH, of Crag Hall, near Macclesfield, in the County of
Chester, Carpet Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN FANS, BLASTS, OR BLOWING
APPARATUS" to be as follows:-
The novelty of my Invention consists in placing vanes on a disc of
suitable diameter, oblique to the axis, acting on the screw principle,
in the mouth of a conical or other shaped pipe, cylinder, or conduit, in
the interior of which is fixed a conical or other shaped central piece

page_text: or plug, commencing at the inner side, and of the diameter of the disc,
for the purpose of confining & concentrating the current to the action
of the vanes or blades. The Drawing annexed hereto gives a general
idea of my Invention. Figure 1, shews a side sectional view. Fig. 2,
an end view. a, is an axis on which the disc (b,) carrying the vanes (c,)
revolves; d, is a case, cylinder, pipe, or conduit, & e, a conical piece
or plug before referred to; by giving motion to the shaft in the
direction pointed by the arrows, a current of air is made to pass
through the pipe or conduit d, in the direction of the arrows; the
reversing of the motion, with a suitable modification in the form of
the blades, changing the direction of the current, drawing it from the
pipe or air conduit d.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joseph Burch in the Great Seal Patent Office,
on the 3rd December 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
JOSEPH BURCH, of Crag Hall, near Macclesfield, in the County of
Chester, Carpet Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the sixteenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Joseph Burch, Her especial license that I,
the said Joseph Burch, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Joseph Burch, my executors, administra-
tors, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein ex-
pressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN

page_text: FANS, BLASTS, OR BLOWING APPARATUS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Joseph Burch, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Burch, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement and accompanying Drawing (that is to say):
The Drawing annexed hereto shews two modifications of this Inven-
tion; Fig. 1, being a longitudinal view, and Fig. 1^, an end view of
one modification, and Fig. 2, a sectional longitudinal view, and Fig. 24,
an end view (with part of the outer case removed) of another modifi-
cation. Fig. 1, and 1, represent a blowing apparatus adapted to
produce an open current of air for drying or ventilation. It is formed
by mounting a disc or drum (c), upon an axis (A), placed in suitable
bearings and supports (D), fixing upon the circumference of the disc (c),
vanes or blades (a), (which may be slightly concave on the side towards
which the current is intended to go,) having their sides at an oblique
angle to the axis of the disc, and by placing a central piece (G,) of a
conical or other suitable form (the base being the diameter of the disc)
as near the disc as possible without touching. The piece (G,) may be
made of sheet iron, and supported by the feet E, as shewn. It prevents
any eddies from being formed by air passing from the place which it
occupies to replace that thrown off by centrifugal action of the vanes
or blades (a), which would, to a certain extent, counteract the current
intended to be produced. By fixing the vancs or blades so that their
planes are adjustable, that is, by hinging them in their oblique position
on the disc so that their planes may be placed at any required angle
from a line perpendicular to the axis, the current may be dispersed
from the axial line, or directed to a focus varying in distance from the
lisc, according to the angle at which the vanes or blades are placed.

page_text: The apparatus may be put in motion by a belt working on the driving
pulleys B.
Fig. 2, and 2, shew apparatus intended for blast and other similar
purposes. In this modification the part which forms the disc (c), in the
first modification is here in form a portion of a sphere, or a form
approaching to that which is mounted on a shaft (A), having bearings
and supports and driving pulleys, as in the first modification described.
The vanes or blades a, extend from the largest diameter of the part C,
towards the axis to within about one third the distance between the
axis and the largest diameter, and over an arc measured at a right
angle to the axis of about thirty degrees, and are placed at the largest
diameter at an angle oblique to the axis (of about seventy degrees),
and gradually curved so that, if continued to the axis, they would be
about parallel with it, the planes of the blades or vanes in their
erect position being in lines radiating from the centre of the part C.
A central part G, is employed, which answers the purpose already
explained, and, in this modification, to assist, together with the outer
case or covering (H), in concentrating and confining the current to the
action of the vanes or blades (a). The covering or case may be made
of sheet iron, covering in the central piece and the vancs or blades of
the fan, leaving a hole round the axis for the admission of air to the
fan. The covering and central part may be made, if required, conical,
and of the form shewn in dotted lines in Fig. 2.
When the shaft A, is revolved those parts of the blades nearest the
axis will cause a centrifugal action on the air, producing a partial
vacuum which is fed by the natural weight of the atmosphere, and
those parts of the vanes or blades furthest from the shaft act to force
forward the air into the air-tight casing H. It is scarcely necessary to
add that the condensed air or blast produced by revolving the fan may
be taken to the place where it is required by pipes continued from the
casing H.
Having now particularly described the nature of my Invention, and
the mode in which it is to be carried into effect, I wish it to be under
stood, that I claim the mode of constructing and using fans or blowing

page_text: herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Burch, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this First day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-
three.
Signed in the presence of
PETER J. LIVSEY. of
Manchester.
JOSEPH BURCH. (L.S.)