IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF REFLECTORS AND SHADES FOR GAS AND OTHER LIGHTS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert William Hart, of Higher Broughton,
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF REFLECTORS AND SHADES FOR
GAS AND OTHER LIGHTS."
Sealed the 24th October 1862, and dated the 26th April 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert William Hart
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 26th April 1862.
I, HERBERT WILLIAM HART, of Higher Broughton, Manchester, in the
3 County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF REFLECTORS AND SHADES -
FOR GAS AND OTHER LIGHTS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to reflecting shades for gas and other lights, and
consists in the application of a metallic surface to paper or cardboard, the
metal forming the reflecting medium or surface while the paper stuff forms
the body of the shade. I prepare these generally of a truncated conical form,
and apply the metal surface thereto either in the form of thin tin-foil or other
reflecting metal foil which may have been previously prepared and applied on
thin paper as well understood in preparing metal foil papers. Instead of
forming the shade first and then applying the foil or foil paper surface, it may

page_text: be applied in the flat on paper or cardboard and subsequently cut and con-
verted into the form of shade desired. I may also apply this principle for
the reflection of light generally.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Herbert William Hart in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 25th October 1862.
TO ALL. TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HERBERT
WILLIAM HART, of Higher Broughton, Manchester, in the County of Lan-
caster, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,.
the said Herbert William Hart, Her special licence that I, the said Herbert
William Hart, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Herbert William Hart, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully:
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF REFLECTORS AND SHADES FOR GAS
AND OTHER LIGHTS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Herbert William Hart, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of, the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Herbert William Hart, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner, the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement (that is to say) :-
My Invention relates to reflecting shades for gas and other lights, and
consists in the application of a metallic surface to paper or cardboard, the
metal forming the reflecting medium or surface, while the paper stuff forms the
body of the shade. I prepare these generally of a truncated conical form, and

page_text: apply the metal surface thereto, either in the form of thin tin or other
reflecting metal foil, which may have been previously prepared and applied on
thin paper, as well understood in preparing metal foil papers. Instead of
forming the shade first, and then applying the metal foil or foil paper surface,
it may be applied in the flat on paper or cardboard, and subsequently cut and
converted into the form of shade desired. I may also apply this paper foil
reflector to the reflection of light generally, adapting its form to the purpose
desired.
For reflectors for billiard table lights I adopt the same form of shade
usually adopted for the green paper shades used for such purposes, the only
difference being that my improved shade presents a metal foil surface as the
reflecting surface instead of the white paper, as usual. For some purposes
the cone of the shade may be much flatter than that of the shades above
mentioned, as for shop windows when the light is to be more diffused, or even
entirely flat; when such shades are flat in their general contour I prefer to
make the reflecting surface of a series of facets, which can be effected by
embossing or pressing, as well understood as applied to paper. This facet
surface is best adapted for the reflection of daylight, and which I adopt when
used for that purpose. When used for daylight reflectors the paper body and
metallic surface must be carefully protected from the weather.
Having described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I declare that what I claim as my Invention to be protected
by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the application of paper
having a metallic reflecting surface for the manufacture of reflectors and shades
for gas and other lights, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert William Hart, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
H. W. HART,
(L.S.)