IMPROVEMENTS IN GENERATING STEAM."
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Cranstoun Trotter Cranstoun, of Chirnside
Bridge, in the County of Berwick, North Britain, Paper Maker, George
Young, of Dunse, in the same County, Plumber, and John Lovell, of
Chirnside Bridge, in the same County, Paper Maker, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN GENERATING STEAM."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Cranstoun Trotter
Cranstoun, George Young, and John Lovell at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 28th January 1857.
We, GEORGE CRANSTOUN TROTTER CRANSTOUN, of Chirnside Bridge, in the
County of Berwick, North Britain, Paper Maker, George Young, of Dunse,
in the same County, Plumber,. and John Lovell, of Chirnside Bridge, in the
same County, Paper Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GENERATING STEAM," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to the employment of what would otherwise be the
waste heat of steam boiler furnaces and flues for heating the supply or feed
water of steam boilers, so as greatly. to economise fuel.
In carrying out this Invention in practise where several boilers are worked
in concert; one or more of the series is converted into a water-heater
for the supply of the rest of the boilers with hot water. This water-
beating boiler, which may conveniently be the central boiler of the set,
is heated by the flues of all the others, the heated currents from all the
flues and furnaces of the other boilers being caused to pass round and through
this heating boiler. In this way the combined waste heat from all the really
working steam boilers is turned to economical effect, in imparting a high

page_text: <degree of heat to the feed water for the entire set, which is to be taken from
this water-heating boiler. The whole of the cold water employed in raising
steam is forced into the heating boiler, which is always kept entirely full of
As this water becomes heated, the hottest portion obviously rises to
the top, where there is an elevated dome, or hot water receiver, fitted with a
safety valve and, thermometer. This dome supplies all the working steam
boilers by a pipe branching from it, and diverging to the lower part of cach
boiler. In cases where the number of boilers working together does not
warrant the special arrangement hercin-before described it may be necessary
to construct a water-heating boiler or chamber. With this general arrange-
ment a very considerable economy in the consumption of fuel is secured.
DIECIN
pursuance or the conditions of the Letters Patent,, hled
by the said George Cranstoun Trotter Cranstoun, George Young; and
John Lovell in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th July 1857:
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, ie, GEORGE
CRANSTOUN TROTTER CRANSTOUN, of Chirnside Bridge, in the County of Berwick,
North Britain, Paper Maker, GEORGE YOUNG, of Dunse, in the same County,
Plumber, and JonN LOVELL, of Chirnside Bridge, in the same County, Paper
Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent. Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her
reign,idid, for Herself, Her heirs and successors; give and grant unto us, the
said George. Cranstoun Trotter Cranstoun, George Young, and John Lovell,
Her special license that we, the said George Cranstoun Trotter Cranstoun;
George Young, and, John Lovell, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said George Cranstoun Trotter Cranstoun, George
Young, and John Lovell, our executors, administrators, or, assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use,..exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland; the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE
NENTS; IN GENERATING STEAM," upon the condition (amongst others) that we,
the said George Cranstoun Trotter Cranstoun;. "George. Young, and John
Lovell, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or; under the
hand and seal of one of us, should particulary describe and; ascertain, the

page_text: nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was. to. be. per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW. YE, that we, the said George Cranstoun Trotter. Cran
stoun, George Young, and John Lovell, do hereby declare the nature of our
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to bo
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
in writing, that is to say :-
Our said Invention relates to the employment of what would otherwise be
the waste heat of steam boiler furnaces and flues for heating the supply or
feed water of steam boilers, so as greatly to economise fuel..
In carrying out this Invention in practice, where several boilers are
worked in concert, one or more of the series is converted into a water-
heater for the supply of the rest of the boilers. with hot water. This
water-heating boiler, which may conveniently be the central boiler of the
set, is heated by the flues of all the others, the heated currents from all
the flues and furnaces of the other boilers being caused to pass round and
through this heating boiler. In this way the combined waste heat from all the
really working steam boilers is turned to economical effect, in imparting a high
degree of heat to the feed water for the entire set, which is to be taken from
this water-heating boiler. The whole of the cold water employed in raising
steam is forced into the heating boiler, which is always kept. entirely full of
water. As this water becomes licated, the hottest portion obviously rises to
the top, where there is an elevated dome, or hot-water receiver, fitted withi
a safety valve and thermometer. This dome supplies all the working steami
boilers by à pipe branching from it, and diverging to the lower part of cach
boiler. In cases where the number of boilers working. together does not
warrant the special arrangement herein-before described it may be necessary
to construct a water-heating boilor or chamber. With this general arrange
iment. a very considerable economy in the consumption of fuel is secured...
And in order that our said Invention may be properly understood, we will
now proceed to describe. certain modifications of the same in detail for tho
purpose of showing in what manner the same may be judiciously carried out
in practice. The object of our Invention is to economise and apply to practical
and useful purposes what would otherwise be waste heat. arising: from the
furnaces of steam boilers.
In the modification of our Invention hereinafter, described, the heated
gaseous matters which are, ordinarily, allowed to escape into, the; flues are

page_text: applied to the purpose of heating the feed water for the supply of steam
boilers, or other purposes where hot water is required. In the furnaces of
steam boilers, the heated gaseous matters arising from the combustion of the
fuel, after passing round or through, are carried through the flue or flues into
the shaft, and escape from thence into the atmosphere. These gaseous matters
as they emerge from the flue or flues are in a highly-heated state, and their
being allowed to pass off without yielding up their heat is equivalent to the
loss of so much fuel. To avoid this wasteful expenditure, we cause the heated
matters to pass round and through a supplementary boiler, from which boiler
we supply the feed water to those boilers used for raising steam.
In one modification of our Invention, where several boilers are required for
the supply of steam, we prefer the supplementary or water-heating boiler to be
placed in the centre of the group, or employ one of the series of boilers. The
flues of the several furnaces which surround the central or water-heating
boiler are made to converge towards the flue of the central boiler. The
flue of the central or water-heating boiler serves as a duct to bring the
gaseous heated matters of the surrounding furnaces in contact with the surface
of the supplementary or water-heating boiler. This flue or duct of the
supplementary boiler may either pass round or through the boiler, or round
and through the boiler, or along the sides, and above and beneath the
boiler; or if the boiler be made multitubular, the heated matters or a portion
of them may be allowed to pass through the tubes, or in any other convenient
'manner. The supplementary or water-heating boiler is kept filled with
water by means of a force pump, its office being to supply hot water to the
boilers used for raising steam. The entire quantity of water required for
the supply of the various boilers used for raising steam is in the first instance
pumped into the supplementary boiler, where it is heated.
The upper
part of the supplementary or water-heating boiler, is furnished with a dome
or receiver, into which the hottest and lighter portion of the water ascends.
The dome or receiver is fitted with a thermometer for readily ascertaining
the temperature of the water, and with a safety valve, by means of which
the pressure, and consequently the temperature of the water, may be regulated.
The hot water for the supply of the steam boilers is conveyed from the
dome or receiver by means of a pipe which branches therefrom. The hot
water supply pipe communicates with a number of diverging pipes, corre-
sponding in number to that of the boilers in use; these pipes enter the several
boilers at the lower part of each, and serve to convey the heated feed water
thereto; any steam that may be generated in the supplementary boiler is sent
into the steam boilers along with the feed water. Where the number of boilers

page_text: in use are insufficient to warrant one being converted into the supplementary
or water-heating boiler, an additional boiler or chamber may be employed.
This water-heating chamber may be fitted between the furnace or furnaces
of the steam boiler and the main chimney or shaft, so that the heat of the
gascous matters may be imparted to the water-heating chamber before they
pass off into the chimney or shaft. By means of these arrangements,. or
modifications of the same, the otherwise waste heat of the furnaces of steam
boilers is usefully applied, and the consumption of fuel greatly lessened.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, we may observe, in conclusion, that we do not confine or restrict
ourselves to the precise details or arrangements which we have had occasion to
describe or refer to, as many variations may be made therefrom without
deviating from the principles or main features of our Invention; and there-
fore claim, as the Invention secured to us by the herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent, is,-.
First, the system or mode of economising and applying to useful purposes
the otherwise waste heat of the furnaces of steam boilers, as herein-before
described.
Second, the arrangement and application of a supplementary or water-
heating boiler for the supply of heated feed water to boilers, as herein-before
described.
Third, the arrangement and application of a chamber or heating vessel
heated by means of the heated gaseous matters which are ordinarily allowed
to escape into the atmosphere unused, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Young, on behalf of the said
George Cranstoun Trotter Cranstoun, myself, and the said John
Lovell, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of
July, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.