IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLING IRON;
Year: 1850

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES,
HARRATT, of Royal Exchange Buildings, in the City of London, Merchant,.
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-eighth day of
September (One thousand eight hundred and fifty), in the fourteenth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs, and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Charles Harratt, my exors, admors, and assigns, Her
especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said
Charles Harratt, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Charles Harratt, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term.
of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLING IRON;" in which said Letters Patent
is contained a proviso, that I, the said Charles Harratt, shall cause a particular
description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to.
be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six, calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more
fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Charles Harratt, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to
the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon,
that is to say:
The Invention has for its object the manufacture of wrought iron by rolling
out iron piled by winding bars or rods around other bars or rods, thus laying
the grain in more varied directions than has heretofore been done, thereby
increasing the strength of the manufactured iron.
And in order that my said Invention, and the manner in which the same is
to be performed, may be most fully understood and readily carried into effect,
I will proceed to describe the means pursued by me.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shews a plan, Figure 2 a vertical section, of the machine; Figure
13 is a 'transverse section, and Figure 4 is a front'elevation thereof. In 'these
Figures 'the same letters of reference are used to indicate the same parts. a, a,
is the framing of the machine, the nature of which will readily be traced on
examining the Drawings; bis the main or driving shaft, on which is fixed the
cog wheel c, which receives 'motion from a steam engine or other power.
On
the other end of the axis b is fixed the 'disc'd, on the face of which is fixed
the pin 'or driver 'd'. is a screw axis turning in a bearing in the end
framing of the machine; the inner ends of the axes b, 61, are conical, as shewn,
and act as centres to support the series of bars or rods'e, e, the centre bar or
rod being shorter than the others in order that the conical ends of the axes
b, b', may enter and support them, so that the combined series of bars e,fe,
may rotate freely with the axis or shaft b, and the bars e, e, are to be bound
together by a band of iron or wire at each end; f is a lever sliding freely on
the bar g; and f¹ is a guide on the lever f; to guide the bar or rod h
which is being wound on the bars' e, e, and which comes hot from the rollers
as it is made, or otherwise, and is laid in successive coils side by side on the
bars or rods e, e, which are arranged and held in a suitable position for re-
ceiving such coils; 'and 'in this manner may one or more layers of coils be
obtained, and 'in this manner' may a mass of iron be made into what may be
called a pile or faggot, and which is thèn'to' be heated, hammered, and rolled
into the desired form of bar or plate; and it will be evident that by this mode
of piling or faggotting the grain will be laid in very varied directions. The
rod or bar h which is to be coiled is conducted over the guide, which travels

page_text: or slides on the side framing, as shown, then under the guide f¹ on the lever f,
and the end is held securely by 'the screw clamp, which embraces the series
of bars or rods e, e, all which will be readily understood on examining the
Drawings. The pin or driver d' in its revolution comes in contact with the
clamp j, hence when the axis birotates it will cause the series of longitudinal
rods or bars e, e, to rotate and to wind coils of the other bar or rod h.around
them, the bar or-rod h so wound in coils being moved progressively, the
workman guiding it by the aid of the lever,f,and guide i, 2, .being a lever
carried by the guide i, which is held down by the workman over the bar h
whilst the coiling takes place to keep it in its proper position; and when the
winding-on has been accomplished to the full extent in one direction the
course of the winding must be reversed, .and.so on, till the desired extent of
coiling has been obtained, and the angle at which the coils are laid on the bars
e, e, may be governed and varied by the moveable guide plate carried by a
screw pin on the guide i. Figure 5 shews an end view, and Figure 6 a longi-
tudinal view, of a piled or faggotted mass according to my Invention, in which
there are seven cylindrical rods or bars of the same size wound round with
several layers or coils of a rod or bar of a cylindrical form; but the forms of
the bars both interior and exterior of the pile or faggot may be varied, and the
number of the interior rods and coils may be varied, as shown at Figures 7, 8,
9, 10, and 11; Figures 9 and 10 shewing a faggot formed by a number of
hexagon bars in the centre with flat bars coiled around them; and Figure 11
shews a faggot suitable for rolling into railway bars, the interior being com-
posed of flat bars having other flat bars coiled around them. Figure 12 shows
a side, and Figure 13 an edge view, of one of the clamps j used for holding
the ends of the rods or bars h when the coiling of each bar is commenced.
•
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which
the same is to be performed, I would state that I am aware that rods have
before been coiled in the manufacture of barrels for fire-arms, I do not there-
fore claim the same; but what I claim is the manufacture of iron by rolling
rods or bars piled or faggotted as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Harratt, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentieth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-one.
CHARLES (L.S.) HARRATT.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twentieth day of March,
in the
year of our Lord 1851, the aforesaid Charles Harratt came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-seventh day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-one.