Improvements in Means for Holding Hinged and Sliding Windows or Sashes.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 21st July, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 21st Apr., 1893-Accepted, 15th July, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Means for Holding Hinged and Sliding Windows
or Sashes.
I HENRY BALL of 14 Vauxhall Street, Blackley, Manchester in the County
of Lancaster, Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows, that is to say :-
The object of my invention is to mount sliding sashes or hinged windows in such
a manner that they may be more freely raised or lowered and moved about their
hinges for cleaning or other purposes than they have been heretofore.
To attain this object in the case of sliding sashes I attach one end of a strip of
india-rubber to each edge of the lower sash and carry same over a
pulley fixed in
the framework above the meeting position of these sashes so that one sash is thereby
enabled to counterbalance the other.
By the employment of these strips of india-rubber any extra or independent
movement of either of the sashes is freely allowed and that without the whole of
the weight of such sash being placed upon the person so moving it.
The framework in which the sashes slide is arranged by the binding beads being
mounted on spring hinges so that they (said sashes) may be entirely removed
therefrom on said beads being turned outwardly on their hinges, while when said
beads are in their ordinary positions their springs hold them sufficiently firm to
properly maintain said sashes.
Although the strips of india-rubber may be rectangular in cross section, yet I
preferably have them of cylindrical form, and their outer ends which are for
attachment to the sashes, I form into spherical shape so that by the employment
of an appropriate metal attachment a kind of ball-and-socket joint is formed at
each of such attachments thereby the swivelling of the sashes is secured without
injuring the india-rubber.
On the meeting rail of the lower sash I mount a rod or shaft carrying at each
of its extremities a ratchet gearing with a rack mounted on the upper sash. These
ratchets are under the control of springs which always tend to push them into gear
with their racks, so that by suitable finger pieces or handles on the rod being
pulled in one direction these ratchets are moved out of gear for the sash to
descend, but on said handles being released the ratchets spring into position and so
prevent further descent, although at all times said sash may be freely raised.
In the case of hinged windows my invention is most especially applicable to
those known as fan lights and which are hinged by their bottom edges, and to
these hinged windows I apply my strips of india-rubber formed as above described,
one end of each strip being fixed to the framework while the other is fixed to the
hinged window. The arrangement of ball and socket joint freely allowing the
swivelling of said window while by a rack and ratchet arrangement it (said
window) may be adjusted to be open to any desired distance.
Dated the 16th day of June 1892.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Means for Holding Hinged and Sliding Windows
or Sashes.
I, HENRY BALL of 14 Vauxhall Street, Blackley, Manchester in the County)
of Lancaster, Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, that is to say :-
The object of my invention is to mount sliding sashes, or hinged windows in such
a manner that they may be more freely raised or lowered and moved about their
hinges for cleaning or other purposes than they have been heretofore.
In order that my said invention may be more readily understood and carried
into effect I have hereunto appended sheets of drawings illustrative thereof, to
which, by figures and letters, reference is made in the following description :-
Fig. is front elevation of sliding sashes and framework to which my improved
means are applied, said means being shown as closed.
Fig. 2 is vertical section of parts shown by Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a similar view to Fig. 1 but shows the sashes and other parts open.
Fig. 4 is a similar view to Fig. 2 but shows one of the sashes drawn out of its
vertical position.
Fig. 5 is also a similar view to Fig. 1 but shows another arrangement of my
improved parts.
Fig. 6 is vertical section of parts shown by Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a drawing in detail, enlarged scale, illustrative of my improved method
of fixing of certain parts to the sliding sashes or hinged windows as hereinafter
described.
Figs. 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 are front and sectional views, enlarged scale, illus-
trating in detail modified methods of attachments of certain parts when formed as
hereinafter described.
Figs. 13 and 14, and 15, 16, and 17 are front and side elevations illustrative of
means for fastening sliding sashes.
Figs. 18 and 19 illustrate a formation of hinge for hinging the beads or sliding
sashes' retaining pieces.
Fig. 20 is illustrative of my improved means as applied to a hinged window.
Similar letters and figures of reference indicate similar parts throughout the
several views.
To attain the object of my invention in connection with sliding sashes I attach
the ends a¹ and a² (Fig. 4) of a strip of india-rubber a to the edges b' and c' of the
sashes and c.
This india-rubber, which is preferably covered with some kind of fibrous material
or fabric to prevent undue stretching, is made to pass over a pulley d fixed in the
framework e above the meeting positions of the sashes b and c so that one sash is
thereby enabled to counterbalance the other.
By the employment of these strips of india-rubber any extra or independent
movement of either of the sashes is freely allowed such as moving same into the
position shown by Fig. 4 and that without the whole of the weight of such sash
being placed upon the person so moving it. By continuing the groove w (which
is formed in the edges of the sashes b and c for the purpose of receiving the
suspending cords in the well known manner) throughout the entire length of said
edges instead of only to the point of attachment of the cord or strip a, these
sashes may be completely turned inside out and placed into position in their
framework so that the object of cleaning may be effected with perfect security
such movements being enabled by the employment of the attachment hereinbefore
described and as illustrated by Fig. 7.
The framework e in which the sashes b and c slide, is arranged by the binding

page_text: beads ff being mounted upon spring hinges g, so that these beads ff may be
turned from holding said sashes b and c in position in order to allow same to be
removed as shown by Fig. 4, and such hinges g are made of the detachable parts gl
and gas shown by Figs. 18 and 19, the part g' spanning or taking over the part g2
but having a lateral opening 93 in its hooked part by which means when they are
moved into the relative positions shown by Fig. 18, on the bead f to which the
part g' is attached, being raised or moved at right angles to the plane in which it
moves about its pivotal pin said part gl is slided upon the part g2 until it is finally
free from it, while the spring g' is employed for holding the part g' both in its open
and closed positions.
Although the strips of india-rubber a may be rectangular in cross section, yet I
preferably have them of cylindrical form, or they may be of rectangular shape
when not shrunk or held by the fibrous or flexible material, since the encircling of
such shape of india-rubber with this material brings it into the desired shape. The
outer ends a¹ and a² of these strips a are formed of spherical shape so that by the
employment of an appropriate metal attachment h (see Fig. 7) a kind of ball and
socket joint is formed at each of such attachments whereby the swivelling of the
sashes b and c is secured without injuring the india-rubber a, the swivelling move-
ments of said sashes being further allowed by the pivotal projections and h²
formed on said part h. Or when the ends of this india-rubber are straight, the
cam piece k (see Fig. 11) might be employed, such cam piece when placed into
the position shown by said Fig. 11, thoroughly effecting such attachments. Or
again this hinged cam piece k may be formed as shown by Figs. 8, 9, 10 and 12
as all or any of them form or forms an efficient holder for said india-rubber.
On the meeting rail m of the sash b, I mount a rod or shaft n, which preferably
passes through said rail m, carrying at each of its extremities a ratchet o gearing
with a rack mounted upon the upper sash c. These ratchets o are under the
control of the springs q attached to the operating lever r. such springs always
tending to push these ratchets o into gear with their racks p, so that by suitable
handle parts being formed on said levers r, on the rod n being moved by said
handle parts in one direction these ratchets o are moved out of gear with their
racks p by which the sash c is allowed to descend; but on said handles r¹ being
released or liberated the ratchets are forced by the springs q into position and so
prevent further descent, although at all times said sashe may be freely raised.
By the ratchets o being mounted to operate independently of each other, the
rod being dispensed with, and their outer ends o being of an incline shape as
shown, by turning these ratchets so that said incline part is in the opposite direction
to that shown in the drawings, the sash c is allowed to fall by gravity its arrest at
any position being secured by turning said ratchets o within their bearings (which
are formed to allow such movement) so that their outer ends will engage with their
respective racks.
Instead of the ratchets o being made to rotate longitudinally within their bearings
as above described the ratchets s may be formed and hinged to their bearings as
shown by Figs. 14, 16 and 17, in which case a supplementary ratchet s' is mounted
thereon, having a spring t attached to it so as to cause or tend to cause it at all
times to engage with the notch u¹ formed on its said bearings u.
In the case of hinged windows my invention is most especially applicable to
those known as fan lights and which are hinged by their bottom edges as shown by
Fig. 20, and to these hinged windows v I apply my strips of india-rubber a formed
as above described, one end a¹ of each strip being fixed to the framework e while
the other is fixed to the hinged window v. The arrangement of ball and socket
joint as shown by Fig. freely allowing the swivelling of said window v, while
by the employment of any of the well known rack and ratchet arrangements at
present in use, it (said window v) may be adjusted to be open to any desired
distance.
This method of fixing one of the ends of the strip of india-rubber a to the
framework e and the other to the window may be followed in mounting sliding

page_text: sashes as shown by Figs. 5 and 6 in which case the pulleys d are dispensed
with, and each sash is suspended by its own pieces of india-rubber and is entirely
independent of the other.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.-
1. In the mounting of hinged windows or sliding sashes the combination of strips
of india-rubber and means for attaching same to said hinged windows or sliding
sashes substantially as herein set forth and described.
2. The combination of rack and ratchet mechanism formed and arranged as set
forth, with sliding sashes and means for supporting same substantially as specified.
3. The method of forming the framework in which sliding sashes are mounted,
so that same shall allow their detachment such method of formation being followed
in using spring hinges constructed as herein specified.
4. The combination of sliding sashes having grooves formed throughout the
entire length of their edges with means for supporting said sashes and swivelling
attachments for securing said supporting means substantially as set forth.
ויז
13000
HENRY BALL,
Per Samuel Hey,
Agent.
HENRY BALL,
Per Samuel Hey,
Agent.