Improvements in Apparatus for Heating Water in Baths and other Vessels.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 11th July, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 10th Apr., 1890-Accepted, 10th May, 1890
Improvements in Apparatus for Heating Water in Baths and
other Vessels.
1. JAMES REILLY, of 229 and 230, West Street, in the City and State of New
York, United States of America, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to apparatus for heating water in baths and other vessels, and
is designed to improve the construction of the same.
Heretofore it has been usual to employ amongst others the following methods for
heating the water in baths, and other vessels, ris. By admitting steam from any
available source of supply through a suitable pipe directly into the water to be
heated.
By means of a device placed in the bath itself, and in which the steam intended to
heat the water in the said bath is caused to circulate through a suitable casing, or by
means of a device placed in connection with the water supply pipe to the said bath,
and comprising a suitable chamber or casing connected at one extremity to the said
water supply, and at the other extremity to the bath and in which is placed a coil or
coils of pipe through which live steam from any available source of supply, is caused
to circulate so as to heat the water in the said chamber or casing.
These arrangements are objectionable for the following amongst other reasons.
That is to say In the first case, there is a liability of grease, rust and other
impurities being admitted to the water in the bath along with the steam from the
boiler, an objectionable noise is occasioned by the sudden condensation of the injected
steam into the cold water in the said bath, and moreover a considerable amount of
steam is usually discharged into the atmosphere of the bath room when the water
rises in temperature, and is unable to condense the steam with sufficient rapidity to
prevent it from rising to the surface of the said water and being there liberated.
The second arrangement above mentioned is objectionable owing to the amount of
space which the device takes up in the bath. This space is moreover increased by a
guard or shield which it has been found necessary in practice to place over the said
device, in order to obviate any chance of the occupant of the bath being burned by
coming in contact therewith.
In the last mentioned case should the supply of water be turned off from the bath
and the steam supply to the coil be left on, or should there be any leakage of steam
past the stop-cock or valve for cutting off the said supply of steam to the coil, the
supply water may become heated, and in some cases considerable damage and danger
result therefrom.
By my invention I obviate these defects, and provide safe and efficient means for
rapidly heating the water in a bath or other vessel, by means of an apparatus placed
upon the outside thereof.
In carrying my said invention into practice, I provide a suitable outer casing which
is connected to the side of the bath in such a manner as to permit the water from the
said bath (when water is admitted to the latter) entering freely therein through two
admission apertures placed one at either oxtremity thereof. The said outer casing is
preferably placed in an oblique direction, that is to say, one of the admission
apertures from the said bath to the interior of the said outer casing is placed at a
higher level than the other, thus securing the establishment of a circulation of water
from the bath through the said outer casing, when the water in the latter is heated in
the manner hereinafter described.
I prefer to connect the above-mentioned outer casing to the bath by means of
flanged ferrules, which pass through holes provided in the side of the said bath, and

page_text: screw into sockets provided upon the said outer casing. To screw these ferrules in
position I provide them with internal screw-threads adapted to receive the screw-
threaded extremity of a tool for that purpose. Upon the said sockets upon the outer
casing are provided moreover, collars between which and the side of the bath are
placed washers of india-rubber or other suitable material, which when the herein-
before mentioned flanged ferrules are screwed firmly in position, are pressed against
the side of the said bath so as to form tight joints. After the removal of the tool
employed for screwing the above mentioned flanged ferrules in position, the internal
screw-threads may serve for securing roses, or perforated plates in the apertures
thereof. In the hereinbefore described outer casing is placed a tube of smaller
diameter than the said outer casing. This tube extends through the said outer casing
at one extremity, but stops short of the other extremity thereof, the casing and tube
are preferably brazed or welded together where the latter passes through the said
casing and the other extremity of the said tube situated within the outer casing
is closed. Suitable steadying pins or other means are moreover provided at the
closed extremity of the said internal tube for maintaining it firmly in position in
the said outer casing. Into this first internal tube passes another or second internal
tube, which is brazed or welded to the said first internal tube where it passes through
the same.
One extremity of this tube is open and lea 's up to within a short distance
of the closed extremity of the first internal tube and is also provided with suitable
steadying pins, and the other extremity thereof is connected to any suitable source
of steam supply. In the above mentioned portion of the first internal tube which
projects beyond or outside the said outer casing is provided a suitable union or
socket which is connected by means of a return pipe with the condenser, or with
any other suitable means for utilizing the waste steam from the apparatus, or otherwise
disposing of the same.
It will be seen that the water from the bath has free access to the space provided
between the outer casing, and the first internal tube, through the herein before
mentioned admission apertures. The steam admitted through the steam supply pipe
passes up the second internal pipe and is discharged through the open or free
extremity of the said second internal pipe, and returns along the outside of the
latter by the space provided between the second and first internal pipes, and is then
discharged or carried away by the hereinbefore mentioned return pipe provided in the
projecting extremity of the said first internal pipe. The water in the aforesaid space
between the outer casing and the first, internal pipe is thus rapidly heated, and owing
to the said casing being placed obliquely, as bereinbefore mentioned, the water in the
bath is caused to circulate through the said space, and is rapidly heated.
A suitable stop-cock or valve is provided for cutting off the supply of steam to the
device when desired.
I prefer to construct the above described outer casing, and internal tubes of copper,
but any other suitable metal may he employed.
My apparatus moreover serves for the purpose of raising the temperature of the
bath room.
Although I have hereinbefore described a convenient and advantageous method of
carrying my said invention into practice, it is obvious that I can somewhat modify
the construction of my apparatus without however in any way departing from the
nature of my said invention.
1

page_text: manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to apparatus for heating water in baths and other vessels,
and comprises a water jacket or casing communicating at its opposite ends with the
bath and enclosing steam inlet and return pipes, the object being to establish a
circulation of the water from the bath through said casing until the action of the
steam shall have imparted the desired temperature to the said water after which the
steam may be turned off.
Heretofore it has been usual to employ amongst others, the following methods for
heating the water in baths and other vessels viz.:-by admitting steam from any
available source of supply through a suitable pipe directly into the water to be
heated.
By means of a device placed in the bath itself, and in which the steam intended to
heat the water in the said bath is caused to circulate through a suitable casing.
Or by means of a device placed in connection with the water supply pipe to the
said bath and comprising a suitable chamber or casing connected at one extremity to
the said water supply and at the other extremity to the bath, and in which is placed
a coil or coils of pipe through which live steam from any available source of supply is
caused to circulate, so as to heat the water in the said chamber or casing.
These arrangements are objectionable for the following amongst other reasons, that
is to say: In the first case, there is a liability of grease, rust and other impurities
being admitted to the water in the bath along with the steam from the boiler, an
objectionable noise is occasioned by the sudden condensation of the injected steam
into the cold water in the said bath, and moreover, a considerable amount of steam is
usually discharged into the atmosphere of the bath-room when the water rises in
temperature, and is unable to condense the steam with sufficient rapidity to prevent
it from rising to the surface of the said water and being there liberated.
The second arrangement above mentioned is objectionable owing to the amount of
space which the device takes up in the bath. This space is moreover increased by a
guard or shield which it has been found necessary in practice to place over the said
device in order to obviate any chance of the occupant of the bath being burned by
coming in contact therewith."
In the last mentioned case, should the supply of water be turned off from the bath
and the steam supply to the coil be left on, or should there be any leakage
of steam past the stop-cock or valve for cutting off the said supply of steam to the
coil, the supply water may become heated, and in some cases considerable damage
and danger result therefrom.
By my invention I obviate these defects, and provide safe and efficient means for
rapidly heating the water in a bath or other vessel by means of an apparatus placed
upon the outside thereof which apparatus is hereinafter fully described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawings in which,
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a bath with my invention applied thereto.
Figure 2 is a top view, partly in section, of the bath, the apparatus constituting
the invention being shown in section on the dotted line 2, 2 of Figure 1, and
Figure 3 is an enlarged vertical section on the dotted line 3, 3 of Figure 2 showing
the invention in cross section with the means of attaching it to the bath.
A designates the bath tub; B the water casing; the inlet pipe for steam, and
Dthe return steam pipe. The casing B is provided in its side and adjacent to its ends
with the openings E, F, the flanges G surrounding said openings being preferably
brazed to the internally and externally threaded sleeves H carrying the threaded
nuts I on their exterior and receiving the ferrules J, through which the water from
the tub circulates into and from the casing B. The side of the bath A is provided
with apertures a, a, through which the ferrules J are passed from the inner side of
he bath when it is desired to screw them into the sleeve H, and the outer ends of
aid ferrules are provided with flanges K which have a bearing against the inner
urface of the bath. Between the nuts and the outer surface of the bath are

page_text: provided flexible washers I, for ensuring the formation of a tight joint around the
apertures a, a.
The
The casing B is arranged at an oblique angle to the horizontal plane of the
bath A in order to facilitate the circulation of the water from the said bath into
and from the casing during the use of the invention for heating the water.
casing B is circular in cross section and is closed at its ends, the mouth end of the
casing being preferably brazed to the exterior surface of the intermediate or return
pipe D, as shown in Figure 2, which projects outward beyond said end of said
casing and is closed at its ends, the steam being permitted to escape therefrom
through the discharge pipe N. The outer end of the return pipe D for steam is
brazed to the coupling P, which at its outer end will be connected with a suitable
source of steam supply, and at its inner end is in direct communication with the
interior steam pipe C, which is within and smaller in diameter than the return
pipe D. The inner end of the steam pipe C is open and delivers the steam into the
inner end of the pipe D, whence the steam returns along the outer sides of the
pipe C and escapes through the pipe N. The steam pipes are supported at their
inner ends by means of steadying pins Q which maintain the relative positions of
said tubes.
In the use of the invention the live steam from some suitable source is admitted to
the pipe C, while the water from the bath fills the casing B around the pipe D ;
the steam passes down the pipe C and returns on the outer side of said pipe and
within the pipe D to the escape pipe N, the effect being that the pipe D becoming
heated imparts heat to the water in the casing B, and the water becoming heated
creates a circulation in the bath toward and from the heating devices. After the
water has acquired the desired temperature the steam may be cut off from the pipe C
by means of a suitable stop cock.
I prefer to construct the above described outer casing, and internal tubes of copper,
but any other suitable metal may be employed.
My apparatus morcover may serve the purpose of raising the temperature of the
bath room.
Although have shown and described a convenient way of carrying my said
invention into practice, it is obvious that I can somewhat modify the construction
of my apparatus without however in any way departing from the nature of my said
invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. The combination with a bath of surface steam-heating pipes and an
enclosing casing connected with said bath; substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
Second. The water casing connected with the bath and communicating therewith
through apertures in its side, combined with the steam inlet and return pipes within
said casing, and a discharge pipe; substantially as set forth.
Third. The water casing connected with the bath by means of the sleeves and
ferrules, combined with the inlet steam pipe C and return pipe D; substantially as
set forth.
Fourth. The water casing placed at an oblique angle and communicating with the
bath through apertures in its side, combined with the surface steam heating pipes
within said casing; substantially as set forth.
Dated this 10th day of April 1890.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.