Improvements in Petroleum Cooking Stoves.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Jan., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 27th Oct., 1890-Accepted, 29th Nov., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by OLIVER PROUST, of No. 6, Boulevard de Strasbourg,
Paris, Manufacturer.]
Improvements in Petroleum Cooking Stoves.
I, HENRY HARINGTON LEIGH, Fel. Inst. P.A., Assoc. M. Inst. C.E., practising
as Phillips & Leigh, of No. 22, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, W.C., in
the County of Middlesex, Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in petroleum cooking stoves, and its objects
is to effect a better utilisation of the calorific energy of the hydrocarbon fuel, greater
safety during use, increased cleanliness and handiness.
In petroleum cooking stoves as usually made, the heat is produced by the com-
bustion at the top of the burner, which latter has been made, like the oil reservoir,
of metal. As metal is a very good conductor of heat, the petroleum becomes heated;
and in certain cases vaporised. This vaporisation has sometimes led up to an
explosion.
According to the present invention, the reservoir is of an annular shape in plan,
and the wick-holder, or thimble, adapted to slide upon the central tube. A screw,
working through the end of a lever linked to the holder within the reservoir, is
provided for the purpose of regulating the height of the wick. The burner tube is
made of porcelain, as is also the cover of the reservoir. This entirely covers the
reservoir to which it is fixed by a suitable metal ring.
'The bottom of the cover is closed in and the air for combustion is admitted to the
central tube through holes in the side of the cover.
The burner is of porcelain and fixed to the said metal ring. Any other suitable
non-conducting material may be used for both reservoir and burner. The usual
baffle is fixed above the burner.
There is left a certain air-space between the reservoir and the cover above
mentioned.
The body of the stove is supported above the burner by suitable pillars, but instead
of being fast upon them, it is hinged to one pair in such a way that it can be turned
over or detached therefrom, so as to afford easy access to the burner and reservoir.
The chimney is carried upon a nozzle projecting from the side of the body, upon
which nozzle it is made to fit tightly by friction only. Both body and chimney are
provided with sighting orifices. The one on the chimney is provided with a mica
cover adapted to slide in grooves or returns formed in the material of the sides of the
orifice.
There is formed in the bottom of the body, and over and around the burner, a
ring of holes through which currents of air can flow for the purpose of preventing
the sheet metal of the body becoming too hot. These currents becoming heated
accordingly return and increase the temperature of the flame by entering into com-
bustion therein.
T: 0711
T1900

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Petroleum Cooking Stoves.
I, HENRY HARINGTON LEIGH, Fel. Inst. P.A., Assoc. M. Inst. C.E., practising as
Phillips & Leigh, of No. 22, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, W.C., in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in petroleum cooking stoves; and its object
is to effect a better utilisation of the calorific energy of the hydrocarbon fuel, greater
safety during use, and increased cleanliness and handiness.
The accompanying drawings are to be taken as part of the Specification and read
therewith. They illustrate a petroleum cooking stove provided with all the improve-
ments which are the subject of my invention; and which improvements, I wish to
point out, may be used either singly or in combination without going outside the
scope of the said invention.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section.
Fig. 2 is a plan of the stove omitting the body.
Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the chimney, and illustrates the method of fixing the
mica plate.
Fig. 4 is a sectional plan on the line a-b of Fig. 1.
It is well known that in petroleum cooking stoves, the heat produced by the com-
bustion is developed at the level of the upper part of the burner, which, up to the
present time, it has been the custom to make, like the rest of the lower part of the
stove, ie., the reservoir, of metal. As this material is a good conductor of heat,
the petroleum is raised in temperature accordingly to such an extent, in some cases,
that vaporization has been set up, leading to explosion.
The construction next described has been invented to remedy the above mentioned
risk of accident.
A is the metal reservoir: B, the central tube, and C, the thimble movable upon
the said tube by means of the screw-device_D. E, is a porcelain casing connected
with or to the reservoir A by a collar F (of copper or other suitable material)
soldered to the reservoir, and burred over or otherwise attached to the casing E.
G is the burner, also of porcelain or other equivalent non-conducting material.
It is constructed in such a way that it will take a firm hold upon the collar F in
which it is shown as fitting tightly, H is the well known baffle, I is a plate adapted
to enclose a non-conducting layer of air. The air for combustion reaches the flame
through the perforations J and the central tube B. This air, it will be observed,
being confined within the double casing E I, completely surrounds the reservoir and
so increases its isolation.
It is evident that, if circumstances require it, my method of atmospheric isolation
may be confined to the burner G without departing from my invention, but I prefer,
not only from considerations of the utility of isolation but also from considerations
of cleanliness, to employ the double casing enclosing a body of air isolating the
reservoir from it.
K, K, K, K are pillars adapted to support the body L of the stove which it will be
noticed no longer rests upon the reservoir access to which was, at any rate to any
practical extent, thereby rendered impossible. The circular support heretofore used
is thus by the present invention abolished.
For the purpose of always providing access to the wick and to the burner, the
stove body is hinged to the pillars, so that it can be swung into the position indicated
by the dotted lines. The hinge-mechanism consists of a spindle fast to the
legs N, N and having its bearings in lateral extensions of a pair of the pillars K, K.
The spindle O is made so that it can be withdrawn from its bearings whenever it is
desirable that the body L should be detached from the reservoir.

page_text: P is a sight hole made in the stove body, and P1, a second one in the chimney.
The said chimney, instead of being as has hitherto been the practice, rivetted to
the body of the stove, or attached thereto by means of a bayonet joint (which latter
means is objectionable as it interferes so seriously with the cleaning) is made to
merely engage tightly by simple friction upon an upright nozzle R rivetted upon
the bottom of the stove body. The chimney can then be easily lifted off the nozzle
for cleaning the bottom of the body.
S is a plate of mica exposing the wick to inspection. This is, as shewn in Fig. 3,
held by two rebates U U instead of by a frame rivetted to the chimney. These two
rebates are formed out of the material of the chimney where the sight hole P¹ is
formed, thereby effecting an economy in cost of production.
V, V are holes in the bottom of the body. They stand in a circle concentric with
the burner, their function is to prevent rapid destruction, by heat, of that part of the
body close to the flame, by passing currents of air caused by the heating of the plate
of the bottom through them, and thereby maintaining it at a reasonable heat. These
holes are made, it will be noticed, very near to the burner. They are so placed for
two reasons; first, that they may more effectually assist in keeping the material cool ;
and second, that the currents of air heated in their passage through them may return
into the flame, and, by promoting the combustion going on there, increase its
heating power. That it does so, experience with this invention amply demonstrates.
X is a filling screw.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,
1. In petroleum cooking stoves, the use of a burner made of a material which is a
bad conductor of heat, such as porcelain or glass, in combination, or not, with a
double casing of similar material to that of the burner surrounding the petroleum
reservoir, the said casing being separated from the reservoir on all sides so as to
provide for an intermediate body of air, as set forth.
2. In petroleum cooking stoves, the construction hereinbefore described and
illustrated, adapted to allow the body of the stove to be carried by four pillars
(instead of by a circular support) to one pair of which it is hinged, as and for the
purpose set forth.
3. In petroleum cooking stoves, the application of a chimney engaging with a
vertical nozzle by simple friction to facilitate its removal, as set forth.
4. In petroleum cooking stoves, fixing a plate of transparent material over the
sight hole of the chimney by engaging it in a pair of rebates formed upon the sides
of the sight hole out of the material of the chimney, as and for the purpose set forth.
5. In petroleum cooking stoves, the combination with the bottom of the body and
concentrically with the burner of a circle of perforations adapted to pass cooling
currents of air and to direct them towards the flame, as set forth.
Dated this 27th day of October 1890.
HENRY H. LEIGH.