Improvements in Fire Places of Kilns or Ovens for Burning Bricks, Pipes, Terra-cotta, Tiles, and other Articles.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Nov., 1887
Specification Accepted, 13th Dec., 1887
Improvements in Fire Places of Kilns or Ovens for Burning Bricks,
Pipes, Terra-cotta, Tiles, and other Articles.
We SIMEON FENN of 2 Lady Bank Tamworth in the County of Stafford Engineer
and ABRAHAM FENN of Olivett Place Glascote in the County of Warwick
Foreman do hereby declare the nature of our said invention and in what manner the
saine is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
This invention has for its object improvements in fire places of kilns or ovens for
burning bricks, pipes, terra cotta, tiles and other articles by which very great
economy of fuel is effected without much if any extra expense in plant or first cost
in building the kilns or fire places. The invention is equally applicable to what are
known as muffled kilns and other such like kilns and ovens.
In order that our invention may he clearly understood and more easily carried
into practice we have appended hereunto two sheets of drawings upon which we
have illustrated that part of a kiln or fire place which is the particular subject of
this invention.
Figure, 1, is a broken off front elevation of a part of the front of a Brick Kiln
showing sufficient to compass one of the retaining arches or sections in which one
of the fire places is formed.
Figure, 2, is a part sectional elevation through one of the side walls and fire
places on the line A, A showing the details of our invention as applied to this
particular kiln.
In both sheets of drawings the same figures refer to the same parts in each case
where the following letters represent the main portions or parts thereof :-
B is the brickwork forming the outside or front of the kiln.
C is the carbonizing chamber.
D is the door communicating with the carbonizing chamber.
-
D' is a door which may be occasionally used for the reduction of draught.
E, E, are the retaining arches in the outer wall B.
F is the opening for the removal of clinkers or ashes and for cleaning out the
fire but generally the clinkers X, X, are allowed to accumulate as shown so as to act
instead of grate bars to support the new fuel.

page_text: H is the inner casing of the kiln.
K, K, are the retaining arches for supporting the inner lining V of the kiln.
M, M, are the inner arches which are built very low down for the purpose of
making the gases produced by the carbonizing of the fuel to pass down through
the incandescent fuel which is an important part of our invention.
N, N are holes about the size of the cross section of a brick for the passage of
air to the centre of the fire.
A brick end put in will thus stop them up and prevent too rapid combustion.
The plate n helps to support the brickwork at this part.
P is an opening from the carbonizing chamber into the kiln for the passage of any
gases formed in the carbonizing chamber which cannot find their way through the
upper portion of the fire and under the deflecting bridge M, and is a convenient mode
of escape if the fire becomes clogged at the top to prevent the smoke from coming
out around the door D.
T, T, is an approximate representation of the incandescent fuel forming
the fire.
S, S are arrows showing the direction the gases take in passing through the fire
from the chamber C.
It will bo understood that the retaining arches E, E for the outer wall B and the
retaining arches K, K, for the support of the lining of the kiln V are permanent
and therefore permit the inside M and the whole of the front work forming the fire
place or combustion or carbonizing chamber to be removed and renewed at
pleasure and without interference with the parts E, K, V, B. It will thus be seen
that the arches M have practically nothing to carry but their own weight and they
are so placed that all or nearly all the gases which enter the inner part Y must
pass through the incandescent fuel T T and as they pass under they are met by
the current or currents of air which enter through the holes N N. The gases are
thus consumed and largely augment the heat of the kiln instead of passing away as
is frequently the case without any good effect at all. At times when the fire
becomes rather close or dense or from other causes the gases or smoke cannot all
pass through the fire T under bridge M there is the outlet P which is a relief put
for them. The loose bricks f¹ prevent the clinkers working out and the hole F may
be further made up by adding other loose bricks upon ¹. The size and design of
the fire place may be somewhat varied but the deflecting arch M must be kept
sufficiently low to cause the main body of the gases formed in the carbonizing
chamber to pass through the incandescent fuel T.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
:-
The improvements in fire places of kilns or ovens for burning bricks, pipes,
terra-cotta, tiles and other articles having a carbonizing chamber C and deflecting
arch or its equivalent M operating as and for the purpose substantially as herein set
forth.
GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham,
Agent for Applicants.