Improvements in Incandescence Lamps for Liquid Fuel.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Sept., 1895-Accepted, 2nd Nov., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Incandescence Lamps for Liquid Fuel.
I HERMANN ZERNING, Manufacturer, of 14 Waldemarstrasse; Berlin, in the
Empire of Germany, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
The incandescence lamp forming the object of this invention is shown on the
annexed drawing in two forms of construction. Fig. 1 is a vertical section of one,
and Figs. 2, 3 and 4 are vertical section, horizontal section and partial side view
respectively of the other form of construction.
:
In the reservoir à are inserted the two concentric tubes bb with the suction
wicke between. These tubes terminate above in the vaporising chamber d which
is 'connected to the collector by means of small tubes e. The collector is placed
immediately over the central hollow space of the wick tube bb and is provided at
the top with fine outlet openings into the tube which is provided with side
openings and which lead' up to the burner proper g.. The tube h is concentrically
surrounded by a casing with air holes forming a Bunsen burner. The vaporising
apparatus is screwed into.the reservoir a by means of the plate & and immediately
above this, a pipe is arranged 'to allow air to ascend through the centre of the
wick tubes" This may also be effected by causing the inner wick tube 6 to
open out at the bottom of the reservoir a as shown in Fig. 2. Below the vaporising
chamber d one or more small wick tubes m with wicks n branch out from the outer
wick tube : These small wick tubes are connected to the reservoir a by upright
tubeso and are surrounded by'a casing p having openings for air over which is
arranged a cup 9 covering the heating burner Hames. The air inlets of the
casing i are also surrounded by a perforated cap ". These parts and rare
insulated by bad heat conductors such as asbestos, kicselguhr or the like.
The lamp acts in the following inanner: The fuel, such as spirit, benzine or the
like is raised from the reservoir a into the vaporising chamber d by means of the
suction wicke and vaporised therein as soon as the heating flame or flames of
the small burners m are ignited. These flames remain constantly burning while
the lamp is in action. The vapours pass from the chainber d through small
tubes e into the collector f-and-from this at a certain pressure into the central
tube . In this tube the vapours mix with copious supplies of atmospheric air
which is drawn into the mixing tube through the openings and of the
tubes i and and also from below. through the tube. or, as in Fig. 2 through the
central bottom opening. The vapours are thus supplied with a large quantity of
air so that after the ignition of the mixture above the outlet g of the burner, a
Bunsen flame of great heating power is produced which causes the incandescence
body s fitted over the burner to give out a light of great intensity.
As a greater amount of fluid fuel is raised by the suction wick c than the flames
of the heating burners m fed therefrom can burn the small tubes o are provided in
order to return to the reservoir a the surplus fuel and thus prevent it running over
out of the small burner tubes m.
The caps and being insulated by bad heat conductors prevent the heat
radiating from the small heating burners from too greatly raising the temperature
of the outside air round the openings of the lamp burner i since warm air does not
enter, or only sparingly enters Bunsen burners. The lamp would not however fail
in its service from this cause since besides the upper side air inlets a further lower
central air inlet is provided.

page_text: In order to regulate the size of the beating burners, or to extinguish them as
desired a sleeve t is loosely pushed on over each small tube m as shown in Figs. 2
to 4 where two small heating flame tubes m branch off. The sleeves tt are con-
nected by a plate u curved around the wick tube 61. To, this plate is fastened a
toothed rod into which gears a small pinion on the spindle a. By rotating this
epindle in one or the other direction the plate u and the sleeves are raised or
lowered and the small heating flames thus increased or diminished. If the sleeves t
are screwed up against the bottom of the vaporising chamber dair is cut off and
extinction of the heating flames takes place.
In order to regulate the flow of the liquid fuel to the small wicks n a small
clamping screw y is arranged to each burner tube. m. By pressure thereon the
wick n can be clamped together and the up flowing fuel more or less restricted
thus regulating the small heating flames.
:
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. An incandescence lamp for liquid fuel in which air is conducted to the vapours
of the liquid fuel flowing from a collector finto a mixing tube h not only from the
side through a Bunsen burner i but also from underneath through a central air
inlet tube.
2. An incandescence lamp as described in Claim 1 in which the heating burner
or burners m serving for the vaporisation are branched off the central uptake
tube of the suction wick cand connected by a tube o with the fuel container a
in order to return surplus fuel into the container.
3. An incandescence lamp as described in Claim 1 in which caps or capsules 9, r
insulated by bad heat conductors are arranged over the small heating flames in
order to keep the heat away from the openings of the Bunsen burner, substantially
as described.
4. An incandescence lamp as described in Claim 1 in which the regulation and
extinction of the small heating flames is effected by means of sleeves t which are
arranged adjustably in height on the small burner tubes m substantially as
described.
5. An incandescence lamp as described in Claim 1 in which. the regulation of
the flow of the fuel to the burner wicks n is effected by clamping screws which
engage sideways in the small burner tubes m.
1
y
6. The arrangement and construction of incandescence. lamps for liquid fuel
substantially as described with reference to the drawings.
Dated this 24th day of September 1895.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.