Improvements in Gas Stoves for Water Heaters,
Year: 1898

page_text: "Date of Application, 28th Sept., 1898-Accepted, 29th Apr., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas Stoves for Water Heaters,
IT
I, JAMES MCCARTNEY, Manufacturer, of Oakland, County of Almeda, State of
California, United States of America, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
In describing my invention I will do so in connection with the drawing annexed
hereto. This drawing marked Fig. 1 shows a side elevation in section of my
improved stove. The gas supply pipe is shown V. The inner end of this pipe is
provided with a perforated tip W, by which the maximum flow of gas is controlled.
The perforated tip W, is inserted within the channel S.
The mixing chamber is cylindrical in form, and is provided with a central
standard R, at the top of which is formed or mounted a deflecting hood.
Extending between the tip W, and the mixing chamber, is the channel S. In
the preferred form of the present invention, this is provided with an extension T,
below the tip extending outwards beyond the tip. This extension T, is flared on
approximately the same lines as the channel S. The outer end of the extension
is closed by a gate or damper U. The damper may be provided with a perforated
door pivotally mounted, as is common in dampers let into the fire doors of
furnaces.
My object in this heater or stove is to produce a thorough mixture of gas and
atmospheric air, before igniting the same above the grate bars H, and to use the
smallest quantity of gas possible.
It is for this purpose that the door U, is provided which permits the gas from
the tip W, to be introduced at the start, through the grate bars with little or no
admixture of atmospheric air. To accomplish this the door U, is closed when the
gas is first ignited.
As soon as the grate bars have become heated, the door U, is opened. As the heat
becomes stronger the opening is increased until the full volume of atmospheric
air is being admitted.
"
By means of this arrangement for controlling, at the initial ignition of the gas,
the introduction of the atmosphere, I am able to prevent any striking back
of the flame to the tip W, which is caused to a great extent by reason of the
presence of the atmospheric air.
My improved stove is designed more particularly for use in connection with a
water heater or water distilling apparatus.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. A gas heater consisting in the combination of a grate bar adapted to fit over
the top of a closed mixing chamber, with, the said mixing chamber being provided
with two inlets W, and T, the one for gas and the other for atmospheric air:
and a closure U, for the said inlet for the atmospheric air adapted to be opened.
2. A gas heater consisting in the combination of a grate bar provided with a

page_text: number of conical openings, of a mixing chamber provided with one inlet T, for
atmospheric air, and one W, for gas; a closed bottom for the said grate; a deflecting
hood R, mounted upon a standard within the said chamber to spread. the com-
bustible compound as it rises to the grate bar, to distribute the same; and a
damper U, adapted to be regulated to admit or exclude the atmospheric air from
the said mixing chamber.

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Sept.. 1898 -Accepted, 13th May, 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Water Heaters.
I, JAMES MCCARTNEY, Manufacturer, of Oakland, County of Almeda, State of
California, United States of America, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to, be, particularly des-
cribed and ascertained in and by the following statement:
+
This invention relates to improvements in water heaters, hereinafter fully
described, and ascertained..
In the drawings:-
Fig. 1, is a vertical sectional view of the invention showing its use as a heater,
combined with a reservoir, and with a condensing chamber to be used in com-
bination with the heater when the water is to be distilled.
Fig. 2, is a vertical sectional view of the gas burning heater, which I prefer
to use in connection with the apparatus.
Fig. 3, is a vertical sectional view of the invention showing its use as a heater
and reservoir only the heating chambers in this form are shaped differently from
those shown in Fig.1.
The construction as shown in the drawings, may be separated and combined to
serve the purposes, of a water heater; or water heater and reservoir combined;
or a steam generator and condenser:"
In describing the invention herein, I will describe it in its form as shown in
the drawings; that is, with the heater, reservoir, the condensing chamber, and
the gas burning heater combined.
In describing the present invention it is deemed advisable to follow the course
of the water in passing through the apparatus. The condensing compartment
into which the water is first introduced from the service nipe, A, consists of a
vertical cylinder, B. Within the vertical cylinder, B, is mounted a series of
inclined flattened chambers, C, C, C, which are connected by the small
pipes, C, C.
At the top of the series of chambers, C, C, C, is a larger chamber, C. The
chamber, C, is directly connected to the steam generating compartment by means
of the pipe, C3. It is in the chamber C, that the steam is condensed, and when
condensed, is transferred to the flattened chambers, C, C, C, in which the hot
water is gradually cooled before being drawn off at the outlet pipe, C, which is
extended through the bottom or lower portion of the side wall of the cylinder, B.
At the bottom of the cylinder, B, there is an outlet, D, by means of which the
water from the service pipe passes from the cylinder, B, into the heating com-
partment, E. The heating compartment consists essentially of a double wall con-.
struction arranged to provide a narrow space between the inner and outer wall
to form a water chamber. The water, upon entering the space between the
double walls of this cylinder rises to the top and enters the spreading chamber, F,
at the top of the heating compartment. From the spreading chamber, F, there
is extended a pipe, G, through the centre of the heating compartment to the
lower-most point therein, just above the grate bars, H. Here the pipe, G; is
provided with a branch to enter the lowest of the flattened heating chambers, H¹.

page_text: These chambers are constructed of thin metal and are provided with an eccen-
tric perforation through which the pipe, G, extends. By placing the perfora-
tions eccentrically the chambers are thrown further from the pipe, on the one
side than on the other.
The chambers are constructed, as stated, of thin metal, in two parts, top and
bottom. The bottom is stamped so that the edges about the outer circumference
and about the eccentric perforation are provided with shoulders, i, i.
The edges
of the top are bent down and curled under the shoulders, i, i, to form the joint
in the construction of the chambers. When thus joined, the chamber is sub-
merged in a galvanizing bath, which completely closes and renders steam tight
the joints.
At the opposite sides of the chambers they are provided with the inlet and
outlet pipes, g, g. These are arranged so as to allign with each other By these
inlet and outlet pipes, the water is carried from the highest point of each cham-
ber to the lowest point of the next succeeding chamber above. By this arrange-
ment the water is compelled to flow upward through the heating compartment
through the flattened chambers, 1, I, which spread the water in wide thin layers
in intimate contact with the heat.
The pipe, G, is joined to the spreading chamber, F, by the bridge, G. The
coupling is extended through or joined to a cast metal ring, G2, which forms the
wall of the spreading chamber through which the heated air passes, from the
heating compartment.
The reservoir, J, is provided with an outlet pipe, K, and a steam pressure
gauge, M.
When the heating apparatus is operating properly, the water which
is contained in the flattened chambers, 1, 1, is rapidly heated and converted into
steam which rising from chamber to chamber finally enters the reservoir, J.
When, by the steam gauge, M, it is seen the desired pressure is obtained, the
cock, L, is opened to permit the steam to pass through the outlet pipe, h, which
is extended into the pipe, C3, of the chamber, C².
As the steam is condensed it passes into the upper flattened cooling chambers.
In its passage through the various chambers, C, the water is thoroughly cooled
before arriving at the outlet, C. In travelling downward through the cham-
bers, C, C, C, from the reservoir, C³, the steam is converted into cool water, and
the heat which it contained has been transferred to the body of water on its way
to the heating compartment, E.
It is for the purpose of aerating the water being distilled, that I have pro-
vided the funnel-shaped inlet pipe, P. This extends into the pipe, C³, and is
turned toward the reservoir, C². The mouth of the funnel, or the contracted end
of the pipe, P, is brought close to the pipe, K, so that the steam escaping through
the said pipe,, causes a vacuum at the contracted end of the pipe, P, and thereby
creates a draft of air through the said pipe, which mixes with the steam entering
the reservoir and becomes intimately combined therewith. To regulate the
quantity of air entering the chamber, C², I have provided a damper, Q, in the
pipe, P.
The heating chambers for the circulating system are sometimes constructed by
me, in the manner shown in Fig. 3, of drawings. That is, in a concavo-convex
or dished form. Those of the chambers which are pointed upward are provided
with large central perforations to compel the heated air to escape through the
central perforations to be delivered upon the cone of the chamber pointed down-
ward. The heat follows the slanting walls upward and is carried out toward the
side walls of the heating chamber. It here passes around the edge of the flat-
tened chambers and is caught by the wider and extended edge of the next suc-
ceeding chamber above.
In both the chambers shown in the drawings at Fig. 1, and at Fig. 3, the
purpose is the same, to wit; to compel the heated air to travel over the entire 5
under surface of each of the flattened chambers.
When the invention is used as a water heater only the reservoir, J, is connected

page_text: to the pipe, K, which is extended upward into the centre of the vent, N. Here
it is connected to the hot water delivery pipe, by an elbow connection. By this
construction the direction in which the delivery pipe, is extended may be changed.
The reservoir, J, is provided with two cocks, or valves, J, J2. The former
entering the reservoir at a high level, and the latter at a lower level.
The pur-
pose of this arrangement is that, after the water has been stopped in its circula-
tion by shutting off the supply by means of the valve, X, and the gas for the
heater has likewise been shut off by means of the same valve, there can be drawn
from the reservoir the hottest water which it will contain at the top, and the
coolest at the bottom.
The gas burning heater shown in the drawings, and which I prefer to use in
connection with my heater is as described hereunder :-
I will designate the gas supply pipe, by the letter, V. The inner end of the
supply pipe is provided with a perforated tip, W, by which the maximum flow
of gas is controlled. The perforated tip, W, is inserted within the channel, S.
The mixing chamber is cylindrical in form, and is provided with a central
standard, R, at the top of which is formed or mounted a deflecting hood.
Extending between the tip, W, and the mixing chamber, is the channel, S.
In the preferred form of the present invention, this is provided with an exten-
sion, T, below the tip, which extends outward beyond the tip. This extension, T,
is flared on approximately the same lines as the channel, S. The outer end, of
the extension is closed by a gate or damper, U. The damper may be provided
with a perforated door pivotally mounted, as is common in dampers let into the
fire doors of furnaces.
With the heater herein described, the purpose designed, is to produce a thor-
ough mixture of gas and atmospheric air, before igniting the same above the
grate bars, H. And to use the smallest quantity of the gas possible.
It is for this purpose that the door, U, is provided which permits the gas from
the tip, W, to be introduced at the start, through the grate bars with little or
no admixture of atmospheric air. To accomplish this, the door, U, is closed
when the gas is first ignited.
As soon as the grate bars have become heated, the door, U, is opened. As
the heat becomes stronger, the opening is increased until the full volume of
atmospheric air is being admitted."
By means of this arrangement for controlling, at the initial ignition of the
gas, the introduction of the atmosphere, I am able to prevent any "striking
back of the flame to the tip, W, which is caused to a great extent by reason of
the presence of the atmospheric air.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A water heater, consisting in the combination, with a double walled heat-
ing chamber, E, the walls of which are separated to leave a narrow space between
and provided with an inlet pipe, D, opening into the lower portion of the said
space between the walls; a series of flattened chambers, I, I, the sides of which
are separated to leave a narrow space between and are inclined to convey the heat
upward to deliver it against the lower portions of the next succeeding flattened
chamber above; a suitable conduit, or pipe, G, leading from the upper portion
of the heating chamber and connecting the space between the walls thereof with
the lower portion of the lowermost flattened chamber of the said series; and a
suitable heating device, H, located below the lowermost of the series of flattened
chambers.
2. A water heater, consisting in the combination of a circulation system, I, I,
in which the water is spread into thin layers, and in that form subjected to heat;
a reservoir, J, adapted to contain the waters after being heated, located in the
upper part of the heating chamber or cylinder, E; a vent, N, opening from the

page_text: top of the heating cylinder for the escapement of the heated air and provided
with a damper, U, adapted to close the said vent to prevent the escapement of
the heated air; and faucets, J, J, extending through the side of the said cylin-
der and entering the said reservoir at a high and low water level thereof.
3. In a water heater when used for distilling water, the combination of a cir-
culatory system consisting in two series of connected flattened chambers, I, 1,
and C, C, adapted to spread the water and steam in thin layers; with a broken
connection between the two series consisting of two pipes C, and K, the one con-
nected with the steam generating series of chambers,, and inserted in the other
pipe which is connected with the condensing series of chambers, and the other
pipe provided with an air inlet, P, for mixing the air with the steam; a heat-
ing chamber, E, to enclose the first of the series of flattened chambers, I, and pro-
vided with a suitable heat producing attachment, H, and a cooling tank, B,
to enclose the last of said series and adapted to maintain cool water in contact
with the said condensing series of chambers.
Dated this the 28th day of September 1898.
E. E. WIGZELL.
Agent for Applicant.