Improvements in Piston and other Packings.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Aug., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 7th Dec., 1894--Accepted, 9th Feb., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Piston and other Packings.
We, JAMES WALTER PEELLE of 545 McDonough Street, Brooklyn, State of
New York, United States of America, Commercial Traveller, and ALBERT
CORNWELL LATIMER of 318 Hancock Street, Brooklyn, State of New York,
United States of America, Stationer and Printer, do hereby declare the nature of
our invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates, generally, to combination packings for steam engines,
pumps and similar devices, particularly to that class in which the packing consists
of material more or less resilient and absorbent. Packing of this kind as hereto-
fore used, soiled, more or less, that part of the rod which came in contact with it.
This necessitated constant watchfulness and cleaning on the part of an engineer
who cares properly for his machinery. One of the objects of our invention is to
remove as far as possible, all objections of that kind and have the rod neat and
clean and free from discoloration at all times. This object is attained by having a
fine metallic gloss on the wearing surface of the packing and of the same color as
the rod which is given thereby a polish similar in color to itself and without any
increase, but rather a decrease in the friction of the parts. There are other objects
attained by the combination of certain elementary substances and which will be
hereinafter explained.
The invention consists of a new and improved method of making the packing;
a bath in which the packing is heated; and in the article of manufacture all as will
hereinafter be described in the Specification and pointed out in the claims.
The method of treating the material of which the packing is to be formed is as
follows:-
The material to be treated, which may be of any desired kind or combination, is
cut into the desired sizes and shapes, usually in the form of rings or spirals. The
packing material when so prepared is placed in a perforated receptacle of some
kind to admit the air freely and the receptacle then placed in an oven and its
contents heated to as high a temperature as possible without injury to the material
forming the packing. When heated entirely through the dry condition makes the
several pieces highly absorbent. The material is now plunged into a fluid mass
warmed sufficiently to be thoroughly limpid and containing a finely powdered metal,
such as aluminium, copper, spelter or any other metal that is softer than iron.
The mass is constantly agitated while the packing is immersed in order to bring the
fine particles of metal in continual contact with the packing, which owing to its
high absorbent power, due to the drying and heating, draws into the body of the
packing the finely powdered metal, giving to the packing a substantial body. of
this fine metal lubricant without injury to the durable qualities of the packing as
might be the case if the packing were plunged into a boiling bath. After the
packing has become fully filled with the liquid mass and every interstice has been
fully occupied by the particles of powdered metal, it is placed in a warm place to
dry. Before it is completely dried the packing may be treated to a thin coat of the
powdered metal by tumbling it in the usual way or by exposing it to the action of
a rotary or other brush or polishing device. This gives the outside of the packing
a perfect coating and presents a finished article of fine commercial appearance, and
which if coated with metal of the same appearance as the rod, will not mar but add
to the appearance of the rod working therein,
-:

page_text: The material preferred for this purpose. is made of duck alternated in layers with
very thin layers of gum rubber which are coated on each side with a composition
formed of three parts of gum rubber to one of finely powdered mica. This
coating gives to the edges of the packing made from sheets of this material a
lubricant of very high fire test as the powdered mica is a fine lubricant and
indestructible by heat. The sheet can be cut into any desired shape or form and
when treated by our process makes a very fine packing.
The bath or fluid mass into which the heated packing is placed and agitated in,
as before stated, preferably warmed until it becomes limpid and is preferably
composed of one part of high fire test mineral oil and one part of rape seed oil,
and paraffine or other wax in the proportion of five pounds of wax to every ten
gallons of the mixture of oils. To this mixture is added about two pounds of very
finely divided soft metal, such as aluminium, copper, spelter or other metal softer
than iron. The packing which has been previously heated and dried, when placed
in this bath absorbs the different substances forming the bath. The packing is
then removed from the bath and preferably partly dried, to leave on the surface
among the other elements a thin film of wax, which if the packing be tumbled or
polished with the powdered metal will hold on the surface of the packing a quantity
of the powder, giving to the packing the fine finished appearance referred to above.
While we do not limit ourselves to the oils above referred to in making the bath
we prefer to use blown rape seed oil on account of its high reputation as a lubricant.
The mineral oil when tempered to a perfect lubricant with rape seed oil is not
injurious to any part of the material or the rods. We also prefer not to use any
of the animal oils as they are more or less injurious to the rubber parts of the
packing and tallow is more or less injurious to the rods-pitting the iron and
forming verdigris on the brass ones.
While we prefer what we term a limpid bath, baths of a higher temperature even
to the boiling point may be used in carrying out our process but care should be
taken when high temperatures are. used not to injure the fabrics forming the
packings.
Dated this 23rd day of August 1894
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Piston and other Packings.
We, JAMES WALTER PEELLE of 545 McDonough Street, Brooklyn, State of
New York, United States of America, Commercial Traveller, and ALBERT
CORNWELL LATIMER of 318 Hancock Street, Brooklyn, State of, New York,
United States of America, Stationer and Printer, do hereby declare the nature of
this our invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates, generally, to combination packings for steam engines,
pumps and similar devices, particularly to that class in which the packing consists
of material more or less resilient and absorbent. Packing of this kind as heretofore
used, soiled, more or less, that part of the rod which came in contact with it. This
necessitated constant watchfulness and cleaning on the part of an engineer who
cares properly for his machinery.
One of the objects of our invention is to remove, as far as possible, all objections
of that kind and have the rod neat and clean and free from discoloration at all
times. This object' is attained by having a fine metallic gloss on the wearing
surface of the packing and of the same color as the rod which is given thereby
-

page_text: a polish similar in color to itself and without any increase, but rather a decrease in
the friction of the parts.
There are other objects attained by the combination of certain elementary
substances and which will be hereinafter explained.
The invention consists of a new and improved method of making the
packing a bath in which the packing is treated; and in the article of manufacture
all as will hereinafter be described in the Specification and pointed out in the
claims.
The method of treating the material of which the packing is to be formed is as
follows: The material to be treated, which may be of any desired size or
combination, is cut into the desired sizes and shapes, usually in the form of rings.
or spirals. The packing material when so prepared is placed in a perforated
receptacle of some kind to admit the air freely and the receptacle then placed in an
oven and its contents heated to as high a temperature as possible without injury to
the material forming the packing. When heated entirely through their dry
condition makes the several pieces highly absorbent. The material is now plunged
into a fluid mass warmed sufficiently to be thoroughly limpid and containing a
finely powdered metal, such as aluminium, copper, spelter or any other metal softer
than iron. The mass is constantly agitated while the packing is immersed in order
to bring the fine particles of metal in continual contact with the packing, which
owing to its high absorbent power, due to the drying and heating, draws into the
body of the packing the finely powdered metal, giving to the packing a substantial
body of this fine metal lubricant without injury to the durable qualities of the
packing as might be the case if the packing were plunged into a boiling bath.
After the packing has become fully filled with the liquid mass and every interstice
has been fully occupied by the particles of powdered metal, it is placed in a warm
place to dry. Before it is completely dried the packing may be treated to a thin
coat of the powdered metal by tumbling it in the usual way or by exposing it to
the action of a rotary or other brush or polishing device. This gives the outside
of the packing a perfect coating and presents a finished article of fine commercial
appearance, and which if coated with metal of the same appearance as the rod, will
not mar but add to the appearance of the rod working therein.
The material preferred for this purpose is made of duck alternated in layers with
very thin layers of gum rubber which are coated on each side with a composition
formed of three parts of gum rubber to one of finely powdered mica. This coating
gives to the edges of the packing made from sheets of this material a lubricant of
very high fire test as the powdered mica is a fine lubricant and indestructible by
heat. The sheet can be cut into any desired shape or form and when treated by
our process makes a very fine packing.
The bath of fluid mass into which the heated packing is placed and agitated in,
as before stated, is preferably warmed until it becomes limpid and is preferably
composed of one part of high fire test mineral oil and one part of rape seed oil, and
paraffine or other wax in the proportion of five pounds of wax to every ten gallons
of the mixture of oils. To this mixture is added about two pounds of very finely
divided soft metal, such as aluminium, copper, spelter or other metal softer than
iron. The packing which has been previously heated and dried, when placed in
this bath absorbs the different substances forming the bath. The packing is then
removed from the bath and preferably partly dried, to leave on the surface among
the other elements a thin film of wax, which if the packing be tumbled or polished
with the powdered metal will hold on the surface of the packing a quantity of the
powder, giving to the packing the fine finished appearance referred to above.
While we do not limit ourselves to the oils above referred to in making the bath.
we prefer to use blown rape seed oil on account of its high reputation as a
lubricant. The mineral oil when tempered to a perfect lubricant with rape seed
oil is not injurious to any part of the material or the rods. We also prefer not to
use any of the animal oils as they are more or less injurious to the rubber parts of

page_text: the packing and tallow is more or less injurious to the rods-pitting the iron and
forming verdigris on the brass ones.
2
While we prefer what we term a limpid bath, baths of a higher temperature even
to the boiling point may be used in carrying out our process but care should be
taken when high temperatures are used not to injure the fabrics forming the
packings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. An improvement in the art of making packings which consists in cutting the
material into the desired shapes and sizes; drying said cut shapes and sizes in
a high temperature but insufficient to overheat the material; immersing and
agitating said cut shapes and sizes in a bath of the character and substantially of
the proportions described, and finally polishing said cut shapes and sizes with
powdered metal for the purpose set forth.
2. In the art of making packings a bath for said packings composed of non-
animal oils, wax, and a finely powdered metal, softer than iron, in the proportions
described.
3: As an article of manufacture a packing having a polished outer metallic coat
of the same color as the piston to which it is applied and formed of a finely
powdered metal, softer than iron, substantially as described.
Dated this 7th day of December 1894.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.