Improvements in or relating to Coupling Drain-pipes or the like.
Year: 1889

page_text: ate of Application, 10th Oct., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 10th July, 1890-Accepted, 4th Oct., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Coupling Drain-pipes or the like.
I, JOHN WILLIAM JONES of 34 Deane Road Fairfield, Liverpool in the County of
Lancaster Builder do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object the fastening together of lengths of pipe, drain
traps, or the like, and is especially applicable to those iron, lead, or earthenware pipes
which are used to connect sinks or other drains with the sewers.
In one form of fastening hitherto employed, the recessed end of a length of pipe
was slipped over the end of the adjacent length and a pin was driven right through
both of them in such a way as to hold them firmly together. This was defective for
several reasons, partly because the pin passing across the bore of the pipe offered
obstruction to the passage of drainage and rendered the pipe liable to become choked
with gradually accumulating refuse. Another important disadvantage was that, in
time, the pipe became coated with rust, and, in consequence, it was very difficult to
disconnect the coupling.
A fastening constructed in accordance with my invention possesses the advantages
of simplicity and security, while the pipes may be readily disconnected. It also
offers no impediment to the passage of solid or liquid matter through the pipe.
In carrying out the invention I provide a bevelled, dove-tailed or otherwise shaped
slot, groove, or opening in the side of the pipe or in the enlargement thereof; this
groove extending along about one fourth of the circumference of the pipe, and being
preferably made tapering. The end of another pipe is placed within this slotted pipe
and a tapered key or cotter or even a tapered nail, or even the shink of a pipe-book of
a shape in cross section approximately equivalent to that of the slot is driven into the
said groove, so as to hold the two pipes firmly together by pressing the inner one
against the outer one. If desired, two or more grooves may be made in the pipe, and
in that case I prefer to connect the two keys together or make them in one piece. A
bent pin might be employed instead of a key, which on being rotated, causes the
inside pipe to be jammed against the outer. If sufficient clearance be allowed between
each pipe-two holes on opposite sides in a suitable position may be made through
which the said bent pin can be inserted.
Another form of pipe coupling which I may use is constructed as follows:-
On the outside of the drain pipe, and near one end thereof, I cast or otherwise form
a coarse pitched screw thread, which is rather deeply cut at the end of the pipe, but
gradually shallows, till, in two or three turns, it disappears on the surface of the pipe.
On the inner side of the other pipe is a stud which is adapted to engage or mesh
with this thread. When the two pipes are screwed together, the stud gradually binds
n the thread and the two pipes are thus firmly held together.
Dated this 9th day of October 1880
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Patent Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Coupling Drain-pipes or the like.
I, JOHN WILLIAM JONES, of 34, Deane Road, Fairfield, Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, Builder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object the fastening together of lengths of pipe, drain
traps, or the like, and is especially applicable to those iron, lead, or earthenware pipes
which are used to connect sinks or other drains with the sewers.

page_text: In one form of fastening hitherto employed, the recessed end of a length of pipe
was slipped over the end of the adjacent length and a pin was driven right through
both of them in such a way as to hold them firmly together. This was defective for
several reasons, partly because the pin passing across the bore of the pipe offered
obstruction to the passage of drainage and rendered the pipe liable.to become choked
with accumulated refuse, and partly because, in time, the pipe became coated with
rust and consequently it was very difficult to disconnect the coupling.
A fastening constructed in accordance with my invention possesses the advantages
of simplicity and security, while the pipes may be readily disconnected. It also offers
no impediment to the passage of solid or liquid matter through the pipe.
The invention may be described in detail as follows, reference being had to the
accompanying drawings which illustrate various forms of the invention:
Figure 1 is an elevation illustrating the application of one form of the invention.
to the stench trap and drain pipe of an ordinary sink, parts being shown in section.
Figure 2 is a section on the line x x Figure 1, and
Figure 3 is a plan of the underside of the trap, showing the mode of fastening
the clearing plug in position.
Figures 4 and 5 are sections showing two other forms of the invention applied
respectively to the flush pipe of an ordinary flushing cistern and to an ordinary drain
pipe.
A is the bottom of the sink, B is the stench-trap, C is the drain pipe leading there-
from, and D is a short flange pipe, having a perforated head 6 and serving as a
connection between the sink and the stench-trap.
In carrying the invention into effect, I provide one or more bevelled dovetailed, or
other suitably shaped slots, grooves or openings arranged tangentially in the side of
the inlet pipe b of the trap or in an enlargement thereof. In the example shown, a
rectangular shaped slot E is formed through two opposite sides of the enlarged end of
the pipe 6, the bearing face e Figure 2 of the slot is, by preference, made slightly
tapered as shown, and the metal forming this portion of the slot is strengthened by
webs e which also serve as a support to the pipe flange b¹.
The end of the connecting pipe D is placed within the slotted pipe b and a tapered
key or cotter F, or even a tapered nail or the shank of a pipe hook having a suitable
cross-section, is driven into each slot E so that the two pipes are held firmly together
as shown.
It is sometimes desirable to connect the two keys together as shown in dotted lines
in Figure 2.
In some cases I may only employ one key which is inserted in the slot as above
described and acts to press the inner pipe hard against the outer one. Or a bent pin
might be employed instead of a key, which, on being rotated, would cause the inner
or spigot pipe D to be jammed against the outer or faucet-pipe b. If sufficient
clearance be allowed between the two pipes, two holes on opposite sides, in suitable
positions, may be made, through which the said bent pin can be inserted.
A tapered key F may also be employed for holding the trap clearing plug G in
position, as shown, the said plug being provided with a yielding packing ring 9.
similar ring may also be placed at d¹ to prevent leakage of water from the sink past
the pipe D. In the lower part of Figure 1, the outlet pipe 6 of the trap is shown
fitting into a faucet on the drain pipe C. The pipes are as before described secured
by a cotter or cotters each fitting into a slot E, and a packing ring c may be inserted
at the bottom of the faucet if thought desirable.
Figure 4 shows an arrangement very similar to that shown in the upper part
of Figure 1 for coupling a flush pipe C¹ to the depending spigot D' of a flushing
cistern A¹.
Another form of pipe coupling which I may use is constructed as follows, reference
being had to Figure 5.
On the outside of the spigot pipe D₁, and near one end thereof, I cast or otherwise
form a coarse pitched screw thread d² which is rather deeply cut at the end of the
pipe, but gradually shallows, till, in two or three turns it disappears on the surface of

page_text: the pipe as at d. On the inner side of the faucet-pipe C which is to be connected
to the preceding spigot pipe is a stud c³ which is adapted to engage or mesh with
this thread. When the two pipes are screwed together, the stud gradually binds
in the thread and the two pipes are thus firmly held together.
It will be obvious that the invention is applicable for coupling pipes other than
those employed for draining or similar purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
A coupling device for drain pipes or the like in which the outer or faucet-pipe is
secured to the inner or spigot-pipe by means of one or more keys, cotters, pins or
studs, each inserted in such a manner as to cause a pressure between the inner surface
of the outer pipe (or a slotted surface therein) on the one hand, and the outer
surface (or a groove therein) of the inner pipe on the other hand, substantially as
described.
Dated this 9th day of July 1890.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of Liverpool, Manchester, and London, Patent Agents.