Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Mar., 1888
Complete Left, 22nd Mar., 1888
Complete Accepted, 27th Apr., 1888
I, LEEDHAM BINNS, of Philadelphia, in the County of Philadelphia, and State of
Pennsylvania, United States of America, now residing at No. 2438, North 6th Street
in Philadelphia aforesaid, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
The means used for driving the cap tubes which carry the yarn bobbins in cap
spinning and twisting frames, have lieretofore been very imperfect. Thus, if the
traverse of the whirl tube be, say six inches, the band used to drive the whirl tube
must proportionately stretch or the spindle on which it traverses be bent, each time
the whirl tube travels up and down the spindle, which it must do in order to put the
yarn, as it is being spun or twisted on to the bobbin. By this ordinary or old method
of driving and operating the whirl tubes, the bands necessarily soon lose their perfect
driving power or action. For instance, when the lifter or traverse is at its lowest
point or bottom, the band is too long and too slack and does not drive up to speed and
when it is at its highest point or top, the band is at full stretch, or tight. This causes
the yarn to be unevenly spun or twisted, besides which there is great wear and tear
upon the spindles and tubes and much oil and power are required to lubricate and
drive. The bands too, soon wear out by the constant stretching to which they are
subjected by the traverse of the whirl tubes up and down the spindles and the length
of traverse is necessarily small or limited, on account of the stretching of the bands.
Several attempts have been made to meet this difficulty, as for instance by using
tension pulleys for the bands to run over, but these not only are costly by requiring
constant oiling and cleaning but they take power to drive them and result in extra
repairs and more wear and tear.
I obviate these defects by means of an automatically adjusting driving band
applied to whirl tubes on opposite sides of the frame or driving drum and operating
in connection with a reverse traverse for said tubes simultaneously on opposite sides
of the frame, the whole forming a compensating banding system to whirl tubes on
opposite sides of the frame or machine, to provide for the changes in position of the
whirl tubes as produced by their traverse, and whereby also one and the same band is
made to drive a series of tubes and a greatly reduced amount of banding will be used
than when each spindle or whirl tube is driven by a separate band. Here it may be
observed, and the same should be distinctly understood, that the invention is not
designed to apply to a Pirn or shuttle-bobbin frame, but is strictly confined to cap
spinning and twisting in which the traverse is that of an uniform motion up and
down and double-headed bobbins are used on the tubes.

page_text: The Invention will here only be described, as applied to two pairs of spindles or their
cap-tubes, one pair on each side of the frame.
The whirls of one pair of whirl tubes are on one side of the frame and the whirls
of an opposite pair of whirl tubes are on the other side of the frame, all resting upon
their respective traverse bars or rails, the spindles of said tubes being secured to the
spindle rails and the double-headed bobbins are carried by said tubes. The cross-
vibrating shaft for lifting the traverse bars or rails, may take its motion as usual from
a heart-shaped cam, or otherwise; but it has lifters that operate under guide rods of
the opposite traverse bars arranged to project from the reverse sides of its axis; instead
of from the same side whereby when the one traverse bar with its whirl tubes are
lifted, the opposite traverse bar with its whirl tubes are made to fall and vice-versa;
or in other words are caused to have an alternate rising and falling motion relatively
to each other. Any other suitable means however may be used for simultaneously
alternating the rise and fall of the traverse bars on opposite sides of the frame.
In applying invention, the whirls the tubes of which carry the bobbins are arranged
as follows-First, the whirls and their tubes and bobbins on one side of the frame
are raised to their extreme point or height of upward traverse, and then the whirls
with their tubes and bobbins on the opposite side of the frame are lowered to their
extreme point or depth of downward traverse, after which the two spindles, or rather
their whirl tubes on each side of the frame opposite to each other, are banded with
one and the same band, as follows;-First said band is run from the whirl on one side
of the frame over the drum and round one of the whirls on the opposite side of the
frame, then under the drum and round over, it, to and round another of the whirls on the
first mentioned side of the frame, thence under the drum and round the whirl on the
second side of the frame, from whence passes over and round and under the drum
back to the first whirl where the band may be joined to make it endless. The band
however, may be endless before it is applied, in which case it may be put on to the
drum and under the bottom of the whirl tubes by loosening the spindles from or
out of the spindle rails, or it may be put over the top of one or more of the whirl
tubes and then after loosening the balance of the spindles, so as to be able to put the
band on, said spindle or spindles be put in their place in the spindle rail or rails,
thus mounting an endless band all ready for work. By this means of banding say,
four spindles or their whirl tubes, that is two each on opposite sides of the frame by
the one band in connection with the simultaneous reverse motions of the traverse
bars or rails on opposite sides of the frame, one with its set of whirl tubes and bobbins
going up as the other with its whirl tubes and bobbins move down, a perfect compen-
sating action is obtained for the band, for as the whirl tubes on one side of the frame
go up, the same will require an increased length of band and as the whirl tubes on the
opposite side of the frame go down at the same time, they will required less length of
band. Accordingly, the four whirl tubes, two on each side of the frame, are constantly
giving and receiving more length of band as is necessary without stretching the band
or straining the spindles which support the whirl tubes, thereby obtaining a more
uniform running of the whirl tubes, and taking less power and oil to lubricate the
parts and reducing the wear and tear upon the spindles, tubes, and bands. The same
will also produce a more even and perfect twist in the yarn being spun or twisted,
and a much longer traverse can be obtained, thereby allowing for a much longer bobbin
which will hold more yarn, causing less doffing and waste and fewer knots or ends in
the yarn being spun or twisted, likewise the yarn being spun in greater lengths
without increasing the diameter or circumference of the cap, which greatly increases
its value.

page_text: Improvements in Cap Spinning and Twisting Frames.
I, LEEDHAM BINNS, of Philadelphia, in the County of Philadelphia, and State of
Pennsylvania, United States of America, now residing at No. 2438 North 6th Street,
in Philadelphia, aforesaid, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The means used for driving the cap tubes which carry the yarn bobbins in cap spinning
and twisting frames have heretofore been very imperfect. Thus, if the traverse of
the whirl tube be say six inches, the band used to drive the whirl tube must propor-
tionately stretch or the spindle on which it traverses be bent each time the whirl tube
travels up and down the spindle which it must do in order to put the yarn as it is
being spun or twisted, on to the bobbin. By this ordinary or old method of driving and
operating of the whirl tubes, the bands necessarily soon lose their perfect driving
power or action. For instance, when the lifter or traverse is at its lowest point or
bottom, the band is too long and too slack and does not drive up to speed and when it
is at its highest point or top the band is at full stretch or tight. This causes the yarn
to be unevenly spun or twisted besides which there is great wear and tear upon the
spindles and tubes, and much oil and power are required to lubricate and drive. The
bands too, soon wear out by the constant stretching to which they are subjected by the
traverse of the whirl tubes up and down the spindles and the length of traverse is
necessarily small or limited on account of the stretching of the bands.
attempts have been made to meet this difficulty, as for instance by using tension
pulleys for the bands to run over but these are not only costly in consequence of
requiring constant oiling and cleaning, but they take power to drive them and result
in extra repairs and more wear and tear.
Several
The Invention which is the subject of this specification obviates these defects by
means of an automatically adjusting driving band applied to whirl tubes on opposite
sides of the frame or driving drum and operating in connection with a reverse traverse
for said tubes simultaneously on opposite sides of the frame, the whole forming a com-
pensating banding system to whirl tubes on opposite sides of the frame or machine to
provide for the changes in position of the whirl tubes as produced by their traverse
and whereby also one and the same band is made to drive à series of tubes so that a
greatly reduced amount of banding will be used than when each spindle or whirl tube
is driven by a separate band.
+
Here it may be observed and the same should be distinctly understood that the
invention is not designed to apply to a Pirn or shuttle-bobbin frame but is strictly
confined to cap spinning and twisting in which the traverse is that of an uniform
motion up and down, and double-headed bobbins are used on the tubes.
The Invention will here only be described as applied to two pairs of spindles or
their cap tubes, one pair on each side of the frame and only so much of a cap

page_text: spinning and twisting frame will be shewn in the drawing as is necessary to explain
the invention.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this speci-
fication, in which figure 1 represents a plan view of the driving drum, spindle, rails,
and traverse or lifting rails in part, of a cap spinning and twisting frame with a band
applied to driving the whirls of two pairs of whirl tubes that is one pair on each side
of the frame and means for alternating the traverse on opposite sides of the frame.
Figure 2 is a transverse section of the same upon the line in figure 1 shewing also
certain of the caps, whirl tubes, bobbins, and spindles, on opposite sides of the frame
and illustrating the different extreme positions of the whirl tubes on the opposite sides
of the frame simultaneously, and figure 3 is a side elevation of the same shewing also
the means used for working the opposite traverse bars or rails in reverse directions at
the same time. Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the
figures.
A A indicate the spindle rails and B B the traverse rails or bars on opposite sides of
the frame. C is the intermediate drum which drives the whirl tubes. D¹ D2 are the
whirls of one pair of whirl tubes on one side of the frame and D³ D* the whirls of an
opposite pair of whirl tubes on the other side of the frame, all resting upon their
respective traverse bars or rails B, B. E E are the spindles of said tubes secured to
the spindle rails AA; F F the double-headed bobbins carried by said tubes; G G the
H is
caps and the yarn which as it is spun or twisted is put upon said bobbins.
the band connecting the drum C with the whirls D, D, D³, D¹.
I is the cross
vibrating shaft for lifting the traverse bars or rails B B and which may take its motion
as usual from a heart shaped cam or otherwise, but which has its lifters cc that
operate under guide rods d d of the opposite traverse bars arranged to project from
the reverse sides of its axis instead of from the same side whereby when the one traverse
bar with its whirl tubes are lifted, the opposite traverse bar with its whirl tubes are
made to fall and vice-versa, or in other words are caused to have an alternate rising
and falling motion relatively to each other. Any other suitable means, however, may
be used for simultaneously alternating the rise and fall of the traverse bars on opposite
sides of the frame.
In applying the invention, the whirls the tubes of which carry the bobbins are
arranged as follows-First, the whirls and their tubes and bobbins on one side of the
frame are raised to their extreme point or height of upward traverse and then the
whirls with their tubes and bobbins on the opposite side of the frame are lowered to
their extreme point or depth of downward traverse, after which the two spindles or
rather their whirl tubes on each side of the frame, opposite to each other, are banded
with one and the same band H as follows; First, said band starting, say at the
whirl D is run over the drum C and round the whirl D³, then under the drum and
round over it to and round the whirl D thence under the drum and round the
whirls D2 from whence it passes over and round and under the drum and back to the
whirl D where the band may be joined to make it endless.
The band, however, may be endless before it is applied, in which case it may he put
on to the drum and under the bottom of the whirl tubes by loosening the spindles
from or out of the spindle rails, or it may be put over the top of one or more of the
whirl tubes and then after loosening the balance of the spindles, so as to be able to
put the band on, said spindle or spindles be put in their place in the spindle rail or
rails, thus mounting an endless band all ready for work.
By this means of banding, say, four spindles or their whirl tubes, that is two each
on opposite sides of the frame, by the one hand, in connection with the simultaneous
reverse motions of the traverse bars or rails on opposite sides of the frame, one with
its set of whirl tubes and bobbins going up as the other with its whirl tubes and
bobbins move down, a perfect compensating action is obtained for the band, for as the
whirl tubes on one side of the flame go up, the same will require an increased length
of band, and as the whirl tubes on the opposite side of the frame go down, at the
same time, they will require less length of band. Accordingly the four whirl tubes,
two on each side of the frame, are constantly giving and receiving more length of band

page_text: as is necessary, without stretching the band or straining the spindles which support the
whirl tubes, thereby obtaining a more uniform running of the whirl tubes and taking
less power and oil to lubricate the parts and reducing the wear and tear upon the
spindles, tubes and bands. The same will also produce a more even and perfect twist
in the yarn being spun or twisted, and a much longer traverse can be obtained,
thereby allowing for a much longer bobbin which will hold more yarn, causing less
doffing and waste and fewer knots or ends in the yarn being spun or twisted, likewise
the yarn being spun in greater lengths without increasing the diameter or
circumference of the cap, which greatly increases its value.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In cap spinning and twisting frames, the combination, with the driving drum
and whirls or whirl tubes adapted to carry double-headed bobbins and having a
uniform motion up and down, on opposite sides of the frame, of an endless band con-
necting and driving said opposite whirl tubes or their whirls, and the traverse bars
on opposite sides of the frame having a reverse alternate motion simultaneously with
each other, substantially as specified.
2. In cap spinning and twisting frames, the combination with the caps G, G, and
spindle rails A A on opposite sides of the frame carrying opposite pairs of
spindles EE, of the whirls D1 D2 D3 D of the whirl tubes, free to move up and
down said spindles and adapted to carry double-headed bobbins F, F, the drum C,
the endless band H connecting and driving said series of whirls, the opposite traverse
bars B, B, and means for communicating a reverse alternate up-and-down motion
simultaneously to said traverse bars, essentially as shown and described.
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