A NEW AND IMPROVED GOVERNOR FOR ENGINES AND MACHINERY
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Auguste Edouard Loradoux Bellford, of 32, Essex
Street, Strand, London, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "A NEW AND
IMPROVED GOVERNOR FOR ENGINES AND MACHINERY."-A communication.
IMPROVED GOVERNOR FOR ENGINES AND MACHINERY."-A communication.
Sealed the 18th September 1855, and dated the 20th March 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Auguste Edouard Loradoux
Bellford at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 20th March 1855..
I, AUGUSTE EDOUARD LORADOUX BELLFORD, of 32, Essex Street, Strand,
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "A NEW AND IMPROVED GOVERNOR FOR ENGINES AND MACHINERY," a commu-
nication, to be as follows, viz., and consists of a governor which regulates
the speed of the engine or other motor directly by the resistance of the
machinery driven by it, and can be used alone or in connexion with a common
governor; and also in a certain mode of combining the action of this and a
common governor upon a throttle valve, gate, or their equivalent, which
controls the supply of steam, whereby the first is made to govern by the
resistance of the machinery driven, and the latter by the velocity of the motor,
so that variations in the resistance consequent upon the throwing in or out of

page_text: gear of any part of the machinery, and variations in the power consequent upon
increase or diminution of pressure of the motive agent, may be compensated for
independently of each other, and the engine or mctor may be governed in a
more perfect manner than by any governor in use. The improved governor is
applied either to the main shaft of the engine or motor, or to an intermediate
driving shaft between it and the machinery. The principal parts of the
governor are two discs, wheels, or heads of equal size, and a slide. One of
the discs is secured to the shaft, and the other is keyed to the same hollow
shaft as the crank pulley or gear wheel, which is to give motion to the
machinery, which said hollow shaft fits loosely on the first-named shaft, and is
capable of turning to some extent thereon; or the second-mentioned disc may
be keyed to a seperate shaft arranged in line with the first shaft, and have the
aforesaid crank, pulley, or gear-wheel secured to it. The two discs are placed
nearly or quite close together, and their opposite faces are furnished with
similar or corresponding projections. Attached to either disc is a series of
springs which act between the projections of the two discs in opposition to
the driving power applied to the second disc, so that when the power is applied
it is transmitted to the former disc by the springs. The second disc is cut
away at two opposite parts of its periphery to receive two plates having grooves
which run obliquely or spirally to the shaft, or the said disc is otherwise
constructed to contain the said grooves, to receive studs formed upon or
attached to the sides of two bolts firmly secured to arms on the slide, and
which slide freely through suitable holes bored through the first disc. The
slide consists of a hub fitted to slide freely on the shaft. The hub is grooved
to receive the fork of a lever attached to the valve, gate, or cut-off, upon
which the covernor acts

page_text: The end of the steam. pipe is closed, but, there are slotted openings on
opposite sides, which correspond with openings in the valve. A lever is con-
nected with the valve by a rod so as to move it, only longitudinally upon the
pipe, and in that way by changing the longitudinal relation of the openings in
the valve and pipe to vary the effective opening in proportion as the resistance
of the machinery varies. The common governor is to be connected with the
same rod, but in such a way as, to turn the valve on the pipe, and thus to:
change the relation of the openings in a circular direction.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Auguste Edouard Loradoux Bellford in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 19th September, 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, AUGUSTE
EDOUARD LORADOUX BELLFORD, of. 32, Essex Street, Strand, London, Patent
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters.
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and. fifty-five, in the eighteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself; Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Auguste Edouard Loradoux Bellford, Her special licence that I, the
said: Auguste Edouard Loradoux Bellford, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Auguste Edouard Loradoux Bellford, my.
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW AND IMPROVED GOVERNOR FOR ENGINES
AND. MACHINERY," (a communication,) upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Auguste Edouard Loradoux Bellford, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be-performed,
and, cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months.next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Auguste Edouard Loradoux Bellford, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say:-

page_text: This Invention consists in what I term a combination governor, which is
composed of a speed governor and a resistance governor, so combined to act
upon a throttle valve or its equivalent, by which the supply of steam or other
motive agent is supplied to an engine or other motor, that each shall exert its
proper effect without interfering with the action of the other.
governor,
The accompanying Drawings illustrate the Invention. Fig. 1 is a side view,
and Fig. 2 a top view, showing the resistance governor. Fig. 3 is a view of
the opposite side of the said governor to that shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a
section of the said governor through the centre; Fig. 5 is a section of the
same taken perpendicularly to its shaft; Fig. 6 is a section of the compound
valve represented in Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 7 represents a compound gate, to
which the speed and resistance governors may be applied in combination.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several Figures.
The speed governor I propose generally to employ is the common centrifugal
ball
whis is so well known that particular description is unnecessary.
Resistance governors are not so well known, and therefore it may be necessary
to describe fully the resistance governor I propose to employ. This resistance
governor may be applied directly to the main shaft of the engine or motor, or
to any intermediate shaft between it and the machinery, but preferably to a
shaft of the last-named kind when such is used. This shaft is represented by
A in the Drawings. The principal parts of the governor are two discs, wheels,
or heads B, B', of equal size, and a slide C. The disc B is keyed or other-
wise firmly secured to the shaft A, and the disc B¹ is keyed to the same
hollow shaft A as the pulley or gear wheel which receives the power from the
engine, as represented in Fig. 4, the said hollow shaft A¹ being capable of
turning to some extent on the shaft; or the disc B' may be keyed to a separate
shaft, which is arranged in line with A, and has the aforesaid crank pulley or
gear wheel secured to it. The two discs are placed nearly or quite close
together, and their opposite faces are furnished with similar or corresponding
projections, of which those on the disc B are marked a, a, and those on the
disc B¹ are marked a', a'; attached to either disc are a series of springs b, b,
which act between the projections of the two dises in opposition to the driving
power applied to the disc B', so that when the power is applied to drive the
machinery it is transmitted to the disc B by the springs. The disc B¹ is cut
away at two opposite parts of its periphery to receive two plates D, D, which
are secured to it, and contain grooves c, c, which run obliquely or spirally to
the shaft; or the said disc is otherwise constructed to contain the said grooves,
which are for the purpose of receiving studs d, d, formed upon or attached to
the sides of two bolts e, e, which are firmly secured to arms E, E, on the slide

page_text: C, and which slide freely through suitable holes bored through the disc B to
receive them. The slide C consists of a hub fitted to slide freely along the
shaft at the back of the disc B, and furnished with the two arms E, E, for
carrying the bolts e, e. The hub is grooved to receive the fork of a lever F,
which is attached to the valve, gate, or cut-off, upon which the governor acts
to control the speed.
The resistance governor operates in the following manner:-When the
motive power is applied through the disc B', the springs b, b, yield more or
less in proportion as the resistance increases or diminishes, see dotted lines;
Fig. 5, and thus the discs are caused to advance or recede relatively to each
other. These changes in the relative positions of the discs cause the spiral
grooves c, c; on the disc B₁ to act upon the bolts e, e, which slide through the
disc B, and to move the slide C along the shaft, and thus through the agency
of the lever F to operate upon the throttle valve, gate, or cut-off, in the required
manner and degree to govern the speed.
The compound valve G, represented in Figs. 1, 2, and 6, is in the form of a
hollow cylinder, open at one end and closed at the other. It fits over the end
of the steam pipe H, which brings the steam from the boiler, and is enclosed
within a valve box I, in which it is entirely surrounded by steam, the said
valve box having an outlet J for the passage of the steam to the engine. The
end of the steam pipe I is closed, but there are slotted openings f, f, on
opposite sides which correspond with openings h, h, in the valve. The lever F
is connected with the valve by a rod g, so as to move it only longitudinally
upon the pipe, and in that way, by changing the longitudinal relation of the
openings in the valve and pipe, to vary the effective opening in proportion as
the resistance of the machinery varies. The speed governor is to be connected
with the same rod g, but in such a way as to turn the valve on the pipe, and
thus to change the relation of the openings in a circular direction. No method
of applying the speed governor to the valve is shown, as it may be applied in
any of the modes in which it is applied to the common throttle valve.
The compound or double gate represented in Fig. 7 is more particularly
applicable to turbines or other water wheels, though a double gate valve of the
same kind may be applied to steam engines. The opening or passage j is
furnished with two sliding gates K, K', one working horizontally, and the
other vertically, the former being intended to connect with the speed governor,
and the latter with the resistance governor.
It will be understood that with either of the above compound valves, or any
other valve or arrangement of valves capable of controlling the area of the
orifice which supplies steam, water, or other motive agent by two movements

page_text: at right angles to each other, the resistance governor, and the common speed
governor may be employed together, and the engine or motor may be governed
both by the varying resistance and the varying power consequent upon unsteady.
pressure independently of each other. Instead of applying the speed and
resistance governors on different shafts,, their arrangement may be simplified
by applying both to one shaft or spindle.
Having thus fully described the particulars and nature of the said Invention,
it, must be particularly understood that I do not claim the Invention of a
resistance governor of itself; but what I claim is, the combination of a speed
governor with a resistance governor, in such manner that each shall exert
its own proper effect upon the motive power, producing thereby a compound
regulation without either of the said governors interfering with the action of
the other, as herein set forth.,
i
In witness whereof, I, the said Auguste Edouard-Loradoux Bellford, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this 13th day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
A. E: LORADOUX BELLFORD. (L.S.)
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