Improvements in Apparatus for Separating Grease from Water Running in Drains, and for Ventilating, Flushing, and Deodorising Drains.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Nov., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 5th Aug., 1892-Accepted, 24th Sept., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Separating Grease from Water
Running in Drains, and for Ventilating, Flushing, and
Deodorising Drains.
I, WILLIAM HENRY BODIN, of The "Acme" Plumbing and Sanitary
Engineering Works, Wednesbury, in the County of Stafford, Consulting
Sanitary Specialist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
-
The first part of this invention consists in the hereindescribed improved grease
trap for catching grease and separating it from greasy water passing into or along
drains.
In carrying out this part of my invention I provide a suitable vessel say of
stoneware or iron of round square or other shape in plan preferably large enough to
hold several gallons of cold water with which the said vessel is filled. The said
vessel has an open top which may be closed by a suitable lid or cover if desired.
In this vessel I provide one or more partitions arranged in concentric circles, or
in a zig-zag or other manner as to divide the vessel into two or more (preferably
several) narrow compartments connected together so that the greasy water
entering one of the compartments will have to flow along the same before it enters
the next compartment and then along that before it enters another and so on
through all the compartments until it escapes at the last. The object of the con-
partments is to make the hot greasy water travel through the greatest possible
quantity of cold water and thus cool the same and cause the grease to rise.
facilitate the removal of the grease the partitions are or may be made removable by
being fixed to a handle common to all by which they and the grease can be lifted
out of the vessel.
by
To
The second part of this invention has reference to ventilating flushing and
deodourising drains which I carry out as follows:-Upon a suitable stoneware or
like trap I provide what I call the body which is of square, cylindrical or other
shape open at the top and bottom and furnished with one or more side openings to
receive connections from the various drains as may be required. The top of the
body receives the soil pipe from w.c. and the soil passes through the body and trap
to the drain. The said side opening is or each of the side openings are connected
a pipe or pipes to a corresponding enlarged inlet or slop stone furnished with a
hinged grating to receive waste waters from bath lavatory sinks and the like
and to admit air to pass into the body and up the soil pipe to ventilate the same.
In order to pass the foul or soil pipe air from the soil pipe or smaller drains
which are connected to the body into the main drain beyond the said trap, [
provide on the "out-go" of the trap a connecting piece with one or more openings
and at the top there is or may be a removable cover to enable the inside to be
inspected. One of these said openings is furnished with a mica or other valve
opening inwardly and is connected by a suitable pipe to the lower part of the soil
pipe so that when soil or water is passing down the said pipe the foul air therein,
instead of rushing out at the air inlet as is usual, passes through the said valve and
connecting piece and into the drain. The said valve closes with a back draft and
thus prevents any foul air passing therethrough in the opposite direction. Another
of the said openings in the connecting piece may be furnished with a short pipe
and serve as another air inlet to the main drain which would then have a
ventilating pipe nearer to the sewer.
As the trap is separate from the said body, the "out-go" of the trap may be

page_text: turned in any direction to suit the drain, and to allow of this when the said air inlet
valve is used, the pipe or branch leading therefrom is connected to an additional
separate pipe or socket which I provide on the top of the said body and which can
be turned to suit the "out-go" in any direction independently of the said body, so
as not to dis-arrange the said other connections thereto.
In order to render a w.c. or other like flushing cistern noiseless in action and to
give an after flush in the basin I use an india rubber or other floating body in the
flushing tank which is so arranged as to close down upon the bottom of the
syphon at the finish of the discharge and thus prevent air rushing up the syphon
and down the down pipe, thus causing the water to flow from the down pipe
slowly at the finish and give an effective after flush.
In order to deodourise drains, w.c.'s, urinals, etc. I arrange in or adjacent to any
automatic or other flushing tank a closed vessel (which may have removable lid
or cover for filling) containing any deodourising fluid. At or near the bottom of
this vessel is a small outlet for the fluid which flows therefrom into a much
smaller vessel in which the liquid rises until it covers the said outlet, when as air
cannot enter the large vessel the flow ceases. In the said vessel is inserted the
short leg of a syphon, the long leg of which dips into the water in the flushing tank,
so that the deodourising fluid will syphon out of the said small vessel and mix
with the last part of the water as it is discharged from the tank thus deodourising
the w.c. basin or the urinal or drain into which the water flows. The said small
vessel after having been emptied by the syphon as above described is refilled ready
for the next flush by the deodourising fluid running out of the large vessel so that
the apparatus is automatic.
Another part of this invention has reference to those automatic intermittent
flushing tanks or apparatus for urinals drains latrines and other like purposes, in
which there is a syphon usually of the bell type, the long leg of the syphon
projecting through the bottom of the tank and trapping itself in a shallow trap
which is contained within a deeper trap so that when the water in the tank arrives
at a certain level it closes a small hole in the bell or short leg and confines the air
in the syphon, and when the water in the tank has risen to a certain higher level
the air confined in the long leg by increasing in pressure blows the water out of
the shallow trap and as the air can then escape the syphon is started and the
water rushes out through the deeper trap. A flushing apparatus of this kind is
described in the Specification accompanying my prior application for Letters
Patent No. 1435 of 1891. The object of this part of my present invention is to
dispense with the said small air hole in the short leg which allows the air to escape
from the syphon until the water has risen to the same level as the said hole. The
objection to the said small hole is that by letting air into the syphon after the
syphon is started the action of the syphon is somewhat impaired. This defect I
overcome by dispensing with the said small hole altogether and instead thereof I
provide a small syphon like pipe within the said syphon through which the air
escapes until a certain level is reached, the short leg of this small pipe being at the
level where the exit of air from the syphon is to be cut off, and the long leg of
the said small pipe passing down into the air space above the water which traps
the long leg of the syphon.
Dated this 2nd day of November 1891.
CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Separating Grease from Water
Running in Drains, and for Ventilating, Flushing, and
Deodorising Drains.
I, WILLIAM HENRY BODIN, of The "Acme Plumbing and Sanitary
Engineering Works, Wednesbury, in the County of Stafford, Consulting Sanitary
Specialist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
The first part of this invention consists in the hereindescribed improved grease
trap for catching grease and separating it from greasy water passing into or along
drains.
This part of my said invention is illustrated on the accompanying drawings by
Figures 1 to 10 both inclusive in all of which the same letters of reference indicate
the same or corresponding parts.
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a grease trap constructed according to this
invention;
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are sectional plans of the same;
Fig. 4 shews the removable partitions of the same separately and
Fig. 5 shews the said partitions in sectional elevation;
Figs. 6, 7 and 8 each shew in plan a modified form of my invention and
Figs. 9 and 10 illustrate a further modification.
In carrying out this first part of my invention I provide a suitable vessel A say
of stoneware or iron of round (Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10) square, rectangular,
(Figs. 7 and 8) or other shape in plan preferably large enough to hold several
gallons of cold water with which the said vessel is filled. The said vessel has an
open top which may be closed by a suitable lid or cover if desired for instance
such a cover as marked B in Figs. 1 and 10. In this vessel A I provide one or
more partitions c¹³ ³ d¹ d² arranged in concentric circles, or in a zig zag or other
manner as to divide the vessel into two or more (preferably several) narrow com-
partments connected together so that the greasy water entering one of the
compartments will have to flow along that before it enters another and so on
through all the compartments until it escapes at the last. The object of the said
compartments is to make the hot greasy water travel through the greatest
possible quantity of cold water thus cooling the greasy water and causing the
grease to rise. Various arrangements of the said partitions and compartments are
shewn by Figures 1 to 10 of my drawings but these are only intended as examples
and not as limiting the invention to the particular shapes and arrangements of
the partitions shewn. In the arrangement shewn by Figs. 1 to 5 there are three
concentric vertical partitions marked respectively el c2c and two vertical cross
partitions marked did the partition extending the whole depth of the vessel A
and the partition d' extending about half way down. The greasy water enters the
vessel A ate and flows along in the direction of the arrows in Figs. 2 and 3
between the first compartment c' and the vessel A. The greasy water then passes
through a hole f¹ in the bottom of the compartment into the space between that
compartment and the next and flows round as shewn by the arrows and through
a hole in the partition 2 and then round back again and through a hole f³ into
the top of the central outlet pipe g and down through the usual stench trap h. As
the water flows along the compartments it gradually cools and the grease rises to the
top and forms a cake i (see Fig. 5) sticking to the partitions. To facilitate the
removal of the grease the partitions may be and by preference are made removable
by being fixed to a handle j (see Figs. 1, 2 and 4) common to all by which they
and the grease can be lifted out of the vessel. The grease can then be readily.
removed from the partitions and the latter be replaced in the vessel A.

page_text: Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 shew various other ways of arranging the partitions and
compartments which will readily be understood from the foregoing description the
greasy water entering the vessel A in all cases at e and flowing round in the direction
of the arrows and out of the vessel at the outlet g.
Another part of this invention has reference to the ventilating of drains. By
this part of my invention I effectually prevent any foul air passing up gratings of
drains receiving waste water as from sinks lavatories rain water etc. and I ensure
the soil pipe being thoroughly ventilated and moreover I so construct the said
connections from other drains at the base of the soil pipe that they will suit any
direction it is desired for the various drains to take. This part of my invention I
carry out as follows:-Upon a suitable stoneware or like trap I provide what
I call the body which is of square, cylindrical or other shape open at the top and
bottom and furnished with one or more side openings to receive connections from
the various drains as may be required. The top of the body receives the soil pipe
from w.C. and the soil passes through the body and trap to the drain. The said
side opening is or each of the side openings are connected by a pipe or pipes to a
corresponding enlarged inlet or slop stone furnished with a hinged covering to
receive waste waters from bath lavatory sinks and the like and to admit air to pass
into the body and up the soil pipe to ventilate the same. In order to pass the foul
or soil pipe air from the soil pipe or smaller drains which are connected to the
body, into the main drain beyond the said trap I provide on the "out-go" of the
trap a connecting piece with one or more openings and at the top there is or may
be a removable cover to enable the inside to be inspected. One of these said openings
is furnished with a mica or other valve opening inwardly and is connected by a
suitable pipe to the lower part of the soil pipe so that when soil or water is passing
down the said pipe the foul air therein instead of rushing out at the air inlet as is
usual passes through the said valve and connecting piece and into the drain. The
said valve closes with a back draft and thus prevents any foul air passing there-
through in the opposite direction. Another of the said openings in the connecting
piece may be furnished with a short pipe and serve as another air inlet to the main
drain which would then have a ventilating pipe nearer to the sewer.
As the trap
is separate from the said body the " out-go of the trap may be turned in any
direction to suit the drain and to allow of this when the said air inlet valve is used,
the pipe or branch leading therefrom is connected to an additional separate pipe
or socket which I provide on the top of the said body and which can be turned to
suit the "out-go" in any direction independently of the said body, so as not to dis-
arrange the said other connections thereto.
This part of my invention is illustrated on the accompanying drawings by
Figures 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 to which I will now refer and in all of which the
same letters of reference indicate the same parts. A is the said "body" mounted
upon the ordinary stoneware or other like trap B of which latter is the outlet.
This body A is shewn cylindrical, but it may be of square or other convenient
is the soil pipe from w.c. connected to top of the body A through
which the soil passes and through the trap B to the drain. a a are the side
openings in the body A to receive connections from the various drains as herein-
after described. There may be either one or more of these side openings. The
enlarged inlets or slop stones to which the side openings are connected are marked
D¹ D². These slop stones or inlets are of large area and each is furnished with an
ordinary grating d (only shewn in Fig. 13) to receive waste water from down
pipes e from sinks, bath, lavatory, rain water etc. and to admit air (as shewn by the
arrows) to pass into the body A and up the soil pipe C to ventilate the same.
There is an ordinary cowl on the top of the soil pipe to cause an up draught. I
use either one two or more of these slop stones D' D³ according to the number and
positions of the down pipes conveying the waste water as aforesaid. For instance
in Fig. 11 there are two of these slop stones or air inlets marked respectively D' D'
and the dotted lines on the left hand side of Fig. 11 shew how the slop stones can
if required be fixed some distance from the body A and connected thereto by drain

page_text: pipes . In exposed positions where it is desirable to sink the trap B farther
into the ground to prevent its being frozen, the grating or inlet to the slop stone
may be carried up to the ground level by a length of pipe d² as shewn in Figs. 12
and 15 or by lengthening the slop stone pipe D itself as shewn in Fig. 13.
F is the connecting piece (see Figs. 14 and 5) which I provide on the "out-go"
of the trap B for the purpose of passing the foul or soil pipe air from the soil
pipe C and smaller drains (such as D1 D2 or other drains running into the body A)
into the main drain beyond the trap B. is the opening (in the connecting
piece F) which is furnished with the mica or other valve g opening inwardly into
the connection and is connected by the short pipe to the separate pipe or
socket H which I provide on the top of the body A at the base of the soil pipe C.
When soil or water is passing down the said soil pipe C the foul air therein instead
of rushing out at the air inlets D' D' passes through the valve g and connecting
piece Fand through the outlet of the trap B into the drain as shewn by the
arrows Fig. 14. The valve g closes with a back draft and thus prevents any foul
air passing therethrough in the opposite direction. The opening f³ in the con-
necting piece F may be furnished with a short pipe (not shewn on the drawing) and
serve as another air inlet to the main drain which would then have a ventilating
pipe nearer to the sewer.
As the trap B is made separate from the body A the "out-go" b of the trap may
be turned in any direction to suit the drain as will be seen by an examination of
Figures 11, 12, 13 14 and 15, and as shewn by the two latter Figures this is also
the case when the air inlet valve g is used as the pipe or socket H being made
separate both from the body A and the soil pipe C can be turned in any direction
to suit the "out-go" of the trap B, independently of the body A, so as not to
dis-arrange the other connections to the body. The air inlets or slop stones D' D²
have socket side openings such as i (see Figs. 14 and 15) for other small drains to
connect to them.
According to another part of my invention, in order to render a w.c. or other
like flushing cistern noiseless in action and to give an after flush in the basin, I
use an india rubber or other floating body in the flushing tank which is so arranged
as to close down upon the bottom of the syphon at the finish of the discharge
and thus prevent air rushing up the syphon and down the down pipe, thus causing
the water to flow from the down pipe slowly at the finish and give an effective
after flush.
This part of my invention as applied to a w.c. flushing cistern is illustrated on
the accompanying drawings by Figs. 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22 of which
Figure 16 is a sectional elevation of a flushing cistern embodying my invention repre-
sented as filled with water ready to be discharged; Fig. 17 is a sectional elevation
of the lower part of the same representing the water being discharged; Fig. 18
shews the same parts as Fig. 16 in the positions which they occupy after the flush
has taken place; Fig. 19 shews the bell part of the syphon separately; Fig. 20 is
a cross sectional plan on line X X of Fig. 16; Fig. 21 shews the float of the said
apparatus separately and Fig. 22 shews the float applied to a flushing tank of the
kind shewn in Fig. 26 hereinafter referred to. The same letters of reference
indicate the same parts in Figs. 16 to 22 both inclusive.
A is the flushing tank filled by means of the usual ball valve J; C is the usual
long leg of the syphon open at top and bottom and D is the removable bell or short
leg of the syphou carried at the forked end of the lever K by which the bell can be
moved up or down. In this particular flushing cistern the lower part of the
bell D is immersed in a cylindrical well L which is provided at the bottom of the
tank A and this lower part is provided with an india rubber valve m which is
a little smaller in diameter than the bell this valve fitting in an annular groove d²
in the bell D against an upper flange d¹. These parts of the flushing cistern are
of the usual kind and I make no claim in respect of them except when used in
combination with the india rubber or other floating body N for the purpose above
referred to. This float N is shewn separately by Fig. 21 and it is by preference

page_text: of an annular form surrounding the bell D and free to rise and fall with the water.
The stops o fixed to the bell D prevent the float N rising too high and coming
into contact with the lever K. The float N is of such a size as to close
the top of the well L or inlet to the syphon as shewn in Figs. 18 and 22
when resting thereon and on a flange p which I provide for that purpose on the
bell D.
The flushing tank having been charged up the float N then rests under the
stops o as shewn in Fig. 16; then when the bell D is lifted by the lever K the
water flows past the valve m which is free to bend downwardly around the edge
as shewn in Fig. 17 and upon the beli D being allowed to descend the water in the
annular space between the outside of the long leg C and the syphon is set in
action; the water flowing past the valve m as shewn in Fig. 17 until the tank A is
emptied when the float N will rest upon and close the top of the well L (as shewn
in Fig. 18 and in Fig. 22) and effectually prevent any air passing up the bell, thus
making the flush noiseless at the finish.
Another part of my said invention consists of the apparatus for deodourising
drains w.c.'s urinals etc. as I will now describe by referring to Figures 23, 24
and 25 of which Fig. 24 is a front elevation of a deodouriser constructed according
to this invention fixed in a flushing tank, part of which is also shewn and marked 1;
Figs. 24 and 25 are sectional elevations illustrating the action of the same. The
same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in Figures 23, 24 and 25.
In carrying out this part of my invention I arrange in or adjacent to any
automatic or other flushing tank a closed vessel P (which may have a removable
air tight lid or cover for filling) containing any deodorising fluid. At or near
the bottom of this vessel P is a small outlet p² for the fluid which when the
deodouriser is in action as hereinafter described, flows therefrom into a much
smaller vessel Q in which the liquid rises until it covers the said outlet ² when
as air cannot enter the large vessel P the flow ceases. In the small vessel Qis
inserted the short leg of a syphon R, the long leg of which dips into the water in
the flushing tank l. q' is a small air pipe leading from the vessel to above the
water level in the tank. The action of the said deodouriser is as follows:-
When the flushing tank is charged with water ready for a flush the syphon R
small vessel Q and part of the vessel Pare covered by the water as shewn in
Fig. 24.
When the flush takes place and the water level in the tank sinks to
below the bottom of the short leg of the syphon R the deodourising fluid
commences to syphon out of the small vessel Q and to mix with the last part of
the water as it is discharged from the tank (see Fig. 25) thus deodourising the
w.c. basin or the urinal or drain into which the water flows. The small vessel Q
after having been emptied by the syphon R as above described is refilled ready for
the next flush by a small quantity of the deodourising fluid running out of the
large vessel through the small hole p² so that the apparatus is automatic. I
prefer to make the deodourising liquid by filling the vessel P with any deodourising
substance such for instance as permanganate of potash which will dissolve in
water then a small quantity of this will be dissolved by the water from the
vessel Qafter each flush. The vessel P may as shewn be made with a hook p³ so
as to hang from the top of the tank.
Another part of this invention has reference to those automatic intermittent
flushing tanks or apparatus for urinals drains latrines and other like purposes in
which there is a syphon usually of the bell type the long leg of the syphon
projecting through the bottom of the tank and trapping itself in a shallow trap
which is contained within a deeper trap so that when the water in the tank arrives
at a certain level it closes a small hole in the bell or short leg and confines the air
in the syphon and when the water in the tank has risen to a certain higher level
the air confined in the long leg by increasing in pressure blows the water out of the
shallow trap and as the air can then escape the syphon is started and the water
rushes out through the deeper trap. A flushing apparatus of this kind is
described in the Specification of my prior Letters Patent No. 1435 of 1891. The

page_text: object of this part of my present invention is to dispense with the said small air
hole in the short leg which allows the air to escape from the syphon until the
water has risen to the same level as the said hole. The objection to the said small
hole is that by letting air into the syphon after the syphon is started the action of
the syphon is somewhat impaired. This defect I overcome as I will now describe
by referring to Fig. 26 in which-A is the flushing tank which is filled with water
through a cock as usual and B is the outlet through which the water issues when
it has risen to a certain level in the tank A. The tank A is provided with a bell
syphon of which C is the open topped long leg and D is the bell or short leg open
at the bottom and closed at the top. At the bottom of the long leg C is arranged
the double trap consisting of a shallow trap E in which the long leg C dips and
a deeper trap F into which an extension e of the shallow trap E dips. Instead of
having a small hole in the bell or short leg D of the syphon to allow the air to
escape until the water has risen in the tank to the level of that hole as is usual I
provide according to this part of my invention the small air pipe I which is open
at each end and is bent into a syphon shape and fixed inside the bell D. The
end of the short leg of this pipe I is at the level where the outlet of air from
the syphon is to be cut off and the end of the other or longer leg communicates
with the air space above the trapping water in the trap F. The syphon I is
carried up above the top of the tank A. It will be seen that as the water rises in
the tank A the air can escape from the bell syphon by the pipe I until the end
of the latter is closed by the rising water. The air is then compressed in the bell
syphon and ultimately blows the water out of the shallow trap E and starts the
syphon as described in the Specification of my said prior Patent No. 1435 of
A.D. 1891. The use of the pipe I has this advantage over the said usual small
hole that the pipe I does not admit air to the bell syphon when the latter is in
action which is the case when the said small hole is used which as above stated
slightly retards the flow from the syphon.
It will be evident that the pipe I can, without departing from the nature of my
invention, be similarly applied to those intermittent flushing traps which have a
bent syphon pipe instead of the bell syphon A D.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
:-
1. In a vessel forming a grease trap for catching grease and separating it
from greasy water passing into or along drains, the use of vertical partitions
arranged so as to divide the said vessel into several compartments and cause the
greasy water entering the trap to flow through the said compartments before it
issues at the outlet the said partitions being fixed tegether and removable from the
trap for the purpose and substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
2. In a vessel forming a grease trap for catching grease and separating it from
greasy water passing into or along drains, the use of vertical partitions arranged
so as to divide the said vessel into several compartments and cause the greasy
water entering the trap to flow through the said compartments before it issues at
the outlet for the purpose and substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
3. Grease traps constructed and arranged to act in the manner and substantially
as hereinbefore described and illustrated by Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10
of the accompanying drawings.
4. In combination with a soil pipe and a stoneware or like trap such as B the
use of a 66
body" such as A connecting the soil pipe and trap together and one or
more combined air inlets and slop stones such as D¹ D' arranged to form both
fresh air and waste water inlets to the bottom of the soil pipe for the purposes
and substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 11, 12, 13, 14
and 15 of the accompanying drawings.
5. In combination with a stoneware or like trap B and a body such as A and
waste water and fresh air connections as denoted under Claim 4, the use of the

page_text: connecting piece F and socket H constructed and arranged to pass the soil pipe air
from the soil pipe or smaller drains which are connected to the body A into the
main drain beyond the trap and prevent the foul air passing from the drain into
the soil pipe substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by Figures 14
and 15 of the accompanying drawings.
6. In a syphon flushing cistern for water closets and for other like uses the
employment of an india rubber or other floating body such as N adapted to rise and
fall with the water in the cistern and to close down on to the inlet to the syphon
just before the end of the discharge and thus prevent air rushing up the syphon
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by Figures 16, 17, 18, 19,
20, 21 and 22 of the accompanying drawings.
7. The improved apparatus for deodourising drains, w.c.'s, urinals etc. con-
structed and arranged to operate substantially as hereinbefore described with
reference to Figures 23, 24 and 25 of the accompanying drawings.
8. In or connected with a flushing tank for drains, w.c.'s, urinals etc. the use of
the improved deodourising apparatus arranged and operating substantially as
hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 23, 24 and 25 of the accom-
panying drawings.
9. In an automatic intermittent flushing apparatus for drains urinals and for
other purposes in which the water is discharged from the flushing tank by a
trapped syphon when the water in the tank reaches a certain level, the employ-
ment of a small syphon shaped air pipe such as I arranged in the bell or short
leg of the syphon so as to allow the air to escape from the syphon only until the
rising water closes one end of the air pipe and so as not to admit air to the
syphon when in action, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by
Figure 26 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 28th day of July 1892.
CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,
Agent for the Applicant.