Improvements in Rolls to be used in the Manufacture of Knee Bars and Carriage or Road Vehicle Axles.
Year: 1898

page_text: Improvements in Rolls to be used in the Manufacture of Knee Bars
and Carriage or Road Vehicle Axles.
We, JABEZ LONES and EDWARD HOLDEN, trading as Lones, Vernon and Holden,
of Sandwell Iron and Axle Works, Smethwick, in the County of Stafford, Manu-
facturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in rolls to
be used for rolling taper iron or steel bars or, moulds," from which knee bars
are to be made and also for rolling the iron or steel" moulds," from which carriage
or road vehicle axles are to be made with taper arms, circular in cross section and
with taper beds flat in cross section, the tapering of the said beds being in the
direction of their length or edgewise or both.
The rolled tapered knee bars or "moulds" have enlargements or projections
left on one face where the right angle bending of a portion of the bar takes
place; or the tapering of one face of the bar extends from each end to the middle
thereof where it is thickest and where the right angle bending takes place.
The arms and bed parts of "moulds" fashioned and tapered according to our
invention may be used for making various kinds of axles such as the Drabble
type of axle where a collar is stationed between the arm and bed and the
Lancashire cart or other cart or dray axle where the collar is replaced by a
shoulder or "knocker on one face of the bed and between the bed and arm.
Our improvements relate to those kind of rolls called back action or segmental
rolls the said rolls consisting of grooved rolls with gaps or cut away parts in
their peripheries, a stop in front of the rolls limiting the distance to which
the bar or article under operation can be passed between the coincident gaps
or cut away parts in the rolls; the bar or shaped article being returned by the
back action rolls to the workman in front of the rolls.
19
According to our improvements we provide the pair of back action or segmental
rolls with grooves preferably inclined situated on opposite sides of the middle
collars of the two rolls. These grooves are inclined in opposite directions;
the bar after being rolled in one groove is turned and rolled in two or more of
the other grooves.
The outer ends of the grooves or spaces of the rolls are
closed by collars on the ends of the top roll and the inner ends of the said
grooves or spaces by the middle collar of the bottom roll.
The grooves or spaces between the rolls are made taper corresponding with
the longitudinal taper to be given to the knee "moulds' or axle "moulds" and
have also the cross sectional figure of the said moulds" to be rolled.
"
The two rolls are geared or locked together by toothed wheels on one end or
on both ends of the barrels of the rolls, the said gearing or locking wheels being
either solid with the barrels or made separately and keyed thereto.
By thus gearing or locking together the pair of back action rolls the fashioning
parts of one roll are brought with great exactness opposite corresponding fashion-

page_text: "
ing parts of the other roll and the accurate fashioning of the bar or mould is
thereby obtained.
看着
In using our improved back action rolls for the taper rolling of the knee bars
or moulds" or the axle "moulds" hereinbefore referred to, we take a heated
square billet or thick flat bar of iron or steel and pass the end of the part to
be fashioned and tapered between the gaps or cut away parts of the rolls and
against the stop at the front of the rolls. The rolls seize the bar, taper it, and
return the tapered bar or "mould" to the workman in front of the rolls.
The bar or "mould" is passed alternately into the two inclined grooves of the
rolls a sufficient number of times to perfect the figure of the bar or
"mould,"
and convert it into a knee mould or axle mould, the tapered mould produced being
without or practically without fin or burr.
Dated this Sixteenth day of February 1898.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.
Improvements in Rolls to be used in the Manufacture of Knee Bars
and Carriage or Road Vehicle Axles.
We, JABEZ LONES and EDWARD HOLDEN, trading as Lones, Vernon and Holden,
of Sandwell Iron and Axle Works, Smethwick, in the County of Stafford, Manu-
facturers, do hereby declare the nature of our invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
Our invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in rolls to
be used for rolling taper iron or steel bars or "moulds" from which knee bars
are to be made, and also for rolling the iron or steel "moulds" from which carriage
or road vehicle axles are to be made, with taper arms, circular in cross section, and
with taper beds flat in cross section, the tapering of the said beds being in the
direction of their length, or edgewise, or both.
"
The rolled tapered knee bars or moulds" have enlargements or projections
left on one face where the right angle bending of a portion of the bar takes
place or the tapering of one face of the bar extends from each end to the middle
thereof where it is thickest and where the right angle bending takes place.
The arms and bed parts of "moulds fashioned and tapered according to our
invention may be used for making various kinds of axles such as the Drabble
type of axle where a collar is stationed between the arm and bed and the
Lancashire cart or other cart or dray axle where the collar is replaced by a
shoulder or 66 knocker" on one face of the bed and between the bed and arm.
Our improvements relate to those kind of rolls called back action or segmental
rolls the said rolls consisting of grooved rolls with gaps or cut-away parts in
their peripheries, a stop in front of the rolls limiting the distance to which
the bar or article under operation can be passed between the coincident gaps
or cut-away parts in the rolls; the bar or shaped article being returned by the
back action rolls to the workman in front of the rolls.
According to our improvements we provide the pair of back action or segmental
rolls with grooves preferably inclined situated on opposite sides of the middle
collars of the two rolls. These grooves are inclined in opposite directions
the bar after being rolled in one groove is turned and rolled in two or more of
the other grooves. The outer ends of the grooves or spaces of the rolls are

page_text: closed by collars on the ends of the top roll and the inner ends of the said
grooves or spaces by the middle collar of the bottom roll.
The grooves or spaces between the rolls are made taper corresponding with
the longitudinal taper to be given to the knee "moulds" or axle "moulds" and
have also the cross sectional figure of the said moulds" to be rolled.
The two rolls are geared or locked together by toothed wheels on one end or
on both ends of the barrels of the rolls, the said gearing or locking wheels being
either solid with the barrels or made separately and keyed thereto.
By thus gearing or locking together the pair of back action rolls the fashioning
parts of one roll are brought with great exactness opposite corresponding fashion-
ing parts of the other roll and the accurate fashioning of the bar or mould" is
thereby obtained.
66
In using our improved back action rolls for the taper rolling of the knee bars
or moulds" or the axle "moulds" herein before referred to we take a heated
square billet or thick flat bar of iron or steel and pass the end of the part to
be fashioned and tapered between the gaps or cut away parts of the rolls and
against the stop at the front of the rolls. The rolls scize the bar, taper it and
return the tapered bar or mould " to the workman in front of the rolls. The
bar or
mould" is passed alternately into the two inclined grooves of the rolls
a sufficient number of times to perfect the figure of the bar or mould" and
convert it into a knee mould or axle mould, the tapered mould produced being
without or practically without fin or burr.
"
66
"
We will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawings
the manner in which our invention is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in front elevation and Figure 2 in cross section taken on
the line, Figure 1, a pair of back action or segmental rolls constructed accord-
ing to our invention for rolling taper iron or steel moulds from which knee
bars are to be made; Figure 3 represents the square billet from which the knee
mould is to be rolled and Figures 4 to 13, both inclusive, represent the various
rolling stages of the knee mould, and Figure 14 represents the finished knee
mould ready for the right angle bending to form the knee bar, the said bending
taking place opposite the enlargement or projection 11 left on one face of the bar.
a, bare the back action or segmental rolls having at the ends of their barrels
and within the housings of the rolls the gearing wheels c, c; c, c for gearing
and locking together the said rolls and thereby ensuring that the fashioning
parts of one of the rolls shall be brought, with great exactness, opposite corre-
sponding shaping parts of the other roll as before explained. The gearing wheels
may be situated at one end only or at the middle of the barrels of the rolls
instead of at both ends as represented.
d, d are the gaps in the two rolls and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 are the grooves
or spaces of the rolls, all the grooves excepting the first groove 1 being inclined
to one another. The tapering or acting parts of the inclined grooves 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7 and 8 are situated in the upper roll a confining collars on the lower roll b
completing and closing the grooves or spaces in the upper roll a as represented.
The taper of the grooves or spaces corresponds with the longitudinal taper to
be given to the knee moulds and the said grooves have a cross sectional figure
corresponding with the cross sectional figure of the moulds to be rolled. The
rolls rotate in the direction of the arrows represented in Figure 2 so as to return
the rolled mould to the workman at the front B of the rolls. The workman
standing at the front B of the rolls introduces, by means of his tongs, the heated
billet between the rolls when the gaps d, d are brought opposite one another.
the distance to which the billet is introduced between the rolls being determined
by a stop in front of the rolls or by the tongs holding the billet coming against
the flat stop or cut away parts of the rolls as indicated in dotted lines in
Figure 2. On the billet being introduced between the gaps and through the
groove, the rolls in their further rotation seize the billet, taper and fashion it

page_text: and return the tapered and fashioned bar or mould to the workman in front of
the rolls.
In rolling the knee bar or mould by the use of the back action segmental rolls
constituting our invention we proceed as follows.
We take the heated square billet of iron or steel Figure 3 and introduce it up
to the line y between the groove 1 of the rolls as represented in Figure 2. By
the back action of the rolls the 'billet is elongated and made taper on opposite
sides. The partly rolled billet is again passed into the groove 1 and further
rolled the bar now having the form represented in Figure 4. We take the taper
bar Figure 4 and pass it in a similar way through the inclined groove 2 of the
rolls so as to further elongate it and taper it on one face and at the same time
round one of its angles. The bar or mould has now the form represented in
Figure 5. The bar Figure 5 is next passed through the groove 3 of the rolls
and further elongated and made taper on one of its faces and the other angle
of the bar rounded as represented in Figure 6. We next take the bar Figure 6
and pass it through the groove 4 of the rolls. The bar is then inverted and
passed through the groove 5 and brought back to and again passed through the
groove 4. The bar Figure 7 is thereby produced the partly rolled mould being
without fin or burr.
The bar or mould Figure 7 is now turned so as to present the unoperated upon
end marked 10 to the rolls which unoperated end 10 is fashioned in the rolls
to complete the mould in the following manner. The thick end 10 of the bar
or partly made mould Figure 7 is passed in succession through the grooves 1, 2
and 3 of the rolls and tapered on one face and elongated so as to give it the
respective forms represented in Figures 8, 9 and 10 thereby leaving between the
two rolled parts of the bar the partly made projection or enlargement marked 11.
The bar or mould Figure 10 is next passed in succession through the grooves 4
and 5 so as to give it the form represented in Figure 11, and then through the
groove 6 so as to give it the form represented in Figure 12. The part 10 of
the bar is thereby further tapered and the form of the projection 11 perfected.
The bar Figure 12 is next passed through the groove 7 then turned over and
passed through the groove 8 and finally rerolled in the groove 7 for perfecting its
figure. The bar or mould after the last described rollings has the form
represented in Figure 13. The bar or mould Figure 13 is next operated upon
in a pair of dies so as to bring the parts on either side the projection or enlarge-
ment 11 at a slight angle to one another as represented in Figure 14 which
represents the finished knee mould. The knee mould Figure 10 is converted
into a knee bar by bending the parts on either side the projection or enlarge-
ment 11 at a right angle as is well understood.
Figure 15 represents in side elevation and Figure 16 in cross section on the
line 7, Figure 15, a pair of back action or segmental rolls for rolling iron or
steel short bed, cart axle moulds constructed according to our invention. The
said rolls are constructed and worked substantially in the manner hereinbefore
described with respect to the rolls Figures 1 and 2 for rolling knee moulds, the
shape of the grooves being varied to fit the rolls for the rolling of an axle mould. 4
d, d are the gaps or cut away parts of the rolls a, b, the said rolls rotating
in the direction of the arrows Figure 16 to return the billet or partly rolled
mould to the workman at the front B of the rolls, the barrels of the rolls being
geared together, within the housings of the rolls, by the toothed wheels c, c; c, c.
In rolling an axle mould for the manufacture of a short bed cart axle by the 5
use of the rolls Figures 15 and 16 we proceed as follows:-We take a square
heated billet of iron or steel and pass it into the gaps d, d of the rolls so that
a little more than half of it, to form the arm of the axle mould, projects from
the eye of the groove 9 of the rolls as represented in Figure 16. By the back
action of the rolls the billet is elongated and the opposite faces of those parts of 5
the billet presented to them tapered and the tapered billet returned to the work-
man at the front of the rolls. The billet after this, the first, stage of the rolling

page_text: operations has the form represented in Figure 17, given to it. The tapered
portion of the partly rolled mould Figure 17 is next passed in succession through
the inclined grooves 10 and 11 of the rolls so as to give the partly made mould
first the shape represented in Figure 18 and afterwards that represented in
Figure 19. The partly made mould Figure 19 is next passed first through the
groove 12 of the rolls and afterwards through the groove 13. It is then again
passed into the groove 12 for finishing. The partly made mould after the last
described rolling operations has the form given to it represented in Figure 20
and the short bed part of the axle mould is complete.
The
From the unoperated upon part 18 of the mould Figure 20, the arm and
shoulder or collar of the axle mould is rolled in the following manner.
said part 18 of the mould being presented to the rolls is passed into the grooves 14,
the recess 14 at the mouth of the said groove 14 having such a figure that
during the rolling operation in the said groove 14 a shoulder or collar is left
between the bed and arm of the axle mould. Figure 21 represents the mould
after it has been operated upon in the groove 14 and recess 14", where the
partly made arm is marked 18 and the shoulder or collar between the arm and
bed is marked 19. By passing in succession the partly made arm 18, Figure 21,
into the grooves 15, 16 and 17, the said arm i8 is drawn down or elongated and
has first the form given to it represented in Figure 22; next that represented in
Figure 23 and afterwards that represented in Figure 24. The axle mould is
finished by planing away the curve at the upper face of the bed where it joins
the collar 19 so as to remove the said curve and give the mould the form repre-
sented in Figure 25.
The improved rolls represented may be used with slight modification for
rolling various kinds of axle moulds. For example, they may be used for
relling cart axle moulds having a long bed as represented in Figure 26, or the
Lancashire cart axle mould represented in Figure 27 or the various kinds of
Drabble axle moulds represented in Figures 28, 29, 30 and 31; Figure 28 repre-
senting a Drabble axle mould with a short bed, Figure 29 the same with a long
bed; Figure 30 a Scotch Drabble axle mould with long bed and Figure 31 a
Scotch cart Drabble axle mould. Or the Australian dray axle mould repre-
sented in Figure 32 or the Cape dray axle mould represented in Figure 33 may
be rolled by the use of our improved rolls.
**
knocker" on one face of the
In the axle mould Figure 33 the shoulder or
bed may have a collar, indicated in dotted lines, rolled upon it in addition to
the said shoulder or knocker.
The axle moulds Figures 26, 27, 32 and 33 are rolled from square billets and
the axle moulds Figures 28, 29, 30 and 31 from cylindrical billets, but when the
Cape dray axle mould Figure 33 requires a solid collar it is rolled from a cylin-
drical billet.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that we claim
as our invention:―
First: The improvements in rolls to be used for rolling taper iron or steel
bars or moulds from which knee bars are to be made hereinbefore described
and illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings, the said
improvements consisting essentially in the combination with the gaps of back
action or segmental rolls of a series of tapering grooves 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
constructed and arranged and acting substantially as described for elongating
and tapering the bar or mould and fashioning a shoulder between the tapering
parts of the bar or mould.
Secondly: The improvements in rolls to be used for rolling various kinds of
axle moulds herein before described and illustrated in Figures 15 and 16 of the
accompanying drawings, the said improvements consisting essentially in the
combination with the gaps of back action or segmental rolls of a series of

page_text: tapering grooves constructed, arranged and acting substantially as described for
rolling and fashioning the beds and arms of the axle moulds and for fashioning
between the said beds and arms collars, shoulders or knockers.
Thirdly The combination with back action or segmental rolls of the kinds
claimed in Claims One and Two of gearing wheels on the barrels of the rolls and
within the housings of the rolls for ensuring the accurate fashioning of the bar
or mould being rolled as herein before described and illustrated in Figures 1
and 15 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated the Twenty-sixth day of October 1898.
JABEZ LONES.
EDWARD HOLDEN.