IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF RIBBONS AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS USED IN SUCH MANUFACTURE
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Berghaus, of Wichlinghausen, near Barmen,
in the Kingdom of Prussia, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF RIBBONS AND IN THE MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS USED IN SUCH MANUFACTURE."
Sealed the 16th September 1864, and dated the 21st March 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Berghaus at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st March 1864.
I, PETER BERGHAUS, of Wichlinghausen, near Barmen, in the Kingdom of
Prussia, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF RIBBONS AND IN THE MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS USED IN SUCH MANUFACTURE," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists principally in manufacturing ribbons in a peculiar
form, applicable specially to the formation of collars, cuffs, and other articles,
and trimmings for ladies' dress. The ribbon may be of any material or pattern
desired, but instead of being wovèn in a straight strip, as hitherto invariably
practised, it is woven in a circular coil or helical form, so that all that is
necessary to form a collar or cuff of such ribbon is to cut off the required
length and hem or bind the ends. The ribbons are woven in the ordinary
ribbon weaving loom, but instead of being wound on to a straight or parallel
work beam or roller, as usual, each ribbon passes through a pair of conical
fluted rollers, which are driven at the proper speed to take up the work as it

page_text: is woven, the rollers being pressed together by weighted levers. It will be
evident that as the weaving proceeds, that edge of the ribbon which passes
between the larger diameters of the rollers will be advanced quicker than the
other edge, which passes between their smaller diameters, and hence the
ribbon, instead of being straight, will be woven in a circle, and will bang down
in front of the rollers in a coil or helix, the radius of the curve given to the
ribbon being determined by the amount of taper given to the rollers. The
quicker the taper of the rollers the smaller will be the circle of the ribbon,
and, on the contrary, the nearer the rollers approach to a cylindrical form the
nearer will the ribbon approach to a straight line.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Peter Berghaus in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
20th September 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PETER
BERGHAUS, of Wichlinghausen, near Barmen, in the Kingdom of Prussia,
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day. of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Peter Bergbaus, Her special licence that I, the said Peter
Berghaus, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Peter Berghaus, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF RIBBONS AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS USED IN
SUCH MANUFACTURE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Peter Berghaus, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their bands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Peter Berghaus, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement in writing, and on reference to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings,
that is to say-
This Invention consists principally in manufacturing ribbons in a peculiar
form, applicable specially to the formation of collars, cuffs, and other articles,
and trimmings for ladies' dress. The ribbon may be of any material or pattern
desired; but instead of being woven in a straight strip, as hitherto invariably
practised, it is woven in a circular coil or helical form, so that all that is
necessary to form a collar or cuff of such ribbon is to cut off the required
length and hem or bind the ends. The ribbons are woven in the ordinary
ribbon weaving loom, but instead of being wound on to a straight or parallel
work beam or roller as usual, each ribbon passes through a pair of conical
fluted rollers, which are driven at the proper speed to take up the work as it
is woven, the rollers being pressed together by weighted levers. It will be
evident that as the weaving proceeds, that edge of the ribbon which passes
between the larger diameters of the rollers will be advanced quicker than the
other edge which passes between their smaller diameters, and hence the
ribbon, instead of being straight, will be woven in a circle, and will hang down
in front of the rollers in a coil or helix, the radius of the curve given to the
ribbon being determined by the amount of taper given to the rollers. The
quicker the taper of the rollers the smaller will be the circle of the ribbon,
and, on the contrary, the nearer the rollers approach to a cylindrical form the
nearer will the ribbon approach to a straight line.
Such being the nature and object of my said Invention for "Improve-
ments in the Manufacture of Ribbons and in the Machinery or Apparatus
used in such Manufacture," will now proceed to describe more in detail
the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into
practical effect; and in order that the same may be distinctly understood, I
have annexed hereunto a Sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof, and have
marked the same with figures and letters of reference corresponding with
those in the following explanation thereof, that is to say :-
:
In the annexed Drawing, Fig. 1 represents a side view, and Fig. 2 a front
elevation of the improved machinery or apparatus which I employ for the
purposes-of my Invention.
The apparatus consists-principally of a pair of conical fluted rollers a, a,
mounted in suitable standards b, b, which are screwed or otherwise fixed to
the breast beam of the ribbon loom, one pair of these rollers being placed in

page_text: front of each division of the loom. The rollers a, a² are geared together by
a rim of spur teeth c, c, and the axis of the lower roller is provided with a
spur wheel d, d, driven by a similar wheel e, e, keyed upon the driving shaft f,f,
which extends the whole breadth of the loom, and actuates all the conical
fluted rollers, being supported in suitable bearings 9, g. The upper roller a
is kept in firm contact with the lower one a¹ by means of weighted levers h, h,
which press upon the brasses or bearings that carry the axis of the upper
roller. The conical fluted rollers a, a¹, are employed, as above described;
instead of the cylindrical work beam ordinarily used, to take up the ribbon as
it is woven, and the effect is that the edge of the ribbon nearest to the
larger diameter of the conical rollers is drawn forwards faster than the
opposite edge, and hence the ribbon (instead of being straight) will be woven
in a continuous curve, and will hang down in a spiral coil or "ringlet" in
the front of the machine.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention for
Improvements in the Manufacture of Ribbons and in the Machinery or
Apparatus used in such Manufacture," together with the manner in which the
same is to be or may be performed or carried into practical effect, I would
remark in conclusion that I claim as my Invention,-
Firstly, the peculiar novel mode or method of manufacturing ribbons in a
continuous curve, as above described. ⚫
And, secondly, I claim the employment of the conical work rollers in pairs
(whether fluted or otherwise), in the manner and for the purpose above
particularly set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Berghaus, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
PET. BERGHAUS. (L.B.)