Improvements in Machines for Grinding Bread and Oraokers for Culinary Purposes.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Aug., 1896-Accepted, 3rd Oct., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Grinding Bread and Oraokers for
Culinary Purposes.
I, EMMA TAYLOR, of 929 Pine Street in the City and County of San Francisco,
State of California, United States of Amorica, Cook, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention aud in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has for its object to provide for the use of cooks a machine for
reducing stale bread or crackers to a condition of powder, or to various degrees of
coarseness, for culinary purposes; the machine being capable of adjustment to produce
different grades of coarseness and fineness; of being operated by hand and of being
roadily cleaned and kept in a clean condition.
I secure and attain these ends and objects by the construction and combination of
parts as hereinafter fully described and pointed out in the claim, reference being had to
the drawing that accompanies and forms part of this specification, in which :-
Figure 1 is an elevation of my improved machine with the outer case or body in
longitudinal section;
Figure 2 is a horizontal cross-section at the line - Figure 1 ;
Figure 3 is a similar section at the line y-y;
The body of the machino is composed of the base A, the oylindrical chamber B and
the conical or funnel-shape upper end B'. These parts are cast together with longi-
tudinal ribs, or alternating grooves bb* and projections around the interior surface of
the conical portion and also with a rectangular opening for un ontlet on one side
of the cylindrical part, and an inclined bottom that extends beyond the cylindrical
body like a spout.
The grooves before mentionod gradually decrease in size and regularly converge
at equal distances apart, from the top rim downward to the bottom of the cone where
it joins the cylinder, and also extend into the cylindrical portion for a short distance
with a gradual decrease in depth until they merge into the smooth wall of the
cylindrical part.
The base A is cast open with three logs a a a and a middle brace or center plate A'
having a stop or box A' for the foot of an upright spindle D.
A similar support or bearing for the upper end of this spindle is provided in a two
arin spider or bridge E across the open top of the cone.
On the side of one of the legs on the base is cast a bearing F for a horizontal
shaft G by which power is applied to rotate the spindle.
Such shaft and spindle is connected by a miter-gear H and pinion H' and a
hand-crank I is fixed on the outer end of the shaft for driving it.
The foot of the spindle is turned off of smaller diameter and is stepped in a block A
Bet into the box A' and resting on a set screw by means of which the block A* is
adjusted vertically in the box. The gear H is fixed on the spindle D by a slot
and feather to permit of such vertical adjustment of the spindle.
On this spindle extending through the center of the casing is scoured the grinding
cone, composed of a short cylindrical part K at the bottom and a conical upper
part K' of about the same perpendicular length as the surrounding conical chamber,
but having less degree of taper, so that the space between this cone and the surrounding
wall regularly decreases from the top to the bottom.
The cone K' is grooved spirally from top to bottom, the grooves being of rect-
angular forin in cross-section, like the threads of a square-threaded screw, and the

page_text: lower cylinder portion K is also grooved longitudinally from the upper part about
balf way down, such grooves m decreasing in depth and merging into the smooth
cylindrical lower portion.
The surrounding walls of the casing are similarly grooved as indicated at 6 b* and
the lower portion surrounding the smooth part of the cylinder K has a smooth
surface without grooves.
By virtue of this construction it will be evident that as the grinder K K' is sot up
or down in the surrounding casing the space and passages between the stationary and
the revolving grinding surfaces will be changed accordingly, and the machine be
made to reduce the substance to different degrees or condition of fineness, according
to the crumbs or the powder produced by the machine.
This adjustment is effected by setting the stop block up or down by means of
the screw/.
In operating the machine as thus constructed, tho stale bread or other substance
is broken into pieces about the size of a walnut and is fed into the open funnel-shape
top of the machine, while the crank is turned. The pulverized or reduced product
is then discharged at the spout into a receptacle X placed under it, and is in condition
for use.
Stale bread and crackers are thus reduced to the required degree of fineness,
according to the purpose for which they are desired, such as for frying oysters,
fish, for croquettes, and for other uses in concocting dishes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
1 claim is :-
The herein described machine for grinding bread and crackers for culinary purposes,
comprising the frame having supporting logs and bearings for the shafts, the inverted
hollow conical chamber having an open top and terminating in a cylindrical lower
portion with an outlet opening in one side and a slanting bottom extending beyond
said opening, a spirally grooved grinding cone mounted on a central upright shaft
in said conical chamber and having a longitudinal grooved cylindrical lower portion,
an operating shaft provided with a hand-crank and geared into the upright shaft
carrying the grinding cone, and a vertically adjustable box in which the bottom of the
said shaft is stepped, substantially as described, to operate as set forth.
Dated this 13th day of August 1896.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.