IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDING AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Griffith Brewer, of Chancery Lane, London, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDING AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."
A communication from abroad by George Woolnough and Friedrich Dehne,
both of Halberstadt, in Germany.
Sealed the 12th December 1876, and dated the 14th June 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Griffith Brewer at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th June 1876.
EDWARD GRIFFITH BREWER, of Chancery Lane, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MOULDING AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR." A communication from abroad by
George Woolnough and Friedrich Dehne, both of Halberstadt, in Germany.
The object of this Invention is to save time and labor as compared with the
ordinary mode of moulding, especially in fat sand.
According to the ordinary mode the pattern halves are placed on a board, the
mould box placed thereover and the moulding material put in; the box is then
turned over, the second halves of patterns put on and the moulding material put
therein. Finally, the patterns are taken out and the runners made for the inlet
of the melted metal. The defects of this method are that the patterns by constant
use soon become defective, requiring constant repairs, and that the castings seldom
are perfect. By the removal of the patterns the edges of the mould often become
injured and have to be repaired; in moulding tooth wheels the so repaired teeth
become harder than the others because the mould there is made wetter, and this
causes unequal wear and tear and consequent irregular working. To obviate this
the patterns have been screwed on to a straight planed plate which was laid
between the box parts or halves, but these were found to be expensive.
Now, according to this Invention, the patterns and plate are cast together all as
herein-after described. The patterns are first moulded in the usual way, and when
both box halves are ready for the casting a square wooden frame, of the thickness
of the aforesaid plate, is laid between both the box halves. The casting is then
proceeded with, and the moulding plates so made are perfectly correct and suitable,
and require a moulding table or apparatus of the following description :-
The apparatus consists mainly of two hollow pillars screwed on to a cast-iron
bed plato, and made to shift closer together or further apart. In each of the

page_text: columns there is a screw spindle, which each can be moved up or down by means
of a worm wheel on a spindle which has a handle or hand wheel; the spindle passes
through stuffing boxes at the columns to prevent the entrance of sand; the worn
wheels are similarly covered by cases; the screw spindles are also for the same
purpose below encased in closed tubes. The screw spindles have heads above,
which can turn thereon and can be fixed by means of set screws. These heads
form the bearings for the pivots of the aforesaid moulding plate, and also carry
tubular casings which enclose the upper part of the screw spindles to prevent the
sand dust from entering. The moulding plate pivots can be fixed in position by
means of set screws. To the inner sides of the columns are fixed strong plates
which form the rails for the wheels on a movable table; these plates can by means
of their fastening screws fitting in slots be adjusted in their positions. There must
of course be a table apparatus for each width of moulding plate.
The mode of moulding according to this Invention is as follows:-The moulding
plate is first placed with its pivots in their bearings formed in the aforesaid heads;
the one moulding box half is then placed thereon and fastened thereto by keys or
by screws. The sand is now stamped into it, then the moulding plate is raised,
turned over on its pivots, and lowered again. The box is then loosed from the plate
and lifted off. The box lifts quite vertically out of the sand, as the table by means
of the screw spindles can be adjusted exactly, when worn they are turned up a
little so that the worm wheels come into exact gear. The finished box half stands
on the movable table is drawn away under the moulding plate and put by. By
the aforesaid turning over of the moulding plate it is made ready for receiving the
second box half as the side therefor is turned upwards. The second box half is
then put on and fastened, and the aforesaid process repeated.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Edward Griffith Brewer in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 14th
December 1876.
EDWARD GRIFFITH BREWER, of Chancery Lane, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MOULDING AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR.' A communication from abroad by
George Woolnough and Friedrich Dehne, both of Halberstadt, in Germany.
The object of this Invention is to save time and labour as compared with the
ordinary mode of moulding, especially in fat sand.
According to the ordinary mode the pattern halves are placed on a board, the
mould box placed thereover and the moulding material put in; the box is then
turned over, the second halves of patterns put on, and the moulding material put
therein. Finally, the patterns are taken out and the runners made for the inlet of
the melted metal. The defects of this method are that the patterns by constant
use soon become defective, requiring constant repairs, and that the castings seldom
are perfect. By the removal of the patterns the edges of the mould often become
injured and have to be repaired; in moulding tooth wheels the so repaired teeth
become harder than the others because the mould there is made wetter, and this
causes unequal wear and tear and consequent irregular working. To obviate
this the patterns have been screwed on to a straight planed plate which was laid
between the box parts or halves, but these were found to be expensive.
Now, according to this Invention, the patterns and plate are cast together all as
herein-after described. The patterns are first moulded in the usual way, and when
both box halves are ready for the casting a square wooden frame of the thickness
of the aforesaid plate is laid between both the box halves. The casting is then
proceeded with and the moulding plates so made are perfectly correct and suitable,
and require a moulding table or apparatus of the following description :-
-

page_text: In Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is shewn such a moulding_table in
vertical cross section; Figure 2 is an end elevation partly in section; and Figuro 3
is a plan; h is the moulding plate which is also shewn in Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7.
The apparatus consists mainly of two hollow pillars A, A, screwed on to a cast-
iron bed plate a and made to shift closer together or further apart. In each of
the columns A, A², there is a screw spindle b and b¹, which each can be moved up
or down by means of a worm wheel c, c¹, on a spindle d which has a handle c or
hand wheel; the spindle passes through stuffing boxes i at the columns to prevent
the entrance of sand; the worm wheels are similarly covered by cases ff; the
screw spindles b, b¹, are also for the same purpose below encased in closed tubes B.
The screw spindles b, b¹, have heads g, g¹, above, which can turn thereon, and can
be fixed by means of set screws m, m¹. These heads form the bearings for the
pivots of the aforesaid moulding plate and also carry tubular casings o, o¹, which
enclose the upper part of the screw spindles to prevent the sand dust from entering.
The moulding plate pivots can be fixed in position by means of set screws p, p¹.
To the inner side of the columns are fixed strong plates r, r², which form the rails
for the wheels on a movable table 8; these plates can by means of their fastening
screws fitting in slots be adjusted in their positions. There must of course be a
table apparatus for each width of moulding plate.
The mode of moulding according to this Invention is as follows:-The moulding
plate his first placed with its pivots in their bearings formed in the aforesaid
heads g, g; the one moulding box half is then placed thereon and fastened thereto
by keys tor by screws. The sand is now stamped into it, then the moulding
plate h is raised, turned over on its pivots, and lowered again. The box is then
loosed from the plate and lifted off. The box lifts quite vertically out of the sand
as the table by means of the screw spindles b, b', can be adjusted exactly; when
worn they are turned up a little so that the worm wheels come into exact gear.
The finished box half stands on the movable tables is drawn away under the
moulding plate and put bye. By the aforesaid turning over of the moulding plate h
it is made ready for receiving the second box half as the side therefor is turned
upwards. The second box half is then put in and fastened and the aforesaid process
repeated.
The pouring funnels may be stamped into the second box half, but this is not
absolutely necessary. This method of moulding can be exercised by any intelligent
labourer.
Figure 8 is a separate side elevation; and Figure 9 a plan of the casting made
by this moulding process, and also shewn together with the moulding plate in
Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7.
And having thus fully described this Invention I declare that I claim,—
The method of moulding, substantially as herein set forth.
Also, the manufacture and application of the peculiar mould plates h in combi-
nation with the moulding table constructed therefor, with the wheels c, c', and
spindles b, b, for counteracting the wear, substantially as set forth.
of our Lord
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Griffith Brewer, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of December, in the
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
year

page_text: Filed 11th June 1877.
IN
In the Matter of Letters Patent granted to EDWARD GRIFFITH BREWER, of
Chancery Lane, London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
MOULDING AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR." (A communication from
abroad by George Woolnough and Friedrich Dehne, both of Halberstadt,
in Germany,) bearing date the 14th June 1876, No. 2456.
DISCLAIMER AND MEMORANDUM OF ALTERATION as proposed to be
entered by the said Edward Griffith Brewer, pursuant to the Statutes in that
case made and provided.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
GRIFFITH BREWER, of Chancery Lane, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters Patent
under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, bearing
date the Fourteenth day of June, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six, did
give and grant unto me, the said Edward Griffith Brewer, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, the sole privilege, for the term of fourteen years thence next
ensuing, of making, using, exercising, and vending, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and the Isle of Man, the said
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDING AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR," (a
communication to me from abroad by George Woolnough and Friedrich Dehne, both
of Halberstadt, in Germany):
And whereas, in pursuance of a proviso in the said Letters Patent contained, I,
the said Edward Griffith Brewer, did, within six calendar months next after the
date of the said Letters Patent, cause a Specification or instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, purporting to describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same was to be performed, to be duly filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office:
And whereas since the filing of the said Specification it has transpired that
part of the said Invention, as described and claimed in the said Specification, may
be objected to on the ground that as described and claimed it was not new, and
whereas some obvious errors have inadvertently been made therein; I in conse-
I

page_text: quence thereof am desirous of disclaiming and altering parts of the said Specification
and the claiming clauses in manner following, that is to say :-
_"
On page 2, line 45 of the Queen's Printers' copy, to add the following words,
viz. According to a more novel mode of moulding one or more patterns are cast
together with a flat plate from original patterns divided in balves."
$t
Same page, line 46, to cancel the two words "and plate," and insert between the
words "cast together" and the words "all as herein-after" the words "with a
plate having pivots at two opposite sides."
'patterns "
Same page, line 47, to insert between the word "the" and the word "
the word "original," and between the word "patterns" and the words "
moulded" the words " not being divided into halves.
are first
Same page, line 48, to cancel the words "square wooden," and substitute for the
same the words "suitable pattern."
Same page, line 49, to cancel the words "is laid between both the box halves,"
and substitute therefor the words "and having the aforesaid pivots is laid on one
of the box halves and the mould of the plate, and the half pivots is made from it;
the other half pivots are moulded in the other box half."
Same page, line 50, to cancel the words "plates so made are perfectly correct and
suitable, and requires," and substitute for them the words "plate so made after
that the pivots have been turned and the casting trimmed in the usual way is
suitable for the purpose of moulding from, and requires."
Same page, line 51, to insert between the words "or apparatus" and the words
"of the following" the words "which may be."
"
On page 3, line 8, to insert between the words "at the" and the word "columns
the words "top of the," and after the word "columns" to close the sentence by a
semicolon.
Same page, line 9, to omit the semicolon after the word "sand," and also the word
"similarly.'
"
Samé page, Kne 17, to substitute for the word " on 1" the word "of" before the
words " a movable table."
the words
"
Same page, line 24, to introduce between the words "its pivots" and the words
"and lowered «
together with the box attached;" also in the same line to
substitute the word "plate" for the word "box," and in line 25 the word "box"
for the word "plate;" in the same line to cancel the word "box" and substitute
therefor the word "pattern" before the words "lifts quite;" in line 26 to substitute
for the word "table" the word "plate;" in line 28 for the word "stands" the
word "standing;" in line 31 for the word "in" the word " on;" and in line 36 to
cancel after the words "a plan of" the word "the" and substitute for it the
word "a."
•
“
Same page, line 39, to insert between the words "declare that I" and the word
'claim "the words "am aware that patterns have heretofore been cast with plates
from original patterns divided into halves; I am also aware that a moulding machine
with a rising-and-falling turnover plate has heretofore been applied for assisting in
moulding but "I."
"
Same page, line 40, to introduce between the words "of moulding" and the
words "substantially as the words "in which a moulding plate h, made as described,
is applied in combination with a moulding table or apparatus."
"counteracting"
D
Same page, lines 41, 42, and 43, to substitute for the words between "also" and
"fer" the words "in the moulding table or apparatus used in combination with
the peculiar mould plates h, the wheels c, c', and spindles b, b', which are provided
with casings for preventing the entry of sand, and thus."
A
And the said Specification when disclaimed and altered will read as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to save time and labour, as compared with the
ordinary inode of moulding, especially in fat sand.
According to the ordinary mode the pattern halves are placed on a board, the
mould box placed thereover, and the moulding material put in; the box is then

page_text: turned over, the second halves of patterns put on, and the moulding material put
therein; finally the patterns are taken out and the runners made for the inlet of
the melted metal. The defects of this method are that the patterns by constant use
soon become defective, requiring constant repairs, and that the castings seldom are
perfect. By the removal of the patterns the edges of the mould often become
injured and have to be repaired. In moulding tooth wheels the so repaired teeth
become harder than the others because the mould there is made wetter, and this
causes unequal wear and tear and consequent irregular working. To obviate this
the patterns have to be screwed on to a straight planed plate which was laid
between the box parts or halves, but these were found to be expensive.
According to a more novel mode of moulding one or more patterns are cast
together with a flat plate from original patterns divided in halves. Now according
to this Invention the patterns are cast together with a plate having pivots at two
opposite sides, all as herein-after described. The original patterns not being
divided into halves are first moulded in the usual way, and when both box halves
are ready for the casting a suitable pattern frame of the thickness of the aforesaid
plate and having the aforesaid pivots is laid on one of the box halves and the mould
of the plate and the half pivots is made from it; the other half pivots are moulded
in the other box half. The casting is then proceeded with and the moulding plate
so made, after that the pivots have been turned and the casting trimmed in the
usual way, is suitable for the purpose of moulding from, and requires a moulding
table or apparatus which may be of the following description:-
In Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is shewn such a moulding table in
vertical cross section; Figure 2 is an end elevation, partly in section; and Figure 3
is a plan; h is the moulding plate, which is also shewn in Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7.
The apparatus consists mainly of two hollow pillars A, A, screwed on to a cast-
iron bed plate a and made to shift closer together or further apart. In each of the
columns A, A¹, there is a screw spindle b and 61, which each can be moved up or
down by means of a worm wheel c, c¹, on a spindle d, which has a handle e or hand
wheel. The spindle passes through stuffing boxes i at the top of the columns. To
prevent the entrance of sand the worm wheels are covered by cases f, f. The screw
spindles b, b', are also for the same purpose below encased in closed tubes B. The
screw spindles b, b', have heads g, g¹, above, which can turn thereon and can be fixed
by means of set screws m, m¹. These heads form the bearings for the pivots of the
aforesaid moulding plate, and also carry tubular casings o, o¹, which enclose the
upper part of the screw spindles to prevent the sand dust from entering. The
moulding plate pivots can be fixed in position by means of set screws p, p². To
the inner side of the columns are fixed strong plates r,, which form the rails for
the wheels of a movable table 8; these plates can by means of their fastening
screws fitting in slots be adjusted in their positions. There must of course be a
table apparatus for each width of moulding plate.
The mode of moulding according to this Invention is as follows:-The moulding
plate his first placed with its pivots in their bearings formed in the aforesaid heads
g, g¹; the one moulding box half is then placed thercon and fastened thereto by
keyst or by screws. The sand is now stamped into it, then the moulding plate h
is raised, turned over on its pivots together with the box attached, and lowered
again. The plate is then loosed from the box and lifted off. The pattern lifts
quite vertically out of the sand as the plate, by means of the screw spindles b, b¹,
can be adjusted exactly; when worn they are turned up a little so that the worm
wheels come into exact gear. The finished box half standing on the movable
table & is drawn away under the moulding plate and put bye. By the aforesaid
turning over of the moulding plate h, it is made ready for receiving the second box
half, as the side therefor is turned upwards. The second box half is then put on
and fastened, and the aforesaid process repeated.
The pouring funnels may be stamped into the second box half, but this is not
absolutely necessary. This method of moulding can be exercised by any intelligent
labourer.

page_text: Figure 8 is a separate side elevation, and Figure 9 a plan of a casting made by
this moulding process, and also shewn together with the moulding plate in Figures
4, 5, 6, and 7.
And having thus fully described this Invention, I declare that I am aware that
patterns have heretofore been cast with plates from original patterns divided into
halves; I am also aware that a moulding machine with a rising and falling turn-
over plate has heretofore been applied for assisting in moulding, but I claim,-
The method of moulding in which a moulding plate h, made as described, is
applied in combination with a moulding table or apparatus, substantially as herein
set forth.
Also in the moulding table or apparatus used in combination with the peculiar
mould plates h, the wheel c, c¹, and spindles 5, 61, which are provided with casings
for preventing the entry of sand, and thus counteracting the wear, substantially as
set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Griffith Brewer, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
I hereby grant my fiat, giving leave to the above-named Edward Griffith 2
Brewer to file in the Great Seal Patent Office, with the Specification to which
the same relates, the above-written Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration.
HARDINGE S. GIFFARD.
Temple, June 11th, 1877.