Year: 1888

page_text: I JULIUS KINDER of 143 William Street in the City of Brooklyn, State of New
York, United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
I will describe in detail a method for making chains embodying my improvements,
and then point out the novel features in claims.
In the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is a view of a portion of a bar.
Fig. 2 is a view of the same after it has been subjected to the first step in my
process.
'
.
Fig. 3 is a view of the same after having been subjected to the second step in my
process.
•
Fig. 4 is a view of the same after having been subjected to the third step.
Fig. 5 is a view of the same after having been subjected to the fourth step.
Fig. 6 is a face view showing a convenient machine for perfecting the chain, and
embodying the fifth step in my process.
Fig. 7 is a view of the completed chain.
Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the Figures.
My process involves the making of so called cable chains, in which the links are
solid, that is to say, all the links of the chain are continuous, and are formed without
welding.
In carrying out my improvements, I first tako a bar of metal, such, for instance, as
is shown in Fig. 1, which is cylindrical. This bar 1 subject to the action of com-
pressing rollers, which may be of the usual or any ordinary type, and by which the
bar is compressed into the form illustrated in Fig. 2. Having been thus compressed,
the bar is subjected to the action of the dies, by which depressions or indentations are
compressed or formed in the bar, in the manner illustrated in Fig. 3, that is to say,
the ribs a of the bar are compressed at regular intervals throughout their lengths, so
that indentations are formed, which indentations extend to, or somewhat inwards of
the surfaces of the ribs c of the bar. The indentations in the ribs a are formed

page_text: opposite each other, so that there are pairs of these indentations. In the ribs c, other
indentations are formed, corresponding in their distances apart, arrangement, and
form, with the indentations in the ribs a, except that the indentations in the ribs care
intermediate of the indentations in the ribs a, as will be seen more clearly in Fig. 3.
The indentations in the ribs c I have lettered d. The dies for forming these
indentations are such that the adjacent ends of the portions of the ribs a, c, which are
intermediate of the indentations, will be curved in the direction of the lengths of the
ribs, and also from the sides of the ribs, in such manner that when the indentations
have all been made, the bar will present the appearance of a chain, the links of
which have rounded corners, as is more clearly seen in Fig. 3. The dies may be
of any ordinary or desirable kind, and may be operated so as to make indentations
in the ribs a c at the same time. The dies will be also of such construction that
they will cut slits e in the bar, which will separate the side portions of the links
formed in the ribs a from the end portions of the links formed in the ribs Cj and
vice versa. This portion is also shown more clearly in Fig. 3.
The next step in the process is illustrated more clearly in Fig. 4, and consists in
passing a former, which may be of any ordinary type, and operated in any desirable
way, downwardly, so that it will pass between the ends of the links, and remove
the portion of metal marked f, and at the same time will force out the side portions
of the links into the form and shape illustrated more clearly in Fig. 4.-The process;
at this stage, has brought the bar into a condition where it represents a continuous
chain. The links are, however, as yet not rounded upon their side portions, and
they are all secured together rigidly.
The next step, illustrated more clearly in Fig. 5, consists in subjecting the links to
dies, which give a rounded exterior to the links:-These dies are merely compression
dies of ordinary type, and may be operated in any suitable way.. It now becomes.
necessary to separate the links one from another. For this purpose, I pass the still
rigid bar through, a suitably forin +-shaped aperture in a cutter head D, which is
fixed, and does not rotate. I have shown a convenient tool for this purpose in Fig. 6,
and a shaped aperture g formed therein, through which the bar is shown as being
passed. Mounted to slide loosely in guides hon said cutter head, are chisels or cutters 1,
adapted to move inwardly and outwardly toward and from the centre of the cutter
head. It will be observed that they have pointed inner ends, and when moved to
their fullest extent, these ends will meet. I have shown a convenient means for
causing the movement of the chisels, consisting in a rotary rim E, adapted to rotate
in a peripherical groove i in the cutter head. The rim E is connected to the chisels
or cutters by means of links j, which links are pivotally connected near one of their
ends to the rim E, and at the other of their ends to the chisels. Each of the links is
provided with a longitudinal slot j¹, into which extends a pin j from the cutter head.
It will be readily seen that when the rim E is rotated in one direction, the chisels
or cutters h¹ will be moved inwardly, and when it is rotated in the other direction, the
chisels or cutters will be moved outwardly. The chain bar is passed through the
aperture 9 until the points are successively brought into a position directly opposite
the chisels or cutters 7, the arrangement of the latter being such, that when they are
moved inwardly, they will cut between the link portions k k² of the chain at the
points, and meeting at the centre, will sever the one link from the other. This
operation having been performed, the chain is completed as is illustrated more clearly
in Fig. 7.
Although I have described my process as consisting of a series of steps succeeding
each other in operation, it is quite obvious that the cruciform bar might be. sub-
jected to the operation of a single-die, or a number of dies arranged to operate in
unison, whereby not only would the indentations & be formed at one portion of the
bar, but the link shaped portions just formed, and in advance of the dies operating
to form the indentations, would be subjected to the operation of opening to bring
the chain into the condition shown in Fig. 4, while the link portions in advance
of those being opened, might be subjected to the rounding and finishing operation.
Therefore, with each operation of the die or series of dies operated in unison, all

page_text: the different steps of the process may be performed, with the exception of the
original step, consisting in rolling the bar into cruciform shape, and the final step
of separating the links; in fact, all the dies and the cutters might operate in unison,
so that the bar may be fed continuously to the first roller die, and emerge beyond
the cutter a completed chain.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
The process of making a chain consisting in taking a bar of metal, passing it
througli dies or rollers wheroby it is compressed into cruciform shape; next sub-
jecting the ribs of the cruciform bar to the action of dies by which the said ribs are
compressed and indented at intervals so as to form link-shaped portions on the bar,
having rounded corners, separating the sides of the link-shaped portions from the ends
of other of the link-shaped portions; next opening out the sides of link-shaped
portions, and removing superfluous metal from between the ends of adjacent link-
shaped portions; next subjecting the link-shaped portions to dies by which they are
rounded upon their exterior surfaces; and finally, separating the link shaped portions
from each other by means of cutters, substantially as described.
TAL: 11th December 1888