IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES FOR RAISING AND LOWERING WINDOW BLINDS, PARTLY APPLICABLE TO OTHER RAISING AND LOWERING PURPOSES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Philip Richards, Henry Hackett Mott, Charles
Francis Mott, and Joseph Howes, all of the City of London, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES FOR RAISING AND LOWERING
WINDOW BLINDS, PARTLY APPLICABLE TO OTHER RAISING AND LOWERING
PURPOSES."
Sealed the 27th January 1874, and dated the 81st July 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Philip Richards, Henr
Hackett Mott, Charles Francis Mott, and Joseph Howes, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
81st July 1878.
We, PHILIP RICHARDS, HENRY HACKETT MOTT, CHARLES FRANCIS
MOTE, and JOSEPH HOWES, all of the City of London, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES FOR
RAINING AND LOWERING WINDOW BLINDS, PARTLY APPLICABLE TO OTHER BAINING
AND LOWERING PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
We mount a chain or spoke wheel and a pawl wheel on the blind
roller at one end of same, and we, by preference, make the chain wheel
and the pawl wheel in one brass casting, and we attach them to the
blind roller by means of screws or pins or other suitable means. An

page_text: endless chain passes round the spoke wheel which may be fitted with
steel spokes or have cast projections. A pawl is so suspended from the
bracket which supports this end of the blind roller or from some other
convenient place as to fall into the teeth of the pawl wheel; the pawl
and the chain are so connected together, the chain by preference simply 5
passing freely through an eye formed on the pawl, that the pawl can be
raised or its tooth or teeth drawn out of the pawl wheel teeth by pulling
the chain back from the window or other place to which the blind is
fitted.
The action of this arrangement is as follows:-To lower the blind 1
pull the chain back; the pawl thus being released from the pawl wheel
the blind will descend by its own weight (blinds as is well known
being usually fitted with a lath at the bottom whereby a sufficient
weight is obtained for the purpose); to stop the descent of the blind at
any desired point it is only necessary to let go the chain, the weight of 1
which in addition to the weight of the pawl, and if required, an
additional weight connected thereto will cause the laths to fall into the
teeth of the pawl wheel and thus stop the blind at the point desired.
The blind is raised by pulling one side of the chain down in the ordinary
way, or it may if desired be done by means of a spring or counterweight, 2
but we prefer the mode described.
The combination of the endless chain and the pawl freely connected
thaanko described may also be applied to other apparatus for raising
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, 25
filed by the said Philip Richards, Henry Hackett Mott, Charles
Francis Mott, and Joseph Howes in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 31st January 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, PHILIP
RICHARDS, HENRY HACKETT MOTT, CHARLES FRANCIS MOTT, and 30
JOSEPH HOWES, all of the City of London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-seventh year

page_text: .
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto us, the said Philip Richards, Henry Hackett Mott, Charles
Francis Mott, and Joseph Howes, Her special licence that we, the said
Philip Richards, Henry Hackett Mott, Charles Francis Mott, and Joseph
Howes, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we,
the said. Philip Richards, Henry Hackett Mott, Charles Francis Mott,
and Joseph Howes, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an In..
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES FOR RAISING AND LOWERING WINDOW.
BLINDS, PARTLY APPLICABLE TO OTHER RAISING AND LOWERING PURPOSES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Philip Richards, Henry
Hackett Mott, Charles Francis Mott, and Joseph Howes, our executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
E
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Philip Richards, Henry Hackett
Mott, Charles Francis Mott, and Joseph Howes, do hereby declare the
nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement reference being had to the accompanying Drawings,
and to the letters of reference marked thereon, that is to say :-
-
We mount a chain or spoke wheel and a pawl wheel on the blind
roller, at one end of the same, and we by preference make the chain
wheel and the pawl wheel in one brass casting, and we attach them to
the blind roller by means of screws or pins or other suitable means.
An endless chain passes round the spoke wheel which may be fitted with
steel spokes or have cast projections. A pawl is so suspended from the
bracket which supports the end of the blind roller or from some other
convenient place as to fall into the teeth of the pawl wheel; the pawl
and the chain are so connected together, the chain by preference simply
passing freely through an eye formed on the pawl so that the pawl can
be raised or its tooth or teeth drawn out of the pawl wheel teeth by.

page_text: pulling the chain back from the window or other place to which the
blind is fitted.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a front elevation of
apparatus constructed according to one arrangement of our Invention;
Figures 2, 3, 4, and 5, are views shewing the different parts of the same
in detail; Figure 2 being a view in section of the end of blind roller
fitted in cap; Figure 3, a side elevation of bracket supporting cap in
one end of blind roller carrying the pawl and chain wheel, the pawl
being removed in order to shew the parts clearly; Figure 4 is an inside
view of bracket with chain wheel in section shewing chain and pawl 1
lever; and Figure 5 is a view of similar parts with the chain. removed
and the pawl lever drawn out from its wheel; similar letters of reference
refer to like parts in all these Figures. a is the chain wheel; b, the
pawl wheel; c, the pawl lever and pawl; and d, the chain passing
round the wheel a; e is loop in pawl lever for chain to pass through.
The action of this arrangement is as follows:-To lower the blind
pull the chain d back, the pawl c being thus released from the pawl
wheel 6 the blind will descend by its own weight, blinds as is well
known being usually fitted with a lath at the bottom whereby a
sufficient weight is obtained for the purpose; to stop the descent of the
blind at any desired point it is only necessary to let go the chain ₫, the
weight of which in addition to the weight of the pawl c and, if required,
an additional weight connected thereto will cause the pawl c to fall into
one of the teeth in the ratchet of pawl wheel b, and thus stop the
blind. The blind is raised by pulling one side of the chain down in the.
ordinary way, or it may, if desired, be done by means of a spring or
counterweight, but we prefer the mode described, thereby dispensing
with springs or anything of a complicated nature or likely to get out of
order.
Figure 6 is a front elevation of an apparatus, also constructed
according to our Invention, but of a somewhat modified form to that
just described. Figures 7, 8, and 9, are views in detail of the parts
separately, Figure 7 being a face view of ratchet wheel shewing chain
and chain wheel in dotted lines; Figure 8 a face view of bracket
with pawl and pawl lever, shewing the position of parts when the
pawl is engaged in the ratchet wheel, which is shewn in dotted
lines; and Figure 9 shews the same with the pawl released; similar
letters of reference refer to like parts in all these Figures. a is the

page_text: chain wheel; 6 is the pawl wheel; o is the pawl; and o³ the pawl lever
for operating some; d is the chain passing round the wheel a; and e is
loop in pawl lever for chain to pass through.
The action is as follows:-Upon pulling the chain & outwards the
pawl lever o¹ acts against the pawl c and raises it out of the teeth of the
pawl wheel b, which latter is then free to revolve and the blind conse-
quently descends by its own weight and that of the lath attached to it,
in precisely the same manner as in the previous arrangement, and its
descent is stopped by letting go the chain which allows the pawl to fall
into the ratchet and thereby to stop the rotation of the roller; the blind
is again raised, when required, by pulling the chain in the reverse
direction.
The combination of the endless chain and the pawl freely connected
thereto as described, may also be applied to other apparatus than those
described for raising and lowering weights when fitted with pawl and
spoke wheel or wheels as described, and the application to such purpose
is so evident by reference to the Drawings given and to the description
thereof, that it is quite unnecessary to further illustrate this application
by additional Drawings.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we claim as our
improvements in appliances for raising and lowering window blinds,
partly applicable to other raising and lowering purposes, the employ-
ment of a spoke wheel and pawl wheel on a roller or shaft with an
endless chain, in such manner that the pawl can be freely caused to
engage in the spoke wheel or its equivalent or be disengaged therefrom,
substantially in the manner and for the purposes described and illus-
trated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Philip Richards, for myself and on
behalf of Henry Hackett Mott, Charles Francis Mott, and Joseph
Howes, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Thirty-first
day of January in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
SATY