IMPROVEMENTS IN BREWING APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Bucknall and Thomas Silvester Bucknall both of
Kidderminster in the County of Worcester for an Invention of "IMPROVE-
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Bucknall and
Thomas Silvester Bucknall at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on
the 27th March 1883.
WILLIAM BUCKNALL and THOMAS SILVESTER BUCKNALL both of Kidderminster
in the County of Worcester "IMPROVEMENTS IN BREWING APPARATUS APPLICABLE
TO OTHER PURPOSES."
Our invention has for its object improvements in brewing apparatus applicable
to other purposes and refers in particular to that part of the brewing apparatus
known as the Mashtun, and which we call a "Mashtun wort circulator and
improver."
Our mashtun wort circulator and improver has the effect of not only circulating
the wort in a most effective manner but it also raises its temperature simul-
taneously and yet most simply and the heat of the mash can be raised or lowered
in temperature at will. Indeed so effective is the invention that the time occupied
in the process is reduced very considerably as compared with the old process, and
the extract is superior in quality and strength.
Our Mashtun wort circulator and improver probably shows to the best advantage,
when a certain proportion of raw grain is used in the process where the saving by
the use thereof is very considerable. It will also be useful to Distillers and
Vinegar Makers in the Mashtuns and to the latter for oxidizing their mash.
The wort at the bottom of the mashtun has always a tendency to be colder
than at the Centre and in the old process there would be sometimes a difference
in heat between the temperature at the top, centre and bottom of several degrees
Fahrenheit. To equalize this difference in temperature many devices have been
adopted, one of which is to fix a vessel inside at the centre having an internal coil
of steam piping which heats the liquid at that part to a high temperature causing

page_text: it to rise up the centre and thus a certain amount of circulation is obtained with
beneficial results. Mash Tuns so made are much better than the old ones but the
cost is very great. Now our invention is designed to effect the same object of
equalizing the temperature in the various parts of the mashtun without augmenting
its cost more than very slightly and as a result of our process the wort would be
heavier and superior and our mashtuns can be worked with great economy of
heat, and time.
"
We will now explain one of our Mashtun wort circulator and improvers" as it
would be used for brewing:
At one or more places in the bottom of the mashtun we bore a suitable hole or
holes in which we fit a nipple, nipples, pipe, or pipes. Connected with these
nipples or pipes or holes is one or more upright pipe or pipes which passes or pass
up the outside of the mashtun and turns or turn over the top edge to any
convenient position over the sparger or other spreading arrangement. At any
convenient part of this connecting pipe but by preference immediately on a level
with the surface of the Goods in the mashtun we fix a small. lifter or other
instrument or valve formed by a bulged projection in the pipe in which is a nozzle
pointing in the direction in which the fluid will flow. Connected with the bottom
of this nozzle is a steam pipe communicating with steam in a boiler évaporating
steam from pure water. Now immediately the steam is turned on a vacuum is
created in the bulge and the wort in the pipe is raised thereby and immediately.it
reaches the bulge it is raised in temperature by the direct action of the steam and
from this point the wort is driven into the sparger or other spreader in its heated
state and thus circulation is set up between the bottom and the top by the direct
action of the wort so raised being gradually heated by the steam. By these means
no room is occupied by heating machinery in the mashtun and the treatment has
an increased effect in the conversion of Malt and raw grain into Saccharine matter
without loss. The action of the steam upon the wort and mash by our new
We do not
process is most beneficial in its effect and economical in its results.
however confine ourselves to the exact mode described of fixing the pipes because
they may be carried up the inside of the mashtun with similar effect.
cases a stand pipe or pipes would be made to stand in the mashtun and the pure
steam would be applied at any convenient point above the base.
In other

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Bucknall and Thomas Silvester Bucknall in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 26th September 1883.
WILLIAM BUCKNALL and THOMAS SILVESTER BUCKNALL both of Kidderminster
in the County of Worcester Brewers "IMPROVEMENTS IN BREWING APPARATUS
APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
"
Our Invention has for its object improvements in brewing apparatus applicable
to other purposes and refers in particular to that part of the brewing apparatus
known as the Mashtun and which we call a "Mashtun goods convertor and wort
circulator" Our mashtun goods convertor and wort circulator has the effect of
not only circulating the wort in the most effective manner but it also raises its
temperature simultaneously and yet most simply and the heat of the mash can
be increased in temperature at will. Indeed so effective is the invention that the
time occupied in the process is reduced very considerably as compared with the
The invention
old process and the extract is superior in quality and stronger.
probably shows to the best advantage when a certain proportion of raw grain is
used in the process where the saving by the use thereof in conjunction with our
apparatus is very considerable. It will also be useful to Distillers and Vinegar
Makers in their mashtuns and to the latter for sacharizing their mash. The wort
at the bottom of the mashtun has always a tendency to be colder than at the
centre and in the old process there would be sometimes a difference in heat
between the top, centre and bottom of several degrees Fahrenheit.
L
We will now explain one of our mashtun goods convertor and wort circulators
as it would often be used for brewing having at the same time reference to the
accompanying drawings which will serve to make the invention better understood
and more easily carried into practice:―
Now
At one or more places in the bottom of the mashtun A Figure 2 we bore a
suitable hole B in which we fix a nipple or pipe C which is connected to the
upright pipe D which passes up the outside of the mashtun and turns over at I)'
passing along to D³ where it is turned down into any convenient position over the
sparger or other spreading arrangement. At any convenient part of the connecting.
pipes between the sparger and the bottom but by preference in some convenient
position at the side of the mashtun we fix a small lifter E or other instrument or
valve formed by a bulged projection in the pipe or made a separate casting as
shown on the drawings in which is a nozzle F pointing in the direction in which
the fluid will flow. Commun Communicating with the bottom of the nozzle is the
steam pipe H which brings and delivers steam which is evaporated in a boiler
from pure water. The steam pipe H is.kept central by the ring T which has two
or more arms and a centre boss through which the pipe H passes.
immediately the steam is turned on at the cock K a vacuum is created in the
bulged part of the pipe and the wort in the pipe C is carried forward and raised
and immediately it reaches the bulge it is increased in temperature by the direct
action of the steam upon each portion of the wort or other substance as it passes
and it is driven along the pipe D in the direction of the arrows until it reaches the
sparger or other spreader in its heated state and thus circulation
set up between
the bottom and top by the direct action of the wort so raised being gradually
heated by the steam. By this means the heated wort is equally diffused through
the goods or mash and uniform percolation of the wort through the goods is effected.
Neither is there by this modification any room taken up in the mashtun by the
apparatus yet the treatment described has an increased effect in the conversion of
malt and raw grain into saccharine matter without loss.

page_text: When so desired we fix our apparatus inside the mashtun as shown on the
drawings by Figure 1. In this case we form a suitable base M having a base
flange m¹ secured the the bottom of the mashtun and having its base perforated
with holes m immediately above the flange in such a position as to come between
the bottom of the mashtun and the false perforated bottom N.. Upon the base M
we secure the nozzle or other lifting arrangement E with the communicating
steam pipe H as explained in the case of the apparatus Figure 2 when the wort
is carried up the pipe P until it is stopped by the end p¹ and delivered through
suitable holes p2 and deflected downwards by the loose cap R which fits over the
projecting centre of p' upon which the sparger S is hung and upon which it freely
revolves and distributes the wort into the goods in the usual manner.
We fix a
ring W having two three or more arms at the top of the sparger to form a suitable
centre to carry the sparger round as it revolves. Thus the wort is drawn into the
bottom of the apparatus through holes m² and delivered into the sparger through
holes p' and distributed by the arms S¹ and S2 of the sparger on to the goods and
perfectly diffused throughout.
In mashing with this apparatus we can commence at a low temperature which
is of considerable advantage and increase to any desired extent within the limits
of the heat of the steam according to the requirements of each case. The action
of the steam upon the wort and mash by our new process is also benificial in its
effect and economical in its results."
We do not however confine ourselves to the exact modes herein described of
carrying out our invention because they may be considerably varied without
departing from the principle of the invention such for instanse as changing the
position and directions of the apparatus and increasing the number of outlets and
inlets for the wort and other semi-substances or liquids.
Having therefore now described our invention of improvements in brewing
apparatus applicable to other purposes we would have it understood that what
we claim as our invention aforesaid is :-
The new apparatus which we call a "Mashtun goods convertor and wort
circulator" in which we convert and circulate by the direct action of the steain
upon the wort in the manner and for the purpose substantially as herein set forth
In witness whereof I, the said William Bucknall have hereunto set my hand
and seal on behalf of myself and of the said Thomas Silvester Bucknall this
twenty fourth day of September in the year of our Lord one thousand eight
hundred and eighty three.
TTTTTTT
ידו་זז་
HILDA
BUCKNALL
(L.S.)