IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Bullough, of Accrington, in the County
of Lancaster, Machinist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING."-A communication from abroad by Jean
Dollfus, Frederic Engel, Emile Buruat, Jules Koechlin, and
Gustave Dollfus, all of Mulhouse, France, Cotton Spinners and
Manufacturers.
Sealed the 22nd March 1870, and dated the 28th September 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Bullough at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th September 1869.
I, JOHN BULLOUGH, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," (a communication to me from
abroad by Jean Dollfus, Frederick Engel, Emile Burnat, Jules Koechlin,
and Gustave Dollfus, all of Mulhouse, France, Cotton Spinners and
Manufacturers,) to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in looms for weaving in
which the supply and removal of shuttles is effected whilst the loom is
[Price 8d.]

page_text: in operation by mechanism actuated by the 100m. ine improvements
comprise,-
Firstly. The construction and arrangement of a shuttle box having a
space or receptacle for a series of shuttles on the end of the slay, so that
the shuttles traverse with the slay and are placed in position in the
shuttle box for use without the shock or violence consequent on the
supply from a stationary source.
"
Secondly. The construction and application of a switch" or strip,
together with the mechanism for actuating the same, for the purpose of
diverting and turning the shuttles out of the ordinary "race or course
when the weft is broken or exhausted.
"
These objects are attained by apparatus constructed and working as
follows: On a stud fixed to the end frame of the loom is a crank lever,
one arm of which extends over a stud wheel placed on the end of the
tappet shaft; the end of the other arm is attached to a horizontal lever
working near the breast beam. When (through the absence of weft) the
weft fork is not "tilted up" or raised its end (by the oscillation of the slay)
strikes the horizontal lever and imparts a partial rotary motion to a rod
extending under the breast beam to the other end of the loom; a finger
on the end of this rod is raised, and this in turn raises a catch bar; the
latter is caught and held by a projection on a vertical spring lever. The
catch bar being thus prevented moving onwards with the slay pulls or
draws a rod or bar under the shuttle ejection end of the slay, and
imparts a partial rotation to a pin or stud, on the other end of which is a
"switch" or strip of metal; this is thus drawn across the shuttle
"race
or course, diverting and turning the shuttle to another channel
leading to a box or receptacle for empty or broken weft shuttle. As the
shuttle traverses its new course it comes in contact with and presses
back a finger extending partly across the course, and this finger by
means of a tight rod or wire passed to the other end of the loom moves
a pin opposite an incline, which is ascended by the pin raising one end
of a lever; the other end being depressed draws down a midfeather or
partition used for separating the shuttles not in operation from the
actual shuttle space of the box. The motion of the slay brings the
bottom shuttle of the series in contact with a pusher, and a shuttle is
pushed or advanced over the depressed midfeather into the shuttle box.
The switch or strip when not turned across the race so as to divert the
ני

page_text: shuttle forms part or portion of one side of the shuttle box. When the
whole series of shuttles are exhausted, there being nothing to remove or
push back, the finger in the "diverting race" or course admits a lug
fixed under the front of the shuttle box to come in contact with the end
of a bell-crank lever, which is by the lug and the motion of the slay
raised, one end coming in contact with the spring stop handle, which is
thrown off and the motion of the loom arrested.
The apparatus for stopping the loom above referred to relates only to
loose reed looms; in fast reed looms the ordinary swell and stop rod are
used in connection with the improvements herein described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Bullough in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 28th March 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
BULLOUGH, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the
thirty-third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Bullough, Her special licence that
I, the said John Bullough, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said John Bullough, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," a
communication to me from abroad by Jean Dollfus, Frederic Engel,
Emile Burnot, Jules Koechlin, and Gustave Dollfus, all of Mulhouse,
France, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John
Bullough, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly

page_text: describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Bullough, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This Invention relates to improvements in looms for weaving in
which the supply and removal of shuttles is effected whilst the loom is
in operation by mechanism actuated by the loom. The improvements
comprise,―
Firstly. The construction and arrangement of a shuttle box having a
space or receptacle for a series of shuttles on the end of the slay, so that
the shuttles traverse with the slay and are placed in position in the
shuttle box without shock or violence. .
Secondly. The construction and application of a "switch" or strip,
together with the mechanism for actuating the same, for the purpose of
diverting and turning the shuttles out of the ordinary "race
" or course
when the weft is broken or exhausted.
These objects are attained by apparatus constructed and working as
follows-When through the absence of weft the "weft fork" is not
"tilted up" or raised its end (by the oscillation of the slay) is caught by
the sector hammer, and a partial rotary motion is imparted to the rod
extending under the breast beam to the other end of the loom; a finger
on the end of this rod is raised, and this in turn raises a catch bar. On
a pin or stud is a switch or strip of metal; this by spring is drawn
across the shuttle "race" or course, diverting and turning the shuttle to
another channel leading to a box or receptacle for empty or broken weft
shuttles. The switch comes in contact with and presses down one end
of a double lever; the other end being raised ascends (by the motion of
the slay) an incline, further raising the end of the lever, which by links
attached to a second lever draws down a midfeather or partition used for
separating the shuttles not in operation from the actual shuttle space or
box. This releases a spring pusher, and a shuttle is pushed or advanced
over the depressed midfeather into the shuttle box. The switch or strip
when not turned across the race so as to divert the shuttle forms part or

page_text: portion of one side of the shuttle box. When the whole series of
shuttles are exhausted, there being nothing to impede the pusher's
entrance to the supply box, admits a lug or projection on the spring of
the pusher to strike or force down one end of a light double lever fixed
under the slay or shuttle box; the other end of such lever being raised
comes in contact with the spring stop handle, and which is thrown off,
and the motion of the loom arrested.
The apparatus for stopping the loom above referred to relates only to
loose reed looms; in fast reed looms the ordinary swell and stop rod are
used in connection with the improvements herein described.
In the Provisional Specification which I caused to be filed with my
Petition for the said Letters Patent I describe "On a stud fixed to the
"end frame of the loon is a crank lever, one arm of which extends
"over a stud wheel placed on the end of the tappet shaft; the end of
"the other arm is attached to a horizontal lever working near the
"breast beam;" also "a finger extending partially across the course,
"and this finger by means of a light rod or wire passed to the other end
"of the loom moves a pin opposite an incline, which is ascended by
"the pin;" but since filing the said Specification I have found such
parts not so necessary or useful to the practical working of this Inven.
tion as at the time of filing the Provisional Specification aforesaid
I verily believed them to be; I am therefore desirous of disclaiming and
do hereby disclaim such part or parts.
In order that this Invention may be clearly understood I have
hereunto annexed two Sheets of Drawings, and have marked the same
with figures and letters of reference, the same letter referring to the
same part in the various views.
Fig. 1 is an end elevation of part of a loom having the improvements
attached; Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same; Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, are
views of detached parts (drawn about half real size).
At A is shewn the stop rod, to which when the weft is broken a partial
rotation is imparted through the agency of the weft fork and sector
hammer, as ordinary; B, a finger on the end of the stop rod, which by
the partial rotation of such rod is raised, lifting on its stud B the catch
bar B²; the other end being depressed releases the switch C, which is by
the spring C¹ (acting on the pin-2) forced or drawn across the race,
diverting and turning the shuttle (as shewn in dotted line, Fig. 3) to

page_text: the receptacle or or box D for exhausted or broken weft shuttles. The
switch on crossing the race bears on and slightly depresses one end of
the double lever E; the other end being raised ascends the incline F;
the link G (see Fig. 4) connected to the end of the lever G' will thus
raise one end thereof, depressing the other end, and drawing down the
midfeather or partition G³ for separating the supply shuttles G4 from the
actual shuttle box G5 by bearing on the stud H attached to the
spindle H of the midfeather, and at the same time depressing the
intervening finger H2 liberating the pusher I mounted on the blade
spring J. The pusher will now advance and push or slide the lowest
shuttle of the series over the depressed midfeather without shock or
violence into the shuttle box proper G. E' is a link attached to the
crank E2, the other arm of this crank E³ forcing down the pin and
causing the boss E4 to partially rotate on the shaft E5, the arm E
attached to the boss being thus moved outward and against the picking
stick F, pushing the said stick and the picker attached thereto to the
extreme end of the shuttle box, so as to prevent the picker impeding or
interfering with the free access of the shuttle from the supply box G4.
As the slay moves towards its front centre the arm of the switch G now
in an oblique position (see Fig. 3, dotted line) is forced against the stop M,
the resistance of the spring C is overcome, and the switch returned to
its original position on the notched end of the catch bar B₁. B³ is a
spring for "setting" the catch bar. On the return of the slay and
when near its back centre the sector hammer and lever imparts a further
degree of partial rotation to the stop rod A, the tongue A' on which
lifts the probe A² so that its end comes in contact with the stop piece A³
secured to the spring J, which is thus prevented following the slay until
the midfeather G³ and the intervening finger H2 are raised by the
spring N. A second shuttle descends and take the place of the one
removed or pushed into the shuttle box proper. The shuttle now crosses
the race and "grate" with weft, the sector hammer is released, and the
stop rod resuming its original position will lower the probe A2, and the
weaving proceed. When the whole series of shuttles is exhausted the
pusher I will enter the shuttle box proper, the stop piece A³ on the
spring J comes in contact with the end of the lever P, tilting the same;
the other end R thereof (by the motion of the slay to which it is
attached) is raised opposite the projection on the spring handle, which
is thus thrown "off," and the loom is at rest,

page_text: In applying these improvements to "over-pick" looms (to which they
are equally applicable) I prefer to arrange the shuttle supply box at the
front of the loom, so as to admit the necessary number of shuttles in
height and yet clear the picking stick, the empty shuttles being diverted
to a box at the back of the slay.
It will be seen the improvements above described obviate the
requirement of substitute or artificial weft, as there is no blank pick
(that is to say), no pick without shuttle.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of the said
Invention, together with the manner in which the same is to be or may
be performed or carried into practical effect, I would have it distinctly
understood that I claim,―
Firstly. The switch G for turning and diverting the shuttles.
Secondly. The spring pusher J for pushing or moving the shuttles
from the supply box to the shuttle box proper.
Lastly. The arrangement and construction of the shuttle boxes G4, G³,
and D, in connection with the switch and pusher, as herein described
and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Bullough, have hereunto set
my hand and scal, this Twenty-fourth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
Witness,
WALTER BRIERLEY,
Patent Agent,
Halifax & Blackburn.
JOHN BULLOUGH. (L.S.)