Improvement in Sewer Ventilation.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Oot., 1893
Complete Specification Left. 26 h July, 1894-Accepted, 22nd Sept.. 1994
.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Sewer Ventilation.
I, THOMAS CAINK of 3 Woodland' View, London Road in the City of
Worcester, Engineer's Assistant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention is intended to be employed wherever it is desired to prevent the
condensation of moisture upon material used for the filtration of air or aeriform
bodies when proceeding either from sewers or otherwise without the application of
any other heat than that of the air itself or that which may be conveyed through
the metal or other heat conducting substance of which the apparatus may consist
and if desired to disinfect the filtering material also. The invention is specially
applicable to the contrivance for which application for a Patent was made by me
on the 13th day of September 1892, and numbered 16341, which consists in the
application of a plug of cotton wool or other air filtering medium inserted in the
ventilating shaft of a sewer in such a manner as to allow the sewer air to pass
through it thereby filtering the air and modifying the velocity of flow. The
subject of the present application being an arrangement for preserving the cotton
wool or other material from getting clogged by moisture condensed from the sewer
air. The object of the arrangement is to absorb heat from the air by some metal
or other heat conducting substance as the air rises from the sewer and convey it by con-
duction and radiation to the filtering material, the air is thereby cooled and deprived
of some of its moisture by condensation upon the metal. After being partially
cooled in this way the air may pass into a chamber thermally insulated from the
metal previously mentioned by which it will be further cooled and further deprived
of moisture on its way to the filtering material; it then reaches that material at a
temperature lower than the filtering material itself and thus tends rather to absorb
moisture than deposit it. This object may be attained by a variety of arrangements
viz. by suspending from the interior of the vessel containing the filtering material
a mass of metal or other heat conducting body in the ventilating shaft, thermally
insulating the vessel and its contents from the other porticns of the ventilator and
extending such metal into contact with the filtering material and also by forming
a chamber in contact with the earth or external air through which the sewer air
must pass before reaching the filter. Or it may be accomplished by making the
filter vessel in an annular shape so as to form a flue for the sewer air to pass
through surrounded by the filtering material and so arranged as to cause the air to
pass through the filtering material after its passage through the flue. The vessel
may be so arranged if desired so as to contain a disinfecting substance to disinfect
the filtering material.
:
Dated this 28th dox of October 1893

page_text: Improvement in Sewer Ventilation.
I, THOMAS CAINK, of 3 Woodland View, London Road, in the City of
Worcester Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention is intended to be employed wherever it is desired to prevent the
condensation of moisture upon material used for the filtration or purification of air
: or aeriform bodies when proceeding either from sewers or otherwise, without the
application of any other heat than that of the air itself or that which may be
conveyed through the metal or other heat conducting substances of which the
apparatus may consist, and if desired, to disinfect the filtering material also.
The invention is specially applicable to the device for which Letters Patent were
granted to me on the 13th day of September 1892 and numbered 16,341 which
consists in the application of a plug of cotton wool or other air filtering medium
inserted in the ventilating shaft of a sewer in such manner as to allow the sewer
air to pass through it, thereby. filtering the air and modifying the velocity of
flow.
The object of this invention is to preserve the cotton wool or other material from
becoming clogged by moisture condensed from the sewer air. This end is attained
by an arrangement whereby heat is absorbed from the sewer air by some metal or
other heat conducting substance as the air rises from the sewer, and conveyed by
conduction and radiation to the filtering material. "The air is thereby cooled, and
deprived of some of its moisture by condensation upon the metal.
After being
thus partially cooled the air passes into a chamber in contact with the earth or
external atmosphere but thermally insulated from the metal previously mentioned,
whereby it is further cooled and further deprived of moisture on its way to the
filtering material, but is wetter in consequence of its lower temperature. The air
is then caused to return to a chamber in metallic and consequently thermal connec-
tion with the mass of heat absorbing metal first mentioned whereby its temperature
is again raised, and whereby it is dried.
The air reaches the filtering material at a temperature somewhat lower than the
material itself, and in a condition tending rather to absorb moisture than to
¨deposit it.
The arrangement which I prefer is shewn upon the annexed drawing, Fig. 1
being a vertical Fig. 2 a horizontal section of the apparatus on the line Z. Z. and
Fig. 3 a horizontal section on line X. X.
A is the sewer ventilating shaft. B the heat absorbing substance preferably
ribbed, for presenting a larger surface of contact with the air.
C the outer casting in contact with the earth or external air, but thermally
insulated from B, also ribbed. D. D. heat nonconducting material for separating B
from C.
E. E. layers of cotton wool or other air filtering material. F. F. vessels con-
taining germicide or disinfectant. G. cover for protecting filtering medium from
dust or wet.
.Hadirt-box below ventilating grating.
I prefer that the cover G. be made of glass or other substance having a large
capillary attraction for water and to be made of such shape that any moisture
which may condense upon the under surface may trickle towards the edge thereof.
J is a sand joint to prevent the free escape of air from the sewer and to allow
any water to percolate through into the sewer.
The arrows indicate the course which the air takes when escaping from the
sewer.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what.
I claim is:-
1. The means whereby the condensation of vapours upon material used for the
filtration or purification of sewer or other air is prevented by employing for such
prevention the heat contained in such air.
2. The employment of two separate castings or other heat conducting substances
thermally insulated from each other, one for conveying to the air filtering material,
the heat absorbed from the sewer air and for re-drying the air by again raising its.
temperature or for either of these objects: and the other for further lowering the
temperature of the air, whereby it is deprived of moisture.
3. The employment of disinfectants or germicides in connection with air filters
substantially as described.
Dated this 25th day of July 1801
THOMAS CAINK.