ади Fibrous Materials.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Feb., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 15th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 21st Dec., 1888
Солод ади
Fibrous Materials.
I THOMAS FORKNALL of Saint Ann's Wells Ashton Old Road Fairfield near
Manchester in the County of Lancaster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates firstly to those carding-engines for carding cotton and other
fibrous materials in which the "flats" are supported upon the peripheries of discs or
wheels or equivalents therefor, which are revolved each upon an axis coincident with
that of the main cylinder and my invention consists firstly in arrangements by which
I can readily adjust such discs or wheels or equivalents therefor so that their axes
shall coincide with that of the main cylinder in conjunction with which the aforesaid
discs or wheels or the equivalents therefor are employed.
As the arrangements in which this part of my invention consists are applied in like
manner to each of the discs or wheels or equivalents therefor employed in a carding
engine I shall for convenience confine my description to the apparatus situate at one
side of the carding engine.
The pedestal which supports one end of the axle of the main cylinder or the side
frame of the carding-engine, by which such pedestal is supported I provide with
a flange or facing and secure to such flange or facing by means of bolts or set
screws or other suitable means a bracket formed upon or secured to which is a
tubular collar or boss upon which tubular collar or boss is mounted the disc or
wheel or equivalent therefor which disc or wheel or equivalent therefor is capable
of being turned-Upon the axle of the main cylinder of the carding-engine I
place a conical tube or bush which while being free to be moved longitudinally
is prevented from being turned around the said axle by means of a pin or key
and groove or other suitable means-The said conical tube or bush is situate
between the axle aforesaid and the tubular collar or boss above mentioned-I form
screw-threads upon the conical tube or bush upon which and capable of being
screwed thereon is a nut which is prevented from moving longitudinally.
When it is desired to adjust the axis of the disc or whee or the equivalent

page_text: therefor which supports the "flats" at one end, so that the axis around which
such disc or wheel or the equivalent therefor is revolved shall be concentric with
the axis of the main cylinder-The axle of the carding engine is prevented from
being rotated and the bolts or set screws or other suitable means by which the
bracket formed upon or secured to which is the tubular collar or boss aforesaid is
secured in position are loosened-The nut previously mentioned is turned so as to
move the conical tube or bush longitudinally upon the axle of the main cylinder
and by so doing cause the conical part of such conical tube or bush to arrive
against the inside of the collar or boss before referred to which is also formed
conical and a further rotation of the nut aforesaid will by means of the conical
part of the said tube or bush and the conical surface of the tubular collar or boss
will cause the axis of the disc or wheel or the equivalent therefor which supports
the "flats" at one end, to become coincident with the axis of the inain cylinder
of the carding engine-The bracket secured to or formed upon which is the
tubular collar or boss above mentioned is now by means of the bolts or set screws
or other suitable means above referred to firmly secured to the flange or facing
formed upon the pedestal or the side frame of the carding engine-The conical
tube or bush is then by means of the nut above mentioned moved out of contact
with the tubular collar or boss.
The disc or wheel or the equivalent therefor at one side of the carding-engine
having been adjusted as above described the disc or wheel or the equivalent
therefor situate at the other side of the carding engine may if necessary be
adjusted into position in a similar manner by means of arrangements similar to
those above described.
In some cases the conical tube or bush above mentioned instead of being
furnished with a nut as previously described may be screwed upon screw threads
formed upon the axle of the main cylinder of the carding engine.
I have hereinbefore mentioned a conical tube or bush as being employed in
conjunction with a tubular collar or boss but suitable wedges or other suitable
equivalents may be employed in place of the said conical tube or bush.
My invention further relates to carding-engines and further consists in arrange-
ments by which I can readily adjust the axis of the main cylinder into its proper
working position-I form upon or secure to a bracket secured to the side-frame
of the carding engine a tubular boss or collar-Upon the axle of the main cylinder
I mount a conical tube or bush capable of being slidden longitudinally but pre-
vented from rotating thereon by means of a pin or key and groove or other suitable
means I provide the said conical tube or bush with a nut capable of being screwed
upon screw-threads formed upon such conical tube or bush. The said nut is prevented
from moving longitudinally by the bracket above mentioned and the pedestal which
supports the axis of the main cylinder-Between the pedestal aforesaid and the side
frame of the carding engine I place a wedge or incline or wedges or inclines or other
suitable equivalent or equivalents therefor which can be adjusted into position by
means of a screw and nut or screws and nuts-When it is desired to adjust the axis of the
main cylinder into its proper working position the bolts or other suitable means which
secure the pedestal before referred to are loosened and the wedge or incline or wedges
or inclines or the equivalent or equivalents therefor is or are withdrawn-The nut
upon the conical tube or bush is then turned so as to cause the conical portion of the
said conical tube or bush to act against the inside portion of the tubular collar or boss
above mentioned which is also formed conical and cause the axis of the axle of the
main cylinder to become coincident with that of the tubular collar or boss―The
wedge or incline or wedges or inclines or the equivalent or equivalents therefor is or
are then moved or adjusted so as to support the pedestal aforesaid upon the side-frame
of the carding engine. The said pedestal is then secured upon the incline or wedge or
inclines or wedges or the equivalent or equivalents therefor and the side frame of the
carding-engine by means of bolts or screws or by other suitable means- -The conical
tube or bush above mentioned is then by means of the nut above referred to moved
out of contact with the tubular collar or boss.

page_text: In some cases the conical tube or bush above mentioned instead of being furnished
with a nut as previously described may be screwed upon screw-threads formed upon the
axle of the main cylinder of the carding-engine.
In some cases instead of employing a conical tube or bush as above described 1
employ wedges or other suitable equivalents therefor.
By means of this latter portion of my invention I am enabled to re-adjust the axis
of the main cylinder into its correct position in relation to the "flexible bend
" or other
"bend" or equivalent part of the carding-engine should the axle of the main
cylinder from wear or other cause have moved out of its original position in
relation to the "flexible bend" or other "bend" or equivalent part of the carding
engine.
When employing this latter part of my invention in those carding-engines in which
the "flats" are supported upon discs or wheels or equivalents therefor which are
revolved each upon an axis, 1 mount one of such discs or wheels or equivalents therefor
upon the outside of the tubular boss or collar above mentioned.
When it is desired or necessary the axle of the main cylinder can be adjusted so as
to be concentric with the tubular boss or collar and may be secured in such position by
the means and in the manner previously described.
Although I have in describing this latter part of my invention referred in most
cases to one side only of the carding engine the arrangements in which this part of my
invention consists are applied to both sides of the carding-engine.
Dated this Fourteenth day of February 188e
W. T. CHEETHAM,
Carlton Chambers, 18, Saint Ann's Street, Manchester,
Agent to the Applicant.
W. T. CHEETHAM,
Carlton Chambers, 18, Saint Ann's Street, Manchester,
Agent to the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Carding-engines for Carding Cotton and other
Fibrous Materials.
I, THOMAS FORKNALL of Saint Anns Wells, Ashton Old Road Fairfield near
Manchester in the County of Lancaster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My Invention relates firstly to those carding-engines for carding cotton and other
fibrous materials in which the "flats" are supported upon the peripheries of discs or
wheels or equivalents therefor which are revolved each upon an axis coincident with
that of the main cylinder and my invention consists firstly in arrangements by which
I can readily adjust such disus or wheels or equivalents therefor so that their axes
shall coincide with that of the main cylinder in conjunction with which the aforesaid
dises or wheels or the equivalents therefor are employed.
As the arrangements in which this part of my invention consists are applied in
like manner to each of the discs or wheels or equivalents therefor employed in a
carding-engine I shall for convenience confine my description to the apparatus situate
ai one side of the carding-engine.
The pedestal which supports one end of the axle of the main cylinder or the side
frame of the carding-engine by which such pedestal is supported I provide with a
flange or facing and secure to such flange or facing by means of bolts or set-screws or
other suitable means a bracket formed upon or secured to which is a tubular collar
or boss upon which tubular collar or boss is mounted the disc or wheel or equivalent
therefor which disc or wheel or equivalent therefor is capable of being turned. Upon
the axle of the main cylinder of the carding-engine I place a conical tube or bush
which while being free to be moved longitudinally is prevented from being turned
around the said axle by means of a pin or key and groove or other suitable means.
The said conical tube or bush is situate between the axle aforesaid and the tubular
collar or boss above mentioned-1 form screw-threads upon the conical tube or bush
upon which and capable of being screwed thereon is a nut which is prevented from
moving longitudinally.
When it is desired to adjust the axis of the disc or wheel or the equivalent therefor
which supports the "flats at one end so that the axis around which such disc or
wheel or the equivalent therefor is revolved shall be concentric with the axis of the
main cylinder, the axle of the carding engine is prevented from being rotated and
the bolts or set screws or other suitable means by which the bracket formed upon or
secured to which is the tubular collar or boss aforesaid is secured in position, are
loosened. The nut previously mentioned is turned so as to move the conical tube or
bush longitudinally upon the axle of the main cylinder and by so doing cause the
conical part of such conical tube or bush to arrive against the inside of the collar or

page_text: boss before referred to which is also formed conical and a further rotation of the nut
aforesaid will by means of the conical part of the said tube or bush and the conical
surface of the tubular collar or boss cause the axis of the disc or wheel or the equiva-
lent therefor which supports the "flats" at one end to become coincident with the
axis of the main cylinder of the carding-engine. The brackets secured to or formed
upon which is the tubular collar or boss above mentioned is now by means of the
bolts or set screws or other suitable means above referred to firmly secured to the
flange or facing formed upon the pedestal or the side frame of the carding-engine.
The conical tube or bush is then by means of the nut above mentioned moved out
of contact with the tubular collar or boss. The disc or wheel or the equivalent therefor
at one side of the carding-engine having been adjusted as above described the disc or
wheel or the equivalent therefor situate at the other side of the carding-engine may if
necessary be adjusted into position in a similar manner by means of arrangements
similar to those above described.
A method of carrying this portion of my invention into effect is shown by Figs. 1
and 2 of the accompanying drawings which figures show so much of a carding-engine
as is requisite to illustrate this part of my invention, Fig. 1 being an elevation partly
in section and Fig. 2 an elevation of that which is shown in Fig. 1 the same letters
of reference being applied to corresponding parts in both of the figures.
Upon the
side frame of the carding-engine is secured by bolts provided with nuts the
pedestal e supported by and free to be rotated in which is the axle d of the main
cylinder e.
The pedestal c is formed with a flange or facing c¹ and I secure to the flange or
facing by set screws fa bracket g' formed upon which is a tubular collar or boss g.
Upon the boss or collar I mount the disc or wheel or equivalent therefor h upon the
periphery of which one end of each of the "flats" is supported. The disc or wheel
or equivalent therefor his capable of being turned upon the tubular collar or boss g
and is prevented from being moved longitudinally upon the tubular boss or collar g by
means of the collar or shoulder g formed upon the tubular boss or collar and by the
set, hoop secured upon the tubular collar or boss by the set screw g. Upon the
axle d place a conical tube or bush jwhich tube or bush while being free to be
moved longitudinally upon the axle d is prevented from being turned around the said
axle d by a pin or key fixed in the axle d and a groove formed in the tube or bush j.
I form the interior of the boss or collar y conical to correspond with the exterior of the
tube or bushj. Upon the tube or bush ; I form screw threads upon which and
capable of being screwed thereon I mount a nut k such nut being prevented from
moving longitudinally upon the bush by the pedestal e and bracket g¹. When
it is desired to adjust the axis of the disc or wheel or the equivalent therefor h so that
the axis around which such disc or wheel or the equivalent therefor his revolved
shall be concentric with the axis of the main cylinder e the axle d is prevented from
being rotated and the set screws are loosened-The nut kis turned so as to move
the tube or bushj longitudinally in the direction indicated by the arrow A. Such
turning of the nut will cause the conical part of the tube or bush j to arrive
against the conical portion of the interior of the collar or boss g and a further turning
of the nut will by means of the conical part of the tube or bush j and the conical
portion of the interior of the collar or boss g cause the axis of the disc or wheel or
equivalent therefor h to become coincident with the axis of the axle d of the main
cylinder e of the carding-engine. The bracket gl secured to or formed upon which is
the tubular collar or boss g is now by means of the set screws firmly secured to the
flange or facings . The concial tube or bush j is then by means of the nut k moved
out of contact with the tubular collar or boss g. The disc, or wheel or the equivalent
therefor at one side of the carding engine having been adjusted as above described
the disc or wheel or equivalent therefor at the other side of the carding-engine may
be adjusted into position in a similar manner by means of arrangements similar to
those shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The nut is prevented from rotating on the conical
tube or bush when the carding-engine is at work by means of a set screw k¹ or
other suitable means. In some cases the conical tube or. bush instead of being

page_text: furnished with a nut as previously described may be found as shown in Fig. 3 in
which the conical tube or bush jis shown as being formed with screw-threads, which
take into corresponding screw-threads & formed on the axle d of the main cylinder e
of the carding-engine. I form flattened portions upon the tube or bush so that it
may be turned upon the axle d by means of a spanner or suitable key. When the set
screws have been loosened the tubular collar or hoss g upon which the disc or wheel
or the equivalent therefor his mounted may by the conical tube or bush being
screwed upon the screw-threads de formed upon the axle d of the main cylinder e of
the carding-engine be adjusted so that the axis around which the said disc or wheel
or the equivalent therefor his capable of being revolved shall be concentric with the
axis of the axle d of the main cylinder e.
j
As the manner of adjusting the tubular collar or boss g by means of the conical
tube or bush is similar to the manner in which the conical tube or bush ; shown in
Figs. 1 and 2 is employed no further description of the use of the conical tube or
bush shown in Fig. 3 is necessary.
I have hereinbefore mentioned a conical tube or bush as being employed in conjunc-
tion with a tubular collar or boss but suitable wedges or other suitable equivalents
may be employed in place of the said conical tube or bush or a cylindrical bush
upon the axle of the main cylinder may be employed in conjunction with a conical
tubular collar or I employ a bush upon the axle of the main cylinder of the carding-
engine which bush is provided with a conical or rounded end and employed in
conjunction with a collar having a cylindrical hole formed therein.
My invention further relates to carding-engines and further consists in arrange-
ments by which I can readily adjust the axis of the main cylinder into its proper
working position. I form upon or secure to a bracket secured to the side frame of
the carding-engine a tubular boss or collar. Upon the axle of the main cylinder, I
mount a conical tube or bush capable of being slidden longitudinally but prevented
from rotating thereon by means of a pin or key and groove or other suitable means.
I provide the said conical tube or bush with a nut capable of being screwed upon
screw threads formed upon such conical tube or bush. The said nut is prevented
from moving longitudinally by the bracket above mentioned and the pedestal which
supports the axis of the main cylinder. Between the pedestal aforesaid and the side
frame of the carding-engine I place a wedge or incline or wedges or inclines or other
suitable equivalent or equivalents therefor which can be adjusted into position by
means of a screw and nut or screws and nuts or any other suitable means.. When
it is desired to adjust the axis of the main cylinder into its proper working position
the bolts or other suitable means which secure the pedestal before referred to are
loosened and the wedge or incline or wedges or inclines or the equivalent or equiva-
lents therefor may be withdrawn. The nut upon the conical tube or bush is then
turned so as to cause the conical portion of the said conical tube or bush to act
against the inside portion of the tubular collar or boss above mentioned which is also
formed conical and cause the axis of the axle of the main cylinder to become coinci-
dent with that of the tubular collar or boss-The pedestal is then brought into
position by means of the wedge or incline or wedges or inclines or the equivalent
or equivalents therefor. The said pedestal is then secured upon the incline or wedge
or inclines or wedges or the equivalent or equivalents therefor and the side frame of
the carding-engine by means of bolts or screws or by other suitable means-The
conical tube or bush above mentioned is then by means of the nut above referred
to moved out of contact with the tubular collar or boss.
.
This portion of my invention is illustrated by Figs. 4, 5 and 6 of the accompanying
drawings which figures show so much of a carding-engine as is requisite to illustrate
this portion of my invention, Fig. 4 being an elevation partly in section, Fig. 5 a plan
and Fig. 6 an elevation showing certain parts. The same letters of reference are
applied to corresponding parts in Figs. 4, 5 and 6. Formed upon or secured to the
side frame of the carding-engine is a bracket m¹. 1 form upon or secure to
the bracket m¹ a tubular boss or collar m. Upon the axle n of the main cylinder o
of the carding engine I mount a conical tube or bush p capable of being slidden

page_text: 2
longitudinally but prevented from rotating on the axle n by means of a pin n' secured
to the axle and a groove p formed in the conical tube or bush p. I provide the
conical tube or bush p with a nut 7 capable of being screwed upon screw-threads p²
formed upon the conical tube or bush p. The nut is prevented from being moved
q
longitudinally upon the axle n of the main cylinder o by the bracket, m' and the
pedestal which supports the axle n of the main cylinder o. Between the pedestal
and the upper surface of the side frame of the carding-engine I place a wedge or
incline 8.
Through the wedge or inclines I form slots or holes through
which the bolts & pass, the slots or holes being of such size as to allow of the wedge
or incline s being moved longitudinally. When it is desired to adjust the axis of the
main cylinder o into its proper working position the bolts t which secure the
pedestal to the side frame are loosened. The nut upon the conical tube or
bush is then turned so as to cause the conical tube or bush to be moved in the
direction indicated by the arrow B and thereby cause the conical portion of the conical
tube or bush p to act against the interior of the tubular boss or collar m and cause
the axis of the axle n of the main cylinder o to become coincident with that of the
tubular boss or collar m. The wedge or inclines is then moved or adjusted on
the upper surface of the side frame so as to support the pedestal » aforesaid upon
the side frame of the carding-engine. The said pedestal r is then secured upon the
wedge or inclines and the side frame of the carding-engine by means of the bolts t.
The conical tube or bush p is then by means of the nut q moved out of contact with
the tubular collar or boss m. The nut is prevented from rotating on the conical
tube or bush when the carding-engine is at work by means of the set screw q¹.
In place of the wedge or inclines, wedges or inclines or any other suitable
equivalent or equivalents therefor may be employed.
In some cases the conical tube or bush p, instead of being furnished with a nut g
as previously described may be screwed upon screw-threads formed upon the axle n
of the main cylinder of the carding-engine as shown in Fig. 7 which is an elevation
partly in section. The conical tube or bush p is provided with screw-threads capable
of being screwed upon screw threads n² formed upon the axle n of the main cylinder o
and the conical tube or bush p is also provided with flattened portions ³ to which a
suitable key may be applied in order that the tube or bush p may be turned upon
the screw-threads n. By the conical tube or bush p being turned upon the screw-
threads n the conical tube or bush p will be caused to act upon the tubular boss or
collar mas previously described in reference to Figs. 4, 5 and 6 and therefore no
further description of the conical tube or bush p shown in Fig. 7 will be necessary.
In some cases instead of employing a conical tube or bush p I employ wedges or
other equivalents therefor or a cylindrical bush upon the axle of the main cylinder
may be employed in conjunction with a conical tubular collar or I employ a bush
upon the axle of the main cylinder of the carding-engine which bush is provided with
a conical or rounded end and employed in conjunction with a collar having a
cylindrical hole formed therein.
By means of this latter portion of my invention I am enabled to re-adjust the axis
of the main cylinder into its correct position in relation to the "flexible bend" or
other bend"
:
or equivalent part of the carding-engine should the axle of the main
cylinder from wear or other cause have moved out of its original position in relation
to the flexible bend" or other "bend" or equivalent part of the carding-engine.
When employing this latter part of my invention in those carding-engines in
which the "flats" are supported upon discs or wheels or equivalents therefor which
are revolved each upon an axis I mount one of such discs or wheels or equivalents
therefor upon the outside of the tubular boss or collar above mentioned.
When it is desired or necessary the axle of the main cylinder can be adjusted so as
to be concentric with the tubular boss or collar and may be secured in such position
by the means and in the manner previously described.
Although I have in describing this latter part of my invention referred in most
cases to one side only of the carding-engine the arrangements in which this part of
my invention consists are applied to both sides of the carding-engine.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is:
23
1. In a carding-engine in which the "flats are supported upon the peripheries of
dises or wheels or equivalents therefor which are revolved each upon an axis
coincident with that of the main cylinder the hereinbefore described arrangements
by means of which cach of such discs or wheels may be readily adjusted so that
its axis shall coincide with that of the main cylinder which arrangements consist
in a conical or cylindrical tube or bush or wedges or other suitable equivalents
for a conical or cylindrical tube or bush acting in conjunction with a tubular
collar or boss formed with a cylindrical or conical surface substantially as herein-
before described in reference to and indicated in and by Figs. 1. 2 and 3 of the
accompanying drawings.
2. The combination of parts consisting in a bracket such as g¹ provided with
a tubular boss or collar such as g, a set hoop such as g³ a conical tube or bush
such as provided with screw threads and a nut such as all constructed,
arranged and employed substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described
in reference to and illustrated in and by Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings hereunto
annexed.
3. The combination of parts consisting in a bracket such as g¹ provided with a
tubular boss or collar such as g, a conical tube or bush such as capable of
being screwed upon screw threads formed upon the axle of the main cylinder and
a set hoop such as g³, all constructed, arranged and employed substantially as and
for the purposes hereinbefore described in reference to and illustrated in and by
Fig. 3 of the accompanying drawings.
4. In a carding-engine the herein before described arrangements by which the
axis of the main cylinder may be readily adjustod into its proper working position
which arrangements consist in conical or cylindrical tubes or bushes or wedges
or other suitable equivalents for conical or cylindrical tubes or bushes acting in
conjunction with tubular collars or bosses cach provided with a conical or cylindrical
surface and also in wedges or inclines or any suitable equivalents for wedges or
inclines, all constructed, arranged, employed and operating substantially as herein-
before described in reference to and indicated in and by Figs. 4. 5. 6 and 7 of
the accompanying drawings.
5. The combination of parts consisting in a bracket such as m¹ provided with a
collar or boss such as m, a conical tube or bush such as provided with screw-
threads such as p², a nut such as ? and wedge such as s, all constructed, arranged
and employed in conjunction with a pedestal such as r, substantially as herein
before described in reference to and illustrated in and by Figs. 4. 5 and 6 of the
accompanying drawings.
6. The combination of parts consisting in a bracket such as m, a conical tube
or bush such as p. capable of being screwed upon screw threads ³ formed upon
the axle,n of the carding-engine and a wedge such as s all constructed, arranged
and employed in conjunction with a pedestal such as substantially as herein-
before described in reference to and illustrated in and by Fig. 7 of the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this Fourteenth day of November 1888