Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Sept., 1898-Accepted, 19th Nov., 1898
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:--
My invention relates to improvements in motor vehicles and it consists in the
construction and arrangement of parts which will be fully described hereinafter,
and particularly referred to in the claims.
The object of my present invention is to produce a motor vehicle, in which
there is a compact, simple and convenient arrangement of all the parts, which
together make a complete motor vehicle.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1, is a plan view, partly in section, of a motor vehicle embodying my
invention.
Figure 2, is a side elevation of the same, partly in section.
Figure 3, is a top plan view of the interior mechanism the frame-work being
in section.
Figure 4 is a longitudinal vertical section taken on line 44 Figure 3.
Figure 5, is a longitudinal sectional view of the vehicle drive shaft, taken on
line 5-5 of Figure 3.
Figure 6, is a detail view of the brake.
Figure 7, is an interior face view of the yielding gear.
Figure 8, is a detail view of the sleeve forming part of the yielding gear.
Figure 9, is a detached front view of the front axle.
Figure 10, is a detached sectional view, showing the manner of attaching the
spokes to the wheel hubs.
A is the frame or body of the vehicle, and B, the engine, which is here shown
of the reciprocating type, the piston rod C, of which is connected to the crank D),
of the engine driving shaft E. This shaft E, extends across the vehicle and sup-
ports a portion of the driving and controlling mechanism, whereby a very
compact and simple arrangement of the driving and controlling mechanism is
effected, as will more fully appear hereinafter. As shown, the front end of the
engine is in the main supported by its drive shaft E, through the medium of the:
forwardly extending arms F, the auxiliary stays G, also serving to support it.
The rear end of the engine as shown is bolted to a rear body shaft H, which in
turn has its ends secured to the springs I. These springs are supported by the
rear axle in a manner to be hereafter explained
A balance wheel J and a friction plate K are carried by the shaft E, and both.
are made fast thereto. Situated adjacent the friction plate K is a co-acting fric-
tion plate L and a sprocket wheel M, the plate L and wheel M being fast to each
other, and loose upon the shaft. Motion is transmitted from the sprocket wheel M.
to the vehicle driving axle N, through the medium of a sprocket chain P, and an.
P77

page_text: intermediate gearing which will be fully described hereinafter. The plates K
and L, and wheel M, constitute what I term a "fast go-ahead clutch."
of which
Also attached to the sprocket wheel M and loose upon the shaft E, is a gear
wheel Q, all
shaft
the
are adapted to be moved upon
to bring the friction plates K and L together. For the purpose of moving these
parts, provide a collar R situated upon the shaft E, and preferably composed
of two halves, and if desired may be threaded to screw on the shaft, to take up
the wear of the friction faces. Intermediately pivoted upon this collar are the
two dogs or levers S, having one of their ends abutting against the adjacent face
of the wheel Q, and their opposite and preferably longer ends adapted to be
separated by the end-thrust of a cone-shaped collar T. This collar T is moved
back and forth upon the shaft E for engaging or releasing the "fast go-ahead
clutch by the driver through the medium of an operating lever U, situated at
the right hand side of the vehicle and just in front of the seat as clearly shown in
Figures 1, 2, and 3. . Situated adjacent the collar T is a vertical rod or shaft V,
carrying at its upper end an arm W, engaging a groove in said collar, and at its
lower end the shaft or rod is provided with a second arm a to the free end of which
is pivotally connected a rod b. The opposite end of this rod b is pivotally con-
nected with the free end of a crank carried by a shaft d, and the operating
lever, U is connected with the shaft d by means of a crank e of said shaft d, and
a rod f connecting the lever and crank e.
Extending parallel the shaft E, is a counter shaft g carrying a friction disk h,
which together with the band i passing around it produces a brake. One end of
the band is attached to the shaft d, and the other end attached to the free end
of a crank j, which is attached to the shaft d. From the foregoing it will be seen
that the fast go-ahead" clutch, and the brake are operated by the same
mechanical element, namely, the shaft d, and that the shaft is oscillated by the
lever U. Now by reference to Figures 2 and 4 this lever U is in its normal
position when in a vertical position, and both the brake and the "fast go-ahead '
clutch are out of operation. A movement of this lever in the direction indicated
by arrow in Figure 4, and the clutch is applied, and the brake band i still further
slackened. A movement of the lever in the opposite direction past a vertical
line applied the brake by tightening the band i, and moves the collar T still
further away from the clutch operating arms S. It will be understood therefore,
that it is impossible to apply the brake when the clutch is applied, and that by
a single movement of the one lever the engine is thrown out of gear with the
drive shaft, and the brake applied. This is exceedingly advantageous, in that
when the occasion arises for a sudden stop of the vehicle, a single movement of
one lever accomplishes it, and making it impossible for the operator to become
confused between a clutch lever, and a brake lever, thus perchance applying
both.
In order to provide a "slow go-ahead" mechanism and clutch, for increasing
the power applied to the drive wheels of the vehicle by the engine, or for running
the vehicle slow when an engine capable of but one speed is used, the engine
drive shaft E is provided with a pinion keyed thereto which meshes with a
gear wheel loose upon the counter shaft g. Situated at one side of the gear
is a friction plate m, keyed to the counter shaft, and at the opposite end of the
gear wheel is a second friction plate t also keyed to the shaft but longitudinally
movable thereon for clamping the gear between said plates, thus making it fast
to the counter shaft.
A backing mechanism is provided through the medium of a pinion n fast upon
the engine drive shaft E, which meshes with an idler pinion p, that in turn
meshes with a gear 7 loose upon the counter shaft. The inner end of the
counter shaft is provided with a gear aª which meshes with the gear Q. A.
friction plate is fast to the counter shaft at one side of the gear q, and a second
friction plates, is at the opposite side of said gear, and keyed to the counter shaft
but longitudinally movable in respect thereto for clamping the loose gear between

page_text: said friction plates, thus making said gear fast to the counter shaft. It will be
noted that the movable friction plates are between and at adjacent sides of the
loose gears
7 and q. Suitably attached to the counter shaft g are the two col-
lars u, each carrying two dogs or levers w, having one of their ends engaging
the adjacent face of their respective friction plate, and their opposite ends adapted
to be separated by the collar y, which has its ends tapered or rounded for that
purpose. When the collar is moved in one direction it operates the "slow go-
ahead" clutch, and when moved in the opposite direction it releases said clutch
and applies the backing" clutch. The collar y is operated through the mediumi
of a lever 2 situated near the lever U. This lever has one end of a rod pivotally
connected therewith, the opposite end of said rod being connected to an arm or
crank extending from the upper end of a vertical shaft 4, said shaft having 'at
its lower end a crank arm 5, engaging a groove 6, in said collar.
"
دو
The operation of this mechanism is as follows:--When the lever 2 is in a
vertical position, the collar is out of operation with either the "slow go-ahead
or the backing clutch. When moved forward as indicated by arrow in
Figure 4, it applies the "backing" clutch, which transmits power through the
gears n, p, q, a and Q to the sprocket wheel M; when, however, the lever is
moved in the opposite direction beyond a vertical position, the "slow go-ahead"
clutch is applied and power transmitted through the gears k, l, a² and Q to the
sprocket wheel M, and the "backing" clutch is released.
8 is a casing having firmly connected therewith oppositely extending shaft
housings 9, through which the shafts N extend. This housing is provided at its
outer ends with bearings 12, and at their inner ends with bearings 11 for the
shafts, both of said bearings being preferably of the roller type, as shown. The
rear wheels 13 of the vehicle, which are the drive wheels, are keyed fast to
the outer ends of their respective shafts.
Situated within the casing 8 is a differential gear casing 14 in which are placed
the differential bevel gears 15 and 16. The gears 15 are firmly connected to the
inner ends of said shafts, and the gears 16 are journalled at right angles to said
gears 15, upon the trunnions 17, upon which they freely revolve. Uniting the
inner ends of these trunnions or bearings 17 is a box 26, which though not abso-
lutely essential, yet serves to strengthen the trunnions and make them more rigid,
and also forms an additional support for the inner ends of the shafts.
Attached to this casing 14 is a driving gear 18, meshing with pinion or gear 26¹
upon a counter shaft 19, said shaft having ball bearings 20, and carrying on its
projecting end a sprocket wheel 21, around which the driving sprocket chain l'
passes.
Owing to this construction of gearing, when the carriage is running in a
straight line, the gears 15 and 16 stand still, but when the carriage is turned
from a straight line, one of the shafts and consequently one of the wheels 13
will revolve faster than the other, and this is permitted by the revolving of the
gears 16 upon their trunnions or bearings, which is very advantageous, as will
be readily understood.
In motor vehicles it is desirable to prevent the impulses of the motor being
conveyed to the drive wheels, to avoid a jerky motion being imparted thereto.
To accomplish this end I provide a yielding connection for the gear 18 to the
casing 14. This is effected by providing said gear 18 with a cavity 22 in its 'outer
face firmly connecting a sleeve 23 to a sleeve 30 of the differential casing, the
sleeve having an arm 24 providing gear 18 with an arm or shoulder 25 extending
into the cavity, and placing in the cavity soft rubber 262 abutting against the
arms 24 and 25. It will be noted that by this construction the movement of the
gear wheel in either direction will compress the rubber, thus producing a yielding
connection between the motor and the drive wheels of the vehicle.
To provide for the tightening or loosening of the drive chain P, I attach one
end of an adjustable rod 31 to the casing 8 and provide its opposite end with a
nut 32 abutting against the frame of the vehicle.
"

page_text: By attaching the rear axle to the vehicle by the springs I before referred to,
a double cushion is provided for the vehicle and machinery through the pneu-
matic tires 33 and said springs.
The wheel spokes 34 pass into the hubs 35, and have their ends bent L-shaped
as shown at 36, which is found to be a very strong and durable connection.
I provide an easily manipulated and sensitive steering mechanism, by having
the front wheels journalled upon independently turning oscillating bearings con-
nected by a rod. In this arrangement, the front axle is composed of two tubes 40,
placed one on top the other, and secured together by welding and the straps 41
near each end thereof. The ends of these tubes are turned respectively upward
and downward and then outward to form elongated vertical bearings or sockets 42,
between which the short wheel bearings 43 of the front wheels 44, are
vertically journalled. Projecting rearward, and preferably inclined inward from
each wheel bearing 43 is an arm 45, and these arms are connected by a rod 46
extending parallel with the axle 40. A bell crank-lever 47 is intermediately
pivoted to said axle, one of its ends being pivotally connected with said rod 46.
Pivotally connected with the other end of said bell-crank-lever is a link 48,
which has its opposite end pivotally connected to a crank-arm 51 at the lower
end of a vertical shaft 49. Pivotally attached to the upper end of this shaft is
an operating lever 50. By pivoting the lever 50 to swing vertically, the driver's
hand and arm can move freely up and down, thus preventing the tiresome and
cramping tendency of holding them in one position.
As shown, the forward end of the vehicle is attached to the front axle 40 through
the medium of springs 55, which are firmly connected with both.
The bottom of the body is open, and the top of the body in rear of the scat is
provided with wire netting windows or doors, whereby there is at all times a free
circulation of air, and a free escape of the heated air from the motor.
Since the engine B is preferably of the explosive type, it is provided with the
usual water jacket (not specifically shown) and a water tank 57 is provided. Water
circulates from this tank to the water jacket through a top pipe 59, and a bottom
pipe (not shown). This tank 57 is situated at the right side of the vehicle and
is provided with a plurality of radiating ribs 58 around its surface which carry
off the heat so rapidly, that the water seldom reaches a temperature of 212 degrees.
Situated at the left side of the vehicle is gasoline tank 60 having an indicator 61,
and a filling orifice 62. 63 is a pipe which conveys gasoline to the engine, and
64 a regulating valve therefor of any desired form. The specific construction of
my engine forms no part of my present invention, and hence need not be shown
or described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
-
1. A motor vehicle comprising a motor, a motor drive shaft, a clutch carried
thereby, drive wheels, a connection between said clutch and drive wheels, a
counter shaft actuated by the motor and carrying a brake member, a shaft extend-
ing parallel the counter shaft, a co-acting brake member actuated by said
parallel shaft, and a connection between the parallel shaft and the clutch for
operating the latter.
2. A motor vehicle comprising a motor, a motor drive shaft extending trans-
verse the vehicle, a clutch carried by said shaft, a gear wheel driven by the clutch,
drive wheels, a connection between said clutch, motor shaft and drive wheels, a
counter shaft parallel with said drive shaft and driven by said clutch gear wheel,
a brake member carried by the counter shaft, an oscillating shaft parallel with
the counter shaft, a connection between said oscillating shaft and clutch for
actuating the latter, a co-acting brake member actuated by the oscillating shaft,
and a reciprocating operating lever connected with the oscillating shaft, the
parts operating for the purpose described.

page_text: 3. The combination with the drive shaft of a friction plate fast thereto, a
second co-acting friction plate keyed thereto but movable upon and longitudinal
the shaft, intermediately pivoted dogs having one end adapted to move the mov-
able plate toward the rigid plate, and a member for separating the opposite ends
of the dogs.
4. The combination of the motor, a drive shaft, a friction plate fast to said
shaft, a second friction plate keyed to the shaft but movable longitudinally there-
on, a gear loose upon the shaft and situated between said friction plates, and dogs
adapted to move the movable plate in contact with the gear and thereby clamp it
between said friction plates.
"
5. A motor vehicle comprising a motor, a drive shaft carrying a
'fast go-
ahead"
mechanism, a single counter shaft operatively connected with the drive
shaft, the counter shaft carrying a "slow-go-ahead " and
mechanism, each driven by the drive shaft, and means
mechanisms.
66
a
"backing'
for controlling said
6. A motor vehicle comprising a motor, a drive shaft, a
anism carried by said drive shaft, a single counter shaft driven by said mechanism,
fast go-ahead" mech-
said shaft carrying a slow go-ahead and a "backing" mechanism, each of the
latter mechanisms adapted to be driven by the drive shaft, and controlling mem-
bers for all of said mechanisms.
7. A motor vehicle comprising a motor, a drive shaft, a "fast go-ahead" mech-
anism carried by but normally loose thereon, a counter shaft driven by the "fast
go-ahead" mechanism and carrying a slow go-ahead" a "backing" mechanism,
and a brake wheel, the mechanisms of the counter shaft driven by the drive
shaft independent of the "fast go-ahead" mechanism, and a co-operating brake
member, whereby the brake is adapted to be used when either of the mech-
anisms are in operation.
8. A motor vehicle comprising a motor, a "go-ahead" mechanism and a "back-
ing" mechanism, a controller for each mechanism, and a member common to
both mechanisms and adapted to apply one and by the same movement release
the other for the purpose described.
9. A motor vehicle comprising a motor, a drive shaft connected therewith and
carrying a "go-ahead" and a "backing" mechanism, a clutch for each mechanism,
an actuating member situated between the clutches, a lever connected with
the actuating member and adapted when at a central position to hold the actuat-
ing member out of contact with both clutches and to operate one clutch when
moved in one direction and to release the applied clutch and apply the unapplied
clutch when moved in the opposite direction beyond said central position.
10. A motor vehicle comprising drive wheels, separate shafts therefor and to
which the wheels are attached, bevel gears attached to adjacent ends of the shafts,
bevel gears 16 fitting between and engaging opposite edges of said shaft gears, a
support rotatable around said wheel shafts, the support carrying a driving gear
having the axis of the shafts the centre of its rotation.
11. A motor vehicle comprising a vehicle drive shaft, a revolving gear casing
operatively connected therewith, a casing gear, and a yielding connection between
said casing and its gear wheel.
12. A motor vehicle comprising a drive shaft, a propelling member operatively
connected therewith, a gear having a cavity receiving said member, and having
itself a co-acting propelling member within said cavity, and rubber situated
within said cavity and filling the spaces at opposite sides of said members and
receiving the propelling force.
13. A motor vehicle comprising a drive shaft, a casing surrounding said shaft,
a sprocket or belt wheel supported by said casing and operatively connected with
the shaft, a motor, a sprocket chain or belt operatively connecting the motor
and said sprocket or belt wheel, and means for adjustably moving said casing
n respect to the motor connection for the purpose described.
14. In a motor vehicle, a steering mechanism comprising a rigid axle having

page_text: at its ends sockets with vertical bearings, short wheel axles supported by said
bearings and having laterally extending arms, a member connecting said arms,
a bell-crank-lever intermediately pivoted and having one end flexibly connected
with said connecting member, and an operating handle operatively connected with
the opposite end of said bell crank-lever.
15. In a motor vehicle, the body provided with a seat and a portion extending
rearward of the seat, a motor situated in this rear extension of the body; the rear
extension having an open bottom and ventilated top, whereby there is a free
upward circulation of air, and in rear of the occupant of the vehicle, substantially
as described.
16. In a motor vehicle, the body, the seat supported by the body, a steering
mechanism, and a controlling lever for the steering mechanism having its lower
end pivoted in front of and below the plane of the seat, said pivoted lever extend-
ing rearwardly and upwardly, substantially as and for the purpose described.
17. A motor vehicle comprising a motor, the drive wheels operatively con-
nected with the motor, the body, a seat, the body having an entrance way in front
of the seat, controlling levers for the propelling mechanism situated just in front
of and at one end of the seat and in rear of the passage way to be operated by one
hand of the driver, and a steering handle situated at a point inside of said levers
at a point adapted to be operated by the other hand of the driver, substantially
as described.
18. A motor vehicle comprising a motor, the drive wheels operatively con-
nected with the motor, the body, a seat, the body having an entrance passage-
way in front of the seat, controlling levers for the propelling mechanism situated
just in front of and at one end of the seat and in rear of the passage-way to be
operated by one hand of the driver, and an upwardly and rearwardly extending
lever pivoted at its forward and lower end at a point in front of and inside of the
controlling levers, substantially as described.
19. A motor vehicle substantially as herein shown and described.
F. WISE HOWORTH,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.