IMPROVEMENTS ̧n IN CONNECTED WITH TRAMWAY CARRIAGES TO BE PROPELLED BY STEAM OR DRAWN BY HORSES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Randolph and Charles Randolph
Harvey, both of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Engineers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS¸n IN
CONNECTED WITH TRAMWAY CARRIAGES TO BE PROPELLED BY STEAM OR
DRAWN BY HORSES."
AND
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Randolph and
Charles Randolph Harvey at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 13th August 1872..
We, CHARLES RANDOLPH and CHARLES RANDOLPH HARVEY, both of
5-Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Engineers, do hereby
--declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CON-
NECTED WITH TRAMWAY CARRIAGES TO BE PROPELLED BY: STEAM OR DRAWN BY
HORSES," to be as follows, that is to say:

page_text: causing such carriages to deviate when required from one line of rails
to a branch line.
When the carriage is to be propelled by steam it is by preference
constructed for the most part as described in the Specification of Letters
Patent obtained by Charles Randolph, one of the present applicants, and
dated 16th October 1871 (No. 2737). The driving wheels are by
preference made the forward pair and an after or trailing pair of
ordinary tramway wheels arranged to run independently of each other
is substituted for the pair of swivelling steering wheels. The various
controlling levers are placed conveniently for the driver for whom a
scat is provided in the usual position at the upper front part, of the
carriage, and in addition there is placed within his reach at each side
a lever to be used when the driver wishes to make the carriage deviate
to a branch line on either side. Each of these side steering lovers,
as they may be termed, is connected by rods and bell-crank levers to
a brake applied to the hind or trailing wheel on that side, and also
to a stop valve for shutting off the steam from the engine or engines
actuating the driving wheel on the same side. The using of one of
these levers retards or stops the engine power and wheels on that side,
and the carriage is made to turn to the side thus retarded in consequence
of the steam power continuing to act on the other driving wheel, and the
after wheel on the other side continuing free to revolve.
In addition to what has been described another hand lever may be
provided to act on both of the side levers, and so shut off the steam on
both sides and apply both wheel brakes simultaneously when it may
be requisite to control the motion of the carriage down an incline.
When desiring to stop the carriage this additional lever may be used
as well as that or those connected to the brakes applied to the engine
crank shafts.
When applying the arrangement to a tramway carriage drawn by
horses each side lever will be connected to brakes applied to one or both
wheels on each side respectively.
By a modification applicable to tramway carriages, whether propelled
by steam or drawn by horses, cach carriage is provided with a small
additional flanged wheel carried by levers connected to a controlling
lever to bo acted on by the driver. This wheel may be conveniently
placed under the carriage, by preference slightly in advance of the

page_text: forward wheels, and it may be counterweighted or have a spring applied
to it to raise it up when not acted on by the driver: Then where one
tramway line joins another a grooved plate or tram for the small whccl
to run on is laid down for a short distance where the points occur, and
this tram is curved so as to be parallel with the line which branches or
deviates from the straight or direct line. If a driver wishes to continue
along the direct line he requires to do nothing, but if he wishes to take
the branching or deviating route he depresses the additional wheel on
approaching the points, and this wheel enters the additional grooved
tram, and by its guiding action makes the carriage or omnibus turn off
along the branch line as desired.
An increased certainty of action is obtainable by combining both of
the modifications herein-before described, and with either or both of
them it will be quite unnecessary to make the tramways with movable
points at the junctions or branch connections.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Charles Randolph and Charles Randolph Harvey
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 11th February 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, CHARLES
RANDOLPH and CHARLES RANDOLPH HARVEY, both of Glasgow, in the
County of Lanark, North Britain, Engineers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Charles Randolph and Charles Randolph
Harvey, Her special licence that we, the said Charles Randolph and
Charles Randolph Harvey, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said Charles Randolph and Charles Randolph
Harvey, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH TRAMWAY CARRIAGES TO BE PRO-

page_text: PELLED BY STEAM OR DRAWN BY HORSES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Charles Randolph and Charles Randolph
Harvey, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our, or their, or one of their hands and scals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Charles Randolph and Charles
Randolph Harvey, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, 1
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement in, writing,
reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, that is to say :-
-
Our said Invention relates to improved tramway carriages to be pro-
pelled by steam or drawn by horses, and more especially to appliances
for causing such carriages to deviate whcu required from one line of
rails to a branch or other line.
And in order that my said Invention and the manner of performing
the same may be properly understood, we hereunto append two Sheets
of explanatory Drawings, to be herein-after referred to, and representing 2
our improved arrangements. In these Drawings the same reference
numerals are used to mark the same or like parts wherever they are
repeated.
Figure 1 on Sheet 1 of the Drawings is a side elevation of a tramway
carriage as arranged to be propelled by steam; and Figures 2 and 3, arc 2
fransverse vertical sections; whilst Figure 4 is an enlarged sectional
view of certain details.
When the carriage is to be propelled by steam we prefer to construct
it for the most part as described in the Specification of Letters Patent
granted to Charles Randolph (one of us), and dated 16th October 1871 3
(No. 2737). The driving wheels 1 are by preference made the forward
pair, and an after or trailing pair of ordinary tramway wheels 2 arranged
to run independently of each other is substituted for the pair of
swivelling steering wheels referred to in that Specification. The various
controlling levers are placed conveniently for the driver, for whom a g
seat 6 is provided at the upper front part of the carriage, and in addition
there is placed within his reach at each side levers 4, 5, to be used

page_text: when the driver wishes to make the carriage deviate to a line on either
side. These side steering levers, as they may be termed, 4, 5, are fixed
on tubular rocking shafts 6, 7, set loosely on a transverse horizontal
shaft 8, and from levers on these tubular shafts 6, 7, various rods 9,
indicated by dotted lines in Figure 1, communicate through bell cranks
and other rods 11, 12, ono with a brake block 13 and another with a
steam regulator or throttle valve 14. The brake blocks 13 are applied
to the trailing or hind wheels 2, and the levers and connections on the
two sides being arranged so as to be independent of each other; the
using of one of the levers 4, for example, will cause the brake 13 to be
applied and the steam to be shut off or partly shut off on only one side
of the carriage, so that the carriage will tend to turn to the side thus
retarded, in consequence of the steam power continuing to act on the
other driving wheel, and the after wheel on the other side continuing
free to move.
If considered desirable the driving wheels 1 may have brake blocks
fitted in connection with them to be actuated each simultaneously with
that of the respective trailing wheel 2.
In addition to the levers that have been described another hand lever
10 is provided to act on both side levers 4, 5, being formed with lugs 15
to bear against lugs formed on the latter and so shut off the steam on
both sides, and apply both wheel brakes 13 simultaneously when it may
be requisite to control the motion of the carriage down an incline.
When desiring to stop the carriage this additional lever 10 may be used,
as well as that or those described in the earlier Specification herein-
before referred to, as connected to brakes applied to the engine crank
shafts. Another lever 16, shown in the Drawings, is for acting through
rods and bell cranks 17, indicated by dotted lines in Figure 1 on the
reversing valve motion links of the engines.
When applying our arrangements to a tramway carriage drawn by
horses, we connect each side lever 4, 5, to brakes applied in the same
way as herein-before described for the steam carriages to one or both
wheels on each side respectively.
By a modification applicable to tramway carriages, whether propelled
by steam or drawn by horses, each carriage is provided with a small
additional flanged or narrow rimmed wheel 18, as shown in Figures 5,
6, 7, such wheel being carried by a forked lever 19 which is connected

page_text: by a rod 20 to a lever 21 to be acted on by the driver, this last being
.cither a foot lever, as shown, or a hand lever. Figures 5 and 6 arc
vertical sections as at right angles to each other; and Figure 7 is a
separate plan of the wheel 18 and its holding lever 19. This whicel 18
is conveniently placed under the carriage, by preference slightly in
advance of the forward wheels 1, and it may be counterweighted, as
shown, or have a spring applied to it to raise it up when not acted
on by the driver. Then where cach tramway line joins another, as in
the case for example shown in plan on Sheet 2 of the Drawings, where
two streets cross each other at right angles a grooved plate or tram 22
in the groove of which the small wheel 18 can run, is laid down for a
short distance where the points occur, and this deviator or shunting
tram, as it may be termed, 22 is curved so as to be parallel with the
line which branches or deviates from the straight or direct line. If a
driver intends to continue along the direct line he requires to do nothing
on approaching the points; but if he intends to turn into the branching
or deviating route he depresses the wheel 18 on approaching the proper
points, and this whicel enters the groove of the shunting tram 22, and
by its guiding action makes the carriage turn off along the branch line
as desired.
"
An increased certainty of action is obviously obtainable by combining
both of the modifications herein-before described, and with either or
both of them it will be quite unnecessary to make the tramways with
movable points at the junctions or branch connections.
Having thus particularly described our said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, we have to state that
we do not restrict ourselves to the precise details herein described or
delineated; but that what we believe to be novel and original, and claim
as the Invention secured to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters
Patent is,-
1. The providing of tramway carriages with brake apparatus capable
of being applied at either side without being applied at both sides, sub-
stantially as and for the purpose herein-before described.
2. The combination in steam tramway carriages of arrangements for
driving the wheels on each side independently of each other, with levers
and connections for simultaneously diminishing the steam and applying
a brake or brakes on one side only, substantially as and for the purpose
herein-before described.

page_text: 3. The providing of tramway carriages with a shunting wheel, and
the providing of shunting trams to act in connection therewith, sub-
stantially in the manner herein-before described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Charles Randolph and Charles
Randolph Harvey, have hereunto set our hands and scals, this
Tenth day of February, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-three.
0 Witness,
EDMUND HUNT,
Patent Agent,
Glasgow.
CHARLES RANDOLPH.
(L.S.)
C. R. HARVEY.
(L.S.)