AN IMPROVED PRESERVATIVE AND SIZING COMPOUND FOR SIZING COTTON, WOOL, LINEN, OB PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION OTHER YARNS FOR WEAVING, AND FOR DRESSING TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederic Antoine Nicolas Freppel, of Paris, in the
French Empire, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED
PRESERVATIVE AND SIZING COMPOUND FOR SIZING COTTON, WOOL, LINEN, OB
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederic Antoine
Nicolas Freppel at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 12th September 1860.
I, FREDERIC ANTOINE NICOLAS FREPPEL, of Paris, in the French Empire,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED PRESERVATIVE AND SIZING COMPOUND FOR SIZING COTTON, WOOL, LINEN,
OR OTHER YARNS FOR WEAVING, AND FOR DRESSING TEXTILE FABRICS," to be as
follows:-
The object of my Invention is to produce a compound which shall be well
suited for sizing yarns or threads, and for dressing textile fabrics, and shall at
the same time preserve itself in a state suitable for use for a longer time than
ordinary compounds used for such purposes.
My improved compound may be produced either in a liquid or solid state,
and either odorous or not, as may be desired.

page_text: Liquid compound.-To produce it in a liquid form I take 100 kilogrammes
(268 lbs. of glycerine at 24 degrees centigrade, 1 kilogramme (2·68 lbs.) of
carbonate of soda, 1 kilogramme of gelatine, 10 grammes (6·43 penny-
weights) of alum, and 10 grammes of borax, and I mix and incorporate
these into a liquid mass. To render the compound odorous, when necessary,
I dissolve in 4 litres (7 pints) of alcohol 100 grammes (3.216 ounces) of
essence of mint, an equal weight of essence of lavender, and twice the weight
(200 grammes) of camphor. When these latter are dissolved in the alcohol,
I add 100 grammes (3.216 ounces) of the solution to the liquid compound
before described, and I obtain an odorous and eminently antiseptic sizing and
dressing compound.
Solid compound.-In order to produce a solid compound, I thicken or
solidify the compound before described, whether rendered odorous or not, by
adding 10 kilogrammes (26.8 lbs.) of fecula or starch to each litre (1-76 pints)
of the liquid compound.
I have above described the combinations and proportions of materials best
adapted to my objects, but the proportions of them may be varied, and even
some of the substances themselves omitted, provided glycerine, which is the
base of my compound, be present in suitable quantity. In some cases I
simply add glycerine to existing sizing, and dressing compounds for the
purpose of preserving the same in a state suitable for use.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederic Antoine Nicolas Freppel in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 12th March 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERIC
ANTOINE NICOLAS FREPPEL, of Paris, in the French Empire, Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Frederic Antoine Nicolas Freppel, Her special licence that I, the said
Frederic Antoine Nicolas Freppel, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Frederic Antoine Nicolas Freppel, my exe-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term

page_text: therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED PRESERVATIVE AND
SIZING COMPOUND FOR SIZING COTTON, WOOL, LINEN, OR OTHER YARNS FOR
WEAVING, AND FOR DRESSING TEXTILE FABRICS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Frederic Antoine Nicolas Freppel, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederic Antoine Nicolas Freppel,
do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:―
The object of my Invention is to produce a compound which shall be well
suited for sizing yarns or threads, and for dressing textile fabrics, and shall at
the same time preserve itself in a state suitable for use for a longer time than
ordinary compounds used for such purposes.
My improved compound may be produced either in a liquid or solid state,
and either odorous or not, as may be desired.
Liquid compound.-To produce it in a liquid form, I take 100 kilogrammes
(268 lbs.) of glycerine, at 24 degrees Beaumé, 1 kilogramme (2.68 lbs.) of
carbonate of soda, 1 kilogramme of gelatine, 10 grammes (6.43 pennyweights)
of alum, and 10 grammes of borax, and I mix and incorporate these into a
liquid mass. Or I use gelatine, fatty soap, stearine, gum arabic, or adraganthe,
in varying proportions, in combination with soda, alum, and borax, also in
varying proportions. To render the compound odorous, when necessary, I
dissolve in 4 litres (7 pints) of alcohol 100 grammes (3.216 ounces) of essence
of mint, an equal weight of essence of lavender, and twice the weight (200
grammes) of camphor; when these latter are dissolved in the alcohol, I add
100 grammes (3.216 ounces) of the solution to the liquid compound before
described, and I obtain an odorous and eminently antiseptic sizing and dressing
compound.
Solid compound.-In order to produce a solid compound, I thicken or
solidify the compound before described (whether rendered odorous or not) by
adding 10 kilogrammes (26.8 lbs.) of fecula or starch to each litre (1-76 pints)
of the liquid compound. The fecula may be economised by rendering the

page_text: starch more malleable, and so obviate the necessity of fermentation, the object
of which was to abstract the gluten from the flour. When the latter is used,
the dressing is softer. The threads are preserved in a moist state, which
permits of their being woven in the driest places, and makes the manufactured
fabric soft.
For sizing silk, wool, cotton, or linen yarns, the mixture is added to the
bath in proportions varying according to the state of the atmosphere and the
colour of the threads to be sized. It is used in the same manner for gumming
the warps used in the manufacture of cloth, and for colouring cotton, wool, or
silk, and for oiling the woollen threads used in the manufacture of cloth.
As steam favours the oxidation of the colours, and renders the grounds clearer,
I use, when steam is employed for printing, about 60 to 65 grammes (nearly
2 ounces) per litre (1.760 pints) of colour for wool, and 30 to 35 grammes
(about 1 ounce) per litre for cotton.
I have above described the combinations and proportions of materials best
adapted to my objects, but the proportions of them may be varied, and even
some of the substances themselves omitted, provided glycerine, which is the
base of my compound, be present in suitable quantity. In some cases I
simply add glycerine to existing sizing and dressing compounds, for the
purpose of preserving the same in a state suitable for use.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim the manufacture
of the compound either in a liquid or solid state, and either odorous or not,
having glycerine as its base, herein-before described, and the employment
thereof for preserving and sizing cotton, wool, linen, or other yarns for weaving
and for dressing textile fabrics.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederic Antoine Nicolas Freppel, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this First day of March, One thou-
sand eight hundred and sixty-one.
Witness,
CH. ARMENGAUD, Jo., Ing*. Civil,
Boulev de Strasbourg, No. 23,
à Paris.
F. A. N. FREPPEL. (L.S.)