Improvements in Portable Filters and Devices for Operating the same.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Mar., 1899-Accepted, 22nd Apr., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Portable Filters and Devices for Operating the
same.
1, GEORGE CROYDON MARKS, Consulting Engineer, of 18, Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane, London, W.C., (being a communication from The Pasteur-
Chamberland Filter Co., a corporation of Ohio, having its principal place of busi-
ness at Dayton, Montgomery County, in said State of Ohio, U.S. America,
Manufacturers of Filters), do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to that class of filters which are designed to operate under
pressure, and it especially relates to filters employing the Chamberland bougie
for filtering and operating under the "Systeme Pasteur."
The object of the invention is to provide a filter or filtering appliance adapted
especially for the use of armies, or for any other use which requires transporta-
tion from place to place; the constructions being such that it may be readily
folded to small compass for transportation or storage or set up complete for
operation by simple appliances and be effective in use.
In the accompanying drawings-
Fig. 1 is an elevation showing the improved filter set up ready for operation.
Fig. 2 is a similar view of the same folded for transportation, some of the
parts being broken away.
Figs. 3 und 4 are detail views showing the construction of some of the folding
parts.
Fig. 5 is a partial sectional view showing the arrangement of the filtering
tubes and the water passages to and from the filtering medium.
Fig. 6 is an elevation, partly in section, showing the arrangement of the
pump or water supplying devices.
Like parts are represented by similar letters of reference in the several
views.
In constructing the improved filter, there is employed a hollow frame or
support a, which is provided with downwardly projecting lugs or other suitable
projections, to which are hinged legs b. Three of these legs are preferably
provided, forming with the frame or support a tripod upon which all the
operating parts are supported. Hinged to each of the legs b, is a brace ¹. Two
of these braces are bent at an angle, as shown at 6 in Fig. 3, and eacli is
perforated with an opening. The other brace is formed at its extremity
with a sleeve 4, adapted to receive the bent ends & of the other braces. This
sleeve is also perforated to receive a pin or cotter which passes through
the sleeve and through the perforations of the beut ends ³, as shown in Fig. 4,
thus joining the three braces together at a point central, or substantially so,
with the tripod.
The frame or support, a, is hollow to form a water passage a¹, one end of
said frame or support being enlarged and extended upwardly in the form of
a dome to form an air chamber a², which communicates with the passage a¹

page_text: There is formed in the bottom of this support or frame and communicating
with the water passage a¹ two openings, as and a¹. In the first of these there
is secured a pump cylinder e, and in the other there is secured a valve chamber d.
A supply pipe e, having a branch e¹ leads to the pump cylinder and also to
the valve chamber d. Within the pump cylinder there is a plunger e' having
the usual arrangement of valves and c³, to cause the water to be drawn from
the supply pipe e into the pump cylinder e, and discharge into the water passage a
in the usual way when the plunger is reciprocated. This plunger is connected
by a suitable plunger rod e, which extends upwardly through the water passage a³
and a suitable stuffing box c, and connects with an operating handle, this
handle being journaled or pivoted to a link c, which in turn is attached to
suitable lugs or ears 8 formed on the air chamber a, thus permitting the
necessary movement to allow said plunger to move in a straight line as said
handle is moved in the arc of a circle.
Within the valve chamber d is a valve d¹, which is normally held closed
by a spring ³, the valve being adapted to open downwardly under pressure and
permit the escape of the water or other liquid from the water passage a¹.
The water passage al is provided at the top with a hollow hub or boss a³,
onto which is secured a base portion f of the filter proper. This base portion f
is hollow to form a chamber to receive the filtrate. There is, however, a central
perforated column 1, which passes up through the base f, which communicates
through the hollow boss a with the water passage a¹.
To the base portion, f, there is secured by a suitable clamping ring fan
outer cusing a tight joint being secured by a suitable packing ring f.
This outer casing f forms the filtering chamber is, within which is mounted the
filtering media, which, as before stated, is preferably the Chamberland bougie
or tube, as shown at f. These tubes are mounted within the chamber 13 so
that the outlet openings or nipples communicate with the filtrate chamber f,
this being preferably accomplished by projecting said nipples through suitable
openings formed in the top of the base portion f, and surrounded by packing
rings, preferably of rubber.
To hold the filtering tubes compactly and also to prevent the same from being
knocked together or against the casing in transportation, there is provided a
rubber or other suitable packing ring f, which surrounds each tube; these
packing rings being adapted to contact with each other and to form buffers to
keep the tubes separated and prevent them from knocking together. Surrounding
the entire bunch of tubes there is another elastic ring, preferably of rubber,
which serves to tie the whole group of tubes together into one compact body
so as to prevent independent movement and therefore breakage in transportation.
From the filtrate chamber there leads a suitable discharge orifice ƒ³, from
which the filtrate is collected.
The filtering chamber f¹³ is surmounted by an air valve 10, having
float f",
adapted to drop by gravity to permit the escape of air, but to close when the
water or other liquid has filled the chamber in a well known manner.
In operation the supply pipe e is attached to any desirable source of supply.
The handle is operated, thus operating the pump plunger, drawing the water
or other liquid to be filtered and forcing it into the passage a', and also, to a
limited extent, into the air chamber a, thus forming a cushion in the usual
manner for the column of water which is forced up by the pump c. In this
manner the filtering chamber is filled with the water or other liquid to be
filtered, which passes through the walls of the filtering tubes into the chamber f,
and from thence through the outlet opening into the vessels into which it
is to be collected.
The operation of pumping may be continuous and the necessary pressure will
be thus supplied to the filtering chamlier to cause the filter to operate to the best
advantage. If there should be an excess of pressure, the valve d' will be
opened against the pressure of the spring , permitting the excess to escape

page_text: through the branch e' into the supply pipe e, the water or other liquid being
thus permitted to escape until the excess of pressure is relieved; this valve
forming a safety device to prevent the pressure from passing a predetermined
limit.
When it is desired to transport the filter, the pin or cotter is removed from
the braces, and the braces turned parallel with the lega b, after which the
legs are folded so as to stand substantially parallel with the filter case so
that the whole will occupy a very narrow space and can be readily packed
into a suitable box or case for transportation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The arrangement with the hollow frame supporting the filter case and the
filtering devices in connection with the portable hinged legs and other connecting
devices as described.
2. The arrangement with the hollow supporting frame forming the water
passage and air chamber, as described, of the filter casing, the pump, and the
relief valve communicating with the water passage and the water supply,
respectively, as set forth.
3. The arrangement with the hollow supporting frame having the air chamber
and water passage, the filtering device connected to the water passage, with the
filtering chamber and the filtrate chamber, when operated in connection with
the pump connected directly to said support or frame in the manner specified.
4. The arrangement of the hollow frame or support having the air chamber
and water passage, with the lower openings for the pump and relief valve as
described, and the upper opening for the filter case, the said frame being
supported on hinged legs and with the pump handle connected to said supporting
frame so as to operate the pump, the parts being adapted to fold together, as
shown and described, as and for the purpose specified.
Dated the 20th of March 1900
VISA
day
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, and
25, Cross Street, Manchester, Agents.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, and
25, Cross Street, Manchester, Agents.