Year: 1888

page_text: I HENRY HAMELLE of 21 Quai Valmy Paris in the Republic of France Manu-
facturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :—
This Invention relates to apparatus for filtering and clarifying or purifying oil
being more particularly intended for treating oil that has been employed in
lubricating machinery and restoring this impure oil to a condition in which it may be
reused.
Oil is largely employed for lubricating the working or rubbing parts of machinery
with a view to diminishing the resistance arising from friction and thereby
economising the motive power. It is found necessary in practice to apply con-
siderably more oil to the surfaces to be lubricated than is theoretically necessary
but it is not necessary to waste as is commonly done the excess of oil that is not
actually consumed in the lubricating process. To recover this unconsumed oil
it is simply necessary to provide an apparatus which enables the oil to be used
again and again until it is entirely consumed this being effected without other
labour than that of simply pouring the oil into the apparatus and drawing it off.
Certain self lubricating bearings are sometimes employed with a view to obtaining
this result but the apparatus forming the object of the present invention is applic-
able to the regeneration or filtration and purifying of any oil that contains impurities
resulting from its employment for lubricating purposes or otherwise as hereinafter
explained.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to the several
figures on the annexed sheet of drawings the same letters of reference indicating
corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents in vertical section a filtering
and clarifying apparatus according to this invention.
This apparatus is constructed with a chamber A for the reception of the oil to be
filtered, a filter B and a vessel or chamber C for the reception of the filtered oil.
The chamber A is provided with a lid or cover a constructed with a ventilating
knob a'. The bottom of this chamber communicates through a tube T with the filter B.
contained in a casing D provided with a funnel E leading to the chamber C.

page_text: composed of dises of cloth, asbestos fabric, raw or prepared cott
or any other material suitable for filtering the oil arranged alternately or not w
discs of wire gauze is enclosed between two perforated plates. The plate b
connected to a vessel or case communicating with a pipe connected with t
tube T through a chamber F. This chamber F may be arranged as shown in t
drawing in the centre of the chamber C, receiving the filtered oil. The plate form
a cover and is attached to the vessel v to which it is connected by bolts or oth
suitable devices by which a certain amount of pressure can be applied to the filterin
discs or material.
The chamber C supports the entire apparatus and is provided with a cock or tap
for drawing off the filtered oil and with a tube c closed by a screwed plug fo
removing the foreign matter or impurities which are deposited by the oil in th
central chamber or compartment F.
extremity with a plug or valve o sustained by a chain or rod d provided at its upper
The pipe T may be provided at its lowe
end with a hook e by which it can be attached to one of the links of a short chain
suspended from a transverse bar f which serve to strengthen the cover a of the
vessel A.
The casing D of the filter proper may be closed by a tight fitting cover g provided
with a vent tube
With this arrangement the quantity of filtered oil in the apparatus cannot be increased
the upper extremity of which is level with the top of the vessel A.
to such an extent as to cause it to overflow.
The action of this apparatus is as follows. The oil to be filtered being poured into
the vessel A first fills the central chamber F then ascends the tube t to the under side
of the filter B through which it is forced by the pressure resulting from the difference
in the levels when the level in the tube T or chamber A is higher than that in the
filter B.
The vent holes formed in the knob a¹ in the cover a allow air to freely enter the
vessel A which is thus open to the atmospheric pressure. The air escapes from the
casing D either at the edges of the cover when the latter is loosely fitted or through
the pipe when the said cover is tightly fitted to the said casing. After passing
upwards through the filter the oil falls through the funnel E into the chamber (whence
it can be drawn off through the top r. Owing to the slow or gradual progress of the
filtering and the manner in which the oil is conducted to the filter a considerable
quantity of the impurities is deposited on the bottom of the chamber F whence it is
removed through the plug hole or tube c.
When the apparatus is provided with the valve o the latter is unhooked and
lowered on to its seat before opening the chamber F. After emptying or cleaning
out this chamber the valve is hooked up again to enable the filtering to proceed.
3
When the filtering is found to take place too slowly the filter B is taken to
pieces and cleaned or renewed after which the parts being replaced the filtering 10
proceeds at the normal rate.
by repeated cleaning new filtering material must be provided. This is seldom
After a time the filtering material becoming worn out
required when asbestos fabric is employed combined with wire gauze.
The saving resulting from the employment of this filtering apparatus is about
eighty per cent.
45
Figure 2 illustrates in vertical section a modified arrangement of the apparatus.
This apparatus is easier and cheaper of construction.
eater and more mechanical and the parts are better protected being all enclosed in
ne casing with nothing projecting except the drawing off tap and a gauge glass n.
The general appearance is
n this figure the parts are marked by the same letters of reference as are used to 50
istinguish the corresponding parts in Figure 1.
rovided with a cover a and is forced through a filter B provided with plates bb
The oil is poured into a vessel A
eing finally collected in a receiver C whence it can be drawn off through the
Pr.
The difference consists in the relative position of these parts. The filter B and the 55
ceiver C are contained within the vessel A which extends to the ground the depositing
amber F provided with a plug c being formed in the base.

page_text: The air or vent tube is placed in the centre of the vessel A and connects the
receiver with the upper part of the said vessel. This tube passes through the filter B
as indicated in the drawing and through the filter case D which supports the filter.
The tube is perforated with holes at its lower part within the casing D and is
provided with a lateral orifice near the closed upper end. A sieve of wire gauze
or perforated metal is provided at the upper part of the vessel A being so arranged as
to admit of being readily removed.
The action of the filtering apparatus in this modified form is the same as in the
arrangement herein before described. The oil to be filtered is poured into the vessel A
after removing the cover a and passes through the sieve which holds back the larger
impurities. The oil is then forced through the filter B by the pressure of the column
of liquid above the said filter in the vessel A. The filtered oil is collected in the
receiver C after passing through the holes in the tube which also provides for the
escape of air from the said receiver as the latter becomes filled with oil. The filtered
oil is drawn off through the tap and the solid matter or impurities deposited in the
chamber Fare removed through a plug hole c.
I do not limit myself to the precise arrangements illustrated by way of example in
the drawing as the same may evidently be modified in various ways without departing
from the principles of the invention. The form and dimensions of the parts must be
regulated according to the nature and quantity of the oil to be treated and any suit-
able materials may be employed in the construction of the improved apparatus.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The filter composed of discs or pieces of cloth asbestos fabric raw or prepared
cotton or other materials suitable for filtering oil arranged alternately with sheets of
wire ganze or otherwise the said filter being enclosed between two perforated plates
and having the oil to be filtered forced through it substantially as hereinbefore
described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
2. The combination of the filter B arranged and operating as hereinbefore set forth
and enclosed in a casing D with an oil vessel A placed or containing oil at a higher
level in order to obtain the required head or pressure of liquid, the said oil vessel
being provided with a cover a having a vent a¹ and the casing D being provided with
a cover provided with a vent pipe when the said cover fits tightly on the said casing
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
3. The general combination of the oil filtering apparatus comprising a vessel A for
the oil to be filtered, a filter B a receptacle C for the filtered oil and a chamber F for
the deposit of the impurities with or without a plug or valve o all operating in the
manner and for the purpose substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.
4. The general combination of the oil filtering apparatus comprising an outer
chamber or vessel A for the oil to be filtered a filter B a receiver C with a gauge
glass n and a tap for the discharge of the filtered oil, a chamber F in which the
impurities are deposited and a tube with holes and all arranged and operating
in the manner and for the purpose substantially as herein before described with reference
to Figure 2 of the accompanying Drawings.
Dated: azh day of Santambor 1888