An Improved Vapour Burner for Heating.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 30th May, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 30th Mar.. 1893-Accepted, 20th May, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Vapour Burner for Heating.
1 CHARLES RICHARDS of 156 Dalston Lane, London N. Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to vapour burners by which liquid hydrocarbons are
vaporised for the purpose of creating great heat and which do not require cotton
wick for assisting evaporation. Such hydrocarbons as methylated spirits, benzoline
or others of a suitable nature may be used. The burner consists of a metallic tube
which is connected to a reservoir placed at a higher level than the outlet. From
this raised reservoir the hydrocarbon is fed to the burner through the tube under
the pressure of its own weight. The burner consists of a thicker metallic tube
inserted into the outlet of the feed-tube whereby the inside diameter is reduced
and which at the outlet forms an inverted cone. A stop or regulating-valve is
now formed by a solid moveable rod which placed opposite and is shaped conical
at its end so as to fit into the inverted conical outlet of the tube. Both tube and
regulating rod are mounted in a tray. A. rest, tripod or pedestal may then be
provided, either as a fixture or separate for placing over the burner and for the
support of vessels or the like which are to be heated.
Dated this 30th day of May 1892.
CHARLES RICHARDS.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Vapour Burner for Heating.
CHARLES RICHARDS, Engineer, of 156 Dalston Lane, London, N. do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in vapour burners of the type in which
-after the evaporation of the liquid fuel has been started by any extraneous
means-the heat of their own flame serves to automatically maintain a continuous
evaporation of the fuel; heat sufficient for maintaining the constant volatilization
being conducted from the flame to a vaporizing chamber by the metallic parts
forming the burners. Methylated spirit, benzine, benzoline, or other suitable
hydrocarbons may be used as fuel.
In order to more fully explain my improved burner reference is made to the
attached drawings in which like letters denote like parts in the various figures.
The figures represent my improved burner as follows:-
Fig. 1. side view of apparatus with burner and feed screw in section.
Fig. 2. end view of boat and burner parts.
Fig. 3. plan of boat and burner parts.
Fig. 4. double cone regulating valve.
Fig. 5. view of self-contained portable reservoir with tubing.
Fig. 6. view of portable reservoir without tubing.
Fig. 7. plan of 3-burner cooking arrangement.
Fig. 8. side view of wall bracket cooking arrangement.
Fig. 9. side view of 2-burner cooking arrangement.
My improved burner consists of a reservoir R, tubing T, which feeds the fuel
from reservoir to burner, and the burner proper B.
The reservoir, the shape of which may vary and which contains the fuel, is

page_text: raised so that its outlet is on a higher level than the burner. A pressure on the
burner is thereby created, a lid is provided for the reservoir preferably a screw
down top a, hollowed out inside. This top, when somewhat unscrewed, has a vent-
hole b, (Fig. 1.) which serves a double purpose. It acts as a feeder in admitting
the atmosphere whereby the pressure on the burner is increased and the feeding
onward of fuel to the nozzle is facilitated; it also may act as an extra safety valve
and vent. The reservoir can be unscrewed either at its outlet, which terminates in
a male screw c (Fig. 6.) or a piece of tubing may be fixed to the reservoir which
also ends in a male screw e (Fig. 5). A cap d is provided for closing off reservoir
and which screws on to the male screw e or c'. Fill the reservoir with fuel, screw
tight a & d and it then forms a self contained portable fuel vessel; washers are
inserted at c and c².
The tube which feeds the fuel from the reservoir to the burner may be in one or
more pieces, bent or joined in a suitable manner. The inner passage of the tubing,
preferably in the part or parts nearest the burner are blocked to retard the feeding.
of fuel. Any such well known devices may be employed for this purpose such as
for instance a bunch of straight or twisted wire, wire gauze, square strips or rods
or pieces of metal, granulated metal or shot more or less fine, or asbestos, or
the like.
The burner proper consists of a tray or boat. This boat may be square, oval,
oblong, or round, or I may shape it as illustrated in the sketches (Figs. 1, 2, & 3.)
viz., square at one end and semicircular at the other c. A portion of the bottom
of the boat is left open. The shape varies according to the shape of the flame
I desire to produce. The back, has two passages one central and horizontal
passage g, in the longitudinal direction of the boat, the other passage h, takes a
slanting direction from the middle of the top of back f, to one of the corners
opening at the bottom (Fig. 2). The feeding tube is connected to passage h, at the
bottom. From h, at top of back f, the tube is curved over at i, towards the opposite
side of the boat and then continuing turned under until the nozzle k, reaches the
bottom of the boat at 1, opposite the passage g. On top of the upper bend i, a
button m is fixed, which can be either round, triangular, square, hexagonal, or any
other shape. This button assists in shaping and spreading the flame and has more
especially the function of accumulating heat at the curve i, which latter serves as
vaporizing chamber. The button may also be fixed under the bend i.
nozzle. k takes the shape of an inverted cone, the tube at the nozzle may be
narrowed by inserting a smaller tube. Through the passage g, which is screw
threaded a regulating valve », enters the boat and meets the nozzle. The valve n
(Fig. 1.) terminates in a cone fitting into the inverted cone of the nozzle, and a
second conical step is provided, where the valve becomes thicker at o, (Fig. 4).
The
This second cone serves to spread the flame by diverting the direction of the
impinging vapours. A cup or saucer p may be attached to the bottom of the boat
for the purpose of catching the first drops of fuel which escape at the nozzle when
opening the regulating valve n, and these drops may be lighted for first warming
up the vaporizing chamber i situate above.
The action of the burner is the following:-
From the reservoir R, the fuel feeds through the tubing T, and through
passage h, in the back, f, of burner, being retarded on its way by the means
described. It then enters the vaporizing chamber i, and escapes at the nozzle k.
When first opening the regulating valve n which shuts off the nozzle k, the fuel
escapes and runs into the saucer p, and is then set alight. This small extraneous
flame heats up the vaporizing chamber i above, vapour begins to form and escapes
from the nozzle catching light from flame in saucer.
The flame at nozzle then
continues to heat chamber i, passage h, button m, whereby vapour continues to be
formed, and the flame will burn as long as fuel is supplied. As the reservoir
remains perfectly cool, it can be filled up or refilled while the flame is alight.
Two or more burners can be fed from the one reservoir and can burn at the same
time. Figures 9 & 7 show two and three burners attached to one reservoir. For

page_text: cooking or heating purposes the burners can be mounted as wall brackets (Fig. 8.)
a metal holder or support being provided for carrying the cooking vessels, &c.
Tripods single or double, or with three or more flame holes, either attached or
separate or detached or as fixtures can be provided as portable supports for
cooking utensils, &c., as shown in Figures 7, 8, and 9, Fig. 7, being a view from the
top, leaving out reservoir, of a three flame stand.
The burners are made of any suitable metal.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. A vapour burner for cooking or heating purposes consisting of a tray or
boat ef, passages h g, a curved upper bend i, a lower bend e l and nozzle k a double
cone regulating and flame spreading valve no, substantially combined, for the
purpose, and constructed as described.
2nd. In vapour burners as described by Claim 1 a button or flame spreader m,
placed on top or below the bend or vaporizing chamber i, which at same time
intensifies the heat and assists in vaporizing the fuel.
3rd. A raised reservoir for feeding two or more vapour burners simultaneously,
substantially as and for the purpose described.
4th. In combination with vapour burners a feeding vent hole b, in the top or lid
of the reservoir, substantially as and for the purpose described.
5th. In combination with vapour burners a detachable reservoir provided with a
screw and washer at top and bottom forming a self-contained portable fuel vessel,
substantially as and for the purpose described.
Dated this 28th day of February 1893.
CHARLES RICHARDS.