Refuse Petroleum and the like.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Feb., 1887
Complete Left, 25th Oct., 1887
Complete Accepted, 25th Nov., 1887
Refuse Petroleum and the like.
I, PEROY HADDAN of the firm of Herbert & Co., Patent Agents, of 67, Strand, in
the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, a communication. to me from abroad by George L. Benton of Titusville,
Pennsylvania, United States of America, Manufacturer, to be as follows:-
--
This invention consists in a method and means for producing lighter hydrocarbons
from the refuse of petroleum oil, tar-oils and other heavy mineral oils and of refining
crude petroleum.
The apparatus serving for this purpose consists of a series of pipes arranged in a
furnace by which the series is heated. The range of pipes communicates on the one
side with a force-pump and on the other side with a vapor chamber; before the latter
a stop valve is applied for regulating the supply, so that it is possible (by a suitable
adjustment of the same) to maintain a considerable pressure (285 pounds or more to
the square inch) in the pipes.
The refuse of petroleum oil, tar-oils and the like are forced under a considerable
pressure by the force-pump through the pipes in which they are heated.
On the entrance of the liquid into the vapor-chamber which may be under pressure
of one atmosphere or which may be exhausted to any lower pressure as desired, a
rapid evaporation of the heated hydrocarbons is effected.
The vapor chamber is heated to avoid the condensation of the vapours generated
therein which pass therefrom to a condensing apparatus in which they are condensed.
The heavier liquids not evaporated flow off at the bottom of the vapor chamber.
In order to avoid additional pressure a suitably weighted check-valve is placed
between the force pump and the series of pipes, which valve does not allow the return
of the liquid into the tank of the pump if the intended pressure is surpassed.
For producing refined-oil from crude petroleum the working is. performed in the
same manner in the apparatus but under a lower pressure.
Dated this 7th day of February 1887.
HERBERT & Co.,
67, Strand, W.C.,
Agents to Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method and Means of Refining Crude and
Refuse Petroleum and the like.
I, PERCY HADDAN, of the firm of Herbert & Co., Patent Agents, of 18, Buckingham
Street, Charing Cross, London, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention, a communication to me from abroad by
Geo. L. Benton of Titusville, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Manufacturer,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention consists in a method and means for producing lighter hydrocarbons
from the refuse of petroleum oil, tar-oils and other heavy mineral oils and of refining
crude petroleum.
In the accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional elevation of the
apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line a a of Fig. 1, and
Fig. 3 a top view of the same.
The apparatus serving for this purpose consists of a series of pipes B arranged in a
furnace A, by which the series is heated. The range of pipes communicates on the
one side with a force-pump T and on the other side with a vapour chamber C, before
the latter a stop-valve g is applied for regulating the supply, so that it is possible (by
a suitable adjustment of the same) to maintain a considerable pressure (285 pounds or
more to the square inch) in the pipes.
The refuse of petroleum oil, tar oils and the like are forced under a considerable
pressure by the force pump T through the pipes, in which they are heated. On the
entrance of the liquid into the vapour-chamber C which may be under pressure of
one atmosphere, or which may be exhausted to any lower pressure as desired, a rapid
evaporation of the heated hydrocarbons is effected.
The vapour-chamber C is heated to avoid the condensation of the vapours generated
therein, which pass therefrom to a condensing apparatus H, in which they are
condensed. The heavier liquids not evaporated flow off at the bottom of the vapour-
chamber at h.
In order to avoid additional pressure in the pipe B, a suitably weighted check
valve is placed between the force pump T and the series of pipes B, which valve
does not allow the return of the liquid into the tank of the pump if the intended
pressure is surpassed.
For producing refined oil from crude petroleum the process is performed in the
same manner in the apparatus but under a lower pressure.
:
Having now particularly described and ascertained. the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:
1) The method and means for producing lighter hydrocarbons from the refuse of
petroleum-oil, tar oils and other heavy mineral oils, consisting in heating said oil or

page_text: oils under high pressure to a temperature above boiling point thereof during the
supply through a series of pipes.
2) The refining of crude petroleum by means of the same method under a lower
pressure.
3) The method of evaporating under low pressure in a heated vapour chamber
aforesaid oils superheated under high pressure.
4) The continual flowing off of the heavier (not evaporated) liquids at the bottom
of the vapour-chamber.
5) The combination of said vapour chamber with a heated range of pipes, being
under pressure and with a condensing apparatus as set forth.
6) The combination with the above apparatus of a check valve at the entrance of
the series of pipes B and of an adjustable valve between the range of pipes and the
vapour chamber.
Dated this 25th day of October 1887.
PERCY HADDAN.
By Herbert & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, W.C.,
Agents to Applicant.