IMPROVEMENTS IN MA- CHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Cowban and Elias Andrews, of Burnley, in
the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MA-
CHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Sealed the 16th August 1859, and dated the 4th March 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Cowban and Elias
Andrews at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 4th March 1859.
We, JAMES COWBAN and ELIAS ANDREWS, of Burnley, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be
as follows:-
These improvements relate more particularly to that description of mules in
which the mangle motion is used, commonly known as Smith's plan.
We employ a shaft through the headstock for connecting the spindle gearing
in each carriage, which shaft is driven by one band for the purpose of putting
the twist in the yarn equally in each carriage. We also use a quadrant
similar to that employed on Sharp and Roberts's mules for the purpose of
procuring a positive winding on motion; thus, instead of two rim bands, as at
present, we employ only one, which, in connection with the quadrant, enables
us to have both a positive twisting and winding-on motion.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Cowban and Elias Andrews in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 2nd September 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
COWBAN and ELIAS ANDREWS, of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said James Cowban and Elias Andrews, Her special licence that we, the
said James Cowban and Elias Andrews, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said James Cowban and Elias Andrews,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING FIBROUS MATERIALS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said James Cowban and Elias Andrews, by an
instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal
'of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
.same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said James Cowban and Elias Andrews,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and the manner in which
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement (that is to say):-
Our improvements relate more particularly to that description of mules in
which the mangle motion is used, commonly known as Smith's plan.
We employ a shaft through the headstock for connecting the spindle gearing
in each carriage, which shaft is driven by one band for the purpose of putting
the twist in the yarn equally in each carriage. We also use a quadrant
similar to that employed in Sharp and Roberts' mules for the purpose of
procuring a positive winding-on motion; thus, instead of two rim bands, nis
at present, we employ only one, which, in connection with the quadrant,
enables us to have both a positive twisting and winding-on motion.

page_text: These improvements will be clearly understood by referring to the figures
and letters on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which Figs. 1 and 2
are side elevations of the framework and other parts of the headstock of a
"Smith's mule," Fig. 3 a front elevation of the same, and Fig. 4 a detached
view of a modification of one of the movements. a represents the ordinary
framework of the headstock; b, the main driving shaft; c, the carriages at
each side; d, the spindles; and e, the pulley for giving motion to the double
rimmed twist pulley f. The spindle gearing in each carriage is connected to
one shaft g, extending from one end to the other of the two carriages, so that
positive and uniform motion shall be given to the entire number of spindles for
putting the twist equally in the yarn. Motion is given to the shaft g when
the carriages are coming out, and the twist given to the yarn from the double-
rimmed twist pulley f on the driving shaft b by means of the single band h,
which passes from the pulley f and over the double-rimmed guide pulley i to
one-half of the circumference of the double-rimmed pulley kc, fixed to the
shaft g, and returns to the double-rimmed guide pulley 1, from whence it
proceeds and again passes over the pulley f, from which it passes again to the
pulley i, and from thence in a straight line to the double-rimmed guide
pulley m, over which it passes and proceeds onwards to the pulley k, one half
of which it encircles on the opposite side, and returns to the guide pulley m,
over which it passes, and returns in a straight line to the guide pulley Z, thus
causing a single band to act upon two rims of pulleys, and thereby obtain the
amount of friction required.
In connection with the aforesaid positive twist motion, we employ a positive
winding-on motion, consisting of the quadrant n, pinion o, chain p, drum q,
and band 1, similar to those employed in Sharp and Roberts' mules. The
chain drum g is connected to a toothed wheels, working in another toothed
wheel t, attached to a click plate u, both of which work loose upon the shaft g,
the click plate u being furnished with a click v, which acts on a ratchet
wheel w fixed to the shaft g, so that after the twist has been given to the yarn,
and the carriages made to recede by means of the ordinary mangle wheel and
bands of a Smith's mule, the chain shall be unlapped and turn the drum q,
giving motion to the toothed wheels, toothed wheel t, and click plate u, the
click of which acts against and turns the ratchet wheel w, fixed to the shaft g,
thereby turning the latter at the desired speed for winding on the yarn, it
being understood that the twist pulley f is at liberty in consequence of the
driving strap passing on to the loose pulley in the usual manner. The chain
is relapped on the drum by the cord and the weight y, in the usual manner.
In Fig. 4 we represent another arrangement of double-rimmed pulleys,

page_text: over and under which the band passes for giving motion to the shaft g when
putting the twist in the yarn... The band h passes from one of the grooves of
the twist pulley to the under side of the pulley a¹, from whence it proceeds to
.the pulley b', which it partly encircles, and then passes over the pulley k fixed
to the shaft g. The band then passes over the pulley c³, and proceeds to the
-pulley d', from whence it again passes over the twist pulley f, and is carried a
second time over the pulleys in the same manner as the first, so that when
junction is formed, the band encircles a large portion of each of the cir-
-cumferences of the pulley K, and thus produces a powerful effect.
But the same result may be attained by other arrangements of pulleys
having any desired number of rims, and placed in any suitable position.
Having thus fully described the nature of our said. Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, we desire it to be distinctly
understood that we do not confine ourselves to the precise details herein set
'forth, as such may be varied or modified without departing from the principle
thereof; but we claim as our Invention, and which, to the best of our know-
ledge and belief, has not been hitherto used within the realm, the application
to mules in which the mangle motion is employed, commonly called "Smith's
"plan," of one shaft only for connecting all the spindle gearing, so that the twist
may be put equally into the yarn in each carriage; and also the application to
the aforesaid description of mules of a quadrant and parts usually connected
with it for obtaining a positive winding-on motion, as all such improvements
are herein described, and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Cowban, for and on behalf of
myself and the said Elias Andrews, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this First day of September, in the year of our Lord One thou-
sand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named James Cowban, in the presence of
E. J. HUGHES, Patent Agent,
Manchester.
JAMES COWBAN. (L.S.)