IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO FIRE-STOVES OR GRATES AND COOKING RANGES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Day, of 16, Southampton Buildings, in
the County of Middlesex, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
Sealed the 28th December 1875, and dated the 29th June 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Day at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th June 1875.
I, GEORGE DAY, of 16, Southampton Buildings, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO FIRE-STOVES OR GRATES AND COOKING
RANGES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements applicable to fire-stoves or
grates and cooking ranges.
According to this Invention I form a grating or aperture at the back
of the fire-grate or box communicating with a chamber constructed
behind the same, which chamber communicates by a flue leading from

page_text: the side, top, or other part thereof, and thence in a downward direction
into a second chamber, spreading under the whole or part of the surface
of the hearth or top plate of the chamber, and communicating with an
uptake flue leading into the chimney; the uptake being usually made
larger than the said down flue.
The grating or aperture at the back of the fire-grate or box is con-
structed so that its upper part will always be above the upper surface of
the fuel in combustion. Thus arranged a strong draft is developed
through the said back grating or aperture; the chamber behind and
downwards into the bottom chamber and up.the ascension flue into the
chimney, the smoke and other heated products of combustion being
thus carried in that direction. When they enter the bottom chamber
they may be deflected by means of draft plates suitably arranged therein
and directed backwards and forwards in any direction required before
being finally allowed to pass up the ascension flue away into the
chimney, and thus made to impart heat to the top plate or hearth to
be radiated into the room or surrounding atmosphere. The top plate
or hearth is usually made of iron for the better transmission of the
hent

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said George Day in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 29th December 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
DAY, of 16, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said George Day, Her special license
that I, the said George Day, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said George Day, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
APPLICABLE TO FIRE-STOVES OR GRATES AND COOKING RANGES," upon the con-
O dition (amongst others) that I, the said George Day, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Day, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof (that is to say): —
This Invention relates to improvements applicable to firc-stoves or
grates and cooking ranges.
.:
And in order that the same may be clearly understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe it with the aid of the
5. accompanying. Drawings, reference being had to the letters and figures
marked thereon, and in which Fig. 1 is a front elevation of an ordinary

page_text: 4
register stove with my improvements combined; Fig. 2 is a back
elevation thereof; Fig. 3, a plan view of Fig. 2; and Figs. 4 and 5
respectively, elevation and plan of a part of the stove detached. In
each Figure the same letter of reference wherever it occurs indicates
like or corresponding parts.
According to my Invention I form a grating or aperture A at the
back of the fire-grate or box B, communicating with a chamber C, con-
structed behind the same. I prefer however a grating as illustrated in
the Drawings, where it forms the front of a box A (shewn separately at
Figs. 4 and 5). This box A is slid into the chamber C, so that the grating
or bars of the box will form the back of the fire-grate, and the bottom of
the box A will form the bottom of the chamber C. This chamber C com-
municates by a flue D leading from the upper part thereof in a down-
ward direction with another chamber E, spreading under the whole or
part of the surface of the hearth. The hearth thus forming the top
plate of the chamber is made by preference of iron, though stone or other
substance may be employed. The chamber E may bo an iron box
superposed by the stove, or the chamber may be constructed on the top
of an ordinary stone hearth, the hearth forming the bottom. In the
front is a small sliding door e to allow of any ash, soot, or other
deposit being easily removed. This chamber E communicates with
an uptake F leading into the ordinary flue. The uptake is usually made.
larger than the down flue D though not invariably so.
The grating or aperture A is constructed so that its upper part will
be above the surface of the fuel in combustion. The stove being thus
constructed and a fire lighted and allowed to burn up with the register
open as in the ordinary manner, a strong draft is developed through
the grating A and the chamber C behind, down the flue D into the
chamber E, and thence up the uptake F into the ordinary flue. The
register may then be closed or, if preferred, left open for ventilation.
The heated products of combustion and what smoke is unconsumed aro
therefore carried in the direction indicated instead of straight up the
chimney in the ordinary manner. Practically the stove is found to be
When the products of combustion
almost a perfect smoke consumer.
enter the bottom chamber E they may be deflected by means of draft
plates suitably arranged therein and directed backwards and forwards,
or in any direction required before being finally allowed to enter the

page_text: or grates and cooking ranges, substantially as herein-before set forth and
described and illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Day, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of December, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
GEORGE DAY. (L.S.)
Vitness,
Clerk to John W™. Gray, C.E.,
Patent Agent,
16, Southampton Buildings,
W.C.