IMPROVEMENTS IN MA- AUTORY AD ÅDDARATING FOR RIVETTING OR PUNCHING METAT
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ralph Hart Tweddell, of Sunderland, in the
County of Durham, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MA-
AUTORY AD ÅDDARATING FOR RIVETTING OR PUNCHING METAT."
Sealed the 11th June 1872, and dated the 12th December 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ralph Hart Tweddell
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 12th December 1871.
I, RALPH HART TWEDDELL, of Sunderland, in the County of Durham,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR RIVETTING OR PUNCHING METAL," to be as
follows:-
The object of these improvements is to do away as much as possible
with the difficulty now existing in rivetting and punching such de-
scriptions of work as cannot be casily brought to the present machines,
and are more particularly applicable to all kinds of boiler work, wrought
iron wheel work, ships' frames and beams, and girder work.

page_text: These improvements or part of them are applicable to both portable
and stationary machines, and consist in attaching to the ram or piston
rod of an ordinary cylinder as at present in use in existing rivetting
machines (whether worked by steam, air, or water) one or more double
arms or horns of wrought iron metal, steel, or other suitable material,
and in attaching (in combination therewith) one or more double arms
or horns to the said cylinder, or to abutting standard, or to other con-
trivance used to receive the strain when the machine is in action, the
said arms or horns being furnished at one of their ends with the
necessary removeable steel cups and dies or punching dies for rivetting
or punching. The double arm or horn nearest the cylinder is connected
with the ram and the outer horn or double arm, that is to say, the one
furthest from the cylinder is connected with the cylinder by means of
two or more tension or tie rods, these tension or tie rods being intended
to receive the strain when the machine is at work, instead of the strain
being transmitted to the usual metal bed plate standards and framing as
at present; the horns or double arms work on pivots, where they are
connected respectively with the ram and the cross head or guide block
at the outer end of the tension rods, the object of this being to keep the
cylinder and tension rods in line. The horns or double arms may be
easily changed in accordance with the different shapes and dimensions,
or class of work to be done, they may also be adapted if desired to
existing machinery, whether worked by water, steam, air, “gearing,”

page_text: may be furnished with liners) touch, they (the arms or horns) advance
towards each other until the pressure is equal at both ends, or as nearly
as possible so, thus avoiding all or nearly all side thrust on the ram.
The outer double arm or horn may be advanced or retired, to allow of
the difference in the thickness of the work to be done, by means of
adjusting nuts on the tension rods or similar appliance.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Ralph Hart Tweddell in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 11th June 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RALPH HART
TWEDDELL, of Sunderland, in the County of Durham, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the
thirty-fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Ralph Hart Tweddell,
Her special licence that I, the said Ralph Hart Tweddell, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Ralph Hart Tweddell, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
RIVETTING OR PUNCHING METAL," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Ralph Hart Tweddell, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Ralph Hart Tweddell, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the

page_text: same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:―
The object of these improvements is to do away as much as possible
with the difficulty now existing in rivetting and punching such de-
scriptions of work as cannot be casily brought to the present machines,
and are more particularly applicable to all kinds of boiler work, wrought
iron wheel work, ships' frames and beams, and girder work.
These improvements or part of them are applicable to both portable
and stationary machines, and consist in attaching to the ram or piston
rod of an ordinary cylinder as at present in use in existing rivetting
machines (whether worked by steam, air, or water) one or more double
arms or horns of wrought iron metal, steel, or other suitable material,
and in attaching (in combination therewith) one or more double arms
or horns to the said cylinder, or to abutting standard, or to other con-
trivance used to receive the strain when the machine is in action, the
said arms
or horns being furnished at one of their ends with the
necessary removeable steel cups and dies or punching dies for rivetting
or punching. The double arm or horn nearest the cylinder is connected
with the ram and the outer horn or double arm, that is to say, the one
furthest from the cylinder is connected with the cylinder by means of
two or more tension or tie rods, these tension or tie rods being intended
to receive the strain when the machine is at work, instead of the strain
being transmitted to the usual metal bed plate, standards, and framing
as at present; the horns or double arms work on pivots, where they are
connected respectively with the ram and the cross head or guide block
at the outer end of the tension rods, the object of this being to keep the
cylinder and tension rods in line. The horns or double arms may be
easily changed in accordance with the different shapes and dimensions,
or class of work to be done, they may also be adapted if desired to
existing machinery, whether worked by water, steam, air "gearing," or
hand labor.
The mode in which the machinery or apparatus which constitutes the
Invention is intended to work is as follows:-The machine having been
applied by means of any suitable lowering gear to the work required to
be done, or in the case of a stationary machine, the work being adjusted
in the machine, the plates or girders or work requiring rivetting or

page_text: punching are placed between the two ends of the double arms or horns
that are furnished with the necessary cups and dies or punching dies,
the nearest double arm or horn is (when the machine is put in motion)
by the action of the ram advanced till the cups and dies come in contact
with the work to be done, the outer double arm or horn being kept
stationary by means of the tension rods, the inner double arm or horn
is pressed forward until the work is completed. In consequence of the
arms or horns working on pivots, if the ends furnished with the cups
and dies come in contact with the work before the other ends (which
may be furnished with liners) touch, they (the arms or horns) advance
towards each other until the pressure is equal, in the case of horns of
equal length from centre line of cylinder at both ends or as nearly as
possible so, thus avoiding all or nearly all side thrust on the ram. The
outer double arm or horn may be advanced or retired, to allow of the
difference in thickness of the work to be done, by means of adjusting
nuts on the tension rods or similar appliance.

page_text: level of ground; but I do not bind myself to either arrangement, but
merely give illustrations to shew how my machine may be applied.
Figures 8 and 9 shew two forms of hydraulic universal joints which
are intended for use in order to obtain flexibility in connecting the pipes,
the rivetter, and the accumulator or pumps.
In witness whereof, I, 'the said Ralph Hart Tweddell, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy-two.
RA. HART TWEDDELL. (L.S.)