Improvements in Cocks or Valves.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Apr., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 28th Jan., 1892-Accepted, 5th Mar., 1892
PROVISIONAL DEMOTIVATION,
Improvements in Cocks or Valves.
I FREDERICK TEMPLAR FARRER of 17 Flood Street King's Road Chelsea in
the County of Middlesex Sanitary Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to provide a cock or valve which whilst it can be
efficiently closed can be opened so as to leave a clear straight way through the pipe
or passage in which it is situated.
According to my invention, the body of the cock or valve, is made of a pipe or
piece having through it a straight passage way and transversely of this is formed an
opening (preferably conical) extending through the pipe or piece forming a seating
closed at its one end whilst at its other end it is open the opening being covered by
a cap piece which is of a size sufficient to receive the plug (or valve proper) of
the cock or valve which plug is made of a size and shape to completely fill the said
opening in the body when the plug is moved fully home. The plug is moved in
either direction to close or open the cock or valve by means of a spindle (operated
by screwing or by a lever or otherwise according to the kind of valve to which the
invention is applied) which is attached to the plug so that it compels the plug to
follow the longitudinal but not the rotary motion of the spindle (in the case of using
a screw spindle).
When the cock or valve is closed the plug fills the opening in the body and bears
upon the seating formed by the sides of the opening the said plug being forced or
drawn tightly against the said seating.
The valve may be operated automatically, as for instance is the case with a ball
cock or it may be operated by hand in which case a screw spindle is preferable and
then when the cock or valve is to be opened the spindle is turned in the direction
opposite to that in which it is turned for closing and the plug then entirely leaves the
opening in the body and enters the aforesaid cap piece leaving the way through
the body fully open and straight through continuously with, and if desired of the
full sectional area of, the pipe or passage with which the cock or valve is used so
that any clearing of the pipe passage or valve-way can be readily effected. The
plug of the cock or valve may be made entirely of, or be covered with, rubber or
other equivalent material.
These cocks or valves give facilities which are not given by ordinary cocks or
valves. Either end can be used as inlet and outlet as desired and the said cocks or
valves may be arranged in any suitable position, and one, two three or more of
them may be arranged in one body part as desired. For instance I may make the
body part in three branches one from say the main, the other to the house supply
and the other to supply a draw off from the main, so that by operating these the
house supply pipes may be emptied and the main be drawn from directly in frosty
weather or when otherwise desired.
This both of Al 1001

page_text: Improvements in Cocks or Valves.
I, FREDERICK TEMPLAR FARRER of 17 Flood Street, Kings Road, Chelsea in
the County of Middlesex Sanitary Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to provide a cock or valve which whilst it can be
efficiently closed can be opened so as to leave a clear straight way through the pipe
or passage in which it is situated.
According to my invention the body of the cock or valve is made of a pipe or
piece having through it a straight passage way and transversely of this is formed
an opening (preferably conical) extending through the pipe or piece forming a
seating closed at its one end whilst at its other end it is open the opening being
covered by a cap piece which is of a size sufficient to receive the plug (or valve
proper) of the cock or valve which plug is made of a size and shape to completely
fill the said opening in the body when the plug is moved fully home. The plug is
moved in either direction to close or open the cock or valve by means of a spindle
operated by screwing or by a lever (or otherwise according to the kind of valve to
which the invention is applied) which is attached to the plug so that it compels the
plug to follow the longitudinal but not the rotary motion of the spindle (in the case
of using a screw spindle). When the cock or valve is closed the plug fills the
opening in the body and bears upon the seating formed by the sides of the opening
the said plug being forced or drawn tightly against the said seating. This valve
may be operated automatically as for instance is the case with a ball cock or it may
be operated by hand in which case a screw spindle is preferable and then when the
cock or valve is to be opened the spindle is turned in the direction opposite to that
in which it is turned for closing and the plug then entirely leaves the opening in
the body and enters the aforesaid cap piece leaving the way through the body fully
open and straight through continuously with and if desired of the full sectional
area of the pipe or passage with which the cock or valve is used so that any
clearing of the pipe passage or valve way can be readily effected. The plug of
the cock or valve may be made entirely of or be covered with rubber or other
equivalent material. These cocks or valves give facilities which are not given by
ordinary cocks or valves. Either end can be used as inlet and outlet as desired
and the said cocks or valves may be arranged in any suitable position and one two
three or more of them may be arranged in one body part as desired. For instance
I may make the body part in three branches one from say the main the other to the
house supply and the other to supply a draw off from the main so that by operating
these the house supply pipes may be emptied and the main be drawn from
directly (say near to or just within the house) in frosty weather or when otherwise
desired.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a longitudinal section of a screw-
down cock or valve constructed according to my invention the cock being shown
closed.
Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 shewing the cock open.
Figures 3 and 4 are corresponding views of a modified arrangement according to
my invention, and
Figure 5 shews a combination of three plugs arranged in one body part for
directing or drawing off fluid in different directions as required.
The body A of the cock consists of a pipe having a passage a therein which may
be the same bore throughout and the same as that of the pipe to which it is connected
so that when the cock is opened there will be a full and clear or unobstructed
passage for the liquid through the cock. Transversely through the passage a there

page_text: is provided a chamber 6 for the reception of the plug f of the cock. This chamber b
is closed at one end and open at the opposite end which open end is covered by a
screwed cap d provided with a chamber or recess p for the reception of the plug or
stopper when raised and through which the stem e of the plug or stopper / passes.
The plug is preferably made slightly conical the sides of the chamber being
correspondingly coned so as to form a fluid tight seating for the plug when closed.
The plug is preferably connected loosely to the stem e so as to ensure it properly
seating itself in the chamber 6 when depressed. A convenient way of connecting
the plug to the stem e is shewn in the drawings and consists in providing on the
stem a loose plate g the end of the stem being reduced and passed through a hole
in this plate and through a washer or collar c and rivetted or beat over so as to
form on the stem a neck on which the plate g can turn. To this plate g is secured
by screws or rivets a piece / having on one side thereof a projection / recessed to
receive the washer c and the beat over end or knob k on the stem e.
The projection is provided for the reception of the plug which may be cast or
otherwise fixed thereto. The plug may be made of any suitable soft metal such
for example as lead or of lead alloyed with tin or the like, or it may consist entirely
of india rubber vulcanite or other like material, or it may consist partly of rigid
material coated with a suitable soft or yielding substance so as to form a good
bearing surface. In Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings the stem e is shewn as having
a screw thread m thercon screwing into a corresponding thread n formed in the
interior of the neck of the cap d the recess p being formed just below the thread n
to receive the plug when the stem is screwed out to its full extent. The outer
end of the stem passes through a stuffing box or gland q and is provided with a
hand wheel r by means of which the stem may be turned in one direction to raise
the plug into the recess p so as to open the passage through the cock, or in the
reverse direction to lower the plug into the chamber so as to stop the passage way
through the cock. Instead of raising and lowering the plug by means of a screw
thread as described the stem e, may be plain and be attached at its outer end to a
lever or other convenient device by means of which it may be raised and lowered as
required to open and close the cock. In the foregoing arrangement the plug by
being loosely connected to the stem e minimises the probability of it seating itself
repeatedly in the same part and therefore the liability of the plug or its seat
becoming more worn in one part than in another part is prevented, and a fluid tight
junction between the plug and its seat is ensured.
In the arrangement illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 the stem e has no longitudinal
movement in the body of the cock, and the screw thereon instead of working in a
thread in the body of the cock as in the arrangement Figures 1 and 2 works in a
thread formed in the plug f which plug prevented from turning with the stem e
in the body by ribs t engaging in notches formed in a flange on the plug-
-so that
when the stem e is turned in one direction the plug is caused to rise on the stem into
the recess p and so open a clear way through the cock and then by turning the
stem in the reverse direction the plug will be caused to descend and securely close
the passage through the cock.
As in valves or cocks made according to my invention either end can be used as
outlet or inlet as desired. I can use them in the following arrangement shewn in
Figure 5. The body A. of the cock is provided with three branches A' A' A³ one
of which for example A' is connected to the water main another of the branches A'
being connected to a pipe leading say to a house and the third branch As being in
communication with a pipe leading to another place of discharge say for instance
near to or just inside the house. By means of this arrangement a direct passage
for the water from the main to the house may be made by raising the plugs A¹ Ã³
and lowering the plug at A' or in frosty weather for instance the water may be
drawn from the house through the branch A³ by lowering the plug at A' and raising
the plugs at A2 and A³ and then after lowering the plug at A² and raising the plug
at A¹ water may be drawn direct from the main through the branch A³.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
:―
First. A cock or valve having a passage for fluid straight through the body
thereof and a plug or stopper arranged to move in a chamber in a direction trans-.
versely to the passage the inner surface of the chamber forming a seating for the
plug or stopper to close the passage through the cock substantially as hereinbefore
described.
Second. In a cock or valve a plug or stopper arranged to move in a direction
transversely to the passage for the fluid through the cock the said plug or stopper
being loosely connected to the operating stem or spindle so as to enable it to
properly seat itself in a seating to stop the flow of fluid through the cock whether
the plug be operated by screwing or otherwise substantially as hereinbefore
described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings.
Third. In a cock or valve a plug or stopper arranged to move in a direction
transversely to the passage for the fluid through the cock the said plug or stopper
being operated by means of a screwed stem working in a screw thread in the plug
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 of the
accompanying drawings.
Fourth. The combination of several cocks or valves constructed as herein before
described and claimed, so that the direction of the fluid may be varied as desired
substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 5 of the accom-
panying drawings.
Fifth. The combinations of parts constituting the improved cocks or valves as
hereinbefore described and illustrated respectively in Figures 1 and 2 and Figures 3
and 4 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 20th day of Lon1900
F. T. FARRER.