Improvements in and relating to Wheels for Velocipedes and other Road Vehicles.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Jan., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 18th Oct., 1892-Accepted, 10th Dec., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Wheels for Velocipedes and other
Road Vehicles.
I ROBERT EDWARD PHILLIPS Member of the Institution of Mechanical
Engineers, of 70 Chancery Lane, in the Parish of St. Andrews, Holborn, in the
County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
which has been communicated to me from abroad by Leopold Holt of Frankfort-
on-the-Main, Gentleman, to be as follows:-
My invention relates to an improved construction of pneumatic or air-inflated
tyre for the wheels of velocipedes and other road carriages, and it has for its
object, facilitating the gaining of access to the air tube for the purpose of
repairing it when punctured, or otherwise damaged.
According to my invention make the outer cover or hollow tyre of a tubular
form, the wall of the said tyre being preferably thicker at that part adapted to form
the tread than elsewhere and lined throughout with, or having incorporated with
it, canvas or other suitable textile fabric to prevent the tyre spreading or bulging
under pressure. The air tube is of the usual construction, made of good rubber
so as to be elastic and it is preferably made in a length with closed ends.
is also fitted with any suitable form of valve for inflation and deflation.
It
To allow the air tube to be inserted in and withdrawn from the hollow tyre there
is formed in its underside, i.e., in the side adapted to fit against the rim of the
wheel, one or more holes or slots of a width not exceeding two thirds the width
of the rim intended to receive the tyre, and of any suitable length. These holes
or slots are closed by contact of the hollow tyre with the rim of the wheel and
to prevent the tyre bulging at these points when it is inflated, the hollow tyre
is lined around these holes or slots with a lining of metal or other unstretchable
material. This lining may either be incorporated with the tyre when it is being
built up, or it may take the form of a loose plate adapted to fit in the interior
of the tyre.
The tyre is fixed to the rim by two or more studs attached to the tyre and
adapted to pass through holes formed in the rim and to be locked thereto by
lock nuts.
I prefer to mount some of these studs on the lining plate or plates hereinbefore
referred to, so that the tyre is anchored down to the rim at the points where the
holes or slots are formed. When the lining plates are loose in the tyre form
beads or enlargements on the interior edges of the holes or slots, and fashion
or shape the plates to engage with such beads or enlargements as a further
preventative against the tyre bulging or spreading at the points where the holes or
slots are formed.
Dated this 18th day of January 1892.
ROBT. ED. PHILLIPS, M.I.M.E.,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Wheels for Velocipedes and other
Road Vehicles.
I ROBERT EDWARD PHILLIPS Member of the Institution of Mechanical
Engineers, of 70 Chancery Lane, in the Parish of St. Andrews Holborn in the
County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
which has been communicated to me from abroad by Leopold Holt of Frankfort-
on-the-Main, Gentleman, and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to an improved construction of pneumatic or air-inflated
tyre for the wheels of velocipedes and other road carriages, and it consists. in
cutting or forming openings in the underside of the tyre through which the air tube
can be introduced and withdrawn, in reinforcing or strengthening the tyre at the
points where these openings are formed, by means of lining plates, frames, or their
equivalents, and in fixing the tyre to the rim of the wheel by one or more bolts or
their equivalents, the object being to facilitate the gaining of access to the air tube
for the purpose of repairing it when punctured or otherwise damaged.
I attain this end in the manner shown by the accompanying drawing in which
Figure 1 is a view in transverse section of a tyre showing an opening therein,
reinforced by an open plate frame moulded in the thickness of the wall of the tyre.
Figure 2 is a broken view in longitudinal section thereof, and Figure 3 is a
broken view in plan thereof.
Figure is a broken view in plain of a tyre in which the opening therein is
reinforced by two strips placed one on each side of the said opening.
Figure 5 is a view in cross section showing how the reinforcing plate may be
attached to the tyre by means of a strip of fabric.
Figure 6 is a view of the open plate frame.
Figure 7 is a broken view in plan of a tyre having an opening reinforced by a
frame jointed at its ends and middle so that it can be sprung open and closed.
Figures 8 and 9 are views in transverse section and broken elevation respectively
showing how the tyre is fixed to the rim by bolts.
Figures 10 and 11 are views in cross and longitudinal section respectively
showing how a loose reinforcing plate is used with an opening in the tyre taking
the form of a slit, and Figure 12 is a view in cross section showing a similar plate
used with an opening in the tyre taking the form of a hole.
Figure 13 is a view in sectional plan showing another means of reinforcing the
tyre round the openings therein.
Throughout these views similar parts are marked with like letters of reference.
According to my invention I make the outer cover or hollow tyre A of a tubular
or approximately tubular form in cross section, the wall of the said tyre being
preferably thicker at that part adapted to form the tread than elsewhere, and lined
throughout with, or having incorporated with it, canvas or other suitable textile
fabric in the ordinary manner. The air tube is made of rubber only so as to be
elastic and it is preferably but not of necessity made in a length with closed ends,
but its construction presents no novel features. The air tube is fitted with any
suitable form of valve for inflation and deflation.
To provide for the introduction and withdrawal of the air tube, the hollow tyre A
has in its underside i.e. in the side adapted to fit against the rim B of the wheel,
one or more openings A of a convenient size and shape. These openings A' are
closed by the contact of the hollow tyre A with the rim B, and to prevent the lateral
expansion or bulging of the tyre round these openings-when the tyre is inflated-
it is reinforced round the said openings by means of liners, plates, frames or their
equivalents made of metal or other unstretchable substance or material. These
liners, plates, or frames may either be moulded or otherwise formed in the thickness

page_text: of the tyre when it is being made or built up, as shown by Figures 1. 2. 3. 4. 8.
and 9, or they may be fixed thereto by strips of fabric cas shown by Figure 5.
As
a modification the liners, plates, or frames may be placed loosely in the tyre A so
as to engage with beads or enlargements a, a, formed on the edges of the
openings A as shown by Figures 10, 11, and 12 and thus reinforce the tyre.
The reinforcing device when it is formed in or fixed to the tyre preferably takes
the form of a curved plate having an opening in it forming a frame as shown by
Figure 6, but it may consist of two strips of sheet metal or stiff wire moulded,
formed, or fixed to the tyre along each edge of the opening as shown by Figure 4.
These plates frames or strips are not of necessity made of metal, as they may be
made of any material, substance or fabric that is unstretchable such for instance
wire gauze, vulcanite fibre or exceedingly close woven canvas.
When the opening
in the tyre takes the form of a slit or narrow slot the reinforcing frame is jointed at
the ends and middle so that it can be sprung open or closed as shown by Figure 7.
This frame would be fixed round the slot or slit in the tyre by strips of fabric or in
any other convenient manner. When the reinforcing device is placed loosely in the
tyre, it takes the form of a plate C having turned over edges adapted to engage
with beads or enlargements a, a, formed on or fixed to the sides of the opening A',
the said plate being provided with a stud or bolt D and nut d by which it is locked
down to the tyre, and so prevents the tyre expanding at the opening and at the
same time fixes the tyre to the rim as shown by Figures 10, 11, and 12.
Another method of reinforcing the tyre round the openings is to fix to the tyre,
or to incorporate with it when it is being built, strips C of any suitable unstretchable
but preferably flexible substance or material placed to form a diamond round the
opening as shown by Figure 13 so as to transmit the strain on each side of the
opening to the ends thereof.
It will be understood that there may be any number of these openings in
the tyre, though two are all that are required in tyres of the ordinary size
now used.
The tyre A is fixed to the rim by one or more studs or bolts D attached to the
tyre and adapted to pass through the rim and to be locked down thereto by lock
nuts d. These studs or bolts are preferably mounted on or adapted to engage with
the liners, plates or frames C as shown by Figures 8. 9. 10. 11. and 12, so that the
tyre is anchored to the rim at the points where the openings are formed. They
may however be attached to or adapted to engage with the tyre at any other point
or points and in any other manner.
When the studs or bolts D are mounted on the liners, plates or frames C as
shown by Figures 8 and 9, two studs or bolts may if desired be used with each liner,
plate or frame, one at each end of the opening in the tyre.
It will be understood that the hereinbefore described devices for reinforcing
tyres having openings in them are applicable to all types of tyres having openings
in them to provide for the introduction and removal of the air tube, and it is
specially adapted for use with such tyres when used in conjunction with rims having
similar openings in them. The same reinforcing devices may also be used with the
canvas pockets or bags adapted to contain the air tube, when such pockets or bags
are made separate from the outer cover and with openings in them.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a pneumatic tyre having one or more openings therein for the introduction
and removal of the air tube, preventing the lateral expansion of the tyre around the
said opening, or openings, as set forth.
2. In a pneumatic tyre having one or more openings therein for the introduction
and removal of the air tube, reinforcing the tyre round the opening or openings,
and fixing the tyre to the rim of the wheel to close the said opening or openings, as
set forth.

page_text: 3. In a pneumatic tyre having one or more openings in it for the introduction and
removal of the air tube, reinforcing the tyre round the said opening or openings, as and
for the purpose herein before described and as illustrated by Figures 1. 2. and 3. of
the accompanying drawing,
4. In a pneumatic tyre having one or more openings in it for the introduction and
removal of the air tube, reinforcing the tyre round the said opening or openings, as
and for the purpose hereinbefore described and as illustrated by Figure 4 of the
accompanying drawing.
5. In a pneumatic tyre having one or more openings in it for the introduction and
removal of the air tube, reinforcing the tyre round the said opening or openings, as
and for the purpose hereinbefore described and as illustrated by Figure 5 of the
accompanying drawing.
6. In a pneumatic tyre having one or more openings in it for the introduction and
removal of the air tube, reinforcing the tyre round the said opening or openings, as
and for the purpose hereinbefore described and as illustrated by Figure 7 of the
accompanying drawing.
7. In a pneumatic tyre having one or more openings in it for the introduction and
removal of the air tube, reinforcing the tyre round the said opening or openings, as
and for the purpose hereinbefore described and as illustrated by Figure 13 of the
accompanying drawing.
8. In a pneumatic tyre having one or more openings in it for the introduction and
removal of the air tube, preventing the lateral expansion of the tyre at the said
opening or openings and fixing the tyre to the rim of the wheel in the manner
herein before described and illustrated by Figures 8 and 9 of the accompanying
drawing.
9. In a pneumatic tyre having one or more openings in it for the introduction and
removal of the air tube, preventing the lateral expansion of the tyre at the said
opening or openings and fixing the tyre to the rim of the wheel in the manner herein-
before described and illustrated by Figures 10. 11. and 12 of the accompanying
drawing.
10. In a pneumatic tyre, the combination of a cover tubular in cross section and
having one or more openings in it, of a liner, plate or frame adapted to reinforce the
cover round each of the said openings, and of an air tube adapted to be inserted in
the said cover through the opening or openings therein, all combined, arranged, and
operating as and for the purpose set forth.
11. In a pneumatic tyre, the combination of a cover tubular in section and having
one or more openings in it, of beads or enlargements formed on, or fixed to the edges
of the said openings, of a plate having turned over or flanged edges adapted to
engage with the beaded or enlarged edges of the openings in the cover, and of a
bolt or stud fixed to or engaging with the said plate and adapted to draw the said
plate down to clamp the cover to the rim of the wheel, all combined, arranged and
operating as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 18th day of October 1892.
ROBI. ED. PHILLIPS.