CERTAIN IM- PROVED MODES OR PROCESSES POR MAKING BUTTONS, BEADS, AND OTHER ORNAMENTS OF Derce
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Allan Edwin Hewson, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick. Japanner, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IM-
PROVED MODES OR PROCESSES POR MAKING BUTTONS, BEADS, AND OTHER
ORNAMENTS OF Derce"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Allan Edwin³
Hewson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
*Petition, on the 15th October 1852.
ALLAN EDWIN. HEWSON, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention, for "CERTAIN IMPROVED MODES OR PROCESSES FOR MAKING
BUTTONS, BEADS, AND OTHER ORNAMENTS OF DRESS,". to be as follows:-
My. Invention relates to that description of buttons, beads,, and
ornaments that have been heretofore made of paper by being cut out of
a sheet and pressed-into form, and then, put together by glue or other
adhesive matter. Instead of which process I form the body of such,
button, bead, or, other ornament of a suitable material, and then cover
them with paper pulp and press them into form, whereby 1 effect a

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Allan Edwin Hewson in the Great Scal Patent
Office, on the 15th April 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, J,
ALLAN EDWIN HEWSON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Japanner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of October, Anno
Domini One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the sixteenth
year of Her reign, lid, for Пerself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Allan Edwin Hewson, Her special license
that I, the said Allan Edwin Hewson, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as 1, the said Allan Edwin Hewson,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVED MODES OR PROCESSES FOR MAKING BUTTONS, BEADS, AND
OTHER ORNAMENTS OF DRESS," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Allan Edwin Hewson, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,"
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Allan Edwin Hewson, do'
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement (that is to say):

page_text: I will first recite my Provisional Specification, which is as follows:
My Invention relates to that description of buttons, beads, and
"ornaments that have been heretofore made of paper by being cut out
"of a sheet and pressed into form, and then put together by glue or
"other adhesive matter. Instead of which process I form the body
"of such button, bead, or other ornament of a suitable material, and
then cover them with paper pulp and press them into form, whereby
"I effect a great saving, and produce a better article. The japanning
CE and finishing is the same as that now in use."
I will now proceed to give in substance the nature of my Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, reference being
had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters
maiked thereon (that is to say): My Invention relates to that descrip-
tion of buttons, beads. and ornaments that heretofore have been made
of paper or millboards pressed into form, and put together in parts or
sections by means of glue or such like adhesive matter, such goods
being finished by japanning and polishing in the usual way. But as
such articles so made are very liable to crack at the parts where they
áre united, I propose by my Invention to avoid this great defect, and
at the same time to effect an economy in price by using a less expensive
material, and this I accomplish by the following processes:-I form a
composition of suitable materials, such as sawdust and glue, or sand and
rosin, and of such composition when properly mixed and in a plastic
state (which is easily done by the application of heat or steam) I take
small pieces, and form them into the shape and size required for the
ground work or body of such buttons, beads, or other ornaments
may desire to make, and this may be easily done by moulding it into
the desired form by the hand, or squeezing into suitable moulds. J
allow these bodies to dry and contract before proceeding to the next
process, which is, to coat or cover the said bodies with common paper
pulp; I say common, because the pulp used in the manufactury of of:
paper is the material suitable for my purpose, and with which I cover:
or coat the bodies before described with a sufficient quantity, preserving.
the form by patting or rolling them between the hands, an art that
children may soon acquire, or they may be formed at this stage in:

page_text: suitable moulds, when they are again allowed to dry and harden, which
may be facilitated by placing them in a suitable stove or oven at a low
heat. My next process is to give to such beads, buttons, or ornaments
the exact size and shape required, and this I effect by pressing them in
suitable dies, a process which is well understood, and may be easily done
by means of a common fly-press of suitable strength and power, when the
surplus material that may be in the articles so pressed will be forced
out' at the meeting of the dies. The articles at this stage are then steeped
in linceed oil. and again submitted to the heat of the stove; after which
the 'surplus material is clipped off by means of a fly-press and suitable
tools, and the part made smooth and uniform, ready to be japanned
and finished in the usual way Referring to the Drawings, Fig. 1.
represents the section of a button made on the plan herein described,
a being the body. c the pulp, and d the shank. which should be applied
at the close of the second process, or before the button is being squeezed
into form at the "fly-press." Fig. 2, represents a side view of a finished
button. Fig. 3. represents the first process or body for a bead; and Fig. 4,
the same covered with pulp, the pulp being shown in section; and e, and f
Fig. 5, represents, partly in section, a pair of press tools for pressing
a round bead into form, as represented at Fig. 6; the projections g. 9.
being the surplus pulp forced out in the process of pressing. Fig. 7,
represents another pair of press tools, shewn also partly in section; these
tools are for clipping off the surplus pulp g, g; h, being nothing more
than Fig. 6, placed on the "bed tool" ready for the top tool to descend
and clip off the superfluous pulp. next drill a hole through the bead
for the purpose of stringing; this hole is shown in the section, Fig. 8:
and Fig. 9, represents a finished bead. I do not confine myself to the
exact form of button, or to the form of bead, as they may be made
in the forms shewn at Fig: 10, Fig. 11, or any other desirable form.
Fig. 12, represents front and edge views of flat ornaments made
according to the plan herein described, and suitable for the centre and
side pieces of bracelets, which, when finished by the usual process of
japanning, will have much the appearance of jet.
Having thus given a general description of my Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood

page_text: that I do not confine myself to the exact detail herein described; but.
what I do claim is,―
The making of japanned buttons. beads, and ornaments of paper
pulp, with an internal body composed of glue and sawdust, or other
such suitable composition, thereby avoiding the necessity of jointing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Allan Edwin Hewson, have here.
unto set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of April, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
ALLAN EDWIN HEWSON. (L.S.)