CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING COTTON AND GOTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Clark Ogden, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, and William Gibson, of the
same place, Manager, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING COTTON AND GOTHER
FIBROUS MATERIALS."
1.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Clark
Ogden and William Gibson at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 17th February 1853.
We, THOMAS CLARK OGDEN, of Manchester, in 'the County of
Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, and WILLIAM GIBSON," of the same place,
Manager, do hereby declare the naturo of the said Invention of
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING"
COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS to be as follows:
Our improvements relate solely to that class of spinning machinery
called mules, and principally to what are now commonly called "self
actors." The first part of our Invention consists in a certain novel
construction and arrangement of mechanism for actuating what is

page_text: termed the "under faller" for guiding the threads on to the spindles
during the "winding on" of the yarn. This we propose to effect by a
lever being actuated by means of a pulley and quadrant which are
connected together by a chain or belt. The second part of our Inven-
tion consists in a novel construction of draught slide to be applied to the
"roller stands" for regulating the distance, and, consequently, the amount
of draught between the rollers. This is effected by means of a rod
connected to all the roller slides from end to end of the mule, so that
they can all be regulated equally, and at one movement, by turning a
screw at one end of the same, instead of being set separately, as here-
tofore. This improvement is also applicable to hand mules. The third
part of our Invention consists in a certain novel construction of
apparatus for regulating the "putting up" or "going in" of the spindle
carriage to the drawing rollers, in order to counteract the injurious
effects resulting from any variation of speed in the steam engine or
driving power, more especially in spinning what are called "fine counts."
This we effect by means of certain friction pullies attached to the
driving pulley, and actuated by means of an eccentric. And the fourth
part of our improvements consists in a certain novel method of
regulating the "winding on " of the yarn on to the spindles, which is
effected by the adaptation of the "scroll motion" and lever thereto, in
place of the apparatus ordinarily employed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Clark Ogden and William Gibson in the
Great Seal Patent Office, on the 17th August 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we,
THOMAS CLARK OGDEN, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Cotton Spinner, and WILLIAM GIBSON, of the same place, Manager,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of February, in the
year of our Lord Oue thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, and in the

page_text: sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs ands uccessors,
give and grant unto us, the said Thomas Clark Ogden and William
Gibson, Her especial license that we, the said Thomas Clark Ogden and
William Gibson, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such.
others as we, the said Thomas Clark Ogden and William Gibson, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER
FIBROUS MATERIALS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the
said Thomas Clark Ogden and William Gibson, by an instrument in
writing under our hands and scals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great.
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Thomas' Clark Ogden and
William Gibson do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement and
accompanying Drawings (that is to say):
Our improvements in machinery or apparatus for spinning cotton and
other fibrous materials relate to that class of spinning machinery called
"mules," and to other spinning machines that require the use of
"drawing rollers." The first part of our improvements relates to the
spindle carriage of the mule, and consists in a certain novel form or
construction of that part of the same ordinarily termed the "under
faller," and in a certain novel arrangement of apparatus for actuating
the same in order to guide the threads on to the spindle during the
"winding on " of the We form the "under faller" of a strip of
wood or other suitable material, the upper edge of which is covered
with metal. This strip is supported upon vertical sliding rods passing
through swivelling bearings, and attached at their lower ends to levers
yarn.

page_text: mounted upon a shaft called the "quadrant" shaft. The said quadrant
shaft is placed inside the carriage, and is actuated in the usual manner.
The second part of our improvements relate to the roller stands, and
consist of a certain novel arrangement of slide bar to be applied thereto
for the purpose of regulating the distance between the rollers. This
we effect by means of a rod or bar passing through all the roller stands
from end to end of the mule or frame; and furnished with diagonal or
inclined projections, one of which passes through an inclined slot formed
in the under-surface of each of the stand slides. The said rod is moved
by means of a screw or other convenient apparatus, and thus the inclined
projections acting equally on all the stand slides at the same time will
set them all to the same distance simultaneously, instead of their being
set by hand separately, as heretofore. This part of our improvements
is also applicable to hand mules and other spinning frames. The third:
part of our improvements relates to the "headstock" of the mule
usually known as Smith's mule, and consists of a certain novel arrange-
ment of mechanism for regulating the "winding on" of the yarn on to
the spindles by gradually tightening the friction band upon the wind-
ing on pulley. This we effect by means of a lever acted upon by a
cam or scroll keyed upon the boss of the mangle wheel. The fourth
part of our Invention applies also to the headstock, more especially to.
what is commonly known as "Potter's horizontal headstock," and
consists in a certain novel construction or arrangement of apparatus for
regulating the "putting up" or "going in" of the spindle carriage 'to
the drawing rollers, in order to counteract the injurious effects resulting
from an increase or variation of speed in the 'steam engine or other
driving power, more particularly when spinning what are called "fine
counts." To the pulley which is attached to the bevil pinion that drives
the "putting up" motion we attach a friction pulley, to which is applied
a break actuated by means of a lever and an eccentric fixed upon the
cam shaft; one end of the break is attached to the framing of the head-
stock by means of a screw bolt. This bolt has upon it one or more
india-rubber or other clastic washers, so that by tightening or slackening
the nut upon the bolt the friction of the break is increased or diminished
accordingly. In order more fully to describe our Invention, and to
'

page_text: illustrate the practical application thereof, we have annexed: hereunto a
Sheet of Drawings representing our several. improvements, and have
marked the same with figures and. letters of reference corresponding
with those in the following description thereof. Fig. 1; is. a: transverse
section of the spindle carriage of a mulc, representing the first part of
our improvements as applied thereto: a, a, is the spindle carriage;
b, b, is the tin roller, and c,.c, the spindles; d, d; are the top faller levers,
which are mounted and actuated as usual. Instead of one wire,
however, we employ a series of wires c; e, e.... The under. faller, is re-
présented at ff It is formed of a strip of bay wood or other suitable
material, its upper edge being covered with metal, and is mounted.
upon vertical rods g, g." These rods g, g, slide through swivelling,
bearings or guide, h; and are connected or jointed at their lower
extremity to levers i, i.. These levers are keyed or screwed upon the
shaft called the quadrant shaft k, k, which is placed inside the spindle
carriage near to the tin roller or spindle drum b, b, and is actuated in
the usual manner. By this arrangement. we impart to the under. faller
an easy. and almost vertical motion. Fig: .2, represents .a. platí view,:
and Fig. 3, a side elevation of an ordinary."roller stand and stand
slide drawn about full size, and representing the second part of our
improvements as applied thereto: a, a, is tlie roller stand, and b, b, is:
the stand slide. In each of the roller stands a recess is formed in
which a rod or bar (c, c, extending from end to end of the inule or frame):
is to 'slide. The rod or bar c, c, is provided with diagonal or inclined
projections d. d, which pass through similarly inclined notches or grooves
formied in the under surface of, the stand slide b, b. The stand slide
b, b, is connected to the roller stand.assa; by means of the bolt 'e, e,.which
passes through a slot in the roller stand, and is left sufficiently slack to
allow the stand slide to move upon the roller stand. It is evident,
therefore, that if the rod or bar c, c, is moved by means of a screw or
other convenient apparatus: at' one end or otherwise, the inclined pro-
jections d, d, acting upon the stand slides will'set them all at regular
distances simultaneously. Fig. 4, represents a side elevation of part
of the headstock of a spinning mule, drawn to the scale of about one
incli and a half to a foot, and representing the adaptation thereto

page_text: 66
of the third part of our improvements. a, a, is part of the framing
of the headstock; b, b, is the "mangle wheel;" and c, c, is the
winding on pulley." Upon the bass of the mangle wheel b, b, a
cam or scroll d, d, is keyed, which as it revolves acts against a
pin e, at one end of a lever f, f. This lever f, f, is keyed upon the
stud g, upon which also the short lever h, h, is fixed. To this lever
h, h, is attached a rod i, i, the other end of which is connected to the
friction band k, k, which passes around the winding on pulley c, c. The
lever f, f, is guided by means of a pin l, working in a curved notch or
slot, and is kept always in contact with the scroll d, d, by means of the
spiral spring m, m. It will be evident that as the scroll d, d, revolves
the friction band k, k, will be gradually applied more forcibly to the
"winding on pulley" c, c, until the highest rise of the cam passes the
pin e, when it will suddenly relax. It will be observed that the scroll
d, d, is furnished with a moveable piece n, n, by which its power may
be increased. This piece n, is employed at the commencement of the
cop, owing to the greater number of revolutions of the spindles required
to wind on the length of yarn; but as the diameter of the increases
it is gradually closed to the level of the scroll. Figs. 5, and 6, represent
side and front views of the fourth part of our improvements, drawn to a
scale of about one inch and a half to a foot. a, a, is the driving shaft,
and b, b, is the driving pulley; c, c, is a pulley attached to the bevil
pinion d, d, which drives the "putting up" motion as usual. To the
pulley c, c, a friction pulley e, e, is attached, being acted upon by means
of a friction break f. f. The friction break f, f, is applied to the surface
of the pulley c, c, by means of a lever g, g, the other end of which is
depressed by an excentrich, h, mounted upon the cam shaft i. One end
of the break f, f, is connected to a fixed bracket k, k, by means of a
bolt 1, and nut m, and there are one or more india-rubber or other
clastic washers placed above and below the bracket. Thus it will be
seen that by turning the nut m, the break can be made to act more or
less forcibly upon the pulley e, e, so as to regulate the putting up, and
compensate for any variation of speed in the engine or other motive
power.
сор
Having thus described the nature and object of our said Invention of

page_text: improvements in machinery or apparatus for spinning cotton and other
fibrous materials, together with the manner of carrying the same into
practical effect, we would remark, in conclusion, that we claim as our
Invention,
First, the novel form or construction of the "under faller" and
apparatus for actuating the same, and also the application of a number
or series of wires in the top faller, as set forth and described.
Secondly, the regulating of the distance of the drawing rollers by
means of a rod or bar, having diagonal projecting pieces or inclined
planes. acting simultaneously the whole length of the mule or spinning
frame, as set forth and described.
Thirdly, the scroll and lever for applying the requisite amount of
friction to the "winding on pulley," as set forth and described; and,
Fourthly, the apparatus for applying the friction to the "putting up
pulley, and regulating the same, as shewn in the several Figures of the
annexed Drawing, and above more particularly set forth.
In witness whereof, we, the said Thomas Clark Ogden and
William Gibson, have hereunto set our hands and scals, the
Sixteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
THO C. OGDEN.
(L.S.)
WILLIAM GIBSON.. (L.S.)