Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Nov., 1886.
Complete Left, 9th Aug., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 13th Sept., 1887.
I CORNELIUS SMITH of 10 Church Road, De Beauvoir Town in the County of
Middlesex Electrician do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
:-
The improvements relate to apparatus in which a dynamo is driven from one of
the axles of a carriage and the current passed into a secondary battery or accumulator
from which the lamps are worked.
gear by
In order that the guard or attendant may be able readily to disconnect the
which the dynamo is driven from the axle so as to put the dynamo out of action
whenever the accumulator is fully charged or whenever the train is ascending a steep
gradient I arrange the driving gear in the following manner.
A pulley made in two halves is bolted on to the axle. Against the upper part of
the circumference of this pulley is forced a wheel which is preferably surrounded
with a rubber tyre. The wheel is carried by a horizontal lever arm at an intermediate
point of its length.
At one end the lever turns loosely on an axis whilst the other end is forced
downwards by a coiled spring. In this way the wheel is kept always in contact
with the pulley and yet leaves the carriage springs free to play.
The circumference of the rubber tyred wheel is also kept in contact with the
circumference of a wheel fixed upon the axis which forms the fulcrum of the
lever the bearings of the rubber tyred wheel are for this purpose made adjustable.
On this axis is a band wheel driving an endless band.
The coiled spring by which the lever is forced downwards is placed around a vertical
tube which passes through a hole in the lever and forms a guide for it. The coiled
spring bears against the lever and against a collar on the tube. A vertical rod passes
downwards through the tube and at its lower end has a collar upon it to come against
the underside of the lever so that by raising the rod the lever may be raised and the
rubber tyred wheel lifted out of contact with the pulley on the axle. The rubber
tyred wheel is made broader than this pulley so that slight endway play of the axle
shall not shift the pulley out of contact with it. The rod may be lifted by turning a
hand wheel and nut which screws on to a screw thread on the rod.

page_text: In order that the dynamo when in action may always be driven in the same direction
whichever way the train is moving the endless band above mentioned is not arranged
to drive the dynamo direct but the dynamo is driven by an endless band from a band
wheel on an axis on which are fixed two toothed wheels-parallel with this axis is
another axis on which are two loose toothed wheels-one of these gears with one of
the fixed toothed wheels and the other with an intermediate wheel in gear with the
second fixed wheel.
Mounted on the second mentioned axis is a band wheel situated between the two
loose toothed wheels. The band wheel turns on a screw thread cut on the axis so that
when revolved it travels endwise along the axis for a short distance either in one
direction or the other according to the direction in which it is driven. It is formed
with a clutch on each side of it and when moved in one direction it comes against
corresponding clutch on one of the loose toothed wheels and drives it and similarly
when driven in the opposite direction it drives the other loose toothed wheel.
a
The band wheel might be driven direct by the endless band herein before mentioned
but preferably I cause this band to drive one of a pair of band pulleys carried by a
swinging frame and drive the band wheel by a band from the other. Both bands I
keep tight by mounting the pair of pulleys in a telescopic swinging frame. A spring
in the telescopic frame drawing the pulleys in one direction to keep one hand tight
and a spring bearing against the frame keeping the other band tight.
Dated this 9th day of November 1886.
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus for Lighting Railway Carriages and
Tram Cars by Electricity.
I, CORNELIUS SMITH, of 10 Church Road, De Beauvoir Town, in the County of
Middlesex, Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The improvements relate to apparatus in which a dynamo is driven from one of the
axles of a carriage and the current passed into a secondary battery or accumulator
from which the lamps are worked.
In order that the guard or attendant may be able readily to disconnect the gear by
which the dynamo is driven from the axle so as to put the dynamo out of action
whenever the accumulator is fully charged or whenever the train is ascending a steep
gradient I arrange the-driving gear in the following manner.
A pulley made in two halves is bolted on to the axle. Against the upper part of
the circumference of this pulley is forced a wheel which is preferably surrounded
with a rubber tyre. The wheel is carried by a horizontal lever arm at an intermediate
point of its length.
.
At one end the lever turns loosely on an axis whilst the other end is forced down-
wards by a coiled spring. In this way the wheel is kept always in contact with the
pulley and yet leaves the carriage springs free to play.
The circumference of the rubber tyred wheel is also kept in contact with the
circumference of a wheel fixed upon the axis which forms the fulcrum of the lever the
bearings of the rubber tyred wheel are for this purpose made adjustable. On this axis
is a band wheel driving an endless band.
The coiled spring by which the lever is forced downwards is placed around à vertical
tube which passes through a hole in the lever and forms a guide for it. The coiled
spring bears against the lever and against a collar on the tube. A vertical rod passes
downwards through the tube and at its lower end has a collar upon it to come against
the underside of the lever so that by raising the rod the lever may be raised and the
rubber tyred wheel lifted out of contact with the pulley on the axle. The rubber
tyred wheel is made broader than this pulley so that slight end way play of the axle
shall not shift the pulley out of contact with it. The rod may be lifted by turning a
hand wheel and nut which screws on to a screw thread on the rod.
In order that the dynamo when in action may always be driven in the same
direction whichever way the train is moving the endless band above mentioned is not
arranged to drive the dynamo direct but the dynamo is driven by an endless band
from a band wheel on an axis on which are fixed two toothed wheels-parallel with
this axis is another axis on which are two loose toothed wheels-one of these gears
with one of the fixed toothed wheels and the other with an intermediate wheel in gear
with the second fixed wheel.

page_text: Mounted on the second mentioned axis is a hand wheel situated between the two loose
toothed wheels. The band wheel turns on a screw thread cut on the axis so that when
revolved it travels endwise along the axis for a short distance either in one direction
or the other according to the direction in which it is driven. It is formed with a
clutch on each side of it and when moved in one direction it comes against a
corresponding clutch on one of the loose toothed wheels and drives it and similarly
when driven in the opposite direction it drives the other loose toothed wheel.
The above arrangement may be modified by making the two loose wheels as band
wheels and driving the dynamo from them by endless bands one crossed the other
not crossed so whichever wheel is being driven the dynamo will always be revolved
in the same direction.
The band wheel might be driven direct by the endless band herein before
mentioned but preferably I cause this band to drive one of a pair of band pulleys
carried by a swinging frame and drive the band wheel by a band from the other.
Both bands I keep tight by mounting the pair of pulleys in a telescopic swinging
frame. A spring in the telescopic frame drawing the pulleys in one direction to
keep one band tight and a spring bearing against the frame keeping the other band
tight.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of apparatus arranged as above described and adapted
for lighting a railway train.
68
A is one of the running wheels say for example one of the wheels of the guards
van B is its axle on to which is secured the pulley C-D is another pulley the axis
of which is carried in bearings on the underside of the carriage-E is a lever frame
which can rock on the axis of this pulley-F is a pulley carried in bearings by the
frame the bearings are adjustable so that as shown they can be set towards or from
the pulley D by screws to allow of its circumference which is surrounded with
vulcanized india rubber being forced against the circumference of the pulley D-G is
a swivelling block carried by the lever as is best seen in Figure 2 which shows
separately a plan view" of the above mentioned parts-H is a guide tube projecting
downwards from the underside of the carriage and passing through a hole formed
through the block as better seen in Figure 3-1 is a coiled spring surrounding the
tube its upper end bears against a collar on the tube and its lower end against the
top of the block G-K is a rod passing downwards through the tube H-L is a collar
secured to the lower end of the rod by a screw nut as shown or in other convenient
way M is a hand wheel by turning which the rod can be raised or lowered so as to
raise or lower the block G together with the end of the lever which carries it and
either lift the pulley F away from the pulley C fixed on the axle of the wheel A or
allow it to be pressed downwards by the spring I to force the pulley F against the
pulley C-N is a band pulley on the axis of the pulley D from it an endless band
passes to a band pulley O the axis of which is carried by a frame which can swing
on an axis P on the underside of the carriage as shown at Figure 1 and separately on
a larger scale in plan at Figure 4. As shown in this latter figure the frame is made
telescopic in two parts which are drawn together by springs so as to keep the
driving band always taut. Q is a band pulley also fixed on the same axis with O and
from it an endless band passes to the driving apparatus by which the dynamo is
always driven in one direction. Q¹ is a spring bearing downwards against the
swinging frame to keep the endless band always taut. One construction of the
apparatus from which the dynamo is driven is shown in Figure 1 and in side and end
view on a larger scale at Figures 5 and 6.
The endless band from the band pulley Q passes around a band pulley R the boss of
which is a nut which screws on to a screw thread cut on an axis S-this axis has
loose upon it two toothed wheels T, U one on one side of it and the other
on the opposite side and the end faces of the pulley R and the faces of
the wheels T, U which are opposite to them are as shown at Figure 5
formed as clutches so that when the pulley R is revolved in one direction it
comes against and clutches with the wheel T and thereby causes it to revolve and
similarly when the pulley R is revolved in the opposite direction and comes against

page_text: the wheel U it clutches with and drives this wheel. V is an axis parallel with the
axis Son it are two toothed wheels W, X, one W gearing directly with the wheel T
and the other gearing with an intermediate wheel Y which is in gear with the wheel U
-Z is a band wheel fast on the axis V from which an endless band passes to and
drives a band wheel on the axis of a dynamo electrical machine as shown in
Figure 1.
In the modification shown at Figures 7 and 8 the band pulley R has on either side
of it two band wheels T, U, from one of which an uncrossed band drives a band wheel
on one end of the axis of the dynamo and the other by a crossed band drives a band
pulley on the other end of the axis of the dynamo so that as in the arrangement at
Figures 5 and 6 the dynamo is always driven in the same direction. The advantage
of this arrangement over the one shewn at Figures 1 to 6 is that all toothed gearing
is done away with so that the apparatus will work silently. As will be seen by the
drawing it is unnecessary for the band pulley to be formed as a nut to screw on to
a screw thread on the spindle S. The inclined surfaces of the clutch faces take the
place of the screw thread.
The dynamo may be made to pass the whole of the current into secondary batteries
or it may pass its current direct to the lamps a secondary battery placed in a shunt
circuit receiving a proportionate part of the current sufficient to maintain the lamps
during such periods as the train is at a standstill an automatic cut out in either
case being placed in the circuit and breaking it when the speed of the armature
becomes too low to be effective.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The construction of apparatus substantially as heroin before described for lighting
railway carriages and tram cars by electricity.
2. The apparatus substantially as described and illustrated at Figures 5 and 6 for
ensuring that the dynamo shall always be driven in the same direction-also the
modification of the apparatus shewn at Figures 7 and 8.
3. The apparatus substantially as described and illustrated at Figures 1, 2 and 3 for
giving motion to an endless driving belt from one of the axles of a carriage.
Dated this 9th day of August 1887.
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.