An Improved Furnace and Boiler for Heating Apparatus.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Feb., 1896
Complete Specification Left. 13th Nov., 1896-Accepted. 24th Dec.. 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Furnace and Boiler for Heating Apparatus.
CHARLES ERNEST ALGER Laughton House Palmyra Place Newport, Mon.
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This furnace & boiler is designed with the object of reducing or cutting off the
heat from any section of a heating apparatus. At the same time proportionately
reducing the consumption of fuel. In ordinary heating systems this is done by
means of a valve without reducing the consumption thus causing waste. In that
system known as Perkins' in which the pressure of the water inside the pipes is
raised by stopping all the outlets by means of caps, there being a special expansion
pipe fixed by which the pressure is regulated, or in place of this expansion pipe a
valve in a cistern which may be regulated to let the water escape at any pressure
determined upon, & also to suck it back when cooling.
These pipes are commonly " or " internal diameter, but I propose to apply the
furnace & boiler arrangement to this system, in any form or size of pipes & to any
form of beating apparatus whether for heating building or otherwise, when an
expansion tube is used to regulate the pressure it is impossible to cut off any large
part of an apparatus by means of a valve, owing to the fact, that the proportion of
heating surface of the boiler, the radiating surface of the pipes used for heating,
& the space provided for the expansion of the water in the tube, would be
disturbed.
The heating surface of the boiler becoming very largely in excess of what it
should be thereby causing increased pressure on the apparatus which would in a
very short time burst it. If absolutely essential a second furnace is used which is
neither desirable or economical. I propose to obviate this by arranging the
furnace the boiler in such a way that the heat of the furnace can be cut off
almost entirely from any section of the apparatus, & at the same time the area of
the fire bars through which the draught is passing will be reduced so that the
consumption of fuel will be proportionately lessened. I do this in the following
manner.
The boiler will be formed of pipes in as many sections as it is desired to divide
the apparatus, the fire bars being a part of the same. These sections will be fixed
in a furnace of which the ashpit will also be divided into a similar number of
sections, all running from front to back, each section having a separate door. The
flue will also be divided into the same number of sections, each regulated by a
damper. These 3 parts the ashpit, boiler, & flue, will be so arranged that when
it is desired to cut off a section of the apparatus, the ashpit door connected with
the particular section of the boiler will be closed, also the damper of the
corresponding flue. The result being that combustion is practicably stopped on
the particular section of the fire bars, no air passing through also the heat is drawn
by the flues, away from the upper part of the same section of the boiler. The
other sections of the boiler being at the same time heated by the fire. In order to
render the stoking more easy enabling the stoker to keep the fuel off that portion
of the fire bars connected with the section, it is desired not to heat; the fire bars
are formed with hollows & ridges so that the fuel can be more easily thrown into
the sections it is desired to heat.
Dated this 12th day of February 1896.

page_text: An Improved Furnace and Boiler for Heating Apparatus.
CHARLES ERNEST ALGER Laughton House Palmyra Place Newport Mon.
Engineer (in Firm of R. Alger & Sons Newport) do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This furnace & boiler is designed with the object of regulating or cutting off
heat from any section of a heating apparatus, & at the same time automatically
reduce the consumption of fuel, making it definitely proportional to the amount of
heat given off by the apparatus.
In ordinary heating systems this is done by a valve placed on the boiler or at
the place where the section of pipes desired to be controlled is fixed this being cut
off it will not be necessary to supply so much heat to the boiler. The damper
should therefore be closed somewhat & reduce the draught, or supply of oxygen
to produce combustion to the fire.
If the valve is not in the boiler house this would necessitate a journey to it, &
when it is, this precaution, from carelessness is rarely if ever taken.
My apparatus does this as before said automatically thus saving a considerable
amount of fuel. In that form of apparatus or those analogous to it described in
my Specification No. 11370 the application being dated 12th of June 1894, page 3
lines 3 to 21 to which my invention is especially applicable; it is impossible to cut
off any section of the apparatus other than what would be relatively to the whole
a very minute proportion owing to the fact that by so doing the relation between
the heating surface of the boiler, the radiating surface of the pipes used for heating
and the space provided for the increase of volume of the water, due to the heating
in the expansion tube would be disturbed the heating surface of the boiler becoming
in excess of what it should be relatively to the decreased amount of radiating
surface in operation in the apparatus thus the pressure would be increased beyond
the proper limits & an explosion would be most probably caused.
If it is absolutely necessary to do this in this form of apparatus a 2nd furnace is
employed. This is not ecomical and it is inconvenient. In my apparatus the
draught is automatically regulated by the shutting off of the section of the
apparatus as herein after described.
Having generally described the nature & advantages of my invention I now
proceed to explain particularly the manner in which my objects are accomplished.
In applying my invention to the ordinary heating apparatus for hot water or steam
and the high pressure system referred to in my specification of 1894 the method is
slightly different because it will be found to be necessary in the high pressure
apparatus to have a distinct and separate boiler (this boiler being formed of coiled
tubes) for each section it is desired to control, no valves being used in the pipes.
themselves to divert the water athough they are placed as though they were one
in the furnace. It is therefore necessary not only to cut off the draught from the
fire bars but also to direct the flames from the section it is desired to cut off.
This is not necessary with the low pressure water or steam boilers there being
only one boiler to supply the whole of the section the heating being diverted from
the section to be controlled entirely by the valve.
Sheet 1 is an illustration of a boiler before referred to in the high pressure
system.
Figure 2 being a front elevation.
Fig. 1 a vertical section parralel with the front.
Fig. 3 Sheet 2 is a vertical section at right angles with the front.

page_text: It will be noticed that after the flames leave the furnace by the exit D Fig. 3 they
are divided & go through the 3 flues shewn E. F. G. Fig. 1. each of which is
controlled by its own damper H. I. J. Fig. 2.
The pipes in the furnace & flue are divided into 3 sections K. L. M. Fig. 1.
shewn by the dotted lines each section being separate and distinct & in no way
connected with each other. It will thus be seen that when the damper is closed
stopping the flue G. & also the corresponding ashpit section door C. combustion
ceases on that section of the bars the fire going out & also the flames from the
sections K& L. are drawn away from the section M by the flues E. & F. The
dampers & corresponding ashpit door may be connected by a flexible cord or
chain over a pulley or not as desired.
In order to facilitate the stoking when it is not desired to fire any particular
section the fire bars are arranged in an up and down fashion Fig. 1. the fuel thus
more readily falling into its proper place. The arrangement for a low pressure
hot water or steam apparatus is almost identical the only difference being that
instead of having a separate damper for each section, I have a valve the turning
of which opens or closes the ashpit doors by means of a flexible cord or chain.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion & in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. That the arrangement by which the ashpit is divided into 2 or more sections
for the purpose of reducing the area of the fire bars to which the air is supplied
& thus reducing the consumption.
II. The same arrangement in connection with corresponding flues to divert the
fire from a particular section of the boiler as before described.
Dated this 12th day of November 1896.
CHARLES ERNEST ALGER.