IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE TEMPERATURE OF MANUFACTORIES, CON
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Wright Jones, of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE TEMPERATURE OF MANUFACTORIES, CON-
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Wright Jones at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th October 1873.
I, WRIGHT JONES; of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
“IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE TEMPERATURE OF MANU-
FACTORIES, CONSERVATORIES, AND OTHER APARTMENTS OR BUILDINGS," to be as
follows:-
My Invention relates to a method of availing myself of the expansion
and contraction of a bar or bars of metal by varying temperatures for
the purpose of opening or closing valves or other such apparatus to

page_text: diminish or increase the flow of steam or other source of heat, or to shut
off or give access to external atmosphere.
The apparatus I propose to employ consists of a tube or tubes of metal
(I at present employ three), placed at one end against an adjustable stop
piece, and at the other connected to a lever turning upon a centre, and
carrying at its other end a rod extending from a valve in a casing of the
steam or hot water pipe. The varying temperature causes the tubes to
expand or contract, and close or open the pipe. I form the rod which
connects the valve to the aforesaid lever with an intervening part of
wood or other non-conducting material.
The valve above mentioned may represent a ventilator of
construction.
any ordinary
I prefer forming the aforesaid tubes of zinc or copper, and I furnish
them with side perforations for the passage of air, whereby they become
MASA
consitive to ramiations of tamnomotuno
HO VIGUO 1ce o
the 10th April 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WRIGHT
JONES, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, send :
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of October, One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Wright Jones, Her special license that I, the said Wright Jones,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Wright Jones, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention

page_text: for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE TEMPERATURE OF Manu-
FACTORIES, CONSERVATORIES, AND OTHER APARTMENTS OR BUILDINGS," upon the
condition, amongst others, that I, the said Wright Jones, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and scal, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great.
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Wright Jones, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (and accompanying Drawings), that is to say :-
My Invention consists in a construction and arrangement of apparatus
acting upon the known principle of the expansion, and contraction of
metals for regulating the temperature of manufactories, conservatories,
and other apartments or buildings.
In the accompanying Drawing Figs. 1 and 2 represent the apparatus
in face view and cross section.
At a is a board, upon which are screwed a series of eyes b, through
which there passes a metal tube c, one end thereof being provided with
a solid part, upon which is formed a screw d, capable of being secured
to a fixed stud e by locking nuts f, g. The other end of the tube c has a
solid part, to which is attached a piece of wood or other con-conducting
material h, which carries a rod i passing through a stuffing box k, and
carrying an ordinary mushroom or other valve m, situate within a
casing 7, which is in communication with two pipes n, o, as seen in the
detached sectional view, Fig. 3. The pipe n is the inlet of the source
of heat which I will now assume to be steam, and the pipe o leads to the
place to be warmed, it being in communication with the ordinary pipes
of a mill or other building. According to the positions of the parts
shewn the valve m is partly open, and steam is passing into the pipe o
according to the arrow.
The apparatus above described is fixed in any convenient situation in
the apartment which is to be heated, and the communication between
the pipe o and the ordinary heating pipes made in suitable manner.
Suppose the temperature to fall below that which is desired then the

page_text: tube C will contract, and being held fast at e, will draw forward the
valve m, and allow an extra quantity of steam to pass into the pipe o.
On the other hand if the temperature rises above the desired point then
the tube c by increasing in length will close or partically close tho
valve m.
In adjusting the apparatus for a desired temperature I find it con-
venient to adopt the following plan:-The tightening nuts f, g, are
lossened, and the rod c drawn back so as to open the valve m to allow
the apartment to be heated, and when it has been ascertained by an
ordinary thermometer that the desired temperature has been attained
the rod c is slidden forward so as to close the valve m, and the nuts ƒ, 9,
are tightened. The temperature will now shortly begin to fall, but at
the same time the rod c will contract, and by opening the valve m will
allow steam to pass. At each end of the pipe c I form perforations p, q,
to admit a current of air through the tube c, and it is thus rendered
more sensitive to variations of temperature.
Fig. 4 represents a floor of a cotton mill, and shews the method I
prefer in adapting my Invention to the heating steam pipes », 8. .
According to the usual arrangement the pipes r, s, are connected to the
stand pipe t, but I prefer to close them with blank flanges, and to carry
a pipe u from that shewn at t to a distance of about a third into the
apartment. This pipe u is the same as that shewn at n, Fig. 1, and the
other pipe o of the said Fig. 1 is formed as a T, communicating at each
end with the sides pipes r, 8.
At c is the before described tube, acting
by expansion and contraction, as already explained. By these means
the steam is equally distributed, and the tube c is submitted to the
general temperature of the room. Atv is the pipe for conveying water
of condensation, but it will generally be found that the usual trap is not
necessary.
At
Fig. 5 shews how my Invention may be applied so as to increase the
space through which the expansion and contraction take place.
w is a fixed point, from which there extends a tube x similar to that
described at c in Fig. 1, and connected at one end to a lever y, capable
of turning upon a centre z. To the other arm of this lever is connected
the tube c of Fig. 1, provided in like manner with a rod, which carries
the valve of the case 1. Suppose the tube x to contract the lever y will
turn into the position shewn by the dotted line, and will draw with it

page_text: the tube c and valve connected thereto, but at the same time the tube c
will itself contract, and the space through which it does so will be added
to that imparted by the turning of the lever y.
.
•
I have above spoken of the pipe o as conveying steam, but it will be.
obvious that the heating medium may be water or hot air, or if the
apartment be heated by separate means the expanding and contracting.
tube may be used to let cold air in or shut it out. More appropriate
means however for these purposes may be employed, and of which I
shall give examples.
In some cases gas is used to warm conservatories and other buildings,
either directly or through the medium of hot water or steam. In such
cases the main for the gas may be the pipe n, and the valve m will then
turn down or up the gas burners, but unless a master light be employed
care should be taken to prevent the valve from entirely shutting off the
supply.
Fig. 6 shews a method of applying my Invention to hot water pipes..
At 1 is a portion of the pipe, in which there is an ordinary throttle
valve 2, the spindle of which carries a lever 3, connected at its other end
to a chain 4, passing over a pulley 5, after which it is attached to a
lever 6 turning upon a centre 7. To this lever is connected a rod i,
which is the same as that shewn at Fig. 1. The expansion or contraction
of the tube c will therefore turn the valve 2 in the one direction or the
other, and check or facilitate the circulation of the hot water.
Figs. 7, 8, shew an arrangement which may be employed when air is
the heating medium. In this case the rod i moves upward or downward
the sliding part of an ordinary gridiron valve 8, through which the hot
air passes, and this arrangement may be employed for regulating the
admission of cold air to reduce the temperature, but it will be evident
that many ordinary arrangements of valves and mechanical appliances
to communicate motion from the tube c may be employed. In cotton
mills and similar buildings the fixed abutment e may be on one of the
ordinary columns, in which case the board a will not be necessary,
and generally it may be dispensed with; it is however a convenient
method of making the apparatus complete in itself.
The above description has referred to one tube c only, but a bundle of
such tubes may be combined. Fig. 9 shews three secured at their ends
to solid parts, and any other number may in like manner be used. The

page_text: eye pieces 6 do not exactly fit the tube, but are large. enough to admit of
a little play.
With regard to the dimensions of the tube it may vary according to
circumstances, but I may state that in practice I have found that for a
room of a cotton mill a tube of ten-gauge zinc, six feet long and three- 5
quarters of an inch in diameter, will answer the purpose.
The metal of which the tube is composed should of course possess
a considerable expansive property. I have found zinc to answer the
purpose, but copper or other metals may be employed.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said 1
Invention, and the manner in which is to be performed, I desire it
to be understood that I do not claim the principle of applying the
expansion and contraction of metals for the purpose of regulating
temperatures, that as I am aware being already known, but I claim as
secured to me under the above in part recited Letters Patent, and for 1
the purposes above set forth, the use of the tube or tubes c constructed
and arranged substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Wright Jones, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Ninth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
WDICIM TONDO
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