Improvements in Turbines or Hydraulic Motive Power Engines.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 21st May, 1899-Accepted. 22nd June. 1339
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Turbines or Hydraulic Motive Power Engines.
I, ANGILBERT VALERY Comte de Vismes of La Colliné, Nyons Canton of Vaud
in the Republic of Switzerland, Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention relating to turbines or hydraulic motive power engines has for its
object simplicity and strength of construction facility of working and keeping in order
combined with silent action and means for quickly and completely discharging the
water which has been used. The distribution or controlling mechanism admits of
delicate adjustment and is situated externally to the supply passage or conduit. These
and other advantages combine to render the apparatus, constructed and operating as
hereinafter described, highly efficient and economical in working.
This improved turbine, being more particularly intended for situations where the
fall is considerable but the quantity of water at command is relatively small, is
provided with a wheel of small diameter so that the total dimensions of the engine
are reduced and the installation rendered more easy. Under these conditions moreover
the turbine or engine being worked at a high speed is capable of being directly
connected to machinery or shafting requiring to rotate with great rapidity.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood 1 shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to the several
figures on the annexed sheet of drawings the same letters of reference indicating
corresponding parts in both the figures.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents in vertical section a turbine or
hydraulic motive power engine constructed according to my invention.
Figure 2 represents the turbine likewise in section the section being taken at right
angles to the section in Figure 1.
This turbine consists of three main parts namely a wheel A a casing B and a
supply passage or distributor C.
The wheel A is composed of a solid disc of inconsiderable thickness provided at
its circumference with a series of spoon shaped vanes or pallets a arranged at a
suitable distance apart to enable the water to act therein with the best effect or so as
to utilise the propelling power of the latter to the utmost. The pallets are connected
radially by a tapering web a¹ which presents a sharp edge to the stream of water
leaving the sides and interior of the wheel perfectly free or open.
These pallets present at the exterior a straight part somewhat wider than the
outlet orifice. The two sides of each pallet are rounded in the form of semicircles..
The curves for these pallets may be ascertained by any geometric or other process
usually employed in designing turbines.
The casing B which also acts as a support is made in two parts bolted together,
the upper part being provided with a rectangular opening arranged for the intro-
duction of the distributor or supply passage C hereinbefore referred to which is
secured in position by means of four bolts so that it can be readily removed and.
examined internally when required.
Two discs or plates 6' 2 attached to the casing B enclose the wheel on both sides.
These plates facilitate the discharge of the water and greatly contribute to the silent
action of the engine. An annular opening is formed between the discs or plates b' b²
for the passage of the working part of the wheel and the said discs or plates are.
secured in position in the casing B by means of pins Figure 2 being provided
with tubular parts m m¹ passing through the sides of the casing and of sufficient
ength to afford a proper bearing for the shaft D. This shaft which carries the wheel A
s made with both ends alike so that a driving pulley P can be placed on either or
both ends as most convenient.

page_text: The shaft rotates in bearings or brasses d d¹ which by means of screws c c²
engaging with the tubular parts m m¹ can be adjusted so as to retain the shaft in
the proper position for the wheel to work truly in the centre of the space between
the two discs or plates b². A suitable adjustment of the brasses to compensate for
wear is obtained by means of keys e e¹ which are locked or retained in position by set
screws ff carrying the lubricators.
The inlet pipe for the water is placed at the side of the turbine. The sluice valve is
bolted directly to the flange of the distribution or supply passage which descends
vertically from this point being gradually contracted so as to present at the outlet an
opening of rectangular form corresponding to the jet of water acting on the wheel.
There is no mechanism in the supply passage to obstruct the flow of the water
which is delivered tangentially and acts on the vanes or pallets a throughout their
entire depth. The water passes away with great facility at the sides and at the interior
of the wheel. It will be observed that to the contrary of the usual arrangement there
is only one injection or admission of water flowing from the exterior to the interior.
Moreover the parts E and E' (Figure 1) situated above and below the opening
respectively are curved so as to fit closely to the vanes or pallets a and air being thus
excluded from the part where the water strikes the pallets the motor is rendered
noiseless in its action.
The working of the turbine is controlled or regulated by means of a brass flap or
hinged valve operated by a strongly constructed combination of levers or toggles
the action of which will be readily understood by referring to Figure 1 of the
accompanying drawings. A lever or toggle g is connected at one end to the lower
or free end of the valve F by a joint g' and at the other end by a joint k to a similar
lever or toggle capable of oscillating on a stationary pin . These toggles are
connected at k by a link to a rod G sliding vertically through a suitable stuffing box
and provided with a screw enabling the rod to be operated from the exterior by means
of a hand wheel or nut V.
The toggles hg when operated by turning the wheel V cause the valve F to move
towards or away from the wheel and thus diminish or increase the thickness of the
propelling vein of water in proportion to the power required.
The distribution chamber is closed in by a plate or cover P firmly bolted down and
effectually preventing leakage. This arrangement of levers admits of a very accurate
adjustment and can be employed with great advantage especially when great regularity
of speed is required and when it is necessary to employ an automatic speed regulator
or governor which in this case being fixed on a bearing surface R. Figure 1 is caused
to act upon the rod G herein before described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a turbine or hydraulic motive power engine the arrangement of the wheel A
with pallets or vanes a and tapering web a in combination with the discs or
plates 6¹² partially enclosing the said pallets or vanes in the manner and for the
purpose substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying
drawing.
2. In a turbine or hydraulic motive power engine the arrangement of the wheel A
in combination with the distributor C consisting of a valve F operated by levers g
and controlled by a screwed rod G and arranged in the manner and for the purpose
substantially as herein before described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
3. In a turbine or hydraulic motive power engine the general arrangement and
combination of parts comprising a wheel A or casing B and a distributer C each of the
said parts being operated and all acting together in the manner and for the purpose
substantially as herein before described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 21st day of May 1889.
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
Agents.