Improvements in and connected with Plastic Pipe Making Machinery.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd July, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Apr., 1895-Accepted, 18th May, 18°5
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Plastic Pipe Making
Machinery.
1, AMELIA NOEL, of 1 Romilly Road, Cardiff, South Wales, Gentlewoman, do
hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to certain detail improvements in and connected with
plastic pipe making machinery, the object being to reduce the amount of pressure
required for forming the socket ends of sanitary pipes, which is effected by causing
the socketting ring to remain stationary during the pressure whilst either the clay
expressing barrel, or the die, or the throat only of the die is forced downwards
towards the socketting ring, or inwards if the throat portion of the die be made in
sections.
In some cases the whole of the machine or apparatus above the stationary
socketting ring may be forced down to press the sockets.
The advantage of this method of pressing is that the sockets can be formed with
much less pressure than by forcing the socketting ring upward against the clay
within the die, the pressure being applied to only that portion of the socket which
needs compressing, whereas by the method of movable ring pressure, the throat
clay in the die is also compressed injuriously.
A further improvement consists in making the core shaft hollow or tubular and
fitting another and independent shaft within it, the bottom end being provided
with a cutter which when rotated is forced outwards and around under the core
thus severing the clay for a desired length of pipe.
The advantage of this improvement is (in the case of revolving or pug pipe
making machines), the absence of friction and wear and tear of the nut which
supports the core on the lower end of the core shaft, as it would not be required
to revolve as is the case where the cutter is affixed to the nut on the revolving
core shaft carrying the screw knives.
1004
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for Amelia Noel.
Improvements in and connected with Plastic Pipe Making
Machinery.
I, AMELIA NOEL, of 1 Romilly Road, Cardiff, South Wales, Gentlewoman
do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to certain detail improvements in and connected with
plastic pipe making machinery, the object being to reduce the amount of pressure
required for forming the socket ends of sanitary pipes, which is effected by causing
the socketting ring to remain stationary during the pressure, whilst either the
clay expressing barrel, or the die, or the throat only of the die is forced downwards
[D077

page_text: towards the socketting ring, or circumferentially inwards if the throat portion of
the die be made in sections.
In some cases the whole of the machine or apparatus above the stationary
socketting ring may be forced down to press the sockets.
The advantage of this method of pressing is that the sockets can be formed with
much less pressure than by forcing the socketting ring upward against the clay
within the die, the pressure being applied to only that portion of the socket which
needs compressing whereas by the method of movable ring pressure the throat clay
in the die is also compressed injuriously.
A further improvement, in case of pug machines consists in making the
expressing shaft hollow or tubular and fitting another and independent shaft within
it for supporting the core piece, and again within this another rod the lower end
being provided with a cutter which when rotated is forced outwards and around
under the core, thus severing the clay for a desired length of pipe.
The advantage of this improvement is (in the case of revolving or pug pipe making
machines), the absence of friction and wear and tear of the nut which supports the
core on the lower end of the shaft, as it would not be required to revolve, as is the
case where the nut support is affixed to the revolving expressing shaft carrying
the pug knives.
The following briefly identifies the particular features of the invention which is
based upon a previous British Patent No. 22265 of the year 1892.
1. The use of a pressure acting downwards on the socket being formed or i
other words the pressure will be in the same direction as the flow of clay from the
machine.
2. The use of a side pressure to these kind of socket forming dies that are
in halves and open and close for reception and release of the socket forming
ring.
3. The adoption of a hollow tubular shaft or core suspending rod and through
which a rotating rod having a cutter at its end near the die effects the cutting off
of the pipe to its length.
4. The socket pressing device only refers to machines the socket rings of which
are not movable during the formation of the socket portion of the pipe but
may be any kind of following tables and means for securing socket ring in
position.
5. The cutting off devices would be applicable to any type of pipe making
machine.
6. The pressure at the socket forming can be produced in cases of down pressure
either by the downward movement of the whole die or a portion thereof or by the
downward movement of the clay barrel and its die together or by a downward
movement of the whole upper part of the machine viz. die clay barrel and its
motion producing parts simultaneously in a direction towards the socket forming
ring, whilst the machine is in motion and expressing.
In cases of slide dies the pressure is got by opening and closing slightly the
half portions whilst the machine is in motion and expressing.
Figure 1 of the annexed drawings shows an arrangement of socket pipe making
machine of the direct pressing cylinder type.
Figure 2 is a sectional plan on line ab of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is an elevation of the machine known as the socketted slide type.
Figure 4 is a part sectional elevation on a larger scale showing the method of
cutting off the pipe,
Figures 5 and 6 being under sectional plaus showing the respective positions of
the knife.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, it will be seen that the whole of the upper
portion of the machine is secured to a spring beam A. The die B is of the solid
kind, and the following table C with the usual socket ring is secured upon it u
position.

page_text: When the machine is started, and whilst the socket is being filled, the lever D
is forced down and actuates the cam levers E E by the levers F G G, the cam
levers bear upon brackets H H thereby forcing down the whole machine towards
the following table. The spring beams A yield to the pressure and again return to
their normal position when the levers are released.
The lever D may be actuated as many times as found desirable.
The preceding description only refers to one mode of actuating the machine but
other methods may obviously be adopted, the object being to obtain a downward
pressure of the die towards a stationary socket ring to produce pressure for the
formation of sockets.
Figure 3 shows an arrangement of the type known as socketting slide dies; the
mode of working is as follows:-The socket ring placed in position, then both
halves of the die B are closed thus securing the socket ring at the upper part of
the flange J and therefore secure. The slide dies may however be worked as solid
dies; e. the socket rings may be supported by similar means to solid dies, and
the half slide dies only used for procuring a pressure on the clay in the socket.
The machine is then started and the clay forced into this portion of the die
simply by the same pressure used for expressing the remaining portion of the pipe,
and when filled the die halves B are opened and the remaining portion of the pipe
expressed in the usual way.
Now in order to produce an increased pressure at the socket, I cause the halves
of the die B to slightly open and close, as many times as found desirable, during
the filling process, thereby effecting a pressure of greater intensity at that part
than by the usual method.
The necessary pressure can be obtained by the arrangement of levers shown in
which a double headed lever K is placed midway between the rocking levers L L,
so that when the lies B are closed, the centres of all the levers are in one line or
nearly so, and when forming the socket by actuating the lever D a pressure is
produced at the die halves.
M is a multiple following table, as described in my previous Patent No. 22265
of 1892, but the pressing gear may be used without the multiple table, and the
pressing obtained by any type of gear to effect a movement of the slide dies.
The machine shown in Figure 3 is that of a steam press type but the foregoing
described improvements are applicable to either such direct pressure machines or
to the revolving or pug type machine, the object being the opening and closing of
slide dies whilst filling to produce a pressing up of the clay.
Figure 4 shows the arrangement of hollow core suspending rod N in the case of
direct pressure machines, or shaft in the case of revolving or pug machines. In
the former case, a rod P' is passed through the hollow rod N and has at its lower
end a cutter knife Q which whilst the pipe is being made is within the internal
radius of the pipe as shown in Figure 5, but when the pipe is made and it is
desired to cut it off, the rod P is rotated to revolve the cutter Q and extend its
radius as at Figure 6 to sever the pipe; after which the rod P is reversed and the
cutter assumes its former position.
Referring to Figure 6 this is effected by giving a sharp turn to the shaft P in
the direction of the arrow to cause the knife Q to assume an approximate position
towards having centre of its point, its pivotal pin T and centre of the shaft P in
one line; but owing to the clay of the surrounding pipe meeting the point, it only
goes out as far as shown, the resistance of the clay doing the rest, until the clay
of the pipe is severed, when by a sharp reversed action in the direction of the
arrow, Figure 5 will cause the knife to assume a position agreeing with a tangent
to the central shaft.
A small toothed segment can be fitted on the shaft between the plates, and the
knife at its back part be fitted with similar teeth so that by the same sharp action of
the shaft the knife could be actuated.
The shaft may be rotated by the toothed wheel U, or by other mechanical

page_text: means, and it can also be applied to the types shown in the other figures of the
drawings.
In the case of revolving pug machines, the shaft N revolves and has at its lower
end a nut or cotter R for the purpose of supporting the core S and this nut has to
revolve so that considerable frictional wear occurs. To obviate this wear and at
the same time to adopt the cutting off device, a tube carrying the clay knives, as
shown in dotted lines Figure 4, encircles the pipe N which carries and supports
the core S, so that the knives can be operated without revolving the nut R.
The object of this portion of my invention is to obviate friction at the cores of
revolving or pug machines, and effect a rapid and simple means of cutting off the
pipes to length when made.
Hand, steam, mechanical, or other suitable power may be employed for operating
the machine and its functional parts.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
In plastic pipe making machinery
1. The use of a pressure acting downwards on the socket being formed, said
pressure being in the same direction as the flow of clay from the machine, as set
forth.
2. Side pressure appliances to socket forming dies that are in halves and open
and close for reception and release of the socket forming ring, as hereinbefore
described and substantially as represented.
3. The combination of a hollow tubular shaft or core suspending rod with a
rotating rod, having a cutter at its end near the die for cutting the pipe to its
length, as explained and shown.
4. In pug kuife machines, the employment of a tube or sleeve for carrying the
clay knives and encircling the core supporting shaft, so that said knives are
operated without revolving the nut which supports the core, substantially in the
manner described and shown.
Dated this 2nd day of Auril 1895
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for Amelia Noel.