WHY Open Work Metallic Goods, by Electrometallurgy.
Year: 1885

page_text: WHY
Open Work Metallic Goods, by Electrometallurgy.
I JOHN JAMES CALLOW of 56 Beach Street Cleveland in the State of Ohio
United States of America, Manufacturer of Perforated Metallic graining tools, do
hereby declare the nature of the said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD
OF MANUFACTURING STENCIL PLATES FOR GRAINING AND OTHER PURPOSES, AND
OTHER PERFORATED OR OPEN WORK METALLIC GOODS BY ELECTROMETALLURGY, to
be as follows:-
Heretofore, perforations in sheet metal such as those in stencil-plates have
usually been produced by cutting out certain parts of the sheet metal by means of
dies, punches, presses &c: which is a laborious and expensive process.
The object of my invention is to obviate this difficulty and to produce by electro-
metallurgy perforated and other open-work metal goods, such as stencil-plates, used
for graining, frescoing, lace-making, furniture decoration or other ornamental or
printing purposes and for the general manufacture of fancy and useful metallic
goods used in the arts and manufactures, the metal work of church and other
similar windows, flowers, ferns, bird cages, tablets, scrolls, picture frames, signs,
show plates, buhl or inlaid work for furniture decoration, fire screens, window or
safe screens, mantel ornament work, bookbinders uses, blocks for calico and other
printing blocks or types and for other purposes too numerous to mention.
In carrying out my Invention I take a sheet of material which is a nonconductor
of electricity (such as glass, porcelain or porcelain coated metal, preferring sheet
glass for my purpose) in the surface of which I produce an intaglio counterpart or
mould corresponding in design to the pattern, and in depth to about the thickness,
of the metal plate to be produced. This intaglio I form by etching with hydro-
fluoric acid, sand-blasting, or both, or by any other suitable means, such as printing
or painting the surface to form the intaglio pattern but prefer glass etched. If the
glass be etched to form the intaglio, I go over the said etching a second time with
the sand-blast or other grinding process, so as to granulate or roughen the acid-
etched surface in order to adapt it to hold the bronze powder, plumbago or other
superficial conductive coating which I afterwards apply thereto.

page_text: After the intaglio is formed, I wash over the same with benzine or any other
suitable thin oily substance; I then clean off and wipe dry the plain or polished
surface of the glass, which remains standing up above the etched or intaglio surface
and which represents the open spaces of the metallic plate to be produced while the
etched or intaglio surface remains moist. I now dust over the entire glass surface
with plumbago or bronze powder, which adheres to the benzine coated, granulated
intaglio surface while the original surface proper of the glass being dry and
polished, does not retain any of the conductive powder but allows the latter to
be readily dislodged. I now submerge the glass plate thus prepared, in a metallic
plating solution, using a plating battery, preferably a Smee, but any good plating
machine will answer, connection being then made with the conductive coating in
the intaglio pattern, a deposit of copper or other metal is thus formed on the
intaglio surface, while the bright and clean spaces of the glass plate between the
pattern being non-conductive of electricity, receive no deposit.
After the metal plate is thus formed it is removed from the glass plate or mould
and is smoothed, trimmed and finished.
By this method, thousands of metal plates can be rapidly and cheaply produced
from one and the same non-conducting intaglio plate or mould and no further
expense or delay is incurred in making the pattern a second time, as would be the
case, were it done on wax or painted surface alone, which would require the
pattern to be renewed for every metal plate produced.
For many purposes; I would form the intaglio pattern by sand-blasting or
wheel-grinding alone; but I prefer the acid etching first, to get depth and the
sand-blast or grinding secondarily, to granulate the acid-etched surface, to make it
hold the conductive powder. Instead of forming the intaglio as above described it
may be produced by moulding, casting or grinding the glass or other plate.
By means of my Invention, not only perforated metal stencils and patterns can
be readily formed and multiplied at will, but also printing surfaces, dies and all
sorts of ornamental open work may be produced.
In making scroll and other metal work for inlaying and otherwise decorating
furniture &c: for similar purposes I may provide the scroll &c with a concealed
fastening attached to the scroll &c in the act of depositing the metal forming it
by placing a tack or pin in a hole formed in the depositing surface of the glass
(where it remains point down whilst the glass is in the depositing solution) and
depositing the metal on the top of and around the tack or pin-head.
I am aware that it is not new to coat a glass plate with varnish entirely over
the surface of the glass and then cut the design through the varnish, and then
make the surface of the remaining varnish a conductor of electricity and then form
an electro deposit of metal thereon; therefore I do not claim this method.
Dated this 23rd day of January 1885.

page_text: Improvements in the Method of Manufacturing Stencil Plates
for Graining and other Purposes, and other Perforated or
Openwork Metallic Goods, by Electrometallurgy.
I JOHN JAMES CALLOW of 56 Beach Street Cleveland in the State of Ohio
United States of America, Manufacturer of Perforated metallic graining tools do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD
"
OF MANUFACTURING STENCIL PLATES FOR GRAINING AND OTHER PURPOSES AND
OTHER PERFORATED OR OPEN WORK METALLIC GOODS BY ELECTROMETALLURGY
"
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Heretofore, perforations in sheet metal, such as those in stencil-plates have
usually been produced by cutting out certain parts of the sheet metal by means of
dies, punches, presses &c: which is a laborious and expensive process.
The object of my Invention is to obviate this difficulty and to produce by electro
metallurgy perforated and other open work metal goods such as stencil plates used
for graining, frescoing, lace making, furniture decoration or other ornamental or
printing purposes and for the general manufacture of fancy and useful metallic
goods used in the arts and manufactures, the metal work of church and other
similar windows, flowers, ferns, bird cages, tablets, scrolls, picture frames, signs,
show plates, buhl or inlaid work for furniture, decoration, fire screens, window or
safe screens, mantel ornament work, bookbinders uses, blocks for calico and other
printing blocks or types and for other purposes too numerous to mention.
In carrying out my Invention I take a sheet of material which is a non-conductor
of electricity (such as glass, porcelain or porcelain coated metal, preferring sheet
glass for my purpose) in the surface of which I produce an intaglio counterpart or
adhesive mould corresponding in design to the pattern, and in depth to about the
thickness more or less of the metal plate to be produced. This intaglio, I form by
etching with hydrofluoric acid, sand blasting, or both, or by any other suitable
means; but I prefer glass-etched. If the glass be etched to form the intaglio, I go
over the said etching a second time with the sand blast or other grinding process,
so as to granulate or roughen the acid-etched surface in order to adapt it to bold
the bronze powder, plumbago or other superficial conductive coating which I after-
wards apply thereto.
After the intaglio is formed, I wash over the same with benzine or any other
suitable thin oily substance. I then clean off and wipe dry the plain or polished
surface of the glass, which remains standing up above the etched or intaglio surface
and which represents the open spaces of the metallic plate to be produced, while
the etched or intaglio surface remains moist.. I now dust over the entire glass
surface with plumbago or bronze powder, which adheres to the benzine coated,
granulated intaglio surface while the original surface proper of the glass being dry
and polished, does not retain any of the conductive powder, but allows the latter to
be readily dislodged. I now submerge the glass plate thus prepared, in a metallic
plating solution, using a plating battery preferably a Smee, but any good plating

page_text: machine will answer; connection being then made with the conductive coating in
the intaglio pattern, a deposit of copper or other metal is thus formed on the
intaglio surface, while the bright and clean surfaces of the glass plate between the
pattern being non-conductive of electricity, receive no deposit.
After the metal plate is thus formed it is removed from the glass plate or mould
and is smoothed, trimmed and finished.
By this method, thousands of metal plates can be rapidly and cheaply produced
from one and the same non-conducting intaglio plate or mould and no further
expense or delay is incurred in making the pattern a second time, as would be the
case, were it done on wax or painted surface alone, which would require the pattern
to be removed for every metal plate produced.
For many purposes, I would form the intaglio pattern by sand blasting or wheel
grinding alone; but I prefer the acid etching first, to get depth and the sand-blast
or grinding secondarily, to granulate the acid-etched surface, to make it hold the
conductive powder.
Instead of forming the intaglio as above described, it may be produced by
moulding with an adhesive conducting substance or by casting or grinding the
glass or other plate.
By means of my Invention, not only perforated metal stencils and patterns can
be readily formed and multiplied at will, but also printing surfaces, dies and all
sorts of ornamental open work may be produced.
In making scroll, and other metal work for inlaying and otherwise decorating
furniture &c: for similar purposes, may provide, the scroll &c with a concealed
fastening attached to the scroll &c: in the act of depositing the metal forming it by
placing a tack or pin in a hole formed in the depositing surface of the glass (where
it remains point down whilst the glass is in the depositing solution) and depositing
the metal on the top of and around the tack or pin head.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1st The method herein described of manufacturing perforated or other open work
metal goods, such as stencils and patterns and other metallic goods used in the arts
and manufactures, which consists in first forming in a non-conducting plate an
adhesive intaglio or equivalent surface corresponding to the form or design of the
metal work to be produced, then rendering the adhesive intaglio surface alone
conductive of electricity by coating the same with metallic powder or equivalent
and cleaning off the remaining parts of the original plain or polished surface of the
plate, form, or mould substantially as described, then immersing the plate in an
electro-plating solution and depositing metal upon the said conductive adhesive or
intaglio surface, and finally removing the plate of deposited metal as and for the
purpose described.
2. The employment of bright clean polished glass or equivalent surfaces as
a non conducting insulator or repellent of the electric deposit as a means whereby
to produce perforations in deposited metal goods substantially as and for the
purpose specified.
Datadhi DOLL 1
1000
A