Improvement in Machinery for Making Bottles and other like Hollow Glass-ware.
Year: 1889

page_text: Complete Specification Left, 20th July, 1889--Accepted, Sist Aug. 1089
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Machinery for Making Bottles and other like
Hollow Glass-ware.
I, HOWARD MATRAVERS ASHLEY, of Ferrybridge in the County of York, Bottle
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In the Specifications of previous Patents No. 8677 of 1886 No. 14727 of 1886
and No. 3434 of 1887 1 referred to a method of making bottles and other like
hollow glass ware.
The machinery which forms the subject of my present invention is adapted to
manufacture tliese articles according to a method which may be briefly explained
as follows:-
A quantity of molten glass, is poured into a cup shaped mould, termed a parison
mould, the lower part of which is made the counterpart of the shape which the
head and neck of the bottle are intended to have. While the glass is still in a
plastic state in the parison mould a punch or plunger is pushed up into the body
of the glass and withdrawn, thus forming a cylindrical cavity in the glass. The
parison mould is then inverted and withdrawn the neck mould or that part which
embraces the head and neck being still left in position so that the parison or bulb
of glass remains suspended by the head and neck; this bulb being still plastic,
and tending to elongate itself by gravity, is then enclosed within a mould which
is a counterpart of the finished shape which the bottle is intended to have.
Air.
or gas under pressure is then admitted into the interior of the glass bulb through
a perforation in the punch or plunger and the glass is thus distended so as to take
the shape of the mould enclosing it.
This mould being then removed, the bottle remains suspended by the head and
neck, and that part of the mould being then opened, the finished bottle is released
and is conveyed away to be annealed. Each of the moulds employed is necessarily
made in parts which are brought together forming the mould to receive the glass
and are separated in order to release the bottle.
By my present invention I provide compact machinery which can be conveniently
worked by hand for manufacturing bottles according to this method. For this
purpose I mount at the upper part of a frame a horizontal axis having a crank
arm through which there is a passage from a supply of compressed air to a T piece
fixed on the crank arm. This air passage is governed by a cock or valve which
can be opened by a handle in opposition to a spring, which nearly closes it when
the handle is let go. Through packing in the vertical limb of the T piece passes
a punch or plunger which can be pushed up or drawn down by a handle, its stroke
being limited by adjustable stops. On the upper mouth of the T piece is fitted
a mould made in halves, this mould being the counterpart of the exterior of the
neck and lip of the bottle. The two halves of this, which may be termed the neck
mould; are held together by suitable tongs that can be opened apart to separate
the half moulds. On the neck mould is fitted a cup shaped mould, which may
be termed the parison mould, this mould being also made in halves held together
by tongs. In the lower part of the frame is arranged a treadle connected by

page_text: links and levers to a table which is fitted to slide vertically along guides. This
table has on it a mould the counterpart of the bottom of the bottle, and to this
mould are jointed two half moulds which when closed together form the counter-
part of the exterior of the body of the bottle. The closing together and opening
apart of these half moulds is effected by a hand lever mounted on the vertically
sliding table. Such being the construction of the machine, it is worked in the
following manner. A charge of molten glass is poured into the parison mould,
the punch or plunger is thrust up and withdrawn while a little air passes through
it, thus forming a cavity in the plastic but somewhat viscid glass.
The crank arm being then turned half round, the parison mould is withdrawn,
and the hollowed bulb of glass suspended by the cooler part of it which is engaged in
the neck mould tends to become elongated downwards by gravity and also distended
by admitting air through the tubular punch or plunger. The table is then raised
and the halves of the finishing mould are closed together, a full supply of air is
given blowing the glass to the shape of the mould. The mould is then parted
and withdrawn leaving the bottle hanging from the neck mould, which is then
parted, releasing the bottle. The crank arm being again turned half round and
the neck mould and parison mould replaced, the machine is ready for making a
fresh bottle in the same manner.
1000
CARPMAEL & Co.;
Agent's.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Machinery for Making Bottles and other like
Hollow Glass Ware.
I HOWARD MATRAVERS ASHLEY, of Ferrybridge in the County of York Bottle
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:
-
In the Specifications of previous Patents No. 8677 of 1886 No. 14727 of 1886
and No. 3434 of 1887 I referred to a method of making bottles and other like
hollow glass-ware.
The machinery which forms the subject of my present Invention is adapted to
manufacture those articles according to a method which may be briefly explained
as follows:-
A quantity of molten glass is poured into a cup shaped mould, 'termed a parison
mould, the lower part of which is made the counterpart of the shape which the head
and neck of the bottle are intended to have. While the glass is still in a plastic
state in the parison mould, a punch or plunger is pushed up into the body of the
glass and withdrawn, thus forming a cylindrical cavity in the glass. The parison
mould is then inverted and withdrawn, the neck mould or that part which embraces
the head and neck being still left in position, so that the parison or bulb of glass
remains suspended by the head and neck; this bulb being still plastic and tending to
elongate itself by gravity, is then enclosed within a mould which is a counterpart of
the finished shape which the bottle is intended to have. Air or gas under pressure is
then admitted into the interior of the glass bull through a perforation in the punch
or plunger and the glass is thus distended so as to take the shape of the inould
enclosing it.
The mould being then removed, the bottle remains suspended by the head and
neck, and that part of the mould being then opened. the finished bottle is released
and is conveyed away to be annealed. Each of the moulds employed is necessarily
made in parts which are broughi together forming the mould to receive the glass.
and are separated in order to release the bottle.
By my present invention I provide compact machinery which can be conveniently.

page_text: worked by hand for manufacturing bottles according to this method, as I shall
describe referring to the accompanying drawings:
Figures 1 and are front views and Figures 2 and 4 are side views showing the
machine in two conditions, that is to say:-Figures 1 and 2 shew its condition
when the parison mould is receiving its supply of molten glass; Figures 3
and 4 shew its condition when the bottle is blown in the finishing mould.
Figures 5 and 6 are part vertical sections drawn to an enlarged scale of the
upper part of the machine shewing the same two conditions. Figure 7 is a
plan of the finishing mould, and the lever for opening and closing it. Figure 8
is a plan of the tongs for opening and closing the parison mould. The frame A
of the machine stands on base B and has mounted in its upper part a crank
arm C which can be turned down as shewa in Figures 1, 2 and 5, or can be
turned up as shewn in Figures 3, 4 and 6. Though this crank arm C, and its
axis s there is a passage for compressed air or other gas supplied by a pipe H which
is connected to by a stuffing box 62 and has a valve or cock worked by a hand
lever I between adjustable stops, this lever I when free being retracted by a spring I
to a position where it keeps the valve slightly open so as to give a very small supply
of air. The crank arme has at its end a hollow T piece in the upright bore of
which a punch or plunger D can be slid up or down through a stuffing box b by a
handle h A collar e on the punch or plunger forms a stop for its downward move-
ment and another adjustable collar forms a stop for its upward movement. The
upper part of the plunger D is tubular as shewn in Figure 5 and the tubular part has
lateral holes (Figure 6) by which air from can enter it. The upper end of the
plunger has through it a small central hole sufficient for passage of air but not large
enough to permit inflow of the molten glass which is comparatively viscid. On the
upper end of the T piece, is fitted first the neck mould E which is vertically divided
into two parts that are held together by tougs F kept closed by a ring k. Above the
neck mould E is fitted the cup shaped parison mould G which is also vertically.
divided into two parts held together by the tongs F². A table T fitted to slide
vertically along guide bars usually occupies the position shewn in Figures 1 and 2 but
by depressing a treadle L which is connected to by a system of levers and links
the table T can be raised to the position shewn in Figures 3 and 4. To the table T, the
upper surface of which forms the mould for the bottom of the bottle, are jointedon the
pin j, the two halves of the vertically divided bottle mould M which are usually opened
apart as shown in Figure 1, but which by raising a lever N linked to them can be
closed together as shewn in Figures 3 and 7. In order that the divided moulds may
always when closed take their proper positions, the neck mould. E is made with a
recess fitting a collar on the end of the T piece t also the parison mould G, and
the finishing mould M have socket recesses fitting on the spigot end of the neck
mould.
Such being the construction of the machine, it is worked in the following manner.
The parts being in the positions shewn in Figures 1, 2 and 5 a charge of molten glass
is poured into the parison mould G.
The punch or plunger D is then thrust up and withdrawn while a little air passes
through it; thus forming a cylindrical cavity in the plastic but somewhat viscid glass.
The crank arm C being then turned half round to the position shewn in Figures 3, 4
and 6 the parison mould G is withdrawn by opening the tongs F and the hollow
body of glass suspended by the cooler part of it, which is engaged in the neck
mould E tends to become elongated downwards by gravity and also distended by air
admitted in larger quantity by depressing somewhat the valve lever I. The table T is
then raised and the mould M is closed as shewn in Figures 3, 4, and 5, and, the valve
lever I being depressed so as to give a full supply of air, the glass is distended to fit
the mould Mas indicated by the dotted line in Figure 6 whereupon the valve lever I
is released. The mould M is then opened and the table T is lowered, the bottle being
left suspended by its neck in the neck mould E. This mould being then opened, the
bottle drops and is removed to be annealed. The crank arm C is then again turned
down, the neck mould E and the parison mould Gare replaced, and the machine is

page_text: ready for production of a succeeding bottle. For rapid operations it is necessary to
have duplicate sets of the neck moulds, and the parison moulds which are subjected
to the greatest heat, so that one set can be allowed to cool, while the other set is in
use. The upper end of the nozzle through which the punch D rises being exposed to
great heat, should be fitted as a nipple so that it can readily be removed to give place
for a fresh nipple as shewn by in Figure 9. For some kinds of bottles having the
mouth for a certain depth of larger diameter than the bore of the neck, the plunger
may be made in two parts, the one part I fitteil to slide telescopically within the
other I) as shewn in Figure 10. The neck mould E may obviously be made to suit
bottle heads of various shapes, either such as have a plain head or band or such as
have external screw threads or mouldings of various forms.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. A machine for making bottles and other like hollow glass-ware, constructed
and operating substantially as described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
2. In a machine such as is above referred to, the combination of an upright frame,
having centred in its upper part a tubular crank arm, capable of inversion, at its
lower part a treadle connected to a vertically sliding table carrying a divided bottle
mould, and a lever for opening and closing the mould, substantially as described.
3. In combination with the tubular crank arm above referred to, the T piece and
nozzle fiited to, receive the divided neck mould, and the tubular punch or plunger,
substantially as described.
4. In combination with the neck mould, the divided parison mould fitting thereon
with suitable tongs for opening and closing the neck and parison moulds, substantially
as described.
5. In combination with the neck mould, the divided bottle mould fitting thereto,
the tubular punch or plunger and the air cock or valve and spring lever for regulating
the blowing pressure, substantially as described.
Dated the 23rd day of July 1889.
ABEL & JARAY.
Agents for the Applicant.