matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR TILTING AND EMPTYING VESSELS CONTAINING LIQUIDS
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ishmael William Lister and Albert
Edward Shepherd at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th
January 1878.
ISHMAEL WILLIAM LISTER, of Merefield Street, and ALBERT EDWARD SHEPHERD,
of Mitchel Street, both of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR TILTING AND EMPTYING VESSELS CONTAINING LIQUIDS."
Our Invention consists,-
Firstly. In tilting the vessel by means of an open spiral spring, the coils of which
are wound side by side, but so as not to touch each other, one end of which spring
is fast to or abuts against a fixed substance, and the other is fast to or abuts against
a lever, pulley, or wheel, which is connected to the vessel, being tilted by means of
a rod, rack, chain, cord, or other flexible substance.
Secondly. We propose when chains, cords, or other flexible substances are used
to have pullies attached to the hooks which take hold of the vessel being tilted
for the chain, cord, or other flexible substance to pass over. To one of these pullies
we attach a rack wheel, which is held by a catch, so that the chain, cord, or other
flexible substance can be wound on this pulley.
Thirdly. In apparatus that are actuated by springs we propose to wind them up
by means of a lever, ratchet wheel, and catch attached to the apparatus.
Fourthly. We propose to fix a pipe or tap in the vessel, from which the liquid
has to be drawn in a diagonal position, or the pipe or tap may be curved, so that
by pushing this pipe or tap more or less into the vessel, the end of it is brought
nearer to or further from the bottom of such vessel; the end of this pipe or tap that
passes into the vessel, we propose to make of a smaller diameter than the body of
the pipe or tap; this small end is perforated, and the larger part of the pipe or tap
has the perforations so arranged that they are not higher than the highest per-
forations in the smallest part of the pipe or tap. At the end of the pipe or tap we
propose to fix bristles or other pliable substance which will expand on being pushed
through the aperture in the vessel, and thus prevent sediment or other substance in
the liquid getting to the perforations in the pipe. This part of our Invention we
claim if applied to any description of pipe or tap used for emptying vessels con-
taining liquids. We propose to have a handle on the tap or on the bush, through

page_text: which the tap or pipe may pass to hold it by while being fixed in the vessel. This
part of our Invention we also claim if applied to any description of tap or pipe used
for emptying vessels containing liquids.
Fifthly. In some cases in place of drawing the liquid from the vessel containing
it by a pump, or run it off by its own gravity, we propose to force or push it out of
the same by means of pressure applied to the surface of such liquid; this vessel we
propose to make with a loose end which presses on the liquid, and thus forces it out
of the vessel through some convenient aperture.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WEIGHING AND FOR INDICATING AND RECORDING WEIGHTS AND STRAINS
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Westinghouse at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th April 1878.
GEORGE WESTINGHOUSE, junior, of No. 20, Southampton Buildings, in the County
of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WEIGHING AND FOR INDICATING
AND RECORDING WEIGHTS AND STRAINS."
My Invention relates to apparatus for ascertaining weights and strains, and for
indicating and recording the same. For this purpose I cover with a flexible
diaphragm a vessel containing liquid, and on this diaphragm I apply the weight or
strain that is to be ascertained. From the vessel I lead a pipe to any convenient
place, which may be at a distance, and there I provide a column of mercury or other
liquid, or any known pressure gauge. The height of such column or the indication
on the gauge serves as a measurement of the weight or strain applied on the
diaphragm.
The column or gauge may be graduated to any required scale, and provided with
a vernier or other means of delicate measurement.
For recording weights or strains I apply to the communicating pipe apparatus
similar to a steam engine indicator, so as to make a trace of the varying weights or
strains on a moving paper or other surface.
For the purpose of weighing large loads, a number of vessels with their diaphragms
may be disposed suitable arrangement, and all connected by pipes with the indi-
cating instrument; thus, for example, in applying the apparatus to a weighbridge, I
support the platform thereof on two or more diaphragms, and I guide it by a parallel
motion, so that it bears equally on each; also, for ascertaining weights differing
considerably, two or more scales may be made to act on one diaphragm with different
leverage, the same column or gauge serving to indicate the weight in each case.
AN IMPROVED HORSE-SHOE BAR OR BLANK
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Melville Clark, of Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED
HORSE-SHOE BAR OR BLANK." A communication from abroad by Christian
Moller, of Hoboken, in the County of Hudson, and State of New Jersey,
United States of America.
Sealed the 7th February 1879, and dated the 30th September 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Melville Clark
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th September 1878.
46
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent.
AN IMPROVED, HORSE-SHOE BAR OR BLANK." [A communication
from abroad by Christian Moller, of Hoboken, in the County of Hudson, and State
of New Jersey, United States of America.]
This Invention relates to a new construction of blank for horse-shoes, and has for
its object to so construct the blank that a perfect shoe having three solid calks may
be made from said blank entirely by machinery.
According to this Invention the blank or horse-shoe bar is rolled with three
projecting calks projecting from its lower side; and it has a flat web constructed
along its entire inner side, said web being as high as the body of the blank between
the calks.
Along the outer side of the blank are creases between the calks, said creases
serving to receive the nail heads. On the upper side of the blank are along its
outer side elevated ridges or edges, said ridges being opposite to the spaces between
the calks. The blank thus formed by proper rollers is bent into the form of a shoe.
The end portions of the web are, before bending, first pressed against the heel

page_text: calks, so that the said web only appears along the toe calk of the complete shoe,
and not along the heel calks. The said web is used in the blank to facilitate the
clean rolling thereof, and to prevent the formation of a fin. Without the continuous
web the rollers which shape the blank would leave a ragged projection along the
inner edge of the shoe.
The elevated ridges disappear during the process of bending the blank into the
form of the complete shoe. They serve to render the top surface of the completed
shoe properly level. Without these ridges the upper surface of the shoe would be
higher along the inner than along the outer contour, as the increased thickness of
the blank at the toe calk causes a strain or leverage that serves to slightly tilt the
metal during the process of bending.
The ridges are drawn out flat in the bending process and fill the otherwise lowest
portion of the top, thereby rendering it level.

page_text: 2nd. The horse-shoe blank constructed with a solid toe calk b, and with pro-
jecting ridges h, h, at its upper side, substantially as herein shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-nine.
Thr
A. M. CLARĂ.
(L.S.)
IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY BREAKS
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Johnston at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 12th November 1878.
John Johnston, of Moray Road, Finsbury Park, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY BREAKS."
The Invention has for its object improvements in railway breaks.
For this purpose, instead of or in addition to applying a break to the wheels of
the carriage I cause a break to act upon the rails direct, and the mode in which I
prefer to carry my Invention into effect is as follows:-
I mount upon centres of motion carried by the frame of the carriage or by
brackets therefrom a series of levers, the lower ends of which carry curved break
blocks formed preferably of the same section as the periphery of an ordinary railway
wheel. These levers are set at an angle to the rail, and are preferably arranged in
pairs, one on each side of the carriage, coupled at their upper parts by a cross rod
or bar. Upon this rod or bar is arranged a screwed nut, and through this nut
passes from end to end of the carriage a screwed shaft. The length of this screwed
shaft under one carriage may be coupled to the length under the next by any well
known means, and rotary motion may be given to this screwed shaft by connections
from the guard's van.
By these means in applying the break the guard by suitable connections gives
rotary motion to the screwed shaft, which in its turn acts upon the break levers
through the medium of the screwed nuts, and causes the lower ends of the break
levers to bring the break blocks with more or less force into contact with the
rails.
IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS, PARASOLS, AND SUNSHADES
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Matthew Wilson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 12th February 1878.
MATTHEW WILSON, of Leadenhall Street, in the City of London, Merchant.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS, PARASOLS, AND SUNSHADES."
""
The object of this Invention is so to manufacture umbrellas, parasols, and sun-
shades as to prevent them turning inside out when in a high wind, or from the
effects of a sudden gust of wind at the corners of streets or other positions. To
effect this object I attach to the end of the rim of an ordinary umbrella, parasol, or
sunshade a ring; to this ring I fasten a small wire or cord made of any suitable
material, which passes through other rings, guides, loops, or eyelets next hereafter
mentioned. About.six inches from the end of the rib I place another ring or loop,
and so on to about six inches above where the stretcher joins the rib, through
which the wire or cord passes. From this top ring, loop, or eyelet, which is near
the top of the rib, I carry the cord by any suitable means, eyes, rings, or guides to
the cross rib or stretcher. By this means the umbrella cannot possibly be turned
inside out.
Should the wind get under the umbrella, parasol, or sunshade the leverage is so
great on the joints of the ribs by reason of the cord or wire acting on the stretcher
that it forms an effectual resistance against the wind.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR STRAINING AND ROLLING PAPER, TEXTILE FABRICS, AND OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th May 1878. A communication
from abroad by Wilhelm Richard Schürmann, of Düsseldorf, in the Empire of
Germany.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR STRAINING AND ROLLING PAPER, TEXTILE FABRICS, AND
OTHER MATERIALS." A communication from abroad by Wilhelm Richard Schürmann,
of Düsseldorf, in the Empire of Germany.
The improvements consist in the combination in rolling and straining machinery
of two or more compression rollers mounted on moveable guide levers, together with
an arrangement for imparting friction to the said compression rollers; also of
moveable compression levers for compressing one or more rolling up shafts, together
with straining apparatus to be used therewith; whereby paper, textile fabrics, and
others matters can be rolled on and off without folds or creases appearing
therein.
The improvements are to be performed by making a suitable bed plate and frame
of metal, and the various rolling, off and on rollers, together with the compression
rollers, are to be mounted in bearings, so that they, the rollers, can be easily
removed and replaced. The rollers may be tubes or cylinders of metal fitted at
each end with square holed head pieces, into which a square shaft is to be passed,
carrying one or more collars, by means of which the rollers may be laterally firmly
fixed.
The machine can be supplied with any convenient cutter for cutting off at any
desired length the material rolled; also with any convenient machine to indicate
the length rolled on or off as desired.

page_text: The compression rollers are mounted in a moveable frame or moveable guide
levers, so that they, the rollers, can be guided nearer to or further from the stuff as
it leaves the winding-off rollers, and also to accomodate the rollers to the varying
thickness of the matters rolled. Equally the compressing levers with their shafts
are similarly mounted for the same reasons.
AN IMPROVED COMPOUND FOR WATERPROOFING LEATHER
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Primerose Howard Vaughan, F.C.S., of 67,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention
of "AN IMPROVED COMPOUND FOR WATERPROOFING LEATHER." A com-
munication from abroad by João Anastacio Rosa, of Paris, in the French
Republic
Sealed the 17th January 1879, and dated the 3rd October 1878.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Edward Primerose Howard
Vaughan at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd October
1878.
EDWARD PRIMEROSE HOWARD VAUGHAN, F.C.S., of 67, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent. "AN IMPROVED COMPOUND FOR WATER-
PROOFING LEATHER." A communication from abroad by João. Anastacio Rosa, of
Paris, in the French Republic.
This Invention consists in an improved compound by means of which boots,
shoes, saddlery, harness, and other leathern articles may be rendered impervious
to water while giving free passage to air and perspiration or other gaseous
fluids.
To prepare this compound any required volume of spirits of turpentine contained
in a suitable receiver is heated in a water or sand bath, together with a quantity of
ordinary rosin or colophony sufficient to form when dissolved a syrupy mass.
The
solution of the rosin, facilitated by stirring, being completely effected, the product
is allowed to cool, and when sufficiently clarified by repose or straining is bottled
off for use.
.
In certain cases naphtha, petroleum, or other analogous volatile oils may be
substituted to the turpentine, but for general purposes the latter solvent should be
preferred.
The proportions of the ingredients employed are necessarily variable, according
to the nature and intended application of the article to be treated, the consistency

page_text: of the compound being increased according to the degree of porosity of the leather,
in starting from a standard or minimum density of about forty-five degrees of the
centesimal hydrometer, which is suitable for close-grained leathers.
When intended for use with new or dry leather the waterproofing compound
should be mixed with from twenty-five to forty-five per cent. by volume of olive or
other lubricating oil.
The compound may be applied to the leather either by brushing, rubbing, or
dipping, repeated at intervals until the required degree of saturation is obtained.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and the manner in
which it may be carried into effect, I declare that what I claim and desire to protect
by Letters Patent is, an improved compound for waterproofing leather formed by
the solution of rosin or colophony in spirits of turpentine or other appropriate
volatile oil, substantially as herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Primerose Howard Vaughan, have
here set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRE- SERVING MEAT, FISH, POULTRY, AND OTHER SIMILAR SUBSTANCES FOR FOOD
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Van de Velde at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th April 1878.
EDWARD VAN DE VELDE, of Dalston Lane, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRE-
SERVING MEAT, FISH, POULTRY, AND OTHER SIMILAR SUBSTANCES FOR FOOD."
My means for preserving meat, fish, poultry, and other similar substances or
perishable food belongs to that class of processes where the material to be preserved
is immersed in or applied by a brush with the preserving mixtures or compounds.
My improved process for preserving meat, fish, poultry, and other similar sub-
stances consists in applying a solution or compound composed of about one hundred
parts of bicarbonate of soda and forty parts of sugar mixed in any suitable liquid,
by preference cold water.
I do not strictly confine myself to the proportions of the materials given; a greater
or lesser proportion may be used and produce good practical preserving results; but
so far, from experience I find the proportions previously stated to give the best
preserving power.
The solution is made of a proper liquid consistency or density for applying to
the meat or other substances previously mentioned, which as before stated may be
done by immersing or applying the solution by a brush or otherwise as most con-
venient. After the application of the solution the meat is exposed to the air for
drying, by preference dry air. It keeps fresh any reasonable time, and when dried
keeps in any climate.
When using the meat thus preserved, after it becomes dry it is first placed in a
bath of water for cleansing purposes, and to restore its fresh appearance.
Meat and other similar substances before mentioned preserved by this process are
found not to loose any of the nutrative qualities, nor are they in the least injured
by the preserving solution.
The material forming the preserving solution or compound may be prepared in
its proper proportions and put up in a dry state in packages or bottles for domestic
use, with instructions for mixing it with the proper proportion of liquid.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WIND ENGINES FOR PROPELLING OF BOATS AND OTHER VESSELS, FOR PUMPING OF BILGE WATER, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES WHERE MOTIVE POWER IS REQUIRED
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Adams and Frederick William
Flower at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th June 1878.
JAMES ADAMS, of Maldon, in the County of Essex, Engineer, and FREDERICK
WILLIAM FLOWER, of Hammersmith, in the County of Middlesex, Merchant.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WIND ENGINES FOR PROPELLING OF BOATS AND OTHER VESSELS,
FOR PUMPING OF BILGE WATER, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES WHERE MOTIVE POWER
IS REQUIRED."
This Invention relates to improvements in wind engines by making the driving
fan or screw blades curvilinear in the manner of a propelling screw, and by
adding two curvilinear fans upon one shaft, thus gaining two-thirds more power.
Upon a wood or other suitable foundation built upon the deck of a vessel, if for
propelling purposes, we fix a revolving table with cogs round the edge for a worm
to work into, for the purpose of setting the table to any desired angle. Upon this
table we fix suitable uprights for carrying a horizontal shaft, and upon this shaft
either one curvilinear fan in the centre, or two curvilinear fans, one at each end of
the shaft, or one curvilinear fan at one end of this shaft, and a balance wheel at
the other, are firmly fixed.
Motion is given to the machinery by a pair of bevil wheels, one fitted on to the
horizontal shaft, and the other to a vertical shaft which passes through the centre
of the revolving table, and works in a step brass at the bottom of the vessel or
any other place suitable for it. Bevil or spur wheels are fitted upon this vertical
shaft for driving either a screw or paddle wheels or any other description of
machinery.
A small spur wheel fitted upon a short vertical shaft works into the spur wheel
fitted on to the vertical shaft below the revolving table, and upon this short
shaft are placed two bevil or mitre wheels connected together. The wheels are
fitted to work into another bevil or mitre wheel fixed upon a horizontal shaft,
upon which is fixed the screw or propeller.
The two wheels fitted upon the short vertical shaft are made to rise or fall by
the action of a forked lever, by which means the screw will propel the vessel

page_text: either ahead or astern, or will stop the screw altogether, the driving gear being
still at work. This apparatus or shifting gear is applicable to machinery for other
purposes.
Provision is made for setting the revolving table to any desired angle to regulate
the speed of the vessel or other machinery; also for safety during gales of wind.
OR HOISTING TACKLE."
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Anthony Collet at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st January 1878.
JOSEPH ANTHONY COLLET, of Offenbach, Germany.
OR HOISTING TACKLE."
(
IMPROVEMENTS IN LIFTING
My Invention of improvements in hoisting or lifting tackle, whereby loads
may be raised or lowered, or held in any required position, consists of the following
arrangements :-
Between two side plates or frames I arrange in a vertical line two worm wheels
and drums running in bearings in the side plates. Above the top drum and
connecting the two plates is a cross head, with swivel hook for supporting the load.
Between the worin wheels and gearing into them is a worm or screw, and at the
end of the worm shaft is fixed a rope or chain pulley.
Another method of arrangement is by setting the worm wheels in a horizontal
line, and driving them by two worms having the rope or chain wheel between
them. Attached to the drums is a long chain passing through a pulley block, or
fixed to a swivel hook for carrying the load. Over the wheel is passed a rope or
chain for hoisting. When the rope wheel is turned, the drums, which are of the
same diameter, wind or unwind as required the chain carrying the load, and will
hold it in any position by means of the worm, which acts as a brake when not
being turned by the rope wheel.
Another arrangement is by substituting clip pulleys for the long drums, so that
instead of the chain being continuously wound round it is merely passed over the
pulleys, and the ends allowed to bang free, the other parts of the apparatus being
the same as before.
The pitch and diameter of the worm wheels and barrels may be varied to suit the
weight of load and speed of lifting.
AN IMPROVED COMPOUND OR MEDICINE FOR THE CURE OR ALLEVIATION OF GOUT, RHEUMATISM, SCIATICA, NEURALGIA, AND SPASMODIC PAINS
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Denny Ruck at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th July 1878.
GEORGE DENNY RUCK, of Poplar Walk Road, near Loughborough Junction, in the
County of Surrey. "AN IMPROVED COMPOUND OR MEDICINE FOR THE CURE OR
ALLEVIATION OF GOUT, RHEUMATISM, SCIATICA, NEURALGIA, AND SPASMODIC PAINS."
This Invention relates to the preparation of an improved compound or medicine
to be used internally as a cure for or alleviative for gout, rheumatism, sciatica,
neuralgia, and spasmodic pains, the same being inexpensive, simple in preparation,
and very efficaceous.
For the purpose of describing the proportions of the ingredients employed, and
the manner of combining the saine, a quantity weighing eight ounces may be taken
as an example. One ounce of gentian root is thoroughly dried in an oven, and then
very finely ground by any suitable and known means; to the gentian root thus
prepared, six grains of cayenne pepper and ten drops of a saturated solution of
citrate of iron are added, the whole being then thoroughly mixed. A. sufficient
quantity of gin (by preference of proof strength) is then added to the ingredients
before mentioned.
The vessel in which the mixture is contained kept for three days, the same
being well shaken at intervals, at the end of which period the compound will be
ready for use.
Instead of employing gin, as herein-before mentioned, spirits of wine with such a
proportion of an infusion of juniper berries as is used in rectifying raw spirit for the
manufacture of gin, may be employed.
The approximate doses should be from one to four teaspoonfuls taken three times
a day before meals, and it is important that no wine, beer, or alcoholic drinks
should be taken during the period of treatment.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE RUNNING GEAR OF VEHICLES
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ernest de Pass at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th May 1878. A communication from
abroad by Daniel Stewart, of Aylmer, in the County of Elgin, in the Province
of Ontario, Canada.
ERNEST DE PASS, of the Office for British and Foreign Patents, 68, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, Patent Agent. " IMPROVEMENTS IN THE RUNNING GEAR
OF VEHICLES." A communication from abroad by Daniel Stewart, of Aylmer, in
the County of Elgin, in the Province of Ontario, Canada.
The object of this Invention is to make the. running gear of carriages and other
like vehicles, so that while being stronger, cheaper, and more durable in construc-
tion, it is more easily put together than the kind now commonly used.
It consists in making the head block of malleable cast iron, so shaped that either
a double or single reach can be connected to it without alteration or change, the
said single or double reach being made of iron pipe or tubing of proper size, and all
the mountings of malleable cast iron.
A clip is clamped on to this reach, and the screw bolts which connect the two
halves of the said clip together serve at the same time to hold the stays or braces
in position. A circle keeper, made of malleable cast iron, and provided with a
suitable bearing box for the said circle, is bolted to the reach at a suitable distance
from the head block, and is applicable to either a single or double reach. The back
connection of the reach with the back axle is made of malleable cast iron, and is
screwed to the reach in the same manner as the head block.
In some cases the centre of the head block is enlarged and recessed out sufficiently
to admit a nut used to secure the king bolt. This arrangement allows ready
access to the nut, should any accident occur or necessity arise requiring the removal
of the king bolt.

page_text: A double reach may be attached in the same way to the head block, and com-
posed entirely of iron piping, the mounting, as in the single reach, being made of
malleable cast iron.
A single or double reach made of iron pipe or tubing, connected together as above
described, will be extremely light in proportion to its strength, and so easily put
together that an ordinary mechanic or apprentice could erect it equally as well as a
skilled workman.
IMPROVEMENTS IN REGULATORS FOR GAS BURNERS
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of the Firm of Herbert and
Company, Solicitors of Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster,
Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN REGULATORS FOR
GAS BURNERS." A communication from abroad by Raimond Longin and
Alfred Sauviac, both of Bordeaux, in the Republic of France.
Sealed the 6th June 1879, and dated the 17th December 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Cominissioners of Patents on the 17th December 1878.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN REGULATORS FOR GAS BURNERS." A communication from abroad by
Raimond Longin and Alfred Sauviac, both of Bordeaux, in the Republic of
France.
The improvements consist in constructing a chamber or box, applicable to gas
burners generally, furnished with an inlet and outlet passage, the orifices of said
passages being supplied with lense shaped valves operated or regulated by wedge
shaped or conical pins passed through the sides of the chamber, and in regulating
the supply of gas to the burner by means of such pins. The whole may be of metal,
and the pins may be soldered on or screwed to the lense shaped valves. To regulate
the flow of gas one or both of the pins is turned and so the valve is opened more
or less as desired.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Herbert John Haddan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 7th
June 1879.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN REGULATORS FOR GAS BURNERS." A communication from abroad
by Raimond Longin and Alfred Sauviac, both of Bordeaux, in the Republic of
France.
The improvements consist in constructing a chamber or box, applicable to gas
burners generally, furnished with an inlet and outlet passage, the orifices of said
passages being supplied with lense-shaped valves operated or regulated by conical
pins passed eccentrically through the sides of the chamber, and in regulating the
supply of gas to the burner by means of such pins. The whole may be made of
metal, and the pins may be soldered on or screwed or fixed in any convenient
manner to the said valves. To regulate the flow of gas one or both of the pins is
turned, and thereby the valve opened more or less as desired; and instead of conical
pins, screws or any suitable already known means may be applied for working the
valves. The accompanying Drawings give an example of the improved regulator,
Fig. 1 being a longitudinal section; Fig. 2, a cross section; and Fig. 3, an elevation
of the same. The two parts A and B are screwed together and form the gas chamber C
provided with orifices a and b, before which the valves or lenses L, L¹, are placed,
which are attached to and moved by the pins c, c¹.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert John Haddan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty sixth day of May, A.D. 1879.
WATCHES, AND OTHER TIMEKEEPERS."
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jean Tetzis at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents on the 22nd August 1878.
JEAN TETZIS, Professor, of Galatz (Greece).
WATCHES, AND OTHER TIMEKEEPERS."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CLOCKS,
My Invention relates to an arrangement of train for clocks, watches, and time-
keepers whereby great simplicity of construction is obtained, and to means of com-
pensating clock pendulums for variations of temperature.
In a clock constructed according to my Invention I employ a minute hand,
marking on a dial the minutes, and marking one revolution every hour. The
minutes inay be conveniently marked upwards to 25 on the right side of the half
hour mark, indicating the minutes after each hour, and from 25 downwards on the
left side, indicating the minutes before each hour. The hours themselves are marked
on a horizontal drum above, presenting themselves successively through a holo in
the dial. The weight pulley or barrel is loose on the spindle of the minute hand,
but connected by a pawl to a wheel on that spindle so as to turn it in the one
direction, escaping in the other direction for winding. This wheel works a pinion
on a second spindle, on which is a wheel working another pinion on the spindle of
the escapement wheel, which works the pendulum. Loose on the escapeinent wheel
spindle is a striking wheel, having pegs projecting from its face which engage by a
pawl with a toothed segment. This segment is moved by a weighted lever, which
is raised by a snail cam on the minute hand spindle being left free to descend at
the end of each complete hour, but its descent is limited by a rod attached to the
weighted lever, this rod having a hooked end which descends as a feeler into a
notch of the hour drum. The depth of the notch into which it descends in each
case corresponds with the number of strokes to be given for the hour. As it descends,
working the striking wheel, other pegs on that wheel work the bell hammer. The
hour drum is moved by a lever and escape pawl, which once in each hour is moved
by a projection from the spindle of the minute hand. The pendulum is suspended
by a spring from the top of a bar of the same length and material as the pendulum
rod, the lower end of this bar being fixed to the clock case.

page_text: As the pendulum rod expands or contracts by changes of temperature so also does
the bar suspending it, so drawing the suspending spring of the pendulum up or
letting it down through a slot, and thus adjusting the length of the pendulum below
the slot to be practically constant.
A train such as I have described may obviously be worked by a spring as in a 5
watch; also the striking may be made to take place at the half hours or quarter
hours by a suitable construction and arrangement of the cams on the minute spindle,
and of the notches in the hour drum.
IMPROVEMENTS IN METALLIC AND OTHER BEDSTEADS, COTS, AND COUCHES
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Brown at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th April 1878.
WILLIAM BROWN, of Smethwick, in the County of Stafford, Iron Manufacturer
"IMPROVEMENTS IN METALLIC AND OTHER BEDSTEADS, COTS, AND COUCHES."
My Invention has reference principally to the sacking of metallic bedsteads, cots,
and couches, but is also applicable to the sacking of bedsteads, cots, and couches
made mainly of non-metallic material.
I will describe my Invention as applied to a metallic bedstead.
In metallic bedsteads of the ordinary manufacture the inetallic strips or laths of
which the sacking is made are connected at their ends to the angle iron constituting
the frame of the bedstead, by means of studs or buttons on the angle iron, and
holes near the ends of the laths. The laths are engaged with or hooked to the said
studs or buttons, which by being turned through a quadrant secure the laths in
their places.
In making the sacking according to my Invention I dispense with the said studs
or buttons, and connect the laths with the angle iron in the following way:-I
punch a series of slots in the horizontal web of the angle iron, the said slots being
at the distances apart at which the laths are to be fixed, and parallel to the edge of
the said angle iron. These slots have a length equal to the breadth of the laths.
The lath is bent near its end, so that the extreme end while parallel to the other
part of the lath is in a plane distant from the plane of the other part by about the
thickness of the angle iron.
By slightly inclining the lath to the horizontal web of the angle iron its end
may be passed through one of the slots, and by then depressing the lath on to the
said web it becomes locked to the angle iron, the extreme end of the lath lying
against the under surface of the horizontal web.
That part of the angle iron on which the lath bears may have a depression in it
tapering towards the inner edge of the angle iron, and the end of the lath may
have a similar figure, so that when the laths are connected to the angle iron their
ends lie in the said depressions, and the laths are flush with the angle iron. They
are also more securely attached by the tapering parts described.

page_text: In order to facilitate the punching of the slots in the angle iron I roll a groove
in the upper face of the horizontal web, the said groove extending along the middle
of the said web. I also roll a rib to form the tapered shoulder for the bearing of
the lath.
Plain angle iron may however be used in carrying my Invention into effect.
Where a ribbed angle iron is employed portions may be cut away at the required
intervals, so as to leave projecting portions constituting buttons, with which the
laths may engage either by hooking over them or by having perforations which
take on to the said projections.
The slots described in the angle iron may have projections on their inner edges,
on which projections perforations in the ends of the laths hook on or engage
with.
AN IMPROVED IRONING MACHINE
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles John Maltby Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th November 1878.
CHARLES JOHN MALTBY NEWTON, of Canonbury Square, Islington, in the County
of Middlesex. "AN IMPROVED IRONING MACHINE."
My Invention relates to a machine for ironing linen, and more especially such
articles as cuffs, collars, and shirt fronts, whereby I propose to operate quicker than
is now done by hand, and to put a glaze or polish on the article by the same
process; my machine will offer the additional advantages that no mark of the iron
will be left as in ironing by hand, and that it requires no special skill in the
operator.
I propose to construct my machine with a framing of iron or of wood carrying in
suitable bearings a cylinder of metal or any suitable material, which I cause to
partially revolve or otherwise by a crank, band and pulley, or
other means.
I propose to make this cylinder hollow, to heat it by steam, gas, or other heating
power as may be most convenient, and to place on its exterior a covering of
blanketing or other suitable ironing surface. Above this cylinder I propose to
suspend an iron by means of a lever working with ball and socket joint or by any
suitable mechanical arrangement, so that it may move up and down between guide
rods or otherwise, while always preserving its proper relative position to the
cylinder. I propose to connect the lever or arrangement from which the iron is
suspended with a treadle, which when pressed down will give full leverage to the
iron, causing it to press with as much power as may be desired upon the article to
be ironed which is carried on the cylinder.
I may cause the cylinder to partially revolve by means of the crank worked by
hand, or if steam or other power is available by connecting it by means of toothed
gearing or a band and fast and loose pulley with the treadle operating the iron, so
that when the pressure upon the treadle is relieved and the iron is raised by means
of a spring or otherwise the cylinder will also cease to revolve.
I may make the iron of finely polished steel or other metal or material, of any
suitable shape and dimensions, and heat it by gas, steam, or by placing a hot iron

page_text: or other heater within it, and I propose to make it taper from the top down to the
bottom where it presses upon the article to be ironed.
In ironing I propose to place the shirt front, collar, cuff, or other article upon the
heated cylinder, and then by pressing upon the treadle to bring the heated iron
down upon it, the cylinder by the same or an independent motion being made to
partially revolve, moving the article to be ironed to and fro under the iron until it
is completely ironed, when the foot is removed from the treadle and the article
removed, and so on.
I may arrange my iron so that it may be moved along the cylinder from one
end to the other if required to operate upon a large surface, or I may use a larger
iron.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE RAKES
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Henry Tooley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th June 1878.
EDWIN HENRY TOOLEY, of Dunstable, in the County of Bedford, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE RAKES."
According to this Invention I facilitate the throwing over of the rocking frame
to which the rake teeth are attached or connected by means of one or more
weights suspended pendulum-like from an upright or gallows fixed to the front
of the rocking bar, and so as to be convenient for the driver to act on it. For this
purpose I may fix two uprights to the rocking bar, and provide a cross bar or
spindle on the top of them, and I connect to such cross bar or spindle a pendulum
or weighted rod. When the driver with his foot or feet pushes lightly against this
cross bar, the pendulum will fall forward and give an impetus to the rocking frame,
assisting thereby the throwing over of same.
A check or spring may be attached to the weighted rod to prevent its swinging
too far; or a horizontal bar with a sliding weight may be fixed to the cross bar
instead of the pendulum.
A lever may be connected to the pendulum bar, so that the driver may use
either the foot or the hand.
To fix the rake frame and tines in position, I provide a lever with a catch at its
lower end, which catch takes under the frame. To release the frame for emptying
the load held by the tines, the driver pulls back the lever either by hand or
foot.
For dividing the crop when it is heavy, I provide dividing irons in front of the
travelling wheels and connected to the axle. These irons may be formed similar to
the dividing irons on reaping machines, and are intended to turn over the crop so
as to prevent the wheels running on the same.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES FOR SEWING CARPETTING, SAIL CLOTH, TARPAULIN, SACKING, AND OTHER STRONG OR HEAVY FABRICS AND MATERIALS
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Craig and Richard Holliday at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th July 1878.
JOHN CRAIG, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Machinist, and
RICHARD HOLLIDAY, of Birmingham aforesaid, Machinist. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SEWING MACHINES FOR SEWING CARPETTING, SAIL CLOTH, TARPAULIN, SACKING,
AND OTHER STRONG OR HEAVY FABRICS AND MATERIALS."
Our Invention has reference principally to sewing machines for sewing carpetting
and such other fabrics and materials as are sewn by the parts being joined together
edge to edge, and our said Invention consists of the combination or arrangement of
parts herein-after described, for feeding into and removing from the sewing machine
the carpetting or other material sewn in the said machine.
The weight of the carpetting or material, and the necessity of the accurate
feeding of the two portions to be joined, require special mechanical arrangements
differing essentially from the ordinary feeding mechanism of sewing machines.
In constructing the said feeding and removing mechanism according to our
Invention, we proceed as follows:-We arrange two rollers or drums on parallel
horizontal axes, the upper surfaces of the rollers travelling in the direction in which
the carpetting passes under the needle bar of the machine. The said needle bar is
situated midway between the two rollers; the said rollers are geared together by
two endless bands, by proference of sheet steel, passing over them. These bands are
provided at intervals with ears or side or other projections, which engage in
recesses in the rollers and effectually gear the two rollers together. Each of the
endless bands is provided at short intervals with finely pointed pins or spikes
projecting from their upper or outer surfaces.
The axis of the roller on the delivery side of the machine is provided with a
ratchet wheel with which a pawl engages.
A cam carried by a shaft driven from the principle shaft of the machine is
situated under the said pawl, and on each rotation of the principal shaft and after
the formation of a stitch the said cam lifts the said pawl, and thereby advances the

page_text: delivery roller through the distance of one of the ratchet teeth. There is thus
produced the required intermittent motion in the carpetting.
The carpetting is fed over a table to the first roller, the pointed pins or spikes
of the endless bands entering respectively the two pieces of carpetting as they
pass from the said table. As the sewn carpetting passes on to the delivery table 5
the spikes or pins are withdrawn from it.
In place of the endless bands described, endless chains may be employed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR OPENING RAGS, WASTE, OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Leather and James
Middleton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th October
1878.
JOHN HENRY LEATHER, of Cleckheaton, a partner in the Firm of Peter and
Charles Garnett, of the same Place, Machinists, and JAMES MIDDLETON, of Bradford,
both in the County of York, Overlooker. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF
AND APPARATUS FOR OPENING RAGS, WASTE, OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS.”
The object of our Invention is to open out rags, waste, wool, cotton, or other
fibrous material in such a manner that the threads of the material or the staple
that is being operated upon is not broken into such short lengths, as is the case
when opened by the ordinary method now in common use.
We accomplish our object in the following manner:-In place of the grooved
pressure rollers now in common use for feeding the rags or other fibrous materials
to the fly cylinder of the machine we substitute a cylinder of small diameter, the
periphery of which is studded with a series of pins projecting from the periphery at
an angle to the radial line of the cylinder; this cylinder revolves in suitable
journals, and motion is imparted to it by gearing in a similar manner to the pressure
rollers before described. The material to be operated upon is fed to the small
cylinder by means of the ordinary rollers and apron, similar to those now in
common use for feeding the cylinders of carding engines; when the material is
brought in contact with the pins on the small cylinder it is then passed over the
top side of the small cylinder which is protected by a strong guard, and when the
said material is brought by the small cylinder in contact with the teeth or pegs
fixed on the periphery of the fly cylinder, which revolves in the opposite direction
to the small cylinder, the same takes hold of the material and draws it against the
edge of the before-named guard, and through the pins on the periphery of the small
cylinder, and thus opens the same.

page_text: By application of our improvement to the feeding end of carding engines,
wool, cotton, or other fibrous, materials, or any kind of fibrous waste may be
opened more thoroughly; and pass a greater weight of material through the
machine in the same amount of time than can be accomplished by the ordinary
method.