IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR FLUTING, DICING, CROSS-GRAINING, GLAZING, AND ALL KINDS OF JIGGERED WORK ON SKINS OR HIDES, AND HAVING A SELF-ACTING TABLE AND REVOLVING FRICTION WHEEL OR ROLLER
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Turney, the younger, of the Firm of Messieurs
Turney Brothers, of Sneinton, in the County of Nottingham, Leath r
Dressers, and George Wood, also of Sneinton, in the said County of
Nottingham, Joiner, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR FLUTING, DICING, CROSS-GRAINING, GLAZING,
AND ALL KINDS OF JIGGERED WORK ON SKINS OR HIDES, AND HAVING A
SELF-ACTING TABLE AND REVOLVING FRICTION WHEEL OR ROLLER."
Sealed the 18th July 1865, and dated the 20th January 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Turney and. George
Wood at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 20th January 1865.
We, JOHN TURNEY, the younger, of the Firm of Messieurs Turney Brothers,
of Sneinton, in the County of Nottingham, Leather Dressers, and GEORGE
WOOD, also of Sneinton, in the said. County of Nottingham, Joiner, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR FLUTING, DICING, CROSS-GRAINING, GLAZING, AND ALL
KINDS OF JIGGERED WORK ON SKINS OR HIDES, AND HAVING A SELF-ACTING TABLE
AND REVOLVING FRICTION WHEEL OR ROLLER," to be as follows:-
Our machinery or apparatus comprises a table or platform to receive the
skins or hides to be operated upon, and which table or platform is made to
slide upon a stationary framing, at or near the centre of the length of which

page_text: on each side thereof are secured uprights, which support the ends of a framing
which lies above the table. This framing has a rack on one or both sides near
the top of the table; these racks receive spur wheels secured on either end of a
spindle, upon the centre of which is a wheel or roller having a fluted or plain
surface. The spindle is supported in bearings in a frame capable of adjustment
vertically, and is also capable of being weighted as required. The frame and
wheel have motion imparted to them so that they may be passed across the
table from side to side; for this purpose they are connected to a rod attached
to the upper end of a rocking lever, moved to and fro by a connecting rod
attached to a wheel under the table, mounted on a shaft furnished with pulleys
for receiving a belt from any prime mover. The wheel is also furnished with
two or more trucks, which revolve upon and are carried round with it, and
strike upon the tails of clawkers or drivers which rack or drive two wheels,
one at either end of an axle working in bearings under the table, and lying in
a frame attached to the table. The wheels are toothed, and take into a rack
on each side of the main framing, so that at every revolution of the large
wheel the table or platform and the skin or hide upon it will be twice racked
or moved along the distance of the breadth of the above-named fluted or plain
roller
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed 2
by the said John Turney and George Wood in the Great Scal Patent
Office on the 20th July 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
TURNEY, the younger, of the Firm of Messieurs Turney Brothers, of Sneinton,
in the County of Nottingham, Leather Dressers, and GEORGE WOOD, also of
Sneinton, in the said County of Nottingham, Joiner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by' Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of January, in the year of our Lörd
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year' of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said John Turney and George Wood, 'Her special licence that we, "the said
John Turney and George Wood, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said John Turney and George Wood, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, "and" no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
ار
"

page_text: "
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
EMPLOYED POR FLUTING, DICING, CROSS-GRAINING, GLAZING, AND ALL KINDS OF
JIGGERED WORK ON SKINS OR HIDES, AND HAVING A SELF-ACTING TABLE AND
REVOLVING FRICTION WHEEL OR ROLLER," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said John Turney and George Wood, our executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under our or their hands and seals, or
under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Turney and George Wood, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the accompanying Draw-
ings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :—
Our machinery or apparatus comprises a table or platform to receive the
skins or
bides to be operated upon. This table or platform is made to slide
upon a stationary framing, at or near the centre of the length of which on
each side thereof are secured uprights, which support the ends of a framing
which lies above the table. This framing has a rack on one or both sides
near the top of the table; these racks receive a spur wheel or wheels, secured
on either end of a spindle, upon the centre of which is a wheel or roller
having a plain or fluted surface. The spindle is supported on bearings in a
frame capable of adjustment vertically, and also capable of being weighted as
required. The frame and wheel bave motion imparted to them, so that they
may travel across the table from side to side; for this purpose they are con-
nected with a rod attached to the upper end of a rocking lever moved to and
fro by a connecting rod attached to a wheel under the table, which wheel is
mounted on shaft furnished with pulleys for receiving a belt from any prime
mover. This wheel is also provided with two or more trucks, which revolve
upon and are carried round with it and strike upon the tails of clawkers or
drivers which rack or drive two wheels, one wheel at either end of an axle,
which works in bearings on the under side of the table, and lies in a frame
attached to the table. The wheels are toothed, and take into a rack on each
side of the main framing, s so that at every revolution of the large wheel, the
table or
platform and the skin or hide upon it will be twice racked or moved
along the distance of the breadth of the above-named plain or fluted roller.

page_text: I now proceed with reference to the Drawings more particularly to describe
in what manner the Invention may be performed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is an end view, and Figure 2 a side view of our improved
machine; Figures 3 to 10 inclusively represent parts of the machinery in
detail.
In Figures 1 and 2, A is a stationary framing firmly secured to the floor by
screws, bolts, or like contrivances. The top of the upper side rails of this
framing is planed truly and even, and upon them slide pieces B', which form
part of a framing B, to which is screwed the wood top C of a table or platform.
At the centre of the length of the framing A on each side thereof are
bearings in which a shaft D turns; upon this shaft are secured two toothed
wheels E which gear into two racks F, secured to the under side of the
framing B. On each side of the framing A are two uprights G which support
the ends of a framing H which lies above the table; each side of this framing
H supports an angle plate H', to which is secured a rack H2, each rack
receives a spur wheel H³, shewn in Figures 2, 6, and 7; both these spur
wheels are secured on either end of the spindle H by means of keys; one of
these spur wheels is keyed fast on one end of the spindle, and the other spur
wheel has a key dovetailed fast in it in such manner that the key will slide in
a key way cut in the end of the spindle H. Upon the centre of the length
of this spindle is secured by lock nuts a wood wheel H, which may have a
plain or fluted surface, and may be made of any ordinary forms. The wheels
may be cut of any pattern required, or may have any desired pattern cut on
their surface for the purposes of this Invention. The spindle H is supported
in bearings He, Figure 10, one of which is capable of adjustment vertically by
a set screw and lock nuts to enable the fluting or other wheel H to be set
true with the surface of the table C. The bearings II, Figures 6 and 7, are
held in a frame H7 capable of adjustment vertically; when adjusted it is
held fast in the required position by screws and nuts H. The frame H
is also capable of being weighted as required by means of a weighted bracket
capable of sliding on a lever H, at any desired part of which it may be held
fast by a set screw, or instead of a weighted bracket and lever H we some-
times use a slotted lever H" (seen in plan and end view, Figures 8 and 9)
in place of the lever 11º, and place the weight upon a screwed bolt having its
head shaped to slide in the slot of the lever, so that when the nut is screwed
down the weight will be secured where placed upon the lever. Near the
slotted end of the lever H, or the lever H", we secure a short link H by

page_text: table
means of a pin, and the other end of the link we secure to a jaw projecting
upwards from one end of the frame H7, the other end of the frame H' is
hinged by a pin to a stud attached to or forming part of a frame I, capable of
sliding in recesses on the inside of the framing H. The frame I has a pin
projecting from one end which forms an axle for a screwed link I¹ to turn
upon; the link I'¹ is passed through two plates placed upon and held by two
other links hinged by a pin to the lever H, which is held down by a spring
shewn upon
the screwed link I', by which arrangement the wheel H³ is firmly
held down on to a skin or hide placed upon the table C; when such wheel has
passed over such skin or hide the pressure of the wheel is taken off from the
trucks, which are carried by the lever H°, or by the travel of the lever
Hup the incline or curved upper parts at each end of the framing H.
The frame 1 is caused to slide to and fro across the table C by being hinged
to a connecting link or rod K, attached to the upper end of a rocking lever L,
which is moved to and fro by a connecting rod M attached to it, and also
attached to a wheel N under the table. This wheel N is moved by another
wheel O on a shaft lying in bearings, and provided with a fast-and-loose
pulley P for receiving a belt from any prime mover. The belt is moved on
to either pulley by a forked lever on a rod worked by a hand lever R. The
wheel N is provided with two trucks, which revolve upon and are carried
round with it. These trucks strike upon a cam plate S connected by a link to
a lever T; each end of the link is capable of adjustment to the holes shown in
the cam plate S and lever T, or instead of having holes we sometimes use a
slot in the lever T, and a pin and nut for securing the end of the link where
required. The lever T is secured on a shaft lying in and passing through a
bracket secured to the framing A; at each end of the shaft is secured a lever
U, through each of which levers is passed another shaft, to which either of
the two levers which depend from a rocking frame W can be attached; the
lever which is unattached will slide up and down upon the shaft carried by the
arms or levers U without communicating any motion to the rocking frame
W, motion being communicated to such frame by the attached lever which is
shown in Figure 1, lying behind the unattached one. The upper arm of the
frame W is provided with six pawls or drivers X, thus at every revolution of
the large wheel N the levers U will be lifted and rock the frame W twice,
and at each such movement the table C will be rocked along the distance
required by the wheels E on the shaft D, the shaft D being moved partly
round by one or other of the pawls or drivers X taking into a space in the
toothed wheel Y, which has teeth all round the circumference though only
a few of the teeth are shown. When the table has been racked its entire

page_text: length one way the machine is stopped, the skin or hide. upon which it
has been operating is turned or changed, and before again starting the
machine the drivers X are turned over, the pendant lever connected with the
shaft carried by the levers U is disconnected, and the other lever is connected,
so that a reverse movement of the table is effected. Hence, if a skin is
required to be fluted only one way it will be finished during one passage of
the table, when another skin or hide may be put in its place. The weight
and lever shown in Figure 1, at the back of the levers U, act as a counter-
poise to the levers U, and pendant lever and frame W. Besides the
adjustment in the slots or holes in the lever T and cam plate S, the throw of
the cam plate may be adjusted by a set screw and lock nut as shown in
Figure 1; these act as a stop upon the stud which projects from the side of
the cam plate.
We do not confine ourselves to the shape, configuration, or pattern of the
two fluting wheels or rollers shown at Figures 7 and 10, but we employ
wheels or rollers of any ordinary or desired shape or pattern for the pur-
poses of this Invention, so that such rollers will form lines, or flutes, or
devices nearer to or farther from each other (or of any required pattern);
And we do not confine ourselves to the use of equal spaced fluting, cross
graining, on glazing rollers. We do not deem it necessary to shew a larger
number of patterns than the three represented at Figures 11, 12, and 13,
which shew three patterns out of a greater number which can be produced by
the rollers shewn at Fig. 7.
In Figure 10 is represented a method which may be employed for
securing the rollers upon the spindle H. In this view is shewn a conical
bush in the roller H, which bush fills the conical part of the spindle H+.
The plates H¹ carrying the racks II are supported by arms which pass
upwards through holes made for their reception in both sides of the framing
H, on the upper side of which the arms are capable of being adjusted by the
lock nuts. The skin or hide to be operated upon is held down and prevented
from slipping about upon the table C by two rollers Z free to turn in
bearings, the stems of which pass through holes made for their reception in
both sides of the framing H, above which the stems of the bearings are
secured in each end of a bar Z', which bar in the centre of its length carries
a pin, on which is placed the upper end of a link, which is attached to a hand
lever Z. By these levers the rollers may be raised or depressed, one or both
of the rollers being pressed upon the skin or hide as required. Figure 3
is a plan, and Figure 4, a sido view of the framing B to which the table C is
screwed. Slots are cast in the framing to allow for the shrinking of the

page_text: table C. A portion of one of the racks F is shown attached to the framing
in its proper position. Figure 5 is a front view of the rocking lever L above
referred to.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same may be performed, we declare that we claim, the arrangement and
combination of parts constituting the improved machinery or apparatus herein-
before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Wood, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
Witness,
GEO. JON. ROBINSON,
Patent Office,
Nottingham.
GEORGE WOOD. (L.S.)