IMPROVEMENTS IN WAGONS AND IN APPARATUS FOR DISTRIBUTING MANURE
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Greig, of India Buildings, in the City of
Edinburgh, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WAGONS AND IN
APPARATUS FOR DISTRIBUTING MANURE."
Sealed the 21st May 1875, and dated the 12th December 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Greig at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th December 1874.
I, GEORGE GREIG, of India Buildings, in the City of Edinburgh, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WAGONS AND IN APPARATUS FOR DISTRIBUTING MANURE," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in waggons and in
apparatus to distribute manure.
In order that the body of a waggon may be capable of tipping to
discharge the load more conveniently than heretofore I form the body
separate from the bed frame of the waggon, and arrange it to run upon
rails and friction wheels, by preference in a transverse direction, although
for some purposes it may be in a longitudinal direction. In this way
the body can be moved on the bed frame until the centre of gravity

page_text: overhangs, and it will then tip and discharge the load to one side or end,
as the case may be.
Suitable guides and stops are provided to control and limit the motion
of the body, and locking apparatus is provided to hold the body securely
whilst travelling.
For the purpose of distributing manure I arrange at the lower part
of a hopper or other recipient for the manure a barrel, which is caused
to revolve, and this barrel has pins on its surface, which as it revolves
catch the manure and draw it forward continuously to the point where
it is delivered on to the land. Such an arrangement of a barrel with
projections has before been employed, but heretofore the projections
have been fixed, and they have been found to interfere with the necessary
cleaning of the barrel by the scraper which is provided for the purpose,
and by the action of the scraper the projections have rapidly been worn
away. Now I make the pins movable, and connect them all with an
eccentric or eccentrics contained within the barrel, which as the barrel
revolves withdraws the pins before they pass the point at which the
scraper acts against the surface of the barrel. Thus the barrel at the
point where the scraper acts has a plain smooth surface, which is readily
cleaned, and the pins themselves are cleaned by the operation of with-
drawing them through the periphery of the barrel. As the pins come
round to the position where they are required to take hold of the manure
they are again protruded. The eccentric or eccentrics may be adjustable
to regulate the delivery.
"
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, 2
filed by the said George Greig in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 12th June 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
GREIG, of India Buildings, in the City of Edinburgh, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her 30
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said George Greig, Her special

page_text: license that I, the said George Greig, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said George Greig, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
the
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WAGONS AND IN APPARATUS FOR DISTRIBUTING MANURE," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said George Greig, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent. .
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Greig, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to bo
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :—
This Invention has for its object improvements in wagons and in
apparatus for distributing manure.
In order that the body of a wagon may be capable of tipping to
discharge the load more conveniently than heretofore I form the body
separate from the bed frame of the wagon, and arrange it to run upon
rails and friction wheels in a transverse direction. In this way the body
can be moved on the bed frame until the centre of gravity overhangs
and it will then tip and discharge the load to one side or end, as the case
may be.
Suitable guides and stops are provided to control and limit the motion
of the body, and locking apparatus is provided to hold the body securely
whilst travelling.
}
Figure 1 is a side view, partly in section, and Figure 2 is an end view
of a wagon constructed according to this part of my Invention. It is
such a wagon as is suitable to form one of a train to be drawn by a
traction engine.
a, a, are the wheels and axles carrying the bed frame b, on which arc
laid transverse rails a', a¹. They are turned up at their onds as tho

page_text: Drawing shows. c is the body of the wagon; it is provided at the ends.
with small wheels d, d, capable of running on the rails a¹. Racks are
also fixed on the under side of the body, and pinions e on an axis carried
on the frame b gear with these racks. The body of the wagon is secured
in position for travelling by latches f. When it is desired to tip the
body and shoot out the load the latches are lifted and the axis of the
pinions e is turned by means of crank handles applied at its ends.
The body is thus run over to one side of the bed frame b until the
leading wheels d are stopped by the turned up ends of the rails a'.
The body then tilts into the position indicated by the dotted lines, and
the chains g, g, check it when it has reached a proper inclination.
When the load has been discharged the body of the wagon is returned
to its original position, and secured by means of the latches. Railway
wagons may be similarly constructed.
For the purpose of distributing manure I arrange at the lower part of
a hopper or other recipient for the manure a barrel, which is caused to
revolve, and this barrel has pins on its surface, which as it revolves
catch the manure and draw it forward continuously to the point where
it is delivered on to the land. Such an arrangement of a barrel with
projections has before been employed, but heretofore the projections
have been fixed, and they have been found to interfere with the necessary
cleaning of the barrel by the scraper which is provided for the purpose,
and by the action of the scraper the projections have rapidly been worn
away. Now I make the pins moveable, and connect them all with an
eccentric or eccentrics contained within the barrel, which as the barrel
revolves withdraws the pins before they pass the point at which the
scraper acts against the surface of the barrel. Thus the barrel at the
point where the scraper acts has a plain smooth surface, which is readily
cleaned, and the pins themselves are cleaned by the operation of with-
drawing them through the periphery of the barrel. As the pins come
round to the position where they are required to take hold of the manure
they are again protrúded. The eccentric or eccentrics may be adjustable
to regulate the delivery.
Figure 3 shows an elevation, partly in section, of one of the hoppers
and delivering barrels of a manure distributer constructed according to
my Invention; Figure 4 is a transverse section of the same; Figure 5 is
a longitudinal section full size of two of the delivering barrels with their

page_text: axis; Figure 6 is a section taken on the line 1, 1, Figure 5; Figure 7 is
a section taken on the line 2, 2, Figure 5.
a and b are axes carried in bearings on the frame of the implement;
and driven from the main carrying wheels; c, c, are wooden cylinders
forming part of the manure hoppers or recipients, of which the imple-
ment carries several, the number being more or less according to the
distance apart of the furrows in which the manure is to be deposited
and the width of the implement. d, d, are covers or ends to the
cylinders c; they are fixed on the axis a and revolve with it, and so
keep the contents of the manure recipients or hoppers in constant
movement; c¹, c¹, are projections or teeth fixed within the hoppers;
c, e, are the mouths by which the manure is introduced; and ƒ, ƒ, the
orifices by which it is delivered. Beneath the orifices are the barrels g;
they are fixed upon the axis b. The eccentrics h, h, are loose on the
same axis; and h¹, h', are arms projecting from the eccentrics to carry
the scraper or cleaner i; k, k, are the pins or projections of the rollers;
they are carried by arms radiating from rings which encircle the
eccentrics h; thus as the pins or projections are carried round with the
barrels the eccentrics cause them to protrude from the face of
the barrel at the point opposite the scraper i, and to be drawn back flush
with the face of the barrel as they pass tho scraper.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, I would have it understood that I claim
as my improvements in wagons the construction of side tipping wagons
substantially as described.
I also claim as my improvements in apparatus for distributing manuro
the combination with the hopper or recipient for the manure of a barrel
with pins or projections capable of being protruded and withdrawn, and
provided with a scraper or cleaner, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Greig, have hereunto sot
my hand and seal, this Tenth day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.