Improvements in Chemical Fire-extinguishing Apparatus.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Apr., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 17th Jan., 1890-Accepted, 1st Mar., 1890
TRUVIDIONAL
DEPUIFICATION.
Improvements in Chemical Fire-extinguishing Apparatus.
I, JAMES HASLAM of 158 Bradford Street Bolton in the County of Lancaster,
Chemical Fire Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in what are known as hermetically sealed
and other chemical fire extinguishers, in which a case or vessel containing water in
solution with a carbonate or alkaline compound and a bottle containing acid are
employed, and consists in constructing them of such materials and in such a manner
as to reduce the price of manufacturing to a minimum, so as to place them within
the reach of all classes who desire to minimise or reduce the loss arising from the
destructive power of fire. The case or vessel forming the extinguisher can be made of
suitable metallic materials, such as, tinned sheet irón, copper, and others, in a straight
cylindrical, or in a conical form, provided either at the top or bottom end with means
for breaking the acid bottle mounted therein. The acid bottle can be carried from
a tube or its equivalent extending from either end of the extinguisher case or
otherwise, mounted and secured therein in any convenient manner. Through the
tube carrying the acid bottle passes a rod or tube attached to an india-rubber ring or
washer suitably mounted in the case of the extinguisher, or a lead, copper, tinned
iron, or other pliable washer, either concaved, convexed, or straight, attached to one
end of the extinguisher case. The space between the outside of the centre rod or
tube and the inside of the outer tube can be filled with paraffin wax or other
analogous substance, for the purpose of supporting or packing the rod or tube,
and to make a water or pressure tight joint. The rod or tube extends through the
india-rubber, lead or other ring or washer to the outside of the extinguisher, and
is provided with a knob or its equivalent, which is struck when it is desired or
necessary to break the acid bottle. When the knob or its equivalent is struck, for
the purpose of breaking the acid bottle, the india-rubber, lead, or other ring or
washer yields and allows the rod or tube to operate on the acid bottle. The rod
or tube or the washer employed therewith for breaking the acid bottle can be
operated by an eccentric, screw, or other equivalents, in which case the striking of
the knob or its equivalent is dispensed with. The extinguisher is fitted internally
with a pipe for discharging the contents through a nozzle on the outside when the
acid bottle is broken and gas generated. The outer end of the outlet pipe can be
provided with or without a tab or cock. If a tap or cock is provided it can be
constructed so that when the plug or the body of the tap or cock is swivelled or
rotated it will operate eccentrically on the rod or tube and break the acid bottle. If
desired the extinguisher can be constructed and the attachments or appendages so
arranged that when not in use it will be standing or hanging upside down, with the
protruding rod or tube extending through its upper end, which, will place the inner
end of the outlet pipe above the water level, and allow vapour to escape as it is
generated through the heat of the room or other place the extinguisher may be
located in, thus preventing the liquid being forced out through the outlet pipe when
the extinguisher is not in use. To effect this in extinguishers not hung or standing
wrong side up, and where an india-rubber ring is attached to the breaking rod or
tube, a hole is provided in the said ring to allow any vapour that may be created to
pass through the space or cavity between the breaking rod or tube and the case or
end of the extinguisher. The breaking rod or tube with its attachments for breaking
the acid bottle can be placed in the extinguisher case either vertically, diagonally, or
horizontally

page_text: The inlet to the extinguisher case can be stoppered with a plug of cork or other
analogous substances to seal the same, being secured or tied therein by means of wire
or other suitable materials. Through the cork or other analogous substances passes a
rod or tube for breaking the acid bottle when struck on the outside.
Any of the aforesaid appliances for breaking the acid bottle can be mounted on a
screw cap, hinged, or other inlet cover.
Dated the 15th of April 1889.
EDMUND CHADWICK,
Agent.
BUITICAL IN/IN.
Improvements in Chemical Fire-extinguishing Apparatus.
I, JAMES HASLAM of 158 Bradford Street, Bolton in the County of Lancaster,
Chemical Fire Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:--
This invention relates to improvements in what are known as hermetically sealed
and other chemical fire extinguishers, in which a case or vessel containing water in
solution with a carbonate or alkaline compound and a bottle containing acid are
employed, and consists in constructing them of such materials and in such a manner as
to reduce the price of manufacturing to a minimum, so as to place them within the reach
of all classes who desire to minimise or reduce the loss arising from the destructive power
of fire. The case or vessel forming the extinguisher can be made of suitable metallic
materials, such as, tinned sheet iron, copper, and others, in a straight cylindrical, or
in a conical form, provided either at the top or bottom end with means for breaking
the acid bottle mounted therein. The acid bottle can be carried from a tube or its
equivalent extending from either end of the extinguisher case or otherwise, mounted
and secured therein in any convenient manner. Through the tube carrying the acid
bottle passes a rod or tube attached to a lead, copper, tinned iron, or other pliable
washer, either concaved, convexed, or straight, attached to one end of the extinguisher
case. The rod or tube extends through the lead, or other ring or washer to the out-
side of the extinguisher, and is provided with a knob or its equivalent, which is struck
when it is desired or necessary to break the acid bottle. When the knob or its
equivalent is struck, for the purpose of breaking the acid bottle, the lead, or other
ring or washer yields and allows the rod or tube to operate on the acid bottle. The
rod or tube or the washer employed therewith for breaking the acid bottle can be
operated by an eccentric, screw, or other equivalents, in which case the striking of
the knob or its equivalent is dispensed with. The extinguisher is fitted internally
with a pipe for discharging the contents through a nozzle on the outside when the
acid bottle is broken and gas generated If desired the extinguisher can be
constructed and the attachments or appendages so arranged that when not in use
it will be standing or hanging upside down, with the protruding rod
or tube
extending through its upper end,, which, will place the inner end of the outlet pipe
above the water level, and allow vapor to escape as it is generated through the heat
of the room or other place the extinguisher may be located in, thus preventing the
liquid being forced out through the outlet pipe when the extinguisher is not in use.
The breaking rod or tube with its attachments for breaking the acid bottle can be
placed in the extinguisher case either vertically, diagonally, or horizontally. Any of
the aforesaid appliances for breaking the acid bottle can be mounted on a screw cap,
hinged, or other inlet cover.
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of one modification of my improved hermetically
sealed fire-extinguisher when not in action-Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of Fig. 1
with the acid bottle broken and the extinguisher in action-Fig. 3 is a sectional plan
through line A¹ B¹ in Fig. 2-Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of my improved fire-
extinguisher wherein the acid bottle is broken by means of a screw-Fig. 5 is a part

page_text: sectional elevation provided with an eccentric for breaking the acid bottle-Fig. 6 is
a plan of Fig. 5-Figs. 7 and 8 are part sectional elevations of other arrangements
of my invention for breaking the acid bottle, and Fig. 9 is a part sectional elevation
of Fig. 1 with a glass shield over the operating part of the extinguisher.
In all the figures the same letters are employed to indicate corresponding parts.
A is the case or vessel forming the hermetically sealed extinguisher made of suitable
metallic materials, such as, tinned sheet iron, copper, and others, and can be con-
structed in a straight cylindrical, or in a conical form as shown on the drawings.
The case or vessel A is provided with the sealed ends B and C. To the inside of the
end C is soldered the tube, support, or frame D prepared to carry the acid bottle E at
its lower end. Through the acid bottle support or frame passes the rod or tube F,
which extends to the upper side or nearly so of the acid bottle E to prevent the latter
falling from its support while intact. The upper end of the rod or tube F is attached
to the pliable washer G composed of either lead, copper, tinned iron, or other suitable
metallic materials. The washer G can be concaved or convexed as in Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5,
and 9, or straight as in Figs. 7 and 8. The rod or tube F extends through the
washer G to the outside of the extinguisher and is provided with the knob H. The
extinguisher case or vessel A is fitted internally with the pipe K. for discharging the
contents through the nozzle L on the outside when the acid bottle E is broken and
gas generated. When the extinguisher is not in use it hangs or stands upside down
as in Fig. 1 with the protruding rod or knob H extending through its upper end.
When the extinguisher is hanging or standing as in Fig. 1 the inner end of the
outlet pipe K is above the water. level as shown, which allows vapor to escape down
the same and away through the nozzle L as it is generated through the heat of the
room or other place the extinguisher may be located in, thus preventing the liquid
being forced out through the outlet pipe K and nozzle L when the extinguisher is
not in use.
In another arrangement I solder the metallic cap C to the case or vessel A, the
former being provided with the hole Z through which protrudes the knob H attached
to the lead or other pliable washer G and rod F as in Fig. 7.
Fig. 8 is an arrangement wherein the acid bottle E is supported by the frame D
and held in position vertically by the end of the tube F¹. The frame D and the
tube F are secured to the sealed end C. To the upper end of the enlarged part of
the tube F is soldered the lead or pliable washer G. On the upper side of the latter
is mounted the rod F and knob H as shown.
To prevent the extinguisher being tampered with so as not to be useless when
required for the purpose of extinguishing fire I provide the end C with the glass
cover M disposed over the knob H as shown in Fig. 9. The glass cover M is secured
under the projecting rim N in any convenient manner. The object of the glass
cover M is to indicate whether the knob H has been struck or not, for in case it is
broken it may be assumed that it has been operated and the extinguisher is useless
for the purpose of extinguishing fire until re-charged.
This extinguisher is operated in the following manner: When the knob H is
struck or pressed down the lead or pliable washer G yields and allows the rod or
tube F or the washer G itself to operate on and break the acid bottle E, after which
the extinguisher is turned over, being held by the handle P while the contents are
discharged through the pipe K and nozzle L as in Fig. 2. After the contents of the
extinguisher have been discharged the end C is sweated off to depress the lead or
pliable washer G to its normal position, and to fix a fresh acid bottle, after which the
end C with its appendages are secured in position.
If desired the knob H can be substituted by the screw R mounted in the boss T on
the end C as. shown in Fig. 4, or by the eccentric R and lever U as in Figs. 5 and 6.
The screw R and the eccentric when operated depresses the lead or pliable washer G
and the rod or tube F and breaks the acid bottle E. The eccentric R and lever U
are mounted on the pín V held in the bearings W secured to the end C of the
extinguisher.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. The combination with hermetically sealed chemical fire extinguishers of the lead
or other pliable washer G, rod or tube F, knob H, and support D arranged and
combined together substantially in the manner herein before described and shown in
Figs. 1, 2, 3, 7 and 9 of the drawings for the purpose of breaking the acid bottle E by
fracture by depressing the lead or other pliable washer G.
2. The combination with hermetically sealed chemical fire extinguishers of the lead
or other pliable washer G, rod F, knob H, tube F1, and support D arranged and
combined together substantially in the manner herein before described and shown in
Fig. 8 of the drawing for the purpose of breaking the acid bottle E by fracture by
depressing the lead or other pliable washer G.
3. The combination with hermetically sealed chemical fire extinguishers of the lead
or other pliable washer G, rod or tube F, screw R, and support D substantially as
described and shown on the drawings in Fig. 4 for the purpose of breaking the acid
bottle. E by fracture by depressing the lead or other pliable washer G.
4. The combination with hermetically sealed chemical fire extinguishers of the lead
or other pliable washer G, rod or tube F, eccentric R, lever U, and support D
substantially as described and shown on the drawings in Figs. 5 and 6 for the purpose
of breaking the acid bottle E by fracture by depressing the lead or other pliable
washer G.
5. In combination with chemical fire extinguishers operating with a carbonate
solution and an acid the use of the lead or other pliable metallic washer G secured to
the end or cap C or tube F1 substantially as described and shown on the drawings for
the purpose specified.
6. In chemical fire extinguishers operating with a carbonate solution and an acid
the respective combinations and arrangement of parts substantially as described and
as shown on the drawings.
Dated the 14th Tannom 1800
EDMUND CHADWICK,
Agent.