Year: 1896

page_text: we may proceed as follows in forming partial negatives from the subdivided
positive; we place upon the subdivided positive, a screen subdivided into differently
colored areas, corresponding to and registering with those of the positive, as in the
fundamental colours of the spectrum, red, green, and blue-violet, and we interpose
between the sensitive film and the light, general or monochrome screens of such
nature that two of the partial-images of the subdivided positive will be stopped
out, while the light will pass through the general screen, the subdivided screen, and
the remaining partial-image of the subdivided positive to the sensitive film.
Different general screens are employed to obtain the different partial images.
Since the work of forming the partial-positives, or partial-negatives, can be done
in the photographic studio, or in-doors, it is practically one and the same thing
whether one employ the black and white screen or the particoloured screens and
the monochrome screens, to stop out the partial-images, for in the latter cases light
only penetrates the combined screens in the desired places, and is stopped elsewhere,
just as with the black and white screen.
While the case of a photographic subdivided representation (positive or
negative), composed of three differing partial-images, has been taken as an
example, it is not to be understood that the invention is confined to such a case,
for in some cases but two colours are wanted, as in "mounts" for microscopes, and
in other cases more than three colours are wanted; in these cases, the taking
screen above described may he ruled or covered with two, or more than three,
transparent colours, and the black and white screen would be ruled or covered in a
corresponding manner.
Again, while a black and white screen is above described, instead of black or
opaque areas, one may employ areas which merely retard the action of light in such
wise that the light passing through the white areas will bave finished its work,
before the light through the retarding or obscuring areas will have had time to
injuriously affect the sensitive film.
In those cases wherein the transparent pigments are placed on the taking screens
in equal areas, the opaque and transparent screen (or the equivalent described)
may be used in obtaining prints from all the partial images; when the said areas
of the taking screen are not equal, a separate black and white screen for each
partial image may be required, if such screen is used.
1100c
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicants.
Producing Printing Surfaces by the Aid of Photography.
Wo CHARLES LOUIS ADRIEN BRASSEUR. Medical Student, and SEBASTIEN
PASCAL SAMPOLO, Civil Engineer, both of No. 10 East 15th Street, New York
City, State of New York, United States of America, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to produco printing-surfaces from a photograph
from nature or artists' work for colur-printing, whereby a print or engraving may
be made which shall represent, as far as may be, the shading and colors of the
original.
Heretofore, in producing printing-surfaces for this purpose, it has been customary
to make three several negatives of the object by sifting the light therefrom through
or by means of three several monochrome screens. To the eye, these screens are

page_text: respectively yellowish-green, violet-blue and reddish-orange, though no fixed shade
or tint of those colors is universally employed, for each operator appears to select
these colors according to his judgment. From the three negatives made as
described, each of which differs from an ordinary negative of the same object only
by the suppression of the action of certain wave-Jengths or light of nature, the
separate printing-surfaces are made in several well-known manners. The printing-
surfaces may be of gelatine, or half-tone plates, or the like, and from them
impressions are taken in yellow, red and blue inks upon paper, say, the impressions
being superposed in register. By the superposition of these colors, or some of
them, in certain parts of the picture, the various mixtures and shadings of color
are produced.
As our invention may be comprehended best if explained in connection with a
drawing showing how it is carried out, we will so explain it.
In the accompanying drawing, forming part of this specification,
Figure 1 is a faco view illustrating a parti-colored screen T, ruled in lines;
Figure 2 is an enlarged or detail view of part of the screen shown in Figure 1:
Figure 3 is an edge view of the screen T and a plate having a sousitive film N
thereon;
Figure 4 is a diagrammatic view showing the film N and screen T in a camera
in readiness for exposure to take a photograph;
Figure 5 is a view illustrative of the appearance of a photograph taken through
a screen T, or by the method illustrated in Figure 6;
Figure 6 is a diagrammatic view showing how a photograph may be made in a
camera by the use of an opaque and transparent screen G, and monochrome
screens; and
Figure 7 is a like view illustrative of our method of forming a photographic
priut from any one of differing partial images forming a photographic representation
of an object.
According to our invention, we employ but one negative of the object, whether
nature or artists' work, and we proceed as follows: A sensitive film N, sensitized s
far as may be for the visible rays of the spectrum, is exposed under and in close
contact with a taking screen T having minute, closely adjacent or adjoining areas
of transparent colors of the required or desired light-selecting absorption powers.
These minute areas of colors on the taking screen may be of irregular shape and
be irregularly distributed thereon, but we prefer to have these minute areas in the
form of straight parallel lines t, 1, 2, running, say, 200 or more to the inch; or
they may be in the form of dote or geometrical figures. Every third line tor
area is of a transparent yellowish-green color; every third line again is of a
transparent violet-blue color; and every third lino again is of a transparent
reddish-orange color. It will be observed that these lines correspond in colors to
the monochrome screens above described in conjunction with the old processes.
The subdivided negative may also be formed as follows: A screen G ruled in
black (opaque) and white (transparent) lines with the black lines at least twice as
wide as the white, may he laid upon the sensitive film with its ruled side there-
against and the whole be placed in a camera with the surecu toward the lens.
The screen G is movable upon three successive positions and exposures are made
for each of said positions, three several monochrome screens-M (yellowish-green,
violet-blue, and reddish-orange, respectively,) being used separately and succes-
sively one for each of said positions. The subdivided negative thus formed is
similar to the subdivided negative formed under the parti-colored screen above
described.
From the subdivided negatives so made (or made from a subdivided positive),
we may form separate or independent printing-surfaces, one from and for each
partial-image, using the black and white screen G above described. This screen G
is so arranged relatively to the linear areas of the negative that the opaque lines
thereof cover or stop out two of the partial-images as by lying parallel to, over and
in contact with the linear areas of the negative containing them, while the white

page_text: lines expose the third partial-image. We place a sensitive film in contact with the
negative or screen and expose in the well-known manner to obtain the print; in
this case, the light may be diffused over the sensitive film by the screen, and the
print thus made be practically continuous (that is, not be separated into linear
areas by blauk spaces). We prefer, however, to place the screen G and negative
and the sensitized film in an enlarging and reducing or other camera (see Figure 7)
and expose the film therein to make the print; in this case, the negative and
screen and the plate carrying the sensitive film are in parallol planes, and the
negative and screen, or the plate carrying the sensitive film, or both, may be moved
upon three successive positions in the plane or planes thereof in a direction
preferably at right angles to the black and white lines of the screen, to expose
new or additional areas of the print-film to the action of the light from or through
the exposed partial-image. That is to say, the exposed partial-image appears on
a focussing plate as in a series of lines separated by blank spaces; of course, the
actinic action in the sensitive film is practically confined to similar lines; if it is
desired to have the print occupy more than the areas of the lines, tho relative
motion of the parts is employed to expose new or additional areas of the print-film.
It is obvious that prints for and from each partial-image of the negative may be
made in a like manner. Instead of the relative motion of the print-film and the
negative and screen, we may expose all or the desired parts of the print-film to the
action of light from or through the exposed partial-image by having the print-film
very slightly out of focus. From the positive partial-images so obtained, we
procced by any suitable or usual and well-known method to produce tho required
printing-surfaces or blocks. The reference letters O, Yg, B, indicate the linear
areas of the photograph which respectively correspond to the lines t, t', ', or the
inonochrome screens of corresponding colors.
We may also proceed as follows in forming the partial-positives from the sub-
divided negative: After developing the negative, we may place the taking screen
upon it with the green lines thereof over and in contact with the areas of the
negative formed under such lines, and so of the other colored lines of the screen
and the corresponding areas of the negative. We proceed either by contact
printing or by means of a camera to form the separate positive-images, interposing,
however, between the sensitive film and the light a general or monochrome screen,
a separate one for each partial-image. Thus, if a positive corresponding to the
red rays from the object originally photographed be desired, the general screen so
interposed, combined with the taking screen, should only permit, so far as may be,
the passage of light or wave-lengths through those areas of the negative formed
and lying under the yellowish-green lines of the screen. Similarly, other general
or nonochroine screens are employed singly in conjunction with the taking screen
when obtaining partial-positives corresponding to the other colors.
It is obvious that in forming the positive partial-innges as above described, we
may employ the well-known lined or cross-lined screens commonly used in the half-
tone processes, so-called; or the use of the latter screens may be deferred to a
subsequent step in the operation of forming printing-surfaces.
It is not to be understood that our invention is limited to the production of
partial-positives from a subdivided negative, for we may form a subdivided positive
from the subdivided negative, aud from such positive for partial-negatives by tho
method above described, wherein the black and white screen is employed, the
procedure being the same, aud the result differing only in that we obtain partial-
negatives instond of partial-positives. From such partial-negatives we may obtain
printing-surfaces in any of the usual and well-known ways. We may employ, if
we so desire, at any suitable stage, the lined or cross-lined screens commonly used
in the half-tone processes, so-called. As in the case of the subdivided negative, we
may proceed as follows in forming the partial-negatives from the subdivided
positive: We place upon the subdivided positive a screen subdivided into differently
colored areas corresponding to and registeriug with those of the positive, as in the
fundamental colors of the spectrum-red, green and blue-violet-interpose between

page_text: the sensitive film and the light, general or monochrome screens of such nature that
two of the partial-images of the subdivided positive will be stopped out, while the
light will pass through the general screen, the subdivided screen, and the remaining
partial-image of the subdivided-positive to the sensitive film. Different colored
general screens are employed to obtain the different partial-images.
Since the work of forming the partial-positives or partial-negatives can be done
in the photographic studio or indoors, it is practically one and the same thing
whether one employs the black and white screen or the parti-colored screens and
the monochrome screens to stop out the partial-images, for in the latter cases light
only penetrates the combined screens in the desired pluces and is stopped elsewhere,
just as with the black and white screen.
While the case of a photographic subdivided representation (positive or negative)
composed of three differing partial-images has been taken as an example, it is not
to be understood that the invention is confined to such a case, for in some cases but
two colors are wanted, as in "mounts" for microscopes, and in other cases more
thau three colors are wanted; in these cases, the taking screen above described
may be ruled or covered with two, or more than three, transparent colors, and the
black and white screen would be ruled or covered in a corresponding mauner.
Again, while a black and white screen is above described, instead of black or
opaque areas, one may employ areas which merely retard the action of light in
such wise that the light passing through the white areas will have finished its work
before the light through the retanling or obscuring areas will have had time to
injuriously affect the sensitive film.
In those cases wheroin the transparent tints or colours are placed on the taking
sareens in equal areas, the opaque and transparent screen (or the equivalent
described) may be used in obtaining prints from all the partial-images; when the
said areas of the taking screen are not equal, a separate black and white screen for
each partial-image may be required, if such screen is used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we wish it to be
understood that we make no claim to the use of either the taking screen T, or the
black and white screen G, per se, or apart from the above described process, but
we claim is:-
1. In the manufacture of printing surfaces for colour printing from a photograph
of nature or artists' work, the process above described of making a subdivided
photographic representation composed of differing partial images, in side by side
areas of the representation, then producing photographically a separate partial
print for and from each partial image, from which partial prints, printing blocks
or surfaces may be obtained.
2. The process of forming a photographic print from any one of differing partial
images, constituting parts of a subdivided photographic representation of a multi-
colored object, and formed or lying in side by side areas of the representation,
which consists in forming a print of the desired partial image by means of the
action of light from or through the chosen partial image, and through a screen
baving side by side areas respectively light-retarding or opaque, and light-trans-
mitting, the transmitting areas thereof exposing the chosen partial image, and the
retarding or opaque areas thereof obscuring or stopping out the remainder of the
said partial images during the printing, substantially as described.
3. The process of forming a photographic print from any one of differing partial
images, constituting parts of a subdivided photographic representation of a multi-
colored object, and lying in side-by-side areas of the representation, which consists
in forming a print of the desired partial image by means of the action of light from
or through the chosen partial image, and through a screen having side-by-side
areas respectively light-retarding or opaque and light-transmitting, the transmitting
areas thereof exposing the chosen partial image, and the retarding or opaque areas
thereof obscuring or stopping out the remainder of the said partial images during

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Apr., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 18th Jan., 1897-Accepted, 27th Feb., 1897
Producing Printing Surfaces by the Aid of Photography.
We CHARLES LOUIS ADRIEN BRASSEUR, Medical Student, and SEBASTIEN
PASOAL SAMPOLO, Civil Engineer, both of No. 10 East 15th Street, New York
City, State of New York, United States of America, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to produce printing surfaces from a photograph
from nature or artists' work for color printing, whereby a print or engraving may
be made which shall represent, as far as may be, the shading and colors of the
original.
Heretofore, in producing printing surfaces for this purpose, it has been customary
to make three several negatives of the object, by sifting the light therefrom,
through or by means of three several monochrome screens. To the eye, these
screens are respectively yellowish-green, violet-blue, and reddish-orange, though no
fixed shade or tint of these colors is universally employed, for each operator
appears to select these colors according to his judgment. From the three negatives.
made as described, each of which differs from an ordinary negative of the same
object only by the suppression of the action of certain wave lengths, or light of
nature, the separate printing surfaces are made in several well known manners.
The printing surfaces may be of gelatine, or half tone plates or the like, and from
them impressions are taken in yellow, red, and blue inks, upon paper, say, the
impressions being superposed in register. By the superposition of these colors, or
some of them, in certain parts of the picture, the various mixtures and shadings.
of color are produced.
According to our invention, we employ but one negative of the object, whether
nature or artists' work, and wo proceed as follows:-A sensitive film, sensitized as
far as may be for the visible rays of the spectrum, is exposed under and in close
contact with a faking screen having minute closely adjacent or adjoining areas of
transparent colors of the required or desired light selecting absorption powers.
These minute areas of colors on the taking screen may be of irregular shape, and
be irregularly distributed thereon, but we prefer to have these minute areas in the
form of straight parallel lines, running, say, 20 or more to the iuch, or they may
be in the form of dots or geometrical figures. Every third line or area is of a
transparent yellowish-green color; every third line, again, is of a transparent
violet-blue color; and every third line, again, is of a transparent reddish-orange
color. It will be observed that theso lines correspond in colors to the monochrome
screens above described in conjunction with the old processes.
The subdivided negative may also be formed as follows:-A screen ruled in
black (opaque) and white (transparent) lines, with the black linea at least twice as
wide as the white, may be laid upon the sensitive film, with its ruled side there-
against, and the whole he placed in a camera with the screen toward the lens. The
screen is movable upon three successive positions, and exposures are made for each
of said positions, three several monochrome screens being used separately and
successively, one for each of said positions. The subdivided negative thus formed
is similar to the subdivided pegative, formed under the particolored screen above
described.

page_text: From the subdivided negatives so made (or made from a subdivided positive),
we may form separate or independent printing surfaces, one from and for. cach
partial image, using the black and white screen above described. This screen is so
arranged relatively to the linear areas of the negative, that the opaque lines thereof
cover or stop out two of the partial images, as by lying parallel to, over, and in
contact with, the linear areas of the negative containing thein, while the white
lines expose the third partial image. We place a sensitive film in contact with the
negative or screen, and expose in the well known manner, to obtain the print; in
this case, the action of the light may be diffused ovor the sensitive film by the
screen, and the print thus made be practically continuous (that is, not be separated
into linear areas by blank spaces). We prefer, however, to place the screen and
negative and the sensitized film in an enlarging and reducing or other camera, and
expose the film therein to make the print; in this case, the negative, and scroen
and the plate carrying the sensitive film, are in parallel planes, and the negative
and screen or the plate carrying the sensitive film, or both, may be moved upon
three successive positions in the plane or planes thereof, in a direction preferably
at right angles to the black and white lines of the screen, to expose new or
additional areas of the print film to the action of the light from or through the
exposed partial image. That is to say, the exposed partial image appears on a
focussing plate, as in a series of lines separated by blank spaces; of course, the
actinic action in the sensitive is practically confined to similar lines; if it is desired
to have the print occupy more than the areas of the lines, the relative motion of
the parts is employed to expose new or additional areas of the print-film. It is
obvious that prints for and from each partial-image of the negative may be made
in a like manner. Instead of the relative motion of the print film and the negative
and screen, we may expose all, or the desired parts, of the print-film to the action
of light from or through the exposed partial image, by having the print film very
slightly out of focus. From the positive partial images so obtained, we proceed,
by any suitable or usual and well-known methods, to produce the required printing
surfaces or blocks.
We may also proceed as follows in forming the partial positives from the sub-
divided negative:-After developing the negative, we may place the taking goreen
upon it, with the green lines thereof over and in contact with the areas of the
negative formed under such lines, and so of the other colored lines of the screen,
and the corresponding areas of the negative. We proceed either by contact
printing, or by means of a camera, to form the separate positive-images, inter-
posing, however, between the sensitive film and the light, a general or mononbrome
screen, a separate one for each partial image. Thus, if a positive corresponding to
the red rays from the object originally photographed be desired, the general screen
so interposed, combined with the taking screen, should only permit, so far as may
be, the passage of light, or wave-lengths, through those areas of the negative
formed and lying under the yellowish-green lines of the screen. Similarly, other
general or monochrome screens are employed singly, when obtaining partial
positives corresponding to the other colors.
It is obvious that in forming the positive partial images as above described, we
may employ the well-known lined or cross lined screens commonly used in the half-
tone processes, so-called; or the use of the latter screens may be deferred to a
subsequent stop iu the operation of forming printing surfaces.
It is not to be understood that our invention is limited to the production of
partial positives from a subdivided negative, for we may form a subdivided positive
from the subdivided negative, and froin such positive form partial negatives by
the method above described, wherein the black and white screen is employed, the
procedure being the same, and the result differing only in that we obtain partial
negatives instead of partial-positives. From such partial negatives, we may obtain
printing-surfaces in any of the usual and well-known ways. We may employ, if
we so desire, at any suitable stage, the lined or cross-lined screens commonly used
in the half, tone processes so-called. As, in the case of the subdivided negative,

page_text: the printing, and in causing relative motion of the image bearer and screen, taken
as one, and the print film during the printing, to expose new or additional areas of
the print film to the action of the light, from or through the said partial image,.
substantially as described.
4. The process of forming a photographic print from any one of differing partial
images constituting parts of a subdivided photographic representation of a multi-
colored object, and lying in side-by-side areas of the representation, which consists
in exposing a sensitive film to the action of light, from or through, one of said
partial images, and in stopping out the remainder of said partial images, substan--
tially as described.
5. Tho process of forming a photographic print from any one of differing partial
images, constituting parts of a subdivided photographic representation of a multi-
colored object, and lying in side-by-side areas of the representation, which consists
in exposing a sensitive film to the action of light from or through one of said partial
images, in stopping out the remainder of said partial images, aud in causing
relative motion of the image bearer and screen, taken as one, aud the print film
during the printing, to expose new or additional areas of the print film to the
action of the light, from or through the said partial image, substantially as
described.
Dated this 14th dox of Januar 1907
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicants.