CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CERTAIN MACHINERY FOR MAKING LACE OR NET COMMONLY CALLED BOBBIN NET LACE
Year: 1832

page_text: SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL. COME, I, WILLIAM
CROFTS, late of L'enton, but now of Radford, both in the County of Notting-
ham, Framesmith, send greeting.
WHEREAS I did, by Petition, humbly represent unto His present most
Excellent Majesty' King William the Fourth, that I had invented "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN CERTAIN MACHINERY FOR MAKING LACE OR NET COMMONLY
CALLED BOBBIN NET LACE;" and His said Majesty, being willing to encourage
all useful Inventions, was graciously pleased, by His Royal Letters Patent
under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
bearing date at Westminster, the Eighteenth day of December (1832) in the
third year of His reign, to give and grant, for Himself and His heirs and
successors, unto me, the said William Crofts, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, His especial licence; sole privilege and authority, that I or they
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend my said Invention
within that part of 'His said Majesty's Dominions called England and Wales,
and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, by myself, or by my executors, admi-
nistrators; and assigns, or by my or their servants, deputies, or agents, or
such others as I or they should appoint (and no others), from time to time
during the term of fourteen years from the date of the said Letters Patent,
whereby His said Majesty enjoins all. His subjects whatsoever not to imitate,
counterfeit, or resemble the said Invention: And whereas the said Letters
Patent contain a proviso obliging me, the said William Crofts, particularly to
describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
.

page_text: the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in His said Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within six calendar months after the date of the said Letters Patent,
as in and by the same (reference being thereunto had) will more fully and at
large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso; I, the said
William Crofts, do hereby declare that my said Invention is described and
ascertained in manner following, that is to say:-
My said improvements are applicable to that kind of machinery for making
lace or net (commonly called bobbin-net lace) which is of the class termed
double-tier machinery, with circular bolts or circular combs to receive the
carriages, and wherein locker bars with double blades (or two blades to each
locker bar) are used beneath the said bolts or combs, in order to draw the
carriages quite through between the warp threads, and entirely within the
spaces between the bolts or combs on one side of those threads, whenever
the said carriages have been previously driven or pushed out from the spaces
between the bolts or combs on the opposite side of the said threads by the
swinging action of the driving bars which are situated above the bolts or
combs. The said locker bars with double blades (or two blades to each locker
bar) are a modern improvement upon the usual lockers with one blade to
each locker bar, heretofore commonly used in circular bolt or circular comb
machines, and the said lockers with double blades are used in certain double-
tier circular bolt or circular comb machines which are actuated by the con-
tinuous rotatory motion of a turning handle or of millwork, and which are
'commonly called Morley's machines, in Nottingham, after the name of
Mr. William Morley, who employs such machines in his manufactory at
Derby, and which Morley's machines are much esteemed in Nottingham for
making what are called pieces of bobbin-net lace (that is, net in wide widths
or pieces, but which cannot have true selvedges if the piece is divided or cut
up). Such Morley's machines with double-bladed lockers were not originally
capable of manufacturing with advantage what are called breadths of bobbin
net lace (that is, net which, although woven in the machine in one wide tissue,
can be afterwards cut up or divided into several narrow breadths or ribbands
of lace, all having true selvedges). And whereas I did invent certain improve-
ment, which, being applied to such Morley's machines with double-bladed
'lockers, will enable the same to make such breadths of bobbin-net lace with
expedition and certainty of action; and His said Majesty did grant me His
sole privilege to use those said improvements by former Letters Patent, dated
the Twenty-third day of February, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-

page_text: two; and I did fully describe and ascertain the nature of those improvements,
and the manner of applying the same to use in my former Specification, dated
the Twenty-second day of August, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-
two, and which was enrolled in the Chapel of the Rolls on the Twenty-third
day of August, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-two.
My present improvements consist in other means (herein-after described)
besides those described in my said former Specification for producing the same
result of making breadths of bobbin-net lace by rotatory machines with double-
bladed lockers, that is to say, by detaining those carriages which are called
turn-again carriages and whipping carriages, so that they will not be passed
between the warp threads along with the other carriages whenever it is requi-
site for the making of breadths that they should be so detained. In my
former Specification aforesaid certain parts are described which are called
pickers. They are for the purpose of so detaining the turn-again carriages,
and are marked 1, and 11 in the Drawings, thereunto annexed, the said pickers
being fastened to two horizontal bars 2 and 12, which are so described as being
so mounted at the ends of lever arms 3 and 13 as to be capable of being
raised up parallel to themselves, in order to elevate the pickers 1 and 11 until
their upper ends come in contact with the teeth of those turn-again carriages
which are opposite to the whipping carriages in a manner which is fully.
explained in my said former Specification. I have since found that it is not
necessary to raise up the bars 2 and 12, as there described; but that the said
bars 2 and 12, being mounted on suitable pivots which are properly fitted
into bearings fixed to the framing of the machinery beneath the locker bars,
will be capable of giving the requisite motion to the pickers 1 and 11, which
are fixed to the said bars 2 and 12, by merely turning the same about their
axes of motion in like manner as the locker bars are turned about their
centres of motion. By such turning motion of the picker bars 2 and 12 the
upper ends of the pickers 1 and 11 will be caused to describe arches of circles
about the said axes of motion, and will move in those arches in a suitable
manner to bring those upper ends into contact with the teeth of the turn-again
carriages (which are opposite to the whipping carriages), and then, by con-
tinuing the motion of the pickers after such contact is made, they will act
against the said teeth so as to remove those turn-again carriages so far away
from the warp threads that both the blades of the back locker in their turning
motion will miss the teeth of those turn-again carriages, and permit them,
along with the whipping carriages, to be retained behind in the back combs
when the other carriages are passed between the warp threads into the front
combs. By thus avoiding the raising up of the bars 2 and 12, to which the
O

page_text: pickers 1 and 11 are affixed, the action of my former improvement is simpli-
fied, and fewer parts are required for its performance. This part of my
present improvements is represented by the numeral characters for reference.
in Sheet A of the Drawings hereunto annexed, viz. 2 and 12 are the horizontal
bars or axes whereon the pickers 1 and 11 are affixed by screws..
The said
axes 2 and 12 are supported on bearings 3 and 13, which are firmly fastened
to the fixed framing of the machinery, one such bearing being applied at each
end of each axis 2 and 12, with as many other bearings at different parts of
the length of each axis as are necessary to support them from bending in the
middle. The pickers 1 and 11 are fixed to the said bars 2 and 12 opposite to
every place in the row of carriages where there is a whipping carriage Q in
the back division F.. The pickers are small detached stems which are fastened
by screws to the bars 2 and 12, the upper end of each picker being wide
enough to take the teeth of one carriage, and no more. The two axes' 2
and 12 of the pickers 1 and 11 must be placed in suitable. positions beneath
the locker bars, in order that the upper ends of the pickers. when they are
turned down with their ends nearest to the warp threads may descend below
the under sides of the teeth r, s, of the turn-again carriages quite clear thereof,
but that the pickers 1 and 11, being turned upwards by motion around the
centres of their axes 2 and 12, their ends shall then rise so much as to meet
the said teeth, and at the same time retreat so much from the warp threads as
is necessary for acting against the said teeth in a suitable manner to move
those carriages in the combs so far away from the warp threads that the said
teeth of those carriages will be removed quite out of the reach of both. the
blades a, b, c, d, of each locker; and therefore, when the said lockers are
turned, in order to pass the other carriages between the warp threads, their
blades will miss the teeth of the turn-again carriages, and permit those car-
riages to be retained by the pickers from passing along with other carriages.
The pickers 1 and 11 are put in motion at the proper time by suitable eleva-
tions, such as 6 and 16, on the circumferences of circular wheels 5, 15, which
are either fixed upon the axis of the taking-up wheelwork usually employed
in such Morley's machines for actuating the point bars, or else upon any
other axis which makes one revolution for every row of complete- meshes of
net which is formed by the machinery. The axis 2 and 12 of the pickers
have short lever arms 9, 19, fixed fast to them, and projecting outwards from
them; and at the extremities of those arms links 8, 18, are jointed, in order
to descend to other levers, which do not appear in the Drawings, but which
are situated beneath the revolving wheels 5, 15, and which are depressed by
the elevations 6, 16, on the circumferences thereof, whenever those elevations

page_text: come in contact, with suitable.rollers which are, born by the said levers. The
operation of the aforesaid parts which are marked with numeral characters for.
reference in Sheet A takes place every time when the turn-again carriages:
require to be transferred from one division of carriages to the other, and
being very nearly the same as is described in my aforesaid former Specifica-,
tion, it is not necessary to enter into further particulars of the mode of action,
because this part of my present improvements is only the simplification of my,
former improvement which results from doing away with the moveable arms
marked 3, 13, in the Drawings annexed to my said former. Specification,
together with their axes 4, 14; and their levers 7; 17.
.
And another part of my present improvements is to connect the combs.
C, D, together at their extremities close to the warp threads, by means of
small extra tangs 25 which project downwards from those extremities, and are
run together with lead at 26. The said extra tangs 25 are grooved so as to
reduce their thickness at the parts beneath the circular part C, D, in the same
manner as the ordinary tangs at the other ends of the combs are grooved and.
reduced in thickness, in order that those parts of all the said tangs
which
stand out from the leads into which they are cast may be thin enough to admit!
the teeth at the under sides of the carriages. to move freely between them. By:
means of the said extra tangs. 25 and the lead 26ther extremities of the
combs C, D, are firmly supported one by another so as to keep them all. at
their proper distances apart, and in their proper positions to receive the car-
riages, and guide them correctly in passing between the warp threads from
one row of combs to the other row. The extremities of the pickers 1 and 11
are inserted into the spaces between the said extra 'tangs 25, as much of the
lead 26 in which the extra tangs are cast being cut away as is necessary to
permit their insertion. The pickers being by that means correctly guided,
they cannot miss or fail of meeting the teeth of those carriages on which they
are required to operate. But, note, the front pickers:11. must in that case be
shogged with exactly the same shogging motions as are given to the front
comb bar, for which purpose the axis 12 of the front pickers must have.
liberty of motion endways, in its bearings, and must also, be connected with the
rocking lever or sliding bolt which racks the front comb bar so that the front
picker bar 12 will partake fully of all the raking motions of the front comb
bar. The said shogging motions so given to the front. pickers will make no
difference in their actions on the turn-again carriages. And note; the said
extra tangs 25 at the extremities of the combs is an improvement which is
applicable in conjunction with any of the modes described in my said former.
Specification or in this present Specification of, detaining the.. turn-again

page_text: carriages and whipping carriages from passing along with the other carriages
between the warp threads, whenever it is requisite for the making of breadths
that they should be so detained. The said extra tangs 25, and the lead 26
in which they are cast, must be kept clear of the thread guides T, T, and also
of the selvedge thread guides, which are fixed to the said guide bars, W, W, in
the manner usually practised for making breadths in circular bolt or circular
comb machines, the said lead 26 and tangs 25 being cut away where necessary
for making such clearance. Note, the notched plate K of the back driving
bar h, with its sliding bar m and sliding pieces l, to close or open the said
notches, according as the whipping carriages Q require to be received therein
or not, with all the requisite appurtenances thereto, will be the same as is
usually employed in circular bolt or circular comb machines for making
breadths, and as is fully explained in my said former Specification..
Another part of my present improvements relates to the mode which is
secondly described in my said former Specification for making breadths of
bobbin-net lace in double-tier circular bolt or circular comb machines which
have double-bladed lockers, and which are actuated by rotative motion, which
present improvement, as the aforesaid mode, consists in forming and applying
the revolving camms or curved wheels, whereby the said double-bladed lockers
are put in motion in such manner as that at every time when the turn-again
carriages are required to be transferred from one division of the carriages to
the other division (and thereby to be detained from passing between the warp
threads along with the carriage of the first-mentioned division) those portions
of the curved circumference of the said camms which then come into action
will cause the said double-bladed lockers to turn back immediately after
having let one division of carriages pass, in order to bring the same blade
thereof which acted last to act again upon the teeth of the next division of
carriages, to lock them after their predecessors have passed; that is, in the same
manner as the blade of a single-bladed locker does commonly act against
the teeth of both divisions of carriages in succession, but which is a different
manner from the usual action of double-bladed lockers, wherein, after one
blade thereof has allowed one division of carriages to pass, the locker pauses
for a moment, and is turned forwards in the same direction; in order that its
other blade may lock the other division after the preceding division has passed.
In my aforesaid former improvement it was the outermost blades z and d of
the double-bladed lockers which were thus caused to act twice in succession,
in order to lock the teeth of both the teeth of both the succeeding divisions of
carriages at every time of performing the turn-again; but, according to my
present improvements, it is the innermost blades b and c which are so caused

page_text: to act twice in succession. See Sheet B of the Drawings hereunto annexed.
When both divisions F, F, of the. carriages have been locked up into the
back combs D by the innermost blade c of the back locker B acting against
the back teeth f of the front division E of carriages, the locker B is turned
down, with the usual motion of a double-bladed locker, sufficiently to allow
the said teeth fand also the teeth g to pass over its blade c, as represented in
the Drawing; and then, in the usual mode of working a double-bladed locker,
it. would remain motionless until it was required to lock up the second division
F, which it would do by turning only a little backwards, and taking the back
teeth h of that division F with its other blade d; but, according to the present
improvement, after the locker B has been turned down as aforesaid, and the
instant after the teeth ƒ and g of both divisions have by the action of the
back driving bar H been passed clear over the edge of the blade c (as repre-
sented in the Drawings), then, instead of the back locker B remaining
motionless, it is turned quickly backwards or upwards so much as to bring its
same blade c, which acted at the last time of locking, into a proper position to
act over again at the next time of locking, by then taking the back teeth h of
the second division of carriages, after the usual manner of single-bladed
lockers. And note, during the first-mentioned turning-down motion of the
back locker B, in order, that its blade c may allow the teeth f, g, to pass over
its edge, its other blade d will come to act reversely against the insides of the
front teeth p of the whipping carriages Q, so as to push those carriages,
together with the turn-again carriages S, a little forwards in their combs D,
and enter the latter between the warp threads, as represented in the Drawing;
all which is a needless motion, because the turn-again carriages and whipping
carriages ought to have stood still in their combs; but the said needless
motion can do no harm, because when the locker B is turned backwards, in
preparation for locking the next time by its blade c, that blade will 'take the
back teeths of the turn-again carriages S, and draw the same out from
between the threads, at the same time when the carriages F of the back
division are locked up by that blade c acting against their teeth h, whereby
the turn-again carriages S will then be included in the said back division F.
The front locker A is to be actuated in a similar manner when both divisions
of carriages are in the front combs, and the turn-again is to be performed by
the transfer of the turn-again carriages from the back division to the front
one. The camm by which the front locker A is actuated is suitably shaped
for turning that locker, so as to carry its outermost blade a upwards out of
the way of the front teeth r of the turn-again carriages. S, in order that the
same may be brought to range. with the teeth e of the front division E, with

page_text: a quick backwards motion, immediately after it has been acting with its other
blade b to lock the other division of the carriages F, and has turned down so
much as to let the teeth g of those carriages and also the teeth f pass, where-
fore, at the succeeding time, of locking, the same blade 6 will repeat its action
on the teeth e of the front division of the carriages E, after the usual manner
of single-bladed lockers; of the other; blade 6 of the same locker coming into
action on the teeth e of that front division of carriages E, as would be the
case in the usual operation of double-bladed lockers. Nevertheless, as I
explained in my aforesaid former Specification, after the said transferring of
the turn-again carriages is finished, and in the interval until another such
transfer is to be begun, all the remaining portions of the curved circum-
ference of the said camms which come into action during that interval ought
to cause the two lockers to act in the proper manner of double-bladed lockers';
that is, one blade of each locker being always employed to act against
the teeth of one division of carriages, and the other blade of the same
locker being employed to act against the teeth of the other division of
carriages. To produce the aforesaid effects, the said camms for actuating
the lockers should be of large size, and should make one revolution for
every row of complete meshes of net which is made by the machinery,
being the same period wherein the revolving wheels for actuating the point
bars are usually turned once round; and two distinct camms should be
employed, one to give motion to the front locker, and the other to the back
locker. The form of the two camms will be very similar, but they must be so
applied that when those parts of the circumference of one camm are in action
which are to give the locker to which it belongs its backward motion as afore-
said, in order to cause it to act in the manner of a single-bladed locker, the
corresponding part of the other camm..will not be in action, but, instead
thereof, those parts of its circumference will be in action which will cause the
locker to which that other camm belongs to act in the proper manner of a
double-bladed locker. The form of the said camms is represented at Figure 2,
in Sheet. B. The curved circumference of each camm has three principal
elevations X, Y, Z, 42, upon it, with circular arches x, y, z, between them.
Whilst those arches x, y, z, are in action the lockers remain motionless, in
waiting to receive the carriages which are coming through between the warp
threads. The two principal elevations X and Y are those which when in
action will cause the locker to which the camm belongs to act in the proper
manner of a double-bladed locker with both its blades in succession. Each
of those principal elevations is divided into two steps o, p, which have a short
circular arch or resting place q between them. The lowest of the two steps.o

page_text: causes the locking action of the outermost blades a or d of the lockers to be
performed, and the highest of the two steps p causes the locking action of the
innermost blades bor c of the lockers to take place. The other principal
elevation Z 42 of the camm is that which when it comes into action causes
the locker to act with its innermost blade 6 or c twice in succession on both
divisions of carriages in the manner of a single-bladed locker. For this
purpose, the highest part Z having acted and turned the locker so as to have
locked up both divisions of carriages into the same row of bolts or combs by
its innermost blade 6 or c acting against the teeth for g of the carriages, then
the descending step r allows the locker to turn down again so much as to
permit those teeth for g of the carriages which had just before been locked
by its said innermost blade 6 or c to be driven clear over the edge of the same
in the manner herein-before explained, and all which is the usual and proper
action of a double-bladed locker, but which being performed thus far, then the
elevation 40 raises up the locker again immediately (instead of holding it at
rest, and then turning it down), and in so rising its same innermost blade b'or
c is again brought into action against the teeth h or e of the other division of
carriages, to lock them in one row of bolts or combs, whilst the first-mentioned
division of carriages is locked in the opposite rows of bolts or combs by the
opposite locker acting with its outermost blade in the proper manner of a
double-bladed locker. After the said elevation 40 on the camm and it's
summit 42 has thus acted, a long descent 41 which succeeds allows the locker
to turn down through a double space without any halt or intermediate resting
place during such turning down, in order that its innermost blade 6 or c, which
acted at the last time of 'locking; may be turned down inwards out of the way,
and that its outermost blade a or d may be again brought into the proper
situation for acting, according to the usual mode of double-bladed lockers,
against the teeth of those carriages which first make their passage through
between the warp threads; but in the meantime, until the said carriages do
come through (and are ready to be locked again), the circular arch z being in
action, the locker remains motionless, as a double-bladed locker usually does.
Note, in my present improvements (as is stated in my former Specification)
the notched plate R in the back driving bar H, with all its accessories, must
be applied as is usually done in circular bolt or circular comb machines for
making breadths, and as is fully described in my said former Specification;
and also those spaces between the combs wherein the whipping carriages Q
and turn-again carriages S are lodged should either be closed together a little,
or else springs should be inlaid into grooves or cavities in the bolts or cavities
at those places, in order to retain the whipping carriages and turn-again

page_text: carriages from moving in such spaces by their own weight at the time when
they are left loose therein in consequence of the blade of the locker quitting
the teeth of those carriages, when the said locker is caused to act in the
manner of a single-bladed locker; or, instead of springs in the combs, it will
be better to employ stops or holders to retain the carriages from moving in
the combs. The said holders are very similar to the pickers I and 11 herein-
before described; viz., they are small stems fixed on a horizontal bar 2 or 12,
and projecting upwards therefrom opposite to every place where there are
whipping carriages in the row of bolts or combs; and the said holders
are applied beneath the comb bars in the same situation as the pickers
1 or 11, Sheet A, so that their extremities can be made to rise upwards
in the way of the turn-again carriages, to prevent the same passing between
the threads, and entering the opposite combs Note, the said holders per-
form the same effect as similar parts which are commonly applied to circular
bolt or circular comb machines having single-bladed lockers for making
breadths, but the difference is, that the holders which are applied according
to my present improvements will in all cases be applied close to the warp
threads, so as to intercept the foremost edges of those teeth of the carriages
which are moving forwards; whereas the holders heretofore used are in all
cases applied beneath the carriages farther from the warp threads than the
lockers, so as to act upon those hindmost teeth of the carriages which are
most remote from the warp threads. The said holders are to be raised up
at the proper moment when they are required to stop the carriages, and are
afterwards to be let down out of the way of the said teeth when the carriages
are required to pass; all which may be done by the same kind of camms as
herein-before described for giving motion to the pickers 1 and 11. And note,
it has been herein-before mentioned that a needless motion will at times be given
to the whipping carriages and turn-again carriages in the combs or bolts, by
the reverse action of the outermost blade d of the double-bladed locker push-
ing those carriages towards the warp threads, as is represented in Sheet B,
when they ought to have stood still in their combs. The said needless motion
must not be so great as to push the turn-again carriages so far through
between the warp threads that they will enter into the opposite bolts or
combs, and therefore the carriages should have narrow teeth s, p, and the
outermost blade d, of the locker, should have a thin edge, or else, if the teeth
of the carriages are sufficiently bevelled away at their foremost or most
advanced edges, the edge d of the outermost blade of the locker when it acts
reversely will miss the teeth p of the whipping carriages Q altogether, and
will only take the teeth s of the turn-again carriages, which carriages will not

page_text: in that case be pushed so far through between the warp threads by the said
reverse action of the outermost blade d as to cause those carriages to enter
into the opposite combs or bolts. The said needless motion of the turn-again
carriages may be altogether avoided by placing the acting edges of the two
blades of the locker bar farther apart from each other (as represented at
c and t, Sheet B.) in the circumference of the circle which those edges describe
when the locker bar is turned round about its centre of motion. This is
shewn by the dotted lines t, Sheet B; t being the position of the outermost
blade instead of d, which would be its position in the common way. In case
the blades are placed thus far apart, the locker bar must have a correspond-
ingly greater extent of motion given to it for the performance of its action,
as a double-bladed locker, whenever it is drawing the carriages through
between the warp threads towards itself, than would be requisite if the blades
were nearer together at c and d, as they usually are in double-bladed lockers.
The requisite extent of motion can be given to the said lockers, whereof the
blades c and t are wide apart, by suitable adaptation of the heights of those
several steps on the camms which give motion to such lockers when they are
acting to draw the carriages through between the threads towards themselves.
But when the carriages are returning through between the threads in a
direction away from the said locker, the same must then act with its inner-
most blade c only, and acting therewith in the manner of a single-bladed
locker, that is to say, after it has been turned down to release the teeth f of
one division of carriages E, from its inner blade c, before they go through
the
warp threads; it must then be turned up again to bring the same blade c
into action again, to catch the teeth h of the other division of carriages F,
and detain the same from going between the threads until those threads have
been racked; after which the locker must be turned down to release those
teeth h and allow the carriages F to pass. And note, to prevent the turn-
again carriages S moving so far forwards as to enter into the opposite combs
by accident, stops or holders, constructed nearly in the same manner as the
pickers, may be applied in the manner herein-before described at the ends of
the combs close to the warp threads, to rise up with a suitable movement at,
the proper time, so as to intercept the said carriages, and prevent them moving
too far, the said holders being moved downwards out of the way at the proper
time by the action of their canns, in the same manner as those for the pickers
1 and 11, herein-before described. And note, in case both front and back lockers
A. and B are made with their blades wider apart than usual, as above described
(at c and t), the whipping carriages Q should then have their back teeth q
so much wider apart from their front teeth p (and also a little longer) as is

page_text: shewn in Sheet B, in order that the edge of the outermost blade t of the back
locker may pass clear within the said back teeth q of the whipping carriages,
so as to miss the same at the time when all the other carriages are passed
through between the warp threads, leaving those whipping carriages Q behind
by themselves in the back combs D. But whenever the said whipping car-
riages Q are taken into the front combs C, they must be locked up so much
farther therein than usual as will draw their said back teeth q clear within
the ends of the front combs C, and also the front stops or holders before
mentioned must drop low enough to get out of the way of the said back
teeth g, when they are coming into the front combs C; and the same applies
to the locking of the whipping carriages Q into the back combs D, and to
the back stops or holders. A set of back pickers 1, and a common double-
bladed locker B, c, d, may be applied beneath the back combs D, in order to
perform the turn-again by the aid of those pickers, in the manner described
in my aforesaid 'former Specification. And beneath the front combs C of the
same machine a double-bladed locker A may be applied, having its two
blades farther apart than usual, as herein before. last described; and as repre-
sented by c, t, in Sheet B, so as the said locker may act in the usual manner
of a double-bladed locker, but with a suitably-increased extent of turning
motion, whilst the blades t and c thereof are drawing out the carriages E
and F from between the warp threads front the back combs into the front
combs C. But the same locker will act in the manner of a single-blade
locker by its innermost blade c alone, whenever it is required to detain the
same carriages E, F, as they are going through from the front combs C in
a direction away from the said front locker A, in the manner herein-before
described. In this case the back pickers I may be raised up by extra motion
to that described in my aforesaid former Specification, by which they perform
the turn-again action in the front combs, in order that they may by such extra
motion serve as holders or stops in the manner herein-before described, and
prevent the turn-again carriages S from going backwards by accident into the
back combs D. It is not essential that the camms which are to actuate the
said lockers, with their blades unusually far apart, according to this part of my
present improvements, should make only one turn, as herein-before directed,
whilst a row of complete meshes of net is worked, for the said camms may be
fixed on the same axis as the driving camms and locking camms of Morley's
machines are usually fixed upon, and which axis makes three turns whilst a
row of complete meshes is formed. The form of the camm will in that case
be such as is represented in the separate Figure at the lower part of Sheet C.
The principal prominence Z is that which when in action causes the locker

page_text: .
to turn up so far as to lock out both divisions E and F. of. carriages into the
same bolts or combs, by its innermost blade 6 or c catching the teeth for g
of the carriages. The descent r of the camm then allows the locker to turn
downwards so much that its said innermost blade 6 or c will quit the said
teeth for g of the carriages, and permit them to pass clear over its edge,
which being done the elevation 40 which succeeds on the circumference of the
camm turns the locker up again, in order that its same innermost blade b or c
may come again into action to catch the teeth e or h of the next division of
carriages, and lock the same out of the summit 42, being a circular arch
which holds the locker still for an instant. After which the long descent 41
allows the locker to turn quite down, in order to bring its outermost blade t
into a proper position for acting again on those teeth e or h of the carriages
which first come through between the warp threads. The circular arch z
leaves the locker motionless until they do so come through, and then the
elevation O turns up the locker half way, whereby its outermost blade t will
take the said teeth e or h of the carriages as aforesaid, and lock those carriages,
the circular arch q holding the locker motionless while the threads are racked,
and then the rise p turns the locker up further, to bring the innermost blade c
or 6 into action on the teeth for g, in order to lock the other carriages when
the summit Z comes into action as before mentioned. The usual form of the
same camm, if it were intended to actuate a common double-bladed locker
in the usual manner of Morley's machines, is indicated by the dotted line w, w,
which shews the original form of that portion of the circumference where the
additional principal prominence 40, 41, 42, is required for this part of my
present improvements, in order to cause the said locker, with its blades unusu-
ally far apart, to act in the manner herein-before described, all, the other
parts of the curved circumference, except that additional prominence 40, 42, 41,
being as usual; and any increased extent of motion which may be required
to be given to the locker, when actuated by the camms last described, accord-
ing to my improvements, being attained by suitable alterations in the heights
of the several steps of the said camms, or else by suitable alteration in the
levers or the pinions by which the action of the said camms is transmitted to
the locker.
. Another part of my present improvements is to apply double-bladed
5.lockers to rotative machines, for the purpose of making breadths of bobbin
'net lace, in such a manner that each locker bar can be let down a very little
:at.both ends, with a movement parallel to itself at that period of its operation,
as an ordinary. double-bladed locker in Morley's machines. When the turn-
again carriages are required to be transferred from one division to the other

page_text: division, for the purpose of making breadths by such machines, and conse
quently when the said turn-again carriages must be retained from passing
between the warp threads, although all the other carriages are then passing
between the said threads, for this purpose the pivots at the ends of each
locker bar, instead of being mounted in bearing sockets fixed to the framing,
as usual in all lace machines having locker bars, must be mounted in bearing
.sockets at the ends of short crank-bar arms 50, Sheet C, projecting out from
each end of crank axes 51, which are applied horizontally beneath the comb
bars, and which are supported on pivots at each end in bearing sockets fixed
to the framing, but capable of adjustment when requisite, in the same manner
as the pivots of the locker bars are usually supported. Each of the said
crank bar axes 51 should be supported in the middle of its length to steady
it, in the same manner as locker bars are usually supported in the middle; and
likewise other short crank-bar arms (similar to 50) should be affixed to the
middle part of the length of the crank-bar 51, to sustain the middle part of.
the locker bar where necessary, in order to prevent it from bending. The
crank-bar axes 50, at one end or both ends of each axes 51, must be con-
nected by a joint 52 with an upright link 53, which goes down to a lever 54
below, and is jointed thereto. The said lever moves upon a fixed centre
pin 56 at one end, and the other end has a roller 55 to bear upon the circular
.circumference of a camm (not represented in the Drawing), but which may
be fixed on the usual axes for those camms which actuate the points. So that
the said camm will make one turn for every row of complete meshes which
are worked by the machinery, a notch is cut out in one part of the circular
circumference of the said camm, to allow the roller 55 of the aforesaid lever
54 to drop suddenly therein, and that sudden dropping motion occasions the
locking bar to descend so far down as to remove its blades quite out of the
reach of the teeth of the carriages. The said drop of the back-locking bar B
is to take place at that period of the ordinary course of its working as a
double-bladed locker in Morley's machines when it arrives in the position
represented at B, in Sheet C. Both divisions of carriages E and F having
been recently locked out into the back combs D, by the innermost blade c
acting against the teeth f of the front division E, and the locker B being
in the act of turning down to release the teeth f of the front divisions,
as the carriages E are driven forwards. by the back driving bar H, but
the turn-again carriages S (which were before included amongst those of
the front division E), and the whipping carriages Q (which were before
included amongst those of the back division F), are required. to stand still
in the combs, that they may be transferred from one division to the other;

page_text: and it is to avoid disturbing their teeth p, s, by a reversed action of the
outermost blade d of the locker, as it continues to turn downwards, that I
cause the aforesaid dropping of the locker to take place, according to this
part of my present improvements, for by so dropping whilst the locker is
turning further downwards its outermost blade d will pass clear beneath the
said teeth ap, s, of the whipping and turn-again carriages Q and S, without
touching the said teeth, and after so passing beneath them the locker
is suddenly lifted up again to its original and proper height, but with its
outer blade d at the opposite side of the said teeth p, s, that blade being
then in a proper position to lock the teeth h.of the back division of carriages F
at the next succeeding time of locking, when the turn-again carriages S will
be included in their spaces along with those of the back division F. Note, in
this mode of dropping the locking bars the ordinary canims for actuating the
locker, with its usual turning motion, for the purpose of locking and unlocking,
may be shaped as usual in Morley's machines, but it must be adapted to give
a sufficiency of turning motion to the locker during the interval whilst the
locker is dropping, and whilst it is down, and whilst it is rising up again, in
order to ensure that its said outermost blade & shall be certain after the locker
has been raised up again to be on the opposite side of the teeth p, s, of the
turn-again and whipping carriages Q and S to that side thereof on which the
said blade d was situated before the locker dropped, even if the whipping
and turn-again carriages should have moved a little by accident in their
combs in the mean time; but to avoid such moving those combs should be
sprung together, or else they should be provided with springs, as herein-before
directed. The back and front lockers A, B, are both to be mounted, as herein-
before, described, in the arms 50 of crank bars 50, 51, so that each one can be
let fall and raised again at the proper time by separate camms for each locker,
whereby one locker will be dropped at one time and the other locker at
another time, according as the course of the turn-again requires to be per-
formed alternately in the back combs and in the front combs. And in lieu
of springs in the combs, stops or holders of the kind herein-before described
may be applied to detain the turn-again and whipping carriages from moving
in the combs at the moment when the locking bar is made to drop.
Another part of my present improvements is to apply the outermost blades
of double-bladed lockers in rotative machines, for the purpose of making
breadths, in such manner upon their locker bars that the said outermost blades
will be capable of folding down towards or against the innermost blades of the
:same locker bars, whereby the edges of the said outermost blades when so
folded down will not reach out far enough from the centres of motion of the

page_text: locker bars to intercept the teeth of the carriages. The said outermost blades
are to be so folded down out of the way of the teeth. of the turn-again and
whipping carriages at that period of the ordinary operation of double-bladed
lockers in Morley's machines when the turn-again is to be performed for the
purpose of making breadths, and when it is required for that purpose to
retain the turn-again carriages from passing between the warp threads. along
with the other carriages which do then pass. This manner of applying the
outermost blade is represented in Sheet D. The other or innermost. blade ȧ
of the same double-bladed locker is fixed fast to the. flat. side of the square
locker bar A, so as to project out therefrom in the usual manner of a single-
bladed locker. A groove is excavated in the ordinary. locker bar: A along the
outermost and uppermost angle thereof; and extending nearly 'all the length of
the bar A from end to end. . That groove is to receive a small round bar or axis
60 which has the outermost blade 61 projecting out from it; and the round
bar 60 is so fitted into the said groove in the bar A as to be capable of
turning round therein in the manner of an axis, with a sufficient extent of
turning motion either to place the acting edge of the outer blade 61 at its
usual and proper distance from the centre of motion of the locker bar A, and
also from the edge of the innermost blade a, or else to fold the said outer
blade 61 down towards and against the innermost blade a, in. order that the
acting edge of 61 may retreat nearer towards the centre of motion of the
locker bar A so as to get quite out of the reach of the teeth of the carriages.
The round bar 60 is supported from bending by being lodged in the
in the locker bar A, being accurately fitted therein at different places in its
length, and secured in its place by suitable clasps 62, which are applied over
the round bar 60 at each of those said different places along its length. The
ends of the clasps 62 pass through openings which are cut out through the
folding plate 61 near to its axis 60, and the said clasps are fastened by screws
to the under side of the locker bar A. The pivots at the two ends of this
kind of locker bar A, on which it is suspended in the usual manner, are just
as usual, and as shewn by the dotted circle, for the round bar 60 does not
extend quite so far as the ends of the locker bar A, and does not therefore
interfere with its pivots. At each end of the round bar 60 a short arın 63
projects outwards therefrom, and the end of the said arm stops against a
corresponding stop which is fixed to the under side of the locker bar A, and
projects out therefrom. These parts are so adjusted that when the said
arm 63 is kept in contact with the said stop the two blades a and 61 will
stand at their proper distance apart from each other, suitably for operating in
the ordinary manner of double-bladed lockers in Morley's machines; and the
groove

page_text: said lockers A and B are actuated by the usual rack and pinion or lever work,
levers and camms, with all the same turning motions as are usually given
to the double-bladed lockers in Morley's machines, until that period of their
said operation when the turn-again is required to be performed, for the purpose
of making breadths by such machines, and then the said outerinost blade 61
is let loose, so that it will turn about its: round bar .60 as an axis, in order to
fold down and approach its acting edge.so much nearer towards the ordinary
centre of motion of the locker bar A that the. said edge will not reach the
teeth of the carriages. The requisite motion of the folding blade 61 and its
round bar or axis 60 may be communicated..in different modes, whereof one
very convenient way is represented in Sheet D. The short armı 63 is con-
nected by a jointed link 65 with a lever 64, which is moveable about a
horizontal stud or centre pin 66, supported by a bracket 67, which is screwed
fast to the under side of the locker bar A, and projects outwards and down-
wards therefrom; and the same bracket 67 also supports another horizontal
stud or centre pin 68, upon which a ratchet wheel and a notched wheel 69
are mounted side by side, so as to turn round freely on the said pin 68,
whereby the notched edge of the wheel 69 will act against a tooth 70; which
is fixed to the lever 64 in a suitable manner to enable the notched wheel 69
to depress and hold down the said. lever: 64 by the circular circumference of
the notched wheel 69 until the arın 63 is firmly pressed against the stop, and
in so depressing. that lever 64 its connection by the link 65 and the arm 63 of
the round bar or axis 60 of. the folding: blade 61 brings that blade into its
proper situation in respect to the other blade a to enable the locker to act
with both its blades a and: 61 just as a common double-bladed. locker in
Morley's; machine does, act, .all the several parts numbered from 60 to 70
then moving or vibrating along with the locker. bar A as it is turning back-
wards and forwards around the pivots at each end of it. But when the proper
period arrives for performing the: turn-again, the driver 72 is lifted up so high
by the action of a suitable camm that its upper end will take into one of the
teeth of the ratchet wheel of the notched wheel 69, and whilst the locker
bar A is turning in order to back out both divisions of carriages by its innermost
blade a, the said driver 72 drives those .wheels so much round about their
centre pin 68 that a notch in the wheel 69 is presented. to the tooth 70, and
then by the action of a spring suitably applied the outermost blade 61 is
folded down as represented in the Drawing, and it continues so folded down
whilst the locker bar A is turned down with the usual turning motion of the
double-bladed lockers in Morley's machine so. far that its acting edge quits
the teeth fand g of the carriages, and when by the driving motion of the back
B

page_text: driving bar H pushing forwards the carriages in the combs their said teeth f
and g have passed quite over the acting edges of both the lockers a and 61,
the driver 72 is suddenly let down again by the action of its camm before
mentioned, and then a claw 73, which is connected with the driver 72, acts in
one of the opposite teeth of the ratchet wheel so as to turn the same as much
further round as will carry away the notch of the wheel 69 from the tooth 70,
whereby the sloping edge of.the notch acting against the sloping edge of the
tooth 70 will suddenly depress the same with its lever 64, and thereby raise
up the outer blade 61 into its former position in respect to the inner blade a,
after which the edge of the outer blade 61 will proceed to act as that of a
double-bladed locker usually does, to intercept the teeth of the next division
of carriages. But note, as the turn-again and whipping carriages have
remained motionless in the combs whilst the other carriages have moved
therein, the acting edge of the outermost blade 71 will have passed beneath
the teeth of the said turn-again and whipping carriages whilst the blade 61
was folded down with its acting edge out of the reach of those teeth, but
after the blade 61 is turned up again as above described the acting edge
will be at the opposite side of the said teeth of the turn-again and whipping
carriages to that side whereof on which the said edge was before it was folded
down. The combs in which the whipping and turn-again carriages are
received must be sprung together or have springs in them, or else stops or
bolders must be applied in the manner herein-before described, for the purpose
of retaining the said turn-again and whipping carriages from moving in the
combs when they are required to stand still therein whilst the turn-again or
transfer from one division to the other is performing. Note, the driver 72
and the claw 73 are both connected together, and are jointed to a lever, which
is moved in a similar, manner to that herein-before described, for lifting and
dropping the locking bars, viz, the said lever carries a roller to run on the
circumference of a camm which is turned round once whilst a row of com-
plete meshes is formed and at the proper period of their formation, when the
turn-again is to be performed, a prominence on the circumference of the said
camm lifts up the lever, together with the driver 72 and claw 73, at the proper
moment to turn the ratchet wheel 69, and cause the outermost blade 61 to be
folded down, and then, after the locker A has been turned to its middle position
with the blade 61 so folded down, the said prominence of the camm must
pass away from the roller of the locker, and let the same drop suddenly down,
together with the claw 73 and driver 72, by the action of a spring or weight,
and thereby turn the ratchet wheel so much more as will raise
up the plate 61
into its original and proper position for acting as a double-bladed locker.

page_text: Note, in the Drawing, Sheet D, the front ratchet wheel and notched wheel
69 are represented edgeways, and it is shewn how they are placed beneath the
front locker bar B in their proper position. The back ratchet wheels are
similarly applied beneath the back locker bar A, and ought also to appear
edgeways, although they are represented flatways in the Drawings, in order
better to explain their mode of action. The upper ends of the driver 72 and
the claw 73 are formed. like the tops of crutches, with suitable curvature,
in order that those upper ends may continue in contact with the teeth of the
ratchet wheel during a sufficient time to turn the said wheel round as far as it
requires to be turned in order to produce the folding down of the outermost
blade of the locker, and the subsequent restoration of that blade to its
original position immediately after it has passed beneath the teeth of the
turn-again and whipping carriages without touching those teeth, for, notwith-
standing that the said ratchet wheel and notched wheel 6 are moving with a
vibratory motion along with the locker bar, they are always nearly in one
position when the claw 73 and driver 72 are required to act in the teeth of
the ratchet wheel.
And lastly, another part of my present improvements is to make breadths of
bobbin-net lace in circular bolt or circular comb machines which are actuated
by rotatory motion, and which have double-bladed lockers such as are commonly
called Morley's machines in Nottingham, in such manner that the racking
motions of those threads will not be impeded by the turn-again carriages
remaining inserted between the warp threads at that time of racking
which follows next after the turn-again or transfer of those carriages from
the back division of carriages to the front division has been performed. It
has been herein-before explained that at the period when the turn-again
and whipping carriages are to be left behind, although the front division
of carriages are then all passed between the warp threads, the outermost
blade of the ordinary double-bladed locker will then act reversely against
the insides of the teeth p of the whipping carriages Q in the manner
represented in Sheet B, so as to push those carriages forwards in the
combs with a needless motion, which motion will push the turn-again carriages
through between the warp threads, but not so far as to enter those carriages
into the opposite bolts or combs. It was herein-before explained that the said
needless motion of the said turn-again carriages could do no harm, because
they would be drawn out from between the warp threads before the same
were racked by the action of the innermost blade of the locker, if the same
is actuated according to one of the modes herein-before described, which
constitute part of my present improvements. But according to this last

page_text: part of my present improvements the double-bladed lockers being constructed
in the usual manner of ordinary double-bladed lockers in Morley's machine,
and being actuated with the usual motions thereof, the said turn-again
carriages S, Sheet B, will not be drawn out from between the warp threads,
but will remain inserted between the same after the locking-up of the back
division of carriages by the outermost blade d of the double-bladed locker B
has taken place, because that blade d being farther from the warp threads
than the teeth s of the said turn-again carriages S, and having just before
pushed those carriages forwards between the warp threads by the. reverse
action, as before explained, it cannot act to draw them out again from
between the said threads when it locks the other carriages F of the back
division by catching their teeth h; but by this last part of my present improve-
ments, the racking motions of the warp threads and selvedge threads are so
arranged that at the time when the turn-again carriages are thus left in
between the threads those threads which are adjacent to the carriages will not
be moved in racking so as to entangle the threads with the teeth of the said
carriages. At the next succeeding time of passing the carriages the said turn-
again carriages which were so. left between the warp threads will,
go through
between the same along with the carriages of the back division, and will be
locked up therewith in the front combs by the innermost blade of the front
locker, as usual in Morley's machines. Note, it is only at that time of passing
the carriages between the warp threads which follows next after the turn-again
has been performed (whether in the back combs or in the front ones) that the
turn-again carriages will be thus left between the warp threads whilst the
same are racking; but at all other times the turn-again carriages will be
locked along with the other carriages so as to be properly drawn out from
between the warp threads, as usual in Morley's machines, before the warp
threads are racked. Note, in this way of working those combs between which
those turn-again carriages are situated should be sprung together, or springs
should be applied within them, or else stops or holders should be applied
opposite to the extremities of the combs, to be raised up at the proper moment
in order to stop the said carriages, and prevent them from moving so far
forwards as to enter the opposite combs by accident when they are pushed
between the warp threads by the aforesaid reverse action of the outermost
blade of the double-bladed locker; the manner of applying which stops or
holders has been herein-before described, and such are represented at 11 and
12, in Sheet B. They must rise up at the opposite side of the warp threads
to that from which the carriages are coming, so as to meet the foremost edges
of the teeth of the turn-again carriages, and stop them from coming farther

page_text: through than absolutely necessary. The proper forms for the several racking
wheels which will produce such racking motions of the different bars as will
suit this purpose is represented at the lower part of Sheet D, and the names
of the racking wheel being written to each Figure, with all the requisite
explanation, will be sufficient to enable competent machine makers to carry
this
part of
my improvement into effect.
Note, there is nothing peculiar or of new invention in the said racking
wheels, and I make no claim thereto, except when the same are used for the.
purpose of making breadths in circular bolt or circular comb machines, with
double-bladed lockers actuated by rotatory motion, as in Morley's machines,
because by using such racking wheels no alteration is required in the ordinary
action of the double-bladed lockers of such machines, neither for avoiding the.
pushing of the turn-again carriages between the warp threads by the reverse.
action of the outermost blade of the double-bladed locker, nor for withdrawing
the said carriages from between the said threads after they have been so pushed
between the same by that reverse action.
Having now described my said improvements, I, the said William Crofts, do
hereby declare that what I claim as my new Invention is the several new
modes herein-before described of making breadths of bobbin-net lace
circular bolt or circular comb rotatory machines having double-bladed lockers
commonly called Morley's machines, by detaining those carriages which are
called turn-again carriages and whipping carriages so that they will not be
passed between the warp threads along with the other carriages, whenever it
is requisite for the making of breadths that they should be so detained; viz,
the simplified mode herein-before described of applying the pickers 1 and 11,
in lieu of the more complicated mode described in my aforesaid former Speci
fication, dated the Twenty-second day of August, One thousand eight hundred
and thirty-two; the mode herein-before described of connecting the extre-
mities of the combs together close to the warp threads by extra tangs 25, cast
in lead 26, in order to strengthen the combs and guide the pickers, if pickers
are used; the mode herein-before described of causing the innermost blades
of double-bladed lockers to act twice in succession in the manner of a single
bladed-locker on the teeth of both succeeding divisions of carriages at every
time of performing turn-again; the mode herein-before described of placing
the two blades of each locker further apart from each other than usual, for the
purpose herein-before set forth, and causing each of the said lockers to act
alternately in the manner of double-bladed locker to draw the carriages
through the warp threads towards itself, but to act in the manner of a single-
bladed locker to lock the carriages when they are put through away from the

page_text: said locker; the mode herein-before described of applying stops or holders
between the ends of the combs and the warp threads to rise up and stop the
turn-again carriages, and retain then from moving in the combs when they
ought to stand still therein; the mode herein-before described of causing the
locker bars with double blades to drop down whenever their outermost blades
are required to pass beneath the teeth of the turn-again carriages without
touching the same, and to rise up again immediately after having so passed;
the mode herein-before described of causing the outermost blade of double-
bladed lockers to fold down so as to pass beneath the teeth of the turn-again
carriages without touching the same; and lastly, the mode herein-before
described whereby the turn-again carriages, after having performed their turn-
again, and having been pushed between the warp threads by a reverse action
of the outermost blade of the double-bladed locker, may be allowed to remain
between the warp threads whilst the same are racking, without entanglement
of the threads taking place.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Crofts, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of June, One thousand eight
hundred and thirty-three.

page_text: Wednesday, the Seventeenth day of August, in the seventh year of the:
reign of His Majesty King William the Fourth, One thousand eight,
hundred and thirty-six. Ex parte JAMES FISHER, of Watling Street,
in the City of London, Lace Manufacturer.
Upon the humble Petition of the above-named James Fisher, this day pre-
ferred unto The Right Honorable the Master of the Rolls, it was alleged that
His Majesty,
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the
Eighteenth day of December;. One thousand eight hundred and thirty-two,
after reciting that William Crofts, of Radford, in the County of Nottingham,
Framesmith, had, by his Petition, humbly represented that he had invented
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CERTAIN MACHINERY FOR MAKING LACE OR NET
COMMONLY CALLED BOBBIN NET LACE," did, for Himself, His heirs and successors,
give and grant unto the said William Crofts, his executors, administrators, and
assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that he
and every of them, by himself and themselves, or by his or their deputy or
deputies, servants or agents, or such others as he, his executors, adminis-
trators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend his said
Invention within that part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland called England, the Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, in such manner as to him, the said William Crofts, his executors,
administrators, and assigns, or any of them, should, in his or their discretion,
seem meet, and that he, the said William Crofts, his executors, admini-.
strators, and assigns, should and lawfully might have and enjoy the whole-
profit, benefit, commodity, and advantages from time to time coming, growing,
accruing, and arising by reason of the said Invention, for and during the terms
of years therein expressed, to have, hold, exercise, and enjoy the said licence,
powers, privileges, and advantages therein-before granted to the said William
Crofts, his heirs, executors, administrators, and assigns, for and during and
unto the full end and term of fourteen years from the date thereof next and
immediately ensuing and fully to be complete and ended, according to the:
Statute in such case made and provided, and in the said Letters Patent was

page_text: contained a proviso that if the said William Crofts should not particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, by an instrument in writing under his hand
and seal, and cause the same to be enrolled in His said Majesty's High Court
of Chancery within six calendar months next after the date of the said
Letters Patent, then the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages
whatsoever thereby granted, should utterly cease, determine, and become void:
That previously to the application for the granting of the said Patent to the
said William Crofts the Petitioner entered into an agreement with the said
William Crofts, under and by virtue of which the Petitioner became and now
is entitled to a beneficial interest in the said Invention, and in the said
Letters Patent relating thereto, the Petitioner thereby agreeing and under-
taking to pay the whole expense of the application for and obtaining of
the said Letters Patent; that in pursuance of the proviso in the said
Letters Patent in that behalf contained the Petitioner gave directions to.
bis agent to prepare a proper Specification of the said Invention, and of the
manner in which the same is to be performed, in order that the same might be
evidence in this Honorable Court, according to the terms of the said proviso;
that in consequence of such directions from the Petitioner, Mr. John Farey,
now of Guildford Street, Russell Square, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, was authorized by him to prepare such Specification, and for that
purpose went to Nottingham aforesaid, where the said Invention was intended
to be carried into operation, and was engaged for several days in examining
the said Invention, and preparing the Specification relating thereto; that the
species of machinery to which the said Invention is applicable is of an extremely
intricate and complicated nature, and it requires very great experience in the
use of such machines, and the utmost possible accuracy, thoroughly to under-
stand and describe the said Invention; that the said Mr. John Farey having
at length completed the Specification of the said Invention, the same was duly
signed, sealed, and acknowledged by the said William Crofts, and enrolled in
this Honorable Court within the period allowed for that purpose by the said
Letters Patent; that, from the great confidence which the Petitioner placed
in the care and abilities of the said Mr. Farey, he, the Petitioner, entrusted
entirely to the said Mr. Farey for the correctness of the said Specification,
but the Petitioner hath been informed and believes that the said Mr. Farey
suffered the same to be enrolled without the same having been previously
revised, and the references therein compared with the numbers to which the
same purported to refer in the Drawings of the machinery which accompanied
the same, by any person competent thereto; that, altho', as the Petitioner has

page_text: been informed, the said William Crofts did read over some part of the said-
Specification before the same was acknowledged by him, yet that, from the
minuteness of the errors which exist therein, and herein-after mentioned, and
from the said William Crofts being unaccustomed to the perusal of writings of
that description, and of comparing the same with Drawings, the said errors
wholly escaped the' notice of the said William Crofts; that the Petitioner,
having lately had occasion to refer to the engrossment of the said Specification,
discovered that there are several clerical errors or mistakes in such engross-
ment, but that the same are of a very trifling nature, and wholly incapable of
misleading any person having a competent knowledge of the machinery to
which the said Specification relates in constructing a machine in conformity
with the directions therein contained; that the Petitioner, on discovering the
said errors in the engrossment of the said Specification, caused application to be
made at the Rolls Chapel, when it was ascertained that the entry thereof in
the original roll was and is also erroneous and incorrect in the several places
therein corresponding with those in which an error or inaccuracy was found to
exist in the said engrossment; that the first of such errors or inaccuracies
occurs in the fifty-sixth line from the top of the eighteenth skin of the entry
on the said original roll, wherein the the letters s, S, are erroneously written
as referring to similar letters in Sheet B of the Drawings accompanying the
said Specification, but which letters s, S, by a reference to the said Sheet B, it
is at once apparent ought to have been written p and Q respectively; that
another of such errors or inaccuracies occurs in the said 56th line of the same
18th skin of the said roll, wherein the words "turn-again carriages" have
been inadvertently written for the words "whipping carriages," which it is
evident, from the context of the same, ought to have been written in lieu
thereof; and that the last of such errors or inaccuracies occurs in the 68th
line from the top of the said 18th skin of the said roll, wherein the word
"front" has been inserted in place of the word "back," which should and
ought to have been written in lieu thereof; that no scire facias has been
issued or applied for for the repeal of the said recited Letters Patent, nor is
any suit or action depending touching the said Patent right; that the
Petitioner is advised that, under the circumstances aforesaid, he is entitled to
have the said original roll amended, the Petitioner submitting that the said errors
are merely clerical, and not in any way calculated or intended to deceive or
mislead any person perusing the said Specification having a competent know-
ledge of the nature of the machinery to which the said Invention is applicable:
It was therefore prayed, and, upon reading the said Letters Patent, and the
Affidavit of the Petitioner, and two several Affidavits of the said John Farcy,

page_text: filed this day, it is accordingly ordered, That the Clerk of the Records in the
Rolls Chapel do amend the Inrolment of the said Specification in the several
particulars herein-before mentioned, and it is ordered that a copy of this
order be indorsed on the back of the Roll on which the said Specification is
inrolled..

page_text: in the County of Nottingham, Framesmith, for his Invention or
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CERTAIN MACHINERY FOR MAKING LACE OR
NET COMMONLY CALLED BOBBIN-NET LACE," bearing date at West-
minster, the Eighteenth day of December, One thousand eight
hundred and thirty-two.
MEMORANDUMS OF ALTERATION entered pursuant to an Act
passed in the fifth and sixth years of His present most Gracious.
Majesty's reign, entituled "An Act to amend the Law touching
Letters Patent for Inventions," with the Clerk of the Patents for
England, by JAMES FISHER, of Watling Street, in the City of
London, Lace Manufacturer, bencficially interested in the said
Patent by virtue of an Agreement made between him and the said
William Crofts, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of January,
One thousand eight hundred and thirty-two.
I, the said James Fisher, do hereby declare, that since I have become
eneficially interested in the said Patent, and the Enrolment of the Specification
hereof, I have discovered several errors and inaccuracies in the said Specifica-
ion, and that the same consist in the following particulars; that is to say,
n the second skin, twenty-sixth line of the said Specification, and in the
ineteenth line of the twelfth skin of entry on the roll, in which the words
driving bar h" have through inadvertence been written instead of the word
driving bar H," which, it is evident, from a reference to the Drawing
narked Sheet B, therein referred to, and to the context of the said words,
ught to have been written in lieu thereof; in the said second skin, thirty-
bird line of the said Specification, and in the thirty-first line of the said twelfth
kin of the entry on the roll, wherein the word "carriage" has been
rroneously written instead of "carriages," which ought to have been therein
written instead thereof; in the third skin, third line of the said Specification,
nd in the fifteenth line of the thirteenth skin of the entry on the roll, wherein
he letter of reference."6" has, through inadvertence, been inserted instead of
he letter "a," which ought to have been therein written; in the third skin,

page_text: sixteenth line of the said Specification, and in the thirty-sixth line of the
fifteenth skin of the said roll, wherein the word "three" has been erroneously
instead of the word "four," as it ought to have been written; in the said
third skin, twenty-first and twenty-second lines of the said Specification, and
in the forty-fifth and forty-sixth line of the said fifteenth skin of the said roll,
wherein the words "elevation Z 42 of the camm is that which when it comes
into action causes' have been erroneously written instead of the words
" elevations Z 42 of the camm are those which when they come into action
cause," as it ought to have been written; in the third skin, fifty-fourth,
fifty-fifth, and fifty-sixth lines thereof, and first line of the following skin of the
said Specification, and in the thirty-seventh, thirty-eighth, thirty-ninth,
fortieth, forty-first, forty-second, and forty-third lines of the said fourteenth
skin of the said roll, wherein the following words have been erroneously
inserted, and ought to be expunged, that is to say, "or else, if the teeth of
"the carriages are sufficiently bevelled away at their foremost or most advanced
edges, the edge of the outermost blade of the locker when it acts reversely
"will miss the teeth p of the whipping carriages Q altogether, and will only
"take the teeth s of the turn-again carriages, which carriages will not in
"that case be pushed so far through between the warp threads by the said
66
66
reverse action of the outermost blade d as to cause those carriages to enter
"into opposite combs or bolts;" in the fifth skin, nineteenth line, of the said
Specification, and in the eighteenth line of the sixteenth skin of the said roll,
wherein the word "axes" has been erroneously written instead of the word
"arms," as it ought to have been written; in the twenty-fourth line of the
seventh skin of the said Specification, and in the fifty-sixth line from the top of
the eighteenth skin of the entry on the said original roll, wherein the letters s
and S are erroneously written as referring to similar letters in Sheet B of the
Drawings accompanying the said Specification, but which letter s, S, by a
reference to the said Sheet B, it is at once apparent ought to have been written
p and Q respectively. In the said twenty-fourth line of the same skin in the
Specification, and in the fifty-sixth line, eighteenth skin, of the said original
entry on the roll, wherein the words "turn-again carriages" have been inadver-
tently written for the words "whipping carriages;" in the said seventh skin,
thirtieth line of the said Specification, and in the sixty-eighth line from the top
of the said eighteenth skin of said roll, wherein the word "front" has been
inserted in place of the word "back," which should have been written in lieu
thereof; that the last of such errors occurs in the said seventh skin, thirty-
first line of the said Specification, and in the first line of the nineteenth skin of
the said roll, wherein the words "by pushing the whippers Q" ought to have

page_text: Deen miserted between the word Delore and the word
line.
pushed, in that
And I do hereby further declare, that all the said errors and inaccuracies
are, to the best of my belief, wholly unintentional, and are neither calculated
nor. intended to mislead any person reading the said Specification, having a
competent knowledge of the nature of the machinery to which the said Inven-
tion is applicable; nevertheless, being desirous of rendering the said Specifica-
tion as accurate as possible by the correction of the said errors and inaccuracies,
and in order to prevent any doubt arising from the continuance thereof,
touching the validity of the said Letters Patent, I do, for the reasons aforesaid,
hereby declare that the following alterations should be made in the said
Specification, and in the said original roll, that is to say:-
In the said second skin, twenty-sixth line of the Specification, and in the
nineteenth line of the twelfth skin of the entry on the roll, the words " driving
bar h" ought to be expunged, and the words "driving bar H" written instead
thereof; further, that in the thirty-third line of the same skin in the
Specification, and in the thirty-first line of the said twelfth skin of the entry
on the roll, the word "carriage" ought to be altered into the word "car-
riages;" further, that in the third line of the third skin of the said Specifica-
tion, and in the fifteenth line of the thirteenth skin of the entry on the roll, the
letter "6" ought to be altered into the letter "a." Further, that in the third
skin, sixteenth line of the Specification, and in the thirty-sixth line of the
fifteenth skin of the said roll, the word "three" ought to be altered into the
word "four;" further, in the said third skin, twenty-first and twenty-second
lines of the Specification, and in the forty-fifth and forty-sixth lines of the said
fifteenth skin of the said roll, the words "elevation Z 42 of the camm is that
which when it comes into action causes," ought to be altered into the words
"elevations Z 42 of the camm are those which when they come into action
cause;" further, that in the said third skin, fifty-fourth, fifty-fifth, and fifty
sixth lines, and likewise in the fourth skin, first line of the said Specification,
and in the thirty-seventh, thirty-eighth, thirty-ninth, fortieth, forty-first, forty-
second, and forty-third lines of the fourteenth skin of the said roll, the
following words ought to be expunged, that is to say, " or else, if the teeth
"of the carriages are sufficiently bevilled away at their foremost or most
"advanced edges, the edge d of the outermost blade of the locker, when it
"acts reversely, will miss the teeth p of the whipping carriages Q altogether,
"and will only take the teeths of the turn-again carriages, which carriages
"will not in that case be pushed so far through between the warp threads by
.

page_text: "the said reverse action of the outermost blade d as to cause those carriages
"to enter into the opposite combs or bolts;" further, that in the fifth skin,
nineteenth line of the said Specification, and in the eighteenth line of the
sixteenth skin of the said roll,. the word "axes" ought to be altered into
the word "arms;" further, that in the seventh skin, twenty-fourth line of
the Specification, and in the fifth line from the top of the eighteenth skin
of the entry on the roll, the letters s and S ought to be altered respectively
into the letters p and Q; further, that in the said twenty-fourth line of the
same skin of the Specification, and in the fifty-sixth line of the eighteenth skin
of the roll, the words "turn-again" ought to be altered into the word
"whipping;" further, that in the said seventh skin, thirtieth line of the said
Specification, and in the sixty-eighth line from the top of the said eighteenth
skin of the said roll, the word "front" ought to be altered into the word
"back;" and, lastly, that in the said seventh skin, thirty-first line of the said
Specification, and in the first line of the nineteenth skin of the said roll, the
words "by pushing the whipper Q" ought to be inserted between the words
"before" and "pushed" in that line.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, this Eleventh day of

page_text: accordingly granted leave to the said James Fisher to file his said Memo-
randums of Alterations, pursuant to the Statute passed in the sixth year of the
reign of His present Majesty, entitled "An Act to amend the Law touching
"Letters Patent for Inventions."