Improvements in and relating to Steam Superheaters.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Mar., 1898-Accepted, 3rd Dec., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Steam Superheaters.
We, MARTIN DUISBERG, Manufacturer, residing at 133, Köpnickerstrasse, and
HERMANN FRIEDRICH BONTÉ SCHAEFER, Engineer, residing at 13, Paukstrasse, both
at Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia, Empire of Germany, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
In ordinary superheaters the steam to be superheated is in direct connection
with the water in the boiler. Such superheaters dry the steam but do not super-
heat it because it is still connected with the liquid.
The present invention solves the problem of superheating steam at constant
volume, out of connection with the boiler water, by adding regulated inlets and
outlets to superheaters of suitable form.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawing is the front view, and Fig. 2 the plan of a
tube-shaped superheater with inlets and outlets in the shape of valves CC
actuated in the way of the Corliss gear. The inlet is actuated by a closed, oscillat-
ing crank link m, causing an alternately quicker or slower motion of the link m
of the draw-rod s and of the valve-lever h; the outlet C¹ however is so actuated
that a quick opening by the open crank-link m¹ takes place which is worked by
the periodically entering crank k¹, and after this a sudden closure by the spring f
after the crank has released the open link.
The gearing-apparatus shown on drawing possesses three toothed wheels z¹ 22 z.
The wheels z and 2 are fast on their shafts; however is adjustable on wedge g
and secured against lateral yielding by the set-ring r.
This arrangement enables to adjust the two cranks k and at any angle to
each other, whereby a lead of the two cranks is caused accordingly.
The present superheating-apparatus therefore works as follows:
The inlet e is opened while the outlet is kept closed; with the crank moving
on (from ), the inlet is closed while the outlet also still remains closed. The
steam which is now in the superheater and which takes up a constant volume,
receives warmth from its surroundings.
(The superheater may be arranged in the smoke-box of a locomotive, in the
smoke-chamber of a ship-boiler, or it may be heated by a separate fire.)
The crank, which has now set the oscillating crank-link into quick motion,
then suddenly releases the same so that the spring f quickly closes the open outlet.
For the working of steam-engines, at least two superheaters geared in common
with their respective inlets and outlets are required. Where steam is also em-
ployed for boiling, or other manufacturing purposes, at least three, or better four
superheaters and two elements are required, but which are also geared in common.
The cranks k of the inlets are then set at 120° or 90° to each other, while the
outlets (", under the same angle to each other, receive the corresponding lead.
This lead of the crank after the cranks k conditions the intervals of time
in which the steam enclosed in the superheater-element finds time to take up new
warmth. The valve V and the pipe D serve to feed the engine with boiler-steam

page_text: when the working commences, because after finishing work, for instance at night,
all rods s are lifted out of the levers h h¹ by means of the handles, all outlets of
the superheaters are closed by setting h¹, accordingly, while all inlets of the
superheaters must be opened by setting h.
The steam contained in the single elements of the superheater has now been
placed in connection with boiler-water, and the single elements being thus set
there can be no higher pressure in the superheater than the pressure in the boiler
itself, after the finish of work.
When commencing work, for instance in the morning, the levers h h¹ are con-
nected to the rods ss by means of the handles, after the valve V and pipe D has
first been used for leading the steam to the engine or to the factory in order to
start the working; then the communicator of the wheel-work and the latter itself
is started, whereupon the motion is stopped by closing the valve V.
Z is the steam pipe communicating with the boiler, A is that, which conducts
the steam to the engine. U is the curved pipe in which the steam is superheated,
such pipe being inserted by means of a connecting part U₁ between the inlet and
outlet organs CC respectively. c in Fig. 1 is the valve body of the inlet organ C
shown, for example, in form of a valve as employed in a Corliss-gear.
It is clear that the whole of the steam must now pass the existing 3 or 4
superheaters, and that it remains for a certain time enclosed in every one of the
elements in order to alter its temperature and pressure.
It is of advantage to from one inlet and outlet (Fig. 3) branch off several super-
heating elements joined up in quantity in order to obtain a larger volume and a
greater heating surface, of course the volume of the pipes must in the single
phases be always according to the consumption of steam.
Instead of the Corliss-valves there may be slide-valves, three-port valves, or
piston-valves employed as distributing means, but the succession of motion must
always be as above described. The forced motion of the inlets and outlets can
therefore, instead of the oscillating crank-links, also be caused by other mechan-
isms, such as a rotating crank-link, suitable rod-constructions, or the like, if only,
the opening-phases and the intervals of the inlets and outlets are kept as described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is ;
1. In a steam superheater with constant volume the arrangement of a distribut-
ing valve-motion independent of the station of consumption and regulating the
outlet, consisting of links connected with the inlets and outlets, oscillating round
a fixed end-point, actuated by cranks sliding in the same, which are impulsed by
toothed wheels rotating on their axles and adjustable in their plane of rotation,
for obtaining a mutual lead of the cranks, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
2. In a steam distributing apparatus the arrangement of open links acted upon
by springs for obtaining a sudden closure of the distributing means, substantially
as and for the purpose set forth.