IMPROVEMENTS IN WRITING INSTRUMENTS
Year: 1885

page_text: I WILLIAM FREDERICK BARTON MASSEY-MAINWARING of 30 Grosvenor Place in
the County of Middlesex, Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN WRITING INSTRUMENTS to be as follows:-
The invention relates to improvements in writing instruments in which lead or
other solid substance is used as the marking material.
In carrying my invention into effect instead of employing as heretofore lengths
of lead of square, circular or other section either rigidly or moveably mounted in
the holder, I employ small discs or wheels of lead or other solid marking material
formed with a central or axial aperture and with a V shaped edge or periphery.
This wheel may in some cases have its central or axial aperture bushed or lined
with metal or other material.
I form the holder with a stud or axis projecting at right or other suitable angle
from its lower end and on this stud or axis I mount a disc or wheel of the character
above described means being provided whereby the wheel or disc may be readily
and securely mounted thereon and as readily dismounted therefrom when it is
required to replace it by a new one.
I also in some cases mount on the holder a moveable sharpener which when
required can be brought into position to act on the periphery of the disc or wheel
to sharpen the same.
When it is required to produce an instrument for making a number of parallel
lines I mount as many discs or wheels on the axis as may be required and if
necessary washers may be placed between the discs or wheels in order to space
them correctly.
I form the holder hollow and with a central longitudinal wire fixed at the inner
end only; on this wire I place the discs or wheels in order to hold them secure
against injury. If desired a coiled spring may be placed in the holder around the
wire so as to force the discs or wheels towards the open end thereof or such spring
may be used without the central wire.

page_text: Improvements in Writing Instruments.
I WILLIAM FREDERICK BARTON MASSEY-MAINWARING of 30 Grosvenor Place in
the County of Middlesex, Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of the invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
The invention relates to improvements in writing instruments in which lead or
other solid substance is used as the marking material.
..
In carrying my invention into effect instead of employing as heretofore lengths
of lead of square, circular or other section either rigidly or moveably mounted in
the holder I employ small discs or wheels of lead or other solid marking material
formed with a central or axial aperture and with a V shaped edge or periphery.
This wheel may in some cases have its central or axial aperture bushed or lined
with metal or other material.
I form the holder with a stud or axis projecting at right or other suitable angle
from its lower end and on this stud or axis I mount a disc or wheel of the character
above described, means being provided whereby the wheel or disc may be readily
and securely mounted thereon and as readily dismounted therefrom when it is
required to replace it by a new one.
I also in some cases mount on the holder a moveable sharpener which when
required can be brought into position to act on, the periphery of the disc or wheel
to sharpen the same.
When it is required to produce an instrument for making a number of parallel
lines I mount as many discs or wheels on the axis as may be required, and if
necessary washers may be placed between the discs or wheels in order to space
them correctly.
I form the holder hollow and with a central longitudinal wire fixed at the inner
end only; on this wire I place the discs or wheels in order to hold thein secure
against injury. If desired a coiled spring may be placed in the holder around the
-wire so as to force the discs or wheels towards the open end thereof or such spring
may be used without the central wire.
And in order that the said invention may be more clearly understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed aided by the accompanying drawings more fully
to describe the same.
A
DESCRIPTION. OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a side view showing separately a disc or wheel of marking material
formed according to my invention Figure 2 is an exterior view partly in section
of a complete writing instrument constructed according to my invention and
Figure 3 is an exterior view thereof drawn at right angles to Figure 2.-Figure 4
is an exterior view partly in section of a modified form of instrument, and Figure 5
is an exterior view of an instrument arranged for marking a number of parallel
lines. Figures 6 represent an edge view and a side view of a disc or wheel
separately. Figure 7 represents a side view of a modified form of disc or wheel,
and Figure 8 represents an edge view of a further modification thereof.

page_text: All the figures, with the exception of Figure 1, are drawn to an enlarged
scale and similar letters are employed therein to indicate corresponding parts.
a represents a disc or wheel of lead or other solid marking material which is
formed with a central or axial aperture a¹ and with a V shaped edge or
periphery as which runs upon the surface desired to be marked.
This wheel a may be formed with a plain central or axial aperture a¹ therein as
shown at Figures 1 and 6 or such aperture may be fitted with a metal or other
bushing or lining a3 as shown at Figure 7.-b is the holder which is formed with
a stud or axis 6 projecting at right angles or it might be at any other suitable
angle from the lower end of such holder b. This stud or axis b¹ is formed with a
shoulder or flange 62 thereon and a disc or wheel a is mounted upon the stud or
axis 61 such shoulder or flange 62 assisting to retain the disc or wheel a in position
upon the stud or axis b¹.
According to the arrangements shown at Figures 2, 3 and 4. A spring arm b
attached to the holder b. by a screw 65 or by other means carries at its lower end
a boss or collar b³ formed to fit upon the stud or axis 6¹ and thus confine the disc
or wheel a between the shoulder or flange 62, and such boss or collar b³ but so as
to allow of the wheel or disc a freely revolving.
This device while securely retaining the disc or wheel a in position upon the
stud or axis b¹ at the same time admits of a disc or wheel being readily mounted
thereon or dismounted therefrom when it is required to replace a worn out disc by
a new one the spring simply requiring to be forced back thus removing the boss
or collar 63 from the stud or axis b¹ and leaving such stud or axis free. Or any
other suitable device may be employed for effecting this object.
In some cases and according to the arrangement shown at Figures 2 and 3
I mount upon the holder a a moveable sharpener c formed on or carried by a
sleeve csliding upon the holder 6 or the sharpener may be otherwise mounted
upon the holder 6 provided it is capable of being brought into position to act upon
the periphery of the disc or wheel a in order to sharpen the same.
I form the holder 6 hollow and with a central longitudinal wire or rod d fixed
at the lower end to the holder b but free at the upper end thereof, and upon this
wire or rod d I place the discs or wheels a which are to be kept in reserve in order
to hold them secure against injury.
A coiled spring d³ may be placed in the holder 6 around the wire or rod d so as
to force the discs or wheels a upwards towards the open end of the holder b; or
according to the arrangement shown at Figure 4 the coiled spring d' may be
employed without the central wire or rod d for this purpose.
At Figure 5 I have shown a form of instrument suitable for marking a number
of parallel lines. In this case discs or wheels a of the required number are mounted
upon a stud or axis band such wheels or discs a are correctly spaced or held in
position at regular intervals by means of washers 65 placed upon the stud or axis b¹
and between the discs or wheels a. The stud or axis b¹ is carried at each end in a
bracket b* secured to the holder b by means of screws 65 or one bracket might be
permanently fixed to the holder by rivetting or otherwise and the other might be
removeably connected therewith by means of screws or otherwise for the purpose
of allowing of the placing in position, and removal of wheels or discs a and such
bracket bis formed with a shoulder 6' as explained with respect to the previous
figures.
The modified form of wheel or disc a is found preferable where great freedom of
writing is desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. A wheel or disc such as a formed of lead or other solid marking material,
nrovided with e central or axial aperture a¹ and capable of being mounted upon an

page_text: axis carried by a holder substantially as herein shown and described and for the
purpose stated.
-
2. A writing instrument consisting of a holder such as 6 provided with a stud or
axis such as b¹ carrying thereon a disc or wheel of lead or other solid marking
material a and provided with a spring arm 64 or other means for retaining such
disc or wheel in position upon the stud or axis b¹ substantially as herein shown and
described, and for the purpose stated.
3. A writing instrument consisting of a hollow holder 6 provided or not with a
central rod or wire d and spring d¹ and furnished at its lower end with a stud or
axis 6 disc or wheel a spring arm b' and moveable cutter c substantially as herein
shown and described and for the purpose stated.
4. A writing instrument consisting of a holder 6 furnished with brackets b*
carrying a shaft or axis b¹ upon which are mounted and suitably spaced, a number
of discs or wheels a of lead-or other solid marking material substantially as herein
shown and described and for the purpose stated.
Dated the 16th day of April 1886.
W: F. B. MASSEY-MAINWARING..
By Harris & Mills, Agents.