IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES AND APPARATUS FOR WARMING AND VENTILATING APARTMENTS AND BUILD- INGS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Brown at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th April
1859.
:
I, ROBERT BROWN, of No. 5, St. Paul's Churchyard, in the City of London,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STOVES AND APPARATUS FOR WARMING AND VENTILATING APARTMENTS AND BUILD-
INGS," to be as follows:-
My stove is made of metal, or earthenware, or both combined, and is formed
to burn either gas or ordinary fuel; it is constructed so as to admit into a
compartment or chamber fresh air from the external atmosphere, and to warm
it by contact with the heating surfaces herein-after described, and to pass it
warmed into the apartment or building to be warmed and ventilated.
Ventilation is effected by withdrawing the air rendered impure or unpleasant
by respiration, tobacco smoke, or other contamination, from the upper stratum
of the air of the apartment down tubes or channels passing through the stove
or down the wall, the mouths of such tubes or channels opening near to the
ceiling, their lower ends being carried down into, or around, or in contact with
the exterior of the channel through which the fresh cool air enters, and which
fresh air, by reason of such contact, imbibes à portion of the warmth of the
descending column of impure air, the rapidity of the current of such descending
impure air being increased by the condensation thus produced in it; the lower
end of the tube or channel is then turned up a passage in the stove leading to
the flue, which which it either surrounds or enters, and then passes into the

page_text: chimney. Combustion of the gas or fuel is sustained by air withdrawn from
near to the floor through openings under or beneath the door, or through the
interstices between the panes of glass therein, or it may be taken into the
combustion chamber from under some part of the floor of the apartment.
A glazed door or screen enclosing the fire is used to avoid accidents from fire
and to prevent dust from the firo entering the apartment or building. To
impart the cheerful aspect of a fire, the entrance into the combustion chamber
is surrounded wholly or partly by silvered glass or other reflecting medium, so
arranged as to multiply the appearance of the fire by reflections. The fire is
fed through the door, or side, or top of the stove. To increase the amount of
impure air withdrawn, an aperture is made from the apartment into the lowest
part of the entrance into the chimney, any may be regulated by any ordinary
contrivance.
The heating surfaces herein-before referred to are made of metal or burned
clay, and consist of cells or chambers placed abovo the gas or fire, open at the
bottom, and into which the heat rises as it is evolved, and cast off by the gas
or fire, and out of which it cannot escape without parting with a large amount
of its caloric, of which more and more is absorbed by the surrounding tops and
sides of the different cells and chambers into which the heated products of
combustion flow in succession until the reach the flue: The enclosed chamber
about and around the heating surfaces, into which the fresh air enters, I call the
heating chamber, and it has obstructive projections at different parts to
deflect and direct the current of fresh air against the heating surfaces, which
being well supplied with a continuous current of fresh air against, do not
become so hot as to decompose the air, or to singe the particles of dust or
organic matters floating in the air.