matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
A NEW MODE OF PRESERVING OR PROTECTING, ORNAMENTING, FINISHING, OR EMBLAZONING THE WHOLE OR CERTAIN PARTS OF LOCKS AND LATCHES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Barton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd
December 1873.
I, CHARLES BARTON, of West Bromwich, in the County of Stafford,
Accountant Clerk, do hereby declaro the nature of my said Invention
for "A NEW MODE OF PRESERVING OR PROTECTING, ORNAMENTING, FINISHING, OR
EMBLAZONING THE WHOLE OR CERTAIN PARTS OF LOCKS AND LATCHES," to be as
follows (that is to say) :-
0
My improvements apply to every description of locks or -latches, the
parts of which being made of metal are subject to oxidation and
abuse in tampering with the lock in an improper manner, to prevent
which I purpose protecting by the well known process of coating the
said parts with enamel, applied in the ordinary way, preferring the use
of such fluxions that will fuse at the lowest temperature, so that the
heating or firing in the process of the work shall not be injurious to the
finished lock or fitted parts by the degree of heat to which they are
necessarily subjected to vitrify, or cause the enamel to melt and flow
smoothly over the surface or surfaces of locks and latches I desire to
coat, the enamel or silicious glaze being of any colour or compound

page_text: colour as may be desired to give effect to the external portions, which
more particularly apply to outside door or rim locks, padlocks, and
latches, whole or in part, by which means oxidation is prevented,
appearance greatly improved, and security, from tampering or picking
more effectually provided.
Im- PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF FLUES FOR FURNACES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Stone at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
February 1873.
I, JAMES STONE, of Kirby Street, Hatton Garden, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for “Im-
PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF FLUES FOR FURNACES,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in certain improvements in the construction
and arrangement of flues for furnaces whereby the proper combustion
of the fuel is facilitated and the same economised. The flue shaft,
whether composed of brick or iron and whether placed vertically or
horizontally or at any angle, is continued beyond the crown or wall of
the furnace into the space above the fuel. The mouth of the shaft
may be made cylindrical, or may be bell shaped or of any other desired
form. The result of this arrangement is that the smoke and products
of combustion which rise from the incandescent fuel towards the upper
part of the furnace are deflected downwards by the projecting shaft of
the flue instead of at once entering the same and escaping in an un-
utilised state into the external atmosphere, and are consequently brought

page_text: into contact with or efficiently exposed to the heat of the burning fuel;
by these means all those portions of the smoke or other products of
combustion are effectually consumed and utilised instead of being
wasted, and thus render a smaller quantity of fuel for the attain-
ment of a given result necessary. This Invention is equally applicable
to furnaces in which two or more flues are employed as to those in
which one flue is used.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARratus FOR RELEASING OR DISENGAGING SHIPS' BOATS FROM THEIR SLINGS OR ATTACH- MENTS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Coope Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th November 1873.-A communication from abroad by Oscar
Holtermann, Marine Lieutenant, of Cherbourg, France.
I, JOHN COOPE HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company,
Patent Agents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARratus
FOR RELEASING OR DISENGAGING SHIPS' BOATS FROM THEIR SLINGS OR ATTACH-
MENTS,
a communication to me from abroad by Oscar Holtermann,
Marine Lieutenant, of Cherbourg, France, to be as follows:-
"
The Invention has for its object the simultaneous release from two
slings or attachments, and embraces the employment of central or
intermediate mechanism which receives in longitudinal traction or
tension the entire weight of the craft.
In performing the Invention the craft is hoisted by "dogs" or
cringles," which are pieces of rope in the form of a reversed V, having
a grapnel at each end, and being provided at the top with a shackle on
which the tackle is hooked. The grapnel is displaced by letting the iron

page_text: cringles run on and lengthening or shortening the stoppers in proportion,
taking care that when the craft is hoisted the stoppers are equally
tight.
The releasing mechanism is placed sometimes centrally and sometimes
at some convenient distance intermediate between the ends and centre
or middle of the length of the boat. The grapnels or hooks of this
mechanism are capable of tilting or turning on pins or joints to release
the ropes and have tail pieces to prevent the tilting or turning so long
as they are held by a detent to be worked or moved by a handle when
required.
The accompanying illustrative Drawing shews at Figures 1 and 2 a
plan and elevation of the releasing mechanism.
a, a, are the tilting hooks, and 6 the detent or turning bolt by which
they are held or released; others of the large scale Figures shew details
of the hooks, and the top Figure shews the general arrangement, use,
and application of the apparatus to a ship's boat; in this Figure two
case are illustrated by the two ends respectively; at the left is
represented the more general case of the arrangement and use of the
apparatus when the craft is hoisted on cringles, and at the right when
hoisted by its ends.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RAISING BUILDING AND OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick William Jackson at
the Office of the Commissioners of. Patents, with his. Petition, on
the 26th August 1873.
I, FREDERICK WILLIAM JACKSON, Engineer & Contractor, Albert
Works, Great Suffolk St., Southwark, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RAISING BUILDING
AND OTHER MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consist in so constructing a machine for raising,
suspending, and lowering of barrows laden with building and other
materials. It is also applicable as a lift in warehouses or elsewhere for
raising heavy weights and goods of all kinds.
I construct the machine as follows:-I make a cast-iron drum with
suitable flanges at each end for carrying the chain. To one of the
flanges externally is secured a friction pulley, the periphery of which I
cover with hard wood or other suitable material. The drum is firmly
fastened on a wrought-iron shaft, one end of which works in a suitable
plummer block, the other end work freely in an excentric.
excentric is made to revolve by means of a long lever. Independent
of this is another wrought-iron shaft with suitable bearings carrying a
This

page_text: friction or toothed wheel and driving pulley, this I call the driving shaft
as it takes its motion direct from the engine or other prime mover,
motion being communicated to the shaft by a belt or other appliance;
this shaft with friction or toothed wheel is always in motion.
The whole of the above machinery I firmly secure to a massive 5
wooden or iron frame or scaffold well braced' with wrought-iron tics.
The drum with friction wheel attached occupies the centre of the frame;
on one side of the friction wheel is the driving shaft, on the other a
dead brake secured by bolts to the side of the framework.
The mode of working is as follows:-The chain is conveyed from the 1
drum any distance and pass over a large grooved pulley where you
require the goods raised. A cord is brought from the lever to the man
who wish to raise the goods; he simply pulls the cord, brings the friction
wheels in contact, the drum revolves and the goods are raised to any
required height.
1
A NEW MATERIAL FOR BUILDING PURPOSES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Hydes and John Emil
Bennett at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 5th July 1873.
We, THOMAS HYDES, and JOHN EMIL BENNETT, both of Sheffield, in
the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "A NEW MATERIAL FOR BUILDING PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in building walls, breakwaters, houses, and
other buildings and structures of a material not heretofore employed for
that purpose. The material we propose to employ is that known as
' 'slag," being the refuse silica which accumulates in the furnaces
employed in the manufacture of blast or other iron or steel. We
propose to take the said slag and break it into pieces of suitable size
either by machinery or otherwise. These pieces we cement or unite and
bind together with mortar or cement of the ordinary kind, and employ
them for building walls, breakwaters, houses, and other buildings or
structures, in lieu of bricks, flints, stone, and other materials now
used.
Walls and other structures built according to this Invention will be
A NEW OR IMPROVED CROPPING MACHINE FOR 'CROPPING' KILMARNOCK AND OTHER KNITTED BONNETS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Dobson and John Mo
Knight at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 25th September 1873.
We, GEORGE DOBSON, of New Cumnock, Spinner, and JOHN M
KNIGHT, of Kilmaurs, Coal Master, both in the County of Ayr, North
Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of " A NEW
OR IMPROVED CROPPING MACHINE FOR 'CROPPING' KILMARNOCK AND OTHER KNITTED
BONNETS," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention, which relates to a new or improved arrangement or
construction of mechanism by means of which the time and labour at
present occupied in the operation of "cropping" Kilmarnock and other
knitted bonnets, is economised, consists of a cylinder having a spiral
thread thereon carried in bearings in a framework, and caused to rotate
against the edge of a steel blade which is attached to the frame at the
forward upper part of the cylinder, and thus cuts the raised pile of the

page_text: bonnet. The bonnet is placed upon a block which is supported by a
guide whose section is that of an arc of a circle fixed to the framework
at the after part of the revolving cylinder, and which by being brought
either nearer to or further from the cutting edge allows the pile to be
cut from the cloth of any required length.
VED APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR ATTACHING DISCS TO ROPES, AND FOR PREVENTING THE SLIPPING OF ROPES IN PASSING OVER OR ROUND DRUMS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Jackson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
February 1873.
I, JOHN JACKSON, of No. 17, Gracechurch Street, in the City of
London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
IMPROVED APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR ATTACHING DISCS TO ROPES, AND
FOR PREVENTING THE SLIPPING OF ROPES IN PASSING OVER OR ROUND DRUMS,"
to be as follows :-
for
The chief object of my Invention is to substitute wire rope for the chains
now used in what are known as chain pumps, and my Invention
consists: Firstly, of apparatus or means for attaching the lifting discs
of the pump to the rope, and secondly, of apparatus or means for
preventing the rope slipping in passing over or round the drum at the
top part of its travel; the first part of my Invention also applies to
securing discs to ropes for other purposes, and the second part to
preventing the slipping of ropes in passing over or round drums
employed for other purposes, such for example as those used in
hauling.

page_text: My apparatus or means for securing discs to ropes enables me to
secure the discs at any desired part, and to alter the position of the
discs if requisite; it consists of two half tubes with external screw
threads at their ends, and of two nuts to screw on to the ends of the
half tubes. The half tubes are passed through the central aperture of
the disc, and the nuts are then screwed over the half tubes to cause
them to grip the rope tightly; the two nuts also bear respectively against
the two faces of the disc and hold it securely between them. The
interior of the half tubes may be formed to correspond with the exterior
of the rope.
When this part of my Invention is to be used in
connection with clipping or nipping appliances on the drums I make
one face of the disc with a collar forming a continuation thereof, and
this collar is nipped or clipped by the jaws, as hereafter described.
When the disc is provided with this collar the nut on that side of the
disc bears against the outer end of the collar instead of against the face
of the disc.
My apparatus for preventing the slipping of ropes in passing round
drums consists in an arrangement of levers and jaws or nippers, as about
to be described. The rope in passing round in the groove of the drum
presses in the projecting end of a rod, the opposite end of which is
connected to an arrangement of levers which act upon jaws or nippers
and cause them to nip or clip the rope, or the collar before mentioned
when such is used. The drum may be provided with one, two, or more
of the nipping apparatus, and when the rope carries discs, as before
explained, the drum is suitably recessed to receive the discs as they pass
round it.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BUFFERS FOR RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK AND OTHER VEHICLES RUNNING IN TRAINS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Mc Grigor Croft at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd September 1873.
I, JOHN MC GRIGOR CROFT, of No. 15, Abbey Road, Saint John's
Wood, in the County of Middlesex, Physician and Member of Council
of the Inventors' Institute, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BUFFERS FOR RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK AND
OTHER VEHICLES RUNNING IN TRAINS," to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object to prevent the oscillation of vehicles
coupled together in trains, and to ensure their steady travelling by
simple means capable of being readily adapted to existing railway
rolling stock and other vehicles. For this purpose I make use of a
socket and ball arrangement applied to or constituting the heads of the
buffers, a hemispherical or suitably curved head of one buffer taking
into a corresponding concavity or recess formed in or attached to the
head of the opposing buffer of the adjoining carriage or vehicle, in such
manner as whilst obviating oscillation and ensuring safety of the
carriages or vehicles to allow the necessary play for enabling the train to
travel round curves or corners.
AN IMPROVED UNIVERSAL TOOL OR IMPLEMENT CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR WAREHOUSE AND HOUSEHOLD PURPOSES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William James Schlesinger at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 8th February 1873.-A communication from abroad by W. L.
Grout, of Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
I, WILLIAM JAMES SCHLESINGER, of Finsbury Street, in the County
of Middlesex, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED UNIVERSAL TOOL OR IMPLEMENT CHIEFLY DESIGNED
FOR WAREHOUSE AND HOUSEHOLD PURPOSES," a communication, to be as
follows:-
The object of the said Invention is the combination in a single tool or
implement of a number of tools or instruments such as are ordinarily
kept for use in warehouses and dwelling houses for performing various
carpentering, upholstering, gas fitting, and similar operations.
The said improved tool or implement comprises an adjusting spanner
for screw nuts and bolts, a pipe wrench, an ordinary nail hammer, and a
tack and claw hammer, a screwdriver, a bed key, and a holder for the
reception of a gimlet, bradawl, or other like instrument.
These various parts are all so constructed and combined that the
complete implement is very compact and not larger than an ordinary

page_text: adjusting spanner of the same capacity, while at the same time it has
great strength and is capable of very ready adjustment to permit either
of its parts to be used.
The said tool or implement is constructed with two main pieces which
have jaws and form the adjusting spanner. One of the said pieces has
a shank which slides through a socket in the other piece; the end of
this shank is formed with a screw thread which passes through an
adjusting nut; the latter is fitted in a small aperture in the handle of
the implement and has milled edges projecting at the sides of the same.
An extension of the jaw on the opposite side of this socketed piece forms
the nail hammer; the other jaw serves also as the tack hammer, and an
extension of the same at the back is formed with claws; within these
claws I pivot a small toothed or serrated jaw, which in combination with
the said claws and the first mentioned hammer forms the pipe wrench.
At the end of the screw shank I form the screwdriver. When the two
parts or pieces of the implement are connected this screw driver is
contained in the handle which is made hollow, but when the screw-
driver is to be used the part of the implement on which it is formed is
withdrawn from the other part by turning the aforesaid nut. The said
handle is formed with a square hole to serve as a bed key; it is also
provided with a screw cap or other suitable contrivance for holding a
gimlet, bradawl, or other implement.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE-GRATES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Barnes and Robert
Chalk at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 10th December 1873.
We, THOMAS BARNES and ROBERT CHALK, both of Accrington, in the
County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE-GRATES," to be as follows:-
This Invention is designed principally to be applied to domestic
cooking ranges, but with slight modifications it is also equally appli-
cable to other fire-grates.
The object of the Invention is to economize fuel, and the Invention
consists principally in so constructing and arranging the fire-grate that
it will hold only a small quantity of fuel in comparison to the grates of
the ordinary kind, and the whole fire-grate (front, back, sides, and
bottom), can be drawn forwards so that it projects a considerable distance
into the room and the entire heating surface is available, or it can be
pushed back into the ordinary position.
The front sides and bottom are made with open bars; the back is a
fire-clay tile made with horizontal slots, sloping upwards and backward

page_text: so that ashes or cinders will not fall through to the back. Behind this
fire-clay back is a heating box, the top of which (as well as the top of
the grate) is fitted with a hot plate for cooking purposes, the hot plate
of the heating box being slightly higher than that of the fire-grate, so
that when the latter is pushed back it can pass under the former.
The fire-grate slides between two cheeks, each of which has an opening
on one side for the oven and the other for the boiler flue. When the
grate is pushed in, the fire-clay back is behind these flue openings and
the draught passes through the side gratings into them, but when it is
drawn forward the fire-clay back is in front of the said openings, and the
flues open into the heating box and all the flame and heat from the fire
passes through the latter on its passage to the flues. Thus the oven and
boiler are heated in both positions of the grate.
The fire-grate may be mounted upon slides or rollers, or it may swing
upon rods or parallel bars, and it may be moved forwards and backwards
by a rack and pinion or other convenient means.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN OR CONNECTED WITH PIANOFORTES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Burton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th March
1873.
I, JOHN BURTON, of Conduit Street, in the City of Westminster,
Pianoforte Tuner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN OR CONNECTED WITH PIANOFORTES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improvement in the construction of that
part of a pianoforte termed the fret or panel work, which is usually
introduced or let in the front of the instrument, and behind which silk
or other back ground material is stretched or placed.
Heretofore such fret or panel work has been made of wood, which it
has been ascertained (and particularly in warm climates) is constantly
subject to warp or "cast," and in consequence of the weakness and
brittleness of the wood after the fret has been cut in it, the fret or panel
work is often broken or injured when being dusted or cleaned, and the
silk or background soiled and injured.
To remedy these disadvantages this Invention is designed, and it
nonsists in onl

page_text: of metals, or in some cases from metal combined with wood, in lieu of
the ordinary wood fret or panel work. It is proposed to stamp out the
metal to the required fretwork pattern, or it may be cut or moulded;
and such a surface is to be produced on it that it can be either plated,
gilt, bronzed, burnished, lacquered, ebonized, or painted, coloured, or &
stained, as may be desired.
Fret or panel work made in the above-described manner can be
produced at a much less cost than hitherto, the appearance will be much
superior, the silk or other back ground, although being more shown
will not be liable to be so much soiled or injured; the old wood fret- 1
work needing frequent polishing or cleaning, but the present will not
require any polishing, and will last for years; it will also be found
particularly suitable for warm climates owing to its not being liable to
warp or "cast," or to be affected by change of temperature.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF PREPARING TEXTILE FABRICS, INDIA-RUBBER, GUTTA PERCHA, AND OTHER LIKE MATERIALS TO PRESERVE THEM FROM DECAY
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Whittemore Torrey at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 9th July 1873.
I, SAMUEL WHITTEMORE TORREY, of the City and State of New York,
United States of America, now of No. 8, Southampton Buildings,
London, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF PREPARING TEXTILE FABRICS, INDIA-RUBBER,
GUTTA PERCHA, AND OTHER LIKE MATERIALS TO PRESERVE THEM FROM DECAY," to
be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the use of carbolic acid, coal tar, naphtha, or
other similar antiseptic materials in the preparation of cotton or linen
cloth, india-rubber, gutta percha, and other like materials to preserve
them from decay. The said Invention is especially applicable to
materials used in the manufacture of hose, in the construction of life
rafts, and for other like purposes.
In practising the said Invention, the cloth or other textile material is
saturated with the carbolic acid or other preservative substance by
immersion or by pressure of steam in a closed vessel. The india-rubber

page_text: or gutta percha is treated in the same or a similar manner, and may be
combined with the cloth or textile fabric by passing them together
between rollers. The cloth or other materials thus treated will be so
protected from decay or decomposition that when exposed to the
atmosphere or to the action of sea water or other similar destructive E
influences they will be found much more durable than the same or
similar materials not treated by my process.
AN IMPROVED KETTLE FOR DOMESTIC USE
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jolin Tompkins at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th
October 1873.
I, JOHN TOMPKINS, of Clapham Road, in the County of Surrey,
Paymaster in the Royal Navy, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED KETTLE FOR DOMESTIC USE," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the application of tubes to kettles of any
ordinary make, whereby I obtain a considerable increase of heating
surface, permitting the contents of the kettle to be boiled in much less
time than hitherto.
I propose to make my improved kettle with two heating tubes starting
from the bottom of the kettle and passing diagonally upward through
the body thereof, the upper orifices of those tubes coming between the
lid and the back of the kettle one on each side the handle, the incline of
the tubes thus following the direction of the draught towards the
chimney of the fire-place. I may however find it preferable to incline
the tubes from the bottom towards the front instead of the back of the

page_text: kettle, to place them vertically or otherwise, and to use one or more
instead of two tubes as above mentioned.
I propose to make my heating tubes of a conical form, the opening by
which the fire or heat enters the tube being of greater diameter than the
outlet orifice, but the tube or tubes might be of one diameter throughout,
and straight or curved.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGES AND WAGONS WITH FOLDING HEADS OR COVER- INGS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Fowler and George
Mackay at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 17th April 1873.
We, JOHN FOWLER and GEORGE MACKAY, both of Harrogate, in
the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGES AND WAGONS WITH FOLDING HEADS OR COVER-
INGS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a certain construction and arrangement or
constructions and arrangements as hereafter described to be applied to
carriages for the purpose of assisting to raise and lower the heads of the
same.
1st. We use for raising and lowering, or assisting to raise and lower
the heads of carriages a pin joint fixed to the body, pillar, elbow, or any
other suitable part, connected thereto is a rod or stay composed of a
spiral or barrel spring made of steel or other suitable material, we also
fix a projection to the upright head pillar with a hole through for the
above-mentioned rod or stay to slide through, when the carriage head

page_text: is pressed the projection presses against the spring, and when the head is
lowered the spring closes and is thrown to the opposite side of the
centre remaining closed until the head is raised, then the springs return
to their original position.
2nd. We also use the ordinary outside head rod or stretcher for the
purpose of communicating motion from the cantrail. From the interior
of the carriages to the outside head rod or stretcher we use the ordinary
cantrail joint, but affixed thereto is a solid prop or stud provided with
a collar or flange, the collar or flange is cut or slotted to admit of a
projection fixed to the top end of the inside of the head rod or stretcher.
When the cantrail or the door top piece is moved the solid prop or
stud revolves, and the slot or cut in the flange or collar affixed thereto
strikes against the projection on the head rod or stretcher and causes the
same to have the necessary folding motion.
3rd. We fix a lock or check to the head pillar actuated by the glass 1
frame, this secures the head when the glass frame is up and retains it
in that position until the glass frame is dropped into the door.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PROPELLING STEAM LAUNCHES AND OTHER TWIN SCREW VESSELS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Morrison at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
March 1873.
I, JAMES MORRISON, of Constantinople, Engineer, at present residing
at the "Homer" Coffee House, Agar Street, Strand, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PROPELLING STEAM LAUNCHES AND OTHER
TWIN SCREW VESSELS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for
propelling steam launches and other twin screw vessels. For this
purpose I employ a single steam cylinder oscillating upon trunnions.
The cylinder is placed between the two screw shafts, and there are piston
rods on both sides of the piston, by which the piston is coupled with
the crank pins of the two screw shafts, each screw shaft terminating in
a disc having the crank pin fixed in it. The screw shafts revolve in
opposite directions, and it is not intended that the engine should ever be
reversed.

page_text: The blades of the screws are able to turn in their bosses, and they can
at any time be shifted whilst the engine is at work so as to increase, or
diminish, or reverse the pitch of the screw as may be desired. The
blades are furnished with crank arms contained within the boss of the
screw, and from these rods pass along the screw shaft in grooves formed
to receive them to the interior of the vessel, where they are attached to
a ring, which by a lever handle can be slidden to and fro along the shaft.
Two such handles are provided, one to each screw, so that one screw may
be reversed or its propelling action arrested whilst the other screw
is working forward. By similar means if desired the blades may be 1
feathered so as not to interfere with the sailing of the vessel. In
this way complete control of the vessel is obtained without interfering
with the engine or the use of the rudder.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO CASKS AND BARRELS AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES OF MANUFACTURE
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Potto Clarke at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th August 1873.
I, JOSEPH POTTO OLARKE, of Bassingbourne, in the County of
Cambridge, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO CASKS AND BARRELS AND OTHER SIMILAR
ARTICLES OF MANUFACTURE," to be as follows:-
The improvements comprising the present Invention consists in the
permanent application to casks, barrels, & similar articles of manu-
facture of certain means for preserving the corks or bungs thereof in a
solid and sound state, and for quickly extracting or removing them
without injury, so that they can continually be reused.
The improved means consist of a finger ring permanently attached and
hinged to a circular plate in a groove in which it lies. On the inner
side of the plate next the barrel is a screwed projection to which the
bung or cork is permanently attached. A continuance of this circular
plate is hinged at about the centre of the barrel to another hinged piece,

page_text: which is screwed to the barrel, but capable of being moved round the
screw as a centre.
When desired to pull the bung or cork from the barrel so as to
provide it with a tap or cock to withdraw its contents as desired, by
lifting and pulling outwards the finger ring, the cork or bung is removed
from its hole, the hinges allowing of this movement, and by turning the
plate and cork round the screw as its centre to an inverted position the
cork or bung.may be placed in a mock bung hole till the barrel is empty
and the tap removed, when it may be replaced.
AN IMPROVED ROTARY ENGINE
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Delamotte Mott at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his. Petition, on the
15th September 1873.
I, FRANCIS DELAMOTTE MOTT, of Stoke Newington, in the County of
Middlesex, Accountant, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "AN IMPROVED ROTARY ENGINE," to be as follows:-
In carrying my Invention into practical effect I employ a piston
attached to a main axle, and capable of revolving within a sur-
rounding steam cylinder. In the circumference of the drum are
himged or otherwise attached (after the manner of floats in a paddle
wheel) at regular intervals (say) three movable pistons, which I prefer
to construct of a segment of the circumference of the drum in such
a manner as to close down into a recess therein during one portion
of each revolution, and form a portion of the said circumference until
arriving at the main steam port. As they pass this port the pressure
of steam entering the recess between themselves and the drum they
are in succession raised away from the circumference of the drum.
This movement may however be commenced by springs inserted into

page_text: the drum between it and the piston. The steam thus keeps the
piston under operation fully opened as far as the hinge or its other
connection will allow, viz. to an angle of somewhat less than
90 degrees with the circumference of the drum, and the pressure
of steam on the piston is communicated to the drum through the
hinge, and causes the revolution thereof and of the axle whence the
motion may be suitably transmitted in any required direction.
The operating direction of the steam is determined by a fixed
diaphragm placed immediately before the steam port, that is, fixed
inside the cylinder at the part of its inner circumference which the
pistons passes just before reaching the steam port. After the maximum
effect of steam pressure has been produced the outer (when closed)
surface of each piston comes under the action of condensation. Imme-
diately before arriving at the steam port the pistons are closed down in
their recesses in the drum in order to be able to pass the diaphragm by
impinging against the latter.
To effect an accurate steam-tight fit at the ends of piston drum, I
employ an annular packing fixed on its inner and free on its outer
edge. After working for a short time the frictional parts themselves
acquire a very accurate fit, but the outer sides of the cylinder may
nevertheless be constructed so as to be capable of being screwed up
as the edges of the pistons and sides of the drum wear away.
A rotary engine constructed thus attains the following advantages:—
Economy in first cost of construction and in working; comparative
immunity from accident; fewness of working parts; absence of yalves; a
non-existence of changes of strain, as experienced in the ordinary re-
ciprocating engines; and facility of making parts interchangeable; and
of repair.
With slight modifications the principle is equally adaptable to a water
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1873

page_text: (
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Elijah Helm at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th July
1873..
I, ELIJAH HELM, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, do
.hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the mechanism employed for effecting the
alternate motion of the " slay" and is intended to dispense with the
employment of cranks and crank arms for that purpose, and to get a
more evenly balanced motion than heretofore at the same time that the
beating up" or forward motion of the reed to the cloth takes place at
a quicker speed than the withdrawal or backward motion of the same.
65
Upon the main or fly wheel shaft of the loom (which in new looms
will be made without cranks) I key or otherwise fix two spur wheels, one
near to each side frame of the loom; each of these wheels is in gear with
a similar wheel of the same diameter mounted upon a stud placed
nearer to the front of the loom. Each of these last named wheels carries
on its side (or on one of its arms) a crank pin fitting into a hole in a

page_text: slide which works in a vertical slot made in a bracket bolted or
otherwise attached to or forming part of the "slay sword."
It will be evident that as the crank pins travel round the circle once
for each revolution of the same shaft (but in the reverse direction) they
will move the slides up and down in the slots and cause the slay to
vibrate backwards and forwards.
It will be evident that the radii of the arc described by the slay in
its motion form tangents to the circumference of the circle described by
the pin at points below the centre of the said circle, and therefore a
larger section of the circumference is traversed by the pin in carrying
the slay backwards than in driving it forwards, it follows that the
beating up movement will be quicker than the return of the slay.
Another advantage derived from dispensing with the crank arms is
that cloth may be woven the full width of the reed, which could not be
done when the crank arms are employed to actuate the slay.
It is evident that the method of actuating the slay by means of a
crank pin on the second wheel acting in a slot or slide is equally
applicable whether the slay is supported and vibrates on slay swords as
usual, or whether it is caused to slide to and fro horizontally. In this
case however whilst the evenly balanced motion is still retained the
variation in the speed of the backward and forward motion would not be
gained.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WIRE CARDS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Walton, of Haughton Dale Mills, in
the County of Lancaster, Wire Card Manufacturer, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WIRE CARDS."
Scaled the 18th July 1873, and dated the 9th May 1873.

page_text: Now my Invention consists in the application of the finer sizes of
angular wire, whether rolled or drawn for the manufacture of fine wire
cards, commencing at count No. 90 and upwards, which fino wire cards
are suitable for covering the cylinders and doffers of carding engines
and other rollers used in preparing and cleaning cotton and other
fibres.
By angular shaped wire I understand wire with two flat or curved
sides and a flat or curved base, and these angular wires are set in the
india-rubber, cloth, or other substance, so that the acute angle of the
wire is first presented to the fibres in the operation of carding. The
said cards made. of angle wire require considerably less grinding and are
much more durable than wire cards of the ordinary descriptions; they
also make much less waste in the operation of carding, and are there-
fore more economical in these important respects.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Baird at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
October 1873.
I, ROBERT BAIRD, of the Firm of Macnie and Baird, Engineers,
Stirling, in the County of Stirling, North Britain, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR
STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows, that is to say :—
This Invention has for its objects to render steam boiler furnaces more
efficient, and to economise fuel; and it comprises improved arrange-
ments which are easily adaptable to existing boilers, as well as in the
construction of new boilers.
In carrying out the Invention the air necessary for combustion is
supplied in a heated state beneath the fuel, which is laid on a surface or
bed consisting only partially of grate bars of the ordinary kind, but
shorter and of greater than the ordinary breadth relatively to the spaces
between them.
The bed of the fire for a certain distance forward from the bridge
conciste of an inner iran plate which may be formed with a few air holes :

page_text: the bars are placed forward of the inner plate, and have forward of them
a front iron plate corresponding to the ordinary dead plate, but of some-
what more than the ordinary length. The front plate may also have a
few air holes near the front ends of the bars. The bridge is made of iron
and hollow, and the air for combustion acquires a large part of its heat
by passing through this hollow bridge. The air is led from the bridge
into a chamber which is formed beneath the fire by a horizontal partition
plate fixed across what is ordinarily the ash-pit, a close fitting door being
arranged at the front end of such chamber for withdrawing ashes when
necessary. The air may have direct access to the hollow bridge by
passing along under the horizontal partition plate in the ash-pit; or
before entering the bridge it may be led through flues, ducts, or pipes
arranged beyond the bridge, or in any part of the fire-gas flues, so as to
take up the more heat, which is of course not lost as it is returned into
the fire.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE- PLACES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ECONOMIZING FUEL AND DIFFUSING HEAT
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John William Augustus Taylor
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 20th March 1873.
I, JOHN WILLIAM AUGUSTUS TAYLOR, of the Rookery, Headington,
in the County of Oxford, Clerk, do hereby declare the nature of my
said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE-
PLACES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ECONOMIZING FUEL AND DIFFUSING HEAT," to be as
follows:-
The Invention is designed for the purpose of constructing the seats
or places for the fire-grate containing fuel in private or public buildings
in such a manner that the waste heat now absorbed by the walls and
places adjacent to fire-places will be utilized in the generation and
diffusion of heat into the apartment or room in which such fire-places
may be situated. The improvements consist in constructing the back, top,
sides, and bottom of the fire-place containing the grate of a hollow
chamber or receptacle, the back of which, by preference, should be
constructed of a material being a non-conductor of heat, and the
enclosure or side forming the back of the grate of corrugated metal or

page_text: other material capable of throwing off or radiating the greatest amount
of heat, the front of such receptacle or chamber facing the room being
composed of ornamental open metal work of any suitable design. Thus
it will be seen that by the novel construction and employment of a
chambered recess behind the fire-place as described the waste heat from
the fuel of the grate instead of being absorbed by the walls and places
adjacent to the fire will be utilized in the generation of hot air, which
as produced will pass out and diffuse heat into the room where such
fire-places are situated.
The roughened or undulated surfaces in the interior of the chamber
are arranged in a position that will throw off the greatest amount of
.heat.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAINS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Young at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
August 1873.
I, ALFRED YOUNG, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manager of Works, do hereby declare the naturo of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAINS," to be as follows :—
My Invention has for its object to prevent accidents by the breaking
of chains, and consists of the improvements herein-after described
whereby in the case of one link of a chain breaking the continuity of
the chain is preserved.
Instead of making chains of a series of single links linked together in
the ordinary way I take links of the ordinary kind and placing two of
the said links side by side I pass through and link therewith two other
links, and so on through the chain or any required length of the chain.
'
Although each link is compound, consisting of two parallel links, yet
the individual links of each compound link are not linked to both the
links of the adjoining compound link. Thus the two links of the second
compound link do not both pass through the two links of the first com-

page_text: pound link but one of the individual links of the second compound link is
linked through both the individual links of the first compound link, and
the second individual link of the second compound link is linked to the
second individual link of the first compound link, and so on through the
whole or any required length of the chain.
Instead of compound links consisting of two individual links each,
compound links consisting of three individual links, cach linked together
in the manner described, may be employed.
E
When a chain of the kind described is in use should any one of the
links break there is a parallel link by which the continuity of the chain 1
is preserved, and accident by the breaking of the chain is prevented.
My Invention is especially applicable as a safety coupling for railway
carriages, but is also applicable to chains in general.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR LOCKING RAILWAY POINTS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Easton Spooner at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th August 1873.
I, CHARLES EASTON SPOONER, of Port Madoc, in the County of
Carnarvon, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR LOCKING RAILWAY POINTS," to
be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to effect a perfect and certain locking
of railway points in a simple manner and by an inexpensive apparatus,
instead of by the system now commonly in use, the locking apparatus
being so arranged that the points must be locked under the immediate
eye of the pointsman.
i
In carrying out my Invention I place the facing points of the down
line under the control of one single pointsman, and the facing points of
the up line also under the control of one pointsman, each man having
his distinct and separate set of points to guard.
The locking is effected by direct action in connection with the point
signal and the distant signal, which are worked from the signal lever or

page_text: quadrant box fixed at and within easy and immediate range of the
pointsman. The signal wires from the lever or quadrant are connected
with a lever carrying a key pin, which works in a joint or hole in a fixed
perforated pedestal or block made to receive the key pin.
The lever rod (which is connected with and works the points) passes
at right angles through the pedestal, and this lever rod being flattened
vertically at the part where it passes through the pedestal has a keyhole
made through it to receive the key pin, which when in place in the
pedestal or fixed block effectually locks the points and prevents them
from moving. The distant signal, point signal, and lever box signal
will then indicate "all right," but when the points rod is not locked
(that is to say, when the locking pin is not in place) all the above-named
signals will indicate "danger," and will consequently block the line.
By this arrangement of the levers, points, and signals, the latter are
bound to indicate "danger" when the points are not locked, and when
they are locked there is no possibility of their being accidentally
unlocked or left partially open.
In order that all the parts above mentioned may always maintain
their relative positions, the chairs for the permanent way, the pedestal
for supporting the rod which works the points, and the lever which
carries the locking pin are all mounted on the same sleeper, which is
therefore of adequate dimensions to carry all these parts.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOSITIONS FOR PRESERVING MEAT, VEGETABLES, FRUIT, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF FOOD
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Juby Coleman at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
80th July 1878.
I, WILLIAM JUBY COLEMAN, of 16, The Avenue, Bennett Park,
5 Blackheath, in the County of Kent, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOSITIONS FOR PRESERVING MEAT,
VEGETABLES, FRUIT, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF FOOD," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to preserve fresh meat, fowls, fish,
game, and such like; also fruit, vegetables, butter, cheese, lard, and
O other such like articles of food.
Amplit
For this purpose I employ a mixture of,-
Sulphurous acid absorbed in water
.
Bisulphite of lime
Bisulphite of potash
B
-
1 pint.
..
2 gallons.
1 pint.
1 gallon.
2 lbs.
Bisulphite of soda
And sugar
The substances to be preserved are steeped in the above mixture.