Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Oct., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 9th July, 1897--Accepted, 28th Aug., 1897
I FREDERICK PARKER of No. 2 Wyndham Street, Brighton, Sussex, ex-Carriage
Builder do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention consists
Firstly. In a new form of Landau having a fixed roof or canopy to shade the inside
seats and to carry Luggage; the sides and the ends of the falling hood being lowered
and raised again by the passenger and kept in their position when up by a simple
device.
Secondly. In the body-part of the vehicle being composed mainly of a metal
tubular skeleton frame which will give rigidity to the structure and support to the
floors seats and roof and will afford the necessary attachments for the springs and
underworks and other members of the vehicle.
Thirdly. In utilizing the tubular skeleton frame as a reservoir wherein to carry a
days consumption of liquid fuel when the vehicle is intended to be propelled by an Oil
Motor Engine.
Fourthly. In suspending under the fore-part of the vehicle and at a suitable
distance from the ground, a platform whereon to build or to place a Motor Engine,
either of the oil, or of the steam, or of the electric kind as may be desired, so as to
be in direct communication with the fore-wheels and the axle thereof as a medium
wherethrough to transmit the driving power to the ground. This platform is
suspended from and attached to both fore and hind axles and sides on either buffer
springs or spiral springs of its own, so as not to interfere with the play of the ordinary
springs of the vehicle.
Fifthly. In surrounding the fixed canopy with a metal gutter and down pipe there-
from, to collect and to convey to the ground the rain-water falling on the roof, so as not
to allow of its being blown by the wind into the interior of the vehicle.
Sixthly. In so arranging the hinges of the hood and the pivots thereof that the
outermost head-hoop will in falling be drawn inwards so as to lessen its projection
beyond the shorter head-hoops when down.
Seventhly. In hanging the side windows on to the under-side of the wood-frame
of the roof by means of binges so as to turn up under it when opened, instead of
being lowered into the door.
Eighthly. In introducing into the seat-cushions and other upholstery, inflated india-
rubber chambers instead of spiral steel springs.
Ninthly. In super-adding to the ordinary rim of the wheels an outer additional
rim and tyre composed of circular steel springs so arranged as to afford the desired
elasticity and steadiness.
Dated this Eighth day of October 1896.
FREDK, PARKER.

page_text: Improvements in Road Vehicles Propelled by Horses or Motors.
I, FREDERICK PARKER of 2 Wyndham Street Brighton in the County of Sussex,
ex-Carriage Builder do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This Invention has for its object the street cab of the future, of two sorts i.e.:—
the horse drawn, and the Motor propelled, which I propose to designate "the
Albert Landau": capacious in seat room, with full luggage carrying capabilities,
openable all round, but with fixed rain shelter and sun-shade: light in structure:
compact in dimensions: with short turning qualities: and of moderate cost.
I now proceed to set forth the parts constituting this invention, some of which
are applicable to other pleasure road vehicles: and in so doing I make reference
to accompanying drawings in which like denoting letters and figures represent like
parts.
Fig. 1. Is an outline elevation representing a horse-drawn Landau, showing a fixed
canopy roof, with falling sides and ends to the hood; and my method of lowering and
raising the same.
Fig. 2. Is a perspective view of a tubular framework for a Landau body, showing
the means of filling and emptying the same when used as a reservoir for liquid fuel
of a motor car engine; also the means of collecting and disposing of the rainfall on
the roof of the vehicle.
Fig. 3. Is a perspective view of a platform on which to construct all the machinery
and adjuncts of a motor car engine; showing its position in relation both to the
passenger portion of the body of the vehicle, also to the driving wheels of the
vehicle; showing also my method of attaching the side windows of the vehicle.
Fig. 4. Represents a plan of a seat cushion stuffed with inflated elastic rubber
balls.
Fig. 5. Is a section through the same.
Fig. 6. Represents in elevation a road wheel, and a perspective view of my resiliant
outer rim and tyre attached to the same.
Fig. 7. Represents a plan of a portion of the outer rim.
A represents the fixed canopy roof of a Landau.
A¹ represents the door pillars.
A2 represents the corner pillars.
B represents the hinges of the falling hood.
B' represents the pivot on which the same moves.
B2 represents the pivot on which the outer hoop sticks move.
Bs represents the pivot on which the intermediate hoopsticks move.
C represents the inner hoopsticks.
C¹ represents the outer hoopsticks.
C² represents the intermediate hoopsticks.
D represents the cords by which the falling hood is lo ered and raised.
D¹ represents pulley wheels, which with their axles are either embedded in the
substance of the door pillars or hung on the inner side thereof.
D2 represents brackets, known as "Youngs Venetian blind cord fasteners" whereto
to attach the cords D to maintain the falling head in position when closed.
E represents a skeleton framework of a Landau body constructed of metal tubework,
to act also as a reservoir.
E represents a funnel shaped inlet wherethrough to fill the tubework with liquid
fuel for a Motor engine.

page_text: E is an outlet pipe with tap, wherethrough to feed the engine or to empty the
tubework.
F represents the platform to carry the engine and engineer of a Motor Car.
Frepresents stays by which the forepart of the platform is suspended from the
foreaxle, either with or without the intervention of springs.
Frepresents a stay by which the rear part of the platform is connected to, and
rests on, the centre part of the axle of the hind lockable rondwheels; acting also as a
tension rod thereto.
G represents the lockable road wheels of a fourwheeled road vehicle.
H represents the non-locking roadwheels of a fourwheeled road vehicle, to which
the brake-power is applied: used also as driving wheels when the vehicle is propelled
by Motor engine power.
J represents the rain water gutter of the fixed roof.
K represents the down pipe to conduct the rain water towards the ground.
L represents the side windows suspended by hinges from the roof, in lieu of sliding
down into the door in the ordinary way.
I represents a spring fastener whereby the same is suspended ander the roof when
not in use.
M represents inflated rubber balls, used as spring stuffing in the cushions and
upholstery of a road vehicle.
M¹ represents a board or frame on which the cushion is built.
M² represents an inner canvass cover wherewith the rubber balls are held in
position.
M³ represents an overcoating of horsehair stuffing.
M* represents an outer canvass wherewith the same is kept in position.
Ms represents tufts or buttons.
N represents steel loopsprings, introduced under the outer tyre of the wheel of a
road vehicle.
N' represents clips held by bolts or rivets, whereby the loop springs are kept in
position.
O represents a resiliant steel outer tyre, attached to the loopsprings.
The first part of this invention consists in constructing the passenger portion of
the body of a road vehicle in the Landau type as represented in Fig. 1; but the roof
part of the head thereof (A) being permanently fixed, the sides and ends thereof only
being made to fall in the usual way.
I frame a light conch roof, fitted with luggage mil, and supported on pillars
which may be continuations of the wooden corner pillars (A), and door pillars (A)
of the framework of the Landau body, or metal tubes in substitution thereof. I
construct each of the two falling parts of the head with three hoopsticks on either
side, C is the innermost hoopstick, C is the intermediate hoopstick, and C is the
outermost hoopstick; these are attached to a hinge B, and work on their pivots B', B,
and B. The two falling parts of the head being unencumbered with the falling
parts of the roof are the more easily raised or lowered by the passengers without the
aid of outside persons, or of the spring mechanism now in use for that purpose: and
this I accomplish by means of two cords (D) attached to each of the two parts of the
falling head, passing over pulley wheels (D1) attached to the door pillars; the raising
of each part of the head is operated by a passenger while seated pulling these cords and
passing them once round a device known in the ironmongery trade as a Young's
Venetian blind cord holder (D), attached to the door pillars for that purpose.
The second part of this invention consists in constructing a skeleton framework of
the Landau shaped part of the body of the vehicle, wholly or mainly of metal taking,
put together either with tapped and screwed connections, after the manner of iron gas
tubing, or with brazed connections after the manner of cycle frames, or otherwise.
This skeleton framework is in substitution of the usual wood framework combined
with heavy iron plates now in use in the construction of Landau bodies, and is made
with attachments therefrom to carry the roof, seats, floor; and other parts and
djuncts of a Landau body, which parts may be of either wood or other material.

page_text: Examples of metal tubular body frames are shown in Fig. 2 and 3 and are marked
thereon E.
The third part of this invention consists in so constructing and arranging the
relative position of the tubular framework and the motor engine, as to make the
former available as a reservoir for the liquid fuel when the vehicle is fitted with an oi!
motor engine. In Fig. 2; E represents the tubular framework; E is a funnelshaped
inlet wherethrough to pour in the liquid fuel: E is a pipe with tap wherethrough to
feed the engine, and to empty the reservoir.
I mount this vehicle on an ordinary set of cab wheels, and when a horsedrawn
vehicle is intended I attach to the passenger part of the body the usual front boot
and conchman's seat, and I place the lower road wheels and the locking underworks
at the fore part of the vehicle as shown in Fig. 1, but so arranged as to admit of the
horse turning at a greater angle than that turned by the locking forecurringe part, as
set forth in the first part of my Patent No. 19823 of 1896. But when a Motor driven
vehicle is intended I place the lower roadwheels and the locking underworks at the
rear of the vehicle as shown in Fig. 3, and I place the higher unlockable roadwheels
which in a Motor Car also. act as driving wheels to the forepart thereof for convenience
of direct contact with the motor power and with the brake power, both of which are
controlled by the engineer, who together with them is placed on a platform suspended
between the forewheels, as is set forth in the fourth part of this invention. G denotes
the lockable wheels: H denotes the unlockable wheels, which are subject to the brake
power, and in a motor car to the driving power also.
The fourth part of this invention consists in the construction and arrangement of a
platform suspended under the forepart of the body of a motor-car between the fore-
wheels, for the purpose of carrying a Motor engine with its adjuncts whether of the oil,
or steam, or electric kind, together with the driving gear, which usually are distributed
about the passenger part of the vehicle to the inconvenience of the passengers; thus
bringing them under the immediate control and supervision of the engineer whose
seat is placed also on this platform, and thus admitting of his inspecting, operating; and
rectifying the same without quitting the controlling levers of either engine, brake, or
steerage, all of which are placed also on this platform. F is the platform; F is an
ironstay by which it is connected to the centre of the axle of the steerable roadwheels,
on which it partly rests, and acting also as a tension rod thereto. Fare other iron
rods by which the platform is suspended from the foreaxle of the roadwheels. This
platform may either be enclosed by close hoarding or by open mail work, or by trellis
work, or otherwise, and will act as a footboard for the engineer whose seat is fixed
thereover, in reach of the steering shaft and of the break lever and of other controlling
agencies.
The fifth part of this invention consists in attaching to the sides and ends of the
fixed canopy a metal gutter, and downpipe therefrom, to collect and conduct towards
the ground, the rainwater falling on the roof, so as not to allow of its being blown into
the interior of the vehicle; as illustrated in Fig. 2.
J is the gutter which may be of the section known by builders as the O G section
or otherwise.
K is the downpipe connected to the same.
The sixth part of this invention consists in so arranging the hinges of the falling
head and the pivots thereof that the outermost head hoop will in falling be drawn
inwards, so as to lessen its projection beyond the, shorter head hoops when down; as
illustrated in Fig. 1. B is a hinge fixed to the inner hoopstick and at right angles
therewith. B1, B2, and B3, are pivots on which the three hoopsticks CC1 and C2 turn
in falling, in which action the outer hoopstick C and the intermediate hoopstick C
are drawn inwards by the fall of the hinge B.
The seventh part of this invention consists in hanging the side windows of a Landau
on to the underside of the roof frame by means of hinges, so as to turn up under it
when opened instead of being lowered into the door; as illustrated in Fig. 3.
L represents the side windows suspended by hinges from the roof in lieu of sliding

page_text: down into the door in the ordinary way: L represents a spring fastener whereby the
same is suspended under the roof when not in use.
The eighth part of this invention consists in introducing into the seat cushions and
other upholstery of a vehicle, inflated indiarubber chambers of a globular or other
form in lieu of spiral metal springs, as a means of giving resilience thereto: as
illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5.
M represents inflated rubber balls used as spring stuffing in the cushions and
upholstery of a road vehicle. M' represents a hoard or frame on which the cushion
is built. M M³ and M' represent canvass and stuffing wherewith the cushion is built
up, MB represents tufts or buttons whereby shape is maintained, I place a row of balls
of larger diameter at the sides and back of the cushion to form a raised rim.
The ninth part of this invention consists in super-adding to the ordinary rim of
the road wheels of vehicles, an outer additional rim and tyre composed of circular steel
springs so placed and arranged within an outer steel resilent tyre as to afford elasticity
with steadiness: as illustrated in Figs 6 and 7.
N represents steel springs each consisting of two loops, introduced under the outer
tyre of the wheel of a road vehicle and placed at right angles with each other, and at
an angle of 45 degrees from the direction of the tyre, to counteract both forward and
side strain.
N' represents clips held by bolts or rivets whereby the loop springs are kept in
position.
O represents a resilient steel outer tyre attached to the loop springs.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this my
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The construction of a Landau body with a fixed roof or canopy and falling sides
and ends; as set forth in part one of this invention and illustrated in Fig. 1.
2. The construction combination and arrangement of parts as applied to the
lowering and raising and holding in their position the falling parts of a Landau
head; as similarly set forth and illustrated.
3. The construction of the framework of a Landau Body mainly of metal tube,
as set forth in the second part of this invention and illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3.
4. The construction combination and arrangement of parts as applied to the
utilization of a tubular body frame of a Motor Car as a reservoir for the liquid fuel of
a Motor engine; as set forth in the third part of this invention and illustrated in
Fig. 2.
5. The combination and arrangement of parts of a motor car whereby the two
unlockable road wheels and their axle are placed at the fore part of the vehicle in
proximity to the engine and its adjuncts; as similarly set forth and illustrated in
Fig. 3.
6. The construction of a separate platform under the body of a Motor Car specially
to carry the engine and its adjuncts and the engineer, as set forth in the fourth part
of this invention and illustrated in Fig. 3.
7. The construction combination and arrangement of parts as applied to the roof of
Landau whereby the rainwater is caught and disposed of, as set forth in the fifth
part of this invention and illustrated in Fig. 2.
8. The construction and arrangement of parts as applied to the hinges of the
alling head of a Landau, as set forth in the sixth part of this invention and illustrated
n Fig. 1.
9. The arrangement of parts as applied to the hanging of the side windows of a
andau, as set forth in the seventh part of this invention and illustrated in Fig. 3.
10. The combination and arrangement of parts as applied to the upholstery of
oad vehicles, whereby inflated indiarubber chambers are used in lieu of spiral springs;
a set forth in the eighth part of this invention and illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5.
11. The construction combination and arrangement of parts as applied to the outer
ims of the road wheels of vehicles, whereby circular steel springs are placed cross-

page_text: wise with each other and diagonally with the. tyre; .as.set forth in the ninth part of
this invention and illustrated in Figs. 6 and. 7.
FREDK. PARKER,
⚫ Applicant.