Improvements in Freezing or Refrigerating Machines.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Apr., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 31st Dec., 181-Accepted, 6th Feb., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Freezing or Refrigerating Machines.
I, HENRY ALBERT FLEUSS, of 19 Adelaide Road, Brockley, in the County of
Kent, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows :-
My improvements relate especially to freezing or refrigerating machines such as
are described in the Specifications of former Patents granted to me Nos. 2408 in
the year 1886 and 223 in the year 1887.
With these machines if they are worked continuously for a long time an
accumulation of oil sometimes takes places below the suction valve at the bottom
of the pump cylinder and a good vacuum cannot then be maintained within the
apparatus. To remedy this I connect a plunger to the lower end of the valve
stem and cause the plunger to work within a small secondary cylinder which is
closed at the bottom and is at the top secured to the lower end of the pump
cylinder. When the valve is raised the plunger is raised with it and any oil which
has got below the suction valve can enter the cylinder. When the valve closes it
forces the plunger downwards and expels the oil from the bottom of the cylinder
through a pipe which leads upwards and returns the oil into the top of the pump
cylinder. A ball or other valve is placed in this pipe to prevent all return of oil
to the small secondary cylinder. To allow oil to pass into the small secondary
cylinder when the plunger is raised the upper part of the small secondary cylinder
may have grooved channels cut in it which allow oil to pass below the bottom of
the plunger when the plunger is nearly at the top of its stroke-or the plunger may
have passages formed vertically through it which are closed on the downward
stroke by a flap valve on the bottom of the plunger but are open when the plunger
ascends or both means may be employed.
In the machine described in the Specifications of the before mentioned Patents
the suction valve at the bottom of the pump cylinder was caused to open at the
times required by a spring clip fixed to the piston and made to clip a rod which
rose up from the valve. In place of attaching the spring clip rigidly to the piston
rod use a loose tubular clip the lower end of which is made with a flange
extending outwards from it. When the piston is raised the top of the delivery
valve which the piston carries will come against the flange at the bottom of the clip
and will then cause the clip to travel upwards with the piston and to lift the suction
valve.
In this way pressure is put upon the top of the piston delivery valve to assist in
keeping it closed on the up stroke of the piston. A coiled spring may also be
placed above the valve to assist in keeping it closed.
When the piston is moved downwards the lower end of the piston rod will come
against the flange and will then carry the clip downwards along with it.
In order that a large extent of surface may be kept wetted with sulphuric acid
within the absorber I fix upon the spindle of the agitator which is within the
absorber a horizontal disc somewhat above the level of the acid within the vessel-
through the disc openings are formed from which tubes or scoops descend to the
bottom of the absorber.
The tubes are curved or inclined in such a way that when the spindle is turned
in one direction acid from the bottom of the absorber passes upwards through the
tubes and is delivered on to the top of the disc and flows off from the outer edge
of the disc back again into the body of acid at the bottom of the absorber.
In order to prevent the tap used for admitting water to the freezing vessel from
becoming frozen I surround it by a cylinder or jacket open at the top and which

page_text: may be filled with water.
time.
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The water can if necessary be changed from time to
1001
HENRY A. FLEUSS.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION:
Improvements in Freezing or Refrigerating Machines.
I, HENRY ALBERT FLEUSS, of 19 Adelaide Road, Brockley, in the County of
Kent, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My improvements relate especially to freezing or refrigerating machines such as
are described in the Specifications of former Patents granted to me Nos. 2408 in
the year 1886 and 223 in the year 1887.
With these machines if they are worked continuously for a long time an
accumulation of oil sometimes takes place below the suction valve at the bottom of
the pump cylinder and a good vacuum cannot then be maintained within the
apparatus. To remedy this I connect a plunger to the lower end of the valve
stem and cause the plunger to work within a small secondary cylinder which is
closed at the bottom and is at the top secured to the lower end of the pump
cylinder. When the valve is raised the plunger is raised with it and any oil which
has got below the suction valve can enter the cylinder. When the valve closes, it
forces the plunger downwards and expels the oil from the bottom of the cylinder
through a pipe which leads upwards and returns the oil into the top of the pump
cylinder. A ball or other valve is placed in this pipe to prevent all return of oil
to the small secondary cylinder. To allow oil to pass into the small secondary
cylinder when the plunger is raised the upper part of the small secondary cylinder
may have grooved channels cut in it which allow oil to pass below the bottom of
the plunger when the plunger is nearly at the top of its stroke-or the grooves may
be in the lower part of the plunger.
In the machine described in the Specifications of the before mentioned Patents
the suction valve at the bottom of the pump cylinder was caused to open at the
times required by a spring clip fixed to the piston and made to clip a rod which
rose up from the valve. In place of attaching the spring clip rigidly to the piston
rod I use a loose tubular clip the lower end of which is made with a Hange
extending outwards from it. When the piston is raised the top of the delivery
valve which the piston carries will come against the flange at the bottom of the
clip and will then cause the clip to travel upwards with the piston and to lift the
suction valve.
In this way pressure is put upon the top of the piston delivery valve to assist in
keeping it closed on the up stroke of the piston. A. coiled spring may also be
placed above the valve to assist in keeping it closed.
When the piston is moved downwards the lower end of the piston rod will come
against the flange or the coiled spring above it and will then carry the clip
downwards along with it.
In order that a large extent of surface may be kept wetted with sulphuric acid
within the absorber I fix upon the spindle of the agitator which is within the
absorber a horizontal disc somewhat above the level of the acid within the vessel-
through the disc openings are formed from which tubes or scoops descend to the
bottom of the absorber.
The tubes are curved or inclined in such a way that when the spindle is turned
in one direction acid from the bottom of the absorber passes upwards through the
tubes and is delivered on to the top of the disc and flows off from the outer edge
of the disc back again into the body of acid at the bottom of the absorber.
In order to prevent the tap used for admitting water to the freezing vessel from

page_text: ல
Sarrom
may be filled with water.
time.
it by a cymder or Jacket open at the top and which
The water can if necessary be changed from time to.
The drawings annexed shew my improvements.
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a freezing or refrigerating machine in the form
in which I now generally make it.
A is the vessel called the absorber which is partially filled with acid. B B are
two pump cylinders the piston rods of which are moved up and down by cranks on
a crank shaft C driven by hand as shewn-D is a suction tube by which air is
drawn from the absorber by the pumps-E is a shaft passing down into the absorber
and carrying agitators to keep the acid continually stirred-the agitator shaft E is
driven as shewn-F F are two glass vessels in which ice is to be formed. At the
top they fit air tight up to plates G from each of which a pipe with a stop cock H
upon it passes to the top of the absorber A. Each plate also carries a stop cock I
from which a pipe is led downwards to a pail containing a supply of water. By
quickly opening and closing the stop cock I water can be allowed to be drawn in
small quantities at a time into the vessels Fin which it is to be frozen. So far the
apparatus is constructed as heretofore and the apparatus although somewhat
altered in form acts in precisely the same manner as the apparatus described in the
Specifications of my before mentioned Patents.
My improvements in such and other machines acting in a similar manner are
shown in Figures 2 to 8.
Figure 2 is a vertical section of the air pump cylinder.
Figure 3 is a vertical section on a larger scale of the lower end of this cylinder.
Figure 4 is a vertical section on the larger scale of the piston and the spring clip
carried within it for opening the suction valve.
Figure 5 is an elevation of the spring clip.
Figure 6 is an elevation partly in section of the absorber and the agitator
within it.
Figure 7 is a plan view of the agitator.
Figure 8 is a vertical section of the water jacketted tap used for admitting water
to the vessels in which it is to be frozen.
In Figures 2 and 3 K is the short secondary cylinder secured to the lower end of
the pump cylinder B-L is the plunger working in the short cylinder K and
coupled to the suction valve M-N is a pipe leading from the bottom of the small
cylinder K to the top of the pump cylinder B-O is a small ball valve in the
lower end of this pipe N. The lower part of the plunger L is shewn to be cut
away so as to make it triangular in cross section and form oil channels down its
sides.
.
When the suction valve is lifted the plunger is lifted with it until the upper part
of these oil channels come above the top of the short cylinder K. Any oil above
the top of the short cylinder can then flow down into the cylinder and when the
suction valve closes and again forces the cylindrical portion of the plunger down
into the short cylinder K oil will be forced from the short cylinder up the pipe N
and into the top of the pump cylinder B.
In Figures 4 and 5 P is the spring clip for lifting the suction valve-its upper
end enters freely the lower end of the hollow piston rod Q whilst its lower end is
flanged outwards as shewn to rest upon the top of the piston delivery valve R-
S is a coiled spring pressing the flange downwards against the delivery valve and
assisting to close it.
In Figures 6 and 7 T is a disc fixed horizontally on the agitator shaft E of the
absorber A somewhat above the level of the acid which the chamber contains.
TT are two holes formed through the disc-U U are two semi-circular inclined
scoops or troughs fixed to the disc below the holes and extending down to the
bottom of the vessel A.
In Figure 8 I is the tap for admitting water to the vessel in which it is to be
frozen.
A portion of the plate G by which this tap is carried is also shewn in this

page_text: figure. G is a vertical cylinder rising up from the top of the plate G and
surrounding the tap I. The cylinder is left open at the top so that it can readily
be filled with water.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what
claim is-
1. Forming below the air pump cylinder B a secondary cylinder K fitted with a
plunger 1 which is coupled to the suction valve M so as to move up and down with
it and passages formed in the lower part of the plunger or upper part of the
cylinder by which when the plunger is raised oil can pass down into the small
secondary cylinder and a pipe N passing from the lower end of the small secondary
cylinder to the top of the air pump cylinder B and having in it a non return valve O
substantially as described.
2. The spring clip embracing the rod which rises up from the suction valve and
is free to play to and fro between the piston delivery valve and the lower end of
the piston rod substantially as described.
3. Forming the absorber agitator of a vertical revolving shaft carrying a
horizontal disc with inclined tubes or scoops descending from holes formed through
it down to the bottom of the absorber substantially as described.
4. Surrounding the tap used for admitting water to the vessel in which water is
to be frozen with a water jacket substantially as described.
Dated this 28th day of December 1891.
HENRY A. FLEUSS.