IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1884

page_text: I WILLIAM JONES, of the firm of Jones & Co, of Guide Bridge, in the County of
Lancaster, Sewing Machine Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
My invention relates to and consists in an improved combination or to improved
combinations of mechanism for sewing with a needle, spool and rotary hook upon
the principle of the Wheeler and Wilson sewing machine.
The rotary hook is of a well known construction, and is on the end of a shaft in
suitable bearings under the plate of the machine. It is rotated by another shaft
(which is the first motion shaft) in suitable bearings with its axis parallel but
excentric to that of the shaft for the rotary hook the two shafts being connected so
as to rotate together by a short link one end of the link being jointed to a crank
pin in a disc on one shaft and the other end to a crank pin in a disc on the other
shaft.
By this means the required variable rotary motion is imparted to the rotary
hook.
The spool is retained in the cavity of the rotary hook when working by an
holder which has the face that comes towards the spool formed in a well known
manner but it is arranged and mounted to turn to and fro like a door on a vertical
hinge carried on the framing, around the joint pin of which a helical spring is
arranged to open the hinge or door and slide it slightly upwards when released.
When the door or hinge is shut towards the rotary hook to retain the spool
therein it latches in a notch formed in a conically ended screw (which can be
adjusted) as the cone incline first pushes the hinge downwards and then the said
spring pushes the hinge or door upwards into the notch.
The door is pulled down when it is to be opened by pressing upon a hook or
knob projection from it.
The mechanism for giving the to and fro feed motion consists of an excentric on
the first motion shaft that actuates a rod jointed to a pin in a block arranged to
slide in a disc which is on an axis in suitable bearings on the framing, and there is
an arm on the axis of the disc for oscillating or changing its position which arm is
provided with a screw or other means for retaining it in the required position, the
adjustment of this arm varying the length of the stitch,

page_text: On the slide block in the disc there is another pin to which one end of a rod is
jointed that is also jointed with an arm from one end of a rocking shaft in suitable
centre bearings carried on the framing.
This rocking shaft has two other arms at the other end carrying centre bearings
for the axis of an arm or bar for the feeding plate or toothed surface.
This arm or bar thus receives to and fro motion for proprelling the cloth which is
being sewn, and its free end rests upon a cam on the rotary hook shaft against
which it is kept by a suitable spring which cam and spring gives the required up
and down motion to the feed bar or arm.
The first motion shaft has two, three or four cranks formed in it which are
connected by light rods with corresponding cranks formed in the shaft for giving
rotary motion for working the needle slide and other parts.
The needle slide and the presser, bar is arranged and worked in a manner similar
to those parts in the well known Singer Sewing Machine having an oscillating
shuttle.

page_text: Improvements in Sewing Machines.
I WILLIAM JONES of the firm of Jones & Co of Guide Bridge, in the County of
Lancaster, Sewing Machine Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of said
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
My invention relates to and consists in an improved combination or to improved
combinations of mechanism for sewing with a needle, spool and rotary hook upon
the principle of the Wheeler and Wilson sewing machine.
The rotary hook is of a well known construction, and is on the end of a shaft in
suitable bearings under the plate of the machine. It is rotated by another shaft
(which is or may be the first motion shaft) in suitable bearings with its axis
parallel but excentric to that of the shaft for the rotary hook the two shafts being
connected so as to rotate together by a short link one end of the link being jointed
to a crank pin in a disc on one shaft, and the other end to a crank pin in a disc on.
the other shaft.
. By this means the required variable rotary motion is imparted to the rotary
hook.
The spool is retained in the cavity of the rotary hook when working by an
holder which has the face that comes towards the spool formed in a well known
manner, but it is arranged and mounted to turn to and fro on a hinge carried on
the framing.
The mechanism for giving the to and fro feed motion consists of an excentric or
crank on the first motion shaft that actuates a connecting rod, in which there is a
slot for a bowl carried on one end of a rod the other end of which is jointed to the
arm for the feed-mechanism, this last named rod has also a bowl arranged to slide
or work in a cam slot in a part on one end of an arm the other end of which is
jointed to the framing-this arm is provided with a screw or other means for
retaining it in the required position the adjustment of this arm varying the length
of the stitch.
The said rod having a bowl at one end and a bowl for the cam slot is at its
other end jointed (as before stated) to an arm for the feed mechanism which arm
is on one end of a rocking shaft in suitable centre bearings carried on the framing.
This rocking shaft has two other arms at the other end carrying centre bearings
for the axis of an arm or bar for the feeding plate or toothed surface.
This arm or bar thus receives to and fro motion for propelling the cloth which is
being sewn, and its free end rests upon a cam on the rotary hook shaft against
which it is kept by a suitable spring which cam and spring gives the required up
and down motion to the feed bar or arm.
The first motion shaft has three or four cranks formed in it which are connected
by light rods with corresponding cranks formed in the shaft for giving rotary
motion for working the needle slide and other parts or vice versa.
The needle slide and the presser-bar is arranged and worked in a manner similar
to those parts in the well known Singer Sewing Machine having an oscillating
shuttle.

page_text: :
Fig. 1 is a side elevation, parts of the framing being supposed broken away, and
the covers to give access to the parts in the hollow arm, being removed.
Fig. 2 is a plan section, the section being taken just below the base plate of the
machine and showing a part of the hollow arm.
Fig. 3 is a partial elevation at the needle end of the machine part of the front
cover plate being supposed broken away and
Fig. 4 is an elevation looking from the needle end of the machine the vertical
part of the hollow arm and part of the base plate being shown in section.
a is the framing of the machine.
The first motion shaft in the machine illustrated is the one in the hollow arm of 1
the machine for working the needle slide.
"
There are three bearings in the hollow arm for the first motion shaft, which is
constructed in two parts, one part 6 has three cranks formed in it at 120 degrees
apart, the journal or pin for each crank being formed out of the solid and between
discs b',. one part of the shaft projects through the bearing (a¹) for it at the rear of
the hollow arm and has the usual grooved pulley b² and fly wheel (not shown)
which pulley and fly wheel is or may be arranged to be fast with the shaft (b)
when sewing and loose when winding spools, in an ordinary manner, as is well
understood.
The inner end of the first part (b)' of the driving shaft, is made with a boss or
socket to which the end of. the other part b³ of the driving shaft is coupled and
secured by a screw or pin this second part having, bearings at a³ and a³ in the
hollow arm.
There is, a disc 64 on the needle end of the shaft in which there is a crank pin 65
jointed with one end of a connecting rod c¹ the other end of which is jointed with
a pin on a part c² secured to the bar c forming the needle. slide which slides in
bush bearings c³ screwed into the frame.
cx is the needle secured by a screw to the lower end of the slide c.
d is the presser slide bar to the lower end of which the presser foot d is
attached. The presser, slide d is arranged in bush. bearings d² screwing into the
framing same as those for the needle slide.
The presser slide d is lifted by a lever d³ having its fulcrum on a screw d in the
framing.
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The boss part of the lever d³ is shaped and arranged .as usual to come under a
part d³ secured to the presser bar d, and hold it up when required against the s
pressure of a flat spring de one end of which is jointed to a pin d in the framing,
and the other end rests upon a projection from the part d³. The point of the
screw d screwing through the framing regulates the pressure upon the presser
foot d¹.
In the disc part b' at the end of the shaft 63 a cam groove 6 is formed' to fit a
bowl e' on the short arm of a lever e having its fulcrum- on a screw c² in the
framing.
The long arm of the lever e is made double or forked at its end' and there is a
screw e passing between the two prongs of the fork and a grooved edged washer
on the screw e between the prongs and also a pin e' between the prongs to keep
the thread from getting out-This lever e acts to take up the slack needle thread
which comes from the spool on a pin f between ordinary tension discs on a screw at f¹,
'round an ordinary adjustable tension disc arrangement on an adjusting screw at ƒ³
then ascends and passes, through the fork in the slack thread lever e then down
over the grooved edge of the washer on the screw e³ and between it and the pin e¹
within the eye or guide f³ which is a hook wire one end secured in the framing
the other end bent close to the framing but so as to give space to allow the thread
to pass, the point of the hook not touching the framing but coming into a hollow
for it, so that when the thread is once in the hook it cannot easily get out again.
Then the thread passes from the hook or eye f³, along the hollow ax in the
framing through a guide or hook on the needle bar, near the screw for securing the
needle therein, and then to the eye of the needle.
r

page_text: The three cranks on the first motion shaft have each one end of a connecting
rod b' jointed thereto, the other ends of the connecting rods, being each jointed with
similar cranks in a shaft g in bearings below the base plate or framing. :
The three cranked shaft g has journals, which are in bearings, the caps at and a
of which are secured by screws.
..
On one end of the three cranked shaft g, a disc g' is secured having a crank
ping in it, to which one end of a link g³ is jointed, the other end of which
is jointed to a ping in a crank g secured on the end of another shaft go in
bearings a and aon the framing parallel but excentric to the crank shaft ÿ, the
latter being placed at a lower level than the shaft ge having an ordinary rotary
book on its end, and thus a variable: rotary motion is given to the rotary hook.
The disc spool to fit the hollow of the rotary hook is of ordinary construction
and it is held in the hollow of the rotary hook 'by a hinged part or spool holder h
baving its face which comes towards the spool of the ordinary form, which spool
holder has a small spring h² to act upon the spool also of the ordinary form and
arrangement.
The spool holder h¹ is hinged on a screw pin h³ in a projection from the framing
and the spool holder has a projection from it having a hollow or notch to fit the
end of a pin h arranged to slide in a hole in the projection from the framing, this
pin (h) being acted upon by a helical spring so that when the holder h¹ is in
a vertical position the spring acting upon the pin h will keep it there, pressed
against the end of the adjusting screw h, which regulates the closeness of the face
of the spool holder h³ to the spool.
But when the spool holder h¹ is turned back by sufficient force the spring acting
upon the sliding pin h will give way and retain the spool holder h¹ in the open
position for removing and replacing the spool.
On the shaft ge behind the rotary hook h there is a cam i for giving the up and
down movement to the feeding arm i¹ to which the part having the teeth or
serrated surface is secured by screws.
The feeding arm i' is from a short shaft 3 carried on centre screws in arms ³
from a shaft also carried in centre screws 7 screwing through the framing.
This shaft has an arm is jointed to the lower end of an arm ; which at its
upper end has a pin having a bowl upon it, which bowl fits a slot 6* in the
lengthway of one of the connecting rods 67 extending between the cranks.
There is another pin in the rod i for a bowl j that fits in a cam slot j³ formed in
one end of an arm the other end of which is jointed on a screw in the framing.
A screw passing through a hole in the framing and screwing into a small disc
in a hole in the arm j (there being slots in the latter for the screw to pass clear)
holds the arm from moving one way while the helical spring 8 upon the screw jo
abutting against the framing at one end and against a washer on the screw, and
against the arm j at the other end holds the arm j from moving the other way.
It will be seen that the movements of the crank connecting rod 67 in the
direction of its length owing to the slot 67 for the bowl, do not impart movement
to the latter in that direction, the bowl in the cam slot 3 also preventing any
movement in the vertical direction of the rod ; but it will be seen that the
connection rod 67 will impart lateral movements to the bowl and consequently to
the rod and that such movement will be converted by the cam slot j³ into end
movements in the rod j.
One part of the cam slot ³ is formed to about the radius of a curve struck from
the centre of the joint between the rod j and arms, consequently when lateral
movement is given to the rod j (when the bowl ja is in the concentric part of the
cain slot j³) no end movement will be imparted to the rod j but when the bowl j³
comes in its lateral oscillations into the other part of the cam slot at a different
angle, an up and down motion in the direction of the lengthway of the rod j
is imparted to it and thus gives the feeding movement which is increased or
diminished by means of the screw j bringing more or less of the non-concentric
part of the cam slot within the range of the lateral oscillations of the bowl j³.

page_text: kis an ordinary spring to give tension between the part h* of the rotary hook
and the thread the action of which is well understood.
a is a small hook to which one end of a helical spring is attached the other end
of the spring being secured to the end of the feeding arm the spring acting or
assisting to keep the feed bar down upon the cam i for giving the up and down
movements.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed-I declare that what
I claim is
1. In Sewing Machines, transmitting rotary motion from one shaft (b, 6³) to the
other shaft (g, 9º) or vice versa by three or more cranks and connecting rods
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings.
2. The combination of a cam or crank giving lateral motion to a rod (j)
connected with the feeding mechanism and cam slot (2) on an adjustable. arm
for producing a variable feeding motion substantially as herein before described
and illustrated by the drawings.
3. The combination of needle, slack thread, rotary hook, and feed mechanism
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings.
Dated this eighth day of September 1885.
:
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent.