IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO MACHINES 144 CLTVA MONITO пор METAT CASTINGS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Vernon Hope of Wednesbury in the County of
Stafford, for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO MACHINES
144
CLTVA MONITO пор METAT CASTINGS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Vernon Hope at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th September 1882.
JOHN VERNON HOPE of Wednesbury in the County of Stafford. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN AND RELATING TO MACHINES FOR MAKING MOULDS FOR METAL CASTINGS
ور
This invention consists in a new method of forming the moulds for hollow-ware
and other castings and machinery therefor.
The following description of my experimental machine will show the nature of
the invention. Four gantrees (six or eight could be used) radiate from a common
centre. Each carries a right handed screw having a bevel wheel at the end nearest
the centre.
These bevel wheels gear into each other so as to form a complete ring of bevel
wheels. On the gantrees slide carriages. Every alternate pair of these carriages
carries a segment of the core box. Turning any one screw causes all the others to
revolve and as one set of carriages are drawn in the alternate set are drawn out.
The set carrying the core box being screwed in till the moulds touch. Sand is
rammed in to form the core. On one of the segments of the core moulds a swinging
arm is placed carrying a screw and piston. The arm being swung into place and
hooking under a projection in the opposite segment, or the two segments corre-
sponding. The piston is screwed down into the sand pressing it into the core
mould and forming a firm closely pressed core. It is then screwed back and the
core mould screwed out. This motion causes the alternate carriages to come in.
These carry segmental moulds of metal or other material to form the outside surface
of the piece of hollow-ware. They are screwed in till they touch each other. A
lid made in two halves with gate between is made to accurately form the bottom
of the pot and while the segments of the side moulds are being screwed up it is
inserted between projecting lugs on the said segments or their carriages and is held

page_text: tightly in place thereby so that it cannot be lifted by the metal. A plate uniting
the gantrees or placed thereon forms the bottom of the mould.
The mode of adjustment of the carriages on the gantrees and screws is very
simple. The moulds and the carriages formed in one or attached solidly together
are brought to the centre and placed touching each other. They are then bolted in
that position to the slides which have previously been screwed into a position
where the slotted holes in the slide and carriage are over each other. These slides
are then screwed back to the furthest extent and the other mould is placed in
position and attached to its slides which are now in their turn in position by means
of bolts
In the foregoing I have only described my actual present machine but it is
obvious that in some cases six or even eight gantrees could be used all radiating to
the same point and thus very irregular forms with projections on three or four
sides could be cast.
The machine is applicable also for solid ware and for a vast number of articles
now cast by hand and if no hollow be required the intermediate gantrees can be
done away with and one long one extending on both sides the centre used with
either a right and left hand screw or with two right hand screws connected by
bevel gear.
The advantages of this arrangement among others are these
1st All parts of the mould being made by a single machine and round the same
centre, if the machine be accurately made the thickness of the hollow-ware must
be uniform
.
2nd The core being tightly consolidated makes a much smoother interior than
when ordinary built cores are used.
3rd As it dispenses with built cores stove-drying, and skilled labour, it is very
much cheaper than the old hand system.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Vernon Hope in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
15th March 1883.
JOHN VERNON HOPE of Wednesbury in the county of Stafford " IMPROVEMENTS
"
IN AND RELATING TO MACHINES FOR MAKING MOULDS FOR METAL CASTINGS
This invention consists in a new method of forming the moulds for hollow-ware
and their castings and machinery therefor. In machines hitherto employed great
difficulty has been experienced in making hollow-ware castings of the same
thickness throughout owing to the cores being made in separate boxes and the
interior of castings have not been so smooth as could be desired. My invention is
designed to overcome these difficulties and among its advantages are.
1st All the parts of the moulds being made by a single machine and round the
same centre or in machines that exactly register with each other, if the machines be
accurately made the thickness of the holloware must be uniform.
2nd The core being tightly consolidated makes a much smoother interior than
when ordinary built cores are used.
3rd As it dispenses with built cores, stove-drying, and skilled labour it is much
cheaper than the hand system
In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated my invention applied to the
manufacture of belly pots but it is obvious by varying the shape or configuration
of the moulds other articles can be produced.
Fig 1. is a part side elevation and section shewing apparatus for forming
the cores.
Fig 2 a sectional elevation of machine with moulds closed and in position for
casting belly pot.
Fig 3 A plan of Machine.
Figs 4 to 12 modifications hereinafter described
'
A is a plate on which is cast or mounted four gantrees B, B1, B2, B³, radiating
from a common centre. Each carry a right handed screw Chaving a bevel wheel D
at the end nearest the centre, these bevel wheels D gear into each other so as to
form a complete square or ring of bevel wheels. On the gantrees slide the
carriages E E E E³, E and E' carry a segment F F' of the core box These
segments are brought together by turning any one of the screws C (by means of
the hand wheel G) and as the segments of the core box are thus screwed in until
they touch each other the carriages E and E³ are at the same time withdrawn to
position shown in Fig 3 The core box segments having been brought together
the sand is rammed in to form the core On the segment F' is mounted a swinging
arm H in which works a screw I carrying a piston or plunger J. The arm H is
swung into place and hooked under catch or projection h formed on and attached
to segment F the piston or plunger J is screwed down through the cylindrical neck
of the core box pressing the sand in the neck into the core mould and forming &
closely pressed core. The piston is then screwed back, and the core moulds drawn
back from each other by means of screws C This motion causes the alternate
carriages E and E³ to come in toward the centre carrying with them the segment
moulds or chills K K¹ to form the outside surface of the piece of holloware..
These are screwed in until they touch each other. The moulds K K' are made of
metal or other suitable material when the shape of the article to be moulded
requires it. A lid L formed in two halves with "gate" between (made to accurately
form the bottom of the pot) is inserted while the segments of the side moulds are
being screwed up. It is held tightly in position by means of the projections or

page_text: lugs on the said segments or their carriages so that it cannot be lifted by the
metal. The above machine may be mounted on standards M
In the drawings of the machine I have shown the moulds solid but in casting
some kinds of thick hollow-ware I find it desirable to make the metallic moulds
and lid hollow and fitted with influx k and efflux pipes ¹ which pipes are connected
by flexible tubes with a tank above or other supply. The water or other liquid
in the tank is caused to circulate through the moulds and thus keep them cool
moulds formed on this plan are depicted separately in sheet 4 Fig 12.
The mode of adjusting the moulds to the carriages on the gantrees and screws is
very simple. The moulds and carriages are brought to the centre and the moulds
placed touching each other and bolted to the carriages which have been previously
screwed into such position that the holes n in the mould and carriage shall be over
each other. These carriages are then screwed back to the furthest extent and
the other moulds placed in position and attached to their carriages by bolts which
are now in their turn in position. The moulds and carriages may be formed in one
piece if desirable.
As in casting pots I find that the cores can be made far quicker than the moulds
I use for this special purpose the modified machinery shown in Figs 4 to 10.
Figs 4. 5 and 6. show a separate core making machine in which the core is made
upon a movable plate T fitting between guides U which plate is lifted out of the
machine bodily with the formed core and deposited on the mould moulding machine
between similar guides U¹ so as to register accurately the plate-being preferably
big enough to hold the entire mould As like letters relate to like parts shown on
Figs 1 to 3 there is no need of further explanation except to say that of course
four screws are not wanted but only two a right and left handed one respectively
which are collared together or joined by a bar with couplings at ends. These
screws are not fully set forth in all the drawings in order to avoid complication.
Figs 7. 8. and 9 are two elevations and plan respectively of the mould-moulding
machine. These again are at once explained by attending to the letters of
reference which for like parts are the same as those set forth in Figs 1. 2 and 3.
V is the box forming the gate This is made in a separate machine set forth in
Fig 10 in which the box V is set on a base W forming a part of the frame and
perforated in the centre. ✗ is a sand box filled with sand before forming the gate
and Y a plunger screwed down into said sand box until the sand is condensed to
the right degree the conical point entering the perforated base.
As in casting deep pots blow holes are apt to form if compressed sand cores be
used without perforations, and if perforations be made in the ordinary manner the
cores are apt to split and fall. I therefore use the apparatus shown in Fig 11 the
gearing and other parts being altered to suit, or as in Figs 7. 8. and 9 care being
taken that the spikes shall clear the shaft and that the core plate be also perfo-
rated. P is the plate upon which the mould is built and the casing formed
QQ are holes in said plate pierced to admit the wires or spikes R. These spikes
are all joined to one frame and by means of suitable levers and treadles are caused
to prod upwards through holes QQ into the core while the latter is still enclosed
in the core box and plunger. Through the holes left by these spikes the gases
escape. Care must be taken to give the spikes a true rectilinear motion, and for
this purpose guides or parallel motion must be used. The simplest form perhaps is
that shown in the drawing where guides S S are used and the plate of spikes R is
forced up and withdrawn by means of a lever linked to the plate. I sometimes
instead of this use a core plate with perforated central hollow core of metal round
which the sand is compressed.
In the foregoing I have only described my invention for two or four gantrees
but six or eight may be employed all radiating to the same point and thus irregular
forms with projections on three or four sides could be cast and instead of the screws
working by mitre gear they may be right and left handed.
The machine is also applicable for solid ware and for a vast number of articles
now cast by hand, I have shown the machine for simplicity with the moulds bolted

page_text: to the carriages but they can be arranged so as to simply fit into sockets or other
attachments on the carriages so that they can be lifted off if desired yet be secured
so firmly that they cannot be disarranged by the molten metal and shall accurately
register.
The plate on which the mould is formed can either be fixed to the gantrees
sliding on two of them or preferably be movable as fully explained in reference to
Figs. 4. 6. 10.
Having now described my invention and the best mode known to me of
carrying it into effect I wish it to be understood that what I believe to be new
and claim as my invention is.
1st The mould for metallic castings formed with segmental chills caused to travel
radially towards a common centre and a core of compressed sand made round that
centre or round the centre of a machine with similar registration substantially as
described.
2nd The combination of the laterally divided segmental corebox and the piston
carried by one part of the same and movable parallel with or in the axis of said
core box so as to powerfully compress the sand in said core box substantially as and
for the purposes described.
3rd The combination of the core plate and core the vertically divided outer
moulds supported on laterally moving mechanism and the lid fitting under lugs on
the outer moulds so as to be held in place when the moulds are in position,
substantially as described
4th The machinery for making moulds for metal castings substantially as set
forth in the provisional and final specifications conjointly.
In witness whereof the said I John Vernon Hope have hereunto set my hand
and seal this fifth day of January in the year of our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and eighty three.
JOHN VERNON HOPE
(ST)