ImprovEMENTS IN THE CON- STRUCTION OF TAPS OR Cocks
Year: 1845

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MOSES
POOLE, of the Patent Office, Lincoln's Inn, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Fifteenth day of April, in the eighth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Moses Poole, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, Her especial licence, full power,
sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Moses Poole, my exors, adñiors,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Moses Poole, my exors, adñiors,
or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and law-
fully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, the Invention of “ImprovEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF TAPS OR Cocks," communicated to me by a certain Foreigner
residing abroad; in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I,
the said Moses Poole, shall cause a particular description of the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters

page_text: Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully
and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Moses Poole, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to
the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon
(that is to say):-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a section of a cock having the Invention applied thereto. A is
a valve, which is closed by the pressure of the fluid acting against the under
side of it. B is the body of the cock, which has an opening at the lower
part, by which the washer A is introduced to the cock. This opening is
covered by a screwed cap c and a washer d. In the interior of the body of
the cock there is a projecting surface which forms the seat for the valve. g is
an opening through which the fluid flows to the under side of the valve, and h
the opening through which it flows out. The opening or closing of the
passage through the cock is regulated by the valve A, which is a disc of leather
or other suitable material, which is pressed upwards against the seat e, e.
The valve A is secured to a rod, which at its upper end is formed into a
scrow, and passes into a female screw formed to receive the screw ƒ in the
handle I, and the handle I is capable of turning in the upper part of the
body of the cock while it is secured thereto, there being a screw ring j
and packing to keep the handle in its place and prevent leakage, as is
shown. The rod f is square, and the opening through which it passes to the
handle I is square, so as to prevent the valve turning in its seat. In turning
the handle I a portion of its circumference in one way or the other the valve
will be caused to fall or rise without its turning, thereby opening and closing
the passage through the cock, and thus the upper part of the rod will work into
the handle without any liquid flowing from the cock, the upper part of the
cock being firmly secured by the ring and packing, and the only moveable
part is the valve, which allows the flow of the liquid as required.
Figure 2 shews a sectional view of another cock, the valve of which opens
in the reverse way to that just described. When the cock is open the valve A
presses the upper surface of its elastic disc against the lower part 9 of the
head of the cover j, and when the cock is shut the valve presses against the
projection e, e, as is shewn in the Drawing. In this arrangement it will be
seen that there is no opening in the lower part of the cock. The valve rod is
introduced at the upper part when the cock is closed by the cover h. is a

page_text: D,
washer placed between the cover and the upper part of the body of the cock.
The aperture through the lower part of the cover h is made square to allow
of the screw rod rising or falling without turning. The upper part of the
piece is made to allow of the handle I being introduced and secured as
shewn, and the working of the cock is similar to that described at Figure 1.
Figure 3 shews another arrangement of cock, in which the elastic valve is
pressed upwards against the projection or valve seat e, e, in order to close it.
The valve rod projects both above and below the valve seat. The lower part of
the cock is closed by a screw cap c and washer d. The upper part of the
cock is screw-tapped, on to which is fitted a cap which cap has an
opening in its centre, through which slides the rod g. The cover D retains
the elastic covering h, which is secured in the centre to the rod g of the valve.
The valve A is kept in its position upon the rod 9 by a nut i, and it is
between this nut i and the screw cap c that there is placed a spring m, which
constantly presses the valve A against the opening e to close this opening.
Thus when liquid is not passing through the cock the orifice e is closed; but
when liquid is required to be drawn off, all that is necessary to be done is to
press down the button at the top of the rod g, when the elastic cap / will
bend, and the valve will uncover the opening and allow the liquid to flow
away, and upon removing the pressure from the rod 9 the valve will be again
forced up by the action of the spring upon the valve rod.
Figure 4 is a vertical section of another arrangement of cock for drawing
off liquid and for regulating the level of fluids. A is the tube through which
the water is to flow into any required place. Connected to this tube is another
tube B, having arms on each side. To one end of this tube is jointed a
lever E, to the end of which there is a float H; this lever rests upon the
forked piece D. On the lever E is a washer G, forming a valve, which fits
against and closes the orifice of the tube B. It will be evident that as the
water passes through the tubes A and B into a reservoir in which the cock is
supposed to be, and as it rises to the level of the lever E, it will cause
that lever to rise (by the float H resting on the surface of the liquid), and
close the opening in the tube B, and by this means may the required level be
maintained.
Figure 5 shews another arrangement of float cock, the construction of
which is similar to the one described at Figure 1, except that its position is
reversed. The screw rod of the valve A acts in the same way; but in place
of the handle I there is a lever E, which carries thereon a float, which may be
similar to the one shewn at Figure 4. This lever is acted upon by the rising
or falling of the level of the water opens or shuts the valve as required.

page_text: Figure 6 shews another arrangement of float cock, which is the same in
character and construction as Figure 1, and differs only in the mode of ac-
tuating the valve. E is a lever, having a float H affixed to its end. This lever
is hinged to an upright K, fixed to the body of the cock, and is also affixed to
the rod of the valve; and it will be evident that as the water acts upon the
float so will be the action of the valves to open or close the passage through
the cock. The valve rod in this case passes up through a stuffing box.
Figure 7 shews a cock applicable for baths, the construction and arrange-
ment of which is the same as before described of Figure 1.
.
Figure 8 shews a vertical section of an arrangement of steam cock, the parts
of which are similar to those described in Figure 2, and are marked with the
saime letters; but instead of the handle I a moveable key is used, and the
valve A is metallic, of the form of a double cone, the lower part of which is
raised when steam is required to escape, and the upper one presses against
the lower part of the stuffing box. All the other parts are similar to those
described in No. 2.
Figures 9 and 9* shew a section and a plan of another arrangement
of cock (for distributing water in fountains), the novelty of which consists
in combining with an ordinary fountain cock the arrangement shewn in
Figure 8, by which a great economy in the consumption of water will
take place, and a capability of distributing the water in different directions.
A is a tube, the end of which is in connection with a reservoir of water.
This tube is connected with the hollow cone B, which may be moved
from the interior of the case D by means of a key, which can be readily
applied to the nut c. The cock D has two branches, the one E in front,
and the other F at the side. This latter is in connection with the cock G;
and this cock G has two openings, the one H which covers the valve
or piston I, and the other opening; which communicates by means of the
branch K with the common tube E. For this arrangement it will be seen
that when the key is in front, that is to say, when the orifice L is in the
direction (1), the water which is continually flowing through the tube A will
flow through the opening E, because the opening L of the hollow cone B is
opposite that pipe E; but if the cone C be turned to bring the opening L
opposite the pipe E, as shewn by the orifice; L describes with the cone one
fourth of a circle, and is then opposite to the branch F, then the water flowing
from the tube A comes under the valve I; and if the button 6 is pressed down
the valve I will open, and the water will flow into the branch K, and escape
by the opening E; and if the cone is turned another one fourth of a circle in
such manner that the orifice L occupies the position No. 3, the water remains

page_text: in the tube, and no distribution takes place. No. 10 is a section of another
arrangement of cocks adapted for baths, and similar in principle to those shown
at Nos. 1 and 7. Instead of the key I a batton is shewn, which may be of any
form, which on being turned either to the right or left will open the valve.
The end of the rod d' is guided in such manner as to allow a passage to the
liquid, which by the opening of the valve A will flow from the branch G.
Having thus described the nature of the Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to
the precise details, so long as the character of the Invention be retained.
In witness whereof, I, the said Moses Poole, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-five.