Improvements in Candlesticks.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Oct., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 23rd July, 1890-Accepted, 23rd Oct., 1890
TRUYIDIUNAL OF ECIFICATION.
Improvements in Candlesticks.
I GEORGE GRIFFIN Commercial Traveller of Reservoir Retreat Monument Road
Birmingham in the County of Warwick do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention consists in the improvements in candlesticks hereinafter set forth.
Candlesticks now in general use are provided with a rising bottom actuated by a
thumb-piece projecting through a vertical slot formed in the barrel; by means of
the rising bottom, candles are raised for the convenience of consuming the ends, the
rising bottoms of candle-sticks so constructed are liable to be rendered useless by
means of the liquified parts of the candle trickling down the inside of barrel and
solidifying thus blocking the vertical slot and sealing the rising bottom in the barrel
from which it can only be released by means of remelting.
To remedy the defects in the construction of candlesticks hereinbefore set forth I
in some cases dispense with the vertical slot and rising-bottom, forming in the
harrel of my improved candlesticks a permanent bottom which may be situated at
any desired depth from the mouth-end of barrel.
I utilize the barrel part below the bottom or partition as a box in which to put
matches, the match-box so formed can be provided with a swing door or a sliding
door, or the match box can he used without a door or cover; a second partition or
bottom would be provided in the barrel to form a shelf or bottom to the match-box.
I next provide a series of short flanged barrels or thimbles, the internal diameter
of each thimble may vary in dimensions to suit small or large candles. In some cases
I make the thimble with a spike projecting from the bottom the spike may consist of
a parallel or tapered projection, or it may be formed into a screw; each thimble or
socket would be formed with an upper lip or flange.
My improved candlesticks may be made out of metal, porcelain or any other
suitable material.
In using my improved candlestick I should take any ordinary candle and then
select a thimble or socket the internal diameter of which would fit easily over the end
of candle the socket so selected would be passed over the end of candle, the socket
with candle in it would then be lowered into the barrel of candlestick until the socket
flange rested on the upper barrel-flange of candlestick, thus retaining the candle in
the candlestick without the use of rolled paper, or other combustable packing.
When the candle had burnt down low, it would be lifted out of the stick, the
socket removed and a shallow socket put on in its place (a spiked socket would by
preference be used) thus supporting the short end of candle in the candlestick to
enable the short end to be consumed, instead of being wasted.
In some cases I can dispense with the use of the thimbles or sockets and only alter
the construction of the candlestick by providing a match box in the barrel.
In other cases I can dispense with the match-box improvement and only use the
thimbles or sockets.
In other cases I can provide ordinary candlesticks and use them in conjunction
with a set or sets of my improved candle-end sockets; the use of which in conjunction
with candlesticks forms the essential part of my invention.
Dated this 22nd day of October 1889.
ALFRED WILLIAM TURNER,
Cobden Buildings, Corporation Street, Birmingham, Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Candlesticks.
I GEORGE GRIFFIN Commercial Traveller of Reservoir Retreat Monument Road
Birmingham do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention consists in the improvements in candlesticks hereinafter set forth.
Candlesticks now in general use are provided with a rising bottom actuated by a
thumb-piece projecting through a vertical slot formed in the barrel; by means of the
rising bottom candles are raised for the convenience of consuming the ends; the rising
bottoms of candlesticks so constructed are liable to be rendered useless by means of
the liquified parts of the candle trickling down the inside of barrels and solidifying,
thus blocking the vertical slot and sealing the rising bottom in the barrel from which
it can only be released by means of remelting.
To remedy the defects in the construction of candlesticks herein before set forth,
I in some cases dispense with the vertical slot and rising bottom, forming in the
barrel of my improved candlesticks a permanent bottom which may be situated at
any desired depth from the mouth of barrel. I utilize the barrel part below the
bottom or partition, as a box in which to put matches-the match-box so formed can
be provided with a swing-door or a sliding door, or the match-box can be used
without a door or cover; a second partition or bottom would be provided in the
barrel to form a shelf or bottom to the match-box.
I next provide a series of short flanged barrels or thimbles, the internal diameter
of each thimb'e may vary in dimensions to suit small or large candles.
In some
cases I make the thimble with a spike projecting from the bottom. The spike may
consist of a parallel or tapered projection, or it may be formed into a screw; each
thimble or socket would be formed with an upper lip or flange.
My improved candlesticks may be made out of metal porcelain or any other
suitable material.
In using my improved candlestick I should take any ordinary candle and then
select a thimble or socket, the internal diameter of which would fit easily over the
end of candle, the socket so selected would be passed over the end of candle, the
socket with candle on it would then he lowered into the barrel of candlestick until
the socket-flange rested on the upper barrel-flange of candlestick thus retaining the
candle in the candlestick without the use of rolled paper or other combustible
packing.
When the candle had burnt down low, it would be lifted out of the stick, the
socket removed and a shallow socket put on in its place (a spiked socket would by
preference be used) thus supporting the short end of candle in the candlestick to
enable the short end to be consumed instead of being wasted.
In some cases I can dispense with the use of the thimbles or sockets and only
alter the construction of the candlestick by providing a match box in the barrel.
In other cases I can provide ordinary candlesticks and use them in conjunction
with a set or sets of my improved candle-end-sockets, the use of which in conjunction
with candlesticks forms the essential part of my invention.
I will now proceed to describe in reference to the accompanying drawings the
manner in which my invention is constructed and used.
Figure 1 represents a candlestick in the barrel of which is formed a match-box
and in which is also fixed one of my improved candle-holders containing a small
candle.
Figure 2 represents a plan of Figure 1.
Figures 3, 4, and 5 represent short candle-holders.
Figure 6 represents a candle-holder with a long stem or shank.

page_text: In carrying out my invention I by one modification provide and utilize any kind
of candlestick to receive my improved candle-holders. I next provide my improved
candle-holders as represented at Figures 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7; the holder Figure 3 is
formed to receive a candle of an inch diameter; the holder Figure 4 is formed to
receive a candle an inch diameter, the holder Figure 5 is formed to receive a
candle of an inch diameter, these short holders are by preference provided with a
spike on which the end of candle can be fastened, these short holders would be made
in sizes to suit every kind of candle.
In addition to the short spiked holders, I also provide holders the length which
would be about double the diameter of candle as represented at Figure 6 these long
holders would be made of varying sizes to suit the diameter of every kind of candle
made and sold.
To utilize my invention in a commercial manner within the rights of the Letters
Patent now applied for, my improved short and long holders would be made in
sizes to suit every kind of candle as herein before set forth. I do not confine myself
to the four sizes illustrated on the drawings as I can make ten different sizes or
one hundred different sizes or any required number of sizes.
In seeking orders manufacturers of candles could be approached and from each
manufacturer could be obtained the exact diameter of every kind of candle made and
sold by such manufacturer holders could then be made to suit all the sizes of such
candles. If other manufacturers make their candles of different sizes, sets of holders
can be made to suit each manufacturers sizes that is to say any required number of
sets can be put on the market.
In using my improved holder-a householder would provide himself with one,
two or more of my holders of suitable sizes to fit the candles he used he would
when using a whole candle, by preference select a long holder of the required size
and pass such long holder over the end of candle and then place the holder in the
candlestick, the outside diameter of the holder would fit in the candlestick closely
without rocking, the internal diameter would grip the candle tightly; the candle
would thus be fastened securely in position without the use of paper, rag or other
packing.
When the candle had burnt down to within about two inches (more or less) from
the flange of holder, the said candle could be lifted out of such long holder and put
into a short holder, the short end of candle could then be screwed over the screw a
or pressed on to the spike provided in the short holder, the short socket then
placed to rest in the barrel of candlestick and the two inch piece of candle burnt
down to the extreme end.
By the utilization of my improved holder in the manner herein-before set forth
great economy is attained in the use of candles, and moreover, the unpleasant
sickening smell of burnt greasy paper so well known in households during the winter
months will be abolished.
My improved holder can be made out of metal, porcelain, glass, or other suitable
material; the holders can be used with candlesticks of any and every kind,
moreover my improvised holders can be used occasionally with improvised temporary
candlesticks.
By a second modification of my invention I pierce the barrel of candlestick and
connect therewith a door, inside the pierced barrel I insert or provide a projecting
box-rim, thus forming a matchbox in the barrel of the candlestick; candlesticks
provided with the match-box would be also provided with a partition, thus effectually
preventing the melted candle from getting in contact with the matches placed in
natch-box.
Candlesticks provided with the match-box described in the second modification of
my invention can form a separate article of commerce, that is to say, purchasers can
btain my matchbox candlestick and use the improved holders with such improved
watch box candlestick, or purchasers can obtain the improved matchbox candlestick
and when so obtained dispense with the use of the improved holders.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1st. The making of candle-holders for the purpose of securing candles in candlesticks
without the use of paper, rag or other similar packing.
2nd. The utilization of the barrel of a candle-stick to form a matchbox into which
to put matches.
3rd. The combination of a candle-holder of the kind herein described with the
barrel of any ordinary candlestick.
Dated this 22nd day of July 1890.
ALFRED WILLIAM TURNER,
Cobden Buildings, Corporation Street, Birmingham, Agent for the Applicant.