IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF RUCHE FOR CHENILLE AND UPHOLSTERERS' TRIMMINGS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Dixon, of the City of London, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF RUCHE FOR CHENILLE AND
UPHOLSTERERS' TRIMMINGS."
Sealed the 26th May 1865, and dated the 6th December 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Dixon at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th
December 1864.
I, GEORGE DIXON, of the City of London, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF RUCHE FOR CHENILLE AND UPHOLSTERERS' TRIMMINGS," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists in manufacturing a ruche for chenille and up-
holsterer's trimmings by weaving a web by hand or power loom with double
separate warps of silk, mohair, worsted, cotton, or other similar equivalent
flexible materials. The two warps are woven together at regular intervals by
a woff composed of a thread or threads of cotton, silk, mohair,. or other
suitable material, and when the web is cut into strips between the spaces it
forms a ruche, which when twisted forms a round cord or chenille, but so
solid and firm that the said cord or chenille when woven in a hand or power
loom in a warp of worsted, cotton, silk, or any other flexible material, forms a
perfectly round distinct cable bullion fringe, which can be produced in any

page_text: depth, substance, and style. The above-named double separate warps may
be of different colours if desired, which will add to the effect when the ruche
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Dixon in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
5th June 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
DIXON, of the City of London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eight year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
ine, the said George Dixon, Her special licence that I, the said George
Dixon, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said George Dixon, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF RUCHE FOR CHENILLE AND UPHOLSTERERS' TRIMMINGS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said George Dixon, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Dixon, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My Invention consists in manufacturing a ruche for chenille and up-
holsterers' trimmings by weaving a web by hand or power loom, such web
having double separatewarps of silk, mohair, worsted, cotton, or other similar
equivalent flexible materials. The two warps are woven together at regular
intervals by a woof composed of a thread or threads of cotton, silk, mohair, or
other suitable material, which thread or threads are so woven up into the

page_text: fabric or web as to act as binders as herein-after described, and when the
web is cut into strips by cutting along between the aforesaid intervals, a ruche
is thus formed, which when the same is twisted forms a round cord or chenille,
and when afterwards woven in a hand or power loom with a warp of worsted,
cotton, silk, or any other flexible material forms a perfectly round distinct
cable bullion fringe, which can be produced in various depths, substance, and
style. These double separate warps may be of different colours if desired,
which will add to the effect when the ruche is twisted into chenille, and the
web may be made of the required depth.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, I now proceed in
compliance with the aforesaid condition in the said Letters Patent contained
to particularly describe and ascertain in what manner the said Invention is to
be performed or carried into practical operation, that is to say :-
In order that the details of my said Invention may be clearly understood,
I will explain the manner in which I form the aforesaid double web when I
do so by using the ordinary lease loom as it is termed (similar to that which
is used for weaving carriage lace and such like fabrics), although I may
here observe that my Invention is not confined to the use of any particular
loom, as this Invention consists in the manufacture of ruche for chenille as
described, by whatsoever kind of loom or weaving machinery the same can or
may be effected. In the loom aforesaid I employ five lams and four treddles,
and I work the treddles and their relative lams in the way indicated by the
accompanying draft or Diagram, Fig. 1, shewing four treddles and five lams.
In this case the first treddle raises three lams, but does not raise the binding
thread; and treddle No. Two raises four lams, one of which is a binder. The
third treddle raises two lams, one of which is a binder, and the fourth treddle
raises one lam, which is not a binder. These lams as raised as aforesaid are
indicated by those chequers or squares which have therein. I proceed in
substantially the same manner when I use six treddles, which I would prefer
doing when power-loom weaving is adopted, in which case I should use four
lams as shewn in Fig. 2. In the hand-loom weaving I would always have the
binding thread in the third lam, whilst in the case of the power-loom weaving
the binding thread would be carried by the fifth and sixth treddles. The two
warps aforesaid may be of different colours, or parti-coloured, and the binding
thread or threads in the third lam may be of such a colour as not to be easily
visible. The web when so woven as aforesaid, and cut into a ruche, may be
twisted in a twisting wheel, and form a rich chenille, or a round and full cable
or bullion.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said

page_text: Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I hereby declare
that I claim,-
The "Improvements in the Manufacture of Ruche for Chenille and Up-
holsterers' Trimmings," by forming a web with a double warp, or two separate
warps bound together in the process of weaving, such web being afterwards
made into ruche as herein-before mentioned.
Also, I claim the use of a fifth lam for the purpose of carrying the binding
thread whereby the two warps are bound together, and ruche for chenille
produced.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Dixon, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
Witness,
CHARLES S. BAKER,
General Patent Company Limited,
71, Fleet Street,
Agents,
GEORGE DIXON. (LS.)