Improvements in Abrading or Polishing Machines.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Oct., 1899-Accepted, 7th Apr.,
1900
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Abrading or Polishing Machines.
A communication by CHARLES SHELDRON YARNELL, of 713, East 15th Street,
Minneapolis, in the County of Hennepin, and State of Minnesota, United
States of America, Machinist
I, WILLIAM PIIILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., Agent for Foreign Patent
Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street, Manchester, both in
the County of Lancaster, 118, New Street, Birmingham, in the County of War-
wick, and 322, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:.
This invention relates to improvements in an abrading or polishing machine
of a class that is adapted for abrading or polishing surfaces of wood or metal
by the reciprocation of the abrader or polisher.
The invention consists in the improved parts and the combinations thereof in
the machine, or the equivalents thereof.
In the drawings,
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the improved machine, parts being shown in
section on line 1-1 of Figure 3.
Figure 2 is an elevation of the fly wheel showing means for attaching a con-
necting rod adjustably thereto.
Figure 3 is an end elevation of the improved machine, the guide rod and
guard being shown in section.
Figure 4 is a top plan view of a guard or stop on the post adapted to prevent
swinging of the guide rod.
Figure 5 is a plan view of a guide preventing lateral play of the vibrating arm.
Figure 6 is an elevation of a brake for the fly wheel.
Figure 7 is a top view of the brake shown in Figure 6.
Figure 8 is an elevation of the polisher carriage on the guide rod and related
parts, parts being broken away for convenience of illustration.
Figure 9 is a top plan view of the carriage shown in Figure 8
Figure 10 is a cross section of the carriage and guide rod on line 10-10 of
Figure 8.
Figure 11 is a detail in cross section of means for adjusting the top plate on
the carriage, shown in Figures 8 and 9.
Figure 12 is an under view of the head block mounted on the under side of
the carriage of Figures 8 and 9, parts being broken away for convenience of
illustration.
Figure 13 is a top plan view of a clamping block forming a part of the head
block shown in Figure 12.
In the drawings, A is a frame and B the base thereof, the frame and base
being of such form and size as properly adapts it for supporting parts of the

page_text: mechanism thereon. A fly wheel 1, of large size, is mounted on the shaft 2
that has its bearings in the frame A. A stepped or speed driving pulley 3 is
also fixed on the shaft 2. A brake for holding the fly wheel 1 against rotation
consists of a rock-shaft 4 mounted on the frame and provided with a crank 5,
to which an actuating cord 6 may be attached. The shaft 4 is provided with a
radial arm 7, and a brake shoe 8 having medial lugs is pivoted thereby medially
on the arm 7, in such manner that the face of the shoe is normally opposite and
near to the periphery of the fly wheel 1. A spring 9 inserted between the arm 7
and the shoe 8 at one side of the axis of the shoe is adapted to hold that extremity
of the shoe yieldingly away from the arm and towards the fly wheel.
construction adapts that end of the shoe that is supported by the spring 9, to
first contact yieldingly against the periphery of the fly wheel, when the brake is
carried to the fly wheel by the rocking of the shaft 4, and when the brake shoe
is brought against the wheel, permits of the adjustment of the shoe to the surface
of the wheel in such manner as to obviate any rattle or noise and to secure the
most complete and extensive bearing of the shoe on the wheel obtainable.
This
A standard 10 is located at the side of and adjacent to the fly wheel 1, and
is preferably held in upright position by being secured to the base B, con-
veniently by a collar bolted to the base, in which collar the post 10 is footed.
A vibrating arm 11 is pivoted and thereby suspended on the post, conveniently
by being pivoted on a pin rigid on a split collar 12 that is clamped on the
standard 10. The arm 11 is provided with a laterally projecting truss 13,
connected to the fly wheel 1 by a pitman 11ª eccentrically adjustable on said
fly wheel and the arm travels in a slotted segmental guide 14, the guide being
adapted to prevent undesired lateral play of the vibrating arm. The guide 14
is rigid on a split collar 15 clamped on the standard 10. A connecting rod 16
is jointed at its inner end to the free outer extremity of the vibrating arm 11
and at its outer end is connected through a yoke 17 to a carriage 18. The
carriage 18 is mounted reciprocably on a guide bar 19 that is pivoted so as
to be capable of tilting vertically in a collar 20 by means of cone-pointed pins
set in the collar 20 (Figure 3) and the collar 20 is swivelled for swinging
horizontally by a pintle affixed thereto and entering the head 21 rigid on the
split collar 22 clamped on the standard 10. A guard, adapted to prevent undue
swinging, or movement, of the guide bar 19 laterally, consists of two fingers 23,
23, each rigid to the half of a divided clamping collar 24, which collar is
clamped by bolts through the extremities of its members to the standard 10.
This construction permits of the adjustment of the fingers 23 at any desired
distance, within certain limits, from the guide bar 19, and as the extremities
of the fingers are at considerable distance apart on opposite sides of the laterally
swivelling axis of the guide bar, the lateral play of the guide bar 19 can thereby
be obviated or suitably controlled.
The carriage 18 consists, as stated in a general way, of a tubular body por-
tion 25 somewhat larger than and surrounding the guide bar 19, and means for
mounting it reciprocably on the guide bar, and means for connecting it to related
mechanisms. A carriage plate 26 is secured near its respective ends to the
upper surface of the body 25 by bolts 27, 27, passing loosely through the plate
in a central longitudinal line and turning into the body 25, and is made adjust-
able tiltably on the body 25 by screws 28, 28, in pairs one at each side of each
bolt 27, turning through the plate 26 against the surface of the body 25. At
each end the plate 26 is provided with spreading legs 29, 29, in the free extrem-
ities of each pair of which legs an axle 30 is inserted and supported, and each
axle carries thereon a spool-shaped roller 31 fitted and adapted to travel on the
guide bar 19. At one end each of said axles 30 is provided with a sleeve-like
cone 32 turning by screw-thread on the end of the axle and having a head
adapted to bear against the leg 29. At the other extremity of the axle 30
there is a sleeve cone 33 turning by screw-thread on the axle 30, and by

page_text: exterior screw thread in and through the opposite leg 29. Annular ball-bearing
cups 34 are set in the ends of the rollers 31 about the axle 30, and bearing
balls 35 are interposed between the cups and the cones 32 and 33. An annular
rib 36 about each of the rollers 31 centrally fits and travels in a longitudinal
groove therefor in the bar 19, holding the carriage in position against rotatable
movement on the bar. On the lower side of the carriage body 25 rollers 37, 37,
are mounted opposite the rollers 31, 31, and on axles 38, 38, supported in
legs 39, 39, dépending from the body of the carriage. These rollers 37 are
mounted rotatably on the axles 38 by means of sleeve cones 40 40¹, ball-bearing
cups 41 and bearing balls 42 that are substantially duplicates in construction
and arrangement of the similar parts by means of which the rollers 31 are
mounted on the body of the carriage above. The rollers 37 are each provided
centrally with an annular inserted band or bushing 43 of soft metal adapted to
bear against the bar 19 on the under side, and forming a tread that frictionally
so adheres to the bar as to prevent any sliding of these rollers on the bar. The
rollers 31 and 37 by reason of their reversely formed truncated cone or spool
shape, are adapted to fit on and partially about the cylindrical bar 19.
Below the body 25 of the carriage a longitudinally extended head block 44
provided centrally with upwardly and downwardly projecting semi-spherical
bosses 45, 45' is secured to the carriage body 25 by means of a bolt 46 passing
loosely in an aperture therefor vertically through the head block 44 at the
diametrical axis of the bosses 45, 45', and turning into a boss 47 integral with
the body 25. A pair of upwardly projecting pins 48, 48, on the head block 44,
straddle a lug 49 depending from the carriage body 25 and prevent the lateral
swing of the head block. Springs 50, 50, interposed, one at each side of the
bolt 46, between the head block 44 and the carriage body 25 are adapted to
hold the respective ends yieldingly, substantially equi-distant from the under-
side of the carriage body, and permit of the slight movement of the polishing
block, whereby it adapts itself to the surface of the material being abraded or
polished. The extremities of the head block 44 are turned downwardly and then
inwardly forming ways or devices 51 for supporting the polishing block 52
detachably thereon. The polishing block 52 is provided with a raised portion
transversely thereof centrally, which has overhanging edges fitted and adapted
to enter above and within the supporting devices 51. At one end of the head
block 44 the overhanging wall of the polishing block 52 enters and bears against
the device 51, while at the other end of the head block 44 there is a slidable
clamp 53 (Figures 8, 12, 13) fitted in the supporting device 51 at that end of
the head block 44, which is adapted to be forced against the overhanging wall
of the block 52 by means of the set screw 531 turning through the downwardly
turned end of the head block against the clamp. Guide pins 54, 54, fixed in
the clamp 53 pass movably through the end of the head block and limitedly
control the movement of the clamp reciprocably on the supporting device.
The block 52 is adapted to receive and hold on its under surface abrading or
polishing material.
The carriage 18 is secured to the rod 16 by means of a sleeve 55 fitted movably
on the extremity of the rod and held to place adjustably against longitudinal
movement thereon by set nuts 56, 56, turning by screw-thread on the rod against
the ends of the sleeve. The sleeve 55 is provided with a downwardly-extending
pintle 57 (shown in broken lines in Figure 8) that fits and swivels medially in
the yoke 17, being secured in place therein by a bolt 58 and a washer 59, the
bolt passing loosely through the yoke and screwing into the pintle. The yoke 17
at its furcate extremities is pivoted on the carriage body 25, substantially in the
line of its diameter, by conically pointed pins 60, 60, through the extremities
of the yoke and bearing in sockets therefor in trunnion bosses 61, 61, on the
carriage body 25. Nuts 62 turn on the pins 60 against the legs of the yoke.
This means of connection of the rod 19 to the carriage body 25 by the yoke 17

page_text: straddling the body and pivoted thereto substantially in the line of its horizontal
diameter, is adapted to steady the movement of the carriage on the rod 19 and
prevent binding of the carriage on the rod.
14.
By mounting the fly wheel 1 on a frame, substantially independent of the
standard 10, on which the operative mechanism is principally supported, a
shaking of the standard is obviated, which is found to exist in those machines
in which the fly wheel is mounted on the standard; a standard much lighter
in weight can be employed than when the fly wheel is mounted on the standard,
and the fly wheel can be mounted in a much lower position, . and a heavy fly
wheel securing greater steadiness of movement can be employed to great advan-
tage in the work of abrading or polishing material, and in the expense of con-
struction of the machine.
In Eigure 1 a material-supporting table C is shown in connection with the
improved polishing machine to illustrate the method of using the improved
machine. The material supporting table forms no part of the present invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated
to me by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is:-
1. In an abrading or polishing machine; the combination with a standard, and
a carriage-guide bar and a vibrating carriage-reciprocating arm mounted on the
standard of a fly wheel mounted on a support independent of the standard but
adjacent thereto near the base thereof, and means connecting the fly wheel opera-
tively with the vibrating arm.
2. In an abrading or polishing machine, the combination of a standard, an
independent frame, a fly wheel mounted near the floor on the frame, a guide bar
mounted tiltably on the standard, a carriage reciprocable on the guide bar, a
vibrating arm pivoted on the standard at a point above the fly wheel, a rod con-
necting the vibrating arm to the carriage, and a rod or pitman connecting the
fly wheel eccentrically to the vibrating arm.
3. In an abrading or polishing machine, the combination with a fly-wheel, of
a brake comprising a rock-shaft provided with a radial arm, a brake shoe pivoted
medially on the arm at a distance from its axis, and a spring interposed between
the arm and the brake shoe, the brake shoe being adapted to be applied to the
periphery of the wheel.
4. In an abrading or polishing machine, the combination with a standard and
a vibrating arm pivoted on the standard, of a segmental slotted guide clamped
to the standard through which guide the vibrating arm extends and in which
it vibrates and by which it is prevented from movement laterally out of the plane
of its vibration.
5. In an abrading or polishing machine, the combination with a standard, of
a guide bar swivelled vertically and pivoted horizontally on the standard, and a
guard clamped adjustably on the standard projecting to near the guide bar at
both sides of its swivelling support on the standard, the guard being adapted to
limit and substantially prevent lateral play of the guide bar.
6. In an abrading or polishing machine, the combination with a guide bar,
and a carriage reciprocable on the guide bar, of a vibrating arm, a rod connected
at one end to the vibrating arm, and a yoke to which the connecting rod is
swivelled at its other end, said yoke straddling the carriage and being pivoted
thereto at its furcate ends substantially in the line of the horizontal diameter of
the carriage.
7. A carriage in a polishing machine, comprising a tubular body part, a top
detachable plate provided with legs, spool-shaped rollers mounted in said legs,
and other spool-shaped rollers mounted under the body part in legs thereon,
the upper and lower spool-shaped rollers being adapted to travel on the upper
and under surfaces respectively of a guiding bar.

page_text: 8. In a carriage in an abrading or polishing machine, the combination of a
tubular body part, a plate secured above to the body part by bolts in a medial
longitudinal line thereof, and screws in pairs, one on each side of each of said
securing bolts turning in the plate against the body part adapted to adjust the
plate tiltably on the body part.
9. In a carriage in an abrading or polishing machine, the combination of a
tubular body part, and spool-shaped rollers mounted one at each end in the
upper portion of the body part, said rollers being each provided with an annular
rib medially adapted to travel in a groove therefor in a guide bar on which said
carriage is reciprocable.
10. In a carriage in an abrading or polishing machine, the combination of a
tubular body part, and spool-shaped rollers mounted one at each end in the
tubular body part, said rollers being severally provided with a soft metal band
medially forming an adhering tread adapted to travel on the guide bar on which
the carriage is reciprocable.
11. In a carriage in an abrading or polishing machine, the combination with
a tubular body part provided with legs in pairs, of rollers severally mounted in
a pair of said legs by means of an axle, a sleeve cone in a leg turning by screw-
thread on the axle, another sleeve cone in the other leg turning by screw-threads
respectively on the axle and in the leg, ball-bearing cups in the ends of the
rollers opposite said cones, and bearing balls between the cones and cups.
12. In an abrading or polishing machine, the combination of a tubular car-
riage reciprocable on a guide bar, a head block swivelled and tiltably medially
on the carriage, and expanding springs, inserted one at each side of the tilting
connection, between the carriage and the head block.
13. In an abrading or polishing machine, the combination with a reciprocable
carriage, of a thereto pivoted head block, a polisher block having overhanging
walls adapted to enter supporting ways therefor in the head block and an adjust-
able clamp in the head block provided with means for setting it up against the
polisher block.