Improvements in Dynamos and Electric Apparatus for Charging Accumulator Cells and Running Lamps at the same time.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Sept., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 25th July, 1891-Accepted, 26th Sept., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Dynamos and Electric Apparatus for Charging
Accumulator Cells and Running Lamps at the same time.
We, WILLIAM BROWN SISLING Electrical Engineer Gothic Works King
Street Norwich, WILLIAM HARDING SCOTT Electrical Engineer, Gothic
Works King Street Norwich and LAURENCE SCOTT & Co. LIMITED, also of
Gothic Works King Street Norwich do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
66
:-
We arrange two commutators on one armature, one of the commutators which
we will call the "main commutator" being designed to give an approximately
constant E.M.F. for the working circuit or at the lamps, & the other or
charging commutator" being arranged in series with the main commutator to add
the extra E.M.F. required for charging the cells without increasing the speed at
which the dynamo is driven. This extra E.M.F. may be varied to suit the
requirements of the cells by shifting the brushes on this second or as we will call
it "charging commutator or part of the extra E.M.F. added by the charging
commutator may be absorbed by suitable resistance when necessary.
The dynamo may be compound wound or even overcompounded & driven at
approximately constant speed, & in order to connect up the different parts of the
apparatus with the working circuit & the cells in such a way that the whole
arrangement may be easily & safely operated without danger of reversing the
compound wound dynamo, we arrange switches in the following manner :-
We prefer to use a single or double pole switch with a quick break connected to
the two main terminals of the compound dynamo respectively. The lever of this
we will call the "dynamo lever." Another switch, the lever of which we will call
the "accumulator lever" is arranged on the same board with the dynamo switch
& on the side remote from the dynamo lever there placed a contact connected to
one of the brushes of the charging commutator, say the positive brush. The
other brush of the charging commutator is connected to the positive brush of the
main commutator or to the positive terminal of the dynamo so that the two
commutators are in series. The aforesaid contact which we will call the
"charging contact may be in sections with resistance arranged between the
sections to absorb when necessary any E.M.F. in excess of that for charging.
"
Towards the dynamo lever but with a wide gap between it & the charging
contact there is another contact which is connected to the positive brush of the
main commutator, this we will call " discharging contact No. 1" & beyond this
with a'small gap between another contact which we call "discharging contact
No. 2" is in connection with the lamps or working circuit. The centre of the
accumulator lever is in connection with the cells through a multiple switch which
can vary the number of cells in circuit, and this accumulator lever can move from
the charging contact across the wide gap to the discharging contact No. 1 without
displacing the dynamo lever, but if it is moved on to the discharging contact
No. 2 it, by a suitable arrangement which may consist of a rod or bar or its
equivalent, displaces the dynamo lever, thus breaking the connections between the
dynamo & the lamps. Conversely when the dynamo lever is operated it transfers
the accumulator lever from discharging contact No. 2 to discharging contact
No. 1.
In the arrangement as described the double pole dynamo switch is connected
respectively to the respective terminals of the dynamo & we should place the pole
nearest to the accumulator lever in connection with the outer end of the series
winding, the other end of which would be connected to the positive brush of the

page_text: main commutator the same to which No. 1 discharging contact would be
attached.
By means of the arrangement above described the dynamo may be lighting the
lamps & charging the accumulators at the same time, & it can also be used in
conjunction with the cells discharging on to the lamps without there being any
possibility of the current from the accumulators flowing back through the series
winding and so de-magnetising or reversing the compound wound dynamo. When
the dynamo is stopped the accumulator lever is on the discharging contact No. 2
which is connected directly to the lamps, but when the dynamo is connected to the
lamps by operating the double pole dynamo switch the accumulator lever is
transferred to discharging contact No. 1 so that the accumulators are connected to
the dynamo at its brushes & the current from them cannot by any means go
through the series winding the wrong way. To get to the lamps it has to go
through the series winding in the same direction as the dynamo current thereby
supplementing the dynamo E.M.F.
In order to prevent the accumulators discharging through the dynamo we may
cause the current from the dynamo to pass through an automatic switch arranged
on the dynamo & operated by its stray field or free magnetism. This automatic
switch would consist of an iron lever pivotted or a piece of iron on a pivotted
lever, so arranged with respect to the magnets of the dynamo that when they are
fully excited they will attract the iron & by doing so complete the circuit to the
cells by means of contacts arranged on the iron or operated by it. The current
from the dynamo would then pass by suitable conductors round this pivotted iron
or round a fixed piece of iron which would influence the pivotted iron in such a
direction that it would help the free magnetism of the dynamo magnets to keep
the circuit closed. But should the cells discharge through the dynamo armature
their current would partially neutralise the influence of the free magnetism & the
circuit would be broken.
The pivotted iron may be polarised by a separate shunt from the cells so that it
would not operate when the dynamo is magnetised the wrong way, the automatic
switch could in this case be made to act either by attraction or repulsion.
Dated this 25th day of September 1900.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Dynamos and Electric Apparatus for Charging
Accumulator Cells and Running Lamps at the same time.
We, WILLIAM BROWN SISLING, Gothic Works, Norwich, WILLIAM
HARDING SCOTT, Gothic Works, Norwich, and LAURENCE, SCOTT & Co.
LIMITED, of Gothic Works, Norwich, all Electrical Engineers, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
We arrange two commutators on one armature, one of the commutators which
we will call the "main commutator" being arranged to give an approximately
constant E.M.F. for the working circuit or at the lamps, & the other or "charging
commutator" being arranged in series with the main commutator to add the extra
E.M.F. required for charging the cells without increasing the speed at which the
dynamo is driven. This extra E.M.F. may be varied to suit the requirements of

page_text: the cells by shifting the brushes on this second or as we will call it charging
commutator; or part of the extra E.M.F. added by the charging commutator may
be absorbed by suitable resistance when necessary.
The dynamo may be compound wound or even overcompounded & driven at
approximately constant speed. Referring to the illustration A represents the
armature of a dynamo, B the main commutator, C the charging commutator,
D the series winding. In order to connect up the different parts of the apparatus
with the working circuit & the cells in such a way that the whole arrangement
may be easily & safely operated without danger of reversing a compound wound
dynamo we arrange switches in the following manner :-
We
e prefer to use a single or double pole switch connected to one or both of the
main terminals of the dynamo respectively.
"
In the illustration a single pole switch E is shewn which can be moved through
the connecting rod G by the handle H in one direction only, viz. :
by means of the slot in G and the pin in H.
to put it " on
Another switch F which we will call the accumulator switch is arranged on the
same board with the dynamo switch E & on the side remote from the dynamo
switch E there is placed a contact I which may be split up into sections 1, 2, 3, 4
as shown. It is connected to one of the brushes of the charging commutator, say
the positive brush; & the other brush of the charging commutator is connected to
the positive brush of the main commutator or to the positive terminal of the
dynamo, so that the two commutators are in series, either directly or through the
series winding of a compound dynamo. The aforesaid contact I which we will call
the "charging contact' may be in sections 1, 2, 3, 4 as shewn, with resistance
arranged between the sections to absorb when necessary any E.M.F in excess of
that required for charging. The number of these sections may be varied.
66
Nearer towards the dynamo switch E but with a wide gap between it & the
charging contact there is another contact K which is connected to the positive
brush of the main commutator, this we will call the "discharging contact K," &
beyond this with a small gap between is another contact L which we call
discharging contact L," it is in connection with the lamps or working circuit.
The centre of the accumulator switch F is in connection with the cells through a
multiple switch M which can vary the number of cells in circuit, & this
accumulator switch can move from the charging contact I across the wide gap to
the discharging contact K without displacing the dynamo switch E, but if the
accumulator switch moved on to discharging contact L it displaces the dynamo
switch E by means of the connecting rod G or its equivalent, thus breaking the
connection between the dynamo & the lamps.
Conversely when the dynamo switch E is operated by the handle H the
accumulator switch is transferred from discharging contact L to discharging
contact K.
The effect of this arrangement is that to put the dynamo switch "on" the
handle H must be used, but to take the dynamo switch "off" & break the circuit
between the dynamo & the lamps the accumulator switch handle F1 must be used
thus ensuring that when the dynamo is in circuit with the lamps the accumulator
switch F is not on the contact L, whilst to disconnect the dynamo from the lamps
the accumulator switch must be put upon the contact L.
By means of the arrangement above described the dynamo may be lighting the
lamps & charging the accumulators at the same time, & it can also be used in
conjunction with the cells discharging on to the lamps without there being any
possibility of the current from the accumulators flowing back through the series
winding & so demagnetising or reversing the compound wound dynamo. When
the dynamo is stopped the accumulator switch is on the discharging contact L
which is connected directly to the lamps, but when the dynamo is connected to the
lamps by operating the dynamo switch by the handle H the accumulator switch is
transferred to discharging contact K so that the accumulators are connected to
the dynamo at its brushes & the current from them cannot by any means go

page_text: through the series winding in the wrong direction. To get to the lamps the
current from the accumulators has to go through the series winding of the dynamo
in the same direction as the dynamo current, thereby supplementing the E.M.F. of
the dynamo by strengthening the magnetisation of its fields.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
CLAIMS.
(1). The arrangement on the same armature & in series with the main
commutator of a supplementary commutator which will give the required extra
E.M.F. to charge a set of accumulators whose normal discharging E.M.F. is
approximately the same as that of the main commutator.
"
(2). The arrangement, in connection with the double commutator dynamo
compound wound as described, of switches interlocked in such a manner that the
act of "switching on the dynamo transfers the accumulator connection from the
lamp main to the inner or brush end of the series winding and that in order to
"switch off" the dynamo the accumulator connection must be transferred to the
lamp main.
Dated this Twenty-fourth day of July 1891.
W. B. ŠISLING.
W. H. SCOTT.
LAURENCE, SCOTT & Co., LIMITED.
REGINALD LAURENCE, }
Directors.
W. B. SISLING, Secretary.