IMPROVEMENTS IN BOLT-HEADING MACHINES
Year: 1865

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John William McDermott at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
August 1865.
I, JOHN WILLIAM MCDERMOTT, of the City, County, and State of New York,
United States of America, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the.
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOLT-HEADING MACHINES," to be as.
follows:
The object of my Invention is to furnish a machine for heading bolts
speedily and accurately, and consists principally of two wheels and an accom-
panying system of cams and gearing, the one wheel being furnished with a
series of radial arms, into the ends of which the unheaded bolts are inserted,
and the other wheel with a series of radial dies corresponding with the radial
arms of-the first wheel. By the-action of the necessary cams and gearing each
arm of the one wheel with its unheaded bolt is brought into linear contact
with the corresponding dies of the other wheel, and the head of the bolt is
then formed. The die is then withdrawn from the head of the bolt by the
action of a set of jaws operated by cams, and the headed bolt is finally
expelled from the arm in which it had been placed by the action of a lever,
the action of the whole being herein-after more fully described.
In the accompanying Drawings Fig. 1 represents a top or plan view of the
machine; Fig. 2, a side view; and Fig. 8, a vertical longitudinal central section
of the same; Fig. 4 is a section of two opposite arms through the line x, x,
Fig. 2, shewing the lever for expelling the headed bolts, and the manner in
which it is operated; and Fig. 5, a section through the line y, u, Fig, 1, shewing

page_text: the ratchet wheel and pawl for communicating rotary motion to the wheels
which carry the arms and dies.
A is the driving wheel, by which motion is communicated to the machine,
either directly or through the intervention of any well-known system of
gearing; B is the driving wheel shaft, which passes through the slide which
carries the wheel C and dies D. The shaft B, after passing through the
bearings E and F in the frame G of the machine, is bent at right angles so
as to form a crank S', working in the slot H in the sliding frame I of the die
wheel C, so that by the revolution of the said driving wheel shaft B an alter-
nate backward and forward motion is given to the sliding frame I and die wheel C.
The said die wheel C is hung and revolves upon the central part of the sliding
frame I, which is supported by and slides backwards and forwards upon the
guides J. The die wheel C is made to revolve at the proper time and through
the proper space by means of the cogs K on the side of the said wheel C,
and near its circumference, which cogs K mesh into a small bevel pinion L,
which slides upon and revolves with the shaft M. This bevel pinion L is
made to slide backwards and forwards upon the shaft M in connection with
the backward and forward movement of the frame I and die wheel C, by
means of a part N of the said frame I, which projects into a groove. O in the
said pinion L, as represented in Fig. 2. The bevel pinion L is kept from
revolving upon and made to revolve with the shaft M by means of a pro-
jection P extending so far along the shaft M as the bevel pinion Li passes
in its forward and backward movements, the said projection fitting. into a
groove or channel in the said bevel pinion L.
To the end of the driving wheel shaft opposite to the driving wheel A is
attached a crank Q, which by means of the connecting rod.R. gives a back-
ward and forward motion to the crank S, which crank S works loosely upon the
shaft of the wheel T which carries. the radial arms U for receiving the
unheaded bolts. The crank S may be made broad, as represented in Figs. 1
and 5, so that the lower. part of it may be divided, so as to allow a ratchet
wheel V to be attached to the shaft W of the wheel T, within a recess formed
by cutting away the middle of the lower part of the said crank S.. To the
upper part of the said recess is attached a pawl A', which catches into the
teeth of the ratchet wheel V, or the said ratchet wheel and pawl may be
attached to the side of the crank Ş; but I prefer the manner first described, as
giving a firmer support to the pawl and a more prompt movement to the
wheel T. When the crank S moves in a direction towards. the die wheel C.
the pawl A¹ takes hold of one. of the. teeth of the ratchet wheel Viand turns it.
To the side of the wheel T is attached a system of cogs. B, meshing into a

page_text: small bevil pinion C¹, firmly secured to the shaft M; this shaft M works in.
bearings attached to the side of the frame G of the machine. Thus by. the
action of the pawl A' motion is communicated to the wheel T, which in turn
by means of the cogs B¹ and bevel pinion C¹ gives motion to the shaft M,i
and that in turn by means of the bevel pinion L and cogs K gives motion. to
the die wheel C.
It will be observed that the wheel T and die wheel C revolves simultaneously
but in opposite directions, for while the wheel T revolves from right to left,:
the wheel C revolves from left to right.
The dies D are made in two pieces; the main piece D has a longitudinal
opening through it, the upper part of which is of the precise form of the
intended head of the bolt, while the lower part of the said opening is enlarged
as seen in Fig. 3; it is also made with an annular projection U¹, as repre-
sented in the Drawings, the object of which is herein-after stated. The
smaller piece d fits into the lower end of the enlarged opening in the form of
a cap, the said piece or cap d, having an opening through it. for the passage
of the pin or stop D', which pin or stop D. is screwed into the die wheel C or
secured by a jam nut, and is of such a length as to extend through the die,
so that its end may be flush with the face of the die D when the said die is
close to the die wheel C, and it is also of sufficient length to allow of its
being screwed into the die wheel C far enough to be strong and .firm.
The said pin or stop D¹ is. also furnished with an annular projection e fitting
into the enlarged opening in the die D, to prevent the said die from dropping,
from the pin or stop D¹ during the revolution of the die wheel C. .The
arms U of the wheel T are chambered, as represented in Fig. 3,. to receive
the bolt holders E', the blocks F' and G'; the spring. pusher H', and the
Hever I'. The bolt holders El fit over the end of the arms U in the form of
a cap, and each one has an opening throughout its entire length large enough
to receive the bolts intended to be operated upon, and extending nearly to the
bottom of the main chamber of the arms U. The block F fits into the bottom
of the main chamber of the arms U, rests upon the circular shoulder there formed
as shewn in Fig. 3, and leaves a space between the upper face of the said
block F and the foot of the bolt holder E. The block G' is placed in a
small chamber extending down from the bottom of the main chamber of the
aŕms U, as represented in Fig. 3, and rests upon one. arm of the lever I',
against which it is held by the action of the spring pusher H', which presses
against an annular projection f on the said block G¹. The lever I¹ extends
from the bottom of the lower chamber in the arms U through an opening. to
the outside of the wheel T, as represented in Fig. 4. The inner arm of the

page_text: lever I' is held down against the bottom of the opening, in which it works,
by the spring pusher H¹ acting upon the block G¹ until the outer arm of the
lever I is operated upon in the manner herein-after described. The said.
lever I' is pivoted to the wheel T near the outer surface of the side of the
'said wheel, as represented in Fig. 4. The lever 1' is operated by a cam-like
projection J attached to the side of the frame G of the niachinė, against
which the projecting outer arms of the levers 11 impinge as the wheel T
revolves. To the end of the driving wheel shaft B, and projecting beyond the
driving wheel A, is attached a small crank K³, which by means of connecting
rod L' gives a backward and forward motion to the crank M¹ attached to the
'shaft N. To this shaft N¹ are attached two cams 0', each of which operates
one of the jaws P, closing them as represented in Fig. 1, when one of the
Farms U of the wheel and one of the dies D of the die wheel C come into:
Hine with each other, and opening them as the arm and die pass away from.
each other. The said jaws P¹ close directly over the point where the ends of
the arm U and. die D come into contact; they act as guides in keeping.them
exactly in the proper position, and at the same time securely support them
while the pressure which forms the heads of the bolts is being applied. The
said jaws P¹ when opening push against the annular projection U¹ upon he
die D, and force the die D off from the formed head of the bolt by pushing
'the die back upon the pin or stop D¹, thus allowing the arm U and die D .to
revolve away from each other. The said jaws P¹ are pivoted to the frame G
of the machine at the point T¹ as represented in Fig. 1. To one of the jaws P¹
is attached a spring R', which as the die D and arm U are coming into
line with each other, takes hold of the annular projection U¹ of the die D and
moves the said die forward on the pin or stop D', so that the said die may
receive the unheaded end of the bolt before the pressure which forms the
heads of the said bolts is applied by the forward movement of the said die
wheel C, as herein-before described. It is not necessary that there should be
'the same number of dies upon the die wheel C as there are arms upon the
wheels T, but the gearing must be so arranged that when one of the arms U
comes into a horizontal position, one of the dies D shall come into the same
position, so as to form the head of the bolt as before described. There should
be a water trough placed under the die wheel C, through which the dies D
may pass in revolving for the purpose of cooling the said dies. There should
also be placed under the wheel T a water trough for the purpose of cooling
the bolt holders E¹. This latter trough should be more shallow than the
former one, first, because the receptacle for the headed bolts when expelled
from the bolt holders must be placed between the two troughs; and the sides

page_text: of the latter trough must not rise so high as to interfere with the passage of
the said bolts from the bolt holders to the said receptacle, and second, because
less heat will be developed in the bolt holders than in the dies, and conse-
quently a less depth of water will suffice to cool them.
OPERATION.
The machine being in the position represented in Fig. 1, an unheaded bolt
with the end heated for heading is placed in the bolt holder which is next
above the horizontal one, and the machine is started. The first effect is to
open the jaws P¹, which forces the die D from the formed head of the bolt, and
then the die wheel C slides back by the action of the crank S¹ of the shaft B.
The pawl A¹ now acts upon the ratchet wheel V, and causes the wheels T
and C to revolve, this brings another arm and die into a horizontal position;
the jaws P¹ move close, the spring R' pushes the die forward upon the pin or
stop D¹ to receive the unheaded end of the bolt, the crank S¹ causes the
die wheel C to slide forward and form the head of the bolt, the jaws again
open, force back the die from the head of the bolt, and so on continuously.
At the same time that an arm and die come into position for forming the
head of the bolt the revolution of the wheels T brings the outer end of the
lever I of the preceding arm U into contact with the cam-like projection J¹,
which operates the lever and expels the bolt into the receptacle prepared
for it.