IMPROVE- MENTS IN SIZING MACHINES AND IN THE METHOD OF SIZING YARN
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Lancaster, of Preston, in the County of
Lancaster, Cotton. Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SIZING MACHINES AND IN THE METHOD OF SIZING YARN."
Sealed the 28th February 1871, and dated the 12th September 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Lancaster at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th September 1870.
I, JOHN LANCASTER, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SIZING MACHINES AND IN THE METHOD OF SIZING YARN," to
be as follows:-
In all former methods of preparing yarn by sizing machines such yarn
passes once through the size in the trough. In my improvements I
provide for dipping or passing the yarn twice or more times through the

page_text: size. For as many times as I may desire to dip or pass my yarn through
the size I provide immersion rollers, under which I pass my yarn
through the size in as many troughs or chambers; or I may provide
two or more rollers in one trough, my object being to thoroughly im-
pregnate or saturate the yarn with the size. After the yarn is dried I
pass it over a pair of greased rollers to soften such yarn. One roller
working in a trough of grease or other softening mixture supplies the
other with such mixture, thus making the yarn soft and pliable.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Lancaster in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 10th March 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS_SHALL_COME, I, JOHN
LANCASTER, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Lancaster, Her special licence
that I, the said John Lancaster, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said John Lancaster, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SIZING MACHINES AND IN THE METHOD OF SIZING YARN," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said John Lancaster, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under mine, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said. Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Lancaster, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The object of my Invention is to thoroughly soak the yarn, and after
it has been dired to soften the same with any softening mixture or
material, to effect which I provide in the sizing box two or more im-
mersion rollers, round which I work an endless belt or lattice cloth or
other equivalent. Such sizing box may be made any length, and rollers
set to any distance necessary. Such lattice cloth having the effect of
beating or batting the size into the yarn it will thus be seen that the
yarn absorbs more size. Such size can be used much thinner and yet
the yarn be better impregnated without the offensive caking on the
outside of the yarn from the fact that the yarn does remain in the size
much longer than by any other process.
t
My improvements further consists in softening any yarn after sizing
and drying, by applying at the front of the machine two or more rollers
working over each other in pairs. The lower roller or rollers work in a
trough, which is supplied with any softening mixture or material, such
rollers being worked by any ordinary means. The top roller or rollers
are worked by the friction of the bottom roller or rollers, over which
top roller or rollers the yarn passes, absorbing or taking up as much
softening mixture or material as may be required. In the before-
mentioned trough I pass one or more steam pipes to soften or melt any
material or mixture I desire to use for such purpose, or I may make a
cavity trough passing a jet of steam through such cavity. I cover the
above-mentioned rollers with flannel or other equivalent to carry the
softening mixture or material to the yarn.
Hereunto I annex a Sheet of Drawings, in the several Figures of
which the same parts are marked by corresponding letters of reference.
•
Figures 1 and 2 are side views of the frame of machine shewing
the ends of immersion rollers "A, B," and softening rollers "C, D,"
with yarn "a, a, a, a," passing through the sizing trough and over
the softening roller; Figures 3 and 4 plans of same; Figure 5, end
view of softening rollers "C, D," and trough; Figure 6, end view of
rollers A, B," with belt or lattice cloth "b, b, b."
"

page_text: 65
a, a, a," in Figure 1 is the yarn passing round the immersion
rollers "A" and "B;" b, b, b, is the endless belt or lattice cloth
passing round such immersion rollers, and inside the yarn on this
endless belt or lattice cloth and longitudinal with the rollers are strips
of wood or other suitable material; these strips working round the
rollers on the lattice cloth have the effect of beating or batting the
size into the yarn. This with the distance the yarn has to travel and
the consequent time of immersion thoroughly soaks the yarn with size.
"a, a," in Figure 2 shews the yarn now dried and passing over
roller "D," receiving therefrom as much softening mixture or material
as may be required. This roller is worked by the friction of roller "C,"
and receives therefrom a constant supply of the softening mixture
or material, which it takes up from the trough "e." This trough goes
the whole length of the rollers, and is fitted with steam pipe or
pipes "f" to keep the mixture_or_material fluid;-or-I-may-make-a-
cavity trough, through which cavity I may pass a jet of steam for the
same purpose.
"b, b," in Figure 3 shews a plan of belt or lattice with strips of wood
or other matterial thereon. "D, D," in Figure 4 shews the same view of
softening rollers with trough "e, e;" Figure 5, end view of softening
rollers and trough C, D, and e; Figure 6 same view of immersion
rollers "A" and "B," with endless belt or lattice cloth "b, b." It will
thus be seen the yarn will pass first through the sizing trough under
the immersion rollers and belt or lattice cloth out and round the drying
cylinders, thence over the softening rollers.
Having now fully described and illustrated my Invention I wish it
to be understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details I
have had occasion to describe and illustrate, as the same may be varied
without departing from the nature or principle of my Invention; but
what I claim as novel and secured to me herein is,-
First. Two or more immersion rollers round which I work a belt or
lattice cloth with strips across, substantially as herein described and.
illustrated.
Second. Two or more rollers and trough on the other side of the
machine for the purpose of softening the yarn, substantially as herein
described and illustrated.

page_text: Third and last. The several arrangements for impregnating yarn with
size without cakeing on the outside, and for softening the same as herein
described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Lancaster, hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
Witness,
JOHN LEWIS,
Engineer & Patent Agent,
Preston.
•
JOHN LANCASTER. (L.S.)