IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGES, TRAMWAY CARS AND OTHER VEHICLES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Raphael Hunter Brandon of N° 1 Rue Laffitte Paris in
the Republic of France, Engineer and Patent Agent for an invention of
IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGES, TRAMWAY CARS
AND OTHER VEHICLES Communicated to me by Prince Joseph Pignatelli
d'Aragon, Gentleman residing at present at N° 1 Rue Laffette, Paris in the
Republic of France
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Raphael Hunter Brandon
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st September 1882.
RAPHAEL HUNTER BRANDON of N° 1 Rue Laffitte Paris in the Republic of
France Engineer and Patent Agent "IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS FOR
RAILWAY CARRIAGES TRAMWAY CARS AND OTHER VEHICLES a communication to
him by Prince Joseph Pignatelli d'Aragon, Gentleman residing at present at
N° 1 Rue Laffitte Paris in the Republic of France
"
This invention consists mainly in a ventilator which avoids dust, renews and
refreshes the air in the interior of the carriages of a train in motion, as also in
tramway carriages and all other vehicles to which it may be applied, the windows
and doors of said carriages remaining shut, only leaving open the small ventilators
now generally in use to serve as aspirators.
This ventilator is preferably placed on the roof of the carriages or vehicles and
may generally speaking be composed of three distinct parts
First a funnel shaped air mouth by which the exterior air is drawn in and
driven into a small box or case, upon which the said funnel is jointed, so that it
may be turned in the direction of the train
Second a box or case of any suitable shape, containing a certain quantity of
water, and in which is accumulated and purified the air drawn in by means of the
funnel above mentioned.
Third a curved pipe or tube leading from the box into the interior of the carriages
or vehicles, and by which the air is conducted and driven into the said carriages or
vehicles

page_text: The box is divided into a number of parts in the inside, in order to avoid too
great a motion of the water contained in the box, and the pipe which conducts
the air into the interior of the carriage is provided in the middle of the curve, with
a pocket serving the purpose of collecting any drops of water which might pass
into the carriage, the said drops being reconducted by means of a small pipe leading
from the pocket back into the box.
Two small water cocks are fitted to the box, one for facilitating cleaning and
letting out water and the other to regulate the height to which the box must be
filled.
The quantity of air introduced into the carriage is regulated by an opening
which can be adjusted at will.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Raphael Hunter Brandon in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 6th December 1882.
"
RAPHAEL HUNTER BRANDON of 1 Rue Laffitte Paris in the Republic of France
Engineer and Patent Agent IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS FOR RAILWAY
CARRIAGES, TRAMWAY CARS AND OTHER VEHICLES."-A communication to me by
Prince Joseph Pignatelli d'Aragon, Gentleman, residing at present at 1 Rue
Laffitte Paris in the republic of France
This invention consists of a ventilator for purifying and renewing the air in
railway and tramway carriages or other vehicles in motion, the windows of said
carriages remaining shut, only leaving open the small sliding shutters now
generally in use and placed above the doors in railway carriages.
I place the ventilator preferably on the roof of the carriages; the same is
composed of three distinct main parts
First A funnel shaped air mouth by which air is forced into the apparatus and
driven into a box or case upon which the said funnel is pivoted.
Second. A box or case of any suitable shape, containing a certain quantity of
water and in which is accumulated and purified the air drawn in through the
funnel above mentioned.
Third. A curved pipe or tube leading from the box or case into the inside of the
carriages or vehicles and by which the air is conducted and driven into the said
carriages or vehicles.
Fig. 1. is a plan, fig 2 a longitudinal elevation, fig 3 a longitudinal elevation in
section through A B fig 1 of the ventilator; fig 4 and 5 are side views and fig 6 is
an end elevation in section through CD fig 1. The mouth piece a may be of any
suitable form, preferably funnel shaped, it runs parai! with the roof 6 of the
carriage upon which it is applied and its largest end faces the direction in which
the train is running; the smaller end of the mouth a is bent downwards and fits
loosely into a concentric sleeve c fig 7 and 8 and into a collar d fig 9 & 10, fitted
on the outside of the box or case e see fig 3. The mouth a thus supported, may,.
turn freely in its bearings and may be set in the desired direction without
requiring the railway carriages to be turned round. On each side of the mouth
are fixed one or more stops f. fig 1, 11, & 12, which limit its movement in either
direction.
The stops, which serve to keep the funnel in place should be screwed in to the
box, so that the funnel may be taken off if desired, and replaced with a tap or
stopper, or a stopper may be placed in the mouth of the funnel.
The air drawn in by the mouth a issues through its smaller end into the case or
box e, in which it accumulates and is purified.
The extremity of the tube of the funnel or mouth a which is inside the box
may be made also of a conical shape, or a cone may be fitted in the end of the
said tube in order to cause the air to be driven with greater force against the
water.
This cone should reduce the end of the funnel which is inside the box by
5 centimètres that is the proportion for the dimensions of the apparatus shown in
the drawing.
The box e is charged with water, the level of the water being say half an inch
below the end of the mouth a, and the box e is divided by compartments, see
fig 13 and 14, for the purpose of avoiding any noticeable motion of the water
during the travel of the vehicle. A cock g fig 1, 4 & 5 acts as a level indicator

page_text: when the case e is being filled. A cock h fig 1, 2, & 3, applied at the bottom of
the case e serves for removing the sediments at the bottom of the water.
The apparatus works as follows:-The funnel a being turned towards the
direction the train runs in, air will be forced into the same whilst the carriage
upon which it is secured is in motion and will be projected against the surface of
the water contained in the case e whereby the dust, the smuts from the locomotive
and other impurities contained in the air come in contact with the water and soon
after settle down at the bottom But the air, free from its impurities, enters into
a supply pipe i which issues into the railway carriage, see fig 2 & 6, the said
supply pipe i starting from above the case e and being bent half round before
issuing into the inside through the roof. The end of the pipe i is shown on a
larger scale in fig 15 & 16 in its center is fixed a cone j, the purpose of the same
is to cause a division of the air upon issuing into the inside of the carriage In
the middle of the curved part of the pipe i is a pocket k for collecting any particles
of water which may be drawn into the supply pipe i, any water which may collect
therein is returned into the case e by a small pipe shown in fig 2 and in dotted
lines fig 4 & 5
Inside the straight and vertical part of the supply pipe i communicating with
the interior of the carriage is a device acting as a valve for regulating the amount
of air entering the carriage. The device is composed of a pivoted disk m; shown
on a larger scale in fig. 17 & 18, connected to a cord or chain n within reach of
the travellers; the disk m can as will be understood be made to close entirely or
partially, thus the travellers, can themselves regulate the amount of air at leisure-
The disk m
A stop o within the pipe i serves to limit the motion of the disk m.
can be suitably weighted so as to remain in the position to which it has been set,
or the cord n may have one or more holes to engage hooks or buttons fastened
under the roof of the carriage.
It is to be understood that other liquids can be used in the case e instead of
water
I claim.
First The use of water or other suitable liquid introduced into a box or case for
purifying and renewing the air inside railway carriages and other vehicles,-
substantially as hereindrescribed and shown, by a pipe issuing into the box or case
and dipping into the water or placed above the same.
Second. The use of wheels with straight or helical wings placed so as to increase
the volume of air to be introduced into the carriages, as hereinbefore described.
Third. The herein before described ventilating apparatus made of any suitable
shape, material or size, according to the purpose for which it is intended.
In witness whereof I the said Raphael Hunter Brandon have hereunto set
my hand and seal at Paris in the Republic of France this Fifth day of
December 1882
Witnesses D. H. BRANDON
1 rue Laffitte Paris
P SCHOLTU
1 Rue Laffitte.
R. H BRANDON (L.S.)