A NEW ROTATORY STEAM ENGINE
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexandre André Victor Sarrazin de Mont-
ferrier, of Paris, France, and of 4, South Street, Finsbury,
London, Gentleman, for the Invention of "A NEW ROTATORY
STEAM ENGINE."
99
Sealed the 9th January 1854, and dated the 11th November 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexandre André
Victor Sarrazin de Montferrier at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th November 1853.
I, ALEXANDRE ANDRÉ VICTOR SARRAZIN DE MONTFERRIER, of Paris,
France, and of 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "A NEW ROTATORY
STEAM ENGINE" to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in a new method of constructing rotatory
engines so as to produce a greater amount of power and diminish the
friction, that is to say, to produce the motion by avoiding the dead
points.
Reference being had to the Figures of the annexed Drawings, in
which the same letters of reference represent parts which are similar.

page_text: Figure 1, Drawing I., is a front elevation.
Figure 2, Drawing I., a side elevation.
Figure 3, Drawing II., a vertical section made at right angles to the
main shaft of the engine.
Figure 3, shows the revolving body, having a triangular form. It is
inclosed in a cylinder provided with two curved paddles P, P¹, which
are fixed to the envelope of the cylinder, and have an oscillating motion
round their axes. The steam enters through V, V, and egresses
through B and B¹. When the steam enters at V it acts simultane-
ously upon the paddle P, and the face A of the revolving body, which
moves in the direction of the arrows. This motion causes the paddle
also to turn on its axis and slide over the flat surface of the triangle,
on which it is pressed by the steam. The greatest range of the paddle
is about half the distance A, A; it gradually rises until it reaches the
curved part Q of the revolving body, when it is entirely lowered. The
action of the paddle P is similar to that of the paddle P¹.
The steam is conducted from the boiler by the pipe D into the steam
chest C, Figure 2, where the slide M is set, and from which it is sup-
plied alternately through the pipes N, N¹, to the ingress orifices V, V¹.
The introduction of steam takes place when the part A has described
an arc of 60° from its point of contact with the rim of the paddle, that
is to say, when the paddle begins to move. When the rotation of 60°
has taken when th
has taken place the opposite paddle is ready to open, and the steam
begins to act upon it & upon the face A of the revolving body.
The slide M is a circular diaphragm having three ports, which open
and shut in its rotation the upper orifices of the tubes N, N¹; a rotation
of the valve M occupies the same time as the rotation of the revolving
body, and it is put in motion by means of the toothed wheels repre-
sented in the Figures.
The projections Q, Q, raise slightly the paddles which cover the
orifices V, V', during the passage of the angular or touching parts of
the revolving body.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alexandre André Victor Sarrazin de Montferrier
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 11th May 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
ALEXANDRE ANDRÉ VICTOR SARRAZIN DE MONTFERRIER, of Paris,
France, and of 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and succes-
sors, give and grant unto me, the said Alexandre André Victor Sarrazin
de Montferrier, Her special license that I, the said Alexandre André
Victor Sarrazin de Montferrier, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Alexandre André Victor Sarrazin
de Montferrier, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "A NEW ROTATORY STEAM ENGINE," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Alexandre André Victor Sarrazin de Mont-
ferrier, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alexandre André Victor Sarrazin
de Montferrier, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the
figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say:

page_text: My Invention consists in a new method of constructing rotatory
steam engines.
5
Figure 1, a front elevation of the engine; Figure 2, a side elevation;
Figure 3, a transverse vertical section. In each of the Figures the
same letters of reference represent parts which are similar. a, b, c,
triangular piston, having its angles A, A, A", rounded off and enclosed
in a sheet iron cylinder E, F, G, in which it revolves. Two curved
paddles P, P¹, the form of which is represented in Figure 3, are adapted
at opposite sides of the cylinder, and have an oscillating motion on their
axis. Taking, for illustration, the position of the machine shewn at
Figure 3, and only one paddle P, if the steam be admitted through the
ports V and V¹, it is evident that the steam acting equally on the
paddle P, and side A of the piston, will give it a rotatory motion from
A towards A', during which the paddle P will be forced to move round
on its axis, with its lower part i pressed close to the side of the piston
by the action of the steam. The widest stretch of the paddle takes
place when its end is brought to about the middle of the distance
between A, A', where it is pushed back and finally closed by the curved
part Q of the piston. After the curved part Q of the piston has
passed by its edge i, the paddle opens anew. The function of the
paddle P¹ is the same as that of the paddle P. The steam entering
through V egresses through the aperture B¹, after producing its effect.
The steam entering at V¹ egresses through the aperture B; it is intro-
duced from the boiler by a suitable conduct pipe D into the cylindrical
steam chest C, whence it is caused to arrive alternately at V and V₁
into the cylinder E, F, G, by means of the slide valve M set in the
steam chest C. The interception of the steam (which only occurs
when the steam is to act in full or without expansion) takes place
when the edge of one of the angles of the piston has performed sixty
degrees of its rotation, calculated from the point at which the paddle P
commences to open. It is exactly after this rotation of sixty degrees
that the opposite paddle P¹ opens, and that the steam enters and acts
on it and on the adjacent side of the piston. Thus, although the steam
has completely stopped acting on the piston when its introduction is

page_text: suspended, its relative action on one of the paddles would immediately
succeed its action on the other, but as from the moment the steam.
ceases to play on the paddle till that paddle shuts, a quantity of steam
remains inclosed between this paddle, the piston, and the cylinder,
5 which still acts by its expansion; the result is, that even in working at
full steam the engine at the same time unavoidably works expansively.
To avoid concussion of the piston's angles A, A1, A", against the paddle,
they are provided with shoulders Q, Q, Q", suitably shaped, and so
adjusted to the sides of the piston as to come softly in contact with and
0 close the paddles before the angular parts strike them. The alternate
ingress of steam into the cylinder E, F, G, through the ports V and V¹
is effected by means of a circular diaphragm M, which in its rotative
motion opens and shuts the upper openings of the pipes N and N¹;
this diaphragm performs a complete rotation during the same time
occupied by a complete rotation of the piston, which motion is obtained
by means of suitable cog wheels fixed on the respective axles of the
diaphragm and piston, and communicating with each other; this
diaphragm also allows of the regulation of the expansion.
To estimate the power to be obtained from machines of different
dimensions it will be merely necessary to give the general formula
which theory has led me to adopt, O, 43, R, H, P, which expresses the
medium pressure of the steam during a complete revolution of the
piston, and in which R represents half the diameter of the piston, or
half the internal diameter of the cylinder expressed in inches; H, the
height of the piston, also expressed in inches; P, the pressure of the
steam introduced into the cylinder, expressed in pounds per square
inch. Thus, by calculating according to these general data, the power
of a machine with a radius of twelve inches and twelve inches in thick-
ness revolving at the rate of fifty rotations per minute, under an
effective pressure of forty-two pounds per square inch, it would be found
that that machine had ten horse power.
By my new method of constructing rotatory engines I avoid dead
points, and obtain a greater amount of power with a less amount of
friction than hitherto.

page_text: And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner of executing the same, I wish it to be understood that what I
claim is, the peculiar construction of the piston and paddles, and the
mechanical arrangement for obtaining the alternate distribution of
steam, as herein-before described and referred to in the figures of the
Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexandre André Victor Sarrazin
de Montferrier, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this
Sixth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-four.
Witness,
HY GILBEE.
A. A. V. S. DE MONTFERRIER. (L.S.)