Improvements in that Class of Hammera known as " Olivers."
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in that Class of Hammera known as
" Olivers."
I, JONATHAN JACKS, of 05 Upper Orwell Street, Ipswich, in the County of Suffolk,
Blacksmith, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The invention bas for its object improvements in that class of hammers known as
"olivers" in order to enable a series of such hammers to be combined in the same
machine and worked in such manner that they may be all operated simultaneously
or any one or more may be thrown out of action, whilst a lighter or heavier blow is
enabled to be given by such hammers as may be desired.
The hammer heads are carried by a series of parallel arins fixed to parallel cross
spindles mounted in uprights provided with ineans to adjust the said spindles, and
consequently the hammers, both laterally and vertically, each spindle being mounted
in a separate pair of uprights. A short arm on each of said spindles is connected by
links with a spring pole overhead, as usual. A longer arm ou each of said spindles
is connected by links with a treadle lever near to the rear end of the latter such links
being provided with springs whereby they exert an elastic force on the hammers;
the forward ends of said treadle levers are mounted on a cross shaft with capability
of rocking and sliding a short distance to and fro thereon.
Means are also provided whereby the longer arms are caused to be stendy in their
motion, that is to say, as free as possible from vibration. For this purpose I connect
each of the longer arms by a link with the rear end of its actuating treadle lever,
such link being capable of a sliding motion in relation to such longer arm but being
provided with a spring pressed rad pressing constantly against the under side of such
longer arm. Motion is given to these trendle levels by operating armis jointed
thereto and loosely mounted on a cross shaft, to which a rocking motion is given
from a crank on a rotating shaft connected by link and lever with said cross shaft.
On said rocking cross shaft are mounted a series of clutches having a short lost
motion around such shaft but immovalle endwise thereof, and said operating arms
are provided with clutch surfaces to act in conncetion with said clutches.
On said rocking cross shaft are also mounted, at one side of each operating arm, a
series of sliding wedges, which are capable, when desired, of being depressed, by
means of treadles and suitable connections, to place their co-acting operating arms in
connection with their respective clutches, whilst at other times they are raised, by
means of springs, to enable their co-acting operating arms to be automatically nuved
sideways out of gear with their clutches by the aforesaid springs acting on lever
arms acting on one side of said co-acting operating arms.
The clutches are acted upon by springs in such manner as to insure their being in
proper position to clutch with the clutch surfaces of the aforesaid operating arms
when the latter are moved sideways for such purpose.
The weight of the blow of each hammer is regulated by limiting the height to
which it is mised. One method of effecting this is as follows: The inner end of each
of the treadle levers has jointed thereto a rack bar which at its rear end is slotted and
capable of sliding to and fro nud rocking on a fixed horizontal shaft. In connection

page_text: Jacks's Improvements in that Class of Hammers known as “ Olivers.”
with each of said rack bars is a pawl mounted loosely on a fixed horizontal slinft, one
of said pawls being mounted on one shaft and the other two ou another shaft.
These pawls are each operated by a lever fixed ou a separate horizontal shaft which
latter shafts are provided with levers connected to treadles by which they can be
operated, and I preferably provide two treadles to each of two pawl operating levers
so that said levers can be operated from either the side or front of the machine
whilst the third pawl operating lever is ucted upon by a single trendle at the side
of the machine. A somewhat similar arrangement of treadles is also amployed for
throwing the hammers into action, two of such latter treadles being in front and three
at the side.
The pawl operating levers are connected with the pawls by a pin in the one
working in a slot in the other.
The machine is provided with a bed to hold the block in which are fitted the tools
for the hammers to strike on and I connect the work releasing levers to a rocking
shaft operated by a lever connected by wire ropes to each of the longer arms
connected with the treadle levers.
The machine is arranged so that one or more men may work either at the frout
or side thereof.
I would have it understood that the meaus for limiting the extent of motion of
the hammers and for throwing the hammers into and out of action may be variously
arranged without departing from the peculiar character of my invention.
Dated this 31st day of May 1897.
HARRIS & MILLS,
23 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.
Improvements in that Class of Hammers known as
Univers,
I, JONATHAN JACKS, of 05 Upper Orwell Street, Ipswich, in the County of Suffolk,
Blacksmith, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:
The invention has for its object improvements in that class of hammers known as
"Olivers" in order to enable a series of such haminers to be combined in the same
machine and worked in such a manner that they may be all operated simultaneously
or any one or more may be thrown out of action, whilst a lighter or heavier blow is
enabled to be given by such hammers as may be desired.
My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which :--
"
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of an "Oliver provided with three hammers.
Fig. 2 is a plan or top view with some of the parts omitted for the sake of
clearness.
Fig. 3 is a sectional plan drawn on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a vertical section drawn on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation drawn on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3.
Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are respectively a front elovation, a vertical cross section and a
sectional plan, of the clutch arrangement and some of the parts connected therewith
for operating the hammers and throwing them into and out of action.
Figs. 9, 10 and 11 are respectively an inner side elevation, a vertical cross section
and a horizontal section, of one of a pair of uprights carrying one of the hammer
spindles.
Fig. 12 is a vertical section of the spring connection between one of the hammer
operating levers and its treadle lever.

page_text: Figs. 13 and 14 are two vertical sections drawn at right angles to each other of one
of the hammer-steadying links.
Fig. 15 is a front elevation of the tool-carrying block and levers for operating the
work-releasing levers, and
Fig. 16 is a side elevation of parts for regulating the strength of blow of one of the
hammers.
Figs. 6 to 14 are drawn on a larger scale than the other figs.
In all the figures like parts are indicated by similar letters of reference.
al as as are the hammer-heads, which are carried by a series of parallel arms a* a³ a®
fixed to parallel cross spindles a7 as a Fach spindle aaa is mounted in a
separate pair of uprights b b in the following manner to enable the said spindles, and
consequently the hammers, to be adjusted both laterally and vertically.
Each spindle is mounted at each end in a frame b' 6 suspended from its upper end
by a pin passing through a bearing at the lower end of a screw 6. This screw is
carried by the cross bar 65 with capability of adjustment by means of nuts 66. Each
part of each frame 6162 is provided with interfitting projections b', and these are
connected together by screws 6". These projections b' are located within slots 6º in
the uprights b, and screws 610 screwed into the uprights b, act upon the said projec
tions b' to adjust and fix the frames 6' b and the hammer spindle in the desired
position. Lock nuts 6 act to prevent the accidental shifting of the screws 610. The
uprights of each pair are tied firmly together by rods 613, and each pair of uprights
is firmly secured to the block o by tie bars 18, only one of which latter is shown to
avoid confusion in the drawing. The several pairs of uprights are also connected
with each other by bars b".
A short arm c on each of said spindles a' a' a' is connected by links c' with a
spring, pole coverhead, as usual. A longer arm d' d³ or d³ on each of said spindles,
is connected by links d' with a treadle lever e¹ e³ or e³, near to the rear end of the
latter, such links being formed in two parts with an interposed spring d', whereby
they exert an elastic force on the hammers; the forward slotted ends of the treadlo
levers el are mounted on a cross shaft with capability of rocking and sliding a
short distance to and fro thereon.
I also provide means whereby the longer arms & dd, and consequently the
hammers, are caused to be steady in their motion, that is to say, as free as possible
from vibration. For this purpose I connect each of the longer armis d' ded³ with the
rear end of its actuating treadle lever by a link 7 provided with a slot g', through
which the corresponding longer arm is passed; a pin passed through each longer
arm, enters slots g' in the link g to keep the latter in proper relation with its longer
arm dd or d³, and permit said link to slide in relation to said longer arm. Each
of such links g is provided with a rol g³ pressed upwards by a spring g', so as to press
constantly against the underside of such longer arm.
Motion is given to these treadle levers el ez e by operating arms & jointed thereto
ate and loosely mounted on a cross shaft i, to which a rocking motion is given from
a crank on a rotating shaft j, such crank j being connected, by connecting rod j
and lever i, with said cross shaft i. On this cross shaft i are mounted a series of
clutches ², having a short lost notion around such shaft, but immovable endwise
thereof by means of pins is passed through the cross shaft and through slots it in the
clutches . The operating arms are provided with clutch surfaces h' to act in
connection with said clutches. On the cross shaft i are also mounted a series of
sliding wedges k, one at one side of each operating arm h; these wedges are capable,
when desired, of being depressed by means of treadles k¹
fixed on
shafts kkk, and connected to such wedges by levers 19 and links 1°, to place
their coacting operating arms in connection with their respective clutches 2, whilst
at other times the said wedges are raised by means of springs, to enable their
coacting operating arms h to be automatically moved sideways out of gear with their
clutches by the aforesaid springs k acting, through the cross bar, springs kis
and rods, on crank lever arms acting on one side of each of said operating
arms h. The treadles kk2 k³ are at the side of the machine, whilst the treadles * k**

page_text: are at the front thereof. The clutches are acted upon by springs in such
manner as to ensure their being in proper position to clutch with the clutch surfaces h¹
of the operating arins when the latter are moved sideways for such purpose.
The weight of the blow of each hammer is regulated by limiting the height to
which it is raised; one method of effecting this is as follows. The inner end of each
of the treadle levers e¹ ee has jointed thereto a rack bar 1, which at its rear end is
slotted and capable of sliding to and fro and rocking on a fixed horizontal shaft .
In connection with each of said rack bars is a pawl mounted loosely on a fixed
horizontal spindle lor, one of said pawls being, for convenience, mounted on one
shaft and the other two on the shaft. These pawls are each operated by a lever 15
fixed on a separate horizontal shaft 17 or 1, which latter shafts are provided with
levers connected, by pin-joints, to the turned-up end of treadle fevers (111111
loosely connected at + to the platform m, thus permitting the blow of each hammer
to be regulated from the side of the machine. The shafts have also fixed on
them two other levers (9* connected by links (15 to treadle crank levers, by
which the blow of their respective hammers a¹ a² can be regulated from the front of
the machine. The pawl-operating levers are connected with the pawls 2 by a pin
in the one working in a slot in the other.
The machine is provided with a bed n to hold the block o in which are fitted
the tools for the bammers to strike on, and I operate the work-releasing levers q
by means of levers p¹ fixed to a rocking shaft p, on which is fixed a lever p²
having projections p³ connected by wire ropes to each of the longer arnis d² ² d³.
By the arrangement of parts as herein described one or more men may work either
at the front or side thereof. It will be evident that the machine might in like
manner be provided with more than three hammers, or with only two hammers, and
I would have it understood that the means for limiting the extent of motion of the
hammers, and for throwing the hammers into and out of action, may be variously
arranged without departing from the peculiar character of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is-
1. In that class of hammers known as Olivers," the combination of a series of
haminers connected to overhead spring poles, a block fitted with tools for the
haniners to strike on, means for adjusting the hammer spindles both laterally and
vertically, means for communicating motion to the hammers, means for regulating
the strength of blow of the hammers, means for steadying the motion of the
hammers, and means for throwing the hammers into and out of action, substantially
its hereinbefore set forth..
2. In that class of hammers known as "Olivers," the combination of a series of
hammers connected to overhead sping poles, parallel cross spindles on which the
hammer arins are separately fixed, separate pairs of uprights carrying the hammer
spindles, and means for adjusting the position of the hammer spindles both vertically
and laterally in such uprights, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
3. In that class of hammers known as "Olivers," the combination of a series of
hammers connected to overhead spring poles, hammer spindles nouuted in pairs of
uprights, haminer-operating arms on such spindles, hammer-operating treadle levers,
spring connections from such hammer-operating arms to the treadle levers, treadle
lever operating arms connected to the treadle levers, a rocking cross shaft on which
the treadle lever operating arms are loosely mounted, clutebes mounted on said cross
shaft and capable of slight motion around the same but immovable endwise thereof,
corresponding clutch surfaces on the bosses of the treadle lever operating arms,
sliding wedges acting to force the treadle lever operating arms into connection with
their clutches, rods aud levers operated by springs to raise the wedges and move the
treadle lever operating arins out of connection with their clutches, and treadles and
connections therefrom to the said wedges to operate the same from either the front
or side of the machine, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

page_text: 4. In that class of hammers known as "Olivers," the combination of a series of
hammers connected to overhead spring poles, means for operating the hammers,
means for throwing the hammers into and out of action, and upwardly spring-pressed
rods bearing constantly against the underside of the hammer operating arms to steady
the motion of the hammers, substantially as herein before set forth.
5. In that class of hammers known as "Olivers," the combination of a series of
hammers connected to overhead spring poles, treadle levers for operating the
hammers, means for throwing the hammers into and out of action, toothed rucks
connected with the treadle levers, pawls acting in connection with such toothed rucks
for limiting the upward motion of the trendle levers and consequently regulating the
force of the blow of the hammer, and treadles and connections neting on said pawls
either from the front or side of the machine, substantially as hereinbefore set
forth.
6. In that class of hammers known as "Olivers," the combination of a series of
hammers connected to overhead spring poles, means for operating the haminers, a
tool-carrying block for the hammers to strike on, work-releasing levers mounted in
said block, and levers connected to the hammer-operating arms and acting on the
work-releasing levers, substantially as herein before set forth.
7. In that class of hammers known as "Olivers," the combination and arrangement
of parts substantially as herein before set forth.
8. In that class of hammers known as "Olivers," the various improvements
substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
Dated this 20th day of September 1897
HARRIS & MILLS,
23 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.