Improvements in the Manufacture of Brushes.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 25th May, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Feb., 1895-Accepted, 23rd Mar.,
1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Brushes.
I, ANTOINE DUMAS-GARDEUX, of Brévannes, in the Republic of France,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of brushes and consists in fastening
the tufts of hair, bristles, metal wire or the like to the backing in such a manner
that the use of metal wires, string, thread, pitch, glue, mastics, and the like
for fixing the tufts to the backing may be dispensed with.
To this end I employ hairs, bristles or wires folded or doubled over and so
placed upon a ring as to form a kind of circular brush. Through the centre of
the ring is passed a screw or bolt having a washer which screw or bolt is fixed to
the backing by introducing the ring and its tuft together with the screw or bolt
into a hole formed therein.
In some cases I introduce the screw with the circular brush into a separate
socket having a central opening to allow of securing the whole to the backing.
Dated the 25th day of May 1894.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Brushes.
I. ANTOINE DUMAS-GARDEUX, of Brévannes, in the Republic of France,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the manufacture of brushes and consists in fastening
the tufts of hair, bristles, metal wire or the like to the backing or to the handle,
in such a manner that the use of wire, string, thread, pitch, glue, mastics, and the
like for fixing the tufts to the backing or handle may be dispensed with.
To this end I employ hairs, bristles or wires folded or doubled over and so
placed upon a ring as to form a kind of circular brush. Through the centre of the
ring is passed a screw or bolt having a washer which screw or bolt is fixed to the
backing, or to the handle, by introducing the ring and its tuft together with
the screw or bolt into a hole formed therein.
In some cases I introduce the screw with the circular brush into a separate
socket having a central opening to allow of securing the whole to the backing, or
to the handle.
The accompanying drawing illustrates the various arrangements I employ in
carrying out my invention whereby the objections above mentioned are obviated
and the durability of the brushes is greater than heretofore.
Figure 1 is an end elevation of a brush formed of tufts mounted upon a tube :
Figure 2 is a section on the line x-y of Figure 1:
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation illustrating the mounting of a tuft, the tuft
being shewn in the position it occupies prior to its being placed in its ferrule
or socket:

page_text: backing or holder :
Figure 5 is an elevation of a paint or like brush having my new tuft secured to
the handle thereof:
Figure 6 is an elevation of an arrangement of tuft with compensating spring.
Figures 7 and 8 are sectional elevations shewing different ways of mounting the
tufts upon wood :
Figure 9 is an elevation shewing tufts mounted on a metal strip or band:
Figure 10 is an elevation shewing the tufts mounted on a flexible or supple strip
or band of copper, india rubber, cloth or like material.
In Figure 3 the principle of my invention is represented in detail and the tufts
indicated so as to shew my method of manufacture. The tuft is prepared in the
following manner,-The hairs, bristles, wires or other material A. composing the
tuft are doubled or folded over into a U-shape and placed over one or more rings B
in the manner shewn. In the central or unoccupied space of the ring BI insert
a screw Chaving a conical head and insert the threaded part D of the same
through a hole E in a ring, ferrule or socket G of the diameter of the tuft to be
produced, I thus obtain a tuft H (Figure 4) ready to be fixed to a backing or to
a handle, the mounting of the tufts on the backings or handles may be effected in
various ways as illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 7, 8, 9 and 10.
Figures 1 and 2 shew a brush consisting of a metal tube J provided with my
tufts. Some of the tufts a are screwed directly into the tube and the others /
are secured thereto by means of nuts c.
Figure 9 shews the tufts d mounted on both sides of a metal strip or band M of
any desired form or dimensions. These tufts may be fixed by means of nuts for
be screwed directly into the strip or band M.
Figure 10 shews the tufts arranged upon a band N of copper, india rubber,
cloth or any kind of flexible or supple band they are screwed into the material
composing this backing or they can be rivetted thereto.
Figures 7 and 8 shew my tufts O fixed to a wooden backing P. In this
case the sockets G (Figure 3) héreinbefore described can be dispensed with,
holes made in the wood taking their place as shewn at h, m. The tufts can
by means of a central screw. Q be fixed directly to the wood backing, or they
can be mounted with a nut n or instead of the central screw 1 may employ a
ccnically headed stud p in the centre of which is a screw threaded hole which
receives a screw 9 provided with a washer r. Figure 6 represents a tuft S
provided at its lower part with a spring t which compensates for the wear of
the hair, bristles or other material of which the tuft is composed.
A like result can be obtained by making use of discs or washers.
Figure 5 is an arrangement shewing the application of my invention for the
manufacture of paint brushes or the like. In this case a handle is used in
place of a backing the tuft being fixed thereon by means of the screw. a.
It is to be understood that the tufts as well as the backing or handle may be
made of various materials and of any desired form.
My system allows of any one or more of the tufts being replaced and of the
tufts being sold ready to be fixed to any kind of backing or handle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The manufacture of brushes, brooms and the like substantially in the manner
herein before described whereby wire, string or the like as well as pitch, glue,
mastics and the like for fixing the tufts to their backing or handle, are dispensed
with.
2. In the manufacture of brushes making the tufts from bristles, hair, wire or the
like doubled or folded and placed over a ring the periphery of which they cover
substantially as herein before described.

page_text: 3. In the manufacture of brushes the use for fixing the tufts of bristles or the
like made in the manner claimed in Claim 2 of a conical headed screw or stud
placed in the centre of the ring and having its end screwed into or fixed by
suitable means to the backing or handle substantially as hereinbefore described.
4. In the manufacture of brushes the employment of a ferrule serving as a
socket for the tuft and allowing of fixing the latter upon flexible or thin backings
without necessitating veneering substantially as herein before described.
Dated the 23rd day of February 1895.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.