IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF SUBSTANCES TO BE USED IN PLACE OF THE PIGMENT USUALLY TERMED SATIN WHITE
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Dale, of Manchester, in the County of Lan-
caster, Manufacturing Chemist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PRODUCTION OF SUBSTANCES TO BE USED IN PLACE OF THE PIGMENT USUALLY
TERMED SATIN WHITE."
Sealed the 1st Angust 1865, and dated the 9th February 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Dale at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th February
1865.
I, JOHN DALE, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturing
Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF SUBSTANCES TO BE USED IN PLACE OF THE PIGMENT
USUALLY TERMED SATIN WHITE," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists, firstly, in decomposing the material called satin, white,
containing sulphate of lime and alumina by chloride of barium or of strontium,
so as to replace or partially so the sulphate of lime by the sulphates of barium
or strontium. The proportions to be used of the chlorides of barium or
strontium will be according to the amount of sulphate of lime to be replaced.
Secondly, my Invention consists in the production of a material to be used
in place of "satin white," by using caustic baryta or strontia instead of lime,
as in the ordinary method of making satin white.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Dale in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th
August 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
DALE, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemist,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said John Dale, Her special license that I, the said John
Dale, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said John Dale, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF SUBSTANCES TO BE USED IN PLACE OF THE
.PIGMENT USUALLY TERMED SATIN WHITE," upon the condition, amongst
others, that I, the said John Dale, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Dale, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):
My Invention consists, firstly, in decomposing the material called satin
white, containing sulphate of lime and alumina by chloride of barium or
strontium, so as to replace or partially so the sulphate of lime by the sulphate
of barium or strontium.
Secondly, in the production of a material to be used in place of "satin
white," by using caustic baryta or strontia instead of lime, as in the ordinary
method of making satin white.
In carrying my Invention into practice I proceed as follows:-Firstly, when

page_text: I wish to replace the sulphate of lime in the ordinary satin white manu-
factured from lime and sulphate of alumina, I diffuse the ordinary finished satin
white through water, and add to it a solution of chloride of barium until the
whole or part of the contained sulphate of lime shall have been converted into
sulphate of baryta. The proportions to be used may be varied according to
the amount of sulphate of lime to be replaced. In practice I find five hundred-
weight of chloride of barium to be sufficient for one ton of ordinary satin
white. The supernatant chloride of calcium is removed by washing, and
the resulting precipitate is pressed, and is then in a fit state for use. When
I wish to manufacture the satin white by the use of caustic baryta or strontia
in the place of lime, I take four equivalents of caustic baryta or strontia,
and add it to one equivalent of potash or ammonia, alum or tersulphate of
alumiña. The mixture," with moisture as in making satin white," is effected
in a pug mill until the decomposition is complete, the product is then with-
drawn from the mill, washed and pressed, and is ready for use. If a mixture
should be desired to be made a certain amount of caustic baryta may be
replaced by the addition of an equivalent quantity of caustic lime or strontia.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be under-
stood that I claim as secured to me under the above in part recited Letters
Patent,
Firstly, the production of a pigment by decomposing the known pigment
satin white by means of chloride of barium or strontium, so as to replace or
partially replace sulphate of lime by sulphate of barium or strontium.
Secondly, the production of a pigment by using caustic baryta or strontia
instead of or partly instead of the lime ordinarily used in making "satin
white."
In witness whereof, I, the said John Dale, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Eighth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
JOHN DALE. (L.S.)