Improvements in and connected with Apparatus for Embossing Paper, Wood-pulp, Leather, and similar Materials.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Nov., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 18th Aug., 1890-Accepted, 4th Oct., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Apparatus for Embossing
Paper, Wood-pulp, Leather, and similar Materials.
I, BENJAMIN MADDOCK BREW of 14 Queenhithe in the City of London, Manager,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to apparatus for embossing paper, wood-pulp, leather and
similar materials.
According to these improvements the moistened sheets of paper, wood-pulp, leather
and similar materials are passed between a roller having the desired design or pattern
cast thereon and a bed roller or travelling web preferably covered with or consisting
of a soft elastic material such as vulcanised india-rubber.
The roller on which is cast the pattern or design to be reproduced in embossing
thereby the paper wood pulp or other material is produced in the following manner-
The desired pattern or design is engraved on a dummy roller of wood, wax, plaster
of Paris, modeller's clay, or other material of a similar character in which the design
is easily produced. A mould is made from the dummy roller by known methods and
this mould after the usual precautions have been taken is placed vertically on a rotary
table resembling a potter's wheel and is rapidly rotated. Whilst the mould is being
rotated molten zinc or a metal or alloy having a similar melting point and hardness
is poured into the mould whilst at a very high temperature. By the centrifugal
action of the rotating mould the metal will be forced into the minutest line and on
cooling, an exact duplicate of the original roller will be produced. From this roller
other moulds may be formed if desired in case the original is constructed of such a
material that it is destroyed in the operation of moulding or casting, or if the mould
is by any means rendered useless.
The mandrel may be inserted in the centre of the mould so as to be cast therein, or
in place of the mandrel a core may be inserted in the mould so as to form an axial
opening or hole through which the mandrel may be fitted into the roller.
A cast roller produced as herein before described may be employed in an ordinary
embossing machine but I prefer to use it in combination with a bed roller the surface
of which is covered with a soft elastic material such as vulcanised india-rubber or
india-rubber compound. If a travelling web or endless table is used in place of or in
addition to the bed roller, I prefer to form the surface or the whole of the web or
endless table of the soft elastic material.
An embossing roller may be produced as herein before described at a much less cost
than at present and as many duplicates thereof as may be desired may be cast at a
nominal cost each, since the cost of re-engraving is avoided.
Dated this 21st day of November A.D. 1889.
WILLIAM E. HEYS,
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Apparatus for Embossing
Paper, Wood-pulp, Leather, and similar Materials.
'
I, BENJAMIN MADDOCK BREW of 6 Denbigh Road Ealing in the County of
Middlesex, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:
--
This invention relates to apparatus for embossing paper, wood-pulp, leather and

page_text: According to these improvements the moist or moistened paper, wood-pulp, leather
or similar material is passed between a roller having the desired pattern cast thereon,
and a bed roller or travelling web preferably covered with or consisting of a soft
elastic material such as vulcanised indiarubber.
The design to be reproduced is cast or produced on the surface of the roller in the
following manner :- The desired pattern or design is engraved or otherwise formed
on a dummy roller of wood, wax, plaster of Paris, modeller's clay, or other material
of a suitable and similar character, in which the design may be easily produced. A
mould or matrix is formed from the engraved or dummy roller by ordinary and well
known methods and this mould, after it has been dried, (if necessary), and other usual
precautions have been taken, is placed vertically on a table which is capable of being
rotated somewhat in the same manner as a potter's wheel. The table with the mould
thereon is set in rapid rotation whilst the molten metal or alloy at a temperature
considerably above its melting point is poured therein. It will of course be obvious
that the vertical axis of the mould should be in line with the centre of rotation of the
table. By the centrifugal action of the rotating mould, the metal will be forced into
its minutest crevices and lines, and upon cooling an exact metallic duplicate of the
original roller will be produced. It will be understood that the rotary motion of the
mould is maintained until the metal or alloy has set. The metal which I prefer to
use for casting the roller is zinc, but any other metal or alloy having a similar, or
superior hardness and a comparatively low melting point may be employed.
For the roller cast as herein before described, other moulds may be made in case
the original mould is destroyed or if the original dummy roller is by any means
rendered useless.
The mandrel upon which the roller is to work may be inserted in the centre of the
mould so as to be cast therein, or in place of the mandrel, a core may be inserted in
the mould so as to form an axial opening or hole through which the mandrel may be
fitted into the roller.
A cast roller produced as hereinbefore described may be employed in an embossing
machine of ordinary construction but I prefer to use it in combination with a bed
roller or with a travelling apron or endless table the surface of which consists of or is
covered with a soft elastic material such as vulcanised indiarubber or indiarubber
compound. In the case of an endless table or travelling web being selected, the
whole material of the web or table may consist of the soft elastic material.
The accompanying drawings illustrate in what manner the machine for embossing
may be constructed.
A is the framing of the machine: B is the roller having the design to be repro-
duced cast thereon as hereinbefore described; C is the bed roller having its surface
covered with the soft elastic material as represented in the strong black line; F is a
sliding bearing of which there is one at each end of the roller C; G is a vertical
screwed shaft carrying at its upper end the bearing F and working in the fixed
nut L; H is a bevel pinion on the shaft G gearing into the bevel wheel I on the
horizontal shaft J which is capable of being rotated by means of the hand wheel K.
There is intended to be a hand wheel and gearing for adjusting the sliding
bearings F at each side of the machine so that each end of the roller may be
adjusted independently.
If a travelling apron or endless table be employed, a plain roller is substituted for
the covered roller C and two small rollers EE are mounted in the machine framing.
The travelling apron D is placed around the rollers ECE and in this position will,
as represented in dotted lines, act as a cushion for the embossing roller B. The rollers
may be driven by the ordinary and well known means.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
(1.) An embossing roller having a cast surface produced substantially as and by
the means herein before described.

page_text: (2.) In an embossing machine, the combination and arrangement of a roller
having a cast surface produced as and by the means hereinbefore described, with
a soft elastic travelling web or endless table or a roller covered with a soft elastic
material substantially as herein before described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 16th day of Amanat A D 1900
WILLIAM E. HEYS,
Agent for the Applicant.