IMPROVEMENTS IN COATING OB COVERING THE SURFACES OF IRON OR STEEL SHIPS AND OTHER METALLIC SURFACES TO PROTECT AND PREVENT CONDENSATION UPON THEM. AND INATING DECKS OF OR VESSE
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Welch, of Portsmouth, in the County of
Southampton, Hants, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COATING OB
COVERING THE SURFACES OF IRON OR STEEL SHIPS AND OTHER METALLIC
SURFACES TO PROTECT AND PREVENT CONDENSATION UPON THEM. AND IN
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Welch at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd March 1881.
WILLIAM WELCH, of Portsmouth, in the County of Southampton, Hants.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COATING OR COVERING THE SURFACES OF IRON OR STEEL
SHIPS AND OTHER METALLIC SURFACES TO PROTECT AND PREVENT CONDEN-
ŠATION UPON THEM, AND IN COATING IRON OR STEEL DECKS OF SHIPS OR
VESSELS."
This Invention has for its object improvements in coating or covering the
surfaces of iron or steel ships and other metallic surfaces to protect and prevent
condensation upon them, and in coating iron or steel decks of ships or vessels.
For these purposes I use liquid and plastic cementitious compositions in combi-
nation with granular and other substances. The plastic cementitious compositions
I prefer to use are those known as Welch's improved cement and paint compositions,
described in the Specification of a Patent, No. 2168, in the year 1866, although
other paints or cements may be modified and used therewith.
According to my Invention the surfaces to be covered are first coated with the
liquid or plastic composition to a depth of about of an inch, or to such substance
as may be required, by ordinary brush or plastering methods; the surfaces of the
cementitious substance are then closely covered with a coating of granulated cork of
the desired thickness whereby an insulatory and non-condensing surface is obtained.
For covering steel or iron decks of ships and other surfaces, the surfaces are first
coated with a thickness, say, of of an inch of the cementitious substances, and this

page_text: is then closely covered with a layer of granulated cork of the desired thickness; the
cork is afterwards covered with another coating of the cementitious composition by
which the interstices of the granular cork are filled.
In this way a semi-elastic noiseless non conducting waterproof even surface is
produced at a small cost answering all the ordinary purposes of wood planking but
much lighter.
Any number of layers of cork may be used for increasing the thicknesses.
For covering steel and iron decks of ships and other flooring substances I also
in some cases first coat the surfaces with the liquid and plastic compositions to the
thickness of of an inch, and over the cementitious composition while in a plastic
state a layer of fibrous matting, as cocoa nut fibre or other woven matting of a
similar kind, as of hemp, jute, or such like; over the surfaces of the matting
another coating of the cementitious composition is then applied whereby the
interstices of the fibres are filled and an even surface produced, and where desirable
a coating of fine granular cork in-laid, and a smooth surface, perfectly waterproof
and non-conducting is thus realized. Any number of layers may be used.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Welch in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd September 1881.
WILLIAM WELCH, of Portsmouth, in the County of Southampton, Hants.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COATING OR COVERING THE SURFACES OF IRON OR STEEL
SHIPS AND OTHER METALLIC SURFACES TO PROTECT AND PREVENT CONDEN-
SATION UPON THEM, AND IN COATING IRON OR STEEL DECKS OF SHIPS OR
VESSELS."
This Invention has for its object improvements in coating or covering the
surfaces of iron or steel ships and other metallic surfaces to protect and prevent
condensation upon them, and in coating iron or steel decks of ships or vessels.
According to my Invention the surfaces to be covered are first coated with liquid
or plastic compositions, preferably such as hereinafter described, to a depth of about
of an inch, or to such substance as may be required, by ordinary brush or
plastering methods; the surfaces of the cementitious substance are then closely
covered with a coating of granulated cork of the desired thickness whereby an
insulatory and non-condensing surface is obtained which may if desired be
subsequently painted or whitewashed.
For covering steel or iron decks of ships and other surfaces, the surfaces are first
coated with a thickness of, say, 1/8 of an inch of the cementitious substances, and
this is then closely covered with a layer of granulated cork of the desired thickness;
the cork is afterwards covered with another coating of the cementitious compo-
sition by which the interstices of the granular cork are filled.
In this way a
semi elastic noiseless non conducting waterproof even surface is produced at
a small cost, answering all the ordinary purposes of wood planking, but much
lighter.
Any number of layers of cork may be used for increasing the thicknesses.
For covering steel and iron decks of ships and other flooring substances I also,
in some cases, first coat the surfaces with the liquid and plastic compositions to the
thickness of 1/8 of an inch, and over the cementitious composition while in a plastic
state, a layer of fibrous matting, as cocoa nut fibre or other woven matting of a
similar kind, as of hemp, jute, grass, or such like; over the surfaces of the mattings
another coating of the cementitious composition is then applied whereby the
interstices of the fibres are filled and an even surface produced, and when desirable
a coating of fine granular cork, metal, or stone grit inlaid and a smooth surface
perfectly waterproof and non conducting, is thus realized. Any number of layers
may be used
For covering steel and iron decks of ships and other surfaces I also, in some
cases, make the cementitious compositions and fibrous mattings into slabs or sheets
of various sizes, and afterwards they are consolidated by hydraulic presses or other
power. The slabs or sheets are then separately fixed to the surfaces by means of
the plastic cementitious compositions.
The cementitious compositions are prepared in the following manner :-Solid
substances, such as lime-stones, earths, metallic oxides, minerals, &c., are reduced
into impalpable powder by calcination, grinding mills, or other means, and are
mixed with oils, resinous bodies, tara, pitch, bitumens, asphaltums, and formed
into a vicious slime or sludge by heating and mixing in cauldrons or tanks.
The mixture of the solid and liquid substances are also in some cases subsequently
acted upon by mixing with them when heated gases, liquids, salts, or acids.
The substances thus prepared are afterwards classified into two sets in chemical
order, one set negative the other positive, and are kept free from all atmospheric

page_text: influence until required for use; when required for use one or more of the negative
and positive compositions are mixed together and brought into a liquid or plastic
state, either by the application of heat or by dissolving them in fixed, drying, or
volatile oils.
The advantages possessed by cement compositions of the kind above set forth
are that they are very waterproof, cohesive, and possess steady progressive setting
or consolidating properties. They are now well known as Welch's cement
compositions, and have for several years been manufactured by me.
:
In witness whereof, I, the said William Welch, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty second day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
WILLIAM WELCH. (L.S.)