THE PREPARATION OF IMPROVED MATERIALS FOR DISINFECTING AND DEODORISING PURPOSES
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Francis Thomas Bond, M.D., of Gloucester, in the
1
County of Gloucester, for the Invention of "THE PREPARATION OF
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Francis Thomas Bond
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 30th April 1874.
I, FRANCIS THOMAS BOND, M.D., of Gloucester, in the County of
Gloucester, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for “THE
PREPARATION OF IMPROVED MATERIALS FOR DISINFECTING AND DEODORISING
PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
* The object of this Invention is to combine certain metallic & other
matters, which possess approved efficiency as disinfecting and deodorising
agents with a cheap material, by means of which they can be
advantageously employed especially in the dry form. For this purpose
I take sawdust and steep it in a solution of one or other of the following
salts, viz., the sulphates or chlorides of aluminum, iron, or copper,.

page_text: .
according to the objects for which it is specially intended to be used, or
I steep it first in solution of sulphate or chloride of iron and then in
solution of ammonia, so as to precipitate oxide of iron in and upon it; or
I treat it in the same way successively with sulphate or chloride of
aluminum and solution of ammónia, so as to precipitate alumina in and
upon it; or after precipitating oxide of iron upon it I steep it in solution
of sulphate or chloride of aluminum, either with or without subsequent
addition of solution of ammonia. After each of these processes the
sawdust should be well dried but especially after the final one in each
case. In this way I obtain a combination of the properties of oxide of
iron with oxide of aluminum, or of oxide of iron with sulphate or
chloride of aluminum, forming in the one case a basic, in the other an
acid absorbent and oxydizing material. Moreover the preparations
which contain sulphates, or chlorides, or oxides of iron or copper, possess
under certain circumstances the power of absorbing sulphuretted
hydrogen, which makes them very useful for sanitary purposes.
Where the special antiseptic powers possessed by carbolic acid and
other similar substances are desired I employ them to saturate simple
sawdust or sawdust treated in any of the ways above mentioned. To
sawdust thus combined with a salt of aluminum and iron, with or
without carbolic acid, I give the name ferralum, and I distinguish the
several varieties thereof, as acid ferralum, basic ferralum, & carbolic
ferralum respectively. The substances thus prepared from their com-
bining the highly absorbent nature of sawdust with the antiseptic,
deodorising, & oxydizing properties of the other agents with which it
is saturated, possess great advantages for use in privies, commodes,
urinals, sick rooms, hospitals, & other similar places, as means of
disinfecting & deodorising excremental matters, infected clothes, sup-
purating & foetid wounds, &c.
filed by the said Francis Thomas Bond in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 12th October 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FRANCIS
THOMAS BOND, M.D., of Gloucester, in the County of Gloucester, send
greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of April, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Francis Thomas Bond, Her special license
that I, the said Francis Thomas Bond, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Francis Thomas Bond, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "THE PREPARATION OF
IMPROVED MATERIALS FOR DISINFECTING AND DEODORISING PURPOSES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Francis Thomas Bond, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Francis Thomas Bond, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertaineḍ
in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The object of this Invention is to combine certain metallic salts and
other substances of approved efficiency as disinfecting and deodorising
agents with a cheap material or materials, which shall serve as an
appropriate vehicle for the convenient and safe application of such
substances, especially of those which are of a poisonous character, and
by means of which they can be advantageously employed in the dry.
form.
The disinfecting and deodorising agents which I employ are of two
kinds consisting of, firstly, the sulphates or chlorides of iron, manganese,
zinc, and copper, the acetate and nitrate of lead, and the chromate and
bichromate of potash; and secondly, carbolic acid and terebene, an
isomeric derivative of oil of turpentine, well known to chemists and
described in many chemical books. Of all of these substances those

page_text: which I prefer for combination, as possessing the highest efficiency in
that form are the sulphate of copper, the bichromate of potash, and
terebene.
As a vehicle I take any pulverulent and absorbent substance with
which these substances can be conveniently mixed or diffused, so as to
allow of their being applied as disinfectants in a dry form, but the
substance which I specially prefer for this purpose is sawdust.
The mode in which I combine the substances which I preferentially
employ is as follows: I take five parts by weight of bichromate of
potash and fifteen of sulphate of copper, and dissolve them in from five
to ten parts by weight of boiling water, which I then pour upon eighty
parts by weight of sawdust. When these have been thoroughly
incorporated the sawdust is artificially dried, or it is exposed to the air
for the same purpose. When it is quite dry I incorporate with every
sixteen parts of it by weight from two to four parts of terebene. To the
compound thus formed I give the name of cupralum. It possesses the
following advantages, (1) it coagulates albumen; (2) it decomposes
sulphuretted hydrogen; (3) it neutralises ammoniacal and other alkaline.
matters; (4) it gives off vapours which have strongly deodorant pro-
perties; (5) it absorbs liquids and thereby promotes their desiccation;
(6) it promotes the oxidation of any organic matters with which it may
thus be brought into contact. By combining several of the other salts
above named either with tercbene or with carbolic acid and with
sawdust most if not all of the above advantages may be obtained, but
the compounds thus formed are inferior either in respect of general
efficacy, cheapness, or agrecability to that which I have specifically
described.
It is not essential that the exact proportions which I have named
should be observed, as they may be varied considerably according to the
special object in view for which disinfection or deodorisation is required.
Nor is it necessary that the salts used should be dissolved in water before
being mixed with the sawdust, as they may be ground into powder,
and so diffused through it or any other suitable vehicle which may be
employed.
I wish it to be understood that I do not claim any novelty for the use
of any of the above substances singly as a disinfectant or deodorant
except terebene, nor do I claim for the combination of any of them'

page_text: cerebenе.
What I claim is,-
Firstly. The application of terebene for disinfecting and deodorising
purposes.
Secondly. The combination of the metallic salts above named either
with carbolic acid or terebene for the same purposes.
And, Thirdly. The further combination of such a compound with
sawdust or any other similar vehicle, so as to produce a substance
having the advantages above described, and which has the further
advantage that it allows poisonous bodies, ás most of the above are, to
be employed as domestic disinfectants without the possibility of their
being taken accidentally as poisons..
It can be easily shewn by practical experiment that the substance
which I have above designated by the title of cupralum, and the general
composition of which I have described, possesses antiseptic and deodorant
powers greatly superior to those of any disinfectant now commonly in
use especially for domestic purposes.
I wish it to be further understood that I do not limit the term
disinfection to the destruction of morbific matter in cases of disease, but
I include in it antiseptic applications generally, and especially the
preservation of meat from offensive decomposition, for which terebene
has considerable utility.
In witness whereof, I, the said Francis Thomas Bond, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Third day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.
FRANCIS THOMAS BOND. (L.S.)