Improvements in Oil Lamps and Burners for Heating or Lighting.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Mar., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 24th Jan., 1893—Accepted, 24th Mar., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Oil Lamps and Burners for Heating or Lighting.
We JAMES ROOTS Engineer and JOHN WILLIAM SEAL Model Maker of
Holborn Place 261 High Holborn London do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to that class of oil lamps and burners known as vapour
lamps which may be actuated by the pressure of compressed air or by a head of oil.
For burners on about the same or on a higher level than the oil, air is compressed
by means of a small hand pump into the oil reservoir, space for which is left in the
reservoir above the highest level of the oil, the filler for which is fitted for this
purpose about half or two thirds way from the reservoir top so that it may not be
filled above this level, and the air pump may be fitted in one with the closing plug
with a cock between. An additional or let off cock may be fitted at the reservoir
top. The oil feed pipe dips below the oil level and the air pressure forces it
through to the burner. The burner is formed of a piece of tubing bent round in a
lengthened loop, one end of which is closed, and brought into or almost into contact
with the side wall of the tube. A small orifice is drilled near the end, so that the
vapour is directed along the length of and inside the loop. Inside the tube on that
side of the loop which is fixed to the oil supply pipe, is fitted a piece of wire with a
screw thread cut along its whole length. On the other side of the tube from the
orifice may be fitted a needle point adjustable by means of a screw, so that in the
event of the orifice getting stopped up, the needle point can be thrust into it to
remove the obstruction. A tubular outer cover is fitted on the burner to retain the
heat, direct the flame, and mix the vapour jet with air by injection. A receptacle
containing asbestos may be fitted to catch oil which may come through at starting,
and utilize such oil for heating the burner. For heating purposes a conical or
tubular chamber lined with asbestos may be employed to receive the flame, and the
receptacle for catching the oil at starting may be combined in conjunction with such
chamber, with or without a central air supply pipe, and also with the support for
a kettle, oven, etc.
For lighting purposes a slot is cut in the side of a piece of tubing near its closed
end, and the vapour jet is directed preferably downwards through the other, the
force of which injects air into the tube and simultaneously mixing with it is burnt
at the slot.
In a modification for either purpose, the vapouriser may be straight, with the
orifice near the closed end, the injecting tube being bent round in a sharp bend, air
being admitted through perforations made near the orifice. The vapouriser may be
packed by the screwed wire as before described or by some absorbent material.
It is made preferably in three parts the burner and vapouriser in one in T form, the
supply pipe screwed into the vapouriser and the injecting tube, a double elbow, is
fitted over the orifice and also to the burner.
For lighting the cross slot before mentioned is used but for heating a parallel
slot.
Dated Mauch 4th 1000
JAS. ROOTS.
JOHN WILLIAM SEAL.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Oil Lamps and Burners for Heating or Lighting.
JAMES ROOTS Engineer and JOHN WILLIAM SEAL Model Maker of Holborn
Place 261 High Holborn London do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
It relates to that class of oil lamps and burners known as vapour lamps which
may be actuated by the pressure of compressed air or by a head of oil. For
burners on about the same or on a higher level than the oil, air is compressed by
means of a small hand pump in any usual manner into the oil reservoir, space for
which is left in the reservoir above the highest level of the oil, the filler for which
is fitted for this purpose about half or two third way from the reservoir top, so that
it may not be filled above this level, and the air pump may be fitted in one with the
closing plug, with a cock between. An additional or let off cock may be fitted at
the reservoir top. The oil feed pipe dips below the oil level and the air pressure
forces it through to the burner. The burner is formed of a piece of tubing bent
round in a lengthened loop, one end of which is closed, and brought into or almost
into contact with the side wall of the tube. A small orifice is drilled near the end,
so that the vapour is directed along the length of and inside the loop. Inside the
tube on that side of the loop which is fixed to the oil supply pipe is fitted a piece
of wire with a screw thread cut along its whole length. On the other side of the
tube from the orifice is fitted a needle point, adjustable by means of a screw, so
that in the event of the orifice getting stopped up the needle point can be thrust
into it by turning it to remove the obstruction. A tubular outer cover is fitted on
the burner to retain the heat, direct the flame, and mix the vapour jet with air by
injection. A receptacle containing asbestos, may be fitted to catch oil which may
come through at starting and to utilize such oil for heating the burner. For heating
purposes a conical or tubular chamber lined with asbestos may be employed to
receive the flame and the receptacle for catching the oil at starting may be com-
bined in conjunction with such chamber, with or without a central air supply pipe
and also with the support for a kettle, oven, etc.
For lighting purposes a slot is cut crossways in a piece of tubing near its closed
end, and the vapour jet is directed preferably downward through the other end the
force of which injects air into the tube, and simultaneously mixing with it is burnt
at the slot cut at the closed end of the shaped injection tube.
In a modification for either purpose, the vaporiser may be straight with the
orifice near the closed end, the injecting tube being bent round in a sharp bend air
being admitted through perforations made near the orifice. The vaporiser may be
packed by a length of screwed tube having inside it some absorbent material. It
is made preferably in three parts the burner and vaporiser in one in T form, the
supply pipe screwed into the vaporiser and the injecting tube a double elbow is
fitted over the orifice and also to the burner.
The same letters refer to parts serving a like purpose in all the figures.
Figs. 1 and 2 are sections of the loop tube burner for heating purposes, Fig. 2
showing a modification of the needle arrangement in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an external view of Fig. 1. The tube A is bent round in a loop in the
manner shown and closed at the end B, near this end the solid piece C is brazed on
and a hole drilled through the solid piece and the tube, into which hole in the solid
piece after being tapped is fitted the screw needle D, the outer end of which being
square renders the needle adjustable by a small spanner. The tubular burner
nozzle E fits closely over the loop A and serves to direct the flame, to mix air with
the vapour issuing from the orifice and also to assist in maintaining the heat round
the loop A within which the oil is vaporised. The holes shown in the nozzle serve
to prevent the flames from being blown out.

page_text: It 18 Tormed of
Fig. 4 is the packing to fit the longer arm of the tube loop A.
either a single piece of wire with a thread cut upon it, or of two or three pieces of
smaller wire tightly twisted.
Fig. 5 is another form of heating or lighting burner burner, in which the
vaporising part A is cast with a part of the nozzle E but on the outside of it. The
needle D is fitted on the injecting bend of the nozzle E and the needle point projects
into the orifice from the outside of it. This point is wedge shaped as shown at
Fig. 5. The packing for this burner consists as shown at Fig. 5B of a short piece
of tube fitting within A, closed at one end by a disc of metal, and with a screw
thread cut on the outside of it. The inside of the packing tube is filled with
asbestos fibre. The cap or closing plug of the vaporiser has; cast with it a
receptacle X 1 to contain asbestos into which a small quantity of petroleum is
poured to heat the burner for starting.
Figs. 6. 7. 8 and 9. show the construction of burner for lighting purposes.
Figs. 6 and 7 are a section and plan respectively of the burner in which the
vaporiser A. is formed of a piece of flattened tube. Figs. 8 and 9 are section and
plan respectively of a burner in which a tube bent round as shown of a horseshoe
form with one end lengthened. The other parts of the burners are alike. The
point or wedge end of the needle D projects into the vapor orifice from the outside
and is adjustable by turning upon the screw thread. The jet of vapor is injected
into the bent or L shaped tube E and draws in air through the short pipe F. The
vapour and air are mixed together in the bend E which is closed at its other end,
and immediately next the closing plug G a slot is cut across the tube parallel with
the closing plug G. The injected mixture impinges upon the plug G and passes
through the crossway slot being spread thereby into a luminous flat flame of similar
This while giving
shape and appearance to that from an ordinary gas burner.
light maintains the temperature of the vaporiser A to continue the vaporisation of
the oil. The vaporiser A is packed with twisted wire or asbestos fibre or with
both. The quantity of air injected by and mixed with the stream of vapour in the
heating burners shown at Figs. 1. 2. 3 and 5 is so much greater than in the lighting
burners that these (the heating burners) burn with an atmospheric or blue flame.
The shorter arm of the vaporising or loop tube A in Figs. 1. 2 and 3 is not packed,
and the packing shown at Fig. 4 is intended to fit closely in the longer arm.
The short tube F in Figs. 6. 7. 8 and 9 is open to the air and projects in the
opposite direction from the flame in order that no products of combustion may be
mixed with the air drawn through it by the jet of vapor passing down the tube E.
In either burner the oil may be supplied under pressure from an air pressure
reservoir or by a fall or head of oil, the oil supply pipe being screwed on the end X
in each burner.
The only difference between the burners at Figs. 1 and 2 is that a packing gland
is fitted over the screw needle in Fig. 2 to prevent leakage.
Fig. 10 is a section of a part of the lamp stove for heating or cooking purposes
wherein the casting is lined with asbestos, and is provided with two projecting
mouths H H which take the nozzle E of two of the burners shown at Figs. 1 and 2.
a tube J is screwed into the bottom of it which becomes red hot and supplies a
further amount of heated air for the flames which meet upon it. Three projecting
pieces are cast at the top to carry the vessel to be heated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. The construction and arrangement of the heating burner as shown at Figs. 1.
2. 3 and 4 consisting of a bent tube bent in, or similar to the manner shown one
arm of which burner is packed as described and provided with an adjustable
needle D and a perforated nozzle E.
TL L
ibed and shown at Kios 5 and 5B

page_text: 3. The construction of the air injecting lighting burners as described and shown
at Figs. 6. 7. 8 and 9.
4. The flat or edge-end adjusting needle for petroleum burners described and
shown in Fig. 5ª.
5. The construction of a part of a lamp or lamp stove as described and shown at 5
Fig. 10.
Dated 04th 1000
JAMES ROOTS.
JOHN WILLIAM SEAL.

page_text: Referring to Sheet 1, of the accompanying drawing the various parts of last and
adjustable and universal stand herein after described and ascertained by letters and
figures are as follows. A heel part of last. A 1, forepart and instep or block.
A 2, joint cast to forepart and heel part. A 3, steel pin fitted to he part, A, and
she parts of the said joints, A 1. A 4, post or hinged clip lock'd on clip plate or
catch, A 5, holding said post in position by means of spring shewn in broken beel
part of last A 6. B last stand or upright having a slot to receive an adjustable
rest, B2, regulated to the various lengths of lasts and locking sarae and in suitable
position for operator by means of thumb screw, B 3.
B 4, socket or circular table to receive bottom and round part of stand. B 5, hand
lever screw for the purpose of locking the aforesaid stand back front or any suitable
position required by operator in making boot or shoe that is to say the last stand
and rest can be moved round on circular table or round plate of socket. B 6, loose.
toe rest with indiarubber buffer top, B 7, to prevent damaging boot uppers during
operation the said loose toe rest, B6 having leather washers such as, B 8, fitted to
pin shewn in broken part of adjustable rest B 2. B 9, leather washers between
collar of stand B. and top of socket, B 4, to the bottom part of rest, B2, is also
secured leather washers, B 10, for the purpose of giving solidness to last stand
and rest during operation.
In respect to wood last, Fig. 2, Sheet 1, the two parts of joint are secured to
instep or forepart, A 1, the relative one part of joint being secured to body or heel
part, A.
In taking out last from boot or shoe the instep post is forced from clip plate and
the heel part being pulled up from heel part of boot, the said last being then
drawn out of boot or shoe giving a free and easy delivery to the same.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is
1st. A last as shewn in accompanying drawings and for the purpose hereinbefore
described.
2nd. In combination with the said last an adjustable universal stand as shewn in
the accompanying drawings and for the purpose described.
3rd. A last made in two parts with a joint as hereinbefore described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated 23rd day of December 1892.
JOHN SHARP.
JOHN WILLIAM SHARP.

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Mar., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 24th Dec., 1892-Accepted, 23th Jan., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lasts for the Manufacture of Boots and Shoes.
JOHN SHARP Pattern Maker 17 Thorngate Street JOHN WILLIAM SHARP,
Engineer 46 Wood Street. both of Kettering in the County of Northamptonshire
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object improvements in and appertaining to lasts used
in the manufacture of boots and shoes, and relates to improvements in lasts used
and made at the present time.
The object of this or these lasts is to be made to enter a boot or shoe similar to
the human foot. That is to say the said last is made with a joint hinged across the
ball or tread near or as near as is possible to be got to the insole of the boot that
is made on the aforesaid last, and to resist the amount of hammering brought to
bear upon the last by operator in making a boot or shoe to same.
We do not confine ourselves precisely to the cutting of the aforesaid last on the
ball or tread. We cut the aforesaid last so as to give ease in entering a boot or
shoe or free delivery from same. More fully described, the aforesaid last is made
with or without an adjustable block. Where a last is used without an adjustable
block, the cutting of a last is carried from near the ball to the instep of same giving
a vacancy for sufficient moving of the said joint and to give a free delivery of the
last from the boot or shoe, and the instep is fitted with a jointed post to rest on a
clip stop-plate near to the waist of the aforesaid last. Where the adjustable block
is used, the said block is cut lower, that is to say, over and to cover the aforesaid
joint on the ball or tread having a conical pin fitted to the said block and a hole
bored in the forepart of the last to suit the said conical pin in block, and the afore-
said block to be locked in position by means of a spring catch, the same to be
released by the insertion of a key or lever hook.
We are well aware of lasts being made with adjustable insteps and loose heels, or
lasts divided in many parts, but what is new and novel in our present invention is a
last with an hinged forepart near the ball or tread. These lasts may be made in
wood or iron suitable for combination or rivetted work.
Dated this 23rd day of March 1892
JOHN SHARP.
JOHN WILLIAM SHARP.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lasts for the Manufacture of Boots and Shoes.
JOHN SHARP Pattern Maker and JOHN WILLIAM SHARP Engineer trading
as J. & J. W. Sharp Engineers &c. Alfred Street Kettering in the County of
Northampton do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention has for its object improvements in and appertaining to lasts used
in the manufacture of boots and shoes and relates to improvements in lasts used
and made at the present time.
In the accompanying drawing
Fig. 1, Sheet 1, represents side elevation of an iron last on an adjustable and
universal stand in combination with the said last.
Fig. 2, Sheet 1, shews side elevation of a wood last closed shewing in broken
part of same a jointed post or hinged clip.