IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR CARDING, COMBING, AND SPINNING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS IN GENERAL
Year: 1875

page_text: ETTERS PATENT to Henri Adrien Bonneville, of the British and
Foreign Patent Offices, 18, Rue de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris,
France, and 6, Piccadilly, in the County of Middlesex, Patent
Agent, for the Invention of " IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR CARDING,
COMBING, AND SPINNING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS IN GENERAL.”
-A communication from Celestin Martin, residing at Verviers,
in the Kingdom of Belgium.
Sealed the 19th March 1875, and dated the 1st January 1875.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition
and Declaration, on the 1st January 1875, pursuant to the 9th
Section of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRI
ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices, 18,
Rue de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, France, and 6, Piccadilly, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINES FOR CARDING, COMBING, AND SPINNING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIALS IN GENERAL," communicated to me by Celestin Martin, a person
resident at Verviers, in the Kingdom of Belgium, and have petitioned Her
Majesty to grant unto me, my executors, administrators, and assigns, 5
Her Royal Letters Patent for the same, and made solemn Declaration
that it is a communication.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, do hereby
declare that the following Complete Specification, under my hand
and seal, fully describes and ascertains the nature of the Invention, 1
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, reference
being had to the accompanying Drawings, and to the figures and letters
marked thereon, that is to say :-
The Invention relates to a new and improved apparatus applicable to
all machines for carding, combing, and spinning wool or other raw 1
materials that may be spun.
Fig. I. represents the going out of a card with the nap of wool
detached from the comber A by the hooker B, and passing through an
apparatus for combing and stretching C in order to enter a continue with
bands D, which converts it into roping thread.
The stretching apparatus C is a sort of endless metallic table, the links
of which E, Figs. II. and III., carry toothed blades F fixed upon them.
The links E are joined to each other by the iron threads G, which serve
as chain eyes, for it is by means of them that the teeth of the cog
wheels Hand H entering between them move the metallic table
forward. This table works in the following manner :-)
_The nap of wool
detached from the comber A by the hooker B is conducted by the
cylinder I into the teeth of the endless table C just at that point where it
forms a straight line, that is to say, when the teeth approach each other
the most. Up from this point the nap of wool engaged in the teeth is
stretched out by the effect of the curve made by the toothed table during
its passing on the fixed curve guide K and the cylinder H³, which cause
it to open itself. The degree of the stretching or combing of the nap of
wool is determined by the greater or less height of the toothed blades from
the base of the wool nap up to the extremities of their points, or by the
augmentation or diminution of the diameter H. The said table, instead
of metal, may be made of a leathern sack or muff or any other tissue on..

page_text: which the toothed bands would be fixed, or in which straight or curved
teeth had been directly introduced, the same as card wire for carding
machines.
Under the metallic table C there is placed a reservoir filled with any
3 liquid serving to moisten the raw materials which are to be worked
thereon, and to facilitate in this manner the combing or the parallel
laying of the fibres.
Fig. IV. represents also the going out of a card, but here the nap
of wool is led between the toothed blades of an apparatus called gill,
O used for combing wool, and this just in that moment when the teeth
approach each the most, that is. to say, in the point L. Up from
this point the blades are separated more and more from each other, and
determine in this manner the degree of stretching to be given to the
nap of wool before its entering in the continue with bands M', M",
5 and M¹¹¹.
Fig. V. represents first a long nap of wool N or other raw materials
to be worked on, wound above a cylinder or small drum O, and which
will be unrolled according to need. This nap of wool is conducted
between the cylinders P, steam heated or not, to go from there to the
O combing and stretching apparatus, similar to that described in Fig. I.
At its going out of these apparatus the nap of wool enters the continue
with bands Q, Q, Q¹¹¹
Having thus described the nature of the said improvements, and the
manner of carrying them into effect, what I claim is,―
3 1. The use of apparatus for combing and stretching fibrous materials
at their going out of a carding machine, and before their entering in the
continue with bands which converts them into roping threads.
2. The mode of construction and the working of these apparatus
applied to machines which hitherto only served for carding wool or other
raw materials, having no relation with wool combing.
3. The use of these apparatus independent of any card, and stretching
out a more or less thick nap of wool, which after this operation enters
into the continue with bands to be there converted into roping thread.
4. The use of the same apparatus several times repeated on the same
machine, and their application to all sorts of continues, and chiefly to
those called dividers, which work on a full nap of wool.

page_text: 5. The use of steam heated cylinders, which precede or follow the said
stretching apparatus.
6. The use of reservoirs filled with any liquid, heated or not, for
damping the raw materials on their passage through the combing and
stretching apparatus.
7. The use of one or several brushes in combination with these
apparatus for the purpose of keeping them clean or for damping, the
passing raw materials or the points which cover them by means of the
before-mentioned reservoirs and liquids.
8. The obtaining of a mixt thread, keeping a medium between the
carded and the combed yarn by means of the combination of apparatus.
9. The use of these combing and stretching apparatus on the carding
machines, which enable not only finer counts of yarn to be obtained,
but also a more regular and more solid thread out of very short raw
materials.
10. The use of these apparatus, which several times repeated, produces
a thread approaching to that of the combed yarn, and this by means of
machines which hitherto have only been used for carding wool.
11. The mode of and the apparatus before described for producing a
roping thread which may be employed for feeding spinning machines
used in wool combing.
12. The use of the above described combing and stretching apparatus
on carding machines with double goings out, whose two naps of wool
unite themselves by laying one bed on the other in order to be combed
and stretched, as before said.
13. The use of a striking or beating toothed comber working between
certain organs which are toothed or not, and are applied on the same
machines as the above described apparatus in order to attain the same
result.
14. The use of toothed or toothless cylinders with or without toothed
blades, having the ascensional movement or not, and which interlace
themselves in a continual or intermittent manner, and are applied on
the same machines and under the same conditions as the above
described combing and stretching apparatus in order to attain the same
result.

page_text: 15. The use of all the before-described apparatus, cither for stretching
and combing a nap of wool before its entering in the continue which
converts it into a roping thread for carding wool, or for stretching
this same roping thread immediately after its formation, that is to say,
before its undergoing the operation of the spinning frame.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, have
hereto set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of December,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.