CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1829

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
BROOK, of Meltham Mills, near Huddersfield, in the County of York, Cotton
Spinner, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Fourth day of June, in the tenth year of His reign, did, for
Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Charles
Brook, His special licence that I, the said Charles Brook, my exors, adiñors,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles Brook, my exors, adñiors, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times during the term of years therein expressed; should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES;" in which said Letters
Patent is contained a proviso, obliging me, the said Charles Brook, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and
ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, and to cause the same to be enrolled in His said Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being
thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Charles Brook, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention of
Certain Improvements in Machinery for Spinning Cotton and other Fibrous

page_text: Substances, and the manner in which the same is to be performed and carried
into effect, are described and clearly shewn in the Drawings hereto annexed,
and the following description. In the annexed Drawings the same letters in
the different views and sections represent the same parts throughout, and the
scale to which the several views and sections are drawn is written at the bottom
of the Sheet.
Figure 1 represents a front view of part of an ordinary spinning frame,
called a throstle, with my improvement applied to it. In this view
only part of the machine is shewn, the remainder being similar, and the part
shewn sufficient to explain the action and nature of my Invention. Figuro 2
is a transverse section of the same machine, and Figure 3 a plan of the part
shewn in Figure 1. In these Figures, A represents fast and loose pallies which
are driven by a strap in the ordinary manner; B, C, D, and E are successive
wheels for conveying the motion to the wheel F, which is placed on the front
roller shaft, from which the other rollers receive the differential motion for the
purpose of drawing the roving. In Figure 2, these wheels A, B, C, D, and F,
are shewn at their pitch lines only, and my reason for describing them here or
inserting them in the Drawings is to shew more clearly the exact position or
part of the machine at which I apply my approvement.
Before I proceed to describe the way in which my improvement is effected
I shall state the object and nature of the improvement, which consists in pro-
alucing a much smoother thread or yarn than is produced by the ordinary
process; this I oflect by passing each tread or yarn over a revolving cylinder
during its passage or transit from the front or delivering roller to the flyer
of the bobbin.
These revolving cylinders, over which the respective ends of thread or
yarn are passed, are marked G in the Drawings, and will be seen most
clearly at Figure 3. These cylinders, marked G, are supported on an
horizontal shaft, which receives motion from the front roller shaft by means
of the spur wheels H and I, which geer into each other and carry the
shaft on which the cylinders G are supported in an opposite direction
to the revolution of the front roller, as shown by the arrow in Figure 2.
Beneath the cylinder G is placed a trough K, which contains water, into
which the cylinders are partly inserted, so that by their continuous révolution,
the upper part of their surface, over which the thread or yarn passes in its
passage or transit from the front roller to the flyer of the bobbin, is kept
constantly wet; the consequence of which is, that the motion of the yarn or
thread from the front or dilivering roller to the bobbin being opposite to the
duction of revolution of the cylinders marked G, loose fibres, which otherwise

page_text: would stand off, are incorporated into the thread or yarn, and the twisting
proceeding at the same time unites them into its substance, instead of allowing
them to stand off. On referring to Figure 2, it will be seen that the cylinder
G, over which the thread or yarn passes in its passage from the front or
delivering roller to the flyer of the bobbin, presses the thread or yarn, which
is tinted red, a little out of the straight line, which is required to produce the
effect of incorporating the loose fibres into the thread or yarn, as already
described. This pressure is regulated by set screws, sun at M in the Drawing,
which, being connected with the steps or supports in which the shaft carrying
the G cylinders revolves, enables the operator to adjust the position of the
cylinder Gas required. At the back of the cylinders, marked G, and
immediately beneath the front roller, is placed a revolving shaft, marked L
which also receives motion from the front roller by means of spur wheels, as
seen in the Drawings. This shaft L extends the whole length of the drawing
rollers, and is covered with woollen cloth, for the purpose of taking-up any end
of which
yarn
may break. Thus, supposing any one of the ends of yain or
thread to break between the front roller and the bobbin, the roving which
would continue to be delivered from the front roller would necessarily fall on
the covered shaft L, and, adhering to the woollen surface, be wound or taken
up by its revolution, and thereby be prevented from interfering with any other
part of the machine. This shaft L, and its property of taking up any broken
ends that may occur, I name as a useful application, but do not in any way
claim it as part of my Invention.
Having described my Certain Improvement in Machinery for Spinning
Cotton and other Fibrous Substances, I declare that I do not claim any
of the well-known portions or parts of the machine herein-before described,
such parts having been named to make the description and nature of
my Invention more clear. But I do claim that arrangement of parts
described at the letters G, H, I, K, and M, which consists of a revolving cylinder
or cylinders, introduced between the front or delivering rollers and the cop or
bobbin of a spinning machine, for the purpose of pressing against the thread
or yarn, which, in conjunction with the water received on to its surface from
the trough K below, produces the effect already described. And I further
declare that my improvements may be modified and varied by driving the
cylinders G in an opposite direction, or from other parts of the machine than
that from which I have driven them, as well as by the application of bands
and pullies instead of wheels, for the purpose of revolving the cylinders, all
which well-known modifications and variations, together with the proportions
of the different parts, as well as the material to be used in constructing those

page_text: parts, may be attained with facility by any person of competent skill,. and fit
to be entrusted with the direction and construction of machinery of this and
a like description..
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Brook, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and twenty-nine.