IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND MANUFACTURE OF ROLLERS AND BEAMS FOR LOOMS AND MACHINES, AND IN THE MACHINERY FOR MAKING THE SAME." OTHER PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Reeder, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster,
Tin Plate Worker, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
AND MANUFACTURE OF ROLLERS AND BEAMS FOR LOOMS AND
MACHINES, AND IN THE MACHINERY FOR MAKING THE SAME."
OTHER
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Reeder at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th October 1880.
THOMAS REEDER, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Tin Plate Worker.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND MANUFACTURE OF ROLLERS AND
BEAMS FOR LOOMS AND OTHER MACHINES, AND IN THE MACHINERY FOR MAKING
THE SAME."
My Invention is particularly applicable to taking up rollers and back beams for
looms for weaving, but it may be applied to rollers for other machinery.
The first part of my Invention is particularly beneficial when used for making
rollers of sheet metals.
The object being to produce rollers that are perfectly cylindrical from end to
end, and on the exterior of which any covering or material may be readily
fastened.
In performing my Invention the edges of a plate of sheet metal are first bent
over, and then the sheet is formed into a roller, tube, or cylinder, with the bent edges
locked into each other as usual, or the roller may be otherwise formed. The roller
is then put in a strong cylindrical tube, and a cylindrical die of the required
diameter is drawn or forced through the sheet metal roller, or the die may be
stationary and the roller forced over the die, which action equalises the thickness
of the sheet metal, thereby producing a roller of uniform diameter throughout its
length. I form the strong metal tube by preference in two parts divided
longitudinally.
In some cases more than one die may be used, or the same die may be drawn or
forced through more than once, and as the internal diameter of the strong cylindrical
tube is of the exact external diameter of the finished roller, the thicker parts of the
sheet metal are drawn out or elongated until the metal roller is of uniform thickness
and diameter. When the die has be drawn or forced through the sheet metal

page_text: roller, and before (or after) removing the roller from the strong cylindrical tube, I
fill the sheet metal roller with pieces of wood, sawdust, shavings, straw, turf,
animal, vegetable, mineral, or other substance under pressure or otherwise, thus
making a strong solid roller; or instead of a solid filling I place or form a cored or
hollow lining inside the sheet metal roller, which is of great importance and
beneficial where a rough or fine surfacing is required on the exterior of the roller;
the surfacing can be nailed, screwed, or otherwise fixed on to the roller either
straight, diagonally, or irregularly; when nails or screws are used holes are punched
through the sheet metal through which they pass.
In some cases blocks or strips of wood or other material inside the sheet metal 1
roller may be used instead of the solid filling or cored lining for the purpose as
before described.
The second part of my Invention consists in forming back or yarn beains or
rollers for looms or other machinery of sheet metal filled as above described, being of
great impportance, as it will enable the flange to be removed and secured as required,
with the same facility as upon the old wood beam or roller.
On the ends of the sheet metal roller I fix a piece of strong tube or a long neck to
the flange for the beam or roller to revolve upon and sustain the weigh cord and
chain, or I use the pivot or axle as usual.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thomas Reeder in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 20th April
1881.
THOMAS REEDER, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Tin Plate Worker.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND MANUFACTURE OF ROLLERS AND
BEAMS FOR LOOMS AND OTHER MACHINES, AND IN THE MACHINERY FOR MAKING
THE SAME."
My Invention is particularly applicable to taking up rollers and back beams for
looms for weaving, but it may be applied to rollers for other machinery.
The first part of my Invention is particularly beneficial when used for making
rollers of sheet metals.
The object being to produce rollers that are perfectly cylindrical from end to
end, and on the exterior of which any covering or material may be readily
fastened.
In performing my Invention the edges of a plate of sheet metal are first bent
over, and then the sheet is formed into a roller, tube, or cylinder, with the bent
edges locked into each other as usual, or the roller may be otherwise formed.
The roller is then put in a strong cylindrical tube, and a cylindrical die of the
required diameter is drawn or forced through the sheet metal roller, or the die may
be stationary and the roller forced over the die, which action equalises the thickness
of the sheet metal, thereby producing a roller of uniform diameter throughout its
length.
I form the strong metal tube by preference in two parts divided longitudinally.
In some cases more than one die may be used, or the same die may be drawn
or forced through more than once, and as the internal diameter of the strong
cylindrical tube is of the exact external diameter of the finished roller the thicker
parts of the sheet metal are drawn out or enlongated until the metal roller is of
uniform thickness and diameter.
When the die has been drawn or forced through the sheet metal roller, and before
or after removing the roller from the strong cylindrical tube,
I fill the sheet metal roller with pieces of wood and sawdust, shavings, straw,
turf, animal, vegetable, mineral, or other substance, under pressure or otherwise,
thus making a strong solid roller; or instead of a solid filling I place or form a cored
or hollow lining inside the sheet metal roller, which is of great importance and
beneficial where a rough or fine surfacing is required on the exterior of the roller;
the surfacing can be nailed, screwed, or otherwise fixed on to the roller either
straight, diagonally, or irregularly; when nails or screws are used, holes are punched
through the sheet metal through which they pass.
In some cases blocks or strips of wood or other material inside the sheet metal
roller may be used instead of the solid filling or cored lining for the purpose, as
before described.
The second part of my Invention consists in forming back or yarn beams or
rollers for looms or other machinery of sheet metal filled as above described,
Being of great importance, as it will enable the flange to be removed and secured
as required with the same facility as upon the old wood beam or roller.
On the ends of the sheet metal roller I fix a piece of strong tube or a long neck
to the flange for the beam or roller to revolve upon and sustain the weigh cord and
chain, or I use the pivot or axle as usual.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect, I will describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, reference being had
to the Figures and letters marked thereon.

page_text: Fig. 1 is an elevation, and Fig. 2 is a plan of a machine for making rollers and
beams according to my Invention. a is the main frame, somewhat similar to a
lathe bed; b is the strong cylindrical tube (made by preference of cast iron) formed
in two parts, in which the sheet metal roller is placed; c, c, are two brackets which
slide on rods d, and carry the tube b; these brackets are held together by stays
and bolts; on one of these brackets is a spring guide pin c¹ to guide the slot in the
die under the seam of the sheet metal roller; c², c², are receivers to contain the
material to fill the rollers; e, c¹, are two hollow plungers sliding in brackets f, S
which force and draw the die through the roller. One end of the plunger e is fixed
in a flanged boss g, and the plunger el is fixed in a flanged boss y', and they slide
on rods ; a shaft i with a right hand screw on it extends into the plunger e, and a
shaft with a left hand screw extends into the plunger e'; these screws work in
nuts formed in the bosses g and g¹ to actuate the plungers; on the shafts i and i¹
are fixed spur wheels j and driven by pinions and ¹ on the driving shaft m,
when the driving shaft rotates the plungers approach or recede from each other
simultaneously; the shaft i can slide in its bearings, so that when filling the sheet
metal rollers a given pressure may be brought to bear on the material rammed into
the roller. One end of i bears against a shaft n, in line with it; one end of n
slides through the end of the frame, and the other end is fixed in a sliding plate n¹;
on n, between this plate and the end of the frame, is a strong spiral spring n²;
there is an elbow. lever 2 fitted on a bracket q at the end of the frame; in one arm
of p is a notch to hold the end of a catch r¹ on the shaft r, and in the other arm
of p is an adjustable set screw in line with the shaft n; when the shaft i is forced
against n, and compresses the spring n², the lever p is moved by one end of n
bearing against the set screw, thus releasing the catch r and allowing the weighted
lever to reverse the machine; at one end of the shaft r is a weighted lever r²,
and at the other end of r is fixed a lever ³ connected by a link to the strap
guide 7.
Resting on one of the rods is a curved lever 8 connected to a rod 8¹ which
slides in brackets fixed to the frame «; the rod 8¹ is connected by a lever 82, rod 8³,
and lever 8* to another rod 85 which actuates the weighted lever ²; y is a lever,
which when the plunger e and flanged boss g move forward is caused by the
catch gong to move the rod s¹ until the weighted lever is moved into position
ready to reverse the machine when the catch is released; t and t¹ are the fast
pulleys, and t2 and 3 are the loose pulleys.
When the strap is on the pulley t the plungers advance, and the catch ¹is
retained by the notch in the lever p.
Fig. 3 is a view partly in section of the die u for making the roller cylindrical;
the die is placed in the end of the roller, and the guide più c¹ enters the slot u',
and guides the slot under the sean of the roller.
Fig. 4 is a view of a catch for drawing the die through the roller; the catch is
formed of a shank v, one end of which is turned down to retain the spring catches vl
fixed to the sliding collar v³; one end of the shank vis pushed into the end of the
plunger e', and turned partly round, and is held there by the gib v³.
The mode of operation is as follows :-
The cylinder is opened, and a sheet metal roller is placed in it; the cylinder b
is then bolted together by bolts passed through the flanges or otherwise; the die
is placed in the end of the sheet metal roller near the plunger e; the machine is
then set in motion, and the plunger e forces the die u half way through the roller
in the cylinder b; the plunger e¹ has then advanced half way, and the end of the
shank venters the end of the die, the spring catelies being pushed back till they
rest against the thinnest part of the shank v, when they enter the die u and spring
outwards, and the collar pressing against the die u forces the plungere and the
screwed shaft i back until the end of the shaft i presses back the spring n² and the
shaft n, and releases the catch; when the weighted lever reverses the machine,
the plunger e' by the spring catches v held in the position shown on Fig. 4 draws
the die u through the remaining half of the roller, thus making it cylindrical; the

page_text: Hange near the end of its backward movement bears against the levers and
moves the rod 8' till the lever is brought into the position shown on Fig. 1; a
retaining catch is inserted into the strap guide to keep the straps on the loose
pulleys till the machine is ready for the next operation. I fix a ratchet wheel b¹
on the cylinder b, by which it is caused to rotate when desired.
If the roller is to be filled the die and the spring catch are removed and a solid
piece is fitted in the end of e¹ (the end of the plunger c is solid), the receiver c² are
supplied with suitable material, and the machine is set in motion; the plungers
force the filling material into the roller, and when they have advanced far enough
to give the desired pressure, which is regulated by the strength of the spring n³
and the adjustable set screw on the elbow lever p, the machine is reversed and the
plungers move backward as before described.
When the flange g bears against the lever s the machine is reversed, and the
plungers are again caused to move forward and force fresh material into the roller;
these operations are repeated automatically until the roller is filled.
When desirable I place a shaft through the centre to form the axis of the roller,
in which case I make the screws i and and the ends of the plungers e and e¹
hollow to receive the shaft round which the filling material is ramined.
Having stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner of performing
the same, I would have it understood that I do not limit myself to the details
described and delineated, as they may be varied or modified, and what I claim
is,―
1. Making a cylindrical sheet metal roller by forcing a die through the roller
when it is held in a cylindrical tube, substantially as shown and described.
2. Filling a sheet metal roller to ronder it solid, as and for the purpose shown
and described.
3. The machinery shown and described for finishing and filling sheet metal
rollers.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Reeder, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Eighteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sighty one
THOMAS REEDER. (L.S.)