matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHINA AND EARTHENWARE PLUG WASH-HAND BASINS
Year: 1856

page_text: PROVISIONAL. SPECIFICATION - left by Jesse Bridgwood at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th April
1856. A communication.
I, JESSE BRIDGWOOD, of Burslem, in the County of Stafford, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF CHINA AND EARTHENWARE PLUG WASH-HAND BASINS," to
be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object an improvement in the manufacture of
plug wash-hand basins. Heretofore in the manufacture of such basins a hole
has been made at the bottom of each basin, suitable for receiving a metal
socket or hole, which metal socket has been cemented or fixed to the bottom
of the basin, and a metal plug has been fitted thereto. Now, the improvement
consists in forming the hole at the bottom of a china or earthenware wash-
hand basin to receive the plug without any metal socket, and in forming the
plug of china, earthenware, or glass, and fitting such plug by grinding it in the
hole at the bottom of the basin.
MAKING ATMOSPHERICAL OBSERVATIONS
Year: 1856

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Constantin Michel and Isidore
Antoine Maret at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 17th November 1856.
We, CONSTANTIN MICHEL, of Lyons, France, and ISIDORE ANTOINE MARET,
of Paris, France, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"MAKING ATMOSPHERICAL OBSERVATIONS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of balloons of all forms, dimentions, and colors,
made of india-rubber and filled with hydrogen gas, and coated with a varnish
of one pound (avoirdupois) of isinglass in one pint of water; secondly, gum
varnish and carmine, to which is added alkali. The whole of these ingredients
are mixed together and applied with a brush. The balloons are destined to
serve as a placing for children and to make atmospheric experiments, &c.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR ROLLING METAL
Year: 1856

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Conrad Meyer at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th February
1856.
I, JOHN CONRAD MEYER, of Paris, in the Empire of France, Civil Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR ROLLING METAL, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in so arranging and constructing rollers that round
articles, having shoulders or other inequalities, may be rolled. In performing
my Invention, I place two rollers close to each other, revolving in fixed bear-
ings on the same plane, and to have a third roller mounted in adjustable.
bearings. The circumferences of these rollers have grooves or recesses
corresponding to the shoulders or other inequalities on the articles to be
rolled. When a piece of heated iron or other metal, is introduced between.
the three rollers, which are made to revolve by suitable gearing, the top roller
is pressed down until the article between the rollers assumes the shape and
diameter required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FELTED CLOTH
Year: 1856

page_text: LILO
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Paul Rapsey Hodge at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
November 1856.
I, PAUL RAPSEY HODGE, of No. 4, Albion Grove, Barnsbury Park, in the
Parish of Islington, and County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
FELTED CLOTH," to be as follows:-
In manufacturing felted cloth I use a weft bat or sliver, applied in manner
as herein-after mentioned.
When I use a weft bat I make it of a few slivers thick, and having cut it
and received it on a roller I bring such bat to the open space between the
last doffer of the card and the travelling apron, and I place it on a frame
above the said space and cause the bat so to travel from side to side and be
cut with shears as to make a series of slabs of felt to lay exactly parellel, close
to each other, and be in the centre of the warp or longitudinal bat. I also by
machinery cause a narrow sliver to travel across this open space from side to
side and cut the same into slabs and cause them to lay parellel to each other
and alternately over each progressive longitudinal sliver. I thus incorporate
a weft bat or sliver with the cloth being manufactured, and give the same a
like strength or tension weftways as warpways.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MOULDING
Year: 1856

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Elce and Samuel Hartley at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
18th December 1856.
We, JOHN ELCE, of the City of Manchester, Machinist, and SAMUEL
HARTLEY, of the same Place, Brass Moulder, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MOULDING," to be as
follows:-
The object of our Invention is to supersede or economise manual labour in
preparing the moulds for casting iron or other metal. It has hitherto been
customary to raise the upper box off the lower box by hand; this mode is very
expensive owing to the number of hands required in large boxes.
Our Invention consists in the application of cams on excentrics connected
together and acting simultaneously on the upper box, whereby it is gradually
raised until the mould is free from the pattern, and the steadying pins from the
holes in which they fit; the upper box when thus raised may be removed by a
crane or otherwise. Although we consider cams or excentrics the most suitable
instruments to be used for this purpose, we do not limit ourselves thereto, as
levers, cranks, screws, wedges, racks and pinions, or other agents may be sub-
stituted in their stead, or combined therewith; the object of our Invention
being to raise the upper from the lower box by mechanical leverage.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SIGNALLING, AND FOR SAVING LIFE AND PROPERTY AT SEA, PART OF WHICH IS APPLICABLE TO SIGNALLING ON LAND
Year: 1856

page_text: WOL
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Sands at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th June
1856.
I, ALEXANDER SANDS, of the City of Manchester, Ironfounder, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
SIGNALLING, AND FOR SAVING LIFE AND PROPERTY AT SEA, PART OF WHICH IS
APPLICABLE TO SIGNALLING ON LAND," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists, first, in the application of illuminated letters or
words for signalling between vessels at night. This part of my Invention is
also applicable to communicating signals or intelligence on land. The letters
or words are punched in metal or other plates, which are placed so as to be
illuminated by lights.
And, secondly, in constructing floats, which may be lowered or thrown from
vessels when necessary to communicate signals, or, to act as preservers of life,
mails, and valuable property. This float is made of any suitable water and air
proof material, and to it is attached a flag or other signal, that is kept above
water by a weight secured to the float at the opposite side to the flag or signal;
also in the use of printed forms to be inserted in such floats. The printed
forms may be filled up on leaving a port with the name of the vessel, destination,
owners, and any other information that may be required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MUSIC STANDS FOR THE USE OF MILITARY AND OTHER BANDS
Year: 1856

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Boosey at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th May
1856.
I, CHARLES BOOSEY, of 24, Holles Street, Cavendish Square, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MUSIC STANDS FOR
THE USE OF MILITARY AND OTHER BANDS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in arranging music stands for the use of military
and other bands in the following manner -For this purpose a central pole is
used, to the upper end of which a series of rods are hinged or jointed, to which
rods are again hinged or jointed other rods, which last are attached at their
further ends to a ring which slides on the central pole; thus a frame is made
similar to the frame of an umbrella, but much larger. The rods which are
hinged or jointed at one end to the pole are connected together at their lower
ends by a band of fabric or other material passing from one to the other.
When the stand is required for use, the pole is set upright in the ground, the
frame is expanded as an umbrella is opened, and the band of fabric or other
material forms a circular disc for holding the music.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GLOVE FASTENINGS
Year: 1856

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Carrick Bowser at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th April 1856.
I, JOHN CARRICK BOWSER, of Queens Terrace, St. John's Wood, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN GLOVE FASTENINGS, to be as follows:-
My improvements in glove fastenings consists in securing a piece of elastic
webbing or cord to one side of the opening at the wrist, or that part of the
glove to be fastened, to which elastic is appended a small tassel with an
enlargement of some hard substance adapted to hold in a metal or other socket
piece affixed to the other part of the glove to be secured, & similar to the
fastening used in securing the covering of an umbrella when collapsed. By
this means gloves can be readily secured on the wrist by pulling out the
elastic by the thumb & finger of the other hand applied to the tassel, &
allowing the stop knot or enlargement on the elastic to slip into the socket for
its reception on the other side. A rigid cord may be substituted for the
elastic.
Instead of the precise kind of socket piece before mentioned, substitutes may
be adopted that afford facilities for similarly attaching the free end of the
elastic, as, for instance, the ordinary spring pocket-book clasp.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LADIES' SKIRTS OR PETTICOATS, AND DRESS IMPROVERS OR BUSTLES
Year: 1856

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th July 1856.-A communication.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LADIES' SKIRTS OR PETTICOATS, AND DRESS IMPROVERS OR
BUSTLES," (communicated to me by Madame Vernier, a foreigner residing
abroad,) to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in improvements in the construction of petticoats,
and dress improvers or bustles, whereby an elegant and graceful appearance
is imparted to a lady's dress.
I form at the top of the petticoat and at the back part thereof a light
flexible framework or "shape," consisting of a number of strips of thin steel,
whalebone, or other similar springy material, bent or curved gracefully out-
wards, and attached at top to a band made to hook round the waist, and at
bottom to a narrow curved plate or band, the ends of which are not united,
but extend towards the front, round about two-thirds of the body. The plate
is formed of whalebone, thin steel, or other suitable material. The strips are
held between the band and plate, and spring from them to form at back a
graceful curve imparting an elegant "tournure" or convexity to the form of

page_text: There are also supporting springs extending round about two-
thirds of the body, which throw back the fullness or "tournure" and prevent
any fulness in front. This framework or shape may be covered with gauze,
muslin, or other material, or may be left uncovered. I call this framework a
couronne tournure," or bustle, which may be worn as such only, or may serve
as a support for the skirt or stiff petticoat, which is composed of a number of
hoops of thin steel, whalebone, or other yielding material. These hoops increase
in diameter, and are placed nearer to each other in proportion as they approach
the bottom of the petticoat; they are held together by longitudinal flexible
ribbons, which are attached at top to the lower plate or band of the "couronne
tournure," and reach to the bottom hoop, thus forming with the hoops a
number of four-sided figures; I cover the hoops and ribbons-with--muslin-or
other light fabric. A petticoat of this description may be easily folded up, the
hoops folding down and lying one within the other and all within the bottom
hoop, and the "couronne" being flexible, the whole may be packed in a flat
box.
AN ARMED GLOVE OB COVERING FOR THE THUMB AND FINGERS
Year: 1856

page_text: This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frank James Wilson Packman and
Charles Frederick Pike at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 12th November 1856.
We, FRANK JAMES WILSON PACKMAN, of Puckeridge, in the County of
Herts, Doctor of Medicine, and CHARLES FREDERICK PIKE, of Oxford Street,
in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN ARMED GLOVE OB COVERING FOR THE THUMB AND FINGERS,"
to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in affixing in or to the thumb and fingers of gloves,
gauntlets, and other coverings for the hand or fingers, all or any of them,
pointed steel blades, hooks, or claws, solid or hollow.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE PASSAGE OF WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1856

page_text: This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Savory and Henry Arkell
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
19th February 1856.
We, WILLIAM SAVORY, of Gloucester, Engineer, and HENRY ARKELL, of the
same place, Builder, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE PASSAGE OF WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for the passage
of water and other fluids. For this purpose, the tubular passage through
which the water or other fluid is to flow is made with an enlargement or
chamber to receive an internal valve, one end of the spindle of which passes
through a stuffing box, formed on a cover of such chamber. The valve is
faced with vulcanized india-rubber, which rests on a projecting ring or seat,
formed at the inner end of the tubular outlet. The inner end of the spindle
turns in a recess on the interior, and the cover is fixed by screws. The valve
opens against the flow of the water or fluid, and is therefore pressed on at the
back when closed by the fluid.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN FURNACES USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ALKALI
Year: 1856

page_text: wen
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Ward at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd April 1856.
I, PETER WARD, of the Patent Alkali Works, St. Helens, Lancashire, do
hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN FURNACES
USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ALKALI," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object an improvement in furnaces used in the
manufacture of alkali. For this purpose the reverberatory furnaces and the
furnaces of the salting down pans employed are each made with a chamber or
space open at top between the end or bridge of the fire-place and the bridge
at the entrance of the reverberatory part of the furnace or pan. This
chamber or space is intended to trap or catch the dust, sparks, and matters
passing from the fire.
AN INTERNAL BOILER CLEANER OR MUD STIRRER, FOR THE EFFECTUAL CLEANING OF STEAM BOILERS FROM MUDDY DEPOSITS AND ALL KINDS OF SEDIMENTS
Year: 1856

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Theophilus Burton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th February
1856.
I, THEOPHILUS BURTON, of the City of Lincoln, Engineer and Agricultural
Implement Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN INTERNAL BOILER CLEANER OR MUD STIRRER, FOR THE EFFECTUAL CLEANING
OF STEAM BOILERS FROM MUDDY DEPOSITS AND ALL KINDS OF SEDIMENTS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to the employment of a stirrer or agitator, for stirring
up the sediments or deposits in steam boilers of all kinds, whereby such sedi-
ments or deposits, when so agitated, may be run off through the mud-cock
with facility.
The improvement consists in fixing a stuffing box at or near the bottom of
steam boilers, through which stuffing box is passed a sliding rod, on which is
fixed a plate or piece of metal of larger diameter than that of the rod, so that
when the latter is moved by a handle outside the boiler, it will form a stirrer or
agitator, by which means the sediment is mixed with the water, and drawn out
by means of a mud or blow-off cock, or any other similar outlet.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1856

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Antoine Jean Baptiste Lespinasse
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 24th September 1856.
I, ANTOINE JEAN BAPTISTE LESPINASSE, of Toulouse, in the Empire of
France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved hydraulic apparatus for obtaining
motive power.
This apparatus consists of a reservoir of water or other fluid fitted with a
syphon, the longer limb of which passes down to a water-wheel, and is so
constructed as to be capable of directing a stream of water on to either side
of the wheel, according to the direction of rotation required. The axis of this
wheel works a set of pumps for raising the water which has acted upon the
wheel, and returning it to the reservoir to be again supplied to the wheel
through the syphon. The power may be transmitted from the axis of the
water-wheel to a driving shaft in any convenient manner.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF ADVERTISING
Year: 1856

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Eugène Servolles at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
December 1856.
I, EUGÈNE SERVOLLES, of 39, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, in the Empiro of.
France, and of No. 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF ADVERTISING," to be
as follows, that is to say :-
My Invention consists in employing the paper used for envelopping and
enclosing grocery, confectionary, haberdashery, and other articles as a medium
of distributing advertisements.
The paper may be of any dimensions and color, and being printed with tho
desired advertisements, is made up into the required forms, so as to exhibit the
advertisements.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING IRON 80 AS TO RENDER IT IMPERVIOUS TO CONTINUOUS OXIDATION
Year: 1856

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Archibald Reid at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th November
1856.
I, ARCHIBALD REID, of Sidmouth Street, Regent Square, County of Middle-
sex, Mineralogist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING IRON 80 AS TO RENDER IT IMPERVIOUS TO CONTINUOUS
OXIDATION," to be as follows:-
I place the iron to be operated upon in a properly constructed furnace, and
completely cover its surface with soot, or other matters composed of the
same elements and having similar properties; the temperature is then raised
to a red or white heat, and continued for fifteen or thirty minutes, or longer,
according to the mass of iron to be operated upon; I then remove it from the
furnace and allow it to cool; the surface is then thoroughly cleaned, and
is found covered with a coating which is impervious to rust under ordinary
circumstances.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE, MEANS, OR APPARATUS FOR PRINTING OR TRANSFERRING DESIGNS OR LETTERS ON TO GLASS
Year: 1856

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Smale at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th September
1856.
I, JAMES SMALE, of Gibralter Row, Southwark, in the County of Surry,
Printer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MODE, MEANS, OR APPARATUS FOR PRINTING OR TRANSFERRING DESIGNS
OR LETTERS ON TO GLASS," to be as follows:-
I propose, after setting up the type (in transferring letters) to prepare the
job in the usual manner, and then to print off on to a glazed, oiled, or other-
wise prepared paper; this, on withdrawal from the press, I reverse, and place
upon a glass, pressing or rolling the same until the colors are transferred;
when this part of the process is completed, I propose to add powder of any
color to give the letters or design the appearance of body. I propose to fill up
the blanks (when it is desirable so to do) with color, metal, or any appropriate
material. A coat of varnish may then be given to the whole back of the job.
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF STEREOSCOPE
Year: 1856

page_text: This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Sutton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th August
1856.
I, EDWIN SUTTON, of 204, Regent St., in the County Middlesex, Optician,
& Photographic Artist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF STEREOSCOPE," to be as follows:-
My Invention of an "Improved Construction of Stereoscope," has for its
object, firstly, the constructing and so combining the various parts of which
the stereoscope is commonly composed, that it may be easily compressed into
a small case, & thereby rendered more conveniently portable than the usual
rigid form stereoscope.
Secondly, it is made to possess all the advantages of the most improved rigid
stereoscope by the construction & application of entirely newly formed hinges
& spring. These hinges I fix to the bottom of the folding ends that support
the top that carries the lenses or eye pieces. The centre pivots or axles of the
hinges I make so as to work in holes in the the sides of the case, into which
the instrument is compressed; upon these axles I fix a piece of metal with
angular edges. I also attach to the inside of the case a flat steel spring, made
in such a manner as to be always kept in tension by the angular edges of one
hinge at each end, and as the flat edge of the spring presses against the
hinges, it will always have a tendency to find a flat baring, & consequently
will firmly keep the parts of the instrument in position when in use & at rest.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SECURING RAILS IN RAILWAY CHAIRS, AND IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF RAILWAY CHAIRS
Year: 1856

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Sands at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th March
1856.
I, ALEXANDER SANDS, of the City of Manchester, Ironfounder, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN SECURING RAILS
IN RAILWAY CHAIRS, AND IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF RAILWAY CHAIRS, to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists in the application of steady pins fixed into or pro-
jecting from railway chairs, and taking into holes or slots in the rails, for the
purpose of preventing the longitudinal and upward motion of the rails. These
steady pins may be cast on the chairs, or introduced into holes cast in the
chairs, or made of wrought-iron and laid in the mould, so as to be secured by
the metal of the chair.
My Invention also consists in the construction of such railway chairs as are
put together in two parts; one part of the chair is furnished with a T-headed
or other suitably shaped projection on which the other part fits, the two parts
being connected together by a vertical key, the action of which causes the two
parts of the chair to bind against and secure the rail; the holes or slots for the
keys, and steady pins, and the sides of the loose jaw are cored out in casting
on chills or mandrils.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN COCKS OR VALVES FOR REGULATING THE FLOW AND PRESSURE OF STEAM, WATER, OR OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1856

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Routledge at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th January
1856.
I, WILLIAM ROUTLEDGE, of Salford, in the County Palatine of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of tho said Invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN COCKS OR VALVES FOR REGULATING THE FLOW AND PRESSURE OF STEAM,
WATER, OR OTHER FLUIDS, to be as follows:-
My said Invention consists of a peculiar construction of valve connected
with a lever, which communicates its action to the valve by means of two
pinion wheels, one on the axis of each. The lever has a sliding weight on one
end, between which and its axis is bolted a piston rod, its piston regulated by a
spiral spring enclosed in a barrel, closed at bottom, in which both work. The
opposite end of the lever is bolted to a piston rod, its lower end connected with
a piston, and its upper end elongated for receiving perforated or other weights.
By these arrangements I obtain an equilibruim valve, the object of which is to
reduce high-pressure steam to any lower pressure required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR POINTING AND TURNING BOLT HEADS, FACING NUTS, CENTREING, DRILLING, AND SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1856

page_text: This Invention received
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Peak at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th January
1856.
I, JOSEPH PEAK, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,.
Smith and Screw Bolt Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR POINTING AND TURNING
BOLT HEADS, FACING NUTS, CENTREING, DRILLING, AND SIMILAR PURPOSES," to be as
follows:-
My Invention relates to an improved arrangement and construction of a
machine generally adapted to the manufacture of bolts and nuts, or similar
articles, by which I am enabled to point and turn them with more speed than
on the usual plans. The nature of my improvements will be clearly under-
stood by reference to the accompanying two outline Drawings, in which a
represents the work to be operated upon, held fast by the chaps or vice b, con-
nected to slides c, fitting truly the cylinders d, and actuated by right and left
handed screws made fast to the wheels e. The tool or cutter is seen at f,
which is brought up to the work by means of the wheel g, the screw h, and
clutch i, the latter being furnished with the friction rollers k. The cutter and
shaft is turned by the gearing 1, acted upon by the pullies m.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MEASURING WATER OR OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1856

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Griffith Rule at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th January
1856.
I, HENRY GRIFFITH RULE, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MEASURING WATER OR OTHER
FLUIDS," to be as follows:-
My improved water meter consists of a cylinder, which may be made of
cast iron, or other metal or material, in which is placed a wheel having four
or more arms, vanes, or divisions, forming compartments or chambers. The
water enters the cylinder by an inlet pipe, flowing into one of the compart-
ments formed by the wheel arms, impinging upon the arm or vane, and forcing
the wheel round; the water is discharged from the cylinder at an outlet pipe
placed opposite to the inlet pipe. The spindle or axis of the internal wheel
passing entirely through the cylinder has any suitable ordinary counting and
indicating apparatus placed on either of its outer ends. The water may enter
the meter at any point, and be discharged at any point, and the cylinder may
either be circular or oval, and may stand either perpendicularly or horizontally.
The internal measuring wheel may have any number of arms or vancs, and
which may be either straight or curved, and may be packed so as to be made
watertight, if required, or it may also be constructed with buckets, similar to
a "turbine," or a "water wheel."
IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEGRAPHING AND COMMUNICATING ON RAILWAY TRAINS
Year: 1856

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Worthington at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st December
1856.
I, JOSEPH WORTHINGTON, of Manchester, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEGRAPHING AND COMMUNICATING ON
RAILWAY TRAINS," to be as follows:-
My Invention of improvements in telegraphing from the guard to the
engino driver, or from the driver to the guard on railway trains, consists in
fitting to any convenient part of the engine or carriages a series of tubes made
to slide readily one within the other. At one end of the tube is fitted a lamp,
and at the opposite end on the engine is placed a looking glass. When the
attention of the engine driver or guard is to be called, the lamp is placed at
one end of the tube and the light reflected in the glass, or a bell may be rung,
and the tube used for speaking, to convey verbal communications from the
guard to the driver, or vice versa.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PADDLE WHEELS FOR PROPELLING VESSELS IN WATER
Year: 1856

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Philp at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th March 1856.
I, RICHARD PHILP, of Suffolk Parade, Cheltenham, in the County of
Gloucestershire, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN PADDLE WHEELS FOR PROPELLING VESSELS IN
WATER, to be as follows:-
My improvements in paddle wheels for propelling vessels in water refer to
the form of the paddle boards or floats, which I so construct as to shew a float
whose greatest linear horizontal dimensions (measured at right angles to the
side of the ship) shall not terminate in two parallel lines, as heretofore in use,
but in two points, which points shall be situated at a distance from the lowest
or highest extremity of the greatest linear vertical dimension of the float when
under water (measured parallel to the ship's side), of about one-fourth to one-
half of such vertical dimension, about one-fourth from the lowest extremity
when under water, being most desirable as giving more leverage (the outer
horizontal dimension from the ship may be a little lower in the water than the
inner one), and each of the extremities of the longest horizontal dimensions
shall be connected with each of the extremities of the longest vertical dimen-
sion by one or more oblique or curved lines, the object being the prevention of
concussion and water-lift on the float on its entering and leaving the water.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FULMINATING POWDER
Year: 1856

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Johnson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th October
1856. A communication.
I, WILLIAM JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middle-
sex, and of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of Glasgow, North Britain, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FULMINATING POWDER," a communication from
Jean Delavo, of Paris, in the Empire of France, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the production of a new economical fulminating
powder suitable for the primings of fire-arms of all descriptions, or as a sub-
stitute for ordinary gunpowder, to be used either as a charge for fire-arms, or
for blasting operations, and, in short, in all cases where known fulminating
powders are used.
The improvement consists in in the employment of amorphous phosphorus
mixed in suitable proportions either with salt of lead, baryta, strontium, soda,
potass, tin, or zinc. The proportions may be varied more or less, but the
following I have found to answer perfectly:-amorphous phosphorus, 83 parts;
nitrate of lead (for example) 917.
The several salts herein-before referred to mixed with the fulminates of
gold, silver, mercury, and other known fulminates will also afford a good result.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILS AND RAILWAYS
Year: 1856

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Daniel Spink at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st May 1856.
I, DANIEL SPINK, of Bridgwater, in the County of Somersetshire, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
RAILS AND RAILWAYS, to be as follows:-
My said improvements consist, first, in a new form of rail for railways,
which may be of the usual section, transversely, employed on narrow guage
lines, with the difference of having flanges formed on each side, and rolled out
of the rail itself; these flanges or supports are placed at right angles to the
neck of the rail, and equidistant from the upper and lower faces thereof: and,
second, in laying the rails, which are to be sunk into the ground or ballast,
half way as far as the said side flanges, and either angle iron or bar iron may
be used as braces, to keep the line to its proper width or guage. Timbers
and chairs may thus be dispensed with, and when one face or bearing of the
rails is worn, they may be reversed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OR REFINING OP SALTPETRE
Year: 1856

page_text: vy the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Macallum at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th October
1856.
I, JOHN MACALLUM, of the Kames Gunpowder Mills, in the County of
Argyle, North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OR REFINING OP SALTPETRE," to be as
follows, that is to say:―
This Invention relates to the treatment of crude nitre or the saltpetre of
commerce in such manner as to prepare and refine it for use in a superior
manner, and with greater rapidity than has hitherto been the case. The crude
saltpetre is first of all deposited in a chamber containing water, and the salt-
petre and water are then agitated mechanically, either by agitating machinery
or by the introduction of jets of air.
When the cleansing process is completed, or is in its later stages after the
boiling of the mass, the necessary cooling for the deposition of crystals is
effected by bringing masses or currents of cold water into contact with the hot
liquor. This cooling treatment hastens the process of manufacture very
materially.
When the crystals are to be dried for use they are removed and laid upon
a plate or table heated by steam or hot-air pipes, and this drying completes the
article for packing and use.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SOWING SEED AND FOR DISTRIBUTING MANURE
Year: 1856

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Field and Edward Jeffreys
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
9th June 1856.
We, WILLIAM FIELD and EDWARD JEFFREYS, both of Shrewsbury, in the
County of Salop, Gentlemen, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SOWING SEED AND FOR DISTRIBUTING
MANURE," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to prevent the choking of the spouts of seed
and manure drills, and to ensure an equable discharge of seed or manure from
the hoppers. For this purpose we provide a fan or fans, which are driven
rapidly by suitable mechanism as the drill is moved across the field, and thus
a blast of air is created, which forces forward the seed or manure as it drops
from the cup rollers of the hoppers, and thereby effects its instant discharge
from the spouts. By this means all tendency of the seed or manure to
accumulate in the spouts is prevented. When sowing or manuring broadcast,
we provide an exit passage or shute with a mouth extending the width of the
machine..
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1856

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles François Jules Fonrobert
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th November 1856.-Partly a communication.
I, CHARLES FRANÇOIS JULES FONROBERT, of Berlin, in the Kingdom of
Prussia, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOOTS AND SHOES," to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in covering the soles of boots and shoes with a com-
position of gutta percha and tar. I take about two parts by weight of gutta
percha and one part of coal tar, and I mix them together with the assistance
of heat. This composition is fluid while hot, but becomes solid on cooling. It
is applied in a plastic or liquid state to the soles of the boots and shoes, which
may be previously roughened. It may also be applied along the scams to
render them waterproof. When the sole is worn out, it may be again renewed
by applying a fresh portion of composition.
AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SIZING, DRESSING, FINISHING, AND POLISHING YARNS OR THREADS
Year: 1856

page_text: This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Robinson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th October 1856.
I, RICHARD ROBINSON, of Eccles, New Road, Pendlebury, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SIZING,
DRESSING, FINISHING, AND POLISHING YARNS OR THREADS," to be as follows:-
It consists in the application of a revolving fan, the circumference of which
is furnished with a number of bars of wood or metal; these bars are either
plain or grooved, as circumstances may require, or are covered with a woven
fabric, using by preference one that is of a piled or tufted description. The
whole is covered with a case, except at one part where the bars are brought
into contact with the yarn during the process of finishing. The yarn, being
first sized, stiffened, or dressed in the usual manner, is placed in the machine,
and being stretched and put in motion it is brought into contact with the
outside surfaces of the bars. The fan being made to revolve rapidly, friction
is produced on the yarn, and at the same time a stream or blast of air from
the fan is directed upon it, the process of finishing, polishing, and drying the
yarn thus goes on simultaneously. I do not confine myself to the use of a
single fan, as two or more may be used in the same machine, as may be
required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
Year: 1856

page_text: This invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.).
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Gedge at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st February
1856. A communication.
I, JOHN GEDGE, of No. 4, Wellington Street South, Strand, in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS," communicated to me by Jullien Desage, of
Rheims, France, to be as follows:-
I propose to construct an apparatus employing one or more shuttles in a
loom of ten repetitions. On a framing, perpendicular crotchet needles will be
fixed, forming a taper or lessening square the whole length of the apparatus,
so set as not to catch the chain. On this the shuttles used slide in forming
the warp, partly under and behind this will run another toothed framing to
form the weft. These teeth or needles will have a double duty to perform,
they drive the shuttles from right to left, and vice versa, and also serve as
stops at each repetition of each shuttle. Two pullies, fixed in the framing,
slide in two slots formed therein accelerate and lighten its motion. Cramps
of iron will be fixed on each end of the batten as supports. Pullies corre-
sponding with springs will allow the passage of the shuttles at the proper
intervals. The cords which are attached to the springs are united near the

page_text: the movement of the apparatus the catches are withdrawn, the cords of the
pullies cause the springs to lengthen, the carriage descends to the point of
passage of the shuttles, and by the use of a lever the whole is restored to its
original position.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM HAMMERS AND MACHINERY FOR FORGING IRON AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1856

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Sharp and William Elder
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
24th November 1856.
We, GEORGE SHARP, of Jarrow, in the County of Durham, Millwright, and
WILLIAM ELDER, of the same Place, Engine Smith, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM HAMMERS AND
MACHINERY FOR FORGING IRON AND OTHER SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention cosists of improvements upon the ordinary helve or tilt
hammer, in the combination and arrangement of its several parts, and in the
application of a steam cylinder direct to the helve of the hammer; and by our
arrangement of the valve motion we render the whole self-acting: These
improvements will be well understood by referring to the accompanying
Drawing, in which A represents a sectional plan, and B a side clevation, of the
ordinary helve or tilt hammer, on which our improvements are also shewn.
The same letters of reference being used to represent similar parts in both
views. a represents the hammer; b, b, the standard, in which the axis c, c, of
the hammer works, which may be raised or lowered by the worm wheel and
connecting rods d, d, d; e is the anvil block; f the steam cylinder, which works
the hammer; g the piston rod, connected to the helve of the hammer; h, h, h,
the valve motion. The advantages of our hammer consist in its simplicity,
and the workmen being enabled to forge either flat or wedge-like forms by
adjusting the axis of the helve, in the manner described, to any desired angle
from the level line of the anvil block.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLASS, ENAMELS, AND OTHER VITRIFIED SUBSTANCES
Year: 1856

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Medlock at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st May
1856.
I, HENRY MEDLOCK, of No. 20, Great Marlborough Street, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLASS, ENAMELS, AND OTHER VITRIFIED SUBSTANCES,"
to be as follows:-
I use clay containing from two to ten per cent. of potash or soda, and fuse
this with such a proportion of sand and lime, or carbonate lime, as will nearly
produce, with the constituents of the clay, definite chemical compounds known
as double silicates. The particular clay I prefer to use, and which I find
admirably adapted for the purpose, is some found in the neighbourhood of
Limeric, in Ireland, and which contains from two to seven per cent. of potash
and soda. For the purpose of reducing the iron which may be contained in
the materials to the lowest oxide, and so improving the colour of the glass, I
substitute for the lime, or ordinary carbonate of lime, black marble, the black
colour of which is produced by carbon.
My Invention is applicable to the manafacture of enamels and other vitrified
substances, as well as glass, metallic oxides or ores being added to the before-
mentioned materials to produce the requisite colour and opacity.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN RIPLING THE BARRELS OF FIRE-ARMS AND ORDNANCE
Year: 1856

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Constable Simons at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
July 1856.
I, FRANCIS CONSTABLE SIMONS, of Kensington, in the County of Middlesex,
Lieutenant in the Bengal Artillery, do hereby declare the nature of tho
Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN RIPLING THE BARRELS OF FIRE-ARMS AND
ORDNANCE," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object an improvement in rifling the barrels of
fire-arms and ordnance. For this purpose, in cutting the rifle grooves in the
barrels of fire-arms and ordnance, the two sides of a groove are made tangents
to the circle of the bore, and the sides of a groove are connected by a straight
or curved line.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSUMPTION OF SMOKE
Year: 1856

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Flockton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th October
1856.
I, THOMAS FLOCKTON, of 4, Trafalgar Square (Office for Patents), Charing
Cross, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSUMPTION OF SMOKE," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in the use or employment of hollow fire bars or
pipes, made of wrought or cast iron or other suitable material, and of any
convenient shape or form. The smoke and gasses from the green coal is
made to pass into and through the heated fire bars or pipes and from thence
into the flue or flues; or the smoke and gasses may be caused to pass direct
into the flue or flues and return into and through the heated fire bars or
pipes, and by these means, and in that manner, is more effectually consumed
than heretofore.
Another mode is to cause the smoke and gasses from a furnace or any
number of furnaces to pass into and through a heated pipe or pipes, and by
these means, and in that manner, is more effectually consumed than heretofore,
the aforesaid pipe or pipes being placed in any convenient situation for that
purpose.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE ARRANGEMENTS FOR OR WORKING OF ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS
Year: 1856

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Statham and Edward
Orange Wildman Whitehouse at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 21st July 1856.
We, SAMUEL STATHAM, of Islington, in the County of Middlesex, Gentle-
man, and EDWARD ORANGE WILDMAN WHITEHOUSE, of Brighton, in the
County of Sussex, Surgeon, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE ARRANGEMENTS FOR OR WORKING OF ELECTRIC
TELEGRAPHS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in the employment of one insulated wire as a return
wire, common to and used simultaneously in connection or combination with
more than one electric telegraph instrument, in lieu of the earth circuit, as at
present ordinarily employed.