Improvements in Machinery and Arrangements for Printing in Several Colors upon Paper, Oil Cloths, and other Fabrics and Materials.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Oct., 1886
Complete Left, 19th May, 1887
Complete Accepted, 21st June, 1887.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery and Arrangements for Printing in
Several Colors upon Paper, Oil Cloths, and other Fabrics and
Materials.
We, ISAAC HENRY STOREY, of the firm of Storey Brothers & Company, of the
Town and County of Lancaster, Table Baize and Oil Cloth Manufacturers, JOHN
WILKINSON, of the same place, Engraver, and HENRY BATESON also of the same place,
Block-Cutter, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention, to be as follows
:-
There are two classes of pattern rollers used for printing, those termed " engraved
rollers," where the pattern is sunk below the general surface of the roller and which
are commonly used for calico printing, and those termed "surface rollers" where the
pattern is in relief.
Engraved rollers are and can be used for printing several colors upon absorbent
materials like calico, but hitherto it has not been practicable to use them for printing
several colors in succession upon non-absorbent or only partially absorbent materials,
because the color printed by one engraved roller is spread or blotted when the
succeeding roller is printing by the pressure applied thereto.
33
For this reason in printing in several colors "surface or relief pattern rollers have
been hitherto used, but the work produced by such surface rollers is not equal to that
obtained from engraved rollers.
The object of our invention is to be able to print in several colors by a series of two
or more engraved pattern rollers and we accomplish this by using by preference pairs
of rollers for all colors after that first printed in which the pattern of the color
applying or printing roller is sunk or engraved and instead of the usual blanket
(which may be used or a soft surface roller for the first roller) the impression roller
is a roller with a pattern in relief corresponding with the sunk pattern on the engraved
roller so that the relief pattern roller will only press upon such parts of the fabric or
material being printed, which is to receive the color or pattern from the engraved or
sunk pattern roller. The surface pattern roller has to be rotated simultaneously with
the engraved roller, and to be more or less accurate according to the character of the
pattern to be printed.

page_text: The two rollers have also a margin at each end, not engraved upon and the surfaces
of which margins come together and in contact when there is no fabric between them,
or in place of margins at the ends, there may be discs or pulleys applied to the rollers
of the same diameter as the rollers.
In some cases these margins of the roller or surfaces of the discs or pulleys are or
may be roughened or serrated to give hold upon the fabric. In some cases spiked
wheels are or may be used or endless jointed chains having pins are or may be used
on each side of the fabric working in suitable guides to keep the fabric stretched in
the widthway while being printed.
In some cases the surface roller need only have such portions of its surface sunk as
will come over portions of the pattern printed by the previously printing engraved
roller or rollers or the surface pattern or relief roller, while having portions of its
surface in relief corresponding to the pattern on the engraved or printing roller need
not have all the other portions of its surface removed as some or all the remainder of
its surface may remain except where it would give pressure on the parts of the fabric
previously printed, which parts of the surface of the roller are removed.
The printing rollers may be arranged in the same plane or in a circular or other
convenient form, and are or may be geared together in any convenient manner.
In some cases if required blasts of air are or may be used to throw air between the
cloth being printed and the printing roller and in other cases the relief impression
roller is or may be enclosed in a casing open to the cloth, and this casing has air
drawn from it by connection with an exhausting fan so that the cloth is pressed up by
the atmosphere close to the opening in the casing and against the impression roller.
Dated this Sixteenth day of October 1886.

page_text: Several Colors upon Paper, Oil Cloths, and other Fabrics and
Materials.
We ISAAC HENRY STOREY of the firm of Storey Brothers & Company, of the Town
and County of Lancaster, Table Baize and Oil Cloth Manufacturers JOHN WILKINSON
of the same place, Engraver, and HENRY BATESON also of the same place, Block-Cutter,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
There are two classes of pattern rollers used for printing, those termed "engraved
rollers," where the pattern is sunk below the general surface of the roller and which
are commonly used for calico printing, and those termed "surface rollers where the
pattern is in relief.
"
Engraved rollers are and can be used for printing several colors upon absorbent
materials like calico, but hitherto it has not been practicable to use them for printing
several colors in succession upon non-absorbent or only partially absorbent materials,
because the color printed by one engraved roller is spread or blotted when the
succeeding roller is printing by the pressure applied thereto.
For this reason in printing in several colors" surface" or relief pattern rollers have
been hitherto used, but the work produced by such surface rollers is not equal to that
obtained from engraved rollers.
The object of our invention is to be able to print in several colors more especially
upon non-absorbent surfaces like oil cloths, by a series of two or more engraved
pattern rollers, and we accomplish this by using by preference pairs of rollers for
all colors after that first printed, in which the pattern of the color applying or
printing roller is sunk or engraved and instead of the usual blanket (which inay
be used, or a soft surface roller for the first roller) the impression roller is a roller
with a pattern in relief corresponding with the sunk pattern on the engraved roller,
so that the relief pattern roller will only press upon such parts of the fabric or material
being printed which is to receive the color or pattern from the engraved or sunk
pattern roller.
The surface pattern roller has to be rotated simultaneously with the engraved roller
and to be more or less accurate in pattern according to the character of the pattern
to be printed. The two rollers have also, or may have a margin at each end, not
engraved upon, the surfaces of which margins come together and in contact
when there is no fabric between them, or in place of margins at the ends, there may
be discs or pulleys applied to the rollers of the same diameter as the rollers.
In some cases these margins of the roller or surfaces of the discs or pulleys are or
may be roughened or serrated to give hold upon the fabric.

page_text: In some cases spiked wheels are or may be used, or endless jointed chains having
pins are or may be used on each side of the fabric working in suitable guides to keep
the fabric stretched in the widthway while being printed.
In some cases the surface roller need only have such portions of its surface sunk as
will come over portions of the pattern printed by the previously printing engraved
roller or rollers; or the surface pattern or relief roller while having portions of its
surface in relief corresponding to the pattern on the engraved or printing roller, need
not have all the other portions of its surface removed, as some or all the remainder
of its surface may remain except where it would give pressure on the parts of the
fabric previously printed, which parts of the surface of the roller are removed.
The printing rollers may be arranged in the same plane or in a circular or other
convenient form, and are or may be geared together in any convenient manner,
In some cases if required the relief impression roller is or may be enclosed in a
casing open to the cloth being printed, or the casing is or may be over the cloth, and
this casing has air drawn from it by connection with an exhausting fan or other
suitable mechanism so that the cloth is pressed up by the atmosphere close to the
opening in the casing and against the impression roller."
Fig. 1 is a side elevation, and fig. 2 is a front elevation with the cloth roller,
carrying and holding back roller, doctor and other parts omitted to show the mechanism
connected with one pair of printing and pressure rollers more clearly. Fig. 3 is a
plan view showing one printing roller and its doctor mechanism.
The machine illustrated is one for printing four or less than four colors (but of
course more colors may be printed by adding more pairs of rollers).
There are four pairs of printing and pressure rollers shown, all the pressure rollers
(except that for the first printing roller which is a plain roller) are rollers with a
raised pattern the pattern on each roller being formed to give pressure only on those
parts which are to receive the color from the printing roller below it upon which
it acts.
Each pair of printing and pressure rollers is arranged alike and an explanation as
to one pair will thus answer for each of the other pairs of rollers.
There are two side frames (a) connected together and made rigid by suitable cross
stays or framing and the framing for the entire machine is or may be mounted upon
wheels, each wheel b on a stud in a bracket 6' which can if desired be made to swivel
round a vertical stud in a bracket 62 secured to each of the four corners of the
side frame.
These wheels are or may be made to run on rails so that the machine can he
moved if necessary. The prepared cloth to be printed is wound upon a roller c with
that face of the cloth to be printed upon inside and the back of the cloth outside
the roll.
The cloth roller c is carried on brackets or arms c¹ formed or secured on a cross bar
or plate arranged to move or slide to and fro endways. The plate or bar c² has a
toothed-rack upon it to gear with a pinion c³ on a short vertical shaft c* in a bracket
carried on the framing.
By turning the short shaft c with a suitable key the cloth roller c can be adjusted
to the required position end ways.
The cloth passes from the roller cover a carrier or guide roller d in suitable bearings
on the side frames a, and then under a roller e having its surface covered with card or
made rough or serrated to take hold of the cloth. From the card roller e, the cloth
passes over another carrier roller d¹ in suitable bearings on the side frames, then
between each pair of printing and pressure rollers under a bearing or guide roller d²
and over two other carrier rollers d³ and d in suitable bearings on brackets a¹ and a³
and then to the drying room.
The card roller e has a strap or brake band upon it or upon a pulley on its axis,
and one end of the brake band or strap is attached to a stud on the framing, and the
other end to a rod e¹ having a screw hand wheel e² at one end by which the
pressure of the brake can be adjusted to give the required tension upon the cloth x
which is drawn from the roller c by the printing and pressure rollers. The cloth

page_text: 2332ACK
Materials.
We ISAAC HENRY STOREY of the firm of Storey Brothers & Company, of the Town
and County of Lancaster, Table Baize and Oil Cloth Manufacturers JOHN WILKINSON
of the same place, Engraver, and HENRY BATESON also of the same place, Block-Cutter,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
There are two classes of pattern rollers used for printing, those termed "engraved
rollers," where the pattern is sunk below the general surface of the roller and which
"where the
are commonly used for calico printing, and those termed "surface rollers
pattern is in relief.
Engraved rollers are and can be used for printing several colors upon absorbent
materials like calico, but hitherto it has not been practicable to use them for printing
several colors in succession upon non-absorbent or only partially absorbent materials,
because the color printed by one engraved roller is spread or blotted when the
succeeding roller is printing by the pressure applied thereto.
For this reason in printing in several colors "surface" or relief pattern rollers have
been hitherto used, but the work produced by such surface rollers is not equal to that
obtained from engraved rollers.
The object of our invention is to be able to print in several colors more especially
upon non-absorbent surfaces like oil cloths, by a series of two or more engraved
pattern rollers, and we accomplish this by using by preference pairs of rollers for
all colors after that first printed, in which the pattern of the color applying or
printing roller is sunk or engraved and instead of the usual blanket (which may
be used, or a soft surface roller for the first roller) the impression roller is a roller
with a pattern in relief corresponding with the sunk pattern on the engraved roller,
so that the relief pattern roller will only press upon such parts of the fabric or material
being printed which is to receive the color or pattern from the engraved or sunk
pattern roller.
The surface pattern roller has to be rotated simultaneously with the engraved roller
and to be more or less accurate in pattern according to the character of the pattern
to be printed. The two rollers have also, or may have a margin at each end, not
engraved upon, the surfaces of which margins come together and in contact
when there is no fabric between them, or in place of margins at the ends, there may
be discs or pulleys applied to the rollers of the same diameter as the rollers.
In some cases these margins of the roller or surfaces of the discs or pulleys are or
may be roughened or serrated to give hold upon the fabric.

page_text: In some cases spiked wheels are or may be used, or endless jointed chains having
pins are or may be used on each side of the fabric working in suitable guides to keep
the fabric stretched in the widthway while being printed.
In some cases the surface roller need only have such portions of its surface sunk as
will come over portions of the pattern printed by the previously printing engraved
roller or rollers; or the surface pattern or relief roller while having portions of its
surface in relief corresponding to the pattern on the engraved or printing roller, need
not have all the other portions of its surface removed, as some or all the remainder
of its surface may remain except where it would give pressure on the parts of the
fabric previously printed, which parts of the surface of the roller are removed.
The printing rollers may be arranged in the same plane or in a circular or other
convenient form, and are or may be geared together in any convenient manner,
In some cases if required the relief impression roller is or may be enclosed in a
casing open to the cloth being printed, or the casing is or may be over the cloth, and
this casing has air drawn from it by connection with an exhausting fan or other
suitable mechanism so that the cloth is pressed up by the atmosphere close to the
opening in the casing and against the impression roller."
Fig. 1 is a side elevation, and fig. 2 is a front elevation with the cloth roller,
carrying and holding back roller, doctor and other parts omitted to show the mechanism
connected with one pair of printing and pressure rollers more clearly. Fig. 3 is a
plan view showing one printing roller and its doctor mechanism.
The machine illustrated is one for printing four or less than four colors (but of
course more colors may be printed by adding more pairs of rollers).
There are four pairs of printing and pressure rollers shown, all the pressure rollers
(except that for the first printing roller which is a plain roller) are rollers with a
raised pattern the pattern on each roller being formed to give pressure only on those
parts which are to receive the color from the printing roller below it upon which
it acts.
Each pair of printing and pressure rollers is arranged alike and an explanation as
to one pair will thus answer for each of the other pairs of rollers.
There are two side frames (a) connected together and made rigid by suitable cross
stays or framing and the framing for the entire machine is or may be mounted upon
wheels, each wheel b on a stud in a bracket b' which can if desired be made to swivel
round a vertical stud in a bracket 62 secured to each of the four corners of the
side frame.
These wheels bare or may be made to run on rails so that the machine can he
moved if necessary. The prepared cloth to be printed is wound upon a roller c with
that face of the cloth to be printed upon inside and the back of the cloth outside
the roll.
The cloth roller c is carried on brackets or arms c¹ formed or secured on a cross bar
or plate e arranged to move or slide to and fro endways. The plate or bar c² has a
toothed-rack upon it to gear with a pinion c³ on a short vertical shaft c in a bracket
carried on the framing.
By turning the short shaft c with a suitable key the cloth roller c can be adjusted
to the required position end ways.
The cloth passes from the roller cover a carrier or guide roller din suitable bearings
on the side frames a, and then under a roller e having its surface covered with card or
made rough or serrated to take hold of the cloth. From the card roller e, the cloth
passes over another carrier roller d' in suitable bearings on the side frames, then
between each pair of printing and pressure rollers under a bearing or guide roller d²
and over two other carrier rollers d³ and d in suitable bearings on brackets a¹ and a²
and then to the drying room.
The card rollere has a strap or brake band upon it or upon a pulley on its axis,
and one end of the brake band or strap is attached to a stud on the framing, and the
other end to a rod e¹ having a screw hand wheel at one end by which the
pressure of the brake can be adjusted to give the required tension upon the cloth x
which is drawn from the roller c by the printing and pressure rollers. The cloth a

page_text: is pinched at each end of each pair of printing and pressure rollers by narrow
plain parts or discs close to the ends of the rollers (when their lengths are the width
of the fabric being printed) these narrow plain parts or dises are or may be
roughened or serrated to grip the margins of the passing cloth and keep it stretched
widthway.
There are also endless bands on suitable pulleys or studs on the side framing,
these endless bands having small spikes to enter the edges or selvedges of the cloth,
the cloth being pressed upon the spikes by a grooved pulley on a stud in the framing,
the groove of the pulley coming over the spikes on the endless bands f. Or in place
of endless bands, thin spur or spiked pulleys are arranged as close together as possible
on studs on a plate or bar secured to the side frames so that their spikes by the action
of a grooved pulley or bar as above explained will enter the margins or selvedges of
the cloth and keep it distended in its widthway.
The doctor y for each printing roller is secured on a shaft g' and cach shaft g' is
placed at each end in a bearing arranged to slide in a direction at a right angle to the
lengthway of the shaft g' and there is a screw g² arranged in the slideway at each
end of the shaft g to rotate but not move end ways, this screw screwing through the
slide bearing of the shaft g' by which means the doctor g is adjusted parallel to the
printing roller h.
There is a ratchet g* secured at each end of the shaft g₁ (see fig. 3) within a forked
lever g³ that can oscillate on the shaft y', and each forked lever g³ has a pawl jointed
to it to take hold of the teeth of the ratchet g².
The end of each forked lever g³ has one end of a chain g* attached, the other end of
which is connected to one arm of a lever g having its fulcrum on a stud on the
framing this lever has a weight 9 upon it for bringing the doctor g with the required
pressure against the printing roller h.
The ratchet pawl when withdrawn from the ratchet g² allows the doctor to be turned
away from the printing roller h.
There is a color trough i for each printing roller (see fig. 2) carried at each end
upon the upper end of a toothed rack arranged to slide vertically in suitable
bearings.
Each rack of a pair gears with a spur wheel 2 on a cross shaft 3 in suitable
bearings on the framing, and by turning this shaft with a suitable key applied to
the square at one end the color trough can be raised and lowered, and when in the
position required it is held by a pawl jointed on the framing that catches upon the
teeth of a ratchet wheel on the cross shaft ³.
There are slides at each end of each pair of rollers arranged to slide vertically and the
lower or printing roller h is adjusted vertically by a screw hat each end screwing
through a screw thread in the framing.
The upper or pressure rollers k are also adjusted vertically by screws k¹ the lower
ends of which are connected with the slides forming or carrying the bearing for the
roller.
The screws k¹ screw through round nuts which fit and can oscillate in a hole in a
forked or slotted lever k³, the fulcrum * of the lever being upon a bracket on the
framing.
The upper end of the screw ¹ has a hand wheel for rotating it.
Each forked lever k³ has a slot at one end for an excentric on a shaft k which
passes across the machine and is in suitable bearings on the side frames, this shaft k
being oscillated by a handle k at one end so that the forked levers k³ and thus the
screw at each side can be simultaneously lifted and lowered. The shaft of each
roller k being connected by a loop with its bearing is lifted and lowered at the same
time as the screw k¹.
The first pair of rollers h and k need not have lateral or end or rotary adjustment
but each pair of rollers and k after the first have to be provided with such adjust-
ments. The bearings for these rollers are arranged to slide endways and laterally upon
the vertical slides. The end adjustments to the rollers are given by the screws ; (see
figs. 1 and 2) and the lateral adjustments by the screws l.

page_text: The arrangements of the bearings upon their vertical slides so as to be capable of
receiving the end and lateral adjustments are such as are in use in calico printing
machines, the rotary adjustments of the rollers are also as in calico printing machines,
that is, the wheel 2 which drives the lower roller is not fast on its axis but upon
the boss of a part m² having bearings for an adjusting screw or worm m² which worm
gears with a worm wheel m³ fast on the axis of the printing roller h (see fig. 2).
The belt driving the machine works upon fast and loose pulleys n (one pulley only
shown) on a shaft n¹ passing across the machine in suitable bearings on the side
frames, and one end of this shaft has a spur pinion n2 upon it that gears with a
carrier wheel n³ on a stud on the framing which gears with another carrier
wheel n on a stud on a bracket, which carrier gears with a wheel h² fast on the
end of the first printing roller hand with another wheel 2 on the next printing
roller and the wheels h on each of the other printing rollers are geared together
by two similar carrier wheels n, these carrier wheels n being shown by pitch lines in
fig. 1.
Each pair of rollers hand is geared together by spur wheels h³ and a fast upon
the axis of each roller h and k at one end as shown in fig. 2.
box w
Fig. 4 is a diaphragm showing the mode in which a partial vacuum formed within a
enclosing the roller k but open to the cloth is or may be used to hold up or
draw the cloth a being printed against the impression roller & the casing w may be
connected by a pipe w with any suitable fan or air exhausting arrangements capable
of producing a partial vacuum.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is.
1. The printing of fabrics in two or more colors by two or more pairs of printing
rollers the color applying rollers having the pattern thereon sunk (as in rollers used
for calico printing) and the rollers acting to press the fabric being printed upon the
color applying roller (except that for the first color applying roller) having a pattern
in relief so formed as to press as desired only upon such portions of the fabric as are
to be printed upon by the sunk color applying rollers, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
2. The combination of mechanism for printing in two or more colors by sunk
pattern color applying rollers and rollers with a pattern in relief substantially as
hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings.
Dated this Eighteenth day of May 1887.
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent.