IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY TO BE EXPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER OR LINEN SPOOL TUBES, WHICH MACHINERY IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARTRIDGE CARER
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Hirst, of Halifax, in the County of York,
Book-keeper, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY TO BE
EXPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER OR LINEN SPOOL TUBES,
WHICH MACHINERY IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARTRIDGE
CARER"
Sealed the 3rd March 1863, and dated the 9th September 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Hirst at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th
September 1862.
1, WILLIAM HIRST, of Halifax, in the County of York, Book-keeper,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER OR LINEN SPOOL
TUBES, WHICH MACHINERY IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARTRIDGE
OAGES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is the manufacture of spool tubes or cartridge
cases in an expeditious and economical manner, which I effect as follows:-
I provide paper of suitable width and quality, which is made of any length
required, and wound on a creel or roller from which the machine is supplied.
The end of this paper is passed between a pair of rollers and carried along a
frame of corresponding width (one side of this frame being moveable, so as to
allow of its being set for the various lengths of spool tubes or cartridge cases
וג.

page_text: required), and received by a second pair of rollers at the other end of the
framo. Between the two pairs of rollers are placed two pairs of small scissors;
these scissors are placed one on each side of the frame in an angular direction
at a distance from the first pair of rollers, and make short incisions at an angle
of about forty-five degrees in the two edges of the paper; these scissors are
closed by cams or projections on a shaft working under the frame, and are
opened by a spiral spring. At a distance from the first-named two pairs of
scissors are a second two pairs of scissors placed apart from the first-mentioned
ones, according to the length of paper required for the spool tube or cartridgo
case; the second-mentioned two pairs of scissors cut for a short distance across
the paper in a curved direction, making an are of about ninety degrees, and are
worked by a spiral spring and cams as described. The paper is then received
by the second pair of rollers, which, like the first-mentioned pair, have an
intermittent motion given to them by pinion and segment wheels. Near to
the last-mentioned pair of rollers are placed another pair of scissors, which
cut at a right angle to and entirely across the frame and paper; anotherrevolu-
tion of the shaft will by means of the rollers draw forward another length of
paper, which is cut as described, the whole of the scissors closing and cutting
at the same time, the last pair cutting across at the points cut by the small
angular and curved scissors, so that cach length of paper from which a spool
tube or cartridge case is to be made, being cut off at the point cut by the
angular and curved scissors, has two corners cut off by the angle scissors and its
other corners rounded off by the curved scissors. As each length of paper
from which a spool tube or cartridge case is to be made is cut off it is received
by a pair of fluted or grooved rollers, a second pair of these rollers being
placed at a distanco apart from the last-mentioned pair. The bottom one of
each pair of fluted or grooved rollers is connected by endless bands of
gutta percha (or other suitable bauding) working in the grooves of the rollers,
and upon these bands each length of paper as it is cut off is carried forward.
Immediately over the endless bands are two other pairs of rollers placed at
a distance apart and connected by au endless cloth; above the endless cloth
is fixed a funnel or hopper which supplies the cloth with paste, the paste
running out at the bottom of the hopper between a pair of brushes which
touch the endless cloth. It will be evident that as each length of paper is cut
off and carried along between the endless bands of gutta percha and pasting
cloth, each paper will be thoroughly pasted on its surface. As each paper
arrives at the second rollers of the endless pasting cloth its end is by a circular
brush removed from the endless cloth and received by a pair of small rollers
or spindles of the required inner diameter of the spool tube or cartridge case,

page_text: and wound on the upper one; a circular brush running close to the upper
spindle brushes each paper as it is wound on, and prevents any wrinkling or
unevenness in the tubes. At one end of the spindle on which the popor is
wound is a collar and pin, which by a rack and segment wheel is drawn along
the upper spindle and pushes or slides ench tube off the spindle, from which
they fall into a box or other receptacle, the revolution of the spindle being
temporarily arrested whilst the tube is pushed off; the segment wheel having
passed the rack is instantly drawn to its former position by means of a spiral
spring, the rack carrying along with it the collar and pin to its former place
on the spindle ready to push or slide off the next tube.
The machine and process above described is also applicable to manufac-
turing spool tubes or cartridge cases of linen, parchment, leather, or other
suitable material.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Hirst in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th
March 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
HIRST, of Halifax, in the County of York, Book-keeper, sond greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reigu, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said William Hirst, Her special licence that I, the said William
Hirst, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said William Hirst, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Groat Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE.
MENTS IN MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER OR LINEN
SPOOL TUBES, WHICH MACHINERY IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF
CARTRIDGE CASES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Hirst, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal

page_text: ratent Umce within six calendar months eat and nummery after bu
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Hirst, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement in writing, and on reference to the accompanying
Drawings (that is to say):-
The object of this Invention is the manufacture of spool tubes or cartridgo
cases in an expeditious and economical manner, which I effect as follows:-
I provide paper of suitable width and quality, which is made of any length
required, and wound on a creel or roller from which the machine is supplied.
The end of this paper is passed between a pair of rollers and carried along a
frame of corresponding width (one side of this frame being moveable, so as
to allow of its being set for the various lengths of spool tubes or cartridge
cases required), and received by a second pair of rollers at the other end of
the frame. Between the two pairs of rollers are placed two pairs of small
scissors; these scissors are placed one on each side of the frame in an angular
direction at a distance from the first pair of rollers, and make short incisions
at an angle of about 45" in the two edges of the paper; these scissors are
closed by cams or projections on a shaft working under the frame, and are
opened by a spiral spring. At a distance from the first-named two pairs of
scissors are a second two pairs of scissors placed apart from the first-men-
tioned ones, according to the length of paper required for the spool tubo or
cartridge case; the second-mentioned two pairs of scissors cut for a short
distance across the paper in a curved direction, making an arc of about 90°,
and are worked by a spiral spring and cams as described. The paper is then
recoived by the second pair of rollers, which, like the first-mentioned pair,
have an intermittent motion given to them by pinion and segment wheels.
Near the last-mentioned pair of rollers are placed another pair of scissors, which
cut at a right angle to and entirely across the frame and paper; another
revolution of the shaft will by means of the rollers draw forward another
length of paper, which is cut as described, the whole of the scissors closing
and cutting at the same time, the last pair cutting across at the points cut by
the small angular aud curved scissors, so that each length of paper from which
a spool tube or cartridge case is to be made, being cut off at the point cut by
the angular and curved scissors, has two corners cut off by the angle scissors,
and its other corners rounded off by the curved scissors. As each length of
paper from which a spool tube or cartridge case is to be made is cut off it
is received by a pair of fluted or grooved rollers, a second pair of these rollers

page_text: being placed at a distance apart from the last-mentioned pair. The bottom
one of each pair of fluted or grooved rollers is connected by endless bands
of gutta percha (or other suitable banding) working in the grooves of the
rollers, and upon these bands each length of paper as it is cut off is carried
forward. Immediately over the endless bands are two other pairs of rollers
placed at a distance apart and connected by an endless cloth; above the
endless cloth is fixed a funnel or hopper which supplies the cloth with paste,
the paste running out at the bottom of the hopper between a pair of brushes
which touch the endless cloth. It will he evident that as each length of
paper is cut off and carried along between the endless bands of gutta percha
and pasting cloth, each paper will be thoroughly pasted on its surface. As
each paper arrives at the second rollers of the endless pasting cloth its end is
by a circular brush removed from the endless cloth and received by a pair of
small rollers or spindles of the required inner diameter of the spool tube or
cartridge case, and wound on the upper one; a circular brush running close to
the upper spindle brushes each paper as it is wound on, and prevents any
wrinkling or unevenness in the tubes. At one end of the spindle on which
the paper is wound is a collar and piu, which by a rack and segment wheel
is drawn along the upper spindle and pushes or slides cach tube off the spindle,
from which they fall into a box or other receptacle, the revolution of the
spindle being temporarily arrested whilst the tube is pushed off; the segment
wheel having passed the rack is instantly drawn to its former position by
means of a spiral spring, the rack carrying along with it the collar and pin
to its former place on the spindle ready to push or slide off the next tube.
The machine process above described is also applicable to manufacturing
spool tubes or cartridge cases of linen, parchment, leather, or other suitable
material.
Such being the nature and object of my said Invention for "Improvements
in Machinery to be Employed in the Manufacture of Paper or Linen Spool
Tubes, which Machinery is also applicable for the Manufacture of Cartridge
Cases," I will now proceed to describe more in detail the manner in which the
same is to be or may be performed or carried into practical effect, and in order
that the same may be distinctly understood I have hereunto annexed 'T'wo
Sheets of Drawings illustrative thereof, and have marked the same with
figures and letters of reference corresponding with those in the following
explanation thereof, similar letters of reference being placed upon corre-
sponding parts of the machine in the various Figures.
In Sheet 1 of the Drawings, Fig. I is a plan or top view of my improved
machinery, shewing the general arrangement of the same; Fig. 2 is a

page_text: longitudinal vertical section through about the line 1, 2, of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a
cross vertical section through about the line 3,4,of Fig. 1, shewing the method
of pushing or sliding off the tube or cartridge case when finished; and
Fig. 4 is a cross vertical section through about the line 5, 6.
a, a, a, is the frame of the machine; b is the paper which is received by
the rollers c, c, and carried along the frame d or table to the rollers e, e;
ff, are the scissors for cutting the edges of the paper b in an angular
direction; g,g, are the cams or projections for closing the scissors, and g', g',
are the springs for opening the same; h, h, are the scissors for cutting the
edges of the paper b in a curved direction; h', h, are the cams or pro-
jections for closing, and h², h², are the spiral springs for opening these last-
mentioned scissors; iare the scissors, which cut at right angles to and entirely
across the framed and paper b, being closed by the cani or projection i', and
opened by the spiral spring . As each length of paper from which a spool
tube or cartridge case is to be made is cut off it is carried forward as soon as
the scissors are opened and received by the pair of fluted or grooved
rollers j, j (the top roller ; in Fig. 1 being removed in order to shew the
bands of gutta percha) and gutta percha (or other suitable banding) &, and
by means of gearing, herein-after described, travels forward on the banding k
and under the pasting cloth 2 (part of the cloth being removed in Fig. 1),
which pasting cloth passes on and around the rollers; 1, 12, 13, 14, are two
grooved rollers placed immediately under the rollers which
carry the
pasting cloth 1, for the purpose of keeping the banding / close to the
.pasting cloth 2. The funnel or hopper m, being supplied with paste, will
(by reason of the paste running through the holes m in the head of the
brush m², and downwards through the fibres of the said brush) smear or
slightly cover the cloth with paste, which cloth (as shewn by the arrow)
travelling along with the banding will thoroughly paste each length of
paper during its transit on the banding from the roller to the roller /².
As each length of paper arrives at the roller and cloth. it is by the circular
brush n removed from the endless cloth to the banding k, whence it passes
forward to the guide o, is received by the rollers or spindles p and p', and
wound on the upper one p'; the circular brush r, running close to the
spindle, brushes cach paper as it is wound on, to prevent wrinkling or
unevenness in the tubes. Before the whole of the paper is wound on the
spindles, the motion of the brush is reversed in order to make a good scain,
and lay the edge neatly. The tube or cartridge case being complete, is
pushed or slidden off the roller or spindle by the collars fixed to the pin s¹
and bar s3, the whole of which is connected to the rack (working in the

page_text: guides, 3) which is by the segment wheel drawn to the other end of
the spindle; the segment wheel having passed or worked out of gear, the
rack is by means of the spiral spring v instantly drawn to its former position,
carrying along with it the collars and pin s to its former place on the
spindle ready to push or slide off the next tube.
The method of gearing and driving the various rollers and other moving
parts, above described, is as follows:-Motion being given to the shaft A by
means of the pullies B, spur wheels B' and B, the bevel wheel C on the
shaft A gives motion to the wheel C' and cross shaft C2 (shaft shewn in
Fig. 1 by dotted lines), on the other end of which shaft is a spur wheel C³
gearing with a stud wheel C. The pair of bevol wheels C and C give
motion to the shaft D, at one end of which shaft are a pair of bevel wheels
D1, D, which actuate the cross shaft D³, on which are fixed the cams or pro-
jections g, g, for closing the first two pairs of scissors. A second pair of bevel
wheels E, E, are fixed on the shaft D for a like purpose of driving the cross
shaft E, on which are keyed the cams or projections h³, h, for closing the
Becond two pairs of scissors,thecams or projections i¹ for closing the third pair of
scissors being keyed on the end of the shaft A. On the shaft C2 is a spur seg-
ment wheel F,working in tho pinion wheel F', which gives intermittent motion
to the cross shaft F2, on the end of which is the spur wheel F, which gears
with the wheel F4 and carrier wheel F5,the latter gearing with F; Falso gears
with the carrier wheel F', which gears with and drives F'and 1*(see detached
view of this part of the gearing, Fig. 5, Sheet 1); F is on the journal of the
grooved roller, which carries the gutta percha banding k, k; F is on the top
rollerj; F is the carrier wheol; and F drives the roller 4, round which the
pasting cloth passes; F³ also drives the carrier wheel F, communicating
motion to F and F, which latter two wheels work the rollers e, e. At the
end of this shaft D is a spur wheel G, gearing with a wheel G', which drives
the shaft G³,the bevel wheels G³ and G4 giving motion to the circular brush ».
On the shaft A are two bovel segment wheels H and H', the wheel or
segment H, being in gear with the bevel wheel H, (which is fixed on the end
of the shaft carrying the circular brush r,) will cause the said brush to revolve
in the direction shewn by the arrow at in Fig. 2, thus brushing the paper
whilst it is being wound on the rollers or spindle p'. The wheel or segment H
having cleared the wheel H2, the other wheel or segment H' will gear with
the wheel H, and reverse the motion of the brush for the
purpose herein-
before described. J is a bevel wheel gearing with J' for the purpose of
driving the shaft J³, ou which is fixed the cam or tappet K; at each revolution
of the shaft J³ the cam or tappet K will raise the levers J³ and J* to the

page_text: position shewn by dotted lines, thus causing the ends carrying the roller or
spindle p to dip or lower whilst the collar S pushes or slides off the tube from
the spindlop'; the collar having returned to its former position, the roller p
will be raised into contact with the spindle p' by means of the spiral spring L.
M is a spur wheel gearing with a spur pinion M' for the purpose of driving
the roller or spindle. In making hexagonal or octagonal tubes I employ
a segment in place of the wheel M, in order temporarily to arrest the motion
of the spindle whilst the tube is being pushed off.
As a inodification of my Invention, I have shown on Sheet 2, at Fig. 6,
a detail Drawing of tappet plate and crank arm for working the collar son
the roller or spindle p'; Fig. 7 is a plan view of the same.
N is the tappet wheel, which at each revolution will throw the crank
arm O into the position shewn by dotted lines in Fig. 7, thus sliding the
collars to the end of the roller or spindle p³, the bearing s¹ sliding on the
guide rod ; P is the upright stud on which the crank arm works; P¹, a
rod for steadying the pulley P3 in the groove of the tappet N, the ends of
the crank arm being hollow in order to receive and allow sufficient play of
the pins conveying the pulley P2 and collar s.
Fig. 8, Sheet 2, is a side elevation of part of the machine, shewing the
brush worked by segment and pinion. R is the segment; R¹, the pinion;
R, a connecting rod; R³, a stud, fixed in the plate R, (the edge of this
plate is grooved so as by means of a cord to drive the brush n,) on which the
connecting rod R² works. Attached to the stud R³ is a lever S, working the
carrier wheel F7, which is enlarged for the purpose of carrying the pins T.
The end of the levers S at each revolution of the plate R' will catch on one
of the pins T, and turn the carrier wheel F7, conveying motion to the
gearing above described, thus drawing forward another length of paper,
from which a spool tube or cartridge case is to be made; and at Fig. 1,
Sheet 1, I have shewn, in dotted lines, the shaft A elongated, and at its
end a cutter or punch W in lieu of the scissors. On the shaft D is a
similar cutter or punch, each revolving with the shafts to which they aro
secured. The scissors i are shewn continued to the shaft A, forming a
knife W', which revolves with the shaft A.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention for
"Improvements in Machinery to be Employed in the Manufacture of Paper
or Linen Spool Tubes, which Machinery is also applicable for the Manufacture
of Cartridge Cases," together with the manner in which the same is to be or
may be performed or carried into practical effect, I would remark, in con-
clusion, that I claim as my Invention the general construction and arrange-

page_text: ment of machinery or apparatus for such purposes as shewn in the Drawings,
and above particularly described, or any mere modification thereof, operating
in substantially the same or a similar manner.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Hirst, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named William Hirst in
the presence of
WALTER BRIERLEY,
Patent Agent,
WILLIAM HIRST. (L.S.)
Halifax.