Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 1st June., 1886.
Complete Left, 1st Mar., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 1st Apr., 1887.
I HENRY FOURNESS of the firm of H. Fourness and Company of 116 Princess
Street Manchester in the County of Lancaster Gas Lamp Manufacturers do hereby
declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:- .
My said Invention relates to regenerative gas lamps in which the air supplied to
the flame is heated in its passage thereto, so as to increase the illuminating effect
and promote economy in the consumption of gas. My present invention relates more
particularly to an improved construction of the said type of lamp having for its object
the minimising of the shadow cast by the upper part of the lamp, so that when used
in a room the ceiling is lighted as well as the space around and beneath the lamp.
The lamp may be suspended from the ceiling or it may be supported on a pipe from
beneath or on an ordinary chandelier. The glass globe or shield which surrounds the
light which is preferably a disc shaped flame is made of an oval or spherical form and
to the upper part of the said globe is fitted or applied a duplex tube one part of which
acts as a regenerative chamber to heat the inflowing air while the other part serves as
a chimney to remove the products of combustion. The said tubes are arranged
concentrically the outer larger tube surrounding the inner smaller one so as to leave
an annular space between the outer and inner tube. The outer larger tube extends
only a short distance above the top of the glass globe and about half way into the
interior of the globe while the inner smaller tube projects considerably above the
upper end of the larger tube. Within the globe the inner and outer tubes are
connected by short horizontal tubes or flues which cross the annular space between
the two tubes. The bottom of the larger tube is closed by an end of finely per-
forated metal or wire gauze while the lower end of the inner tube or chimney is
closed by a plate or solid end. When the lamp is supported and supplied with
gas from beneath I may employ an argand burner with vertical or horizontal
openings or a separable burner with horizontal openings similar to the burners
described in the specification of my Letters Patent No. 7289 of the year 1885
together with the means employed to supply and regulate the air from beneath to
the lower side of the flame. When the lamp is suspended from above I lead the
gas supply pipe down through the centre of the inner tube and use an inverted

page_text: argand burner with or without a deflecting disc the air to the lower side of the
flame being admitted through a regulator at the foot of the globe. I may however
use any suitable burner. When the lamp is in operation the heated products of
combustion flow through the aforesaid short horizontal tubes or flues into the inner
tube or chimney and thence escape. The air to supply the upper side of the disc
flame enters the annular regenerative space between the two tubes at the top and
in its downward passage is heated not only by contact with the heated walls of
the said annular regenerative space but also by impinging upon the cross tubes or
flues through which How the products of combustion on their way to the chimney.
The air thus becomes highly heated before it is discharged through the perforations
or wire gauze at the foot of the space and reaches the flame in the condition most
favourable to the combustion of the gas and the complete incandesence of the
carbonaceous atoms in the flame. By thus abstracting and returning the developed
heat to the flame the air of an apartment in which the lamp is used is not so liable
to become unduly heated and vitiated. The comparatively small diameter of the
regenerative tube and chimney causes little or no shadow to he thrown on the ceiling.
Dated this 31st day of May 1886.
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James's Square, Manchester,.
Agents.

page_text: Improvements in Regenerative Gas Lamps.
I HENRY FOURNESS of the firm of H. Fourness and Company of 116 Princess
Street, Manchester in the County of Lancaster Gas Lamp Manufacturers do hereby
declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement and
accompanying drawings:
My said Invention relates to regenerative gas lamps in which the air supplied to
the flame is heated in its passage thereto, so as to increase the illuminating effect and
promote economy in the consumption of gas. My present invention relates more
particularly to an improved construction of the said type of lamp having for its object
the minimising of the shadow cast by the upper part of the lamp so that when used in
a room the ceiling is lighted as well as the space around and beneath the lamp.
And in order that my said invention may be properly understood I will now
proceed more particularly to describe the same with reference to the annexed sheet of
illustrative drawings.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of my improved lamp.
Fig. 2 is a horizontal section at the line A. B. of the concentric tubes which serve
to admit the air and to carry off the products of combustion.
The lamp shown in the drawings is suspended from the ceiling by the tube a
which serves to admit gas to the burner b. The said burner is formed with
horizontal openings c through which the gas issues to be consumed in the form of a
flat disc shaped flame indicated by the dotted line d. The lower side of the flame
is supplied with air through the walls of the burner and through the bottom of the
lamp as clearly indicated by the arrows marked e. The construction of the burner b
forms however no part of my present invention, a full description of the con-
struction of the said burner. appearing in the specifications of my former Letters
Patent Nos. 7289 and 22998. Above the burner & I arrange two concentric tubes f
and g, which surround and enclose the gas inlet tube a for a portion of its length.
The outer larger tube f surrounds the inner smaller one g so as to leave an annular
space between the outer and inner tubes and the outer tube is connected to the
inner tube by means of horizontal cross tubes or flues which preserve the relative
positions of the two tubes. The outer tube f extends to about or only a short distance
above the top of the glass globe h, the said globe being supported from the burner b
on a gallery i and steadied by another gallery ; on the tube. The inner tube 9 is
prolonged upwards as shown and the foot is closed by a solid end k. The foot of
the tube is closed by a perforated partition 1 of thin sheet metal or wire gauze.
When the lamp is burning the heated products of combustion pass through the
horizontal cross tubes or flues & in the direction indicated by the arrows marked
into the inner tube g and thence escape to the atmosphere or to a ventilating shaft
when such is provided. The gas inlet tube a is thus heated and the temperature
of the gas supply is raised. The air to supply the upper side of the flame enters
m

page_text: the annular space between the tubes and g as indicated by the arrows marked n
and is heated in its downward course, partly by its contact with the tubes f and and
partly by impinging upon the horizontal cross tubes ... Upon reaching the foot
of the tube the air flows through the perforated partition and comes in contact
with the upper side of the flame in the manner shown. The comparatively small
diameter of the concentric regenerative tubes ƒ and g causes little or no shadow to be
thrown on the ceiling. Instead of using the burner as shown I might use an
inverted argand burner having vertical or horizontal gas efflux openings and with or
without a deflecting disc. I might however use any suitable burner, and instead of
leading the gas from above as shown I might lead the gas from beneath, so that the
lamp might be either suspended from the ceiling or supported upon a stand or
bracket.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
(1.) The general arrangement, construction, and combination of regenerative gas
lamp, substantially as herein before described and shown.
(2.) In regenerative gas lamps of the indicated nature the employment of concentric
tubes for removing the products of combustion and heating the inflowing air and gas,
the said concentric tubes being connected by horizontal cross tubes and made of such
relative proportions as not to cast a shadow upward substantially as described and
shown.
Dated this 28th dore of Fahruary 1887
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James's Square, Manchester,
Agents.