Improvements in Brake Apparatus for Cyoles.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Oct., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 7th Aug., 1896-Accepted, 7th Oct., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Brake Apparatus for Cyoles.
Wo, JACOB WEIL, of 91 Old Ford Road, Bethnal Green, in the County of
London, School Attendance Officer, and MORITZ WEIL, of 7 III IIohersteg
Strassburg, Elsace, Germany, Private Gentleman do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
'
This invention has reference to a construction of brake apparatus designed for
use in connection with a cycle the pedal or crank shaft of which is capable of being
turned or partly turned in a backward direction, independently of the toothed chain
or other driving mechanism when the cycle is running forward, the object being to
enable the brake to be readily brought into action, when desired, by merely back-
pedalling, that is to say by turning the crank shaft more or less in a backward
direction. For this purpose, a brake block or equivalent device is brought into
operation to act upon the chain wheel mounted on the crank shaft or upon some
other suitable rotating part of the cycle or its driving mechanism, by or through a
shaft, hereinafter called for distinction the brake shaft, that is adapted by suitable
means such as toothed wheels and a clutch to be placed in driving connection with
the crank shaft when the same 18 tuned in a backward duection, but to become
disconnected from such shaft when or soon after the same has commenced to rotate
in a forward direction.
In one arrangement of our brake apparatus, the brake block or its equivalent is
moved into its operative position by a rack in gear with a toothed wheel on the
brake shaft, and into its operative position by a spring. The brake shaft is
arranged parallel with the crank shaft which has in driving connection therewith
a toothed wheel in gear with another toothed wheel mounted upon the brake shaft
with which it is adapted to become engaged by means of a spring-catch on the one
engaging in one or other of a series of ratchet-like recesses in the other, or by
equivalent means, when the crank shaft is rotated in a backward du ection, but to
become disengaged from such brake shaft, when the crank shatt is turned in a
forward direction. The brake block may be arranged to be forced against tho
inner periphery of a rim or flange carried by the main chain wheel which is
arranged to be diven from the crank shaft only when such shaft is rotated in a
forward direction.
Brake apparatus according to this invention may advantageously be employed
in connection with driving mechanism for cycles of the kind described in the
Specification of the application for Patent No. 21220 of 1894.
Dated this 7th day of October 1895.

page_text: Improvements in Brake Apparatus for Cycles.
--
We, JACOB WEIL, of 91 Old Ford Road, Bethnal Green, in the County of
London, School Attendance Officer, and MORITZ WEIL, of 7 III Hobersteg
Strassburg, Elsace Germany, Private Gentleman do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and what manner the same 18 to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
This invention has reference to constructions of brake apparatus designed for use
in connection with a cycle the pedal or crank shaft of which is capable of being
turned or partly turned a backward direction, independently of the toothed
chain or other diving mechanism when the cycle 18 running forward, the object
being to enable the brake to be readily brought into action, when desired, by merely
back-pedalling, that it to say by turning the crank shaft more or less in a backward
direction.
For this purpose, a brake block or equivalent device is brought into operation
to act upon the chain wheel mounted on the crank shaft by or through a shaft, that
is adapted by suitable means such as toothed wheels and a clutch to be placed m
driving connection with the crank shaft when tho samo is turned in a backward
direction, but to become disconnected from such shaft when the same 18 rotated in a
forward direction.
In the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 is a side view, Fig. 2 a sectional elevation at right angles to Fig. 1, and
Fig. 3 a section on the line yy, of Fig. 2 showing an arrangement of our brake
apparatus applied to a cycle provided with driving mechanism of the kind described
in the Specification of former Letters Patent gianted to Jacob Weil No. 21220
of 1894.
Fig. 4 is a sectional detail view shewing a clutch.
The pedal or crank shaft 1 is capable of being partly turned in a backward
direction independently of the chain wheel 2 as described (for example) in the said
former specification. 3 is a seginental brake block carried by and adapted to bo
moved into contact with the inner periphery of the rim 2 of the sprocket wheel 2
by a inck 4 which is arranged to slide in a fixed gunde 4 on the crank bracket 4°
and is in gear with a toothed wheel 5 fixed on a brake shaft 6 arrauged parallel to
the crank shaft 1.
A spring 7 attached at one end to the crank bracket 4b and at the other to the
brake block 3 beives to normally retain this block in its inoperative position.
The brake block 3 inay conveniently be made of wood held in a bolder 3* fixed to
the rack 4.
The crank shaft has, in driving connection therewith, a toothed wheel 8 in gear
with another toothed wheel 9 (Fig. 4) that is mounted upon the brake shaft C aud
Is adapted to become engaged therewith by means of a spring catch 10 on the
brake-shaft engaging in one or other of a series of ratebet-like recesses 9* in the
wheel 9 when the crank shaft is rotated in a backward direction, but to become
disengaged from such brake shaft, when the crank shaft 18 turned in a forward
direction.
By this means it will be seen that when the crank shaft is partly rotated in a
backward direction, the brake block will come into driving connection with such
shaft by which it will be moved into the operative position to retard the motion of
the chain wheel and attached parts of the cycle, and upon the crank shaft being
again rotated in the forward direction, the brake block will be disconnected from
such shaft and returned into the inoj.ciative position by its spring 7.
Figs. 5 and 6 are similar views to Figs 2 and 3 respectively, shewing a modified
arrangement in which the crank shaft is employed also as the brake shaft, this

page_text: ariangement being specially suitable for use in cycles which are not provided with
driving mechanism of the kind described in the said former specification but in
which the crank shaft is to be nevertheless capable of backward rotary movement
independently.
In this case both the chain wheel 2 and the toothed wheel 5 are mounted directly
on the shaft 1 in a similar manner to that in which the wheel 9 is mounted on the
brake shaft 6 in the arrangement bereinbefore described with reference to and shown
in Fig. 4, but the spring catch 10* for the chain wheel 2 18 arranged to come into
driving connection with the end of one or other of the recesses 9 in the boss of
that wheel only when the crank shaft is rotated in a forward direction, whilst the
spring catch 10 for the toothed wheel 5 comes into driving connection with such
wheel only on the backward notation of the pedal crank, as in the first all angement
herein described. The toothed wheel 5 in this case 18 shown in gear with two
oppositely arranged 1acks 4 each carrying a brake block 3 adapted to be forced by
movement of the rack to frictional contact with the inner periphery 2 of the
cham wheel 2 as in the herem previously described at rangement
As will be readily understood, the degree of braking action exerted by the
friction block or blocks 3 on the chain wheel 2 can be readily varied to suit
requirement by varying the pressure on the pedals when back pedalling and upon
removing this pressure altogether the brake block or each brake block, when there
are two will be moved automatically into its inoperative position by the action of
its spring 7.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manuer the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim 1s:-
1. In a cycle of the kind herein referred to in which the crank shaft is adapted to
turn backward independently of the chain or other diving mechanism employed,
brake apparatus wherein a brake block is adapted to be brought by buck pedalling of
the crank shaft into operative connection with such shaft and to be forced thereby
into contact with the chain wheel mounted upon such shaft and to be moved
automatically into its inoperative position when such shaft is rotated in a forward
direction or when the backward pressure on the pedals is removed, substantially as
described.
2. Biake apparatus for cycles, consti ucted substantially as bei einbefore described
with reference respectively to and shewn in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, or modified as
described with reference to and shewn in Figs. 5 and 6, of the accompanying
drawings.
Awing.
Dated this 7th day of August 1896.
For the Applicant,
W. LLOYD WISE,
46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C, Chartered Patent Agent..