improvements in thе manuracture of rer пап
Year: 1897

page_text: improvements in thе manuracture of rer папите али що пау
THOMAS MARSDEN COCKROFT, of 67, Burley Lodge Terrace, Leeds, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
-
My invention relates to the manufacture of felt handles, and solid conical felts
direct from carded wool or other feltable fibres.
Hitherto said handles and felts have been made by cutting out same from sheet
felt and subsequently boreing and turning the pieces so cut to the desired shape and
size in a lathe. This process requires the felt to be made hard enough to admit
of manipulation by turning tools, and moreover, is very costly, because of the waste
turnings and boreings. By my improved process, I entirely obviate this waste and
produce the felts of any desired degree of hardness.
I will now proceed to describe my invention by the aid of the sheet of drawings
hereto annexed, in which corresponding letters denote corresponding parts in all
the figures.
Figs. 1, 2, and, 3, illustrate the process of making a handle with a closed end.
Figs. 4, 5, and 6, illustrate the process of making a handle with both ends open.
Figs. 7 and 8, illustrate the process of making a solid conical felt.
In carrying out my invention, I take a cylindrical indiarubber tube A, I wind
carded wool B around tube A into the shape shewn in Fig. 2; I now bind wool B
by winding around same a woollen thread C shewn in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 shews a cylindrical rubber tube 1 open at both ends, the wool B is
wound round said tube in the manner shewn in Fig. 5, and is bound into shape as
shewn by thread C.
Fig. 7, illustrates the manner of making a solid conical felt, by winding wool B
upon itself into shape shewn in Fig. 7, and by binding by thread C to give cohesion
to the wool fibres.
I now apply to the wool covered forms as shewn in Figs. 2, 5, and 7, a soapy
solution, and enclose a gross or more of them in a rotating barrel, having inwardly
projecting shelves, said barrel by its rotation changes the respective positions of
the numerous wool covered forms, and the friction set up by the rubbing of said
forms one against the other, "hardens" the wool covered forms uniformly over
their entire surfaces.
When the herein before described forms have been under treatment for five or
six hours in said barrel, it will be found that they will approximately retain their
shapes under subsequent "milling" which may be in any well known manner,
but I prefer to "mill" said handles and the like by enclosing them in woollen bags
and submitting them whilst so enclosed to treatment in a pair of stocks, until they
acquire the desired hardness, or closeness of texture.
The indiarubber tubes A and D may now be withdrawn and the finished handles
and the like, will appear as illustrated in Figs. 3, 6 and 8 respectively.
Dated thin the 30th dow of Antil 1897

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Felt Handles and the like.
THOMAS MARSDEN COCKROFT, of 67, Burley Lodge Terrace, Leeds, Felt
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
My invention relates to the manufacture of felt handles and solid conical felts,
direct from carded wool, or other feltable fibres.
Hitherto said handles and felts have been made by cutting out same from sheet
felt and subsequently boring and turning the pieces so cut to the desired shape and
size in a lathe. This process requires the felt to be made hard enough to admit of
manipulation by turning tools; and moreover is very costly, because of the waste
turnings and borings.
By my improved process, I entirely obviate this waste and produce felts of any
desired degree of hardness.
I will now proceed to describe my invention by the aid of the sheet of drawings
filed with my Provisional Specification, in which corresponding letters denote
corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figs. 1, 2 and 3 illustrate the process of making a handle with a closed end.
Figs. 4, 5 and 6 illustrate the process of making a handle with both ends open.
Figs. 7 and 8, illustrate the process of making a solid conical felt.
In carrying out my invention, I take a cylindrical indiarubber tube A, but a
solid cylinder may be employed in the handle with a closed end as shewn in
Figs. 1 and 2 and both tube A, and solid cylinder are hereinafter referred to as
cylinder A. I now wind carded wool B around cylinder A into the shape shewn in
Fig. 2.
I bind wool B together by winding around same a woollen thread C in the
manner shewn in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 shews a cylinder D), preferable of indiarubber and open at both ends, the
wool B is wound around said cylinder D in the manner shewn in Fig. 5, and is
bound into shape as indicated by thread C.
Fig. 7, illustrates the manner of making a solid conical felt by winding wool B
upon itself into shape shewn in Fig. 7, and by binding by thread C to give cohesion
to the wool fibres B.
I now apply to the wool covered forms as shewn in Figs. 2, 5, and 7, a soapy
solution and enclose a gross of said forms (a gross more or less according to the
capacity of the hereinafter mentioned barrel) within a rotating barrel, having
inwardly projecting shelves, said barrel by its rotation, and the alternate lodgement
and ejectment of said forms from the shelves, changes the respective positions of
the numerous wool covered forms within the barrel, and the friction and heat
set up by the rubbing and falling of said forms one against the other "hardens"
the wool fibres uniformly over their entire surfaces.
When the herein before described forms have been under treatment for five or
six hours by slow rotation within said barrel, it will be found that they will
approximately retain their shape and contour under subsequent "milling" which
may be in any well known manner, but I prefer to "mill" said handles and the
like by enclosing them in woollen bags and submitting them whilst so enclosed to
treatment (in baulk) in fulling stocks until they acquire the desired hardness or
closeness of texture; after which process, cylinder A may be withdrawn.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. The process of manufacturing tubular felts by winding carded wool B, upon

page_text: "
a cylinder A or D, binding said wool together by threads C, "hardening" said
forms in a rotating barrel, and subsequently "milling same in fulling stocks,
substantially as herein illustrated and described.
2. The process of manufacturing solid conical felts by winding wool B upon
itself, binding same by thread C," "hardening" said forms in a rotating barrel,
and subsequently "milling same in fulling stocks, substantially as herein
described and illustrated in Fig. 7 and 8.
"
Dated this the Thirty-first day of January 1898.
THOMAS MARSDEN COCKROFT.