Provisions or Analogous Matters
Year: 1885

page_text: Provisions or Analogous Matters."
I JOHN HENRY JOHNSON of 47 Lincoln's Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for IMPROVED
MEANS FOR THE PRESERVATION OF STORED OR PACKED PROVISIONS OR ANALOGOUS
MATTERS " which Invention has been communicated to me from abroad by Gustav
Ripberger of the City of Dresden in the Kingdom of Saxony and Empire of
Germany Chemist, to be as follows:--
It is well known to be extremely difficult to protect the large quantities or stores
of provisions or the like which it is necessary to provide for various purposes (such
for example as for military or naval purposes) against injurious influences for a
long period, even if such provisions or the like consist of thoroughly baked and
therefore comparatively dry goods.
Moisture, deposit and spreading of fungi spores microbes, calander (Calandra
grandria) and other vermin are known to be destructive agents in this respect.
It has been proposed to protect provisions during storage either by the exclusion
of air or by removing the provisions from the boxes or receptacles periodically and
dusting or cleaning them.
The object of this Invention is to provide efficient means by which vermin or
injurious germs are entirely removed from both outside or inside of the provisions
or the like at the same time affording perfect security against subsequent injury to
the provisions or the like by vermin moisture or other injurious agency.
According to this invention the air is not excluded from the provisions or the
like but on the contrary means are provided for enabling the air to reach the pro-
visions or the like in a filtered state or condition and the filtering medium employed
and the walls of the receptacles of the provisions or the like are used as a protection
against the approach of vermin and other injurious agencies by treating such filter
and walls as hereinafter described.
The method and materials employed do not injure the provisions or the like or
the consumers thereof.

page_text: In carrying out this Invention the receptacles for the provisions that is to say,
sacks, casks, barrels or boxes of wood or tin or the like are lined inside with fibres
(preferably cotton wool) impregnated as hereinafter described.
This application of impregnated fibres is preferably effected by means of double
sacks if sacks be the receptacles employed for the provisions. If boxes casks or
the like be employed the impregnated fibres may conveniently be put on the inside
of the receptacles and is then covered with coarse fabric or paste board or glazed
board or veneer. All receptacles made of wood will offer ready access for the air
by means of the joints which generally increase in width during long storage. If
the joints in such receptacles be very close or but very slightly, open holes may be
bored in the top, bottom, or sides of such receptacles. If such receptacles be made of
tin or other metal, the walls tops or bottoms may be pierced, all such holes or joints
being covered inside by the bereinbefore mentioned impregnated fibre. If baked
provisions be packed for storage in a warm condition or state and a change of
temperature takes place within the receptacles the outer air will enter into the
receptacle; but this outer air which would otherwise carry the destructive germs
to the provisions. in the form of fungi, spores, microbes or the like will be perfectly
filtered by means of the layer of impregnated fibre and will come in contact with
the provisions only in its filtered state.
The impregnation of the fibrous layer and of the material used for construction
of the receptacles (for example sackclothes or wood) will further-more prevent the
grub of the Tinea granella and mites, known as the most destructive agent of
military and naval provisions from penetrating the impregnated layers and reaching.
the provisions. As these insects and vermin have a disgust or aversion against
bitter substances and salt it is preferred to use for impregnation of the layer and
receptacles a liquor, composed of such substances. A liquor prepared as follows is
suited for the purpose.
10 parts by weight of castor-leafs (Folia Ricini)
10 parts by weight of laurel leaves (Folia Lauri)
10 parts by weight of threeleaf leaves (Folia Trifolii)
5 parts by weight of green walnut shell (Cortex Nucum Juglandii)
5 parts by weight of gentian root (Radix Gentianae)
are taken and cut or divided and 150 parts by weight of water in a boiling state
is poured on them and the whole is allowed to stand in a closed vessel for about an
hour. The extractive or solution thus obtained is afterwards filtered through
woollen bags or other suitable filters and then 15 parts by weight of common salt
are dissolved in it.
This liquor is used at a temperature of about 122° Fahrenheit to impregnate the
aforesaid fibrous layer, used as the filtering medium, or to impregnate sackcloth or
the equivalent such as ready made sacks which it is preferred to use without scams.
The surplus liquor is removed which may be effected by passing the cotton or sack
cloth or sacks or the like through a wringing machine and they are afterwards
dried.
The material used, (such as wood for example) for constructing the receptacles.is'
impregnated by immerging it in the liquor at about 122° Fahrenheit or by treating.
it with the said liquor by means of any well known or suitable means for effecting
impregnation.
Carriages for transport or wood for building up temporary storage houses will be
sufficiently treated by a double wash with the boiling liquor.
In dressing sacks for the above mentioned purpose to make them suitable for
receiving and preserving provisions the following may be the procedure.
The impregnated sack is lined inside by a layer of impregnated fibres of about
of an inch thick and a second sack, not impregnated and preferably without
seams, is inserted into the lined outer sack. It may be well to stitch these 3 layers
together, but it will suffice in some cases to stitch the layer of impregmated fibre to
the outer or to the inner sack or to attach it thereto in any other suitable way.

page_text: The inside sack is made so much shorter than the outer sack with the fibrous
layer as will suffice to afford material at top to effect the closure of the sack for
which purpose it is preferred to use a short cylinder of wood impregnated in
the liquor and covered with impregnated fibres. Against this cylinder the top
of the outer sack with its layer of fibres is bound and it is preferred to provide a
sufficiently deep horizontal groove in the wooden cylinder for receiving the folds of
the outer sack and the sack can be closed by means of string or the like. The
provisions, enclosed in this sack, will be protected against all outer injurious
influences.
In using boxes, casks or. other wooden receptacles, the inside of the walls at the
sides top and bottom thereof are covered with a layer of impregnated fibres the said
layer being fastened to the walls by a diluted solution of glue. This layer of fibres
is covered with paste board; glazed board, sackcloths or veneer, which are fastened
by nails or any other suitable means. The portions of the cover forming the closing
parts receive layers of impregnated fibres only so that in closing the receptacle
fibre will join on fibre thus to secure a continuous surface of impregnated fibre.
In storing baked provisions for military naval or other purposes it is preferred to
store them in the receptacles whilst the provisions are still in a warm condition
and immediately after to close the receptacles in order to withdraw the provisions
as quickly as possible after leaving the oven from the influence of the atmosphere.
In using carriages for transport which are fitted in the above described manner
it is preferred to provide all joining or closing faces with tongue and groove joints
and to insert a loose plaite of impregnated fibre into the groove. In these carriages
the loose cooled provisions (such as bread, biscuits, lard or others) is tightly stored
and the cover of the carriage is closed by wedges, bars or other fastenings.
Although in the foregoing description the new method of packing and storing
has been described as especially employed for preserving military and naval pro-
visions, it is evident that nearly all other eatables seeds grains and grocers and
druggists wares or stores or other matter liable to like injury may be permanently
preserved and stored in the described manner against any outer injurious influences.
Although the above named substances for producing the impregnating liquor have
proved to give good results, the use of other organic bitter substances is not
excluded and may be used, without departing from the nature of this invention.
There is no necessity for handling the provisions during any period or length of
storage. Therefore there will be no loss by breakage or otherwise. The receptacles
may be closely stored, therefore in a given space in using the above described
method of packing, larger quantities may be stored than heretofore. The aforesaid
method will insure preservative storage the proper keeping of provisions in a fit
state for use for food or other purpose.

page_text: Improved Means for the Preservation of Stored or Packed
Provisions or Analogous Matters.
I JOHN HENRY JOHNSON of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of said invention for "IMPROVED MEANS
FOR THE PRESERVATION OF STORED OR PACK ED PROVISIONS OR ANALOGOUS
MATTERS," which invention has been communicated to une from abroad by Gustav
Ripberger of the City of Dresden in the Kingdom of Saxony and Empire of
Germany Chemist, and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
It is well known to be extremely difficult to protect the large quantities or stores
of provisions or the like which it is necessary to provide for various purposes (such
for example as for military or naval purposes) against injurious influences for a
long period, even if such provisions or the like consist of thoroughly baked, and
therefore comparatively dry, goods.
Moisture, deposit and spreading of fungi, spores, microbes, and calander,
(Calandra grand ria) and other vermin are known to be destructive agents in this
respect.
It has been proposed to protect provisions during storage either by the exclusion
of air or by removing the provisions from the boxes or receptacles periodically and
dusting or cleaning them.
The object of this Invention is to provide efficient means by which vermin or
injurious germs are entirely removed from both outside or inside of the provisions
or the like at the same time affording perfect security against subsequent injury
to the provisions or the like by vermin moisture or other injurious agency.
a
According to this invention the air is not excluded from the provisions or the
like but on the contrary means are provided for enabling the air to reach the
provisions or the like in a filtered state or condition and the filtering medium
employed and the walls of the receptacles of the provisions or the like are used as
a protection against the approach of vermin and other injurious agencies by
treating such filter and walls as hereinafter described.
The method and materials employed do not injure the provisions or the like or
the consumers thereof.
In carrying out this Invention the receptacles for the provisions that is to say
sacks, casks, barrels, or boxes, of wood, or tin, or the like are lined inside with
fibres (preferably cotton wool) which may be impregnated as hereinafter described.
This application of fibres or of impregnated fibres is preferably effected by means
of double sacks, if sacks be the receptacles employed for the provisions. If boxes
casks or the like be employed the fibres may conveniently be put on the inside of
the receptacles and be then covered with coarse fabric or paste board or glazed
board or vencer.

page_text: All receptacles made of wood will offer ready access for the air by means of the
joints which generally increase in width during long storago If the joints in such
receptacles be very close, or but very slightly open, holes may be bored in the top
bottom or sides of such receptacles. If such receptacles be made of tin or other
metal the walls tops or bottoms may be pierced all such holes or joints being
covered inside by the herein before mentioned fibre.
.
If baked provisions be packed for storage in a warm condition or state and a
change of temperature take place within the receptacles the outer air will enter
into the receptacle, but this outer air which would otherwise carry the destructive
germs to the provisions in the form of fungi, spores, microbes, or the like may, be
perfectly filtered by means of the layer of fibre and will come in contact with the
provisions only in its filtered state.
The impregnation of the fibrous layer and of the material used for the con-
struction of the receptacles (for example sackclothes or wood) will furthermore
prevent the grub of the Tinea-granella and mites, known as the most destructive
agent of military and naval provisions, from penetrating the impregnated layers
or walls and reaching the provisions. As these insects and vermin have a disgust
of or aversion to bitter substances and salt it is preferred to use for the
impregnation of the fibres and receptacles a solution of such substances. A liquor
prepared as follows is suited for the purpose.
10 parts by weight of castor-leaves (Folia Ricini)
10 parts by weight of laurel-leaves (Folia Lauri)
5
10
บ
"
13
"
"
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"
"
"
"
5
three-leaf-leaves (Folia Trifolii)
>> green walnut shell (Cortex Nucum Inglandii)
gentian root (Radix Gentianae)
are taken and cut or divided and 150 parts by weight of water in a boiling state
is poured on them and the whole is allowed to stand in a closed vessel for about
an hour. The extractive or solution thus obtained is afterwards filtered through
woollen bags or other suitable filters and then 15 parts by weight of common salt
are dissolved in it.
This liquor is used at a temperature of about 122° Fahrenheit to impregnate the
aforesaid fibrous layer used as the filtering medium or to impregnate sackcloth or
the equivalent such as ready made sacks which it is preferred to use without
seams. The surplus liquor is removed which may be effected by passing the
cotton or sackcloth or sacks or the like through a wringing machine and they are
afterwards dried.
The material used (such as wood for example) for constructing the receptacles is
impregnated by immerging it in the liquor at about 122° F or by treating it with
the said liquor by means of any well known or suitable means for effecting
impregnation.
Carriages for transport or wood for building up temporary storage houses will
be sufficiently treated by a double wash with the boiling liquor.
In dressing sacks for the above mentioned purpose to make them suitable for
receiving and preserving provisions the following may be the procedure, but I do
not of course limit myself to it; I give it merely as an example of how the
Invention may be satisfactorily performed.
The impregnated sack is lined inside by a layer of impregnated fibres of
about of an inch thick and a second sack, not impregnated and preferably
without seams, is inserted into the lined outer sack. It may be well to stitch
these three layers together, but it will suffice in some cases to stitch the layers of
impregnated fibre to the outer or to the inner sack or to attach it thereto in any
other suitable way.
The inside sack is made so much shorter than the outer sack with the fibrous
layer as will suffice to afford material at top to effect the closure of the sack for
which purpose it is preferred to-use a short cylinder of wood impregnated in the

page_text: liquor and covered with impregnated fibres. Against this cylinder the top of the
outer sack with its layer of fibres is bound and it is preferred to provide. a
sufficiently deep horizontal groove in the wooden cylinder for receiving the folds of
the outer sack and the sack can be closed by means of string or the like. The
provisions enclosed in this sack will be protected against all outer injurious
influences.
In using boxes casks or other wooden receptacles the inside of the walls at the
sides top and bottom thereof are covered with a layer of impregnated fibres the
said layer being fastened to the walls by a diluted solution of glue. This layer of
fibres is covered with paste-board, glazed-board, sackcloths, or veneer which are
fastened by nails or any other suitable means. The portions of the cover forming
the closing parts receive layers of impregnated fibres only so that in closing the
receptacle fibre will join on fibre, thus to secure a continuous surface of
impregnated fibre.
in storing baked provisions for military naval or other purposes it is preferred to
store them in the receptacles whilst the provisions are still in a warm condition and
immediately after to close the receptacles in order to withdraw the provisions as
quickly as possible after leaving the oven from the influence of the atmosphere.
In using carriages for transport which are fitted in the above described manner,
it is preferred to provide all joining or closing faces with tongue and groove joints
and to insert a loose plait of impreguated fibre into the groove. In these
carriages, the loose cooled provisions (such as bread, biscuits, lard or others) are
tightly stored and the cover of the carriage is closed by wedges bars or other
fastenings.
Although in the foregoing description, the new method of packing and storing
has been described as especially employed for preserving military and naval
provisions, it is evident that nearly all other eatables, seeds, grains, and Grocers'
and Druggists' wares or Stores or other matter liable to like injury may be
permanently preserved and stored in the described manner against any outer
injurious influences. Although the above named substances for producing the
impregnating liquor have proved to give good results, the use of other organic
bitter substances is not excluded and may be used without departing from the
nature of this Invention.
There is no necessity for handling the provisions during any period or length of
storage; therefore, there will be no loss by breakage or otherwise. The receptacles
may be closely stored, in a given space therefore in using the above described
method of packing, larger quantities may be stored than heretofore. The aforesaid
method of preservative storage will ensure the proper keeping of provisions in a fit
state for use for food or other purpose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First. The hereinbefore described means for protecting and preserving provisions
or analogous matters against noxious or injurious influences consisting in storing
such provisions or analogous matters without the exclusion of air in sacks boxes or
other receptacles, lined with cotton wool or other fibrous material constituting a
filtering agent which will intercept injurious germs or influences, substantially as
hereinbefore described.
Second. The herein before described means for protecting and preserving provisions
or analogous matters against noxious or injurious influences, consisting in storing
such provisions or analogous matters, without the exclusion of air, in sacks boxes
or other receptacles, constructed of or lined with a filtering medium, impregnated
with matter, which will intercept, repel or destroy injurious germs or influences,
whether or not the material of such receptacles be also impregnated with similar
substances, substantially as herein before described.

page_text: Third. Receptacles for storing and preserving provisions and analogous matters,
consisting of a casing or container, lined with cotton wool or other fibrous material,
such as will intercept injurious germs or influences substantially as hereinbefore
described.
Fourth. Receptacles for storing and preserving provisions and analogous matters
consisting of a casing or container, impregnated with matter, which will intercept,
repel or destroy injurious germs or influences, or provided with a lining or layers
of cotton wool or other fibrous material so impregnated, or both substantially as
hereinbefore described.