IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO RIVETING MACHINES, PARTS OF WHICH INVENTION ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO PUNCHING AND OTHER MACHINERY."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Shewell, of Darlington, in the County of Durham,
for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO RIVETING
MACHINES, PARTS OF WHICH INVENTION ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO PUNCHING
AND OTHER MACHINERY."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Shewell at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th February 1880.
JOSEPH SHEWELL, of Darlington, in the County of Durham.
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN AND APPERTAINING TO RIVETING MACHINES, PARTS OF WHICH INVENTION ARE
ALSO APPLICABLE TO PUNCHING AND OTHER MACHINERY."
This Invention consists in improvements on the ordinary mechanical rivetting
machines, with the objects of making them more generally useful, and of preventing
breakage from accidental excessive strain.
First. Girder flanges and others where angle iron is employed are very troublesome
to rivet in the ordinary machine; I therefore place a socket or slide or their
equivalent in the frame above or near to the ram head, and when awkward flanges
have to be rivetted place a stout yoke or arm fitting in said socket or slide, and in
the socket which ordinarily receives the stationary die. A socket in this yoke also
fits the ram head. On a projecting arm of this yoke, and an abutment opposite,
are fixed the two rivetting dies; the ram then instead of directly actuating the
rivetting die pushes forward the yoke or arm sliding parallel in the aforesaid sockets
or slides, and thus brings the die on the yoke forward and opposite to the die on the
abutment, and the rivet between them is clenched. This yoke can be taken off
and re-adjusted in a few minutes.
Second. As in ordinary machines great care is required in adjusting the "reach"
of the stroke for each different thickness of iron operated upon, and if such
thickness be exceeded, or a hammer or steel bar be inserted between the dies, the
machine must jamb or break. I place my crank or eccentric shaft driving the
ram in sliding bearings, and place a heavy weighted lever against said bearings,
so that they shall be held to their work with sufficient force to rivet, but are free
to move back by raising the weights, and thus adjust the machine for varying
thicknesses of iron, and prevent accident if the machine is gagged inadvertently, or
by design,

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Joseph Shewell in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd August
1880.
JOSEPH SHEWELL, of Darlington, in the County of Durham.
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN AND APPERTAINING TO RIVETING MACHINES, PARTS OF WHICH INVENTION ARE
ALSO APPLICABLE TO PUNCHING AND OTHER MACHINERY."
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of the machine for ordinary boiler work; Fig. 2,
plan of same; Fig. 3. back elevation of same; Fig. 4, section through X, X, Fig. 2;
Fig. 5, partial elevation showing modification or attachment for riveting girder
flanges; Fig. 6, abutment for same.
This Invention consists in certain improvements in mechanical riveting machines,
that is to say, in machines in which the ram is actuated directly by mechanical
means, as distinct from being actuated by steam, water, or other pressure. In
mechanical riveters as hitherto made there is no adequate provision for automatically
regulating the length of the stroke, or preventing breakage if the machine should
be gagged or unable to make its full traverse from accident or otherwise, excepting
arrangements of springs, crushing pieces, et cetera, which are uncertain and
inconvenient in their action. There is also great difficulty in the machines
hitherto made in riveting the flanges of girders and similar constructions, and a
separate machine is often used for such work...
In my Invention instead of applying springs or crushers I place the bearings
which carry the shaft on which is the crank, cam, or eccentric for actuating the
ram, between guides or motion bars, the said guides being arranged radially or
tangentially with regard to the centre of the pinion driving the cam shaft, the said
bearings being prevented from moving backward when the cam exerts its thrust
by a weighted lever, which keeps the bearings in their most forward position with
sufficient power to closo the rivets. The weight on the lever can bo regulated
according to the amount of pressure required to close various sized rivets.
The action of the machine is as follows:-
The steel dies being adjusted in length to close rivets in the minimum thickness
of iron likely to be used, the work to be riveted is introduced in any usual way,
and if the adjustment of the dies be exact no movement of the bearings in their
guides takes place; if, however, during the work extra thicknesses of iron require
riveting as at stiffeners, covers, or additional plies of plates in girders, the length
of forward thrust of the ram is determined by the thickness of iron placed between
the dies, and as the cam still makes its full throw the cam shaft bearings move
back in their guides the samo distance that the ram is prevented from moving
forwards, the lever being thrust back, and the weights raised; as the cam continues
its revolution and begins the backward stroke the lever keeps the dies pressed up
until the bearings aro in full forward position again. (The dies may thus be made
to dwell on their stroke, an advantage claimed for hydraulic machines.) The length
of the dies requires no adjustment unless the difference in the thicknesses to be
riveted is so considerable a portion of the stroke as to become inconvenient.
In the same way if a bar of steel, piece of iron, or any projection on the work
should accidentally or purposely be placed between the dies the cam shaft will
move backwards in its guides far enough to accommodate the unusual thickness
introduced, without throwing more than the previously determined strain upon
the machine, and will return to its ordinary position when the obstruction is
removed.
This improved mechanism is shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4. In these A, A, are
the dies; B, abutment; C, ram sliding in bearings D in frame E; F, yoke, in
which slides sideblock G, G, round crank pin or eccentric H of main shaft I;
T T konning af main
17 T Jan

page_text: oscillating on fulcrum M, and connected at its lower extremity by means of para
with a weight, tending to keep the lever constantly pressing against the bearings J, J.
This lever can be made longer at its lower end so as to avoid having so heavy a
weight. The weight can be attached to it by a chain hanging over a pulley to the
back, or by links in any convenient way to suit the position where the machine is
erected; P, P, are spur gearing connecting shaft I with the driving shaft Q.
Girder flanges and others where angle iron is employed are very troublesome to
rivet in the ordinary machine; I therefore place a socket or slide or their equivalent
in the frame above or near to the ram head, and when awkward flanges have to
be riveted place a stout yoke or arm fitting in said socket or slide, and in the
Bocket which ordinarily receives the stationary die. A socket in this yoke also fits
the ram head. On a projecting arm of this yoke, and an abutment opposito, aro
fixed the two riveting dies; the ram then instead of directly actuating the riveting
die pushes forward the yoke or arm sliding parallel in the aforesaid sockots or
slides, and thus brings the dio on the yoke forward and opposite to the die on the
abutment, and the rivet between them is clenched. This yoke can be taken off
and re-adjusted in a few minutes.
Figs. 5 and 6 show this modification. In these R is the yoke or arm; S, extra
sockets or slides; T, projecting arm; A, A, dies; B, abutment; C, ram of ordinary
machine, upon which yoke R is socketed; U, girder being riveted.
Having now described my Invention, and the best mode known to me of
carrying it into effect, I wish it to be understood that what I believe to be new and
desire to protect under the hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patont is,-
First. The manufacture and use of riveting machines in which a weighted bar or
lever presses against the bearings of the shaft, driving the ram in such manner that
if an extra thickness of metal or other obstruction come between the dies the lever
will raise the weight, and give way sufficiently to allow for the extra thickness,
and yet press with its accustomed force upon the rivet, riveting the extra thickness
without special manual adjustment.
Second. The special arrangement or combination of ram (C), yoke (F),
slideblock (G), pin (H), bearings (J), and lever (L), substantially as and for the
purposes described.
Third. The addition to a riveting machine of a yoke or framework sliding in
guides or otherwise, free to move only in a direction parallel to the axis of the ram,
5 and by which it is propelled, provided with a projecting arm working a dio or tool
towards an abutment in a position where the work can be conveniently placed
between them, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Shewell, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Eighteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
Li hundred and eighty
Witness,
HENRY YATES,
Patent Office of
Wm. P. Thompson, & Co.,
6, Lord Street,
Liverpool.
JOSEPH SHEWELL. (L.B.)