IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARDS FOR CARDING
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Armand Gilbee, trading under the Name
or Style of L. de Fontainemoreau, of the General Patent Office,
4, South Street, Finsbury, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE
MANUFACTURE OF CARDS FOR CARDING."-A communication from abroad
by Charles Justin Deblon, of Lille, in the Empire of France.
Scaled the 4th December 1868, and dated the 22nd June 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Armand Gilbee
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 22nd June 1868.
I, WILLIAM ARMAND GILBEE, trading under the Name or Style of
L. de Fontainemoreau, of the General Patent Office, 4, South Street,
Finsbury, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARDS FOR CARDING," to be as follows,
that is to say:-
The Invention consists in an improved construction of machine or
apparatus for making cards for carding by which a greater amount of
product is obtained than by the ordinary machinery.

page_text: This improved machine instead of having one cutter, one doubler, two
guides for the iron wire, one piston or pusher, and one ring binder, is
constructed with several cutters, doublers, guides, and pistons in suffi-
cient number and so arranged as to allow of a row of iron-wire teeth
being presented by means of moveable pincers to the cutters, being
cut thereby, doubled by the doublers, and directed or conducted into
the holes made in in the band of leather or india-rubber by prickers
which are fixed on one piece, and which make all the holes on one
row at one operation by the guides, and forced into the band by the
pistons, which force them in thoroughly so as to allow the bender to
bend down all the teeth at one stroke and at the same height. Thus
this machine cuts, doubles, forces in, and bends down a row of teeth on
a plate or band in a card at cach revolution of the driving shaft of the
machine.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Armand Gilbee in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 22nd December 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
ARMAND GILBEE, trading under the Name or Style of L. de Fontaine
Moreau, of the General Patent Office, 4, South Strect, Finsbury, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said William Armand Gilbee, Her special
licence that I, the said William Armand Gilbee, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Armand
Gilbee, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Iи-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARDS FOR

page_text: CARDING," (a communication from abroad by Charles Justin Deblon,
of Lille, in the Empire of France,) upon the condition: (amongst
others) that I, the said William Armand Gilbee, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,. or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Armand Gilbee, do hereby.
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawings
hereto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is:
to say:-
This Invention consists in an improved construction of machine or
apparatus for making cards for carding by which a greater amount of
product is obtained than by the ordinary machinery, a whole row of teeth
being made and inserted in a sheet or band of leather or india-rubber at
each revolution of the driving shaft of the machine.
This improved machine is constructed with several cutters, doublers,
guides, and pushers in sufficient number and arranged so as to allow
of the iron wire being presented by means of moveable nippers to the
cutters, and after being cut thereby, then doubled by the doublers, and
directed or conducted into the holes (made in the band of leather or
india-rubber by prickers, which are fixed on one piece, and which make
all the holes in one row at one operation) by the guides, and forced into
the band by the pushers, which force them in thoroughly so as to allow
the bender to bend down all the teeth at one stroke and to the same
angle. Thus this machine cuts, doubles, perforates, forces in, and bends
down a row of teeth in a sheet or band of card at each revolution of the
driving shaft of the machine.
The combination of mechanism of which this machine is composed
produces ten distinct or separate movements, videlicet:-
Firstly. The movement of the card frame or to-and-fro motion of the
leather or india-rubber band carrier.
Secondly. The movement of the pricker or piercer, which is composed

page_text: of an iron bar provided with needles placed horizontally, which needles
make the holes for receiving the iron-wire teeth.
Thirdly. The movement of the nippers which carry the iron wire from
the wire carriers and take it to the doublers.
Fourthly. The movement of the wire carriers producing the first
passage of the iron wire coming from the bobbin.
Fifthly. The movement of the doublers which open and close to bend
and nip the iron wire into form.
Sixthly. The movement of the cutters or shears which come forward
to cut the iron wire.
Seventhly. The movement of the inserting or sticking-in mechanism,
consisting of several guides equal in number to that of the teeth necés-
sary to form a complete row of teeth in a sheet, or in several card
bands, and which guides move and double the iron wire, and bring it
formed into teeth into the holes made by the prickers.
Eighthly. The movement of the pushers which force the teeth thoroughly
into the leather or india-rubber band.
Ninthly. The movement of the bender, consisting of a steel blade,
which at one stroke bends the whole row of teeth which are forced into
the leather band.
Tenthly. The movement of the ratchet wheel which raises the manu-
factured card in proportion as it is made.
I will now describe the Invention by reference to the accompanying
Drawings, by which, aided by the description, the different movements of
the machine and the different mechanism of which it is composed, as.
also the working of its various parts, will be better understood.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1, Sheet 1, and Figure 2, Sheet 2, represent front and back
elevations of a machine for teething sheets or bands of cards; Figure 3,
Sheet 3, plan of the same; Figure 4, Sheet 4, and Figure 5, Sheet 5, side 3
elevations of the same. In all the views sections are given to render the
Drawings more easy of comprehension. Similar letters of reference are
used in all the Drawings to represent similar parts.
A, motive shaft carrying two cams working the inserting mechanism
and the cam for working the screw of the inserting apparatus; 3

page_text: B, B', fixed and loose pulleys for putting the driving band in and out of
gear; C, brass wheel with angle (à chevron) toothed wheels giving
motion to the fly wheel; D, fly wheel with brass pinion adhering,
attached thereto, and turning loosely on its axis; E, fixed stud on which
the fly wheel revolves; F, vertical shaft taking its motion from the
motive shaft by means of a bevil pinion; G, horizontal shaft taking
its motion from the shaft F and carrying the two cage levers (leviers
à cage) a' and a to give motion to the bender; H, I, lower shafts
carrying four cams for working the cutter shear bars as also the two
cams for the raising motion of the doubling bars and two other cams
for working the pricker bar; I, upper transverse shaft on which is a cam
for the lever of the wire feeders and a cam for the motion which forces
the pricker into the leather or india-rubber sheet or bands; J, endless
screw worked by the main shaft by pinions and ', which screw works
the cleat wheel of the card frame.
INSERTING OR STICKING MECHANISM.
K, cage rack receiving motion from the main shaft and working the
shaft of the pinions j, j', for effecting the motion of the inserting
apparatus; L, iron rectangular picce having on each side a rack k, k',
also carrying the guides 1, 1, ", the pushers m, m', m", two small slide
bearings n, n, and a spring o pressing continuously on the axis of the
pushers. The racks k, k', receive their motion from the pinions j, j¹.
M, iron cap covering the guides and the pushers; N, N', N", N, cleat
and slide doubler carrier bars for the opening and closing of the doublers;
0, 0, 0, 0, doublers with their rods and cleats for opening and
closing them; P, P', caps forming two slides, one for the motion of the
rectangular piece and the other for that of the doublers; R, slide pieces
uniting on each side the four doubler carrier bars and serving to bring
them back into their recoil movement while leaving each of them in
their respective positions; S, cage rods serving to raise the doubler
carrier bar.

page_text: This Carrying the wire.
BENDING MECHANISM.
25. Two square-headed rods taking their motion from the lower levers
and sliding in the cross bar of the buffer.
20. Two sliders held fast by two pressure screws.
27. Thin toothed steel blade held by two sliders.
BUFFER MECHANISM.
28. Iron buffer with a raised hook serving to hold the leather when
the pricker presses upon it. This buffer is provided with two guide
slides and screws which serve to fix it when regulated; the regulation
is effected by two set screws according to the thickness of the leather.
29. Upper horizontal shaft working by hand by means of a handle for
regulating the buffer.
30. Two vertical screws taking their motion from the horizontal shaft
by two bevil pinions; they serve to regulate the vertical position of the.
cross piece.
31. Cast-iron cross piece carrying the buffer.
CARD-FRAME MECHANISM.
32. Wheel with irregular keys taking its motion from the endless
screw shaft J.
33. T-piece provided with a roller which presses continuously on the
keys of the wheel so as to give a horizontal to-and-fro motion to the
card frame.
34. Spring forcing the roller to press on the wheel 32.
35. Upper (pentor) card frame sliding in two grooves formed in the
two branches of the lower (pentor) card frame.
36. Lower pentor card frame sliding vertically in two grooves
formed in the two uprights of the main framework of the machine.
37. Screw serving to separate the two (pentors) card frames for the
tension of the leather or india-rubber.
38. Iron cross piece serving to tie the two branches of the lower
(pentor) card frame.

page_text: 39. Cross piece with projections (à grain d'orge) serving to support
the lower card frame and sliding with it vertically in the grooves of the
framing.
40. Cage lever takings its motion on the motive shaft and acting on a
ratchet.
41. Ratchet adhering to a loose wheel mounted on a fixed axle in the
framing of the machine.
42. Horizontal shaft taking its motion from the ratchet wheel by
means of a pinion keyed on to it; it may also be worked by hand by
means of a crank handle.
43. Two vertical screws serving to raise and lower the whole of the
two card frames by means of the two screw nuts fixed in the cross piece
with projections, and receiving their motion from the horizontal shaft 42
by means of two pairs of bevil pinions.
It will be readily understood that sheets of card may be made from the
smallest to the greatest length and a greater or less number of bands by
placing them side by side either on the same piece of leather or several
pieces in close contact.
Having now described the nature of the Invention communicated to
me, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to the
precise details of construction herein laid down, as the same may be
varied without departing from the principle or character of the said
Invention; but what I claim as new and intend to be protected by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the general arrangement
and combination of machinery or apparatus whereby one entire row of
teeth is formed and inserted in a sheet, band, or bands of cards, sub-
stantially in the manner herein-before described and represented in the
accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Armand Gilbee, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of December,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
eight.
W. A. GILBEE. (L.S.)