IMPROVEMENTS IN MA- CHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LOOPED FABRICS, AND IN THE MANNER OF CONSTRUCTING THE SAME
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Arthur Paget, of Loughborough, in the County of
Leicester, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MA-
CHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LOOPED FABRICS, AND IN
THE MANNER OF CONSTRUCTING THE SAME."
Sealed the 31st August 1859, and dated the 2nd April 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur Paget at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd April 1859.
I, ARTHUR PAGET, of Loughborough, in the County of Leicester, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LOOPED FABRICS,
AND IN THE MANNER OF CONSTRUCTING THE SAME," to be as follows:-
In my said improvements I employ a sinker to each needle, and actuate
each sinker consecutively by an incline or other mechanical equivalent acting
directly upon such sinkers. I support the sinkers in a grooved bar or comb
on each side of the part on which the incline or other mechanical equivalent
The action of each sinker is assisted, when sinking the thread, by a

page_text: spring, which afterwards retains the sinker in position until released, the said
springs being secured by cement or solder to a bar, which in some cases is
slightly grooved. I use a presser bar with gaits or grooves for the sinkers to
slide through, the walls of such grooves or gaits being made to press the
needle beards. I produce a selvedge on any needle in the frame by means of
a thread layer, capable of being stopped in its traverse over the needle beyond
the selvedge needle and under the sinker beyond the selvedge needle, the said
thread layer being removeable from under the sinker nebs by the sinking of the
sinker beyond the selvedge needle, and being so arranged that at the end of
its traverse it lays the thread under the beard of the selvedge needle without
passing under the needles, and being so arranged as to press the beard of the
needle beyond the selvedge needle as it retires or passes the thread, and being
so arranged as to be out of the way of the beard of the needle beyond the
selvedge needle as it advances. I make the knocking-over bar with the
knocking-over pieces of steel plate or other suitable material, and secure them
in grooves or gaits in a bar of brass or other equivalent.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Arthur Paget in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
1st October 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ARTHUR
PAGET, of Loughborough, in the County of Leicester, Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Arthur Paget, Her special licence that I, the said Arthur
Paget, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Arthur Paget, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LOOPED FABRICS,

page_text: AND IN THE MANNER OF CONSTRUCTING THE SAME," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Arthur Paget, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Arthur Paget, do hereby declaro
the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in which the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement (that is to say):-
This Invention will be clearly understood by aid of the accompanying Sheet
of Drawings and reference to the letters and numbers thereon, the same
letters and numbers referring to the same parts.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation, partly in section; Fig. 2, a front elevation with
parts removed and omitted; Fig. 3, a side and front elevation of the sinker ;
Fig. 4, a side and front elevation of the spring; Fig. 5, a side elevation in
section, and a front elevation of the presser bar; Fig. 6, a side view of the
throad layer in its position when the sinker has sunk its loop. In this
machine there are five primary parts employed in producing the fabric, the
remaining parts being for the purpose of actuating the said five primary ones.
These are, first, the needle A, which is of the ordinary kind, and of which
there are as many as the wales required in the fabric; secondly, the thread
layer B; thirdly, the sinkers C, the number of which is one more than that
of the needles; fourthly, the presser D; and fifthly, the knocking-over bar E.
In order to render this explanation more distinct, I will first describe how
the five primary parts act upon the thread so as to produce the fabric, and
afterwards describe the parts which effect the movements of the said five
primary parts. The stationary bars and other parts of this machine may bo
secured to suitable side frames and basement plate, as described in the Spe-
cification of Letters Patent granted to me, dated the Third day of April One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, No. 980, or in any other convenient
and suitable manner, as is well understood by makers of knitting machinery,
The thread layer B is made of steel plate or other suitable material, and has
through it two holes, through which the thread passes to be delivered to the
needles; it is attached to a slide or carriage B', which traverses easily on the
projecting part B of the bar C. B is a spring clip secured by solder or'
other convenient means to B', and clips or pinches at its upper end the bar
B, to which it holds with sufficient tightness to move with the bar B' when

page_text: that moves across the frame, but not so tight as to prevent the bar B" from
sliding through it when B' is stopped at any portion of its traverse; the bar
B' is secured to and traverses with the projecting lug C₁ of the slide C*. It
will thus be seen that when the slide C is caused to traverse the full width of
the frame alternately in opposite directions, the slide B¹ and thread layer B
will traverse with it, and can be stopped in its traverse over any needle in the
frame by stops at each end actuated by snail wheels, double-acting rack, screws,
or other convenient means, as is well understood by makers of knitting machinery.
The sinkers C are supported on each side of the part C by grooved bars
or combs C and C², in the grooves of which they slide easily; they may also
be supported at their lower ends by the grooved bar C3; they also pass through
grooves or gaits in the ledge or projection D' of the presser bar D; in some
cases the bar Cs may be omitted, as the presser bar D will be found a sufficient
support for the lower ends of the sinkers. The inclined surface C¹³ or C¹³ of
the incline C, C, and C, attached to and traversing across the frame with
the slide C, acts upon the part C of the sinker C, and causes each sinker in
succession to sink down to or nearly down to the bar or stop Cs; and when the
sinker is sunk, the straight part C of the incline holds down the sinker, whilo
the inclined part C¹s or C15 causes the next sinker to sink. Each inclined part
C1 and C5 acts alternately on the sinkers as the incline and slide Care
drawn across from right to left or from left to right; the slide C+ slides easily
on the bar C, and can be drawn across by cords and pulleys, as described in
the Specification of my previous Patent already alluded to, or by levers and
cams, or other suitable mechanical means, as is well understood by makers of
kuitting machinery. C' is a spring secured at its upper end by cement, solder,
or other suitable means to a bar C, which is secured to the bar C³ or other
convenient part of the frame. There is a spring C acting on each sinker C;
the spring C has at its lower end a cramp or bend, and the end of the said
cramp or bend presses against the edge of the sinker C; and when the sinker
is in its position, before sinking the cramped end of Co, presses into the notch
or indentation C, and thus holds up, latches, or retains in position the sinker
with sufficient strength to prevent its falling, but not so strongly as to prevent
the incline from easily releasing or unlatching it. When the sinker has been
sunk so far that its sinking neb is in contact or nearly so with the thread, the
cramped end of C begins to press against the inclined part C" of the sinker
C, and thus assists it in sinking and retains it in position until raised by the
bar C, as herein-after described.
Each needle A is secured to the needle bar A¹ in the manner described in

page_text: the Specification of my previous Patent, or in any other convenient manner,
as is well understood by makers of knitting machinery. The needles A rest
and slide on the bottom of the grooves at E in the knocking-over bar E, and
may have the herein-before described movements communicated to them by a
rocking shaft, joints, and cams, as described in the Specification of my previous.
Patent, or by other suitable means, as is well understood by makers of knitting
machinery. When the beards of the needles in retiring come under the
projection D' of the presser bar D, as herein-before described, it descends,
and the lower surfaces of the walls of the grooves or gaits press the beards of
the needles into the eyes. The necessary movements of the presser bar D may
be communicated to it by a rocking shaft and cams, as described in the
Specification of my previous Patent, or by other suitable means, as is well
understood by makers of knitting machinery. The sinkers C are raised at the
proper time to allow the loops to pass their lower ends by the sinker lifting
bar C, which may have the necessary movements communicated to it by
connecting rods, rocking shaft, and cam, as described in the Specification of
my previous Patent, or by any other suitable means, as is well understood by
makers of knitting machinery. The sinkers are lowered into their proper.
position before sinking by the ledge D³ of the presser bar D, which acts on
the lug or projection C of the sinkers C, and the necessary movement of the
presser bur D may be communicated to it by the same means as are used for
communicating to it the herein-before described movement for pressing the
needle beards.
If it be wished to produce narrower work, that is, to make a selvedge on
any needle in the frame at some distance from the extreme needle at either
side of the frame, the thread layer B can, as has been herein-before described,
be stopped over the needle beyond the selvedge needle, and under the sinking
neb of the sinker beyond the selvedge needle; and when this sinker is caused to
descend, the lower front end of the sinking neb will act on the inclined
shield B of the thread layer B, and will thereby cause the lower end of tho
thread layer B to move itself and the thread forward from under the sinking
neb, and downwards towards the needle stem, so that the lowest rounded part
of the thread layer B will press the beard of the needle beyond the selvedge:
needle as it retires, and thereby prevent it displacing the thread as it passes
by it (as shown in Fig. 6). It will also be seen that the thread layer B. being
near the needle stem in this position, ensures tho thread being laid under the
beard of the selvedge needle; the thread layer B at or near to where it is
secured to the slide B' is reduced in thickness to enable it to bend and spring

page_text: back to its former place when the sinker C is raised, and then the thread
layer B is out of the way of the needle beard as it advances.
The knocking-over bar E has at the front a projection, as shewn in Figs. 1
and 2, which projection has in it grooves or gaits for the reception of the
knocking-over pieces E' of steel plate, or other suitable material, which
are secured in the grooves or gaits by cement, solder, or in any other con-
venient manner.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same may be performed, I desire it to be
distinctly understood that I do not confine myself to the exact details herein
set forth, as such may be varied or modified without departing from the
principle thereof; but I claim,-
Firstly, the method of and arrangement for using a sinker to each needle,
and actuating each sinker consecutively by an incline or other mechanical
equivalent acting directly upon such sinkers; also the method of and arrange-
ment for supporting the sinkers in a grooved bar or comb on each side of the
part on which the incline or other mechanical equivalent acts; also the method
of and arrangement for retaining each sinker in position by a spring, which
also assists the action of the sinker when sinking the thread; also the method
of and arrangement for securing such springs to a bar by cement or solder,
such bar being either grooved for their reception or plain, as each case may
require; and I claim each of the above methods or arrangements separately,
or in combination with any or all of the other methods or arrangements.
Secondly, the method of and arrangement for using a presser bar with gaits
or grooves for the sinkers to slide through, the walls of such gaits or grooves
being made to press the needle beards.
Thirdly, the method of and arrangement for producing a selvedge on any
needle in the frame by means of a thread layer capable of being stopped in its
traverse over the needle beyond the selvedge needle and under the sinker
beyond the selvedge needle, the said thread layer being removeable from under
the sinker neb by the sinking of the sinker beyond the selvedge needle, and
being so arranged that at the end of its traverse it lays the thread under the
beard of the selvedge needle without passing under the needles, and being so
arranged as to press the beard of the needle beyond the selvedge needle as it
retires or passes the thread, and being so arranged as to be out of the way of
the beard of the needle beyond the selvedge needle as it advances; and I claim
each part of the above method and arrangement separately or in combination
with any or all of the other parts of the said method and arrangement.

page_text: Fourthly, the method of making a knocking-over bar with the knocking-
over pieces of steel plate or other suitable material, and of securing them in
gaits or grooves in a bar of brass or other material.
In witness whereof, I, the said Arthur Paget, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of September, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ARTHUR PAGET,
of Loughborough, in the County of Leicester, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Arthur Paget, Her special licence that I, the said Arthur
Paget, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Arthur Pagot, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LOOPED FABRICS, AND IN THE
MANNER OF CONSTRUCTING THE SAME," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Arthur Paget, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Arthur Paget, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
:-
This Invention will be clearly understood by aid of the accompanying Sheet
of Drawings and reference to the letters and numbers thereon, the same
letters and numbers referring to the same parts.
Fig. 1 is a side clevation, partly in section; Fig. 2, a front elevation with
parts removed and omitted; Fig. 8, a side and front elevation of the sinker ;
Fig. 4, a side and front elevation of the spring; Fig. 5, a side elevation in
section and a front elevation of the presser bar; Fig. 6, a side view of the
thread layer in its position when the sinker has sunk its loop. In this

page_text: machine there are five primary parts employed in producing the fabric, the
remaining parts being for the purpose of actuating the said five primary ones.
hese are, first, the needle A, which is of the ordinary kind, and of which
there are as many as the wales required in the fabric; secondly, the thread
layer B; thirdly, the sinkers C, the number of which is one more than that
of the needles; fourthly, the presser D; and fifthly, the knocking-over bar E.
In order to render this explanation more distinct, I will first describe how
the five primary parts act upon the thread so as to produce the fabric, and
afterwards describe the parts which effect the movements of the said five
primary parts.
In Figs. 1 and 2 the five primary parts are represented in their positions at
the commencement of a course. To make the fabric, a piece of work is run on
to the needles A, and pushed back on their stems to behind the sinkers C, which
are raised to allow the work to pass to the back of them, and then lowered to the
position sheun. A thread is threaded through the thread layer B, and attached
to the end needle; the presser bar D is clear of the needles; the knocking-over
bar E is stationary, and has in its upper edge a series of grooves, in which slide
the needles A; the thread layer B traverses along the needles, laying the thread
under the nebs of the sinkers C in the ordinary manner; each sinker is then
successively brought down or sunk to the required distance to sink the loop (the
descent of each sinker being completed before the next one touches the thread to
ensure the loops being drawn as freely as possible). Each sinker having sunk its
loop, the needles all together slide back in the grooves in E until the points of
the needle beards are under the presser bur D; when the needles slide back,
the work on the needle stems slides back with them until stopped by the face
of the knocking-over bar E, where it remains. When the points of the needle
beards have come under the presser bar D, it descends and presses the beards of
the needles into the eyes; the needles continue to retire and the points of the needle
beards enter the loops of the work on the needle stems; the presser bar D then
ascends clear of the needles, which still continue to retire; and the sinkers all
together ascend until the lower ends are clear of the needles, leaving the row of
loops they have last sunk at the heads of the needles under the beards; the needles
still continue to retire and draw the last row of loops through the loops of the
work, drawing them against the knocking-over pieces in the knocking-over bar E,
thereby knocking over the work and leaving it hanging by the last row of loops at
the heads of the needles under the beards; a weight is also attached to the work
to ensure its passing well over the heads of the needles. The sinkers now all
together descend to the position they were in at the commencement of the course,
and the needles advance, the work advancing with them until stopped by the back

page_text: of the nebs of the sinkers. The needles continue to advance until they reach the
position they were in at the commencement of the course, leaving the work on the
needle stems at the back of the sinkers. The thread layer B now traverses in the
opposite direction, and the sinkers are sunk successively, beginning from the opposite
end of the machine, and then the course is completed in the same manner as before.
Having now described the movements of the five primary parts, I will describe
the means whereby these movements are effected.
Tho stationary bars and other parts of this machine may be secured to
suitable side frames and basement plate, as described in the Specification of
Letters Patent granted to me, dated the Third day of April, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-seven, No. 980, or in any other convenient and
suitable manner, as is well understood by makers of knitting machinery.
The thread layer B is made of steel plate or other suitablo material, and
has through it two holes, through which the thread passes to be delivered to the
needles; it is attached to a slide or carriage B', which traverses easily on the
projecting part 133 of the bar C³. B is a spring clip secured by solder or
other convenient means to B', and clips or pinches at its upper end the bar
B, to which it holds with sufficient tightness to move with the bar B* when
that moves across the frame, but not so tight as to prevent the bar B from
sliding through it when B' is stopped at any portion of its traverse; the bar B
is secured to and traverses with the projecting lug C of the slide C'. It will
thus be seen that when the slide C is caused to traverse the full width of the
frame alternately in opposite directions, the slide B' and thread layer B. will
traverse with it, and can be stopped in its traverse over any needle in the frame
by stops at each end actuated by snail wheels, double-acting rack, screws, or
other convenient means, as is well understood by makers of knitting machinery.
The sinkers C are supported on each side of the part C by grooved bars or
combs C and C, in the grooves of which they slide easily; they may also be
supported at their lower ends by the grooved bar C³; they also pass through
grooves or gaits in the ledge or projection D' of the pressor bar D; in some
cases the bar C³ may be omitted, as the presser bar D will be found a
sufficient support for the lower ends of the sinkers. The inclined surface C¹³
or Cs of the incline C, C, and C, attached to and traversing across tho
frame with the slide C, acts upon the part C of the sinker C, and causes each
sinker in succession to sink down to or nearly down to the bar or stops Cs;
and when the sinker is sunk, the straight part C of the incline holds down
the sinker, while the inclined part C¹³ or C causes the next sinker
to sink. Each inclined part C¹³ and C acts alternately on the sinkers
as the incline and slide C are drawn across from right to left or from left

page_text: to right; the slide C slides easily on the bar C, and can be drawn across
by cords and pulleys, as described in the Specification of my previous Patent
already alluded to, or by levers and cams, or other suitable mechanical
C is a
means, as is well understood by makers of knitting machinery.
spring secured at its upper end by cement, solder, or other suitable means
to a bar C', which is secured to the bar C³ or other convenient part of
the frame; there is a spring C acting on each sinker C; the spring Co has at
its lower end a cramp or bend, and the end of the said cramp or bend presses
against the edge of the sinker C, and when the sinker is in its position before
sinking, the cramped end of C presses into the notch or indentation Co, and
thus holds up, latches, or retains in position the sinker with sufficient strength
to prevent its falling, but not so strongly as to prevent the incline from easily
releasing or unlatching it. When the sinker has been sunk so far that its
sinking neb is in contact or nearly so with the thread, the cramped end of Co
begins to press against the inclined part C" of the sinker C, and thus assists it
in sinking, and retains it in position until raised by the bar C, as herein-after
described.
Each needle A is secured to the needle bar A' in the manner described in
the Specification of my previous Patent, or in any other convenient manner,
as is well understood by makers of knitting machinery. The needles A rest
and slide on the bottom of the grooves at E2 in the knocking-over bar E, and
may have the herein-before described movements communicated to them by a
rocking shaft, joints, and cams, as described in the Specification of my previous
Patent, or by other suitable means, as is well understood by makers of knitting
machinery. When the beards of the needles in retiring come under the pro-
jection D¹ of the presser bar D, as herein-before described, it descends, and
the lower surfaces of the walls of the grooves or gaits press the beards of the
needles into the eyes. The necessary movements of the presser bar D may be
communicated to it by a rocking shaft and cams, as described in the Speci-
fication of my previous Patent, or by other suitable means, as is well
understood by makers of knitting machinery. The sinkers C are raised at
the proper time to allow the loops to pass their lower ends by the sinker
lifting bar C, which may have the necessary movements communicated to it
by connecting rods, rocking shaft, and cam, as described in the Specification
of my previous Patent, or by any other suitable means, as is well understood
by makers of knitting machinery. The sinkers are lowered into their proper
position before sinking by the ledge D2 of the presser bar D, which acts on
the lug or projection C of the sinkers C, and the necessary movement of the
presser bar D may be communicated to it by the same means. as are used for

page_text: communicating to it the herein-before described movement for pressing the
necdlo beards.
If it be wished to produce narrower work, that is, to make a selvedge on
any needle in the frame at some distance from the extreme needle at either
side of the frame, the thread layer B can, as has been herein-before described,
be stopped over the needle beyond the selvedge needle, and under the sinking
neb of the sinker beyond the selvedge needle; and when this sinker is caused to
descend, the lower front end of the sinking neb will act on the inclined shield
B of the thread layer B, and will thereby cause the lower end of the thread
layer B to move itself and the thread forward from under the sinking neb and
downwards towards the needle stem, so that the lowest rounded part of the
thread layer B will press the beard of the needle beyond the selvedge needle
as it retires, and thereby prevent it displacing the thread as it passes by it
(as shewn in Fig. 6). It will also be seen that the thread layer B being near
the needle stem in this position, ensures the thread being laid under the beard
of the selvedge needle; the thread layer B at or near to where it is secured to
the slide B' is reduced in thickness to enable it to bend and spring back to
its former place when the sinker C is raised, and then the thread layer B is
out of the way of the needle beard as it advances. The knocking-over bar E
bas at the front a projection, as shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, which projection bas
in it grooves or gaits for the reception of the knocking-over pieces E¹ of steel
plate, or other suitable material, which are secured in the grooves or gaits by
cement, solder, or in any other convenient manner.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same may be performed, I desire it to be
distinctly understood that I do not confine myself to the exact details herein
set forth, as such may be varied or modified without departing from the
principle thereof; but I claim,-
Firstly, the method of and arrangement for using a sinker to each needle,
and actuating each sinker consecutively by an incline or other mechanical
equivalent acting directly upon such sinkers; also the method of and arrange-
ment for supporting the sinkers in a grooved bar or comb on each side of the
part on which the incline or other mechanical equivalent acts; also the method
of and arrangement for retaining each sinker in position by a spring, which
also assists the action of the sinker when sinking the thread; also the method
of and arrangement for securing such springs to a bar by cement or solder,
such bar being either grooved for their reception or plain, as each case. may
require; and I claim cach of the above methods or arrangements separately
or in combination with any or all of the other methods or arrangements.

page_text: Secondly, the method of and arrangement for using a presser bar with
gaits or grooves for the sinkers to slide through, the walls of such gaits or
grooves being made to press the needle beards.
Thirdly, the method of and arrangement for producing a selvedge on any
needle in the frame by means of a thread layer capable of being stopped in
its traverse over the needle beyond the selvedge needle and under the sinker
beyond the selvedge needle, the said thread layer being removeable from under
the sinker neb by the sinking of the sinker beyond the selvedge needle, and
being so arranged that at the end of its traverse it lays the thread under the
beard of the selvedge needle without passing under the needles, and being so
arranged as to press the beard of the needle beyond the selvedge needle as it
retires or passes the thread, and being so arranged as to be out of the way of
the beard of the needle beyond the selvedge needle as it advances; and I claim
cach part of the above method and arrangement separately or in combination
with any or all of the other parts of the said method and arrangement.
Fourthly, the method of making a knocking-over bar with the knocking-
over pieces of steel plate or other suitable material, and of securing them in
gaits or grooves in a bar of brass or other material.
In witness whereof, I, the said Arthur Paget, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of September, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.

page_text: To the Commissioners of Patents for Inventions.
I hereby grant my fiat giving leave to the above-mentioned Arthur Paget,
to file in the Great Seal Patent Office, with the Specification to which the
the same relates, the above-written Memorandum of Alteration.