Improvements in or Connected with Governors or Devices Regulating the Speed of Motive Power Engines.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 6th Aug., 1889--Accepted, 7th Sept., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or Connected with Governors or Devices
Regulating the Speed of Motive Power Engines.
WILLIAM JOHNSON the younger of 12 Moxley near Wednesbury in the County
of Stafford Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as
follows:-
The object of my Invention is to provide in connection with governors or devices
for regulating the speed of motive power engines means whereby the speed of the
engine becomes greater as the load increases. To effect this I provide in connection
with the valve or part operated by the governor a weight (or the like) which as the
governor rises is brought into such a position that it exercises a lesser and lesser
retarding influence thereon. For instance I may attach to the spindle of the valve
operated by the governor a weighted arm so arranged that as the governor rises the
weight also rises from a horizontal towards a vertical position and consequently from
the position in which it exercises most retarding influence on the weight of the
governor towards the position in which it exercises least influence. The weight may
be arranged so that it approaches nearer to the centre of motion as it is raised or I
may cause a cam or lever to operate upon a rod acted upon by a spring or I may
cause the movement of the valve spindle under the influence of the governor to
operate a'scrow by which the weight is moved nearer to and farther from the axis of
the spindle. It will be evident therefore that the details by which any Invention is
carried out in practice may be greatly varied to suit the particular engine to which it
is to be applied.
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or Connected with Governors or Devices for
Regulating the Speed of Motive Power Engines.
I, WILLIAM JOHNSON the younger of 12 Moxley near Wednesbury in the County
of Stafford, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
The object of my Invention is to provide in connection with governors or devices
for regulating the speed of motive power ongines means whereby the speed of the
engine becomes greater as the load increases. To effect this I provide in connection
with the valve or part operated by the governor a weight (or. the like) which as the
governor rises or opens out is brought into such a position that it exercises a lesser
and lesser retarding influence thereon or that the governor balls have a lesser and
lesser weight to lift.
For instance 1 may attach to the spindle of the valve operated by the governor a
weighted arm so arranged that as the governor rises or opens out the weight also
rises from a horizontal towards a vertical position and consequently from the position
in which it exercises most retarding influence on the weight of the governor towards
the position in which it exercises least influence. The weight may be arranged so
that it approaches nearer to the centre of motion as it is raised or 1 may cause a cam
or lever to operate upon a rod acted upon by a spring or I may cause the movement
of the valve spindle under the influence of the governor to operate a screw by which
the weight is moved nearer to and farther from the axis of the spindle. The said

page_text: weight may be so arranged that it is brought as the governor rises or opens out
towards the position in which it exerts the greatest influence on the governor so as to
reduce the weight which the governor halls have to lift as the said governor rises or
opens out. It will be evident therefore that the details by which my invention is
carried out in practice may be greatly varied to suit the particular engine to which it
is to be applied but in order that my invention may be fully understood 1 will describe
more particularly with reference to the accompanying drawings the manner in which
my invention may be carried into effect.
Figure 1 is a diagram which serves to assist in the explanation of the principle
upon which the arrangements according to my invention act.
Referring to Figure 1W is a weight carried by a lever L secured to the
spindle S.
When the weight. W is situated vertically above the spindle S (as at wl) the said
weight has no inclination to cause the spindle to rotate, but in any position between w¹
and the tendency of the weight W is to cause the spindle S to rotate, and this will
increase in proportion as the weight approaches the position w².
Figure 2 illustrates the application of my invention. to a governor of the type
known as the "Porter Governor." When in motion the speed necessary to lift the
poise (not shown in the drawing) is greater as the governor balls change from
the position a to the position and this causes the speed of engine (with which
the governor is used as a regulator) to vary proportionately. When my invention is
applied to such a governor the speed of the said governor (and consequently the speed
of engine) will be slower when the balls are in position than when they are in
the position a because when they are in the position & the weight W is in such a
position that it lielps to lift the poise of the governor and consequently reduces the
amount of load which the balls have to support. The weight. W is such that the
power exerted by it shall be sufficient to necessitate a greater speed of the governor
to support the load in position a than in the position 6-and the amount of variation
may be determined by increasing or decreasing the influence to be exerted by the
weight W.
This will be clearly understood if we assume that when the balls are in the
position the speed of the governor is 100 revolutions per minute and that the engine
io which it is attached is doing no work; then by putting work on the engine the
governor balls will change their position towards a in order to give more motive fluid
to the engine and the speed of the engine will increase proportionately to that of the
governor according to the influence exerted by the weight W. In the arrangement
shewn the weight W is on a lever secured to a spindle S to which is secured also the
lever A connected at one end to the collar of the governor and at the other end to the
operating rod of the valve.
The lever Land weight Ware shewn as being in the vertical position when the
governor balls are down but if the said lever and weight be arranged to be in
the horizontal position when the governor balls are in the position a the influence of
the weight will become lesser and lesser as the governor rises or opens out.
In the case illustrated in Figure 2 the weight W deducts from the poise on the
governor as the balls move from a to b whilst in the modification mentioned the
reverse is the effect.
Figure 3 shows a governor in which the weight is applied as two weights W
and Wattached one to each of the governor arms B B' above the centres on which
they turn the weight W being fixed to the arm B and the weight W' being fixed
to the arm B' so that they revolve with the arins and balls. When the governor balls
are in the position "a" the centrifugal force of the weights W W exert moro
influence on the balls than the said force does when the weights are at "b" and
therefore a greater speed is required to overcome the load on the governor when the
balls are at a than is required when the balls are at b.
Figure 4 shews the application of my invention to what is known as the "Tangye-
Johnson automatic cut off gear." The lever L is fixed to the spindle S and carries
the weight W, which changes its position according to speed, as hereinbefore

page_text: described. The connections from the collar of the governor to the spindle S are
marked, 2.
Figure 5 shows an arrangement in which a spring W³ is used instead of the weight
as herein before described. The lever L is secured at one end to the centre pin / the
other end of the said lever riding on a cam or arm R (preferably provided with a
roller to reduce the friction) fixed to the spindle S. The parts are arranged so that
when the cam or arm is in the position to the spring T is extended but has no
influence to cause the spindle to rotate. As the governor changes its position from t¹
to to the spring T exerts its influence and varies the amount of load to be supported
by the governor balls, thereby causing the governor to run slower in the position "b"
than in the position "a" of the preceding figures. The connections with the governor
may be the same as in Figure 4.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is -
1. In connection with governors or devices. for regulating the speed of motive
power engines means substantially as herein before described whereby the speed of
the engine is caused to increase as the load on the engine becomes greater.
2. The combination with a governor or regulating device and a valve operated
thereby of a weight or its equivalent which as the governor rises or opens out is
brought into or towards such a position that it exercises a lesser and lesser or a
greater and greater retarding influence thereon substantially as hereinbefore
described.
3. The several arrangements hereinbefore described and shown in Figures 2, 3, 4
and 5 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 6th day of August 1889.
J. H. JOHNSON & CO.,
Agents.