Improvements in the Production of Ornamental Work for Walls and other Surfaces.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Jan., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 30th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 14th Dec., 1888
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Production of Ornamental Work for Walls
and other Surfaces.
I, CLEMENT JOHN HEATON of 13 Berners Mews, Oxford Street, in the County of
Middlesex Artist do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
The object of my present invention is to utilize a mould pattern for the productio
and multiplication in any required number of pieces of decorative material in lengths,
in panels or other forms made with paper pulp or any other suitable composition all
as hereinafter described. In general the decorative material produced from the pattern
named and in the manner now to be described has lines or ridges raised above the
surface, the ridges being gilt or black or coloured, and the depressed surface being of
another colour or colours so as to produce any desired effect.
I make the pattern or mould as follows:-I first copy the required design in cloison
wire of brass, steel or other suitable metal. These wires are fixed to or in a backing
preferably to a metal backing by soldering. I may also use the so-called "
employed in wall paper block printing, the copper consisting of a wood block having
wire driven into it and part standing up above it.
copper
From this cloison work pattern or from an electro deposition or cast therefrom I
first produce a mould by laying thereon a piece of tough damped paper (for some
purposes I prefer good Japanese tissue paper) and then a piece of felt or other suitable
clastic or plastic material. In a screw press or by other means I then impart pressure
to the surface whereby the felt will force the paper down in more or less curved even
depressions between the raised cloison wire but without tearing the paper. The felt
having been removed from the paper thus embossed I pour plaster on to the paper
relief surface thus producing a cast of say three eighths of an inch in thickness. When
the plaster has set I remove this cast or mould from the cloisonné work and wash off
the paper adhering thereto.
Or instead of the above I cover the cloison work or an electro deposition or cast
therefrom with very thin flexible sheet metal or alloy, such as lead, tin, copper or brass
and having placed a piece of felt or other suitable material thereon apply pressure so as

page_text: to cause it to enter the interstices between the ridges, and then pour molten lead or
other suitable easily fusible metal or alloy or sulphur or any other suitable material
cement or composition that will harden sufficiently to form a plate or mould the thin
sheet metal being removed or left upon the casting substance as desired.
Upon the cast or mould made in either of the above described ways I then lay
a suitable thickness of composition say or inch in the condition of a tough dough,
having first coated the mould surface with oil, black lead or other suitable substanco
to prevent adhesion. I then apply roller or other pressure for forcing the composition
well into the depressions and for consolidating it. This process is repeated for every
impression desired, the product being ornamental work or decorative article of manu-
facture which forms an object of my invention.
I may also make the mould or cast cylindrical and use it as a roller for impressing
the design in the plastic material.
The composition used may be varied according to the position and other require-
ments of the work. I shall name some examples: Papier maché, wood pulp and
size, sawdust and glue; plaster of Paris, Portland cement; Portland cement and sand or
marble dust compositions of the nature of linoleum with more or less loading material;
any earthly material which hardens by being burnt. But I may use any otlier suitablo
composition which becomes hard enough for the purpose. This mode of producing
ornamental moulded work with sharp and fine contours is of especial advantage
for moulding and other architectural decorative work and also for pottery ware
and fictile ware. Sometimes I place a backing over the composition to stiffen it;
the backing may be composed of wire netting, perforated zinc, canvas, slabs of
wood, slate, sione metal or other suitable material.
The moulded ornamental panels or pieces thus made may be of any size not
exceeding I think about 3 feet by 9 feet. If intended for curved work I bend
it round a shape while it is still soft or pliable enough.
When properly set or hard the depressed parts are colored or stained as desired
or more or less filled in the recessed parts with any colored composition and when
the color is dry the raised edges or the whole surface may be cleaned by abrasion.
The cement or composition will then shew the design in outlines of the colour of the
cement or the edges may be gilt or colored as desired.
Instead of a composition as described I may use glass in sheet which while red hot
and pliable is laid on the mould and improssed therein by roller or other pressure.
The mould in this case should be of copper iron or other metal or alloy that will with-
stand the heat of the glass. The panels or pieces thus obtained may be further
ornamented by staining, enamelling or otherwise; they may also if desired be silvered
on the back to make a mirror with ornamental surface.
Dated this 30th day of January 1888.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Production of Ornamental Work for Walls
and other Surfaces.
I, CLEMENT JOHN HEATON of 46 Berners Street Oxford Street in the County of
Middlesex, Artist do bereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The object of my present invention is the production and multiplication in any
required number of sections or sheets of ornamental work in relief made with paper
pulp or any other suitable composition by the employment of pressure in connection
with a mould made from cloison work all as hereinafter described.
In general the decorative material produced in the manner now to be described has
lines or ridges raised above the surface, the ridges being the colour of the composition
or afterwards colored or gilt and the parts between the ridges being colored if desired
either thinly so as to leave the surfaces depressed or thickly so as to bring the surface
flush or more or less so with the ridges. But the effect of the cast is good without
any further treatment.
I make the pattern or mould as follows:-I first copy the required design in cloison
wires of brass steel or other suitable metal. These wires are fixed to or in a backing,
preferably to a metal backing by soldering as described in the Specification
of my Patent No. 11629 of 1886. I may also use the so-called copper employed in
wall paper block printing, the copper consisting of a wood block having wire driven
into it and part standing up above it.
I cover the cloison work pattern or an electro deposition or cast therefrom with a
thin sheet of lead or other inetal or alloy such as pewier, zinc and lead, tin, copper
or brass, and having placed a piece of felt or other suitable material thereon apply
pressure so as to cause it to enter the interstices. This constitutes the mould from
which castings can be made. To give substance to this mould I may back it with
molten lead or other suitably easily fusible metal or alloy or sulphur or any other
suitable material cement or composition that will barden sufficiently. The thin sheet
metal may be removed or left upon the casting substance as desired.
Or I may from the cloison work pattern or from an electro deposition or cast there-
from produce a mould by laying thereon a piece of tough damped paper (for some
purposes I prefer good Japanese tissue paper) and then a piece of felt or other suitablo
elastic or plastic material. In a screw press or by other means I then impart pressure
to the surface whereby the paper will be forced down in more or less curved even
depressions between the raised cloison wire but without tearing. The felt having
been removed from the paper thus embossed, I pour plaster onto the paper relief
surface thus producing a cast of say inch in thickness. When the plaster has set 1
remove this cast or mould from the cloisonné work and wash off the paper adhering
thereto.
Upon the cast or mould made in either of the aboved described ways I then lay a
suitable thickness of composition say or inch in the condition of a tough dough,
having first coated the mould surface with oil, black lead or other suitable substance
to prevent adhesion. I then apply roller or other pressure for forcing the composition

page_text: This process is repeated for every
well into the depressions and for consolidating it.
impression desired, the product being the ornamental work or decorative article of
manufacture which forms an object of my invention.
may
1 also make the mould or cast cylindrical and use it as a roller for impressing
the design in the plastic material.
The composition used may be varied according to the position and other requirements
of the work. I shall name some examples: papier maché; wood pulp and size;
sawdust and -glue; Plaster of Paris and the cements derived therefrom; Portland
cement Portland cement and sand or marble dust; compositions of the nature of
linoleum with more or less loading material; and any earthy material which hardens
by being burnt. But I may use any other suitable composition which becomes hard
enough for the purpose. The nature of the composition and the manner of using it
to take a cast from the mould forins no part of my invention.
This mode of producing ornamental moulded work with sharp and fine contours
gives an unique effect and is excellent for ceilings and other architectural work and
Sometimes I stiffen the composition in the
also for pottery ware and fictile ware.
usual manner by the use of wire netting, perforated zinc, canvas, slabs of wood, slate,
stone, metal or other suitable material.
The ornamental sections or sheets thus made may be of any size not exceeding I
think about 3 feet by. 6 feet but this depends entirely on the material employed. If
intended for curved work I bend it round a shape while it is still soft or pliable enough
or the cloison work itself may be made on a curved surface.
When properly set or hard the depressed parts can be colored or stained as desired
or more or less filled with any colored composition and when the colour is dry the
raised edges or the whole surface may be cleaned by abrasion. The cement or com-
position will then shew the design in outlines of the color of the cement or the edges
inay be gilt or colored as desired. Or the ornamental sections or sheets may be left
entirely without colouring or colouring filling composition.
Instead of a composition as described I may use glass in sheet which while red hot
and pliable is laid on the mould and impressed therein by roller or other pressure.
The mould in this case should be of copper iron or other metal or alloy that will with-
stand the heat of the glass. It is best to make a copy of the mould made as
described in cast iron. The panels or pieces thus obtained may be further ornamented
by staining enamelling or otherwise; they may also if desired be silvered on the
back to make a mirror with ornamental surface."
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First The manufacture of ornamental surfaces in relief in plastic materials or
compositions fictile wares or glass by means of a mould made with sheet material
or a cast therefrom as described from cloison work or the like by impression substan
tially as set forth.
Second-The manufacture of the pressing moulds substantially as set forth.