N, EAST HARDING STREET Lield NEAR FLEET STREET
Year: 1853

page_text: LONDON:
PRINTED BY GEORGE E. EYRE AND WILLIAM SPOTTISWOODE,
PRINTERS TO THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY :
BLISHED AT THE QUEEN'S PRINTING OFFICE, EAST HARDING STREET
Lield
NEAR FLEET STREET.
1831.

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Warren, of Maldon, in the County of
Essex, Iron Founder, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PLOUGHS."
Scaled the 27th August 1853, and dated the 16th June 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Warren
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 16th June 1853.
I, JOSEPH WARREN, of Maldon, in the County of Essex, Iron
Founder, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PLOUGHS " to be as follows:-
parts
This Invention consists of a combination of apparatus applied to a
plough for the purpose of varying the depth and positions of
thereof. The sole and share are connected at their fore ends to a
cranked lever which moves on an axis fixed to the beam of the plough,
and the back end of the cranked lever is connected by a link to a hand
lever moving on an axis on the handle at the back end of the beam,
by which means the cranked lever can be raised and lowered, and set
fast in a desired position by a set screw. The back end of the mould

page_text: board is attached by a stay to the sole and to the beam, and there is a
socket fixed to the sole for guiding the cranked lever in its movement
up and down.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joseph Warren in the Great Seal Patent Office,
on the 16th December 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
JOSEPH WARREN, of Maldon, in the County of Essex, Iron Founder,
sen 1 greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the six-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Joseph Warren, Her special licence
that I, the said Joseph Warren, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Joseph Warren, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter luring the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,- use, ex-
ercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Joseph Warren, by an instrument in writing under my
haud and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Warren, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof (that is to say):"
This Invention consists of a combination of apparatus applied to a

page_text: plough for the purpose of varying the depths and positions of parts
thereof. The sole and shear are connected at their fore ends to a
cranked lever which moves on an axis fixed to the beam of the plough,
and the back end of the cranked lever is connected by a link to a hand
lever moving on an axis on the handle at the back end of the beam,
by which means the cranked lever can be raised and lowered, and set
fast in any desired position by a set screw. The back end of the
moulded board is attached by a stay to the sole and to the beam, and
there is a socket fixed to the sole for guiding the cranked lever in its
movement up and down.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed
to describe the manner in which the same is to be performed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1, shews a side view of a plough constructed according to my
Invention. The other views shewn by the Drawing are on a larger
scale, and show several of the details. a, is the beam which, with the
handles and apparatus for connecting the horses, and also the coulter,
are of the ordinary construction; b, is a framed lever capable of
At the back end of this
moving on an axis at c, fixed to the beam a.
cranked lever is a slot b', through which a screw d, passes, which, by
means of a nut and handle, will retain the lever in any desired
position; c, is a lever moving on a fulcrum or axis at f, on the back
end of the beam a. The lever c, is connected to the back end of the
cranked lever b, by a link g, by which means the back end of the lever b,
may be raised or lowered, and consequently the parts carried thereby,
and such raising or lowering of the back end of the lever b, will cause.
the point of the share to descend more into the land or rise up. The
sole h, of the plough is fixed to the beam a, by means of a stay or
frame i. The sole h, is fixed to a plate h', which has on it a socket h³,
which receives the projecting part 6, of the lever b, and the sole is
further supported and carried by the frame i, which is fixed by the lug
', to the beam a, by screw passing through the lug into the beam. The
projection or lug i², is fixed by a screw and nut to the projection or
lug , on the upper surface of the sole h. The mould board j, is fixed
5 to the frame i, by means of the sliding piece i³, which is fixed to the

page_text: frame i, by means of a screw passing through the slot i, foriped in this
frame, and the mould board is fixed to the sliding piece by a screw and
mut, the screw passing through the mould board and through the hole i,
in the sliding or adjusting piece i". The fore end of the mould board j,
fits by.a projection j', into the recess 6, at the fore end of the cranked
lever b, there being a screw passed through the holes formed in these
parts, which is retained by a nut on the outside. The share k, is
similar in the wearing part to those ordinarily used, but the socket and
arrangement for fixing are different; it is fixed to the upper side of the
lever b, by a screw and nut. ', is a hole through the upper part of the
share, and there is also a hole through the fore end of the lever b,
through which a screw passes, and a nut below retains the screw and
also the share securely. The under part of the fore end of the lever b,
is made with a recess to receive the fore end of the plate which is
fixed on the upper surface of the sole. By which means the fore end of
the sole and of the plate is supported. 1, is a plate fixed to the beam b,
carrying the fixed screw which passes through the slot in the back end
of the lever b, and it also is the means of fixing by a screw the frame i,
to the beam.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, I would have it understood that I do
not confine myself to the details as herein shown and described. But
what I claim is the peculiar combination of the parts b, c, d, e, f, g, h,
i,j, and k, k.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph. Warren, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of December, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-
JOSEPH WARREN. (L.S.)
Witness,
FRED HARRIS.
8 JX 55