IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM COOKING APPARATUS
Year: 1883

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LETTERS PATENT to Edwin Ambrose Brydges, of the firm of Brydges & Co
Engineers & Patent Solicitors of 107 Königgratzer Str in the City of Berlin
and German Empire for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM
COOKING APPARATUS" communicated to him by David Grove Sanitary
Engineer of the City of Berlin and German Empire aforesaid.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edwin Ambrose Brydges at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th April 1883.
33
EDWIN AMBROSE BRYDGES of the firm of Brydgos & C° Engineers & Patent
Solicitors of 107 Königgrätzer Str in the City of Berlin and German Empire
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM COOKING APPARATUS a communication to me by
David Grove Sanitary Engineer of the City of Berlin and German Empire
aforesaid.
My Invention relates to improvements in steam cooking apparatus and differs
from the existing apparatus in the perfected construction which consists chiefly in
being able to cut off the single boilers with large systems so that the so cut off
boiler or cooking vessel is no longer heated and further so. that the food or other
matter can be cooked by direct steam or steamed by introducing steam direct into
the boilers or cooking vessels.
The boilers or cooking vessels are heated by means of a common steam boiler
or generator which however cannot be considered as a regular steam boiler as the
tubular system in the fire or smoke canal also operates as an integral part of the
boiler or steam generator.
Each cooking vessel is arranged in a heating vessel which said heating vessel is
fed with steam from the steam generator-By means of the special arrangement of
the apparatus the food or other matter is cooked rapidly and perfectly equably or
the cooking can be protracted for any desired length of time by a corresponding
reduction of the admission of steam to the said vessels surrounding the cooking
vessels.
The apparatus is specially adapted for barrack kitchens, hospitals, public
kitchens, large industrial establishments and other purposes.

page_text: The foundament or casing encloses the boiler or steam generator which is so
arranged that the fire or combustion chamber is surrounded by the said steam
generator and consequently the greatest possible heating surface attained.
In
order to still further utilize the products of combustion a system of tubes or pipes
is arranged in the fire or smoke canal which said system of four or more or less
main tubes or pipes which are in direct communication with the water space of the
generator and run the entire length of the smoke or fire canal or only so far as the
cooking vessels reach.
A large number of small pipes or tubes are arranged in horseshoe or elongated
U or other suitable form at right angles or nearly so to the main pipes or tubes so
that they communicate alternately with one of the upper and one of the lower
main pipes or tubes and so that the upper and lower main tubes or pipes on each
side of the canal are placed in connection with each other.
In order to produce a perfect circulation of the water in the tubes or pipes,
vertical tubes or pipes are so arranged as to connect the upper with the lower
main tubes or pipes..
The cooking vessels are arranged in the steam generator as well as in the heating
jackets or outer boilers.
The heating space for the steam generator is connected with the outer boilers or
jackets by means of a steam tube or pipe in such manner that the steam can first
pass through the valve to each boiler or steam jacket and so that any one of the
said boilers can be shut off from the operation. The boilers or jackets are carried
by iron bearings resting on the brickwork or on the mantle of the range or cooking
apparatus.
In order to prevent the steam from being cooled the bearings can be provided
with annular cavities through which the flames can penetrate in order to heat the
boilers or jackets.
The steam supply pipes are provided with a double set of valves or cocks so as
to enable the said steain to be introduced not only into the outer boilers or jackets
but also into the cooking vessels go that food or other material can be steamed in
the same.
This arrangement also offers the advantage that the water can be much more
rapidly converted than with any known apparatus.
In order to let off the water of condensation from the jackets or outer boilers a
special tube is arranged leading to the water space of the boiler so that the said
water of condensation is lead back to the water space-This return pipe is in
connection with the outer boilers or jackets by means of suitable valves which are
attached to suitable unions which said unions are affixed to the said boilers.or
jackets.
The unions are fixed at the lowest part of the boilers or jackets so that any
impurities which might be in the jackets is carried back to the boiler and thus the
steam kept pure
r
The steam supply pipe and also the pipe for the water of condensation opens into
the lust boiler so that a combined system is obtained in which the steam works in
such manner that the said steam passes from the steam generator into the outer
boilers or jackets, is condensed and returns to the water space of the boiler by
means of the return pipe mentioned above for which purpose this said return pipe
is placed in an inclined position id est in order to facilitate the return of the water
to the generator.
It is therefore evident that the process is perfectly continuous the water in the
generator is converted into steam, this steam after operating in the outer boilers or
jackets is condensed and this so condensed steam returns to the water space of the
boiler to be again converted into steam
If one of the boilers is cut off or put out of operation the same process is carried
on in the remaining boilers, jackets or vessels as aforedescribed whereas the boiler
or vessel so cut off is no longer subiected to heat.

page_text: cooking vessel the enormous advantage is obtained that food or other matters
equiring different periods of cooking can be operated on without in any way
essening the efficiency of the apparatus
In order that any one or more of the boilers may be entirely cut off from the
heating device the annular openings beneath the boilers or juckets can be omitted.
The steam generator is provided with the customary fittings and with a suitable
safety valve or instead of the safety valve I employ a special device which works
as follows:-
If the steam pressure is too high the steam drives the water through a suitable
tube or pipe connected with the steam generator somewhat below the medium
water line into a suitable reservoir arranged above the said generator.
Is the water level reduced to the opening of this said tube or pipe the steam can
escape until the normal pressure is attained after which the water returns through
a second pipe into the steam generator.
In order to allow the entire steain to escape, a tube or pipe can be connected to
the steam pipe and lead into the open air which said pipe can be provided with a
suitable outlet valve or cock.
A suitable pipe or tube is arranged for feeding the boiler with water, leads from
the pump or water supply and is provided with the customary cocks-this said
water supply pipe is in connection with a pipe leading from the reservoir mentioned
above,
In order to be able to supply the boilers or vessels with water a tube or pipe is
laid along the entire length of the cooking apparatus and is provided with
revolving cocks so that two boilers or vessels can be supplied from one and the
same cock, or special cocks for each cooking vessel can be arranged.
The connection between the main tubes by means of circulating tubes can be
arranged in various ways.
Any desired number of boilers can be employed in my said system of cooking
apparatus and always with like good results,

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent file
by the said Edwin Ambrose Brydges in the Great Seal Patent Office on th
27th October 1883.
EDWIN AMBROSE BRYDGES of the firm of Brydges & Co Engineers & Pater
Solicitors of 107 Königgrätzer Str in the City of Berlin and German Empire-
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM COOKING APPARATUS " a communication to me b
David Grove Sanitary Engineer of the City of Berlin and German Empire aforesai
My Invention relates to improvements in steam cooking apparatus and differ
from the existing apparatus in the perfected construction which consists chiefly i
being able to cut off the single boilers with large systems so that the so cut of
boiler or cooking vessel is no longer heated and further so that the food or othe
matter can be cooked by direct steam or steamed by introducing steam direct into
the boilers or cooking vessels.
The boilers or cooking vessels are heated by means of a common steam boiler o
generator which however cannot bo considered as a regular steam boiler .as the
tubular system in the fire or smoke canal also operates as an integral part of the
boiler or steam generator.
Each cooking vessel is arranged in a heating vessel, which said heating vessel is
fed with steam from the steam generator. By means of the special arrangement of
'the apparatus the food or other matter is cooked rapidly and perfectly equably or
the cooking can be protracted for any desired length of time by a corresponding
reduction' of the admission of steam to the said vessels surrounding the cooking
vessels.
•
The apparatus is specially adapted for barrack kitchens, hospitals, public kitchens,
large industrial establishments and other purposes.
Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of a cooking apparatus
Figure 2 is a vertical section on the line in Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a top view and partial section of the apparatus
The fundament or casing encloses the boiler or steam generator b which is so
arranged that the fire or combustion chamber a is surrounded by the said steam
generator b and consequently the greatest possible heating surface attained. In
order to still further utilize the products of combustion a system of tubes or
pipes ce' is arranged in the fire or smoke canal which said system consists of four
or more or less main tubes or pipes e which are in direct communication with the
water space of the generator b and run the entire length of the smoke or fire canal p
or only so far as the cooking vessels c c reach.
A large number of small pipes or tubes e¹ are arranged in horseshoe or elongated
U or other suitable form at right angles or nearly so to the main pipes or tubes c
50 that they communicate alternately with one of the upper and one of the lower
main pipes or tubes e and so that the upper and lower main tubes or pipes e on
each side of the canal pare placed in connection with each other. Or in order to
produce a perfect circulation of the water in the tubes or pipes e vertical, or vertical
and horizontal tubes or pipes e' can be so arranged as to connect the upper with
the lower main tubes or pipes e- -The cooking vessels c are arranged in the steam
generator 6 as well as in the heating jackets or outer boilers d.
The heating space or upper part of the steam generator b is connected with tho
outer boilers or jackets d by means of a steam tube or pipe fin such manner that
the steam can first pass through a suitable valve to each boiler c or steam jacket d
and so that any one of the said boilers c can be shut off from the oporation. The
boilers or jackets & are carried by iron bearings resting on the brickwork or on the 5
mantle of the range or cooking apparatus-In order to prevent the steam from

page_text: being cooled the fire canal can be provided with annular cavities through which
the flames can penetrate in order to heat the boilers or jackets.
The steam supply pipes g h are provided with a double set of valves or cocks so
as to enable the said steam to be introduced not only into the outer boilers or
jackets d but also into the cooking vessels c so that food or other material can be
steamed in the same-This arrangement also offers the advantage that the water
can be much more rapidly converted than with any known apparatus. In order to
let off the water of condensation from the jackets or outer boilers d a special tube k
is arranged leading to the water space of the boiler so that the said water of con-
densation is lead back to the water space-This return pipe k is in connection with
the outer boilers or jackets d by means of suitable valves which are attached to
suitable unions which said unions are affixed to the said boilers or jackets d―
The unions are fixed at the lowest part of the boilers or jackets & so that any
impurities which might be in the jackets d is carried back to the boiler b and thus
the steam kept pure.
The steam supply pipe and also the pipe for the water of condensation
open into the outer boilers d so that a combined system is obtained in which the
steam works in such manner that the said steam passes from the steam generator b
into the outer boilers or jackets d is condensed and returns to the water space of
tho boiler by means of the return pipe & mentioned above for which purpose this
said return pipe k is placed in an inclined position id est in order to facilitate the
return of the water to the generator b.
It is therefore evident that the process is perfectly continuous the water in the
generator b is converted into steam, this steam after operating in the outer boilers
or jackets d is condensed and this so condensed steam returns to the water space
of the boiler to be again converted into steam-If one of the boilers & is cut off or
put out of operation the same process is carried on in the remaining boilers,
jackets or vessels as aforedescribed, whereas the boiler d or vessel c so cut off is no
longer subjected to heat. By means of this arrangement of being able to cut off any
desired boiler d or cooking vessel c the enormous advantage is obtained that food
or other matters requiring different periods of cooking can be operated on without
in any way lessening the efficiency of the apparatus.
In order that any one or more of the boilers may be entirely cut off from the
heating device the annular openings beneath the boilers or jackets d can be
omitted.
The steam generator b is provided with the customary fittings and with a
suitable safety valve or instead of the safety valve, I employ a special device
which works as follows. If the steam pressure is too high the steam drives the
water through a suitable tube or pipe m connected with the steam generator d
somewhat below the medium water line into a suitable reservoir arranged above
the said generator b. Is the water level reduced to the opening of this said tube
or pipe m the steam can escape until the normal pressure is attained after which
the water returns through a second pipe n into the steam generator b.
In order to allow the entire steam to escape a tule or pipe can be connected to
the steam pipe and lead into the open air which said pipe can be provided with a
suitablo outlet valve or cock-A suitable pipe or tube is arranged for feeding the
boiler with water, leads from the pump or water supply and is provided with the
customary cocks-this said water supply pipe is in connection with a pipe leading
from the reservoir mentioned above.
In order to be able to supply the boilers or vessels with water a tube or pipe is
laid along the entire length of the cooking apparatus and is provided with
revolving cocks so that two boilers or vessels can be supplied from one and the
same cock, or special cocks for each cooking vessel can be arranged. The con-
nection between the main tubes e by means of circulating tubes e' can be arranged
in various ways. Any desired number of boilers c d can be employed in my said
system of cooking apparatus and always with like good results.
Having now described my said invention and the manner of carrying the same

page_text: f
into effect, I wish it to be understood that what I claim as my invention and
desire to have secured by Letters Patent is.
In cooking apparatus for military and other purposes.
The construction employment and arrangement of the water circulating
tubes e e¹ or any mere modification of the same in combination with the boiler or
steam generator b and the safety device m n or its equivalent substantially as
described in the foregoing specification and shown in the accompanying drawings.
2. The arrangement employment and application of the steam supply pipe f
.connections g h and return pipe h, and unions for allowing the water of con-
densation to escape from the boilers or steam jackets d and return to the water
space of the steam generator b for themselves and in combination with the boilers
or steam jackets d and the cooking vessels c in such manner that steam can be
admitted into the steam jacket or boiler d or into the cooking vessel c itself
substantially as described in the foregoing specification and shown in the
accompanying drawings, and for the purpose stated above
3-The general construction, arrangement and employment of the cooking
apparatus substantially as described in the foregoing specification and shown in
the accompanying drawings.
In witness whereof I the said Edwin Ambrose Brydgos have hereunto set my
hand and seal this Fifteenth day of October in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty three.
Witnessos:
ARTHUR BAERMANN
ANTHONY STEFFEN
EDWIN A BRYDGES (L.S.)