Improvements in or relating to Explosion Engines.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Feb., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 10th Nov., 1899-Accepted, 16th Dec., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Explosion Engines.
We, ARTHUR CHARLES LEMPRIERE BACK, A.M. Inst. M.E., of Hethersett Hall,
Norwich, in the County of Norfolk, Engineer, and WILLIAM EVANS, of 8, Essex
Place, Plymouth, in the County of Devon, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to explosion engines, its object being the construction
of a compound inlet valve for a gas engine or oil engine or a compound inlet
valve and vapouriser for oil engines.
According to this invention we combine with a non-return inlet valve another
valve which controls the issue of gas or oil from the supply conduit therefor;
for instance we may place a non-return valve in that end of a vapouriser or on
the cylinder casting which is in immediate communication with the clearance space
behind the piston and at the end of a tail or extension from that valve we may
form another and smaller valve, say a needle valve, which enters an oil-supply
opening upon the stem of the valve there may be a regulating nut or other
adjustable stop which will vary the lift of the main valve and which, in con-
sequence will control also the movement of the needle valve. The portion of
the valve stem in proximity to the needle valve may conveniently be provided
with a cone or other spreader, or be otherwise formed so as to spread the incoming
oil. The compound valve thus constructed may be provided with a spring, if
necessary, to ensure its return to the closed position.
The casing of this compound valve, which, in the case of an oil engine may
constitute a vapouriser, is preferably perforated or slotted with a series of slots
in proximity to which is a sliding or rotary valve; these slots may conveniently
be arranged in a circle which is concentric with the oil inlet or gas inlet so
that jets of air drawn through the slots by the suction of the main piston surround
on all sides the jet of oil or gas passing the needle valve and spread by the
latter or by the adjacent cone, so that a very complete and perfect mixture of
gas and air or of atomised oil and air is obtained in the vapouriser or mixing
chamber constituted by the valve casing aforesaid, which may be provided
with internal vanes or feathers to increase the facility with which the heat in
the walls of the chamber is communicated to its contents. Or if desired cooling
Jackets may be employed or outside radiating vanes in cases where it is found
to be necessary to cool the chamber aforesaid.
A further feature of this invention is the employment of the valve-closing
spring as a conduit through which the entering oil, especially if it be heavy oil,
passes before it issues into the vapouriser; in this construction the spring will
be made of coiled tube and will communicate at one end with the oil supply
conduit and at the other end with the interior of the vapouriser.
Dated this 11th day of February 1899.

page_text: Place, Plymouth, in the County of Devon, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:---
This invention relates to explosion engines, its object being the construction
of a compound inlet valve for a gas engine or oil engine or a compound inlet
valve and vapouriser for oil engines.
According to this invention we combine with a non-return inlet valve another
valve which controls the issue of gas or oil from the supply conduit therefor;
for instance we may place a, non-return valve in that end of a vapouriser or on
the cylinder casting which is in immediate communication with the clearance space
behind the piston and at the end of a tail or extension from that valve we may
form another and smaller valve, say a needle valve, which enters an oil-supply
opening upon the stem of the valve there may be a regulating nut or other
adjustable stop which will vary the lift of the main valve and which, in con-
sequence will control also the movement of the needle valve. The portion of
the valve stem in proximity to the needle valve may conveniently, be provided
with a cone or other spreader, or be otherwise formed so as to spread the incoming
oil. The compound valve thus constructed may be provided with a spring, if
necessary, to ensure its return to the closed position.
The casing of this compound valve, which, in the case of an oil engine may
constitute a vapouriser, is preferably perforated or slotted with a series of slots
in proximity to which is a sliding or rotary valve; these slots may conveniently
be arranged in a circle which is concentric with the oil inlet or gas inlet, so
that jets of air drawn through the slots by the suction of the main piston surround
on all sides the jet of oil or gas passing the needle valve and spread by the
latter or by the adjacent cone, so that a very complete and perfect mixture of
gas and air or of atomised oil and air is obtained in the vapouriser or mixing
chamber constituted by the valve casing aforesaid, which may be provided
with internal vanes or feathers to increase the facility with which the heat in
the walls of the chamber is communicated to its contents. Or if desired cooling
Jackets may be employed or outside radiating vanes in cases where it is found
to be necessary to cool the chamber aforesaid.
A further feature of this invention is the employment of the valve-closing
spring as a conduit through which the entering oil, especially if it be heavy oil,
passes before it issues into the vapouriser; in this construction the spring will
be made of coiled tube and will communicate at one end with the oil supply
conduit and at the other end with the. interior of the vapouriser.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of the improved compound inlet valve and
vapouriser for explosion engines.
Figure 2 is a sectional plan on the line 2-2 of Figure 1.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
A casing A preferably cylindrical in form is mounted upon some suitable part
of the cylinder B of an explosion engine. The casing A is provided near its
lower end with a perforated plate A¹ which serves as a bearing for the spindle C¹
of a valve C seated on the end A2 of the casing A which lies within the cylinder B.
Within the upper end of the casing A and projecting downwards into it is arranged
a funnel D, the lower end of which is closed by a perforated 'plug D¹ which serves
as a second bearing for the valve spindle C. The upper end of the casing A is
closed by a cap A perforated on its upper face as at A+ and provided with a
central socket A5 into which is screwed the end of the fuel feed-pipe E. A central
opening A forms a means of communication between the end of the feed-pipe E
and the chamber F formed in the upper part of the vapouriser by the funnel D D¹.
On the upper extremity of the valve spindle C₁ is carried a needle C2 which,
when the main valve C is on its seat, lies within and encloses the opening A6.
Below this needle C2 and mounted upon the valve spindle C¹ is a conical

page_text: spreader C3, which is retained in place against a pin C by a nut and lock-nut C³ Co
which also serve, by coming in contact with the perforated plug D' when the
valve is opened, to limit and allow of adjustment of the extent to which the
valve C can be opened.
Rotatably mounted upon the socket A5 of the cap A³ is a circular plate G
perforated as at G₁ to correspond with the perforations A* on the cap A³. The
plate G is provided with a projection G2 which engages with a slot in a lever H
pivotted at H at one side of the cap A³. By movement of the lever H the
plate G can be rotated so as to adjust the amount of air which can enter through
the openings A+. A cock E in the fuel feed-pipe E is provided with a cranked
arm E which engages with a second slot in the lever H and enables the supply
of fuel to be controlled simultaneously with the supply of air to the vapouriser.
A spring J ensures the closing of the main valve C and oil valve C between each
stroke of the engine.
The operation of the device is as follows:
At each suction up-stroke of the engine the main valve C is lifted from its
seat, the needle C being simultaneously withdrawn from the opening A6 in the
plate A3, a charge of fuel being thereby allowed to pass from the feed-pipe E into
the chamber F. The fuel falling on to the spreader C3 and thence on to the wall
of the funnel 1) is intimately mixed with the air which is sucked in through
the openings A and G¹, the explosive mixture passing through the
openings in the plug I into the body of the vapouriser The charge is thence
drawn through the perforations in the plate A¹ and past the valve C into the
cylinder where it is ignited by suitable means.
Where the above invention is applied to a gas engine the vapouriser acts as a
mixing chamber, the construction of the parts being suitably modified to meet the
different requirements.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
:~
1. In an explosion engine the combination with the main valve of a oil valve
which is directly connected to and operated by the main valve and controls the
supply of fuel to the vapouriser or mixing chamber substantially as described.
2. In an explosion engine the combination with the vapouriser or mixing
chamber of an oil valve a main valve both valves being directly connected and
operating together and an air valve such as G G substantially as described.
3. In an explosion engine the combination with a casing constituting a
vapouriser or mixing chamber of valves such as C C both mounted on the same
spindle a perforated cap and air valve such as A3 A4 and G G with or without
a funnel such as D D¹ within the casing, substantially as described.
4. In an explosion engine the combination with the main valve of an oil
valve a spindle connecting them a funnel a spreader on the spindle an oil inlet
and air inlets disposed around it substantially as and for the purpose described.
5 In an explosion engine the combination with a cock in the feed-pipe and an
air valve such as G G¹ of a device for operating both of them simultaneously sub-
stantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
6 The complete double valve and vapouriser or mixing chamber for an explo-
sion engine substantially as described or illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 8th day of November 1899.
ARTHUR C. L. BACK.
Boult & Wade,
Agents for the Applicants.