IMPROVEMENTS IN INDICATING ON THE DIALS OF CLOCKS WATCHES & OTHER TIMEKEEPERS THE TWENTY FOUR HOUR AS WELL AS THE TWELVE HOUR SYSTEM
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I ROBERT EVANS Chronometer & Watch Manufacture of N° 1 Sand hill
Newcastle on Tyne Northumberland do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN INDICATING ON THE DIALS OF CLOCKS WATCHES
& OTHER TIMEKEEPERS THE TWENTY FOUR HOUR AS WELL AS THE TWELVE
HOUR SYSTEM to be as follows:-
My Invention consist in an additional Indicator pointer or hand indicating
twenty four hours on the dials of Clocks and Watches in combination with the
twelve hours at present indicated in Clocks and Watches so that the two systems
of recording the hours may be seen jointly and compared together, such additional
indicator, hand or pointer to turn upon the same or separete centers; necessitated
by the available space or want of space and also the difference in the construction
of Clocks and Watches-To this end I run on a stud or pin an additional hour
wheel which I call the twenty four hour wheel-and having double the number of
teeth, to that of the twelve hour wheel and on which I fix a pointer or hand the
same way as on the twelve hour wheel. An intermediate or go-between wheel
runs on another stud or pin, planted between the twenty four hour wheel and the
twelve hour wheel setting the three wheels in train, and giving the twenty four hour
wheel one revolution to two revolutions in the twelve hour wheel. By leaving the
intermediate or go-between wheel out, and running the two hour wheels direct in
each other, the twenty four hour wheel will revolve backwards-Sometimes I run
the twenty hour wheel on a canon pinion and a stud before named with a minute
wheel and minute pinion as the go-between wheel, to give one revolution to the
twenty four hour wheel and two revolution to the twelve hour wheel.-The
twenty four hour figures are then marked on the dial in a separate place and
circle from the twelve hour figures-I may also run the twenty four hour wheel on
the twelve hour wheel, with a number of teeth and a number of teeth in the
minute pinion and wheel, that give two revolutions to the twelve hour wheel and
one to the twenty four hour wheel, one hand or pointer going above the other, but
both from the same center. In this case the figures of both the twenty four and
the twelve are from the same center and circle. To better distinguish the pointers,
Price R71

page_text: one may be of steel the other of gold, also the figures may be different in colour
and shape. By these means both systems of recording the hours are seen
together. I am well aware, that the recording of twenty four hours on the dials of
Clocks and Watches is not new, no more than recording twelve hours, and can not
be subject matter for a patent, but that the combination of recording twenty four
hours, jointly with the twelve hour is novel and new, as herein before described and
that it will be beneficial to the public in helping to pass over the change in
recording the hours.
The following Drawing will further explain my Invention.
Fig. I. shows the twenty four figure and twelve figures from different centers,
and requires two hour wheels a and c and a go-between wheel b with two studs or
pins. The twenty four figures are in circle G with hand or pointer D revolving
once in twenty four hours, the pointer E revolving in circle H twice in the same
time the pointer D indicates the figure 15 which is equal to 3 pm at 3. a.m. both
pointers will point at the figure 3 and 3.
Fig. II. shows the two pointers from the same center requiring two hour wheels
C. C one going over the other. the pointer D revolves once in twenty four hours
the pointer E once in twelve hours-the minute hand F serves both D and E the
same both indicate 6 that is 6 a m. but if it is 6 pm the pointer D will indicate 18
the pointer E 6 again Fig III. where the hour wheels a and c are carried by the
go-between wheel b-in Fig IV the two hour wheels a.and c run in each other
where the pointer D moves in the opposite direction to pointer E.

page_text: Improvements in Indicating on the Dials of Clocks, Watches,.
and other Timekeepers, the Twenty-four as well as the
Twelve Hours System
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I ROBERT EVANS Chronometer maker of 1 Sandhill in the City of Newcastle,
on Tyne in the County of Northumberland do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN INDICATING ON THE DIALS OF CLOCKS, WATCHES.
AND OTHER TIMEKEEPERS THE TWENTY-FOUR AS WELL AS THE TWELVE HOURS
SYSTEMS, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly,
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
My invention consists in an additional indicator, pointer or hand indicating on'
the dials of Clocks, Watches and other Timekeepers the 24 hours in addition and
in combination with the 12 hours as at present indicated on Clocks, Watches and
other Timekeepers, so that, the two systems, that is, the 24 hours as well as the
12 hours system are indicated by separate hands or pointers, one pointer revolving
once in 24 hours while the other revolves twice in 24 hours, and in a way that
they may be compared and seen together on the same dial-The additional pointer
indicating the 24 hours may have the same centre or' axis as the 12 hour and
minute pointer, or may have separate centres, necessitated by the available space, >
or want of space, and also on account of the difference in the construction of
Clocks watches and other Timekeepers in order to have two hour hands, one
revolving twice, while the other revolves once, indicating 12 hours and 24 hours
respectively, and so, as may according to my Invention be applied and put to all
existing Clocks, watches and other Timekeepers.
2
To this end I fix a studt, pin, between the centre of the frameplate and edge of.
the dial, so as to produce the largest circle on the upper or lower half of the dial.
On this studt I run the additional hour wheel before named, and which I call the -
24 hour wheel, which revolves once against two revolutions of the 12 hour wheel.
The 24 hour wheel has a double number of teeth with a go-between wheel or :
pinion, so that the 24 hour wheel revolves in the same direction once, while the
12 hour wheel revolves twice-Each of the, said hour-wheels has an indicator,
pointer or hand.
Sometimes I run the 24 hour wheel on a studt before named. and depth or gear
the said hour wheel direct with the minute nut or pinion, reducing the number of
teeth of the nut, that I put on the top or otherwise on the minute nut just named,
to gear with the hour wheel of increased number of .teeth, so that as before
stated the 24 hour wheel makes one revolution against two of the 12 hour wheel-
For both the foregoing each hour wheel with pointers moves in separate centres or
axises as shown in Fig: 1. 2. 3 & 8.
I may however use the same centre or axis for both the 24 hour and 12 hour
wheels-running the 24 hour wheel on the body or bush of the 12 hour wheel
with pointers on each, one pointer going free above the other, one describing a .
circle in 24 hours while the other described a circle in 12 hours as in Fig: 4. 5.
6&7.-The 24 hour wheel has an increased number of teeth gearing a nut of a.

page_text: less number of teeth which as before said, may be fixed on the top of the minute
nut, so that the 24 hour wheel depths from the same hole as the minute wheel and
nut to gear the 24 hour wheel in order that the pointer on the 24 hour wheel
indicates the 24 hours and the other pointer on the 12 hour wheel indicates the
12 hours,
I may vary the arrangement of the hour wheel and motions so as to suit all
kinds of Clocks, watches and other Timekeepers whether centre seconds, keyless or
any other kind; in order to have an extra 24 hour indicator or pointer for the
purpose of carrying out my invention, that is indicating on the dials of Clocks,
Watches and other Timekeepers the 24 hours as well the 12 hours, by separate
pointers and from the same or separate centres as before described-The figure 24
may be put under the figure 12 or above it as in Figs V and VI and may
commence and end at the bottom of the circle with 1 to 24-Fig: V-or at the
top of the circle with 1 to 24-Fig VI-but always in a manner showing clearly
and distinctly the 12 and 24 hours system. To better distinguish the two hour
hands I make one of gold the other of steel or any other distinction in shape or
colour, and the same in the figures.
By these means both the 24 hours and the 12 hours systems are indicated by
separate and distinct hands and the old and new reckoning of time plainley and
distinctly seen at the same time and on the same dial; which can in the manner
described be added to all existing Clocks Watches & Timekeepers.
I am perfectly aware, that recording and indicating the 24 hours system on the
dial of Clocks, Watches and other Timekeepers is not new, no more than the
12 hours system, and can not be subject matter for a patent; but the combination
of indicating by separate hour pointers the 24 hours as well as the 12 hours
systems is new, as herein before described and that this combination of indicating
both the old and new time on one dial will be beneficial to the public and
assist in introducing the change and facilitate the adoption of the new Time
reckoning.
In order that my said invention may most fully be understood and readily
m
+91
11
Fig: I Shows the studt or pin a-planted between the centre of the frame
plate and the edge of the dial, so as to give the largest circle for the 24 figures
E 1-as in Fig: III-On the said studt a-runs the extra hour wheel B-gearing
direct with the minute pinion or nut C-on the minute wheel C. 1—which gears in
the conon pinion D.
Fig: II shows the same as Fig: I.-but where the minute wheel C. 1-and
nut is not made use of for gearing the 24 hour wheel B.—a go-between
wheel B111 gears the 12 hour wheel B. 1-and the 24 hour wheel B.
Fig: III. Shows the 24 figures E. 1-and the 12 hour figures F. 1-with the
24 hour pointer E. and the 12 hour pointer F-moving and revolving in separate
centres, leaving the 12 hour centre F. 11 and the 12 hour pointer F intact.
Fig: IIII. Shows the 24 hour wheel B-running on the 12 hour wheel B. 1-
D conon pinion on which the 12 hour wheel B. 1-revolves-C and C. 1-the
minute nut and wheel.-C. 11-and C. 111. the extra minute wheel and nut into
which the 24 hour wheel B-gears, revolving once, while the 12 hour wheel
revolves twice.
Fig: V-Shows the 24 hour circle E. 1 and the 12 hour circle F. 1.-from the
same centre E. 11-and F. 11-the two hour hands E and F. and where the
24 figures E. 1-are on the inner circle and the 12 hour figures F. 1—on the outer
circle with the figure 12 on the top.
Fig: VI-Shows the 24 figures E. 1-on the outer circle with the figure 24 on
the ton

page_text: Fig: VII Shows the 24 figures E. 1-on the outside of the minute division
with the 12 figures F. 1-on the inner circle-The 24 figures E. 1-stand all
upright the 24 at the bottom of the circle.
Fig: VIII. Shows a Clock frame, where the 24 hour wheel B.-is placed high
up the frame by cock N. B. 111-is the go-between wheel gearing the 12 hour
wheel B. 1-and the 24 hour wheel B.-This is for large Clocks dials.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare what
I claim is
First The combination of indicating on the dials of Clocks Watches and other
Timekeepers the 24 hours and the 12 hours system on the same dial by separate
indicators, pointers or hands moving in separate centres or the same centre or axis
as substantially hereinbefore set forth and described.
Secondly The arrangement of an additional 24 hour wheel and motions to the
existing 12 hour wheel and motions causing the 24 hour wheel and pointer to
describe one revolution, while the 12 hour wheel and pointer two revolutions as
substantially hereinbefore set forth and described.
Thirdly The arrangement of the 24 figures and the 12 figures in a circle from
one or two centres, placing the 24 figures in the inner or outer circle with the
figure 24 at bottom or the top, and the adaptation of my invention to all existing
Clocks, watches and other Timekeepers as substantially herein before set forth and
described.
Dated this the tenth day of Fabe 100