Improvements in Fire Places and Stoves.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Nov., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 21st Aug., 1890-Accepted, 11th Oct., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fire Places and Stoves.
We FRIEDRICH HOLLMANN, Manufacturer of Potsdamer Strasse 83 C. and PAUL
MARUSCHKE, Manufacturer of Weisenburger Strasse 67, both in Berlin in the
Empire of Germany do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
This invention relates. to fire places for rooms etc. and consists in the arrangement
of a removable, double wall heating box or chamber through the double wall of
which the air to be heated travels in order to escape in a heated state.
The construction is as follows. These fire places have a hearth made of malleable
cast iron which is provided with a fuel door and an upper opening, the former serves
for the introduction of the fuel, the latter for the escape and rising of the heated
gases into the upper part of the fire place.
The hearth rests upon supports. The whole sides and domed surfaces of the hearth
are surrounded by an iron mantle, which with its base rests upon the foundation of
the hearth supports. Thereby an air space is created also underneath the hearth
for the admission of air. The whole mantle is surrounded by ashes. A water
reservoir is arranged at the front part of the hearth above the fuel door which
reservoir is filled by removing the front plate with which it is brought into
connection.
As soon as the fire is lighted the warmth issuing from the same communicates
itself to the surrounding walls of the hearth, whereby the air existing between the
hearth and mantle is heated, expanded and compelled to escape through a railed off
opening into the room whilst its renewed supply is introduced into an air supply
channel at foot, either from the room or from outside.
The contents of the reservoir resting upon the front part of the hearth and upon its
domed surface is likewise warmed by the beat of the hearth fire, and causes a
continuous evaporation of the water.
The vapours thus created are crossed by the stream of heat which escapes from the
air space (between hearth and mantle) and this stream of heat which takes up these
vapours makes a very healthy atmosphere for the room.
Dated this 21st day of November 1889.
HERBERT & CO.,
Agents to Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fire Places and Stoves.
We, FRIEDRICH HOLLMANN, Manufacturer of Potsdamer Strasse 83 C. and PAUL
MARUSCHKE, Manufacturer of Weisenburger Strasse 67 both in Berlin in the Empire
of Germany do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to an improved construction of fire places, stoves, or the
like whereby the heating of the locality to be warmed is immediately effected in
lighting the fire, while the heating value of the fuel is utilised in the most perfect
manner.
For this purpose, instead of employing a brickwork structure for the fire place as
heretofore we employ a strong metal structure of a round, or oval cross section, and
which is surrounded by a metal casing in such manner that a space for the circulation
of air is provided between the two. Both the fire place and the casing rest upon a

page_text: common base. The casing is covered at top by a slab or plate, and the lower part of
the stove is thus separated from the upper part.
Between the base plate and the bottom of the metal fire place is a perforated ring
below which is a tubular opening regulated by a valve, through which fresh air is
introduced.
The space between the back and sides of the lower part of the metal casing, and
the tiled enclosure is filled in with ashes or other suitable bad conductor of heat, which
filling prevents any heat from being taken up by the base of the stove, so that the
.heat is entirely utilised.
On the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 shews a side view partly in section of a
tiled stove constructed according to our invention a is the metal fire place, b the
surrounding metal casing, c the space between these parts, d the base plate, e the
perforated ring the covering plate, g the grate, h, the ash box, i the air inlet;
the passage for the introduction of air from the outside; k the filling in of ashes
between the casing b and the tiled enclosure, I and are the air tight fitting doors of
the fire place and ash box; m is a water tank; n an opening at the front of the
stove o a pipe leading from o up through the stove and into the chimney flue.
Fig. 2 shews a sectional plan of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shews an air tight. closing door which is applied to the construction at
Figs. 1 and 2.
Fig. 4 is a vertical section of a modified construction which is generally similar to
Fig. 1 but which is built directly against the chimney flue; p is a water tank qa
water supply pipe, a discharge pipe.
Fig. 5 shews a sectional plan of Fig. 4.
With the improved construction of air tight doors shewn at Fig. 3, the air tight
joint is made against a broad surface inclined at an angle of about 45°, the door
being made with corresponding inclined surfaces that are pressed tightly against
the former by the door fastening. The said surface is lined with a refractory
material that will withstand a white heat, whereby the air tight closure is greatly
facilitated.
The action of the stove is as follows. On lighting the fire, the metal fire place a
is rapidly heated, which heat is also rapidly imparted to the surrounding air enclosed
by the casing, which-air-passes.in at i Fig. 1 and after passing in contact with the
hot sides of the iron fireplace and with the metal casing 6 which is also heated by
radiation from a, it issues through the opening n into the room.
The temperature of the issuing air is from 60° to 70° Cent. But if the air were
to issue directly into the room it would be very dry, and, consequently, not very
healthy. In order to avoid this evil there may be provided at the front side of the
casing an open water tank m, the water of which is more or less evaporated by
the heat, the vapor-being-mixed with the air as it passes over the tank on its
way through the opening n, thus imparting to the air the requisite-amount-of-
moisture.
In order to prevent the water from being heated to boiling point it is, by
preference, separated by distance pieces, so as not to be in actual contact with the
casing.
Instead of admitting the air from the room through i, as at Fig. 1, external air
may be admitted through a passage j leading from the outside to the underside of
the fire place, such passage being regulated by a slide or valve. In addition, an
arrangement may be provided for drawing off the vitiated air from the room. This
'is effected by means of the pipe o communicating with the opening o at bottom and
passing up to the top of the stove, where it issues into the chimney. The draught
of the stove is also considerably increased by this means.
In place of a single discharge pipe, two may be employed which are then arranged
on each side of the back wall of the stove; or the air can be drawn off from beneath
the floor which has the advantage of keeping the latter well ventilated and protected
from decay. All the above described arrangements may be applied as well to stoves
as to fire places of all kinds.
"

page_text: The heating of rooms by means of stoves or fire places having the above described
improvements is of a two-fold nature, viz., a rapid preliminary heating and a subsequent
continued heating, this being effected as follows: When the fire has nearly burned
out on the grate, the air tight doors are closed, whereupon the upper part of the
stove being heated by the hot rising combustion gases, forms a magazine of heat
which is gradually given out in-a uniform manner.
With fire places the following practical arrangement may be adopted. Within the
upper part of the enclosure may be provided a large water tank, as shewn at p Fig. 4
with which the rising flames and hot gases of combustion come into intimate contact,
thereby effectually heating the water which can then be utilised such as for baths, by
being led off through pipes in any convenient manner. In Fig. 4 r is a discharge
pipe for hot water and q is a supply pipe of the tank.
It will readily be seen from the above described arrangements that they afford
considerable advantages over stoves or fire places of the present construction, not
only as regards the more or less complete utilisation of the beat produced by the fuel,
but also as regards the hygienic properties of the stoves.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. An improved construction of fire places or stoves, consisting of a metal fire-
place a surrounded at a certain distance by a metal casing b, the space between which
and the tiled enclosure is filled in with ashes or other bad conductor of heat, for
preventing the radiation of heat from the latter, so as to cause the heat of the fire
place to be imparted to the body of air circulating between it and the casing, which
air enters at the bottom of the stove and issues through the opening n at top, sub-
stantially as described.
2. In stoves or fire places such as are referred to in the preceding claim, the use of
a water tank m situated at a small distance from the surface of the fireplace and near
the air outlet n for the purpose of imparting the requisite moisture to the issuing air
by causing the vapour given off from the water to mix with such air, substantially as
described.
3. The combination of a fire place a such as is referred to in the first claim with a
tiled stove or equivalent structure for accumulating heat, which takes up the heat
from the combustion gases passing off from the fireplace, so that the room to be
warmed is firstly heated by the air circulating between the fireplace a and casing b
and then receives continuous moderate and uniform heat from the tiled stove after
the air tight closure of the fire place and ashpit has been effected substantially as
described.
4. In combination with the stove or fire place referred to in the preceding claims,
the use of a supply pipe for fresh air leading from the outer wall of the building to
the bottom of the stove or fireplace, whence it passes into the above mentioned air
circulating space and thence into the room substantially as described.
5. In combination with a stove or fire place such as is referred to in the preceding
claims, the use of a water tank in the upper part of the stove provided with a
supply and discharge pipe, and heated by the combustion gases substantially as
described.
6. The use for the air tight closure of the fireplace and ash pit, of doors with
inclined surfaces fitting air tight against correspondingly inclined surfaces of the door
frames, substantially as described.
Daf
'
1000
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicants.