A METHOD OF PRODUCING AND PRE- BERVING ARTIFICIAL MINERAL WATERS, AND FOR MACHINERY TO EFFECT THE SAME
Year: 1823

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
SCHMIDT SWAINE, of Bucklersbury, London, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Ninth day of October,
in the fourth year of His reign, did, for Himself, His heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Edward Schmidt Swaine, His especial
licence that I, the said Edward Schmidt Swaine, my executors, adminis-
trators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in all His said Majesty's Colonies
and Plantations abroad, an Invention of "A METHOD OF PRODUCING AND PRE-
BERVING ARTIFICIAL MINERAL WATERS, AND FOR MACHINERY TO EFFECT THE
SAME," as communicated to me by Frederick Adolphus Augustus Strewe,
of Dresden, Doctor of Physic, and Edward Swaine, of Leipzig, Mer-
chant, on whose behalf I obtained the said Patent; in which said Letters
Patent there is contained a proviso obliging me, the said Edward Schmidt
Swaine, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, and cause the same to be inrolled in His
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Edward Schmidt Swaine, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Inven-
tion, for which such Patent hath been obtained by me as aforesaid, and of the
machinery to be used in producing the same, is fully and particularly set forth
and described in the following description thereof, and the explanatory Drawing
hereunto annexed, that is to say:-
A, the preparing vessel adapted to contain the pure water which is intended
to be impregnated with mineral or other medicinal ingredients and gasses; B,
the pump for injecting or forcing carbonic acid gas into the preparing vessel,
being also adapted to exhaust or extract the air occasionally from the said
vessel; C, the gas meter for ascertaining and registering the quantity of car-
bonic acid gas which may have been passed into the preparing vessel; D, the
gas holder or reservoir for containing a supply of carbonic acid gas; E, vessel
for purifying the carbonic acid gas previous to its entrance into the gas holder;
F, vessel to effect the separation or production of the carbonic acid gas from
the admixture of lime and sulphuric acid or other suitable preparation. The
preparing vessel A is composed of stout copper tinned on the inside. It is
formed with an opening at a for the convenience of cleaning the inside, the
said opening being closed when in use by an air-tight cover secured upon it
by screws. b, represents a collar of leather or stuffing box attached to one end
of the preparing vessel, through which a small axis works for the purpose of
turning round an agitator c within the vessel A. The extremity of this axis
is formed to a winch or handle d, so as to be conveniently turned by the
operator. e, cock for drawing off the prepared mineral water from the vessel A
into bottles to be preserved for use; f, small valve situated in the lower part
of the preparing vessel for the purpose of cutting off the communication
between the said vessel and the pipe and cock e; k, k, two receivers made of
pure tin or other suitable metal for containing a solution of mineral or other
ingredients intended to be introduced into the water contained in the vessel A;
1, 1, two screw plugs which are intended to be withdrawn for the
purpose of
introducing the said mineral or other solutions into the receivers k, k; m, the
tube through which the compressed gas is conducted from the pump B to the
preparing vessel A; n, n, two tubes which serve as. communications between
the upper part of the receivers k, k, and the upper part of the vessel A, to
equalize the pressure in the said two vessels when it is desirable to introduce
any solution into the vessel A; o, o, stopcocks to shut off these communica-
tions at pleasure; p, p, collars of leather through which small cylindrical rods
are adapted to work, being furnished with conical plugs or valves at their
lower extremities, for the purpose of opening or closing the communications
between the bottoms of the receivers k, k, and the upper part of the vessel A,

page_text: pump
in order to admit the contents of the receivers k, k, into the vessel A, when
desired. These valves are capable of being raised and lowered by screws
formed upon the tops of the rods. 9, q, box or cistern in which the preparing
vessel stands. It is filled with water in order to protect the contents of the
said vessel from the influence of heat or cold according to the state of the
surrounding atmosphere. The water in the cistern 9, q, also serves to point
out any leakage which may exist in the junction or other parts of the preparing
vessel. B, the pump; it is capable of being converted into a condensing or
exhausting pump at pleasure. b', the piston rod of the pump. It is guided
in its rectileneer motion by a support, and is adapted to be moved backwards
and forwards by a forked connecting rod c³, which is jointed at its opposite
end to the periphery of the wheel d³, so as to form a crank, the wheel d¹ being
moved by a pinion e', having a fly wheel upon its axis, which is turned by a
winch or handle f'; g', tube of communication between the
and the gas
meter C; h¹, suction valve of the pump; i, forcing or condensing valve; ",
exhausting cock having two passages in it, by turning which cock the action
of the suction valve may be stopped, and the disposition of the passages
changed, so as to render the pump capable of exhausting the preparing vessel
A of its air; , a copper vessel in which any vapour that may arise from the
pump may be condensed; m², cock to draw off the condensed water therefrom;
n', a copper cylinder communicating with the interior of the pump barrel at
the part behind the piston. This vessel is filled with distilled water for the
purpose of moistening and keeping the leathers or packing of the piston cool.
The pump is furnished with a stuffing box or collar of leather at o¹, to prevent
this water from escaping. Thus, as the piston moves backwards and forwards
in the pump barrel, the water behind it is caused to flow up and down in
the copper vessel n¹; p¹, ja box or cistern for containing the pump barrel;
it is supplied with cool water by means of one of the pipes q', which is kept
constantly flowing through it, and escaping at the other pipe q'; by this con-
trivance any leakage is quickly detected, and the pump barrel may be main-
tained at an equal temperature. s represents the frame which supports the
pump and wheel work; C, the gas meter connected by the tube g' with the
pump, and by the tube a¹¹ with the gas holder D. This gas meter is con-
structed in the same manner as those used for gas lights, and known by the
denomination of Clegg's Gas Meter. Its use is to indicate and preserve a
register of the quantity of gas which may have been drawn off by the pump B.
D, the gas holder or reservoir for gas. It is constructed in the ordinary
manner, as will appear from inspection of the annexed Drawing. 11, pneu-
matic aparatus for examining and proving (by means of chemical tests) the

page_text: purity of the carbonic acid gas which may be contained in the gas holder;
c, tube for conducting the carbonic acid gas out of the purifying vessel E
into the gas holder; E, vessel for purifying the carbonic acid gas.. It is to
be about filled with a solution of salt of barytes, and the carbonic acid gas
is caused to bubble up through it. e", board floating upon the surface of the
said solution, for the purpose of preventing any portion of the solution from
being forced up mechanically into the tube c" by the ebulition which may be
occasioned by the entrance of the gas. F, decomposing or generating vessel
for extracting carbonic acid gas. It is made of lead, and is closed air-tight
by means of a lid or cover k", which is packed with oiled leather or other
suitable material, and is secured down by a number of screws, as seen at ¹¹, ".
The interior of the vessel is furnished with a turn-about or agitator m¹¹, for
the
purpose of stirring up the lime water and acid which are introduced into
it, the agitator being moved by means of a small handle n", situated on the
top of its axis above the small collar of leather x, as may be seen in the
Drawing. ", a tube for conducting the carbonic acid gas from the decom-
posing vessel to the purifying vessel E. This tube is furnished with a cock
at each of its extremities, as seen at f" and ". It has also an opening at
the upper part h", through which it may be filled with water for the purpose
of clearing it of atmospheric air at the commencement of the operation; but
when in use, the opening h" is closed by a screw plug. o, a leaden vessel
communicating by a short neck with the interior of the decomposing vessel E.
This vessel has a small conical valve situated at the lower part thereof, which
may be opened or shut, when desired, by means of a small rod q", working
through a collar of leather p"; w", shews a screw plug situated on the top
of the vessel o". This plug may be withdrawn, for the purpose of introducing
sulphuric acid into the said vessel, and after it has been replaced and screwed
tight, the contents of the vessel o" may be discharged into the vessel E, by
simply turning the small rod q", so as to open the valve as above mentioned;
,, a bent tube which communicates with the decomposing vessel, as
shewn by dotted lines. It is for the purpose of assisting in the evacuation of
the atmospheric air from the vessel E. When the operation commences, its
apertures are then to be closed by the stoppers or cocks &", "; " a short
tube furnished with a screw plug, which may be withdrawn for the purpose of
introducing water into the vessel E in proportion as may be required; u¹¹, a
cock to cut off the communication of the tube t; l, a cock to cut off the
communication of the vessel A with the pump B; G, instrument or barometer
gaze for ascertaining the degree of exhaustion which may have been effected
by the pump in the vessel A; H, pressure gaze to indicate at other times the

page_text: degree of compression which may have been effected by the pump in the vessel
A. As soon as the process is completed, and the artificial mineral water is in
a state ready to be drawn off from the vessel A, in order to be preserved,
one of the bottles intended to be filled is placed upon the small platform g,
situated under the drawing-off cock e, and the foot of the operator is to be
pressed upon the extremity of the lever or treadle *, so as to raise the bottle
up, and press its mouth against the under side of the drawing-off cock sufli-
ciently to prevent the escape of air or gas, the under side of the said cock
being made flat, and furnished with a piece of leather or other elastic material
for that purpose. Now, by turning the cock E, the prepared mineral water
will flow into the bottle until the pressure of air in the bottle is equal to the
pressure in the vessel A. At this time it is necessary to turn a small air
cock i in the side of cock e, which will suffer a quantity of air to escape from
the bottle, and will enable it to be filled and removed, at which instant the
cork is introduced and secured by a string or wire.
I have now fully described the nature of the said Invention of a method of
producing and preserving artificial mineral waters, and have described the
machinery for effecting the same with reference to the annexed Drawing;
and I hereby declare that I consider the claim of Invention to consist in the
new and improved arrangement and combination of parts and apparatus as
herein-before described, which new arrangement and combination is adapted
to produce a better imitation of the natural mineral waters than has hitherto
been effected.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Schmidt Swaine, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Ninth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and twenty-four.
Inrolled the same Ninth day of April, in the year above written.