matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE CUTTING OP WOOD LATHS AND FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Drake at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th
February 1868.
I, WALTER DRAKE, of the Park Wharf, in the County of Nottingham,
Timber Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE CUTTING
OP WOOD LATHS AND FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
In this machine or apparatus are two centres, each centre is at one
end of a shaft, which shafts lie in bearings at each end of the machine.
These centres face each other, and the shaft of each centre is provided
with a toothed wheel caused to revolve by spur wheels on the main
driving shaft, or on an auxiliary shaft, or other driving arrangements
may be used. The two centres revolve together in the same direction
and with same speed. The wood to be cut into laths is first cut into
the required lengths and one end is forced upon one of the centres,
the other centre is then forced into the opposite end of the wood, for
which purpose its shaft is moved inwards by a screw at one end.
There are slots in frame standards above and below the centre bearings,
and in these slots slide bearings which carry two rollers; the lower roller

page_text: is plain and the upper one although of the same diameter as the lower
has knives on its circumference which radiate from the centre thereof,
the distance between the knives determines the width of the laths to be
cut. The two rollers are pressed towards the wood to be cut by weighted
levers or screws and pinions acting upon the bearings of the rollers or by
equivalent contrivances. The rollers are made to revolve by belts and
pulleys at one or both ends, or by other suitable means. Upon one of
the centre shafts is a bevel wheel which gears into a wheel on the lower
end of a shaft carrying a worm at one end which gears into a wheel
on a shaft provided with cams which operate upon trucks carried by the
frame of an adjustable knife above which is a guide plate. This knife
and guide plate are pressed towards the centre of the wood by the
cams, as the wood revolves the thickness is reduced to correspond with
the thickness of the required lath the sheet having been cut by the
knives of the upper roller into strips of the width of the laths; the laths
as they fall from the edges of the knives are deposited on to the
floor or into a convenient receptacle. Although I have described my
Invention in respect of cutting laths it is also applicable to the cutting
of other similar articles.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND COMPOSITION FOR PREVENTING THE FORMATION OF SCALE IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph West at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd
February 1868.
I, JOSEPH WEST, of 28, Raglan Road, Plumstead, in the County of
Kent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED METHOD OF AND COMPOSITION FOR PREVENTING THE FORMATION OF
SCALE IN STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object an improved method of and
composition for preventing the formation of scale in steam boilers.
For this purpose I paint over the interior of the boiler with a composition
which is sufficiently tenacious to adhere to the skin of the boiler during
use, but which nevertheless slowly wastes or perishes off the metal, so
that no permanent surface is offered to which a scale can attach itself,
and then the material which would form a scale falls as mud to the
bottom of the boiler, and is run out from time to time.

page_text: The composition I employ contains the following ingredients:—
Stone lime
-
Soft soap
Soda
Colza oil
Turps
Blacklead
Whitelead
Water
->
14 lbs.
-
1 lbs.
-
1 lbs.
-
2 pints.
5
-
1 pint.
-
1 lbs.
-
4 lbs.
- 17 lbs.
When the composition is required for use it is mixed with a further 10
quantity of water to the consistency of thick paint, and it may be
applied to the surface with a brush.
It will be seen that the composition partakes of the nature both of
an oil paint and a whitewash; it has not the permanence of the one
or the fugitiveness of the other, and it is this which renders it suitable 15
for the purpose.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR IMPARTING HEAT TO THE FEET AND BODY WHILST TRAVELLING OR OTHERWISE
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Jones and James
Jackson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 20th May 1868.
We, DAVID JONES, of Cambridge Heath, Hackney Road, and JAMES
JACKSON, of Ann Street, Ratcliffe, both in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR IMPARTING HEAT TO THE FEET AND BODY WHILST TRAVELLING
OR OTHERWISE," to be as follows:-
Our Invention has for its object imparting warmth to persons
travelling in railway or other carriages, or seated in churches, or in
other situations in which the feet and body are liable to become chilled
during the colder seasons of the year, and our Invention consists in
employing for the above-named purpose the heat derived from the flame
(or flames) of a lamp, candle, or of gas arranged within an apparatus
which may be either portable or a fixture, and upon which the feet are
placed after the manner of a foot stool.
In order to carry our Invention into practice we enclose the flame
(or flames) of a lamp, candle, or of gas within a chamber or box having

page_text: a lid, by means of which the apparatus can be closed, and provided with
suitable apertures which we prefer to cover with wire gauze for the
admission of air to the flame of the lamp. We prefer to employ a
lamp in which the burning spirit is contained in sponge or other
absorbent as is practised in some descriptions of mineral spirit lamps,
and above the flame of the lamp we arrange a metallic plate or
distributor, by means of which the heated products of combustion are
diverted towards the sides of the chamber within which the lamp is
burning. Above the metallic plate or distributor (which may be per-
forated if desired) we arrange a removable grating, by preference formed
of wood, the metallic plate or heat distributor being so attached to the
grating as to leave an air space between them; when it is desired to
use the apparatus the lid of the chamber or box is raised and the grating
and distributing plate removed, when the lamp can be lighted by
means of a match taken from a suitable receptacle provided within the
chamber; the grating and distributing plate are then replaced above
the lighted lamp, and two brackets (hinged to the grating) raised so as
to support the lid of the box or chamber in such a position that the
heated air from the lamp will be caused to circulate under, over, and
around the feet placed upon the grating.
The form and arrangement of the apparatus may be greatly varied, and
the number of flames from lamps or jets of gas employed for this purpose
may also be varied without departing from the nature of our Invention.
IMPROVED MEANS OF PREVENTING THE RADIATION OF HEAT FROM STEAM PIPES, CYLINDERS, AND BOILERS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samson Chambers and Charles
Broadhead at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 15th May 1808.
We, SAMSON CHAMBERS and CHARLES BROADHEAD, of Brightside,
Sheffield, in the County of York, Engineers, do hereby declare the naturo
of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS OF PREVENTING THE RADIATION
OF HEAT FROM STEAM PIPES, CYLINDERS, AND BOILERS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in the application of a certain non-conducting
covering to such pipes, cylinders, and boilers, for the purpose of
preventing the loss of heat by radiation.
We first cover the steam pipe, cylinder, or boiler with coiled hay or
straw bands steeped in the cement, and then plaster these over with a
cement or composition made of "gannister," oak bark, cows' or other
hair, and coal or other tar well mixed and ground up together to the
consistency of plaster or cement.

page_text: The proportions of the composition may be somewhat varied according
to circumstances, but those which we have found to answer well in
practice are,
Gannister
about 7/14 parts by weight.
Oak bark -
"
2/14
Cows or other hair
"
1/14
Coal tar
"
4/14
"
The three first-named materials are first ground up together in a dry
state, and when well mixed the coal or other tar is added by degrees,
stirring the same during the mixture until the composition arrives at
the proper consistency. The composition is laid over the hay or straw
bands by means of a trowel or other suitable instrument, and when dry
forms an efficient non-conducting coating.
A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS OR FOUNTAIN FOR DISPERSING OR THROWING LIQUIDS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Reissmann at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
August 1868. A communication from abroad by Friedrich Wilhelm
Bossert, of Offenbach on the Maine, Germany.
I, HENRY REISSMANN, of Watling Street, in the City of London,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS OR FOUNTAIN FOR DISPERSING OR THROWING
LIQUIDS," (a communication to me from abroad by Friedrich Wilhelm
Bossert, of Offenbach on the Maine, Germany,) to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the construction and employment of
apparatus or fountains for throwing liquids in the following manner:-
A hollow flexible vessel made by preference of vulcanized india-rubber
contains the liquid to be projected. The base of the vessel is attached
to a button on a rod free to slide through a frame which is made in
a piece with or supported by a pedestal or pillar. A to-and-fro motion
is imparted to the rod by a lever or button, and when a lever is
employed it passes through the pedestal. A nozzle is fitted to the top
of the flexible vessel, which is provided with ornamental or other
arms, whereby it may be removed by unscrewing or otherwise. On
pressing up the rod below the liquid in the vessel may be projected to

page_text: a more or less considerable distance as desired. A basin surrounds the
nozzle to catch and preserve the liquid projected, and which runs back
into the vessel by unscrewing the nozzle. The whole apparatus may be
surrounded by an ornamental frame, to which may be attached such
articles known as ladies' companions, cigar holders, and other useful or
ornamental articles.
CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Horrocks at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th
September 1868.
I, JOHN HORROCKS, of Ainsworth, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the under "picking motion" employed in
looms for the purpose of reducing the amount of friction, and also for
balancing the mechanism by which the "pick" is effected, and thereby
facilitating the operation of producing such "pick."
The improvements consist in casting on or applying to the outer
arms of the cranks on the crank shaft a ring, disc, or plate, having a
circular flange projecting from its periphery. Upon the ring or body of
this plate between the top and bottom of and inside this flange a flat
plate or length of metal is secured, in which a slot is formed which
extends from the top to the bottom of such plate through the centre, the
crank shaft forming a continuation from this plate to its termination, its
attachment thereto being effected by means of a fork or slotted
projection. Into the slot of this plate a slide is placed, from which two
studs project which are acted upon by the ordinary "scroll" or "spiral
now employed, the action of the scroll upon the lower projecting

page_text: stud of the slide being employed for the purpose of raising and lowering
the top or second projecting stud so as to bring it at each alternate
"pick" into contact with the stud or the "picking stick," the slotted
plates and slides on each side of the loom being so adjusted that they
alternately effect the "picking" of the shuttle from box to box as
desired.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLING AND GAINING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Jackson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
April 1868.
I, SAMUEL JACKSON, of Bury, in the County of Lancaster, Auctioneer
and Valuer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLING AND GAINING MOTIVE POWER," to be as
follows:-
My improvement consists in in applying the pressure of steam, gas,
water, or any other fluid or liquid to a wheel, pulley, hoop, or cylinder,
so as to act on the circumference or oends, or n the internal or external
surface, and cause it to revolve on its axis either vertically or at any
angle thereto so as to produce motive power.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TAPS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Davies at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
February 1868. A communication from abroad by Joseph Antoine
Broquin and Armand Lainé, both of Paris, in the Empire of
France.
I, GEORGE DAVIES, of No. 1, Serle Street, Lincoln's Inn, in the
County of Middlesex, and No. 87, St. Vincent Street, in the City of
Glasgow, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TAPS," (a communication
to me from abroad by Joseph Antoine Broquin and Armand Lainé,
both of Paris, in the Empire of France,) to be as follows:-
The object of these improvements is to retard the closing of taps of
any construction so as to prevent the shock or concussion in the pipe
which is caused by the velocity of the water when the flow is suddenly
stopped. This result is obtained in two ways, firstly, by applying to
the tap a pneumatic piston or diaphragm connected with the closing
movement of the tap in such a manner as to tend to create a vacuum
behind the piston and thus retard the closing of the tap; and, secondly,
in applying a "cataract" valve in like manner, so as to increase the
length of time occupied in closing the tap for the same purpose.

page_text: For instance, in applying this Invention to that form of tap wherein
the flow of water is shut off by raising or depressing a spindle on which
is fixed a conical valve of leather or india-rubber, the spindle is pro-
longed below the valve, and is provided at its lower extremety with a
piston working in a cylindrical recess in the lower part of the body of
the tap, and a small opening is drilled through the said piston. In the
former case on the rising of the valve spindle the piston tends to create
a vacuum in the cylindrical recess below it, and it can only rise in
proportion as the water flows through the small orifice in the piston
into the cylindrical space below it. In the latter case the depressing
of the valve spindle tends to compress the water below the piston, and
it can only descend gradually as the said water flows upwards through
the orifice. In both cases the closing of the tap takes place slowly so
as to diminish progressively the velocity of the water in the pipe, and
thus prevent all shock or concussion, the said shock or concussion being
diminished in proportion as the time of closing of the tap is lengthened,
which will depend upon the size of the orifice or perforation in the
piston.
It may be here obscrved that this principle of retardation as above
described may be applied with more or less variation in its details to
various kinds of taps, whether the latter are self-closing by the simple
pressure of the water, or by a spring, or are closed by the aid of a lever,
screw, or other mechanical arrangement.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNAMENTING BOBBIN NET LACE AND OTHER FABRICS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Cleaver at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
August 1868.
I, JOSEPH CLEAVER, of Leen Side, Nottingham, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNAMENTING
BOBBIN NET LACE AND OTHER FABRICS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in ornamenting bobbin
net lace and other fabrics. For this purpose I take metal foil or leaf,
usually of gold or silver or bronze color, and I cut it up by means of
sharp cutting instruments into small pieces of rectangular or other
definite rectilinear or other forms, or such definite forms may be other-
wise produced; I then dress the surface of the bobbin net or other
fabric with a strongly adhesive material, and I sprinkle the small pieces
of sheet metal on to the surface of the fabric, to which they adhere as
they fall, and when the dressing is dry the small metallic figures will be
firmly attached. In this way an entirely novel effect is obtained arising
from the rectilinear or other definite and regular forms of the small
metallic ornaments together with their irregular arrangement on the face

page_text: of the fabric. The dressing which I prefer to employ to cause the
adhesion of the metallic figures consists of gum or resin dissolved in
spirit so as to form a varnish; and a similar dressing I also employ in
some cases to cause the adhesion of bronze powder or crumbled metal
leaf to bobbin net lace and other fabrics.
Also I ornament bobbin net lace and other fabrics with small pieces
of colored paper or other colored material cut to rectilinear or other
definite forms, and sprinkled irregularly over the dressed fabric, as
already described in respect to the use of ornaments of metal foil or leaf.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE AND MECHANICAL HYDRAULIC POWER
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Ledger at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th August
1868.
I, EDWARD LEDGER, of No. 5, Edwards Terrace, Commercial Road,
Peckham, in the County of Surrey, Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
OBTAINING MOTIVE AND MECHANICAL HYDRAULIC POWER," to be as follows:-
I use a cylindrical pump of sufficient capacity that when connected
with the cylinder of a hydraulic ram by a proper sized connecting tube
on each depression and elevation of the piston of the cylindrical pump
there will be a corresponding elevation and depression of the ram in the
hydraulic machine; in this consists the hydraulic mechanical power.
By the use of two or more of the aforesaid described machines acting on
a suitable crank I obtain hydraulic motive power. I use the aforesaid
machines in connexion with manual, animal, wind, water, or steam
power according to the purpose to which I want to apply them, or the
economy by which either of the above powers may be used most
advantageously.
A NEW TOY REPRESENTING GAME COCKS OR OTHER BIRDS OR ANIMALS IN THE ACT OF FIGHTING
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Jewitt at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
September 1868.-A communication from abroad by William W.
Rose, of New York, United States of America.
I, HENRY JEWITT, of Kentish Town, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW TOY
REPRESENTING GAME COCKS OR OTHER BIRDS OR ANIMALS IN THE ACT OF
FIGHTING," a communication to me from abroad by William W. Rose,
of New York, United States of America, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a new toy representing game cocks, roosters,
or other birds or animals in the act of fighting, and consists in placing
on or between blocks of wood a bent wire or wires in the shape of
bell-crank levers, the ends of each of the under levers being connected
to a wire terminating in a ring or its equivalent on either end of the box
or tray in which the said mechanism is contained, and the ends of the
upper levers projecting through the lid or covering of the said box
or tray and being inserted in a small tube turning or revolving freely
on a pivot passing through the bodies or other convenient part or parts
of the said fighting cocks, roosters, or other birds or animals, which may

page_text: be made of cardboard, calico, or any other suitable material, and be
decorated or ornamented in any suitable manner. To set the mechanism
above described in motion, the rings or their equivalents projecting
from the ends of the said box or tray are pulled backwards and forwards
by the operator and communicate their motion through the levers to
the cocks or other birds or animals which will be projected towards and
from each other, their heads and wings (in the case of birds) moving
and flapping from the rapid action imparted to them, thus giving them
the appearance of fighting. Their beaks or other parts of their heads
may be fastened together at a short distance apart by cotton or other
material to prevent them from being thrown back too far and also to
keep their heads in an upright position.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF PHOSPHATES OF LIME AND IN OBTAINING PRODUCTS THEREFROM
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Astley Paston Price at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th July 1868. - A communication from abroad by Eugène
Pelouze and Lucien Dusart, both of Paris, in the Empire of France,
Chemists.
I, ASTLEY PASTON PRICE, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County
of Middlesex, Consulting Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF PHOSPHATES OF
LIME AND IN OBTAINING PRODUCTS THEREFROM," a communication from abroad
by Eugène Pelouze and Lucien Dusart, both of Paris, in the Empire of
France, Chemists, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in submitting bones, coprolites, animal
charcoal, or other natural or artificial phosphates to the action of acids,
such as sulphuric, hydrochloric, or nitric acids, and precipitating from
soluble portion of the result of such decomposition what is known as

page_text: bibasic phosphate of lime, either by the addition of lime, or of carbonate
of lime, or of other calcareous compounds. The bibasic phosphate of
lime thus obtained is especially applicable for agricultural purposes, but
it may also be employed for other purposes useful in the arts.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TUMBLERS, GOBLETS, WINE GLASSES, AND OTHER VESSELS OF GLASS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas George Webb at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th November 1868.
I, THOMAS GEORGE WEBB, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Glass Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TUMBLERS, GOBLETS, WINE GLASSES,
AND OTHER VESSELS OF GLASS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the separation of those portions of vessels of
glass which have been attached to the "blowing iron," such operation
being now performed with scissors while the material is in a heated
state. To accomplish this I propose to use a diamond fixed in a suitable
frame and to cause the surface of the article to move against it through
the medium of a revolving table; or by a reversed operation I keep the
article stationary and cause the diamond to revolve.
By another method I cause the surface of the article to pass in contact
with a wire heated by electricity. One method of operating consists
in applying a wire around the part to be severed and then passing an
electric current through the said wire, which then becoming heated

page_text: causes a separation of the required part. Or the surface of the article
may be caused to travel against a heated wire by placing it upon a
revolving table as above described. The required part having been
severed I glaze the edge by causing a stream of heat to impinge upon it
by means of a furnace or a blow pipe..
AN IMPROVED PORTABLE LAMP OR LANTERN
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 26th December 1868.-A communication from abroad by
Auguste Beliard and Adolphe Delaplace, both of 23, Boulevard de
Strasbourg, Paris, France.
I, CLINTON EDGCUMBE BROOMAN, of the Firm of Robertson, Brooman,
and Company, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent Agents,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
PORTABLE LAMP OR LANTERN," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of a portable or pocket apparatus which can
be employed for igniting cigars, pipes, or candles, and also as a lantern
or lamp for giving light. Independently of its employment for giving
light, its application to cigar cases, portemonnaies, and other like articles
will permit, notwithstanding wind and rain, of igniting a pipe or cigar
without difficulty or fear of extinction.
The apparatus is composed of a box closed hermetically at the top;
this box contains a wick impregnated with the oil or liquid to be burnt
and which is led out of the box by a tube projecting from the centre.

page_text: As
A cover connected to the box by a hinge covers the wick and three
plates or screens which protect the flame from the outer air. Two of
these screens are of metal and the third is of mica, glass, or other trans-
parent material; they are all three hinged to a small plate which is
itself articulated on the hinge which unites the box and cover. The
three screens are lowered by being superposed upon the plate which
forms their seat; they are each formed with a central hole to allow
passage to the wick which lodges in a central recess in the cover.
soon as the cover is lifted a spring placed on the hinge of the transparent
screen acts so as to raise the three screens quickly; the screens thus
raised surround the wick and protect it from draught. The wick may
then be ignited and the light maintained as long as desired. When it is
required to use the apparatus for the purpose of giving light the cover
is moved into an inclined position, so that it in conjunction with the
three screens forms an enclosed space round the wick. It is held in this
position by a hook; a handle connected to this hook serves to suspend
the apparatus from the hand. In order to close the apparatus the
transparent screen is first lowered, then the other screens, and lastly
the cover. The hook and the handle are folded under the box, so as
not to form inconvenient projections or increase the size of the apparatus.
The handle may, if desired, be fitted in sheaths jointed or pivotted to the
box. A threaded plug is employed to close the opening by which the
impregnated wick or sponge is inserted.
IMPROVED MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CLOG SOLES AND PATTEN BOARDS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Hirst and Wright Hirst
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 11th January 1868.
WC, JOSEPH HIRST, Machinist, aud WRIGHT HIRST, Clog and Patten
Maker, both of Halifax, in the County of York, do hereby declare the
nature of our said Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CLOG SOLES AND PATTEN BOARDS," to be as follows:-
A "block" from which to manufacture a sole or a patten board is
received and held securely by means of a clamp or vice attached to a
table or stand, over which is caused to pass a revolving cutter; the
travelling cutter and its shaft and bearings are supported by and work
on small pullies or wheels; one part of the tramway or "race" on which
the wheels run is removable and curvilinear in form to act as a cam or
tappet, that is, its surface is uneven so as to cause the cutter to rise and
fall whilst passing along the block, and thus cut the block to the form
of the inside of the sole. The block is now turned over and secured as
before and the cam or tappet removed from the race, and another of a
form to give the necessary rising and falling motion to the cutter is
substituted for cutting the outside of the sole, and the same operation

page_text: and change of cam or tappet is employed in cutting the edges of the
soles. The heel and toe of the sole is rounded by an operative working
the same by hand against a revolving cutter, after which the "stock
knife" is used to remove the wood forming the arch of the sole in the
face of the heel. The rabbet or groove to which the welting and uppers
is secured is formed by the edge of the sole being passed by the operative
against a circular cutter working on an upright spindle. It will be seen
that by the use of movable parts of the race on which the supports of
the travelling cutter move, and such parts being of curvilinear form so
as to bring the cutter more or less in contact with the block, such block
is reduced to the required form in one machine without the use of a
number of intricately formed change cutters or knives, and without the
complication of tappets and mechanism heretofore employed for the
purpose.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SHUTTLES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Platt at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 10th December 1868.
I, WILLIAM HENRY PLATT, of Ashton-under-Lyne, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SHUTTLES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to dispense with the square mortise
hole which is usually made in the lower side of the shuttle for the
purpose of inserting the bent spring that acts on the squared end of
the shuttle peg, which mortise hole weakens the shuttles considerably
so that they not unfrequently split or break at one of the corners.
of this hole. Instead of cutting the square mortise hole beneath the
shuttle for the reception of the spring I only mortise away sufficient
from the upper part of the shuttle to receive the squared end of the
shuttle peg, and from the base of this short, mortise I bore out a hole
in the direction of the shuttle point, and I insert therein a straight
or flat spring, slightly curved or bent at one end, supporting and
'

page_text: holding the said spring by means of two pins or cotters driven in from
the side of the shuttle. By these means I avoid the necessity for the
square mortise hole in the under side of the shuttle, and I also use a
simpler and more economical form of spring for the shuttle peg.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER BAGS, AND IN THE MEANS OF CLOSING OR FASTENING THE SAME
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Corfield at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th
August 1868. A communication from abroad by Joseph Rapson,
of New Bedford, in the United States of America.
I, THOMAS CORFIELD, of Falmouth, in the County of Cornwall,
Auctioneer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER BAGS, AND IN THE MEANS
OF CLOSING OR FASTENING THE SAME," to be as follows:-
Take ordinary paper bags of any description or size and fasten or
attach a narrow slip of tin by paste or otherwise along one side of the
mouth of the bag, with the ends extending a little way on either side.
The mouth is then bent to keep the bag open whilst being filled, and
when so filled the mouth is again straightened and folded over several
times, and the ends of the slip of tin are then bent back so as to secure
the mouth of the bag.
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF COFFEE ROASTER
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Bennett Johns Heywood at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 7th January 1868.
I, BENNETT JOHNS HEYWOOD, of Colmar, in the Empire of France, but
now residing at Loraine Road, Holloway, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF COFFEE ROASTER," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to facilitate the roasting of coffee by
bringing the operation under inspection, so that the operator may with
certainty determine when the roasting is complete. This. I effect by
the use of a glass vessel or retort for containing the coffee, in which it
is submitted to the heat of a spirit lamp. The vessel I make by
preference spherical, with a cylindrical neck that forms a hollow trunnion.
This sphere I surround by cross bands of wire threaded through holes
made near the edges of a cup-shaped metal disc, and connected at their
opposite ends with a metal collar which is fitted to the neck or hollow
glass trunnion. From the centre of the disc projects a stud that forms
a trunnion for the vessel to rotate on. The vessel thus fitted I mount
in bearings on a stand or box which is formed to receive a spirit lamp for

page_text: imparting the requisite heat for roasting the coffee. The hollow trunnion
I fit with a spring stopper so formed as to allow of the escape of the
vapor driven off during the roasting operation, and to the stud axle I
apply a winch handle. The coffee is admitted to the vessel through the
hollow trunnion, and the stopper being then applied thereto the vessel
is placed over the flame of the spirit lamp, and turned slowly round in
its bearings until by the change of color and the expansion of the
berries the operator judges that the roasting operation is completed.
A NEW MANUFACTURE OF METAL FOR AXLES, SHAFTS, RAILS, TYRES, AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Brook Woodcock at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
31st March 1868..
I, HENRY BROOK WOODCOCK, of Low Moor, near Bradford, in the
County of York, Forge Manager, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "A NEW MANUFACTURE OF METAL FOR AXLES, SHAFTS,
RAILS, TYRES, AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the manufacture of metal especially suited
for axles, shafts, rails, tyres, and other purposes where hardness and
malleability are required, and consists in the employment of steel bars.
with the iron in the puddling furnace, such steel bars being cut into.
pieces of suitable lengths and added to the iron in certain proportions.
according to the purpose and degree of hardness and malleability
required. In the manufacture of this metal care must be taken that.
the pieces of steel are equally distributed or well mixed with the iron.
in the puddling furnace so as to ensure the mass being as homogeneous.
as possible.
IMPROVED APPARATUS TO FACILITATE THE ASCENDING OF GRADIENTS BY LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Philip Martin Villamil at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th March 1868.
I, PHILIP MARTIN VILLAMIL, of Coleshill Street, Eaton Square, in
the County of Middlesex, Artist, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS TO FACILITATE THE ASCENDING OF
GRADIENTS BY LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention is intended to assist locomotive engines to ascend
steep gradients, and consists principally of an iron or steel wheel or
cylinder (supplied with two flanges), the curved surface of the said
wheel or cylinder being depressed at given intervals so as to form steps
with the continuation of the curve, the outline of which steps may
assume the form of a concave curve like a semicircle, an elliptical
or parabolic curve, or that of a re-entering angle the two sides of which
are equal and symmetrical, or graduated steps that may run in a spiral
direction from one flange to the other or merely to the middle of the
curved surface to return by a reversed spiral to the level of the first
graduated step. This wheel is to be applied to an iron or steel beam or
rail which is to be laid between and parallel with the ordinary rails,

page_text: being so shaped as to fit exactly the various levels of the curved surface
of the wheel, namely, salient convex steps or projections are to fit into
the depressed concave levels or other depressions of the wheel, and vice
verså. The wheel or wheels is (or are) attached to the locomotive
engine, and may be worked by one or two cranks like the driving wheel
of a locomotive engine, or in couples with the axes of the cylinders in a
vertical position and pressing on both sides of a beam or rail formed
as above described and placed vertically (or on edge) between them.
Puddled steel would perhaps be the best material to be used both for
the wheel and beam or centre rail. The coupled wheels must be worked
separately or independently of each other so as to enable them to turn
curves in the road. The use of wheels or cylinders and beams or rails
formed as above described would enable locomotive engines to take
a firm hold or grip and thus to ascend gradients which they could
not possibly do with wheels and rails of the ordinary construction
only.
I may here remark that my improved wheels or cylinders and beams
or rails are intended to be used in addition to the ordinary bearing or
running wheels and rails, and the former are (by preference) to be so
mounted that they can be raised up out of the way if required when
travelling along the level parts of the railway.
AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR SIFTING PULVERIZED TOBACCO IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SNUFF
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Bateman Gardner at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th May 1868..
I, JOHN BATEMAN GARDNER, of Kendal; in the County of West-
moreland, Tobacconist, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR SIFTING PULVERIZED TOBACCO IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF SNUFF," to be as follows:-
Heretofore in sifting pulverized tobacco in the manufacture of snuff,
vibrating and oscillating sieves or screens, mostly hand sieves, have been
employed. Their use has been attended with many drawbacks, principal
amongst them being, (1), the slowness of the operation; (2), the
prejudicial effect on the health of the workmen; and (3), the difficulty
of separating one quality as regards fineness of mechanical division from
another.
The object of my Invention is to provide a machine free from the
above objections or drawbacks; for this purpose I support on a suitable
frame a rotating screen of cylindrical, polygonal, or other form, the axis
whereof rests preferably in an inclined position. The circumference or
outline of the said screen is covered with wire gauze of uniform mesh

page_text: all over, or in sections with wire gauze of different sized meshes; in the
former case to deliver one quality of snuff, in the latter two or more
qualities. The pulverized tobacco is fed from a shoot to the higher end
and sifts through the meshes during rotation, but there being a natural
tendancy to "clog up" the openings, I provide beaters, which operated
by tappets or otherwise fall on the screen from time to time;, the shock
tends to open the meshes. The lower end of the screen is open and any
of the pulverized tobacco not sufficiently reduced falls out thereat into a
receptacle. In or near the said receptacle I place a magnet to attract
and retain nails or pieces of iron so as to allow the rough tobacco to be
returned direct to the pulverizer. The whole machine is enclosed in a
case to prevent the dust flying over the milk.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MINERS' LAMPS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Louis Desens at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th December
1868.
I, LOUIS DESENS, of No. 31, Charing Cross, in the County of
Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MINERS' LAMPS," to be as follows:-
This Invention is an improvement on a former Patent granted to me
under the No. 2891 of the 19th September 1868, and consists in lowering
the gallery in the interior of the body of the lamp so as to admit of the
whole of the mechanism being closed in by the platform (which in this
case is raised above the gallery), the object being to prevent any
tampering therewith, and the more effectually to prevent the miners (in
the event of their successfully opening the lamp) from relighting the
same. With this view I make a circular aperture in the centre of the
platform for the reception of a circular metal plate, having in its centre
a small tube forming the burner up which the wick passes, this piece is
got into position by screwing, two small projections in steel being thereto
fixed for this purpose, a check being attached to the interior of the
central aperture, the largest of these projections on coming in contact

page_text: with a boss attached to a spring forces the latter backwards, allowing the
projection on the plate of the burner to pass, when this is effected the
whole is closed, so that no one unconnected with the secret of opening
the lamp can possibly reinstate the wick for lighting. It is by means of
the detent mentioned in the former Invention that the wick and holder
become accessible for re-adjustment. This detent is slightly elongated
so as to admit of its passing through a small slot in the platform, and by
pressing it outwards to the left with the thumb the small horizontal shaft
at its extremity (as described in my former Patent) is brought to bear
against the boss on the spring before alluded to, and forcing it back
the projection on the circular plate of the burner is freed, and then by
turning the piece it is readily removed either for re-adjusting the wick
or refilling the lamp with oil.
In all other respects the functions of the several parts mentioned in
the previous Invention remain unchanged, the object of the present
improvement being to effect a further safeguard against re-lighting-or-
exposing the flame, as any attempt so to do without the knowledge of
the secret lock would be futile as in the event of a minor succeeding
in opening the lamp, the light being extinguished as explained in my
former Patent, the wick cannot be got at.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COFFEE POTS, TEA. POTS, AND OTHER SIMILAR VESSELS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jeremiah Lorkin at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
September 1868.
I, JEREMIAH LORKIN, of Norwood, in the County of Surrey,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COFFEE POTS, TEA. POTS, AND OTHER SIMILAR VESSELS," to
be as follows:-
My Invention consists in constructing a channel, gutter, or water
space around the outside of the upper portion of the coffee pot or other
vessel, and in forming the lid with a depending rim to enter or take into
the channel or water space, the rim reaching nearly or quite to the
bottom of the channel. The outer edge of the channel is preferably
higher than the inner edge. When the channel or space is filled with
cold water it not only forms a water lute or seal to prevent the escape
of steam or vapor from the pot, but also serves to condense the vapor, so
that the liquid resulting from the condensation falls down into the pot,.
and the aroma of the coffee or the fragrance of the tea or other substance
is thus restored to the main contents of the pot. To prevent escape of
steam or aroma by the spout or tap of the pot or vessel I carry down

page_text: from the inner end of the spout or tap a tube, division, or diaphragm
reaching nearly to the bottom of the pot; the liquid in the pot thus
forms with this division a liquid seal. In some cases instead of the water
joint at the lid I provide the lid with flanges, and place between the
flanges a gasket of any suitable material tightened by a cross bar and
screws or otherwise. These flanges may also be ground and faced
similarly to those of hot water and steam pipe joints.
My Invention further consists in the employment of an inside and
an outside funnel for supplying the liquid uniformly over the coffee or
substance within the pot. The outside funnel passes through the lid,
and is bent at the lower end so as to prevent escape of vapor; the inside
funnel is situated immediately below the lower end of the outside funnel
and is terminated at its lower end by a rose or spreader. When I dis-
pense with the water joint at the lid I form a close ehamber or condenser
round the upper part of the vessel, and either inside or outside, for the
purpose of condensing the vapor, as before explained; this chamber may
be supplied with cold water continuously or otherwise. I also provide
the vessel at the lid or upper part with two valves, one for the escape of
vapor when the pressure is great, and the other for admitting air. I find.
it desirable to fit the vessel with a guage for indicating the height and
quantity of the liquid therein.
My Invention further consists in the employment in the pot or vessel
of a movable tray or holder for holding and dividing the coffee. or
material. This tray consists preferably of several superposed plates.
secured at short distances apart and resting on a suitable flange or pro-
jection; each of these plates should be smaller than that next below it.
in order that the overflow from one may be received by the other..
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SHIPS OR VESSELS OF WAR
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Ridley Oswald at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th August 1868.
I, THOMAS RIDLEY OSWALD, of Pallion High Yard, Sunderland, in
the County of Durham, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SHIPS OR VESSELS OF WAR,"
to be as follows:-
My plan for a new armour-plated frigate or vessel is as follows:-To
build a low vessel with only some 4 feet freeboard when all complete,
or thereabouts more or less, which is to be made quite shot proof. On
the deck of this vessel for half its length amidships or thereabouts, more
or less, and ths its beam on deck or thereabouts, more or less, to erect
an oblong battery, the remaining space on deck being made also bomb
proof, whose sides and ends lay at an angle of 45° or thereabouts, more
or less, and whose top is circular. This battery stands some 9 feet above
the deck, and is pierced at the 2 sides and ends for the largest size of
guns. To enclose this battery I erect a light but water-tight spar deck,
wherein the officers and crew have their accommodation.

page_text: My method of buiding the battery is by heavy and long plates bent
to the half section of the battery and laid side to side and bolted and
grooved together with strengthening pieces at back and covered or not
by plates on outside fitted in grooves formed by the rib backing. By
this means I get a greater power. In addition to the central battery I
can either or not place another of the same formation at the bow and
one at the stern, and thus dispense with the end guns of central battery.
I can have more or less freeboard in other vessels, and dispense or not
with the spar deck, only fitting fast or moveable bulwarks.
The novel points in the arrangement above set forth are the com-
bination of the midship battery enclosed at the top with a light spar
deck with an inclined shot-proof deck extending all around the battery,
and also the method of constructing the battery as described.
I claim for my system more than the combined advantages of the
turret and broadside system, lighter draft of vessel, more resisting power,
better sea-going qualities, adapted for either large or small vessels,
capacity to work all or any of the guns in any weather, good and spacious
accommodation for officers and crew, with safe quarters to retire to
when in action, and a less costly vessel, and also for the power of
resistance and attack, greater speed, and a lighter draft of water.