A SPRING PAUL WASHER
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Woodcroft Hammond, of 43, Princess
Street, Manchester, in the County of Lancashire, Engineer, for the
Invention of "A SPRING PAUL WASHER."-A communication from
abroad by Philip Justice, of the City of Philadelphia, State of
Pennsylvania, United States of America, Commission Agent:
Sealed the 1st June 1869, and dated the 21st December 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Woodcroft
Hammond at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 21st December 1868.
I, HENRY WOODCROFT HAMMOND, of 43, Princess Street, Manchester,
in the County of Lancashire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "A SPRING PAUL WASHER" (a communication) to
be as follows:-
This Invention relates to washers to be used with bolts and nuts, and
consists in cutting through a washer of the ordinary shape so as to
present taper edges, and allow of its being forced from the form of a
plane to that of a heliz, the object being that when it is placed in front

page_text: of a nut and screwed so tight as to again assume the form of a plane
the cut edges will act with such force against the nut and other part to
which it is screwed as to prevent the nut from turning round when
violently shaken by railway trains or other means.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Woodcroft Hammond in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 14th June 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
WOODCROFT HAMMOND, of 43, Princess Street, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Henry Woodcroft Hammond,
Her special licence that I, the said Henry Woodcroft Hammond, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Henry Woodcroft Hammond, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "A SPRING PAUL WASHER," (a communication to him from
abroad by Philip Justice, of the City of Philadelphia, State of Penn-
sylvania, United States of America, Commission Agent, upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry Woodcroft Hammond,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Woodcroft Hammond, do
hereby declare the nature of said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in

page_text: and by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawings
hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is
to say:-
This Invention relates to washers to be used with bolts and nuts, and
consists in cutting through a washer of the ordinary shape so as to
present taper edges and allow of it being forced from the form of a
plane to that of a helix, by which means when it is placed in front of a
nut and screwed so tight as to again assume the form of a plane the
cut edges will act with such force against the nut and the other parts
to which it is screwed as to prevent the nut from turning round when
violently shaken by railway trains or other means.
In order to enable others to use and practice this Invention I describe
its construction and operation thus,―
On reference to the accompanying Drawings, which form a part of the
Specification, Fig. 1 represents washers C, C, secured by an ordinary
bolt A to piece of wood B; Fig. 2 shows front view of washer cut with
shears or other mechanical appliances at D, so as to present taper edges,
and Fig. 3, side view of same, with the taper edges e, e, forced or
bent apart.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of "An Improved
Spring Paul Washer," and explained the manner of carrying the same
into effect, I wish it to be understood that under the above in part
recited Letters Patent I claim, a washer so cut as to present taper edges
and bent to the form of a helix.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Woodcroft Hammond, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of June, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
nine.
HENRY WOODCROFT HAMMOND. (L.s.)