Improvements in Terra Cotta Building Blocks and Appliances for Making the same.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Oct., 1886.
Complete Left, 17th Feb., 1887.
Complete Accepted 17th May, 1887
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Terra Cotta Building Blocks and Appliances for
Making the same.
JAMES DAVY DENNY Meadow Cottage, Llangollen North Wales Manager at the
Pant Glazed Brick Works Ruabon North Wales do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
For Facing Terra Cotta with plain and ornamental faces in various Colors.
"
To put a plain face on Terra Cotta-Cut a piece of prepared Clay (or any Clay that
will stand a good fire) to the size you require to fill the Box, (less the thickness of
the facing, which may be " or " or what thickness may be wanted) then run the
facing (which is of a finer Clay than the body of the Terra Cotta) to the thickness and
size you require to cover the piece of Clay taking care that it is large enough to allow
of a lap" at the sides and ends of the Block or picce of Clay that you have to face-
then put it on the Block or piece of Clay, then "pat" it down on the Block or piece
of Clay with your hand or batter," after which lift it on to the moveable portion of
the Box, marked A on Drawing see Fig. No. 2. then turn the handle marked P see
Fig. No. 1 to bring the moveable portion of the Box A into position see Fig. No. 4,
push in the pin marked W see Figs. Nos. 4 & 5 to hold the moveable portion of the
Box fast, and turn the handle of the wheel of the Press marked V. see Fig. No. 1.
which will bring down the Top Die C. into the Box as shown by Fig. No.
and by
so doing squeeze the Clay to the Face of the Facing Plate K. on side Die L. (the
side Die L should be set about an inch or inch and half from the face of the inside of
the Box, according to the pressure required, then set the Donkey Engine in motion,
which will move the Piston Rod backwards and then forward, bringing the side Die L
flush with the face of the inside of the Box, afterwards turn the handles S see
No. Fig. No. 1. which will drive the hollow dies, marked B see Fig. No. 1, into the body
of the Piece of Terra Cotta, and form four circular air chambers, afterwards turn the
handle the other way, as shown on Fig. 1 marked B on the right hand side, the
piece of Terra Cotta is then made-then turn the handle marked Z on Fig. No. 5 and
it will bring the piece of Terra Cotta back to the same place as it was started from
see Fig. No. 2, then can be lifted off on to a board ready for drying and firing-

page_text: the side Die L can be regulated to work exactly, by first ascertaining the length of
the stroke wanted.
To make an ornamental face. An ornamental face with various Colored Pateras on
the face, is made by the same process as the plain faces, with the exception that a
piece of Clay, facing Clay, of a different Color to that for the face, is put into the
opening at X see Fig. No. 7. and pushed in say of an inch from the face of
the facing plate marked Y. Fig. No. 7, then by turning the handle N Fig. No. 7 it
sends the ornamental Dies in, which fixes the Pateras on the face of the piece of Terra
Cotta the side Die R would have to be drawn out of the Box before one could fill
in the opening at X.
A large piece of Terra Cotta can be made quickly by this process, being different
to the way it is made now, viz. in Plaster of Paris Moulds, which is a costly and
slow process.
Terra Cotta faced by this process will stand the weather and not chip off as the
faces &c. are put on by a double pressure.
The Box and Press &c. to be made of Iron Steel and Brass.
I claim as my Invention the facing of Terra Cotta in one or more colors, and the
appliances for making the same.
The moveable portion of the Box marked A sec Fig. No. 4 may be worked by
Steam, instead of being moved by a handle or whcel marked W Fig. No. 5, by
fixing a rod (& let into the side of the moveable portion of the Box A. Fig. No. 4)
to the Cam of the Engine-but of this I will specify fully in the Complete
Specification.
Fig. No. 1. on Drawing shews Transverse Section of Box & Press, section through
back of sliding or moveable portion of Box marked A, section through sliding hollow
dies marked B, section through Gog wheel and apparatus for moving sliding portion
of the Box marked A.
Fig. No. 2 shows section through Box and moveable portion of Box.
Longitudinal section of Box and Press.
Fig. No. 3
Fig. No. 4
Fig. No. 5
Fig. No. 6
Fig. No. 7
"
Plan of Press looking down.
"
22
"1
various colors.
Side Elevation of Box & Press.
Elevation of Front of side Die marked L.
Section of side Die R for making Terra Cotta with Pateras of
Fig. No. 8. shews section through Piston Rod & Elevation of sido Die R for
making Terra Cotta in various Colors.
Fig. No. 9 shews Plans of Ornamental side Dies looking down.
Fig. No. 10
"
Perspective Sketch of piece to regulate the thickness of the
Blocks required, so that pieces of Terra Cotta can be made of different thickness
out of the same Box.
Fig. No. 11 shews Perspective Sketch of side Die I, out of the Box.
Fig. No. 12
"
of Block of Terra Cotta in two Colors.
Fig. No. 18
"
Section through hollow sliding dies.
M. Bed of Engine.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Terra Cotta Building Blocks and Appliances for
Making the same.
JAMES DAVY DENNY Meadow Cottage, Llangollen North Wales, Manager at the
Pant Glazed Brick Works, Ruabon North Wales do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
For facing Terra Cotta with a plain or Ornamental face, as may be required in
various Colors, as shown on the Drawing filed with the Provisional Specification.
66
"
To put a plain face on Terra Cotta Get a piece of Clay, ordinary Terra Cotta
Clay, to the size you require to fill the Box, less the thickness of the facing, which
may be "or" or what thickness is wanted, then run in lengths, or bat out, the
facing, (which is to be of" rather" finer Clay, than the body of the piece of Terra Cotta)
to the size or sizes required to cover the piece of Clay, taking care the facing or
facings are large enough to allow of a lap" at the Sides & Ends of the Block or
piece of Clay that you have to face, then put them on the Block or piece of Clay and
pat" them down on to Block, with your hand or with a wooden "batter," afterwards
lift it on to the moveable portion of the Box, marked A on Drawing see Fig. No. 2.
then turn the handle marked P see Fig. No. 1. to bring the moveable portion of the
Box A into position see Fig. No. 4. push in the pin marked W. see Figs. Nos. 4 & 5
to hold the moveable portion of the Box fast, then turn the handle of the Wheel of
the Press marked V see Fig. No. 1. which will bring down the Top Die C into the
Box as shown by Fig. No. 4, and by so doing squeeze the Clay to the face of the
facing Plate K on side Die L. (the side Die L. should be set about an inch or inch
and half from the face of the inside of the Box, according to the pressure required,
then set the "Donkey Engine" in motion, which will move the Piston Rod back-
wards and forwards (or vica versa) bringing the side Die L flush with the face of the
inside of the Box, afterwards turn the handles S S Fig. No. 1. which will drive the
hollow dies marked B see Fig. No. 1. into the body of the piece of Terra Cotta, and
form four Circular Air Chambers, afterwards turn the handle the other way, as shown
on Fig. No. 1. marked B on the right side, the piece of Terra Cotta is then made.
Turn the handle marked Z on Fig. No. 5 and it will bring the piece of Terra Cotta
back to the same place it started from see Fig. No. 2 then it may be lifted on to a
board ready for drying and fireing, the Side Die L. can be regulated to work exactly,
by first ascertaining the length of the "Stroke" or thickness of the Block wanted.
To make an ornamental face. An ornamental face, with various Colered Pateras
on the face, is made by the same process as the plain faces, with the exception that a
piece of Clay, facing Clay of a different color, to that for the face, put into the
opening X see Fig. No. 7. and pushed in say 16 of an inch from the face of the facing
plate marked X Fig. No. 7. then by turning the handle N. Fig. No. 7, it sends the
Ornamental Dies in, which fixes the Pateras on the face of the piece of Terra Cotta,

page_text: the side Die I would of course have to be drawn out of the Box before filling in the
opening at X see Fig. No. 7.
A large piece of Terra Cotta may be made quickly by this process, it being pressed
out of a Box, instead of filling the Clay in a Plaster of Paris mould, which is a costly
and slow process, the old way.
Terra Cotta faced by this process will stand the weather and not chip off, as the
faces &c. are put on by double pressure.
Fig. No. 1. on Drawing shews Transverse Section of Box and Press, section
through back of sliding or moveable portion of Box marked A, section through hollow
Dies marked B. section through Cog Wheel and apparatus for moving sliding portion
of the Box marked .A.
Fig. No. 2 shows section through Box and moveable portion of Box.
Fig. No. 3
Fig. No. 4
Fig. No. 5
Fig. No. 6
Fig. No. 7
various Colors.
"
12
"
"
"
Plan of Press, looking down.
Longitudinal section of Box & Press.
Side Elevation of Box and Press.
Elevation of Front side of Die marked L.
Section of side Die R for making Terra Cotta with Pateras of
Fig. No. 8 shews Section through Piston Rod and Elevation of side Die R for
making Terra Cotta in various Colors.
Fig. No. 9 shews Plan of Ornamental side Dies, looking down.
Fig. No. 11
Fig. No. 12
Fig. No. 13
"
??
22
Perspective Sketch of side Die L, out of the Box.
"
of Block of Terra Cotta in two Colors.
Section through hollow sliding Dies.
M. Bed of Engine. XA "rammer to fasten Pateras on face of Blocks T see
Figs. Nos. 3 and
which shews dovetailed pieces let into Box, to make a Block say
18 inches thick.
Fig. No. 10 Perspective view of T pieces like T only with the addition of T which
would be the same length as the Box, but say Two, Three, Four, Five or Six inches
thick, for instance the pieces T as shown by Figs. Nos. 3 and 4 will make a Block
18 inches thick by the length of the Box-now suppose you want a Block, seventeen
sixteen, fifteen, fourteen, thirteen or any thickness within 18 inches, all you have to
do is to get the pieces TA of the depth required; if you want a Block the same length
as the Box by sixteen inches thick or deep, the Pieces TA would have to be Two inches
thick or deep for a Block the same length as the Box and 14 inches thick or deep, the
Pieces TA would require to be 4 inches thick or deep, as the case may be.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention and manner of performing
the same I claim as my Invention―
دو
rammers for
The facing of Terra Cotta Blocks &c., with a facing of various colors, and with
Pateras of different Colors, also the appliances for making the same as follows, and as
shown on Drawing, viz. The Press, Box, moveable portion of the Box marked A sec
Figs. Nos. 1, 2 and 4; Hollow Dies marked B see Fig. No. 1 and "
the same marked XA see Fig. No. 7; the apparatus marked G (on Piston Rod F)
for fitting on and regulating Side Dies L and R see Fig. Nos. 4 and 7; the apparatus
for sliding the moveable portion of Box marked H. P and Z; also regulating pieces
marked T see Figs. Nos. 3 and 10.