IMPROVEMENTS IN BRUSHES
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki, of the Firm of
J. Brandt and G. W. von Nawrocki, Patent Agents, of No. 124, Leipziger
Strasse, Berlin, in the German Empire, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN BRUSHES." A communication by Carl Eduard Flemming, senior (of the
Firm Ed. Flemming & Co.), of Schönheide, in the Kingdom of Saxony.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von
Nawrocki at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th January
1881.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, of the Firm of J. Brandt and G. W. von
Nawrocki, Patent Agents, of No. 124, Leipziger Strasse, Berlin, in the German
Empire. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BRUSHES." [A communication by Carl Eduard
Flemming, senior (of the Firm Ed. Flemming & Co.), of Schönheide, in the
Kingdom of Saxony.]
One part of this Invention has reference to that description of brushes wherein
wires or pins serving in lieu of bristles are secured separately in a caoutchouc
foundation which is fixed to the back of the brush.
According to the present Invention, the whole or some of the said wires or pins
are secured in the elastic foundation sufficiently far apart to allow of tufts of
bristles or wires, or of bristles and wires combined, being introduced between them,
passing through the elastic foundation and into the back of the brush, where they
are secured by wiring or cementing in a similar manner to the tufts of ordinary
brushes. By this means the elastic foundation is securely attached to the back of
the brush, and at the same time the single wires or pins are effectually protected
and supported by the tufts. The outer edge of the elastic foundation may either
be fixed in any known manner, or by means of a row of tufts of bristles or wires,
or of bristles and wires combined, as described in the Provisional Specification of
another application filed by me, bearing equal date herewith.
In securing the edge of the foundation in a groove in the edge of the back of the
brush, instead of cutting such groove in the solid wood forming the back, as has

page_text: been done heretofore, it is preferred to leave the surface of the back level, and to
fix upon the outer edge of the same a separate rim, the inner edge of which is
recessed so as to form the groove, in which recess the edge of the foundation is
secured before fixing the rim on the back. This construction also enables a veneer
of a different coloured wood to be introduced between the said rim and the back,
so as to improve the appearance of the brush.
According to another part of this Invention, instead of constructing brushes with
single wires or pins mounted in an elastic foundation, I make them entirely of tufts
of bristles mixed with fine wires secured in the back of the brush by wiring or
cementing in the usual manner; these tufts may be surrounded by tufts consisting
of bristles only.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 29th June 1881.
"
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, of the Firm of J. Brandt and G. W. von
Nawrocki, Patent Agents, of No. 124, Leipziger Strasse, Berlin, in the German
Empire. IMPROVEMENTS IN BRUSHES." A communication by Carl Eduard
Flemming, senior (of the Firm Ed. Flemming & Co.), of Schönheide, in the Kingdom
of Saxony.
One part of this Invention has reference to that description of brushes wherein
wires or pins serving in lieu of bristles are secured separately in a caoutchouc
foundation which is fixed to the back of the brush.
In securing the edge of the said foundation in a groove in the edge of the back
of the brush, instead of cutting such groove in the solid wood forming the back, as
has been done heretofore, the surface of the back is left level, and the groove is
formed by fixing upon the outer edge of the same a separate rim, the inner edge of
which is recessed so as to form the groove, in which recess the edge of the
foundation is secured before fixing the rim in the back. By this means the edge
of the foundation is held securely in the groove, which is not the case when the
groove is cut in the back, as with this arrangement the edge has to be pushed into
the groove, and cannot therefore fit it tightly; whereas, according to the present
improved construction, the elastic plate is placed in position before fitting on the
separate rim, and in securing the latter to the back under pressure it may be made
to nip the edge of the foundation tightly. This construction also enables a veneer
of a different coloured wood to be introduced between the said rim and the back,
so as to improve the appearance of the brush.
According to another part of this Invention, instead of constructing brushes with
single wires or pins mounted in an elastic foundation, I make them entirely of
tufts of bristles mixed with fine wires secured in the back of the brush by wiring
or cementing in the usual manner; these tufts may be surrounded by tufts consisting
of bristles only.
Fig. 1 of the Drawings shews a tuft of such mixed bristles and wires, and Fig. 2
shews part of a brush formed with such mixed tufts B, these being secured to the
back A by wiring a. Figs. 3, 4, and 5, shew the mode of constructing wire brushes
with separate rims as above described. A is the back of the brush, and C is the
separate rim, which is by preference formed as shewn at the small scale plan at
Fig. 5, that is to say, with a part C¹ corresponding to the handle of the back A, to
which it is secured by cementing, or by pins or screws. The rim is recessed as
shewn at Fig. 3, so that when fitted to A, it forms a groove for securing the edge
of the elastic foundation D, the rim being fixed on under pressure so as to nip the
foundation as before described.
Having thus described the nature of this Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed as communicated to me by my correspondent, I claim,-
First. Constructing wire brushes with a separate rim for forming the groove that
secures the edge of the elastic foundation, as herein described.
Second. The manufacture of brushes with tufts of mixed bristles and wires, as
herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty sixth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.