Improvements in the Ventilation of Waterproof Coats.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Mar., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Nov., 1893-Accepted, 16th Dec., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Ventilation of Waterproof Coats.
We, LOUIS WARTSKI, and BARNETT ABRAHAMS, both of 18 Hanbury Street,
Spitalfields, County of London, Waterproofers, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for object, the ventilation of waterproof coat bodies by affixing
pulsating screens secured at the edges only, to the side portions near the arm pits
for a constant in-rush of air by compression caused by the movement of the wearer's
arms while walking, also from the motions of the arms while riding or driving.
The inside collar band is perforated and eyeletted, and the outer band where the
eyelets are arranged is unattached, and is crimped, or otherwise kept open for
passage of air, to keep the back of the wearer from sweating.
To carry this invention into practice, the upper side pieces or portions of the
waterproof fabric, have the rubber stripped away in an oval, or other form, and a
patch of thin plain rubber cloth is cemented to it, this being perforated, over this
at the edges only, we cement a dished rubber cover, said cover being perforated in
the flat portions, and at the upper incline. The middle of this cover stands away
from the patch, and is free for direct or angular compression by the arms of the
wearer, the pulsations by compression and rebound due to the shape of the cover
causing a current of air to be sucked in and expelled with a rapidity proportioned
to the wearer's exercise, and the movements of his arms therefrom.
For the collar, we perforate the lower part next the seam, and eyelet the holes to
keep them open, the heads of the eyelets preventing the holes being completely
covered by contact with the under garment. The roll or fold over portion of the
collar is puckered adjacent to the eyeletted holes by a strip of whalebone, or other
material for the free access and exit of air to the inner back of the coat.
Dated this 14th day of March 1902.
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said Louis Wartski and Barnett Abrahams.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Ventilation of Waterproof Coats.
We LOUIS WARTSKI and BARNETT ABRAHAMS both of 18 Hanbury Street,
Spitalfields, County of London, Waterproofers, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has for object the better ventilation of waterproof coats by
conveniently fixing thereto hollow air chambers of suitable shape adapted to be
actuated by the movements of the wearers body. We preferably fix these chambers
or shields upon the side portion near to the armpits. The motion caused by the
arms and upper portion of body while walking or in riding or driving or other
exercise alternately compress and expand these chambers or shields causing a
pumping action to be set up and forcing a constant supply of fresh air between the
person of the wearer and the coat.
To carry this invention into practice we punch or cut out portions of cloth under
the arms corresponding to the position and shape of the vents required.
We attach to the outer side of the garment over the orifice just formed a hollow
FP 11

page_text: chamber or shield of rubber or other suitably resilient material perforated. The
inner side of the aperture we cover with a reticulated, open or netted fabric which
may be interlaced or interwoven with ribs, cords or projections so as to prevent the
orifice being closed by the body of the wearer. We find a convenient material for
our purpose to be, and we use strips of chenille which are threaded through the
interstices of the net or are in equivalent manner applied so as to form the required
projection, this material also serving to absorb moisture and at the same time
giving a highly ornamental finish in appearance to the vent.
The rubber chambers or shields are covered on their outer surfaces with a fabric
corresponding to the outer surface of the garment in order to avoid their presenting
any detrimental appearance in wear, the object being generally that they may
escape notice.
When in wear the shield is alternately expanded and compressed according to
the movement of the arm of the wearer and the openings in the air chambers are
alternately closed when the chamber is in compression and open during its expan-
sion thus performing the same function as a bellows and air is thus continually
pumped in from the outside by the movement of the arms and body.
The more violent the exertion the more effective becomes the ventilation.
Further we, if necessary, convey the air pumped in by the chamber or shield to
any part of the garment by means of small channels or tubes in which case we
cover the inner side of the vent aperture with a disc in or to which we suitably
attach or fix the tube or tubes for conveyance of the air.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 shews one of the ventilating devices as it appears from the outside of the
coat.
Fig. 2 shews the same as it appears on the opposite side or interior of the
garment.
Fig. 3 shews a section taken across the hollow or air chamber and
Fig. 4 shews one of these ventilating devices partially dissected in order to the
better illustrate the construction.
Fig. 5 shews an exterior view of a modification.
Fig. 6 an interior view of same.
Fig. 7 a section corresponding to Fig. 3 and
Fig. 8 a similar view of this construction to Fig. 4.
Fig. 9 shews an exterior view of another modification.
Fig. 10 an interior view of the same.
Fig. 11 shews a sectional view of the same and
Fig. 12 shews a view looking from the interior of the coat, the covering being
torn aside to disclose the tube communicating with the ventilating or bellows
chamber.
Referring to Figs. 1 to 4 a indicates the coat, a¹ the outer covering of the
ventilating chamber or bellows 6; the resilient wall of same, 63 apertures therein
for passage of air, c the covering to the opening into the garment, d'a band to cover
the junction of the covering c and the lining a² of the garment a.
Referring to Figs. 5 to 8 is the air forcing chamber, b¹ the resilient wall
thereof, 6 is a central air passage only covered by porous cloth and communicating
with the chamber b. eeee are tubular passages for passage of air from interior of
chamber b to the interior of the garment and through these the air is caused to
circulate, d here is an impervious inside covering.
Referring to Figs. 9 to 12-In this modification one inwardly projecting pipe or
channel passes up inside the impervious back wall d of the ventilating device
and has communication for passage of air with the pump chamber 6 through an
opening around which the open end of the pipe f is cemented, opposite to the
central air entrance b².

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. The ventilation of waterproof coats by means of a resilient flexible air forcing
chamber or chambers connected to or made substantially integral with a coat
and communicating with the external air and with the interior of the garment
so that when compressed and expanded by movements of the wearer circulation
of air is promoted and the interior of the garment is ventilated substantially as set
forth.
2. The manufacture and use of ventilating devices for waterproof coats substan-
tially as and for the purpose set forth with reference to Figs. 1 to 4.
3. The manufacture and use of ventilating devices for waterproof coats
substantially as and for the purpose set forth with reference to Figs. 5 to 8.
4. The manufacture and use of ventilating devices for waterproof coats
substantially as and for the purpose set forth with reference to Figs. 9 to 12.
Dated the 2nd day of November 1893.
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicants.