Treadles and Regulating the Picking Motion in Looms for Weaving.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 20th May, 1886.
Complete Left, 17th Feb., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 20th May, 1887.
Treadles and Regulating the Picking Motion in Looms for
Weaving.
I WILLIAM LONGBOTTOM of Nelson Foundry, Barnsley in the county of York,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
My invention firstly consists in a novel arrangement for that part of the loom
working the shuttle boxes, when more than one kind of weft, or different colour of
weft is required to produce various patterns. This invention is suitable for two up to
six or even more boxes.
My improvement embraces a combination of movements or mechanical arrangements
for working the boxes of power looms; also an arrangement for regulating the
picking motion, so arranged, that by a lag, chain of either iron or wood, or other
chain movement the picking motion is regulated to pick either pick and pick, or two
picks and two picks, or three and-three-or-four and four;-and other changes, and also
the ordinary pick.
First I use top levers similar to those employed on the ordinary motion, but instead
of the chain for lifting box, I employ a number of levers, vertically under centre of
top lever corresponding to the number of boxes to be employed; one of these levers
represent each box, and has an incline on the top, to lift the top lever to its required
position, the incline on the top of these levers is drawn under the pulley in the centre
of the horizontal lever, and lifts the box by catches fixed to a long vertical double
lever carrying two sets of catches connected together by wire roils, two of these
catches to each vertical lever, one above and one below the fulcrum, the top catch is
lifted on to a peg or projection on the vertical levers by means of perforated lags or
chain revolving round a roller pegs or projections are inserted where a lever is to he
drawn forward and the box lifted for the next change of box; or when a lever
representing any other box is drawn forward, the bottom catch which acts on the lever
on the bottom side of the fulcrum, drawing the first box lever back, and it remains
until another peg lifts it into position to act.

page_text: The above named long vertical double lever is moved by a tappet either from the
bottom shaft, or in case where boxes are required, to change every pick from the crank
shaft.
The vertical levers for lifting boxes are held in position both in and out of
action by means of lever presses held on to projection on the vertical levers, by means
of spiral springs. The top lever is connected by a rod to horizontal lever fixed in
position, connect direct to the boxes, and in case where boxes are required at both
ends of loom, I carry a horizontal shaft through the length of the loom, in a convenient
place to connect by short levers to the long lever that lifts the boxes, at one end, I
connect short levers, one standing towards back of loom and the other towards front
of loom, by this means the boxes balance each other, one box going up while the other
is going down, or both may be lifted together, and balanced by a weight or spring to
give the one box proper momentum to drop without rebounding.
My invention further consists in adapting the same vertical levers and catches
movement to reading the shaft of loom for weaving linen cotton, woollen, or other
textile fabrics such as diapers, huckabacks, drills, ticks, or any other shaft work, which
have been usually worked by dobbys, side or Woodcroft's, Tappets, Undertread or other
tappet motions. By this improvement any shaft may be acted on by a peg or cord
consequently by changing the wood pegs, any kind of shaft work may be woven
without having to change tappets for various kinds of fabrics to accomplish this I
make the above described vertical levers arrangement with, (instead of an open incline)
a box incline or rising recess to admit a pulley fixed on the centre of treadle, the
treadle of which may be similar to what are used on Woodcrofts, or ordinary side
tappets, by this method the shed is held open until the treadle is required to change.
Dated this Nineteenth day of May 1880.
JOHN E. WALSH,
Crossley Street, Halifax,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: down, and the top incline lifts it up, this gives a positive motion to the box lever or
levers.
The incline on the top of these levers is drawn under the pulley in the centre of the
horizontal lever and lifts the box by catches fixed to and moved on, a long vertical
double lever, carrying two sets of catches, connected together by wire rods, there are
two of these catches to each vertical lever, one above, and one below the fulcrum, the
top catch is lifted on to a peg or projection on the vertical levers by means of perforated
lags, or a chain revolving round a roller; pegs or projections are inserted where a
lever is to be drawn forward, and the box lifted for the next change of box; or when
a lever representing, any other box is drawn forward, the bottom catch which acts on
the lever on the bottom side of fulcerum, drawing the first box lever back, and this is
repeated in the second, third, fourth fifth and sixth boxes, and remains until another
peg lifts it into position to act.
The above named long vertical double lever is moved by a tappet either from the
bottom shaft, or in cases where boxes are required to change every pick from the
crank shaft.
The vertical levers for lifting the boxes are held in position, both in and out of action
by means of lever presses, held on to the projections on vertical levers, by means of
spiral springs.
The top lever is connected by a rod to the horizontal lever fixed in position to
connect direct to the boxes; (this I call the box lever) and in case where boxes are
required at both ends of the loom, I carry a horizontal shaft through the length of the
loom in a convenient place to connect by short levers, to the long lever that lifts the
boxes; thus coupling the two box levers together by means of the above named shaft
across the loom in a different position and connect them by means of pulleys and
chains, in this case I only use one box lever, at the end where the motion is fixed;
and by this lever I work the horizontal shaft, and by means of a connecting rod, from
the end of the box lever to the bottom end of the box guide rod, by this means the
box is pushed down, and by a chain connected to the opposite side of the box guide
rod running round a pulley on the horizontal shaft, this shaft is drawn in one direction,
by means of a strong chain connected to the end of the box lever. The other end of
chain is connected round a pulley or horizontal shaft, that shaft is drawn in the
opposite direction, thus securing a reciprocating motion to the shaft; and on the
opposite end of the loom box on the horizontal shaft, is secured another chain pulley,
and by means of the chain from this pulley to bottom of guide rod, boxes are connected
together.
The above horizontal shaft which works the boxes, on one end is fixed a star dividing
plate with star or V shaped teeth, with the same number of teeth as there are boxes,
a lever with a V shaped end is pushed into the V of the plate so soon as the boxes are
changed to bring them to their respective positions, by means of a tappet or crank
shaft. This lever with V shaped end is drawn out of the V by a strong spiral spring,
this spring also pulls a brake (which is fixed on the V end lever) against the back of
the star or V wheel which is turned up plain. This brake is for the purpose of giving
steadiness to the boxes when changing, and so soon as the boxes are changed, the
lever with the V shaped end is brought down by the tappet into the star or V plate
and presses the boxes to their respective positions.
This invention further consists in a novel method of connecting the picking by a
long lever W, and connecting rod reaching across the loom, by this means, when one
side is put into position for picking the other is lifted out, and vice versa. The lever
for a Damask carpet loom is fixed in a suitable position and connected to machine by
an irod rod Y, a strong spiral spring Z, is attached to lever to lift picking shaft
by means of L lever W₁ which is lifted by a tappet worked from bottom shaft of loom,
and described in a former patent, and consists in fixing catch lever X, that holds up
the lever W, which is operated on by the chain X, so that when the loom is stopped
both picking motions are lifted to miss the tappets, in order to prevent the shuttles
being thrown out of boxes, when the loom is required to be turned by hand.
Another method of applying my invention consists in making the vertical levers at

page_text: the top, in tappet form, arranged so that a small pulley fixed on a treadle is run up the
incline and forms the shed in the warp with the ordinary connections as used in side
tappet looms or otherwise; by this novel arrangement the shed is formed for any
number of picks by simply pegging the lags to the required patterns, I adapt the
same vertical levers and catches movement to treading the shaft of looms for weaving
linen, cotton, woollen, or other textile fabrics, such as diapers, huckabacks, drills, ticks,
or any other shaft work, which have been usually worked by Dobbys, Side, or
Woodcroft's tappets, or other tappet motions. By this improvement any shaft may be
acted on by a peg or card, consequently by changing the wood pegs, any kind of shaft
work may be woven without having to change tappets for various kinds of fabrics;
to accomplish this I make the above described vertical levers arrangement with
(instead of an open incline) a box incline or rising recess F1, Fig. 9 to admit a pulley
fixed on the centre of the treadles, the treadle G of which may be similar to what is
used on Woodcrofts, or ordinary side tappets, by this method the shed is held open
until the treadle is required to change, the other part of this motion is similar to that
described in Fig. 1.
For changing shuttle boxes suitable for napkins, pocket handkerchiefs, and other
goods requiring a large number of picks in the pattern, I employ an automatic motion,
I accomplish this by means of a short link chain arranged so that links can be
disengaged to insert a link with a lug on, to lift the motion into gear; also in this
chain a link is inserted with two ends, one standing out on both sides, these ends are
for the purpose of lapping up in a small space in a box, this is accomplished by
gravitation, I use a box made of timber with an iron frame on the top, and wide
enough for the chain to go easily through, the chain falls down by gravitation the link
with two pins standing out falls on to the iron frame, and slides down the incline, to
the bottom, this forms one lap of the chain this is repeated until all the chain is coiled
within the box, the chain being endless is drawn out of the box, at one end thereof,
over suitable guide pulleys, and guided into the other end thereof, so that as the laps
of the chain are drawn off, at one end, the chain moves down the incline to the bottom
of same, making room for the return of the chain at the top of the incline at the other
end of the box.
Figs. 1 and 2, A is the tappet fixed on the crank shaft, and gives motion to the double
vertical lever B, these vertical levers are fitted with two sets of catches C and D, that
are operated on by pegs fitted into perforated wood lags E, whose pegs are changeable
to suit varieties of patterns, the top catches D, pull up the levers F, whose top and
bottom have an inclined plane, one lever representing each box. These levers are
pulled on or off, and bring the box required into its position, these lovers F, when
pulled up by the top catch lift the top lever G, this lever is connected to the lever H,
by the rod 1, this lever H is operated on by the incline on the bottom of the levers F¹,
2. 3. 4, or more or less according to the number of boxes required. The lever H is
connected to the shaft J, which runs full length of the loom, on this shaft are four
pulleys, two on each end, two of these pulleys are connected to the lever H, one on
each end of the loom, to this lever is attached a connecting rod L, reaching to the
bottom of the box guide rods, further, to the bottom of these guide rods, is connected
a chain reaching round the pulleys K, thus connecting the boxes up and down and
producing a positive motion. His a catch for revolving the lag roller which carries
the wood lags, that regulates the picking; J is a plate wheel with eight pegs which
are worked by means of the catch H', from lever K', this lever receives its motion
from a tappet L' on crank shaft.
%
Figs. 3 and 4 show horizontal shaft and star wheel for working the boxes. S is
the star or dividing wheel, T is the lever with the Vend to bring the boxes to position,
U is the spiral spring to lift the levers out of the star wheel, and bringing the brake
on to the dish of star wheel to steady the boxes, V is a tappet on the crank shaft to
press the lever with the V shaped end into star wheel S. Wis the lever for connecting
and regulating the picking motions, also showing connections to Damask machine.
X is the link motion for regulating the picking motion.
The levers are held in position (when drawn by the catches) by the pressing

page_text: lever M held by a strong spiral or other springs (for broad looms I use an extra lever N
to obtain leverage for lifting catches D) the weights 0, 0, on levers G and H, are
made to balance levers and rods. The boxes are balanced by weights hung on the
opposite side of the shaft J to which the boxes are attached, the weight is attached by
means of a small pulley in the centre of the loom, the weight is required to be in
proportion to the size of pulleys or leverage or instead of weights, springs may be
employed; pegs are required for all boxes except the bottom boxes, consequently
when there is no peg in the wooden lag, the catch P drops down into the catch on the
end of lever Q, from this lever is a connector R, down to the lever H by this means
all the boxes are drawn to the bottom. A¹ is a chain roller, attached on the boss of
nogging wheel A2, (which is driven by plate wheel B2, with a pin inserted that at
every revolution moves the nogging wheel one sixth; this plate wheel B2, is driven
by gear wheels from the crank shaft) which draws the chain from the box, over guide
wheels B, C D¹ is a guide wheel for conducting the chain into the box by
gravitation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, I would have it understood that I do not
limit myself to the exact details of parts I have described, as the same may be varied,
or modified, but I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The changing of shuttle boxes in power looms, where various colours of weft
are used, for where rising boxes are used on one side only, also suitable where
rising boxes are required at both sides of the loom by one motion, by the use of
the apparatus hereinbefore described and set forth in the accompanying drawings.
2. Securing the boxes in position by the star or V dividing wheel and mechanism
as hereinbefore described and set forth in the accompanying drawings.
3. The changing of picking working in unison with the box motion, by chain or
lag motion in the manner hereinbefore described and set forth in the accompanying
drawings.
4. The Novel arrangement for connecting the picking motion, in order that both
sides may be regulated and changed from one motion, in combination with the
drop box motion as hereinbefore described and set forth in the accompanying
drawings.
5. The working of twills by means of the vertical levers and catches, as herein-
before described and set forth in the accompanying drawings.
6. For long patterns the use of the chain and method of folding same in layers (in
connection with the change box motion), as before described and set forth in the
accompanying drawings.
D 31: 1:taanth day of Fabsorv 1887