Improvements in Printing Type.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Mar., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 19th Dec., 1890-Accepted, 28th Feb., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Printing Type.
We, JOHN ROBERT TOPLISS, temporarily residing at 14, Courthope Road,
London, N.W., Journalist, and JOSHUA ALEXANDER KAY, temporarily residing
at 16, Wharton Street, King's Cross Road, London, Consulting Mechanician, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
According to this invention printing type is constructed so that each character of
a fount is equal to one or more equal subdivisions or parts of the em quad of the
fount the subdivisions being such that five of them are equal to the em quad. These
subdivisions or parts we term "units." A character equal to one subdivision we
designate a one-unit character, one equal to two subdivisions a two-unit character
and so on.
By means of this invention all lines of type matter may be exactly
equalized in length by setting up in each of them the same number of units and the
work of justifying can be performed with great facility, rapidity and mathematical
accuracy, thus Two (or more) space characters of different dimensions may be set
up between each two words, and then, if the line be overfilled, as many one-unit space
characters may be withdrawn as is necessary for justifying the line; or some of the
two-unit (or larger size) space characters may be withdrawn when preferable.
example: a line containing twelve ems pica would comprise five times that number
of units, that is, sixty units; and if in setting up a line, characters were inserted
equal to sixty-four such units, the withdrawal of four one-unit space characters would
exactly justify the line.
For
The system of type herein described may be used in type-setting both by hand
and by machinery and also in type-writing machines.
Dated this 18th day of March 1800
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Printing Type.
We, JOHN ROBERT TOPLISS, formerly temporarily residing at 14, Courthope
Road, London, N.W., but now of 7, Collins Street, Melbourne, in the Colony
of Victoria, Australia, Journalist, and JOSHUA ALEXANDER KAY, formerly
temporarily residing at 16, Wharton Street, King's Cross Road, London, but now
also of 7, Collins Street. Melbourne aforesaid, Consulting Mechanician, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
According to this invention printing type is constructed so that each character
or type of a fount is equal to one or more equal subdivisions or parts of the em quad
of the fount, the subdivisions being such that five of them are equal to the em quad.
These subdivisions or parts we term "units." A character equal to one subdivision
we designate a one-unit character, one equal to two subdivisions a two-unit character
and so on. By means of this invention all fines of type matter may be exactly equalized
in length by setting up in each of them the same number of units and the work of
justifying can be performed with great facility, rapidity and mathematical accuracy,
thus-Two (or more) space characters of different dimensions may be set up
between each two words, and then, if the line be overfilled, as many one-unit space
characters may be withdrawn as is necessary for justifying the line; or some of the
two unit (or larger size) space characters may be withdrawn when preferable.
For

page_text: example, a line containing twelve ems pica would comprise five times that number
of units, that is, sixty units; and if in setting up a line, characters were inserted
equal to sixty-four such units, the withdrawal of four one-unit space characters
would exactly justify the line.
The system of type herein described may be used in type-setting both by hand
and by machinery, and also in type-writing machines.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
The construction and use of the improved printing type hereinabove described,
that is to say, type in which each character of a fount is equal to one or more equal
subdivisions or parts of the em quad of the fount, the subdivisions being such that
five of them are equal to the em quad as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 10th day of December 1800
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.