Improvements in the Construction of Plates for Oil and other Extraction Presses.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Plates for Oil and other
Extraction Presses.
We, HENDRIK WILLEM JAN VAN OTTERBEEK BASTIAANS, of Apeldoorn, in the
Kingdom of Holland, Chemical Engineer, and HENRY GREENWOOD, of Albion
Works, Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:--
The object of this invention is to provide oil and other extraction presses with
press plates that will allow of the oil or other extract exuding from the compressed
material, to pass away through the plates, and thus afford an economy in the
process of extraction.
The improved plate is formed of a massive body plate of mild steel or other suit-
able material, provided with channels on one or both sides, or overlaid,
on one or both sides, with one or more pieces of wire gauze, wire
netting, thin corrugated plates, thin steel bars, or other suitable material,
forming drainage canals. These are covered by a perforated sheet or
shell of steel, or other metal or other suitable perforated or porous substance. The
perforations in this outer shell may be made of such size as is best suited to the
treatment of the material to be pressed, and they may be either round, oblong, or
other shape, determined by the porosity of the substance used, and pitched, to give
the most advantageous yield of fluid from the material under pressure.
The various layers above mentioned are preferably carefully secured together by
screws or other simple means, making the whole into one press plate, but they
should be readily detachable for the purpose of cleansing the drainage canals, or
for the renewal of the various parts. They may, however, be permanently fastened
together, if found desirable, or they may even be used as separate parts.
The top and bottom press-plates in any one press will generally be constructed
as above described, with the canal forming material and perforated shell on one side
only, while the interposed plates, in a vertical press, may have the canals and per-
forated shells on one or both sides of the body plate, but in all horizontal presses
the interposed plates should be constructed canals on their upper and under sides.
In a hydraulic oil extracting press, one of the improved plates would first be
inserted with the perforated side uppermost, then a charge of seed or meal would
come next, on the top of which another plate would be placed, also with the per-
forated side uppermost, if perforated on one side only, and so on, until the press is
charged. Then, when pressure is applied, the oil would immediately commence
to flow through the perforations, leaving the solid matter in the form of cake
between the press plates. The oil, on passing through the perforations, runs into
space in which has been placed wire gauze, or other suitable material, forming a

page_text: series of canals, and along these the oil flows unimpeded to the outside of the press
plate, and so freely escapes.
By this means the oil is allowed to flow freely from the whole surface of the
cake, and an increased yield of oil is obtained. As it is unnecessary to use hair,
woollen, or other mats, wrappers, or bags, with the improved press plates, an
important saving is effected.
The details of construction may be varied, and this improved press plate may be
applied to any description of hydraulic screw or other press used for the purpose
of extracting fluids.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicants.
Improvements in the Construction of Plates for Oil and other
Extraction Presses.
We, HENDRIK WILLEM JAN VAN OTTERBEEK BASTIAANS, of Apeldoorn, in the
Kingdom of Hólland, Chemical Engineer, and HENRY GREENWOOD, of Albion
Works, Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to provide oil and other extraction presses with
press plates that will allow of the oil or other extract exuding from the compressed
material, to pass away through the plates, and thus afford an economy in the
process of extraction.
The improved plates are formed of a massive body plate of mild steel or other
suitable material, provided with channels on one or both sides, or overlaid, on one
or both sides, with one or more pieces of wire gauze, wire netting, thin steel bars,
or other suitable material, forming drainage canals. These are covered by a per-
forated sheet or shell of steel, or other metal.
In the accompanying drawings, we have shewn, in several views, our improved
press plates in various forms or constructions, the object being the same in each
example, viz., to provide channels for the extracted liquid to flow freely from the
press. The plates may take a circular, rectangular, or any other desired form, in
plan view.
In the drawings we have shewn only the circular form, and for the sake of
clearness we have enlarged the sectional views of the plates to about 3 times their
real size.
Fig 1 shews in plan view a body plate at a scale of about the real size, com-
posed of mild steel, and grooved on its upper face to form channels for the oil or
other liquid expressed from the seed or other material under treatment.
The course of the channels is a matter of little moment, but the arrangement
shewn at Fig. 1 is that which we have found to prove satisfactory in working;
the grooves may; however, run straight across the plate, or be arranged in any
other approved manner, to secure the free flow of the liquid to the periphery of
the plates, and so get away from the material under pressure.
Fig. 2 shews, in section, the body plate A (in this case, plain or without grooves)
fitted with a thin grooved plate B of steel, and covered by a thin steel plate C, which
is pierced with holes or slits, as indicated in the plan view, Fig. 3, to provide for

page_text: the flow of the liquid into the grooved channels. These plates are all connected
together by screws with countersunk heads, as explained hereafter, to facilitate
the detachment of the parts for cleaning or renewal.
Instead of grooving the base plate A, or substituting for the grooves in the base
plate, the channelled plate B of Fig. 2, we may overlay the plain base plate with
an arrangement of rods or bars (round or otherwise in cross section),-laid in
such manner as to form channels for the extracted liquid to flow to the periphery
or outer edges of the plates, and so escape from the press. An arrangement of
this kind is shewn in the sectional view, Fig. 4, the rods or bars B¹ (which take
the place of the grooved plate B) being covered by a perforated plate C. These
bars or rods may be connected together by thin wires, so as to prevent their dis-
placement, and facilitate their application when the compound plate is being put
together, before or after cleaning.
A further modification of the construction of the compound plate is shewn in
the section, Fig. 5, where the channels are formed by inserting between the plain
body plate A and the pierced covering plate C, a sheet of coarse wire gauze 132.
This sheet is held firmly in place by means of countersunk screws D, which pass
through the covering plate C, and enter tapped holes in the body plate A.
In this example, the compound plate is represented as dished, to correspond to
the form of oil-cake generally preferred.
Fig. 6 shews a further modification of the compound plate, in which both sides
of the body plate are channelled, as represented at Fig. 1, and to which a covering
plate C is attached at opposite sides of the body plate.
The covering plates may be perforated in any manner best suited to the treat-
ment of the material to be pressed, and the perforations may be either round, oblong,
or other shape, and pitched to give the most advantageous yield of fluid from the
material under pressure. The perforations shewn at Fig. 3 will in general suffice
for ensuring a proper flow of the extracted liquid. The parts constituting the com-
pound plate, although made preferably detachable, may be permanently fastened
together, if found desirable, or they may even be used as separate parts.
The press plates will generally be constructed with the canal-forming material
and perforated covering plate on one side only, but in some cases the plates, in a
vertical press, may have the canals on both sides of the body plate. In all hori-
zontal presses, however, the plates interposed between the ends of the press, should
he constructed with canals on their opposite sides.
In charging a vertical hydraulic oil extracting press, one of the improved plates
would be first placed at the bottom of the press, as indicated at Fig. 7, with the
perforated side uppermost; then a charge of seed or meal would come next, on the
top of which another plate would be placed, also with the perforated side upper-
most, and so on until the press is charged. Then, when pressure is applied, the
oil would immediately commence to flow through the perforations, leaving the
solid matter in the form of cake between the press plates. The oil, on passing
through the perforations, runs into the channels provided for it, and passes thence
in an unimpeded flow out of the press. By this means, the oil is allowed to flow
freely from the whole surface of the cake, and an increased yield of oil is obtained.
In some cases, it may be found desirable to employ the porous bags or wrappers
in combination with the compound press plates, but as it will, in general, be
unnecessary to use hair, woollen, or other mats, wrappers or bags, with the improved
press plates, an important economy will result.
This improved press plate may be applied to any description of hydraulic, screw,
or other press used for the purpose of extracting fluids.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
The construction and use of compound metallic press-plates as above described,
whether in substitution for, or in combination with, the porous bags or wrappers

page_text: composed of hair, wool, and like woven fabrics employed in oil or other extracting
presses.
Dated this 18th day of Amil 1808
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicants.