IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING FIBRES
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Thornton, Joseph Thornton, and Albert Thornton,
of Cleckheaton, in the County of York, Machine Makers, and William Fenton,
of Hightown, near Cleckheaton, aforesaid, Commercial Traveller, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING FIBRES."
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Thornton, Joseph
Thornton, Albert Thornton, and William Fenton at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents on the 13th May 1870.
JOHN THORNTON, JOSEPH THORNTON, and ALBERT THORNTON, of Cleckheaton,
in the County of York, Machine Makers, and WILLIAM FENTON, of Hightown, near
Cleckheaton, aforesaid, Commercial Traveller. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR SPINNING FIBRES."
The object of this Invention is to spin and produce yarn from the loose filaments
or fibre as carded on one machine by an improved combination of card cylinders,
doffers, strippers, hoist traps, or trumpet, or rubbers drawing rollers, spindles,
and flyers, so that the several intervening machines and processes between the
carding" and "spinning," as heretoforo practised, are dispensed with.
Apparatus or machinery for the above purpose constructed and combined,
according to this our Invention, compriso a series of carding cylinders and doffer
after the manner of the ordinary carding engine, a stripping roller mounted and
rotating in relative position to the doffer removes the fibre in strips therefrom.
The strips of fibre thenco pass to and receive a "false twist" by the rotary action of
n twist trap or "trumpet," or by rubbers, on passing from which the fibre is received
by rollers, rotating near the twist trap, trumpet, or rubbers, and is now ready for
the finishing operation of spinning which is effected by means of flyer and spindle.
It will be understood that two or more doffers, additional stripping rollers, twist
traps, "trumpets," or rubbers, and drawing rollers may be arranged one above the
other, so as to admit of duplicate or additional spindles and flyers being in
operation on one machine. This latter arrangement we prefer, but we have first
herein described a single arrangement with the object of setting out more clearly
the nature and character of this our Invention.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Thornton, Joseph Thornton, Albert Thornton, and William
Fenton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 13th November 1876.
JOHN THORNTON, JOSEPH THORNTON, and ALBERT THORNTON, of Cleckheaton, in
the County of York, Machine Makers, and WILLIAM FENTON, of Hightown, near
Cleckheaton, aforesaid. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING FIBRES."
The object of this Invention is to spin and produce yarn from the loose filaments
or fibre as carded on one machine by an improved combination of card cylinders,
doffers, strippers, twist traps, or trumpet, or rubbers, drawing rollers, spindles, and
flyers, so that the several intervening machines and processes between the
"carding" and "spinning" as heretofore practised are dispensed with.
Apparatus or machinery for the above purpose, constructed and combined
according to this our Invention, comprise a series of carding cylinders and doffers,
after the manner of the ordinary carding engine, a stripping roller mounted and
rotating in relative position to the doffer removes the fibre in strips therefrom.
The strips of fibre thence pass to and receive a "false twist" by the rotary action
of a twist trap "trumpet," or by rubbers, on passing from which the fibre is received
by rollers rotating near the twist trap "trumpet" or rubbers, and is now ready for
the finishing operation of spinning, which is effected by means of flyer and spindle.
It will be understood that two or more doffers, additional stripping rollers, twist
traps, "trampets," or rubbers, and drawing rollers, may be arranged one above the
other, so as to admit of duplicate or additional spindles and flyers being in operation
on one machine; this latter arrangement we prefer, but we have first herein
described a single arrangement with the object of setting out more clearly the
nature and character of this our Invention.
When operating upon short fibres, such as cotton, silk, noil, and shoddy, a card
stripping roller may be employed between the doffer and stripping roller above
referred to.
Such being the nature and object of this our said Invention, we will now proceed
to describe the same in detail, and in order that the Invention may be fully under-
stood we have hereunto annexed 5 Sheets of Drawings, and have marked the same
with figures and letters of reference the same letter referring to the same part in
the various Views or Figures.
Fig. 1 is a general elevation of a machine having duplicate doffers, and apparatus
connected therewith; Fig. 2 is an end elevation.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of the driving apparatus for actuating the rubbers.
Fig. 4 is view of opposite end to Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a vertical section through line A, B, of Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a section of the rubber and drawing rollers.
Referring now to Fig. 5, which view clearly illustrates an arrangement and
combination of parts, according to this our Invention, for producing a yarn or
thread direct from loose fibre as carded; A, A, are the doffer rollers of carding
engine A¹, the other portion of the latter not being shewn as its construction is
precisely the ordinary and well understood carding engine; B, B, are strippers
which strip the fibre in the form of a film or web from the doffer, the fibre thence
passes to and is received between the rubbers D, by the action of the latter the
film of fibre is condensed and rounded, and on emerging therefrom passes by way
of the guide rollers E to the fluted rollers F, F, the spinning operation being
performed by ring flyers G, the finished yarn being received upon the spools, as
shewn at H.
At Fig. 6, in addition to the rubbers D, is shewn a series of rubbing and

page_text: "
drawing rollers J, J, J; these rollers are covered with leather and have a rotating
and reciprocating action, so as to rub after the manner of the rubbers D, and
condense also to "draw" the fibro passed botween them after the manner of tho
'drawing" rollers; tho said rollers J aro geared and driven at slightly varying
speeds, that is to say, the rollers nearest the spinning apparatus run a little quicker
than those nearest the rubber "D," so as to "draw" the fibre during its passage
through the said rollers.
:
Referring now to the apparatus for driving or operating the several parts of the
machine (Fig. 2.) At 1 is a pulley driven by strap from main shaft of the carding
engine; on the axis of this pulley is a pinion 2 gearing with the wheel 3, the
pinion 4 gearing with wheel 3 operates wheel 5, and by the intervening wheels 6,
7, 8, the rubbers are driven. The rod 9 and links 10, 10, and disc. 11, are the
ordinary means for imparting to the rubbers the reciprocating or rubbing motion,
see Fig. 3. At Fig. 4 the system of bevil gear 12, 12, is employed for operating the
iluted rollers F, F, F, F. The flyers G are operated by the endless driving
strap 13 (sec plan view Fig. 4) and pulleys 15, the latter being upon the shaft 10,
which shaft is driven by strap and pulley 17 from the main driving shaft or other
convenient going shaft of the carding machine. The "traverso" bars or rails 18, 18,
18, 18, are operated by the racks and pinion 10, pulleys, cord, and weight 20.
It will be understood that the doffer roller A is clothed with cards in spaces or
"rings" after the manner of an ordinary condenser doffer.
The fibro fed to the combined machine above described should be first passed
through a scribbler carding engine.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of this our said Invention,
together with the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed, we
would have it understood, we do not claim separately those parts of our new and
improved machinery which respectively effect the operations of carding, of con-
densing by the action of rubbers or their equivalents, and of spinning; but hitherto
those operations have been effected independently in separate machines, whereas
our Invention consists in effecting them sequentially and continuously in a machine
Buch as we havo described; we therefore claim the combination and use in one
machine, such as is herein described, of ordinary spinning apparatus, such as above
referred to, or equivalent apparatus, together with rubbers, such as D,.or rubbing
and "drawing" rollers, such as J, J, J, or equivalent apparatus, so arranged as to
nct sequentially in conjunction with ordinary carding apparatus such as is hercin
referred to, or equivalent apparatus, the machino being so constructed and arranged
as to form a compound machine capable of manufacturing the carded fibres into a
spun thread or yarn.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Thornton, for and on behalf of myself
and the said John Thornton, Albert Thornton, and William Fenton, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
Witness,
WALTER BRIERLEY,
Patent Agent,
Halifax & Blackburn.
JOSEPH THORNTON. (L.s.)