IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES OR HEATING APPARATUS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Cleland Davidson, of Belfast, in the County
of Antrim, Merchant, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES OR
HEATING APPARATUS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Cleland Davidson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th September 1881.
SAMUEL CLELAND DAVIDSON, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim, Merchant.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES OR HEATING APPARATUS."
My improvements consist of a suitable arrangement of stove or fire place wherein
the products of combustion from a coke or charcoal fire burnt therein are mixed
with a regulated amount of ordinary atmospheric air to bring the same to a
suitable temperature, and the mixture is drawn direct through a drying chamber,.
such, for example, as that described in the Specification of former Letters Patent
granted to me, and dated 16th April 1879, No. 1480, and through the substance.
spread therein, and the drying of which is thereby effected.
The stove is constructed within a casing, made of suitable size, to fit the base of
the drying chamber. This casing is open over the top so that the mixture of air
and bot gases may pass into the base of the drying chamber, and the front of it
has openings for the fire door and ash pit door of the fire place, and two sides are
fitted with doors for regulating the admission of cold air for admixture with the.
hot gases from the fire. Within this casing a fire place is constructed, extending
from the front to almost the back of the casing, but having a considerable space
on each side between it and the casing. Over the top of this fire place and a few
inches clear above the sides of the same is placed a baffle plate, against which the.
hot gases from the fire must strike as they ascend, and thereby be made to diverge'
to right and left into the spaces between the sides of the fire place and the outer
casing, and here meeting with the cold air admitted through the doors in the outer
casing the hot gases become mixed therewith, and are reduced to a suitable
temperature in accordance with the amount of air admitted, and the mixture is,
drawn up through the drying chamber above by the induced draught which the
chimney arrangement of the drying chamber produces.
The ash pit door of this fire place is a sliding one, and the supply of air to the
fire may be so regulated by it that a fast or slow combustion of the coke or
charcoal can be obtained as required, and the speed of drying thereby regulated.
}

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Samuel Cleland Davidson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
13th March 1882.
SAMUEL CLELAND DAVIDSON, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim, Merchant.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES OR HEATING APPARATUS."
My improvements consist of a suitable arrangement of stove or fire place wherein
the products of combustion from a coke or charcoal fire burnt therein are mixed
with a regulated amount of ordinary atmospheric air to bring the same to a
suitable temperature, and the mixture is drawn direct through a drying chamber,
such, for example, as that described in the Specification of former Letters Patent
granted to me, and dated 16th April 1879, No. 1480, and through the substance
spread therein, and the drying of which is thereby effected.
The stove is constructed within a casing made of suitable size to fit the base of
the drying chamber. This casing is open over the top so that the mixture of air
and hot gases may pass into the base of the drying chamber, and the front of it has
openings for the fire door and ash pit door of the fire place, and two sides are fitted
with doors for regulating the admission of cold air for admixture with the hot
gases from the fire. Within this casing a fire place is constructed, extending from
the front to almost the back of the casing, but having a considerable space on each
side between it and the casing. Over the top of this fire place and a few inches
clear above the sides of the same is placed a baffle plate, against which the hot
gases from the fire must strike as they ascend, and thereby be made to diverge to
right and left into the spaces between the sides of the fire place and the outer
casing, and here meeting with the cold air admitted through the doors in the outer
casing the hot gases become mixed therewith, and are reduced to a suitable
temperature in accordance with the amount of air admitted, and the mixture is
drawn up through the drying chamber above by the induced draught which the
chimney arrangement of the drying chamber produces.
The ash-pit door of this fire place is a sliding one, and the supply of air to the
fire may be so regulated by it that a fast or slow combustion of the coke or
charcoal can be obtained as required, and the speed of drying thereby regulated.
The accompanying Drawings illustrate the construction of the apparatus.
Figure 1 is a vertical section from front to back of stove through centre of fire
place; Figure 2 is a vertical section at right angles to the section line of Figure 1 ;
Figure 3 is a horizontal section immediately above the level of the fire grate ;
Figure 4 is a plan showing the baffle plate in position above the fire place. The
letters used to indicate the several parts are the same in each Figure, and are as
follows:-
A, the fire place.
B, fire tiles round sides of fire place.
C, sheet iron sides of fire place and ash pit.
D, cast iron front of fire place containing the door ways for the fire place and
ash pit.
E, cast iron back for fire place.
F, rails or ledges attached to sides C, C, for supporting the fire grates, and also
to securely hold the firstiles R

page_text: K, openings between baffle plate and sides C, C, of the fire place through which
the products of combustion escape from the fire place.
L, the outer casing of the apparatus.
M, doors in the casing L for admitting and regulating the supply of cold air for
admixture with the products of combustion.
M', handle and notched quadrant for holding the door M at required amount of
opening.
N, mixing chambers for the air and products of combustion on each side of the
fire place.
PT iron frame forming a double socket joint between top of casing L and
base of drying chamber into which the mixture of air and products of combustion
pass.
Q, base of drying chamber.
The arrows, shown in Figure 2, indicate the direction of the currents of the air
and products of combustion through the mixing chambers N, N.
Coke or charcoal fuels are used for this apparatus, and it is essential that they
be free from any impurities such as would yield smoke or any objectionable smell.
When working the apparatus the fire door I is kept closed, and if a strong heat is
required the air doors M are kept almost closed, and the ash pit door H open.
If a more moderate heat be wanted the doors M are opened more and the ash pit
door H proportionately closed. Closing the door H cuts off the supply of air to
the fire and a slow combustion results, and less heat passes therefrom into the
mixing chambers N, and by opening or closing the doors M the quantity of cold
air for admixture with the hot products of combustion can be regulated to any
required degree.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim the general arrangement and
construction of the stove or heating apparatus, substantially as hereinbefore
described and represented in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Cleland Davidson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of March, One thousand eight
hundred and eighty two.
S. C. DAVIDSON. (L.s.)