IMPROVEMENTS IN BURNERS FOR BURNING MINERAL ESSENCES, AND IN LAMPS FOR THE SAME PURPOSE
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Delphin Baudelot, of No. 82, Boulevard
Sébastopol, Paris, France, Lamp Manufacturer, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BURNERS FOR BURNING MINERAL ESSENCES, AND IN
LAMPS FOR THE SAME PURPOSE."
Scaled the 19th January 1875, and dated the 4th August 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Delphin Baudclot at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 4th August 1874.
I, DELPHIN BAUDELOT, of No. 82, Boulevard Sébastopol, Paris,
France, Lamp Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of tho said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BURNERS FOR BURNING MINERAL ESSENCES,
AND IN LAMPS FOR THE SAME PURPOSE," to be as follows:-
The burners herein referred to are applicable to all lamps burning
mineral essences and oils, and other volatile liquids, no lamp chimney
…being required, and-burning either with or without a wick as desired;
the wick when used conducting the liquid by capillary attraction.

page_text: The burners consist of hollow tubes closed above and perforated ou
the top or at the sides with one or more very fino holes to admit of the
passago of the vapours or gases to be burnt; these are generated by
heat by aid of curved and reflecting plates fitting on the burner by
means of sockets; these plates receive the heat of the flame and
transmit it to the end of the supply tube, in such wise that the plates
becoming heated to a high temperature transmit the caloric to the lower
portion of the supply pipe and to the wick (when one is used), and
creating an active distillation of the liquid which is raised by capillary
attraction to a space or chamber between the top of the burner and the
wick, liberate the gases, which escaping through the apertures are there
burnt. The great speed of the gaseous current thus produced draws
along with it a quantity of air, which coming in contact with the heated
plates mingles with the gases, and produces an active combustion
without the aid of a lamp glass, the light produced being brilliant,
powerful, and white, and emitting no disagrecable odour.
Two plates slightly bent and placed so that the gas jet is between
them may be substituted for the single plate, their action being the
same; tho outside plate in this caso is larger than tho inside, and both
are mounted on the same socket.
For mural lamps burning without a wick the oil receptacle is arranged
so that the supply tubo keeps a continuous liquid level from the feed
pipe near the burner to the receptacle; the same principle of supplying
heat to the conduit pipe for encouraging distillation is employed, and
the burner is surrounded by a capsule, which on gently inclining the
lamp receives a few drops of the liquid, which being ignited heats tho
bottom of the burner and frees the gases; a bent plate and reflector
being also employed.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-seventh
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Delphin Baudelot, Her special licence that I,
the said Delphin Baudelot, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Delphin Baudclot, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within tho
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BURNERS FOR BURNING
MINERAL ESSENCES, AND IN LAMPS FOR THE SAME PURPOSE," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Delphin Baudelot, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, tho said Delphin Baudelot, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to
say:―
My improved burners are intended for application to all lamps burning
mineral essences and oils, whether the oil receptacle is below the burner
or on a plane horizontal with it, such for instance as are applied to
walls, and are furnished either with or without a wick, the object of
which is merely to lead the liquid to the burner by capillary attraction.
As shown in the accompanying Drawings the burner consists of a
tube a closed above, and in the interior of which is a wick b not reaching
quite to the top of the burner, so as to leave a sort of chamber or vacant
space c to receive the liberated vapours. At the upper part of the tube or
laterally, one or more very fine holes are made for the escape of the
combustible vapour. On this tube a bent metal plate d is placed by
means of a socket, and whose object is to receive the heat of the flame.

page_text: and transmit it to the end of the tube or burner a, and also to sprend
the flame and assist combustion of the gas escaping from the tube a.
The result of this arrangement being that the plate d becoming highly
heated by the flame transmits this heat to the upper portion of the
tube a, and consequently to the wick which it contains, creating an active
distillation of the liquid raised by capillary attraction, and being rapidly
transformed into gas escapes by the fine opening or openings at the
head of the tube. The great speed of the gascous current thus produced
has the effect of drawing with it a quantity of air, which coming in
contact with the plate d, heated at a high temperature, mingles with the
gas and produces an active combustion, in such wise that the flame
obtained is very white and brilliant after passing the upper level of the
plate d. By this process a perfect combustion is produced without the
aid of a lamp glass, and without smell of the gasses arising from the
mineral essences or other volatile liquids, and producing a flame as
brilliant as gas.
The heating plate & may be replaced by a kind of burner formed of.
two plates d, d', slightly bent, and relatively placed so as to envelop the
jet of gas between two bent divisions which become heated by contact.
with the flame, and communicating this heat to the burner so as to
effect an active distillation of the combustible liquid, see Fig. 3. The
outside plate d is larger than the insido plate d', and both are mounted
on a socket & which is fitted to the burner a.
These burners by a modification in construction are applicable to
mural lamps burning either with or without a wick as desired. In this
case the oil receptacle is arranged, and the supply tube bent so as to
keep a continuous liquid level from the feed pipe near the burner to the
receptacle. Fig. 4 represents a burner of this description without tho
use of the wick. In this case the supply tube A is specially arranged
for conducting the liquid to the burner B in communication with tho
recipient R. The burner B bearing the metal plate D distributer of the
heat and light, is placed at right angles, that is to say, vertically at
the end of the tube A, and is there solidly fixed or soldered, and forms a
single canal; this Figure shows the new position of the tube A or canal,
and the place it should occupy in relation to the recipent R. In order
that the supply of liquid may be regular and uniform, the disposition of
the interior of the body of the lamp is such that the liquid leaving the
recipient is always level with the end of the burner, but leaving a small

page_text: space or chamber c', and about a centimetre high between the surface of
the liquid and the burner where the gas to be burned forms naturally.
The dotted lines L show the level of the liquid, the gas is naturally
liberated by heat transmitted by the bent plate to, the burner or conduit
pipe, the level position of the liquid in the burner and recipient suffices
to dispense with a wick and the trouble of arranging, regulating, and
keeping it in order, and a good bright and white light is obtained
without smell, the gases being burned as formed and without the necessity
of a glass for the draught. The end of the burner B bears a small
capsule G, which serves to heat the liquid and free the gas; by gently
inclining the lamp a few drops of the liquid enter the capsule, and on
applying a match immediately ignites. As soon as the end of the burner
becomes heated the gas is liberated, and the burner produces a bright
and well sustained light by aid of the arched metallic plate.
A small wick tube T may also be placed at the upper part of the
recipient or lamp body with movable cap. The object of this is merely
to replace at will the capsule G. This disposition of burner for lamps
burning mineral essences can also be employed as heating apparatus in
many branches of industry, as it produces a constant and powerful
caloric by a continuous production of gas.
Having thus described my Invention, I claim the construction of
lamps for burning mineral essences with or without a wick in the
manner and by the means herein specified, and as illustrated by the
accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Delphin Baudelot, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of January, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five
-
Witness,
E. HÉBRÉ.
DELPHIN BAUDELOT. (L.S.)