Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Aug., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 12th Dec., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 22nd Jan., 1889
We, JOHN PARKES and FREDERICK GNOSILL, trading together in co-partnership as
Parkes and Gnosill, of 26 Regent Street, Walsall in the County of Stafford, hame
manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention refers to improved means of fixing to the hames the mountings
thereof, that is the eyes or cheeks, or the staples, for carrying the draught plates
or traces, and also the eyes for carrying the rein rings and the top staples that
is the staples through which the straps pass for fastening a pair of hames on to
the collar, and has for its main object to prevent the weakening of the hames which
arises from the ordinary method of fixing such mountings.
According to the usual method of fixing the mountings aforesaid shanks formed
thereon are passed through the hame case and wood core and are rivetted up at
their ends. Forming the holes, however, for the shanks materially weakens the
cases and cuts away a very large proportion indeed of the section of the wood.
Now, according to this invention, the weakening of the hames is avoided by
brazing the mountings to the case instead of fixing them with shanks, and thus
any need for weakening the hames by forming holes therethrough is avoided..
In carrying out this invention in the fixing of the eyes or cheeks to which the
draught plate is swivelled both eyes of the pair may be formed upon a clip which passes
around or partially around the hame and is brazed thereto; or each eye may be
formed with a strap or ligature which passes around or partially around the hame
and is brazed thereto, and, if desired, lugs may be formed outwards from the eyes
so as to have a hold longitudinally upon the hame, and both the eyes may be
joined together by a longitudinal lug running between them.
When staples are employed in lieu of the eyes they may be formed for attachment
in the manner described with reference to the eyes and be brazed upon the case;
or, as the draught in such cases is not usually so great as when eyes are employed,
plain bosses may be formed on the staples for brazing to the case, these bosses being
of course hollowed somewhat at their bearing faces to bear properly against the
curved surface of the case.

page_text: The eye for the rein ring, and the top staple for receiving the strap, may both
be formed with bosses of the character described with reference to the draught
staples for brazing to the case, or may be formed with straps or projecting lugs for
the purpose.
By rigidly brazing the eyes for the draught plates to the cases as described the
advantage results that when the pin which passes through the eyes for holding the
plate is tightened up it springs the eyes slightly towards one another and thus
causes an elastic pressure under the nut of the bolt tending to prevent it jarring
loose and allowing the pin to turn, and thus the wear of the holes through the
eyes is avoided which results when the pin is liable to turn as in the ordinary method
of fixing the eyes.
Dated this 11th day of August 1888

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Cased Cart Hames.
We, JOHN PARKES and FREDERICK GNOSILL, trading together in co-partnership
as Parkes and Gnosill, of 26 Regent Street, Walsall in the County of Stafford hame
manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
This invention refers to improved means of fixing to the hames the mountings
thereof, that is the cheeks or eyes, or the staples, for carrying the draught plates or
traces, and also the eyes for carrying the rein rings and the top staples, that is the
staples through which the straps pass for fastening a pair of bames on to the collar;
and has for its main object to prevent the weakening of the hames which arises from
the ordinary method of fixing such mountings.
According to the usual method of fixing the mountings, aforesaid, shanks formed
thereon are passed through the hame case and wood core and are rivetted up at their
ends. Forming the holes, however, for the shanks materially weakens the cases and
cuts away a very large portion indeed of the section of the wood.
Now, according to this invention, the weakening of the hames by forming holes
therethrough is avoided by brazing the mountings to the case instead of fixing them
with shanks.
In order that the invention may be clearly understood we will now describe the
same with reference to the accompanying drawings.
b
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a full-cased cart hame A, with the mountings fixed
thereto according to this invention. The draught plate B is shewn in position by
broken lines, and the cheeks a a through which the pin 6 passes for connecting the
draught plate with the cheeks are each formed with a strap or ligature a¹ which passes
on each side partially around the exterior of the case and is brazed thereto. Figure 2
is a section taken on line x x of figure 1, and clearly shews the ligature a¹ as
embracing a large portion of the circumference of the case c.
By rigidly brazing the cheeks to the cases as described the further advantage
results that when the pin b is tightened up it springs the cheeks slightly towards one
another and thus causes an elastic pressure under the nut tending to prevent it
jarring loose and allowing the pin to turn, and thus the wear of the holes
through the cheeks is avoided which results when the pin is liable to turn as in the
ordinary method of fixing the cheeks.
In order to give a greater holding power and distribute the pull of the cheeks
over a greater area of the case, a lug a² may be formed outwards from each cheek,
or rather from the part thereof which forms the ligature, and be itself also brazed to
the case.

page_text: Figure 3 illustrates a modification of this invention in which both the cheeks a are
formed solid with a single broad strap or ligature a¹, instead of being each formed
independently of the other as in the previously described modification. Figure 4 is a
section taken on line y y of figure 3 shewing the strap or ligature a¹ in section. This
strap is also brazed to the case. When the cheeks are formed in one piece with the
strap, it is convenient to make them in malleable cast iron.
Referring again to figure 1, and referring also to figure 5 which is a section taken
on line of figure 1, the eye d for carrying the rein ring d' is formed with a
boss d², and this boss is hollowed out on its inner face to fit against the curved surface
of the case c and is brazed to such case.
The top staple e is formed with bosses e¹ which are hollowed similarly to the
boss d² to fit the curved surface of the case, and these bosses also are brazed to
the case.
The eye for the rein ring, and also the top staple, may if desired be formed
with straps or ligatures for brazing to the case, so as to give an increased hold,
but as the strain on these mountings is comparatively light there is no need in
ordinary cases to adopt such method of fixture.
The means, substantially as described, of fixing the cheeks for carrying the draught
plate and of fixing the eye for the rein ring, and the top staple, to a full-cased hame
may be adopted also for fixing such parts to half-cased hames.
Figure 6 is a section, corresponding to figure 2, shewing a cheek a brazed to a.
half-cased hame A¹. It is preferred to form the strap a¹ of such length, as shewn,
that after the part thereof which embraces the case has been brazed thereto the
outer end a² of such strap may be bent round the edge of the wood f, as shewn by
figure 7.
The straps or ligatures of the cheeks may, if preferred, be formed to pass entirely
around the hames, but it is not at all essential for this to be done, and it makes the
fitting of the haine to the collar slightly inconvenient; though the straps may, in such
case, be made quite thin and thus reduce to a minimum the inconvenience of fitting
them to the collar.
It is sometimes preferred to employ staples in lieu of cheeks for connecting the
draught plates or traces with the hames, and when such is the case the staples are
brazed to the hame case instead of being fixed in the ordinary method. Figure 8
shews, in side elevation, a staple g with bosses g' formed thereon and brazed to the
hame case A just as the eye for the rein ring and the top staple are brazed to the case.
The draught plate is when employed, of course placed over the staple previously to
the second of the arms 92 being turned down at right angles from the straight part g,
as is usual when such staples are employed, and the boss on the arm which is last
turned down must, of course, be formed thereon after the turning down; or, if
desired, a boss may be formed on the arm only which is first turned down, and to
increase the hold of the part which has not a boss formed thereon the end of such
part may be flattened out to form a strap for brazing to the case; or the ends of
both of the arms may be so formed, if desired. As, however, these staples are
usually employed for light draught they do not require to be fixed so strongly as
the cheeks employed for heavier draught. When the trace is to be connected
direct with the staple both the bosses may, if preferred, be formed on the staple
previously to the parts g² being turned out at right angles, as the trace is connected
after the staple is fixed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our 'said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. Fixing the cheeks or eyes, or the staples employed in lieu thereof, for carrying
the draught plates or traces, and also the eyes for carrying the rein rings, and the
top staples, to cased hames by brazing them to the hame cases in lieu of fixing
them by means of shanks passing through holes in the hames, substantially as
described, for the purpose set forth.

page_text: 2. Fixing the cheeks or eyes, or the staples employed in lieu thereof, for carrying
the draught plates or traces, and also the eyes for carrying the rein rings, and the
top staples, to cased hames by forming straps or ligatures on such mountings and
brazing them to the hame cases, substantially as described, and for the purpose
5 set forth.
3. The means, substantially as described with reference to the drawings herewith,
by which the mountings above described are fixed to cased hames, for the purpose
set forth.
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Walsall and Wolverhampton,
Agent for the Applicants.