Improvements in Naphtha Soap and in the Method of and Apparatus for Producing such a Soap.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 20th June, 1893-Accepted, 22nd July, 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Naphtha Soap and in the Method of and Apparatus
for Producing such a Soap.
I, EPHRAIM WENTWORTH STANTON, a citizen of the United States, residing
at Sharon Hill, in the County of Delaware, and State of Pennsylvania, Soap
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN NAPHTHA SOAP AND IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PRO-
DUCING SUCH A SOAP, and in what manner the same is to be perforined to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
The principal objects of my invention are first, to provide a soap or soap stock
permanently and lastingly infused or impregnated with naphtha; second, to provide
a simple, expeditious and inexpensive method of permanently and completely
impregnating or infusing soap or soap stock with naphtha; and third, to provide
simple, durable and efficient apparatus for the conduct of the method of producing
such a soap or soap stock.
My invention consists of a soap or soap-stock permanently and lastingly infused
or impregnated with naphtha in the manner hereinafter described.
My invention further comprises the method of permanently impregnating or
infusing soap or soap-stock with naphtha, which consists first in thoroughly com-
mingling a saponifiable mixture or soap-stock with naphtha, then conveying the
saponifiable mixture or soap-stock containing the naphtha into a vessel and while
so confined therein heating the same to ebullition and preventing the escape of the
volatile components of the naphtha and so as to permanently or lastingly incorporate
the same in and with the resultant product.
My invention further comprises the method of permanently impregnating or
infusing soap or soap-stock with naphtha, which consists in thoroughly commingling
or mixing a saponifiable mixture or soap-stock with naphtha, then conveying the
saponifiable mixture or soap-stock into a closed vessel and while so confined heating
to a high temperature and preventing the escape of the volatile components of
the naphtha and cooling in the same vessel the resultant product having the
naphtha permanently incorporated in and with the same; and
My invention further consists of the improvements hereinafter described and
claimed.
Naphtha soap or soap-stock produced according to my invention is distinguished
from ordinary petroleum soap or soap-stock made from the heavy hydrocarbon oils
by reason of the fact that in this instance, the naphtha which is highly volatile and
which it has heretofore been supposed could not be retained in a soap or soap-stock
by reason of its volatile nature, is permanently and lastingly infused or impregnated
therewith; and such a soap or soap-stock is produced according to my invention in
the following manner :-
A saponifiable substance or mixture and naphtha are thoroughly mixed. Excellent
results have been attained in practice by mixing the following ingredients in the
proportions specified hereunder :-
Naphtha, at 65° gravity
-
and a saponifiable substance or mixture comprising
Pulverized rosin
-
100 gallons
-
750 pounds
Caustic potash dissolved in lime water and
reduced to about 60°
-
-
100 pounds
Caustic soda in solution at 38° Baumé
-
100 pounds.
This mixture may be effected by agitation, without which the ingredients would
TL
the heated to bullition in a closed

page_text: vessel from which the naphtha cannot escape and is subsequently permitted to cool
or may be artificially cooled therein, with the result that a syrup or soap-stock
thoroughly and permanently impregnated or infused with naphtha, is obtained.
This syrup or soap-stock constitutes a soft soap which may be converted into a
hard soap by mixing it in the cold state or condition with a solution of caustic-
soda at 38 Baume, more or less, and in the proportion of about three parts of
syrup to one of the soda solution. This syrup or soap-stock also constitutes a
substance or mixture that may be advantageously combined with soaps produced
from grease and fatty matter in a well understood manner, thereby improving
their quality and reducing their cost. In practice this result may be accomplished
by crutching one part of the syrup or soap-stock with about three parts of soap,
in the ordinary manner.
In the accompanying drawing is illustrated a view partly in section and partly
in elevation of an apparatus embodying features of my invention and especially
designed and arranged for the conduct of the method of making a naphtha soap or
soap-stock.
π, Is a
In the drawings a, is a tank adapted for the reception of a saponifiable substance
or mixture and naphtha provided with an agitator b, by means of which these
ingredients may be thoroughly mixed. c, is a pipe communicating with the tank a,
and through which the mixture is forced by gravity or by a pump d, to the closed
vessel e.
g, is a coil of pipe located in the vessel e, and provided with an off-take
pipe gh, is a pipe provided with a cock ', and adapted to convey steam to the
coils g, in order to heat the contents of the vessel e, to ebullition. i, is a pipe
provided with a cock ', for supplying water to the coil g, in order to cool the
contents of the vessel e. k, is a glass gauge applied to the wall of the vessel e, in
order to show the height of the contents thereof. I, a spigot or tap through
which the contents of the vessel e, may be drawn off into a vat or cart m.
condensing coil provided with a pet-cock n', and communicating at one extremity
thereof, with the interior of the vessel e. and having the other extremity thereof
immersed in a water-seal. Above the coil n, is arranged a pipe m, provided with
a rose or sprayer m', having a stop-cock m³, for regulating the quantity of water
discharged over the coil », into the tank or trough w, provided with a discharge-
cock . This coil n, serves to condense the volatile constituents of the petroleum
and for this purpose is artificially cooled by means of a stream or jet of water as
illustrated or in any other preferred manner. Moreover, the slope of the coil n,
is toward the vessel e, so that the liquids resulting from the condensation that
occurs therein, flow back into the vessel e. It being understood that certain vapors
may pass through the coil », in order to relieve any undue pressure therein, and
such vapors are condensed in or may escape from the water-seal o.
In practice the tank a, being properly charged with a saponifiable substance or
mixture and naphtha, its contents are commingled by means of the agitator b. The
resulting mixture is then introduced into the vessel e, through the pipe c, until
the vessel e, is about one third full, which fact may be readily ascertained by
reference to the gauge k. Steam is then introduced into the coil g, through the
pipe, and the contents of the vessel e, are brought to the point of ebullition which
is indicated by the rising of the liquid in the gauge, whereupon the supply of steam
is shut off, and water is introduced into the coil g, through the pipe i. These
operations are facilitated by stirring the contents of the vessel e, by means of the
agitator, which is also useful for commingling the contents of the vessel e, if they
should have been accidentally left unboiled long enough to separate by gravity.
During the heating operation a considerable volatilization of the components of the
naphtha takes place, which would result in loss and prevent the permanent impreg-
nation or infusion of the soap or soap-stock therewith, if the vessel e, were open,
and possibly an undue pressure, if it were closed. However, the coil and its
accessories prevent the escape of the volatile components of the naphtha from the
thus insuring the permanent impregnation or infusion of the soap or soap-
*tock with a large percentage of naphtha. This coil n, also permits sufficient air to
vessel
e,
12g

page_text: pass off at the water seal o, for relieving the pressure in the vessel e.
During the
cooling operation air may be admitted if desirable to do so through the pet-cock n'.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what L
claim is:
1. As a new article of manufacture, a soap or soap-stock permanently and
lastingly infused or impregnated with naphtha and produced in the manner and for
the purposes described.
2. The process of permanently impregnating or infusing soap or soap-stock with
naphtha, which consists in thoroughly commingling a soap-stock with naphtha, then
conveying the soap-stock into a vessel and while so confined therein heating the
same to ebullition and preventing the escape of the volatile components thereof su
as to permanently incorporate the naphtha in and with the resultant product,
substantially in the manner and for the purposes described:
3. The process of permanently impregnating or infusing a soap or soap-stock
with naphtha, which consists in thoroughly commingling a saponifiable mixture
with naphtha, then conveying the saponifiable mixture to a closed vessel and while
so confined heating to a high temperature and preventing the escape of the volatile
components thereof and cooling in the same vessel the resultant product having
naphtha permanently incorporated in and with the same, substantially as described.
4. The combination, in an apparatus for making naphtha soap or soap-stock, of a
tank provided with an agitator, a closed-vessel provided with a heating and con-
densing coil, off-takes, an agitator and pipe-connections between said tank and vessel,
substantially as and for the purposes described.
5. The combination, in an apparatus for making naphtha soap or soap-stock, of a
tank provided with an agitator, a vessel provided with a cock, an agitator, a heating
and cooling coil and an off-take therefor, pipe-connections and a pump between said
connections and said tank and vessel, a water-seal, and a condensing-coil provided
with a cock and connected with said vessel and water-seal, substantially as and for
purposes described.
6. The combination, in an apparatus for making nahptha soap or soap-stock, of a
tank provided with an agitator, and connected, by a pipe with a closed-vessel having
an agitator, a steam heating and water condensing coil provided with an off-take, a
discharge-spigot and gauge, and a water-sealed condensing-coil connected with said
vessel and provided with an air-cock, substantially as and for the purposes
described.
1
DL1 1 1
11
101 1.
AD 1902
EPHRAIM WENTWORTH STANTON.
W. P. Thompson & Boult,
Agents for the Applicant.
EPHRAIM WENTWORTH STANTON.
W. P. Thompson & Boult,
Agents for the Applicant.