Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Feb., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 4th Nov., 1896-Accepted, 5th Dec., 1896
A communication from JEAN BENOIT GRANJON, of Lyons, in the Republic of
France, Engineer.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The steam generator which forms the subject of the present invention comprises
a combination and application of a special arrangement of a vaporising tube or
Lubes.
The realisation of very rapid vaporisation is based in principle on obtaining
great heating surface corresponding to a small volume of the liquid to be vaporised,
and this realisation can be practical only on condition that the scale or the
sediments which may obstruct the circulation of the liquid to be vaporised may be
easily, rapidly and thoroughly removed.
The arrangement of the vaporising tube according to this invention comprises a
metallic tube, varying in length diameter and thickness, the ends of which receive,
with a tight joint, short pipes as inlet and outlet.
The hollow interior of each tube is provided with metallic rods of suitable
shapes, sections and dimensions, which rods may, if desired be hollow, with their
ends closed when it may be important to considerably decrease the weight.
These rods are maintained tight in the interior of each tube by means of other
rods forming keys, which may vary in number and in position according to the
shape and section of the tube.
In the examples herein described the tubes both externally and internally are of
circular cross section is also the rods and keys for these rods, which are placed within
the said tubes, but it is evident that the cross section of these parts and their other
dimensions may vary considerably without altering the substance of the invention.
In all cases the section of the rods and their keys will be such and in such way
combined with the section of the hollow interior of the tubes that between the rods
and keys themselves as well as between them and the walls of the tube there will
be formed spaces of a very small, even capillary, section.
The application and the combination of those rods result chiefly in a great
division of the section of the liquid, which has been injected into the tubes, in any
suitable manner, the vaporisation of which liquid is effected the more rapidly, being
of a small section, and in close contact with the rods, which are heated and main-
tained at a high temperature by the fact of their contact with each other and with
the inner wall of the tubes, the contact being secured by tightening produced by
the rods, forming the keys.
It is clear, that by the arrangement of the vaporising tube which has been just
described the problem of very rapid vaporisation has been resolved in a practical
manner, thus realising a very great heating surface corresponding to the spaces of
small section for circulation of the liquid to be vaporised. It is evident, that in
consequence of this arrangement, the liquid injected into the vaporising tube, and
which must be subjected to a very great heat, will be immediately vaporised by the
fact of the wall of the tube transmitting, by reason of its conductibility its intense

page_text: heat to the rods and keys and so to the injected liquid, very rapid vaporisation of
which will be thus produced.
Concerning the cleaning of the vaporising tube, it is very simple and easy; it is
sufficient, in fact, the short inlet and outlet pipes being removed, to remove the
bunch of rods from the interior. of the tube, which removal will be made possible
and easy by removing in the first instance the keys, tightening the rods.
This arrangement of. tubes for rapid vaporisation may be modified without
altering the spirit of the invention.
In one modification, the tubes may be made of a greater diameter and may have
several hollow spaces in them, each of which is provided with rods and keys as
previously described; that is to say, that in this arrangement, the vaporising tubes
consist of several elements, connected with each other by the pipe pieces connecting
the inlets and outlets of every two elements, so that a continuous circulation is
obtained in opposite directions, if two elements are considered as connected by the
same pipe. piece.
In accordance with the importance of the steam generators to be erected, the
tubes with multiple vaporising elements may be combined in different numbers,
successively connected to each other, two and two, so as to get the circulation of
the liquid to be vaporised through the whole.
As an example a gencrator may have five vaporising tubes each tube having
seven combined vaporising elements; in this case, the injection of the liquid is
effected through one of the elements of the upper tube, the liquid passing through
each of the elements of each of the tubes and coming out as steam under high
pressure through one of the elements of the lower tube.
In a further modification a vertical boiler is arranged with tubes on this system,
which tubes are in this case supposed to be composed of only one element. The
vaporising tubes which are respectively connected with each other by inlet and
outlet pieces, are placed vertically round the furnace. The tubes are not thick
and may be strengthened by a cast iron envelope or jacket at that part which is
subjected to the greatest heat from the furnace.
In the case of vaporising tubes either with multiple elements or with a single
element passages may be made in the walls of the tubes so as to allow the hot
gases to pass and, if desired, heat the tubes inside as well as outside.
It is evident, that the above are only examples of the modifications and
applications of which the present invention is capable.
Dated this 4th day of February 1896.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.
A communication from JEAN BENOIT GRANJON, of Lyons, in the Republic of
France, Engineer.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and 4
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The steam generator which forms the subject of the present invention comprises
the combination and application of a special arrangement of a vaporising tube
or tubes shown by way of example in the accompanying drawings.

page_text: The realisation of a very rapid vaporisation is based in principle on obtaining
great heating surface corresponding to a small volume of the liquid to be vaporised,.
and this realisation cau be practical only on condition that the scale or sediments
which are liable to obstruct the circulation of the liquid to be vaporisel may be
easily, rapidly and thorougbly removed.
The arrangement of the vaporising tube according to this invention shown by
way of example in Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings in longitudinal
and transverse section, comprises as an examination of these figures will show, a
metallic tube A, which may vary in length diameter and thickness, the ends of
which receive, so as to form a tight joint, short pipes B and C as an inlet and
outlet for the liquid.
The hollow interior D of each tube A is provided with metallic rods E of
suitable shape, sections, and dimensions, which rods may, if desired be hollow,
with their ends closed when it may be important to decrease the weight.
These rods E may be maintained tight in the interior D.of each tube by means
of other rods F forming keys which may vary in number and in position according
to the shape and section of D.
In the examples herein described and illustrated the tubes A both externally and
internally are of circular cross section as also the rods E and keys F for these rods,
which are placed within the said tubes but, it is evident that both the cross section
of these parts and also their other dimensions may vary considerably without
altering the substance of the invention.
In all cases the section of the rods E and their keys F will be such, and in such
way combined with the section of the hollow interior D of the tubes A. that
between the rods and keys themselves as well as between them and the walls of the
tube there will be formed spaces G of very small section.
The application and the combination of these rods produces a great division of
the liquid which has been injected into the tubes A in any suitable manner, the
vaporisation of which liquid is effected the more rapidly, each column or stream of
liquid being of small section and in close contact with the rods E which are heated
and maintained at a high temperature by their contact with each other and with
the inner wall of the tubes A the contact being secured by the tightening produced
by the rods F, forming the keys.
It is clear that by the arrangement of the vaporising tube which has been just
described the problem of very rapid vaporisation has been resolved in a practical
manner by obtaining a very great heating surface corresponding to the spaces
of small section for circulation of the liquid to be vaporised. It is evident that in
consequence of this arrangement, the liquid injected into the vaporising tube and
which is thereby subjected to a very great heat, will be immediately vaporised the
wall of the tube A transmitting, by reason of its conductibility, its intense heat to
the rods E and keys F and so to the injected liquid.
The cleaning of the vaporising tube is effected very simply and easily; it is
sufficient when the short inlet and outlet pipes have been removed, to take out the
bunch of rods E from the interior of the tube A, which removal will be made
possible and easy by removing in the first instance the keys which serve to
tighten the rods E.
This arrangement of tubes for rapid vaporisation may be modified without
departing from the spirit of the invention as shown for example in Figures 3 and 4.
In this modification the tubes A may be made of a greater diameter and may be
formed with several hollow spaces D in them each of which is provided with
rods E and keys F as previously described and shown in Figures 1 and 2; that is
to say, that in this arrangement, the vaporising tubes consist of several parts or
channels, connected with each other by the junction pipe connecting the inlets and
outlets of the channels together so that a continuous circulation is obtained in
opposite directions.
In accordance with the importance of the steam generators to be erected the
tubes A with multiple vaporising channels may be combined in different numbers,

page_text: successively connected to each other, two and two so as to effect circulation of the
liquid to be vaporised through the whole system.
As an example a generator as shown in Figures 3 and 4 may have five
vaporising tubes, each tube having seven combined vaporising channels; in this
case, the injection of the liquid is effected through one of the channels of the upper
tube A on the left of Figure 3 the liquid passing through each of the subsidiary
channels of each of the tubes A and coming out as steam under high pressure
through one of the channels of the lower tube A on the left of the drawing.
In a further modification shown in a vertical and transverse section on
Figures 6 and 7 a vertical boiler is arranged with tubes which are in this case supposed
to be composed of only one channel similar to those shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The
vaporising tubes A which are respectively connected with each other by inlet and
outlet tubes are arranged vertically round the furnace H, these tubes are not very
thick and may be strengthened by a cast iron envelope or jacket I at that part
which is subjected to the greatest heat froin the furnace H.
In the case of vaporising tubes with either multiple channels or with a single
channel, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, passages may be formed in
the walls of the tubes so as to allow the hot gases to pass and if desired heat the
tubes inside as well as outside.
Figures 8, 9, 10, and 11 show a modification of the invention wherein the tube
is provided with a casing in order to radiate the heat; and form round the steam
generator a heat equaliser or distributor. Such a casing also forms a protection
for the tubes and so renders them more durable and lasting, and is particularly
advantageous in stationary generators, or places where increase of weight is of
secondary importance.
It is evident that the above are only examples of the modifications and
applications of which the present invention is capable.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. In a steam generator the combination with a furnace of a tube or
longitudinally-perforated bar, rods or tubes contained in that bar, a sheath or
casing for that bar, and hollow connecting pieces, substantially as set forth.
or
2. In a steam generator the combination with a furnace of a tube
longitudinally-perforated bar A rods E, F contained in that bar, and hollow
connecting pieces B, C substantially as set forth.
3. In a steam generator the combination with a furnace of a longitudinally-
perforated bar, tubular rods contained in that bar, and hollow connecting-pieces B. Č.
substantially as set forth.
4. In a steam generator a series of tubes or passages connected together and
forming a continuous passage for the circulation of the liquid to be vaporised, each
tube being packed with a number of solid or hollow rods of suitable cross section
so as to form a number of small passages for the liquid, whereby it is divided into
a number of fine streams, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Dated this 4th day of November 1896.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.