IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WRINGING AND MANGLING
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Bristow Hunt, of Serle Street, Lincoln's Inn, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR WRINGING AND MANGLING." A communication from
abroad by William Gustavus Lewis, of Framingham, Middlesex County,
Massachusetts, in the United States of America.
Sealed the 23rd June 1876, and dated the 15th April 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Bristow Hunt at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th April 1876.
"
BRISTOW HUNT, of Serle Street, Lincoln's Inn, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman. IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WRINGING AND
MANGLING." A communication from abroad by William Gustavus Lewis, of
Framingham, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, in the United States of America.
This Invention relates to certain improvements in machinery or apparatus for
wringing and mangling, and in which pressure rolls are used, between which the
fabrics are passed and squeezed or smoothed thereby.
The improved wringing machine or apparatus is constructed with two end frame's
(in which are the bearings of the wringing rolls), and suitable means for connecting
and holding the same rigidly at a fixed distance apart. In slots or openings made in
the upper portions of these end frames are placed sliding bearing blocks containing
the journals of an upper guide roll, and upon the upper sides of which blocks set
screws bear.
One of the two pressure or wringing rolls is made of metal with a polished
surface, and is journalled in fixed bearings in the lower part of the wringer frame
under and parallel with the said guide roll, and the other of which wringing rolls is
made of rubber or other elastic material and is placed between and parallel with the
first pressure roll and the guide roll, and has journals which project into vertical
slots or guides in the end frames, the elastic roll and the guide roll being adapted to
rise and fall. The elastic roll is made preferably tubular and has trunnioned bearing
or end plates applied to its ends. Other guide rolls are journalled in fixed bearings
in the frame, one at each side of the elastic roll.
When a fabric to be squeezed dry is introduced between the pressure rolls the
elastic roll is displaced and rises, being compressed against the upper guide or
bearing roll. The elastic roll in its effort to expand exerts a powerful pressure on
the fabric, which is thoroughly squeezed as it is passed between the rolls by their
[Price 6d.]

page_text: 1
rotation. This compression of the said roll is regulated by the said set screws
which hold the bearings of the upper guide roll at any desired point in the said
slots and prevent it from yielding or rising beyond the desired point under the
pressure of the elastic roll. The side guide rolls also prevent the elastic roll from
being displaced laterally. The shafts of the upper guide and metallic pressure
rolls project beyond one end of the frame and are provided with cogged wheels
which are connected by an intermediate cogged wheel having bearings at the
junction of links which extend from the said shafts of the said rolls and form
elbow connections between the stationary shaft of the said pressure roll and the
vertically adjustable shaft of the said guide roll. The shaft of the upper guide roll
is provided with a crank, and when rotated its motion is imparted to the metal
pressure roll, both being rotated in the same direction and rotating the elastic roll
in the opposite direction by frictional contact. When the upper guide roll is raised
by the pressure of the, elastic roll in wringing the space between its cogged wheel
and the cogged wheel of the metal roll is increased. This movement of the upper
guide roll, however, causes the said elbow connections to more nearly approximate
a straight line than before, and thus bring the intermediate cogged wheel nearer
the vertical plane of the axes of the said upper guide and metal rolls causing its
teeth to maintain the same relation to the teeth of the said cogged wheels that
they did before the movement of the said guide roll. When the latter descends its
cogged wheel returns to its former position. It will thus be seen that there is no
possibility of the cogged wheels becoming disconnected however widely the pressure
rolls may be separated. This arrangement enables short teeth to be employed on
the wheels and prevents their breakage, which frequently occurs in wringing
apparatus employing long toothed wheels when the latter become separated so
as to engage with each other only at their points. The frame of this apparatus
is also provided with four posts or supports, two being placed on the lower portion
of each end frame. Upon one of the posts of each pair is placed a swivelled
bearing plate, the face of which may be curved or otherwise adapted to the inner
surface of a washing tub, vessel, or box. The plates are secured to the posts by
means of perforated lugs formed on their backs, the lugs being slipped over the
posts and lield thereon by suitable stops. Upon the opposite post of each pair is
a clamping device, which is intended to bear against the outer surface of the vessel
by which the wringer is supported. Each clamping device consists of a bar corru-
gated on its face, parallel guide pins projecting rearward through holes in the said.
post and adapted to slide therein and a thumb screw working through a tapped
orifice in the post between the guide pins and bearing against the rear of the said
bar.
In the apparatus more especially adapted for pressing or mangling, the pressure
rolls (made of metal or other suitable material) have their bearings in a suitable
frame, the lower roll being placed in fixed bearings. and the upper roll in yielding
or adjustable blocks, which are preferably made in two parts, adapted to slide in
slots in the said frame and provided with devices herein-after described for
depressing the said rolls, and springs for raising the roll when the pressure is
removed. One of the pressure rolls (preferably the lower one) is provided with a
coating of vulcanized india-rubber, of suitable thickness, and which is preferably
applied to the roll while soft, and then vulcanized to a considerable degree of hardness,
leaving it slightly elastic, the roll being provided with dovetail grooves which hold
the rubber in place. The other pressure roll has a smoothly polished metal surface
and may be adapted to be heated by steam or otherwise if desired. The said
springs which support the bearing-blocks of the upper roll are adapted to raise the
same under certain conditions, as will be presently described.
Other springs or
elastic blocks are interposed preferably between the two parts of the said blocks;
these elastic blocks thus permit the upper roll to yield or rise bodily to a slight
extent for the purpose of dividing the elasticity as described herein-after.
The upper surfaces of the pressure blocks are preferably inclined, and upon
these inclined surfaces bear inclines or wedges on a horizontal wedge bar adapted

page_text: to slide in a groove in a crossbar of the said frame, its wedges being caused to
exert a downward pressure on the said blocks by this motion. The sliding of the
wedge bar causes the depression of the bearing blocks and the upper pressure roll
against the pressure of the said supporting springs. This motion of the bar is
effected by a cam operated by a lever, the cam being pivoted to the said crossbar
and entering a slot or camway in the middle of the wedge bar, and bearing against
the ends of the slot in such manner as (when turned on its pivots) to force said
bar in one direction or the other, according to the direction in which it is turned.
The cam is of such width as to nearly fill the said slot or camway, consequently
its edges are always close to the ends of the slot, and the wedge bar responds
readily to every movement of the cam, which is so formed as to impart a rapid
movement to the wedge-bar when it is turned by its lever. Pressure is thus exerted
quickly and in the same degree on each of the sliding blocks of the upper roll, and
the latter is expeditiously raised and lowered and is kept in a position parallel
with that of the under roll.
A stationary segmental ratchet is placed on the said crossbar in such a position
as to engage with a spring pawl on the said lever, and hold the latter in any
desired position within the are of its movement, thus enabling the different degrees
of pressure to be applied to the upper roll and maintained.
This wedge bar and its operating cam may be applied to any mechanism in which
it is desirable to exert pressure simultaneously and in the same degree at two or
more points.
In a small mangle or whenever a limited movement of the object on which the
pressure is exerted is necessary the said lever may be rigidly attached to the said
cam, but when a greater degree of adjustment is desired than can be conveniently
obtained by a single movement of the lever in an arc of moderate length the cam
and lever may be made in two parts.
In this construction one of the trunnions of the cam projects beyond the said
crossbar, and is provided with a ratchet which is rigidly affixed thereto. The
lever is pivotted to this trunnion of the cam or otherwise, so as to swing indepen-
dently of the cam, and is provided with a pawl which engages with the teeth of
the said ratchet. Another pawl holds the ratchet against the tension of a spring
which tends to force the wedge bar back and release the pressure it exerts when
the ratchet is released, said spring being applied in such manner as to partially
rotate the cam or to draw the wedge bar. This construction enables a series of short
vibrations of the lever to effect the desired movement of the wedge bar by means
of the first inentioned pawl and the ratchet, the cam being turned intermittently
until the desired degree of pressure is obtained. To remove the pressure the lever
is swung over against a projection on the second mentioned pawl, and throws the
latter out of contact with the ratchet, releasing the latter and allowing the said
spring to throw back the wedge bar. This arrangement enables the lever to be
always within convenient distance of the operator, and obviates the necessity of
swinging the lever through long arcs or vibrations. The under pressure roll is
preferably provided at one end with a large internal gear wheel, which gears with
a pinion on a crank or driving shaft. There is a cogged wheel on the opposite end.
of the axis of the lower roll which gears with another cogged wheel on the same
end of the upper roll. Two intermediate cogged wheels, which are journalled on the
frame, and gear with each other, gear also with the cogged wheel on the axis of
the pressure rolls, the four cogs constituting parallel gears whereby the positive
rotation imparted to the lower roll by the prime motor is transmitted in the oppo-
site direction to the upper roll, the latter being free to rise and fall, and its cogged
wheel being entirely free from the cogged wheel on the axis of the lower roll.
auxiliary roll parallel with the pressure rolls is journalled in a frame pivotted to
the axis of the upper roll, and provided with a handle for convenience of operation,
or to the frame of the mangle, or otherwise in such manner as to allow the auxiliary.
roll to be raised and lowered and pressed when lowered against the periphery of
the lower pressure roll. The axis of the upper pressure roll is not placed in the
An

page_text: same vertical plane as that of the lower roll, but rearward thereof. By this arrange-
ment the upper surface of the lower roll is exposed to a certain extent, and the
goods to be pressed are enabled to be more readily presented to the action of both
rolls: The fabric to be pressed is laid on the projecting upper surface of the lower
roll, while the auxiliary roll is elevated, after which the auxiliary roll is
lowered and pressed upon the fabric. The positive rotation of the lower roll induces
the rotation of the auxiliary roll, which co-operates with it in feeding the fabric
along to the point where it is drawn between the pressure rolls. The auxiliary
roll thus acts as a feed roll and at the same time removes all wrinkles or puckering
in the fabric before it is acted on by the pressure rolls and holds the lower side of
the fabric in contact with a large, extent of the area of the lower roll, thereby
enabling the latter to have a better ironing or smoothing effect, particularly if it
is heated, than if the auxiliary roll were not employed. If desired, the auxiliary
roll as well as the polished pressure roll may be heated by steam or otherwise, these
rolls being connected by a flexible pipe.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Bristow Hunt in the Great Scal Patent Office on the 13th October
1876.
BRISTOW HUNT, of Serle Street, Lincoln's Inn, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WRINGING AND
MANGLING." A communication from abroad by William Gustavus Lewis, of Framing-
ham, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, in the United States of America.
This Invention relates to certain improvements in machinery or apparatus for
wringing and mangling, and in which pressure rolls are used between which the
fabrics are passed and squeezed or smoothed thereby.
The improved machine or apparatus more especially adapted for wringing pur-
poses is illustrated on the accompanying Drawings in Figures 1 to 4. Figure 1
representing a side elevation, Figure 2 an end elevation, and Figures 3 and 4 sections
respectively on the lines 1×, 1x, Figure 1, and 2*, 2,× Figure 2.
This apparatus is constructed with two end frames 1 (in which are the bearings
of the wringing rolls 6, 7), and suitable means for connecting and holding the same
rigidly at a fixed distance apart. In slots or openings 2 made in the upper portions
of these end frames are placed sliding bearing blocks 3, containing the journals of
an upper guide roll 4, and upon the upper sides of which blocks set screws 5 bear.
6, 7, represent the two pressure or wringing rolls, the former of which is made of
metal with a polished surface and is journaled in fixed bearings in the lower
part of the wringer-frame under and parallel with the said guide roll 4, and the
other 7 of which is made of rubber or other elastic material, and is placed between
and parallel with the pressure roll 6 and the guide roll 4, and has journals which
project into vertical slots or guides 8 in the end frames, the elastic roll and the
guide roll 4 being adapted to rise and fall. The roll 7 is made preferably tubular,
and has trunnioned bearing or end plates 7* applied to its ends, see Figure 4. Other
guide rolls 9 are journaled in fixed bearings in the frames 1, one at each side of
the roll 7. When a fabric to be squeezed dry is introduced between the rolls 6 and 7,
the latter is displaced and rises, being compressed against the roll 4. The roll 7
in its effort to expand exerts a powerful pressure on the fabric, which is thoroughly
squeezed as it is passed between the rolls by their rotation. This compression of
the roll 7 is regulated by the set screws'5, which hold the bearings of the roll 4
at any desired point in the slots 2, and prevent it from yielding or rising beyond
the desired point under the pressure of the roll 7. The side guide rolls 9 also
prevent the roll 7 from being displaced laterally. The shafts of the rolls 4, 6,
project beyond one end of the frame, and are provided with cogged wheels 10, 11,
which are connected by an intermediate cogged wheel 12 having bearings at the

page_text: junctions of links 13 and 14, which extend from the shafts of the rolls 4 and 6, and
form elbow connections between the stationary shaft of the roll 6 and the vertically
adjustable shaft of the roll 4, see Figure 2. The shaft of the roll 4 is provided
with a crank S*, and when rotated its motion is imparted to the roll 6, both being
rotated in the same direction and rotating the roll 7 in the opposite direction by
frictional contact. When the roll 4 is raised by the pressure of the roll 7 in
wringing the space between its wheel 10 and the wheel 11 of the roll 6 is increased.
This movement of the roll 4 however causes the elbow connections 13, 14, to more
nearly approximate a straight line than before, and thus bring the intermediate
wheel 12 nearer the vertical plane of the axes of the rolls 4 and 6, causing its teeth to
maintain the same relation to the teeth of the wheels 10 and 11 as they did before
the movement of the roll 4. When the latter descends its wheel 12 returns to its
former position. It will thus be seen that the wheels 10, 11, and 12 cannot become
disconnected, however widely the rolls 6 and 7 may be separated. This arrangement
enables short and stronger teeth to be employed on the wheels, preventing the
breakage which frequently occurs in wringing apparatus employing long toothed
wheels when the latter become separated, so as to engage with each other only at their
points. The frame of this apparatus is also provided with four posts or supports 15,
two being placed on the lower portion of each end frame. Upon one of the posts
of each pair is placed a swivelled bearing plate 16, the face of which may be curved
or otherwise adapted to the inner surface of a washing tub, vessel, or box. The
plates are screwed to the posts by means of perforated lugs 17 formed on their
backs, the lugs being slipped over the posts and held thereon by suitable stops.
Upon the opposite post of each pair is a clamping device, which is intended to bear
against the outer surface of the vessel by which the wringer is supported. Each
clamping device consists of a bar 18 corrugated on its face, parallel guide pins 19
projecting rearward through holes in the post 15 and adapted to slide therein, and
a thumb-screw 20 working through a tapped orifice in the post between the guide
pins, and bearing against the rear of the bar 18.
The improved machine or apparatus more especially adapted for pressing or
mangling is illustrated on the accompanying Drawings in Figures 5 to 12. Figure 5
representing a side elevation, Figures 6 and 7 sections respectively on the lines 3*,
3*, Figure 5, and 4×, 4*, Figure 6, and Figures 8 to 12. represent modifications in
detail.
In this apparatus the pressure rolls a, a¹, (made of metal or other suitable material)
have their bearings in a suitable frame b, the lower roll a being placed in fixed
bearings and the upper roll a¹ in yielding or adjustable blocks c which are preferably
made in two parts adapted to slide in slots d in the frame b, and provided with
devices herein-after .described for depressing the said rolls, and with springs e for
raising the roll when the pressure is removed. One of the pressure rolls (preferably
the lower one) is provided with a coating of vulcanized rubber a² of suitable thick-
ness and which is preferably applied to the roll while soft, and then vulcanized to a
considerable degree of hardness, leaving it slightly elastic, the roll being provided
with dovetail grooves which hold the rubber in place.
The other pressure roll has a smoothly polished metal surface, and may be adapted
to be heated by steam or otherwise if desired. The said springs e which support the
bearing blocks c of the roll a¹ are adapted to raise the same under certain conditions,
as will be presently described. Other springs or elastic blocks el are interposed pre-
ferably between the two parts of the blocks c, which thus permit the roll a¹ to yield
or rise bodily to a slight extent for the purpose of dividing the elasticity, as described
herein-after.
The upper surfaces of the pressure blocks care preferably inclined, sec Figure 7,
and upon these inclined surfaces bear inclines or wedges g on a horizontal wedge
bar adapted to slide in a groove in a crossbar b¹ of the frame b, its wedges being
caused to exert a downward pressure on the blocks c by this motion. The sliding
of the wedge bar'h in the direction of the arrow, Figure 7, causes the depression of
the bearing blocks c and the pressure roll a' against the pressure of the supporting

page_text: springs c.
This motion of the bar h is effected by a cam operated by a lever í,
the cam being pivotted to the crossbar b, and entering a slot or camway h¹ in the
middle of the wedge bar h, and bearing against the end of the slot in such manner
as (when turned on its pivots) to force the said bar in one direction or the other,
according to the direction in which it is turned. The cam is of such width as to
nearly fill the slot or camway h', consequently its edges are always close to the ends
of the slot, and the wedge bar responds readily to every movement of the cam,
which is so formed as to impart a rapid movement to the wedge bar when it is
turned by its lever. Pressure is thus exerted quickly and in the same degree on
each of the sliding blocks of the roll a', and the latter is expeditiously raised and
lowered, and is kept in a position parallel with that of the roll a.
A stationary segmental ratchet is placed on the crossbar 6' in such a position
as to engage with a spring pawl on the lever i, and hold the latter in any desired
position within the arc of its movement, thus enabling different degrees of pressure
to be applied to the roll a¹ and maintained.
This wedge bar and its operating cam may be applied to any mechanism in which
it is desirable to exert pressure simultaneously and in the same degree at two or
more points.
In a small mangle, or whenever a limited movement of the object on which the
pressure is exerted is necessary, the lever i may be rigidly attached to the cam i¹,
as shewn in Figure 7, but when a greater degree of adjustment is desired than can
be conveniently obtained by a single movement of the lever in an arc of moderate
length, the cam and lever may be made in two parts, as shewn in Figures 8 to 11.
In this construction, one of the trunnions of the cam projects beyond the cross-
bar b, and is provided with a ratchet v, which is rigidly affixed thereto. The
lever is pivoted to the trunnion of the cam or otherwise so as to swing
independently of the cam, and is provided with a pawl w which engages with the
teeth of the ratchet v. Another pawl a holds the ratchet vagainst the tension of a
spring y, which tends to force the wedge bar back and release the pressure it exerts
when the ratchet v is released, the said spring being applied in such manner as to
partially rotate the cam or to draw the wedge bar. This construction enables a
series of short vibrations of the lever to effect the desired novement of the wedge
bar by means of the pawl w and the ratchet v, the cam being turned intermittently
until the desired degree of pressure is obtained. To remove the pressure the lever
is swung over against a projection on the pawl x, and throws the latter out of
contact with the ratchet v, releasing the latter and allowing the spring y to throw
back the wedge bar. This arrangement enables the lever to be always within con-
venient distance of the operator, and obviates the necessity of swinging the lever
through long ares or vibrations. The roll a is preferably provided at one end with
a large internal gear wheel 1, which gears with a pinion m on a crank or driving
shaft n.
There is a cogged wheel o on the opposite end of the axis of the roll a,
and a cogged wheel p on the same end of the roll a¹. Two intermediate cogged
wheels q, r, which are journalled on the frame b, and gear with each other, gear
also with the wheels o and p, the four wheels constituting parallel gears, sce
Figure 12, whereby the positive rotation imparted to the roll a by the prime motor
is transmitted in the opposite direction to the roll a', the latter being free to rise
and fall, and its wheel p being entirely free from the wheel o on the axis of the
roll a.
An auxiliary roll's parallel with the rolls a, a¹, is journalled in a frame t
pivotted to the axis of the roll a¹, and provided with a handle t¹ for convenience
of operation, or to the frame of the mangle or otherwise in such manner as to allow
the roll s to be raised and lowered and pressed when lowered against the periphery
of the roll a.
The axis of the roll a¹ is not placed in the same vertical plane as that of the
rolla, but rearward thereof. By this arrangement the upper surface of the roll a is
exposed to a certain extent and the goods to be pressed are enabled to be more
readily presented to the action of both rolls a, a¹. The fabric to be pressed is laid
on the projecting upper surface of the roll a while the roll-s is elevated, after which

page_text: the latter is lowered and pressed upon the fabric. The positive rotation of the roll a
induces the rotation of the roll s which co-operates with it in feeding the fabric
along to the point where it is drawn between the rolls a, a¹. The rolls thus acts
as a feed roll, and at the same time removes all wrinkles or puckering in the fabric
before it is acted on by the rolls a, a, and holds the lower side of the fabric in
contact with a large extent of the area of the roll a, thereby enabling the latter
to have a better ironing or smoothing effect, particularly if it is heated, than if the
rolls were not employed. If desired the rolls a¹ and s may be connected by a
flexible pipe and heated by steam or otherwise.
.
From the foregoing and by reference to the Drawings it will be seen that the
following improvements are effected.
Firstly. A mangle is produced having two pressure rolls, one of which has a slightly
elastic and therefore yielding periphery of vulcanized rubber, while the other has a
hard polished periphery. This construction the inventor has found to produce the
best possible results, the polished roll imparting a gloss to the fabric on one side,
and the vulcanized covering being sufficiently firm to have a good pressing effect
and be kept in good condition on the roll, and at the same time being sufficiently
yielding to prevent the pressure of the rolls a, a', from cutting the fabric when a
crease occurs in the latter, which would take place if there were no elasticity.
Secondly. A two rolled mangle is produced in which one roll has a yielding
periphery, produced by the rubber coating a, and the other a rigid periphery, and
one having bearings which are adapted to rise or yield by means of the springs c¹,
and the other having fixed or unyielding bearings. By this construction the
elasticity may be divided between the yielding bearings and the yielding surface,
which permits the latter to be inade less clastic than if both rolls were in fixed
bearings. The parallelism of the rolls may thus be preserved more perfectly than
could be if the only elasticity was that given by the rubber surfaced roll, as in that
case the rubber surface would necessarily be so elastic as to yield unequally at
different points and become distorted and uneven.
Thirdly. A two-rolled mangle is produced in which the adjustable roll is adapted
to have any desired degree of pressure instantly applied to or removed from its
bearings, and thereby be quickly pressed against the other roll or separated from
the same, an equal degree of pressure being applied to each bearing. This is
accomplished by means of the cam ¹ and lever i, wedges g and wedge bar h, sliding
bearing blocks c, and supporting springs e, the latter acting against the downward
pressure exerted on the bearings of the roll by the wedges, and raising said bearings
as the pressure is removed. The entrance of thick fabrics between the pressure
rolls is thus facilitated by first throwing back the cam lever and relieving the
pressure on the upper roll, which is thrown up by its supporting springs, the rolls
being thus separated. After the fabric has been inserted between the rolls a move-
ment of the cam lever depresses the upper roll to any desired extent, the pressure
being equal in degree and simultaneously exerted on both bearings of the roll, and
maintained by the segmental ratchet j and pawl k.
And, fourthly. The auxiliary roll, as has been before stated, assists the lower
pressure roll in feeding the fabric to the two pressure rolls, smooths out wrinkles in
the fabric, and increases the ironing or smoothing effect of the lower roll by holding
the cloth in contact with a greater extent of its surface.
The frame of the mangle is provided with a spring catch u¹ adapted to auto-
matically engage with the frame t of the roll s and hold the latter in an elevated
position when not in use. If desired the roll s may be provided with yielding
bearings.
Having now described the nature and objects of the said Invention, together
with the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into
practical effect, I would remark in conclusion that I claim as the Invention com-
municated to me by the said William Gustavus Lewis-
Firstly. In a wringing apparatus the combination of two pressure rolls, one com-
posed of metal with a polished surface, and the other composed of an elastic material.

page_text: Secondly. The combination of the polished metal roll 6, the loose clastic roll 7,
and the adjustable guide or bearing roll 4.
Thirdly. The combination of the rolls 6, 7, 4, and 9.
Fourthly. The combination of the wheels 10 and 11 with the intermediate
wheel 12 and jointed connections 13, 14...
•
Fifthly. The swivelled bearing plates 16, combined with the clamping bars 18,
having guide pins 19, and the screw 20, all substantially as described.
Sixthly. In a mangle, the combination of two pressure rolls a, a, one being
. entirely rigid and having a smooth polished periphery, and the other having a rigid
body with a coating a of slightly elastic vulcanized india-rubber, and one having
fixed bearings, and the other automatically yielding bearings which are provided
with springs el.
Seventhly. The solid or continuous wedge bar h, having inclines or wedges g
and slot or camway h, and adapted to slide longitudinally in a suitable way or
guide, combined with the cam i, located in said camway, and adapted to be turned
therein, and thereby impart a longitudinal motion to the wedge bar.
Eighthly. The sliding bearing blocks c of a pressure roll combined with
springs e adapted to support said bearing blocks and exert an upward yielding
pressure thereon, and a wedge bar h adapted to simultaneously depress said bearing
blocks, all substantially as described for the purpose specified.
Ninthly. The combination of the wedge bar h, having inclines or wedges g, the
cam having lever i and pawl, the stationary segmental ratchet j, the sliding
⚫blocks €, the supporting springs e, and the roll a¹.
Tenthly. The cam having the ratchet v combined with the lever i having the
pawl w, the pawl having the projection z, the spring y, and the wedge bar h.
Eleventhly. The combination of the sliding bearing blocks c, elastic blocks or
springs e, and pressure roll with the lower roll a.
Twelfthly. The auxiliary roll s journalled in a pivoted frame t, in combination
with the pressure rolls 11.
Thirteenthly. The combination of the adjustable roll a', sliding bearings c³, sup-
porting springs e, elastic blocks or springs e¹, wedge bar h, and cam with the
frame b and non-adjustable roll a respectively, all arranged and operating sub-
stantially as described and for the purposes specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Bristow Hunt, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Thirteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-six.
BRISTOW HUNT. (L.S.)