Improvements in Door and other Locks.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Dec., 1893
omplete Specification Left, 14th Mar., 1894-Accepted, 14th Apr., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Door and other Locks.
We ALEXANDER JEFFREY and GEORGE WISHART of the Firm of Jeffrey &
Wishart 140 West Nile Street Camera Makers and HUGH GILLIES and FULTON
GILLIES of the Firm of Gillies Brothers 15 Margaret Street Model Makers all
of the County of the City of Glasgow Scotland do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object to improve locks more especially of the kind
known as lever locks in such a manner that the bolt may be actuated either by a
key or by the handles the improvements being also applicable to locks of other
description. The improved lock may be fitted either to the inside or outside of
the door or it may be fitted as a mortice lock.
In carrying out our invention we arrange the mechanism in such a way as to
allow of the bolt being used either as a locking bolt or a latch also so as to admit
of its being actuated either by a handle on one or both sides and with a key either
from one or both sides. When the bolt is in its unlocked position it is held by
means of a spring lever centered near its middle the inner end of which lever acts
in a notch formed in the top of the bolt. The other end of the spring lever projects
outwards through the lock casing and in closing the door strikes against the boss
head or striking plate fixed to the door frame thereby by releasing the bolt and
allowing it to be shot which it does by means of a blade or other spring placed
behind it.
The bolt has working with it in addition to the ordinary levers a special lever
which is so constructed that it admits of the bolt having a slight additional inward
movement for the purpose of allowing the handles to be thrown out of gear or out
of contact with the levers. This special lever is further provided with an arm
which projects out through the casing of the lock so as to admit of the lever being
lifted by hand when the door is open the lever having a self locking device attached
to it which prevents it being tampered with when the door is closed. The special
lever has a suitably shaped slot formed in it in which a pin fast on the bolt works
for the purpose of limiting the travel of the bolt. Provision is also made for pinning
A cam or
up the levers to permit of the bolt being used as an ordinary latch.
tumbler fixed on one of the handle spindles is provided for lifting the levers and
the tumbler is returned to its working position after the lock has been acted on by
the key by means of a spring. The other handle is made to act by a cam or
tumbler on its spindle on the bolt only. Our improvements can also be applied
to locks of the double locking type as well as to those of the single locking. The
locking can be done by pressing up the projecting arm on the special lever and
turning the handles out of gear, that is to say by turning the handles round so that
the tumbler comes out of contact, no key being required.
In the case of small locks when it would be inconvenient to place two separate
handles the tumbler of the handle which actuates the levers is lengthened and made
tubular and has a spindle passing through to which a second handle can be fixed
and made to work in conjunction with the other or it can be released by with-
drawing a pin passed through the spindle and handle provided for the purpose.

page_text: Doors furnished with our improved locks are prevented from damage by
slamming owing to the bolt or latch not being shot until the door is quite
closed.
Dated this 14th day of December 1902
ALEX. JEFFREY.
GEO. WISHART.
HUGH GILLIES.
FULTON GILLIES.
We, ALEXANDER JEFFREY, and GEORGE WISHART, of the Firm of Jeffrey
and Wishart, 140 West Nile Street, Camera Makers, and HUGH GILLIES and
FULTON GILLIES of the Firm of Gillies Brethers, 15 Margaret Street, Model
Makers, all of the County of the City of Glasgow, Scotland, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is
to say:
This invention has for its object to construct door and other locks in an improved
manner so that the bolt may be used either as a locking bolt or as a latch, and be
capable of being actuated by a handle on one or both sides, and by a key from one
or both sides of the door, such improvements being especially applicable to locks of
the kind known as tumbler or lever locks. The improved locks may be fitted to
either side of the door or they may be fitted as mortise locks.
.
In carrying out our invention we have the bolt, when in its unlocked position,
held by means of a spring-actuated lever, centered near its middle, and having its
inner end engaging in a notch formed in the top of the bolt. The outer end of the
spring-actuated lever projects through the box or lock casing, and, when the door
is being closed, it encounters a projection on the striking plate and, being depressed
by it, releases the bolt and allows it to be shot by means of a spring.
The bolt has working with it, in addition to the ordinary tumblers, or levers, a
special tumbler, which is constructed so as to admit of the bolt having a slight
additional inward movement to allow the handles to be thrown out of gear or out
of contact with the tumblers. This special tumbler is further provided with an
arm which projects out through the box of the lock so as to admit of the tumbler
being lifted by band when the door is open, the tumbler having a self-locking
device attached to it, which prevents it from being tampered with when the door is
closed. The special tumbler has a suitably shaped slot formed in it, in which a
stump on the bolt works. Provision is also made for pinning up the tumblers to
permit of the bolt being used as an ordinary latch. A can-piece (erroneously
termed "tumbler" in our Provisional Specification) fixed on a handle spindle, is
provided for lifting the tumblers, and the handle and cam-piece are turned back
by means of a spring. Another handle is provided and acts, by a cam-piece on its
spindle, on the bolt only. Our improvements can also be applied to locks of the
double-locking type as well as to those of the single-locking type. The locking
can be done by pressing up the projecting arm on the special tuinbler, and turning
the handles out of gear that is to say by turning the handles round so that the
cam-piece comes out of contact, no key being required.
In the case of small locks, where it would be inconvenient to use two handles on
separate spindles, the cam-piece on the handle which actuates the tumblers is
lengthened and made tubular, and has a spindle passing through it, to which a
second handle can be fixed, and be made to work in conjunction with the other, or
it can be released by withdrawing a pin passed through the spindle and handle.

page_text: Doors furnished with our improved locks are prevented from
laming owing to the bolt or latch not being shot until the door is quite closed.
And in order that our said invention and the manner of performing the same may
e properly understood, we hereunto append a sheet of explanatory drawings to be
ereinafter referred to, and showing locks as made with our improvements.
Figure, 1, of the drawings is a plan of one modification of our improved lock with-
the door to which it is fixed in section. Figure, 2, is a sectional elevation of the
same with the striking plate, the box cover, and three tumblers removed. Figure, 3,..
is another sectional elevation with only the box cover removed, and Figure, 4, is an
elevation as at right angles to Figure, 3. Figure, 5, is a transverse sectional
elevation of a second modification of our improved. lock. In these drawings
the same reference letters and numerals are used to mark the same or like parts
wherever they are repeated."
In the modification shown in Figures, 1, 2, 3, and, 4, the bolt, A, is guided in its
travel by a square guide pin or stud, A 1, fast in the box, B, of the lock, and
working in a slot, A 2, formed in the bolt, this stud being made with a circular upper-
part which acts as a centre for the tumblers, C, and, C 1. The bolt, A, is further-
guided by guide pieces, B 1, at the usual opening in the end of the box, B. When
the bolt, A, is in its unlocked position (Figure, 2) it is held by a lever, D, centered
The lever, D, has its
on a stud, D 1, and actuated by a strong blade spring, D 2.
inner end acting on an inclined face, A 3, on the top of the bolt, A, in a manner to
insure the bolt being brought quite home, when being unlocked. The outer end of
the lever, D, projects through the box, B, and when the door, E, is being closed, it
encounters (as shown in Figure, 4) a bevilled projection, F, on the striking plate, F 1,
on the door frame, E 1, which depresses it and allows the bolt, A, to be shot by a
spring, G, acting between the inner end of the bolt and the end of the box.
The bolt, A, has notches cut in it, (shown by the dotted lines, A 5) for the-
purpose
of being actuated by the handles, H, and, J, and the key, the latter turning
in the hole, K. Four tumblers, C, and, C 1, are provided, of which, three, C 1, are
of a common type and similar, whilst the fourth, C, is specially formed and is fitted
with a spring, C2, to assist its action. The tumblers, C, and, C 1, are cut away at
the parts, C3, to fit the key, and at parts, C 4, to fit a cam-piece, J 1, on the
handle, J. The tumblers, C1, are made with slots, L, (Figure, 3) which are
similar, and in which the stump, M, fast on the bolt, A, works. The tumbler, C,.
5 is also made with a slot, N, in which the stump, M, works. The tumbler, C, is made
with an arm, P, projecting through a slot in the bottom of the box, B, by which the
tumbler can be raised to allow of the bolt, A, clearing the limiting part, Q, and being
moved inwards a short distance beyond its usual travel. The handle, J, and cam-
piece, J 1, are einployed to lift the tumblers, C, and, C 1, so as to clear the stump, M,.
10 and then to unlock the bolt, A, in a usual manner and the cam-piece, J 1, is brought
back to its original position by a volute spring, J 2, a stop, J3, being provided to-
limit its movement. The tumblers return down by their own weight, or by the
action of springs (not shown) if required. If it is wished to render the handle, J,.
inoperative it is turned so as to move the bolt, A, inwards the short extra distance,
45 as hereinbefore mentioned, and to clear the bolt, which is thereupon moved outwards.
again by the spring, G, so as to imprison the cam-piece, J 1, in the position shown
in Figure, 3. The handle, H, is shown as arranged to actuate the bolt, A, only.
When it is desired to work the lock as a latch a pin, R, is inserted through the
hole, S, and through like holes in the tumblers, C, in order to fix them in their
50 elevated positions, and there is a narrow slot, A 4, in the bolt, A, for the pin, R,
to pass through and this pin can also be inserted in a hole, T, to pin the bolt, 'A, in
its unlocked position.
In the modification shown in Figure, 5, the bandle, J, is fixed directly to the cam-
piece, J 1, which is extended to the outside of the box, B. The cam-piece, J 1, is
55 tubular, and the spindle, V, to which the handle, H, is fixed, is circular and passes
through it, and may be either worked separately from the cam-piece or in conjunction
with it on withdrawing or inserting a pin, R 1.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
olaim is :
1. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the improved lock
substantially as hereinbefore described and as shown in Figures, 1, to, 4, of the
accompanying drawings.
2. The improved lock modified as hereinbefore described with reference to
Figure, 5, of the accompanying drawings.
3. The application of the special tumbler or lever (C 1) movable by means of an
arm extending through a slot in the casing of the lock substantially as and for the
purposes hereinbefore described.
4. The construction of the parts which allow of the cam-piece on the handle
spindle being turned over into a disenabling position so that unlocking can be
effected by the key only substantially as hereinbefore described.
Dated this Thirteenth day of March 1894.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicants' Agent.