Improvements in the Manufacture of Bottles and in Seals therefor, and in Apparatus applicable for use in such Manufacture.
Year: 1898

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Bottles and in Seals therefor,
and in Apparatus applicable for use in such Manufacture.
I, RICHARD GRAINGER NASH, of Finnstown House, Lucan, near Dublin, Ireland,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of bottles and to seals or caps therefor;
and consists first in an improved construction of seal or cap, and means for producing
the same; and, secondly, in the construction of the bottle neck for use with such seal
or cap and in the tools for forming the same.
According to the first part of my invention, the seal or cap is formed of sheet
The inner surface
metal with a concavity or depression in the top part or crown.
of the dependent flange is provided with projections in the form of segments of
screw-threads. The interior of the crown is furnished with a thin cork washer or
covering which readily conforms to the convexity of the inner side of the crown; the
cork disc being sufficiently large to overlap the lip of the bottle when the cap is in
use.
The convex inner side of the crown affords a larger surface for the cork covering
and ensures the complete closure of the bottle's mouth, escape of gas being
prevented.
A suitable lining may be placed between the cork and metal cap as a preventive
to the liquid gaining access to the cap in the event of a flaw occurring in the
cork covering.
In the production of the cap, I prefer to form the same by stamping with the aid
of discs; the matrix or bottom die forming the outer side of the cap while the top
die or plunger adapted to give the desired conformation to the interior of the
cap; the projections therein being formed during the process of stamping or being
applied subsequently. For freeing the cap from the matrix, the base r floor of the
latter may be made moveable.
According to the second part of my invention, the bottle neck is formed with a
rounded lip whereby a good joint is secured with the cork covering and risk of injury
The exterior of the bottle neck is provided with spiral
to the latter is lessened.
grooves and projections which may assume the form of fragments of a multiple or
three-threaded screw, whereof the pitch corresponds with the projections in the
interior of the seal or cap. By forming the grooves as described, the cap may be
applied and secured from various points of the circumference of the bottle neck
instead of from only one point. If desired a metal ring furnished with radial studs
may be secured to the bottle neck; a groove being provided in the latter for the
5 reception of the said ring.
In forming the necks of bottles as above described, I employ a pair of spring tongs
whereof one arm carries a revolving sleeve or collar furnished with the required
fragmentary screw-threads and with a toothed pinion. The other arm carries a plate
which serves to steady the bottle neck while the grooves or threads are being formed
O thereon; a central pin or mandrel, furnished with a toothed pinion, being provided
for supporting the bottle. Upon the mandrel being inserted in the bottle and the

page_text: tongs gripped, the pinions mesh together. If motion now be imparted to the outer
pinion, the central pinion will be caused to revolve in the opposite direction;
whereupon, the bottle neck revolves against the face of the revolving sleeve or
former" and receives the required impression; it being understood that the bottle
neck had previously been rendered in a condition for being operated on by the
forming-tool.
.:.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Bottles and in Seals therefor,
and in Apparatus applicable for use in such Manufacture..
I, RICHARD GRAINGER NASH, of Finnstown House, Lucan, near Dublin, Ireland,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
saine is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the.
following statement:
'
This invention relates to the manufacture of bottles and to seals or caps therefor;
and consists first in an improved construction of seal or cap, and means for producing
the same; and, secondly, in the construction of the bottle-neck for use with such
seal or cap and in the tools for forming the same.
In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is an elevation, Fig. 2 a transverse section
and Fig. 3 a plan of my improved cap for use in closing the mouths of bottles.
Fig. 4 is an elevation of the bottle-neck constructed for receiving the cap., Fig. 5 is
an elevation showing the cap applied. Fig. 6 is a plan corresponding with Fig. 4.
Fig. 7'is an ‘elevation and 'Fig. 8 a plan of the tongs or tools for formning the bottle-
neck. Fig. 9 is an end view of the tongs in their closed position; the bottle-neck
being removed to expose the mandrel.
According to the first part of my invention, the seal or cap a is formed of sheet
metal with a concavity or depression b in the top part or crown. The inner surface
of the dependent flange is provided with projections c c c in the form of segments of
screw-threads, preferably three: The interior of the crown is furnished with a thin
cork washer or covering d which readily conforms to the convexity of the inner side
of the crown; the cork disc d being sufficiently large to overlap the lip of the bottle
when the cap is in use. The pitch of the threads will vary according to circum-
stances; but for bottles containing liquids under pressure, such as aërated waters,
the form of cap illustrated has been found to give good results.
The convex inner side of the crown affords a larger surface for the cork covering and
ensures the complete closure of the bottle's mouth, escape of gas being prevented..
A suitable lining may be placed between the cork and metal cap as a preventive to
the liquid gaining access to the cap in the event of a flaw occurring in the cork
covering.
According to the second part of my invention, the bottle-neck is formed with a
rounded lip whereby a good joint is secured with the cork covering d of the cap, and
risk of injury to the cork is lessened. The exterior of the bottle-neck is provided
with spiral grooves c¹ cl c', which may assume the form of fragments of a multiple or
three-threaded screw, whereof the pitch corresponds with the projections in the interior
of the seal or cap a.
If desired a metal ring furnished with radial studs may be

page_text: secured to the bottle-neck; a groove being provided in the latter for the reception of
the said ring.
In forming the necks of bottles as above described, I employ a pair of spring tongs
whereof one arm C³ carries a revolving sleeve or collar I) furnished with the required
fragmentary screw-threads D° and with a toothed pinion D¹. The other arm C² carries
a gripping plate E which serves to steady the bottle-neck while the grooves or threads
are being formed thereon; a central pin or mandrel F, furnished with a toothed
pinion F, being provided for supporting the bottle. The base f of the mandrel is
preferably made rigid with the stationary plate fl; the object being to preserve the
surface of the lip of the bottle in a smooth condition, which does not result when
these parts rotate with the mandrel. Upon the mandrel F being inserted in the
bottle-neck and the arms C¹ C² of the tongs gripped, the pinions D¹ and F¹ mesh
together. If the bottle be now rolled upon a bottler's chair or other surface motion
will be imparted to the central pinion F1, the latter effecting the rotation of the
outer pinion D¹ with the result that the bottle-neck is caused to revolve against the
face of the revolving sleeve or "former" D and thereby receives the required
impression from the raised threads D°; it being understood that the bottle-neck had
previously been rendered in a condition for being operated upon by the forming tool.
In order to keep the "former" up to its work of making the spiral grooves in the
bottle-neck, I provide the tail F2 of the mandrel with a clip G same being arranged
to engage the arm C¹ of the tongs. The clip is released by means of the spring
arm G¹. As is known, the swelled portion on the neck of the bottle is formed by
applying a layer of glass in a plastic state, and, with a view to preserving the lower
edge of this layer in an even condition, I provide on one or on each side of the
mandrel F a projection or ledge D2, D2, these ledges engaging the metal forming the
bottle-head and preventing its being forced along the neck of the bottle.
By forming the threads in the cap and on the bottle-neck as herein described, the
cap may be applied and secured from various points of the circumference of the
bottle-neck instead of from only one point.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same to be performed, I claim :-
1. The manufacture of bottles and seals therefor substantially as described with
reference to the accompanying drawings.
2. For employment in the sealing of bottles, a thin metal cap whereof the crown
is concave on the exterior and convex in the interior, the latter being furnished with
a cork washer, and whose depending flange is formed with internal spiral projections
in the form of fragments of three screw-threads, whereby same may be applied to a
correspondingly formed bottle-neck at various points of the circumference, substan-
tially as set forth.
3. In sealing or closing the mouths of bottles, the employment of a metal cap
having internal spiral projections in the form of segments of three screw-threads and
a depression in its crown in conjunction with a bottle-neck formed with corresponding
spiral grooves and a rounded lip; the interior of the cap being furnished with a cork
washer and lining, whereby a gas- and liquid-tight closure is effected with the lip of
the bottle, substantially as described.
4. In forming bottle-necks as herein described, the employment of spring tongs
constructed or operating substantially as described.
Dated this 26th day of January 1899.