IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING MACHINERY
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David Payne, of the Firm of Dawson, Payne, and
Company, of Otley, in the County of York, Machinists and Engineers,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING MACHINERY."
Sealed the 6th October 1865, and dated the 11th April 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Payne at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th April
1865.
J. 4
I, DAVID PAYNE, of the Firm of Dawson, Payne, and Company; of Otley,
the
in the County of York, Machinists and Engineers, do hereby declare;
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING MACHINERY," to be
as follows:-
This Invention consists, firstly, in an improved mode or means of obtaining
a longer traverse of the reciprocating table without increasing the throw of
the ordinary crank of the driving wheel, or increasing the dimensions of the
machine. For this purpose I make the travelling wheel or wheels, by which
the table is traversed, of such diameter that one-half revolution thereof alter-
nately in different directions for one revolution of the ordinary crank wheel
shall give the required to-and-fro traverse of the table, and instead of connecting
the said ordinary crank to the axis of the travelling wheel or wheels, I connect
it when one travelling wheel is used to a crank, pin, or stud-fixed eccentrically
in the side of the wheel, or when two wheels are used the stud may be fixed
into both wheels, thus forming a crank; and in either case I make the cop-
Price 8d.1

page_text: necting rod of such length that when the ordinary crank is at the front
centre, the other crank (on the travelling wheel) shall be at its back centre,
and vice versa. The combined throws of the two cranks are equal to the
semicircumference of the travelling wheel or wheels, and therefore cannot
cause more than half a revolution thereof, and as the ordinary crank is moving
from the front to the back centre, the second crank is moving from the back
to the front centre, and so on for the other positions of the stroke, and as at
the commencement of the traverse the second crank is at the back centre, and
at the termination of the traverse at the front centre, it follows that the dis-
tance between these two positions of that crank must be so much less than
the distance of the positions of the axis of the wheels as the throw of the said
crank, and thus I am enabled to obtain a traverse equal to the combined
throws of the two cranks without increasing the throw of the ordinary crank.
This Invention consists, secondly, in improved means of giving a uniform or
even supply of ink or other colouring matter to the type or block. For this
purpose I employ instead of the ordinary distributing table a carrying-roller,
and place the distributing and inking or colouring rollers in contact with it,
and I make the said carrying roller of sufficient circumference that with part
circumference of one inking roller will equal the type or blocksurface required
to be inked or coloured, and I also give an endwise motion to this roller.
And, thirdly, in an improved mode or means of gripping and holding the
papers to be printed on cylinder machines without requiring the feed boards
to move up and down. For each feed board I employ a pair of grippers, which
are opened and closed at the proper time, for seizing the paper and placing it
on the cylinder to be printed, and afterwards opened to release the paper, the
said grippers being worked by ordinary cams or tappets.
'
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said David Payne in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 11th
October 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, DAVID
PAYNE, of the Firm of Dawson, Payne, and Company, of Otley, in the County
of York, Machinists and Engineers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her

page_text: reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said David Payne, Her special licence that I, the said David Payne,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said David
Payne, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PRINTING MACHINERY," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
David Payne, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said David Payne, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, and accompanying two Sheets of Drawings (that is to say):-
This Invention consists, firstly, in an improved mode or means of obtaining
a longer traverse of the reciprocating table without increasing the throw of
the ordinary crank of the driving wheel, or increasing the dimensions of the
machine. For this purpose I make the travelling wheel or wheels (by which
the table is traversed) of such diameter that one-half a revolution thereof
alternatelyin different directions for one revolution of the ordinary crank wheel
shall give the required to-and-fro traverse of the table, and instead of con-
necting the said ordinary crank to the axis of the travelling wheel or wheels.
I connect it when one travelling wheel is used to a crank pin or stud fixed
eccentrically in the side of the wheel; or when two wheels are used the stud
will be fixed into both wheels, thus forming a crank, and in either case I
make the connecting rod of such length that when the ordinary crank is at
the front centre, the other crank (on the travelling wheel) shall be at its
back centre, and vice versa. The combined throws of the two cranks are
equal to the semicircumference of the travelling wheel or wheels, and there-
fore cannot cause more than half a revolution thereof, and as the ordinary
crank is moving from the front to the back centre, the second crank is moving
from the back to the front centre, and so on for the other positions of the
stroke, and as at the commencement of the traverse the second crank is at the
back centre, and at the termination of the traverse at the front centre it

page_text: follows that the distance between these two positions of that crank must be so
much less than the distance of the positions of the axis of the wheels as the
throw of the said crank, and thus I am enabled to obtain a traverse equal to
the combined throws of the two cranks without increasing the throw of the
ordinary crank.
This Invention consists, secondly, in improved means of giving a uniform or
even supply of ink or other colouring matter to the type or block. For
this purpose I employ instead of the ordinary distributing table a carrying
roller, and place the distributing and inking, or colouring rollers in contact
with it, and I make the said carrying roller of sufficient circumference that
with part circumference of one inking roller it will equal the type or block
surface required to be inked or coloured, and I also give an endwise motion
to this roller.
And, thirdly, in an improved mode or means of gripping and holding the
papers to be printed on cylinder machines without requiring the feed boards
to move up and down. For each feed board I employ a pair of grippers,
which are opened and closed at the proper time for seizing the paper and
placing it on the cylinder to be printed, and afterwards opened to release the
paper, the said grippers being worked by ordinary cams or tappets.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1, Sheet I., is a side elevation of a machine constructed and arranged
according to this Invention. A is the travelling wheel, or rather wheels,' as in
this case two are employed, which are connected by a shaft a fixed therein
eccentrically to the axis or centres of the wheels, thus forming a crank to
which the connecting rod B is attached at one end, the other end being
attached to the ordinary crank c of the driving wheel C. The travelling
wheels run on the rack rails D (which are fixed to the framing as usual), and
work in the racks E, which are fixed to or cast on the reciprocatory table in
the usual manner; F are the rollers on which the table reciprocates, to the
frame of which are rods G, connected to studs fixed at the centres outside of
the travelling wheels, by which the said rollers are at all times maintained in
true position.
of
Fig. 2 is a diagram for illustrating the principle of action of the first part
my Invention. A is the pitch line of the travelling wheels; B is the centre
line of the connecting rod; C, the line of travel of the ordinary crank; D, the
pitch line of the rack rails; E, the pitch line of the racks attached to the
table; F, the line of centres of the rollers; and G, the centre line of con-
necting rod to the travelling wheels; H and I shew the extreme positions of

page_text: the travelling wheels when the ordinary crank is at the front and back centres;
J shews the altered position of the crank at each end of the stroke from that
of the middle stroke, and the line K shews the course of the centre of the
said stud during the stroke. By aid of the Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, marked on the
wheels A, and the same Figures marked on the dotted circles Hand I,shewing
the altered positions of the said wheels, the action thereof will be readily
understood that by the time the ordinary crank on the driving wheel hasmoved
from 1 to 2, or to the back position of the crank,the travelling wheels will be
in the position shewu by the dotted lines I, and Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, with the
crank J in front, and when the said ordinary crank has moved forward to and
arrived at the front position, figured 4, the travelling wheels will be in the
position shewn by the dotted lines H, and the figures marked thereon 1,2,3,
4, with the crank to the back, and also it will be seen that the table will have
travelled at each stroke, or one-half revolution of the driving wheel from
N to O, and at the next stroke or half revolution of the driving wheel will
have travelled back from O to N, which is a distance equal to the combined
throws of the two cranks at each stroke, and thus obtaining an increased
distance of traverse or extent of motion on the reciprocatory table without
increasing the size of the driving wheel or the throw of the ordinary crank.
By this improvement a slow movement is obtained at each end of the stroke,
or at the return of the table, and an accelerated movement in the middle of
the stroke, thus avoiding the necessity of using springs or other kinds of buffers.
Fig. 3, Sheet II., is an end elevation of the inking apparatus which forms
the second part of this Invention. H is the carrying roller; I are the dis-
tributing rollers; J is the duck or transferring roller, which has an oscil-
latory motion given to it by an adjustable crank arm and rod K, so as to
transfer the ink to the carrying roller from the supply roller L, which is
supplied from the trough M, the ink is delivered from the carriers H to
an inking roller N, thence transferred by a rider O to the second inking
roller P, which two rollers applies it to the type surface Q; the roller R is
for regulating the ink on the type surface. This apparatus is shewn in
Fig. J, Sheet I., applied at each end of the machine, where also are fork
levers S attached to cranks T, fixed on a shaft U, by the rotation of which
endwise motion is given to the carrier rollers. Back ward and forward rotary
motion is given to these carrier rollers by gear wheels or straps operated by
the reciprocatory motion of the table. The connecting rods K are actuated
by cam grooves or tappet plates V, which have an intermittent rotary motion
imparted to them by means of catches attached to bell-crank levers W fixed
on a shaft, which has a rocking motion produced by means of an eccentric Y

page_text: fixed on the driving shaft, and operating on a combination of levers and rods Z.
The lever W also gives intermittent rotary motion to the ink supply roller by
means of rod and chain W' actuating a catch box attached thereto.
Fig. 4, Sheet II., is an end elevation, drawn full size, of a cylinder, with its
grippersand levers for holding the papers to be printed,constructedandarranged
according to my Invention. A is the cylinder, and B is the stand on which it
is supported; C is the feed board, and D is the gauge bar, which is mounted
on pivots & so as to move into the position shewn by the dotted lines when
required; E are a series of the grippers, which are fixed on a shaft F, to
which is also fixed or forged thereon a lever G, carrying a friction roller g,
which is operated by an incline H as the cylinder rotates, giving motion to
the grippers E for opening and closing; I are another series of grippers,
which are fixed on a long boss, to which is fixed a lever J carrying a friction
pulley K, which is actuated by a moveable incline L, riding on a stud / fixed
in the stand. This incline and the gauge bar are held in the position shewn
by means of a vertical slide bar M, which is operated by a cam fixed on the
driving shaft through a combination of levers and rods N,O. When this slide
bar is lowered into the position shewn by the dotted lines the incline and
gauge bar arealso lowered into the position shewn by the dotted lines, whereby
the grippers E being unsupported, and being acted on by means of springs
are caused to close against the grippersI,thus seizing and holding the paperP,
which is laid on the feed table. Then as the cylinder rotates, drawing the
paper with it, the lever G (which is pressed outwardly by springs) leaves the
incline H, and presses the grippers against the cylinder, and when the vertical
bar lowers the grippers are opened.
In witness, whereof, I, the said David Payne, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Ninth day of October, One thousand eight hundred
and sixto five
DAVID PAYNE. (L.S.)