An Improved Arrangement of Automatic Electric Switch and Out Out for use in Charging Secondary Cells, and for similar purposes.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Sept., 1991
Complete Specification Loft, 44th June, 1902 Accepted, 16th July, 1902
.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Arrangement of Automatic Electric Switch and
Out Out for use in Charging Secondary Cells, and for
similar purposes.
I, OCTAVIUS MARCH of 70 Sinclair Road, Kensington, W. Electrical
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to he as follows:-
:-
My invention consists of a new and improved form of automatic electric switch
and cut-out, for use in charging secondary cells and for other similar purposes.
The following is the method I adopt in constructing the same, and in connecting
up the various parts thereof one with another, and to the circuit in which it is to
be applied.
The apparatus consists of two or more solenoids preferably inverted. In the
case of two solenoids only being used, one is wound with wire of a capacity suitable
for carrying the main current, and is termed the series coil, the other is wound
with fine wire having a sufficient resistance to enable it to be placed in shunt acros,
the dynamo terminals, and is termed the shunt coil.
•
Each solenoid operates upon a suitable core attached to a rocking arm, such.
rocking arms carry suitable bridge pieces for making the necessary contacts, on
dipping into suitable mercury cups.
In plan the arrangement would be as shown in Figure 1, and in elevation, as in
Figure 2.
The same letters are used for similar parts both in Figure 1 and Figure 2.
A, B, are the two mercury cups, for carrying the main current, H¹ and H, are
the main current bridging pieces. The rocking arms R', and R are pivotted at E
and E, and are connected to their respective solenoid cores M' and M, by suitable
links at the points F1 and F.
The solenoids being immediately over the points F' and F, are not shown in
Figure 1; and, the terminals T¹, T, and t are not shown in Figure 2.
The mercury cups C and D, and the bridge piece are for closing the circuit of
the shunt coil with the dynamo.
The terminals of the apparatus are T', T and t.
The inverted solenoids are seen in Figure 2, S' and S, and are carried by suitable
frame-work attached to the base of the apparatus.
The bridge piece is insulated from the rocking arm R, and both rocking arms
are insulated from their respective solenoid cores.
The base plate is made of some suitable nonconducting material, and the mercury
cups of some suitable metal.
The various parts are connected together as follows, the terminal T is connected
with the mercury cup A. The mercury cup B is connected with one end of the
winding of the series coil S, the other end of such winding is connected with the
terminal T'.
The small mercury cup C is connected with the large one A, the cup D with one
end of the winding of the shunt coil S¹, the other end of such winding, being con-
nected to the terminal t.
The main conductor from one of the terminals of the dynamo is connected to
terminal T, and the corresponding pole of the cells to T', the other pole of the
cells being connected direct to the other dynamo terminal. The terminal t, is
connected direct to the opposite pole of the dynamo to that connected to
terminal T.
The action of the apparatus will then be as follows. In its normal condition, the

page_text: bridge pieces H¹ and H, are out of the mercury cups A and B, and to main circuit
consequently open, the shunt circuit however is closed by the small bridge piece h,
resting in the cups C and D.
•
When the speed of the dynamo gives the requisite potential, the shunt coil S¹
lifts its core and dips the bridge piece H' into the mercury cups A and B, thus
closing the main circuit through the series coil S, this coil then lifts its core and
dips the bridge piece H into the caps A and B, at the same time withdrawing the
bridge piece from the small cups c and d and breaking the circuit of shunt
coil S¹, whereby the rocking arin R' is released and returns to its normal
position.
"
When the engine slows, or any accident happens to the driving machinery, the
series coil S ceases to hold down its bridge piece H so soon as little or no current
passes. The apparatus is then in a position to again close the circuit so soon as
the dynamo once more acquires a sufficient potential.
The rocking arm R' is weighted at W' so that the shunt coil only lifts its core
when the required potential is obtained. The rocking arm R is weighted at W Ho
as to he nearly in equilibrium but with the bridge piece H up when no current is
passing through the series coil S.
Except for small currents, I prefer to make the coils double: as, in addition
to their being more conveniently wound, a larger range can be obtained without
alteration to the winding; either pair of coils being readily connected either in
parallel or series, as may be required, to suit the current and potential to be
dealt with. For instance an instrument constructed to carry a current of
50 ampéres and to close the circuit at a pressure of 120 volts, can readily be
used, for a current of 10 ampéres to close the circuit at 20 volts, and is adjustable.
for any potential and current between such limits.
Dated this 8th day of September 1991.
JAMES
STEVENSON,
Gray's Inn Chambers, 20, High Holborn, W.C., Agent for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Arrangement of Automatic Electric Switch and
Cut Out for use in Charging Secondary Cells, and for
similar purposes.
I, OCTAVIUS MARCH of 70 Sinclair Road, Kensington, W. Electrical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
-
My invention consists of a new and improved form of automatic electric
switch and cut-out, for use in charging secondary cells and for other similar
purposes.
The following is the method I adopt in constructing the same and in con-
necting up the various parts thereof one with another, and to the circuit in which
it is to be applied.
The apparatus consists of two or more solenoids preferably inverted. In the
case of two solenoids only being used, one is wound with wire of a capacity
suitable for carrying the main current, and is termed the series coil, the other
is wound with fine wire having a sufficient resistance to enable it to be placed
in shunt across the dynamo terminals, and is termed the shunt coil.
Each solenoid operates upon a suitable core attached to a rocking arm, such
rocking arms carry suitable bridge pieces for making the necessary contacts, on
dipping into suitable mercury cups.
In plan the arrangement would be as shown in Figure 1, and, in elevation as
shown in Figure 2 of the drawings filed with the Provisional Specification of any

page_text: said invention. The same letters of reference being employed therein to denote
similar parts of the device according to my invention.
A, B, are the two mercury cups, for carrying the main current; H₁ and H are
the main current bridging pieces. The rocking arms R¹ and R are pivotted at E'
and E and are connected to their respective solenoid cores M¹ and M by suitable
links at the points F and F.
The solenoids being immediately over the points F' and F, are not shown in
Figure 1; and, the terminals T₁, T, and are not shown in Figure 2.
The mercury cups C and D, and the bridge piece h are employed for closing the
circuit of the shunt coil with the dynamo.
The terminals of the apparatus are T¹ T and t.
The inverted solenoids are seen in Figure 2, S' and S, and are carried by suitable
framework attached to the base of the apparatus.
The bridge piece h is insulated from the rocking arm R, and both rocking arms
are insulated from their respective solenoid cores.
The base plate is made of some suitable non-conducting material, and the mercury
cups of any suitable metal.
The various parts are connected together as follows; the terminal T is connected
with the rcury cup A. The mercury cup B is connected with one end of the
winding the series coil S, the other end of such winding is connected with the
terminal T¹.
The small mercury cup C is connected with the large one A, the cup D with one
end of the winding of the shunt coil S¹, the other end of such winding, being con-
nected to the terminal t.
The main conductor from one of the terminals of the dynamo is connected to
terminal T and the corresponding pole of the cells to T, the other pole of the
cells being connected direct to the other dynamo terminal. The terminal t, is
connected direct to the opposite pole of the dynamo to that connected to
terminal T.
The action of the above described apparatus will then be as follows. In its
normal condition the bridge pieces Hand H, are out of the mercury cups A and B,
and, to main circuit, consequently open; the shunt circuit however is closed by the
small bridge piece à resting on the cups C and D.
When the speed of the dynamo gives the requisite potential; the shunt coil S¹
lifts its core and dips the bridge piece H¹ into the mercury cups A and B, thus
closing the main circuit through the series coil S, this coil then lifts its core
and dips the bridge piece H into the cups A and B, at the same time with-
drawing the bridge piece from the small cups c and d and breaking the circuit
of shunt coil S³, whereby the rocking arm R' is released and returns to its normal
position.
When the engine slows, or any accident happens to the driving machinery, the
series coil S ceases to hold down its bridge piece H so soon as little or no current
passes. The apparatus is then in a position to again close the circuit so soon as
the dynamo once more acquires a sufficient potential.
The rocking arm R' is weighted at W₁ so that the shunt coil only lifts its core
when the required potential is obtained. The rocking arm R is weighted at W so
as to be nearly in equilibrium, but with the bridge piece H up, when no current is
passing through the series coil S.
Except for small currents, I prefer to make the coils double; as, in addition to
their being more conveniently wound, a larger range can be obtained without
alteration to the winding; either pair of coils being readily connected either in
parallel or in series, as may be required, to suit the current and potential
to be dealt with. For instance an instrument constructed to carry a current of
50 ampères and to close the circuit at a pressure of 120 volts, can readily be used,
for a current of 10 ampères to close the circuit of 20 volts, and is adjustable for
any potential and current between such limits,

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The improved arrangement of automatic electric switch and cut out for use in
charging secondary cells, and for similar purposes; when it is required to close or
interrupt circuits under any desired variation of current or potential; constructed
and arranged substantially in the manner described.
Dated this 14th day of June 1892.
JAMES STEVENSON,
Gray's Inn Chambers, 20, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agent for Applicant.