IMPROVEMENTS IN STEERING APPARATUS
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Jarman, of Poplar, London, Pattern
Maker, and John Salter, of Limehouse, London, Engineer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEERING APPARATUS.”
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Jarman and
John Salter at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 5th December 1870.
We, HENRY JARMAN, of Poplar, London, Pattern Maker, and JOHN
SALTER, of Limehouse, London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEERING APPARATUS," to be
as follows:-
This Invention relates to apparatus for steering vessels, and consists
in the following:-
:
According to one mode of carrying out our Invention we fix to the
rudder head a socket, by preference of cast iron; in the same we
fit the boss of a cross head in such a way that it may freely slide
up or down in the said socket, but is prevented from turning.

page_text: JAMAN S Butter a improvi ents in Steering Appara
The cross
Or according to another mode of carrying out our Invention the boss
of the cross hrad is formed as a socket which is allowed to slide freely up
or down, but not turn on a block fixed to the rudder head.
head carries at each side a block or a roller, the latter preferred. The
said blocks or rollers slide cach in an inclined slot provided in the
framing or casing of the apparatus. The cross head forms the nut for
a vertical screw which runs in a bearing provided in the casing or
framing of the apparatus and is held in the same by collars so that it
may freely turn, but not lift. The screw is turned by means of bevel
gearing and ordinary steering wheel. The aforesaid cross head
may also when required be raised and lowered by steam or hydraulic
power. The inclination of the slots may be less in the middle than at
cach end.
When the socket is made of a square or other angular shape we
prefer to fit it with a lining consisting of adjustable pieces of metal or
hard wood so that the same may be tightened up as required.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Jarman and John Salter in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 5th June 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, HENRY
JARMAN, of Poplar, London, Pattern Maker, and JOHN SALTER, of
Limehouse, London, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by. Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-fourth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said Henry Jarman and John Salter, Her special
licence that we, the said Henry Jarman and John Salter, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Henry
Jarman and John Salter, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEERING APPARATUS," upon the

page_text: condition (amongst others) that we, the said Henry Jarman and John
Salter, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in whát
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Henry Jarman and John Salter,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawings and to the letters of reference marked thereon, that is
to say :-
This Invention relates to apparatus for steering vessels, and is as
follows:-
According to one mode of carrying out our Invention we fix to the
rudder head a socket, by preference of cast iron; in the same we fit
the boss of a cross head in such a way that it may freely slide up or down
in the said socket, but is prevented from turning.
Or according to another mode of carrying out our Invention the boss
of the cross head is formed as a socket which is allowed to slide freely up
or down, but not turn on a block fixed to the rudder head. The cross
head carries at each side a block or a roller, the latter preferred. The
said blocks or rollers slide each in an inclined slot provided in the
framing or casing of the apparatus. The cross head forms the nut for
a vertical screw which runs in a bearing provided in the casing or
framing of the apparatus, and is held in the same by collars so that it
may freely turn, but not lift. The screw is turned by means of bevel
gearing and ordinary steering wheel. The aforesaid cross head may
also when required be raised and lowered by steam or by hydraulic
power. The inclination of the slots may be less in the middle than at
each end.
When the socket is made of a square or other angular shape we
prefer to fit it with a lining consisting of adjustable pieces of metal or
hard wood so that the same may be tightened up as required.
And in order to more fully explain the nature of this Invention
we will now describe the same with reference to the accompanying
Drawings.

page_text: a is
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a steering apparatus made according
to the mode first herein-before described; Fig. 2 is a side elevation;
Fig. 3 is a plan section through A, A, Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 a plan of the
socket fastened on to a corresponding socket on the rudder head.
the rudder head which has a socket 6 which by means of three bolts is
secured to an upright square socket c. A cross head d is formed with a
hollow square boss which at its lower end fits in the square socket cso
as to slide freely up and down in the same. The socket c has one or
more spoke sockets as shown to turn the rudder head by the insertion of
a suitable handspike in case of need. The cross head d has at each end.
a roller e which works in a slanting slot formed in an outer casing fwhich
is fastened to a pedestal casing 9 secured on to the deck of a ship or
vessel. The cross head forms the nut for a screw / which has its
bearings in the top plate j, and when worked by hand, as here shown, is
turned by means of bevel gearing and an ordinary spoke wheel on the
horizontal spindle k. On turning the screw h one way or the other the
cross head is raised or lowered and at the same time turned because of
the rollers working in the slots, thus also turning the socket fastened to
the rudder head.
•
Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation of a steering apparatus made according
to the second mode herein-before described. The rudder head a has here
a square boss 6 which fits and works in the square socket of the cross
head d.
The other parts of the apparatus are similar to those described with
reference to Figs. 1 and 2.
It is evident that the cross head with or without rollers equally well
may work between slanting guide bars as to work between guides formed
in a hollow casing as here shown, but the latter arrangement has the
advantage of closing up the gear, thus keeping it more from the influence
of dirt and injury.
It is also evident that the cross head might be made forked at each
end or so as to embrace a single slanting guide bar at cach side and with
or without the employment of rollers to diminish the friction against the
guide bars.
And having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of
this our Invention, we declare that we claim the herein-before described
apparatus for turning the rudder head, consisting of a screw, the nut of
which is formed in or by a cross head guided in slanting guides, the said
'

page_text: cross head sliding vertically in or on the rudder head or a boss or socket
attached thereto, but not turning in or on the said rudder head, or boss,
or socket.
In witness whereof, we, the said Henry Jarman and John Salter,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Third day of June,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
Ano