An Improved Method or Process of Hardening Aluminous Materials, and the Product Obtained thereby.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 26th Sept., 1894-Accepted, 3rd Nov., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method or Process of Hardening Aluminous Materials,
and the Product Obtained thereby.
I, IVAN WERLEIN, of 71 Rue du Cardinal Lemoine, Paris, in the Republic of
France, Instrument Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows :-
:-
The invention forming the subject of the present application consists in a new
process of hardening any aluminous substance treated by fusion produced by
electricity.
My process is applicable to any natural aluminous substance or to any aluminous
slag or scoria; it has for its object to render the materials thus treated susceptible
of cutting and grinding stone and metals.
In carrying my invention into effect I employ the action of the electric arc in an
electric furnace of any known system, or I place the material to be treated in a
carbon or graphite crucible after having mixed with it some retort carbon; this
action of the electric arc is maintained until the material contained in the crucible
is fused.
When the material to be treated contains about 100 per cent. of alumina, that is
to say, pure alumina, the proportion of carbon employed is about 5 per cent. ;
when the material contains only about 50 per cent., the proportion of carbon is
about 10 per cent.
The electric current employed may be continuous or alternating; its strength
will naturally vary according to the quantity of material to be treated at each
operation.
When the fusion of this material is complete, it is thrown into a bath of cold
water, which operation is for the purpose of facilitating the grinding thereof.
The aluminous product thus treated is ground or crushed to various degrees of
fineness; it may be used as an agglomerate in the form of a millstone or otherwise,
or it may be applied to cloth, paper or other supporting surface, or it may be
employed in its crushed condition for the perforation and working of hard
materials.
Dated this 1st day of January 1894.
IVAN WERLEIN,
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method or Process of Hardening Aluminous Materials,
and the Product Obtained thereby.
I, IVAN WERLEIN of 71 Rue du Cardinal Lemoine, Paris in the Republic of
France, Instrument Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The invention forming the subject of the present application consists in a new
process of hardening any aluminous substance, treated by fusion produced by
electricity

page_text: My process is applicable to any natural aluminous substance or to any aluminous
slag or scoria, it has for its object to render the materials thus treated; susceptible
of cutting and grinding stone and metals.
In carrying my invention into effect, I employ the action of the electric arc in
an electric furnace of any known system, in which I place the material to be
treated in a carbon or graphite crucible after having mixed with it some retort
carbon, this action of the electric arc is maintained until the material contained in
the crucible is fused.
When the material to be treated contains about 100 per cent. of alumina, that is
to say, pure alumina, the proportion of carbon employed is about 5 per cent.;
when the material contains only about 50 per cent. of alumina, the proportion of
carbon is about 10 per cent.
The electric current employed for this purpose may be continuous or alternating,
its strength will naturally vary according to the quantity of material to be treated
at each operation.
When the fusion of this material is complete, it is thrown into a bath of cold
water, which operation is for the purpose of facilitating the grinding thereof.
The aluminous product thus treated is ground or crushed to various degrees of
fineness; it may be used as an agglomerate in the form of a millstone or otherwise
or it may be applied to cloth paper or other supporting surface; or it may be
employed in its crushed condition for the perforation and working of hard
materials.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The method or process of hardening natural aluminous substances or aluminous
slag or scoria consisting in submitting them to the action of an electric current
after having mixed them in a crucible with retort carbon substantially as herein
described.
2. The new industrial product resulting from the application of the method or
process herein described to aluminous substances hardened by electric fusion; this
new product being capable of use in the form of an agglomerate as a millstone or
otherwise, upon cloth, upon paper or in other manner for piercing, cutting,
grinding and working hard materials substantially as herein described and for the
purpose specified.
Dated September 26th 1904.
IVAN WERLEIN,
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.