IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF NAILS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Lockwood Heward, of Newport, in the County
of Monmouth, Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF NAILS."
.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Lockwood Heward
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th April 1881.
JAMES LOCKWOOD HEWARD, of Newport, in the County of Monmouth, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF NAILS."
Machine made wrought nail shanks are made in the ordinary way by a square
nail rod being fed between a pair of grooved rolls, which having eccentrically
shaped divisions in the grooves form a series of tapered depressions in the length
of the rod. These are cut off in lengths in the machine and pass again between
two eccentrically divided rolls, but with plane ungrooved edge, while a pair of flat
slides compress the sides of the piece and form a tapered nail shank, drawing it out
also a little longer.
In the method employed, according to my improvements, I roll direct from the
rolling mill a flat strip of iron a few inches wide and several feet in length. This
strip I then pass through a pair of rolls of the same width as the strip with
eccentric shaped divisions on their circumferences, thus forming on each side of the
flat strip a series of tapered depressions corresponding in their thicknesses to the
shape of a nail shank.
This rolled strip when passed through the ordinary slitting cutters is cut into a
bundle of rods, representing a series of nail shanks of the same shape as made in
the machines, attached to one another or connected by the heads and points in one
continuous rod.
The difference between this method and the ordinary one is as follows:-
First, the shanks are made in one pair of rolls instead of two pairs, and the side
pressure of the slides to form the sides of the shanks is dispensed with. Next,
they are made in one continuous length instead of being produced one by one, and
in fact the nail shanks are formed before the rod is slit instead of the nail being
made by a longer process out of the rod after it is slit.
I also claim, according to my improvements, the method of arranging and
putting together of the rolls above referred to in segments for convenience in
renewing the working surfaces of the eccentrically shaped divisions.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
**
by the said James Lockwood Heward in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
27th October 1881.
JAMES LOCKWOOD HEWARD, of Newport, in the County of Monmouth, Engineer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF NAILS."
Machine made wrought nail shanks are made in the ordinary way by a square
nail rod being fed between a pair of grooved rolls, which having eccentrically
shaped divisions in the grooves form a series of tapered depressions in the length
of the rod. These are cut off in lengths in the machine and pass again between
two eccentrically divided rolls, but with plane ungrooved edge, while a pair of flat
slides compress the sides of the piece and form a tapered nail shank, drawing it out
also a little longer.
In the method employed, according to my improvements, I roll direct from the
rolling mill a flat strip of iron a few inches wide and several feet in length: This
strip I then pass through a pair of rolls, such as a, of the same width as the strip
with eccentric shaped divisions or segments a¹, a¹, on their circumference, as
represented in Figures 1 and 2 of the Drawings hereto annexed, thus forming on
each side of the flat strip ba series of tapered depressions, as represented in Figure 3,
corresponding in their thicknesses to the shape of a nail shank.
This rolled strip b, Figure 3, when passed through the ordinary slitting cutters
is cut into a bundle of rods, representing a series of nail shanks of the same shape
as made in the machines, attached to one another or connected by the heads and
points in one continuous rod.
The difference between this method and the ordinary one is as follows:-
First, the shanks are made in one pair of rolls instead of two pairs, and the side
pressure of the slides to form the sides of the shanks is dispensed with. Next,
they are made in one continuous length instead of being produced one by one, and
in fact the nail shanks are formed before the rod is slit, instead of the nail being
made by a longer process out of the rod after it is slit.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of per-
forming or carrying the same into practice, I would remark that I do not claim
any of the mechanical parts separately, which are well known and in common use,
but what I claim is,-
The improved method of arranging and putting together of the rolls a in
segments for convenience in renewing the working surfaces of the eccentrically
shaped divisions or segments a', a¹, substantially in the manner herein before
described and represented in the Drawings hereto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Lockwood Heward, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty fourth day October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
JAMES L. HEWARD. (L.S.)