IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RAISING AND FORCING WATER
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Lee Norton, of Belle Sauvage Yard, in the
City of London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
RAISING AND FORCING WATER."
Sealed the 28th November 1862, and dated the 3rd June 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Lee Norton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd
June 1862.
I, JAMES LEE NORTON, of Belle Sauvage Yard, in the City of London, do
hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR RAISING AND FORCING WATER," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for raising and
forcing water, and is applicable to pumps where diaphragms or flexible par-
titions are employed, as well as to other forms of pumps, and consists in
applying the suction or induction pipe or inlet at the upper part of the cylinder
or chamber, of a pump within which the piston or diaphragm works, so that
the cylinder or chamber of the pump is at all times charged with water,
even though the valves be defective; and further, in combining with pumps,
whether they be double or single acting, a peculiar arrangement of valves. For
this purpose, the inlet and outlet valves are placed at or above the upper parts
of the cylinders or chambers of the pumps, and the outlet valves are arranged.
above the inlet valves, which are placed in suitable boxes or compartments

page_text: exterior of the cylinders or chambers of the pumps, but connected with them
by suitable passages to admit of the valves being readily got at. The inlet
and outlet valves are arranged over the upper ends of the suction pipes of the
pumps.
.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Lee Norton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd December 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
LEE NORTON, of Belle Sauvage Yard, in the City of London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs, and successors, give and grant unto me, the
.said James Lee Norton, Her special licence, that I, the said James Lee
Norton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said James Lee Norton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RAISING AND FORCING WATER," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said James Lee Norton, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Lee "Norton, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for raising and
forcing water, and is applicable to pumps where diaphragms or flexible par-
titions are employed, as well as to other forms of pumps, and consists in
applying the suction or induction pipes or inlet at the upper part of the cylinder

page_text: or chamber of a pump within which the piston or diaphragm works, so that
the cylinder or chamber of the pump is at all times charged with water, even
though the valves be defective; and further, in combining with pumps, whether
they be double or single acting, a peculiar arrangement of valves. For this
purpose, the inlet and outlet valves are placed at or above the upper parts of
the cylinders or chambers of the pumps, and the outlet valves are arranged
above the inlet valves, which are placed in suitable boxes or compartments
exterior of the cylinders or chambers of the pumps, but connected with them
by suitable passages, to admit of the valves being readily got at. The inlet
and outlet valves are arranged over the upper ends of the suction pipes of the
pumps.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS, SHEET 1.
Figure 1 is a vertical section, and Figure 2 is a horizontal section, of parts of
a pump wherein the pump barrel is divided into two parts longitudinally. The
barrel of the pump in these Figures is shewn to be of a rectangular horizontal
section, but the section of the barrel may be varied; and it should be stated,
that no clain is made to dividing the barrel longitudinally or to the causing
one part to be fixed and the other to be moveable.
A, A, is the moveable longitudinal part of the barrel, and B is the fixed part
of the barrel of the pump; Bx is a fixed partition which divides the interior
of the barrel A, B, into two chambers or compartiments; A*, A*, are par-
titions fixed to the moveable part A of the barrel; C is an outer casing which
is fixed to the flanges D of the fixed part B of the barrel; I, I, are water
passages into and from the barrel, the one being below and the other above
the fixed partition B*. The moveable parts A, A*, of the barrel are put in
motion by means of the cranked axis G and connecting rod F. The barrel
A, B, will at all times be supplied with water, notwithstanding any defect in
respect to the inlet valves, by reason of the suction pipe being connected with
the upper part of the barrel, by which there will at all times be water in the
barrel. P is the suction pipe; H, H, are the suction valves; and J, J, are
the outlet valves; I*, I*, are the water passages leading from the chambers
above the inlet valves H to the inlets I, I, in the barrel A, B, of the pump.
The movements of the parts A, A*, will cause the water from the suction pipe
P to pass into the barrel A, B, and alternately through the openings I, above
and below the fixed partition B*. Thus, when the parts A, A*, are rising,
the water will enter the barrel through the opening I, which is above the

page_text: fixed partition B*, whilst the water in the barrel below the fixed parti-
tion B will be forced out of the barrel through the opening I, which is
below the fixed partition B*, and thence through one of the outlet valves J:
In the return or descending stroke the water from the suction pipe will pass
through the opening I, which is below the fixed partition B*, whilst the water
which is above the fixed partition B* will be driven out of the barrel through
the opening I, which is above the fixed partition B*, and will pass through
the other outlet valve J.
I would here remark, that I have not thought it necessary to shew a pump
barrel working with a piston, but it will be evident from the above description
that the arrangement of suction pipe P with suitable inlet and outlet valves,
and its being connected with the pump barrel at its upper part so that the
barrel may at all times contain a supply of water without depending on the
state of the suction valves, is equally applicable and may readily be applied to
other forms or constructions of pumps working with pistons.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS, SHEET, 2.
Figure 1 is a vertical section, and Figure 2 a plan, of a single-action, flexible
diaphragm pump. . The flexible diaphragm A at its outer edge is held between
the flange G and the ring H, which are to be secured together by screw bolts
and nuts. The centre of the flexible diaphragm is fixed to the spindle C
between the two curved plates B. The spindle C is connected to one end of
the lever handle D, which has its axis or fulcrum on the standard E, on the
ring H.
The water enters and leaves the chamber of the pump at the
passage L, so that the chamber of: the pump being below the inlet from the
suction pipe I and the valve K, will at all times, contain a quantity of water;
and will not depend on the suction valve K being in a good working condition.
Above the upper end of the suction pipe I is an open head or chamber, to
which the delivery spout is affixed at any convenient part. This head or
chamber will, when the outlet valve M is in good working condition, retain a
quantity of water, whether the suction valve K be in a good working condition
or not. R is a screw plug by which the chamber of the pump may be
discharged of the water contained therein..
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS, SHEETS 3.

page_text: placed and by which it is fixed to the spindle C, which at its end is affixed to
a sliding block D, which slides between guides E. The spindle C and block D
receive motion from the crank shaft G by the intervention of the connecting
rod F. On the crank shaft G is a cog wheel H, which gears with the pinion J
on the driving shaft I, which receives motion froni a steam engine or other
power by an endless strap acting on the fixed drum or pulley K. The suction
pipe P is connected with the water passages of this pump, as is shewn in the
Drawing, above the chamber of the pump, .by which there will at all times be
a quantity of water in the chamber of the pump, even should the suction or
inlet valves be out of good working order. At the upper part of the suction
pipe P are two suction or inlet valves Q, and above them are two outlet valves
R, which open into the air chamber T.which is above them, or it may be into
a cistern or other form of receiver. S is one of the passages which leads from
one of the valve chambers to one side of the flexible diaphragm.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS, SHEET 4.
Figure 1 is a side elevation in section; Figure 2 is plan partly in section;
and Figure 3 is an end elevation in section of a fire pump on a platform or
bed plate T, mounted on three wheels U.
In this arrangement the suction pipe P is above the pump chambers, in
which the two flexible diaphragms A, A', work, so that there will at all times
be a quantity of water in the pump chambers Q, even though the suction or
inlet valves L, L', be out of order. M, M', are the water passages to and
from the pump chambers Q, above which are the outlet valves N, N', into the
air vessel H, from which the outlet pipe O conducts the water to the hose
pipe. C, C, are the spindles which are connected by links E, E', to the lever
or beam F on the axis G, by which and suitable bars the pump is worked.
K is the passage which is to be connected at either end to the section pipe P
by removing one of the covers P from such passage.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS, SHEET 5.
Figure 1 shews an elevation; Figure 2, a side elevation; Figure 3, a plan
of the platform and foot levers by which the flexible pistons are worked;
Figure 4 shews a section through the two pump chambers and their flexible
diaphragms or pistons; Figure 5, a plan of the pump chambers shewing the
openings for the outlet valves; Figure 6 is an elevation in section; and
Figure 7 a plan of the air vessel.
These pumps are each single acting. A, A, are the flexible diaphragms
connected to the spindles B by curved plates, as before explained. These

page_text: spindles at their lower ends are attached to foot levers C, and they are con-
nected together by the lever.D, which is supported by an axis carried by the
framing E. The water is supplied to these pumps by a suction pipe connected
at F, which communicates with the water chamber between the two suction or
inlet valves G, as shewn. H, H, are the outlet valves which open into the air
vessel I, from which a jet pipe J proceeds. K is a handle by which the
pumps, if constructed on a smaller scale, are carried.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I would have it understood that I make no claim to any
of the mechanical parts separately, nor do I confine myself to the precise con-
structions shewn, so long as the peculiar arrangements are retained for
connecting the suction pipes of pumps to their barrels or pump chambers.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Lee Norton, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Second day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
J. L. NORTON. (L.S.)