IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTING APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING FURNACES WITH LIQUID HYDRO-CARBON FUEL
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert, Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, &
Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTING APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING FURNACES WITH
LIQUID HYDRO-CARBON FUEL." A communication from abroad by William
Walter Evans, of Paterson, New Jersey, United States of America.
aled the 9th January 1880, and dated the 22nd July 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd July 1879.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London, "IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTING APPARATUS FOR
SUPPLYING FURNACES WITH LIQUID HYDRO-CARBON FUEL." [A communication
from abroad by William Walter Evans, of Paterson, New Jersey, United States of
America.]
This Invention relates to apparatus for injecting tar or other hydro-carbon liquid
in the form of spray into a furnace to be used as fuel. Among various purposes or
uses to which it may be applied the said Invention will be found especially advan-
tageous in gas-works, inasmuch as it provides in a simple and practicable manner
for the utilization of the tar which is produced in the manufacture of
gas. It may
also be very advantageously employed in steam boiler furnaces of various kinds in
which a bed of "breeze" or other solid fuel may be used in addition to the tar or
other hydro-carbon liquid.
In carrying the said Invention into practice I construct an atomizer in which is
combined a steam chamber, a tar or hydro-carbon chamber arranged in front of
said steam chamber and having a contracted spraying opening or duct in its forward
end, an enlarged spray-delivery nozzle in advance of said end, and a perforated
hollow steam spindle or elongated nozzle, preferably made adjustable through
stuffing boxes in said chambers, and provided with an unobstructed but contracted
steam-issuing orifice in line with the spraying duct or opening, whereby a straight
and clear discharge is obtained for the hydro-carbon by the steam, a perfect spray
is produced without liability of the parts to clog, and backing-up of the hydro-
carbon in the apparatus is avoided.
The body of the said atomizer is constructed of two parts or tubes fitted to
connect at the rear end of one and forward end of the other by a screw joint to
facilitate construction and cleaning or repair. These tubes however have no direct

page_text: communication with each other at their connecting ends, but are constructed t
form independent chambers, the rear one of which in one tube constitutes a steam
chamber which is supplied with steam through a pipe or inlet from a stean
generator, while-the-forward-chamber-in-the-other_tube_constitutes a tar_or_hydro
-carbon.chamber which is supplied with hydro-carbon under pressure, or by gravity
-through-a-lateral-pipe or-inlet from any suitable reservoir or source of supply; the
steam-passes through-a-nozzle-from the steam chamber into the tar chamber to
eject the tar-from-the-latter. This nozzle, which is constructed in the form of a
hollow spindle having an opening in its front end, but closed in its rear, is of
somewhat greater length than the said chambers within which it is concentrically
arranged, and through the rear of one of which, namely, the steam chamber, it
projects to admit of its being rotated from the exterior by a crank or hand-wheel
for the purpose of adjusting its forward end nearer to or further from the advance
end of the tar chamber within which the nozzle projects. To effect this adjustment
said hollow spindle or elongated nozzle has a screw-thread upon it arranged to fit a
female thread or screw-box in the rear end of one of the said tubes, which end is
also provided with a stuffing box and gland to prevent leakage of steam through
the back end of said tube. It is also preferred to provide a stuffing box and gland
where the hollow spindle or elongated nozzle passes from the steam chamber into
the tar chamber to prevent leakage between said chambers.
Steam is supplied from the said steam chamber to the interior of the hollow
spindle or elongated nozzle by one or more apertures in the side of the latter
within the said chamber. An opening in the forward end of the elongated steam
nozzle forms a contracted orifice through which the steam issues to eject the tar or
hydro-carbon from the tar chamber, and through a spraying opening or duct in the
forward end of this chamber, from the outer edges of which latter duct or orifice
the tar, as ejected by the steam, is distributed in the form of spray within an
enlarged spray delivery or spraying nozzle, which connects with the furnace or
heating chamber which it is required to supply with hydro-carbon. It is important
that there should be a ready clearance beyond the advanced edges of the contracted
spraying opening or duct in order to ensure a full or perfect spray by the scattering
of the tar as it strikes and escapes by said edges, which latter it is preferred to
make straight and sharp or not flaring in an outward direction. The steam issuing
orifice, also in the forward end of the elongated nozzle or hollow spindle opposite
which the spraying opening is arranged, is also of a contracting construction or not
flaring in an outward direction, but preferably straight, so that as the steam issues
from said orifice to drive the tar before it there will be no back action of the tar or
bydro-carbon in the chamber, but said liquid fuel will be driven directly into and
through the aforesaid contracted spraying opening or duct. This likewise is very
important, and it is preferred generally to make this opening of a larger diameter
than the orifice in the forward end of the steam nozzle.
Furthermore, although the hollow spindle or elongated nozzle is adjustable by
-turning-it-to-the-right-or-left-to-increase-or-diminish the distance-between--the-
forward end of said nozzle and the forward end of the tar chamber to regulate the
quantity of hydro-carbon to be injected, it is not designed that the forward end of
said elongated nozzle and advance end of the said chamber should form a valve and
valve seat, and they may be of any suitable form, inasmuch as it is proposed to
regulate or open and shut off the supply of steam and hydro-carbon to the steam
and tar chambers by valves arranged in the supply pipes to said chambers. In
every instance the forward end of the elongated steam nozzle and advanced end of
the tar chamber will be in moderate proximity with each other, and said nozzle has
no valve fitted to it to regulate the discharge of the steam, but is free or unob-
structed, as a valve applied to the steam issuing orifice only adds to the complication
and by its liability to clog. interferes with the free and perfect action of the
atomizer.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 17th
January 1880.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTING APPARATUS FOR
SUPPLYING FURNACES WITH LIQUID HYDRO-CARBON FUEL." A communication
from abroad by William Walter Evans, of Paterson, New Jersey, United States of
America.
This Invention relates to apparatus for injecting tar or other hydro-carbon liquid
to be used as fuel in the form of spray into a furnace. Among various purposes or
uses to which it may be applied the said Invention will be found especially advan-
tageous in gas works, inasmuch as it provides in a simple and practicable manner
for the utilization of the tar which is produced in the manufacture of gas. It may
also be very advantageously employed in steam boiler furnaces of various kinds in
which a bed of "breeze" or other solid fuel may be used in addition to the tar or
other hydro-carbon liquid.
In carrying the said Invention into practice I combine in the said apparatus a
steam chamber, a tar or hydro-carbon chamber arranged in front of the said steam
chamber and having a contracted spraying opening or duct in its forward end, an
enlarged spray-delivery nozzle in advance of the said end, and a perforated hollow
steam spindle or elongated nozzle, preferably made adjustable through stuffing
boxes in the said chambers, and provided with an unobstructed but contracted
steam issuing-orifice in line with the spraying duct or opening; by this construction
a straight and clear discharge is obtained for the hydro-carbon by the steam, a
perfect spray is produced without liability of the parts to clog, and "backing-up"
of the hydro-carbon in the apparatus is avoided.
In the accompanying Drawing,
Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of a hydro-carbon atomizer constructed
in accordance with the said Invention, and
Figure 2 is a transverse section of the same on the line x, x.
The body of the atomizer is constructed of two parts or tubes A, B, fitted to
connect at the rear end of one and forward end of the other by a screw-joint b to
facilitate the construction and cleaning or repair of the said apparatus. These
tubes A, B, however have no direct communication with each other at their
connecting ends, but are constructed to form independent chambers C, D; the rear
chamber Č in the tube A constitutes a steam chamber which is supplied with steam
through a pipe or inlet c from a steam generator, while the forward chamber D in
the tube B constitutes a tar or hydro-carbon chamber which is supplied with the
hydro-carbon under pressure, or by gravity through a lateral pipe or inlet d from
any suitable reservoir or source of supply.
E is the steam nozzle through which the steam passes from the steam chamber C
into the tar chamber D to eject the tar from the latter. This nozzle, which is
constructed in the form of a hollow spindle having an opening in its front end but
closed in its rear, is of somewhat greater length than the chambers C and D, within
which it is concentrically arranged; it projects through the rear of the chamber C
to admit of its being rotated from the exterior by a crank or hand-wheel e for the
purpose of adjusting its forward end nearer to or further from the front or advance
end of the chamber D within which the nozzle projects. To effect this adjustment
the said hollow spindle or elongated nozzle E has upon it a screw-thread f arranged
to fit a female thread or screw-box g in the rear end of the tube A, which end of
the latter is also provided with a stuffing box and gland G to prevent leakage of
steam through the back end of the said tube. Moreover, I prefer to provide a
stuffing box and gland H where the hollow spindle or elongated nozzle E passes
from the steam-chamber C into the tar chamber D to prevent leakage between said
chambers.

page_text: Steam is supplied from the chamber C to the interior of the hollow spindle or
elongated nozzle E by one or more apertures h in the side of the latter within the
chamber C.
The opening-i-in-the-forward-end-of-the-elongated-steam.nozzle.E_forms_a_con_
tracted orifice through which the steam issues to eject the tar or hydro-carbon from
the chamber-D; and through a spraying opening or duct in the forward end of
the chamber D from the outer edges of the latter duct or orifice the tar, as ejected
by the steam, is distributed in the form of spray within an enlarged spray delivery
or spraying nozzle I which connects with the furnace or heating chamber to be
supplied with hydro-carbon liquid. It is important that there should be a ready
clearance beyond the advance edges of the contracted spraying opening or duct h
to ensure a full or perfect spray by the scattering of the tar as it strikes and
escapes by said edges, which latter it is preferred to make straight and sharp or not
flaring in an outward direction. The steam issuing orifice i in the forward end of
the elongated nozzle or hollow spindle E opposite which the spraying opening k is
arranged, is also of a contracted form or construction, that is to say, it is not flaring
or inclined in an outward direction, but is preferably straight, so that as the steam
issues from the said orifice to drive the tar before it there will be no back. action of
the tar or hydro-carbon liquid in the chamber, but the said liquid will be driven
directly into and through the contracted spraying opening or duct k. This con-
struction is very important, and it is preferred generally to make the opening k of
a larger diameter than the orifice i. Furthermore, although the hollow spindle or
elongated nozzle E is adjustable by turning it to the right or left to increase
or diminish the distance between the forward end of said nozzle and the forward
end of the chamber D to regulate the quantity of hydro-carbon to be injected, it is
.not designed that the forward end of said elongated nozzle and advance end of the
chamber D should form a valve and valve seat, and instead of being taper or
conical in construction, as shewn, they may be of any other suitable form, inasmuch
as it is proposed to regulate or open and shut off the supply of steam and hydro-
carbon to the chamber C and D by valves arranged in the supply pipes to the said
chambers. In every instance the forward end of the elongated steam nozzle E and
advance end of the chamber D will be in somewhat close proximity to each other,
and the said nozzle has no valve fitted to it to regulate the discharge of the steam,
but is free or unobstructed, as a valve applied to the steam-issuing orifice only adds
to the complication, and by its liability to clogging interferes with the free and
perfect action of the atomizer.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the same, I wish it understood
that I claim,-
In an atomizer for injecting tar or other hydro-carbon liquids into furnaces to be
used therein as fuel, the combination of parts comprising the steam chamber, the
tar or hydro-carbon chamber having a contracted spraying opening or duct and
enlarged delivery nozzle I at its forward end, and the perforated hollow steam
spindle or elongated nozzle arranged longitudinally within the hydro-carbon
chamber and provided with an unobstructed contracted orifice in its forward end 4
for the issue of the steam directly in line with the spraying opening or duct k, all
substantially as specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand night hundred and sights