Improvements in or relating to Liners for Strengthening Velocipede Frames and for similar purposes.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Liners for Strengthening Velocipede
Frames and for similar purposes.
I, ENOCH JOHN WEST, of Progress Cycle Works, Stoney Stanton Road, Coventry,
Warwickshire, Cycle Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:
My invention relates to liners for strengthening velocipede frames and for
similar purposes. Liners are fitted into the tubular members of velocipede frames
where such members are to be held by the sockets or joints, for the purpose of
strengthening the frames at these parts.
The liner sometimes consists
of a piece of complete tube, or more often, of a piece of split tube
rolled up from sheet. In these cases it is obviously a matter of some
difficulty to get the liner to fit closely within the tubular member and in the case
of a split liner any attempt to ensure a tight fit is liable to be frustrated by the
edges of the liner slipping into an overlapping position. To graduate the strength
of the joint, the liner is usually continued within the tubular member beyond the
limits of the socket; and to further graduate the strength the part of the liner so
continued is usually deeply serrated. The teeth thus produced on the liner are so
lacking in rigidity as to frequently render them inefficient.
To overcome the defects above indicated I construct my improved liners in the
following manner. Each liner is made from a sheet of suitable material, such as
pen steel, rolled up into the form of a split tube. A narrow margin at each of the
longitudinal edges is bent inwards radially thus preventing either edge from over-
lapping the other. I also form the liner with one or more, say three, longitudinal
grooves or depressions which impart to it a certain amount of elasticity circum-
ferentially so that each liner will adjust itself to and fit closely within tubes of
somewhat varying internal diameter. Where serrations are employed, (as is
preferred) the depressions are arranged to lie along the centre lines of the teeth,
thus greatly increasing their rigidity and holding them up to their work. The
depressions also assist in the flow of the spelter in brazing the joint.
It will be obvious that part of my invention may be employed independently
and that modifications may be made without departing from the spirit thereof.
Dated this 10th day of Tohm 1907
G. DOUGLAS LEECHMAN,
18 Hertford Street, Coventry,
75 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., and
49 Middle Abbey Street, Dublin,
Patent Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in or relating to Liners for Strengthening Velocipede
Frames and for similar purposes.
I, ENOCH JOHN WEST, of Progress Cycle Works, Stoney Stanton Road, Coventry,
Warwickshire, Cycle Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement: -
My invention relates to liners for strengthening velocipede frames and for 5
similar purposes. Liners are fitted into the tubular members of velocipede frames
where such members are to be held by the sockets or joints, for the purpose of
strengthening the frames at these parts. The liner sometimes consists of a piece
of complete tube, or more often of a piece of split tube rolled up from sheet. In
these cases it is obviously a matter of some difficulty to get the liner to fit closely
within the tubular member and in the case of a split liner any attempt to get a
tight fit is liable to be frustrated by the edges of the liner slipping into an over-
lapping position. To graduate the strength of the joint, the liner is usually con-
tinued within the tubular member beyond the limits of the socket; and to further
graduate the strength the part of the liner so continued is usually deeply serrated.
The teeth thus produced on the liner are so lacking in rigidity as to frequently
render them inetticient.
To overcome the defects above indicated I construct my improved liners in the
manner exemplified in the accompanying drawings, wherein
Fig. I shows a transverse section of a liner constructed according to my
invention.
Fig. II is an elevation of the same.
Fig. III is a similar view of a serrated liner.
The same reference numerals indicate the same parts in all the figures.
Each liner is made from a sheet of suitable material, such as pen steel, rolled
up into the form of a split tube. A narrow margin 2 at each of the longitudinal
edges is bent inwards radially so that when the liner is compressed circum-
ferentially these margins butt against each other and prevent either edge over-
lapping the other. The liner is also formed with one or more, say three, longi-
tudinal grooves or depressions 3 which impart to it a certain amount of elasticity
circumferentially, so that each liner will adjust itself to and fit closely within
tubes of somewhat varying internal diameter, although, when in use, its periphery
is practically continuous. If one or more serrations 4 be employed a depression 3
is arranged to lie along each tooth as shown in Fig. III, or one or more of several
teeth. This arrangement greatly increases the rigidity of such teeth and holds
them up to their work. The depressions also assist in the flow of the spelter if
the liner be brazed in position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my aid
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. In sheet metal liners, for strengthening velocipede frames and for similar
purposes, bending in the marginal edges of the sheet and forming longitudinal
depressions therein, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
2. A sheet liner, for strengthening velocipede frames and for similar purposes,
having marginal edges of the sheet bent inwardly so as to bear against each other
and prevent either edge overlapping the other, and having one or more longi-

page_text: tudinal depressions to provide elasticity in the practically continuous periphery of
the liner, substantially as herein described.
3. In a sheet metal liner, for strengthening velocipede frames and for similar
purposes, the combination of inwardly bent marginal edges, one or more serrations
or teeth, and longitudinal depressions extended along one or more of such teeth,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 10th day of N
L
100%
G. DOUGLAS LEECHMAN,
18 Hertford Street, Coventry,
75 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., and
49 Middle Abbey Street, Dublin,
Patent Agent for the Applicant.
G. DOUGLAS LEECHMAN,
18 Hertford Street, Coventry,
75 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., and
49 Middle Abbey Street, Dublin,
Patent Agent for the Applicant.