IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING AND DRESSING STONE
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of Kensington, Middlesex, for an
invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING AND DRESSING STONE
A communication to him from abroad by Alexander McDonald, of the State
of Massachusetts, United States of America
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th Juno 1882.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR CUTTING AND DRESSING STONE," a communication to me from
abroad by Alexander McDonald, of the State of Massachusetts, United States of
America,
This invention relates to that class of stone cutting or dressing machines in
which rotary discs are used as cutters, the improvements having reference to
means or mechanism for adjusting each rotary disc to its proper vertical position
and dip or inclination to the stone to be cut by it; and also to two series of such
rotary discs provided with mechanism for revolving them, so as to cause them to
cut from opposite edges of the stone, whereby the breaking or "spotting
" of the
stone at either edge is avoided, it being very liable to occur in case of the sets of
cutters being revolved so as to cut outward toward the said opposite edges.
The machine embodying the first part of this invention comprises two cutter-
carriers, each of which, at its centre, is fixed to the lower end of one of two
vertical shafts, supported by and adapted to revolve in a frame, and a horizontal
bar, adapted to move vertically in the frame. At or near their upper ends the
shafts have applied to them by "feather-connections" or splines, two gears of like
size, such gears engaging with each other and being supported by the frame.
Above one of such gears and applied to one of the vertical shafts, as is the gear
below, is a bevel-gear that engages with a bevel-pinion, fixed on a shaft carrying
a driving-pulley, such shaft being duly applied to the frame to which the bar is to
be applied, so as to be capable of moving vertically and carrying with it the
vertical shafts. The bar is supported by adjusting-screws, sustained by the frame
or suitable devices appurtenant thereto. The invention consists in providing each
cutter-carrier with a series of notched abutments and with radial sockets leading
[Price 6d1

page_text: therefrom, such abutments and sockets being to receive rockers and adjusting-
Bcrews. Also in the combination of the cutter-carrier provided with notched
abutments and two sets of adjusting-screws, with a rocker and cutter-head, each
cutter-head having applied to it a disc-cutter. Also in the combination of an
adjustable box or bearing and a sleeve, screw-bolt, and nut with the cutter-head
and the rocker, and with the carrier having screws for adjusting the said cutter-
head and rocker. Also in the combination of the two rotary cutter carriers,
provided with cutters, with mechanism to revolve such carriers so as to cause
their sets of cutters to cut into the stone, in directions from its edges toward its
middle. Also in the combination of the two rotary cutter-carriers, provided with
cutters to cut a stone on its upper surface or top; with a rotary cutter-carrier
provided with like cutters and arranged to dress or cut the stone on its edge or
side. The machine embodying the second part of this invention comprises a frame
on whose lower part or base the stone to be dressed is to rest, or upon a suitable
carriage or platform movable laterally upon or across such base. Within the
frame and over the bed is a cutter stock or carriage, it being provided at each of
its opposite ends with a slotted guide or support piece whose upper straight portion
extends through one of two staples or yokes, projecting downward from
horizontal rail or bar. The rail and the guides extend through vertical slots in the
end portions of the frame and are guided in their movements by such slots. The
horizontal bar is also provided with guide posts that extend upward from it
through holes in the top bar of the frame, fixed on the top of the cutter stock or
carriage. A forked connection rod pivoted to the said carriage, and spanning it
and the frame, serves when reciprocated by any suitable motor to impart to the
cutter carriage a reciprocating rectilinear movement.
a
Screws extend upward from the bar, through the top bar of the frame, and also
through nuts applied to the said frame, so as to be immovable vertically though
capable of being revolved on the screws. By means of such nuts and screws the
horizontal bar may be depressed or raised as may be required. The cutter
carriage in its lower part, is furnished with a series of slots to receive the several
adjustable cutter carriers. The cutters of their carriers are steel discs sharpened
at their edges, they being arranged in the carriers so as to freely revolve therein.
Each carrier has a screw, projecting upward from it into a nut, provided with a
conical or tapering point, which bears against the bottom of the upper bar of the
carriage or in a step made in such bar. Screws, screwed into the carriage and
entering each of the stalls at its opposite ends, bear against the cutter carrier or
set of carriers in the stall, and serve to adjust or move such laterally or cbango
them therein, the pivoted nut of each cutter serving with their screw thereof, to
depress the cutter carrier in the carriage. The cutter supporting and adjusting
mechanism may be modified as follows:-One arm of the cutter-carrier has a lip
projecting from it at its outer end and at one side of it. Two screws are screwed
into and through the lip, and against a recessed block pivoted to the arm so as to
be capable of turning laterally, the pivot of such block being provided with a
screw, that screws through a nut within a narrow space or opening in the arm.
By turning the nut on the screw, the block may be moved a little either toward
or away from the shaft receiving hole of the arm. The block is recessed in its
front to receive a slit, which at its opposite edges is overlapped by two cam plates,
each of such plates having two screws going through it and screwed into the
block. A screw arranged in the upper part of the block serves to depress the slide
in its recess. From the slide project two lips, there being arranged between and
pivoted to them, a cutter support piece provided with a disc cutter whose spindle
is adapted to such support piece, so as to be capable of freely revolving therein, it
being held in place by a washer and nut, arranged on a rod, extending from the
cutter through the spindle, and having a screw to receive the nut. The washer
bears against the upper end of the spindle.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Herbert John Haddan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th December 1882.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN of Kensington, Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR CUTTING AND DRESSING STONE," a communication to me from
abroad by Alexander McDonald, of the State of Massachusetts, United States of
America
The first part of this invention which relates particularly to machinery for
cutting stone, is illustrated by Figures 1 to 9 inclusive of the accompanying
Drawings.
The second portion being represented in Figures 10 to 17 inclusive, covering
machinery for dressing stone especially after it may have been cut by the machine
herein first described
Another portion of this invention is shown in Figures 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22. it
relating to the machine shown in Figures 1 to 9, inclusive and is hereinafter
explained.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation, and Fig. 2 a transverse section, of a machine
embodying this invention. Fig. 3 is a top view of one of its rotary cutter-carriers
and the cutters thereof, Fig. 4 being a front elevation, and Figs. 5 and 6 transverse
sections of it, the plane of section of Fig. 5 being through the holding bolt of one
of the rotary cutting discs or cutters, while the plane of section in Fig. 6 is through
the rocker to which the cutter-head is pivoted.
Fig. 7 is a vertical section through a cutter, its head, rocker, and the adjustments
of the latter. Figures S and 9 are hereinafter explained. The nature of this
invention is defined in the claim or claims hereinafter presented.
This invention relates to that class of stone cutting or dressing machines in
which rotary discs are used as cutters, the improvements having reference to means
or mechanisin for adjusting each rotary disc to its proper vertical position and dip
or inclination to the stone to be cut by it and also to two series of such rotary
discs provided with mechanism for revolving them, so as to cause them to cut from
opposite edges of the stone, whereby the breaking or "spotting" of the stone at
either edge is avoided, it being very liable to occur in case of the sets of cutters
being revolved so as to cut outward toward the said opposite edges. The machine
for cutting stone comprises two cutter carriers A A' each of which at its center is
fixed to the lower end of one of two vertical shafts, B B', supported by and
adapted to revolve in a frame, C, and a horizontal bar, G, adapted to move
vertically in the frame. At or near their upper ends the shafts have applied to
them, by "feather-connections or splines, two gears, D D', of like size, such gears
engaging with each other and being supported by the frame C. Above one of such
gears, and applied to one of the vertical shafts B B', as is the gear below, is a
bevel gear, E, that engages with a bevel-pinion, F, fixed on a shaft, C, carrying a
driving-pulley, H, such shaft being duly applied to the frame C, to which the
bar G is to be applied, so as to be capable of moving vertically and carrying with
it the vertical shafts B B'.
"
The bar G is supported by adjusting-screws H'H', sustained by the frane C or
suitable devices appurtenant thereto. The screws screw into and through the
bar G, and at their upper ends they are provided with bevel-gears a a, to engage
with other bevel gears, bb, fixed on a horizontal shaft, c, arranged in the frame C,
and provided with two sets of fast and loose pulleys, de. Each of such sets is to
be furnished with an endless belt running froin a common driving-drum, one of

page_text: Each
such belts being a crossed belt. These belts are to cause the shaft c to be revolved
in opposite directions, as occasion may require, to effect either the raising or
depressing of the sets of cutters relatively to a stone when it is under them.
cutter carrier (which without its cutters is shown in top view in Fig. 8, and in
side view in Fig. 9) has at its periphery a series of angular recesses or notched
abutments, d' as represented, they being disposed at equal distances apart.
To cach abutment there is adapted a cutter-head, e¹ and its rocker f. The latter
is a flat headed screw-bolt, whose shank extends into a socket, w, made radially in
the cutter-carrier, the shank being held in place in the socket by a nut g, arranged
in an opening, a, as shown, and screwed on the shank.
The abutment is provided with adjusting screws hh, to screw against the head
of the rocker to adjust it and hold it adjusted to an inclination to the horizon.
The cutter-head e', at its middle, is pivoted to the head of the rocker, the pivot
being shown at i. There is screwed into the cutter-head a tubular box or
bearing, h, the said cutter-head being furnished with a set-screw, l, to work
against the bearing to prevent it from accidentally revolving.
Within the tubular box is a shouldered tube or sleeve, m, through which and
the disc-cutter na screw-bolt, o, passes as shown, the cutter being between the
head of the bolt and that of the sleeve. A nut, p, is screwed on the bolt and
against the shoulder thereof, at the upper end of the screw. Furthermore, the
abutment is provided with a second set of adjusting-screws, qq, arranged to stand
in a plane at right angles with that of the other set, and to bear against the cutter
head, so as to incline it to the horizon in a plane at right angles with that in
which it may be moved by the screws h h.
From the above it will be seen that each cutter, by means of the bolt and nut,
becomes fastened to the sleeve, and with such is to freely revolve the sleeve
turning in the tubular box, which by screwing into the cutter-head, can be used
to adjust the cutter in the line of the axis of the bolt. This adjustment is to
bring the cutter to its proper position relatively to that or those next it in the
set for all of them to cut in one horizontal plane.
As the cutters may not wear exactly alike, or one may wear down a little faster
than the others, this adjustment of each becomes essential to the production of good
work. By means of the two sets of adjusting-screws the dip of the cutter can also
be changed in either of two planes at right angles, as described
The above specified means of applying each cutter to its carrier not only admit
of each cutter freely revolving on its own axis while forced against a stone while
the cutter-carrier is in rapid revolution, but to be adjusted in dip or inclination
and outwardly relatively to its fellow-cutters, so as to cut the stone to the best
advantage in a horizontal plane.
To the frame C, I apply another revolving cutter-carrier, as shown at C', and
provide it with cutters and adjusting appliances like those hereinbefore described,
and also with means of revolving it, such cutter carrier being arranged so as to
cut or dress a stone on its edge or side while it is being dressed on its top, or
before or after such. With this cutter and the others, and in the frame C, I
employ two carriages or platforms, ST, one to move rectilinearly on the other
toward and from the side cutter-head. The stone is to rest on the upper carriage,
the lower carriage being to move in a direction at right angles to its fellow, in
order to move the stone along for it to be dressed or cut by all the cutters or only
by those which cut it on its top, or by those which reduce it on its side. These
platforins may have suitable mechanism for adjusting them so as to adapt the
stone to the cutters to be cut by them; and the lower of such carriages or platforms
may have mechanism for moving it forward as may be necessary to cause the
stone to be regularly reduced by the cutters.
In respect to the second part of this invention, as shown in Figures 10 to 17
inclusive, would remark that, Figure 10. is a front elevation, Fig. 11 an end
clevation, Fig. 12 a vertical and longitudinal section, and Figure 13 a transverse
section of a machine embodying these improvements.

page_text: Figure 14 is a horizontal section of the cutter carriage of such machine, while
Figures 15, 16 and 17 are edge views of some of the adjustablo cutter carriers
with those cutters to be described.
In figures 10. 11. 12. and 13, A, denotes a frame on whose lower part or base a,
the stone to be dressed is to rest, or upon a suitable carriage or platform move-
able laterally upon or across such base. Within the frame A and over the bed is
a cutter stock or carriage B, it being provided at each of its opposite ends with a
slotted guide or support piece C, whose upper straight portion b, extends through
one of two staples or yokes c, projecting downward from a horizontal rail or
bar D.
The rail and the guides C, extend through vertical slots, cc, in the end portions
of the frame A and are guided in their movements by such slots. The horizontal
bar D is also provided with guide posts d d that extend upward from it, through
holes ce in the top bar f of the frame h, fixed on the top of the cutter stock or
carriage B. A forked connection rod E, pivoted to the said carriage, and spanning
it and the frame A, serves when reciprocated by any suitable motor, to impart to
the cutter carriage, a reciprocating rectilinear movement.
Screws FF extend upward from the bar D, through the top bar of the frame A-
and also through nuts G. G, applied to the said frame, so as to be immovable
vertically, though capable of being revolved on the screws. By means of such
nuts and screws the bar D may be depressed or raised, as may be required. The
cutter carriage in its lower part, is furnished with a series of slots gg to receive
the several adjustable cutter carriers. H, The cutters of their carriers are stecl
dises sharpened at their edges, they being arranged in the carriers so as to freely
revolve therein, Each carrier has a screw h, projecting upward from it into a
nut provided with a conical or tapering point, which bears against the bottom
of the upper bar, l, of the carriage B, or in a step made in such bar. Screws I,
screwed into the carriage and entering each of the stalls at its opposite ends, bear
against the carrier or set of carriers in the stall, and serve to adjust or move such
laterally or change them therein, the pivoted nut of each cutter serving with
their screw thereof, to depress the cutter carrier in the carriage.
From the above it will be seen, that, the machine described not only contains
means of moving the cutters forward or backward across the stone, but has means
of adjusting such cutters to the stone, and of depressing or raising each of the
cutter carriers as circumstances may require.
The machine also has means of raising or depressing the rail or bar over and
supporting
cutter carriage.
By using cutters arranged in a carrier, as shown in figure 16, the vertical edge
of a stone may be dressed or by employing cutters arranged as shown in Fig. 17, a
moulding may be cut in the stone.
In said Figure 16 the cutters are represented as projecting from one side of the
carrier with their axes inclined to that of the carrier-the said carrier being
furnished with a screw, and its pivoted nut, such as hereinbefore described.
Figure 18 is a top view, Figure 19 a side elevation, Fig. 20 a front end elevation,
Fig. 21 a vertical and longitudinal section, and Fig. 22 a horizontal section of a
cutter supporting and adjusting mechanism, which is somewhat different from that
herein before described, as appertaining to the machine shown in Figures 1 to 9.
In the said figures 18. 19. 20. 21 and 22 A denotes one of the arms of the cutter
carriers, and B the disc cutters, applied to each arm by mechanism to admit of
the proper adjustment of the cutter.
The arm has a lip a projecting from it at its outer end and at one side of it.
Two screws bb screwed into and through the lip, and against the recessed block C
pivoted to the arm so as to be capable of turning laterally, the pivot d of such
block being provided with a screw e, that screws through a nut f, arranged as
shown within a narrow space or opening g-in the arm. By turning the nut on

page_text: the screw, the block c, may be moved a little either toward or away from the shaft
receiving hole h, of the arm.
The block c, is recessed in its front to receive a slit i, which at its opposite
edges is overlapped by two cam plates arranged as shown, each of such plates
having two screws ll, going through it and screwed into the block c. A screw m,
arranged in the upper part of the block serves to depress the slide in its recess.
From the slide i two lips n n extend as shown, there being arranged between and
pivoted to them, a cutter support-piece o, provided with a disc cutter B, whose
spindle q
is adapted to such support piece-so as to be capable of freely revolving
therein, it being held in place by a washer r, and nut 8, arranged on a rod t,
extending from the cutter through the spindle, and having a screw to receive the
nut. The washer bears against the upper end of the spindle.
There is a screw u, in the rear part of the support piece o, The head of the said
screw rests against the slide. By means of such screw the inclination of the cutter
support piece may be adjusted, it being afterwards clamped in position by another
screw, which projects through one of the lips of the slide. One of the pivots of
the support piece is shown at w.
By the above described mechanism applied to the arm of the cutter carrier, the
disc cutter can be adjusted or varied in its positions as occasion may require to
cause to operate to the best advantage.
I do not herein claim discs for cutting or dressing stone but what I claim is as
follows that is to say in the machine as represented in Figures 1 to 9 inclusive
I claim.
1. Each cutter-carrier provided with a series of notched abutments and with
radial sockets leading therefrom, as represented, such abutments and sockets being
to receive rockers and adjusting-screws arranged in them, as and for purposes as
set forth.
2 The combination of the cutter-carrier provided with notched abutments and
two sets of adjusting-screws arranged in each of them, as set forth, with a rocker
and cutter-head, substantially as explained, applied to each other and to the carrier,
and to the two sets of adjusting-screws of the abutment, essentially in manner and
to operate as specified, each cutter-head having applied to it a disc cutter, as
represented.
3. The combination of the adjustable box or bearing and the sleeve, screw-bolt,
and nut with the cutter-head and the rocker, and with the carrier having screws
for adjusting the said cutter head and rocker, in a manner as set forth.
4. The combination of the two rotary cutter carriers provided with cutters as
described, with mechanism to revolve such carriers so as to cause their sets of
cutters to cut into the stone, in directions from its edges toward its middle as
set forth
5. The combination of the two rotary cutter carriers provided with cutters as
described, to cut a stone on its upper surface or top, with a rotary cutter carrier
provided with like cutters and arranged to dress or cut the stone on its edge or
side, as explained.
In the machine as represented in the Figures 10 to 17 inclusive I claim.
6. The combination of the cutter carriage and its guides with the supporting
frame and with the vertically movable rail arranged within such frame and applied
to the said carriage and provided with adjusting screws and nuts substantially as
set forth such carriage being furnished as represented with friction rollers to bear
against the rail.
7. The cutter carriage provided with the series of stalls and adjusting screws to
each, arranged in it substantially as set forth.
S. Each cutter carrier provided with the screw and its pivoted nut, as described.
9. The cutter carriage provided with the cutter carrier receiving stalls and their
cutter carrier adjusting or clamping screws as described-in combination with

page_text: cutter-carriers arranged in such stalls and provided with screws, and pivoted nuts
as specified, to operate in and with the carriage as explained.
10. The cutter carrier baving the screw and pivoted nut, as described, and,
cutters projecting from one side of it and inclined to its axis, as set forth, such
boing for use in the cutter carriage and for dressing the vertical edge of a stone.
11. And I further claim the mechanism substantially as herein before described,
and as represented in Figures 18 to 22 inclusive.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert John Haddan have hereunto set my
hand and seal this seventh day of December A.D. 1882.
IT T HADDAN
1
T
ADDAN