AN IMPROVED WARMING APPARATUS, APPLICABLE TO RAILWAY AND ROAD CARRIAGES, AND OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Hutton, of Ardwick, near Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, Gentleman, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED
WARMING APPARATUS, APPLICABLE TO RAILWAY AND ROAD CARRIAGES, AND
OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES."
Sealed the 8th May 1857, and dated the 18th November 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the. said Alexander Hutton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th
November 1856.
I, ALEXANDER HUTTON, of Adwick, near Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED WARMING APPARATUS, APPLICABLE TO RAILWAY AND ROAD
CARRIAGES, AND OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
Instead of the present plan of making a metal vessel to hold hot water and
sinking the same into the floor of the carriage, I propose to make a sack or
cylinder-shaped bag or vessel of vulcanized india-rubber, waterproof cloth,
or any elastic material capable of containing water at a temperature of 212
degrees Fahrenheit, and subject to about ten pounds pressure. I make this
vessel closed at one end, and at the other end I fix a tap or funnel with a
screw valve or other convenient contrivance, through which I pass the hot
water, hot sand, or any heating substance, and when the vessel is full I stop
the tap or funnel with the said screw valve for the purpose, and encase the
vessel thus filled with a casing or covering, made of cloth or any suitable
material, and then put it into the carriage, which will serve both as a warmer
and a footstool, and if the passengers do not require it for either of the said

page_text: purposes they can remove it under the seat out of the way. I make this
warmer of any convenient length, so as to serve one, two, or more persons, as
may be required; and I propose to apply it to other purposes as well as for
public and private carriages or vehicles, it being evident that it is applicable
to many domestic purposes, for invalids, for places of worship, &c. &c.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alexander Hutton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
12th May 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALEXANDER
HUTTON, of Ardwick, near Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Gentle-
man, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Alexander Hutton, Her special licence that I, the said Alexander Hutton, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Alexander
Hutton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during tho
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, tho Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "An IMPROVED WARMING APPARATUS,
APPLICABLE TO RAILWAY AND ROAD CARRIAGES, AND OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Alexander Hutton, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alexander Hutton, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to bo
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):
Instead of the present plan of making a metal vessel to hold water and
sinking the samic into the floor of the carriage or otherwise, I make a bag
or vessel of vulcanised india-rubber, waterproof clotb, or any other suitable]

page_text: material capable of containing water or other fluid at a temperature of 212
degrees Fahrenheit, and of sustaining a pressure of about 15 lbs. per square
inch or upwards. I make this bag or vessel closed at one end, and at the
other end I fix a tap or valve with a screw plug or other convenient con-
trivance, through which valve I pass hot water, hot sand, or any other heating
substance or fluid, and when the bag or vessel is full I secure the tap or valve
with the screw plug already referred to. The bag or vessel thus filled I
enclose in a casing or covering made of cloth or any other suitable material;
or the said casing may be made partly of wood or metal and partly of cloth,
the apparatus so prepared serving both as a warmer and a footstool, and if
the passengers do not require it for either of the said purposes it can be easily
removed. I make this warmer of any convenient length, so as to serve one,
two, or more persons; and I propose to apply it to other purposes as well as
for public or private carriages or vehicles, it being evident that it is applicable
for places of worship, &c. &c.
Having thus fully described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be distinctly
understood that I do not confine myself to any particular size or shape of the
said apparatus; but I claim as my Invention, and which, to the best of my
knowledge and belief, has not been hitherto used within the realm, the manu-
facture or construction of bags or vessels of vulcanised india-rubber, water-
proof cloth, or other suitable material capable of containing water or other
fluid at a temperature of 212 degrees Fahrenheit, and of sustaining a pressure
of about 15 lbs. per square inch or upwards, the said apparatus being appli-
cable as a warmer or footstool for carriages, places of worship, and other
similar purposes.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexauder Hutton, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of May, in the year of our Lord
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named Alexander Hutton, in the presence
of
E. J. Huones, Patent Agent,
Manchester.
ALEX HUTTON. (L.S.)