IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WIRE CLOTH OR GAUZE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES."
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Hodgson, of the Firm of Hodgson,
Stonier, and Company, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF WIRE CLOTH OR GAUZE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER AND OTHER
SIMILAR PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Hodgson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 10th June 1869.
.I, THOMAS HODGSON, of the Firm of Hodgson, Stonier, and Company,
of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
WIRE CLOTH OR GAUZE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER AND OTHER SIMILAR
PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to make from any ordinary diameter
or number of wire a cloth or gauze much stronger than is at present
obtained. For this purpose I use double wires for the warp and single
wires for the weft, or double wires both for warp and weft, each

page_text: double wire of the warp passing through a single eye of the healds,
and when the weft is double the two wires run close together.
The cloth or gauze woven with double wires is well adapted for paper
machines, as the strength is so much increased as to prevent the
breakages which occur with the single wire cloth.
SPECIFICATION filed in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, and of an Order of the Lord Chancellor, by the said Thomas
Hodgson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th January 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
HODGSON, of the Firm of Hodgson, Stonier, and Company, of the City
of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-second
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Thomas Hodgson, Her special licence that I,
the said Thomas Hodgson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Thomas Hodgson, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WIRE
CLOTH OR GAUZE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER AND OTHER SIMILAR
PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas
Hodgson, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed.
in the Great Seal Patent Office within seven calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Hodgson, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, (that is to say) :-

page_text: This Invention relates to the production of wire cloth of a character
that has not been hitherto manufactured, and which is especially suit-
able for the purposes of paper makers and other like purposes, as it
remedies the defects that have previously existed in wire cloth that
has been. hitherto so employed. Such cloth as hitherto made is liable
to break, especially when strained laterally. This defect I have suc-
ceeded in obviating in my new cloth, which has the requisite flexibility
and at the same time sufficient strength to resist successfully the ordinary
longitudinal and lateral strains to which such wire cloth is subjected
in ordinary use. For this purpose I use double wires for the warp and
single wires for the weft, or double wires may be used both for warp
and weft. Each of the double wires of the warp is passed through a
single eye of the healds, so that the two warp wires lie close together in
the woven cloth, and when the weft is double the two wires run close
together.
The cloth woven with double warp wires is well adapted for paper
machines, as the strength is so much increased as to prevent the break-
ages which occur with the single wire cloth.
When a cloth made with single wire warp is used and a cross strain is
put upon the cloth the warp wire is found to be compressed on one side
and extended on the other side; opposing strains are thus put upon the
same wire, which may be regarded as a long cylinder, and the wire gives
way under the antagonism of the opposing strains.
When two warp wires are used side by side the action of the opposing
strains is divided and chiefly falls on the separate wires, which thus
better resist the strain, and so the fracture or rending of the cloth is
avoided.
Again, it will be seen that a greater number of wires can be worked
into a square inch of my cloth than into a square inch of the ordinary
single warp wire cloth, thus greatly adding to its strength and enabling
it to resist both longitudinal and lateral strains.
The mode in which I carry out my Invention and produce my new.
wire cloth will be understood by the following statement, reference being.
had to the accompanying weavers' Diagrams, marked Nos. 1 and 2..
In producing my improved cloth according to No.1, I use double
wires laid close together for the warp, and single wires: for the weft.
Each double wire of the warp passes through a single eye of the healds

page_text: and a single space in the reed, as shewn in the Diagram No. 1, in which
each long wire of the warp represents a wire, and each short diagonal
line an eye of the healds, there being two single leaves of healds and
two treadles, and the double wires for the warp move up and down
alternately
In producing my improved cloth according to No. 2 I use double wires
as before for the warp and also for the weft. The warp wires pass as
before through a single eye of the healds and a single space in the
reed, as shewn in the Diagram No. 2; the double wires of the weft run
close together, and the double wires for the warp moving up and down
alternately
The cloth, or gauze woven with warp of double wires and weft of
single wires or with warp and also weft of double wires is well adapted 1

page_text: for use upon paper-making machines, as the strength is so much increased
that it effectually bears the strain longitudinally, and also prevents any
breaking, cracking, or rending laterally.
I do not make any claim to the use of the mechanism above referred
to, which is of the ordinary kind, apart from its use in the production of
my improved wire cloth; but what I claim is, the manufacture of my
improved wire cloth woven with double warp wires and with single or
double weft wires, as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Hodgson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of January One thousand
eight hundred and seventy.
THOMAS HODGSON. (L.S.)