IMPROVEMENTS IN SCOURING OR CLEANSING WOOLLEN, WORSTED, AND COTTON FABRICS AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Walter Taylor, of Newsome, near Hudders-
field, in the County of York, Manufacturer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SCOURING OR CLEANSING WOOLLEN, WORSTED, AND COTTON
FABRICS AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS
EMPLOYED THEREIN."
Sealed the 24th April 1863, and dated the 1st November 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Walter Taylor
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 1st November 1862.
I, JOSEPH WALTER TAYLOR, of Newsome, near Huddersfield, in the County
of York, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention.
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SCOURING OR CLEANSING WOOLLEN, WORSTED, AND COTTON
FABRICS AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS
EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows:-
The fabrics or other fibrous materials to be scoured or cleansed are as they
pass from wash liquor conducted between a pair or pairs of rollers covered
with prepared india-rubber, by which such rollers will effect an elastic
pressure. The fabric or other fibrous material is, by preference, conducted
open between these rollers, and I force. the washing fluid or water, or washing
fluid and then. water on to the fabric or other fibrous material before it enters
between such rollers.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joseph Walter Taylor in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 1st May 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
WALTER TAYLOR, of Newsome, near Huddersfield, in the County of York,
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Joseph Walter Taylor, Her special licence that I, the said Joseph
Walter Taylor, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Joseph Walter Taylor, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN SCOURING OR CLEANSING WOOLLEN, WORSTED, AND. COTTON
FABRICS AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS
EMPLOYED THEREIN," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Joseph
Walter Taylor, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
66
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Walter Taylor, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The fabrics or other fibrous materials to be scoured or cleansed are, as they
pass from wash liquor conducted between a pair or pairs of rollers covered
with prepared india-rubber by which such rollers will effect an elastic
pressure. The fabric or other fibrous material is, by preference, conducted
open first alternately through wash fluid and between these rollers until the
dirt or other matter to be removed has been well loosened, and then I force
clean water in streams or jets on to the fabric or other fibrous material, and

page_text: again pass it between such elastic pressure rollers by which the scouring or
cleansing will be fully effected.
But that my improvements may be better understood, I will proceed to
describe the Drawing annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 shows a front view, and Figure 2 a side view of apparatus
arranged according to my Invention, and adapted to the scouring and
cleansing of fabrics in open widths. In each of the Figures the same letters
indicate corresponding parts.
a, a, shows the main framing; b, a trough in which is first placed the
washing liquid to be used in effecting the scouring of the fabrics or materials
to be operated upon; such wash liquid may be fed into this trough in any
suitable manner, and when done with, may be allowed to flow away by a tap
or other outlet near the bottom thereof; c, c, are pressure or squeezing rollers,
the surfaces of which are formed of india-rubber tubes or cylinders prepared
as is well understood, so that it may remain at all times at about the same
degree of elasticity. Each of such cylinders is supported upon a core or shaft
of wood or metal indicated by dotted lines, such cores or shafts having each
a projecting ring or flange c', against which one end of the cylinder of india-
rubber rests, whilst the other end thereof is pressed on and retained in position
by screw nuts c, c; these rollers c, c, are affixed to axes d, d, which are sup-
ported in bearings carried by the main framing, and have applied to them
pinions d', d', by which they are controlled to move together, whilst upon the
lower axis d there is also affixed the toothed wheel e, the teeth of which are
taken into by the teeth of the pinion f upon the axis f¹, upon which are also
affixed the pulleys g, g, to receive bands or straps from a steam engine or other
power in order to give motion to the rollers c, c.
The fabric to be scoured or cleansed having been placed in the scouring
liquid in the trough b, one end of it is then passed over the guide roller h, thence
between the elastic rollers c, c, and the rollers c, c, being set in motion, the
fabric is gradually drawn out of the trough on one side of the rollers c, c, and
allowed to fall into it again on the other side of them, and this operation may,
if desired, be repeated several times. The dotted lines i, i, show another
trough within the trough and under the rollers c, c, for the purpose of
catching the liquids squeezed out by the action of those rollers, and to prevent
its return into the trough b, if desired; this trough i is provided with an
outlet to carry off the liquid contained therein.
When the fabric has been operated upon sufficiently by the wash liquid,

page_text: such liquid is removed from the trough 6 in order to the fabric being cleansed
by the action thereon of clear water in the following manner:- is a cold
water pipe, having a cock or tap to regulate the amount passed through that
pipe, or to shut off the passage altogether, and k is a similar hot water pipe.
Both these pipes j and k are supplied from cisterns placed above, or are
otherwise fed, so that the water flowing through them may be under pressure,
and they open into the closed vessel, which is divided at its upper part into
two chambers 1 and 2 by the partition . The combined hot and cold water
passes from the vessel 7 by a passage m to the perforated copper pipe m¹,
which is in such a position as to cause water passing out through the per-
forations thereof to flow on to the fabric, which having been again placed, in
the cistern 6, is now conducted up over the guide roller h, and between the
elastic rollers c, c, and thence between the metal rollers n, n, the upper of
which is acted upon by spring pressure, and on to the roller o, which supports
and by its revolution gives motion to the roller p, upon which the fabric is
wound. The rollers h, n, and o, receive motion by bands from the axis of the
lower roller c, or by other suitable means. It will thus be seen, that after
the fabric has passed through the scouring or wash liquid in the trough b, the
hot or cold water is forced through the pipe m on to the fabric or material
under operation in its passage to the rollers c, c. The water and other fluid
matter now squeezed out by the rollers c, c, will be caught by the trough
and thus be prevented from mixing with that in the trough b. By applying
the pipe m to the chamber 1 of the vessel 1, the hot water is controlled to pass
under the partition 1, and there to meet the cold water flowing out from the
turned down end of the pipe j, and become well mixed before passing to the
pipe m'.
When starch or other stiffening matter is required to be applied to
the fabric after the scouring and cleansing, this may be effected by placing
the stiffening matter in a trough or reservoir q, q, and allowing it to flow
therefrom by suitable taps or passages r, r, on to the fabric as it passes to the
rollers c, c. I do not, however, claim the application of stiffening material as
a part of my Invention.
When the fibrous materials to be scoured and cleansed are unwoven (or if
woven they are passed between the squeezing rollers c in coils) then I prefer
to form the rollers, as shown by the front view of a pair of them separately at
Figure 3, and a separate sectional view, Figure 4, and end view, Figure 5.
In this case the core of each rolling surface is formed in two parts 1, 2, and
conical, whilst the internal surface of the india-rubber coating is formed of
corresponding cones, by which increased elastic substance is obtained in the

page_text: centre, and the pairs of cones 1, 2, are capable of being pressed one towards
the other by screws and nuts 3, 3.
Having thus described my said Invention, and means which I adopt in
carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that I do not
confine myself to the precise details shown and described; but what I do
claim is the adaptation or combination of means and mode of working for
scouring or cleansing woollen, worsted, or cotton fabrics and other fibrous
materials, substantially as explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Walter Taylor, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of April, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
JOSEPH WALTER TAYLOR. (L.S.)