Improvements in the Construction of Dynamo-electric Machines and Electro-motors.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of: Application, 5th Feb., 1897
Complete Specification Left. 5th Dec., 1896-Accepted. 30th Jan., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Dynamo-electric Machines and
Electro-motors.
I EDMUND SCOTT GUSTAVE REES of Thomas Parker Limited Wolverhampton in
the County of Stafford, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object:-To improve the manufacture of two pole
dynamo-electric machines and electric-motors of the "ironclad" and "enclosed "
type in which the armature and polepieces stand above or ontward from the magnet
coils and to facilitate the inspection and the removal of the armature and of the
magnet coils.
According to this invention the type of electro-magnet employed is that in which
the magnet coil or coils are placed round only one magnet limb, the centre line of
which (taken in a plane parallel to a plane of rotation) is radial to the centre of the
armature shaft, the upper or outer end of this limb, next to the armature being
attached to one pole piece and the magnetic circuit being extended symetrically on
two opposite sides of the magnet winding, passing the armature at a sufficient
distance to prevent undue magnetic leakage and meeting on the upper or outer side
of the armature to form the other pole piece, and, this improvement consists in
making this upper or outer pole piece hinged in such a manner that it may be turned
back on its hinges to expose the upper or onter portion of the armature and thus
allow the armature to be readily inspected and, if desired, lifted out of its bearings
and removed from the machine.
The upper or outer pole piece may be in the form of a removeable lid but the
hinged form is preferred.
When it is necessary to completely enclose the armature and field coil or coils the
part of the magnetic circuit on the outside of the magnet winding is extended, to
form a case, round the ends of the machine and to a line preferably in the same plane
with the upper or outer end of the central magnet limb. These portions of the case
may be cast in one piece with the central magnet limb and sides, or they may be
separate pieces of any suitable material, bolted on to the same by means of flanges
or projections.
The upper or outer portion of the case is bolted on to the portion carrying the
magnet coil or coils and has the bearings attached to the end pieces, with the pole
piece hinged as described above and both ends, or the end covering the commutator
covered by a hinged lid turning back in the same way as the pole piece so that when
all the lids are thrown back or removed the armature may be lifted out or inspected.
The central magnet limb, sides, ends, and bearings may be cast in one piece,
the upper or outer pole piece and the portions on each end of this being hinged
as above.
Dated this 4th day of February 1896.
"
EDMUND S. G. REES.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Dynamo-electric Machines and
Electro-motors.
.
I, EDMUND SCOTT GUSTAVE REES, of Thomas Parker, Limited, Wolverhampton
in the County of Stafford, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object certain improvements in the constraction of two-
pole dynamo-electric machines and electro-motors of the "ironclad" and "enclosed"
types, in which the armature and pole-pieces stand above or outward from the
magnet coil or coile, with a view to facilitating the inspection and the removal of the
armature and the inspection of the magnet coil or coils.
According to this invention, the type of electro-magnet employed is that in which
the magnet coil or coils is or are placed around a single magnet limb only, the centre
line of which is at right angles and radial to the axis of the armature shaft, and the
upper or outer end of which is formed into or carries one of the pole-pieces, the
magnetic circuit being extended symmetrically on two opposite sides of the coil or coils,
and passing the armature at a sufficient distance to prevent undue magnetic leakage,
and meeting on the upper or outer side of the armature where it forms the other
pole-piece.
When the machine or motor, as the case may be, is not required to have the
armature and field coil or coils completely enclosed, this invention consists simply in
hinging the upper or outer pole-piece in such manner that it may be readily turned
back to expose the upper or outer portion of the armature and thus allow the
armature to be readily inspected and, if desired, lifted out of its bearings and
removed from the machine, or in making such pole-piece readily detachable from the
remainder of the magnet system, so that it may be entirely removed for the same
purpose. When the armature has been removed, the magnet coil or coils may, of
course, be readily inspected.
When, however, it is required that the armature and field coil or coils shail be
completely enclosed, the part of the magnet circuit on the outside of the magnet
winding is extended to form a case round the ends of the machine to the height,
preferably, of the upper or outer end of the central magnet limb, such case being
either cast together with the magnet circuit or with portions thereof, or being
formed in separate pieces which are bolted thereto; and an upper or outer case is
bolted to the lower or inner portion, and may itself be cast with a portion of the
magnet circuit or be bolted thereto; or, if desired, the entire case, with the exception
of the covers hereinafter described, may be cast together with the magnet circuit or
with portions thereof, or may be cast in portions which are bolted to the magnet
circuit. Provision is made in the ends of the case for the passage of the armature
shaft therethrough and for supporting the shaft. The upper or outer pole-piece is
hinged in the manner above described, or is otherwise made readily detachable from
the magnet system, and the top or front of the case at each end of such pole-piece is
formed as a cover which may be hinged so that it may be opened back, or may be
made readily removable from the case. It is desirable that the cover which is over, or
in front of, the commutator, shall be capable of being turned back or removed inde-
pendently of the upper or outer pole-piece, so that access may be obtained to the
commutator and brushes without interfering with the pole-piece; but the cover at the
other end of the pole-piece may, if desired, be formed with or fixed to the pole-piece
so that it will be opened back or removed together therewith. Both the covers may,
however, be formed with, or fixed to, the pole-piece, if desired. Gaps are formed in
the ends of the case from the top or outer edge thereof downwards, through which the

page_text: armature shaft may be drawn up or out in removing the armature from the machine
or motor, ani these gaps are closed by downward or backward portions of the covers.
which are used to close in the top or front of the case.
In order that the invention may be clearly understood in its application to
dynamo-electric machine or electro-motor, both of the "ironclad" and "enclosed".
types in which the arinature and pole-pieces stand above or outward from the
magnet coil or coils, I will proceed to describe it with reference to the accom-
panying drawings, of which Figure 1 is a part longitudinal section, and part side
elevation, of an enclosed type of dynamo electric machine or electro motor having.
the invention applied thereto; Figure 2 is a part transverse section, and part ond
elevation of such machine or motor; and Figure 3 is a detached view showing an
arrangement of divided upper pole-piece which may be adopted in the case of
large machines and motors."
The electro magnet consists of a single magnet limb A, around which is placed a
coil or coils a. The upper end of the magnet A carries the lower pole-piece B.
The connection between the magnet limb A and the upper pole-piece is through
pillars or arms D), which pass on opposite sides of the armature at a sufficient distance
therefrom to prevent undue magnetic leakage. The upper or outer ends of tho
arms D carry the upper or outer pole-piece C, and this pole-piece is hinged to
the end of one of the pillars or arms D so that it may be turned back clear of the
armature J, or is made to be entirely removable from the ends of the pillars.
A case E F E F is formed to extend from each side of the pillars or arms D to
complete the closing in of the armature J and coil or coils a, and this case is formed
with ends ej. The portion F F1 of the case, which closes in the commutator, is
covered by means of a hinged or removable cover G, and the portion E E¹ of the
case is covered by a hinged or removable cover H, and the covers G and H are
formed with portions g and A, respectively, which close in gaps, formed in the ends
of the case, through which the shaft is passed in putting it into place and removing
it from its bearings. The pole-piece C is shewn to be partially raised and one of the
covers G H to be turned into its vertical or outward position, by broken lines
Figure 2. It will be seen that when the pole-piece C and covers G and H are
turned back or removed the armature may be readily inspected, and, if necessary,
removed by lifting it out through the top of the case, and the coil or coils a may be
readily inspected after the armature has been removed. In removing the armature,
it is drawn out between the upper ends of the pillars or arms D, such ends being
spaced apart sufficiently to allow thereof; and these pillars may be spaced sufficiently
apart, also, at their upper ends, if desired, to allow of the coil or coils a being passed
between such ends in removing such coil or coils. When the pole-piece C is closed
in, it is fastened to the ends of the pillars or arins D by means of eye-bolts, such as b.
When the machine or motor is not of the "enclosed" type, that is to say, when the
case E F E F is not used, the covers G H are of course dispensed with, and the
armature may be inspected and if necessary removed when the pole-piece C has
been turned back or removed.
In the case of large machines in which the upper pole-piece C is very heavy, it
may be divided into two portions which are hinged, respectively, to the upper ends of
the pillars or armis D, as shewn by Figure 8. In this view, the two portions of the
pole-piece are shewn, by broken lines, as having been turned into their vertical or
outward position.
The outer portions of the pillars or arms D of the magnet circuit are shewn, by
Figure 2, as divided from the lower portions at the level or distance of the upper
end of the magnet limb A, and the lower portion EF of the case is shewn as if
formed in one piece with the lower portions of the pillars or arms D, and the upper
portion E F of the case is shewn as if formed in one piece with the upper portions of
such pillars or arms. This is a convenient form of construction as enabling the
magnet coil or coils to be readily removed, by first removing the upper portions of
the pillars and the upper portion of the case, but is not at all essential; and the
pillars or arms D may be similarly divided in their length, for the corresponding

page_text: purpose, in the case of a machine or motor of the same type which is not
" enclosed."
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a two-pole dynamo-electric machine or electro-motor of the "ironclad " or
"enclosed" type, having a magnet system of the type above described, an upper or
outer pole-piece forming a hinged portion of the magnet system, or being a readily
removable portion of such system, so that it may be turned back for the inspection or
removal of the armature, or may be readily removed for such purpose, substantially as
described.
2. In a two-pole dynamo-electric machine or electro-motor of the "ironclad " type,
having a magnet system of the type above described and provided with a case to
completely enclose the magnet coil or coils and armature, an upper or outer pole-
piece forming a hinged portion of the magnet system, or being a readily removable
portion of such system, in combination with hinged or removable covers to the case
(one, or both, of which may be formed with or fixed to the hinged or removable pole-
piece) so that the pole-piece and case may be opened for inspection and removal of
the armature, substantially as described.
Dated this 2nd day of December 1896.
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Wolverhampton, Agent for the Applicant.