Improvements in and connected with Apparatus for Burning Hydro- carbon or other Oils for Heating and Lighting Purposes.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Jan., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 16th Oct., 1891-Accepted, 16th Jan., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Apparatus for Burning Hydro-
carbon or other Oils for Heating and Lighting Purposes.
I, GEORGE ROSE of 105 Bishop Street, Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to apparatus for burning hydro-carbon or other oils
in the form of spray or vapour for heating, lighting and other purposes. The
improvements are mainly applicable to that class of apparatus wherein steam,
generated from water supplied to a coil pipe or chamber heated by the flame or
flames, is used to spray the oil or oil vapour in the burner or combustion box.
The apparatus consists of a single tank divided by a partition into compartments
for oil and water, or of two tanks one for oil and one for water, either bolted or
fitted together or separate; or of an oil tank having a water jacket or pocket or
equivalent. From the oil compartment or tank a pipe is led to the burner which
may be of any suitable construction. From the water compartment a pipe is led
to a steam generating coil, annular or other chamber or boiler heated by the flame
issuing from the burner or burners. From the steam generator the steam is con-
ducted to the burner to spray the oil. There is also connected to the burner or
generator a pressure pipe which conducts steam to the water tank to heat the water
in said tank and also to produce and maintain a pressure therein. The pressure
pipe may have a controlling cock or valve on it.
The steam generator, if a chamber, may have a coil pipe attached to it or it
may be provided with projecting or cross tubes or equivalent which are played
upon and heated by the flame. In the case of a small boiler being used it may be
oblong with a concaved part at its underside along which the flame or flames pass.
To facilitate the starting of the apparatus a small water tank or reservoir may
be so fitted to the main apparatus or to the furnace or boiler to be heated that a
small supply of water can be supplied to the generator by gravitation, which
being quickly evaporated by means of naphtha waste or by a fire or otherwise,
generates sufficient steam to start the flame and supply pressure to the water tank.
The small reservoir would be connected by a pipe or equivalent with the water
tank and the generator.
The boiler or generator may be supported on a stand tube which communicates
with the water tank or reservoir which latter is closed and has preferably a safety
valve on it. Projecting up into the steam space of the boiler is a pipe which is led
down to the top of the stand tube or to the water tank and conducts steam thereto.
There is also preferably fitted in or to the stand tube a small pipe which, at one
end, communicates with the boiler, and, at the other end, with the bottom of the
water tank-this latter pipe is for supplying water to the boiler. A filling tube,
closed with a plug or equivalent is also fitted in connection with the water tank.
The burner may have an oil pan or reservoir fitted with a cap or cowl, the oil in
which when lit will give off vapour, said vapour being sprayed by the steam jet
from the burner. A controlling float valve may be fitted in conjunction with the
oil tank or supply pipe for regulating and controlling the oil supply.
When the apparatus is fitted to a portable or other furnace or boiler the com-
bined oil and water tank may be made with two horizontal partitions having a
small air space between them. The lower partition may constitute the top of the
water compartment, and the upper the bottom of the oil compartment. The tank
may sit on top of the furnace so as to receive heat therefrom. Two tanks may be
fitted one on top of the other with an air space between them, if so desired. The

page_text: water tank may have a downward projection or part which descends into the
furnace or into the fire box or flue of the boiler and is thus heated.
The burner is preferably surrounded by a sheet metal cone to keep in the heat
and the hole or opening for the flame in the furnace or fire box may be made
of a single large brick with a central hole in it through which the flame passes.
When a coil generator is used the brick may be flanged on its outer surface so as
to protect the coil or chamber from the intense heat of the flame.
A cast iron flanged-ring, casing, or its equivalent, may be used to protect the
coil or chamber instead of a flanged brick as hereinbefore described. The flanged
ring would be preferably used for boilers and the like as it could be easily screwed
or bolted in position.
When two or more flames are used the water reservoirs may be fitted saddle-wise
to each side of the oil tank.
The apparatus may be used for creating a draught in the flues of cupolas, steam
boilers etc. In this case the generating coil or chamber is or may be fitted in the
flue and be at first heated by a spray flame or by a small fire contained in a box
under or in the flue. The steam escaping from the nozzle or burner would create
a strong draught. In the case of a cupola the hearth may be movable by means
of a screw arrangement so that by raising or lowering it the induced draught in
the flue can be regulated. Holes with a sliding cover or plate may however be
used in lieu of lifting and lowering the hearth.
In a plate, rivet smelting or similar furnace the furnace may be made double
with two heating compartments, one above the other. The flame may be caused to
traverse the lower compartment and be then turned back to pass through the other
before reaching the flue. Burners may be fitted in the upper compartment as well,
if so desired.
The apparatus is specially applicable for heating smelting and other furnaces,
for firing steam boilers and for heating glass workers furnaces.
used for lighting purposes.
Dated this 15th day of Januar
It may also be
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Apparatus for Burning Hydro-
carbon or other Oils for Heating and Lighting Purposes.
I, GEORGE ROSE of 105 Bishop Street Glasgow, Lanarkshire Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to apparatus for burning hydro-carbon or other oils in the
form of spray or vapour for heating, lighting and other purposes.
The improvements constituting the present invention, are a further development
of the invention described in my prior Patent No. 18,101 of 1889.
And in order that my said invention may be properly understood, I have here-
unto appended an explanatory sheet of drawings, whereon:-
Fig. 1 shows in side elevation a rivet heating furnace with my improvements
applied thereto.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section of a steam generator, with stand pipe and oil tank
combined.
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of a furnace.
Fig. 4 is a front elevation of a cupola.
Fig. 5 is a part section of a furnace, with my appliance fitted thereon
Figs. 6 and 7 are views of boilers or generators.
Fig. 8 is a view of cowl-shaped steam generator,

page_text: Figs. 9, 10 and 11, are respectively front view, side view and vertical section of
a brick for protecting and supporting self-generating coils for furnaces.
Figs. 12 and 13 are front and side views respectively, of a cast iron plate for the
same purpose.
Referring to the drawings, whereon the same reference letters, wherever repeated,
indicate similar or like parts.
My prior Patent No. 18,1010 aforesaid, refers mainly to an improved form of
self-generating steam lamp, which automatically raises and maintains a pressure
in the water tank, thereby obviating the necessity for using a pump for this
purpose.
The present invention relates mainly to the application of this automatic
apparatus to furnaces, boilers etc. and to certain other improvements.
Fig. 1 shows a rivet heating furnace A, which may run on wheels B or be
fixed as desired. The furnace has fitted on its top, the automatic heating
apparatus, described in my prior Patent No. 18,101, with alterations to adapt
it to the furnace. It consists of a tank C, divided into two compartments by a
horizontal partition D. The upper compartment is for oil and the lower compart-
ment is for water. F is the oil pipe leading to the burner F which may be of
any suitable construction. G is the water pipe leading to the steam generating
coil, indicated in dotted lines, as within the surrounding casing H. E is a pressure
pipe, leading steam from the coil to the water compartment of the tank C, so
as to maintain a pressure therein. I is the usual filling plug. J is a small
shoot for filling in rivets to the furnace. J¹ is the funnel broken off. A furnace
of this construction is self-contained and automatic in its action when once
started.
Fig. 2 shows an annular steam generating chamber K, through which the flame,
from any suitable liquid fuel burner B2, plays. The chamber K is screwed on the
top of a solid piece K³, which in its turn is screwed into a stand tube K³, fitted on
the water tank K³. The solid piece K¹ is bored with two channels K³, K. In the
channel K is screwed a small pipe K', which projects upwards into the steam space
of the generator. In the channel K is screwed another pipe K³, which extends
downwards into the water tank K. A little nipple L is used for reducing the
opening of the channel K in relation to the channel K; or the channel K may be
made smaller in diameter than the channel K for the same purpose. L' is a circular
dish for containing naphtha for heating up the chamber K, when starting the
apparatus. L' is a filling pipe for the tank K. L is a safety valve and
whistle. With this apparatus, water is forced up from the tank K³ and stand
tube K to the generating chamber, when the apparatus is in operation. The
steam passes down the pipe K' and, by its pressure on the surface of the water
in the stand tube, forces a supply of water up the pipe K8; the amount of
inflow of the water into the generator, is regulated by the size of the nipple L,
the opening in which, of course, must be smaller in diameter than the internal
diameter of the pipe K'.
For supplying a little water to the generator, when the apparatus is being
started, a vessel L' is fitted on top of the generator. The vessel is filled with
water by the plug L'. By opening the valve or cock L', water from the vessel L³
can be run into the generator K. The valve L' is then shut off and the generator
heated by naphtha saturated waste, placed in the dish L'. The vessel L³ may be
of any convenient size and shape. In the case of furnaces, it may be fitted on the
top and a pipe connection led to the generating coil or chamber of the heater.
The furnace at Fig. 3 is fitted with liquid fuel burners, the same as at Fig. 1.
The flames from the burners may be made to play into the furnace at M and M¹
or at M aloue, in which case the opening M would be closed. M² is the funnel
broken off. M³ is a horizontal brick or other partition with a flame passage M* in
it. With a furnace of this construction, having double chambers, a great heat can
be maintained with the two flames.
The cupola represented at Fig. 4 has a forced draught created in it by means of

page_text: a steam jet, playing in the flue N. The steam for the jet is derived from one of
the self-generating appliances as described in my prior Patent No. 18,1018;
No represents the steam generating appliances from which a pipe N¹ is led to the
flue N of the cupola. No is the steam jet orifice. N' are connections leading to
the flue. N is a platform. N is a ring, passing round the cupola and having
holes in it, which may be made to come opposite or not, holes in the cupola, so as
to regulate the draught thereto, on the principle of the "hit and miss" grating.
No are handles for turning round the ring. N are the holes in the ring. N' is
the usual delivery spout. By using the ring N in combination with the steam
jet, the draught to the cupola can be regulated to a nicety. The use of the self-
generating steam jet appliance, obviates the necessity for expensive blowers
or fans.
The appliance shown at Fig. 5, as fitted to the furnace O, is similar in its con-
struction and action to that at Fig. 1, except that there is an additional pipe
connection O' from the steam space of the water compartment of the tank C.
This pipe O¹ terminates in a delivery nozzle 0%, through which a jet of steam
issues and plays into the interior of the furnace, along with the liquid fuel flame
from the burner O³. O is a pipe with a cock O' on it, for supplying water, to the
water compartment of the tank C, from the main. O is a water gauge.
Instead of having the compartments in the tanks C separated by a horizontal
division, they may be separated by a vertical one, or the tank C may be used
exclusively for oil and have a small water tank fitted in it, as indicated in dotted
lines at Figs. 1 and 5.
The boiler or generator Fig. 6, is made semi-circular at its underside, through
which the flame plays. It may be embedded in the roof of the furnace or carried
above the burner, as desired.
Fig. 7 shows a different construction of boiler or generator, with hollow pro-
jections P, which extend into and are played upon by the liquid fuel flame. The
dotted line P¹ represents the water level in the boiler.
In Fig. 8 a steam generator of cowl or hood shape is shown.
It may be used
where the flame is to be directed horizontally into a furnace. Q₁is the water and
steam space. Qis the flame outlet. Q3 is the oil well. G is the water pipe and
F the oil pipe. Q₁ is an air inlet. Q5 is a tray for catching any oil that may be
spilled out of the well. Q6 is the steam pipe for spraying the oil vapour. The
parts of the generator may be rivetted or welded together. The oil in the
well Q³is ignited and the steam issuing from the nipple sprays the vapour given
off by the burning oil. The flame passing vertically up through the boiler, is
deflected or turned unto a horizontal direction, so as to play into a furnace, by
means of the bent cap or cowl part at Q.
The brick shown at Figs. 9, 10 and 11, is made with a central opening R for the
flame and has a groove R' in it for supporting and protecting the end of the
generating coil pipe R. The brick is built into the furnace in any ordinary
manner.
The plate, Figs. 12 and 13, is made with a flange S¹, upon which the end of the
coil R² rests. R is the opening for the flame to the furnace.
The apparatus is specially applicable for heating, smelting and other furnaces,
for firing steam boilers and for heating glass workers furnaces. It may also be
used for lighting purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The steam generating and water feeding apparatus, substantially as herein-
before described with reference to Fig. 2 of the annexed drawings.
2. The construction of steam generator for oil spray lamps or heaters, sub-
stantially as herein before described with reference to Figs. 6 and 7 of the annexed
drawings.

page_text: 3. The improved construction of brick R', substantially as and for the purpose
hereinbefore set forth.
4. The plate S, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.
5. The cowl-shaped generator, substantially as herein before described with
reference to Fig. 8 of the annexed drawings.
6. Creating a draught in cupolas by means of my self-generating steam appliance
and regulating the draught by a "hit and miss" ring or grating, substantially as
herein before set forth with reference to Fig. 4 of the drawings aunexed.
Dated this 28th day of November 1891.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.