Improvements in Internal Combustion Motors.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Internal Combustion Motors.
We, WILLIAM JOHN CROSSLEY, of Crossley Brothers Limited, Openshaw,
Manchester, and JAMES ATKINSON, of The Woodlands, Marple, Cheshire,
Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to cool the highly heated parts of internal com-
bustion motors which are not conveniently cooled by means of a water jacket,
by the use of jets of air. It is applicable chiefly to the end of the piston which
is exposed to the heat of the combustion of the ignited charges and to the
head of the exhaust valve, these being moving parts not conveniently cooled
by means of water, nor requiring to be cooled to the extent possible by means
of water, a more moderate degree of cooling being advantageous and sufficient.
In carrying out this invention a suitable method of moving the cooling air
is to employ a fan or blower driven by the engine itself, suitable conducting pipes
and guiding channels convey the cooling air so as to deliver some of it against
the end of the single acting piston commonly used in this type of motor.
Another portion of the cooling air can be delivered by means of an internal
pipe to the inside of the head of the exhaust valve, the internal pipe being a
fixture and the stem of the valve being hollow to accomodate the pipe and to
provide an outlet for the return heated air. Other portions may be delivered
to other valves or parts requiring cooling.
Instead of using a fan or blower, an air compressor working at a considerable
pressure may be used so that a considerable weight of air may be conveyed by
a small pipe to, say, the exhaust valve. Also a jet of air under considerable pres-
sure could be conveniently used to induce the flow of a greater volume of air to
the end of the piston. By this method only small air distributing pipes are
required.
01
1000
We, WILLIAM JOHN CROSSLEY, of Crossley Brothers Limited, Openshaw,
Manchester, and JAMES ATKINSON, of The Woodlands, Marple, Cheshire,
Engineers do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:--
The object of this invention is to cool the highly heated parts of internal com-
bustion motors which are not conveniently cooled by means of a water jacket,
by the use of jets of air. It is applicable chiefly to the end of the piston which

page_text: is exposed to the heat of the combustion of the ignited charges and to the
head of the exhaust valve, these being moving parts not conveniently cooled
by means of water, nor requiring to be cooled to the extent possible by means
of water, a more moderate degree of cooling being advantageous and sufficient.
To enable this invention to be clearly understood we append a drawing of
the longitudinal section of a gas engine cylinder showing the improvements
attached thereto.
fan
A suitable method of moving the cooling air is to employ any
ordinary type of fan or blower driven by the engine itself. The
is not shown in the drawing. Air delivered by the fan is
conducted by the pipe a to the inner end of the piston ba channel c guiding
it to a chamber d in the piston. The air is heated by contact with the hot end
plate e of the piston band passes away through the upper channel f after
having cooled the hot end plate of the piston to a sufficient extent. Gills g may
be cast on the end plate e as shown.
Another portion of the cooling air may be conducted by means of the internal
fixed pipe to the inside of the exhaust valve the steni and head of the valve
being cast hollow to accommodate the pipe h and to provide an outlet for the
return heated air.
Other portions may be delivered to other valves or parts requiring cooling.
Instead of employing a fan or other low pressure blower, an air compressor
working at a suitable higher pressure may be used so that a considerable weight
of air may be conveyed by a small pipe to, say, the exhaust valve. Also a jet
of air under a higher pressure may be used to induce the flow of a greater
volume of air to the end of the piston. By this method only small air distributing
pipes are required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. In an internal combustion motor, the arrangement and employment of a
jet or jets of air under a small pressure, guided by suitable pipes or channels,
so as to sweep over the inner hot end of the piston for the purpose of cooling it,
substantially as described and illustrated.
2. In an internal combustion motor, the arrangement and employment of a jet
or jets of air under pressure, delivered by means of a suitable pipe into the
hollow head of a suitably constructed exhaust valve for the purpose of cooling it,
substantially as described and illustrated.
3. The arrangement and employment of a fan or blower, driven by the engine
and delivering jets of air to any heated part of an internal combustion motor,
by means of suitable pipes or channels, for the purpose of cooling it, substantially
as described and illustrated.
4. The arrangement and employment of an air compressor or pump, delivering
air under some considerable pressure to nozzles, which induce a larger volume of
air and deliver it at a lower pressure by means of suitable pipes or channels to
any heated part of an internal combustion motor, for the purpose of cooling it,
substantially as described and illustrated.
5. The general arrangement and employment of apparatus for cooling the
beated parts of internal combustion motors, substantially as described.
Dated thin 1421
1
W. J. CROSSLEY.
JAMES ATKINSON.