CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN 'HAND PUMPS FOR FORCING. LIQUIDS, AND IN AN ADAPTATION OF SWIVEL TO UNION JOINTS USED FOR CONNECTING HOSE PIPES
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Tozer, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Superintendent of the Manchester Fire Brigade, for the
Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN 'HAND PUMPS FOR FORCING.
LIQUIDS, AND IN AN ADAPTATION OF SWIVEL TO UNION JOINTS USED FOR
CONNECTING HOSE PIPES."
Sealed the 12th July 1864, and dated the 30th January 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Tozer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
January 1864.
I, ALFRED TOZER, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Super-
intendent of the Manchester Fire Brigade, do hereby declare the nature of the
said. Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN 'HAND PUMPS' FOR FORCING
LIQUIDS, AND IN AN ADAPTATION OF SWIVEL TO 'UNION JOINTS' USED FOR CON-
NECTING HOSE PIPES," to be as follows:-
The first part of the Invention relates to a small description of pump
termed a "hand pump," in the ordinary arrangement of which a broad surfaced
piston or plunger works in a cylinder, and expels the liquid from a nozzle at
the lower end of the cylinder, and when this form of pump is used to lift
water from a bucket, tube, or other vessel the hose attached to the nozzle
requires two bends, one up from the nozzle, and the other over the edge of
the bucket, which materially impedes the flow of liquid.
My Invention consists, first, in the employment and use of a plunger
formed like a double cone, the apex of each being together, and the base or
broadest edge of each fitting the cylinder or barrel. This plunger is to be

page_text: covered with leather, so that the liquid may enter between the leather and the
plunger, and so maintain a water-tight joint with little friction. Secondly, I
surround the cylinder with an air vessel, and pass the ejection pipe upwards,
and deliver the stream of liquid by a nozzle at the top of the pump, thereby
obviating the bending of the hose. I also employ a perforated seating for the
valve (instead of a large opening) to prevent the entry of extraneous
matters.
A further part of the Invention relates to the winding up and delivery of
the hose employed to convey liquid. It has hitherto been usual to wind the
hose on a "reel," and in the event of fires to. secure the "union joint" to the
fire-engine or "hydrant," and to unwind the hose by carrying the reel away.
This part of my Invention consists in forming a handle at each side of the
"union" attachment, placing therein a roller or runner, so that the hose may
be wound around the metal attachment, and when it is desired to unwind it a
person takes the delivery end away whilst the "swivel" or roller handles are
held by another to allow the unwinding, and when unwound the attachment
is at once made to the water supply pipe, thus dispensing entirely with
a "reel."
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alfred Tozer in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
30th July 1864. .
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
TOZER, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Superintendent of the
Manchester Fire Brigade, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Alfred Tozer, Her special license that I, the said Alfred Tozer,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Alfred
Tozer, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN 'HAND PUMPS' FOR FORCING LIQUIDS, AND IN AN ADAPTATION OF SWIVEL TO

page_text: UNION JOINTS' USED FOR CONNECTING HOSE PIPES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Alfred Tozer, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
§ NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Tozer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say) :-
The first part of the Invention relates to a small description of pump termed
a "hand pump," in the ordinary arrangement of which a broad-surfaced
piston or plunger works in a cylinder and expels the liquid from a nozzle at
the lower end of the cylinder, and when this form of pump is used to lift
the water from bucket, tube, or other vessel the hose attached to the nozzle
requires two bends, one up from the nozzle and the other over the edge of the
bucket, which materially impedes the flow of liquid.
My Invention consists, first, in the employment and use of a plunger formed
like a double cone, the apex of each being together, and the base or broadest
edge of each fitting the cylinder or barrel. This plunger is to be covered
with leather, so that the liquid may enter between the leather and the
plunger, and so maintain a water-tight joint with little friction. Secondly, I
surround the cylinder with an air vessel and pass the ejection pipe upwards,
; and deliver the stream of liquid by a nozzle at the top of the pump, thereby
obviating the bending of the hose. I also employ a perforated seating for
the valve (instead of a larger opening) to prevent the entry of extraneous
matters.
:
A further part of the Invention relates to the winding up and delivery of
the hose employed to convey liquid. It has hitherto been usual to wind the
hose on a "reel," and in the event of fires to secure the "union joint" to the
fire-engine or "hydrant," and to unwind the hose by carrying the reel away.
This part of my Invention consists in forming a handle at each side of the
"union" attachment, placing thereon a roller or runner, so that the hose
5 may be wound around the metal attachment; and when it is desired to
unwind it a person takes the swivel end away which unwinds the hose, and
the attachment may be made to the water-supply pipe, either when the hose
is wound or unwound, thus dispensing entirely with a "reel," and also. with a
"hose key," the handles being used for the same purpose.

page_text: In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail, I have 'hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings made about half-size,
letters of reference being marked thereupon.
Fig. 1 represents a vertical section of the improved hand pump, and
.Fig. 2 exhibits a view of the "union joint," having swivel handles to act as
"reel."
In Fig. 1, a, a, is the barrel or cylinder in which the conical piston 6 acts,
such piston being surrounded with an 'annular cup of leather c, (as shewn,)
which is acted upon and expanded by the force of the water to effect a water-
tight packing. The water is contained in the vessel d, and as the piston rises
it is drawn through the valve e which fits on the perforated seating; the water
thence rises into the cylinder a, and through the opening f into the air
chamber 9, and, as the piston descends the valve his lifted, and the water is
forced up the tube i, the pressure of air in the chamber g maintaining a
regularity of flow. In Fig. 2, z is the metallic "union joint," upon which
the hose is wound as upon a reel, the handles y being the axis; the exterior
portions of which are made as rollers to swivel, so that they may be held
whilst the hose is unwound.
Having now: described the nature of the said Invention, together. with
the method of carrying. the same into practical effect, I wish it to be distinctly
(understood that. I claim,-
First, the novel arrangement and construction of pump, and also the
peculiar piston packing, as shewn.
Secondly, the use of swivels or rollers on the handles of "union joints"
employed with hose piping, as herein-before described; set forth, and fully
illustrated in the Drawings attached.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Tožér, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
Witnessed by
JOHN L. DAVIES, C.E.,
Office for Patents,
4, St. Ann's Sq.,
Manchester.
ALFRED TOZER. (L.S.)