IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR · CUTTING WOOD PEGS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David Dring, of 149, Great Dover Road, in the
County of Surrey; for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
· CUTTING WOOD PEGS."-A communication.
Sealed the 11th April 1856, and dated the 16th January 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Dring at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th
January 1856.
I, DAVID DRING, of 149, Great Dover Road, in the County of Surrey, do
hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR CUTTING WOOD PEGS" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of pegs used for the making of
boots and shoes, and for other purposes. The wood of which the pegs are to
be made is cut transversely of the grain into pieces, which are planed on both
faces. The pieces of wood thus prepared are mounted on the table of a
scoring machine by means of serrated stops and levers. The table is capable
of motion in the direction of its length by means of rack and pinion, and
receives motion from the driving shaft by a worm wheel, or ratchets and click.
On each side of the table, and secured to the side frame of the machine, are
two elevating screws and guides, to which is attached a saddle bar, fitted with
a tool bar and holders, and such bar may have two or more holders affixed
thereto, according to the size of machine. A to and fro motion is given to

page_text: the tool bar by means of a crank on the driving shaft and connecting rod
attached thereto, and to the tool bar, in "direction transversely to the line of
motion of table; a pointed chisel or tool is secured to each tool holder. The
wood having been fixed in the proper position, motion is given to the machine,
and such motion is transmitted to the tool bar and to the table alternately,
thus producing a series of parallel V scores or grooves on the upper face of
wood. The wood is then released and re-adjusted in the machine, in a position
at right angles to its former position, and the operation of cutting of grooves on
the same face is repeated.. The wood is then removed to a second machine
provided with a suitable fluted roller, the recesses formed in the wood, as
explained, being taken into by the projections of the fluted roller. This roller
is capable of being elevated or depressed, so as to be suitable for operating
upon thicker wood, when it is required to form longer pegs. A lever knife is
connected with the driving shaft by means of a crank and connecting rod.
The wood is placed beneath the fluted roller, and a motion being given to the
machine, the roller carries the wood forward a required distance by reason of
the fluitings entering the recesses, as explained, and the 'knife" descends and
partially splits the same in one direction by passing about through its thick-
ness; and by repeating. the operation, with the wood. removed at a right, angle
to the cuts made, and by then making similar cuts at right angles thereto, the
operation of forming the pegs will be completed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said David Dring in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
16th July 1856.
2017
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, DAVID
'DRING, of 149, Great Dover Road, in the County, of. Surrey, send greeting....
WHEREAS Her-most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her:Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of January, in the year of...our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the .nineteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her. heirs and, successors, give and grant unto
me, the said David Dring, Her special licence that,I,, the said David
Dring, my executors, administrators, and assigns, .or..such, others; as, I, the
said David Dring, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should. at any
time agree with, and no. others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,

page_text: exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR CUTTING WOOD PEGS," (a communication,) upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said David Dring, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said David Dring, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, that is to say:
This Invention has for its object a method of arranging machinery for
cutting wood pegs, suitable to be used in making boots and shoes. For this
purpose three machines are used; the first cuts, a slice from, the end of the log
of thickness in equal to the length of the pegs to be made, and also planes.the
face of each slice; the second machine scores one side of the slice with a
series of V-formed grooves, parallel to each other, and having spaces between
them equal to the thickness of the pegs; when the slice is scored in one direc
tion, it is turned one quarter round and scored with similar grooves at right
angles to the first; thus, a series of points are formed on the surface of the
slice of wood, each of which points becomes the point of a finished peg when
the slice is slit up, which is done in the third machine.
2-
This machine consists of a knife, which works up and down, and at each
descent enters between one of the rows of points and divides the wood almost
through, and between each descent of the knife the wood is advanced the
amount of the thickness of the pegs by means of a roller, fluted to correspond
with the grooved surface of the wood, which roller as on its axis a ratchet
wheel, which receives motion step by step from a driver.
1
When the sliced wood is divided in one direction it is turned one quarter
round; and similarly divided in the other direction. The pegs are afterwards
completely separated by placing them in a revolving cylinder,,which rolls them
over and over until they are completely separated.
And in order that the said Invention may be inost fully understood and
readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto
annexed.

page_text: Figure 1 is a side view, Figure. 2 an end view, and Figure 3 a plan, of the
machine for cutting the slice from the end of the log. a, a, is the frame of
the machine, on which is mounted a sliding carriage b, having two jaws b', b',.
which are drawn together by the screws c, so as to nip the log; d is an axis,
driven by a strap passing over the drum d'; on the end of the axis d is a plate
e, on, which are mounted cutters for planeing the face of the log before the slice
is cut off. is another axis, driven by a strap passing over the drum f¹, and
having at its end the circular saw g; by means of the screw h the carriage b
is traversed in front of the plate e, so as to plane the face of the log; and then
to bring it against the saw g, which cuts off a slice; the carriage is afterwards
brought back by reversing the motion of the screw h, and the end of the log is
again brought in contact with the face plate e by means of the screw i, which
moves the carriage forward.
Figure 4 is a side view, Figure 5 a plan, and Figure 6 an end view, of the
machine for grooving the slices cut off by the machine, already described. a, a,
are two barrels or drums, over which the endless chain of tables b, b, passes.
Each of the tables b is furnished with four jaws, two of which are moveable by
means of the screws c, c, and between these jaws the slices of wood are held,
two on each table. On the under sides of the tables are fixed toothed racks;
into which work pinions mounted on the axis d; this axis has on its further.
end a toothed wheel, which is driven by a snail or incline on the face of the
disc e, mounted on the axis f, which is driven by a strap passing over the
pulley g; thus a continuous forward motion is given to the tables b, b. On
the framing of the machine are fixed standards h; h, on the front of which are
guide bars i, i. These guide bars have at their ends screw nuts, through which
screws on the axes j,j, pass. The axes jj, have bevilled pinions on their
upper ends, into which gear pinions k, k, on horizontal axes, having on their
ends crank handles, by means of which the guide bars i, i, can be uniformly
raised or lowered to the positions required, and they are there clamped by the
screws 1, 1. On the guide bars i, i, slide grooving tools m, m, which, by the
-connecting rods n, n, are connected with the slides o, o, in which are slots for
receiving pins on the crank arms .p, p, mounted on the axis f, and thus the
slides o, o, and the tools m, m, receive a two and fro motion. After the slices
have been grooved in one direction by the first tool, they are turned a quarter
round by hand, and are then grooved in the other direction by the second tool.
As the tables 6, b, approach the grooving tools they pass under pullies g. 9,
which prevent them rising from the side frames.

page_text: Figure 7 is an edge view of a part of one of the slices of wood as it
leaves this machine.
Figure 8 is a side view, Figure 9 is a plan, and Figure 10 an end view, of the
splitting machine. a is the frame of the machine; and 6 is an axis mounted
thereon, which is driven by a strap passing round the pulley c; d is a crank
pin on the face of a disc, keyed on the end of the axis b. From the crank pin
d motion is communicated by the connecting rod e to one end of the knife f
the other end of which is centered to the frame at 9; thus up and down
motion is given to the knife, which descends sufficiently low to divide the slice
of wood h three quarters through. On the surface of the wood h rests a fluted
roller i, the bearings of which are able to slide up and down vertically, and
there is a weight j suspended from the bearings, which keeps the fluted roller
pressed down on the surface of the wood h. On the axis of the roller i there
is a ratchet wheel, which receives motion from a driver, which is moved forward
by coming in contact with a knife each time that it comes to the top of its
stroke, and it is drawn back by a spring, and in this way the wood h is moved
forward a space equal to the thickness of a peg between each descent of the
kuife. When the wood has been divided in one direction, it is turned one
quarter round, and similarly divided in the other direction. The wood has an
india-rubber band passed round it before it is submitted to this machine, to
prevent the slice from breaking up before the division is completed.
i
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to
the exact details described; but what I claim is, the method of arranging
the machines for making wood pegs, as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said David Dring, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
JOHN MITCHELL,
July 14th, 1856.
DAVID DRING. (L.8.)