Improvements in Apparatus for Weaving Inner Selvedges.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Oct., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 15th Aug., 1895-Accepted, 21st Sept.. 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Weaving Inner Selvedges.
I EDWARD TURNER WHITELOW of 70 Deansgate, Manchester, Consulting
Engineer and Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows
My said invention relates to improvements in apparatus for weaving inner
selvedges for the purpose of producing two or more independent pieces of cloth in
a loom.
As is usual in weaving with such appliances the warp threads are arranged so as
to leave a suitable space or interval at the place where the adjacent selvedges are
to be produced. The weft crossing such interval is severed, and the cut ends are
turned back into the shed, to be incorporated therein by the action of the healds.
In its general features such a process of producing two pieces is now well known,
and my said invention relates to improvements in the means for practising it.
In the said interval between the warp threads I arrange a knife, a pair of
scissors, or other cutting device for severing the weft, and also a pair of diverging
carriers or fingers for seizing and holding the weft during or after cutting. The
said carriers are so placed that they advance with the forward stroke of the slay,
when it is beating up, and take on to the weft in the direction of the beat. On the
retreat of the slay the fingers retreat, and on being caused to diverge, by a stop, or
by a restraining bar acting thereon, they carry the cut ends of the weft in opposite
direction into the sheds formed by the adjacent warps. Their centre or centres of
oscillation or divergence lie towards the reed.
The fingers may be either simply bent pieces of metal sliding on to or off the
weft, or they may be provided with means for opening and closing them when.
required. In one construction the fingers are formed somewhat like a needle
having a spring or other moving side which opens to receive the weft. The latter
can then only escape by the needle eye travelling off the cut end of the weft when
diverging into the shed.
To facilitate their entrance into the shed and prevent catching the warp the
fingers may be provided with inclined surfaces.
In some cases the diverging fingers hold the thread while being 'cut. In others
I provide a pair of auxiliary fingers to take hold of the weft during the cutting
operation. In this construction the diverging fingers take the cut ends from the
auxiliary fingers. The auxiliary fingers may have a sliding motion towards the
reed to deliver the cut ends into the diverging fingers; in which case the diverging
fingers need not have a sliding motion.
Where a knife is used for cutting the weft a striking bar, a hook, or hooks
(operated by a spring and stop or by positive motion) press the weft down on the
edge of the knife. An interval is left in the reed of sufficient width to allow the
projecting parts of the mechanism to pass through when the slay advances.
Temples are provided for the inner selvedges in order to keep the separate pieces
of cloth properly stretched.
The apparatus may be mounted on the breast beam or on suitable brackets
attached to any convenient part of the loom as for example the cross bar which
carries the temples.
For operating the apparatus, slides, slotted levers, and links are provided, so as
to obtain the necessary motions for operating the separate parts from the simple to

page_text: and fro motion of the slay and in order that as many parts as possible may be out
of the weavers way I connect to the slay beneath the level of the cloth.
Dated this 13th day of October 1894.
Improvements in Apparatus for Weaving Inner Selvedges.
I EDWARD TURNER WHITELOW of 70 Deansgate, Manchester, Consulting
Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
My said invention relates to improvements in apparatus for weaving inner
selvedges for the purpose of producing two or more independent pieces of cloth in
a loom.
As is usual in weaving with such appliances the warp threads are arranged so as
to leave a suitable space or interval at the place where the adjacent selvedges are
to be produced. The weft crossing such interval is severed and the cut ends are
turned back into the shed to be incorporated therein by the crossing of the shed.
In its general form such a process of producing two pieces is now well known and
my said invention relates to improvements in the means of production.
In order that my said invention may be more clearly understood I will describe
the same with reference to the accompanying drawings in which
Fig. 1 is a general plan.
Figs. 23 and 4 are plans showing certain parts in the successive positions they
occupy when in operation.
Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation thronghey of Fig. 1.
Figs. 67 and 8 illustrate detached details.
In all the figures certain parts are omitted in order to more clearly show other
parts and thus to facilitate the description.
Referring first to Fig. 5 1 is the main plate of the machine which is carried by
a bracket attached to the loom near the breast beam. The reed of the loom is
supposed to be at the left hand of Fig. 5. Pivoted at 2 is the main operating
lever 3 which is connected by a link to the slay of the loom so as to oscillate
therewith. Mounted in suitably placed pillars or bearings one of which is shown
at is a slide rod 5. Secured thereon is a sliding bracket 6. To a downward
projection of the latter is hinged a bell crank lever 7 which carries at its lower end
a hooked fork 8. A link 9 connects the upper arm of the lever 7 to the main
lever 3 by means of a pin 10 taking into the slot 9*. As the lever 3 swings forward
it takes with it the lever 7 the sliding bracket 6 the shaft 5 and the fork 8. The
lever is in the forward motion in the position shown in Fig. 5 and the fork 8 is
depressed so as to get under the last weft thread inserted. On the backward swing
of the lever 3 there is a momentary dwell of the lever 7 until the pin 10 reaches
the other end of the slot 9. The lever 7 is then pulled back about its fulcrum or
pivot until it catches a projection 6ª on the bracket 6. During this latter free play
of the lever 7 the hooks 8 are elevated and seize the weft. As the backward
swing of the lever 3 is continued the bracket 6 and the shaft 5 are pulled back
until the weft is brought into a pair of nippers or grippers or fingers 11
(see Fig. 1) and over a knife 12 lying between them in the centre of the interval
between the warp threads. In Fig. 5 only the bottom jaw of the grippers is
shown. At the next forward swing of the lever 3 there is again a dwell at the
beginning of the stroke during the time the stud 10 is travelling along the slot 9*.
Next the lever 7 is pushed so as to swing forwards about its fulcrum whereby the
forks are depressed and the weft thread lying under their hooked extremities is

page_text: pulled downwards transversely to the edge of the knife and severed. The lever 7
projects through a slot 12 (Fig. 1) in the bed 1 of the machine. One of the
grippers is shown in detail in Fig. 6. The lower jaw is a fixture and has the upper
jaw 11 pivoted therein. A spiral spring 11 normally tends to keep the grippers.
open unless forcibly closed. The closing (just before the descent of the fork 8) is.
effected by a swinging cam 13 hinged to a block 14 secured at the fore part of the
slide rod 5. As the rod 5 advances the lower face of the cam 13 (which cannot
turn backwards owing to the way it is hinged to the block 14) depresses the upper-
jaw 11 and momentarily holds the weft while the fork 8 descends. At the back
stroke of the shaft 5 the hinged cam 13 can swing forwards and thus ride over the
upper jaw 11".
At 15 (Figs. 1 and 5) are temples of any suitable construction.
for holding the inner selvedges of the cloth as it is woven. From the temples.
the two pieces of cloth pass under the part 1 of the machine to the breast
beam.
For taking the cut ends of weft from the grippers 11 and turning them back
into the adjacent warps I use the mechanism about to be described. At each side
are carriages 16 (Fig. 1) working in slides under or on the main frame and
continually pulled backwards by springs 17. At the fore end the carriages are:
connected by a plate or cross bar 17. A lever 18 (pivoted on the lever 7) can
engage with the cross bar 17 when depressed as shown in Fig. 1. Such depression.
of the lever 18 may be either produced by the weight of the fore part alone or by..
its weight aided by a spring pressing thereon.
At the first part of the forward stroke of the rod 5 the lever 18 is in
engagement with the cross har 17. A cam 18ª is formed in the tail of the
lever 18 which takes against a fixed pin 19. On the end of the cam reaching
the pin 19 the tail of the lever will be depressed whereupon the cross bar 17
will be released and the carriages 16 will be pulled back by the springs 17.
Working in slides 16" in the fore parts of the carriages 16 are carrier cases or
sheaths 19 which are caused to approach towards or to recede from each other by
means of the levers 20, engaging with their slots 20" with pins on the carrier cases 19.
The levers 20 have their centres of oscillation on the carriages 16.
The operation of the carrier cases is illustrated to a smaller scale in Figs. 2 3
and 4 to which reference will now be made.
On Fig. 3 (which as regards the position of the parts corresponds to Fig. 1)
carriages with the carrier cases are in their extreme forward position and the hooks
carriers or fingers 21 which carry the cut ends of weft into the shed are protruding
therefrom. (The means for effecting their protrusion and withdrawal will be
subsequently explained.) The carriers 19 have been caused to approach by the
short arms of the levers 20 meeting the fixed studs 22. While in this position the
cross bar 17 is released and the carriages are pulled back by their springs into.
the position shown in Fig. 4. The carriers 21 enter the spaces 11° and take on to
or behind the weft held by the grippers 11. Immediately the weft has been cut
the carriers 21 are caused to retire into their casings 19. At the back stroke of the
slide red 5 a swinging catch 24 (see now Fig. 5) hung from a block secured to
the slide rod 5 meets the tails 25 (Figs. 2 3 and 4) of the levers 26 and causing the
latter to push against the noses 20° of the levers 20 the carrier cases 19 are caused
to diverge and thus to draw the cut ends to the right and left into the adjacent
warp sheds. Owing to the shape of the catch 23 and the way it is hinged it freely
passes the tails 25 in its forward stroke. The ultimate backward position of the
carriers 19 is shown in Fig. 2. When in this position they are just behind the line
of the temples and clear of the reed. By this means it is unnecessary to cut away
the reed as mentioned in my Provisional Specification. The inner cuds of the
carrier cases 19 are inclined or tapered as shown in Fig. 5 so that they may easily
slip through the warp threads without catching when they are caused to approach.
The form of weft carrier I prefer to adopt is a hook 21 as shown in Fig. 5 which
slides to and fro in its carrier or sheath 19. Each hook is attached to the arm 27*
of a bent lever 27 pivoted at 27b in a recess in the carrier case. The rear ends 27*

page_text: of the bent levers have upright pins 27d (see Fig. 8). An adjustable block 30
has a bent finger which striking the pins 27 causes the carriers 21 to retreat
into their sheaths. Their protrusion is effected by the contact of the arms 27°
as the sheaths approach with fixed pins 27 on the underside of the base 1.
Fig. 7 shows an alternative form of carrier to be used instead of hooks. This
carrier is a pair of spring jaws which are normally open but close when drawn with
the carrier case 19. A fixed stud 34 insures the carrier opening in the event of the
upper part losing its elasticity.
In my Provisional Specification I mentioned that for the purpose of having as
many parts as possible out of the way I connect to the slay below the level of the
cloth. In practice I find however that the usual way of connecting above the level
of the cloth is to be preferred.
In lieu of a knife a pair of scissors or shears or other cutting device may be used
for cutting the weft in lieu of the knife and hooks herein before described which I
desire to specifically disclaim as being part of my said invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of iny said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is.
1. The combination and arrangement of parts in a machine for producing
two adjacent selvedges in the process of weaving on a loom substantially as set
forth.
2. In a selvedge weaving apparatus longitudinally and transversely reciprocating
diverging carrier cases or sheaths provided with weft carriers hooks or their
equivalents which protrude and retire at right angles to the weft for the purpose of
seizing and conveying the cut ends of weft into the adjacent sheds of warp
substantially as set forth.
3. In a
selvedge weaving apparatus the herein before described combination of
slides and levers for operating the weft carrier cases or sheaths substantially as set
forth.
D
1
A mount 1905
E. T. WHITELOW.