AN IMPROVED METHOD OF OR APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING DWELLING HOUSES OR OTHER BUILDINGS
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to The Reverend Thomas Davis, of Roundhay, in the
County of York, Clerk, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF
OR APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING DWELLING HOUSES OR OTHER BUILDINGS."
Sealed the 22nd February 1867, and dated the 27th August 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Davis at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th August
1866.
I, The Reverend THOMAS DAVIS, of Roundhay, in the County of York,
Clerk, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
METHOD OF OR APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING DWELLING HOUSES OR OTHER BUILD-
INGS," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to ensure a perfect ventilation or change of
air in the rooms of dwelling houses or of other buildings, and in all structures
in which it is needed, without allowing a downward current or causing any
inconvenient draught in the room. To this end in some cases I make the
aperture near the ceiling of the room or place to be ventilated (or, if preferred,
lower down) into the chimney or into a suitable ventilating shaft; this
aperture will vary in diameter according to circumstances, such as the size or
position of the room. With its inner mouth towards this aperture I place a
tube, whose other end communicates with the open air; or I let its inner mouth
enter the aperture, only taking care to leave sufficient space around such

page_text: mouth for the foul air of the room to enter and be carried forward into the
chimney or ventilating shaft by the natural draught of the entering air. In
order to quicken the current, and prevent a downward draught, I sometimes
place a jet or jets of gas or other rarefying agent within a tube or other con-
trivance in the chimney or ventilating shaft, or simply within the shaft itself.
In other cases I make an aperture into the ceiling, and connect this aperture
by means of a tube with another aperture made into the chimney or ventilating
shaft between the ceiling and floor above, or the ceiling and roof above. Into
such tube another tube runs from the open air, and proceeds more or less
towards the aperture into the chimney or ventilating shaft; or if from any
cause it be desired I can dispense with the open air tube, and simply
make an aperture above the ceiling into the tube which connects the
aperture in the ceiling with the aperture in the chimney, and I make also
an opening or openings in the outer or other wall; or, again, if, it seem
preferable I make the open air tube to come down through the ceiling or
otherwise, and present its inner mouth to the aperture in the ceiling, so as to
blow upward. In this arrangement also I use when requisite gas or other
rarefying agent as above within a tube in the flue of the chimney, or in a
ventilating shaft. In a third class of cases where there is neither flue nor
shaft, or neither is required, I simply make an aperture in the ceiling at the
upper part of a room or building, and point towards it, or make to enter it, a
tube from the open air, leaving adequate space around as above mentioned
for the admission of the foul air from the room, or else I use in addition gas.
or other rarefying agent within a tube ascending from the aperture.
In all cases I make ample inlets for air just where and as they are least in-
convenient, a matter of no difficulty at all where there is an upward or other
current of air from the upper part of the room or building, and downward
draughts are prevented:
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Davis in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 27th
February 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, The
Reverend THOMAS DAVIS, of Roundhay, in the County of York, Clerk, send
greeting.....
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of August, in the year of our

page_text: Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Thomas Davis, Her special licence that I, the said Thomas Davis, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas
Davis, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF OR
APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING DWELLING HOUSES OR OTHER BUILDINGS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Davis, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause'
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Davis, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and
figures marked thereon (that is to say).
:-
.
The object of my Invention of "An Improved Method of or Apparatus for
Ventilating Dwelling Houses or other Buildings" is to ensure a perfect"
ventilation or change of air in the rooms of dwelling houses or of other
buildings, railway carriages, ships, and navigating vessels, and in all other
structures in which it is needed without allowing a downward draught, or
causing any inconvenient current.
In the accompanying Drawings I have shewn various ways of effecting the
object of my Invention. In some cases I make an aperture, which I call a
perhaustor, near the ceiling of the room or place to be ventilated (or if
desirable lower down) into the chimney, or into a ventilating shaft suited to
the purpose. This arrangement is shewn in Fig. 1, which represents a
sectional view of part of a ceiling with the ventilating apparatus adapted
thereto.
•
The aperture shewn at a, Fig. 1, will vary.in. diameter according to cir-
cumstances, such as the size or position of the room. The tube 6 (which I.
call a perflator) has one end entering and passing the ceiling, and to this.
when necessary is attached a tube communicating with the open air. The
other end of this tube faces or enters the aperture a, care being taken to leave

page_text: sufficient space around such aperture for the foul air of the room to enter and
be carried forward along the tube or pipe c into the chimney or ventilating
shaft, as indicated by the arrows. If preferred the perflator may be made to
act around the perhaustor, and the perhaustor be placed in the centre, as]
shewn at Fig. 2. In order to quicken the current when a peculiarly powerful
draught is required, a jet or jets of gas or other rarefying agent may be placed
within a tube in the chimney breast (of which tube a sectional view is given
at Figure 5, the light a being at the lower part,) or in a contrivance in the
chimney or ventilating shaft, as shewn at d, Fig. 1, or simply within the
shaft itself.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 2b represent sectional views of other arrangements. In
these instances an aperture a is made in the ceiling, and this aperture is con-
nected by means of a tube c with another aperture c leading into the chimney
or ventilating shaft between the ceiling and floor above, or the ceiling and
roof above Into such tube c another tube e runs (communicating or not as
may be requisite with the open air) and proceeds more or less towards the
aperture in the chimney or ventilating shaft, and if desired it may enter it.
The limits of the extent longitudinally of the tube e will be regulated by the
volume of air between the ceiling and the floor above. The greater the
expanse of air the shorter in proportion may be the tube e.
Fig. 3 shews in sectional view an arrangement in which the open air tube
is not employed. In this case I simply make an aperture a in the ceiling to
introduce one end of the tube f, and thus connect the aperture in the ceiling
with the air aperture c¹ made in the chimney.front over the fire-place. The
open end of the tube f is brought opposite to the opening c into the chimney,
as seen best in the enlarged sectional view, Fig. 4, care being taken to leave
space enough between the two tubes or pipes for the passage of the foul air
from the room. I make (whenever requisite) an opening or openings in the
outer wall or other wall above the ceiling, and where it is desirable I make
the open air tube to pass through the ceiling or otherwise, and present its
inner mouth to the aperture in the ceiling, so as to blow upwards, as shewn
in Fig. 1.
In another class of cases where there is neither flue nor shaft, or neither is
required, I simply make an aperture in the ceiling or upper part of a room or
building and point towards it, or make to enter it a tube from the open air,
leaving adequate space around, as above, and I use in addition (where
requisite) gas or other rarefying agent within a tube ascending from the
aperture. In all cases I make ample inlets for air just where and as they are
least inconvenient. This is a matter of no difficulty at all where there is an

page_text: upward or other current of air from the upper part of the room or building,
and downward draughts are thereby prevented.
Having now described my Invention of "An Improved Method of or
Apparatus for Ventilating Dwelling Houses or other Buildings," and having
explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I claim as the Inven-
tion secured to me by Letters Patent as aforesaid, the use in various forms
and manners as herein set forth of what is here styled a "perflator" in com-
bination with the "perhaustor," and the occasional use (where necessary) in
conjunction with these of a gas burner or other rarefying agent to give
additional force to the current of air, so as to draw off from the room or
apartment the foul, heated, or contaminated air contained therein.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Davis, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Twenty-fourth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
said Thomas Davis, in the pre-
sence of
EDWARD WHITELEY,
THOS. DAVIS. (L.B.)
Clerk to Messrs. Richardson & Turner,
Solicitors,
Leeds.