IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRE- PARATION OF DEODORIZING MATERIALS, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE ΟΡ GAS
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Phillips, of Clyst Honiton, Exeter, in the
County of Devon, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRE-
PARATION OF DEODORIZING MATERIALS, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE ΟΡ
GAS."
Sealed the 9th April 1867, and dated the 25th October 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Phillips at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th
October 1866.
J, HENRY PHILLIPS, of Clyst Honiton, Exeter, in the County of Devon,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PREPARATION OF DEODORIZING MATERIALS, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS," to
be as follows:-
The chief object accomplished by the process herein described is the
preparation of an efficacious deodorizing powder, which I effect in the fol-
lowing manner :-I take a quantity of slaked lime (hydrate of lime) in fine
powder, to which I add coal tar in such proportion that on being well mixed
the mixture shall be in a pulverulent state, about three parts by weight will
require one part-of-coal tar-for-this purpose; with such mixture I charge a
retort such as is ordinarily used in gasworks for obtaining gas from coal; the
tar at the temperature of the retort in good working state is rapidly decom-

page_text: posed, and the residuum in the retort consists of carbon minutely diffused
throughthepowdered lime; a:large quantity of gas of high illuminating power
is also produced, when the production of gas ceases the contents of the retort
should be withdrawn, and sufficient-water thrown on it to prevent the com-
bustion of the carbon. The powder thus obtained is a deodorizing material,
which can be used with advantage in "dry closets," so designated in contra-
distinction to "waterclosets," and it may be used for deodorizing the contents
of cesspits; no special form of retort is required,for.this-process, such as are
ordinarily used being suitable for it.
I do not confine myself to the use of lime solely, as described; other
matter may be used where it can be obtained cheaply, such as the silt or
fine deposit found in some parts of estuaries and rivers. The silt or
deposit of the estuaries should be dried in the air or otherwise and
crushed and sifted previous to adding the tar. Tar may be mixed with
the powder taken from the retort,-which-may-be-re-charged therewith instead
of using fresh lime or other earthy matter, and thus the decomposition of
tar may be effected with a small outlay for lime.or other earthy matter, and
consequently the proportion of carbon will increase every time the operation
is so conducted.
I claim the use of bituminous substances as coal pitch or any foreign pitch,
or the residuum of mineral or coal oil manufacture, and in such cases the
pitch should be ground with a small quantity of either of the earthy matters,
and subsequently mixed with lime or other earthy matter to about twice the
weight of the pitch operated on. The decomposition of the pitch is conducted
precisely the same way as the tar.,
To make a deodorizing liquid for counteracting or neutralizing ammoniacal
odours at urinals and other places I add to the residuary power of the process
of decomposing tar and lime, as described, hydrochloric acid in such quantity
as may be required to dissolve the lime, forming thereby a solution of chloride
of calcium, or as it is sometimes known as muriate of lime; this solution
diluted with a little water may be used as the deodorizing liquid along with
the carbon diffused in it, or by adding water to the solution the carbon will
be gradually deposited, the clear solution may be drawn off for use and
further diluted, if required, as a deodorizing agent, and the carbon by careful
washing and drying can be obtained for use as a pigment.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
'by the said Henry Phillips in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd April 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
PHILLIPS, of Clyst Honiton, Exeter, in the County of Devon, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, inthe thirtieth year of Her
the
reign, did, for Herself, Her leirs and successors,.give and grant unto me,
said Henry Phillips, Her special licence that I, the said Henry Phillips my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Henry
Phillips, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no-others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein.expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, 'an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRE-
PARATION or DEODORIZING MATERIALS, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry Phillips, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or 'their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Phillips, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularlydescribed and ascertained in and bythe following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
The chief object accomplished by the process herein described is the prepa-
ration of an efficacious deodorizing powder, which I effect in the following
manner: I take a quantity of slaked lime (hydrate of lime) in fine powder,
to which I add coal tar in such proportion that on being well mixed the
mixture shall be in a pulverulent state, about three parts by weight will
require from one to two parts by weight of coal tar for this purpose, with such
mixture I charge a retort such as is ordinarily used in gasworks for obtaining
gas from coal; the tar at the temperature of the retort in good working state

page_text: 18 rapidly decomposed, and the residuum in the retort consists of caroon
minutely diffused through the powdered lime. A large quantity of gas of
high illuminating power is also produced. When the production of gas ceases
the contents of the retorts should be withdrawn, and sufficient water thrown
on it to prevent the combustion of the carbon. The powder thus obtained is
a deodorizing material which can be used with advantage in "dry closets" so
designated in contradistinction to "waterclosets," and it may be used for
deodorizing the contents of cesspits; no special form of retort is required
for this process, such as are ordinarily used being suitable for it.
1 do not confine myself to the use of lime solely as described; other
matter may be used where it can be obtained cheaply, such as the silt or
fine deposit found in some parts of estuaries and rivers. The silt or
deposit of the estuaries should be dried in the air or otherwise, and
crushed and sifted previous to adding the tar. Tar may be mixed with
the powder taken from the retort, which may be re-charged therewith
instead of using fresh lime or other earthy matter, and thus the decom-
position of tar may be effected with a small outlay for lime or other earthy
matter, and consequently the proportion of carbon will increase every time
the operation is so conducted.
Bituminous substances as coal pitch or any foreign pitch, or the residuum
of mineral or coal oil manufacture may be similarly used, and in such cases
the pitch should be ground with a small quantity of either of the earthy
matters, and subsequently mixed with lime or other earthy matter to about
twice the weight of the pitch operated on; the decomposition of the pitch is
conducted precisely the same way as the tar.
To make a deodorizing liquid for counteracting or neutralizing ammoniacal
odours at urinals and other places I add to the residuary powder of the process
of decomposing tar and lime as described hydrochloric acid in such quantity
as may be required to dissolve the lime, forming thereby a solution of chloride
of calcium, or as it is sometimes known as muriate of lime; this solution
diluted with a little water may be used as the deodorizing liquid along with
the carbon diffused in it; or by adding water to the solution the carbon will
be gradually deposited, the clear solution may be drawn off for use and further
diluted, if required, as a deodorizing agent, and the carbon by careful washing
and drying can be obtained for use as a pigment.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that what I claim is, the
mixing tar or bituminous substances with finely divided lime or earthy

page_text: material, aud distilling the same so as to obtain deodorizing materials and gas,
as herein-before described.
In wituess whereof, I, the said Henry Phillips, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
HY. PHILLIPS. (L.8.)