Improvements in Sheet Metal Structures.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Aug., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 21st May, 1889-Accepted, 29th June, 1889.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Sheet Metal Structures.
We, WILLIAM ORR, Merchant, and PETER STUART BROWN, Manufacturer, both of
45 West Nile Street, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, do hereby declare the
nature of this Invention to be as follows :-
This Invention which relates to metal structures composed of plain or corrugated
galvanized iron or other metal sheets has for its object to provide a double cased
structure in a simpler or more economical manner than has heretofore been attained.
In carrying out the Invention under one arrangement a double casing is formed
by taking two plain or corrugated sheets and folding the edges of the inner or outer
sheet at an angle to the body of the sheet the said edges being entered into recesses or
grooves made by bending the edges of the other sheet at an angle to its body and
then turning the bent edge back over the edge of the first mentioned sheet the
The
joint being made tight by pressure or by rivetting, bolting or otherwise.
plates or sheets constituting the double casing are throughout their body parallel to
each other and they are or may be flat or arced as desired the proper distance between
them being maintained by a series of rivets or bolts or by a distance piece or strip or
its equivalent. At the junction of two such double sheets the edges are entered into a
slot extending throughout the length of a tube of incomplete section in which slot
they are maintained by squeezing or flattening in the edges of the slot in the tube
or they may be so maintained by the insertion of clips, wedges or fasteners at
suitable distances apart, or the tubes constituting the standards or supports may be
dispensed with and the edges of the sheets bolted or rivetted together.
In joining a section of the double sheeting constituting a portion of the side or
wall of the structure to a section constituting a part of the roof a portion of the
inner sheet of the roofing section is cut away at the lower end so as to enable the
outer sheet to overlap the outer sheet of the corresponding wall section and so
maintain the space throughout both sections. The said space may be filled in with
any suitable non-conducting material or it may be left free for the circulation of air
currents or of heated gases or steam between the outer and inner sheet of the
structure.
Under a modification the double sheeting may be composed of inner and outer
sheets the outer sheet having one edge bent inwards whilst the inner sheet has one
edge bent outwards these two bent edges enclosing a space between the sheets the
requisite distance being maintained by the insertion of rivets, bolts or distance pieces.
The inner and outer sheets with this arrangement break joint with each other that is
to say the flat edge of the inner sheet extends beyond the bent edge of the outer
sheet and vice versa.
Under a further modification in which a tube of incomplete section is also employed
the edges of one of the sheets only may be bent to enter the slot in the tube whilst
the edges of the other sheet between which and the first mentioned sheet the annular
space is enclosed are rivetted, bolted or otherwise secured to the sheet having the
bent edges.
Whilst the sheets employed in this construction of building may be ordinary flat or
corrugated sheets it is preferred that they should be corrugated in the manner
described in the specification and shown at figures 12 and 13 of the drawings under
the Letters Patent granted to us bearing date the Nineteenth day of May 1887
No. 7280.
Dated this Twentieth day of August 1888.

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COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Sheet Metal Structures.
We, WILLIAM ORR, Merchant and PETER STUART BROWN, Manufacturer both of
45 West Nile Street, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention which relates to metal structures composed of plain or corrugated
galvanized iron or other metal sheets has for its object to provide a double cased
anti-thermal structure in a simple and more economical manner than has heretofore
been obtained. The double casing is under the present Invention composed of panels
each consisting of two plain or corrugated sheets the ends of which are so folded as to
hold upon or butt against each other or they may be bound together by a separate
piece whilst the series of panels constituting the structure are bound together by
tubes having slots throughout their lengths into which the ends of the panels are
entered and wherein they are maintained by squeezing or flattening in the edges
of the slot or by clips wedges or fasteners inserted at suitable distances apart.
On the accompanying drawings figure 1 is a part side elevation of a building
composed of anti-thermal panels constructed in accordance with our said Invention.
Figure 2 is a part transverse section of figure 1.
Figure 3 is a part horizontal section of figure 1.
Figure 4 is a detailed horizontal section drawn to a larger scale shewing one mode
of constructing and joining the panels.
Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8 are modifications of figure 4, and figure 9 shews a method
of connecting the roofing panels to those constituting the walls of the building.
In carrying out the Invention two plain or corrugated galvanized iron or other
metal sheets a bare used, the sheet a at the part a¹ figure 4 being bent at an angle to
the body.
Near the edges the parts a¹ are bent back or returned as indicated at a²
and over the said returned portions the edges of the inner sheets 6 are bent as shown
at 6 62. The body of the sheet 6 is parallel to or curved to correspond with that of
the sheet a the two sheets being maintained at the desired space apart by the insertion
of distance pieces c or by rivets bolts or their equivalents. The parts a² and b² of the
sheets may also be bolted or rivetted together if desired though in ordinary cir-
cumstances the overlapping bend is sufficient to hold them securely together.
Into the space enclosed by the double casing sawdust or any other non-conducting
material is or may be introduced or the said spaces may be left free for the cir-
culation of air currents or of heated air, gases or steam. In joining two panels
constructed as hereinbefore described together the straight parts of the sheets b
between the points 62 63 are brought up to or butted against each other and a tube d
having a slot extending throughout its length is slipped over at the bend where the
return a² of the sheets a commence, the joint being made tight by pressing inwards
the edges of the slot in the tube or by the insertion of wedges or clips between the
sheets where they pass through the slots.
In joining a section of the double sheeting constituting a part of the side or wall
of the structure to a section constituting a portion of the roof a part of the inner
sheet 6 of the roof is cut away as indicated at w figure 2 to enable the outer roofing
sheet a to overlap the outer sheet a of the corresponding wall section and so maintain
the space between the sheets throughout both sections. "The lower ends of the tubes d
uniting the roofing sections are fastened to the tubes uniting the wall panels by a
clip or fastener as indicated at figure 9 the said fastener having a head the breadth
of which is sufficiently narrow to enable it to be entered into the slot of the roofing
tube d. After being so entered the fastener is turned round a quarter of a circle so
as to bring the length of its head across the slot as shewn after which the lower part
of the fastener is rivetted, bolted or otherwise secured to the vertical tubes d uniting
the walls or any other convenient fastener may be adopted. To support the upper ends
of the roof tubes-d.they are or may be rested upon or secured to the lower flange of a

page_text: double channel iron g a cap or cover h being bolted or rivetted to the upper flange of
the said iron to render the joint water tight.
Figure 5 illustrates a modified arrangement for connecting the outer and inner
sheets of the anti-thermal panels together and in which case the ends a³ of the sheets a
are bent inwards so, as to lie against the straight parts 63 of the sheets b to which
they may be bolted or rivetted if desired the ends of the sheets 6 being flared and
enclosed within the slotted tube d in connecting the panels as before set forth.
Under other modifications illustrated by figures 6, 7, and 8 the ends of both of the
sheets may be flared the outer and inner sheet of each panel being connected together
by a separate piece whose ends are bent over the flared ends of the sheets. With
this arrangement two tubes d are employed at each junction of the panels the sheets
constituting which may either be parallel to each other or one may be flat and the
other curved or both may be curved and kept at the desired width apart by distance
pieces c.
The sheets used in constructing the anti-thermal panels may be ordinary flat or
corrugated sheets but it is preferred that they should be corrugated as indicated at
figures 12 and 13 of the drawings annexed to the specification filed under the Letters
Patent bearing date the Nineteenth day of May 1887 No. 7280 granted to us, that is
to say, with a series of cross corrugations i terminating short of the edges of the
sheets in addition to which corrugations ; may be made between the ends of the cross
corrugations and the edges of the sheets.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
For use in the erection of sheet metal structures an anti-thermal panel composed of
two plain or corrugated sheets secured together as set forth the sheets being main-
tained at required distances apart by distance strips bolts rivets or equivalents and
the space between them being filled in or not with a non-conducting material
substantially as described with reference to the drawings annexed.
Dated this Twentieth day of May 1889
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents.