IMPROVEMENTS IN METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR BURNING OILS OR OTHER LIQUID HYDRO-CARBONS FOR HEATING PURPOSES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Leffert Lefferts at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 14th December 1883.
LEFFERT LEFFERTS, of the City County and State of New York, United States
of America "IMPROVEMENTS IN METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR BURNING OILS OR
OTHER LIQUID HYDRO-CARBONS FOR HEATING PURPOSES
"
My invention relates to an improved method and apparatus for burning oils or
other liquid hydro-carbons for heating purposes.
The object of my invention is to present the oil or other liquid hydro-carbons to
the point or place of combustion in a very finely divided or atomized state and
mixed intimately with steam.
In carrying the said invention into practice I provide a steam pipe having
projecting therefrom pieces of pipe or jets. One jet is covered by a cap provided
with a slot and having cut on the outside a screw thread by which it is attached
to the main pipe. A second jet has a similar cap, slot, and screw-thread for similar
purposes.
The pieces of pipes or jets are so placed relatively to each other that steam
issuing from the slot of one jet will be met at an angle, preferably a right angle, by
steam issuing from the slot of the other jet.
Upon another portion of pipe is screwed or attached a tube or box having a
shoulder.
Projecting downward through the shoulder and bored to the centre of the said
box or tube is a tapering opening or passage with the longest diameter at the
outside. Through the said box or tube, at right angles to the said opening is bored
a second opening or passage which is made parallel with the tube and is for a
short distance about 1/, the diameter of the same. It is then contracted in diameter
until it reaches the side of the tapering opening and then again expanded either in
a tapering form towards the other end of the box or, preferably, by a series of
different sized enlargements forming shoulders.
The steam-pipe may be provided with a stop-cock for the purpose of allowing
the escape of condensed steam. In the tapering opening of the shoulder is placed
the tapering nozzle of a second pipe. This pipe is provided with a screw-thread
working in a nut or frame attached to the box by any suitable means.
The lower

page_text: .
end of the said second pipe screws into a coupling section from which runs a third
pipe to an oil reservoir. Through the coupling and second pipe is passed a cleaning
rod.
The operation of my invention is as follows:
The second pipe being placed in position, so that the top of the nozzle is on a
line with the contraction of the opening in the box, steam is admitted into the
steam pipe and immediately passes through the same, some of it escaping through
the slot of the first jet and the remainder of the steam passing up to the projecting
piece of pipe and the second jet through the slit of which a small portion escapes,
but the main body of the steam passing through the projecting pipe and the
passage of the box is forced, by the contraction thereof, to pass with great rapidity
over the opening of the nozzle carrying with it the air in the said nozzle. The
steam again expanding in the passages is discharged from the end of the box
immediately in the pathway of the steam escaping from the slit of the first jet;
by this slit it is diverted upward into the path of the steam escaping from the
slit of the second jet, by which it is directed to the point of combustion.
The air in the second pipe rushing to supply the place of the air first removed
from the nozzle, allows the oil to ascend from the oil-reservoir through the third
and second pipes until it reaches the nozzle, where it is acted upon by steam in a
similar manner as the air was at first. It is also mixed thoroughly with the steam
in its passage through the passages of the box. The steam issuing from the slot
of the first jet subdivides the oil which is again subdivided by the steam issuing
from the slot of the second jet, so that it is presented at the point or place of
combustion in a very finely divided or atomized state.
By shifting the position of the nozzle in the tapering opening so that there is
more or less air space between the sides of the said opening and the nozzle, the
flow of oil is controlled and regulated, the quantity of oil fed being decreased
or diminished as desired for the reason that the lowering of the oil tube enlarges
the air space, and allows a greater quantity of cool air to meet with steam and thus
causes a more rapid condensation of steam, thereby increasing the suction of oil
through the tube.
Decreasing the air space, lessens the flow of oil from the tube, for the reason
that the inflow of cold air being restricted the condensation of the steam is less
rapid and the suction in the oil tube is diminished
Any dirt or other foreign matter in the oil lodging in the second pipe may be
removed by the cleaning rod.
Any other convenient means may be substituted for the screw thread and nut
or frame for regulating the position of the nozzle, in the tapering opening.