IMPROVEMENTS IN ENVELOPES OR GUARDS FOR CARDING MACHINES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Oscar Schimmel of Chemnitz in the Kingdom of Saxony
for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ENVELOPES OR GUARDS FOR CARDING
MACHINES,"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Oscar Schimmel at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th October 1883.
OSCAR SCHIMMEL of Chemnitz in the Kingdom of Saxony.
IN ENVELOPES OR GUARDS FOR CARDING MACHINES."
“
IMPROVEMENTS
In working carding machines at a high velocity the surrounding air is drawn
inwards an active air current is produced in an opposite direction to the motion of
the card cylinder, and such current carries away the light material from the cards
and it is thereby lost.
The object of my invention is to overcome this defect.
In ordinary machines the carding cylinder is usually covered with a case
extending, ordinarily, as far as and over the last pair of clearers, and which case
is fixed to the frame of the machine. But the space between the case and the
points of the cards remain undetermined and uncertain, and this arises from the
fact that the case is fixed in position and unchangeable while the position of
the fly roller or cylinder may be changed; in the intermediate space the air is
still permitted to enter and produces an objectionable current. Although the
casing prevents the material from being blown away and becoming lost yet in
this arrangement of the apparatus, another objection arises which is that the
textile matters fall upon and remain on the inner surface of the case, and from
time to time are carried in large flakes into and clog the machine and produce
irregularities in its working.
My present invention removes these defeats by providing an efficient envelope or
guard to the cylinder whereby the space between the cylinder and the envelope is
reduced to a minimum, the evelope is firmly fixed upon or attached to the bearings
of the fly, and the almost infinitesimal air current that may still be produced is
turned in such a direction as not to interfere with the proper working of the other
cylinders carrying wool or other material.

page_text: At each end of the carding cylinder, or other cylinder to be protected I fix a
disc, as near to the ends of the cylinder as practicable but not touching the
cylinder, The central portion of each disc is utilised as a bearing for the axle of
the cylinder and is fitted with a suitable lubricating appliance, On the inner side
of each disc is an annular groove, and at the ends of the cylinder iron rings are
fitted.
These iron rings revolve with the cylinder in the grooves of the discs but
without touching the discs, and thereby the air is prevented from entering from a
central source. The diameter of the face plate exceeds that of the cylinder
sufficiently to enable it to support the envelope or guard which is formed of sheet
iron and in three portions, with longitudinal joints or hinges, for convenience of
adjustment and cleansing or clearing away loose or entangled material and other
purposes.
The first portion of the guard is placed very close to the points of the cards upon
a hook adjustable by means of screws attached to the discs.
The second and third portions of the guard are continuations of the first and the
third portion of the guard or envelope is enlarged and formed into a case, box, or
receptacle for loose material which may happen to be carried over in working
The air contained in the space between the card point and the envelope or guard
is driven towards the exterior by the centrifugal force arising from the rapid
rotation of the cylinder and enters the end of the envelope through the opening in
the box, the air current formed thereby is conducted upwards in consequence of the
shape of the box, and in such a manner as not to pass by another roller or cylinder
of the card charged with wool, and to blow such wool off when the cylinders
revolve.
The triangular space which occurs between the tympen the card cylinder and the
feed cylinder is laterally shut by plates of iron fixed upon the discs in such a
manner that no air can enter.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Oscar Schimmel in the Patent Office on the 15th April 1884.
OSCAR SCHIMMEL of Chemnitz in the Kingdom of Saxony "IMPROVEMENTS
IN ENVELOPES OR GUARDS FOR CARDING MACHINES
"
In working Carding machines at a high velocity the surrounding air is drawn
inwards and an active air current is produced in an opposite direction to the
motion of the card cylinder, and such current carries away the light material from
the cards and it is thereby lost.
The object of my invention is to overcome this defect.
In ordinary Machines the Carding cylinder is usually covered with a case
extending as far as and over the last pair of clearers and which case is fixed to the
frame of the machine. But the space between the case and the points of the cards
remains undetermined and uncertain, and this arises from the fact that the case is
fixed in position and unchangeable while the position of the fly roller or cylinder
may be changed; in the intermediate space the air is still permitted to enter and
produces an objectionable current. Although the casing prevents the material
from being blown away and becoming lost yet in this arrangement of the apparatus,
another objection arises which is that the textile matters fall upon and remain on
the inner surface of the case, and from time to time are carried in large flakes into
and clog the machine and produce irregularities in its working
My present invention removes these defects by providing an efficient envelope or
guard to the cylinder whereby the space between the cylinder and the envelope is
reduced to a minimum-the envelope is firmly fixed upon or attached to the
bearings of the fly and the almost infinitesimal air current that may still be
produced is turned in such a direction as not to interfere with the proper working
of the other cylinders carrying wool or other material.
At each end of the carding cylinder, or other cylinder to be protected I fix a disc,
as near to the ends of the cylinder as practicable but not touching the cylinder.
The central portion of each disc is utilized as a bearing for the axle of the cylinder
and is fitted with a suitable lubricating appliance On the inner side of each disc
is an annular groove and at the ends of the cylinder iron rings are fitted-These
iron rings revolve with the cylinder in the groves of the discs but without touching
the discs, and thereby the air is prevented from entering from a central source-the
diameter of the face plate exceeds that of the cylinder sufficiently to enable it to
support the envelope or guard which is formed of sheet iron and in three portions,
with longitudinal joints or hinges, for convenience of adjustment and cleansing or
clearing away loose or entangled material and other purposes
The first portion of the guard is placed very close to the points of the cards upon
a book adjustable by means of screws attached to the discs
The second and third portions of the guard are continuations of the first and the
third portion of the guard or envelope is enlarged and formed into a case, box, or
receptacle for loose material which may happen to be carried over in working
The air contained in the space between the card points and the envelope or
guard is driven towards the exterior by the centrifugal force arising from the rapid
rotation of the cylinder and enters the end of the envelope through the opening in
the box-the air current formed thereby is conducted upwards in consequence of
the shape of the box, and in such a manner as not to pass by another roller or
cylinder of the card charged with wool and to blow such wool off when the
cylinders revolve
The triangular space which occurs between the tympan, the card cylinder and
the feed cylinder is laterally shut by plates of iron fixed upon the discs in such a
manner that no air can enter.

page_text: And in order that my said invention may be clearly understood reference is
hereby made to the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters of reference
indicate corresponding parts.
Fig 1 is a side view and Fig: 2 is a section through the axle of the card
cylinder, a and ware the last pair of clearers-v is the card cylinder- F. a feed
cylinder which receives the material which escapes from the card cylinder, and
brings it back to the tympan. P. is the doffing cylinder (shewn in a dotted line
in Fig: 1)
The bearings b of the Card cylinder fixed in the adjustable side pieces t. t. are
formed in one piece with the face plates as the diameter of which plates exceeds
that of the cylinder-m is the sheet iron casing which encloses the cylinder-This
case is in three parts (see Fig: 1) m² m³ and m³-which are united together by
hinges cl and c³ The first portion m¹ is placed very close to the points of the cards,
the distance being adjustable by means of the screws e, and a groove being
provided to prevent the entrance of air. m² is made to open as shewn by dotted
lines in Fig 1. m² is also made to open, as also shewn by dotted lines-m³ is also
made to open for the purpose of inspecting and adjusting the cards-The cover d
covers the provision or cup for oil to lubricate the bearings-The rings r. r hold
together the several parts of the wooden tympan and extend into the groove
formed in the plates 8.
The portion of the case m³ is enlarged at K where a box is formed to receive
loose material which may be carried over in working the form of the box k
directs the air current arising from the rotation of the cylinder in the direction of
the arrow, and prevents the same from impinging against or upon any other roller
or cylinder charged with wool
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is-
1. The application to carding engines of a case enclosing the card cylinder for the
purpose and in manner substantially as hereinbefore described and shewn on the
drawings.
2. The method and means of confining and regulating the currents of air and
providing for the egress of the enclosed air, in manner and for the purpose herein
before described and shewn on the drawings, or any mere modification thereof
In witness whereof I the said Oscar Schimmel have hereunto set my hand and
Beal this twelfth day of April in the year of our Lord 1884.
OSCAR SCHIMMEL
(19)