A MACHINE TO SEPARATE CLAY OR OTHER MATERIAL FROM STONES OR OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES
Year: 1884

page_text: I CORNELIUS WALTON of 63 Queen Victoria Street in the City of London.
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for A MACHINE TO
SEPARATE CLAY OR OTHER MATERIAL FROM STONES OR OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES
to be as follows:-
Firstly. My invention relates to a machine for preparing clay and other material,
either by entire or partial grinding, and thoroughly pugging the clay or other
material, so that any stones or other hard substances there-in contained are separated
from the clay or other material and such clay or other material, and such stones or
other hard substances, are respectively and separately, subsequently discharged
from one or more outlets for further utilization.
Secondly, By using adjustable rollers so as to feed the clay into a pug mill,
without unduly crushing the stones or other hard substances into unsuitably small
sizes, the said crushed stones, or other hard substances being unable to pass through
the outlets provided for the clay or other materials, they are forced forward in a
rotary and advancing manner into a chamber or recess from which they are
allowed to be discharged, when the said chamber or recess is partially or entirely-
filled, by the outlet or outlets provided, which is or are closed after the stones or
other hard substances have been discharged.
Thirdly, Various materials or compositions may be prepared by and thoroughly
mixed or amalgamated in the respective processes of the machine.
The machine consists,
First, of an arrangement of a Pugging Mill, a Screen, and a Delivery trough, the
outlet or outlets being separate for the stones or other hard substances, and for the
clay or other material, the machine can be constructed for a vertical or horizontal
position, the pug mill having optionally loose or combined bars, plates with holes, or
other appliances arranged so that the clay or other material is forced through. the
apertures or spaces by the action of the pug mill knives, whilst the stones or other
hard substances are propelled into a chamber or recess, by the said knives and
from which they are discharged through one or more outlets by the action of the
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page_text: machine, when the said chamber or recess is partially or entirely filled, and the said
outlet or outlets, is or are opened for such purpose, The clay or other material
which is forced as preferred between the bars or through holes, apertures, or spaces
provided for such purpose, is delivered into a trough from which it is discharged.
Second, The machine as above described is further provided with crushing or
feeding rolls, for treating clay, or other materials, containing stones, or other hard
substances, and partially preparing the clay or other material, and the said stones
or hard substances for the pocesses above described, to be undergone in the pug
mill and delivery trough.
Third. The machine may, optionally according to requirements, be used either
with or without the crushing or feeding rolls.
Dated this 90th day of January 1884

page_text: I, CORNELIUS WALTON of, 63 Queen Victoria Street in the City of London,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for A MACHINE TO
SEPARATE CLAY OR OTHER MATERIAL FROM STONES OR OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My Invention relates to a machine for separating clay or other materials from
stones, or other hard substances-and when treating clay-for pugging and
thoroughly preparing the clay prior to its being used for brickmaking or other
purposes.
The clay or other materials is fed into rollers, by means of which it is partially
or entirely crushed; whence it passes into a pugging cylinder or chamber provided
with screws, or worms, or knives, where the clay is thoroughly pugged and mixed,
and subsequently pressed, or forced through a screen, or a perforated plate, or
plates, or series of grating bars, and discharged into a separate chamber, or trough
underneath; in which the clay or other material, or materials can be more or less
consolidated, prior to being discharged through a suitable outlet or outlets.
The retained stones or other hard substances are by the action of the screws or
worms or knives driven forward to the end of the pugging cylinder or chamber and
discharged through one or more suitable outlets or doors.
The rollers are made adjustable horizontally, so as to allow of different intensities
of crushing being done, according to the nature of the materials used or operated
upon; and by an arrangement of rods and levers, the horizontal movement of the
rollers can be made to operate on the driving belt, by means of the belt guide
gear; which throws the belt on to the slack pulley so as to stop the machine, in the
event of too large a stone or other hard substance, getting jammed between, or
passing between the rollers.
The pugging cylinder or chamber can be placed either vertically or horizontally
as shown on drawings N° 1 and 2; and may be made of plates, or of hoops or
rings, or rings and plates combined with grating bars or perforated plates, which
shall allow the clay or other materials to pass through while the stones or other
hard substances, shall be retained in the pugging cylinder or chamber and which
retained stones or other hard substances, are subsequently discharged through
suitable outlets or doors provided for the purpose at the end of the pugging
cylinder or chamber.
The screened clay or other materials being made to pass through the screen or
perforated plate or plates or series of grating bars, into a chamber or trough
underneath, where it is more or less consolidated and propelled forward by means
of screws or worms or knives and discharged through the delivery outlet.
In the accompanying sheets of drawings I have shown a horizontal machine on
sheet N° 1, and on sheet N° 2 I show a modification of the said machine wherein
the pugging cylinder or chamber is placed in a vertical instead of a horizontal
position.
.
६
Figure 1 (Sheet N° 1) being a part sectional side elevation..
Figure 2a part sectional end elevation.-Figure 3 a plan.
Figure 4 an end elevation showing outlets.
A. A¹. are rollers suitable for crushing, grinding or feeding the materials under
operation, which rollers are placed on the upper part of the framing of the machine
and driven by means of spur wheels B.
Roller A works in adjustable bearings a. a¹, which are kept up to the required
distance apart by means of spindles b. 6' and levers c. c¹, and weights d, d...

page_text: In the event of too large a stone, or other materials gotting between the rollers
and forcing them apart, it will by means of the said spindles b. 61, and levers c. c¹,
and weights d. d operate on the belt guide gear e and move the belt on to the
slack pulley, thus stopping the machine and prevent any breakage taking place.
C is a horizontal cylinder or chamber or pug-mill in which the clay or other
materials is pugged and separated from the retained stones or other hard
substances.
1
T
D is a horizontal shaft driven by means of spur wheels E E¹ on which are placed
the pugging screws, or worms or knives F This shaft D is provided with a thrust
bearing G to take the end thrust on shaft.
The bottom part of cylinder or chamber or pug-mill C is provided with a screen,
or perforated plates or series of grating bars H.-The top part of the said chamber
or cylinder or pug-mill C may be formed of castings or plates, and the whole bound
together by rings or hoops L
J is a sliding door or outlet for removing the retained stones or other hard
substances from the pugging cylinder or chamber C, and worked by means of a
rack fand a wheel f¹, or it may be operated by means of levers.
K is a trough or chamber for receiving the screened clay and having a horizontal
shaft L placed within it, provided with a thrust bearing M and fitted with a screw,
or worms, or knives N for consolidating and propelling the clay or other materials
forward and discharging the same through the delivery outlet O.
The mode of operation of the machine is as follows:-
The clay or other materials is delivered on to the top of the rollers A. A¹, and is
crushed or partially or wholly ground in passing through on its way to the pugging
cylinder or chamber C placed immediately under the rollers A. A¹.-The clay or
other materials is thoroughly pugged and mixed in this pugging cylinder or
chamber C by the action of the screws or worms or knives F fixed on the
revolving shaft D and is further pressed or forced through the screen or perforated
plates or series of grating bars H into the receiving chamber or trough K under-
neath, while the retained stones or other hard substances are finally discharged
through the outlet D provided for the purpose.
The screened clay or other materials which has passed through the screen or
perforated plates or series of grating bars H, is by the action of the screws or
worms or knives N more or less consolidated and propelled forward and discharged
through the delivery outlet O.
This machine may optionally-according to requirements-be used either with or
without the crushing, grinding, or feeding rollers A. A'.
Sheet No 2 shows a modification of the horizontal machine wherein the pugging
cylinder or chamber is placed in a vertical instead of a horizontal position, and
constructed according to this Invention.
Figure. 1. being a part sectional side elevation.
Figure. 2. a front elevation. Figure. 3. a plan, Figure. 4. a plan of circular
feeding trough. Figure. 5. a part sectional plan. Figure. 6. a sectional side
elevation showing method of driving pug-mill from a prolongation of the shaft of a
pug-mill or other machine placed underneath.
A is a trough or pan for receiving the clay, A¹ a scoop or arm for propelling the
clay into the pugging cylinder or chamber E; B is a vertical shaft driven by means
of spur and bevel gearing C. C¹. or by a prolongation of underneath shaft, and fitted
with either screws, or worms, or knives D.
or
E is a vertical pugging chamber or cylinder provided with a screen
perforated plate or plates or series of grating bars F held together by hoops or
rings G.
The bottom part of the pugging cylinder or chamber E forms a receptacle H for
the retained stones or other hard substances, having at its outlet a sliding door I,
worked by means of a lover J or by means of a rack and pinion, and provided with
a delivery spout K

page_text: L is a trough shown in dotted lines, representing this machine as used in
connection with another machine; for receiving the prepared clay or other
materials.
The mode of operation of the vertical modification of the machine is described as
follows:-
The clay is delivered into the trough A by means of one or more scoops or
arins A¹, the clay is propelled into the pugging cylinder or chamber E, and, by the
action of the screws, or worms, or knives D fixed on the shaft B, is thoroughly
pugged and subsequently pressed or forced through the screen or perforated plate
or plates or series of grating bars F; the said clay or other materials being
discharged into the trough L, shown in dotted lines and which trough L is
provided with one or more scoops or arms for propelling the clay or other
materials into another machine or receptacle for receiving the prepared clay or
other materials; while the retained stones or other hard substances, descend into
the receptacle H, and are finally discharged through the outlet or sliding door I.
This machine may also be fitted with adjustable rollers and automatic stop
notion as described for use with horizontal machine hereinbefore described.
And having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed.-I declare that what
I claim is :-
First: The arrangement and combination, as shown, of the following parts:-
viz: adjustable rollers with automatic stop motion, combined with a horizontal
or vertical pug-mill which forms a screen, part or wholly formed of a perforated
plate or plates or series of grating bars, as and for the purposes set forth.
Second: The arrangement and combination of parts forming my improved
combined adjustable rollers with automatic stop motion, and horizontal or vertical
pug-mill as described, and adapted to effect a continuous or almost continuous
discharge of the screened clay or other materials all as shown on the accompanying
drawings.
Third: The arrangement and combination of the parts forming the pugging
cylinder or screen whereby the retained stones or other hard substances are at
intervals discharged through the sliding door or delivery outlet at the discretion of
the attendant with a minimum of labour and attention; substantially as and for
the purposes set forth and shown on the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 26th day of September 1884.