AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF FLUO-SILICATES AND SILICATES OF LEAD AND BARYTA, AND FOR THE APPLICATION OF THE SAME TO VARIOUS PURPOSES IN THE ARTS AND MANUFACTURES
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Cobley, of Meerholz, Electorate of Hesse,
Germany, Metallurgist, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR
THE MANUFACTURE OF FLUO-SILICATES AND SILICATES OF LEAD AND BARYTA,
AND FOR THE APPLICATION OF THE SAME TO VARIOUS PURPOSES IN THE ARTS
AND MANUFACTURES."
Sealed the 3rd January 1862, and dated the 8th July 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Cobley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on- the. 8th
July 1861.
I, THOMAS COBLEY, of Meerholz, Electorate of Hesse, Germany, Mcial-
lurgist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF FLUO-SILICATES AND SILICATES OF
LEAD AND BARYTA. AND FOR THE APPLICATION OF THE SAME TO VARIOUS PURPOSES IN
THE ARTS AND MANUFACTURES," to be as follows:-
I take sand or ground glass, or slag, or any native silicated base, and having
first crushed it, or them, I mix with them in proper chemical proportions, fluor
spar or any other compound containing fluorine by chemical proportions, I
mean that, according to the quantity of silica employed so much fluorine (or
fluoric compound representing the same) in chemical equivalents must be
added so as to form fluo-silicic acid, after liberation by sulphuric or other
available acid at known temperature and equivalents. This mixture I treat
with sulphuric or any other available acid in either a liquid or or gaseous state;
[Price 8d.]

page_text: the resulting products which pass off in a gaseous state are fluo-silicic and
silicic acid. Where I can obtain fluorine gas as a waste or bye product, I
make use of it instead of any of the fluorine compounds before mentioned.
The fluo-silicic acid gas thus obtained I introduce into solutions of lead or
baryta obtained by any means or from any source, which precipitates the base
and leaves the acid free for forming new solutions of them. I prefer the
solution to be hydrochloric, acetic, creosotic, or pyroligneous. When I em-
ploy the oxides of lead or caustic, or hydrate of baryta, I condense the fluo-
silicic acid gas in water, and in the same way act upon these compounds by
direct decomposition. The fluo-silicates and silicates of lead I propose to
apply as a pigment, and also in the manufacture of glass, porcelain, for ena-
melling, glazing, and cementing surfaces, and impregnating substances.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Cobley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th
January 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
COBLEY, of Meerholz, in the Electorate of Hesse, Germany, Metallurgist, send
greeting.
WHEREAS
Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Thomas Cobley, Her special licence that I, the said Thomas Cobley, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas
Cobley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR
THE MANUFACTURE OF FLUO-SILICATES AND SILICATES OF LEAD AND BARYTA, AND
FOR THE APPLICATION OF THE SAME TO VARIOUS PURPOSES IN THE ARTS AND MANU-
FACTURES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas
Cobley, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office

page_text: Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Cobley, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
that is to say:-
In order to make my own acid to form the lead and bartya salts, I take
sand, glass, flint, infusorial earth, slag, or any native silicated base, and having
reduced them to a fine powder, I mix with them, and in proper chemical
proportions, finely ground fluo-spar, or any other compound containing fluorine,
(by chemical proportions, I mean that, according to the quantity of silica
existing in the materials acted upon or employed, the chemical equivalent of
fluorine must be added to liberate such silica and form fluo-silicic acid. То
this mixture sulphuric or any other available acid is added, liquid or gaseous,
in sufficient quantity to liberate the fluorine, and the whole well mixed together
is placed in a convenient retort, to which heat may be applied to facilitate the
process; the fluorine carries over the silica in the form of fluo-silicic acid.
Where I can obtain fluorine as a waste or bye product in a gaseous or in a
liquid form, I prefer it to any other ordinary sources. The fluo-silicic acid thus
obtained, I introduce, if in a gaseous form, by means of any known apparatus
(as, for instance, the white lead apparatus of Clichy), and if in liquified state by
simple admixture, into a basic solution of lead and baryta, either hydrochloric,
acetic, creosotic, or pyroligneous, obtained by any means or from any source;
a precipitate ensues and is collected; this for many purposes may be used in
a state of pulp, as it is obtained, but for the purpose of distant transport and
other applications it should be dried by ordinary means.
Where it is difficult to obtain the solutions, or the process is found toc
tedious, I mix hydro-fluo-silicic acid with the oxides of lead or caustic hydrate
and carbonate of baryta to saturation, and boil where despatch is required,
although I prefer slow decomposition at an ordinary temperature for most
purposes. Furthermore, I propose to produce fluo-silicate of lead by the
action of fluoric acid or fluoric acid gas upon a silicate of lead, for instance,
upon lead, slag, or silica in natural or artificial combination with a lead salt
dissolving up such siliceous (silicates) combinations or admixtures in the
liquified acid, or by passing the acid gas into finely powdered masses of the said
materials placed in the condensor.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and how the same is
carried into effect, what I claim and desire secured to me by the before in
part recited Letters Patent is, the manufacture and use of fluo-silicates of

page_text: lead and baryta by the method, process, and means herewithin set forth,
and the application of the same, either separately or together, to the manufac-
ture of glass and porcelain either as a glaze or as a pigment, and either applied
and used as direct or real fluo-silicates, or by the admixture of any salt of lead
or baryta with any fluoric or siliceous or fluo-siliceous material, so as to obtain
the same results as if a fluo-silicate had been actually employed..
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Cobley, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighth day of January, One thousand eight hundred
and sixty two
TH. COBLEY. (L.S.)