Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Mar., 1892-Accepted, 30th Apr., 1892
In the annexed drawing
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a machine embodying my invention,
Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section,
Fig. 3 is a top plan view with the yoke and follower removed,
Fig. 4 is an enlarged vertical transverse section of the base of the hopper and
adjacent parts,
Fig. 5 is an enlarged detached side view of the cutter head viewed from the
smaller side thereof, and
Fig. 6 is a view of a section of the larger side of the cutter-head, a portion
thereof being broken away to show the attachment of the cutter.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
A represents the supporting frame of the machine, which frame may be of any
suitable shape formed of metal. It has rigidly attached to it or integral with it
an annular raised portion B which constitutes the bottom of the hopper B'. Said
bottom being thus convex on its top. Through this bottom is a slot 6 extending
radially from one side partway across the same as clearly seen in Figs. 2 and 3 of
the drawing.
Beneath the bottom B is a horizontal shaft e disposed at one side of the axis of
the hopper and crosswise of the slot band journaled in suitable bearings II on
the frame A. To this shaft is firmly secured the annular cutter-head H, the.
periphery of which protrudes through the slot b. The peripheral face of this
cutter-head is beveled to one side so that the lower side faces in opposite direction
from the rotation of the hopper and is flush with the surface of the bottom B of
the hopper to allow the bones or other substance to be easily carried onto the cutter-
head by the rotation of the hopper and its follower. The periphery of the cutter-
head is provided with transverse slots a a preferably diagonally across the face and
inclined rearward from the low to the high side of the cutter-head as clearly
shown in Fig. 5 of the drawing.
c represent the cutters which are set along one side of the respective slots
and secured in grooves in the cutter-head at the ends of the slots as shown in Figs. 5
and 6 of the drawing.
In order to obtain ample clearance for the fragments of bones not sufficiently
reduced to pass through the slots b, I widen the slots a a toward the high side of the
cutter-head and provide said side of the cutter-head with clearing notches a² a¹ so
that such coarse fragments of bone cannot clog in front of the cutter, but slide
along the edge of the slots and through the clearing notches a and into the hopper
and are again brought around to be acted on by the cutters. The cutter-head may
be rotated either by a hand wheel L or a pulley or gear attached to one end of
the shaft e. Upon the hopper bottom is mounted revolubly the hopper B' preferably
ID-3

page_text: "
by providing the former with an annular rib r inside of which the outer bottom
edge of the hopper is fitted so as to allow the hopper to turn as best seen in Fig. 4
of the drawing. The hopper is retained in its seat on the bottom B by means
of plates PP secured to posts P¹ P' on the frame A and bearing on shoulders on
the exterior of the hopper above the rack f which is attached to the base of the
hopper B¹.
To the frame A is pivoted a lever g and to the lever at opposite sides of the
fulcrum thereof are connected two pawls which engage the rack f. A pitman i
connects the said lever to a crank secured to the shaft e and thus the lever g
receives an oscillatory motion, which, by means of the pawls, imparts an inter-
mittent rotary motion to the hopper B¹. By throwing one of said pawls off from
the rack so as to retain it out of engagement therewith, the speed of the revolu-
tion of the hopper B₁ can be reduced half when desired, which may be required
in comminuting very hard substances.
At opposite sides of the hopper B' are two standards T T rigidly secured to the
frame A and extending above the top of the hopper. A yoke or cross-bar Y is pivoted
at one end to one of the standards and removably connected at the opposite to the
other standard, preferably by a notch in the side of the yoke, which notch allows
the yoke to be shipped sidewise onto the standard, and a nut v' on the standard
over the yoke prevents the latter from being forced upward and off from the
standard. Central over the hopper B¹ the yoke Y is formed with a half-nut t
and to the side of the yoke is hinged a strap t¹ formed with a similar half-nut
so that by lying said strap closely against the side of the yoke a complete nut is
formed.
The strap is retained in said position by a pin u passing through perforated ears
on the strap and yoke.
In the hopper B is a vertically movable follower C, to the center of the top
of which is firmly attached an upright feed-screw D which works in the aforesaid
nut on the yoke Y.
To compel the follower and feed-screw to turn with the hopper I connect said
hopper with the follower by a vertical tongue on one entering a groove in the
other.
In operating the described machine the strap t¹ is to be swung aside to separate
the nut on the yoke as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 3 of the drawing.
Then the yoke is to be swung on its pivot to carry it to one side and away from
over the top of the hopper, then the follower C is to be withdrawn from the
hopper. The bones or other substance to be cut up or comminuted are then intro-
duced into the hopper, the follower replaced over said substance, the yoke Y
swung back over the hopper and secured to the standard, and the strap placed
across the screw D and fastened to the yoke. Then by turning the shaft the
cutter-head H is rotated and at the same time the hopper B' with the follower C
and feed-screw D receive intermittent rotary motion, and by the turning of said
screw the follower is caused to press the bones against the cutters c c as rapidly as
they are reduced.
In this comminuting operation my machine is rendered very effective by the
arrangement of the cutter-head at oue side of the center of the convex hopper-
bottom, and the protrusion of the beveled cutter-head to a point above the apex of
the said bottom.
In the operation of the machine the bones are carried successively across the
cutter-head from the lower to the higher side thereof, and by the projection of
said higher side above the surface of the stationary hopper-bottom B, a space is
produced directly over the rear portion of the said bottom, and thus the bones are
allowed to be carried freely to the cutter-head from the lower side thereof and the
pressure of the follower is directly over the cutter-head.
To clear the cutter-head of the cut substances passing through the slots of the
cutter-head I attach to the underside of the frame A a scraper V which stands
closely to the inner side of the cutter-head as shown in Fig. 4 of the drawing. '

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
1-A comminuting machine comprising a revoluble hopper having a stationary
bottom, a revoluble annular cutter-head disposed with its axis at right angles to
that of the hopper and with the top of its periphery protruding through the bottom
of the hopper, and cutters standing transversely in the periphery of the cutter-head
as set forth.
2-A comminuting machine consisting of a revoluble hopper, having a stationary
bottom, a revoluble annular cutter-head disposed with its axis at right angles to
that of the hopper and with the top of its periphery protruding through the bottom
of the hopper, cutters standing transversely in the periphery of the cutter-head, and
a follower in the hopper arranged to press upon the top of the substance to be
comminuted as set forth.
3-In a comminuting machine, the combination, with the stationary frame, of a
convex hopper-bottom fixed to said frame and provided with a radial slot extending
from one side partway across said bottom, a revoluble shaft beneath said bottom at
right angles thereto and at one side of the axis of the hopper, an annular cutter-
head fixed to said shaft and protruding through the aforesaid slot, cutters standing
transversely in the periphery of the cutter-head, and a hopper rising from said
convex bottom as set forth.
4-In combination with the hopper and its bottom, the revoluble annular cutter-
head disposed with its axis horizontally and protruding with its periphery through
said bottom, and cutters standing diagonally across the periphery of the cutter-
head as set forth.
5 In combination with the hopper and its bottom, the revoluble annular cutter-
head disposed with its axis horizontally and having its peripheral face beveled to
one side and protruding through the aforesaid bottom, and cutters standing diagonally
across said peripheral face of the cutter-head, substantially as described and
shown.
6-The combination of a stationary hopper-bottom formed convex on top and
provided with a slot extending from one side partway across, the hopper mounted
revolubly on said bottom, an annular revoluble cutter-head disposed with its axis
horizontally and at one side of the axis of the hopper and having its peripheral
face beveled to one side and protruding through the slot of the hopper-bottom,
and cutters standing diagonally across the said face of the cutter-head, substantially
as described and shown.
7-The annular cutter-head H having its peripheral face beveled to one side
and provided with the slots a a widened toward the high side of the face, and
the cutters o c standing along one side of the slots, substantially as described and
shown.
8-The annular cutter head H having its peripheral face beveled to one side
and provided with slots a a diagonally across said face and widened toward the
high side thereof, clearing notches a a¹ in said side of the face, and cutters c c
standing along one side of the slots, substantially as described and shown.
9-The annular cutter-head H having its peripheral face beveled to one side
and provided with slots a a diagonally across said face and widened toward the
high side thereof, clearing notches a a¹ in said side of the face, and cutters c c
standing along one side of the slots, in combination with the stationary hopper-
bottom B formed convex on top and provided with the slot 6 extending from one
side partway across the said bottom, and the hopper B' mounted revolubly on the
bottom B, substantially as described and shown.
10-In combination with the supporting frame and hopper-bottom B fixed thereto,
and the cutter-head H protruding through said bottom, the hopper B' mounted
revolubly on said bottom, the follower C connected to the hopper by vertical
tongue and groove; standards T T, the yoke Y provided with the nut d and the

page_text: feed-screw D working in said nut and rigidly secured to the follower, substantially
as described and shown.
11-In combination with the supporting frame, hopper and follower, the
standards T T, the yoke Y pivotly connected at one end to one of the standards
and having its opposite end formed with a notch adapted to receive the upper end
of the other standard, nuts on the standard over the yoke, a fixed half nut in the
center of the yoke, a half nut hinged to said portion of the yoke and detachably
locked thereon, and the feed-screw D fixed to the follower and working in the said
nut, substantially as described and shown.
12-The combination of the supporting frame A having affixed to it the convex
hopper bottom B, the shaft e extending across the underside of the said bottom,
the cutter-head H fixed to said shaft and protruding through the bottom, the
hopper B' mounted revolubly on the bottom B, the annular rack f fixed to the
exterior of the hopper, the lever y pivoted to the frame, the crank secured to
the shaft e, the pitman i connecting said crank to the lower end of the lever g,
and the pawls and a connected to the said lever at opposite sides of the fulcrum
and engaging the aforesaid rack, all combined to operate substantially as set
forth.
Dated this 25th day of February 1809
HENRY ANSEL HANNUM.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.