Year: 1896

page_text: I, EUSTACE ERNEST WIGZELL, of Billiter House, Billiter Street, London, E.C.,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my improvement is to obviate the difficulties hitherto existing in
boilers of this class in drawing the tubes when these are fitted at a vertical
angle.
In my improved boiler I have a series of tubes or nests of tubes running at a
vertical angle from the fire grate to the steam chest or chests. These nests of
tubes I use in the following manner. I run inwardly from the front of the boiler,
parallel with the steam chest, round or square tubes, placed side by side, striking
out from the steam chest. In these round or square tubes I have vertical angle
tubes running down to the line of the fire surface and into corresponding round or
square tubes at their bottom ends running parallel with the steam chest and from
the front of the boiler. These vertical angle tubes are expanded and tightened in
the square or round tubes at the top and the bottom in the usual manner.
At the top of the top square or round tubes and at the bottom of the bottom
square or round tubes, I have hand holes opposite each tube or opposite each nest
of tubes, the top tubes being connected together at each end by a pipe leading into
the bottom of the steam chest into the water space. So that should a vertical angle
tube require to be renewed this can be done by taking off the top hand cover or
covers, and the bottom hand cover or covers, which are easily got at, when the tube
can be either plugged or drawn out and renewed. The bottom pipes are connected
together at each end by the water feed pipe or separately.
Or my boiler can be made in the following manner. The square or round tubes
can run from the centre of the furnace sloping up to the water space of the steam
chest parallel with the front of the boiler and connected to same by a tube on their
ends, these round or square tubes are placed side by side running the entire length
of the steam chest, the bottom corresponding tubes striking out from the furnace at
a corresponding angle to the top tubes, the bottom tubes being connected together
by the pipe for the inlet of water, or independently, the top and bottom being
connected together with vertical angle tubes expanded and tightened in the square
or round tube at the top and bottom, and the top of the top square or round tube,
and the bottom of the bottom square or round tube being furnished with hand holes
opposite each tube or group of tubes and any number of these can be placed side by
side for obtaining any desired heating surface.
The arrangement of these nests or groups of tubes can also be as follows; The
top square or round tubes when striking out from the steam chest can butt each
other over the centre of the furnace leading at an angle up to the steam chest or
water space or in the case of the tubes parallel with the steam chests the two
outside tubes striking from the steam chest are touching, thereby forming a space
over the fire the heat passing in amongst the tubes right and left into the uptake or
chimney.
Or I can place these groups or nests of tubes with the bottom square or round
tubes standing at an angle, the two ends butting under the steam chest in a line
with the centre, and the top square or round tubes can stand at a corresponding

page_text: angle from each side of the steam chest placed in groups so that the fire grate
surface would come between the group on the left and the group on the right, the
top square or round tubes butting centrally over the fire, or in the case of the tubes
parallel with the steam chests the two outside tubes striking from the steam chest
can touch, so that the heat would pass amongst the tubes right and left and under-
neath the steam chest to the uptake or chimney, each group being made in the same
manner as above, so that these groups can be placed continuously side by side until
the desired number of furnaces is attained.
Or I can place these nests or groups of tubes as follows-Over the centre of the
furnace I have a chest with water and steam space, and on each side of this chest
I place my groups of square or round tubes running left and right of same placed
at a sufficient angle to permit of the haud holes being easy of access and the tubes
drawn. These square or round tubes are made in the manner already described
having vertical angle tubes expauded and tightened in same with corresponding
square or round tubes on the bottom ends with hand holes to each tube or nest of
tubes, the bottom tubes standing right and left of the furnace parallel with the top,
the top square or round tubes being connected to the water space in the steam chest
and the bottom square or round tubes being connected by the water feed pipe or
independently as desired, the fire passing right and left amongst the tubes to the
uptake or funnel.
The advantage of a boiler made in my improved manner is the great ease with
which the tubes can be withdrawn plugged, or renewed.
Dead this
1000
I, EUSTACE ERNEST WIGZELL, of Billiter House, Billiter Street, London, E.C.,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The object of my improvement is to obviate the difficulties hitherto existing in
boilers of this class in drawing the tubes when these are fitted at a vertical
angle.
In my improved boiler I have a series of tubes or nests of tubes running at a
vertical angle from the fire grate to the steam chest or chests. These nests of
tubes I use in the following manner. I run inwardly from the front of the boiler,
parallel with the steam chest, round or square tubes, placed side by side, striking
out from the steam chest. In these round or square tubes I have tubes running
at a vertical angle down to the line of the fire surface and into corresponding
round or square tubes at their bottom ends, running parallel with the steam chest
and from the front of the boiler. These vertical angle tubes are expanded and
tightened in the square or round tubes at the top and the bottom in the usual
manner.
At the top of the top square or round tubes and at the bottom of the bottom
square or round tubes, I have hand holes opposite each tube or opposite each nest
of tubes, the top tubes being connected together at each end by a pipe leading into
the bottom of the steam chest into the water space. So that should a vertical
angle tube require to be renewed this can be done by taking off the top hand cover
or covers, and the bottom hand cover or covers, which are easily got at, when the
tube can be either plugged, or drawn out and renewed. The bottom pipes are
connected together at each end by the water feed pipe or separately.

page_text: Or my boiler can be made in the following manner. The square or roun1 t bes
can run from the centre of the furnace sloping up to water tubes which are
connected to the water space of the steam chest placed parallel with the front of
the boiler being connected to same by tubes. The round or square tubes are
placed side by side running the entire length of the bailer, the bottom corre-
sponding tubes striking out from the furnace at a corresponding angle to the top
tubes, the bottom tubes being connected together by the pipe for the inlet of
water, or independently, the top and bottom being connected together with vertical
angle tubes expanded and tightened in the square or ruand tubes at the top and
hottom, and the top of the top square or round tubes, and the bottom of the bottom
square or round tubes, being furnished with hand holes opposite each tube or
group of tubes, and any number of these can be placed side by side for obtaining
any desired heating surface.
The arrangement of these nests or groups of tubes can also be as follows; the
top square or round tubes when striking out from the steam chest, can butt each
other over the centre of the furnace leading at an angle up to the steam chest or
water space, or in the case of the tubes parallel with the steam chests the two
outside tubes striking from the steam chests are touching, thereby forming a space
over the fire, the host passing in amongst the tubes right and left into the uptake
or chimney.
Or, I can place these groups or nests of tubes with the bottom square or round
tubes standing at an angle, the two ends butting under the steam chest in a line
with the centre, and the top square or round tubes can stand at a corresponding
angle from each side of the steam chest placed in groups, so that the fire grate
surface would come between the group on the left and the group on the right the
top square or round tubes butting centrally over the fire, or in the case of the
tubes parallel with the steam chests the two outside tubes striking from the stean.
chests can touch, so that the heat would pass amongst the tubes right and left and
underneath the steam chest or chests to the uptake or chimney, each group being
made in the same manner as above, so that these groups can be placed continuo isly
side by side until the desired number of furnaces is nttained.
Or, I can place these nests or groups of tubes as follows. Over the centre of
the furnace I have a chest with water and steam space, and on each side of this.
chest I place my groups of square or round tubes running left and right of same,
placed at a sufficient angle to permit of the hand holes being easy of access and
the tubes drawn. These square or round tubes are made in the manner already.
described, having vertical angle tubes expanded and tightened in same with corre
sponding square or round tubes on the bottom ends, with hand holes to each tube
or nest of tubes, the bottom tubes standing right and left of the furnace parallel
with the top, the top square or roun: tubes being connected to the water space in
the steam chest, and the bottom square or round tubes being connected by the
water feed pipe, or independently, as desired, the fire passing right and left
amongst the tubes to the uptake or funnel.
The advantage of a boiler made in my improved manner is the great ease with
which the tubes can be withdrawn, plugged, or renewed. Another advantage
possessed by such a boiler is the simplicity of manufacture, as it can be made in
sections and any number of these sections can be put together for obtaining the
desired heating surface.
Other good features are its free circulation and the fact that in case of accident
to, or the bursting of any tube, the water would only run out of the section.
affected, the other sections remaining in working order, so that the damaged
section or sections can be renewed, or the tubes plugged, or drawn, with great,
rapidity.
To each of the sections I can have a separate pipe with a cock or valve, through.
which the feed water passes, and which can be also used for blow off purposes,
and each of these plugs or valves is let into the box underneath the sections.
and is furnished with a hole through which a bar is passed and padlocked, thus.

page_text: insuring all the valves being open whilst the boiler is being used; thus, should
any of the sections get damaged from any cause, by unlocking and withdrawing
the bar, all these valves or cocks can be closed except the one that is attached to
the damaged section or sections, from which the water can be blown and the
damage repaired. All the cocks can then again be opened and the bar passed
through the plugs or valves, which is a guarantee that all the valves are properly
open for the feed.
In the drawings annexed hereto, I show in Fig. 1. an end view, one half being
in section, and the other half showing the doors on the outer ensing, and Fig. 2 is
a side view, these two views illustrating a boiler made on my improved principle
with two steam chests A. and A', the water space being as at B. in Fig. 1, the
chests being also shown in side view at A. in Fig. 2. in section. Striking out
downwards and towards the centre of the furnace, there are square or round
tubes or boxes, these running at right angles from the steam or water space of
the chest A, and there are corresponding square or round tubes or boxes at
right angles to the steam and water chest A, striking out downwards from the
steam or water space.
These square or round tubes or boxes, are placed side by side, as shown C.
Fig. 2, and are arranged so that they meet together at their outer ends over the
centre of the furnace E. At the end nearest the steam or water space there are
tubes, D, shown in Figs. 1. and 2, connecting the square or round tubes or boxes
to the steam or water space. The top square or round tubes or boxes, C, have
tubes F. Figs. 1 and 2, expanded and tightened in same at the underside,
these tubes running down, at an angle with the vertical, to the outside of the
furnace E, and into square or round tubes or boxes, shown G. Figs. 1 and 2,
which strike upwards at an angle corresponding to the angle of the square or
round tubes or boxes C.
The tubes F, previously referred to and afterwards spoken of as vertical angle
tubes, are expanded and tightened into the top of the bottom square or round
tubes or boxes G, and at the top of the top square or round boxes C. and at the
bottom of the bottom square or round boxes G, there are hand holes with covers,
shown R. R, opposite each tube or opposite cach nest of tubes. These sections
of angle tubes F. are repeated in a similar manner on the opposite side of the
furnace E, striking out from the steam or water space of the chest A' in the
same manner as in the case of the square or round tubes or boxes shown C,
and coming down to the left band side of the furnace E, and fitting into square
or round tubes or boxes at the bottom, as explained in the case of those shown G
in the drawings.
The vertical angle tubes F. can have division plates, as shown at H. H, for
leading the heat through the tubes, the heat from the fire being divided, part
passing in amongst the tubes on the right hand side, underneath the water space B.
of the steam and water chest, and between the connecting pipes D. to the chimney,
and part passing in amongst the tubes, under the water space, and in between the
connecting pipes to the chimney, on the opposite side, both sides being arranged
similarly as already stated.
Any latent heat may be utilised through an economiser or a steam dryer.
The steam spaces in the steam. chests A. A' are connected together by a
pipe I.
At the fire end of the bottom square or round tubes or boxes there are pipes, J.
Fig. 1, with valves or cocks K. with a bar L, Figs. 1 and 2, passing through each
of the plugs or valves for securing all open at the same time. All these cocks K.
are connected together by a branch pipe, M.. Figs. 1 and 2, in which there is a
double feed valve, so constructed that it can be converted to blow through an
independent pipe from the feed.
In the end view, Fig. 1, there is shown oue door N. on the left hand side for the
fire, and a door O, for getting to the hand holes underneath the bottom square or
round tubes or boxes, G Figs. 1 and 2, which run side by side, also a door, P, for

page_text: getting at the hand holes on the top of the top square or round tubes or boxes, C,
which also run side by side. The smoke box door Q. is for eleaning or getting
amongst the vertical angle tubes F Figs. 1 and 2.
The drawing Fig. 3. shows the same arrangement as Fig. 1. but in perspective
and without an outer casing, A. and A' being the steam and water chests,
C. C. being the top square or round tubes or boxes, butting together in the
centre over the furnace. D. shows the connection between the square or round
tubes or boxes and the water or steam space, corresponding pipes leading into the
chest on the other side. The vertical angle tubes are shown F, and the bottom
square or round tubes or 'boxes G, these running side by side, the hand holes with
covers being placed at R. R. R. R. S. S. is the furnace space.
In Fig. 4. I show an arrangement with one steam chest A. to two groups of
tubes, illustrating the square or round tubes or boxes B. placed parallel with the
steam chest, side by side, at an angle sloping downwards, at the right of the
steam chest A., with corresponding round or squaro tubes or boxes, running
side by side, and downwards, parallel with and at the left of the steam chest A.
These parallel square or round tubes or boxes are connected together by a pipe
at each end, one end at C. only being shown in drawing; these pipes lead into the
steam or water space of the chest A.; corresponding pipes being on the left hand,
coupling the square or round tubes or boxes together on that side, and leading into
the steam or water space of the chest A. In these square or round tubes or boxes,
I have tubes, running at an angle with the vertical, shown F, striking downwards,
and coming into square or round tubes or boxes, G, at their bottom ends, the two
inner ones butting together centrally under the steam chest, the bottom square or
round tubes or boxes, G, being placed side by side, at an angle corresponding with
the top square or round tubes or boxes B. At the top of the top square or round
tubes or boxes, and at the bottom of the bottom square or round tubes or boxes,
there are hand holes, similar to those shown R. R. in Fig. 1 and as and for the
purposo described in connection therewith; the furnace is at E. E; the heat
passing through the side at S., and the same on the left hand side, into the space T,
under the water space in the steam chest, and thence into the uptake or chimney
at the back or front.
Fig. 5. shows an end view, and Fig. 6 a side view partly in section, of a different
arrangement of the steam and water chest. In Fig. 5. A. is the water and steam
chest running parallel with the front of the boiler. In Fig. 6. end view of
chest, A. is the steam space B. the water space. In Fig. 5. C. C. are two water
tubes leading away from the front of the boiler, these are shown in side view at C.
in Fig. 6. connected to the water or steam space A. or B. at D.; groups, nests, or
sections of tubes, E. E., are connected to the water tubes C. C., the construction of
these groups or sections of tubes being similar to those already described in
connection with and shown in the drawings Figs. 1 and 3. In these drawings
Figs. 5 and 6. I also show pipes V. which if necessary can be used in my boilers
for connecting the water tubes or the water space in the steam chests to the water
inlet, these pipes may be fixed at either one or both ends.
In Fig. 7. I show another different method of arranging the sections or groups of
tubes. The boiler illustrated in this drawing can have two or four furnaces. In
the centre I have a steam and water chest, steam being at A. and water at B., and
on each side, at a given distance, I have two more steain or water chests C. C., the
steam spaces of the three cheats being connected by pipe I. Running right and
left of the centre chest I have my groups or sections of tubes F. F., like those
shown at F. F. in Fig. 4. or the same as group F. in Fig. 1. and of the same con-
struction, and connected to the two outside chests C. C. I have the groups or sections
of tubes as shown G. G., arranged in the same manner as the half shown F. in Fig. 1.
By this arrangement part of the heat from the furnaces H. H. passes in amongst
the groups F. F., underneath the water space B. of the chest A., in amongst the
connecting tubes D. D., round the steam and water space A. B. and up the Tunnel,

page_text: the other part of the heat from the furnaces H. H. passing left and right in
amongst the groups of tubes G. G. between the connecting tubes D. D. and to the
funnel or chimney.
My boilers, such as described could also be made double ended, by either placing
two sets back to back, or by having a fire brick partition put in the centre so that
fire doors could be fitted to each end.
It must be understood that although only straight vertical angle tubes are
shown in the drawings, I do not confine myself exclusively to these, I can if
desired use bent or curved tubes, these fitting into suitably shaped tubes, or boxes,
at the top and at the bottom, these tubes, or boxes, being furnished with hand
holes with covers, and the bent or curved tubes with their top and bottom tubes, or
boxes, forming sections, these sections being put together and placed side by side,
on either one or both sides of the steam chest or chests, in a similar manner to that
already described in connection with the drawings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I
claim is :-
nature of my inven-
declare that what 1
1. The improved water tube steam boiler substantially as described and shown
in drawings.
2. In a water tube steam boiler the use of tubes set at an angle with the vertical,
expanded and tightened at each end into square or round tubes, or boxes, these
square or round tubes, or boxes, having hand holes with covers, and each set of
such square or round tubes, or boxes, with their connecting vertical angle tubes
forming a separate section, these sections being placed side by side, and each
section being connected at its top end by a tube to a water and steam chest or
chests, the round or square tubes, or boxes, being placed at right angles to the
water and steam chest or chests, and the sections being placed ou either one or both
sides of the water and steam chest or chests, substantially as described and shown
in drawings.
3. In a water tube steam boiler, the use of groups or sections of tubes fitted into
round or square tubes, or boxes, with hand holes as described, placed parallel with
the steam and water chest or chests, side by side, on either one or both sides of the
steam and water chest or chests, the round or square tubes, or boxes, being
connected together at each end by a tube leading to the steam or water chest or
chests, substantially as described and shown in drawings.
4. In a water tube steam boiler, as described, the method of connecting the
sections of tubes to independent water tubes, such water tubes being connected to
a steam and water chest or chests, substantially as specified and shown in
drawings.
5. In a water tube steam boiler as described, the method of blowing out the
water from any section separately, as desired, and the locking arrangement for
insuring that all the cocks or valves are open, substantially as specified.
6. In a water tube steam boiler as described, the use of bent tubes fitting into
suitably shaped tubes or boxes at the top and at the bottom, such tubes or boxes
being furnished with hand holes with covers opposite each tube, substantially as
described.
Daad : ul
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1005