Year: 1897

page_text: We, JAMES CAMERON OLLARD, and WILLIAM JOHN OLLARD, citizens of
the United States, residing at Crescent and Creamery Building, in the City of
Tacoma, County of Pierce, and State of Washington, United States of America,
Engineers and Machinists, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows :-
:
This invention relates to certain improvements in spraying apparatus or machines
such as are employed for spraying fruit trees, vines, etc., with water or insecticide
solutions, and the object of the invention is to provide a machine or apparatus of:
this character of a simple, effective and inexpensive construction adapted to be
drawn by horses, and provided with means actuated by the movement of the
machine itself for effecting the spraying.
The invention consists in the particular construction and arrangement of parts,
as hereinafter fully described.
The frame of the machine which may be of any preferred or usual construction,
having two short independent axles, journaled at its opposite sides and provided
with ground wheels, one of said ground wheels being secured to each axle. At
the central part of the front portion of the frame is journaled an upright or vertical
shaft, the lower end of which is bifurcated and carries between its forks a ground
wheel whereby the front end of the frame is supported, and said shaft is connected
at its upper end to a draft bar of suitable form.
The axles at opposite sides of the frame are aligned with each other and each of
Baid axles is provided with a sprocket wheel over which passes a link or chain belt,
engaged by an idler mounted on a bracket adjustably secured to the frame, so that
said link belt may be adjusted conveniently to the required tension, and the'
respective link or chain belts also pass over smaller sprocket wheels mounted on
short shafts, journaled at opposite sides of frame, in front of and parallel to the
respective axles, and each short shaft is provided with a crank to which is coupled
one end of a connecting rod the rear end of which is connected to the piston rod of
an air compressing pump, there being one of said pumps at each side of frame and
in the rear of the respective axles.
The said air compressing pumps cach comprise a cylinder or pump barrel, formed
with double walls whereby a space or chamber is formed surrounding the pump.
The inner chamber or barrel proper of the pump being provided at opposite ends
with ports which extend through nipples formed exteriorly on the cylinder and
threaded to receive valve casings with which the said ports communicate, said
casings being provided with valves provided with springs and adapted to close said
ports against the entry of air into the cylinder therethrough.
The piston rod extends through a central aperture formed in the end of each
cylinder and inside said cylinder a piston of any preferred and suitable
construction is arranged to play. The forward head of the cylinder is provided
with a series of ports grouped around the central opening through which the piston
passes, and inside the bore of said cylinder the said forward head is provided with
a tubular extension having a screw threaded inner end to receive a nut or

page_text: enlargement screwed thereon and serving to retain a spiral spring coiled on said
extension and bearing against an inlet valve arranged to close the ports in the
cylinder head.
The rear head of the cylinder is also provided with a circular series of ports
grouped about a central screw the tip of which extends into the cylinder and forms
a guide whereon is carried an inlet valve arranged to close the ports, and normally
held in its closed position by means of a spring coiled on said screw. The valves
are both arranged to open inwardly to admit air to the cylinder of the air
compressing pump, and it will be evident that when the piston is moved towards
one end of the cylinder, the air inlet valve at that end of the cylinder will be closed
and the air outlet valve at that end will be opened, and simultaneously the air inlet
valve at the other end of the cylinder will be opened and the corresponding air
outlet valve will be closed.
Each valve casing at each side of the machine is provided with an outlet pipe
extending above the cylinder, and the said pipes at each side of the machine are
connected together at their upper ends by a pipe and connect with an air pipe
which extends up vertically to about the center of the air tank of the machine, and'
the pipes at each side of the machine are connected together by means of a
horizontal air pipe, having a relief valve at its central portion where it connects
with an air pipe, extending into the, central part of the rear head of the cylindrical
air tank or reservoir, and is provided with an automatic check valve, the said
compressed air tank or reservoir being also provided with a relief or safety valve
and with a pressure gage.
The compressed air tank or reservoir is provided at its front end with an air
outlet pipe controlled by a stop cock which extends through the upper part of the
liquid tank or reservoir at the front end thereof, and extends almost to the bottom
thereof, being provided with a bent end, provided with a series of fine perforations
adapted to admit the air in the form of fine jets below the liquid level of the
solution or water in' said reservoir, so as to insure the thorough mixing or agitation
of-the-same as will be readily-understood...
.
The tank or reservoir is also of general cylindrical form, being made of suitable
strength and dimensions to adapt it for the purpose, and said tank is located
immediately beneath the compressed air tank or reservoir being at the center of
the frame of the machine, along which both tanks extend longitudinally, and said
liquid tank or reservoir is provided at the upper part of its front end with an inlet
pipe, provided with, a valve and having an expanded mouth, whereby said tank may
supplied with the liquids and other materials for spraying the plants.
At the base of the rear end of the tank or reservoir is provided a liquid outlet
pipe, having a cock and having a small fine brass wire strainer inserted between
said outlet pipe and stop-cock, and connected at its extremity by means of branch
pipes with short pipes which connect with the rear ends of the chambers between
the walls of the respective cylinders at opposite sides of the machine, said chambers
being provided with transverse partitions, at their lower parts where said pipes
open thereinto, and the forward ends of said chambers, communicate with outer
Pipes, arranged on the opposite sides of partitions to pipes, whereby the liquid
discharged from the reservoir by way of the outlet pipe is caused to circulate in
the chambers of the air compressing pumps, so, as to, absorb the heat generated by.
the compression of the air in said pumps, whereby the cylinders are kept cool.
The ends of the pipes connect with discharge pipes which extend longitudinally
along the opposite sides of the machine, being held in brackets or, hangers on the
sides of the frame, and in the forward ends of the discharge pipes are swivelled'
upwardly extending, spraying pipes one on each side of the machine, said spraying
pipes, being provided, with suitably, located spray nozzles, of any preferred
construction, and having; arms pivotally secured to their inner sides and provided.
with recesses, or notches formed in their under sides to be engaged by studs or pins
formed on the end of arms, mounted on a bracket which serves as a support for the
forward end of the air compressing tank or reservoir.

page_text: The rear ends of the discharge pipes are made to extend beyond the pipes to the
rear end of the machine frame, where they are provided with a stop-cock, adapted
to be connected to a hand hose, and said discharge pipes are provided with cocks
located between the pipes and spraying pipes, so that when the hand hose is used
for spraying, the supply of liquid may be cut off from one or both of the spraying
pipes.
In operation, the movement of the ground wheels, is transmitted through the
gearing to the crank shafts and piston rods of the air compressing pumps, causing
the piston to reciprocate in the cylinders and force air, into the compressed air
reservoir, and when a sufficient pressure has been produced in said reservoir; the
cock is opened to permit a current of air to be sprayed through the pipe into the
liquid tank or reservoir so as to agitate the liquid therein thoroughly.
When it is desired to spray the growing plants, trees, etc., the cocks are opened,
so that the liquid is forced from the liquid tank or reservoir under the air pressure
through the pipes, the chambers of cylinders of the pumping devices through
which it circulates, and the pipes, and to the spray nozzles from which it is
discharged in the form of spray upon the plants, as will be readily understood.
The valve is so arranged and situated that by its manipulation an important
economy is effected in the insecticide solution, since by its use the spraying can be
instantaneously stopped when the machine passes out of range of the vines or trees,
and no matter how short may be the space between the vines etc.; this has
heretofore been an element of very, considerable waste.
The spraying pipes being provided with adjustable supporting devices, as above
set forth, may evidently be set at any desired inclination to one another in order
to effect the spraying, and when it is desired to spray the liquid in places which it
is not possible to reach by means of the said spraying pipes, hand hose may be
connected to the respective stop cocks and the spray directed by haud. By this
arrangement of the parts it is possible to bring the spraying devices to bear on all
parts of the trees, vines etc., to be sprayed and that in a convenient manner.
This feature of my invention permits the spraying of small plants or fruits by
hand, or of affected parts without the necessity of employing the main spraying
pipes and nozzles, whereby a further economy is effected in the use of the solution.
By means of the hand hose, the spray can be directed at any desired part of a tree
or vine, so as to thoroughly spray that part without wasting any of the water or
solution.
The construction of the spraying apparatus as above described, is extremely
simple and convenient, and renders the device especially effective for use, since the
air is compressed continuously whilst the machine is in motion, and the pressure
thus stored up is employed for forcing or spraying the liquid from its reservoir,
when the machine is at rest as well as in motion. The relief valve in the pipe
permits one or both of the air compressing devices to be placed out of service when
required.
It will be evident from the above description of my improved spraying machine,
that some modification may be made in the construction thereof and in the form
and arrangement of the various parts, without material departure from the
principles of the invention, and for this reason we do not wish to be understood as
limiting ourselves to the precise construction herein set forth.
Deted this 20th der of Lul 1906
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.

page_text: *
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COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Spraying Apparatus.
7.
וי
0127
1
1
We, JAMES CAMERON OLLARD and WILLIAM JOHN OLLARD, residing at
Ocean Wharf, Tacoma, in the County of Pierce, and State of Washington, United
States of America, Engineers and Machinists, do hereby declare the nature of:
this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
5
This invention relates to certain improvements in spraying apparatus or machines
such as are employed for spraying fruit-trees, vines, &c., with water or insecticide
solutions; and the object of the invention is to provide a machine or apparatus of
this character of a simple, effective, and inexpensive construction adapted to be
drawn by horses and provided with means. actuated by the movement of the 1
machine itself for effecting the spraying.
The invention consists in the particular construction and arrangement of parts
as hereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the claims.
In order that the improvements may be the better understood, we have shown in
the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, a spraying-
machine constructed in accordance with our invention, in which drawings similar
characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all of the figures.
Figure 1 is a side 'elevation of the spraying machine apparatus.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary view showing the nipple at the end of the
air-pipe leading from the air-reservoir to the liquid-reservoir.
Fig. 3 is a rear end elevation of the spraying machine or apparatus.
:
Fig. 4, is a fragmentary sectional view drawn to an enlarged scale and showing,
the construction of the air-pumping devices employed in carrying out the
invention; and,
Fig. 5, is a vertical section taken at right angles to Fig. 4 in the plane indicated
by the line in said figure and showing the construction of the said pumping
device.
In the drawings, 1 represents the frame of the machine, which may be of any'
preferred or usual construction, having two short independent axles 22, journaled
at its opposite sides and provided with ground-wheels 33, one of said ground-
wheels being secured to each axle, as clearly seen in the drawings. At the central
part of the front portion of the frame is journaled an upright or vertical shaft 4,
the lower end of which is bifurcated and carries between its forks a ground-wheel 5;
whereby the front end of the frame is supported, and said shaft 4 is connected at
its upper end to a draft-bar 6 of suitable form, as clearly shown in Fig. 1.
The axles 2 at opposite sides of the frame are aligned with each other, and each
of said axles is provided with a sprocket-wheel 7, over which passes a link or chain
belt 8, engaged by an idler 9, mounted on a bracket 10, adjustably secured to the
frame, as clearly seen, so that said link belt may be adjusted conveniently to the
required tension, and the respective link or chain belts 8 also pass over smaller
sprocket-wheels 11, mounted on short shafts 12, journaled at opposite sides of
frame in front of and parallel to the respective axles 2, and each short shaft 12
is provided with a crank 13, to which is coupled one end of a connecting-rod 14,,
the rear end of which is connected to the piston-rod 15 of an air-compressing
pump, there being one of said pumps at each side of frame 1 and in the rear of the
respective axles 2. The air-compressing pumps each comprise a cylinder or pump-
barrel 16, formed with double walls, whereby a space or chamber 17 is formed
surrounding the pump, as clearly seen in Figs. 4 and 5, the inner chamber or barrel
proper, 18, of the pump being provided at opposite ends with ports 19, which
extend through nipples formed exteriorly on the cylinder 16 and threaded to

page_text: receive valve-casings 20, with which the said ports 19 communicate, said casings 20
being provided with valves 21, provided with springs 22, and adapted to close said
ports 19 against the entry of air into the cylinder therethrough.
:
The piston-rod 15 extends through a central aperture formed in the end of each
cylinder 16, and inside said cylinder a piston 23 of any preferred and suitable
construction is arranged to play. The forward head of the cylinder 16 is provided
with a series of ports 24, grouped around the central opening, through which the
piston-rod passes, and inside the bore 18 of said cylinder the said forward head is
provided with a tubular extension '25, having a screw-threaded inner end to receive
a nut or enlargement 26, screwed thereon and serving to retain a spiral spring 27,
coiled on said extension 25 and bearing against an inlet-valve 28, arranged to close
the ports 24 in the cylinder-head, as clearly shown in Fig. 4. The rear head of
the cylinder 16 is also provided with a circular series of ports 29, grouped about a
central screw 30, the tip of which extends into the cylinder and forms a guide
whereon is carried an inlet-valve 31, arranged to close the ports 29, and normally
held in its closed position by means of a spring 32, coiled on said screw 30. The
valves 28 and 31 are both arranged to open inwardly to admit air to the cylinder
of the air-compressing pump, and it will be evident that when the piston 23 is
moved toward one end of the cylinder the air-inlet valve at that end of the cylinder
will be closed and the air-outlet valve 21 at that end will be opened, and simul-
taneously the air-inlet valve at the other end of the cylinder will be opened and the
corresponding air-outlet valve 21 will be closed.
Each valve-casing 20 at each side of the machine is provided with an outlet-
pipe 33, extending above the cylinder 16, and the said pipes 33 at each side of the
machine are connected together at their upper ends by a pipe 34 and connect with
an air-pipe 35, which extends up vertically to about the center of the air-tank of
the machine, and the pipes 35 at each side of the machine are connected together
by means of a horizontal air-pipe 36, having a relief-valve 37 at its central portion,
where it connects with an air-pipe 38, extending into the central part of the rear
head of the cylindrical air tank or reservoir 39, and is provided with an automatic
check-valve 40, the said compressed-air tank or reservoir 39 being also provided
with a relief or safety valve 41 and with a pressure-gage 42, as clearly seen in the
drawings.
The compressed-air tank or reservoir 39 is provided at its front end with an air-
outlet pipe 43, controlled by a stop-cock 43, which extends through the upper
part of the liquid tank or reservoir 44 at the front end thereof and extends almost
to the bottom thereof, as seen in dotted lines in Fig. 1, being provided with a bent
end 45, (see Fig. 2,) provided with a series of fine perforations adapted to admit
the air in the form of fine jets below the liquid-level of the solution or water in
said reservoir 44, so as to insure the thorough mixing or agitation of the same, as
will be readily understood. The tank or reservoir 44 is also of general cylindrical
form, being made of suitable strength and dimensions to adapt it for the purpose,
and said tank 44 is located immediately beneath the compressed-air tank or
reservoir 39, being at the center of the frame 1 of the machine, along which both
tanks extend longitudinally, and said liquid tank or reservoir 44 is provided at the
upper part of its front end with an inlet-pipe 46, provided with a valve 47, and
having an expanded mouth 48, whereby said tank may be supplied with the liquids
and other materials for spraying the plants.
At the base of the rear end of the tank or reservoir 44 is provided a liquid-outlet
pipe 49, having a cock 50, and having a small fine brass-wire strainer inserted
between said outlet-pipe 49 and stop-cock 50, and connected at its extremity by
means of branch pipes 51 with short pipes 52, which connect with the rear ends of
the chambers 17, between the walls of the respective cylinders 16 at opposite sides
of the machine, said chambers being provided with transverse partitions 53 at their
lower 'parts, where said pipes 52 open thereinto, and the forward ends of said
chambers 17 communicate with other pipes, 54, arranged on the opposite sides of
partitions 53 to pipes 52, whereby the liquid discharged from the reservoir 44-by

page_text: ↑ way of the outlet-pipe 49, is, caused to circulate, in the chambers 17 of the air-
compressing, pumps, so as to absorb the beat generated by the compression of the
air in said pumps, whereby the cylinders are kept cool.
The ends of the pipes 54 connect with discharge-pipes 55, which extend
longitudinally along the opposite sides of the machine, being held in brackets or
nhangers on the sides of the frame 1, and in the forward ends, of the discharge-
pipes 55 are.swiveled upwardly extending spraying-pipes 55, are swiveled upwardly
extending spraying-pipes 56, one on each side of the machine, said spraying-pipes
being provided with suitably, located spray-nozzles, 57, of any preferred construction,
and having arms. 58, pivotally secured to. their inner sides and provided, with
recesses -or, notches 59, formed in their under, sides, to be engaged by studs, or
pins 60, formed on the end, of arms.61, mounted on a bracket 62, which serves as
a support for the forward end of the air-compressing, tank or reservoir 39:
The rear ends of the discharge-pipes 55 are made to extend beyond the pipes,54
to, the rear end of the machine-frame, as seen at 63 in Fig. 1, where, they are
provided with a stop-cock 64, adapted to be connected, to a hand-hose, and said
discharge-pipes .55 are provided with cocks 65, located between the pipes 54 and
spraying-pipes 56, so that when the hand-hose is used for, spraying the supply of
liquid may be cut off from one or both of the spraying-pipes 56.
In operation the movement, of the ground-wheels. is transmitted, through the
gearing to the crank-shafts and piston-rods 15 of, the air-compressing pumps,
causing the pistons 23 to reciprocate in the cylinders, 16 and force, air into the
compressed-air reservoir 39, and when a sufficient pressure has been produced in
said reservoir the cock 43 is opened to permit a current of air to be sprayed through
the pipe 43 into the liquid, tank or reservoir 44, so as to agitate the liquid therein
thoroughly. When, it is desired to spray the growing plants, trees, &c., the
cocks 50 and 65 are opened, so that the liquid is forced from the liquid tank or
reservoir 44 under the air-pressure through the pipes 49, 51, 52, the chambers 17
of cylinders 16 of the pumping devices through. which it circulates, and, the
pipes 54, 55, and 56 to the spray-nozzles 57, from which it is discharged-in-
1..the form of spray,, upon the plants, as will be readily understood from the
-drawings.
The valve 50 is so arranged and situated that by its manipulation an important
. economy is effected in the insecticide solution, since by its use the spraying can be
instantaneously stopped when the machine passes out of range of the vines or trees
and no matter, how short may be the space between the vines, &c. This has
heretofore been an element of very considerable waste.
il
.
"
The spraying-pipes 56 being provided with adjustable supporting devices, as
above set forth, may evidently be set at, any desired inclination to one another in
order to effect the spraying, and when it is desired to spray the liquid in places
which it is not possible. to reach by means of the said spraying-pipes,hand-hose
may be connected to the respective stop-cocks 64 and the spray directed by hand.
By this arrangement, of the parts it is possible to bring the spraying devices to
bear on all parts of the trees, vines, &c., to be sprayed, and that in a convenient
manner. This feature of our invention permits, the spraying of small plants or
fruits by band, or of affected parts without the necessity of employing the main
spraying pipes and nozzles, whereby a further economy is effected in the use of the
solution. By means of the hand-hose the spray, can be directed at any desired
part of a tree, or vine, so as to thoroughly spray that part without wasting any of
the, water or solution.
The construction, of the, spraying apparatus as above described is extremely
simple, and convenient and renders the device especially effective for use, since the
...air is compressed continuously while the machine is in motion, and the pressure
thus stored up is employed for forcing or spraying the liquid from its reservoir
when the machine is at, rest as well as in motion. The relief-valve in the
pipe 36 permits one, or both of the air-compressing devices to be placed out of
service when required.
".

page_text: It will be evident from the above description of our improved spraying-machine
that some modification may be made in the construction thereof and in the form.
and arrangement of the various parts without material departure from the.
principles of the invention, and for this reason we do not wish to be understood
as limiting myself to the precise construction herein set forth.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said'
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what.
we claim is:―
1. In a spraying apparatus, the combination of a frame, a liquid-tank extending-
longitudinally along the central part thereof, discharge-pipes extending longi-
tudinally of the frame on opposite sides of the liquid-tank, and connected thereto,
means for forcing the liquid from the liquid tauk through the discharge-pipes,
spraying-pipes swiveled on said discharge-pipes and arranged to swing laterally of
the frame toward and from each other, a bracket mounted on the liquid-tank with
its ends extending in opposite directions from the sides thereof, and notched arms.
pivotally connected to the spraying-pipes and having their notches arranged to.
engage the projecting ends of said bracket, substantially as set forth.
2. In a spraying apparatus, the combination of a frame, a liquid-tank extending
longitudinally along the central part thereof, discharge-pipes extending on the
frame at opposite sides of said liquid-tank and connected thereto, a bracket held
on the upper part of the liquid-tank, an air-tank supported by said bracket and
also extending longitudinally of the frame above the liquid-tank arms on said.
bracket projecting on opposite sides of the air-tank, a connection between the air
and liquid tanks, spraying-pipes swiveled on the discharge-pipes and arranged to...
swing laterally of the frame, and arms pivotally connected at their outer ends."
to the spraying-pipes and having their inner ends adapted for adjustable.
connection to the projecting arms of the bracket on the liquid-tank, substantially-
as set forth.
Dated this 5th day of April 1897
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents..