IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING HOLES IN AND FOR SURFACING METAL
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Scriven, of the Leeds Old Foundry, Leeds, in
the County of York, Engineer, for an invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING HOLES IN AND FOR SURFACING
METAL
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Scriven at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th February 1882.
CHARLES SCRIVEN of the Leeds Old Foundry Leeds, in the County of York,
Engineer. 'IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING HOLES
66
IN AND FOR SURFACING METAL
"
My invention has reference to machinery or apparatus for cutting holes of
circular or elliptical form in metal plates, such as boilers, ship's hulls and other
similar structures, and for surfacing or trueing up metallic objects.
For these purposes I provide a suitable framework that can be conveniently
attached to the object to be operated upon. This framework carries a fixed spindle
or bolt, having a screw thread on a part thereof, on which is a nut, that when
operated gives the required feed motion to a cutter or cutters, to which end the
nut has a differential motion imparted to it by suitable gear. A part of the nut
forms an axis for a disc or frame that carries the cutter or cutters, this cutter
disc or frame is free to rotate independently of the nut, and at its periphery is
provided with teeth into which a pinion gears that drives it, and which is mounted
upon the first motion or driving shaft of the machine. This shaft may be driven
from any motor or by hand.
The withdrawal of the cutter or cutters may be quickly effected either before or
after having passed through the plate or object under operation by releasing one
part of the before-mentioned differential gear, and locking another part, and at the
same time imparting a contrary motion to the cutter disc or frame.
When the machine is used for turning or trueing up surfaces, in order to ensure
the requisite degree of steadiness to the cutter disc or frame, suitable guiding
bearings are provided through which the cutter disc or frame is caused to travel,
the beforementioned differential motion is disconnected from the cutter disc or

page_text: frame, and a suitably arranged radial movement is imparted to the cutter slido
or slides which move in guides in the cutter disc or frame, provided for that
purpose.
For cutting elliptical holes I use only one cutter, to which I impart a radially
reciprocating motion as the cutter disc or frame revolves, this I accomplish by the
use of a train of gearing in conjunction with an eccentric or cam, the throw of
which is variable to suit the different proportions of the ellipses desired. I travel
the cutter disc in the direction of the object under operation in the same manner
and by the same differential motion as when cutting circular holes. To fix the
machine in position there should be first formed in the plato or object to be
operated upon, a small hole in a situation coinciding with the centre of the
intended larger hole to be cut, and through this small hole the beforenamed fixed
spindle or bolt is to be passed, then it is to be suitably secured, for instance, by a
crossbar and nut. For turning out holes or recesses and for surfacing, in cases
where the above named fixed spindle or bolt cannot be passed through the object
to be operated upon, the machine may be secured thereto in any other convenient
mauner.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Charles Scriven in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
22nd August 1882.
CHARLES SCRIVEN, of the Leeds Old Foundry, Leeds, in the County of York,
Engineer IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING HOLES IN
AND FOR SURFACING METAL.
My invention has reference to machinery or apparatus for cutting holes of
circular or elliptical form in metal plates, such as those of boilers, ships' hulls, and
other similar structures, and for surfacing and trueing up metallic objects. For
these purposes I provide a framework, either in the form of a single arch or bridge,
a tripod, or a cross, which may be conveniently attached to, and have two or more
bearing points upon the object to be operated upon, in such wise as not to be in
contact with that portion of the plate or object intended to be cut out or
surfaced. This framework carries a fixed spindle, one part of which acts as a bolt
for fixing in position upon the plate or object to be operated upon.-A small hole
being first cut in the plate or object, and may coincide approximately with the
centre of the larger hole intended to be cut by the machine, the said small hole
being somewhat larger than the bolt part of the said fixed spindle, permits of the
adjustment of the machine in the exact position required. On the opposite side
of said plate or object to that on which the machine operates, I placo a crossbar of
sufficient length to reach beyond the hole intended to be cut, and through which
the bolt part of the fixed spindle passes.-By the aid of the spindle and of an
ordinary nut, I fix the machine, Or instead of the said fixed spindle passing
through the plate or object under operation, it may terminate a short distance
from or before it reaches such plate or object and may have an internal screw
thread at its lower or inner end for the reception of a screw bolt by which the
machine may be fixed. The said fixed spindle has a screw thread on a part
thereof, on which is a nut, that when operated gives the required feed motion to a
cutter disc or frame, and cutter or cutters, to which end the nut has a differential
motion imparted to it by a train of gearing. A. part of the aut forms an axis for
the abovenamed cutter dise or frame, which is free to rotate upon and indepen-
dently of the said nut, and at its periphery is provided with teeth into which a
pinion gears that drives it, and which is mounted upon the first motion or driving
shaft of the machine. This shaft may be driven from any motor or by hand.-The
withdrawal of the cutter or cutters may be quickly effected either before or after
their passage through the plate or object under operation, by releasing one part of
the beforementioned differential gear, and locking another part, which at the same
time imparts a contrary or retiring motion to the cutter disc or frame. After the
opeartion of cutting through a plate or other object has been completed, the
machine or apparatus is still fixed thereto, and by unscrewing the ordinary nut or
screwbolt before referred to, both the machine and the portion of plate or object
which has been cut out, may be removed. When the machine is used for turning
or trueing up surfaces, in order to ensure the requisite degree of steadiness to the
cutter disc or frame, suitable guiding bearings are provided, through which the
cutter disc or frame is caused to travel, the beforementioned differential motion is
disconnected from the cutter disc or frame, and a selfacting radial movement is
imparted to the cutter slide or slides, which move in guides in the cutter disc or
frame provided for that purpose.-For cutting elliptical holes I use only one
cutter, to which I impart a radially reciprocating motion as the cutter disc or
frame revolves, this I accomplish by the use of a train of gearing in conjunction
with a cam or eccentric, or its equivalent (as a crank) the throw of which is
variable to suit the different proportions of the ellipses desired-I cause the cutter
disc to travel in the direction of the object under operation in the same manner
and by the same differential motion as when cutting circular holes. For turning

page_text: out holes or recesses, and for surfacing, in cases where the abovenamed fixed
spindle or screw bolt cannot be passed through the object to be operated upon, the
machine may be secured thereto by the feet of the frame or in any other con-
venient manner.
And in order that my said Invention may be the better understood I hereunto
append two sheets of explanatory drawings to be hereinafter referred to.-In these
drawings the same reference letters are used to denote the same or like parts
wherever they are repeated.-Fig. 1, Sheet 1, is an elevation partly in section,
Fig. 2, is an elevation at right angles to that in Fig. 1,-and Fig. 3, is a plan of a
machine or apparatus according to my Invention, as arranged for cutting circular 1
holes. A, is the plate or object to be operated upon. A 1, the principal framework,
bridge, tripod or cross.-B, the spindle fixed at one end to the said bridge or
framework A 1, the other end being arranged to pass through a hole C, previously
referred to, in the plate A, or object under operation (shewn in section in Fig. 8,
sheet 2) and through a crossbar D, by means of which and the nut E, the machine 1
is secured in position, or the said fixed spindle may terminate a short distance from
the plate A, as previously explained, and the machine be secured by the screw-
bolt E1, as shewn in Figs. 1, and 2.-The bearing points of the said bridge,
tripod or cross upon the plate or object A, under operation, are outside of the hole
intended to be cut, so that when the cutting of the hole therein has been 2
completed, the machine or apparatus is still firmly fixed in position.-The
fixed spindle B, has a screw thread formed upon it at the part between the
underside of the framework A 1, and the plate or object under operation.
On this screw thread is the nut F, on the periphery of which the cutter disc or
frame G, is so mounted as to be capable of turning freely thereon between the
wheel G 1, and the collar G 2, of said nut F.-The periphery of the said cutter disc
is formed into a toothed wheel, into which the pinion H, gears, and by which it is
driven, a handle or pulley being placed on the pinion shaft at I.-The cutter disc
is provided with slots G 3, in which the cutters G4, for cutting circular holes are
adjusted in position and fixed by the wedge shaped bolts J. Figs 1. 2. and 3, and
shewn more particularly in Fig. 4, which is a cross-section of the cutter disc on the
line 1. 1. Fig. 3. Fig. 5, is a partial edge view of said cutter disc G.-The feed
motion of the disc and cutters is effected in the following manner; -on the
underside of the bridge or framework A1, is fixed the spur wheel K, concentric
with the axis of the cutter disc, and so arranged that it cannot revolve. The
flange of the nut F, is formed into a similar spur wheel G1, Upon a stud L, in
the cutter disc are two wheels or pinions M, and N, the former of which takes
into and is carried by the disc (planet-wise) around the fixed wheel K, receiving a
rotating motion therefrom around its own axis.-When the wheel M, is locked to
the wheel N, by the conical nut O, it gives motion thereto, and through it to the
nut wheel G 1.-A suitable difference in the respective numbers of the teeth of
these wheels causes the disc and cutter or cutters to advance gradually towards the
plate or object under operation.-When required the cutters and disc may be
caused to retire quickly from the plate or other object, by releasing the wheel or
pinion M, from the wheel or pinion N, and fixing the latter to the stud L, by the
contrary action of the conical nut O, against the head of the stud L.-The
rotating motion of the cutter disc will then impart to the nut F, a contrary
motion to that imparted by the differential motion just described, and at the
same speed as that of the disc itself, thus causing the retirement of the cutters
and disc (per revolution) to equal the pitch of the screw on the fixed spindle B.-
Fig. 6. Sheet 2. shews in elevation a modification of the machine or apparatus
when applied to surfacing or trueing up metallic objects. Fig. 7, is a plan of the
same. P, P, are the guiding bearings previously referred to for steadying the
cutter frame or disc G, more effectually during the said surfacing or trueing up
process. The cutter slides Q, Q, Q, have an intermittent selfacting traverse motion
radially in the guide slots G 3, of the disc G, imparted to them by the screws
R, R, R, bevil pinions S. S. S, and bevil wheel T, in connection with the starwheel U,

page_text: the arms of which come into contact with the fixed stud V, during the rotating
motion of the cutter disc, and are thereby moved such a portion of a revolution as
required for the said intermittent feed. The depth of cut of the tools may be
regulated by turning the nut F, prior to fixing the guiding bearings P, P, P, or by
other equivalent means.-The differential feed gears K, M, N, and G 1, are, in this
case, rendered inoperative, the stud L, and the pinious M, and N, being removed
from the cutter disc to permit of the application of the finger or stud V, and the
starwheel and the radial feed gear abovementioned.-Fig. 7a, is an elevation in
part, of the cutter disc G [partly in section] shewing an arrangement applicable in
cases where it is desirable to avoid making a hole such as C, in the plate or object
under the operation of surfacing or trueing up. A centre e, screwed into the end
of the fixed spindle B, is caused to press into a puncture in the said plate or object
and thus assists in steadying the spindle B, and at the same time serves to adjust
the machine in position. Fig. 8, Sheet 2. shews in elevation the machine when
arranged for cutting elliptical holes. For this purpose one cutting tool only is
used, a radially reciprocating motion being imparted thereto, twice during each
revolution of the disc G, by the gearing wheels W, X, Y, which receive motion by
their planet-wise movement round the fixed wheel K, (as in the case of the
previously described differential motion) and impart the same to the crank Z, the
pin or stud a, of which (or its throw) is variable in position to suit the proportions
of ellipses required. The link b. for connecting the cutter slide d, to the said crank
pin a, is provided with a slot c, for the adjustment of the cutter to the diameters
of said ellipses,―The differential feed motion for advancing the cutter disc G, with
the cutter, towards the plate or object under operation, as previously described
with reference to cutting circular holes, is also used in this case.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention and the manner of
carrying the same into practical effect, I would have it understood that what I
consider to be novel and original and therefore claim as secured to me by the
herein before first in part recited Letters Patent, is
1. In a machine for cutting holes in metal plates, and for surfacing or trueing
up metallic objects, the use in combination of a frame such as A 1, that will span
the part to be cut out, or surfaced, means for fixing the same as explained, to the
article to be operated upon, and a screwed central spindle fixed to the said frame
and provided with a nut F, that serves as axis for a tool disc such as G, and is
suitably actuated to give the required feed, substantially as herein before
described.
2. The improved machine or apparatus for cutting circular and elliptical holes in
metal plates, and for surfacing or trueing up metallic objects, constructed, arranged
and operating substantially as herein before described with reference to and shewn
in the accompanying drawings.
In Witness whereof, I, the said Charlos Scriven have hereunto set my hand
and
this is
L
T
Witness to the Signature of
the said Charles Scriven.
THO. E. CRAVEN C.E.,
Patent Agent
24 Victoria Chambers
Leeds.
CHAS. SCRIVEN. (L.S.)