AN ENGINE FOR THE SPINNING, DRAWING, AND TWISTING OF COTTON WOOL, THE WOOL OF SHEEP, SILK, AND FLAX, AFTER A NEW OR MORE EXPEDITIOUS METHOD
Year: 1777

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, EDWARD
HALLAM, Joiner, and THOMAS HEYS, Sleymaker, both of the Town and County
of the Town of Nottingham, send greeting.
WHEREAS we, the said Edward Hallam and Thomas Heys, did, by our
petition, humbly represent unto His present most Excellent Majesty King
George the Third, that, after much labour and expence, we had invented and
brought to perfection "AN ENGINE FOR THE SPINNING, DRAWING, AND TWISTING OF
COTTON WOOL, THE WOOL OF SHEEP, SILK, AND FLAX, AFTER A NEW OR MORE
EXPEDITIOUS METHOD," which we believed would be of great publick utility, and
that we were the sole Inventors thereof; we therefore humbly prayed His said
Majesty that he would be graciously pleased to grant unto us, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, His Royal Letters Patent for the sole making and
vending of our aforesaid new invented engine within England, Wales, and
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, for the term of fourteen years, according to
the Statute in such case made and provided: His said Majesty, being willing
to give encouragement to all arts and improvements that might be for the
publick good, was graciously pleased to condescend to our request, and there-
fore, by His Royal Letters Patent, bearing date at Westminster, the Tenth
day of April, in the seventeenth year of His reign, of His especial grace,
certain knowledge, and meer motion, for Himself, His heirs and successors, did
give and grant unto us, the said Edward Hallam and Thomas Heys, our
executors, adiñiors, and assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole priviledge
and authority, that we, the said Edward Hallam and Thomas Heys, our execu-
tors, administrators, and assigns, and every of us, by himself and themselves,

page_text: or by our and their deputy or deputies, servants or agents, or such others as we,
the said Edward Hallam and Thomas Heys, our éxecutors, admors, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend our said Invention within that part of
His said Majesty's Kingdom of Great Britain called England, His Dominion of
Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in such manner as to us, the said
Edward Hallam and Thomas Heys, our executors, adiñors, and assigns, or
any of us, should in our discretions seem meet; and that we, the said Edward
Hallam and Thomas Heys, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
and lawfully might have and enjoy the whole profit, benefit, commodity, and
advantage from time to time coming, growing, accrewing, and arising by
reason of the said Invention, for and during the term of years therein men-
tioned; to have, hold, exercise, and enjoy the said licence, powers, priviledges,
and advantages therein-before granted or mentioned to be granted unto us,
the said Edward Hallam and Thomas Heys, our executors, adññiors, and assigns,
for and during and unto the full end and term of fourteen years from the
day of the date of the said Letters Patent next and immediately ensuing, and
fully to be compleat and ended, according to the Statute in such case made
and provided; in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that if we,
the said Edward Hallam and Thomas Heys,, should not particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals,
and cause the same to be inrolled in. His said Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within four calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent, that then the said Letters Patent, and all liberties
and advantages whatsoever thereby granted, should utterly cease, determine,
and become void, anything therein-before contained to the contrary thereof in
anywise notwithstanding, as by the said in part recited Letters Patent, relation
being thereunto had, may appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Edward Hallam and Thomas. Hey's,
in compliance with the said proviso, do. hereby describe and ascertain the
nature of our said Invention, and declare that the same is, composed of the
several particulars in the plan or Drawings and illustration thereof above
drawn and wrote, and to be performed in manner following (that is to say):-
Before the machine is putt in motion, for spinning, the sliding frame
marked H is down at L, and the frame marked S, and flatt barr, marked. X,
are both down, (the quadrant marked. U being turned beyond the end of the
lifting barr marked W,) and the flatt barr X rests upon the pulley fastened

page_text: +5175 *
upon the same axis with the pulleys e, and remains so at rest untill the
quadrant comes to act on the lifting bar W. A person having brought down
the ends of the rovings from the reel marked O to the pulleys e, and there
joined them to the ends of the threads brought up from the bobbins marked Y;
the person then turning the winch at the end of the cylinder marked B, putts
the whole machine in motion for spinning, in which motion the frame marked
H slides up (by means of the cord marked G), and takes the frame marked N
with it to the topp of the sloping part of the wooden frame marked A. Whilst
the frame H is sliding up from L to the standard K, the pulleys e are turned
by means of the barr X resting upon the pulley (rolling under such barr)
fixed on the same axis with the said pulleys e, 'and thereby the pulleys e (by
means of the fish skin with which the grooves of such pulleys are lined) draw
from the reel and deliver for spinning a proper length of rovings. When the
frame Hasscends beyond the standard K, the pulleys e are stopped from turn-
ing by means of the catch being by such standard thrown into the ratchet wheel
fixed on the same axis with the pulleys e, and the length of rovings delivered
for spinning are twisted and spunn by the motion of the machine during the
period the sliding frame H is asscending from the standard K, and whilst the
frame H by its own gravity returns down again to L, the threads spun are
wound upon the bobbins Y, by the continued motion communicated to them
by the bands marked Q.
1.
In witness whereof, we, the said Edward Hallam and Thomas Heys, have
hereunto respectively set our hands and seals, this First day of August,
in the seventeenth year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the
Third, by the grace of God, of Great Britain, France, and Ireland,
King, Defender of the Faith, and so forth, and in the year of our Lord
One thousand seven hundred and seventy-seven.
ED HALLAM.
(L.S.)
THOS HEYS. (L.S.)

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same First day of August, in
the year above said, the aforesaid Edward Hallam, and on the Second day of
the same August, in the said year above mentioned, the aforesaid Thomas
Heys, came before our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and severally
and respectively acknowledged the Specification of their Invention aforesaid,
and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according to the tenor of the
Statute made in the sixth year of the reign of the late King and Queen
William and Mary of England, and so forth.
Inrolled the Seventh day of August, in the year above said.

page_text: Fig 1st. Is a Direct (not a perspective) view of the End of the Machine and the several other Drawings are Sections of the several parts of the Machine.
A. The end of the Wooden frame of the Machine the upper part of which is made Sloping.
B. A Cylinder which being turned by the Winch at the end gives motion to the whole Machine.
C, A Pinion giving motion to D.
D, A Wheel with the regulating Lever and Cord the Lever is made to Slide on two notches (one of which notches is on the Center pin of the Wheel) and by means
of a nutt or screw on each notch is fastened to any given length. so as to describe a Greater or Lesser Circle as occasion shall require.
E, A Regulator (in the Shape described in the plan or view) over which a Cord passes from the end of the Lever before mentioned.
F, A Wheel fastened on the same Axis with the Regulator E.
G, A Cord.
H, A Frame which slides backwards and forwards on Castors (running on the Sloping frame A it is drawn up by the Cord Gand descends down by its own Gravity.
I, The end of the said Sliding frame where a Ratchet Wheel and Catch are fixed.
K, A Standard over which the outward end of the Catch passes (as the frame Slides by it) and the inward end of the Catch is thereby throw into the Ratchet Wheel and
it remains so fastened till the frame has slided up and returned down again to L.
L, A Pin under which the said outward end of the Catch passes (when the frame is slided down) and thereby the inward end of such Catch is cast out of the
Ratchet Wheel and the Ratchet Wheel remains at liberty to turn till the frame has again slided up to K.
M, A Screw which fixes the Standard nearer or further from the Bobbins at Y for giving the Machine more or less Rovings to Spin as occasion requires_under
which is an Index for adjusting the same.
N, Another frame sliding backwards and forwards on Castors it is drove up by the motion of the frame H and follows it down again to a Catch near the
end of the Index where it rests till frame H returns up to it.
O, A Reel on which the Rovings (that are to be spun) are wound which Reel is fixed within the Sliding frame Nand is carried backwards and forwards along with it
P, The Rovings (that are to be spun) passing from the Reel to the pulleys at e.*
Q, Are Bands that go round the Cylinder to the Pulleys or Whalls at Z and give motion thereto.
R, A fixed frame on which the Spindles which carry the Bobbins do stand.
S, A frame that rises (by the motion of the Quadrant U) and takes the threads over the Spindles.
T, A Rod extending from the Wheel D, to the other side of the frame.
U, A Quadrant ficced to the end of and turning with the Rod T.
W, A Barr one end of which is fixed to the frame S and the other end (Sliding upon the Quadrant)is raised and fallen by the motion of such Quadrant which
Barr being connected with the frame S and the BarrXcommunicates the motion of rising and falling both to S and X.
X, A Flatt Barr (fixed to the other end of the frame S) and rises and falls along with it when this BarrX is down it rests on a pulley fastened on the same
aixis with the Ratchet Wheel before mentioned.
Y, The Bobbins that receive the threads when Spun.
Z, The Pulleys or Whalls that turn the Spindles.
a, The Flyers fixed on the Spindles.
b, A Pulley fastened on the Center pin of the Wheel 0.
c, The Standard on which the Reel O hangs.
d, A Line (hanging over the pulley) and weight to keep the Rovings Stret to the pulleys e.
e, Pulleys fastened on the same axis on which the Ratchet Wheel is fixed and have the same motion with it the Grooves of which pulleys are lined with
fish skin thereby to catch the Rovings.
f. The thread Spinning from the Rovings.
9, A piece (fixed on the frame) in which the pirottof Wruns.