Improvements in Pumping Apparatus for Producing Compressed Air or the like.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Nov., 1899-Accepted, 6th Jan., 1900
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pumping Apparatus for Producing Compressed
Air or the like.
I, ALBRECHT MARTIKKE, of Mansteinstrasse 3, Berlin, W., in the Empire of
Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
The object of the present invention is a pumping apparatus for producing
compressed air for motive power and other purposes by means of which the said
compressed air can be produced in a cheaper manner than hitherto, as the
amount of power required to produce same is reduced to a minimum.
For this purpose a number of air pumps and a number of receivers, the
latter arranged one within the other are provided, the said pumps and receivers
being connected together by air equalizing pipes and so joined to each other
by suction and pressure pipes that the first pipe sucks in air from the atmo-
sphere whilst the last pump forces air into the centre receiver.
In the annexed drawing such a pumping apparatus is shown as an example
and represents in Fig. 1 a longitudinal section and in Fig. 2 a plan view
thereof.
The apparatus consists of 9 or other suitable number of air pumps a', ²,
a³, at, a, a, a, a, a, and annular concentric air cylinders or receivers b¹, 6, 6,
64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69. The latter are arranged one within the other as shown and
are fastened to the under side of the base plate c. The air pumps etc.,
are fastened on the upper plate e connected by screw bolts d or the like with the
base plate c. All the pumps are connected with the cylinders belonging to
them by pressure equalizing pipes f. Each pump is provided with a valve body g
in which are placed the suction and pressure valves and with which the suction
and pressure pipes hi are connected.
The pumps are so connected with the receivers by means of these pipes that
the suction pipe of the first pump a¹ is in communication with the atmo-
sphere, whilst the pressure pipe à terminates in the outer air cylinder b. The
suction pipe of the second pump a is in connection with the air cylinder and
through the pressure pipe with the next air cylinder 6 and so on to the end
of the series. The last pump a³ has its pressure pipe i terminating in the centre
air cylinder and on the common air equalizing pipe f thereof, a return valve k
arranged for instance for 3 atmospheres over pressure is provided.
The manner of drawing in air from the atmosphere and converting it into
compressed air is as follows:-
All the pumps being connected by a crank shaft the cranks of which are
arranged at suitable angles round the shaft, are put into motion by a steam or
other engine or motor. The consequence is that each pump draws in air. The
pump draws the air in from the atmosphere and forces the same into the
cylinder The pump draws the air out of the cylinder b¹ and forces into be.
This action is repeated to the last pump a which draws air out of cylinder 68

page_text: and forces same into the cylinder 9. Then the collecting or compressing respec-
tively of the air commences as the return valve being arranged for instance
for three atmospheres over pressure and seated on the equalizing pipe f attached
thereto, holds the air back and only opens when the pressure in the cylinder b
gets stronger. The drawing in of the air through the first pump a regulates
itself according to the escape at the return valve k. As each pump has an
equalizing air pipe f connected with the cylinder into which the pump forces
air there is effected for instance commencing at pump a a pressure compensation
with the cylinder 6, also from pump as and so on to the first pump a¹ with
cylinder b
Consequently an under pressure of some pounds has to be overcome
under each pump piston, which is however nearly compensated for by the crank
shaft. Such a small counter pressure allows of a very loose packing for tightening
the pistons in the pumps, the friction of all movable parts being thus reduced
to a minimum. Also all the cylinders being arranged one within the other and
attached on one plate, they form thus cylindrical chambers supporting each other
because they contain compressed air, consequently thinner walls to the cylinders
may be used as the cylinder has to resist only a small counter pressure although
the cylinder 9, contains three atmospheres over pressure..
The compressed air thus obtained passing out through the return valve kis
collected in a separate cylinder from which it can be taken for use as motive or
driving power.
If compressed air of more than three atmospheres is required for instance 6,
12 or more atmospheres, similar apparatus to that described herein and repre-
sented in the drawings may be used only with the difference that not the air
from the atmosphere but the already obtained compressed air of three atmo-
spheres is brought to 6, 9 etc. atmospheres by being passed through the apparatus
the required number of times.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner, the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
A new or improved apparatus for producing compressed air in a cheaper
manner than hitherto by reducing the amount of power required to a mininium,
consisting of a number of air pipes and an equal number of cylinders the
latter arranged one within the other, which are so connected with the said pumps
by pressure compensating or equalizing pipes f and suction and pressure pipes h
and respectively that the air drawn in from the first pipe al is forwarded by
all pumps one after the other into all the cylinders one after the other and
collected in the centre cylinder under a certain predetermined pressure.
Dated this 20th day of November 1899.
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to Applicant, 18, Buckingham Street, Strand, W.C.