Improvements in Incandescent Carburetted Air or Gas Lighting, and Apparatus therefor or connected therewith.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Feb., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 14th Nov., 1895-Accepted, 16th Feb.,
1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Incandescent Carburetted Air or Gas Lighting,
and Apparatus therefor or connected therewith.
We, DAVID HANCOCK, Gas Engineer, of 50 West Ham Lane, JOHN BELL
CRAIG, Candle Maker, 3 Hotham Street, and ALFRED HEARN HANCOCK, Scenic
Artist, of 50 West Ham Lane, all of Stratford, in the County of London, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
This invention refers to a novel construction and arrangement and apparatus
comprising a non-atmospheric burner. What we term a non-atmospheric burner, is
so constructed, that no air is admitted at the burner to mix with the gas, the
carburetted air, or admixture of air and gas, being supplied to the burners already
mixed and in proper proportions for burning. The burner may assume the form of
a hollow disc or annulus supported in a pendant manner and with a down tube
through which the disc or annulus is supplied with carburetted air or gas which
issues from apertures around the exterior periphery of the disc or annulus and is
burnt. Around the down tube and just above the disc or other form of burner, we
place proper material or materials prepared in any well known manner suitable
when brought to incandescence by the gas burnt at the burner, to produce an
efficient illumination; in some cases instead of a mass of such material a casing may
be employed.
Exteriorally of this incandescent material, we provide a wire cage of suitable
character to confine the incandescent material and prevent same being disarranged
or damaged. We thus have an "inverted" incandescent lighting apparatus, with
an exteriorally arranged non-atmospheric burner, and such may be mounted in a
frame or case and have an inverted glass cover such as are common for so-called
inverted regenerative gas burners. The jets of carburetted air or gas being ignited
ascend over and around the exterior surface of the material contained within the
cage and bring the same to incandescence. Should it be so desired the flames may
be drawn to within the body of incandescent material by providing suitable
draught passages.
Instead of the flames from a circular burner impinging on the exterior surface of
the incandescent material we may employ a flat burner or burners, even of such
character as the "batswing" and others.
In some cases instead of the burner being below the incandescent material we
may place same above, say within a casing and so that the flame is directed onto the
upper side of the material the latter being supported as before by a cage, which
may have the form of an inverted cup. The incandescent material need not
necessarily consist of what we may call a solid mass, but may be hollow.
By our invention we produce an inverted incandescent light which presents
advantages common to the so-called inverted regenerative gas lights, while the
material to be brought to incandescence is not liable to be damaged by suddenly
lighting, or turning out the gas, as is common where a practically unsupported
"mantle" is employed with a gas flame in the interior of same.
Dated this 16th day of February 1895.

page_text: Improvements in Incandescent Carburetted Air or Gas Lighting,
and Apparatus therefor or connected therewith.
We, DAVID HANCOCK, Gas Engineer, of 50 West Ham Lane, JOHN BELL
CRAIG, Candle Maker, of 3 Hotham Street, and ALFRED HEARN HANCOCK,
Scenic Artist, of 50 West Ham Lane, all of Stratford, in the County of London,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention refers to a novel construction, arrangement, and apparatus,
comprising what we term a non-atmospheric burner, so constructed that no air is
admitted at the burner to mix with the gas, the carburetted air, or admixture of air
and gas being supplied to the burners already mixed and in proper proportions for
burning. Apparatus suitable for the manufacture or preparation of the carburetted
air or gas for the supply of such burners is described in the Specification of our
application for Patent No. 3425 and dated 16th February 1895.
My invention will be best understood by describing same with reference to the
accompanying drawings.
Figure is a vertical section of our non-atmospheric burner according to one
arrangement, where there is an annular gas exit and the burner is supported in a
pendent manner, Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of the same or such a burner
fitted with shades.
A is the gas supply tube for conducting the gas down to the hollow chamber B
to the burner. The gas as herein so-called is composed of air saturated with vapor
of hydro-carbons or spirit, but in all cases it is delivered to the burner or burners
in the condition necessary for burning, although it should be understood that we do
not limit ourselves to the composition of the gas. Such carburetted air is herein-
after referred to as gas. The gas supplied to the hollow chamber B issues from
the annular aperture C, around the exterior periphery of the disc or hollow
chamber B. The annulus is produced or formed by a diaphragm of wire gauze D
surmounted by a washer D¹ of such a size as to produce the proper annular opening
by which the gas issues and is burnt.
Around the down tube A, and above the burner, we arrange the material to be
made incandescent, here shown in the form of a casing E, supported by a nut A¹ on
the down tube A, which is screwed so that the casing may be adjusted in height
vertically. G is a knob or handle at the base of the chamber B, by which the
whole burner with its down tube A may be removed from the gas supply tube H
and thereby allow of the casing E being taken away and renewed, adjusted, or
replaced by another. J is a pendent glass or globe carried by a gallery J1 and is
open at the base to allow of the burner being withdrawn or inserted. Figure 2
shows the same arrangement of burner and globe with an additional shade J².
Burners of the character before described placed below the incandescent material
are or may be arranged as shown at B, Figure 3, the incandescent material having
exterior wire cages also at Figure 4 where the wire cage is of conical form. The
object of the wire cage K is to confine the incandescent material and prevent same
being disarranged or damaged. The wire cage is arranged as shown outside the
incandescent material. The flames from the burner thus travel over the exterior
surface of the cage and incandescent material producing incandescence and we thus
have an inverted incandescent lighting apparatus with an exteriorally arranged
non-atmospheric burner and such may be mounted in a frame or case and have an
inverted glass cover L such as are common for so-called inverted regenerative gas
burners.

page_text: In some cases instead of the burner being below the incandescent material we
may arrange a suitable non-atmospheric burner above same as shown by the
sectional view Fig. 5 where the burner is placed within a casing E, and so that the
flame is directed on to the upper side of the incandescent material the latter
being supported as before by a cage K which may have the form of an inverted
cup.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is
1. In incandescent carburetted air or gas lighting, the non-atinospheric pendent
burner in combination with a casing of incandescent material arranged exteriorally
above the burner and surrounding the gas supply pipe and burner, substantially as
hereinbefore described and illustrated with reference to Figures 1 and 2 of the
accompanying drawings.
2. In incandescent carburetted air or gas lighting, the non-atmospheric pendent
burner, a casing or mass of incandescent inaterial arranged above the burner, and
surrounding the gas supply pipe, a wire cage to confine the incandescent material,
and an inverted glass cover all substantially as described and illustrated with
reference to Figures 3 and 4 of the accompanying drawings.
3. In incandescent carburetted air or gas lighting a non-atmospheric pendent
burner, in combination with an inverted cup shaped casing of incandescent material
arranged exteriorally below the burner, and a wire cage to support the incandescent
material, substantially as herein before described and illustrated with reference to
Figure 5 of the accompanying drawings.
4. In incandescent carburetted air or gas lighting, the general construction and
arrangement of pendent non-atmospheric gas burners, and the arrangement or
placing of the incandescent material relatively thereto, substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings together
with any mere modification or modifications thereof.
Dated this 14th day of November 1895.
BREWER & SON,
London and Leeds, Agents for the Applicants.