IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR ATTACHING COVERS TO PAMPHLETS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine,
Lake, & Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR ATTACHING COVERS
TO PAMPHLETS." -A communication from abroad by Ezra Randall
Andrews, William Henry Clague, and Robert Benjamin Randall,
all of Rochester, New York, United States of America, Printers.
ealed the 3rd September 1872, and dated the 21st March 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake.
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 21st March 1872.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR
ATTACHING COVERS TO PAMPHLETS," a communication, to be as follows:-
:-

page_text: applying covers to pamphlets by hand labor, and it consists mainly in
a reciprocating rake or feeder, which takes the pamphlets at regular
intervals from a "bank" upon a suitable table and delivers them to the
machine; in sets of intermittently acting friction rollers which feed the
cover to the machine at the proper time; in a reservoir of paste or cement
and a device for applying the same automatically in the desired position
upon the cover as it passes into the machine; in a cover carrying
and supporting device (or devices), by which the covers are drawn hori-
zontally between two sets of main attaching rollers; in a set of forcing
rollers for pushing the pamphlet against the cover, causing the latter
to be folded over the back of the former, and a set of attaching or com-
pressing rollers, immediately adjacent, by which the cover and pamphlet
are joined; in a finishing press and backing roller to complete the
attachment and square up the back of the covered pamphlet; and an
endless apron provided with suitable devices for retaining the pamphlets
upon it in regular uniform position till dry or removed by an attendant.
It further consists in a peculiar method of seizing the pamphlets upon
the "bank" by means of needles projecting obliquely from the face of
the feeder head and arranged to be thrust into and withdrawn from the
pamphlet at the proper moment; and in suitable regulating devices for
causing the pamphlet and cover to meet properly before being attached;
and also in various mechanical means for actuating the parts, whereby
they are made to co-operate to produce the results mentioned. The two
sets of main rollers are actuated from the main shaft by gear wheels and
pinions linked together, and the motions of the other parts of the
machine are derived either directly or indirectly from the said main and
other shafts.
The pamphlet rake or feeder is provided upon its extremities with
supports, which are preferably friction rollers and move in grooved ways
attached to the frame of the machine. The rake receives a reciprocating
movement upon these ways by means of rocker arms. The rake is
provided with longitudinal bars arranged to move between guides on the
rake head.
Needles are attached to these bars at an angle, and pass through the
lower plate of the rake head. The bars are forced downward by springs,
and when allowed to descend the needles project through the rake head
and into the pamphlet, with which the rake comes in contact. The

page_text: needles in each bar are inclined in an opposite direction to those in the
other, and the slots being similarly arranged in the bars each set of
needles pierces the pamphlets at a considerable angle to the other, and
the pamphlet thus becomes attached to the rake till the needles are
withdrawn.
For the purpose of controlling the descent of the needles I provide a
cam stop having a bearing upon the rake head, which is kept continually
in contact with the under side of both bars by a spring. A lever is
pivotted to a suitable portion of the rake head, and bears at one ex-
tremity upon the toe of the cam opposite the spring, and at the other
supports a stop projecting below that face of the rake head through
which the needles pass. When the rake arrives near the inner extremity
of its movement upon the ways, the bars, each of which projects beyond
the other at one end of the rake head, come in contact with inclined
planes and are forced inward and lifted. This operation withdraws the
needles from the pamphlet and allows it to drop upon the carrier belts.
By means of the cam, lever, stop, and inclines the action of the feeder
in seizing and delivering is made automatic and coincident with its
reciprocations.
The carrier belts run over suitable rollers and deliver the pamphlets
with their backs upon the stop plate. The stop plate moves horizontally
in ways secured to the frame of the machine, and is automatically
moved therein by an oscillating arm. Vertically moving belts run over
rollers and in grooves in one main roller, against which the pamphlet is
forced by a friction roller. This roller has bearings upon bars moving
in ways above the plate, and which are linked to oscillating arms. The
said arms are pivotted at the centre to a yielding axis, located preferably
upon arms secured to a rock shaft, and are connected at the lower end
by links to the stop plate.
When the stop plate is drawn to the rear the said friction roller
advances and presses the pamphlet against the belts and guide roller
behind the belts, thus conveying it without fail to the rollers below.
The covers are fed into the machine from the table, and are auto-
matically carried to their position under the entering pamphlets by means
of revolving belts, which are supported by suitable rollers and driven
from one of the shafts. Friction rollers are mounted upon a shaft
having bearings on arms that are swung at the inner end upon a shaft.
▲ 2

page_text: The paste or cement to be applied to the cover is contained in a
reservoir, which is fitted closely over the distributing roller and supported
by bars. The diameter of the distributor is such that its periphery rests
upon the cover, which is supported underneath by a broad faced roller.
One roller of each of the sets has a lateral adjustment together with
its bearings for the purpose of accomodating pamphlets of different
thicknesses, and these bearings and rollers are forced towards the
stationary rollers by suitable springs. The reactionary movement of the
rollers is however limited by adjusting screws attached at the inner end
to the roller "boxes."
Between the two sets of rollers I introduce a pair of guide rollers or
bars, the lower surface or edge of which is upon or within a line drawn
tangentially to the lower side of the upper rollers, and the inner or
adjacent edges being the same distance apart as those rollers. One of
these guide bars is secured at the extremities to the bearings or boxes of
the adjustable roller. I also provide a pair of independent auxiliary
rollers, arranged above and between the lower set of rollers in the same
manner as the guides with relation to the upper rollers. By means of
the guides the pamphlet however thin is caused to descend and meet the
cover squarely without folding or doubling over.
A shoot conducts the covered pamphlet to the finishing press, the
moveable jaw of which is actuated at the proper time by a toggle joint
and cam. As each pamphlet drops from the shoot, the press being open,
it falls back downward upon a plate just as the press jaw moves up and
grasps the pamphlet; this plate is withdrawn, and meantime a backing
roller is forced around against the back of the pamphlet and returned
again to its place. The spindle of this backing roller is hinged at its
outer extremity to the frame of the machine, and motion is imparted to
it from tappets. A bar embraces this shaft, and it is provided with
wings, against which the tappets strike as they revolve.
A reciprocating follower moves upon a platform attached to the frame
of the machine, and as the pamphlet falls on the latter from the finishing
press the follower pushes it along upon an endless apron running hori-
zontally, or nearly so, over suitable rollers, the upper or loaded portion
being sustained upon a platform. This apron is provided with a head
or stop plate, against which the pamphlets are forced by the follower.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 18th September 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her' reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Robert Lake, Her special
licence that I, the said William Robert Lake, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Robert
Lake, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should. and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR ATTACHING COVERS TO PAMPHLETS," a
communication to me from abroad by Ezra Randall Andrews, William
Henry Clague, and Robert Benjamin Randall, all of Rochester, New
York, United States of America, Printers, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Robert Lake, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Robert Lake, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawings forming a part of this Specification :--
The object of this Invention is to supersede by the use of automatic

page_text: devices for performing all the necessary operations the usual process of
applying covers to pamphlets by hand labour, and it consists mainly in
a reciprocating rake or feeder, which takes the pamphlets at regular
intervals from a "bank" upon a suitable table and delivers them to
the machine; in sets of intermittently acting friction rollers, which feed
the cover to the machine at the proper time; in a reservoir of paste or
cement and a device for applying the same automatically in the desired
position upon the cover as it passes into the machine; in a cover
carrying and supporting device (or devices), by which the covers are
drawn horizontally between two sets of main attaching rollers; in a set
of forcing rollers for pushing the pamphlet against the cover, causing
the latter to be folded over the back of the former, and a set of attaching
or compressing rollers, immediately adjacent, by which the cover and
pamphlet are joined; in a finishing press and backing roller to complete
the attachment and square up the back of the covered pamphlet ; and
an endless apron provided with suitable devices for retaining the
pamphlets upon it in regular uniform position till dry or removed by an
attendant.
It further consists in a peculiar method of seizing the pamphlets upon
the "bank" by means of needles projecting obliquely from the face of
the feeder head and arranged to be thrust into and withdrawn from the
pamphlet at the proper moment; and in suitable regulating devices for
causing the pamphlet and cover to meet properly before being attached;
and also in various mechanical means for actuating the parts, whereby
they are made to co-operate to produce the results specified.

page_text: Figures 8 and 10 show a plan and elevation of opposite ends of the
pamphlet feeder.
A, Figures 1 and 3, is the main driving shaft, from which the shafts B
and C, Figures 2 and 3, are driven by bevel gear wheels a and b. These
shafts are provided with suitable bearings upon the frame A³ of the
machine. The two sets of main rollers E and F, Figure 3, are also
actuated from the main shaft A by gear wheels and pinions G, H, c, d,
e, f, g, Figures 1 and 2, linked together, as herein-after described; and
the motions of the other parts of the machine are derived either directly
or indirectly from the said shafts A, B, and C, as will be herein-after set
forth.
The pamphlet rake or feeder I, Figures 2, 3, 4, and 5, is provided upon
its extremities with supports h, Figures 4 and 5, which are preferably
friction rollers, and move in grooved ways k, Figures 1, 2, and 3,
attached to the frame of the machine. The rake I receives a recipro-
cating movement upon these ways by means of rocker arms j secured to
the shaft i, to which motion is imparted through the arm m from the
crank upon the shaft C.
Attachment to the rake is effected by the links ¹ passing loosely
through sockets o³, Figures 2 and 3, which are free to oscillate on the
ends of the arms j. Springs p³ are introduced between the sockets and
a shoulder upon the link k¹, the springs being of sufficient strength to
move the rake along the ways k under ordinary circumstances without.
yielding. The rake I is provided with longitudinal bars n, Figures 4, 5, 8,
and 10; the latter two Figures are drawn to an enlarged scale. The
said bars are arranged to move between guides o on the rake head, which
movement is caused to take place diagonally by means of the fixed
lugs p projecting into inclined slots q³ formed in the bars, as shown more
clearly in Figures 8 and 10.
Needles q, Figure 4, are attached to these bars at an angle corres-
ponding with the inclination of the slots q³, and pass through the lower
plate of the rake head. The bars n are forced downward by springs r,
and when allowed to descend the needles project through the rake head,
and into the pamphlet, with which the rake comes in contact. The
needles in each bar n are inclined in an opposite direction to those in
the other, and the slots q³ being similarly arranged in the bars each set of
needles pierces the pamphlets at a considerable angle to the other, and:

page_text: withdrawn.
For the purpose of controlling the descent of the needles I provide a
cam stop s, Figures 3, 4, and 5, having a bearing upon the rake head,
which is kept continually in contact with the under side of both bars n
by a spring t, Figure 4. When the bars rise the cam partly revolves
by the force of the spring acting upon a toe made fast to the cam, and
retains the bars in that position, as indicated in Figure 4. A lever u is
pivoted to a suitable portion of the rake head, and bears at one extremity
upon the toe of the cam opposite the spring t, and at the other supports
the stop v projecting below that face of the rake head through which
the needles pass. When the stop v comes in contact with the "bank"
of pamphlets by the advance of the feeder the lever u is forced against
the toe of the cam 8, so as to trip the latter and allow the bars n to
descend and the needles to pierce the pamphlet, as before described.
When the rake arrives near the inner extremity of its movement upon
the ways the bars n, each of which projects beyond the other at one
end of the rake head, come in contact with the inclined planes w,
Figures 2 and 3, and are forced inwards, and therefore lifted by means of
the lugs p and inclined slots q³. This operation withdraws the needles
from the pamphlet and allows it to drop upon the carrier belts K below.
Thus by means of the cam s, lever u, stop v, and inclines w, the action
of the feeder I in seizing and delivering is made automatic and coin-
cident with its reciprocations.
"bank" upon an
The pamphlets are taken by the feeder I from a
inclined table L at the rear of the machine, which may be extended to
sustain any desired number of pamphlets. A sliding follower M is
moved longitudinally along the table between two guiding boards &*, t³,
Figure 2, by means of chains or cords a¹ attached to and running upon
drums on the shaft 6. This shaft has bearings upon the frame of the
machine, and is actuated intermittently by means of the ratchet c¹ and
pawls d', Figure 3. These pawls are pivoted upon the oscillating arm e¹,
to which motion is imparted from the rocker arm f¹ by a suitable link.
The follower M being in the rear of the "bank" of pamphlets, as fast
as the latter are removed by the rake I the feed gearing above described
operates to advance the whole "bank" the thickness of one pamphlet.
When the "bank" is exhausted the lifting drums are disengaged from
the shaft b', the attendant pushes the follower M to the outer limit of

page_text: its movement, and having removed the guide & slides in a new
from the projecting portion of the table L, Figure 2.
"bank"
In case the feed of the "bank" is not perfectly adjusted, or the
pamphlets should be out of line in either direction, the links yield by
means of the interposed springs p³, and allow the rake head to accomo-
date itself to the position of the "bank." The pamphlets are sewn or
otherwise put together in form before being covered, as is the usual
practice, and they are placed upon the table L with their backs down-
ward. Consequently when they are delivered to the carrier belts K it is
necessary for them to be turned partly over in order that they may fall
upon their side with the back toward the forward part of the machine.
To accomplish this object I pivot the links ¹ to the rake head some
distance on one side of the centre of the supporting rollers h, as indicated
in Figure 3, whereby the thrust or draw of the links tends to swing the
rake over upon the rollers. Thus when the feeder moves to the rear the
base or needle plate takes the position shown in Figure 3, in a plane
parallel or nearly so with the pamphlets upon the table. When the
pamphlet is seized and the rake begins to move back it is partly revolved
by the drawer of the links A, the needle plate and pamphlet assuming a
nearly or quite horizontal position before the latter drops upon the
belts K. To ensure this rolling movement of the rake a bar a, Figure 3,
is fastened upon it, which as the rake advances to the "bank" passes
under the friction roller j¹, having a bearing fixed to the frame of the
machine, thus assisting the rake to revolve, and steadying it in its
advances. A track g¹ is also provided below the ways k, upon which
the toe ¹ moves when the rake is drawn inward. This also steadies its
motion and prevents its turning over till the bar meets the
roller j³.
The carrier belts K run over suitable rollers w³, Figures 2 and 3, and
deliver the pamphlets with their backs upon the stop plate 1. These
rollers and belts may be driven by a band ³, Figure 1, from one of the
main roller shafts, or by other convenient means. The plate. moves
horizontally in ways secured to the frame of the machine, and is auto-
matically moved therein by means of the oscillating arm N pivoted upon
the main frame A³, and actuated by a cam O, Figure 6, on the shaft C,
with which the lower end of the arm engages by means of a friction
roller. The pamphlet rests upon this plate momentarily till it is drawn

page_text: to the rear by the action of the cam O, which allows the pampblet to
pass down to the first set of rollers E, Figure 3.
To ensure this last-described action I provide the machine with the ver-
tically moving belts P running over rollers R' and in grooves in one main
roller E, Figures 2 and 3, against which the pamphlet is forced by the
friction roller m³. This roller has bearings upon bars n¹ moving in ways
above the plate P, and which are linked to the oscillating arms o¹,
Figures 1, 3, and 6. The said arms o' are pivoted at the centre to a yield-
ing axis p¹, located preferably upon arms secured to the rock shaft q',
Figures 3 and 6, and are connected at the lower end by links to the stop
plate, and consequently partake of the motion imparted to it by the
cam O. Thus it is obvious that when the stop plate is drawn to the rear
the roller m² advances by the reversing action of the levers o¹ and presses
the pamphlet against the belts P and guide roller R behind the belts,
thus conveying it to the rollers below. The axes p¹ of the arms o³ are
forced forward by a suitable spring, which is shown coiled about the
rock shaft q', but which, in case sliding axes are used, may be placed
behind them in any convenient manner. It will be observed that the
resilience of the axes p¹ will push the roller m³ forward against the
pamphlet with a force sufficient to ensure the passage of the latter down-
ward, while at the same time the roller may accomodate itself to
pamphlets of various thicknesses. When there occurs a considerable
variation of thickness in the classes of work to be done the rollers R, R¹,
may be adjusted with relation to the roller m² and stop & by means of
the screws x', Figures 2 and 3, which control the horizontal position of
the bearings of the said rollers.
The covers are fed into the machine from the table S, Figures 2 and 6,
and are automatically carried to their position under the entering
pamphlets by means of the revolving belts 71, Figures 2 and 3, which
are supported by suitable rollers and driven from the shaft T, Figures 2,
6, and 7, which in turn is actuated from the shaft B by a belt V and
suitable pulleys. Friction rollers &¹, Figures 2 and 7, are mounted upon
a shaft t, having bearings on arms ¹. The said arms are swung at the
inner end upon a shaft v¹, which has bearings upon the frame of the
machine, and is driven from the shaft T by spur gear wheels W. The
outer end of the arms u¹ is linked to rock arms upon a spindle y¹,
Figure 6, and another rock arm z secured to this spindle receives an
intermittent vertical movement from the cam ¹ upon the shaft B. The

page_text: shaft and friction wheels s¹ are driven from v' by belts a² and suitable
pulleys, and by means of the swinging arms u¹ these belts are kept
taut," whatever may be the vertical position of the shaft
ments.
and attach-
Thus it will be seen that by the revolutions of the cam z¹ the friction
wheels are alternately dropped into contact with and lifted away from
the belt rollers upon the shaft T, by which means the cover is grasped
at the proper time and carried forward upon the belts r¹. Stops c³,
Figures 6 and 7, are also attached to the rock shaft y¹ and partake of its
intermittent movement, their bent ends projecting somewhat above the
level of the belts r¹. Thus if the cover be fed down against these bent ex-
tremities while the rollers st are elevated when the cam 2¹ allows the latter
to descend the stops also descend, permitting the cover to be drawn upon
the belts. The cam z¹ is made in two parts, as indicated in Figures 3
and 6, one portion being adjustable upon the other circumferentially,
and clamped to it by a suitable set screw. By this means the working
face of the cam is lengthened or shortened, and the duration of contact
of the friction wheels with the cover carrying belts regulated for covers
of different sizes.
The paste or cement to be applied to the cover is contained in a
reservoir d², which is fitted closely over the distributing roller e³, Figure 7,
and supported by bars f² secured to the arms u¹. The diameter of the
distributor is such that its periphery rests upon the cover, which is sup-
ported underneath by the broad faced roller g², and it is made up of
several discs of sheet metal placed upon the shaft & and clamped upon
each side by nuts, which are screwed upon a threaded portion of the
shaft. The edge of each disc is slightly chamfered or rounded, and the
grooves or gutters thus left between the discs when they are placed
together receive and convey the paste from the reservoir to the cover.
The supporting roller g² is preferably covered with some elastic
substance to accomodate different thicknesses of covers, and it is also
found desirable to damp the lower side of the latter under the paste
distributor by means of the roller h² covered with a suitable porous
material, which absorbs water from a small basin and conveys it to the
surface of g², passing thence to the cover. The cover being thus moist-
ened in the line of the pasted portion the absorption of water from the
paste is prevented, and the adhesive qualities of the latter are retained.

page_text: The flow of cement from the reservoir is regulated by a gate and
adjusting screw. The width of the pasted surface may be increased at
pleasure by the addition of discs to the distributor e², and for this
purpose each disc is cut radially through to the central opening, as
indicated in Figure 9, whereby the discs may be sprung upon the shaft t
without removing any of the parts.
It will be seen that since the paste reservoir and distributor partake
of the vertical movement of the friction wheels s¹ the deposit of paste
upon the cover is controlled by the adjustment of the same actuating
cam ¹ which governs the former movement. A rod 2, Figure 2, extends
across the machine parallel with the cover belts r³, upon which rod a stop
is made adjustable. The cover enters on the belts till it meets this stop,
and there remains till the pamphlet descends to meet it, as herein-after
described.
In order to cause the pamphlet as it passes down from the stop 1
plate to register with the cover resting against the stop /* below a.
striker m², Figures 2 and 3, is attached to a bar n², which is fitted to slide
in suitable ways across the machine. A lever of is pivoted to the frame of
the machine, being connected at one extremity to the sliding bar n³ and
provided at the other with a toe p³, Figure 2, with which the rock arm j 2
comes in contact during its rearward movement. This latter operation
imparts to the plate m² a quick stroke, which forces the pamphlet lying
with its back upon the plate against the stop 12 on the opposite side
of the machine. The relative adjustment of the cover gauge and the
latter stop will depend upon the kind of work, the relative size of the 2
book and cover, and the position of the letterpress on the latter. The
toe p³ is pivoted to the lever of in such a manner as to yield upon the
return of the rock arm j, and consequently no motion of m² is
produced.
2¹
One roller of each of the sets E, F, has a lateral adjustment, together 3
with its bearings (which are indicated in dotted lines in Figure 3), for
the purpose of accomodating pamphlets of different thicknesses, and
these bearings and rollers are forced toward the stationary rollers by.
suitable springs. The reactionary movement of the rollers is however
limited by adjusting screws d³, which are attached at the inner end to 3
the roller "boxes" and controlled by nuts s² at the outer extremity.
Thus the rollers are free to move and compress the springs sufficiently to

page_text: allow the pamphlet to pass, while their general position is adjusted by
the nuts 83, whereby they may be regulated for pamphlets of widely
varying thickness. The rollers E and F are all driven from the same
shaft A by suitable gearing, as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 6, the inter-
mediates c, e, having their bearings on links swinging from the axes of
the main gear wheels, whereby all are retained in uniform mesh at any
lateral adjustment of the movable rollers.
Between the two sets of rollers E and F a pair of guide rollers or
bars a³ is introduced. The lower surface or edge of these rollers is upon
or within a line drawn tangentially to the lower side of the rollers E,
the inner or adjacent edges being the same distance apart as those rollers.
One of these guide bars is secured at the extremities to the bearings or
boxes of the adjustable roller, as indicated in dotted lines in Figure 3,
and consequently partakes of its movement and adjustment. A pair of
independent auxilliary rollers e³ is arranged above and between the lower
set of rollers in the same manner as the guides a³ with relation to the
upper rollers E, the same being thus below the line of the entering cover,
and a³ above it.
By means of the guides a³ the pamphlet, however thin, is caused to
descend and meet the cover squarely without folding or doubling over,
while the rollers c³ assist in this function and also draw the cover tightly
over the back of the pamphlet before it reaches the compressing rollers F.
As the pamphlet is seized by the rollers E it is forced down against the
cover, causing the latter to fold over it smoothly by its advance and be
carried along to the compressing rollers F, which firmly attach the two
by means of the paste already applied. The guides a³, c³, perform quite
an important function in covering thin pamphlets, as unless some
equivalent device is provided there would be an uncertainty about the
position in which the pamphlet would join the cover, and the latter
would be slack or wrinkled on issuing from the rollers F. In covering
thick pamphlets however which are stiff enough to guide themselves,
these auxiliaries may be dispensed with, but their use is preferable for
all classes of work. The shoot A' conducts the covered pamphlets to the
finishing press B', the movable jaw C' of which is actuated at the proper
time by a toggle joint D¹ and cam F¹ upon the shaft B.
The connection u², Figures 3 and 7, embraces the shaft B, which thus

page_text: upon the face of the cam F¹, thus imparting the proper motion to the
jaw C¹. As each pamphlet drops from the shoot A¹, the press being
open, it falls back downward upon the plate w², which is pushed under
the press at the proper time by the arm x² actuated by the cam y², on
the shaft C, Figure 6. Just as the press jaw moves up and grasps the
pamphlet this plate is withdrawn by the action of the cam y², and
meantime a backing roller E¹, Figure 3, is forced around against the
back of the pamphlet and returned again to its place. The spindle of
this backing roller is hinged at its outer extremity to the frame of the
machine, and motion is imparted to it from the tappets b³, d', on the
shaft B. The bar I', Figures 3 and 7, embraces this shaft similarly to u
before described, and it is provided with wings a³, y³, against which the
tappets strike as they revolve. The location and proportion of the
tappets b³, d, and wings x³, y³, are such that the motion of the roller E¹
takes place, as above described, each advance and return being nearly or
quite continuous, but the entire movement intermittent and occurring
immediately after the closing of the press jaw C'.
The curved track J¹ is secured to the frame of the machine and
supports the backing roller E¹ by means of the carrier wheel e³. The
roller E¹ is preferably covered with india-rubber or other suitable yielding
material, and by its movement squares up the back of the pamphlet,
which otherwise would be somewhat round or uneven, while the press
performs the same function at the sides.
A reciprocating follower K¹ moves upon a platform f³ attached to the
frame of the machine, and as the pamphlet falls on the latter from the
finishing press the follower pushes it along upon the endless apron L'
running horizontally, or nearly so, over suitable rollers, the upper or
loaded portion being sustained upon a platform M³. This apron is pro-
vided with a head or stop plate N¹, against which the pamphlets are
forced by the follower, such movement drawing the apron along as fast
as the pamphlets accumulate. The pamphlets when deposited upon the
apron lie with their backs to it, and by means of the follower and the
head N¹ they are kept in a true and regular position till they are taken
away by an attendant.
Thus the covers are prevented from being
displaced before the paste is dry, and the pamphlets are preserved in
uniform shape without wrinkling or doubling down.
It is convenient also to use a small hook or dog g³, Figure 1, which is
lifted by the pamphlets as they advance and drops over them as the

page_text: follower K recedes, thus retaining them in position till the latter returns
with the next pamphlet. The follower K¹ is preferably pivoted to the
supporting bars ³, Figure 3, which are linked to the rocker arms upon
the shaft. This shaft has an arm upon its outer end, which is linked
to the lower end of the lever f¹, as indicated in dotted lines in Figure 3.
The lever f¹ receives its motion from the cam 1, Figure 6, upon the
shaft C through the arm m³, Figures 3 and 6, which arm is rigidly
connected to the lever f¹, thus actuating the feed apparatus e¹, d', c¹, as
before described, and also the follower K¹. The head. N₁ is made ad-
justable along the apron L', whereby when a quantity of pamphlets is
removed it may be pushed back near the follower K¹ without moving
the apron.
It will be observed that in the construction of the said machine it is
necessary that all the parts should be proportioned and arranged to
effect the movements described. in exact time with relation to each other.
Thus the size of the gear wheels G, H, d, f, g, must be such as to
transmit a uniform speed to the periphery of the rollers E, F, and the
velocity of the carrier belts K, P, ¹, sufficient to deliver the pamphlets
and covers to the said rollers at proper and regular intervals. Likewise
the cams, O, y², must be of such a formation and adjustment upon the
shaft C and the levers N, m³, x², of such a length as to perform the
functions herein set forth in causing certain movements of the connected
parts. It is obvious also that other mechanical means than those herein
shown may be employed to move the principal parts of the said machine
conjointly and automatically to produce the result specified.
Having thus fully described the said Invention, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondents, and the manner of performing the
same, I wish it understood that I claim,-
First. A machine for covering pamphlets, embracing in its construc-
tion the following instrumentalities; viz., the pamphlet feeding devices
I, R, P, or their equivalents, with or without the stop and roller m¹;
the rollers E for forcing the pamphlet against the cover; and the rollers F
for uniting cover and pamphlet, arranged to operate conjointly, for the
purposes set forth.
Second. A pamphlet covering machine embracing in its construction
the following instrumentalities; viz., a pamphlet feeder; the rollers E
for forcing the pamphlet against the cover; the intermittently acting
cover feeding devices 8, r', or their equivalent; and the rollers F for

page_text: uniting cover and pamphlet, arranged to operate conjointly, for the
purposes set forth.
Third. A pamphlet covering machine, embracing in its construction
the following instrumentalities; viz., a pamphlet feeder; the rollers E
for forcing the pamphlet against the cover; a cover feeder; the paster e²
and the rollers F for uniting cover and pamphlet, arranged to operate
conjointly, for the purposes set forth.
Fourth. The combination in a pamphlet covering machine of the
rollers F, the finishing press B', C', and backing roller E', arranged to
operate conjointly, substantially in the manner set forth.
Fifth. A pamphlet covering machine, embracing in its construction
the following instrumentalities; viz., a pamphlet feeder; a cover feeder;
and a cover paster; the rollers E for forcing the pamphlet against the
cover; the rollers F for uniting pamphlet and cover; the finishing
press B, C; and backing roller E¹, operating conjointly, for the purposes
set forth.
Sixth. The pamphlet feeding rollers E and folding and compressing
rollers F in combination with a device for feeding the covers horizontally
between the two sets of rollers, whereby the pamphlet is forced against
the cover and the latter folded over the back of the former, for the pur-
pose set forth.
Seventh. The combination and relative arrangement of the pamphlet
feeding rollers E and uniting rollers F, and the sets of auxiliaries a³, c³,
performing their functions conjointly, as herein set forth.
Eighth. The combination of the receding stop and advancing roller m²,
acting conjointly and automatically, and the carrier belts K and P,
whereby the pamphlet is fed to the machine at a proper time to meet
the entering cover, substantially as herein set forth.
Ninth. The rollers E and F arranged to operate as described when
driven by linked gear wheels H, c, d, e, f, and one roller of each pair is
provided with yielding bearings controlled in one direction by springs 7²,
and adjusted in the opposite direction by screws d³, for the purposes set
forth.
Tenth. In combination with the friction roller m¹ and stop the con-
necting levers o' pivoted upon a resilient axis p', whereby the roller is
allowed a limited movement independently of the stop while actuated

page_text: conjointly therewith by means of the cam O and lever N, substantially
as described.
Eleventh. The paste reservoir d² and revolving distributor e³,
both
having an intermittent vertical movement in combination with the cover
feeding devices s¹, r¹, operating conjointly, for the purposes set forth.
Twelfth. The combination of the revolving tappets 63, d, and the
reciprocating bar I', constructed and arranged substantially as set forth,
for the purpose of producing a positive reciprocating intermittent move-
ment of the backing roller E¹.
Thirteenth. The receiving apron L' provided with an adjustable head
or rest N¹ in combination with the reciprocating follower K', operating
conjointly, substantially as set forth.
Fourteenth. The feeder I, provided with seizing needles q, and arranged
to oscillate upon its supporting rollers hat each reciprocation, substan-
tially as and for the purposes set forth.
Fifteenth. The adjustable bars n of the feeder I provided with inclined
needles, as set forth, and arranged to be automatically elevated and
lowered at each complete movement of the feeder, for the purposes
herein set forth.
Sixteenth. In combination with the adjustable needle bars n on the
reciprocating feeder I the fixed inclines w, operating to automatically
lift the bars n, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Seventeenth. In combination with the adjustable needle bars n on the
feeder I the tripping lever u and retaining cam 8, operating substantially
as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have here.
unto set my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of September, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
two
0
Witness,
F. MILLION.
W ROBT. LAKE. (L.S.)