IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHAINS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION:left by the said James Newman at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st January 1859.
I, JAMES NEWMAN, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHAINS," to be as follows, that is to say
1[
The object of my Invention is to increase the strength of chains required
for heavy work,such for instance,as pit chains at the points where such chains
are usually liable to fracture, 'namely, at the rivet or rivet holes. With this
view, I form iny improved chains in mancer represented in the accompanying
Drawing The link (a) has a hollow or sinking formed round each rivet
hole on its inner side, and the link (6) has these hollows on both sides.
A washer (e) is supplied exactly to fit these hollows, and the rivet (d) is
passed through the outer links, the inner link, and the washers, and holds
them altogether. A small distance piece (e) prevents the outer links from
collapsing, even if a 'rivet breaks, so that should this happen, the chain sti!!
hold together the washers supporting the inuer links.
Эл.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Newman in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
21st July 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
NEWMAN, of. Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of
Her reigu, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said James Newman, Her special licence that I, the said
James Newman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as 1, the said James Newman my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
or "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHAINS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said James Newman, my executors or admi-
nistrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office, within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Newman, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
By referring to the Provisional Specification for which this Patent was
granted to me, it will be seen that the object of my Invention is to obtain
increased strength to chains which are subject to great strains when in use,
and my Invention applies to that class of chains the links of which are
connected by pins or rivets, which serve as axes, on which the links move,
such chains being usually employed for draw benches for raising minerals
from mines or pits, for suspension bridges,and for other purposes; and I have
in the said Provisional Specification shown and described one inode of con-
structing a chain according to my Invention suitable for a draw bench for
drawing tubes or for other uses.

page_text: And in order that the principle of my Invention may be most fully under-
stood, and readily carried into practice, I will proceed to describe other modes
of constructing chains according to my Invention suitable for the same and for
other purposes.
Figure 1 shows a plan, and Figure 2 a side view of part of a chain suitable
for a draw bench or other purpose, constructed according to my Invention;
in this arrangement it will be seen that the middle link a is formed with
bosses al projecting from the sides of the link around each pin or rivet bole,
and such bosses enter into corresponding recesses b¹ formed round the pin or
rivet holes of the outer links b,the pins or rivets c serving to connect the links
together in place of receiving the whole strain as heretofore.
Figures 3, 4, 5, and 5*, show modifications of similar chains constructed
according to my Invention, the corresponding parts being marked with similar
letters of reference to Figures 1 and 2, the chief strain upon such chains being
received by the axes on which the links move, and not entirely upon the pins
which connect such links together into a chain, as heretofore.
Figure 6 shews a portion of a chain constructed according to my Invention
suitable for a suspension bridge; and Figure 7 shows a part of a chain con-
structed according to my Invention suitable for raising weights from pits or
mines, or for other similar uses.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself
to the exact details herein described, so long as the peculiar character of my
Invention be retained; but what I claim is the giving increased strength to
draw bench, suspension bridge, pit, and other chains of similar construction,
by forming the axes of the links of such chains with recesses and bosses or
curved projections, as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Newman, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
JAMES NEWMAN. (L.S.)