Improvements in Vapour Lamps for Incandescent Lighting.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Dec., 1899-Accepted, 10th Feb., 1900.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Vapour Lamps for Incandescent Lighting.
A communication by ETTORE GALLASSI, of 3, Via Ugo Bassi, Bologna, and
EUGENIO DOSSANI, of 143, Via Giovecca, Parma, both in the Kingdom of
Italy, Civil Engineer and Solicitor respectively.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., Agent for Foreign Patent
Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, & 6, Bank Street, Manchester, both in the
County of Lancaster, 118, New Street, Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
and 322, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention has for its object a lamp for petroleum or other liquid hydro-
carbons in which the ordinary commercially known incandescent mantles may
be employed and it consists of a reservoir containing the liquid, and a thin
tube wherein the liquid is converted into vapour, which when mixed with air
and lighted gives a hot flame capable of rendering incandescent the mantle of
refractory rare earths.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is a vertical section of the lamp;
Figure 2, a view of the burner, with parts cut away in order to show the
interior and without the incandescent mantle; and
Figure 3 is a detail of the burner tube.
A reservoir P is provided at its upper part with a threaded opening Qin
which is fixed a tube R extending downwards almost to the bottom of the reser-
voir, and a tube A extending upwards and carrying the burner. In addition an
air pump O with a retaining valve T is fixed on the reservoir P with the object
of forming in the interior of the reservoir the desired pressure for the working
of the lamp. Finally the reservoir is provided still at its upper part with
another opening closed by a plug S and intended for the introduction of the liquid,
the plug in turn being provided with a valve U, by means of which the pressure
in the interior of the reservoir may be diminished or entirely removed.
The burner is formed of a piece F fixed on the tube A, and provided with pas-
sages V and Z, Figure 1, on which burner-piece a thin tube BCD, bent back
on itself, is fixed in the form of a fork, in such a way that one branch connects
with the passage V and the other with the passage Z. The passage Z is ter-
minated on one side by a central opening E, and on the other side allows of the
tight fitting insertion of a regulating rod manipulated by means of a knob or
button L. On supports mounted on the burner-piece, a lever M is pivoted,
which carries a tapering rod N pivoted on its ends, so that this rod N can freely
D... 011

page_text: enter the opening E for the purpose of removing bituminous residues therefrom
which might be formed therein, and for keeping it always clean and free.
A burner tube G is placed over the burner-piece F and encloses the two
arms B and D of the thin tube which is bent upon itself. This tube G as in
the ordinary Bunsen burners is provided with openings and one of them is
enlarged and cut down to the bottom to give passage to a lever M, Figure 3.
Finally a gallery H is placed on the burner tube G.
The small bent tube BCD may serve as support for the incandescent mantle,
or the latter may even be suspended on an ordinary lateral support.
Having thus described all the parts of this improved lamp, the mode of work-
ing will now be explained:---
The pressure imparted to the interior of the reservoir P by means of the air
pump enables the petroleum or other liquid hydrocarbon to rise by the pipe R
up to the connecting pipe A and to the passage V of the burner piece F. The
pipe A is then heated for a few moments and also the burner piece F. Vapour
is formed, which, passing through the small tube BCD emerges by the open-
ing E into the burner tube G, where it is mixed with external air. It is evident
that by Davy's principle this mixture of gas and air will burn at the point I,
Figure 2, and by the principle of Bunsen it will produce an extremely hot
bluish flame capable of rendering incandescent a mantle of refractory earths of
Auer's pattern. When once a flame is produced it will surround the arms B
and D of the small bent tube which will thus cause the continuous production
of petroleum vapour, which emerging by the opening E will continue in its
turn to feed the flame. The liquid will rise in proportion as the gas emerges
by the opening E, and for regulating the discharge of the gas a button L is
employed, which reduces more or less the diameter of the passage for the gas,
and serves as a regulator of the flame.
It frequently happens that petroleum gas by cooling when the lamp is extin-
guished leaves bitumenous products on the discharge opening, which products
being no longer forced forward by the pressure, remain on the spot and may,
by hardening, stop up the opening. With the object of avoiding this drawback
the lamp is provided with a lever M having a little rod N. It is sufficient then,
each time that the lamp is to be lit, to impart a slight movement to the lever M
in order to free the passage for the gas through the opening E.
It is evident that instead of employing an air pump O for obtaining the neces-
sary pressure for conveying the liquid to the height of the socket the reser-
voir might be placed at a higher level, so that the liquid would reach the height
of the socket F by its own weight. With this object any other known method
might be employed without going beyond the scope of this invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is-
1. An incandescent lamp for vapour of petroleum or other liquid hydrocarbons,
in which the vaporising burner is formed of a thin tube bent on itself and fixed
like a fork on a burner piece such as F substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. In a vapour lamp such as described, the combination of a thin tube, bent on
itself, with a burner tube (G) a bunsen gallery (H) and an incandescent mantle
of Auer's pattern, substantially as described.
3. In a vapour lamp such as described the combination of a vaporising burner
with a regulator (L) serving to regulate the discharge of vapour through the
vapour opening (E) substantially as described.
4. In a lamp such as described, the combination of a vaporising burner with a
lever (M) and a tapering rod (N) serving to keep clean and free the opening (E)
for the discharge of the vapour, substantially as described.
5. In a lamp such as described, the combination of the vaporising burner with
a liquid reservoir having an air pump and a system of closing consisting of an

page_text: orifice for the introduction of the liquid provided with a stopper (S) having
a valve for regulating the pressure in the interior of the reservoir, the whole sub-
stantially as herein before described and shown in the accompanying drawings.
Doted this 12th dor of Tharamba 1000
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents.