IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING CARPETS AND OTHER PILE FABRICS
Year: 1885

page_text: File Fabrics.
"
I, JAMES WADE, of Sherwood, Nottingham Nottinghamshire, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
FOR WEAVING CARPETS AND OTHER PILE FABRICS and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement that is to say :—
My said Invention relates to looms for weaving carpets and other pile fabrics
and it has for its object the novel and improved arrangement and construction of
parts of the apparatus connected with a pile wire motion whereby the action of the
machine is improved.
In some looms as commonly made for weaving pile fabrics, the pile wires are
guided and steadied by means of the forked end of a vibrating lever and in order
to maintain the pile wire in the jaws of this forked end during the outward and
inward movement of the pile wire it has been usual in some cases to provide a
small piece of wire or a projection fixed on the shuttle box of the loom. This
arrangement however is unsatisfactory and this Invention aims at the construction
and arrangement of apparatus which may be conveniently applied to existing
looms of the kind herein described and be used in conjunction with the present
forked lever arrangement or by further modifying the arrangement to be attached
to the shuttle box the vibrating forked lever and its somewhat complicated
mechanism may be dispensed with and the pile wire carried over without using
a cam. It has been attempted before to carry over the pile wire without employing
a cam and a magnet has been tried for this purpose but has proved unsuccessful.
In carrying out my said Invention in the case of looms having the vibrating
forked guiding lever there is arranged a short lever centered by one end on the
side of the shuttle box or on the lay of the loom near its inner end. This lever is
arranged with its other end to be pressed a short distance away from the shuttle
box by means of a blade or other spring and this end carries a piece of wire bent
to a right angle or thereabouts. This wire is fixed on the lever end so that its
horizontal part projects outwards from the shuttle box or lay of the loom the
whole being so arranged that on the forward movement of the shuttle box or lay of
the loom the horizontal part of the wire is brought under the pile wire being
removed by the mechanism provided for that purpose. The pile wire is sustained
and steadied by this bent wire its vertical part pressing and maintaining the pile
wire in the jaws of the forked .lever during the withdrawing and reinserting
motion. In adapting the Invention to new or other looms particularly those of the
kind described in the Specification of Letters Patent No 12,403 of 1884 granted
to the present applicant so as to dispense with the forked guiding lever and its

page_text: somewhat complicated mechanism for actuating it the lever centered on the shuttle
box is fitted with spring jaws at its outer end instead of the angular wire. The
outer end of the lever having the jaws is pressed a short distance away from the
shuttle box by a spring and is so fitted on the shuttle box that the spring jaws are
pressed against a pile wire when it is being withdrawn from the fabric the pile
wire overcoming the spring and entering between the jaws. The jaws thus hold
and guide the pile wire during the withdrawing and reinserting movement until
the pile wire is sufficiently entered into the open shed to dispense with further
guiding when the tension of the pile wire overcomes the spring jaws and it is
released on the movement of the shuttle box or lay of the loom carrying back the
gripping lever. By this improved arrangement the mechanism of the loom is
greatly simplified as no cam is required for carrying over the pile wire whilst at
.the same time the action of the machine is improved the pilo wire carrying over
⚫ movement being automatic.
And in order that my said Invention and the manner of performing the same
may be properly understood I hereunto append a sheet of explanatory drawings
to be hereinafter referred to and representing my improved arrangements. In
these drawings the same reference numerals are used to mark the same or like
parts wherever they are repeated.
Figure 1 on the accompanying sheet of drawings is a vertical cross section
showing only sufficient of a loom as will enable my Invention to be understood and
Figure 2 is a plan view corresponding to the same. Figures 3 and 4 are full sized
views of details. In this case the loom is shown as having the well known
vibrating forked lever, 1, worked by the usual mechanism. This lever, 1, is
arranged to vibrate backwards and forwards and to receive and guide the pile
wires so as to enter the end of each one into the open shed in a well known
manner. In order to maintain the pile wire properly in the jaws of the forked
lever there is centered so as to move horizontally a short lever, 2, by one end upon
a bracket piece, 3, screwed on the front near one end of the shuttle box, 4, at
a distance of about a quarter of the length of the shuttle box from the end
nearest the open shed. This lever, 2, will be best understood by referring to
Figures, 3, and, 4, which are respectively an end view and plan. The outer end of
the lever, 2, which projects towards the take-up roller is pressed a short distance
away from the shuttle box, 4, by a blade spring, 5, acting against a pin on the
bracket piece a stop, 6, on the bracket piece, 3, being arranged to act on the end of
the lever, 2, so as to limit its movement outwards. On the end of this lever, 2,
there is fixed a wire, 7, which is bent so as to form a right angle, having one leg
arranged to project horizontally outwards away from the shuttle box, 4, whilst its
vertical leg projects upwards parallel with the shuttle box, 4. The lever is placed
so that the borizontal part of the wire; 7, the end of which may be slightly curved
downwards comes just under a pile wire when being withdrawn, and when moved
inwards by the forked guiding lever. The forked guiding lever, 1, as it carries the
'pile wire inwards presses it against the vertical part of the bent wire, 7, which
thus maintains the pile wire steadily in the jaws of the forked guiding lever, 1, the
lever, 2, being pressed back against the shuttle box to allow for the inward move-
ment of the lever, 1, until the end of the wire is inserted in the open shed, when
the shuttle box is moved backwards and takes the lever, 2, away from the pile wire
which at this point is nearly fully entered in the open shed. By the foregoing
improved arrangements, the pile wires are guided and maintained in the jaws of
the lever, 1, in a superior manner and without any undue strain or tension on the
pile wire.
Figure, 5, on the accompanying sheet of drawings is a vertical cross section of
part of a loom sufficient only being shown as is necessary to enable my Invention
to be understood and Figure, 6, is a plan corresponding to Figure 5. It will be
understood that the remaining parts of the loom may be of any ordinary and
well known construction. In this modification of my Invention there is a lever, 2,
similarly fitted upon the front of the shuttle box, 4, as herein before described with

page_text: reference to Figures 1 and 2 but in place of the bent wire, 7, it has fitted at its
outer end spring jaws, 8, and the necessity for a forked guiding lever and its
relative parts of levers, rods and a cam is entirely dispensed with whilst the pile
wire is guided and carried in a superior and improved manner. The jaws, 8, are
preferably formed by fixing crosswise on the end of the lever, 2, a short metal
bar, 9, which is formed with a boss on its end nearest the shuttle box, and with its
other end terminating in a fine edge. A blade spring, 10, is fixed by one end to
the boss or thicker end of the bar, 9, so that the blade lies parallel to but not
touching at this end the bar, 9, whilst its other end is curved so that a part close
to the end touches the bar, 9, and rising again from the bar, 9, the upwardly
curved end of the blade spring, 10, forms with the front end of the bar, 9, a fork or
jaw to receive the pile wire. When a pile wire is. being withdrawn from the
fabric by the mechanism provided for that purpose the movement of the batten
brings the shuttle box forwards and presses the front end of the bar, 9, which
projects beyond the blade spring, 10, under the pile wire until it reaches the
bent end of the spring forming the spring jaw. The pile wire being held at both
ends at this period overcomes the spring and enters the part between the bar, 9,
and spring, 10, which are parallel to one another but do not touch. The pile wire
is thus held and guided but is free to traverse as the withdrawing and reinserting
action proceeds and by the next movement of the batten the spring jaws carry
over to the open shed, the pile wire ready for re-insertion thus the motion of the
shuttle box or lay of the loom supplies the necessary carrying over motion whilst
at the same time the pile wire is more securely held and guided during its
traverse. When. the pile wire is nearly fully entered in the open shed, the
backward movement of the shuttle box draws the jaws away from the inserted
pile wire which overcomes the power of the spring by its tension and is thus
freed from the jaws which are next moved forward by the shuttle box and again
encounter a pile wire and the action is repeated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
(1.) In looms for weaving carpets and other pile fabrics the combination and
arrangement of a spring lever (2) having a part (7) forming a guide for the pile
wire and centered on the shuttle box or the lay of the loom arranged to operate
with the forked guide lever of a loom, substantially as and for the purposes
herein before described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying
drawings.
(2.) In looms for weaving carpets and other pile fabrics the combination and .
arrangement of a spring lever (2) centered on the sbuttle box (4) or the lay of the
loom and having spring jaws (8) arranged to receive and carry over a pile wire,
operating substantially as and for the purposes herein before described with reference
to Figures 5, 6, 7, 8, on the accompanying drawings.
(3.) The carrying over of a pile wire without the use of a cam by means
of spring jaws or an appliance fitted to the shuttle box or lay of the loom,
substantially as hereinbefore described.