Improvements in Certain Machinery for Forming Warps or Portions of Warps into Balls.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Feb., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 15th Nov., 1895-Accepted, 18th Jan., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Certain Machinery for Forming Warps or Portions
of Warps into Balls.
I, ALFRED LEACH, of Hamer Hall, Rochdale in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to certain machinery for forming warps or portions of
warps into "balls" that is to say to the machines ordinarily called Scotch warping
or balling machines in which warps or portions of warps are wound into "balls
upon rollers or tubes placed with their axes horizontal and revolved by means of
rollers or drums against which the said rollers or tubes or the yarns or threads
wound thereon are caused to bear.
My invention consists firstly, in improvements by means of which the yarns or
threads forming the warp or portion of a warp to be balled or formed into a ball
by means of a balling machine of the kind to which my invention relates may in
being drawn off from a beaming machine or from a beam or beams or bobbins upon
which they may be wound be brought into the form of a tape or flat hand more
efficiently and with less danger of entanglement than by means of the devices
hitherto employed for the purpose of bringing together the yarns or threads
forming a warp or portion of a warp being balled by means of a balling machine of
the said kind.
According to this part of my invention I provide a guide by means of which the
yarns or threads forming a warp or portion of a warp to be balled by means of a
balling machine to which this part of my invention is to be applied, may be guided
to the rollers or drums or other means employed to draw such yarns or threads
from a beaming machine or from a beam or beams or bobbins on which they may
have previously been wound and so form such guide that the part thereof which acts
upon the yarns or threads shall be curved so as to bring the said yarns together in
the required manner. In some cases I so form the said guide that its shape shall be
capable of adjustment so that the degree to which yarns or threads acted upon by
such guide are brought together may be adjusted as may be necessary from time
to time. I may form the said guide, if it is to be adjustable in shape, of a metal
or other spring the shape of which may be adjusted by means of a screw or screws
passing through or bearing upon it, or any other suitable means, or 1 may form
the said guide of two or more parts connected together or to another part or other
parts by pivots or other means allowing of the movement of such parts in reference
to one another or in reference to the part or parts to which they are connected and
may provide a screw or screws or other suitable means passing through or connected
to or arranged to bear or act upon one or more or all of such parts so that the
position or positious of one or more or all of such parts may be adjusted in relation
to that or those of the other or others as may be desirable from time to time.
My invention further consists in improvements by which it is made possible to
compensate for or prevent the variations in the tension of the yarn or thread
forming a warp or portion of a warp being balled by means of a balling machine of
the said kind which have hitherto been caused by the said yarns or threads being
necessarily passed through a guide which is traversed to and fro from side to side
in relation to the roller or tube on which such yarns or threads are being wound.
According to this part of my invention I provide a roller over which the yarns
or threads forming a warp or portion of a warp being balled by means of a balling

page_text: machine of the said kind to which this part of my invention is to be applied are
caused to pass and mount such roller so that it is capable of revolving in or upon
suitable bearings capable of being moved upwards and downwards or in an inclined
direction in suitable guides and provide springs of suitable strength tending to
move such roller in a direction opposite to that in which the tension of the said
yarns or threads tends to move it so that the said springs will yield and allow the said
roller to move in one direction if an increase in the tension of the said yarns or
threads occurs and will move such roller in the opposite direction when a decrease
in the tension of such yarns or threads occurs.
My invention further consists in improvements by which I am enabled to ensure
that the axis of the roller or tube upon which the yarns or threads forming a warp
or portion of a warp being balled by means of a balling machine of the said kind
shall be kept parallel to the axis of the drum or roller by means of which the said
yarns or threads are caused to be wound upon the said rollers and thus to ensure
that the yarns or threads shall always be properly wound upon the circumference
of the ball being formed and be prevented from falling over the ends of such ball
so as to be in danger of entanglement. The improvements in which this part of
my invention consists also facilitate the commencement of the winding into balls
of warps or portions of warps, and render possible the application of improvements
forming a further part of my invention to be hereinafter referred to.
According to this part of my invention I cause the roller or tube upon which
the yarn forming a warp or portion of a warp to be balled by means of a machine
of the said kind to which this part of my invention is to be applied to be mounted
in or upon or mounted upon an axle mounted in or upon blocks or attachments
capable of being moved, preferably in or upon suitable guides. The said
blocks or attachments may be provided with any suitable devices such as steps
secured in position by wedges or cotters capable of being readily removed by
which the placing in position of a roller or tube to receive yarns or threads and
the removal of a roller or tube with a warp or portion of a warp wound upon it
may be enabled to be readily accomplished. Each of the said blocks or attachments
is connected to a chain or rope or chains or ropes which may pass around a suitable
guide pulley or suitable guide pulleys and is or are caused to gear into a toothed
wheel or toothed wheels or secured to a block or blocks which toothed wheel or
toothed wheels or block or blocks is or are mounted upon a shaft upon which is or
are secured the toothed wheel or toothed wheels or block or blocks into which gears
or gear or to which is or are secured the chain or rope or chains or ropes connected
to the other of such blocks or attachments. I thus ensure that the said blocks or
attachments and consequently the two ends of the roller or tube upon which the
yarns or threads forming a warp or portion of a warp are being wound to move
alike and thus keep the axis of the said roller or tube parallel to the axis of
the drum or roller by which the winding of yarns or threads on to such roller is
effected. By one or other of the said blocks or attachments being pressed towards
the axis of the said drum or roller or by the shaft upon which are secured the
toothed wheels or blocks into which gear or are connected the chains or ropes
connected to the said blocks or attachments, being subjected to force tending to
turn it in one direction for which purpose I may provide a handle or lever to which
the hand of the attendant in charge of the machine may be applied the roller or
tube upon which the yarns or threads forming a warp or portion of a warp are to
be wound may be pressed towards the axis of the drum or roller by which the
winding of the said yarns or threads is to be effected so that the yarns or threads
may be more effectively gripped between such roller or tube and drum or roller
and the commencement of the winding may be facilitated, and the employment
of the shaft above mentioned renders possible the application of a further part of
my invention. According to this further part of my invention which consists in
improvements enabling the roller or tube upon which yarns or threads forming a
warp or a portion of a warp are to be wound in a balling machine to which this
part of my invention is applied to be pressed more closely upon or towards the

page_text: drum or roller by means of which the said yarns or threads are to be wound
upon such roller or tube, I provide the sha't above mentioned upon which are
mounted the toothed wheels or blocks above described with a handle or arm or
handles or arms on which is or are mounted a weight or weights which may be
secured or capable of being slidden or moved upon such handle or arm or
handles or arms. The said handle or arm or handles or arms and the weight
or weights thereon are so arranged that at the commencement of the winding
of a warp or portion of a warp into a ball the said weight or weights will ten l
to turn the said shaft in such direction as to assist in causing the roller or tube
upon which the yarns or threads forming a warp or a portion of a warp are to be
wound, upon or towards the drum or roller by means of which such yarns or
threads are to be wound upon the said roller or tube and as such shaft is turnel
as the winding of the "ball" proceeds and the said handle or arm or handles or
arms is or are also turned the said weight or weights being moved with or upon
the handle or arm or handles or arms ou which it is or they are mounted will when
a certain part of the winding of the "ball" has been accomplished become less
effective in causing or cease to cause the roller or tube above mentioned to be pressed
towards the drum or roller aforesaid.
The several parts of my invention are applicable to balling machines of the said
kind whether such balling machines be employed to receive the yarns or threads to
be formed into balls direct from a beaming machine or whether such balling
machine be employed to form balls out of yarns or threads previously wound upon
beams or bobbins or cops or into or upon any other form or body into or upon
which yarns or threads may be wound and the parts of my invention may be
employed two or more or all together or with the exception of the part last
described above each may be employed separately.
Dated this Fourteenth day of February 1895.
HOWARD
CHEETHAM,
Manchester, Agent to the Applicant.
Improvements in Certain Machinery for Forming Warps or Portions
of Warps into Balls.
I, ALFRED LEACH, of Hamer Hall, Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention relates to certain machinery for forming warps or portions of
warps into "balls" that is to say to the machines ordinarily called Scotch warping
or balling machines in which warps or portions of warps are wound into "balls"
upon rollers or tubes placed with their axes horizontal and revolved by means of
rollers or drums against which the said rollers or tubes or the yarns or threads
wound thereon are caused to bear.
My invention consists firstly, in improvements by means of which the yarns or
threads forming the warp or portion of a warp to be balled or formed into a ball
by means of a balling machine of the kind to which my invention relates may in
being drawn off from a beaming machine or from a beam or beams or bobbins
upon which they may be wound be brought into the form of a tape or flat band
more efficiently and with less danger of entanglement than by means of the devices
hitherto employed for the purpose of bringing together the yarns or threads forming
a warp or portion of a warp being balled by means of a balling machine of the
said kind.

page_text: According to this part of my invention I provide a guide by means of which the
yarns or threads forming a warp or portion of a warp to be balled by means of a
balling machine to which this part of my invention is to be applied, may be guided
to the rollers or drums or other means employed to draw such yarns or threads
from a beaming machine or from a beam or beams or hobbins on which they may
have previously been wound, and so form such guide that the part thereof which
acts upon the yarns or threads shall be curved so as to bring the said yarns
together in the required manner. In some cases I so form the said guide that its
shape shall be capable of adjustment so that the degree to which yarns or threads
acted upon by such guide are brought together may be adjusted as may be
necessary from time to time. I may form the said guide, if it is to be adjustable
in shape, of a metal or other spring the shape of which may be adjusted by means
of a screw or screws passing through or bearing upon it, or any other suitable means,
or I may form the said guide of two or more parts connected together or to another
part or other parts by pivots or other means allowing of the movement of such
parts in reference to one another or in reference to the part or parts to which they
are connected and may provide a screw or screws or other suitable means passing
through or connected to or arranged to hear or act upon one or more or all of such
parts so that the position or positions of one or more or all of such parts may be
adjusted in relation to that or those of the other or others as may be desirable from
time to time.
My invention further consists in improvements by which it is made possible to
compensate for or prevent the variations in the tension of the yarn or thread
forming a warp or portion of a warp being balled by means of a balling machine
of the said kind which have hitherto been caused by the said yarns or threads
being necessarily passed through a guide which is traversed to and fro from
side to side in relation to the roller or tube on which such yarns or threads are
being wound.
According to this part of my invention I provide a roller over which the yarns
or threads forming a warp or portion of a warp being balled by means of a balling
machine of the said kind to which this part of my invention is to be applied are
caused to pass and mount such roller so that it is capable of revolving in or upon
suitable bearings capable of being moved upwards and downwards or in an inclined
direction in suitable guides and provide springs of suitable strength tending to
move such roller in a direction opposite to that in which the tension of the said
yarns or threads tends to move it, so that the said springs will yield and allow the
said roller to move in one direction if an increase in the tension of the said yarns
or threads occurs and will move such roller in the opposite direction when a
decrease in the tension of such yarns or threads occurs.
My invention further consists in improvements by which I am enabled to ensure
that the axis of the roller or tube upon which the yarns or threads forming a warp
or portion of a warp being balled by means of a balling machine of the said kind
are being wound shall be kept parallel to the axis of the drum or roller by means
of which the said yarns or threads are caused to be wound upon the said roller or
tube and thus to ensure that the yarns or threads shall always be properly wound
upon the circumference of the ball being formed and be prevented from falling
over the ends of such ball so as to be in danger of entanglement. The improve-
ments in which this part of my invention consists also facilitate the commencement
of the winding into balls of warps or portions of warps, and render possible the
application of improvements forming a further part of my invention to be herein-
after further referred to.
According to this part of my invention I cause the roller or tube upon which is
to be wound the yarn forming a warp or portion of a warp to be balled by means
of a machine of the said kind to which this part of my invention is to be applied
to be mounted in or upon or mounted upon an axle mounted in or upon blocks or
attachments capable of being moved, preferably in or upon suitable guides. The
said blocks or attachments may be provided with any suitable devices such as steps

page_text: secured in position by wedges or cotters capable of being readily removed by
which the placing in position of a roller or tube to receive yarns or threads and the
removal of a roller or tube with a warp or portion of a warp wound upon it may
be enabled to be readily accomplished. Each of the said blocks or attachments i<
connected to a chain or rope or chains or ropes which may pass around a suitable
guide pulley or suitable guide pulleys and is or are caused to gear into a toothed
wheel or toothed wheels or secured to a block or blocks which toothed wheel or
toothed wheels or block or blocks is or are mounted upon a shaft upon which is or
are secured the toothed wheel or toothel wheels or block or blocks into which.
gears or gear or to which is or are secured the chain or rope or chains or ropes.
connected to the other of such blocks or attachments. I thus ensure that the said
blocks or attachments and consequently the two ends of the roller or tube upon
which the yarns or threads forming a warp or portion of a warp are being
wound to move alike and thus keep the axis of the said roller or tube parallel to
the axis of the drum or roller by which the winding of yarus or threads on to-
such roller is effected. By one or other of the said blocks or attachments being
pressed towards the axis of the said drum or roller or by the shaft upon which are
secured the toothed wheels or blocks into which gear or are connected the chains
'or ropes connected to the said blocks or attachments being subjected to force-
tending to turn it in one direction for which purpose I may provide a handle or
lever to which the hand of the attendant in charge of the machine may be applied.
the roller or tube upon which the yarns or threads forming a warp or portion of a.
warp are, to be wound may be pressed towards the axis of the drum or roller by
which the winding of the said yarns or threads is to be effected so that the yarns.
or threads may be more effectively gripped between such roller or tube and drum
or roller and the commencement of the winding may be facilitated and the
employment of the shaft above mentioned renders possible the application of a.
further part of my invention.
I
According to this further part of my invention which consists in improvements
enabling the roller or tube upon which yarns or threads forming a warp or a portion
of a warp are to be wound in a balling machine to which this part of my invention.
is applied, to be pressed more closely upon or towards the drum or roller by means
of which the said. yarns or threads are to be wound upon such roller or tube-
I provide the shaft above mentioned upon which are mounted the toothed wheels or
blocks above described with a handle or arm or handles or arms on which is or are
mounted a weight or weights which may be secured or capable of being slidden or
moved upon such handle or arm or handles or arms. The said handle or arm or
handles or arms and the weight or weights thereon are so arranged that at the-
commencement of the winding of a warp or portion of a warp into a ball the said
weight or weights will tend to turn the said shaft in such direction as to assist in
causing the roller or tube upon which the yarns or threads forming a warp or a
portion of a warp are to be wound, upon or towards the drum or roller by means.
of which such yarns or threads are to be wound upon the said roller or tube and as
such shaft is turned as the winding of the "ball" proceeds and the said handle
or arm or handles or arms is or are also turned the said weight or weights being
moved with or upon the handle or arm or handles or arms on which it is or they
are mounted will when a certain part of the winding of the "ball" has been
accomplished become less effective in causing or cease to cause the roller or tube.
above mentioned to be pressed towards the drum or roller aforesaid.
The several parts of my invention are applicable to balling machines of the
said kind whether such balling machines be employed to receive the yarns or
threads to be formed into balls from beams on which they may have previously
been wound or to receive yarns or threads from beaming machines or other
appliances from which yarns or threads previously wound upon bobbins or cops or
into or upon other forms or bodies may be conducted to such balling machines
in order to be formed into balls thereby and the parts of my invention may be

page_text: applied two or more or all together or with the exception of the part last describet
above each may be applied separately.
My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a
side elevation and Fig. 2 a plan of a Scotch warping or balling machine, arranged
as a whole like the machine illustrated in the drawings accompanying the Complete
Specification filed in respect of my application for Letters Patent No. 17695,
dated September 18th, 1894, but with some parts of my present invention applied
thereto, and serving to illustrate the general arrangement of a machine of such
kind and also to facilitate the description of the several parts of my invention.
In all the figures of the accompanying drawings the same letters of reference
are employed to indicate corresponding parts.
For convenience of description I will first refer to the general arrangement of
the machine illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 and then proceed to further describe the
several parts of my invention.
In reference to the general arrangement of the machine illustrated in Figs. 1
and 2 and in so far as such machine is similar to the machine illustrated in the
drawings accompanying the Complete Specification filed in respect of my application
for Letters Patent No. 17695, dated September 18th, 1894, I would point out that
the yarns or threads (A) to be formed into a ball are drawn from a beam or
beams on which they have previously been wound or from a beaming machine or
from bobbins or cops or out of or from any other form or body into or upon which
such yarns or threads may be wound and if drawn from a beam or beams or
bobbins or cops or other similar objects or forms are conducted over, under or
through any suitable devices by which they may be kept in the requisite relative
positions or subjected to any tension which it may be requisite to impart thereto
and are passed over a measuring roller or drum (a), between such measuring roller
or drum (a) and a roller or drum (b) and beneath the roller or drum (6) and
between such roller or drum (b) and a roller or drum (c) and over such roller or
drum (c). The roller or drum (6) being mounted fast upon a shaft or axle caused
to revolve by any suitable means and the roller or drum (c) being mounted upon
an axle or shaft capable of revolving in arms mounted so as to be capable of being
oscillated about suitable pivots, and provided with suitable springs tending to press
the roller or drum (c) into contact with the roller or drum (6), the yarns or
threads (A) are caused to be drawn from the beam or beams or bobbins or cops or
other body or bodies or forms upon or into which they may bave previously been
wound and to be delivered to a drum or roller (d) which receives motion by means
of a belt (e) and pulleys (f) (g) mounted upon the axle of the drum or roller (6)
and the axle of the drum or roller (d) respectively and is caused to revolve, and
cause such yarns or threads (A) to be wound into a ball (B) upon a roller or tube
mounted upon an axle (h) the ends of which are guided by slots formed between
fixed arms () formed upon the framework in which the axle of the drum (d) is
mounted and movable arms (i 2) connected to the said framework (i) by means of
pivots about which they may be turned and held in position by means of latches (13).
Although Fig. 1 shows only one side of the machine illustrated in such figure it
is obvious that the framework (5) and other means of support for the drums or
rollers (a) (b) (c) and the framework (i) supporting the drum (d) are substantially
alike at both sides of the machine. In their passage from the drums or
rollers (6) (c) to the drum or roller (d) the yarns or threads (A) are passed
through a traversing guide (d') which receives a to and fro motion transverse to
the length of the machine by means of a crank receiving motion by means of
elliptical wheels (d2) (d³) which receive motion from gearing deriving motion
from the axle of the drum or roller (d), and causes the said yarns or threads to be
distributed and wound upon the tube or roller in the form of a ball (B). The
elliptical wheels (d²) (d³) are so proportioned that they will cause the traversing
guide (d) to be so moved that the winding of the band or "tape" formed of
yarns or threads (A) upon the tube or roller mounted upon the axle (h) will result

page_text: in the formation of an approximately cylindrical ball upon such tube or roller and
the druin or roller (d) caused to revolve at such a speed that its surface speed
and the traversing of the guide (d') in relation to such drum or roller (d) shall
cause the yarns or threads (A) to become wound into a ball upon the tube or
roller mounted upon the axle (h) at approximately the same speed as they are
delivered by the drums or rollers (b) (c). The measuring roller (a) is caused to
impart motion by means of any suitable arrangement of gearing and other
devices to a marking hammer (a') which operates in conjunction with a roller (a 2)
supplied in any suitable way with any suitable marking inaterial and causes marks
to be made upon some of the yarns or threads (A) at the parts at which it may
be necessary or desirable to have marks made upon such yarns or threads and the
said measuring roller (a) is also caused to bring into operation mechanism by
means of which the machine may be stopped from time to time after the passage
over such measuring roller (a) of any required lengths of yarn or thread in order
that " tied or "leased' cuts may be readily made.
"
"
"
Having thus described the general arrangement and mode of operation of the
machine illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 in so far as such machine is similar to that
illustrated in the drawings accompanying the Complete Specification filed in respect
of my application for Letters Patent No. 17695, dated September 18th, 1894, I
will now proceed to further describe the several parts of my invention.
The first part of my invention which consists in improvements by means of
which the yarns or threads forming the warp or portion of a warp to be balled or
formed into a ball by means of a balling machine of the kind to which my
invention relates may in being drawn off from a beam or beams or bobbins or cops
or other body or form or bodies or forms upon or into which they may be wound
be brought into the form of a tape or flat band more efficiently and with less danger of
entanglement than by means of the devices hitherto employed for the purpose of
bringing together the yarns or threads forming a warp or portion of a warp being
balled by means of a balling machine of the said kind is illustrated in part by
Fig. 2 of the accompanying drawings, and is further illustrated by Figs. 3, 4, 5,
5 and 6 of the said drawings.
In Fig. 2 (k) is the guide provided in accordance with this part of my invention.
The guide (k) shown in Fig. 2 is made according to one form of this part of my
invention and is shown in front elevation and detached from the machine in which
it is employed in Fig. 4, and in Fig. 3 there is shown in front elevation and
detached from the machine in which it is employed another form of guide which may
be employed according to this part of my invention, and a third form of guide
which may be employed according to this part of my invention is shown detached
from the machine in which it is employed in side elevation in Fig. 5 in plan in
Fig. 5 and in rear elevation in Fig. 6. Figs. 3, 4, 5, 5 and 6 are drawn upon a
larger scale than Figs. 1 and 2.
Each guide (k) provided according to this part of my invention is so formed
that the part or face (k¹) thereof which acts upon the yarns or threads to be
guided by means of such guide shall be curved substantially in the manner
indicated in Figs. 3 and 4, so that the yarns or threads passing in contact with it
shall remain sufficiently in contact with one another without becoming unduly
and irregularly crowded or pressed together in any part of the width of the warp
or portion of warp being formed into a ball. The guide (k) shown in Fig. 3 is a
fixed form of guide and that shown in Fig. 4 and also indicated in Fig. 2 is
formed of a metal spring (k2) of any convenient width secured by means of a set
screw passing through a projection formed on such spring (k 2) to a bracket (k 3)
secured in any suitable manner to the framework of the machine in which it is
employed and provided with thumb-screws (k 4) by means of which the curvature
of such guide (4) may be adjusted as may be necessary or desirable from time to
time according to the number or character of the yarns or threads forming the
warp or portion of a warp being formed into a ball. The guide (k) shown in side
elevation in Fig. 5 and in plan in Fig. 54 and in rear elevation by Fig. 6 is formed

page_text: -of a metal plate or spoon (5) provided with a projecting plate (6) on its lower
surface. The plate or spoon (5) is capable of being turned into different
positions upon a stud (7) which passes through a hole formed in the projecting
plate (6) of the said plate or spoon (k 5) and is secured in a bracket (k 3) secured
in any suitable manner to the framework of the machine in which it is to be
employed. The plate (k 5) is provided with a slot (8) curved in the form of an
arc of a circle, the centre of which is in the axis of the stud (k 7). Through the
slot (8) passes a screw (k 9) provided with a wing nut and capable of being
Ecrewed into the bracket (3) so as to secure the plate (5) in any position into
which it may be turned upon the stud (7). The thumb-screw () and the
bracket (3) into which it is screwed and the stud (k 7) are only shown in Fig. 6.
The upper curved face (¹) of the metal plate or spoon (5) is formed as a trough
or channel (10) so formed that into whatever position the plate or spoon (k 5)
may be turned upon the stud (k 7) within the limits fixed by the length of the
slot (8) a vertical section of such trough or channel (k 10) taken on the vertical
plane indicated by the line X X of Fig. 5 and containing the axis of the stud (7)
shall be curved to a curvature substantially similar in shape to that of the part of
such trough or channel (10) which is uppermost in Fig. 5 while such trough or
channel (10) shall taper from one end to the other so that the end (k 10") thereof
shall be wider and deeper than the end (k 10b) thereof aud so that the central part
of the bottom of the trough or channel (k 10) shall be curved in the form of an arc
of a circle the centre of which is in the axis of the stud (k 7). The trough or
channel (10) is formed in the said manner in order that by the plate or spoon (k 5)
being turned in one direction or the other the yarns or threads (A) passing through
the guide (k), consisting of such plate or spoon (5), may be caused to be more or
less close together as may be desirable from time to time in the balling of warps
or portions of warps containing less or greater numbers of yarns or threads or
-containing yarns or threads of different kinds. In another mode of providing for
the adjustment of the guide (k) provided according to this part of my invention
I provide such guide (k) with a number of guides which are made of different sizes
but each curved in a manner substantially similar to that in which the guides (k)
illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4 are curved and employ one or other of such guides as
may be desirable in the balling of different warps or portions of warps, and in yet
another mode of providing for the adjustment of the guides (k) provided according
to this part of my invention I provide for use in conjunction with such guide a
number of liners or guide-surfaces capable of being placed and secured in any
suitable way one within another upon that which is of largest size and is placed in
a socket substantially similar to the guide (k) illustrated in Fig. 3 and is secured
therein by springs or any other suitable means so that by the use of one or two or
more of such liners or guide-surfaces the size of the part of the guide (k) with
which the yarns or threads are in contact may be adjusted as may be desirable in
the balling of different warps or portions of warps. The tips (k 11) of the
spring (2) forming the guide (k) illustrated in Figs. 2 and 4 which are more
abruptly curved than the other parts of such spring (k 2) serve to prevent the
outermost threads of the warp or portion of a warp passing through such guide
from becoming too widely separated from the neighbouring yarns or threads as they
sometimes tend to do when very large warps are being operated upon and in cases
in which it may be desirable parts corresponding to the tips (k11) of the said
spring (k 2) may be provided in other forms of guides (k) provided according to
this
part of my invention. The guides (k) provided according to this part of my
invention may as is above described be constructed and arranged in various ways,
and when made adjustable may be arranged to be moved by means of screws or
any other suitable means so long as such guides are provided with surfaces curved
to act upon the yarns or threads passing in contact with them in the manner above
described in reference to and illustrated by Figs. 3, 4, 5, 5 and 6 of the accom-
panying drawings. The size and form of the guides (k) provided according to this
part of my invention require to be adapted to some extent to the sizes of the warps

page_text: or portions of warps being formed into balls in different cases, a larger warp or
portion of warp requiring a somewhat larger guide (k) and a smaller warp or portion
of warp requiring a somewhat smaller guide, but the sizes and forms of the
guides (k) illustrated in the accompanying drawings are effective for guiding warps
or portions of warps differing in size within very wide limits. The guide (k)
provided in accordance with this part of my invention is so mounted in the machine
in which it is employed that the yarns or threads (A) shall in passing to such
guide () pass at the requisite distance above the roller (a 2) charged with marking
material and shall pass from such guide (k) to the measuring roller (a) so as to
bear upon such measuring roller (a) sufficiently to turn it in a proper manner.
The next part of my invention which consists in improvements by means of
which it is made possible to compensate for or prevent the variations in the tension
of the yarn or thread forming a warp or portion of a warp being balled by means
of a balling machine of the said kind which have hitherto been caused by the said
yarns or threads being necessarily passed through a guide which is traversed to
and fro from side to side in relation to the roller or tube on which such yarns or
threads are being wound is illustrated in part by Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying
drawings and is further illustrated by Figs. 7 and 8 of the said drawings, Fig. 7.
being a side elevation and Fig. 8 a front elevation of the parts shown therein and
being drawn upon a larger scale than Figs. 1 and 2.
In Figs. 1, 2, 7 and 8 (m) is the roller over which the yarns or threads forming
a warp or portion of a warp being balled by means of the balling machine illus-
trated in Figs. 1 and 2 are passed and (n) (n) are the two bearings in which the
axle of the roller (m) is mounted and (o) (o) are the guides in which the said
bearings (n) are mounted and capable of being moved and (p) (p) are the springs
employed in conjunction with the roller (m). The guides (o) (o) are respectively
mounted upon the side frames of the framework (5) by which the rollers or
drums (a) (b) (c) are supported, and each of the springs (p) is connected at one end
to the upper end of the guide (o) in conjunction with which it is employed and at
the other end to the bearing (n) mounted in such guide (o) so as to tend to resist
any downward pull exerted upon such bearing (n) by the yarns or threads (A)
passing over the roller (m). The roller (m) is made of brass or any other suitable
material. The springs (p) are made of such strength and elasticity that they shall
be capable of sustaining the roller (m) approximately in the position in which
it is indicated in Figs. 1, 7 and 8 in opposition to the average pressure exerted upon
such roller (m) by the yarns or threads (A) and be capable of yielding to the
pressure which such yarns or threads (A) exert upon such roller (m) when the
traversing guide (d) through which such yarns or threads pass is near and at
the ends of its stroke and also be capable of raising the roller (m) or holding it
in a position somewhat higher than that in which it is indicated in Figs. 1, 7 and 8
in opposition to the pressure exerted upon such roller (m) by the said yarns or
threads (A) when the said traversing guide (d') is at or near the central parts of its
stroke. By being arranged in the said manner the springs (p) enable the tension
to which the yarns or threads (A) are subjected to be kept approximately uniform
and thus the gradual narrowing of the ball into or upon which the yarns or threads
forming a warp or a portion of a warp being balled are wound which has hitherto
been caused by the increased tension to which the yarns or threads being balled in
a Scotch warping or balling machine have hitherto been subjected when the
traversing guide employed in such machine is at or near the ends of its stroke is
prevented from being caused.
The next part of my invention which consists in improvements by which I am
enabled to ensure that the axis of the roller or tube upon which the yarns or
threads forming a warp or portion of a warp being balled by means of a balling
machine of the said kind are being wound shall be kept parallel to the axis of the
drum or roller by means of which the said yarns or threads are caused to be wound
upon the said roller or tube and thus to ensure that the yarns or threads shall always
be properly wound upon the circumference of the ball being formed and be prevented.
B

page_text: from falling over the ends of such ball so as to be in danger of entanglement and
by which the cominencement of the winding into balls of warps or portions of
warps is facilitated is illustrated in part by Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying
drawings and is further illustrated by Figs. 9 and 10 of the said drawings, Fig. 9
being a side elevation and Fig. 10 a rear elevation of the parts illustrated in such
figures. In Figs. 1, 2, 9 and 10, (q) (9) are the blocks or attachments in which is
mounted the axle (h) upon which is mounted the tube or roller (r) upon which the
yarns or threads (A) are formed or wound into a ball (B). Each of the blocks or
attachments (9) is formed with jaws (9') between which the axle (h) is placed. Pins
may be passed through holes formed in the blocks or attachments (g) in order to close
the open ends of the spaces between the jaws (g¹) after the axle (4) has been placed
therein but I find that it is ordinarily unnecessary to provide any means specially
intended to retain the axle (4) between the jaws (9) since such axle (h) does
not ordinarily tend to escape from such jaws (9). Each block or attachment (g)
is connected to a chain (s) which passes around guide pulleys (t) (u) (v) provided
for use in connection with such chain (s) and each mounted so as to be capable of
being revolved upon a stud secured in one of the sides of the framework () in
which the axle of the drum or roller (d) is supported. The chains (s) respectively
pass around and gear into chain wheels (w) mounted fast upon a shaft (a) which is
capable of being revolved in bearings provided in or upon the framework in which
the axle of the drum or roller (d) is supported. As each of the chains (s) gears
into or engages with one of the toothed wheels (w) any movement imparted to one
of the blocks or attachments (9) by the part of the axle (h) which passes through
such block or attachment (g) will be communicated by means of the chain (s)
connected to it and the chain-wheel (w) into which such chain (s) gears or engages,
the shaft (a) and the other chain-wheel (w) and chain (s) to the other block or
attachment (g) and thus the axle (h) being once set horizontal is kept horizontal
while a ball is being formed upon the tube or roller (r) placed upon such axle (h).
If at the commencement of the winding of a warp or portion of a warp upon the
tube or roller (r) placed upon the axle (h), the axle (h) and the tube or roller (e)
placed thereon are not sufficiently heavy to press the yarns or threads (A) upon
the surface of the drum or roller (d) so as to cause such yarns or threads (A) io,
be wound sufficiently closely upon the said tube or roller (r) the attendant in
charge of the machine can by turning the shaft (a) in the direction indicated by
the arrow (C) either by applying his hand thereto or pulling upon one or other of
the chains (w) in a suitable direction cause such tube or roller (r) to press the
yarns or threads (A) more firmly upon the surface of the drum or roller (d) and so
cause the yarns or threads (A) to be wound upon the said tube or roller (r) as
firmly as may be desirable and to enable the attendant to turn the shaft (a) in the
said mauner more easily I provide one of the chain-wheels (w) with a handle (y)
to which the hand of the attendant may be applied.
Instead of the chaius (s) being caused to pass around and gear into or engage
with chain-wheels (e) each of such chains (s) if of a suitable construction may be
divided into two parts and be attached to a block mounted fast upon the shaft (a)
and become in part coiled upon and in part uncoiled from the block to which it is
connected when the axle (A) is caused to move upwards or downwards or instead
of chains (8) used in such manner metal or other suitable ropes which are not
liable to stretch may be employed.
The next part of my invention which is made possible by the provision of the
shaft (a) and blocks or attachments (9) and the chains (s) or ropes used instead
thereof and consists in improvements enabling the roller or tube (7) upon which
yarns or threads (A) forming a warp or a portion of a warp are to be wound into
a ball (B) in a balling machine of the said kind to be pressed more closely upon
or towards the drum or roller (d) by means of which the said yarns or threads are
to be wound upon such roller or tube (r) is illustrated by Figs. 11 and 12 of the
accompanying drawings, Fig. 11 being a side elevation and Fig. 12 a rear elevation
of the parts shown therein. In Figs. 11 and 12 there are shown a portion of the

page_text: |:shaft (2) above mentioned and one of the chain-wheels (w) aforesaid and also an
arm (2) to which a weight (2) is connected by means of a chain (3), which is
capable of being slidden upon the arm (z), but incapable of being removed there-
from a knob being provided upon the arm (=) to prevent the said chain (3) from
slipping therefrom. The arm (2) is mounted fast upon the shaft (a) and in such
position thereon that when the roller or tube (r) upon the axle (4) above mentioned
is at or nearly in contact with the drum or roller (d) as at the commencement of
the winding of a ball upon such tube or roller (r) the arm (2) shall be in a more
or less horizontal position and so that the weight (2) acting upon such arm (2) by
means of the chain (3) shall tend to turn the shaft (a) in the direction indicated
by the arrow (C) and so press the axle (h) towards the drum or roller (d). As
the ball (B) is formed upon the tube or roller (r) such tube or roller (7) and the
axie () will be raised and so gradually turn the shaft (a) in the direction opposite
to that indicated by the arrow (C), and eventually cause the chain (3) to slide
upon the arm (2) and pass into contact with the shaft (a) and become wound
thereon. As the arm (2) is turned in the direction opposite to that indicated by
the arrow (C) towards a vertical position from the position in which it is indicated
in Figs. 11 and 12 the pressure which is placed upon the axle (h) by means of the
weights (2) will be caused to decrease and when the chain (3) comes into contact
with the shaft (a) and becomes coiled thereon the weight (2) will practically cease
to exert pressure upon the axle (h) until after the formation of the ball (B) has
been completed and the tube or roller (r) having been replaced by another the
axle () is moved downwards and so caused to turn the shaft (*) in the direction
indicated by the arrow (C) and cause the chain (3) to be again clear of the
shaft (a). It is obvious that there may be employed two or more arms (z),
chains (3) and weights (2) and that other arrangements of weights may be
employed as has been above mentioned in reference to this part of my invention
and in cases in which weights sliding upon arms are employed I provide spring
catches or other suitable devices to keep such weights in the positions into which
they slide in order to become less effective in causing the rollers or tubes on which
balls are being formed to be pressed against the drums or rollers by means of which the
yarns or threads are wound into balls until the said balls have been completed and
it is necessary to commence the formation of fresh ones.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a machine of the kind herein before described for forming warps or portions
of warps into balls a guide (k) formed with a curved face (¹) to act upon the
yarns or threads to be guided thereby for the purposes and substantially in the
manner herein before described.
2. In a machine of the kind hereinbefore described for forming warps or portions
of warps into balls, a guide (k) formed of a spring adjustable in shape by means of
screws and formed with a curved face (k) to act upon the yarns or threads to be
guided thereby for the purposes and substantially in the manuer herein before
described.
3. In a machine of the kind herein before described for forming warps or portions
of warps into balls, the combination of a roller (m) and springs (p) (p) employed,
arranged and operating for the purposes and substantially in the manner herein-
before described.
4. In a machine of the kind herein before described for forming warps or portions
of warps into balls the combination of blocks or attachments (7), chains (s) or
ropes, chain-wheels (w) or blocks employed instead of chain-wheels, and a shaft (x)
all arranged, employed and operating for the purposes and substantially in the
manner herein before described.
5. In a machine of the kind herein before described for forming warps or portions
of warps into balls, the combination with blocks or attachments (g), chains (s) or

page_text: ropes, chain-wheels (w) or blocks employed instead of chain-wheels, and a shaft (c)
all arranged, employed and operating for the purposes and substantially in the
manner bereinbefore described, of a weight or weights arranged substantially in
the manner hereinbefore described to press the tube or roller upon which the
yarns or threads forming the warp or portion of a warp to be wound into a ball
towards the drum or roller by which they are wound into a ball at the commence-
ment of the formation of each ball and to become less effective in causing or cease
to cause the said tube or roller to be pressed towards the said drum or roller as the
winding of the ball proceeds or when the winding of such ball has proceeded
to a certain extent.
Dated this Fourteenth day of November 1895.
HOWARD
CHEETHAM,
Manchester, Agent to the Applicant.