Improvements in Water Closets, and in Pipe Connections therefor and for other Oognate Purpose.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Oct., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 9th Aug., 1895-Accepted, 28th Sept., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Water Closets, and in Pipe Connections therefor
and for other Oognate Purpose.
'
I, HENRY ISIDORE DAKIN of No. 4 Grand Parade Putney in the County of
Surrey Builder and Sanitary Engineer. do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:―
;
According to my invention I construct a water-closet of the so-called" wash
down" type with a pan of the usual form but the outlet side is screwed either
externally or internally. The screw thread is formed for connecting to the soil
pipe by means of a union or the like and if the soil pipe be made of lead I prefer
to connect it to the nut by expanding the end of the pipe and forming it into a
flange and preferably thickening and strengthening the flange by adding a washer
behind the flange and soldering the washer to the flange so as to make them
integral with each other. It is evident however that the pipe with this connection
thereon may be made of brass or other suitable material. An asbestos or other
suitable washer is interposed so as form tight joint between the flange and the
outlet on the pan when the union is screwed up. The joint in this and all cases
hereinafter referred to is always below the level of the water in the trap so that a
leakage of sewer gas is impossible. In applying a joint of the description specified,
I am further enabled by making the bends. in various lengths to dispense with any
other joint inside the house and also to turn the bend to any required angle in
addition to which the closet may be disconnected without difficulty.
As applied to a so called "syphonic water closet the application of the
invention is practically the same. The closet is of pedestal form in one piece of
earthenware so constructed that the syphonic outlet is continued in earthenware to
the "outgo" of the trap forming the second water scal. This outlet is screwed as
before described and the joint made in the same way.
In constructing a "valve" closet I discard the metal box and trap and use
instead a specially constructed earthenware trap only, with a suitable joint below
the water seal preferably as previously described and the whole apparatus above
the floor.
7
I also apply this joint or pipe connection to urinals, baths sinks and other outlet
or waste pipes.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
5 Improvements in Water Closets, and in Pipe Connections therefor
and for other Cognate Purpose.
I HENRY ISIDORE DAKIN of No. 4 Grand Parade Putney in the County of
Surrey Builder and Sanitary Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
0. described and ascertained in and by the following statement. :-
According to my invention I construct a watercloset of the so-called "wash

page_text: down" type with a pan of the usual form but the ontlet side is screwed externally
or internally. The screw thread is formed for connecting to the soil pipe by
meaus of a union or the liketand if the soil pipe be made of lead I prefer to connect
it to the nut by expanding the, end of the pipe and forming it into a flange,and
preferably thickening and strengthening the flange by adding a washer behind the
flange and soldering the washer to the flange so as to make them integral with
each other. It is evident however that the pipe with this connection thereon may
be made of brass or other suitable material. An asbestos or other suitable washer,
is interposed so as to form tight joint between the flange and the outlet on the pan
or trap when the union is screwed up: The joint in this and all cases hereinafter
referred, to is.always below the level of the water in, the trap so, that a leakage of
sewer gas is, impossible. In applying a joint of the description specified, I am,
further enabled by making the bends in various lengths to dispense with any other
joint inside the house and also to turn the bend to any required angle in addition
to which the closet may be disconnected without difficulty.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings is a vertical section through a so-called
"wash down"-closet-pan at the outlet side, constructed according to my invention.
The pan is at this place provided with a screw thread for connecting to the soil
pipe B by means of a union C. The thread of the screw is preferably made of
rectangular form to facilitate.expansion and contraction radially without affecting
the tension of the joint. If the soil pipe B is made of lead I prefer to adapt it for
connecting it to the union by expanding the end of the pipe and forming it into a
flange and preferably thickening and strengthening the flange by adding a washer
behind the flange and soldering, the washer to the flange so as to make them
integral with each other. It'is evident however that the pipe with this connection
thereon may
be of brass or other suitable material.. It is also evident that the
screw thread for uniting the outlet or trap to tho,soil pipe may be made in a separate
piece to be connected to the pan or trap. An asbestos or other suitable imperishable
washer is interposed so as to form a tight joint. between the flange and the outlet
on the pan or trap when the union is screwed up. The joint in this case and in all
cases hereinafter referred to is always below the level of the water in the trap
so that a leakage of gas is. impossible. While applying a joint of the
description specified, I an further enabled 'by making the bends in various
lengths to dispense with any other joint inside the house and also to turn the bend
to any required angle in addition to which the closet may be disconnected without
difficulty.
In constructing a syphonic closet arrangement according to my invention 1 form
the syphon outlet either as part of the closet pan, or as part of the outlet
pipe.
In the vertical section Fig. 2'is shewn a closet pan A of suitable sliape by preference
with large water surface and having an outlet pipo B. Into the longer leg A¹ of
the syphon outlet a trapped union branch D from the arm A2 of the pan or the
flush pipe F, is inserted having a detachable T piece E for connection, to vent pipe.
The passage A¹ is by preference of an oblong or oval section the shorter axis or
diameter being here shewn. By this means I improve the syphonic action in closets
which are entirely above the Hoor and where the passage A' is in consequence
limited as to height. To this closet is connected by means of the screwed union C
previously described the outlet bend B which may be of any suitable material and of
sufficient length to reach the soil pipe.
91
Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of a washdown syphonic closet with the joint C,
the top of the pipe B being fitted with the T piece E and trapped union branch D
from the " arm A of the pan or the flush pipe F. The T. shape of the
piece facilitates connecting the vent pipe and the jet. pipe D according to
the direction in which the pipe B is turned. The descending pipe B₁ is by
preference of oblong or: oval section for the purpose of furthering the syphon
action the shorter axis or diameter of the oval or oblong being shewn in

page_text: this view. This is of especial importance. where. the entire apparatus. is above
the floor.
•
Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view of a closet with modified jet-supply. To the
outlet pipe B is connected by means of a union or the like instead of the T piece
and branch previously described a jet pipe E which is connected to the trapped
Alush pipe F and then preferably carried below the level of the water seal in the
flush pipe F but it must be understood that I do not confiue myself to the precise
mode of connecting the pipe E with the pipes B-and-F for in some cases I may
connect it with other parts of the said pipes.
Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view of part of the trap aud soil pipe bend B united
by a union C which is within the internally screwed trap outlet, the joint being
made by a washer below the union C. This joint might be applied in oases such as
the arrangements shewn in Figs. 3 and 4, but I prefer in all cases to use an externally
screw-threaded trap outlet.
By making syphonic closets upon the principles above described I obtain the
following advantages:-
In the joint CI obtain the advantages of a strong joint which admits of the
pipe B being turned to the required direction and is detachable and being below
the level of the water seal prevents the possibility of gas escape.
Discharge of slops into the closet, shewn in Figs. 2 and 3 does not affect the
water seal in the pan.
The whole of the closet apparatus can conveniently be arranged above the floor.
The principle illustrated in Fig. 4 furthermore offers the advantage of auto-
matically flushing the closet when discharging slops into the pan because a suction
is thereby created in the pipes E and F and the water is thus drawn into the
pipe B from the syphon cistern which discharges its contents.
It is evident that the joint C above described may be used in connection with
any other forms of closets, including valve closets. In constructing the last named
I prefer instead of the usual metal box and trap to use a trap such as A' shewn in
the vertical sectional view Fig. 6; this closet is also shewn entirely above the
floor. The pau A and valve are of usual form, but the trap outlet A¹ is of
earthenware, preferably with shallow oval bottom outlet, for the purpose of saving
height and for creating a stronger flushing action and with screwed end to receive
the union C and bend B. The outlet A may also be made to discharge at the
back instead of at the side and the soil pipe B may as before described be turned
in the required direction.
I also apply the joint as above described to urinals baths lavatories sinks and
other outlet or waste pipes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. On a closet pan, urinal, lavatory, bath, sink, or the like, the application of a
screwed trap outlet for connecting thereto by a union joint an outlet bend or waste
pipe, of any desired length which can be turned in the required position, the joint
being below the water level in the trap, thus preveuting the escape of sewer gas,
or foul air, substantially as set forth.
2. On a syphonic closet the construction of the passage A¹ and the application
thereto of the screwed outlet union joint C, substantially as described with
reference to Fig. 2.
3: On a syphonic closet the application of the trapped jet pipe D connected to
the arm A and flush pipe F and the T-piece E on the outlet pipe B, substantially
as described with reference to Figs. 2 and 3.
-
4. On a syphonic closet the application of the jet pipe E connected to the
outlet bend B and flushing pipe F substantially as described with reference to
Fig. 4.

page_text: 5. In valve closets the valve box and trap A having screwed outlet for union
joint C substantially as described with reference to Fig. 6.-
Dated this 9th day of August 1895.