A MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING HORSE-SHOE NAILS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexandre Quinard, of No. 15, Passage des Petites
Ecuries, in the City of Paris, in the Empire of France, Hardware
Manufacturer, for the Invention of "A MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING
HORSE-SHOE NAILS."
Sealed the 5th September 1862, and dated the 14th March 1862..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexandre Quinard at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th March 1862.
I, ALEXANDRE QUINARD, of No. 15, Passage des Petites Ecuries, in the
City of Paris, in the Empire of France, Hardware Manufacturer, dó hereby.
declare the nature of the said Invention for "A MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING
HORSE-SHOE NAILS," to be as follows:-
My machine or apparatus is supported on and by a cast-iron table or plate
fixed on a wooden framing, say about three feet high. The main shaft is
put in motion by means of a pulley placed upon its extension, a fly wheel. of
about five feet in diameter serves as regulator and lessens the shock occasioned
by each revolution. The iron from which the nails are to be cut is first rolled
in a flatting machine, so as to leave to my apparatus only the duty of heading
and shaping the nail. The iron from which the nail is severed presents itself:
between two presses; a knife advances and cuts it into a limited length. The:

page_text: balance or beam pivots on its axle, its alternate up-and-down motion being
communicated by a connecting rod from the first shaft. The nail being cut
descends between the two presses, which then play and nip the nail. One of
these two presses is fixed, but it possesses a groove, in which is held a tool, the
extremity of which carries the shape of the side of the head of the nail; this
tool is moved by a piece which receives its own impulsion from a cam keyed
on the shaft. The second press is held in a system of slide bars, which pass
These
between two small supports fixed on the table and united by a cap.
slide bars receive their motion from the shaft. The play of the presses
accomplished, the nail is struck almost simultaneously by a hammer. This
hammer passes between two guides, and receives its motion from the shaft by
means of two connecting rods fitted thereupon, which seize the principal part
or main piece of the hammer on both sides. This principal part or piece is
pierced and receives a second hammer, which carries at its extremity the
shape of the head of the nail. This piece is regulated by a screw. On the
table is a support or bearer, on which rest and slide the two presses. At
the head of the balance, and on the right side, is a large bent spring, which is
placed behind the knife, arrests the iron presented, and regulates the cut.
Nails are thus obtained without defect, as the iron is in nowise altered or
injured, its malleability being entirely preserved.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alexandre Quinard in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th September 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALEXANDRE
QUINARD, of No. 15, Passage des Petites Ecuries, in the City of Paris, in
the Empire of France, Hardware Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by. Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Alexandre. Quinard, Her special licence that I, the said Alexandre
Quinard, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Alexandre Quinard, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with; and no others, from, time, to time and at all times.
thereafter during, the term therein, expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain

page_text: and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A
MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING HORSE-SHOE NAILS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Alexandre Quinard, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alexandre Quinard, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed,
and forming part of this my Specification, and to the figures and letters of
reference placed thereon, similar letters being placed upon and denoting
similar parts where such parts appear or may be seen at each of the Figures
respectively:-
:-
My machine is composed of a cast-iron table, on which rest all the different
movements or parts constituting said machine. This table is itself sup-
ported on a wooden framing about three feet high. The main shaft A
receives motion by means of a pulley placed on its extension; there is also a
fly wheel of about a foot and a half in diameter, which serves to regulate the
working of the machine and lessen the shocks occasioned by each revolution
of the apparatus.
Figure 1 of the Drawings represents a section through line A, B, of plan,
the movement of the slide bars of the press C being removed, so that the press
is seen in end view; Figure 2 shews section C, D, of plan (excepting that all
the parts of the machine have not been shewn, in order to avoid the confusion
which would have been caused by indicating the hidden parts in dotted lines);
Figure 3, plan view, the beam B and its connecting rod being removed, in
order the better, to shew the parts they would cover; Figure 4 is a view in
half size of the two presses and of the hammer m, which strikes the head of
the nail at the last operation, the nail is shewn as it would appear when just
finished; Figure 5 represents the different diameters of the main shaft A.
The large circumference (in black) is the part of the shaft which presses.
against the supports S and S', which serve to receive the shock caused by the
stroke of the hammer as it hits the nail, which would otherwise spread to the
shaft, and give it a tendency to split or break. The two circles or rings in
blue and red are the two eccentric parts of the shaft A. The red ring is that
of the connecting rod of the beam or balance, and its radius of eccentricity is

page_text: about an inch and a half. The blue ring or circle is that of the connecting
rods of the hammer, and its radius of eccentricity is about an inch, or rather
less. Figure 6 is the end view of the two sides where the nail presents itself.,
b
The action of the machine is as follows:-The iron presents itself between
the two presses c and b, and it is then that the knife r, which is mounted on
the beam B. (Figure 1), cuts the iron, and limits its length. The axis of the
beam is at the pin or pivot d, and its alternate motion from top to bottom is
communicated by means of a connecting rode mounted on the part f
(Figure 3) of the shaft A. After this first operation, the nail being cut,
descends between the two presses, the play of which is then felt closing on the
nail, as shewn, Figure 4 (half size). The press 6 is fixed, but it has a groove
(shewn Figure 5), in which moves another tool (Figure 3), the extremity
of which carries, the impress of the side of the head of the nail. This tool is
moved by the piece p, which receives its motion from a cam i keyed on the
shaft A, and its point of rotation is at i. The press c is held in an arrange-
ment of slide bars 9 and g¹, which pass between two small supports and n
fixed on the table, and united by a cap h (Figure 3). The slide bars receive
their movement from the shaft A¹ (Figure 3), which itself receives motion.
from the shaft A by means of two cams fixed on this shaft, which set in
motion the two levers 7 and 1¹ keyed on the shaft A¹ (Figures 3 and 2). The
shaft A¹ has an eccentric piece at a, where the two pieces t and t¹ which give
motion to the slide bars fix themselves. The presses having accomplished
their work, I cause the hammer m to act almost simultaneously and strike the
nail; this hammer passes between the guides or slides n, and receives its
motion from the shaft A by means of two rods fixed on this shaft, and which
seize or take the principal part of the hammer on each side. This principal
piece is pierced and receives the bammer (properly so called) m³, which.
carries at its extremity the impress or shape of the head of the nail. This
piece is regulated by a screw, which is not shewn in the Drawings), simply
screwed on the back of the principal piece k, m. The piece y (Figures 1
and 3) is a support adhering to the table, and on which rest and slide the two
presses. At the head of the beam, and on the right side, is a large counter-
bent spring, which places itself behind the knife r, and serves to arrest the
iron the moment it presents itself and regulates the length to be cut. The
manufacture above described produces a faultless nail, inasmuch as the iron is
in no way impaired, and preserves compete malleability. This is obtained by
using rolled iron of the best quality passed through a rolling or flatting engine
which has already prepared the stem of the nail, so that the action of the
machine is reduced to simply striking the head, and giving it the final shape.

page_text: The use of this rolled or flatted iron being one of the characteristic points of
my Invention, I have shewn in the Drawing (at Figure 7) samples of this
iron drawn to proper size, and claim the use of this iron as forming part of
my Invention, which not only enables me to produce a better, but also a
cheaper nail, by reason of the rapidity with which my machine works.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexandre Quinard, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Sixth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
ALEXANDRE QUINARD. (L.S.)