Year: 1885

page_text: I SILVANUS PHILLIPS THOMPSON of 20 Arundel Gardens Notting Hill in the
County of Middlesex Doctor of Science and Professor of Experimental Physics do
hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
My improvements relate to telephonic apparatus and have for their object
making such apparatus cheaper, more convenient to handle or carry and, more
efficient. Very few of the telephonic transmitters hitherto devised have been
portable as they are usually so sensitive to jars and shocks that they must be fixed
against a wall-The transmitter constructed according to my Invention is designed
to be held in the hand or other suitable support and to work in any position, One
or more rods, tubes or pieces of platinum, brass, coke-carbon or other suitable good
conductor of electricity are arranged in loose contact in a frame to which the
corresponding contact pieces of suitable material are attached or the frame itself
is made of contact pieces suitably joined and adapted to receive the rods tubes or
pieces, the frame being light, and constructed preferably of wood, ivory, ebonite or
any light and not readily breakable substance, or it may be of glass, cork, india-
rubber carbon or of metal solid or hollow suitably insulated-The vibrations of
sounds may be received either through the air direct upon the rods, tubes or pieces,
or immediately through the substance of the frame from the sounding body—It is
convenient that the frame should have a suitable projection for the latter purpose
which may serve also as a handle, or a separate handle is in some cases provided
and it is convenient to carry through such handle flexible conductors for the affluent
and defluent current-The said transmitter may in certain cases be used also for
receiving but I prefer the apparatus hereinafter described for that part-The
transmitting mechanism is connected to the primary circuit of an induction
apparatus constructed in the following manner-The primary wire and the secondary
wire having been wound separately in coils of a suitable diameter without any
core or bobbin are laid side by side and are then wrapped round transversely with
thin iron wires which thread through the inside of the said coils and pass to the
outside, and the said primary and secondary coils may be each divided into two or
more sections or coils, thus one ring of primary may be laid between two rings of
secondary wire and then the whole bound transversely with thin iron wire, and it
is expedient that the said thin iron wire should be previously varnished and should
not be in too long lengths-Or the said subdivision may be carried to a still further
degree by constructing a cable of one primary and two or more secondary wires all

page_text: insulated from one another, which cable is then coiled up into a ring, and the ends
of the separate secondary wires are then united in series and the whole ring is then
wrapped as before with iron wire or the said cable may be wrapped with an external
coating of iron wire wound spirally in short lengths and then the coated cable may
be either coiled up in a ring or folded up in any desired way, the object of these
improved modes of construction being to secure a maximum of mutual induction
letween the primary and secondary wires with a minimum of self induction in
either The secondary wire of the coil is connected in series with the main circuit
and in parallel with the receiving part of the apparatus at the same station-The
receiver consists of a single coil of wire having preferably between 10 and
1000 ohms resistance placed in or upon a magnet of the following kind-A narrow
triangular piece of steel tapering or narrowing from its base or broad end to its
apex, is taken. In its broad end a notch slot or hole is formed to receive the
aforesaid coil and the small end of the strip is bent round so as to be inserted into
the coil as a core-The strip is magnetised longitudinally-Above the centre of the
coil is fixed a small slightly cupped pan or dish, it being supported by being
rivetted at or near its centre to a spring which in turn is screwed to the broad end
of the aforesaid magnet; or the narrow end of the magnet may itself serve as an
elastic support-The spring may be of any suitable material but preferably of
ribbon steel The pan or dish may be of tin plate or thin metal of any kind or of
horn, ivory or wood or any other suitable material but if it contain no magnetic
metal it is expedient that the rivet should be of iron or other magnetic metal.
As the aforesaid pan or dish is to be applied to the ear it is advisable that the edge
should not be left sharp but should be turned over smoothly all round-The said
receiver is not made use of to work the switch in my present Invention, the
transmitting part of the apparatus being used instead; it being so arranged that
when the transmitter is not in use the projection or handle of this part of the
apparatus mentioned above shall be pushed into a suitable cavity or receptacle in a
suitable switch board in the manner of a jack-knife and by so being pushed in
actuates a switch to change the contacts.
NOOK

page_text: I SILVANUS PHILLIPS THOMPSON of 20 Arundel Gardens Notting Hill in the
County of Middlesex Doctor of Science and Professor of Experimental Physics do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My improvements relate to telephonec apparatus and have for their object
making such apparatus cheaper more convenient to handle or carry and more
efficient than hitherto. Very few of the telephonic transmitters hitherto devised
have been portable as they are usually so sensitive to jars and shocks that they
must be fixed against a wall. The transmitter constructed according to my
Invention is designed to be held in the hand or other suitable support and to
work in any position. One or more rods tubes or pieces of platinum brass coke-
carbon or other suitable good conductor of electricity are arranged in loose contact
in a frame to which the corresponding contact pieces of suitable material are
attached or the frame itself is made of contact pieces suitably joined and adapted
to receive the rods tubes or pieces the frame being light and constructed preferably
of wood ivory ebonite or any light and not readily breakable substance or it may
be of glass cork indiarubber carbon or of metal solid or hollow suitably insulated.
The vibrations of sounds may be received either through the air direct upon the
rods tubes or pieces or immediately through the substance of the frame from the
sounding body-It is convenient that the frame should have a suitable projection.
for the latter purpose, which may also serve as a handle, or a separate handle may
be provided, and it is convenient to carry through such handle flexible conductors.
for the incoming and outgoing current. Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawing
represents in plan and Figure 2 in longitudinal section a convenient form of.
transmitter constructed according to my Invention A is a frame of insulating
material provided with two projections or handles A2 A" one of which is shewn as
a simple projection to place against the sounding body and the other as being
covered with India rubber to constitute the handle by which the instrument is
held-B B are the conductors for the current which are attached respectively to
two bars C, C, of metal or other conducting material in which are holes in which.
are supported the ends of the bars tubes or the like D. Upon these bars tubes or
the like the sound waves may be directed or they may be conveyed from the
sounding body by placing one of the projections A² thereon. Figure 3 shews a
modification wherein the conducting pieces C, C, form the frame supporting the
bars tubes or the like D and are separated from each other by insulation at c².
B are the conductors each connected to one of the pieces C C.
When the transmitter is not in use the projection or handle may be pushed into
a cavity or receptacle in a suitable part of the instrument or case so as to actuate
a switch to change the contacts from the speaking to the bell circuit. This will be
understood without illustration by those accustomed to the use of telephonic
switches. The said transmitter may be used also for receiving. The transmitting
mechanism is connected to the primary circuit of an induction apparatus constructed

page_text: in the following manner. The primary wire and the secondary wire having been
wound separately in coils of a suitable diameter without any core or bobbin are
laid side by side as shewn in the section, Figure 4 (where S is the secondary
and P the primary wire) and are then all wrapped round together traversely
with thin iron wires which thread through the inside of all the said coils and pass
to the outside thereof as shewn at f in the plan Figure 5. The said primary and
secondary coils may be each divided with two or more sections or coils, thus one
ring of primary may be laid between two rings of secondary wire as illustrated in
Figure 4 and then the whole be bound transversely with the thin iron wire.f as
illustrated but I do not limit myself to any particular number of coils. It is
expedient that the said thin wire f should be previously varnished or otherwise
insulated and should not be in too long lengths. The primary and the secondary
wires are coated or covered with any suitable insulation before coiling and placing
together. The said sub-division may be carried to a still further degree by
constructing a cable of one primary and two or more secondary wires all insulated
from one another by any suitable coating or covering and arranged as shewn
in Figure 6 which cable is then coiled up into a ring or other convenient form and
the ends of the separate secondary wires are united in series and the whole ring is
then wrapped as before described with iron wire or the said cable may be wrapped
with an external coating of iron wire wound spirally in short lengths and then the
coated cable may be either coiled up in a ring or folded up in any desired way for
example as shewn in Figure 7, the object of these improved modes of construction
being to secure a maximum of mutual induction between the primary and
secondary wires with a minimum of self induction in either. The secondary
wire S of the coil is connected in series with the main circuit and in parallel with
the receiving part of the apparatus at the same station, P is the primary and S the
secondary wire in all the Figures.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First A telephonic transmitter constructed substantially as hereinbefore
described and adapted for use in the manner specified.
Second-The telephone transmitters constructed as illustrated in Figures 1
and 2 and in Figure 3 of the accompanying drawings.
Third-Induction apparatus for telephones constructed in the manner sub-
stantially as and for the purpose herein before described.
Fourth-The application to telephones of an induction apparatus consisting of
a coiled primary wire and a coiled secondary wire the coils being laid side by side
in any suitable number and being bound together by iron wire substantially as
herein before described.
Fifth-An induction apparatus for telephones consisting of a primary wire
around which are longitudinally arranged secondary wires the cable produced
being coiled or wrapped upon itself and bound with iron wire either before or
after coiling or wrapping and the wires being connected substantially as herein-
before described.
Sixth In a telephonic system the combination of a transmitter and an
induction apparatus both constructed or arranged substantially as hereinbefore
described.