Improvements in the Production of Ozone, and Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application.. 8th. Feb., 1898
Complete Specification-Left, 7th Nov., 1898-Accepted; 17th Dec., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Production of Ozone, and Apparatus therefor.
A communication from abroad by L. E. LACROIX, of Marseilles, France, Engineer.
I, GEORGE BELOE ELLIS, of the Firm; of; J. C. Mewburn and Ellis, of- 55
and 56, Chancery Lane, in the County of London, Chartered Patent Agents, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention; to be; as follows:-
: --
The technical production of ozone depends upon the condensation of oxygen by
electrical discharge. The present invention relates to certain improvements -in
the method and the apparatus employed whereby certain difficulties which tend
materially to reduce the yield of ozone are overcome.
1
By electrical discharges there is a development of heat-which is detrimental ito.
the production of ozone and attempts have been made with more or less success
to overcome this difficulty by cooling.
According to the present, invention it is possible to avoid almost completely,
any development of heat while at the same time the electrical discharge. can
be employed with maximum effect. These desirable results are obtained by caus
ing the oxygen or purified air which is passed through the ozonising apparatus
to gradually dilate or expand in volume the diameter of the apparatus towards
the exit being with this object made many times greater than the diameter at...
the entrance. The surfaces between which the electrical discharge takes place
are covered with a suitable insulating material so as to afford as much resistance..
as. possible:
The gradual rarefaction of the current of gas on, the one hand, produces a sharp
fall of temperature whilst on the other hand the nature of the electrical discharge.
is, affected, and so altered. that in the rarefied atmosphere. it takes place. very
regularly and without much sparking. This dark discharge is far more, efficient.
for the production of ozone than violent discharges at undiminished. pressure.
In order to carry out this invention an apparatus of the following construction
may for, example be employed, altho' it will be understood, that the apparatus
may be. considerably modified, in, detail, according to the. requirements of space
and convenience of manipulation. The ozoniser consists of a series, of concentric.
tubes. made, of aluminium or: other suitable metal and the outer sides of which
are glazed. or covered with other insulating material. In, a series, of five. such.
concentric. tubes the relative sizes may for example be such, that the diameter
of the outermost tube is about twenty-five times, greater, than that of the inner-
most.
Connection, is made with the source of electricity in such a manner that the.
first,, third, fifth, etc., tubes are connected with the one pole, and the second,.
fourth, etc., tubes with the other. The tubes are hermetically. closed, with discs.
at alternate ends so as to form a continuous tortuous channel of everwidening,
dimensions through which the gas flows. Naturally the two systems are also,
carefully isolated one from the other.
In order to effect the. rarefaction of the current of air. or gas the free end, of

page_text: the external tube is connected with a suction pump by means of which the air
or gas is drawn through the apparatus, entering by the free end of the inner-
most tube. Objects which it is desired to submit to the action of the ozone
generated may be exposed in a chamber either interpolated in the system between
the ozoniser and the suction pump. or situated beyond the suction pump.
Dated this 8th day of Kebruary 1898
:
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.
Improvements in the Production of Ozone, and Apparatus therefor.
A communication from abroad by L. E. LACROIX, of Marseilles, France, Engineer.
I, GEORGE BELOE ELLIS, of the Firm of J. C. Mewburn and Ellis, of 55
and 56, Chancery Lane, in the County of London, Chartered Patent Agents, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The technical production of ozone depends upon the condensation of oxygen by
electrical discharge. The present invention relates to certain improvements in
the method and the apparatus employed whereby certain difficulties which tend.
materially to reduce the yield of ozone are overcome.
By electrical discharges there is a development of heat which is detrimental to
the production of ozone and attempts have been made with more or less success
to overcome this difficulty by cooling.
According to the present invention it is possible to avoid almost completely
any development of heat while at the same time the electrical discharge can
be employed with maximum effect. These desirable results are obtained by caus-
ing the oxygen or purified air which is passed through the ozonizing apparatus
to gradually dilate or expand in volume the diameter of the apparatus towards
the exit being with this object made many times greater than the diameter at
the entrance. The surfaces between which the electrical discharge takes place
are covered with a suitable insulating material so as to afford as much resistance
as possible.
The gradual rarefaction of the current of gas on the one hand produces a sharp
fall of temperature whilst on the other hand the nature of the electrical discharge
is affected and so altered that in the rarefied atmosphere it takes place very
regularly and without much sparking. This dark discharge is far more efficient
for the production of ozone than violent discharges at undiminished pressure.
In order to carry out this invention an apparatus of the following construction
may for example be employed although it will be understood that the apparatus
may be considerably modified in detail according to the requirements of space
and convenience of manipulation. The ozoniser consists of a series of concentric
tubes made of aluminium or other suitable metal and the outer sides of which
are glazed or covered with other insulating material. In a series of five such
concentric tubes, the relative sizes may for example be such that the diameter
of the outermost tube is about twenty-five times greater than that of the inner-
⚫ Connection is made with the source of electricity in such a manner that the
most.

page_text: first, third, fifth etc., tubes are connected with the one pole, and the second,
fourth, etc., tubes with the other. The tubes are hermetically closed with discs
at alternate ends so as to form a continuous tortuous channel of everwidening
dimensions through which the gas flows. Naturally the two systems are also
carefully isolated one from the other.
In order to effect the rarefaction of the current of air or gas the free end of
the external tube is connected with a suction pump by means of which the air
or gas is drawn through the apparatus, entering by the free end of the inner-
most tube. Objects which it is desired to submit to the action of the ozone
generated may be exposed in a chamber either interpolated in the system between
the ozoniser and the suction pump or situated beyond the suction pump.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion as communicated to me and in what manner the same is to be performed,
I declare that what I claim is:-
1. The production of ozone or ozonised air by means of an electrical discharge
through oxygen or air whilst dilated or rarefied on its passage through an
apparatus having tubes or continuous tortuous channels of widening dimensions,
substantially as described.
2. The production of ozone or ozonised air by means of an electrical discharge
through oxygen or air whilst dilated or rarefied on its passage through an
apparatus having an outlet about twenty-five times the diameter of the inlet,
substantially as described.
3. In the production of ozone or ozonised air from oxygen or air by electrical
discharge, the dilation or rarefaction of the gas on its passage through tubes or
continuous tortuous channels of widening dimensions and the sides of which
tubes or channels form the surfaces between which the electrical discharge takes
place, substantially as described.
4. An apparatus for the production of ozone or ozonised air consisting of a
series of concentric tubes of suitable metal arranged to form a continuous tortuous
channel of widening dimensions through which the gas flows, the outer sides
being glazed or covered with other insulating material and the first, third,
fifth, etc. tubes being connected with one pole and the second, fourth, etc., tubes
which are carefully isolated from the intervening tubes, with the other pole,
substantially as described.
Dat his th 1
T
1000
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.