mprovements in Apparatus or Means for Burning Liquid or Liqueflable Hydrocarbons for Heating Furnaces or the like.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 24th May, 1892
'Complete Specification Left, 6th Feb., 1893-Accepted, 11th Mar., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
mprovements in Apparatus or Means for Burning Liquid or
Liqueflable Hydrocarbons for Heating Furnaces or the like..
We, PERCY ST. CLAIR MATTHEY Metallurgical Chemist and HENRY ANDREW
KENT, Mechanician both of 78 Hatton Garden, in the City of London do hereby
declare the nature of our invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to provide means whereby liquid, or liquifiable
hydrocarbons can be burned with facility and economy the desired or necessary air,
steam oxygen, hydrogen, or other additional gases or vapours being supplied so
that the relative proportions. of these gases or vapours and of the hydrocarbon can
be varied very readily as required, the air, steam, or the like, being heated by the
heat of the furnace itself, and the said air steam, or the like, when so heated, being
the means of heating the hydrocarbon constituting the fuel. According to our
invention we provide, in convenient position relatively to the furnace in which the
liquid fuel is to be burned, a tank for receiving a regulated supply of the said fuel.
(We will refer to it as the "hydrocarbon.") The hydrocarbon is passed into this
tank from any suitable source of supply, preferably by means of a ball cock so as
to maintain a constant supply of the said hydrocarbon to the said tank. Beneath,
or in proximity to, this tank are pipes, or passages, through which the air, steam,
or other gases, or, vapours, (we will refer to these generally as "air") are
passed after they have been heated by passing in proximity to the furnace so that
the hydrocarbon in the tank is heated thereby. The hydrocarbon and the air then
pass to the burner, or burners, which are situated in front of an opening or
openings, leading into the furnace. The burner (or each burner) consists of an
arrangement somewhat like an ejector there being concentric tubes and nozzles
from which the hydrocarbon and air respectively issue and are consumed as they
meet and mix and issue from the nozzles. The air may be forced through the
passages, or pipes, to the burner by means of a pump. If steam be used it will of
course pass by its own pressure. The hydrocarbon (consisting generally of heavy
hydrocarbon oils which are frequently contaminated with impurities) should be
filtered before it passes to the burner or burners. For this purpose the tank may
be provided with gauze through which the hydrocarbon passes before it leaves the
tank, the said gauze is preferably arranged so that it can be conveniently with-
drawn for cleaning. To regulate as required and open and close the outlets from
the nozzles without the use of taps, we pass a rod, or pin, through a stuffing box,
so that it can be moved further from or nearer to the outlet of the nozzle to close
or restrict it, and the concentric outlet nozzle may be arranged so that it can be
slidden further from, or nearer to the other nozzle to restrict, or open the con-
centric nozzle or to completely close it by causing its turned in end to bear against
a projection around the end of the central nozzle.
Dated this 24th day of May 1892
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents..

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus or,Means for Burning Liquid or
Liqueflable Hydrocarbons for Heating Furnaces or the like.
We PERCY ST. CLAIR MATTHEY, Metallurgical Chemist and HENRY ANDREW
KENT, Mechanician, both of 78 Hatton Garden in the City of London do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The object of this invention is to provide means whereby liquid, semi-liquid or
liquifiable hydrocarbons can be burned with facility and economy, the desired or
necessary additional air, steam, oxygen, hydrogen, or other gases or vapours, being
supplied, so that the relative proportions of these gases or vapours, and of the
hydrocarbon fuel employed, can be varied very readily as required, the said gases
or vapours being heated by the heat of the furnace itself, and when so heated,
being the means of heating the hydrocarbon fuel. According to our invention we
provide, in a convenient position relatively to the furnace in which the liquid fuel
is to be burned, a tank for receiving a regulated supply of the said fuel (we will
refer to the said fuel as the "hydrocarbon"). The hydrocarbon is passed into
this tank from any suitable source of supply, preferably by means of a ball-cock so
as to maintain a constant pressure and supply of the said hydrocarbon to the said
tank. Beneath, inside, or in proximity to, this tank are pipes or passages through
which the air, gases, or vapours, such as superheated steam for instance, (we will
refer to these generally as "air,") are passed after they have been heated by
passing in proximity to the furnace so that the hydrocarbon in the tank is heated
thereby. The hydrocarbon and the air then pass to the burner, or burners, which
are situated in front of an opening, or openings leading into the furnace. The
burner (or each burner) consists of an arrangement somewhat like an ejector there
being concentric tubes and nozzles from which the hydrocarbon and air respectively
issue and are consumed after they meet and mix and issue from the nozzles into the
furnace. The air may be forced through the passages, or pipes, to the burner by
means of a pump. If steam be used it will of course pass by its own pressure. The
hydrocarbon, (consisting generally of heavy hydrocarbon oils which are frequently
contaminated with impurities,) should be filtered before it passes to the burner or
burners. For this purpose the tank may be provided with gauze through which
the hydrocarbon passes before it leaves the tank; the said gauze is preferably
arranged so that it can be conveniently withdrawn for cleaning. To regulate, as
required, and open, and close, the outlets from the nozzles, without the use of taps,
we pass a rod, or pin, through a stuffing box, so that it can be moved further from,
or nearer to, the outlet of the nozzle, to close, or restrict it, and the concentric
outlet nozzle may be arranged so that it can be slidden further from, or nearer
to, the other nozzle to restrict, or open, the concentric nozzle, or to completely
close it, by causing its turned-in end to bear against a projection around the end of
the central nozzle.
And in order that our said invention may be fully understood we will now
proceed more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to
the annexed drawing the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts
in both the figures.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a portion of a metallurgical furnace showing
this invention applied thereto and Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of the burner
or one of the burners (drawn to a larger scale) by which the fuel is injected into
the furnace. A is a tank or vessel supplied with liquid hydrocarbon from any
suitable source by the pipe B fitted with a float or ball valve C to automatically
govern the admission of hydrocarbon to and maintain a constant pressure thereof
in the said tank. The tank A contains an inner lining D or is provided with a

page_text: double side and bottom there being a space between the tank and the lining or
between the double side and double bottom as shewn at E Figure 1. The inner
lining or sides D has a hole or have holes therein covered with wire gauze d or
other suitable filtering medium (or the lining may be made of wire gauze or the
like) through which the hydrocarbon must pass before it leaves the tank, any gritty
or foreign matters contained in the hydrocarbon being arrested by the said lining
or filtering medium.
The lining or side containing the filtering medium may be provided with handles
as shewn at c by which it may be readily removed from the tank for the purpose
of cleaning when required. The space E is in communication by a pipe or
passage F with a chamber G situated in the rear end of the burner H and fitted
with a nozzle I extending to the front end of the burner where it is surrounded or
enclosed by a tube or chamber K. Fitted to slide in a stuffing box u in the rear
end of the burner is a rod L by means of which the passage for the hydrocarbon
through the nozzle I may be regulated as required. Communicating with the tube or
chamber K in the burner is a pipe M connected to one end of a coil of piping N
arranged between the bottom of the tank A. and the inner lining D the opposite
end of the said coil being in communication with or arranged in suitable flue or
chamber such as e into which flue or chamber, or into the pipe N, air gas or vapour
may be admitted or forced by any suitable means, and it will be heated by the
furnace so that heated air gas or vapour will pass through the coil N to the burner
and in its passage it will heat the hydrocarbon contained in the tank A. The tube
or chamber K is fitted with an adjustable nozzle or nose piece O having an
opening 6 in its end and it is operated by means of a screwed rod P mounted in
lugs, R, on the exterior of the burner, the screwed end of this rod working in a
thread formed in a lug or projection S on the nozzle O so that by turning the
rod P the opening b in the nozzle may be moved nearer to, or further from, a
projection T on the nozzle I and thereby regulate or cut off as required the passage
for the air gas or vapour from the chamber K.
The
By means of the adjustable rod L and nose piece or nozzle 0 the required
relative proportions of hydrocarbon and air gas or vapour passing through the
nozzles I and O to insure perfect combustion can be readily obtained.
burner H is situated opposite the mouth or entrance to the furnace with the forward
end projecting thereinto (as shewn in Figure 1) where the combustion of the
inflammable mixture issuing from the burner takes place the feeding of the fuel
continuing automatically without further attention until stopped by closing the
passages through the nozzles as hereinbefore described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is:
1. In apparatus for burning liquid fuel consisting of a mixture of liquid or
liquifiable hydrocarbon, and air, gas, steam or other suitable vapour, means, whereby
the air gas or vapour is heated by the furnace before combining with the hydro-
carbon and the hydrocarbon is heated by the hot air gas or vapour before combining
therewith substantially as herein before described.
2. In apparatus for burning liquid fuel in furnaces or the like a burner consisting
of concentric nozzles or passages for liquid hydrocarbon and for air gas or vapour
respectively and means for regulating the passage of the said hydrocarbon and air
gas or vapour through the nozzles so as to ensure the proper relative proportions
thereof to obtain perfect combustion substantially as hereinbefore described.
3. In apparatus for burning liquid fuel in furnaces or the like a tank or vessel
into which liquid hydrocarbon is admitted in regulated quantity and from which it
passes to the burner or burners the said tank being provided with filtering medium
through which the hydrocarbon is caused to pass on its way to the burner or burners
all substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.
4. In apparatus for burning liquid fuel in furnaces or the like a tank or vessel

page_text: into which the liquid hydrocarbon is admitted and in which it is heated by pipes
through which heated air, gas, steam, or other vapour passes which air gas or
vapour afterwards mixes with the hydrocarbon as it issues from the burner for
burners substantially as hereinbefore described.
5. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting apparatus or means
for burning liquid fuel in furnaces or the like substantially as hereinbefore described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
Agents.