IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING TOBACCO IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR THAT PURPOSE
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert James Goodbody, of No. 1, Charlville
Square, Tullamore, King's County, and Richard Edward Donovan,
of Ashgrove House, Upper Rathmines, in the County of Dublin,
Ireland, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING TOBACCO,
Scaled the 20th July 1869, and dated the 1st March 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert James Goodbody
and Richard Edward Donovan at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 1st March 1869.
We, ROBERT JAMES GOODBODY, of No. 1, Charlville Square, Tullamore,
King's County, and RICHARD EDWARD DONOVAN, of Ashgrove House,
Upper Rathmines, in the County of Dublin, Ireland, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING TOBACCO,
AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR THAT PURPOSE," to be as follows:-
Our Invention has for its object an improved mode of effecting the
rapid heating and cooling of roll, twist, Cavendish, or other forms of

page_text: tobacco while subjecting the same to pressure, thereby improving its
appearance and quality. For this purpose we construct metal tubes or
receptacles of a cylindrical, square, or polygonal transverse section, cither
open at both ends or closed at the bottom, one or more of which tubes
we place inside or passing through a closed metal casing or jacket, into
or through which steam, water, or other fluid either hot or cold, as the
case may be, is made to flow. Into these tubes we place the rolls, twists,
cakes, or layers of tobacco, with a metal plate intervening between cach
layer; the layers are pressed down in the tube by a screw or other
suitable contrivance while or before heating or cooling until the requisite
degree of compression is attained, and the top plate is then secured down
so as to maintain the tobacco in the compressed state while subject
to the action of heat from the steam jacket, which heat is imparted
directly to the circumferences of the layers, and by conduction through
the intervening metal plates to both surfaces of the layers. The tubes
may either be fixed in the outer casing or jacket or be made to fit
tightly into apertures formed therein, in which case the steam will act
directly thereon, or they may be separate therefrom, fitting into recesses
of corresponding shape, in which case they may be made in halves longi-
tudinally secured together so as to be capable of opening out for
facilitating the removal of the tobacco. Or the tubes may be made
slightly tapering in either the whole or part of the length for this
purpose. The jacket or casing may be constructed to contain only one
or several of such tubes, and it may conveniently be made cylindrical,
either turning on a central pin so as to bring each tube consecutively
under the action of the screw or other compressing instrument, or the
casing may be fixed and the screw be made to travel round to each tube.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Robert James Goodbody and Richard Edward
Donovan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 31st August 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ROBERT
JAMES GOODBODY, of No. 1, Charlville Square, Tullamore, King's
County, and RICHARD EDWARD DONOVAN, of Ashgrove House, Upper
Rathmines, in the County of Dublin, Ireland, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred. and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did,. for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said. Robert James Goodbody, an Richard
Edward Donovan,, Her special licence that we, the said Robert James
Goodbody and Richard Edward Donovan, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said Robert James Goodbody.
and Richard Edward. Donovan, our executors, administrators, and:
assigns,, should at any time agree with, and no. others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING. TOBACCO,
AND IN, APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR THAT PURPOSE," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Robert James. Goodbody and Richard Edward.
Donovan, our exccutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, or under the hand and
seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Edward Donovan, on
behalf of myself and the said Robert James Goodbody, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being, had to the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings, and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is
to say :-
Our Invention has for its object an improved mode of and apparatus
for effecting the rapid heating or cooling of roll, twist, Cavendish, or
other forms of tabacco while subjecting the same to pressure, thereby
improving its appearance and quality, which apparatus is however more
particularly applicable for treating roll tobacco. For this purpose we
construct metal tubes or receptacles of a cylindrical, square, or polygonal
transverse section, either open at both ends or closed at one end, one-or

page_text: more of which tubes we place inside or passing through a closed metal
casing or jacket, into or through which steam, water, or other fluid,
either hot or cold, as the case may be, is made to flow. Into these tubes
we place the roll, twists, cakes, or layers of tobacco, with a metal plate
intervening between each roll or layer, and press them down in the tube
by a screw or other suitable contrivance while, or before, or after heating
or cooling until the requisite degree of compression is attained, and the
top plate is then secured down so as to maintain the tobacco in the
compressed state while subject to the action of heat from the steam
jacket or while cooling. The requisite heat is imparted directly to the
circumferences of the rolls or layers, and by conduction through the
intervening metal plates to both end surfaces thereof. The tubes may
either be fixed in the outer casing or jacket, or be made to fit tightly
into apertures formed therein, the steam acting directly thereon, or the
tubes may be separate from the jacket or casing, fitting into recesses of
corresponding shape, in which case they may be made in halves longi-
tudinally secured together, so as to be capable of opening out for
facilitating the removal of the tobacco. Or the tubes may be made
slightly tapering in either the whole or part of their length for this
purpose. The jacket or casing may be constructed to contain only one
or several of such tubes, and it may conveniently be made cylindrical,
either turning on a central pin or moving laterally, so as to bring each
tube consecutively under the action of the screw or other compressing
instrument, or the casing may be fixed and the screw be made to travel
to each tube.
Having thus set forth the nature of our Invention, we will now
proceed more particularly to describe the manner of performing the
same, for which purpose we shall refer to the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings.
Figure 1 shews an elevation of one arrangement of our apparatus ;
Figure 2 shows an enlarged vertical section of the same without the
pressing mechanism; Figure 3 shews a transverse section on line X, X,
Figure 2 and Figure 4 shews a plan. Similar letters of reference
indicate similar parts in each of the Figures.
In this arrangement an outer cylinder or jacket A standing on
supports B, and closed in at top and bottom, has six tubes C, C', passing
through it for receiving the roll tobacco to be treated, while a central

page_text: tube D serves to receive the revolving frame E of the pressing mechanism.
These tubes may be made either of cast iron, as at C, or by preference of
wrought iron,-as at C', or of copper or other suitable metal. The outer
casing A may also be of cast iron, copper, or other suitable metal instead
of wrought iron, as shewn. The tubes C, C, D, are open at both ends,
but those C, C', are provided with removable plates F (Figures 2 and 5)
for closing the lower ends, for which purpose they have projections f,
which by turning the plates when placed in position are made to catch
upon the brackets a, a, fixed to the under side of the casing A, as shewn
at Figure 2, and thus hold the plates in position.
In operating with the apparatus after placing the plates F as described,
roll tobacco is introduced into the tubes, as shewn at C', Figure 2, which
tubes are made of a diameter about equal to or slightly larger than the
diameter of the rolls; between each roll K is placed a metal plate L
fitting easily in the tube, which plates serve both to separate the rolls
and to conduct the heat and to improve the appearance of the end
surfaces thereof. The tubes having been filled in this manner, and a
plate L having been placed on top of the uppermost roll, the pressing
apparatus (the frame E of which is capable of turning in bearings at e, e),
is brought over one of the tubes, and the disc or follower G is made to
descend so as to forcibly compress the rolls of tobacco contained in the
tube, the bottom plate F being supported to withstand the pressure by
means of a cam or excentric H on a spindle I, carried by a bracket E¹
on the framing E, which excentric is turned so as to press against the
plate by means of the lever J. Or in place of an excentric a screw or
other convenient contrivance may be employed for effecting such
pressure or support. The follower G is connected to a screw spindle M
carried by brackets N, N', fixed to the framing E, through which
brackets the screw is free to slide up and down, but in which it is
prevented from turning by means of a feather. Upon the screw spindle
is screwed a threaded worm wheel O, by rotating which by means of the
worm P and power increasing gearing Q, Q, (actuated by a winch
handle or by other power) the screw spindle M with its follower G is
made to descend with force into the tube and to compress the tobacco
therein. When sufficient compression has been effected the pressing
apparatus is withdrawn to be employed in the next tube, but the
pressure is maintained upon the tobacco either by means of racks L'

page_text: placed upon the top plate L, the teeth of which are held by the
catches R attached to the top of the casing A, which catches are slid
forward for this purpose, as indicated at Figures 2 and 4. Or rods or
straps may be arranged to be passed through from the bottom plate F to
the top plate L, and to secure these by screw nuts or pins, or otherwise.
Simultaneously with or before, or after, the process of compressing the
tobacco steam or other hot fluid or gas is introduced into the casing A
through the cock S, Figure 1, so as to heat the tubes C, C', which
impart such heat to the side surfaces of the rolls of tobacco, the end
surfaces of which, as before stated, are heated by conduction by the
plates L. After heating the tobacco may in like manner be cooled by
passing cold water into or through the casing, or the rolls may be taken
from this apparatus and cooled in another similar apparatus or otherwise.
The tobacco is removed by releasing the bottom plates F from the
catches a, a, (for which purpose loops f¹ are provided on the plates F,
through which a rod or lever is passed) and forcing the tobacco out
through the lower end of the tube, to facilitate which the tubes are made
of slightly larger diameter at the lower ends than at the upper ends; or
if the rolls of tobacco and plates are small enough they may be drawn up
through the top of the tubes. T is an outlet pipe at the bottom of the
casing for allowing the condensed steam or water to run off; a vacuum
valve may be attached to the casing to prevent collapse by condensation
of the steam.
As before stated various other modifications of this apparatus may be
employed; thus in place of using a screw spindle for the compressing
apparatus a small hydraulic cylinder and plunger may be fixed to the
framing E, either with the force pump attached thereto or worked by a
separate force pump, and in place of effecting the compression from above
it may be arranged to act from below; also instead of arranging the
compressing apparatus to swing round to the different tubes it may be
fixed and the casing A be made to revolve on a central axis or otherwise,
so as to bring the tubes under the compressing apparatus. Or the casing
may be of a rectangular shape instead of cylindrical or polygonal, and be
made to travel laterally underneath the pressing apparatus; or again this
may be made to travel laterally along such casing. Also in place of
arranging one pressing apparatus to act in succession on each of the
tubes there may be provided one pressing apparatus for each tube to be

page_text: made to act either simultaneously or consecutively. In place of being
arranged vertically the casing and tubes may also be placed in a
horizontal or inclined position. Furthermore, instead of placing the
tobacco directly in the tubes C, C', it may be contained in removable
tubes placed inside the casing or inside fixed tubes, and such removable
tubes may be arranged to divide in halves longitudinally. Also in place
of the follower moving down, as described, to compress the tobacco
it may be fixed and the tubes and casing be forced against it for this
purpose.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that we
are aware that arrangements of apparatus for compressing and heating
tobacco were described in the Specification to Welch's Patent, No. 2586
of 1858, and in Legg's Provisional Specification, No. 632 of 1860,
and we therefore do not claim such arrangements; but what we
claim is,
First. Constructing apparatus for pressing, heating, or cooling roll
tobacco wherein the tobacco is contained in one or more tubes of such a
diameter as to be in close contiguity to the entire periphery of each roll
of tobacco, such tube or tubes being contained in a casing, into which
steam, water, or other fluid or gas is made to pass while before or after
the tobacco is subject to compression by screw, hydraulic, or other power,
substantially as herein-before described.
Second. Constructing apparatus for pressing, heating, or cooling
tobacco wherein the tobacco is contained in one or more tubes sur-
rounded by heating or cooling fluids or gases, the pressing apparatus
being separate or removable from such tubes, substantially as described.
Third. Constructing the heating or cooling apparatus with two or
more tubes containing the tobacco to be treated, and causing either such
apparatus to travel beneath or over the pressing apparatus, or causing
the pressing apparatus to travel over or under the heating or cooling
apparatus, so as to act upon the tobacco in each tube in succession,
substantially as described.
Fourth. Securing the tobacco in a compressed condition after the
pressing apparatus has been removed therefrom, substantially as
described.

page_text: Fifth. Placing the tobacco in removable tubes to be placed inside the
tubes of the heating or cooling and pressing apparatus, substantially as
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Edward Donovan, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of August,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
nine.
RICHARD E. DONOVAN. (L.S.)