CERTAIN IM- PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED FOR MANUFACTURING PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Bibby, James Bibby, and John Baron, all
of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, and William Baron, of
Rochdale, in the same County, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED FOR MANUFACTURING
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Bibby, James
Bibby, John Baron, and William Baron at the Office of the Commis-
sioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 24th August 1870.
We, THOMAS BIBBY, JAMES BIBBY, and JOHN BARON, all of Burnley,
in the County of Lancaster, and WILLIAM BARON, of Rochdale, in the
same County, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention for
" CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED FOR
MANUFACTURING PAPER BAGS," to be as follows:-
:-
Our Invention is designed for the purpose of effecting further improve-
ments upon Letters Patent granted to Thomas and James Bibby for
"Certain Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Manufacturing

page_text: Paper Bags," on the 31st day of July, 1866, No. 1965, and consists in the
peculiar arrangement and addition of several arrangements of mechanism
that will materially improve and facilitate the manufacture of paper
bags.
The first part of these present improvements relates to the mechanism
employed in the manufacture of the paper tube, out of which the paper
bags are subsequently formed. The flat continuous length of paper after
becoming folded and pasted into the tubuler form required by the
rollers and guides passes along two longitudinal rods, bars, plates, or
other equivalent that can in conjunction with the folding rollers be
made adjustable to any width of tube required, after, which the tube is
caused to pass along, where it is received in a continuous roll upon a
drum, positively driven by geering in contradistinction to being so
actuated by friction as previously described in the Specification of Patent
before referred to.
Secondly. The improvements relate to an arrangement of mechanism
employed for drawing off sufficient tube from the continuous roll inter-
mittently for one bag. This may be effected by causing an arm supplied
with a transverse roller placed under the paper tube at its delivery end
to rise and fall by means of a crank or other equivalent, that will
withdraw from the continuous roll with every bag manufactured
sufficient for the subsequent formation of such bag, or in lieu of the
rising and falling arm, or in conjunction therewith, an arrangement of
geering may be adapted to actuate passing rollers that will in their
action draw off sufficient paper from the roll that will allow the paper so
drawn and passing between such rollers a freedom from tension, enabling
the mechanism forming the bag to perform its functions without strain
or pull. These rollers may be arranged as a medium for printing the
bags by the arranging of type upon the surface of one roller, and covering
the other with printers' cloth, the inking of type in any color being
effected by the ordinary arrangement, employed for inking type cylinders.
By this novel arrangement paper bags under formation may simul-
taneously have printed matter impressed upon them.
Thirdly. The improvements relate to a novel construction and com-
bination of internal mechanism working inside the box or paper tube
actuated by a tappet bowl or other equivalent outside the box or tube,
and which is employed for effecting with accuracy and precision a perfect
formation to the bottom of the bag.

page_text: The action of this portion of our Invention may be thus described.
The paper tube as it is delivered on to the internal guides or blocks giving
a square or other formation, passes over and covers an internal bowl
connected by a link to a bell crank lever, the opposite arm of such lever
being attached to a rod connected with and actuating a top and bottom
template, which when forced forward are designed to give the truc
angular formation to the top and bottom overlap or cover for the bottom
of the bag, that portion of the guides forming the block for the bottom
portion of the bag and composed of levers are actuated to contract their
distance towards each other by means of a spring, connecting the two.
together, or to expand or extend their distance into a line on the saine
plane as the rest of the guides by means of inclined surface pushers on
either side the top or bottom portion of the blocks, which are caused by
fingers connected to rods worked by an eccentric or other equivalent to
press or force such inclined surfaces by pressure from the outside of
the paper bag.
To make the action of the several parts composing this portion of our
Invention more distinct and readily understood, we will describe the
intermittent travers of the paper tube and its formation into separate
paper bags. The tube passing into the machine entirely surrounds the
block or guides upon which it is formed, and also the internal mechanism
actuating the templets previously described, when on the guides or block
the tube passes underneath two metal rollers driven by geering, and
arranged to press with a metal or ridged surface upon the paper tube
and internal guides. These metal rollers form the medium for driving
the paper tube in lieu of elastic surfaces, as originally used, and are so
actuated that they intermittently and with each action deliver or feed
sufficient tube to form one bag that is to allow enough of overlap beyond
the block guides to form the closing in from the bottom of the guides
for one bag, at which point the paper tube is severed, or the bag
previously made cut off. Immediately this required amount of length.
is delivered the tube is at rest, at which time the lever guides forming
the blocks or surface against which the bottom of the bags are closed in
collapses, or are in their contracted position, the fingers conveying the
paste may be of fibrous material or of metal, and are actuated to supply
a quantity of past to the overlap sufficient for one bag; after which the
outside roller tappet previously referred to lowers and forces the
mechanism actuating the templets inside the bag or box to become
.

page_text: forced out from the bottom of the block in a line with its top and bottom
collapsing and expanding surfaces, simultaneous with which the inclined
wedges are forced by the action of the outside fingers to give a full
distention or squareness to the bag; immediately this takes place, and
whilst the templets are in their extended position, the side folding rollers
are forced in (the action of which and the top folders form a feature of
the previously recited Letters Patent) between the templet, on the with-
drawal of which the templets recede to their former or normal position,
allowing thereby the bottom and top folding rollers to come into action
and complete the closing in and formation of the bottom of the bag,
-which-is-then forced outward by the feed rollers with the next supply,
at which time it is severed from the continuous tube and passed-under-
the callendering rollers, the periphary or surface of which is kept clean
and freed from paste or other extranious matter by means of a scraper,
which is kept in contact therewith by a counterbalance.
Lastly. The internal mechanism of the tube or box actuating the
templets are made of different sizes to suit the various dimentions of
bags manufactured, the mechanism also immediately in contact there-
with giving feed thereto is made adjustable in order that the arrangement
of mechanism subservient to the size of the bag are capable of adjust-
ment, making thereby the whole of such mechanism to work and be in
unison with the bags under manufacture.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Bibby, James Bibby, John Baron, and
William Baron in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 24th February 2
1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wе, THоMAS
BIBBY, JAMES BIBBY, and JOHN BARON, all of Burnley, in the County of
Lancaster, and WILLIAM BARON, of Rochdale, in the said County, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give

page_text: and grant unto us; the said Thomas Bibby, James Bibby, John Baron,
and William Baron, Her special license that we, the said Thomas Bibby,
James Bibby, John Baron, and William. Baron, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Thomas Bibby, James
Bibby, John Baron,, and William Baron, our executors,. administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED. FOR MANUFACTURING Paper Bags,” upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that we, the said Thomas Bibby, James Bibby,
John Baron, and William Baron, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Thomas Bibby, James Bibby, John
Baron, and William Baron, do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following, statement
and accompanying Drawings.
Our Invention. is designed for the purpose of effecting further improve-
ments upon Letters Patent granted to Thomas and James Bibby, on the
Thirty-first day of July, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six,
Number 1965, for "Certain Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus
for Manufacturing Paper Bags."
The improvements embrace various novel arrangements and additions
of mechanism that materially improve and facilitate the manufacture of
paper bags, the first of which relates to the mechanism employed in the
manufacture of the paper tube out of which the paper bags are subse-
quently formed. This portion of our improvements consists; in providing
the platform over which the flat continuous length of paper passes with
guide rods that can, in conjunction with the folding rollers, be made
adjustable to any width of tube required, the paper as it is caused to
traverse along becomes doubled by the folding rollers and pasted, so as
to form a continuous roll, from whence it is received upon a drum

page_text: positively driven by gearing in contradistinction to being so actuated by
friction as previously described in the Specification of Patent before
referred to.
Secondly. The improvements relate to an arrangement of mechanism
employed in connection with the bag-making machine for drawing off
sufficient tube from the continuous roll intermittantly for one bag.
This is effected by a projecting arm supplied with a transverse roller
placed under the paper tube at that portion of the machine where it is
withdrawn from the continuous roll for the purpose of being passed along
and formed into separate bags as hercin-after described. The rise and fall
given to this arm is effected by means of a crank or other equivalent, the
action of which will enable-with each rise sufficient tube to be withdrawn
from the continuous roll for the subsequent formation of one bag, or-in-
licu of the rising and falling arm, or in conjunction therewith, an arrange-
ment of gearing may be adapted to actuate positive rollers that will in
their action draw off sufficient paper from the roll that will allow the
paper so drawn and passing between such rollers a freedom from tension,
enabling the mechanism forming the bag to perform its functions without
strain or pull. These back rollers or rollers in front of the machine
where the finished bags are delivered may be arranged as a medium for
printing the bags, in which case one roller is provided with type
and inking rollers and the other roller is covered with printer's cloth, the
inking of type in any colour being effected by the ordinary arrangement
employed for inking type cylinders. By this novel arrangement paper
bags under formation may simultaneously have printed matter impressed
upon them.
Thirdly. The improvements relate to a novel construction of internal
mechanism working inside the box or paper tube actuated by a tappet
bowl or other equivalent outside the box or tube, and which is employed
for effecting with accuracy and precision a perfect formation to the bottom
of the bag.
The action of this portion of our Invention may be thus described.
The paper tube as it is delivered on to the internal guides or blocks by
means of friction bowls or pulleys gives a square or other formation to
the paper tube, which in its progress passes over and covers an internal
bowl connected by a link to a bell crank lever, the opposite arm of such
lever being attached to a rod connected with and actuating a top and
bottom templet which when forced forward by the action of the before men-

page_text: tioned tappet gives the true angular formation to the top and bottom overlap
or cover for the bottom of the bag; that portion of the mechanism forming
the block for the bottom portion of the bag is composed of levers which
are actuated so as to contract their distance towards each other by means
of a spring connecting the two together, and to expand or extend their
distance into a line on the same plane as the rest of the guides or box by
means of inclined surface pushers situated on either side the top or bottoni
portion of the blocks which are caused by fingers connected to rods
worked by an eccentric or other equivalent to force such inclined surfaces
in by pressure from the outside of the paper bag.
To make the action of the mechanism composing this portion of our
Invention more distinct and readily understood we will describe the
intermittent traverse of the paper tube and its formation into separate
paper bags. The tube passing into the machine entirely surrounds the
block or guides upon which it is formed, and also the internal mechanism
actuating the templets previously described. The continuous paper tube
when on the guides or block passes underneath two metal rollers driven
by gearing which press the tubular paper against the surface of the internal
guides. These metal rollers form the medium for driving the paper tube
in lieu of elastic surface as originally used, and are so actuated that they
intermittently and with each action deliver a feed sufficient tube to form
one bag, that is, to allow enough of overlap beyond the block guides to
form the closing in from the bottom of the guides or block for one bag, at
which point the paper tube is severed, or the bag previously made cut off..
Immediately the required amount of length is delivered the feed rollers
remain stationary, at which time the lower guides forming the blocks or
surface against which the bottom of the bags are closed in collapses.or
assume through the medium of the mechanism herein-before described.
their contracted position, the fingers conveying the paste may be of fibrous
material or of metal, and are at this time actuated to supply a quantity
of paste to the overlap sufficient for one bag, at this instant the outside
roller tappet previously referred to lowers and faces the mechanism
actuating the templets inside the bag or box into their extended or out-
ward position from the bottom of the block and in a line with its top and
bottom collapsing and expanding surfaces, simultaneously with which
the inclined wedges are forced by the action of the outside fingers to give
a full distension or squareness to the bag; immediately this takes place,
and whilst the templets are in their extended position, the side folding
rollers are forced in (the action of which and the top folders form a

page_text: feature of the previously recited Letters Patent) between the templet, on
the withdrawal of which the templets recede to their former or normal
position allowing thereby the bottom and top folding rollers to come into
action and complete the closing in and formation of the bottom of the
bag, which is then forced outward by the feed rollers with the next supply,
at which time it is severed from the continuous tube and passed under
the calendering rollers, the periphery or surface of which is kept clean
and freed from paste or other extraneous matter by means of a scraper
which is kept in contact therewith by a counterbalance.
Lastly. The internal mechanism of the tube or box actuating the
-templets.are made of different sizes to suit the various dimensions of bags
manufactured, the mechanism also immediately_in_contact therewith
giving feed thereto is made adjustable in order that the arrangement of
mechanism subservient to the size of the bag are capable of adjustment,
making thereby the whole of such mechanism to work and be in unison
with the bags under manufacture.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained
in detail, we have hereunto attached two Sheets of Drawings made upon
a scale of about one inch and a half to the foot,, similar letters of reference
being marked upon corresponding parts on all the Figures alike.
Sheet 1, Figure 1, represents a longitudinal elevation of the apparatus
employed for making continuous paper tube out of which the paper bags
are subsequently constructed; Figure 2 represents a plan view of the
same, and Figure 3 a transverse section taken through the line A., B.
This being the first part of the Invention preparatory to the formation
of separate paper bags. We will proceed to describe it before entering
upon the description of the more important apparatus employed in the
manufacture of paper bags. In the Figures 1, 2, and 3, a, a, is the
framing of the machine; b, the continuous roll of paper supported at
one end of the machine; this paper in its traverse as it is drawn over the
platform c through the medium of the receiving reel or drum d driven
by the positive gearing e, e, is caused first to pass over the rollers ƒ, f¹;
at one end of the axis of the roller f¹an adjustable circular disc g is
attached, the lower portion of which is immersed in paste contained in
the trough h. One edge of the paper passing over this grooved disc
receives a continuous supply of paste, from whence it passes under the
adjustable pulleys i, i, the pressure of which gives the paper its first
formation in the direction of folding, from these pulleys it passes onwards

page_text: under two adjustable rails or rods k, k, which slightly increase their
distance at their opposite extremities, such distance in all cases corre-
sponding to the width of tube under manufacture. The paper in its
partly folded state embracing the rods k, k, on leaving the pulleys i, i,
is received by the guides 1, 1, which complete the folding of the paper in
a manner that causes its inner pasted edge to overlap and cover its
opposite outer edge, the two becoming pressed together so as to adhere
when passing under the projecting presser blade m, from this point the
paper passes in a tubular form through the second guides n, n, after
which it is received by the reel or drum d in one continuous tube, which
when filled is ready for transferring to the machine for manufacturing it
into separate paper bags.
This paper bag-making machine being the second and principal portion
of our Invention we will proceed now to describe with the assistance of
Drawings and diagrams illustrated in Sheet 2. On this Sheet Figure 1
represents a longitudinal section of the machine employed for manu-
facturing paper bags out of the continuous paper tube. In this view is
principally seen the general arrangement of apparatus employed for
giving an intermittent traverse to the tube together with the internal
mechanism contained in the box or block upon which the bags are
formed, also the rollers and pasters for folding and forming the bottom
portion of the bag, and finally the printing rollers that receive the
finished bag from the calendering rollers and impress or print thereupon
any devices or subject-matter desired. Figure 2 represents a general
clevation of the machine shewing more particularly the apparatus
actuating the pasting brushes, side closing rollers, the arm withdrawing
the paper tube from the continuous roll, and the arrangement of gearing
giving motion to the machine generally. Figure 3 represents a reverse
clevation of that portion of the driving apparatus giving the intermittent
feed or traverse to the paper tube sufficient for one bag.
Figure 4 represents a transverse section of Figure 1 taken through the
line A, A, and in which is shewn more particularly the cams for actuating
the side folders together with the pasting and shearing apparatus. Figure 5
represents a transverse section of Figure 1 taken through the line B, B,
shewing more particularly the apparatus actuating the fingers giving a
contracting or expanding motion to the bottom portion of the box or
block upon which the bottom of the bag is closed in. Figure 6 represents
a general plan view of the machine. In this view, and also in Figure 2,

page_text: the box or block is entirely enclosed by the paper tube, which is shewn
in the position it assumes when a length of tube has been fed ready for
the formation of another bag, the tube thus fed being sufficient for the
completed bag and when severed overlap necessary for the closing in of
the next bag. Figure 7 represents a longitudinal section in elevation of
the box or block shewing the internal arrangement of mechanism
actuating the V shaped templets, the front moveable end of the box
against which the bottom of the bag is formed being shewn in its
expanded position. In this view is also shewn the rollers on which the
tube is caused to traverse when being fed. Figure 8 represents a detached
side view of the front end of the box contracted. Figures 9 and 10
represent-respectively the end views of Figures 7 and 8. Figure 11 repre-
sents a plan view of the general arrangement of mechanism-comprising
the box or block together with the fingers actuating the mechanism
giving the contraction and expansion to the front end of the box, the
dotted portion thereof shewing the position the wedges and fingers assume
when the box is in its contracted state. Figures 12, 13, 14 and 15,
respectively represent diagrams illustrating the various positions the
closing in rollers or holders assume with respect to the paper tube when
closing in the bottom of the bag. Figure 16 represents the bottom of
the bag when folded. Figure 17 represents the two positions of the V
templet, and Figure 18 represents a view of the bag when completed and
delivered from the machine. In order that the operation of the machine
may be clearly understood we will go through the complete process of
formation of one bag, assuming for this purpose that the machine with
its various movements are in the position shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3,
that is, at the time of severing a bag of given length from the tube. At
this time the shears a, a, (seen more clearly in Figures 1 and 4) actuated
by the cam a through the medium of the levers a² and slide a³ come into
action, and in their process of severing contract the surfaces of the tube,
as seen in Figure 4, whilst in this position the pasters b, b, actuated by
the cam b', levers and counccting rods 6º, are raised from their paste
troughs 63, so as to come into contact with portions of the overlap of the
paper tube that subsequently form the surfaces of adhesion when closed
in. During this operation the box or block upon and against which the
bag is formed together with its internal and external mechanism employed
in the bag's formation may be thus described. Whilst the overlap end
of the tube is being severed and pastedas before described the block end
of the box constructed of moveable bent surface plates c, c, are in their

page_text: contracted position so as to allow of the free delivery of the tube when
being sheared from the continuous length, and also for the action of the
pasters on the overlap. This contraction and expansion of the surface
block end of the box, the expansion of which into its full square or rect-
angular shape takes place immediately the pasting operation is complete,
is effected by the lever wedges c¹, c', which when causing the surface
block ends to expand are forced in between the center cud plates thereof
as seen in Figures 9 and 10, the in-and-out motion of which is transmitted
thereto by the came through the medium of the vertical swivel rods
,, and levers c*; the expansion of these surface plates give a full
square formation to the paper tube, in which state its overlap is now
prepared to be acted on so as to form the bottom of the bag; immediately
the movable block surface plate c, c, are fully distended tlie cam d
through the medium of the lever d¹ and sliding bars & brings the bowl
d outside the paper tube into contact with the internal bowls d'; these
bowls when acted upon so as to become depressed as described actuate
an arrangement of mechanism (seen more clearly in Figures 7 and 11)
that force out by means of the bell crank lever d³ and rods do the two V
templets d', d', from the top and bottom surface plates of the box, as seen.
in Figure 11, the extent of their movement outwards being equal to the
overlap of the paper bag. During the time the V templets remain in this
extended position the right hand side folding rollers e, e, are caused to
advance as seen in Figure 13, so as to fold in the right side of the
overlap, and when receding the left hand side folding rollers f;f, are
likewise caused to go through the same process and fold in the left side
of the overlap, the advance and retiring action of which are obtained by
the cams e¹ and f' through the medium of the levers e², f², and the con-
necting sliding bars c³ and f³. So soon as the two sides are folded in and
whilst the folding rollers are being fully withdrawn by the action of their
respective mechanism, herein-before described, the V templets by the
continued action of their acting medium are withdrawn 50 as to leave
the surface at the end of the box clear and the top and bottom V shaped
ends of paper standing out in the positions left by the templets, the
under folding rollers g, g, at this time acted upon by the cam levers and
slides g, g, now come into operation and fold in the bottom V shaped
overlap of the bag containing the paste as seen in Figure 14, the rolling
action of which at the same time distributes the paste over such V surface.
When this process is completed, and as the folding rollers g, g, are receding,
the top folding rollers h, h, are caused to advance through the medium

page_text: pasted surface as seen in Figure 15, the action of which completes the
folding formation of the bottom of the bag. The moveable surface plates
c, c, of the bottom of the block or box during the foregoing operations
are maintained in their extended position, vide Figure 9, by reason of
the wedges c', c¹, being fully inserted between them, but immediately
the folding in is completed, as described, the mechanism actuating the
wedges release the same and allow the springs & to contract the moveable
surface plates as seen in Figure 8, allowing thereby a freedom of action
to the mechanism subsequently employed for completing and finally
delivering the bag from the machine.
During the foregoing operation the driving-shaft-me-transmits motion.
through the pinion k, carrier L, and connecting rod j to the arm n, which
regularly withdraws in its vibration sufficient tube from the supply reel o
which will allow a motion free from strain to the tube feeding apparatus,
the action of which now takes place and which will more readily be
understood on reference to Figures 2, 3, and ǎ.
As before stated immediately the moveable surface plates of the box or
block assume their contracted position the tube must be delivered and
severed at a point equal to the length of one bag, this is accomplished as
follows: The bowl p on the rim disc q keyed to the driving shaft m as it
revolves comes into contact with one of the four arms of the star wheel 1
secured to the wheel r¹ revolving on the studs, the action of which moves
such star wheel one quarter of a revolution, which being transmitted
through the pinion and shaft t¹ to the mitre gearing and vertical shafts
t, t, gives motion to the feed pullies u, or it will be evident that in lieu of
the star wheel cams or other equivalent giving an intermittent motion
may be employed with a similar result, the motion thus given causes the
feed pullies to revolve and deliver from the end of the box intermittently
a length of tube sufficient for the depth of one bag, and overlap for the
subsequent formation of the bottom portion of the next bag; simul-
taneously with the severing of the bag from the tube the platform or
table upon which it is delivered is raised into an inclined position by
means of the tappet u and lever v, the tucker or bent creasing lever w
also comes into action at this time and tacks in or creases the bag so as
to cause its folded bottom portion to fall back and lay in a position on a
level with the remaining portion of the bag, this tacking action also
impels the severed bag forward between the callendering rollers a, a,

page_text: the revolving of these rollers is obtained through the medium of the
shaft y and bevil gearing s. The bag when passing between these rollers
becomes pressed ready for packing, but before leaving the machine it is
received by the printing rollers s¹, s², which are caused to revolve in
unison with the callendering rollers, the roller &¹ is supplied with type
or other equivalent representing subject-matter, and the bottom roller s³
with printers' cloth, the position of the type upon the printing roller or
cylinder allows the thick or folded portion of the bag to get through first,
after which its type previously inked by the rollers & from the ink trough
sprints or impresses upon the flat front surface of the bag any subject-
matter desired, at the same time delivering the complete bag from the
machine.
The diagram 18 shews a detail arrangement of mechanism employed
for starting and stopping the machine. The handle 1 keyed on the longi-
tudinal shaft 2 in connection with the strap fork 3 supplied with a
notched disc which when in its elevated position, as shewn in dots, is
caught by a projecting tooth in the lever 4 which retains the lever in its
elevated position, but when it is desired to stop the machine the lever 4
is raised so as to relieve the handle 1, which then falling by its own
weight stops the machine.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, together with the
method we employ for carrying the same into practical effect, we wish it
to be distinctly understood in conclusion that we do not wish to confine
ourselves to the precise details herein-before described, so long as the
general features and principle of the several actions composing the
machine as a whole are retained, but what we more particularly desire
it to be understood that we claim is,-
First. The adjustable guide bars and positive driving bars shewn in
Sheet 1 employed in the manufacture of continuous paper tube preparatory
to the formation of such tubing into paper bags.
Secondly. We claim the various improvements and addition of
mechanism for manufacturing paper bags as embodied in this Specifi-
cation and not provided for in the previously recited Specification of
Patent granted to Thomas and James Bibby, the particulars of such
additions consisting of the novel and peculiar adaptation thereto of the
following motions, namely,-
First. The vibrating arm withdrawing the paper from the "reel."

page_text: Secondly. The improved motion giving the intermittent feed to the
paper tube sufficient for one bag through the medium of revolving
metallic pressure pulleys against the tube.
Thirdly. The internal mechanism of the block or box actuated by the
external tappet.
Fourthly. The employment and arrangement of separate motions for
pasting and folding in the bottom of the bag.
And, lastly. The employment of mechanism actuating rollers or
blocks for printing the finished bag as delivered from the machine,
together with the general arrangement and construction of the various
parts-composing-these_improvements, or any slight modification thercof,
as herein-before described, set forth, and fully illustrated in the Drawings
attached.
In witness whereof we, the said Thomas Bibby, James Bibby,'
John Baron, and William Baron, have hereunto sct our hands 1
and seals, this Twenty-third day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
THOMAS BIBBY.
(L.S.)