Improvements in and Connected with the Manufacture and Sections of Ingot Moulds, and in the Method of Using and Treating such Moulds when in Use.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Nov., 1886.
Complete Left, 7th June, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 8th July, 1887.
Improvements in and Connected with the Manufacture and Sections
of Ingot Moulds, and in the Method of Using and Treating such
Moulds when in Use.
I DAVID PERFITT GRIFFITHS MATTHEWS of Laburnum House Cardiff Road
Newport Monmouthshire Brass Founder and Engineer do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
Improvements in and connected with the manufacture of ingot moulds together
with improvements in the treatment when in operation of all ingot moulds at present
in use and apparatus for enclosing the same to the necessary height. And it has for
its object the production of metals or materials and sections of the same more suitable
for the purpose of casting steel ingots than at present adopted and in service.
My invention first consists of the use of existing moulds adding one or more
wrought iron bands shrunk on, or may be used without the bands, on end upon a
hollow rectangular or any other shape base piece of suitable dimensions and to contain
a flowing supply of water and upon which I also place end-ways and surrounding the
mould parallel with the mould or parallel in itsself a double or single casing of
suitable dimensions and section with space between for receiving a supply of water
from the basement construction or tank or elsewhere and to enter the same at the
bottom end and discharge at the top end or at any other point, the inner plate (if the
double casing be used) of the inside of the said casing or jacket to have the necessary
number of holes to allow the water to shower itself on the outer surface of the mould
for the purpose of keeping the mould cool, and water to enter such casing or jacket
directly a metal crust is formed in the bottom by the molten metal after entering the
mould and continuing to flow in at about the same rate as the metal fills the mould
and the flow continues to pass through until the ingot is cold enough to be of no
injury to the mould, the water connection to be performed by any flexible, or metal,
tube or tubes and stop cocks or valves. The bearing end of all jacketed moulds to
have India rubber, or any other material, seatings or cushions and under each casing
to form a water tight joint, or the same may be used without a cushion and the top
•

page_text: end of the jacket to have a cover in the solid of the jacket or detached, to prevent any
of the spilled metal entering the water space between the outside mould surface and
the inner side of the jacket. The water space at the bottom end may be larger or
equal to that of the top, altogether, to correspond to the proportion of metal in the
mould throughout its length.
Another modification of my invention consists of any suitable shape mould made of
wrought iron plates constructed in the most suitable manner, rivetted, bolted, or
welded and to have a suitable water space and connected as above described to
the base piece or water chamber, or supplied with water by any other means, and the
requisite quantity of water constantly, or optionally, during operations, entering the
same at the base and discharging at the top end and this enclosure to be fitted from
end to end with the requisite number of stays. Another feature of my invention
consists of the same section as the above, but made of malleable cast iron or steel or
any other metal. Another modification of my invention will consist of a mould in
any suitable shape but the frame to be made of solid malleable-cast-iron or steel
(when made of malleable-cast-iron to obtain the best results in producing this metal,
the iron shall consist of the most suitable brand and melted in an air furnace and
partially puddled therein for the purpose of assisting the tempering process which
shall be performed in the usual way) outer surface plain with bands shrunk on, or
constructed with vertical, or horizontal or angular or chequered ribs in the solid of
the body or in part or any other suitable section and enclosed in a single or double
jacket or casing containing water and the whole placed on and connected to the base
plate or water chamber, or by any other means of supply, as before described, and the
whole surface of the moulds subjected to a shower, or filling, bath of water.
Dated this Twentieth day of November 1886.

page_text: I, DAVID PERFITT GRIFFITHS MATTHEWS, of Laburnum House, Cardiff Road,
Newport, in the county of Monmouth, Brass Founder and Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My improvements consist of moulds in various sections and constructed for con-
taining water inwardly within a space surrounding the mould and in some cases
outwardly in the solid section form by adding a single or double jacket containing
water and surrounding the mould or moulds as at present in use and in some cases
make the mould or moulds in two or more parts in the solid section form without the
use or application of water and the said parts are secured or held together by cramps,
pins and cotters or by any other suitable means; this form of mould can also be
constructed for containing water as above described or they may have tube water
courses and be lined inside with wrought iron or any other suitable lining may be used or
they can be worked without a lining and be constructed as shewn in the accompanying
drawing by reference to which I will proceed to describe the means and sections
employed by me.
Figures 1 and 2 shew one modification or arrangement of my improvements
applicable for the casting of steel or other metal ingots. Figure 1 shews a cast iron
taper mould balf in elevation and half in section as at present in use, with my base
piece and water fittings and connections applied thereto, made of any suitable metal
or material.
A, is the ingot or metal chamber. B, is the mould as at present in use or jacket
of the ingot. is the water space surrounding the mould. D, is the outside plate
or water jacket forming the water chamber. E, is one of a number of bands shrunk
on. F, is one of two or more links as at present used for the purpose of handling
the moulds. G, is the water outlet pipe one or more of which may be used; H, is
the water inlet pipe of the base piece. I, is the union of the water feed. J, is the
stop cock (or a suitable valve may be used). K, is a flexible water supply pipe made
of india-rubber or other suitable material. L, is the shield for protecting the water
fittings from injury by metal which might accidentally fall from the ladle or its
outlet in the operation of casting, the said shield being hinged to the floor plate as
shewn. M, is the main water supply pipe to which any number of moulds may be
connected in the manner shewn or by other suitable means. N, is the main stop

page_text: cock as shewn in figure 1 at G and H, constantly full of water while in operation by
larger inlet and smaller outlet. O, is the base piece made in one piece or it may be
made in parts. P, is the water space, or tube water courses may be employed. Q, is
a base piece stay one or more of which may be used. R, is one of three or four
guides fitted to or made with the solid of the base piece. S, is the drain pipe for
receiving the outlet water from the base piece and from the mould. T is an outlet
pipe from the mould one or more of which pipes may be used. U, U, are the two
wrought iron bands shrunk on for coupling the water jacket to the mould.
Figure 2, is a horizontal section shewing the water space and jacket of the mould.
Figure 3 represents a taper mould and base piece half in elevation and half in
section embodying my improvements and made of wrought iron, cast steel, malleable
cast iron or other suitable metals and in connection with which I employ fittings
similar to those illustrated in figure 1 or other suitable fittings for conveying the
water to the water jacket and base piece. A, is the ingot or metal chamber. B, is the
mould or jacket of the ingot. C, is the water space surrounding the mould. D, is
the outer plate or water jacket forming the water chamber; E, E, are strengthening
bands through which pass the stay bolts V. F, is one of two or more hinged links
for the purpose of handling the mould. O, is the base piece upon which the mould
is placed the base piece being kept constantly full of water by means similar to those
before described. P, is the water space. Q, is a base piece stay, any suitable
number of which can be provided. R, is one of three guide pieces bolted or riveted
to the sides of the base piece. Figure 4 is a horizontal section shewing the water
space and water jacket of the mould and also the guides R.
Figure 5 represents a parallel mould and base piece half in elevation and half in
section embodying my improvements and made of any suitable metal; the mould and
water chamber are shewn constructed in two parts (but the same may if required be
made in four parts) held together by bolts, pins and cotters or by other suitable
means; the mould can be worked with or without water, that is to say, the tube
water courses or the outer chambers can be employed when necessary or they may
be dispensed with. A, is the ingot or metal chamber. B, is the mould or jacket of
the ingot. C, C, are the water spaces or water chambers one to each part. D, is the
outer plate or water jacket forming the water chamber. F, is one of two or more
handling links. O, is the base piece as before described. P, is the water space. Q, is
the base piece stay. T, is the water chamber outlet pipe. W, W, are the coupling
pins. X, X, are the rivets or pins for securing the water jacket plates, the necessary
water fittings as before described being employed if required.
Figure 6, is a horizontal section shewing the two parts of the mould and one
method of coupling them together with the water space and jacket on each part.
Figure 7, is an ordinary taper mould half in elevation and half in section with my
improvements applied thereto and made of any suitable metal cased or bushed inside
with wrought iron or other suitable metal or it can be worked without such casing
and have all necessary water fittings the tube or wrought iron pipe water courses
being shewn arranged throughout the mould and its base piece in a spiral form.
A, is the ingot or metal chamber. B, is the mould or jacket of the ingot.
Y, are the wrought iron pipe water courses in a spiral form throughout the mould.
E, E, are strengthening bands shrunk on. F, F, are two links for the purpose of
handling the mould. G, is the water outlet pipe, H, is the water inlet pipe, I, is the
union of the water feed. K, is the water supply pipe. L, is the shield for protecting
the fittings. M, is the main water supply pipe. N, is the stop cock. O, is the base
piece having tube water courses laid in it in the most suitable form to produce the
best effect in protecting or preserving the same. Z, Z, Z, are the tubes. S, is the
drain pipe.
In the working of these improved moulds I propose to use a locomotive or portable
blast furnace having a chamber or chambers therein into which I place the ingots
directly after the ingot casting process the ingots being conveyed therein to the mills
for the rolling process direct; the marvellous effect produced by the action of the

page_text: water surrounding the mould upon the molten steel in forming a crust surrounding
the ingot enables the operatives to handle the ingot while the metal within this crust
is in a fluid state the heat from the metal radiating through the crust the whole
thereby becoming of one uniform degree of heat; to maintain this I use the said portable
or locomotive blast furnace dispensing with the costly process of reheating the ingots
in special furnaces as at present practiced.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. I do not claim generally the making and invention of steel or other metal
ingot moulds but I do claim the attachments and hollow base pieces together with
the application of water in a sprinkling form or surrounding by any means the
existing moulds substantially as herein before described and illustrated in the accom-
panying drawing.
2. The section construction in wrought iron or other suitable metal in the solid
or otherwise at each end of the mould with a suitable water space surrounding it
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
3. The construction in wrought iron, cast iron or other suitable metal in the solid
or otherwise at each end of the mould and consisting of two or more parts the said
parts being held together by any convenient means and having a suitable water space
to each or in each part, the mould being of parallel shape or otherwise and used with
or without the application of water substantially, as hereinbefore described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
4. The construction of moulds in any suitable metal and required shape to suit
the ingot to be cast with tube water courses from end to end and surrounding the
ingot or its jacket lined or not lined with wrought iron or other suitable material,
base pieces, being provided of any suitable metal and having tube water courses
substantially as herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Dated the 7th day of June 1887.