IMPROVED APPARATUS TO BE USED IN PLACE OF FOG SIGNALS UPON RAILWAYS
Year: 1884

page_text: I CHRISTOPHER BAILEY of 485 Oldham Road Newton Heath in the County of
Lancaster Railway Police Inspector do hereby declare the nature of my Invention
for IMPROVED APPARATUS TO BE USED IN PLACE OF FOG SIGNALS UPON
RAILWAYS to be as follows:-
I insert a steam pipe in any convenient part of the boiler of the locomotive
engine (or into another steam pipe in connection therewith) at the other end of
which steam pipe is a whistle, and some distance from the end a stop tap with a
handle say four or five inches long.
The pipe being brought along and fixed on the side of the engine to the
footplate. By means of a mechanical arrangement consisting of a crank or
inclined plane fixed on the ground or to the sleeper outside the rail, the handle
of the stop tap is turned and the whistle blown, and continued blowing, whenever
the engine passes a certain point and the signal in advance is against the driver.
A weighted bell-crank lever is connected by a wire to the signal lever in such &
way that so long as the signal stands at "danger" the crank or inclined plane
above named stands up so as to be in the way of the lever which works the handle
of the whistle on the locomotive engine.
The whistle will continue to sound until the stop tap is closed by the driver.
When the signal is set to the "all clear" position the weighted lever lowers the
crank or inclined plane so as to be out of the way.
I sometimes make the mechanical arrangement above named in a portable form
so that in the event of its being required at any distant part (such as when the
line is being repaired for instance) the plate layers or others can fix the apparatus
temporarily to the permanent way, a hundred yards or more in advance, instead of
employing fog signals as usual.
1884
Dated the 1st day of January 1884
GEORGE DAVIES,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: I, CHRISTOPHER BAILEY of 485 Oldham Road Newton Heath in the County of
Lancaster, Railway Police Inspector, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention
for "IMPROVED APPARATUS TO BE USED IN PLACE OF FOG SIGNALS UPON
RAILWAYS" and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
A. Fig 1 & 2 is a small copper, or other pipe fixed in any convenient part of the
boiler of the locomotive engine, on each side, brought down to the outer edge of
the footplate, carried on to the top of the boiler and there joined and at the
junction fixed a steam whistle, " M."
"B" (Fig 1 & 2) is a stop cock, fixed in the beforementioned pipes-to which
a short lever is fixed at each end; to the lever next the boiler being affixed a cord
which is under the control of the driver, the levers "H" being those to which the
cord is attached, the other being for the pendant lever "C." to act upon.
The pendant lever "C" hangs loosely on a pin fixed in the side of the footplate
of the engine, or to an iron plate fixed to the footplate, its normal position is
perpendicular, and it then reaches to within an inch of the top of the rail.
D. (Fig 3 & 4) is an iron bar, cranked, fixed, upon a sleeper or other piece of
wood, and worked in connection with the semaphore, (home or distant) signal, by
the pointsman, and raised or depressed, according as the signal is put on or taken
off, when the signal is on, the crank is raised about 4 inches above the level of the
rail, when it is off, it is brought to a level with the top of the rail.
When the signal is on and an engine is passing, the pendant lever comes in
contact with the crank, and is made to revolve about 45 degrees, as is seen in
Fig. 4 turning in such partial revolution the stop cock, causing the whistle to blow,
and it is kept blowing until the driver by pulling the cord "G" shuts off the
steam, at the same time bringing the stop cock into its original position.
When the engine has passed over the crank and the pendant lever has turned
the stop cock, (the lever) at once falls into its perpendicular position, and to
prevent it being raised too high when passing over the crank, and the engine
is running quickly-a pin "F" is inserted in the side of the footplate-it will
also be seen that the lever of the stop cock cannot be drawn beyond its perpendicular
position when the driver stops the whistle. The crank must be of sufficient breadth
to allow of it being caught by the pendant lever in all cases. I. I. I. (Fig. 1) is the
wire working the semaphore signal, and J. J. is a continuation of the same being
attached to the wire "I. I." at a point, a short distance within the distant
semaphore (which is the one represented) and carried to any distance, as required,
beyond it.
The construction of the semaphore &c. is such, that should the wire break, it would
at once fly to danger, so in the case of the wire J. J. breaking, the crank would
immediately rise to danger,-the lever "E," being weighted, at once falling, and in
pulling the signal off, the bar "K" prevents the crank being drawn down too much
below the level of the rail, as seen in Fig. "6."
Fig. "4" represents the pendant lever just passing over the top of the crank,
having turned the stop cock, and set the whistle blowing.
Fig. 1 represents the engine running tender first, and Fig. 2 vice versa-
L. (Fig. 1) shews how the cord is fixed for the driver when running tender first,
to shut the stop cock, the cord being made to pass over a small pulley fixed to the
footplate of the engine.
Fig. 3 shews a front view of the engine running tender first.

page_text: It will be seen that all the mechanism is simple in arrangement, that on the
ground being outside the rail so that no coupling chain can come in contact with
it, that the crank works simultaneously with the semaphore or, it could be detached
if desirable, and made to be worked by a fogman who, being in view of the distant
signal could raise it or lower it at pleasure, thus obviating the necessity in either
case of using any fog signals at all, and doing away with a noise ever disagreeable,
especially to the timid passenger.
The ground mechanism is not at all liable to become unworkable in a heavy
snowstorm, so that where it was made to work in connection with the semaphore,
if the spectacle of the lamp should be covered with snow at night it would be
an additional safeguard. The pendant lever forms no bar to an engine putting
back after having passed over the crank.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that
what I claim is
1 The fixing of a small copper, or other pipe in the boiler of the locomotive, in .
which pipe there is a stop cock and whistle fixed in the manner described.
2ndly The application of the pendant lever to turn the lever of the stop cock and
then fall to its perpendicular position again.
3rdly The construction and application of the ground mechanism vz. the crank
and its adaptation to work simultaneously with the semaphore, or independent
of it.
Date: AL
100