Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Dec., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 20th Aug., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 21st Sept., 1888
We JOHN SAMUEL WHITE of East Cowes Isle of Wight Ship Builder and GEORGE
EDWARD BELLISS and ALFRED MORCOм both of Ledsam Street Works Birmingham in
the County of Warwick Engineers and Boiler Makers do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:
Our invention has reference to steam generators in which the water to be converted
into steam circulates in vertical coils of tubing the said coils opening at bottom into a
common water chamber and at top into a common water and steam chamber. These
And our said
chambers are also connected by a pipe or pipes of large diameter.
invention consists in making and arranging the said coils substantially in the manner
hereinafter described.
The said tubular coils are usually made of the figure of a compact helix that is a
helix the convolutions of which are near together. In making tubular coils for steam
generators according to our invention we give them the figure of an elongated helix
that is the figure produced by elongating a compact helix so as to make the distance
between two adjacent convolutions equal to two three or more times the diameter of
the tubing. We take two three or more of the said helices of the same or different
diameters and arrange them one within the other the axes of the several helices being by
preference coincident. We connect these compound helices with the lower and upper
chambers of the generator in the ordinary way.
In tubular coils or helices constructed according to our invention the convolutions
are more inclined that is they make a more acute angle with the axis of the helix
than the convolutions of the coils ordinarily employed. There is in consequence a
more efficient circulation of the water. Moreover the two or three helices constituting
each compound helix contain but little more tubing than a compact helix of the same
length but they provide passages for the circulation of the water two three or more
times as great as the passage afforded by a compact helix of like tubing.

page_text: In building up a boiler with the compound vertical helical coils described we prefer
to arrange them in circles and to enclose the whole series in a coil of large diameter
the said large coil constituting a casing of the furnace. But the said compound
helices may be arranged around a square or other shaped furnace instead of a circular
one. And although we prefer to make the boilers in which our compound helices are
employed vertical that is greater in height than in any other dimensions yet our
compound helices may be used in horizontal boilers that is boilers having horizontal
dimensions greater than their vertical dimensions.
Dated this Second day of December 1887.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Generators.
We JOHN SAMUEL WHITE of East Cowes, Isle of Wight, Ship Builder and GEORGE
EDWARD BELLISS and ALFRED MORCOм both of Ledsam Street Works Birmingham
in the County of Warwick Engineers and Boiler Makers do hereby declare the nature
of our Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
Our invention has reference to steam generators in which the water to be converted
into steam circulates in vertical coils of tubing the said coils opening at bottom into a
common water chamber and at top into a common water and steam chamber. These
And our said
chambers are also connected by a pipe or pipes of large diameter.
invention consists in making and arranging the said coils substantially in the manner
hereinafter described.
In making the said tubular coils according to our invention we make them up of
two or more tubes each having the form of a helix the path of each helix being the
same and the several helices are so arranged as to bring the coils either close together
or so far apart as to suit the passage of the furnace gases to the funnel when the coils
are placed together.
We may however if considered desirable use coils composed of a single tube in the
form of a simple helix.
In tubular coils or helices constructed according to our invention the convolutions
are more inclined, that is, they make a more acute angle with the axis of the helix
than the convolutions of the coils ordinarily employed. There is in consequence a
more efficient circulation of the water. Moreover the two or three helices constituting
each compound helix, contain but little more tubing than a compact helix of the same
length but they provide passages for the circulation of the water two three or more
times as great as the passage afforded by a compact helix of like tubing.
In building up a boiler with the compound vertical helical coils described we arrange
them in any form to suit the space available.
Figure represents in vertical section and Figure 2 in horizontal section taken on
the line A B Figure 1, a steam generator the tubular coils of which are made and
arranged according to our invention.
a, a, a are the series of vertical compound elongated coils or helices arranged in
Each
circles or ovals within the casing or furnace of the boiler as seen in Figure 2.
compound coil or helix is composed of two elongated helices of the same diameter the
convolutions of one elongated helix being situated between the convolutions of the
other elongated helix. It will be seen by an examination of Figure 1 that the lower
straight ends aa² of each compound helix a open into the common water chamber
and that the upper straight ends a³ a³ of each compound helix a open into the common
water and steam chamber d.
The two chambers c and d are connected together by the vertical pipes, and
water is fed to the lower chamber c by the feed pipe c² as seen in Figure 2. As the
connecting of the compound helices with the lower and upper chambers c, d of the

page_text: steam generator and the supplying of the feed water to the said generator constitute no
no part of our invention we do not consider it necessary to describe the same in
detail.
The series of compound elongated helices a, a are heated in the furnace or casing of
the boiler from the fire place in the base of the said furnace as seen in Figure 1.
In the compound helices represented the distance between two adjacent convolutions
of each helix is equal to or a little greater than the diameter of the tubing employed
to form the helices so that the convolutions of one helix lie closely between the
convolutions of the other helix and these close coils may be utilized for keeping cool
the furnace casing when a natural draught is used. But when the compound helices
are composed of more than two coils the distance between the convolutions of each helix
must be correspondingly increased.
Instead of making the compound elongated helices of coils of the same diameter as
described and represented, the compound elongated helices may be made of coils of
different diameters arranged one within the other, the axes of the several helices being
coincident.
It will be seen by an examination of the Drawing that the convolutions of the
compound helices are more inclined than compact helices and hence a more efficient
circulation of the water is produced and the compound helices provide passages for the
circulation of the water through them two (or more) times as great as the passage
afforded by a compact helix of about the same length.
Although we have represented compound vertical helical coils arranged in a nearly
circular furnace yet they may be arranged in a square or other shaped furnace instead
of a circular or nearly circular one, and the products of combustion may have a vertical
course to a funnel immediately over the boiler as represented in Figure 1 or the said
products may be otherwise made to circulate about the helical coils.
To keep the surrounding air casing cool we generally take the suction for the fan from
the said casing when a forced draught is used in the furnace.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our invention
and the manner in which the same is to be performed we declare that we claim as our
Invention of "Improvements in steam generators" :-
The combination in the furnace or heating chamber of a steam generator of a series
of compound vertical helices or helical coils made and arranged in the furnace or
heating chamber substantially as and for the purposes herein before described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
Dated the 18th day of August 1888.
JNO. SAMUEL WHITE.
GEORGE E. BELLISS.
ALFRED MORCOM.