IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Benjamin Hingley, of Netherton Iron Works,
near Dudley, in the County of Worcester, Ironmaster, and James Robson
Curry, of Netherton, near Dudley, aforesaid, Forgeman, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS."
Sealed the 5th June 1877, and dated the 7th March 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Benjamin Hingley
and James Robson Curry at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
7th March 1877.
GEORGE BENJAMIN HINGLEY, of Netherton Iron works, near Dudley, in the
County of Worcester, Ironmaster, and JAMES ROBSON CURRY, of Netherton, near
Dudley, aforesaid, Forgeman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS."
Our Invention has reference to anchors having moveable arms, and consists of
the improvements in the said anchors herein-after described, whereby great strength
and holding power are secured together with economy in manufacture.
We form the arms of the anchor of two separate forgings and connect them with
the opposite sides of the shank in the following manner:-At that part of the
shank to which the arms are attached we form a strong crown head. In a hole in
this crown head a strong pin or axis is fixed, and on the protruding parts of the
said pin or axis the arms of the anchor turn. Two curved slots are made in the
crown head; these slots are situated respectively above and below the pin or axis
described; these slots are concentric with the pin or axis on which the arms turn.
Strong pins or bolts passing through the slots described are secured at their ends
to the arms on either side of the crown head of the shank, and connect the arms
together rigidly, so that the said arms can only move together. On the motion of
the arms, the pins connecting them together travel in the curved slots described, and
the range of motion of the arms is limited by the length of the said alots, the motion
of the arms being arrested by the pins connecting them coming to the ends of the
slots in which they work. We prefer to make the curved slots extend forty-five
degrees on each side the axis of the shank, so as to permit the arms to travel
through an angle of ninety degrees, forty-five degrees on one side and forty-five
degrees on the other side of the axis of the shank. We do not however limit
ourselves to any particular angle.

page_text: The pins connecting the arms together may be secured to the arms by screws
and screw nuts, or by cotters, or by rivetting.
In order still more effectually to secure the pins in the arms, bushes or enlarge-
ments may be made in the arms at the parts where the pins pass through them.
In this modification the said bushes may work in recesses around the curved slots
in the crown head of the shank.
Although we prefer to use the two connecting and stop pins described, yet one
only of the said pins may be employed with nearly the same effect. There is
however this advantage in the use of two connecting stop pins, namely, should
either of them under the influence of excessive strain give way, the action of the
anchor is not interfered with, as the other pin effectually connects and limits the
motion of the arms.
Instead of fixing the pins in the arms, as described, the said pins may be fixed
in the crown head of the anchor. In this case curved slots are made in the arms
similar to the curved slots herein-before described in the crown head, the crown
head in this case being without slots.
The arms of the anchor may be made with horns or toggles of the ordinary
kind.
Anchors may be made, according to our Invention, either of wrought iron, or
sought one anot stool ou nestle of man and santle of staal
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Benjamin Hingley and Jaines Robson Curry in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 29th August 1877.
GEORGE BENJAMIN HINGLEY, of Netherton Iron Works, near Dudley, in the
County of Worcester, Ironmaster, and JAMES ROBSON CURRY, of Netherton, near
Dudley, aforesaid, Forgeman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS."
Our Invention has reference to anchors having moveable arms, and consists of
the improvements in the said anchors herein-after described, whereby great strength
and holding power are secured, together with economy in manufacture.
We form the arms of the anchor of two separate forgings and connect them
with the opposite sides of the shank in the following manner-At that part of the
shank to which the arms are attached we form a strong crown head. In a hole in
this crown head a strong pin or axis is fixed, and on the protruding parts of the
said pin or axis the arms of the anchor turn. Two curved slots are made in the
crown head; these slots are situated respectively above and below the pin or axis
described; these slots are concentric with the pin or axis on which the arms turn.
Strong pins or bolts passing through the slots described are secured at their ends
to the arms on either side of the crown head of the shank, and connect the arms
together rigidly, so that the said arms can only move together. On the motion of
the arms, the pins connecting them together travel in the curved slots described,
and the range of motion of the arms is limited by the length of the said slots, the
motion of the arms being arrested by the pins connecting them coming to the ends
of the slots in which they work. We prefer to make the curved slots extend forty-
five degrees on each side the axis of the shank, so as to permit the arms to travel
through an angle of ninety degrees, forty-five degrees on one side and forty-five
on the other side of the axis of the shank. We do not however limit ourselves to
any particular angle.
The pins connecting the arms together may be secured to the arms by screws and
screw nuts, or by cotters, or by rivetting.
Although we prefer to use the two connecting and stop pins described, yet one
only of the said pins may be employed with nearly the same effect. Thero is
however this advantage in the use of two connecting stop pins, namely, should.

page_text: either of them under the influence of excessive strain give way the action of the
anchor is not interfered with, as the other pin effectually connects and limits the
motion of the arms.
The arms of the anchor may be made with horns or toggles of the ordinary
kind.
Anchors may be made, according to our Invention, either of wrought iron, or
wrought or cast steel, or partly of iron and partly of steel.
We will now describe, with reference to the accompany Drawings, the manner
in which our Invention may be performed.
Figure 1 represents in front elevation, and Figure 2 in side elevation (with ono
of the arms removed) a stockless anchor containing our improvements.
Figure 3 represents a side elevation of the anchor in action, the arms beng
represented at the end of their stroke or position in one direction.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in Figures 1, 2, and 3.
a is the stockless shank of the anchor, and a² is the crown head of the same;
c, c, are the arms of the anchor made of separate pieces or forgings, the parts c², c³,
of the said arms being situated upon and connected to opposite sides of the said
crown head a². The parts c², c², of the arms are situated at right angles to the
parts carrying the palms, and the said parts c³, c², are of nearly the same breadth
and shape as the said crown head a. The said separate arms c, c³, c, c², which are
connected together in the manner herein-after described turn upon the central pin,
axis, or scrow bolt d; this axis or bolt is passed through a hole in the crown
head a, and also through holes in the arms c, c², c, c², the end of the headed pin
or bolt a being secured in its place by the screw nut d²; e, e, are the curved slots
made in the crown head a², the said slots being struck from the centre or axis & of
the arms c, c², c, c², and f, f, are the connecting and stop pins or bolts working in
the curved slots e, e, by which pins the two arms c, c², c, c², are connected together,
and by means of the slots e, e, their motion on the crown head a limited. The
position and shape of the said curved slots e, e, in the crown head a² are best scen
in Figure 2. The pins or bolts f, f, are connected to the arms c, c³, c, c³, by the
screw nuts ƒ³, f²; but the said pins or bolts may be fixed by rivetting instead of
by screw nuts, or they may be fixed by cotters.
It will be seen by an examination of the Drawing that the two arms c, c², c, c², of
the anchor are rigidly connected together by the pins or bolts f, f, and the said
arms consequently move together. When motion is given to the arms c, c², c, c²,
the pins f, move in the curved slots e, e, the motion of the said arms being
arrested when the said pins f, f, come to the end of their slots. The motion of the
said arms is thereby limited, the connecting pins f, f, thus serving as stop pins.
In Figures 1 and 2 the arms c, c², c, c², are represented in their normal or middle
position and the connecting and stop pins f. f, are consequently at the middle of
their curved slots e, e; and in Figure 3 the said arms are represented in action, and
the connecting and stop pins f. f, at the end of their slots in one direction.
At the head of each arm c, c, and opposite each other we form two horns or
toggles h, h, for tripping the anchor, the said horns or toggles assisting in bringing
the arms into their working position, as shown in Figure 3, whichever way the
anchor falls. Upon the shank a of the anchor we place a fish shackle g, provided
with a bow on each so as to be always ready to receive the fish hook; the said
shackle g being fixed in such a position that the anchor is balanced when being
raised.
Instead of two curved slots e, e, and two connecting and stop pins f. f, for con-
necting together and limiting the motion of the arms c, c², c, c², one slot and one
pin only may be employed. This modification of our Invention is illustrated in
front elevation in Figure 4 and side elevation in Figure 5, where fs is the single
stop and connecting pin secured to the two arms c, c², c, c², of the anchor; the said
pin 3 working in the slot or opening e made in the lower part of the crown
head a. The joint pin or bolt d of the arms and the other parts of the anchor are
constructed as described with respect to the anchor having two connecting and stop

page_text: pins, and corresponding parts are marked with the same letters of reference. In
Figure 5 the arms of the anchor are represented in continuous lines at the end of
their position in one direction and in dotted lines in their normal or middle
position.
Although we have shown our improvements as applied to a stockless anchor
whereby a considerable reduction of weight in the anchor is secured, yet our said
improvements may also be applied to anchors having stocks.
Having now described the nature of our Invention and the manner in which the
same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that we claim as our Inven-
tion the improvements in anchors, herein-before described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawing, that is to say, making the moveable arms of anchors of
separate forgings or parts turning on a common pin or axis at the crown head of
the anchor shank, and connecting the said separate arms together and to the
opposite sides of the crown head of the anchor shank by one or more pins or bolts
passing through the said separate arms and working in a curved slot or curved slots
in the crown head of the shank, which said pin or bolt or pins or bolts besides
serving to connect the arms together and to the shank also serve to limit the motion
of the arms in either direction, substantially as described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Benjamin Hingley, have hereunto set
my hand and seal this Twenty-fifth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
Witness,
CHARLES JOHN PARIS,
67, Tower Buildings,
Liverpool.
GEORGE BENJAMIN HINGLEY. (L.S.)