Improvements in or connected with Lamps and Vaporizers for Oil Engines.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application; 9th Feb., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 9th Nov., 1893-Accepted, 13th Jan., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Lamps and Vaporizers for Oil
Engines.
I, JAMES EDWARDES WEYMAN of Treverward Nightingale Road Guildford in
the County of Surrey Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my
said invention to be as follows:-
In my application for a Patent dated August 27th 1892 and numbered 15417 I
described an improved vaporizer whereby a reservoir of oil acts as a regulator of
the temperature at which oil is vaporized for use in an internal combustion engine
and I mentioned in connection therewith, that ignition is effected by means of a
hot tube heated by a specially constructed lamp. One form of such lamp is the
object of my present invention which comprises an oil container fitted with the
ordinary attachments of a lamp in which a wick is used. The wick may be flat,
circular single or duplex. The oil container I make to fit practically air tight into
a body or stand having in it a small fan or air propeller which is driven at a
suitable speed either by clockwork or by a belt or other mechanism from the
engine or other source. The blast so produced is made to impinge against or
A little distance above the wick I
circulate round and near the top of the wick.
place a chimney or vessel having in its bottom a suitable opening or openings to
admit the flame.
The inside of the chimney or vessel I so form as to create a draught and thus
additional air is drawn in through the bottom with the flame and great heat is
thereby generated.
In some cases I employ a fan of such capacity that it is not necessary to have a
further addition of air at the flame:
Through or into this chimney or vessel I pass the ignition tube where it becomes
highly heated.
In place of the fan as herein described I sometimes employ an air reservoir kept
full by means of a small air pump driven by the engine or by accumulators or by
hand pump or other suitable means.
In employing a vessel the inside of which forms the chimney, I make it of
suitable size and shape to hold a proper quantity of oil for vaporizing for the
engine; or in other words I use it as a vaporizer with a reservoir in it, for
regulating the temperature at which the oil is vaporized, but in some cases,
it as a vaporizer without such reservoir.
Dated this 9th day of February 1893.
I use
n
IV. HEDER RADFORD,
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Lamps and Vaporizers for Oil
:
Engines.
I, JAMES EDWARDES WEYMAN, of Treverward, Nightingale Road, Guildford,
0 in the County of Surrey, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
In the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me dated 27. July 1893

page_text: No. 15417 I have described improved constructions of vaporizers combined with
means for maintaining therein a constant height of oil in order to form a
reservoir of oil adapted to act as a regulator of the temperature at which the oil
is vaporized for use in an oil engine, the said vaporizers being arranged to be
heated either directly by the heat of combustion produced in the motor cylinder,
or indirectly by the heat of the exhaust gases. I also described in my said prior
Specification a construction of lamp adapted to heat the ignition tube of an oil
engine.
Now my present invention has reference to a lamp of the kind referred to,
the chimney of which is so constructed and arranged as to form a combined
chimney and vaporizer the arrangement being such that heat escaping up the
chimney above the ignition tube, can be utilized to heat the vaporizer so that the
one lamp serves not only for heating the ignition tube but also for generating
the necessary hydrocarbon vapor for use in the engine cylinder, and it may be also
for heating the air supplied to the said cylinder with the hydrocarbon vapor to
form the combustible charges.
The lamp, which may be provided with a single or with duplex wicks, of flat or
circular form, comprises an oil container fitted with the ordinary attachments of a
lamp in which a wick is used and arranged to fit practically air tight into a body
or stand having in it a small fan, or air propeller which is driven at a suitable speed
by any suitable means such as by clock-work, or by a belt worked from the motor
or otherwise. The blast of air so produced is made to impinge against or circulate
round and near the top of the wick. A little distance above the wick is arranged
a chimney or vessel having in its bottom a suitable opening or openings to admit
the flame or flames. The inside of the chimney or vessel is so formed as to create
a draught whereby additional air is drawn in through the said. bottom with the
flame and great heat is thereby generated. Or I may employ a fan of such
capacity that it is not necessary to provide for this additional supply of air at
the flame.
Through or into the lower part of this chimney or vessel I pass the ignition tube
where it becomes highly heated by the lamp flame.
In place of the fan as herein described, I may employ an air reservoir kept full
of, air by means of a small air pump driven by any suitable means such as by the
hydro-carbon motor, or by accumulators, or by hand.
In employing a vessel the inside of which forms the chimney of the lamp as
described, I make it of suitable size and shape, to serve not only as a vaporizer, but
also as an oil reservoir for regulating the temperature at which the oil is vaporized.
In some cases, however, I use it as a vaporizer only and not also as au oil reservoir.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a vertical-section, partly in elevation, showing a combined lamp and
vaporizer with ignition tube according to this invention together with part of the
engine cylinder to which such tube is connected.
Fig. 2 is a plan thereof.
Fig. 3 is a.horizontal section on the line x x of Fig. 1 ; and
Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the line Y Y of Fig. 1, the ignition tube being
removed.
1 is the oil container of the lamp provided with a single flat wick tube 2 and
means for raising and lowering the wick, and arranged centrally within a chamber 3
through which a current of air is caused to flow upward and around the lamp flame
by a fan or air propeller 4 fixed on a spindle 5 driven by any suitable arrangement.
of clock-work 6 arranged in the body of the lamp. This body is made in two
parts 77 detachably connected together and carried by a tubular pedestal or base
piece 8 formed with holes 9 for the passage of air to the fan and thence to the
chamber 3. The part 7* may be formed with additional air, holes 10 and with a
short central tube 7b within which the fan 4 is arranged to work: The upper
slotted end of the tube 7b may advantageously be arranged to project above the
bottom of the chamber 3, so that any small quantity of oil that may leak into such

page_text: chamber will be prevented from coming in contact with the clock-work. For the
some reason the tube 7b may be of less diameter than the interior of the pedestal 8
so that should oil flow over the top of the tube it will enter the said pedestal.. A
current of air may be supplied to the chamber 3 through the pedestal 8 from an
external source as herein before mentioned, in which case the holes 10 are omitted.
11 and 11 are the inner and outer walls respectively and 11° the bottom of a
vessel forming a combined chimney and vaporizer that is carried by the lamp
gallery 12. The outer wall may be formed at its lower end with inlets 13 fitted
with wire gauze as shown through which an additional supply of air may be drawn
by the draught of the chimney when the lamp is in action. The inner wall 11ª,
which, in the example shown forms both the inner side and the bottom of the
vaporizing chamber 14, is made of bell-mouth or flared-form at its lower end and
is provided on both sides with vertical ribs 15, and it may be also with other
projections 16, in order to provide a large heating surface adapted to readily
transmit heat from the hot gases ascending the chimney to the oil 17 in the
vaporizing chamber. The bottom 11' of the chimney is formed with an oval
opening 18 through which the lamp flame passes. 19 is the ignition tube of the
engine arranged to extend through the lower part of the chimney at a point above
the perforated bottom 11' so as to become intensely heated by the lamp flame
passing through such opening. 20 is a lining of asbestos surrounding the inner side
of the lower portion of the chimney for the purpose of preventing undue loss of
heat at this part by radiation and conduction and by this means concentrating the
heat of the flame upon the ignition tube 19 which is connected to the combustion
chamber 21 of the engine cylinder 21* in any suitable manner.
The vaporizing vessel is provided with means for maintaining a constant height
of oil in its lower part in order that the reservoir of oil thus formed may serve to
regulate the temperature of the vaporizer as hereinbefore described. In the
example shown, the means provided for this purpose comprises a vessel 22 provided
with two branches 23 and 24 that are in communication with the vaporizing vessel
as shown, and with an overflow opening 25. 26 is a pump by which oil is raised
from the oil reservoir 27 through pipes 28 and 29 and delivered into-the-vessel 22.
30 is a pipe by which excess of oil can flow from the vessel 22 back into the oil
reservoir 27. The arrangement is such that an excess of oil can be delivered to
the vessel 22 without affecting the level in the vaporizing vessel and a continuous
circulation of the oil is effected whereby portions of heavy oil that are not easily
vaporized and might otherwise accumulate in the bottom of the vaporizing vessel
are drawn off.
31 is a finely perforated pipe secured within the vaporizing chamber and provided
with a branch 31 in communication with the branch 23 of the vessel 22. The
outlet 25 is so arranged that the height of the oil 17 will be such as to permit air
to flow through the vessel 22, branches 23 and 31°, into the pipe 31 over the surface
of the oil therein, and thence into the vaporizing chamber wherein it will become
heated, the mixture of oil vapor and heated air passing off by a second perforated
pipe 32 secured within the upper part of the vaporizing chamber and connected by
a branch 32 and external pipe 33 with the engine cylinder in any convenient
manner, the supply of said mixture to the engine cylinder being controlled by a
valve in a manner well understood.
Fig. 5 is a vertical section of a modified construction of combined lamp chimney
and vaporizer in which no provision is made for maintaining a considerable height
of oil in the vaporizing chamber for the purpose hereinbefore mentioned.
In this case the ribs or projections 15 on the outer side of the inner wall 11* are
so formed and arranged, preferably as a screw thread or surface as shown, that the
oil delivered to the upper part of the vaporizing chamber by the pipe 29 will flow
over them and become vaporized by the heat conducted by them and the inner
wall 11", from the hot gases ascending the chimney. 30 is a pipe by which any oil
that may reach the bottom of the vaporizing chamber can drain away to the oil
supply reservoir. 34 are air holes by which air may enter and flow through the

page_text: vaporizing chamber 14 in an opposite direction to the oil admitted to the top
thereof, the air becoming heated in its passage. 33 is a pipe by which the mixture
of oil vapor and air may be led to the engine cylinder as before. In other respects
the construction is similar to that hereinbefore described with reference to and
shown in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. An oil lamp of the kind herein referred to, in which the lamp chimney
carrying the ignition tube for an oil engine is so constructed and arranged as to
form a combined lamp chimney and vaporizer so that the lamp in addition to
heating the ignition tube serves also for vaporizing oil for use in the engine cylinder
substantially as herein described.
2. An oil lamp with ignition tube and combined chimney and vaporizer as specified
in the preceding claim, in combination with means for maintaining a constant height
of oil in the oil vaporizing chamber substantially as herein described for the
purpose specified.
3. My improved lamp with ignition tube and combined chimney and vaporizer
with oil reservoir, constructed substantially as hereinbefore described with reference
to and shown in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive of the drawings annexed.
4. My improved lamp for heating the ignition tube of an oil engine with
combined chimney and vaporizer constructed substantially as herein before described
with reference to and shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings annexed.
Dated this Eighth day of November 1893.
JAMES EDWARDES WEYMAN,
W. Lloyd Wise,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for Applicant.