IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF PACKING OR CUSHIONING RAILWAY CHAIRS, PILLARS, PIPES, GIRDERS, AND ENGINES, BY THE USE OF ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE FIBRE PACKING CHEMICALLY PREPARED
Year: 1859

page_text: arnam,
ΟΙ sumber 53,
Street,
City
London, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MODE OF PACKING OR CUSHIONING RAILWAY CHAIRS, PILLARS, PIPES, GIRDERS,
AND ENGINES, BY THE USE OF ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE FIBRE PACKING
CHEMICALLY PREPARED."
Sealed the 15th June 1860, and dated the 27th December 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Seaville Truss
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
27th December 1859.
I, THOMAS SEAVILLE TRUSS, of Darlington, in the County of Durham, and
of Number 53, Gracechurch Street, in the City of London, Civil Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MODE OF PACKING OR CUSHIONING RAILWAY CHAIRS, PILLARS, PIPES, GIRDERS.
AND ENGINES, BY THE USE OF ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE FIBRE PACKING CHEMICALLY
PREPARED," to be as follows:-
'
The animal fibre packing or cushioning, which I chiefly use is milled or
felted wool, commonly, called felt, which I steep in or pass through an alkaline
solution and afterwards coat it with or pass it through hot or cold grease, tar;
or pitch, for packing or cushioning for railway chairs, pillars, gas, water, and
other pipes, girders, and engines. The vegetable packing or cushioning which
I chiefly use is woven hemp, which I steep in or pass through an alkaline
Pain Q17

page_text: solution and afterwards coat it with or pass it through hot or cold grease, tar,
or pitch, for packing or cushioning for railway chairs. pillars. gas, water, and
other pipes. girders. and engines. For some purposes I submit the packing
or cushioning to pressure before it is used; the alkalines I chiefly use are
soda and potash in the proportion of about one pound weight of alkaline to
four of water, but the proportions are regulated by the purposes for which the
packing or cushioning is to be used. For some purposes, I do not chemically
prepare the packing or cushioning. I do not restrict myself to the alkalines
or greasy substances to be employed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Seaville Truss, in the Great Seal Patent
on the 25th June 1860.
Office
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
SEAVILLE TRUSS, of Number 53, Gracechurch Street, in the City of London,
Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year of
Her reign, did. for Herself. Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Thomas Seaville Truss, Her special licence that I. the said Thomas
Seaville Truss, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Thomas Seaville Truss, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed. should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF PACKING OR CUSHIONING RAILWAY CHAIRS,
PILLARS, PIPES, GIRDERS, AND ENGINES, BY THE USE OF ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE
FIBRE PACKING CHEMICALLY PREPARED," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Thomas Seaville Truss, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals.
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Seaville Truss, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say:
My said improvements consist in certain chemical preparations and adapta-
tions of animal and vegetable fibres to be used for packing or cushioning. to
prevent, take off, or lessen concussion or jar, when applied to railway chairs,
pillars, girders, engines, or other machines, and to make gas, water, steam
and air-tight joints when used as packing to make secure the joints of pipes.
In order that the nature of my said improvements, and in what manner they
are to be performed, may be more fully understood. I will proceed to describe
the chemical preparation and the application of the same.
The animal fibres which I chiefly use are wool. cow hair, and dog hair.
which I obtain from certain manufacturers made in the manner and form that
I may require it. The vegetable fibres which I chiefly use are hemp. flax.
and cotton, which I obtain from certain manufacturers made in the manner and
form that I may require it. The chemical preparation to which I submit the
said fibres to preserve them, or protect them from the action of the acids or gases.
is steeping or passing them through an alkaline solution or otherwise coating
or filling them with alkalines, and afterwards or at the same time coating them
with cold or hot grease, pitch or tar, or these substances combined; the
alkalines I chiefly employ are potash and soda, and for most purposes, in the
proportion of about one part alkaline to four parts water; for some purpose
I submit the packing or cushioning to pressure, the amount of which depends
upon the conditions under which the packing or cushioning is to be applied.
When I apply the said animal or vegetable fibre packing or cushioning to
railway chairs, it may either be placed between the sleeper and chair, or
between the chair and the rail; when applied between the chair and, the rail
it may be placed at one or both sides as well as beneath the rail either with-
out or with wood or any other suitable material inserted between the packing
or cushioning, and the rail; when I apply the said animal or vegetable fibre
packing or cushioning to girders, pillars, engines, and other machines, it may
be either simply placed beneath. between or around, at the parts to which it is
to be applied. or shoes or other suitably formed articles may be made for the
application of the same, and have wood, or any other suitable material inserted
between the packing or cushioning and the article to which the same is to be
applied. When I apply the said animal or vegetable fibre packing or cushioning
to make gas, water, steam. and air-tight joints of pipes it is cut or prepared in

page_text: the form required, and is inserted as any other washer or ring intended to
accomplish the same purpose.
As my said Invention is capable of various modifications without departing
from the principal thereof, I do not restrict myself to the alkalines or greasy
substances to be employed. or to the mode of using or applying them, nor to
the coating or otherwise filling the animal or vegetable fibres with alkalines for
all purposes, nor to the precise mode of the application of the said packing or
cushioning.
Having now described, the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as my Invention
the filling or otherwise coating of animal or vegetable fibres, with alkalines.
cold and hot grease, pitch, tar, or other greasy substances, and the application
of the same for packing or cushioning for railway chairs, pillars. girders.
engines, and other machines, and pipe joints: I also claim the application of
animal or vegetable fibres, not coated or otherwise filled with alkalines, for
packing or cushioning for railway chairs, pillars, girders, engines, and other
machines: I also claim the submitting of the said packing or cushioning to
pressure for the purposes herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I. the said Thomas Seaville Truss, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
THOMAS SEAVILLE TRUSS. (L.S.)
Witness,
G. S. SHEFFIELD,
Clerk to Mr. J. Blythe Robinson, Solicitor,
Beverley.