Improved Apparatus for Applying, by the Pressure of a Gas Generated in the said Apparatus, a Liquid Spray, for use in Treating the Diseases of the Vine, or for other analogous uses.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Jan., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 5th Oct., 1895-Accepted. 7th Dec., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Applying, by the Pressure of a Gas
Generated in the said Apparatus, a Liquid Spray, for use
in Treating the Diseases of the Vine, or for other analogous
uses.
I JAMES YATE JOHNSON of 47 Lincoln's Inn Fields in the County of
London, Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention (which has
been communicated to me from abroad by Lucien Lasmolles, Mechanic, and
Emile Fréchou, Landowner, both of 58 bis Chaussée d'Antin, Paris in the Republic
of France) to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved apparatus for applying by the pressure
of a gas generated in the said apparatus a liquid spray for use in treating the
diseases of the vine or for other analogous uses.
The following is a description of an apparatus constructed according to this
invention but the invention is not limited to the precise details therein described.
A cylindrical receiver of greater capacity than the volume of liquid which is to
be sprayed is provided at its upper end with a semi-spherical lid and a cylindrical
ring projecting beyond the said cap or lid; at the other end of the said receiver
is a junction piece by which the liquid and substances necessary for producing the
required reaction are introduced. This junction piece is closed by a plug of
rubber or the like through which pass two pipes over the inner ends of which
projecting into the receiver is fitted a conical rose. The plug is kept firmly in a
closed position by a lever hung from a ring surrounding the junction piece.
Rubber piping is fitted to the pipes and forms a passage for the liquid from the
receiver to nozzles which are provided with stoppers and terminate in a spraying
or spreading device of any desired construction, for efficiently spraying the liquid
supplied by the pressure of the gas generated in the receiver.
The receiver is secured by half hoops to bearing pieces attached to a board
adapted to be carried on the back of the operator. Through the said board
pass bent pieces sliding in metal guides and capable of being fixed therein allowing
straps or braces connected thereto to be stretched more or less at will, and the
said straps will be found to bear on the back of the operator without causing any
discomfort. The lower part of the board caused to bear against the back of the
operator by means of a cushion which may be adjusted in height on its support.
The apparatus is provided with a foot or feet by means of which together with
the lower end of the board it can rest vertically on the ground when placed
thereon by the operator.
The receiver contains a diaphragm perforated with holes sufficiently small to
prevent any matter but the liquid from passing therethrough.
To effect the charging the apparatus is placed upside down on the ground so
that it rest on the ring surrounding the cover with its feet in the air. Liquid
varying in quantity with the capacity of the receiver is introduced by the junction,
piece and the amount of powder necessary to effect the required reaction is then
added, the powder being measured out in volume by a suitable measure or being
in packets prepared beforehand each packet containing the amount sufficient for a
charge.
While the receiver is in, the inverted position the powder is prevented by the

page_text: diaphragm from passing to the head of the said receiver and does not mix with
the liquid. The junction piece is then hermetically closed as well as the stoppers
on the tubing by means of rings sliding thereon.
When the receiver is turned up to its normal position so that its feet rest on
the ground the liquid comes into contact with the powder in that part of the
apparatus situated beneath the diaphragm and carbonic acid gas is set free, the
initial pressure rises, and the apparatus is ready for work.
When in use the operator holds one of the nozzles of the apparatus in each hand
and sprinkles the vines in succession working the stoppers with the thumb.
Dated this 5th day of January 1895.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Applying, by the Pressure of a Gas
Generated in the said Apparatus, a Liquid Spray, for use
in Treating the Diseases of the Vine, or for other analogous
uses.
I, JAMES YATE JOHNSON of 47 Lincoln's Inn Fields in the County of
London Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention (which has
been communicated to me from abroad by Lucien Lasmolles, Mechanic, and
Emile Fréchou, Landowner, both of 58 bis Chaussée d'Antiu Paris in the Republic of
France) and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improved apparatus for applying by the pressure of a
gas generated in the said apparatus a liquid spray for use in treating the diseases
of the vine or for other analogous uses.
The following is a description of three forms of apparatus constructed according
to this invention and illustrated in vertical sections in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 of the
accompanying drawings but the invention is not limited to the precise details
hereinafter described.
Referring to Figure 1A is a cylindrical receiver of greater capacity than the
volume of liquid which is to be sprayed having at its upper end a semi-spherical
lid and a cylindrical ring R extending beyond the said cap or lid; at the other
end of the said receiver is a junction piece Ŏ by which the liquid and substances
necessary for producing the required reaction are introduced. This junction piece
is closed by a plug B of rubber or the like through which pass two pipes T T¹ over
the inner ends of which projecting into the receiver is fitted a conical rose shewn
by the dotted lines at t. The plug B is kept firmly in a closed position by a lever L
hung from a ring surrounding the junction piece. Rubber piping t is fitted to
the pipes T T and forms a passage for the liquid from the receiver to pipes 1,
which are provided with stoppers closed by sliding rings m and terminate in a
spraying or spreading device i of any desired construction, for efficiently spraying
the liquid supplied by the pressure of the gas generated in the receiver.
The receiver A is secured by half hoops c c to bearing pieces C C' attached to
a board E adapted to be carried on the back of the operator. Through the said
board pass bent pieces F sliding in metal guides M and capable of being fixed
therein, allowing straps or braces H connected, thereto to be stretched more or less
at will so that the said straps will be found to bear on the shoulders of the operator
without causing any discomfort. The lower part of the board E bears against the
back of the operator with a cushion K which may be adjusted in height on its
support S. The apparatus is provided with a foot or feet p by means of which

page_text: together with the lower end of the board E, it can be placed so as to rest in a
vertical position on the ground.
The receiver A is provided with a diaphragm D perforated with holes sufficiently
small to prevent any matter but the liquid from passing therethrough.
To effect the charging, the apparatus is placed upside down on the ground so;
that it rests on the ring R surrounding the cover with its feet p in the air.
Liquid varying in quantity with the capacity of the receiver A is introduced at the+
junction piece O and the amount of powder necessary to effect the required reaction-
is then added, the powder being measured out in volume by a suitable measure or;
being in packets prepared beforehand each packet containing the amount sufficient
for a charge. While the receiver is in the inverted position the powder is.
prevented by the diaphragm D from passing to the head Q of the said receiver A.
and does not mix with the liquid. The junction piece O and the stoppers r on the
tubing are then hermetically closed.
When the receiver A is turned up to its normal position so that its feet rest on
the ground the liquid comes into contact with the powder in the part of the
apparatus situated beneath the diaphragın D and carbonic acid gas is set free, the-
internal pressure rises and the apparatus is ready for work.
When in use the operator holds one of the nozzles of the apparatus in each hand
and sprinkles the vines in succession working the stoppers on the nozzles with the
thumb, the liquid being forced out through the said nozzles by the pressure of
carbonic acid gas liberated in the receiver.
The apparatus illustrated in Figure 2 is similar to that already described with
reference to Figure 1 except that it is provided with a cock r¹ and a junction piece,
or pipe for enabling a part of the gas under pressure remaining in the receiver to
be utilized after the liquid has been expelled. In this arrangement two or more
receivers are used. The first is charged as already described and used and then
when there is no liquid left therein and just as the gas begins to pass out the
nozzles are closed. Gas under a pressure of about 1.4 kilos. remains in the
receiver. During the discharge of the contents of the first receiver a second is
kept in readiness which is closed having first introduced the water and powder and
closed the stopper on the nozzles the apparatus being kept upside down so that
there will be no generation of gas and consequently as yet no pressure. The
cocks on all the receivers carrying them being closed the cock of the receiver which
has just been emptied and in which there is still a pressure of 1-4 kilos., is placed
in communication by means of rubber piping with the cock on the apparatus which
has been last charged.
The cock on each receiver is then opened producing an equal pressure in
both, after which the cock on the receiver which has been last charged is closed.
By detaching the rubber piping connecting the cock on each receiver from one of
the said cocks, the gas still remaining in the empty receiver can escape, so that
this receiver can be then recharged.
A
By turning over and agitating the charged apparatus a higher pressure of gas
results with the same amount of powder, than that obtained in the first receiver so
that the supply of powder may be diminished thus effecting a great economy.
safety valve placed on the rubber piping connecting the two receivers provides
against too high a pressure after a large number of chargings.
Another arrangement of apparatus shewn in Figure 3 is for use in pulverizing
or spraying liquids with other than those obtained with our powder, without
mixing them with the liquid in which the reaction takes place for producing the
carbonic acid gas. In this case bicarbonate of soda and sulphate of alumina are
alone employed.
In this apparatus the receiver A (Figure 3) is divided into two equal parts
a metal plate or diaphragm d and is provided with two plugged openings
and O. A pipe T fitted with a cock t³ forms a communication between the two
compartments of the said receiver a cock being placed on one side as in the

page_text: receiver A shown in Figure 2, for enabling the pressure in the apparatus when
just emptied to be utilized.
In order to charge the apparatus the part a below the diaphragm d is filled with
the liquid to be pulverized, the cock 3 being kept closed. This part of the
apparatus is then closed as well as the stopper on the nozzle, after which the
receiver is turned round for introducing at the part 6 thereof the water and then
the amount of powdered sulphate of alumina and bicarbonate of soda necessary
for obtaining the carbonic acid gas at the desired pressure. This part of the
apparatus is then closed, the cocks and t being also closed, and the apparatus is
well shaken by turning it over so as to properly mix the water and powder. As
soon as the reaction is finished in order to make use of the apparatus the part O
thereof carrying the nozzle is turned towards the ground and the cock t³ is opened.
When the liquid has been driven out by the gas under pressure thus admitted, the
stopper on the nozzle is closed and a second apparatus having been duly charged
without however allowing the gas to be generated, the gas under pressure from
the apparatus which has just been emptied is conveyed thereto in the manner
which has already been described with reference to Figure 2.
With a single apparatus the charging is effected in the same manner; when the
liquid has gone, all the gas is allowed to escape and by removing the stopper at O¹
the liquid is emptied out which remains in the compartment 6 before recharging.
The apparatus which has been described may be utilized for extinguishing fires
by merely substituting a straight nozzle for that placed at the end of the pipe
shown in the drawings. In this case bicarbonate of soda and sulphate of alumina
are only employed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is:-
-
1. The use of carbonic acid in a receptacle for obtaining the pressure necessary
for working a spraying or pulverizing jet substantially as and for the purposes
hereinbefore described.
2
2. The several apparatus working with carbonic acid gas under pressure
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figure 1, in Figure 2,
and in Figure 3 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 5th day of October 1895.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.