IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SEPARATION OF ORES AND MINERAL PRODUCTS, AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick John King, of Bishopsgate Avenue, in the
City of London, Merchant, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
SEPARATION OF ORES AND MINERAL PRODUCTS, AND IN THE APPARATUS
EMPLOYED THEREIN.”
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick John King at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th February 1880.
FREDERICK JOHN KING, of Bishopsgate Avenue, in the City of London,
Merchant. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SEPARATION OF ORES AND MINERAL PRODUCTS,
AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN."
My Invention relates to an improved magnetic machine for the separation of
ores and mineral products, which are either naturally, inagnetic or have been made
so in the manner described in the Specifications to former Letters Patent granted
to me, dated the 29th July 1873, No. 2574, and the 23rd January 1874, No. 296,
or otherwise from non magnetic substances.
In treating magnetic and non magnetic substances in a fine state of division it
is found that some portion of the non magnetic substanco adheres under the
attraction of the magnetic substances to the magnetic wheel or magnetic machine
employed, and a perfect separation cannot be obtained. In order to obviate this I
first pass the material to be operated on over the poles of magnets, either permanent
or electro magnets, with a piece of thin non magnetic material, such, for example,
as brass or zinc, separating the material from the magnets. On imparting to this
non magnetic material a motion, reciprocating or otherwise, over the poles of the
magnets or magnetic bars all the magnetic particles in the mixed orc or material
are turned over as they pass each pole, and the non magnetic material passes
through to the bottom, leaving the magnetic portion on the surface ready for
separation by a magnetic wheel, which I prefer to construct in the following
manner:-
The wheel consists of a periphery or circumference composed of bars of iron or
steel placed at a suitable distance apart parallel with the centre line or axis, and
attached to a framework of brass or other non-magnetic material mounted on a
shaft, to which rotary motion is imparted. The cross bars are made magnetic by
contact with the poles of any convenient number of magnets, which are arranged
in such a manner that the bars form alternately north and south poles.
During the rotation of the wheel the magnetic substances previously brought
to the surface in the manner herein before described are attracted and carried up
by the wheel to be brushed off or removed into a suitable receptacle, the non-
magnetic substance being discharged direct without coming into contact with the
wheel.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Frederick John King in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 11th
August 1880.
FREDERICK JOHN KING, of Bishopsgate Avenue, in the City of London,
Merchant. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SEPARATION OF ORES AND MINERAL PRODUCTS,
AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN."
My said Invention relates to an improved magnetic machine for the separation
of ores and mineral products, which are either naturally magnetic or have been
made so in the manner described in the Specifications to former Letters Patent
granted to me, dated the Twenty ninth July, Ono_thousand eight hundred and
seventy three, No. 2574, and the Twenty third January, One thousand eight
hundred and seventy four, No. 296, or otherwise, the object being to separate the
magnetic from the non magnetic substances.
In treating magnetic and non magnetic substances in a fine stato of division it
is found that some portion of the non magnetic substances adheres under tho
attraction of the magnetic substances to the magnetic wheel or magnetic machine
employed, and a perfect separation cannot be obtained.
In order to obviate this I employ a thin non-magnetic carrier for the said
substances arranged over the poles of a permanent or electro magnet or magnets,
and I impart motion to such carrier, or (as an equivalent method) I impart notion
to the poles of the magnet beneath the carrier in such a manner that a change of
position is produced in the said substances, whereby the non-magnetic particles are
caused to descend to the bottom, leaving the magnetic portion on tho surface
ready for separation by a magnetic wheel or machine.
My Invention also relates to improvements in the construction of the magnetic
wheel itself, as hereinafter described.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall refer to
the several Figures on the annexed Sheet of Drawings, the same letters of referenco
indicating corresponding parts in all the Figures.
•
Figuro 1 of the accompanying Drawings represents a longitudinal section of a
magnetic machine constructed according to my said Invention, and Figure 2 is a
plan of the same corresponding to Figure 1.
Figures 3 and 4 are respectively a plan and section of a portion of a magnetic
wheel drawn to a larger scale than Figures 1 and 2.
In order to obviate the adherence to the magnetic wheel or magnetic machine of
the non magnetic substances under the attraction of the magnetic substances I first
pass the material to be operated on over the poles of magnets A (which may be
either permanent magnets, as shewn, on electro magnets) with a carrier B of thin
non-magnetic material, such, for example, as brass or zinc, separating the material
to be operated upon from the magnets. On imparting to this non magnetic carrier
n motion, reciprocating or otherwise, over the poles of the magnets or magnetic
bars A all the magnetic particles in the mixed ore or material are turned over as
they pass each pole, and the non magnetic material passes through to the bottom,
leaving the magnetic portion on the surfaco ready for separation by a magnetic
wheel.
In my Drawings I have represented the carrier B as operated through the inter-
vention of connecting rods a and cranks b from a shaft c, which may be driven by
hand or power, the carrier thus receiving a reciprocating to and fro motion over
the poles of the magnets, but any motion of the carrier medium which causes the
particles to move across the poles of the magnets will answer the purpose. It is
obvious moreover that in lieu of actuating the carrier the magnets A themselves
may have motion imparted to them whilst the carrier remains stationary, whereby
a similar effect will be obtained.

page_text: C is the magnetic wheel for effecting the complete separation of the magnetic
from the non-magnetic substances. This wheel may either be constructed in the
manner described in my said former Specifications or (as I prefer, and as shewn in
the details, Figures 3 and 4) in the improved manner next hereinafter described.
The wheel C consists of a periphery or circuinference composed of bars d of iron
or steel placed at a suitable distance apart, parallel with the centre line or axis,
and attached to a frame work c of brass or other non-magnetic material mounted
on a shaft f, to which rotary motion is imparted from any suitable prime mover by
means of a driving strap g or otherwise. The cross bars d are made magnetic by
contact with the poles of any convenient number of magnets h, which are arranged
in such a manner that the bars form alternately north and south poles, as indicated
in Figures 3 and 4 by the signs + and respectively. The bars d are notched
for the reception of the magnets, and the interstices between the bars and the
interior of the wheel are filled up with cement or any other suitable non-magnetic
material.
The combined machine operates in the following manner, vilelicit:
:-
The materials to be separated are introduced into a hopper D, and discharged
therefrom through a regulated aperture i on to the carrier B. By means of the
reciprocating to and fro motion of the carrier over the poles of the magnets A all
the magnetic particles of the mixed ore or material are caused to turn over as
they pass cach pole, and the non-magnetic portion sinks to the bottom, leaving the
magnetic portion on the surface.
The wheel C being at the same time in motion the magnetic substances previously
brought to the surface aro attracted and carried up by the wheel to be brashed off
or removed by the revolving brush E into a receptacle F, the non-magnetic
substance being discharged direct at G without coming into contact with the
wheel.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the samé is or may be used or carried into
effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original,
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein before in part
recited Letters Patent is,
First. Effecting the preliminary separation of magnetic from non-magnetic
substances by the employment in combination with a permanent or electro magnet
or magnets of a thin non-magnetic carrier for the said substances, arranged over tho
poles of the magnet or magnets in such a manner that by imparting motion to
such non-magnetic carrier or to the poles of the magnet or magnets beneath the
carrier a change of position is produced in the said substances, whereby the non-
magnetic particles are caused to descend to the bottom, leaving the magnetic
portion on the surface ready for separation by a magnetic wheel or machine, sub-
stantially as hereinbefore described.
Second. The peculiar construction of magnetic wheel, substantially as and for
the purpose herein beforo described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick John King, have to this in'y
Specification set my hand and seal, the Eleventh day of August, One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
FRED. J. KING. (L.S.)