matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING HOT HOUSES, HOT BEDS, PITS, CONSER- VATORIES, HOUSES, CHURCHES, AND OTHER BUILDINGS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Williams Thomson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 1st June 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOHN WILLIAMS THOMSON, of Forest Hill, Sydenham, in the
County of Kent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention.
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING HOT HOUSES, HOT BEDS, PITS, CONSER-
VATORIES, HOUSES, CHURCHES, AND OTHER BUILDINGS," to be as follows:-
For making a continuous furnace or flue, combined with a continuous
pipe, trough, tank, or tube, to be filled or partially filled with water or
steam, for heating hot houses, hot beds, pits, conservatories, houses,
churches, and other buildings.
The upper part of the tube to contain steam
or water, and the under part to be used as a
flue, both running together continuously into
or around the interior of the house, pit, or
building to be heated, and both emanating
from a furnace and boiler at one end. An
outlet to be made at the other end, for the
smoke to pass out of the building, after having
imparted all or nearly all the heat it contained,
on leaving the furnace.
Tube
to contain water
or steam.
Tube or flue
for flame &
smoke.

page_text: Thus all the heat of the flame and smoke, in passing through the
water hot throughout the length
Invention may be better under-
flue, is used in keeping the steam or
of the tube. And in order that the
stood, reference can be made to the accompanying Drawing; but I do
not intend to confine myself to the particular configuration therein
shewn.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN APPARATUS CALLED 'PRESSERS,' EMPLOYED IN THE PREPARATION OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR SPINNING
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George William Bott at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 4th March 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, GEORGE WILLIAM BOTT, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Brass Founder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of
"AN IMPROVEMENT IN APPARATUS CALLED 'PRESSERS,' EMPLOYED IN THE
PREPARATION OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR SPINNING,"
to be as follows:-
The "pressers to which my improvements relate are the small
levers which are attached to one or both of the arms of the "presser
flyers," now almost universally employed in machinery used in the pre-
paration of cotton and other fibrous materials for spinning. Hitherto
these "pressers" have been cast or formed of brass, which metal is costly
of itself, and also requires to be cast in sand, a separate matrix having
consequently to be moulded for each successive casting. Such "pressers "
also, in consequence of their being cast in sand, require a considerable
amount of filing and otherwise polishing before they are sufficiently
smooth for use. My improvement consists in casting such " pressers

page_text: of any suitable soft metal or compound of metals, such as is capable of
being cast in metallic moulds. By this improvement I am enabled to
effect a considerable saving, not only in the cost of the metal itself, but
also, in consequence of such metals being capable of being cast in
metallic moulds, the "pressers" can be cast perfectly sharp and smooth,
and at once produced in a finished state, so as to require no subsequent
filing or polishing.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFT
Mars
Jumor,
and Samuel Roscow, at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 8th July. 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the. Act.).
We, WILLIAM MARSDEN, junior, of Longridge, in the County of
Lancaster, Manufacturer, and SAMUEL Roscow, of the same place,
Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING" to be as follows:-
Whereas in order to preserve the warp from injury in the event of
the shuttle being detained in the race, or in the event of its being
rebounded from the shuttle box, there have been some time in use
loose reeds," confined to their desired position by the action of a
spring sufficiently strong to resist the ordinary pressure during the
beat up, the action of such contrivance being, however, limited to the
manufacture of light goods, it not being found practicable to weave
heavy goods in a loom so fitted. In order to overcome this difficulty
we employ, in addition to the well-known swell stop-rod and frog ordi-
narily employed in looms, a secondary stop-rod acting as the fulcrum
of a bell crank lever, one end of which bears a rail in contact with the

page_text: lower end of the reed, and the reverse end acted upon by a spring or
other mechanical equivalent, and provided with an adjustable screw or
set pin for contining its action when desired. In the weaving of light
goods the set screw before mentioned is turned back or withdrawn,
giving freedom to the stop-rod and lever, and consequently leaving the
reed confined only by the action of the spring, which is calculated to
yield in the event of the shuttle being detained, as before mentioned.
On the contrary, in weaving heavy goods we fix the lever and stop-rod,
and consequently confine the reed by means of the adjusting screw or
set pin before mentioned.
And we claim as our Invention the peculiar arrangement herein-
before described as adjustable to the weaving of either light or heavy
goods, but particularly the employment of a secondary stop-rod in
addition to or in combination with the ordinary stop-rod and frog, or
any mere variation of the same, so that the spirit of the Invention be
preserved.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHANDELIERS, GAS BRACKETS, AND LAMP FRAMES
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Ramage and Thomas
Coffey at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 21st February 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Ramage and Thomas
Coffey at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 21st February 1858.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
WE, JOSEPH RAMAGE and THOMAS COFFEY, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Gas Fitters, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
CHANDELIERS, GAS BRACKETS, AND LAMP FRAMES". to be as follows:-
Our Invention applies principally to the manufacture of the orna-
mental parts or portions of such articles. These ornaments have
hitherto been cast or formed of brass, which metal is costly in itself,
and also requires to be cast in BAND, a separate matrix having con-
sequently to be moulded for each casting. The ornaments also mostly
require to be cast in separate pieces, and afterwards to be brazed
together. Our improvements consist principally in casting the orna-
mental parts of such articles in zinc, or a mixture of block-tin and lead,
or other soft metal or mixture of metals, such as, are capable of being
cast in metallic moulds.
By this Invention we not only effect a great saving in the cost of the
metal itself, but also, in consequence of such metals being capable of

page_text: being cast in metallic moulds, they can be cast perfectly sharp and
clear, so as to require no subsequent chasing or filing, and can also, in
most instances, be cast in one piece. In forming chandeliers and gas
brackets these ornaments may be cast UPON the gas tubes, or other
fittings, which may be of brass, copper, or iron. Lamp frames, and
other similar articles, should be strengthened by being cast upon an
iron or other hard-metal frame; and some parts of the ornaments, such
as projections, &c., may be strengthened by being formed of brass or
block tin, and CAST in the soft metal. These soft-metal ornaments,
when lacquered and bronzed by the ordinary process, are not distin-
guishable from those formed entirely of brass, and are much less costly
and equally durable.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRE- PARING WOOD TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CASKS AND OTHER VESSELS FOR CONTAINING LIQUIDS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Amos at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
November 1853.
I, JOSEPH AMOS, of Bristol, in the County of Somerset, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRE-
PARING WOOD TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CASKS AND OTHER
VESSELS FOR CONTAINING LIQUIDS" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in a new mode or process of preparing-wood,
and applies more particularly to American oak, to be used in and for
the manufacture of casks, by extracting the acids from the wood, and
thereby rendering it considerably cheaper (by reason of its being more
easily obtained) and superior to the Dantzic or Memel oak heretofore
extensively used in the manufacture of casks; and beer or porter casks,
when manufactured of wood prepared according to this Invention, are
not only calculated to improve the flavor of beer or porter, but will also

page_text: keep it sweeter for a longer period than when placed in casks manufac-
tured by any of the modes and processes hitherto practised. The nature
of this Invention will, however, be better understood by the following
statement of the means by which the same may be effected, without
limit to the precise proportions of the matters or ingredients employed
in the process, as follows:-
The timber is first sawn to the required thickness, then placed with
the edges uppermost in an iron boiler about six feet long by two feet
wide and two feet deep, and furnish'd with proper flues. This boiler
is then filled with water, and then the following matters or ingredients
added thereto about one pound of soda, two ounces of black pepper
ground fine, two pounds of common salt, and a bucket full of spent
hops; this solution is then got up to a boiling heat and kept gently
boiling for about one hour and a half. After which the timber is re-
moved from the boiler and placed on end, leaving space between each
piece for the steam and heat to pass off, and when cold the wood thus
prepared is perfectly fit for use; and it should be observed that in pre-
paring wood for manufacturing casks specially intended to contain beer
or porter, it is subjected to another process, namely, the wood when
formed into casks, after having been fired and trussed, the casks are
then well swabbed with a mixture of beer grounds and isinglass while
the cask is quite hot; this mixture when cool forms a sort of glaze on
the surface, and thereby preserves the beer sweet and good for a longer
period than other casks. It is to be understood that the above-men-
tioned glazing process is not necessary in preparing wood for manufac-
turing casks and other vessels intended to contain liquids other than
beer or porter.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DREDGING MACHINES
Year: 1853

page_text: on the 16th May 1858.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I WILLIAM LITTELL TIZARD, of Aldgate High Street, in the City
of London, Brewer's Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DREDGING MACHINES" to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists in substituting for the ordinary frame carrying
the dredging buckets a compound or sliding bar, which admits of the
chain of buckets being lengthened, and so penetrating deeper into the
ground when requisite. I also forni the lower part of this bar of the
same breadth as the buckets, which are thus enabled to work into a
narrow opening when required. And I make the sides and bottoms of
the buckets solid, that is to say, without holes or apertures.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OR METHOD OF CUTTING AND FINISHING BRASS RULE AND WOOD REGLET USED IN THE ART OR PROCESS OF LETTER-PRESS PRINTING, SIMILAR PURPOSES, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Philip Grant and John
Doherty at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 9th September 1853.
We, PHILIP GRANT, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Letter-press Printer, and JOHN DOHERTY, of the same place,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MODE OR METHOD OF CUTTING AND FINISHING BRASS RULE AND
WOOD REGLET USED IN THE ART OR PROCESS OF LETTER-PRESS PRINTING,
SIMILAR PURPOSES, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows:-
The usual method of cutting brass rule and wood reglet is by the
hand saw and plane, constituting expensive processes, instead of which
we propose for the brass rule to pass the sheet brass from a cylinder
through or between studs or slides on to another cylinder, and as it
passes through the said studs or slides it shall come in contact with
cutters or knives to act upon the edges of the brass so as to make one
edge perfectly flat and smooth, and the other edge of a V form, thus
delivering the rule perfectly true and clean as it is wound on the

page_text: receiving cylinder, from which it may be taken and cut into the neces-
sary lengths. Or we fix other cutters to the frame of the machine by
a regulating screw or similar contrivance; we cut the rule into the
various lengths, as required for use, as it passes through the machine.
For making wood reglet we propose to attach either to the aforesaid
machine by an extra pulley or extra pulleys, or to a seperate or distinct
machine, a mechanical plane and circular saw, the first to plane the
true height of the reglet, and then cut it by the circular saw to the
required thickness or width, and again subject the several sizes to
the same process for planing or adjusting them to the exact size or
thickness of nonpareil, pica, &c.
AN IMPROVED BRIDLE
Year: 1853

page_text: the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 26th July 1858.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, ALFRED WALTER MONEY, of Chudleigh, in the County of Devon,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
BRIDLE to be as follows:-
This improved bridle consists of a strap or band being placed over
the animal's nose, the seperate ends of which are brought round in
opposite directions under the jaw, and run through rings or loops which
are attached to the strap on each side of the jaw, the ends are then
taken through the rings of the snaffle and buckled on to the rein;
the object of this strap or nose band being to partially prevent respira-
tion by pulling the rein, and thus pressing the strap on to the nose,
enabling the rider or driver to have a greater command over the horse
or other animal. When a double bridle is used a short strap connects
the rein to the curb bar, thus dispensing with the double rein.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING ROVINGS FOR SPINNING
Year: 1853

page_text: J, FRANCIS BURDEN, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim, Chemical
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING ROVINGS FOR SPINNING," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of causing linen rovings to be saturated
with or passed through a ley, as they are moved up to be spun.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER CLOSETS AND IN THE APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Hartley Higginbottom
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 4th November 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOHN HARTLEY HIGGINBOTTOм, Clerk of Works to the Local
Board of Health, Ashby-de-la-Zouch, in the County of Leicester, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WATER CLOSETS AND IN THE APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH" to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in the employment of a service pipe fitted
with two cocks or valves, which are simultaneously acted upon by the
descent of the seat. One of these valves is opened by the descent of
the seat, and allows a certain supply of water to enter the service box.
The other valve is closed by the descent of the seat, and prevents the
water from entering the basin until the ascent of the scat cuts off the
supply from the service box by closing the first-mentioned valve, and
allows the water in the service box to run into and flush the basin, the
second cock being opened by the ascent of the seat. Thus, when the

page_text: closet is not in use, the supply cock remains closed, and the cock which
connects the service box with the basin remains open; the order being
reversed, however, when in operation.
AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PIANO- FORTE WIRE, APPLICABLE ALSO TO ARTICLES OF IRON AND STEEL GENERALLY
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Horsfall at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
February 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JAMES HORSFALL, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PIANO-
FORTE WIRE, APPLICABLE ALSO TO ARTICLES OF IRON AND STEEL GENERALLY,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in first coating the pianoforte wire or iron
or steel articles with copper, and afterwards tinning the same. I
carry my Invention into effect in the following manner, that is to
say: I first make the said wire or articles of iron or steel perfectly
clean, by treating them with dilute sulphuric acid, or in any other
convenient manner, and afterwards immerse them in a solution of
sulphate of copper or other soluble salt of copper, or the acid solu-
tion which has been used for "dipping" articles of brass, and which
contains copper in solution, may be used. In this or in any other
convenient way, the said wire or articles of iron or steel are firs

page_text: coated with copper, and the said coated wire or other articles are
boiled in a solution made by adding 5lbs. of bitartrate of potassa or
cream of tartar, 1lbs. of alum, 10ozs. carbonate of potassa, and
1lbs. of common salt, to each gallon of water. Some tin shavings
or granulated tin is put into the solution, and on boiling the said
wire or articles therein, the said wire or articles become coated with
tin. The said coating of tin preserves the said iron or steel wire
or articles from rust, and has a more silver like color than the iron
or steel. Although I have stated the proportions which I find to
answer well in making the solution for tinning, yet I do not confine
myself to these or any other of the particulars herein described, as
the same may be varied; the essence of the Invention consisting
in applying a coating of tin to piano-forte wire and articles of iron
and steel generally, by first covering the same with a coating of
copper, and applying the tin upon the said coating of copper, as
herein before described..
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LOCKS AND KEYS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Hippolyte Laurent Du Bost, of No. 62, Rue Neuve
des Petits Champs, á Paris, at present in London, at the Hotel de France,
No. 21, New Street, Covent Garden, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LOCKS AND KEYS."
Sealed the 26th May 1854, and dated the 10th December 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Hippolyte Laurent Du
Bost at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 10th December 1853.
I, HIPPOLYTE LAURENT DU BOST, of No. 62, Rue Neuve des Petits Champs,
à Paris, at present in London, at the Hotel de France, No. 21, New Street,
Covent Garden, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LOCKS AND KEYS" to be as follows:-
There are in the key and the lock notched slides, in grooves concomitant or
corresponding, in such a manner that the slides of the key, fixed more or less
high, push and lower more or less those of the lock.
This system, shewing only the key hole, may be used for all sorts of locks,
almost without modification, except the nature and strength of the metal.
A key as small as Bramah's contains, however, some hundred millions of
combinations, which it makes over at once to the lock. Its complete changing
should requiro even one minute, nor a bit taken out.

page_text: The key's bow is pierced trough from a point or plate, having signs of
remembrance, which serves to fix the slides of the key, or to direct for
changing the combination existent.
The notched slides of the lock are united each to one another, two thirds
long, which felows all its movements, and can be separated of it whit the key
by a circular trigger retained from a spring that it disturbes, of press upon the
slides, and let it press only when those cannot be moved, a little spring set
again everi one slide as soon the key get out the lock.
When the key in the lock is a little turning produces the slides, not move-
able, being, and after that if the key's combination righly disposed, the slides
of lock give simultaneously each one away to the trigger, that moving put the
key in communication with the bolt, and let it locked or unlocked, otherwise
the key would be turned constantly on the ligh and left without opening,
locking, or hiting against any resisting.
A gap being done on the lock, the same signs of the key's combination will
apparear if the slides of the lock would be alike stamped.
1
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Christopher Cross, of Farnworth, in the
County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, and James Crosby, of Man-
chester, in the said County, Manufacturer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 21st April 1854, and dated the 21st October 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Christopher Cross
and James Crosby at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 21st October 1853.
We, CHRISTOPHER CROSS, of Farnworth, in the County of Lan-
caster, Manufacturer, and JAMES CROSBY, of Manchester, in the said
County, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WEAVING" to
be as follows:-
Our improvements consist in an arrangement of apparatus whereby
the shuttle is caused to travel in a circular direction. The dents of the

page_text: reed are arranged radially, and the warp threads pass through them in
a circle, or in sides constituting a polygon; the shuttle is placed upon
the dents, and is, by motion communicated to them, propelled so as to
carry forward the weft between the warp threads, a shed being formed
according to the description of work to be produced. To illustrate how
the shuttle may be propelled, suppose one of a cylindrical form to be
used, and that by means of rollers or cams a hollow is made in the line
of dents (they being free to move up or down) corresponding to the
shape of the shuttle; by causing the hollow to gradually advance along
the circle, constituting, as it were, a travelling vave, the dents forming
the front of the hollow will be continually receding from the shuttle,
and those constituting the back thereof constantly advancing upon it,
and the desired rotation will be effected. Instead of one shuttle two
Another feature of novelty
or more may in like manner be employed.
is the method of beating up the woven fabric; this is done by causing
the dents of the reed to arrive one after the other in contact with the
weft as it is progressively deposited between the warp.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MEANS OF COMMUNICATING BETWEEN GUARDS OR PERSONS AND THE ENGINE DRIVER OF A RAILWAY TRAIN
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Bird at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th May 1858.
I, ALFRED BIRD, of 15, Worcester Street, Birmingham, Experimental
Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MEANS OF COMMUNICATING BETWEEN GUARDS OR PERSONS AND
THE ENGINE DRIVER OF A RAILWAY TRAIN" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of applying telegraphic apparatus to a railway
train, consisting of a flexible tube containing fluid, and capable of being
coiled on a drum or frame, and of being connected at the two ends
with dials or instruments with pointers or indicators, and sounding
instruments, in such manner that by the movement of a handle of a
pump by the guard or other person sound will be given, and the
pointers or indicators at both ends of the tube will be caused to assume
the same position in regard to their dial or instrument, and point out
the same word or sign.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM BOILERS, AND IN THE MODE OR METHOD OF FIXING THE SAME
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Hindman at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th November 1853.
I, WILLIAM HINDMAN, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM BOILERS, AND IN THE MODE
OR METHOD OF FIXING THE SAME," to be as follows:-
I build the fire or furnace place of a peculiar shape, as shewn in the
accompanying sketch, and fix an air tube in the centre of it, which
attracts the flame from both sides by the current of air thus introduced.
The flame then enters and passes through one flue into and through
another, thus creating a very large amount of heating surface, and
securing the entire consumption of the smoke, which improvements
are clearly shewn in the accompanying outline Drawing.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF CONSUMING OR OTHERWISE PREVENTING THE ESCAPE OF SMOKE FROM FLUES OR OTHER SMOKE VENT
Year: 1853

page_text: time prescribed by the Act.)
Latent was not given within the
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Gedge at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
November 1853.-A. communication.
I, JOHN GEDGE, of 4, Wellington Street, Strand, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF CONSUMING OR OTHERWISE
PREVENTING THE ESCAPE OF SMOKE FROM FLUES OR OTHER SMOKE VENT"
to be as follows:-
I
propose to place sieves or lattices of wire made, in preference,
from a metallic compound, forming the subject of a petition for Letters
Patent this day recorded by me, in certain positions in the interior of
the chimney or flue; the wire being capable of sustaining great heat,
and not easily corroded, will catch the smoke in its upward progress,
sift or tease it, rejecting it from each of the sieves or latices in turn,

page_text: till it being denuded of all its thicker parts, the smoke will reach the
upper sieve merely as hot air, the remainder being returned for
re-combustion.
The latices or sieves may be made in a framing, according to the
shape or size of the chimney, and so fitted in, or ledges may be left in
flue building for their reception.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEASURING AND INDICATING TIME
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Uriah Lane at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
October 1853. .
. (Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, URIAH LANE,. of North Street, Brighton, in the County of Sussex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MEASURING AND INDICATING TIME" to be as follows:-..
This Invention consists in the use and application of aeriform and
liquid fluids, either separately or in combination with each other, for
the purpose of measuring and indicating time; for example, I take a
glass tube, and nearly fill it with water or spirit, so as to leave a small
quantity of air therein, and I suspend this tube by a pin or fulcrum
attached thereto in a horizontal position; in this position it will appear
evident that the air bubble will remain quiescent in the spirit or water
which is within the tube, but upon placing the tube out of the horizon-
tal position, the air, being of less specific gravity than the water or spirit,
will ascend with a velocity proportionate to the elevation or angle of
inclination of the tube; and I employ this motion of the air bubble as

page_text: a measurer of time, which may be indicated by divisions representing
minutes, half minutes, half hours, and hours, marked upon a piece of
material placed immediately over the tube; or, if desirable, the tube
itself may have divisions marked thereon. And in applying liquid fluids
only for measuring and indicating time, the same may be effected by
the use and application of a syphon, one leg whereof is securely fixed
to a float placed in a reservoir of water, the other leg being open to the
atmosphere; and supposing the air to be exhausted from the syphon, and
the size of the bore thereof to be such as to admit of one drop of water
being discharged at a time, it will appear evident that equal quantities
of water will thus be discharged in equal times, by reason of the pres-
sure from the float upon the surface of the water in the reservoir always
being the same, notwithstanding its level is constantly altering as the
water is discharged therefrom, and in proportion to the difference of
altitude between the top of the syphon and the surface of the water,
and the surface of the water and the bottom of the outer leg of the
syphon. In like manner the volocity of the discharge of the water
may either be increased or diminished, that is to say, the velocity of
the discharge will be greatest when the distance from the surface of
the water to the top of the syphon is the least, and vice versâ; and in
this manner and by these means this Invention may be effected.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COTTON FABRICS FOR LADIES UNDER DRESSES
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Brown at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th June 1858.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, ALEXANDER BROWN, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COTTON FABRICS FOR
LADIES UNDER DRESSES" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the loom ornamentation or embroidery of
plain, corded, or such other cotton fabrics as are used for the stiff
petticoats of ladies. According to this Invention lappet and fancy
weaving are combined with the ordinary plain and corded cotton
grounds used at present for ladies' petticoats; that is to say, whilst the
body of the piece is woven in plain corded cotton grounds it is at the
same time ornamented by lappet weaving, with or without open loom
work. This new arrangement of the dress possesses all the peculiarities
of the old plain and corded petticoat in common use, whilst its appear-
anco is greatly improved by the ornamental weaving.

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Brown at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th June 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, ALEXANDER BROWN, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COTTON FABRICS FOR
LADIES' UNDER DRESSES" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the loom ornamentation or embroidery of
plain, corded, or such other cotton fabrics as are used for the stiff'
petticoats of ladies. According to this Invention lappet and fancy
weaving are combined with the ordinary plain and corded cotton
grounds used at present for ladies' petticoats; that is to say, whilst the
body of the piece is woven in plain corded cotton grounds it is at the
same time ornamented by lappet weaving, with or without open loom
work. This new arrangement of the dress possesses all the peculiarities
of the old plain and corded petticoat in common use, whilst its appear-
ance is greatly improved by the ornamental weaving.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING TURNIPS AND OTHER ROOTS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left. by the said Isaac Hartas at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 18th October 1853.
himly
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, ISAAC HARTAS, of Wrelton Hall, in the County of. York, Farmer;
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING TURNIPS AND OTHER ROOTS" to be as fol-
lows
The.
"My Invention of improvements in machinery for cutting roots
relates to Niat kind of implement which is usually employed-for-eutting
turnips for cattle or sheep and is an improvement upon cylindrical
turnip cutters, that construction in which the knives enttine
instruments are adapted to the periphery of a drum, flinder, or barrel
The barrel according to my improvements is composed of three
sections or parts, which-are-put-togethier and adapted-to-a-central-shaft
-axle or if preferred, these three-sections may be cast-in-one-piece
The barrel is provided with three long slits or openings which are
covered by the longitudinal knives or cutting instruments, leaving

page_text: 11.
beneath them space sufficient for the slices of the root to pass through
to the interior of the cylinder, om whence they fall out into any
suitable receptacle placed beneath.
The short knives for making the transverse cuts (as required for the
food of sheep) are made or joined together in pairs, and
»
arranged
in two or more angular lines in advance of the cutting edge of the
longitudinal knives." They short knives are inserted-from-inside-the
barrel through-holes-made-in-the-periphery-thereof and are secured
in their places by screws or screwbolts.which pass through the part
between the blades of each pair, and-are-screwed into-the-barrel. By
means of this arrangement of parts the knives-may-be-removed with
facility, should any of them be broken-or-require repair Should-the
implement-be-required for slicing turnips foueattle, the transverse
knives can be easily removed. "In front of the small-knives and at the
bottom of the hopper there is a kind of comb bar through which the
transverse knives pass, and which bar prevents the slices from passing
through without being cut transversely.
"
"
"1
>)
The spout which conducts the cut roots to the basket or receptacle
placed beneath is made of cast iron, to which are attached-and-east.in
one piece with the spout guitable bearings to support the carriage and
axle of the barrel, thereby dispensing with the top framing-as-hitherto
sedThe legs are fixed into square boxes or receptacles placed at
the corners of the spout, and are firmly held or braced together at the
Hower extremities by an oval shaped casting, having four radiating arms
with similar-square boxes or receptacles-for-the legs.as.before-mentioned,
which hold the top thereof. The travelling wheels are fastened to the
frame by the projecting nock of two bolts which pass through the
legs, thus dispensing-with-the-axle hitherto used-in-these.machines...
IMPROVEMENTS, IN APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CARBURETTED HYDROGEN GAS
Year: 1853

page_text: (This Invention, received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed
with the application for Letters.Patent was not given within the
1. time prescribed by the Act.)".
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Sir John Scott Lillie at the
-Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st November 1853.-A communication.
I, Sir JOHN SCOTT LILLIE, Companion of the Most Honorable Order
of the Bath, of 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, do hereby declare
the nature of the Invention for IMPROVEMENTS, IN APPARATUS FOR THE
PRODUCTION OF CARBURETTED HYDROGEN GAS ato be as follows:
The Invention consists, Firstly, in the arrangement of the furnace.
flues and mode of setting the retort. Secondly, in the construction of
the retort. Thirdly, in the construction of the condenser. Fourthly,
the construction of the washer. Fifthly, for a new mode of construct
ing the gasometer. Reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon.
Each retort is set in an arch, and has direct and separate com
munications with the furnace, so that by the use of ordinary dampers,
only the exact number of retorts required are kept heated; and in the

page_text: event of one of the retorts being worn out or deranged, it can be
removed without interfering with the others. In Fig. 1, A, A, are
arches; B, B, flues. Iron or clay ribs are introduced longitudinally into
the retort, and by their agency the coal is kept exposed to a greater
surface of heat, and carbonization is carried on much more rapidly.
Figure 2, shews A, A, the ribs. B, B, of the same Figure, side
view of the same. C, C, C, C, &c., side view of the flues.
The atmospheric condenser is composed of angular tubes A, A, A, A,
Figure 4, with hydraulic caps B, B, B. By means of the angles, a
greater amount of friction is obtained, and the gas consequently
becomes more rapidly and thoroughly cleansed.
The washer A, B, & C, is seen in Figure 5, with vertical tubes, each
having a flange D, D, D, at the bottom.
The gasometer is set in a canal of proportionate size and depth, A; A,
Figure 6; B, B, the sides, built of brick, iron, wood, or stone, according
to circumstances; the interior ground C, C, is left solid. The crown of
the gasometer D, D, is flat, and the bearings, stays, &c., E, E, are
above, instead of below and within. The gasometer may be composed
of iron and flexible material for a small apparatus to work without
water, and for use on board ships, as shewn in Figure 7, and it may
be used with or without a cradle. A, A, elastic gasometer without
cradle. B, B, cradle for ship's use. C, C, universal joint to cradle.
MAKING PERFORATED BUILDING STONE
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Thompson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th May 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, RICHARD THOMPSON, of Three, Finsbury Chambers, Blomfield
Street, in the City of London, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "MAKING PERFORATED BUILDING STONE" to be
as follows:-
Blue lias, or strong grey lime, fresh from the kiln, to be ground and
mixed with sharp cement, sand, and gravel, and while in a hot state to
be moulded; the mould at each end to be perforated, to admit of rods
running through the composition, and to remain in while moulding,
in order that the composition should become perforated. The compo-
sition to be pressed in the mould. The rods, immediately after
moulding, may be drawn out, and the mould, which is fixed together
by bolts, removed without injury to the shape of the composition.
The surface can be brought, by the use of proper sand, to resemble

page_text: Portland stone; and, being perforated, becomes harder by the atmos-
phere than in a solid substance. When used for building, the walls
will not require lathing or canvassing to prevent damp, as in cases of
ordinary brick work.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPLICATION OF ATMOSPHERIC CURRENTS TO THE OBTAINMENT OF MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1853

page_text: PRO
Kufahl at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 17th February 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, GEORGE LEOPOLD LUDWIG KUFAHL, of Weymouth Terrace, City
Road, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPLICATION
OF ATMOSPHERIC CURRENTS TO THE OBTAINMENT OF MOTIVE POWER" to be
as follows:-
My improved wind machinery is principally intended to supply
the want of motive powers in countries and localities newly settled,
and where steam, and other more complicated machinery, and
skillful workmen to superintend and repair it cannot be had. The
principle is that of the cominon windmill, but, with exception
of the yard arms and sails, the structure is very different. First, the
whole of the machine, excepting the sails, is made of wrought iron,
and in a tubular form. This applies not only to the yard arms, shafts,
&c., but also to the body of the machine, which is a vertical tubular
shaft, steadied on the ground either by diagonal braces or a small

page_text: iron house or tent; another tube is put over this first tube, resting on
a circular trough provided with antifriction rollers or balls, and fitted
with a roller surrounding the inside tube. The outside tube carries
in its upper part a shaft, lying either horizontally or inclined a few
degrees from the horizon. This shaft, which as well as the yard
arms will be made of iron tubing, carries at its outside extremity
the sails, and within the tube those mechanical means or contrivances
which may be required for transmitting the power obtained by the
wind turning the sails affixed to the yard arms. In order to fit
these machines the better for colonial purposes they are proposed
to be constructed in such a manner that they can be taken to pieces,
carried on the back of horses or mules over a mountaneous country,
and reconstructed in the shortest time by common labourers. The
working parts consisting of wrought iron, there is no danger of an
interruption of the working of these machines taking place.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FLOATING BREAKWATERS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Christopher Vaux at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 7th July 1853.
I, CHRISTOPHER VAUX, of Brixton, in the County of Surrey, do
hereby declare that the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
FLOATING BREAKWATERS" to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in abating the injury from the shock of the
waves of the sea by reducing them to broken water instead of exposing
to them fixed resistance; for which purpose I employ yielding bodies,
such as frames of timber and hollow cylinders, or caissons of mictal
or wood, entirely floating and moved in the following manner:-
I take two blocks of cast iron or other suitable material of sufficient
weight, making a space in each block of the shape of the shank of the
anchor into which it is to be placed, and to be bolted and strapped
in the firmest manner, so as to give weight to the anchor, and keep
the flake firmly in the ground. Instead of the ordinary chain gene-
rally used for mooring ships, and hitherto for floating breakwaters,
I take a long bar of wrought iron of convenient length and shape,

page_text: or a plate of wrought iron of the required thickness and breadth.
When the round bar of iron is used I take a square or round piece of
timber, and bore through from end to end, into which I drive the bar
of iron and firmly secure it at the ends; when the angular bar or flat
plates are used I divide the piece of timber and cut it out the exact
shape of the bar or plate of iron; the two pieces are then to be firmly
bolted together; by these means the pieces of iron will be prevented
from being bent or twisted, and buoyancy will be given; they may be
connected end to end by any suitable connection. I prevent a sudden
strain coming on the moorings of the breakwater by firmly fixing
hollow wrought-iron cylinders or caissons upon the pieces of timber
inclosing the rod or plate of iron at about every 20 fathoms, vary-
ing the distance according to the length of the moorings and the depth
of water; this will keep them in a festoon form and position, so that
when a wave strikes the-frame-of-section of breakwater it will yield to
the blow, and when the wave has passed the festoon part will bring the
section back into the original position. As it is important to preserve the
floating power of these cylinders or caissons in the event of a rupture, I
propose to fill them with numerous small vessels or cells, made either
of very thin sheets of iron or copper, so that if any of them should be
damaged the remainder would retain the floating power of the caisson.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON
Year: 1853

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed
with the application for Letters Patent was not given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Davie Morries Stirling
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 17th December 1858.
I, JOHN DAVIE MORRIES STIRLING, of the Larches, near Birming-
ham, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON " to be as follows:-
Heretofore it has been usual in some cases to run melted iron into
the refinery furnace, and also into boiling and puddling furnaces. I
have discovered that if the beds of such furnaces, be covered with or
have applied thereon oxides of iron, or of other metals, or of the
earthy bases with saw dust or other ligneous, or resinous, tarry, or
oily, and such like matters, and running the molten iron thereon, that
a material improvement in the manufacture of iron results. And my
Invention consists of applying or introducing such matters into such
furnaces, and running the melted iron thereon.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RATING, BREAKING, AND SCUTCH- ING FLAX, HEMP, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATTERS
Year: 1853

page_text: Dean Denison at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, withi
their Petition, on the 6th April 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
We, SAMUEL DENISON, of Leeds, in the County of York, Machine
Maker and Smith, and HENRY DEAN DENISON, of Leeds, in the County
of York, Machine Maker and Smith, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RATING, BREAKING, AND SCUTCH-
ING FLAX, HEMP, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATTERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates, first, to the removal of the soluble matters
which have been dissolved by rating or preparing, by pressing the flax
in a pressing box after it has been removed from the rating tanks. The
sides and bottom of the pressing box (which is enclosed in an outer
case are perforated, in order that the liquor expressed from the flax
may run off.
Second, to an improved machine for breaking and in part separating
the straw from the fibres. This is effected by heating it in a machine
fitted with a series of beaters or fallers, in an horizontal or upright
position, acted upon by cams. The fibrous material is placed on a

page_text: grating, and acted upon by the beaters, a frame being employed for
keeping the material in proper position.
Third, to an improved arrangement of machinery for scutching flax
or hemp, which consists of a revolving wheel with a broad rim, on which
the material to be scutched is placed and held by suitable fastenings.
A series of arms or beaters revolve concentrically with, but in an oppo-
site direction to, the wheel containing the material, so that the beaters
meet the material to be scutched. A vertical or horizontal disc may
be employed with scutching arms revolving in a contrary direction
against the face; or the beaters may be made to revolve horizontally
over or at right angles with the vertical wheel. When one side of the
material has been scutched, it is turned, and the other side similarly
treated; or the whole apparatus may be simply made to revolve in a
contrary direction.
Fourth, to an improved system or mode of dressing flax or hemp,
by a machine fitted with a table or platform, in an opening through
which the material to be dressed is placed, and acted upon by a
pair of cleaning plates. These plates have a series of projecting
bars placed horizontally upon each, so that they pass or overlap each
other; these are moved by cams or other suitable arrangement, and are
made to strike towards each other with the material to be dressed
between them, which is now drawn through the cleaning plates, or the
plates may be moved down from the material.