Improvements in Apparatus for Stopping Engines and the Supply of Motive Fluid thereto.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Feb., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Oct.. 1899- Accepted, 2nd Feb., 1900
Improvements in Apparatus for Stopping Engines and the Supply
of Motive Fluid thereto.
I, BRONISLAS RATULD, of Ivanovskaya, 3, St. Petersburg, Russia, Engineer
and Technologist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
―:
This invention has for object to enable the captain of a steamer to stop the
vessel instantly and independently of the men at the engines.
According thereto there is arranged on the bridge of the steamer near or in
the wheel-house or at any other convenient part of the bridge, a stand for
supporting an upright shaft, provided at its upper end with a hand-wheel or
the like. At the lower end of the said shaft which extends into the engine
room or other convenient part of the vessel, according to the arrangement of the
engines and other parts of the steamer, there is keyed a gear wheel. The said
shaft is held in a vertical position by the above mentioned stand and by guide
bearings provided for the purpose at suitable parts of the vessel. Connected with
this vertical shaft is a horizontal shaft having a gear wheel mounted on one
end of the latter. From this horizontal shaft, according to the arrangement
of the engine parts, movement can be transmitted (1) to a steam-valve which
controls the passage of steam from the boiler to the cylinders; (2) to the steam-
valve for allowing steam to pass out from the boiler through the ejector into
the outer air or into the water, (3) to the steam and oil valves (in the case of
heating the boiler by oil) conducting steam and oil to the spray-producers, or.
when wood or coal is used as fuel, only a steam valve controlling the passage of
steam from the boiler to the furnace and (4) to the water-valve conducting
water to the condenser of the engine. For operating the said valves there can
also be arranged auxiliary shafts, and in this case taps or cocks can be provided
instead of valves for the oil and water pipes.
On the steam pipe leading from the boiler, besides the usual two valves for
supplying steam to the high-pressure and low-pressure cylinders respectively,
both of which are controlled by the engineer, there is arranged a third valve,
which cannot be controlled by the engineer. On the spindle of this valve is
mounted a loose bevel or spur wheel in such a manner that, on turning the
corresponding bevel wheel or pinion, the spindle is caused to slide up or down
so as to open or close the valve and thereby to admit or shut off steam to or
from the cylinders. The said valve is advantageously placed as near as possible
to the boiler, so that in case of breakage of the main steam pipe the valve may
be closed from the bridge so as to prevent the possibility of injury to the men
at the engines.
On suddenly shutting off steam from the cylinders, while the fuel is yet burning,
it becomes necessary to prevent any excessive and dangerous rising of the steam
pressure. To effect this there is opened, simultaneously with the shutting of

page_text: the steam supply valve, a valve for allowing steam to pass out of the boiler
through the ejector into the outer air or into the water.
For this purpose the boiler is connected with the ejector by a special steam-pipe
provided with a valve on the spindle of which is mounted a wheel or pinion
geared to a corresponding pinion or wheel on the horizontal shaft so that, simul-
taneously with the closing of the valve or valves conducting steam into the
cylinders, the valve for discharging steam through the ejector is opened. The
latter valve may either be arranged independently, as above described, or be
connected with the valve or valves for admitting steam to the cylinder or
cylinders, so that, when the latter will be caused to shut off steam from the
cylinders, the former will discharge the steam through the ejector. For this
purpose both valves or both the valve or valves for admitting steam to the
cylinders, and the valve for controlling the passage to the ejector, are or may be
mounted on a common spindle.
1
When the boilers are heated with oil there is no necessity for an ejector,
for in this case by actuating the apparatus the fire in the furnace is at once
extinguished as hereinafter described.
For the further prevention of the rising of steam pressure in the boiler when
the steam is shut off from the cylinders, the fire in the furnace must be extin-
guished. For this reason, when the fuel employed is wood or coal, there is
arranged an auxiliary steam-pipe leading from the boiler to the furnace and
on this pipe a suitable valve is provided which like the foregoing valves, is
connected with the horizontal shaft either directly or by means of a similar
shaft. The connexion of the valve with the horizontal shaft is such, that on
operating the apparatus and shutting off the steam from the cylinders, the valve
simultaneously opens and consequently admits a small quantity of steam into the
furnace, whereby the inrush of air is reduced and the burning of the fuel caused
to cease gradually.
When oil is used for firing purposes by means of spray-producers, the apparatus
shuts off oil and steam from the furnace and thereby puts out the fire at once.
This is attained by means of a supplementary valve provided on the pipe
which supplies steam to the spray-producer, and a supplementary tap, cock, or
valve on the pipe conducting oil to the spray-producer. The said steam valve
and oil tap, cock, or valve are connected with the horizontal shaft either directly
or by another shaft in such a manner that, when steam is shut off from the
cylinders, both steam and oil are simultaneously shut off from the spray-
producer. In this case there is no necessity for shutting off steam from the
spray-producers.
In addition to the devices mentioned, in the case of compound engines or
engines with injector condensers, in order to prevent any damage to the low-
pressure cylinder due to the possible access of water, it is necessary when shutting
off steam from the cylinders at the same time to shut off the water from the
condenser. For this purpose the pipe conducting water to the condenser is
furnished with an additional valve, tap, or cock, as is most convenient. This
valve tap, or cock is connected with the horizontal shaft and arranged so that
on shutting off steam from the cylinders the water is simultaneously cut off from
the condenser by the closing of the said valve, tap or cock.
In engines with surface condensers steam is shut off from the circulating
pump, which is thereby stopped.
The taps or cocks on the water and oil pipes are provided with levers for
transmitting movement direct from the horizontal shaft or from an intermediate
auxiliary shaft.
All the said apparatus are out of control of the men at the engines and can
be worked only from the bridge.
The accompanying drawings represent two examples of apparatus according
to this invention. Figs. 1, 2 and 3 illustrate a steamer provided with such
apparatus, in plan and sections; and Figs. 4, 5 and 6 similarly illustrate a

page_text: modification thereof adapted to a different engine arrangement and to the use of
coal or wood instead of liquid fuel as in the first example.
In the example shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, A is a vertical shaft supported by a
stand B and its upper end is provided with a handle C for turning it by hand;.
its lower end, which is in the engine room, is furnished with a bevel-wheel D,
gearing into a similar wheel D, mounted on one end of a horizontal shaft M
carried along under the deck to the high-pressure cylinder and supported by
hangers E. At the other end of this shaft is keyed a worm F which gears
into a worm-wheel F mounted on a horizontal shaft N at right angles to the
horizontal shaft M. The shaft N is suspended in front of the boiler by hangers H
and runs across the ship to the low pressure cylinder where the condenser is
placed.
On the main steam-pipe which supplies the high-pressure cylinder, there is
provided a supplementary valve a furnished with a horizontal spindle on which
is mounted a loose gear wheel R gearing into a pinion R', which is keyed on
the horizontal shaft M.
On the same valve spindle is mounted another valve adapted to establish
connexion between the boiler and the ejector so as to blow off steam simul-
taneously with its being shut off from the cylinders. On the shaft N are mounted
two arms P, which are respectively connected by rods Q to the handles S of a
tap or cock d on the pipe supplying the spray producer with oil and a tap or
cock on the pipe conducting water to the condenser.
The mechanism shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 6 differs from that shown in Figs. 1, 2
and 3 in so far that instead of two horizontal shafts M and N running along and
across the ship, there is only one horizontal shaft M; the spindle of the valve a
is in this case moved by means of bevel wheels, instead of spur wheels; the
injector tap 6 is closed and opened direct by the revolution of an oblique shaft Q¹
from the worm gear F, F and not as in the previous case by an arm 1', connecting
the rod Q and the handle S; a supplementary pipe provided with the valve d¹
which conducts steam to the furnace, branches off from the pipe connecting
the boiler and the ejector; lastly on account of the use of wood or coal instead
of oil, as in the previous example, the steam is conducted to the furnace by a
branch of the ejector pipe by means of the valve d¹.
By means of apparatus such as described the captain can, in case of emergency,
stop the ship independently of the men at the engines by suitably turning the
handle of the vertical shaft, whereby the horizontal shaft will be set in motion
as well as the other transmission shafts, and all the connected valves, taps, and
cocks will be moved to their proper position-i.e., the valve or valves supplying
the cylinders with steam will close; the valves for supplying steam to the
ejector and to the furnace (when wood or coal is used) will open, as will the
cock or tap for supplying water from the outside to the ejector; the steam-valve
and the oil tap or cock of the spray-producer (when the fuel used is oil) will
close, and, finally, the tap or cock of the pipe is closed which supplies water to
the condenser. The result of closing the said valves, cocks, and taps is that
the engines cease to work, the fire in the furnaces goes out, and the steam of
the boiler (when wood or coal is used as fuel) escapes through the ejector into
the water.
In case of emergency such as fire on board, or breakage of the main steam
pipe, the men at the engines hurry out of the engine room leaving the engines
working but by the aid of this invention the captain is able at any time to stop
the engines without assistance from the engine room, so that it will be often
found useful to apply the apparatus in practice for preventing shipwrecks and
collisions.

page_text: DIEVITICAIN.
Improvements in Apparatus for Stopping Engines and the Supply.
of Motive Fluid thereto.
I, BRONISLAS RATULD, of Ivanovskaya, 3, St. Petersburg, Russia, Engineer
and Technologist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for object to enable the captain of a steamer to stop the
vessel instantly and independently of the men at the engines.
According thereto there is arranged on the bridge of the steamer near or in
the wheel-house or at any other convenient part of the bridge, a stand for
supporting an upright shaft provided at its upper end with a hand-wheel or
the like. At the lower end of the said shaft which extends into the engine
room or other convenient part of the vessel, according to the arrangement of the
engines and other parts of the steamer, there is keyed a gear wheel. The said
shaft is held in a vertical position by the above mentioned stand and by guide
bearings provided for the purpose at suitable parts of the vessel. Connected with
this vertical shaft is a horizontal shaft having a gear wheel mounted on one
end of the latter. From this horizontal shaft, according to the arrangement
of the engine parts, movement can be transmitted (1) to a steam-valve which
controls the passage of steam from the boiler to the cylinders; (2) to the steam-
valve for allowing steam to pass out from the boiler through the ejector into
the outer air or into the water; (3) to the steam and oil valves (in the case of
heating the boiler by oil) conducting steam and oil to the spray-producers, or,
when wood or coal is used as fuel, only a steam valve controlling the passage of
steam from the boiler to the furnace and (4) to the water-valve conducting
water to the condenser of the engine. For operating the said valves there can
also be arranged auxiliary shafts, and in this case taps or cocks can be provided
instead of valves for the oil and water pipes.
On the steam pipe leading from the boiler, besides the usual two valves for
supplying steam to the high-pressure and low-pressure cylinders respectively,
both of which are controlled by the engineer, there is arranged a third valve,
which cannot be controlled by the engineer. On the spindle of this valve is
mounted a loose bevel or spur wheel in such a manner that, on turning the
corresponding bevel wheel or pinion, the spindle is caused to slide up or down
so as to open or close the valve and thereby to admit or shut off steam to or
from the cylinders. The said valve is advantageously placed as near as possible
to the boiler, so that in case of breakage of the main steam pipe the valve may
be closed from the bridge so as to prevent the possibility of injury to the men
at the engines.
On suddenly shutting off steam from the cylinders, while the fuel is yet burning,
it becomes necessary to prevent any excessive and dangerous rising of the steam
pressure. To effect this there is opened, simultaneously with the shutting of
the steam supply valve, a valve for allowing steam to pass out of the boiler
through the ejector into the outer air or into the water.
For this purpose the boiler is connected with the ejector by a special steam-pipe
provided with a valve on the spindle of which is mounted a wheel or pinion
geared to a corresponding pinion or wheel on the horizontal shaft so that, simul-
taneously with the closing of the valve or valves conducting steam into the
cylinders, the valve for discharging steam through the ejector is opened. The
latter valve may either be arranged independently, as above described, or be
connected with the valve or valves for admitting steam to the cylinder or

page_text: cylinders, so that, when the latter will be caused to shut off steam from the
cylinders, the former will discharge the steam through the ejector. For this
purpose both valves or both the valve or valves for admitting steam to the
cylinders, and the valve for controlling the passage to the ejector, are or may be
mounted on a common spindle.
When the boilers are heated with oil there is no necessity for an ejector,
for in this case by actuating the apparatus the fire in the furnace is at once
extinguished as hereinafter described.
For the further prevention of the rising of steam pressure in the boiler when
the steam is shut off from the cylinders, the fire in the furnace must be extin-
guished. For this reason, when the fuel employed is wood or coal, there is
arranged an auxiliary steam-pipe leading from the boiler to the furnace and
on this pipe a suitable valve is provided which like the foregoing valves, is
connected with the horizontal shaft either directly or by means of a similar
shaft. The connexion of the valve with the horizontal shaft is such, that on
operating the apparatus and shutting off the steam from the cylinders, the valve
simultaneously opens and consequently admits a small quantity of steam into the
furnace, whereby the inrush of air is reduced and the burning of the fuel caused
to cease gradually.
When oil is used for firing purposes by means of spray-producers, the apparatus
shuts off oil and steam from the furnace and thereby puts out the fire at once.
This is attained by means of a supplementary valve provided on the pipe
which supplies steam to the spray-producer, and a supplementary tap, cock, or
valve on the pipe conducting oil to the spray-producer. The said steam valve
and oil tap, cock, or valve are connected with the horizontal shaft either directly
or by another shaft in such a manner that, when steam is shut off from the
cylinders, both steam and oil are simultaneously shut off from the spray-
producer. In this case there is no necessity for shutting off steam from the
spray-producers.
In addition to the devices mentioned, in the case of compound engines or
engines with injector condensers, in order to prevent any damage to the low-
pressure cylinder due to the possible access of water, it is necessary when shutting
off steam from the cylinders at the same time to shut off the water from the
condenser. For this purpose the pipe conducting water to the condenser is
furnished with an additional valve, tap, or cock, as is most convenient. This
valve, tap, or cock is connected with the horizontal shaft and arranged so that
on shutting off steam from the cylinders the water is simultaneously cut off from
the condenser by the closing of the said valve, tap or cock.
In engines with surface condensers steam is shut off from the circulating
pump, which is thereby stopped.
The taps or cocks on the water and oil pipes are provided with levers for
transmitting movement direct from the horizontal shaft or from an intermediate
auxiliary shaft.
All the said apparatus are out of control of the men at the engines and can
be worked only from the bridge.
The drawings filed with my Provisional Specification represent two examples of
apparatus according to this invention. Figs. 1, 2, and 3 illustrate a steamer
provided with such apparatus, in plan and sections; and Figs. 4, 5 and 6
similarly illustrate a modification thereof adapted to a different engine arrange-
ment and to the use of coal or wood instead of liquid fuel as in the first example.
In the example shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, A is a vertical shaft supported by a
stand B and its upper end is provided with a handle C for turning it by hand;
its lower end, which is in the engine room, is furnished with a bevel-wheel D.
gearing into a similar wheel D¹, mounted on one end of a horizontal shaft M
carried along under the deck to the high-pressure cylinder and supported by
worm F which gears
hangers E. At the other end of this shaft is keyed a
into a worm-wheel F¹ mounted on a horizontal shaft N at right angles to the

page_text: horizontal shaft M. The shaft N is suspended in. front.of.the boiler by hangers H
and runs across the ship to the low pressure cylinder where the condenser is
placed.
- LL
.
On the main steam-pipe which supplies. the high-pressure cylinder, there is
provided a supplementary valve a furnished with a horizontal spindle on. which
is mounted a loose gear wheel R gearing into a pinion.R', which is keyed on
the horizontal shaft. M.
:.
.
On the same valve spindle is mounted another valve adapted to establish
connexion between the boiler and the ejector so as to blow off steam simul-
taneously with its being shut off from the cylinders. On the shaft N are mounted
two arms P, which are respectively connected by rods Q to the handles S. of a
tap or cock d on the pipe supplying the spray producer with oil and a. tap or
cock c on the pipe conducting water to the condenser.
The mechanism shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 6 differs from that shown in Figs. 1, 2
and 3 in so far that instead of two horizontal shafts M and N running along and
across the ship, there is only one horizontal shaft M; the spindle of the valve a
is in this case moved by means of bevel wheels, instead of spur wheels; the
injector tap bis closed and opened direct by the revolution of an oblique shaft Q¹
from the worm gear F, F¹ and not as in the previous case by an arm P, connecting
the rod and the handle S; a supplementary pipe provided with the valve di
which conducts steam to the furnace, branches off from the pipe connecting
the boiler and the ejector; lastly on account of the use of wood or coal instead
of oil, as in the previous example, the steam is conducted to the furnace by a
branch of the ejector pipe by means of the valve d¹.
By means of apparatus such as described the captain can, in case of emergency,
stop the ship independently of the men at the engines by suitably turning the
handle of the vertical shaft, whereby the horizontal shaft will be set in motion
as well as the other transmission shafts, and all the connected valves, taps, and
cocks will be moved to their proper position .e., the valve or valves supplying
the cylinders with steam will close; the valves for supplying steam to the
ejector and to the furnace (when wood or coal is used) will open; the steam-valve
and the oil tap or cock of the spray-producer (when the fuel used is oil) will
close, and, finally, the tap or cock of the pipe is closed which supplies water
to the condenser. The result of closing the said valves, cocks, and taps is that
the engines cease to work, the fire in the furnaces goes out, and the steam of the
boiler (when wood or coal is used as fuel) escapes through the ejector into the
water.
In case of emergency such as fire on board, or breakage of the main steam
pipe, the men at the engines hurry out of the engine room leaving the engines
working but by the aid of this invention the captain is able at any time to stop
the engines without assistance from the engine room, so that it will be often
found useful to apply the apparatus in practice for preventing shipwrecks and
collisions.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. Apparatus such as described whereby the movement of a steamship can
be stopped independently of the men at the engines.
2. In apparatus such as referred to in the preceding claim adapted to be used
with a furnace or furnaces fired with solid fuel connecting and arranging the
various parts of the apparatus in such a manner that when steam is shut off from
the cylinders the supply of steam from the boiler or boilers to the cylinder
or cylinders is stopped, steam from the boiler will be caused or allowed to
escape to the atmosphere or into the water surrounding the vessel and steam.
will be admitted to the furnace or furnaces, and, if a condenser or condensers be
used, it or they will be thrown out of action substantially as described.

page_text: 3. The modified arrangement adapted to be used with a furnace or furnaces
fired with liquid fuel in which when steam is shut off from the cylinder the
supply of fuel to the furnace or furnaces will also be stopped, substantially as
described.
4. Apparatus for stopping engines and the supply of steam thereto constructed
arranged and operating substantially as shewn in and described with reference
to the drawings filed with my Provisional Specification.
Dated this 23rd day of October 1899.
F. WISE HOWORTH,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.