IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR STOPPING BOTTLES OR OTHER HOLLOW ARTICLES, AND IN SOME OF THE APPLIANCES OR MAYUD On SHAUT Ob OTRD ROTEL DO"
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Dan Rylands, of Stairfoot, Ardsley, near Barnsley, in the
County of York, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR STOPPING
BOTTLES OR OTHER HOLLOW ARTICLES, AND IN SOME OF THE APPLIANCES OR
MAYUD
On SHAUT Ob OTRD ROTEL DO"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Dan Rylands at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th May 1880.
DAN RYLANDS, of Stairfoot, Ardsley, near Barnsley, in the County of York.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR STOPPING BOTTLES OR OTHER HOLLOW ARTICLES,
AND IN SOME OF THE APPLIANCES OR APPARATUS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
SUCH OR OTHER BOTTLES."
In carrying out my said Invention I employ, as heretofore, a stopper or cover
preferentially of glass, but which may be made of any other suitable substance.
In the Specification of Letters Patent, No. 4839, A.D. 1878, granted to me, I
describe stoppers having grooves formed on underside thereof to receive india
rubber washers, but for some stoppers I would, according to these my present
improvements, serrate such grooves, thus causing them to have small ridges or
teeth to better retain the said washer in its right or proper position. By this or
other suitable arrangement I fasten to bottom of stopper a washer or ring of india
rubber, cork, or other suitable substance. On top of stopper, and as near to the
outside edge as suitablo, I form indents or holes, varying in number from two
upwards, according to size of the mouth of bottle or jar. Said indents may vary in
shape according to requirements.
I also form corresponding holes or indents in suitable position on outside of
either the neck or the mouth of bottle.
The clips for fastening said stoppers into said bottles consist of small pieces of
brass, iron, or other suitable substance, and are preferably made in shape thus ☐ .
I take as many of such clips as there are indents on top of stopper and press top
part of said clips into said indents. I then press stopper into air tight position in
bottle mouth, and the clips being of suitable length the bottom portion can be
pressed into indents on bottle mouth or neck, and thus they hold stopper firmly in
air tight position. To open a bottle thus stopped it is only necessary to insert a
077

page_text: sardine knife or other pointed instrument between bottom portions of clips and
neck or mouth of bottle, when the clips are at once forced out and stopper released.
The stoppers may have small slot holes or recesses formed at top for top portion of
clip to lay in, and at end of these recesses the indents.
Another portion of my Invention consists of arrangements to get these or other
bottles regular in length, and for this object I make improvements in that part of
the apparatus used in bottle making technically called the catcher box or tray, on
which the bottle is knocked or broken off from the pipe. This catcher box, as now
made, is generally an iron tray almost semi-circular in shape. At one end is a piece
of sheet iron fixed vertically, on the edge of which the bottle neck is rolled. The
water for cutting off the bottle is applied by means of a chisel shaped tool called a
mullett. The other end of this catcher box is quite open, so that the person
breaking off the bottle has no guide except the mould mark for keeping bottle
exactly true.
Now according to my improved arrangements I either apply or supply water to
edge of vertical end of catcher box, on which edge the bottle neck is rolled, and
thus by means of this wet edge the bottle is cut off from pipe end. At other end
of catcher box I arrange a stop piece of sheet iron or other suitable substance,
which either by a screw arrangement, or lever, or other suitable arrangement can
be fixed at the exact distance to suit any length of bottle. This stop piece forms
an exact guide in rolling the bottle to wet it off, and thus every bottle is cut or
broken off true and level. My improved catcher box may have two compartments
instead of one, the first being as above described, and the other being open at the
end corresponding with bottom of bottle, so that after the bottle has been passed
over first compartment and thus wet for breaking off it can be passed into second
compartment for bottle maker to pick it up in his pontil. For some kinds of bottles
or jars, where it is desirable to blow the top ring of same in the neck of mould
(instead of casting it on after the bottle has been wet off), I would have fixed in
suitable position in second part of the catcher box a plug the shape that the inside
of mouth of bottle is required to be, and by suitable means cause such plug to
rotate, and the bottle being brought up firmly against it by means of a pontil head,
worked by a lever or other suitable arrangement, the inside of mouth could by the
plug thus be formed.
The pontil head would be placed at end of the second compartment of catcher
box. Or the pontil head might be caused to rotate as well as plug, or the plug
might be stationary.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Dan Rylands in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 24th November
1880.
"
DAN RYLANDS, of Stairfoot, Ardsley, near Barnsley, in the County of York.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR STOPPING BOTTLES OR OTHER HOLLOW ARTICLES,
AND IN SOME OF THE APPLIANCES OR APPARATUS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
SUCH OR OTHER BOTTLES."
In carrying out my said Invention I employ as heretofore a stopper or cover
preferentially of glass, but which may be made of any other suitable substance.
In the Specification of Letters Patent, No. 4839, A.D. 1878, granted to me I
describe stoppers having grooves formed on under side thereof to receive india
rubber washers, but for some stoppers I would according to these my present
improvements form grooves so as to better retain the said washers in their right or
proper position. By this or other suitable arrangement I fasten to bottom of
stoppers washers or rings of india rubber, cork, or other suitable substance. On
top of stopper and as near to the outside edge as suitable I form indents or holes,
varying in number from two upwards, according to size of mouth of bottle or jar;
said indents may vary in shape according to requirements. I also form corre-
sponding holes or indents in suitable position on outside of either the neck or the
mouth of bottle. The clips for fastening said stoppers into said bottles consist of
small pieces of brass, iron, or other suitable substance, and are preferably made in
shape thus ☐ I take as many of such clips as there are indents in top of stopper
and press top part of said clips into said indents. I then press stopper into air-
tight position in bottle moutli, and the clips being of suitable length the bottom
portion can be pressed into indents on bottle mouth or neck, and thus they hold
stopper firmly in air tight position. To open a bottle thus stopped it is only
necessary to insert a sardine knife or other pointed instrument between bottom
portions of clips and neck or mouth of bottle, when the clips are at once forced out
and stopper released. The stoppers may have small slot holes or recesses formed
at top for top portion to lay in, and at end of these recesses the indents; and I
have found in practice that when it is desired to keep stopper attached to bottle
after bottle has been opened, and to prevent the clips being lost, it is preferable to
use wire to hold stopper and clips to bottle. Another portion of my Invention
consists of arrangements to get these or other bottles regular in length,. and for
this object I make improvements in that part of the apparatus used in bottle
making technically called the catcher or casher box or tray, on which the bottle is
knocked or broken off from the pipe. This catcher box as now made is generally
an iron tray almost semicircular in shape. At one end is a piece of sheet iron
fixed vertically, on the edge of which the bottle neck is rolled. The water for
cutting off the bottle is applied by means of a chisel shaped tool called a mullett.
The other end of this catcher box is quite open, so that the person breaking off the
bottle has no guide except the mould mark for keeping bottle exactly true.
according to my improved arrangements I either apply or supply water to edge of
vertical end of catcher box, on which edge the bottle neck is rolled, and thus by
means of this wet edge the bottle is cut off from pipe end. At other end of catcher
box I arrange a stop piece of sheet iron or other suitable substance, which either
by a screw arrangement or lever or other suitable arrangement can be fixed at the
exact distance to suit any length of bottle. This stop piece forms an exact guide
in rolling the bottle to wet it off, and thus every bottle is broken off true and level.
My improved catcher box may have two compartments instead of one, the first
being as above described, and the other being open at the end corresponding with
Now

page_text: The portion 6º, 6º, of bottom of stopper may be made of shape shown, thus adapting
it to suit shape of mouth shown in Figs. 18 and 19. Fig. 24 shows ends c³, c², of
portions c¹, c', of clips fastened under bottle neck instead of on stopper, and
portions c³, c, of said clips passed into indents a¹, a', formed on top of stopper, as
shown. Any other of my improved arrangements may, when so preferred and
suitable, be in like mannor partially or wholly reversed, or changed, or combination
altered, as will be well understood. Figs. 25 and 26 are section and clevation of
stopper B, showing recess continued across the top of stopper, with indents b¹, b',
as shown. The said recess may be of dovetailed shape. Across its centre may be
formed a small bridge b in the glass, which serves to secure portion c* (Fig. 27)
with clips attached to stopper. Fig. 27 shows connection c¹ (which may be made
of tin, spring steel, chain, or other substance which will easily yield) fastened to
portions c¹, c, of clips c so as to prevent such clips being lost when stopper is
released. Fig. 28 is plan of stopper showing holes b', b', b, b', formed through
stopper, one hole being at each side of each recess; Figs. 28 to 34a show various
modifications of my said Invention, which are of special application where it is
desired to keep stopper and clips attached to bottle after the bottle has been
opened; Fig. 28ª shows one of the clips c with the portion c2 holed or looped, and
a loop or hole c7 formed on portion c³, as shown; Fig. 28b shows the other clip c
with top portion c² looped or holed, and a small perpendicular or vertical portion c
attached to or forming part of underside of portion c³; Fig. 29 shows loop es made
of wire or other suitable substance, and of such proportions that the ends will fit
into holes 66, 66, and bend back again or rivet on underside of stopper; Fig. 30 is
section of bottle neck showing stopper in an air tight position; Figs. 31 and 31°
show stopper B having top portion made of a somewhat similar shape to one of the
stoppers shown and described in the Specification of my Invention for which Letters
Patent, No. 4839, A.D. 1878, were granted me. An annular groove 68 is formed
about the centre of top portion of stopper, and the recesses b', b', are formed across
or through such groove, one on each side of stopper, such recesses being the right
size for the looped or holed end c² of clips c (Figs. 28 and 28b) to rest or take a
bearing in. Through these looped or holed ends c² a piece of wire is passed and
secured in annular groove 6s on stopper. In this arrangement the clip c having
loop or hole c may be secured to bottle neck in manner above described and
shown with reference to portion c³ of clip (Fig. 30); Fig. 32 shows stopper with two
projections 6º, 69, on top grooved at 6, 6, or such projections may be formed at side
of stopper if so preferred, and Figs. 33 and 34 are elevation and plan of clips to suit
such stopper. One of these clips may be looped or holed (as shown at c7, in Fig. 34a)
so as to allow of a piece of wire being passed through such loop or hole to secure
it in the annular groove on bottle neck (Fig. 14), as shown (Fig. 30), so as to allow
of a piece of wire being passed through such loop or hole to secure it in the annular
groove on bottle neck (Fig. 10), as shown (Fig. 30). It will be clearly understood
with reference to the modifications comprised in Figs. 28 to 34ª that the clips in each
case take a direct bearing on bottle and on stopper, so that they will of themselves
hold stopper air tight to bottle, it being only necessary to apply wire where it is
desired to keep clips and stopper attached to bottle when bottle is opened. Figs. 35
and 36 are respectively a half section of bottle mould and of jar mould showing the
way in which I make these moulds for forming the indents or the outside groove on
bottle mouth when such are formed during the process of blowing or pressing.
These moulds are made and fixed together in the ordinary way of making and
fixing together such moulds, as will be well understood, so that I only show one half
mould of each, the other half being made to suit the half shown. K is body of half
bottle or jar mould, k¹ being one of the projections fixed or formed in such mould
to form required indent on outside of bottle mouth; or the projection or raised
portion may be continued all around the mould, thus forming groove all round the
neck of bottle or jar, as will be well understood; or, as shown (ka, k², Fig. 30), the
mould for bottle or jar may be recessed or ledged at top, where mouth of bottle or

page_text: jar is formed, thus causing a square or level ledge to be formed on underside of
mouth of bottle or jar. Figs. 37, 38, and 39 are respectively elevation, plan, and
section of improved "catcher" or "casher" box, made of iron or other suitable
metal, in which the plate e is formed (shape shown in section at Fig. 40), having
portion e¹ hollowed out for the water to pass through, the top edges e² being sharp
and brought close enough together to only allow water to pass through in very
small quantity. A water supply pipe e is at one end connected to hollow portion e',
and at the other to vessel c', which vessel is placed at a suitable elevation. The
tap e regulates flow of water from vessel e; or the pipe e³ may, instead of being
connected to vessel e³, be connected from underside to water pipes laid along the
workshop floor, and supplied with water from the mains. Surplus water flows
down plate e into movable vessel e', which vessel may be emptied as often as need
be into elevated vessel e. f is portion of catcher box, over which bottle is rolled.
fis stop piece regulated by screw f, which works in nut f³, and is adjusted by
handle f The stop pieco f¹ has a cross piece f³, as shown in section, Fig. 41,
which said cross piece is adjustable by screw and nut fe, working in slot f. gis
portion of catcher box into which bottle drops after being rolled over top of plate e.
g is pontil head or claw of a suitable shape for holding bottles. 92 is hollow shaft,
as shewn in section, Fig. 43, to which pontil head is attached. is movable
carriage or bearing for shaft g². g, g', are slides for said carriage to work in. g³ is
stationary carriage for bearing shaft g2, in which the bearing g³ revolves with the
hollow shaft g. 97 is short lever working on fulcrum g³, and connected to rod gº,
such rod having handle go gll is stationary rod, as shown in section, Fig. 43,
around which hollow shaft g revolves. 12 is screw for regulating tray g (as shown
in section, Fig. 44), so as to adapt said tray to various diameters of bottles. / is
handle to revolve plug h, and h², h², are spur or friction wheels which revolve
shaft h³. hª, h³, h, are three mitre wheels for revolving shaft h³. 7, 7º, are spur
wheels for revolving hollow shaft g². is a piece of flat metal working on joint i'.
2 is portion of tray or catcher box into which bottle rolls clear of pontil after being
made. 3, 3, are the two dies adjusted by the nuts and screws (as shown in Figs.
42 & 42a) working in slot holes in plate 18. is the standard fixed to front of
tray g, which standard (as shown in section, Fig. 42) carries the dies is, is, by
attached rod 18, 18, which is worked by the lever . In performing or carrying out
my said Invention I first form (preferentially during the process of blowing,
pressing, or making) on the outside of the neck of bottle or jar two or more indents
a', a', as shown (Figs. 1, 2, and 3), it being understood that these indents may be
any desired shape, and that such indents are formed in the glass stopper by suitably
shaped raised portions or projections in iron or metal stopper mould in which the
stoppers aro cast or pressed. To form these indents during the process of blowing
or pressing I insert into each half of mould a projection k, as shown in Fig. 35, the
said projection being shape I require each indent on bottle neck to be. It will be
understood that shape of such mould will be varied according to shape of bottle or
jar required to be made out of it, and that where more than two indents are required
in bottle neck an increase in number of projections in mould will be necessary.
I then take stopper (Figs. 4, 5, and 6) having indents b', b', formed on top thereof,
as shown, it being understood that such indents may be either round, square, or
any other suitable shape, and any required number. Into groove 63 of said stopper
I place the india-rubber washer, Figs. 9 and 9ª, and I then take cork washers (Figs.
10 and 10), which has hole same size as straight portion b of stopper, and by
steeping said washer in hot water or steaming it, it is rendered sufficiently pliable to
be forced over swell 65 without cracking, and after it has become dry the said swell
holds it on. By the same process the cork in Fig. 11° is fixed on the peg of stopper,
as shown. On pressing stopper into bottle mouth the cork washer is pressed upon
ledge a² and the india rubber washer upon ledge a³, and thus a thoroughly secure air-
tight joint is formed, and each joint being vertically formed there is not the amount of
friction on either the rubber or cork that there would be in forming a lateral or side

page_text: wise air tight joint. Whilst stopper is thus in air tight position, I take clips a
(Figs. 7 and 8), and insert the portions c², c, into indents b', b¹, on top of stopper,
and bring portions c³, c³, of said clips into indents a', a¹, in bottle mouth, and
thus hold stopper securely in air tight position, as shown (Figs. 12 and 13). To
open a bottle or jar thus closed, it is only necessary to insert the point of a sardine
knife or other sharp pointed instrument between lower portion of clip c (Fig. 12)
and bottle mouth, and with a slight pressure the portions e³, c³, of clip c are forced
clear of indents a', a¹, thus setting stopper at liberty. Or, as shewn (Figs. 14 and
15), an annular external groove a³ may be formed round outside of bottle mouth,
and the portions c³, c³, of clip c be inserted into such groove, instead of into indents
αι, α'.
I would here remark that the special shape and arrangement of stopper
peg, and of means for securely attaching india-rubber and cork washers thereto,
hereinbefore described with reference to peg b², groove b³, straight portion b*, and
swell 66, is equally applicable to my Invention for improvements in means for
stopping bottles previously mentioned. Where it is preferred to form the annular
external groove a¹ (Fig. 14) during process of blowing or pressing, it is only
necessary to continue projection k¹ (Fig. 35) all round inside of each half of bottle
mould (as will be well understood). When such groove is formed during process
of putting ring on or making, it is only necessary to use with the tools dies the
proper shape for making what is known in the trade as a square split ring. The
form of stopper shown (Figs. 16 and 17), in which recesses b', b, are made to allow
portions c¹, c,'of clip c to lay level with top of stopper, as shown. Fig. 10 is best.
adapted for this externally grooved mouth. Or, as shown (Figs. 18 and 19), tho
outside circular ring of mouth of bottle may be formed with a flat underside a³,
against which the portions c³, c³, of clips c will take a secure bearing. Where it is
preferred to form such flat underside a³ during the process of blowing or pressing,
I form a ledge ², as shown (Fig. 36), in each half of mould, and when bottle or jar is
blown or pressed this ledge forms the flat underside. It will be well understood that
moulds with either ledges or projections may be used for either bottles or jars.
The top of stopper may be inclined or bevilled inwards, as shown at 66, 6, (Figs. 20
and 21) thus dispensing with the indents 61, 61, where so preferred. Such incline
or bevil may be at any suitable angle, and the portions c¹, c', (Figs. 22 & 23)
would then be inclined to suit such angle. The top of stopper may be recessed
for portions c¹, c¹, of clip to lay in. The middle of top of stopper may also be
dished, as shown (b³, b³, Figs. 20 and 21), thus making stoppers lighter and
economizing material, and I would here remark that where it is any advantage so
to do, I would have the tops of all my stoppers dished out. Or, as shown (Figs. 25
and 26), a recess 10 may be formed across centre of top of stopper, between the
two indents b', b¹, and receive the connecting piece c¹ (Fig. 27), which secures the
two clips c, c, together as shown, thus preventing them being lost. Referring to
Figs. 14 and 15, showing portion a² of bottle mouth dished, and also the annular
ledge as formed at the top thereof, this shape of mouth may have adapted to it
the under portion 62 of stopper (Figs. 16 and 17), and also on this under portion
a groove bs may be formed to fit the washer into. The shape of mouth shown
(Figs. 18 and 19) will be most useful where it is preferred to grind stopper shown
(Figs. 20 and 21) into bottle mouth, and thus form an air tight joint without
having to use india rubber or cork washer. Referring to my present arrangements
for shaping the cork strips for large sized bottles, so as the more effectually to
secure with them a perfectly air tight joint, I either cut the ends as shown at
d', d', Fig. 11, or Fig. 11ª. I mortise the end d², and tenon the end ³, so that
when the cork strip is brought into circular position, either the ends d', d', over-
lap each other, as shown in elevation Fig. 11b, or the tenon d³ is brought into
mortise d², and thus instead of a straight joint, which is rarely if ever air tight on
the feather edge, joining which it is difficult to get level, either of my present
arrangements much more easily and effectually secures a smooth and perfectly
air-tight joint when cork strip is cemented on stopper. Referring to Fig. 24,

page_text: showing portions c³, c³, of clips inserted into indents a', a¹, formed on top of stopper
instead of on bottle, and the portions c², c³, of clips inserted into indents or groove
formed on underside of mouth or ring of bottle, thus reversing or changing the
arrangements described (Figs. 1 to 13), I would here remark that when suitable
and it is preferred so to do, any of the arrangements herein described
may be in like manner wholly or partially reversed. Referring to Figs. 28,
28, 28b, 29 and 30, I take stopper (Fig. 28) having holes 67, 67, formed
vertically through stopper at side of each recess, and I take clips (Figs. 28" and
28b) and press loops (Fig. 29) through small holes in c³, and pass ends of said loops
through holes 67, 67, in stopper, and bend or rivet them back on underside
of stopper. I then press stopper into air tight position, and bring portions c³, c³, of
clips c into annular groove on bottle mouth, thus, securely holding stopper in air
tight position. Where it is preferred to keep stopper attached to bottle, this may
be done by passing a piece of wire or other suitable substance through hole c', and
fastening such wire in annular groove at on bottle neck. The small perpendicular
or vertical portion c³ may be used where it will help the more readily to release
stopper from its air tight position. Referring to Figs. 31 and 31, which show
another arrangement for securely attaching clips to stopper, I take stopper with
annular groove 6s formed thereon, and having recesses b', 6' formed one at each side
of stopper, I pass into each recess the portion c¹ of clip c, having looped or holed
end as shown. Through each loop or hole I pass a piece of wire or other suitable
substance, and then fasten such wire securely into groove 68 on stopper, thus
attaching clips to stopper, and stopper may, if preferred, be securely attached to bottle,
as previously described and illustrated with reference to Fig. 30. Referring to
Figs. 32, 33, and 34, the portions c', c' of clips c are in circular form, as shown
(Fig. 34), each circle being just size to pass over top portion of projections 6º, 6º, of
stopper B (Fig. 32). They are thus passed over and then compressed into groove
9, 68, so that whilst working backwards and forwards therein; they still remain
securely attached to stopper. Referring to Figs. 37, 38, and 39, in which I show
arrangement of improved catcher box, I first fill the elevated vessel c (which may
be placed at any suitable height) with water, which passes along pipe e³ and is
regulated in its flow by tap c. The water in pipe e enters the hollow portion c¹,
shown in section Fig. 40, and works along said hollow portion. This hollow portion
is stopped at end c8, and the pressure gained by vessel being clevated causes
water to work up between the edges e², e, which edges are brought so closely
together as to only allow the water to work out just fast enough to keep said edges
constantly wet; whatever overflow of water there may be runs down plate e
into movable vessel c'. I fix the distance plate f¹ to the required length of the
bottles about to be made, adjusting said plate by the screw f, which works in
nut f³, and is rotated by handle f. I then fix cross piece fs to height to suit
diameter of bottle or jar. I then take blow pipe m with bottle attached, as it usually
leaves the bottle-blower's hands, and bring bottom portion of bottle against distance
plate f, at same time bringing neck of bottle at point where it has to be wet off
upon the wet edges e², e², of vertical plate e and rotating blow pipe m. I roll said
neck across the edges e2 of vertical plate e, and by the time bottle is rolled to
point es, it has been sufficiently wet to break off and drop into tray g. The cross
piece f, which is parallel with the vertical plate e, assists to keep the bottle in true
position by preventing it oscillating at the bottom. Where it is preferred to
dispense with the distance plate, I would have top portion of mould above where
mouth is formed hollowed out sufficiently to blow what is technically called a
flange, or I would have a cutter in the mould neck, either of which arrangements
would secure a good guide for length of bottle. Where mouth or ring of bottle is
cast on by the bottle-maker in the usual way, the tray g is left with end next to
bottle maker open, so that he can pick up the bottle in his pontil, as will be well
understood. Where it is not convenient or desirable to supply water to edges of
plate e by the means I have described, any other suitable means may be adopted.

page_text: Where it is only required to keep edge of plate e cold to break the bottle off, I
would have a constant supply of cold water running through groove or channel e¹,
but portions e, e, welded or hermetically fastened together. In such case the said
channel would be open at e8 and continued by pipe to vessel e. Or the edge e³ of
plate e may be kept cold by a constant current of cold air being passed through
channel e¹, or by other suitable means. Or if it be preferred instead of supplying
to apply water, cotton-waste or other suitable substance may be dipped in water
and passed over edge of plate e as often as may be required. By this last
described arrangement the plate e would simply be a straight piece of sheet
iron or other suitable metal without the hollow portion e. Where it is preferred
to blow the ring or mouth of bottle in the mould, I place on portion g of catcher
box (Figs. 37, 38, and 39) pontil head g¹, attached to the hollow shaft g².
This pontil head is in position shown at Fig. 38 when bottle is rolled into plate g.
By pushing the handle go the pontil head g is pushed onto the bottle, as shown in
section (Fig. 39), bringing mouth of bottle upon plug h¹ at same time by pushing
lever, the dies 13, 13, are brought down in right position upon neck of bottle, thus
keeping outside of mouth of bottle the required shape. The plug h' is caused to
rotate by turning handle h. The shaft ¹ on which plug is moulded works the
friction wheels h³, h², thus giving contrary revolution to shaft h³. The mitre
wheels * drive the shaft h5, revolving spur or friction wheels h, so that the pontil g'
is revolved in a contrary direction to the plug h¹, thus properly forming inside of bottlo
mouth. Where it is necessary to warm or heat the said bottle mouth before causing
it to revolve on the plug and dies, I would either have what is technically called a
glory hole in the furnace side for this purpose, and have the bottle picked up in
pontil as soon as it has passed over wet portion e² of catcher box, or I would have a
gas jet so fixed to catcher box that it could be made to give off the required. heat
to the bottle mouth by the blowpipe arrangement (such as is used by the fancy glass-
workers), or by other suitable arrangement. Where it is preferred to dispense with
the 3 mitre wheels 4, I would substitute in place of the spur or friction wheels h², h³,
two chain or strap pulleys; or, if preferred, such chain or strap pulleys could be in
place of spur wheels, he As soon as the bottle and plug have been rotated
sufficiently to form mouth the lever is pulled back, thus lifting dies is, is, from
bottle mouth, and at the same time the handle glo is pulled, drawing pontil head
with bottle clear of the plug h¹. By the hollow shaft g2 sliding on fixed shaft gl
such fixed shaft forces bottle out of pontil head, and the bottle falls upon plate or
way g, and the plate i being moved to the right leaves way clear for bottle to roll
into portion of tray ³, and it is then ready to be taken to annealing kiln. The
fixed shaft g may be altered by means of set screw g₁ to the length requisite for
adapting it to suit the various lengths of bottles. Where it is preferred to drive
the pontil head and plug by steam power instead of hand power, the same may
easily be done by substituting a pulley for handle h, and connecting same to driving
shaft by a chain or belt strap, as will be well understood.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I have to state that I
do not restrict myself to the precise details herein described or delineated, but what
I claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein before in part recited Letters
Patent are,
(1.) The peculiar construction, arrangement, and application in combination of
stoppers and clips, and their adaptation with suitably shaped mouths or necks of
bottles or jars for securing improvements in means for stopping bottles or other
hollow articles, substantially as herein before set forth and described, and as
illustrated in Figs. 1 to 34a of the accompanying Drawings.
(2.) The arrangement of wet plate to catcher or casher box, substantially_as
bereinbefore set forth and described and illustrated by Figs. 37 to 41, or any similar
suitable arrangement whereby water is supplied or applied to the plate c of catcher
or casher box, substantially as herein described.

page_text: (3.) The arrangement for finishing mouths of bottles, substantially as herein before
set forth and described and illustrated by Figs. 37 to 44, or any mere modification
thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Dan Rylands, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Twelfth day of November, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty.
Witness,
GEORGE KNOWTHORPE,
Oaks Colliery,
Barnsley.
DAN RYLANDS. (Ls.)