IMPROVEMENTS IN BALING PRESSES
Year: 1884

page_text: COMELLIE
DIECIFICATION.
I, HERBERT JOHN ALLISON, of the firm of Allison Brothers, Patent Agents, of
52 Chancery Lane, London, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BALING PRESSES," and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :—
My Invention relates to that class of baling presses in which a sweep lever is
employed with mechanism for imparting to the platen a reciprocating movement.
And it consists of the parts and devices and combinations and arrangements of
devices hereinafter described and set forth.
The objects of my Invention are to provide means for guiding the compressed
material from the pressing chamber through the baling chamber to its exit without
bending or buckling under the pressure of the platen; also to provide a cog gear
lever pressing mechanism which will be cheap in construction, simple in its parts,
efficient in its operations and not liable to get out of order, and be operated by the
vibrating movements of a sweep lever; also to provide mechanism which will hold
the sweep lever from sagging or moving out of a horizontal plane, also to provide
elastic dogs for operating with sections of material to hold the same from moving
back, and further to provide a friction mechanism which will operate with the
sweep lever at the time of each movement of the same past its point of centre of
motion for preventing a rebound of said lever when the platen has finished its full
length of forward thrust against the material being compressed.
I attain these objects by means of the devices and combination of devices
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings forming a part of my Specification, in
which:-
Figure 1 represents a plan view of a baling press embodying my improvements.
Figure 2, is a side elevation of the same. Figure 3, is a horizontal sectional view
of a side or section thereof and showing the retaining dogs of the press taken at
line 1. 1. in Figure 4.
=
Figure 4 is a cross sectional view through a side of the press at line 2. 2. in
Figure 2, showing the retaining dogs. Figure 5 is a plan view of the gear lever

page_text: mechanism for operating the platen. Figure 6 is a rear end elevation of the press.
Figure 7 is a front end elevation of the press. Figure 8 is a sectional elevation of
the friction mechanism for preventing a rebound of the sweep lever taken at
line 3, 3, in Figure 1 and line 4, 4, in Figure 2. Figure 9 is a sectional and
detail view on an enlarged scale of the same taken at line 5, 5, in Figure 8.
The same letters of reference refer to similar parts throughout the several
views.
In the Drawings A, A, represent the bottom sills of the press; A¹, A¹, are the
top plates, A the vertical side post, and A³ the drop bars. These pieces are joined
together and are securely held by bolts or any proper manner as practised by the
trade, and together form the frame work of the press body.
B is the platen chamber in which platen P (shown by dotted lines in Figure 2)
is moved in a reciprocating manner, and C is the baling chamber.
The platen chamber has its vertical top and bottom sides made close or
substantially tight by side linings or boards as is the practice of the trade, and the
top and bottom side of this chamber is continued to the baling chamber and
extended to the rear end thereof as shown by dotted lines in Figure 2. The
portion of top lining a forming the top wall of the baling chamber is unsupported
and disconnected in its entire length from the rear end of the platen chamber to
the rear end of the baling chamber, so as to be free to be deflected toward bottom
lining a by means of mechanism heretofore employed and not forming a part of
this Invention.
The sills A, A, and platen A¹, A¹, are made with a greater extension in their
vertical direction than in their horizontal direction as shown in Figure 6, and top
living a, is so arranged in relation to plate A' that the lower surfaces of said top
lining will be on a horizontal plane about two inches more or less above a line
drawn with the horizontal plane of the lower side of said top plates illustrated in
Figure 6.
Bottom lining a¹ is arranged in such a relation to sills A¹ that the
upper surface
of said bottom lining will be on a horizontal plane about two inches more or less
below a line (Y) drawn with the plane of the upper side surface of said sills as
shown in the said Figure. By these arrangements of the top and bottom linings a, a,
with sills or plates A, A', the portion of the inuer and oppositely located sides a², a³,
of said sills and plates are made to project inward from the inner side surface of
the respective linings and form guides or ways by which the compressed material
will be held from buckling in the baling chambers and be guided through to an
exit at the rear end of the press, while at the same time a saving of material and
cost of construction is effected.
Located at the end of the platen chamber B next to baling chamber C and in
the sides of the press are series of elastic retaining dogs T, T, which work in
openings u, u, made through the side timbers and lining of the press. These dogs
are shown in Figures 3 and 4 and are each provided with a bevel head t¹ which is
arranged with the straight side towards the baling chamber and its bevel running
back towards the platen chamber. These dogs are each made elastic by springs 81
and held against plate u secured to the outer side of the press as shown in said
Figures.
Each vertical side of baling chamber is provided with a single opening o extended
horizontal from the rear end of the platen chamber to the rear end of the baling
chamber, and in a vertical direction from the lower sido surface of top plate A¹ to
the upper side surface of sill A. Through these side openings o, o, a bale inay be
bound with any desired number of bands in an easy and convenient manner.
D is the feed hopper communicating to the platen chamber through opening b.
Hinged to the rear end or side of platen P is platen arm E shown in Figures 1, 2,
and 5, which arm is pivoted at its opposite end to the short lever F. Lever F
forms with arm E a toggle lever which operates to give to the platen a reciprocating
movement. The opposite end of lever F consists of short limb F1 of a semi-
elliptical form and provided on its face edge with teeth c as shown. This lever

page_text: with its toothed elliptical formed head I prefer to make as a single piece though it
may be made in parts and screwed together. It is pivoted by vertical pin or
shaft d to the frame of the press, the upper and lower ends thereof being held
in proper bearings made with cross plates e, e, which are secured to the timbers of
the press on stationary pieces attached thereto.
Lever F is operated by sweep lever G pivoted to the frame work of the pross by
vertical bolts held in proper bearings made with cross plates e¹, e¹, securely
attached to the frame work or stationary pieces secured thereto. The short limb G¹
of this sweep lever is made with a semicircle form and provided on its face edge
with teeth c¹ corresponding with teeth c of short limb of lever F. The short
limb F of lever F is shown to be the half of an ellipse taken in its longest
direction and short limb G' of sweep lever G is shown to be half of a circle in
form with the pivot f situated relatively eccentrical thereto.
These forms of the short arms of levers F and G together with the relative
situation of their respective pivots operate to produce in each of said short arms
a progressively varying extension of length from said pivots. In short limb F¹ of
lever F the shortest length from its pivot outward will be in direction of lines 2
and its greatest length will bo in direction of lines y coincident with a line drawn
longitudinally from end to end of lever F through the centre thereof; in short
limb G of lever G the change of length of extension of the portions of said limb
is reversed; that is to say the shortest length of extension from the pivot of
lever G is on a line coincidont with a line drawn longitudinally through the centre
of that lever as line x; while the greatest extension will be at an angle with line a
and in direction of lines w, w, and the length of extension of limb F¹ of lever F
gradually increases as the toothed edge runs forward from lines & to line y and
gradually lessens as it runs in an opposite direction from line y. On the other hand
the length of extension of limb GP of lever G gradually lessens when the toothed
edge runs rearward from lines w, w, to line, and is gradually increased when
running from line to line w, w. When levers F and G are in position of full
lines in Figure 6 the teeth of limb G' on the line of its shortest extension will be
in engagement with the teeth of limb F¹ in its greatest extension, and sweep lever G
will be in position in relation to lever F to exert the greatest force on platen P
through the toggle lever arms E, F which will be in point of time when the platen
is about thrust forward to its full length of thrust to the rear end of the platen
chamber. When sweep lever G is being progressively moved in either direction
from position of line to either of the lines the teeth in the progressively
increasing lines of extension of the short lever G as line x¹, x³, will successively
have engagement with the teeth on the progressively lessening lines of extension
of short limb F, as line y', y, y³ when the toggle lever or arms E, F will be
operated to draw platen P back to the forward end of the platen chambers with a
gradually increasing speed. When sweep lever G is being moved in direction
from either lines v, v, toward line a rearward operation will be had, and tho
toggle arms or levers E, F, will operate to thrust the platen forward with a
gradually lessening speed; and with increasing force as the lines of arms E,
levers F and G are being brought to lines coincident with lines .
The rebound of a sweep lever in presses occurs in point of time when the platen
has made its full length of forward thrust and is starting on its return.
It therefore will be readily understood that by reason of the engagement of the
teeth on the shortest line of extension in short limb G¹ of the sweep lever with
the teeth on the longest line y of extension in the short limb F¹ of lever F the
reactive force from the compressed material on the platen will be slightly effective
for producing a forcible rebound of the sweep lever, which is of great importance
in sweep lever presses and of great advantage over the old forms of this class of
presses.
To provide for preventing even a small rebound of sweep lever G I provide a
friction mechanism between the said sweep lever and the frame work of the press.
This friction devico I prefer to make with some of its parts stationary and other

page_text: parts migratory in character. The stationary parts of the friction device consist
of friction plate g Figure 7 secured across the rear end portion of the sweep lever,
and the elastic supported way h secured to cross timber H Figures 7, 8 and 9. This
way is set in recess i made in timber H, and has its end abutting against the ends
of said recess to hold from being moved longitudinally and has provided at its ends
stops J, J. Timber H is pierced with holes k, k, which receive arms l, Z, secured to
way h secured to timber H and relatively centered with holes k, k, in the screw
thread washer m into which works the centrally pierced adjusting screw nut n.
Coiled around each of these arms is a stiff spiral spring s having one end bearing
on way and the opposite end against the inner end of the adjusting nutn
substantially as shown in Figures 8 and 9.
When nut n is screwed into washer'm way h will be forced out from the back of
the recess i accordingly, but will be moved towards back of said recess when
pressure is exerted on it from its side opposite from arm l. The lower side of
way is provided with angular lips flanges o, o, for holding with the reciprocating
friction roller carriage q. Friction roller carriage q is moved with a rectangular
form and is provided with flanges o' for holding with flanges o or ways h and with
a central opening i for receiving the friction roller R.
Roller R is made of iron and supported from bearings made in the side of
carriage q so as to freely revolve in the same and the lower side of said roller
projects below the plane of the lower side of the carriage. I prefer to make the
friction plate g with a length of about twelve inches more or less and set stops j, j,
about correspondingly to allow the friction roller carriage to travel to a distance
about equal to the length of said friction plate. The nominal situation of friction
roller R is at either one or the other end of way h as illustrated by full and dotted
lines in Figure 7 and when the sweep lever is being moved in either direction
between lines v, v, toward or from line this roller will be idle and not effect any
pressure on the sweep lever; but when the lever has been moved to position
approaching near line (when the platen has about fully thrust forward) and
roller R is in situation shown by full lines in Figure 7, the friction plates g secured
to the sweep lever (and progressing a little about its general plane will be carried
to under said roller, and said roller mounting on said friction plate will be pressed
hard down on the same by force of spring 8. This pressure of roller R, on plate g
will be continued until the sweep lever has been moved in direction of arrow 1, to
a sufficient distance to carry plate g out from under the roller at which time of this
occurence the toggle lever E, F, will have passed the centre, and the plates will be
fully started on its return from contest with the compressed material and all
tendency of rebound of the sweep lever will be passed. When in return of the
sweep lever from line v in a rearward movement towards line as in direction of
arrows 2 this lever has carried end 1 of plate g to roller R, the said roller and its
carriage g, will be moved along way to position of dotted lines in Figure 8.
When its further movement will be stopped and as soon as stopped the end 1 of
said plate will pass beneath said roller (the roller mounting said plate) when the
elastic force of springs 8 will be again exerted on said plate throughout its entire
length and prevent the free movement of the lever until after it has passed line x,
and toggle lever E, F, have passed the centre with its platen on its return from the
compressed material after the plate g has been carried out from beneath the roller,
the sweep lever will be freed from all influence of the friction device and the roller
will be left in position of dotted lines in Figure 8, until by a rearward movement of
the sweep lever the end 2 of plate g has carried the roller and its carriage to the
opposite end stop, when the said roller will be again moved to mount said plate
and press down on said sweep as before.
Secured to the frame work of the press the upper and lower circular way L, L',
between which sweep lever G works. These circular ways are preferably made of
pieces of timber cut in sections of a circle and joined together though they may be
made of iron or iron and wood combined; these ways are plated with circular wear
plate t,t, and secured to the lower side of the sweep lever is a short wear plate t

page_text: which has bearing on lower wear plate t or lower way L'. These ways support the
outwardly extended portion of the sweep lever from dropping downward and hold
the lever in one horizontal plane throughout its entire length of movement.
By the above described improvements I am enabted to produce an effective press
which will not be liable to get out of order and will have its sweep lever prevented
from rebounding and annoying the animal operating the sweep, while the bales
produced thereby may be conveniently tied off with any desired number of bale
bands.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First. In a baling press chamber C having at each of its vertical sides a single
opening which extends from the upper side of sill A to the lower side of plate A¹
and with the vertical inner sides a of the said sills and plates projected from the
inner side surface of the upper and lower horizontal linings a, a, respectively, and
at right angles with the same substantially as and for operations and purposes set
forth,
Second. In mechanism for operating the platen of a baling press, the combination
with said platen, of toggle lever E, F, and sweep lever G, the lever F being
provided with the ellipsoidal shaped short limb F¹ provided with teeth, and sweep
lever being provided with an eccentricially arranged semi-circular short limb G¹
provided with teeth engaging with the teeth on short limb of lever F substantially
as for operations and purposes set forth.
Third. The combination with a reciprocating moving platen and an arm pivoted
to the same of a sweep lever which has a variable short arm provided with teeth,
and a lever intermediate between the said arm and said sweep lever and provided
with an ellipsoidal shaped short arm which is provided with teeth adapted to
engage with those with the variable short arm of the sweep lever, substantially as
and for the purposes set forth.
Fourth. The combination with a sweep lever having a semi-circular short arm
provided with teeth with the pivot of said lever arranged relatively eccentric in.
relation to the said short arm of a lever which is provided with a short limb
having an ellipsoidal form and provided with teeth engaging with those made
with the eccentric semi-circular short arm of the sweep lever, and its long arm
pivoted to an arm pivoted to the platen, substantially as and for the purpose sct
forth.
Fifth. In a baling press, the combination with the frame thereof and a sweep
lever pivoted to said frame for actuating mechanism to give to the platen a
reciprocating movement of sweep supporting ways so arranged that said lever will
work between for operations set forth.
Sixth. In a baling press, the combination with the press frame and ways L, L',
secured thereto, of sweep lever G pivoted to said frame and moving between said
ways, substantially as and for purposes set forth.
Seventh. In a baling press, the combination with the frame thereof and a sweep
lever operating mechanism to give a reciprocating motion to the platen of a friction
device, which will operate with the sweep lever to check the rebound of the same,
for operation and purposes set forth.
Eighth. In a baling press, the combination with the frame of the press and the
sweep lever actuating mechanism for imparting to the platen a reciprocating
movement of a friction device between the frame and the sweep lever which will
operate with the latter when passing the centre of motion and the platen is
beginning its return movement substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Ninth. In a baling press, the combination with the press frame and a sweep
actuating a pressing mechanism of a friction device which will be stopped to a
short distance by the action of the sweep towards the side to which the sweep is
being moved and in this shifted situation operated with the sweep until it has

page_text: moved fully passed its centre of motion substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
Tenth. In a baling press, the combination with the platen toggle lever operating
said platen, sweep lever actuating toggle lever, of an elastic way supported from
the press frame, a reciprocating friction roller working with said way, and a
friction plate secured to the sweep lever for operations substantially as set forth.
Eleventh. The combination with sweep lever provided with a variable short
arm having teeth, and toggle levers pivoted to the platen with a lever thereof
provided also with a variable short arm also having teeth, of a friction plate
secured to the. sweep lever and a friction roller supported from the frame and
operating with the friction plate when the variable short arm of said levers are
passing the centres, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Twelfth. In a device for preventing the rebound of a sweep lever of a baling
press, the elastic supported way D, provided with stop; roller carriage a working
in said way, roller R supported in said carriage, in combination with plate g secured
to the sweep lever, for operations, substantially as set forth.
Thirteenth. The combination with plate g secured to the sweep lever of roller R,
imounted in a movable carriage, which is held in connection with way h provided
with stops of arms l springs a screw threaded washer m and adjusting nut n
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Fourteenth. The combination with the side wall of the platen chamber, and
platen moving therein-of retaining dogs T, T, constructed and arranged as above
described and supported by springs substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.