IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING, FORCING, AND EXHAUSTING WATER AND OTHER LIQUIDS, ALSO AIR AND GAREa
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Frederick Brinjes, of the Animal Charcoal Works,
65, Back Church Lane, Whitechapel, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
RAISING, FORCING, AND EXHAUSTING WATER AND OTHER LIQUIDS, ALSO AIR
AND GAREa"
Sealed the 22nd September 1877, and dated the 29th March 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Frederick Brinjes at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th March 1877.
JOHN FREDERICK BRINJES, of the Animal Charcoal Works, 65, Back Church
Lane, Whitechapel, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING, FORCING, AND EXHAUSTING WATER
AND OTHER LIQUIDS, ALSO AIR AND GASES."
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of rotary
apparatus to be employed as a pump for raising, forcing, and exhausting water and
other liquids, also air and gases, and has for its object the simplifying the con-
struction of such apparatus, whilst at the same time its efficiency is increased.
According to my said Invention I employ a hollow stationary cylinder, with inlet
and outlet orifices on one side, separated by a stationary web or diaphragm secured
to and forming part of the general casting. In the end covers of this cylinder
works centrally a rotary shaft carrying one or more eccentrics or cranks, which
impart a gyratory motion to a cylindrical-shaped piston of the same length as and
working inside the fixed cylinder. The longitudinal axis of this gyratory piston is
disposed parallel to the axis of the cylinder, and the diameter of the piston must be
smaller than that of the interior of the cylinder, so that there shall be only one line
of contact between the outer circumference of the piston and the inner circumference
of the cylinder. On the side of this piston, nearest to the inlet and outlet apertures,
and extending throughout its entire length, there is cast or otherwise formed a
hollow chamber disposed either inside or outside the circumference of the piston,

page_text: such chamber having a long narrow slot or mouth with rounded lips made in its
outer portion in order to admit the said stationary or fixed diaphragm, which extends
or projects some distance inside the said chamber (according to the throw of the
actuating eccentrics or cranks), the piston when in action being caused to gyrate
and to move freely to and fro on such stationary diaphragm, which is entirely 5
separate and distinct from the piston. As the shaft is rotated the piston is caused
to gyrato inside the cylinder, and will consequently form a partial vacuum, which
will tend to draw in water, air, or other liquid or gas through the inlet aperture,
whilst the same is expelled by the gyratory notion of the piston through the outlet
orifice. The ends of the piston may be packed so as to work more or less fluid- 1
tight against the cylinder covers or ends by a metallic or other end packing; I
prefer, however, to use a packing ring of a V section let into an annular recess made
in one or both ends of the piston.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said John Frederick Brinjes in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 29th
September 1877.
JOHN FREDERICK BRINJES, of the Animal Charcoal Works, 65, Back Church
Lane, Whitechapel, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING, FORCING, AND EXHAUSTING WATER
AND OTHER LIQUIDS, ALSO AIR AND GASES."
My said Invention relates to further improvements upon the apparatus described
in the Specification of my Patent, No. 281, A.D. 1876, to be employed as a pump for
raising, forcing, and exhausting water and other liquids, also air and gases, and has
for its object the simplifying the construction of such apparatus, whilst at the same
time its efficiency is increased.
In carrying out my present Invention I employ a hollow stationary cylinder,
with inlet and outlet orifices on one side, separated by a stationary diaphragm or
partition secured to and forming part of the general casting of the cylinder. In the
end covers of this cylinder works centrally a rotary shaft, carrying one or more
eccentrics or cranks, which impart a gyratory motion to a cylindrical-shaped piston
of the same length as, and working inside the fixed cylinder. The longitudinal
axis of this gyratory piston is disposed parallel to the axis of the cylinder, and the
diameter of the piston must be smaller than that of the interior of the cylinder, so
that there shall be only one line of contact between the outer circumference of the
piston and the inner circumference of the cylinder. On the side of this piston,
nearest to the inlet and outlet apertures, and extending throughout its entire length,
there is cast or otherwise formed a hollow chamber, disposed either inside or outside
the circumference of the piston, such chamber having a long narrow slot or mouth
with rounded lips made in its outer portion in order to admit the said stationary
diaphragm, which extends or projects some distance inside the said chamber,
(according to the throw of the actuating eccentrics or cranks) the piston when in
action being caused to gyrate and to move freely to and fro on such stationary
diaphragm, which entirely separate and distinct from the piston. The gyration
of this piston inside the cylinder produces a partial vacuum, which will tend to draw
in water, air, or other liquid or gas through the inlet aperture, whilst the same is
expelled by the gyratory motion of the piston through the outlet orifice.
The ends of the piston may be packed so as to work more or less fluid-tight
against the cylinder covers or ends by a metallic or other end packing. I prefer,
however, to use a packing ring of a V section let into an annular recess made in one
or both ends of the piston.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now proceed

page_text: more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall refer to the
several Figures on the explanatory Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexod, the samo
letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in all the Figures.
Figure 1 of my Drawings represents a transverse sectional elevation of my
improved pump; Figure 2 is a corresponding sectional plan of the same, and
Figure 3 is a transverse sectional elevation of a slightly modified form of pump.
A is the main driving shaft, which is rotated by hand, steam, or other power; it
works in central bearings in the end covers B, B, of the stationary cylinder C, and
has forged or fitted thereon one or more eccentrics, or their equivalent D, which
work inside the cylindrical piston E, and impart thereto a gyratory motion round
the interior of the cylinder C, there being one line of contact only between the cir-
cumference of the said piston and the interior of the cylinder from ond to end
thereof. Along one side of the cylinder C there is formed a longitudinal opening,
which is divided by a fixed central partition or diaphragm F into separate inlet and
outlet apertures G and H respectively. This diaphragm is bolted to or formed in
one piece with the general casting, and extends the full distance between the inner
faces of the cylinder covers, as shown clearly in Figure 2. The said diaphragm also
enters the chamber I, having a narrow longitudinal slot or opening with rounded
lips a, a, formed in and extending throughout the full length of the piston. The
interior of the chamber I is widened so as to afford free play thereto along the said
diaphragm during the gyrations of the piston. The depth of the said chamber I
should correspond to the throw of the eccentrics or cranks which actuate the piston, so
that when the piston is farthest away from the inlet and outlet apertures the inner
end of the fixed diaphragm will enter sufficiently far to close the mouth of the
chamber (see Figure 1), and when the piston is at the opposite end of its stroke the
inner end of the diaphragm will be at the bottom of the chamber, as shown in
Figure 3.
In this last-mentioned Figure I have represented the chamber I for the reception
of the stationary diaphragm or partition as being partly formed outside the cir-
cumference of the gyratory piston in lieu of inside, the same as in Figure 1.
When found requisite I pack the ends of the piston which work against the
cylinder covers by inserting into a recess 6 formed in the ends of the said piston a
metal or other packing ring, by preference of a V section (see Figure 2) which may
be composed of two rings, or parts of rings, secured together at their inner edges,
and opened out at their outer circumference to form a V, the inherent elasticity of
which maintains a sufficiently tight joint between the rubbing surfaces.
In some cases where found desirable antifriction rollers c, c, may be employed as
the actuating eccentric, arranged substantially as shown in Figure 3, for the purpose
of reducing the friction, the actuating eccentric, or the antifriction rollers, as the
case may be, working against a raised rubbing piece d cast on the interior of the
piston, as shown clearly in my Drawings.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, I would observe in conclusion that I do not claim the use of a gyratory
piston having a radial web or partition rigidly secured thereto, and moving to and
fro in a radially disposed chamber formed on the outer fixed cylinder, as such an
arrangement constitutes the subject matter of my said Patent No. 281, A.D. 1876,
but what I consider to be novel and original, and thereform claim as the Invention
secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,—
First. The combination in apparatus for raising, forcing, and exhausting water
and other liquids, also air and gases of a gyratory piston, with a stationary
diaphragm or partition attached to or forming part of the general casting of the
outer fixed cylinder, substantially as herein-before described and illustrated by my
Drawings.
Second. The application and use of the chamber I, with its contracted mouth
formed either inside or outside the circumference of the gyratory piston E, for the

page_text: reception of the stationary diaphragm or partition F, when arranged to operate
together, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein-before described
and illustrated by my Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Frederick Brinjes, have to this my
Specification, set my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of September,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
JOHN FREDERICK BRINJES. (L.S.)