IMPROVEMENTS IN CRUCIBLES, MUFFLES, AND OTHER VESSELS IN WHICH METALS ARE TO BE MELTED, REDUCED, OR DISTILLED
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Edward Newton of the Office for Patents
66 Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex Civil Engineer for an
Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN CRUCIBLES, MUFFLES, AND OTHER VESSELS
IN WHICH METALS ARE TO BE MELTED, REDUCED, OR DISTILLED communicated
to him from abroad by Thomas Egleston of the City and State of New York,
United States of America
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left, by the said Henry Edward Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th September 1883.
HENRY EDWARD NEWTON of the Office for Patents 66 Chancery Lane in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN CRUCIBLES, MUFFLES
AND OTHER VESSELS IN WHICH METALS ARE TO BE MELTED REDUCED OR DISTILLED."
"
[communicated to him from abroad by Thomas Egleston of the City and State of
New York, United States of America]
The object of the improvements is to produce a vessel having the interior surface
of such character that it will not be chemically or mechanically affected by the
contents, and the exterior surface of such nature that it will not be materially
injured by the heat to which it will be subjected when the vessel is in use, and
also of such nature that melted ashes of fuel will not become so firmly united
with, or so adhere to it as to require to be removed by blows which would endanger
the vessel.
The interior surface of this vessel is essentially basic. It may be made of baryta,
strontia, lime, magnesia, alumina or any two or more of these materials, or of a
form of carbon, such for instance as graphite anthracite, gas carbon, or coke mixed
with any of the basic refractory materials.
The material employed may be pulverized and mixed with water or other
liquid to form a paste, and then may be shaped in moulds or by any other suitable
means.
The exterior surface of the vessel may be made of acid refractory materials such
for instance as silicate of baryta strontia, lime, magnesia, or alumina or of the

page_text: elements of which these materials are composed. When the vessel will be exposed
to highly corrosive ashes, this surface may be made of one or more of those silicates
or mixtures combined in variable proportions with one or more of the basic
materials above enumerated. The materials employed for this surface may be
comminuted and mixed with water or other liquid to form a paste, and may be
shaped in moulds or by any other suitable means.
Either surface may be made first and the other formed around it, or both may
be formed together.
In some cases both the exterior surfaces may be made essentially of basic material
but even in that case they will be constituted differently from each other. In such
cases, the two surfaces may be differently constituted by making the surfaces of
different basic materials, or of differently constituted basic materials.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Lotters Patent filed
by the said Henry Edward Newton in the Patent Office on the 4th March
1884.
"
HENRY EDWARD NEWTON of the Office for Patents 66 Chancery Lane in the
County of Middlesex Civil Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN CRUCIBLES, MUFFLES
AND OTHER VESSELS IN WHICH METALS ARE TO BE MELTED, REDUCED OR DISTILLED
a. communication to me by Thomas Egleston of the City and State of New York,
United States of America
The object of the improvements is to produce a vessel having the interior surface
of such character that it will not be chemically or mechanically affected by the
contents and the exterior surface of such nature that it will not be materially
injured by the heat to which it will be subjected when the vessel is in use and also
of such nature that melted ashes of fuel will not become so firmly united with
or so, adhere to it as to require to be removed by blows which would endanger the
vessel.
The accompanying drawing represents a central vertical section of a vessel
embodying the improvement
The interior surface A of this vessel is essentially basic. It may be made of
baryta strontia, lime, magnesia, alumina or any two or more of these materials or
of a form of carbon, such for instance as graphite, anthracite, gas carbon, or coke
mixed with any of the basic refractory materials.
The material employed may be pulverized and mixed with water or other
liquid to form a paste and then may be shaped in moulds or by any other suitable
means.
The exterior surface B of the vessel may be made of acid refractory materials
such for instance as silicate of baryta, strontia, line magnesia, or alumina, or of
the elements of which these materials are composed. When the vessel will be

page_text: exposed to highly corrosive ashes, this surface may be made of one or more of
these silicates or mixtures combined in variable proportions with one or more of
the basic materials above enumerated. The materials employed for this surface
may be comminuted and mixed with water or other liquid to form a paste and
may be shaped in moulds or by any other suitable means.
Either surface may be made first and the other formed around it or both may
be formed together.
In some cases both the exterior surfaces may be made essentially of basic
material but even in that case they will be constituted differently from each other
In such cases, the two surfaces may be differently constituted by making the
surfaces of different basic materials, or of differently constituted basic materials.
Having thus described this Invention of "Improvements in Crucibles Muffles,
and other vessels in which Metals are to be Melted reduced or Distilled" as
communicated to me from abroad and explained the mode of carrying the same
into effect What is claimed and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is
A Crucible, Muffle or other vessel used in melting, reducing or distilling metals
having the interior surface made essentially of basic refractory material and the
exterior surface essentially of acid refractory material, or having its two surfaces
made of differently constituted' basic materials, or of different basic materials,
substantially as specified.
In witness whereof I the said Henry Edward Newton have hereunto set my hand
and seal the fourth day of March in the year of our Lord one thousand eight
hundred and eighty four.