A NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINE OR Apparatus for Cutting or Quarrying STONE OR ROCK." MACHINE OR Apparatus for Cutting or Quarrying Stone or RocK.
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Adams, of Callander, in the County of
Perth, North Britain, for the Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED
MACHINE OR Apparatus for Cutting or Quarrying STONE OR ROCK."
MACHINE OR Apparatus for Cutting or Quarrying Stone or RocK.“
"
Sealed the 9th December 1875, and dated the 31st August 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Adams at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
31st August 1875.
I, WILLIAM ADAMS, of Callander, in the County of Perth, North
Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "A NEW
OR IMPROVED MACHINE OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING OR QUARRYING STONE OR ROCK,"
to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention, which relates to a new or improved machine or
apparatus for cutting, "shearing," or quarrying stone or rock, consists
of a bogie or truck supported on wheels, and on which a vertical or other
boiler and a steam engine are placed.

page_text: In a framing extending round three or all sides of the bogie or truck
a series of cutting tools or jumpers are fixed so as to operate vertically,
and these tools or jumpers may either be formed with long shanks or
stems, and be thereby attached directly to the framing, or they may be
made with short shanks or stems, in which case they are held in tool
holders, from whence when requiring to be sharpened or renewed they
may be easily removed.
The tools or jumpers are operated vertically so as to cut or shear into
the stone or rock by tappets or cams which act on adjustable pins fixed
in the stems of the tools or jumpers, or in the holders wherein the tools
or jumpers are held. The tappets or cams are rotated from the main
shaft of the engine by gearing the axes on which they are placed with
the said shaft by means of spur, bevil, or other suitable means.
The bogie or truck is provided with mechanism connected to the shaft
whereon a pair of the carrying wheels are placed for traversing the
machine or apparatus along the rock or stone being operated upon, and
which mechanism may either consist of a screw and worm wheel, of bevil
gearing, or of other equivalent means.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Adams in the Great Seal Patent Office 2
on the 29th February 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
ADAMS, of Callander, in the County of Perth, North Britain, send
greeting.
"
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in
the 39th year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said William Adams, Her special
license that I, the said William Adams, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Adams, my executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no

page_text: ઃઃ
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED
MACHINE OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING OR QUARRYING STONE OR ROCK," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Adams, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately, after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Adams, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to
say :-
My said Invention, which relates to a new or improved machine or
apparatus for cutting, shearing, or quarrying stone or rock, consists of
a carriage or truck supported on wheels, and on which a vertical boiler
and steam engine together with the cutting, shearing, or quarrying
mechanism is situated or supported.
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood, I
now proceed more particularly to set forth the system, mode, or manner
in or under which the same is or may be used or practically carried
into effect, reference being had to the annexed Sheet of Drawings,'
and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:
On the Sheet of Drawings hereunto appended Figure 1 is a side
elevation, and Figure 2 a front end elevation of the new or improved
stone or rock cutting, shearing, or quarrying machine or apparatus as
constructed in accordance with my said Invention.
As illustrated on the Drawings a vertical steam boiler A and engine B
are supported upon a carriage or truck C, which runs upon rails D laid
along the floor of the quarry or other situation wherein the machine or
apparatus is being employed.

page_text: In a framing E supported upon pillars or standards F, and extending
across the front and partly along the sides of the machine, a series of
cutting tools or jumpers G are carried so as to operate vertically upon
and cut, shear, or quarry into the stone or rock in the manner seen at a,
Figure 2.
The cutting portions of the tools or jumpers may either be formed on
the lower ends of the vertical shanks or stems G, as shewn at b, on the
Drawings, or the cutters may be made with short shanks or stems, in
which case they are held in tool holders, from whence when requiring to
be sharpened or renewed they are easily removed.
Under the latter method of construction the tool holders may either be
formed on or fixed to the lower extremity of a vertical bar similar to the
shanks or stems G.
In arranging the machine for operation (when the cutting parts are
formed directly on the shanks or stems G, as shewn on the Drawings),
several of the cutters are placed side by side and passed through the
same guides, one of which is in the framing E, and the other attached to
the carriage or truck, as seen at I; and in order to cause all the tools or
jumpers constituting one series, that is, all those which pass through the
same guides, to operate simultaneously, the vertical shanks or stems G
are clamped or otherwise firmly secured together.
In order to further guide the cutters in ascending and descending
during the interval between each striking or cutting action, rollers c are
supported in the framing E, against which the sides of the two outer
shanks or stems G of each series bear, as shewn at Figure 1 of the
Drawings.
To enable the tools to find and work always in a vertical position
when the machine is being operated over an inclined or uneven surface
it is preferred to make the guides of greater length than the width of the
series of tools passing through them. The tools are operated so as to
cut, shear, or quarry into the stone or rock by tappets or cams J centred
on a shaft L, and which act on adjustable pins d fixed in the central or
other shank or stem G of each series. The tappets or cams J are rotated
by a spur wheel K placed on the same shaft L therewith, and which
gears with a corresponding pinion placed on the main shaft M to a

page_text: crank N, on which the piston of the engine B is connected, as shewn.
By means of this arrangement at each stroke of the engine B the tools
in each series are by the action of the tappets or cams J on the pins d
raised vertically upwards from the stone or rock to a height which is
regulated as desired by adjusting the position of the pins d. When the
tappets or cams in revolving move out of contact with the pins & the
tools or jumpers fall and impinge upon and penetrate into the stone or
rock, forming longitudinal channels or grooves therein, as shewn at a,
Figure 2.
The cutting or penetrating force of each series of tools or jumpers may
either depend upon the weight of such series of tools or jumpers alone,
or such penetrating force may be increased to any desired extent by the
employment of a spring, as seen at Y, Figure 1, against which when
the tools or jumpers are raised a pin h fixed therein bears so as to
compress the spring, or a weight or weights or the equivalent thereof
placed on each series of the tools or jumpers may be used to increase the
force.
It is preferred to make the centre tappet or cam J and the series of
tools or jumpers which it operates adjustable from the centre towards
the side X of the machine, or by a modification in the construction of
parts of the apparatus the said tappet or cam and series of tools or
jumpers may be made adjustable towards both sides.
The machine or apparatus is traversed on the rails D, along the floor
of the quarry or other situation where it is employed, by placing on the
shaft P, whereon the front carrying wheels are situate, a worm wheel R,
in conjunction with which clutch mechanism is provided so as to render
the worm wheel fast or loose on the shaft, as required. Into the wheel R
a tangent screw S is geared, and on the upper end of the said screw a
bevil wheel T is fixed. The wheel T is geared with the bevil wheels U
or V placed loosely on the shaft L, according as it is desired to propel
the machine in a forward or backward direction. A clutch W is provided
on the shaft L to gear the wheels U and V therewith.
Under a modification of the Invention in lieu of operating the tools
or jumpers by means of revolving tappets or cams in the manner herein-
before set forth the said tools or jumpers may be operated by rocking
cams or tappets, in which case it is preferred to place the cams or
.

page_text: tappets between two sets of the tools or jumpers, which sets the opposite
arms of the tappets or cams raise alternately.
One method under which this modification of my said Invention may
be carried into effect is illustrated by the diagram elevation, Figure 3
of the Drawings, whereon the two arms of the tappet or cam are shewn
hinged at a. The tappet or cam is rocked by an eccentric or its
equivalent placed upon the shaft L, Figures 1 and 2, and which is
connected to an arm or lever on the shaft c carrying the tappet or cani.
A stop d is provided to prevent the tappet from rising beyond the
required limit. The tappet or cam is hinged at a, in order to allow it to
fold upwards, and so resume its position under the pins e of the tools or
jumpers by passing such pins after each raising or lifting of the tools or
jumpers has been effected.
Instead of this arrangement of cam or tappet a simple rocking beam
or its equivalent may be used, it being understood that I do not confine
myself to arrange the new or improved machine precisely in the manner
herein-before described and shewn on the Drawings, as the details of the
same may be further modified without departing from the essential
features of my said Invention; nor do I restrict myself to operate the
machine by means of steam power, as compressed air, hydraulic
apparatus, hand, or other mechanism is equally applicable for that
purpose.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the system, mode, or manner in or under which the
same is or may be used or practically carried into effect, I would observe
in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original, and therefore
claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent is,―
First. The arrangement and construction of the machine or apparatus.
herein-before described and shewn on the Drawings, or any mere modifi-
cation thereof, wherein a number or series of tools or jumpers operating
vertically are employed, the tools or jumpers in each series being made
to cut simultaneously, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Second. The arrangement herein-before described or the equivalent
thereof, whereby the bars G with the tools or jumpers are rendered

page_text: capable of being at all times adjusted vertically irrespective of whether
the carriage is resting on an inclined or level bed or surface, as set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Adams, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of February One thou-
sand eight hundred and seventy-six.
WILLIAM ADAMS. (L.S.)