Improvements in or relating to Lamps when Oil or Gas is the Light Giving Medium.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Feb., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 21st Nov., 1893-Accepted, 17th Feb., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Lamps when Oil or Gas is the
Light Giving Medium.
I, JAMES COLLINGE, of 43, Aberdeen Street, Preston, in the County of
Lancaster, Photographer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of this invention is to make a chimney which shall enlarge, brighten,
and spread out the flame in a flat direction so as to concentrate the rays of light in
a downward course when oil or gas is the light giving medium. To make such a
chimney I place one or more smaller cylindrical or other shaped globes or funnels
inside a larger one so as to allow a little space or cavity between the two outermost
globes and as much space between the bottoms of the two globes as will allow
of circular burner or number of burners and necessary fittings of oil lamp or gas.
By this means I make the cavity between the two outermost globes or funnels
into the draught or chinney, I claim that this large circular cavity chimney on
account of its great capacity, form, position, and its large exit becomes so powerful
a draught or chimney that the supply of cold air to the flame is greatly increased,
also on account of the said great capacity of chimney the cold air is brought down
inside of inner globe or funnel and escapes to the Hame through hole in bottom
thereof; the good effect of this large increase of cold air to the flame is evident.
In the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1, is vertical section of the circular globes a, a, and b, b, cylindrical shaped
globes of any
suitable size each made of the same material throughout, a, a, the outer
globe b, b, inner globe the cavity between these two globes is the chimney the space
between the bottoms of the globes is for burners flames, and fittings. c, c, dotted
lines is another globe which may or may not be used, its use is to prevent the leat
given off from b, b, heating the air inside which may interfere with the free passage
of cold air down inside of iunermost globe, to the flame, these globes can be made
of the same material throughout or each globe can be made in sections.from any
suitable material.
Fig. 2 is shewn how each globe can be made to advantage in more pieces than
one, above the points a a and b b can be made of metal and be permanently
attached to each other at the required distance from each, below the points a a can
be made of glass or opal, the bottom of b, b can be made of plain or wavy glass,
opal, or other earthenware, metal, or enamelled metal, and can be made to fit loose
so as to be easily removed, this loose or fast bottom answers the purpose of a
reflector.
Fig. 3 is shewn how the cavity chimney can be applied to oil or gas lamps
without inlet for cold air in bottom of outer globe a a (such lamps as are used in
railway carriages) in these lamps all the cold air supplied to the flame inust pass
down inside of globe ce and escape to flame through circular opening in bottom
of cc and bb, to ensure the free passage of air to the flame, I fit a tube made of
perforated metal or wire gauze d'à into the circular opening in bottom of bb and
pass it down through the centre of one or more deflecting tables E E down upon or
inside of circular burner F F by using perforated metal or wire gauze and
deflecting tables the flame is prevented taking its upward course through circular
opening in bottom of bb, the cavity chimney causes the cold air to descend down
through perforated metal or wire gauze which causes the flame to take a circular
form in the direction of cavity chimney, the oil reservoir is made from metal of a
circular and triangular shape dotted lives G G, to keep the oil as cold as possible

page_text: the reservoir must be removed a little distance from c c by placing strips of metal
or wire between c c and reservoir, the circulation of cold air through these spaces
will prevent oil from becoming heated; if gas is used ordinary fittings with circular
burner will answer.
Dated this 25th day of February 1893.
Improvements in or relating to Lamps when Oil or Gas is the
Light Giving Medium.
I, JAMES COLLINGE, of 43 Aberdeen Street, Preston in the County of
Lancaster, Photographer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to make a chimney which shall enlarge, brighten
and spread out the flame in such a direction as to concentrate the rays of light in a
downward and outward course when oil or gas is the light-giving medium when
circular burner or a number of burners are used.
To attain this I place one or more smaller cylindrical or other suitable shaped
globes or funnels inside a larger one so as to allow a little space or cavity between
each and as much space between the bottoms of the globes as to allow for burners
and other necessary fittings of oil lamp or gas.
By these means I make the cavity between the two outermost globes or funnels
into the draught or chimneys, I claim that this large circular cavity chimney on
account of its great capacity, form, position and its large exit becomes so powerful
a chimney that the supply of cold air to the flame is greatly increased, also on
account of the said great capacity of chimney, the cold air is brought down inside
of inner globe or funnel and escapes to the flame through hole or number of holes in
bottom of inner globe or funnel. The good effect of this large increase of cold air
to the flame is evident.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is vertical section of circular globes or funnels a a and b b funnel shaped
globes are shewn as in two globes of any suitable size, each made from its own
material throughout, a a, the outer globe 66 inner globe, the cavity between these
two globes is the chimney, the space between the bottoms of the globes is for
burners, flame and fittings. The holes H are for the cold air to pass to the
flame.
In Fig. 2 is shewn how each globe can be made to advantage in more than one
piece, above the points a a and b can be made from metal and be permanently
attached to each other at the required distance from each, below the points a a can
be made from glass or opal, the bottom of bb can be made from plain or wavy
glass, opal, or other suitable earthenware, metal, or enamelled metal, or combination
of them, or other suitable composition, and can be made to fit loose so as to be
easily removed, this loose or fast bottom answers the purpose of a reflector.
C, dotted lines is another globe which may or may not be used its use is to
prevent the radiated heat given off from heating the air inside of 6b which
may interfere with the free passage of cold air down inside of innermost globe to
the flame. J is another reflector.
In Fig. 3 is shewn how the cavity chimney can be applied to oil or gas lamps
without inlet for cold air in bottom of outer globe a a, in this lamp all the cold air
supplied to the flame must pass down inside of globe c c or bb and escape to the
flame through hole or number of holes in bottom of ce and bb, in heavy oil lamps
to ensure the free passage of air to the flame I fit a tube made of perforated metal
or wire gauze d d into the circular opening in bottom of bb, and pass it down

page_text: through the centre of one or more deflecting tables E E down upon or inside of
circular burner F by the use of the tube made of perforated metal or wire gauze and
deflecting table or tables the flame is prevented taking its upward course through
circular opening in bottom of b, b. The cavity chimney causes the cold air to
descend down through perforated metal or wire gauze and causes the flame to take a
circular form in the direction of cavity chimney. The oil reservoir is made of
metal of a circular and triangular shape dotted lines G, G, to keep the oil as cold
as possible the reservoir must be removed a little distance from c, c, by attaching
strips of metal to reservoir or to c, c. The circulation of cold air through these
spaces will prevent oil from becoming heated, if gas is used ordinary fittings may
be used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to he performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1st. That by placing one or more cylindrical or other suitable shaped globes or
funnels inside a larger one, so as to allow a space or cavity between each, and using
one of these cavities for the chimney of heated air to ascend through, and allow
cold air to pass down inner globe or funnel and escape to the flame through hole or
number of holes in bottom thereof by the extra supply of cold air to the flame more
light is produced from the same amount of medium.
2nd. By making the lower part of this inner globe or funnel from a suitable
reflecting material its shape and position is such that the light is reflected in a
outward and downward course, thus better lighting is secured.
Dated this 20th day of November 1893.
JAMES COLLINGE.