A NEW OR IMPROVED VENTILATOR
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Henry Parkes, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Manufacturer, and William Bagnall, of Birmingham,
aforesaid, Plater, for the Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED VENTILATOR
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Henry Parkes
and William Bagnall at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 2nd June 1859.
We, WILLIAM HENRY PARKES, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, and WILLIAM BAGNALL, of Birmingham, aforesaid, Plater, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED
VENTILATOR FOR HATS AND OTHER HEAD COVERINGS, AND ALSO FOR CARRIAGES,"
to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists of a ventilator constructed as herein-after described,
the said ventilator being especially suited for the ventilation of hats and other
head coverings, and also for the ventilation of carriages.
We will describe our ventilator in connection with a hat. In the crown of
the bat a circular hole is made; immediately under the said hole is a disc or
plate, of somewhat larger diameter than the hole; the said disc or plate is sup-

page_text: ported on the top of a screw, having a button at its bottom end; a cross piece
or bracket fixed in the crown of the hat supports a screw box, through which
the screw works; by turning the screw, the plate at its top may be raised or
lowered, and the opening in the crown of the hat opened more or less, or com-
pletely closed. The upper side of the plate is covered with the same kind of
material as the hat, and when the ventilator is closed, the opening at the top
of the hat is scarcely visible. The application of our Invention to other head
coverings and to carriages differs in no essential respect from its application
to hats.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Henry Parkes and William Bagnall in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 30th November 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
HENRY PARKES, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer,
and WILLIAM BAGNALL, of Birmingham, aforesaid, Plater, send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
William Henry Parkes and William Bagnall, Her special licence that we, the
said William Henry Parkes and William Bagnall, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said William Henry Parkes and William
Bagnall, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and. Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED VENTILATOR
FOR HATS AND OTHER HEAD COVERINGS, AND ALSO FOR CARRIAGES," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that we, the said William Henry Parkes and William
Bagnall, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Henry Parkes and William
Bagnall, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
Our Invention consists of a ventilator for hats and other head coverings, and
also for carriages, constructed in the manner herein-after described, and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
Our new or improved ventilator is especially suited for the ventilation of
hats, and we will describe and illustrate our Invention in its application to a
hat, but our ventilator may be applied to such other head coverings as the
said ventilator is or may be applicable to. When we apply our ventilator to
carriages, we slightly vary the construction of the said ventilator, as herein-
after described, and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
Figure 1 of the Drawing represents, in vertical section, a portion of a hat
to which our improved ventilator is applied, the said ventilator being repre-
sented closed, and Figure 2 represents the same with the ventilator opened;
Figure 3 represents an elevation of the ventilator separately, of the full size;
and Figure 4 represents a plan of the same. The same letters indicate the
same parts in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4.
In the centre of the crown a of the hat a circular hole b is made, imme-
diately under which said hole the ventilator is fixed, as represented. c is a
disc or plate of metal, of somewhat larger diameter than the hole b in the hat,
the said plate being supported on the top of the screw d, having a milled
button e on its bottom end. The said screw and plate are supported by a
cross piece or bracket f, through which said bracket the said screw d passes
and works. The said cross piece or bracket f is fixed in the crown of the
hat, in the position represented in Figures 1 and 2, by its pointed ends ƒ³, ƒ³,
entering the said crown, the horizontal portions f³, f³, of the ends of the said
bracket f bearing against the interior surface of the crown a of the hat. At g,
in the bracket f, a screw box is made, in which the screw d works. By
turning the said screw d by its button e, the disc c may be raised or lowered,
and the hole b in the crown of the hat opened as represented in Figure 2, or
closed as represented in Figure 1. By adjusting the disc or plate cat the
proper distance from the hole b, the required degree of ventilation may be
obtained. The upper side of the plate or disc c is covered with the same kind
of material as the hat, and when the ventilator is closed, the opening b is
scarcely visible. The said material attached to the plate c is marked h in the
several Figures. In place of the screw d carrying the plate c, and working in

page_text: the screw box g, we sometimes employ a rod working tightly in a hole in the
centre of the bracket f. By sliding the said rod by its button, the plate or
disc on the top of the said rod can be withdrawn from or pressed against the
hole in the hat. We prefer, however, to use the screw d, which we have
found to answer well in practice.
Figure 5 represents a side elevation of our new or improved ventilator for
carriages; Figure 6 represents a vertical section of the same; Figure 7
represents a plan of the under side of the same; and Figure 8 represents a
plan of a portion of the same. The same letters indicate the same parts in
Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8.
.
In the roof of the carriage to which the ventilator, Figures 5, 6, 7; and 8, is
applied, we make a circular opening, of a size slightly greater than the
diameter of the body of the ventilator, through which opening the body k of
the ventilator is passed, and is supported in its place by the flange ², resting
on the top of the carriage. is a square rod, attached to the cap or cover i,
the said rod sliding in the centre of the bars m of the body k. A plan of the
top of the case or body k, with the cap i removed, is shown in Figure 8. In
the axis of the said rod a hole is made, the said hole being formed into .a
screw box n, in which screw box the screw o works. The screw o is carried
by the rod p, turning in the boss q, supported on the bottom plate r of the
body or case k. The said plate r is perforated, as represented in Figures 7
and 8. By turning the screw o by its knob s, the said screw works in the
screw box n, and raises or depresses the cap i, and the opening in the carriage
is thereby opened or closed by the said cap i. When the said cap i is raised
from the body k, the heated air passes through the open top of the said body,
and ventilates the carriage. The screw o and rod p are preserved in the
position represented by the flange t, fixed on the top of the said rod p.
Instead of the screw o, a rod may pass from the cap i, and work tightly in the
boss q. By sliding the said rod by means of a knob on its lower end, the
cap i may be raised or depressed, but we prefer the method described and
represented of carrying this part of our Invention into effect.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and the manner of
carrying the same into effect, we wish it to be understood that we do not limit
ourselves to the precise details herein described and represented, as the same
may be varied without departing from the nature of our' said Invention; but
we claim as our Invention, the new or improved ventilator for hats and other
head coverings, and also for carriages herein-before described, and represented
in the accompanying Drawing, that is to say, a ventilator consisting of a disc

page_text: or cap, carried on the top of a screw or rod, the said disc or cap and screw or
rod being supported upon a bracket or framing fixed to the head covering or
carriage, the said disc or cap, by its rising or falling, opening or closing an
opening in the head covering or carriage, as before described.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Henry Parkes and William
Bagnall, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-ninth day
of November, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-nine.
Witness,
RICHARD SKERRETT,
WILLIAM HENRY PARKES. (L.S.)
WILLIAM BAGNALL.
(L.S.)
Clerk to George Shaw.