Improvements relating to the Production of Designs upon Glass.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 4th Nov., 1889-Accepted, 14th Dec., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to the Production of Designs upon Glass.
L, DAVID REICH, of 7 Czerningasse, Vienna 11, in the Empire of Austria, Glass
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:―
This invention relates to a method of producing designs on a deadened ground
upon glass through the medium of suitable etching liquor and a sand blower.
According to the methods heretofore used designs upon a leadened ground have
been made upon glass by coating the smooth or polished glass with a protecting
ground and subjecting it to the action of hydrofluoric acid until the portions of
the glass which are not covered by the said ground have received the necessary
depth, the portions of the design which are to be etched deeper being produced by
second treatment with hydrofluoric acid after washing off the hydrofluoric acid left
from the first treatment and covering the portions which have been etched to a
sufficient extent. After the deep-etching has been accomplished, the glass is
doadened by means of iron and wet sand, so that the etched and deeper design
remains light, whereas the unetched and therefore higher portions of the surface
must appear deadened.
In this manner are obtained deep and light designs upon a deadened ground. The
design must be etched deep, as otherwise it will disappear or suffer very much in
the subsequent grinding operation.
Designs possessing a deadened ground have also been obtained by first deadening
the polished or smooth surface of the glass through the medium of a sand jet, or
an etching bath, or by hand, covoring with a protecting ground the portions
which are not to be subjected to further etching, and then etching with hydro-
fluoric acid the portions left free by the said ground whereby a lighter, deadened
and if desired even a very light design is produced at the said portions. This is
effected by the hydrofluoric acid discharging the frosted or roughened portions of
the surface, and thus making a deepened design in the glass.
According to the method constituting the subject of the aforesaid invention designs
of different shades varying between the deepest opacity and the most delicate dimness
are to be obtained. Such designs in contradistinction to those produced according
to the methods hitherto practised, are not deepened in the glass and they appear
correct and sharp, moreover the treatment, of the glass with hydrofluoric acid, which
is unpleasant and injurious to health, is restricted to a minimum.
The improved method is carried out as follows; that is to say. The polished
or smooth glass is subjected to a so-called deadening bath, consisting suitably of
hydrofluoric acid, sulphate and carbonate of ammonia, until the surface is slightly
frosted or deadened. The shade thereby obtained, which varies between dark and
light opacity, depends upon the strength of the bath and upon the time which the
article has been left in the said bath. The article thus deadened is coated with a
protecting ground generally employed for similar purposes in the treatment of glass
and the portions left uncovered by the said ground are deadened by means of a sand
jet in any suitable manner, thereby producing at these uncovered portions a deep
opacity, whilst the portions protected by the ground retain their delicate opacity,
so that the design appears sharp without rebiting.
Designs made in the above-described manner, in contradistinction to those which
are etched deep as heretofore, may he said to be plain, not deepened, as by reason
of the dimness produced with hydrofluoric acid and the deadening by means of the

page_text: sand jet two different shades of opacity are obtained which do not form any depression
but are in the same plane.
Dated this 9th day of February 1889,
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Sonthampton Buildings. London. Agouts for the Avolicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to the Production of Designs upon Glass.
1, DAVID REICH, of 7 (zerningasse, Vienna II, in the Empire of Austria Glass
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :--
This invention relates to a method of producing designs on a deadened ground
upon glass through the median of suitable etching liquor and a sand blower.
According to the methods heretofore used designs upon a deadened ground have
been made upon glass by eating smooth or polished glass with a protecting ground
and subjecting it to the action of hydrofluoric acid until the portions of the glass
which are not covered by the said ground have received the necessary depth, the
portions of the design which are to be etched deeper being produced by a second
treatment with hydrofluoric acid after washing off the hydrafluoric acid left from the
first treatment and covering the portions which have been etched to a sufficient
extent. After the deep-etching has been accomplished the glass is deulened by
means of iron and wet sand, so that the etched and deeper design remains light,
whereas the unetched and therefore higher portions of the surface must appear
deadened.
In this manner are obtained deep and light designs upon a deadened ground.
The design must be etched deep, as otherwise it will disappear or suffer very much
in the subsequent grinding operation.
Designs possessing a deadened ground have also been obtained by first deadening
the polished or smooth surfner of the glass through the medium of a sand jet, or
an etching bath or by hand, covering with a protecting ground the portions which
are not to be subjected to further etching, and then etching with hydrofluoric acid the
portions left free by the said ground whereby a lighter, deadened and if desired even a
very light design is prodneed at the said portions. This is effected by the hydrofluoric
acid discharging the frosted or roughened portions of the surface, and thus making a
deepened design in the glass.
According to the method constituting the subject of the aforesaid invention designs
of different shades varying between the deepest opacity and the most delicate dimness
are to be obtained. Such designs in contradistinction to those produced according
to the methods hitherto practised are not deepened in the glass and they appear
correct and sharp, moreover the treatment of the glass with hydrofluoric acid which
is unpleasant and injurions to health is restricted to a minimum.
The improved method forming the subject of this invention is carried out as
follows that is to say the polished or smooth glass is subjected to a so-called
deadening bath consisting suitably of hydrofluoric acid, sulphate and carbonate of
ammonia, until the surface is slightly frosted or deadened. The shade thereby
obtained which varios between dark and light opacity depends upon the strength of
the bath and upon the time which the article has been left in the said bath. The
article thus deadened is coated with a protecting ground generally employed for
similar purposes in the treatment of glass and the portions left uncovered by the
said ground are deadened by means of a sand jet in any suitable manner, thereby
producing at these uncovered portions a deep opacity, whilst the portions protected
by the ground retain their delicate opacity so that the design appears sharp without
rebiting.

page_text: Designs made in the above described manner, in contradistinction to those which
are etched deep as heretofore, may be said to be plain, not deepened, as by reason of
the dimness produced with bydrofluoric acid and the deadening by means of the sand
jet two different shades of opacity are obtained which do not form any depressions
but are in the same plane.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
The method of producing sharp designs upon glass having a deadened ground,
characterized by the production of a light opacity by means of etching the entire
surface of the glass to be provided with the design with a thin liquid of hydrofluoric
acid, in combination with the production by means of a sand blast of a stronger
opacity in the desired places for the purpose of causing a design to be made on the
glass which is not at all or only very slightly deepened.
Dated this 4th day of November 1889.
HASELTINE, LAKE & ('o.,
45, Sonthampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.