CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY USED FOR WHAT IS CALLED SETTING OR READING PATTERNS, AND STAMPING OR PUNCHING THEM IN JACQUARD CARDS
Year: 1843

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
GIBBONS, of New Radford, in the Parish of Radford, in the County of Not-
tingham, Machinist, and THOMAS ROE, of New Radford aforesaid, Machinist,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twenty-first day of October, in the seventh year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said James
Gibbons and Thomas Roe, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that we, the said James Gibbons and Thomas Roe, our exors,
adiñors, and assigns, or such others as we, the said James Gibbons and Thomas
Roe, our exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, our Invention of
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY USED FOR WHAT IS CALLED SETTING OR
READING PATTERNS, AND STAMPING OR PUNCHING THEM IN JACQUARD CARDS;" in
which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that we, the said James
Gibbons and Thomas Roe, or one of us, shall cause a particular description
of the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be. inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in
"
A

page_text: part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto
had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
James Gibbons and Thomas Roe, do hereby declare that the nature of our
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are
fully described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and
letters marked thereon, that is to say:-
Our Invention consists of improvements in machinery used for reading or
setting patterns to be stamped in Jacquard cards, whereby several persons
can at the same time be setting and reading parts of a pattern or several
patterns at distant intervals longitudinally of the cords or threads used for
selecting the punches, and and whereby the longitudinal threads are drawn
through and amongst the transverse cords or threads, the transverse cords or
threads being suitably held in a frame for that purpose, in place of (as hereto-
fore) having the transverse threads or cards separate and successively drawn
through and amongst the longitudinal threads or cords.
Secondly, our Invention consists of improvements in machinery for setting
and reading patterns to be stamped or punched in Jacquard cards, whereby
several sets of branch threads or cords may be suitably arranged so as from time
to time to be, by peculiar apparatus in connection with and at other times
separate from the longitudinal threads or cords, used for selecting the punches
used for stamping patterns in Jacquard cards, and whereby the patterns or
parts of patterns being read into two or more reading frames, such reading may
for each succeeding card be punched, not continuously from one reading
frame, but alternately from one and from the other where two frames are
used, and in succession where more frames are used, thus keeping the punching
machinery in constant action.
Thirdly, our Invention consists of improvements in machinery used for
stamping or punching patterns in Jacquard cards, whereby a machine arranged
with punches of different lengths, and having two punching plates and reading
and selecting apparatus combined therewith, according to this part of our
Invention, may have the punches selected and the punches caused to punch
the cards without removing the punches selected into one of the punching
plates as heretofore. And,
Fourthly, our Invention consists of improvements in stamping or punching
patterns in Jacquard cards by so forming pattern surfaces that they may be
employed as the means of selecting the punches used for punching or stamping
patterns in Jacquard cards, without requiring that the patterns should be

page_text: woven by hand by one set of threads being drawn through or amongst ano-
ther set of cords or threads, called setting or reading patterns, as heretofore
practised.
And in order that our Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect, we will proceed to explain the means pursued by us; but
we would first remark that in setting or reading patterns as heretofore gene-
rally practised, the needle by which each punch is selected is in connection
with an endless cord or thread, which endless threads or cords, when setting or
reading patterns for fabrics to be woven with warps and shuttles, represent the
warp or longitudinal threads of the fabric, and in reading in the pattern
thereto the workman draws through and amongst those longitudinal threads
or cords the transverse threads or cords which represent the weft threads to
be used, so that the workman in reading or setting a pattern in the endless
threads actually weaves the pattern in the two sets of threads, and when he
has done so the transverse threads or weft threads are moved downwards, and
are then successively used as the means of selecting punches for each
succeeding card, as is well understood, each transverse cord or thread governing
the selection for a card.
But as our Invention is intended for setting and reading patterns, and for
punching or stamping them in Jacquard cards for the weaving of lace and
other fabrics made in twist lace and warp machinery, as well as for other
weaving, and as the terms warp and weft would tend to confuse when treating
of some of those fabrics, as the bobbin threads of twist lace machines are not
strictly weft threads, and in warp fabrics or warp lace fabrics there is only.
longitudinal threads employed, we propose in describing this our Invention to
speak of longitudinal threads or cords and transverse threads or cords. The
longitudinal threads or cords representing those threads or yarns which run
from end to end of the fabric, and the transverse threads or cords are the
means of governing the longitudinal threads or cords whether they shall or
shall not select a punch, and, consequently, determining whether its punch
shall or shall not perforate the card; the transverse cords or yarns used in
reading or setting a pattern according to our Invention, as heretofore, causing
those longitudinal cords or threads which are on one side thereof to select the
punches with which they communicate, whilst the longitudinal cords or threads
on the other side do not select their punches.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS MARKED A.

page_text: desirable here to remark that the same letters of reference are used to indicate
similar parts. a, a, are needles for selecting the punches b, and forcing them
from the punch box into the plate c, by which they are taken to the other
punching plate used in order to punch a card placed between them, as hereto-
fore practised, the needles and punches, and also the other parts shewn,
being such as is now commonly used. d, d, are a series of cords or threads, one
to each needle; the threads d, d, are passed through holes in the board e, and
are made fast to rods below that board. The cords or threads d, d, pass
upwards and over the bars f. f, thence through rings 9, each of which has a
weight suspended to it, as shewn, and they then pass over the rods h, h, and
are made fast to rods after they have respectively passed through a hole in the
board i.
.
We would remark that this arrangement of threads or cords, excepting
that they are not brought down and made into endless cords or threads, are
very similar to those used heretofore in connection with the selecting needles,
and, therefore, separately, this arrangement of 'cords or threads is not claimed
as of our Invention. The board 'e is carried by means of two end plates e', to
which it is affixed; and these end plates e¹ are further connected or combined
by means of the rails or bars e, e, each of which has a groove formed therein,
which moves on the projecting guide j, formed or fixed on the inside of each
side framing of the machine, so that the side plates e¹ slide freely to and fro.
k-is a trendle, which is connected by means of the cords or straps 7, 1, which
pass over the pulleys 'm, and are affixed to the side plates et; by means of this
treadle the workman can move the needles which are free to be moved, the
cords and weights 'n, n, drawing back the side plates e¹ when the workman
removes his foot from the treadle. The cords or threads d, d, are not used by
us as they have heretofore been used, for receiving the transverse threads, the
'cords or threads 'd, 'd, being simply used by us for actuating the needles when
those threads are operated on by other threads o, o, which represent the longi-
tudinal threads of the fabric, and are the threads which are the means of
selecting the punches, such selection being governed as hereafter explained by
the order in which such threads are drawn through and amongst the transverse
threads hereafter described; these threads or cords pass through perforated
boards at p, p, and q, the cords o being in two parts, and joined by suitable
hooks or otherwise, between the boards p, p. The cords o, each passes through
a space in the comb r, and has a knot to prevent its being drawn through
when selecting the punches, as will be hereafter explained; each alternate cord
'or thread then passes over the first and then under the second bar s, whilst the
other every alternate cord or thread passes under the first and over the second

page_text: bar s, by which the cords are kept separate, and the succeeding ones can be
taken by the workman readily, and without liability to error. t, t, are two
fixed bars, between which the cords or threads are pressed by the bar v when
selecting the punches, as hereafter explained. is a roller with a series of
spikes, which, when the roller is turned partly round, rise up between the
threads or cords o, and by means of the wire rod drawn in through amongst
the cords or threads o, cause the threads or cords a which may be above the
wire rod to select their respective punches with which they are in connection,
as hereafter explained. The machinery shewn has four reading frames in
combination therewith, each frame being similar to the other, therefore the
description of one will apply to the whole. w¹, w², w, w, are the four reading
frames to this machine, but the number of reading frames employed when
operating with one set of longitudinal threads or cords, which are in con-
nection with the punches, may be varied. Each reading frame consists of a
quadrangular frame moving on necks or axes at w*, by which arrangement,
when the pattern or part of a pattern has been read or set into a frame, that
frame can be held in a horizontal position, so as to have the transverse cords
or threads moved into the machine in order that the succeeding transverso
threads or cords may be the means of introducing a wire rod into its place,
and by such wire rod to select the upper of the longitudinal cords in con-
nection with the selecting apparatus of the punches, omitting to operate on
those longitudinal cords or threads which are below the wire rod, as hereafter
described. a, a, are a series of transverse threads or cords which, in place of
being those which are introduced by the reader in amongst the longitudinal
threads or cords, they are retained in suitable positions side by side to have the
longitudinal threads or cords successively drawn in amongst them; each of the
cords or threads x, x, at its lower end, is affixed to a ring which is placed on a
tube through which a cord is passed, and the same held in its position thereby,
the cord so passed through the tube being afterwards attached by one end to the
cord y, so that the rings of the transverse threads or cords x may be slided
from the tube on to that cord y; all which will be better understood by the
description hereafter given. Each of the cords or threads a passes over the
upper rail of the reading frame, there being projecting pins at 2 which serve
to keep the cords a in their proper places; each cord then descends, and is
made fast to a wire rod, which serves as a weight when reading in the pattern,
and afterwards is drawn amongst the longitudinal cords or threads so as to be
the means of moving the selected longitudinal threads or cords, so as to
prevent their moving forward the punches with which they work. These rods
of wire are kept separate in the frame y', which is suspended from the upper

page_text: rail of the reading frame, and in such manner that when the reading frame i
brought into a horizontal position the rods and frame (which keep them
separate) will still hand vertically, as will readily be understood on examining
the Drawings. In order to keep the cords x, x, separate and in their correc
places, at the upper part of the frame are fixed two bars, and the succeeding
threads or cords x, x, pass at the front and back of those bars a, in opposite
directions, so that they cross each other between the bars, as is shewn. And
it will be seen that the reading frames are in pairs, that is, each reading frame
is suitable for two readers, there being two pairs or four reading frames, and
they are kept in the vertical position by means of the pins z, z, passing through
through the side rails of the frame and through the upright standards of the
framing of the machine, as shewn in the Drawings. The machine shewn in the
Drawings has the cords x, x, of the reading frames ruled in with red, and the
longitudinal threads or cords which communicate with the punches are blue,
and are shewn to be partly drawn in, according to the pattern, amongst the
transverse threads. It may be desirable here to remark that when the
transverse threads have received the whole of the longitudinal threads, these
two sets of threads or cords for the same pattern are to be in the same relation
to each other as if the transverse threads or cords had been read or drawn
through and amongst the longitudinal threads or cords, as was and in other
machines is now the practice when reading or setting patterns for Jacquard
cards. On the upper rail of the framing above each of the reading frames is
a rule A, fixed by set screws, between which rule and the upper rail of the
framing the workman places his pattern paper, the part which come below the
rule being the line which he is reading, the pattern being so placed as to
bring the line of the longitudinal threads or cords into a horizontal position, as
it will be understood that the reading is through the transverse threads or
cords, therefore the reading will be performed in the line of the longitudinal
threads or cords, in place of across the longitudinal threads or cords, as hereto-
fore, when the transverse threads were read or drawn into the longitudinal
threads. The several readers employed at the same time in introducing or
setting parts of the same pattern or several patterns into one set of longitudinal
threads or cords, and at intervals in the length of the longitudinal threads or
cords, each sits opposite a reading frame. The reader to the first frame
taking the longitudinal threads or cords, reads them successively through the
tranverse threads, according to his pattern card, by taking each of the trans-
verse threads in his hand, which represents the colored space, omitting to take
every cord or thread where the space of the pattern card is uncolored; he then
draws through the first longitudinal thread or cord which is most distant from

page_text: the reading frame, and, having done so, he hands it to the next workman if
he is prepared to receive it, but if not, he places it on the pins B, B, taking
care, if he has several cords or strings successively to place on the pins, that he
alternately places them on the two upper pins which will produce a crossing
of the threads, thus enabling the next reader readily to take the thread or
cord which was first placed on the pegs, each succeeding reader taking the
longitudinal threads or cords in the same order of succession, by which
arrangement, when the reading frames are brought into a horizontal position,
the longitudinal threads will all lie correct as a warp, the transverse threads
appearing as a weft, the desired patterns or parts of patterns being woven in by
the reading in of the workman. The pattern, or so much thereof as is
contained in two reading frames, being completed, the reading frames are
raised to a horizontal position, and is held in that state by means of pins
which pass into the holes B*. The workman then moves the transverse
threads or cords forward, and the bars 8, 8, and b, being removed, he causes the
whole of the pattern set therein to be moved beyond the knots on the
longitudinal threads or cords and up towards the spiked roller, he then again
introduces the bars 8, s, taking care to keep the succeeding threads crossed,
as above described, which he will readily be enabled to do, as the longitudinal
threads or cords will, as they have been read in, be placed on the pins B, B,
next the reading frames, crossing each other, as above described. The bar v
is then fastened down in its place, and the workman draws the first transverse
thread from between the longitudinal threads, by which he draws in the wire
rod attached thereto, all the wire rods having been removed from their frames
and placed side by side on a table C, as is shewn; the wire rod thus drawn in
amongst the longitudinal threads is then brought under the spiked roller, and
the roller turned, by which the wire rod will be carried round, taking with
it all those longitudinal threads or cords which were above it, by which
means the selecting needles of the punches in connection with those threads
will be drawn back, and when a workman puts his foot on the treadle to
select the punches, those needles will not come forward, hence their punches
will be left in the punch box, and the machine will be in the position shewn,
the longitudinal threads or cords which are below the wire held by the
spiked roller alone allowing of their punches being selected. The workman
having taken the selected punches in the punching plate and punched a card,
as heretofore, brings back the punches in the plate, and they are all forced
into the punch box, as heretofore; a workman in the meanwhile takes away
the first wire from amongst the longitudinal threads, and then draws in the

page_text: second in order to select, in the manner above described, the punches for
punching the next card, and so on till all the transverse threads in the
longitudinal threads have selected the punches for punching so many cards.
We will now describe the reading and punching machinery shewn in the
other Drawings hereunto annexed. In this machinery the same peculiarity,
as herein-before described, of reading the pattern through the transverse
threads or cords (by drawing the threads or cords in communication with the
punches through and amongst them) is retained, but in this case the cords or
threads in communication with the punches have each a sliding rod or other
suitable means for receiving the attachment of several sets of branch cords
or threads, each set of branch threads or cords when in use acting as if it were
a continuation of the longitudinal threads, by which arrangement several
readers can at the same time be reading for the same apparatus containing
punches to be used for punching pattern cards, whether such punch apparatus
be similar to that shewn in these Drawings or other suitable arrangements of
apparatus for having punches selected in order to punch Jacquard cards be
üsed. The nature of each of the views shewn by these Drawings is written
thereon, it will not therefore be necessary to repeat them here, and it will
only be desirable to state that the same letters of reference are used to indicate
the same parts in the different views in these Drawings.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS MARKED B.
o, o, are the cords or threads which are in communication with the
punches, as hereafter described; these threads or cords, as heretofore, repre-
sent the longitudinal yarns or warp of the future fabric to be woven from
the pattern which may be read or set therein. x, x, are the transverse threads
or cords which are used to set the pattern in the longitudinal cords or threads
o, o*, and the threads or cords x, x, are suitably arranged in reading frames,
which we will now proceed to explain. The machine is shewn to be suitably
arranged for receiving two reading frames, which respectively turn on axes,
but any desired number of reading frames may be employed in like manner,
the sliding bars or apparatus for bringing them in connection with the longi-
tudinal thereads, as herein described in respect to those shewn, being added;
(1), (1), represent the rectangular frame of a reading frame having two bars
or rods; (2), (2), the transverse threads or cords used for reading and setting;
the pattern in the warp being arranged in these pattern frames in a like
manner to that before described in respect to the other reading frames, ono
end of each of the transverse threads or cords x, x, having a ring attached

page_text: thereto, the other end of each of the cords or threads x, x, having. weights
attached thereto, as was formerly described and as is shewn in these Drawings,
but in this case the weights are not drawn through the longitudinal threads or
cords o*, o, as in the former case, but other wires are introduced into the
threads or cords o*, o*, when carrying up the readings set in the reading
frames so as to control the selection of the punches, as hereafter described.
(3), (3), is a sley frame through which the longitudinal threads or cords are
passed. This sley frame, when reading a pattern into the threads or cords, is
affixed to the left-hand rail of the reading frame by means of screws (4), (4),
to the arms (5), (5), of the spindle bar (6), which turns in bearings affixed
to the left-hand rail of the reading frame, and the sley bar is held at right
angles to the side rail by means of pins passed through the arms affixed to the
spindle bar and through the projections affixed to the bearings of the spindle bar,
as shewn, and when the reading frame is placed in a horizontal position, then
the arms of the spindle bar are turned out of the way and held by means of
pins passing through other projections affixed to the bearings of the spindle bar,
the sley bar having been first removed from the reading frame and raised up
so that the levers herein after described pass through the spaces in the sley
bar, this moving of the sley bar being for the purpose of having it out of the
way when transmitting the pattern which has been read into and set in the
longitudinal threads or cords to the punches, as herein-after explained,
the sley bar being retained by the screws, as shewn. And in order to prevent
the weight of the branch longitudinal cords or threads pressing too much in a
lateral direction on the ends of the levers, hereafter explained, a point bar (8)
is employed having leads of points fixed thereon, the points not being required
to be so numerous as the branch longitudinal threads, but three, four, or more
threads or cords may be between each pair of neighbouring points, thus
supporting the 'branch longitudinal threads when the reading in and setting
of the pattern is being performed, the points being turned out of the way
when the reading frame has been brought into a horizontal position, and the
branch longitudinal threads or cords are fastened to the bar (9), the points
being held in amongt the threads or cords (when reading) by pins passed
through the projecting arms (10), which enter holes in projections affixed to the
bearings of the point bar, the point bar turning in bearings affixed to the side
framing of the machine. The wires, cords, or threads o, o, are attached to
sliding bars o', o', which move in combs (11), (11), which are fixed on comb
bars across the machine, and are by means of those combs kept separate.
(12), (12), are other comb bars placed across the machine, between the plates
of which the bars o¹, o, move.
In the rods o', o', are formed notches o², into

page_text: which the upper ends of the levers, hereafter described, enter, and by which
the rods o¹ so taken hold of by the levers are moved back, drawing with them
the wires, cords, or threads o attached at the ends o" of the rods, and it will
be seen that the end of each rod o' is either turned upwards or downwards,
such arrangement being for the purpose of bringing the rows of holes in the
ends of the rods o' to correspond with the rows of needles which are used in
selecting the punches, as hereafter described, the needles being attached to the
wires or cords o. The combs (12) have the axis or wire for the levers (13)
passed through them, so that there is a lever (13) on an axis in each space
of the combs (12), such combs (12) keeping the lever in a correct position
for working into a notch in the rod o' in the same space of the comb (12);
and in order to keep down the rods o¹ in the comb (12), and to prevent the
strain to which the plates of the comb (12) would be liable, the bar (14) is
affixed across the carriage of the levers and comb bar (12), such comb bar
and parts connected therewith being capable of moving to and fro on the side
framings of the machine, as will readily be traced in the Drawings, and such
movement is accomplished in the following manner:-The two end plates (15)
of the carriage of the comb bar (12) and levers (13) are combined by means
of the comb bar (12), and the end plates (15) have each two rollers on axes
which move on the top surfaces of the side framings of the machine, there being
screws (15) which pass through the end plates (15), and work against the
inner surfaces of the side framings of the machine, thus guiding the carriage
correctly, there being similar rollers carried by axes of the end plates (15), which
work under the top rail of the side framings of the machine, all which is
clearly shown in the Drawings, and will readily be understood by the workınan
examining the same. (16) is the cam shaft of the machinery, which receives
motion from the driving shaft or axis (17), by means of the pinion (18) affixed
on that shaft taking into and driving the cog wheel (19) affixed on the cam
shaft, these shafts turning in suitable bearings, as shown. And we would
here remark, that the framing of the machinery, and in fact all the parts,
being shown by the Drawings, it will not be necessary to describe the con-
struction of all the separate parts. The workman being informed by the
description how the parts work, he will trace the construction of the parts on
the Drawings, and will readily follow the working of those parts as described.
(20) is a cam affixed on the cam axis or shaft (16), which, acting on the lever
(21), gives motion to the rod (22) connected by a pin joint to the other end of
that lever (21), such connecting rod (22) being attached by a pin joint (23) to
the arm (24) affixed to the spindle bar (25), which turns in suitable bearings,
as shown. On the ends of the spindle bar (25) are affixed arms (26), (26),

page_text: and to the upper arms are attached the rods (27), (27), by pin joints. The
other ends of such rods (27) are attached by pin joints to the upper arms (28)
affixed to the spindle bar (29), which turns in bearings, as shown. (30), (30),
are two rods for connecting the lower spindle bar arms (26) and (28) of the
spindle bars (25) and (29). Hence when the rod (22) is moved up and
down, movement will be given to the upper as well as the lower connecting
rods (27) and (30). On the rods (27) are affixed studs or projecting pins
(31), by means of which the carriages of the comb bars (12) can be readily
put in connection with the rods (27), and moved to and fro thereby. (32) are
catches, one on each side of the machine. These catches move respectively on
an axis of one of the rollers of the carriage of the comb bar (12), as shewn; and
when the catches (32) of either of the carriages are placed on and take hold
of the studs or pins (31), that carriage will be moved to and fro by the
working of the machine, and such putting of either of the carriages of the
comb bar (12) into connection with the punching machine will only be when
a reading frame has had a pattern or part of a pattern read and set therein,
and it is desired to have such pattern punched in Jacquard cards, as hereafter
explained. To the lower end of each of the levers (18) is attached one of the
branch cords or threads o; and when any of these branch threads o* are
connected, through the means of the levers (13) and the rods o', with the
cords or threads o, they will in fact represent for the time being a continuation
of the cords o, which are 'in communication with the punches for the purpose
of governing the punches and determining which of them shall make holes in
the Jacquard cards according to the pattern read into and set in the cords or
threads o*. The reading in of the pattern, when using the machinery shown
in these Drawings, is similarly performed to that before described; the trans-
verse threads or cords x, x, being held by their frames in a suitable position,
the longitudinal threads o are read into and set therein, so that when the
whole of the longitudinal threads have been read in from the pattern the
longitudinal threads or cords will contain the transverse threads in the same
positions for the same pattern as would have been the case had the pattern been
read in through the longitudinal threads, and the transverse threads introduced
and drawn through to set the pattern as heretofore, all which will readily
be understood on a careful examination and consideration of the Drawings,
aided by the description here given. A reader having read in a pattern or
part of a pattern to either of the reading frames, may at once proceed to have
the pattern or part of a pattern so read in punched in the cards by turning
the reading frame into a horizontal position, as shewn by some of the Figures,
and then successively carrying up the pattern in the following manner:-(
-(The

page_text: sley bar and points being out of the way, as above explained, and the ends
of the cords or threads fastened down), he draws through the upper of the
cords or threads a, a rod with a hook to it being attached to the ring at the
end, by which means the wire rod will be drawn into the same position as that
wherein the thread or cord x was read and set in. The workman then raises
the rod so introduced amongst the tails of the levers (13) and places the rod
in the hooks of the hook bar (33), by which it will be raised, as hereafter
described, causing those levers (13) which are on the right-hand side to bo
moved, by which the upper ends of those levers will enter into the notches
in the bars.o which are in the same spaces of the comb bar (12); the other
levers (13), which are on the left-hand side of the rod, will remain stationary
against the fixed rods (34), which are supported by the projections (35)
which are affixed at intervals across the machine, to the comb bar (12); hence
when the carriage of the comb (12) is moved, those bars o' which are acted
on by their levers (13) will be moved and will operate on their respective
punches, as hereafter explained, and in this manner can the pattern read into
any of the reading frames be worked off and punched in Jacquard cards, and
then another reading frame brought into communication with the cords or
threads o. But in working with two or more reading frames to one punch
apparatus of any suitable kind, in order to keep the punch apparatus
in regular employ, we prefer to divide the reading frames into sets of two or
more, and then to punch one card from one frame, then, whilst the next
transverse thread or cord is being moved into position, to punch a card from
another reading frame, and so on alternately, the cards being kept separate till
punched, in order to allow of such process being carried on; and in case the
reading frames are used for parts of patterns, then it will be desirable to have
the odd numbered transverse threads or cords in the first frame, thus, 1, 3, 5, 7,
and so on, and the next frame to have the even numbered transverse threads
or cords, thus, 2, 4, 6, 8, and so on, by this means the successive Jacquard
cards will be alternately punched from the two frames, thus allowing time in
each frame for bringing up the next transverse thread a whilst one of the
transverse threads of another frame is being worked off by the punches.
By this arrangement and mode of working the punch apparatus and the
workman attending to the same will be regularly employed, and in the event
of each of the reading frames having a separate complete pattern read therein,
then the cards punched from each will be kept separate. It should be stated
that when either of the carriages of the comb bars (12) is not required to be put
in motion, their catches (32) are turned over and placed on their respective studs
or pins (36) affixed to the side framings of the machine. The rods which are

page_text: introduced by the drawing out of the transverse threads or cords are raised
up by means of a series of hooks (37) on the hook bar (38), the hooks being
pressed constantly against the projections (35), which are cut away so as to
receive and guide them in their up and down movements.
The hook bar (33)
turns in bearings in the arms (39) affixed to the spindle bar (40), the hooks
being constantly borne against the projections (35) by means of the springs
(41). The spindle bar (40) moves on necks or axes in the bearings (42)
affixed to the side framings of the machine, and these hooks are put in motion
by means of the cam (43) affixed on the cam shaft (16) in the following
manner(44) is a lever which is acted on at one end by the cam (43),
and at the other it has a connecting rod (45) attached to it by a pin joint, the
upper end of such connecting rod being attached by a pin joint to the arm
(46) of the spindle bar (47), that spindle bar having another arm (48) affixed
thereto, to which is attached by a pin joint the rod (49), the other end of the
rod (49) being attached by a pin joint to the crank (50), which turns on the
axis (51), as is shown; and on the connecting rod (49) are attached pins or
studs (52), one for each spindle bar (40), there being an arm (53) to each
spindle bar (40), to which a catch (54) is affixed by a pin joint, which catch,
when it is desired the hooks of either of the hook bars should be in motion,
is placed in and partly embraces one of the pins or studs (52), and so long as
these parts are connected, the hook bar will continue to be lifted up and down
by means of the connecting rod (49), but when the catch (54) of either of
the spindle bars (40) is turned over and rests on one of the fixed studs (55)
affixed to the side framing, the hook bar of that spindle bar (40) will remain
quiet after each punching of a card; and before another wire rod from a reading
frame is introduced between the tails of the levers (13), the sliding bars o¹ are
brought back by means of the locker bar (56) in the following manner :-
(57) is a cam on the cam shaft which acts on one end of the lever ((58), the
other end of the lever (58) having attached thereto a connecting rod (59), by
means of a pin joint, the other end of such connecting rod being attached by
a pin joint to the arm (60) of the crank (61), the other arm (62) of the
crank (61) having a connecting rod (63) attached thereto by a pin joint, the
other end of such connecting rod (63) being connected by a pin joint to the
arm (64) of the locker bar (56), such locker bar turning in suitable bearings;
and the blade of the locker bar enters a notch in each of the rods o¹, as is
shown, by which the locker bar places all the rods o³ correctly, to be 'again
operated on by all or any of the levers (13), according to the part of the
pattern next to be punched. It will readily be understood by persons 'well
acquainted with punching machinery used for punching Jacquard cards that the

page_text: above described apparatus for reading and setting patterns might readily be com-
bined with the needles used for selecting the punches, such as have heretofore
been used, but we prefer to combine such apparatus with the punching machinery
shown in the Drawings, as by such means the punches have not to be re-
moved after selection, but are at once used for punching a card placed between
the punching plates combined with the other parts of the machine. (65) are
needles which are at the right-hand ends thereof affixed to the cords or
threads o, o, the other ends being capable of being acted on by cards moved
by a Jacquard barrel when it is desired to make any number of copies of a
chain of cards moved by such barrel, at which times the cords or threads o, o,
would be detached. Each of the needles has an eye formed therein, through
which a wire (66) passes, the upper end of each such wire (66) has a hook
formed thereon, as shown. These hooks, when their needles are drawn on by
the cords o, o, will be moved into a position to be raised by the blades or
plates (67) of the frame (68), whilst those needles which are not moved by
their threads or cords o, o, will be missed by the plates (67), and they will
remain in position and be the means of causing their punches to be forced
through the card placed in the machine, as will be hereafter explained. The
frame (68) is moved up and down in the following manner :-(69) are links
attached at one end by pin joints to the frame (68), the other ends of the
links being attached by pin joints to the fixed standards (70), and the frame
is raised up and down by the cams (71) on the cam shaft, which cams act on
the levers (72), the other ends of the levers being attached by pin joints to
the ends of the connecting rods (73), such connecting rods at their upper ends
being affixed to the ends of the frame (68), and at the lower parts of the
rods (73) is affixed a frame of bars 74*, which force down the sliding bars
hereafter described. The wires or rods (66) are borne away from their re-
spective blades or plates by bars in the frame (74), and the lower end of each
wire (66) being attached, as shown, to sliding bars (75), one to each of the
punches (76); and it will be seen that the punches are of different lengths,
the lower row being the longest, and the length of the punches in the upper
rows are shorter and shorter; and the cutting ends of the punches are so
arranged in respect to their lengths that they do not all come into action on
the card being punched simultaneously, but are arranged in three lengths so
as to follow each other into action; and the cutting end of each punch is
hollow, and so formed as to touch and penetrate first by two opposite points,
as will be readily understood on examining the Drawings. Each row of
sliding bars (75) from front to back, is divided, by means of a plate (77), from
the next row, and the sliding bars (75) are divided off and kept separate from

page_text: side to side in the frame which carries them by rods (78); and this apparatus
is so arranged that when either of the sliding bars (75) is raised, the punch
belonging to that sliding bar will be allowed to move back, and will not be
forced through the card which is being punched; for it will be understood that
the sliding bars (75) act as filling pieces, which, when the frame which carries
the punches is moved forward, the filling pieces behind their punches are
enabled to force forward those punches, and puncture the card. The frame
for the punches moves to and fro on the bed plate (79) of the machine, the
plates (80), (81), and (82) being affixed on the bed plate, and the stems of the
punches slide through holes formed through those plates, (83) being one of
the punching plates which is also affixed to the bed plate. The other of the
punching plates (84) is hinged to the plate (83), and between these plates the
cards are successively placed to be punched, there being studs between the
plates to guage the placing of the cards. (85) are supports for the punching
plate (84), when opened from the plate (83) to take away a card which has
been punched, and to place in another to be punched. (85*) is a lever con-
stantly drawn on by the spring (86), the upper part of the lever pressing on
the tail-piece of the punching plate (84), and the tailpiece is by a link (86*)
connected with a sliding plate (87), which is guided by screws passing through
slots, the upper end of the sliding plate having a bolt which passes through
the small hole (88) in the sliding clamping plate (89), when that plate is in
a position to allow the bolt to pass through, which it must be when the
plate (84) is opened, and the machine is then not allowed to move, as the
clutch box on the driving axis cannot be moved without the lever (114) being
moved so as to slide the clamping plate (89) so as to lock and clamp the
plate (84) against the plate (83), there being openings cut in the front of the
clamping plate and corresponding projections on the upper part of the plate
(84), hence the plate (84) cannot be lowered unless the sliding clamping plate
be first moved towards the left hand. (91) is a plate through which the
punches can move, but this plate is also capable of movement in order to draw
back the punches, there being enlargements in the punches for that purpose.
The sides of the bed plate rise upwards at (92), (92), and there is a clamping
plate at (93) which retains the punch frame down in its place on the bed plate,
as is shewn. (94) is the back of the frame. (95), (95), are two links attached
by pin joints to the link of the punch frame; the other ends of these links
have rollers which bear against the cams (96) on the cam shaft. (97), (97),
are two links, which at their lower ends move on axes carried by the projec-
tions of the framing, the upper ends of the links (97) embracing the ends of
the links (95), as shewn; and each link (97) has two rollers on an axis which

page_text: move in the grooved surfaces (98), (98), the surfaces (98) being suitably
formed for bringing back the frame of filling pieces. (99) are the small
punches which punch holes for the strings which connect the cards into a
chain; these punches are fixed through the dovetailed plates (100), which
slide into the dovetail grooves formed in the plate (91); and the punches
(101) also pass through the dovetail plates, and they are made secure in
those plates by the narrow parts of the slots formed therein. In placing the
punches (101) in their places, the dovetailed plates are slided down till the
larger openings of the slots come opposite the proper position for the punches
(101), when those punches are forced into their places, each punch having
notches on either side into which the sides of the slots pass as they are slided
down, and thus when the plate (91) is moved back, it carries with it the
whole of the punches. The plate (91) is affixed to the division and end plates
(102), (102), by means of screws (108) which pass through the plate (91),
and through tubes (104), which keep the plate (91) at its proper distance
from the division plates (102), the enlarged parts on the stems of the punches
coming in the space between the plate (91) and the division plates and parts
fixed thereto, as shewn. It is important in the working of the machine that
the person attending to the punching should not start the machinery till the
person at the reading frame is prepared; for this reason the person at the
reading frame, when he is prepared for a wire rod to be carried up by the
hooks, has the means of unlocking the machine, and thus leave it to to
the man attending the punching to start the machine. (105) is a sliding rod
or bar, having a handle (106) for each reading frame, and when it is desired
to unlock the machine, the workman forces the sliding bar (105) towards the
right hand, which will throw the weight (107) on the lever (108) to the other
side of the perpendicular, which will retain the sliding bar or rod (105) to the
position to which it was forced. The rod or bar (105) is attached by a pin
joint to the bell crank (108*), there being a sliding bolt (109) attached by a
pin joint to the other arm of the crank (108*), the lower end of the bolt:(109)
being guided by the guide (110), so that when the bolt (109) is down, it
enters a notch. in the sliding bolt (111) and holds it, such sliding bolt (111)
being supported and guided at (112). The sliding bolt (111) having a roller
on an axis which enters between the collars of the clutch box (118). The
bolt (111) being moved by the lever (114) by the workman, such lever having
a pin through a slot in it, such pin being affixed to the clamping plate of the
punching plates, there being a slot through the other end of the lever which
receives a pin affixed to the sliding bolt (111), and the sliding bolt is also
moved by the curved projection (115) on the cog wheel, which at the proper

page_text: time moves the bolt (111), thus separating the parts of the clutch box; the
stop (116)
on the bolt (111) coming under the projection (117), stops the
machine. At the same time it should be stated, that as the curved projection
(115) is liable, in moving the bolt (111), to be stopped by it, the projection (115)
is capable of sliding a short distance by its weight, so that when the workman
moves the lever (114), the projection will move out of the way of the bolt (111).
We will now proceed to explain the fourth part of our Invention, which
relates to improvements by which the pattern surface is made the means of
selecting punches for the punching of Jacquard cards, thus dispensing. with
the usual intermediate processes of reading and setting patterns by means of
longitudinal and transverse threads or cords. In the making of pattern
surfaces, as heretofore practised, it has been usual to divide the whole surface
by ruling the same with lines, so as to divide the whole surface into small
quadrangular spaces, and in printing or drawing the pattern it has been usual
to color in those spaces which are to have the longitudinal threads or cord
selected in reading. Now, in working, according to this part of our Inven-
tion, we believe it to be the best plan to retain that mode of dividing the
surface for the pattern into quadrangular spaces by intersecting lines, and
then to perforate each quadrangular space with a small hole, leaving as much
of the quadrangular space as possible. By this arrangement a pattern surface
is produced on which the pattern may be drawn, and by the act of coloring
the spaces, the holes in those spaces may be more or less closed, so as to
prevent the instruments which come on to colored spaces descending into the
holes, but they will be supported on the surface, whilst those instruments which
come to the spaces which are not colored descend into the holes thereof, they
not being stopped up. By this arrangement pattern surfaces will be obtained
with spaces which will support the instruments used at a higher elevation than
those instruments which come to spaces not colored; and pattern surfaces,
suitable for acting directly to select punches for punching Jacquard cards, may
be made of any suitable material; and the means of supporting some of the
instruments and allowing others to descend lower, may be varied; but we
prefer to have a metal surface, though other materials may be used, divided
by lines into quadrangular spaces, each space having a hole drilled or formed
therein, and then to use a paint or composition of water colors with a little
gum, sufficiently fluid to be freely laid on with a brush in drawing the pattern,
and yet not be so fluid as to flow readily through the holes, the object being to
close the holes in the act of drawing the pattern, the metal or other surface used
being suitably prepared on the surface for receiving such coloring matter, and
when the pattern has been used and the Jacquard cards punched therefrom,
the color is to be washed off, and the pattern plate used again and again.
B
3

page_text: The nature of the various views shown by these Drawings being written
thereon, it will not be necessary to repeat them here; nor will it be necessary to
describe the various parts of the punching machinery shown in these Draw-
ings, as the same has been explained in the previous Drawings, and it will only
be necessary to point out such parts as are used for the purpose of causing a
pattern surface, to select punches; at the same time, we would remark that
other punching apparatus or machinery may be used when carrying out this
part of our Invention. (118) is a pattern plate of the description above
explained. This plate is fixed on a bed (119), which is capable of being pro-
gressively moved forward a distance equal to that between the rows of holes
in the pattern plate by means of the clawker (120) acting in the teeth of
the ratchet wheel (121), on the axis of which are pinion which take into and
move the toothed racks fixed on the under side of the bed (119). Motion is
communicated to the clawker by means of a cam (122), affixed on the cam
shaft, giving motion to a lever which, by a connecting rod, gives motion to
the bell crank (124) to which the clawker is attached. The cords or wires
o, o, affixed to the needles, are attached to the end of the stems of the
hooks (125), which are kept separate in the sley (126). (127) and (128)
are two blades affixed to the connecting rods (129); the blade (127) is for
bringing all the hooks back to their places, and the blade (128) is for taking
the hooks which are not selected, and causing them to move their needles of
the punching machinery. The connecting rods (129) are each supported at
one end by a rocking lever (130), and at the other end an arm (131) affixed
to the spindle bar (132), motion being communicated to the spindle bar
(132) by means of the cam (133) acting on a lever (134), which has a con-
necting rod (185) attached thereto, the other end of the rod (135) being
attached to an arm (136) of the spindle bar (132). The stems of the
hooks (125) pass through the eyes of the needles (138), such needles being
supported at the upper parts by wires (139) passing through the upper
eyes of the needles. The frame of needles (138*) is raised up and down
in the following manner:- -(140) is a plate fixed to the standards (141),
having as many holes as there are needles, and the needles are guided in
their movement by the plate (140). To the projecting necks (142) are
attached the side rods (143), the lower ends of the rods being attached by
pin joints to the arms (144) of the spindle bar (145), this spindle bar
receiving motion from the cam (146) acting on a lever (147), to which a
connecting rod (148) is attached, the upper end of this connecting rod being
attached by a pin joint to the bell crank (149), such bell crank having a

page_text: connecting rod (150) attached by a pin joint, the other end of the connecting
rod being attached by a pin joint to the arm (151) of the spindle bar (145).
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, we would remark that we make no claim
to the various parts of the machinery or apparatus separately, nor do we
confine ourselves to the precise details shown and described, so long as the
peculiar character of either part of our Invention be retained. But what we
claim is,-
First, the mode of setting or reading patterns for Jacquard cards, whereby
several persons can at the same time be setting and reading parts, of a pattern
or several patterns (to be punched or stamped in succession) at distant intervals
longitudinally of the cords or threads which are employed in selecting the
punches.
And we also claim the mode of setting or reading patterns for Jacquard
cards, whereby the transverse threads are held in suitable positions for having
the longitudinal threads or cords which are put in communication with the
punches drawn or read through the transverse threads.
Secondly, we claim the mode of arranging sliding bars in combination with
the longitudinal cords or threads, whereby several sets of branch threads or
cords may be from time to time in communication with, and at other times
separate from, the longitudinal threads which cause the selection of the punches
for punching Jacquard cards.
And we also claim the so combining two or more reading frames with
punching machinery, that the patterns or parts of patterns being read into
them, that such readings may for each succeeding card be punched alternately
from one and then from the other reading frame when two are used, and
successively one card from each when more than two reading frames are used.
Thirdly, we claim the so constructing and combining punching machinery
that punches of several lengths are employed combined with reading and
selecting apparatus, and also with two punching plates which receive the card
to be punched between them.
And, fourthly, we claim the mode of selecting punches for punching
Jacquard cards by so constructing pattern surfaces that they may be at once
used without the intermediate processes of reading or setting.
In witness whereof, we, the said James Gibbons and Thomas Roc,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twentieth day of April,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-four.
JAMES (L.B.) GIBBONS.
THOMAS (L.S.) ROE.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twentieth day of April, in
the year of our Lord 1844, the aforesaid James Gibbons and Thomas Roe,
came before our said, Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged
the Specification aforesaid; and all and every thing therein contained and
specified, in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was
stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twentieth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-four..