CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOLITAIRES AND STUDS, GLOVE FASTENERS, AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Jackson, of Burton-on-Trent, in the County of
Stafford, Jeweller and Silversmith, for the Invention of " CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOLITAIRES AND STUDS, GLOVE FASTENERS,
AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES."
Sealed the 9th February 1877, and dated the 28th August 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Jackson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th August 1876.
CHARLES JACKSON, of Burton-on-Trent, in the County of Stafford, Jeweller and
Silversmith, CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOLITAIRES AND
STUDS, GLOVE FASTENERS, AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES."
I will describe my Invention realized as a permanently connected or combined
solitaire.
At the back of the front I form a short rectangular forked shank, the forked sides
terminating with an enlarged angular joint for receiving a pin or axis, and this part
so fashioned is connected to the back disc by means of a small flat spring chipped at
its ends by the metal of the back disc, which spring, bearing on the axis of the
forked shank before described, holds the front and back securely together, but
admits of the back disc oscillating on the said axis; and by means of raised flanges
or rounded projections on each side of the spring, and the said flanges or projections
being centrally notched, the said front and back parts will be centrally held one
over the other by the spring on the back part pressing the axis of the forked shank
of the front into the notched flanges before described. Notwithstanding, the back
has a lateral range to slide from side to side the length of the spring before men-
tioned, and by deflections in the flanges or projections the back disc may be held by
the force of the spring at right angles to the front for passing through the button
holes of a cuff or garment, to be pressed down and held in position by the central
deflection in the flanges.
The front may be ornamented in any desired way, and the size increased or
diminished according to the purpose for which such fastenings may be required, but
in every instance the back will not be detachable from the front.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Jackson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 20th February
1877.
66
CHARLES JACKSON, of Burton-on-Trent, in the County of Stafford, Jeweller and
Silversmith. CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOLITAIRES AND
STUDS, GLOVE FASTENERS, AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES."
I will describe my Invention realized as a permanently connected or combined
solitaire.
•
At the back of the front I form a short rectangular forked shank, the forked sides
terminating with an enlarged angular joint for receiving a pin or axis, and this part
so fashioned is connected to the back disc by means of a small flat spring clipped
at its ends by the metal of the back disc, which spring, bearing on the axis of
the forked shank before described holds the front and back securely together, but
admits of the back disc oscillating on the said axis; and by means of raised flanges
each side of the spring, and the said flanges being centrally notched, the said
front and back part will be centrally snapped one over the other by the spring, and
the back part pressing the axis of the forked shank of the front into the notched
flanges before described. Notwithstanding, the back has a lateral range to slide
from side to side the length of the spring before mentioned, and by deflections in
the flanges the back disc may be held by the force of the spring at right angles to
the front for passing through the bottom holes of a cuff or garment, to be pressed
down and held in position by the central deflection in the flanges
The front may be ornamented in any desired way, and the size increased or
diminished according to the purpose for which such fastenings may be required, but
in every instance the back will not be detachable from the front; notwithstanding
the part termed the front may be placed at the back and the back to the front by
reverse application, as will be understood by referring to the Drawings hereunto
annexed which I will now describe
A, Fig. 1, is a convex front part of a solitaire made from two discs of metal
united or clipped around the edges, shown here in edge view. At the back of this
front part is secured a permanent forked shank marked B, B, the two prongs being
connected by a wire passing through from side to side marked C, C, which wire
forms an axis for this part to swing on, and forms the connection between the front
part and back disc D, which has a hollow clip or recess on each side marked a, a, 3
for holding between them a thin metal spring marked E. Beneath the spring is a
curved seat for the axis C (of the forked shank) to ride on, shown at e, e, Figure 2,
in which view the forked shank B is shown in section, as also the wire axis on which
it works, marked C
The elastic force of the spring E presses down on the axis C, holding it in the
central hollow of the seat e, c, but permits the back part D to ride freely on the axis,
and when required to slide over either of the elevations of the seat an fall into
either of the hollows d or f, thus putting the lower disc D into a vertical position,
as shown in dotted lines in this view, but in front view at Figure 1; and when the
back disc D is so placed at right angles with the front disc, as at Figure 1, and in 4
dotted lines, as before stated, at Figure 2, the disc D is in position for passing
through the bottom holes of a cuff or other part of dress requiring to be united,
when the bottom disc working on the axis of the forked shank is brought parallel
with the front disc, and slid along until the axis snaps into the central recess of the
seat marked e, as clearly shown at Figure 2.
Fig 3 represents a vertical section of the front part of a solitaire with a rectan-
gular shank marked F, F, secured to the back shell of the front part, in which a thin
spring is placed and held between the shells forming the top part, and which spring

page_text: is engaged by a vertical wire or other formed loop marked g, g, the elastic force of
the spring oxerting itself against the inside of a flat bar crossing the centre of the
lower disc marked h, the lower disc being in position for passing through the button
holes of a cuff or otherwise
Fig. 4 is simply a view of the under disc of the top part marked G, G, showing
the thin spring lying across its centre marked i, and engaged by the terminal end of
the wire loop, shown separate at Fig. 5. Fig. 6 is a side view of Figure 5, with the
bottom disc H parallel with the top disc I.
Fig. 7 is a vertical section of Figures 3 and 6, showing the shank ƒ in trans-
verse or edge view, the top spring i, i, and the loop g, the lower part of which
marked k, forms the axis, as at h, Figure 5, and it is on this axis that the lower
disc H oscillates, as shown by the dotted lines beneath the bar h, shown in plan at
Figure 3, and transverse view at Figure 8 A space is provided for the axis k to
traverse from end to end of the bar, so as to place the lower disc H at right angles
with the top disc, as in Figures 1 and 3, before referred to, but as clearly exhibited
in section at Figure 8, in which Figure it is shown in dotted lines how His
restored to the horizontal position by turning on the axis and by sliding H to the
right until the axis & rides in the recess m, when the upward force of the spring i
will cause the axis to snap into the said central recess, and hold the parts in position
as in use.
Fig. 9 is a side view of a similar solitaire as exhibited at Figures 3 and 6, with
the exception that the back disc J has no lateral action, but is simply held by a
central metal shank marked n, similar to the ordinary, wire shank of metal
buttons; through this shank a wire loop passes, partially shown at Figure 10, by a
portion of the shank r being removed for that purpose, but which loop p, p, is held
up by the elastic force of the flat spring maiked S, S, Figure 11. This contrivance
will be found simple, efficient, and inexpensive
Heretofore I have represented thin metal springs between the shells of the top
disc as exerting their force upward, but this is not essential, as reference to the
sectional view, Fig. 12, will shew. In this case the spring t, t, exerts its force.down-
ward on a rectangular piston marked u, having a flanged head for bearing upward
against the spring t, t. The axis v in this case is united to the ends of the rectan-
gular shank . A cross bar is secured to the back disc L, in the centre of which an
indent is formed for riding on the axis v, but this bar with the disc L may slide
readily laterally either way, so as to put the back disc at right angles with the front
for application to or connecting dress.
Instead of using the flat spring tan helical spring may be used, as shown at
Fig. 13, the spring exerting its expanding force against the crown or inside of the
fiont disc and the flange at the top of the piston u
As another modification I apply a rectangular shank to the back of the disc, as
shown in section at Fig. 16, marked a, a, and through this outer shank works an
internal one made of thin sheet metal, which clips a centre divisional bar of an
annular ring, shown also in section in this ring marked b¹, b', the said ring freely
oscillating on this axis; but for the sake of affording controlling pressure the inner
shank or clip marked c, c, engages with a spring formed of a strip of steel marked
d, d, as at i, i, Figure 4 The inside of the annular ring, that is to say, the side
toward the back disc, is flattened for the purpose of the flat part lying against the
ectangular shank a when passing the annular ring through a button hole or holes
for use.
Fig. 17 is a flat view of the annular ring b¹, 61, showing the flattened parts f¹, f¹,
as well as the centre axis e, which is clipped by the metal, forming the internal
shank, as shown in section in the last Figure.
All the Drawings are made to an enlaged.scale for better definement, and it will
be observed by skilled artisans accustomed to the manufacture of such kind of
fancy goods that the articles and details here represented and described are capable
of being greatly diversified in finish, detail, and design or ornamentation without
departing from the nature and object of my Invention, as, for instance, both discs

page_text: composing the front and back parts may be appropriately ornamented or set with
precious stones, and used reversible, that is to say, each disc, either the small or
enlarged part, may be used in front at the taste or wish of the wearer, or one or
both discs may be fashioned hollow for receiving one or a series of small photographs,
or for jets, cameos, or other like ornament or means of finish; and instead of making
the loop, Figure 5, of wire, the same may be cut out of sheet metal, as shown at
Figure 14, the part marked being pressed into a round in its transverse section
for forming the axis, and the shank marked p in Figures 9, 10, and 11 may be
made angular, as at Fig. 15, which would permit the lower disc to which it is
attached to assume an horizontal position in relation to the top disc with more
certainty.
As the application of my Invention to fastenings suitable for gloves, shirt fronts, and
other like purposes is only a relative matter of size and appropriate finish, involving
the same principle of construction, I have not thought it necessary to show special
representations for these purposes.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which the
same may be carried into effect, I claim, the mode of connecting the front and back
parts of solitaires, studs, glove fastenings, and other like portable connectors of
dress, as herein described and set forth, that is to say, whereby the one part is made
to swing, slide, or otherwise adapt itself in an angular position to the other disc or
part, so that the lower connecting part may be casily passed through the button
holes of the articles desired to be connected, when the swinging or moving part may
be restored to a parallel central position with the other part at pleasure, and in like
manner again readily restored to the angular position for withdrawing without
injury to the button hole or garment at the convenience and pleasure of the user,
the said solitaires or studs being diversified in design and size in any appropriate
way that may be desired.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Jackson, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Sixteenth day of February, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
Witness,
JAMES S. COCKINGS,
Midland Patent Office,
17, Ann Street,
Birmingham.
CHARLES JACKSON. (L.S.)