IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BUFFERS FOR RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES, ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION PURPOSES WHERE SPRINGS ARE EMPLOYED
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Louis Tenting, ainé, of Paris, France,
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
BUFFERS FOR RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES, ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Louis Tenting
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th October 1859.
I, JOSEPH LOUIS TENTING, ainé, of Paris, France, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF BUFFERS FOR RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES, ALSO APPLICABLE TO
OTHER PURPOSES WHERE SPRINGS ARE EMPLOYED," to be as follows, that is
to say:
My Invention consists in employing compressed atmospheric air or other
suitable fluid enclosed in a lenticular or other formed bag or receptacle, made
of india-rubber or any suitable elastic material, such bag being surrounded by
a moveable metallic ring or envelope placed within the buffer cylinder, and
acted upon by a piston or plunger attached to the buffer head. The bag or
receptacle assumes a lenticular form under the pressure of the air or gas
introduced into it, so as to permit the material composing the bag, after being
submitted to shock or pressure, to recoil, and to recover its primitive position.
The dimensions and form of the bag may be varied according to the appli-
cation or purpose for which it is employed. This arrangement may be applied
to the traction and suspension springs of railway carriages.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office
by the said Joseph Louis Tenting,
on the 11th April 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
LOUIS TENTING, ainé, of Paris, France, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Joseph Louis Tenting, ainé, Her special licence that I, the said
Joseph Louis Tenting, ainé, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Joseph Louis Tenting, ainé, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BUFFERS FOR
RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES, ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES WHERE
SPRINGS ARE EMPLOYED," upon the condition, amongst others, that I, the said
Joseph Louis Tenting, ainé, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Louis Tenting, ainé, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereto annexed and
to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say :-
:
My Invention consists in employing as a spring, for traction, concussion,
suspension, and recoil, compressed atmospheric air or other suitable fluid
enclosed in a lenticular or other formed bag or recepticle, made of indian-
rubber or any suitable elastic material, such bag being surrounded by a
movable metallic cylinder placed within the buffer cylinder, and acted upon
by a piston or plunger attached to the buffer head.
To make my Invention better understood, I will proceed to describe the
Drawing hereto annexed, which represents a longitudinal section of a railway

page_text: buffer of the full size constructed according to my Invention, and in which
a represents a box; b, piston plunger; c, packing in wood; d, indian-rubber
lenticular-formed bag acting as a spring; e, movable iron ring surrounding
the bag, for avoiding the friction of the bag against the sides of the box;
f, piston plunger; 9, stopping piece; h, groove.
Compressed atmospheric air or other suitable compressed gas is enclosed
in a casing of pure indian-rubber, either vulcanized or combined with other
substances. This casing may be also made of any other suitable material
capable of producing the same effects; it may be made so as to assume the
form and dimensions required, according to its employment: It is enclosed
in the metallic and movable ring or cylinder e to protect it from tear and
friction against the sides of the box a. It is made nearly flat, and assumes
the convex lenticular form under the pressure of the air introduced into its
interior, and in such a way as to permit the material composing the casing,
when submitted to a shock from pressure or traction, to recoil, or where
employed as a spring, to take its primitive and molecular form.
Having now described my Invention, and the manner of performing the
same, I observe that I do not confine myself to the precise details of
construction, as they may vary according to the different applications to
which my Invention is susceptible of being adapted; what I claim as my
Invention, and intend to be protected by the hercin in part recited Letters
Patent is, the application, as a spring, of compressed atmospheric air or
other suitable compressed fluid, enclosed in an elastic case, in combination
with a metallic cylinder, in the manner and for the purposes herein-before
described, and represented in the annexed Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Louis Tenting, ainé, have hereto
set my hand and seal, this Seventh day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.