Improvements in Machines for Forming Bottle Necks.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 6th June, 1899-Accepted, 15th July, 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Forming Bottle Necks.
I, ALEXANDER JOSEPH RUDOLPH, of the Newberry Library, Chicago, County of
Cook and State of Illinois, United States of America, Librarian, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The object of my invention is to provide a simple, economical and efficient
machine for forming bottle necks; and the invention consists in the features,
combinations and details of construction hereinafter described and claimed.
In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional elevation of
a machine constructed in accordance with my improvements; Fig. 2 an enlarged
sectional detail taken through a portion of the cam shaft, and other mechanism
as will hereinafter appear; Figs. 3 and 4 sectional details of the means for throw-
ing the face cam into and out of action; Fig. 5 a sectional detail of the telescopic
link which connects the working beam with the operating sleeve; and Fig. 6
a sectional detail of one of the exterior forming rolls.
In constructing a machine in accordance with my improvements, I use a head
stock, which is provided with boxes in which the journal portions of a
rotatable mandrele are mounted. This rotatable mandrel is provided with tight
and loose pulleys d d by which power and motion are transmitted to the rota-
table mandrel.
To size and finish the interior of a bottle neck. the rotatable mandrel is pro-
vided with a forming plug in the front portion thereof consisting of two longi-
tudinal rolls c joined together by and with an arrow head f. This arrow head
assists in opening the bottle neck, while the rolls size and finish the interior of
the same.
To size, shape and finish the exterior of the bottle neck, a hollow shaft g
is mounted upon the rotatable mandrel so as to rotate therewith. This hollow
shaft g and the mandrel care secured together in any desired manner, either by
means of a spline and groove, or what is known as a "driving fit" that is,
where the parts fit so tightly that they have to be driven together, which latter
method is the one I prefer and the one illustrated in the drawings. The hollow
shaft is provided with a disk h, at the front portion thereof, which has dove-
tailed grooves extending radially therein so as to receive the radially movable
slides which carry forming rolls j for sizing and finishing the exterior of the
bottle neck.
It is desirable to move these slides with their forming rolls inwardly and out-
wardly, towards or from the axis of the rotatable mandrel; and in order to accom-
plish this result I provide two working" beam levers kk which are mounted
upon lugs that are formed as a portion of the hollow shaft. These "working"
beam levers are pivotally secured to the radially movable slides, and at their
inner ends are pivotally secured to what I term an operating sleeve m by means
of telescopic links. These links are made in two parts and having telescopic

page_text: engagement with each other and provided with helical coil springs p, which are
interposed between the two parts of the links and act as tension members-that
is, when the operating sleeve is pushed forwardly the inner ends of the working
beam levers are forced outwardly. Should the forming rolls meet with any hard
or cold piece of glass during formation, the springs permit the forming rolls
to be moved outwardly and thus prevent the destruction of the parts. It will
be noticed that, in order to accomplish this object, these tension springs pare
inserted between the ends of the link portion and the inner end of the link por-
tion that is, the links, as above stated, are made in two parts, while the ten-
sion spring tends to keep them in their extended condition.
0-
It is extremely desirable to form a bottle lip economically. In order to accom-
plish this result, I provide a forming sleeve q and surround the front end of
the rotatable mandrel with the same. This forming sleeve is adapted to have
a rectilinear motion that is, to be forced out when the forming rolls are in
contact with the bottle neck and curl up the front end of the bottle lip, and
when released to be forced back-all of which will more fully hereinafter appear.
To force the forming sleeve forwardly, a collar r surrounds the hollow shaft
and is connected with the forming sleeve by means of the screws s which pass
through the elongated slots in the hollow shaft. When the operating sleeve is
pushed forward a sufficient distance to force the exterior rolls into contact with
the bottle neck, it contacts this collar and forces it, together with the forming
sleeve, forwardly to curl up the forming lip. During the backward movement
of the operating sleeve a helical coiled spring, which is inserted between the
lugs on the hollow shaft and the collar, forces such collar and its forming sleeve
backwardly. It is highly desirable to operate this sleeve in an automatic manner
that is, when the bottles are heated to a uniform temperature and of a substan-
tially uniform amount of material, it is only necessary to be operated upon the
same length of time and by the same amount of force. In order to constitute
this uniformity, it is best that the machine should be operated by automatic
mechanism, and as follows:
An operating lever u is provided and pivoted on a bracket v, which is secured
to one of the forming boxes of the machine. This operating lever has a round
lug engaging an annular groove in the operating sleeve, so that during its
vibrations as indicated by the solid and dotted outlines-the operating sleeve
is moved backwardly and forwardly the required amount. A face cam w is
provided and loosely mounted on a cam shaft x, so as to be rotated thereby.
A train of two gears y, y, one of which is rigidly secured to the rotatable mandrel
and the other to the cam shaft, is arranged by intermediary mechanism herein-
after described to transmit the power and motion from the cam shaft to the
cam. It will be noticed that the speed of the rotatable mandrel is considerably
in excess of that of the cam shaft, owing to the fact that it has a pinion of about
eight or ten teeth on the rotatable mandrel and about one hundred and eighty
on the gear that is mounted on the cam shaft.
It will be seen from the above that one rotation of the cam acts to operate
the exterior forming mechanism and forming sleeve-that is, to force them into
operating contact with the bottle neck and remove them therefrom, so that the
finishing operation is performed by one rotation of the cam.
It is desirable also that mechanism be provided for starting the cam and
afterwards stopping it when it has made one complete revolution. In order to
accomplish this result, the hub of the large gear is loosely mounted upon the
cam shaft and is provided with an engaging dog 7 slidingly mounted therein.
This engaging dog is arranged to engage with the shoulders of a groove or
recess 8 in a collar 9 which is rigidly secured to the cam shaft, so that when
extraneous force is removed the dog is pushed outwards by means of the helical
coiled spring 10 to engage with the shoulders on the cam shaft collar and rotate
the same.
To hold this engaging dog in its restrained position and prevent the train of

page_text: gears from being operatively engaged with the cam shaft, a locking pin or
detent 11 is provided and adapted to bear against a shoulder 12 of the engaging
dog and hold the same backward in its back disengaging position, as is shown
very clearly in Fig. 2. To operate this detent when the cam shaft has made one
revolution, an operating rod 13 is provided and slidingly mounted on the frame
of the machine in lugs 14 and 15. This operating rod is provided with a cam
surface 16 at or near its upper end adapted to contact the face of the engaging
dog and push it backwardly against the tension of the coil spring 10, so that the
detent may drop or be forced down by the action of a coiled spring 20 into
engagement with the shoulder and push and hold the same back from engaging
with the cam shaft, thus stopping the cam shaft when it has made one revolu-
tion. When it is desirable to permit the cam shaft to be again operated, the
operating rod is pulled downwardly by means of the treadle 17 against the ten-
sion of the spring 18. When this is done, the projecting part of the detent
strikes a second cam surface 19 on the operating rod, which forces the detent
outwardly to disengage it from the engaging dog, which dog is immediately
pushed outwardly to engage the recess on the cam shaft and collar and operates
the same for one more revolution.
From the foregoing, it will be seen that, according to the will and action of
the operator, the machine can be made to complete the operation of forming
the bottle neck in one rotation of the cam and then stop, or the rotations of the
cam may be made to continue indefinitely, as may seem desirable or necessary.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In a machine of the class described, the combination of mechanism for
forming the interior and exterior of a battle neck, cam mechanism for moving
this forming mechanism into and out of contact with the bottle neck, and means
for automatically starting and stopping the cam mechanism, substantially as
described.
2. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a rotatable mandrel,
a forming plug in the front portion thereof to form the interior of a bottle neck,
mechanism for forming the exterior surface of a bottle neck, means for moving
this exterior forming mechanism towards and from the axis of the rotatable
mandrel so as to form the exterior of the bottle neck, and means for automatically
moving the exterior forming mechanism towards and from the bottle neck, sub-
stantially as described.
3. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a rotatable mandrel,
a forming plug in the front portion thereof to size and shape the interior of a
bottle neck, roll mechanism arranged to form the exterior of a bottle neck,
means for carrying the exterior forming roll mechanism toward and from the
axis of the rotatable mandrel, and cam mechanism arranged to automatically
start and stop the exterior forming mechanism, substantially as described.
4. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a rotatable mandrel
provided with a forming plug in the front portion thereof, a hollow shaft sur-
rounding the rotatable mandrel and carrying roll mechanism to form the exterior
of the bottle neck, radially movable slides upon which the exterior forming
roll mechanism is mounted, and automatic mechanism arranged to move the
slides inwardly and outwardly, substantially as described.
5. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a rotatable mandrel
provided with a forming plug in the front end thereof, roll mechanism arranged
to be moved towards or from the axial center of the rotatable mandrel so as to
form the exterior of a bottle neck, a working beam lever for each forming roll
to move the same inwardly and outwardly, and an operating sleeve slidingly
mounted around the rotatable mandrel and pivotally connected with the working

page_text: beam levers to move the same with their forming rolls inwardly and outwardly
during its reciprocations, substantially as described.
6. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a rotatable shaft
provided with a forming plug in the front end thereof, a hollow shaft surrounding
the same so as to rotate therewith and provided with a disk at or near its front
portion; two or more radially movable slides mounted upon the disk of the hollow
shaft, a forming sleeve surrounding the rotatable mandrel and arranged between
it and the hollow shaft so as to reciprocate thereon, working beam levers
pivotally secured to the hollow shaft and to the radially movable slides, an
operating sleeve slidingly mounted on either the rotatable mandrel or the hollow
shaft, link mechanism connecting the operating sleeve with the working beam
levers to vibrate the same during the reciprocations of the operating sleeve,
substantially as described.
7. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a rotatable mandrel
carrying mechanism to form the interior and exterior of a bottle neck, a cam
shaft provided with rotatable cam mechanism, lever mechanism interposed
between the bottle neck forming mechanism and the rotatable cam, whereby the
forming mechanism is moved into and out of contact with the bottle neck, and
means for automatically stopping the cam shaft after it has made one complete
revolution, substantially as described.
8. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a rotatable mandrel
carrying mechanism for forming the interior and exterior surfaces of a bottle
neck, a face cam mounted upon a rotatable cam shaft, lever mechanism inter-
posed between the cam and the bottle neck forming mechanism to operate the
same into and out of contact with the bottle neck, gear mechanism for trans-
mitting power and motion from the rotatable mandrel to the cam shaft, and
means for disengaging the gear mechanism with the cam shaft when the cam has
made one complete revolution, substantially as described.
9. In a machine of the clàss described, a forming plug for sizing, shaping
and finishing the interior of a bottle neck, comprising roll mechanism hori-
zontally arranged and carrying an arrow head to assist in opening, the bottle
neck, substantially as described.
10. In a machine of the class described, a forming plug for sizing and finish-
ing the interior surface of a bottle neck, comprising at least two rolls hori-
zontally arranged and supported and connected together at their front ends by
and with an arrow head which assists in opening the bottle neck, substantially
as described.
11. In a machine of the class described, a roll for shaping and sizing the
interior of a bottle neck surface composed of two parts an inner rotatable por-
tion and an outer longitudinally adjustable portion mounted upon the inner
part, substantially as described.
T
1
J
1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.