IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES FOR SLIDING WINDOW SASHES, AND IN THE METHOD AND MEANS OF CONVERTING THE SAME INTO REVOLVING SASHES
Year: 1884

page_text: I ROBERT ADAMS of 17 Blackman Street Borough in the county of Surrey
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPLIANCES FOR SLIDING WINDOW SASHES, AND IN THE METHOD AND MEANS
OF CONVERTING THE SAME INTO REVOLVING SASHES," to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to provide improved means for converting
ordinary sliding window sashes into revolving sashes, and to fit ordinary and
revolving sashes with improved fittings for raising, lowering, revolving and
fastening the same and excluding draught.
In altering sliding sashes into convertible sashes, I divide each stile of the sash
into two parts, vertically at or about the level of. the parting bead. I then fit the
two adjacent faces of each parted or divided stile with centres which enables one
face to revolve upon the other, such centres being by preference placed at or near
the centre of gravity of each sash. The portion of the stile which is cut away from
the sash remains fitted with the ordinary sash line and balance weights, or a new
piece may be substituted therefor. The weight of the revolving sash is sustained
by the centres provided in accordance with my improvements, and which centres
may be formed in several ways.
When the sashes, after being so fitted are required to be restored to the sliding:
arrangement, I fit moveable strips of metal brass, or other material into suitable
prepared grooves which penetrate both sides of the divided stile, and which strips
entirely exclude the entrance of air and draught where the division occurs, and
renders such convertible windows as weather proof as before the alteration.
In the stiles of such sashes I fit suitable screws, screw heads, key holes, and
analogous devices for speedily converting such sashes into revolving sashes and
vice versa. I also fit such sashes and sashes generally but more frequently the
upper sash only with pillar staples or eyes projecting inwards from the upper part
of the sash, on each side, to which staples I hook detachable rods, of sufficient
length to be within handy reach and control: the lower ends of which rods may be
fitted with handles, and also with suitable means for attaching the same to
fastenings provided for the same. By which means sashes can be readily revolved,
slidden or otherwise manipulated and fixed as desired, and although set open at
any angle or elevation, they are safe against intruders and improper entrance and,
also prevented from slamming by the action of wind.
Dated 14th March 1884

page_text: I, ROBERT ADAMS, of 17 Blackman, Street, Borough, in the County of Surrey,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPLIANCES FOR SLIDING WINDOW SASHES, AND IN THE METHOD AND MEANS
OF CONVERTING THE SAME INTO REVOLVING SASHES," and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
The object of my invention is to provide improved means for converting ordinary
sliding window sashes into revolving sashes, and to fit ordinary and revolving
sashes with improved fittings for raising, lowering, revolving and fastening the
same, and excluding draught.
In altering sliding sashes into convertible sashes, I divide each stile of the sash
into two parts, vertically, at or about the level of the parting bead. I then fit
the two adjacent faces of each parted or divided stile with centres which enables
one face to, revolve upon the other, such centres being by preference placed at or
near the centre of gravity of each sash. The portion of the stile which is cut
away from the sash remains fitted with the ordinary sash line and balance weights,
or a new piece may be substituted therefor. The weight of the revolving sash is
sustained by the centres provided in accordance with my improvements, and which
centres may be formed in several ways.
When the sashes, after being so fitted, are required to be restored to the sliding
arrangement, I fit moveable strips of metal, brass, or other material into suitably,
prepared grooves which penetrate both sides of the divided stile, and which strips
entirely exclude the entrance of air and draught where the division occurs, and
render such convertible windows as weather proof as before the alteration.
In the stiles of such sashes I fit suitable screws, screw heads, key holes, and
analogous devices for speedily converting such sashes into revolving sashes and
vice versa.
I also fit such sashes, and sashes generally, but more frequently, the upper sash
only, with pillar staples or eyes projecting inwards from the upper part of the sash,.
on each side, to which staples I hook rods (detachable or otherwise) of sufficient
length to be within handy reach and control the lower ends of which rods, may be
fitted with bandles, and also with suitable means, for attaching the same to
fastenings provided for the same. By which means sashes can be readily revolved,
slidden or otherwise manipulated and fixed as desired, and, although set open at
any angle or elevation, they are safe against intruders and improper entrance and
also prevented from slamming by the action. of wind.
And in order that my said invention may be clearly understood, reference is
hereby made. to the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters of reference,
indicate corresponding parts.
Fig. 1 is a view of a portion of a sash frame. Fig. 2 is a section, shewing the
method of excluding draught. a a is the stile. bis the pivot upon which the
sash is swung.
A right and left hand screw is applied in this case, the plate to
which the screw is affixed being screwed to the slit at and a plate with a female
screw being let into the stile a or vice versâ The slip a¹ slides between the usual
beads, and is sustained by the usual rope and weight. c is the strip or tongue for
preventing a draught from entering the room between the divided stile a and a¹
This tongue is shewn in the groove, as placed for excluding draught. The lever
clip c¹ is moved by a key inserted in the square hole c², and the clip c³ acts

page_text: therewith at the same time. The hooked end c¹ of the clip also projects over a
plate, as shewn and thereby draws the slip a¹ towards the stile a.
Instead of operating the strip or tongue by means of a key in the hole c³, as
shewn in Fig. 1, the same may be moved by means of the knob c³, shown in Fig 3.
In Figs 1 and 2. the tongue is shewn as it is placed when the window is used as
an ordinary sliding sash, and in Figs 3 and 4 the tongue is shewn withdrawn from
that position, ready for revolving the sash upon its centres. In Fig 3 also another
form of working centre is shewn in dotted lines, which will be readily understood
from the drawing.
In Fig. 5 another form of working centre b is shewn. This is screwed into a
plate and socket b', attached to the slip. Another plate 62 is fitted to the stile to
act as a bush, in which the pin b works freely. A hole is made through the stile
at b3 for insertion of this pin, whereby it can be inserted and withdrawn with the
greatest ease; a screw driver being used for the purpose.
'
These pivots and bearings are sometimes used in substitution for that shewn in
Fig 1.
In this arrangement the draught is excluded by means of a fixed tongue co.
The pin b allows the stile a to separate slightly from the slip a', as shewn in Fig 7.
The lock mechanism d is a sunk or morticed lock, which is fixed in the stile as
shewn. This is furnished with a clip d' which takes on to a plate e, and thereby
locks the stile and slip together, as shewn in Fig 5.
An additional clip is added at ff, Figs 5 and 7 to assist in keeping the stile and
slip together, the operation of which will be readily understood from the drawings.
In some cases I arrange the tongue c so that it may be drawn right out of both
grooves by means of brad-awl placed in a hole at one end or by a hook or other
suitable means.
In connection with the last mentioned arrangement, as also those shewn in
Figs 9 and 10, I prefer to use the pivots shewn in Figs 1 and 3.
In Figs 9 and 10 two other arrangements are shewn. In the arrangement
shewn in Fig 9. two or more angular slots g are made in the tongue, which work
on pins let into the stile. When the tongue is raised, it is withdrawn from the
slip a' and vice versa.
In Fig 10 two or more revolving pins or studs i actuated by a key, drive the
tongue in and out of the groove in the slip a¹.
The stud i carries a crank pin k which works in a slot m cut in a small plate n
attached to the tongue c.
Fig 11 is a plan view partly in section clearly shewing the arrangement.
Each of the foregoing devices may be transposed and used interchangeably and
in combination with one another.
Fig 12 and 13 represent an arrangement whereby the tongue co is rendered
automatic; the groove being made sufficiently deep to to receive a waved spring ",
which presses the tongue outwards, and gives way when the sash is revolved.
Fig 14 represents an eccentric fastener shewing the rod in position in connection
with the pillar staples whereby the window becomes fastened at any position
desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The use of the several and respective means and appliances for constructing
convertible sliding and revolving window sashes, substantially as hereinbefore
described and shewn on the drawings.
2. In the construction of convertible sliding and revolving window sashes, the
use of the three several forms of pivots b herein before described and shewn in
Figs 1. 3. 5 & 7 of the drawings.
3. In the construction of convertible sliding and revolving window sashes, the
use of the several forms of tongues for excluding draughts, and the methods of

page_text: operating the same, substantially as hereinbefore described and shewn on the
drawings.
4. The use of the several and respective means and appliances for operating and
adapting ordinary sliding window sashes into convertible sliding and revolving
window sashes substantially as hereinbefore described and shewn on the drawings.
D
..
1004
GEO. DOWNING,
Agent for Applicant.