Improvements in Chimneys, and in Bricks or Blocks therefor.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Dec., 1895-Accepted, 1st Feb., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Chimneys, and in Bricks or Blocks therefor.
We, CONRAD WAGNER, Engineer, and GERHARD DERTZ, Master Mason and
Chimney Builder, of Holländische Strasse 21, Cassel, Germany, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
According to this invention in making a chimney we use bricks or blocks
(hereinafter called blocks) which may be of any suitable size and shape, depending
upon the various cross-sectional dimensions and shapes of the chimney, and formed
with the object of providing a more intimate and weather-resisting binding or
bonding of the brickwork or masonry, with vertically extending holes or recesses-
which when filled with binding material, serve to connect together the vertical
joints, that is to say, to connect together the binding material contained in the said
vertical joints, so as to thereby form rods of binding material which extend
throughout the entire height of the chimney, and thus form a strongly coherent or
firmly united skeleton or framework of binding material.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings is a perspective view showing the manner
in which the blocks are arranged one upon the other.
Fig. 2 is a cross section taken through a chimney or circular form in cross section
constructed with the improved blocks.
As already stated the blocks are formed with vertically extending holes a, a²,
through the body thereof and recesses a¹ in the radial side surfaces thereof. Each
of the holes a constituting the central row of holes in each block, is made equal
in cross sectional area to the sum of the cross sectional areas of the vertical joint
formed between the two coincident recesses a¹ of the two adjoining blocks that are
situated directly above it and also of the pair of blocks that are situated directly
underneath it, so that each of the pair of recesses a³ formed in the radial side
surfaces of two adjacent blocks will coincide exactly with the corresponding
central hole a of the next overlying and underlying blocks.
As the blocks are indentical with one another as regards size and shape, it is
obvious that the remaining holes a² through the blocks will coincide when the blocks
are arranged upon one another in the manner described and shown.
The arrangement or provision of the recesses a' in the radial side surfaces of the
blocks, is of very great advantage, as they serve to prevent the passage of air
under all circumstances, which result has not been possible to attain by the use of
vertically perforated bricks such as have hitherto been used, but which have plain
sides or side joint surfaces.
It is also of great importance that the holes a a³ and recesses a' in each block
shall be arranged in an alternating or zig-zag manner with reference to each other
as shown.
can, with advantage,
Obviously the opposite flat horizontal surfaces of each block
be also formed with suitable recesses, similar to the recesses a but arranged
concentrically in the flat horizontal surfaces of the blocks and which can be filled
with binding or cementing material so that the horizontal joints between the blocks,
which have hitherto been smooth from end to end, will be thereby also protected
against the passage therethrough of air. The material in the horizontal recesses
will serve to connect together the rods of material extending through the vertical
holes and recesses, and thereby form a coherent skeleton or connected framework
of binding material. In each case an intimate and weather resisting connection or
bonding of the blocks is effected.

page_text: When the chimney which is to be built, is to have a rectangular or polygonal
form in horizontal section, or is to be of conical or tapering shape iu vertical section,
the bricks are then correspondingly modified as regards their external shape.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A chimney constructed with blocks provided with holes formed in the body of
the block such as a, a² and with recesses such as a' formed in the radial vertical
side surfaces of the blocks, or in the flat horizontal surfaces, of the blocks, or in
both these surfaces the said holes and recesses being filled with binding material, so
as to form rods of binding material which extend upward throughout the entire
height of the chimney, or so as to form a coherent skeleton or connected framework
of binding material, and whereby an intimate and weather-resisting connection or
bonding of the blocks is effected. substantially as herein described.
2. For the construction of chimneys of the kind specified in the preceding claim,
blocks having vertical holes a through the body thereof and recesses a¹ in the radial
sides thereof, with or without recesses in the top and bottom surfaces of the blocks, the
holes a which come opposite pairs of recesses a' between adjoining blocks above and
below them being each of a size to correspond with the said recesses substantially
as described and shown.
Dated this 19th day of December 1895
F. WISE HOWORTH,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.