Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Apr., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 7th Jan., 1897-Accepted, 27th Feb., 1897
1, ANDREW WILTON STEIGER, of Bridgeport, in the County of Fairfield and
State of Connecticut, United States of. America, Mechanical Expert, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in typewriting machines, more particularly
to the class having jointed type-bars.
The principal objects of the invention are, first, to provide suitable mechanism
whereby a sufficient number of type-carriers to accommodate the type or characters
necessary in a writing machine, may be arranged around a common printing-point,
under which a paper-carriage, or carrier, is made to move by its co-operative
finger-keys, to carry the printing face of the type from an inking-pad or surface,
where the type normally rest, and impress them upon the paper on the upper part
of a paper-carrier at the common printing point in plain sight of the operator;
second, to provide an improved shift-mechanism, whereby it is possible to use two
type or characters on each type-carrier, and the upper or lower type or character
may be impressed or printed upon the paper on the carriage as the carriage is
shifted up or down, carrying the printing point with it; and further to provide a
mechanism whereby the carriage may be shifted and locked in the shifted position,
or until released by a second movement; or the carriage may be shifted and return
automatically as soon as the pressure is removed from the shift-key; third, to
construct the feed mechanism in such a manner that a spring-actuated paper-
carriage may be fed along under a printing point, with a step-by-step motion, so
arranged as to effect a speedy action of the feed mechanism to prevent the working
faces of the feed-dogs from wearing out; fourth, to afford improved means for
attracting the attention of the operator when the end of the line is reached, to
provide a positive stop for the carriage at the end of the line, and to cause the
type-bars to be automatically locked at the end of the line to prevent the impression
of more than one type upon the last point. reached in the line.
The novel construction and arrangement of these parts of the machine, as
hereinafter described, has the advantage of requiring but one adjustment, and the
alarm stop and lock will operate at any predetermined point on the line of writing,
while, should the operator so desire, by the depression of an appropriate finger-key
or button in the machine, the stop and lock will be thrown out of connection with
the carriage, and further movements permitted for the impression of more
characters or letters on the same line. Fifth, to provide means whereby the paper
to be printed on may be easily inserted into the position to receive the impression
of the type, and fed regularly, step-by-step to form the spaces between the lines of
writing, adjustments being provided for the spacing of the lines according as a
wider or narrower spacing is required.
I accomplish these objects by the devices illustrated in the accompanying
drawings, in which
Fig. 1 is a general plan view of a writing machine embodying my invention,
showing more particularly the relative position of the type-bar, the paper-carriage
and the actuating finger-keys.
Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section on line 2, Fig. 1, showing the movement
of the type-bar, all but one of said type-bars being omitted to avoid confusion.

page_text: Fig. 3 is a detached view of the type-bar and its several parts, showing its
movements.
Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7 are detailed views of the several parts of the type-bar.
Fig. 8 is a side elevation of the machine shown in Fig. 1, a part of the frame
being broken away to show the relation of the several parts.
Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the carriage frame and shifting mechanism
detached from the machine.
Fig. 10 is a vertical sectional view of the machine, showing the connections of
the letter-spacing mechanism.
Fig. 11 is a detached view of the paper-carriage with its driving and letter-
spacing mechanism, the view being taken from the rear of the machine.
Fig. 12 is an enlarged, detached view of the spacing mechanism.
Figs. 13, 14 and 15 are detached views of the several parts of the spacing
mechanism.
Fig. 16 is a side elevation of the machine, a part of the frame being broken away
to show the arrangement of the alarm, stop and lock.
Fig. 17 is a detached perspective view of the paper-carriage and the several
parts thereof.
Fig. 18 is a detached view of one portion of the mechanism hereinafter fully
described.
Fig. 19 is a side elevation of the machine, showing the position of the paper-
carriage shift.
Fig. 20 is a perspective view of the paper carriage removed.
Fig. 21 is a similar view of the paper-carrying platen removed from the carriage
frame, the knurled handle being broken away to show the working parts.
Fig. 22 shows the line-spacing mechanism, the view being taken from the front
of the machine, and
Fig. 23 is an end view of the platen and its appliances.
In these several figures, like numerals refer to like parts.
The base 8 is shown as provided with upright supports 9-9, carrying the
parallel rails 10-10 a, adapted to form sliding ways for the paper-carriage 11 with
its cylindrical platen 12 adapted to have a step-by-step longitudinal movement past
the printing point 13.
The type-bars are radially arranged in a "basket" 7, concentric with the
printing point 13, and consist of the driving link 14 pivoted to the basket at 15
and preferably made of two parallel pieces, and the guide link 16 pivoted at 17.
To the outer or swinging end of these links is pivoted a type-carrier 18, having a
socket 19 into which is set the type 20.
The stem 21 of the type is preferably set at such an angle with its face, that
when the face is impressed upon the platen at the printing point, the stem will
stand vertically in the axial line of the basket 7, thus making all the type uniform.
In the normal position of the bars, the type rest on an inking-pad or surface 30,
arranged concentrically with the basket 7, and supported on the standards 9-9.
In the machine shown in the drawings, I have shown each type as carrying two
characters, or what are known as upper- and lower-case letters, thus necessitating
a shifting of the carriage as the upper- or lower-case characters are desired to be
printed, but they may be made to carry only a single character.
The type-bar is actuated to be moved inward and impressed on the paper by
means of the usual key levers 22, pivoted at 23 in the frame 8, and having at their
forward ends the key-stems 24 and finger-buttons 25, there being a lever for each
of the type-bars, and these levers are connected to actuate the bars by means of a
connecting link 26 and a supplementary link 27.
This supplementary link 27 is an important feature, as it enables the depth of
depression of the finger keys to be greatly reduced, and also allows the full power
of the key to act on the type-bar, both at the beginning and end of the stroke. It
consists of a link 27 pivoted at one end at a point 28 in the driving link 14, and so

page_text: placed in relation to the pivotal point of the driving link that when the bar is
thrown over to the printing point, a line through the pivot 28 and the pivotal
point 15 will be at nearly right angles to the pull of the connecting rod 26. The
link 27 is of such length and is so pivoted to the connecting rod 26 at 29, that when
the type-bar is in its normal position and the type bearing on the ink-pad 30, a line
through the pivotal point 29 and the pivotal point 15, will be at about a right
angle to the pull of the connecting rod. A spring 31 may be attached to the bar
and to the frame of the machine to return the bar to the pad after the printing has
been accomplished.
The movement of the type-bar is fully shown in Fig. 3, the bar being shown by
full lines in its normal position when resting on the ink-pad, and by dotted lines
when moved over to rest on the printing point.
The paper carriage 11 is supported by means of a rod 10 fixed in the brackets 9-9,
and on which rod is a sliding yoke 45 capable of a movement from side to side of
the machine equal to the length of the line required to be written. Upwardly-
extending arms 33-33 from this yoke are pivoted to the ends of the carriage
frame 11-11 at 43-43. The frout of the carriage is supported by means of a
short yoke 44 attached to the frame of the carriage and sliding on the rod 10.
extending from side to side of the machine, and supported on crank arms 46-40
pivoted to the frame of the machine, preferably by means of a rocker shaft 34,
pivoted in the brackets 9-9.
Backwardly-extending arms 35-35 are formed on the crank arms 46-46 and
to these arms are connected rods 42-42 a, by means of pins 36-36 extending
through the crank arms and through slots in the upper ends of the reds, these slots
permitting the movement of the shift-cranks 46-46 without moving the connecting
rods. The lower ends of the connecting rods 42-42 a are connected to levers
pivoted at the rear end of the base 8 and extending forward to their operating
keys 150-151 in the keyboard of the machine.
It will be readily seen that when either of the keys 150-151 are depressed, the
connecting rod connected therewith will be drawn down and the crank arms will be
thrown back and with them the rail 10 a, carrying back the carriage, the latter
swinging on the arms 33-33 and the yoke 45 to move the printing point back to
the new position required. When the shift-key is released, the carriage will fall
forward to its original position by means of its own weight.
The shift lock consists of a downwardly-projecting arm 38 on one of the shift
cranks, and a spring-actuated notched lever 39 pivoted to the frame of the machine
at 40, having a spring 47 attached to the frame of the machine and pressing it against
the arm 38. A notch 41 is made in. the upper side of the lever 39, in such a
position that when the carriage is shifted back, it will engage the arm 38 and
hold it until released. A pin 37 is fixed in the connecting rod 42 to project
over the lever 39, so that when this connecting rod is drawn down to shift the
carriage, it will bear upon and depress the lever 39, so that its notch 41 will
not engage and lock the crank arm 46.
It will be readily seen that when the key 151 (Fig. 8) is depressed, the
carriage will be shifted back, but by reason of the locking lever being depressed,.
the shift will not be locked, and when the key is released, the carriage will
return to its normal position.
If, however, the other shift key, 150, and its connecting rod 42 a are depressed,
the carriage will be shifted, and the lever 39 will rise by means of its spring 47,
and lock the carriage in its shifted position, where it will remain until the
key 151 is depressed with its pin 37 on the connecting rod 42 to force the
lock lever 39 out of engagement with the arm 38 on the shift crank 46.
1 contemplate making the supporting points of the carriage forward of the yoke
and pivotal points of the crank arms, so that the carriage will move forward from
its shifted position to its normal position by gravity, but in lieu thereof, 1 may
substitute a spring as shown at 152, Fig. 9, attached to the frame of the

page_text: machine and bearing against a lug on the crank shaft 46 so that it will tend
to return the carriage to its normal position after it has been shifted.
The longitudinal movement of the carriage is derived from the spring-actuated
drum 62 (Fig. 11) connected by a cord 56, one end of which is attached to
the carriage at 54, and the other end passes over and is attached to the driving
drum 62. The movement of the carriage by the driving drum is regulated to
give the required step-by-step movement as the type are impressed upon its
surface, by means of a toothed rack 51 attached to the carriage in a direction
parallel with its movement, and of a length equal to the line required to be
written, and notched to correspond with the spacing of the letters desired.
Adjacent to this rack is a dog-bracket 60, preferably mounted on a rod 34
extending from side to side of the machine and attached to the support 9-9. In
this dog-bracket is pivotally mounted a detent dog 57 provided at one end with
a tooth 65, which dog on being raised, will engage and hold the rack 51; and
on the other end provided with a pivotal connection 71, to which is attached a
connecting rod 63, preferably by means of a split yoke 59. A spring 58 is
attached to the rod 34, the free end of which is made to bear on the dog 57,
so that its tooth 65 will normally stand detached from the rack.
Within the dog-bracket is also pivoted a second dog 67, having a tooth 68
adapted to engage with the rack or to be withdrawn therefrom. This dog is made
in the form of a toggle; that is to say, it is composed of two parts, 66 and 67,
pivoted together, the former of which is pivoted to the dog-bracket, while to the
latter is attached the tooth 68, the whole so proportioned that when in its normal
position with the rack bearing against the tooth 68 by reason of the pull of the
spring drum 62, the dog forms a rigid detent to hold the carriage from moving,
but on drawing down the joint between the two parts 66 and 67, the toggle is
. broken and the carriage will move along until otherwise stopped. A spring 72 is
attached to the sleeve 60, the free end of which bears on the underside of the
pivotal point of the toggle so as to hold the toggle normally in its position as a
detent.
The part 66 is pivoted at one end to the part 67, and at the other end to the
bracket 60 on the same pivot with the dog 57, and it is composed of two sides
which embrace a part of the dog 57, and a bottom extending under the lug 73 on the
dog 57. A set-screw 74 is provided in the lug 73, and as the yoke 59 is drawn down
during the act of printing, it draws down the lug 73 until the screw 74 strikes the
bottom of the part 66, thereby turning it on the point where it is pivoted to the
bracket 60, and carrying its free end down to break the connection of the tooth 68
with the rack.
An arm or lug 69 is also formed on the part 67 of the toggle, and when the
toggle is broken, this arm will strike the rack-bar, and will cause the tooth 68 to
be forced out of the notch in the rack bar, and this end of the toggle will then drop
down free from the rack, while the part 57 will be forced up till the tooth 65
engages with the rack, as shown in dotted lines in Figure 11, and the carriage will
then be held by the tooth 65 on the dog 57. To accomplish this breaking of the
toggle, an arm 73 (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 12) is made to project from the
dog 57 to a position over the part 66 of the toggle-dog, so that when the connecting
rod 63 is pulled down and the dog 57 is raised till its. tooth 65 is made to engage
the rack 51, the toggle-dog will be forced down till the tooth 68 is disengaged.
from the rack-bar as before stated, and the carriage will be free to move as soon
as the tooth 65 on the dog 7 is disengaged, which will take place as soon as the
key is released, thus elevating the rod 63 and rocking out the tooth 65, and
restoring the toggle to its normal position. The set-screw 74 through the lug 73
will allow an adjustment of this movement.
To provide a release key by means of which the carriage may be moved back
and forth, independent of the dogs, a straight bar 160 is mounted on the rack by
means of screws 52 in the rack passing through diagonal slots 53 in the bar, with

page_text: an arni 50 extending through the end of the carriage and up into a convenient.
position, and provided with a finger button by which it may be depressed; a
spring 55 is attached at one end to the bar 160 and at the other end to the rack 51..
The pivotal stud 70 in the toggle-dog is extended to a position to engage and be
depressed when the release-bar 160 is lowered.
The connecting rod 63, operating the feed dogs, is attached at its lower end to a.
universal bar 64 extending from side to side of the machine immediately below the
key-levers, so that when any one key-lever is depressed it will bear down on the
universal bar and operate the feed dogs. This universal bar I preferably mount
en arms 48 pivoted to the sides of the base of the machine and provided with
springs 49 to hold them in their normal position.
The operation of the feed dogs will be readily understood to be as follows:-
On the depression of any one of the key levers to print a character, the universal
bar 64, and with it the connecting rod 63, is drawn down, thus throwing up the
detent dog 57 till its tooth 65 engages the rack and holds the carriage fast.
During this movement the lug 73 is depressed, and with it the toggle, till the latter
is broken, and its tooth 68 falls away from the rack. Upon allowing the key lever
to return to its normal position, the universal bar is allowed to rise, and the rack 51
on the earriage driven by the spring drum 62 will force the tooth 65 out from the
rack and the carriage will move, and at the same time, this movement of the dog 57
will allow the toggle dog 67 to rise until its tooth stands in position to engage the
rack, which it will do when the rack has moved the distance of one notch.
will be observed that at no time during the movement of the dogs into or out of the
rack is the full force of the driving spring of the carriage bearing on the feed dogs,.
and as the movement of the dogs is a rocking movement, there is no wear on the
faces of the dogs.
It
Immediately below the sliding carriage 11 (see Figures 16 and 17) and extending.
parallel thereto, is a grooved rod 61 extending from side to side of the machine,
supported by socket-brackets 104, Fig. 18, so as to have a limited end-to-end.
motion, also capable of being rotated in its supports. Upon this rod 61 is mounted
a sleeve 89 capable of sliding from end to end, and provided with a set-screw 83.
working through one side of it and into the groove 90 in the rod E1, so that, when
the set-screw is loosened, the sleeve may move freely along the rod without
turning on it, but when the screw is tightened the sleeve will be locked fast to
the rod.
Upon this sleeve is an upwardly-extending lug or stop 77, standing in the path.
of a stop 75 attached to the frame of the paper-carriage. It will be readily
understood that as the carriage is fed along in printing, the stop 75 will come in-
contact with the lug 77 and the rod 61 will be drawn along with the carriage till
the limit of its movement is reached, when both the rod and the carriage will be-
stopped.
Extending downwardly from the rod 61, and preferably near one end thereof, is.
an arm 93, mounted on the rod by means of a sleeve 91 to turn on the rod, and
prevented from sliding by the collars 161 and the set-screws 92, so that when the
arm is moved longitudinally, the arm 93 must move with it. The lower end of the
arm 93 is made to bear against a lever 98, preferably by resting in a notch 95 in
an arm 97 projecting from said lever 98. The lever 98 is pivoted to the base of
the machine at 103, and is pivotally connected at its forward end 102 to a comb-
shaped plate 100, extending across the machine immediately beneath the key-levers.
This comb-plate is mounted to the frame of the machine to have a sliding length-
wise movement across the underside of the key-levers and the notches 101 in the
plate are of a size to match the thickness of the key-levers, and are spaced at an
equal distance apart with the key-levers, so that the notches may be moved to
register with the levers, or they may be moved cut of register so that the solid
parts of the comb will stand immediately under the levers, and thus prevent their
being depressed. These parts are so adjusted that when the stop is in its normal
position, the openings in the comb will stand under the key-levers, and it is held in.

page_text: such position by means of a spring 94, one end of which is attached to the arm 93
and the other end to the frame of the machine.
It will be understood that when the carriage bas moved far enough to bear
against the stop 77 and move the rod 61, the comb 100 will be thereby moved over
till its teeth or solid portions come under the key-levers, and they will thereby be
locked and thus prevent the impression of another ietter or character on the paper
carried along by the paper-carriage. If, after the carriage has been stopped and
the key-levers locked, it is desired to print more characters on the line just written,
the carriage and key-levers may both be released by means of a finger key or
button 81, mounted on a lever 80 pivoted to the frame of the machine at 99 and
connected by a rod 96 to a crank arm 78 attached to the rod 61 by means of one
of the set collars 161. A depression of the key 81 will, through its lever and
connecting rod, rotate the rod 61 to move the stop 77 on the sleeve 89 out of the
path of the arm 75 on the carriage. This will allow the spring 94 to act on the
rod 93 and the comb 100 so as to return them to their normal position, when]
the writing can be continued.
In order to provide an alarm to notify the operator when the end of the line is
nearly reached, a bell 79 is mounted on the adjustable sleeve 89 by means of a
bracket 88. Upon this bracket is pivoted a bell-hammer 87 provided with a
spring 86 to draw it toward the bell to make the stroke when it is tripped. A. trip-
piece 85 is pivoted at the same piace, 84, as the hammer 87, and is made to extend
upwardly and to terminate in the arm 76 lying normally in the path of the arm 75
on the carriage. This trip-piece is capable of swinging in one direction
independently of the bell-hammer, but is retained from this movement by a light
spring 82 attached at one end to it, and at the other end to the sleeve 89.
The movement of the trip in the other direction will carry with it the bell-
hammer by reason of the lug projecting from its lower end into the path of the
bell-hammer.
As the carriage is carried aloug during the process of printing, the arm 75
thereon bears upon and pushes down the trip arm 76 and the hammer is lifted
from the bell against the action of the spring 86. When the arm 75 has passed
the arm 76, and released it, the spring 86 draws down the hammer against the
bell and the alarm is sounded. On returning the carriage, the arm 75 thereon
bears upon and pushes down the arm 76 and the trip 85 without affecting the
bell-hammer 87, and after the arm 75 has passed, the spring 82 returns the trip to
its normal position.
The paper carriage, shown in Figures 19 to 23 inclusive, provides for the
entire removal of the paper-carrying roll or platen with the paper in position
therein, whenever it is desired to substitute one piece of work for another, as
is often the case, it being understood that the original piece of work with
accompanying platen may be returned to the machine at any time and the work
continued at the point where it was left off. This is a very desirable feature,
as when manifold copies are being made, it is almost impossible to remove the
paper from the carriage and then return it in proper position to continue the work.
It very frequently happens that while the operator in an office is making manifold
copies, it becomes desirable to stop and change work; such changes may be made
back and forth with this machine with the assurance that when work is returned,
it will be in the right place to continue writing.
The end pieces 11-11 of the carriage are securely held together by the bars 165
and 166. The paper-carrying platen 12 upon which the printing is done, is made
cylindrical in form, and is mounted on a shaft 124 in one end of which is formed a
socket to set over a stud, (167, Fig. 17) in the right-hand carriage end, and at the
left-hand end is made to extend through and beyond the carriage end and to
terminate in a knurled button 114 by which it may be readily turned. The carriage
end is cut out in a "U" shaped notch to receive the shaft 124 so that the latter
may be lifted out to remove the platen, and a latch-piece 113 is pivoted to the
carriage end to hold it in place in its normal position. The platen and its

page_text: attachments are better shown in Figure 21, wherein 127 is a yoke extending from
end to end of the platen and projecting upward and embracing the shaft 124 and
pivoted thereon. To each end of this yoke is pivoted a forwardly and downwardly
projecting arm 122 terminating in a fork 113. In these arms 122 are formed
bearings 121 for the feed-roll 134, and on this feed-roll is hung by journal bearings
the paper table 116 extending from the rear of the carriage to and underneath the
platen, and up in front of it to a point just heneath the printing point, it being
cut away sufficiently to allow the feed roller 134 to pass through it and bear on
the platen.
Pivoted to the paper table at each end, at 120, slightly forward of its journal
bearings on the feed-roll, are cam arms 137 extending to the rear of the axis of
the platen up and back to the upper surface of the platen, and then joined by a
rod 112 extending from end to end of the platen. These arms are formed, as is
better shown in Figure 23, with a cam notch 136 so adjusted that when the rod 112
is drawn forward, the cam-notch 136 will operate against the axis 124 of the platen
to throw the paper-table, and with it the feed-roll, away from the platen. To
insure the springing out of the front portion of the paper-table from the platen
during this last described movement, downwardly projecting arms, 128, are formed
on the cam arms 137, into which are fastened inwardly projecting pins 123 which,
when the cam arms 137 are drawn forward to force the paper-table away from the
platen, will bear upon the under side of said paper-table at the rear of its journal
bearing and force its forward edge away from the platen. When the rod 112 is
pushed back to its normal position, the paper-table carrying the feed-roll is carried
back and made to bear upon the platen by means of adjustable springs 126 attached
at one end to the paper-table fulcrum 120 aud at the other end to adjusting
screws 135 working through projections 125 on the yoke 127. To prevent the
platen turning on its axis while inserted in the carriage, the downwardly-projecting
forked arms 113 are caused to embrace pins 170, Fig. 20, projecting inwardly from
the carriage ends.
To provide for the regular feeding of the paper line by line through the carriage,
the right-hand end of the platen is provided with a series of teeth or projections 117
extending lengthwise of the platen and set in a circle around its axis. In the
right-hand carriage head is pivoted a lever 105, one end projecting upward above
the carriage end and terminating in a flattened thumb-piece. The other end of
this lever extends inwardly through the carriage end, terminating in line with the
teeth on the platen end, and has pivoted to it a hooked lever or pawl 171, having
a hook 132 at its lower end which may engage with the teeth on the platen end,
so that a movement to the right of the thumb-piece on the lever 105 will cause the.
platen to rotate on its axis. A spring 129 is adjusted to the pivoted bearing of
the arm 105 and bearing thereon to retain it in its upright position, and a spring 172,
one end of which bears on the lever 105 and the other on the pawl 171, tends to
keep the latter in engagement with the teeth on the platen head. The distance
that the platen may be moved by the lever 105 is regulated by means of a plate 111
mounted on the carriage end by means of a shaft running through the same and
terminating in a knurled button 130, by which it may be turned. This plate is
located immediately below the inner projecting end of the lever 105 and a tail,
piece on the pawl is made to extend over it. The edge of the plate is cut away to
form the bases 108,-109-110, varying in height, so as to stop the pawl 171 in
its movement, so that it will cover one, two or three notches on the platen, and it
is so adjusted that before stopping the movement of the lever 105, it will withdraw
the pawl 171 from its engagement with the platen head. To prevent a too easy
revolution of the platen, I preferably use a detent in the form of a round headed,
spring-actuated plunger, 133, mounted in a post 131 which is mounted on the
inner side of the carriage end in line with the teeth on the platen head, so that
the plunger, actuated by its spring, will bear upon the platen head, and, under
ordinary conditions, keep it in place, but the end of the plunger is rounded and
smoothed so that by the use of a little power, the plunger will yield, and the

page_text: platen may be easily turned in its bearings. As the lever 105 is thrown over, the
top of the pawl 171 comes in contact with the top of the notch 107 and locks
the roller, preventing any overthrow.
11000
J. G. LORRAIN,
Chartered Patent Agent.
1, ANDREW WILTON STEIGER, of Bridgeport, in the County of Fairfield and
State of Connecticut, United States of America, Mechanical Expert, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to improvements in typewriting machines, more particularly
to the class having jointed type-bars.
The principal objects of the invention are, first, to provide suitable mechanism
whereby a sufficient number of type-carriers to accommodate the type or characters
necessary in a writing machine, may be arranged around a common printing-point,
under which a paper carriage, or carrier, is made to move by its co-operative
finger-keys, to carry the printing face of the type from an inking pad or surface,
where the type normally rest, and impress them upon the paper on the upper part
of a paper-carrier at the common printing point in plain sight of the operator;
-second, to provide an improved shift-mechanism, whereby it is possible to use two
type or characters on each type-carrier, and the upper or lower type or character
may be impressed or printed upon the paper on the carriage as the carriage is
shifted up or down, carrying the printing point with it; and further to provide a
mechanism whereby the carriage may be shifted and locked in the shifted position,
or until released by a second movement; or the carriage may be shifted and return
automatically as soon as the pressure is removed from the shift-key; third, to
construct the feed mechanism in such a manner that a spring-actuated paper-carriage
may be fed along under a printing point, with a step-by-step motion, so arranged
as to effect a speedy action of the feed mechanism to prevent the working faces of
the feed-dogs from wearing out; fourth, to afford improved means for attracting
the attention of the operator when the end of the line is reached, to provide a
positive stop for the carriage at the end of the line, and to cause the type-bars to
be automatically locked at the end of the line to prevent the impression of more
than one type upon the last point reached in the line.
The novel construction and arrangement of these parts of the machine, as
hereinafter described, has the advantage of requiring but one adjustment, and the
alarm stop and lock will operate at any predetermined point on the line of writing,
while, should the operator so desire, by the depression of an appropriate finger-key
or button in the machine, the stop and lock will be thrown out of connection with
the carriage, and further movements permitted for the impression of more characters
or letters on the same line. Fifth, to provide means whereby the paper to be printed
on may be easily inserted into the position to receive the impression of the type,
and fed regularly, step-by-step to form the spaces between the lines of writing,
adjustments being provided for the spacing of the lines according as a wider or
narrower spacing is required.
I accomplish these objects by the devices illustrated in the drawings left with
the Provisional Specification, in which
Fig. 1 is a general plan view of a writing machine embodying my invention,

page_text: showing more particularly the relative position of the type-bar, the paper-carriage
and the actuating finger-keys.
Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section on line 2, Fig. 1, showing the movement
of the type-bar, all but one of said type-bars being omitted to avoid confusion.
Fig. 3 is a detached view of the type-bar and its several parts, showing its
movements.
Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7 are detailed views of the several parts of the type-bar.
Fig. 8 is a side elevation of the machine shown in Fig. 1, a part of the frame
being broken away to show the relation of the several parts.
Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the carriage frame and shifting mechanism
detached from the machine.
Fig. 10 is a vertical sectional view of the machine, showing the connections of
the letter-spacing mechanism.
Fig. 11 is a detached view of the paper carriage with its driving and letter
spacing mechanism, the view being taken from the rear of the machine.
Fig. 12 is an enlarged, detached view of the spacing mechanism.
Figs. 13, 14 and 15 are detached views of the several parts of the spacing
mechanism.
Fig. 16 is a side elevation of the machine, a part of the frame being broken
away to show the arrangement of the alarm, stop and lock.
Fig. 17 is a detached perspective view of the paper-carriage and the several
parts thereof.
Fig. 18 is a detached view of one portion of the mechanism hereinafter fully
described.
Fig. 19 is a side elevation of the machine, showing the position of the paper-
carriage shift.
Fig. 20 is a perspective view of the paper carriage removed.
Fig. 21 is a similar view of the paper-carrying platen removed from the carriage
frame, the knurled handle being broken away to show the working parts.
Fig. 22 shows the line spacing mechanism, the view being taken from the front
of the machine, and
Fig. 23 is an end view of the platen and its appliances.
In these several figures, like numerals refer to like parts.
The base 8 is shown as provided with upright supports 9-9, carrying the
parallel rails 10-10, adapted to form sliding ways for the paper-carriage 11 with
its cylindrical platen 12 adapted to have a step-by-step longitudinal movement
past the printing point 13.
The type-bars are radially arranged in a "basket" 7, concentric with the
printing point 13, and consist of the driving link 14 pivoted to the basket at 15
and preferably made of two parallel pieces, and the guide link 16 pivoted at 17.
To the outer or swinging end of these links is pivoted a type-carrier 18, having a
socket 19 into which is set the type 20.
The stem 21 of the type is preferably set at such an angle with its face, that
when the face is impressed upon the platen at the printing point, the stem will
stand vertically in the axial line of the basket 7, thus making all the type uniform.
In the normal position of the bars, the type rest on an inking-pad or surface 30,
arranged concentrically with the basket 7, and supported on the standards 9-9.
In the machine shown in the drawings, 1 have shown each type as carrying
two characters, or what are known as upper- and lower-case letters, thus
necessitating a shifting of the carriage as the upper- or lower-case characters are
desired to be printed, but they may be made to carry ouly a single character.
The type-bar is actuated to be moved inward and impressed on the paper by
means of the usual key levers 22, pivoted at 23 in the frame 8, and having at their
forward ends the key-stems 24 and finger-buttons 25, there being a lever for each
of the type-bars, and these levers are connected to actuate the bars by means of a
connecting link 26 and a supplementary link 27.
This supplementary link 27 is an important feature, as it enables the depth of
B

page_text: depression of the finger keys to be greatly reduced, and also allows the full power
of the key to act on the type-bar, both at the beginning and end of the stroke.
It consists of a link 27 pivoted at one end at a point 28 in the driving link 14, and
so placed in relation to the pivotal point of the driving link that when the bar is
thrown over to the printing point, a line through the pivot 28 and the pivotal
point 15 will be at nearly right angles to the pull of the connecting rod 26. The
link 27 is of such length and is so pivoted to the connecting rod 26 at 29, that
when the type-bar is in its normal position and the type bearing on the ink-pad 30,
a line through the pivotal point 29 and the pivotal point 15, will be at about a
right angle to the pull of the connecting rod. A spring 31 may be attached to the
bar and to the frame of the machine to return the bar to the pad after the printing
has been accomplished.
The movement of the type-bar is fully shown in Fig. 3, the bar being shown by
full lines in its normal position when resting on the ink-pad, and by dotted lines
when moved over to rest on the printing point.
The paper carriage 11 is supported by means of a rod 10 fixed in the
brackets 9-9, and on which rod is a sliding yoke 45 capable of a movement from
side to side of the machine equal to the length of the line required to be written.
Upwardly-extending arms 33-33 from this yoke are pivoted to the ends of the
carriage frame 11-11 at 43-43. The front of the carriage is supported by
means of a short yoke 44 attached to the frame of the carriage and sliding on the
rod 10 extending from side to side of the machine, and supported on crank
arms 46-46 pivoted to the frame of the machine, preferably by means of a rocker
shaft 34, pivoted in the brackets 9-9.
Backwardly-extending arms 35-35 are formed on the crank arms 46-46 and
to these arms are connected rods 42-42, by means of pins 36-36 extending
through the crank arms and through slots in the upper ends of the rods, these
slots permitting the movement of the shift-cranks 46-46 without moving the
connecting rods. The lower ends of the connecting rods 42-42ª are connected
to levers pivoted at the rear end of the base 8 and extending forward to their
operating keys 150-151 in the keyboard of the machine.
It will be readily seen that when either of the keys 150-151 are depressed,
the connecting rod connected therewith will be drawn down and the crank arms
will be thrown back and with them the rail 10", carrying back the carriage, the
latter swinging on the arms 33-33 and the yoke 45 to move the printing point
back to the new position required. When the shift-key is released, the carriage
will fall forward to its original position by means of its own weight.
The shift lock consists of a downwardly-projecting arm 38 on one of the shift
cranks, and a spring-actuated notched lever 39 pivoted to the frame of the machine
at 40, having a spring 47 attached to the frame of the machine and pressing it
against the arm 38. A notch 41 is made in the upper side of the lever 39, in such
a position that when the carriage is shifted back, it will engage the arm 38 and
hold it until released. A pin 37 is fixed in the connecting rod 42 to project over
the lever 39, so that when this connecting rod is drawn down to shift the carriage,
it will bear upon and depress the lever 39, so that its notch 41 will not engage and
lock the crank arm 46.
It will be readily seen that when the key 151 (Fig. 8) is depressed, the carriage
will be shifted back, but by reason of the locking lever being depressed, the shift
will not be locked, and when the key is released, the carriage will return to its
normal position.
If, however, the other shift key, 150, and its connecting rod 42 are depressed,
the carriage will be shifted, and the lever 39 will rise by means of its spring 47,
and lock the carriage in its shifted position, where it will remain until the key 151
is depressed with its pin 37 on the connecting rod 42 to force the lock lever 39 out
of engagement with the arm 38 on the shift crank 46.
I contemplate making the supporting points of the carriage forward of the yoke
and pivotal points of the crank arms, so that the carriage will move forward from

page_text: its shifted position to its normal position by gravity, but in lieu thereof, I may
substitute a spring as shown at 152, Fig. 9, attached to the frame of the machine
and bearing against a lug on the crank shaft 46 so that it will tend to return the
carriage to its normal position after it has been shifted.
The longitudinal movement of the carriage is derived from the spring-actuated
drum 62 (Fig. 11) connected by a cord 56, one end of which is attached to the
carriage at 54, and the other end passes over and is attached to the driving
drum 62. The movement of the carriage by the driving drum is regulated to
give the required step-by-step movement as the type are impressed upon its
surface, by means of a toothed rack 51 attached to the carriage in a direction
parallel with its movement, and of a length equal to the line required to be written,
and notched to correspond with the spacing of the letters desired.
In
Adjacent to this rack is a dog-bracket 60, preferably mounted on a rod 34
extending from side to side of the machine and attached to the support 9-9.
this dog-bracket is pivotally mounted a detent dog 57 provided at one end with a
tooth 65, which dog on being raised, will engage and hold the rack 51; and on
the other end provided with a pivotal connection 71, to which is attached a
connecting rod 63, preferably by means of a split yoke 59. A spring 58 is
attached to the rod 34, the free end of which is made to bear on the dog 57, so
that its tooth 65 will normally stand detached from the rack.
Within the dog-bracket is also pivoted a second dog 67, having a tooth 68
adapted to engage with the rack or to be withdrawn therefrom. This dog is made
in the form of a toggle; that is to say, it is composed of two parts, 66 and 67,
pivoted together, the former of which is pivoted to the dog-bracket, while to the
latter is attached the tooth 68, the whole so proportioned that when in its normal
position with the rack bearing against the tooth 68 by reason of the pull of the
spring drum 62, the dog forms a rigid detent to hold the carriage from moving, but
on drawing down the joint between the two parts 66 and 67, the toggle is broken
and the carriage will move along until otherwise stopped. A spring 72 is attached
to the sleeve 60, the free end of which bears on the under side of the pivotal point
of the toggle so as to hold the toggle normally in its position as a detent.
The part 66 is pivoted at one end to the part 67, and at the other end to the
bracket 60 on the same pivot with the dog 57, and it is composed of two sides
which embrace a part of the dog 57, and a bottom extending under the lug 73 on
the dog 57. A set-screw 74 is provided in the lug 73, and as the yoke 59 is
drawn down during the act of printing, it draws down the lug 73 until the screw 74
strikes the bottom of the part 66, thereby turning it on the point where it is pivoted
to the bracket 60, and carrying its free end down to break the connection of the
tooth 68 with the rack.
An arm or lug 69 is also formed on the part 67 of the toggle, and when the
toggle is broken, this arm will strike the rack-bar, and will cause the tooth 68
to be forced out of the notch in the rack bar, and this end of the toggle will
then drop down free from the rack, while the part 57 will be forced up till the
tooth 65 engages with the rack, as shown in dotted lines in Figure 11, and the
carriage will then be held by the tooth 65 on the dog 57. To accomplish this
breaking of the toggle, an arm 73 (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 12) is made to
project from the dog 57 to a position over the part 66 of the toggle-dog, so that
when the connecting rod 63 is pulled down. and the dog 57 is raised till its tooth 65
is made to engage the rack 51, the toggle-dog will be forced down till the
tooth 68 is disengaged from the rack-bar as before stated, and the carriage will be
free to move as soon as the tooth 65 on the dog 57 is disengaged, which will take
place as soon as the key is released, thus elevating the rod 63 and knocking out the
tooth 65, and restoring the toggle to its normal position. The set-screw 74 through
the lug 73 will allow an adjustinent of this movement.
To provide a release key by means of which the carriage may be moved back
aud forth, independent of the dogs, a straight bar 160 is mounted on the rack by
means of screws 52 in the rack passing through diagonal slots 53 in the bar, with

page_text: an arm 50 extending through the end of the carriage and up into a convenient
position, and provided with a finger button by which it may be depressed;
a spring 55 is attached at one end to the bar 160 and at the other end to the
rack 51. The pivotal stud 70 in the toggle-dog is extended to a position to engage
and be depressed when the release-bar 160 is lowered.
The connecting rod 63, operating the feed dogs, is attached at its lower end to a
universal bar 64 extending from side to side of the machine immediately below the
key-levers, so that when any one key lever is depressed it will bear down on the
universal bar and operate the feed dogs. This universal bar I preferably mount
on arms 48 pivoted to the sides of the base of the machine and provided with
springs 49 to hold them in their normal position.
The operation of the feed dogs will be readily understood to be as follows:-On
the depression of any one of the key levers to print a character, the universal
bar 64, and with it the connecting rod 63, is drawn down, thus throwing up the
detent dog 57 till its tooth 65 engages the rack and holds the carriage fast.
During this movement the lug 73 is depressed, and with it the toggle, till the latter
is broken, and its tooth 68 falls away from the rack. Upon allowing the key lever
to return to its normal position, the universal bar is allowed to rise, and the rack 51
on the carriage driven by the spring drum 62 will force the tooth 65 out from the
rack and the carriage will move, and at the same time, this movement of the dog 57
will allow the toggle dog 67 to rise until its tooth stands in position to engage the
rack, which it will do when the rack has moved the distance of one notch. It will
be observed that at no time during the movement of the dogs into or out of the
rack is the full force of the driving spring of the carriage bearing on the feed dogs,
and as the movement of the dogs is a rocking movement, there is no wear on the
faces of the dogs.
.
Immediately below the sliding carriage 11 (see Figures 16 and 17) and extending
parallel thereto, is a grooved rod 61 extending from side to side of the machine,
supported by socket-brackets 104, Fig. 18, so as to have a limited end-to-end
motion, also capable of being rotated in its supports. Upon this rod 61 is mounted
a sleeve 89 capable of sliding from end to end, and provided with a set-screw 83
working through one side of it and into the groove 90 in the rod 61, so that,
when the set-screw is loosened, the sleeve may move freely along the rod without
turning on it, but when the screw is tightened the sleeve will be locked fast to
the rod.
Upon this sleeve is an upwardly-extending lug or stop 77, standing in the path
of a stop 75 attached to the frame of the paper-carriage. It will be readily
understood that as the carriage is fed along in printing, the stop 75 will come
in contact with the lug 77 and the rod 61 will be drawn along with the carriage
till the limit of its movement is reached, when both the rod and the carriage will
he stopped.
Extending downwardly from the rod 61, and preferably near one end thereof, is
an arm 93, mounted on the rod by means of a sleeve 91 to turn on the rod, and
prevented from sliding by the collars 161 and the set-screws 92, so that when the
arm is moved longitudinally the arm 93 must move with it. The lower end of the
arm 93 is made to bear against a lever 98, preferably by resting in a notch 95 in
an arm 97 projecting from said lever 98. The lever 98 is pivoted to the base of
the machine at 103, and is pivotally connected at its forward end 102 to a
comb-shaped plate 100, extending across the machine immediately beneath the
key-levers. This comb-plate is mounted to the frame of the machine to have a
sliding lengthwise movement across the underside of the key-levers and the
notches 101 in the plate are of a size to match the thickness of the key-levers, and
are spaced at an equal distance apart with the key-levers, so that the notches may
be moved to register with the levers, or they may be moved out of register so
that the solid parts of the comb will stand immediately under the levers, and thus
prevent their being depressed. These parts are so adjusted that when the stop is
in its normal position, the opening in the comb will stand under the key levers, and

page_text: it is held in such position by means of a spring 94, one enl of which is attached to
the arm 93 and the other end to the frame of the machine.
It will be understood that when the carriage has moved far enough to bear
against the stop 77 and move the rod 61, the comb 100 will be thereby moved over
till its teeth or solid portions come under the key-levers, and they will thereby be
locked and thus prevent the impression of another letter or character on the paper
carried along by the paper-carriage. If, after the carriage has been stopped and
the key-levers locked, it is desired to print more characters on the line just written,
the carriage and key levers may both be released by means of a finger key or
button 81, mounted on a lever 80 pivoted to the frame of the machine at 99 and
connected by a rod 96 to a crank arm 78 attached to the rod 61 by means of one
of the set collars 161. A depression of the key 81 will, through its lever and
connecting rod, rotate the rod 61 to move the stop 77 on the sleeve 89 out of the
path of the arm 75 on the carriage. This will allow the spring 94 to act on the
rod 93 and the comb 100 so as to return them to their normal position, when
the writing can be continued.
In order to provide an alarm to notify the operator when the end of the lie is
nearly reached, a bell 79 is mounted on the adjustable sleeve 89 by means of a
bracket 88. Upon this bracket is pivoted a bell-hammer 87 provided with a
spring 86 to draw it toward the bell to make the stroke when it is tripped.
A trip-piece 85 is pivoted at the same place, 84, as the hammer 87, and is made to
extend upwardly and to terminate in the arm 76 lying normally in the path of the
arm 75 on the carriage. This trip-piece is capable of swinging in one direction
independently of the bell-hammer, but is retained from this movement by a light
spring 82 attached at one end to it, and at the other end to the sleeve 89. The
movement of the trip in the other direction will carry with it the bell-hammer
by reason of the lug projecting from its lower end into the path of the bell-
hammer..
As the carriage is carried along during the process of printing, the arm 75
thereon bears upon and pushes down the trip arm 76 and the hammer is lifted
from the bell against the action of the spring 86. When the arm 75 has passed
the arm 76, and released it, the spring 86 draws down the hammer against the bell
and the alarm is sounded. On returning the carriage, the arm 75 thereon bears
upon and pushes down the arm 76 and the trip 85 without affecting the bell-
hammer 87, and after the arm 75 has passed, the spring 82 returns the trip to its
normal position.
The paper carriage, shown in Figures 19 to 23 inclusive, provides for the entire
removal of the paper-carrying roll or platen with the paper in position therein,
whenever it is desired to substitute one piece of work for another, as is often the
case, it being understood that the original piece of work with accompanying platen
may be returned to the machine at any time and the work continued at the point
where it was left off. This is a very desirable feature, as when manifold copies
are being made, it is almost impossible to remove the paper from the carriage and
then return it in proper position to continue the work. It very frequently happens
that while the operator in an office is making manifold copies, it becomes desirable
to stop and change work; such changes may be made back and forth with this
machine with the assurance that when work is returned, it will be in the right place
to continue writing.
The end pieces 11-11 of the carriage are securely held together by the
bars 165 and 166. The paper-carrying platen 12 upon which the printing is done,
is made cylindrical in form, and is mounted on a shaft 124 in one end of which is
formed a socket to set over a stud, (167, Fig. 17) in the right-hand carriage end,
and at the left-hand end is made to extend through and beyond the carriage end
and to terminate in a knurled button 114 by which it may be readily turned. The
carriage end is cut out in a "U" shaped notch to receive the shaft 124 so that the
latter may be lifted out to remove the platen, and a latch-piece 113 is, pivoted to
the carriage end to bold it in place in its normal position. The plateu aud its

page_text: attachments are better shown in Figure 21, wherein 127 is a yoke extending from
end to end of the platen and projecting upward and embracing the shaft 124 and
pivoted thereon. To each end of this yoke is pivoted a forwardly and down-
wardly projecting arm 122 terminating in a fork 113. In these arms 122 are
formed bearings 121 for the feed-roll 134, and on this feed-roll is hung by journal
bearings the paper table 116 extending from the rear of the carriage to and
underneath the platen, and up in front of it to a point just beneath the printing
point, it being cut away sufficiently to allow the feed roller 134 to pass through it
and bear on the platen.
Pivoted to the paper table at each end, at 120, slightly forward of its journal
bearings on the feed-roll, are cam arms 137 extending to the rear of the axis of
the platen up and back to the upper surface of the platen, and then joined by a
rod 112 extending from end to end of the platen. These arms are formed, as is
better shown in Figure 23, with a cam notch 136 so adjusted that when the rod 112
is drawn forward, the cam-notch 136 will operate against the axis 124 of the platen
to throw the paper table, and with it the feed-roll, away from the platen. To
insure the springing out of the front portion of the paper-table from the platen
during this last described movement, downwardly projecting arms, 128, are formed
on the cam arms 137, into which are fastened inwardly projecting pins 123 which,
when the cam arms 137 are drawn forward to force the paper table away from the
platen, will bear upon the under side of said paper table at the rear of its journal
bearing and force its forward edge away from the platen. When the rod 112 is
pushed back to its normal position, the paper table carrying the feed-roll is carried
back and made to bear upon the platen by means of adjustable springs 126 attached
at one end to the paper table fulcrum 120 and at the other end to adjusting
screws 135 working through projections 125 on the yoke 127. To prevent the
platen turning on its axis while inserted in the carriage, the downwardly-projecting
forked arms 113 are caused to embrace pins 170, Fig. 20, projecting inwardly.from
the carriage ends."
To provide for the regular feeding of the paper line by line through the
carriage, the right-hand end of the platen is provided with a series of teeth or
projections 117 extending lengthwise of the platen and set in a circle around its
axis. In the right-hand carriage head is pivoted a lever 105, one end projecting
upward above the carriage end and terminating in a flattened thumb-piece. The
other end of this lever extends inwardly through the carriage end, terminating in
line with the teeth on the platen end, and has pivoted to it a hooked lever or
pawl 171, having a hook 132 at its lower end which may engage with the teeth on
the platen end, so that a movement to the right of the thumb-piece on the lever 105
will cause the platen to rotate on its axis. A spring 129 is adjusted to the pivoted
bearing of the arm 105 and bearing thereon to retain it in its upright position, and
a spring 172, one end of which bears on the lever 105 and the other on the
pawl 171, tends to keep the latter in engagement with the teeth on the platen
head. The distance that the platen may be moved by the lever 105 is regulated
by means of a plate 111 mounted on the carriage end by means of a shaft running
through the sanie and terminating in a knurled button 130, by which it may be
turned. This plate is located immediately below the inner projecting end of the
lever 105 and a tail piece on the pawl is made to extend over it. The edge of
the plate is cut away to form the bases 108, 109 110, varying in height, so as to
stop the pawl 171 in its movement, so that it will cover one, two or three notches
on the platen, and it is so adjusted that before stopping the movement of the
lever 105, it will withdraw the pawl 171 from its engagement with the platen head.
To prevent a too easy revolution of the platen, I preferably use a detent in the
form of a round headed, spring-actuated plunger, 133, mounted in a post 131 which
is mounted on the inner side of the carriage end in line with the teeth on the platen
head, so that the plunger, actuated by its spring, will bear upon the platen head,
and, under ordinary conditions, keep it in place, but the end of the plunger is
rounded and smoothed so that by the use of a little power, the plunger will yield,

page_text: and the platen may be easily turned in its bearings. As the lever 105 is thrown
over, the top of the pawl 171 comes in contact with the top of the notch 107 and
locks the roller, preventing any overthrow.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a typewriting machine the combination with actuating key levers, of a
type-bar having a driving link, a guide link, a type carrier, a connecting rod, and
a supplementary link substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a paper carriage carrying a
cylindrical impression roll, an inking surface arranged opposite to said carriage in
substantially the same horizontal plane, a type-bar pivoted between said carriage
and said inking surface and normally holding the type against said inking surface
and swinging from this position, when operated to a position to impress the type
upon the upper surface of the roller in the paper carriage; a key, a key lever, and
connecting mechanism for operating the type-bar, substantially as set forth.
3. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a step-by-step paper carriage
carrying a cylindrical impression roll, and an inking pad disposed opposite said
roll in substantially the same horizontal plane, of a type-bar pivoted between the
roll and the ink pad and normally holding the type against said ink-pad, said
type-bar consisting of a guide link supported at one end on a pivot and at the
other end pivotally connected to the lower arm of a bell-crank shaped type carrier,
and a driving link pivoted at one end to the frame of the machine at a point in
front of and below the pivot of the guide link, and at the other end to the upper
arm of the bell-crank shaped type carrier, whereby when said type-bar is operated
to impress the type it will swing in an arc of a circle to invert the bell-crank
shaped type carrier and bring the type with its face against the roll, substantially
as set forth.
4. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a type-bar consisting of a
guide-link pivoted at one end to the basket and at the other end to the lower arm
of an elbow-shaped type-carrier, a driving-link pivoted at one end to the frame of
the machine, below and in front of the pivot of the guide-link, and at the other
end to the upper arm of said type-carrier; an elbow-shaped type-carrier, a key, a
key-lever, a connecting-rod attached at one end to said key-lever and at the other
end to the driving link by means of a supplementary link, as described, whereby
the whole power of the finger stroke will be given to the type-bar at the beginning
and at the end of the movement of the keys, substantially as set forth.
5. In a typewriting machine, having a type-bar, a key-lever, and a connecting-
rod, a means of connection between said type-bar and said connecting-rod, consisting
of a link (as 27) pivoted at one end to the connecting-rod and at the other end to
the type-bar, in such manner that the full power of the pull of the connecting-rod
will be imparted to the type-bar at the beginning and at the end of the stroke,
substantially as set forth.
6. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a frame, a step-by-step paper
carriage supported ou said frame, an inking pad also supported on said frame, a
basket disposed between said carriage and inking pad, a compound type-bar pivoted
in said basket and provided with a type carrier, and a type supported in said type-
carrier and provided with a shank disposed at an obtuse angle to the face of the
type, means for swinging said type-bar to throw the type from the ink-pad to
the impression roll of the paper carrier, the stem of the type standing parallel to
the vertical axial line of the basket when the type is impressed upon the printing
surface.
7. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a paper carriage, carrying a
cylindrical impression roll, an inking surface arranged opposite said carriage in
substantially the same horizontal plane, a type-bar pivoted between said carriage
and said inking surface and adapted to swing its type alternately into contact with

page_text: the inking surface and impression roll, a key lever, connecting mechanism between
the key lever and type-bar for operating the latter, and a key for actuating the
key-lever.
8. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a paper carriage, means for
imparting a longitudinal step-by-step movement to said carriage, crank-levers
provided with means for engaging said carriage, rods having a sliding connection
with said crank levers, key levers to which said rods are connected, the eliding
connections of said rods with the crank-arms permitting either rod to actuate said
arms without disturbing the other rod, and a locking device actuated by one of
said rods.
9. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a frame, a horizontal back rod,
crank arms, a horizontal front rod supported on said crank arms, a yoke adapted
to slide on said back.rod, a paper carriage pivoted on said yoke and provided with
means for engaging said front rod, a key-lever, and intermediate mechanism
between said key-lever and front rod for changing the position thereof to shift
the carriage.
10. The combination of a frame, a paper carriage, pivoted crank arms, one of
said arms being provided with a lng, a horizontal rod supported on said crank arms
and engaging said carriage, a vertical rod connected with one of said crank arms,
a key lever to which said vertical rod is connected, and a spring-actuated locking
lever provided with a notch adapted to engage the lug of said crank arm for
locking the carriage in shifted position.
11. The combination of a frame, a paper carriage, pivoted crank arms, one of
said arms being provided with a lug, a spring-actuated latch adapted to engage
said lug, two connecting rods having sliding connections with said crank arms, one
of said rods being provided with means for releasing said latch, and shift keys with
which said rods are connected, the sliding connection of said rods with the crank
arms permitting the crank arms to be actuated under the influence of one of said
rods without moving the other.
12. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a paper carriage, means for
imparting a longitudinal step-by-step movement to said carriage, crank levers
provided with means for shifting said carriage, rods having a sliding connection
with said crank levers, key levers to which said rods are connected, the sliding
connection of said arms with the crank-arms permitting either rod to actuate said
arms without disturbing the other rod, and a locking device for holding the carriage
in shifted position, one of said rods being provided with a pin for engaging said
locking device.
13. The combination of a paper carriage, means for engaging said carriage for
shifting it, comprising a crank lever provided with a lug, a spring-actuated notched
latch for engaging said lug, and a connecting rod connected with said crank lever
and provided with a pin for engaging said latch.
14. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a paper carriage, a carriage-
pulling mechanism for moving the carriage when released, a toothed rack mounted
on the paper carriage, a carriage-controlling device comprising a toggle dog
normally engaging said rack, a pivoted simple dog, means for swinging the simple
dog into engagement with said rack and simultaneously bending the toggle dog to
disengage its tooth from the rack, and means for releasing the simple dog and
restoring the toggle dog to a straight position whereby the carriage is permitted
to move under the action of its pulling mechanism until the rack is re-engaged by
the tooth of the toggle dog.
15. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a paper carriage, a carriage-
pulling mechanism for moving the carriage when released, a toothed rack mounted
on the paper carriage, a carriage controlling device comprising a toggle dog
normally engaging said rack and provided with an extension beyond its tooth
adapted for contact with said rack, a pivoted simple dog, means for swinging the
simple dog into engagement with said rack and simultaneously bending the toggle dog
to throw its extension into contact with said rack to disengage the tooth therefrom,

page_text: and means for releasing the simple dog an1 restoring the toggle dog to a straight
position, whereby the carriage is permitted to move under the action of its
pulling mechanism until the rack is re-engaged by the tooth of the toggle dog.
16. In a typewriter, the combination of a paper carriage, a carriage-pulling
mechanism, for moving the carriage when released, a toothed rack mounted on
said carriage, a carriage-controlling device comprising a toggle dog normally
engaging said rack and a pivoted simple dog provided with a projection for
engaging the toggle dog, means for swinging the simple dog to cause the bending
of the toggle dog to disengage its tooth from the rack and cause the engagement
of the tooth of the simple dog, and means for releasing the simple dog and restoring
the toggle dog to a straight position whereby the carriage is permitted to move
under the action of its pulling mechanism until the rack is re-engaged by the tooth
of the toggle dog.
17. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a paper carriage, a carriage-
pulling mechanism for moving the carriage when released, a to thed rack mounted
on the paper carriage, a carriage-controlling device comprising a toggle dog normally
engaging said rack, and a pivoted simple dog provided with a projection adapted
to engage one member of the toggle dog for bending the latter, a universal bar,
a connecting device between said universal bar and said simple dog, and key levers
for actuating said universal bar.
. 18. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a bar supporting a bracket 60,
a rocking dog 57 pivoted on said bracket, and provided at one end with a tooth 65
under the rack bar and at the other end a projection acted upon by a spring, to
maintain said tooth away from the rack bar, a connection between said projection
and a pivoted bar extending under and acted upon by the key levers whereby the
depression of a key will cause the tooth on the rocking dog to enter the rack bar, a
projection 73 on said dogs, a dog composed of two parts 67 and 66 pivoted together
to form a toggle, the part 67 having a projecting arm 69 extending under the rack
bar, and a tooth 68 normally in engagement with the rack bar, the part 66 pivoted
at one end to the part 67 and at the other end to the bracket 60 on the same pivot
with the dog 57, and composed of two sides which embrace a part of the dog 57,
and a bottom extending under the lug 73 on the dog 57, whereby when said lug is
depressed the toggle will be broken and the tooth 68 will be withdrawn from the
rack bar thereby permitting it to move when the tooth 65 is withdrawn in the return
action of the key lever, and a spring 72 acting to restore the toggle and maintain
the tooth 68 in the rack bar.
19. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a frame, a moving paper-
carriage mounted on said frame, ways disposed in alignment on said frame parallel
with said carriage, a longitudinal slide rod ineunted in said ways parallel with the
carriage, key levers, a lock for said key levers, intermediate mechanism between
said slide rod and said lock, a stop on said rod, and a trip on said carriage adapted
to engage said stop, the engagement of the stop serving to slide said rod, and the
sliding of the rod serving to operate said lock, substantially as described.
20. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a frame, a paper carriage.
mounted thereon, a sliding rod also mounted on said frame, key levers, a lock for
said key levers, intermediate mechanism between said slide rod and said lock, stop
on said rod, a trip on said carriage adapted to engage said stop, the engagement of
the stop serving to slide said rod and the sliding of said rod serving to operate
said lock, a key mechanism for locking said rod to take said stop out of the
path of said trip, and means for restoring the rod and lock to their normal
positions.
21. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a frame, a moving paper-
carriage mounted on said frame, a sliding rod also mounted on said frame, key
levers, a sliding comb disposed under said key levers and adapted to serve as a
lock therefor, intermediate mechanism between said slide rod and said comb, a stop
on said rod, and a trip on the carriage adapted to engage said stop, the engagement.
C

page_text: of the stop serving to slide said rod, and the sliding of the rod serving to slide
said comb to lock said type bars.
22.. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a frame, a moving paper-
carriage mounted on said frame, a sliding rod also mounted on said frame, key
levers, a lock for said key levers, intermediate mechanism between said slide rod
and said lock, a stop on said rod adjustable longitudinally thereof, means for
preventing axial adjustment of said stop on said rod, and a trip on said carriage
adapted to engage said stop, the engagement of the stop serving to slide said rod,
and the sliding of the rod serving to operate said lock.
23. In a typewriting machiue, the combination with the key levers of a comb-
shaped plate mounted on the frame and having a longitudinal movement across
the underside of the key-levers, and having the teeth spaced as described, so that
the teeth and notches will register with the key-levers, and thus as the plate is
moved will permit or prevent the movement of the levers, a rod having a longitudinal
movement under the paper-carriage, a stop on said rod so located that when in its
normal position the notches in the comb will stand under the key levers, a sleeve
loose on the rod, fixed sleeves on each side of the rotatable sleeve, an arm projecting
from said loose sleeve, levers connecting said arm to the movable comb, and a
spring acting to maintain the notches in the comb under the key levers, substantially
as set forth.
. 24. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a frame, a moving paper-
carriage mounted on said frame, a sliding rod also mounted on said frame, and
provided with fixed sleeves and with a loose sleeve between said fixed sleeves,
key levers, a lock for said key levers, an arm projecting from said loose sleeves,
pivots connecting said arm with said lock, a stop on said rod, a trip on said
carriage adapted to engage said stop to move said rod, an arm carrying sleeve
to operate said lock, and means for retracting said rod...
25. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a frame, a moving paper-
carriage mounted on said frame, a sliding rod mounted on said frame and provided
with fixed sleeves and with a loose sleeve between said fixed sleeves, key levers,
a lock for said key levers, an arm projecting from said loose sleeve, pivots
connecting said arm with said lock, a stop on said rod, a trip on said carriage
adapted to engage said stop to move said rod, an arm carrying a sleeve to
operate said lock, means for retracting said rod, a lug on said loose sleeve, and a
key mechanism connected with said lug for oscillating said sleeve to release said
lock.
26. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a platen supported
thereon, a feed-roll, a paper-table, means for supporting said feed roll, means for
pressing said feed-roll towards said platen, pivoted cam arms adapted to engage
the shaft of the platen, and means for holding said paper feed-roll away from
said platen against the tension of said spring.
27. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a platen supported
thereon, a paper-table a spring for pressing said paper-table towards said platen,
and a separate shifting mechanism for moving the table away from said platen
against the tension of said spring.
28. In a typewriter, the combination of a carriage, a platen supported thereon,
a hanger on the shaft of said platen, arms pivoted to said hanger, a paper-table
pivoted on said arms, a spring for pressing said table against said platen, and
pivoted cam arms for swinging said table out of contact with the platen.
29. In a typewriter, the combination of a carriage,
a hanger on the shaft of said platen, arms pivoted to said hanger, a paper-table
platen supported thereon,
pivoted on said arms, a spring for pressing said table against said platen, and cam
arms pivoted to said paper-table and adapted to engage the shaft of said platen
for swinging the paper-table out of contact therewith.
a
30. In a typewriter, the combination of a carriage, a platen supported thereon,
a hanger on the shaft of said platen, arms pivoted to said banger, a paper-table

page_text: pivoted on said arms, a spring for pressing said table towards said platen, and
cam arms pivoted to said paper-table and adapted to engage the shaft of said
platen for swinging the paper-table out of contact therewith, said cam arms being
provided with downwardly extending arms having means for engaging the underside
of said table in the rear of its pivot.
31. In a typewriter, the combination of a carriage, a platen supporte 1 thereon,
a hanger on the shaft of said platen, arms pivoted to said hanger, a paper-table
pivoted on said arms, a spring for pressing said table towards said platen, cam arms
pivoted on said paper-table and adapted to engage the shaft of said platen to
swing the paper-holder out of contact therewith, and a connecting bar for said
cam arms extending over the rear portion of the platen.
32. The combination of a paper-carriage, a platen supported thereon, a paper-
table, means for supporting said paper-table, means for holding said paper-table
in contact with the platen at the front thereof, a movable rol disposed adjacent to
the platen over the upper portion thereof for holding the paper in horizontal
position above the platen, and devices connecting the paper-table and rod whereby
they are movable in unison away from the platen for the insertion of the paper.
33. In a typewriter, the combination of a removable platen, a hanger pivoted
on the shaft of said platen, arms pivoted on said hanger, a paper-table having a
pivotal connection with said arms, and springs connecting said hanger and paper-
table in front of the pivots of said table and arms, whereby said parts are held in
proper relative positions when removed from the carriage.
34. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a paper-carriage, a removable
platen, a paper-table, mechanism for suspending said table from the shaft of said
platen, and a locking device, one part of which is stationary on said carriage and
the other part disposed on said mechanism, the part on said mechanism engaging
the part on the carriage when the platen is placed in the carriage and serving to
retain the paper-holding mechanism in proper position relative to the carriage.
35. In a typewriter, the combination of a paper-carriage, provided with fixed
pins at its opposite ends, a removable platen supported thereon, a hanger suspended
from the shaft of said platen, arms pivoted on said hanger and provided with
means for engaging said pins, a paper-table having a pivotal connection with said
arins, and springs connecting said hanger and paper-table in front of the pivots of
said table and arms.
36. In a typewriter, the combination of a paper-carriage, a cylindrical platen
mounted thereon and provided with ratchet teeth on one end, a lever pivoted near
one end on said carriage and adapted to swing in line with the movement thereof,
a pawl pivoted directly to the inner end of the said lever and provided on its inner
face with a pawl tooth for engaging said ratchet teeth and on its outer face with a
tail piece, and a space regulator consisting of an adjustable stepped plate with
which said tail piece engages to regulate the throw of the pawl.
37. In a typewriter, the combination of a paper-carriage, a cylindrical platen
mounted thereon and provided with ratchet teeth at one end, a lever pivoted near
one end of said carriage and adapted to swing in line with the movement thereof,
a pawl pivoted directly to the inner end of said lever and provided on its inner
face with a pawl tooth for engaging said ratchet teeth and on its outer face with a
tail piece, a rotatable plate provided with teeth adapted to be engaged by said
tail piece, and a knob for turning said plate.
Dated this 6th day of January 1897.