Improvements in Mechanism for Regulating the Force of Dynamos or Magneto Electric Generators.
Year: 1888

page_text: Improvements in Mechanism for Regulating the Force of Dynamos
or Magneto Electric Generators.
I, HERBERT JOHN HADDAN of the firm of Herbert & Co., Patent Agents, of
18 Buckingham Street, Strand London in the County of Middlesex, (Civil Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention, a communication to me from abroad
by Warren Samuel Hill, of Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America,
Machinist, to be as follows:-
•
This invention relates to a novel mechanism adapted to be used in connection with
a dynamo or magneto electric generator to regulate the force of the current taken
therefrom in order that it may be kept as nearly uniform as possible; and it relates
particularly to that class of regulators in which the brushes of the commutators are
mounted loosely upon the axis thereof and are adapted to be automatically shifted
toward or from the neutral points of the commutators as the amount of work required
of the machine is varied.
In order that the details of the invention may be better understood I have
illustrated the mechanism whereby it is carried out, in the accompanying drawing,
wherein―
Fig. 1 is a top view of a dynamo electric generator having a regulator embodying
this invention applied thereto.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the same.
In the drawings wherein similar letters of reference indicate like parts A designates
the field magnets between the poles of which revolves the armature B, the shaft of
which is suitably journalled in standards or uprights. C represents the commutator
which is borne upon by the brushes D, D, carried by arms d, projecting from a cross
head or yoke E, which is loosely mounted upon the shaft 6 of the armature so as to
have a limited movement thereon in order that the brushes may be shifted upon the
commutator so that they may be made to engage therewith more or less nearly along
the neutral lines.
The immediate devices for moving the cross-head E and through it the brushes I
have shown as consisting of an arm F projecting from the cross-head, a link G,
connected therewith and uniting it with a link or lever H, pivotally connected to and
extending upward from the floor or standard of the machine.
Mounted upon a short shaft or arm I, projecting about centrally from lever H
is a worm wheel K, meshing above and below with worm threaded shafts presently
to be described

page_text: Upon the outer end of the shaft of the armature is a worm L which in turn
gears with a worm wheel M. This wheel is keyed to a shaft N upon the central
portion of which is the worm thread n meshing with wheel K. O is another shaft
similar to the one N, and having formed centrally thereon a worm o engaging with
the wheel K, at a point diametrically opposite the point of engagement with worin n.
The two shafts are suitably journalled in a frame P whereby they are held in constant
and fixed relations to each other. This frame is provided between the two shafts
with ways or guides p parallel to the shafts and in which is fitted and slides a box
(shown in dotted lines Fig. 2) carried upon the shaft or arm I. This box serves to
maintain the wheel K in uniform mesh with both worms n and o, whether it be shifted
in one direction or the other longitudinally of the shafts.
It will be seen from the above description that if the shafts N and 0, turn with
uniform speed in opposite directions that the wheel K will simply be turned upon its
axis without there being any tendency whatever for it to travel longitudinally of the
shafts. But should one shaft be made, from any cause, to revolve more rapidly than
the other a rectilineal movement will be given the wheel K as well as a rotary, to
the left if shaft N rotates the faster, and to the right if shaft O. Such rectilineal
movement which is rendered parallel to shafts N and O by the ways p and the box
engaging therewith-results through intermediate parts I, H, G, and F in rocking
the cross head and hence shifting the contact points of the brushes with the
commutator.
The shaft N as above described, is driven by the armature B and for the purposes
of this description its speed may be considered as being uniform. The other shaft O,
is driven by the armature shaft of a sinall motor Q, situated in and driven by the
current in the circuit of the generator either in shunt or direct. As the strength
of the current in this working circuit is subject to variation, as for instance, by the
cutting out or in of more or less lamps, supposing it to be used to operate an electric
light system, the speed of this motor Q, will be correspondingly varied in a manner
well understood by those skilled in the art.
From the above detailed description of one way of carrying out the invention the
operation will be understood without further description and it will be seen. that the
principle of this invention depends upon the fact that I have two driving mechanisms
operating upon a single device in such a manner that when the speed of said
mechanisms is the same and produces an equal amount of motion on the brush
operating device the brushes will remain fixed in their relations to the commutator but
as soon as the relative speed of the mechanisms is varied so that the device is moved
to a greater or less extent by one or the other of such mechanisms the brushes will be
shifted in accordance with such movement and will thus automatically change the
relation of the mechanisms and restore them to their normal condition.
From this it will appear that this invention, broadly stated, may be said to consist
in a mechanism driven by the armature direct and another mechanism driven by the
current produced by the machine, both of which mechanisms operate upon a device
connected with the brushes of the machine in such a manner that when the speed of
these mechanisms is the same the brushes will remain stationary but when the relations
between the speed of the worms are varied the device operates to move the brushes
in accordance therewith and to vary the amount of current in the circuit of the
machine.
It is obvious that there are other well known mechanical devices which operate
upon the same principle as the one illustrated and which are included in the scope of
this invention.
HERBERT & Co.,
Agents to Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Mechanism for Regulating the Force of Dynamos
or Magneto Electric Generators.
I HERBERT JOHN HADDAN of the firm of Herbert & Co., Patent Agents of
18 Buckingham Street, Strand W.C., in the County of Middlesex Civil Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention a communication to me from abroad
by Warren Samuel Hill of Boston, State of Massachusetts, United States of America,
Machinist and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to a novel mechanism adapted to be used in connection with
a dynamo or magneto electro generator to regulate the force of the current taken
therefrom in order that it may be kept as nearly uniform as possible, and it relates
particularly to that class of regulators in which the brushes of the commutators are
mounted loosely upon the axis thereof and are adapted to be automatically shifted
toward or from the neutral points of the commutators as the amount of work required
of the machine is varied.
In order that the details of this invention may be better understood I have
illustrated the mechanism whereby it is carried out in the drawing filed with the
provisional specification wherein.
Fig. 1 is a top view of a dynamo electric generator having a regulator embodying
this invention applied thereto.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the same.
In the drawings wherein similar letters of reference indicate like parts, A designates
the field magnets, between the poles of which revolves the armature B, the shaft of
which is suitably journalled in standards or uprights.
C representates the commutator which is borne upon by brushes D D carried by
arms & projecting from a cross head or yoke E which is loosely mounted upon the
shaft of the armature so as to have a limited movement thereon in order that the
brushes may be shifted upon the commutator so that they may be made to engage
therewith more or less nearly along the neutral lines.
The immediate devices for moving the cross head E and through it the brushes
I have shown as consisting of an arm F projecting from the cross head, a link G
connected therewith and uniting it with a link or lever H pivotally connected to and
extending upward from the floor or standard of the machine.
Mounted upon a short shaft or arm I, projecting about centrally from lever H is
a worm wheel K meshing above and below with worm threaded shafts presently to be
described.
°
Upon the outer end of the shaft of the armature is a worm L which in turn gears
with a worm wheel M. This wheel is keyed to a shaft N upon the central portion of
which is the worm thread n meshing with wheel K. O is another shaft similar to
the one N and having formed centrally thereon, a worm o engaging with the wheel K
at a point, diametrically opposite the point of engagement with worm n. The two

page_text: shafts are suitably journalled in a frame P whereby they are held in constant and
fixed relations to each other. This frame is provided between the two shafts with
ways or guides p_parallel to the shafts and in which is fitted and slides a box (shown
in dotted lines in Fig. 2) carried upon the shaft or arm I. This box serves to maintain
the wheel K in uniform mesh with both worms n and o whether it be shifted in one
direction or the other longitudinally of the shafts.
It will be seen from the above description that if the shafts N and O turn with
uniform speed in opposite directions that the wheel K will simply be turned upon its
axis without there being any tendency whatever for it to travel longitudinally of the
shafts. But should one shaft be made, from any cause to revolve more rapidly than
the other, a rectilineal movement will be given to the wheel K as well as a rotary,
to the left if shaft N rotates the faster and to the right if shaft O. Such rectilineal
movement (which is rendered parallel to shafts N and O by the ways p and the box
engaging therewith) results through intermediate parts 1, H, G, and F in rocking
the cross head and hence shifting the contact points of the brushes with the
commutator.
The shaft N as above described, is driven by the armature B and for the purposes
of this description its speed may be considered as being uniform. The other shaft O
is driven by the armature shaft of a small motor situated in and driven by the
current in the circuit of the generator either in shunt or direct. As the strength
of the current in this working circuit is subject to variation, as for instance by the
cutting out or in of more or less lamps, supposing it to be used to operate an electric
light system, the speed of this motor Q will be correspondingly varied in a manner
well understood by those skilled in the art.
From the above detailed description of one way of carrying out the invention
the operation will be understood without further description and it will be seen that
the principle of the invention depends upon the fact that I have two driving
mechanisms operating upon a single device in such a manner that when the speed
of said mechanisms is the same and produces an equal amount of motion on the brush
operating device the brushes will remain fixed in their relations to the commutator
but as soon as the relative speed of the mechanisms is varied so that the device is
moved to a greater or less extent by one or the other of such mechanisms the
brushes will be shifted in accordance with such movement and will thus automatically
change the relation of the mechanisms and restore them to their normal condition.
From this it will appear that the invention broadly stated may be said to consist
in a mechanism driven by the armature direct and another mechanism driven by the
current produced by the machine, both of which mechanisms operate upon a device
connected with the brushes of the machine in such a manner that when the speed
of these mechanisms is the same, the brushes will remain stationary, but when the
relations between the speed of the worms, are varied the device operates to move
the brushes in accordance therewith and to vary the amount of current in the circuit
of the machine.
It is obvious that there are other well known mechanical devices which operate
upon the same principle as the one illustrated and which are included in the scope
of this invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. The combination with an electric generator of a mechanism driven by the
armature thereof and another mechanism driven by a motor included in the circuit
of the machine, and connections between said mechanisms and the brushes whereby
the position of the brushes may be regulated in accordance with the relations of the
speed of said mechanisms substantially as described.
2. The combination with an electric generator and brush operating mechanism,
of connections between said brush operating mechanism and the shaft of the armature
and other connections between said-brush operating mechanism and a motor included

page_text: in the circuit of the machine, the arrangement being such that when said connections
operate normally, the brushes will be maintained in their proper position upon the
commutator and when the relations of the connections vary, the brush operating
device will vary the position of the brushes in accordance with such variations
substantially as described.
3. The combination with an electric generator and brush operating mechanism, of
a worm connected with the shaft of the armature of the machine, and another worm
connected with a motor included in the external circuit of the machine, the said worms
operating to control the position of the brush upon the armature in accordance with
their relative speeds substantiaily as described.
4. The combination with an electric generator and movable brushes of a system of
levers connected to the brushes connections between the levers and the armature shaft,
a motor connected in the circuit of the generator, connections between the motor and
said system of levers whereby the position of the brushes may be changed in accordance
with the variations of the current in the circuit substantially as described.
5. The combination with an electric generator and movable brushes thereon, of
a system of levers connected with said brushes, a wheel, operating said levers, a worm
gearing with the said wheel and connected with the armature shaft and another worm
also gearing with the said wheel and connected with the motor in the external circuit
of the machine substantially as described.
6. The combination with an electric generator and movable brushes, of a system
of levers connected with said brushes, a wheel connected with said levers a frame
forming a guide for said wheel a worm gearing mounted in said frame and connected
with the arinature shaft of the generator, another worm gearing also mounted in the
frame and connected with a motor included in the circuit of said generator substantially
as described.
Dated this 20th day of November 1000.
HERBERT & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C.,
Agents to Applicant.