Improvements in Stoves and Fireplaces.
Year: 1897

page_text: Improvements in Stoves and Fireplaces.
I, FRANZ MARIENFELDT of 82 Lohmühlenstrasse, Altona, in the Empire of
Germany, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
nd in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
It is a well known fact that in existing domestic stoves and fireplaces a large
quantity of the fuel escapes up the chimney without being burned. The fact that
the chimneys are frequently filled with soot and give off a thick smoke when coal
is used as the fuel, being an obvious proof of this statement.
Now the fire place forming the subject of the present invention has for object to
remedy those drawbacks by rendering it impossible for the gases to escape in an
unburned state because the upper space in the casing of the fire place, that is to
say, the space in which the said gases collect, is placed in communication with the
chimney. In this manner the smoke gases which are rich in combustible materials,
are compelled to pass through the grate and thus to become completely consumed.
Apart from the economy resulting from that, this stove has further a great value
from a hygienic point of view by reason of the fact that it does not smoke in the
slightest degree.
A stove constructed in accordance with this invention is illustrated in the
accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1 shows the stove partly in side elevation and partly in vertical section
on the line A-B of Figure 2.
Figure 2 is a horizontal section on the line C-D of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a vertical section on the liue E-F of Figure 2.
Figures 4 and 5 illustrate the fastening of the door of the stove, in front elevation
and in section.
Figure 6 is a vertical section of the hollow figure serving as an escape pipe.
The stove consists essentially of the casing of the fire place lined internally
with refractory material. In the front wall of the casing there is provided at
the top, the door 6 with a charging opening c closed by means of a rosette
for regulating the entrance of air. Below, the casing is formed with an
opening d which is adapted to close hermetically and in which is arranged
a movable grate f. This casing only occupies part of the lower portion of
the stove in such a manner as to leave at the bottom and at the sides free
spaces, the bottom one g of which communicates through the opening with the
upper space of the casing of the fireplace, and through the apertures i and x with
the ash pan which is separated from the casing by the horizontal grate k. The
lateral hollow spaces m communicate by the openings n formed in the lower part of
the casing, with the said casing, whilst above the said openings there is connection
with the air-holes o of the stove. In the lateral holes n are arranged movable
The ash-pan
gratings p which prevent the fuel from entering in the passages in.
also constitutes a casing which communicates with the flue 9 by means of the
opening in the bottom wall, and is closed on the outside by a door q having
regulating rosettes r.

page_text: With the object of effecting an hermetic closure of the doors such as is required
by continuous combustion stoves, the doors are provided with four tappets & which
are forked and directed in opposite directions and over which take the nuts t of
the screw threaded bolts u jointed to the frame of the door. Further, the several
walls forming the casing and the outer shell or surface of the stove are made tight
by means of strips of asbestos inserted in the joints for the purpose of preventing all
leaking in of the air or of the gases from one chamber into the other. For the
purpose of keeping away from the air-hole o, the completely burnt gases which
pass into the side flues m in the form of hot air, the stove is provided instead of
with the ordinary smoke tube nozzle which is composed of a number of parts and
frequently does not fit properly, with a hollow cast-iron casting which in the
present case has the form of a breeches-piece or may have any other similar form.
This casting is divided into two halves by a separating wall or partition. One (v)
of these halves communicate with the air-hole of the stove, and the other half (w)
communicates directly with the chimney. To heat up the stove, the mode of
proceeding is as follows:-
The fuel on the horizontal grate k is lit, after having hermetically closed the
door of the stove, and opened the rosette for regulating the entry of air. As soon
as the fuel on the grate is burning with a strong flame, the lower rosette r is
closed, the fireplace is filled with fuel up to the door b, and the regulating rosette
of the latter is opened. The fuel then burns more or less rapidly from the bottom
upwards, whilst the chimney draws off the smoke gases resulting from the imperfect
combustion, through the flue g, the openings i and x, the ash-pan and the horizontal
grate k, into the place where the combustion is most energetic, and where the said
smoke gases are then completely burned.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
(1) A continuous combustion stove or fire place characterised by the fact that
the lower part of the stove is divided by an air-tight casing lined internally with
refractory material in several compartments (three are shown in the example
illustrated) of which one 9 serves to connect the top chamber of the fire place with
the ash pan of the stove, for the purpose of leading back through the grate and
into the fire place, the smoke gases resulting from imperfect combustion, with the
object of effecting complete combustion of the same, the fire place containing
several draught openings (three are shown in the example illustrated) the top
one of which serves to convey the smoke gases into the bottom flue g, whilst the
other two openings serve to lead the completely burned air into the chimney
through the draught passages.
(2) In the stove specified in Claim 1, the arrangement of gratings p suspended
in the openings n in the casing for the purpose of preventing fuel from entering in
the side flues.
(3) In the stove specified in Claim 1, the device for fastening the door consisting
of four forked tappets s arranged diametrically opposite to one another, and
arrauged on the door, and of four screw bolts jointed to the frame of the door and
provided with thumb nuts t.
(4) In the stove specified in Claim 1, the arrangement of air-regulating rosettes r
below on the door of the ash pan, and a at top on the charging door.
(5) In the stove specified in the Claim 1, the arrangement of a hollow figure
serving as a smoke pipe nozzle which may be divided by an internal partition into
an upward draught and a downward draught.
(6) In the stove specified in Claim 1, an ash pan having an internal casing which
latter communicates by means of a number of openings (only one opening being
shown in the construction of the stove as illustrated) with the air-hole or draught,
and which is closed hermetically on the inside and on the outside.

page_text: (7) The improvements in stoves and fireplaces substantially as hereinbefore
described and shown in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 23rd day of April 1897.
ROBERT E. PHILLIPS, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E., M.I. Mech. E.,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Associate Agent.