Improvements in Dyeing and Scouring Yarns.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 18th June, 1887.
Specification Accepted, 19th July, 1887.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Dyeing and Scouring Yarns.
I, CHARLES LEOPOLD KLAUDER, of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, U.S.A.,
Dyer, do declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING AND
SCOURING YARNS, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention has reference to machines for dyeing and scouring yarns; and
consists in certain improvements all of which are fully set forth in the following
specification and shown in the accompanying drawings which form part thereof.
The object of my invention is to accomplish in a simple and inexpensive manner
what has heretofore been done by hand in a very laborious process. In addition to
the great saving incident to accomplishing the result by machinery in place of hand
manipulation I am enabled to perform the work of dyeing and scouring in a more
effective and thorough manner with far less care and watchfullness on the part of the
operators, a feature which is of vital importance particularly where a large amount of
yarn is to be dyed of a uniform tint.
In carrying out my invention I provide a suitable frame or wheel adapted to rotate
or move into and out of a dye or other liquid contained in a suitable tank; and to this
frame or frames I secure suitable transverse bars or supports upon which the yarn
skeins are hung. These bars are preferably arranged in two concentric sets and the
skeins connect from bars in one set to bars in the other set so as to be substantially in
radial lines from the axis of the supporting frame. The yarns so carried are caused
to be moved slowly into and out of the dye or other liquid in the tank or vat, being
alternately immersed and exposed to the action of the atmosphere. To insure all
portions of the yarn being treated alike, one at least, of these transverse bars or
supports for each skein is caused to rotate slowly and preferably intermittently
whereby the yarn is constantly shifting its position upon the transverse bars. For

page_text: Fig. 3 is a cross section on line 2 of Fig. 2 showing the means of supporting and
removing the transverse bars.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a modified form of yarn supporting frame and cross
bars and
Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation of the frame and cross bars similar to that shown
in Fig. 1 but with a modified arrangement of said bars and the means for rotating
them.
1
A is the dye tank or vat for containing the dye or scouring liquid and may be
made of any suitable shape, that shown being the most preferable. A steam pipe may
be arranged at the bottom to heat the said liquor by forcing steam through it.
Journaled in said vat is an axle C to which is secured two lateral wheels or frames B B
having the arms b. The particular shape of these frames is immaterial. Supported
by and between these frames B are the transverse bars or rollers J and D preferably
arranged in two series and concentric with the axle C. The outer series of rollers or
transverse bars J are preferably polygonal in shape so as to more readily move the
yarn which is hung upon it. The ends of these bars J are made with journals; j'
which fit into bearings I secured to the frame B. The journal j is first thrust into its
bearing and forced against the retaining spring K until the other journal j comes
within its bearing and then the bar is shifted longitudinally into the position shown in
Fig. 2 and the spring K₁ retains it in such attached position with freedom of
revolution. By this means the bar can be readily moved for removing the dyed
yarn M and inserting new skeins upon it. Secured to the face of this bar J and
preferably near one end are pins or projections K, which, as the bars are carried
around with the frame B, are caused to strike the stop L and made to revolve a
portion of the revolution. This stop L is preferably arranged directly above the
axle C so as to act upon the successive bars when they are in such a position that the
skeins are hanging wholly upon them, or at least clear of the liquor in the tank. It
is evident that the stop L and the pins K are in effect similar to a rack and pinion.
This will cause an intermittently rotation to the bars J during their travel around the
axis C, but it is evident that they might be readily made to continuously revolve with
a very slow motion so as to make only a portion of a revolution with a full revolution
of the frame B. The inner transverse bars or rollers E are supported in adjustable
bearings F made adjustable on the arms b to and from the bars J by means of slots f
and clamping screws G, the distance apart of the bars J and E being made adjustable
to suit skeins of different lengths. The bars E are provided with journals e and e
which fit into the bearings F and are retained in operative position by the springs H
carried by one of the bearings F for each bar. It is thus made removable sub-
stantially in the manner as in the case of the bar J. The frame B with its transverse
bar is caused to revolve slowly by worm and worm wheel gearing D or other suitable
means. It is immaterial whether the ends of the bars E are reduced or not as the
diameter of the journals e e¹ might be the full diameter of the bars themselves, and
the means of adjustment might be greatly modified by any capable mechanic without
changing the object of the invention

page_text: In the construction shown in Fig. 5 we have the bars J located next to the axis C
and the bars E arranged near the periphery of the frame B, or just the reverse of
what is shown in Fig. 1 and in this case the stop L may be transferred to the axis C
which stop may be in the form of a heavy weight maintaining its position by gravity,
In place of having two frames B between which the bars are supported a single frame
may be used as shown in Fig. 4 in which case the bars J and E would project upon
both sides, these modifications being merely evident variations which might be resorted
to when loading or unloading the machine the worm may be revolved by hand through
the agency of a crank indicated in dotted lines Fig. 2.
It is preferable to make the frame B of wood and to form the bearings F and I of
porcelain or vitreous material and anneled to withstand the heat of the liquor in the
tank A. The use of metal should be avoided as much as possible owing to the
corrosive action of the dye liquor. In place of hanging the skeins M in radial lines
from the axis (they might be arranged between two of the bars J or at right angles
to such radial lines, though the former is preferred. While the shape given to the
bars J and E is found most desirable for the manipulation of the yarns, yet I do not
limit myself to any particular cross section as such changes would not materially
modify the invention, therefore while I profer the construction of the machine here
shown I do not limit myself to the details thereof as they might be modified in various
ways without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1st. In a dyeing or scouring machine the combination of a dye or liquor tank, a
central shaft, a frame secured thereto, and revolving partly in and partly out of the
dye or other liquor in said tank, concentric cross bars or supports arranged apart
sufficient to sustain the skeins of yarn, whereby said skeins of yarn are carried
around with the frame and passes through the liquor and then exposed to the
atmosphere.
2nd. In a dyeing or scouring machine, the combination of a dye or liquor tank, a
central shaft, a frame secured thereto, and revolving partly in and partly out of the
dye or other liquor in said tank, adjustable cross bars or supports arranged upon said
frame and at a distance apart sufficient to sustain the skeins of yarn, whereby said
skeins of yarn are carried around with the frame and passes through the liquor and
then exposed to the atmosphere.
3rd. In a dyeing or scouring machine the combination of a dye or liquor tank, a
central shaft, a frame secured thereto, and revolving partly in and partly out of the
dye or other liquor in said tank, cross bars or supports arranged upon said frame and
at a distance apart sufficient to sustain the skeins of yarn, and adjustable to or from
each other for different lengths of skeins, whereby said skeins of yarn are carried
around with the frame and passed through the liquor and then exposed to the
atmosphere.
4th. In a dyeing or scouring machine, the combination of a dye or liquor tank, a
central shaft, a frame secured thereto, and revolving partly in and partly out of the
dye or other liquor in said tank, removable cross bars or supports arranged upon said
frame and at a distance apart sufficient to sustain the skeins of yarns, and means to
lock said cross bars independently in position upon the frame, whereby said skeins of
yarn are carried around with the frame and passed through the liquor and then exposed
to the atmosphere.
5th. In a dyeing or scouring machine, the combination of a dye or liquor tank, a
central shaft, a frame secured thereto, and revolving partly in and partly out of the
dye or other liquor in said tank, removable cross bars or supports arranged upon said
frame and at a distance apart sufficient to sustain the skeins of yarn, and spring locks
carried by the frame and acting upon the ends of the cross bars to detachably lock
said bars upon the frame.
6th. In a dyeing or scouring machine, the combination of a dye or liquor tank, a
central shaft, a frame secured thereto, and revolving partly in and partly out of the

page_text: dye or other liquor in said tank, removable cross bars or supports arranged upon said
frame and at a distance apart sufficient to sustain the skeins of yarn, and adjustable to
or from each other for different lengths of skeins, and means to lock said cross bars
in position upon the frame, whereby said skeins of yarn are carried around with the
frame and passed through the liquor and then exposed to the atmosphere.
7th. In a dyeing or scouring machine, the combination of a dye or liquor tank, a
central shaft, a frame secured thereto, and revolving partly in and partly out of the
dye or other liquor in said tank, cross bars or supports arranged upon said frame and
at a distance apart sufficient to sustain the skeins of yarn, and means to intermittently
rotate one or more of said cross bars, whereby said skeins of yarn are carried around
with the frame and passed through the liquor and then exposed to the atmosphere.
8th. In a dyeing or scouring machine, the combination of a dye or liquor tank, a
central shaft, a frame secured thereto, and revolving partly in and partly out of the
dye or other liquor in said tank, cross bars or supports arranged upon said frame and
at a distance apart sufficient to sustain the skeins of yarn, and means arranged above
the tank and substantially above the axis of the revolving frame to intermittently
rotate one or more of said cross bars, whereby said skeins of yarn are carried around
with the frame and passing through the liquor and then exposed to the atmosphere.
9th. The combination of a dye or liquor tank, a frame partly supported therein,
inner and outer sets of cross bars carried by the frame upon which the skeins of yarns
to be treated are hung one of said sets of bars being adapted to rotate to gradually
turn the yarn, and suitable means to move the frame through the tank and rotate the
cross bars.
10th. The combination of a dye or liquor tank, a frame partly supported therein,
inner and outer sets of cross bars carried by the frame upon which the skeins of
yarns
to be treated are hung one of said sets of bars being adapted to rotate to gradually
turn the yarn, pins or extensions on said rotatable cross bars, and a stationary stop in
the path of said pins whereby as the frame carries the cross bars past the stop, the
pins thereon strike the stop and impart to the bar a portion of a revolution.
11th. The combination of a dye or liquor tank, a frame partly supported therein,
inner and outer sets of cross bars carried by the frame upon which the skeins of yarns
to be treated are hung one of said sets of bars being adapted to rotate to gradually
turn the yarn, pins or extensions on said rotatable cross bars, and a stationary stop
arranged above the tank, in the path of said pins whereby as the frame carries the
cross bars past the stop the pins thereon strike the stop and impart to the bar a portion
of a revolution.
12th. The combination of a dye or liquor tank, a frame supported partly therein,
inner and outer sets of cross bars carried by the frame upon which the skeins of yarns
to be treated are hung one of said sets of bars being adapted to rotate to gradually
turn the yarn, pins or extensions on said rotatable cross bars, and a stationary stop in
the path of said pins whereby as the frame carries the cross bars past the stop, the
pins thereon strike the stop and impart to the bar a portion of a revolution when the
cross bar and its yarns are raised clear of the dye liquor.
13th. The combination of a dye or liquor tank, a frame adapted to pass into and out
of the liquor contained therein, and two concentric sets of transverse yarn supporting
bars arranged upon said frame and movable therwith through the liquor.
14th. The combination of a dye or liquor tank, a frame adapted to pass into and
out of the liquor contained therein and two sets of transverse yarn supporting bars
arranged upon said frame and movable therewith through the liquor, means to rotate
one of said sets of bars, and devices to relatively adjust the two sets of bars to or from
each other.
15th. The combination of a dye or liquor tank, a frame adapted to pass into and
out of the liquor contained therein, and two sets of transverse yarn supporting bars
arranged upon said frame and movable therewith through the liquor, one of said sets
of cross bars being made polygonal in cross section on the other set made round in
cross section, and means to rotate the polygonal set of cross bars.
16th. The combination of a liquor tank, a rotating frame partly submerged therein,

page_text: formed of two side frames secured to a common axis, two sets of transverse cross bars
for supporting the yarns, and bearings for the ends of said bars secured to said frames
and formed of porcelain, glass or other vitreous substance.
17th. The combination of rotating frames B B, cross bars E and J arranged at
different distances from the axis of the frames, stationary bearings I for the outer
bars J and adjustable bearings F for the inner bars E.
18th. The combination of rotating frames B B, removable cross bars E and J
provided respectively with the journals e e¹ and jj arranged at different distances from
the axis of the frames, stationary bearings I for the outer bars J and adjustable
bearings F for the inner bars E.
.
CHARLES LEOPOLD KLAUDER.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.