Improvements in Air Warming Arrangements for Fire-places and Stoves.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Mar., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Dec., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 29th Jan., 1889
Improvements in Air Warming Arrangements for Fire-places
and Stoves.
I ERNEST HOOPER SHORLAND of St. Gabriols Works, Erskine Street, Manchester
in the County of Lancaster, Engineer and Stove Manufacturer do hereby declare the
nature of my Invention to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the grate backs or stove casings which are provided with
air warming chambers or boxes through which air is induced to flow and becoming
warmed by contact with the heated sides of the chambers and with warming gills is
conveyed into the room in which the fire grate or stove is situated or into another
room according to the arrangements. In an invention for which Letters Patent
Number 3999 of the year 1874 were granted to George Livermore Shorland the air
warming gills were partly vertical and partly horizontal the gills being parallel one
with another in all cases. In practice I have found that the flow of air through the
warming chamber is not always satisfactory. To obtain a better effect is the object of
my invention and to this end I arrange the said gills so that they radiate from an
imaginary point above the upper ends of the gills or otherwise I arrange them so that
the space between any two gills is wider at the bottom or air inlet end than at the top.
The effect of this arrangement is that the air is caused to travel more rapidly as it
ascends and as it becomes warmer so that there is a larger flow of air through the
warining chambers. An advantage also arises from the fact that as the gills become
more inclined from the vertical at the sides of the grate back the flow of air is more
checked at the cooler parts without being so much impeded as when the horizontal
gills were used. In the cases of horizontal or inclined chambers I arrange the gills
so that the air spaces between the gills are widest at the inlet ends.
Dated the Twenty sixth day of March 1888
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James Square, Manchester,
Agents.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Air Warming Arrangements for Fire Places
and Stoves.
I ERNEST HOOPER SHORLAND of St. Gabriel's Works, Erskine Street, Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineer and Stove Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of my Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement and
accompanying drawings:-
My Invention relates to the grate backs or stove casings which are provided with
air warming chambers or boxes through which air is induced to flow and becoming
warmed by contact with the heated sides of the chambers and with warming gills is
conveyed into the room in which the fire grate or stove is situated or into another
room according to the arrangements. In an invention for which Letters Patent
Number 3999 of the year 1874 were granted to George Livermore Shorland the air
warming gills were partly vertical and partly horizontal the gills being parallel one
with another in all cases. In practice I have found that the flow of air through
the warming chambers is not always satisfactory. To obtain a better effect is the
object of my invention and to this end I arrange the said gills so that they radiate
from an imaginary point above the upper ends of the gills or otherwise I arrange
them so that the space between any two gills is wider at the bottom or air inlet
end than at the top and in the cases of horizontal or inclined chambers I
the
gills so that the air spaces between the gills are widest at the inlet ends.
In order that my Invention may be clearly understood I will describe the same more
fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.
arrange
In the said drawings Fig. 1 is a back elevation partly in section of a grate back
constructed in accordance with my invention.
Fig. 2 illustrates the formation of a hollow base upon which the grate back is
seated.
Fig. 3 represents a modification of Fig. 1.
In Figs. 1 and 3 a is the metal shell of the grate back and b. b. are the air warming
gills. It will be seen that in both examples the space between any two gills is wider
at the lower and air inlet end of such space than at any other part and that the space
becomes narrower until the upper and outlet end is reached or otherwise the said gills
may be said to radiate. Although the gills do not actually radiate from one common
point in Fig. they might be arranged to radiate from an imaginary point above the
top of the back if considered to be advisable. In Fig. 3 the gills are divided into two
sets and are arranged so that the gills in each set converge toward one of the two
warm air outlets c. c. The result of the peculiar arrangement or disposition of the gills is
that there is a larger flow of air through the warming chambers. An advantage also
arises from the fact that as the gills become more inclined from the vertical at the
sides of the grate back the flow of air is more checked at the cooler parts without
being so much impeded as when the horizontal gills were used. In Fig. 1 d is a
hollow base upon which the grate back is seated. Fig. 2 is a view of the underside

page_text: of this base. The air to be warmed is admitted first into this hollow base and flow
between gills e. e in the indicated direction and rises through openings between th
gills into the grate back. The gills e. e converge or radiate similarly to the gills in
the grate back. As the base absorbs heat which is downwardly radiated from the fire
the entering air is warmed to some extent as it flows into the chamber in the grate
back. I do not in all cases provide the grate back with a hollow base. The manner
in which my invention can be applied to stoves or stove casings will be readily
understood from the foregoing and the drawings. The gills would be disposed to
converge either toward the air outlets or toward some point which would be
selected as being suitable to the requirements of the case so long as the indicated
arrangement or disposition of the gills would be adopted.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
(1) The grate back having air warming gills arranged or disposed in the manner
substantially as set forth and indicated hereinbefore and in the accompanying
drawings.
(2) The combination of the grate back, a. b with the hollow base d provided with
converging or radiating gills e. e.
(3) In a grate back the air warming gills b. b converging upward substantially as
set forth and indicated.