Year: 1885

page_text: I JOSEPH GEORGE CLAUD-MANTLE, of N° 3 Kaasbrug, Antwerp, in the Kingdom
of Belgium, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention consists of improved forms and arrangements of packing and
stuffing boxes therefor.
In carrying out my machine I use a suitable number of sets of packing slips of
suitable material and form, each consisting of two or more courses of slips. Each
course of slips is so arranged that, first, the packing surface of the slips coincides
with the contour or form of the body to be packed. Secondly. A space is left
between the ends of the slips. Thirdly. They are so guided by suitable stops or
guides that their motions are independent of each other and admitting of a motion
in any manner to and from the normal position of the aforesaid body in such
manner that the entire packing surface of the slips is always in contact with
that body.
The courses of slips in each set are so arranged as to break joint at their
extremities and consequently each set of slips consisting of two or more courses of
slips forms in itself a complete packing ring. Each set of slips is enclosed in a
box or frame of suitable form and material, which box, if only one set of slips be
used, forms the packing box: and if two or more sets of slips be used then each
box forms a part of an inner, or an enclosed box of the packing box.
The surfaces of the box or boxes on which the slips move or are in contact with
and also such surfaces of the clips themselves are accurately surfaced or ground so
as to be gas, steam, or liquid tight as may be required as also are the extremities
of the sides of these boxes and provision is made thereon for the grinding of, or
letting together in any manner of these boxes or frames to compensate for the
diminished depth of the slips due to the wear occasioned by their sliding contact.
Provision is made in each set of slips or in any set as required to prevent any
gas steam or liquid at the back of the slips in one set from passing beyond that
box into the next. This provision is made on the course of slips most remote
from the origin of leakage, by placing a course of slips at the back of that course
in such manner as to break joint with them,

page_text: •
The method of keeping the slips in contact with the body to be packed varies
according to the working conditions and surface conditions of that body. When
the body has a true and undeviating motion or may be so restrained and has also
good conditions of surface then the slips are kept in position by slender springs
of any suitable form but always arranged so as not to interfere with the afore-
mentioned motion of each slip. If the surface of the body be in bad condition
then strong springs are used which springs may render necessary a modification of
the shape of the containing boxes.
If the body to be packed requires steadiment as well as packing as is the case
with tail rods of marine engines and such like, then along with this packing
arrangement is provided an ordinary bush or similar guiding contrivance.
In every form of box the slips form packing-slips and pressure just sufficient to
ensure contact is provided and not exceeded except in special instances as for
instance to wear a body smooth whilst running when special spring arrangements
and boxes to suit are provided.
In cases when the relative motion of the body to be packed is not true or cannot
be restrained to a true motion then provision is made to compensate for the
deviations.
An ordinary bush or similar contrivance forms part of or is affixed to the box
or boxes containing the set or sets of springs all of which together follow the
deviating motion of the body to be packed and may be termed a deviating packing
ring. Then according as the body deviates laterally, obliquely, or both laterally
and obliquely this arrangement is completed in one of the three following manners.
1st. For lateral deviations the deviating packing ring has true and plane surfaces
at its extremities and the whole is enclosed in a suitable box having plane surfaces
in contact and with room for lateral motion.
2nd. For oblique deviations the deviating packing ring in place of plane surfaces
at the extremities bas surfaces which form a portion of a sphere (surfaces similar
to ordinary ball valves) which work in contact with similar surfaces forming
portions of the enclosing box.
3rd. For both lateral and oblique deviations the deviating packing ring has the
first and second named contrivances in combination with each other videlicet the
spherical extremities of the deviating packing ring are in contact with rings or
frames having spherical surfaces in contact with the deviating packing ring and
a plane surface in contact with the enclosing box.
In all three cases provision is made for wear due to sliding contact.
In every case whether the relative motion of a body to be packed be true or
deviating the entire packing surface of the slips is kept in contact with that body.
I have found that when the packing is required for machinery used in connec-
tion with certain acid liquids and gases that the packing slips are advantageously
made of glass, slag combination, or hardened vulcanite; for other purposes any
usual material can be employed.
It will be obvious that my improved packing is applicable for use with bodies
having different transverse sections.

page_text: I JOSEPH GEORGE CLAUD-MANTLE, of No 3 Kaasbrug, Antwerp, in the Kingdom
of Belgium, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
This invention consists of improved forms and arrangements of packing and
stuffing boxes therefor.
In carrying out my invention I use a suitable number of sets of packing slips of
suitable material and form, each consisting of two or more courses of slips. Each
course of slips is so arranged that, first, the packing surface of the slips coincides
with the contour or form of the body to be packed. Secondly. A space is left
between the ends of the slips. Thirdly. They are so guided by suitable stops or
guides that their motions are independent of each other and they admit of a motion
in any manner to and from the normal position of the aforesaid body in such a
manner that the entire packing surface of the slips is always in contact with that
body.
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe the same
by reference to the accompanying drawing in which figure 1 represents a plan of a
packing constructed according to my invention and shewn applied to a body of
circular shape in cross section; figures 2 and 3 are vertical sections on the lines
A B and C D respectively of figure 1; figure 4 is a sectional elevation shewing my
improved packing in an ordinary stuffing box or case suitable for use where the
body to be packed moves in a true straight line; figure 5, is a section shewing a
frame which can be used in certain cases for attaching the slips; figure 6 is
a section illustrating the manner in which my packing can be used without an
outer stuffing box or case; figures 7, 8 and 9 are vertical sections shewing my
improved arrangements of stuffing boxes and packing for use when the motion of
the body to be packed deviates from a straight line; figures 10 and 11 are plan
views illustrating my packing applied to bodies of other than circular shape in
cross section; figures 12 and 13 are detached plan views shewing the slips pro-
vided with modified forms of guides and stops. Similar letters in all the figures
represent similar or corresponding parts.
Referring to figures 1, 2 and 3 a and b, represent the slips the courses of which
in each set are so arranged as to break joint at their extremities as shewn in
figure 1, c and d, representing the spaces between the slips; each set of slips con-
sisting of two or more courses of slips (two being shewn in the drawing) forms in
itself a complete packing ring, the packing surface of the slips corresponding to the
contour or form of the piston rod A or other body to be packed. Each set of slips
is enclosed in a box or frame e, of suitable form and material, which box, if only

page_text: one set of slips be used, forms the packing box; and if two or more sets of slips
(as shewn) be used then each box forms a part of the packing or stuffing box or
an inner, or an enclosed box of the packing box.
The surfaces of the box or boxes e, on which the slips a and b, .move or are in
contact with and also such surfaces of the slips themselves are accurately surfaced
or ground so as to be gas, steam or liquid tight as may be required, as also are the
extremities f, of the sides of these boxes and provision is made thereon as shown
at g, for the grinding of, or letting together in any manner of the boxes or frames e,
to compensate for the diminished depth of the slips a and b, due to the wear
occasioned by their sliding contact.
Provision is made in each set of slips or in any set as required to prevent any
gas, steam or liquid at the back of the slips a and b, in one set from passing beyond
the box e, containing them into the next. This provision is made on the course of
slips most remote from the origin of leakage, by placing a course of slips h, at the
back of that course in such a manner as to break joint with them.
The slips h, serve to entrap the escaping liquid gas or steam and they also form
a packing, that is to say, their action on the entire course of slips is such as to
prevent any additional liquid, gas or steam passing from one ring or box e, to
another.
i, i, represent the stops or guides which consist of pins over which work loosely
slots j,j, in the slips a, b, and h, the pins i, being fixed to the box or frame e, as
shewn in figure 3.
The method of keeping the slips in contact with the body A to be packed varies
according to the working conditions and surface conditions of that body. When
the body has a true and undeviating motion, or may be so restrained, and has also
good conditions of surface, then the slips are kept in position by slender springs
(as shewn at k, k, in figures 1, 2 and 3) of any suitable form but always arranged
so as not to prevent the aforementioned motion of each slip; the said springs are
shewn in the drawing compressed between the slips and the inner circumference of
the box or frame e. If the surface of the body be in bad condition then strong
springs are used which springs may render necessary a modification of the shape of
the containing boxes e.
If the body to be packed requires steadiment as well as packing as is the case
with tail rods of marine engines and such like, then along with this packing arrange-
ment is provided an ordinary bush 7, as shewn in figures 4, 5 and 6, or similar
guiding contrivance.
In every form of box the slips form packing-slips and pressure just sufficient to
ensure contact is provided and not exceeded, except in special instances, as for
instance, to wear a body smooth whilst running, when special spring arrangements
and boxes to suit are provided.
Figure 4 illustrates the mode of applying my packing in an ordinary stuffing box
or case m, similar to the stuffing gland of an engine-cylinder; three packing rings
e, e, e, are here shewn in position, the said packing rings being formed as herein-
before described and shewn in figures 1, 2 and 3. Figure 4, also shews the mode of
placing any number of the said packing rings e, in an outer case or box.
Figure 5 shews a form of frame that I can use for the attachment of the slips
when the packing rings are enclosed in an outer box or in an ordinary stuffing
gland or box.
Figure 6 shews an arrangement of three packing rings forming together a com-
plete packing box and packing such as can be applied to new as well as to existing
machinery.
'In figures 4, 5 and 6 I have assumed the motion of the body to be packed to be
true or the said body to be of such nature that it can be restrained in a true
motion; I have therefore in each case shewn the packing rings e, provided with a
guiding bush 1, as hereinbefore described. In these cases sufficient provision is
made by the peculiar arrangement of the slips in the packing rings e, to
compensate

page_text: for any lateral deviations due to the play in the guiding bush or those occasioned
by wear.
In cases, however, where the relative motion of the body to be packed is not
true or cannot or should not he restrained to a true motion then provision is made
to compensate for the deviations. In this case an ordinary bush 7, as in figure 7,
or bushes such as those marked 1, in figures 8 and 9 forms or form part of or is or.
are affixed to the box or boxes e, containing the set or sets of springs k, all of
which together follow the deviating motion of the body A to be packed and may
be termed a deviating packing ring. Then according as the body deviates laterally,
obliquely, or both laterally and obliquely this arrangement is completed in one of
the three following manners, videlicet:-
1st. For lateral deviations as shewn in figure 7, the deviating packing rings e, e, e,
have true and plane surfaces n, n, at their extremities and the whole is enclosed in
a suitable box m, having plane surfaces to correspond with the said surfaces n, n,
in contact therewith and with room or space marked r, for lateral motion.
2nd. For oblique deviations, as shewn in figure 8, in place of the deviating packing
rings e, e, e, having plane surfaces at the extremities as shewn in figure 7, the.
bosses 1, 1, bave surfaces n¹, nl, which form a portion of a sphere (surfaces similar
to ordinary ball valves) which work in contact with similar surfaces forming
portions of the enclosing box m.
3rd. For both lateral and oblique deviations as shewn in figure.9 the deviating
packing rings 6, 6, e, have the first and second named contrivances illustrated in
figures 7 and 8, in combination with each other, videlicet, the spherical
extremities n', n¹, of the bosses 1, 1, are in contact with rings or frames having
spherical surfaces in contact with the bosses of the deviating packing rings and
plane surfaces n, n, in contact with the enclosing box m.
By this means the whole of the packing rings e, together with the guiding bush
or bushes, will follow the deviating movements of the piston A or other body in
any direction without restraint.
In all three cases provision is made as shewn at o, to allow for wear due to the
sliding contact of the surfaces. In every case whether the relative motion of a
body to be packed be true or deviating the entire packing surface of the slips is
kept always in contact with that body.
I have found that when the packing is required for machinery used in connection
with certain acid liquids and gases the packing slips are advantageously made of
glass, slag combination or hardened vulcanite; for other purposes any usual
material can be employed.
It will be obvious that my improved packing is applicable for use with bodies
having different transverse sections as will be well understood by reference to
figures 10 and 11.
Figure 12 represents a slip with a modified form of guide and spring for use in
certain cases (more especially in packings of large size); a, is the packing slip, and
i, the fixed pin in the box or frame e; p, is a block which can revolve on the
pin i, and also work in the slot j, in the packing slip a; k, is the spring of spiral,
volute or other suitable form, the purpose of which is to keep the slip a, in position,
and also to add any additional pressure when required.
Figure 13 shews a similar arrangement to that illustrated in figure 12 except
that instead of using a spring k, in the slot j, I employ lighter springs similar
to those herein before described and shewn in figures 1, 2 and 3. This form of
guide and stop is suitable for use in many cases.
I would observe that I do not confine myself to the use of any particular
number, shape or arrangement of springs k, as it will be necessary to vary them
to suit the requirements of the case; nor do I confine myself to the number and
form of the slips a, b, and h, and containing boxes m, or to the number of complete
packing rings 6, employed in each of the latter; further it will be obvious that the
arrangement of stops or guides hereinbefore described can be varied if required,

page_text: that is to say, any suitable arrangement can be employed which will act as guides
for the slips and retain the same within their ring or box when the latter is
removed from the piston or other body packed with the improved packing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. A packing for piston rods, valve spindles, pump-rods, plungers and other
similar purposes constructed of a number of sets of packing slips, each set being
contained within a ring or box and consisting of two or more courses of such slips
arranged as described the packing surfaces of which correspond with the contour
or form of the body to be packed in combination with suitable stops or guides and
means for keeping the slips in contact with the said body the whole operating
substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
2. The combination with my improved packing claimed in claim 1, of the
herein described means whereby the packing surface of the slips is always kept
in contact with the body to be packed when the relative motion of the said body
is not true or cannot or should not be restrained to a true motion substantially as
hereinbefore described and represented in the accompanying drawing.
3. The improved packing and stuffing boxes hereinbefore described and repre-
sented in the accompanying drawing.