Improvements in and relating to Type-writing Machines, and more Particularly to Mechanism for Automatically Returning the Travelling Carriage and Revolving the Paper-carrying Roller.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Dec., 1889-Accepted, 1st Feb., 1890
COMI LEID DIUITIATION
Improvements in and relating to Type-writing Machines, and more
Particularly to Mechanism for Automatically Returning the
Travelling Carriage and Revolving the Paper-carrying Roller.
1. Mrs. ADELAIDE HARRIET WOODALL, Clerk, residing at Eckington, in the District
of Columbia, United States of America, do bereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in Type-writing
Machines, and more particularly to mechanism for automatically returning the travelling
carriage at the end of a line and at the same time revolve the paper carrying roller to
feed the paper and bring into position for beginning a new line, both the carriage and
the paper.
We are aware that heretofore provisions have been made for the automatic return of
the carriage at the termination of a line, and that it is not new to automatically effect
the line-spacing when the travelling carriage reaches the end of a line, and therefore
do not seek to cover such broadly.
The object of our invention is to provide a simple attachment to type-writers,
capable of being readily attached to or removed from type-writing machines already
in use, which shall be simple, cheap and durable and very efficient in use.
The novelty in the present instance resides in the peculiar combinations, and
the construction, arrangement and adaptation of parts, all as more fully hereinafter
described, shown in the drawings and then particularly pointed out in the appended
claims.
The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which, with
the letters of reference marked thereon, form a part of this specification, and in
which―
Figure 1, is a perspective view of a type-writer of the Remington type, provided
with our improvements;
Figure 2, is a side elevation of the same;
Figure 3, is an enlarged front elevation of the attachment partly broken away;
Figure 4, is a section on the line, x-x, of Figure 3;
Figure 5, is a perspective view of the spacing device;
Figure 6, is a section on the line, y-y, of Figure 5.
Referring now to the details of the drawings by letter-A, designates the support-
ing frame-work; B, the key levers; C, the ribbon-spools; D, the carriage; E, the
upper roll; F, the type-bars; and, G, the paper guard of the form of type-writing
machines known as the "Remington," and all of which parts are of well known
construction, and are arranged and operated in a manner well understood, except as
hereinafter specifically described. Other minor details of construction of the machine
proper not referred to in the following description are common to all type-writing
machines of this class and are shown simply to complete the "make up of the
machine, but, forming no part of the present invention, they are not specifically
mentioned, the description being confined to such parts as co-operate with our
improvements.
"
"
H, is a standard formed with a base portion, h, adapted to be readily attached to
the ledge, a, of the supporting frame, said standard being designed to support the
"movement of our device. This standard may be secured to the said ledge, a, in
any suitable manner, preferably, however, by means of thumb screws, a', as shown in
Figure 1, so as to be readily attached to or removed when desired.
Projecting from the back of this standard are the rods, ', to which are secured
the lower ends of the angular support or brace, I, the apex of which forms a bearing

page_text: for the shaft, J; this shaft also has a bearing in the standard, H, and to said shaft is
secured one end of the coil-spring, K, the other end of which is fastened to a fixed
point on the brace, I, as shown at, i.
On the said shaft is secured a cog-wheel, L, which meshes with the smaller cog-
wheel, M, on the shaft, N, said cog-wheels being geared down as shown, preferably
so that one revolution of said cog-wheel rotates the wheel, M, ten times, but of course
we do not wish to limit ourselves to this ratio, as the same may be. varied to
accommodate different machines, or for different purposes.
On the shaft, N, upon the opposite side of the standard, is fixed the disc, O, and
between this disc and a collar, P, also fast on said shaft, is loosely sleeved the collar, Q,
from one side of which projects the arm, q, which is limited in its movement by means
of the stops q', g, on the face of said disc, as will be hereinafter more fully described.
From the opposite side of said collar, Q, projects the arm, q³, and to the said arm, q³,
is pivoted one end of the curved lever, R, the opposite end of which is in turn pivoted
to one end of the lever, S, the opposite end of which is pivoted to the disc on the
pivot, , and is formed near its pivot with an enlargement or detent, ², which is
preferably, though not necessarily, provided with an anti-friction roller, ³. Normally
this detent or the roller thereof projects through or beyond the periphery of the disc,
and is aided in assuming this position by means of the spring, 4, fixed at one end, as
at,, to the face of the disc and bearing with its free end upon said lever, S, near its
pivot, as shown best in Figure 3.
Loosely sleeved on the shaft, N, beyond the collar, P, is the wheel, T, provided
with the teeth, t, on its periphery and also formed with an aperture, t¹, through which
works the pawl, U. This pawl is pivoted to the wheel, as shown at, t2, and is
normally held projected through said apertures by means of the spring, t*, secured to
said wheel and bearing on the pawl, as shown in Figure 4.
These parts just described are enclosed in a case, V, secured to the back of the
standard, H, and provided with a removable cap or cover, V₁, which is held in
position by means of the screws, u.
W, is a plate fixed within the casing and forming a bearing for the shaft, N, and
provided with an opening, w, through which the pawl, U, projects at predetermined
periods, as will be more clearly hereinafter set forth.
The case, V, is provided with a slot, v', through which the detent, 73, or its roller, 23,
normally projects; and longitudinally through the top of the casing is a slot or
aperture, 2, in which travels the rack-bar, X, projecting downwardly from the
carriage and supported therefrom in any suitable manner, for instance by means of
the bars, v³.
The operation of this part of our improvement is as follows: The spring, K, is
first wound up by means of a suitable key or crank, the shaft, J, being extended to
the front of the machine and provided with a squared end for this purpose, as shown
best in Figure 2. The letter keys are operated upon in the usual manner, as the
carriage travels from right to left, being actuated in the usual manner by a spring.
(not shown), the rack-bar, X, moves with said carriage and works in the teeth of the
wheel, T, the rotation of said wheel by means of this engagement causes the pawl, U,
to be withdrawn from the opening, w, in the plate, W, and depresses it so that in the
further rotation of said wheel, said pawl will engage the arm, 93, of the collar, Q, and
as the wheel is still further révolved in the direction of the arrow in Figure 3, the
said arm is carried around with the wheel by reason of the engagement of the pawl
therewith until the detent, 2, is drawn in so as to release the same from its bearing
on the casing, and as soon as said detent is released from its bearing the spring, K,
being connected to the shaft on which the disc is fixed, causes said disc to revolve
until it is again stopped by the engagement of said detent with its bearing on the
casing. At the point on the casing where the detent bears we preferably provide an
anti-friction roller, w², to increase the friction.
When the detent is released from its bearing, the wheel, T, is rotated in the
reverse direction until the pawl, U, springs into the aperture in the plate, W. This
rotation of the wheel, through the engagement of its teeth with the rack-bar, X, on

page_text: the carriage, causes the carriage to move from left to right and return to the
commencement of a line.
As another line is commenced the same operation is repeated.
When the spring, K, runs down it is only necessary to wind it up again, and in
order to notify the operator when the spring is about run down, we provide an alarm
consisting of a bell, X', secured to the casing, and the hammer thereof provided with
a lever, X, arranged in such a position that as the spring becomes distended in
unwinding to a certain extent it strikes said lever and causes the hammer to strike
the bell and sound an alarm.
The spring, K, should be stronger and more powerful than the spring which
actuates the carriage from right to left in order that it may be sure to cause the
carriage to return to the right when the parts have assumed the position at the end of
the line, as above described.
It often happens that in the use of the type-writer one completes a sentence before
the end of the line is reached and wishes to begin a new line without going to the
end of that one. In order to return the carriage under such circumstances we provide
the following mechanism: To the right hand side of the machine we provide an extra
key lever, Y, pivoted at, y, to the rear of the machine and carrying an upright arm
or rod, y', connected with one end of the lever, y², pivoted at, ya, on the standard, H,
and at its other end arranged to engage with the detent, 2, or its roller, ³, as shown.
When it is desired to return the carriage before the end of a line is reached it is only
necessary to depress the lever, Y, when the detent, 2, will be thrown in and the
carriage returned in the same manner as when the said detent is thrown in when the
carriage arrives at the end of a line, as above described.
In order to feed the paper forward as the carriage is returned we have devised the
following mechanism: 1, is the spacing lever common in this style of type-writers
and connected with the paper roller by means of the ratchet and pawl engagement, as
is well known and will be readily understood. 2, is an arm attached to the right
hand side of the frame of the machine and arranged at an angle to the travel of the
carriage, as shown, and in such a position as to engage the spacing lever as the
carriage approaches the right hand side of the machine to the commencement of a
line, and as said lever rides up said inclined arm it causes the same to be raised at its
forward end and therefore depress its rear end, and by reason of the engagement of
the ratchet and pawl, to feed the paper forward.
In order to regulate the space or number of notches the paper is to be fed we
connect the arm, 2, to the frame as follows: 3, is a pin or pintle on the frame, and
the end of the arm, 2, is formed with an eye, 4, sleeved on said pin whereby it may
be turned to different angles being held in its adjusted positions by means of the set
screw, 5.
This arm, 2, also serves to bring the carriage gradually to a stand-still, lessening
the shock which might otherwise be occasioned if the carriage, by the force of the
spring, K, were brought suddenly against its stop at the right hand side of the
machine.
The carriage returning mechanism above described, although particularly serviceable
for the purpose for which it is shown in this application, is well adapted to other uses,
and we therefore wish to be understood as not restricting ourselves to its use in
connection with a type-writing machine, as it is evident that it may be applied to
other analogous uses in which like results are accomplished.
· Various modifications in detail may be resorted to without departing from the
essence of or detracting from the merits of the invention.
We propose to employ a governor in connection with the above described returning
mechanism for the purpose of regulating and equalizing the spring power thereof,
and we may also gear up the compound lever for the purpose of increasing its
leverage.
Where in the following claims we refer to the term "holder" we intend to cover
broadly mechanism for holding the spring normally inactive.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is-
1. The combination with the carriage and its advancing mechanism, of a rack-
bar carried by the carriage and independent of the advancing mechanism thereof
and a spring of greater power than that which advances the rack-bar and acting in
opposition thereto, and a holder for said spring, which, when actuated to release
the spring, actuates the rack-bar to return the carriage to its normal position,
substantially as described.
2. The combination with the carriage and its advancing mechanism, of a rack-bar
carried by the carriage and independent of the advancing mechanism, and a
normally-inactive spring arranged to act in opposition to the power of the advancing
mechanism and to be released by the rack-bar at a predermined period to retract said
bar and carriage, substantially as described.
3. The combination with the carriage and its advancing mechanism, of a rack-bar
independent of the advancing mechanism and moving with the carriage, a normally-
inactive spring and a compound lever operated through the movement of the rack-bar
to release the spring, substantially as described.
4. The combination with the rack-bar and its advancing mechanism, of the
spring K, the compound lever, connections between the spring and lever, the wheel, T,
actuated by the rack-bar, and connections between the lever and wheel, substantially
as and for the purpose specified.
5. The combination with the carriage and its advancing mechanism, of the rack-
bar independent of the advancing mechanism and moving with the carriage, the
spring, K, the compound lever and connections between said spring and lever, whereby
the movement of the rack-bar actuates said lever to cause the spring to return the
rack-bar and carriage to their normal position, substantially as described.
6. The combination with the carriage and its advancing mechanism, of a rack-bar
independent of the advancing mechanism, and moving with the carriage, the spring, K,
the wheel, T, its shaft, the compound lever, connections between said spring and
shaft, and the pawl on said wheel, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
7. The combination with the carriage and its advancing mechanism, of the rack-
bar independent of the advancing mechanism, and moving with the carriage, the
spring, the wheel, T, the pawl thereon, the shaft of said wheel, connections between
said spring and shaft, the compound lever, and a detent, 2, carried by the lever,
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
8. The combination with the rack-bar and its advancing mechanism, of the spring,
the wheel T, the pawl thereon, the shaft of said wheel, connections between said
spring and shaft, the disc fast on said shaft, the compound lever loose on said shaft and
a detent carried by said lever, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
9. The combination with the rack-bar and its advancing mechanism, of the
spring, the wheel, T, its shaft, the disc fast on said shaft, the compound lever, the
pawl on said wheel, connections between said spring and shaft, and the apertured
plate, W, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
10. The combination with the rack-bar and its advancing mechanism, of the
spring, K, the wheel, T, its shaft, connections, substantially as described between
said spring and shaft, the fixed apertured plate, W, the pawl on said wheel, the disc
fast on the shaft, the collar loosely sleeved on said shaft and the compound levers
carried by said collar, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
11. The combination with the carriage and its advancing mechanism, of a rack-bar
on the carriage independent of the advancing mechanism, a normally-inactive spring
arranged to act in opposition to the power of the advancing mechanism, and a holder
for said spring, and mechanism for releasing said spring either at the end of a line
or at any point intermediate of the ends of a line, to return the carriage and rack-bar
to their normal position, substantially as described.
"
12. The combination with the carriage and its advancing mechanism, if a rack-
bar carried by the carriage and independent of the advancing mechanism thereof, a

page_text: spring of greater power than that which advances the rack-bar and acting in
opposition thereto, a holder for said spring, which, when actuated to release the spring,..
actuates the rack-bar to return the carriage to its normal position, and a line spacing
and carriage retarding mechanism, substantially as described.
13. The combination with the carriage and its advancing mechanism, of the
retracting mechanism, the spring, K, thereof, and an alarm arranged to be actuated
by the contact therewith of the spring as it unwinds, substantially as shown and
described.
14. The combination with the carriage, its advancing mechanism and the rack-
bar, X, on said carriage, of the spring, K, the cog-wheel fast on the shaft of
said spring, the shaft, N, the cog-wheel thereon, the wheel, T, on said shaft, N, and
actuated by said rack-bar, and the levers actuated by the rotation of said wheel,
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
15. The combination with the carriage, its advancing mechanism, and the rack-
bar on said carriage, of the spring, K, the cog-wheel fast on the shaft of said spring,
the shaft, N, the smaller cog-wheel thereon the said cog-wheels being geared down
as described, the wheel, T, on said shaft, N, and actuated by said rack-bar, and the
levers actuated by the rotation of said wheel, T, substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
16. The combination with the carriage, its advancing mechanism and the rack-
bar, X, on the carriage, of the spring, K, the shaft, N, the wheel, T, thereon, meshing
with the rack-bar, the levers, the disc, the pawl on the wheel, and the fixed apertured
plate, W, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
17. The combination with the carriage and its advancing mechanism, of a rack-
bar carried by the carriage and independent of the advancing mechanism, a spring
of greater power than that which advances the rack-bar and acting in opposition
thereto, a holder for the spring, which, when actuated to release the spring, actuates
the rack-bar to return the carriage, a lever for actuating said holder before the end
of a line is reached, and connections between said lever and holder, substantially
as described.
18. The combination with the retracting mechanism and its case formed with
a slot, vl, through which the detent of the retracting mechanism normally projects,
of the key lever, Y, the lever, y², arranged to engage said detent, and the
rod, y', connecting the levers, Y, and, y², substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
19. The combination with the case, the spring, K, the casing and its attachment
to the frame of the machine of the carriage, its advancing mechanism, the rack-
bar, X, on the carriage, the wheel, T, actuated by said rack-bar, connections between
said spring and the shaft of the wheel, and the levers normally bearing on the casing
to hold the spring inactive, substantially as described.
20. The combination with the rack-bar, X, its advancing mechanism and the
shaft, N, of the spring, K, arranged to actuate said shaft, the wheel, T', on said shaft
actuated by the rack-bar, the casing, the levers provided with a detent normally
having a bearing on said casing, the pawl on the wheel and the disc on the shaft,
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
21. The combination with the rack-bar, X, its advancing mechanism and the
shaft, N, of the spring, K, arranged to actuate said shaft, the wheel, T, on said
shaft and actuated by the rack-bar, the casing, the levers provided with a detent
having an anti-friction roller normally having a bearing against an anti-friction
roller on the casing, the pawl, on the wheel, and the disc on the shaft, substantially
as and for the purpose specified.
22. The combination with the supporting frame, the casing and the advancing
mechanism, of the rack-bar, the disc, the spring, the shaft, N, to which one end of
said spring is attached, the cog gearing between the shaft of the spring and said
shaft, N, the spring-actuated pawl, the wheel, T, carrying said pawl and actuated by
the rack-bar, the levers and the detent normally bearing on the casing, substantially
as and for the purpose specified.

page_text: 23. The combination with the carriage and its advancing mechanism, of the
retracting mechanism, the spring, K, thereof, the alarm, and the lever, X², con-
nected with the hammer of the alarm and arranged to be engaged by said spring as
the latter unwinds, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
24. The combination with the carriage, the advancing mechanism thereof, and the
rack-bar, X, on said carriage, of the spring, K, the shaft, N, connections as
described between said spring and shaft, the collar, Q, loose on said shaft and formed
with the arm, q, the disc, the stops thereon, the wheel, T, the apertured plate, W,
and the detent, normally bearing on the casing of the retracting mechanism, and
the levers carried by said collar and carrying said detent, substantially as shown
and described.
Dated this 31st day of December 1889
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.