Year: 1885

page_text: We GEORGE ASHWORTH and ELIJAH ASHWORTH of the firm of Ashworth
Brothers of the Moss Brook Works Collyhurst Manchester in the County of
Lancaster Engineers do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as
follows:-
Our Invention relates principally to the main metal cylinders of carding engines.
Previously to our Invention these cylinders have been composed of three principal
parts namely a hollow cast iron cylinder and two end castings formed with arms
and central bosses prepared to fit the central shaft. The said cylinder has been
made as a loam casting and great care has been required to obtain sufficient truth
in the resulting cylinder the careful preparations for the casting operation adding
greatly to the cost of the finished cylinder. The cylinder casting has been bored
at each end to fit upon the turned end castings but with the exercise of the
greatest care in all the operations a near approximation to absolute truth has not
always been obtained and in many cases a considerable weight of metal has been
added to the completed cylinder in the form of balance weights. To obtain a more
true cylinder with less labour and therefore at a lower cost is the object of our
Invention. To this end we cast the cylinder in two or more sections complete
with sectional parts of ends. In practice we consider that it will be most con
venient to cast the cylinder in two half sections. We make the pattern for the
cylindrical half shell of metal and turn it inside and out so as to obtain a true
half cylinder of equal thickness throughout. To this half cylinder we secure
flanges and parts necessary to form a pattern for a complete half carding cylinder.
The two edges are provided with joint flanges whereby the two halves can be
bolted together. The half ends are also secured or fitted to the half cylinders and
are formed or provided with half bosses and with flanges through which bolts can
be passed to secure the two halves together. Moulds are obtained from such
pattern or patterns by ordinary processes so that two resulting castings when
bolted or secured together will form a cylinder complete with ends.
We plane or
mill the meeting faces of the two half cylinders which are to be united the
meeting surfaces of the half bosses being preferably finished to be a little below
the level of the outer surfaces near the periphery of the cylinder. We prefer to
use milling tools to make true the meeting surfaces and to form tongues and
grooves extending from end to end of the cylinder close to the periphery of the
3

page_text: same in order that the two halves may interlock. We may also form similar
interlocking parts on each side of the boss or eye. When the two halves are
bolted together with sheet metal or other thin material interposed between the two
halves of the boss, we bore the two bosses to suit the central shaft and we then
remove the said sheet metal and insert the shaft which the half bosses tightly grip
when the bolts are tightened up. The periphery of the cylinder is then turned to
a true cylindrical form upon or from the centres of the central shaft or mandril.
The cylinder may then be completed in the ordinary manner.
Dated this 16th day of December 1885
Improvements in the Production of Carding Engine Cylinders.
We GEORGE ASHWORTH and ELIJAH ASHWORTH of the firm of Ashworth 1
Brothers of the Moss Brook Works, Collyhurst Manchester in the County of
Lancaster, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings:-
Our Invention relates principally to the main metal cylinders of carding a
engines. Previously to our invention these cylinders have been composed of three
principal parts namely a hollow cast iron cylinder and two end castings formed
with arms and central bosses prepared to fit the central shaft. The said cylinder
has been made as a loam casting and great care has been required to obtain suffi-
cient truth in the resulting cylinder the careful preparation for the casting
operation adding greatly to the cost of the finished cylinder. The cylinder casting
has been turned at each end to fit upon the turned end castings but with the
exercise of the greatest care in all the operations a near approximation to absolute
truth has not always been obtained and in many cases it has been necessary to add
to the cylinder a considerable weight of metal in the form of balance weights. To
obtain a more true cylinder with less labour and therefore at a lower cost is the
object of our invention. We cast the cylinder in two or more sections each com-
plete with sectional parts of ends. In practice we consider that it will be most
convenient to cast the cylinder in two half sections. We make the pattern for the
cylindrical half shell of metal and if necessary turn it inside and out so as to
obtain a true half cylinder of equal thickness throughout. To this half cylinder
we secure flanges and ribs thickening pieces or other parts necessary to form a
pattern for a complete half carding cylinder. The two edges are provided with
joint flanges whereby the two halves can be bolted together. The patterns to form
the half ends are also secured or fitted to the half cylinders and are formed or

page_text: provided with half bosses and with flanges through which bolts can be passed to
secure the two halves together. Moulds are obtained from such pattern or patterns
by ordinary processes so that two resulting castings when bolted or secured together
will form a cylinder complete with ends. We plane or mill the meeting faces of
the two half cylinders which are to be united the meeting surfaces of the half
bosses being preferably finished to be a little below the level of the outer surfaces
near the periphery of the cylinder. We prefer to use milling tools to make true
the meeting surfaces and to form tongues and grooves extending from end to
end of the cylinder close to the periphery of the same in order that the two
halves may interlock. We may also form similar interlocking parts on each side of
the boss or eye. When the two halves are bolted together with a suitably thin
material such as thin paper interposed between the two halves of the boss, we
bore the two bosses to suit the central shaft and we then remove the said thin
material and insert the shaft which the half bosses tightly grip when the bolts are
tightened up. The periphery of the cylinder is then turned to a true cylindrical
form upon or from the centres of the central shaft or mandril. The cylinder may
then be completed in the ordinary manner.
In order that the foregoing description of our invention may be more clearly
understood we have attached hereto a sheet of drawings illustrative of a cylinder
formed and produced in accordance with our invention. In the said drawings
which represent a cylinder about fifty inches in diameter Fig. 1. represents a cross
sectional view and Fig. 2. a longitudinal sectional view of the cylinder the length
of the cylinder being curtailed in the latter Fig. for want of space. The cylinder
consists of two half cylinders A and B. Each half cylinder is provided with a
half end consisting of a semi-annular flange b. connected with a half boss c. by
means of arms d. d¹. The meeting edges of the two half cylinders are provided
with flanges e. e. and the half bosses are provided with flanges f. f. All these parts
in the case of such half cylinder are cast together in one piece. Upon and in the
flanges e. are formed tongues and grooves as represented on a larger scale in Fig. 3.
We prefer to form a tongue upon one flange and a groove in the other in the case
of each half cylinder as in the case of the example illustrated. An advantage
attending this formation is that when the meeting flanges are trued by means of
mills or revolving cutters the same cutters with the same adjustment will prepare
the meeting faces of the flanges on both half cylinders. The two half cylinders
when bolted together in the manner clearly represented, or in a suitable manner,
form a complete cylinder. The cylinder having been bored under the conditions
herein before set forth will when bolted together with the shaft in position firmly
grip the shaft without the necessity for the employment of keys and when the
cylinder has been turned with the shaft in position and properly centred in the
lathe the periphery of the cylinder will be truly concentric with the shaft and if
the pattern or patterns froin which the half cylinders are cast has or have been
prepared with care and the moulding and casting operations been carefully executed
the cylinder will have a close approximation to truth and will not require the
addition of so much balancing weight as is usual in the cases of cylinders produced
in the ordinary manner. By means of this construction we expect to be enabled
to remove the shaft and to replace it without interfering with the concentric truth
of the cylinder. The holes g. g. in the flanges b. b are provided for the convenient
attachment of the balance weights. We do not confine ourselves to the formation
of the cylinder in two parts nor to the number or formation of the arms d. d¹ nor
to the formation of the cylinder ends with arms as the said ends may be of any
suitable formation so long as the sections are put together in the indicated manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:-
(1.) The carding engine cylinder composed of sections cast from patterns and
prepared to be bolted or secured together substantially as set forth and indicated.

page_text: (2.) The carding engine cylinder consisting of two semi-cylinders formed with
meeting flanges provided with interlocking tongues and grooves and with flanged
half bosses and bolted together to form a complete cylinder substantially as set
forth and indicated.
(3.) A carding engine cylinder consisting of two half cylinders produced in the
manner set forth secured together by means of bolts passing through flanges e. f.
and having the bosses or eyes bored under the conditions set forth to the exact
size of the shaft intended to be used so that when the said half cylinders are
clamped upon the shaft they will truly and tightly fit the same substantially as
and for the purpose set forth and indicated.
Dad thin 10th day of Santambor 1988
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James Sq., Manchester,
Agenta.