An Improved Candlestick or Candle Lamp.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Nov., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 12th Aug., 1890-Accepted, 13th Sept., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Candlestick or Candle Lamp.
EDWARD GWINNELL STIDDER of 283 Essex Road Islington in the County of
Middlesex Grocer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:--
This invention relates to that class of candle container in which the candle is urged
upwards in a manner to maintain its upper part constantly at a uniform level in
contact with a suitable collar having an opening slightly less in diameter than the
diameter of the candle.
According to my invention I provide a suitable stand from which a vertical
cylindrical container projects. The vertical cylindrical container is partly filled with
water and is fitted loosely with a convenient float having attached thereto a spring
clip capable of firmly retaining candles of varying diameters. At the upper end of
the vertical cylindrical container I secure a cover having a central opening smaller
in diameter than the candle to be employed and forming a collar which detains the
candle within the vertical cylindrical container in opposition to the upward pressure
exerted upon the floatable candle-holder by the water in which it is immersed.
Interchangeable covers with various sizes of openings may be employed to suit
candles of varying diameters or the cover may be made with a collapsible opening
forming a complete circular opening when closed to suit the smallest size candle to
be employed and detaining larger candles by contact at several points more or less in
number according to the number of approaching parts into which the collapsible
portion of the cover is divided.
Such candle containers, may be made in various designs and may be employed as
candle sticks emitting light from the naked flame or the cover may be provided with
suitable attachments for securing thereon a glass globe or chimney thereby constituting
what may be described as a candle lamp.
Inasmuch as the water employed in combination with the float described provides a
substitute for a spring and at the same time keeps the candle container and the
candle cool, candles may be employed capable of giving considerable lighting effect
and guttering under ordinary circumstances is avoided.
To provide against any guttering which may nevertheless occur a receptacle for
arresting such overflows may be provided by shaping the outer surface of the cover
accordingly.
Doted this 21st day of November 1889
AYRTON & THOMAS,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Candlestick or Candle Lamp.
I, EDWARD GWINNELL STIDDER of 23 Northampton Street, Essex Road, Islington
in the County of Middlesex Oil and Colorman, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to that class of candle container in which the candle is
urged upward in a manner to maintain its upper part constantly at a uniform level
in contact with a suitable collar having an opening slightly less in diameter than the
diameter of the candle.
According to my invention I provide a suitable stand or support from which a vertical
container, which will generally be cylindrical, projects. This vertical container is
normally partly filled with water and it contains a loose float the top of which is

page_text: suitably formed to receive the lower end of a candle. With this object the float may
have a spring clip attached to it capable of firmly retaining candles of varying
diameter, but I find in practice that a simple ring or circular flange on the top of the
float of sufficient diameter to receive the largest candle for which the candlestick or
candle lamp is intended is sufficient.
At the upper end of the vertical container I secure a cover having a central opening
smaller in diameter than the candle to be employed and forming the collar which
retains the candle within the vertical container in opposition to the upward pressure
exerted by the float which is immersed in the water and tends to rise to the
surface.
Such candle-containers can be made in various designs, and may be employed as
candlesticks emitting light from the naked flame, or the cover or upper part may be
provided with suitable attachments for securing thereon a glass globe or chimney,
thereby constituting what may be described as a candle lamp suitable as a reading
lamp or for other purposes. Or the candle-container may be fitted to a carriage
lamp.
Around
Figure 1 of the annexed drawings is a vertical section illustrating the adaptation or
application of my invention to a candle lamp. a is a stand or foot made hollow so as
to contain water. 66 is the vertical container projecting from the stand a.
the upper part of this container is a chamber c (of a more or less ornamental form)
for containing a reserve of water, it communicates with the container & by means of
holes d d in the latter. The chamber c has a filling aperture e fitted with a cap f
g is the loose float immersed in the water which is in the stand a and container b.
h is a ring or circular flange on the top of the float to receive the candle i the lower
end of which rests on the Hoat. The upper end of the candle bears against the under-
side of the cover (shown separately in plan in Figure 2) which fits upon the vertical
container b and has a central aperture for the passage of the wick. The upward
pressure exerted by the float keeps the candle, while this is being gradually consumed,
against the cover k, the float itself proportionately rising. The connection between the
cover and container 6 can if thought necessary be ensured against the upward
pressure of the candle by means of a bayonet joint or other suitable contrivance.
The amount of water in the container band chamber should be sufficient to enable
the float to rise high enough to bring the last portion of the candle against the
cover k. In practice I find that with the lamp shown a suitable amount of water is
such, as will rise in the chamber c to about the level indicated, when an entire candle
is pushed down with the float into the container. Whilst the candle rises during its
consumption the water from the chamber c gradually passes through the holes d d into
the container and thereby compensates for the diminishing displacement of the
water in the container. The container and chamber c can be supplied with water
through the open top of the container before the candle is introduced; and if it
should at any time be found that there is not enough water to sufficiently raise
the float for the last portion of the candle, more water can be introduced by the
aperture e.
As the water keeps the candle container and the candle cool, candles may be
employed capable of producing considerable lighting effect and guttering under
ordinary circumstances is avoided. But in order to provide against any guttering
which may nevertheless occur the cover k is shaped to form a receptacle for the over-
flows and for this purpose it can either be made with a cap or upper cover m as seen
in Figures 1 and 2 with a space between this cap and the cover k, this cover having
holes n n through which any grease that may enter the said space will return to the
outside of the candle; or the cover can be made with a rim or vertical flange p as
illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 to form a receptacle for the overflows.
If thought desirable interchangeable covers k with various sizes of central
apertures to suit candles of different diameters may be employed or the cover k
may be made with the central aperture 7 capable of being enlarged or diminished
in diameter by forming it of several pieces some of which can be slid in or on
the others.

page_text: q, Figure 1, represents a socket or attachment to receive a chimney; outside this
socket there may be a gallery or support for a globe.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. In a candlestick or candle lamp, a vertical container for water and a loose float
therein, the said float being adapted to receive the lower end of the candle and by its
tendency to rise maintaining the top of the candle against a collar or cover, substan-
tially as hereinbefore described.
2. In combination with a vertical water container and a loose float as referred to in
claim 1, a cover k, Figures 1 and 2, having holes n n, and a cap or upper cover m,
substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.
3. The improved candlestick or candle-lamp hereinbefore described and represented
in the annexed drawings.
Dated this 12th day of August 1800
J. C. MEWBURN,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agent.