AN IMPROVED COMPOUND TO BE USED AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR LINSEED OIL IN THE PREPARATION OF PAINT AND VARNISH
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the "International
Patent Office," No. 8, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in
the County of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer, for the Invention
of "AN IMPROVED COMPOUND TO BE USED AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR LINSEED
OIL IN THE PREPARATION OF PAINT AND VARNISH."-A communication
from abroad by Robert Edmund Ferguson and Benbow Brunswick
Ferguson, both of Chicago, Illinois, United States of America..
Sealed the 26th January 1869, and dated the 29th July 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 29th July 1868.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the "International Patent Office,"
No. 8, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED COMPOUND TO BE USED AS A SUBSTITUTE
FOR LINSEED OIL IN THE PREPARATION OF PAINT AND VARNISH," a commu-
nication, to be as follows:-
The said Invention relates to a compound which can be used instead

page_text: of linseed oil in the preparation of paints and varnishes, and can be
produced at less than one-third the cost of linseed oil, while paints mixed
with the said improved compound have a much finer gloss than ordinary
paints.
To prepare my improved compound I use the following ingredients,
namely, carbon oil, resin, beeswax, litharge, gum caoutchouc, and spirits
of turpentine; or carbon oil, resin, gum caoutchouc, gum shellac, and a
small proportion of linseed oil, the gum shellac and linseed oil in the
latter method of forming the compound being substituted for the spirits
of turpentine, beeswax, and litharge, the productions being similar in all
material points. If preferred the beeswax and litharge in the first
mixture may be omitted, and the gum shellac may be omitted from the
second mixture, these ingredients being used to give a drying property
to the oil.
In the first mixture the ingredients are mingled in the following
proportions-Ten gallons of carbon oil, fifteen pounds of resin, four
ounces of beeswax, four ounces of litharge, one ounce of the gum
caoutchouc, and one gallon of the spirits of turpentine. This mixture is
compounded as follows:-The carbon oil and resin are mixed together
by subjecting the same to heat until the resin is thoroughly dissolved.
To this while hot I add the beeswax and litharge, the said beeswax and
litharge having first been boiled together and allowed to cool and settle.
The gum caoutchouc is then dissolved in the turpentine, which is then
mixed with the compound and the same is ready for use.
In the second mode of forming this compound the gum caoutchouc
and linseed oil are heated together until the former is dissolved, the
resin is added while the mixture is hot, then the gum shellac is put in,
the carbon oil is added, and the mixture is ready for use.
The proportions of the ingredients in the last described mixture are as
follows: Six gallons of carbon oil, eight pounds of linseed oil, thirty
pounds of resin, two of gum caoutchouc, and one of gum shellac. The
proportions above specified may be varied to some extent in both
mixtures.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 28th January 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
ROBERT LAKE, of the "International Patent Ofice," No. 8, Southampton
Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Consulting
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said William Robert Lake, Her special licence
that I, the said William Robert Lake, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said William Robert Lake, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
COMPOUND TO BE USED AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR LINSEED OIL IN THE PREPARATION
OF PAINT AND VARNISH,' upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said William Robert Lake, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
"
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Robert Lake, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
The said Invention relates to a compound which can be used instead
of linseed oil in the preparation of paints and varnishes, and can be
produced at less than one-third the cost of linseed oil, while paints mixed

page_text: with the said improved compound have a much mer gloss than ordinary
paints.
To prepare my improved compound I use the following ingredients,
namely, carbon oil, resin, beeswax, litharge, gum caoutchouc, and spirits
of turpentine; or carbon oil, resin, gum caoutchouc, gum shellac, and a
small proportion of linseed oil, the gum shellac and linseed oil in the
latter method of forming the compound being substituted for the spirits
of turpentine, beeswax, and litharge, the productions being similar in all
material points. If preferred the beeswax and litharge in the first
mixture may be omitted, and the gum shellac may be omitted from the
second mixture, these ingredients being used to give a drying property
to the oil.
In the first mixture the ingredients are mingled in the following
proportions: Ten gallons of carbon oil, fifteen pounds of resin, four
ounces of beeswax, four ounces of litharge, one ounce of the gum
caoutchouc, and one gallon of the spirits of turpentine. This mixture
is compounded as follows:-The carbon oil and resin are mixed together
by subjecting the same to heat until the resin is thoroughly dissolved.
To this while hot I add the beeswax and litharge, the said beeswax and
litharge having first been boiled together and allowed to cool and settle.
The gum caoutchouc is then dissolved in the turpentine, which is then
mixed with the compound, and the same is ready for use.
In the second mode of forming this compound the gum caoutchouc
and linseed oil are heated together until the former is dissolved. The
resin is added while the mixture is hot, then the gum shellac is put in,
the carbon oil is added, and the mixture is ready for use.
The proportions of the ingredients in the last-described mixture are
as follows:-Six gallons of carbon oil, eight pounds of linseed oil, thirty
pounds of resin, two of gum caoutchouc, and one of gum shellac. The
proportions above specified may be varied to some extent in both
mixtures.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondents, I claim the herein described compound
or composition with the ingredients thereof combined in the proportions

page_text: and treated in the manner substantially as set forth to be used in the
preparation of paint and varnish.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of January, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
nine.
ILLIAM ROBERT LAKE. (L.S.)
Witness,
THO. N. PALMER,
Clerk to Messrs. Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
8, Southampton Buildings,
London.