Improvements in Machines for Manufacturing Jujubes and other Sweetmeats.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 5th June, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 5th Apr., 1594-Accepted, 5th May, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Manufacturing Jujubes and other
Sweetmeats.
I, ANDREW DEAS, of 67 Sydney Street, Glasgow, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to machines for moulding jujubes and, or, stamping or
moulding other confections and it has special reference to that class of such
machines in which a tray containing starch or like material is traversed along a
table, and as it travels it is first passed under a device for stamping out moulds in
the starch and then under a device for casting the semi-fluid or viscous material of
the sweetmeat in these moulds.
The invention has for its object to improve the construction and arrangement of
such machines.
In carrying out my invention the mould box or tray is carried by an endless
chain or band which is caused to move forward intermittently by means of ratchet
mechanism fitted at one end of the table or frame of the machine. The ratchet
mechanism is driven by suitable levers or connecting rods from a crank or driving
wheel made or fitted on the driving shaft which latter is or may be rotated by
power or by hand.
Moulds are stamped in the starch by means of a series of stamps which are
carried by a cross head arranged across the table of the machine. The cross head
is, at each side, fitted in vertical slots cut in sliding collars, which are fitted on two
vertical standards, one at each side of the machine. The sliding collars and cross-
head are caused to move up and down by means of a connecting rod, which, at its
lower end, is or may be pinned to a stud on a cog wheel gearing with the driving
wheel If so desired two connecting rods may be fitted, one at each side of the
machine, and be driven from the same shaft. When the stamps are brought down
they stamp out the moulds or recesses in the starch. In order to prevent the
stamps coming down on to the wooden beadings constituting the ends of the tray
two bell cranks are provided, one at each side of the cross head. These bell cranks
are pivotted in a fork or bracket on each sliding collar. The long arms of the bell
crank levers normally bear upon the back of the cross head, and, when the sliding
collars move downwards, they press down the stamps. Pinned to the short arms of
the bell cranks are vertical rods or wires which project downwards just below the
level of the bottom of the stamps. These wires are of such a length that, during
the process of stamping, they normally sink into the starch, but when they come in
contact with the edge of the board or tray, as it travels along, they, as the cross
head sinks, are forced upwards and turn the bell cranks to an extent sufficient to
move their long arms away out of contact with the cross head, so that the latter is
relieved of pressure and is free to move upwards in the slots of the sliding collars
and override the edges of the board or tray.
As the board travels from under the stamping device it passes under the casting
mechanism which consists of a long tapered hopper containing the semi-fluid
material to be cast. A series of holes or openings are made in the bottom of the
hopper which exactly correspond with the impressions or moulds made in the
starch. Fitted to a cross head above the hopper are a number of valve rods or

page_text: wires, one for each hole, which are capable of being passed into the holes so as to
open or partially or totally close them as required. The cross head and valve rods
are made to reciprocate up and down so as to open and close the holes in the
hopper by means of a connecting rod or lever having at its lower end, a stud which
works in a circumferential groove cut in a sleeve which is fitted loosely on and
is feathered to a collar carried on a vertical stud or spindle fitted in the table or
frame.
Vertical reciprocatory or up and down movement is given to the valve rods by
means of a lifting lever which is fulcrumed, preferably, at or about its centre, to
the table or frame and which is so situated that its one end can be struck and
depressed by means of a screw or pin fitted in a snug or bracket on one of the
sliding collars of the stamping device when the cross head of said stamping device
descends. This pin or screw is capable of adjustment. The other end of the
lifting lever, when the casting operation is going on, is so arranged as to be just
below and be capable of lifting up,-when its opposite end, is of course, depressed,-
an arm on the sleeve of the casting device. When the arm is lifted the sleeve and
connecting rod rises with it and the valve rods are lifted up so as to permit some of
the fluid from the casting hopper to drop through the holes into the moulds in the
tray below. When the sliding collars of the stamping device rise again the lifting
lever is immediately pulled back to its former horizontal position by means of a
spring or its equivalent and thereupon the valve rods descend and close the orifices
of the hopper.
As the stamping mechanism works continuously it follows, that the casting
mechanism would, with this arrangement, also work continuously no matter whether
the mould box or tray was below the casting hoppers or not. To prevent this and
to insure that the casting only takes place at the proper times, a short lever is
provided, which, at one end, is pinned to an arm on the collar of the casting device,
and, at its other end, which is provided with a friction roller or equivalent, it just
projects over one of the slides on which the box or tray travels. This lever is
normally held in its outward or extended position by means of a spring or
equivalent, and, when in this position, the collar and the sleeve upon it is pulled
round so that the arm on said sleeve is moved away from and out of contact with
the end of the lifting lever, and, as a consequence, so long as the arm is held in this
position, the movements of said lifting lever do not affect the casting mechanism
which remains at rest. As, however, the box or tray travels along underneath the
casting mechanism its end eventually comes in contact with the friction roller on
the small spring lever and presses said lever inwards so turning it and the sleeve
and collar round on the stud or spindle to an extent sufficient to bring the arm on
the sleeve just over the lifting lever when, of course, the movements of the lever
lift up the sleeve and connecting rod and actuate the valve rods. When the board
has travelled from below the casting hopper the spring lever, resumes its extended
position and throws the casting mechanism out of gear.
If preferred two connecting rods may be fitted one at each side of the machine
for lifting up the cross head carrying the valve rods.
In this case both con-
necting rods may be linked or connected to crank arms on a cross shaft so that
when one moves the other will move synchronously with it.
It is not necessary
to have duplicate sets of mechanism for actuating the valve rods as one set is
sufficient.
The lifting lever may be weighted at one end in order to bring it back to its
original position after being lifted by the descending collar of the stamping
mechanism.
If desired two casting hoppers may be provided one behind the other and both
driven by the same mechanism. The one hopper may be used for casting a
different material from the other. Thus, when making fondants, one may be used
for casting the material of the crosses or other embellishments and the other for
the material forming the body of the sweet.
The stamps may be of any suitable shape and design.

page_text: If desired the adjustment screw or pin may be in the end of the lifting lever
instead of in a bracket on the sliding collar of the stamping device.
11 Tu1803
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Manufacturing Jujubes and other
Sweetmeats.
I, ANDREW DEAS, of 67 Sydney Street, Glasgow, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to machines for moulding jujubes and, or, stamping or
moulding other confections and it has special reference to that class of such
machines in which a tray containing starch or like material is traversed along a
table, and as it travels, it is first passed under a device for stamping out moulds in
the starch and then under a device for casting the semi-fluid or viscous matter of
the sweetmeat in these moulds.
The invention has for its object to improve the construction and arrangement of
such machines.
And in order that my said invention may be properly understood I have hereunto
appended two explanatory sheets of drawings, whereon,
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the machine.
Fig. 2 is a plan.
Fig. 3 is an end view.
Fig. 4 is a part vertical section on the line x-x Fig. 1.
Figs. 5 and 6 are, respectively, side and plan views of a modification.
Figs. 7 to 12 are detail views.
Referring to the drawings whereon the same reference numerals, wherever
repeated, indicate the same or similar parts.
In carrying out my invention the mould box or tray 1 (Fig. 3.) is carried by an
endless chain or band 2 which is caused to move forward intermittently by means
of pawl and ratchet mechanism 3 fitted at one end of the table or frame 4 of the
machine. The ratchet mechanism is driven by a connecting rod 5 from a driving
wheel 6 fitted on the driving shaft 7 which latter is or may be rotated by power or
by hand. 8, 9, are fast and loose pulleys for driving it by power.
Moulds are stamped in the starch by means of a series of stamps or dies 10
(Figs. 3 and 12) which are carried by a cross head 11 arranged across the table of
the machine. The cross head is, at each side, fitted in vertical guides 13 (Figs. 3
and 8) made or secured to sliding collars 14, 14 which are fitted on two vertical
standards 15, 15 one at each side of the machine. The sliding collars and cross-
head are caused to move up and down by means of a connecting rod 17, which, at
its lower end, is pinned to a stud 18 on a cog wheel 20 gearing with the driving
wheel 6. If so desired two connecting rods 17, 19 (Fig. 3) may be fitted, one at
When the stamps
each side of the machine, and be driven from the same shaft 7*.
In order
are brought down they stamp out the moulds or recesses in the starch.
to prevent the stamps coming down on to the wooden beadings or edges constituting
the ends of the trays two bell cranks 21, 21, see Figs. 2, 3, 7, 8 are provided, one
at each side of the cross head. These bell cranks are pivotted in a fork or
bracket 22 on each sliding collar. The long arms of the bell crank levers normally
bear upon raised parts 11 (Figs. 7 & 8) on the back of the cross head 11, and,
when the sliding collars 14 move downwards, they press down the stamps. Pinned
to the short arms of the bell cranks are vertical rods or wires 23 which project
downwards just below the level of the bottom of the stamps. 23* are eyes for

page_text: limiting the movement of the wires. These wires are of such a length that, during
the process of stamping, they normally sink into the starch, but, when they come in
contact with the edge of the board or tray, as it travels along, they, as the cross
head sinks, are forced upwards and turn the bell cranks to an extent sufficient to
move their long arms away out of contact with the parts 11 of the cross head so
that the latter is relieved of pressure and is free to move upwards in the guides 13
of the sliding collars and override the edges of the board or tray.
As the board travels from under the stamping device it passes under the casting
mechanism which consists of a long tapered hopper 24 (see also Fig. 4) containing
the semi-fluid material to be cast. A series of openings or holes are made in the
bottom of the hopper which exactly correspond with the impressions or moulds
made in the starch. Fitted to a cross head 25 above the hopper are a number of
valve rods or wires 26, one for each hole, which are capable of being passed into
the holes so as to open or partially or totally close them as required.
The cross head and valve rods are made to reciprocate up and down so as to open
and close the holes in the hopper by means of connecting rods or levers 27, which,
at their lower ends, are connected to cranks 28 on a cross shaft 29. Connected to
the crank 28 is a rod 30 (see also Figs. 4, 9, and 10) the upper end of which is
connected to a stud 31 which is fitted into a collar 32 on a sleeve 33 which latter is
fitted loosely on and is feathered to an inner sleeve 34 carried on a vertical
spindle 35 fitted to the table or frame (see also enlarged view Fig. 11). The
collar 32 which is free to rotate is retained in position by a second collar 32*
clamped to the sleeve 33 by a pinching screw 33*. 35" is a collar which is pinned
to the spindle 35 and prevents the sleeve 34 moving upwards.
Vertical reciprocatory or up and down movement is given to the valve rods 26
by means of a lifting lever 36 which is fulcrumed, preferably, at or about its centre,
on a movable stud or pivot 36* inserted in a bracket 47 (Fig. 9) secured to the
frame. 48 is a collar on the pivot 36*. The lever, which is capable of movement
in both a horizontal and vertical plane, is so situated that its one end can be struck
and depressed by means of a screw 37 or pin, fitted in a snug or bracket 38 on one
of the sliding collars 14 of the stamping device, when the cross head of said
stamping device descends. This pin or screw is capable of vertical adjustment.
The other end of the lifting lever 36, when the casting operation is going on, is so
arranged as to be just below and be capable of lifting up, when its opposite end, is
of course, depressed, an arm 39 on the sleeve 33 of the casting device. When the
arm 39 is lifted, the sleeve 33 and connecting rod 30 rises with it, and, as a con-
sequence, the rods 27 and valve rods 26 are lifted up so as to permit some of the
fluid from the casting hopper to drop through the holes into the moulds in the tray
below. When the sliding collars 14 of the stamping device rise again the lifting
lever 36 is immediately pulled back to its former horizontal position by means of a
spring 40 or its equivalent and thereupon the valve rods descend and close the
orifices of the hopper. The valve rods are screwed at their upper ends so as to be
adjustable vertically.
As the stamping mechanism works continuously it follows that the casting
mechanism would, with this arrangement, also work continuously no matter whether
the mould box or tray was below the casting hopper or not. To prevent this and
to insure that the casting only takes place at the proper times, a short lever 41 is
provided, which is made one with or secured to the collar 34 of the casting device,
and is provided with a friction roller 42, or its equivalent, which just projects over
one of the slides 43 on which the box or tray 1 travels. This lever is normally
held in its outward position by means of a spring 44, or equivalent, and, when in
this position, the collar 34 and the sleeve 33 upon it is pulled round so that the
arm 39 on said sleeve is moved away from and out of contact with the end of the
lifting lever 36, and, as a consequence, so long as the arm is held in this position
the movements of said lifting lever do not affect the casting mechanism which
remains at rest. As, however, the box or tray travels along underneath the casting
mechanism its front end eventually comes in contact with the friction roller 42 on

page_text: the small spring lever 41 and presses said lever back so turning it and the sleeve
and collar round on the spindle 35 to an extent sufficient to bring the arm 39 on
the sleeve just over the lifting lever, when, of course, the movements of the lever
When the board
lift up the sleeve and connecting rod and actuate the valve rods.
has travelled from below the casting hopper the spring lever 41 resumes its original
position and throws the casting mechanism out of gear. It is evident, with this
arrangement, that, as the casting mechanism is brought into action immediately the
front edge of the board 1 strikes the roller 42 and is only stopped when the extreme
back edge of the board is reached, there is a possibility that the fluid in the hopper
will be cast on the beadings forming the ends of the board. To obviate this the
pivot 36 of the lifting lever 36 has an arm 45, provided with a friction roller 46 at
its end, made on or secured to its side. The roller 46 projects over the slide 43.
and is about two inches from the roller 42 of the lever 41. The arrangement is
such that when the front edge of the board presses back the roller 46 the pivot 36*
and lifting lever are forced to turn, against the action of spring 49, a slight distance
outwards and nearly under the arm 39. As the board continues to travel its front
edge comes in contact with the roller 42, and as before explained turns the arm 39
so as to bring it directly over the lifting lever. The movements of this lever can
now actuate the valve rods 26. As it is necessary that both rollers 46 and 42
should be pressed back before the casting mechanism is put in motion and as the
distance between these rollers is two inches, the breadth of the board edges, it
follows that the valve rods 26 cannot be operated so as to cast the fluid on the
front edge. The same arrangement prevents the rods 26 being actuated so as to
cast fluid on the back edge, as immediately the roller 46 reaches the end of the
board the spring 49, pulls the lifting lever away from under the arm 39 and at
once stops the casting even although the roller 42 remains in contact with the
board.
50 and 51 are stops for limiting the movement of the lifting lever.
The lifting lever 36 may be weighted at one end in order to bring it back to
its original position after being lifted by the descending collar of the stamping
mechanism.
Figs. 5 and 6 show a modified method of constructing the vertical standards 15.
In this case the standards may be flat and each be provided with a vertical dove-tail
guide groove 53 in which the ends of the stamping cross-head 11, made with corre-
sponding projections, slides. The side piece 54 of each groove may be movable
and be capable of lateral adjustment by means of screws 55.
If desired two casting hoppers may be provided one behind the other and be both
driven by the same style of mechanism. One hopper would preferably be driven
from the mechanism as shown at Fig. 1 and the other by duplicate mechanism
fitted at the opposite side of the frame. The one hopper may be used for casting
a different material from the other. Thus, when making fondants, one may be
used for casting the material of the crosses or other embellishments and the other
for the material forming the body of the sweet.
The stamps may be of any suitable shape & design.
If desired the adjustment screw or pin 37 may be in the end of the lifting lever
This screw is
instead of in a bracket on the sliding collar of the stamping device.
used for regulating the rise and fall of the valve rods 26 and therefore the quantity
of fluid dropped from the hopper.
Instead of the connecting rods 17, 19, being connected to the wheels 20, 20", they
may be connected to cranks fitted on the outer ends of the shaft 7".
56 are catches which are fitted at intervals on the chain 2, and, as the chain
travels, catch the boards 1 and carry them forward.
If it is found desirable or necessary the stamps 10 may be adjusted vertically by
means of screw studs 58 (see Fig. 12) which enter the cross head 11 and a metal
backing plate 59 secured to the back of the stamp board 60.
The reciprocating stamping device may be driven by cam or other suitable
mechanism if so desired.

page_text: It is to be understood that I do not confine myself to the precise form of machine
shown on the drawings as parts may be altered or modified without departing from
the principle of the invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
consider novel and desire to claim is : :-
1. The general arrangement and combination of parts of the machine for
manufacturing jujubes and other sweetmeats, substantially as hereinbefore described
with reference to the drawings annexed.
2. In the manufacture of jujubes and other sweetmeats, the application and use
of a vertically reciprocating mould stamping device, substantially as hereinbefore
set forth.
3. The mechanism whereby the stamping device in conjunction with the starch
board or tray is made to automatically actuate, at the proper times, the casting or
dropping mechanism, substantially as herein before described with reference to
Figs. 1, 2, 9, 10 and 11 of the drawings annexed.
Dated this 4th day of April 1894.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.