Year: 1898

page_text: We, CHAIMSONOVITZ PROSPER ELIESON, of 75, Edith Road, West Kensington, in
the County of London, Electrical Engineer, and WILLIAM SLATER NAYLOR, of
4, Greenland Place, Camden Town, in the County of London, Electrician, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a combined switch and controller for electro motors
whereby the speed of such motors particularly in the case of electrically propelled
vehicles, boats and the like can be controlled and regulated in a more simple and
certain manner than hitherto.
In driving an electrically propelled vehicle having the controller set for a certain
combination or speed, it is necessary in order to break the circuit to run the contact
parts back through the whole several combinations, thereby constantly injuring the
contacts, by the sparking which must take place in so doing. Also in following other
vehicles at a slow speed, it is frequently necessary to make and break contact many
times a minute, at the same time destroying the combination contact blocks, which
should remain intact. Again it is often uncertain for the driver when changing his
combination or variation of speed to know exactly if the two contact blocks
which complete the combination and circuit are in the central position of each
contact block.
Now the object of our invention is to provide a combined switch and controller
whereby the above objections are obviated with the advantage that only one operating
handle is required.
According to our invention the controlling handle of the switch is so constructed
and arranged that it can slide up and down sufficiently to make or break the circuit
by actuating auxiliary contacts whereby the circuit can be broken without interfering
with the existing combination. By this arrangement we can break the circuit and
alter the combination and again close the circuit by depressing or raising the handle
or vice versa.
It will thus be seen that by our invention the combination arrangement of the
switch need never be used for breaking the circuit, consequently the only portions
of our switch which are liable to wear are the auxiliary contacts which can easily be
renewed.
In order to prevent the contacts of the controlling portion of the switch remaining
in insufficient contact we provide an arrangement in connection with an electric
bell or other signalling device which will operate so long as the contact blocks are not
making contact to their full extent or are not central to each other.
1000
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: A Combined Switch and Controller for Electro Motors.
We, CHAIMSONOVITZ PROSPER ELIESON, of 75, Edith Road, West Kensington, in
the County of London, Electrical Engineer, and WILLIAM SLATER NAYLOR, of
4, Greenland Place, Camden Town, in the County of London, Electrician, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in. and by the following
statement
This invention relates to a combined switch and controller for electro motors
whereby the speed of such motors particularly in the case of electrically propelled
vehicles, boats and the' like can be controlled and regulated in a more simple and
certain manner than hitherto.
In driving an electrically propelled vehicle having the controller set for a certain
combination or speed, it is necessary in order to break the circuit to run the contact
parts back through the several combinations, thereby constantly injuring the
contacts, by the sparking which must take place in so doing. Also in following other
vehicles at a slow speed, it is frequently necessary to make and break contact many
times a minute, at the same time destroying the combination contact blocks, which
should remain intact. Again it is often uncertain for the driver when changing his
combination or variation of speed to know exactly if the two contact blocks.which
complete the combination and circuit are in the central position of each contact
block.
Now the object of our invention is to provide a combined switch and controller
wherein the above objections are obviated with the advantage that only one operating
handle is required.
According to our invention the controlling handle of the switch is so constructed
and arranged that it can slide up and down sufficiently to make or break the circuit
by actuating auxiliary contacts whereby the circuit can be broken without interfering
with the existing combination. By this arrangement we can break the circuit and
alter the combination and again close the circuit by depressing or raising the handle
or vice versa.
It will thus be seen that by our invention the combination arrangement of the
switch need never be used for breaking the circuit, consequently the only portions of
our switch which are liable to wear are the auxiliary contacts which can easily be
renewed.
In order to prevent the contacts of the controlling portion of the switch remaining
in insufficient contact we provide an arrangement in connection with an electric bell
or other signalling device which will operate so long as the contact blocks are not
making contact to their full extent or are not central to each other.
To enable our invention to be fully understood we will describe the same by
reference to the accompanying drawing, in which :-
Figure 1 is an elevation of a combined switch and controller having our improve-
ments applied to it :
Figure 2 is a sectional plan of the apparatus shewn in Figure 1 the section being
taken on the line 2-2 of the said figure.
Figure 3 is an elevation partly in section on the line 3-3 Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of Figure 2; and,
Figure 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of Figure 1 looking in the direction of the
arrow in the said figure.
a is the box or case of the switch mechanism and b is a floor or plate of insulating
material upon which contact pieces c, c¹, c², c³, ct, c³, c, c' are fixed.
d, e are two movable contact arms the former of which is mounted upon a shaft or
spindle f having an operating handle g at the upper end and adapted to be moved

page_text: thereby to make contact with either of the fixed contacts c, c¹, c² or c³. The contact
arm e is axially mounted upon the said shaft ƒ but receives its motion from the
movable contact arm d in such a manner that when the said contact arm d is moved
from the position shewn in Figure 2 to make contact with either of the contact pieces
c or c¹ the contact arm e will remain stationary whilst when the contact arm d is
moved to make contact with either of the fixed contacts c² or c³ the said contact arm e
will be moved from the position shewn in Figure 2 so that the fixed contact c' will be
brought into circuit. When the contact arm e is in the position shewn in Figure 2
and the contact arm & in contact with either of the contact pieces c or c¹ the armature
and electro magnets of the motor will be in series, the current from only a portion of
the cells flowing through the said armature and magnet when the arm d and
contact c are in contact, and from the whole of the cells when the arm and
the contact care in contact. When, however, the arm & is moved to make contact
with either of the contact pieces c² or c³ the arm e will be moved as hereinbefore
described to bring the contact c³ into the circuit in which case the magnets and the
armature of the motor will be arranged in the circuit in parallel, the current of part
of the cells flowing through the motor when the arm d is in contact with the contact
piece c² and from the whole of the cells when the contact arm is in contact with the
contact piece c³.
h is a segment connected to the shaft f below the plate b so as to rotate with the
said shaft and having in it a series of notches i, i corresponding with the different
positions of the movable arm d.
It is to be understood that the arrangement herein before described and also the
means employed for operating the contact arm e from the contact arm & constitute
no part of our invention the description being introduced here in order that the
application of our invention to the switch may be clearly understood.
In adapting our invention to the parts herein before described we make that part
of the shaft upon which the contact arm dis mounted of square section as
indicated at j and we make the boss of the arm d of a corresponding shape so that
the said part is free to slide therein. It is to be understood, however, that the
part may be of any desirable shape, or, if desired, a key working in a key-way
may be made use of, provided that the shaft f is free to slide up and down and is
also able to transmit the rotary movement to the contact arm d.
To the lower end of the said shaft f we fix a contact bar k the said bar being
insulated from the said shaft and on the underside of the plate b we fix two contact
forks l, l, which contact forks together with the bark are designed to form a part of
one of the current leads to the motor, whereby it will be readily understood that
when the bar is in the position shewn in Figure 4 this part of the circuit of the
motor will be intact whilst when the shaft f is depressed so that the bar k occupies
the position indicated by the dotted lines in Figure 4 the circuit will be broken,
that is to say, so long as the bark is in contact with the forks l, the current can be
distributed by the contact arms and e in any desired manner by rotating the
shaft whilst when the said bar is lowered out of contact with the forks 1, 1 the
e.rcuit is broken notwithstanding that the circuit is closed in so far as the contact
arms d and e are concerned.
The operation of this contact arrangement is as follows:-Suppose that the circuit
is completed through the bar and that the contact arm d is in contact with the
contact piece c³ which corresponds with the fastest speed of the motor, if now it is
desired to suddenly shut off the current it is only necessary to depress the shaft f
so as to move the bar out of contact with the forks l, 1 whereas hitherto it has
been necessary to turn the arm d back to its zero position past all the contacts c², c¹
and thereby causing an amount of sparking which would rapidly cause the
deterioration of the said contacts. When, however, the contact is broken by the
bark the contact arm & can be turned back to its zero position without any sparking
at all so as to be again ready for starting the motor at the slowest or any inter-
mediate speed as desired. By this construction it will be understood that practically

page_text: 'the whole of the sparking, if the contacts k, are properly used, will take place on
these contacts which can be readily renewed instead of upon the main contacts.
m is a guide bar fixed to the plate b and having engaging with it the forked end of a
guide arm n fixed to the side of the bar, the said guide bar and guide arm serving
to maintain the said bark with its ends in proper position relatively with the contact
forks, during the turning of the shaft f, o, o are adjusting screws for regulating
the friction between the ends of the bar and the surfaces of the contact
forks l, l.
In order to indicate to the driver of a motor when the contact arms d and e are in full
I contact with their respective contacts c, c', c², c³, c², c³, c, c we make use of the
spring pin p which operates in conjunction with the notches i, i of the segment / in
a well known manner. An insulating button q, Figures 3 and 5, on the outer end of
the spring pin p is arranged in conjunction with a contact spring r in the circuit of
an electric bell and battery; so long as the pin p is in full engagement with one
of the notches i, i the contact between the spring r and the corresponding fixed
contacts is broken, should, however, the segment h, which rotates with the spindle f,
stop in such a position that the pin is out of engagement or only partially
in engagement with one of the notches i then the said pin will hold the
contact spring against the contacts and close the circuit so that the bell
will ring, that is to say, when the contact arm d is not in full contact with one
..of the contacts c, c1, c2 c³ the bell will indicate this by ringing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In a combined switch and controller for electro motors the arrangement of
auxiliary contacts in connection with the shaft for operating the controller whereby
the electric circuit can be broken, substantially as described.
2. In a combined switch and controller operated by the rotation of a shaft,
arranging the said shaft to slide longitudinally and combining with it contacts adapted
to be opened and closed by the longitudinal movement of the said shaft, substantially
as described.
3. In a combined switch and controller for electro motors wherein a series of
contacts are arranged in conjunction with an arm operated by a rotating shaft, the
combination with the said shaft of a segment having notches in it corresponding
with the several positions of the contact arm and a pin operating in conjunction
with the said notched segment and with a contact for completing the circuit of an
electric bell, substantially as, and for the purpose, described.
4. The manufacture and use of a combined switch and controller for electro
motors substantially as herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawing.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicants.