IM- PROVEMENTS IN LACE, WARP, KNITTING, OR OTHER SIMILAR MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LOOPED AND FAST KNOTTED FABRICS, PART OF SUCH MACHINERY BEING APPLICABLE TO SEWING, STITCHING, OR QUILTING PURPOSES
Year: 1867

page_text: ETTERS PATENT to John Garrett Tongue, of the Firm of Tongue and
Birkbeck, Patent Agents and Engineers, of 34, Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN LACE, WARP, KNITTING, OR OTHER SIMILAR MACHINERY FOR
THE MANUFACTURE OF LOOPED AND FAST KNOTTED FABRICS, PART OF SUCH
MACHINERY BEING APPLICABLE TO SEWING, STITCHING, OR QUILTING PURPOSES."
-A communication from abroad by Charles Keenan and John Keenan,
Lace Manufacturers, and William Birks, senior, and William Birks,
junior, Machinists, all of Puteaux (Seine), in the Empire of France.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Garrett Tongue at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th March 1867.
I, JOHN GARRETT TONGUE, of the Firm of Tongue and Birkbeck, Patent
Agents and Engineers, of 34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LACE, WARP, KNITTING, OR OTHER SIMILAR MACHINERY
FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LOOPED AND FAST KNOTTED FABRICS, PART OF SUCH
MACHINERY BEING APPLICABLE TO SEWING, STITCHING, OR QUILTING PURPOSES," to
be as follows:
The first part of these improvements in machinery for the manufacture of
bobbin net lace and looped fabrics relates to the application and use of a

page_text: needle or guide in conjunction with a hook or picker and points, by which
application a single loop or a continuation of loops may be formed. The
needle and picker when worked in conjunction with a carriage thread form a
fast knot by the passage of the carriage through the loop formed by the needle
points and pickers. It is proposed to use one of such needles or guides and
hooks or pickers and points to each carriage in carrying out this part of the
Invention. The class of machinery. it is preferred to employ in carrying out
this part of the Invention is what is commonly known as "Leaver's" machine,
although it is not confined to such machinery, as the Invention is applicable
to other arrangements of lace machinery.
The second part of the Invention relates to the use and application of
shuttles in combination with the needles and pickers and points mentioned in
the first part of these improvements. The above-mentioned shuttles and
needles are worked in a similar manner to a sewing machine, with this
difference, that a row or tier of such shuttles and needles are placed side by
side, by which means the same kind of looped work may be made as that
made in accordance with the first part of these improvements. The shuttles
may be arranged either with one shuttle working crosswise, or one to each
needle. When making the change for sewing purposes a plate of metal is
fixed across the machine with holes pierced for the needles to pass through,
its position being just above the shuttle, the point bar acting as the driver for
taking the work along and regulating the length of the stitch. The fabric to
be stitched is placed on the top of the plate of metal in the same way as in
a common sewing machine. For taking the work away a bar is employed
cut on the under part like a foot or feeder of a sewing machine, and having
the fabric between it and the plate, so that by the in-and-out motion of the
bar the length of the stitch is regulated, an up-and-down motion being given
to the bar similar to a foot or feeder of a sewing machine to move the work
along. The work beam is not required when using this arrangement of
machine for sewing purposes, the work passing under the bar instead of over
it, which is the case when making a net fabric. This Invention is not
confined to machinery of the above description having a row or tier of
needles, as the same principle is applicable for working with a single needle
sewing machine. When making the chain stitch the shuttle is dispensed
with, and when making the shuttle stitch the hook or picker bar is dispensed
with, but when making a fast-knotted stitch the hook or picker bar is used
in conjunction with the shuttle. By a slight modification of the machinery
it can be employed for sewing purposes, having the advantage of sewing with
the whole row or tier of needles, or a part of them at the same time, for such

page_text: purposes as quilting where the stitches run in parallel lines. For this part
of the Invention the machinery is constructed on a much smaller scale to
that of the lace machinery before referred to, being made light and
portable.
"
The third part of the Invention also relates to the production of fast-knotted
fabrics by the application of a shuttle or shuttles to the "warp machine
in combination with hooks, points, and guides. The hooks, points, and guides,
when working in combination form the loops, the shuttle or shuttles are
passed through the loops, and so form a fast-knotted fabric. The needles
now in use in the warp machine are dispensed with, and are replaced by
points, the sinkers being retained, and if preferred are arranged to work
independently. From the previous description it will be evident that this
part of the Invention is applicable to the stocking frame or knitting machinery
owing to its similarity to the warp machine.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Garrett Tongue in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
28th September 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
GARRETT TONGUE, of the Firm of Tongue and Birkbeck, Patent Agents and
Engineers, of 34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excelleut Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her reign
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
John Garrett Tongue, Her special licence that I, the said John Garrett
Tongue, my executors, administrators, and, assigns, or such others as I, the
said John Garrett Tongue, ny executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN LACE, WARP, KNITTING, OR OTHER SIMILAR MACHINERY POR THE
MANUFACTURE OF LOOPED AND FAST KNOTTED FABRICS, PART OF SUCH MACHINERY
BEING APPLICABLE TO SEWING, STITCHING, OR QUILTING PURPOSES," a conimunication

page_text: to me from abroad by Charles Keenan and John Keenan, Lace Manufacturers,
and William Birks, senior, and William Birks, junior, Machinists, all of
Puteaux (Seine), in the Empire of France, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said John Garrett Tongue, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Garrett Tongue, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-
The first part of these improvements in machinery for the manufacture of
bobbin net lace and looped fabrics relates to the application and use of a
needle or guide in conjunction with a hook or picker and points, by which
application a single loop or a continuation of loops may be formed. The
needle and picker when worked in conjunction with a carriage thread form a
fast knot by the passage of the carriage through the loop formed by the
needle points and pickers. It is proposed to use one of such needles and
guides, and hooks, or pickers and points to such carriage in carrying out this
part of the Invention. The class of machinery it is preferred to employ in
carrying out this part of the Invention is what is commonly known as
"Leaver's machine," although it is not confined to this class of machinery as
the Invention is applicable to other arrangements of lace machinery.
And in order that this part of the Invention may be most fully understood
and readily carried into effect I will proceed to describe the Drawings here-
unto annexed.
Figure 1 (Sheet 1) shews a transverse section of so much of a bobbin net
or twist lace machine as will enable me to explain the means employed in
carrying out this part of the Invention.
a is what is generally known as the front point bar of a Leaver's lace
machine, but in this arrangement of machinery it is used as a needle or guide
bar having an up-and-down movement imparted thereto by means of a
suitable can or cams as is well understood. a', a¹, are the needles or guides
cast in leads and fixed on the bar a in the usual manner; b is the warp
roller which is mounted (so as to revolve in bearings on the end framings

page_text: of the machine) above the carriages in place of below, as is usually the
case in Leaver's machine, so that by this arrangement the warp threads
pass direct to and through the eyes of the needles or guides a¹, a¹. The warp
threads in place of being wound upon the roller 6 may be wound upon
separate spools or bobbins; c is the hook or picker bar which has a move-
ment communicated to it (by means of suitable cams) from back to front of
the machine in order to cause the hooks or pickers c¹ to enter between the
warp threads and retain the loops (as herein-after described) when the needle
bar a descends, a shogging or endway movement being given to the bar c;
d is the point bar which has simply a to-and-fro and endway movements
imparted thereto so as to introduce the points d' between the warp threads
and withdraw them from time to time as required in the working of each
successive course, there being one point d' for each needle a¹ employed; e, e
are the bobbins and carriages supported by and moving from front to back of:
the machine in combs carried by the comb bars f, f, as is well understood;:
9, 9, are the catch bars, and h, h, is the work bar formed in two parts for the-
work to pass away between to the work roller i, the arrangement of which
will be readily understood by a mechanic acquainted with this class of
machinery. When the needles or guides a¹ descend to form the loop the
warp beam is caused to revolve by means of a ratchet wheel or other
suitable mechanical contrivance so as to give off a sufficient length of warp.
After the hooks or
for each downward movement of the needles or guides a¹.
pickers c¹ bave released the loops, and before the carriages e¹ pass between the
needles or guides a', the warp roller 6 is caused. to take up the slack of the
warp threads by reversing its motion, and after the carriages have passed
between the needles or guides a, and when the latter are rising to throw off
the loops, the warp roller b by a further reverse movement is caused to take
up the remainder of the slack, and thus tighten the knot formed by the passage
of the carriage thread through the loop or noose previously formed in the
warp thread. In place of causing the warp beam & to revolve, as previously
described, the warp threads may be accommodated to the movements of the
bars and instruments in various ways, for instance, the warp threads may pass
over a roller or bar carried by lever arms, which may be actuated by a
suitable cam or other mechanical means so as to maintain the warp threads at
a suitable degree of tension during the several movements of the bars and.
instruments; or the warp beam may be caused to rise and fall for the same.
purpose, the length of the warp required for producing the work being given
off independently of the movements above described by any of the well-known
mechanical means employed for this purpose..

page_text: Having referred to the main operating parts I will now proceed to describe
the working of a course for the production of a fast knotted net fabric by the
arrangement of machinery previously described.
When the parts are in the position shown in Figure 1 of the Drawings the
movement of the machine causes the needle or guide bar a to descend, the
needles or guides a passing down between the points d' until the points of
the needles or guides a are below the carriages e¹ and combs f¹. The hooks
or pickers c of the bar c then enter between the warp threads and needles or
guides a; the needle bar then rises above the points d¹ of the bar d, the
threads being retained by the hooks or pickers below in the form of a loop.
The point bar d then shogs one gait or a suitable distance to the right hand to
allow the needles a¹ to descend with the threads on the other side of the points,
The needle bar a then descends, the needles and threads passing down at the
back of and through the loops retained by the pickers c', the pickers at this
time holding the loops forward so that the points of the needles a can descend
at the back of them, the picker bar c shogging a suitable distance to move the
Joops opposite to the points of the needles. When the needles a¹ have nearly
approached to the hooks or pickers c¹ the latter move back and are so formed
as to carry the loops over the points of the needles a', and then by their further
backward movement release the loops. At the same time the needles a¹
descend a short distance further to ensure the entrance of the needles into the
loops. At this time the loose threads released by the pickers are tightened by
the means previously described, so as to draw the noose formed by the move-
ments of the instruments as previously described up the needles, a¹ to the
points d'. The carriages e¹ now pass through between the needles a¹ and the
warp threads (as shown by the position of the parts at Figure 2 of the Drawings
hereunto annexed) the hooks or pickers c' being re-introduced between the needles
and warp threads to form a space so as to insure the passage of the carriages
between the needles and the threads. The pickers or books c are then
withdrawn and the needles a¹ again rise, the points d' of the point bar d
retaining the loops and acting to draw them from off the stems, of the needles a',
the remaining portion of the slack being taken up by the movement of the
warp beam or otherwise as above described. The points d' are withdrawn
from the knot immediately after the needle is withdrawn from the loop, and
the tightening of the warp is continued until after both the needles and points
are withdrawn from the work sufficiently to tighten the knot.
Before commencing the next course of work the points d' are moved forward
again, and the needle bar a is shogged one gait or space to the right or left, as
the case may be, when the instruments again pass through the series of move-

page_text: ments previously described to form a second course, each course being worked
alternately by the needles a with the carriage to the right hand, and then with
the carriage to the left hand. The movements of the instruments employed may
be varied to produce a similar result; for instance, the carriages may be
shogged endways in place of the needle bar, and so forth, as is well
understood.
I will now proceed to describe the second part of the Invention, which
relates to the use and application of shuttles in conibination with the needles a¹,
pickers c', and points d' previously described under the first part of these
improvements. The shuttles and needles employed in carrying out this part
of the Invention are worked in a similar manner to a sewing machine, with
this difference, that a row or tier of such shuttles and needles are placed side
by side, by which means the same kind of looped or knotted work be
may
made as that made in accordance with the first part of these improvements.
The shuttles may be arranged with one shuttle working crosswise or one to
cach needle.
Figure 3 (Sheet 2 of the Drawings) shows so much of the transverse
section of a machine constructed according to this part of the Invention as
will enable me to describe the same. Corresponding parts in this arrange-
ment of machinery are marked with similar letters of reference to corresponding
parts in the arrangement of machinery previously described and shewn in
Sheet 1 of the Drawings, the series of movements of such instruments to form
a course of work also corresponds with those described in reference to the
first part of these improvements, whereby a noose is formed for the passage of
the shuttles j, which are in this arrangement substituted for the bobbins
and carriages shown in Sheet 1 of the Drawings. The shuttles ; in
this arrangement are formed to work in the arc of a circle as shown,
with a slot at the top for the passage of the shuttle thread, the spools or
bobbins for the thread being fixed in the shuttles by similar means to
those employed in sewing machines, the shuttles being formed and acting in
a similar manner to those employed in sewing machines. The shuttles ; are
formed with a groove on the side corresponding with the curved plates of
metal or combs . The plates or combs j¹ have a small portion cut away at
or about the centre in which the needles a' work, so that the shuttles may not
strike the needles when passing through the loops. The combs j¹³ are cast in
leads and the shuttles work in them in a similar manner to the carriages
is the shaft or bar for
working in bolts in a circular twist lace
.
giving motion to the shuttles j; jare strips of metal cast in leads and screwed
on the bar. There are two of such strips to such shuttle, one at the

page_text: front and the other at the back, and they work between the combs j
which carry the shuttles so as to insure their acting upon the shuttles when
required.
Figures 4 and 5 shew similar shuttles j arranged to move to and fro upon
combs of different form to those shown at Figure 3.
Figure 6 shows so much of a machine constructed in accordance with this
part of the Invention as will enable me to describe the modification in the
arrangement of the parts when one shuttle is employed in place of a series of
shuttles as previously described, the corresponding parts and instruments to
those previously described and shewn in Sheet 1 of the Drawings being
marked with similar letters of reference.
kare sinkers or instruments, one of which is employed to each needle;
these sinkers act in a similar manner to those employed in ordinary knitting
machinery, and are acted upon by a "slur cock" so as to bring them into
operation successively upon the weft thread as is well understood in such
machinery, the bar & acting to withdraw the sinkers to the position shown in
the Drawing when they are out of action.
And in order that the operation of the several instruments may be clearly
understood. I will now proceed to describe the manner in which they are
arranged to act in order to produce a course of work.
The method of forming the noose by means of the needles a' and pickers c¹
is the same as that described in reference to Figures 1 and 2 of the Drawings
previously described up to the point where the noose is drawn up to the
points d; at this time the books or pickers e again move into the
loops held by the needles a¹, as shown by the dotted lines, so as to take
hold of the threads, the hooks or pickers c¹ are then moved back into the
position shown in the Drawing, the needles a' at the same time rising a
suitable distance, so that the threads held by the needles and pickers form a
triangular space or shed through the whole or a series of which a weft thread
is thrown by means of an ordinary shuttle or series of shuttles as is well
understood. The warp threads are then released from the hooks or pickers c¹
and tightened by the means previously described, the needles a¹ rising until
their eyes are above the bottom of the sinkers or instruments k. The
sinkers are then acted upon successively by means of the "slur cock" as
above described, so as to sink or press the weft thread a suitable distance
between the needles a. The needles a¹ then rise above the points d' which
are then withdrawn, the sinkers & then returning to the position shewn in the
Drawing when the course is complete, the warp threads being tightened during
these movements as previously described. When making the change for

page_text: sewing purposes a plate of metal is placed across the machine with holes
pierced for the needles to pass through, its position being just above the shuttle,
the point bar acting as the driver for taking the work along and for regulating
the length of stitch. The fabric to be stitched is placed on the top of the
For
plate of metal in the same manner as in an ordinary sewing machine.
taking the work away a bar is employed cut on the under side similar to the
foot or feeder of a sewing machine, and having the fabric to be stitched
between it and the plate, so that by the in-and-out motion of the bar the
length of stitch is regulated, an up-and-down motion being given to the bar
similar to the foot or feeder of a sewing machine. To move the work along
the work beam is not required when using this arrangement of machine for
sewing purposes, the work passing under the bar instead of over it which is
the case when making a net fabric. These improvements are not confined to
machinery such as above described having a row or tier of needles, as the
same principle is applicable for working with a single needle sewing machine.
When making the chain stitch the shuttle is dispensed with, and in making the
shuttle stitch the hook or picker bar is dispensed with, but when making a fast
knotted stitch the hook or picker bar is used in conjunction with a shuttle.
By a slight modification of the machine it can be employed for sewing
purposes, having the advantage of sewing with a whole row of needles or a
part of them at the same time, for such purposes as quilting where the stitches
run in parallel lines. In its application to this part of our improvements the
machinery is constructed on a much smaller scale than that of the lace
machinery previously described, machines made according to this part of our
Invention being made so as to be light and portable.
Figure 7 shows so much of a machine constructed in accordance with this
part of the Invention as will enable a competent mechanic acquainted with
this class of machinery, aided by the description herein given, to carry the
same into practice, the parts corresponding with those previously described
having similar letters of reference marked thereon.
The fabric to be stitched is placed upon the plate or table 1, and is moved
thereon by a step-by-step movement imparted to the feeding instruments m¹
on the feed bar m in a similar manner to that of an ordinary sewing machine.
Each loop and noose of the upper threads is formed by means of the
5 needles a', points d', and hooks or pickers c', in like manner to that described
in relation to the previous parts of this Invention, the points d' being with-
drawn from the noose before the shuttle thread (carried by the shuttle j)
is passed between the needle and looped thread, so that the noose may be
tightened up to the back of the work.

page_text: It will be evident from the previous description that the same arrangement
of parts will be applicable for working with one needle in place of a series,
the object of this part of our Invention being to form a knot with the two
threads to each stitch in the operation of sewing.
The third part of the Invention relates to the production of looped and
fast knotted fabrics by the application of a shuttle or shuttles to the warp
machine, in combination with hooks, points, and guides, the hooks, points,
and guides when working in combination form the loops, the shuttle or
shuttles are passed through the loops and thus form a fast knotted fabric.
The needles now in use in the warp machine are by preference dispensed
with and are replaced by points, the sinkers being retained, and if preferred,
are arranged to work independently.
From the previous description it will be evident that this part of the
Invention is applicable to the stocking frame or knitting machinery, owing to
its similarity to the warp machine.
Figure 8 shows so much of the transverse section of the operating parts
of a warp machine arranged in accordance with this part of the Invention
as will enable me to describe the means it is preferred to employ in carrying
the same into practice.
n is a guide bar carrying a series of guides n¹ one to each point of the point
bars o and p, the ends of the guides n' being by preference of a tubular form
for the warp threads to pass through; o¹ and p are the points over which
the warp threads are lapped by the movements of the guide bar n; 9, 9, are
the work bars between which the work passes away to the work beam; r, s,
is the warp beam, the threads from which pass around the roller s', to which
suitable movement is communicated so as to give off or take up the length of
thread required by the movements of the machine, in a similar manner to
that described in relation to the first part of this Invention; t' are a series
of hooks or pickers carried by the bar t, there being one of such hooks or
pickers to every guide employed; u are the sinkers or pressers which are
operated upon successively by means of a "slur cock," in a similar manner
to that previously described in reference to Figure 6 of the Drawings, the
whole of the sinkers being first raised into a suitable position for the slur
cock to operate upon them by means of the spacing bar u¹; u is a series
of spacing instruments carried by the bar 3 acting as guides for the sinkers u a
to move between.
I will now proceed to describe the working of a course for the production
of a fast knotted fabric by means of the arrangement of parts and instruments
Inst duseritied

page_text: When the parts are in the position shown at Figure 8, the guide bar n
and guides n shog one space under the bottom set of points to the left
hand; the guides then rise between the points p¹ and o¹, and then shog to
the right hand over the upper set of points o¹; the guides n' then descend
between the points o¹ and p', passing down on the right hand of the points;
the warp threads will now be one and a half turn round the two sets of points
o' and pl, the guide bar n in making its downward movement moves towards
the back of the points p¹, so that the hooks t¹ carried by the hook bar t
may easily select (when moved forward into the position shown in dotted
lines at Figure 9), that portion of the warp threads between the upper set
of points o¹ and the guides n'; the hooks t¹ carried by the hook, bart are
now caused to enter into the loops around the points o¹ and p¹, and then by
means of an endway movement of the book bar take hold of the threads
extending to the eyes of the guides; the hook bar t is then moved out, each
of the hooks t¹ drawing a loop through the circle of thread on the points
o¹ and p¹, as shown at Figure 9, so as to form a triangular space or shed in
each warp thread, through the whole or a series of which a weft thread is
thrown by means of an ordinary shuttle or series of shuttles, as is well under-
stood; the books of the hook bar t then move again into the circle of
thread around the points o¹ and p', and by an endway movement of the bar t
disengage themselves from the warp threads and retire, the slack of the warp
threads being taken up as previously described; the sinking or pressing
instruments are then moved up between the points p³, and are acted upon
successively by means of the slur cock, so as to press the threads a suitable
distance between the points o¹, as shewn at Figure 10; the bottom point
bar then rises towards the upper point bar, and the points of the two point
bars o and p are then withdrawn from the work, the tightening of the warp
threads taking place at the same time. The sinkers u and points o¹ and p¹
now return to the position shown at Figure 8 and the course is completed.
I would here remark that more than one set of guides working together
may be employed as is well understood in warp machinery so as to vary the
character of the work.
Having now described the nature of the Invention, and the manner in
which the same may be carried into practice, it should be clearly understood
that the form and arrangement of the parts and instruments employed may
be greatly varied without departing from the true character of these improve-
ments in machinery for the manufacture of looped and fast knotted fabrics,
for example, the work in place of being wound on to a work beam or roller
may be taken up and delivered from the machine by means of rotating or

page_text: reciprocating points arranged to enter into the rows of holes in succession as
they are made.
What is claimed under the above in part recited Letters Patent is,
First, the improved arrangement of lace machinery for the manufacture of
looped and fast knotted fabrics, as described in reference to Figures 1 and 2
(Sheet 1 of the Drawings bereunto annexed).
Secondly, the improved arrangement of machinery for the manufacture of
looped and fast knotted fabrics, as described in reference to Figure 3 (Sheet 2
of the Drawings hereunto annexed).
Thirdly, the improved arrangement of machinery for the manufacture of
looped and fast knotted fabrics, as described in reference to Figure 6
(Sheet 2 of the Drawings hereunto annexed), wherein a shuttle thread is
thrown through a shed of loops formed by the needles a', pickers or hooks c¹,
and points d', the loops being afterwards drawn up to form a series of knots
with the shuttle thread, as previously described.
Fourthly, the improved arrangement of machinery for sewing or stitching,
as described in reference to Figure 7 (Sheet 2 of the Drawings), whereby
a fast knot is formed with each stitch or series of stitches produced by the
operation of the parts and instruments employed, as previously described.
Lastly, the improved arrangement of warp machinery herein described
in reference to Figures 8, 9, and 10 (Sheet 3 of the Drawings), for the
manufacture of looped and fast knotted fabrics produced by throwing a
shuttle thread through a shed formed by a series of loops whilst held by the
instruments t¹, ol, and p¹, as previously described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Garrett Tongue, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
JOHN GARRETT TONGUE. (L.S.)