Improvements in Waterclosets and Urinals.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Mar., 1894
Complete Specification Lelt, 22nd Dec., 1894-Accepted, 26th Jan.. 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Waterclosets and Urinals.
I, JOHN SHANKS, of Tubal Works, Barrhead, in the County of Renfrew, North
Britain, Sanitary Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows, that is to say:-
My said invention relates to waterclosets and urinals of the kind in which the
basin is discharged by siphonage through a trap bend; and has for its object to
improve the construction and operation of such apparatus.
Owing to the shortness of the short or ascending leg of the siphon trap bend in
ordinary waterclosets of the kind, most of the water is apt to be drawn out of the
basin by the siphoning action; and this has made it necessary to provide a second
trap bend at a lower part of the waste pipe in order to insure complete trapping.
By my invention I construct the basin and trap bend (in one or more pieces) with
the discharge passage dipping or extending downwards from the bottom of the
basin in a vertical or somewhat inclined direction to a certain distance, and
communicating at its bottom with the ascending leg of the siphon trap bend.
The
ascending leg is thus made longer, as it must of course extend up above the level
at which the water is to stand in the basin. With this improved construction
the trap bend is not, in ordinary circumstances, emptied; so far as to leave no
trap whilst waste of water is diminished, and a second trap bend is rendered
unnecessary.
For starting the discharging siphonage I cause a jet of the flushing water to be
directed into the dipping part of the discharge passage, such jet being the more
certainly effective the more accurately it is directed into the centre of the discharge
passage. The said jet may be directed inside of the basin from a nozzle at the
part where the flushing water enters the basin, the remainder of the water being
directed by a fan or otherwise round the sides of the basin; or the jet may be
conveyed by a separate pipe into the top of the dipping part of the discharge
passage, such part communicating with the basin laterally.
Dated this Twenty-third day of March 1894.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Waterclosets and Urinals.
1, JOHN SHANKS, of Tubal Works, Barrhead, in the County of Renfrew, North
Britain, Sanitary Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say :-
My said invention relates to waterclosets and urinals of the kind in which the
basin is discharged by siphonage through a trap bend; and has for its object to
improve the construction and operation of such apparatus.

page_text: Owing to the shortness of the short or ascending leg of the siphon trap-bend
in ordinary waterclosets of the kind, most of the water is apt to be drawn out of
the basin by the siphoning action; and this has made it necessary to provide a
second trap bend at a lower part of the waste pipe in order to insure complete
trapping.
By my invention I construct the basin and trap bend (in one or more pieces)
with the discharge passage dipping or extending downwards from the bottom of
the basin in a vertical or somewhat inclined direction to a certain distance, and
communicating at its bottom with the ascending leg of the siphon trap bend.
For starting the discharging siphonage I cause a jet of water to be directed into
the dipping part of the discharge passage.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing the same
may be properly understood I hereunto append a sheet of explanatory drawings to
be hereinafter referred to and showing two modifications of my improvements as
applied to waterclosets.
Figure, 1, is a horizontal section of a part of a watercloset basin, and Figure, 2,
a vertical section showing one modification of my improvements. Figure, 3, is a
vertical section showing a second modification.
In these drawings the same reference letters are used to mark the same or
like parts wherever they are repeated.
As shown in Figures, 1, and, 2, of the drawings I construct the basin, A, and
trap bend, B, with the discharge passage, C, dipping or extending downwards from
the bottom of the basin in a vertical (or it might be somewhat inclined) direction
to a certain distance, and communicating at its bottom with the ascending leg, D,
of the siphon trap bend, B. The ascending leg, D, is thus made longer, than in
ordinary constructions, as it must, of course, extend up above the level at which
the water is to stand in the basin, A. With the discharge siphon, or trap-bend,
which may be conveniently designated as a three-leg siphon of this improved
construction the siphon is not, in ordinary circumstances, emptied so far as to leave
no trap, whilst waste of water is diminished, and a second trap bend is rendered
unnecessary.
For starting the discharge siphonage I cause a jet of the flushing water to be
directed into the dipping part of the discharge passage, C, such jet being the more
certainly effective the more accurately it is directed into the centre of the discharge
passage. As shown in Figures, 1, and, 2, of the drawings, the said jet is directed
inside of the basin, A, from a nozzle, E, at the part where the flushing water
enters the basin, the remainder of the water passing by curved transverse nozzles, F,
into the hollow rim, G, which directs the water round the sides of the basin, water
for washing the back of the basin passing through small perforations, H, in the
lower edge of the transverse nozzles, F.
In the modification shown in Figure, 3, of the drawings, the discharge passage, C,
is formed behind the basin, A, and communicates laterally with the bottom of the
basin through an opening, J; and in this modification the jet for starting the
siphonage is delivered by a separate nozzle, K, directly down into the discharge
passage, C.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is ---
1. Constructing, arranging, and combining the discharge and flushing parts of
waterclosets and urinals substantially in the improved manner hereinbefore
described with reference to Figures, 1, and, 2, of the accompanying drawings.
2. Constructing, arranging, and combining the discharge and flushing parts of
waterclosets and urinals substantially in the improved manner hereinbefore
described with reference to Figure, 3, of the accompanying drawings.
3. Forming the discharge passage of a watercloset or urinal in the form of a three-
legged siphon substantially as and for the purposes herein before described.

page_text: 4. In a watercloset or urinal having a siphonal or trap-bend discharge passage,
arranging a nozzle to project a jet of flushing water directly down into the
discharge passage substantially as and for the purposes herein before described.
Dated this Twenty-first day of December 1894.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.