Improvements relating to the Manufacture of Tubes.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to the Manufacture of Tubes.
I, HARRY PERRINS, of 22, Grange Road, Smethwick, in the County of Stafford,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
-
This invention consists of improvements relating to the manufacture of tubes,
my object being to readily and economically produce iron tubes direct from the
puddled bar, to make steel tubes of greater strength and at less cost than by the
present methods of manufacture, and to facilitate the rolling or reduction of
both iron and steel tubes upon fixed or stationary mandrels.
In the manufacture of iron tubes direct from the puddled bar in accordance
with my present invention, I form the puddled bar, immediately on its leaving
the rolls, into a coil, preferably of rather more or rather less than two complete
turns or twists, the coiling being effected in suitable rolls or in any other con-
venient manner. I then re-heat the coil and place it on a mandrel and pass it
through a train of reducing rolls and by thus welding it circumferentially I obtain
at small cost a much stronger tube than by the ordinary process of manufacture
comprising the welding together of the longitudinal edges of a wrought iron
strip.
In the rolling of the puddled bars for the manufacture of my tubes, I sometimes
form a shoulder along the longitudinal central line of each bar by making one half
of the bar in a different plane to that of the other half, and I make such shoulder to
serve as an abutment for the edges of the bar when it is coiled preparatory to
welding.
I sometimes form the puddled bar into a coil of but one turn, causing the
longitudinal edges, which I preferably reduce or make thinner than the body of
the bar, to overlap each other a sufficient distance to obtain an effective cir-
cumferential weld.
To facilitate the rolling or reduction of both iron and steel tubes when in
a hot state in the course of manufacture, I cut or form a groove or grooves upon
the bulb head or working portion of the mandrel upon which the tubes are
placed, and in such groove or grooves I insert a strip or strips of some anti-friction
metal or material, which will be readily melted by the heat and thus caused to run
between the inner surface of the tube and the working surface of the mandrel
to serve as a lubricant. I sometimes introduce the anti-friction metal, graphite,
or other lubricating material through the centre of a hollow mandrel, providing
cross channels or passages to permit the lubricant to flow between the meeting
surfaces of the tube and mandrel. The lubricating material can be employed
'in the form of a powder, as a paste, or as a liquid, and be forced through the
mandrel in any suitable manner.
Total thin 10th dose of 1900
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements relating to the Manufacture of Tubes.
I, HARRY PERRINS, of 22, Grange Road, Smethwick, in the County of Stafford,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:--
This invention consists of improvements relating to the manufacture of tubes,
my object being to readily and economically produce iron tubes direct from the
puddled bar, to make steel tubes of greater strength and at less cost than by the
present methods of manufacture, and to facilitate the rolling or reduction of
both iron and steel tubes upon fixed or stationary mandrels."
In the accompanying sheet of explanatory drawings to be hereinafter referred
to:―
Figure 1 is an end elevation and Figure 2 a side elevation representing a
puddled iron bar rolled into a coil, the adjacent circumferential surfaces of which
are subsequently welded to form a homogeneous tube.
Figure 3 is an end view of another form of puddled iron bar which I employ
for tube manufacture; Figure 4 represents the same bar coiled, in opposite
directions, into a tubular form.
Figure 5 is an end view of a puddled bar to be made into the tubular form
as shown at Figure 6.
In the manufacture of iron tubes direct from the puddled bar in accordance
with my present invention, I form the puddled bar A, immediately on its leaving
the rolls, into a coil, preferably of rather more or rather less then two complete
turns, the coiling being effected in suitable rolls or in any other convenient
manner; Figure 1 shows rather more than two complete turns. I then re-heat
the coil and place it on a mandrel and pass it through a train of reducing rolls
and by thus welding it circumferentially I obtain at small cost a much stronger
tube than by the ordinary process of manufacture comprising the welding together
of the longitudinal edges of a wrought iron strip, after bending such strip into
tubular form. The wrought iron strips necessary for the said ordinary process
of manufacture are much more costly in production than the puddled bars from
which I manufacture my tubes.
In the rolling of the puddled bars for the manufacture of my tubes, I some-
times form shoulders along the longitudinal central line of each bar by making
one half of the bar in a different plane to that of the other half, and I make such
shoulders to serve as abutments for the edges of the bar when it is coiled pre-
paratory to welding. Such a bar, A, is shown at Figures 3 and 4, Figure 3 showing
the bar before coiling and Figure 4 the same bar after coiling. One part of the
bar is coiled in the direction shown by the arrow 1 whilst the other part is coiled
in the opposite direction as shown by the arrow 2. The adjacent circumferential
edges of the coil are subsequently welded together and the bar is thus converted
into a homogeneous tube.
I sometimes form a puddled bar such as shown at Figure 5 into a coil of but
one turn, as shown at Figure 6, causing the longitudinal edges, which I preferably
reduce or make thinner than the body of the bar, to over-lap each other a suffi-
cient distance to obtain an effective circumferential weld. To effect the coiling
simultaneously with the rolling by which the puddled bar is formed I place in
a tandem arrangement in front of the ordinary rolls a suitable skelping die and
another pair of positively driven rolls. Thus as the puddled bar emerges from
the ordinary rolls it is forced or drawn through the skelping die by which it is

page_text: skelped or bent into a tubular shape, and finally through the supplementary
rolls by which it is caused to assume the completely tubular and overlapping
form shown at Figure 6.
To assist in the coiling of thick puddled bars I sometimes roll or otherwise form
grooves throughout each bar on its under or inner side to relieve the compression
imposed upon the metal on such side during coiling.
Aly invention is applicable to the production of tubes of steel and other weldable
metal in a similar manner to its application as hereinbefore described in the
production of iron tubes from puddled bars.
To facilitate the rolling or reduction of both iron and steel tubes when in
a hot state in the course or manufacture, I cut or form a groove or grooves upon
the bulb head or working portion of the mandrel upon which the tubes are placed,
and in such groove or grooves 1 insert a strip or strips of some antifriction metal
or material which will be readily melted by the heat and thus caused to run
between the inner surface of the tube and the working surface of the mandrel
to serve as a lubricant. I sometimes introduce the antifriction metal, graphite,
or other lubricating material through the centre of a hollow mandrel, providing
cross channels or passages to permit the lubricant to flow between the meeting
surfaces of the tube and mandrel. The lubricating material can be employed in
the form of a powder, as a paste, or as a liquid, and be forced through the mandre!
in any suitable manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is: -
1. The manufacture of tubes direct from puddled iron bars, or from steel
or other bars without forming the same into strips or subjecting them to pre-
paratory processes as with the manufacture of ordinary welded tubes, substantially
as described and as illustrated.
2. The manufacture of tubes from bars such as A' so coiled that their longi-
tudinal edges abut against shoulders formed along the bars, substantially as
described and as illustrated.
3. The improved method of lubricating the bulb heads or working portions
of mandrels employed in the manufacture of metallic tubes, substantially as
described.
Dated this 15th day of February 1839.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, and
25, Cross Street, Manchester,
Agents for the Applicant.