Improvements in Apparatus for Purifying Water and other Liquids.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Purifying Water and other Liquids.
I, HENRI DESRUMAUX, of 17, Rue du Louvre, Paris, in the Republic of France,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The improvements forming the object of the present application relate to
apparatus for purifying water and other liquids of the kind described in the
Specification of my Patent No. 7006 of 1889, and are for the purpose of providing
improved means for the regulation of the entrance of the water or liquid to be
purified into the apparatus; to secure the automatic stopping of the apparatus
when working with variable delivery; and for facilitating the movement of the
mixer arranged in the saturator, and the cleaning of the filter. Moreover these
improvements have the purpose to combine with the apparatus described in the
aforesaid Patent No. 7006 of 1889 new means for regulating the distribution of
the reagents and for preventing the mud being carried into the treating chamber.
The improvements consist in combining with my former apparatus of Patent
No. 7006 of 1889: Firstly an automatical stop valve for the distributing regulator
regulating the water entrance and serving to produce the automatic stopping of
the purifier when required. Secondly an arrangement for automatically stopping
the purifier with variable delivery consisting of an automatical float regulating
the entrance of the water into the regulator in accordance with the outflow of
purified liquid. Thirdly the arrangement of a saturator in which the tubular
shaft of the mixer is suspended by a ball bearing in order to facilitate the move-
ment of the mixer and to allow the central tube to descend to the lowest part of
the apparatus. Fourthly a filter formed of independent compartments situated
against the envelope or against the central cylinder mentioned in my former
patent, these compartments being combined so that they can be isolated for
cleansing purposes without it being necessary to stop the apparatus. Fifth the
arrangement of a regulating float for regulating the distribution of the reagents
in which the liquid is received through an orifice in a position always equivalent
to the water line in order that the liquid flows at a constant quantity into the
float regulator. The float is provided with a flexible tube guiding the liquid
outside as it comes out of the outlet nozzle of the swimming regulator. Sixthly
a saturator the surfaces of which arranged in helices as in my prior patent are
terminated by a single partition arranged on the lower extremity of each helix
so as to form a guide communicating directly with the bottom of the saturator
where the sediment is collected; this guide protects the sediment passing along
the helical surfaces, so that the same is not met by the entering water. Seventh
a new construction of the mixing surfaces in which flat elements are successively
arranged so as to form a train of plane surfaces in form approaching the helicoidal.
The annexed drawings show these improvements.
Figs. 1 and 2 are two diagrammatic views, showing the valve of the distributing
regulator with the float of the regulator and the float with automatic stopping
spoken of hereabove, Fig. 3 is a separate view in section of the valve of the dis-
tributing regulator without its operating levers. Figs. 4 and 5 show in sectional
077

page_text: elevation and in plan the float. Fig. 6 shows the arrangement of the distributor
when fed by means of a pump, a pulsometer or any other elevator. Fig. is
a separate view in vertical section of the improved saturator, Figs. 8 and 9 show
separately in section and partly in plan view the improved arrangement of the
filter. Figs. 10 and 11 show in section two variations of the filter Fig. 12 shows
in section the float regulator effecting the distribution of the reagents. Figs. 13
and 14 show also in section two other forms of the same. Figs. 15, 16 and 17
represent two dispositions of the saturating surfaces. Figs. 16 and 17 show
moreover the construction of the saturating surfaces by means of plane elements.
For the sake of clearness I will describe separately each separate improvement.
1. Automatical valve of the distributing regulator (Figs. 1 to 33). This valve
is placed inside the receiver A (see Figs. I and 2) constituting the water regulator
and is fixed on the extremity of the water or liquid feed pipe B coming from a
reservoir or main supply.
A valve casing C is provided with two arms D 11 serving to support two
oscillating levers F F which effect the opening and closing of the valve.
The valve has two sets one of which (see Fig. 3) is fast and formed by a
circular seating G upon which a leather or india rubber ring G₁ is compressed
when the valve is closed; the second seat is movable and formed by the upper
border E of a sleeve E¹ sliding softly in the outlet pipe of the valve chamber
against this seat E the conical and metallic part 2 of the valve head bears. This
valve head in which an elastic ring G₁ is arranged is mounted upon a rod H
passing outside the valve chamber and connected to one of the extremities of the
upper oscillating lever F. A tight joint round this rod H. is simultaneously
effected by a piston H and a leather washer H2 fastened thereupon and which
displaces itself in the dome like formed part of the valve chamber C.
The sleeve El is also united by a tail I projecting outside the valve box to the
inferior part and connected with the oscillating lever F1 (Figs. 1 and 2).
The upper lever F is joined by means of a pendant rod J with a float K arranged
on the surface of the water in the treatment chamber L whilst the lower lever F
is joined directly with the float M arranged in the water receiver A
As long as the quantity of cleaned water coming out of the treatment chamber L
is equal to the quantity of water distributed in the apparatus by the regulator,
the water level in the chamber L is constant and the float K does not move this
causes a determined position of the valve head. The regulation of supply is then
assured by the float M rising and falling with the water level in the regulator A
and consequently forces the sleeve E' to rise or fall in the valve casing diminish-
ing or enlarging the water passage between the conical seats E and E2.
If the outflow of the cleaned water is suddenly stopped, the supply continuing,
the water level in the chamber L goes up, the float K rises and forces the valve
head to go down in its casing, the outlet section of the valve then progressively
diminishes until the seats E and E meet. From this moment, the water of the
regulator continues to descend taking with it the sleeve E' in its movement till
the elastic ring G₁ bears upon the stable seat G. The rod has only a slight
resistance to overcome to push the sleeve E¹ down as from the moment when the
two seats E and 2 touch, the water level rapidly goes down in the regulator A
and the sleeve E is immediately given a descending movement by the float M..
The float M of the regulator also commands by means of chain. and guide
pulleys the opening and closing of the tank containing the purifying reagents N.
When the water level in the regulator sinks below a certain height the closing
plug falls upon the outlet of this tank and the outflow is stopped. When the level
in the chamber L is again normal the float. K sinks and the valve head rises to its
normal position. The flow of water in the regulator recommences, the float M
rises and the supply of the reagents also starts again.
The outlet pipe supplying the reagents is always either completely open or
completely closed its section is determined so that these reagents are mixed
in a proportion determined by the amount of water escaping from the regulator,

page_text: 2. Arrangement for automatically stopping purifying apparatus with variable
delivery.
This arrangement illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 and in detail in Figs. 4 and 5
comprises the flcat K joined by a rod J with the lever F of the regulator valve
arranged in a housing instead of reposing directly in the water of the treatment
chamber. The housing 0 is fastened by a strap on the upper surface of the
treatment chamber and the water can only fill it when it rises in the chamber
above the level corresponding with the normal consumption of purified water. It
results therefore that when less purified water is drawn off from the apparatus,
the level in the treatment chamber rises without influencing the float K and
consequently without effecting any variation in the feed of the regulator. When
the level reaches the upper edge of the casing Q, the latter is suddenly filled on
account of its small capacity and the float K rises rapidly and closes the supply
valve. Simultaneously the water feed and supply of reagents is stopped. The
feed being stopped, the level in the treatment chamber progressively goes down
but remains the same in the casing 0: the float K remains in its high position
and the water and reagent's feeds remain closed. But when the level of the
water goes down below the normal level it has in the treatment chamber, a small
float Karranged outside the casing 0, opens the lower valve P of this casing
which empties quickly and the float K sinks to its normal or rest position where-
upon the water feed and the reagents begin to flow again.
When the distributing regulator is fed by means of a pump or the like instead
of the method described above I make use of the arrangement shown in Fig. 6.
The distributing regulator A is in this case divided into two compartments A¹
and A. These two compartments are in communication by means of a passage
which can be closed by a valve Q suspended by a chain from the float K mentioned
herein before. The float M serves as before to open in its ascending movement
the valve of the reagents' receiver. The compartment A2 is provided with a
sluice valve R regulating the water distribution in the treatment chamber and
with a sluice valve R giving passage to the water which flows as before into
the saturator.
The water is guided into the distributing regulator by the pipe S, and goes
from the compartment. A into the compartment A from whence it flows into the
sluice valves R and R. The capacity of these sluice valves is regulated so that
the smallest consumption of water contained in the distributor, which must.
correspond to the normal consumation of the apparatus, is such that the water
level reaches the borders of a tank communicating with the overflow pipe T.
When the water rises higher than the normal consumption of the purifier, the
float in rising forces the valve Q to interrupt all communications between the
compartments A and A2 and the water entering into the compartment A¹ must
escape through the overflow pipe T.
3. Improved saturator. In the apparatus described in my aforesaid patent the
vertical hollow rotary shaft conducting the water to be saturated to the lower
part of the saturator rests in the lower part of this apparatus upon a bearing.
I now however suspend it by its upper part by means of a ball bearing a
Fig. carried by an arm fastened in a suitable manner on the wall of the
saturator. The lower end of the tube a is absolutely free and can sink to the
lowest point of the saturator.
4. Filter with independent compartments (Figs. 8 and 9). I replace the simple
filter described in my former apparatus by a filter with independent compartments
which can be isolated during working and allow an easy cleansing of the filter.
These compartments bare separated by partitions e arranged radially in the
annular formed filter.
The mixture of the water to be treated and the saturated water goes down to the
purifier through the central pipe d then rises again clearing away the solid parts
in suspension upon the helicoidal blades of the mixer. The treated water continues
to rise, goes into the free annular space passes through the sluice valves f and

page_text: flows through the vertical pipes g g into the different compartments of the filter.
This water enters first into the lower part of the filter, as shown in the drawing.
passes through the filtering materials and escapes to the upper part through a
circular grid b. In the upper part of filter the outlet pipe i for the purified water
is arranged. It is understood that for the purpose of cleaning any compartment
of the hiter it is sufficient to close the corresponding sluice valve f.
Figs. 10 and 11 show different arrangements of this filter. The position of the
annular space h and the compartments of the filter being different. The arrange-
ment of the whole of these figures can be readily understood without further
description.
5. Float regulator. With reference to Fig. 12 it will be seen that upon the
liquid contained in reservoir is the float which is in communication with the
outlet orifice m by means of a flexible pipe . The float is perforated at one or
several points of its circumference by one or more holes o through which the
liquid of the reservoir can readily enter. As it is necessary to determine the
sections of the holes and of the outlet m in order that the liquid enters in a
convenient manner into the float one understands that this entrance is always
effected under a constant pressure proportional to the height of the water ?
measured from the centre of the hole o to the level of the liquid in the reservoir
which water height is absolutely invariable as the weight of the float remains
constant. Figs. 13 or 14 show other forms of the above which are evident in
themselves.
According to the nature of the reagents to be distributed the float regulator
should preferably be of guttapercha but any other suitable substance can be used.
The outlet orifice m can be closed by a cap 7 (Fig. 13) arranged on the little
arm of an angle turning upon the pivot 2 The large arm 1 carrying a
weight is operated by means of a rod in connection with the stopping device of the
purifying apparatus.
6. Saturator. The arrangement of a single partition on the lower end of each
helix catches all deposits sliding upon them which are conducted by a small
collector to the mud reservoir.
In order to prevent the deposits being caught by the liquid meeting them, I use
as shown in Fig. 15 or the annexed drawing, partitions s closing the helices.
These partitions may be vertical or inclined and the deposits pass to the collectors t
which conduct them directly to the mud reservoir .
7. Helicoidal surfaces constructed of flat elements. Figs. 16 and 17 show a
new construction of helicoidal surfaces giving the advantages of a great facility
of working.
Every surface is formed by separate elements with flat surfaces vw joined
together or not, the said elements follow one another in order to together repre-
sent a general surface which approaches more or less the helicoidal.
Dated this 26th day of October 1898.
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to Applicant.
I, HENRI DESRUMAUX, of 17, Rue du Louvre, Paris, in the Republic of France,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
-
The improvements constituting the present application relate to apparatus for

page_text: purifying water and other liquids, of the kind described in the Specification of
my Patent No. 7006 of 1889 and are for the purpose of providing improved means
for the regulation of the entrance of the water or liquid to be purified into the
apparatus to secure the automatic stopping of the apparatus when working with
variable delivery; and for facilitating the movement of the mixer arranged in
the saturator, and the cleansing of the filter. Further these improvements are
for the purpose of combining with the apparatus described in the aforesaid Patent
No. 7006 of 1889 new means for regulating the distribution of the reagents
and for preventing mud or the like being carried into the decantor or treating
chamber by the rushing water.
The improvements consist in combining with the apparatus of my Patent
No. 7006 of 1889; firstly an automatic stop valve for the distributing regulator
for regulating the water entrance and serving to produce the automatic stopping
of the action of the apparatus when required. Secondly an arrangement for
automatically stopping the action of the purifying apparatus when working
with variable delivery consisting of a float regulating the entrance of the water
into the regulator in accordance with the outflow of purified liquids; thirdly
the arrangement of a saturator in which the tubular shaft of the mixer is
suspended by a ball bearing in order to facilitate the movement of the mixer and
to allow the central pipe to descend to the lowest part of the saturator. Fourthly,
a filter formed with independent compartments and situated against the jacket or
against the central cylinder mentioned in my former patent, these compartments
being in such combination that any of them can be put out of action for cleansing
purposes without it being necessary to stop the action of the apparatus: Fifthly,
the arrangement of a regulating float for regulating the distribution of the
reagents in which the liquid is received through an orifice in the float maintained
at a level equivalent to the water line in order that the liquid flows into the
regulating float in a constant and equal manner. The float is provided with a
flexible outlet tube carrying off the liquid as it comes into the regulating float;
Sixthly, the arrangement of the depositor or decantor, the decanting surfaces of
which are arranged in helices, as in my prior patent aforesaid, each separate
helix being terminated by a single partition arranged on the lower extremity
of the same so as to form a circumferential guide communicating directly with
the bottom of the decantor or depositor where the sediment is collected. This
circumferential guide prevents the sediment passing along the helicoidal surfaces
from being met by the entering water; Seventhly a new construction of the
decanting surfaces in which flat elements are successively arranged so as to form
a train of plane surfaces in form approaching the helicoidal.
The drawings filed with my Provisional Specification show these improve-
ments Figs. 1 and 2 are diagrammatic views showing the valve of the dis-
tributing regulator with the automatic float of the regulator and the float with
arrangement for automatically stopping the action herein before mentioned. Fig. 3
is a detail view in section of the valve of the distributing regulator without its
operating levers. Figs. 4 and 5 show the float in sectional elevation and in plan.
Fig. 6 shows the arrangement of the distributor when fed by means of a pump,
pulsometer, or any other elevator. Fig. 7 is a separate view in vertical section
of the improved saturator. Figs. 8 and 9 show separately in section and partly
in plan view the improved arrangement of the filter. Figs. 10 and 11 show
in section two variations of the filter. Fig. 12, shows in section the principal
features of the float regulator effecting the distribution of the reagents. Figs. 13
and 14 show also in section two other forms of the same. Figs. 15, 16, and 17
represent two arrangements of the decantor surfaces. Figs. 16 and 17 show
moreover the construction of the decantor surfaces by means of plane elements.
For the sake of clearness I will describe separately each separate improvement.
1. Automatic valve of the water distributing regulator Figs. 1 to 3. This
valve is placed inside the receiver A (see Figs. 1 and 2) constituting the water

page_text: regulator and is fixed on the extremity of the water or liquid feed pipe B coming
from a reservoir or main supply.
The valve comprises essentially a valve casing C of several parts joined together
by means of bolts and provided with two arms D D serving to support two
oscillating levers F" which effect the opening and closing of the valve.
The valve has two seats one of which (see Fig. 3) is fast and formed by a
circular seating G upon which a leather or indiarubber ring G is compressed when
the valve is closed; the second seat is movable and formed by the upper edge E
of a sleeve E, sliding smoothly in the outlet pipe of the valve chamber. Against
this seat E the conical metallic part 2 of the valve head bears occasionally. This
valve head, in which the elastic ring G¹ is arranged, is mounted upon a rod H
passing outside the valve chamber and connected to one of the extremities of the
upper oscillating lever F. A water tight joint round this rod H and its guide is
effected by a piston H' and a leather washer H2 fastened thereon, having move-
ment in the dome like part C of the valve chamber C.
The sleeve E is also united to a tail piece I projecting outside the valve
chamber in a downward direction and connected with the oscillating lever F¹
(Figs. 1 and 2).
The upper lever F is joined, by means of a depending rod with a float K
arranged on the surface of the water in the treatment chamber or decantor L
whilst the lower lever is joined directly to the float M arranged in the water
distributing regulator A.
As long as the quantity of purified water coming out of the treatment chamber L
is equal to the quantity of water distributed in the apparatus by the regulator,
the water level in the chamber L is constant and the float K does not move; this
causes a determined position of the valve head. The regulation of supply is then
assured by the float M rising and falling with the water level in the regulator A
and consequently forcing the sleeve E¹ to rise or fall in the valve chamber, thus
diminishing or enlarging the water passage between the conical seats E and EP.)
If the outflow of the purified water is suddenly stopped and the supply con-
tinued, the water level in the chamber L rises, the float K rises and compels the
valve head to fall in its casing, the outlet section of the valve then progressively
diminishes until the seats E and E² meet. From this moment, the water in
the regulator A continues to descend taking with it the sleeve in its movement
until the elastic ring G¹ bears upon the fixed seat G. The valve rod has only a
slight resistance to overcome to push the sleeve E down, as from the moment
when the two seats E and E meet, the water level rapidly falls in the regulator A
and the sleeve E is immediately given a descending movement by the float M.
The float M of the regulator also controls, by means of chains and guide
pulleys, the opening and closing of the tank N containing the purifying reagents.
When the water level in the regulator sinks below a certain height the closing
plug falls upon the outlet of this tank and the outflow is stopped. When the
level in the decantor L is again normal the float K sinks and the valve head rises
to its normal position: the water recommences to flow in the regulator A, the
float rises again, and the supply of the reagents also starts again.
The outlet pipe supplying the reagents is always either completely open or com-
pletely closed its section is determined so that these reagents are mixed in a
proportion determined by the amount of water issuing from the regulator. It is
understood that the quantity of water issuing in a given time from the regulator
through an outlet always open, depends upon the water level in this regulator.
The level giving the required quantity for obtaining a convenient mixture with
the reagents is that corresponding with the equilibrium position of the valve
head, that is, the stationary position of the float K only obtainable when the
level in the regulator remains constant. The combination of the parts being
established for a determined delivery of purified water, as long as the apparatus
delivers this given quantity the level in the decantor remains constant and the
mixture of water and reagents is effected in constant proportion. If the outflow

page_text: of the purified water is stopped the entrance of the water and of the reagents will
simultaneously cease. When purified water is regularly drawn off, the apparatus
works in good order and the float K may rest directly upon the water of the
decantor. But when the quantity of purified water varies according to require-
ments, the level in the decantor varies and the float K influences the water
admission valve of the regulator, modifying the inlet of the same whilst the
flowing in of the reagents remains constant. The good proportion of water and
reagents is consequently disturbed.
In order to avoid this inconvenience I have arranged the float K so that it
acts as next described, that is to say, as an automatic stopping float.
2. Arrangement for automatically stopping the action of purifying apparatus
working with variable delivery.
This arrangement illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 and in detail in Figs. 4 and 5
comprises the float K connected by a rod J with the level F of the regulator valve
but arranged in a housing or casing O instead of floating directly in the water
of the decantor chamber. The housing or casing ( is fastened by a strap or the
like O on the upper surface of the decantor chamber and the water can only fill
it when it rises in said decantor chamber above the level corresponding with
the normal consumption. of purified water. It therefore results that when less
purified water is drawn off from the apparatus, the level in the decantor chamber
rises at first without influencing the float K and consequently without effecting
any variation in the feed to the regulator. When the level reaches the upper
edge of the casing O, the latter is suddenly filled on account of its small capacity
and the float K rises rapidly and closes the supply valve. Simultaneously the
water feed and supply of reagents is stopped. The feed being stopped the level
in the decantor chamber progressively falls, but remains the same in the casing (),
the float remains in its upper position and the water and reagent feeds remain
closed. But when the level of the water falls below the normal level in the
decantor chamber a small float K arranged outside the casing (opens the lower
valve P of this casing which empties quickly and the float sinks to its normal
or rest position whereupon the water feed and the reagents begin to flow again.
By this arrangement whatever the quantity of purified water utilized, and of
the purifying reagents entering into the apparatus may be, they are always
mixed in the proportion that may be previously determined.
Then the distributing regulator is fed by means of a pump or the like instead
of the method described above I make use of the arrangement shown in Fig. 6.
The distributing regulator chamber A is in this case divided into two com-
partments A and A2. These two compartments are in communication by means
of a passage which can be closed by a valve Q suspended by a chain from the
float K, hereinbefore mentioned. The float M serves as before to, open the
valve of the tank containing the reagent in its ascending movement. The com-
partment A is provided with a sluice valve R regulating the flow of water into
the decantor chamber, and a sluice valve R giving passage to the water which
flows into the saturator.
The water is led into the distributing regulator by the pipe S and passes from
the compartment At into the compartment A whence it flows to the sluice valves R
and R. The capacity of these sluice valves is regulated so that the smallest
consumption of water contained in the regulator which must correspond to the
normal consumption of the apparatus, is such that the water level reaches the
borders of a tank U communicating with the overflow pipe T. When the water
rises higher than the normal consumption of the purifier, the float K in rising
causes the valve Q to close and stop all communication between the compart-
ments A and A2 and the water entering into the compartment A' must escape
through the overflow pipe T.
3. Improved saturator. In the apparatus described in my aforesaid patent the
vertical hollow rotary shaft conducting the water to be saturated to the lower
part of the saturator, rests upon a bearing in the lower part of the said apparatus,

page_text: I now however, suspend it at its upper part by means of a ball bearing a', Fig. 7,
carried by an arm fastened in a suitable manner on the wall of the saturator. The
lower end of the tube a is absolutely free and can sink to the lowest point of the
saturator.
In this arrangement the shaft a is much more easily guided in its rotation, the
resistance and friction is considerably diminished and the water to be saturated
is conducted to the lowest point of the apparatus which is very important for
preventing the deposit of lime always liable to be formed at this spot.
4. Filter with independent compartments (Figs. S and 9). I replace the simple
filter described in my former apparatus by a filter with independent compart-
ments which can be isolated during working and allow an easy cleaning of the
filter. These compartments bare separated by partitions e arranged radially in
the annular filter.
The mixture of the water to be treated and the saturated water passes down
to the purifier through the central pipe d then rises again through passage ee
clearing away the solid bodies held in suspension upon the helicoidal blades of the
decantor. The treated water continues to rise, passes into the free annular space h
then through the sluice valves f and flows through the vertical pipes gg into the
different compartments of the filter. The water first enters into the lower part
of the filter, as shown in the drawing, passes through the filtering materials
and escapes to the upper part through a circular grid 6. In the upper part of
filter the outlet pipe for the purified water is arranged.
It will be understood that for the purpose of cleaning any compartment of the
filter, it is sufficient to close the corresponding sluice valve f.
Figs. 10 and 11 show different arrangements of this filter, the position of the
annular space
and the compartments of the filter being different. The arrange-
ment of the whole of these figures can be readily understood without further
description.
5. Float regulator for the supply of reagents.
With reference to Fig. 12 it will be seen that the float 7 lies upon the liquid
contained in the tank and is in communication with the outlet orifice m by means
of a flexible pipe n. The float is perforated at one or several points of its circum-
ference by one or more holes through which the liquid of the reservoir can
readily enter. As it is necessary to determine the sections of the holes o and of
the outlet m in order that the liquid enters into the float in a convenient manner.
it will be understood that this entrance is always effected under a constant
pressure proportional to the height of the water p measured from the centre
of the hole o to the level of the liquid in the reservoir which water height is
absolutely invariable, as the weight of the float remains constant. The valve or
perforation which controls the flowing out of the reagents always opens
entirely during the working. The outlet orifice m is larger than the valve or
hole o in the regulating float so that the liquid cannot fill the float except on
stoppage of working.
The valve o which opens or closes entirely is automatically influenced by the
float whose purpose is to prevent variations in the distribution whatever be the
irregularity in the feed of water to be purified, or in the consumption of purified
water.
Figs. 13 and 14 show other forms of the above which are evident in themselves.
According to the nature of the reagents to be distributed the float regulator
should preferably be of gutta-percha but any other suitable substance can be
used.
The outlet orifice m can be closed by a cap 9 (Fig. 13) arranged on the small
arm of an angle lever turning upon a pivot 3. The large arm r¹ carrying a
weight not shown is operated by means of a rod in connection with the stopping
device of the purifying apparatus.
6. Arrangement of the decantor. The arrangement of a single partition on

page_text: the lower end of each helix catches all deposits sliding upon them which are con-
ducted by a small collector to the mud reservoir.
Experience has shown that the form of my helicoidal blades is sufficient to
favour the depositing of the precipitate and to protect same from being drawn up
by the force of the, liquid without the help of diaphragms which I formerly
described and utilized.
Observation has shown that simply by virtue of its ascending movement the
liquid in the helicoidal spaces follows constantly the upper parts of the spaces
between the helicoidal surfaces whilst the deposits on account of their density
naturally cause a descending current in the same spaces.
In order to prevent the deposits leaving the helicoidal surfaces at the end of
their course and from being caught by the liquid, I use, as shown in Fig. 15
of the annexed drawing, partitions s closing the helices. These partitions may
be vertical or inclined and the deposits pass to the collectors which conduct them
directly to the mud reservoir u.
This new arrangement has not only the advantage of giving with a simplified
construction the same results as my former patent but allows the cleansing of the
decantation surfaces without necessitating the dismounting of the apparatus.
As a matter of fact it is sufficient to bring a current of water through the filter,
the water falling into the helices and passing along carries away all deposits.
7. Helicoidal surfaces constructed of flat elements Figs. 16 and 17 show a new
construction of helicoidal decantation surfaces giving the advantages of a great
facility of construction.
Every decantation surface is formed by separate elements with flat sur-
faces joined together or not; the said elements follow one another in order
and together represent a general surface which approaches more or less the
helicoidal.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
In apparatus for purifying water and other liquids for example substantially
as described in the Specification of Letters Patent No. 7006 of 1889.
1. An automatic stop valve and parts connected therewith for the distributing
regulator for regulating entrance of water or liquid and serving to produce the
automatic stopping of the action of the apparatus when required, substantially as
set forth.
2. The construction of automatic stop valve and parts connected therewith sub-
stantially as described and illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 of the annexed drawings.
3. An arrangement for automatically stopping the action of the purifying
apparatus when working with variable delivery, consisting of a float regulating
the entrance of the water or liquid into the regulator in accordance with the
outflow of purified liquid, substantially as described.
4. The construction comprising the float K in a casing O suspended in the
vessel L and open above, said casing 0 having an outlet below closed by a float
valve governed by the water or liquid level in vessel L for the purpose set forth.
5. The construction comprising the tank with two compartments A' and A²,
valves R, R, Q, float M, and pipe T arranged substantially as described for the
purpose set forth.
6. A saturator in which the tubular shaft of the mixer is suspended upon a
ball bearing on a collar near its upper end in order to facilitate the movement
of the mixer and to allow the central pipe to descend to the lowest part of the
saturator.
7. A filter formed with independent compartments and situated against the
jacket or against the central cylinder of the apparatus each compartment having
separate communication with the decantor or purifier so that any one may be
separately put in or out of action.

page_text: 8. A device for feeding the solutions of reagents comprising a float connected
by flexible pipe with an outlet and adapted to receive the solution at a constant
depth below its surface level for the purpose set forth.
9. A depositor or decantor the helical decanting surfaces of which are terminated
each by a single partition arranged at the lower extremity of the helical surface
so as to form a guide tangential to the central cylinder leading to the bottom
of the decantor or depositor where the sediment is collected.
10. Decanting surfaces composed of a succession of plane elements arranged
helicoidally substantially as described.
...1 ..ו
1-1
J
1800
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to Applicant.
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London.