matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DISCHARGING OR THROWING PROJECTILES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Alfred Barlow at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th July 1882. Communicated
to me from abroad by Anton J. Krebs of Vienna Austria.
WALTER ALFRED BARLOW of 6 St Pauls Churchyard in the city of London
Patent Agent and Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DISCHARGING
OR THROWING PROJECTILES " a communication to me from abroad by Anton J.
Krebs of Vienna, Austria
This Invention relates to certain improvements in apparatus for discharging or
throwing projectiles the object being to construct a simple and handy device for
throwing or propelling projectiles having the form of an archimedean screw which
projectiles are intended to be used in place of the glass balls and similar devices
employed for shooting practice.
The apparatus consists of a hollow tube preferably partly enclosed in a wooden
or other handle At one end a revolving head provided with a ratchet and pawl
device is fitted to the tube in such manner as to freely rotate upon the latter.
From this head a rod reaches downward through the entire length of the tube
and forms the core of a strong spiral spring also fitting into said tube.
The upper
end of this spring is fastened to said rod or core while the lower end is fastened to
the end of the tube so as to permit of its being wound up or tightened by turning
the loose head to which the rod is suitably connected in the proper direction
the pawl engaged in the teeth of the ratchet wheel keeping the spring from going
back until released.
At the end the head is provided with two upright pins, which serve for winding
up the spring by the insertion of a rod or key between them and also for
transmitting force and rotary motion to the projectile which is placed upon them.
The projectiles may be of any material and shape providing they have the
proper screw or wing form which will cause them when rotary motion is imparted
to them by releasing the spring to rise bird like into the air and serve the purpose
indicated
The pawl of the ratchet wheel is preferably fitted trigger like to the tube so as
to permit the releasing of the spring by a touch of the finger.
The apparatus thus described may besides having used for the purpose above
mentioned be used for other similar ones such as games and such like.
IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st October 1882. A Communi-
cation to him from abroad by H. Bollack, and G. Mayer, both of Paris, France.
WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE of N° 11, Wellington Street, Strand, London, in
the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, "IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS"
A Communication to me from abroad by H. Bollack, and G. Mayer, both of Paris
France.
This invention relates to improvements in an Umbrella whereby it is made to
open automatically, actuated by a spiral or helical spring which expands when it is
desired to open the umbrella for use, remains compressed in the socket of the slider
or runner while the umbrella is closed, and is held in this position by a kind of
spring clasp or catch set in the handle or by a suitably arranged cup or tip fastener,
with or without spring.
The spiral or helical spring is confined between the upper part of the socket of
the runner and a second runner, to which are attached as many tension rods of thin
metal wire as there are hollow stretchers corresponding to the ribs receiving the
cover, which is made of any suitable material.
The upper part of the socket of the main slider or runner, or the lower part of
the nut or collar to which the ribs are joined, is provided with a washer of india
rubber or other elastic material, to deaden the shock arising from the expansion of
the spiral spring which is particularly felt upon the nut or collar of the ribs.
Another spiral spring may if desired be placed between the second slider or
runner and the piece into which penetrates the spring catch of the handle, when
this catch is used, also for the purpose of deadening the shock produced by opening
the umbrella.
When the umbrella is closed the catch in the handle, or the spring tip cup keeps the
entire arrangement in position, the spiral spring which serves to open the umbrella
being completely compressed; by pressing on the catch, or pulling back the tip cup,
the pirce into which the catch enters, or the branches held by the sliding tip cup,
are released, and the spring expanding opens the umbrella, the shock of the spring
in distending being broken or deadened by the above mentioned elastic washer and
also by the second spiral spring above mentioned, if this latter is used.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Calder Hurst Clegg and Abraham
Hoyle at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th March 1882.
CALDER HURST CLEGG and ABRAHAM HOYLE both of Littleborough in the
County of Lancaster "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
"
Our improvements relate to the invention for which Letters Patent were granted
to Edward Alford Clegg and the above-named Abraham Hoyle on the 20th February
A.D. 1874 No. 650.
We apply a pair of compressing rollers placed between the fell of the fabric and
the cloth beam to act upon the fabric when woven.
The fabric passes between these rollers and on to the taking up roller; it is
found that fluff and other substances adhere to one or both of the compressing
rollers which have heretofore been driven by the cloth being drawn through them
by the taking-up roller.
Our invention consists in driving one or both of these compressing rollers by
toothed gearing or otherwise at a speed either greater or less than the speed at
which the cloth travels, or the roller or rollers may be driven at the same speed if
in the contrary direction to the cloth. We also, if desirable, impart a longitudinal
motion to the compressing roller or rollers by cams or otherwise.
By thus imparting motion to the roller or rollers we prevent the fluff or other
substances from adhering to either or both of them.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SECONDARY BATTERIES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Wilson Vincent at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th May 1882. The result partly of
a communication to him by William Buller Fullerton Elphinstone, Baron
Elphinstone at present residing in Canada, and partly of invention and
discovery made by him.
CHARLES WILSON VINCENT of Holloway in the County of Middlesex
'IMPROVEMENTS IN SECONDARY BATTERIES."-The result partly of a communi-
cation to him by William Buller Fullerton Elphinstone, Baron Elphinstone at
present residing in Canada, and partly of invention and discovery made by him.
The object of these improvements is to construct Secondary batteries in a mo: e
economical manner than heretofore as regards thelr durability, bulk and weight.
In constructing a battery according to this invention, metallic plates or cylinders
are formed from finely deposited metals containing a large percentage of hydrogen,
such plates or cylinders being caused to retain their form by the application of
suitable pressure, thus rendering the use of sustaining plates or supports of any
kind within the battery unnecessary.
In formning these plates or cylinders, lead in solution is the metal preferably
employed, as it contains a large quantity of occluded or nascent hydrogen. The
lead may be caused to deposit in a finely divided state either by electrolysis or by
chemical process.
Having thus prepared the lead it is pressed into any form suitable for use as an
element in a secondary battery, which is then charged in the ordinary way.
As a modification of the above described method of making the electrodes of
Secondary batteries whereby the formation of Saturn's Trees is to a great extent
avoided, the finely divided metal may be deposited on, or otherwise applied to,
carbon plates, pressure being then applied, as above indicated, to give to the lead
the desired density and self supporting quality.
This combination under pressure of the finely divided metal with carbon in the
form of plates affords a simple and expeditious method of manufacture.
The finely deposited lead may also be combined under pressure with carbon, to
form a compact self-supporting electrode, in other forms and in other ways than
that just described.
'
It may also be found advantageous to employ pyrophoric lead which, after
compression, is converted into the hydride of lead, and charged in the usual
manner.
AN IMPROVED KNIFE CLEANER My
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Woodward at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th May 1882.
HENRY WOODWARD, of Shepherd's Bush, in the County of Middlesex, AN
IMPROVED KNIFE CLEANER
My Improved knife cleaner consists of three superposed blocks, or pieces of wood,
or other suitable material, enclosed in a frame, or casing, secured to a base or stand.
The upper two blocks, or pieces, are moveable, and are provided, on their interior
or opposed faces, with leather, or other suitable polishing surfaces. In the lower-
most block or piece is inserted a coiled spring, which exerts upward pressure on
the middle or central block or piece above it, and presses it against the uppermost
block or piece. The uppermost moveable piece is retained in place by a thumb
screw, passing through the top of the frame or casing; by means of this screw, the
spring, in the lower-most block may be more or less compressed and the desired
amount of pressure brought to bear on the two moveable blocks or pieces.
A hopper or receptacle for polishing powder is contrived in the uppermost block
or piece, and an orifice in the said piece, permits of the passage of the powder on
to the two polishing surfaces. The knife to be cleaned is inserted between these
polishing surfaces and is moved backwards and forwards.
The casing may however be dispensed with, and a presser bar, or bars, arranged
to answer the purpose.
A groove, or channel, is made in the base plate of the apparatus and is fitted with
a strip of leather, for cleaning and polishing the back of the knife.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SCREW PROPELLERS.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Heppell at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd February 1882.
THOMAS HEPPELL of Birtley in the county of Durham, Mining Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SCREW PROPELLERS.'
"
This invention relates to an improved mode of attaching and securing the blades
to the boss of a screw propeller, the object of the invention being to allow of
readily replacing a defective or broken blade or blades of such propellers.
In carrying out the invention the boss of the propeller is grooved or dovetailed
to suit the required number of blades; the grooves are in a slanting direction and
are slightly taper, so that the tendency of the action of the blades on the water is
to prevent any backward movement of the blades; the back part of the boss is
provided with a collar or washer secured by nuts and stud bolts so as to retain the
blades in position.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH BUSTS FOR EXHIBITING LADIES COSTUMES AND MANTLES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gaius Galloway Tanner at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th August 1882.
GAIUS GALLOWAY TANNER of Oriel Road Homerton in the County of Middlesex
Drapers Bust and Stand Manufacturer IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH
BUSTS FOR EXHIBITING LADIES COSTUMES AND MANTLES.”
The object of my invention is to form busts for the exhibition of ladies costumes
and mantles in such a manner as to suit the shape of the costume or mantle as
regards what is termed the improver and also applicable to the hips as well as being
able to assume the ordinary shape.
It is effected in the following manner Heretofore the improver has been
an addition or attachment to the bust but I propose to form out of the ordinary
bust a flap which will have its centre near or at the waist and being part of the
papier mache or other material of which the bust is made.
The flap is projected and retained out or in its normal position or at any desired
angle by a spring or by an arrangement of levers to suit the shape of the costume
or mantle and can be retained in any position by cords or by an elastic band and
in some cases by a rack or their equivalents and when it is desired that it should
assume the shape of the ordinary bust the "flap" or "improver" is pressed against
the body of the bust and secured thereto advantageously by hook and eye.
One or more springs may be employed so that the tendency is always for the
improver to be projected and that being consequently its normal position The
spring or springs may slide on a flat plate with or without holes to partly retain it
in position or a corrugated plate may be employed although these are not absolutely
essential.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles William Siemens at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th January 1882.
CHARLES WILLIAM SIEMENS of No. 12 Queen Anne's Gate Westminster in the
County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS."
My Invention relates to the construction of lamps whereby I am enabled to
utilise a large portion of the heat of the products of combustion in heating the air
supply to the burner. For this purpose I extend the glass chimney or superpose
on it an additional metal chimney which preferably has fins or ribs exposing
extended surface both inside and outside. Around this upper chimney and extending
down to or nearly to the level of the burner I provide a casing of glass or translucent
material which may be widened to a trumpet mouth or expanded in globular or
other desired form at its lower part. This casing, at its top communicates by
an external descending pipe with the closed chamber in which the burner is situated
at the bottom of the chimney glass. The casing above mentioned is so much
larger than the chimney which it surrounds that there is an annular passage for air
between it and the chimney, this passage being subdivided by the fins or ribs into
numerous channels.
Cold.air ascending this passage becomes heated and it descends the external tube
to the burner chamber, thus supplying heated air for the combustion. If volatile
hydrocarbon is used as the fuel of the lamp, the burner with the arrangements
above described is placed above the reservoir of hydrocarbon, and the hot air serves
to volatilise the liquid hydrocarbon which is caused to ascend to the burner by a
wick or otherwise.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING AND UTILIZING THE GASES ARISING FROM THE DISTILLATION OF COAL ADAPTED SPECIALLY FOR THE USE OF COLLIERY AND IRONWORK PROPRIETORS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Dempster Senior and John
Dempster at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th February
1882.
ROBERT DEMPSTER Senior, of Elland in the County of York, Consulting Gas
Engineer and JOHN DEMPSTER of The Hollies, in Elland aforesaid, Consulting Gas
Engineer, "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING AND
UTILIZING THE GASES ARISING FROM THE DISTILLATION OF COAL ADAPTED
SPECIALLY FOR THE USE OF COLLIERY AND IRONWORK PROPRIETORS "
This Invention relates to an improved method of and apparatus for making and
utilizing the gases arising from the distillation of coal adapted specially for the use
of colliery and iron-work proprietors.
According to our Invention we erect the gas retorts in the immediate neighbour-
hood of the steam boilers and furnaces and by suitable connecting apparatus we
convey the gases after passing through the condensers and scrubbers, and thereby
extracting the tar and ammonia, to the boilers, furnaces, or other appliance and
there consume the same by means of suitably constructed burners. Along with
the unconsumed gases arising from the retorts, we may pass through the furnaces
the partially consumed gasses produced in heating the retorts.
As the process will be valuable chiefly as a means of obtaining the residual
products from coal of low quality many of the processes employed in obtaining gas
for illuminating purposes will be neglected and the exhausters, purifiers gas holders,
governors and station metres can be dispensed with thereby reducing the cost of
the working plant, and the crude gases if not required for other purposes may be
used as fuel for heating the retorts.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MICROSCOPES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Hancock at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th December 1882.
WILLIAM EDWARD HANCOCK M.A. of Halifax, in the County of York, Clerk
in Holy Orders IMPROVEMENTS IN MICROSCOPES
My said invention relates to new and improved Binocular or Monocular
Microscope stands which allow of moving the Microscope up and down as required
to give a more accurate and true adjustment of the focus than in microscopes of
ordinary construction.
For this purpose I construct the improved stand with a strong metal carrier
bent or formed in or near the centre into a semi-circular shape and so constructed
that the upper and lower portions above and below the bend or curve are exactly
in a line, and the upper part of the carrier is made with a slide guide in which
works a slide formed on the carrier and slide on which is mounted and secured the
body of the microscope; by the employment of two slides I construct instrument
or microscope stands with compound slides giving a double action; the second or
bottom slide is worked by a very fine screw and the slide is also fitted with one
or two spiral springs or with any other suitably shaped spring or springs. The
screw is actuated by a button or screw head and so accurate is the action that a
very fine, true adjustment of the instrument or microscope is obtained
The bottom part of the carrier carries the stage, and the stage is secured to the
carrier by a set screw or by any other suitable means so as to easily detach the
stage from the carrier when required, and the bottom part of the carrier below the
bend or curve is made with a groove in which works the substage which is moved
up and down according to requirements by a rack and pinion.
The compound slide, carrier and body of the microscope are mounted on a
folding tripod so constructed as to fold up and lie close to the instrument and take
little room when placed in the microscope box or for carrying the microscope.
By the hereindescribed arrangement a more accurate adjustment of the focus is
obtained than in microscopes of ordinary construction
IMPROVEMENTS SECONDARY OR STORAGE BATTERIES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th August 1882. A communi-
cation to him from abroad by Doctor Hermann Aron, of Berlin, Germany.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, IMPROVEMENTS
SECONDARY OR STORAGE BATTERIES, a communication to me from abroad by
Doctor Hermann Aron, of Berlin, Germany,
IN
This invention consists in the first place in impregnating capillary substances by
immersion, brushing, pressure under the jar of an air pump, or by other pressure,
with a lead combination (chemical,) which substance so impregnated is then wound
around the polar plates and there secured.
The invention consists in the second place in constructing the polar plates, on the
same principle, by stitching the capillary substance or net-work first on to the lead
plates and then impregnating them with the lead combination or pressing the lead
metalloid, or, another lead combination or lead sponge, or a mixture of both, into
the same.
By repeating this manipulation, thicker strata may be produced on the
same polar plates.
In each of these methods, the lead combination is held at many points by the
net-work while there remain openings enough to afford the acid comfortable access
to all parts of the polar plates without being hindered by the dializing substances.
The first described method is intended for the positive pole, and the other for the
negative. The net-work of the outer strata is especially made of wool, or is
saturated with insulating substances, such as resins, in order to render it more
acid-proof.
Easy access of the acid to the inner particles is also attained by constructing the
polar plates of dializing substances, and then perforating them with a great number
of holes. The outer wrappings should be of wood, straw or basket-work.
In order to heighten the capillary entry as far as possible, a mixture is made of
lead combinations and asbestos, finely-picked cellulose, horse hair, wool, slaked
wool, or silicious sinter, and pressed between the meshes of the net-work or the
perforations of the plates.
In order to prevent the drying in of the elements, I fill the same with substances
which suck up the fluid but little or not at all, such as net-work, horse-hair, cane
or wood shavings, or pumice-stone.
3
The strata lying above the polar plates I make out of net-work on which a
dried-in element like asbestos, or congealed paraffine, is laid.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRING PACKINGS FOR METALLIC PISTON RINGS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Duffield at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 20th September 1882.
.
JAMES DUFFIELD, of Dore in the County of Derby. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SPRING PACKINGS FOR METALLIC PISTON RINGS."
"
My Improvements consist in the use of one or more rings made of the material
commonly called "India Rubber or any compound whose base is caoutchouc,
such rings being of any section and of any suitable degree of elasticity, for the
purpose of pressing the piston rings out horizontally or laterally against the inner
surface of the Cylinder; and vertically against the the bottom flange of both the
"piston block
and the "cover," thus forming a compound spring having the
proper amount of rigidity and elasticity required to make the piston perfectly
tight, without causing undue friction. I do not confine myself to any par-
ticular section of spring as this will require to be varied to suit the different
kinds of piston rings now in use; and it must be understood that although I
prefer to use an endless ring of the proper diameter I may if desirable use a
rope" of India Rubber of any suitable section which may be cut to the proper
length and either connected at the ends or left loose.
<
An outer covering of Canvas, Asbestos tape or other suitable material may be
used if desirable as a protection from grease or heat; but in all cases I rely upon
the ring of India Rubber to impart the necessary elasticity. When the piston rings.
have worn and it is desirable to put on more spring" I insert behind the india.
rubber spring a strip of sheet india rubber, iron, or any other suitable substance,
and in cases where the cylinders have worn oval or otherwise out of "truth" I
insert suitable packings behind the rubber spring in such worn places, so that they
will cause the ring to depart from a true circle, and to fit the irregular "bore" of.
the Cylinder.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF DISCHARGING FIRE ARMS AND ORDNANCE AND IN THE APPARATUS RELATING THERETO
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Nelson Goodwin Green at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th December 1882. Partly com-
municated to him from abroad by Joseph L Galt and James P Freeman both
of New York United States and is partly of his own Invention
NELSON GOODWIN GREEN of New York City but now of 8 Quality Court
Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex Gentleman "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
METHOD OF DISCHARGING FIRE ARMS AND ORDNANCE AND IN THE APPARATUS
RELATING THERETO." (Being partly a communication to me from abroad by Joseph
L. Galt and James P. Freeman both of New York United States and partly of
my own Invention).
This Invention has for its object the ignition of gun powder and other similar
explosives for the discharge of small arms and ordnance by means of Electricity
And the Invention consists in the employment of a battery or other suitable
means of producing an electric current placed within the stock of the Gun or small
arm and connected by wires to two insulated plates or discs of metal situated in
the lock portion or other suitable part of the gun or fire arm which plates are
brought into contact with wire-brushes extending from the base of the Cartridge,
which base is formed of some hard wood such as mahogany or other suitable
material having perforations to carry the wires terminating in the said brushes
into the centre of the explosive material contained in the cartridge, these wires
are there connected by a fine platinum wire, which latter on the passing of the
current becomes heated and ignites the powder or other explosive
In order to cause the current to pass as required through the above described
circuit, one of the wires leading from the battery or generator to one of the above
mentioned insulated dises or plates is divided and arranged with a push button to
make or break the circuit as may be required
The advantages of this Invention consist in the more rapid and equal explosion
of the powder or other explosive from the centre of the cartridge thereby dispensing
with the use of a percussion cap with all its uncertainty of action: also in the
increased accuracy of aim by avoiding the jar caused by the ordinary action of the
hammer; The push button in this case acts as a trigger for firing the gun. The

page_text: heating of the wire is more certain in its effect for purposes of ignition than the
passing of an electric spark.
For ordnance where the electric generator is not required to be carried with the
weapon it may be placed according to convenience in the proximity of the gun and
connected as before to the insulated plates by insulated wires suitably arranged in
combination with the contact maker and breaker.
AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR CLEANING KNIVES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Spong at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 5th June 1882.
CHARLES SPONG [residing at] 45 Arabin Road Brockley [Lewisham] in the County
of Kent AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR CLEANING KNIVES
This invention consists of a tray about two feet square, in the interior of which
is fixed a slab of wood twenty one inches long fourteen inches wide, half an inch
thick, ten inches in width of which is covered on the surface with Kamptulicon or
other material for the purpose of forming a bed to place the blades of the Knives
upon, one portion being raised in order to bring the smaller blades on a level with
the large, about five inches in width of the slab is removed for the purpose of
placing the handles of the Knives upon,-attached to which is a fillet of wood or
other material the length of the slab, grooves are inserted so as to permit the
handles being placed in such a position that the blades shall be parallel with the
traveller by which the Knives are cleaned. Flanges are attached to this portion of
the slab in order to prevent the Knives slipping back, which are made moveable by
bracket slides to admit the handles of various lengths, An iron tongue is fixed
for the purpose of the shoulders of the Knives resting against in which an aperture
is made to receive them and to prevent the Knives from slipping forwards, it is
covered with leather or other Material for the purpose of Cleaning the shoulders of
the Knives-There are two flanges fixed in a transverse position at either end of
that portion of the slab that is covered with Kamptulicon so as to keep the traveller
while working from oscillating.
On either side of the interior of the tray is a groove for the Traveller to work
in to prevent its oscillating vertically and also for the purpose of causing a down-
ward pressure to bear on the blades of the Knives, attached to the bottom of the
fillets which form the grooves are springs by which the pressure can be regulated,
the remaining portion of the floor of the tray on either side of the slab are trays for
receiving the Knives, powder leathers &c. In the partition of one are two mortices
to admit the guides of the traveller while in operation.
The Traveller comprises a piece of hard wood or other material twenty one inches
long three inches wide one inch and half thick, the bottom of which and one side is
covered with India Rubber or other material.

page_text: There are two grooves cut (one at either side) on the bottom to admit the flanges
inserted in the slab to keep it in a parallel position, on the top of the traveller is
fixed at either end a guide made of hard wood or other material to prevent it
oscillating horizontally while in operation; On the face of each are inserted two
sheaves or rollers to admit of its working with greater facility and there is a handle
attached to its centre by which it is worked by the operator.
IMPROVED SEAT SHIFTER FOR CARRIAGES OF ALL KINDS AN
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Roberts at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th July 1882.
WILLIAM HENRY ROBERTS Coach Maker of Bridgewater-Somerset
IMPROVED SEAT SHIFTER FOR CARRIAGES OF ALL KINDS
AN
The seat of the carriage or other conveyance is made in the ordinary way but
rests upon rachets on each side upon and along which it can be moved freely by
the action of a lever which can be worked by the person occupying the seat the
seat moving easily backwards or forwards.
Witness
IMPROVEMENTS IN PLAYING CARDS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th October 1882. A communication
to him from abroad by Bernard Dreyfuss of the City and State of New York,
United States of America.
"
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London, "IMPROVEMENTS IN PLAYING CARDS [A com-
munication to him from abroad by Bernard Dreyfuss of the City and State of
New York, United States of America.]
This invention relates to improvements in playing cards, and is carried into
practice in the following manner, that is to say, each characteristic mark or
design, such as the heart, club, spade, on the face of the card, is formed of letters
and words, so arranged and proportioned, as to make, not only the several
distinctive characters, each possessing its well known conventional color, but also
to convey to the player an advertising announcement.
"
"
Each "spot
on the card may contain the same advertising matter, or different
advertisements, and if desired small wood cuts, representing the several things in
this way advertised. The letters and words forming the several " spots of the
cards may be placed in reverse order, that is to say, so that the letters or words
will read from each end or from each side of the card towards its centre, it being
immaterial which end of the card is held uppermost, for its advertising matter will
always be in proper position to be read.
Instead of forming the entire "spot ," of letters, a suitable outline of each
distinctive character may be drawn, and the spaces enclosed by such outlines,
filled in by letters or sentences of advertising matter.
THE MANUFACTURE OR CONSTRUCTION OF A MACHINE WHEREBY POTATOES OR OTHER ROOTS CAN BE EFFECTUALLY SEPARATED INTO THE VARIED SIZES THAT MAY BE REQUIRED
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Stephenson Copeland at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th June 1882.
STEPHENSON COPELAND of Beverley in the County of Yorkshire Agricultural
Implement Maker THE MANUFACTURE OR CONSTRUCTION OF A MACHINE WHEREBY
POTATOES OR OTHER ROOTS CAN BE EFFECTUALLY SEPARATED INTO THE VARIED
SIZES THAT MAY BE REQUIRED
This invention whereby Potatoes or other roots can be sorted or separated into
the varied sizes that may be required, consists of a cylinder or Barrel which is fixed
in a suitable frame so that the cylinder or Barrel can be made to revolve either way
at pleasure by means of a handle fixed at the end of the spindle passing through
the centre of the said cylinder. This cylinder can have a large wooden or other
screw fixed inside the whole or part of its length whereby the potatoes are drawn
and conducted through as they are undergoing the process of separation. The
outside of the said cylinder is constructed with two or more different meshes as may
be required to produce the sizes needed. These meshes may be longitudinal or
diagonal of wood or iron rods inserted into or fastened on to the rims or discs of
the cylinder, or they may be by wire netting Rope netting, or any other kind of
suitable net fastened into or on the said rims or discs. Inside this cylinder (if the
screw named is not placed) partitions are fixed inside the said rims or discs, which
partitions have apertures thro which the potatoes pass as the partition revolves.
A Hopper is placed on one end of the said frame from which the potatoes pass into
the end of the cylinder. The small potatoes pass thro' the first size of mesh fixed
on the cylinder and are delivered at one side of the Machine by running down an
inclined plane of laths or iron rods placed a little apart so as to take out any
dirt which drops through underneath. The seed potatoes are in the same manner
delivered through the next size of mesh to the opposite side of the Machine whilst
the Market or large potatoes pass out at the end of the cylinder into a spout and
delivered as required Whilst this description speaks of but two meshes or sizes of
net work, yet the number may be increased at pleasure by the simple lengthening
of the cylinder.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COLOURING MATTERS SUITABLE FOR DYEING AND PRINTING
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Erskine at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 14th April 1882. A communication from
abroad by Carl Rumpff, of Aprath, near Elberfeld, in the Empire of Germany,
Chemical Manufacturer.
JOHN ERSKINE of 151 St. Vincent Street Glasgow in the County of Lanark
North Britain Solicitor IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COLOURING
MATTERS SUITABLE FOR DYEING AND PRINTING [A communication from abroad
by Carl Rumpff, of Aprath, near Elberfeld, in the Empire of Germany, Chemical
Manufacturer.]
The nature of this Invention consists in manufacturing colouring matters
suitable for dyeing and printing by the reaction of the Sulpho acids of Diazo and
Diazo azo or Tetrazo-derivatives of the aromatic hydrocarbons preferably in the
form of the sodium salts or compounds of the said sulpho acids on Napthylamine
alpha or Beta in acid solution.-As examples and illustrations of the reactions in
which my Invention consists and of the process by which the same are effected I
give the following cases:
I prepare a new Brown dyestuff or colouring matter by causing Diazo Napthalene
Sulphonate of soda to act on Napthylamine Alpha or Beta in acid solution and
this I do by dissolving 50 lbs. of Napthylamine sulphonate of Soda in 500 lbs. of
water, cooling the solution down to 3º Centegrade by ice, adding slowly to the
cooled solution 75 lbs. of Muriatic acid and then 11 lbs. of sodium Nitrite dissolved
in 40 lbs. of water, and then after several hours rest I pour the liquid into a
solution containing 25 lbs. of Napthylamine, 50 lbs. of Murintic Acid, and 500 lbs. of
water. On the union of the liquids the new Brown dyestuff separates instantly
as a voluminous precipitate which is filtered and dried. This dyestuff, when dry,
appears as a brown powder which is soluble in hot water, and crystallizes on
cooling. The aqueous solution becomes yellowish on addition of alkalis; It
becomes blueish red on addition of concentrated mineral acids and the dyestuff
partially separates.-The dyestuff dyes silk and wool in an acidulated bath and is
fast against soap and light.
Again, for the above mentioned Diazo Napthalene sulphonate of soda I
substitute in the above process the Amido Azo benzol Sulphonate of Soda and
...611

page_text: conduct the process in all other particulars as above described and so I obtain
another brown dyestuff which behaves towards acids and alkalis very similarly to
the dyestuff already described, dyes wool and silk a dark reddish brown colour in
an acidulated bath and is fast against soap and light.
Other colouring matters may be got by substituting in the preceding process the
Sulpho Acids of the Diazo and the Diazo Azo or Tetrazo derivatives of Toluol,
Xylol, Methyl Benzol, Ethyl Benzol, and the other aromatic hydrocarbons
(including Napthalene) in the form preferably of the sodium salts of said Sulpho
Acids for Diazo Napthalene Sulphonate of Soda or Amido Azo benzol Sulphonate
of soda.
IMPROVEMENTS APPARATUS FOR AND MEANS OF PURIFYING WATER.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Goldthorpe at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th May 1882.
ARTHUR GOLDTHORPE of the firm of Messieurs James Goldthorpe and Company
of Wakefield in the County of York Worsted Spinners.
"IMPROVEMENTS
APPARATUS FOR AND MEANS OF PURIFYING WATER.'
"
IN
The object of this invention is the rendering water containing carbonates of iron
or lime suitable for dyeing and other uses for which until purified it is not
available and such object I effect by the improved apparatus and means hereinafter
described.
I employ a boiler or other closed vessel into which the water to be operated
upon is passed through a pipe and tap communicating with the said Boiler or closed
vessel is a second pipe and tap through which exhaust or other steam is discharged
into the boiler or vessel the action of the steam upon the water is to heat the same
and thereby liberate the carbonic acid the water then passes from the boiler or
closed vessel to a cistern in which it is allowed to stand until the iron or lime
precipitates or falls to the bottom of the cistern when it is ready for use.
boiler or closed vessel is provided with manhole and discharge sluice so as to permit
the ready cleansing the boiler or closed vessel as occasion requires.
The
IMPROVEMENTS IN PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA SHUTTERS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Tom Vickers at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 20th February 1882.
"
TOM VICKERS of Scarborough in the County of York IMPROVEMENTS IN
PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA SHUTTERS
"
My Invention relates to means or apparatus whereby the light may be quickly
or instantaneously excluded or shut out from cameras in photographic operations,
such improvements may be employed in photographing generally but are
particularly applicable for the instantaneous processes.
For the above purpose I employ a box or casing so constructed as to readily fit
on to the outer end of the lense of the camera. Within the case or box is arranged
the means for shutting out the light and for this purpose I prefer employing two
alides or shutters of sufficient size together to cover the opening in the lense these
shutters or slides are retained in front of the opening by elastic bands or springs
but for the purpose of photographing any object they are pulled away from the
front thereof in opposite directions by the operator, a cord being attached thereto
for the purpose.
After the required length of exposure and when the operator lets go the cord
the shutters instantaneously close over the opening and entirely exclude the light.
In some cases one shutter only may be employed in this arrangement the
opening and closing operations are similar to the above described.
The shutters in some cases may be of a flexible nature and passed onto rollers.
The shutters may be worked backwards and forwards by a cord or by mechanical,
electrical, or pneumatic means.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HOIST, LIFT OR WINCH WINDING-GEAR AND IN BRAKE APPARATUS THEREFOR”
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Williams at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th July 1882.
BENJAMIN WILLIAMS of 58 Cowbridge Road Cardiff in the County of Glamorgan
Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN HOIST, LIFT OR WINCH WINDING-GEAR AND IN
BRAKE APPARATUS THEREFOR”
This Invention relates to certain improvements in hoist lift or winch winding
gear and in brake apparatus therefor the object being to so construct the gear as
to readily put the going parts into and out of action to wind rapidly lower or
sustain the load or weight at any desired point without danger of breakage or
sudden straining of the mechanism.
The apparatus is constructed as follows:-
In bearings of the side framing or cheeks of the hoist is mounted a shaft which
will be continually driven and may be called the first motion shaft; on one end of
this there is a sleeve which is provided at the ends with a collar which works
within portion of a movable cone piece which cone piece runs on a feather on the
first motion shaft. Over the said sleeve is passed a sleeve, boxing and hollow cone
all of a piece the intermediate portion or neck of the sleeve between the boxing
and the cone portion being formed as a pinion which will gear with a spur wheel
on the drum shaft that is the winding wheel.
The inner cone is free to turn and is held to its work upon the first sleeve by
the flange thereof and is to receive longitudinal motion from time to time to put
the cone in and out of friction (as will be required) with the hollow cone of the
pinion and for this purpose the outer end of the first sleeve piece is made with a
screw thread upon which a female screw nut is mounted said female screw nut
being turned up externally so as to turn in the bearing by means of a chain
wheel so operating the longitudinal movement of the cone friction clutch at the
end of the sleeve. A feather for this sleeve to control its longitudinal motion
under the action of the chain pulley and female screw nut is provided at the side
frame or cheek of the winch
The brake is provided within the boxing before described as forming part of
the driving pinion and consists of a circular block or collar fixed upon the side
frame or cheek eccentrically with the bearing portion for the motion shaft and a
D011

page_text: strap provided with a brake shoe is fitted on concentrically with the said eccentric
portion so that the brake shoe works in relation to the inner face of the boxing
eccentrically thereto and when said strap and brake shoe is operated by a saddle
lever or chain wheel the brake shoe will be brought into frictional contact with
the boxing with gradually increasing force but with very considerable rapidity
Further should the control of the brake chain be carelessly manipulated or be
disregarded whilst there is a weight upon the winding drum the motion of the fall
will put the brake shoe automatically into operation in consequence of its
eccentricity to the boxing and the brake will remain applied and the weight be
sustained until it be properly released.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS STOVES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Frederic Wright and George
Ernest Wright at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
25th August 1882.
JOHN FREDERIC WRIGHT and GEORGE ERNEST WRIGHT both of Birmingham
in the County of Warwick Manufacturers and Copartners "IMPROVEMENTS IN
GAS STOVES
">
In constructing a gas stove according to our invention we place the gas burner
at or near the bottom of a chamber preferably higher than it is wide. A second
chamber preferably similar to the first is fixed parallel therewith the two
chambers being connected at top. Air to support the combustion of the gas
enters the first named chamber at the open front at the lower part of the said
chamber and the products of combustion rising in the said first chamber pass from
its top to the top of the second chamber and descending in the said second
chamber pass out at its bottom. The bottom of the second chamber is in com-
munication with the atmosphere external to the room in which the stove is situated.
Each of the two chambers described contains a series of vertical tubes of thin
metal the said tubes opening at top, or both at top and bottom into the room.
When the said tubes open both at top and bottom into the room a circulation of
the air of the room through the said tubes takes place and the air of the room is
warmed. When the said tubes open into the room only at top their bottom ends
are put into communication with a flue opening into the external atmosphere.
This flue is situated around the flue by which the products of combustion pass
away and the incoming current of fresh air is warmed by the outgoing current of
vitiated air. The incoming current of air is afterwards further heated by passing
through the tubes in the chambers of the stove, the warm air put into circulation
not being confined to the air enclosed in the room but consisting of fresh air
warmed before being delivered into the room and after circulating in the room
passing into the stove to support combustion and passing afterwards into the
external atmosphere. Where the tubes in the chamber of the stove are open into
the room at top and bottom the incoming current of warm air is conducted directly
to the bottom of the chamber containing the burner without passing through the
room or the incoming current may be divided part of it passing into the stove
CD31

page_text: and part passing directly into the room. Or the incoming current of air described
may be dispensed with. When the stove has an open front we connect the hood
to the said front by means of a joint so that when desired the hood can be turned
down into a horizontal position so as to form a "trivet" on which anything it is
wished to heat may be supported near to the burner of the stove. This jointing
of the hood may be applied to gas stoves of various constructions.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH RAILWAYS FOR PREVENTING COLLISIONS THEREON
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Minchin Minchin and Louis
Henri Despeissis at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
2nd March 1882.
GEORGE MINCHIN MINCHIN of Coopers Hill Staines in the County of Middlesex
and LOUIS HENRI DESPEISSIS of Coopers Hill Staines in the County of Middlesex.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH RAILWAYS FOR PREVENTING COLLISIONS
THEREON."
"
Our Invention has for its object to secure a direct communication by electricity
between two or more trains on a line of Railway when there is a danger of collision
between them owing to their distance apart being within limits arbitrarily fixed.
According to our said Invention a conductor of electricity an iron rod or rail
for example is laid between the rails of the line at a slight elevation from the ground.
This conducting line or rail at intervals is broken or has nonconducting pieces let
into it. It is insulated from the ground. Parallel with but insulated from it is
another similar conductor but the breaks or non-conducting parts of this second
conductor occur at the middle points of the continuous blocks of the first rail. In
the Guard's Van or other desired part of each train there is an electric battery one
pole of which is connected with earth (through the wheel of the carriage) and the
other pole of which is connected with the double conductor just described. This
latter connection may be made by means of a metallic brush coming down from the
carriage and kept in contact with the double conductor or by other suitable means
of making contact. Thus when two trains are within half the length of a block
which may be any desired distance a current passes through the batteries of each
train and can sound or operate a signal to give warning of the proximity of the
trains. The alarm is made independent of the directions in which the trains send
their individual currents by arranging the Electrical apparatus of every train on
the principle of duplex Telegraphy. By this method as is well known two messages
can be sent along the same line whether they are sent in the same or in opposite
directions.
Thus the Official of each train on the occurrence of the alarm can signal to the
Official of the other train and in case of danger can pull up his train.

page_text: In the case of two lines crossing each other at the place of crossing the double
conducting rail of each line is carried underground and their blocks at the crossing
are connected.
At a larger crossing the connections are arranged in such a manner that each train
signals only to those which are in danger of colliding with it and the same principle 5
is applicable to any crossing.