IMPROVEMENTS IN BLOW- ING APPARATUS, AND OTHER APPARATUS AND ENGINES IN WHICH AIR AND OTHER ELASTIC FLUIDS ARE USED
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Henry Tuck, of Pall Mall, in the County of
Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BLOW-
ING APPARATUS, AND OTHER APPARATUS AND ENGINES IN WHICH AIR AND OTHER
ELASTIC FLUIDS ARE USED." A communication.
Sealed the 15th January 1856, and dated the 16th July 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Henry Tuck at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th
July 1855.
I, JOSEPH HENRY TUCK, of Pall Mall, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN BLOWING APPARATUS, AND OTHER APPARATUS AND ENGINES IN WHICH AIR
AND OTHER ELASTIC FLUIDS ARE USED," (being a communication from abroad,) to
be as follows:-
The Invention consists in forming apertures in the pipes or conduits through
which air and other elastic fluids are intended to pass, in such a manner as to
admit an additional supply of air or other elastic fluid through such apertures
into the said pipes or conduits during the passage of the air or other elastic
fluids through them, and thereby increase the effect of the latter for whatever
purpose it or they may be employed.
In some cases the additional air inay be simply allowed to enter the pipes
or conduits through the apertures formed therein; in other cases the air or
other clastic fluid will have to be introduced by suitable pipes and valves, or
other_well-known mechanical means. The temperature of the air or other

page_text: elastic fluid thus introduced will also be varied in different cases, so as to suit
the purpose for which it may be required; the size, form, and number, as well
as the mode of arranging the apertures, will also be varied in like manner.
"
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,. filed
by the said Joseph Henry Tuck in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
16th January 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
HENRY TUCK, of Pall Mall, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Joseph Henry Tuck, Her special licence that I, the said Joseph Henry
Tuck, my exccutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Joseph Henry Tuck, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, usc,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain.and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention för "IMPROVEMENTS IN
BLOWING APPARATUS, AND OTHER APPARATUS AND ENGINES IN WHICH AIR AND OTHER
ELASTIC FLUIDS ARE USED," being a communication from abroad, upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said Joseph Henry Tuck, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent..
"t
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Henry Tuck, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being liad to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thercon (that is to say):-
This Invention for "Improvements in Blowing Apparatus, and other Appa-
ratus and Engines in which Air and other, Elastic Fluids are used, con-
sists in forming apertures in the pipes or conduits through which air and
other clastic fluids are intended to pass, in such a manner as to admit an

page_text: additional supply of air or other elastic fluid through such apertures into the
said pipes or conduits during the passage of the air or other clastic fluids
through them, and thereby increase the effect of the latter for whatever
purposo
it or they may be employed.
In some cases the additional air may be simply allowed to enter the
pipes or conduits through the apertures formed therein; in other cases tho
air or other elastic, fluid will have to be introduced by suitable pipes and.
valves, or other well-known mechanical means. The temperature of the air
or other clastic fluid thus introduced will also be varied in different cases,
so as to suit the purpose for which it may be required; the size, form, and
number, as well as the mode of arranging the apertures, will also be varied
in like manner.
In order, however, that the Invention may be fully understood, I will
proceed to describe, by the aid of the accompanying Drawing several modes of
carrying it into effect.
Figures 1, 2, and 3 are intended to illustrate its application to blowing
apparatus through which atmospheric air is passed; Fig. 4 is a Diagram
representing its application to a steam pipe in the most simple mode of such
application; Figures 5 and 6 represent a mode of applying it to a pipe for
the conveyance of steam or other elastic fluid, in such a manner as to produce
an increased effect upon the volume of such clastic fluid in its passage through
the apparatus; Fig. 5 is a plan or horizontal view of the apparatus; and
Fig. 6 is a transverse vertical section of the same. A, Fig. 1, is intended to
represent the nozzle of a pair of bellows or other blowing apparatus, made of
perforated metal'; B, Fig. 2, represents a similar nozzle, with a single row of
larger apertures formed at its smaller end. Instead of inserting these nozzles
into the bellows cr other blowing apparatus in the usual manner, it may be
convenient, as the nozzles are to be reversed, to combine with them sliort
conical tubes, as shewn at C, Fig. 3, through which the current may be
directed into them. "The conical tube C may be connected to or form part of the
'nozzle, and in order to produce the maximum of effect its axis should coincide
with that of the nozzle, so as not to direct the current to one side more than
to another. The orifico of the tube C is made of such size as to fit tightly
into the smaller end of the nozzle A, and of such length as to terminate near
the apertures, as shewn in the Figure." It is not necessary that the form of
these perforated tubes should be circular in the cross section. In applying the
improved nozzles to existing blowers, the tube C is made to slip tightly over
the old nozzles. The operation of these improved nozzles is as follows:-As
the blast of air enters the smaller end and is impelled towards the larger end,
}
ald ..
:

page_text: it absorbs in its course a portion of the surrounding air, which passes into the
tube through the apertures; by this means the volume of air issuing from the
larger end of the nozzle becomes increased.
D, Fig. 4, is a boiler, to which is connected a steam pipe E, a portion of
which is perforated, as shewn, but it may be otherwise perforated, if preferred.
F is a jacket, surrounding the perforations or apertures in the pipe; G is a
valve, opening into the jacket F, into which it admits the air from below while
the steam is rushing through the pipe E from the boiler D, but the valve
becomes closed when the supply of steam ceases. If the air to be intro-
duced into the steam pipe is required to be previously heated, this may be
done by passing it into the valve G through a pipe leading from a heating
apparatus of any suitable kind. It is obvious that the Invention may be thus
applied to the pipes issuing from boilers employed for various uses, and that
the volume of the elastic fluid passing through such pipes may be increased
by the addition thereto of a constant supply of atmospheric air or other
clastic fluid.
H, Figure 5, is a nozzle or conical tube, intended to be connected at its
smaller end to the steam pipe leading from the boiler of an engine, such
smaller end of the tubo or nozzle having apertures I formed in it, as shewn.
This end of the tube is enclosed in a jacket or box K, having in it a valve L,
through which a cold fluid is introduced. by means of the apertures I into tho
tube H, and a partial condensation of the steam from the steam pipe effected.
At the larger end of the tube H is screwed a vessel or chamber M, in which
is contained a set of conical tubes N and N*, arranged with their smaller ends
brought together, so that the steam may enter the larger ends of the tubes N
and pass out of the larger ends of the tubes N* to the portion of the steam
pipe leading to the steam cylinder. These tubes N and N* may be of any
convenient number and variously arranged. The chamber M. is enclosed in a
jacket, having in it a valve O, through which heated air is admitted to the
tubes N in the said chamber through the apertures P. By this means the
steam as it passes along the pipes N* becomes expanded.
The operation of this apparatus is as follows:-The steam on entering the
tube or nozzle H from the part of the steam pipe leading from the boiler
absorbs into it the cold air entering through the apertures I, and becoming
partially condensed thereby, a greater volume will be made to pass along
the said tube and into the tube N. When, however, the steam enters the
tubes N, it will come in contact with the heated air passing through the
apertures P, and will thus become expanded as it issues from the larger
ends of the tubes N* on its passage to that part of the steam pipe leading

page_text: to the steam cylinder. In this manner an increased effect will be imparted
to the steam or vapour as a motive fluid before it enters the steam cylinder.
The same principle or mode of supplying air may be also adapted and applied
to other engines or apparatus in which other clastic fluids besides steam
are used.
Fig. 7 represents another modification of the Invention, in which the draft
of an elastic fluid is made to pass into a tube with apertures in it, enclosed by
a pipe or tube, through which a volume of air or other elastic fluid is intended
to be passed. Qis the external pipe, through which air or other elastic fluid
is intended to be passed; and R is the internal pipe or tube, with perforations
or apertures in it at S.
The volume of air or other elastic fluid forced along the pipe Q, and another
current of elastic fluid passing into the internal pipe R, as indicated by the
arrows, produce a combined effect, from the union of the two currents of elastic
fluid at the smaller or perforated end of the internal pipe R. It is obvious
that a similar effect may be produced by a current of elastic fluid forced through
an internal pipe, carrying with it at its exit therefrom another current of clastic
fluid through the external pipe, the pipes being adapted in construction and
arrangement to suit such change.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I would remark that it is not confined to the modes
of applying it which are described above; but I claim, under the above in part
recited Letters Patent, the improvements in blowing apparatus and engines in
which air and other clastic fluids are used, by which the volume and effect as
motive agents of the air and other elastic fluids are increased by means of the
introduction of air or other elastic fluid into the apparatus or engines (without
a corresponding expenditure of mechanical power), as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Henry Tuck, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Sixteenth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
WILLIAM SPENCE,
50, Chancery Lane,
Patent Agent.
J. H. TUCK. (L.S.)