Improvements in Forges.
Year: 1895

page_text: TRUVIDIONAL SEMIFICATION.
Improvements in Forges.
1, WILLIAM Ross, of 1570 Ontario Street, in the City of Montreal, in the
District of Montreal, and Province of Quebec, Dominion of Canada, Superintendent
of Bridge Building, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has for its object to produce a blacksmith's forge of simple and
durable construction, and one that will be much more effective than those at present
in use, and portable.
To such ends the invention consists in a body, frame, or support preferably
composed of an open-ended metal cylinder length, having the fire-pot or receptacle
for the fuel at its upper end, such fire-pot being enclosed in a boxing to provide a
hot air chamber about such fire-pot.
A number of tuyeres are so carried that one end of each will project into the
hot air chamber and the other end into the fire space.
A tubular guide, located with one end open and communicating with such hot
air chamber and its other end capped and supported near the lower end of the
body, carries a stationary hollow piston about centrally of its length and is
perforated to communicate with the interior of such piston.
Two check valves are carried by such piston and arranged to remain closed when
the forge is not in use but to automatically open and close during operation, and a
movable air pumping cylinder with closed ends is fitted over the hollow piston
and so mounted as to be caused to slide up and down the tubular guides by suitable
lever mechanism, each closed end of the cylinder being provided with a check
valve.
As the pumping cylinder is caused to slide upward the valves in the lower side
of the piston and upper end of the cylinder will open and the valves in the upper
side of the piston and lower end of the cylinder remain closed, thus forcing the
air contained in the space between the lower side of the piston and lower end of
the cylinder through such piston, tubular guide, hot air chamber, and tuyeres, to
the fire; and at the sanie time cause the corresponding space between the
upper side of the piston and upper end of the cylinder to be filled with air
which will in turn be forced into the fire upon the cylinder being caused to slide
downward.
Dated this 6th day of September 1895.

page_text: Improvements in Forges.
1, WILLIAM Ross, of 1570 Ontario Street, in the City of Montreal, in the
District of Montreal, and Province of Quebec, Dominion of Canada, Superintendent
of Bridge Building, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:―
This invention has for its object to produce a blacksmith's forge of simple and
durable construction and one that will be much more effective than those at
present in use, and portable.
To such ends the invention consists in the matters hereinafter set forth, and
pointed out in the appended claims.
In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one practicable and desirable
form in which my invention may be embodied, Figure 1 is a side elevation partly
breken away of a forge constructed according to my invention Figure 2 a vertical
section of same; and Figure 3 a plan view thereof.
As a body, frame, or support I prefer to use an open ended metal cylinder
length a, which stands on end and carries at its upper end the fire pot or receptacle
for the fuel, the bottom of which is also preferably constructed of a flanged ring
secured by bolts to the cylinder frame, and a flanged fire pot section proper b 2
held against the underside of the ring by means of bolts c serving to secure a
boxing e in place so as to enclose the fire pot section 62 and provide a hot air
chamber 2 about same, the edges of the boxing fitting against the flanges of the
section and thus holding the latter in place.
The side of the fire pot section 62 is perforated to allow of a number of removable
tuyeres 3 being located therein and secured in place by screw 64 passing through
eyes in lugs thereon, the tugeres being in the form of short tubular sections
horizontally and radially placed as shown and preferably howed so that their ends
are turned upward. The outer ends of the tuyeres are stopped and inlets 65
provided in their upper sides for the entrance of air while the inner ends direct the
air at the desired angle centrally of the fire, the bowed or curved form of the
tuyeres serving to arrest any dust that might enter and allow of its being blown
out thus preventing its entrance to the pumping mechanism.
Extending between this boxing e¹ and a transverse bar or support d carried by
the frame uear the bottom thereof and perforated to receive it, is a tubular
guide e located centrally of the apparatus and with its upper end passing through
an aperture in the boxing d so as to be in open communication with the hot air
chamber c2 and its lower end closed by a cap el which latter with jam nuts e 2 e 3
serves to retain it in place.
The tubular guide e carries about centrally of its length a stationary hollow
piston preferably formed of two discs ƒ ƒ³ secured together by bolts 2 and the
one flanged and having a hub portion 3 through which it is secured to the
guide e by a pin passing through both hub and guide. The tubular guide is
perforated at h to communicate with the interior of the piston and the discs f¹ of
the latter are each perforated and provided with a check valve k respectively,
which valves are both normally closed when the forge is not in use but each
alternately opened and closed during operation as will be described further on.
A movable air pumping cylinder is fitted over the hollow piston, being mounted
to slide up and down the tubular guide e and operated by means to be presently
described. The cylinder is preferably formed of end pieces or heads m² m 2 and a
cylindrical side or body piece m formed integral with the end piece m² and the

page_text: whole held firmly together by means of bolts m 3, each end piece being formed with
a hub portion n and if desired provided with a stuffing box as shown at n' and also
perforated and having a check valve p' p 2 respectively, adapted to operate as will
be presently described.
The pumping cylinder is operated preferably by means of a hand lever
fulcrumed at r to a bracket at the top of the frame a and connected by a rod s with
the outer end of a second levert projecting through a slot in the frame a and
having its inner end pivotally connected as at u with the interior of the frame, the
pumping cylinder being pivotally connected with the central portion of the lever
which is looped to encircle the tubular guide e.
As an auxiliary device for the purpose of starting the cylinder in its downward
movement a coiled spring encircling the guide between the boxing c¹ and the
top of the pumping cylinder, as shown at v, may be employed.
In operation the up and down movement of the pumping cylinder will cause
air to alternately enter the cylinder chambers A, B, on either side of the piston,
the check valve being open as the cylinder ascends and closed as it descends
and the valve p2 being closed as the cylinder ascends and open as it descends,
while the valve k in the piston is closed as the cylinder ascends and open as it
descends, and the valve k¹ open as the cylinder ascends and closed as it
descends, the drawings illustrating the operation of the various valves as the
cylinder descends.
It will thus be seen that in ascending the chamber A of the pumping cylinder
receives and becomes filled with air while the air in chamber B is forced through
the valve into the hollow piston and thence through the tubular guide to the
chamber c2 surrounding the fire pot proper, where it can be heated before
passing through the tuyeres to the fuel, while in descending the same action is
repeated reversely, fresh air entering chamber B and the air in chamber A being
forced to the tuyeres.
If desired, a large number of fire pots could be blown from a single
pumping mechanism of the construction shown, and preferably operated by steam
or other power, as it would only be necessary to connect the several air chambers c 2
by conductors as indicated by dotted lines in Figure 2.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a forge, the combination of a frame or support, a fuel receptacle or fire
pot, an air conductor in communication with said receptacle or fire pot, a stationary
hollow piston carried by said conductor communicating therewith and provided
with valve controlled inlets, a movable cylinder encircling and enclosing such
piston, provided with valve controlled inlets and adapted to receive and force
air into said piston and means for actuating such cylinder for the purpose set
forth.
2. In a forge, the combination of a frame or support, a fuel receptacle or fire
pot, an air conductor extending vertically beneath said receptacle or fire pot and
communicating with same, a stationary hollow piston carried by said air conductor
with its inner space in communication with the inner space of such conductor and
provided with valve controlled inlets, and a moveable cylinder encircling and
enclosing such piston, provided with valve controlled inlets and adapted to receive
and force air into said piston with means for actuating such cylinder for the purpose
set forth.
3. In a forge, blower mechanism comprising a tubular air conductor, a movable
cylinder, a stationary piston or diaphragm carried by the conductor eucircled and
enclosed by the cylinder and serving to divide the cylinder into two chambers
acting alternately to receive and compress air, valve controlled inlets to each chamber
of the cylinder, and valve controlled inlets from each chamber of the cylinder to
the air conductor, for the purpose set forth.

page_text: 4. In a forge, a fuel receptacle or fire-pot having tuyeres extending through its
sides for the purpose set forth.
5. In a forge, the combination of a frame or support a fuel receptacle or fire
pot, an air conductor in communication with said receptacle or fire pot, an intact
stationary hollow piston of enclosing rigid cylindrical form, carried by said
conductor communicating therewith, and provided with an inlet in each end
thereof and a separate and independently operating valve for each inlet a movable
cylinder encircling and enclosing such piston, provided with valve controlled inlets
and adapted to receive and force air into said piston and means for actuating such
cylinder for the purpose set forth.
6. In a forge, the combination of a frame or support, a fuel receptacle or fire
pot, an air conductor extending vertically beneath said receptacle or fire pot and
communicating with same, an intact stationary hollow piston of enclosing rigid
cylindrical formn carried by said air conductor with its inner space in communication
with the inner space of such conductor and provided with an inlet in each end
thereof and a separate and independently operating valve for each inlet and a
movable cylinder encircling and enclosing such piston, provided with valve
controlled inlets and adapted to receive and force air into said piston with
means for actuating such cylinder, for the purpose set forth.
7. In a forge, the combination with a fuel receptacle or fire pot, of a chamber
encircling same and blower mechanism comprising a tubular air conductor com-
municating with said chamber, a movable cylinder, an intact stationary piston or
diaphragm of enclosing cylindrical form, comprising discs fand f¹, the latter with
integral side forming flange and bolts 2 for securing said discs together, carried
by the conductor, encircled and enclosed by the cylinder and serving to divide the
cylinder into two chambers acting alternately to receive and compress air, valve
controlled inlets to each chamber of the cylinder and valve controlled inlets
from each chamber of the cylinder to the piston, for the purpose set forth.
8. In a forge, a fuel receptacle or fire pot having tuyeres extending through
its sides, the tuyeres being curved and placed with their convex side undermost,
for the purpose set forth.
9. In a forge, a fuel receptacle or fire pot having tuyeres extending through its
sides, the tuyeres being curved and placed with their convex side undermost their
inner ends open and their outer ends closed and inlets in the uppermost side of
same near the closed ends for the purpose set forth.
10. The tuyere of curved form and with open and closed form and an inlet in
the concave side thereof near the closed end, for the purpose set forth.
| Dated this 6th day of June 1896.
Dated this 6th day of June 1896.
W. ROSS,
Per W. H. Beck,
115 Cannon Street, London, E.C., Agent.