Improvements in Electric Telephonic Apparatus.
Year: 1892

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Electric Telephonic Apparatus.
I, EDWARD MARSHALL HARRISON, M.D., of Fort Smith, in the County of
Sebastian, and State of Arkansas, United States of America, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in electric telephonic apparatus, and
embraces various improved devices as will be hereinafter specifically described and
pointed out in the claims.
The objects of the invention are: first, to make the telephone case as strong,
compact, durable, and easy of access to its interior as possible; second, to improve
the shape of the carbon electrodes and rod so as to facilitate the instantaneous
starts and stops of the diaphragm, also to provide a new and improved frame for
my diaphragm to rest in without being screwed, nailed, or clamped down, thereby
allowing its extreme ends and edges free to vibrate; third, to provide improvements
in the transmitter by means of which the resistance to the flow of the galvanic
current through the phonetic transmitter is reduced to the minimum, and by which
the diaphragm may be adjusted so as to increase or decrease the pressure of the
hammer electrode upon the anvil or pendent electrodes according to the requirements
of the case; fourth, to provide a new and improved electro-phonetic motor or
receiver, whereby the volume of the sonorous sounds and vibrations, and also its
quality, are increased, the tones and quality being soft and clear; fifth, to provide
an improved battery cut-out or switch and the method of connecting my electric
combination one with the other as hereinafter described; sixth, to provide a new
and improved lightning arrester for protecting the apparatus against lightning or
any strong currents of electricity; and also to provide certain details of construction
for connecting my electrical devices one with another to form an improved operative
telephonic apparatus as hereinafter described.
I will now describe my invention in detail by reference to the accompanying
drawings, in which,
Fig. 1 represents a front elevation of the telephone box or case with the doors
thrown open, showing the different devices in position.
Fig. 2 represents a top plan view of the phonetic motor or receiver having the
top cover removed.
Fig. 3 represents a longitudinal section thereof;
Figs. 4 and 5 represent plan views respectively of the short and long diaphragms
of the receiver.
Fig. 6 represents a plan view of the wooden phonetic transmitter diaphragm,
provided with the transverse wooden bridge.
Fig. 7 represents a vertical section of the phonetic transmitter as applied to the
door or one of the walls of the telephone case.
Fig. 8 represents a front view of the transmitter frame.
Fig. 9 represents a vertical section of the phonetic transmitter showing a slight
modification in the means for supporting the diaphragm.
Fig. 10 represents a transverse section of the phonetic transmitter.
Fig. 11 represents a vertical section on enlarged scale of the phonetic motor or
receiver.
Figs. 12 and 13 represent respectively, a vertical section and a top plan view of
a modified form of receiver.
Figs. 14 and 15 represent, respectively, top plan views of the short and long
diaphragms of the modified receiver.

page_text: Fig. 16 is a partly broken section in front elevation on the back board of a
telephone case having my electrical cut-out attached thereto.
Fig. 17 is a vertical section in side elevation of the same.
The enclosing telephone box or case A, is composed of two side walls, A1, A2,
and a suitable bottom A³ applied to a back board D. which projects up a short
distance above the top of the case for the purpose of receiving the electrical
cut-out and binding post of the line wires. The upper front corners of side
walls A1, A2, are cut off diagonally, to provide for arranging the upper door B in
an inclined position, and said door is united to the top of the case by hinges a a, as
shown in Fig. 1. A flat bent strip, is connected with one leaf of each of the
hinges a and they bear at their outer ends upon metallic plates for making electrical
connections. Below door B, the front of the case is closed by a vertical door C,
connected to one of the side walls by hinges c¹. Flat bent metallic strips el, are
connected with the hinges for making electrical connections when the door C is
closed. The front edge of door B is formed with a rabbet b, adapted to receive
the upper angular edge of the lower door C, and make a tight joint therewith for
excluding dust. The door B having been shut down, the door C when closed and
locked will hold the upper door in place. As will be seen in Fig. 1, a ringer T is
applied to the under side of the door B, and the phonetic transmitter is secured to
the inside of door C, and is provided with a conical mouth piece c in its centre so
that when such doors are thrown open the parts may be readily inspected and
cleaned or repaired.
My phonetic transmitter is mounted in a suitable frame, and is secured to the
inside of the door C, over its mouth piece c, as shown in Figs. 1 and 6.
The transmitter frame B is independent of the diaphragm and is composed of
the parallel side bars E', the cross bars E", at top and bottom, and the pivoted
bottom bar, E. The bar E" is pivotally connected at its ends near its lower
edge to the side bars E', so that its upper edge can be adjusted out and in by means
of the set screw el, as shown in Fig. 6. This adjustable bar or lever serves for
adjusting the diaphragm out or in, so as to increase or decrease the pressure of the
hammer electrode upon the pendant anvil electrodes according to the different
requirements. To the upper ends of the side bars E', I secure two brackets e, e,
which are perforated transversely for receiving and holding the pivotal rod e',
which supports the pendant electrodes G, as shown in Figs. 1 and 7. These
electrodes are provided with transverse holes near their upper ends, through which
is passed the pivotal rod, e¹, which rests at its ends in the brackets e. On one of
the brackets e, next to the upper hinge c', I secure a washer e', for making electrical
connection with said hinge and thence to an induction coil, and on the side bar E'
of the frame, adjacent to the lower hinge c¹ I secure a second washer e", for making
electrical connection through the hinge to the binding post ., of battery X. The
frame is secured to door C by means of screws. The diaphragm F, of the
phonetic transmitter is composed of a single piece of thin wood, or its equivalent,
about the twenty-fourth of an inch thick, and of a peculiar elliptical shape, having
elongated portions ff at the ends of its long axis or at the arches of the ellipse, as
shown in Figs. 1 and 6, and it rests on rubber cushions h', ', which permit its
free and instantaneous vibration. The diaphragm is lightly supported in its frame,
with its elongated ends f,f, resting on the rubber cushions h₁₁ by means of the
flat springs h, at top and bottom, which springs are secured at their ends to the
frame, as shown in Figs. 1 and 8. Instead of supporting the diaphragm by means
of the flat springs, I may support it by means of flexible rubber cushions, h",
which are attached at one end to the frame, and at the other end to the diaphragm
at top and bottom of the frame, as shown in Fig. 9, and I have found this latter
arrangement to give satisfactory results in practice.
A transverse wooden bridge f¹ is secured to about the middle portion of the
diaphragm and has outwardly flaring ends as shown in Fig. 9. In practice the
bridge is about two and one half inches long at its top surface, and only about
Que and one half inches long at its bottom surface, for the purpose of better

page_text: protecting the transverse carbon rod or hammer electrode f", which is applied to
its upper surface. The transverse electrode f" is made triangular in cross section,
preferably in the form of an equilateral triangle, and is glued at one of its flat
surfaces to the wooden bridge f¹, so that one of its sharp edges shall be presented
to the flat surfaces of the pendant anvil electrodes, thereby providing a clean,
sharp, contact surface, which prevents accumulation of dust and dirt.
As shown in Figs. 7 and 10 the pendant electrodes G, are made flat on one side
at or near their lower ends g for the purpose of increasing their contact surfaces
against the transverse hammer electrode f". The effect of this construction and of
the triangular transverse electrode is to reduce the resistance to the flow of the
galvanic current and produce clear and perfect vibrations in the receiver, free from
overtones.
By making the diaphragm of my transmitter independent of the anvil electrodes,
the brackets and the frame, I am enabled to give the maximum motion to the
lower ends of the anvil electrodes and the minimum motion to the upper ends
thereof, whereby improved results are secured.
By having relieved the diaphragm of the great weight of the electrodes G and
brackets e e, I thereby on producing sudden starts and stops of the diaphragm F
from whatever cause, give the maximum motion to the lower ends of the anvil
electrodes only, and the minimum to their upper ends. I claim this to be of great
advantage over any of the Hughes transmitters, where the anvil and hammer
electrodes are both mounted on the diaphragm and the motion given to both ends
of the anvil electrodes alike and at the same time.
The carbon electrodes G hang from their pivotal rod e¹ nearly perpendicular,
with their lower ends lightly resting on the transverse electrodes f", making a
loose connection between such parts, which can therefore be easily put into motion
by the least vibration of the diaphragm. By means of the adjustable bar E, of
the frame, and its adjusting screw the lower end of the diaphragm may be
raised or lowered, thereby increasing or decreasing the gravity of the carbon
electrodes G, according to the requirements under different condition.
The air put in motion on entering the case, through the conical mouth-piece
escapes freely above and below the lateral arches of the elliptical diaphragms,
thereby obviating the rebounds of air which would otherwise occur and which
produce overtones and interfere with the instantaneous starts and stops of the
diaphragm in the transmission of sounds.
It is evident that by means of my construction and arrangement of the
diaphragm, so as to be independent of the anvil electrodes and the brackets
which support them, such diaphragm is much more sensitive and freer to vibrate
by slight phonetic impulses, and therefore acts most effectively through the
medium of its transverse rod or hammer electrode upon the anvil electrodes G.
I do not claim as my invention the discovery of a new current of electricity, I
simply utilize the long known galvanic current of 1787 and Faraday's induced
current of 1837, those two distinct and separate currents are used on two separate
and distinct circuits. First, a short circuit 1. 2. this is a local circuit, which the
galvanic current flows over, passing from battery X to the transmitter electrodes G,
thence through the primary coil back to the battery X.
My electric phonetic motor or receiver is illustrated in Figs. 2 to 5, inclusive,
and is best shown on enlarged scale in Fig. 11. For ordinary use the receiver is
preferably made with an elongated handle, as shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 11.
The case of the receiver M, is composed of wood or hard rubber, and is
cover M' with ear
preferably provided with a double bottom m, m', and a
pieces m
Internally the case is provided with two electro magnetic coils N, N¹, secured to
the side and at the opposite ends of the permanent steel har magnet O, which bar
is clamped to the bottom of the case, by means of the wooden strip o', and screws
passing through it into the bottom piece m. The adjusting screw o is passed

page_text: through the bottom of the case and bears against the permanent magnet O, for
adjusting it and the electro magnets. The top cover M' and ear piece ml, are
slightly recessed at their inner surfaces for forming, in connection with the long
diaphragm n, a shallow sounding chamber o The ear piece ml is preferably
recessed deeper than the remaining portion of the cover, as shown in Fig. 11.
In the construction of my diaphragm I provide two ferro-type plates, one a long
plate n, extending from end to end of the case and resting at its edges on the top
of the case, below the cover, and being in contact at its elongated end with the
electro magnet N', at the south end of the permanent magnet; and the other plate n
placed at the receiver end of the case below the ear piece and in contact with
the electro magnet N, at the north end of the permanent magnet. The plate n' is
provided with two or more circumferential projections, as shown in Figs. 4
and 14, by means of which it is supported on the top edges of the walls of the
case, (as indicated by dotted lines in Figs. 2 and 13) thereby leaving its edges free
to vibrate. The two plates and ' are insulated one from the other by a piece of
soft tissue paper n, silk, or other suitable material. The object of the long
diaphragm n is to increase the intensity of the vibrations. By means of the inner
diaphragm, having free edges as described, the sonorous sounds and vibrations are
increased and by means of the above described arrangement of the outer long
diaphragm and the inner diaphragm with insulating material between them, the
objectionable overtones and metallic sounds usually present, or usually occurring in
the receiver, are practically done away with and much more satisfactory results
secured. The tones and quality are made soft and clear. The construction and
arrangement of the different parts of the receiver are important features of my
invention.
In order to provide an electro phonetic motor or receiver which shall be more
compact and convenient in use, I construct it in the short or circular form illus-
trated in Figs. 12 to 15 inclusive. This form is more particularly adapted for use
of attendants at the switch board, in fire alarm boxes, &c. In this form of
receiver the permanent steel magnet is bent at right angles, forming a horizontal
leg O, and a vertical leg O', and to the end of the horizontal leg is applied the
two electro magnets N, N1, and the end of leg O' is brought into contact with the
outer or long plate n of the diaphragm, which plate is clamped between the edges
of the case and the cover M'. The inner plate n' of the diaphragm is constructed
and applied as heretofore described, and between the two plates is placed the
insulating material ". Binding posts 6 and 7 are secured to the case of the
receiver and are connected internally to the electro magnetic coils. The wooden
clamping strip o in Figs. 2, 3, and 11, is grooved on its sides, as indicated by dotted
lines, for the passage of the connecting wires. An eye in is secured to the
elongated end of the case for hanging the receiver upon the hook of the telephone
switch bar P, as shown in Fig. 1.
ი
When the instantaneous alternating intermittent flashes of electricity from an
induction coil H reach the receiver they pass through the two coils N N' and
therefore exert a magnetic force upon the iron ferro-type plates nn in front of
them, which is held in a permanent state of attraction by the contact of the
permanent magnet O when these instantaneous flashes of electricity in the coils N N¹
are in such a direction as to assist the attraction of the steel magnet O, the ferro-
type plates n n' are drawn nearer; and when it is in the opposite direction and so
opposes this attraction, the plates n' move farther away. The succession of
alternating flashes of electricity then produces instantaneous starts and stops or
vibrations in the ferro-type plate n n' precisely similar to the instantaneous starts
and stops of the phonetic diaphragm F so that sounds emitted by the receiving
plate nare similar to these sounds actuating the transmitter. From this it will be
seen that the transmitter acts as a generator converting the instantaneous starts
and stops or mechanical energy of the diaphragm Finto induced or Faradaic
electrical energy, while the receiver acts as an electro-phonetic motor, converting

page_text: electrical energy, of the main line into mechanical vibrations or instantaneous
starts and stops of the ferro-type plate n n'. The tones or sounds themselves then,
it will be noticed, are not transmitted from one point to the other.
In order to save the battery when not in use I provide at some convenient part
of the primary circuit a cut-out or switch P, jkl, the form which I prefer on
account of its simplicity and trustworthiness in these connections. It consists of
a long metal bar P, having a hook p' at its outer end and at its inner end a thin
horizontal piece of metal p" tempered very hard. The bar P is pivoted near its
inner end to the socket 7 of the escutcheon Q. The upper part of the escutcheon
is elongated in the form of a tube or cylinder 7' which contains a stiff spiral
spring d, secured at the top by the binding screw d to the wall of the case and
engaging at its lower end with switch bar P, and serving to pull the hook end of
said bar up when the weight is removed therefrom. The ground connection 3' of
the line wire is made fast to the upper end of the escutcheon by binding screw d
giving three easy courses for the induced flashes of electricity to pass over, first,
from the binding screw down the spring to the switch bar P; second, from the
binding screw d' down the escutcheon to the switch bar P at its junction near the
spring; third, down the back of the escutcheon to the pivot j', and thence through
bar P to either of the switch springs j, k or l.
The switch springs k represent the terminals of the primary and line circuits.
If the receiver is removed from hook p' the spiral spring will raise bar P thereby
shifting the metal contact piece p" from spring j to springs thus cutting out the
magneto bell ringer T and connecting into circuit the battery X to the phonetic
transmitter and the phonetic motor or receiver M to the line wire 4.
My electrical cut-out, illustrated in Figs. 16 and 17, is applied to the back
board D of the telephone case, just above the bells. It is composed of two brass
plates, provided with deep notches 'y', and a diamond shaped central
plate c", all of which plates are secured by means of screws to the back board D.
The central diamond shaped plate is termed the "ground plate."
Two binding
posts a al for the line wires, pass through the outer ends of plates, and are
secured in the back board D. A third binding post a", is made fast to the centre
of plate for attachment of the ground wires.
Four holes or sockets 1, 2, 3, 4, are inade in the plates 6, 6, and c", and back
board D, for insertion of a metallic plug for changing the direction of the current,
and cutting out any one or all of the three connecting telephones. A metallic
plug, inserted at hole 1, cuts out this telephone; if inserted at 2, it cuts out the
left hand telephone; if inserted at 3, it cuts out the right hand telephone; if
inserted at 4 it cuts out all three telephones.
The cut-out serves to protect the internal devices of the telephone from lightning
or any strong current of electricity.
In addition to the above described electrical cut-out, I provide a secret lightning
arrester Z, which is secured to the inner edge of the cover B, between the hinges a a
and it consists of two small metallic strips, one of which is pointed and the
other of which is notched, the pointed end being placed within the notched end, as
shown in Fig. 1. The metallic strips are in contact with the hinges a, and
serve to cut out the ringer in case of lightning.
The flat curved springs 61, connected with one leaf of each of the hinges serve
to perfect the electrical connections when door B is closed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. A telephone case provided with a fixed top piece, an upper inclined door
hinged at its inner edge to said top piece and having a rabbeted or recessed outer
edge, and with a front lower door hinged to one of the side walls of the case and
fitting at its top inner edge into the rabbet of said inclined door, making a tight
joint therewith, whereby the case may be fully opened for inspection and the

page_text: as described.
and lower foot and must excluded, substantially
2. A telephone case provided with a fixed top piece, the upper inclined door B
hinged to said top piece and having a rabbeted outer or front edge, said case being
also provided with a lower door C, fitting at its upper edge into the rabbet of
door B and having secured to its inner side the phonetic transmitter, substantially
as described.
3. In a phonetic transmitter the diaphragm having an elliptical shape, in
combination with means for supporting it and leaving its edges free, substantially
as described.
4. In a phonetic transmitter, the diaphragm of an elliptical shape, with narrow
extensions at the ends of the long axis, in combination with supporting devices, the
edges of the diaphragm being left free, substantially as described.
5. In combination with a frame, an elliptical diaphragm having extensions at the
ends of its long axis resting on the frame and supporting springs bearing on said
extensions, substantially as described.
6. In combination with a frame, an elliptical diaphragın, cushions interposed
between its ends and said frame, and supporting springs bearing on the ends of the
diaphragm above said cushions, substantially as described.
7. In combination with a frame, an elliptical diaphragm resting at its ends on
the frame and having a transverse bridge and carbon rod electrode, and springs
adapted to hold the diaphragm in the frame, substantially as described.
8. A frame provided with side brackets at its upper ends having pivotally
supported therein the pendant carbon electrodes, in combination with the elliptical
diaphragm supported at its ends in said frame and provided with a transverse bridge
and carbon rod electrode in contact with said pendant electrodes, substantially as
described.
9. The combination in a telephone switch, of a swinging metallic bar or lever
having secured to its inner end a thin horizontal metallic bar, an escutcheon having
an upper cylindrical end, and a socket 7 having a pivotal eye, a strong spiral
spring in said cylindrical end for the purpose of pulling the switch lever up, said
bar being pivotally connected to said socket, and three flat springs to make the
different connections with the horizontal bar as the switch lever is moved up and
down, substantially as described.
10. In a phonetic transmitter, the diaphragm, having a transverse bridge and a
carbon electrode, secured to said bridge, and provided with a sharp contact edge,
and secured to said bridge for making contact with the pendant anvil electrodes,
substantially as described."
11. In a phonetic transmitter, the carbon hammer electrode having a sharp
contact edge and secured to the diaphragm, in combination with pendant electrodes
having flat contact surfaces at their lower ends, substantially as described.
12. In a phonetic transmitter the frame provided with an adjustable transverse
bar, in combination with the diaphragm resting at one end upon said bar,
substantially as described.
13. In combination with the transmitter frame, the elliptical diaphragm, and
supporting cushions ", " connected at one of their ends to the diaphragm and at
their other ends to the frame, substantially as described.
14. In an electro phonetic motor or receiver, an octagon or circular diaphragm
plate with a long projection extending the full length of the receiver case, with the
small or projected end of the plate in contact with the electro magnet at the lower
end of the case, substantially as described.
15. In an electro phonetic motor or receiver, the combination with the permanent
magnet and an electro magnet of a diaphragm plate having circumferential
projections by which it is supported in the case, leaving its circumferential edges
free to vibrate, substantially as described.
16. In combination with the permanent magnet, a long diaphragm plate, in
contact with one pole of said magnet, a second diaphragm plate provided with

page_text: circumferential projections by which it is supported in the case leaving its edges
free to vibrate, and an electro magnet between said plate and the permanent
magnet, substantially as described.
17. In combination with the permanent magnet and one or more electro magnets,
a long diaphragm plate, a short diaphragm plate and a layer of insulating material
between them, substantially as described.
18. In a receiver, the combination with the permanent magnet and one or more
electro magnets of a long diaphragm plate, extending from end to end of the case,
a cover, and a long shallow sounding chamber between said long plate and cover,
substantially as described.
19. In combination with the telephone case, a cut-out composed of two outer
plates, having notches y'y' at their adjacent ends and an interior diamond shaped
plate arranged in said notches, and having a binding post for the ground wires,
substantially as described.
20. In combination with the telephone case, a cut-out for cutting out the ringer,
composed of two metallic strips respectively notched, and pointed, secured to the
hinges and located between the edge of the door and case, substantially as described.
Dated this 13th day of Sentember 1892.
F. W. BARKER,
Applicant's Agent.

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Sept., 1892-Accepted, 19th Aug., 1893
CODIT LEIE DI DUITIATION
Improvements in Induction Coils.
I, EDWARD MARSHALL HARRISON, M.D., of Fort Smith, in the County of
Sebastian, and State of Arkansas, United States of America, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in induction coils and its objects are to
reinforce the secondary coil, increase the intensity and thereby secure improved
results.
1 will now proceed to describe my invention referring to the accompanying
drawings, in which,
Figure 1 is a side elevation of an induction coil embodying my improvements.
Figure 2 is a central longitudinal section of the same.
Referring to the drawings the coil is shown as composed of the usual spool A
having a central longitudinal opening filled with soft iron rods a, the wooden core
being first wrapped with the usual primary coil B, the end wire of which is carried
out through the ends of the spool and afterwards applied to the induction coil, as
hereinafter explained. Around the primary coil is applied a wrapping of paper or
thin card board, after which there is applied the secondary coil C containing as a
new and additional feature the insulated flat iron rings a' which divide it into
sections for the purpose of reinforcing said secondary coil. One, two, or any
desired number of such rings may be used for increasing the intensity of the
secondary coil. When wrapping this coil, one section is preferably wrapped to the
full thickness, and there is placed against such section a flat iron ring a', then
the next section is wrapped, filling the spool.
The sectional coils of the secondary coil are connected together either by means
of a continuous wire being used, or the ends of the wires at adjacent sections, are
united over the rings a'. After the completion of the secondary coil, with its rings
in position, a wrapping of paper or card board is applied and then one end of the
primary coil B is carried around from the first wrapping and is coiled or wound in
a single layer B' around the secondary coil, and then its free end is connected
through the transmitter with the battery.
The other end of the primary coil K is connected with the battery through the
switch.
The induction coil is finally covered with binding cloth or other suitable material.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In an induction coil, the secondary coil composed of sections of coils and
interposed soft iron rings for increasing the intensity of the secondary coil, sub-
stantially as described.
2. In an induction coil, the secondary coil composed of sections of coils and
interposed soft iron rings for increasing the intensity of the secondary coil, in
combination with the primary coil wound on the spool inside of the secondary and
also on the outside of the secondary for evenly distributing the galvanic current,
substantially as described.
3. The improvements in induction coils substantially as and for the purposes
hereinbefore described set forth and illustrated in the drawings annexed.
Dated this 13th day of September 1892.
F. W. BARKER,
Applicant's Agent.

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Sept., 1892-Accepted, 9th Sept., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Magneto Electric Generators.
I, EDWARD MARSHALL HARRISON, M.D., of Fort Smith, in the County of
Sebastian, and State of Arkansas, United States of America, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in magneto electric generators whereby
alternating currents of increased strength are produced, so as to overcome the
resistance of the line, thereby producing a clear and sharp ring of the call bell.
The matter constituting my invention will appear hereunder.
Referring to the drawings, which form a part of this Specification,
Fig. 1, is a right side elevation of my improved form of magneto electric
generator, and,
Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the generator partly in section.
My improved generator as illustrated in the above figures is composed of two
pairs of horse-shoe magnets A A¹ which rest at their lower ends upon a brass
bottom plate a. In each pair one of the magnets is arranged within the other, and
the two pairs are separated a short distance apart as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. At
the lower ends and inner sides of the interior magnets are attached the small
plates or projections bb having curved upper edges arranged nearly in line with the
arc which would be described by the armatures c at the ends of the electro
magnets.
The two brass side plates B B' are placed adjacent to the sides of the horse
shoe magnets and serve for supporting the upper and lower shafts d and C. The
upper power shaft d is provided with a large toothed gear wheel D which meshes
with the pinion e and also with a spiral spring f which bears against the two side
plates as shown in Fig. 2. Shaft d is also provided with a crank or handle g. By
means of the spiral spring the shaft d may be pushed in, so that the spur wheel Ď
shall leave the contacts. The lower shaft C is supported in bearings in the brass
plates B B and is provided at its outer end with pinion e and at its inner end with
the commutator E.
At about the middle portion of shaft C there are secured four spools or electro
magnets chaving at their outer ends the armatures made of soft iron. The
spools are arranged upon the shaft radially, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. In
constructing the commutator the shaft C is formed with four radial ribs i so that
in cross section it is in the shape of a cross, and the spaces between such ribs are
filled with four brass segments; having between them and the iron shaft and ribs
any suitable insulating material, as indicated by the heavy black lines in Figs. 2
and 3. The brushes k k formed of brass or copper strips and having their inner
ends curved are secured in convenient position to bear upon the commutator as best
shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
The electro magnets are wound in the usual manner with fine insulated copper
wire. One end of the wire on each spool is attached to shaft C and the other end
of the wire of each spool is attached to a separate brass segment j of the
commutator for producing the alternating currents. The brushes in contact with
the commutator take off the electric current and conduct it to wherever it is to be
used. This form of generator is very simple in construction, can be made at a
small cost, and is very effective in operation.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In a magneto electric generator, the horse-shoe magnets, a shaft extending
transversely across both legs of the horse-shoe magnets, and provided with the
radially arranged electro magnets between the legs of said horse shoe magnets, said
electro magnets having armatures at their outer ends, substantially as described.
2. In a magneto electro generator the horse-shoe magnets, the transverse iron
shaft carrying the electro magnets between the legs of said horse-shoe magnets
and having one end formed with radial ribs, between which are inserted segments
of diamagnetic metal and insulating material forming the commutator, substantially
as described.
Dated this 13th der of Santambor 1900
F. W. BARKER,
Applicant's Agent.

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Sept., 1892-Accepted, 9th Sept., 1893
Improvements in Electric Bells for Telephones and like purposes.
I, EDWARD MARSHALL HARRISON, M.D., of Fort Smith, in the County
of Sebastian, and State of Arkansas, United States of America, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My invention relates to improvements in electric bells for telephones and like
purposes whereby the construction is simplified and the bell hammer is strongly
actuated by the electric current.
I will now describe my invention referring to the accompanying drawing in
which,
Figure 1 is a transverse section of my improved bell, and,
Fig. 2 is a similar view taken on a plane at right angles to the plane of section in
Fig. 1, and looking toward the left in said fig.
When my improved bell is used in connection with telephonic apparatus, it is
preferably applied to the inner side of the door and the bells are applied to the
outside of such door. A horse-shoe magnet A is secured by one of its legs or poles
to the door by means of the soft iron bar t and the screws t¹. At each end of the
bar t, there is secured by the screws van angle piece or bracket v' of soft iron, and
the horizontal portions of such brackets are provided with end slots, not shown, by
means of which they may be moved out or in for adjusting the electro-magnets 99.
To the downwardly extending portions of brackets v are connected the two inwardly
projecting magnets or spools gg. The two electro-magnets project inwardly between
the poles of the permanent magnet and at right angles to its longitudinal axis. The
armature wis pivotally supported on a bracket w, attached to the lower pole or
leg of the horse-shoe magnet, and such armature projects up between the two
electro-magnets as shown. A rod y is attached to the upper end of the armature w",
and projects up through an opening formed in bar t, one leg of the magnet and door,
and is provided at its upper end with a hammer y', which is arranged between two
bells Y as shown in Fig. 2. The bells Y Y' are connected to the door in the usual
manner. The electro magnets divide the polarity of the permanent magnet into
right angle sections for increasing the force of the hammer against the bells, as the
alternating currents flow into and out of said electro-maguet coils.
Having now particularly described my invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :—
1. In a magneto ringer the horse-shoe magnet, having attached to one of the
legs or poles a soft iron bar, in combination with the two electro magnets supported
by said bar transversely between the two poles of the horse shoe magnet, and an
armature connected to the other pole of the horse shoe magnet and passing between
the two electro magnets, substantially as described.
2. In a magneto ringer the horse shoe magnet having attached to one of its legs
or poles a soft iron bar, adjustably slotted brackets attached to said bar, and
carrying the two electro magnets for adjusting the said magnets, substantially as
described.

page_text: 3. The improvements in electric bells for telephones and like purposes, sub-
stantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described set forth and illustrated
in the drawings annexed.
D
1
1000
F. W. BARKER,
Applicant's Agent.