AN IMPROVED DOUBLE-ACTING VENTILATOR FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGES, AND OTHER CARRIAGES AND COM- PARTMENTS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Montague Wigzell, of the Strand, Topsham, in the
County of Devon, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED DOUBLE-ACTING
VENTILATOR FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGES, AND OTHER CARRIAGES AND COM-
PARTMENTS
"
Sealed the 4th July 1862, and dated the 10th January 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Montague Wigzell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th
January 1862.
I, MONTAGUE WIGZELL, of the Strand, Topsham, in the County of Devon,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED DOUBLE-
ACTING VENTILATOR FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGES, AND OTHER CARRIAGES AND COM-
PARTMENTS," to be as follows:
My Invention relates principally to ventilating railway carriages, but is
applicable to ordinary carriages, rooms, vessels, and other compartments to
which it might be applied. It consists of two chambers or vessels, with or
without inner shutes for directing or dispersing the air, and for preventing the
rain from entering the carriage or compartment, and it has an external opening
in each chamber, so that the fresh air is admitted through one external opening
into the inner space or spaces in the apparatus, and then into the carriage, room,
or other compartment, to which it may be applied, and the hot or impure air is
made to pass out from the carriage or other compartment through the other
chamber or space in the ventilator, and is assisted in its outward passage by
the suction caused by the apparatus passing through the air or by the air

page_text: rushing past the opening through which the hot or impure air passes out from
the carriage or other compartment to which the ventilator is affixed.
The apparatus may be made of iron, tin, zinc, brass, copper, or other metal
or metallic alloy, or other material or materials, and of any shape suited to the
place or purpose for which it is intended, without deviating from the principle
of the Invention, and what I claim as my Invention, and wish to secure by
"Letters" Patent," is, the application of the double-acting ventilator, as herein
described, principally to railway carriages, but also to vessels, ordinary
carriages, omnibuses, and other compartments to which it may be made
applicable.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Montague Wigzell, in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 9th July 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MONTAGUE
WIGZELL, of the Strand, Topsham, in the County of Devon, send.greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the
year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Montague Wigzell, Iler special licence that I, the said Montague
Wigzell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Montague Wigzell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN
IMPROVED DOUBLE-ACTING VENTILATOR FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGES, AND OTHER CAR-
RIAGES AND COMPARTMENTS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Montague Wigzell, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Montague Wigzell, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be

page_text: 'performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
Mowing statement :-
My Invention relates principally to ventilating railway carriages, rooms,
vessels, and other compartments to which it may be applied. It consists of
two chambers, with or without inner shutes of wirework or perforated divisions
for directing or dispersing the air and for preventing the rain from entering the
carriage or compartment, and it has an external opening in each chamber, so
that the fresh air is admitted through one external opening into the inner space
or spaces in the apparatus and then into the carriage, room, or other compart-
ment to which it may be applied, and the hot or impure air is made to pass
out from the carriage or other compartment through the other chamber or
space in the ventilator, by being assisted in its outward passage by the suction
caused by the ventilator or apparatus passing through the air, or by the air
rushing past the opening through which the hot or impure air passes out from
the carriage or other compartment to which the ventilator is affixed.
This ventilator or apparatus may be made with one or more chambers for
the ingress or egress of fresh or foul air, and the parts may be placed separately
or together on one or more parts of a carriage or compartment, so as to form a
double acting ventilator, the object being to draw out the impure air whilst
the fresh air is being admitted into the carriage or compartment.
The apparatus or its parts may be made of iron, tin, zinc, brass, copper, or
other metal or metallic alloy, or any other material or materials that may be
found best, and they may be of any shape suited to the place or purpose for
which they are required without deviating from the principal of this my
Invention.
This apparatus, which is cheap and simple, will produce any amount of
ventilation in the carriages without causing a draught to the inconvenience of
the passengers, and moderate ventilation, without opening or shutting the slides,
as they or their surrounding parts I sometimes perforate to admit and let out
sufficient air to ventilate the carriages when only one or two persons are in
them, but the ingress of cold air, and the egress of hot or impure air can be
regulated by the slides or coverings to the openings by the passengers when a
greater current of air is required, as the apparatus is so constructed as to cause
a strong current of fresh air to pass into the carriage whichever way the train
is going, and to draw out an equal quantity of hot or impure air by suction
caused by the air rushing past the apparatus, or by the carriage and ventilator
passing through the atmosphere.
Fig a is an inside elevation of a railway carriage door, with Fig. 1 showing
a projection to the ventilator, with slides as indicated by the knobs for

page_text: opening or closing the ventilator when required; Fig. 6 is a plan of Fig. a,
showing the projection of the ventilator, as 2, 2, inside and outside of the
carriage door, and openings in the carriage with line 2, 2, showing the sepa-
ration between the inlet and outlet; Fig. c, 4, represents a side elevation of
Fig. a, 1; Fig. d, 3, is a plan of Fig. c, 4; Fig. e is a side elevation of a
carriage door, with the ventilator, Fig. 5, as applied to the present openings
at the upper parts of the carriage doors when the ordinary sliding gratings are
used for regulating the action of the ventilator; Fig. f is a plan of door;
Fig. e and Fig. 6 shows the ventilator on the outside of the door, with the
dotted lines showing the separations between the inlet and outlet; Fig. 9 is
an inside elevation of carriage door, shewing the front view of the ventilator 5
on door e; 7, showing the slide closed, and 8 the open space through which
the air passes in or out of the carriage. I sometimes place my ventilating
apparatus, as shown in 5 and 6, Fig. e and Fig. f, on the outside of railway
and other carriage doors, and use the ordinary slides, which are sometimes
found on such carriages, as a means for regulating the supply of fresh air
into the compartment and the outlet of the impure air.
But what I claim as my Invention, and more particularly wish to secure by
"Letters Patent," is, the application of a double-acting ventilator formed of
one or more parts, as herein described, and applied principally to railway
carriages, but also to vessels, ordinary carriages, omnibusses, and other com-
partments to which it may be made applicable; but I do not limit myself to
the precise details as shown in the Drawings.
Witnessed by
FRANK B. SIMONS, Clerk,
MONTAGUE WIGZELL. (L.S.)
Strand, Topsham,
July 9th, 1862.
Topsham Patent Nail Works,
Devon.
July 9th, 1862.