AN IMPROVED METHOD OF REFINING AND DEODORIZING OILS AND FATS
Year: 1883

page_text: This Specification was, upon the 18th day of May 1892, Amended under
Sections 18 to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883.
LETTERS PATENT to Edgar Siddons Wilson of Camberwell in the County o
Surrey for an Invention of AN IMPROVED METHOD OF REFINING AND
DEODORIZING OILS AND FATS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edgar Siddons Wilson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th November 1883.
EDGAR SIDDONS WILSON of Camberwell in the county of Surrey AN IMPROVED
METHOD OF REFINING AND DEODORIZING OILS AND FATS
My invention relates to refining and deodorizing crude or impure oils fats or
materials containing fatty matters, and for destroying objectionable coloring and
other matters contained therein.
My method of treatment is modified according to the nature of the material, and
consists, in the first place of forming an emulsion or saponification of the goods
followed by the application of chlorine in the form of chlorinated alkaline leys
(Hypochlorite of soda or potash) or free chlorine gas.
The process I prefer is as follows.-I take black or dark oleines, recovered grease,
the fatty acids from cotton seed oil foots, or other fatty matter and make into a
soap or emulsion in the usual manner. Chlorine gas or hypochlorite of soda is then
introduced until a separation of the soap from its solution is effected.
If the soap
is sufficiently bleached and deodorized it can be finished in the usual manner.
In cases where one operation is not sufficient the lyes can be withdrawn the
soap
"closed" and the latter portion of the process repeated until the desired
results are obtained.
When required the refined material can then, or afterwards, be treated with
sulphuric or other mineral acid and obtained in the form of fatty acids.
The hypochlorite of soda on boiling passes into chloride of sodium and thus
obviates the necessity of adding salt as a separating agent.
In the manufacture of the hypochlorite of soda as applicable to my invention
I have obtained the best results by making a cold solution of caustic soda of from
D077

page_text: 10° to 20° Twaddell and passing a current of chlorine gas into it until complete
saturation of the alkali is effected. These lyes should be freshly prepared and kept
in covered pans.
Where I employ the free chlorine gas I have the soap in a liquid and
close
ور
state keeping it alkaline and below boiling point. Hypochlorite of soda is formed
which passes into chloride of soda as above.
Potash lyes may be used in the same manner as soda.
Fatty acids devoid of free color are melted and brought to a heat of 200 to
250 Fab and a solution of the hypochlorite is then added until saponification is
effected and the bleaching completed which may be known by closing" a small
sample with water.
"

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Edgar Siddons Wilson in the Patent Office on the 12th May 1884.
EDGAR SIDDONS WILSON of Camberwell in the County of Surrey "AN IMPROVED
METHOD OF REFINING AND DEODORIZING REFUSE OILS AND FATS
"
My invention relates to the refining and deodorizing of ernde or impure refuse oils,
fats or materials containing fatty matters and for destroying objectionable colouring
and other matters contained therein.
"
My method of treatment is-modified-according to the nature of the material and
consists in the first place of forming an emulsion or a saponification of the "goods
followed by the application of chlorine in the form of chlorinated alkaline leys
(Hypochlorite of soda or potash) or free-chlorine-Gas,
"
The process I prefer is as follows:-I take the dark, erude cotton seed oil and it
make material to be treated and make it into a soap or emulsion in the usual manner
with ordinary caustic soda leys; when saponification is complete and while the soap
is in a limpid or "close" state ehlorinated soda leys of a strength of, say, 25 to
30 degrees of Beaumè hydrometer are added and boiled with the soap until the
soap is rendered flocculent and separates from the leys. Technically called
opened."
The soap is allowed to stand until the leys have settled at the bottom of the
"kettle or boiling pan whence they may be drawn off and the soap "closed" in
the ordinary manner with water, or by means of weak chlorinated-leys, strong
chlorinated leys being then added and the soap opened again as above. If the soap
at this stage is not sufficiently bleached and deodorized the process of manufacture
ean be completed in the usual manner or if required the foregoing operations may be
repeated in which ease, it will usually be found that until the soap is of a color
resembling the soap made from the best refined cotton oil and free from bad odour.
"
When required the refined material can, then or afterwards, be treated with
sulphuric or other suitable acid and obtained in the form of fatty acids.
The hypochlorite of soda on boiling passes into chloride of sodium and thus
obviates the necessity of adding salt as a separating agent.
Cotton seed oil foots, the dark fatty residium acids obtained by the distillation of
cotton seed, oil foots, black rape oil, used railway grease (Technically known in
England as Loco. Grease) (or mucilage) or other dark or discoloured refuse fats or
fatty acids may be treated as above.
In the manufacture of Hypochlorite of soda as applicable to my invention I have
obtained the best results by making a cold solution of caustic soda of from 10 to
20 Beaumè and passing a current of chlorine gas into it until the desired saturation
is effected.
These leys are best freshly prepared and kept in closed pans. Hypochlorite of
Potash is manufactured in similar manner to the hypochlorite of soda.
When I employ the free chlorine gas I
I have the soap in a limped or "close"
state, keeping it alkaline and below boiling point. Hypochlorite of soda is formed
which passes in Chloride of Sodium and separates the soap as above. This process
may be repeated if necessary.
Having now described the nature of my said invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed I declare that I claim
First The employment of chlorinated alkaline leys or free chlorine gas, on an
emulsion of or saponified, crude or discolored fats or oils and transforming
them by destroying the coloring matters contained therein and odours
11

page_text: Secondly I claim The treatment of erude the hereinbefore mentioned oils or dirty or
impure fats in the manner set forth for eliminating objectionable matters
therefrom.
Thirdly I claim The introduction of soda or potash as described as a medium
between-chlorine and vegetable oils or fats and thus obviating the
injurious effects of chlorine on fatty matters.
In witness whereof I the said Elgar Siddons Wilson have hereunto set my hand
and seal this ninth day of May in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and eighty four.
EDGAR SIDDONS WILSON (L.S.)

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edgar Siddons Wilson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th November 1883.
EDGAR SIDDONS WILSON of Camberwell in the county of Surrey' AN IMPROVED
METHOD OF REFINING AND DEODORIZING OILS AND Fats
My invention relates to refining and deodorizing crude or impure oils fats or
materials containing fatty matters, and for destroying objectionable coloring and
other matters contained therein.
|
My method of treatment is modified according to the nature of the material, and
consists, in the first place of forming an emulsion or saponification of the goods
followed by the application of chlorine in the form of chlorinated alkalino leys
(Hypochlorite of soda or potash) or free chlorine gas.
The process I prefer is as follows.-I take black or dark oloines, recovered grease,
the fatty acids from cotton seed oil foots, or other fatty matter and make into a
soap or emulsion in the usual manner. Chlorine gas or hypochlorite of soda is then
introduced until a separation of the soap from its solution is effected. If the soap
is sufficiently bleached and deodorized it can be finished in the usual manner.
In cases where one operation is not sufficient the lyes can be withdrawn the
sonp "closed" and the latter portion of the process repeated until the desired
results are obtained.
When required the refined material can then, or. afterwards, be treated_with_
sulphuric or other mineral acid and obtained in the form of fatty acids.
The hypochlorite of soda on boiling passes into chloride of sodium and thus
obviates the necessity of adding salt as a separating agent.
In the manufacture of the hypochlorite of soda as applicable to
my
invention
1 have obtained the best results by making a cold solution of caustic soda of from

page_text: 10° to 20° Twaddell and passing a current of chlorine gas into it until complete
saturation of the alkali is effected. These lyes should be freshly prepared and kept
in covered pans.
is close"
Where I employ the free chlorine gas I have the soap in a liquid and
state keeping it alkaline and below boiling point. Hypochlorite of soda is formed
which passes into chloride of soda as above.
Potash lyes may be used in the same manner as soda.
Fatty acids devoid of free color are melted and brought to a heat of 200 to
250 Fab and a solution of the hypochlorite is then added until saponification is
effected and the bleaching completed which may be known by "closing" a small

page_text: PECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Edgar Siddons Wilson in the Patent Office on the 12th May 1884.
EDGAR SIDDONS WILSON of Camberwell in the County of Surrey "AN IMPRoved
IETHOD OF REFINING AND DEODORIZING REFUSE OILS AND FATS
"
My invention relates to the refining and deodorizing of erude-or impure refuse oils,
ats or materials containing fatty matters and for destroying objectionable colouring
and other matters contained therein.
"
My method of treatment is-modified according to the-nature-of-the-material and
consists in the first place of forming an emulsion or a saponification of the "goods
followed by the application of chlorine in the form of chlorinated alkaliņe leys
(Hypochlorite of soda or potash) or-free-chlorine-fine.
The process prefer is as follows:-I take the dark, ornide cottonseed oil-and-it
make material to be treated and make it into a soap or emulsion in the usual inanner
with ordinary caustic soda leys; when saponification is complete and while the soap
is in a limpid or "close" state ehlorinated soda leys of a strength of, say, 25 to
80 degrees of Beaumè hydrometer are added and boiled with the soap until the
soap is rendered flocculent and separates from the leys. Technically called
"opened."
The soap is allowed to stand until the leys have settled at the bottom of the
"kettle" or boiling pan whence they may be drawn off and the soap "closed" in
the ordinary manner with water, or by means of weak chlorinated-leys; strong
chlorinated leys being then added and the soap opened again as above. If the soap
at this stage is not sufficiently bleached and deodorized the process of manufacture
can be completed in the usual manner or if required the foregoing operations may be
repeated in which case, it will usually be found that until the soap is of a color
resembling the soap made from the best refined cotton oil and free from bad odour.
When required the refined material can, then or afterwards, be treated with
sulphuric or other suitable acid and obtained in the form of fatty acids.
The hypochlorite of soda-on-boiling passes into chloride of sodium and thus
obviates the necessity of adding salt as a separating agent.
'
Cotton seed oil foots, the dark fatty residium-neide obtained by the distillation of
cotton-seed, oil foots, black rape oil, used railway-grease (Technically-known in
England no Loco. Grease) (or mucilage) or other dark or discoloured refuse fats or
fatty acids may be treated as above.
.
In the manufacture of Hypochlorite of soda as applicable to my invention I have
obtained the best results by making a cold solution of caustic soda of from 10 to
20 Beaumé and passing a current of chlorine gas into it until the desired saturation
is effected.
These loys are best freshly prepared and kept in closed pans. Hypochlorite of
0 Potash is manufactured in similar manner to the hypochlorite of soda.
When I employ the free chlorine gas I have the soup in a limped or "close"
state, keeping it alkaline and below boiling point. - Hypochlorite of soda is formed
which passes in Chloride of Sodium and separates the soup no above. This process
may be-repeated if necessary.
t
5 Having now described the nature of my said invention and in what manne
the same is to be performed I declare that I claim
50
First The employment of chlorinated alkaline leys or free chlorine gas, on a
emulsion of or saponified, crude or discolored fats or oils and transformin
them by destroying the coloring matters contained therein and odour
arising therefrom as set forth.
-

page_text: Secondly I claim The treatment of erude the hereinbefore mentioned oils or dirty or
impure fats in the manner set forth for eliminating objectionable matters
therefrom.
Thirdly claim The introduction of soda or potash as described as a medium
between-chlorine and vegetable oils or fate and thus obviating the
injurious effects of chlorine on fatty matters.
In witness whereof I the said Elgar Siddons Wilson have hereunto set my hand
and seal this ninth day of May in the year of our Lord One thousand. eight
hundred and eighty four.
EDGAR SIDDONS WILSON (L.s.)

page_text: This Specification was, upon the 18th day of May 1892, Amended unde
Sections 18 to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883.
LETTERS PATENT to Edgar Siddons Wilson of Camberwell in the County o
Surrey for an Invention of AN IMPROVED METHOD OF
DEODORIZING OILS and fats
REFINING AND
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edgar Siddons Wilson át
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th November 1883.
EDGAR SIDDONS WILSON of Camberwell in the county of Surrey' AN IMPROVED
METHOD OF REFINING AND DEODORIZING OILS AND FATS
My invention relates to refining and deodorizing crude or impure oils fats or
materials containing fatty matters, and for destroying objectionable coloring and
other matters contained therein.
My method of treatment is modified according to the nature of the material, and
consists, in the first place of forming an emulsion or saponification of the goods
followed by the application of chlorine in the form of chlorinated alkalino loys
(Hypochlorite of soda or potash) or free chlorine gas.
The process I profer is as follows.-I take black or dark oloines, recovered grease,
the fatty acids from cotton seed oil foots, or other fatty matter and make into a
soap or emulsion in the usual manner. Chlorine gas or hypochlorite of soda is then
introduced until a separation of the soap from its solution is effected. If the soap
is sufficiently bleached and deodorizod it can be finished in the usual manner.
2
In cases where one operation is not sufficient the lyes can be withdrawn the
sonp "closed" and the latter portion of the process repeated until the desired
results are obtained.
When required the refined material can then, or. afterwards, be treated with
sulphuric or other mineral acid and obtained in the form of fatty acids.
The hypochlorite of soda on boiling passes into chloride of sodium and thus
obviates the necessity of adding salt as a separating agent.
In the manufacture of the hypochlorite of soda as applicable to
my
invention
I have obtained the best results by making a cold solution of caustic soda of from

page_text: 10° to 20° Twaddell and passing a current of chlorine gas into it until complet
saturation of the alkali is effected. These lyes should be freshly prepared and kep
in covered pans.
Where I employ the free chlorine gas I have the soap in a liquid and "close
state keeping it alkaline and below boiling point. Hypochlorite of soda is formed
which passes into chloride of soda as above."
Potash lyes may be used in the same manner as soda.
Fatty acids devoid of free color are melted and brought to a heat of 200 to
250 Fab and a solution of the hypochlorite is then added until saponification is
effected and the bleaching completed which may be known by "closing"
sample with water:
& small

page_text: PECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Edgar Siddons Wilson in the Patent Office on the 12th May 1884.
EDGAR SIDDONS WILSON of Camberwell in the County of Surrey "AN IMPROVED
ETHOD OF REFINING AND DEODORIZING REFUSE OILS AND FATS
"
My invention relates to the refining and deodorizing of erude or impure refuse oils,
ats or materials containing fatty matters and for destroying objectionable colouring
and other matters contained therein.
My method of treatment is-modified according to the nature of the material and
consists in the first place of forming an emulsion or a saponification of the "goods"
followed by the application of chlorine in the form of chlorinated alkaline leys
(Hypochlorite of soda or potash) er free chlorine Gas
The process prefer is as follows:-I take the dark, erude-cotton seed oil and it
make material to be treated and make it into a soap or emulsion in the usual manner
with ordinary caustic soda leys; when saponification is complete and while the soap
is in a limpid or "close" state chlorinated soda leys of a strength of, say, 25 to
30 degrees of Beaumè hydrometer are added and boiled with the soap until the
soap is rendered flocculent and separates from the leys. Technically, called
"opened."
+
The soap is allowed to stand until the loys have settled at the bottom of the
"kottlo"
or boiling pan whence they may be drawn off and the soap "closed" in
the ordinary manner with water, or by means of weak chlorinated leys; strong
chlorinated loys being then added and the soap opened again as above. If the soap
at this stage is not sufficiently bleached and deodorized the process of manufacture
can be completed in the noual manner or if required the foregoing operations may be
of, n color
repeated in which case, it will usually be found that until the soap
resembling the soap made from the best refined cotton oil and free from bad odour.
When required the refined material can, then or afterwards, he treated with
sulphuric or other suitable acid and obtained in the form of fatty acids..
The hypochlorite-of-soda-on-boiling passes into chloride of sodium and thus
obviates the necessity of adding salt as a separating ngent
Cotton seed oil foots, the dark-fatty residium neids obtained by the distillation of
cotton-seed, oil-foots, black rape-oil, need railway-grense (Technically known in
England as Looo. Grease) (or mucilage) or other dark or discoloured refuse fats or
fatty acids may be treated as above.
+1
In the manufacture of Hypochlorite of soda as applicable to my invention I have
obtained the best results by making a cold solution of caustic soda of from 10 to
20 Beaume and passing a current of chlorine gas into it until the desired saturation
is effected.
These loys are best freshly prepared and kept in closed pans. Hypochlorite of
O Potash is manufactured in similar manner to the hypochlorite of soda.
When I employ the free-chlorine gas I have the soap in a limped or close
state, keeping it alkaline-and-below boiling point.-Hypochlorite of sode is formee
which passes in Chloride of Sodium and separates the soup as above. This proces
may be repeated if necessary.
5 Having now described the nature of my said invention and in what manne
the same is to be performed I declare that I claim
First The-employment of chlorinated alkaline leye or free chlorine gas, on a
emulsion of or saponified, crude or discolored fats or oils and transformin
them by destroying the coloring matters contained therein and odou
anising therefrom as not forth

page_text: Secondly I claim The treatment of erude the hereinbefore mentioned oils or dirty or
impare fats in the manner set forth for eliminating objectionable matters
therefrom.
Thirdly Lolaim The introduction of colle or potash as described as a medium
between-chlorine and vegetable oils or fats and thus obviating the
injurious effects of chlorine on fatty-matters.
In witness whereof I the said Elgar Siddons Wilson have hereunto set my hand
and seal this ninth day of May in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
bundred and eighty four.
EDGAR SIDDONS WILSON (L.B.)

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edgar Siddons Wilson of Camberwell in the county of
Surrey for an Invention of AN IMPROVED METHOD OF REFINING AND
DEODORIZING OILS AND FATS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edgar Siddons Wilson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th November 1883.
EDGAR SIDDONS WILSON of Camberwell in the county of Surrey AN IMPROVED
METHOD OF REFINING AND DEODORIZING OILS AND FATS
My invention relates to refining and deodorizing crude or impure oils fats or
materials containing fatty matters, and for destroying objectionable coloring and
other matters contained therein.
My method of treatment is modified according to the nature of the material, and
consists, in the first place of forming an emulsion or saponification of the goods
followed by the application of chlorine in the form of chlorinated alkaline leys
(Hypochlorite of soda or potash) or free chlorine gas.
The process I prefer is as follows.-I take black or dark oleines, recovered grease,
the fatty acids from cotton seed oil foots, or other fatty matter and make into a
soap or emulsion in the usual manner. Chlorine gas or hypochlorite of soda is then
introduced until a separation of the soap from its solution is effected. If the soap
is sufficiently bleached and deodorized it can be finished in the usual manner.
In cases where one operation is not sufficient the lyes can be withdrawn the
soap "closed" and the latter portion of the process repeated until the desired
results are obtained.
When required the refined material can then, or afterwards, be treated with
sulphuric or other mineral acid and obtained in the form of fatty acids.
The hypochlorite of soda on boiling passes into chloride of sodium and thus
obviates the necessity of adding salt as a separating agent.
In the manufacture of the hypochlorite of soda as applicable to my invention
I have obtained the best results by making a cold solution of caustic soda of from
FD 471

page_text: 10° to 20° Twaddell and passing a current of chlorine gas into it until complete
saturation of the alkali is effected. These lyes should be freshly prepared and kept
in covered pans.
Where I employ the free chlorine gas I have the soap in a liquid and "close"
state keeping it alkaline and below boiling point. Hypochlorite of soda is formed
which passes into chloride of soda as above.
Potash lyes may be used in the same manner as soda.
Fatty acids devoid of free color are melted and brought to a heat of 200 to
250 Fah and a solution of the hypochlorite is then added until saponification is
effected and the bleaching completed which may be known by "closing" a small
sample with water.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Edgar Siddons Wilson in the Patent Office on the 12th May 1884.
EDGAR SIDDONS WILSON of Camberwell in the County of Surrey "AN IMPROVED
METHOD OF REFINING AND DEODORIZING OILS AND FATS
"
My invention relates to the refining and deodorizing of crude or impure oils, fats
or materials containing fatty matters and for destroying objectionable colouring and
other matters contained therein.
"
My method of treatment is modified according to the nature of the material and
consists in the first place of forming an emulsion or saponification of the "goods
followed by the application of chlorine in the form of chlorinated alkaline leys
(Hypochlorite of soda or potash) or free chlorine Gas.
The process I prefer is as follows:-I take the dark, crude cotton seed oil and it
make into a soap or emulsion in the usual manner with ordinary caustic soda leys;
when saponification is complete and while the soap is in a limpid or I close" state
chlorinated-soda leys of a strength of, say, 15 to 20 degrees of Beaumè hydrometer
are added and boiled with the soap until the soap is rendered flocculent and separates
from the leys. Technically called " opened."
The soap
is allowed to stand until the leys have settled at the bottom of the
"kettle" or boiling pan whence they may be drawn off and the soap "closed" in
the ordinary manner with water, or by means of weak chlorinated leys, strong
chlorinated leys being then added and the soap opened again as above. If the soap
at this stage is sufficiently bleached and deodorized the process of manufacture can
be completed in the usual manner or if required the foregoing operations may be
repeated, in which case, it will usually be found that the soap is of a color
resembling the soap made from the best refined cotton oil.
When required the refined material can, then or afterwards, be treated with
sulphuric or other suitable acid and obtained in the form of fatty acids.
The hypochlorite of soda on boiling passes into chloride of sodium and thus
obviates the necessity of adding salt as a separating agent.
Cotton seed oil foots, the dark fatty residium acids obtained by the distillation
of cotton seed, oil foots, black rape oil, used railway grease (Technically known in
England as Loco. Grease) or other dark or discoloured fats or fatty acids may be
treated as above.
In the manufacture of Hypochlorite of soda as applicable to my invention I have
obtained the best results by making a cold solution of caustic soda of from 10 to
20 Beaumè and passing a current of chlorine gas into it until the desired saturation
is effected.
These leys are best freshly prepared and kept in closed pans. Hypochlorite of
Potash is manufactured in similar manner to the hypochlorite of soda.
"close"
When I employ the free chlorine gas I have the soap in a limped or
state, keeping it alkaline and below boiling point. Hypochlorite of soda is formed
which passes in Chloride of Sodium and separates the soap as above. This process
may be repeated if necessary.
Having now described the nature of my said invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed I declare that I claim
First The employment of chlorinated alkaline leys or free chlorine gas, on an
emulsion of or saponified, crude or discolored fats or oils and transforming
them by destroying the coloring matters contained therein and odours
arising therefrom as set forth.

page_text: Secondly I claim The treatment of crude oils or dirty or impure fats in the manner
set forth for eliminating objectionable matters therefrom.
Thirdly I claim The introduction of soda or potash as described as a medium
between chlorine and vegetable oils or fats and thus obviating the
injurious effects of chlorine on fatty matters.
In witness whereof I the said Edgar Siddons Wilson have hereunto set my hand
and seal this ninth day of May in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and eighty four.
EDGAR SIDDONS WILSON (L.S.)