Improvements in Apparatus for Bottling and Charging Frothy Liquids.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Left 12th July 1889-Accepted. 5th Oct.. 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Bottling and Charging Frothy
Liquids.
FREDERIC GEORGE RILEY 33 South Lambeth Road in the County of Surrey
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to improvements on a former Invention for which I obtained
Letters Patent dated the 26th June 1884-9440 for bottling non-aerated liquids; which
I have found very valuable for bottling liquids of a frothy nature; the main principle
of this Invention being the employment of a vacuum to assist the introduction of the
liquids into the bottles.
It now being desired in certain cases to charge these liquids with carbonic acid gas
at low pressures, the object of my present Invention is to construct an apparatus for
charging these liquids in a continuous manner and at the same time allow of their
being drawn from considerably lower levels than the machine, and also to add such
improvement to the above mentioned Patent (9446) (84) so as to enable this to deal
with liquids so charged.
I prefer therefore to remove the vacuum pump and chamber from the bottling
machine and to construct a combined apparatus mounted on one frane for charging
the liquid and creating the neccessary vacuum. For this purpose I employ a vertical
hollow standard, having an inverted pump on each side with the discharge valve boxes
at top, and I drive the pumps by suitable crank shafts near the base, these shafts
being in the same horizontal plane. The vacuum pump is driven from any prime
mover, and motion is conveyed to the gas and liquid pump by means either of a belt
or geared wheels, or by preference friction wheels connected by a stud friction wheel,
the latter being free to rise and fall when operated by a lever so as to enable the gas
and liquid pump to be stopped without stopping the vacuum pump, and I prefer to
drive the liquid pump much slower than the vacuum pump to prevent undue agitation
of the liquid to be operated upon.
In order to provide for the lubrication of the vacuum pump I make the outlet valve
discharge into a chamber at the top of pump and connected to the barrel of same by
means of a passage controlled by a regulating valve in order that each stroke of tho
pump will discharge a portion of the lubricant employed, with the air, the same lubri-
cant being drawn in and used again.
The gas and liquid charging pump is of novel construction and is double acting,
that is both ends of the piston are employed the upper side of the pump is closed with
a valve box with inlet and outlet valves, the inlet at top is connected to the supply of
carbonic acid gas, and the outlet to the receiving cylinder. The under side of the
piston has the rod enlarged and bottom of pump is closed by a gland and stuffing box
and a suction valve is provided connected to the supply of the liquid to be operated
upon. The delivery valve for bottom of pump is placed in the piston itself and dis-
charges into the upper or gas side of same in such a manner that when the
pump
action, the upper side draws its charge of gas and at the same time the liquid is forced
into same from the under side and when it is discharging the combined gas and liquid,
the under side is drawing a fresh supply of liquid. By this means the liquid operated
on acts as a lubricant for the gas pump and prevents it heating in working and
also dispenses with a water jacket.
is in
The combined discharge is led into the storage cylinder ready for bottling. When
this cylinder is constructed of metal I employ an intermediate glass chamber described
in an Invention for which I have obtained Letters Patent dated 26 Oct. 1885 No. 12799
but I prefer to enlarge same and dispense with the metal storage cylinder, employing
one or two glass vessels for the purpose, as being more cleanly and giving a more
perfect disclosure of its working.

page_text: When
The bottling machine is as described in my Patent No. 9446 June 26, 1884, but
instead of driving same by gearing on the periphery of cam plate I prefer to employ
friction for this purpose and therefore suspend the driving shaft, friction pinion, driving
pulley and fly wheel, on a bracket free to rise and fall bat forced against the rim
of cam plate by coiled springs, this bracket is raised out of gear by a simple lever
fixed at the top of machine, connected by a rod to another hand lever below the
bottom rim of cam plate, which is pivotted to the frame carrying same.
this lever is depressed the driving shaft is raised disengaging the friction pinion
from cam plate and the end of the hand lever being prolonged acts as a brake on the
periphery of cam-plate instantly stopping the latter. By this method of quickly
stopping the bottling machine I am enabled to dispense with the check valve,
opened by the introduction of a bottle into the machine, which was for the purpose
of preventing loss of vacuum when a bottle was not inserted.
The arrangement of valves is as described but I introduce a third valve operated by
the cam-plate and connected with the outer air in order to reduce the pressure in the
bottle before the cork is driven when this is required.
When the machine is operated by hand the arrangement will be carried out as
described in my Patent No. 9446 1884-Page 7-Lines 15 to 30.
By adding to this machine for bottling, the improvements for which I have
obtained Letters Patent dated 18th July 1885 No. 8447 1 fill bottles which are
closed with a screw stopper in a similar expeditious manner, either by a hand-
machine or power machine. In the latter case I alter the method of driving and
make it frictional and for both hand and power machines retain the third valve
herein mentioned to ease if neccessary the presure under the stopper. When
working the bottling machine by hand the combined apparatus for creating the
vacuum & charging the liquid with carbonic acid gas would be driven by power
when available, or by hand.
Dated this 15th day of Octalion 1000
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Bottling and Charging Frothy
Liquids.
FREDERIC GEORGE RILEY of Effra Works, Longley Lane, South Lambeth Road in
the County of Surrey Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:
My Invention relates to Improvements on a former Invention for which I have
obtained Letters Patent dated the 26 June-1884. No. 9446 for bottling non aerated
liquids, which I have found very valuable for bottling liquids of a frothy nature, the
main principle of this Invention being the employment of a vacuum to assist the
introduction of the liquids into the bottles.
;
It now being desired to charge these liquids with carbonic acid gas at low pressures
the object of my present Invention is to construct an apparatus for charging these
liquids in a continuous manner and at the same time allow of their being drawn from
considerably lower levels than the machine and also to add such improvements to the
above mentioned patent (9446-1884) so as to enable this to deal with liquids so
charged and also to the modifications for filling bottles closed with a screw stopper
for which I have obtained Letters Patent No. 8447-1885 (although it can be used in
connection with other apparatus for filling and stoppering bottles with slight modifica-
tions) and in order that the said Invention may be perfectly understood I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to the
several figures on the accompanying sheets of drawings, the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the figures.
Fig. 1 sheet 1-shows an elevation of a combined apparatus constructed according
to my Invention for 1stly drawing up the liquid, 2ndly charging it with -gas,

page_text: Brdly delivering the charged liquid into a storage cylinder, 4thly creating and main-
aining a vacuum and 5thly providing a vacuum chamber to connect with the bottling
machine.
L
It consists of a hollow vertical standard securely closed to the outer air forming
vacuum chamber A on which on opposite sides are placed two crank shafts,
operating by means of connecting rods and suitable guide blocks the liquid charging
pump B and the air pump C. The air pump is driven by preference from any
prime mover (when operated by power) by the pulley D and motion is conveyed
to the liquid charging pump B either by means of a belt as shown in drawing
from the small pulley to the large one band to enable the liquid charging
pump B to be stopped and started without stopping the air pump C I provide
(when a belt is used) the clutch (Fig. 2 sheet 1 showing a plan of same)
operated by the lever d², or toothed wheels may be used retaining the clutch; or
I prefer to employ friction gear, cutting grooves in the pulleys band d and
providing an intermediate stud wheel free to rise and fall engaging with each other
when in gear, and raised out of gear by a suitable hand lever when it is desired
to stop the liquid charging pump. The difference in the sizes of the pulleys d and b
enables the liquid charging pump to be driven much slower than the air pump,
preventing undue agitation of the liquid to be operated upon.
These two pumps are shewn in enlarged scale in section in Figs. 3 and 4 sheet 2.
The air or vacuum creating pump C is connected on its suction side by the pipe a
to the chamber A and in order to provide for the lubrication of the piston of same
and prevent heating I carry the discharge from the outlet valve E by means of
the pipe e into the chamber e¹, this is connected to the upper side of the suction
valve F by the passage controlled by a regulating valve (not shewn). The
chamber el being partly filled with lubricant a small portion passes over the suction
valvo into the cylinder and is then returned into the chamber e¹, continually
circulating without waste.
The gas and liquid charging pump B is of novel construction, and is double acting
that is to say both sides of the piston I are used, each side being a distinct pump
in itself. The upper or gas side is closed witli a valve box containing the inlet or
suction valve G communicating with the supply of carbonic acid gas by means of the
connection g. The outlet or delivery valve H is connected to the receiving cylinder
by means of the connection h.
The under side I has the rod enlarged forming a plunger i working through the
gland and stuffing box. The suction valve on this side is formed by the regulating
valve box J communicating with the supply of liquid to be operated upon by means
of the connection j. The delivery valve K is placed in the piston itself and communi-
cates by the passage in the under side and in the upper side of the valve delivering
into the upper or gas side of the pump.
The operation is as follows-when the pision makes an upward stroke the
bottom of barrel is filled with liquid and on its downward stroke the upper barrel
is filled with gas and at the same time the liquid in the bottom barrel is discharged
into it and mingles with same, whilst the upward stroke delivering the combined
gas and liquid fills the under side again with a fresh supply of liquid to be
charged. The enlargement of the plunger providing an exact means of regulating
the required proportion of gas and liquid, each stroke delivering a definite quantity
of liquid and forcing into the liquid a definite quantity of gas, performing a com-
plete operation and delivering a finished product, whilst the liquid itself provides
an effectual lubricant for the gas pump, preventing heating in working and dis-
pensing with a water jacket, and each action of the pump being independent of
the other enables the liquid to be drawn from any distance within the ordinary
range of a pump and the gas to be used even at varying pressures in the generating
vessel. The combined discharge is led into the storage cylinder L Fig. 1 Sheet 1.
When this cylinder is constructed of metal I employ an intermediate glass chamber
described in an invention for which I have obtained Letters Patent No. 12799-1885
but I prefer to enlarge same and dispense with the metallic cylinder, employing

page_text: either one or two glass vessels for this purpose, as being more cleanly and giving
a more perfect disclosure of its working (as shewn). This cylinder is connected
at the bottom by the connection e to the supply valve of the bottling machine;
the vacuum chamber A being connected to the vacuum valve on the bottling
machine at a'. In order to maintain a constant pressure in the storage cylinder
I fix a safety valve adjustable to release at the desired pressure and return any
excess of gas to the generator as shewn in Fig 5. Sheet 2. When a glass storage
cylinder only is used I fix the safety valve in the mounting e¹.
The bottling machine is as described in my patent No. 9446-1884, but instead of
driving same by gearing on the periphery of the cam plate I prefer to employ friction,
hoth when the machine is used for bottles closed with corks and also when the modifi-
cations are applied to enable me to fill bottles closed with screw stoppers according to
my Patent 8447-1885. The method of doing this is shewn in Figs. 8 & 9 Sheet 4-
which is a side and front elevation. The driving shaft M with friction pinion m,
driving pulley and fly wheel being suspended in bracket m¹ but forced against the
rim of cam plate N by the coiled springs in, this bracket is raised out of gear by the
lever O pivotted in the frame and connected by the rod P to another hand lever p
which is fulcrumed to the frame n below the bottom rim of cam plate N. When this
lever p is depressed the driving shaft M is raised disengaging the friction pinion m
from cam plate N. and the end of the lever being prolonged acts as a brake p' on the
periphery of cam plate N, instantly stopping the latter, the lever being held against
the cam plate by the springs m². By this method of quickly stopping the machine [
am enabled to dispense with check valve opened by the introduction of a bottle into
the machine, although it may be retained if desired. The arrangement of valves is as
described but I introduce a third valve operated by the cam plate and connected with
the outer air in order to reduce the pressure in the bottle before the cork is driven
(when this is required) and also to take away any drainings or splash before the bottle
is released. When this bottling machine is operated by hand the arrangement will
be carried out as described in my Patent No. 9446. 1884. page 7 lines 15 to 30 and in
sheet 3. Figs. 6 and 7 herewith I show a side and front elevation of the method I
prefer to employ in making a machine for hand power; the drawings showing a
imachine for filling and stoppering bottles closed with a screw stopper, but as the
operations of filling the bottles are the same as for bottles closed with a cork, one
explanation will suffice for both-In place of the standard or main frame I prefer
to employ two columns or rods QQ secured to a base plate, on these free to rise
and fall is first the bottle seat R operated by the cam quadrant by means of the
tortional spring exerting its force in the direction of the arrow Fig. 7 and
retaining the bottle permanently against the mouthpiece of the filling device, until
it is released by the lever which may be operated either by hand or foot-
Second the block T which also rises and falls by means of the hand levert and
either removes and replaces the screw stopper or in the case of a corking machine
drives the cork.
Connected to the rising block TI secure the valve opening rod U which passes
over the ends of the valves W and S through the glands, which form a guide for
same a small cam u being provided on U wherever required-The third additional
valve V is operated by the hand lever X.
The operation of filling the bottle is as follows-the lever being depressed lowers
the bottle seat block R and enables a bottle to be inserted, the releasing of lever com-
presses the bottle against the mouth piece of the filling device Z and the stopper is
gripped at same time. The lever t being raised a portion of its stroke removes the
stopper from the bottle, the valve V is then opened by the lever X which com-
municates by the connection a¹ to the vacuum chamber A Fig. 1 Sheet 1 exhausting
the air out of the bottle. The stroke of levert is then continued raising the block T
and opening the valve W which is in communication with the cylinder J. Fig. 1.
Sheet 1. containing the charged liquid. When the bottle is full the levert is
depressed screwing the stopper into its place and the cam u operating on the
valve S opens same allowing any excess pressure and froth to escape which is

page_text: conveyed to a suitable receptacle. The bottle is then released and another is
inserted.
It will be obvious that by altering the position of the cam u on the rod U it will
enable the valves to be opened as desired.
When it is required to operate on two bottles at once, the mouth pieces bottle seats
and corking or stoppering devices are in duplicate whilst the one set of valves are
retained, the operation of filling the bottles being simultaneous.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. The employment of a combined double acting pump in the manner herein
described for drawing up and charging liquids with carbonic acid gas.
2. The employment of a vacuum pump or exhausting apparatus and vacuum chamber
for eliminating the air or portion of the air contained within the bottle when the bottle
is to be filled with frothy liquids charged with carbonic acid gas in the manner herein
described.
3. The construction of a combined machine for drawing up the liquid, charging it
with carbonic acid gas, creating and maintaining a vacuum, and the arrangements for
working and operating same as herein described.
4. The improvements in machines constructed according to my Patents 9446-84
and 8447-85 to enable liquids of a frothy nature to be bottled in same in connection
with a vacuum.
5. The general construction arrangement and combination of parts, for charging
and bottling liquids of a frothy nature with carbonic acid gas substantially as herein-
before described.
Dated this 11th law of Tul. 1000
FREDERIC GEORGE RILEY.