Improvements in the Treatment of Peat, to obtain therefrom Fibrous Material for the Manufacture of Paper and for other purposes.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 30th June, 1897
Complete Specification Left, 26th Apr., 1898-Accepted, 30th July, 1898
Improvements in the Treatment of Peat, to obtain therefrom Fibrous
Material for the Manufacture of Paper and for other purposes.
I, ADOLF FESZTY, of Esterhaz, in the Empire of Austria-Hungary, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of the present invention is a process for the production from peat,
of either the fibrous material of cellulose or paper pulp, suitable for the manu-
facture of different kinds of paper, as well as for use in the production of various
articles of manufacture.
The process is carried out as follows:-
The peat which has been previously washed is boiled in dilute acid, such as
hydrochloric or sulphuric acid, or in a solution of acid sulphate salts such as
bisulphate of soda either at an ordinary pressure or at a high pressure, from 2 to 7
atmospheres. The liquid is drawn off, and, after replacement of the elements
which have been used up, can be employed again, whilst the peat that remains
is thoroughly washed with clean water.
The peat so treated is then boiled either in a caustic alkaline solution or in an
alkaline carbonate solution (according to the kind of paper to be manufactured)
at the ordinary pressure or at higher pressure and is continually stirred. The
degree of pressure varies between one atmosphere and seven atmospheres, whilst
the boiling is continued for from one to seven hours. The degree of pressure and
the length of time are not entirely dependent upon the kind of paper to be manu-
factured but also on the nature of the peat to be treated, and which it is known
may vary very much at different parts of the same bed or layer of peat.
The increasing of the pressure allows of a reduction in the quantity of the
alkalies employed. These latter may be entirely dispensed with if the pressure
be raised to from 10 to 15 atmospheres.
The resulting product is then bleached in the ordinary way and afterwards
worked up into paner or other articles of manufacture.
DL: 90th day of Tu 1907
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in the Treatment of Peat, to obtain therefrom Fibrous
Material for the Manufacture of Paper and for other purposes.
I, ADOLF FESZTY, of Esterhaz, in the Empire of Austria-Hungary, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
The object of the present invention is a process for the production from peat

page_text: of either the fibrous material of cellulose or paper pulp, suitable for the manu-
facture of different kinds of paper, as well as for use in the production of various
articles of manufacture.
The process is carried out according to the quality of the peat as follows:-
(1) Where the peat is only slightly decomposed, that is to say, where it still
contains its original vegetable fibres for the greater part in an unchanged
condition,
The peat which has been previously washed is boiled in diluted acid, such as
hydrochloric or sulphuric acid, or in a solution of acid sulphate salts such as
bisulphate of soda either at an ordinary pressure or at a high pressure, from 2 to 7
atmospheres. The quantity of acids or acid salts employed, should be 10 per
cent. by weight of the dry peat used, the solution of the chemicals being diluted
to such an extent that the maximum density of the liquid will be five degrees Bé.
When boiled at atmospheric pressure, the boiling should last from 5 to 6 hours;
when boiled at a pressure of three atmospheres, the boiling should last between
two and three hours. The liquid is drawn off, and, after replacement of the
elements which have been used up, can be employed again, whilst the peat that
remains is thoroughly washed with clean water. (2) Where the peat is highly
decomposed, that is to say, where the original vegetable fibres have already become
carbonized for the greater part. The thoroughly washed peat is, in the same
manner as described above, boiled in the same proportional amount of dilute
acids or solution of acid sulphate salts of the same strength: The boiling must
take place under pressure and in case where this is effected at a pressure of three
atmospheres it should last from 4 to 6 hours. The liquid is again used as in the
above case.
The peat material, obtained according to either of the above described processes
is then boiled either in a caustic alkaline solution or in an alkaline carbonate
solution (according to the kind of paper to be manufactured) at the ordinary
pressure or at higher pressure and is continually stirred. The degree of pressure
varies between one atmosphere and seven atmospheres, whilst the boiling is con-
tinued for from one to seven hours. The degree of pressure and the length of
time are not entirely dependent upon the kind of paper to be manufactured but
also on the nature of the peat to be treated, and which it is known may vary very
much at different parts of the same bed or layer of peat.
If the peat is to be subsequently bleached, the same is boiled with caustic
alkalies. For unbleached.stuff carbonic alkalies may be used. If the product is
to be subsequently bleached it is boiled for two to four hours at a pressure of
from two to four atmospheres. For unbleached material, boiling for two to four
hours at a pressure of one atmosphere is sufficient.
The amount of alkalies employed should be from five to eight per cent, by weight
of the dry peat treated.
For producing certain kinds of paper, especially such as are not subjected to
repeated bending, the treatment of the peat in an alkaline bath may be dispensed
with. The product such as that resulting from the boiling with acid, in this
case, is directly used for the manufacture of paper or the like. Products, which
have been treated with alkalies, serve either directly for the manufacture of paper,
or are bleached in the ordinary manner and are subsequently used for producing
paper or other articles of industry,
The increasing of the pressure allows of a reduction in the quantity of the
alkalies employed. These latter may be entirely dispensed with if the pressure be
raised to from 10 to 15 atmospheres.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed; I declare that what I
claim is:
A process for the production of paper pulp and cellulose from peat, in which the

page_text: pressure, separated from the acid solution and thoroughly washed; and then
treated either with a caustic alkali solution or with an alkaline carbonate solution
(according to the kind of paper to be manufactured) and finally bleaclied:
Dated this 26th day of April 1898.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.