IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ROLLERS OR CYLINDERS FOR CALICO PRINTERS, AND OF TUBES OF COPPER AND BRASS OR MIXTURES OF THOSE METALS
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Bernard Lauth, late of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania,
but now residing at Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanician,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ROLLERS
OR CYLINDERS FOR CALICO PRINTERS, AND OF TUBES OF COPPER AND BRASS
OR MIXTURES OF THOSE METALS."
Sealed the 2nd March 1860, and dated the 3rd September 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Bernard Lauth at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd
September 1859.
I, BERNARD LAUTH, late of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, but now residing at
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanician, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF ROLLERS OR CYLINDERS FOR CALICO PRINTERS, AND OF TUBES OF COPPER AND
BRASS, OR MIXTURES OF THOSE METALS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to a method whereby cylinders for printers and tubes
are brought to any required gauge, and to a smoothness of surface whereby
the operations of turning or drawing through plates are rendered completely
or in great part unnecessary, and consists in submitting the articles to othe
pressure of rollers through which they are drawn after the manner of a draw

page_text: bench, or the rollers themselves may be made to traverse. The grooves in
these rollers are widened towards their outward edges, so as not to produce a
rib or feather, and the articles are turned at periods, so as to bring fresh
portions of their peripheries under action.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Bernard Lauth in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd March 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, BERNARD
LAUTH, late of Pittsberg, Pennsylvania, but now residing at Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, Mechanician, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year.
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Bernard Lauth, Her special licence that I, the said Bernard
Lauth, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Bernard Lauth, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF ROLLERS OR CYLINDERS FOR CALICO PRINTERS, AND TUBES
OF COPPER AND BRASS, OR MIXTURES OF THOSE METALS," upon the condition,
amongst others, that I, the said Bernard Lauth, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Bernard Lauth, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to say :-
My Invention relates to a method whereby rollers or cylinders for printers,
and tubes are brought to any required gauge, and to a smoothness of surface

page_text: whereby the operations of turning or drawing through plates are rendered
wholly or in great part unnecessary. This I accomplish by the action of
rollers, and I will now proceed to describe certain machinery suitable for the
purpose, premising, however, that I do not confine myself thereto, as many
arrangements of mechanism may be adopted to effect the purposes of my
Invention.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the machine, and Fig. 2 a plan or top view.
The main driving shaft is shewn at a, a, upon which there are three
pulleys b, c, d. The shaft a, a*, is divided into two at e, and the middle
pulley c runs loosely thereon. The pulleys b, d, are fast upon their respective
parts a, a, which carry bevel pinions e, e*, gearing into wheels f, f*, mounted
upon shafts 9, 9. These shafts 9, 9*, are provided with toothed pulleys h, h*,
around which an endless chain i passes, the centre of which is shewn by the
blue line in Fig. 1. Within the links of this chain are placed hooks k, carried
by a standard l, which is mounted so as to slide upon a bed m, similar to
that of a lathe or planing machine. The standard 2 carries the rollers n, which
are intended to operate upon the cylinder or tube to be treated according to
my Invention. These rollers are grooved to suit the diameters of the articles
to be operated upon, and I prefer forming such grooves of less depth than
those employed for rolling iron rods hot, and with outward parts bevelled off,
so as to be portions of a larger circle than the inward parts. The rollers are
capable of being brought nearer to each other by screws o turned by toothed
wheels P, and the upper roller is kept against its bearing by means of weighted
levers 4. The bed of the machine is shewn broken off, that is, with two
portions removed, and at each extremity are standards r, upon the upper parts
of which are mounted plates s, capable of sliding in guides. To these plates
are attached chains t, which after passing over toothed pulleys u, are provided
with weights v, by which the plates s are drawn in one direction, but they are
prevented from being drawn in the other direction by clicks w taking into
teeth of ratchet wheels a fast with the pulleys u, which pulleys being provided
with teeth, hold the chains t fast.
Supposing it required to operate upon a cylinder for printers, or upon a
tube, it is placed upon and made fast to a mandril, and is then passed between
the rollers n, the ends of the mandril being attached by clamps or other
means to a plate s. The driving strap, which is now on the loose pulley c is
then passed on to either of the fast pulleys b or d. When the chain i, being
caused to travel will, by means of the hooks k, carry forward the standard
and rollers n, causing the latter to travel upon the article under operation.

page_text: during which the cylinder or tube is held fast at one end by the click and
ratchet wheel w, x, the plate s at the other end, however, being free to move
in the direction of the arrow, will give way for the increased length of the
cylinder or tube caused by the rolling. This may be done backward and
forward as often as desired by shifting the driving strap from the one to the
other of the pulleys b, d. The tube or cylinder during these operations is
turned round occasionally a portion of a revolution so as to present fresh
parts of its periphery to the action of the rollers. When it is desired to do
this, the machine may be stopped by passing the strap into the loose pulley c,
but the motion of the standard 1 may be arrested by withdrawing the hooks k
from the chains i, for which purpose the said hooks are mounted upon levers y
capable of being lifted upon centres z. As the length of the article under
operation increases, it forces the plates s, s, at one end outward, but they are
prevented, as before stated, from moving in the other direction by ratchet
wheels and clicks w, a. The use of the weighted levers q is to keep the upper
roller from the under when introducing or taking out the tube or cylinder.
As the aforesaid operation is carried on, the attendant screws down the top
roller m from time to time, and as before mentioned turns round the cylinder
or tube. It sometimes happens, however, that one side thereof is harder than
another, and will not roll down in the same proportion; that side therefore,
must be operated upon to a greater extent in order to obtain perfect roundness.
The workman will be easily guided in this by occasionally passing the tube
through a gauge which will shew him any inequality, and by this means the
required roundness and diameter may be obtained. This having been done, it
will be found that in addition to the truth of form, a hard polished surface will
have been produced, which will render turning or other equivalent process wholly
or in great part unnecessary.
One of the standards r is made to slide upon its
bed, so as to allow the machine to be used for different lengths of cylinders or
tubes, but it is capable of being fixed in any desired position, so as to with-
stand the drawing action of the rollers.
It will be observed that in this arrangement of machinery the tube or
cylinder is held stationary, and that the rollers are caused to travel thereon,
but that may be reversed if desired, that is to say, the rollers may remain
stationary, and a travelling motion imparted to the plates s, so as to cause
them to draw the articles between the rollers; or instead of these arrangements
pair of rollers may be employed similar to those used for the ordinary process
of rolling metal.
2.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention and

page_text: the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be under-
stood that I claim as secured to me, under the above in part recited Letters
Patent, submitting the aforesaid articles to the action of rollers for the
purposes above set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Bernard Lauth, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Second day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty.
BERNARD LAUTH. (L.S.)
BERNARD LAUTH. (L.S.)