A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD AND MEANS FOR PUTTING DESIGNS UPON GLASS AND OTHER MATERIAL
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Henry Warren, of N° 5 Suffolk Place, Pall
Mall, London, in the County of Middlesex, Artist, for an Invention of
"A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD AND MEANS FOR PUTTING DESIGNS UPON
GLASS AND OTHER MATERIAL"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Henry Warren
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th December 1883.
WILLIAM HENRY WARREN, of N° 5, Suffolk Place, Pall Mall, London, in the
County of Middlesex, Artist, "A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD AND MEANS FOR
PUTTING DESIGNS UPON GLASS AND OTHER MATERIAL
"3
My Invention relates to a method of repeating or duplicating designs upon glass
or other material whereby I am enabled to make exact copies at comparatively
small cost.
I take a design etched upon a flat surface of glass in the ordinary way with acid,
the etched portions being filled up-say with Lamp. Black ground in light furniture
varnish to a thin paste in the proportion of about one third of Lamp Black to two
thirds of the Varnish; or I may use any suitable coloring material for filling up.
Or I take a design in open-work upon a flat surface of any material. through parts
of which light cannot penetrate; Or I take a plate of. glass upon which a design is
simply traced in any color.
This design, hereinafter termed the original, I place against a plate of glass,
preferably white, but I may use colored plates, or against any other flat surface
previously coated with a preparation the composition of which is hereinafter
described, and expose them to light during say about two hours, taking care to
place the plates at such an angle that the strongest light obtainable is thrown upon
them:
I find that ordinary daylight will give me the desired result but I may use
Electric or any suitable artificial light
After being thus exposed I remove the original and immediately place the plate
of glass or other material, hereinafter termed the duplicate, in a darkened room
where it may be kept until required for further operation
. When the duplicate prepared as above described has remained sufficiently long
in the darkened room (I have found half an hour suffice in most cases but this will
be varied as experience may suggest-) I remove it and brush lightly with
Turpentine, Benzine or Kerosine or Coal oil, together or combined, or any
equivalent which will remove such portions of the coating with which this

page_text: duplicate was prepared as above set forth as have not been acted upon by the light;
the parts which have been exposed to the light remaining hard and immovable by
this brushing.
I then wash the duplicate thoroughly clean with soapy water, dry it with fine
saw dust and dust it lightly with a feather duster.
Any indentations or slight recesses which may have been formed in the duplicate
by this brushing, or otherwise, I now fill up with ordinary Asphaltum tracing
color, as is well known to Embossers upon glass.
The design being now duplicated upon the glass with even greater exactness than
if it had been traced by hand in the ordinary way but in a comparatively very
short time and at immeasurably less cost, it may be simply painted, gilt, silvered
or otherwise prepared; or it may be embossed by etching with acid in the ordinary
manner.
The novel preparation with which I coat the plate upon which the duplicate
design is to be produced, before exposing it to the light, I compose in the following
manner:
I take firstly-Asphaltum. (I have found what is known as Dry Egyptian
Asphaltum to answer best) say 20 lbs in weight and place it in any suitable cooking
vessel (preferably heated by steam) I then mix it with Turpentine until it forms a
thick paste and boil it for about five hours at a moderate heat; I then remove the
vessel and allow the mixture to cool sufficiently to permit me to thin it down with
Turpentine to the consistency of ordinary paint and finally I strain it through a
fine sieve into a clean can or receptacle.
I then take say 2 lbs of dry pulverized Bi-chromate of Potash and about 1 of
a lb of Tartaric acid, grind the two together fine in spirit of Turpentine, and put
this into a can bottle or other vessel which I close as hermetically as I conveniently
can and set aside in a dark place until I require a portion of it.
I then prepare the following mixtures:-

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Henry Warren in the Patent Office on the 11th June 1884.
WILLIAM HENRY WARREN of 5 Suffolk Place Pall Mall London in the County
of Middlesex Artist A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD AND MEANS FOR PUTTING
DESIGNS UPON GLASS AND OTHER MATERIAL "
"
My Invention relates to a method of repeating or duplicating designs upon glass
or other material whereby I am enabled to make exact copies at comparatively small
cost.
I take a design etched upon the flat surface of glass, in the ordinary way with
acid, the etched portions being filled up say with Lamp Black ground in light
furniture varnish to a thin paste in the proportion of about one third of Lamp
Black to two thirds of the varnish; or I may use any suitable coloring material
for filling up. Or I take a design in openwork upon a flat surface of any material
through parts of which the light cannot penetrate. Or I take a plate of glass upon.
which a design is simply traced in any color.
This design hereinafter termed the original I place against a plate of glass
preferably white, but in some cases I use colored plates, or against any other flat
surface previously coated with a preparation such as that hereinafter described and
I expose them to light during say about two hours, taking care to place the plates
at such an angle that the strongest light obtainable is thrown upon them. I prefer
exposing the plain side of the original to the light.
I find that ordinary day light will give me the desired result but electric or any
suitable artificial light may be used.
After being thus exposed I remove the original and immediately place the plate
of glass or other material hereinafter termed the duplicate in a darkened room
where it may be kept until required for further operations.
When the duplicate prepared as above described has remained sufficiently long
in the darkened room (I have found half an hour suffice in most cases, but this will
be varied as experience may suggest) I remove it and brush over lightly with
Turpentine, Benzine, or Kerosine or Coal oil, together or combined, or any
equivalent which will remove such portions of the coating with which this
duplicate was prepared as have not been acted upon by the light; while the parts
which have been exposed to the light remaining hard will not be removed by this
brushing but will form a duplicate design or copy.
I then wash the duplicate thoroughly clean with soapy water dry it with fine
Baw dust and dust it lightly with a feather duster.
Any indentations or slight recesses which have been formed in the duplicate by
this brushing, or otherwise, I now fill up with ordinary Asphaltum or tracing colour
as is well known to Embossers upon glass.
The design being now duplicated upon the glass with even greater exactness
than if it had been traced by hand in the ordinary way but in a comparatively
very short time and at immeasurably less cost, it may be simply painted, gilt,
silvered or otherwise prepared; or it may be embossed by etching with acid in the:
ordinary manner.
That is to say, I build around the duplicate a wall of wax, or I simply coat the .
back of this plate or sheet with wax and place it in a tank containing an acid say
fluoric acid of the strength usually employed by Embossers, in sufficient quantity
to cover it sufficiently to permit the acid to eat clean into the plate or sheet to the
depth desired, I then pour the acid off and wash clean in cold water and the plate.
or sheet is ready for placing in a window sash or for any other application, ·

page_text: I would here observe that in preparing an original design upon ordinary sheet
glass I prefer to trace upon what is known as the round or convex side of the sheet,
also that I preferably coat the convex side of the sheet on to which I am going to
repeat the design with my novel preparation, so that there may be no space
between the sheets when placed against each other into which light might
penetrate. Where plate glass is used it is obvious that either surface may be
employed.
It will be understood that by my process I am enabled to repeat the design any
number of times taking it either from the original traced design or from the copy
already produced.
In some cases I take a design not etched but simply traced in color upon the
glass and duplicate it by the same method or I take any openwork pattern, say a
piece of lace, and copy it upon glass or other material by coating this glass or other
material with a preparation or composition such as is hereinafter described and by
exposing the two together to light and operating as above described.
The novel preparation which I find may be advantageously used for coating the
plate upon which the duplicate design is to be produced before exposing it to the
light hereinafter called mixture 3 I compose in the following manner:-
I take firstly-Asphaltum (I have found what is known as Dry Egyptian
Asphaltum, to answer best) say 20 lbs in weight and place it in any suitable
cooking vessel (preferably heated by steam) I then mix it with Turpentine until it
forms a thick paste and boil it for about five hours at a moderate heat; I then
remove the vessel and allow the mixture to cool sufficiently to permit me to thin it
down with Turpentine to the consistency of ordinary paint and finally I strain it
through a fine sieve into a clean can or receptacle.
I then take say 2 lbs of dry pulverized Bichromate of potash and about 1/4 of a lb
of Tartaric Acid, grind the two together fine in Spirits of Turpentine and put this
into a can, bottle or other vessel which I close as hermetically as I conveniently
can and set aside in a dark place until I require a portion of it.
I then prepare the following Mixtures :-
Mixture N° 3.
1/3 of a pint of Varnish such as light furniture varnish.
3/3 of a pint of Asphaltum prepared as above described.
1 Gill of dry Bichromate of potash previously ground fine in Turpentine to
form a paste as above described.
1 Table spoon full of Lamp Black dissolved in one ounce of the Mixture N° 2.
This Mixture N° 3 having being well stirred and thoroughly combined should be
covered up and placed away in a dark room for about five hours to permit it to
settle, the liquid may be then poured into another vessel and is now ready for
application with a brush upon the plate upon which the design is to be duplicated
as hereinbefore described.
The relative proportions above given are not absolute but such as I have found
to answer well in practice and as is obvious the mixtures and their ingredients
may be prepared in any quantity required. Again for some of the ingredients
equivalents may be employed, but those specified will be found successful in
practice..

page_text: All my preparations should be kept in the dark and protected from air and light
as much as possible.
Having now Described the nature of my said Invention and in what manner the
same is or may be performed what I Claim and desire to secure by Letters
Patent is:
Firstly-The method of duplicating or copying designs upon flat surfaces of
glass from a design previously etched upon glass, substantially as described.
Secondly-The manufacture of ornamental plates of glass by applying to their
surfaces duplicates or copies of previously prepared or existing designs, substantially
as described.
Thirdly-The within described preparation or composition used for coating the
surface upon which the design is to be put, compounded of ingredients such as
hereinbefore described in about the relative proportions, quantities, and manner set
forth and specified.
In witness whereof I the said William Henry Warren have hereunto set my
hand and seal this eleventh day of June in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty four.
Signed Sealed and Delivered
by the within named William
Henry Warren in the pre-
sence of
ARTHUR O. BAYLY.
25 Bucklersbury London
E.C.
WILLIAM. HENRY. WARREN (L.S.)