Improvements in Churns.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application. 28th Feb., 1895
Complets Specification Left, 18th Aug., 1895-Accepted, 28th Oct.,, 1895.
Improvements in Churns.
I, PATRICK JOHN BUCKLEY, Farmer of Ļisincalcunnin,, Kanturk in the
County of Cork, Ireland, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in churns, for producing butter from
either milk or gream in such a manner that a current of air, is caused to flop
through the milk or cream under treatment by the action of centrifugal force.
whereby the churning, operation is greatly expedited.
According to this invention the churn consists essentially of an open receptaple,
or tub from the bottom of which, extends a central vertical spindle terminating, at
its upper end in a suitable arm or bracket projecting from an upright post of
frame..
This spindle is furnished with a small pulley, which, ja connected, with a hand.
wheel of comparatively, large diameter by, means, of, suitable gearing, such as, aŋ,
endless.cord or band.
Surrounding the said spindle is a longitudinal sleeve termipating at its lower.end]
ina, hollow dise or, drum which, is, provided with, suitable, lateral, apertures. This
sleeve is formed, with any appropriate means for enabling it to be readily connected,
to the spindle so as to revolve therewith, and at the same time to permit of it, and
the hollow disp or drum to be shifted longitudinally, on said spindle for the purpose
of adjusting the height of the. hollow, disc or drum within, the, receptacle or tub.
The internal, surface of the, receptacle. or tub is, advantageously provided, with a,
series of inclined projections or blades which greatly assist in breaking up the milk
or cream during the gharning. The hollow dise or drum is made in, two, halves
that are capable of fitting ons onto the other so as to permit of ready access to the
interior thereof when desired.
By revolving the before mentioned: hand wheel.a, rapid revolution is imparted to
the vertical spindle and its sleeve, whereby, a. current, of air is induced to flow, down,
said, sleeve into the hollow, diso or drum from which it is, expelled by centrifugal.
force through the aforesaid lateral openings into the body, of the milk or cream,
under, treatment, and, at the same time an effective agitation of the milk or gream, is
produced by the moring mass coming into, contact, with, the before mentioned.
projections or blades on the interior of the receptacle ar tub,
Dated this 28th day of February 1895.

page_text: Improvements in Ohurns.
I PATRICK JOHN BUCKLEY, of Lisincalcunnin, Kanturk, in the County of
Cork, Ireland, Farmor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to improvements in churns for producing butter from
either milk or cream, in such a manner that a current of air is caused to flow
through the milk or cream under treatment by the action of centrifugal force,
whereby the churning operation is greatly expedited.
And in order that this the said invention may be the more readily understood and
carried into practical effect, reference is hereby made to the accompanying sheet of
illustrative drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1. is a side elevation, and
Fig. 2. a front elevation of the 'churn, part being broken away in the latter figure
to more fully shew the working of the invention.
Referring to the drawings, a is an open receptacle or tub, in which is situated 'a
central vertical spindle b surrounded by a longitudinal sleeve 6' terminating .at'its
lower extremity in a hollow dise or drum c, which is provided with lateral
openings o³.
The said sleeve c is provided with a set-screw or its equivalent e³ for the purpose
of readily connecting such sleeve to the spindle b, so as to revolve therewith and at
the same time to permit of such sleeve and the hollow drum aforesaid, being shifted
longitudinally on said spindle, for the purpose of adjusting the height of the hollow
disc or drum c within the aforesaid receptacle or tub a.
The upper end of the spindle 6 carrying the sleeve 6 passes through and has its
bearings in an arm d³ projecting from an upright' post or frame d, the said upper
extremity of the spindle being connected by the coiled spring e, with one end of a
horizontally situated rod f, working in bearings in the said upright post or frame d,
and in a branch of the arm d', the other extremity of the said horizontal rod f
having a rubber-covered pulley f¹ which gears by friction with the periphery of' a
hand-wheel 'g of comparatively large diameter.
The friction-pulley f is held down upon the hand-wheel g. by a spring`or its
equivalent (uot shewn) within or upon the outside of the upright' post or
frame d.
Any other suitable gearing may be employed for revolving the spindle 6 and the
sleeve band hollow disc or drum e connected therewith, in lieu of the coil-spring
and friction-pulley above described. Air-inlets are provided at the upper part
of the enlarged portion of the sleeve b¹.
The internal surface of the receptacle or tub a, is preferably provided with a
series of inclined projections or blades a', which greatly assist in breaking up the
milk or cream during the process of churning. The hollow disc or drum c may be
made in two halves that are capable of fitting one onto the other, so-as-to permit of
ready access to the interior thereof when desirable.
In operation, by revolving the hand-wheel g, a rapid revolution is imparted to
the vertical spindle b and its sleeve & whereby a current of air is induced to enter
the upper openings 6 and flow down said sleeve b' into the hollow disc or drum c,
from whence it is expelled by centrifugal force through the aforesaid lateral
openings c', into the body of the milk or cream undergoing the process of churning,
and at the same time an effective agitation of such milk or cream is produced by
the moving mass coming into contact with the beforementioned projections or
blades a¹, on the interior of the receptacle or tub a.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
3
1. In a churn, the combination with a receptacle or tub, of a revolving spindle
surrounded by a sleeve provided with upper air-inlets and having a drum with
lateral openings and operated by suitable mechanism, substantially as specified and
shewn.
2. In a churn, the combination with a receptacle or tub having inclined
projections upon its interior, of a spindle surrounded by a sleeve capable of a
vertical adjustment, such sleeve having at its lower end a hollow disc or drum
provided with lateral openings, and air-inlets at the upper end of its enlarged
portion, said spindle, sleeve and drum being conjointly revolved by suitable
mechanism, substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated.
3. A churn consisting of a receptacle or tub, having inclined projections upon its
interior, and a vertical spindle surrounded by a sleeve capable of a vertical
adjustment and having at its lower end a hollow disc or drum provided with lateral
openings, and having openings for the admission of air near its upper end, aaid
spindle, sleeve, and drum being capable of revolving; an upright post having an
arm in which works said spindle and its sleeve; a horizontal rod working in said
upright post and connected at one end to said spindle by a coil-spring, and having a
friction-pulley at the other end gearing with a hand-wheel, substantially as described,
and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 13th day of August 1895.
HUGHES & YOUNG,
23, Coleman Street, E.C., Agents for the Applicant.