IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR COVERING THE SELVAGES OF FINISHED AND UNFINISHED FABRICS, AND APPLYING TRADE MARKS AND ORNAMENTATION THERETO, AND FOR EMBOSSING AND OTHERWISE ORNAMENTING THE BODY OF SUCH FABRICS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Worrall, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Dyer, for the Invention of "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR COVERING THE
SELVAGES OF FINISHED AND UNFINISHED FABRICS, AND APPLYING TRADE
MARKS AND ORNAMENTATION THERETO, AND FOR EMBOSSING AND OTHERWISE
ORNAMENTING THE BODY OF SUCH FABRICS."
Sealed the 27th April 1880, and dated the 21st November 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Worrall at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st November 1879.
" IMPROVED
JAMES WORRALL, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Dyer.
MACHINERY FOR COVERING THE SELVAGES OF FINISHED AND UNFINISHED FABRICS,
AND APPLYING TRADE MARKS AND ORNAMENTATION THERETO, AND FOR EMBOSSING
AND OTHERWISE ORNAMENTING THE BODY OF SUCH FABRICS."
This Invention relates to the adaptation to the well known endless chain stretching
machine, as improved by me and patented December 3rd 1873, No. 3969, of certain
mechanical contrivances whereby the selvages of finished and unfinished goods may
be covered, printed upon, or ornamented while the fabric is passing through the
stretching machine, and the face of the fabric ornamented, if desired.
In the Specification of my Patent of 1873 the chains which traverse the work
through the machine travel over chain wheels, which are capable of receiving a
lateral motion for the purpose of stretching the goods in the direction of the weft,
and afterwards of allowing it to contract before doffing.
These chain wheels are adjustable on their axles to suit various widths of fabric,
and I now propose to adapt to the mechanism which gives to the last pair of chain
wheels their lateral motion, printing, embossing, burnishing, or guiding rollers, as
the case may be, for the purpose of causing these rollers to follow the lateral move-
ments of the chain wheels when they are employed for carrying out the operations
above indicated.
In a Provisional Specification filed by me on the 17th day of November 1879, I
have described a mode of raising the pile of cotton and other velvets from the weft
threads, and in doing this I have provided for the overlaying of the selvages by
tapes or strips of paper, which are caused to adhere thereto and protect the cloth at

page_text: the parts where the selvages occur from the action of the travelling cards or
teazles.
This covering of the selvages I propose to effect by means of the machinery which
constitutes a part of the present Invention.
Supposing the fabric which is to have the pile raised is woven of a double breadth,
and, is intended ultimately to be divided lengthwise into two pieces, two pairs of
guiding and pressing rollers will be employed for delivering the strips to the four
selvages.
These strips I previously prepare on one face with an adhesive cement and wind
them onto rollers, which I mount in the machine in rear of a cylinder which receives
the fabric as it is delivered from the travelling chains, and between these rollers and
the cylinder I mount the guiding and pressing rollers in line therewith.
These guiding and pressing rollers I mount upon a shaft parallel to the chain
wheel shaft and the outermost of these rollers I so connect with the chain wheels
that the adjustment of these rollers and the chain wheels will be simultaneously
effected.
The intermediate rollers may be adjusted by hand to suit the varying widths of
the fabric under treatment.
Between the rollers carrying the strips and the guiding rollers I provide a
damping apparatus, which, acting on the adhesive cement, will render the same
tacky and ensure the attachment of the strip to the fabric as it is guided thereto
and pressed thereon while in the act of passing over or around the supporting
cylinder.
By substituting colour boxes and their fittings for the damping apparatus, and
printing rollers for the pressing or guiding rollers, a colour, metallic or otherwise, may
be impressed on the selvages of the fabric, such colour constituting either an enamel,"
an ornamental pattern, or a trade mark, or a combination of two or more of these.
The goods thus treated will be in general finished goods. I also propose, when
applying strips of paper or foil to the selvages of pile fabrics, to print thereon trade
marks frequently repeated, or ornamentation, and thus to give to divided piece
goods selvages of like appearance.
I also propose to emboss the face of pile fabrics with lines or stripes in the direc-
tion of their length, and to cover such embossed lines or stripes with gold or silver
or colour applied by a printing roller, and to burnish such lines by following
pressure rollers.
It will be understood that by setting rollers of various kinds around the cylinder
which receives the stretched fabric the printing, enamelling, and embossing of the
selvages may be carried on at one and the same time, either upon the fabric itself
or upon the strips supplied thereto, whatever may be the width of the fabric under
treatment.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Worrall in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 21st May 1880.
"IMPROVED
JAMES WORRALL, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Dyer.
MACHINERY FOR COVERING THE SELVAGES OF FINISHED AND UNFINISHED FABRICS,
AND APPLYING TRADE MARKS AND ORNAMENTATION THERETO, AND FOR EMBOSSING
AND OTHERWISE ORNAMENTING THE BODY OF SUCH FABRICS."
This Invention relates to the adaptation to the well known endless chain stretching
machine, as improved by me and patented December Third, One thousand eight
hundred and seventy three, No. 3969, of certain mechanical contrivances whereby
the selvages of finished and unfinished goods may be covered, printed upon, or
ornamented while the fabric is passing through the stretching machine, and the face
of the fabric ornamented if desired.
In the Specification of my Patent of One thousand eight hundred and seventy
three the chains which traverse the work through the machine travel over chain
wheels, which are capable of receiving a lateral motion from adjustable guide bars
for the purpose of stretching the fabric in the direction of the weft, and afterwards
of allowing it to contract before doffing.
These chain wheels are made adjustable on their axles to suit various widths of
fabric, and I now propose to adapt to the guide bars which give to the last pair of
chain wheels their lateral motion frames for shifting laterally on their respective
axles printing, embossing, burnishing, or guiding rollers, as the case may be, for the
purpose of causing these rollers to follow the lateral movements of the chain wheels
when they are employed for carrying out the operations above indicated.
In the Specification of a Patent granted to me, and bearing date the Seventeenth
day of November, One thousand eight hundred and seventy nine, I described a mode
of raising the pile of cotton and other velvets from the weft threads, and in doing
this I provided for the overlaying of the selvages by tapes or strips of paper, which
are caused to adhere thereto and protect the cloth at, the parts where the selvages
occur from the action of the travelling cards or teazles.. This covering of the selvages
I propose to effect by preference by means of the machinery which constitutes a
part of the present Invention.
Supposing the fabric which is to have the pile raised is woven of a double
breadth, and is intended ultimately to be divided lengthwise into two pieces, side
and intermediate guiding and pressing rollers will be employed for delivering the
strips to the four selvages.
These strips I previously prepare on one face with an adhesive cement and wind
them onto rollers, which I mount in the machine in rear of a slowly rotating
cylinder which receives the fabric from the travelling chains, and between these
rollers and the cylinder I mount the guiding and pressing rollers in line therewith.
These tape rollers, as well as the guiding and pressing rollers, will be carried by
shafts formed with key ways to permit of their sliding thereon, in order to effect
their proper lateral adjustment. The outermost of these rollers will be connected
with the laterally moving frames before mentioned to ensure their simultaneous and
uniform adjustment, and a damping trough will be required to moisten the adhesive
cement on the tape or strip immediately before its application to the fabric.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 shews in plan view the stretching machine
adapted to the purposes of the carrying out of one part of this Invention, the middle
of the machine being broken away to contract the size of the figure; and Fig. 2 is a
Bide elevation of the machine.
A, A', are the chain wheels at opposite ends of the machine; B, B, are the endless
chains, fitted with tenter pins and travelling through hollow guide bars B¹, B³,
which allow of the pins standing out beyond the upper surface of the bars. The
bars are formed in two parts, which are hinged together at b, and these parts receive

page_text: an independent adjustment from right and left handed screws C, C', as described in
the Specification of my Patent of One thousand eight hundred and seventy three.
Attached to the sides of the main framing are standards D, D, which are fitted
with bearings to receive the axle of a cylinder E, and also the axles of rollers
which are set around that cylinder to act upon the fabric as it passes over the
periphery of the cylinder.
The machine shewn in Figures 1 and 2 is arranged with printing apparatus for
imparting color on an enamelled surface to the selvages of the fabric.
F is a group of guide rollers for stripping the fabric from the chains and delivering
it to the cylinder E, and G is a guide roller on the opposite side of the cylinder for
leading off the fabric when it has received its printing, enamelling, embossing, or
other treatment.
H, H, are ring frames surrounding the ends of the cylinder E, and connected at
bottom with the guide bars B. These frames are connected together at top by a
transverse right and left handed screw I, which receives an axial motion through
spur gearing from the transverse screw C¹. As therefore the guide bars are adjusted
by the turning of the screw C¹ the ring frames H will be caused to move in a
corresponding manner. K, K, are rollers mounted on keyway shafts which turn in
bearings in the standards D, and may be driven, if thought desirable, by gearing
from the axle of the cylinder E, or the rollers may receive an axial motion from
contact with the cloth as it is carried past them by the cylinder E
This cylinder is driven by spur gearing from the axle of the chain wheels A¹, its
surface speed being equal to the surface speed of the tension chains, and it may be
convenient to heat it by the introduction of steam through its trunnions for the
purpose of facilitating the drying of any paint or enamel applied to the fabric.
The axles of the rollers K, K', pass through the frames H to their bearings in the
standards D, and the rollers are connected to these frames by ring clutches which
permit of their rotating freely with their axles, while their lateral adjustment is
secured by the movement of the frames under the action of the adjusting screws
C¹ and I.
The rollers K. represent printing rollers which rotate in contact with fountain
rollers L mounted in colour troughs L' carried by the ring frames H.
As the central rollers for acting upon the middle selvages (supposing a double
width of fabric to be under treatment) will require no adjustment they may be
made fast to the shafts which carry the adjustable rollers, and the central colour
trough will be carried by a fixed bar from the main framing. Thus the adjustment
ef the side rollers and troughs to suit varying widths of fabric will not affect the
central rollers and colour trough.
The Drawings shew the standards D fitted with empty bearings; these may
receive the shafts of embossing or other rollers, as required for the work in hand.
The two rollers K, K¹, may be supposed to be employed, the one in applying a
gold or other metallic ground color to the fabric, and the roller K¹ in burnishing
the same.
Patterns however may be formed on the printing roller, and used to impress &
pattern on a previously prepared ground forined on the selvages.
The goods treated after this manner will be in general finished goods.
Fig. 3 shews in sectional elevation a modification of the above described machine
for adapting it to the covering of the selvages with tapes or strips for protecting
the same from the action of the cards when the fabric is submitted to a transverse
carding or teazling action to raise a pile from the weft threads.
In this Figure M is a roller carrying a coil of tape or other suitable fabric for
covering the selvages, and N is the damping apparatus for imparting moisture to
the cemented side of the tape or strip in its passage to the applying roller K, which
lays it upon the fabric ready to be impressed thereon by the roller K'.
1
A
The arrangement shewn in Fig. 3 I also propose to use in applying to the a
selvages of finished goods strips of paper or foil for covering these selvages, and
upon this covering 1 print after the manner above explained trade marks frequently

page_text: repeated, or ornamentation, and thus give to divided piece goods selvages of like
appearance at both edges.
It will be understood that by setting rollers of various kinds around the cylinder
which receives the stretched fabric the printing or enamelling and embossing of the
selvages may be carried on at one and the same time, either upon the fabric itself
or upon the strips supplied thereto, whatever may be the width of the fabric under
treatment.
In some cases I propose, while acting upon the selvages in the manner above
explained, to ornament the pile face of the fabric by embossing the same with lines
or stripes in the direction of their length, and to cover such embossed lines or stripes
with gold or silver or color applied by a printing roller, and to burnish such lines
by following pressure rollers rotated preferably at a superior surface speed to that
at which the fabric is travelling. For this purpose I mount the additional rollers
adjustably on the shafts, which have their bearings in the standards D, and the
additional color troughs I mount in the manner explained with reference to the
central colour trough used in printing or enamelling the middle or divided selvages.
Having now set forth the nature of my Invention of "Improved Machinery for
Covering the Selvages of Finished and Unfinished Fabrics, and Applying Trade
Marks and Ornamentation thereto, and for Embossing and otherwise Ornamenting
the Body of such Fabrics," and having explained the manner of carrying the same
into effect, I wish it to be understood that under the above in part recited Letters
Patent I claim the arrangement of machinery above described, or any mere modifi-
cation thereof, whereby the selvages of unfinished or finished pile fabrics may be
covered, and have marked thereon trade marks and ornamental or other devices, and
simultaneously therewith lines or stripes, produced by embossing or by printing in
metallic or other colors, may be applied to the body of such fabrics, as and for the
purpose above set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Worrall, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, the Nineteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty.
JAMES WORRALL. (L.S.)