Improvements in or relating to Motors for the Propulsion of Cycles, Cars, Carriages, Vans, or other like Machines or Vehicles.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Sept., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 29th June, 1898-Accepted, 30th Sept., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Motors for the Propulsion of Cycles,
Cars, Carriages, Vans, or other like Machines or Vehicles.
I, THOMAS EDWARD SENIOR, of No. 8, Upper Third Avenue, New Wortley,
Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in motors for the propulsion of cycles,
cars, carriages, vans, or other like machines or vehicles, all of which for con-
venience of description are hereinafter termed and included in the term
machine," by hydraulic pressure, or hydraulic and pneumatic pressure
combined.
The object of the invention is to provide a simple, effective, and comparatively
light motor that may be readily applied to the machine, from which there is no
offensive odours given off, and which is not liable to readily explode..
The
According to this invention to the framework or under carriage of the machine
is fixed or attached by any convenient means a pressure cylinder which in the
first instance is filled with water under pressure from any suitable source.
pressure cylinder consists, say, of a cylindrical vessel which is first filled to
the required pressure, by, say, a hand pump, and afterwards maintained at the
required pressure by the hereinafter described pump, employed for quickly return-
ing the water from the tank to the pressure cylinder. In communication with
the pressure cylinder is a motor of any suitable construction, say for instance,
consisting of a cylinder divided, if required, into two compartments, each con-
taining a disc mounted upon a shaft or shafts carried in suitable bearings. The
disc or discs are each provided with a number of suitably shaped blades capable
of being acted upon by the water as it passes from the pressure cylinder to a
second cylinder or tank.
Provision may be made, if desired, by suitable means, for each compartment
of the motor cylinder to be worked wholly by hydraulic pressure, or by hydraulic
and pneumatic pressure combined. That is to say, in the latter case, a suitable
number of inlets and outlets, and valve or valves, may be provided for the
admission of atmospheric air under pressure, from any suitable source, say an
air pump. to the compartment, after a given quantity of water from the pressure
cylinder has been admitted thereto. The opening or closing of these inlets,
outlets, and valves may be accomplished automatically or by hand. The motor
may be connected with the driving wheel or pedals of the machine by any
suitable arrangement of gearing or levers, or chains or belts, or a combination
of two or more of them, or it or their equivalents.
In order to relieve the motor cylinder of any back pressure any suitable
arrangement of mechanism, such as for example, two revolving discs armed
with a number of blades arranged to mesh with each other and form a kind of
centrifugal water bucket, may be employed, as well as for assisting in the return
of the water from the tank to the pressure cylinder.

page_text: A hand or other pump may also be employed for quickly returning the water
from the tank to the pressure cylinder as required.
The various cylinders, tanks, and motor may be in communication with each
other by suitable pipes.
THOMAS EDWARD SENIOR,
By W. Fairburn-Hart,
Agent.
Improvements in or relating to Motors for the Propulsion of Cycles,
Cars, Carriages, Vans, or other like Machines or Vehicles:
I, THOMAS EDWARD SENIOR, formerly of No. 8, Upper Third Avenue, New
Wortley, Leeds, in the County of York, but now of No. 3, Eighteenth Avenue,
New Wortley, Leeds, aforesaid, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
-
This invention relates to improvements in motors for the propulsion of cycles,
cars, carriages, vans, or other like machines or vehicles, all of which for con-
venience of description are hereinafter termed and included in the term
machine," by hydraulic pressure, or hydraulic and pneumatic pressure
combined. The invention is also capable of being used in place of a stationary
engine for imparting motion to machinery.
«
The object of the invention is to provide a simple, effective, and comparatively
light motor that may be readily applied to the machine, from which there are no
offensive odours given off, and which is not liable to readily explode.
I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying
drawings, in which:-
Fig. 1 is a part side and part sectional elevation of the entire machine.
Fig. 2 a part back and part sectional elevation of the entire machine.
Fig. 3 a plan looking at the top.
Fig. 4 a sectional elevation on line a Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 an enlarged sectional elevation of reversing motor.
Fig. 6 a side elevation of same.
Fig. 7 an outside view of a tricycle showing the framework for receiving the
motor.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the views.
A is the bed plate upon which the various parts of the motor are mounted.
The bed plate is bolted or otherwise fixed to lugs a provided for its reception
on the inside of the water tank B.
The tank B may be filled with water by any suitable means from any suitable
source.
C is a water pressure cylinder fixed upon the top of the bed plate, and which
in the first instance is filled with water under pressure from the tank B or any
suitable source, such as for instance, say, by a hand pump D, also fixed upon the
bed plate A, through pipe D'. The pressure cylinder C consists say, of a cylin-
drical metal vessel which is first filled to the required pressure by, say, a hand
pump D (armed with a suction pipe D depending into tank B), and afterwards
maintained at the required pressure by the hereinafter described
ployed for quickly returning the water from the tank B to the pressure
pump F em-
cylinder C.

page_text: E is an air pressure cylinder fixed to the bed plate A which may be first filled
to the required pressure by a hand pump E through pipe E3 or by other equiva-
lent means and afterwards maintained by air cylinder G.
The air pressure
cylinder is preferably though not necessarily so arranged near to the water
pressure cylinder and parallel thereto as shown.
The pumps F and G, mounted upon the bed plate A, are actuated by a separate
motor, hereafter termed the pressure motor H, mounted upon bed plate A, and
which is somewhat similar to the reversing motor shown at Figs. 5 and 6 to be
presently described, but in this instance only one disc and one set of curved
blades are employed. The required water for operating this motor is obtained
from the pressure cylinder C through pipes I armed with stop cock 12. On the
driving shaft H¹ of the pressure motor H is mounted at one end a fly wheel,
and at the opposite end a worm H2 gearing into worm wheel H³ on shaft H
carried in suitable bearings on the bed plate. On the shaft H is mounted an
eccentric H which works in the straps He fixed respectively to the outer ends
of the piston rods FG upon which the pistons F2 G2 are mounted.
Air is admitted to air cylinder G at both ends through openings or aper-
tures G³ closed by valves of ordinary construction arranged to automatically
close when the piston G2 is being reciprocated towards one end of the cylinder,
and to open at the end from which the piston is receding. Air is conveyed from
the cylinder G to the air pressure cylinder E through pipes G4 armed with suit-
able clack or other valves to prevent the return of the air from the air pressure
cylinder E to the cylinder G. G5 is a safety valve to prevent the pressure
cylinder E being damaged by over-pressure.
The water from the tank B is drawn up through suction pipe F3 into cylinder F,
and passes from thence into the water pressure cylinder C through valves arranged
in clack box J and pipes J¹ and D¹.
J2 is a safety valve for preventing over-pressure in the water pressure cylinder C.
J is a suction pipe the ends of which are arranged to communicate at its
respective ends with the tank B and clack box J.
•
In communication with the pressure cylinder C is a reversing motor of any
suitable construction, say, for instance, consisting of a cylinder K divided into
two compartments by rings K¹. In each compartment rotates respectively the
discs K2 K3 mounted upon a shaft K carried in suitable bearings.
The disc or discs K2 K³ are each provided with a number of suitably shaped
blades Ks capable of being acted upon by the water as it passes from the pressure
cylinder C through pipe I (armed with valve I³) valve box K and one of the ports
to the top portion of one set of blades K³, and the air from the air pressure
cylinder E is passed to the lower portion of the same set of blades through
pipe L armed with valve L'. Air and water is only admitted sumultaneously
to one set of blades at a time.
The blades K in the discs K2 K3 are arranged in opposite directions.
M is a reversing lever provided with a spindle M' upon which the valves K' K8
are mounted. Only one of the ports K9 K10 are open at a time.
N is an exhaust port for the water, and is in communication with tank B.
Any air that does not escape from cylinder K through port N, may pass out
through one of the air exhaust ports or pipes N¹ at or near the top of cylinder K.
Provision may be made, if so desired, by suitable means, for each compartment
of the reversing cylinder K to be worked wholly by hydraulic pressure, or by
hydraulic and pneumatic pressure combined as described. That is to say, in
the latter case, a suitable number of inlets and outlets, and valve or valves, may
be provided for the admission of atmospheric air under pressure to the bottom
of the blades, from any suitable source, say an air cylinder E, to the compart-
ment either simultaneously with or after a given quantity of water from the
pressure cylinder C has been admitted thereto. The opening or closing of these
inlets, outlets, and valves may be accomplished automatically or by hand. The
reversing motor may be connected with the driving wheel or pedals

page_text: or driving shaft O of the machine by any suitable arrangement of
gearing or levers, or chains or belts, or a combination of two or more of them,
or it or their equivalents. In the drawings a worm P is shown mounted on the
shaft and arranged to gear with worm wheel P mounted on the driving
shaft U.
Q is a fly wheel also mounted on shaft K¹.
R is a chain or other wheel for conveying motion by a chain R¹ from the
driving shaft O to the shaft or axle T on which the wheels S' of the tricycle are.
mounted as shown at Fig. 7.
S is a tricycle provided with wheels S S², handle bar S3 and sides S arranged
to form wheel guards and to enclose the tank B and various parts of the motor
mounted upon the bed plate A.
In order to relieve the motor cylinder of any back pressure any suitable
arrangement of mechanism, such as for example, two revolving discs armed with
a number of blades arranged to mesh with each other and form a kind of centri-
fugal water bucket, may be employed, as well as for assisting in the return of
the water from the tank to the pressure cylinder.
The hand or other pump D may also be employed for quickly returning the
water from the tank to the pressure cylinder as required.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-
The tank B is first filled to a suitable height with water.
The water pressure
cylinder is then filled to the required pressure by the hand pump D.
The air pressure cylinder E is also filled to the required pressure by the hand
pump E. When this has been done water may be admitted to the pressure
motor H through valve I³ for operating the pistons F2 G3 which reciprocate respec-
tively in the cylinders F and G for maintaining the pressures in the pressure
cylinders C and E as previously described. On opening valves 13 and L' and
regulating lever M so that port K9 will be open, water from pressure cylinder C
will be admitted at or near to the top side of one set of the blades K5 fitted to
disc K2 of the reversing motor, simultaneously with air from pressure cylinder E
admitted to the same set of blades on the lower portion thereof for imparting
the requisite rotary motion to the shaft K and from thence to the driving shaft O
of the machine through worm P and worm wheel P¹. The exhaust water and
air being allowed to pass respectively out of the compartment of cylinder K
through exhaust port N and pipe N¹.
When the lever M is reversed so that port K is closed and port K10 opened
the water and air will be admitted to the blades K5 (which are curved in an
opposite direction to those fitted to disc K²) of disc K³ in a similar manner to
that already described when the shafts K and will be caused to rotate in an
opposite direction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is: -
1. The improvements in or relating to motors for the propulsion of cycles,
cars, carriages, vans, and other like machines or vehicles consisting essentially
of a bed plate mounted over a water tank fixed to the framework of the machine
or vehicle, a water pressure cylinder and an air pressure cylinder both mounted
upon the said bed plate near to each other, a hand pump with a suction pipe
depending into the said water tank for filling the water pressure cylinder from
said tank, a hand pump for filling the air pressure cylinder, and pipes armed
with valves for communicating with a reversing motor geared to the driving
shaft of the machine, all arranged as set forth.
2. In a motor operated by the combined pressures of water and air the com-
bination of a bed plate arranged to be mounted upon a water tank capable of
being fixed to the framework of the machine or vehicle, said bed plate having

page_text: mounted thereon a water pressure cylinder armed with a safety valve, a hand
pump with a suction pipe depending into said tank for filling the said cylinder
with water under pressure from said tank, an air pressure cylinder adjacent
to the said water pressure cylinder armed with a safety valve, a hand pump for
filling the said air cylinder to the required pressure, pipes armed with self acting
valves on opposite sides of the bed plate for connecting the said two hand pumps
to their respective pressure cylinders, a water motor connected by a pipe,-
armed with a valve, to the water pressure cylinder by which it is driven for
actuating the mechanism for maintaining the pressures in the water and air
pressure cylinders, consisting of a water pump, with suction pipe depending
into tank, and an air pump, pistons reciprocating in the cylinders of said pumps
and armed with piston rods, the outer ends of which are coupled together by an
eccentric strap, an eccentric mounted upon the main shaft of the pressure motor
and rotating in the said eccentric strap for operating both pistons simultaneously
and a reversing motor geared to the driving shaft of the machine, and connected
by pipes armed with self acting valves respectively to the water and air pressure
cylinders, all arranged as described and illustrated.
3. In a motor operated by the combined pressures of water and air, the com-
bination of a bed plate mounted upon a water tank having fixed thereon a water
pump with suction pipe depending into tank, and an air pump, pistons recipro-
cating in the cylinders of said pumps and armed with piston rods,. the outer
ends of which are coupled together by an eccentric strap, an eccentric mounted
upon the main shaft of the pressure motor and rotating in the said eccentric
strap for operating both pistons simultaneously, with a water pressure cylinder
and an air pressure cylinder each armed with safety valves and connected by
pipes armed with self acting valves respectively to the said water and air pumps
and water motor, all as set forth.
4. In a motor operated by the combined pressures of water and air, the com-
bination of a cylinder K divided into two compartments and armed with rings K',
said cylinder also being provided with ports K K10, exhaust port N and exhaust
pipes N, a valve chest K on top of said cylinder, valves K' K8 mounted on
spindle M and working intermittently in said valve chest over said ports K, K10,
lever M jointed to said cylinder for intermittently operating valves K7 K8, water
inlet pipes N¹,-armed with valves,-arranged near the top of the cylinder,
air inlet pipes,-armed with valves,-near base of cylinder, a central horizontal
shaft mounted in bearings passing through centre of cylinder, discs K2 K3
mounted upon said shaft each armed with blades K curved in opposite directions
and rotating in separate compartments of the cylinder, and a fly wheel mounted
upon the said shaft all arranged as and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this Twenty-eighth day of June 1898