IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Roberts and John Bridges, of No. 20.
Ponsonby Place, Vauxhall Bridge Road, in the County of Middlesex,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES
"
Sealed the 15th July 1859, and dated the 21st April 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Roberts and John
Bridges at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 21st April 1859.
We, GEORGE ROBERTS and JOHN BRIDGES, of No. 20, Ponsonby Place,
Vauxhall Bridge Road, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES,"
to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to manufacture candles at a cheaper rate
than heretofore, at the same time rendering them more luminous than candles
at present in use, and is effected in the following manner:-The wick is first
dipped into the tallow to obtain a certain substance, and after getting cool is
then dipped into a composition of tallow, resin, and pitch, or resin and tallow,
or pitch and tallow, or other mineral or vegetable matter which will have the
same effect in the proportion of about eight parts of tallow to two or more of
the other material. When cool it is again dipped into the tallow and so on,
ving layer for layer, as required, until the sized is obtained, invariably keeping

page_text: layer of tallow on the outer surface. These candles can be burnt either with
plaited or common wicks.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Roberts and John Bridges in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 20th October 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
ROBERTS and JOHN BRIDGES, of No. 20, Ponsonby Place, Vauxhall Bridge
Road, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the 21st day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the 22nd year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said George
Roberts and John Bridges, Her special licence that we, the said George Roberts
and John Bridges, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
ns wc, the said George Roberts and John Bridges, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said George Roberts and
John Bridges, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under both, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said George Roberts and John Bridges, do
hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
The object is to manufacture candles at a cheaper rate than heretofore,
at the same time rendering them more luminous than candles at present in
use, and is effected in the following manner:--The wick is first dipped, int
•

page_text: the tallow to obtain a certain substance, and after getting cool is then dipped
into a compostion of tallow, resin, and pitch, or resin and tallow, or pitch and
tallow, or other mineral or vegetable matter which will have the same effect
in the proportion of about eight parts of tallow to two or more of the other
material; when cool it is again dipped into the tallow, and giving layer for
layer, as required, until the size is obtained, invariably keeping a layer of tallow
on the outer surface. These candles can be burnt with plaited or common
wicks. For moulded candles those already dipped can be placed in warm
moulds in two halves, and pressed to give them the required form. These
candles are to be moulded with a rod down their centres, and when cool the rod
is withdrawn and the wick then inserted after being tallowed; the material
before mentioned is then poured into the space between the wick and the
casing of the candle. To make hard mould candles we use the mixture before
mentioned in combination with wax, either vegetable or bees'-wax, sterine,
sperm, or other hard material in the same manner as those made of soft material.
Having now fully described the nature and object of our said Invention of
improvements in the manufacture of candles, together with the manner in
which the same is to be performed, we would remark in conclusion that we
do not confine or restrict ourselves to the precise details herein described, as
many slight alterations may be made therein without in any way departing
from the principle of our Invention; but what we claim as our Invention
intended to be secured to us by the herein in part recited Letters Patent is
the making of candles of the materials above mentioned, or other such like
materials between one or more layers of clear substance, either tallow, wax,
sperm, sterine, or whatever material the candle is desired to be made of, in
the manner herein-before described and set forth.
In witness whereof, we, the said George Roberts and John Bridges,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this 20th day of October,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
0
GEORGE ROBERTS. (L.S.)
Witness,
ELIZABETH LAWTON.
JOHN BRIDGES.
(L.S.)