IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRO-MAGNETIC PUNCTURING OR STENCIL- PENS AND PRINTING APPARATUS FOR STENCILLED PLATES OR PAPER
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joshua Moses Josias, of the City of New York, in the
County and State of New York, in the United States of America, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRO-MAGNETIC PUNCTURING OR STENCIL-
PENS AND PRINTING APPARATUS FOR STENCILLED PLATES OR PAPER."
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Joshua Moses Josias at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th May 1879.
JOSHUA MOSES JOSIAS, of the City of New York, in the County and State of
New York, in the United States of America. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRO-
MAGNETIC PUNCTURING OR STENCIL-PENS AND PRINTING APPARATUS FOR STEN-
CILLED PLATES OR PAPER."
My said Invention consists, first, in an electro-magnetic puncturing pen con-
structed with the puncturing-needle, the electro-magnet, and the battery, so that
they form one compact portable instrument, all the parts thereof being enclosed or
shielded in a suitable case capable of being conveniently carried in the pocket or
about one's person, and of being used anywhere like an ordinary writing pen; and,
secondly, in the peculiar construction of a roller saturated with suitable ink or
color, and provided with an internal loose weight to press out the ink or color for
printing through the punctured plate or paper upon the required material.
In order to explain the Invention as completely as possible I now proceed to
describe the best means I am acquainted with for carrying the same into practical
effect, reference being had to the illustrated Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed
and to the numerical figures and letters of reference marked thereon respectively as
follows:-
--
Figure I. represents a central longitudinal section of the pen; Figure II. is a
side-view of the same; and Figure III. is a section of the case C; Figure IV. is a
longitudinal section of the printing roller; and Figure V., a cross-section of the.
same.
The accompanying Drawing represents my Invention reduced to a complete
practical form and construction, although I do not confine myself to the special
construction of the various parts thereof, as therein shown and described in the
following Specification, since they may vary at will provided the essential features
of the Invention, as herein set forth, are retained.

page_text: The tube A. of the pen enclosing and guiding the needle B and the said needle
may be of usual construction.
The electro-magnet D, by the action of which the reciprocating motions of the
needle are produced, is enclosed in a small case C screwed or otherwise secured upon
the upper end of the tube A, and the battery is enclosed in a case Ḥ screwed or
otherwise secured upon the upper end of the case C, or attached near the same at
any convenient position. It is to be understood that these two cases are made
separately for conveniencè in construction and use. These might be simply two
chambers in a single case properly insulated and separated from each other by a
partition equivalent to the tight bottom m of the battery case H. For the purposes
of the Invention the two cases or compartiments are made of a non-conducting
material, hard rubber being a very suitable material for the same.
The electro-magnet D, which is generally made with two arms and wire-spools, is
mounted on a suitable holder E secured to one side of the case C, and this holder
forms part of the electric circuit, thus conducting the electric current to the spring-
lever F, one end of which is secured thereto, and the other end of the same has the
upper end of the needle B attached to it. The magnet-armature is also secured to
this spring-lever; as shown.
The needle also forms part of the circuit down as far as to a point i where the
circuit is to be broken and closed in connection with a pin h projecting inward to
the needle from the side of the case C opposite. This pin H connects with a
metallic strip or rod G reaching therefrom up to the top of the case C. One end a
of the magnet wire also reaches up to the top of this case C on the side opposite to
or at a point sufficiently separated from the strip or rod G.
The construction of the battery which I have adapted to this use is as follows:-
A carbon cylinder K. is arranged concentrically in the upper- or battery-case H
with a sufficient space around it in the said case, the lower end of the cylinder
being closed by a bottom & of glass or other nonconducting material. Also around
the upper end of the carbon-cylinder K is a ring of non-conducting inaterial
fitting closely between the cylinder and the interior surface of the case E, thus
holding the cylinder securely in position. It also holds a zinc-cylinder J between
the carbon cylinder and the case and some distance from either. From the upper.
edge of the zinc cylinder J a metallic strip or rod L extends upward to the top of
the case, and is there bent outward and downward on the outside of the case if
required, so as to come in contact with a fixed metallic strip or rod N on the
outside of the case, and extending down into contact with the strip or rod G on
the case C, thereby completing a circuit between the zinc-pole of the battery and
the pin 7.
From a carbon plug P fitting into the upper end of the carbon-cylinder K a
metallic strip or wire w extends upward through the cover or cap R of the case H,
and is connected with the upper end of a fixed metallic strip or rod M on the
outside of the said case H and reaching down into contact with the wire a of the
electro-magnet, thus forming a metallic circuit between the carbon pole of the
battery and the magnet coils, and through the latter and the spring lever F and
needle B to the point ȧ of breaking and closing the circuit.
The plug P and ring b keep the fluids of the battery in their proper cells or
chambers. These fluids may be :-A few drops of nitric-acid within or saturating
the carbon cylinder K and diluted sulphuric acid, say of the strength of one part
of the acid to eight parts of water, poured into the space outside of the carbon-
cylinder and immersing the zinc-cylinder J.
The battery may be brought out of action by raising the cylinders J and K out
of the diluted acid mixture.
The battery being in action as the current passes through the coils of the electro-
magnet the armature thereof is drawn downward, thereby forcing downward the
spring-lever F and the needle B and puncturing the paper below. But in the act
of forcing down the needle the circuit is broken at the point when the force of
the spring-lever F immediately raises the needle out of the punctured paper

page_text: beneath. This raising of the needle again closes the circuit when it is instantly
forced down again, and thus the reciprocations of the needle are automatically kept
up in rapid succession.
The upward motion of the needle and spring lever is conveniently limited by a
projection on the top of said spring-lever striking against the bottom m of the
case H.
In order to stop the motions of the needle the electric current is permanently
broken by separating the two metallic strips Land N, which is conveniently effected
by turning the cap R of the case H, as indicated in Figure II., the strip L
extending through a notch in the cover or otherwise coupled to the same so as to
be moved by it; or the motion of the needle may be stopped and the electric current
broken by disconnecting the wire w from the end of the strip or rod M.
Punctured papers or plates made by instruments similar to the above described
are at present printed from by fixing the material in a suitable press or frame over
which the stencil plate is fastened, when a common inking-roller is applied on the
surface of the stencil plate or paper to press the ink through the punctured holes
upon the material. This requires a separate place for mixing and preserving the
ink to be applied to the printing roller, and at the same time the imaterial to be
printed upon depends and is regulated by the size of the press.
My improved printing apparatus consists of a hollow roller X with solid end-
pieces n, n, and a finely perforated shell T. Suitable centres p, p, are attached to
the end or head-pieces n, n', turning freely in the ends of the arms of the handle U.
Around the outside of the perforated shell T a felt covering W is attached, and on
the inside of said perforated shell a similar layer of felt V or any other equivalent
material is attached. In the interior of this hollow roller X a metal roller S is
placed. To the perforated shell projecting pins g placed in a straight line are
attached, over which a bar or rod Y is placed, hinged to one of the end pieces n
and fastened at the other end piece n¹ so as to lay tight against the face of the felt
covering W.
Around one of the centres p a suitable spring Z is placed, one end of
which is fastened to the said centre p and its other end to the arm of the handle,
and so arranged that the turning of this roller will tighten the spring so as to turn
A suitablo
the roller back again after having made the desired revolution.
projection is attached to the end-piece n, coming in contact with the arm of the
handle U to regulate the amount of motion of the roller X. Through a suitable
opening a in one of the heads of the roller the fluid ink or color is put into this
hollow roller so as to saturate the felt lining V throughly and penetrate through
the perforated side T of the roller into the outer felt lining or cover W.
The punctured or stencilled plate or paper is attached around the outside of the
felt W by means of the pins g and the clamp-bar or rod Y, so as to lay smooth and
tight around the same, when the roller will be ready for printing. When the roller
is placed upon the material upon which the stencilled design is to be printed and
moved over the surface, the weight or roller S in its inside will move by its own
weight and gravity over the inner felt lining V, and press the ink or color through
the same through the perforated shell T and outer felt-covering W, and through the
punctured holes in the stencil plate upon the material.
The hollow roller X may be divided in several parts, either longitudinally or cross-
ways, by solid partitions with suitable weights in each compartment, when different
colors may be used in each division of the roller.
Having now fully described and set forth my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I wish it understood that I claim,-
First. An electro-magnetic puncturing pen constructed with the puncturing
needle, the electro-magnet, and the battery united as one instrument, substantially
as and for the purpose specified.
Second. An electro-magnetic puncturing pen constructed with all its parts
mounted and contained in an inclosing case, substantially as and for the purpose
herein described.

page_text: Third. The electro-magnet D inclosed in a non-conducting case C, substantially
as described.
Fourth. The battery inclosed in a non-conducting case or case-compartment H,
substantially as described.
Fifth. The combination of the two insulated cases or compartments C and H,
one containing the electro-magnet and the other containing the battery with a
tube A and needle B, substantially as herein specified.
Sixth. The combination of the metallic strips or rods G, N, L, and M, forming
part of the electric circuit, and arranged on or in the pen-case, substantially as
specified.
Seventh. The combination of the inner strip L moved by the turning of the cap
of the case H and the outer strip N, substantially as and for the purpose specified."
Eighth. The battery constructed with the carbon cylinder K and carbon plug P,
zinc cylinder J, and holding ring b, substantially as and for the purpose herein
specified.
Ninth. A perforated hollow roller X covered with felt W and lined with a similar
layer of felt V or its equivalent, and with or without a loose weight or roller S in
its inside, arranged to operate when saturated with ink or color, and covered-with
the stencil plate or paper, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joshua Moses Josias, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Ninth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy nine.
In presence of
HENRY E. ROEDER,
Patent Agent,
304, Broadway,
New York.
JOSHUA MOSES JOSIAS. (L.S.)