Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Apr., 1886.
Complete Left, 31st Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 8th Feb., 1887
We ARCHIBALD BURN and JOHN MACDONALD, both of the firm of Burn & Baillie,
Plumbers, of 63 Hanover Street, in the city and county of Edinburgh, do hereby
declare the nature of our invention to be as follows:-
Our said invention has reference to special new or improved constructions, arrange-
ments, and combinations of valves, cocks, and other fittings for regulating and supplying
cold and hot water to plunge, shower and spray baths, and to wave or douche baths,
outwards from above or upwards from below. These improved fittings will be more
convenient in action and of a more compact and portable form for being supplied and
fitted to enclosed canopy plunge, shower, and other baths than such fittings have been
as heretofore made.
Our first and main improvement consists as follows:-The hot and cold water pipes
have each an ordinary screw coupling soldered to them, which is fitted on the back
straight screw coupling branch of a small valve chamber with a screw-down face disc
or plug valve on the seat in front of the branch on the inner end of its actuating hand
screw spindle working in and straight out through stuffing boxes in the front end of
the valve chest. Each valve chest has a lateral screw branch outside of the valve
leading towards each other and jointed together by their two short screw or coupling
branches to a central common combining coupling chamber with outlet screw branch
in front forming the inner entering chamber of a hollow key cock, and where the hot
and cold water unite in any desired proportion, according as the valves in their screw
valve chests are opened or closed, and flow out through the said front end of this central
combining chamber. On the front of this central chamber is formed or secured the
inner end of the outlet radial branch chamber or cock of a hollow key arrangement,
having its turning hand spindle also passing out through a stuffing-box of this cock in
the front cover, preferably projecting out further than the hot and cold water valve
spindles on each side of it, so that its hand lever would turn freely without the fingers
touching the star hand wheels on the small valves on each side of it. This valve and
hollow key cock arrangement would all be screwed on the back of one side of the

page_text: wood facings or other concealed part close to the enclosed canopy, so that the near
ends of all the water pipes would be jointed by convenient short elbow branches and
screw couplings to the short radial screw branches of the cock case, all inside and
concealed. The several pipes lead to the respective parts of the bath where the water
is required, while the regulating hand spindles project out through their stuffing boxes
and ornamental washers and front supporting or portable ornamental plate of marble,
porcelain, or other equivalent, screwed on the front of the woodwork of the bath, all
convenient to the hand of the bather to be turned and regulate the quantity and force
of the water desired to the different parts of the bath, all by the position of the central
spindle and hand lever. The hollow key would only have one lateral hole in it, which
when turned by its lever to the different radial branches round it, would lead the hot
or cold water, supplied and regulated, as before stated, to the inner end of the hollow
key, to the plunge bath, the shower bath, or the upper or lower wave bath, or other
jet bath. A pointer is secured on the outside, of the spindle to be turned to the names
of these baths written on the ornamental washer; or the pointer of this handle and
hollow cock might be turned-to a mean position between two of the radial branches
and lead part of the water to two of the baths at the same time, as partly shower and
partly spray, or partly spray and partly douche. But the quantity or strength of
current and temperature of the water would be regulated by the two smaller valves
and spindles of the hot and cold water on each side of the central distributing cock,
and be thoroughly mixed in the combining chamber and hollow key before passing
into the bath. The waste water discharge plug and handle arrangement might all be
fitted as usual close to this distributing cock and valve arrangement and the pipes and
fittings leading to the shower bath, or circumferential or vertical perforated pipes
round the enclosed canopy for giving the radial spray would also be fitted as usual.
29
A further improvement of our invention has reference to an improved construction
of brass or other metal hollow valve nozzle arrangement, for giving different strengths
and forms of local jets of water outwards and downwards or upwards on the body.
This nozzle arrangement would be screwed, preferably by a swivel joint, to the two
ends of one pipe leading from the radial branch of the improved distributing hollow
cock arrangement, marked " wave or "douche " as may be desired. One of the two
nozzles would be so fitted on one end of said pipe about five feet up or so at the inner
head end of the close canopy of the bath and the other just below it down nearer the
top of the plunge bath. Each of these nozzle apparatus would consist of an inner
circular disc face projecting out towards the bath over its hollow case, with a section
of its face cut through, and having mounted over this inner disc an outer disc or cap
to swivel on a central pin through both. This outer disc would have a blank sector or
segment on it, which when turned over the segment cut away, in the inner face of this
jet case, would close it and prevent any water coming out; but it would also be
formed with other two or three sections or segments the size of the opening in the
inner face, having different forms of jet openings in each, such as a radial or vertical-
slit or a horizontal slit or both, which when turned opposite the opening in the base
below would give a wave jet; or large round holes could be pierced in this outer dise
to give a strong rose local spray to spread only over the back or chest, and when so
acting the lower nozzle could be angled to play upwards on the body, while the
upper one could be angled to play downwards on the body; in this way any desired
local action of the hot or cold jet could be obtained; and the strength and temperature
of the water through this improved nozzle would be regulated by the combining and
distributing hot and cold water valve and cock arrangement first described.

page_text: Improvements in and Connected with Valves, Cocks, and
Fittings for Baths.
We, ARCHIBALD BURN and JOHN MACDONALD, both of the firm of Burn & Baillie,
Plumbers, of 63 Hanover Street, in the city and county of Edinburgh, do hereby
declare the nature of our invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement in
writing, reference being had to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
Our said invention has reference to special new or improved constructions, arrange-
ments, and combinations of valves, cocks, and other fittings for regulating and
supplying cold and hot water to plunge, shower, and spray baths and to wave or
douche baths outwards from above, or upwards from below. These improved fittings
will be more convenient in action and of a more compact and portable form for being
supplied and fitted to enclosed canopy, plunge, shower, and other baths than such
fittings have been as heretofore made.
And in order that the nature and novelty of our said invention, and the manner of
performing or carrying the same into effect or practice may be properly understood,
we have hereunto appended an explanatory Sheet of Drawings, in which the same
reference letters are used to indicate corresponding parts in all the Figures where
shown.
Figure 1 is a perspective elevation of a bath showing our improved arrangements
of valves, cocks, and fittings applied thereto. Figures 2 and 3 are a side elevation,
partly in section, and a front view, respectively, showing to a larger scale than in
Figure 1, our new or improved by-pass cock and barrel A, with connecting fittings
and valves, where the hot and cold water is mixed to the desired temperature and
afterwards discharged into the bath chamber G, by turning the centre handle A', so
that its index pointer a will be turned or directed over the bath, marked on the index
plate, to be supplied, as plunge, shower, spray, and douche, or into any intermediate
position between two of these names, so as to supply part of two kinds of baths to the
bath G, G, at the same time.
Referring to these Drawings: Our first and main improvement consists as
follows: The hot and cold water entering pipes B and C, have each an ordinary
screw coupling b, c, soldered to them, and fitted and screwed on to the back straight
screw coupling branch of a small valve chamber b, c, with a screwed down face disc
valve b,, on the seat in front of the branch on the inner end of its actuating hand
screw spindle B, C, working in and straight out through stuffing boxes BC in
the front end of the valve chest 1, c'. Each valve chest b, c, has a lateral screw
branch D, D, beyond the valve seat leading towards each other and jointed together
by their two short screw or coupling branches D, D¹, to a central common combining

page_text: coupling chamber E, with outlet branch in front forming the inner entering chamber
of and to a hollow key-cock A and case A2, and where the hot and cold water unite
in any desired proportion, according as the valves 62, e, in their screw valve chests, c¹,
are opened or closed, and flow out through the said front end of this central combining
chamber E. On the front of this central chamber E is formed or secured the inner
end of the outlet radial branch chamber or cock case A2 of a hollow key arrange-
ment A, A², having its turning hand spindle A¹ also passing out through a stuffing
box A of this cock A in the front cover A' and which might project out further than
the hot and cold water valve spindles B₁ C on each side of it, so that its hand lever a
would turn freely without the fingers of the Bather touching the star handles &³, c³, on
the small valve spindles B₁ C on each side of it. This valve and hollow key cock
arrangement, shown in Figures 2 and 3, would all be screwed or otherwise secured
and enclosed at F' on the back of one side of the wood facing F or other concealed
part of the bath of or close to the enclosed vertical canopy G, so that the near ends of
all the water pipes from the different parts of the bath would be jointed by convenient
short elbow branches and screw couplings 1, 2, 3, 4, scen particularly in Figure 3, to
the short radial screw branches of the cock case A², all inside and concealed, the
spindles and handles of the valves and said new distributing cock A, A2, all projecting
out through the facing Fas seen particularly in Figure 1. The several pipes from
the branches 1, 2, 3, 4, lead to the respective parts of the bath where the water is
required, while the regulating hand spindles A¹, B, C, project out through their
respective stuffing boxes A³, B, C, and have ornamental washers and front supporting
or portable ornamental plates d² ²² of marble, porcelain, or other equivalent, screwed
on the front of the woodwork F of the bath, all convenient to the hand of the bather
to be turned and regulate the quantity and force of the water desired to the different
parts of the bath, all by the position of the central spindle A¹ and hand lever a'. The
hollow key A would only have one lateral hole a on it, which when turned by its
lever A¹ a¹ to the different radial branches 1, 2, 3, 4, round it, would lead the hot or
cold water,supplied and regulated, as before stated, to the inner end of the hollow
key, to the plunge bath, the shower bath, or the spray bath or douche bath, or other
jet bath when there are more than four used. A pointer is secured on the outside
of the spindle A¹ to be turned to the names of these baths written on the ornamental
washers or the pointer of this handle and hollow cock might be turned to a mean
position between two of the radial branches and lead part of the water, either hot or
cold, or both, to two of the baths from the chamber E, at the same time, as partly
shower and partly spray, or partly spray and partly douche, or any two of which the
branches are adjacent. But the quantity or strength of current and temperature of
the water would be regulated by the two smaller valves b, c, and spindles B', C',
with their handles b, c, of the hot and cold water on each side of the central
distributing cock A A², and be thoroughly mixed to the desired temperature in the
combining chamber E and hollow key A before passing into their branches and bath.
A small bevelled or conical shoulder seen at e Figure 2, is turned and ground into a
corresponding seat or recess in the key case A2 under the stuffing-box cover A', which
has the effect of lessening the friction and liability of it getting stiff by expansion and
contraction caused by the variation of temperature of the hot and cold water in the
interior of the key A'; and the hollow key being also made an easy fit at the water-
ways enables all the pipes to automatically empty themselves after the bather is
finished and thus prevents the risk of bursting in frosty weather. This arrangement
has also the further advantage of enabling the bather to have the desired temperature
of water at once without requiring to force the stagnant water which would otherwise
be in upright pipes. The water in the by-pass cock or mixing barrel E A, cannot be
shut off to the baths by the key cock A A2, without turning both the hot and cold
water handles B, C, thus preventing the water from mixing through the hot and coll
water pipes, which may be supplied from cisterns on different levels. The waste water
discharge plug () and handle (1) arrangement might all be fitted as usual close
below this distributing cock and valve arrangement, and the pipes and fittings leading
from the branches 1, 2, 3, 4, to the shower bath above, or to the circumferential or

page_text: vertical perforated pipes round the enclosed canopy G¹, for giving the radial spray or
douche, would all otherwise be fitted as usual.
Although only four outlet branches 1, 2, 3, 4, have been shown fitted to the central
case E, A, of the mixing and distributing cock A, any other number could similarly
be fitted as 2, 3, 5, 6 or more, for the different baths.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is,
First. The construction or general arrangement and combination of the parts of
valves, cocks, and fittings for baths, substantially as herein described in reference to
and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
Second. The arrangement and combination of the parts of hot and cold water valve
chambers, with a central distributing key or valve chest with branches leading to the
respective baths, all substantially as and for the purposes and advantages herein
described in reference to and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
Third. The constructing of a central chamber A with hollow key cock and fittings,
for receiving and mixing the hot and cold water and distributing same to the different
baths at any desired temperature, substantially as herein described in reference to and
shown in the accompanying Drawings.