matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRESERVATION. OF VEGETABLE AND ANIMAL MATTERS
Year: 1852

page_text: I
ConstaITO EXICAL
Vittrant at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 12th October 1852.
D
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.).
I, LOUIS CONSTANT ALEXANDRE VITTRANT, of Cambrai, in the
Republic of France, Advocate, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention: for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRESERVATION. OF VEGETABLE
AND ANIMAL MATTERS " to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to preserve grain, seeds, or other
matters by enclosing it or them in a chamber hermetically sealed either
from light or contact with the atmosphere, except at one point or open-
ing, whereby fresh air is admitted to the chamber in a peculiar manner
and by means of a suitably arranged apparatus. Beneath this grain
chamber should be made a chamber or cellar, which should be excavated
out of the earth, and a communication should be made between the two
chambers by means of a pipe or chimney made of zinc or other suitable
material. The upper chamber being hermetically closed from light or
air, except at the point of communication with the lower chamber, it
follows that all air that is allowed to pass into the upper chamber must

page_text: be obtained from the lower one, which is formed by an excavation in
the earth or ground. By this means, in order to ventilate the upper
chamber, I obtain air, which having been brought into contact with the
earth, will be brought to a proper electrical condition to preserve the
grain or other matters stored in the upper chamber.
Another important point is, to divide or separate the grain into small
parcels or thin layers, which are supported upon shelves with space
between them so as to admit of a current of air passing over or through
them.
In order to cause air from the lower chamber to pass through the
upper one I exhaust the latter by means of a windmill, pump, fan, or
other exhausting apparatus; the air from the lower chamber will then
pass into and through the upper one, and be ultimately delivered into
the atmosphere. If required, an atmosphere of carbonic acid gas may
be made to fill or pass through the grain chamber, and any noxious
insects will be thereby destroyed. Warm air, for the purpose of drying
damp or imperfectly dried grain, may be passed from the lower into the
upper chamber, a furnace being provided in the latter for the purpose
of heating the requisite supply of air. It will, of course, be understood
that convenience of access must be provided to the interior of the grain
chamber by means of a door, but this door must be so constructed as to
cadmit of being hermetically closed when required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING, GRINDING, AND TRITURATING REFRACTORY AND OTHER MATE- RIALS, AND FOR WASHING AND SEPARATING ORES AND METALS FROM EARTHY AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Dickson Archibald
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 2nd November 1852.-A communication.
I. CHARLES DICKSON ARCHIBALD, of Rusland Hall, Milnthorpe, in
the County of Westmoreland, Esquire, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS
FOR CRUSHING, GRINDING, AND TRITURATING REFRACTORY AND OTHER MATE-
RIALS, AND FOR WASHING AND SEPARATING ORES AND METALS FROM EARTHY
AND OTHER SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
The grinding is accomplished by balls or spheres rotating in a circular
groove, and which are loaded by superincumbent pressure to increase
the crushing or grinding power. The pulverised materials are thrown
into a circular washing pan, which is immersed in water, and made to
rotate with greater or less velocity to suit the nature of the ore or metal
to be separated.
By centrifugal force the stones and earthy matter, as woll as the ores
and metal, are thrown to the circumference.

page_text: The metallic particles fall through a sieve or interstice whilst the
earthy materials are washed over the sides of the pan by the agitation
of the water and the counter current. The operation is periodically
suspended to remove the stones and to collect the metal.
The grinding apparatus may be also used for crushing sugar canes 5
and other like substances, and for triturating pigments, drugs, and other
materials.
IMPROVEMENTS IN INLAYING AND ORNAMENTING METAL PLATES TO BE USED FOR DOOR PLATES, SIGN PLATES, AND OTHER PURPOSES TO WHICH SUCH INLAID OR ORNAMENTED PLATES MAY BE APPLICABLE
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jean Jemot Rousseau at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 9th October 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JEAN JEMOT ROUSSEAU, of Castle Street, Leicester Square, in the
County of Middlesex, Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN INLAYING AND ORNAMENTING METAL
PLATES TO BE USED FOR DOOR PLATES, SIGN PLATES, AND OTHER PURPOSES
TO WHICH SUCH INLAID OR ORNAMENTED PLATES MAY BE APPLICABLE," to
be as follows:-
This Invention consists in producing ornamented plates by means of
the electrotype process. In carrying out the Invention a variety of
plans may be devised, some of which I will here explain; but I do not
intend to confine myself to these several plans, as I propose to vary
them according to the particular purpose for which the plates to be
produced are intended to be employed. In order to make a door plate,
for instance, with glass or metal letters inlaid in copper or other metal,
I take the letters and fix them with their faces downwards on a

page_text: plate, and then by means of the electrotype process 1 deposit metal
all round them to a suitable thickness, after which the face plate may
be removed, and the letters or ornaments will appear imbedded in the
deposited metal. Of course any substance, such as ivory, porcelain,
mother of pearl, or other substances, may be inlaid in the same manner,
and any ornament or device may be produced by assembling or com-
bining a number of pieces, of different forms or materials, on a face
plate, so as to form a pattern, and then deposit metal round them.
I also propose to producą ornamental letters of any elaborate pattern
or device by preparing suitable moulds or dies, and casting or other-
wise forming the letters therein. The die or mould for each letter is
to be made square, and the letters may be either sunk or in relief. Of
course when moulds or dies are once made any number of letters may
be produced, so that highly ornamented letters may be used to form a
name, the letters being arranged side by side in a line, so as to form a
plate, on which sonic other metal may be deposited, so as to produce
the appearance of highly ornamented letters, either imbedded in the
deposited metal or surrounded by the metal from the moulds.
I also propose to fill up by metallic deposition letters or designs
engraved in plates in the ordinary manner, in place of the black or red
wax or other composition usually employed for that purpose.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DRESSING. MACHINING, AND FINISHING VELVETE, VELVETEENS, CORDS, BEAVERTEENS. AND OTHER DESCRIPTIONS OF FUSTIAN GOODS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Bywater Frith at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 6th November 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, FRANCIS BYWATER FRITH, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster,
Manager, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DRESSING.
MACHINING, AND FINISHING VELVETE, VELVETEENS, CORDS, BEAVERTEENS.
AND OTHER DESCRIPTIONS OF FUSTIAN GOODS," to be as follows:-
The novel or improved machinery or apparatus which I employ for
the above purposes consists principally of the following parts:-First,
a dressing roller or rollers, supported upon suitable bearings, and
revolving at a certain requisite velocity. This roller is peculiar in
its form, being grooved in a spiral direction, and its surface covered
with a composition of certain animal, vegetable, or mineral substances.
either separate or in combination with each other. Secondly, a swiftly
revolving roller or velure, also mounted in suitable bearings, and
covered with plush or velvet, for straightening the face of the goods;
and, thirdly, certain guide rails, over and under which the velvet,

page_text: velveteen, or other fabric under operation passes, being kept at a proper
tension, in proportion to the strength of the goods, by a weighted card
roller. The velvet or other fabric is passed over and under the guides,
and then over or under the dressing machinery or finishing roller or
rollers, having the face or pile in contact with the said roller or rollers,
and being kept in contact with them by means of the guide rails and
weighted card roller. It subsequently passes over or under the velure
or straightening roller. The principal novel feature of the Invention
consists in the peculiar form of the dressing machinery and finishing
roller or rollers, without reference to the particular composition with
which the surface of the same may be covered. I would also remark,
that the back of the fabrics may, if thought desirable, be finished in like
manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PISTOLS
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Aspinwall Goddard, of Birmingham,
in the County of Warwick, Merchant and Gun Manufacturer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
PISTOLS"
Sealed the 17th March 1853, and dated the 7th December 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Aspinwall God-
dard at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 7th December 1852.
J, SAMUEL ASPINWALL GODDARD, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Merchant and Gun Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
PISTOLS" to be as follows:
The object of this Invention is to produce an efficient repeating
pistol, at a small cost, and of so simple construction that it will not
readily get out of order.
In carrying out this Invention, instead of making the barrel in
one piece I form it in two parts, which may either rotate together
to bring up fresh charges in a line to be fired, or be rotated singly
for the convenience of loading. This arrangement is susceptible of
modification.

page_text: In making a repeating pistol to carry five charges I compose the
barrel of two parts, the breech part being of sufficient depth to carry
the cartridge, and I mount the two on a common spindle.
The barrel and breech I bore with six chambers, inserting the
ramrod into the sixth bore, in order to lock the two parts together.
I form in the inner end of the barrel a recess, which communicates
with the fifth bore, and by that means gain access to the face of the
breech for the insertion of the cartridges; or I make the sixth bore
of somewhat larger diameter than the others, to allow of the easy
access to the breech down that bore of the barrel.
When the pistol is loaded,. and the caps. are put on the nipples,
the breech and barrel are locked by the insertion of the ramrod, as
before indicated, and the pistol is ready for use.
▸
The means of rotating the barrel is that commonly used in such
cases, and, if necessary, close contact is made between the breech
and barrel by a tightening screw, or other analogous contrivance
In some cases, instead of causing the spindle to pass through the
breech and barrel, I cause it to project into the breech only, and
secure the barrel thereto by means of a screw formed on its end
taking into a female screw cut in the breech. In this case the
pistol is to be charged by removing the barrel.
By another modification, I avail myself of the protective quality
of the barrel, overlaying or facing the breech, and preventing its
exposure to the weather, although I make the barrel stationary, and
cause the breech to revolve.
.
In this instance I provide a barrel of a single bore, and provide at
its inner end a circular disc, forming one with the barrel, or screwed
thereto, which disc is brought into contact with the breech, and
forms a shield thereto.
An opening is made in this plate, corresponding to the ring of
holes in the breech, to allow of the insertion of cartridges as each.
bore is severally brought into a line therewith, and a swing.cover
or other contrivance is provided for covering this hole.
AN IMPROVED GRIDIRON
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Evans at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st
November 1852.
I, GEORGE EVANS, of Wellington, in the County of Shropshire,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED GRIDIRON " to be as follows:-
My improvement consists in making an addition to the common
fluted gridiron, by means of which I prevent the usual waste of the fat
and juices of the meat, occasioned by their falling between the gridiron
bars into the fire. This waste I obviate by means of a second or sup-
plementary gridiron, having the fluted bars inverted over the interstices
of the under gridiron, into the fluted or channeled bars of which the
edges of the upper flutings dip sufficiently to convey the fat and juices
of the meat flowing therefrom, thus forming a peculiarly constructed
compound gridiron.
The nature of my said Invention is described and ascertained in the
description following, having reference to the figures and letters marked
on the Drawing hereunto annexed, the same letters of reference indi-
cating the same parts throughout.

page_text: Fig. 1, a perspective view of the improved gridiron. A, the lower or
common gridiron; B, the upper gridiron; C, the usual receptacle for
the fat and juices flowing from the meat a, a, hinge for retaining the
upper gridiron in its place, and allowing it to be raised at the end b;
the handle with a hinge joint near b, when required to pack into
less space.
C₂
Fig. 2-a-perspective-view of the-upper-gridiron, seperated-from the
lower one; a, a, the hinge at back; b, the fore partd, the wavy edge
of the fluted bars, affording apertures for the passage of heat.
Fig. 3, a section through the centre of the improved gridiron, to show
the respective situations of A, the lower, and B, the upper portions of
the fluted bars, the latter having their edges drilled, serrated, or cut, as
at d, d.
Fig. 4, a side view of one of the upper bars B, B, showing the
apertures a, d along the edge.
It will be thus seen that the steaks or other meat will rest mainly on
the upper or inverted fluted portion of gridirons constructed according
to my improvement; and although I have only described one, form, it
is obvious that, without deviating from the principle of my Invention,
great variety of configurations may be given to the several parts.
I claim the combinations of upper and lower gridirons, so placed that
the bars of the upper gridiron lie over the spaces of the lower, gridiron
in such a manner as to cause the fat and juices of meat while cooking
to flow into the grooves or flutings of the lower gridiron, or flow direct
to the trough or receptacle in front, such bars being of any desired form.
or shape; and I do not confine myself to making the upper and lower
portions seperate and distinct, as they may be made of one piece of
metal, bearing both requisite forms, to carry out the object of my
improvement.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CRUCIBLES
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Akrill at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st December 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOHN AKRILL, of Artichoke Hill, near the London Docks, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CRUCIBLES" to
be as follows:-
This Invention consists of causing the plastic matters suitable for
making crucibles to be placed in moulds of the exterior shapes of
the intended crucibles, and using a cutter in each mould of the
form of the interior of the crucible, to remove the excess of plastic
material, rotatory motion being given to the mould or cutter or
to both.
I, JOHN AKRILL, of Artichoke Hill, near the London Docks, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CRUCIBLES" to
be as follows:-
This Invention consists of causing the plastic matters suitable for
making crucibles to be placed in moulds of the exterior shapes of
the intended crucibles, and using a cutter in each mould of the
form of the interior of the crucible, to remove the excess of plastic
material, rotatory motion being given to the mould or cutter or
to both.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREFARING TO BE SPUN WOOL, MOHAIR, FLAX, COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALE
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Firth at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st October 1852.
I, THOMAS FIRTH, of Shear Bridge Mill, in the Township of Horton
and Parish of Bradford, in the County of York, Worsted Spinner,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR PREFARING TO BE SPUN WOOL, MOHAIR, FLAX, COTTON,
AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALE," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to a means of imparting to one or more series
of heckle or gill bars an increased speed over the first series, or those
next to the feed rollers. My object is to straighten the fibres during
the process of preparing prior to spinning. I effect this object by
means of a screw cut upon a hoop, and this hoop, being placed upon a
part of the shaft on which the screw is cut for moving the first series
of bars, is driven by a train of wheels, so that its velocity may be varied
to suit the character of the fibres under preparation.
In- PROVEMENTS IN TREATING FLAX, HEMP, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION leftby Louis Napoleon Legrasand
William Lawrence Gilpin at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 23rd October 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
We, LOUIS NAPOLEON LEGRAS, of Wenlock Street, Hoxton, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, Civil Engineer, and WILLIAM
LAWRENCE GILPIN, of Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN TREATING FLAX, HEMP, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES" to
be as follows, viz. :-
This Invention has reference to the separation of the filamentary
substances from the wood in the plant by means of the action of
electricity brought to bear thereon; also the separation of the fila-
ments of cotton, silk, and all fibrous plants and materials by the means
aforesaid; and the filaments of the said fibrous materials being treated
according to this Invention may be rendered strong and of good color
and quality.
Thus I place the plant or substance to be treated in a solution, such

page_text: as that referred to in the process pursued under my Invention of
"Improvements in the Generation of Electricity," for which Letters
l'atent are applied for of the same date herewith, and then I pass
the plants or substances under or through rollers, or submit them to
pressure in any other suitable manner, whereby the filamentary sub-
stances can be separated from the other parts.
As INSTRUMENT FOR ASCERTAINING THE EXISTENCE OF GOLD IN THE EARTH
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Stanislaus Hoga at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 8th November 1852.
I, STANISLAUS HOGA, of Nassau Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "As
INSTRUMENT FOR ASCERTAINING THE EXISTENCE OF GOLD IN THE EARTH" to
be as follows:-
I make use of a rod of some conductor of electricity, and wherever
gold is supposed to exist in the earth I insert this rod, and the presence
of that metal will be immediately indicated by the completion of the
electric circuit.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CERTAIN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING TO BE SPUN, COTTON, WOOL, FLAX, SILK, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Fothergill, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 2nd October 1852.
I, BENJAMIN FOTHERGILL, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CERTAIN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING TO BE
SPUN, COTTON, WOOL, FLAX, SILK, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be
as follows:
The object of my Invention is to draw out and straighten by an
improved method the fibres of cotton, wool, flax, silk, and other fibrous
substances; and the first part of my Invention consists in an arrange-
ment of mechanism for imparting to a series of heckles or gill bars,
used in screw gill preparing and other machines, an accelerated motion
between the feeding rollers and the drawing rollers connected with such
machines, and also in giving to those heckles or gill bars a varying
speed, as circumstances may require.
I accomplish this in the following way:-The first by means of a screw
having a continuous thread, with a gradually increasing pitch; and the

page_text: second by means of a screw having a continuous thread, with portions
of that thread varying in pitch as the nature of the fibres under opera-
tion may require.
The second part of my Invention consists in applying a fluted or some
such kind of roller, or a series of such rollers, or one or more series of 5
moveable.plates, for the purpose of pressing into the heckles or gills the
fibrous material as it passes through the machine.
AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING A METALLIC BAND OR BANDS FOR RAISING AND LOWERING HEAVY WEIGHTS, AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Ellis, senior, at. the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
20th November 1852.
I, THOMAS ELLIS, senior, of Tredegar Iron Works, in the County
of Monmouthshire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING A
METALLIC BAND OR BANDS FOR RAISING AND LOWERING HEAVY WEIGHTS,
AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES," to be as follows (that is to say):-
I propose to construct flat bands for "winding" purposes of solid
flat bars of iron or steel, about of an inch thick, more or less,
according to the nature of the material employed, and about 4
inches broad, more or less, according to the work required to be
done by such bands. In some cases I propose to unite or combine
flat bars of iron and steel together, so as to form flat bands for
winding and other like purposes, which bands will be used in place
of hempen bands or wire ropes, as heretofore employed for such
purposes.

page_text: The manner in which I propose to join or unite the several parts
forming such bands will be more particularly described in the com-
plete Specification of the Invention for which Letters Patent are
solicited.
THE MANUFACTURING OF AN INDESTRUCTIBLE PAVING
Year: 1852

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by Auguste Chesneau at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 12th October 1852, pursuant to the 9th
section of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
I, AUGUSTE CHESNEAU, of Welford Place, Leicester, in the County of
Leicester, Oil Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "THE MANUFACTURING OF AN INDESTRUCTIBLE PAVING"
be as follows:-
This process consists in dividing cast iron in small pieces of the size
and form of gravel; that division takes place when the cast iron is in
fusion;
in that state it is thrown through two or three iron sieves
placed over a cistern or reservoir filled with water, in which the liquid
iron falls and immediately cools. It is in that state that I employ that
cast iron for my proposed paving..
In that state it may be placed upon the surface of the roads in the
same manner as stone is used in macadamizing; but as the passing
of vehicles and horses would continually disturb the iron, it is my
intention to bind the iron gravel together by means of a cement which
I compose, and which is made of rosin, Roman cement, and rosin or
linseed oil; any other sort of bitumen might be employed for that

page_text: purpose, but I propose that composed by me as obtaining more easily
the necessary clasticity, and avoiding the effect produced by pressure
and weight.
I place those three ingredients in an iron caldron; when they are in
a boiling state I introduce the particles of iron; I allow it to boil a
short time in order to give it a high degree of heat; I then take it out
with a riddled ladel; I place it on the road intended to be paved,
keeping it on an uniform thickness of one or two inches, and then beat
it down while it is still warm, so that the iron when cold becomes so
fixed as not to be liable to be disturbed or to sink.
The apertures made in the roads for the purpose of placing gas and
water pipes always occasion much disarrangement to all sorts of paving.
My system would be open-to-the-same- disadvantage, for it would be
necessary to break it and melt it again in order to replace it. To avoid
that difficulty I have made wooden panels from two to two and a half
inches thick. I unite several of them together with wooden bars nailed.
Those panels will be three feet long and two feet wide (more or less).
I bind those panels with with iron bands and screws. Those bands
are wide enough to admit of a portion projecting beyond the surface of
the panel, according to the thickness of the paving; the other, part of
the width is fixed upon the side of the panel.
That iron band is to contain the matter constituting the paving,
which I place on the surface of the said panel of the thickness (more or
less) and beat down in the manner already specified.
AUGUSTE CHESNEAU. (L.S.)
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Crosby at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
27th October 1852.
I, JAMES CROSBY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS" to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of a mode, plan, or method to avoid the
sudden blow and severe shock or strain which by the present con-
struction of looms is given to the warp threads every time the slay or
lathe beats up the weft thread in the process of weaving, whereby I
prevent to a great extent the breakage of the warp threads, and produce
a more even cloth, especially in weaving fine descriptions of fabrics.
This improvement is applicable to all kinds of looms for the manu-
facture of cotton, silk, linen, woollen, or other textile fabrics, and which
I accomplish by connecting the slay or lathe to the crank arms, or
other convenient position or portion of the loom, by springs made of
steel or other suitable metal or material; or instead of springs I use for
the same purpose some elastic substance, as india-rubber, or any com-
position of india-rubber with other materials or substances of an elastic
nature, which will have the effect of lessening the shock by giving an
easy and yeilding blow in beating up, as before stated.

page_text: It will be easily understood that the strength of the springs or elastic
substances must be regulated according to the fabric to be woven, and
in the heavier qualities of goods they must be provided with stops to
limit the traversing motion of the crank, and cause the yeilding motion
at first imparted to be followed by an effective blow, thereby saving the
yarn from unnecessary strain, as well as producing a stronger and more
even cloth than can be effected by the looms as at present constructed.
I desire it to be distinctly understood that this is merely an outline
description of my Invention, which I will more fully explain in my
complete Specification.
IMPROVEMENTS IN JUGS OF VESSELS FOR CONTAINING LIQUIDS
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Sands Sidney, of the Willows, Brixton
Road, in the County of Surrey, Gentleman, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN JUGS OF VESSELS FOR CONTAINING LIQUIDS."
Sealed the 9th February 1853, and dated the 16th December 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Sands
Sidney at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 16th December 1852.
I, GEORGE SANDS SIDNEY, of the Willows, Brixton Road, in the
County of Surrey, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN JUGS OR VESSELS FOR CONTAINING
LIQUIDS" to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in making indexes, or means of ascer-
taining the quantity contained in the vessels. When making china,
carthenware, and metal jugs, and drinking cups, 1 introduce win-
dows or transparent parts, with or without graduations, in order
that the quantity of liquid contained shall be seen through such

page_text: windows or transparent parts; and when it is desired to ascertain
the quantity of liquid in a jug or drinking vessel, by looking into
it from above, I form such vessel with a small estuary or hollow,
which is best done at the handle, so that when the liquid flows
into such estuary, the desired measure is obtained, the vessel not
being filled, but admitting of being carried without spilling the
liquid.
A SAFETY LETTER Box
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Thomas Jay at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 10th December 1852.
I, ALFRED THOMAS JAY, of No. 13, Cheapside, in the City of London
and County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A SAFETY LETTER Box" to be as follows:-
The object of this letter box, which I call the "Indicator Safety
Letter Box," is to prevent letters being abstracted when once they
have been put into the letter box, and at the same time to indicate
their safety, while also securing the utmost facility for their being
deposited therein. This is effected by certain horizontal and in-
clined planes or flaps, connected together so as to move in unison
and thus always keep the entrance to the inner receptacle closed.
By the agency of cranks, &c. the weight of the letter dropped
in is made to open a passage for it, to the proper and ultimate recep-
tacle, from which the postmaster or proprietor of the box alone can
take it; and while it does so it simultaneously closes the external

page_text: or street foramen by virtue of the said mutual connexion and har-
monious working of the cranks and planes indicating the safety of
the letter.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Benjamin Glorney, of Mardyke Mills, near
Dublin, in the Kingdom of Ireland, Miller and Manufacturer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING AND APPLYING
MOTIVE POWER."
Sealed the 19th March 1853, and dated the 29th December 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Benjamin Glorney
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 29th December 1852.
I, BENJAMIN GLORNEY, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING AND APPLYING MOTIVE
POWER" to be as follows: -
This Invention consists in obtaining motive power by the weight
of a moving waggon or carriage, which is made to traverse back-
wards and forwards along a railway, and thereby communicate
thereto an oscillating or vibrating motion or a rectilinear motion;
the said railway being either mounted on a centre or pivot for this
purpose, or otherwise constructed and arranged so that the weight
of the loaded waggon or carriage may be made to act thereon.

page_text: The power and motion thus obtained may be communicated
by any convenient gearing to the machinery intended to be driven;
but the peculiar arrangement of such gearing must depend upon
circumstances and should in a great measure be left to the dis-
cretion of a competent engineer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FORMING AND PROTECTING INSCRIPTIONS AND DEVICES IN EXPOSED SITUATIONS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Lawric, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd October 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, THOMAS LAWRIE, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Glass Decorator, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN FORMING AND PROTECTING INSCRIPTIONS
AND DEVICES IN EXPOSED SITUATIONS" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the so making or erecting the name plates
or designations of streets that the inscriptions thereon shall be very
legible and distinct, whilst they are effectually protected from the effects
of the weather, and are cheap in the first cost. According to one form of
name plate or tablet, an open cast iron frame is used to receive a sheet
of glass, on the inner surface of which the inscription is painted in oil,
for example, in black characters. Then, to form the ground and relieve
the characters, a coat of white paint is laid on over the letters, and the
back of the frame and glass is then filled in with a composition of
mastic and oil. This gives a thick coating over the painting on the

page_text: interior surface of the glass, and the letters are effectually protected
from the effects of the weather Various compositions may be used for
this filling up behind, and the characters may be formed in various
materials, as gold leaf for example. This system is also applicable for
signs and inscriptions in various localities.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLING METAL STRIPS FOR THE MANU- FACTURE OF WIRE
Year: 1852

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by George Allen Everitt at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 13th December 1852, pursuant to the 9th
section of the Patent Law Amendment Act 1852.
I, GEORGE ALLEN EVERITT, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLING METAL STRIPS FOR THE MANU-
FACTURE OF WIRE," and the manner in which the same is to be per-
forined, to be as follows (that is to say):
My Invention consists in rolling the metal hot. I take a bar or
strip of brass of the composition known as Muntz's metal, consisting
of about one and a half parts of the best selected copper, to one
part of zinc, and heat the same in an ordinary muffle or annealing
furnace. When at a red heat, I pass the strip or bar through
grooved rollers such as are used for rolling bar iron; the strip
being passed through a series of grooves in succession until it
becomes reduced to the desired thickness. Allowing it then to get
cold, I afterwards pass it once, or as many more times as may be
necessary through a pair of ordinary metal rolls, annealing it as

page_text: may be required. The strip is then slit into rods and drawn into
wire in the usual manner.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be clearly
understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details herein
mentioned, nor do I claim any particular form of rolls or com-
position of metal; but what I claim as my Invention is,―
Rolling the metal at a red heat through grooved rollers in the
manufacture of brass wire.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, this
Eleventh day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-two.
GEORGE ALLEN (L.S.) EVERITT.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SPREADING OR DISTRIBUTING STARCH, GUM, AND OTHER SEMIFLUID MATTERS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Hamilton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 17th November 1852.
.(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, GEORGE HAMILTON, of Paisley, in the County of Renfrew, North
Britain, Bleacher, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPREADING OR DISTRIBUTING STARCH, GUM,
AND OTHER SEMIFLUID MATTERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an arrangement of apparatus for spread.
ing or evenly distributing thin layers of starch, gum, or other semi-
fluid or glutinous matters upon table or flat surfaces for the appli-
cation of the distributed matter to woven goods. During the
ordinary starching and finishing processes the starch is usually
spread out by hand with brushes or other manual distributing
apparatus, but in this improved plan the starch is deposited in a
receiver or funnel box with inclined sides and a narrow bottom dis-
charge aperture, placed transversely over the table, and resting upon
a series of transverse spreading rollers, which roll over the table
surface. This receiver, with its rollers, is traversed during use
from end to end of the spreading table, and the starch gradually

page_text: passes through its feed aperture in the bottom of the receiver upon
a roller directly beneath. From this first roller the starch is
conveyed by a set of distributing rollers, and spread in an even film
on the table, a brush being attached at each end of the apparatus to
smooth down the starch as it passes along. The required traverse
action is accomplished by a transverse shaft carrying toothed wheels
working into a pair of fixed toothed racks, the set of distributing
rollers being geared together and caused to revolve in concert during
the spreading operation. The same apparatus, perhaps slightly
modified, is also applicable for spreading or distributing various
matters on flat surfaces such as gums or colours for application to
woven and other goods, the object in all cases being the substitution
of a simple roller arrangement for the common manual apparatus so
as to obtain an equable distribution at a cheap rate.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MAKING OF METAL TUBES
Year: 1852

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by Richard Prosser at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and Decla-
ration, on the 11th November 1852, pursuant to the 9th section
of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
RICHARD PROSSER, Civil Engineer, 18, Broad Street, Birmingham,
in the County of Warwick, do hereby declare the nature of my said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MAKING OF METAL TUBES," and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly de-
scribed and ascertained in and by the following statement (that is
to say):-
My Improvements consist in casting or otherwise preparing a
piece of metal, from which a tube is to be made, of a square form in
its cross section, but with the four corners rounded off a little. A
similarly formed hole must be left up the centre of the piece of
metal, by the insertion of a core or otherwise.
The hollow piece of metal (having a square mandril with rounded
corners inside it) is to be rolled between rolls similar to those used
in iron works for rolling square bars of iron, or drawn until the

page_text: piece of metal has attained the length and thickness required;
rolling or drawing hot or cold, depending on the nature of the
metal to be made into tubes. The tube being of the length re-
quired, still retaining a square form with cach corner rounded off,
is now passed on to or over a circular mandril, and rolled or drawn
into a circular tube. The object of the square form is to expose
alternately each rounded corner of the square and its adjacent sides
to the action of the top and bottom rolls, and thereby avoid the
cracking of the outside edges of the metal; a cross section of an
exhagonal or other symetrical form might be used for the hollow
piece of metal to be made into a tube; but I prefer the square form
with the corners rounded off as above described, and which I claim
as my improvement in manufacturing or making of metal tubes.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Prosser, have hereunto
set my hand and scal, this Tenth day of November, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-two.
RICHARD PROSSER. (L.B.)
Taken and acknowledged at Birmingham,
in the County of Warwick, by the said
Richard Prosser, this Tenth day of
November 1852.
Before me,
THO. SLANEY,
A Master Extraordinary in Chancery.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING SHEET METAL FOR SHIP-BUILDING AND OTHER USES
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Arthur Wall, of the East India Road, in the
County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PREPARING SHEET METAL FOR SHIP-BUILDING AND OTHER USES."
Sealed the 25th January 1853, and dated the 3rd December 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur Wall at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his l'etition,
on the 3rd December 1852.
I ARTHUR WALL, of the East India Road, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING SHEET METAL FOR SHIP-BUILDING AND OTHER
USES" to be as follows:-
My process consists in part in preparing and applying to iron
plates for ship-building and other uses, certain amalgains of metals
and semi-metals, either by dipping the iron in melting baths or
otherwise, so that the amalgams may in some measure penetrate or
firmly adhere to the iron; or by dissolving the oxides or salts of

page_text: copper, zinc, or tin, in hydrochloric or other acid menstruum, and
allowing deposits of these metals to take place on the iron, which
may be done by the aid of voltaic currents, or without them. When
the iron plates or iron for other purposes are prepared as above, I
dip it, in order to make it impervious to air or water, or both, in
mercury, or in solutions of any of the salts of mercury soluble in
acids and water; and the salts of mercury which I prefer for this
purpose is the chloride or corrosive sublimate, which I unite in
solution with arsenous acid, or white arsenic; but I do not confine
myself solely to these or any of the salts of mercury, but generally,
or any of the acids of arsenic, or arsenites of them may be made to
answer the same purpose. To prepare zinc, copper, or Muntz's
metal, or any other single or compound metal for sheathing, I
merely dip the sheets in the above solutions of mercury and arsenic
for a few seconds, according to the strength and disposition of the
metal for taking up the mercury; and in all cases the mercury
solution should be first applied to the copper, zinc, tin, lead, or
other metal for which it has the strongest affinities, and then
dipped in the arsenial solution. The sheets or plates for sheathing
are then fit for use. The amalgams I use for iron, are copper and
arsenic, tin and arsenic, tin, copper and bismuth, tin, lead and
antimony, arsenic, copper and antimony. These are mixed in pro-
portions which make them easily fusible, which, on cooling, become
a consolidated compound, which is preserved afterwards from at-
mospheric action by solution of mercury and arsenic, which pre-
vents their surfaces from either undue expansion or contraction,
and prevents either the adhesion of barnacles or other marine
insects or sea weed from attaching. What I claim is, the appli-
cation of mercury, or solutions of mercury, and arsenic to metals,
either for building iron ships, or ships' sheathing, and other
uses, whether copper, tin, zinc, or a compound of these metals.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING WOOD, STUFFS AND OTHER FABRICS, AND IN RENDERING THEM UNINFLAMMABLE
Year: 1852

page_text: Maximi François Joseph
Delfosse, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 25th November 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, MAXIMILIAN FRANÇOIS JOSEPH DELFOSSE, of Moorgate Street, in
the City of London, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING WOOD, STUFFS AND OTHER
FABRICS, AND IN RENDERING THEM UNINFLAMMABLE," to be as follows:-
I place the wood in a stout metal cylinder or vessel and inject a
current of steam into it. I then create a vacuum to extract tho
pith and inoisture from the wood, and admit a solution of sulphuret
of calcium, which enters into and penetrates all the pores of the wood.
I also admit a solution of sulphate of iron, which decomposes the sul-
phuret of calcium and transforms it into sulphate of lime and sul-
phuret of iron, both of which being insoluble mineral compounds
protect the wood from rot and render it uninflammable.
In order
to render it still more incombustible it may be treated with a third

page_text: preparation of an acid solution of borate of soda. In order to render
stuffs and fabrics uninflammable I submit them to a solution of borate
of basic ammonia.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DISENGAGING SHIPS' BOATS FROM THEIR SUSPENDING CHAINS OR ROPES
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Dewy at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
October 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, HENRY DEWY, of Taymouth Terrace. Philpot Street, Commercial
Road, Stepney. in the County of Middlesex. Nautical Teacher, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
DISENGAGING SHIPS' BOATS FROM THEIR SUSPENDING CHAINS OR ROPES
be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to attach the chains or 10pcs whereby
a ship's boat is suspended from the davits in such a manner that the
lower ends of the chains or ropes may be easily and quickly disengaged
from the boat the moment the latter touches the water, thereby allowing
the boat to drop off from the vessel without danger.
The improvement consists in a peculiar construction of fastening, of
which two or more are placed at the bottom of the boat, and to which
fastenings the chains or other tackles are connected by hinges, through
which passes a swivel pin belonging to each of the fastenings.
7

page_text: These swivel pins are held in their proper position by cross pins
connected to a rod which extends along the boat and connects both the
fastenings together, so that by merely pulling back this rod both the
swivel pins are released, and the rings at the ends of the chains or
ropes are allowed to pass off of them, and release the boat. In order
to prevent the boat from canting over on one side, I use lateral chains
with small rings at their lower ends; these chains pass from the central
suspending chains to eyes fixed near the gunwale of the boat, and
after passing through these eyes they are carried to the swivel pins,
which
pass through the rings of the suspending chains, so that when
the swivel pins are released all the rings of the suspending chains and
lateral chains pass off together and release the boat. The other ends of
the suspending chains piss over pullies connected with the davits, and
are both secured to the barrel of a winch, so that when the boat is
required for use it will only be necessary to turn the winch barrel in
the ordinary manner, and the two suspending chains will be unwound
simultaneously.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING, PREPARING, AND PRESERVING ROOTS AND PLANTS, IN EXTRACTING SACCHARINE AND OTHER JUICES FROM ROOTS AND PLANTS, IN THE TREATMENT OF SUCH JUICES, AND IN THE PRO- CESSES, MACHINERY, AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Adolphus Charles Von Herz, of Cecil Street, in the
County of Middlesex, Esquire, for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING, PREPARING,
AND PRESERVING ROOTS AND PLANTS, IN EXTRACTING SACCHARINE AND OTHER JUICES
FROM ROOTS AND PLANTS, IN THE TREATMENT OF SUCH JUICES, AND IN THE PRO-
CESSES, MACHINERY, AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN."
6 months.
Dated 29th May 1852.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Louis Arnier, of Rue du Loisir, Marseilles, in
France, Engineer, for his Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM
BOILERS."
6 months.
Dated 6th November 1852.