IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PILED FABRICS, AND IN MACHINERY FOR EFFECTING THE SAME
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Moore Sievier, of Louviers, in the
Empire of France, but now residing at Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PILED FABRICS, AND IN MACHINERY FOR
EFFECTING THE SAME."
Sealed the 19th August 1858, and dated the 29th June 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Moore
Sievier at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 29th June 1858.
I, ROBERT MOORE SIEVIER, of Louviers, in the Empire of France,
but now residing at Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manufac-
turer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for " IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PILED FABRICS, AND IN MACHINERY
FOR EFFECTING THE SAME," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the printing of warp threads double the
length in the patern neccessary, when woven, for producing one cloth, so
that when this printed warp is woven between two backs, which backs
are made by the aid of seperate warps placed in the loom, the printed
warp being woven first into one of these back warps, and then into the

page_text: other, it may be cut into two, as see accompanying sketch, Fig. 1. The
cloth as it is woven is separated by a knife as seen in the sketch, which
knife is made to pass to and fro by means of a crank, which takes its
motion by the action of the loom while weaving, and as the cloth passes
forward it is cut into two separate pieces, and these pieces are taken up
by two seperate take-up rollers as soon in sketch, Fig. 1, cach piece
having a velvet face or pile, or it may be cut when out of the loom in
the same manner by a vibrating knife, having one end attached to a
crank, and proper guides for the knife to run into, one fixed at each
end of the knife. I wish it to be understood that my Invention is for
a velvet cut pile cloth (and nothing else), which velvet cut pile cloth has
its warp printed of double the length of the patern neccessary to make
one cloth when woven, and when cut will make two cloths, as described.
The printing for a single cloth is well understood, and is practiced after
Whytock's Patent for carpets, tapestries, & such goods.
By the method I propose as my Invention I am enabled to save one
half of the labour of printing the patern, as the labour required for
printing two fabrics takes no longer time than the printing of one on
the old plan, my color roller being made of double the width of those
now in use. I also make a patern of twice the width of the fabric
woven when I desire it. I do this, by having the patern made so that
it will repeat in a geometrical form, and lay side by side when cut open
(see Fig. 2), which saves a more expensive drawing in the first instance.
I weave these fabrics by a double box shuttle loom and two shutles,
when I require the two cloths when cut assumder to have two seprate
selveges cach, as one shutle must weave the one back and the other
the other; but when I desire the cloth to be woven together on one
side I use, one shutle and make only two selveges, as shown in Fig. 3,
and the cloth is then only cut open on one side. I am fully aware that
plain cut or velvet pile cloths are woven and then cut assunder, and that
printed warps are used for making a single cloth having a piled surface.
I claim making a printed warp of double the length necessary in its
patern to weeve one cloth, and then to cut it into two as before stated;
by which means I save half the labor of printing, nearly half the labour
of weaving, half the expence of drawing geometrical paterns and

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Robert Moore Sievier in the Great Scal Patent
Office, on the 29th December 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
ROBERT MOORE SIEVIER, of Louviers, in the Empire of France, but
now residing at Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the seven-
teenth year of Her reigu, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Robert Moore Sievier, Her special
license that I, the said Robert Moore Sievier, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Robert Moore
Sievier, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PILED FABRICS, AND
IN MACHINERY FOR EFFECTING THE SAME," upon the condition (amongst'
others) that I, the said Robert Moore Sievier, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Moore Sievier, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing.

page_text: hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that
is to say):
My Invention of improvements in the manufacture of piled fabrics,
and in machinery for effecting the same, relates first to a novel mode of
printing warps for the manufacture of such fabrics, and consists in
printing on the warp threads a pattern of double the length usually
required for forming the figure, pattern, or device on the fabric when
woven.
It will be understood by persons practically acquainted with this art
that in order to produce a pattern or design on a fabric, such as a terry,
looper, or cut pile carpet, by means of a printed warp, an elongated
pattern is printed on this warp, so that when it is woven the required
design may appear on the surface.
The peculiar feature of my Invention consists in printing this pattern
on the warp threads of double the usual length required for one fabric,
so that when such printed warp is woven between two backs (which
backs are made by the aid of separate warps placed in the loom by the
means well known to any practical weaver), the printed warp being
woven first into one of these back warps and then into the other, the
fabric when so woven may when cut into two pieces produce two
distinct pieces of cut pile fabric, having a proper length and similar
pattern or design thereon, which would not be the case if printed for a
single cloth.
In order to divide this double fabric into two pieces the cloth as it
is woven is separated by means of a knife or cutting instrument, which
is made to pass to and fro by means of a crank actuated by any
mechanical contrivance connected with some of the working parts of
the loom. As the operation takes place while the weaving proceeds
it will be understood that as the cloth passes forward it is cut into two
separate pieces, and these pieces are taken up by two separate take-
up rollers.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1, is a sectional diagram repre-
senting the double woven fabric being separated or divided by a knife or
cutting instrument. a, a, is the double fabric as woven; b, b, are two
fixed bars which extend across the loom, and between which the fabric

page_text: passes; c, is part of the framing on which the guides d, d, are bolted;
e, is a horizontal bar provided with a knife or cutting instrument f.
which has a reciprocating motion communicated to it by means of a
crank attached to one end; 9, 9, are two taking-off rollers provided with
pins, for the purpose of taking hold of the fabric, and conducting it to
the cloth rollers as it is divided by the knife f; when so divided each
piece will have a face or pile. The double fabric may, however, be
divided or cut when out of the loom by means of a similar vibrating
knife, having one end attached to a crank, and proper guides for the
knife to work in. I wish it to be understool that my Invention applies
merely to the manufacture of a velvet or cut pile cloth, which velvet or
cut pile cloth has its warp printed of double the length of the pattern
necessary to make one cloth, and which double fabric when woven and
cut will make two cloths, having a perfect length or proportion of
pattern on each, as described.
As the mode of printing warps for the manufacture of a single
cloth is well understood, and is extensively used according to Whytock's
late patent process for making carpets, tapestries, and such goods, it
will not be necessary for me to give any further description or expla-
nation of this part of the mode of printing.
By my improvement upon this method of printing and manufac-
turing cut pile carpets I am enabled to save one half of the labor of
printing the pattern, as the labor required for printing the warps for
two fabrics takes no longer time than the printing of warps for one
fabric on the present plan, the color roller I employ being merely made
double the width on its printing or coloring surface of those now in
11SC. I also propose to arrange the patterns in such a manner that
when cut into two and laid side by side the two pieces shall make a
complete pattern of double the width of the fabric woven.
This object is effected by employing such patterns of a geometrical
form as will repeat and lay side by side when cut open.
This part of my Invention will perhaps be best understood by
referring to Fig. 2, which represents a diagram of a geometrical pattern.
Fig. 3, is a section of a double cloth manufactured in this manner,
whereby a less expensive drawing in the first instance is required, only

page_text: half the pattern having to be represented, and by which a large and
bold pattern may be produced. The double warp having been prepared,
I weave the intended two fabrics together by means of a double box
shuttle loom, whereby the cloth may be woven in one piece with four
separate selvages, and when cut asunder may be opened and laid to
make a pattern of double the width, as shewn in Fig. 2. If two
shuttles are employed, the double cloth when cut asunder may be
divided into two cloths, as has been already explained, and having four
separate selvages, as one shuttle will weave the one back, and the other
shuttle the other; but when I desire the cloth to be woven together on
one side I use one shuttle, and make only two selvages as shown in
Fig. 3, and the cloth is then only cut open on one side. I am fully
aware that plain cut or velvet pile cloths have been woven and then
cut asunder, and that printed warps have been used for making a single
cloth having a piled surface; therefore I claim making a printed warp
of double the length necessary in its pattern by a printing or coloring
roller of double the width necessary for a single cloth to weave
what I call a double cloth, so that when this warp has been woven
into a fabric, and divided or separated, two perfect patterned fabrics
are produced, as before stated, by which means I am enabled to save
half the labor of printing, nearly half the labor of weaving, nearly
half the expense of drawing geometrical patterns and putting them
on squares.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Moore Sievier, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of Decem-
ber, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-three.
Witness to the Signature,
WILLIAM HEGINBOTTOM,
Oldham,
Lancashire.
R. M. SIEVIER. (L.S.)