IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF OVENS AND HEATED AIR STOVES
Year: 1838

page_text: WHITE'S SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I Joun
WHITE, of Haddington, North Britain, Ironmonger, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by
Her Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Twenty-seventh day of September, in the second year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs, and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said John White, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege
and authority, that I, the said John White, my exors, adññiors, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said John White, my exors, adiñors, or assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick
upon Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF OVENS
AND HEATED AIR STOVES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso
that I, the said John White, shall cause a particular description of the nature
of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to bo
inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully
and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John White, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is a transverse section of an oven constructed according to my
Invention, and Figure 2 a front view of it, with doors and dampers represented
in the usual way. My improvement consists in forming a double casing of
iron plates, rivetted, screwed, or otherwise combined together, leaving an inter-
mediate space between the inner and the outer of half an inch (less or more),
to be packed or filled up with fire clay, or other suitable materials, capable of
collecting, retaining, and giving out the heat regularly, as required to heat the
air of the oven. a, a, a, a, the double casing; b, b, b, b, the intermediate space,
filled up with fire clay; c, c, c, c, plates or shelves similarly constructed with
the casing b, b, b, b, and upon which any thing may be placed; d, a strong plate
of cast iron, to prevent the intense heat of the fire injuring the lower part of
the oven; e, e, the furnace bars, and f,f,f, the smoke flue. Figure 3 is a
vertical section of my Invention for a portable heated air stove. The improve-
ment consists in forming the fire-box of a tube or tubes of burnt clay, (that
commonly called fire clay by preference,) having an aperture therein for sup-
plying fuel, and surrounding it closely with a casing of iron purposely to give
it strength, thus avoiding joints in the clay lining, and security against noxious
gas escaping along with the heated air in the event of the tubes' deterioration,
and also making a suitable provision for fixing the furnace door mouth piece
and zigzag flues thereto. a, a, internal tube of burned fire clay, forming the
fire-box; b, b, casing of iron closely surrounding it; c, furnace door mouth
piece for supplying fuel; d, d, zigzag flues around the fire-box, to disperse the
cold air into a number of winding channels before it escapes in a heated state
at the top of the stove; e, e, outside casing of iron to confine the heated air in
the winding channels during its ascent; f, a suspended damper, to prevent the
too rapid escape of the heat by way of the smoke flue; g, iron plate covered
with sand, to prevent smoke or gas escaping in that direction; h, smoke flue,
leading to chimney; i, i, i, apertures for admitting cold air communicating with
the zigzag flues, but are completely shut off from the fire-box; and j, the ash
pan. Figure 4 is an elevation of the fire-box tube a, a, without the iron
casing b, b, showing the aperture for supplying fuel, and Figure 5 is a plan.
Figure 6 is an elevation of it, surrounded by the iron casing b; 6; in this view
the furnace door mouth piécé c is shewn affixed thereto by screws. Figure 7
is a plan of Figure 6, showing the mode by which the iron casing b, b, round
the fire-box a, a, is made tight. Before it is put on its place a coating of fire

page_text: clay in a soft state is laid over the external surface of Figure 4, the iron
casing b, b, is then put on, with the screws 1, l, quite slack, afterwards they are
screwed tight, and thus it is brought in close contact with the whole external sur-
face of the fire-box tube a, a, and affords it that strength and security. already
mentioned. Figure 8 is a section on the line A, B, of Figure 9, and Figure 9
is a section on the line C, D, of Figure 8. This heated air stove has the fire-
box in front communicating with a number of tubular flues of iron, covered
with others of burned fire clay, to protect the heated air from contact with the
iron flues, which at times are liable to be overheated, and thereby injuring the
salubrity of the air they are intended to heat. a, a, fire-box; b, b, fire-box
bars; c, aperture for supplying fuel; d, ventilator for supplying cold air to the
fire; e, e, e, e, e, apertures for cleaning the tubular flues f, f, f, f, f; 9, 9, and
g, g, front and back plates through which the tubular flues pass, and are made
smoke tight by sand being filled in between each pair, as shewn in the
Drawing; h, h, heated air chamber; i, outlet for the heated air; j, j, general
smoke flue; k, cleaning aperture of general smoke flue; 1, l, termination of
cold air tunnel, and m, m, m, the brickwork of the stove. The cold air is
admitted to the stove at the aperture l, and ascends amongst the brick covered
flues, as represented by the arrows in Figure 9, and finally makes its escape in
a heated state at the outlet i, from whence it may be conveyed in any direction
required. Figure 10 is a longitudinal section of a tubular flue, which is also
adapted to this stove, formed of a double casing of iron, and intermediate space
between the inner and the outer, and filled up with fire clay in the manner
which has been described with respect to the oven, Figure 1. Figure 11 is an
end view of Figure 9.
Having thus described the nature of my improvements for ovens and heated
air stoves, I wish it to be understood that I do not claim any of the different
parts which are well known and in use for ovens and heated air stoves. But
what I claim as the first part of my Invention is the mode of constructing
ovens, by having double casings of iron plate when the intermediate spaces
between them are filled up with fire clay, or other suitable slow conducting
substances, capable of collecting, retaining, and giving out the heat as required.
Secondly, I claim the mode of constructing heated air stoves by the application
of tubes of clay, or other suitable earthy substances, surrounded and sustained
by iron as above described; but I do not confine myself to the precise form
shewn in the Drawing. Thirdly, I claim the mode of constructing heated air
stoves by the application of metal tubes, covered with tubes of clay, as above
described, and also by the application of double tubes of metal filled in with
clay, or other suitable slow conducting substances, as above described; and I

page_text: would state that the shape of the stove may be varied, without departing from
my Invention, so long as the use of such tubes is retained.
In witness whereof, I, the said John White, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eleventh day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and thirty-nine.
Taken and acknowledged by John White
(party hereto) at Haddington, North
Britain, this 11th day of March, 1839,
JOHN (L.S.) WHITE.
A Justice of the Peace for Haddingtonshire.
This is the Specification referred to in the Affidavit of James White.
N. W. SENIOR.
James White, of Lambeth, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, maketh oath,
that he is acquainted with the handwriting of John White, his brother, and
that the signature to the Specification hereunto annexed is the Specification
and handwriting of his brother John White, of Haddington, in the Kingdom
of Scotland. And this deponent further saith, that he is acquainted with
John Haldane, Esquire, of Cottage, Haddington, in the Kingdom of Scotland.
And this deponent further saith that he is informed and believes that the said
John Haldane, Esquire, was a Justice of the Peace at the time of taking the
acknowledgement, and that the signature to such acknowledgement is in the
handwriting of the said John Haldane, Esquire.