IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC VALVES PAR- TICULARLY APPLICABLE FOR HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS
Year: 1885

page_text: I PHILIP ARTHUR NEWTON of the Office for Patents, 6 Breams Buildings,
Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare
the nature of the invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC VALVES PAR-
TICULARLY APPLICABLE FOR HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :—
This invention relates more particularly to valves which comprise a cylinder and
piston for controlling the supply of water to, and the passage of water from the
operating or working cylinders of hydraulic elevators; but the invention is also
applicable to similar valves used for controlling the supply of water to, or discharge
of water from, other machines or other apparatus.
•
In such valves the cylinder is frequently provided with a belt surrounding it
from which extends a nozzle or aperture for the passage of water and communica-
tion between this belt and the interior of the cylinder is had through a number of
slots which are arranged around the circumference of the cylinder and may be
formed in the body of the cylinder or in the brass or other lining tube with which
the cylinder is provided. The piston valve is movable within this cylinder to
expose more or less of the slots and so afford a variable area for the passage of
water When the valve is used in connection with a hydraulic elevator, it is
desirable to produce the stopping and starting of the elevator car and cage without
jar or shock and to accomplish this is the object of the present invention.
The invention consists in the combination in a hydraulic valve, of a cylinder and
a piston valve working therein, the cylinder being provided around its circum-
ference with series of slots extending lengthwise thereof but made of different
lengths so that the ends of the slots form an irregular line around the circumference
of the cylinder and the piston valve when moved over them opens or closes thein
one after another and not simultaneously, as would be the case were they of
uniform length. When the piston valve is moved it opens or closes these slots in
[Price Gd.1

page_text: succession or one after another, and hence effects a much more gradual stopping
and starting of the elevator car or cage than would be the case if the ends of the
slots were coincident throughout the circumference of the cylinder.
In the accompanying drawing Fig: 1 is a longitudinal section of a hydraulic
valve embodying the invention and appliances whereby said valve may be moved
by liquid pressure upon a controlling piston; Fig 2 is a transverse section of the
valve upon the plane of the dotted line Fig. 1. and Fig: 3 is a development of
the interior surface of the valve cylinder representing it as it would appear in a
flat plane.
Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the Figures..
A designates the valve cylinder which is represented as provided with a lining a
of brass or other metal and to which is fitted a piston valve B. This valve has at
its one end a suitable packing band-near-its-other end-works through a packing bl
secured between the cylinder structures A and another casting A¹ which is bolted
thereto. The cylinder is surrounded by a belt A2 from which extends a nozzle or
water passage A³ here shown as presented upwards. The interior of the cylinder
communicates with the belt A2 by numerous slots a¹ formed in the lining a.
nozzle or aperture A³ is to be connected with the cylinder of a hydraulic elevator.
In the structure A¹ is formed a receiving or supply chamber A* having a
nozzle or opening A with which a supply pipe for liquid under pressure is to
be connected..
The
When the piston valve B is moved towards the left from the position shown in
Fig 1 sufficient to uncover the slots a¹ the liquid from the supply chamber A will
pass under pressure through these slots into the belt or jacket A2, and through the
nozzle or opening A³, will pass into the working or operating cylinder of the
hydraulic, clevator.
When the piston valve B is moved toward the right from the position shown in
Fig 1 sufficient to uncover the slots liquid from the working or operating cylinder
of the hydraulic elevator may pass through the passage or nozzle A³, thence through
the slots a¹ and out at the left hand end of the cylinder A* which is to be connected
with a waste tank for water.
It will be observed that the slots a¹ are of different lengths so that their ends
are not coincident in a direction circumferential around the cylinder and form an
. irregular line; Fig 3 represents the lining as it would appear if rolled our flat and
from this figure it will be seen that the ends of the slots' a' form a very irregular
line. Hence as the piston valve B is moved lengthwise to cover or uncover. the
slots a¹ it closes or opens them one after another, or in succession and does not
produce any shock or jar as would be the case were the ends of the slots all
coincident in a line circumferential of the cylinder and if the piston valve operated
to open and close all these slots simultaneously.
As the slots a¹ are opened or closed one after another the currents of water
passing through them are deflected or turned aside and caused to seck passage
through other slots which are still open and by the use of this valve the stopping
and starting of an elevator car in its rising and falling movements may be made
very gradual and without shock or jar.
This invention may be embodied in hydraulic valves whether they are operated
by hand or by means of the pressure of liquid acting upon a controlling piston In
the present example of the invention, is represented a controlling cylinder C and
piston C whereby the movement of the piston valve B will be controlled and
effected as will be now briefly described.
The controlling piston C is connected by a rod C² with the piston valve B so
that the piston valve and the controlling piston will move simultaneously in their
cylinders.
Surmounting the cylinder C is a valve chest C³ wherein is arranged an auxiliary
or pilot valve C the stem c of which works through a stuffing box in the end of
the valve chest. The valve chest C³ is connected by a port or passage d with the

page_text: supply chamber A' and by a port or passage d' with the controlling cylinder Con
the right hand of the piston C. The passage d' also leads from the valve chest C³
to a discharge outlet d*.
It will be observed that the pressure of liquid within the chamber A* acts with
equal force per square inch on the end of the piston valve B and on the left hand
side of the controlling piston C¹ but the controlling piston is greater in diameter
than the valve B. When the piston valve B is to be shifted toward the left from
the position shown in Fig 1 the auxiliary or pilot valve C is moved to the position
shown so that its passage or cove c* will place the ports or passages ddin
communication. Liquid under pressure may then pass from the supply chamber A*
through the passage d the cove or cavity c* and the passage d¹ to the outer end of
the controlling cylinder C. The pressure on both sides of the controlling piston C¹
will then be equally balanced and the piston valve B will be moved toward the
left hand from the position shown in Fig: 1. When it is desired to shift the valve
toward the right so as to permit the escape of liquid from the passage A³ toward
the discharge end A* of the cylinder A the auxiliary or pilot valve C' is moved
toward the right from the position shown in Fig 1 so as to place the passages d¹ d²
in communication through the cove or cavity c* in the valve C. The liquid will
then be permitted to exhaust from the right hand end of the cylinder C through
the passage d' the cove or cavity c* and the passage d² to the exhaust d* and the
right hand side of the controlling piston C¹ will thereby be relieved of pressure.
Owing to its greater area the pressure on the left hand side of the piston C" will
over balance the pressure against the end of the piston valve B and the controlling
piston C¹ and valve B will be moved toward the right from the position shown in
Fig 1 so as to place the nozzle or opening A³ in communication with the discharge
end A of the valve cylinder A.
By a lever D and suitable links or rods d³ d' the controlling piston is
connected with the auxiliary or pilot valve C and hence when said piston moves
said valve will be moved automatically in the opposite direction. The lever D is
fulcrummed at d in a sliding block E which is free to move in the slideway E'
and by moving the sliding block E in one direction or the other the valve C'
may be shifted so that its cove or cavity c* will place the passages d d¹ in
communication or will establish communication between the passages d d as
may be desired.
To the block E are connected appliances which are capable of operation from the
elevator car in order to shift said block and the auxiliary valve C There is here
represented an eccentric F which is connected at with the sliding block E and
which is secured upon an upright shaft or rod G the lower portion only of which
is shown. This shaft or rod G will extend the entire height of the elevator sliaft
and at its bottom has a bearing or support in a bracket G¹ which may be secured
at the bottom of the elevator shaft or well way. The elevator car carries a lever
or handle which slides on the upright rod G and which may be operated at any
point in the height of the lift to turn said rod G. When said rod G is turned,
it acts through the excentric F to shift the block E in one direction or the other in
its slide way and so serve to shift or move the auxiliary or pilot valve C*.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated
to me by my Foreign Correspondent I declare that what I claim is
1. The construction of the valve cylinder A with water passages consisting of
slots a¹ of different lengths arranged so that their ends form an irregular line
circumferential of the cylinder in combination with the piston valve B, operating to
open and close said slots in succession or one after another; substantially, as and
for the purpose herein described.
2. The combination with the valve cylinder A and piston valve B operating
as described of the controlling cylinder C and valve chest C³ constructed with
.

page_text: passages & d' d² the controlling piston C¹ connected with the piston valve B, the
auxiliary or pilot valve C for controlling the movement of the piston Cand
connections substantially such as described, whereby said valve C will be moved
automatically by the movement of the piston C¹ or may be shifted from the elevator
car as and for the purpose set forth.