IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE COLLARS AND IN APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFAC- TURE OF THE SAME
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake,
& Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE COLLARS AND IN APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFAC-
TURE OF THE SAME." A communication from abroad by Ebenezer Fisher, of
Kincardine Ontario, Canada.
Sealed the 23rd January 1880, and dated the 2nd September 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd September 1879.
44
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE COLLARS AND IN
APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME' [A communication from abroad
by Ebenezer Fisher, of Kincardine, Ontario, Canada.]
.
This Invention has for its object to construct a horse collar in two parts from a
plate of steel or other metal shaped by pressing up the same in dies severally or
collectively, each part having rolled edges.
The said Invention comprises various novel features, as hereinafter set forth, that
is to say: Tattach a cover, or projecting piece, or plate to the laterally flanged parts
of the collar, and construct the said parts with vertical flanges at their upper and
lower ends, between which a filling is interposed and secured by bolts, the object
being to enable the size of the collar to be increased or diminished at will by filling
pieces of different thickness. The lower ends of the flanged parts of the collar are
formed with a curvature differing from the internal sweep of the said collar to form
an enlargement for the wind pipe of the animal, whereby pressure thereon is
removed. I provide the opposite flange on each side of the collar with brackets, to
which the draft tugs are connected at the point where the draft is greatest to pre-
vent distortion or collapse of the parts.
"
The two parts of the collar are pivoted together at the top by a bolt passing
through the vertical flanges, between which one or more pieces or plates of wood or
leather or other suitable material may be interposed when it is necessary to enlarge
the collar.

page_text: The lower ends of the two parts are connected in a similar manner, and when
necessary to enlarge the collar a flanged piece is secured by a bolt passing through
the same, and held fixedly by a removable catch pivoted to overlap the flanges, thus
forming a detachable joint. I shape the said plates by compression in a die or dies
of right and left hand parts, which combined form the collar whereby the metal is
struck up to the semi-cylindrical curvature, and curved longitudinally by the down-
ward pressure of the follower in the die to the desired shape to produce flanges at
the sides and ends.
The matrix blocks for shaping the sheet metal are constructed in pairs, each
forming the right and left side of the parts of the collar, the side of greatest
height in curvature in cross section being outward, thereby bringing the sides of
lesser height opposite to each other, which at the top forms a flat surface in cross
section. A portion of the outer sides of the blocks is bevelled above the die to cause
the metal to strain smoothly.
The said matrix blocks are hollowed out to the contour of the required shape,
corresponding with the die blocks, which are constructed in pairs with an inter-
vening space to allow of expansion of the metal. These blocks and dies are placed
in a suitable press, and after the sheet metal has been stamped into form between
them the edges are trimmed to a finished state.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 2nd
March 1880.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE COLLARS AND IN
APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME." A communication from abroad
by Ebenezer Fisher, of Kincardine, Ontario, Canada.
This Invention has for its object to construct a horse-collar in two parts from a
plate of steel or other metal shaped by pressing up the same in dies severally or
collectively, each part having rolled edges.
The said Invention relates to various novel features, as hereinafter set forth.
According to the said Invention I attach a cover, or projecting piece, or plate to the
laterally flanged parts of the collar. I construct the said parts with vertical flanges
at their upper and lower ends, between which a filling is interposed and secured by
bolts, the object, being that the size of the collar may be increased or diminished at
will by the use of filling pieces of different thickness. I form the lower ends of the
flanged parts of the collar with a curvature differing from the internal sweep of the
collar to form an enlargement for the wind pipe of the animal, whereby pressure
thereon is removed. I provide the opposite flange on each side of the collar with
brackets, to which the draft tugs are connected at the point where the draft is
greatest to prevent distortion or collapse of the parts; and I shape the plates by
compression in a die or dies of right and left hand parts, which combined form the

page_text: collar, and whereby the metal is struck up to the semi-cylindrical curvature, and
curved longitudinally by the downward pressure of the follower in the die to the
desired shape to produce flanges at the sides and ends.
In the accompanying Drawing,
Figure 1 is an elevation of a collar embodying this Invention.
Figure 2 is a vertical section of the same.
Figure 3 illustrates in detail a collar with a covering.
Figure 4 is a top view of a die, and
Figure 5 is a side view of a follower, hereinafter described.
Figure 6 is a transverse vertical section of the said die and follower.
The collar is formed of the two double flanged steel parts A, A, that- is to say,
each longitudinal half A of the collar is formed from a thin steel plate of suitable
outline by pressing up the same in dies, thus giving it the shape required to adapt
it to the contour of a horse's neck and shoulder. In some cases I may cast the same
in steel. Each part A has turned or rolled edges or flanges a, and in cross section
at any portion it is approximately semi-circular.
The flanges a may be provided with perforations to adapt each half A for the
attachment, if desired, of a leather or thin metal cover B. When made of leather
this cover will be secured by stitches, but when made of metal it may be rivetted
in place. In either case I design to secure the covers tightly on collars, which are
to be used in the winter season with a view to confining the air in the interior
thereof, thus utilizing its non-conducting quality for preventing the rapid radiation
of the heat; but in collars designed for use in summer or in warm localities openings
will be provided for the free circulation of air between the covers and flanged plates;
or the covering may be dispensed with.
Brackets D are attached to the opposite flanges a on each side of the parts A to
provide for the attachment of the draft tugs of the harness; and incidentally such
brackets serve to brace the parts A at the point where the effect of the draft is
greatest, and where there is consequently the greatest danger of distortion or collapse.
The extremities of the parts A, A, are formed with flanges c and d', which are per-
forated to allow the passage of suitable fastenings, either pivotally, as hereinafter
described, or fixedly, as may be desired.
The two parts A, A, are pivotted together at the top by a bolt 6 passing through
the vertical flanges c, between which one or more pieces or plates E of wood or
leather, or any other suitable material, may be interposed when it is necessary to
enlarge the collar.
The lower ends of the two parts A, A, are connected in a similar manner, and
when necessary to enlarge the collar a properly shaped interposed piece F having
on one side a flange d corresponding to the flange on one of the parts A. is
secured by a bolt e passing through the same, and held fixedly by a removable catch
pivotted to overlap the flanges, thus forming a detachable joint. The opposite
flange d of the piece F is secured to the end flange of the other part A by the
plate bent over the adjoining. flanges d', d², through which and the overlapping
plate fa bolt el passes. When the catch g₁ and bolt e are withdrawn the part Å
held thereby will separate from the interposed piece F, whereby the two parts A, A,
will turn pivotally on the bolt e, and thus allow the collar to be easily placed over
the neck of the animal and closed together at the bottom to allow of the bolt e being
again inserted to secure the parts together.
The lower ends of the parts A at their extremities are formed with a downward
bend g of greater abruptness than the curve of the lower part of the collar, whereby
space is afforded between the collar and the neck of the animal to avoid pressure on
the wind pipe and interference with the breathing of the animal.
The matrix blocks G, G, for shaping the sheet metal are constructed in pairs, each
forming the right and left sides of the parts A, A, of the collar, the side of greatest
height in curvature in cross section being outward, thereby bringing the sides of
lesser height opposite to each other, which at the top forms a flat surface. in cross

page_text: .
section. A portion g' of the outer sides of the blocks G, G, is bevelled above the
die to cause the metal to strain smoothly.
The blocks G, G, are hollowed out to the contour of the required shape, corre-
sponding with the die blocks H, H, which are constructed in pairs with an inter-
vening space I to allow of expansion of the metal. These blocks and dies are placed
in a suitable press, and after the sheet metal has been stamped into form between
them the edges are trimmed and finished.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the same, I wish it understood
that I claim,―
First. The combination in a horse collar of the steel parts and the cover secured to
the flanges thereof, as shewn, and described and for the purposes specified.
Second. The combination of the steel parts having vertical end flanges, the inter-
posed piece or plate, and the clamp bolt, as shewn and described and for the purpose
specifled.
Third. The combination of the steel parts having vertical end flanges, the flanged
interposed piece, the overlapping plate, and fastening bolts with clasp, as shewn and
described, whereby one joint will be fixed and the other movable to allow separation
of the parts when placing the collar over the neck of the animal, as set forth.
Fourth. The parts A, A, having a downwardly bent extremity at the lower end
to form an open space between the collar and the neck of the animal, as and for the
purpose set forth.
Fifth. The brackets in combination with the flanges of the parts A, A, as and for
the purposes set forth.
Sixth. A steel horse collar composed of the parts A, A, constructed as specified,
having a pivotal connection at one end and a locking connection at the other end, for
the purposes set forth.
Seventh. The combination of the matrix blocks placed side by side and die blocks
constructed in pairs having an intervening space, as and for the purposes set forth.
Eighth. A horse collar of steel or other metal composed of the parts A, A, having
turned or rolled edges, substantially as described.
Ninth. A horse collar composed of the parts A, A, having rolled edges formed from
a plate or sheet of metal by pressure in a die or dies, as above described.
Tenth. In combination with the dies H, H, the blocks G, G, each having a. pro-
jection raised at the outside, as and for the purpose set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William, Robert Lake, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Second day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
IM
DADTL
DADT TATE 1793