Improvements in Nailing Machines.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Aug., .1891
Complete Specification Left, 9th May, 1892-Accepted, 25th June, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Nailing Machines.
I, GEORGE LINES of 63 Crayford Road, Holloway in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The invention has for its object improvements in nailing machines and relates
to that class in which the hammers or drivers are made to act in a vertical plane.
In carrying my invention into effect I mount in the lower part of the machine
frame a driving shaft, a cam shaft and a hammer or driver operating shaft which
are parallel to each other.
The driving shaft is provided with fast and loose pulleys and a fly wheel; it is
driven by a strap or band from any convenient power and communicates motion to
the other shafts by suitable gearing. The front of the machine frame is provided
with a forwardly projecting frame to the outer end of which the work table is
hinged. This frame is formed at its rear with a cross bar fitted into vertical
guides fixed to the front of the machine framing and such cross bar is connected
with a vertical screw which by a nut wheel mounted thereon and bearing against
the screw guide enables the work table to be adjusted in height to suit the work
for the time being in hand.
The cam shaft is fitted with a cam which operates a lever carrying a
pawl which gives a step by step rotary motion to the nail feeding box, and
said lever also by suitable connections operates a lever to open the slides of
the cylinder to release the nails at the required time whilst a fixed cam acts to
close such slides after each row of nail holes in the cylinder has been fed with
nails. A second cam acts upon a lever which by a link is connected to a short
lever fixed on a rocking shaft at the lower part of the front of the machine
framing and such rocking shaft is fitted with levers each of which is provided with
a pin or stud at its outer end formed with a transverse vertical guide hole through
which a connecting link is passed, which at its upper end is pin jointed to a lever
the boss of which works in a bearing hole formed in the side of the table frame;
in the bosses of these levers is fixed an eccentric or cam rod or bar extending
across from one bess to the other and acting to lift the rear edge of the table when
required to lift the work up to the underside of the nail boxes.
The aforesaid connecting links are fitted with an adjustable collar above and
below the perforated pins or studs and a strong spring is placed around each con-
necting link between its perforated pin or stud and the upper collar. By this.
means the table is enabled to lift the work always to the required height and if
the work should happen to be somewhat thicker than the machine is set for no
injury either to the machine or work can occur as the springs will give way to the
required extent.
The hammer operating shaft is fitted at its ends with discs which by crank pins
and connecting rods give motion to the hammer slide which latter works in guides
on the front of the machine framing. The hammer and nail guides are carried by
a cross bar and the nail boxes are screwed on to the lower ends of said guides.
The nail boxes are fitted with expansible dies which are formed in three sections
and are normally held closed by means of india rubber rings around the same.
The upper parts of these dies are formed with flanges which loosely fit the
interior of the nail boxes and conical holes are formed longitudinally in such dies
which when the latter are closed meet together at the lower part and so prevent
the fall of the nails through the same, but when the hammers or drivers are caused
to descend, such dies will open to permit of the passage of the nails.

page_text: The nail guides are fitted with tubes extending to the underside of the nail
feeding cylinder as heretofore.
The hammer and nail guides are divided longitudinally of the guide holes
therein and are held together by screws and bolts thereby affording access to the
interior thereof if required.
The machine is fitted with suitable fences, guides and stops for facilitating the
adjustment of the work and to take the strain thereof.
The work table is preferably fitted with a stud at or about the centre thereof
the head of which is curved and rises a short distance above the table to enable
heavy work to be readily turned about.
Dated Art 7 1901
GEORGE LINES,
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Nailing Machines.
I, GEORGE LINES, of 63 Crayford Road, Holloway, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The invention has for its object improvements in nailing machines, and relates to
that class in which the hammers or drivers are made to act in a vertical
plane.
In carrying my invention into effect 1 mount in the. lower part of the machine
frame, a driving shaft, a cam shaft, and a hammer or driver operating shaft, which
are parallel to each other.
The driving shaft is provided with fast and loose pulleys and a fly wheel; it is
driven by a strap or band from any convenient power and communicates motion to
the other shafts by suitable gearing. The front of the machine frame is provided
with a forwardly projecting frame, to the outer end of which the work table is
hinged. This frame is formed at its rear with a cross bar fitted into vertical
guides fixed to the front of the machine framing, and such cross bar is connected
with a vertical screw, which, by a nut wheel mounted thereon and bearing against
the screw guide, enables the work table to be adjusted in height to suit the work
for the time being in hand.
The cam shaft is fitted with a cam which operates a lever carrying a pawl which
gives a step by step rotary motion to the nail feeding box or cylinder, and said
lever also, by suitable connections, operates a lever to open the slides of the
cylinder to release the nails at the required time, whilst a fixed cam acts to close
such slides after each row of nail holes in the cylinder has been fed with nails. A
second cam acts upon a lever, which, by a link, is connected to a short lever fixed
on a rocking shaft at the lower part of the front of the machine framing, and such
rocking shaft is fitted with levers, each of which is provided with a pin or stud at
its outer end formed with a transverse vertical guide hole through which a
connecting link is passed, which at its upper end is pinjointed to a lever the boss of
which works in a bearing hole formed in the side of the table frame; in the bosses
of these levers is fixed an eccentric or cam rod or bar extending across from one
boss to the other and acting to lift the rear edge of the table when required to lift
the work up to the underside of the nail boxes.
The aforesaid connecting links are fitted with an adjustable collar above and
below the perforated pins or studs, and a strong spring is placed around each con-
necting link between its perforated pin or stud and the upper collar. By this
means the table is enabled to lift the work always to the required height, and if
the work should happen to be somewhat thicker than the machine is set for, no

page_text: Figure 1 is a front view, with some of the parts removed and some in section,
and Figures 2 and 3 are two opposite side views, of a nailing machine fitted with
my present improvements.
Figure 4 is a front view, Figure 5 is a sectional side view, and Figure 6 is a plan
full size, of one of the nail and hammer guides with its nail box.
Figure 7 is a plan, full size, of one of the expansible nail dies.
Figure 8 is an end elevation, and Figures 9 and 10 are longitudinal sections, of
parts for throwing the machine into and out of action, and
Figures 11, 12 and 13 are respectively two face views and a plan of the cams
separately.
In all the figures like parts are indicated by similar letters of reference.
A is the frame of the machine, in the lower part of which are mounted in suitable
bearings the driving shaft B, the cam shaft C, and the hammer or driver operating
shaft Ď, which are all parallel to each other and are driven in the following
manner. On one end of the driving shaft 13 are a fly wheel band fast and loose
pulleys, to which motion is given by a strap or band from any suitable motive
power; on the other end of this shaft is a pinion 3 which gears into a toothed
wheel e fixed on one end of the cam shaft C, on which latter are also fixed two
toothed wheels c' c which gear into toothed wheels d d fixed on the shaft D.
The front of the machine frame is provided with a forwardly projecting frame A',
to the outer end of which at A2 the work table e is hinged. This frame A' is formed
at its rear with a cross bar A³ fitted into vertical guides A* fixed to the front of
the machine framing, and such cross bar A³ is connected with a vertical screw f,
which, by a nut wheel mounted thereon and bearing against the screw guide A³,
enables the work table e to be adjusted in height to suit the work for the time
being in hand.
The cam shaft C is fitted with a cam g, which is shown separately at Figure 11
as-seen from the right side of the machine; this cam g operates the lower end of a
lever g, which, by a pawl y' at its upper end acting on a ratchet wheel g³, gives a

page_text: step by step rotary motion to the nail feeding box or cylinder gʻ, and said lever g¹
also, by a link g, gives motion to a lever, which at its upper end is pinjointed to
a slide carrying a cam piece, shown in plan at Figure 13, which in its to and
fro motion gives motion to a lever ³, which acts to open the slides 9 of the
cylinder as they arrive at the underside of the cylinder, and thereby release the
nails at the required time, whilst a fixed can i at the opposite side of the machine
acts to close such slides go after each row of holes in the cylinder has been fed with
nails.
I would here remark that the construction of the cylinder and the mode of
operating it and the slides form no part of my present invention, as such were
described in the Specification of Patent No. 11445 of the year 1884.
A. cam e also fixed on the shaft C, and shown separately at Figure 12 as seen
from the left side of the machine, acts upon a lever e, which by a link e³ is con-
nected to a short lever et fixed upon a rocking shaft e at the lower part of the
front of the machine framing, and such rocking shaft is fitted with levers e, cach
of which is provided with a pin or stud e' mounted at its outer end in a bearing hole
formed therein, which pins or studs e' are each formed with a transverse vertical
guide hole, through which a connecting link or rod e is passed, which at its upper
end is pinjointed to a lever e³, the boss of which works in a bearing hole formed
in the side of the table frame A. In the bosses of these levers e' is fixed an
eccentric or cam rod or lever el extending across from one boss to the other and
acting upon projections e* to lift the rear edge of the table e when required to lift
the work up near to the nail boxes and against the stops j¹ fixed to the cross bar j,
which stops receive the thrust of the work and prevent the transmission thereof
to the nail boxes. In the drawing only one of such stops is shown but several of
them are employed.
The connecting links are fitted with an adjustable collar e" above and below
the perforated pins or studs e and a strong spring e" is placed around cach
connecting link or rod es between its perforated pin or stud e and the upper
collar e. By this means the table e is enabled to lift the work always to the
required height, and if the work should happen to be somewhat thicker than
the machine is set for, no injury either to the machine or work can occur as
the springs will give way to the required extent.
The hammer operating shaft D is fitted at its ends with discs kk, which, by
crank pins and connecting rods k³, give motion to the hammer slide k, which
latter works in guides A on the front of the machine framing. The hammer and
nail guides are carried by a cross bar l', and the nail boxes m are screwed on to
the lower ends of said guides 1.
The nail boxes m are fitted with expansible dies m', (see Figures 5 and 7,) which
are formed in three sections and are normally held closed by means of india rubber
rings m² placed in a groove around the same.
The upper parts of these dies are formed with flanges m³, which loosely fit the
interior of the nail boxes m, and conical holes are formed longitudinally in such
dies, which, when the latter are closed, meet together at the lower part, as shown at
Figures 5 and 7, and so prevent the fall of the nails through the same, but when the
hammers or drivers are caused to descend, such dies will open to permit of the
passage of the nails and hammers.
The nail guides are fitted with tubes n extending to the underside of the nail
feeding cylinder 9', as heretofore.
The hammer and nail guides are divided longitudinally of the guide holes therein,
and are held together by screws and bolts, as shown at Figures 4, 5, 6, thereby
affording access to the interior thereof if required.
The machine is fitted with adjustable stops o fixed to the stops j', against which
the work is pressed, and with the necessary fences and guides.
The work table e is preferably fitted with a stud e¹³ at or about the centre
thereof (see Figure 2), the head of which is curved and rises a short distance
above the table to enable heavy work to be readily turned about.

page_text: 15'
The machine is fitted with the following arrangement of clutch apparatus, so
that it may be readily stopped and started as may be required. is a treadle
extending across the front of the machine and connected to treadle levers p' fixed
to a cross shaft p². To one of these levers p' is pinjointed the lower end of a
link, the upper end of which is pinjointed to a lever on a short shaft p³, to
which latter is fixed a fork p having short slots in the arms thereof, through which
pass screws p screwed into a sliding collar or clutch piece p³, which latter is formed
with a cam shaped recess to receive a roller p fixed on the inner end of a key pl
fitted into a key way formed in the shaft C and whose outer end is hinged at p¹² to
such shaft. Key ways (preferably three) are formed in the boss of the wheel c,
and a spring p acts when permitted to push the key partially out of its key
way in the shaft C into one or other of the key ways in the boss of the wheel e; a
spring pacts to push the collar or clutch piece p into the position shown at
Figure 10, and the treadle pacts to push it into the position shown at Figure 9.
When the collar or clutch piece is pushed into the position shown at
Figure 10, the key roller p10 first enters the cam shaped recess p° and then, in
the continued rotation of the shaft C, such cam shaped recess forces the key pl
within its key way in said shaft and consequently out of the key way in the boss of
the wheel c, thereby disconnecting said wheel from its shaft. A brake presses on
Cand parts
the periphery of the cam el to counteract the momentum of the shaft
driven thereby, and thus to cause the immediate stoppage of the machine on the
key p being withdrawn from its key way in the wheel c, and the disc is weighted,
as shown by the dotted lines in Figure 3, to ensure the hammers rising to their
highest position when the machine stops.
I would here remark that this clutch mechanism, being heretofore in use, forms
no part of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. In box nailing machines of the character herein referred to, the combination
therewith of a work table and parts connected therewith for facilitating adjustment
in height, for raising and lowering it for work and for preventing injury to the work
or to the machine, substantially as herein shown and described.'
2. In box nailing machines, the combination therewith of nail boxes and nail
dies constructed substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose
stated.
P
LARRELLIKS JUHI YUURRY LOHA
GEO. LINES,
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.