Improved Process for Producing Peat-fibre Combination Fabric.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Mar., 1896
Complete Specification Loft 276 Mau
4000 Accented
10th Man 4007
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Process for Producing Peat-fibre Combination Fabric.
We, EMILE PATE, and JOSEPH ALBERT BRION, both of 4 Rue de Trévise,
Paris, Manufacturers, do bereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to an improved process for producing a fabric such as
flannel, stockingette, or similar combination material, possessing besides the
hygienic qualities common to woollen fabrics generally, all the antiseptic character-
istics of Dutch peat-fibre combined with properties of deodorisation absorption and
evaporation of moisture. This fabric, for whatever purpose it may be intended, is
manufactured with yarn composed of an intimate mixture of pure carding wool for
flannel with a comparatively large proportion of the nap of Dutch peat fibre, such
mixture being produced by carding, and the proportion of peat employed in it
varying from 15 to 25, 35 or 50 parts to 10 of wool.
This combination of wool and peat-fibre is produced by the improved method
hereinafter described which is based upon modifications in the operation of spinning
the two combined materials into yarn.
The mixture of the materials in the proportions above stated is prepared in a
similar manner to carded wool, and after having been operated on by the breaker
card, is passed through the several machines employed in carding, subject however
to the following modifications:-
In machine No. 1 (ordinary carder) we arrange for the speed of the cylinder to
be considerably increased so as to separate from the mixture the coarser fibres of
the peat, which fall into a receptacle provided at the bottom of the machine. The
distance between the several rellers of the machine is arranged in the opposite way
to that usually adopted in the case of wool-that is to say the nearer these parts
are to the delivery side of the machine, the wider they are placed apart. Moreover
the workers have a to-and-fro movement longitudinally so as to ensure a thorough
intermixture of the two materials, by counteracting the effect produced upon the
two fibres of different density, by the rotation of the cylinder. The movement of
the comb is also considerably accelerated.
Corresponding modifications are made in machine No. 2, (intermediate), which
receives the web from the first machine, and it is moreover arranged to operate on
the fibres lengthwise, and not cross-wise as in the case of wool.
Modifications to the same effect as in machines Nos. 1 and 2 are introduced in
machine No. 3, (finisher). The yarn is delivered by a doffing comb to a throstle
whereby the preparation for spinning is completed. The rubbers of the throstle
are arranged to operate on the yarn with sufficient energy to thoroughly consolidate
the fleecy filaments. The bobbins wound on the throstle are transferred to the
rack of the spinning mule which by its first traverse draws out the yarn and gives
it the necessary twist.
The bobbins wound on the spindles of the mule at this first stage are thence
transferred to two successive frames on which by drawing out and twisting, the
yarn is reduced to the requisite number or gauge for the texture of the article
required.
In these several stages of spinning the speed of the spindles is regulated so as to
take off the yarn as delivered from the cylinders, and the twisting constantly
diminishes up to the end of the winding. The necessary variation in speed of the

page_text: spindles is obtained by reversing the ordinary arrangement of the flyers on the
spindles.
The yarn or thread thus produced-containing wool and peat-fibre in the
proportions already stated-is woven by ordinary methods into a fabric which is
then cleaned, dressed and prepared for its particular purpose, the finished material
retaining its properties of softness, suppleness and unshrinkableness, as well as its
antiseptic and absorbent character.
Date m 201 1
Improved Process for Producing Peat-fibre Combination Fabric.
We, EMILE PATÉ and JOSEPH ALBERT BRION, both of 4 Rue de Trévise,
Paris, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improved process for producing a fabric such as
flannel, stockingette, or similar combination material, possessing besides the
hygienic qualities common to woollen fabrics generally, all the antiseptic character-
istics of Dutch peat-fibre combined with properties of deodorisation, absorption and
evaporation of moisture. This fabric, for whatever purpose it may be intended, is
manufactured with yarn composed of an intimate mixture of pure carding wool for
flannel with a comparatively large proportion of the finer tissues of Dutch peut-
fibre, such mixture being produced by carding, and the proportions of peat
employed in it varying from 15 to 25, 35 or 50 parts to 100 of wool.
This combination of wool and peat-fibre is produced by the improved method
hereinafter described which is based upon modifications in the operation of spinning
the two combined materials into yarn. The mixture of the materials in the
proportions above stated is prepared in a similar manner to carded wool, and after
having been operated upon by the breaker-card is passed through the several
machines employed in carding, subject however to certain modifications hereinafter
described with reference to the accompanying drawings, upon which
Figure 1 is a sido elevation of an ordinary carding engine arranged according to
our invention for the carding of wool with an admixture of peat-fibre;
Figure 2 being a similar view of an intermediate carding engine adapted for the
same purpose;
Figure 3 is a side elevation of a finisher carding engine arranged for the same
purpose; and
Figure 4 represents two views of an arrangement for effecting the longitudinal
reciprocating movements of the "workers" employed in above-mentioned carding
engines.
The ordinary carding engine for performing the first operation on the mixture
of wool and peat-fibre comprises as shewn on Figure 1, a cylinder A making
150 revolutions per minute, a doffing-cylinder B inaking 450 revolutions in the
same period, and workers C, D, E, F and G, the intervals between which and
cylinder A are:-for C, 0-5 millimètre-for D, 0.75 mm. ;-and for E, F and G,
I millimètre. The workers C and E have a longitudinal reciprocating movement
of 4 centimètres in extent, imparted to them by means of an oblique groove a
(Figure 4), formed on the shaft, engaging a fixed stud b. This carding engine is
further provided with a tray or drawer H to receive the coarser fibres of the peat.
As may be observed the speed of the cylinder A is considerably increased so as

page_text: to separate from the mixture the coarser fibres of the peat, which fall under the
machine where they are received by the tray H; the distance between the several
rollers of the machine is arranged in the opposite way to that necessary in the case
of wool carding, that is to say-the nearer these parts are to the delivery side
of the machine, the wider is their interval; the workers have a longitudinal
reciprocating movement necessary for ensuring a thorough intermixture of the two
materials whose difference of density is, in practice, the greatest obstacle to their
mixture during the development of centrifugal force by the rotation of the cylinder;
and finally the movement of the doffing-comb is also correspondingly accelerated.
The intermediate carding engine (Fig. 2) for performing the second operation-
and which receives the web from the ordinary carding engine, has similar
modifications introduced into it. This machine operates on the fibre lengthwise,
and not cross-wise as usually adopted for wool alone. The endless band or apron
shewn on right hand side of Fig. 2 is for the purpose of conveying the material
from the carding engine, and does not form part of the invention; it is shewn by
way of illustration only.
The finisher carding engine (Fig. 3) for performing the third operation, includes.
similar working parts to the two above mentioned. In this operation the sliver is
delivered by a pair of doffing-cylinders to a condensing carding engine the rubbers
of which are arranged to operate on the sliver with sufficient energy to thoroughly
consolidate it, thus completing the preparation for spinning.
The sliver or roving thus finished,-containing wool and peat-fibre in the
proportions already stated, can be spun and woven by ordinary methods into.
fabrics, which are then cleaned, dressed and prepared for their particular purpose,
in such a
manner as to preserve their properties of softness, suppleness and
unshrinkableness, as well as their antiseptic and absorbent qualities.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven--
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A process for effecting the introduction into wool of a proportion of 15 up to
25, 35 or 50 per cent. of the finer tissues of peat-fibre, said process consisting
essentially in mixing wool and peat-fibre in the above stated proportions of
incorporating the whole, and of carding it lengthwise in the carding engines-
ordinary, intermediate and finisher, under such conditions that the coarser fibres.
of the peat are eliminated, and the remainder submitted to a transverse movement
which facilitates its mixture and incorporation with the wool fibre as specified.
2. In carding engines for effecting the introduction into wool of a proportion of
15 up to 25, 35 or 50 per cent. of the finer tissues of peat-fibre, incorporating the
mixture, and eliminating the coarser fibres of the peat therefrom;-the modifica-
tions described consisting in-the acceleration of the speed of the cylinder A,.
separating the rollers wider according as they are nearer to the delivery side,.
imparting a to-and-fro longitudinal motion to the workers C and E, and accelerating
the speed of the doffing cylinder B; the whole substantially as and for the
purpose specified with reference to the accompanying drawings.
3. A novel industrial product or combination yarn for flannels, jerseys, hosiery
and similar textile manufactures, in which wool is combined with 15 up to 25, 35.
or 50 per cent. of the finer tissues of peat-fibre; such yarn combining in a high
degree all the qualities of wool and Dutch peat-fibre, as specified.
Dated this 27th day of November 1896.
For the Applicants,
GEDGE & FEENY,
60 Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C., Chartered Patent Agents..