Improvements in the Construction of Steam Generators and Gas Coolers.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Aug., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 21st May, 1891-Accepted, 27th June, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Steam Generators and Gas
Coolers.
We, WILLIAM FROGGATT, and GEORGE DAWSON, both of Thorncliffe, in the
County of York, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates more especially to steam generators, in which the necessary
heat is obtained from the hot gases produced in the manufacture of watergas, the
apparatus being also applied to the purpose of cooling such gases.
It is also applicable to other kinds of vertical boilers or steam generators,
whether heated by means of gas or of ordinary fuel. It has for its object, novel
methods of constructing such steam generators, so that they are easily and cheaply
made and their efficiency and durability materially increased.
Generators of the kind described, as heretofore ordinarily made, consist of a
vertical cylinder, having at its upper end an enlarged chamber formed by means of
angle irons and plates such enlarged chamber containing an inner chamber of less
diameter between the bottom of which and a horizontal tube plate near the bottom
of the inner cylinder, a sufficient number of vertical tubes pass, through which the
hot gases pass from a chamber at the bottom lined with fireclay or other refractory
material,. the gases (such as generator gas from watergas processes) being cooled in
their passage, whilst steam is generated from the water contained in the cylinder or
boiler, by the heat given out by them as they pass up.
The construction of the upper chamber upon the vertical cylinder in the way
described is expensive and troublesome. By our present invention, we make the
upper or steam chamber form a part of the steam generating cylinder or boiler, and
for this purpose we make it in the shape of a conical continuation of the vertical
cylinder, the upper part of the cone being of sufficiently increased diameter to
contain the inner chamber into which the cooled gases pass after leaving the tubes,
sufficient space being left between them for the necessary, water and steam spaces.
A lateral outlet from the upper chamber through such steam space is made for the
cooled gases through which they pass away to be utilized as desired.
The lower end of the vertical cylinder below the tube plate, is provided with an
angle iron or other fastening by which it can be fixed upon the chamber into which
the gas arrives from the gas generating apparatus, which chamber is also provided
with an opening and door for cleaning. The steam space between the upper wider
end of the conical part and the upper inner chamber, is closed by a sufficiently
strong plate rivetted to angle irons or otherwise, in the usual way.
The method of construction just described may be varied slightly, the main
vertical cylinder being connected to an upper cylindrical chamber of larger diameter
by a shorter conical part formed of plates suitably shaped and flanged, and rivetted
to the cylindrical parts. Or, the entire cylinder may be made conical, increasing in
diameter gradually from the bottom below the lower tube plate to the top of the
upper steam chamber, the diameter of the top being sufficient to leave the required
space between the cylinder and the internal chamber.
•
Instead of the internal chamber being entirely contained in the external cylinder
or cone, its upper part may rise above the top of the latter, the outlet for the cooled
gas, or a branch to a chimney passing from the side or from the top of such exposed
part of the chamber, in such a position as not to interfere with the expansion and
contraction of the inner and outer vessels or chambers, under extremes of tempera-
ture, and at the same time further simplifying the apparatus and reducing the cost
of manufacture.

page_text: Our invention is applicable not only to steam generators and gas coolers, for use
in the manufacture of watergas, but also to vertical steam boilers whether heated
by gaseous or other fuel.
Dated this 21st day of August 1890
EDWARDS & Co.,
35, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London,
Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Steam Generators and Gas
Coolers.
We, WILLIAM FROGGATT, and GEORGE DAWSON, both of Thorncliffe in the
County of York, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement, and accompanying drawings, that is to
say :-
This invention relates more especially to steam generators in which the necessary
heat is obtained from the hot gases produced in the manufacture of watergases, the
apparatus being also applied to the
purpose of cooling such gases.
It is also applicable to other kinds of vertical boilers or steam generators,
whether heated by means of gas or of ordinary fuel. It has for its objects, novel
methods of constructing such steam generators so that they are easily and cheaply
made and their efficiency and durability materially increased.
Generators of the kind described, as heretofore ordinarily made, consist of a
vertical cylinder, having at its upper end an enlarged chamber formed by means of
angle irons and plates such enlarged chamber containing an inner chamber of less
diameter between the bottom of which and a horizontal tube-plate near the bottom
of the main cylinder, a sufficient number of vertical tubes are arranged, through
which the hot gases pass from a chamber at the bottom lined with fireclay or other
refractory material, the gases (such as generated gas from watergas processes) being
cooled in their passage, whilst steam is generated from the water contained in the
cylinder or boiler, by the heat given out by them as they pass up..
In the accompanying drawings, which are in illustration of our invention,
Figures 1, 2, and 3, shew the ordinary method of construction just described,
Figure 1 being a vertical section, Figure 2 a side view, and Figure 3 a horizontal
section.
a is the outer vertical cylinder, and 6 the enlarged chamber at its upper end
containing the inner chamber c, the bottom of which forms a tube plated between
which and the corresponding tube plate e near the bottom of the cylinder a the
tubes are arranged, through which the hot gases pass up from the chamber g
which is lined with fireclay, and into which the hot gases are admitted through h,
whilst they pass away from the upper chamber c through i. In the ordinary method
of construction the upper outer chamber is connected to the cylinder a by means
of a horizontal plate and angle irons as shewn in Figure 1.
This method of construction is however expensive and troublesome.
By our present invention, as illustrated in Figures 4 and 5, which are a vertical
section and side view respectively, we make the upper or steam chamber 6 form a
part of the main steam generating cylinder or boiler a, and for this purpose we
substitute for the plate and angle irons (Figures 1 and 2) a short conical part k
formed of plates suitably shaped and flanged, and rivetted to the cylindrical
parts a and b.
This method of construction may be varied somewhat as illustrated in Figure 8
which is a side view the whole of the upper chamber b being in the shape of a
conical tube the lower end of which is a continuation of the vertical cylinder a,. the
upper part of the cone being of sufficiently increased diameter to contain the inner

page_text: chamber into which the cooled gases pass after leaving the tubes, sufficient space
being left between them for the necessary water and steam spaces. A lateral
outlet, shewn in dotted lines at i, and on a larger scale in Figures 9 and 10, from
the upper chamber through such steam space is made for the cooled gases through
which they pass away to be utilized as desired. Or the outlet may, if more
convenient be at the top as shewn in dotted lines at l.
Or, the entire cylinder a may be made conical, as shewn in vertical section in
Figure 6, and in side view in Figure 7, increasing in diameter gradually from the
bottom below the lower tube plate to the top of the upper steam chamber, the
diameter of the top being sufficient to leave the required space between the cylinder
and the internal chamber.
The lower end of the vertical cylinder below the tube plate, is provided with an
angle iron or other fastening m, by which it can be fixed upon the chamber g
into which the gas arrives from the gas generating apparatus, which chamber is also
provided with an opening and door for cleaning at n.
The upper wider steam space between the end of the conical part a (Figure 6)
and the upper inner chamber c, is closed by a sufficiently strong plate o rivetted to
angle irons or otherwise, in the usual way.
Instead of the internal chamber c being entirely contained in the external
cylinder or cone, its upper part may rise above the top of the latter (as shewn in
Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9) the outlet for the cooled gas or a branch to a chimney
passing from the side (as shewn in dotted lines at i) or from the top (as shewn at 1)
of such exposed part of the chamber c, in such a position as not to interfere with
the expansion and contraction of the inner and outer vessels or chambers, under
extremes of temperature, and at the same time further simplifying the apparatus
and reducing the cost of manufacture. The apparatus is provided with the usual
pressure and water gauges, safety and other valves and other fittings, and with
openings and doors for cleaning, where necessary.
Our invention is applicable not only to steam generators and gas coolers, for use
in the manufacture of water gas, but also to vertical steam boilers whether heated
by gaseous or other fuel.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
-
1. The method of manufacturing steam generators and gas coolers, with a conical
tube connecting the body of the generator and the upper chamber, substantially as
described and illustrated in Figures 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings.
2. The method of manufacturing steam generators and gas coolers by making the
upper part of the cylindrical body of the generator conical, substantially as described
and illustrated in Figure 8 of the accompanying drawings.
3. The method of manufacturing steam generators and gas coolers, by making the
entire body of the generator conical, substantially as described and illustrated in
Figures 6 and 7 of the accompanying drawings.
4. In steam generators and gas coolers, the method of construction consisting in
making the inner chamber c, to which the gas outlet is connected, project above the
top of the generator substantially as and for the purpose described, and illustrated
in Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9.
Dated this 21st day of May 10.
EDWARDS & Co.,
35, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicants.