IMPROVEMENTS IN SAWING MACHINERY CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR CUTTING STONE
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake,
& Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SAWING MACHINERY CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR CUTTING
STONE." A communication from abroad by Hugh Young, of the City and
State of New York, United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th November 1879.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SAWING MACHINERY
CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR CUTTING STONE." [A communication from abroad by
Hugh Young, of the City and State of New York, United States of America.]
This Invention relates more particularly to machines for sawing stone, in which
saws armed with diamonds, borts, and other hard stones or minerals are used, but
the said Invention is not necessarily restricted to such description of saws.
I combine in a sawing machine with a reciprocating saw-gate or sash means for
feeding and withdrawing the saw-blade towards or away from guides, governing
its reciprocating motion without impairing the parallelism of the saw-blade
relatively to said guides.
I provide the said machine with means for imparting a push or lift motion to
the saw-blade thus arranged to be fed or withdrawn within the sash without
imparting any corresponding motion to the carriers, between which the blade is
stretched and connected to the sash or to the guides governing its reciprocating
motion.
The carriers are arranged to be fed and withdrawn at or nearly at right angles
to the path of reciprocating motion of the sash.
The sash is provided with guides along which the said sash reciprocates, and in
combination with the saw-blade and the carriers for the said saw-blade I arrange
feed screws for these carriers, and mechanism for conjointly operating the said feed
screws.
The said machine has a sliding and rotating shaft provided with a sleeve for
transmitting to it rotary motion without interfering with its sliding or longitudinal

page_text: movement, and gear wheels are provided for communicating motion from the said
sliding and rotating shaft to the said feed screws.
I provide means preferably consisting of yielding tension devices or straps for so
connecting the saw with the carriers as to admit of imparting a push or lift
motion to the saw independently of the said carriers.
In combination with the said sash and carriers I arrange a shaft or actuating
device having a fixed position on the sash, and mechanism for transmitting motion
therefrom to the saw-blade to effect a push or lift motion of the latter independently
of the said carriers.
Levers are connected to the carriers and impinge on the top of the saw-blade;
screws are provided which are capable of a longitudinal motion to actuate the levers
to cause them to depress the saw-blade, or to relieve the saw-blade from the impact of
the said levers; and the said Invention comprises the combination with the saw-
blade and carriers of feed screws for operating the said carriers, screws for straining
and relaxing the saw-blade in gear with the said feed-screws, and mechanism for
straining and relaxing the saw by the action of the said straining and relaxing
screws, whereby the push and lift motion of the saw-blade independently of the
carriers is accomplished.
The said Invention also comprises the combination of a reciprocating sash, a saw-
blade and carriers arranged to traverse the same, and guides for the saw moving
in unison with the traverse of the saw-blade and its carriers, whereby the saw may
be effectively steadied in its work.
The said machine is provided with an apron moving in unison with the traverse
motion of the saw-blade, and protecting from injury the mechanism with which the
said blade is connected and that by which it receives its traverse motion; and
the said Invention comprises a novel combination of parts for transmitting
motion to the reciprocating sash, and for actuating the devices whereby the push
and lift motion of the saw-blade independently of its carriers is effected.
I provide the said machine with a fly-wheel, preferably also constituting a band-
wheel, and a trunnion and crank attached to the said wheel, the crank being
between the wheel and the said trunnion, whereby great cheapness, safety, and
efficiency are attained.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
5th May 1880.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SAWING MACHINERY
CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR CUTTING STONE." A communication from abroad by
Hugh Young, of the City and State of New York, United States of America.
This Invention relates more particularly to stone-sawing machines, in which
saws armed with diamonds, borts, and other hard stones or minerals may be used,
but the said Invention is not necessarily restricted to such description of sawa.
The first part of the said Invention consists in the combination in a machine for
Bawing stone with a reciprocating saw-gate or sash, of means for feeding and with-
drawing the saw-blade towards or away from guides governing its reciprocating
motion without impairing the parallelism of the saw-blade relatively to the said
guides.
Another part of the said Invention consists in the combination in a machine for
sawing stone with a reciprocating saw-gate or sash, and a saw-blade fed or with-
drawn within the said sash towards or away from slides governing the reciprocating
motion of the sash, of means for imparting a push or lift motion to the saw-blade
thus arranged to be fed or withdrawn within the sash without imparting any
corresponding motion to the carriers, between which the blade is stretched and
connected to the sash or to the guides governing its reciprocating motion.
Another part of the said Invention consists in the combination in a machine for
sawing stone with a reciprocating sash, of carriers arranged to be fed and with-
drawn at or nearly at right angles to the path of the reciprocating motion of the
sash, and a saw-blade stretched between the said carriers.
Another part of the said Invention consists in the combination in a machine for
sawing stone, of a sash, guides along which the said sash reciprocates, a saw-blade,
carriers for the said saw-blade, feed-screws for the said carriers, and mechanism
for conjointly operating the said feed-screws.
Another part of the said Invention consists in the combination in a machine for
sawing stone with a sliding and rotating shaft, of a sleeve for transmitting to it
rotary motion without interfering with its sliding or longitudinal movement, a
reciprocating sash, carriers to which a saw-blade is connected and between which it
is stretched, feed-screws for imparting motion to said carriers, and gear-wheels for
communicating motion from the sliding and rotating shaft to the said feed-screws.
Another part of the said Invention consists in the combination in a machine for
sawing stone with a reciprocating sash, of carriers for the saw adjustable in a
transverse relation with regard to the reciprocating movement of said sash, and
means preferably consisting of yielding tension devices or straps for so connecting
the saw with the carriers as to admit of imparting a push or lift motion to the saw
independently of the said carriers.
Another part of the said Invention consists in the combination in a machine for
sawing stone with a saw-sash arranged to reciprocate on or along guides, and with
carriers for the saw adjustable within said sash towards or from the guides, of a
shaft or actuating device having a fixed position on the sash, and mechanism for
transmitting motion therefrom to the saw-blade to effect a push or lift motion of
the latter independently of the said carriers.
Another part of the said Invention consists in the combination in a machine for
sawing stone of a reciprocating sash, a saw-blade arranged therein, carriers for the
said saw-blade travelling in the sash, yielding tension devices or straps connecting
the saw-blade with the carriers, levers connected to the carriers and impinging on
the top of the saw-blade, and screws, by which the means for actuating the said levers

page_text: are adjusted, and which are capable of a longitudinal motion to actuate the levers
to cause them to depress the saw-blade or to relieve the saw-blade from the impact
of the said levers.
Another part of the said Invention consists in the combination in a machine for
sawing stone with a reciprocating sash, a saw-blade and carriers therefor, of feed-
screws for operating the said carriers, screws for straining and relaxing the saw-
blade in gear with the said feed-screws, and mechanism for straining and relaxing
the saw by the action of the said straining and relaxing screws, whereby the push
and lift motions of the saw-blade independently of the carriers is accomplished.
Another part of the said Invention consists in the combination in a machine for
sawing stone, of a reciprocating sash, a saw-blade and carriers arranged to traverse
the same, and guides for the saw moving in unison with the saw-blade and its
carriers, whereby the saw may be effectively steadied in its work.
Another part of the said Invention consists in the combination in a machine for
sawing stone, of a reciprocating sash, a saw-blade and carriers arranged to traverse
the same, and an apron or aprons moving in unison with the saw-blade and
protecting from injury the mechanism with which the said blade is connected, and
that by which it receives its traverse motion.
Another part of the said Invertion consists in novel combinations of parts for
transmitting motions to the reciprocating sash, and for actuating the devices,
whereby the push and lift motions of the saw-blade independently of its carriers is
effected.
Another part of the said Invention consists in the combination of a fly-wheel,
preferably also constituting a band-wheel, and a trunnion or journal and crank
attached to the said wheel, the crank being between the wheel and the said
trunnion or journal, whereby great cheapness, safety, and efficiency are attained.
Figure 1 is a side view partly in section, and with portions broken away, of a
stone sawing machine constructed according to this Invention; and
Figure 2 is a plan of the same, with the fly-wheel or band or belt wheel partly
in section.
Figure 3 is an end view of the said machine; and
Figure 4 is a transverse section thereof.
Figure 5 is a horizontal section of one end of the said machine on the line x*, **,
Figure 1.
and
Figure 6 is a similar horizontal section upon the line y*, y*, Figure 1;
Figure 7 represents the guides connected with the blade-bearer for steadying the
blade in its push or lift motion.
Like letters indicate the same parts throughout the Drawings.
A represents the fixed frame of the machine, and B the reciprocating saw-gate
or sиsh; C is the saw-blade preferably armed with diamonds, borts, or other hard
stones. As shewn in the Drawings these parts are arranged to provide for a recip-
rocating movement of the blade in an approximately horizontal direction, and its
sides in a vertical plane, but the machine may be arranged to effect the cut in other
directions, as for instance, by arranging the saw to reciprocate up and down, or
with its sides in an oblique or a horizontal plane.
The sash B is arranged to reciprocate on or along slides or guides b, b, which
form portions of or attachments to the fixed frame, and has its reciprocating
motion imparted to it through any suitable mechanism, such, for instance, as the
rotating shaft D having its bearings in the fixed frame, the crank c, and connecting
rod d.
The blade C is not carried directly by the sash but by carriers E, E, which are
so arranged as to be capable of a synchronous movement within the ends of the
sash; or in other words, of a movement in a direction at right angles or thereabout

page_text: to the reciprocating movement of the sash to effect the feed and withdrawal of the
blade without affecting or interfering with the parallelism of the blade or blades
(if there be more than one) to the guides b, b. The blade C is attached to the
carriers E, E, by means of tension buckles or straps e, c.
To provide for the said feeding of the blade towards and into the stone and for
its withdrawal from the same (the stone, when the machine represented in the
Drawings is used, being placed below the blade) the following combination of
mechanism is preferably employed:-F is a rotating shaft arranged on the fixed
frame. This shaft carries a pinion g, which gears with a pinion h fast to a sleeve i
having, its bearings in or on the fixed frame. The said sleeve i and pinion h are
fitted on a square or feathered shaft k arranged in the direction of the reciprocating
motion of the sash B, and having its bearings in or on the latter, so that while the
pinion h serves to rotate said shaft the latter is free to slide through it. Fast upon
the opposite ends of the shaft k are bevel pinions L, L, which gear with bevel
pinions m, m, on feed-screws G, G. These screws fit nuts or female threads in the
carriers E, E, so that as they are turned they serve to feed or withdraw the blade.
For bringing the blade C into proximity to or away from the work this feed and
withdrawal movement may be effected independently and quickly, as for instance
through the gear-wheels H, I, the shaft J, and gear-wheels K¹ and L', L. The
gear-wheels L', L², are separately clutched with and disconnected from the driving
shaft M by any suitable device, so that either may be made to rotate the said
shaft J and impart motion to the same in either direction. The saw is made to
work with slow and adjustable feed by any suitable means. This feed, however,
may be effected as follows:-A crank N on the shaft D is connected by a rod O to
a lever P, which through a rod Q actuates a lever R. This lever R through a
rod S actuates a pawl engaging with a ratchet-wheel T on the shaft J¹, and thus
effects the desired result. The rod Q may be connected with either or both of the
levers P, R, at different points to vary the motion imparted to the shaft J¹.
When a push or lift motion is to be given to the blade C without giving any
like motion to the blade-carriers E, E, or to the sash, or to the guides which give
direction to the reciprocating motion of the sash (as is the case in the machine
shewn in the Drawings), the tension buckles or straps e, e, which stretch the blade
between the carriers E, E, are made susceptible of rocking or flexion, and the
power for producing the push or lift motion of the blade may be brought to some
fixed point or points in the sash as to the shaft n by any suitable means, as for
instance, by the crank N, rod U, cam V, the roller q', which works in the lever W
on the rock-shaft r, and through the bell-cranks 8, 8, rod t, and slide-bar u, which
is lifted and lowered thereby. This slide-bar u carries a shoe v, which is con-
nected to an arm w extending from the shaft n, and as it rises and falls it actuates
the screws c', c. I employ mechanism for transmitting the power from the said
point or the shaft in the sash to the blade stretched between the carriers capable of
movement within the said sash. This mechanism may be constructed as follows,
that is to say-On the shaft n is an arm a', which engages with or between a
collared portion 6' of the screw c¹, so fitted as to be capable of sliding up and down
through bearings at one end of the sash B. A similar sliding screw c is fitted to
the opposite end of the sash, and the shaft n has a crank d', which is connected by
a rode with a crank d³ on a shaft n' at the same end of the sash as the screw c².
This shaft n is connected by an arm a² with a collared portion 6* of the screw c².
By these means as the shaft n is vibrated the two aliding screws c¹, c³, will be
raised or lowered. These screws have nuts f¹, f1, fitted on them, and the said
nuts have levers g¹ engaging with them. These levers have their fulcrums on the
blade carriers E, E, and are so arranged that when the nuts f³, f', are raised by
the sliding motion of the screws c', c, through the vibration of the shaft n in one
direction the blade is kept against the stone, and is disengaged from the latter
through the vibration of the shaft n in the opposite direction. The tension of the
Baw-blade may, as herein shewn, be utilized to effect its removal from contact with
the work during the return stroke at the termination of each push above described.

page_text: To keep this communication of power for the push or lift motion in the same
relation to the blade, whatever the position of the said blade within the sash may
be, the screws G, G, are geared by wheels h', ', and h,, with the screws c¹, c³,
on which are the nuts f¹, f¹, in such a manner that the said nuts are moved at the
same rate of speed as the carriers E, E, the said wheels being of diameters corre-
sponding with the pitch of the screws G, G, and c¹, c², respectively, so as to produce
this result.
I do not, however, confine myself to the above means of communicating the
power for the push or lift motion to the blade when fed within the sash, as other
systems or devices may be employed to produce the same result, nor do I confine
myself to the use of any fulcrum for such power on the sash other than the feed-
screws for the blade carriers or their equivalents, as the tension-screws c', c³, or
their equivalents may be actuated from the fixed frame of the machine without
the fulcrum point or shaft n on the sash, herein described, or the equivalent thereof.
✗ represents guides for steadying the saw in its push or lift motion, and which
consist of brackets or cheeks attached to the blade bearers. X', X', represent guards
consisting of pairs of bars connected to the sash, and between which the blade C
works. To prevent the water and débris which collects on the blade from being
carried on to the mechanism by which the said blade is operated, I furnish the
inner edges of the guard-bars with flexible flaps x, constituting an apron or aprons,
and bearing against the blade, as shewn in Figure 5. The bars X¹ are preferably
curved or flared outwards rearwardly, so as to carry the dirt and débris away.
On the shaft D is a wheel Y, which serves as a balance-wheel; D¹ designating a
portion of the shaft D, formed with or rigidly secured to the said wheel, and con-
stituting or comprising one of the journals thereof. The wheel may be mounted on
this portion of the shaft, and secured by keying or otherwise. The crank c, as shewn
in the Drawings, consists of two arms or sides, one of which is sufficiently long to
connect to the wheel Y a journal or shaft-section D concentric with the section D¹,
so that with the latter it will support the crank and wheel. The other cheek arm
or side of this crank may be in the form of a disc, or made with wings, whereby a
base sufficient to resist the strain due to the weight and work of the wheel and
crank is afforded. In lieu of this, the other cheek arm or side may be in the form
of a crank-arm, fitted for contact to the face of the wheel. In either case it will
be secured to the wheel by bolts or other suitable means. The crank-pin or wrist
of the crank is between, and unites the said cheeks, arms, or sides. The journal or
section D* of the shaft D may be made in one piece with the cheeks or sides and
crank-pin or wrist by casting or forging, or the several parts may be made
separately and secured together. After the crank and wheel are bolted together,
the portions of the shaft are turned into line with each other.
M' designates a wheel or pulley mounted on the driving shaft M, and transmitting
motion by a belt Z to the wheel Y. This belt may be tightened for work by
means of a wheel Z¹ bearing against it and mounted in a standard Z³, which is
pivoted at its lower extremity so that it may be rocked forward or backward by
means of a rod Z³. The rod Z is provided with a toothed rack, with which
engages a pinion y¹ on a shaft Z, whereby it may be conveniently and easily
adjusted. V represents a brake-shoe pivoted to part of the fixed frame A, and
connected at one end by a rod V to the standard Z. When the standard Z³ is
rocked forward to cause the wheel Z¹ to tighten the belt Z, it also removes the
brake-shoe out of contact with the wheel Y, and when it is rocked backward
to effect the slackening of the belt it applies the said brake-shoe to the said
wheel Y.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the same, I wish it under-
stood that I claim,-
First. In a machine for sawing stone, the combination with a reciprocating saw-
gate or sash of means for feeding and withdrawing the saw-blade towards or
away from the guides governing its reciprocating motion without impairing

page_text: the parallelism of the saw-blade relatively to the said guides, substantially as
specified.
Second. In a machine for sawing stone, the combination with a reciprocating
saw-gate or sash, and a saw-blade fed or withdrawn within the said sash towards
or away from the guides governing the reciprocating motion of the sash, of means
for imparting a push or lift motion to the saw-blade thus arranged to be fed or
withdrawn within the sash without imparting any corresponding motion to the
carriers, between which the blade is stretched and connected to the sash or to the
guides governing its reciprocating motion.
Third. The combination with a reciprocating sash of carriers arranged to be fed
and withdrawn at or nearly at right angles to the reciprocating motion of the sash
and a saw-blade stretched between the said carriers, substantially as above set
forth and for the purposes specified.
Fourth. The combination of a sash, guides along which the said sash reciprocates,
a saw-blade, carriers for the said saw-blade, feed-screws for the said carriers, and
mechanism for conjointly operating the said feed-screw, substantially as above
set forth.
Fifth. The combination with a sliding and rotating shaft of a sleeve for
transmitting to it rotary motion without interfering with its sliding or longitudinal
movement, a reciprocating sash, carriers to which a saw-blade is connected and
between which it is stretched, feed-screws for imparting motion to the said carriers,
and gear-wheels for communicating motion from the sliding and rotating shaft to
the said feed-screws, substantially as above set forth.
Sixth. The combination with a reciprocating sash of the carriers for the saw
adjustable transversely with regard to the reciprocating movement of the said
sash, and means preferably consisting of yielding tension devices or straps for
connecting the saw with the carriers, so as to admit of imparting a push or lift
motion to the saw independently of the said carriers, substantially as above set
forth.
Seventh. The combination with a saw-sash arranged to reciprocate on or along
guides, and with carriers for the saw adjustable within the said sash towards or
from the guides, of a shaft or actuating device fixed on the sash, and mechanism
for transmitting motion therefrom to the saw-blade to effect a push or lift motion
of the latter independently of the carriers.
Eighth. The combination of a reciprocating sash, a saw-blade arranged therein,
carriers for the said saw-blade travelling in the sash, yielding tension devices or
straps connecting the saw-blade with the carriers, levers connected to the carriers
and impinging on the saw-blade, and screws by which the means for actuating
these levers are adjusted, and which are capable of a longitudinal sliding motion to
actuate the said levers to cause them to depress the saw-blade or to relieve the
same from the depression by the said levers.
Ninth. The combination with a reciprocating sash, a saw-blade, and carriers
therefor, of feed-screws for operating the said carriers, screws for straining and
relaxing the saw-blade in gear with the said feed-screws, and mechanism for
straining and relaxing the saw by the action of the said straining and relaxing
screws, whereby the push and lift motions of the saw-blade independently of
the carriers are accomplished.
Tenth. The combination of the reciprocating sash, the saw-blades, and carriers
arranged to traverse the sash, and guides for the saw moving in unison with the
saw-blade and its carriers, substantially as above set forth and for the purpose
specified.
Eleventh. The combination of the reciprocating sash, the saw-blade, and carriers
arranged to traverse the sash, and guides and aprons connected with the sash,
substantially as above set forth, and for the purpose specified.
Twelfth. The combination of the screws c', c³, shafts n, n¹, arms a¹, a²,
collars 61, 62, and rod e', substantially as above set forth and for the purpose
specified.

page_text: Thirteenth. The combination of the shaft n, arm w, shoe v, slider-bar u, bell-
cranks 8, 8, rod t, cam V, rod U, and crank N, with the saw-blade arranged to be
fed, and having a push and lift motion within the sash, substantially as herein
described.
Fourteenth. The combination of the shaft F, shaft J, crank N, rod O, lever P,
rod Q, lever R, rod S, and pawl and ratchet wheel T, with the saw-blade arranged
to be fed, and having a push and lift motion within the sash, substantially as and
for the purpose specified.
Fifteenth. The combination of the shaft F, shaft J¹, and bevel-wheels K¹, L¹, L³,
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Sixteenth. The combination of the wheel Y, wheel M', belt Z, wheel Z,
standard Z³, rod Z³, means for operating the latter, the brake V³, and rod V*,
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Soventeenth. The combination of a fly-wheel, preferably also constituting a band-
wheel, and a trunnion or journal and crank attached to the said wheel, the crank
being between the said wheel and trunnion or journal, substantially as and for the
purpose specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
W. ROBT. LAKE. (L.S.)