AN IMPROVEMENT IN SETTING ARTIFICIAL TEETH
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN SETTING ARTIFICIAL TEETH."-A com-
munication from abroad by David Steinberg, of the City and County of
San Francisco, United States of America.
Sealed the 29th August 1862, and dated the 16th April 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with bis Petition, on the
16th April 1862.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN SETTING ARTIFICIAL TEETH," to be
as follows:-
This Invention of an improvement in setting artificial teeth consists in
combining the teeth with a gold, platinum, or other metallic plate by means
of india-rubber or other vulcanizable gum, whereby all soldering and rivetting,
by which the plate is liable to be warped, is dispensed with; also the metal is
prevented from oxydizing, and the gum, when vulcanized, is made to serve as
a means of strengthening and preserving the form of the plate. The utility
of the Invention is particularly enhanced, inasmuch as any and all kinds of

page_text: teeth can be employed. As a further means for strengthening and preserving
the metallic plates but which has more particular reference to the application
of the gummy or vulcanizable substances, a series of bars are employed for the
purpose of serving as a means whereby the gummy substances may receive
additional strength and durability.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 16th October 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said William Edward Newton, Her special license that I, the said William
Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN SETTING ARTIFICIAL TEETH," being a communication
from abroad, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Edward Newton, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-

page_text: This Invention of an improvement in setting artificial teeth consists in
a certain mode of combining the teeth with a gold, platinum, or other metallic
plate, by means of india-rubber or other vulcanizable gum, whereby all
soldering and rivetting, by which the plate is liable to be warped, is dispensed
with. The metal is also prevented from oxidizing, and the gum, when
vulcanized, is made to serve as a means of strengthening and preserving the
form of the plate. The utility of the Invention is particularly enhanced
inasmuch as any and all kinds of teeth can be employed. As a further means
of strengthening and preserving the metallic plates, but which has more
particular reference to the application of the gummy or vulcanizable sub-
stances, a series of bars are employed (as fully described herein-after) for the
purpose of serving as a means whereby the gummy substances may receive.
additional strength and durability.
Fig. 1 in the accompanying Drawing is a side view of an upper set of teeth
set according to the present Invention; Fig. 2 is an under side view of tho
same; Fig. 3, a central section of the same from back to front; Fig. 4, a
transverse section, as indicated by the line x in Fig. 2; and Fig. 5 is an
under side view of an upper set of teeth with a series of bars, as represented
by the dotted lines in Figs. 2.
In carrying out the Invention the impression of the mouth is first taken
and the mould made and metal cast. The plate A to fit the mouth is thereby
obtained in the manner commonly practised by dentists when the teeth are to
be mounted on the plate in the usual manner, such plate, however, being
made of much thinner metal than is required when the india-rubber is not
used. The rear edge of the plate is then turned forward over its face, as
shewn in Figs. 2 and 3 at a, and the front and side edges b, b, are also turned
over, as shewn in Figs. 3 and 4, to make it hold the india-rubber c, c', which
is tinted of red color in the several Figures. When the plate A has been made
the articulation is taken in the usual way and the teeth B, B, arranged upon
the plate, the teeth being formed with pins on hooks d to hold the india-rubber.
Wax is then applied to the teeth and plate, where the india-rubber c, c', is
required of the thickness desired for the rubber. An impression in plaster of
the back or uncovered surface of the plate A is then taken in one of the
vulcanizing blocks, and when the plaster is set the surface of the portion
remaining around the outside of the plate is to be oiled, and while the plate.
remains in this flask the other flask is put on the top of it and filled with
plaster, entirely covering the plate, teeth, and wax, the latter having been
previously oiled to prevent the plaster from sticking to it. Having now;

page_text: obtained a perfect mould of the teeth, wax, and plate, the flasks are to be
separated, and the teeth not having been oiled are left sticking in the plaster
in the upper flask when the flasks are separated. All the wax is then removed
from the plate A, and the india-rubber which has been prepared for vulcan-
ization is to be applied to the portions of the plate formerly occupied by the
wax in such quantity as is required and the plate placed back in the first flask;
the two flasks are then pressed together in such a manner as to force the
india-rubber firmly into the plate and the plate firmly into the impression in
the first flask, that the proper shape may be perfectly retained. The flasks
are then placed in the vulcanizing oven, and after vulcanization has been
effected the flasks are removed from the oven and separated, and in this
separation the teeth easily leave the plaster in which they were held while the
india-rubber was being applied to the plate and now remain firmly and per-
manently united to the plate by means of the india-rubber. The principal
advantages of this mode of combining the teeth with the plate by means of
india-rubber or other gum capable of vulcanization are, first, that all soldering
and rivetting, whereby the plate is liable to be warped and a misfit or imperfect
fit produced, is dispensed with. Second, that it is a safeguard against oxidiza-
tion. Third, that no special construction of the teeth is required, but any
teeth that are generally employed by dentists can be used. Fourth, that by
covering the plate entirely with gum it is much strengthened. To insure
additional strength to the plate and the adhesion of the india-rubber or other
gum thereto, the bars e, f, f', (Figs. 2 and 5) are applied to form a frame or
lathwork, so that the gum may be applied under and around these bars before
the vulcanizing process is resorted to, which insures additional strength to the
plate and the adherence of the gum thereto. These bars may be placed in
any desired position, and the bar e has its ends bent at right angles, as shewn'
at g, Fig. 3, to form a rest, and both ends are soldered to the plate. The
bars ff, bave one or both ends bent at right angles, and are likewise soldered
to the plate A; but in Figs. 2 and 3 I represent the back ends soldered to the
Japping a, as shown at h.
Having now described this Invention of an improvement in setting artificial
teeth, I would observe that I do not broadly claim the employment of india-
rubber to unite the teeth to the plate, but what I claim as new in the present
Invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is,
First, combining the teeth with the gold or other metal plate by means of
india-rubber or other gum capable of vulcanization applied in the manner
herein specified,

page_text: Second, I claim the application, in combination with the gum, of the
bars e, ff, for the purposes herein set forth and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Fourteenth day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
W. E. NEWTON. (L.S.)