Improved Apparatus for Subjecting Pulverulent or Materials to the Action of Gases.
Year: 1888

page_text: Improved Apparatus for Subjecting Pulverulent or
Materials to the Action of Gases.
Granular
I, ROBERT HASENCLEVER, of The Chemische Fabrik Rhenania, Aachen, Germany,
General Director, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
My invention relates to an improved construction of apparatus for subjecting
pulverulent or granular materials to the action of gases, such for instance as for the
absorption of chlorine by lime in the manufacture of chloride of lime, which
apparatus consists mainly of a series of horizontal or slightly inclined closed channels
or tubes arranged either one above each other or side by side and each provided with
stirring and propelling apparatus, the said tubes being made to communicate with
each other and with a gas supply, in such a manner, that the pulverulent or granular
material fed into one end of the first tube, is caused by the stirring and propelling
apparatus to pass consecutively through all the tubes, while at the same time the gas
with which the material is to be treated is made to enter the last tube and to pass
consecutively through all the tubes in the contrary direction to that in which the
material travels, this being brought into intimate contact with the gas during its
transit, by means of the stirring apparatus.
On the accompanying drawing is shewn a construction of the above described
apparatus more particularly suitable for effecting the absorption of chlorine gas by
lime. Fig. 1 shews a sectional side view, Fig. 2 shews in end view and cross section,
and Figs. 3 and 4 shew enlarged details. A B C and D are a series of superposed
pipes of which a greater or less number can be used, according as the quantity of gas
to be absorbed is great or small.
Each tube contains a stirring and propelling apparatus consisting of a shaft T
carrying a number of oblique radial blades U which are by preference widened out at
the end, as shewn at Fig. + so as to afford considerable surface for raising and
propelling the lime. The ends of the shafts T are carried in bearings in the end
covers of the tubes, as shewn, and they are each provided at one end with a spur
wheel V, such wheels being all made to gear with each other as shown. On the

page_text: lowest shaft is a worm wheel W gearing with a worm X on the driving shaft Y.
The worm wheel W is loose on the shaft T but is connected thereto by a pin X',
passed through holes in both V and W when it is desired to work the apparatus, the
rotary motion thus imparted to the bottom stirring apparatus being communicated to
the upper ones by the gearing V.
When it is desired to stop the motion of the apparatus, the pin X is withdrawn.
The lime is charged into the one end of the top tube A through the hopper E, and
is caused by the blades U to travel slowly to the other end, where it falls through a
branch pipe F, connecting A with B, into the latter. Here it is conveyed back to the
other end of the tube, where it falls through a connecting branch G into C, and so on,
the lime being made to pass from Cinto D through the branch H and being
eventually discharged through a shoot I into a suitable receptacle, or a transporting
worm, that collects the lime discharged from a number of such apparatus.
The chlorine gas is made to enter the lowest tube D at the discharge end through a
lateral inlet K, and in flowing through the same is brought into intimate contact with
the lime as it is raised up by the stirrers. From the other end of D the gas rises
through the connecting branch L into C, and in like manner through the branches M
and N successively into B and A, the unabsorbed portion of gas, if any, passing
off from the inlet end of A through the branch O. The gas might also be made to
enter the several tubes through the same branches F G H through which the lime
descends, but in order to prevent the gas from carrying too much of the lime dust
with it, it is preferred to admit it as described.
The hopper B has, as shewn at Fig. 3, a description of throttle valve a which
receives a reciprocating motion as indicated by the arrows by means of a weighted
arm and revolving cam c so as to alternately open and close the hopper-opening,
.and thus produce a regular discharge of material from the hopper.
For observing the action of the stirrers, the tubes A B C D are formed on one side
with openings which are closed tightly by covers P, which can however be readily
removed when it is desired to inspect the interior of the tube, or for cleaning the
same.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. Apparatus for treating pulverulent or granular materials with gases, consisting
of a series of closed tubes communicating with each other alternately at opposite ends
and containing revolving stirring and propelling apparatus so arranged that the said
material fed into the one end of the first tube is caused to pass consecutively through
all the tubes and is at the same time stirred up so as to be brought into intimate
contact with the gases flowing through in the contrary direction, substantially as
herein described.
2. In apparatus for treating pulverulent or granular materials with gases, the
combination of closed tubes such as A B C and D having closed sight holes such as P
and connected together by branches such as F G H, stirring and propelling
apparatus consisting of a shaft T with stirring blades U, an inlet E for the
pulverulent material and an outlet for the gases at one end of the first tube and an
outlet I for the pulverulent material and an inlet K for gas at one end of the last
tube, substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Dated this 22nd day of November 1888.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.