Improved Apparatus for Grinding Animal, Vegetal, and Mineral . Substances.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 13th June, 1887
Complete Left, 1st Mar., 1888
Complete Accepted, 6th Apr., 1888
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Grinding Animal, Vegetal, and Mineral
.
Substances.
We, FRANÇOIS QUENÉHEN, Milling Engineer, and ACHILLE VANSTEENKISTE,
Manufacturer, both of Brussels, Belgium, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to effect the perfect and rapid grinding of any
vegetal, animal and mineral substances which may be utilised either for alimentary,
industrial or other purposes; the apparatus being especially applicable, for decorti-
cating and grinding wheat, rye, barley, oats, buck-wheat, maize, horse-beans, rice,
and analogous substances in order to produce good and fine flour.
By long industrial practice in milling we have perfected a simple apparatus, able
to perform such grinding operations generally. Our improved machines are free
from danger in their use, every mechanical organ thereof being supported in frames
and entirely covered. No cog-wheels are used, and the axles to be lubricated are all
placed in external bearings easily reached by the hand. Our apparatus is also
completely fire-proof being constructed of iron or other refractory material such as
glass, mill-stone, china or metals either hardened or tempered or not, emery, or silex.
In addition to such advantages, our improved apparatus is very economical, requiring
very little horse power for a large production.
Some of the practical advantages of our apparatus are the following, viz. :-The
corn is not heated in being crushed; the apparatus lasts very long owing to its large
working surface; any broken or worn out piece can easily be replaced; it can be
easily worked; and when once it has been regulated the work is always uniform.
can be placed either vertically or horizontally; and can be made square, triangular,
hexagonal, or of other suitable shape.
It
The main feature of the improved apparatus consists in the application and use of
several endless bands passing over cylinders or rollers, and which can be used in
any number and may be made of any length. Such endless bands may be constructed
of steel blades or plates, or of linked chains, or they may consist of leather or wire
bands or ropes, or of any other flexible substance such as hemp and horse-hair,

page_text: The apparatus is composed of two frames with opposite series of bearings which
support separate axles, a hopper being adapted to the top part of the frames and an
endless band or bands being supported by certain of such axles. Immediately below
the hopper there is placed a wooden or iron distributing roller which guides the
material to be ground, in the first instance between a hardened iron cylinder the
whole surface of which is grooved so as to only split the seeds in two pieces, or to
preparatorily crush the substances to be ground, and a sector in which is inserted
a hardened grooved metal piece such latter parts being so placed relatively to the
grooved cylinder as to be capable of being set at any required distance therefrom
and being regulated by a set-screw.
Below such cylinder and sector a sieve is provided the object of which is to separate
the crushed substances if so desired, the fine parts of which can if required escape,
and the coarser parts of which fall between the said band or bands which is or are
provided with blades or plates made of hardened grooved metal upon the whole of
its or their surface, and a second grinding sector or cylinder which may mutually
replace each other, according to the work to be performed. Either one or the other of
these latter pieces is mounted in slides in the same manner as that herein before referred
to, and is provided with a set screw. Behind the band at a part opposite to the second
grinding sector or cylinder on a cross-bar of the said frames is fixed a cast iron piece
supporting a wooden stretcher-roller or sector which is used to keep the band in a
constant straight line; the axle of this roller being supported in bearings which slide
on the said cast iron piece and being kept in position by means of a helical spring,
the parts being fastened and regulated by set-screws.
The substances which pass between such second grinding details fall into a second
sieve which separates the fine and coarse substances as herein before described, the
coarser parts falling into a third grinding device similar to that lastly described,
being quite finished when falling therefrom to where they are to be received in sacks
or other receptacles.
The said rollers and sectors may have their surfaces either smooth or provided with
grooves according to the work to be performed.
* Dated this 13th day of June 1887
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
321, High Holborn, London, W:C.,
Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Grinding Animal, Vegetal, and Mineral
Substances.
We, FRANÇOIS QUENEHEN, Milling Engineer, and ACHILLE VANSTEENKISTE,
Manufacturer, both of Brussels, Belgium, do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
The object of this Invention is to effect the perfect and rapid grinding of any
animal, vegetal and mineral substances which may be utilized either for alimentary,
industrial or other purposes, the apparatus being especially applicable for decorti-
cating and grinding wheat, rye, barley, oats, buck-wheat, maize, horse-beans, rico
and analogous substances in order to produce good and fine flour.
By long industrial practice in milling we have perfected a simple apparatus able to
perform such grinding operations generally, our improved machines are free from
danger in their use every mechanical organ thereof being supported in frames and
entirely covered and protected thereby. No cog-wheels are used and the axles to be
lubricated are all placed in external hearings easily reached by the hand. Our
apparatus is also fireproof being constructed of iron or other refractory material such
as glass, mill-stone, china or metals either hardened or tempered or not, emery or
silex. In addition to such advantages our improved apparatus is very economical
requiring very little horse-power for a large production.
Some of the practical advantages of our apparatus are the following, viz. Corn
is not heated in being crushed; the apparatus lasts very long owing to its large
working surface, it can be easily worked, and when once it has been regulated the
work is always uniform, and any broken or worn out piece thereof can easily be
replaced. It can be placed either vertically or horizontally, and can be made square,
triangular, hexagonal or of other suitable shape and of any required size.
The main feature of the improved apparatus consists in the application and use of
endless bands passing over cylinders or rollers, and which can be used in any number
and may be made of any length. Such endless bands may be constructed of steel
blades or plates or of linked chains, or they may consist of leather or wire bands or
ropes or of any other flexible substance such as hemp or horse hair.
On the annexed drawings, Fig. 1. represents a vertical cross section of our
improved apparatus partly through the line, A, B, of Fig. 3. and partly through the
line, C. D, E, F, of Fig. 2. Fig. 2. represents a vertical section at right angles to
the section represented in Fig. 1. Fig. 3. represents a side elevation, and Fig. 4. a
top view partly in section.
The apparatus is constructed with two frames, 1', and, 21, with opposite series of
bearings, A', A2, A3, which respectively support axles, B1, B2, B3, a hopper, 1, being
adapted to the top part of the frames, and an endless band or bands, G, being
supported by wheels, 1×, 2×, respectively keyed on the axles B B³. Immediately
below the hopper there is placed a wooden or iron distributing roller, B*, which
guides the material to be ground, in the first instance between a hardened iron
cylinder, B, carried by the axle, B3, (and the whole surface of which roller is grooved
so as to only split the seeds in two pieces, or to preparatorily crush the substances to
be ground,) and a sector, C, in which is inserted a hardened grooved metal piece, 1),
such latter parts being so placed relatively to the grooved cylinder, B³, as to be

page_text: capable of being slid towards or away from and set at any required distance therefrom,
being regulated by an adjusting screw, E.
Below such cylinder, B³, and sector, C, D, a sieve, F, is provided the object of
which is to separate the crushed substances if so desired, the fine parts of which can
if required escape, and the coarser parts of which fall between the said band or
bands, G, which is or are provided with blades or plates made of hardened grooved
metal upon the whole of its or their surface, and a grinding sector, H, or cylinder, I,
which may mutually replace each other according to the work to be performed.
Either one of these latter pieces is mounted in slides in the same manner as that
hereinbefore referred to for the sector, C, D, and is provided with an adjusting
scrow, J.
Behind the band G at a part opposite to the grinding sector H. or
cylinder, I. on a cross bar of the said frames 1', 21, is fixed a cast iron piece
supporting a wooden stretcher roller, L, or sector, I', which is used to keep the band
in a constant straight line; the axle of this roller being supported in bearings M
which slide in the piece, K. and being kept in position by means of a helical spring, N.
the parts being fastened and regulated by set-screws, Q.
The substances which pass between such grinding details fall down an incline, 1,
onto a second sieve, Q, which separates the fine and coarse substances as hereinbefore
described, the coarser parts falling into a second grinding device (R, S, T, U, and, V,)
similar to that lastly described, and falling therefrom to where they are to be
received in sacks or other receptacles.
The said rollers and sectors may have their surfaces either smooth or provided
with grooves according to the work to be performed, and, if required, more than
two series thereof may be applied to the machine.
The substances to be ground being introduced in the hopper, 1, come to the
spreader, 2, and preparating device 3, from thence coming upon the sieve, 4, the
coarsest parts enter between the band and cylinder or sector, 5, 6, 7, then by
the sieve, 8, they are divided and the coarsest parts undergo a second grinding
operation in the device 9, 10, 11.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. A grinding apparatus essentially composed of a spreader, and an endless band or
bands passing over two or more grooved pulleys and between cylinders or cylinders
and sectors in order to split crush and pulverize any kind of substances, substantially
as hereinbefore described.
2. The roughening or splitting device composed of a grooved cylinder, B5, and
sector, C, the latter being provided with a hardened metal piece, D, the separation
of the cylinder from the sector being adjustable and regulated by a set-screw, E, in
order to effect a preliminary crushing of the substances to be ground, substantially as
herein before described.
3. The application and use in combination with the end-less band or bands, G, of
any required number of sets or series of stretching rollers, L, or sectors, P, (adapted
with springs, N) and of grinding cylinders, I, or sectors, H, the end-less band or bands
being provided with hardened grooved metal plates or blades and passing between
such rollers and cylinders in order to grind the substances prepared in the
device B³, CD, and which have not passed through the sieves, substantially as
hereinbefore described.
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
321, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.