Improvements in or connected with Thread Guides for Spooling or Winding Machines.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Jan., 1893-Accepted, 18th Feb., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Thread Guides for Spooling or
Winding Machines.
We HERMANN FICKER and ADOLF MEUSEL, both of Chemnitz, Saxony,
Germany, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings to
which reference is hereinafter made :-
Our said invention relates to improvements in the guides or devices used for
giving a to and fro motion to the thread or yarn when being wound on bobbins
pirns or tubes in spooling or winding machines and has for its object the production
of tighter hobbins than heretofore while avoiding breakage of the yarn.
Our said invention is applicable to machines in which the winding spindles are
vertical as shown in section in Figure 1 or to machines in which the winding spindles
are horizontal as shown in section in Figure 2. In both these arrangements of the
spindles the thread guiding mechanism for producing the conical winding (such as
is employed for yarn intended for use in weaving or hosiery manufacture) is the
game.
It is therefore sufficient to describe in detail the application of our said invention
to a machine having vertical spindles.
The thread guide is uniformly raised and lowered by a heart shaped cam m
Figure 1 the stroke of which corresponds to the vertical height p of the conical
winding of the bobbin as shown at Figure 3 on a bobbin such as used in knitting
machinery and at Figure 7 on a pirn for carrying the weft in weaving.
As heretofore constructed the eye of the guide consists of a curled wire k (as
shown in dotted lines in Figure 5 which is a plan of Figure 3) secured on the front
of the arm h. In order to slightly lift the guide after each layer has been wound
the arm his connected with the friction roller (Figures 3 & 5). The latter has no
internal thread but fits loosely on the screw y with which it engages by means of
the spring f
When the screw has descended sufficiently by the action of the cam m the
friction roller comes in contact with the last coils of the cylindrical part a of the
bobbin Figure 3 and is thereby caused to rotate and consequently to be raised and
to lift the guide k. The rotation of the guide & or the arm h is prevented by the
rod (Figure 1) on which the arm h slides up and down.
In order to wind the yarn as firmly as possible on the bobbin a tension roller n
(Figures 1 & 2) mounted on a lever n' provided with an adjustable weight_n* is
ordinarily used. A tension sufficient to form a firm bobbin can however only be
applied by this arrangement to yarns of cousiderable strength and it is found that when
winding open or loosely spun or twisted yarns to which only a slight tension may be
given by the roller n the bobbins are not wound sufficiently tight and in using the
bobbins in subsequent manufacturing operations more than a single coil of yarn is
taken off at once.
The object of our said invention is to obviate this defect and to ensure the
formation of a tightly wound bobbin whatever class of yarn may be used.
It is well known that a loosely spun or twisted thread is the more easily torn
asunder as the length between the points at which it is held increases and vice versa
the shorter the length of the thread which is pulled the greater in general is the
stress which may be applied on account of the fewer ends of fibre existing in the
shorter length. If finally the length acted upon is reduced to less than the length
of the fibres the yaru can only be broken by the rupture of the fibres themselves.

page_text: The strength imparted to the yarn by the twisting of the fibres is in the latter case
a matter of indifference.
In our said invention as applied to machines with upright spindles the eye k of
the thread guide (Figure ) is replaced by a plate of sheet metal 661 Figures 3 & 5
hinged at so that the front part of always bears against the yarn a' which is
being wound on the bobbin. In the front end of is the guide hole or eyelet c and
as close as possible behind this is a brake or tension roller e having an. angular
annular groove to receive the yarn which by its friction causes the tension roller e
to rotate. To impede this rotation there is first a friction disc e¹ of felt leather or
similar material, against this comes the tension roller e then a second friction disc e
and a spring the pressure of which may be regulated by the nut e³ and the
screw e¹. Near the guide eye c is fixed a hook d under which the yarn is guided
before passing round the tension roller e and through the guide eye c to the
bobbin.
The tension roller e lies in a dished recess surrounded by the annular rim b
which facilitates the easy insertion of the yarn in the groove of the tension roller.
Owing to the tension on the yarn the guide eye c is drawn towards the coils of
yarn or it may be set to bear thereon by setting the hinge 63 obliquely as shown in
Figure 8. In order that the guide eye c of the sheet metal disc may as far as
possible only bear on the coil being wound it is dished so that it touches the coils of
yarn with the convex side. With the same object in view the whole of the tension
device is set obliquely as shown in side elevation in Figure 4. The sheet metal
part is shown hinged in the drawings. We may however form it without hinge
having in lieu thereof a spring 64 (Figure 6) to carry the tension roller. In this form
the spring may be so formed as either to bear against the coils of yarn a' or away
from them in order that in the latter case the pull of the thread under tension may
draw the eye c in towards the bobbin.
Figure 9 shows a side view and Figure 10 a front view of our invention as
applied to a machine having horizontal spindles. On the screw 9 which has
a reciprocating motion parallel to the bobbin A is mounted the friction roller /
having as hereinbefore described a spring f¹ taking into the threads of the screw.
On the boss of the friction roller is freely pivoted the yarn guide carrier C to
which is secured the sheet metal plate B having the guide eye cover the bobbin
and bent upwards as shown in the drawing at B3 to receive on a stud e¹ the tension
device herein before described.
As before the guide eye bears on the coiled yarn and the free thread between
the tension roller and the bobbin is very short. In the arrangement shown the
eye is drawn towards the bobbin by the pull of the thread itself. The adjustable
weight E serves to balance the weight of the tension roller and lift. the thread
guide when the thread breaks.
In yarn guiding devices made according to our said invention and applied to
either upright or horizontal spindles the part of the yarn under tension is very short
and as hereinbefore explained a correspondingly greater tension may be used
whereby the yarn is more tightly wound and a bobbin is formed which not only
contains more yarn than hitherto but does not let off more than a single coil at
once.
It is to be understood that we do not limit our said invention to such machines
as we have hereinbefore described and shown inasmuch as it is applicable to any
form of spooling or winding frame in which yarn guides are used.
When our said invention is applied the ordinary tension rollers n (Figures 1 and 2)
are dispensed with and the yarn is taken direct from the reel q to the tension
roller e Figures 3 and 9..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is

page_text: feature of which is that the tension is applied in immediate proximity to the eye
of the guide which when in action bears on the coil being wound whereby only a very
short length of yarn is subjected to tension with the object of obtaining a firmly
wound bobbin and avoiding breakage of the yarn.
Dated this Tenth day of January 1893.
EDWARD TURNER WHITELOW,
70, Deansgate, Manchester, Agent for the Applicants.