IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF OILS FOR ILLUMINATING, LUBRICATING, AND OTHER PURPOSES FOR WHICH THEY MAY BE APPLICABLE
Year: 1867

page_text: Sealed the 2nd August 1867, and dated the 7th February 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Edward Pain and
Charles Corroy at the Office of the Commissioners. of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 7th February 1867.
We, GEORGE EDWARD PAIN, of 121, High Street, Camden Town, and
CHARLES CORROY, of 66, Dean Street, Soho, both in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PREPARATION OF OILS FOR ILLUMINATING, LUBRICATING, AND OTHER PURPOSES FOR
WHICH THEY MAY BE APPLICABLE," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the treatment or
preparation of rosin oils, so as to render them suitable for illuminating,
lubricating, and other purposes for which they-may be applicable.
The-improyed treatment consists in purifying the oils in a peculiar manner,
and mixing them with paraffine oil or petroleum, or with the oil of schist or
other mineral oils, so as to form a compound which we intend to denominate
"phoenix oil."

page_text: In carrying out our Invention we place in an ordinary still or alembic
1 cwt. of brown rosin oil with two pounds of tritoxide of iron; the oil is left to
melt. and when it is liquid the tritoxide of iron is stirred in with a stick. The
still is then closed, and with a moderate heat the oil is distilled in order to
obtain and collect the pinoline, which is a light essential oil and comes over
first into the condenser. When all the pinoline has been collected the heat
may be raised a little in order to obtain the fixed oil, which must be carefully
kept apart from the other, for it is this oil alone which is to be used for
lighting purposes in combination with the mineral oils above mentioned.
After having obtained all the fixed rosin oil the heat is again raised in order
to obtain all the heavy oils. When this operation has been completed all the
fixed oil is placed in a vessel, and about fifty per cent, of light oil, either of
petroleum, paraffine, or schist is added, and into the mixture of oil about 2
per cent. of hydrochloric acid is introduced; the mixture is well stirred and
agitated for about twenty minutes, after which about 30 per cent. of water
heated to about 60° cent. is added, taking care to stir the mixture during this
addition, which should be effected in about 20 minutes longer. The ingredients
may then be left quiet for 24 hours, when the supernatant liquor may be
drawn off and again placed in a still or alembic with the addition of another
2 per cent. of tritoxide of iron, which must be well mixed with the oil. The
mass may then be distilled in the ordinary manner, taking care this time to
separate the products. From this second distillation is obtained a very liquid
clear oil which will burn perfectly in the ordinary paraffine lamps, and will
give a much more brilliant light than the oils of paraffine or petroleum when
used alone.
For lubricating purposes we employ the light fixed rosin oil alone, but
purified and distilled in the manner above set forth. For the manufacture of
soap and for tanning purposes the heavy oil alone is employed. In order to
obtain a drying oil suitable for painting we take the light rosin oil, to which
we add the essential oil above named, pinoline.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Edward Pain and Charles Corroy in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 5th August 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
EDWARD PAIN, of 121, High Street, Camden Town, and CHARLES CORROY, of
66, Dean Street, Soho, both in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said George Edward Pain and Charles Corroy, Her special licence that we,
the said George Edward Pain and Charles Corroy, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said George Edward Pain and
Charles Corroy, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE PREPARATION OF OILS FOR ILLUMINATING, LUBRICATING, AND OTHER PURPOSES
FOR WHICH THEY MAY BE APPLICABLE," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said George Edward Pain and Charles Corroy, our executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we. the said George Edward Pain and Charles
Corroy, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof :-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the treatment or
preparation of rosin oils, so as to render them suitable for illuminating,
lubricating, and other purposes for which they may be applicable.
The improved treatment consists in purifying the oils in a peculiar manner,
and mixing them with paraffine. oil or petroleum, or with the oil of schist or
other mineral oils, so as to form a compound which we intend to denominate
phoenix oil."
In carrying out our Invention we place in an ordinary still or alembic
1 cwt. of brown rosin oil with 2 pounds of tritoxide of iron; the oil is left
to melt, and when it is liquid the tritoxide of iron is stirred in with a stick.
The still is then closed, and with a moderate heat the oil is distilled in order
to obtain and collect the pinoline, which is a light essential oil and comes over
first into the condenser. When all the pinoline has been collected the heat
may be raised a little in order to obtain the fixed oil, which must be carefully

page_text: kept apart from the other, for it is this oil alone which is to be used for
lighting purposes in combination with the mineral oils above mentioned."
After having obtained all the fixed rosin oil the heat is again raised in order
to obtain all the heavy oils. When this operation has been completed all the
fixed oil is placed in a vessel, and about fifty per cent. of light oil, either of
petroleum, paraffine, or schist is added, and into the mixture of oil 2 per cent.
of hydrochloric acid is introduced; the mixture is well stirred and agitated
for about 20 minutes, after which about 30 per cent. of water heated to about
60 degrees is added, taking care to stir the mixture during this addition,
which should be effected in about 20 minutes longer; the ingredients may
then be left quiet for 24 hours, when the supernatant liquor may be drawn
off and again placed in a still or alembic with the addition of another 2 per
cent. of tritoxide of iron, which must be well mixed with the oil. The mass
may then be distilled in the ordinary manner, taking care this time to separate
the products. From this second distillation is obtained a very liquid clear oil
which will burn perfectly in the ordinary paraffine lamps, and will give a
much more brilliant light than the oils of paraffine or petroleum when used
alone.
For lubricating purposes we employ the light fixed rosin oil alone, but
purified and distilled in the manner above set forth. For the manufacture of
soap and for tanning purposes the heavy oil alone is employed. In order to
obtain a drying oil suitable for painting we take the light rosin oil, to which
we add the essential oil above named, pinoline.
In witness whereof, we, the said George Edward Pain and Charles
Corroy, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-fourth
day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-seven.
GEORGE EDWARD PAIN. (L.S.)
CHARLES CORROY.
(L.S.)