Improvements in and relating to Folding Boxes, Baskets, and Crates.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Dec., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 14th Oct., 1897-Accepted, 27th Nov., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Folding Boxes, Baskets, and Crates.
We CHARLES FLETCHER RICHARDSON of 18 St. Swithin's Lane, London,
Accountant, and JAMES LYON SCOTT-LYON of 40 Kirby Street Hatton Garden,
London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
This invention relates to folding packages in which the sides ends and cover
fold over and on to the bottom which is rigid and forms a base for the super-
structure.
Our improvements consist in supporting the sides and ends by means of angular
brackets at their corners or angles, any two of such brackets being connected by
a rod or bar if preferred.
Instead of attaching the cover by means of fixed hinges, we attach it by short
chains and we furnish it with two detachable hooks so bent as to engage with a bar
or rod in the body of the package and form a removable hinge.
The angular brackets, (or bar with angular ends,) which we place on the bottom
to support the sides, serve also to confine the whole package when folded and in
the case of the basket can be formed with eyes to receive a rod fastener thus dis-
pensing with cord for securing the folded package. This rod is also utilised to
fasten the cover when the basket is full of goods, there being eyes or staples placed
to engage with it.
By means of the chain attachment the cover can be folded without projecting
beyond the bottom, and it can also be reversed so as to bear the address for the
returned empty on its underside.
Instead of the usual short handles at either end, we interlace a rope with the
sides and bring it round the ends in such a way as to form a handle the whole
width of the end.
In the covers of crates and cases we sometimes employ projecting clips or lugs
on one side of the cover, and hinged hasps which shut over a turnable bent pin
on the other side of same, thereby dispensing with cord or hinges to hold said
cover in place.
Dated this 14th day of December 1896.
S. S. BROMHEAD,
97 Newgate Street, E.C., Agent for Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION. -
Improvements in and relating to Folding Boxes, Baskets, and Crates.
We CHARLES FLETCHER RICHARDSON of 18 St. Swithin's Lane, London,
Accountant, and JAMES LYON SCOTT LYON sometime of 40 Kirby Street Hatton
ו...

page_text: Garden London, but now of 31 Reform Street Dundee County of Forfar, Scotland,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention relates to folding packages in which the sides, ends and cover
fold over and on to the bottom which is rigid and forms a base for the super-
structure.
And in order that our said invention and the manner of performing or carry-
ing the same into effect or practice may be properly understand we have here unto
appended two explanatory sheets of drawings in which the same reference letters.
are used to indicate corresponding parts in all figures where shown, that is to say;
Fig. 1(sheet 1) shows a perspective view of one of our improved folding boxes,
baskets, or crates.
Fig. 2. (sheet 1.) shows a perspective view of same when folded.
Fig. 3. (sheet 1) shows a perspective view of another of our improved folding
boxes baskets or crates.
Fig. 4. (sheet 2) shows hook for cover.
Fig. 5. (sheet 2) shows plan and elevation of angular piece for loose cover.
Fig. 6. (sheet 2) shows plan and side elevation of improved special hinge.
Fig. 7. (sheet 2) shows a perspective view of special angular piece with lug slot
and tail piece.
Fig. 8 (sheet 2) shows plan and side elevation of turniable pin or thumb piece.
Fig. 9. (sheet 2) shows front view. and side elevation of folding hasp."
Fig. 10 (sheet 2) shows perspective view of another of our improved folding
boxes baskets or crates.
We will now describe our invention with reference to the accompanying draw-
ings in which:---
At Fig. 1 is shown in perspective a folding package or box according to one part
of our invention. a. is the folding end, b.. the folding sides, e. the lid, d. the
bottom. a. is hinged to the bottom at e. e. and the corresponding end at the other
end of the box in the event of the box being of double the length of its depth is
similarly hinged. If the depth is greater than half the length then one of the
ends is hinged at a height higher and equal to the thickness of the end in order
that one end may fall over on the other. b. is hinged at f. f. and similar remarks
as were made with reference to the end apply to the position of the hinges on the
sides with reference to the depth and breadth; that is to say, if the breadth is
twice or more than twice the depth then the height of the hinges from the
bottom of the box of both sides are the same. In the contrary event the height
of the hinge on that side of the box to which the lid is attached is higher to allow
of it folding on the top of the opposite side when it is folded downwards as may be
seen in the folded' box Fig. 2. the hinge f. f. being at a greater height from the
botton than on the opposite side.
. . Fig. 1. are special forms of chain linge. These hinges may have any
number of links or joints but must not have less than two as at h. h. and i. i. Fig. 1.
Both joints must be so formed as to permit of turning through an angle of
180 degrees.
k. k. Figs. 1. and 3. are hasps for securing the lid of the box.
1. Fig. 1. is an illustration of the angular bracket at one of the angles of the box
for supporting the end a. m. Figs. 1. 2. 3 and 10 is an illustration of an angular
bracket at one of the corners for a similar purpose provided with a tongue or lug
as shown in dotted lines at m¹ Figs. 3 and 10 and enlarged view at Fig. 7. This
tongue or lug which may have a hole or slot for a cotter or which may be tailed
out for a screw to carry a nut or which may take the form of a simple bolt passing
through a hole in the end of the box gives additional rigidity. Either of these
devices may be connected by a rod or bar, as illustrated at n. Fig. 1. for increase
of strength and this applies more particularly to baskets and crates. When such
is used one link or joint of the chain hinge of the lid may be attached to it as

page_text: illustrated at o. Fig. 1. and curved hooks Fig. 4. attached to the lid opposite
holes r. r. may also engage with it at the said holes in such a way as to become
detached when the lid is opened and the operater wishes to fold the empty box.
In the case of a connecting har not being used the curved hooks engage with holes
either in the edge of the box itself or in plates affixed thereto. The bar in the
corresponding position on the other side of the box beginning at p. Fig. 1. may
be made to carry the staples q. q. Fig. 3. with which the hasps k. . engage. The
angular brackets or bar with angular ends which we place on the bottom to
support the sides are shown at s. Figs 1 and 2. this angular bracket has a curved
tongue shown in dotted lines t. Fig. 10. which engages with a slot in b. when the
box is open and which serves the purpose of retaining the lid when the box is
folded in the case of lids which are according to another portion of our invention
following not provided with the chain hinge. In the case of baskets where the
curved tongue is not so suitable we provide eyes at the top of the
bracket . u. Figs. 1. and 2. and a rod v. Fig. 2 to engage with the eyes at each
side and fasten the box when it is folded. This rod may be used also as a
fastener when the box is full of goods for fastening the lid as shown at v. Fig. 3.
. Figs. 2. and 3. is a lient end to the rod provided with a slot or hole for padlock
ing or fastening.
According to another part of our invention we employ projecting clips or lugs
on the one side of the lid or cover which when the box is full of goods engage the
back edge of the cover as at y. y. Figs. 3. and 10.
Fig. 5. is an enlarged representation of these projecting clips or lugs which
hold down one side of the cover the holes shown at Fig. 5. are for the attachment
to the top edge of the box.
On the other side of the cover we provide a hinged hasp z. Figs. 9. and 10. which
shut over a turnable bent pin or thumb piece as at z Figs. 8 and 10.
In operating our invention the ends a. a. are first folded inwards and as before
stated in the event of the length of the box being double or more than double the
height both ends fold directly on the bottom. In the contrary event one of the ends
is hinged at a higher level equal to the thickness of the other end and the
one end is folded on the top of the other in a similar fashion to that in which the
sides of the box are shown folded at b. b. Fig. 2. The sides are now similarly
folded. The lugs tongues pin or bolt of the angular brackets do not pass in
practice beyond the previously folded side as strengthening bars which are almost
always employed give the necessary depth. If for any reason such strengthening
bars are not used then suitable clearance requires to be provided to allow the
tongue or bolt to pass. The method of folding the lid depends on whether it is
attached by the chain hinge or hy the lug system. In the former event the joints
of the chain allow of the lid being turned through 180 degrees hack ward and allow
of adjustment of the edges to the width of the bottom. In the event of the
joints of the chain being reduced to two then the distance between. the said
joints h. i. Figs. 1. and 6. must be of a length depending on the proportions of the
box to permit of such adjustment when the lid is folded and whether the hinge
is placed on the outside or the inside of the cover or lid. The drawings show the
hinge on the outside of the lid but the principle of the invention is the same
whether the hinge is on the outside or the inside. If an outside hinge the length
of link is equal to half the difference between that part of the side which is folded
and the breadth of the lid. If an inside hinge the length of the link is equal
to half the depth of that part of the side which is folded. If the hinge is placed
on the outside the lid is reversed to show if necessary a return address card which
in most cases is advantageous. In the case of the hinge being on the underside
of the lid the same side of the lid is exposed whether the box is set up or folded.
In the event of the lid being detachable or loose, when the box is folded the
back edge is passed under the tongue of the before mentioned angular bracket s
Fig. 10. on bottom of box and the front edge is fastened by a hasp and thumb
piece or bent pin z and Figs. 8 and 9,

page_text: We wish it to be particularly understood that we do not limit ourselves to the
precise details of construction hereinbefore described and illustrated on the
annexed drawings but that we hold ourselves free to make such changes and altera-
tions as conform with the disposition and scope of our invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:-
1. In folding boxes, baskets, crates or the like the combination of angular
brackets or stop pieces at their corners or angles for the abutment and retention of
the ends; as herein described and set forth.
2. In folding boxes, baskets, crates or the like the combination there with of a
special chain hinge having two or more joints; as herein described and set forth.
3. In folding boxes, baskets, crates or the like the combination of special
brackets with lugs or tongues with or without slots or tailscrews; as herein
described and set forth
4. In folding boxes baskets, crates or the like the combination of special
brackets with or without lugs slots and tailscrews having a connecting bar or
rod; as herein described and set forth.
5. In folding boxes, baskets, crates or the like the combination therewith of
special hooks on the cover engaging with eyes on connecting bar or otherwise;
as herein described and set forth.
6. In folding boxes, baskets, crates or the like the combination therewith of
angular bar with or without projecting lug or tongue provided with suitable hole
for the engagement of a rod for fastening the package when folded; as herein
described and set forth.
7. In folding boxes, baskets, crates or the like the combination therewith of a
hasp and turnable pin or thumb piece or of a bar engaging with two or more
staples and hasps; as herein described and set forth.
8. In folding boxes baskets crates or the like the combination of angular
brackets or stop pieces or angular brackets or stop pieces with slot or tail screw
with or without connecting bar, special hinges, special hooks engaging with eyes
and fastening devices when folded; as herein described and set forth.
Dated this Thirteenth day of October Eighteen hundred and ninty seven
JAS. L. SCOTT-LYON.