Improved Detergent Compound or Preparation for the Washing or Scouring of Textile Fabrics or other Articles.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Mar., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 5th Dec., 1893-Accepted, 3rd Feb., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Detergent Compound or Preparation for the Washing or
Scouring of Textile Fabrics or other Articles.
I, WILLIAM BROTHERS, of Higher Clews Chemical Works, Rawtenstall, in the
County of Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
:-
The object of this invention is to provide an ammonia compound in solid form
for washing laundry detergent or scouring purposes.
Hitherto ammonia for these purposes has chiefly been provided as a liquid
which is objectionable for domestic purposes on account of the danger consequent
upon the liability of glass vessels to be broken or overturned and the liquid to be
spilled.
The invention consists essentially in the use or application of the solid hydrogen-
ammonium-carbonate or ammonium bi-carbonate (NH HCO,) or sesqui-carbonate
or other carbonates of ammonia either alone or mixed with a granulated, soft, or
other soap or with the alkalies either caustic or in the form of carbonates for
washing detergent or scouring purposes or of a solid washing or detergent compound
for textile fabrics and other purposes composed principally thereof.
In carrying out the invention I at present prefer to employ the hydrogen-
ammonium-carbonate either in a crystalline or powdered state and add thereto a
small percentage of caustic soda or potash which when dissolved in water will
combine with the carbonate of the ammonia compound forming a soluble carbonate
of soda and liberating ammonia.
For some purposes a compound of the bi-carbonate of ammonia with a granulated,
soft, or other soap may be prepared from which ammonia will be liberated on being
mixed with hot water.
It will also be evident that a carbonate or sesqui-carbonate of soda or potash
may be mixed with the bi-carbonate or other carbonate of ammonia to produce a
similar or an equivalent product.
The hydrogen-ammonium-carbonate when used either alone or mixed with the
alkalies or soaps will when added to water preferably hot be dissolved or decomposed
the ammonia being liberated on mixing with the water.
The compound may also be used in the manufactures either in the bleaching or
dyeing of textiles for the purpose of neutralising any acid in the fabric the result
of an acid bath or otherwise.
I consider that this will be a more efficient and much safer compound to use for
such purposes than the liquid ammonia of commerce at present used therefor.
Dated this 20th day of March 1893.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Detergent Compound or Preparation for the Washing or
Scouring of Textile Fabrics or other Articles.
I, WILLIAM BROTHERS, of Higher Clews Chemical Works, Rawtenstall, in the
County of Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to provide an ammonia compound in solid form
for washing, laundry, detergent, or scouring and cleaning purposes.
: Hitherto, the ammonia employed for the aforesaid purposes has been provided
in a liquid form as liquor ammonia, but this is very objectionable for domestic and
other uses, on account of the danger consequent upon the liability of containing
vessels (chiefly of glass) to be broken, or overturned and the liquid-which in its 1
strong state is very corrosive-spilled.
My invention consists essentially of a washing powder, or detergent compound
for general washing scouring and cleansing purposes composed of a solid ammonium
hydrogen carbonate, (NH,HCO₂) preferably finely ground, and either alone or
mixed with a granulated or other soap or with the carbonates of the fixed alkalies. 1
Such mixture may be made in any desired proportions but I consider it better to
have an excess of the ammonium hydrogen carbonate.
A suitable proportion
would be equal quantities of the materials, or 75 per cent. of one and 25 per cent.
of the other.
In carrying out the invention I prepare the ammonium hydrogen carbonate either 2
in a powdered or crystalline state and preferably employ it in that form, though it
may also be prepared into a further compound by mixing with it a graulated or
other soap or a carbonate of one of the fixed alkalies.
In order to use and apply the aforesaid compounds for washing, cleansing, or
scouring purposes, a small quantity is dissolved in boiling water by pouring the 2
boiling water upon them in a suitable vessel, which liberates a large proportion of
the combined carbonic acid gas. This may be used hot or allowed to cool and the
result is a detergent liquor of great power which may be employed for, or added.
to water for any of the above purposes.
The aforesaid compounds may also be used in the bleaching or dyeing industries,: 3
or in any other industry where it is desired to neutralise excess of acids.
"
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:
A compound for washing, scouring and cleansing purposes composed of ammonium 3
hydrogen carbonate, either alone or mixed with soap, or with the carbonates of the
fixed alkalies, or a mixture of the three aforesaid substances.
Dated this 4th day of December 1893.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool, and London, Patent Agents.