Improvements in the Construction of Kilns for Drying Grain, Seeds, and other Vegetable, Mineral, or Animal Substances.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 5th Oct., 1889-Accepted, 9th Nov., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Kilns for Drying Grain, Seeds,
and other Vegetable, Mineral, or Animal Substances.
I JOSEPH WILSON of High Park Mills Toxeth Park Liverpool in the County of
Lancaster Corn Miller, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of this invention is to construct an automatic kiln, for drying grain,
seeds, and other vegetable, mineral or animal substances.
The improved kiln will be built or formed in the shape of a square, round, or
octagonal or other tower of brick, iron, stone, concrete, or other suitable material (the
square form being preferred) and the perforated floors, of which there may be three or
other convenient number are of a circular form and arranged one above the other
having a drying chamber above each floor and a hot air chamber beneath.
The angular spaces between the circular floors, and corners of the square tower, I
propose to utilize two for convoying heat to the space beneath the perforated floors,
and the two opposite angles to convey the steain or hot air away from the drying
chambers; a fan or ventilator being attached to the outlet thereof so as to draw away
the steam or hot air after passing through the perforated kiln floors. The hot air
chamber beneath the lowest floor will be heated direct from a furnace placed beneath
or on a level therewith and provided with suitable regulating dampers and the hot air
will be supplied from the furnace flue by the angle flues before mentioned to the
hot bair chambers beneath each of the upper floors.
If preferred however the floors may be heated by steam, hot air, or hot water
pipes laid under the kiln floors, which latter are preferably constructed of perforated
tiles supported on suitable iron bearers, or they may be constructed of iron, copper, or
brass plates either perforated or plain, or of woven wire.
Arrangements are made to supply the kiln (on the various floors) by means of a
hopper or a worm and a fixed spout or spouts delivering either at or about the centre,
or at or near the sides of the kiln floor, as may he considered most desirable, and
rakes or sweeps working on each kiln floor are attached to a vertical revolving shaft
which passes up through the centre of the various floors, and is driven by suitable
gearing, the speed of revolution being capable of adjustment to suit the nature of the
grain or other substance under operation.
The said rakes or sweeps are so arranged as to follow each other and pass the
grain &c. from the centre towards the delivery spouts at the corners, or to take the
grain from the outside and gradually pass it inwards to a delivery spout at the centre
as the case may be.
The delivery spouts will be so arranged as to deliver either from one floor to another
or from each floor separately at the option of the person in charge.
The rakes may be supported from the central shaft either by means of chains rods
cords or metal stays or brackets, or they may be carried on wheels or slides running
upon circular ways or guides round the sides of the kiln.
The grain or other substance to be dried may be fed to the hopper by hand or
automatically by means of a worm, belt, or creeper, and the dried grain or other
article may also be removed from the mouth of the delivery spout or spouts by
similar ineans, and raised if required to a higher level by means of any suitable kind
of automatic elevator.

page_text: Improvements in the Construction of Kilns for Drying Grain, Seeds,
and other Vegetable, Mineral, or Animal Substances.
I JOSEPH WILSON of High Park Mills Toxbeth Park Liverpool in the County
of Lancaster Corn Miller do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to construct an automatic kiln for drying grain,
seeds, and other vegetable mineral or animal substances.
The nature of my said invention and the manner in which the same is to be performed
or carried into practical effect will be readily understood on reference to the annexed
sheet of drawings and the following explanation thereof.
Fig. 1. on the drawings is a vertical section of an automatic drying kiln constructed
according to my invention.
Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the same taken through about the line A-B in
Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 is a similar view showing a modification of the rakes or sweeps
and also a partial section through the furnace."
The improved kiln will be built or formed in the shape of a square round or octagonal
room or other tower a of brick, iron, stone, concrete or other suitable material (the
square form being preferred, as shown on the drawings) and the perforated floors b
of which there may be three as shown or other convenient number, are of a circular
form (see Fig. 2) and arranged one above the other having a drying chamber c above
each floor and a hot air chamber & beneath.
The angular spaces e, f, g, h, between the circular floors b and corners of the square
tower or room a I propose to utilize two e, and for conveying heat from the furnaces
to the space & beneath the perforated floors 6 and the two opposite angles 9 and h to
convey the steam or hot air away from the drying chambers c, a fan or ventilator not
shown on the drawings being attached to the outlet thereof so as to draw away the
steam or hot air after passing through the perforated kiln floors b.
The hot air chamber d beneath the lowest floor will be heated direct from a
furnace (or furnaces) i (Figs. 1 and 3) placed beneath or on a level therewith and
provided with suitable regulating dampers, and the hot air will be supplied from the
furnace flues by the angle flues e and before mentioned to the hot air chambers d
beneath each of the upper floors b, through the openings e¹ and f1.
If preferred however the floors may be heated by steam, hot air, or hot water
pipes, laid under the kiln floors b which latter are preferably constructed of
perforated tiles supported on suitable iron bearers, or they may be constructed of
iron, copper, or brass plates either perforated or plain, or of woven wire.
Arrangements are made to supply the kiln (on the various floors) by means of a
hopper or a worm k, and a fixed spout or spouts delivering either at or about
the centre as shown, or at or near the sides of the kiln floor as may be considered
most desirable and rakes or sweeps m working on each kiln floor are attached by
arms to a vertical revolving shaft o which passes up through the centre of the
various floors band is driven by suitable gearing (not shown) the speed of revolution
heing capable of adjustment to suit the nature of the grain or other substance under
operation.
The said rakes or sweeps m may be made in the form of a continuous coil as
shown at Fig. 2 or they may ho separate sweeps so arranged as to follow each
other (see Fig. 3) and pass the grain &c. from the centre towards the delivery spouts q
at the outside or to take the grain from the outside and gradually pass it inwards
to a delivery spout at the centre as the case may be.
The delivery spouts may be so arranged as to deliver either from one floor to
another or from each floor separately at the option of the person in charge. The
rakes or sweeps m may be supported from the central shaft o either by means of
chains rods cords or metal stays or brackets if required, or they may be carried on

page_text: wheels or slides running upon circular ways or guides s round the sides of the kiln
as shown at Figs. 1 and 2.
The grain or other substance to be dried may be fed, to the hopper by hand or
automatically by means of a worm k or a belt, or creeper, and the dried grain or
other article may also be removed from the mouth of the delivery spout or spouts g
by similar means and raised, if required, to a higher level by means of any suitable
kind of automatic elevator.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
-
The construction and use of an automatic drying kiln substantially as herein before
described and illustrated by the drawings annexed.
Dated this 4th day of October 1889.
GEORGE DAVIES,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agent for the Applicant.