CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLS COMPLETE SPFICATION
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Taylor, of Holbeck, near Leeds, in the
County of York, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLS
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said George Taylor at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and Declaration, on
the 1st November 1854, pursuant to the 9th section of the Patent
Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
TAYLOR, of Holbeck, near Leeds, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS I, the said George Taylor, hath petitioned Her Majesty to
grant unto me, my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her Royal Letters
Patent for an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLS FOR GRINDING
CORN AND OTHER SUBSTANCES:"
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Taylor, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
and the Drawings thereon annexed and referred to (that is to say):-
The advantages which I consider to be attendant on my Invention are,
firstly, a greatly improved quality of flour; secondly, to grind a larger quantity
in a given time, requiring much less attention, and therefore insuring greater

page_text: power;
thirdly, considerably less wear and tear in the machinery, and extreme por-
tability of the same, and requiring much less expense in the construction of
buildings for the same; fourthly, the holding down of the top stone with bolts
and nuts, the same or more pressure can be had to grind that with a heavy
stone revoling, as at present used, thereby effecting a great saving of
fifthly, by having the stones double-faced stones, so as to grind on both sides
alternately; by turning them over there will be a saving of time in dressing
them, and fewer spare stones required, and each side, if required, can be
dressed to suit different purposes of grinding, as double the number would do
at present.
DESCRIPTION.
Firstly, I cause the bottom stone A, which is usually fixed to the floor of
the mill, or other stationary fixing, to revolve, so that the full advantage of the
centrifugall force may be obtained in clearing the stones of the flour or ground-
substances. The said stone A is to be balanced on an inverted steel point or
spherical end B (coloured pink), fitting into a corresponding cavity on the top
of the spindle C, and surrounded by a reservoir or dish containing oil, thereby
preventing wear and tear, and also allowing the stone to balance itself
freely; the said stone A to be driven by a carrier D (coloured blue), with
two or more driving parts, the said driving parts to be in or about the centre
of the thickness of the stone A; the centre of the above driving parts to be in
the same line, or nearly so, as the centre of the spherical end of the steel
balance point B; a carrying box E (coloured green) to be fixed into the eye
of the stone A, having two or more parts to correspond with those on carrier
D; a cover F to be placed over carrying box, 'so as to prevent any dirt or other
injurious substance from getting to any of the revolving or working parts.
Secondly, a ring G of iron or other suitable material to be fixed round the
periphery of the stone A, to prevent the flour or other ground substances
already delivered from the stones from comeing into contact again with
any of
the revolving parts of the stones, but more particularly the lower or revolving.
stone A; a case of wood or other material H (coloured yellow) being either
fixed or revolving slowly under the ring G, on the perhipery of the revolving
stone A, to seperate the flour or other ground substances effectually from
the stone A, aforesaid, from having anything to do with rubbing it round
to the delivery spout or spouts.
Thirdly, a circular creeper 1 (coloured red) to revolve round the outside of the
case H and inside the cases H1, independently, or with either one or all of
:

page_text: them, having scrapers or brushes J to carry the flour or other ground substances
escaping from the stones to the delivery spout or spouts at a very slow speed,.
say, one revolution in one or two minutes; the motion of the creeper I to be
obtained in the following or other suitable manner, namely, by a pinion K on
the spindle C, gearing into and driving a wheel L, on the axle of which is
a worm or endless screw M, which drives the wheel N on one end of the
inclined shaft O, on the other end of which is a pinion P, gearing into teeth
in creeper I, and thus completing its motion round the stones.
Fourthly, the top or stationary stone S to be levelled by 'three or more
fixed points T, of iron or other material, on the top or edge of it, and to be
held in its proper position horozontally by six or more nutts in.couples Q, Q, Q,
above and below fixings R, R, R, for that purpose, to adjust and fasten it at
three or more points on the periphery, or on the top of the said'stone S.
Fifthly, the top and bottom stones, or either of them; to be 'double-faced
stones, (that is,) to have both the surfaces so arranged by dressing, that they
may be used for the purpose of grinding by turning over, so that one stone
can be adapted for different sorts of work. The driving power of or for this
mill may be communicated either by strap or toothed gear, or by any other
known method.
Having now described my Invention, and the manner in which the same
is to be carried into practical effect, I hereby make the following claims:-
Firstly, I claim the balancing of the bottom, or what is usually called the
bed stone, on an inverted steel point or spherical end bearing in a corre-
sponding cavity on the top of spindle, the centre of the said steel point or
spherical end to be in or about the centre of the thickness of the aforesaid
stone, the balance point to be surrounded by a reservoir or dish containing
oil; also the carrier, carrier box, and cover; the carrier and carrying box
to have two or more corresponding driving parts, the centre of the said
driving parts to be in or about the centre of the thickness of the revolving
stone A.
Secondly, I claim the ring G round the upper or on any part of the perhi-
phery of the stone A, or the other stationary stone S, to prevent the flour or
other ground substances from comeing into contact with either of the said
stones after being delivered from them by the centrifugal force; also the cases
H1 next to the outside iron caseing.
Thirdly, I claim the circular revolving creeper I with scrapers or brushes J,
for clearing the cases, and to carry the meal or flour round to the escape
spout or spouts, to be made of wood, iron, or other suitable material.

page_text: Fourthly, I claim the method of adjusting and fixing the upper stone by
means of screwed adjusting nuts Q, Q, Q, and the fixing R, and the three or
inore levelling points T.
Fifthly, I claim the arrangement of having both the surfaces of the stones
grinding or working surfaces.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Taylor, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of October; One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-four.
GEORGE (L.s.) TAYLOR.