IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUSES FOR GENERATING AND SUPERHEATING STEAM, AND FOR HEATING
Year: 1858

page_text: Sealed the 19th October 1858, and dated the 21st April 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Green and Edward
Green, the younger, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 21st April 1858.
We, EDWARD GREEN and EDWARD GREEN, the younger, both of Wakefield,
in the County of York, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUSES FOR GENERATING AND SUPERHEATING
STEAM, AND FOR HEATING," to be as follows:-
This Invention has reference to and consists of improvements upon three
former Inventions, for which Letters Patent were granted to Edward Green
on the 10th Dec. 1845, 10th Dec. 1853, and the 13th Sept. 1856,
respectively.
In the boiler or furnace flues through which the heat from the furnace
escapes, we place a series of pipes, chambers, or passages resembling in their
general features those described in the Specifications of the former Patents
mentioned above. Within these pipes we place either solid blocks of metal,
Price dr

page_text: earthenware, or other suitable substance or hollow pipes which may be filled
with water, leaving an annular space for the passage of steam between the
outer pipes and the inner blocks or pipes. The steam from a boiler, which is
to be used. in the cylinders of a steam engine or otherwise, is caused to pass
through the external pipes, and around the blocks or inner pipes. The whole
area of the annular spaces within the outer pipes may be increased beyond
or be reduced to less than the area of the steam pipe, which
conducts the steam away from the apparatus. The object of placing the
blocks within the outer pipes is to cause the steam which passes through the
latter to impinge upon and pass rapidly through the heated outer pipes, whereby
it becomes superheated. The object of sometimes placing water pipes within
the outer pipes is the same together with that of imparting heat to the water
contained in them, which water may then be used for feeding the boiler or for
other purposes, or may even pass off from the apparatus in the form of steam.
Part of the superheating, or outer pipes may have blocks, and the remainder
water pipes applied therein as may be deemed desirable. We employ scrapers
for removing the soot from the outside of the aforesaid external pipes, as in the
former Inventions herein alluded to.
In some cases we employ sets of tubes curved or bent into forms resembling
syphons, and so placed within the flues and connected with the steam generator,
that the steam to be superheated shall enter them at the ends, near to which
the waste products of combustion leave the flues, and pass gradually onward
towards the ends which are in contact with the hottest gases that enter the
flues, thereby becoming gradually heated. By these means the heat of the
waste gases will be most effectually and completely absorbed by the steam
within the pipes. In some or all of these curved superheating steam pipes,
we place internal pipes communicating with each other at their lower ends,
and opening at their upper ends into the superheating steam pipes. We supply
these internal pipes with water from the engine pump or otherwise, and keep
it at any convenient level by a regulating valve.
This water becoming heated by the superheated steam is evaporated and
mixes in the form of steam with the steam in the external pipes. The same
system of, and the same or similar apparatus for heating may be applied to the
heating of other fluids.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Green and Edward Green, the younger, in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 21st October 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, EDWARD
GREEN and EDWARD GREEN, the younger, both of Wakefield, in the County of
York, Engineers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victória, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Edward Green and Edward Green, the younger. Her special licence that
we, the said Edward Green and Edward Green, the younger, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Edward Green and
Edward Green, the younger, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others. from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM.
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUSES FOR GENERATING AND SUPERHEATING STEAM, AND FOR
HEATING," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Edward
Green and Edward Green, the younger, or one of us, our executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under our, or tlfeir, or one of our or
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Edward Green and Edward Green,
the younger, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the
Drawings hereunto annexed, that is to say:-
This Invention has reference to and consists of improvements upon three
former Inventions, for which Letters Patent were granted to Edward Green
on the 10th December 1845, 10th December 1853, and the 13th September
1856 respectively. In the boiler or furnace of flues through which the heat
from the furnace escapes, we place a series of pipes, chambers, or passages,
"

page_text: resembling in their general features those described in the Specifications of
the former Patents mentioned above. Within these pipes we place either
blocks of metal, earthenware, or other suitable substance or hollow pipes,
which may be filled with water, leaving an annular or other space for the
passage of water between the outer pipes and the inner blocks, or for the
passage of steam between the outer pipes and the inner pipes. The steam
from a boiler which is to be used in the cylinders of a steam engine or other-
wise, is, in the latter arrangement, caused to pass through the external pipes,
and around the inner pipes. The whole area of the spaces within the outer
pipes may be increased beyond or be reduced to less than the area of the
steam pipe which conducts the steam away from the apparatus. The object
of placing the blocks within the outer pipes is to cause the particles of the
water which pass through the latter to impinge upon and pass rapidly through
the heated outer pipes, whereby it becomes heated. To facilitate the heating
of the water and the liberation of steam as it is generated, the internal blocks
may be put in motion either rotary or other, by means of bevil wheels or other-
wise, and be so formed as to agitate the water when thus put in motion. The
formation of scale within the pipes will also be prevented by these means
The object of sometimes placing water pipes within the outer pipes is similar
to that of placing blocks there together, with that of imparting heat to the
water contained in them, which water may then be used for feeding the boiler
or for other purposes, or may even pass off from the apparatus in the form of
steam. Part of the outer pipes may have blocks, and the remainder water
pipes applied therein as may be deemed desirable. We employ scrapers for
removing the soot from the outside of the aforesaid external pipes as in the
former Inventions herein alluded to.
In some cases we employ sets of tubes curved or bent into forms resembling
syphons, and so placed within the flues and connected with the steam generator,
that the steam to be superheated shall enter them at the ends, near to which
the waste products of combustion leave the flues, and pass gradually onwards
towards the ends which are in contact with the hottest gases that enter the
flues, thereby becoming gradually heated. By these means the heat of the
waste gases will be most effectually and completely absorbed by the steam
within the pipes. In some or all of these curved superheating steam pipes,
we place internal pipes communicating with each other at their lower ends,
and opening at their upper ends into the superheating steam pipes. We
supply these internal pipes with water from the engine pump or otherwise,
and keep it at any convenient level by a regulating valve. This water

page_text: becoming heated by the superheated steam is evaporated, and mixes in the
form of steam with the steam in the external pipes. The same system of, and
the same or similar apparatus for heating may be applied to the heating of
other fluids.
Our first arrangement, that in which blocks are placed within the tubes, is
illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 of the annexed Drawings, the former being a
vertical section of a boiler and furnace, and the latter a sectional plan. A, A,
are the pipes placed in the furnace flues, through which pipes the water from
the boiler B circulates, rising to the same level throughout; C, C, are passages
through which the water passes from the boiler to the pipes; D, D, are the
blocks or stirrers which are caused to revolve by means of the bevil wheels.
E, E, driven from the engine or by hand from the outside; F, F, are scrapers
arranged to rise and fall, as described in the Specification of a previous
Patent; G, G, are horizontal pipes below, in which are fitted revolving spiral
stirrers and cleaners, like that shown in the detached view Figure 3; and in
Figure 1, H, H, are division plates for causing the gases to circulate more
effectually in the flues. The steam generated in both the boiler B and the
pipes A, A, passes along the steam space I, and down the heated spaces K,
in the latter of which it is superheated, as will be understood, passing finally
off to the cylinders, or wherever else it may be required; L is a feed pipe,
and M is a blow-off cock. Figures 4 and 5 illustrate in sectional elevation
and sectional plan respectively the arrangement in which we place the water
pipes A, A, within the steam pipes B, B, the steam passing between the two.
The tendencies in this arrangement are for the waste heat to superheat the
steam, and for the steam then to heat the water within the inner pipes. This
arrangement in other respects resembles that already described and illustrated.
The remaining modifications of our improved apparatuses need no further
description or illustration.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we do not confine the
use of our improved apparatuses to the heating of steam and water, as the
same are intended to be employed for heating air and all other fluids to the
heating of which they are or may be applicable; and we claim,
First, placing water or other pipes, chambers, or passages in the flues of
furnaces, and furnishing the same with internal blocks or stirrers for promoting
the circulation of the fluid contained therein, and for scraping off the deposit
essentially as herein-before described, and represented in Figures 1, 2, and 3
of the Drawings annexed.

page_text: Secondly, placing water or other pipes, chambers, or passages within steam
pipes, chambers, or passages, and these again in the flues of furnaces, essen-
tially as herein-before described, and illustrated in Figures 4 and 5 of the
Drawings annexed.
Thirdly, the employment of seis of syphon tubes, in the manner and for the
purposes herein-before described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Edward Green and Edward Green, the
younger, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twentieth day of
October, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
EDW GREEN.
EDWARD GREEN, JR. (L.s.)
EDWARD GREEN, JR. (L.s.)