Improvements in Gas Lamps.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Dec., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 4th Sept., 1889-Accepted, 5th Oct., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas Lamps.
I, ADAM WIGHTMAN CLARK, of Victoria Works, Buchan Street, Glasgow, in the
County of Lanark, North Britain, Brassfounder, do hereby declare the nature of this
Invention to be as follows, that is to say :-
My said Invention has for its object to improve and simplify the construction of gas
lamps of the kind in which provision is made for heating the air supplied to the flame
or flames. My improved lamp may be made as a pendent lamp with a descending
gas supply pipe carrying the lamp, and with an annular flame spreading beneath
reflectors; or it may be made with a tulip-like flame extending outwards and upwards
from the upwardly directed end of a gas supply pipe which may be a gasalier or other
branch or bracket pipe or a standard pipe. The two modifications are hereinafter
distinguished as inverted and upright.
In the inverted modification the gas supply pipe is within an uptake tube for the
products of combustion or flame gases, and at its bottom end communicates by three
or other convenient number of branches with an annular space formed between a short
outer tube and a longer inner tube. The outer tube is bulged near its lower end
and the bulged part forming the burner is pierced with small holes for the issue
of the gas jets; and the inner tube serves for the main air supply which enters
at its bottom end where a regulating valve may be placed, and a projecting rim is
provided to support the glass globe or shade. The inner or air tube is perforated
below the burner and some of the air passes out into an annular deflector fixed on the
outside of the tube to direct the air upon the under side of the gas flame or flames.
From the top of the inner or air tube the air passes between the gas supply branches
and through a perforated shell into an annular cylindrical heating chamber through
which it descends to the upper side of the gas flame or flames. The outer shell of
the air heating chamber is connected by radial arms to the top of the lamp which is in
the shape of a conical enlargement of the lower end of the uptake tube for the flame
gases. At the lower part of the shell of the air heating chamber there is placed.
inner annular reflector and heat storer made of asbestos which is supported by a ring
screwed to the bottom of the shell and which can be withdrawn down over the burner
when the inner reflector requires renewal. An outer asbestos reflector is fixed to the
framing of the lamp and the flame gases pass up between the two reflectors and by
acting on the outside of the shell of the air heating chamber cause the air to be
considerably heated on its way to the upper side of the gas flame or flames. A little
air is by preference admitted between the outer reflector and the ring fitting the top
edge of the glass globe or shade. A small opening and covering slide are provided
outside of the bottom of the air tube for introducing a taper for lighting
the gas.
an
In the upright modification the gas supply pipe communicates by small branches
with an annular space formed as in the inverted modification between an inner air
tube and an outer tube the latter being made with a perforated bulged part or burner.
Air has access to the under side of the flame or flames through a deflector tube outside
of the burner tube. The inner air tube extends above the burner and air issues
through perforations in it into an annular heating chamber shaped to direct it down-
wards upon the upper or inner side of the gas flame or flames. A bulbous glass
chimney encloses the burner and air supplying and air heating parts.
Dated this Fifth day of December 1888.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas Lamps.
I, ADAM WIGHTMAN CLARK, of Victoria Works, Buchan Street, Glasgow, in the
County of Lanark, North Britain, Brassfounder, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say :-
My said Invention has for its object to improve and simplify the construction of gas
lamps of the kind in which provision is made for heating the air supplied to the flame
or flames. My improved lainp may be made as a pendent lamp with a descending gas
supply pipe carrying the lamp, and with an annular flame spreading beneath
reflectors; or it may be made with a tulip-like flame extending outwards and upwards
from the upwardly directed end of a gas supply pipe which may be a gasalier or other
branch or bracket pipe or a standard pipe.
The two modifications which are hereinafter distinguished as inverted and upright,
are shown on two accompanying sheets of explanatory drawings, figure, 1, on sheet, 1,
being a small-scale general elevation of the inverted lamp, and figure, 2, an enlarged
view, one half in vertical section whilst figure, 3, on sheet, 2, is an elevation of the
upright lamp with one half in vertical section. In these drawings the same reference
numerals are used to mark the same or like parts wherever they are repeated.
In the inverted modification, figures, 1, and 2, the gas supply pipe, 4, is within an
uptake tube, 5, for the products of combustion or flame gases, and at its bottom end
communicates by three or other convenient number of branches, 6, with an annular
space, 7, formed between a short outer tube, 8, and a larger inner tube, 9. The outer
tube, 8, is bulged near its lower end, and the bulged part, forming the burner, 10, is
pierced with small holes for the issue of the gas jets; and the inner tube, 9, serves
for the main air supply which enters at its bottom end, 11, (where a regulating valve
may be placed) and a projecting rim, 12, is provided to support the glass globe or
shade, 13. The inner or air tube, 9, is perforated at 14, below the burner, 10, and
some of the air passes out into an annular deflector, 15, fixed on the outside of the
tube, 9, to direct the air upon the under side of the gas flame or flames. From the
top of the inner or air tube, 9, the air passes between the gas supply branches, 6,
and either through a perforated shell, or as I find preferable and simpler, over the top
of an unperforated cylindrical shell, 16, into an annular cylindrical heating chamber, 17,
through which it descends to the upper side of the gas flame or flames. The air
heating chamber, 17, is formed in a metal piece, 18, fixed to the gas supply pipe, 4,
and has connected to it by radial arms, 19, the top, 20, of the lamp which top
the shape of a conical enlargement of the lower end of the uptake tube, 5, for the
flame gases.
At the lower end of the air-heating chamber, 17, there is placed an
inner annular reflector and heat storer, 21, made of asbestos, which is supported by a
ring, 22, screwed to the bottom of the piece, 18, and can be withdrawn down over the
burner, 10, when this inner reflector, 21, requires renewal. An outer asbestos
reflector, 23, is fixed to the framing of the lamp and the flame gases pass up between
the two reflectors, 21, 23, into the uptake, 20, 5, and by acting on the outside of the
shell of the air heating chamber, 17, cause the air to be considerably heated on
its way through that chamber to the upper side of the gas flame or flames.
little air is by preference admitted between the outer reflector, 23, and the ring, 24,
fitting on the top edge of the glass globe or shade, 13. A small opening and a
covering slide, 25, are provided outside of the bottom of the air tube, 9, for
introducing a taper for lighting the gas.
in
A
In the upright modification figure, 3, the gas supply pipe, 4, communicates by
small branches, 6, with an annular space, 7, formed as in the inverted modification
between an inner air tube, 9, and an outer tube, 8, the latter being made with a
perforated bulged part or burner, 10. Air has access to the under side of the flame
or flames through a deflector tube, 15, outside of the burner tube, 8. The inner air
tube, 9, extends above the burner, 10, and air issues through perforations in it into

page_text: an annular heating chamber, 17, shaped to direct it downwards upon the upper or
inner side of the gas flame or flames. A bulbous glass chimney, 26, encloses the
burner and air supplying and air heating parts. The lamp as usual provided with
an outer glass globe, or shade, 13, which is by preference surmounted by an annular
reflector, 27, of asbestos or other suitable material.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1-The combination of parts constituting my improved inverted gas lamp as
herein before described and as shown in figures, 1, and 2, of the accompanying
drawings.
2-The combination of parts constituting my improved upright lamp as hereinbefore
described and as shown in figure, 3, of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this Third day of September 1889
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.