Improvements in Filters.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd July, 1891-Accepted, 29th Aug., 1891
MODELELE DECIFICATION.
Improvements in Filters.
I, JAMES HASLAM of 359 Bury Road, Tonge near Bolton in the County of
Lancaster, Fire and Water Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This invention relates to improvements in filters and consists in constructing the
same of either metal, glass, earthenware, woodite, vulcanite, or other suitable
material, or a combination of materials. The case or body of the filter can be of
any desired or convenient shape, provided at one, or both ends, with means for
readily fixing the same to a tap or pipe, which may consist of a conical or other
pliable washer and a screw cap, or a cap secured by a bayonet fastening, or other
mechanical means. If desired the conical pliable washer can be secured in position
by securing the cap by means of solder, cement, or other like medium. The case
or body of the filter is fitted internally with one or more cones, midfeathers, or
plates so disposed as to leave spaces to hold ground or other quartz or other
filtering medium. The object of the cone or cones, midfeathers, or plates is to
cause the water or liquid being filtered to be prolonged in its passage through the
filter, to ensure or increase the efficiency of the same. Above and below the
cones, midfeathers, or plates, and the filtering medium is secured, in any convenient
manner, one or more sieves or finely perforated rings or plates to arrest solid
matter, and prevent its admission to the filtering medium. The construction of
this improved filter allows of the same being reversed on the tap or pipe to wash
out sediment or refuse deposited therein.
Fig. 11 is a sectional elevation of my improved filter when composed of either
metal, glass, earthenware, vulcanite, woodite, or other suitable material or materials,
and
Fig. 12 is a part sectional elevation with a screw cap.
In all the figures the same letters are employed to indicate corresponding parts.
A is the body or case of the filter; B the midfeathers or plates; C the cones ;
D the sieves or finely perforated rings or plates; E the conical or pliable washer;
G the cap for securing the conical or pliable washer in position; H is a screw
cap or cover to close the opening employed for charging and discharging ground
5 or other quartz or other filtering medium, and I is the ground or other quartz or
other filtering medium.
The body or case A and the midfeathers or plates B, cones C, and sieves D of
the filter can be made of brass or other suitable metal and nickel plated inside and
outside to prevent rust or corrosion. If desired the said body or case and the

page_text: before mentioned adjuncts can be made of copper, tinned iron, glass, earthenware,
woodite, vulcanite, or other suitable material, or a combination of materials. The
space between the sieves D in the interior of the body or case A is filled with
ground or other quartz or other filtering medium I, as shown in Fig. 7, of a non-
absorbant nature, therefore cannot become foul if properly attended to. As ground
or other quartz is non-absorbant and indestructible in water its hardness prevents
crumbling and flowing away with the water. The midfeathers or plates B and
cones C can be of any suitable material or substance, and are so placed as to cause
the water to flow as indicated by the arrows, by which it will be prolonged
sufficiently to cause a thorough circulation through the entire body of filtering
medium in its passage through the filter to ensure or increase the efficiency of the
same and give a perfectly smooth flow of filtered water. If the filter was devoid
of the midfeathers or plates B and the cones C it will be readily seen that the
water would pass through in the least possible time and through the outlet without
circulating through the entire body of filtering medium. The body or case A is
fitted at one end with the conical or pliable washer E to allow it to be readily
attached to ordinary water or other taps or pipes. The said conical or pliable
washer E is constructed as shown to allow of the same being made water-tight by
means of the pressure of water admitted to the filter. If desired both ends can be
fitted with the conical or pliable washer E, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5, to allow of
the filter being reversed for cleansing purposes. The conical or pliable washer E
is secured in position by the cap G, which can be effected by means of solder,
cement, or other like medium, as shown in Figs. 1, 5, 7, and 9, or by a bayonet
fastening as in Fig. 11, or by a screw cap as in Fig. 12.
The ground or other quartz or other filtering medium is fed into the body or
case A of the filter through the opening sealed by the screwed cap or cover H.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The general arrangements, constructions, and combinations of parts composing
the improved filter as hereinbefore described and as illustrated in the annexed
drawings.
2. As means for prolonging and causing the water to circulate through the
filtering medium in its passage through the filter as hereinbefore described, the
use of the midfeathers or plates B and the cones C disposed substantially in
the manner described and as illustrated in the drawings.
3. In combination with the body or case A. of the filter the various means
employed for securing the conical or pliable washer E in position substantially as
described and as shown in Figs. 1 to 11 inclusive.
Dated the 20th July 1891.
EDMUND CHADWICK,
Agent.