Improvements in Hot Water Circulating Apparatus for Heating purposes.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 10th July, 1897
Complete Specification Left, 9th Apr., 1898-Accepted, 20th May, 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hot Water Circulating Apparatus for Heating
purposes.
I, ROBERT RENTON GIBBS, of 22, Elgin Drive, Egremont, in the County of
Chester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
In hot water circulating apparatus for heating purposes, in which there is a
pipe or pipes for conveying the hot water from the boiler to the various parts of
the building that require heating and which is amplified into coils at special
points, it has been usual to provide such apparatus with an expansion chamber
in which the water can expand as it becomes heated, or with an open cistern in
which the water rises or falls. The use of this expansion chamber is inconvenient
in many cases, because, besides being an unsightly object, it is often difficult to
find suitable space to fix it in, and the defect of an open cistern is that it is liable
to boil over and so flood the building.
Now the object of my present invention is to provide a hermetically closed hot
water heating or circulating system, in which the usual expansion chamber or
the open tank can be entirely dispensed with.
'
In carrying my invention into effect, the plan I prefer is to provide an ascending
pipe leading from the boiler to radiators which are located at suitable points in
the building (such as for example on the various stories) and descending pipes
by which the water again reaches the furnace, the whole circuit being hermetically
sealed or closed. These radiators which are closed vessels, may be of any
suitable construction so as to provide a large heat radiating surface, and they form
part of the hot water circuit, deriving their heat by the hot water pipes aforesaid
from the boiler. One or more of these radiators (namely the ones at the highest
elevation) are used to take the place of an expansion chamber, such radiator or
radiators being only partly filled with water so as to leave the upper portion
empty for the water to expand in, as it becomes heated.
For this purpose I
arrange in proximity to those radiators, which are used as substitutes for an
expansion chamber, a stand-pipe which is cut short of the full, height of the said
radiators. The effect of pouring water into the standpipe will be to fill the
circulating pipes and all the radiators with the exception of those at the highest
elevation completely full of water. Those however at the highest elevation. will
only be partly filled to a certain level, because the standpipe, being cut short of the
full height of the radiators, prevents the latter being. filled higher than the top of
the standpipe. This insures the said radiators not being filled to the top, the area
of the empty space for the expansion being proportioned to the length of the
circuit and the number of radiators therein. Instead of a standpipe however
a metal or other bend may be screwed into the side of the expansion radiator at a
certain distance short of the top, through which water can be fed into the circuit.
Means are provided, such as a cap or cock, for closing the mouth of the bend or
standpipe, so that the entire circuit may be a hermetically closed.one.

page_text: A relief valve or other device may be provided in the upper part of the expansion
radiator or any part of the system, if so desired, so as to provide against the accu-
mulation of dangerous pressure, but such is not necessary if the apparatus is
properly proportioned.
A convenient form of radiator is that in which there are a series of sections
or chambers joined together top and bottom and through which the hot water
follows a winding path in such manner as to provide a large heat radiating
surface.
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Patent Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Hot Water Circulating Apparatus for Heating
purposes.
I, ROBERT RENTON GIBBS, of 22, Elgin Drive, Egremont, in the County of
Chester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
In hot water circulating apparatus for heating purposes, in which there is a
pipe or pipes for conveying the hot water from the boiler to the various parts of
the building that require heating and which is amplified into coils at special
points, it has been usual to provide such apparatus with an expansion chamber
in which the water can expand as it becomes heated, or with an open cistern in
which the water rises or falls. The use of this expansion chamber is inconvenient
in many cases, because, besides being an unsightly object, it is often difficult to
find suitable space to fix it in, and the defect of an open cistern is that it is liable
to boil over and so flood the building.
Now the object of my present invention is to provide a hermetically closed hot
water heating or circulating system, in which the usual expansion chamber or
the open tank can be entirely dispensed with.
The invention will be understood from the following description reference being
had to the accompanying drawing which shows a general view of the apparatus.
Referring to these I provide an ascending pipe A leading from the boiler B to
radiators C which are located at suitable points in the building (such as for
example on the various stories) and descending pipes D by which the water
again reaches the furnace, the whole circuit being hermetically sealed or closed.
These radiators which are closed vessels, may be of any suitable construction so
as to provide a large heat radiating surface, and they form part of the hot water
circuit, deriving their heat by the hot water pipes aforesaid from the boiler B.
One or more of these radiators (namely the ones at the highest elevation) are used
to take the place of an expansion chamber, such radiator or radiators being only
partly filled with water so as to leave the upper portion empty for the water to
expand in, as it becomes heated. For this purpose I arrange in proximity to
those radiators, which are used as substitutes for an expansion chamber, a stand-
pipe E which is cut short of the full height of the said radiators. The effect of
pouring water into the standpipe will be to fill the circulating pipes and all the
radiators with the exception of those at the highest elevation completely full of
water. Those however at the highest elevation will only be partly filled to a
certain level, because the standpipe, being cut short of the full height of the

page_text: radiators, prevents the latter being filled higher than the top of the standpipe.
This insures the said radiators not being filled to the top, the area of the empty
space for the expansion being proportioned to the length of the circuit and the
number of radiators therein. Instead of a standpipe however a metal or other
bend may be screwed into the side of the expansion radiator at a certain distance
short of the top, through which water can be fed into the circuit. Means are
provided, such as a cap or cock, for closing the mouth of the bend or standpipe,
so that the entire circuit may be a hermetically closed one.
A relief valve F or other device may be provided in the upper part of the
expansion radiator or any part of the system, if so desired, so as to provide against
the accumulation of dangerous pressure, but such is not necessary if the apparatus
is properly proportioned.
A convenient form of radiator is that in which there are a series of sections or
chambers joined together top and bottom and through which the hot water follows
a winding path in such manner as to provide a large heat radiating surface.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
olaim is:-
The improvement in hot water heating devices, which consists in arranging
the point for admission of water some distance below the level of the top of the
highest radiator or radiators whereby if the water be as usual simply poured in,
it is impossible to fill the upper part of the apparatus which part acts as an
expansion chamber, and thus the use of a special expansion chamber is avoided.
2. In hot water circulating apparatus for heating purposes in which there is a
pipe or pipes for conveying hot water from the boiler to the various parts of the
building that require heating, the utilisation of radiators as expansion chambers,
by arranging the admission of the water some distance below the level of the top
of such radiators, whereby if the water be as usual poured in, it is impossible
to fill the upper part of the apparatus, which part acts as an expansion chamber
in which the water can expand as it becomes heated and thus the use of a special
expansion chamber is avoided substantially as described.
בד
1000
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Patent Agents, of Liverpool, Manchester, Birmingham and London.