IMPROVEMENTS IN TALLOW CUPS' OR APPARATUS FOR LUBRICATING THE CYLINDERS OF STEAM ENGINES AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Maule Marchant, of Huddersfield, in the County
of York, Brass Founder and Finisher, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN TALLOW CUPS' OR APPARATUS FOR LUBRICATING THE CYLINDERS OF
STEAM ENGINES AND OTHER PURPOSES."
Sealed the 27th May 1879, and dated the 29th November 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Maule Marchant at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th November 1878.
GEORGE MAULE MARCHANT, of Huddersfield, in the County of York, Brass
Founder and Finisher. "IMPROVEMENTS IN TALLOW CUPS' OR APPARATUS FOR
LUBRICATING THE CYLINDERS OF STEAM ENGINES AND OTHER PURPOSES."
This Invention has reference to that class of tallow cup in which a piston is
employed for forcing the lubricant on the part that is to be lubricated, and the
object of these improvements is to force the lubricant from the tallow cup in a
succession of sharp or high pressed quantities, and this is accomplished by means
of a cam and worm wheel which is free to revolve and slide upon the piston or
piston rod.
The worm wheel receives its motion from a worm on the ordinary horizontal shaft
As the worm wheel and cam
operated by the usual ratchet wheel and catch.
revolve the cam comes in contact with a pulley or runner fixed to and projecting
from the piston, which raises the piston slowly until the pulley or runner arrives at
the end of the cam, when the piston is suddenly and sharply caused to descend by
means of a spiral or other spring, forcing a supply of tallow on to the part required
to be lubricated. The tallow is supplied in given quantities through openings made
in the cylinder or other part. One or more valves are placed between the piston and
the extreme outlet so as to prevent steam, when applied to a steam engine cylinder,
from getting into the tallow."
The piston may also be lifted by means of a cam fixed on the end of the ordinary
horizontal shaft, and caused to descend by means of the spiral spring, as before
explained:

page_text: :
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Maule Marchant in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
29th May 1879.
"
GEORGE MAULE MARCHANT, of Huddersfield, in the County of York, Brass
Founder and Finisher. IMPROVEMENTS IN TALLOW CUPS OR APPARATUS FOR
LUBRICATING THE CYLINDERS OF STEAM ENGINES AND OTHER PURPOSES."
This Invention has reference, to that class of tallow cup in which a piston is
employed for forcing the tallow or lubricant on to the parts requiring it, and the
object of my improvements is to force the lubricant from the cup in small quantities
and under considerable pressure, so that the said lubricant, instead of oozing or
flowing slowly from the cup, shall be sharply ejected therefrom. By this arrange-
ment the lubricant can be directed with greater rapidity on to the parts requiring
it, and by means of one or more intermediate valves the passage can be closed
immediately the lubricant has passed, and so prevent steam from forcing its way
from the cylinder into the tallow cup. In order that my Invention may be more
fully understood I hereto annex a Sheet of Drawings illustrating two methods of
carrying the same into operation. Fig. 1 represents a vertical section of a tallow
'cup; and Fig. 2 is plan view of same with dome or cover removed. A is the outer
casing or cup which contains the tallow or lubricant, and is covered by means of the
dome A¹.
In the interior of the cup is a cylinder B fitted with a solid piston or plunger C,
the upper half of which is reduced in diameter and passes through a collar in the
bridge E which is secured by means of the flanged ring e to the interior of the cup.
The collar has a thread formed on the outside on to which the dome is screwed. Dis
a spiral spring which rests between the shoulder a on the piston or plunger and the
underside of the bridge E. F is a worm wheel on which is formed the cam or
inclined boss G; the wheel and cam fit loosely over the piston or plunger and rest
upon the top of the cylinder. The stud or cam H is fixed to the piston and the
friction pulley thereon receives the pressure of the cam, as hereinafter explained.
J is a worm fixed on a stud which passes to the outside of the cup and receives
rotary motion from the ratchet wheel and catch operated by lever K which is
"connected to the cross head or other reciprocating part of the engine. L are valves
which allow the lubricant to pass into the cylinder, but prevent the flow of steam
in the opposite direction. The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The piston,
as shewn in Fig. 1, is almost at its lowest point, but as motion is communicated by
the worm J to the wheel F and cam G, the latter acting on the stud or cam H
raises the piston until the bottom is above the opening c, when a quantity of lubricant
will enter the cylinder through this opening, filling the part left vacant by the
withdrawal of the piston. By this time the stud or cam H will be at the highest
point of the cam G, and as the latter continues to revolve it will pass beyond the
stud or cam, and the piston thus left unsupported will be forced down by the
spring D pressing the lubricant through the valves L into the cylinder. This
spring D being very powerful the ejection of the lubricant is almost instantaneous,
and the space between the valves L being always filled with lubricant under pressure,
the passage of steam into the cup is impossible.
In Fig. 3.I have shewn a method of raising the piston by means of a cam M
working on a short horizontal shaft N and acting on the yoke P formed on the
upper part of the piston.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and shewn by the Drawings
how the same may be performed or carried into practice, I would have it understood
that I do not confine myself to the precise details of construction herein shewn and
described, as the same may be varied, it being evident that a many modifications
may be made in the mechanism for raising the piston or plunger, but what I claim
as my Invention and consider to be new is, the use of mechanism for forcing the

page_text: piston into the cylinder so as to eject the lubricant therefrom under considerable
pressure, in manner substantially as herein shewn and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Maule Marchant, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
Witness,
A. B. CROSSLEY,
Tasker & Crossley, !
Patent Agents,
Halifax & Huddersfield.
G. M. MARCHANT. (L.S.)