IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDOW SASHES AND FRAMES
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Nash, of Islingtor, Builder, and John
Jewell, of the same Place, in the County of Middlesex, Cabinet Maker,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Nash and John.
Jewell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 13th September 1854.
We, WILLIAM NASH, of Islington, Builder, and JOHN JEWELL, of the same
Place, in the County of Middlesex, Cabinet Maker, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDOW SASHES AND
FRAMES" to be as follows:-
Our said improvements consist, firstly, of an arrangement by which the
window can be turned, so as to bring the outside thereof to the inside of an
apartment, for cleaning or other purposes; and, secondly, of a method for
retaining window sashes in their place by springs instead of balance weights.
The two sashes, having side springs, pass between their beads in the usual
way on each side of the frame; and a portion of the frame, sufficient to receive
the two sashes when opposite each other, is made moveable on centres. The
two sashes being brought together centrally in the frame, enables the move-

page_text: able portions of the frame, along with the sashes therein, to be turned com-
pletely round, and when returned to their proper situation for closing the
window, the upper and lower sashes thereby render the frame immoveable and
secure.
SPECIFICATION. in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Nash and John Jewell in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 13th March 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
NASH, of Islington, Builder, and JOHN JEWELL, of the same Place, in the
County of Middlesex, Cabinet Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said William Nash and John Jewell, Her special licence that we, the
said William Nash and John Jewell, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said William Nash and John Jewell, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDOW SASHES
AND FRAMES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said William
Nash and John Jewell, by an instrument in writing under our hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Nash and John Jewell,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
Our said improvements consist, firstly, of an arrangement by means of which
the window can be turned, so as to bring the outside to the inside of an
apartment, for the more ready, cleaning of the same, or for other purposes;

page_text: and, secondly, of a method of retaining window sashes in their place by
springs, or other mechanical means, instead of the usual balance weights.
And for the better understanding of our said Invention, we will now proceed
to describe the details thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, in which the same letters refer to like parts throughout.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a window, with sashes and frame of our
improved construction, showing the sashes brought centrally together; Figure 2
is the same, with the top sash drawn down; Figure 3 is the same, with the
bottom sash raised; Figure 4 is a side section, through the racks and pinion,
of a closed window; and Figure 5 is a side section of Figure 1, through the
racks and pinion, showing the centred sashes in their revolving or reversing
position.
A, A', are the window sashes; B, B, B', B', the window frames; a, a, a, a',
the portion of the frame cut away from the main frame, being made so as to
move on the centres C, along with the sashes, when the sashes are centred, as
in Figures 1 and 5, when they would, if turned round, describe the dotted
circle a, a; b, b, the ratchet on the side of upper, and 6', 6', the ratchet on
the side of lower sash; and C, a pinion, working into each ratchet.
It will thus be seen that the two sashes of a window having side springs, or
a double ratchet and pinion, pass between their beads in the usual way on each
side of the frame; and a portion of the frame, sufficient to receive the sashes
when centrally opposite each other, is made moveable on centres, such centres
being sunk in metal plates, having a nut at the back of each, thus keeping the
moveable portion of the frame sufficiently air-tight; therefore the two sashes,
when brought together opposite each other, as in Figure 1, the said moveable
portions of the frame, along with the sashes therein, can be turned completely
round; and when returned to their proper situation for closing the window,
the upper and lower sashes thereby lock and render the frame immoveable
and secure. The springs or the ratchet work obviously enable me, by their
nction, to dispense with the usual balance weights; and the arrangement of
the double ratchet has the further advantage of causing a reverse action in the
opposite sash to the one moved by the hands, closing or opening both at once
instead of moving each separately. Or, by means of a shifting or double pinion,
made with a washer and spring between the plates, a single action of either
sash may be obtained.
Having thus fully described the several parts of our said Invention, and the
best modes we are acquainted with for carrying the same into effect, we would

page_text: and that what we do claim as our improvements are, namely:-
First, the peculiar arrangement of sashes and frames, for the ready reversing
or removing of the sashes.
And, second, the modes of dispensing with the use of balance weights, as
described.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Nash and John Jewell, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twelfth day of March, in the
year of our Lord 1855.
And, second, the modes of dispensing with the use of balance weights, as
described.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Nash and John Jewell, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twelfth day of March, in the
year of our Lord 1855.
WILLIAM NASH. (L.B.)
JOHN JEWELL.
(L.S.)