Improvements in Discharge Nozzles.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Sept., 1893-Accepted, 25th Nov., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Discharge Nozzles.
We, AUGUSTE COLAS, Gentleman, and BENJAMIN LEROUX, Architect, both
of 15 Rue des Halles, Paris, in the Republic of France, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to improvements in nozzles for use chiefly with fire
engines or force pumps, and from which water or other liquid is to be discharged
under pressure, and it has for its object to increase the useful effect of the jet by
modifying the internal form of the passage of the nozzle and by piercing the nozzle
with one or several holes so as to allow external air to be drawn into the nozzle
and be brought in contact with the jet passing therethrough.
The nozzles heretofore usually employed have been made of gradually decreasing
cross sectional area from their inner to the outer end, that is to say of the conical
shape A B shown in longitudinal section in Fig. 1. A conical nozzle of this kind
improved according to this invention by constructing it at about half way
between its ends A & B with a drum shaped enlargement having an opening C at
each end, as shown in Fig. 2, or a number of holes c of smaller diameter as shown
in Fig. 3 these latter holes being inclined in ward in the direction in which a jet of
liquid will issue through the nozzle, in such a manner that the external air will be
induced to flow in and be brought into contact with a portion of the said jet.
Still better results can be obtained by constructing the nozzle in the form shown
in longitudinal section in Fig. 4 or in Fig. 5, or as shown in Figs. 6 to 10 inclusive
whereof Fig. 6 is a side elevation,
Figs. 7 & 8 longitudinal sections taken in planes at right angles to each other,
Fig. 9 an end view; and
Fig. 10 a cross section.
The outer part B of the nozzle, in each of these examples, extending from, the
part of the nozzle in which the openings C are formed, to the exit end, are made
of cylindrical or uniform bore, and equal or approximately so, to that of the outer
end of the inner part A. In Fig. 4 the inner part is of conical form; in Fig. 5 it
is partly conical, and partly cylindrical as shown at A¹; and in Figs. 6 to 10
inclusive it is of cylindrical form nearly through its length. Or the outer part B
may with advantage be made slightly larger in diameter than the portion A, as
shown in longitudinal section in Fig. 11, this arrangement permitting air to be
easily drawn into the nozzle and the jet to be less confined. The effect would be
the same if the bore of the outer part B, instead of being cylindrical, were slightly
widened outwardly, or flared towards its exit end so as to constitute a divergent
passage.
The inner end of the passage in the part A is rounded off as shown at A" so as
to cause the diameter of this end to gradually accord with the internal diameter of
the hose pipe on the end of which the nozzle A C B is to be screwed. This is of
especial advantage when the internal diameter of the hose pipe is greater than that
of the inner part A. In the same way the various zones or parts of the passage A C
and B may be brought more or less into accord with each other by being slightly
rounded off at the junction of such zones or parts.
An aero-hydraulic jet-pipe or nozzle constructed in the manner hereinbefore
described produces a superior result to that obtained from such nozzles as heretofore
ordinarily constructed, and is designed to replace such nozzles, being for this
purpose adapted to be secured by screwing to the ordinary pipe joint.
The improved nozzles are especially useful in connection with the hose pipes of
fire engines because with the same mechanical power of discharge the water jet
DQ77

page_text: will issue with a greater force than from an ordinary nozzle and will consequently
be projected further on.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A nozzle of the kind herein referred to constructed between its ends with one
or more lateral openings through which air will be induced to flow and come in
contact with the jet of liquid when the nozzle is in use substantially as herein
described.
2. The improved nozzles constructed substantially as hereinbefore described with
reference respectively to and shown in Fig. 2; in Fig. 3; in Fig. 4; in Fig. 5; in
Figs. 6 to 10 inclusive; and in Fig. 11 of the accompanying drawings or modified
by making the passage in the outer part B of the nozzle of divergent form as set
forth for the purposes specified.
Dated this 10th dow of Combo 1000
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per W. Cross,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.