Improvements in Ventilating Wheeled Vehicles and Moving Structures.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Nov., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 20th Sept., 1890-Accepted, 15th Nov., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ventilating Wheeled Vehicles and Moving
Structures.
I, JOSEPH LEATHER of Broad Green near Liverpool in the County of Lancaster
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object is to effectually supply fresh air and remove vitiated air from compart-
ments of railway coaches road vehicles, ships, navigable vessels, and other moving
structures.
For the above purpose I provide a collector which induces air to enter the
structure to be ventilated in a vertical direction, and an eduction way to cause vitiated
air to escape.
In the case of an ordinary railway carriage I add my apparatus to the present
bonnet near the top of the door making it with a hand like collector placed centrally
outside, and an upwards projection inside.
Instead of a central hand like collector I sometimes place induction and eduction
pieces and divide the bonnet by a vertical partition so that one part of the bonnet
serves for induction and the other part for eduction.
For new railway carriages I fit the apparatus in the sides of the vehicles.
Dated this 22nd day of November 1889.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ventilating Wheeled Vehicles and Moving
Structures.
I JOSEPH LEATHER of Broad Green near Liverpool in the County of Lancaster
Merchant do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The object is to effectually supply fresh air and remove vitiated air from compart-
ments of railway coaches road vehicles ships navigable vessels and other moving
structures.
For the above purpose I provide a collector which induces air to enter the structure
to be ventilated in a vertical direction and an eduction way to cause vitiated air to
escape.
In the case of an ordinary railway carriage I add my apparatus to the present
bonnet near the top of the door making it with a hand like collector placed centrally
outside and an upwards projection inside.
Inside of a central hand like collector I sometimes place induction and eduction
pieces and divide the bonnet by a vertical partition so that one part of the bonnet
serves for induction and the other part for eduction.
For new railway carriages, I fit the apparatus in the sides of the vehicles.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.

page_text: an upward direction and c horizontally. It will be evident that if a structure having
parts disposed as above set forth is moving in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 2 that
air will be forced into the structure up the way 6 and will be drawn out of the
structure through the way c.
In
The construction arrangement and disposition of the parts may be varied at pleasure
so long as the desired effect is obtained namely the double operation of delivering air
in an upward direction into and removing air from the interior of the structure.
the arrangement shown the structure is supposed always to be moving in one direction
as the air is delivered upwards through and extracted horizontally through c.
Figure 3 is a vertical section Fig. 4 a horizontal section and Fig. 5 a front view
illustrative of my improvements in ventilating railway carriages or structures moving
either forward or backward. Here both ways b and c are directed upwards so that
in whatever direction the structure may move one will act as an induction way
delivering air into the structure in an upward direction the other serves as an
eductor.
Figure 6 is a horizontal section showing how the desired results may be obtained
by two sets of apparatus situated in different parts of the structure here there are two
projections a and a¹ either of which acts as a collector or eductor according to the
direction of motion of the structure.
Collectors may be hinged as at a or may be on slides as at a¹ Fig. 6, so that the
strength of the induced or educed currents may be varied.
Valves d or division pieces e Figure 3 may also be used to control the strength of
the currents and wire gauze or other medium may be used to filter the incoming air.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
First. Ventilating moving structures by means of simultaneously induced and
educed air currents substantially in the manner herein described.
Second. Ventilating moving structures by means of induced upward currents
of air together with educed currents of air substantially in the manner herein
described.
Third. Ventilating moving structures by means of collectors and ways constructed
and disposed to act substantially as set forth.
Dated the Eighteenth day of September 1890.
Per pro J. T. KING,
J. Johnson,
Agent.