Improvements in Incandescent Gas Burners for Use both Indoors and in the Open Air.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Sept., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 13th Sept., 1895-Accepted, 30th Nov., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Incandescent Gas Burners for Use both Indoors
and in the Open Air.
I, FRITZ DEIMEL, of Kommandanten Strasse No. 50, Berlin, Germany,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
This invention relates to improvements in incandescent gas burners having for
their object not only the production of a full and uniform heating flame
approximating as nearly as possible to the shape of the incandescence mantle, but
also, the protection of the flame against external influences, such as gusts of
wind and the like, and the protection of the mantle itself, with increased lateral
and direct supply of air, whether the burner be employed for indoor use or for use
in the open air.
For these purposes it is necessary so to guide the ignited mixture of gas and air
issuing from the burner head that a full cone of flame is produced approximating as
nearly as possible to the form of the mantle, and that this conical flame, when
applying the burner for example to street illumination, shall be protected against
strong lateral air currents by suitable devices. At the same time an increased
amount of air is supplied to the mantle, both laterally and direct, by arranging the
base of the cylinder through which the combustion gases pass away to be brought
by a suitable adjusting device to about the level of the burner head, and at the
same time employing a shield surrounding the open annular space formed by
the raising of the cylinder for protection against one-sided increase of the air
currents, while the protection of the mantle itself is effected by means of a
protecting cap, which is combined either with the adjusting device for the lamp
glass or with the latter itself.
The accompanying drawing shews the construction of the improved burner;
Fig. 1 shews a vertical section of the arrangement for use in closed spaces.
Fig. 2 shews the same burner as arranged for use in the open air, while
Fig. 3 shews a plan of the burner head.
Figs. 4 to 8 shew details of construction of the several parts in plan and
elevation.
As shewn in Figs. 1 to 3, which shew the new burner in longitudinal sections
and plan, the burner head A, for the purpose of leading the mixture of gas and air
in manner first above stated, is closed by a domed plate a which in its peripheral
domed part bis formed with slits e which, for effecting a gentle flowing together of
the lamina of gaseous mixture issuing therefrom, are either formed as successive
epicycloidal curves as at Fig. 3, or they may have a straight oblique form as at
Fig. 8.
The separate lamina of gaseous mixture receive by this means, in combination
with the domed form 6, an outward directed upward motion so as to form a full
flame approximating as nearly as possible to the form of the mantle, as indicated at
Fig. 2 accompanied by a short rotary motion, independently of the fact that by the
peripheral curvature the outlet orifices are substantially increased in size, without
increasing the diameter of the burner head.
For protecting the flame against one-sided increased air currents, and for
preventing the flame from striking back into the air admission holes d of the
mixing chamber e, there is provided a downward extending shield Figs. 1, 2 and 7,
the lower edge of which, in the burners used in the open air (Fig. 2) is surrounded

page_text: .
by an inverted shield g; the air must, in this case first pass over the upper edge of
the lower shield 9 and then from the latter under the shield and through the
openings d into the mixing chamber e.
With the burner as at Fig. 1, which is to be employed indoors, the air for
combustion passing to the mantle enters from below through the burner cage B
into the lamp glass C, and also laterally direct to the mantle D as indicated by the
arrows.
If the Hame produced by the above peculiar construction of burner is to be
protected against disturbing air currents from below, as in the case of its application
to street lamps, there is employed in place of the burner cage with openings shewn
at B Fig. 1, a closed burner cage B₁ Fig. 2, and the air supply to the incandescence
mantle D is effected solely by the raising of the chimney glass C.
This raising of the chimney C is effected by means of a device which is either
inserted in the burner gallery E as at Figs. 1, 2 and 4, 5, or it can be fixed to the
ourner cage B1.
The raising device consists of vertical rods m which are connected together at
top and bottom by rings o and n, and, as shewn at Figs. 1 and 2 ; it is inserted into
the burner gallery.
A. protecting cap y having openings p protects the mantle D against objects that
may fall into the chimney glass, while the supports m, in combination with the top
ring o prevent the possibility of the mantle D being damaged on fitting on the
glass C.
The supports m shewn in Figs. 1, 2 and 4 carry adjustable clamps r, which can
be fixed by means of their excentric levers s, and serve as the support for the lamp
glass C. These clamps are made adjustable in order that the same appliances for
holding the glass in the raised position may be used in conjunction with burner
heads of different heights.
If the said device is only to be used with a system of burners having burner
heads of one and the same height, the adjustment of the supports for the lamp
glass C can be dispensed with, and in place hereof may be used fixed supports r¹ as
at Fig. 5. Also in this case the raising device can be either separable from or
fixed to the burner.
One of the supports m can be fitted with an adjustable carrier m² for supporting
the mantle, which allows not only of the use of the raising device for burners of
different heights, but also the perfect utilisation of the incandescence mantle by
enabling this to be raised or lowered relatively to the burner head.
The mantle carrier m' is secured on the support m by means of excentric
levers m² in a similar manner to the supports r of the glass.
As by the raising of the glass C for the lateral and direct admission of air to the
mantle D an opening is formed which leaves the lower part of the mantie
unprotected, it is necessary to protect the same against lateral gusts of wind, for
which purpose, as shewn at Figs. 2 and 6, a cylindrical shield i made of transparent
material is employed, which surrounds the lower edge of the chimney glass C in
such manner that the external air can only enter the cylinder C from above on its
way to the mantle D, as shewn by the arrows in Fig. 2.
As stated at the beginning, the flame serving to heat the mantle D to
incandescence is produced of the full conical forn approximating to that of the
mantle by means of the domed plate a with epicycloidal slits in the peripheral
domed part b. An approximating action can be obtained by using a plate without
domed surfaces, having obliquely placed straight slits c, as shewn at Fig. 8.
For increasing the action of the curved or straight slits, the bars c of the plate
separating the slits may be made with an inclination in the vertical direction, in a
similar manner to the guide blades of turbines, but this would materially increase
the cost of manufacture of the burners.
Dated this 5th day of September 1895.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Incandescent Gas Burners for Use both indoors
and in the Open Air.
I, FRITZ DEIMEL, of Kommandanten Strasse No. 50. Berlin, Germany,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in incandescent gas burners, having for
their object not only the production of a full and uniform heating flame approxi-
mating as nearly as possible to the shape of the incandescence mantle, but also, the
protection of the flame against external influences, such as gusts of wind and the
like, and the protection of the mantle itself, with increased lateral and direct
supply of air, whether the burner be employed for indoor use or for use in the
open air.
For these purposes it is necessary so to guide the ignited mixture of gas and air
issuing from the burner head that a full cone of flame is produced, approximating
as nearly as possible to the form of the mantle, and that this conical flame, when
applying the burner for example to street illumination, shall be protected against
strong lateral air currents by suitable devices. At the same time an increased
amount of air is supplied to the mantle. both laterally and direct, by arranging the
base of the cylinder through which the combustion gases pass away to be brought
by a suitable adjusting device to about the level of the burner head, and at the
same time employing a shield surrounding the open annular space formed by the
raising of the cylinder, for protection against one-sided increase of the air currents,
while the protection of the mantle itself is effected by means of a protecting cap,
which is combined either with the adjusting device for the lamp glass or with the
latter itself.
The drawings accompanying my Provisional Specification shew the construction
of the improved burner;
Fig. 1 shews a vertical section of the arrangement for use in closed spaces.
Fig. 2 shews the same burner as arranged for use in the open air, while
Fig. 3 shows a plan of the burner head.
Figs. 4 to 8 shew details of construction of the several parts in plan and
elevation.
As shewn in Figs. 1 to 3, which shew the new burner in longitudinal sections
and plan, the burner head A, for the purpose of leading the mixture of gas and air
in manner first above stated, is closed by a domed plate a which in its peripheral
domed part b is formed with slits which, for effecting a gentle flowing together of
the laminae of gaseous mixture issuing therefrom, are either formed as successive
epicycloidal or similar curves as at Fig. 3, or they may have a straight oblique
form as at Fig. 8.
fi
The separate lamina or jets of gaseous mixture receive by this means, and by
reason of the domed form b, an outwardly directed upward motion so as to form a
full fame approximating as nearly as possible to the form of the mantle, as
indicated at Fig. 2 accompanied by a short rotary motion, independently of the
fact that by the peripheral curvature & the outlet orifices are substantially increased
in size, without increasing the diameter of the burner head.
For protecting the flame against one-sided increased air currents, and for
preventing the flame from striking back into the air admission boles d of the
mixing chamber e, there is provided a downward extending shield Figs. 1, 2

page_text: and 7, the lower edge of which, in the burners used in the open air (Fig. 2) is
surrounded by an inverted shield g; the air must, in this case first pass over the
upper edge of the lower shield and then from the latter under the shield and
through the openings d into the mixing chamber e. I do not claim these wind-
guards as forming part of my present invention.
With the burner as at Fig. 1, which is to be employed indoors, the air for
combustion passing to the mantle enters from below through the burner cage B
into the lamp glass C, and also laterally direct to the mantle D as indicated by the
arrows.
If the flame produced by the above peculiar construction of burner is to be
protected against disturbing air currents from below, as in the case of its applica-
tion to street lamps, there is employed in place of the burner cage with openings
shewn at B Fig. 1, a closed burner cage B Fig. 2, and the air supply to the
incandescence mantle D is effected solely by the raising of the chimney glass C.
This raising of the chimney C is effected by means of a device which is either
inserted in the burner gallery E as at Figs. 1, 2 and 4, 5, or it can be fixed to the
burner cage B¹
The raising device consists of vertical rods m which are connected together at
top and bottom by rings o and n, and, as shewn at Figs. 1 and 2, it is inserted into
the burner gallery.
A protecting cap 7 having openings p protects the mantle D against objects that
may fall into the chimney glass, while the supports m, in combination with the top
ring o prevent the possibility of the mantle D being damaged on fitting on the
glass C.
The supports m shewn in Figs. 1, 2 and 4 carry adjustable clamps, which can
be fixed by means of their excentric levers, and serve as the support for the lamp
glass C. These lamps are made adjustable in order that the same appliances for
bolding the glass in the raised position may be used in conjunction with burner
heads of different heights.
If the said device is only to be used with a system of burners having burner heads
of one and the same height, the adjustment of the supports for the lamp glass C
can be dispensed with, and in place hereof may be used fixed supports as at Fig. 5.
Also, in this case, the raising device can be either separable from or fixed to the
burner.
One of the supports m can be fitted with an adjustable carrier m² for sup-
porting the mantle, which allows not only of the use of the raising device for
burners of different heights, but also the perfect utilisation of the incandescence
mantle by enabling this to be raised or lowered relatively to the burner head.
The mantle carrier m² is secured on the support m by means of excentric levers m²
in a similar manner to the supports of the glass.
As by the raising of the glass C for the lateral and direct admission of air to the
mantle D an opening is formed which leaves the lower part of the mautle unpro-
tected, it is necessary to protect the same against lateral gusts of wind, for which
purpose, as shewn at Figs. 2 and 6, a cylindrical shield i made of transparent
material is employed, which surrounds the lower edge of the chimney glass C in
such manner that the external air can only enter the cylinder C from above on its
way to the mantle D, as shewn by the arrows in Fig. 2.
As stated at the beginning, the flame serving to heat the mantle D to incan-
descence is produced of the full conical form approximating to that of the mantle
by means of the domed plate a with epicycloidal slits c in the peripheral domed
part . An approximating action can be obtained by using a plate without domed
surfaces, having obliquely placed straight slits c, as shewn at Fig. 8. For increasing
the action of the curved or straight slits, the bars c' of the plate separating the slits
may be made with an inclination in the vertical direction, in a similar manner to
the guide blades of turbines, but this would materially increase the cost of manu-
facture of the burners.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In incandescent gas burners, the use of a plate a closing the burnerhead, which
plate has in its peripheral domed part b slits c for the passage of the mixed gas and
air, such slits being either of epicycloidal or similarly curved form or straight and
oblique, whereby the separate laminæ or jets of mixed gas and air are made to
flow gently together with a slight rotary motion and are caused by the domed
part to receive an upward and outward direction in such manner that a full,
uniform, and quietly burning heating flame is obtained, substantially as described.
2. The modified construction of the plate a referred to in the first claim wherein
the plate is made flat instead of domed, substantially as described with reference to
Fig. 8.
3. In incandescent gas burners, for increasing the luminosity of the incandescence
mantles by a direct lateral supply of air, the use of a device for holding the chimney
glass in a raised position, consisting of rods m carrying either adjustable supports
for the chimney glass C as at Figs. 1, 2 and 4 or fixed supports for the same as at
Fig. 5 and a protecting shield serving to protect the incandescence mantle D
against foreign bodies falling from above substantially as described.
4. In combination with the device for holding the chimney glass in a raised
position referred to in the third claim, the use of a cylindrical shield i surrounding
the open space formed by the raising of the chimney glass, and serving to protect
the incandescence body against one-sided air currents, the said shield being extended
above the lower edge of the chimney glass so as to cause the entering air to pass
in a downward direction to the incandescence mantle, and the cage B' Fig. 2 being
closed against entrance of air from below, substantially as described.
Dated this 13th day of September 1895.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.