CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING PAPER BAGS
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Bibby and James Bibby, both of Burnley,
in the County of Lancaster, Waste Dealers, for the Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING PAPER
BAGS."
Sealed the 22nd January 1867, and dated the 31st July 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Bibby and James
Bibby at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 81st July 1866.
We, THOMAS BIBBY and JAMES BIBBY, both of Burnley, in the County of
Lancaster, Waste Dealers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING
PAPER BAGS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention is designed for the purpose of manufacturing that particular
class of paper bags having squate or flat ends, and the improvements consist
in a novel arrangement of mechanism that first feeds the required quantity of
previously prepared paper tube, after which this length is cut or severed from
the continuous tube, and finally the end or bottom is pasted and closed in.
The arrangement of mechanism for effecting these processes may be thus
described:-The tube of paper is first placed on the end of a square box or
maundril corresponding in size to the bags that require making; this box is.
supplied with an arrangement of feed rollers driven by an intermittent motion.
that is regulated by a "jack-in-the-box" in connection with a sliding clutch

page_text: to give or draw the requisite quantity of paper on to the box for forming the
bag; so soon as this is accomplished a knife actuated by a crank and diagonal
slide severs the length of the tube drawn on to the box from the continuous
length; this severed piece is placed by the aforesaid feed rollers on the box
in such a manner that the end for closing up overhangs the solid end of the
maundril; this overhanging end during the stop made by the intermittent
motion is acted on by sliding folders actuated by cam, tappets, or other equi-
valent in the following manner:-The first action of the tappet or cam
simultaneously folds in the two sides, after which the bottom folder, which
consists of a paste or adhesive feed roller which is supplied with paste or size
by means of an endless tape, the lower end of which is immersed and passes
through the adhesive material; this paste roller is caused, when in action, to
ascend and press upon the lower overhanging end of the bag so as to close
it over and upon the two side ends already closed in, leaving during this
operation a requisite quantity of paste upon the end that prepares it to receive
the final closing in of the top overhanging portion of the bag, which at this
time, and as the adhesive roller recedes, is folded over the three sides already
closed in, and the under surface of which being supplied with paste causes it,
when pressed upon the same by its folding slide, to adhere and form & per-
fectly closed-up bottom to the bag, on the accomplishment of which the feed
rollers, actuated by the aforesaid intermittent motion, comes into action and
forces the finished bag off the maundril or box with the new feed they place
thereupon.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Bibby and James Bibby in the Great Seal Patent 2
Office on the 31st January 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
BIBBY and JAMES BIBBY, both of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, Waste
Dealers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters s
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Thomas Bibby and James Bibby, Her special license. that we, the said Thomas
Bibby and James Bibby, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such 3
others as we, the said Thomas Bibby and Janies Bibby, our executors, adminis-

page_text: .
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, au
Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MANU-
PACTURING PAPER BAGS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the
said Thomas Bibby and James Bibby, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Thomas Bibby and James Bibby, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-
Our Invention is designed for the purpose of manufacturing that particular
class of paper bags having square or flat ends, and the improvements consist
in a novel arrangement of mechanism that first feeds the required quantity of
previously prepared paper tube, after which the length is cut or severed from
the continuous tube, and finally the end or bottom is pasted and closed in.
The arrangement of mechanism for effecting these processes may be thus
described: The tube of paper is first placed on the end of a square box or
maundril corresponding in size to the bags that require making; this box is
supplied with an arrangement of feed rollers driven by an intermittent motion
that is regulated by a "jack-in-box" in connection with a sliding clutch 'to
give or draw the requisite quantity of paper on to the box for forming the
bag; so soon as this is accomplished a knife actuated by a crank and diagonal
slide severs the length of tube drawn on to the box from the continuous
length; this severed piece is placed by the aforesaid feed roller on the box in
such a manner that the end for closing up overhangs the solid end of the
maundril; this overhanging end during the stop made by the intermittent
motion is acted on by sliding folders actuated by cam, tappets, or other equi-
valent in the following manner:-The first action of the tappets *or cam
simultaneously fold in the two sides, after which the bottom folder, which
consists of a paste or adhesive feed roller, which is supplied with the paste or
size by means of an endless tape, the lower end of which is inmersed and
passes through the adhesive material; this paste roller is caused, when in
action, to ascend and press upon the lower overhanging end of the bag so as

page_text: to close it over and upon the two side ends already closed in, leaving during
this operation a requisite quantity of paste upon the end that prepares it to
receive the final closing in of the top overhanging portion of the bag, which
at this time, and as the adhesive roller recedes, is folded over the three sides
already closed in, and the under surface of which being supplied with paste
causes it, when pressed upon the same by its folding slide, to adhere and form
a perfectly closed-up bottom to the bag, on the accomplishment of which the
feed rollers actuated by the aforesaid intermittent motion come into action
and force the finished bag off the maundril or box with the new feed they
place thereupon.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail we have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings made upon a scale of
about one inch and a half to the foot, similar letters of reference being marked
upon corresponding parts of the apparatus.
Fig. 1 represents a general side elevation of the machine for making the
continuous tube from which the bags are formed, and also the mechanism or
apparatus for forming the square-bottom bags and severing the same when
formed from the previously made paper tube; Fig. 2 represents an end
elevation of the same; Fig. 8 represents an enlarged end view of the friction
bowls and the square box over which the continuous length of tube is drawn;
and Fig. 4 represents a side elevation of the same, shewing the full length of
the box and the position of the guide and friction bowls; the arrow in this
view indicates the direction in which the tube is drawn on to the box.
In the various Figures a, a, is a roll of paper of continuous length supported
in bearings secured to the framing; the continuous length of paper from the
roll passes over the disc b revolving in the sizing trough c, by which means
one edge of the paper receives a constant supply of paste; the paper after this
is received by the curved closer a¹ which folds the two edges inwards, and in
passing along they are received by the guides c¹, from whence they pass over
the roller d¹, the two edges at this time becoming pasted together; after this
the paper is finally received on to the moveable roll d¹ in the form of a con-
tinuous tube; this tube when complete is placed in the bearings ¹ secured to
the frame. Preparatory to its being made into bags the continuous tube is
delivered from this roll and passed between the callender roller f¹, whence it
is passed on to the square box a³, previously having been opened by the pro-
jecting bowls a; the end of the tube is now passed on the box a² so as to
come under the friction bowl c², which is covered with india-rubber or other
elastic material; an intermittent motion is imparted to these bowls through
the medium of the star wheel and plate k which is driven by the gearing o,

page_text: thus causing the friction bowls to draw from the continuous length of paper
tube a sufficient length for the size of bag required, leaving the end of the
tube sufficiently long to project beyond the solid flat end of the box a³, this
projecting end being acted upon and closed in the following manner :-The
arm or closer f is first caused to come in operation by means of the cam f',
after which the opposite side of the bag is closed in a similar manner by the
second closer g; the bottom rod h is provided with an endless tape which dips
into a receptacle h¹ supplied with paste, and this rod, when the two sides of
the bag have been closed, is caused to ascend so as to rub or press against the
bottom side of the bag so as to close it and at the same time supply a small
quantity of paste to the three sides already closed; after this the top and final
closer i comes into operation and completes the square bottom of the bag.
The star wheel now actuates the friction bowls so as to give another feed on
to the friction box, and forces therefrom the length of tube requisite for the
bag required, and the top and bottom arms and m meet and press upon the
tube so as to flatten it, the bottom arm m having been raised into a position
so as to form a bed or ledger blade for the knife, the top arm 1 being simul-
taneously pressed forward so as to flatten the bag its whole length ready for
packing; immediately this is done the knife n is caused to descend and sever
the length of tube now formed into a bag from the continuous piece, thereby
completing the operation; the severed bag is then received and passed between
a pair of feed rollers and delivered ready for packing.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with the
method of carrying the same into practical effect, we wish it to be distinctly
understood that we claim the novel arrangement and construction of the
machinery and combination of the several parts which constitute our
improvements in machinery or apparatus for manufacturing paper bags, as
herein-before described, set forth, and fully illustrated in the Drawings
attached.
In witness whereof, we, the said Thomas Bibby and James Bibby, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-ninth day of January,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.