IMPROVEMENTS IN FORCING OR LIFTING CORROSIVE OR CHEMICAL LIQUIDS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Stobo, of Leven Bank Works, in the County
of Dumbarton, North Britain, Foreman of Mechanics at Loven Bank
Works, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FORCING OR LIFTING
CORROSIVE OR CHEMICAL LIQUIDS."
Scaled the 6th February 1857, and dated the 16th December 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Stobo at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on tho 16th
December 1856.
I, JOHN STово, of Leven Bank Works, in the County of Dumbarton,
North Britain, Foreman of Mechanics at Levan Bank Works, do hereby
declare the nature the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
FORCING OR LIPTING CORROSIVE OR CHEMICAL LIQUIDS," to be as follows, that is
to say:
This Invention relates to the so arranging and working machinery, apparatus,
or means to be employed for forcing, lifting, or transmitting chemical liquids,
that such liquids may be prevented from coming into direct contact with the
working pump surfaces, or such metallic surfaces of the apparatus as are

page_text: The
liable to injury from the corrosive action of such chemical liquids.
Invention is peculiarly suitable for such operations of the bleacher, calico
printer, dyer, and finisher, or chemical manufacturer, as involve the forcing or
transmission of the various chemicals liquids used in such processes. For
example, in the works of the bleacher, calico printer, and dyer, where it is
necessary to lift or force acidulous and other chemical liquids into the steeping
vessel of the goods to be treated, the liquor is placed in a suitable containing
chamber, which is closed up air-tight, and has no openings in it, except one for
the admission of compressed air, and another for the discharge of the liquor.
The former opening communicates by a pipe or duct with an air-forcing pump,
fan, or other forcer, so that by it compressed air may be injected into the
vessel above the level of the liquor therein, or otherwise. The other or discharge
pipe is a vertical one, passed down through the cover of the vossel, with its
open entered end at or about a level with the bottom of the vessel. This dis-
charge pipe passes up high enough to conduct the liquor into the steeping
vessel overhead, so that when the pump or air-forcer is set to work, the liquor
is at once forced out of the containing vessel by the air pressure on its surface
or otherwise, and up the vertical pipe into tho steeping chamber, without in
any way coming in contact with the working surfaces of the pump or propeller,
which are calculated either 'to be injured themselves by the 'action of the liquor,
or, on the other hand, to deteriorate the liquor. A separate passage may be
'formed between the top of the containing chamber and the bottom of the
steeping vessel, governed by a valve, 'for the purpose of redischarging the
forced-up liquor from the steeping vessel down into the containing chamber.
This general arrangement is available for the transmission of liquids under
various modifications, and the necessary forcing action may be obtained in
various ways. For instance, instead of forcing in air in the manner herein-before
explained, steam may be injected to 'accomplish a similar end, and instead of
forcing by injected air or steam, the reverse agency of a partial vacnum may
be used; the essence of the Invention in all cases being the obtainment of a
simple, cheap, and effective means of forcing, lifting, or transmitting corrosive
and chemical liquids without allowing such liquids or liquors to come into
direct contact with the pumps or other surfaces liable to injure or be injured
by the liquors.