IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COOKING BY STEAM
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Tomlinson Bousfield. of Loughborougli Park
Brixton, in the County of Surrey, for the invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR COOKING BY STEAM." A communication from abroad by
Francis Milliken. residing at Saco, in the State of Maine, United States
of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Tomlinson Bousfield
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th December 1865.
I, GEORGE TOMLINSON BOUSFIELD, of Loughborough Park, Brixton, in the
County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COOKING BY STEAM," to be as follows:--
The object of this Invention is to produce an apparatus for roasting. frying,
or broiling by the agency of steam. For this purpose a vessel is employed
within which is placed a pipe or pipes through which steam is made to circu-
late, the pipes being connected together by solder or otherwise so as to forni
a tight surface upon or in contact with which is placed the meat or other
article to be cooked.
The Invention also consists in the employment of a hollow "spit," into
which steam is admitted. thereby causing the article to be more rapidly cooked
on the inside. In the Drawings hereunto annexed have shewn apparatus
[Price 8d.]

page_text: constructed according to the Invention in order that the Invention may be
fully understood.
Figure 1 is a perspective view of the improved apparatus; Figure 2 is a
transverse vertical section through the same on the line x, x, of Figure 1;
Figure 3 is a view of the cover detached; Figure 4 represents the hollow
"spit"; Figure 5 is a modification of the apparatus shewn at Figure 1.
In the Drawings, A is a circular metallic dish within which is arranged in
the form of a coil the hollow pipe a of tinned brass or other suitable metal,
the several coils of which are connected together by soldering so as to form a
water-tight bottom and prevent any dirt from getting beneath the pipc.
This pipe a dishes or inclines from its periphery b to the centre c, where a
tunnel is formed extending down beneath the pipe, as seen in Figures 2 and 5;
one end d of the pipe a passes up through the cover B (Figure 3), which fits
tightly on top of the dish A, a suitable opening e being made for this purpose,
while the other end of the pipe passes out underneath, as seen in Figure 2.
A current of steam passes continually through the tube a, entering at the end d
and passing out at the end, whence it may be led into a receptacle and be
used for various culinary purposes, such as boiling water. I do not confine
inyself to the form of the vessel A, as it may be varied without departing from
the spirit of the Invention; for example, it may be made square like an ordinary
oven, and have the whole or any portion of its interior lined with steam pipe.
and instead of the pipe a being coiled as shewn it may be bent back and
forth or in any shape desired to correspond to the form of the vessel in which
it is placed, care being had to solder it together so as to make a tight surface
to prevent the gravy or juice from the meat getting beneath the pipe. C
(Figure 4) represents a spit which may be employed in connection with the
above-described apparatus when it is desired to cook more rapidly, the spit
is composed of a bent or single tube into which steam is adınitted from the
pipe g, to which it is connected by a joint so that it can be swung round over
the vessel A as required. A small aperture is provided at the point 6, so as
to allow the air to escape on the entrance of the steam, the point of the spit
passing through the article being cooked, and projecting outside the vessel A,
or when the spit is composed of a pipe bent once only the end may be attached
to the waste pipe, so as to allow of the circulation of the steam. The spit
being inserted into a fowl or piece of meat it is cooked from the inside as well
as on the outside, and the operation thus greatly accelerated. The above-
described steam spit may be used in an oven of my construction, or in front
of any ordinary fire if preferred, and will be found particularly adapted to
cooking poultry. In the apparatus represented at Figure 5 the article to be

page_text: cooked is placed between two separate coils of tube D, E, hinged together
by which the article to be cooked will be cooked on both sides simultaneously,
or instead of the coils of tube being hinged together the upper one E may be
placed in the cover B if preferred, and connected with the steam pipe by a
flexible joint. The apparatus above described may be employed for the pur-
pose of heating dishes or keeping hot articles of food already cooked, and a
vessel with a similar arrangement of pipes may be used for boiling, where the
same advantages resulting from the direct application of the heat would be
obtained, care being taken, as before stated, to tightly solder the .pipe together.
Instead of the steam passing through a pipe as shewn it may be made to pass
between two metallic plates so joined together as to leave a steam space, and
the article to be cooked being placed on the upper plate. In some cases it
is proposed to use a coiled or bent pipe not soldered together as above
described, and employ it alone without the vessel A as a gridiron, the juice
or gravy from the meat dropping through the spaces between the bends or coils
of the pipe into a dish or receptacle beneath. In using the apparatus the
meat or food to be cooked is placed on the coiled tube a within the dish A,
and the cover B or upper coil placed over it when steam is admitted to the
pipe or pipes heating it or them as required. During the process of cooking
the gravy or juice from the meat drops into the inclined groove formed between
the several coils of the pipe a, and finds its way to the centre of the coil and
through the funnel-shaped opening c to a dish placed to receive it, and the
article is thus rapidly cooked without being exposed directly to the steam. A
number of these utensils may be placed compactly together when it is desired
to cook on a large scale.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Tomlinson Bousfield in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 7th June 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
TOMLINSON BOUSFIELD, of Loughborough Park, Brixton, in the County of
Surrey, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the 8th day of December, in the year of
our Lord 1865. in the twenty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself,
Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said George
Tomlinson Bousfield, Her special license that I, the said George Tomlinson

page_text: Bousfield. my executors, administrators, and assigns. or such others as 1,
the said George Tomlinson Bousfield. my executors. administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COOKING BY STEAM," being a communica-
tion to me from abroad, by Francis Milliken, a person resident at Saco, in the
State of Maine, United States of America, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said George Tomlinson Bousfield, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that 1, the said George Tomlinson Bousfield, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement. reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):--
Fig. is a perspective view of my improved apparatus; Fig. 2 is a trans-
verse vertical section through the same on the liner, x, of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is
a view of the cover detached; Fig. 4 represents the hollow" spit" which I
employ; Fig. 3 is a modification to be referred to hereafter.
The object of my Invention is to produce an apparatus for roasting, frying,
or broiling by the agency of steam; and my Invention consists in a vessel
within which is placed a pipe or pipes through which steam is made to cir-
culate, the pipe being connected together by solder or otherwise so as to
form a tight surface upon or in contact with which is placed the meat or other
article to be cooked.
And my Invention also consists in the employment of a hollow "spit" into
which steam is admitted, thereby causing the article to be more rapidly cooked
on the inside.
To enable others skilled in the art to understand and use my Invention I
will proceed to describe the manner in which I have carried it out.
In the said Drawings, A is a circular metallic dish within which is arranged
in the form of a coil the hollow pipe a of tinned brass or other suitable metal,
the several coils of which are connected together by soldering so as to form a
water-tight bottom and prevent any dirt from getting beneath the pipe.

page_text: This pipe a dishes or inclines from its periphery to the centre c. where a
tunnel is formed extending down beneath the pipe, as seen in Figs. 2 and 5.
one end of the pipe a passes up through the cover B (Fig. 3), which fits
tightly on top of the dish A. a suitable opening e being made for this purpose,
while the other end of the pipe passes out underneath, as seen in Fig. 2.
A current of steam passes continually through the tube a, entering at the
end and passing out at the end, whence it may be led into a receptacle
and be used for various culinary purposes, such as boiling water, etc.
I do not confine myself to the form of the vessel A, as it may be varied
without departing from the spirit of my Invention; for example, it may be
made square like an ordinary oven, and have the whole or any portion of its
interior lined with steam pipe, and instead of the pipe a being coiled as shown
it may be bent back and forth or in any shape desired to correspond to the
form of the vessel in which it is placed, care being bad to solder it together so
as to make a tight surface to prevent the gravy or juice from the meat-getting
beneath the pipe.
C (Fig. 4) represents a spil which may be employed in connection with
the above-described apparatus when it is desired to cook more rapidly: the
spit is composed of a bent or single tube into which steam is admitted from
the pipe z, to which it is connected by a joint so that it can he swung round
over the vessel A as required. A small aperture is provided at the point 6.
so as to allow the air to escape on the entrance of the steam. the point
of the spit passing through the article being cooked and projecting ont-
side the vessel A; or when the spit is composed of a pipe bent once only the
end may be attached to the waste pipe, so as to allow of the circulation of the
steam. The spit being inserted into a fowl or piece of neat it is cooked from
the inside as well as on the outside. and the operation thus greatly
accelerated; the above described steam spit may be used in an oven of my
construction, or in front of any ordinary fire if preferred, and will be found
particularly adapted to cooking poultry.
In Fig. 5 is represented a modification of my Invention in which the
article to be cooked is placed between two separate coils of tube D, E. hinged
together, thus enabling me to cook both sides simultaneously; or instead of the
coils of tube being hinged together the upper one E may be placed in the
cover B if preferred, and connected with the steam pipe by a flexible
joint.
The apparatus above described may be employed for the purpose of heating
dishes or keeping hot articles of food already cooked; and a vessel with a
similar arrangement of pipes may be used for boiling, where the same advan-

page_text: lages resulting from the direct application of the heat would be obtained.
care being taken, as before stated, to tightly solder the pipe together. Instead
of the steam passing through a pipe as shown, it may be made to pass between
two metallic plates so joined together as to leave a steam space, and the article
to be cooked being placed on the upper plate. In some cases I propose to
use a coiled or bent pipe not soldered together as above described. and employ
it alone without the vessel A as a gridiron. the juice or gravy from the meat
dronning through the spaces between the bonds or coils of the pipe into a dish
or receptacle beneath.
OPERATION.
The meat or food to be cooked is placed on the coiled tube a within the dish
A, and the cover B or upper coil placed over it when steam is admitted to the
pipe or pipes, heating it or them as required. During the process of cooking
the gravy or juice from the meat drops into the inclined groove formed
between the severals coils of the pipe a, and finds its way to the centre of the
coil and through the funnel-shaped opening c io a dish placed to receive it,
and the article is thus rapidly cooked without being exposed directly to the
steam. A number of these utensils may be placed compactly together when
it is desired to cook on a large scale: they are also simple, not liable to get
out of order, and may be furnished at a moderate cost.
Having now set forth the nature of this Invention, and explained the
manner of carrying the same into effect. I wish it to be understood that under
the above recited Letters Patent I claim, the within-described apparatus for
cooking by means of steam. operating substantially in the manner set forth.
I also claim the hollow steam "spit" C, operating substantially as and
for the purpose set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Tomlinson Bousfield, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
GEO. T. BOUSFIELD. (L.s.)