IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE APPLIED TO LOOMS FOR WEAVING VELVETS AND OTHER PILE FABRICS FOR THE PURPOSE OF CUTTING OR FORMING THE PILE AS. THE FABRICS. ARE. BEING WOVEN, A MODIFICATION OF. THE SAID IMPROVEMENTS. WITHOUT THE CUTTING ACTION BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR FORMING THE LOOPS OR PILE IN FABRICS OF THE NATURE OF BRUSSELS CARPETS, OR OTHER MATERIAL WHICH CAN BE MADE THICKER BY A LOOP OR PILE OR CORRUGATION
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Christopher Brakell at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
July 1874.
-
:
I, CHRISTOPHER BRAKELL, York Street Chambers, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said.
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE APPLIED TO LOOMS FOR
WEAVING VELVETS AND OTHER PILE FABRICS FOR THE PURPOSE OF CUTTING OR
FORMING THE PILE AS. THE FABRICS. ARE. BEING WOVEN, A MODIFICATION OF. THE
SAID IMPROVEMENTS. WITHOUT THE CUTTING ACTION BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR
FORMING THE LOOPS OR PILE IN FABRICS OF THE NATURE OF BRUSSELS CARPETS, OR
OTHER MATERIAL WHICH CAN BE MADE THICKER BY A LOOP OR PILE OR CORRUGATION,”
to be as follows:-
* D...
At the present time velvets, velveteens, cords, carpets, and other pile
fabrics are either woven plain and cut afterwards lengthways of the pièce
by hand, or else the pile is cut or formed in the loom by wires or blades
being woven into what is known as the races crossways of the piece; the
said wires or blades which are alternately woven in and drawn out,
either have a cutting edge at one end which cuts the loops and forms.

page_text: the pile when so drawn out, or else the pilo is formed by a cutter drawn
across and so releasing the wire, which is again woven in and drawn out.
Instead of the methods described, I take wires or blades equal in
number to the races in the material to be woven and secure the same at
each end lengthways of the fabric. The cross frame holding the wires 5
or blades at the one end, and is secured a little beyond the centre line of
the roller or beam on which the fabric is wound as it is woven, and the
cross frame holding the other ends of the wires or blades is beyond the
shuttle of the loom. I then arrango by means of the healds or similar
appliance to weavo. the wires or blades so described into what I have ]
termed the races of the fabric, and the loom being set in motion, it will
be evident that the said wires or blades must be released from the races
as the fabric is being wound round the roller or beam; this I effect by
means of a knifo vibrating crossways of the fabric and in contact with
the wires or blades referred to, thereby cutting the loops and forming 1
the pile and releasing the wires or blades continuously at the point
named; or instead of a vibrating knife I can use a revolving knife or
cutter, or else I can let each wire or blado have a cutting edge at or
about the centre line of the roller or beam on which the fabric is wound
as explained, giving them if necessary a vibrating motion lengthways of 2
the fabric, and so cutting the loops and forming the pile.
Instead of forming a cutting edge on the wires or blades themselves, I
can make knives of thin steel plate of sufficient breadth at one end to
allow of a slot so as they can be fixed on a cross bar, while at the other
end they terminato in a fine or sharp point like the ordinary knife as 2
used at present by a velvet or fustian cutter by hand, except that at the
fine or sharp point referred to is formed a slot or needle eye through
which the wires or blades are passed and secured. I can also have the
ends of the wires or blades split or otherwise prepared, so as to form a
sheath in which the cutting knives are secured.
In some cases it may be more suitable for me to use threads or cords
of silk or other material instead of wires or blades.
3
A modification of my said improvements without the cutting action,
applicable for forming the loops or pile or corrugations of fabrics of the
nature of Brussels carpet, or other materials which can be made thicker 8
by a loop pile, I carry out as follows:-The wires, blades, cords, or threads,
as already referred to, are held or secured at one end beyond the shuttle.

page_text: or shuttles of the loom and are woven into the races as described, but
the other end of the said wires, blades, cords or threads are not fixed but
left free and loose so that the loops or pile, for instance, in a Brussels
carpet can ship off the ends of the said free or loose wires blades cords or
threads as the fabrics is being woven and rolled up on the roller or beam of
the loom. As an example of one of the applications, they are corded or
corrugated fabrics which are formed by cords or threads being woven in,
but by my Invention I can dispense with such cords and produce the
appearance of a corded fabric by means of the loop pile or form a thick
fabric from a less weight of raw material.