AN IMPROVED MODE OF MAKING WITH IODINE AND ITS COMPOUNDS, IN COMBINATION WITH SUB- STANCES CONTAINING EXTRACTIVE PRINCIPLES, VARIOUS ELEMENTARY COMBINATIONS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jacques François Dupont de Bussac, of 36A,
Upper Charlotto Street, Fitzroy Square, in the County of Middle-
sex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED MODE OF
MAKING WITH IODINE AND ITS COMPOUNDS, IN COMBINATION WITH SUB-
STANCES CONTAINING EXTRACTIVE PRINCIPLES, VARIOUS ELEMENTARY
COMBINATIONS."-A communication.
Sealed the 22nd September 1858, and dated the 18th June 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jacques François
Dupont de Bussac at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with his Petition, on the 18th June 1853.
I, JACQUES FRANÇOIS DUPONT DE BUSSAC, of 36A, Upper Charlotte
Street, Fitzroy Square, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
MODE OF MAKING WITH IODINE AND ITS COMPOUNDS, IN COMBINATION WITH
SUBSTANCES CONTAINING EXTRACTIVE PRINCIPLES, VARIOUS ELEMENTARY
COMBINATIONS," to be as follows:-

page_text: A portion of iodine or of its compounds is to be dissolved by the ordi-
nary process. This solution must be mixed with the solution of a vege-
table or animal matter containing extractive principles. The mixture
is then exposed to the action of light & of the sun. The iodine or its
compounds are slowly decomposed, and enter in elementary combina-
tion with the extractive principles, and are transformed into new sub-
stances which have no longer the color, the disagreeable smell, nor the
irritating & intoxicating action of iodine & its compounds. These
different combinations and transformations may be accelerated by
heating the mixture till it boils. Various kinds of medicines, syrups,
aerated waters, powders, lozenges, pomatum, &c. may be manufactured.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Jacques François Dupont de Bussac in the Great
Seal Patent Office, on the 17th December 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
JACQUES FRANÇOIS DUPONT DE BUSSAC, of 36A, Upper Charlotte Street,
Fitzroy Square, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Hor most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the six-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Jacques Francois Dupont de Bussac,
Iler special licence that I, the said Jacques Francois Dupont de Bussac,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Jacques Francois Dupont de Bussac, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention, communicated to me by a foreigner residing
abroad, for. AN IMPROVED MODE OF MAKING WITH IODINE AND ITS COM-
POUNDS, IN COMBINATION WITH SUBSTANCES CONTAINING EXTRACTIVE PRIN-
CIPLES, VARIOUS ELEMENTARY COMBINATIONS," upon the condition (amongst
1

page_text: others) that I, the said Jacques Francois Dupont de Bussac, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jacques Francois Dupont de
Bussac, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof (that is to
say):
The new processes I employ for obtaining the different productions
I claim as constituting my Tuvention are as follows:-
I place in a glass vessel or flask, 1st, iodine, nd, a solution or watery
decoction of the substances containing extractive principles, and make
them boil together. Instead of a decoction or an infusion prepared be-
forehand, 1st, iodine may be put in the flask; 2ndly, water, and a portion
of one of the substances containing extractive principles. By ebullition
a portion of the iodine combines elementarily with the hydrogen of the
water and extractive principles of the substance, and by this elemen-
tary combination forms a small portion of iodohydric acid.
This acid, while being created, helps to dissolve a fresh portion of
iodine. This iodine, just dissolved, takes in its turn a portion of the
hydrogen contained in the water and the extractive matter, and
combines elementarily with that hydrogen, to form a fresh portion of
iodolydric acid. The solution of iodine and its combinations with the
hydrogenic parts of the liquid thus renew till there be no more iodine
to be dissolved and to be transformed into iodohydric acid. As to the
iodinic acid which, during these combinations, is created at the expense
of the oxygen of the water and the extractive matters, it is soon under
the influence of heat decomposed into oxygen and iodine; the iodine
thus formed again combines elementarily with the hydrogenic matters
of the solution, and is transformed into iodohydric acid.
The time of ebullition cannot be exactly determined; it must be
continued till the complete transformation of the iodine into iodohydric -

page_text: acid, when the starch is no longer colored in blue by the solution.
This iodohydric acid is liquid, and free from all mixture, stable, its
color is white, and similar to the color of the solution, or of the
decoction which has furnished the hydrogenized elements. The color
of the iodine has disappeared. It is, indeed, the spirit of iodine, which
possesses all the medical qualities of iodine without having the smell,
the taste, and the intoxicating properties of that metalloid. As the
first idea of this transformation of iodine is owing to the labours of the
celebrated French Doctor Magendie, I term it "Magendie's Todohydric
Acid," or "Magendie's Spirit of Iodine." It may sometimes be neces-
sary to first dissolve the iodine. One may then use the ordinary means
of dissolving that metalloid, but the best solvent is liquid and pure iodo-
hydric acid; the solution of iodine is then free from all extraneous
matters. When iodohydric liquid acid is made by known means it is
never pure; moreover, it only remains colorless a few moments, and
changes nearly immediately into a reddish brown.. This is caused by
the oxygen decomposing the iodohydric acid into oxygen and iodine.
The iodine freed by this decomposition is re-dissolved in acid not yet
decomposed, and colors the mass, which re-assumes the smell, taste, and
intoxicating action of iodine.
The indohydric acid obtained by known processes is then never pure
nor stable. But if, after having created the iodohydric acid by one of
these processes, it be mixed with a solution of gum, or with a liquid con-
taining extractive principles, a perfect combination of the parts of iodine
with hydrogen of the water and of the extractive matters is effected;
and this elementary combination forms a liquid iodohydric acid, per-
fectly stable. The ebullition, though not indispensable, hastens and per-
fects this elementary combination. Among the substances which, by their
solutions and infusions or decoctions, simple or combined, may offer to
the iodine the elements of an elementary and perfect combination, and
facilitate its transformation into iodohydric acid, the following may be
mentioned-soluble gums, saccharine matters, cocoa or cocoa barks,
lychens, rose leaves or hollyhock roses, angelica, dogsgrass, marsh
mallow flowers or flowers of the marsh mallow, sarsaparilla, or the
different sudorific woods, dates, jujubes, and all bechic fruits, the four

page_text: pectoral flowers, the flowers of the elder tree, saponary, borage, fuma-
tory, woody night shade, squina, elecampane (also other emollient and
bechic kinds of plants, and the roots of liquorice and marsh mallow),
gentian, scabians, violets and heartscase, the leaves of the walnut tree,
tea, camomile, roasted acorns, the barks of the various kinds of
cinchona, (milk, butter-milk, cascum, fat broths, wine, beer, black
coffee, vegetable oils, and even glycerine, furnish the necessary ele-
ments for the transformation of the iodine into iodohydric acid; in
a word, all the vegetable and animal substances containing extractive
principles may be employed for this transformation of iodine. The
quantity of substances to be employed in each operation depends on
the quantity of iodine to be transformed, and on the relative quantity
of the extractive principles contained in these different substances.
It is not absolutely necessary to submit to the action of fire most of
these mixtures with the iodine; it is sufficient to expose them to the
action of the sun or of the light to obtain their perfect combination
with the iodine, and the transformation of the iodine into iodohydric
acid, but then the combinations and transformations are much slower.
All substances having extractive principles, after having assisted in the
transformation of the iodine into iodohydric acid or spirit of iodine,
preserve nevertheless all their peculiar medical properties; iodohydric
acid, with gum, lychen, iodohydric oils, or oils with the spirit of iodine, etc.,
are then obtained.
Todohydrates. By the same processes and with the substances con-
taining extractive principles elementary combinations may be obtained
with the different iodides, and transform them into iodhydrates. One
may also by the same processes and with the same substances create
several iodhydrates without having recourse to the iodides.
Iodohydrate of quinine or spirit of iodine and of quinine.-1*t means:
dissolve some iodide of quinine, and mix that solution with the
solution or decoction of a substance containing extractive principles;
make the mixture boil; the iodine of the iodide will be transformed into
iodohydric acid, and the product will be iodohydrate of quinine
Magendie, or spirit of iodide and of quinine Magendie. 2nd means:
dissolve separately some sulphate of quinine or of pure quinine, and

page_text: mix it with a solution of gum, or with any other decoction of substances
having extractive principles; mix with this solution some sulphate of
quinine or pure quinine, either iodine dissolved or iodohydric acid;
heat the mixture by a balneum marice; iolohydrate of quinine
Magendie, or spirit of iodine and quinine Magendie, will thus be
obtained.
By the same processes and the same substances, and by employing
the iodides of cinchonine or of quinidine, or by mixing solutions of
cinchonine or of quinidine with the iodine dissolved, or with iodohydric
acid, iodohydrates of cinchonine or of quinidine are obtained.
Todohydrate of cinchona Magendie, or spirit of iodine and of quin-
quina. Put in a glass vessel or flask some iodine and bruized bark
of cinchona and water; heat the mixture. The iodine combining
elementarily with the hydrogen and the oxygen of the water, and of
the extractive principles contained in the bark of quinquina, will form
iodhydric acid and iodic acid. The iodic acid will dissolve all the
alkaline and constituent parts of the quinquina; then by the effect of
the heat it will be decomposed and transformed into an iodhydric acid.
The final result of the operation will be an iodhydrate of quinquina,
containing all the acids and all the alkalis of quinquinas. For this
iodhydrate to contain only the alkalis of quinquina it would suffice
to deprive, first, the barks of the cinchona of their different acids in
boiling them in carbonate of soda and water. Both these iodhydrates
of cinchona may be obtained by making the heated iodhydric acid
diluted with water act on cinchona bark entire or deprived of its acid.
lodhydrated powder of cinchona Magendie, or powder with spirits of
iodine and cinchona.-The iodhydrate of cinchona must be made to
evaporate at a small degree of heat on the bark itself of cinchona;
when the whole is dry, pulverize it, or powder of cinchona may be
imbibed with the iodhydric acid Magendie, much concentrated; dry it
again, and pulverize it again.
Todhydrate Magendie of quinine and iron, or of cinchona and iron,
or spirit of iodine and quinine, or of iodine, cinchona; and iron.-To
obtain this iodhydrate it is sufficient to add to the elements constituting
iodhydrates of quinine or of cinchona a salt of iron, and especially the

page_text: simple citrate of iron, or the malate of iron, which have no bad
ferrugineous taste.
Todhydrate of the acids of cinchona Magendie, or spirit of iodine,
and the acids of cinchona.-Boil in water some cinchona bark;
this decoction will only contain the acids of the cinchona and some
extractive principles; filter the decoction, and add a portion of iodine,
dissolved or not dissolved; boil the whole in a glass flask till the iodine
be transformed into iodhydric acid. The result will be iodhydrate of
the acids of cinchona.
Todhydrate of starch Magendic, or spirit of iodine and starch.―Mix
with some starch some dissolved iodine. Put the mixture in a glass
flask, and add to it a solution or decoction of a substance containing
extractive principles. Heat the mixture. By the combination of the
iodine with the hydrogen of the water and the extractive matters the
iodine is transformed into iodhydric acid, and thus the colour and taste
of the iodine will disappear, and the result will be liquid iodhydrate of
starch. One may obtain solid iodhydrate of starch by imbibing starch
with iodhydric acid Magendie. The starch is afterwards dried at a
gentle heat, and it may then be again turned into powder.
Todhydrate or biniodhydrate Magendie of sulphur, or spirit of iodine
and of sulphur.-1st means: dissolve some iodide of sulphur by the
means generally used, or by iodhydric acid Magendie. Mix this solu-
tion with a solution of gum, or with a decoction of substances with
extractive principles. Heat the mixture; the iodide of sulphur will lose
its colour, its taste, its smell, and the product will be iodhydrate or
biniodhydrate of sulphur Magendie. 2nd means: triturate together one
part of sulphur and four parts of iodine, dissolve them in iodhydric
acid Magendie, and mix this solution with a solution of gun water,
or with a decoction of a substance containing extractive principles.
Do the mixture; the result will be iodhydrate of sulphur.
Iodhydrate or biniohydrate of lead, of zinc, silver, gold, ammo-
nium, arsenic, or mercury, or spirit, etc.-Dissolve some iodide of lead,
or of zinc, silver, gold, ammonium, and arsenic, mercury, or biniodide
of mercury, either by known means or by iodhydric acids. The simple
iodide of mercury is best dissolved in the glycerinc. Mix this solution

page_text: with a solution of gum water, or with a decoction of substances con-
taining extractive principles. Boil till the iodine be transformed into
iodhydric acid. The result will be an iodhydrate or a biniodhydrate
of lead, zinc, silver, gold, arsenic, mercury, ammonium. If, with the
solution containing extractive principles, there be mixed at the same
time iodide of mercury and iodide of arsenic, the result is a double
iodhydrate of mercury and arsenic.
Jodhydrate of manganese, and of manganese and iron, or spirit,
ctc. Put in a flask, 1, iodine; 2, sulphate or carbonate of
manganese, or even peroxide of manganese; 3rd, a solution or
decoction containing extractive principles. 1eat the mixture. The
iodhydric acid in being created will dissolve either the sulphate or
carbonate of manganese, or the peroxide of manganese. When all
the iodine is transformed into iodhydric acid the result will be
iodhydrate of manganese: by adding in the flask a little iron filings, or
peroxide of iron, or a salt of iron, the result is an iodhydrate of
manganese and of iron; if the citrate of iron or malate of iron be used,
the iodhydrate of iron and of manganese will have no bad ferrugineous
taste.
Todhydrate of phosphorus, or spirit of iodine and of phosphorus.-
Put in a flask the normal proportions of iodine and phosphorus; more-
over, a solution or decoction containing extractive principles. Heat not
only to the transformation of iodine into iodhydric acid, but till the
cessation of the white and opaque vapours which proves the complete
evaporation of the phosphorous acid. You can afterwards concentrate,
more or less, the solution, as that of medical phosphoric acid. The
result is iodhydrate of phosphorus.
Todhydrate of iron, or spirit of iodine and of iron.-Dissolve some
iodide of iron in a solution of gum water, or in the decoction of a
substance containing extractive principles. Boil till the iodine be
transformed into iodhydric acid. The result is iodhydrate of iron. But
this iodhydrate of iron only contains and can only contain but th of
iron against ths of iodine.
To obtain an iodhydrate of iron containing a greater proportion of
iron. Put in a flask, 1st, iodine; 2nd, a solution of gum, or a decoc-

page_text: tion of a substance containing extractive principles; 3rd, a salt of
iron, and especially citrate and malate of iron in the desired propor-
tions. Boil to the transformation of the iodine into iodhydric acid.
According to the quantity of salt of iron which will have been added
to the solution, the result will be an iodhydrate double, triple, or
quadruple, etc., of iron.
All these different products above enumerated preserve at the same
time the curative properties of iodine, and the properties of the
different substances that have been combined elementarily with the
iodine. One may then use these products to make syrups, lozenges,
paste, biscuits, or medical chocolates and medical oils or pomatums,
waters for the toilet, injections, lotions, baths, ærated waters, powders
for the teeth, or other powders; in a word, prepare all the medicines
in which iodine is necessary, either in its simple state or combined
with other substances, as above described.
I claim, 1, the production of an iodhydric acid, pure and stable,
by the processes above indicated under the name of iodhydric acid
Majendic, or spirit of iodine Majendie.
gudly, the production of the different iodhydrates or biniodhydrates
above described.
3, the production of iodhydrated oils as described.
4thly, the production of iodhydric powder of cinchona as described.
5thly, the manufacture by the aid of iodlydric acid Majendie, or
of the different iodhydrates or binindhydrates above described, of
medicines of all kinds in which iodine is necessary.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jacques Francois Dupont de
Bussac, have hereunto set my hand and seal this Seventeenth
day of December, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-three.
J. F. DUPONT DE BUSSAC. (L.S.)