IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Auguste Edouard Chasteau de Balyon, Gentleman,
residing in Paris, 57, Faubourg Montmartre, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOVEN FABRICS."
Sealed the 2nd April 1861, and dated the 4th February 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Auguste Edouard Chasteau
de Balyon at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 4th February 1861.
I, AUGUSTE EDOUARD CHASTEAU DE BALYON, Gentleman, residing in Paris,
57, Faubourg Montmartre, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOVEN FABRICS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of woven
fabrics.
In manufacturing woven fabrics, according to my Invention, the fabric is
composed of silk warp and two wefts, one of cotton, and the other of wool, the
cotton weft being on one face of the fabric, and the woollen weft on the other
face of the fabric. By this means a warm and absorbent fabric is produced
suitable for being used in place of flannel.
5
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Auguste Edouard Chasteau de Balyon in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 3rd August 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, AUGUSTE
EDOUARD CHASTRAU DE BALYON, Gentleman, residing in Paris, 57, Faubourg
Montmartre, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Auguste Edouard Chasteau de Balyon, Her special licence that I,
the said Auguste Edouard Chasteau de Balyon, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Auguste Edouard Chasteau de
Balyon, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFAC-
TURE OF WOVEN FABRICS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Auguste Edouard Chasteau de Balyon, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Auguste Edouard Chasteau de Balyon,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of woven
fabrics.
In manufacturing woven fabrics, according to my Invention, the fabric is
composed of silk warp and two wefts, one of cotton and the other of wool,
the cotton weft being, by preference, on the face of the fabric, and the woollen
weft on the back of the fabric, the two wefts being tied together so as to
form a single fabric by means of the silk warp. By this means a warm and
absorbent fabric is produced suitable for being used in place of flannel.
I would remark that I am aware that fabrics have before been made with
an upper and lower weft united together by the warp, but what I claim is,
the manufacturing woven fabrics of a silk warp and two wefts, one of cotton
and the other of wool, the cotton weft being on one face of the fabric, and
the woollen weft on the other face of the fabric.
The fabric known as flannel is particularly applicable for the construction
of those articles of clothing which being in contact with the skin are intended
to prevent chills, which chills occasion great inconvenience and even danger to

page_text: persons when perspiration is suddenly checked; but woven woollen fabrics are
so easily penetrated by perspiration that they become saturated, and are thus
prevented from absorbing a fresh quantity; this, however, is not the case
with fabrics made of either cotton or linen, which allow the liquid to be
readily evaporated, and thus produce a greater or less chill to those parts of
the skin with which they are in contact. To obtain a fabric which shall unite
the three properties of absorbing perspiration, keeping up the temperature of
the skin, and of evaporation to permit the fabric to absorb a fresh quantity,
will thus be of great service in the manufacture of under garments. Some
attempts have already been made to attain this object by manufacturing a
fabric from woollen and cotton threads, but fabrics thus constructed have but
imperfectly attained the desired end. I have attained this end by constructing
woven fabrics of a silk warp and a double weft, one of wool and the other of
cotton, the woollen weft being on one face of the fabric, and the cotton weft
on the other face, the fabric thus presents this important characteristic, that
the woollen surface when in contact with the skin has the same effect as
flannel itself, whilst the cotton and silk on the other face serve to suck up the
liquid, which impregnates it and assists the evaporation without producing on
the skin that chill which by themselves they would otherwise produce, to the
great detriment of the health of the person wearing under garments made of
these materials only. Silk and cotton are not the only fibres which may be
employed in weaving this class of fabrics, as China grass and other analogous
matters may be usefully employed with the same object.
Having thus described my Invention, I would have it understood that what
I claim is, the constructing by weaving of fabrics with a woollen face, to be
in contact with the skin, with the object of imparting to the fabric the
characterestic of a fabric made entirely of wool, the other face of the fabric
being composed of fibres of a different nature capable of absorbing perspiration,
the perspiration thus being able to evaporate without imparting a chill to the
skin.
In witness whereof, I, the said Auguste Edouard Chasteau de Balyon,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this First day of August, in
the rook of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
T. MAZERON,
Rue Royer Cotlard, 12.
CHASTEAU DE BALYON. (L.B.)