Improvements in Furnaces for the Destruction of Town Refuse.
Year: 1895

page_text: This Print is in accordance with the Original Specification as it stands after
Amendment (under Section 18 of the Patents, &c. Act, 1883) as allowed by
the decision of the Comptroller General of the 5th day of December 1898.
Date of Application, 18th NOV., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 18th Aug., 1896-Accepted, 19th Sept., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Furnaces for the Destruction of Town Refuse.
1, GEORGE WATSON, of Atheneum Buildings, Park Lane, in the City of Leeds,
Engineer and Secretary of the Horafall Refuse Furnace Company Limited,, whose
registered office is situate at Atheneum Buildings aforesaid, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
'
-
This invention relates to improvements in that class of furnaces used for the
destruction of street and house and other refuse wherein the air required in
order to effect the complete destruction of such refuse and all injurious gases is
passed into the furnaces by means of forced or induced draught and more particu-
larly to furnaces provided with side chambers into which the air is passed by
means of steam blasts and which passes thence through apertures in the said
chambers to the under side of the fire grate.
My invention consists in part in the construction of an additional flue at the
back of the furnace or between furnaces when erected back to back to serve as an
air duct from which the air required for combustion may be taken and preferably
build this additional flue or air duct in the form of an arch. It may be pro-
vided with a floor resting on the top of the main flue or the footings of the arch
may be carried down so as to enclose the main flue within the arch. I use a
main flue as heretofore for conveying away the products of combustion to the
chimney but I now place it preferably at a lower level than heretofore and make
it of smaller sectional area and I connect it to the outlet apertures at the-back
of the furnace by means of downtake chimneys passing through the air duct.
The products of combustion pass away from each furnace through openings in
the arch of the furnace or the side of the furnace towards the front and thence
through small flues to the back of the furnace as heretofore, but now they have
to pass thence through the downtake chimney to enter the main flue common to
all the furnaces and the heat of such products of combustion becomes utilised
for warming the walls of the passages from which the air for combustion is
taken by the forced or induced draught.
The air is conveyed from the back to the front of the furnace either through
the side chambers of the furnace or through suitable flues in each case connected
with the air duct by suitable openings thereupon and when blast is used each
opening is preferably served by a separate blast. When steam jet
blast is used the openings are trumpet shaped and in front of
each is placed a steam jet. The steam jets being thus enclosed
within the the air duct the noise of them is greatly deadened and the air
passing through the duct is free from coal dust particles of ashes and impurities
of divers kinds which under previous arrangements used to get into the blast
as for instance on stirring the charge or on cleaning out the grate. When any

page_text: other than steam jet blast is to be used a separate fan or other blower may be
placed in front of each opening.
But instead of separate steam jet fans or other blowers, the air duct may be
closed at one end and the air forced in at the other end by one large steam jet,
fan or other blower thus making the air duct serve the purpose of a pipe whence
the air will pass into the several furnaces connected therewith through the open-
ings made therein as aforesaid, Or one or more pipes connected with blowers
suitable outside of or even inside the air duct may be laid therein provided with
tuyères in front of the openings from the air duct going to the front of the
furnace and these pipes if more than one may be so arranged as to give blasts of
different force.
A further feature of my improvements is the form of the feeding hearth. In
the floor of the platform from which the refuse is to be fed into the furnaces
and opposite each feeding hearth I now construct a feeding hole of a size equal
to or slightly larger both in width and depth than the aperture of the feeding
hearth. The object of this arrangement is to facilitate the charging of the refuse
from the feeding, hole to the furnaces whilst at the same time preventing the
furnace gases escaping through the feeding hole during the operation of charging.
The feeding hearth of each furnace abuts at its bottom end against the grate of
the furnace. Thence it rises in a rather steep incline toward the entrance from
the feeding hole and at its upper end terminates in a saddle, or flat or approxi-
mately flat top immediately beneath the feeding hole. The entrance
from the feeding hole to the hearth is in the vertical side of the
feeding hole
the hearths of two or more furnaces are pre-
ferably arranged opposite to each other or radially to the feeding hole
common to all. The feeding hearth widens out from the entrance in the
side of the feeding hole as it descends to the fire grate and also slopes rapidly
downwards (preferally in the form of a hollow curve) so as to permit the refuse
to fall freely over the side of the feeding hole and also to form a store for a
large quantity of refuse which may be easily drawn on to the grate from the front
of the furnace or pushed from above by means of a prong or the like when it is
:desired' to renew the fires in accordance with the quantity of material consumed.
Dated this 16th day of November 1895.
and
4
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED)..
Improvements in Furnaces for the Destruction of Town Refuse.
I, GEORGE WATSON, of Atheneum Buildings, Park Lane, in the City of Leeds;
Engineer and Secretary of the Horsfall Refuse Furnace Company Limited, whose
registered office is situate at Atheneum Buildings.. aforesaid, do, hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
This invention relates to improvements in that class of furnaces used for the
destruction of street and house and other refuse.
:
My invention consists in part in the construction of an additional flue at the
back of the furnace or between furnaces when erected back to back to serve as an
nir duct from which the air required for combustion inay be taken and preferably
I build this additional flue or air duct in the form of an arch built over the main
flue with a floor resting on the top of the main flue or liaving its footings.carried
down so as to enclose the main flue within the arch. But I sometimes use an àir
duct placed side by side with the main flue And sometimes when furnaces are
I

page_text: erected back to back I use a separate main flue for the front and back furnaces and
separate air ducts. I use a main flue as heretofore for conveying away the, pro-
ducts of combustion to the chimney but when using an air duct in the preferred
form of an arch. I now place the main flue at a lower level than heretofore and
make it of smaller sectional area and I connect it to the outlet apertures at the
back of the furnaces by means of downtake chimneys passing through the air
duct. The products of combustion pass away from each furnace through openings
at the arch of the furnace or the side of the furnace in each case towards the front
and thence through small flues to the back of the furnace as heretofore, but now
they have to pass thence through the. downtake chimney to enter the main flue
common to all the furnaces and the heat of such products of combustion becomes
utilised for warming the walls of the passages from which the air for combustion.
is taken by the forced or induced draught.
The air is conveyed from the back to the front of the furnace through the side
chambers of the furnace which are connected with the air duct by suitable
openings thereupon and when blast is used each opening may be served by a
separate blast. When steam jet blast is used the openings are trumpet shaped
and in front of each is placed a steam jet. The steam jets being thus enclosed
within the air duct the noise of them is greatly deadened and the air passing
through the duct is free from particles of ashes and impurities of divers kinds
which under previous arrangements used to get into the blast as for instance on
stirring the charge or on cleaning out the grate. When any other than steam jet
blast is to be used a separate fan or other blower may be placed in front of each
opening.
But instead of separate steam jets fans other blowers the
or
duct
may
one
:
air
the
be closed at
end and the air forded in at
other end by one large steam jet fan or other blower thus making the
air duct serve the purpose of a pipe whence the air will pass into the several
furnaces connected therewith through the openings made therein as aforesaid.
Or one or more pipes connected with lilowers situate outside of or even inside the
air duct may be laid therein provided with tuyères in front of the openings from
the air duct going to the front of the furnace and these pipes more than one
may be so arranged as to give blasts of different force. Also I'arrange suitable
valves to control the air supply to each furnace independently. The air duct
may be so arranged as that the entrance thereto may be above the top of the
furnaces and be utilised for the purpose of ventilating the platform on which the
refuse to be burned is placed whilst awaiting burning.
1.
A:
Thid
A further feature of my improvements is the form of the feeding hearth: In
the floor of the platform from which the refuse is to be fed into the furnaces and
opposite each feeding hearth I now construct a feeding hole of a size equal to
or slightly larger both in width and depth than the aperture of the feeding hearth
the refuse.
The object of this arrangement is to facilitate the charging of the from
the feeding hole to the furnaces whilst at the same time preventing the futilice
gases escaping through the feeding hole during the operation of charging
feeding hearth of each furnace abuts at its bottom end against the grate of the
furnace. Thence it rises in a rather steep incline toward the entrance from the
feeding hole and at its upper end terminates in a saddle or flat or approximately
flat top immediately beneath the feeding hole. The entrance from the feeding
hole and the hearth of two or more furnaces are preferably, arranged opposite
to each other or radially to the feeding hole common to all. The feeding hearth
widens out from the entrance in the side of the feeding hole as it descends to the
fire grate and also slopes rapidly downward (preferably in the form of a hollow
curve) so as to permit the refuse to fall freely over the side of the feeding hole
and also to form a store for a large quantity of refuse which may be easily drawn
on to the grates from the front of the furnace or pushed from above by means
of a prong or tho like when it is desired to renew the fires in accordance with the
quantity of material consumed.

page_text: In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a vertical cross section of a pair of
furnaces constructed with an arched air duct and Figure 2 is a similar section of
a pair of furnaces constructed with the air duct placed alongside of the main flue.
Figure 3 is a sectional plan taken on the line XX in Figure 1. In each case
the furnaces are shown back to back.
In Figure 1A is the furnace and aaaa are openings in the roof of the furnace
through which the products of combustion pass away through D to the downtake
chimney E common to both furnaces to the main flue 1, B is the firegrate of the
furnace and CC are side chambers with openings below the fire grate to admit
air below it. GG is the arched air duct with its Hoor resting upon the top of
the main flue F. H is a trumpet shaped opening or passage from the air duct G
-to the side chamber C to permit of the conveyance of air from the back to the front
:
of the furnace.
I is the feeding hearth constructed in the form of a hollow curve and abutting
at its lower end against the grate of the furnace and terminating at its upper.
end in the saddle or flat or approximately flat top J. K is the platform from which
the refuse is to be fed into the furnace through the feeding hole L and 7 is the
aperture through which the refuse is to be pulled or pushed on to the feeding
hearth.
In Figure 2 I have shown a pair of back to back furnaces with separate down
take chimneys E and main flues F and with separate air ducts G placed alongside
the main flues. In this figure the opening or passage H from the air duct G
to the side chambers C is also shown in a different form to that in Figure 1: but
in all other respects the two figures are identical and the same letters in each figure
refer to the same part.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In furnaces for the destruction of street and house and other refuse the use
of an enclosed air duct at the back of a furnace or between furnaces when erected
back to back in combination with air passages H, and side chambers C, by which
the air is conveyed from the air duct to the front or fronts of the furnace or furnaces
substantially as and for the several purposes hereinbefore and in the drawings
described.
2. In furnaces for the destruction of street and house and other refuse the uso
in combination of a feeding hearth at the back of the fire grate with a flat or
approximately flat top beneath the feeding hole, of a feeding hole and of aperture
in the vertical side or sides of the feeding hole severally arranged as and for the
purposes herein before described..
3. In furnaces for the destruction of street and house and other refuse and in
combination with a feeding hole constructed in the platform from which the refuse
is to be fed into the furnace and with vertical openings in the side of the side of
the feeding hole through which the refuse is passed on to the feeding hearth, the
use of a feeding hearth widening out from the entrance thereto from the feeding
hole substantially as and for the purposes herein before mentioned and in the
drawings described.'
1000