Improvements in the Manufacture or Production of Paper Boxes, Cases, or other like Paper Enclosures.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 19th May, 1887
Complete Left, 20th Feb., 1888
Complete Accepted, 18th May, 1888
Improvements in the Manufacture or Production of Paper Boxes,
Cases, or other like Paper Enclosures.
I, FREDERICK CHRISTIAN LEONARDT of Vicarage Road Handsworth in the County
of Stafford, Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to machinery to be used in the production or making up of
paper enclosures, commonly known as paper boxes, cases, and the like; consisting of
a rectangular shaped paper tube, with an enclosed bottom, and an open mouth; the
latter of which is subsequently enclosed after the box or case has been filled. Thus
the enclosure to be made consists of a long rectangular shaped tube, with an enclosed
end, formed by overlapping folds, disposed in planes at angles to the tube itself.
The machinery for the formation of the said tube, and the enclosing in of its bottom,
consists as follows.
On the top of an upright framing, is a horizontal bed, having sunken crosswise
within its middle part, a she mould or trough, of the shape and outside dimensions of
a box or case to be made; that is, the inside of the she mould, is of the shape and
dimensions of a box or packet to be made, and with the top edges of the said she
mould, lying flush with the bed.
Moving to and fro, upon the top side of the bed, and on the two opposite sides of
the she mould, are two top folding plates or slides, which when in their normal
positions, leave uncovered the open top of the said she mould, and upon the top
faces of the said folding plates, the blanks to be transformed into boxes or cases are
plened

page_text: The position of the blanks, or of each blank, with respect to the she mould, is
determined by sets, placed transversely across the said top folding plates; and the
space enclosed by the sets as aforesaid, is of a length, or of a breadth equal to the
length, or to the breadth of a blank.
Elevated immediately above the open top of the said she mould, and at a suitable
distance from the folding plates as aforesaid, is a he mould, of the inside shape and
dimensions of a box or case to be made; and it is around this he mould, which has
within its middle a sliding core, that the blank as aforesaid, is folded.
On the offside of the framing of the machine, are four end folders, for the creasing,
folding and subsequent squaring and perfecting of the folded-in end, riz :-horizontal
folders, and top and bottom folders.
The horizontal folders, which fold in the two opposite ends of the box or case, are
of about the breadth, of the depth of a box to be made, and slide and work within
guides disposed on the two opposite sides of the back end of the she mould.
The vertical end folders for the gathering in of the two opposite top and
bottom sides, also consist of two sliding plates, working within guides, and made to
approach and recede from each other, by means hereinafter described.
The folders and other parts of the machine as aforesaid, are worked as follows.
The mould, with its internal sliding core, is carried by a reciprocating slide, which
moves up and down within guides disposed in the same vertical plane as the end of
the she mould. This slide is operated by a transverse vertical shaft, receiving its
motion from a hand wheel or other source of power.
Motion is communicated from the said shaft to the mould carrying slide, by link
motion of the knee or toggle joint type, or by a face wheel, or channel cam, wherein
a stud on the slide engages.
The internal core of the mould is worked by a lever or its equivalent, moved into
and out of position, by cam, lover or face wheel motion.
The horizontal top folder plates are worked by two rocking levers and links,
respectively connected to the undersides of the slides by hanging bracket joints.
The axes of the levers are situated at a lower level than the horizontal shaft before
named, and which said shaft carries wiper, channel, or other like cams, for the working
of the levers.
The horizontal end folders are worked by lovers and links, operated by wiper cams
or channel cams, carried on the main shaft.
The back, top and bottom folders, are also worked, by the same shaft, and by
expedients such as described.
The pasting or glueing of the blanks at intermediate points, is effected by pasting
or glueing rolls, with their peripheries shaped in such a manner, that the paste or
glue is distributed only at given points.
Or instead of rolls, a flat plate with raised parts upon its acting face, may be
employed. This plate is made to have a rising, falling, advancing and retiring motion;
and coming upon the blank, it pastos or glues it, at given points, and then retires
ready for the said blank to be fed into the set, or into position, over the she or trough
mould.
The feeding forward of the blank into the set, or over the she mould, may be
effected as follows.
Situated at a suitable distance from the she mould, is a well or cavity, wherein a
pile of blanks are stored. The top face of this well or store, is at the same level, or
at about the same level, as the set or she mould; so that the papers are fed into
position at about the same elevation as the top of the pile. The bottom of the pile
rests upon a plate, while the underside of the plate is pressed upwards by a spring, or
by a weight.
Situated above the top of the pile, is a feed roll, with its periphery provided with
needle points, rubber facings, or part facings, for the laying hold of individual blanks,
and feeding them forward at the proper time.
The underside of the periphery of the feed roll, is removed from the horizontal
plane of the top of the well or store, by the distance of the thickness of a single

page_text: blank; so that on the rotation of the feed roll, a single blank only is removed to its
position for folding.
The removal of the one blank from the pile, is replaced by the one below it, and so
on, until the pile becomes exhausted.
The automatic feeding of the blanks to the periphery of the feed roll, is effected by
a spring, or by a weight.
The feed roll is operated by levers and links, or by feed gear, receiving its motion
from the main shaft, or from any other convenient source of power.
Or the feed may be effected by a reciprocating rising and falling bar, which has
upon its underside, needle points, rubber facings or the like, which take into the
material of the blanks, or upon the face of the blanks, so as to feed them forward into
position, and when in position, they shall be liberated, by the rising and retiring of the
feeder bar.
The action of the machine is as follows.
On motion being communicated from the main shaft, or from an auxiliary axis
connected with the main shaft, a blank or sheet of paper, card-board, straw-board or
the like, is first pasted or glued at intermediate points, by the pasting or glueing rolls,
(or by a plate) and then fed forward into the set, which is immediately over the she
mould. The he mould which is now in an elevated position, is made to descend upon
the middle of the top of the said blank, forcing it into the she mould, and making it
into a troughed blank, with the front portions to form the closed end, in advance of
the mould. The top edge of the mould when in this position, is on the same level
with the top edges of the bed or the she mould; and between the she mould, and
opposite sides of the he mould, the blank is creased, with the ends raised above the
top face of the bed. .
The continued motion of the shaft, carries forward No. 1 top folder plate, which
advances to a middle position, or to a position near to the boundary edge of that
side of the blank folded over the mould. This No. 1 folder plate remains quiescent
for a time, when the second top folder plate advances, and presses down and folds the
opposite edge of the blank; during this time, the No. 1 folder plate partially retires,
and is followed up by the No. 2 folder plate. This completes the first process, and
forms a tube with overhanging outer ends, which are hereafter folded into a square
bottom.
The end of the tube is then enclosed, by the advancing first of one of the horizontal
folder plates, upon one side of the end of the tube, and then the advancing of the
other folder plate, upon the other side. The former now partially retires, on the
latter advancing, so as to allow the folds thus made, to overlap each other.
During the time that these end side folds, or pleats, are being held by the horizontal
folder plates, as described, the top and bottom folder plates now move forward, ono after
the other, or one in advance of the other; and on their advancing, the other folders
last named, retire-This completes the folds or pleats, and fully closes in the one end
of the tube.
The mould rises to its normal and elevated position, above the she mould and bed;
and when in this position, its internal core is advanced forward, thereby pushing the
box, packet or case, thus formed, from off the he mould, into a receiving box,
tray or shoot, situated at a distance from the closed in ends of the box or caso thus
formed.
The internal core of the mould, now resumes its normal position within the interior
of the mould; and which position is effected, by a coiled spring, encircling a spindle,
(secured at its outer end) enclosed within the interior of a hollow axis in the core.
Thus a lever or cam effects the advancement of the core, while the spring brings it back.
The various motions for the working of the parts, are produced by the expedients
as described.
The boxes may be produced with or without pasting; and when a stout board is
used, I prefer to slit, nick, subdivide or partially divide, or score portions of the
blanks, in order to facilitate and ensure the proper folding over, creasing or making
of the parts intended to be folded.

page_text: The whole of the slides are made adjustable, so as to accommodate themselves to
the varying thicknesses of paper or folds. Thus, any variation in the thickness of
paper, the slides are allowed to give to the extent of such variation.
Instead of the machine being disposed in a horizontal direction as described, it may
be arranged so that the top folders may work in a vertical position, instead of a
horizontal plane as described, and with the other folders, relatively disposed.
Although I have stated that the bottom only, of a box, packet or the like is
enclosed, vet the said machine may be made to enclose the mouth end, as well as the
bottom. In this case, the box or packet is first filled, and then the packet is operated
upon, when resting in a vertical position.
5

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture or Production of Paper Boxes,
Cases, or other like Paper Enclosures.
I, FREDERICK CHRISTIAN LEONARDT of Vicarage Road, Handsworth, in the County
of Stafford, Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention relatos to machinery to be used in the production or making up of
paper enclosures, commonly known as paper boxes, cases, and the like; consisting of
a rectangular shaped paper tube, with an enclosed bottom, and an open mouth; the
latter of which is subsequently enclosed, after the box or case has been filled. Thus,
the enclosure to be made, consists of a long rectangular shaped tube, with an
enclosed end, formed by overlapping folds, disposed in planes at right angles to the
tube itself.
The machinery for the formation of the said tube, and the enclosing in of its bottom,
consists as follows.
On the top of an upright framing, is a horizontal bed, having sunken crosswise
within its middle part, a she mould or trough, of the shape and outside dimensions of a
box or case to be made; that is, the inside of the she mould, is of the shape and
dimensions of a box or packet to be made, and with the top edges of the said she mould,
lying flush with the bed.
Moving to and fro, upon the top side of the bed, and on the two opposite sides of
the she mould, are two top folding plates or slides, which when in their normal positions,
leave uncovered, the open top of the said she mould.
The blanks are placed in position, over the she mould, by sets, placed transversely
across the bed; and the space enclosed by the sets, as aforesaid, is of a length, or of a
breadth equal to the length, or to the breath of a blank.
Elevated immediately above the open top of the said she mould, and at a suitable
distance from the folding plates as aforesaid, is a he mould, of the inside shape and
dimensions of a box or case to be made; and it is around this he mould, which has
within its middle, a sliding plunger or core, that the blank as aforesaid, is folded.
On the off side of the framing of the machine, are four end folders, for the creasing,
folding, and subsequent squaring and perfecting of the folded in end; viz.--horizontal
folders, and top and bottom folders.
The horizontal folders, which fold in the two opposite ends of the box or case, are
of about the breadth, of the depth of a box to be made, and slide and work within
guides, disposed on the two opposite sides of the back end of the she mould.
The vertical end folders, for the gathering in of the two opposite top and bottom
sides, also consist of two sliding plates, working within guides, and made to approach
and recede from each other, by means hereinafter described.

page_text: The folders and other parts of the machine, as aforesaid, aro worked as follows.
The he mould, and its internal sliding core, or plunger, are worked from off, or by
channel and box cams.
The horizontal top folder plates, are worked by rocking levers and cams, made fast
on the main shaft.
The back, top and bottom folders, are also worked by the same shaft, as the other
folders, and by expedients, such as described.
The pasting or glueing of the blanks, may be continuous, at intermediate points, by
a roller or other like expedient.
Figure 1 represents in front elevation, partly in vertical section, a paper-box, or
paper-case making machine, constructed and arranged according to this invention. It
will be seen that the machine is shown with the parts in their normal positions, and
with the mould lowered to the extent of one compartment. This said view also repre-
sents the means for liberating the mould-box, which falls by its own weight, after the
introduction of a made box or case into each compartment, and that the said mould-box
is allowed to fall intermittently through the entire depth of one compartment.
Thus, on a box being formed as hereinafter described, upon a he mould, it is intro-
duced when finished, into the first or lower compartment, when the mould-box then
falls, so as to bring the second part into position, and so on, until the whole of them
have been filled.
Figure 2 represents a horizontal section of figure 1, exhibiting the positions of the
top folder cams, with respect to the side folder cams, and also the channel cam, for the
working of the plunger or core, which slides within the he mould, and by means
of which, a formed box or case is taken from the said mould, and thereby placed in one
of the compartments of the mould box. It also shows the cam, which acts in common
for raising and lowering the he mould, into and out of position, and also for operating
the folder lever.
Figure 3 also represents a part vertical section of the machine, with the side folders
and intermediate driving wheel in elevation. The view is taken upon the dotted
lines A B figure 2, just at the back of the front plate, and shows in section and elevation,
the cams for the working of the side folders, and also the connecting links, which are
attached to the slides.
Figure 4 represents a vertical section, partly in elevation, of the said machine, upon
the dotted lines CD figure 2, thus showing the No. 3 and 4 cams, for the working of
the slides of the top folders, and also the lever arrangements, for working the pasting
roller.
Figure 5 is a back view of the machine, showing the plunger working channel cam,
which is worked through the intervention of links and connecting bars, so as to form
a compound system of levers, which give an extended rising and falling movement to
the he mould.
Figure 6 shows a transverse vertical section of portions of the parts in elevation, upon
the dotted lines E F figure 2.
The other figures-7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 and 23,
represent separately, the varying processes of formation, and the separate movements,
made, consequent thereon, by the principal parts of the machine.
The same letters of reference, indicate corresponding parts in the several figures of
the drawings.
a is the framing of the machine, and a³ is the bed thereof. 6 is the driving axis,
having made fast upon it, a drive disc 62, whose periphery is provided with equi-distant
notches or depressions 6, wherein a jointed pawl 64, carried by a working lever 6
engages, on the said lever being pushed backwards, and then drawn forwards. The
lever rides freely upon the driving axis, and when drawn forward, through its allotted
distance, the driving shaft b, is rotated, and with it, the intermediate spur wheel 6º,
which gears with a spur pinion c², made fast upon the main axis c, which carries the
cams as hereinafter described, for the working of the folders, and for the lifting of the
he mould, and taking its plunger or core outwardly, when a finished case is required to
be removed.

page_text: a is a plunger channel cam, made fast upon the said main axis, and best seen in
figures 2, 5 and 6. 2 is a loop lever, fulcrumed at d³, at its lower end, and jointed
at at its upper end, to the outer end of a plunger rod e², whose inner end e³ is
jointedly connected (trunk like) to a plunger or core e.
Connection between the cam d, and lever d, is made by a stud d', on the inside
edge of the latter, running within the channel de.
The plunger or core e, works within the casing of a he mould, which rises and falls
long ways, within a she or trough shaped mould g, sunk crosswise in the bed a², as best
seen in figures 4, 6, 9, 10 and 11.
Thus the first movement of the machine, is to draw inwards, the plunger e, from the
position as represented in figure 6, to within the enclosing casing of the he mould f,
as represented in the diagramatic view figure 7.
The he mould casing, consists of two tubes, joined at their rear ends, and open at
their front ends, and between which said tubes, the outer enclosing casing of the
plunger e works; and when a box has been formed upon the outside of the mould f,
the outer end of the plunger e, draws the said box, or paper tube, (closed at one end)
from off the said he mould.
Disposed between the, back plate of the framing a, and the channel cam d, is a
box cam h, fast upon the shaft c, and designed for the raising and lowering of the
he mould, which is done through the intervention of levers h³ ³, connected together
by a link, and with the top lever ³, connected to the underside of the mould, by a
jointed link /*.
Connection between the system of jointed compound levers, and the box cam h, is
mado by a stud or pin ho, on the inside face of the said lever h², working within the
channel of the cam; so that on the rotation of the said cam h, the system of levers
is opened out, and the he mould is raised or lowered, or is kept quiescent, during the
making of the end folds. Thus, after a sheet of paper has been placed within a set, on
the bed of the machine, over the she mould, then the he mould descends into the interior
of the she mould, and with the paper blank surrounding the three inner sides of the he
mould, and with the side ends extending vertically upwards, above the bed; and after
the top and end folds have been formed, then the he mould rises out of the she mould,
and when in its raised position, the box or tube thus formed around it, is drawn from
off it, by a pushing out action of the plunger or core.
i is the right-hand top folder, worked from the channel cam 2, mounted on the
main shaft c, through the intervention of an upright lever ³, fulcrumed, at its lower
end, and with a stud or face pin ³, on the said lever *, working within the
channel, of the cam *.
Connection between the underside of the folder i, and the jointed lever, is by
a jointed link, whose outer end 7, is jointedly connected to the underside of the
carrier of the said folder i, which consists of a flat rectangular shaped plate of metal,
working flat upon the bed of the machine, and pressing inwards, and over the end
of the right-hand side of the blank, which thus forms the first side crease, after
the blank has been pressed between the bottoms and sides of the he, and she moulds.
jis the left-hand and top folder, like that of the folder i, which are of the
breadth of the length of the sides of a box or case to be made; that is, the
distance between the front edge and back edge of each folder, is of a depth equal
to the distance from the open mouth, to the part to be folded in, to form the bottom
of the box or case. These top folders are best seen in the diagramatic views
figures 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of the drawings.
The folder is worked from the channel cam, mounted on the same shaft, and at
the back of the cam 3, and through the intervention of an upright lever j³, fulcrumed
at its lower end at 4, and with a stud or face pin 13, carried by the said lever, working
within the channel ji of the cam.
Connection between the underside of the left hand folder ;, and the jointed lever
for the working of it, is made by a link, whose outer end 1, is jointedly connected
to the underside of the carrier of the folder j.

page_text: The right hand folder i moves in advance of the folder j; and on the said folder i,
making the first crease for the forming of the tube, it retires, and is followed up by
the folder j, which turns down and makes the second top fold, thus completing the
formation of the tube, or a case with open ends.
The next process is the folding in of the bottom, which is done by side folders, one,
two, three, and four, as best seen in figures 2, 3, 17, 18 and 20.
No. 1 is the left hand side horizontal folder, worked from No. 2ª box cam, which is
the second cam upon the main shaft c, next to the front face plate.
The side folder 1 is worked from the said cam, through the intervention of a long
link k, jointed at its inner end ², to the slide, and at its outer end 4 to the top of an
upright leverk, whose lower end is jointed at ; and connection between the said
lever, and link with the slide, is made by a stud or pin ko, working within the
channel 2b of the cam 2*.
The horizontal side folder No. 2, is worked by a like cam as that of No. 1. 1" is
the box cam, and forms the first cam on the main shaft c, and comes in front of the
other slide working cam 2°. I is a long link, jointed at its outer end, at 1 to the said
No. 2 folder; and at its inner end to the top of the lever 1, whose lower end 1
is jointed to the fixed framing, like that of the lever . Connection between the
levers and links of folder 2 is made by stud or pin 1, working within the
channel 1b.
Thus, by the rotation of the main shaft c, both folders move inwardly, or approach
each other, but with the No. 1 folder in advance of that of No. 2, until the said No. 1
reaches the middle of the end of the packet, when the other No. 2 folder follows it up,
until the two presented edges nearly meet each other.
m is a top lever-folder, for the folding of the top crease, of the end or bottom
folding, and consists of an arm, with a hanging fork like front m³, disposed at
right angles to the plane of the underside of the other part; and which said
forked, or angle front, makes the top fold, on the closing in, of the bottom, of
the box or case.
This lever-folder, is worked from off the periphery of the box cam 1, by the end
of a lever m³, fulcrumed at m', and kept up to the contour of the said cam, by a
spring m while connection between the inner, and free end of the lever, and the
inner end me, of the folder-lever, is made, by a connecting rod m².
Thus, on the rotation of the cam h, with the shaft c, the fore-part of the folder-
lever, is made to rise and fall, which is governed by the shape of the cam's periphery.
The folding lever descends, for the folding of the top end crease, after the top
horizontal folders, and side vertical folders, have retired.
The next movement is the lower vertical folder, which forms the lower end fold of
the box, and is worked from off the periphery of the No. 1ª cam.
n is the said bottom end folder, consisting of a slide, working through a slot in the
front plate, and with an inwardly extending foot part resting upon the periphery of
the No. 1 cam, and which said bottom folder slide, is kept up to the shape of the cam
by its own weight. This bottom end folder moves upwardly during the time that the
top end fold is being held down at the two opposite sides, as the said returned end of
the folder lever is gapped, so as to admit of the bottom fold to lie flat, on the upward
movement of its folder.
The next movement raises the folder lever, and the he mould with the plunger
within it, to its normal and elevated position above the bed, as represented in
figures 22 and 23, and then when in this elevated position, the plunger unsheaths
itself, and shoots outwardly, with the made box upon its end, which is passed into the
compartment o² of the mould box o, which is directed in a vertical plane. This mould
box consists of a long frame, with equi-distant compartments o³, arranged from end
to end, and wherein the boxes or cases are placed, with their closed ends presented
outwardly, and their mouth ends presented inwardly; this box is lowered inter-
mittently to an extent of one compartment, after the making of each box or case.
p is a shoot or guide, wherein the mould box o, and its carrier q, falls vertically.

page_text: This carrier
has a rack upon its outer side, and ledges 93 at its top and
bottom ends, for the keeping of the said mould in position, with respect to its
carrier.
Working through holes in the side of the shoot, are stops 72, 52, of jointed pawls
or catches r, s, the former swinging upon a fulcrum pin, and the latter turning
uprightly upon a pin s³. The respective stops or teeth alternately engage with, or
come under the shoulders of the teeth of the rack. These said pawls or catches
are governed by face pins or studs &², of a face plate t, which is fast upon, and
turns with the driving axis b. The catches are kept up to the rack teeth, by
springs, s, respectively.
Thus, on the face wheel t being rotated, one of the pins (all of which are moving
in the direction as indicated by the arrow) comes upon the under inclined side of a
snug, of the pawl or catch, and draws the said pawl or catch outwardly, which
allows the mould box and carrier to fall, which is caught by a tooth or snug ³, of the
pawl or catch & passing inwards, when relieved from the influence of the pins or
studs . The next movement draws inwards the lever s, and its tooth or stop s², by
the stud coming upon the underside of the snug s¹; and as the stud which drew
outwardly the pawl has retired, the tooth or stop of the said pawl, now moves
inwardly, and forms the next stop, for limiting the lowering of the mould box, as it
will be thus seen,
that the stops of these pawls or catches act alternately, and allow
the mould box to fall intermittently, to the extent of a compartment.
u is the pasting roller, which is worked from studs u¹, on the inside face of the
intermediate wheel 6, driven by the driving shaft b.
The roller u, which is brought intermittently upon the top inside edge of the blank
to be subsequently transformed into a box or case, is carried at the lower end of a
slotted arm u², whose slot u³, works over a fixed pin u*, and with the lower end of the
said arm jointed to a crank or link bar u³.
The arm u is worked through the intervention of a long link u, whose outer end
is jointedly connected to the top end of a rocking lever u', fulcrumed at u³.
Below the fulcrum of the said rocking lever u', is a standing out snug u³, whose
inner face is inclined, and against which, the pins u¹ come, on the turning of the
wheel be, as indicated by the direction of the arrow.
The pins u¹, on advancing with the wheel, come against, and travel up the incline
of the snug u, and at the same time press back the lower end of the rocking lever u',
and through the lever us, the roller u is taken out of the paste or gum trough w, when
it falls by its own weight upon the paper to be pasted, and after pasting, it is again
returned, by the spring v, which has become distended by the rocking of the
lever u.
The action of the machine, is as follows, on the parts taking the positions as
represented at figures 1, 3, 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings.
The pulling of the lever 65, from right to left, first turns the drive disc 63, then the
driving axis b, upon which it is mounted, whose rotation turns the spur wheel 66, and
one of the pins u¹, which has travelled part of the way, down the incline of the
snug u³, now proceeds further, and by its motion, it gives a further outward move-
ment to the lowering of the rocking arm, which through the intervention of the links
and arms q, u, u, the roller wis lowered and brought down near the edge of a blank of
paper placed within the set, and over the she mould, and on the said pin escaping
from the snug, the pasting roller is then brought back by the tension of the spring v,
into the trough, through the operating links, arms and levers as aforesaid.
At the same time that the said pasting roller is lowered, so the plunger e is taken
and sheathed within the he mould f, by the moving outwards of the looped lever d³,
actuated by the channel cam d; this completes the first motion.
The next motion is the falling of the he mould f into the she mould, with the
middle part of the paper or straw-board blank y encircling the bottoms and sides of
the he and she moulds respectively, as best seen in the diagramatic views, longitudinal
sections and elevations figures 8 and 9. The lowering of the said mould to the
position as last indicated, is determined by the pin or stud ½º of the lever h³, working
B
'

page_text: within the channel 17 of the box cam h. The movement of the said cam also
lowers the top folder lever, so as to be ready to operate on its allotted time
arriving.
The third movement is the traversing forward of the top folder slides i and j. Thus,
the continued movement of the main lever and driving axis, which communicates its
motion to the main axis c through the toothed wheel 6, and pinion c³, gives an
advancing movement to the right-hand folder i, through the intervention of the
cam ; this folds down the right hand side of the blank, as represented in figure 10,
and when in this position, the left hand folder ; advances, until it gets within a short
distance of the edge of the other folder, which then retires, leaving the said left hand
folder upon the first and second side folds, thus making or transforming the blank
into a tube, which encircles the he mould, as represented in figures 11 and 12.
Figure 13 represents a top side plan and section of the said tube; this completes the
fourth movement.
The fifth movement is the advancing of the side folders, for the gathering in of the
.end of the tube into a closed bottom; this is done by the No. 1 side folder advancing,
folding and creasing flat to the end of the plunger or core, the left hand side of the
open end, and then by a further movement, the advancing of the No. 2 side folder,
on the right hand side, so as to thereby partially close in the open end, as represented
in figures 14 and 15. During the time that these said side folders 1 and 2 advance,
the left hand top folder j remains quiescent, and upon the top of the folder box or
case. Figure 16 represents an end view of the partially folded in end.
The next movement is the retirement of the top folder j, and the end folders 1
and 2; the folder 1 retires in advance of that of 2. These folders are worked by the
channel cams as aforesaid.
The next movement is the falling of the folder lever m, with its angled and gapped
end, pressing down, and creasing the top fold, as represented in end elevation
figure 17, and longitudinal section figure 18; and which said partially folded end as
produced by the last movement, is represented at figure 19.
The next movement is while the folder bar m remains quiescent, the bottom folder
slide n, moves upwards, and makes the fourth fold, whose point part passes midway
between the gap of the end of the folder lever, as represented in the end elevation
figure 20, of which figure 21 represents an end view of the case.
The end having thus been closed or gathered in, the further movement of the main
axis through the driving axis, causes the top and bottom end folders to retire, and the
he mould to rise, with a formed box or case upon its end, into the position as
represented in figure 2, and when in this position, the still further advancing
movement of the main axis, causes the plunger or core e to be shot outwardly, thereby
drawing the formed box or case from off the he mould, and placing the same into
one of the compartments of the mould box, as represented in figure 23; and when
the said mould-box has been filled, it is removed, and an empty one placed in its
stead.
Instead of the mould-box being worked or advanced vertically, by the gravitating
effect of its own weight, it may be advanced horizontally, by feed or advancing
mechanism, working in unison with the other parts of the machine.
my
said
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. Making, or forming paper, cardboard or straw board boxes, or other like
enclosures, as herein described, by means of, or by the aid of, he and she moulds fg,
which are arranged and work substantially as described and set forth.
Secondly. The combination with a rising and falling he mould f, of an internal
plunger or core e working telescopically within the said mould f, and whereby, a
formed box, case or other enclosure, is drawn or forced from off its mould, sub-
stantially as described and set forth.
Thirdly. Making the he mould rise from out of and fall into the she mould, with

page_text: the blank between them, thus forming thereby, the bottom, and sides, of the intended
box or enclosure to be made as set forth.
Fourthly. Forming the top side folds, of paper boxes, and the like, by top folder
plates ij moving upon the bed of the machine and working over the open top, of the
she mould substantially as and for the purpose as described and set forth.
Fifthly. The combination with she and he moulds of top slide folders, which
approach and recede in unison, but with one of them in advance of the other.
Sixthly. Forming two first and opposite end folds of the paper box or other
enclosure by means of side folder slides 1, 2 working in unison with each other but
with one of them moving in advance of the other, substantially as set forth.
Seventhly. Forming or making the top end fold by a folder lever m m² fulcrumed
and working in unison with the other folders as set forth.
Eighthly Gapping out the middle of the end m² of the lever folder m, whereby
the said top end fold is formed creased and held and the lower end fold (subsequently
formed) allowed to fall into position as set forth.
Ninthly Making or forming the lower end and last fold by a folder slide n moving
into position when the top lever folder is quiescent as in figure 17, substantially as
described and set forth.
Tenthly. The combination of the top folders ij, side and folders 1, 2 and top and
bottom end folders m m² n, and which said folder parts work in unison with each
other and for the purpose substantially as set forth.
Eleventhly. In a paper box, or other like enclosure making machine, the means
herein described for the working of the he mould and the plunger or core working
telescopically within it as set forth.
Twelfthly. The means herein described for the working of the top folder slides, the
side folder slides and the top and bottom end folders.
Thirteenthly. The means for working and the arrangement of the parts for
operating the pasting roller which is brought intermittently from the paste receptacle
to the blank to be pasted, as set forth.
Fourteenthly. The mechanism and means for lowering intermittently the mould
box o as set forth.
Fifteenthly. Providing the mould box o with the carrier and rack 9, whereby
the said mould box is lowered to the extent of one compartment on each box being
formed.
Sixteenthly. The combination with the face wheel t studs t³ and pawls or catches
and springs r, rpol puå prẻ pot s st gå gås of a rack and carrier 9 9' and mould box o as
set forth.
Lastly. The improvement or improvements in machinery for making or forming
paper card board or straw board boxes, or other like enclosures as herein described
and illustrated in the several figures of the drawing and which said parts are
constructed, arranged, and work, and operate, and are operated in the manner and by
the means as herein described and set forth.
Dated this Seventeenth day of February 1888