IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS OR MACHINERY FOR THE TREATMENT OF FIBRE AND Manufacture of Pulp, and in thE RECOVERY OF CHEMICALS USED.
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Carl Heinrich Roeckner, of Newcastle-on-Tyne,
in the County of Northumberland, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS OR MACHINERY FOR THE TREATMENT
OF FIBRE AND Manufacture of Pulp, and in thE RECOVERY OF CHEMICALS
USED.
"
Sealed the 21st May 1875, and dated the 1st December 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Carl Heinrich Roeckner
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 1st December 1874.
I, CARL HEINRICH ROECKNER, of Newcastle-on-Tyne, in the County
of Northumberland, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for “IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS OR MACHINERY FOR THE
TREATMENT OF FIBRE AND MANufacture of Pulp, and IN THE RECOVERY OF
CHEMICALS USED," to be as follows:-
The first part of my Invention consists in the employment in boilers
or vessels for the manufacture of pulp of a propeller resembling a screw
propeller, capable of giving to the pulp an upward direction when rotary

page_text: motion is imparted to said propeller. I mount the propeller on a shaft
to which rotary motion is imparted. Above the propeller inside the
boiler I have a chamber or uptake through which the stuff is caused to
pass up, and to fall over the top of same, and to return to bottom of
boiler between the outside of uptake and inside of boiler. The propeller
may however be used without the uptake if desired. At or near the
bottom of the boiler I introduce a stuff discharge pipe to close or open
by means of a valve or cock, through which the fibres can be run off or
washed out of the boiler without manual labour.
The second part of my Invention consists in placing fibre boilers in a
diagonal position, having rotary motion imparted to them. These boilers
may contain a spiral or other agitator, which causes the stuff to be stirred
up and kept in continual agitation as the boiler revolves.
The third part of my Invention has reference to a method of getting
rid of material injurious to paper making, such as the oily, greasy,
or resinous matters contained in cotton waste, palm leaves, and the like.
This I accomplish by causing the said oily, greasy, resinous, or other
refuse matter to boil over from the boiler, or when the liquor boils I
remove said refuse materials by skimming them off the surface thereof.
The fourth part of my Invention refers to the construction and
arrangement of rotary strainers. For this purpose instead of obtaining
a suction by means of bellows or pumps, as heretofore, I obtain the
suction according to my Invention by means of an oscillating fan which
is not liable to get out of order. Outside or upon the strainer plates I
fix diagonal blades or a worm, by means of which the knots or other
impurities are driven or propelled from the inlet to the overflow part of
the vat, and by these means the impurities are prevented from collecting
inside the vat.
The fifth-and last part of my Invention refers to the mode and means
employed for recovering the chemicals used during the boiling process
in the treatment of fibre or manufacture of pulp. For this purpose I
employ tanks made of iron having two or more compartments, one below
the other, each compartment communicating with the roaster and furnace
flues. The tanks are filled with liquor, and the heat from the furnace
passes while circulating under and through each tank compartment,
both top and bottom. I make the roaster wholly or partially of hollow
iron boxes, connected with the tank so as to be continually filled with

page_text: liquor, which while being evaporated protects the boxes from being
burnt out. The ley or liquor being sufficiently evaporated upon the
roaster, forming a thick mass, is then drawn off to the calciner, which
forms the bottom of the apparatus and is in immediate communication
with the furnace.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Carl Heinrich Roeckner in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 1st June 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CARL
HEINRICH ROECKNER, of Newcastle-on-Tync, in the County of North-
umberland, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Carl Heinrich Roeckner, Her
special licence that I, the said Carl Heinrich Roeckner, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Carl Heinrich
Roeckner, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, tlic Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS OR MACHINERY
FOR THE TREATMENT OF FIBRE AND MANUFACTURE OF PULP, AND IN. THE RECOVERY
OF CHEMICALS USED," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Carl Heinrich Roeckner, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Carl Heinrich Roeckner, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same

page_text: is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings and to the letters of reference marked' thereon, that is to
say:―
.
The first part of my Invention consists in the employment in boilers &
or vessels for the manufacture of pulp of a propeller resembling a screw
propeller, so constructed as to give to the pulp an upward direction
when rotary motion is imparted to said propeller. I mount the propeller
on a shaft to which rotary motion is imparted. Above the propeller
inside the boiler I have a chamber or uptake through which the stuff is 1
caused to pass up and to fall over the top of same, and to return to
bottom of boiler between the outside of uptake and inside of boiler. The
propeller may however be used without the uptake if desired. At or
near the bottom of the boiler I introduce a stuff discharge pipe, to close
or open by means of a valve or cock, through which the fibres can be
run off or washed out of the boiler without manual labour.
Figure 1 of the accompaying Drawings is a view in vertical section of
a boiler constructed according to this part of my Invention, and showing
sufficient in order to illustrate how this first part of my Invention is to
be carried into effect. A. is the propeller; B is the chamber or uptake;
O, the fibre discharge pipe; and D its cock or valve. The action of the
boiler is clear from the foregoing description and Drawing, and therefore
requires no further description here.
The second part of my Invention consists in placing fibre boilers in a
diagonal position, having rotary motion imparted to them. These boilers
may contain a spiral or other agitator, which causes the stuff to be
stirred up and kept in continual agitation as the boiler revolves.
Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of a boiler illustrating this part of my
Invention. E is the boiler, sct diagonally, to which rotary motion is
imparted by bevil gearing, as shown, or by other convenient means.
The diagonal position of the boiler or the angle at which it is set may be
varied. F is the agitator whereby the fibres are drawn upwards near
the circumference, dropping down again through the centre by their
gravity, so that any required degree of agitation can be given during
boiling under pressure as well as during the process of washing.
The third part of my Invention has reference to a method of getting
rid of material injurious to paper making, such as the oily, greasy, or
.

page_text: resinous matters contained in cotton waste, palm leaves, and the like.
This I accomplish by causing the said oily, greasy, resinous, or other
refuse matters to boil over from the boiler, or when the liquor boils-I
remove the said refuse materials by skimming off the surface thereof.
The fourth part of my Invention refers to the construction and
arrangement of rotary strainers. For this purpose instead of obtaining
a suction by means of bellows or pumps as heretofore I obtain the
suction, according to my Invention, by means of an oscillating fan,
which is not liable to get out of order. Outside or upon the strainer
plates I fix diagonal blades or a worm, by means of which the knots or
other impurities are driven or propelled from the inlet to the overflow
part of the vat, and by these means the impurities are prevented from
collecting inside the vat.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal and Figure 4 is a vertical cross section of
an oscillating fan and a worm constructed according to this part of my
Invention. G shows the fan, which may consist of one or more arms,
either straight or curved, to which an oscillating motion is given, thereby
creating any amount of suction without the liability of the fan getting
out of order like bellows or pumps; H, H, are the blades forming a
worm, dividing the vat V into several compartments. The pulp thus
passing from one compartment into the other goes through the strainer
plates, while the knots and impurities are gradually removed to the
opposite end of the vat, where they are thrown out as fast as collected,
thus preventing a collection of knots in the vat and thereby preventing
the necessity of running off the vat so frequently as heretofore.
The fifth and last part of my Invention refers to the mode and means
employed for recovering the chemicals used during the boiling process
in the treatment of fibre or manufacture of pulp. For this purpose I
employ tanks made of iron having two or more compartments, one below
the other, each compartment communicating with the roaster and
furnace flues. The tanks are filled with liquor and the heat from the
furnace passes while circulating under and through cach tank compart-
ment, both top and bottom. I make the roaster wholly or partially of
hollow iron boxes, connected with the tank so as to be continually filled
with liquor, which while being evaporated protects the boxes from being
burnt out. The ley or liquor being sufficiently evaporated upon the
roaster, forming a thick mass, is then drawn off to the calciner which

page_text: forms the bottom of the apparatus and is in immediate communication
with the furnace.
Figure 5 is an end view, partly in section, and Figure 6 is a longi-
tudinal section of this apparatus for recovering the chemicals as afore-
said. A shows the tank with compartments; B, B, are the circulating
boxes, which through pipes p, p', communicate with the top tank con-
taining the weakest liquor.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as my
improvements in the mode of and apparatus or machinery for the treat-
ment of fibre and manufacture of pulp and in the recovery of chemicals
used,―
First. The employment in boilers or vessels for the manufacture of
pulp of a propeller and discharge valve, substantially in manner and for
the purposes described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
Second. The employment of boilers set in a diagonal position, to
which rotary motion is imparted substantially in manner and for the
purposes described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
Third. The removing of greasy matters from fibre, substantially as
described.
Fourth. The production of the sucking action in strainers in and by
the employment of a fan, as also the worm-like arrangement for keeping
the strainer free from knots or impurities, as described.
Fifth. The employment of circulating boxes or pipes for the recovery
of the chemicals used, constructed and acting substantially as herein-
before described with reference to the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whercof, I, the said Carl Heinrich Roeckner, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of May,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.