Improvements in and relating to Vapour Burners.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Feb., 1890-Accepted, 15th Mar., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Vapour Burners.
I, LEWIS STALEY CALDER, residing at Terre Haute, in the County of Vigo
and State of Indiana, one of the United States of America, Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in vapor burners,
and it consists substantially in such features of arrangement, construction and
combinations of parts as will hereinafter be fully described and pointed out in the
claims.
The invention has for its object to provide a vapor burner in which oil vapor
is first generated, then superheated and conducted to a point of ignition where it
is burned with atmospheric air for the purposes of heating and cooking.
The invention has for its further object to provide a vapor burner in which
little or no condensation of the vapor takes place, and also to render the burner
of economic construction, easy to manipulate, and readily repaired when out of
order, substantially as will hereinafter more fully appear on reference to the
accompanying drawings, wherein―
Figure 1, represents a vertical sectional elevation of a vapor burner constructed
in accordance with my invention, and-
Figure 2, is a view in perspective of the several parts constituting my improved
vapor burner, the said parts being separated from each other and relatively
arranged so as to enable their construction to be seen and understood.
Figure 3, is a top or plan view of the mixing chamber, and―
Figure 4, is a view of such chamber to indicate the arrangement and working
of the rod which enters the same from the side.
In carrying my invention into effect I arrange a portion of the oil supply-pipe
in such proximity to the side of the burner proper as that it becomes very highly
heated after the vaporization has been started, and as this portion of the supply-
pipe is always in direct contact with the flames issuing from the burner, the same
thereby becomes a generating chamber. The said generator is fitted in the side of
a super-heating chamber into which the vapor passes and becomes super-heated
before passing to the jet or point of ignition.
I provide a mixing chamber preferably of conical form, having air inlets, and pro-
vided at its lower end with a hollow neck that is slightly contracted centrally so as to
form a guide for the passage of the pipe which leads downward from the bottom of the
super-heater, and also to leave an open chimney or inlet for the passage of air from
beneath and at a point contiguous to the jet or flame.
Surrounding the super-heater and supported on top of the mixing chamber is a
perforated hood or spreader provided with legs to maintain the same slightly above
the top of said mixing chamber so as to leave open spaces all around for the air to be
spread outwardly and burned in a manner hereinafter more fully understood.
Entering the mixing chamber from one side is a rod or valve by means of which
the passage of air up through the mixing chamber is retarded sufficiently long to
enable a most thorough and complete admixture of the air and oil vapor, thereby
securing perfect combustion of every particle of gas.
Reference being had to the several parts of the drawings by the letters marked
thereon A, represents the mixing chamber that is preferably conical in form, and
having a lower neck, a, that is slightly contracted at, b, so as to form a guide, c, for
the passage of the pipe, d, leading from the bottom of the super-heater, B, and also to
leave an open flue or chimney, e, to admit air immediately over the jet orifice, f. This
mixing chamber is provided in its top with an opening, 9, that is approximately oval

page_text: in shape, the same being in line with both the guide, c, and the chimney, e. Said
opening is sufficiently large to leave a space all around the pipe, d, so as to be entirely
enveloped by the burning gas or vapor.
Extending upwardly from the top of the mixing chamber, A, is a bracket, h, which
receives the upper portion of the generating supply-pipe, and thus serves to support
both the super-heater, B, and the said pipe in position.
The mixing chamber is further provided with a series of openings, i, for admitting
air to the interior thereof, and entering the said chamber from one side is a small
rod, j, which passes through a plane intersecting a vertical plane taken through the
opening, g, and by means of this rod the currents of air entering the mixing chamber
from the sides and bottom will be broken or retarded to such an extent as to cause a
thorough admixture of the air and gas.
C, represents a hood or spreader that is formed with the legs, m, which are recessed
at, n, so as to fit upon the upper edge of the mixing chamber and be thereby supported
above the said mixing chamber in the manner shown in Figure 1. This construction
leaves open spaces, o, out through which the combined air and gas will be spread in
such manner as to cover a very large surface and create an intense heat. Flames
will also issue through the perforations, s, in said hood, and it will be apparent that
superior results can be attained through the medium of such simple apparatus and
small amount of fuel.
The mixing chamber is also notched or cut out at, u, so as to fit around the supply-
pipe and hold the same snugly in place.
In the drawings I have shown the side of the mixing chamber as provided with a
projection, t, this being to enable the burner to be attached to a support, such for
instance, as in Figure 1. In this figure I have shown the burner as being arranged
beneath the top or table, D, of an ordinary vapor stove, this being one of the uses for
which my invention is intended.
From the foregoing description it will be seen that a clean, neat and simple form
of burner is had, and it is obvious that immaterial changes could be resorted to in the
general construction and arrangement of parts without departing from the invention,
hence I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the precise details of
construction and arrangement shown.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First. In a vapor burner, the combination with the conical mixing chamber having
the air flue and guide, and provided with air inlets, of the super-heater having a
depending tube entering the guide, and the perforated hood or spreader having the
supporting legs, said mixing chamber being provided in its top with the oval shaped
opening, substantially as described.
Second. In a vapor burner, the conical mixing chamber having a series of air
inlets and formed with the guide and air flue, the same having also in its top a double
or approximately elliptical shaped opening, substantially as described.
Third. In a vapor burner, the combination with the conical mixing chamber having
the air flue and guide, and provided with air inlets, of the super-heater having a
depending tube entering the guide, the perforated hood or spreader having the
supporting legs, and the rod entering the mixing chamber, substantially as and for
the purpose described.
Dated this 11th day of February 1890.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.