IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES PAR CHAIN HAY DATE AND ORDER VERADO PAD MAY, SURAW, AND OFFER VESERADEN CHROMATIONS " PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Francis Richmond, Henry Chandler, and James
Gadsby Richmond, all of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Agricultural
Implement Makers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES
PAR CHAIN HAY DATE AND ORDER VERADO
PAD
MAY, SURAW, AND OFFER VESERADEN CHROMATIONS
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Francis Richmond, Henry
Chandler, and James Gadsby Richmond at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 1st June 1865.
We, FRANCIS RICHMOND, HENRY CHANDLER, and JAMES GADSBY RICHMOND,
all of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Agricultural Implement Makers,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINES FOR CUTTING HAY, STRAW, AND OTHER VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES," to be
as follows:-
The first part of our Invention consists in applying a moveable or ex-
panding jaw to the mouth-piece of machines for cutting hay, straw, or other
vegetable substances, which jaw swivels upon or is hinged to the axle of the
upper toothed roller, and is pressed down so as to securely hold the vegetable

page_text: substances while being cut by a curved spiral spring, or other suitable springs
or weights.
The second part of our Invention consists in an improved arrangement of
gearing for driving the toothed rollers, so as to vary their speed, and thereby
cut chaff of different lengths. To the fly wheel shaft are fixed two bevel
pinions gearing into two wheels of different diameters, one of which is, keyed
to while the other is loose on the line shaft, and these two wheels are con-
nected when required by clutch boxes. When the clutch boxes are in gear,
and the larger wheel is being driven, the line shaft imparts a slow motion to
the toothed rollers by the usual change spur wheel and pinion, and when the
clutch boxes are out of gear, and the smaller wheel on the line shaft is being
driven, the toothed rollers revolve at a greater speed. The line shaft is moved
to and fro in the direction of its axis to bring the clutch boxes into or out of
gear by a starting rod, which is acted upon by an eccentric and handle, or in
any other convenient manner.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Francis Richmond, Henry Chandler, and James Gadsby
Richmond in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd November 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, FRANCIS
RICHMOND, HENRY CHANDLER, and JAMES GADSBY RICHMOND, all of Salford,
in the County of Lancaster, Agricultural Implement Makers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Francis Richmond, Henry Chandler, and James Gadsby Richmond, Her
special license that we, the said Francis Richmond, Henry Chandler, and
James Gadsby Richmond, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Francis Richmond, Henry Chandler, and James Gadsby
Richmond, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINES FOR CUTTING HAY, STRAW, AND OTHER VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES," upon

page_text: the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Francis Richmond, Henry
Chandler, and James Gadsby Richmond, our executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of our or their bands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Francis Richmond, Henry Chandler,
and James Gadsby Richmond, do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be par
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement (that
is to say):-
:-
The first part of our Invention consists in applying a moveable or ex-
panding jaw to the mouth-piece of machines for cutting hay, straw, and other
vegetable substances, which jaw. swivels upon or is hinged to the axle of the
upper toothed roller, and is pressed down so as to securely hold the vegetable
substances while being cut by a curved spiral spring, or other suitable springs
or weights.
The second part of our Invention consists in an improved arrangement of
geering for driving the toothed rollers, so as to vary their speed, and thereby
to cut chaff of different lengths. To the fly wheel shaft are fixed two bevel
pinions geering into two wheels of different diameters, one of which is keyed
to while the other is loose on the line shaft, and these two wheels are con-
nected when required by clutch boxes. When the clutch boxes are in gear,
and the larger wheel is being driven, the line shaft imparts a slow motion to
the toothed rollers by the usual change spur wheels and pinions, and when
the clutch boxes are out of gear, and the smaller wheel on the line shaft is
being, driven, the toothed rollers revolve at a greater speed. The line shaft is
moved to and fro in the direction of its axis to bring the clutch boxes into or
out of gear by a starting rod, which is acted upon by an eccentric and handle,
or in any other convenient manner.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood, and readily
carried into, operation, we will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings, reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is an end view, Figure 2 is a back view, and Figure 3 a plan of
a machine for cutting hay, straw, and other vegetable substances, to which
our improvements are applied.
a is the lower toothed feed roller; b, the upper toothed feed roller; c, the

page_text: driving shaft, to which is keyed the fly wheel 'd, with the cutting blades; e is
the feeding plate, and f is the lower plate of the mouth-piece, as shewn by
dotted lines in Figure'1; the parts above enumerated and the apparatus for
weighting the upper roller b are made as beretofore customary...
וי
The first part of our Invention is constructed in the following manner :-
To the axle of the roller bis hinged the segmental plate 9, shewn in dotted
lines in Figure 1, and to this segmental plate is secured the plate h, forming
the upper part of the mouth-piece; the plate h is held down by the spring i,
one end of which is secured to the.cross bar j connecting the two side bars of
the frame in which the roller b revolves, and the other end is secured to the
stud g' projecting from the segmental plate g. By means of this moveable or
expanding jaw swivelling upon the axle of the roller b the vegetable sub-
stances are securely held while being cut.
The second part of our Invention is constructed in the following manner :-
To the fly wheel shaft c are fixed the two bevel pinions & and 1, see Figure 3,
the former gearing into the large wheel k, which is loose on the line shaft m,
and the latter into the smaller wheel l', which is keyed on the shaft m. To
the wheels and l'are cast clutches, forming when together a clutch box.
The line shaft m transmits, its motion to the feed rollers a and b by the change
pinion m³, and the usual wheels and pinions shewn in the Drawing, and it is
moved endwise by means of the handle o, eccentric stud o¹, and starting
rod o, which is connected to the shaft m by the bracket σ'. The Drawing
represents these parts in the positions they occupy when no motion is trans-
mitted to the line shaft, but when the attendant moves the handle o into the
position shewn by dotted lines in Figure 3, the line shaft m is moved endwise
sufficiently to bring the wheel 1 into gear with the pinion 7, the driving shaft
then transmits the quicker rotary motion to the rollers for cutting coarse
chaff, but if the handle o be moved one-fourth round in the direction of the
arrow the line shaft m draws the wheel out of gear with the pinion l, and
the clutches on the wheel l' into gear with the clutches on the wheel k¹, con-
sequently the pinion k now drives the shaft m, and by it the rollers a and b
at the reduced speed for cutting short chaff. These variations in the speeds
of tho rollers a and b can be made without stopping the machine.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention, and described the manner
of performing the same, we declare that we claim,-
First, the improved mode of constructing the moveable jaw of the mouth-
piece of machines for cutting hay, straw, and other vegetable substances, as
shewn and described.

page_text: And, secondly, the improved arrangement of gearing for driving at different
velocities the feed rollers of machines for cutting hay, straw, and other
vegetable substances, as shewn and described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Francis Richmond, Henry Chandler,
and James Gadsby Richmond, have hereunto set our hands and seals,
this Fourteenth day of November, One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-five
FRANCIS RICHMOND. (L.s.)
HENRY CHANDLER.
(L.S.)
JAMES G. RICHMOND. (L.s.)
FRANCIS RICHMOND. (L.s.)
HENRY CHANDLER.
(L.S.)
JAMES G. RICHMOND. (L.B.)