Year: 1899

page_text: I, MAX KÖNIG, of Gross-Lichterfelde, near Berlin, Chausseestrasse 109b,
in the Empire of Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows:
This invention relates to apparatus for drying grain and other materials. The
said apparatus is fitted with troughs which may or may not be heated, and which
are furnished with internally arranged agitators or scoop-mechanism provided
with internal stationary heaters around which the agitators are caused to revolve.
The action of the mechanism is such that the material to be dried is lifted
by the scoops and spread thereby over the heater where it slides along adjust-
able sections of the latter and finally returns or falls into its trough. By alter-
ing the inclination of the said sections of the heater the material will be caused
to slide more or less rapidly over the heating surface, that is to say, the material
will remain in contact with the said heating surface for a longer or shorter
period. The passage of the material in the apparatus takes place at a uniform
specd, for each particular inclination of the heating sections, through the action
of the scoops of the agitator.
One object of this invention is to enable the speed of material which is more
or less moist, to be altered independently of the agitator or scoop-mechanism
and also independently of the inclination given to the sections of the heater.
To this end the various sections of the heaters disposed within the drums and
scoop-mechanism, are arranged to receive between them pivotally suspended iron
strips adapted to be adjusted to various inclinations without the necessity of
having to open the apparatus. These strips or baffle-plates furthermore are used
for completely emptying the apparatus after drying one material, when it is
desired to dry a different kind of material.
A further improvement in connection with this apparatus is that the ventilat-
ing air-current produced by the action of the chimney may be utilized before
entering the drying apparatus to cool or refrigerate the material which is being
discharged from the latter and to remove any moisture from such material. In
order to more speedily remove such moisture from the material it is advantageous to
cover the conveyor or baffle plates of a drum disposed below, the last drying-trough
with sack-cloth or similar material.
Dated this 14th day of December 1899
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Apparatus for Drying train and other materials.
I, MAX KÖNIG, residing at 109b, Chausseestrasse, Grosslichterfelde, near Berlin,
Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement: —
This invention relates to apparatus for drying grain and other materials. The
said apparatus is fitted with troughs which may or may not be heated, and which
are furnished with internally arranged agitators or scoop-mechanism provided
with internal stationary heaters around which the agitators are caused to revolve.
The action of the mechanism is such that the material to be dried is lifted
by the scoops and spread thereby over the heater where it slides along adjust-
able sections of the latter and finally returns or falls into its trough. By alter-
nating the inclination of the said sections of the heater the material will be caused
to slide more or less rapidly over the heating surface, that is to say the material
will remain in contact with the heating surface for a longer or, shorter
period. The passage of the material in the apparatus takes place at a uniform
speed, for each particular inclination of the heating sections, through the action
of the scoops of the agitator.
One object of this invention is to enable the speed of material which is more
or less moist, to be altered independently of the agitator or scoop-mechanisın
and also independently of the inclination given to the sections of the heater.
To this end the various sections of the heaters disposed within the drums and
scoop-mechanism, are arranged to receive between them pivotally suspended iron
strips adapted to be adjusted to various inclinations without the necessity of
having to open the apparatus. These strips or baffle plates furthermore are used
for completely emptying the apparatus after drying one material when it is
desired to dry a different kind of material.
A further improvement in connection with this apparatus is that the ventilat-
ing air-current produced by the action of the chimney may be utilised before
entering the drying-apparatus to cool or refrigerate the material which is being
discharged from the latter and to remove any moisture from such material.
order to more speedily remove such moisture from the material it is advantageous to
cover the conveyor or baffle plates of a drum disposed below the last drying trough
with sack-cloth or similar material.
In
The invention will be readily understood by referring to the accompanying
drawings, in which
Figs. 1 and 1 are the two halves of a vertical longitudinal section of the
improved apparatus and
Figure 2 is a cross-section of the same.
The apparatus comprises two superposed troughs m adapted to be heated and
fitted with agitators e having scoops g, and heaters a adjustable with regard
to their inclination. The troughs m are supported upon a strong frame while the
agitators e supported by flanges f run on rollers r arranged at the exterior of the
troughs; their internal heaters being independently supported upon externally
arranged standards d
Within the spaces provided between the various sections of the heater are
located iron strips or baffle plates 6 suspended upon pivots u and adapted to be
adjusted in a forward or rearward direction. Below the heaters are situated the
means for adjusting the position of the baffle plates 6 to any desired inclination.
The adjusting means consist of frame plates i formed with eyes or sockets which

page_text: slide upon guide bars j, and attached to these plates are draw-bars p, projecting
through one end of the trough, to allow of moving such plates from the exterior
of the apparatus in such a manner as to cause finger-pieces provided on the
plates to bear against the strips or plates 6 and thus hold these latter at any
desired inclination.
This arrangement may be obviously modified in such a manner that the adjust-
ing device will be arranged in the upper part of the agitator and the pivots of
the baffle plates at the bottom thereof.
The scoops g of the agitator e for picking up the material in the troughs and
distributing it over the surfaces formed by the sections of the heater a also
serve in this case to convey the materials along the interior of the apparatus.
This transmission of the material by the scoops y usually takes place at a
uniform speed independent of the fact that the material may have different
degrees of moisture, and that naturally the most moist material should remain
for a longer period in the apparatus to enable it to dry, while the less, moist
material should be caused to pass out more rapidly to prevent it being dried
beyond the desired degree.
By a suitable adjustment of the strips 6 between the sections of the heaters a
more rapid, or a slower transmission of the material in the apparatus may be
secured independently of the agitator or scoop-mechanism and in an easy and
expeditious manner without the necessity of opening the apparatus. For somewhat
dry materials the strips or baffle plates are set to an incline in the direction of
travel as indicated in full lines in Figs. 1 and 1" of the drawings, while for com-
paratively moist materials the inclination of the strips or baffle plates bis
reversed so that they incline in the opposite direction to that of the travel of the
material as shown, in dotted lines.
In the first case the material or rather a portion of it moves quickly forward
at intervals along the strips or baffle plates b in the direction of its travel
thereby accelerating the transmission in the drying apparatus, but in the second
case the material is moved rearward to some extent and in this manner retards
the transmission in the apparatus.
The strips or baffle plates 6 are furthermore of importance when it is required
to discharge the whole of the grain or other material from the apparatus in
order to treat another kind of grain or in general when it is desired to treat
different materials in succession.
the
The agitators or scoop-mechanism alone cannot completely discharge
materials from the apparatus owing to the decrease in the speed of travel after
the feeding of the material is interrupted until finally the transmission of, material
entirely ceases directly the level of the accumulated material sinks to a certain
point. After this the scoops continue to lift the material, but as no further
feeding of material takes place there is no forward pressure so that the material
merely falls back into the same place in the apparatus without being conveyed
forward.
By setting the strips 6 at a suitable angle in the direction of travel of the
material it will be possible for the strips b to convey and clear the very last part
of material from the apparatus as the said strips act independently of the scoop
mechanism in conveying the said material.
The arrangement composed of the parts already described are completed, so
as to constitute the drying apparatus, by the provision of the side walls v
and w, front and rear walls and cover l, such parts enclosing the space around
and above the troughs m and the agitators and heaters. The cover is pro-
vided with a chimney which may if desired, have a fan for drawing off the steam
arising from the drying materials and for creating an air-current.
In the lower part of the apparatus, below the troughs m is arranged a drum t
for use in case the dried material, such as grain after its discharge from the
drving apparatus proper becomes moist by cooling. This drum t, which is con-
structed of perforated sheet iron or narrow-mesh woven wire, and which like the

page_text: agitators e is rotatably supported by flanges h upon rollers r, is utilized for
cooling the material and for removing moisture therefrom. This result is effected
by means of baffle plates n arranged in the interior of the drum t and adapted
to lift the material and allow it to fall again while at the same time a ventilating
current of air created by the chimney above the cover l, passes through the drum
and through the grain or the like, thereby cooling the latter and removing the
moisture therefrom.
The baffle-plates n in the drum may with advantage be covered with sack-
cloth or similar material which absorbs the moisture from the grain while resting
upon or sliding over the said plates n, so that the grain is, so to speak, dried by
the covering material. The moisture absorbed by the cloth evaporates and is
carried off by the current of air.
The said current is also utilized for ventilating the drying compartments in
the following manner:
The apparatus has on both sides vand,w wooden walls y having spaces between
them the space outside the wall being completely closed while that outside
the wall is provided at the top with apertures which serve as air inlets for
the ventilating air current as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 2.
The air current passes downward through the space between the wooden wall y
and, thereby absorbing heat from the latter, and then into the perforated
drum t. A deflecting plate q is so arranged as to compel the air-current to pass
through the drum and cool and free the material therein from moisture.
As the air by this means becomes partly or wholly saturated with moisture it
will be necessary to heat the same in order to render it capable of absorbing
more moisture in passing through the drying apparatus. For this purpose the
apparatus is so arranged that the air after passing through the drum t impinges
against the lower portion of the trough m and if desired also against heating
tubes s whereby it absorbs the radiated heat from such trough and tubes. The
air then passes through holes o in the wall w into the drying chamber above the
lower trough. When the apparatus is provided with two troughs with agitators
and heaters a, as shown, the air current is caused to pass crosswise above the
lower trough thereby carrying off the moisture rising from, the material therein.
The air then passes upwards along the upper trough and towards the cover
carrying off the moisture arising from the material in the upper trough and
finally escaping as a mixture of air and moisture through the chimney.
When the drying apparatus has only a single trough with agitator and heater,
then the air current on issuing through the holes o passes crosswise above the
trough directly into the cover l. In order to obviate the necessity of having
heating tubes s the air current may be supplied to the drum t at such a tem-
perature as to be capable of absorbing the moisture from the material to be cooled
as well as absorbing the moisture in the drying apparatus.
In order to ensure a uniform passage of the air current through the drum t
and the drying chambers it is advantageous to make the holes o in the wall w
of different sizes. The farther these holes are from the chimney, the larger should
be the size thereof. This enables the various separate air currents which pass
through the holes o to be rendered entirely uniform. Thus the ventilation of
the drum t and of the apparatus is really perfect as the removal of the moisture
from the material to be dried is effected uniformly throughout and in the shortest
way.
upper
The material is fed into the hopper 1 (Figs. 1 and 12) and passes into the
trough m from which it escapes through a channel 2 into the lower trough which
it leaves at 3. The dried material then passes through the chute 4 into the drum t
Jand is finally discharged through the discharge chute 5.
The heating agent passes through the pipe 6 into the heating apparatus in the
upper trough m thence through the connecting pipe 7 into the lower trough which
it leaves at 8.
The agitators and scoop-mechanism may be driven by chain and chain- wheels k.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. A drying apparatus in which, between the separate sections of the heaters
arranged in the interior of the troughs and their agitators over which the drying
material slides, are provided pivoted iron strips or baffle plates b adapted to be
adjusted from the exterior of the apparatus to various inclined positions, for
the purpose of permitting an acceleration or a retardation in the transmission of
the material in the drying apparatus, to suit the different degrees of moisture
of the materials and independently of the agitator or scoop-mechanism and of
the inclination of the heating sections, essentially as and for the purpose described.
2. A constructional form of the drying apparatus claimed in Claim 1, character-
ised by the fact that the air-current created by the draught of the chimney is
caused by means of guide plates g to pass through a perforated drum arranged
below the lower trough m for the purpose of cooling and freeing from moisture
the dried material discharged from the last trough, essentially as and for the
purpose, described.
3. A constructional form of the drying apparatus, claimed in Claims 1 and 2,
characterised by a drum t having baffle plates n covered with sack-cloth or other
material for the purpose of more rapidly removing the moisture from the dried
materials during cooling, essentially as and for the purpose described.
Datadh: 10th.
T
1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.