matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVE- MENTS IN STEELYARDS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th Juno 1881. A communication
from abroad by François Subra, of Algiers, in Africa.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STEELYARDS." A communication from abroad by François Subra, of
Algiers, in Africa.
The improvements consist of a rectangular, bevilled or sloped arm on which a
sliding weight is applied, the sloped part having marked thereon the division
from 0 to 50 kilogrammes, the flat part the division from 49 to 150 kilogrammes
or other weights. At the extremity of the arın immediately after the division O
is the head of the steelyard, which is furnished with two knife edge rests. The
first rests on the steeled part of a fixed chape, in the collar of which a bolt turns
freely, holding a ring for suspending the steelyard.
Above this knifo-edge the head of the yard carries an indicating needle
moving between the jaws of the chape. This first knife edge is square shaped.
The two knife edges carry a movablo chape intended to carry the object to bo
weighed.
This chape is placed on the one or the other according to the weight of the load
(0 to 50 or 50 to 150 kilograromes.
The two knifo-edges are triangular in shape, and their sharpest edge supports
the movable chape. The movable chape is provided in its superior part with a
bearing, in the groove of which the knife edge reposes. In the lower part of the
chape is a collar in which a bolt turns freely and supports the hook.
IMPROVED AIR INLETS OR VENTILATING GULLIES FOR DRAINS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Beaumont Richard Harrington at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th October 1881.
BEAUMONT RICHARD HARRINGTON, of Beckenham, in the County of Kent,
"IMPROVED AIR INLETS OR VENTILATING GULLIES FOR DRAINS."
This Invention has for its object improved air inlets or ventilating gullies for
drains.
In connection with house drains, ventilating pipes passing up the side of the
house and terminating at a suitable height above the eaves of the roof are
now often provided; and some provision is also sometimes made for the admission
of air to the drain near the trap by which sewer gases are stopped back.
In order more effectually to cause a ventilating current of air to enter the house
drain, I employ a gully made of earthenware, iron, or other material, and connected
with house drains.
It is throated or bell mouthed, and has an outlet at the side which fits onto the
rising pipes from the drain. The gully answers the double purpose of admitting
air and drainage into the drain.
Whilst fulfilling these conditions, the form of the gully may vary more or less,
as is indicated on the annexed Drawings.
The advantages of my improved air inlet or ventilating gully are,—
(1.) As compared with other air inlets it increases the current of air through
drains when such drains are provided with ventilating shafts.
(2.) The velocity of the current of air through drains can be made greater
(under like conditions) by increasing the size of the drain air inlet ventilating
gully.
(3.) The gully prevents stones, sticks, or such like from getting into the drains.
IN REVOLVING FLATS FOR CARDING ENGINES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Waterhouse at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th January 1881.
JOSEPH WATERHOUSE, of Bolton, in the County of Lancaster.
IN REVOLVING FLATS FOR CARDING ENGINES."
"IMPROVEMENTS
In carding engines with which revolving flats are used no adequate means are
provided for setting the flats at the required angle to and distance from the
cylinder with which they work in connection. As at present constructed the ends
of the flats rest or travel on an adjustable semi-circular slide placed at each end of
the cylinder. A hollow is formed therein to correspond in contour with the semi-
circular slide, and is always made of a uniform distance from the face of the flat.
Thus the flats are adjustable only as a whole, and if from wear or other cause one
is out of the uniform height there is no means of "setting" it, and bad carding is
the result..
Now my Invention is designed to provide a simple and effective means of
adjusting each flat separately while in position on the carding engine. I do not
alter the semi-circular slide before mentioned, but substitute for the hollow end two
eccentric studs, which I screw into or otherwise attach to the end of the flat. On
the eccentric of this stud I place a sleeve or tube having notches or projections on
one end, which are driven into a copper or other suitable metal plate screwed to the
end of the flat by a nut on the outer end of the stud, thus holding the whole securely
in position when set. On the first tube I place a second tube or sleeve to act as a
roller to lessen the friction, but this may be dispensed with if desired. I place a
washer between the sleeve and the nut on the stud. The end I preferably make
square so as to screw and adjust it in the flat.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Harvey Edward Preen at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th May 1881.
HARVEY EDWARD PREEN, of Kidderminster, in the County of Worcester.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS."
This Invention has for its object improvements in lamps. Hitherto lamps for
consuming hydro-carbon oils have been made with either one flat wick, circular
wicks, two or three parallel flat wicks, or three wicks arranged in the form of a
triangle. The objection to the two or three parallel flat wicks and to the circular and
triangular wicks is that many of the direct rays of light are obscured by impinging
upon each other. Now the object of my Invention is to make lamps so that every
ray of light shall be utilized, and that none of the rays emanating from the wicks
shall be intercepted or partially destroyed.
For this purpose I provide a lamp with three flat wicks which radiate at equal
distances apart, from a common centre; as the wicks thus form with each other
angles of 120° none of the direct rays of light will be intercepted. The wicks may
be of any desired width. The three burners are provided with a cap having
three corresponding slits.
The lamps may either be fitted with three independent lifting cogs for the three
wicks, or with an arrangement of cogged wheels, by which the wicks may all be
lifted simultaneously.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN."
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Hubble at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th August 1881. A communication
from abroad by August Frederick Wilhelm Partz, of Philadelphia, Penn-
sylvania, United States of America.
WILLIAM EDWARD HUBBLE, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC LIGHTING AND IN THE APPARATUS
EMPLOYED THEREIN." A communication from abroad by August Frederick
Wilhelm Partz, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
Since it is only at a great sacrifice of electric force that a number of small lights
can be produced by the division of an electric current, apparatus capable of
furnishing lights of great luminous power have been placed on towers or poles
sufficiently high to cause the rays, by the aid of reflectors, to spread over a large
area. This system has the inconveniences that in order to supply such apparatus
with carbons or to regulate their action, either the attendants must ascend to them
or they must be let down, and that the directly visible electric flames have a blinding
effect upon the eyes.
The object of this Invention is to lighten public places, streets, and avenues by
reflected light derived from powerful luminous sources, which are hidden from view
and easily accessible.
The Invention consists, first, in the combination with an electric light apparatus
of an upright hollow cylinder rising about ten feet above the ground, and containing
in its lower part, which may be widened for that purpose, the said apparatus, and
of a reflector supported by light pillars vertically above the cylinder at a sufficient
elevation to distribute over the space which it is intended to illuminate the light
projected upon it from the apparatus below by the aid of a concave mirror or
any equivalent device; second, in the addition to the above mentioned combination
of an underground chamber, through the ceiling of which extends the said hollow
cylinder down to the light apparatus placed directly beneath it, and which is
accessible from the surface by a staircase; third, in a compound reflector designed
to withstand the effect of the wind, and consisting of a conical ring and an inverted
cone fixed above it, and having a width of base slightly superior to the inner
diameter of the ring.
The hollow cylinder may be made to represent an ornamental column. Its inner
face should be enamelled or nickel plated, so as to cause the rays of light that may
strike it to glance off and be thrown upon the reflector above.
AN IMPROVED DEVICE FOR SECURING CORKS IN BOTTLES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Melville Clark at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st March 1881. A communi-
cation from abroad by Robert Robinson, of Brooklyn, in the County of Kings,
State of New York, United States of America.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent. "AN IMPROVED DEVICE FOR SECURING CORKS IN
BOTTLES." [A communication from abroad by Robert Robinson, of Brooklyn, in
the County of Kings, State of New York, United States of America.].
This Invention relates to an improved device for securing or fastening corks in
bottles, and it consists in a wire bent at an acute angle, and having the limbs
joined by a cross tie near the middle, the loose ends of the limbs and cross ties
being folded around the bottle neck, and the angle part being turned over the cork,
and the loop being tied to the end of the wings.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN KINDS OF CHAIN, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE CONNECTING TOGETHER OF PIECES OF METAL, AS WELL AS PIECES OF NON- METALLIC SUBSTANCES FOR VARIOUS OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Wilkins at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 14th April 1881.
EDWIN WILKINS, of the Firm of Wilkins and Wright, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Manufacturers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
CERTAIN KINDS OF CHAIN, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE
CONNECTING TOGETHER OF PIECES OF METAL, AS WELL AS PIECES OF NON-
METALLIC SUBSTANCES FOR VARIOUS OTHER PURPOSES."
My Invention has reference principally to the manufacture of the kinds of chain
commonly called ball chain and bead chain, and consists of the improvements
hereinafter described in connecting together the hollow balls or bulbs of which the
said chain mainly consists.
My improvements are however applicable to the connecting together of pieces of
metal and non-metallic substances for various other purposes. I will describe my
Invention in connection with the manufacture of ball chain.
I make the hollow balls or bulbs to be connected by stamping, casting, or
otherwise, each ball or bulb having two opposite holes in the line of its axis. To
connect the balls together I employ a series of links or connecting pieces made as
follows: Each of the said connecting pieces consists of a rod or tube of any
required length. Each end of the rod is divided a short distance so as to make the
end forked. In this fork a short cross bar is fixed by means of a cross pin or
axis on which the cross bar turns freely. When the cross bar is at right angles to
the rod its ends project considerably from-opposite sides of the rod, and when the
said cross bar is moved so as to bring it into a position approaching parallelism to
the rod, the ends of the said cross bar project but little from the sides of the rod.
In using the link the cross bar is brought into the last described position, when
the end of the link and the cross bar can readily be passed into the hollow ball.
By then moving the link in the direction proper for withdrawing it from the ball,
one end of the cross bar strikes against the inner side of the ball near the hole in
the said ball. The said cross bar is thereby brought at right angles to the rod, and
the end of the link cannot be withdrawn from the ball or bulb.
For large or heavy chain a spring may be employed to force the cross bar after
it has been introduced into the hollow ball into a position at right angles to the
rod, but for small or light chain this is not necessary.
My improvements may be used for connecting the ends of blind cords, for
connecting two discs for forming a coat link, and for other like purposes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ELASTIC PACKING FOR GLAND AND OTHER JOINTS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Tattersall Gibson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th November 1881.
ALFRED TATTERSALL GIBSON, of Fleetwood, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELASTIC PACKING FOR GLAND AND OTHER
JOINTS."
My Invention relates to packing suitable for steam and other fluid glands and
joints, mainly, those with moving parts, and has for its object to provide a packing
which whilst it keeps the rod or like part tight so as to prevent passage of fluid,
is yet so elastic as to reduce friction and avoid heating of the moving part, and is
at the same time inexpensive in first cost and durable in use.
In carrying my Invention into practice I take a mandrel of any desired size and
coat it with india rubber or other guin, I next lay canvas or other woven fabric
volutewise over the rubber or gun with rubber or other gum between the layers,
and subsequently vulcanize or bake the whole. The mandrel is withdrawn before
vulcanizing or baking. The compound pipe made and produced as described is
ready for use as packing.
In packing a steam gland I lay the pipe like packing around the rod in the
packing space. The natural resilience of the said pipe packing and the air space
in the centre are of great moment in respect of tightness, cost of maintenance, and
allowing water from priming or otherwise to escape without injuring the packing.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATING DIES OR MOULDS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER SIMILAR CERAMIC WARES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Wood at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 19th March 1881.
PETER WOOD, of West Bromwich, in the County of Stafford, Manufacturer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATING DIES OR MOULDS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF
BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER SIMILAR CERAMIC WARES."
This Invention consists of improvements in the lubrication of the dies or moulds
used in the production of bricks, tiles, or other similar ceramic wares, by the
introduction of a jet or jets of steam between the clay in the die and the sides of
the die or mould, thus avoiding the use of oil or other lubricants.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WATCHES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Antoine Louis Gisbert Buys at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th August 1881.
ANTOINE LOUIS GISBERT BUYS, of Geneva, Switzerland. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WATCHES."
This Invention consists in the application of a combined click-spring, which
unites in a single piece the click-spring and the click usually applied in the
mechanism of keyless watches of any system. The shape of this click-spring is
such that it fits the rounded end of the bridge or bracket against which it rests, and
the spring is secured in this position by a single screw. The shape of this spring
is otherwise combined in such a manner as to produce an easy and sure working of
the click, and to obtain a long spring-blade, which prevents its breaking.
AN IMPROVED SAUSAGE FILLING MACHINE
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Skipper at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th January 1881.
WILLIAM HENRY SKIPPER, of the Firm of Sadler and Company, Three Oak
Lane, Horseleydown, London, S.E., Engineer. "AN IMPROVED SAUSAGE FILLING
MACHINE."
My Invention relates to a simplified arrangement of the machines used in the
manufacture of sausages, and known in the trade as filling machines," and in
accordance with which the plunger employed for forcing out the charge of minced
sausage meat from the barrel or cylinder containing the same is caused to retire
self-actingly when it has reached the end of its stroke or travel, and consequently
the barrel has had the contents discharged therefrom through the usual nozzle
at the delivery end; and on the plunger reaching the open or charging end of
the barrel, the barrel (which is provided with trunnions working in bearings on
each side of the framing of the machine) is caused simultaneously and auto-
matically to assume an angular, elevated, and convenient position for receiving
the charge of minced meat, which having been delivered into the barrel, the
machine is started by a lever or suitable equivalent at the delivery end, when
the barrel is gradually lowered to its normal horizontal position, the plunger then
re-enters and the operation above described is repeated.
<<
By the arrangement of apparatus according to my Invention, I am enabled
to very considerably reduce the labour and time in attending upon filling
machines."
AN IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM-BOILERS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Carl Pieper at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd October 1881. A communication from
Adolf Knaudt, Boiler-manufacturer, of Essen on the Ruhr, Kingdom of
Prussia.
CARL PIEPER, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, of 109-110, Gneisenaustrasse,
Berlin, S.W., Prussia. "AN IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM-BOILERS." A com-
munication from Adolf Knaudt, Boiler-manufacturer, of Essen on the Ruhr,
Kingdom of Prussia.
Whereas in Cornish boilers having a single flue the center-line of this flue has
hitherto always been placed vertically below the center-line of the shell, the
inventor so arranges the flue that its center-line lics sideward of the perpendicular
plano laid through the centor-line of the shell. The circulation of the water in the
boiler is thereby improved, and facilities are afforded for cleaning tho boiler from
deposits.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BRAKES FOR WIRE HAWSERS AND OTHER CABLES AND ROPES."
Year: 1881

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Wise at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th April 1881.
WILLIAM HENRY WISE, of West Hartlepool, in the County of Durham.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BRAKES FOR WIRE HAWSERS AND OTHER CABLES AND
ROPES."
This Invention relates to brakes for wire hawsers and other cables and ropes.
Around a stout bar, cylinder, or barrel, either fixed or free to revolve in suitable
bearings, I wind a helical spring, coil, or screw thread, or there may be more than
one.
Such coil or coils I so arrange as to leave intervals between the adjacent threads,
or the adjacent parts of one thread to receive the hawser or other cable or rope.
The thread of the coil (or coils) may be of V shape in cross section, or grooved
to any suitable shape to fit or grip the hawser, cable, or rope.
I attach one part of the thread or coil (by preference the central portion) to the
bar or barrel, and I attach the ends of the thread or coil to cylindrical buffers or
washers, able to slide on the bar or barrel, guided by helical grooves, so that they
may be sufficiently rotated as they are moved towards each other to take up the
slack of the coil or coils.
Each buffer or washer may be in two or more parts with an interposed packing
ring of india rubber or other elastic material.
Beyond and outside of each of the buffers or washers is a hand wheel internally
screwed to work upon a screw thread cut upon the bar or barrel.
The hawser, cable, or rope, whose progress is to be checked or controlled, is
wound around the bar or barrel in the intervals or spaces between the threads of
the helical coil or coils, and is nipped by the compression of the same on either or
both of the hand wheels being rotated, so as to reduce the distance between them
to any degree of pressure required.
The elasticity of the coil and buffers or washers serves to relieve the hawser, cable,
or rope, in case of a sudden strain or jerk.
When the bar or barrel is to be rotated and worked as a winch or windlass by
hand or steam, I screw the hand wheels upon bosses projecting from the standards
that carry the bar or barrel.
The form and construction of the brake may be modified in various ways without
departure from the principle of my Invention, as above set forth. For instance it
may be fixed in duplicate upon one central standard, so as to present a T shaped
appearance, or it may be arranged vertically as a Samson post.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING BROCADED AND OTHER KINDS OF FANCY ARTICLES TO BE APPLIED AS SUBSTITUTES FOR CHRISTMAS AND OTHER
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Stevens, of Coventry, in the County of
Warwick, and Newgate Street, in the City of London, Manufacturer, for an
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING BROCADED AND OTHER KINDS OF
FANCY ARTICLES TO BE APPLIED AS SUBSTITUTES FOR CHRISTMAS AND OTHER
"
(Void by reason of the Patentee having neglected to file a Specification in
pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Stevens at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th May 1881.
*
THOMAS STEVENS, of Coventry', in the County of Warwick, and Newgate
Street, in the City of London, Manufacturer. IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING
BROCADED AND OTHER KINDS OF FANCY ARTICLES TO BE APPLIED AS SUBSTITUTES
FOR CHRISTMAS AND OTHER CARDS, OR AS SCREENS AND BANNERETS."
The object of this Invention is to produce by weaving brocaded, embroidered, or
figured articles, which may be applied as substitutes for the ordinary printed
Christmas, new year, birthday, Easter, text, visiting, and other cards, or as screens
and bannerets.
In carrying out my Invention the design, text, or verses are raised in gold,
silver, or colored silk, cotton, or. other threads on a silk, satin, twill, or other
woven ground, and the fabric is formed so that the colored threads used for the
pattern will not show at the back, which will be both compact and firm.
The fabric I prefer to form with a cotton or other stiff back and a silk front,
and the front and back warps are bound or linked together by means of the
special ground shute provided for the purpose.
To effect the tie of the back warps (of which I may use twelve or more to the
draft or "tie over") with the ground shute, I commence by raising the back ends
or warps in alternate threes for the first pick of ground weft. During the

page_text: succeeding, say, nine shutes of brocade, the face ends or warps are raised according
to the requirements of the pattern, one end of the first or back warp being kept up
to bind, the face and back together; the next ground shute will be floated over.
another three warps, viz., two of the last back ends or warps and one additional
one, and the weaving of the brocaded face is then again resumed, the seventh
or intermediate warp in each draft being raised as before as a tie. This order is
maintained and continued, employing the same or different colored shutes of
brocade silk (as the pattern may require), manipulating the face warps to pattern
until the whole of the twelve or more threads composing the tie or draft over
have been employed, which will be in about one hundred and twenty shutes.
It will be obvious that if desired the warps used to form the back may be
worked in any desired number or order to obtain a back either by damask twill or
plain weaving.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHOW CASES FOR NEEDLES AND OTHER MERCHANDISE
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur William Lovell Reddie at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st September 1881. A
communication from abroad by Lulu Gardner Blood, of the City and State of
New York, United States of America.
ARTHUR WILLIAM LOVELL REDDIE, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHOW
CASES FOR NEEDLES AND OTHER MERCHANDISE." [A communication from abroad
by Lulu Gardner Blood, of the City and State of New York, United States of
America.]
This Invention relates to show cases, which are constructed with cells or com-
partments for holding needles in papers, and in which spring or springs are
employed to press upwards the paper of needles in each cell or compartment,
and hold them against a retainer or retaining plate at the top thereof which
overlaps the sides of the cell or compartment sufficiently to hold the papers of
needles therein, and yet affords provision for drawing out the papers one by one
horizontally, the papers remaining in said cell or compartment being continually
held or pressed up against the said retainer or retaining plate.
The object of this Invention is to provide a case in which a number of papers
or a whole packet of papers of needles may be inserted together and at once into
the cell or compartment designed for them, and also to prevent the retainer or
retaining plate of any cell or compartment from being accidentally displaced or
detached from its securing devices by the act of taking out the top paper of
needles from the cell or compartment, and thereby preventing all the papers of
needles in that cell or compartment from being thrown out in confusion by the
spring or springs therein.
The Invention consists in the combination of a box or case constructed with cells
or compartments having their upper portions open at the front; spring pushers
arranged in said cells or compartments; retainers, each overlapping the sides, and
preferably also the back of a cell or compartment, and having an open centre and
front to permit of the top paper of needles being properly displayed and to permit
of the finger being placed upon said top paper to draw the latter directly outwards,
and securing devices for holding said retainers down upon the tops of said cells or
compartments.

page_text: The retainers may be secured by means of key-hole slots in the back portions
thereof adapted to fit over the heads of screws or pins inserted in the partition at
the backs of said cells or compartments.
The retainers of adjacent cells or compartments preferably abut against each
other at about the middle of the partition between the two cells or compartments,
and in the edges of said retainers are preferably formed key-hole slots which receive
the heads of screws or pins inserted into said partition between the two cells or
compartments.
AN IMPROVED FIRE ALARM
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ernest de Pass at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 7th May 1881.
abroad by La Société François Lebacq et Kretz, of
Paris, France.
A communication from
Boulevard Saint Denis,
ERNEST DE PASS, of the Office for British and Foreign Patents, 68, Fleet Street,
A com-
in the City of London, Patent Agent. "AN IMPROVED FIRE ALARM."
munication from abroad by La Société François Lebacq et Kretz, of 1 Boulevard
Saint Denis, Paris, France.
This Invention relates to an improved fire alarm, and has for object to give an
alarm by detonation to all the inhabitants of a house as well as to the neighbours
and passers by on the outbreak of a fire.
The apparatus or alarm is composed of metal or other suitable material, and is
placed in any room of the house; it is provided with a quick match rendered
inflammable at say 45° cent. more or less, which fires a fuse containing the
detonating powder causing the explosion.
This quick match is composed of gun cotton, soaked first in ammonia and then
impregnated with powdered charcoal.
The apparatus may give the alarm by means of a bell or gong alone or in
combination with the detonation, and the bell or gong may be placed in any
convenient part of the building. It is operated by a small fly wheel actuating a
connecting rod, to which is attached the copper or iron wire of the striking
apparatus; the fly is worked by the explosion of the fuse set alight by the quick
match.
.
By means of this mechanismi several striking apparatus may be worked in various
parts of the building at the same time.
IMPROVEMENTS IN EMBOSSING AND PERFORATING PAPER AND OTHER MATERIALS, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR.
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Jensen at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th March 1881. (A communication from
abroad by Messieurs Hohenstein and Lange, both of Berlin, in the German
Empire.)
"
PETER JENSEN, of 33, Chancery Lane, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN EMBOSSING
AND PERFORATING PAPER AND OTHER MATERIALS, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR.'
(A communication from abroad by Messieurs Hohenstein and Lange, both of
Berlin, in the German Empire.)
Heretofore paper and other materials have been embossed and perforated in
straight or other lines and patterns by means of hammers, stamps, beams, and other
intermittently reciprocating appliances, but according to this Invention the
embossing or perforating is accomplished by means of rollers having the required
patterns engraved on their surface or on sheets of parts fastened thereto, all as
herein after described.
The paper or other material to be embossed in the form of an endless band is
unwound from a reel or drum; to expedite the process two or more bands may be
passed together on each other through the apparatus; these bands first pass through
tale to prevent their adhering to each other after having been embossed or
perforated together, and then through a guide and between two rollers, one having
the raised pattern on its surface, and the other being of a softer metal or
composition having a plain surface; the band or bands then pass between the first
named pattern roller and another pattern roller having the exact counterpart matrix
pattern on its surface. Any pieces adhering to the rollers are scraped off by brushes
or doctors. The embossed or perforated bands having been passed through roller or
appliance for stretching, uncurling, and smoothing, then pass between a pair of
draw rollers and to a cut off apparatus of any usual or convenient form for being
cut off into any required lengths; the usual paper cutting mechanism may be applied
and be provided with an automatic signal appliance indicating when the desired
number of pieces or patterns have been cut off.
The two pattern rollers have adjustable bearings, and the composition metal roller,

page_text: or a roller working against its underside, has also adjustable bearings. Instead of
one pair of pattern rollers, two or more such may be used in one machine.
The machine is worked by hand or power; the various rollers being connected by
wheel gearing, the drawing rollers may be driven by strap or gut.
In order to polish the composition roller it may for that purpose be put into 5
gear with its adjoining pattern roller by extra wheel gearing which causes them to
revolve against each other so that one has a slightly greater speed than the other.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL, TALLOW, AND GREASE LAMPS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Darling at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th November 1881.
JOHN DARLING, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL, TALLOW, AND GREASE LAMPS."
The said Invention relates to improvements in oil, tallow, and grease lamps, and
has partly for its object to provide such lamps with a ready means for raising the
wick. The Invention is especially adapted to the grease lamps used by ininers, or
the lamps used by stokers on board ship.
According to the said Invention a prong or picker-lever is mounted upon an axis
outside the wick tube so as when turned in one position to project into the said
wick tube. The said picker or prong is connected with a rod or bar sliding in
guides outside the lamp, so that by moving this bar the prong or picker-lever is
caused to protrude into the wick tube and seize upon and elevate the wick. The
said prong or picker-lever is so formed or jointed at its end or otherwise arranged
as to pass the wick in its descent without lowering it.
The Invention has also for its object to enable the grease or paraffin wax or scale
used in such lamps to be more rapidly heated and melted by the heat of the
burning wick than hitherto. This is effected by making the inner side of the wick
tube with a longitudinal opening or a groove with perforations, so that the wick is
throughout its entire length in contact with the grease or solid paraffin or scale.
By this means the wick tube may be made of a non-conducting or slowly
conducting material.
The Iuvention consists further in covering as much as possible of the lamp
casing with a non-conducting material (preferably what is known as "elamite")
for the purpose of preventing it being rubbed of heat either by the currents or
draughts in a mine, or when, as is frequently the case, the miner takes the latap
from his head and places it on the floor or pavement or other cold surface in a
mine, which is frequently in a wet state. By thus constructing the lamp it can
easily be handled, when the grease, or paraffin wax, or scale is melted, as the non-
conducting covering prevents that heat being communicated to the head of the
person using it.
A. NEW MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR MECHANICALLY COLLECTING LETTERS AND SUCH LIKE FROM POST OFFICES AND PILLAR POSTS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Charles Winby at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th August 1881.
FREDERICK CHARLES WINBY, of Palace Chambers, Westminster. "A. NEW
MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR MECHANICALLY COLLECTING LETTERS AND SUCH
LIKE FROM POST OFFICES AND PILLAR POSTS."
This Invention has for its object a new means and apparatus for mechanically
collecting letters and such like from post offices and pillar posts.
For this purpose I employ a pipe carried along below the several pillar posts and
receptacles for letters at the post offices, from which letters and such like are to be
collected. Through this pipe I cause a succession of trucks to travel at a com-
paratively slow speed, so that trucks shall pass frequently, at intervals of a few
minutes or less, below each receptacle. The trucks are open at the, top so that
letters may drop down into them, but at their ends they fit the tube.
Preferably the trucks are caused to move along the tube by a partial vacuum, or
it might be by air under pressure acting upon pistons in rear of the trucks, or it
might be by other mechanical means.
The pillar posts and other receptacles into which letters are placed for collection
open at the bottom into the top of the tube.
A valve or partition is applied at the bottom of
shut off communication between it and the tube.
drop on to the top of this valve, and the valve is
weight.
each letter box or receptacle to
The letters deposited in the box
kept closed by a counterbalance
When one of the trucks, passing along the tube, comes below the box, the valve
opens and the letters resting upon it drop into the truck; or if a vacuum is used,
they will be drawn in with air, and will be carried onwards by the truck whilst
the valve again closes. When the trucks arrive at the place to which the letters
are to be conveyed they are emptied of their contents, and made again to pass along
the tube to again collect letters from the several pillar posts and post offices. In
this way an automatic and continuous collection of the letters is maintained.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SKATES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Sam Villiers Wheatley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th March 1881.
SAM VILLIERS WHEATLEY, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Manufacturer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SKATES."
My Invention relates to improvements in skates, and more particularly to the
method of securing them to the feet of the skater in a well adapted, easily
operated, and reliable manner, and it consists in the combination and use of two
known mechanical devices which have been in use separately for a similar
purpose, but which when brought into combination (the one being specially
adapted to grip the heel and the other to clasp the sole of the boot), form a very
effective and advantageous arrangement of skate fastening.
The combination consists of a double sliding clasp operated by means of a screw
provided with a right and left hand thread similar to that mentioned in Hilliard's
Patent, No. 931, 1867, which I apply to clasp the sole of the boot, and of an
adjustable lever and rigid heel piece, as described in Parson's Patent, No. 3027,
1868, which I apply to grip the heel of the boot.
•
I prefer to secure the two above described appliances to a sheet steel sole plate,
out of which I also form the rigid heel piece, and to which the skate iron is
secured by ordinary means.
I claim that the combination above described makes a skate more easy to adjust
and affix than any other method, giving equal security,
MENTS IN THE MEANS FOR FASTENING BROOCHES, SOLITAIRES, AND ARTICLES OF JEWELLERY." OTHER
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Teale Powell at the Office
"IMPROVE-
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th February 1881.
THOMAS TEALE POWELL, of Harrogate, in the County of York.
MENTS IN THE MEANS FOR FASTENING BROOCHES, SOLITAIRES, AND
ARTICLES OF JEWELLERY."
OTHER
The chief object of this Invention is to provide a secure fastening for brooches
which will obviate the inconvenience and annoyance occasioned by the loss of the
article owing to the pin becoming unfastened, and which will also allow of the pin
being more readily disengaged when desired by the wearer than heretofore.
In carrying out my Invention I hinge or otherwise secure the pin to a sliding
piece which I adapt to the back of the brooch in any convenient manner.
Instead of the ordinary hook catch to secure the pin I employ a ring or cap, which
I solder or otherwise firmly secure to the back of the brooch.
When applying the brooch the slide is drawn back so as to allow the point of
the pin to clear the ring or cap. The pin is inserted in the material, and is then
brought down until it lies nearly parallel with the back of the brooch, when the
slide is pushed forward causing the pin to engage with the ring or cap.
In order to secure the slide in place I provide a spring bolt or catch, which,
when the slide is pushed home, takes into a notch provided therein to receive it.
I am thus enabled to obtain a perfectly secure fastening of a simple and
inexpensive character.
The Invention is also applicable to the securing of solitaires and necklaces and
other articles of jewellery either in the form above described or slightly modified to
suit the article to which it is to be applied.
Instead of attaching the pin to the slide the pin may be secured to the brooch
back in the ordinary way, and the ring or catch may be secured to the slide.
The amount of movement permitted to the slide will be regulated by a stop pin
or in any other convenient manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WEIGHING MACHINES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Williams at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 17th October 1881.
THOMAS WILLIAMS, the younger, of Gee Street, Goswell Road, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN WEIGHING MACHINES."
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of suspended
compound lever weighing machine, whereby greater compactness is obtained, the
use of loose weights is obviated, and the size of the adjustable weights is
considerably reduced in proportion to the load to be weighed.
My improved weighing machine is based on the steelyard principle; but in lieu
of employing a single long arm or lever, I divide the same into two or more shorter
levers, each working on a separate and independent fulcrum of its own at reverse
ends, and so combined together as to constitute a compound suspended weighing
lever or beam for heavy and light weights. Each of these levers is provided with
its own adjustable sliding weight and with a properly divided index plate or
plates. These two levers are disposed one above the other and are connected
together by a link or hook, the upper end of which engages with the upper surface
of a knife edge bearing disposed near the outer or long end of the upper lever,
whilst the lower end of the said link or hook engages with the under surface of
another knife-edge bearing disposed near the fulcrum or shorter end of the lower
lever, or vice versa, the two levers thus working together. The load to be weighed
is suspended from the shorter end of the upper lever, somewhat after the fashion
of the ordinary steelyard or weighing machines on the lever principle, the fulcrum
thereof being also suspended or otherwise supported in any convenient manner. If
found requisite, the fulcrum of the lower lever may be held in contact with its seat
by the action of a suspended weight, or (which I prefer) of a spring, the tension of
which can be regulated by an adjusting nut or other suitable device. This spring
may be hooked or fixed onto the upper edge of a portion of the said fulcrum,
which fulcrum in that case I prefer to make of a cranked form so as to bring the
said upper edge in exact line horizontally with that portion or edge on which the
lower lever is supported on its bearing, thus obtaining four knife-edge bearings,

page_text: namely, two on each side of the lever in one casting or forging, the two inverted
knife-edges being in line with and forming a continuation of the upright knife
edges. The whole is enclosed in a convenient casing having an opening in front
to afford access to the sliding adjustable weights, that on the top lever being
adjusted when weighing light weights, and that on the lower lever or levers when
weighing heavy loads, or vice versa.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CLASPS OR FASTENINGS FOR CHAINS, GUARDS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Osborn and Alfred Osborn
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st January 1881.
THOMAS OSBORN and ALFRED OSBORN, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CLASPS OR FASTENINGS FOR
CHAINS, GUARDS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES."
This Invention consists of two parts, male and female, one of which is attached
to each end of the article to be joined by a running or free dome and loop; the
male part is formed of a solid plug split longitudinally to give a certain spring
action, and furnished with a small nib or stud at the end; the female part consists
of a tube with a bayonet slot cut in it, which slot admits the nib on the male part
when the plug is inserted in the tube, and by giving the parts half a turn they are
securely locked together. A similar action in the reverse direction unlocks them.
The plug on the male part is mounted in a tube to which is attached the running
dome and loop above named, and the female part is similarly covered by a tube to
which the running dome and loop are in like manner attached.
MEANS OF APPLYING ORGAN PEDALS TO PIANOFORTES."
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry John Rummens at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th September 1881.
HENRY JOHN RUMMENS, of Brixton, in the County of Surrey.
MEANS OF APPLYING ORGAN PEDALS TO PIANOFORTES."
"IMPROVED
My Invention relates to the employment of pedals, such as are used in organs,
for actuating certain of the keys of a pianoforte, whereby organ music may be
played thereon with as great facility as on the organ, and without the incon-
veniences and objectionable effects usually resulting from the use of pedals applied
to pianofortes for that purpose.
Heretofore, so far as I am aware, there has been no satisfactory mechanism
devised whereby the hammers are caused to strike with the same force whether
the pedal be pressed down heavily or lightly, suddenly or slowly, whereby the
notes are struck with certainty however "legato" the style of playing may be,
and whereby the pedals have the same depth of touch as when used with the
organ. By my improvements these objects are secured in a much more satisfactory
manner than heretofore, and complete immunity from extra wear and tear is also
obtained, so that the choicest instruments may be fitted with the improved
appliances without fear of injury.
6
In the arrangements usually employed, so far as I am aware, the downward
motion of the pedal is transmitted direct to the back end of the key by the inter-
vention of "rollers," "trackers," "stickers," and other such like appliances, whereas
according to my Invention the pedal is made to release a weight or a spring which
acts in its turn either on the front or back end of the key, by the intervention of
'rollers," " trackers," "stickers," "back_falls," "squares," or other suitable appli-
ances, or combination thereof, whereby the action of the hammer is made
dependant upon that of the weight or spring, and not upon that of the pedal itself,
which latter serves only to release the said weight or spring, and to restore the
Eame after action to its normal position by the upward motion of the pedal under
the action of its return spring.
AN IMPROVED FASTENER FOR DRIVING BELTS AND BANDS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frank Reddaway, of the Firm of F. Reddaway and
Company, of Pendelton, near Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Woven
Flose and Cotton Machine Belting Manufacturers, for an Invention of
"AN IMPROVED FASTENER FOR DRIVING BELTS AND BANDS."
pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frank Reddaway at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th June 1881.
FRANK REDDAWAY, of the Firm of F. Reddaway and Company, of Pendleton,
near Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Woven Hose and Cotton Machine
Belting Manufacturers. "AN IMPROVED FASTENER FOR DRIVING BELTS AND
BANDS."
My said Invention relates to improvements in fasteners for driving belts and
bands. The connection of the free ends and of the respective parts or lengths of
such belts or bands is at present effected by sewing, lacing, or riveting, which
besides occupying considerable time is also hurtful to the strength and durability
of the belt by reason of the perforation of the material or fabric. According to my
Invention a belt or band may be connected or tightened up in a comparatively
short time and without injury to the belt. The fastener which I employ consists
in its simplest form of a metallic saddle shaped frame composed of three cross bars
or members, retained in their respective positions by end bars or pieces. When
it is desired to join the ends of a belt, one end thereof is first passed under the
two outer members and over the central meinber from one side, whilst the other
end is similarly introduced from the other side so as to form a lap joint held in
position by means of the frame. The bars or members of the frame aro so
arranged relatively to each other, that when a strain is put upon the belt the
saddle frame will bite and hold the two ends so as to prevent them from slipping.
Under ordinary circumstances it will be found that the greater the strain upon the

page_text: belt the more tenaciously are the ends held by the frame; but if in any case it
should be considered that the mere frictional contact of the belt with the frame
might not be sufficient, the bars or members may be formed or furnished with
corrugations or serrations which will effectually prevent the ends of the belt from
being drawn out of the frame. Although I have instanced the saddle frame as
composed of three cross bars or members, it is to be understood that a greater
number than three may be used when it is desired to confer additional security
upon the joint. In the case of belts running through guide forks I may arrange
to bring the end pieces within the breadth of the belt so as to prevent them from
striking.
The central member would then be made removable and projections formed on
the end picces to go through the belt so as to receive the central member, the
introduction of which would complete the frame and hold the belt as herein before
described.