Improvements in the Production of Relief Pictures with the Aid of Photography.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Mar., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Mar., 1898- Accepted, 3rd Sept., 1898
PROVIDIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Production of Relief Pictures with the Aid of
Photography.
1, CARL PIETZNER, of 3, Mariahilferstr, VI, Vienna, in the Empire of Austro-
Hungary, Court Photographer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
The present invention has for its subject a process for the production of relief
photographs on ceramic articles of all kinds; also on glass, paper, silk, and the
like, in all colours; and particularly of portraits and landscapes; further, of
pictorial representations on porcelain, terra-cotta, pottery, cyderolith; and
also on extensible and flexible materials of all kinds.
66
"
The process is characterized essentially by the fact that the ceramic mass
which is to constitute the relief, is applied on a suitable backing or foundation
which is shaped according to the outlines of the picture; then with the aid of
a "pigment print" it is modelled and it is then covered with the picture which
is to be represented. This covering with the picture is effected according to this
process either by means of pigments or other pictorial representation, or if the
picture is to be burnt in, it is effected by means of a picture in enamel colours.
In carrying out this process the procedure is as follows:-
The photograph or the picture is cut out to the outlines which are necessary
to be shown in relief, upon a suitable backing or foundation.
The method of doing this which I prefer, is to place or paste the picture upon
a thin plate or sheet of metal or clay, (or of course, the picture may also be
drawn upon said plate or sheet) and then to cut it out in outline. If desired
cardboard or fret-sawyer's wood may also be employed as a backing.
The outline picture thus produced is then coated with a ceramic mass (modelling
clay) to the thickness of the desired relief, in such a manner that said coat shall
be bevelled off towards the edges and terminate with the outline. Then prefer-
ably a pigment print is placed upon the same, outline to outline, and from this
the lines and shadows are worked with the modelling tool. The pigment print
serves of course only for the purpose of facilitating the modelling operation and
of enabling the exact forms and lines to be imparted to the model, so that it
does not matter if the said print gets damaged; in fact the print must be washed
off again when the picture has been completely modelled, but preferably only
after the model has become dry.
In the case of ordinary relief photographs on silk paper, or other materials,
a good print is simply cut out so as to leave a border of ½ to 1 centimetre project-
ing beyond the outline. Then this print is coated on its rear side with paste,
gelatine or other adhesive agent, and it is laid upon the model, outline to out-
line and it is then pressed down carefully by means of a moist pad. Preferably
the picture should not be moistened too much before applying the adhesive agent
o it, because otherwise the material will stretch or expand at first, and thus it may
possibly happen that the corresponding parts will not coincide, so that it is pre-

page_text: ferable that the moistening shall only be done when the picture is being pressed
down with the moist pad. It is also desirable to employ the thinnest possible
materials for the picture, because this has the result of causing the relief to
appear more plastic and with more effect when dry. The projecting border is
then turned over tightly and pasted over the back of the foundation. Any in-
correct shape in the outline can be very easily corrected when dry, by pressure
or by filing. The modelling mass may be mixed with a little gelatine or albumen
("white of egg") and the like for the purpose of ensuring an homogeneous union
between the model and the picture.
If the reliefs are to be employed for ceramic purposes, the procedure of their
production is exactly the same as that above described, but the finished relief
model is not only dried, but it must above all be cleaned from the pigment
print; this is best done by washing, after which, of course, the model must be
dried again and be burned once. Then a so-called photo-ceramic enamel-colour
picture is produced by means of the well-known iron-dust process or transferring
process for burned-in pictures and said picture is transferred on to the model in
the same manner as above described. But in this case no paste is used, but an
adhesive medium is used which is capable of being burned in. Further, the
pad for pressing down the picture must in this case not be made too wet, and
any damage done can be very easily retouched with the same material and with
the same colour. The picture is now ready for burning in, and, if it is to be
painted in enamel colours it can then be treated in the usual manner.
It is obvious that only certain parts, such as for instance, the head alone, may
be produced by a photographic transferring process, the body, and also if desired,
the background, being left to the artistic sense of the modeller
The modeller
is not then compelled to keep always strictly to the photographic forms and
lines, and he will simply paint the freely modelled portion of the relief or of
the figure in the same shade of colour, as has been selected for the photographic
portion which has been transferred.
Ceramic pictures which are not to be burned in, are advantageously protected
by means of a coat of good white copal varnish; any other transparent varnish
may however be used.
In producing numerous repeat articles, the original model is simply copied
by moulding in the usual manner, and the succeeding copies are stamepd or
formed from this mould, when the further procedure is then the same as above
described.
Also pictures of this kind can be made or procured in large quantities in
enamel colours by means of the known printing processes, and the said pictures
can then be employed in the same way.
The relief pictures thus produced may be applied on a gold or other coloured
ground, composed of ceramic mass or other substances.
1000
Improvements in the Production of Relief Pictures with the Aid of
Photography.
I, CARL PIETZNER, of 3, Mariahilferstr, 6, Vienna, in the Empire of Austro-
Hungary, Court Photographer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention,

page_text: and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:.
-
The present invention has for its subject a process for the production of relief
photographs on ceramic articles of all kinds; also on glass, paper, silk, and the
like, in all colours; and particularly of portraits and landscapes; further, of
pictorial representations on porcelain, terra-cotta, pottery, cyderolith;" and
also on extensible and flexible materials of all kinds.
66
The process is characterised essentially by the fact that the ceramic mass
which is to constitute the relief, is applied on a suitable backing or foundation
which is shaped according to the outlines of the picture then with the aid of
a "pigment print" it is modelled and it is then covered with the picture which
is to be represented. This covering with the picture is effected according to this
process either by means of pigments or other pictorial representation, or if the
picture is to be burnt in, it is effected by means of a picture in enamel colours.
In carrying out this process the procedure is as follows:-
The photograph or the picture is cut out to the outlines which are necessary
to be shown in relief, upon a suitable backing or foundation.
The method of doing this which I prefer, is to place or paste the picture upon
a thin plate or sheet of metal or clay, (or of course, the picture may also be
drawn upon said plate or sheet) and then to cut it out in outline. If desired
cardboard or fret-sawyer's wood may also be employed as a backing.
The outline picture thus produced is then coated with a ceramic mass (modelling
clay) to the thickness of the desired relief, in such a manner that said coat shall
be bevelled off towards the edges and terminate with the outline. Then prefer-
ably a pigment print is placed upon the same, outline to outline, and from this
the lines and shadows are worked with the modelling tool. The pigment print
serves of course only for the purpose of facilitating the modelling operation and
of enabling the exact forms and lines to be imparted to the model, so that it
does not matter if the said print gets damaged; in fact the print must be washed
off again when the picture has been completely modelled, but preferably only
after the model has become dry.
In the case of ordinary relief photographs on silk, paper, or other materials,
the photograph or design is transferred to or imprinted upon the material by any
of the well-known processes. This print is simply cut out so as to leave a border
of to 1 centimetre projecting beyond the outline. Then the print is coated on
its rear side with paste, gelatine or other adhesive agent, and it is laid upon the
model referred to above, outline to outline and it is then pressed down care-
fully by means of a moist pad. Preferably the picture should not be moistened
too much before applying the adhesive agent to it, because otherwise the material
will stretch or expand at first, and thus it may possibly happen that the cor-
responding parts will not coincide, so that it is preferable that the moistening
shall only be done when the picture is being pressed down with the moist pad.
It is also desirable to employ the thinnest possible materials for the picture,
because this has the result of causing the relief to appear more plastic and with
more effect when dry. The projecting border is then turned over tightly and
pasted over the back of the foundation. Any incorrect shape in the outline can
he very easily corrected when dry, by pressure or by filing. The modelling
mass may be mixed with a little gelatine or albumen ("white of egg") and the
like for the purpose of ensuring an homogeneous union between the model and
the picture.
If the reliefs are to be employed for ceramic purposes, the procedure of their
production is exactly the same as that above described, but the finished relief
model is not only dried, but it must above all be cleaned from the pigment
print; this is best done by washing, after which, of course, the model must be
dried again and be burned once. Then a so-called photo-ceramic enamel-colour
picture is produced by means of the well-known iron-dust process or transferring
process for burned-in pictures and said picture is transferred on to the model in

page_text: the same manner as above described. But in this case no paste is used, but an
adhesive medium is used which is capable of being burned in. Further, the
pad for pressing down the picture must in this case not be made too wet, and
any damage done can be very easily retouched with the same material and with
the same colour. The picture is now ready for burning in, and, if it is to be
painted in enamel colours it can then be treated in the usual manner.
.
It is obvious that only certain parts, such as for instance, the head alone, may
be produced by a photographic transferring process, the body, and also if desired.
the background, being left to the artistic sense of the modeller. The modeller
is not then compelled to keep always strictly to the photographic forms and
lines, and he will simply paint the freely modelled portion of the relief or of
the figure in the same shade of colour, as has been selected for the photographic
portion which has been transferred.
Ceramic pictures which are not to be burned in, are advantageously protected
by means of a coat of good white copal varnish; any other transparent varnish
may however be used.
In producing numerous repeat articles, the original model is simply copied
by moulding in the usual manner, and the succeeding copies are stamped or
formed from this mould, when the further procedure is then the same as above
described.
Also pictures of this kind can be made or procured in large quantities in
enamel colours by means of the known printing process, and the said pictures
can then be employed in the same way.
It is to be understood that the clay or ceramic mass after modelling upon the
outline piece in the manner herein before described and receiving the picture
contour to contour remains in place in the silk or like material and when applied
to ceramic wares with enamel-colour pictures and the like is burned in.
The relief pictures thus produced may be applied on a gold or other coloured
ground, composed of ceramic mass or other substances.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is;-
1,-A process for the production of relief photographs on ceramic articles of
all kinds, glass, paper, silk, or the like; consisting of taking a clay or ceramic
mass to serve as the relief and first applying it to a suitable backing cut to the
outlines of the picture or photographs and then by the aid of a pigment print
or impression of the required photograph or picture modelling the relief and
covering the relief so produced by the picture or photograph contour to contour.
2, In the process claimed in the preceding claim when specially adapted to
ceramic ware, transferring the picture to the modelled clay by means of a pig-
ment transfer in enamel colours and afterwards burning the same in substan-
tially as hereinbefore described.,
Dated this 23rd day of March 1898.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.