Improvements in Means for Binding or Securing Hanks or Skeins of Yarn, Thread, or other Material.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Nov., 1898-Accepted, 9th Sept., 1899
Improvements in Means for Binding or Securing Hanks or Skeins of
Yarn, Thread, or other Material.
We, MORITZ BAUMANN and ALBERT KRYSZAT, subjects of the Emperor of
Germany, both of Nos. 3-4, Coloniestrasse, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany,
Machine-Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of our said invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
-
This invention relates to an automatic machine for binding or securing hanks
or skeins of yarn thread or other material. Such operation occurs, for instance,
in the textile industry, where the threads or yarn, wound upon the reels, are
bound into bundles at certain distances by means of threads which are then
knotted. This is effected by employing two threads the so-called lower or under
and the upper thread. The lower thread is drawn through the reel in such a
manner that it is located directly against the lower side of the skein's or hanks
of the yarn and is directed crosswise to these, whilst the upper thread is arranged
as a ball or bobbin in a bobbin or spool holder, which may be moved up and
down against the lower thread. The looping and knotting of the upper and lower
thread, and the binding of the bundles or hanks of yarn, is effected by the bobbin
holder with the upper thread during its upward and downward movement surround-
ing the lower thread and being moved within such bobbin holder from one side
to the other by means of a fork. The upward and downward movement of the
bobbin holder and the operation of the fork for laterally moving the upper
thread bobbin are so proportioned that an entwining of the lower thread by
the material of the upper thread bobbin is effected; the number of entwinings
being easily arranged as desired by the number of upward and downward move-
ments of the bobbin holder and the corresponding reciprocating movements of
the upper thread bobbin.
In order to knot or loop the lower thread with the upper thread put round
the former and the skein or hank of yarn to be tied or bound the lower or
under thread is grasped or caught by a tool in the form of scissors and made
into a loop. The tool which may be called a loop making or forming device
receives for this purpose a reciprocating motion against the lower thread and is
arranged in such a manner that it automatically opens and closes in order to
correspondingly release or catch the lower thread. It also receives a partial rota-
tion in order to cross the thread portions forming the loop of the drawn out
lower thread.
The upward and downward moving holder of the upper thread bobbin engages
over these crossing loop portions, for which purpose, it is provided with a slot,
so that the upper thread bobbin, on its movement in the holder from the one
side to the other and on the upward and downward movement of the bobbin
holder against the lower thread, is wound round the crossing portions of the
loop.
In this manner, a knot is formed by the lower and upper threads, which is
made tight by tensioning the lower thread released by the looping device.

page_text: The upward and downward movements--necessary for carrying out this work
or operation of the bobbin holder for the upper thread as also the reciprocating
and rotating motion of the loop making device for the lower thread are derived
from three cams on the same shaft which is operated by the shaft of the reel.
The construction is such that all the mechanisms can exert a longitudinal step-
wise movement on the driven shaft of the camis by providing longitudinal grooves
on said shaft. After knotting the lower and upper thread and tying or binding
a skein or hank of the yarn or other material an automatic feed of the whole
mechanism on to a shaft of the cams and also of the holder for the lower thread
bobbin for a distance corresponding to the thickness or width of the hank or
skein of yarn is effected. There is likewise effected an automatic tensioning of
the lower thread for the purpose of tightening the knot formed by looping and
upper thread.
The material to be bound into hanks or skeins in the said manner may be of
any suitable kind or nature and is of just as little moment for the operation of
the hereafter described device as the nature of the knot itself which, as already
mentioned, can be easily altered or changed by, for instance, modifying the
number of loops of the upper thread.
Referring to the accompanying drawing
Fig. is partly a front elevation and partly a vertical section of the whole
machine for binding yarn hanks or skeins of a reel by lower and upper threads.
Fig. 1 is an end elevation of the disc M on the shaft G,
Fig. 2 is partly a side elevation and partly a vertical cross section of the
machine of which some parts have been broken off,
Fig. 3 is a vertical section on line - of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a plan and
Fig. 5 a side elevation of the loop making device for the lower thread
shown on a somewhat larger scale than in Fig. 2, the loop forming device being
opened and the bobbin holder for the upper thread shown in section being passed
into the loop of the lower thread,
Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the left part of Fig. 5,
Fig. 7 is an elevation of the bifurcated lever effecting the partial rotation of
the loop forming device,
Fig. 8 and 9 are sectional views and end elevations respectively of the guide
for the loop forming device in the end positions before and after the partial
rotation effected by the fork,
Fig. 10 is a vertical longitudinal section,
Fig. 11 a horizontal cross section and
Fig. 12 a vertical cross section on a larger scale through the bobbin holder
for the upper thread in co-operation with the loop forming device of the lower
thread in order to show the formation of the knot by both threads. This knot
however is formed by passing the upper thread twice through the loop of the
lower thread, and would require a cam of a different shape to that shown in the
machine, though the latter also forms a knot.
Fig. 13 is a sectional view, likewise on a larger scale of the device for auto-
matically operating or feeding the carrier for the lower thread bobbin and the
device for tensioning the lower thread.
In the standards A A¹ of the frame is mounted the shaft B of the reel C with
driving pulleys B¹, on which reel is wound the yarn or the like to be bound
into hanks a. This binding of the hanks of yarn is effected by means of a
lower thread and upper thread c arranged as a ball or bobbin in a bobbin
holder to be more particularly described later on. The lower thread is secured
to a holder and passes through a thread guide 62 over a tension spring b³ to
the bobbin 4 which is rotatably mounted in a carrier D. This carrier Dis
guided on a fixed or stationary rack E, the pitch of its teeth corresponding to
the hanks a of yarn to be bound and effecting the automatic feed of the carrier D
with all its parts.

page_text: The shaft G mounted in the frame parts FFL derives its driving motion from
the shaft B by means of the pulleys 132 133, such shaft G being provided for the
greatest or major part of its length with longitudinal grooves G¹. On this
shaft G is mounted a sleeve H which is rotated by the shaft by wedges or the
like, but can move longitudinally on the shaft. The frame J for the mechanisms
to be operated indirectly by the sleeve H and to be fully described later on can
likewise move longitudinally with all its parts on the shaft G, such frame being
guided on the fixed or stationary base plate K. This base plate K carries a
fixed rack L, in which engages the rim of a disc M keyed on to the sleeve H.
This rim is formed for a quarter of its length, as an arched piece M² pivoted on
a central pin so that it can be moved or oscillated to the one or other side. This
construction has for its object, during say three quarters of the rotation of the
shaft G and its sleeve H, to secure against lateral movement the parts driven
by the latter and also the whole frame J and its parts by engagement of the
rim M in the stationary or fixed rack L. With this relative locking of the frame
or standard J the binding of the hanks a of yarn and the knotting of the
lower and upper threads b and c still to be described take place or coincide.
The movable part M² of the rim adjusted to one side, effects, during the last
quarter of the rotation of the shaft G, an automatic lateral movement of the
standard or frame J with all its parts, so that the mechanisms for looping and
knotting are operative on the neighbouring or adjacent hank of yarn. The
turning over of the part 2 of the rim to the one or other side thus causes the
movement of the standard or frame I with its parts in the one or other direction
and renders it possible to also automatically reverse this movement.
The standard or frame J carries a lateral arm N whose front part is in form
of a box-like guide O for the bobbin carrier P. A guide Q for the loop forming
device is also rigidly connected to the frame.
The driving or operating mechanism of the bobbin holder and loop forming device
corresponding to the described operation for effecting the upward and downward
movement of the bobbin holder and the forward and backward movement and
rotation of the loop forming device consists of three cams R, S, T and sleeve H
secured to the shaft G. The form or shape of the grooves of these cams, in which
run rollers of the arms or links to be moved, is shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2.
The cam R receives in its groove, a small roller 2 of a lever 1 pivoted at 3, to
which lever 1 a link 4 is hinged, whose pivot engages in a slot 6 of a bell crank
lever 5 pivoted at 7. The free end of this lever is bifurcated at 8 and surrounds
or encloses a pin 9 of the bobbin holder P such pin being adapted to move upward
and downward in slots of the guide frame. On the lower end of the bobbin
holder is provided the box 10 for the ball or bobbin of the upper thread c. The
box 10 formed below into two unequally long conical points is provided with a
transverse vertical slot 11, which extends almost to the full height of the box
and allows of same being moved below for the purpose of overcrossing the lower
thread b.
The movement or reciprocation of the upper thread bobbin in the bobbin box 10
from one side of the slot 11 to the other for the purpose of looping the upper
thread around the lower thread b is effected by a bifurcated lever 12 which has
an oscillating movement on the pin 9 and embraces the bobbin for the upper
thread c with its lower fork 13 extending into the bobbin box 10. For effecting
the lateral oscillation of the bifurcated lever 12 at the end positions of the upward
and downward moving bobbin holder P the bifurcated lever 12 is provided with
a lateral pin or projection 14 which engages in a slot 151 of a plate 15 secured
on the side of the frame 0. This slot 15' is divided by a central ridge 16 into
two lateral slot-guides which are connected above and below by holes or
recesses 16 and 162, which are closed by the heads of springs 17 and 171
respectively. In this manner, the pin 14 moving upward and downward with
the bifurcated lever 12 is pressed by the springs 17 and 171 respectively into the
one or other slot on the side of the ridge 16 and thus effects a movement of the

page_text: fork 13 and the bobbin of the upper thread c to the one or other side of the bobbin
box slot 11 receiving the lower thread b so that a surrounding or looping of this
lower thread on the likewise resulting upward and downward movement of the
bobbin box for the upper thread by this thread is effected.
The knotting of the lower and upper thread is caused, as already stated, by
forming a loop and crossing the said lower thread and passing the bobbin box for
the upper thread e into the formed loop of the lower thread bin such a manner
that the crossing portions of the loop enter the slot 11 of the lowered bobbin
box 10 so that on the said movement of the upper thread and its bobbin, the
upper thread is twisted round the crossing portions of the lower thread and by
tightening or tensioning the lower thread a tight or firm knot is obtained.
The forming of a loop and crossing of the lower thread parts forming this
loop is effected by means of the so-called loop forming device. The same is a
scissors-like tool consisting of the arms 18, 18 with projections or lugs 19, 191
rotatable on a pin 20. These arms and lugs are provided with inclined
or wedge-shaped surfaces which, on the longitudinal movement, operate the
arms 18 and 181 by means of the stationary guides 22 and 23 secured to
a holder 21, the hooked ends of such arms 18 and 181 engaging with lower
thread and on the continuation of their engaging movement beyond the end
position on rotating on the pin 20 form a loop at the same time crossing the
lower thread (Fig. 5). The forward and backward movement of the loop form-
ing device is effected by a rod 24 carrying the pin 20, such rod being guided
in the sleeve Q and operated by a double lever 25, 26 rotatably mounted at 27
on the standard J and operated by the cam S of the sleeve H on the shaft G.
For effecting a quarter rotation of the rod 24 and of the loop forming device
for the purpose of crossing the lower thread, the rod 24 is provided with a
lateral pin or projection 28 moving in a slot of the sleeve Q. This slot consists
of a part 29 straight or parallel to the direction in which the rod 24 moves and
a part, likewise straight and parallel, which communicates with the former part 29
by a curved slot 291; the curved slot acting in such a manner that on the
pin 28 passing over from the straight slotted part 29 through the curve slot into
the parallel slot, a quarter rotation of the rod 24 with the loop making device
is effected.
This movement of the pin 28 on the rod 24 is effected by means of a lever 30
which is movably mounted at 31 and whose forked end 32 engages the pin 28
in order to effect its aforesaid movement. Figs. 8 and 9 show the corresponding
different positions of the pin according to the different positions of the loop
making device. The bifurcated lever 30 is operated by the third cam T on the
sleeve H a small roller 33 on the free arm of the lever engaging in the groove
of the cam T.
The formation of a knot is shown in Fig. 10, 11 and 12 and is readily under-
stood by following the letters of reference of the lower and upper thread. The
knot however is of a different form as previously stated to that which would be
produced by the cam R illustrated which is only adapted to give one reciprocation
of the holder for each revolution of shaft G.
The automatic feed of the bobbin holder 1 for the lower thread is effected by
the device shown on a larger scale in Fig. 13. The same consists of a ratchet
pawl 34 whose pivots 35 can be moved up and down in longitudinal slots 36 of
the arm 37. The tapered arm 341 of the pawl 34 engages in the stationary
rack E, whilst the enlarged arm 342 is forced down by the descending bobbin
box 10. The arm 342 is under the control of a spiral spring 38, which is tensioned
by the depression of the arm; on the further descent of the bobbin box and
downward movement of the pivots 35 in the slots 36, so that the transmission
of the carrier D) on the rack E and after the ascent of the bobbin box, the
releasing of the arm 34 of the pawl is effected. A spring-actuated catch 39
engaging in the rack E ensures the secure position of the bobbin holder D) whose
spring effects in the said manner the tightening of the lower thread for

page_text: forming a tight knot. The spring 3 can of course also be substituted by a
weight or any other equivalent device. The described device for shifting the
bobbin holder for the lower thread can likewise be dispensed with and be sub-
stituted by tensioning the lower thread by hand or for instance by means of
a weight.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare, that
what we claim is:-
1/. An improved automatic machine for binding or securing hanks or skeins
of yarn, thread or other material, in which the upper thread arranged in form of a
ball or bobbin in an upward and downward moving bobbin holder for looping round
the lower thread enclosed by the bobbin holder, can be moved in this carrier or
holder from one side to the other while for effecting a knotting of the upper
and lower thread the latter is drawn out into a loop by a scissors-like tool and
by a partial rotation of this tool is crossed, on which crossing portions the upper
thread loops or twists are laid, whilst by tensioning the lower thread, the knot
is drawn tight substantially as described and shown in the drawings.
2/. In the machine as described in Claim 1/, the arrangement according to
which the operation of the upward and downward moving bobbin holder for the
upper thread and of the slidable and rotatable loop making device for the lower
thread is effected by cams R, S, T of a grooved shaft G with sleeve H substan-
tially as described and shown in the drawings.
3/. In the machine as described in Claim 1/, the arrangement according to
which the frame J carrying the driving device for the various mechanisms and
also these latter is locked and intermittently and automatically shifted or fed
by a disc M rigidly secured to the sleeve H such disc engaging with its rim M¹
in a stationary rack L whilst an adjustable part M2 of the rim pivoted on a central
pin effects the automatic feed and reversal substantially as described and shown
in the drawings.
4/. In the machine as described in Claim 1/, the device for moving upward
and downward the bobbin holder for the upper thread consisting of the levers
and rods 1, 4, 5 operated by the cam R such levers and rods also effecting the
upward and downward movement of the fork 12 for the upper thread bobbin,
whose lateral movement is effected by the guide plate 15 provided with a recessed
ridge 16 for the pin 14 of the fork substantially as described and shown in the
drawings.
5/. In the machine as described in Claim 1/ the device for operating the loop
forming device consisting of the lever 25, 26 operated by the cam S such lever
engaging with the guided rod 24 of the loop forming device substantially as
described and shown in the drawings.
6/. In the machine as described in Claim 1/, the device for effecting a part
rotation of the loop forming device consisting of a guide slot 29, 291 of the
sleeve Q receiving a pin 28 of the rod 24 of the loop forming device, such pin
being moved by a bifurcated lever 30 operated by the cam T substantially as
described and shown in the drawings.
7/. In the machine as described in Claim 1/ the device for automatically shift-
ing the bobbin holder D for the lower thread consisting of the spring-actuated
ratchet pawl 34 operated by the descending bobbin box 10 such pawl being
provided with a slidable pivot 35 and engaging in a stationary rack E substan-
tially as described and shown in the drawings.
Dated the Ofth day of Naramber 1898.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
Chartered Patent Agent, London, Filing Agent.