Machine for Loosening and Drying Yarns and Threads after Starching, Dyeing, and like Operations.
Year: 1894

page_text: COMPLETE DIECIERAx
Machine for Loosening and Drying Yarns and Threads after Starching,
Dyeing, and like Operations.
I, JOHANN THEODOR BLASS, Mechanical Engineer, of Seifhennersdorf, in the
Kingdom of Saxony, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a machine for loosening dyed, starched or moistened
yarn, its object being to remedy the serious inconvenience which has been found in
the dyeing industry to arise from the fact that, after the dyeing or analogous
operations, the yarn treated was unsuited for further manipulation by reason of he
individual threads or strands, of which it was composed, adhering to each other.
To make further use of the yarn, therefore, it was necessary to loosen and separate
such threads or strands from each other by hand labour. For this purpose, the
workmen had to take up each skein of yarn singly, while it was wet, and to loosen
it by striking with it a block of wood secured to the wall. Now, it is scarcely
necessary to point out the many drawbacks which must result from such a mode of
operation, for it is clear, that, while by thus treating the yarn its quality, is sure to
be more or less impaired, the loss of time and labour involved in the process alone
suffices to condemn it.
The purpose of this machine is, to replace the hand labour just referred to by
mechanical operation, and the machine differs from other similar mechanism
hitherto devised, in this particular, that in it the dyed, starched or steeped yarn is
suspended from a revolving arm and is caused to strike the anvil block, while that
arm is in rotary motion. The yarn to be loosened is, to this end, clamped or com-
pressed between two rollers, and retained in this position. A further object of the
improved arrangement is, to impart to the yarn the requisite amount of firmness,
without however making it positively rigid. And lastly it may be mentioned, that
as the yarn is being swung through the air loosely, it is dried at the same time as
the threads are rapidly disentangled by the strokes against the block.
The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying
drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a machine embodying my invention;
Fig. 2 is a sectional front elevation thereof;
Figs. 3, 6 and 7 show part of the yarn carrier on an enlarged scale; and
Figs. 4 and 5 represent a modification of the block arranged for the yarn to
strike against, in two detached views.
8 5
Within the
The machine comprises a frame b, which may be made of either wood or metal,
and which carries a shaft w adapted to turn in two bearings
machine frame there are mounted upon the shaft w two belt pulleys a (Figs. 1
and 2), and the shaft w further carries, at each end, an arm e, termed the "yarn-
carrier." The construction of the yarn-carrying mechanism, part of which is
shown on an enlarged scale in Figs. 3, 6 and 7, may be described as follows; each
of the upper rollers i (Figs. 2 and 3), made preferably of hard wood, and the
diameter of which is gradually reduced towards the middle of their length is
Immediately
adapted to turn upon a spindle secured to the arme by screws z.
below or above the said roller, another roller, f, is arranged, which also decreases
in diameter towards its central part, and is similar to the rollers i in construction,
the only difference being, that it is made of thin metal and covered with india-
rubber on its periphery. The mode of attachment of the rollers f is similar to

page_text: that of the rollers i, a screw p being for the purpose provided on the yarn carrying
arm e.
The pressure roller is retained in the position, in which it is shown in the
drawings, by springs h and g. One of these springs h, exercises its pressure upon
the pivot or spindle n, whereon the said roller frotates and which is provided with a
rivet-head; and the other spring g bears upon the side of a hinge k which is kept
in a straight position. Owing to this arrangement, the roller may be turned in
the direction of the arrow I, until it occupies the position shown in Fig. 6 by dotted
lines, and will then be retained in the turned up position by the spring g. This is
an important feature of the arrangement, as it facilitates the introduction and
removal of the yarn. The flat springs hand g, which should be somewhat
powerful, also serve to keep the rollers together, as they rotate, so that the yarn
cannot slip out by passing over them.
A second arm, similar in construction to the first, is arranged on the opposite
side of the machine.
The wet yarn is placed between the rollers i and, whereupon the machine is set
in motion. While rotates, the hanks strike a rounded block of wood c, whereby
the individual threads or strands of the yarn are loosened, and consequently the
same operation is performed by machinery which previously had to be done by
hand labour.
Figs. 4 and 5 are views of a modified form of the block, against which the yarn
is made to strike in the course of the operation, Fig. 4 being a longitudinal section,
and, Fig. 5 a plan thereof.
Its arrangement is as follows; to the frame b, Figs. 4 and 5, there is secured on
one side a slotted angle-iron r, the attachment being preferably made by screws,
while to another portion of the frame, b', there is secured a slotted plate u, the
beam b¹ being also slotted. To these pieces there is firmly secured by means of
screws 1 and 2 an iron bar t, the front part a of which is round, as indicated by the
drawing, and carries a roller c, preferably of wood, of which it thus forms the sup-
porting shaft. To avoid any lateral displacement of this roller, it is locked on the
right hand side by means of screw-nuts . When the yarn-carriers i move towards
the roller c, the yarn strikes the said roller in the manner stated. The slots enable
the distance between this roller and the yaru-carrying roller-and consequently the
yarn itself to be adjusted at will. The advantage of this arrangement over
the ordinary block, as shown in Fig. 1, is that the yarn, in this case, is not liable
to be damaged by the edges of the block, the surface against with it strikes being
cylindrical. It need hardly be mentioned, that a similar roller should be arranged
on the opposite side of the machine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A rotary machine for loosening and drying yarn, comprising in its construction
two yarn rollers mounted on a rotary arm, a wooden block, and a spring-actuated
pressure roller adapted to be turned up and down, the whole being constructed
and adapted to operate substantially as described with reference to the drawings.
2. In a loosening and drying machine of the type described above, an anvil block
consisting of a roller c mounted on an adjustable axle, substantially as described,
and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 6th day of June 1894.
FAIRFAX & WETTER,
433, Strand, London, Agents.