Improvements in Open Hearth Furnaces.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Oct., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 13th May, 1899-Accepted, 1st July, 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Open Hearth Furnaces.
I, GEORGE WILLIAM JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (which has
been communicated to me from abroad by the Wellman-Seaver Engineering
Company, a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Ohio, and
engaged in business at Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America,) to be as
follows:-
The object of this invention is to so construct an open hearth furnace as to
materially increase the strength and durability thereof, as compared with present
constructions.
According to this invention the metallic shell of the furnace consists of a box,
or tank, of trapezoidal, cross sectional form, that is to say, it is wider at top than
at bottom the sides having a slight flare outwardly from bottom to top. It is
lined with fire brick, or other refractory material, and has an acid, or basic, bottom
for action upon the metal contained in the furnace, the roof being arched trans-
versely, and also, by preference, arched slightly at each end.
The bottom of the said box, or tank, rests upon transverse beams, disposed at
suitable distances apart throughout the length of the furnace and secured at their
opposite ends to longitudinal girders which extend throughout the length of the
furnace and are secured to, and upheld by, transverse supporting structures which
are composed of heavy castings, preferably of steel, as many of these supporting
structures being employed as the size and weight of the furnace may require.
Each of the supporting structures may present a convex under surface so that
it can rock upon its supporting pedestal in order to permit of the tipping, or
tilting, of the furnace for the purpose of discharging its contents through the
usual pouring spout. This tipping, or tilting, operation may be effected by means
of hydraulic cylinders, one pivoted to each of the pedestals, each cylinder having a
piston with rod connected to suitable brackets on the furnace casing or other means
of tipping the furnace may be adopted, or the furnace may if desired be a fixed
structure having castings rigidly mounted upon their pedestals.
The sides of the furnace casing are braced and stiffened by means of buck staves
composed of ordinary "I" section beams, or channels, and so disposed throughout
the length of the furnace as to impart the desired degree of strength thereto, the
upper portions of the buck staves on opposite sides of the furnace, being connected
by transverse beams which, as to their under faces, conform to the arched top of
the furnace so that they not only serve to connect the opposite buck staves together
but also to stiffen and strengthen the arched top of the furnace and prevent it
from losing its proper shape, or being destroyed by the action of the heat tending
to force upward the crown of the arch.
The buck staves are connected together at the top by external longitudinal
channel bars, and the transverse top braces are also connected by means of longi-
tudinal angles so as to increase the stiffness and rigidity of the furnace-carrying
structur

page_text: By reason of the outwardly flaring form of the sides of the furnace structure
the lateral dimensions of the furnace are increased from bottom to top with corre-
sponding increase of capacity and the buck staves support the furnace more
effectively than they would do if they were vertical, and more effective anchorage
for the arched top of the furnace is secured.
The buck staves, interposed' between the furnace shell and the longitudinal
girders, serve to form air spaces between the said furnace shell and the girders,
which air spaces protect the girders in a measure from the heat of the furnace,
this object being further attained by providing the girders with refractory linings.
These air spaces also add greatly to the safety of the longitudinal girders in the
event of a burn-out of the furnace bottom which would permit escape of the molten
metal from the furnace.
The entire weight of the furnace is borne by the transverse supports, their sup-
porting function being transmitted to the bottom girders. and buck staves through
the medium of the longitudinal side girders, thus providing an extremely strong,
rigid, and durable, metallic supporting structure for the furnace.
The furnace may be provided at each end with a moveable flue structure having
rollers mounted upon suitable rails upon the fixed flue structure at the end of the
furnace so that the said moveable flue structures can be drawn back out of contact
with the ends of the furnace when it is desired to tip or tilt the same, suitable
water cooled frames, or casings, serving to prevent such heating of the meeting
portions of the furnace and flue structure as would cause the refractory material
to fuse together.
The joints between the flues in the fixed flue structure and those in the move-
able flue structure, are closed by water seals of such character as not to interfere
with the desired movement of the said moveable flue structure.
Dated this 3rd day of October 1898
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,, Agents.
1
Improvements in Open Hearth Furnaces.
1, GEORGE WILLIAM JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
London Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention (which has
been communicated to me from abroad by the Wellman-Seaver Engineering
Company, a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Ohio, and
engaged in business at Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America) and in what
manner the same is to be performed. to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to so construct an open hearth furnace as to
materially increase the strength and durability thereof as compared with present
constructions.
I will describe the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in
which
Figure 1, is a transverse section of an open hearth furnace constructed in accord-
ance with this invention.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of one half of the furnace.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of the other half of the furnace.
Figure 4 is a plan or top view of one half of the furnace; and
Figure 5, is a sectional plan of the other half of the furnace.
The metallic shell of the furnace consists of a box or tank of trapezoidal cross

page_text: sectional form, that is to say, it is wider at top than at bottom, the sides having
a slight flare outwardly from bottom to top. It is lined with fire brick or other
refractory material and has an acid, or basic, bottom for action upon the metal
contained in the furnace, the roof being arched transversely as shewn in Figure 1
and also, by preference, arched slightly at each end as shewn in Figure 3.
The bottom of the said box or tank rests upon transverse beam's 1 disposed at
suitable distances apart throughout the length of the furnace and secured at their
opposite ends to longitudinal girders 2, which extend throughout the length of
the furnace and are secured to, and upheld by, transverse supporting structures 3,
which are composed of heavy castings, preferably of steel, as many of these sup-
porting structures being employed as the size and weight of the furnace may
require, two being employed in the furnace shewn in the drawings. Each of them
presents a convex under surface so that it can rock upon a supporting pedestal 4
in order to permit of the tipping or tilting of the furnace for the purpose of
discharging its contents through the pouring spout.
In the furnace shewn in the drawing this tipping or tilting operation is effected
by means of hydraulic cylinders 5, one of which is pivoted to each of the pedestals
and has a piston with its rod 6 connected to suitable brackets on the furnace
casing, but other means for tipping the furnace may be adopted or the furnace
may, if desired, be a fixed structure having the castings 3 rigidly mounted upon
their pedestals.
The sides of the furnace casing are braced and stiffened by means of buck
staves 7, composed of ordinary "I" section beams, or channels, and so disposed
throughout the length of the furnace as to impart the desired degree of strength
thereto, the upper portions of the said buck staves, on opposite sides of the furnace,
being connected by transverse beams or braces 8 which, as to their under faces,
conform to the arched top of the furnace as shewn in Figure 1, so that they not
only serve to connect the opposite buck staves together but also to stiffen and
strengthen the arched top of the furnace and prevent it from losing its proper
shape or being destroyed by the action of the heat tending to force the crown of
the arch upwards.
The buck staves 7 are connected together at the top by external longitudinal
channel bars 9 and the transverse braces 8 are also connected by means of longi-
tudinal angles 10 so as to increase the stiffness and rigidity of the furnace-carry-
ing structure.
By reason of the outwardly flaring form of the sides of the furnace structure
the lateral dimensions of the furnace are increased from bottom to top with corre-
sponding increase of capacity and the buck staves support the furnace more
effectively than they would do if they were vertical, and a more effective anchorage
for the arched top of the furnace is secured.
The buck staves 7, interposed between the furnace shell and the girders 2, serve
to form air spaces 11 between the said furnace shell and the girders, which air
spaces serve to protect the girders in a measure from the heat of the furnace, this
object being further attained by providing the girders with linings 12 of suitable
refractory material. These air spaces also add greatly to the safety of the longi-
tudinal girders in the event of a burn-out of the furnace bottom, which would
permit escape of the molten metal from the furnace.
The entire weight of the furnace is borne by the transverse supports 3, their
supporting function being transmitted to the bottom girders 1 and Duck staves 7
through the medium of the longitudinal girders 2, thus providing an extremely
strong, rigid and durable metallic supporting structure for the furnace.
As shewn in the drawings the furnace is provided at each end with a moveable
flue structure 12 having rollers 13 mounted upon suitable rails upon the fixed
flue structure 14 at the ends of the furnace, so that the said moveable flue
structures can be drawn back out of contact with the ends of the furnace, when it
is desired to tip or tilt the same, suitable water cooled frames, or casings, 16

page_text: and 17, serving to prevent such heating of the meeting portions of the furnace
and flue structure as would cause the refractory material to fuse together.
The joints between the flues in the fixed flue structure 14, and those in the move-
able flue structure 12, are closed by water seals of such a character as not to inter-
fere with the desired movement of the said flue structure 12, but the method of
constructing and mounting the moveable flue structures forms no part of the
present invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed. I declare that what
I claim is;-
1. An open hearth furnace having at the bottom a series of transverse supports,
longitudinal girders at the opposite sides of the furnace to which the said trans-
verse supports are secured, the said girders also carrying transverse base beams
and upright buck staves at the sides of the furnace, and serving as a means for
connecting the said base beams and buck staves to the transverse supports sub-
siantially as described.
2. An open hearth furnace having an arched roof with buck staves at the
opposite sides of the furnace projecting above the arched roof thereof, and trans-
verse braces connecting the said buck staves, the said transverse braces conforming
to and having a bearing on the said arched roof and serving to retain the same
in shape, substantially as described.
3. An open hearth furnace having transverse base beams and transverse sup-
porting structures at the base, upright buck staves at the sides, longitudinal side
girders connected to the said buck staves and also to the transverse base beams and
transverse supporting structures, and serving as a means of connecting the base
beams and buck staves to the said supporting structures, and transverse stay
beams connecting the portions of the buck staves which project above the roof of
the furnace, substantially as described.
4. An open hearth furnace having transverse supports, intervening transverse
base beams, upright buck staves at the sides of the furnace, and longitudinal side
girders serving to connect the said supports to the base beams and buck staves,
the said transverse supports having convex under faces mounted upon fixed
pedestals so as to permit of the tipping or tilting of the furnace, substantially as
described.
5. An open hearth furnace having transverse base beams and supports, upright
buck staves at the sides, and longitudinal girders secured to the outer sides of said
buck staves and also to the base structure of the furnace so that air spaces inter-
vene between the said girders and the furnace shell or casing, substantially as
described.
6. The arrangement and combination of parts constituting an improved open
hearth furnace substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accom-
panying drawings.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.