AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PROVISIONAL SPFICATION APPARATUS FOR HEATING WATER FOR WARMING CONSERVATORIES AND BUILDINGS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Deards, of Harlow, in the County of
Essex, Engineer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Deards at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th March 1872.
I, SAMUEL DEARDs, of Harlow, in the County of Essex, Engineer,
5 do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR HEATING WATER FOR WARMING CONSERVATORIES AND
BUILDINGS," to be as follows:-
OTHER
The object of my Invention is to construct an apparatus of an
inexpensive character, and which will consume only a small quantity of
) fuel.
My apparatus is constructed as follows:-I take a cylinder or other
close vessel or structure having an ordinary inlet for air and a flue for
carrying off the products of combustion. Within this cylinder and near

page_text: the bottom thereof is an ordinary grating, and above the grating is a
close coil of piping which fits inside the cylinder and forms as it were
a jacket to the fire or fuel upon the grating. The two ends of this coil
of piping communicate respectively with an ordinary flow pipe and
ordinary return pipe leading to and from the conservatory or other
building to be warmed. The fire being lighted, the water in the coil
becomes heated and a circulation is thus kept up in the pipes which are
situated in the conservatory or other building. With this apparatus a
very great amount of heat in proportion to the fuel consumed is imparted
to the water, and it has been found that when the fuel is fully supplied
and lighted the same will burn for at least 8 hours without attention.
As there is only one passage or current for the water the apparatus is
self-cleansing, differing in this result from other apparatus for warming
buildings which are liable to corrosion and stoppage.
The chief feature of my improved apparatus is the coil of piping
arranged and heated in the manner explained.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Samuel Deards in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 13th September 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
DEARDS, of Harlow, in the County of Essex, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Samuel Deards, Her special licence that
I, the said Samuel Deards, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Samuel Deards, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR HEATING
WATER FOR WARMING CONSERVATORIES AND OTHER BUILDINGS," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said Samuel Deards, my executors

page_text: or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or onė
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Deards, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, that is to say :-
The object of my Invention is to construct an apparatus of an inex-
pensive character, and which will consume only a small quantity of
fuel.
My apparatus is arranged as follows:-I construct a cylinder or other
close vessel or structure having an inlet for air and a flue for carrying
off the products of combustion. Within this structure and near the
bottom thereof is a grating or fire-place, and above the grating or fire-
place is a close coil of piping. The two ends of this coil of piping
communicate respectively with an ordinary flow pipe and ordinary
return pipe leading to and from the conservatory or other building to
'be warmed. Between the coil and the cylindrical structure flues are
formed by means of perpendicular plates, which are so arranged as to
form a continuous up and down or zig-zag flue through which the gases
from the fire within the coil pass before entering the exit flue or chimney.
The fire being lighted the water in the coil becomes heated, and a cir-
culation is thus kept up in the pipes which are situated in the conservatory
or other building.
Figure 1 of the annexed Drawings is a side elevation, and Figure 2, a
plan of an apparatus constructed according to my Invention, the outer
structure being in each Figure shewn in section.
A is a cylindrical structure of brickwork having at the bottom thereof
a fire-place B, provided with doors for feeding the fire, and for regu-
lating the admission of air; the cylindrical structure A is also pro-
vided with a flue for carrying off the products of combustion. Above
the fire-place B is a close coil of piping C, the upper end of which com-
municates with a flow pipe D leading to the conservatory or other build-
ing to be warmed, while the lower end is in communication with a

page_text: -
return pipe E. Between the cylindrical structure A and the coil C is
an annular space, which is in communication at one part with the interior
of the coil of piping, and at another part with the exit flue. This annular
space is divided by perpendicular plates F; arranged as shewn so as to
form a zig-zag flue, through which the gases from the fire within the coil
pass before reaching the exit flue. The coil is thus heated internally by
the fire, and externally by the gases passing up and down the zig-zag flue.
To construct the close coil of piping I prefer to make it according to
Bell's mode of half segments of a circle continuously jointed together
by cast-iron clips. At each end of the segment is cast a screw; the two
segments are placed together, being turned and faced to form a true
joint. The clips forming the joint are cast on, and a tight joint is made
by the contraction of the clips.
The internal diameter of the coil pipe is, say, 4 inches, and the external
diameter 5 inches. The lower end of the coil is connected with the
return pipe E by a T pipe G, as shewn; any sediment or deposit from
the water will collect in the bottom of the T pipe, and may readily be
removed.
With apparatus constructed according to my Invention a very great
amount of heat in proportion to the fuel consumed is imparted to
the water, and it has been found that when the fuel is fully supplied
and lighted the same will burn for from 9 to 15 hours without attention.
As there is only one passage or current for the water the apparatus is self-
cleansing, differing in this respect from other apparatus for warming
buildings which are liable to corrosion and stoppage.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim, con-
structing water heating apparatus for conservatories and other buildings
with a close coil of piping arranged and heated in the manner herein-
before described and represented in the annexed Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Deards, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of September One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-two.