IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RIVETTING THE SOLES OF BOOTS AND SHOES TO THE UPPERS, AND PARING AND FINISHING THE EDGES OF THE SOLES AND HEELS, AND FINISHING THE BOTTOMS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Henry Southall, of Leeds, in the County
of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
RIVETTING THE SOLES OF BOOTS AND SHOES TO THE UPPERS, AND PARING
AND FINISHING THE EDGES OF THE SOLES AND HEELS, AND FINISHING THE
BOTTOMS."
Sealed the 24th December 1872, and dated the 3rd October 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Henry Southall
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 3rd October 1872.
I, CHARLES HENRY.SOUTHALL, of Leeds, in the County of York, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR RIVETTING THE SOLES OF BOOTS AND SHOES TO THE UPPERS, AND
PARING AND FINISHING THE EDGES, OF THE SOLES AND HEELS, AND FINISHING THE
BOTTOMS," to be as follows :—
This Invention.consists in various improved arrangements and com-
hinations of mochinom lo

page_text: Fourth. Filing and glazing the waists or bottoms of the soles.
Fifth. Breasting the heels.
And sixth. Levelling or filing the surfaces of the heels.
To accomplish the first operation I construct a machine with a
vertical cam shaft which receives motion from a horizontal shaft driven
by ordinary pulley, and geared in the usual way with properly arranged
bevel wheels, and these two shafts carry the cams for driving the rivets,
for feeding the rivets, for giving the feed motion, for moving the boot, and
the squeezing motion for pressing the sole firmly to the uppers whilst
the rivet is being driven; and I also use a picking up motion which is
driven by a bevel wheel placed in a proper position on the cam shaft.
To
The operation is performed in the following manner :-In a semi-
circular box placed vertically and open at the top I place the loose rivets
and picker in revolving picks up one and deposits it in a slide a few
inches long placed in a slanting position, the lower end of this slide
being slotted to admit of the pointed end of the rivet falling through,
whilst the head is retained; the rivet thus leaves the slide point down-
ward and enters into a hole prepared for it in a circular plate, and then
it is. carried forward by a feed motion, to be hereafter described.
prevent the rivets from dropping through this plate a stationary plate
the same size is fixed underneath with one hole only at the front, against
which the boot sole is pressed, and through which the rivets are driven
into the sole as they are carried forward. The plunger which drives the
rivet is made at its lower end to fit these holes, and is driven through
them at every stroke, thereby clearing it of its contents, and this plunger
is worked by a lever worked by a cam on the cam shaft. After the
rivet is driven the plunger, by the arrangement of another lever and
cam, is made to move the plate containing the rivets a proper distance,
thereby bringing another rivet over the hole through which they are all
driven. The motion of the boot is obtained by making a template of
similar form to the boot sole and fixing a stud a certain distance from
the centre of the toe, and by boring a hole in the last the same distance
from the centre of the toe and placing the last on the stud, the template
and boot sole become parallel and may be considered as one object, and
E

page_text: as the template moves so also will the boot. The template works in a
joint fixed on a table having straight sides and a semicircular end, and
its edge between two fixed rollers, and under the table there is a rack
placed at a uniform distance from the edge, so that the centre of the
boot may be in line with it and move in the same way, and the table
works on a slide with a centre on which the whole may revolve. The
object is to begin at one corner of the hoel, pass along one side of the
boot, round the toe, and then down the other side, and as the centre of
the boot toe, the centre of the template, and the centre of the table all
correspond, they may be said to be the same. The centre stud of the
slide is turned and fitted into a bearing prepared for it in an upright
pedestal which carries the shaft and pinion for giving motion to the rack
and table, and the length of this pedestal is about three feet, but it can
be made any required length, and its lower end is jointed to allow it to
work backward and forward, a spring being placed behind it to keep it
forward. The shaft carrying the pinion which drives the rack has a
universal joint at its lower end, so that it may move backward and
forward. The table boot and all its appendages are required to rise or
fall to suit the inequalities of the boot solc, and therefore I use a
balanced lever, similar to a scale beam properly weighted, the boot table
and its appendages being moved by a suitable feed motion driven by a
cam on the cam shaft. Thus every time the cam shaft revolves the
picker takes up a rivet and deposits in a slide down which it travels till
it arrives at the slotted part, and then the point of the rivet falls down-
wards by its own gravity, and thus slides forward into the hole prepared
for it in the circular plate, and thus it is carried forward in its turn to
the front when the plunger drives it into the boot sole, and then tho
boot is moved on by the motion before described.
The second part of my Invention consists in improved arrangements
for paring the edges of the soles and heels. On a table like the one
described in the process of rivetting a boot is placed, but instead of
letting it move backward and forward and up and down I make it work
in a fixed centre bolted to a suitable frame, and the up-and-down and
backward-and-forward motion is obtained by placing the paring tools in
an arm lever, with an elbow joint placed at one end of an angle lever,
a weight hung on the other giving the pressure required to keep the
tool. properly to its work, and this lever has the appearance of an
ordinary square, the fulcrum being at the elbow. "Motion is given to

page_text: the rack by means of a pinion placed on a vertical shaft, receiving.
motion from ordinary bevil wheels geared in the usual manner, one being
placed on a horizontal shaft underneath the table. In this manner it
can either be driven by hand or power by simply putting on a driving
pulley or a winch handle, and on the larger bevel wheel is placed catch 5
or clutch boxes, which are thrown out of gear by a suitable arrange-
ment when the boot has travelled the distance required. The tool I use
for paring is made to cut both ways, that is to say, in going from one
corner of the heel to the other and also in returning, and to accomplish
this I get a block or casting from a proper pattern, to which I fix two 1
knives, each being sections of a circle, the cutting edges being opposite
each other when in position, and both being properly bedded to the
block or casting, and the farther the edges are removed from each other
the thicker will be the shaving cụt, and vice versa, and underneath these
knives I place a guard to run between the sole and upper of the boots. 1
The middle place between the edges of these two blades I call the
cutting point, and in this place, but on the contrary side of the casting,
I fix the stud which carries the tool. This stud works in a cranked
holder to which is affixed another stud at right angle, and is made to fit
the arm lever in which it works, and I also arrange a nose piece to work 2
on the sole of the boots, and by means of springs cause it to expand or
contract to suit the inequalities of the leather.
My third arrangement is constructed like the last one with this
difference, instead of the pair of bevel wheels which give motion to the
table, I substitute a properly arranged change motion worked by a lever
and cams fixed on the table. The heels are pared and glazed just in the
same manner as the soles, only the heel part is brought over the semi-
circular end of the rack. This is done by having a properly shaped block
fixed in its proper position on the table, and then slipping the boot over
it and holding the heel tight on it by means of a lever and screw.
In my fourth arrangement I place a last with a boot or shoc upon it,
or a block similar in form to a last, over which is slipped the boot or
shoe on a pivot secured in a cradle by a screw, the cradle being so con-
structed that it moves to and fro laterally. The centres or bearings on
which the cradle works are placed so that they come as near as possible
opposite the toe and heel of the boot, and thereby keep the sole in its
proper position for being acted upon by a file and burnisher employed
for finishing the bottoms. The lateral motion of the boot is slow, but

page_text: the file and burnisher move quickly in a longitudinal direction over the
entire length of the boot sole or any part thereof, and to obtain this
motion I place first the file and then the burnisher in an arm lever, to
which motion is imparted by means of another lever having one end
connected to it, and the other end connected by a rod to an adjustable
crank used for obtaining a longer or shorter stroke, and weights are
attached to the arm lever for obtaining the required pressure. The fast
motion for driving the arm lever, and the slow motion for working the
cradle are obtained from two vertical shafts geared by bevel wheels to
the driving shaft, and the cradle is changed from one position to another
as required by cams which call into action the change motion.
The fifth part of my Invention.consists in certain improved arrange-
ments for cutting or trimming the breasts of the heels of boots. For
this purpose I use a stationary knife or cutter in conjunction with a
properly constructed fence, guard, or stop, so arranged that the surplus
leather may be cut cleanly off without any injury being done to the sole,
the knife being adjustable so that any depth of cut may be taken. The
boot is slipped on a block having a hole, fitting the end of a screw in
such manner that the screw, may be turned without the block, and force
the part to be cut against the knife until the sole comes in contact with
the stop, thereby cutting off the uneven leather.
The sixth part of my Invention consists in an improved mode of
cleaning and levelling the surfaces of the heels. I accomplish this by
bolting or screwing to a face plate a file or cutter about three inches
square and about three-eighths of an inch in thickness, and give
revolving motion to the face plate and cutter by ordinary pulleys. In
front of the file or cutter there is a rest against which the breast of the
heel is held whilst the surface of the heel is pressed against the file or
cutter, and I prefer bringing the centre of the heel as near as possible
the centre of the file and face plate, although it may be placed in any
other position, and the rest is made adjustable so that it may suit either
large or small heels.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said Charles Henry Southall in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 3rd April 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
HENRY SOUTHALL, of Leeds, in the County of York, sond greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of October, in the of
ycar
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Charles Henry Southall, Her special license
that I, the said Charles Henry Southall, my exccutors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles Henry Southall, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR RIVETTING THE SOLES OF BOOTS AND SHOES TO THE UPPERS, AND
PARING AND FINISHING THE EDGES OF THE SOLES AND HEELS, AND FINISHING THE
BOTTOMS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Charles
Henry Southall, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Henry Southall, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement (that is to say) :-
This Invention consists in improved arrangements and combinations
of machinery to be employed.

page_text: www
Sixthly. For filing and glazing the waists or bottoms of the soles.
Seventhly. For breasting or trimming the heels.
•
And Eighthly. For filing or leveling the surface of the heels.
This Invention will be clearly understood by the following particular
description thereof, reference being had to the figures on the accom-
panying five Sheets of Drawings and to the letters of reference marked
thercon, the letters referring to each part separately:-
On Sheet 1, Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a machine for accomplishing
the rivetting operation, and Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5, are detached views of
some of the parts. In suitable bearings in the frame a there is a vertical
cam shaft b, which receives motion from a horizontal shaft c driven by
an ordinary pulley, the shaft c being geared to the vertical shaft d in
the usual way by properly arranged bevil wheels d; and these two shafts
carry all the requisite cams, namely, the cam e for driving the rivetts,
the cam f for feeding the rivets, the cam g for giving the feed motion
for moving the boot, and the cam for giving the squeezing motion for
pressing the sole firmly to the upper whilst the rivet is being driven in.
I also use a picking up motion driven by a bevil wheel gearing into
the bevil wheel; on the vertical shaft b, the operation of the picking up
motion being as follows:-In a partly circular box k held vertically and
open at the top I place the loose rivets and fix a hooked arm or picker
up on the bevil wheel i, so that when the picker up revolves it picks
up a rivet and deposits it in an inclined vee shaped shoot or slide m, the
bottom end of the shoot being slotted to admit of the pointed end of
the rivet to fall through whilst the head is retained until the rivet leaves
the shoot with its point downwards and passes through a slot n in the
rim o of a stationary plate p into one of a number of holes q in a
revolving circular plate r, to which intermittent revolving motion is
given. The rivets are prevented from dropping through the holes in
the circular plate until required by the plate p, which has a single hole
at the front against which the boot is pressed and through which the
rivets are driven into the sole. The plunger & which drives the rivet is
made at its lower end to fit these holes, and is driven through them at
every stroke, thus clearing each hole in the circular plate and the holo

page_text: in the stationary plate of the rivet contained in them, and this plunger
is moved up and down by a levert worked by before-mentioned
cam e on the cam shaft b. After the rivet is driven in the plunger is
raised from the circular and stationary plates p, r, by the cam e and
lever t, and then by means of the cam fi lever u, propeller v, and ratchet
wheel w, the circular plater containing the rivets is mado to move a
sufficient distance to bring another rivet over the hole in the stationary
plate to be driven in by the next downward movement of a plunger 8,
and so on as often as required. The boot is placed on an expanding and
contracting last connected to a template of a similar form to the boot
sole and placed between two rollers y, and as the template and boot solo
are parallel they may be considered as one object, for as the template
moves up and down in its passage between the two rollers y so also will
be the boot. The last is formed of a front block a¹ and a hind block b',
the front block forming the part of the last from about the middle of
the sole to the toe, and the hind block the heel part, and to this hind
block are fixed.pins which enter holes in the front block for the
purpose of keeping both blocks in unison. In the block 6' there is a
screwed hole in which is placed a screw d', having at the front a wheel
or handle e and at the back a plain part f, held to the front block by a
collar and screwed washer, and when the wheel or handle e' is turned in
one direction the last is expanded, and in the reverso direction con-
tracted, thereby adapting the last to different sized boots. The template
works on a joint k¹ fixed on a table A; Figs. 1 and 4 having two straight
sides and one semi circular end; and under the table there is a rack m¹
placed at a uniform distance from the edge, so that the centre of the
boot may be in line with it and move in the same way. The table works
on a slide having a stud or pin n¹ so that the whole can revolve, the
object being to begin at one corner of the heel, pass along one side of
the boot round the toe, and then down the other side, and as the centre
of the boot toe, the centre of the template, and the centre of the table
all correspond, they may be said to be the same. The centro stud n' of
the slide is turned and fitted into the bearing o' prepared for it in an
upright pedestal p', which carries the shaft q' and pinion 7' for giving
motion to the rack and table. The length of the pedestal is about two
or three feet, but it can be made of any required length, and its lower
end is jointed to allow it to work backwards and forwards, a spring st
being placed behind it to keep it forward, and the shaft q' which carries
the pinion has at the bottom a universal joint s², so that it may move

page_text: backward and forward. The table; boot; and all its appendages are re-
quired to rise and fall to suit the inequalities of the boot sole, and there-
fore-a balanced lever u' is used similar to a scale beam properly weighted,
the
squeeze being given to rivet up by the cam h acting on the bowl o'
and levers w¹, z', u'; and the required movement is given to the boot
table with its appendages by a suitable feed motion driven by the cam g
on the cam shaft b; Figs: 1 and 5: Thus every time the cam shaft
revolves the picker-up takes up.a rivet and deposits it on the slide m, .
down which it travels until it arrives at the slotted part to allow the
point of the rivet to fall by its own gravity and slide forward into one of
the holes in the circular plate r; and so on until several holes are filled;
when a rivet is brought to the front by the intermittent revolving
motion of the circular plate the rivet falls through the hole in the
stationary plate and then the plunger drives the rivet into the boot sole
and upper, and when the plunger is raised the boot is moved onward for
the next rivet by the feed motion, and the several operations repeated.
On Sheet 2 Figs. 1 and 2 are side and front elevations of my improved
machinery for paring the edges of the soles, and Figs. 3, 4, and 5 are
full sized views of the tools detached. The boot a is placed on a tem-
plate 6 jointed to the table c similar to that described in the rivetting
machine, and the up and down and forward and backward movements
of the boot are effected in the same manner as those described for the
rivetting. The paring tools are placed in an arm lever e with an elbow
joint fat one end of an angle lever g, a weight and spring giving the
pressure required to keep the tool properly to its work, and this lever has
the appearance of an ordinary square. The fulctum being at the elbow i
motion is given to the rack k by means of a pinion / placed on a vertical
shaft m receiving motion from ordinary bevil wheels n; o, geared in the
usual manner, one being placed on a horizontal shaft p underneath the
table. In this manner it can either be driven by hand by means of a
winch, or by power by simply putting on a driving pulley q. On the
larger bevil wheel n and shaft m are placed catch or clutch boxes rº, 8,
which are kept in gear by pressing the foot on the treadle t, and instantly
thrown out of gear when the foot is removed by the spring u after the
paring is finished, or at any intermediate distance, if required. The tool
I use for paring is made to cut both ways, that is to say, in going from
one corner of the heel to the other, and also in returning, and to accom
plish this I get a block or casting a from a proper pattern, to which I fix

page_text: two knives, cach being segments of a circle, the cutting edges being
opposite each other when in position, and both being properly bedded to
the block or casting, and the farther the edges are removed from each
other the thicker will be the shaving cut, and vice versa, and underncath
these knives I place a guard x to run between the sole and upper of the
boot. The middle place between the edges of these two blades I call the
cutting point, and in this centro, but on the contrary side of the casting,
I fix a pivot y. This pivot works in a cranked holder z, to which is
fixed a pin a³ at right angles, and is made to fit the arm lever e in which
it works, and I also arrange a nose piece f¹ to work on the sole of the
boot, and by means of a spring cause it to expand or contract to suit the
inequalities of the leather.
On Sheet 3 Fig. 1 is a side elevation of one of my improved machines
for polishing or glazing the soles, and Figs. 2 and 3 are side and front
views of 'one of the tools drawn about full size. In this machine the
template a for holding the boot b, the table c to which the template is
jointed, the arm d, and the angle lever e, f,are similar to those described
in the paring machine, and worked in the same manner, but instead of
finishing the operation at one forward and backward movement as in the
paring machine several movements are required, and therefore a properly
arranged self-acting change motion is necessary. The shaft which
carries the pinion geared into the rack i has fixed to it a bevil wheel k
gearing into bevil wheels l, m, loose on the shaft n, each wheel having a
clutch o which can be clutched by a moveable clutch box p on a clutch
fork fixed to the sliding bar q, having a groove in which is placed studs
or pins. To the shaft is fixed a toothed wheel gearing into the
toothed wheel t, working on a stationary stud, and to this wheel & are
adjusted and fixed pins u, which alternately act upon a spring rod v. The
clutch box p, which turns with the shaft n, but can move to and fro
upon it, is out of gear with either of the clutches o, and the boot and all
its appendages are stationary; but when the clutch box is placed in gear
with one of the clutches o the table and boot are moved in one direction
as far as required, and one of the pins & moves the rod and bar q to
place the clutch box in gear with the other clutch o, and thereby cause
the table and boot to move in the reverse direction, and so on alternately
as often as required, the clutches being held in position by the spring
catch to and grooves 2.
The clazing or nolishing tools shown chaud full minn in Thim

page_text: Sheet 3, is placed in a cranked holder fitted to the arm lever d, which
when brought down enables the tool to be pressed against the edge of
the sole by the weight at the lower end of the angle lever, and when
the machine is set on the edge of the sole keeps moving forwards and
backwards in contact with the warmed glazer, polisher, or burnisher,
and soon becomes polished. The glazing, polishing, or burnishing tool
marked a is fixed by a screw 6' to a block c³ fastened to a stud or
pin d' fitting a hole in the cranked holder e', the upper part of the
stud having a centre in contact with the screw fl. The nose piece g¹
has two studs fitting holes in the block c', and also another stud k³
passed through a hole in the block, and connected to a spring / for
enabling the nose piece to expand and contract or move up and down,
according to the inequalities of the leather, and the guard which works
between the sole and the upper is marked m³.
On Slicet 4 Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the machine for paring the
heels of boots and shoes, and Figs. 2, 3, and 4, are full sized views of
one description of improved. paring tools. This machine is similar
to that used for paring the soles, the main difference being, first,
that there is no up and down movement of the boot; secondly, that
the centre of the rack corresponds with the centre of the heel; and,
thirdly, that the rack is much smaller, there being no necessity for
long sides. The table a and rack 6 are horizontal and simply move
forwards when the clutches care in gear by the pressure on the
treadle d, and then moved backwards by hand after the spring e puts
the clutches out of gear. For holding the boot to the table thero
is a holder ƒ jointed to brackets 9 on the table, and to this holder
is linked a bridle having at the top a plate i linked to a pink in a
heel block 2, and at the front of the holder there is a pin or projection m
which when the holder is pushed down can be held by a notched
plate n. In paring heels two things are required, one is, to pare the
seat of the heel level with the upper, and the other to secure a good
shaped top picce. To accomplish these objects I use a jointed or com-
pound, frame q, r, Figs. 1, 2, and 3, Sheet 4. The moveable part q is
employed for carrying the tool or cutter 8, Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, and is
jointed in line with the centres & on which the block carrying the tool
works, and the front part of the stationary frame is rounded, as at u,
and covered with steel, so that it may rub against the upper without
doing any injury, and may thus form a gauge for forming the correct

page_text: shape of the seat. The moveable part 9 of the compound frame which
carries the tool works on two centres, and is drawn and kept to its work
by two spiral springs v, and the centres t on which the tool works are
placed a short distance behind the cutting edge.
To regulate the thickness of the leather intended to be cut off I use
another gauge to placed in front of the cutter, and round it off in such.
a manner that a level shaving may be cut off the edge of the top piece,
whilst the seat may be cut level with the upper.
I sometimes dispense with the gauge wo, and place a template 2 of the
form of heel required on the top of the heel, and cause the front of
the cutting part of the tool to rub against it, and form the heel by it;
and I use a piece of metal y for keeping the cutter at its proper cutting
angle. Thus the weight on the angle lever presses the gauge
against the upper, and the springs force the top part of the cutter
against either the top part of the heel or against the heel block or tem- 1
plate when one is used.
In Fig. 4, Sheet 3, I shew the application of a revolving cutter a' to
the arm lever b¹ jointed to the lever c³, the pressure being given to the
cutter by a spring d', or by a weight.
On Sheet 4, Fig. 5 is a side clevation of the machine used for glazing 2
or polishing the heels, and Figs. 6 and 7 are side and front elevations of
one of the glazing or polishing tools. The upper part of this machine is
exactly similar to that used for paring the heels, but the lower part is
similar to the lower part of the machine for glazing or polishing the
soles; the pins a for acting on the spring rod 6 being adjusted and fixed 2
according to the required distance of the alternate movement; and the
glazing, polishing, or burnishing tool marked c is held in a frame q
jointed to a frame .placed on the arm lever similar to those described
for the paring tool.
On Sheet 5, Fig. 1 is a side elevation of my improved machinery for 3
filing and glazing the waists or bottoms of the soles; and Figs. 2 and 3
are end views of part of the same. I place a last with a boot or shoc
upon it on a taper rectangular pivot or stud a secured by a screw 6 to a
table c fixed to the top of a two-armed lever d working on a pivot or
stud e for enabling the solo to be acted upon by a file and burnisher 3
employed for finishing the bottoms; or instead of the solid last and
stud & I use the expanding and contracting last before described. The
lateral motion of the boot is slow, but the file and burnisher move

page_text: 9
quickly in a longitudinal direction over the entire length of the boot sole
or any part thereof; and to obtain this motion I place first the file and
then the burnisher g in an arm lover h, to which motion is imparted by
means of another lever i having one end connected to it, and the other
end connected by a rod k to an adjustable crank used for obtaining a
longer or shorter stroke, and a weight m is attached to the arm lever h
for obtaining the required pressure. The crank is fixed to a shaft m
working in bearings n fixed to the frame o, and to the shaft is fixed a
driving pulley p and a worm q gearing into a worm wheel r at one end
of the horizontal shaft 8, to the other end of which is fixed an eccentric t
having a groove u, in which is placed a stud at the bottom end of the
lever d, and thus when the machine is set to work there is a slow lateral
movement of the table and boot and a quick longitudinal movement of
the file and burnisher,
On Sheet 5, Figs. 4 and 5, are side and end views of my improved
machine for cutting or trimming the breasts of the heels of boots. For
this purpose I use a stationary knife or cutter a in conjunction with a
properly constructed fence guard or stop b, so arranged that the surplus
leather may be cut cleanly off without any injury being done to the sole,
the knife being adjustable so that any depth of cut may be taken; the
boot is slipped on a block c, having a hole fitting the end of a screw d in
such manner that the screw may be turned without the block, and force
the part to be cut against the knife a until the sole comes in contact
with the stop, thereby cutting off the uneven leather.
:
On Sheet 5, Figs. 6 and 7 are side and end views of my improved
mode of cleaning and levelling the surfaces of the heels, I accomplish
this by bolting or screwing to a face plate e a file or cutter fabout three
inches square, and about three-eighths of an inch in thickness, and
give revolving motion to the face plate and cutter by ordinary pulleys.g.
In front of the file or cutter there is a rest against which the breast of
the heel is held whilst the surface of the heel is pressed against the file
or cutter, and I prefer bringing the centre of the heel as near as possible
the centre of the file and face plate, although it may be placed in any
other position, and the rest is made adjustable so that it may suit either
large or small heels.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be

page_text: First. The template used in the rivetting and paring machines made
longitudinally of the same form as the sole, and working between two
rollers or an equivalent stationary guide.
Secondly. The motions in the rivetting machine for picking up,
feeding, and driving in the rivets.
Thirdly. The tool holders and tools for paring the soles and heels in
connection with an arm lover acted upon by a weight or spring, or both.
combined, and also the treadlo spring and clutch boxes for working and
stopping the machine at pleasure.
G
Fourthly. The revolving cutter applied to the arm lever used in the 1
heel paring machine.
Fifthly. The spring rod, tool holders, and change motion in the
machines for glazing or polishing the soles and heels.
Sixthly. The expanding and contracting last to be used generally.
Seventhly. The improved mode of holding the boot on the last or 1
block in the heel paring and heel glazing or polishing machines, and
also thic template on the top of the heel in the licel paring machine.
Eighthly. The arrangement of the mechanism and tools for filing and
finishing the waists and bottoms of the soles.
And, Ninthly. The arrangement of the machanism and tools for 2
breasting or trimming the heels, as all such improvements are herein
described and illustrated on the accompanying five Sheets of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Henry Southall, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of March, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy- 2
three.
CHARLES ITENRY SOUTHALL. (L.S.)
Witness,
CHARLES W. COLLINS.