IMPROVEMENTS IN PLASTERING AND PLASTERERS' MOULDS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Griffith Brewer, of 33, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PLASTERING
AND PLASTERERS' MOULDS." A communication from abroad by David
Winters Stockstill, Thomas James McGeary, and Edward Willoughby Anderson,
all of Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Griffith Brewer at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th August 1881.
EDWARD GRIFFITH BREWER, of 33, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PLASTERING AND PLASTERERS' MOULDS." (A communication
from abroad by David Winters Stockstill, Thomas James McGeary, and Edward
Willoughby Anderson, all of Washington, District of Columbia, United States of
America.)
This Invention has relation to improvements in the art of plastering whereby
centres, cornices, and ornaments of any character can be produced by the direct
application of the newly mixed or soft plaster or composition to the wall under a.
moulding pressure.
Heretofore it has been customary for plasterers to purchase previously moulded
centres, cornices, and ornamented work used in decorating the interiors of
apartments and buildings. And right line cornices and mouldings have been
formed on the wall with newly mixed plaster by means of a former or profile
scraper which moves along the outer portion of the mass of plaster. So also it has
been designed to apply liquid plaster or composition, which is poured in between
moulds and the backing.
The present Invention has no relation to such devices, but is designed to enable
the plasterer, with the same newly mixed plaster stock which he uses in surface
finishing the wall to put up centres, cornices, or ornamental devices of any figure
or pattern which will readily draw from a mould. The process is simple and can
be used for any ornament in low relief or intaglio on interiors or exteriors by any
plasterer or cement worker of ordinary skill in his trade.

page_text: The Invention consists, first, in the art or process of forming centres, cornices, or
other ornamental surfaces in plaster by moulding the plaster immediately on the
wall, and, secondly, in providing a mould adapted to receive the plaster to
apply the same to the wall and to draw easily therefrom, substantially as hereinafter
set forth.
These forms of moulds may be varied in many ways, the object being to provide
a mould which is light enough to be readily handled, and which has sufficient
stiffness or body to support the material placed upon it, and to withstand the
pressure used in applying the same to the wall.
In practice it is preferred. to form these moulds by pressure from sheet zinc or
other composition in which zino may be used if thought desirable. The moulds
are pressed by means of dies usually, and may have the configuration in relief or
intaglio, and according to any design. Moulds, for example, for central ornaments
and moulds for a cornice should be provided with flanges, which are designed to
serve as a guide to the workman, enabling him to apply the plaster with precision
and facility. Handles may also be attached and will render the moulds much
more convenient.
:
A mitre mould can be made by forming at one end of the main mould a
projecting Bange of the same pattern at right angles with the main portion.
For continuous work, such as cornices, mouldings, and friezes, the moulds
employed are made sufficiently long to be conveniently raised and handled by the
plasterer, about thirty inches being the usual length. These moulds are usually
provided with shouldered or abutting flanges, so that a neat joint in the plastering
may be effected and the continuity of the ornamentation presented.
In the manufacture of these moulds it is important to have the indentations
rounded or obtuse and the walls sufficiently flaring or open to allow the mould to
draw easily from the plaster after the latter has set. The top of the mould is open
to receive the plaster, which is put therein in its newly mixed state in sufficient
quantity to project a little, so that when the mould is pressed in place against the
wall the plaster will adhere thereto. After the plaster has set the mould can be
withdrawn for use again. In preparing the mould it is advisable to oil or wet its
interior surface before putting in the plaster, the drawing of the mould being
facilitated thereby. As the metal which is usually employed for these moulds is
not rigid but possesses a certain amount of elasticity, it can readily be sprung away
from the work.
This Invention is designed to enable those who build houses to greatly enrich
their interiors and exteriors at small expense. It will assist the plasterer in his
journey work, making it of more value, and will save the cost of transporting
plaster castings from place to place. Houses in country localities can be orna-
imented as cheaply as those in cities and towns. A saving of material is also
designed to be accomplished by this Invention, because in practice the plasterer
will only use sufficient stock to form the ornamental surface and the attachment
edge therefor.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Edward Griffith Brewer in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th February 1882.
EDWARD GRIFFITH BREWER, of 33, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PLASTERING AND PLASTERERS' MOULDS." (A. communication
from abroad by David Winters Stockstill, Thomas James McGeary, and Edward
Willoughby Anderson, all of Washington, District of Columbia, United States of
America.)
This Invention has relation to improvements in the art of plastering, whereby
centres, cornices, and ornaments of any character can be produced by the direct
application of the newly mixed or soft plaster or composition to the wall under a
moulding pressure. Heretofore it has been customary for plasterers to purchase
previously moulded centres, cornices, and ornamental work used in decorating the
interiors of apartments and buildings. And right line cornices and mouldings
have been formed on the wall with newly mixed plaster by means of a former or
profile scraper which moves along the outer portion of the mass of plaster. So also
it has been designed to apply liquid plaster or composition which is poured in
between moulds and the backing.
The present Invention has no relation to such devices, but is designed to enable
the plasterer with the same newly mixed plaster stock which he uses in surface
finishing the wall, to put up centres, cornices, or ornamental devices of any figure
or pattern, which will readily draw from a mould. The process is simple and
can be used for any ornament in low relief or "intaglio" on interiors or exteriors
by any plasterer or cement worker of ordinary skill in his trade.
The Invention consists, first, in the art or process of forming centres, cornices, or
other ornamental surfaces in plaster by moulding the plaster immediately on the
wall, and, secondly, in providing a mould adopted to receive the plaster to apply
the same to the wall and to draw easily therefrom, substantially as hereinafter
set forth.
In the accompanying Drawings we have designed to illustrate several forms of
moulds which may be used in carrying out the Invention. These forms of moulds
may be varied in many ways, the object being to provide a mould which is light
enough to be readily handled, and which has sufficient stiffness on body to support
the material placed upon it, and to withstand the pressure used in applying the
same to the wall.
In practice it is preferred to form these moulds by pressure from sheet zinc or
other composition in which zinc may be used if thought desirable. The moulds are
pressed by means of dies usually, and may have the configuration in relief or
intaglio, and according to any design.
The letter A indicates a mould for a central ornament, and B a mould for a
cornice.
These moulds should be provided with flanges a, which are designed to serve as
a guide to the workman, enabling him to apply the plaster with precision and
facility. Handles 6 may also be attached and will render the moulds much more
convenient.
A mitre mould can be made by forming at one end of the main mould a
projecting flange of the same pattern at right angle with the main portion.
For continuous work, such as cornices, mouldings, and friezes, the moulds
employed are made sufficiently long to be conveniently raised and handled by the
plasterer, about thirty inches being the usual length.
These moulds are usually provided with shoulder or abutting flanges ā, so that

page_text: a neat joint in the plastering may be effected and the continuity of the orna-
mentation. In the manufacture of these moulds it is important to have the
indentations rounded or abtuse and the walls sufficiently flaring or open to allow
the mould to draw easily from the plaster after the latter has set. The top of the
mould is open to receive the plaster, which is put therein in its newly mixed state
in sufficient quantity to project a little, so that when the mould is pressed in place
against the wall the plaster will adhere thereto. After the plaster has set the
mould can be withdrawn for use again. In preparing the mould it is advisable to
oil or wet its interior surface before putting in the plaster, the drawing of the
mould being facilitated thereby.
As the metal which is usually employed for these moulds is not rigid but
possesses a certain amount. of elasticity it can readily be sprung away from the
work.
.
This Invention is designed to enable those who build houses to greatly enrich
their interiors at small expense. It will assist the plasterer in his journey work,
making it of more value, and will save the cost of transporting plaster-castings
from place to place.
Houses in country localities can be ornamented as cheaply as those in cities and
towns. A saving of material is also designed to be accomplished by this Invention,
because in practice the plasterer will only use sufficient stock to form the
ornamental surface and the attachment edge therefor.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,-
First. The process of pressure moulding the plaster or composition in a plastic
condition in place immediately on the wall, and thereby forming centres, cornices,
and other ornamental surfaces, substantially as specified.
Second. A pressed sheet metal mould provided with guide flanges and adapted
to receive the plaster or composition, to apply the same to the wall, and to draw
easily therefrom, substantially as specified.
Third. A plasterer's mould for ornamental work pressed in form from sheet zinc
on zinc composition, substantially as specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Griffifth Brewer, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eleventh day of February, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.