IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF COLOURING MATTERS DERIVED FROM TAR FOR THE PURPOSE OF MAKING THEM APPLICABLE FOR PAINTING
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Thomas Hughes, of the Firm of Hughes
and Son, Patent Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF COLOURING MATTERS DERIVED
FROM TAR FOR THE PURPOSE OF MAKING THEM APPLICABLE FOR PAINTING."-
A communication from abroad by Barthélemy Dupuy and Antoine Vibert,
of Lyons, in the Empire of France.
Sealed the 21st August 1863, and dated the 21st February 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Thomas Hughes
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 21st February 1863.
I, EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent
Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF COLOURING MATTERS
DERIVED FROM TAR FOR THE PURPOSE OF MAKING THEM APPLICABLE FOR PAINTING,"
a communication to me from abroad by Barthélemy Dupuy and Antoine
Vibert, of Lyons, in the Empire of France, to be as follows:--
This Invention consists of several processes for the formation of various
products which can be incorporated with the colours obtained from tar, and
render them workable, so that they can be applied as pigments, lacs, or other-
wise to all purposes where colours are employed. For red, blue, and violet
colours, we obtain a product in the following manner :-We take 15 grammes
of white soap, and dissolve it in 100 grammes of hot water, and then mix with

page_text: the solution six decigrammes of colour previously dissolved in methylitic alcohol
or other solvent; to this mixture we add 25 grammes of pure alumina, and
then filter it and afterwards dry it. These proportions may be varied at
discretion, and instead of the white soap, glycerine, or soaps made from
animal matters may be employed. The colours may be incorporated with the
soaps or glycerine without the aid of the alumina, and yet be soluble, so that
they may be used with oil or water. We obtain a fine yellow product by the
addition of pieric acid to the aforesaid combination. When the blue and
yellow products are combined a fine green product is obtained, and when red
and yellow are combined an orange-coloured product, and so on for all the
colours, and by combining them in various proportions, different tints of great
richness are produced.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Thomas Hughes in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 21st August 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent Agents, 123,
Chancery Lane, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Edward Thomas Hughes, Her special licence that I, the said Edward
Thomas Hughes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF COLOURING MATTERS DERIVED FROM TAR
FOR THE PURPOSE OP. MAKING THEM APPLICABLE FOR PAINTING," a communication
to me from abroad by Barthélemy Dupuy and Antoine Vibert, of Lyons, in
the Empire of France, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Edward Thomas Hughes, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what

page_text: manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
'
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say :-
This Invention consists of various processes for manufacturing into cakes
or pigments the colours derived from tar, so that they may be applicable for
painting or other purposes. For obtaining cakes of red, blue, and violet, I
take 15 grammes of white soap, and dissolve it in 100 grammes of hot water,
and then mix with the solution six decigrammes of colour previously dissolved
in methylitic alcohol or other solvent; to this mixture I add 25 grammes of
pure alumina in a gelatinous state, and then filter and dry the mixture.
These proportions may be varied at discretion, for instead of six decigrammes
of colour a larger quantity may be used in order to have a greater depth of
colour. Instead of the white soap, glycerine and soaps made from oils or
grease derived from animal matters may be employed, and instead of the
alumina, sulphate of barytes or other metallic or earthy oxide may be used,
and thus obtain the means of manufacturing all the colours derived from tar
into cakes or pigments. Thus the colour is dissolved in any of the known
solvents, and then mixed in a water bath with vegetable or animal soaps
dissolved in the hot or cold state, and precipitating the colour by alumina
previously precipitated from alum or sulphate of barytes, or any other kind of
salt, or metallic, or earthy oxide. By these means, and especially by the
assistance of an animal matter in a soapy state, the colours are rendered solid
and durable, and are applicable for painting. I also incorporate the colours
derived from tar with animal or other soaps, without the assistance of alumina
or other oxides, and thus obtain colours soluble in water or oil from which
different tints can be procured by mixtures of these soluble colours. I obtain
a fine yellow cake or product by employing picric acid in combination with
earthy compounds and the picrates in general, particularly the picrate of lead;
these aniline colours are mixed with animal or vegetable soaps for making the
colours soluble in water. When the blue and yellow products are combined
a fine green is obtained, and the mixture of red and yellow produces an orange
colour, and by the mixtures of the different colours all varieties of tints can
be procured. The richness of these colours are unequalled, and as they
maintain their tints when exposed to the light, they are invaluable in the
arts.

page_text: Having now described the nature and particulars of the said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondents, I desire it to be understood that I claim the
improvements in the treatment of colouring matters derived from tar for the
purpose of making them applicable for painting, as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
E. T. HUGHES. (L.S.)