Improvements in Foot and other Warmers.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Aug., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 20th May, 1889-Accepted, 6th July, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Foot and other Warmers.
1, WILLIAM MORGAN of Cannon Street Birmingham in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object principally, to simplify the construction of, and to
render more convenient and efficient in use, the appliances commonly known as hed
foot warmers, and warming pans; and although my invention is applicable to bed
foot warmers, and warming pans, yet the same may be used for applying heat to the
extremities and other parts of the body of a person, when not in bed.
In applying my invention to a foot warmer, I take two closely fitting cylinders,
closed at their outer ends, and open at their inner ends, and with the one sliding
telescopically within the other, and within the interior of the inner cylinder or casing,
a highly heated earthen brick or other solid object is placed, prior to the closing of
the said inner cylinder within the outer one.
Thus, the inside of the outer cylinder or casing, is of the outside diameter of the
inner cylinder or casing, and when the warmer is in use, with a brick in the interior
of the inner one, the cylinders are collapsed to a little more than the length of
one of them.
The ends are preferably made dome-shaped, and with knobs or other appliances for
the taking hold of, and for the transporting of the appliance.
The sides of the inner cylinder, may be longitudinally corrugated, so that the
corrugations only of the said inner cylinder, come in contact, metal to metal, with the
inside of the outer cylinder, whose outer surface may be highly polished, so that heat
shall be slowly radiated.
The foot warmer, which may consist of more than two cylinders, may have
sufficient space left for two or more bricks; and further, access may be gained to
the interior of the warmer, by a hinged or outwardly working door, wherethrough the
heater is placed.
In applying my invention to a warming pan, I pierce or perforate with holes, the
outer casing, or both the outer and inner casing, so that the heat shall readily and
quickly pass outwardly, without having to be conducted through the metal of the said
enclosing casing, or casings.
The said warming pan
preferably made of the ordinary form, with a hinged
lid, although the interior casing may be made to slide telescopically within the
outer one.
The casings may be so arranged, that the heater is prevented from coming into
direct and continuous contact with them; this I do, by raising points at intermediate
distances apart, or interposing asbestos or felt supports, so as to thereby form a heating
chamber or chambers, which conserves up the heat.
The outer casing may be covered externally with felt or other slowly heat
conducting material.
Dated this Twenty-first day of August 1888
WILLIAM MORGAN.
By Henry Skerrett,
Agent for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Foot and other Warmers.
I, WILLIAM MORGAN of Cannon Street Birmingham in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner.
[Price 8d.1

page_text: the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention has for its object principally, to simplify the construction of, and to
render more convenient and efficient when in use, the appliances commonly known
as bed foot warmers, and warming pans; and although my invention is applicable to
bed foot warmers, and warming pans, yet the same may be used for applying heat to
the extremities and other parts of the body of a person, when not in bed.
In applying my invention to a foot warmer, I take two closely fitting cylinders,
closed at their outer ends, and open at their inner ends, and with the one sliding
telescopically within the other, and within the interior of the inner cylinder or casing,
a highly heated earthen brick or other solid object is placed, prior to the closing of
the said inner cylinder within the outer one.
Thus, the inside of the outer cylinder or casing, is of the outside diameter of the
inner cylinder or casing, and when the warmer is in use, with a brick in the interior
of the inner one, the cylinders are collapsed to a little more than the length of
one of them.
'
The ends are preferably made dome-shaped, and with knobs or other appliances for
the taking hold of, and for the transporting of the appliance.
The sides of the inner cylinder may be longitudinally corrugated; so that the
corrugations only of the said inner cylinder, come in contact metal to metal, with the
inside of the outer cylinder, whose outer surface may be highly polished; so that heat
shall be slowly radiated.
The foot-warmer which may consist of more than two cylinders, may have
sufficient space left for two or more bricks; and further, access may be gained to the
interior of the warmer, by a hinged or outwardly working door, wherethrough the
heater is placed.
In applying my invention to a warming pan, I pierce or perforate with holes,
the outer casing, or both the outer and inner casing, so that the heat shall readily, and
quickly pass outwardly, without having to be conducted through the metal of the said
enclosing casing, or casings.
The said warning pan is preferably made of the ordinary form, with a hinged
lid, although the interior casing may be made to slide telescopically within the
outer one.
The casings may be so arranged, that the heater is prevented from coming into
direct and continuous contact with them; this I do, by raising points at intermediate
distances apart, or interposing asbestos or folt supports, so as to thereby form a heating
chamber or chambers, which conserves up the heat.
The outer casing may be covered externally, with felt or other slowly heat-
conducting material.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents in side or front elevation, a
foot warmer, constructed and arranged according to my said invention. Figure 2
represents a longitudinal vertical section of the same, but with the end terminals and
earthen block within the interior of the inner cylinder, shown in elevation. It will
be seen in this sectional view, that the foot warmer consists essentially of two
telescopically fitting cylinders or casings, closed at their outer ends, and open at their
inner ends respectively, and which said cylinders are so fitted, that they slide and fit
closely one within the other.
Figure 3 represents the outer cylinder or casing, and figure 4 the inner one, with
an earthen block, or brick, within its interior. It will be observed, that the said
earthen block or brick only comes into actual contact with the inside metal of the
inner cylinder at the angles or corners of the said blocks.
Figure 5 represents a transverse vertical section of the said foot-warmer, upon the
dotted lines A B figure 2.
Figure 6 is another form of my invention, of which figure 7 is a transverse vertical
section of the same. The underside of the said modification is formed into a plane
surface, to prevent the turning or rolling over of the said appliance when placed in
position and use.

page_text: The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in figures 1 to 5 both
inclusive.
a is an outer cylinder or covering, closed at its outer end a², and open at its inner
end a-b is an inner cylinder or casing, closely fitting, and adapted to slide tele-
scopically within the said outer one, and which said inner casing is closed at its
outer end 62, and open at its inner end 63, like unto that of the said outer one.
The respective cylinders or casings are provided at their outer ends with wood or
other non heat-conducting knobs c, whereby the foot-warmer is taken hold of; and
further, the inner casing figure 2 has contained within it, a square sectioned earthen
or other block or brick d, whose angles or corners come only in direct contact with
the inside of the inner cylinder or casing.
In the modification figures 6 and 7, a is the outer cylinder or casing, with a
flattened underside or rectangular part a', whereby the foot-warmer is prevented from
rolling or turning over; and working and fitting telescopically within the interior of
the said outer casing, is a cylindrical casing 6, wherein a heated brick or metallic
block dis placed, when the same is required to be used.
Although I have represented the said domestic foot warmers, cylindrical or
semi-cylindrical, yet the same may be made of any desired figure in cross section.
Thus, the outer casing may be square or angular, with an inner cylindrical
casing.
Figure 8 represents another form of my invention.
a is an outer casing, is an inner one, with an axially disposed loose hollow hub
or sleeve b², kept central by radially directed webs ; and within the said removable
or loose hub or sleeve, a heater core or rod c is placed, as shown in elevation
figure 9.
Figure 10 represents another form of my invention, in which the heater, which is
a metallic cylinder or block; is kept centrally within the middle of the inner casing, by
intermediate loose corrugations, disposed around the inside of it.
a is the outer casing, and is the inner casing, with longitudinally inside cor-
rugations, which isolate the central block c from direct contact with the metal
of the appliance.
The corrugations instead of being made separate, may be made to form the inner
casing.
Figure 11 represents in longitudinal vertical section, a carriage foot-warmer,
constructed according to another form of my invention, which consists essentially of
an inner or outer trough-shaped box or casing, fitting one upon, or within the other,
and with the earthen or metallic heater block or blocks isolated from the inner casing,
by interposed corrugations.
Figure 12 is a top side plan of the lower casing.
a is an outer casing, and b is an inner one, fitting closely within the outer one,
and with heater blocks c, c isolated from superfice or continued metallic contact, by
top, bottom or side corrugations b³.
Figure 13 represents a heater block with feet, so also does figure 14, while figure 15
shows a block with concave sides, making the angles or corners equivalents of the
feed. Figure 16 represents a heater block with V shaped longitudinal ribs disposed
upon the outer circuinference or surface.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is.
First. A foot warmer, consisting of telescopically close fitting cylinders or
casings, substantially as described and set forth in figures 1 to 7.
Secondly. The combination with an inner metallic casing, which fits within a
secondary and outer casing, of a square or other rectangular shaped heater block,
substantially as set forth.
Thirdly. A foot warmer, consisting of closely fitting inside and outside casings,
with knobs or bandle ends, as set forth in figures 1 to 7.

page_text: Fourthly. A foot warmer, consisting of a semi-cylindrical outer casing, with a
cylindrical or other shaped inner casing, as and for the purpose as set forth in
figures 6 and 7.
Fifthly. Providing foot warmers, or the inner casings of them, with a heater block-
isolating sleeve, as set forth in figure 8.
Sixthly. Isolating centrally disposed heater blocks from the interior or other
metallic casings of foot warmers, by corrugations, ribs or their equivalents, as set
forth in figures 10. 11 and 12.
Seventhly. A foot warmer, consisting of an outer trough or box casing a, and an
inner trough or box casing b, with the heater blocks c, isolated from superfice contact,
by corrugations, ribs or their equivalents, as set forth in figures 11 and 12.
Lastly. Providing or making the henter blocks of foot warmers, with feet,
standing out lugs, ribs, webs, corrugations, flutings, and concavings, whereby
superfice or extended metallic contact is avoided, as set forth in figures 13, 14,
15 and 16.
WILLIAM MORGAN.
By Henry Skerrett,
Agent for Applicant.