TWDDORDMONG IN STEREOSCOPES
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Sands, of Felix Terrace, Liverpool Road; in
the County of Middlesex, Licensed Victualler, for the Invention of
"TWDDORDMONG IN STEREOSCOPES
"
Sealed the 21st May 1858, and dated the 24th November 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Sands at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
November 1857.
I, CHARLES SANDS, of Felix Terrace, Liverpool Road, in the County of
Middlesex, Licensed Victualler, do hereby declare the nature of the said.
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEREOSCOPES," to be as follows:-
My Invention of improvements in stereoscopes relates to the flap or door
of stereoscopes, by which the light is admitted to the picture, such door
having a reflector on the inside which reflects and concentrates the light upon
the picture.
In stereoscopes made heretofore the door and reflector is suspended by a
loose hinge, and the observer in using the stereoscope opens this door for light
and reflection, and regulates its position by the fingers placed thereon, which
is more or less inconvenient. To remedy this, I place the door on a stiff
hinge, so that it will remain in any position in which it is placed, and extend
the joint pin or rod (which is affixed to the door) beyond the sides of the
instrument, and apply thumb knobs at either end. By taking hold of the
thumb knob the position of the door and reflector can be readily adjusted and
regulated while viewing the picture, and it will remain of itself in the position
adjusted.
Instead of extending the joint pin to carry the thumb knobs a separate rod

page_text: may be applied for the purpose just above the joint, and a short arm extended
therefrom with which the door and reflector is connected, and by it moved.
This additional rod with thumb knobs is fitted in its bearings to rotate therein
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Sands in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 24th
May 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
SANDS, of Felix Terraco, Liverpool Road, in the County of Middlesex,
Licensed Victualler, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-soven, in the twenty-first year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Charles Sands, Her special licence that I, the said Charles
Sands, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as 1, the
said Charles Sands, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STEREOSCOPES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Charles Sands, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing,
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Lotters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Sands, do hereby declaro
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed,
anil to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
My Invention of improvements in stereoscopes relates to the actuating,
adjusting, and sustaining of the flap or door of stereoscopes, by which the
light is admitted to the picture, such door having a reflector on the inside
which reflects and concentrates the light upon the picture.

page_text: In stereoscopes made heretofore this door and reflector is suspended by a
loose hinge, and the observer in using the stereoscope opens this door for
light and reflection, and regulates its position by the finger or fingers placed
thereon, which is more or less inconvenient. To remedy this I place the door
on a stiff hinge so that it will remain in any position in which it is placed,
and I extend the joint pin or rod (which is affixed to the door) beyond the
sides of the instrument, and apply thumb knobs at either end. By taking
hold of the thumb knob the position of the door and reflector can be readily
adjusted and regulated while viewing the picture, and it will remain of itself
in the position adjusted.
:
Instead of extending the joint pin to carry the thumb knobs, a separate
rod or axis may be applied for the purpose just above the joint, and a short
arm extended therefrom with which the door and reflector is connected.
This additional rod with thumb knobs is fitted in its bearings to rotate thercin
with sufficient friction to sustain the door and reflector, as explained, or
the door may move with sufficient friction on its hinges for the purpose
required.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
:
Fig. 1 represents a front view of a stereoscope furnished and fitted according
to my Invention; Fig. 2, an end view of the same; and Figs. 3 and 4,
separate views of the door hinges, showing them opened out and in detached
parts. a, a, is the body of the stereoscope; b, b, the door or flap; c, c¹, the
hinges for jointing door b to body a. One half c of each hinge is formed
with a rod d extending therefrom, as seen in Figs. 3 and 4, the other part.c
being like the half of the common binge. The part c is fixed to the body a,
while the part c' is fixed to the door or flap b, as seen in Fig. 1. The joint
pin e is common to both hinges. A piece f is also placed on the joint pin and
fixed to the door or flap; this piece f may however be dispensed with. The
joint pin e of each hinge may also be separate, but by arranging this part as
described with a common joint pin the hinges are more readily fixed and kept
in line than when separate. The part c of the binges being fixed to the
body a, and the part c' fixed to the door, when that part moves the rods d, d,
rotate also, together with the thumb knobs g, g, fixed on those rods; thus,
by moving either of the thumb knobs by the one hand, while the stereoscope
is held in the other, the door or flap may be moved and adjusted with
the greatest convenience while viewing the picture placed in the stereoscope.
Thus, the opening of the door and the position of the reflector may be readily
adjusted and set in proper position for admitting or throwing the best possible
light upon the picture. h, h, are two friction bearings which are fixed on

page_text: the body a, they embraco and bear upon the rods d, d, with a sufficient
amount of pressure to create the required resistance to and friction during the
motion of the door or flap 6 and reflector i. By tightening or slackening tho
screws in these parts h, h, the frictional contact can be increased or diminished.
Instead of these rigid parts for creating the friction, a spring or springs
may be applied to bear on an enlarged friction surface for that purpose.
Instead of applying these friction surfaces, the parts of the hinges may be
caused to move with sufficient resistance or stiffness on their joint pins.
Fig. 5 represents a stereoscope with the ordinary hinges. In this case I
apply a rod or axis d', as seen in this Figure, and separately in Fig. 6.
Fig. 7 is an end view of Fig. 5; g', g', thumb knobs, as before; the rod d' is
mounted in two friction bearings h', h', in similar manner and with the effect
before described. On the rod d' is fixed an arm k, having a slot which
receives the neck of a button head fixed in the door or flap ; axial motion
given to the rod by either of the thumb knobs g' causes the lever k to raise
or depress the door b', and so regulates and adjusts the position of the door
and reflector. The rod d¹ moves with sufficient resistance in its bearings to
create the desired friction to sustain the door or flap in any position in which
it may be placed, or the resistance to the movement of the door and reflector
may be otherwise induced.
Having described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of performing
the same, I declaro that what 1 claim as the Invention to be secured under
the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, mounting and applying
the doors or flaps of stereoscopes on jointed or hinged parts which offer
sufficient resistance to the movement to sustain the door or flap and reflector
in any required position, such parts being furnished with thumb knobs or
other equivalents whereby motion is communicated to the door or flap and
reflector, all as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Sands, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Witness,
W. CLARK, Patent Agent,
53, Chancery Lane, London.
CHARLES SANDS. (L.S.)