Year: 1888

page_text: I, CHARLES HARROP, of 22, Newhall Hill, Birmingham, in the county of Warwick,
General Manager. of the Frederick Crane Chemical Co., do hereby declare the nature
of my invention to be as follows:-
My invention has for its object to simplify the process of varnishing or lacquering
metal.
Hitherto it has been customary, to prepare polished metal goods for the reception
of the varnish film, by first dipping them into a solution of suitable chemicals in
order to clean the surface and obtain a better adhesion of the varnish, then to remove
any excess of chemicals from the metallic surfaces, by dipping them into saw-dust and
allowing the latter to dry, and finally to remove the saw-dust before applying the
lacquer.or varnish.
I have discovered, that by using non hygroscopic varnishes or lacquers, or certain
kinds of them, the drying of the cleaned surfaces previous to the application of the
varnish or lacquer is rendered unnecessary, as the work can be taken from the saw-
dust and placed in a wire dipper, then rinsed in clean cold water, then dipped into
clean boiling water to give the metal the desired heat, and theu dipped into the
lacquer, and after being shaken to dislodge the drip, the varnish coating is set on fire
and the article shaken while the. flame burns; as soon as the spirit is burnt off, the
flame dies out, and the work is finished.
As a rule, all non-hygroscopic gum-varnishes or lacquers have been found suitable
for coating metal goods by my simplified process, but especially the varnishes made
and sold by the Frederick Crane Chemical Company..
FAIRFAX & WETTER,
433, Strand, London,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improved Process for Varnishing or Lacquering Metal Goods.
I, CHARLES HARROP, of 22 Newhall Hill, Birmingham, in the county of Warwick,
General Manager of the Frederick Crane Chemical Co., do hereby declare the nature
of my invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Hitherto it has been customary to prepare polished metal goods for the reception
of the lacquer or varnish by first dipping them into a solution of suitable chemicals
in order to clean the surface, then to rinse off any excess of chemicals in water and
to dry the goods in sawdust, and finally to remove the sawdust before applying the
lacquer or varnish. The removal of the sawdust is troublesome, and unless great
care is exercised some of it clings to the work and mars the lacquering.
I have discovered, that by using non-hygroscopic lacquers or varnishes of less
specific gravity than water, or, in other words, lacquers or varnishes which have no
affinity for water and are specifically lighter than the same, the drying of the cleaned
surfaces previous to the application of the varnish or lacquer is rendered unnecessary,
as the work after rinsing off can, while still wet, be dipped into the lacquer or varnish.
The water which may be clinging to the articles when immersed in the lacquer or
varnish will be loosened by the motion of the same in dipping or by moving them
about in the lacquer specially for that object, and will sink to the bottom of the vat,
separating from the lacquer by gravity and forming a well-defined underlying layer.
When this layer becomes so thick, as to be in the way, or to interfere with the
lacquering, it can be drawn off, or the top layer of lacquer may be decanted off and
the water thrown away.
In the practice of my invention, I find particularly useful a lacquer made by
dissolving in fusel-oil sandarac, copal, or other resin soluble therein; but 1 may use
generally gum or resin lacquers or varnishes having non-hygroscopic menstrua.
prefer the lacquers of this class manufactured at Short Hills, New Jersey, U.S.A.
Any method of dipping and drying the dipped articles suited to the size, shape, and
quality of work to be lacquered may be employed. An expeditious method with
small articles of an ordinary quality is to place them in a wire dipper, rinse in hot
water, dip in a suitable non-hygroscopic lacquer, and after shaking off the surplus
lacquer, to evaporate the menstruum which holds the lacquer in solution, by firing in
the manner well known among lacquerers of cheap struck-up brass goods. For a better
finished or for larger articles, the surplus may be slung off or simply drained off and
the drip removed, and the articles then dried in the air or in an oven.

page_text: Having now particularly described the nature of my invention I declare that
I claim -
The improvement in varnishing metal articles, by dipping the articles wet into a
non-hygroscopic lacquer or varnish lighter than water, and thereby effecting the
removal of the water from the article and its separation by gravity from the lacquer
or varnish, substantially as described.