Year: 1899

page_text: I, JOSEPH SANDERS, of 629, S. Street, N.W., Washington, D.C., U.S.A., Elec-
trical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention has for object to produce effects, in recording and more parti-
cularly in reproducing sounds, much greater than are possible in apparatus for
this purpose heretofore employed.
This object is effected by employing, instead of one diaphragm, two or more
diaphragms, or the two surfaces of one or more diaphragms, simultaneously.
The accompanying drawings illustrate some examples of apparatus according
to this invention suitable for use in gramophones, phonographs, and the like.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the apparatus, and
Fig. 2 is a central cross section thereof.
Figs. 3 and 4 are central cross sections of modifications.
In each example, a is a casing provided, for the or each diaphragm with jointing
rings b, between which the diaphragm is clamped. In the example shown in
Figs. 1 and 2 there are three diaphragms d, in that shown in Fig. 3 there are
two, and finally in that shown in Fig. 4 there is only one. For the purpose of
combining the vibrating diaphragms so as to cause them to effect a united record
or reproduction, suitable arrangements are made in each case in the device for
transmitting the vibrations to or from the diaphragms. At the centre of each
diaphragm there is a pin e. Such pins, of which there are three in the example
shown in Figs. 1 and 2, one in that shown in Fig. 3, and one in that shown in
Fig. 4, are always arranged in such a manner as to establish between them a
connexion such that the recording and the reproducing of the sound are done
by means of a single lever or a single pin.
In Figs. 1 and 2, an example of such a connexion is shown in which the three
middle pins e are connected together and act upon a common lever f.
In the example shown in Fig. 3, where the diaphragms d for strengthening
the tone, are arranged, not side by side, but one behind the other, the connexion
is effected very simply by means of a pin e which connects the two diaphragms
together, and from or upon which the other elements that effect the record or the
reproduction, are acted upon or act.
Finally, in the example shown in Fig. 4, in which the two surfaces of one
diaphragm are employed simultaneously, it is necessary to have only one pin e,
which is carried through a slot h in one sound funnel or tube k.
The sound funnels or tubes k may be arranged in such a manner that each
diaphragm has a corresponding funnel or tube k (see Figs. 1 and 2); but it will
be readily understood that a common funnel or tube may be employed for all the
diaphragms.
The mode of operation of the apparatus will be readily understood without
further description. By increasing the surfaces that receive the sound waves,
either by the use of several diaphragms or by the use of the two surfaces of the
same diaphragm, the strength of the tone will be naturally increased.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. Apparatus for recording or reproducing sounds, in which, instead of one
diaphragm surface, a number of diaphragm surfaces are acted upon by or produce
the sound waves.
2. Apparatus according to the preceding claim, in which two or more dia-
phragms are arranged side by side and the transmitting parts fixed to the said
diaphragms are connected with one another in such a manner that they act in
common upon one and the same point, or are actuated from one and the same
point (Figs. 1 and 2).
3. Apparatus according to Claim 1, in which two or more diaphragms d arranged
one behind another, are connected together by means of a common element,
through which the recording or reproducing devices proper are actuated or
act (Fig. 3).
.
4. Apparatus according to Claim 1, in which the surfaces of one or more dia-
phragms d act on both sides, the transmission of the vibrations to or from the
diaphragms being effected by means of a pin e (Fig. 4).
Dated this 2nd day of February, 1899.
F. WISE HOWORTH,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.