IMPROVEMENTS IN CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATING MACHINES AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Friedrich Hermann Felix Engel Civil Engineer and
Patent Agent in the city of Hamburg Germany for an Invention of
IMPROVEMENTS IN CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATING MACHINES AND IN APPARATUS
CONNECTED THEREWITH a communication to him by Heinrich Petersen of
Hamburg and Wilhelm Ritter of Altona both in the German Empire
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Friedrich Hermann Felix
Engel at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th March
1883.
FRIEDRICH HERMANN FELIX ENGEL Civil Engineer and Patent Agent in the
city of Hamburg Germany. " IMPROVEMENTS IN CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATING
MACHINES AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH" a communication to me
by Heinrich Petersen of Hamburg and Wilhelm Ritter of Altona, both in the
German Empire,
This invention relates to centrifugal machines for separating compound fluids
and has for its object to automatically regulate the feed and consequently more or
less the action of the machine.
The feeding of compound liquid into the machine is according to this invention
regulated and stopped by the ring of liquid contained in the centrifugal drum or
vessel during the operation of the machine.
As soon as this ring of liquid has attained fully or nearly its normal height the
inner surface of the revolving liquid influences a tap, valve or cover closing the
feed pipe of the compound liquid or in a modified arrangement the mouth or
outflow opening of the feed pipe comes into direct contact with the surface of the
revolving liquid-ring as soon as the latter has fully or nearly attained its normal
height and by its pressure the revolving liquid prevents or reduces the outflow of
liquid by fully or more or less, balancing the weight or pressure of the column of
liquid in the feed-pipe,

page_text: In the first named case, the invention may practically be carried into effect by
the application of a metal blade or wing, sliding on the surface of the centrifugal
liquid ring and pivoted on a pin or bolt connected to the feeding-pipe this blade
or wing is in connection with a tap, cap or other closing device and as it rises
with the thickness of the liquid-ring it closes more and more the inlet of the
feed tube, whilst with the fall of the ring it wilf reopen the inlet of the feed pipe.
By such means, the thickness of the revolving liquid-ring is kept very nearly
constant and as the separating efficiency of the machine is in a great measure
dependant from the degree of filling of the centrifugal vessel it will be understood,
that the regulating means before described will at same time, to a certain degree,
regulate the amount of work done by.the macliine.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Friedrich Hermann Felix Engel in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 13th September 1883.
"
FRIEDRICH HERMANN FELIX ENGEL, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent in
the City of Hamburg Germany. IMPROVEMENTS IN CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATING
MACHINES AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH a communication to me
by Heinrich Peterson of Hamburg and William Ritter of Altona both in the
German Empire.
This invention relates to centrifugal machines for separating compound fluids
and has for its object to automatically regulate the feed and consequently more
or less the action of the machine.
The feeding of compound liquid into the machine is according to this invention
regulated and stopped by the ring of liquid contained in the centrifugal drum or
vessel during the operation of the machine-As soon as this ring of liquid has
attained fully or nearly to its normal height the inner surface of the revolving
liquid influences a tap valve or cover closing the feed pipe of the compound liquid,
or in a modified arrangement the mouth or outflow opening of the feed pipe comes
into direct contact with the surface of the revolving liquid ring as soon as the
latter has fully or nearly attained its normal height and by its pressure the
revolving liquid prevents or reduces the outflow of liquid by fully or more or less
balancing the weight or pressure of the column of liquid in the feed pipe.
In the first named case the invention, may practically be carried into effect by
the application of a metal blade or wing sliding on the surface of the centrifugal
liquid ring and pivoted on a pin or bolt connected to the feeding pipe, this blade
or wing is in connection with a tap cap or other closing device and as it rises
with the thickness of the liquid ring it closes more and more the inlet of the
feed tube whilst with the fall of the ring it will reopen the inlet of the feed pipe.
By such means the thickness of the revolving liquid ring is kept very nearly
constant and as the separating efficiency of the machine is in a great measure
dependent upon the degree of filling of the centrifugal vessel it will be understood
that the regulating means before described will at same time, to a certain degree
regulate the amount of work done by the machine.
In the accompanying sheets of drawings various constructions are shewn
whereby the invention may be carried into practice and how it may be applied
to upright centrifugal vessels as well as to such vessels mounted on horizontal
shafts or axles
Fig 1 is a longitudinal section of a centrifugal vessel H into which the
compound liquid is admitted through pipe a whilst the separated fluids are
removed or drawn off through pipes m and n Fig 2 is a cross section through
vessel H
The opening of tube a through which the compound liquid is fed into the drum
or vessel is furnished with a flap or cover i which latter will be caught and be
closed by the centrifugal ring of liquid R. as soon as this latter rises to its
normal thickness or as soon as the drum has gained its normal filling. In fig: 3
the ring R has very nearly attained this thickness in consequence of which flap i
has been closed far enough to completely stop the admittance of further quantity
of compound liquid into the drum or very nearly so-As soon as ring r falls by
the action of the machine flap i reopens and the feeding rises again
In Fig 4 a very similar construction is shewn but instead of a flap a stoppering
is applied for closing the mouth of a as soon as ring R rises up to its maximum

page_text: height shewn in the drawing by dotted lines ;- represents a blade or wing sliding
on the surface of liquid contained in the drum which blade is connected to the
stopper i and regulates according to the rise and fall of the liquid the position of
the stopper towards the feed tube a.
Fig 5 represents a cross section and Fig: 6 a longitudinal section of an automatic
feeding apparatus in which a cap is applied for shutting more or less the outflow
opening of tube a. This cap r pivots on a bolt attached to a wing or blade 7 that
slides on the surface of the centrifugal liquid ring during the action of the
centrifugal vessel-As the blade follows the rise and fall of the liquid ring cap 7
that may be guided on the outer surface of tube a is either closed upon or further
removed from the end of tube a consequently more or less closing or opening the
outflow of a.
The liquid entering the centrifugal drum or vessel may by a branch tube e that
reaches nearly up to the sliding face of slide 7 be led to the surface of the liquid
ring by which construction splashing of the liquid is prevented.
Another modification for regulating the feed according to this invention is
represented in Figs: 13 and 14 in which a tube s is attached sliding within the
end of feed tube a-Tube s projects somewhat from the mouth of tube a and
carries at its front part a projecting blade d formed in shape of a worm or steep
screw thread. If the liquid ring R rises up to this worm shaped blade the tube s
is forced upward into tube a by the pressure of the liquid acting against the curved
surface of the thread. A conical or otherwise shaped stoppering t in consequence
of the rising of tube 8 more or less closes the entrance opening of tube s. If the
liquid ring descends the pressure of the feeding liquid in tube a forces tube s
outward again and allows of a larger admittance of compound liquid into the drum,
Instead of one worm d two or more threads may be applied to tube 8.
Figs 15 and 16 are respectively cross section and front view (partly in section)
of another modification for closing or opening the mouth of tube a by rise and fall
of the centrifugal liquid ring R in drum H. The compound liquid enters the drum
through tube a that is a fixture and branch tube Z that turns by a nut f to which
it is attached on a thread formed to the outer end of tube a as will be readily
understood with reference to Fig 15 of the drawings.
A counter weight G fastened to nut f occupies the position shown in dotted lines
in Fig 16 as long as the liquid ring in drum H has not attained its maximum
height. In this position feeding liquid enters the drum as tube a is not closed but
as soon as the maximum height of R is attained the liquid catches a blade h formed
in shape of a gutter and attached to branch tube Z or to nut f and turns the latter
on the thread of tube a in the position shown in full lines in Figs 15 and 16.
By this motion nut f moves backward on tube a and closes the out-flow opening
of a until the liquid ring descends or falls sufficiently to allow nut f and with it
tube Z to regain their former position by the action of counterweight G.
Figs 17 and 18 represent a similar construction to that shown in Figs 15 and 16.
In this case the mouth of tube a is shut by a disc or projection le formed or attached
to an arm w supporting the gutter h
Tube a is a fixture carried in this case by an arm L fulcrumed on a bolt or pin
by means of which it can be brought into action or removed from the drum. As
soon as gutter. h comes in contact with liquid ring R (the position shown in the
drawing) it begins to move downward and closes tube a. A catch B stops the
motion of arm w after tube a has been fully closed whilst a spring F forces w
upward (into the position shown in the drawing) as soon as the ring R comes out
of contact with gutter h in which position new compound liquid enters the drum.
Figs 7. 8. 9. 10, 11 and 12 represent constructions in which the compound or feed
liquid is counterbalanced within feed tube a as soon as ring R attains its
maximum height in drum H
In Fig. 7 compound liquid enters drum H through a fixed tube a until ring R
rises up to the position in Fig. 8 in which case its surface reaches the outflow
opening of tube a the centrifugal force then prevents all further outflow of

page_text: liquid out of a and counter-balances the weight of the column of feed liquid until
ring R descends underneath the outflow opening of a.
According to the construction of Figs 9 and 10 tube a is closed at its free end
and furnished with a slot or curving v for the outflow of the liquid. As soon as
the ring R rises up to slot v it prevents any further outflow of liquid and retains
the feed liquid in tube a.
Figs 11 and 12 are longitudinal sections of differently constructed drums to which
the improved feed apparatus is applied whilst the latter itself corresponds to that
before described with reference to Figs 9 and 10 of the drawings.
Having now described the nature and particulars of the said Invention I
claim
The improvements in automatic feeding apparatuses for centrifugal separating
drums or vessels by which the regulation of the feed is attained through the rise
and fall of the liquid ring contained in the revolving drum, the surface of which
ring either influences a shutting device of the inlet tube, or counter-balances
more or less the weight of the column of liquid within the feed tube as herein
described with reference to and as shown by the accompanying two sheets of
drawings.
In witness whereof I the said Friedrich Hermann Felix Engel have hereunto
set my hand and seal this eleventh day of September in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and eighty three.