Improvements in Malting, and in Kilns for Malt and Barley Drying.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Mar., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 2nd June, 1896-Accepted, 4th July, 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Malting, and in Kilns for Malt and Barley
Drying.
I, RICHARD HARDY, of 8 Thurland Street, in the Town and County of the
Town of Nottingham, Architect, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in malt kilns whereby malting may be
accomplished in a better and more economical manner than heretofore, the malt
being so manipulated that, on the days occupied in curing the malt, the kilns, or part
thereof, shall be loaded with the same thickness of grain as on the first day of the
drying operation.
For this purpose, I arrange or construct three kilns side by side, the partitions
between the kilns being provided with a suitable number of doors, and I heat the
kilns preferably by separate closed fires.
The green malt is placed on each of the said three kilns, say in a layer 10 inches
deep, and is dried in about 48 hours, during which time it shrinks to a thickness of
about 7 inches. The malt from the centre kiln is then spread over that in the kilns
on either side, so bringing up the thickness again to about 10 inches. The fire
under the centre or empty kiln can then be extinguished, and the doors in the
partitions, which communicate with it, be shut; or the said centre kiln can be used
for drying barley. This arrangement saves the expense of a barley drying kiln,
and also loads the malt kilns on the last days with the same thickness of grain as on
the first day, which is a great advantage in curing the malt perfectly. There is
also a saving in fuel, as, for example, in a 120 quarter kiln, three fires are used on
the first two days, and only two fires on the last two days, thus curing 120 quarters
with two fires, and saving a fire for two days.
In some cases, I may arrange two kilns side by side, one having a floor double the
area of the other, the smaller kiln thus containing sufficient malt to bring up the
thickness of grain to be cured in the larger kiln to ten or ten and a half inches,
the same result being obtained as with the three kilns before described.
Dated this 11th day of ML 100
ERNEST DE PASS,
Chartered Patent Agent,
78, Fleet Street, London, and 54 Market Street, Nottingham,
Agent for the Applicant.
Improvements in Malting, and in Kilns for Malt and Barley
Drying.
I, RICHARD HARDY, of 8 Thurland Street, in the Town and County of the
Town of Nottingham, Architect, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accom-
panying drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
This invention relates to improvements in malt kilns, whereby malting may be

page_text: accomplished in a better and more economical manner than heretofore, the malt
being so manipulated that, on the days occupied in curing it, the kilns, or part
thereof, shall be loaded with the same thickness of grain as on the first day of the
drying operation.
For this purpose, in some cases, I arrange or construct three kilos side by side,
the partitions between the kilns being provided with a suitable number of doors,
and I beat the kilns preferably by separate closed fires, and after the malt has been
dried in the same, the contents of one of the kilns is distributed over the contents
of the others, so making up for the shrinkage and leaving one of the kilns free.
I may, however, arrange two kilns side by side, one having a floor double the
area of the other, the smaller kiln thus containing sufficient malt to bring up the
thickness of grain to be cured in the larger kiln to ten or ten and a half inches,
the same result being obtained as with the three kilns before described.
My invention will be better understood by reference to the annexed drawings, in
which:-
Fig. 1 is a vertical section, and Fig. 2 a horizontal section of three kilns arranged
side by side according to my invention.
Figs. 3 and 4 are corresponding views of an arrangement comprising two kilos,
one double the area of the other.
a is the malt floor, which is common to the three compartments or kilns b, c, d,
these latter being separated by walls or partitions e, e. The said floor may consist
of 2 inch tiles resting on 1x1xtinch T irons, or otherwise suitably supported.
Each kiln, or compartment, has beneath it a hot air chamber f maintained at a
Double or folding
suitable temperature by fires g, 9, 92, in the usual manner.
doors h, preferably from 4 to 6 feet high, are arranged in the partitions e, and
doors are provided leading to the working floor j, and doors k into the malt
store.
In working, the floor a is covered with green malt to a depth of about 10 inches,
and said green malt is then subjected to the heat from the fires g, g', g², for about
48 hours, at the end of which time it will shrink to a thickness of about 7 inches.
The malt from one of the kilns, say c, is then spread over that in the kilns b and d,
restoring the thickness in these latter kilns to a little over 10 inches. The fire g¹,
under the kiln c, may then be extinguished, and the doors h, h, be shut, or the said
kiln c can be used for drying barley.
It is obvious that, instead of emptying the kiln c, either of the kilns b or d may
be emptied and the contents thereof spread over the floor of the other two kilns,
but it is more convenient to empty the middle kiln. Or I may dispense with one of
the partitions e, in which case say the kiln b would be emptied, and spread over the
other two unpartitioned floors.
The same result may be obtained by the employment of two kilns b', c', as repre-
sented by Figs. 3 and 4. The area of the floor a in kiln c' is double the area of
that in kiln, so that at the proper period in the malt curing, the malt in the
kiln b¹ may be spread over the kiln c¹ to make the thickness equal to about ten
inches, and the doors h being closed, the kiln 6' may be used for barley drying, or
the fire g under it may be extinguished.
By my invention there is a considerable saving in fuel, as, for example, in a
120 quarter kiln, three fires are used on the first two days, and only two fires on
the last two days, thus curing 120 quarters with two fires and saving a fire for
two days.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In the curing of malt, the method of economically restoring the layer of malt
to its original thickness, after the shrinkage due to drying, and so permitting a
quantity of barley to be dried while the curing of the malt is being completed,
substantially as described.

page_text: 2. For malt and barley drying, the construction and arrangement of three kilns
side by side, in communication with each other, substantially as described with
reference to Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings.
3. For malt and barley drying, the construction and arrangement of two kilns
side by side, in communication with each other, the floor of one kiln having double
the area of that of the other, substantially as described and shown.
4. My improvements in malting, and in kilns for malt and barley drying,
substantially as hereinbefore described and as shown in the annexed drawings,
whereby the drying and curing are effected in a better and more economical manner
than heretofore.
ERNEST DE PASS,
Chartered Patent Agent,
78, Fleet Street, London, and 54, Market Street, Nottingham,.
Agent for the Applicant.