IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR LIGHTING ROOMS AND BUILDINGS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Isaac Schwartz, of Castle Street, Falcon Square, in
the City of London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR LIGHTING ROOMS AND BUILDINGS."
Sealed the 14th February 1865, and dated the 1st November 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Isaac Schwartz at. the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st November 1864.
I, ISAAC SCHWARTZ, of Castle Street, Falcon Square, in the City of London,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR LIGHTING ROOMS AND BUILDINGS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for lighting
rooms and buildings. For this purpose I make an oblong hole or opening in
the ceiling of the room or building, and into this opening I fit and fix a
reflector formed of corrugated glass, with polished tin or other metal behind
it. The reflector is in form a hollow truncated pyramid with an oblong base,
and the interior is the reflecting surface; it is so fixed that its lower edge or

page_text: base comes flush with the ceiling in which it is fixed. With this reflector a
long straight gas burner is employed; it is placed midway between the sides
of the reflector, and the burner is bored so that there may be numerous jets
of flame along each of its sides. The burner should be fixed below the level
of the base of the pyramid.
In place of this arrangement I sometimes employ a reflector, the form of
which is nearly a truncated cone, but its base is not truly circular, but a
polygon of many sides, and the reflector is made up of as many pieces of
corrugated glass and of metal as there are sides in the base. This reflector is
used in combination with a ring burner placed concentric with the base of the
cone and below the plane thereof. There is also combined with the first
reflector a second of similar form, "but smaller, and with its reflecting surface
on the exterior it is inverted within the first; its apex comes nearly down to
the level of the burner, and its base is on a level with the upper edge of the
principal reflector, a passage, however, is left between the two for the escape
of the products of combustion, and for the ventilation of the room or
building.
In place of employing corrugated glass and flat sheet metal, corrugated
metal and flat glass may be employed, or corrugated metal may be employed
without glass.
Either of the above described forms of reflectors may be placed below
the ceiling of the room or building in place of being fitted into an opening
therein.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Isaac Schwartz in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 2
1st May 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ISAAC
SCHWARTZ, of Castle Street, Falcon Square, in the City of London, 'send
greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters 30
Patent, bearing date the First day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Isaac Schwartz, Her special licence, that I,' the said Isaac

page_text: Schwartz, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Isaac Schwartz, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland;
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR LIGHTING ROOMS AND BUILDINGS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Isaac Schwartz, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Isaac Schwartz, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to bo
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for lighting
rooms and buildings. For this purpose I make an oblong hole or opening in
the ceiling of the room or building, and into this opening I fit and fix a
reflector formed of corrugated glass, with polished tin' or other metal beliind
it. The reflector is in form a hollow truncated pyramid with an oblong. base,
and the interior is the reflecting surface; it is so fixed that its lower edge or
base comes flush with the ceiling in which it is, fixed. With this reflector a
long straight gas burner is employed; it is placed midway between the sides
of the reflector, and the burner is bored so that there may be numerous jets of
flame along each of its sides. The burner should be fixed below the level of
the base of the pyramid.
In place of this arrangement I sometimes employ a reflector the form of
which is nearly a truncated cone, but its base is not truly circular, but &
polygon of many sides, and the reflector is made up of as many pieces of
corrugated glass and of metal as there are sides in the base. This reflector is
used in combination with a ring burner placed concentric with the base of the
cone and below the plane thereof. There is also combined with this reflector
& second of similar form, but smaller, and with its reflecting surface on the
exterior; it is inverted within the first; its apex comes nearly down to the
level of the burner, and its base is on a level with the upper edge of the
principal reflector; a passage, however, is left between the two for the escape

page_text: described of corrugated glass with polished metal behind it, or of flat glass and
corrugated metal, or of corrugated metal only.
In witness whereof, I, the said Isaac Schwartz, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
I. SCHWARTZ. (L.B.)