Improvements in Glazing or in Securing Glass in Roofs, Domes, Frames, Windows, and the like.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Oct., 1897
Complete Specification Left. 28th June. 1898-Accepted 27th Aug. 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION,
Improvements in Glazing or in Securing Glass in Roofs, Domes,
Frames, Windows, and the like.
I, JOHN RUTHERFORD CARLISLE, of Ardenlee Avenue, Belfast, in the County of
Antrim, Ireland, Glazier and Glass Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to what is usually known as metallic glazing, the improve-
ments being applicable to the glazing of large surfaces such as glass roofs domes
and the like as well as to 'frames and windows of various kinds a particular
feature of my invention being that it is applicable to curved as well as flat glass
sheets.
In carrying out my invention I employ where a horizontal joint has to be made
a strip of lead or composition of an H section or approximately of this section of
a suitable thickness and strength and secure the edge of the glass therein by a
suitable cement which will keep the surface so formed weather tight. The lead
in this case is of sufficient strength to replace the wooden or metal supporting bar
or strip usually employed and may be bent or curved to follow the shape of the
glass.
In the case of a vertical joint I employ a wooden or metal bar or strip and secure
to same a strip of lead or composition above which is another strip of or similar
section adapted to hold the edges of the glass on to the flat lead strip the two
strips being screwed or secured to the wooden or metal bar. A suitable cement
may also be used in this case if desired.
The strip or cover piece is preferably of a section having its greatest thickness
in the middle so that it is suitably stiffened and adapted to take the strain of the
glass.
Improvements in Glazing or in Securing Glass in Roofs, Domes,
Frames, Windows, and the like.
I, SARAH CARLISLE, of Ardenlee Avenue, Belfast, in the County of Antrim,
Ireland, Widow of John Rutherford Carlisle, deceased, of the same place, and
Administratrix of his Estate, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and

page_text: in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to what is usually known as metallic glazing the improve-
ments being applicable to the glazing of large surfaces such as glass roofs, either
flat or otherwise, domes, and the like as well as to frames and windows of various
kinds, a particular feature of the invention being that it is applicable to curved
as well as flat glass sheets and to heavy glass such as plate and similar thick glass.
In the accompanying drawing which forms part of this specification is illustrated
my invention the same comprising means for making both the vertical and hori-
zontal joints or in the case of fat surfaces the joints running at right angles
to each other.
Fig. 1 is a section of an under bar or rafter with bed, cover plate, and glass the
whole forming the arrangement employed for the vertical or principal joint.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section on line x-x of Fig. 1 illustrating the invention
as employed in a curved bar and
Fig. 3 is a section shewing a horizontal or cross joint.
By reference to the drawing it will be seen that the vertical or principal joint
shewn in Figs, 1 and 2 consists of a plate or sheet a sufficiently thick to form a
bed for the glass. This is preferably of lead though it may be of a suitable
composition or metal, and it is provided with holes for screws by which it may
be secured to the under bar or rafter c. The glass sheets d d are held in position
by a cover plate or cap e which abuts against this plate a in the centre but is
recessed or rebated on the under side and at each edge to receive the glass dd. It
is provided with holes through which pass screws f which also pass through the
plate and serve to hold both parts with the glass to the under bar or rafter c. The
cover plate or cap is preferably produced by forcing through a die and is provided
with a rounded back with the greatest thickness in the middle so as to re-enforce
the strength towards the edges whereby the greatest thickness is at the point of
greatest strain. The principal strength in the joint lies it will be seen in the
cover and not in the under sheet or bed as is usually the case in the present systems
of metallic glazing. For the purpose of making an entirely waterproof joint
cement is preferably employed between the glass and the holding parts. The
vertical or principal joint being formed in this substantial manner, it is not
necessary for the horizontal or lateral joint to have the same strength. The device
employed for this therefore consists of a lead or other suitable metal or composi-
tion strip g of H section as shewn in Fig. 3 such strip having rounded backs so
that the greatest thickness is obtained in the centre so that an effective support
is afforded for the glass d.
The lead or like strip is of sufficient strength to replace the wooden or metal.
supporting bar strip or sash usually employed but yet may be bent sufficiently to
follow a curve of the glass where such curve is not of an abrupt character. The
absence of the under bar or sash admits more light and there being no lapping of
the glass the joint is both strong and sightly. To keep the joint water tight
cement is preferably employed between the holding surfaces.
It will be seen that the invention is adapted to any form of plain rafter or
under bar either of wood or metal and is therefore adapted for repairing old work
on top of old rafters.
The use of cement with the glazing makes it perfectly air and water tight and
hence the arrangement is adapted for flat roofs or for glass lights over areas.
A great advantage of the arrangement is its adaptability to glass domes in
which the trouble has always been the liability of the rafters both vertical and
horizontal to rot, through the glazing not being perfectly water tight.
It is of course well known to employ strips of lead or composition of H section
in the manufacture of leaded glass but such strips are of a slight character and
are adapted to be bent into the outlines of the pieces of comparatively thin glass
which is not possible with the strip of the weight and strength now proposed for

page_text: the horizontal joint and which is employed according to the present invention
in connection with glass of large weight such as plate glass.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim
is:-
1. The improved joint or glazing consisting of the combination of a bed plate
of lead, composition, or the like and a heavy cover plate abutting against same
centrally, adapted to be secured thereto and to an under bar and rebated to receive
the glass substantially as described.
2. The improved glazing consisting of the combination with a vertical or prin-
cipal joint of sufficient strength to form the roof or the like of a horizontal or
lateral joint consisting of a strengthened lead, composition, or like strip and con-
necting the principal joints whereby a horizontal or lateral bar or rafter is dis-
pensed with substantially as described.
3. The improved glazing consisting of the combination with a bed plate of lead,
composition, or the like, a strengthened cover plate secured thereto rebated to
receive the glass and forming the vertical or principal joint, of a horizontal or
lateral joint consisting of a strip of lead, composition, or the like of H section
substantially as described.
4. The improved arrangement of parts or glazing for heavy glass substantially
as described and illustrated in the drawings.
Dated the 28th day of June 1898.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
Chartered Patent Agent, 55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London.
For the Applicant.