Improvements in and connected with Machines for Drying Brewers' Refuse and other Materials or Substances Requiring similar Treatment.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 30:h Jan., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 30.h Nov., 1896-Accepted, 30th Jan., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Machines for Drying Brewers'
Refuse and other Materials or Substances Requiring similar
Treatment.
1, RICHARD CUNLIFFE, of 61, Derby Road, Weaste, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in and connected with that class of
machines for drying brewers' refuse and other materials or substances requiring
similar treatment for instance grain, rice, granulated chemicals, stable, towns'
and slaughter-house refuse and the like wherein the said material or substance
is placed into a cylinder adapted to rotate inside a casing over a furnace.
The object of my invention is firstly to so construct the said furnace that the
hot air for the interior of the said cylinder is generated in two separate volumes
and thus greatly increased in efficiency. Secondly, to so construct a furnace that
the hot gases from the fire are prevented from rushing through the furnace and
thus beat the said cylinder externally more efficiently. Thirdly, to so arrange the
said cylinder and casing over the said furnace that the supply and discharge of
the material or substance may be effected either manually or automatically.
To this end I build the said furnace with a chainber along each side, adapted to
communicate with the ends of hollow taper fire bars which are employed cross-
wise. One of the said chambers extends only from the bottom of the furnace to
the top of the fire bars whilst the other extends from the bottom to the top of the
furnace and is horizontally divided in two compartments, the lower compartment
and the first named chamber being in front of the furnace each furnished with a
sliding door which serves to admit air into the same respectively. At the back
of the fire bars is arranged a hollow fire bridge containing a perforated partition
in front of which is a passage communicating with the lower aud behind a passage
communicating with the upper of the said compartments. Over the top of the
whole length of the furnace is formed another chamber which communicates with
the last named compartment and at the back with a casing connected with the
respective end of the cylinder. The sides of the flue at the back of the fire bridge
and the top or plate of the furnace are formed with openings respectively corre-
sponding with each other and communicating with the space between the exterior
of the said cylinder and the flue for the admittance of the hot gases into the said
space.
When adapting the machine for drying brewers' refuse, grain, rice, and the
like I arrange the said cylinder to be rotated horizontally, by band or power, say
by worm wheel gearing, each cylinder end being formed with a trunnion rotating
upon pulleys, whilst its side and that of the casing I form with a door or doors
which permit of charging the cylinder and of removing the treated material or
substance manually. The casing communicating with the said hot air chamber
and the trunnion of the cylinder, I form with a door which serves to admit cold air
into the cylinder und permit of observing or testing the material or substance

page_text: under treatment whilst the machine is in motion and with another door having
attached upon its inner side a thermometer adapted to indicate the degree of the
hot air. The cylinder end opposite to where the hot air enters I form with
openings covered with wire gauze, through which the noxious gases resulting from
treatment of the material or substance can escape through a chimney connected
with the casing over the cylinder.
When adapting the machine for the automatic charge and discharge of the
material or substance such as slaughter-house, stable and the like refuse or
granulated chemicals I employ a cylinder without trunnions and to rotate at an
incline upon pulleys. The inlet or higher end of the cylinder I arrange in con-
nection with a screw or other suitable feeding device supplied with the material or
substance to be treated. The same end has a chimney, the lower end of which is
divided into two parts, oue part communicating with the space between the said
cylinder and casing and the other with the inlet end of the cylinder, a damper
being employed in the first named part to permit of regulating the draught and
the exit of the hot gases from the said space as may be required, which hot
gases meet the foul gases arising from the material or substance under treatment
in the cylinder and are thus utilized to kill the latter before their exit into the
atmosphere. The said hopper is fitted against the last named chimney part for
the purpose of utilizing the beat radiating therefrom for preliminarily drying the
material or substance in the hopper previous to it being fed into the cylinder.
Over the outlet end of this cylinder I employ a casing resting upon the ground
into which the treated material or substance drops from the cylinder whilst a door
in the side of the said casing permits its removal. In communication with the
latter casing and the back end of the furnace is arranged a chamber, through
which passes the hot air from the furnace into the interior of the said cylinder by
way of the said discharge casing. The said chamber is also furnished with a door
having on its inner side a thermometer which indicates the degree of hot air.
In each case the said cylinder is furnished internally with blades to turnover the
n.aterial or substance under treatment.
Dated this 29th day of January 1896.
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
Agents to Applicant.
COMPLETE SP CIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Machines for Drying Brewers'
Refuse and other Materials or Substances Requiring similar
Treatment.
1, RICHARD CUNLIFFE, of 61, Derby Road, Weaste, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in and connected with that class of
machines for drying brewers' refuse and other materials or substances requiring
similar treatment for instance grain, rice, granulated chemicals, stable, towns' and
slaughter-house refuse and the like, wherein the said material or substance is
placed into a cylinder adapted to rotate inside a casing over a furnace.
The object of my invention is firstly to so construct the said furnace that the
hot air for the interior of the said cylinder is generated in two separate volumes
and thus greatly increased in efficiency. Secondly, to so construct a furnace that
the hot gases from the fire are prevented from rushing through the furnace and

page_text: thus heat the said cylinder externally more efficiently. Thirdly, to so arrange
the said cylinder and casing over the said furnace in the continuous type of
machine that the supply and discharge of the material or substance may be effected
automatically and at the same time the material or substance before being fed into
the cylinder will be preliminarily heated.
And in order that my invention may be more fully understood I have caused to
be appended bercunto two sheets of drawings marked with letters of reference
indicating like parts in the various figures.
Fig. 1, Sheet I, is a longitudinal section, Figs. 2 & 3 respectively a front and a
back end view, and Figs. 4, 5, 6, & 7, cross sections at lines A-B, C-D, E-F,
G-H of Fig. 1 respectively of a furnace and machine constructed in accordance
with my invention, suitable for drying brewers' refuse, grain, rice, and the like and
arrange for manual supply and discharge.
Fig. 8, Sheet II, is a longitudinal section and Fig. 9 a cross section at line I-K
of a furnace and machine constructed in accordance with my invention, suitable for
drying slaughter-house, stable and the like refuse or granulated chemicals and
arranged for automatic supply and discharge.
a is the furnace, b the rotary cylinder, having trunnions,, mounted upon
pulleys 3, 3, and c the casing in which the cylinder b revolves.
In carrying out my invertion and referring to Sheet I, I build the said furnace
at each side with a chamber a', a², see more particularly Figs. 4 & 5, adapted to
communicate with the ends of hollow taper fire bars d which are employed cross-wise.
One of the said chambers, in this instance a³, reaches from the bottom of the
furnace to the top of the fire bars whilst the other a' reaches from the
bottom to the top of the furnace and by a plate as is horizontally divided in two
compartments, the lower of the said compartments and the chamber a² being in
front of the furnace each furnished with a sliding door e, e', see Fig. 2, which
serve to admit cold air into the same respectively as may be required. At the back
of the fire bars is arranged a hollow fire bridge containing a perforated
partition in front of which is a passage y communicating at one side with the
back end of the chamber a² and at the other with that of the bottom compartment
of the chamber a', as shown by the arrow in Fig. 5. Behind the fire bridge f
another passage g' is formed, Figs. 1 & 6, which communicates with the upper
compartment of the chamber a'. Over the top of the whole length of the furnace
is formed another chamber h which communicates with the last named compart-
ment al and its back end with a casing e' connected with the respective end or
trunnion of the cylinder . The sides of the flue i near the top or plate of
the furnace are formed with openings &, see Figs. 1 & 7, respectively
corresponding with each other and communicating with the space between the
exterior of the cylinder b and the flue for the admittance of the hot gases into the
said space.
The cylinder b in this type of machine is mounted horizontally and can be
rotated either by hand or power, for instance as shown in Figs. 1 & 2, by worm wheel
gearing. The side of the cylinder b and that of the casing c I forin with a door or
doors & respectively, which permit of charging the cylinder & and of removing
the treated material or substance manually. The casing e' communicating with the
hot air chamber h and the trunnion of the cylinder form with a door
Figs. 1 & 3, which serves to admit cold air into the cylinder and permit of
observing or testing the material or substance under treatment whilst the machine
is in motion and with another door having attached upon its inner side a
thermometer adapted to indicate the degree of the hot air. The cylinder end
opposite to where the hot air enters form with openings, Figs. 1 & 4,
covered with wire gauze, through which the noxious gases resulting from treatment
of the material or substance can escape through a chimney connected with the
cylinder casing c.
According to a modification of my invention 1 may arrange the hollow fire bars d
longitudinally in the furuace a, in lieu of cross-wise as shown in Fig. 1 an 1 pipes ²

page_text: over the furnace whereby a current of hot air is introduced into the back end of
the chamber h, as shown in dotted lines Fig. 1.
Referring to Sheet II of the drawings annexed, when adapting the continuous
type of machine for the automatic charge and discharge of the material or substance
such as slaughter-house, stable and the like refuse or granulated chemicals,
1 employ a cylinder b without trunnions and to rotate in an incline plane direct
upon pulleys 3, 3. The inlet or higher end of the cylinder I arrange in con-
nection with a feed screw or other suitable feeding device supplied with the
material or substance to be treated. The same end has a chimney m, the lower
end of which is divided into two parts m', m², one part m' communicating with the
space between the cylinder b and casing c and the other with the inlet end of the
cylinder b, a damper n being employed in m¹ to permit of regulating the draught
and the exit of the hot gases from the space k as may be required, which hot gases
meet the foul gases arising from the material or substance under treatment in the
cylinder and are thus utilized to kill the latter before their exit into the
atmosphere. Against the chimney part m² is fitted a hopper for the purpose of
utilizing the heat radiating therefrom for preliminarily drying the material or
substance in the hopper previous to it being fed into the cylinder b.
Over the outlet end of this cylinder I employ a casing o resting upon the ground
into which the treated material or substance drops from the cylinder whilst a
door o' in the side of the casing o permits its removal. In communication with the
latter casing and the back end of the furnace a is arranged a chamber a³, through
which passes the hot air from the furnace into the interior of the cylinder b
by way of the said discharge casing o. The chamber a³ is also furnished with
a door having on its inner side a thermometer which indicates the degree of
hot air.
The construction of the furnace a in this type of machine is the same as that
already described with the exception that the hot gases are conducted from the
flue into the space by passages arranged externally at each side of the
casing c and cylinder b, see Fig. 9.
In either type of machine the said cylinder bis furnished internally with blades p
to turnover the material or substance under treatment.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inveu-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim, is-
1st. In and connected with drying machines a furnace having hollow fire bars d
and a hollow fire bridge with perforated partition inside thereof, in combination
with two air chambers a', a' formed at the sides of the fire bars and with a hot air
chamber over the said fire bars and the furnace flue i, the chambers a', a serving
to admit cold air and heat the same in two separate volumes, one volume passing
through the hollow fire bars & and the other through the fire bridge finto the hot
air chamber h and bence jointly into the cylinder b, all substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
2nd. In a furnace constructed as specified in the preceding claim, a flue i arranged
directly below the hot air chamber and having side openings communicating
with the space between the casing e and cylinder b, all substantially as set
forth.
3rd. In the continuous type of drying machine hereinbefore referred to, the
combination with the casing e and cylinder of a divided chimney, m', m
adapted to communicate respectively with the price around and the interior of
the cylinder respectively, all substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
4th. In combination with a chimney such as specified in the preceding claim, a
hopper employed against the said chimney and adapted to preliminarily heat the
material and substance to be treated before entering the drying cylinder b, all
substantially as set forth.

page_text: 5th. In combination with a furnace such as specified in Claims 1 & 2, and the
outlet end of the cylinder of the continuous type of drying machine, a casing o
into which the treated material or substance runs and through which the heated
air from the hot air chamber h enters the drying cylinder b, all substantially as set
forth.
Dated this 28th day of November 1896.
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
4, Corporation Street, Manchester, Agents to Applicant.