IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COLLARS, CUFFS, SHIRT FRONTS, CLERGYMEN'S BANDS, STOCKS, AND ARTICLES. OF A LIKE NATURE
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Arthur Granger, of 308, High Holborn, London,
W.C., Stationer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF COLLARS, CUFFS, SHIRT FRONTS, CLERGYMEN'S BANDS, STOCKS, AND ARTICLES.
OF A LIKE NATURE."
Sealed the 9th April 1861, and dated the 10th December 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur Granger at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th December 1860.
I, ARTHUR GRANGER, of 308, High Holborn, London, W.C., Stationer,.
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF COLLARS, CUFFS, SHIRT FRONTS, CLERGYMEN'S BANDS, STOCKS, AND
ARTICLES OP A LIKE NATURE," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of collars, cuffs, shirt fronts,.
clergymen's bands, stocks, and other articles of a like nature made from paper,
cardboard, or any substance made from paper pulp. From the paper I stamp
out the aforesaid articles by means of dies or sharp instruments, & I emboss
thereon raised or sunk patterns when desirable, or form the patterns by
piercing the paper to produce a resemblance of openwork. Lines of orna-
mental stitching may also be embossed on the articles by pressure. I also
purpose to apply color printing to the above.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Arthur Granger in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
8th June 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ARTHUR
GRANGER, of 308, High Holborn, London, W.C., Stationer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Arthur Granger, Her special licence that I, the said Arthur Granger,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Arthur Granger, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COLLARS, CUFFS, SHIRT FRONTS, CLERGYMEN'S
BANDS, STOCKS, AND ARTICLES OF A LIKE-NATURE," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Arthur Granger, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Arthur Granger, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of collars, cuffs, shirt fronts,
clergymen's bands, and other articles of a like nature made from paper,
cardboard, or any other substance made from paper pulp. From the paper
I stamp out the aforesaid articles by means of dies or sharp instruments, and
I emboss thereon raised or sunk patterns, if desired; or I form the patterns
by piercing the paper to produce a resemblance of openwork. Lines of
ornamental stitching may also be embossed on the articles by pressure.
also purpose to apply color printing to the above.
I
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, I will proceed to describe

page_text: more fully the best means
practice.
am acquainted with for carrying the same into
In the manufacture of collars, cuffs, shirt fronts, clergymen's bands, neckties,
stocks, and other articles of a like nature of paper according to my Invention,
it is desirable to employ paper of good quality so as not to tear easily or
absorb moisture too readily, and when required to be made up into ȧrticles to
imitate linen it should be perfectly white to resemble that material; and I
would remark that I am aware that gentlemen's shirt collars and cuffs have
before been made of paper and cloth or woven fabric combined or united
together, and commonly known as "paper cloth," I therefore make no claim
to the use of such combination of materials for the purpose of carrying out my
Invention.
The shapes of the collars, cuffs, &c., are first cut out of sheets of paper by
means of dics, cutters, or sharp instruments of suitable form, a press being
employed for this purpose, such as is used for cutting out forms in paper for
envelopes, &c. The shapes of the articles thus cut out are finished with
suit e tools and pressure to give the appearance of plain or ornamental
stitching thereto, or, if desired, raised, sunk, or embossed patterns may be
produced thereon, or designs in color may be printed upon them, so as to
resemble articles made of linen, or the woven fabrics usually employed for
such purposes. Patches or bands of woven fabric, parchment, leather, or
other suitable material are cemented to the parts of such articles where the
button-holes are pierced, or where fastenings are attached, or to other parts,
in order to give strength thereto.
When it is desired to give the appearance of lace or embroidered work to
ladies or children's collars, cuffs, &c., or to other articles made of paper,
according to my Invention I emboss or pierce such articles with suitable tools
and pressure to produce embroidered or other designs thereon, or to imitate
lace or openwork of varied character and design, as is well understood in the
production of such designs on paper for other purposes. Articles made of
paper, according to my Invention may thus be made to resemble very closely
the more costly articles of the same description made of linen, woven fabric,
lace, or embroidery.
Articles such as collars, cuffs, stocks, shirt fronts, &c., made of paper,
according to my Invention may, if desired, be submitted to pressure in suitable
dies to shape them so as to fit the neck or other part of the wearer, and I
prefer to make up and secure the ornamental bows or ties to the front parts
of stocks, neckties, collars, &c., by sewing or cementing them thereon, so that

page_text: they may not require to be tied or made up by the wearer, such articles being
fastened in any convenient manner at the back, or in front underneath the
ornamental bow or tie, as is well understood in fastening on similar articles
made of woven fabric or other materials.
It will be evident from the foregoing description that ladies' or gentlemen's
collars or cuffs, and habit shirts, shirt fronts, clergymen's bands, neckties,
stocks, and other articles of a like character made of paper, according to my
Invention may be made very cheaply, and when soiled by the wearer may be
cast aside or destroyed, and replaced by new ones at less cost than that usually
incurred in the washing or cleansing of similar articles made of more costly
materials, such as linen, woven fabric, lace, or embroidery.
In witness whereof, I, the said Arthur Granger, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventh day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
Witness,
J. G. TONGUE, Patent Agent,
34, Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane, W.G.
ARTHUR GRANGER. (L.S.)