AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF GAS BURNER AND GAS REGULATOR
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for
Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Me-
chanical Draughtsman, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED
MANUFACTURE OF GAS BURNER AND GAS REGULATOR."-A communi-
Sealed the 8th March 1854, and dated the 9th September 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent
Newton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 9th September 1858.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF GAS BURNER AND
GAS REGULATOR" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the employment of certain means for
equalizing the pressure of gas when supplied to the consumer, and
thereby preserving a steady and unvarying flame, while at the same
time the blowing or whistling of the gas is prevented, and also to a
means of preventing the corrosion and clogging of gas burners.
The burner, which the inventor terms the self-regulating burner, is
composed by preference of white metal analogous in composition to
Britannia metal, and is formed of two tubular portions; the upper. one.

page_text: being the jet or tip, and the lower one containing the regulating appa-
ratus. The upper part is like the common fish-tail burner, and needs no
description. The lower portion (which fits into the jet part of the burner)
is made conical towards its upper end, and closed at its extremity.
At the base the cone is pierced with small holes, and it acts as a sort
of compressing chamber for the gas, and distributes it steadily and
equally to the jet, however the pressure may fluctuate. In the cylin-
drical portion of this lower half of the burner are placed small metallic
cups having conical points on their upper surfaces, and a ring encir-
cling the orifice through which the gas is admitted on their under sides.
These cups, when arranged once above the other in the tube, form
separate chambers, in which are placed small discs of thin sheet metal,
one in each chamber. Each lise is perforated with a small graduated
hole. so arranged that as the pressure of gas in the pipe increases the
lises successively rising present at each increased pressure a diminished
orifice for the passage of the gas, and thus the quantity supplied to the jet
is regulated. The rings on the under sides of the cops serve as surfaces
for the discs or valves to strike against, and thus their action is rendered
certain. The conical points on the upper surface of the cups are for
the purpose of receiving the discs as they successively drop when the
pressure diminishes, and preventing them from offering any obstruction
to the free passage of the gas when the pressure is so low as to render
it necessary that the whole of the gas should reach the jet without
hindrance.
This improved regulating apparatus is applicable to all kinds of gas
burners, and, if preferred, it may be applied to the meter, or to the
nain or service pipe, instead of to the burners singly.
In manufacturing gas jets so as to ensure free exit passages for the
gas, and thereby gain the whole benefit derivable from the regulating
apparatus, the following method is adopted-The body of the burner
is first cast in two parts, as above described, and the extreme tip is
formed by rolling pure tin to a uniform thickness, and cutting it into
small round discs of the necessary size, and compressing these in a die
press to the required shape. These tips are then placed in a dic
formed to receive them under a punch, which works at an angle, and is

page_text: employed in place of the ordinary drill. The die is mounted so as to
be capable of making a half revolution; thus, when one hole is formed
by the descent of the punch the die is turned round, and a second hole
is made precisely opposite the first one. By being thus punched with
the punch at a fixed angle the holes will be always clean, regular, and
true, and directly opposite to each other. When the tips are thus
punched they are fitted into the top of the burner with the aid of a
blow pine.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 9th March 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 1.
ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, hearing date the Ninth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the seven-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, Her special
license that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Alfred Vincent
Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF GAS BURNER AND GAS
REGULATOR," being a communication from abroad, upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in

page_text: the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be perforined, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing here-
unto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to
say):
This Invention, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent,
relates, first, to the employment of certain means for equalizing the
pressure of gas when supplied to the consumer, and thereby preserving
a steady and unvarying flame, while at the same time the blowing or
whistling of the gas is prevented; and, secondly, to a means of prevent-
ing the corrosion and clogging of gas burners.
The improved gas burner, which the inventor terms the "self-regu-
lating burner," is composed by preference of white metal analogous in
composition to "Britannia metal," and is formed of two tubular por-
tions set one within the other. The outer one carries at its upper end
the jet or tip through which the gas issues to be consumed, and
the lower tubular portion forms a chamber for receiving the regulating
apparatus.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1, shews in sectional elevation
on an enlarged scale this improved burner, which consists mainly of
two tubes a, and b, which are made slightly conical, and fit tightly
together, the outer tube a, on to the inner tube b. Fig. 2, shews the
outer tube a, detached and in side elevation, and Fig. 3, shews a similar
view of the tube b. The tube a, is closed at its upper end by a tip c,
shewn detached in plan and section at Figures 4. This tip is secured
in its place by means of soldering, and it is pierced in the manuer
herein-after described to permit of the escape of the gas from the
burner. The tube b, is closed at its upper end, and at a little distance
below it is pierced with a ring of holes. At its lower end this tube is
tapped with a female screw for securing the burner to the gas pipe,
and above this the regulating apparatus is situate. This apparatus

page_text: consists of a series of small metallic caps c¹, c¹, (see the detached views,
Figures 5,) provided with a central orifice, through which the gas from
the gas pipe passos upwards to a chamber d, which may be called the
compressing chamber. Encircling the central orifice of cach cap, and
situate on the inner face thereof, is a projecting annular lip, and on the
upper face of the caps c', c', are conical pins or projections for support-
ing small discs c, of thin sheet metal (see the detached views, Figures 6).
These caps are arranged one above the other in the tube b, and form
separate chambers, in each of which one of the small discs e, is placed.
These discs are perforated with central holes of varying diameter, aud
the discs are so arranged as to present an increasing resistance to the
passage upwards of the gas as the pressure of the gas in the service
pipe increases. Thus, supposing it is desired to establish an uniform
pressure of five tenths to six tenths of an inch of water, and the gas is
at a greater pressure in the service pipe than six tenths, the rush of
gas will lift the first valve, and reduce the size of the receiving aperture
by as much as the hole in the valve is less than that in the first orifice ;
should the pressure still increase, say to one inch, the second valve is
lifted, and in like manner the third, each successive valve reducing or
rather equalizing the supply as the pressure varies. The discs e, as
they rise, strike against the rings on the under sides of the caps, and
thus their action is rendered certain. When the pressure of the gas is
Sufficiently reduced to permit the discs to fall they are received on to
the conical points on the upper surface of the caps, and they are thus
prevented from offering any appreciable obstruction to the free passage
of the gas to the chamber d, whence it passes through the ring of holes
formed therein, and eventually escapes at the top of the burner.
This improved regulating apparatus is applicable to all kinds of
gas burners, and, if preferred, it may be applied to the meter, or to the
main or service pipe, instead of to the several burners connected with
one service.
In manufacturing gas jets of the kind shewn in the Drawing so as
to ensure a free exit passage for the gas, and thereby gain the whole.
benefit derivable from the regulating apparatus, the following method
is adopted :-The body of the burner is first cast in two parts, as

page_text: above described, and the extreme tip is formed by rolling pure tin to an
uniform thickness, and cutting it into small round discs of the requisite
size. These discs are compressed in dies to the required shape, and
they are then brought under the action of a punching apparatus, which
is employed in place of the ordinary drill to pierce the holes in the tip
of the burner. This punching apparatus is shewn in sectional elevation
at Fig. 7, wherein a, is the bed of the machine, and b, a bracket bolted
thereto, and forming a guiding support for a sliding stem c, which
carries the punching tool d. e, is a die mounted on a Vedged ring,
and held down to the hed of the machine by a central bolt. This die
is intended to receive the tip of the gas burner, and sustain it against
the thrust of the punch d. It is pierced with diagonal holes corre-
sponding to and capable of being brought to coincide with the line
of thrust of the punch. The die e, is held in position by a stop leverf
which enters a notch in the edge of the die, and is capable of being
raised therefrom by depressing the handle of the lever. A coiled
spring g, surrounding the stein c, is employed for raising the tool clear
of its work. The depression of the tool to effect the piercing of the
tip is effected by a cam h, acting upon the rear end of the stem c,
which cam is worked by means of a handle connected therewith.
When one hole is pierced the die is turned half round to bring the
tip into a proper position for piercing a second hole opposite to the
hole first pierced, or by a different arrangement of notches to receive
the end of the stop lever f; any other desired number of holes may
be pierced by the tool d. When the tips are thus pierced they are
fitted into the top of the burner with the aid of a blow pipe. By
being thus pierced with a punch, instead of being bored, the holes will
be always clean, regular, and true, and properly situated with respect
to each other.
Having now described the Invention of "An Improved Manufacture
of Gas Burner and Gas Regulator," as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, I wish it to be understood that under the above
in part recited Letters Patent I claim,-
First, the application to gas burners of the parts above described
for regulating the pressure of the gas as it passes off to be consumed.

page_text: Secondly, I claim in the manufacture of gas burners the use of tips
pierced with punching tools, as above set forth; and,
Thirdly, I claim the use of the improved gas regulator above de-
scribed, whether forming part of the burner or separate therefrom.
In witness whercof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Ninth day of March,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-
four.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66. Chancery Lane.
A. V. NEWTON. (L.S.)