IRON TUBULAR FENCING TO BE USED FOR GENERAL FENCING, AS WELL AS FOR THE PURPOSES OF IRRIGATION AND CONVEYING WATER WHERE REQUIRED, FOR AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PURPOSES
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Bayliss, of the Firm of WT and M. Bayliss
and Co., of Monmore Green, Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford,
for the Invention of "IRON TUBULAR FENCING TO BE USED FOR GENERAL
FENCING, AS WELL AS FOR THE PURPOSES OF IRRIGATION AND CONVEYING WATER
WHERE REQUIRED, FOR AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PURPOSES."
Sealed the 25th November 1858, and dated the 26th May 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Bayliss at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
May 1858.
I, WILLIAM BAYLISS, of the Firm of Wm and M. Bayliss and Co., of Monmore
Green, Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention for "IRON TUBULAR FENCING TO BE USED FOR
GENERAL FENCING, AS WELL AS FOR THE PURPOSES OF IRRIGATION AND CONVEYING.
WATER WHERE REQUIRED FOR AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PURPOSES," to be
as follows, (that is to say):-
My Improvements in the construction of fencing consist in making one or
more of the horizontal rails of tubing (such as iron gas tubing will answer the
purpose well), and in the uniting of the hurdles, so as to make a continuous
fence; the tubes may be united in any suitable convenient way with what may:
be called union joints. Fences so constructed will be found stronger and:

page_text: lighter than when wholly made of rod iron, while the tube or tubes of which it
is partly composed I purpose to be used, when desired, for conveying water, for
which purpose the fencing must be connected with a convenient elevated
reservoir, and at a suitable place or places the water may be drawn off by taps
either for the purposes of irrigation, or for the use of cattle, or other purposes for
which it may be required, or an elastic or positive tube or tubes may be applied
or connected in any desired position by portable or fixed means through which
the water may be carried laterally and be delivered with more or less force,
according to the elevation of the reservoir or source from which the water is
conducted; and at such places where it may be desirable to place a gate or
gates in the fencing, I purpose conducting the water down the termination of
the one hurdle and along the ground and up the end support or post of the
next in succession, the intermediate space to be filled up by a gate or gates
swung in the ordinary way..
'SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Bayliss in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 26th
November 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
BAYLISS, of the Firm of Wm and M. Bayliss and Company, Monmore Green,
Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Bayliss, Her special license that I, the said William Bayliss, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Bayliss, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IRON TUBULAR FENCING TO BE USED FOR
GENERAL FENCING, AS WELL AS FOR THE PURPOSES OF IRRIGATION AND CONVEYING
WATER WHERE REQUIRED FOR AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PURPOSES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Bayliss, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the sail Invention, and in what manner the same was

page_text: to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Bayliss, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
(that is to say):
The object and purpose of my Invention is to so construct iron fencing that
I shall not only be enabled to increase its combined strength and general ap-
pearance, but that it shall also form a medium for conveying water for the
purpose of supplying troughs or cisterus for the use of cattle, or for irrigation
or other purposes where water may be required. I effect this by making one or
more of the fence or hurdle rails tubular or hollow, which may be conveniently
done by forming them of common iron gas tubing, varying the size and number
of tubes according to the quantity of water I wish to pass through them; and as
the manufacture of the same description of tube necessarily involves the use of
an extensive diversified shape of angle, and other connecting parts, the same
appliances enable me to carry out and adapt this mode of constructing fencing
in every possible way that water may be desired or beneficially conveyed; as,
for instance, the connection from one hurdle to the another may be done either
by forming a shoulder near to the ends of the tubular rail or tapping the ends
externally and screwing on a nut, so that the shoulders or nuts on each end
shall form a bearing for the upright end rails to abutt against, and the hurdle
being placed right, and the succeeding hurdle being placed in continuous position.
a common connecting piece may be placed between them, and being screwed
up a perfect strong connection is formed; white lead or other suitable material
and washers being used to prevent leakage; and as these kind of connecting
pieces are commonly made somewhat of a T shape, great convenience is offered
for applying a lateral spout, tap, or plug, so that the water may be allowed at
convenience either to flow on or out at these connecting parts, the supply of
water being at all times obtained from a reservoir or reservoirs suitably placed
to ensure the desired pressure and supply; and, this being attended to, it does
not matter if the tube through which it is conducted is passed underground,
either before, after, or intermediately of its connection to and with the fencing,
such as in the case when such water has to be conducted across roads or
pathways, or from one permanent hurdle to another, with a swinging gate
between.
But in order that I may be well and thoroughly understood as to the
nature, and object, and mode of realizing my said Invention, I have drawn an

page_text: hurdle, the top rail of which is intended to be tubular, and which hurdle is
connected on the one side to a gate (partly broken off for convenience of space).
and on the other side to another hurdle (also partly broken off for the same
purpose), but which Drawing I will now more fully describe.
A and B are flat iron uprights forming the ends of the hurdle in the ordinary
and common way, as also the centre support C, while the rails D, E, F, and G
are intended to be of common rod iron, varying in size according to the size
and strength of hurdle we may wish to make; the top rail marked H, H, is
intended to be of common gas tubing, one end of which passes through the
standard A, and is united by screwing the part I up tight, so as to confine the
upright securely between this part. and the nut J, taking care that suitable
washers and other common means are used to prevent leakage. The upright
K; K, is also a tube connected at the top with the part I, and to an angle
piece at the bottom, shown in dotted lines, introduced here for the purpose of
showing that where gates or other obstructions intervene, that the water may
be conducted through tubes laid underground. The manner of connecting or
swinging the gate to the fixed hurdle, may be arranged in the ordinary way or
as here shown, namely, by making the vertical tube K, K, form the axis on
which the gate swings, nor is it at all essential that the part I, should be of a
bent or curved form, as here shown; as it may be like the angle shown in
dotted lines before described at L, and the manner of connecting the hurdles
together, so as to maintain a secure and-continuous course for the water, I
have exhibited a connecting piece, as at M, which is a simple ordinary means
commonly used for connecting gas tubing, and by turning this around with
proper tools and regulating the nuts N and O, a perfect strong water-tight
connection or union may be formed, and, if it may be desired, arrangements in
these parts may be formed for applying a suitable plug or tap or hose for
drawing off the water for the several purposes for which it may be required.
The parts M, I, and L, I have exhibited detached at Figs. 2, 3, and 4. Fig. 5
is a simple screw plug with a square or suitable bead by which it may be
turned, which plug forms a means of stopping up the lateral or vent hole in
the part M; or instead of a plug, a delivery pipe,may be attached as at Fig. 6,
but which may be fitted with a plug for cutting off or allowing the water to
flow as may be desired; and if such arrangements or facilities for allowing the
flow of water may be required on both sides of such fencing, in that case the
connecting part at M may be made of the form exhibited at Fig. 7; or if the
connecting parts may not be required for the purpose of drawing off, a simple
union may be formed from a joint, as exhibited at Fig. 8; the lugs p, p,
being simply for the purpose of assisting the screwing up. Fig. 9 simply

page_text: represents a small piece of tube tapped through its length (commonly called
by gasfitters a nipple), which may be serviceable for connecting the parts by
tapping the inner ends of the tubes, and by screwing the nipple partly into one
and partly into another, or instead of connecting two tubes a union joint may
be thus readily applied to the fencing and to a flexible hose, thus rendering
my Invention also greatly applicable for horticultural purposes, as, from the
control afforded over the current of water by my mode of construction, a
gardener would be enabled (the source of water being sufficiently elevated) to
command a large range or space, so that the operation of watering the plants,
&c., may be rendered comparatively agreeable labour.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same may be carried into effect, I wish it distinctly understood that
I do not purpose confining myself to the exact details as exhibited in the
Drawings hereunto annexed, or to the proportions there exhibited, as the
whole may be varied without departing from the object and spirit of my In-
vention; but what I do claim and wish to protect by these my in part recited
Letters Patent is, the use and application of tubular rails with their several
connecting parts, in the manufacture of iron hurdles and fencing for the
purposes of converting the said continuous tubular rail or rails into a means
for conveying water for the several uses herein-before described, without any
regard to the size or number of such tubular rails used in such fencing.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Bayliss, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Witness,
ALFRED PERRY,
Clerk to J. S. Cockings,
26, Ann Street,
Birmingham.
WILLIAM BAYLISS. (L.S.)