Ix- PROVEMENTS IN BOILERS
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Whitehead, of Preston, in the County of
Lancaster, Agricultural Implement Maker, for the Invention of "Ix-
PROVEMENTS IN BOILERS."
Sealed the 28th July 1857, and dated the 21st February 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Whitehead at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st February 1857.
1, JOHN WHITEHEAD, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Agricultural
Implement Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved form of boiler and setting for hot
water heating apparatus, whereby a large heating surface is obtained and
economy of fuel effected.
The boiler itself is of iron or other suitable material, and is saddle shape,
the furnace and fire-place being below the interior cavity. The back end of
the interior cavity of the boiler is partially closed, so as to effect a check or
retardation of the-draught. The fire bars are placed below the level of the
boiler, and the level of the boiler and the dead. plate inclines downwards from!
the front considerably, so as to leave large space for depositing the green or

page_text: fresh fuel upon before pushing it on to the fire bars. By this means the smoke
is consumed, by passing over the incandescent fuel on tho fire bars, before it
reaches the flue or chimney.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Whitehead in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
20th August 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
WHITEHEAD, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Agricultural Implement
Maker, send greeting.
year
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of February, in the of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, tho
said John Whitehead, Her special license that I, the said John Whitehead,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
John Whitehead, my exccutors, administrators, or assigns, should at any timo
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
BOILERS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John
Whitehead, by an instrument in writing under my hand and scal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the samo to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Whitehead, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:-
:
My said Invention relates to an improved form of boiler and its setting, to
be employed in conjunction with apparatus for the warming of buildings or
other places by means of hot water, a larger heating surface is thereby

page_text: obtained than in boilers of the ordinary construction, and economy of fuel is
effected.
The boiler itself is of iron or other suitable material, and is saddle shaped,
the furnace and fire-place being below the interior cavity. The back end of
the interior cavity of the boiler is partially closed, so as to effect a check or
retardation of the draught. The fire bars are placed below the level of tho
boiler, and the dead plate inclines downwards from the front considerably, so
as to leave large space for depositing the green or fresh fuel upon before
pushing it on to the fire bars. By this means the smoke is consumed by
passing over the incandescent fuel on the fire bars, before it reaches the fluo
or chimney.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood, I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose I shall
refer to the several Figures on the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed, the
same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in both Figures.
Figure 1 of my Drawings represents a longitudinal vertical section of the
boiler, with a more efficient mode of setting the same, by which means I obtain
a much larger heating surface and also a much greater economy of fuel than
by those which are now in use; and Figure 2 is a corresponding transverse
section of the same. A is the boiler or water space, which is saddle shaped.
The water, after passing through the pipe B on its way to the building or other
place to be heated, finds its way back into the boiler at C. D is the fire bridge,
which is made hollow to contain water, and communicates with tho boiler at
each side or end; E is the furnace for heating the boiler, and which, by its
peculiar position below the level of the boiler, is made to consume its smoke
before reaching the flue at the contracted passage F, which passage tends to
check or retard the draught in the flues G, and thereby increase the heating
power of the furnace; the fire bars at E are set some distance below the level
of the boiler. H is the dead plate, which inclines towards the fire bars at E,
and carries the fresh fuel, which fuel should not be pushed down into the
furnace until the smoke thereof has passed over the incandescent fuel on the
fire bars and has been entirely consumed.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, I would observe, in conclusion, that I do not confine or restrict
myself to the precise details or arrangements which I have had occasion to
describe or refer to, as many variations may be made therefrom without
deviating from the principles or main features of my said Invention; but

page_text: what I consider to be novel and original, and therefore 'claim as the Inven-
tion secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,―
First, the general construction and arrangement of boilers and their setting
for hot water apparatus, as lierein-before described.
Second, the system or mode of forming boilers for hot-water apparatus with
a fire bridge and a partially closed end, as licrcin-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Whitehead, have hercunto set my
hand and seal, the Eighteenth day of August, One' thousand eight
hundred and fifty-seven.