IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN APPARATUS FOR OILING THE SHAFTING, SPINDLES, AND OTHER MOVING PARTS OF SPINNING, ROVING, AND OTHER MACHINERY."
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Currie, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim,
Ireland, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN APPARATUS FOR
OILING THE SHAFTING, SPINDLES, AND OTHER MOVING PARTS OF SPINNING,
ROVING, AND OTHER MACHINERY."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Currie at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th September 1881.
WILLIAM CURRIE, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim, Ireland. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN AND IN APPARATUS FOR OILING THE SHAFTING, SPINDLES, AND OTHER
MOVING PARTS OF SPINNING, ROVING, AND OTHER MACHINERY."
In carrying out my Invention a metallic oil vessel, hereinafter called the main
vessel, is to be fixed at one end or other convenient position in each machine room.
This vessel may be of any dimensions large enough to hold the quantity of oil
necessary for the machinery in each room, or such part thereof to which this
Invention may be applied, and it is furnished with a gauge glass or a stout rod of
glass to indicate the quantity of oil within the vessel.
This vessel is fitted with an influx tube or aperture in which is placed a piece
of fine wire web through which the oil is forced when filling the vessel by a force
pump, the tubes of which are also fitted with finely woven wire web, whereby to
prevent all foreign substances or impurities from passing into the main vessel,
and so prevent any after obstruction to the flow of the oil within the parts of the
apparatus hereinafter described.
The oil in the main vessel is protected from the possibility of impurities or dirt
being conveyed to it by the atmosphere by fixing on the top of the influx tube or
aperture previously mentioned another tube or tubes hereinafter described, making
the connections around the edges airtight between them and the vessel by means
of a washer. The latter tube or tubes may be made in one or any greater number
of sections, and may be bent to any shape, circular, angular, or otherwise, and

page_text: have one or any greater number of bends according to purity or cleanliness of the
atmosphere in which the main vessel is placed.
In one or any greater number of the bends one or more pieces of wire web is
inserted, by means of which all dust and impurity are prevented from entering
the main oil vessel, while perfect access of air is allowed to the surface of the oil
within. This bent tube or tubes may be taken off and put on again at pleasure,
and the wire web is attached in each case to a screw or coupling piece, by means
of which it can be cleaned when necessary. The whole arrangement may be
fastened in top of the main vessel so as to stand in either a vertical or horizontal
position, or to form any angle with top of vessel when home in its fastenings.
This main oil vessel is further fitted with one or any greater number of efflux
tubes or pipes situated at any part of the sides slightly above the bottom of the
main vessel. Each efflux tube or pipe is furnished with a tap so that the outflow
of oil may be regulated or prevented at will. To each efflux tube or pipe from the
main vessel is attached another tube or pipe (or there may be more than one)
which runs over the bearings of the shafting and over the various frames to be
oiled either on a level at a slight and regular decline from or ascent to the main
vessel and back to it. This latter tube or pipe (or any other number of these more
than one) communicate with smaller oil vessels placed immediately over or beside
each frame, or on each line of shafting bearings (these vessels being hereinafter
called the secondary vessels), and this tube (or tubes) is furnished with as many
taps as there are secondary vessels to be filled, that is to say, with one tap for each
secondary vessel, and each tap is placed in immediate connection with its secondary
vessel so that the flow of oil out of the main vessel through the tube may be
directed into any one of the secondary vessels, or be altogether stopped when
desired. The taps in connection with this supply pipe from the main vessel to the
secondary vessels are each one furnished with one or more pieces of fine wire web
so as to deprive the oil on entering the secondary vessels of the least vestige of
dirt.
The secondary vessel or vessels herein referred to may be of any size or shape,
and may be made of any material provided they are furnished with the means of
determining the quantity of oil which has flowed in or out. For this purpose they
are made of some determinate internal capacity, and furnished with a graduated
slip or rod of stout glass or mica placed in the side through which the height of oil
within the secondary vessel can always be discerned and so the quantity deter-
mined, and to make this reading always exact a float made of any suitable
substance and of such a weight relative to.its bulk that its specific gravity will.not
exceed that of the lightest fixed oil. This float rises and falls with the column of
liquid within the secondary vessel, so that however dirty the outside of this vessel
may be a sharp line can always be drawn with the scale marked on the vessel
alongside the transparent rod or slip.
The secondary vessels are at all times open freely to the atmosphere, but the air
only reaches the surface of the oil by passing through one or more bent tubes in
which at least one piece of fine wire web is inserted; so as to arrest any dirt
floating in the atmosphere which in the oil vessel would be calculated to interfere
with the perfect flow of the oil in every part of the machine. In these secondary
vessels there is inserted in each on top an influx tube through which the oil enters
from the tap connected with tubes leading from the main vessel, and by means of
a coupling this tap and the influx tube of the secondary vessel are connected
together.
Within each of these secondary vessels there is inserted a pipe which passes
through the bottom and rises some distance within the vessel, the circumference
of the part within. the vessel being freely perforated.
Within this internal part a force pump plunger is inserted, the rod working
which passes through a hole drilled in the top of the secondary vessel, and which
the rod is made to fit into closely.. To the outer end of this pipe passing through
the bottom of this secondary vessel and at a little distance from the lowest point

page_text: touched by the plunger in its downward movement are attached by means of
suitable couplings the smaller tubes leading to the distributing vessel attached to
the frames or shafting bearings. These smaller tubes may be in part or throughout
made of some flexible material which is rendered air-tight.
Any number of distributing vessels may be connected with each secondary
vessel, this number depending on the number of levels or lines to be oiled in each
case, one for each separate level. In the case of shafting only one such distributing
vessel is requisite, but in such cases as linen spinning frames four or more such
distributing vessels may be applied, and one tube at least must be connected from
each of these distributing vessels into the secondary vessel, that is to say, if a
distributing vessel is placed on a frame to oil the top roller journals one tube will
be required to supply this vessel from the secondary vessel. A distributing vessel
placed on a frame to oil the bottom roller journals will in like manner require a
tube; a third tube will be required for a distributing vessel for necks, and a fourth
for the distributing vessel at steps of such frame, but however many tubes or
distributing vessels there may be, the whole of the tubes from the distributing
vessels enter through the unions into the secondary vessel as one.
The distributing vessels for top and bottom roller journals connected with the
secondary vessel as just explained may be made of any convenient size in one or
more sections, and may be of a conical shape, or may have each of them three or
more sides, always provided that whatever the form may be, or how many sections
each may contain, there must be a gradual taper of the vessel from one end of each
section to the other. The several sections must be furnished with an outlet by
means of a small valve, tap, or cap opening at the higher end of each section for
the purpose of allowing the air to escape when the distributing vessels are being
filled with oil from the secondary vessel. To any part of these vessels, as near as
possible to each journal to be oiled, there is fastened by means of a stout wire, or
hoop, or tube (capable of being raised and lowered) a small brush inserted in a case
into which the oil drops out of a tube or tubes inserted in the distributing vessels.
These tubes inserted in the distributing vessel may be of any length, straight,
curved, or angular, and of any requisite size, but there must be at least one for
each journal to be oiled. The brushes should rest in immediate contact with the
journal, so that the journals may be always lubricated by the oil soaking through
the fibres of the brush.
The aforesaid distributing vessels may be fastened in any convenient place
behind the top and bottom rollers of the frame.
The distributing vessels for shafting bearings, and for necks and steps connected
with the secondary vessel, as already explained, are vessels placed above, before, or
behind the bearings of shafting and necks and steps of spindles respectively, and
are made in each case of one or more sections of any convenient size and shape,
either conical or having three or more sides so arranged as to allow the air to escape
at the upper end of section while the vessels are being filled with oil, as explained.
regarding distributing vessels for top and bottom rollers.
In each of these distributing vessels for shafting bearings or for necks and steps
of spindles there are inserted as many tubes (or instead of tubes there may be
orifices with conical or semicircular adjutages) as there are spindles or bearings to,
be oiled, these tubes being of any length, straight, curved, or angular, and being
furnished with small caps, which serve as protectors of the points of the tubes, and
prevent all waste of oil by revolution of the spindles, however suddenly or forcibly
it may be applied while the spindle is revolving. For the purpose of strengthening
these tubes out of distributing vessel they should be all tied together by soldering
a thin metallic strap or case upon them.
When very frequent oiling of the necks and steps of spinning frames is a
necessity, I insert within their distributing vessels a stout rod, to which are attached
at same distance from each other as the pitch of the frame as many pins, either
straight or slightly bent, as there are spindles to be oiled. These pins pass through
the sides of the distributing vessels and through the centre of the tubes. Stout

page_text: wires attached to the rod bearing pins within the distributing vessel pass through
its sides, and by the motion of the builder of the frame up or down, or by its
motion at such intervals as may be considered necessary, these wires are drawn
forward, which carry the pins also forward from within the tubes filled by the
distributing vessel; these pins in their forward motion touch the spindles, and so
lubricate them as often as desired or arranged, the opposite motion of builder sending
the pins back again to the normal position within the vessel. When these pins
are not inserted the oil is applied to the spindle by its own flow, while the commu-
nication between the secondary and distributing vessels are kept open, as hereinafter
mentioned. While these communications are kept shut the distributing vessels are
being filled with oil; the pressure of the atmosphere sustains the column of liquid
and prevents any escape of oil. While the communications are open every orifice
on the same level and of equal diameter receives a like quantity with another,
depending, 1st, on the height of the column of liquids in the secondary vessels at top
of the frame as compared with the level of the discharge; 2nd, on the diameter of
the orifice; and, 3rd, on the length of time during which the communications are
kept open.
The communications herein referred to between the secondary and distributing
vessels are closed by means of taps inserted in the respective pipes at any point
between these vessels. One tap placed in the junction of all the distributing pipes
near to the secondary vessel closes all communication; but in order to allow cach
one of the distributing vessels to lubricate the bearings adjacent to it without a
second distributing vessel being called into action, each separate tube between the
two vessels is furnished with one or more taps. These taps are all connected with
a train of gearing governed by the motion of a pinion carried round by a worm
wheel, the worm being fixed in any convenient part of the frame, and this gearing
regulates the number of times that the communication for each vessel is opened on
each day.
For the purpose of oiling any journals or bearings not exactly in line with the
orifices of the tubes in the distributing vessels, I attach to each of these distributing
vessels a shallow pan, as small in dimensions as possible, with a perforated lid or
cover, and this pan I fill with oil. Into the pan I pass through the perforations
the same number of tubes as there are perforations (two or more) at any required
distance from each other. These tubes are let into, and are in communication with,
the interior of a pipe closed at one end by means of an air tight cap or cover, the
other end being closed by either a small india rubber ball or by a small force pump,
by means of either of which a part of the air within the pipe is expelled, and the
points of the small tubes being then placed a little under the surface of the oil, and
the ball or force pump being restored to the position in which the pipe and all its
connections are entirely filled with air, the air within the tubes becomes rarefied,
and the external pressure of the atmosphere sends an equal quantity of oil out of
the pan into each of the tubes connected with the india rubber ball or small force
pump. The tubes may then be brought into contact with the required journal or
bearings to be oiled, when on pressing the india rubber ball or depressing the force
pump the air within will expel from each tube whatever quantity was taken up by
each out of the pan and so oil the journal or bearings.
To economise space, as in very long distributing vessels, such as would be
requisite to oil an entire frame of cotton mule spindles, the taper in the vessel
would, if contained throughout, make it very large at one end and very small at
the other. The various sections should be united, small end to small end and
large end to large end alternately for the whole length of the vessel, thus avoiding
the inconvenience of having a distributing vessel large, and at same time ensuring
the expulsion of all air from the vessel. The action of the whole apparatus is as
follows: Ist. Once per month, or whenever necessary, oil is pumped into the main
vessel and filtered at same time as hereinbefore described. 2nd. This main vessel
being filled with oil the efflux taps in connection with it are opened; this fills the
tube or tubes running over the frames and shafting bearings, and communicating

page_text: with the secondary vessels. 3rd. This tube or tubes being filled while the efflux
tap or taps on the main vessel are still open one after another, the taps connected
with the secondary vessels are opened, and these vessels filled to the required
amount. When the secondary vessels are filled all the taps of the main and
secondary vessels are closed. 4th. For the first filling of the distributing vessels
out of the secondary vessels, it is necessary to prevent waste of oil while the
communications are open to place a cap upon each orifice or outlet of the dis-
tributing vessels, but the air communications must be kept open until the
distributing vessels are filled; after these vessels are once filled these air communi-
cations are carefully closed, the covers are taken off the various orifices, and the
communications between the secondary and the distributing vessels being closed; if
the distributing vessels are set upon a level, they will always remain filled while
the secondary vessel is replenished from time to time out of the main vessel.
the gearing in connection with taps regulates the supply to the spindles, bearings,
or journals, according to their arrangements, the attendance on frames or shafting
in oiling is reduced to the mere refilling of the main vessel at long intervals, and to
opening the communications between the main and secondary vessels when
necessary.
As

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Currie in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 13th March
1882.
WILLIAM CURRIE, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim, Ireland. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN AND IN APPARATUS FOR OILING THE SHAFTING, SPINDLES, AND OTHER
MOVING PARTS OF SPINNING, ROVING, AND OTHER MACHINERY."
My Invention relates to improvements in and in apparatus for oiling the
shafting, spindles, and other moving parts of spinning, roving, and other
machinery.
In order that my Invention may be more readily understood, I have illustrated
it in the accompanying Drawings, and will proceed to describe it with. reference
thereto.
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a linen spinning frame showing the application
of my Invention thereto; Figure 2 is a plan view, and Figure 3 is an end elevation
of the same; Figure 4 is an elevation, and Figure 5 a plan of the main vessel
hereinafter referred to; Figure 6 is an enlarged view of a distributing vessel
showing discharge tubes with lubricating pins, shown in dotted lines; Figure 7 is
a view of a tube with india rubber ball for expelling air from the tube, and
replacing it by oil, which remaining in the small discharge tubes may, by com-
pression of the india rubber ball, or by means of a small syringe, be expelled from
the tubes and delivered on the bearings as required; Figure 8 is an enlarged
sectional view of the distributing vessel and discharge tubes.
room.
The same letters of reference indicate similar parts in the different Figures.
In carrying out my Invention, a metallic oil vessel A, hereinafter called the
main vessel, is to be fixed at one end or other convenient position in each machine
This vessel should be capable of holding the quantity of oil necessary for
the machinery in each room, or such part thereof to which this Invention may be
applied, and it is furnished with a gauge a of glass or other transparent material
with a float a therein, to indicate the level of the oil within the vessel. This
vessel has an influx tube or aperture a furnished with a fine filter a³, preferably
of wire ganze (represented by the dotted lines) through which the oil is forced to
pass when filling the vessel, the filter preventing the entry of foreign substances or
impurities into the main vessel, and so preventing any after obstruction to the flow
of oil within the parts of the apparatus herein after described.
The oil in this inain vessel A is protected from impurities or dirt conveyed by
the atinosphere by fixing on top of the main vessel another tube or tubes a, which
may be made in one or more sections, and may be bent one or more times to a
circular, angular, or other shape. In one or more of these bends is inserted a
gauze filter a, preferably wire gauze, whereby dust and impurities conveyed by
the atmosphere are prevented from entering the main oil vessel A, while access of
air is allowed to the surface of oil within. This tube (or tubes) may be fixed in any
position on any part of the top of the vessel A, and may be made removable at
will or for cleaning.
a is the plunger of a force pump, the cylinder a of which passes through the
vessel A, communicates therewith by perforations, and projects below the same,
forming a well which is furnished with a tap or taps as required to control the
outflow of oil to the connecting pipe m. The pipe (or pipes) m from the main
vessel A runs over the bearings of the shafting, and over the various frames to be
oiled, either on a level or at a slight decline from the main vessel, and communi-

page_text: cates with smaller oil vessels B, bereinafter called secondary vessels, placed imme-
diately over or beside each frame, or on each line of shafting. This tube m has at
least one tap for cach secondary vessel placed close thereto, near the connection
marked b², so that the flow of oil from the main vessel A may be directed into any
one of the vessels B, or be altogether stopped when required. These taps are
furnished if necessary with wire gauze filters, in order to deprive the oil of any
remaining vestige of dirt.
The secondary vessel or vessels B should be furnished with means of determining
the quantity of oil which has flowed in or out; and for this purpose they are made of
some determinate internal capacity, and provided with a gauge glass b or a
graduated slip or rod of stout glass or mica placed in the side, through which the
height of oil within the vessel can always be discerned, and so the quantity
determined; and to make this reacting always exact, a float b¹ is inserted, made of
any suitable substance of less specific gravity than the lightest fixed oil. This float
rises and falls with the column of liquid within the secondary vessel, so that
however dirty the outside of this vessel may be, a sharp line can always be drawn
with the scale marked on the vessel alongside the transparent rod or slip.
The secondary vessels may be kept at all times open freely to the atmosphere,
but the air only reaches the surface of the oil by passing through one or more bent
tubes b, in which at least one piece of fine wire web or other filtering medium is
inserted to arrest any dirt floating in the atmosphere, which if admitted to the oil
vessel might interfere with the perfect flow of the oil in every part of the
machine.
The oil is supplied to these secondary vessels from the main vessel A through
tube m, connected by a coupling to an influx tube b² at top of the secondary
vessel. These secondary vessels are constructed like the main vessel above
described, each being fitted with a pipe 67 which passes through the bottom and
rises some distance within the vessel, the part within the vessel being perforated
just above the bottom of the secondary vessel. This pipe forms the cylinder for a
force pump plunger, whose rod passes through a closely fitting hole in the top of
the vessel B. To the lower end of this cylinder b', just above the lowest point
reached by the plunger are attached by means of suitable couplings the smaller
tube or tubes d leading to the distributing vessels attached to the frames or
shafting bearings hereafter described. These tubes d may be partly or wholly of
metal or of flexible material, rendered air tight, and, are furnished with an air
vessel or vessels C to regulate the quantity of oil delivered, and are further fitted
with taps o for opening or closing at will the connection between the air vessel C and
secondary vessel B, and with taps n for regulating or controlling the supply of oil to
the distributing vessels. Any number of distributing vessels D may be connected
with each secondary vessel B, this number depending on the number of levels or
lines to be oiled, there being in each case one for each separate level. In the case
of shafting only one such distributing vessel D is requisite, but in linen spinning
frames and in other similar cases, two, three, four, or more such distributing vessels
may be applied, one to oil the top roller journals, another to oil the bottom roller
journals, a third one for necks, and a fourth for the steps of the frame, but however
many distributing vessels there is at least one tube for the supply of each from
the secondary vessel, the whole of the tubes entering through the unions into the
secondary vessel as one, or being connected independently of each other to suitable
couplings on the secondary vessel. The distributing vessels D for top and bottom
roller journals connected with the secondary vessel, as just explained, may be made
of any convenient size in one or more parts or sections, and may be of a conical
shape, or may have each of them three or more sides, always provided that
whatever the form may be, or how many parts or sections each may contain, there
must be a gradual taper or incline of the vessel from one end or side (that is,
longitudinally or transversely) of each part or section to the other. Each part or
section must be furnished with an outlet valve, tap, or cap e, opening at the higher

page_text: end thereof to allow the air to escape when the distributing vessels are being filled
with oil from the secondary vessel. To any part of these vessels, as near as
possible to each journal to be oiled, there is fastened by means of a stout wire or
hoop or tube (capable of being raised and lowered) a small brush inserted in a case
marked into which the oil drops out of a tube or tubes of the distributing
vessels. There is at least one of these tubes for each journal to be oiled. The
brushes should rest in immediate contact with the journal, so that the journals may
be always lubricated by the oil soaking through the fibres of the brush. A similar
brush is applied in the same way to each journal of the lower roller.
The aforesaid distributing vessels D may be fastened in any convenient place
behind the top and bottom rollers of such frame as is here referred to.
The distributing vessels D¹ for shafting bearings and for necks and steps are
connected with the secondary vessel as already explained, and are placed above,
before, or behind the bearings of shafting, and necks and steps of spindles
respectively, and are made in each case of one or more sections of any convenient
size and shape, either conical or having three or more sides so arranged as to allow
the air to escape at the upper end of the section while the vessels are being filled
with oil, as explained with regard to the distributing vessels for top and bottom
rollers. Each of these distributing vessels for shafting bearings, or for necks and
steps of spindles, has as many tubes g (or instead of tubes there may be orifices.
with conical or semicircular adjutages), as there are spindles or bearings to be
oiled, these tubes being at distances apart corresponding to the pitch of the frame
and made with or without small caps intended to serve as protectors of the points
of the tubes and prevent all waste of oil by revolution of the spindles, however
suddenly or forcibly it may be applied while the spindle is revolving. For the
purpose of strengthening these tubes g they should be all tied together by soldering
a thin metal strap or case upon them whenever they are long enough to do so.
When very frequent oiling of the necks and steps of spinning or other similar
frames is necessary I insert within their distributing vessels a stout rod, to which
are attached as many pins as there are spindles to be oiled, these pins passing
centrally through the tubes g, as shown by the dotted line in Figure 6. Stout
wires attached to the rod which carries the pins pass through the sides of the
distributing vessel, and by the up and down motion of the builder of the frame,
or by its motion at such intervals as may be considered necessary; these wires are
drawn forward, thereby carrying the pins forward so that they project from within
the tubes and touch the spindles and so lubricate them as often-as-desired, the
opposite motion of the builder sending-the-pins back again to the normal position
_within the vessel. When these pins are not inserted the oil is applied to the
spindle while the communications between the secondary and distributing vessels
are kept open as herein-after mentioned; when these communications are kept shut,
the distributing vessels being filled with oil the pressure of the atmosphere sustains
the column of liquid and prevents any escape of oil. While the communications
are open every orifice on the same level and of equal diameter receives a like
quantity with another depending, 1st, on the height of the column of liquids in the
secondary vessels at top of the frame as compared with the level of the discharge;
2nd, on the diameter of the orifice; and 3rd, on the length of time during which
the communications are kept open.
The communications herein referred to between the secondary and distributing
vessels are closed by means of taps n and o inserted in the respective pipes at any
point between these vessels. One tap may be placed in a union or junction of all
the distributing feed pipes near to the secondary vessel to close all communication;
but in order to allow each one of the distributing vessels to lubricate the bearings
adjacent to it without a second distributing vessel being called into action, each
separate tube between the two vessels is furnished with one or more taps. These
taps may be either opened by hand when required or may be all connected with a
train of gearing governed by the motion of a pinion carried round by a wormn

page_text: wheel, the worm being fixed in any convenient part of the frame, and this gearing
regulating the number of times that the communication for each vessel is opened
on each day. For the purpose of oiling any journals or bearings not exactly in
line with the orifices of the tubes g of the distributing vessels, I attach to each of
these distributing vessels a shallow pan, as small in dimensions as possible, with a
perforated lid or cover, and this pan I fill with oil. Into the pan I pass through
the perforations the same number of tubes as there are perforations (two or more)
at any required distance from each other. These tubes are let into and are in
communication with the interior of a pipe f, Figure 7, closed at one end by means
of an air tight cap or cover, the other end being closed by either a small india
rubber ball k, or by a small force pump, or by any kind of syringe whereby part
of the air in the pipe may be expelled, and the mouths of the small tubes being
immersed in the oil a corresponding quantity of oil may be drawn in through the
tubes g when the ball or pump is restored to its former shape or position. The
tubes g may then be applied to the journal or bearings to be oiled and the oil
taken up out of the pan by each tube expelled on to the journal or bearing by
compressing the indiarubber ball or depressing the force pump. To economise
space as very long distributing vessels, such as required to oil an entire frame of
cotton mule spindles would be very large, at one end if the taper or incline runs in
the vessel longitudinally, and is continued throughout the various sections, should
when possible bo united small end to small end and large end to large end
alternately for the whole length of the vessel, thus avoiding the inconvenience
of a large distributing vessel and ensuring the expulsion of all air from the vessel.
The action of the whole apparatus is as follows:-1st, Once per month, or whenever
necessary, oil is pumped into the main vessel and filtered at same time, as herein-
before described; 2nd, this main vessel A being filled with oil the efflux tops in
connection with it are opened, this fills the tube or tubes running over the frames
and shafting bearings and communicating with the secondary vessels; 3rd, this
tube or tubes being filled while the efflux tap or taps on the main vessel are still
open, the taps connected with the secondary vessels are opened one after another
and these vessels filled to the required amount. When the secondary vessels are
filled all the taps between the main and secondary vessels are closed; 4th, for the
first filling of the distributing vessels out of the secondary vessels it is necessary,
in order to prevent waste of oil while the communications are open, to close each
orifice or outlet of the distributing vessels by a cap or cover, but the air commu-
nications must be kept open until the distributing vessels are filled; after these
vessels are once filled these air communications are carefully closed, the covers are
taken off the various orifices g, and the communications between the secondary
and the distributing vessels being closed if the distributing vessels are set upon
a level they will always remain filled, while the secondary vessel is replenished
from time to time out of the main vessel. As the gearing connected with
worm wheel or the air vessel C in connection with taps regulates the supply
to the spindles, bearings, or journals according to their arrangements, the
attendance on frames or shafting in oiling is reduced to the mere refilling of the
main vessel at long intervals, and to opening the communications between the
various vessels when necessary.
Having described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of performing
the same, I declare that what I claim as my Invention to be protected by the
hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent is,
1st. Apparatus consisting of a combination of oil vessels, their communications
and adjuncts applied and arranged to operate substantially as herein described and
shown in the Drawings, whereby the flow of oil in the apparatus and its exit at the
points of discharge may be maintained, limited, regulated, or suspended, and
whereby the apparatus between the main and distributing vessels may be kept
wholly or partially filled with oil at will notwithstanding that the discharge
orifices remain open to the atmosphere as specified,

page_text: 2nd. The combination with the main and secondary vessels herein described
of filters for preventing the entry of impurities with the oil or with the air,
substantially as specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Currie, have hereunto set my hand
and scal, this Tenth day of March, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty two.
WILLIAM CURRIE.
L.S.