AN IMPROVED NECK-TIE OR SCARF RETAINER
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Davies, of No. 1, Serle Street, Lincoln's Inn,
in the County of Middlesex, and No. 87, St. Vincent Street, in the
City of Glasgow, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, for the Invention
of "AN IMPROVED NECK-TIE OR SCARF RETAINER."-A communication from
Scaled the 7th December 1866, and dated the 10th July 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Davies at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th July 1866.
1, GEORGE DAVIES, of No. 1, Serle Street, Lincoln's Inn, in the County of
Middlesex, and No. 87, St. Vincent Street, in the City of Glasgow, Civil
Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "AN IMPROVED NECK-TIE OR SCARF RETAINER," (a communication to me
from abroad by Jacob Albert Eshleman, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United
States of America,) to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a device for retaining or connecting a neck-tie or
scarf to a collar. The Invention (when applied to a "Byron" or turn-down
collar) consists principally of a metal plate curved to fit the throat; this plate
has two light curved arms which lie between the folds of the collar and bear-

page_text: against the same, a wire loop is attached to the lower edge of the plate by
two spiral springs. A short scarf or tie is passed round the central portion of
the plate and tied in front in the form of a bow, the curved arms are now
passed under the fold of the collar, and the spring loop (which is at the back
of the plate) is passed over the ordinary button or stud which fastens the collar,
and the tie or scarf is thus retained in its place, the curved arms preventing
it from rising, and the spring loop preventing its falling out of place. When
applied to a "choker" or all-round collar the scarf retainer or holder consists
principally of a flat metal tube having an oblong stud at the back, and with
two projections at one end. The oblong stud is placed vertically and is to be
passed into the button hole of the collar at the side of the ordinary stud or
button, thus connecting this part of the holder to the collar. The other
part of the holder consist of a catch formed of a rod or wire bent in the
form of the letter U, and having two recesses, into which the projections
above-named fit, and two eyes by means of which it is sewn to the neck-tie.
The tie being now passed round the throat and tied in front, the catch is
pressed into the end of the flat tube till the projections of the latter fall
into the recesses of the former when the tie is secure. To remove the tie
the U shaped catch must be compressed and then withdrawn, the holder can
then be turned one quarter round, and the oblong stud removed from the
button hole.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Davies in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
9th January 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS. SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
DAVIES, of No. 1, Serle Street, Lincoln's Inn, in the County of Middlesex,
and No. 87, St. Vincent Street, in the City of Glasgow, Civil Engineer and
Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said George Davies, Her special licence that I, the said George Davies, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George
Davies, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the

page_text: term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED NECK-TIE OR SCARF
RETAINER," (a communication to me from abroad by Jacob Albert Eshleman,
of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America), upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said George Davies, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Davies, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement in writing, and on reference to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings,
that is to say :-
This Invention relates to a device for retaining or connecting a neck-tie or
scarf to a collar. The Invention (when applied to a "Byron" or turn-down
collar) consists principally of a metal plate curved to fit the throat; this plate
has too light curved arms which lie between the folds of the collar and bear
against the same, a wire loop is attached to the lower edge of the plate by two
spiral springs. A short scarf or tie is passed round the central portion of the
plate and tied in front in the form of a bow, the curved arms are now passed
under the fold of the collar, and the spring loop (which is at the back of the
plate) is passed over the ordinary button or stud which fastens the collar,
and the tie or scarf is thus retained in its place, the curved arms preventing
it from rising, and the spring loop preventing its falling out of place.
When applied to a "choker" or all-round collar, the scarf retainer or
holder consists principally of a flat metal tube, having an oblong stud at the.
back, and with two projections at one end. The oblong stud is placed
vertically and is to be passed into the button hole of the collar at the side
of the ordinary stud or button, thus connecting this part of the holder
to the collar. The other part of the holder consists of a catch formed of a
rod or wire bent in the form of the letter U, and having two recesses into
which the projections above-named fit, and two eyes by means of which it is
sewn to the neck-tie. The tie being now passed round the throat and tied in
front, the catch is pressed into the end of the flat tube till the projections of
the latter fall into the recesses of the former, when the tie is secure.
remove the tie the U shaped catch must be compressed and then withdrawn,
To

page_text: the holder can then be turned one quarter round, and the oblong stud removed
from the button hole.
Such being the nature and object of the said Invention for "An Improved
Neck-tie or Scarf Retainer," I will now proceed to describe more in detail,
the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into
practical effect; and in order that the same may be distinctly understood, I
have annexed hereunto a Sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof, and have
marked the same with figures and letters of reference corresponding with those
in the following explanation thereof, that is to say:-
On reference to the accompanying Drawing, Figure 1 is a front view of
a" turn-down" or "Byron" collar, with a tie or scarf secured by the improve.l
holder; Figure 2, a rear view of the holder and tie; Figure 3, a front view
of the collar and holder without the tie; Figure 4, a transverse section on
the line 1, 2, Figure 3, drawn to an enlarged scale; Figure 5, a front view
of a modified form of holder; Figure 6, a front view of this holder with a
scarf or tie; Figure 7, a rear view of the holder and scarf; Figure 8, a rear
view of another modification; Figure 9, a rear view of a holder adapted for
use-in-connection with a "choker" or "all-round collar; Figure 10, a
longitudinal section of this holder; Figure 11, a front view of a "choker" or
"all-round" collar showing the band and the tie secured to the same; and
Figure 12, a section on the line 3, 4, Figure 11.
On reference to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, C represents an ordinary
turn-down or "Byrou " collar, the ends of which are secured by a button or
stud d to the collar band of the shirt as usual. A is a cravat or tie holder, and
is composed of a plate of metal cut to the form shown in Figures 2 and 3, the
holder occupying a position between the folds of the collar and being bent to
suit the curve of the latter. From the central portion a of the plates A project
two light curved arms band 6, the upper corners a, a, of which are rounded
and bear against the inside of the collar at the point where the latter is folded
(Figure 4); D is a loop of wire, the opposite ends of which are coiled in the
form of spiral springs and are secured to the lower edge of the holder as best
shewn in Figures 2 and 3, the transverse portion of the wire which connects
the two spiral springs together fitting over the button or stud d, and the springs
which are distended to place the loop over the button tending to keep the
holder up. A short scarf or tie X is passed round the central portion a of the
holder and is tied in the form of a bow, as shown in Figure 1. The holder
with its bow is readily removed by simply raising the loop of wire and detaching
it from the button d. When it is desired to tie or fold a scarf so as to represent
wla: is known as a "sailor's knot," a holder of the form shown in Figure 5

page_text: is used. This holder consists of a plate from which project two arms b, b¹.
and at the under side of each arm is a projection e, the whole being constructed
and arranged as shown in the Drawing. This holder is secured in front of
the collar by an elastic wire loop D in the same manner as the holder first
described. When a scarf has to be attached to this holder it is placed
diagonally across the face of the latter, so that one end shall hang down-
wards, as shown in Figures 6 and 7; the opposite end of the scarf is then
folded over the arm b, then beneath the same, then across the plate A and
over the end, then beneath the arm b', then over the upper edge
of the latter, and then downwards between the holder and the trans-
verse portion of the scarf. Although the projections e, e, are not absolutely
necessary it is advisable to use them as they prevent the transverse portion of
the scarf from slipping down and exposing the portions folded over the upper
edge of the bolder. In the modification shown in Figure 8 the arms b, b',
are reduced in length, and the portion a is perforated so that a bow or tie
may be sewed to the holder, the threads being passed through the perforations.
If desired a loop of elastic cord may be substituted for the elastic wire loop D.
When it is desired to use a holder in connection with a "choker" or "al'-
round collar, the device illustrated in Figures 9, 10, 11, and 12, is employed.
A is a flat metal tube or socket, at one end of which are two small projections
i, i. and from the rear side of which projects a stud a'; B is a staple-like
catch consisting of a rod bent in the form of the letter U, and having in the
outer edge of each arm a recess n and an eye a, Figure 9. The catch B is
secured to one end of a neck-band X', and the socket A¹ to the other, the
The strip X from which the
stud a passing through an opening in the band.
tie is to be formed is passed round and tied in front of the socket A, the stud
a passing through an opening y in the centre of the said strip; the stud a¹
is introduced into the usual button hole of a choker collar C, at one side of
the button which confines the collar to the shirt, and the catch B is introduced
into the socket A' until the projections i, i, catch in the recesses n, n. When
the tie bas to be detached from the neck the wearer compresses the catch so
as to remove the arms from contact with the projections i, i, when the catch
may be withdrawn from the socket. The socket is then detached from the
collar by turning it so that the stud a' can be withdrawn from the button hole.
If desired a flat plate may be used in place of the tube or socket A¹ for holding
the tie, the plate being secured to the neck-band, the ends of which are
fastened together at the back of the collar. Other devices may also be
used in place of the stud a' for holding the socket or plate in its position.

page_text: Having now described the nature and object of the said Invention for "An
Improved Neck-tie or Scarf Retainer" together with the manner in which the
same is to be or may be performed or carried into practical effect, I would
remark in conclusion that I claim as the Invention (communicated to me by
the above-named Jacob Albert Eshleman).
Firstly, a plate secured in front of a collar so as to be detachable therefrom
and adapted for the reception and retention of a detachable tie or scarf sub-
stantially as described.
Secondly, the plate A with its arms b, b₁, and elastic loop D, the whole
being constructed and arranged for the reception of a tie or scarf, substantially
as specified.
Thirdly, the elastic wire loop D consisting of two spiral springs connected
by a plain cross wire as set forth.
Fourthly, the tube or socket A¹ with its projections i, i, and the spring
catch B with its recesses n, n, constructed and adapted for attachment to each
other and to a neck-band, substantially as specified.
Fifthly, the combination of the socket or plate A¹, and the stud a' for the
purpose-specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Davies, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Ninth day of January, in the year of our Lord One
GEORGE DAVIES. (L.S.)