IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS POR TARAWING
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Longden Hattersley, of the Firm of George
Hattersley and Sons, of Keighley, in the County of York, Machine
Makers. for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS POR
TARAWING
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Longden
Hattersley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 13th April 1867.
I, RICHARD LONGDEN HATTERSLEY, of the Firm of George Hattersley and
Sons, of Keighley, in the County of York, Machine Makers, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING,"
to be as follows:-
Firstly, this Invention relates to means or apparatus for picking or operating
the shuttles in regular or irregular succession from either side of looms in
which change shuttle boxes are employed at both ends of the lay or slay board.
This I effect by having the picking tappets capable of sliding on the picking
or low shaft and connected by a rod, to which is attached a lever operated by
a scroll wheel or cam fixed on a shaft, on which is also a peg wheel operated
by a hooker or catch, which hooker or catch may be attached to a lever used
for operating revolving boxes or other lever; and when required to change
the pick from one side of the loom to the other this catch is put into position
for operating upon the peg wheel by means of jacquard or other indicating
apparatus employed for changing shuttle boxes, so that when one of the

page_text: picking tappets is in position for striking the cone the other is out of position
for striking the other cone, and they can be changed as desired. The plates
of these picking tappets are formed without the usual recess for the nose, so
that they can be turned up true for the picking cones to run upon when the
nose is out of the line of contact. The nose is made to fit any part of the
circle of the said plates and secured by bolts, a fine-toothed surface being
made on the side of the plate to fit a similar surface on the nose; each plate
is bolted to a boss forming one half of the prong, coupling, or catch box which
is loose on the shaft; the other half of the coupling or catch box being secured
to the shaft the tappets are thereby capable of being placed in or out of
position as required; I also employ the means above described to operate in
the same order as the shuttles are picked upon the levers which actuate the
catch levers for acting on the weft forks.
Secondly, this Invention relates to means or apparatus for detecting
when the weft is broken or used off the bobbin, particularly in such looms as
above described, but partly in other looms, and consists in placing the
ordinary weft forks in such position that the lay or slay board when working
will pass clear under them without the usual grooves being formed therein
for its passage under the forks, whereby all the threads of weft from all the
shuttles in use on one or both sides of the loom pass under the weft forks,
except the one from the shuttle last picked across; and in order to test if that
be present I employ forks at the back of the slay board which lie in small
grooves cut therein, until the shuttle has passed over them, and then by the
action of the loom or by cams and levers are raised above the slay board or
shuttle race lifting the said shoot of weft, if present, sufficiently high to put it
into position to act on the ordinary weft fork in the front of the slay board,
and thus prevent the loom being stopped; but if that last shuttle has left no
shoot of weft then the loom is stopped as usual. When I do not actuate the
catch levers which act on the weft fork in the same order as the shuttles are
picked, I actuate them on both sides of the loom at the same time after every
pick by means of an eccentric or eccentrics on the crank shaft, and as the shuttle
last picked across does not place weft to act on the forks on both sides of the
loom at the same time, I employ small sliding bars fitted in the weft grates o
other suitable position on both sides of the loom, which are actuated by the
shuttle in its passage from one shuttle box to the other, so that from which
ever side of the loom the shuttle is picked, no weft thread being left there
the small bar on that side is slid across the grate and acts on the ordinary
weft fork the same as if weft was present, thus preventing the loom from being
stopped, and the sliding bar on the opposite side, or that to which the shuttl

page_text: is sent, is placed clear of the weft grate, and thus allows the weft fork to bo
acted upon by the weft, if present, as first described; also in some cases I
have both the weft forks carried on arms hinged upon a rocking shaft
extending across the loom, to which is fixed a lever or finger for knocking off
the strap guide, and about the middle of this shaft is fixed a stud on which is
hinged a swing bar, each end connecting with one of the weft forks, and so
arranged that if weft be present at one end, but not at the other end, and in
consequence one of the said forks will be caught by the weft hammer, yet the
bar will swing and no effect will be produced on the knocking-off lever; but if
there be no weft present at either end both the forks will be caught by the
hammers, which will act upon the stud as a lever, turning the rocking shaft,
and thereby knocking off the strap guide.
Thirdly, this Invention relates to plain looms and ordinary change shuttle-
box looms, and consists in applying thereto the back forks, previously described,
for raising the weft into position to act on the ordinary weft fork, thereby
avoiding the necessity of having the usual large grooves cut across the slay
board to enable it to pass under the weft forks, the weft being raised to act
on the fork, instead of the forks being sunk below the surface of the slay
board, in order to be in position to be acted on by the weft in the usual
way.
Fourthly, this Invention relates to means or apparatus for operating
revolving or change shuttle boxes, and for which purpose I employ an eccentric
fixed on the crank shaft with a connecting rod or arm attached thereto and to
the lever, which is usually worked by a tappet fixed on the low shaft for
operating the said revolving or change boxes; and when shuttle boxes for two
shuttles only on each side of the loom are employed, and those two shuttles
require to change alternately every pick, I employ wheels to drive the low
shaft at one-fourth the speed of the crank shaft, and I have two noses placed
at quarter centres on each picking tappet, so that the picking motion
operates upon the shuttles twice in succession at one side of the loom, then
twice on the other side continuously without the necessity of any other con
trolling apparatus, and the shuttle boxes are changed every pick by means of
a lever having its fulcrum at the back part of the loom, which is operated by
a double cam or eccentric fixed on the low shaft. When three shuttles are
required to be used with a single pick from each in succession, I use a single
eccentric or cam on the low shaft, and an additional lever operated by the
same eccentric, which operates the other lever; but its position in relation to
the point of contact with the said eccentric or cam is at quarter centres, so
that one of the two shuttle boxes is changed at one pick of the loom and the

page_text: other at the next pick alternately in succession; and when more than three
shuttles are required to be worked from one end in succession I form or
construct the said cam, suitably for the purpose, and arrange the levers to be
operated thereby in accordance.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Longden Hattersley in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 12th October 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
LONGDEN HATTERSLEY, of the Firm of George Hattersley and Sons, of Keighley,
in the County of York, Machine Makers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight bundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Richard Longden Hattersley, Her special licence that I, the said Richard
Longden Hattersley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Richard Longden Hattersley, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Richard Longden Hattersley, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Longden Hattersley, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement and accompanying Sheet of Drawings, that is to
say:-
This Invention relates, firstly, to means or apparatus for picking or operating
the shuttles in regular or irregular succession from either side of looms in
which change shuttle boxes are employed at both ends of the lay or slay
board; this I effect by having the picking tappets capable of sliding on the

page_text: picking or low shaft, and connected by a rod, to which is attached a lever
operated by a scroll wheel or cam fixed on a shaft on which is also a peg
wheel operated by a hooker or catch, which hooker or catch may be attached
to a lever used for operating revolving boxes or other lever; and when required
to change the pick from one side of the loom to the other this catch is put
into position for operating upon the peg wheel by means of jacquard or other
indicating apparatus employed for changing shuttle boxes, so that when one
of the picking tappets is in position for striking the cone the other is out of
position for striking the other cone, and they can be changed as desired. The
plates of these picking tappets are formed without the usual recess for the
nose, so that they can be turned up true for the picking cones to run upon
when the nose is out of the line of contact. The nose is made to fit any part
of the circle of the said plates and secured by bolts, a fine-toothed surface
being made on the side of the plate to fit a similar surface on the nose; each
plate is bolted to a boss forming one half of a prong coupling or catch box
which is loose on the shaft, the other half of the coupling or catch box being
secured to the shaft the tappets are thereby capable of being placed in or out
of position as required. I also employ the means above described to operate
in the same order as the shuttles are picked upon the levers which actuate
the catch levers for acting on the weft forks.
Secondly, this Invention relates to means or apparatus for detecting when
the weft is broken or used off the bobbin, particularly in such looms as above
described, but partly in other looms, and consists in placing the ordinary weft
forks in such position that the lay or slay board when working will pass c'ear
under them without the usual grooves being formed therein for its passage
under the forks, whereby all the threads of weft from all the shuttles in
one or both sides of the loom pass under the weft forks except the one from
the shuttle last picked across; and in order to test if that be present I employ
forks at the back of the slay board which lie in small grooves cut therein until
the shuttle has passed over them, and then by the action of the loom, or by
cams and levers, are raised above the slay board or shuttle race, lifting the
said shoot of weft, if present, sufficiently high to put it into position to act on
the ordinary weft fork in the front of the slay board, and thus prevent the loom
being stopped, but if that last shuttle has left no shoot of weft then the loom
is stopped as usual. When I do not actuate the catch levers, which act on the
weft fork in the same order as the shuttles are picked, we actuate them on both
sides of the loom at the same tine after every pick by means of an eccentric
or eccentrics on the crank shaft, and as the shuttle last picked across does not
place weft to act on the weft forks placed on both sides of the loom at the

page_text: same time, I employ small sliding bars fitted in the weft grates or other suit-
able position on both sides of the loom, which are actuated by the shuttle in
its passage from one shuttle box to the other, so that from whichever side of
the loom the shuttle is picked of weft thread being left there the small bar
on that side is slid or pushed across the grate and acts on the ordinary weft
fork the same as if weft was present, thus preventing the loom from being
stopped, and the sliding bar on the opposite side, or that to which the shuttle
is sent, is placed clear of the weft grate, and thus allows the weft fork to be
acted upon by the weft, if present, as first described; also in some I have both
the weft forks carried on arms hinged upon a rocking shaft extending across
the loom, to which is fixed a lever or finger for knocking off the strap guide,
and about the middle of this shaft is fixed a stud on which is hinged a swing
bar, each end connecting with one of the weft forks, and so arranged that if
weft be present at one end, but not at the other (and in consequence) one of
the said forks will be caught by the weft hammer, yet the bar will swing and
no effect will be produced on the knocking-off lever; but if there be no weft
present at either end both forks will be caught by the hammer, which will
act upon the stud as a lever, turning the rocking shafts, and thereby knocking
off the strap guide.
Thirdly, this Invention relates to plain looms and ordinary change shuttle-
box looms, and consists in applying thereto the back forks previously described
for raising the weft into position to act on the ordinary weft fork, thereby
avoiding the necessity of having the usual large grooves cut across the slay
boards to enable it to pass under the weft fork, the weft being raised to act on
the fork instead of the fork being sunk below the surface of the slay board, in
order to be in position to be acted on by the weft in the usual way.
Fourthly, the Invention relates to means or apparatus for operating revolving
or change shuttle boxes, and for which purpose I employ an eccentric fixed
on the crank shaft with a connecting rod or arm attached thereto and to the
lever, which is usually worked by a tappet fixed on the low shaft for operating
the said revolving or change boxes; and when shuttle boxes for two shuttles
only on each side of the loom are employed, and those two shuttles require to
change alternately every pick, we employ wheels to drive the low shaft at one
fourth the speed of the crank shaft and we have two noses placed at quarter
centres on each picking tappet, so that the picking motion operates upon the
shuttles twice in succession at one side of the loom, then twice at the other
side continuously, without the necessity of any other controlling apparatus, and
the shuttle boxes are changed every pick by means of a lever having its fulcrum
at the back part of the loom which is operated by a double cam or eccentric

page_text: fixed on the low shaft.
When three shuttles are desired to be used with a
single pick from each in succession we use a single eccentric or cam on the
bow shaft and an additional lever operated by the same eccentric which operates
the other lever, but its position in relation to the point of contact with the said
eccentric or cam is at quarter centres, so that one of the two shuttle boxes is
changed at one pick of the loom, and the other at the next pick, alternately in
succession. And when more than three shuttles are required to be worked
from one end in succession we form or construct the said cam suitably for the
purpose and arrage the levers to be operated thereby in accordance.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
These improvements are shewn at Figs. 1, 2, 3, & 4, where A and A' are
the picking tappets which are connected by a rod A2, and capable of sliding on
the shaft A by the action of a scroll wheel or cam grooved wheel B, and an
intermediate lever fixed on a shaft B¹, on which is also a pin wheel B² operated
by a booker or catch B³ attached to the lever B when placed into position by
the action of the jacquard or other indicating apparatus; thus so long as the
catch B³ does not operate upon the pin wheel B2 the loom continues to pick
from one side only, and the picking cone of the opposite side continues to run
upon the circular part only of the picking tappet as shewn at A' without
moving the picker, and when it it required to pick from the opposite side the
catch B³ is put into operation and reverses the position of the picking tappets
in the manner above described. The picking tappet is shewn separately at
Fig. 4. A is one part of a box coupling keyed on the shaft A³, Fig. 1, the
corresponding half A³ is loose on the same shaft, A³ is a circular plate fixed
to As with the picking noses A° and A' bolted to it; the whole of the tappet
except the part A can thus be slid so as to put the noses A and A' into and
out of contact with the picking cone by the means above described. The
lever B is shewn in a former Patent granted to R. L. Hattersley, dated
May 24th, 1858, to be worked by a tappet on the low shaft for operating
revolving boxes, but I now propose to work it by an eccentric on the crank
shaft B, and to connect them by a rod B' to use it for both operating revolving
shuttle boxes and changing the picking in the manner above described, or for
either purpose separately.
The second part of the Invention is shewn at Figs. 3, 5, 6, and 7, at Figs. 3
and 5 is shewn an ordinary weft fork C, except that it is made so as not to
extend to the shuttle surface of the slay board when beating up, and therefore
requiring no grooves to be cut therein, and any weft threads laying on the
said slay board will pass under it; one of these forks C' is applied on each

page_text: side of the loom ; D is an additional fork applied on each side of the loom
hinged at the back of the slay board, and are operated by rods E attached to
the frame or rail F so as to sink the forks into small grooves in the slay board
when it is at its back stroke, and when the shuttle is passing over them ; but
as the slay board is moved towards its front stroke these back forks are raised
into such position and are of such length only as to take with them the last
shoot of weft, if present, into position to act on the ordinary weft fork C'.
We also apply these back forks as at Fig. 5, where H is a cam groove or
incline; I is a lever, one end of which works in the cam groove or incline, and
to the other end is attached a fork 1', a small rod is secured in the centre of
the lever I and carried across the loom to operate a similar fork at the opposite
end of the reed, and with the motion of the slay board these forks are raised
for the purpose above stated by means of the incline or cam groove acting on
the lever I, these back forks do not project on the slay board more than the
breadth of the shuttle. When I do not actuate the usual catch levers which
act on the weft fork (they being applied on both sides of the loom) in the
same order as the shuttles are picked we actuate or move them on both sides
of the loom at the same every pick by means of an eccentric on the crank
shaft. The slidable bars are shewn at Figs. 6 and 7, where M is a weft grate,
and M is a small socket with bristles or other suitable material inserted, and
is attached to the slidable wires or bars M²; the shuttle in its passage across
acting on the bristles removes the wire M² into or out of position to act on the
weft fork. Fig. 3 shews a method of connecting both the weft forks so as
to work together, where C is a rocking rod extending across the loom or as far
as is necessary to couple the two forks C, which is done by two levers C² fixed
thereon opposite each fork, these levers being connected to each fork by wire
rods C³, so that whenever weft is presente.] to either weft fork it is caused to
act on the other fork and the loom is not stopped, and when no weft is pre-
sented to either fork the loom is stopped. And the same effect may be produced
by having the forks coupled and arranged as shewn at Fig. 5, where the forks
C¹ are connected by arms C2 to a swing bar C³ hinged upon a stud C* which
forms a lever fixed on the rocking shaft C.
The fourth part of this Invention relating to two shuttle boxes on each
side of loom is shewn at Figs. 8 and 9. P is a double cam (Fig. 8) fixed on
the low shaft; R is a lever hinged to the back part of the loom, the fulcrum
of which is held by springs R' with a bowl working in the cam P; this lever
is connected by an adjustable rod R attached to a lever R³ fixed on a shaft
carrying a noggin plate R* at each end of the slay board, which operated a
segment star wheel R fixed on the axis of the change shuttle boxes, thus

page_text: changing both boxes together every pick. When we require to use three
shuttles, and put in a single pick from each alternately, we use a single cam V
(Fig. 9) fixed on the low shaft, the groove of which besides operating the
lever R, as in the former Figure, also operated a bell-crank lever V¹ which is
connected by a rod V2 attached to a lever V³ fixed on the noggin plate shaft,
which in this case is in two parts, each having one of the levers either R³ or V³
attached thereto, so that each shuttle box is operated independently of the other
every alternate pick, the low or picking shaft in both cases only running one-
fourth the speed of the crank shaft.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, I would have it understood that I do not
confine myself to the precise details as herein set forth, but I claim,-
Firstly, operating revolving or combined shuttle boxes by means of an
eccentric on the crank shaft with or without connecting rod.
Secondly, changing the order of picking by means of an eccentric on
the crank shaft, and also by the same lever which operates upon the revolving
boxes.
Thirdly, the construction and arrangement of picking tappet as described.
Fourthly, the sliding bars in the weft grate.
Fifthly, the coupling together of the ordinary weft forks for the purposes set
forth.
Sixthly, the application and use of the back forks for raising the weft into
contact with the weft forks.
Seventhly, the general arrangement for operating two shuttle pick and pick
boxes, and for three shuttles, as described and shewn in Figs. 8 and 9.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Longden Hattersley, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of October, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-seven.
RICHARD L. HATTERSLEY. (L.S.)