matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR FOLDING, EDGING, AND WIRELNG SHEETS OF METAL
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Rhodes and William Rhodes, of the Firm of Joseph
Rhodes & Sons, of Wakefield, in the County of York, Tool and Machine
Makers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR MACHINES
FOR FOLDING, EDGING, AND WIRELNG SHEETS OF METAL."
Sealed the 25th July 1879, and dated the 6th February 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Rhodes and William
Rhodes at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th February
1879.
GEORGE RHODES and WILLIAM RHODES, of the Firm of Joseph Rhodes & Sons, of
Wakefield, in the County of York, Tool and Machine Makers. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR FOLDING, EDGING, AND WIREING SHEETS OF
METAL."
This Invention relates to improvements in the present metal plate folding, edging,
and wireing machines, and the improvements consist in enabling the folding and
wireing of the projecting ends of metal plates if the plates are wider than the
machines, also the folding and wireing of any part or parts of metal plates which
heretofore could not be done in ordinary machines; the metal plates to be operated
on could not exceed the width of the machine.
For this purpose we employ an ordinarily constructed folding metal plate
machine, having a foundation plate on which is placed the metal plate, principally
tin plates for making tin boxes, cylinders, or any required tin cases and for other
purposes; the metal plates are kept in position by pressing plates actuated by
eccentrics. In many cases the wires have to exceed or project from the folded part
of the plates, and the plates may exceed the width of the machine; to allow for
this excess in the plates or projecting wires we cut or cast in the front of the end
plates of the machines openings, and bolt or screw on the outside of the end plates
brackets, in which are cast circular openings, and in which are fitted and work
disks; the disks are cast on the ends of the folding plate; the circular openings and
disks are made with front cut away or cast openings to pass the metal plates in,
Price 2dl

page_text: and the disks are made with openings to receive the plate; if the metal plates are
-of-the-width of the machine, they are passed on the top of the receiving plate and
the projecting wires through the openings of the brackets and disks; or if the
plates exceed the width of the machine the portions in excess are passed through
the openings, and rest on the top plates in the openings in the disks; the pressing
or holding down plate is then lowered by actuating the eccentrics by means of a
-handle-fitted-to-one of the eccentrics; a handle fitted in the centre of the holding
-plate-is then lifted up, which turns up the plate, folding the required part of the
metal plate over the wire, the projecting wires remaining straight, or the part
exceeding the width of the machine is folded over the wire. We can also fold and
wire metal plates in any portion of the plate by passing the plate through the
openings of the brackets and disks, and only fold and wire the required part or
parts.
A NEW OR IMPROVED MODE OF MAKING FUR CAPES, PALETOTS, OR COLLARS
Year: 1879

page_text: •
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Thomas, Hughes at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th June 1879. A com-
munication from abroad by Mr. M. Brass, of Berlin, in the Empire of
Germany.
EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent Agents, 123,
Chancery Lane, London. "A NEW OR IMPROVED MODE OF MAKING FUR CAPES,
PALETOTS, OR COLLARS." [A communication from abroad by Mr. M. Brass, of
Berlin, in the Empire of Germany.]
This Invention relates to a new or improved mode of making fur capes, paletôts,
or collars from the tails of foxes or other animals, and consists in splitting and
spreading open the tail longitudinally, which, after being cleaned, softened, and
dyed, is cut into strips of any desired length and width. These strips are then
sewn or otherwise fastened side by side on to a backing or lining of linen or cloth
in the form of the cape, paletôt, or collar required. By this method of manufacture
such article is produced presenting as soft and uniform an appearance as if made
from the entire skin in the usual manner, and at a trifling cost compared with the
latter owing to the inferior value of the tail.

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Thomas Hughes at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th June 1879. A com-
mnnication from abroad by Mr. M. Brass, of Berlin, in the Empire of
Germany.
EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent Agents, 123,
Chancery Lane, London. "A NEW OR IMPROVED MODE OF MAKING FUR CAPES,
PALETOTS, OR COLLARS." [A communication from abroad by Mr. M. Brass, of
Berlin, in the Empire of Germany.]
This Invention relates to a new or improved mode of making fur capes, paletôts,
or collars from the tails of foxes or other animals, and consists in splitting and
spreading open the tail longitudinally, which, after being cleaned, softened, and
dyed, is cut into strips of any desired length and width. These strips are then
sewn or otherwise fastened side by side on to a backing or lining of linen or cloth
in the form of the cape, paletôt, or collar required. By this method of manufacture
such article is produced presenting as soft and uniform an appearance as if made
from the entire skin in the usual manner, and at a trifling cost compared with the
latter owing to the inferior value of the tail.
IMPROVEMENTS IN .MACHINERY FOR PROPELLING VESSELS.
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Wilkinson Snowden, of 5, Waverley Terrace,
Kenilworth, Rathgar, Dublin, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
.MACHINERY FOR PROPELLING VESSELS.'
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Wilkinson Snowden
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st July 1879.
SAMUEL, WILKINSON SNOWDEN, of 5, Waverley Terrace, Kenilworth, Rathgar,
Dublin. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PROPELLING VESSELS.”
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for propelling
vessels. In propelling vessels by means of screw propellers much friction and
strain often results from the bearings of the screw shaft not being or remaining
truly in line, which materially effects the safety of the crank shaft as well as the
screw shafting. I obviate this by inserting into the length of shafting between the
bearings one or more cup and ball joints, and I cause the driving power to be trans-
mitted through these joints by providing studs or projections upon the ball entering
and interlocking with grooves formed within the cup; or the arrangement may be
reversed, the studs being fixed within the cup and the grooves being formed on the
face of the ball. In either case the play of the projections or studs in the grooves
compensates for deviation from true alignment there may be in respect to the
bearings. The object being to remove the rigidity (which is dangerous by the
springing and working of the hull of the vessel) and allow necessary freedom in the
screw shafting. The projections or studs it will be observed are not exposed to the
thrust of the screw, which is sustained by the ball and the cup.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Samuel Wilkinson Snowden in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
1st January 1880.
SAMUEL WILKINSON SNOWDEN, of 5, Waverley Terrace, Kenilworth, Rathgar,
Dublin. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PROPELLING VESSELS,”
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for propelling
vessels. In propelling vessels by means of screw propellers much friction and
Prios 4d1
IMPROVEMENTS IN BICYCLES AND OTHER VELOCIPEDES, AND IN STANDS FOR THE SAME
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Cunliffe and Charles Spencer
Madan at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th February
1879.
RICHARD CUNLIFFE, of the Firm of Cunliffe & Croom, of Broughton Iron Works,
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, and CHARLES SPENCER MADAN, of
Manchester aforesaid. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BICYCLES AND OTHER VELOCIPEDES,
AND IN STANDS FOR THE SAME."
The first part of this Invention relates to the arrangement and construction of a
brake to be applied to the driving wheel of bicycles and other velocipedes, which
will not only effectually answer the purpose of a brake, but also serve to prevent
the hinder wheel (or wheels) rising off the ground and turning partially round the
axis of the driving wheel, so as to throw the rider in case of such driving wheel
coming in contact with a stone or other obstruction, and consists of a double armed
lever mounted at the front of the fork socket, and the longer arm of which extends
downwards to the driving wheel, which it is capable of gripping self-actingly in case
such wheel turns the wrong way, or the hinder wheel (or wheels) attempts to
partially turn round the front axis so as to throw the rider, as herein before
described; and the shorter arm of which lever is arranged to be acted upon by a
lever conveniently disposed in front of the handle bar, so as to push the longer arm
into frictional contact with and to act as a brake upon the driving wheel at the
pleasure of the rider.
Our Invention further relates to an improved arrangement of brake for the hinder
or other wheel of a bicycle or other velocipede, and consists of a friction wheel
mounted at one extremity of a spindle, which by means of suitable guides and a
spiral spring causes the friction wheel to keep clear of the wheel of the velocipede,
but which by the application of a cord passing over pulleys and affixed to the
upper extremity of such spindle can be caused to advance at the pleasure of the
rider into frictional contact with such velocipede wheel, and thus act as a brake
thereupon.
The improvements in stands for bicycles consist of a single hollow pedestal rising
from a suitable base-plate, and carrying at its upper extremity a fork which can be

page_text: adjusted in height in the hollow pedestal to suit the diameter of the driving wheel
of the bicycle. The pedestal of this stand is designed to pass up between the spokes
of the driving wheel, in order that the nave of such wheel by resting upon the top
of the fork carried by such pedestal may so support and constitute a stand for the
bicycle.
IMPROVED MEANS TO FACILITATE PICKING UP CHANGE AND TICKETS AT BOOKING OFFICE WINDOWS AND OTHER PUBLIC PAY PLACES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Matthew Cranswick Greenhill at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th February 1879.
MATTHEW CRANSWICK GREENHILL, of Southport, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVED MEANS TO FACILITATE PICKING UP CHANGE AND TICKETS AT BOOKING
OFFICE WINDOWS AND OTHER PUBLIC PAY PLACES."
The object of my Invention is to enable change and tickets to be more readily
gathered up at the pigeon-hole windows of railway and other booking offices, money
takers' offices, at theatres and other public buildings, cashiers' desks in large
establishments, and other public pay places.
In order to avoid the difficulty and delay generally experienced, especially by
persons wearing gloves, in quickly picking up coins and tickets at the above
mentioned places I provide upon the counter or table of the pigeon-hole window
or other aperture or place at which tickets are issued or change is given a lip or
flange rising about a couple of inches (more or less) above the general level of
the said counter or table and sloping upwards in a direction towards the front
of the window where the purchaser or payee stands in order that the latter by
drawing or sweeping with the ends of the fingers the coins or tickets up the inclined
lip may readily seize them between the fingers and thumb on their arrival at the
edge of the said lip. On the side of the clerk, money taker, or cashier there may
be a depression or hollow forming a receptacle for the change and tickets to be
gathered up by the purchaser or payee. I prefer that the said lip and likewise
the depression or hollow should extend across the counter or table from side to
side of the window, or nearly so, the depression or hollow forming a sort of long
bowl, which may either be below the general level of the counter on the clerk's
or cashier's side or the surface of the counter may be raised on that side and may
either be horizontal or may be inclined upwards to the hollow or bowl.
I propose to make this form of counter top in metal or wood and fix it on the
ordinary counter top now in use. Instead of the lip and hollow extending across
the counter it may be a mere bowl fixed in or on the table or counter and occu-
pying a comparatively small portion of its width. This may either be sunk below
the general level of the counter or may be raised above it and may be on a
sufficiently heavy pedestal to render it unnecessary to fix it to the counter.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TREADLES AND BRAKES FOR BICYCLES, TRICYCLES, AND OTHER VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Warner Jones at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th February 1879.
FREDERICK WARNER JONES, of the City and the County of the City of Exeter.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TREADLES AND BRAKES FOR BICYCLES, TRICYCLES, AND
OTHER VELOCIPEDES."
•
According to my Invention I apply the driving and brake power directly to the
axle of the vehicle, and at the same time the treadle forms a foot rest. A convenient
way of carrying my Invention into effect is as follows:-I key a cam wheel to the
axle having a groove on its circumference with notch or notches therein and flanges.
This wheel is encircled by a ring which is free to revolve round the cam wheel
except when a spring or other appliance on the ring takes into a notch in the
circumference of the cam wheel. The treadle is used in the ordinary way, and in
going down hill this treadle forms a foot rest because it is fixed to the outside ring
which allows the axle to revolve while the treadle is stationary. To obtain brake
power, press the feet on the treadles, which causes one, say the upper, part of the
ring to grip the corresponding surface of the cam wheel, and according to the
amount of pressure exerted on the treadles so the amount of brake power is
regulated. India rubber, soft metal, or their equivalents may be inserted in the
ring to net as friction surfaces or rubbers if desired or considered necessary. The
cam wheel may be provided with aperture to receive the treadle in case, for example,
an accident should occur to the rings. Provision is made for adjusting the radius
of the treadle.
AN IMPROVED ENVELOPE FOR BOTTLES, JARS, FLAGONS, OR OTHER SIMILAR VESSELS OF BRITTLE MATERIAL."
Year: 1879

page_text: A com-
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Pearce Wilding at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th September 1879.
munication from abroad by Adrian Laplante and Dunstan Chaignaud, both
of Bordeaux, in the Republic of France.
く
SAMUEL PEARCE WILDING, of the City Patent Office, 23, Rood Lane, Fenchurch
Street, in the City of London, Patent Agent. AN IMPROVED ENVELOPE FOR
BOTTLES, JARS, FLAGONS, OR OTHER SIMILAR VESSELS OF BRITTLE MATERIAL."
A
communication from abroad by Adrian Laplante and Dunstan Chaigniaud, both of
Bordeaux, in the Republic of France.
This Invention has for its object an improved envelope for bottles, jars, flagons,
or other similar vessels of brittle material, whereby they are protected from
fracture; which envelope is of a more serviceable and durable nature than any at
present in use.
My improvement consists in the employment of straw, hay, rushes, or any other
similar and suitable material, conjointly with sheets of paper or pieces of linen, or
other suitable textile fabric.
The mode in which I carry out my improvement is in the formation of my
envelope, the substance of which is composed of straw, hay, rushes, or any other
similar and suitable material, such substance being enclosed between sheets of
These sheets of paper,
paper, pieces of linen, or other suitable textile material.
pieces of linen, or other suitable textile material, form the outer and interior
surfaces of my improved envelope, enclosing between them the straw, hay, rushes,
or other similar and suitable material.
The formation of my improved envelope is effected as follows:-
1st. I take the sheets or pieces of paper, linen, or other suitable textile material
and prepare them with a coating, upon one face, of size or other adhesive matter.
Between these prepared faces I lay the straw, hay, rushes, or other suitable and
similar material. I then subject the whole to sufficient compression to obtain
proper coherence when the size or adhesive matter employed shall have set. The
sheets may be cut into proper shape, and subjected to the necessary pressure upon
suitable moulds, so that they may set in the form required for use; or they may
be allowed to set as sheets, if found more convenient, and formed into envelopes
as required.

page_text: 2nd. Instead of employing size or other adhesive matter, I simply place the hay,
straw, rushes, or other suitable and similar material between the sheets or piece of
paper, linen, or other suitable textile material, and give the whole coherence by
stitching the two faces together through the substance. This may be done in the
required form of the envelope or in sheets to be used and formed as needed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING.", tappets, and levers, or mechanism for operating the same
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Brierley at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 17th February 1879.
THOMAS BRIERLEY, of Marsden, in the County of York, Foreman Mechanic.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
This Invention consists of an improved combination of "fly cages," tappets, and
levers, or mechanism for operating the same.
"
According to this my said Invention I employ two or more fly cages, each pro-
vided with tappets. The fly cages are mounted, so as by hand lever (or from a
going part" of the loom) and shaft or rod to be moved laterally, that is to say,
the portion of one cage and set of tappets in relation to the L or other levers may
be changed so as to bring another cage and another set of tappets "into position'
for operating the levers according to the change of shuttle required.
"
IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER METERS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Edward Newton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th July 1879. A communication
from abroad by Charles Henry Bacon, of Boston, in the State of Massachusetts,
United States of America.
HENRY EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER METERS." [A
communication from abroad by Charles Henry Bacon, of Boston, in the State of
Massachusetts, United States of America.]
The object of this Invention is to provide a water meter which is accurate,
durable, and which will not get out of order, and the Invention consists in a reser-
voir containing mercury provided with a suitable inlet and outlet, and so combined
with a measuring device that the influx of the water into the latter will move the
register, the mercury acting as a piston.
The principle of the Invention is the use of a fluid of a different specific gravity
from water, not soluble in water, and which will not mix with the water as a
piston or one wall of a measuring chamber, so that the water which flows into this
chamber must necessarily displace the fluid piston either by moving the chamber,
or the piston, or both.
The measuring device consists of a series of chambers arranged in convolute
curves round a stud or axis attached to the casing. The water flows through an
inlet suitably placed into one of these chambers from which it displaces the
mercury by causing the device to rotate on its axis. The water continues to flow
into this chamber until that part of it nearest the inlet is above the level of the
mercury, but cannot escape therefrom until its other end gets above the level of the
mercury.
For the purpose of making a more steady flow, the measuring device may be
duplicated, the two sets of chambers being separated by a partition, and each
chamber of one set has its inlet and outlet midway between the inlets and outlets
of the two adjoining chambers of the other set.
Any suitable registering device may be used, but it is preferred to arrange it
inside the reservoir so that it cannot be tampered with, the reservoir or casing
being made in whole or in part of glass so that the dial will be visible.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAIR-SLEEPERS FOR RAILWAYS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Wybrants George Olpherts, of No. 23, Suffolk Street,
Pall Mall, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN CHAIR-SLEEPERS FOR RAILWAYS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Wybrants George Olpherts
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th February 1879.
WYBRANTS GEORGE OLPHERTS, of No. 23, Suffolk Street, Pall Mall, in the County
of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAIR SLEEPERS FOR RAILWAYS."
My Invention relates to a construction of combined sleeper and chair for railways
so arranged as to provide simple and efficient means of securing the rails on an
elastic bed and distributing the load over a broad base. For this purpose I prepare
a cast iron plate which may be of rectangular or oval form, ribbed underneath to
anchor it in the ballast, and having two ribs on its upper face in the direction of
the length of the plate which is transverse to the line of rail. On this plate and in
one piece with it I cast one jaw of a chair, the ribs above mentioned running into
and supporting it, and between these ribs I fit the other jaw to slide freely up
towards the fixed jaw. In the rectangular space between the two ribs which form
its sides and the fixed and moveable jaws which form its ends I place a block of
wood or material having a certain degree of elasticity forming a cushion or bed on
which I place the rail. Having placed the rail on its bed I set up the moveable jaw
against it like the jaw of a vice and secure it in its place by means of a bolt and
nut or of a gib and cotter driven through slots either in the ribs of the sleeper or
through a bolt or bar passing through both jaws and the cushion, which bolt or
bar may be extended across the railway to form a tie to the opposite sleeper.

page_text: Second. In combination with a chair sleeper of the kind referred to in the pre-
ceding claim, a cushion of wood or other somewhat elastic material placed between
the ribs and jaws to form a bed for the rail, substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Wybrants George Olpherts, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
W. G. OLPHERTS. (L.S.).
IMPROVEMENTS IN COG WHEELS AS MEANS FOR TRANSFERRING ROTARY MOTION AT ANY ANGLE
Year: 1879

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Adolphus Vogt at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 14th August 1879.
ADOLPHUS VOGT, of .186, Kennington Road, in the County of Surrey, Engineer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COG WHEELS AS MEANS FOR TRANSFERRING ROTARY MOTION
AT ANY ANGLE."
I claim as a new Invention an apparatus for transferring rotary power in any
position, and at any angle by means of a male and a female spheroidal cogwheel,
the cogs of which are of such a construction that when they are fastened in a
suitable manner on to the ends of the shafts, rotary power from one shaft on to the
other rotary shaft can be transmitted at any angle.
My Invention is especially applicable to the steering gear of a screw steamer for
increasing the steering power of its rudder, and this I do by furnishing the rudder
blade with a second screw, the shaft of which I pass through the rudder blade in
such a manner that when the end of my spheroidal cog wheels and the end of the
ship's screw shaft bearing the other spheroidal cog wheel, both wheels cog when
brought in contact with each other, thus transferring the rotary motion of the
ship's screw shaft on to the said rudder screw shaft, which by revolving acts as
propelling power to turn the ship round.
IMPROVEMENT IN MILLS FOR GRINDING CORN, GRAIN, BONES, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Lister and Edwin Lister at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th August 1879.
ALFRED LISTER and EDWIN LISTER, of Newark, in the State of New Jersey,
United States of America. "IMPROVEMENT IN MILLS FOR GRINDING CORN, GRAIN,
BONES, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES."
Grain, bones, and other materials have been cracked or crushed by passing
them through between rollers, one of which travels faster than the other; this is not
adapted to shear or cut the material, especially such tough substances as bones.
Our Invention consists in a pair of grinding rollers the cylindrical surfaces of
which are formed with rasping or cutting points or edges. The material to be
ground is placed between these rollers, preferably in a hopper, and such grinding
rollers are revolved in the same direction, so that the active surfaces of one is
moving downwardly at a rapid rate and rasping or cutting the material, and the
adjacent surface of the other roller is moving upwardly; the surfaces travelling in
opposite directions act like shears to cut the intervening material. The material
does not become clogged or pressed into the teeth or cutting edges of the grinding
rollers, because one surface is tending to lift the material while the other carries it
down, and the centrifugal force throws off the particles as ground to prevent the
mill clogging.
The shafts of these grinding rollers or cylinders are in suitable bearings and one
or both sets of bearings should be provided with springs or weighted levers so as
to prevent injury to the grinding surfaces by stones or other foreign matter, and it
is preferable to drive the roller that is grinding downwardly the fastest.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Rawlinson Hunter at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th July 1879.
JOHN RAWLINSON HUNTER, of Bolton-le-Moors, in the County of Lancaster,
Manufacturer of Leather Straps, and Finisher of other Leathers. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING MOTIVE POWER."
My improvements in apparatus for transmitting motive power consists of a novel
form or construction of leather driving belt and bands which are applicable in cases
where one or more driving bands work in one or more sets of annular grooves of V
or other suitable sectional form passing round the circumference of the pullies which
transmit and receive the motive power.
One of the objects of this Invention is to enable leather driving belts and bands
to be made so as to he applicable to work in groove pullies originally intended for
hemp, cotton, wire, or any other kind of driving bands.
The leather bands are made in a mould the form of the grooves in which
they have to work, and filled to suit the depth of the grooves with soft pliable
leather, each layer being well and firmly cemented together, after which they are
subjected to hydraulic pressure until they are set quite hard, after which they are
cemented and rivetted together with copper rivets to a leather belt the full width
across the pullies. The flat belt working on the edges of the grooves thereby
increased friction surface and strength is obtained, by which great power can be
transmitted with a narrow belt, thereby economising space, which is of great
importance and utility.
Í unite the ends of the belt and bands by splicing or half-lapping them and
bolting and cementing them together, or in some other suitable manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BALL COCKS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John McJannet at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 31st March 1879.
JOHN MOJANNET, of Greenock, in the County of Renfrew, North Britain.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BALL COCKS."
This Invention, which relates to improvements in ball cocks, has reference to that
class of ball cocks for which Letters Patent, No. 1230, A.D. 1876, dated the 22nd
day of March thereof, were granted to the said John McJannet.
The present improvements relate to the construction of the front part of such
cocks, or that wherein the valve of the cock is contained. According to the present
improvements this front portion is attached by a hinge to the upper part of the
body of the cock, and upon its lower part, as well as upon the lower part of the
body of the cock corresponding thereto, snugs or projections are formed with holes
therein, into which fit the arms or bars of a staple or analogous connection or
fastening, which when inserted retains the front or moveable portion of the cock
firmly in position against the corresponding face of the main portion or body
thereof. The joining faces of the moveable portion and main body of the cock are
formed either with grooves for the reception of a packing of india rubber or other
suitable material, or they may be formed with a projection on one face fitting into
a recess on the opposite face.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Knott Graham at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th September 1879.
WALTER KNOTT GRAHAM, of St. German's Terrace, Blackheath, in the County of
Kent. "
IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES."
This Invention has for its object improvements in velocipedes & applies more
particularly to the construction of bicycles; such bicycles as at present constructed
with one large & one small wheel, are liable to cause accidents from the rider being
thrown over the front of the large wheel, when from any cause the speed of the
machine is suddenly diminished and the rider's weight travelling forward with
almost undiminished velocity passes a line perpendicular to the centre of the large
wheel and all support is lost, he being violently thrown forward to the ground, or
or when from any other cause the weight of the rider is thrown forward of the
centre of the large wheel no provision having yet been made to prevent the forks
from running forward; to avoid this danger I place a small wheel in front of the
large one connected with the upper part of the fork at such distance from the
ground that it will only come in contact with it just before the rider's weight (if
thrown forward) would pass the centre of the large wheel & this distance would
depend upon the rake of the forks or position in which the weight to be carried
might be adjusted, say from 3in. to 6in, a sufficient height in any case to clear a
large stone. The small wheel would turn on an axle in a fork & the fork would
work in a swivel so adjusted with a small spring or other suitable means, that the
wheel would always be in a straight line with the large wheel and at the same
time capable of preceding the direction of the large wheel rapidly when in contact
with the ground. The connection with the forks may be made in a variety of
ways, by curved or straight rods on each side of the large wheel, or by curved rods
connected with the bearings, but by preference with a hollow tube forming a
continuation of the backbone right over and down in front of the large wheel.
The additional weight may be compensated for by the safety with which the
weight to be carried may be adjusted on the large wheel; there need be no loss, but
probably in practice there will be a gain in speed. A ball to revolve all ways by
means of an axle and swivel or endless joint may be substituted for the small
wheel mentioned above, and by preference the ball should be made of india-rubber
or similar elastic substance.
When the ball or wheel is connected with the forks at any point between the
top and the bearings a foot rest would be fixed on the connecting rods.
AN IMPROVED HOLDING DEVICE OR APPARATUS CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR EXHIBITING CARDS, PHOTOGRAPHS, CIGARS, GLOVES, AND SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd December 1879. A communi-
cation from abroad by Theodor Münch, of Vienna, Austria.
"
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent
Agents, Southampton Buildings, London. 'AN IMPROVED HOLDING DEVICE OR
APPARATUS CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR EXHIBITING CARDS, PHOTOGRAPHS, CIGARS,
GLOVES, AND SIMILAR ARTICLES." [A communication from abroad by Theodor
Münch, of Vienna, Austria.]
This Invention relates to a holder for cards and other small articles, which holder
is constructed in such a manner that it may be opened and closed like a lady's fan,
so that while occupying but little space when closed it can, when opened, exhibit
conveniently and fully all the articles contained in the same.
For this purpose the said holder consists of a series of plates arranged above
each other, and connected together at one end by means of a pin, forming a pivot,
around which these plates can be turned, so that they will spread out to form an
entire circle or part of a circle. The other ends of the plates are provided with
clamps, or frames, or tubes, or other suitable holding devices for small articles.
The pivotted part forms the handle of the holder, and the aforesaid movable plates
may, instead of being flat, be suitably bent at some distance from their pivot, so as
to be further apart at the other ends, and thus afford room for receiving articles of
larger size than it could otherwise hold.
The said holder may therefore be used for receiving any suitable small articles,
such as photographs, pictures, drawings, paintings, visiting-cards, programmes,
panoramas, almanacs, bills-of-fare, letter-paper, post-cards, envelopes, postage-
stamps, sweetmeats, gloves, cigarettes, travelling and sewing articles, needles, pins,
writing-materials, jewels, coins, manuscripts, travellers'-samples in all descriptions
of paper, paste-board, cloth, yarn, linen, faces, buttons, flowers, and other articles.
The uppermost plate and the lowest plato may be arranged to form each one
half of a box or case, so that when the holder is closed the two halves will form
an entire box, and the articles fixed to the other intermediate plates may be
enclosed within the said box.

page_text: In some cases pieces of the plates are cut out and bent upwards to form a clasp,
into which anything to be held may be inserted.
The holders may in some cases be in the form of rods, upon which an article, for
instance a small bouquet, can be fixed.
The plates may be made of metal, wood, bone, ivory, ebonite, horn, or other
suitable materials, and the sizo will vary according to the character of the articles
to be contained in the holder.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CARDS AND TICKETS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Pastor Perez de la Sala at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th April 1879.
PASTOR PEREZ DE LA SALA, of Bond Court Chambers, Walbrook, in the City of
London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CARDS AND TICKETS."
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of cards and
tickets.
This Invention consists in manufacturing cards and tickets made out of thin
sheets of any description of wood, either in its natural state or stained, painted,
dyed, varnished, glazed, or enamelled, and upon which cards or tickets printing of
any kind can be executed.
This Invention possesses the following advantages over the paper or paste cards
generally used :-
1st. Greater durability and extensive variety in natural hues.
2nd. Important economy in price.
3rd. Facility to be washed and cleaned without spoiling the cards or the printing
or engraving stamped upon them.
4th. To be completely harmless, especially in the hands of children, as no
poisonous ingredients are used in manufacturing the wooden cards or tickets, nor in
colouring them, such not being the case with the process usually adopted for
whitening, colouring, or enamelling the ordinary paste or paper cards with metallic
colours.
AN IMPROVED VENTILATOR AND SMOKE PREVENTER
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Aaron Backhouse at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th September 1879.
AARON BACKHOUSE, of Great Bridge, in the County of Stafford. "AN IMPROVED
VENTILATOR AND SMOKE PREVENTER."
This Invention consists in forming a frame of wood or metal, consisting of four,
six, eight, or any required number of sides, each side being hinged to the frame and
connected to the side opposite to it by a rod or bar of such a length that when
the one hinged side is closed the other to which it is attached is held open.
By this arrangement the pressure of the wind upon any one of the sides causes it
to close, and prevents the wind blowing into the ventilator, and the side opposite
being forced open, allows of the escape of air or smoke, as the case may be.
AN IMPROVED APPLIANCE FOR RECORDING AND CALCULATING THE VALUE OF GAS PASSED THROUGH A METER
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Turner at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 13th June 1879.
JAMES TURNER, of No. 14, Fleming Road, Lorrimore Square, Walworth, in the
County of Surrey. "AN IMPROVED APPLIANCE FOR RECORDING AND CALCULATING
THE VALUE OF GAS PASSED THROUGH A METER."
On a sheet of cardboard, or paper, or metal, or other suitable substance, I print,
draw, or otherwise impress three or four circles to correspond with the dials of gas
meters. I divide each of these circles into ten parts, each of such tenths representing
on the first circle, one hundred feet, on the second circle, one thousand feet, on the
third circle, ten thousand feet, and on the fourth circle, one hundred thousand feet.
In order to facilitate the reading of the circles, I number each tenth part with its
respective quantity. In the centre of each of these circles I fix by a pin or in any
other suitable manner, two hands or pointers one of which I make longer than the
other, and each of which can be moved independently of the other. The object of
having the pointers made of different lengths is to enable the gas consumer to tell
the quantity of gas passed through the meter in any given time, by placing the
two pointers together in the same relative positions in each circle as those in which
the hands in the corresponding circles of the dial on the meter are. At the end of
the given period, say three months, the long pointers on each circle is moved into
the respective position held by the hand on the corresponding circle of the dial on
the meter. The difference in feet between the two pointers in the various circles
of the card shews the quantity of gas consumed during the said period of three
months. In order to shew the money value of the gas consumed, I place behind
each circle on the card a disc, which disc is attached to the pin or other fastening
of the long pointer, and revolves when the said long pointer is moved. On each
disc are printed or otherwise stamped figures representing the money value of the
number of feet passed by the long pointer on each respective circle. The said figures
representing the money value are shewn through a small hole, cut out of the face of
the card, either inside of, or above, or below each circle, as may be convenient. If
the price of gas should be altered, a new disc can be easily substituted, marked
with the altered prices, which is obviously only a matter of calculation.

page_text: I also provide on the "recorder" a space in which to register the quantity of gas
consumed and its value in any given period, such as each three months, as well as
instructions for using the "recorder" and information and advice to gas consumers.
In cases where it is desirable to make a "recorder" of a cheaper sort, I do away
with the discs behind the circles shewing the money value, and substitute therefor 5
on another part of the card a table shewing the money value of the different
quantity of gas at various prices.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Blakeley, of Howden Clough, near Leeds, in the
County of York, Web Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
OR APPLICABLE TO LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Blakeley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th March 1879.
JOSEPH BLAKELEY, of Howden Clough, near Leeds, in the County of York, Web
Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
This Invention relates to what is known as the "sherr" bottom or shuttle race,
being that portion of the slay over which the shuttle passes; and my improvements
consist in covering the said portion with vulcanized india-rubber, or a composition
of india-rubber sufficiently hard to resist wear, but retaining enough elasticity to
prevent damage to the warp. The composition is covered with a woven fabric or
web on the underside, and this is glued on to the slay or "sherr" bottom.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Joseph Blakeley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 17th
September 1879.
JOSEPH BLAKELEY, of Howden Clough, near Leeds, in the County of York, Web
Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
This Invention relates to what is known as the "sherr" bottom or shuttle race,
being that portion of the slay over which the sbuttle passes; and my improvements
consist in covering the said portion with vulcanized india-rubber, or a composition
of india-rubber sufficiently hard to resist wear, but retaining enough elasticity to
prevent damage to the warp. The composition is covered with a woven fabric or
web on the underside, and this is glued on to the slay or "sherr" bottom.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my Invention, and explained
the manner of putting the same into practice, I wish it to be understood that what
I consider to be new and therefore claim as my Invention is, the use of vulcanized
india-rubber, or a composition of india-rubber, as a covering for the shuttle race of
looms for weaving, substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Blakeley, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Thirteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-nine.
Witness,
FRED JENNINGS.
JOSEPH BLAKELEY. (L.S.)
AN IMPROVEMENT IN REVOLVING OTTOMANS."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Thomas Porter at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th December 1879.
64
HENRY THOMAS PORTER, of Tottenham Court Road, in the County of Middlesex.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN REVOLVING OTTOMANS."
My Invention of an improvement in revolving ottomans relates to a combination
of two, three, or more ottoman seats in the form of arm chairs, each capable of being
used as separate articles of furniture, with a central triangular or tripod frame or
stand by which the seats or chairs are united together to form a single article of
furniture, usually called a revolving ottoman, the said frame serving also to support
a central table common to all the seats, and capable, like the seats or chairs, of
being used as a separate article of furniture. The frame of each seat or chair is
preferably of circular form in plan so as to adapt it to be connected at any point
of its circumference with the central frame or stand, so that the seats or chairs may
have any desired relative position the one to the other.
The means of my Invention by which the frames of the seats or chairs are
readily but firmly united to the central connecting frame or stand, and which
also admits of their being as readily separated therefrom for use as separate articles
of furniture, or for the purpose of packing for transport, consists of T headed
metal studs projecting from metal plates screwed or otherwise fixed to the frame of
the chair or seat or to that of the central connecting stand, as the case may be, and
of corresponding T slotted plates, screwed or otherwise fixed to the opposite part
to that to which the T studs are fixed. The bead of the T stud passes through
the horizontal portion of the T slot, and then drops down behind and across the
vertical portion of said slot whereby the two are immediately locked firmly
together so that the seats and chairs and the central stand are rigidly combined
together as one article of furniture, but yet may be as readily disconnected for
separate use, all being provided with a proper number of legs.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF INDEXING HOLDER AND BINDER FOR LETTERS, PAPERS, BILLS, NOTES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Armitage at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 13th November 1879.
ARTHUR ARMITAGE, of Breckenbrough, Cheltenham. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF
INDEXING HOLDER AND BINDER FOR LETTERS, PAPERS, BILLS, NOTES."
This Invention has for its object to facilitate the registration of bills, letters, and
documents or papers generally in alphabetical or other order, and the binding of
them in the same order for reference; it has also for its object to keep ordinary
stationary in a more secure and compact form.
For the purpose of the object first mentioned I construct a case of wood or other
suitable material, open at the top and at the front side. The inner surfaces of the two
ends are each provided with one or more vertical grooves or recesses for holding
and retaining the index sheets in position, such index sheets having projecting parts
or tongues which take into and slide freely in such grooves. Each index sheet is
marked by a letter of the alphabet, and the letter, bill, or other document, is placed
unfolded on the index sheet bearing its initial letter, so that its edges come even
with the back edges and one side of the index papers. Above the index sheets is
an adjustable cover furnished with a projecting part or tongue similar in form to
that of the index sheets, and sliding up and down in the same groove or grooves;
this cover is fitted at the top with a spring bolt which takes in to recesses in the
inner surface of the two ends of the case in such manner that when the spring bolt
is withdrawn from the corresponding recesses such cover is free to slide vertically
upward or downward, in the former case relieving the index sheets and documents
from pressure, in the latter case when pressed down with the bolt in its corresponding
recesses the index sheets and documents are kept pressed together. When it is
required to bind the documents together I shift the sliding cover into a different
vertical groove nearer the front of the case, thus allowing plenty of room for
piercing or sewing the back edges of the documents together; an open space being
left in the bottom of the case corresponding with and immediately underneath the
open space between the back edge of the cover and the inner side of the back of the
case.
This Invention is also applicable to a stationary case when it is fitted with
partitions, and an adjustable cover moving in a groove at each end of the case (or

page_text: without such groove) like the indexes and cover before mentioned. The adjustable
cover is also in this case provided with a spring bolt which engages in suitable
recesses one above the other, the height of the cover (when passed down) from the
bottom of the case being according to the bulk of the paper or stationary within
the case.
In both cases the spring bolt is operated by simple pressure of two fingers.