Improvements in and relating to Means for Automatically Stopping Looms or Changing Shuttles in Looms.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Sept., 1899-Accepted, 16th Dec., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Means for Automatically Stopping
Looms or Changing Shuttles in Looms.
I, FRIEDRICH WILHELM RÖHRIG, Partner of the Firm of C. F. Klein-Schlatter,
Brucherschulstrasse No. 11, Barmen, Rhenish Prussia, Germany, Manufac-
turer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention has for its object improvements in looms by means of which
faults in the weaving due to the missing of a weft thread shall be avoided,
whether such missing of a weft thread be caused in consequence of a bobbin
having run empty, or whether the weft thread having been torn and the shuttle
therefore having been thrown out of the shuttle box or revolver without a new
one having been put in its place.
A loom showing the devices for accomplishing the said objects is represented
the accompanying drawing; for simplicity sake other parts, having no
reference to these special improvements, are left out in the drawing.
on
Figure 1 is a vertical section through the loom in direction of the warp;
Figure 2 is an outside view of the same;
Figure 3 is a cross section of the revolver and its accessories in an enlarged
scale;
Figure 4 is a horizontal section along line I-I of Fig. 3, seen from top and
showing more particularly the device for enabling the easy entry of a new shuttle
into the revolver box after the throwing out of an empty shuttle, or one with
a torn weft thread;
Figure 4" is a view seen from the right side of Fig. 3;
Figures 5 and 6 are two similar views as those of Figures
and 4 with a
slightly modified device for enabling easy admittance of a new shuttle into the
revolver.
In order to prevent faults in the weaving by missing weft threads the loom
must either be set still in the moment when the bobbin in the shuttle has run
empty, so that the batten can not oscillate a single time, when this has happened,
or better still, the loom should be set still even before the length of the thread
left on the bobbin is shorter than the width of the weaving, or else, since faults
by missing weft threads may be caused also because a new and full shuttle has
been prevented from replacing at once the one thrown out of the loom, means
must also be provided to enable the easy and safe entry of a new shuttle in its
active position, when the preceding one has been thrown out.
In my loom provision is made for all cases so as to ensure a faultless product
under any circumstances.
.
In one of the side frames 1 of the loom there is fixed on a pin 2, a ratchet-
wheel 3, which can be set in motion in the direction of the arrow by means of a
pawl 4 on a lever 5 being held movably on said pin 2. At the end of the lever 5
is adjustably fixed a rod 6, which by its lower end is connected to the lever 10
forming part of my Patent No. 12224/98 and which is caused to oscillate ou
pin 7 by a cam 8 on shaft 9 at every alternate oscillation of the batten. By this

page_text: means the wheel 3 is pushed forward one or more teeth at every alternate stroke
of the batten.
A pawl 11 hindering the ratchet wheel 3 from running backwards.
With this wheel 3 is connected a spurwheel 12 engaging with a wheel 13 on a
pin 14, secured in the frame 1. By exchanging the wheels 12 and 13, the number
of revolutions made by a disc 15 fixed to the respective wheel 13 can be varied.
A lever 16 having its fulcrum on a pin 16" of a bracket 16b fixed to the frame 1,
is pressed with a projection 16 at its upper end against the circumference of
the disc 15 by the spring 17, so that the projection 16 falls into a notch 15"
on the circumference of the disc 15, when this notch comes to stand opposite the
projection 16 and thus causing the lower arm of the lever to move towards
the right.
Now by connecting this lever either with the device for setting out of gear
the loom, or to the mechanism for turning the revolver in order to put a new
shuttle in the revolver box, I attain the object desired.
of
In the example shown, I have connected the lever 16 to the safety mechanism
my Patent No. 12224/98 in the following manner.
A connecting rod 18 connects the lever 16 with the bar 19 and thus this is
also pulled towards the right so that by the next revolution of the shaft 9 and by
means of. the levers and rods 20, 21 the revolving shuttlebox is turned and a new
shuttle is brought in action.
The ratio of the number of teeth in the ratchet wheel 3 and of the wheel 12
to the wheel 13 with regard to the length of yarn wound upon the weft bobbin
is so arranged that this bobbin will nearly run empty when the disc 15 has made
one revolution, a little quantity of yarn only remaining and so it will
never happen, that faults in the weaving are caused by lack of yarn upon the
bobbin of the shuttle in action.
Now with every new shuttle coming in action, the disc 15 must be brought
to its starting point opposite the projection 16. This is caused automatically
by the following means:
To the disc 15 is attached a small rope pulley 22 and to this is fixed with one
end a rope 23, at the free end of which is suspended a weight 24.
The rope
is wound up gradually with the turning of the disc 15 and pulley 22, so that
the weight 24 has the tendency of turning the pulley backwards. This however
it can only do when the pawl 11 is raised out of the teeth of the ratchet wheel 3
and this again is done at the same time when the loom is stopped by the means
described above and in order to perform this, a bar 25 is placed on a pin 26
projecting sideways from the lever 20, so that this bar will be raised with that
lever at its upper end pins 27 and 28 projecting out sideways of the rod 25
and supporting the pawl 4 and the prolongation 11" of the pawl 11 will raise
these pawls and thus disengage then from the teeth of the ratchet wheel, so
that now the weight 24 on the rope 23 can turn backwards the pulley 22 and the
disk 15; the noteh 15" being so shaped that it will not form a hindrance to
this movement.
From the foregoing it will be understood, that when a weft bobbin has run
empty, or nearly so, a new shuttle will be placed automatically into the revolver
and faults on this account will be avoided, but as indicated above, in order to
make the loom perfect in this respect there must be in combination with the
device described another one, by which the entry of a new shuttle is, as one
might say, warranted.
This I obtain by the following means: In the front side of each cell of the
revolver 30 (that is with regard to the turning direction of the revolver) —
I arrange a plate (31) pivotted at the inner end on a pin (32), these plates are
lodged in a recess of the cell, they are curved and project with their convex side
out of this recess into the space of the cell; a spiral spring pressing them
forwards. The principal object of this plate 31 is to hold the shuttle securely in
the cell, that it can not shake about.

page_text: Now this plate would hinder the easy entrance of a shuttle into the cell and
means must be provided to prevent this at the right moment without depriving it
of its quality of securing the shuttle in the cell. Therefore at the outer or front
side of the revolver the plate 31 projects out of the same and this projection
strikes against a detent 34 in its forward motion and against a similar detent 35
in its motion backwards with the batten, so that by this means the plate 31
will be pressed into its recess and allow free entrance for a new shuttle when
the cell is empty, whereas otherwise it has happened that the plate 31 hindered the
free entry of the shuttle. In the rear position, where the shuttle, which was brought
out of action, shall be cleared out of the revolver cell, the detent 35 releases
the shuttle from the pressure of the plate 31 and the spring 33 and thus allows its
free escape from the cell.
Now the plate 31 at the same time can serve as a means for stopping the loom
when a shuttle for some reason or other has not run right through the whole
width of the shed or of the shuttle race, but stopped in the middle of its way,
thereby also causing faults of the described manner which I desire to avoid.
To the swinging arms 38 of the batten or slay of the loom is connected
movably a bar 38, reaching from one side to the other and to this bar is keyed
a curved arm 36, which reaches upwards. so far as to bear against the plate 31
by a nose or finger 36 projecting from its side into the reach of the plate, so
that when the revolver is turned it only needs to push the arm 36 a little side-
ways to be able to pass by, as will be best understood from Fig. 4": the ends of
the plates 31 below the nose 36" passing free inside of the arm 36, so that this
can not hinder the turning of the revolver.
Now when a shuttle is in a cell the plate 31 is pressed into its recess and it
then also pushes the arm 36 towards the right into the position shown in dotted
lines in Figure 3; if however the shuttle has stopped halfway its race, somewhere
within the shed and has not run fully home into the cell of the revolver, the
spring 33 presses the plate 31 forwards into the cell and then in consequence of
the pull of a spring 37" exerted upon an arm 37, keyed to the rod 38 outside of the
arm 36 (Fig. 3 and 4) both these arms 36 and 37 take the position shown in full
lines in Figure 3 and in this position the end of the arm 37 strikes against the
shoulder 39 of a slide piece 39" which thereby is pushed forwards and in a well
known manner then acts upon the gear for stopping the loom, and so it will be
understood that failures in the weaving, which might arise from this cause are also
avoided.
In the arrangement shown in Figures 3 and 4 and just described, the plates 31
at the end of each stroke to and fro strike against the detents 34, 35 and in order
to allow the easy and safe entrance of a new shuttle into the revolver cell this may
be disadvantageous by causing noise and wear and tear of the respective parts.
In Figures 5 and 6 I show a variation the use of which avoids the said drawback.
In order to give free access of the shuttles into the cell of the revolver in this
case, I I press the plate 31° out of the cell and into its recess by placing a spring 33
between the plate 31" and a covering plate 40 covering the recess 41, in which the
plate 31" is lodged at both ends and allowing free passage for the plate 31" only
in the middle part of its length, when it is pressed outwards by another element.
Thus the shuttle can enter easily into the empty cell and it is held safely therein
also by the plate 31", which in that position only, where the cell of the revolver is
in action, is pressed against the shuttle by the tension of the spring 37, which
is stronger than the spring 33" and pulls the lever 37 down, so that the arm 36 is
pressed against the plate 31" and this presses against the shuttle. If, however
no-shuttle-is-in-the said cell the-spring 37 can pull the arm 37 quite down into
the position shown, in Figure 5 and then the loom is stopped as explained above.
From the description given and from the representations of the drawing it
will be now understood that faults in weaving by missing weft threads can be
nearly absolutely avoided, whatever may have been the reason that formerly
caused such failures of the weft threads.
25

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1/ In a loom, a pin 2 fixed in one of the frames 1, a ratchet wheel held movably
on said pin, a lever 5 pivotted on said pin 2, a pawl 4 fixed to lever 5, a ratchet
wheel 3 engaging with said pawl and a lever 6 connected adjustably to the end
of lever 5, in combination with an oscillating lever 10 pivotted to the frame 1 and
moved up and down by a cam 8 on shaft 9 of the loom, as illustrated and for the
purpose set forth.
2/ In a loom a pin 2 fixed in one of the frames 1, a ratchet wheel held movably
on said pin, a lever 5 pivotted on said pin 2, a pawl 4 fixed to lever 5, a ratchet
wheel 3 engaging with said pawl, a lever 6 connected adjustably to the end of
lever 5 at its upper end and to a lever 10 at its lower end, a cam 8 on a shaft 9
and causing said lever 10 to oscillate up and down, a spur wheel 12 fixed to said
ratchet wheel 3 and engaging with a spur wheel 13, a pin 14 fixed in frame 1 and
carrying said wheel 13 and a notched disc 15 attached to wheel 13, in combination
with a lever 16 pivotted on a pin 16" to a bracket 16, a spiral spring 17 pulling
the upper end of lever 16 against the circumference of the disc 15, a connecting
piece 18 connecting the lower end of the lever 16 to the rod 19 which in com-
bination with levers 10, and 20 and the rod 21 causes the turning of the revolver
the whole as described and illustrated and for the purpose set forth.
3/ In a loom a ratchet wheel on a pin 2 fixed in the frame 1, a spur wheel 12
attached to said ratchet wheel, a wheel 13 engaging with wheel 12, a notched
disc 15 fixed at the side of wheel 13 on a pin 14, a rope pulley 22 fixed to the
dise 15, a weighted rope 23 fixed with one end to said pulley, in combination with
a pawl 11, a rod 25, a pin 28 connecting said rod with the pawl 11, a pin 27 on
said rod 25 and supporting pawl 4, a pin 26 on lever 20 supporting rod 25, the
whole as described and illustrated and for the purpose set forth.
4/ In a loom in combination with the revolver 30, a plate 31 placed in a recess
at the front side of each cell of the revolver, a spring 33 pressing said plate into
the cell, detents 34 and 35, fixed to the frame 1 of the loom at such positions that
the plates 31 strike against them at the extreme positions of the forward and back-
ward oscillation of the revolver with the batten, a bar 38 running accross the loom
and held movably in the swinging arms 38", a lever 36 keyed on said bar 38 and
bearing with a side projection 36" against the plate 31, an arm 37 keyed also to the
bar 38, a spring 37, pulling arm 37 downward, so that it can strike against a
shoulder 39 on a slide block 39" when no shuttle is in the cell in action of the
loom and the arm 36 is free and allows the arm 37 to follow the action of the
spring 37, the whole illustrated and described and for the purpose set forth.
5/ In a loom in combination with the revolver 30 plates 3.1" placed in recesses
at the front side of each cell, a spring 33 placed between the plate 31" and a cover-
ing plate 40 of the recess 41 of the cells and pressing said plate 31" into the cell,
an arm 36 keyed to bar 38 and an arm 37 also on said bar, the whole as illus-
irated and described and for the purpose set forth.
Barmen, the 15th day of September 1899.
FRIEDRICH WILHELM RÜHRIG,
Partner of the Firm of C. F. Klein-Schlatter.
Per Karl J. Mayer,