IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TWISTING, DOUBLING, AND WINDING YARN AND THREAD
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Willis and George Chell, both of Long-
sight, near the City of Manchester, Machine Makers, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TWISTING, DOUBLING, AND WINDING
YARN AND THREAD."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Willis and George
Chell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 12th June 1860.
We, THOMAS WILLIS and GEORGE CHELL, both of Longsight, near the City
of Manchester, Machine Makers, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TWISTING, DOUBLING, AND
WINDING YARN AND THREAD," to be as follows:-
Our present Invention relates to the machines for which Letters Patent
were granted to the within-named Thomas Willis in 1845, and to the within-
named Thomas Willis and George Chell on the 29th day of May 1857,
No. 1517, and on the 12th day of February 1859, No. 395.
Oour Invention consists in winding the yarn or thread on to the bare spindles
of the machines for twisting, doubling, and winding above referred to, instead
of winding it on to bobbins or spools as now customary, or on to a conical piece
of the shape of the foundation of the cop fitting on the spindle. The bare
spindle fits in a socket which is turned round in the usual manner, or it may

page_text: be driven in any other convenient manner, and when the cop is formed, the
spindle with the yarn or thread on it is placed in a shuttle for weaving, or
the cop is doffed from the spindle and put on the shuttle skewer.
f
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Willis and George Chell in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 11th December 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
WILLIS and GEORGE CHELL, both of Longsight, near the City of Manchester,
Machine Makers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her reign, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said Thomas Willis
and George Chell, Her special licence that we, the said Thomas Willis and
George Chell, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as we, the said Thomas Willis and George Chell, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TWISTING,
DOUBLING, AND WINDING YARN AND THREAD," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Thomas Willis and George Chell, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one
of our or their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW. YE, that we, the said Thomas Willis and George Chell, do
hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement (that is to say) :-
:-
Our present Invention relates to the machines for which Letters Patent
were granted to the within-named Thomas Willis in one thousand eight
hundred and forty-five, and to the within-named Thomas Willis and George

page_text: Chell, on the Twenty-ninth day of May, One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-seven, Number 1517, and on the Twelfth day of February One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-nine, Number 395.
Our Invention consists in winding the yarn or thread on to the bare spindles
or skewers of the machines for twisting, doubling, and winding above referred
to, instead of winding it on to bobbins or spools as now customary or on to a
conical piece of the shape of the foundation of the cop fitting on the spindle.
The bare spindle or skewer fits in a socket which is turned round in the usual
manner, or it may be driven in any other convenient manner, and when the
cop is formed, the spindle, with the yarn or thread on it, is placed in a shuttle
for weaving; or the cop is doffed from the spindle and put on the shuttle
skewer, or the cop with or without the spindle or skewer is otherwise disposed
of as may be found requisite for any other process.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood, and readily
carried into operation, we will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings, reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is an end elevation of a winding machine of the present con-
struction, to which our improvements are applied; Figure 2 is a detached
view on an enlarged scale of part of the same machine. a, a, are the usual
cups or pressers, the interior of which are conical, corresponding in shape to
the nose of the cop or pirn, and the front is open for the passage of the yarn,
which is guided up and down by the wires b, b, in the usual manner; c, c, are
the spindles or skewers on which the yarn is wound either on the bare surface
of the spindle or on to a tube of paper or other material, which may be put on
the spindle to facilitate the doffing. The lower end of each spindle or skewer c
fits in the socket d, which is turned round by the band e passing over the
drum f, and round the wharve g, cast or fixed to the socket d; the sockets d
revolve on studs h, fixed in the rails i, and these studs are hollow to allow the
ends of the spindles or skewers c to pass through them; the upper end of each
socket d is provided with a piece of vulcanized india-rubber or other suitable
elastic material, as shewn at j, which has a hole through it for the spindle or
skewer to pass through, and the. friction of this elastic material carries the
spindle or skewer round with the socket, or the spindle or skewer may be
flattened and pass through an oblong hole in the socket..as now customary.
The machinery for raising and lowering the guide wires b, b, is clearly shewn in
Figure 1, and does not require to be particularly described, as it is common to
machines.for twisting, doubling, and winding yarn or thread.
In Figure 1 the cops or pirns are represented as being partly formed, and in
Figure 2 the operation of winding the yarn or thread on the spindle is supposed

page_text: to be just commencing, that is to say, the guide wire b is down, and the yarn
is being wound on the spindle or skewer; each successive layer of yarn accu-
mulates on the spindle or skewer and causes it to rise within the cup a, at the
same time the larger diameter of the cone is being formed, until the cup a is
full of yarn; after this the additional layers of yarn cause the spindle or
skewer to rise in the cup until the cop or pirn is complete, at which time the
end of the spindle c is drawn out of the socket d. When the yarn is wound
on a paper or other tube the cop with the tube is doffed, and is then ready for
use, but when the yarn is wound on the bare spindle or skewer the cop may
be doffed in the usual manner or left upon the spindle or skewer, and taken to
the subsequent machine either for reeling, warping, weaving, or for any other
operation.
Figure 3 represents a modification of our Invention; in this case the
spindle c is supported and driven in the usual manner, and c³ is a tube of
metal or other material having an oblong hole fitting on the flattened end of
the spindle so as to turn round with it; or the interior of the tube may have a
piece of india-rubber in it to hold on the spindle. The tube c* passes through
the cup a, and the yarn or thread is wound upon it in the manner described in
Figure 2. The upper end of the spindles c and tubes ca may be weighted to
increase the hardness of the cop or pirn.
From the foregoing description it will be apparent that the wooden bobbins
or spools with conical foundations of the shape of the nose of the cop, are or
may be entirely dispensed with.
Figure 4 represents a modification of part of the Invention for which
Letters Patent were granted to the within-named Thomas Willis on or about
the Twelfth day of June, One thousand eight hundred and forty-five, Number
10,720. This part of our Invention is particularly applicable for winding yarn
or thread on the small bobbins for the shuttles of small ware looms, and it
consists in applying the press roller k to the bobbin 1, on which the yarn or
thread is wound; this roller is pressed against the surface of the bobbin by
the weight m, attached to one end of the cord n, the other end being fixed to
a stud projecting from the plate o, which is furnished with a stud for the
roller to revolve upon. The bobbin is mounted on the spindle p, the lower
end of which fits in a socket in the spindle 9; this socket has a slot r, for the
purpose of being able to drive a key through when the end of the spindle p
breaks or becomes damaged.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, we declare that we claim as our improvements in
machinery for twisting, doubling, and winding yarn and thread,-

page_text: First, the winding of yarn or thread in the form of a cop or pirn on to the
bare spindles or skewers, or on to paper or other tubes fitting the spindles or
skewers of machines used in twisting, doubling, and winding as described and
shewn in Figures 1, 2, and 3.
Secondly, the application of vulcanized india-rubber or other suitable elastic
material for giving motion to the spindles or skewers and tubes of machines
used in twisting, doubling, and winding, as shewn and described in reference
to Figures 2 and 3.
Thirdly, the application of the press roller k to the bobbins of machines used
in twisting, doubling, and winding, as shewn and described in reference to
Figure 4.
And, lastly, the application of the slot r to the socket of the spindles of
machines used in twisting, doubling, and winding, as shewn and described in
reference to Figure 4.
In witness whereof we, the said Thomas Willis and George Chell, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Tenth day of December, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
Witness,
H. B. BARLOW,
Manchester.
THOMAS WILLIS. (L.S.)
GEORGE CHELL. (L.S.).