Improvements in Apparatus for Cutting Woven Fabrics, Paper, Leather, and other materials.
Year: 1892

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Cutting Woven Fabrics, Paper,
Leather, and other materials.
I, OSKAR FROEMERT, of 115B Brunnenstrasse, in the City of Berlin, in the
Empire of Germany, Master Tailor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described an ô
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for cutting different kinds of
material, such as woven fabrics, paper, leather, and, if sufficient power is applied
also sheet metal.
The essential feature of this cutting device is a revolving or running blade,
which is made to revolve at high speed by any suitable driving power advan-
tageously a flexible shaft, and which is placed sideways against a stationary disc
blade, so that a kind of shearing effect is obtained.
The stationary disc by being placed flat against the revolving blade, keeps the edge
of the latter sharp and is provided on its front part with a foot which grips the
material to be cut from underneath. Such material which can be cut in several
layers one above the other is by the peculiar spoon-shaped foot at the front raised
into the cutting angle of the two cutting edges.
In a modified form of the device the revolving blade is placed in guide pieces
which slide vertically in the frame or casing of the device; this is done in order
to be able to press down the revolving blade which is of great advantage when it
is required to cut sharp_corners, and, at the same time to keep the cut equal
through all the layers. The revolving blade is afterwards raised automatically to
its original position by spring pressure.
A third modification differs from the preceding one in that the revolving knife
or disc blade is not adjustable, the layers of material being raised to same by a
lifting contrivance, so that the cutting effect is the same clean and equal one as in
the preceding modification.
I will now describe my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings
of which:
Fig. 1 is a side view of the new cutting device to be guided by the hand.
Fig. 2 is a section of the same the revolving blade and the foot being shown in
side view.
Fig. 3 shows in detail, and on a larger scale, the foot which grips the material
and forms a shear blade.
Fig. 4 is a plan view of the front part of the foot and the part of the revolving
blade in contact with the foot.
Fig. 5 shows a modified form of the device in perspective view with a vertically
movable revolving cutting disc in a raised position.
Fig. 6 is a perspective view partly in section of the device with the knife disc in
its lowered position.
Fig. 7 is a horizontal section on line x—y of Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a sectional view showing the arrangement of a lifting contrivance on
the stationary foot of the cutting device in order to raise the layers of material
vertically to the revolving cutting disc. The upper view of this lifting contrivance
given in Fig. 7 (though such lifting contrivance is not used in revolving cutting
discs, which can be moved vertically as in Figure 5).
With reference to Figs. 1 to 4 the spindle a which passes through the handle
receives its motive power by means of a string or belt pulley in the usual way, and
in such manner, that the contrivance can be guided by the hand to and fro in any

page_text: direction on a table, quite independently of the motion or revolutions of the cutting
blade.
By the intermediary of bevel pinions (Fig. 1) the movement of the spindle a is
communicated to the shaft mounted horizontally in the frame of the cutting
disc e fixed on one end of this shaft and having a sharpened cutting edge. In
order to protect the hand gripping the handle from injury, a sheet metal plate can
be attached and made to project over the upper part of the cutting disc; this
protecting plate is not shown in the drawings.
A foot which is made integral with or bears the shear blade g is connected
with the frame or casing A and rests against the inner side of the cutting disc e.
The foot projects outwards like the point of a plough share and the shear formed
sharpened part g of the foot lies flat against the side of the revolving disc e in
such a way that it forms a sort of shears whose cutting angle always remains the
same (Fig. 2).
The material is held, sufficiently fast in position by the springing of the said
blade-formed metal foot. The continuation of the cutting edge g beyond the cir-
cumference of the cutting disc e (Fig. 3 & 4) forms the flat spoon-shaped plate
or shoe which is pushed under the material and raises the latter in a cutting
position. For this purpose all the sides of the shoe are made to slope, whilst the
under surface of the same, as also the whole foot is perfectly flat for the secure
guiding of the device on the table.
By the setting of the knife disc e against the cutting edge g of the foot fan
automatic sharpening of the former takes place. In case the disc e should become
worn with use that is in case its diameter become decreased, it makes no difference
to the cutting effect since the cutting point is only placed a little further
backwards.
The mode of working or operation of this cutting device remains the same if,
instead of the single foot being placed on the one side of the revolving cutting
disc e, a similar foot be fixed on the other side of same.
In the modification shown in Fig. 5, 6 & 7 the revolving blade or knife is move-
able vertically in order that the cut of the several layers may be absolutely equal
by the pressing downwards of same.
The driving of the revolving knife disc e in this modification is effected by a
horizontal shaft i to which a flexible driving shaft (which is not shown) is con-
nected as already in use with various machines so that a full description of such
shaft can be dispensed with,-for instance a flexible driving shaft such as used in
dental engines.
The shaft is mounted in guiding pieces k, which slide in the side walls of
the frame A and are connected by the loop . The rod m is attached to this loop l
and is fitted in the tube o, serving as the handle of the cutting device and is pro-
vided with a knob n. This rod is surrounded by the spring p bearing against the
knob and the casing and normally holding the loop the guiding pieces k, k¹ and
the revolving knife blade e in a raised position (Fig. 5).
In order to cut sharp and angular corners of the folded layers of the material,
the cutting device is not taken to the end of the lines forming the corner but the
remaining piece of each line about half the diameter of the cutting disc e is cut by
pressing down the revolving disc e; by so doing the point at which the cutting
edges of the two blades cross each other is advanced so, that the last part of the
cutting is performed.
The button n serves for limiting the downward movement of the revolving knife
disc e.
By the modification in Fig. 8 the required purpose is effected by the previously
mentioned construction, viz. by a raising contrivance which raises in a vertical
direction the layers of material towards the cutting disc e the axis of which is
mounted in stationary bearings. The raising contrivance consists of a wire or
band 5, which is bent to the form of the foot and lies as a rule on a level with
its under edge and is moved forwards with the same.

page_text: The wires is bent upwards at about right angles and its ends are so guided in
the guiding piece t, which is screwed on to the foot, that the wire s can be lifted
by means of the handle (shown in Fig. 8 in full and dotted lines) and the layers
of material thus raised against the revolving knife disc e.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An improved device for cutting woven fabrics, paper leather, sheet metal or
other similar material consisting of a revolving knife disc e against the side of
which is fixed a stationary disc or shearing blade having a foot part for supporting
the layers of material thus causing a shearing action and, at the same time a
continuous automatic sharpening of the revolving cutting blade all arranged,
combined and acting, substantially as described and shown at Figs. 1 to 4.
2. An improved device for cutting woven fabrics, paper, leather, sheet metal or
other similar material, consisting of a revolving knife or cutting blade e and a
stationary disc or shearing blade in combination with the axle i of the knife e
mounted in the sliding bearings k, k¹ with the rod m in such way, that by pressing
down such rod the cutting point can be advanced the parts being automatically as
described and shown in Figs. 5, 6 & 7.
3. An improved device for cutting woven fabrics, paper leather, sheet metal and
other similar material consisting of a revolving knife disc e and a shearing blade f
mounted sideways to same, substantially as set forth with reference to Figs. 1 to 4,
in combination & acting in conjunction with a lifting contrivance for lifting the
layers of material to be cut against the knifee and such lifting device consisting of
a wire or band encircling the foot of the blade the arms of said wire being
guided in a hearing t and provided with a handle u substantially as described and
shown in Fig. 8 of the drawing hereunto annexed.
8
CAT
100D
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.