MAKING COCKS OF ALL SORTS AND DESCRIPTIONS WHATSOEVER, AND OF ALL KINDS OF METALS, FCR THE PURPOSE OF DRAWING ALE, PORTER, BEER, CIDER, WATER, AND OTHER FLUIDS FROM BARRELS, VATS, COOLERS, BOILERS, COPPERS, CISTERNS, PIPES, AND ALL KINDS OF VESSELS, SO AS TO PREVENT LEAKAGE, BY THE APPLICATION OF ONE OR MORE RINGS OR COLLARS OF LEATHER, CORK, OR ANY OTHER ELASTIC SUBSTANCE, TO THE KEY OR PLUG OF THE SAID COCK
Year: 1796

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
RUDDER, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Cock Founder, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by II is
Letters Patent, bearing date at Westminster, the Sixteenth day of February,
in the thirty-sixth year of Ilis reign, did give and grant unto me, His especial
licence that I, tho said William Rudder, during the term of years, therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "MAKING
COCKS OF ALL SORTS AND DESCRIPTIONS WHATSOEVER, AND OF ALL KINDS OF METALS, FCR
THE PURPOSE OF DRAWING ALE, PORTER, BEER, CIDER, WATER, AND OTHER FLUIDS FROM
BARRELS, VATS, COOLERS, BOILERS, COPPERS, CISTERNS, PIPES, AND ALL KINDS OF
VESSELS, SO AS TO PREVENT LEAKAGE, BY THE APPLICATION OF ONE OR MORE RINGS OR
COLLARS OF LEATHER, CORK, OR ANY OTHER ELASTIC SUBSTANCE, TO THE KEY OR
PLUG OF THE SAID COCK;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a
proviso, obliging me, tho said William Rudder, under my hand and seal, to
cause a particular description of the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within one calendar month next and immediately.
after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
relation being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said.
William Rudder, do hereby declare that the merits of this my said Invention

page_text: in nowise depend on any peculiar metal, size, or outward shape of which
these my said invented cocks are made, as the principlo on which they
are constructed will equally apply to cocks of all kinds and sizes ; but
their excellence is entirely in the method of rendering them water-tight by the
application of one or more collars of cork, leather, Indian gum, cloth, filt, sponge,
worsted, yarn, wool, tow, cotton, thread, or any other elastic substance, to the
plug and barrel of the cock, or either of them indifferently, which said collars
are made and applied in the manner following (that is to say):―
With a knife, punch, gouge, chissel, or sonie other tool or instrument, either
by hand or by the help of a lathe, press, or other engine, I cut or press out a
picco of cork, leather, Indian gum, cloth, filt, or some other substance, either
in a wet or dry, hot or cold state, and of such a shape and size as may be put
over or round the plug of the cock. The piece of cork, leather, or other
substance so cut out, I call a collar, (see Fig. VII, VIII, IX, X, in the above
Drawings), and whether the said piece bo round or oblong, as Figures VII,
VIII, or of any other shape, whether it be in one piece, as Fig. VIII, or with a
joint or division in it, as Fig. X, or divided into two or more parts, as Fig. IX;
so long as the said piece of cork, leather, or other substance, can be made to
encircle the plug of the cock or any part thereof, I still call it a collar. Round
the plug of the cock, or within the barrel of the cock itself in which the plug
works, and in any part of the said plug or barrel, either above or below
or both above and below the passage or waterway of the said cock, is or
are made one or more groove or grooves or seats of a depth and breadth
proportionable to the size of the cock; in such groove or grooves is or are
inserted in such manner as to encompass the plug one or more of the
aforesaid collars, which pressing close both to the barrel and plug will prevent
the escape of the fluid, & at all times render the cock water-tight. When
the substance intended to be used as a collar is such as cannot by the above-
mentioned methods conveniently be brought into a proper shape, such as cotton,
worsted, wool, yarn, tow, or thread, I take such a quantity as I judge necessary
and coil it one or more times round the plug, according to the depth and width
of the groove in the said plug. The collar or collars may be put on the top
or bottom of the plug as well as round it, or on the top or bottom of the
barrel, or applied in any other manner in which it is possible to adjust onc
or more of them to the plug & barrel of the said cock. The barrel of
the cock is either close or open at bottom. If close, it is either so cast or
made so by screwing, soldering, rivetting, milling, or otherwise fastning a
piece of metal on, over, or into the bottom of tho said barrel; and in such cocks
as have heads (that is to say) lock cocks, the head is either cast in a piece

page_text: with the barrel, or screwed, soldered, rivetted, milled, or otherwise fastned
thereto. The plug is confined to its bearing in the barrel of the cock by a
rivet, screw, or spring. In the above Drawings, which will more fully
elucidate this description, are represented three different kinds of cocks,
and a section of cach, shewing the inside plug, &c., with the manner
of applying the collars. But though only three cocks are shewn, yet the
collars may be applied to cocks of all kinds, sizes, & descriptions; likewise
any number of collars may be used to the same cock without departing in any
respect from the principle on which it is constructed.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Rudder, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Eighth day of March, in the thirty-third year
of the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third, by the grace
of God of Great Britain, France, and Ireland King, Defender of the
Faith, and so forth, and in the year of our Lord One thousand seven