IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Morgan-Brown, of the Firm of Brandon
and Morgan-Brown, Engineers and Patent Agents, of 38, South-
ampton Buildings, London, and 13, Rue Gaillon, Paris, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."-A commu-
nication from abroad by Samuel Thomes Thomas, of Gilford,
Belknap County, New Hampshire, United States of America.
Sealed the 29th July 1873, and dated the 19th February 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Morgan-Brown
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 19th February 1873.
I, WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN, of the Firm of Brandon and Morgan-
Brown, Engineers and Patent Agents, of 38, Southampton Buildings,
London, and 13, Rue Gaillon, Paris, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as
follows:-
:-
The Invention relates to details of construction of fancy looms, and
more nantionlaule to that class of huma bommand thaman

page_text: only uch part of the warp yarns are moved by the harness after each pick
as are required to be moved to form the next shed. In this loom there
are employed in combination with vertical jacks that operate the elevator
and depressor bars gear sectors having teeth meshing into teeth on the
jack bars, each of these sectors having a cam groove into which extends
a roll turning on a pin projecting from an arm of the corresponding
harness lever, the movements of the sectors effected by the rise and fall
of the jack bars operating the harness lever to change the warps and
form the shed; and in the present arrangement the vertical slide rods
that actuate the elevator and depressor bars are connected at their lower
ends to the outer ends of two rocker levers, having at their inner ends
pins which carry rolls entering into cam grooves in a cam cylinder on the
driving shaft, the rotation of the shaft causing these levers and the slide
rods to be directly actuated from the cam and driving shaft without
intervening gearing; while from the depressor bar projects a pin.
extending into a slot in one arm of a bent lever, whose other arm has
jointed to it the pawl that actuates the shaft of the pattern cylinder or
chain, each upward motion of the depressor bar after a shed is formed
and the shuttle is thrown raising the lever arm, pressing forward the
pawl, and actuating the pattern mechanism. Thus the depressor bar
not only aids in forming the shed, but also actuates the pattern
mechanism. It is in such an arrangement of the pattern and harness
operating mechanism that one part of the Invention consists, or in
combining with the jack-setting levers positioned by the chain and the
jack bars operated by the levers the springs for throwing down the
lever arms, and causing the pin to throw back the jack bars, and for
throwing the bars forward and keeping them against the pins. Also
in combining with the gear sectors and their slots for positively moving
the jack bars and harness levers and locking them in open shed position
mechanism for locking the jack bars in position laterally, so that each
is held in position relatively to the lifter or depressor bar, except when
moved by the pattern chain, and in combining with the gear sectors
and their slots for positively moving the jack bars and harness levers
and locking them in open shed position the pawl actuating lever
operated by the pin extending from the slide rod of the depressor bar.
Another part of the Invention consists in the arrangement of the
starting and stopping mechanism of the loom. The main shaft of the
loom is driven by a friction clutch and band pulley having a friction

page_text: surface that encompasses a friction cone on the wheel of a driving shaft,
the band pulley being thrown in to bind upon the friction cone by a
spring connected at one end to a lever, and at the other end to a fork,
this fork extending from a shaft having at its other end an arm which is
secured in a notch when the loom is running, the fork being then held
in such position that the stress of the spring keeps the pulley upon the
cone. To secure just friction enough to cause the friction cone to be
driven, the spring is connected to the lever by an adjusting screw by
turning a nut upon which the stress of the spring may be graduated so
as to vary the frictional contact of the wheels in accordance with the
power required to drive the loom. The same pressure that draws in the
lever throws from the friction cone a brake directly connected to the
lever by an arm, and when the notch arm is thrown from its notch the
stress of a spring throws the brake into contact with the wheel so as to
instantly stop the loom, the lever being simultaneously released from the
stress of the spring, and freeing the driving shaft wheel from the pressure
of the band pulley wheel.
Another part of the Invention relates to the arrangement of the drop
box mechanism. In such arrangement the boxes are operated by a
series of star or cam wheels, in cach of which is a star groove having
extending into it a pin from a pendant lever, the foot of said lever being
connected by a link with a sliding wedge, by movement of which in one
direction the drop boxes are raised, and by movement of which in the
opposite direction the boxes are depressed. The star wheels are loose
upon a shaft, and each is operated by a pawl acting against the teeth
of a ratchet on one side of the star wheel. The movement of each pawl is
determined by the pattern chain, the pawl being pressed forward by a
cam on a cam shaft, and returned by a weight or a spring. When the
pawl moves forward it turns the star wheel, the star groove in which
positively carries the pendant lever either outward (thereby drawing
outward the wedge connected to said lever, and raising the boxes the
height of one box) or inward (thereby enabling the boxes to fall one
box), the series of levers, star wheels, and wedges effecting the required
changes in the boxes, as demanded by the exigencies of the pattern, and
the levers being positively locked so that the boxes can be neither raised
nor lowered by them, except as they are directly actuated by the pawls
controlled by the pattern chain. Furthermore, the boxes are so con-
nected with the levers by which they are directly operated, and the.
☑

page_text: wedges which operate such levers, that the boxes are not only positively
raised but are positively drawn down instead of dropping by gravity,
there being thus no opportunity for any box to be out of position under
any circumstances, its movement being wholly controlled from the pattern
mechanism. In connection with such box motion a peculiar stop motion
is used for the boxes to arrest their movement instantly in case the weft
stop motion is operated. For this purpose, I use a set of levers which
have points resting against or standing above the cam shaft, the levers.
being raised by cams on the cam shaft, before the pawl cams begin to
operate the pawls. A vertical rod extending from each lever connects
with a bar that connects with the weft stop motion, and to this rod is
suspended the star wheel pawl, and as the cam raises the lever the pawl
will also be raised. As the lifter cams pass the levers the latter fall and
let down the pawls into engagement with the ratchet; but by the con-
nection with the weft stop motion the levers will be held up, and the
pawls kept up whenever the weft motion is operated, the pawls being
held above the teeth, so that when the pawls are pressed forward they
do not touch the ratchet, and of course the box motion is not operated.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Morgan-Brown in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 14th August 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
MORGAN-BROWN, of the Firm of Brandon and Morgan-Brown, Engineers
and Patent Agents, of 38, Southampton Buildings, London, and 13, Rue
Gaillon, Paris, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said William Morgan-Brown, Her special license
that I, the said William Morgan-Brown, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Morgan-Brown, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the

page_text: term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," a communication to me from abroad by Samuel
Thomes Thomas, of Gilford, Belknap County, New Hampshire, United
States of America, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
William Morgan-Brown, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Morgan-Brown, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say :—
The Invention relates to details of construction of fancy looms, and
more particularly to that class of looms termed "open shed," in which
only such part of the warp yarns are moved by the harness after each
pick as are required to be moved to form the next shed, the improve-
ments being however more or less applicable to other looms. In this
loom there are employed in combination with vertical jacks that operate
the elevator and depressor bars, gear sectors having teeth meshing into
teeth on the jack bars, each of these sectors having a cam groove into
which extends a roll turning on a pin projecting from an arm of the
corresponding harness lever, the movements of the sectors effected by
the rise or fall of the jack bars operating the harness lever to change the
warps and form the shed, and in the present arrangement the vertical
slide rods that actuate the clevator and depressor bars are connected at
their lower ends to the outer ends of two rocker levers having at their
inner ends pins which carry rolls entering into cam grooves in a cam
cylinder on the driving shaft, the rotation of the shaft causing these
levers and the slide rods to be directly actuated from the cam and
driving shaft without intervening gearing; while from the depressor bar
projects a pin extending into a slot in one arm of a bent lever, whose
other arm has jointed to it the pawl that actuates the shaft of the

page_text: pattern cylinder or chain, each upward motion of the depressor bar after
a shed is formed and the shuttle is thrown, raising the lever arm,
pressing forward the pawl, and actuating the pattern mechanism. Thus
the depressor bar not only aids in forming the shed, but also actuates
the pattern mechanism. It is in such an arrangement of the pattern and
harness operating mechanism that one part of the Invention consists, or
in combining with the jack setting levers positioned by the chain, and
the jack bars operated by the levers, the springs for throwing down the
lever arms and causing the pin to throw back the jack bars, and for
throwing the bars forward and keeping them against the pins. Also
in combining with the gears sectors and their slots for positively moving
the jack bars and harness levers and locking them in open shed position
mechanism for locking the jack bars in position laterally, so that each is
held in position relatively to the lifter or depressor bar, except when
moved by the pattern chain. And in combining with the gear sectors
and their slots for positively moving the jack bars and harness levers
and locking them in open shed position the pawl actuating lever
operated by the pin extending from the slide rod of the depressor bar.
Another part of the Invention consists in the arrangement of the
starting and stopping mechanism of the loom. The main shaft of the
loom is driven by a friction clutch and band pulley, having a friction
surface that encompasses a friction cone on the wheel of a driving shaft,
the band pulley being thrown into bind upon the friction cone by a
spring connected at one end to a lever, and at the other end to a fork,
this fork extending from a shaft, having at its other end an arm which
is secured in a notch when the loom is running, the fork being then
held in such position that the stress of the spring keeps the pulley upon
the cone to secure just friction enough to cause the friction conc to be
driven; the spring is connected to the lever by an adjusting screw by
turning a nut, upon which the stress of the spring may be graduated so
as to vary the frictional contact of the wheels in accordance with the
power required to drive the loom. The same pressure that draws in the
lever throws from the friction cone a brake directly connected to the
lever by an arm, and when the notch arm is thrown from its notch
the stress of a spring throws the brake into contact with the wheel so as
to instantly stop the loom, the lever being simultaneously released from
the stress of the spring and freeing the driving shaft wheel from the
pressure of the band pulley wheel.

page_text: Another part of the Invention relates to the arrangement of the drop
box mechanism. In such arrangement the boxes are operated by a
series of star or cam wheels, in each of which is a star groove having
extending into it a pin from a pendant lever, the foot of said lever
being connected by a link with a slide by movement of which in one
direction the drop boxes are raised, and by movement of which in the
opposite direction the boxes are depressed. The star wheels are loose
upon a shaft and each is operated by a pawl acting against the teeth of
a ratchet on one side of the star wheel. The movement of each pawl is
determined by the pattern chain, the pawl being pressed forward by a
cam on a cam shaft and returned by a weight, a weighted lever, or a
spring. When the pawl moves forward it turns the star wheel, the star
groove in which positively carries the pendent lever either outward
(thereby drawing outward the wedge connected to said lever and raising
the boxes the height of one box), or inward (thereby enabling the boxes
to fall one box), the series of levers, star wheels, and wedges effecting
the required changes in the boxes as demanded by the exigencies of the
pattern, and the levers being positively locked so that the boxes can be
neither raised nor lowered by them except as they are directly actuated
by the pawls controlled by the pattern chain. Furthermore, the boxes
are so connected with the levers by which they are directly operated
and the slides which operates such levers that the boxes are not only
positively raised, but are positively drawn down instead of dropping by
gravity, there being thus no opportunity for any box to be out of position
under any circumstances, its movement being wholly controlled from the
pattern mechanism. In connection with the box motion a peculiar
stop motion is used for the boxes to arrest their movement instantly in
case the weft stop motion is operated.
The Invention also embraces an improvement in the picker motion, an
arrangement of mechanism for stopping the loom when a shuttle is not
thrown or when shuttles are in opposite boxes, and an improvement in
the cam motion for cam levers, and a mechanism for oiling the hub of
the driving friction pulley, as will be fully set forth in the following
description of the Drawings.
Although all these improvements, except the harness motions, are to
be or may be embodied in one loom (which loom may have either of the
harness motions herein described), the improvements are shewn in
detailed figures for the better description and understanding thereof.

page_text: Figure 1 shews the mechanism in side elevation.
Figure 2 is a side view of the chain, one of the lifter and depressor
jack bars, and the cam slotted gear sector and harness lever connected
therewith.
Figure 3 is a view of the driving and clutch wheel mechanism.
a denotes the loom frame; b, the driving shaft; c, the harness levers;
d, the pattern chain; e, f, the elevator and depressor bars; g, h, the
vertical slide rods to which these bars are fixed; i, the vertical jack bars
operated by the elevator and depressor bars, the bars i having gear
racks k meshing into and turning gear sectors 7.. The sectors / are
mounted on a stationary pin or shaft m, and each has a cam slot n into
which extends a roll on a pin projecting from an arm o of a vertical
rocker lever c, these levers c being the harness levers and turning on a
stationary shaft or pin q, and carrying the harness levers which are fixed
to the harness cords r. Each jack bar is connected with and actuated
by a lever 8, the front arm of which is pressed toward the links of the
pattern chain by a spring, the normal position of these levers causing
them to hold the jack bars back, where their hooks or shoulders t will be
in the path of movement of the elevator bar e, and the position to which
either lever is brought when its arm is thrown up by a pin or button of
the pattern chain causing the lever to throw forward its jack bar,
bringing its front hook or shoulder u into the path of downward move-
ment of the depressor bar f. The slide rod that actuates the depressor
bar is jointed to the outer end of a rocker lever o turning on a fulcrum pin
w, and having extending from its inner arm a pin carrying a roll, which
enters into a cam groovej of a cam cylinder x on the driving shaft b,
and the slide rod g that actuates the elevator bar is jointed to the outer
end of another lever y turning on another pin 10³, and having extending
from its inner arm a pin carrying a roll which enters a cam groove z on
said cam cylinder x, the rotation of the cam shaft actuating the slide
rods and their elevator and depressor bars, and raising and lowering such
jacks as are brought to position to be distributed, or raised and lowered
by the pattern chain and the levers 8, the harness levers not changed
remaining stationary, kept in position by the presence of the pins a³ in
their cam slots n, and the levers carrying the harness warps to be

page_text: changed, being actuated by the action of their pins upon the cam slots
of their gear sectors, which sectors are operated by the rise or fall of
the jack bars to which they are connected.
The pattern chain is hung upon and operated by a shaft c², at the end
of which is a feed wheel d² having pins e² driven by an impelling
pawl f, the wheel being held in stationary position while the pawl
slides back by a detainer pawl g², the tooth of which engages with stop
notches h² on the periphery of the wheel d². The pawl få is jointed to
one arm of a lever k³ fulcrumed at 12, the other arm m³ of this lever
having a slot n² into which extends a pin o² extending from the slide
rod h, or from a collar p³ fixed to and adjustable upon said rod. While
the shed is forming the pattern chain is held stationary by the detainer
pawl g³, and when (after the shed has been formed and the shuttle
thrown) the elevator and depressor bars are respectively moved up and
down, the upward movement of the slide rod h of the depressor bar
causes the pin o² of said rod to throw up the lever arm m², thereby
throwing forward the other arm and the pawl lever f" jointed thereto,
causing the pawl to act against one of the pins e² of the feed wheel, and
carry forward the pattern chain, bringing it with certainty into position
to set the jack bars (to be set) by the same mechanism that carries the
elevator and depressor bars into position to raise or lower the bars so
sct. Each jack bar passes between a pin q² extending from the vertical
arm of the levers that actuates it, and a spring ² extending from the
lever, and the outer arm of the lever is pressed down to the pattern
chain by a spring 8. When the lever arm is raised by one of the pins
or buttons of the chain, the jack bar is thrown forward by the spring ²,
but its movement is limited by the pin q², the spring keeping the bar
against the pin, while the spring & keeps the pin from advancing
beyond the movement effected by the rise of the lever arm by the chain.
At all times when any jack lever is not raised by the pattern chain
the spring & holds it down, and causes the pin q² to hold the jack bar
back, the pressure of the jack in both directions being thus effected by
the respective springs, the two sets of springs maintaining the bars in
their normal position, and the spring ³ pressing the jack slightly
against the pin q², thus insuring accurate movements of the jack and
harness mechanism at very rapid speed of the loom, and guarding
against such damage to the mechanism as is liable to occur if the jack
bars are positively moved. The shaft 6 is driven by a friction clutch

page_text: are with relation to it. The flanges of each lever are relatively inclined,
and as either slide moves forward or back it moves the lever over it in a
vertical direction. The cam wheels 6* turn loosely upon the pin a³, and
are independent each from the others, and fixed to or forming part of
each is a ratchett, with which engages one of a series of pawls u*, said
pawls being suspended by wires * from a hook w, and their tail ends
lying in front of a plate y¹ on an arm z extending from the vertical arm
of a weighted lever a³, the plate being thrown forward by a cam 6º on
the shaft c³, and falling back by gravity. The tail end of each pawl has
a shoulder d³, and over the levers stand rods et having their upper ends
hooked and hung in bearings f³. Under the points go of the hooks is
the pattern card mechanism 75 hung on a prism or cylinder and
furnished with the pattern cards respectively punched in accordance
with the pattern to be woven. The card mechanism is attached to a
vertical slide rod k having an arm 15, a pin m³ at the end of which stands
over a cam n³ on the shaft co, the pattern mechanism being raised at
each rotation of the shaft c. The pawls u are held back to the plate y¹
by the stress of a weighted lever o³, except such as are held forward by
the ends of the rods e³ extending back of the shoulders d³. As the
shaft turns the cam no lifts the rod / and pattern cards, and when the
card reaches the points 95 of the hooks, the points of such hooks as
stand over holes in the card enter the card, and the pawls are not
disturbed, while such points as do not have holes to enter being struck
by the card are raised, and by their rise free the shoulders d from the
lower ends of the rods, permitting the pawls to slide back to the plate y*
by reason of the pressure of their levers. The continued rotative move-
ment of the shaft next brings the cam 6' against the arm, when all
the pawls thus let back are driven forward by the plate y*, and by their
forward movement turn the ratchets and the cam wheels fixed thereto,
each cam wheel being turned sufficiently to carry its pin d from one
angle of the cam notch to the next angle thereof, by which movement
of the pin the lever e' is positively swung inward or outward, throwing
the slide * connected to it in or out, said slide positively moving the
lever above it in a vertical direction, thereby raising or lowering the
boxes. As the levers are positively connected no rise or fall of the boxes
can take place except by the direct action of the slides, the extent of up
or down movement of the boxes being in accordance with the number
of slides moved and their direction of movement, and by this arrange-
ment the boxes can never be misplaced, but must always be in position

page_text: for movement of the proper shuttle in accordance with the exigencies of
the pattern.
To prevent injury to the mechanism in case of obstruction to the
descent of the boxes the rod nt is connected to the link m* by means of
a pin that passes under a latch & on one arm of a lever 1, the other
arm of which is acted upon by a spring u³. The face of the latch in
contact with the pin is inclined, and under strain the latch is pressed
back by the pressure of the pin and against the stress of the spring,
thus permitting the link to descend unaccompanied by the box rod. The
weft stop motion connected with the box motion is as follows:―The
mechanism constituting this "motion" is also seen in Figure 4; a*
denotes the rod acted upon by the dagger for the weft stop motion.
From one end of this rod extends an arm 6º, connected by a rod c³, with
an arm do extending from a vertical rod e, which rod turns in stationary
bearings fº, and has extending from it near its top an arm 9 (to the end
of which arm are hung the wires from which the pawls u are sus-
pended), and from its top a bent arm that extends behind the drag
pawl that actuates the pin wheel of the pattern card cylinder. At
the foot of the shaft or rod c" extends another arm to that normally rests
on the cylindrical end of a cam wheel ms on the cam shaft co. When
the dagger throws out the arm 22ª of the rod aª the arm 7 is thrown in,
and the rod co turns the rod or shaft e³, carrying the arm into the
plane of a peripheral cam o' on the cam wheel me, and this cam as it
rotates raises the arm &, and with it the rod eº, arm g, wires v', and
pawls u; and as the cam 6³ next drives forward the pawls they have no
effect upon the ratchets t*, and the cam wheels b* being held above or
out of contact with the ratchet teeth, and consequently no box is moved.
To also stop the pattern mechanism from moving the arm he is used, said
arm as the shaft e is turned by the rod throwing out the pawl ³, so
that although the rod is raised the pattern cylinder remains stationary.
Thus altogether the shaft at may continue to rotate, the boxes and the
box pattern mechanism are stopped. A side cam p restores the arm
mal nooition

page_text: Figure 5 shewing the mechanism in elevation, and Figure 6 shewing
a plan of it. a' denotes the lay; 67, the breast beam. In brackets c
extending from the latter the protecter rod & is supported, and upon
this rod is fixed an arm e' having at its end a pin f' that extends under
a spring g'. This spring has at its outer end a hook h', and at its inner
end it is fastened to the shipper lever 7. When the shuttle is in the
box the arm e' is thrown forward by the shuttle binder, as seen by the
full lines in Figure 5, and in this position it holds the hook h' in such
position that as the lay beats back an arm 7 extending from the lay
strikes the hook h³, and by strain upon the hook draws over shipper
lever, throwing the shipper handle from its notch and knocking off the
lever, while if no shuttle be in the box the spring throws the arms e³, 17,
into the position shewn by the dotted lines, and the hook h' is below.
the path of movement of the arm k extending from the lay. The
spring 9' may be held in place by a slotted plate m' extending from the
breast beam.
The mechanism embodying the next part of the Invention, which
relates to the picker motion, is shewn in Figures 7 and 8. as denotes
the cam shaft that operates the picker cams; 68 is the cam plate fixed
on the said shaft; is the shuttle or picker cam; d³ is the shuttle
or picker shaft; e, the shuttle or picker roll turning on a pin extending
from one arm of the shuttle or picker lever, the other arm f³ being
connected to the picker stick 9 by the picker stick ³ in the ordinary
manner; all these parts in fact operating substantially as in other looms,
but to arrest the shuttle before it reaches the end of the box a peripheral
plate extends from the cam plate 6³, as seen at Figures 7 and 8.
When the shuttle is thrown the roll es rests against this plate, thereby
holding the picker stick in the position shewn in Figure 8, which
position it maintains during the rotation of the cam, until the end k³ of
the plate reaches the roll. The roll e³ will then drop to the cam plate,
thereby permitting the picker strip to be moved back by the picker
stick spring to the position seen by the dotted lines, so that the points
of the shuttles will clear the picker stick as the shuttle boxes move up
or down.
The mechanism embracing the next part of the Invention relates
to the cam mechanism for anarating the hamnarea l

page_text: shaft, or a complete rotation at each rotation of the crank shaft, the
cam shaft has an intermittent rotative movement imparted to it, so
that it is moved to effect the change of shed during one half of a
rotation of the cam shaft, remaining stationary during the remainder
of said movement. While the harnesses stand on an open shed and
the shuttle is passing through the cams stand still instead of continuing
their movement, and by these means saving in wear is effected, and the
number of picks may be doubled as the part of each cam circumferance
which by a continuous movement is lost may be utilized by the inter-
mittent movement.
=
In the Drawing a denotes the crank shaft; 6º, the cam shaft, upon
which are fixed any suitable number of cams c° into the cam grooves,
in which enter the pins d' extending from the arms e' of the several
harness levers ƒ³. On one end of the cam shaft is fixed a wheel g°
having peripheral notches 7º, and extending from its side pins & a crank
pin on the end of the crank shaft a intermittently engaging with
these pins so as to impart movement to the wheel 9, shaft 6º, and
cams c³, leaving the cams stationary after the crank pin passes out
of action with the pins 2, or during one half of the rotation of the
crank shaft immediately after the harness levers have been moved, and
the change of shed is thereby effected. The cams are held stationary
by a catch pawl which locks into the peripheral notches of the
wheel gº.
The next part of the Invention (shewn in Figures 10 and 11) relates
to provision for oiling the hub of the clutch pulley that drives the loom.
In the common construction the clutch or friction pulley is mounted
upon an end extension of the shaft that carries the cone pulley, the
shaft extending through the clutch pully, and oil being applied to the
shaft at the outer end of the hub of the clutch pulley. In this
Invention the shaft is not extended through the hub of the friction
pulley, but between the end of the shaft and the end of the hub a small
oil chamber is formed or left, there being at the end of the chamber
a flange or web having a central and tapering pivot and oil hole. Into
this tapering pivot hole extends a conical and tubular pivot, which is
at the end of a pin that extends through the clutch lever, this pivot
projecting directly from a flange into which extends a vertical oil
passage leading into the axial oil hole bored through the pivot. Oil

page_text: dropped into the vertical oil hole passes into and through the conical
pivot to and into the oil chamber, from which it will flow to and only
to the end of the shaft upon which the friction pulley runs, and to the
bearing surfaces of the pivot and pivot socket; a denotes the cone
pulley fast upon the shaft 610; c, denotes the end of the shaft beyond
the pulley a", which shaft extends into the hub d of the clutch
pulley e¹. Beyond the end of the shaft the hub is made with the
web having the central oil hole f" terminating in a tapering
socket go, and between the web and the end of the shaft is left a small
space ¹, constituting an oil chamber. Into the socket 910 enters the
conical pivot at the inner end of a pin 4 extending through the
clutch lever, this pin being stationary and fastened by a screw m¹º.
The pivot is made with an axial oil passage 12" leading through the
pivot and into the bottom of a vertical oil passage o" which extends
from the other passage n° through a flange p¹. The oil is poured into
this passage o¹ and runs into and through the pivot to the chamber h¹º,
from which it runs to the surface of the shaft and of the pivot, only
enough oil passing to the pivot to lubricate it. From the lever 71º
extends the fork q₁ that enters the groove 2010 of the hub of the clutch
pulley, and when the lever is pressed in to engage the pulley and cone
the pivot 10 is forced into the socket and the friction comes upon the
lubricated pivot and not upon the fork. By the arrangement of the
oil passages and the frictional surfaces, as described, the outer surfaces
of the pulley are always free from oil, and no oil can be thrown into
contact with the work upon the loom or other machine with which the
pulley is connected.
Having now described and particularly set forth the nature of the
said Invention, and the manner of carrying the same into effect, I would
have it understood that what I claim is :-
1. In combination with the jack setting levers positioned by the
chain, and the jack bars operated by the levers, springs for throwing
down the lever arms and causing the pins to throw back the jack bars,
and for throwing the bars forward and keeping them against the pins,
all substantially as shewn and described.
2. In combination with the gear sectors and their slots for positively
moving the jack bars and harness levers and locking them in open
shed position, mechanism for locking the jack bars in position laterally,

page_text: arrangement of the parts being substantially as shewn in Figures
10 and 11.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Morgan-Brown, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of August, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three.
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN. (L.S.)