Improvements in Roofing-tiles to Prevent Stripping by Wind and the Admission of Rain and Snow.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Feb., 1887
Complete Left, 4th Nov., 1887
Complete Accepted, 6th Dec., 1887
Improvements in Roofing-tiles to Prevent Stripping by Wind and
the Admission of Rain and Snow.
1, EDWARD YOUNG POOLE, of Mountview, Milton Road, Weston super Mare
in the County of Somerset, Draughtsman &c., do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
Whereas it has been found a defect in most tiles that for want of a sufficient
protection the wind gets under the lap of the tiles, and turning them over soon strips
the roof.
For the same reason rain, and especially snow are driven by the wind under the
lap of the tile during a gale, and falls upon the upper part of the ceiling of the
house.
I propose to remedy this defect by placing front and back fillets in combination to
protect the lap.
.
Not only does a fillet at the bottom of the tile dip over a fillet at the top of the
under tile, but I also protect the entrance of the lap by another fillet a little less in
height than the back one.
Preferably I make the back three eights of an inch or thereabouts and the front a
quarter of an inch or thereabouts.
The front fillet may be moulded.
To prevent the water lodging at the back of the front fillet running across the tile,
small openings are made protected in front by raised ornaments.
I also take advantage of the side fillet lying under the roll for the purpose of
making perforations to admit of strong wire being inserted to hook the lower part of
the tile onto the batten. By this method no water can by any chance get through
these holes as the fillet is raised half an inch above the bed of the tile, and after being
tied down is covered over by the roll of the next tile, and it is a great advantage in
being able to tie down the lower part of the tile thus.
The way I propose fastening the tile is by bending a strong piece of wire into the
form of a square crook having one limb longer than the other. The long limb is

page_text: passed down through the lower hole and through a hole in the upper part of the
under tile, the small limb going into the second hole. The long limb is then bent
round the under side of the batten and thus thoroughly secures the tile. The holes.
being covered by the side roll of the next tile as aforesaid.
To enable the wire to pass through the upper part of the tile and to be close to the
upper side of the batten, the top fillet is made much wider so as to keep the hanging
nibs as far back as required, so that the hole may go through the raised surface and
not through the bed of the tile.
To prevent the excessive dip from one tile to the other the bottom of the tile is
stepped so that snow may not lodge against the entrance to the lap, the lower step
having its edge rounded over to meet the top of the front fillet.
The side roll is bent over at the bottom so as to cover the end of the side fillet, one
half covers the fillet to the bed of the under tile, and the other half rests on the lower
step at the bottom of the tile. By this rebate joint the fillets at the bottom under
sides of the tiles are continuous along the roof.
On the underside of the middle roll is a tie piece just above the lap to strengthen
the tile and to prevent the roll splitting in drying.
These improvements are shewn in the drawings as applied to my Bonding roll
roofing tiles the subject of a former patent, and this application I consider preferable
to all others, but I also claim that they may be applicable to other roll and fillet
tiles.
Fig. 1. is the upper side of the tile. a-is the back fillet. b-is the side fillet.
c-is the front fillet (and this is continued down the sides of the rolls for uniformity.)
d-d-are small openings covered by raised ornaments. e-holes in side fillet with
sinkage to admit the wire for securing the tile to batten. -the upper hole for the
long limb of crook to pass through. -the side-roll to cover fillet. h-step at
bottom of tile to lessen sudden dip. i-the rebate joint of fillet with roll.
Fig. 2 is the under side of the tile. k. shews the rebate joint at the bottom of
the roll. is the tie pieces to strengthen the middle roll. m m m m. are the
hanging nibs shewn in their required position.
Figs. 3-4. are part sections full size shewing lap-n-is the side fillet with holes
and sinkage. -is the wire hook. p-is the covering roll of the next tile-q-q-
the battens. - the hanging-nib-s-the upper part of the middle roll.
Fig. 4-is a section through the bed of the tiles--is the back fillet. u-the front
fillet. the dipping fillet.
Dated this Eighteenth day of February 1887.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Roofing Tiles to Prevent Stripping by Wind and
the Admission of Rain and Snow.
I, EDWARD YOUNG POOLE, of Mountview, Milton Road, in the town of Weston
super Mare, in the county of Somerset, Draughtsman, &c., do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
Whereas it has been found a defect in most tiles, that for want of a proper pro-
tection the wind gets under the lap of the tiles and turning them over soon strips
the roof. My "Bonding roll" tiles patented November 1873, were not quite free
from this defect, and rain and snow were driven under the lap during a gale.
One way I propose to remedy this defect is by placing front and back fillets in
combination to protect the lap of my "Bonding roll" tiles aforesaid.
Not only does a fillet at the bottom of the tile dip over the fillet at the top of the
under tile, but I also protect the entrance of the lap by another fillet a little less in
height than the back one, (the front being about two thirds the height of the back,)
and may be moulded or plain.
Small ducts are made in the cross fillet to drain the water from the back, which
ducts may be varied in form and position, and are protected in front by a raised
ornament.
I also take advantage of the side fillet lying under the roll, for the purpose of
making perforations to admit of strong wire being inserted to hook the lower part of
the tile on to the batten. By this method no water can by any chance get through
these holes, as the fillet is raised about half an inch above the bed of the tile, and after
being tied down it is covered over by the roll of the next tile.
The way I purpose fastening the tile is by bending a strong piece of wire into the
form of a square crook having one limb longer than the other. The long limb is
passed down through the hole at the lower part of the fillet of the upper tile and
through a hole in the fillet across the upper part of the under tile. The small limb
going into the second hole in the fillet. (A groove between these holes receiving
the wire.) The long limb is then bent round the underside of the batten, and thus
thoroughly secures the tiles. The holes being covered by the side roll of the next tile
as aforesaid.
To enable the wire to pass through the upper part of the tile and to be close to
the upper side of the batten, the top fillet is made much wider so as to keep the
hanging nibs as far back as is required, and so that the hole may go through the
raised surface, and not through the bed of the tile.
To prevent the excessive dip from one tile to the other the bottom of the tile may
be stepped or moulded as preferred, with rounded edges.
The side roll is bent over at the bottom so as to cover the end of the side fillet, and
together form a vertical and horizontal rebate joint, so that the under fillets are
continuous along the roof.
On the underside of the middle roll is a tie piece above the lap to strengthen the
tile and to prevent the roll splitting in drying.
Although the middle roll is shewn, to give continuous lines of rolls on the roof,

page_text: this roll may be shorter as in the "Bonding roll tile aforesaid, and thus break the
lines, in which case, the top of the roll may be ornamented to taste.
These improvements are shewn in the drawings, as applied to my "Bonding roll"
roofing tiles the subject of a former patent November 1873, but the method of tying
down to the battens, may be applied to other tiles having raised fillets; or other parts
above the bed of the tiles-for instance it can be applied to tiles having a fillet on
each side and a roll in the middle, in which case the wire would link the two fillets
together and be covered by the middle roll-as for example what are called "French"
tiles, tapering towards the bottom and breaking joint.
F
I do not claim the exclusive use of the fillets as a protection against the admission
of rain and snow excepting in the case of my "Bonding roll" tiles aforesaid.
In the drawings deposited with the provisional specification, and which also will
apply to the complete specification,
Fig. 1. is the upper side of the tile. a.-is the back' fillet. b. is the side fillet.
c, the front fillets (also continued down the side of the rolls for uniformity.) d.-d.-
small ducts protected in front by raised ornaments.) e. holes in side fillet with
groove to admit the wire for securing the tile to batten. f.-the upper hole for the
long limb of the wire crook to pass through the broad upper fillet. 9-the side roll
to cover fillet. h.-the stepped or moulded-edge to lessen sudden dip. i. the vertical
and horizontal rebate joint formed by side roll and fillet.
Fig. 2. is the under side of the tile. k. shews the rebate joint at the bottom of
roll. is the tie piece to strengthen the middle roll. m, m, m, m, are the hanging
nibs shewn in their required positions.
Fig. 3. is a section through the side fillet and roll shewing the covering of the
holes by the roll. n.-is the fillet shewing the holes and groove. o. is the wire
crook bent round batten. p.-is the side roll. q.-the batten. 7.-the nib. 5.-the
middle roll.
Fig. 4. is a section through the bed of the tiles. q.-is the batten. r.-the nib.
t.-the broad (or back) fillet across the upper part of tile. .-the front fillet to
cover entrance of lap. v.-is the lower or dipping fillet, with the edge of the tile
stepped or moulded.
:
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. Improvements in roofing tiles to prevent stripping by wind, by means of a
strong wire crook passed through the fillet or raised portion of the tile, and covered
by the roll of the next tile, thus fully securing the tile to the batten.
2. A broad fillet at the upper part of the tile to project the nibs so as to allow
the wire to lie close to the batten, and to pass down through the raised part of the
tile, (instead of the bed).
"
3. The application of a back fillet, front fillets, and dipping fillet, to Poole's
Bonding roll" roofing tiles patented November 1873, as a means of preventing the
admission of rain and snow, without prejudice to any prior application of any similar
parts, in their simple forms, to other tiles.
4. The vertical and horizontal rebate joint formed at the bottom of the side fillet
and roll.
5. A tie piece to strengthen the middle roll to prevent its splitting in drying.
All substantially as described in the subject matter, and illustrated by the
drawings.
Dated this 29th day of October 1887