Improvements relating to the Dyeing of Fibre.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 24th July, 1894-Accepted, 25th Aug., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by Dr. MARTIN EDWARD WALDSTEIN and
Dr. ARNOLD HENRI PETER, both of the City of New York, Chemists, and
EDWARD SPOTT, of Brooklyn, Dyer, both in the State of New York, United
States of America.]
Improvements relating to the Dyeing of Fibre.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent
Agents, 45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates especially to that class of dyeing in which stannic acid or
oxide is used.
In describing my invention I shall hereafter use the words "stannic acid" but I
wish to be understood to mean by those words "stannic acid or oxide."
Stannic acid is largely used in dyeing and a common mode is to use it in the
form of tetra chloride of tin to cause the stannic acid to fasten on or in the fibre
being dyed. The stannic acid thus retained by the fibre in time renders the
fibre brittle and rotten; and it becomes to a greater or less extent destroyed and
unfit for use.
The injurious action of the stannic acid on the fibre I have found can be entirely
overcome by treating the fibre, subjected to this stannic acid process of dyeing,
with a chemical which will combine with the stannic acid in such a manner as to
form an insoluble or sparingly soluble salt, whereby all the benefits of the stannic
acid process are preserved while the injurious action does not occur.
The chemical which I use to thus neutralize as it were, the stannic acid is, what
is known as an oxide of a metal, in one of the following forms:
1st. As a soluble salt of an organic acid.
2nd. As a soluble salt of an inorganic acid in an alkaline solution.
3rd. As oxide or hydroxide in basic state.
4th. As a double salt.
It should be clearly understood that my process is carried out in the stannic
acid process of dyeing which is carried on in the usual way. My process being a
separate step and having as above explained in view the object of neutralizing the
injurious effects of such stannic acid process on fibre subjected thereto.
One way in which my invention can be carried out, and which I have found
highly satisfactory, is the following:
After passing the fibre through the tin salts which is used for this purpose, the
fibre is then passed through a bath (constituting my improvement in this process
of dyeing) which said bath is composed of a soluble salt of barium, made alkaline,
preferably by ammonia; or through a bath composed of acetate of lead.
Of course it is understood that the ammoniacal solution of barium, or the
solution of organic salt of lead just spoken of, are only illustrative of my process.
Any other salt, coming within the description heretofore given, can be substituted
for those named in this paragraph.
It is well known that some metals form with stannic acid, soluble salts. Of
course my invention does not relate to those, and I desire to be understood as
including only the metals which will combine with stannic acid, forming only
insoluble or very sparingly soluble salts.

page_text: The quantity of the oxide of the metal used in preparing this neutralizing bath
is immaterial, because the action taking place; when the fibre which has been
treated by the stannic acid process is submitted to this bath, is a true combination,
and the fibre will only take up enough of the neutralizing chemical to effect the
change in the stannic acid above spoken of. It is therefore only necessary to see
that there is enough of the neutralizing chemical in the bath.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated
to me by my foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The process of treating fibre, consisting in immersing it in a suitable stannic
acid solution, and then subjecting it to the action of a metallic oxide, which will
form with stannic acid a salt insoluble or sparingly soluble in water, alkaline or
acid solutions, such as lead acetate, and then dyeing the same, substantially as
described.
2. The process of treating fibre which consists in first immersing it in a suitable
stannic acid bath, and in then subjecting it to the action of acetate of lead, and in
then dyeing the same, substantially as described.
Dated thig 24th day of July 1901
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.