Improvements in and connected with Elastic or Pneumatic Wheel Tyres for Velocipedes and other Wheeled Vehicles.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 6th May, 1893-Accepted, 24th June, 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Elastic or Pneumatic Wheel
Tyres for Velocipedes and other Wheeled Vehicles.
I FREDERICK CHARLES NOAR of 12 Church Street, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Wholesale Clothier, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying
drawings:-
My said invention relates to that type of elastic or pneumatic wheel tyre in which
an inflated air bag is confined within an outer cover which latter is secured firmly
to the wheel rim.
My invention will be best understood from a description of the annexed sheet of
illustrative drawings.
Fig. 1 shows separate sectional views of the members composing the improved
wheel rim and cover, the crown ring being marked a; the base ring and the
cover d.
Fig. 2 is a complete section to an enlarged scale of my improved wheel tyre as it
appears when the parts are put together and the air bag e is inflated.
Fig. 3 is partly a side elevation and partly a longitudinal section of a portion of
the tyre as shown in cross section at Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 illustrates the lap joint for connecting the ends of the base ring b which
forms a part of the rim.
b
The wheel rim is composed of two rings, namely the crown ring a and the base
ring b. Both of these rings are rolled or drawn to the required sectional shape as
shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The crown ring a which is preferably rigid is formed with
turned over hooked edges a' a¹, the base ring b is made with a flat or it might be
slightly curved back or base 6 and with upwardly and inwardly turned edges
The result of this formation is that when the two rings are put together, the
edges a a¹ and enclose an enlarged or undercut annular space with a narrow
mouth as clearly seen at Fig. 2. It will be evident that if both rings were rigid, it
would be difficult or impossible to get the base ring over and its edges within the
crown ring a. Therefore I break the continuity of the base ring by a suitable
joint such for example as the joint shown at Fig. 4. I rivet, braize or otherwise
fix a screwed stud c near the interrupted end of the ring band form a tongue & on
the other overlapping end of the ring. The tongue 6 is slotted to receive the
stud c.
The slot might stop short of the end as shown or it might be carried
through the end. This joint in the ring permits the ends to slide past each other
so as to permit of the increase of the circumference of the ring b sufficiently to
allow it to pass over the outer circumference of the ring a.
It can then be pressed or allowed to spring inwards so as to let the edges 61 1
enter the hollow back of the crown ring a. The outer cover d of any suitable
material has its edges dd formed with enlargements which might be of hardened
rubber if the cover is of rubber, or they might be formed by the introduction or
application of other material so as to give the requisite enlargement and hold fast at
the edges. In some cases the inner side of the cover might be made with tongues d²
as shown in Fig. 24, which are meant to bridge over the space between the folded
edge of the base ring and the inner side of the cover and so prevent all possible
contact of the air bag with the said folded edge of the base ring. When applying
the cover d the collapsed or deflated air bag e is placed therein and also the base
ring b, which is then expanded so as to pass over the ring a. The enlarged
edges d' d' of the cover are then placed in the crown ring a and the base ring bis
pressed or allowed to spring inwards so that the edges enter the hollow back

page_text: of the crown ring a. The enlarged edges d¹ d¹ of the cover d are thus held and
confined in the recesses formed by the turned over or hooked edges a' a' of the
crown ring in conjunction with the edges b'' of the base ring.
The air bag e is then inflated and the pressure forces the edges of the base ring
as far as possible into the hollow back of the crown ring thus securely nipping and
holding the enlarged edges d¹ d¹ of the cover d.
When all is as taut as possible the parts are bound securely in position by
screwing up the nut c¹ on the screw stud c. The great advantage of this arrange-
ment is, that even if the tyre is punctured so as to allow the air to escape from the
bag e, still the cover cannot escape from the rim, as the enlarged edges d' d' are
positively held and maintained in their position between the crown ring a and the
base ring b. This positive hold upon the cover prevents accidents, as the cover
cannot fly from the tyre and so entangle the wheel and throw the rider as frequently
happens in the case of tyres the cover of which is not so positively held to the rim.
Another great advantage is that the base ring b presents a nearly flat platform or
base to the inflated bag e, so that the said bag is not confined or nipped between
any obstructing surfaces and is not brought into contact with any sharp edges or
corners which might chafe or cut the bag. In addition to this advantage, if the
bag should become deflated from any accidental cause such for example as cutting
or puncturing, the rider may still proceed on his machine, since the flat base
presents a periphery which will not cut or destroy the air bag or cover.
I am also of opinion that the flat base gives advantages in speed or at least
exercises less retarding influence than in the case of a base of a sharply curved or
angular section.
The formation of the joint of the base ring might be varied as there is nothing
essential in the particular description of joint I have specified, so long as there is a
sliding joint capable of being secured in position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
1) In pneumatic wheel tyres securing the edges of the outer cover, containing
the air bag, to the wheel rim, by forming the rim of two portions or rings the edges
of the said rings being so shaped as to present (when put together) annular undercut
or confining side recesses, which confine and retain the enlarged edges of the cover
with a positive hold which is not relaxed or lost should the air bag become
accidentally punctured or deflated, substantially as described and shown.
2) The improved construction of pneumatic wheel tyre rim, consisting in forming
the rim in two portions namely the crown ring a with inwardly turned hook
edges a a' and the collapsable and expandable base ring with inwardly and
upwardly turned edges and a flat base or nearly flat base to lie in contact with
the air bag the said two rings when placed together forming annular undercut side
recesses which confine and positively hold the enlarged edges of the cover substan-
tially as described and shown.
3) The collapsable and expandable base ring for the indicated purpose formed
as described and severed at a point in its circumference so as to make a lap or
other suitable sliding joint secure: when in position by convenient means such for
example as a bolt substantially as described and shown.
Dated this 5th der of Mov 1893
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5, John Dalton Street, Manchester, Agents.