A Petroleum Burner for Incandescent Lighting and for Heating.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Oct., 1897-Accepted, 5th Feb., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Petroleum Burner for Incandescent Lighting and for Heating.
I, MORITZ BERNSTEIN, of 6, Brandenburgstrasse, Berlin, Germany, Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
The incandescent burners for petroleum lamps actually in use are inconvenient
because their flame only attains the necessary degree of heat for the incandescence
about 3 or 5 minutes after being lighted. The small quantity of heat developed
during this lapse of time which is comparatively long, is not capable of gasifying
the combustible completely. A partial development of soot is consequently inevit-
able, for which reason the very delicate incandescent body becomes completely
dirty after serving for a comparatively short time. These inconveniences explain
the reason why incandescent burners for petroleum lamps are till now of no
practical use.
By the present invention the intensity of the light is increased and these incon-
veniences are overcome in the following way:
The heat thrown by the flame increases, owing to the special construction of the
burner, so quickly that the body almost immediately after lighting, becomes
incandescent almost instantaneously. A petroleum burner which can be employed
as advantageously for incandescent lighting as for heating and cooking (in this
case with or without an incandescent body), is shown in the annexed drawing,
Fig. 1 being a vertical section of the burner and Fig. 2 a vertical section of the
same burner modified, whilst Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 are different forms of con-
struction of the tube placed inside the wick-holder.
The properly-so-called burner may have one of the well-known forms of
construction.
a represents the interior wick-holder; b, the outside wick-holder; c, the wick;
, the wick regulator; e, the side opening for the admission of air into the
interior; f, the basket of the burner; 9, the gallery of the chimney; h, the
chimney and i, i the conducting sockets in which the conducting rods k, k slide
which are fixed to the gallery g, when the latter is raised or lowered, in order to
light the wick by means of one of the lifting arrangements already known. This
arrangement which is of no consequence, is not shown here.
In the interior of the wick holder one of the specially constructed tubes, as
shown in Figs. 3-9 is fixed, these tubes which are provided with notches and
perforations are intended to divide the combustion air which enters through the
side opening e into the interior wick holder a and to cause it to whirl at the same
time.
The notches or perforations of these tubes are in straight lines or broken lines
alternating with one another and the tubes are provided on their outside with
straight or zigzag ribs and at their upper part with perforated caps dividing the
flame. These tubes are preferably stamped out of one piece of sheet bent at the
middle in the form of a socket. Owing, to the perforated caps, a division and a

page_text: whirling of air is produced which greatly helps its mixing with the upper com-
bustion gas. On the upper extremity of the burning tube a Fig. 1, the flame
divider n and the expanding cap o are fixed; the latter being in the form of a
mushroom and firmly fitted to the flame divider. They are both provided with
perforation n and o³. The divider n is fixed directly above the wick c.. A part
of the combustion air coming in large quantities accumulates in the cap o, is
heated in it and continually supplies the interior of the cone with fresh air. Con-
centrical with this upper part of the burner a cylindrical jacket 2 in the form of a
basket is arranged and fixed at 21 to the gallery 7 which bears the support for
the incandescent mantle r whose lower extremity is slipped over the edge of p.
This jacket contains a number of small vertical tubes arranged in a circle, which
are kept together at the top and bottom by hollow horizontal rings p². All the
small tubes are perforated on the inside and outside. According to Fig. 2 a
jacket is used perforated with numerous holes t'.
The perforated jacket, in the same way as the expanding cap o assembles the
combustion-air coming from the outside through the perforations in the gallery g
of the burner, heats it and thus transmits it to the outside surface of the cone of
the flame. By the simultaneous action of the expanding cap o and the jacket p
a pure flame of excessive heating power is- produced almost immediately after
lighting, the effect of which is still considerably increased by the accumulation of
metallic masses which, in the form of the expanding cap o and the jacket p
surround the cone of the flame inside and outside.
According to the examples given in the drawing and in view of the lighting of
the flame, the gallery of the burner with the chimney of the lamp and the incan-
descent body is arranged in such a way as to be removable. I reserve the rights
of constructing the burner also without a system for removing the gallery, and of
placing, instead of this, in the basket of the burner, a lighting hole which can be
shut by a valve or a sliding door, through which hole one can reach the upper edge
of the wick with a match.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A petroleum burner for incandescent lighting and for heating distinguished
by the fact that the cone of the flame, produced by the perforated flame divider n,
is surrounded with perforated hollow bodies or jackets o p which accumulate the
combustion-air and convey it in a heated state to the flame.
2. A petroleum burner according to Claim 1 in which a perforated capped tube
(Figs. 39) is placed in the inside of the interior wick-holder a, with the object of
dividing the combustion air which passes through and to cause it to whirl, in order
to be mixed with the upper combustion gas and to produce thus the incandescence
of the mantle.
3. A petroleum burner for incandescent lighting and for heating substantially
as described and shown.
D 1
001
1
P
1000