Improvements in Steam Generators.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Dec., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 27th Aug., 1888-Accepted, 22nd Oct., 1898
Improvements in Steam Generators.
We, JOHN HENRY TANGYE, of Cornwall Works, Soho, in the County of Stafford,
Mechanical Engineer, and WILLIAM JOINSON, the Younger, of No. 33, Beeches
Road, West Bromwich, in the County of Stafford, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention consists of the constructions and arrangements hereinafter
described of the parts of steam generators whereby ateam is rapidly and econo-
mically obtained and the loss of time involved in the ordinary methods of raising
steam avoided.
In constructing a steam generator according to our invention we proceed as
follows. We form preferably of copper an oblong vaporiser, the said vaporiser
consisting of a strong zig-zag tube at one end of which the water to be vaporised
is introduced, the steam produced passing out at the other end. The walls of
the zig-zag tubing are much thicker than the walls of ordinary tubing the in-
ternal diameter of the tubing being much smaller than the thickness of the
walls of the tubing. We prefer to employ these generators in pairs, side by side.
The water to be vaporized is supplied under pressure from a pipe common to the
two vaporisers, the steam produced being conducted away from the vaporisers
by a common pipe. The water under pressure is supplied to the vaporisers by
a pump; or the water may be forced under pressure from a tank by compressed
air, the air being compressed by an air compressing pump. The vaporisers are
surmounted by a heated coil arranged preferably in a conical for, through which
coil the steam formed passes and in which its temperature is raised so that the
said steam is both dried and superheated. The internal diameter of the tubing
of the said coil is preferably six or seven times that of the tubing of the vapor-
isers. The vaporisers and coil are fixed in a gas or other furnace the heat from
which first acts on the vaporisers and afterwards on the coil.
The action of the generator is as follows. The vaporisers are heated by the
furnace to so high a temperature that the water forced into them is nearly or
wholly converted into steam before it reaches the exit pipe which delivers the
steam into the coil in which it is further heated and thereby dried and super-
heated and conducted to and actuates a steam engine, or is applied to other pur
poses where dry superheated steam is required.
We do not limit ourselves to the making of the vaporisers of the zig-zag shape
described but we prefer that shape as enabling us to make our steam generator
very compact. The rapidity and regularity with which the injected water is
converted into ateam renders a reservoir for storing the steam renders a reser-
voir for storing the steam unnecessary. Our steam generator is consequently
especially applicable for supplying steam for working steam engines in places
where the space available is limited.
Where necessary or desirable a steam reservoir may be employed.
1
V: th Java Dacomber 1897

page_text: ABOUT Generators.
We, JOHN HENRY TANGYE, of Cornwall Works, Soho, in the County of Stafford,
Mechanical Engineer, and WILLIAM JOHNSON, the Younger, of No. 33, Beeches
Road, West Bromwich, in the County of Stafford, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of our invention and in what manner the sume is to be per-
formed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
Our invention consists of the constructions and arrangements hereinafter
described of the parts of steam generators whereby steam is rapidly and econo-
mically obtained and the loss of time involved in the ordinary method of raising
steam avoided
In constructing a steam generator according to our invention we proceed as
follows. We form, preferably of copper, an oblong vaporizer the said vaporizer
consisting of a strong zig-zag tube at one end of which the water to be vaporized
is introduced, the steam produced passing out at the other end. The walls of
the zig-zag tubing are much thicker than the walls of ordinary tubing the in-
ternal diameter of the tubing being much smaller than the thickness of the
walls of the tubing. We prefer to employ these generators in pairs, side by side.
The water to be vaporized is supplied, under pressure from a pipe common to the
Two vaporizers, the steam produced being conducted away from the vaporizers
by a common pipe. The water under pressure is supplied to the vaporizers by
a pump; or the water may be forced under pressure from a tank by compressed
air, the air being compressed by an air compressing pump. The vaporizers are
surmounted by a heated coil arranged preferably in a conical form, through which
coil the steam formed passes and in which its temperature is raised so that the
said steam is both dried and superheated. The internal diameter of the tubing
of the said coil is preferably six or seven times that of the tubing of the vapor-
izera. The raporizers and coil are fixed in a gas or other furnace the heat from
which first acts on the vaporizers and afterwards on the coil.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing represents in vertical section a steam
generator constructed according to our invention and Figure 2 represents, one
in plan and the other in horizontal section, the vaporizers of the same and a
portion of the conical coil in which the steam generated in the vaporizers ascends
and is dried and super-heated.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in both figures of the
drawings.
aa are the vaporizers of which preferably two are employed and b is the pipe
by which water under pressure is delivered at one end into the said vaporizers.
The said vaporizers a, a are highly heated by the flames of two lamps c, c situated
immediately under them and the steam generated by the heat of the vaporizers
passes out at the other end of the vaporizers into the lower end of a vertical
conical coil d. At the lowest point in the said coil d is a tap or stop-cock e by
which water not evaporated in passing through the vaporizer a, a or condensing
in the coil d may be drawn off.
It will be seen by an examination of Figure 2 that the bore or internal
diameter of the zig-zag passage in the vaporizers a, a is much less than the thick-
ness of the metal of the said vaporizers, consequently only a fine stream of water
is admitted into the highly heated vaporizers which water is rapidly converted
into steam and delivered into the coil d the internal diameter of which is pre-
ferably six or seven times that of the internal diameter of the vaporizers. The

page_text: vaporizers a, a and conical coil d are enclosed in a double walled casing, the
space between the walls of which is filled with packing g of asbestos or other
non-conductor of heat. The heated air and products of combustion are allowed
to escape from the interior of the casing by a hole or holes in the top of the
same.
The action of the generator is as follows. The vaporizers a, a are heated by
the flames of the lamps c, e to so high a temperature that the water forced into
the said vaporizers is wholly or mainly converted into steam before it reaches the
exit pipe which delivers the steam into the coil d in which it is further heated
and thereby dried and super-heated and conducted to and actuates a steam engine
or is applied to other purposes where dry superheated steam is required.
We do not limit ourselves to the making of the vaporizers of the zig-zag shape
described and represented as they may be made of other shape with the same or
nearly the same effect. For example, the said vaporizers may have a gridiron
form, that is to say, they may consist of a series of parallel tubes of fine bore
the said tubes opening at one end into the pipe by which the water under pres-
sure is delivered to the vaporizers and opening at their other end into the exit
pipe by which the steam generated in the vaporizers is conveyed to the conical
coil in which the said steam is dried and super-heated. The rapidity and regu-
larity with which the injected water is converted into steam reuders a reservoir
for storing the steam unnecessary.
Our steam generator is consequently especially applicable for supplying steam
for working steam engines in places where the available space is limited.
Where necessary or desirable a steam reservoir may be employed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that we cluim as our
invention:-
The construction and arrangement or combination of the parts of steam gene-
rators herein before described and represented in the accompanying drawing the
Baid construction and arrangement of parts consisting essentially of a vaporizer
or vaporizers arranged over a lamp or lamps or other source of heat the said
vaporizer or vaporizers each consisting of a tube or tubes (preferably of copper)
of fine bore or internal diameter, and being connected at one end to a pipe by
which water under pressure is supplied to the said vaporizer or vaporizers and at
the other end to a vertical conical coil of tubing the whole being enclosed by
a casing substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated
Dated the Twenty-fifth day of August 1898.
JOHN HENRY TANGYE.
WILLIAM JOHNSON JUNR.