Improvements in Steam-boilers.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Sept., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 31st May, 1892-Accepted, 27th Aug., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam-boilers.
We, GABRIEL ZAMIKIAN & HENRY MICHAUX, Mechanical & Electrical
Engineers, both of 102 Harwood Road, Walham Green, London, S. W. do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows
Our invention has for its object devices & arrangements in steam boilers for the
purpose of producing a powerful circulation on heating surfaces & preventing the
latter against incrustations, as well as increasing the evaporation & saving fuel.
Our circulating devices are partly represented on the accompanying sheet of
drawings, which form part of this Specification.
The
Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 are sectional views of horizontal steam-boilers fitted with our
circulating device C, the circulation being indicated by arrows. The essential
feature of our circulator C consists in the peculiar manner of its arrangement.
. along the boiler, like a wing it laterally embraces an internal fluc as in
Figs. 1, 2 & 3, or a group of fire-tubes as in Fig. 4, so that all heating surfaces
being continually rinsed by powerful ascending convection currents, the evapora-
tion is greatly increased & incrustations on heating surfaces prevented.
circulator C is a longitudinal metallic plate, properly secured to the boiler shell
& end-plates; a little above the water level it is provided with a longitudinal series
of either slits, holes, nozzles or any other openings, through which the bubbling
water mixed with steam rushes into the interior of the boiler; the circulating
plate may also receive, as shown in Fig. 2, an upper longitudinal ridging R, pro-
vided with cross ribs & attached to the boiler shell & to the circulating plate, so as
to form slits partitioned by ribs.
As to the figures above referred to,-
Fig. 1 is an ordinary Lancashire boiler with usual circular furnace flues.
Fig. 3 is a side-flue Cornish-boiler, & Fig. 4 is a multitubular boiler, in which
the fire tubes are preferably arranged in zig-zag manner for a better utilisation of
their heating surface.
Further, Fig. 2 represents a combination, in a side-flue Cornish boiler, of our
above described wing-circulator C with our lining-plate circulator L, forming
laterally with the boiler-shell a longitudinal jacket some inches wide, quite open
at the boiler bottom & communicating with the steam space a little above the
water level by a series of either holes slits or any other openings; cross-ribs or
metallic partitions, ascending vertically or obliquely & serving to increase the
heating surface of the boiler.
Fig. 6 represents another circulator H, embracing with its wings the two furnace
flue tubes of a Lancashire boiler, so that the boiler water ascends centrally &
descends laterally.
A further part of our invention consists in improved circulating devices
applicable to new & existing vertical steam boilers provided with internal firing,
the main purpose being to increase the effective heating surface & its efficiency as
well as to protect it against incrustations.
In vertical boilers provided with central uptake, we put upon the furnace crown
a bottomless metallic bottle, forming round the crown an annular jacket open at
the boiler bottom & communicating with the steam space a little above the water
level by means of a laterally perforated or slitted mushroom shaped capping, so
that the boiling water rises through the annular jacket between the furnace crown
& circulating bottle, enters the annular space between the bottle neck & the
uptake tube & rushes down through the mushroom openings into the annular space
between the bottle & the boiler shell, thus maintaining a continual circulation.

page_text: Further, for a better utilization of the uptake heat, we give to our bottle the
following modification; we prolong the bottle neck up near to the boiler crown
& surround the neck by a larger metallic tube, the upper end of which we tightly
attach to the boiler crown & the lower end a little above the water level we provide
with a laterally slitted or perforated mushroom, so that the water rises further
through the annular space between the uptake & bottle neck & descending through
the outer annular space between the neck & the outer tube, rushes into the boiler
through the mushroom openings.
The lateral slits or nozzles of the mushroom may be either radial or obliquely
curved, so as to impart to the water also a certain circulation round the bottle.
Dated this 11th day of September 1891
GABRIEL ZAHIKIAN.
HENRY MICHAUX.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam boilers.
We GABRIEL ZAMIKIAN and HENRY MICHAUX both of 102 Harwood Road
Walham Green London Engineers do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our invention has for its object improved arrangements of means for producing
powerful circulation of water over the heating surfaces of steam boilers for the
purpose of obtaining a quick evaporation and keeping the heating surfaces clean
from incrustations while producing a larger quantity of steam for a given quantity
of fuel, besides which the arrangements are such that no priming takes place and,
the heating surfaces being continually washed by the circulating water overheating
or collapse in case of accidental shortness of water is prevented.
To enable our invention to be fully understood we will proceed to describe the
same by aid of the accompanying drawings, which shew different kinds of boilers
fitted with our circulating arrangements.
Figure 1 is a cross sectional view of a double flue horizontal boiler; and
Figure 2 a longitudinal sectional view of same.
Figure 3 a cross sectional view of a side single flue boiler and
Figure 4a longitudinal sectional view of same.
Figure 5 a cross sectional view of a multitubular boiler, and Figure 6 a
longitudinal section of same.
Figures 7, 8, 9, and 10 sectional views of vertical boilers shewing different
arrangements.
In horizontal land boilers, laterally over a side flue B (Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4) or
over a lateral group of fire-tubes Figures 5, 6, we arrange a wall or partition C,
made preferably of galvanised iron. This wall C, is carried up towards the
adjacent, boiler side A and attached preferably just above the water level to a
longitudinal gutter E, secured to the boiler shell and forming by means of
partitions I, a series of downwardly curved tapered rectangular shaped mouths D,
through which the mixture of steam and water continually rising between the
wall the flue or fire tubes, and the boiler shell A, is discharged in separate
streams down upon the water level. In side single-flue boilers an additional
wall C, may be employed forming with the boiler shell a jacket and fitted at the
water level with the gutter E. In vertical boilers we surround the furnace box H,
preferably made with a rounded crown by a hood C2 forming round the furnace
box an annular jacket open at the bottom and communicating just above the water
level with the steam space by series of mouths E' towards the water level.
Figures 7 and 8, respectively represent an ordinary and a cross-tube vertical boiler
fitted with the above arrangement C2: the mouth may be radial or backwardly
curved so as to induce circulation also round the hood.

page_text: In the application of the hood C³, to cross-tube vertical boilers Figure 8, we
provide it just opposite the one end of the cross-tube with a correspondingly round
opening internally fitted with a mouth piece P, so that at this end the cross-tube-
receives water out of the outside space of the hood and sends it charged with
steam through the other end into the inside space of the hood C² up to the water
level. To utilize the uptake heat and protect it against overheating, the water
circulation may be arranged to travel up the outside of the flue pipe I, to near the
top of boiler and be brought down again to near the water line before discharging.
This downward discharge in separate streams is effected either by means of a cap K,
the interior of which may be divided into a number of divisions by partitions L,
as shown at Figure 9, or in place of cap K, a number of pendant tubes M, may be
arranged to bring down the water and discharge it at the water level as shewn at
Figure 10.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In double, side single flue, and multitubular horizontal boilers the arrange-
ment of the circulating wall C connected to the gutter E, substantially as described
and illustrated by Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
2. In vertical boilers the circulating arrangements substantially as described and
illustrated by Figures 7, 8, 9, and 10.
Deted th: 91 1
FREDERIC PRINCE,
1, Quality Court, Chancery Lane, London, Agent for Applicants.