IMPROVE- MENTS IN LETTING OFF MOTIONS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1885

page_text: I, JAMES PINDER, of Parsons Buildings, Moor End, Cleckheaton, in the County
of York Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LETTING OFF MOTIONS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
My invention relates to certain improvements in apparatus for supplying the
warp to the loom when weaving; and has for its object the regulation of the
number of picks in a given distance and the movement of the warp beam in such a
manner, that the warp is "let off" uniformly from a full beam until the beam is
practically empty, which I accomplish in the following manner.
To an oscillating arm having a slot hole therein, I attach a bar, by the
adjustment of which the number of picks in a given distance is regulated. This
bar is also connected to a sliding block, to which is attached a reciprocating bar
that is in connection with a sliding pulley mounted to a lever on the warp beam.
The sliding pulley is on a pin that passes through a slot in the said lever and rests
upon the warp, lowering as the warp leaves the beam, the lever is also prepared
with "dogs" that clip a flange on a break pulley secured on the warp beam, by
which the warp beam is actuated, thereby letting off some of the warp.
On the return stroke of the said lever, the "dogs" release the grip on the flange
ready for the next pick; when the levers are again actuated, and "let off" another
length of warp.
As the warp is "let off" the beam, the sliding pulley allows the stroke of the
lever to which it is attached, to gradually increase; thereby moving the warp beam
more as the circumference of the warp reduces.

page_text: Improvements in Letting Off Motions in Looms for Weaving.
I, JAMES PINDER, of Parsons Buildings, Moor End, Cleckheaton, in the County
of York, Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to certain improvements in apparatus for supplying or
letting off the warp from the warp beam when weaving; and has for its object, the
regulation of the amount of warp to be delivered at each successive pick for any
number of picks in a given distance, and the movement of the warp beain in such
a manner, that it is allowed to gradually increase its speed as the diameter of the
warp roll on the beam decreases: thus to cause the warp to be run or "let off" the
beam at a uniform speed from a full warp beam until it is empty.
In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 represents the end elevation of such
portions of a loom as are necessary to explain my invention which is added thereto.
Fig. 2 is a view of my apparatus looking from the back of the loom. Fig. 3 a
transverse section through the loom. Fig. 4 a side view shewing the manner in
which the motion may be obtained by a reciprocating bar, and Figs. 5. 6 and 7 are
details.
The loom end or frame is indicated by the letter A, to which is mounted in the
ordinary manner the crank or driving shaft B, upon which is secured the tappet C
that actuates the oscillating arm C₁ having a long slot hole therein, in which is
fitted a movable stud for supporting the bar D, which is also connected to the
sliding block D¹ carried by the surrounding frame. On the opposite side of the
sliding block D¹, is mounted a rod E, connecting the same to the frame F made to
slide freely on the bars E¹ that are attached to the horizontal arm of the lever E³,
which is mounted on the boss of the flange pulley J, the pulley being connected to
the warp beam in any suitable manner.
To the arms of frame F is mounted the pulley or roller G, which rests and rolls
upon the warp from the commencement with a full beam until it is all "let off."
The frame F and pulley G are continually reciprocating, moving through about
the same space, and when the beam is full of warp, the frame F is near to the
top of the bars E¹, at its greatest distance from the centre of the warp beam.
It will be easily perceived, that as the roll of warp W on the beam reduces in
diameter, the frame F will gradually lower or move nearer to the centre of the
beam, thereby moving the "dogs" H attached to the bottom portion of lever E2
further than when the frame is at the top, the extra distance being in proportion
to the lowering of the frame F on the rods E' which is regulated by the decrease
in the diameter of the roll of warp on the beam.
The "dogs" H are shewn by detail Fig. 5 and are mounted on studs secured to
the lever E, the ends of the same at H' clipping the flange of the pulley J
somewhat in the same manner as the "dogs" in common use for the feed motions
of some classes of sewing machines; so that by moving the frame F and lever E³

page_text: in one direction, the "dogs" H grip the pulley flange J, thereby moving the same
and the warp beam, "letting off" a quantity of warp each time it is moved; the
spring S on the return stroke of the lever E' pulling the "dogs" back to their
original position ready for the next pick.
The warp is conducted over the bar L mounted on the arms L¹ supported by
brackets attached to the loom ends: each arm is extended by levers M and
attached to each is a spring S', which allow the arms and bar L to oscillate at the
time the shedding or opening and closing of the warp threads take place.
In order to compensate for any inaccuracy or irregularity in the movement of the
warp beam, I regulate the movement of the oscillating arm C¹ so as to compensate
for such irregular or inaccurate movement of the warp beam in the following
manner. I attach to one of the arms L' a bar N, and connect the same to bar P
by a cord or chain O, which passes over grooved pullies suitably placed. The
bar P is free to slide in bracket P¹, is enlarged at the end, and a groove cut therein
for the reception of the angular piece at the end of bar P. If in case the
dogs" H are not moving the warp beam sufficiently to "let off" the necessary
length of warp, the bar L and arms L¹ begin to incline towards the loom in the
direction of the arrow, thereby lowering the bar P, thus removing the support to
the bar P, by which the top end of the oscillating arm C'is allowed to come nearer
to the centre of the crank shaft B, so that the tappet C actuates or moves the said
arm through more space; thus moving the frame F more, and thereby "letting off"
more warp and if through any cause the "dogs" H actuate the warp beam too
quickly, the springs S₁ cause the said arms and bar L to move in the opposite
direction; thereby raising the bar P and forcing the end of the bar P² towards the
oscillating arm C¹; thus preventing it coming so much in contact with the tappet C,
by which the stroke of the oscillating arm C¹ is reduced, and therefore that of the
frame F and the distance the warp beam is turned.
:
In order to lock the bar L and thereby keep the warp firm during the beat up
of the weft, I secure a tappet Q on the crank shaft B. (see Fig. 6) which operates
the lever R mounted on a short shaft and supported by a suitable bracket. To the
lever or shaft is secured an enlarged piece T, (see Fig. 7) in which is cut a groove
that slides on the web U raised on the lever M. When the full part of the
tappet Qis in contact with the lever R, the grooved end T binds on the web U,
thus locking the same and retaining the lever L firm on which the warp W is
supported.
In working out my invention, I find I can dispense with the oscillating arm C¹
by substituting therefor a reciprocating bar C³, which is operated by the expansion
or regulation tappet C, the bar C³ having an arm extending therefrom in which is
slot hole C5. The frame F is mounted on the bars E' of lever E' as before described,
and is connected to the bar C3 by a projection F2 that extends from the said frame
through a slot hole formed in the lever E' and slot hole C³ in the reciprocating bar,
thus connecting them together in a direct manner.
By this arrangement, as the roll of warp on the beam decreases in diameter, the
projection Flowers in the slot holes of lever E² and bar C³, thereby causing the
"dogs" H to turn the warp beam gradually more, and thus "let off" more warp
in the same manner as when the frame F is connected to the oscillating arm C¹ by
the rods in the manner as before described.
By placing a lever on the square X at end of shaft carrying gearing Y, and
turning the same, the attendant can rotate the warp beam as desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I make
no claim to locking the bar L during the beat up of the weft, but what
I claim is
The combination of the tappet on crank shaft with the frame F, roller G, lever E³,
'dogs" H, pulley J and warp beam substantially in the manner and for the purpose
hereinbefore set forth.

page_text: The bars P and P2 working in combination with the arms L' and oscillating
arm C¹ or reciprocating bar C³ for the purpose described.
The combination of the expansion tappet C with the reciprocating bar C³, frame F,
roller G, lever E³, "dogs" H, pulley J and warp beam, substantially in the manner
and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.