An Improved Method of and Apparatus for Heating.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Aug., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 24th June, 1891-Accepted, 25th July, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method of and Apparatus for Heating.
I, HENRY STEVENSON of No. 40 Glycina Road, Lavender Hill, Battersea in
the County of Surrey, Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved method of and apparatus for heating, the.
object of the invention being to produce apparatus which will be more economical
and more effectual for heating domestic and other buildings than either hot water
or steam, and which will also effect good economical results when used for other
heating purposes.
The apparatus consists of a system of pipes through which the heat circulates
without the medium of a circulating body of water and without the pressure of
steam. A suitable boiler or heat generator is provided and fitted with internal
tubes and air chambers for generating either dry or moist heat and pipes, tubes, or
other appliances are attached thereto as required for circulating, distributing and
using the heat generated. The system of pipes is provided with apertures which
are always open to the atmosphere and which are arranged on the under surface of
a horizontal section of the pipes, tubes, or other appliances, or a section which is
approximately horizontal. Or a boiler and one or more air chambers may be
separately constructed and so connected with each other and with the said
appliances used therewith for circulating distributing or using the heat, as to form ono
apparatus in such a manner that the fuel burning by slow combustion heats the water
in the boiler, and, at the same time, heats the air chambers and the air contained
therein.
To the upper part of the air chambers any number of connections may be
attached with throttle or other valves for diverting, controlling, and conveying the
heat to the main flow pipes, tubes, and other appliances or receptacles to be heated
according to the requirements of the special purpose or purposes to which the heat
is to be applied. The return pipe or pipes, or other appliances used have free
communication with the atmosphere by openings in, through, or near, to any part of
their lower or under surface, at any distance from each other, which provide for
circulation, expansion, and contraction, and maintain an equal pressure between the
atmosphere outside the apparatus and the current of heat circulating therein. The
ends of the return pipe or pipes are attached to, or are connected with the air
chambers and boiler and are so constructed as to admit of diverting to the ash-pit
and furnace of the generator a part or the whole of the heat returning to the air
chambers from the How pipes, tubes, and other heated appliances.
Dated the 25th dex of Avant 1000
HENRY STEVENSON.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method of and Apparatus for Heating.
I, HENRY STEVENSON of No. 40 Glycina Road, Lavender Hill, Battersea, in
the County of Surrey, Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of my invention is to produce apparatus which will be more economical
and more effectual for heating domestic and other buildings than either hot water
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page_text: or steam, and which will also effect good economical results when used for other
heating purposes.
The apparatus consists of a generator and a system of pipes or other appliances
through which the heat circulates without the medium of a circulating body of
water and without the pressure of steam.
A generator of suitable design and dimensions is provided with an air chamber,
or air chambers, and with a boiler fitted with tubes for generating heat-the boiler
being supplied with water by a suitably placed cistern and pipes, tubes or other
appliances are attached thereto as required for circulating, distributing and using
the heat generated. The system of pipes, tubes, or other appliances is provided
with apertures covered by open expansion pipes, or by other pipes or tubes with
apertures which are always open to the atmosphere and which are preferably
arranged on the lower or under surface of a horizontal section of the pipes or other
appliances or a section which is approximately horizontal, or the apertures may be
made in any part of the system of pipes or other appliances wherein the heat
circulates
Or a boiler and one or more air chambers may be separately constructed and so
connected with each other and with the appliances used therewith for circulating,
distributing, or using the heat as to form one apparatus in such a manner that the
fuel burning by slow combustion heats the water in the boiler, supplying vapour to
the air chambers, and at the same time, heats the air chambers and the air contained
therein; or the air chambers and the boiler may be so connected as to admit of
being separately heated for the more effectual control of the amount of vapour
supplied to the heated air circulating through the air chambers and the system of
pipes or other appliances.
To the upper part of the air chambers any number of connections may be
attached, with throttle or other valves for diverting, controlling, and conveying the
heat to the main flow pipes, tubes, or other appliances or receptacles to be heated
according to the special purpose or purposes to which the heat is to be applied.
The air chambers and the system of pipes or other appliances have free com-
munication with the atmosphere by openings which are preferably made in, through,
or near to, any part of their lower or under surface, at any distance from cach other,
which provide for circulation, expansion, and contraction of the air and vapour in
the pipes, and maintain an equal pressure between the atmosphere outside the
apparatus and the current of heat circulating therein.
The ends of the return pipes are attached to, or connected with the lowest part
of the air chambers and when required, are so constructed and divided as to admit
of diverting to the ash-pit, furnace, or flue of the generator a part or the whole of
the current of heat and vapour returning to the air chambers from the flow pipes
and other heated appliances, the circulation of heat being thereby greatly accelerated
by the draught of the chimney.
In the accompanying drawings I have shown longitudinal vertical sections of
convenient forms of generators, circular in plan view, for this my apparatus, but I
do not limit myself thereto, or to any particular form, for the generator and its air
chambers and boiler may be made of such designs and dimensions as may be desirable
or convenient in each particular case provided the air chamber be so arranged
as to admit of being heated to a much higher temperature than the water in the
boiler.
In Fig. 1. a is the flow pipe, the return pipe, the return branch leading
to the ash-pit, c. c. c. c. the air chambers connected by tubes d. d. passing through
the boiler E, E, the vapour from the water in the boiler ascends through the tube F
and is taken up and superheated by the hot air to which it imparts propulsive force
and power to carry heat through the system of pipes, g is the furnace,
flue, and I the condensed water pipe with an expansion aperture at J.
the
In Fig. 2 a is the flow pipe, the return pipe, c, c, c, c, the air chamber, E the
boiler communicating with the air chambers by two short tubes which suspend
the boiler and conduct the vapour to the hot air, g the furnace, h the flue, I the

page_text: condensed water pipe, and J an open expansion pipe covering the aperture in the
main return pipe.
In Fig. 3 the air chambers and the boiler are placed side by side, a is the flow
pipe, 6 the return pipe, c. c. the air chamber, g the furnace, E the boiler, g the
furnace, F the connecting pipe conducting the vapour to the heated air, and h, h,
are the flues. By this arrangement the water in the boiler can be maintained at
boiling point and the temperature of the air chambers increased to five hundred
degrees.
the
Fig. 4 is a plan of Fig. 3 and shows the return pipe b, the air chamber
boiler E, the connecting F, conducting the vapour to the hot air, the furnaces g, g,
and the condensed water and supply pipe I.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
.
1. In an apparatus for heating the combination of a boiler with an air chamber
or air chambers communicating with each other and so connected as to form the
generator of the apparatus substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore
described and declared.
2. In an apparatus for heating the apertures in the system of pipes or other
appliances which are always open to the atmosphere substantially as and for the
purpose herein before described and declared.
3. The apparatus for heating substantially as hereinbefore described.
Dated this 24th day of June 1891
HENRY STEVENSON.