Improvements in or connected with Hand Looms for the Manufacture; of Oriental Carpets, Rugs, and the like.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Oct., 1885
Complete Specification Left, 19th Aug., 1896-Accepted, 10th Oct., 1846
.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Hand Looms for the Manufacture;
of Oriental Carpets, Rugs, and the like.
I EMMANUEL GEORGE POLYDORE of 18 Eldon Street Finsbury in the County
of London Carpet Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows :-
This invention relates to hand looms for the manufacture of Oriental carpets
rugs and the like which are made by tying the material forming the pile to the
warp and the object thereof is to simplify the operation of forming a shed in the
warp and to enable the said warp to be maintained at a proper tension.
Now according to this invention I form the two side cheeks or frames of the
loom in the usual way the said cheeks being preferably kept at the proper
distance apart by means of streets the said streets being preferably adjustable in
length.
The upper roller or warping beam and lower roller_or
"take ap " roller [ form²
of metal tubes having longitudinal slots therein. Each roller is provided with
a T section bar the web of which approximately fills the slot the said bars being
secured to the tubes by means of screws passing through the flanges and engaging,
with female screws in the tubes.
In order to form a shed I provide two sliding heddle framos one above the
other, each frame is fitted with balf as many wires as there are threads in the'
warp.
Each wire has an eye in the centre of its length through which the warps pass.
The wires preferably rest in notches or slots in strips of metal attached to the
inside of the heddle frames.
The heddles are supported in suitable slides or on anti-friction rollers so as to
move easily across the loom.
Each heddle has a rack at each end the upper frame having the racks attached
to the underside thereof the racks secured to the lower frame being on the upper
side of the same.
A pinion at each end of the loom engages with the racks in such a manner as to
cause the upper frame to move forward while the lower one moves backward or
vice-versa.
i
Either or each pinion is connected to a suitable lover handle or other device to
enable the operative working at the loom to move the heddle frames backwards
and forwards without leaving his seat.
I provide also a shuttle race composed of a number of approximatoly hollow
heart shaped pieces of sheet metal or other suitable material.
These pieces are placed across the loom apex downwards and in order to allow
the woof or weft to fall a slot is formed through tho apex of each of the heart
shaped pieces. Sufficient space is left between each piece of metal or other
material forming the shuttle race to allow the warp threads to pass easily between
them.
Instead of the rack and pinion arrangement for ensuring the contrary motion of
the heddles I may connect the heddle frames to each other by means of pitch
chains passing over sprocket wheels one sprocket wheel at each end of the
loom being provided with an adjustment to maintain the proper tension on the
chain.
'
:

page_text: To one end of the take up roller I attach a ratchet wheel engaging with a pawl
attached to the cheek of the loom so as to allow the finished fabric to be wound up
and prevent the same from becoming unwound.
The axle of the tako up roller or the roller itself is provided with hand whoels
or other suitable means by which it may be rotated.
The warping beam is prevented from accidentally rotating by means of a ratchet
wheel secured to the axis of the said beam or to the beam itself and engagos with
a pawl which will allow the warping beam to rotate when the take up roller is
turned but will prevent the beam from accidental rotation.
Or the rotation of the warping beam may be regulated by means of a friction
brake or other suitable device.
The heddle frames may bo so constructed as to be varied in length according to
the width of the carpet to be mado.
Dated this 18th day of October 1895.
"
ERNEST SALAMAN,
12 Union Court, Old Broad Street, E.C., Agent for the Applicant.
Improvements in or connected with Hand Looms for the Manufacture
of Oriental Carpets, Rugs, and the like.
1 EMMANUEL GEORGE POLYDORE of 15 Eldon Street Finsbury in the
County of London Carpet Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to hand looms for the manufacture of Oriental carpets
rugs and the like which are made by tying the material forming the pile to the
warp and the object thereof is to simplify the operation of forming a "shed" in
the warp and to enable the said warp to be maintained at a proper tension.
Now according to this invention I form the two sido cheeks or frames of the
loom in the usual way the said cheeks being preferably kept at the proper
distance apart by means of struts the said struts being preferably adjustable in
length.
The upper roller or warping beam and the lower roller or "take up" roller
I form of metal tubes having longitudinal slots therein. Each roller is provided
with a section bar the web of which approximately fills the slot the said barą
being secured to the tubes by means of screws passing through the flauges and
engaging with female screws in the tubes.
In order to form a shed I provide two sliding heddle frames one above the
other, each frame is fitted with half as mapy wires as there are threads in the
warp.
Each wire has one eye in the centre of its length through which the warps pass.
The wires preferably rest in notches or slots in strips of metal attached to the
inside of the heddle frames.
The heddles are supported in suitable slides or on anti-friction rollers so as to
move easily across the loom.
Each heddle has a rack at each end the upper frame having the racks attached
to the underside thereof the racks secured to the lower frame being on the upper
side of the same.
A pinion at each end of the loom engages with the racks in such a manner as to
cause the upper frame to move forward while, the lower one moves backwards.or
vice versa.
Either or each pinion is connected to a suitable lever handle or other device to
. .

page_text: d the upper heddle frame.
e the lower heddle frame.
fis the shuttle race.
ggare struts to keep the cheeks a a at the proper distance apart.
hare metal plates attached to the cheeks à a which plates are constructed with
internal flanges or slides to support the beddle frames.
The rollers be may be slotted to receive the ends of the warps as horeinbafore
described or to prevent weakening the tubes by slotting the said rollers may have
books b' inserted therein as shewn at Figs. 1, 12 aod 13 which hooks engage with
tubes or roda i to which the ends of the warps are attached.
In order to allow different widths of carpet to be made on one loom the rollers ba
may be made in sections of wrought iron tubing as shewn at Figs. 14 and 15
having internal and external screws at the ends of the sections so that the joints
are lush.
The struts or tie rods g g are also preferably made from pieces of wrought iron
tubing joined by means of the ordinary couplings.
Bearings are attached to the cheeka a a in which the rollers bo rotate. At
each end of the take up roller is a band wheel & and attached to the said roller
or to the bosses of the hand wheels are ratchets engaging with pawls attached to
the cheeks a a to proveut the take up roller from moving backwards whọn the
finished material is wound up. The warping beam & has secured to each end
thereof a sprocket wheel actuated by a chain m by means of which the said rollor
may be rotated in either direction. A ratchet and weighted pawl may be attached
to the warping beam to prevent its rotation which pawl may be raised by means of
a cord before the beam is rotated.
The heddle frames are constructed of steel or other suitable material in such a
manner that the said frames may be expanded and contracted to suit the width of
the loom and carpet being made. I prefer to construct the said frames with two
end pieces n n having anti-friction rollers o o revolving on pins p p secured therein.
The rollers oo bear on the flanges on the plates hh. The pieces nn are capable
of being separated or brought nearer together by means of screws 99 rotating in
⚫ bearings formed in one of the pieces n which screws engage with nuts scoured
to the other piece. The screws 9 9 may have squares at one end as shown at
Figs. 17 19 and 7 to receive a key or spanner by means of which the said screws
may be rotated. To the end pieces n are attached the sides of the heddlo frame
which support the wires by means of which the warps are opened to form a shed.
These sides are preferably formed of two steel bars to each side one bar 1 being I
and the other H being in section the flanges of the channel bar sliding between
the flanges of tho I bar as shewn at Fig. 22. The inside of the flanges of the
I bars and outside of the flanges of the bars are planed to ensure a good fit.
Each bar has attached thereto a metal plate t provided with slots to receive the
ends of the wires u.
The wires see Figs. 16 and 16^ are circular in section with flat ends and
having an eye in the centre thereof through which the warps pass the
shoulders formed by the flattening of the ends bearing against the slotted plates
to prevent the wires from moving end wise when the shed is formed.
To prevent the I and [ bara from becoming detached one from the other I may
secure them together by means of screws slots being formed in the bar to allow
of the bara sliding one in the other. Each end piece n has attached thereto or
formed integral therewith a toothed rack which engages with a spur wheel w
secured to axles & rotating in bearings formed in or attached to the cheeks a a or
the plates h. To the ends of the axles outside the cheeks are secured
sprocket wheels y y geared by means of pitch chains y'y' to sprocket wheels = =
secured to a shaft 2 extending across the loom. The shaft s rotates or oscillates
in bearings AA secured to the cheeks a a. To each end of the said shaft is
secured a orank or other suitable handle B moving over à sector C to which the

page_text: said handle may be secured by means of a pin passing through both handle and
Bector when the heddle framos are in their extreme positions to form a shed..
When the shed is formed and it is desired to throw the shuttle across the loom it
is necessary in order to prevent the shuttlo from falling during its passage through
the vertical shed to provide a race for the shuttle. This race I form of pieces of
sheet metal D of the form shewn at Fig. 4 or of a form approximating thereto
or they may be heart shaped or nearly so. These pieces of metal are rounded
ou the edges to prevent cutting of the warps and to allow the shuttle to pass
freely. The ends of the pieces D are recessed to form a shoulder D' Fig. 4. and
the said pieces which may be placed between each warp or at any other convenient
distance from each other drop into slots in metal plates ff extending from side to
side of the loom the slotted plates being secured to the cheeks a a. The shoulders D¹.
bear against the slotted plates and prevent end movement of the pieces D.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said:
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what [
claim is :-
1. In looms for the manufacture of Oriental carpets rugs and the like the
shuttle race substantially as hereinbefore described and for the purpose stated.
2. In looms for the manufacture of Oriental carpets rugs and the like the
warping beams and "take up" rollers of metal tubes substantially as hareinbefore
specified.
3. In looms for the manufacture of Oriental carpets rugs and the like the
construction and use of heddles or heddle frames substantially as hereinbefore
specified.
4. In looms for the manufacture of Oriental carpets rugs and the like the
combination of heddle frames constructed substantially as herciubofore specified
with "wires" resting in slotted plates attached to the said frames substantially as
bereinbefore specified and for the purpose stated.
5. In looms for the manufacture of Oriental carpets rugs and the like the
combination of beddles or heddlo frames having toothed racks thereon with spur
wheels engaging with the said racks and a means for rotating the said wheels all
substantially as hereinbefore specified.
6. In looms for the manufacture of Oriental carpets rugs and the like the
combination of heddles or heddle frames supported on anti-friction rollers with a
means for moving the said beddles or heddle frames backwards and forwards across.
the lcom and for socuring the said frames when the shed is formed all substantially
as hereinhefore specified.
7. In looms for the manufacture of Oriental carpets rugs and the like the
combination of two side cheeks a a plates hh supporting movable beddle
frames de warping beam band take up roller rotating in bearings in the said
cheeks hand wheels secured to the "take up" roller sprocket wheels / secured to
the warping beam sprocket wheels y y secured to the axles of spur wheels w w
gearing with racks on the heddle frames sprocket wheels 2 z secured to a shaft z
pitch chains y'y' connecting the sprocket wheels y y and zz and a handle or
handles B for oscillating the sbaft at all substantially as hereinbefore specified
and shewn by the accompanying drawings.
8. The construction of looms for the manufacture of Oriental carpeta rugs and.
the like as shown by the accompanying drawinge.
Dated this 10th 180R
ERNEST SALAMAN,
12 Union Court, London, Agent for Applicant..