IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF CLEANING AND PREVENTING DEPOSITS ACCUMULATING UPON THE SURFACES OF FEED WATER HEATING APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN BOILERS FOR GENERATING STEAM, AND IN THE APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Robinson, of Greenfield, in the County of
York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF CLEANING
AND PREVENTING DEPOSITS ACCUMULATING UPON THE SURFACES OF FEED
WATER HEATING APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN BOILERS FOR GENERATING STEAM,
AND IN THE APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
Sealed the 21st August 1868, and dated the 28th February 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Robinson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 28th February 1868.
I, JOHN ROBINSON, of Greenfield, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
METHOD OF CLEANING AND PREVENTING DEPOSITS ACCUMULATING UPON THE SURFACES
OF FEED WATER HEATING APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN BOILERS FOR GENERATING
STEAM, AND IN THE APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," to be as follows:→
My Invention is designed for the purpose of cleaning the surfaces of
the pipes of heating apparatus through which water is conveyed to
the boiler and which are known as "fuel economizers," and the

page_text: improvements consist, first, in keeping the exterior surface of such
pipes clean by means of scrapers constructed in the form of "calipers,"
i.e., two semicircular levers suspended from a center above each pipe,
and constructed so that their weight will cause them constantly to
press upon and embrace the pipes, the section of which may be circular
or oval, these "caliper" scrapers are supplied one to each length of
pipe, and are caused thereby to traverse from end to end of the same by
means of the ordinary "mangle rack" and pinion gearing or other
equivalent, the pressure and to-and-fro traverse of which prevents the
deposit and accumulation of soot and other impurities settling upon
the exterior surfaces of the pipes. Secondly, in order to prevent the
deposit of lime or other impurities accumulating and becoming incrusted
upon the interior surfaces of the pipes, I construct a chamber or
receptacle at the entrance to the pipes or other suitable place for the
purpose of containing "schumach," alkalies, or other chemical agents
that will absorb lime and other impurities from the water previous to
its passing into the feed water heating pipes.
By the aforesaid arrangement and combination of improved scrapers
and filtering alkalies the pipes of the "fuel economizers" are rendered
more capable of absorbing heat and conveying it to the water within.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Robinson in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 28th August 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
ROBINSON, of Greenfield, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
twenty year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto him, the said John Robinson, Her special license that
he, the said John Robinson, executors, administrators, and assigns;
or, such others as, he, the said John Robinson, executors, adminis-
trators, and, assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during, the term. therein,

page_text: expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD
OF CLEANING AND PREVENTING DEPOSITS ACCUMULATING UPON THE SURFACES OF.
FEED WATER" HEATING APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN BOILERS FOR GENERATING
STEAM, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," upon the condition
(amongst others) that he, the said John Robinson, by an instru-
ment in writing under , or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Robinson, do hereby declare
the nature of said Invention; and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
My Invention is designed for the purpose of cleaning the surfaces of
the pipes of heating apparatus through which water is conveyed to the
boiler and which are known as "fuel economizers," and the improve-
ments consist, first, in keeping the exterior surface of such pipes clean
by means of scrapers constructed in the form of "calipers," i.e., tivo
semicircular levers suspended from a centre above each pipe, and
constructed so that their weight will cause them constantly to press
upon and embrace the pipes the section of which may be circular or
oval, these "caliper" scrapers are supplied one to each length of pipe,
and are caused slowly to traverse from end to end of the same by means
of the ordinary mangle rack and pinion gearing or other equivalent,
the pressure and to-and-fro traverse of which prevents the deposit änd
accumulation of soot and other impurities settling upon the exterior
surfaces of the pipes. Secondly, in order to prevent the deposit of lime
or other impurities accumulating and becoming incrusted upon the
interior surfaces of the pipes, I construct a chamber or receptacle at
the entrance to the pipes or other suitable place for the purpose of
containing "sumach," alkalies, or other chemical agents that will
absorb lime and other impurities from the water previous to its passing
into the feed water heating pipes.

page_text: By the aforesaid arrangement and combination of improved scrapers
and filtering alkalies the pipes of the "fuel economizers" are ren-
dered more capable of absorbing heat and conveying it to the water
within.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained
in detail, I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings made on a scale
of six inches to the foot..
Fig. 1 represents a cross section of one of the feed water heating pipes
having one of the improved scrapers applied thereto shewn in position
when traversing along the surface of the pipes for the purposes of
preventing the accumulation of soot and incrustation; Fig. 2 represents
a side view of the same, and Fig. 3 a plan; the view shewn at Fig. 4
represents a general view of the arrangement of the scrapers in.
connection with the pipes.
In Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, a, a, are two semicircular levers suspended
from the centre shaft or rod 6 above the pipes c, the semicircular
levers a, a, are enlarged at points near their fulcra, the construction of
which gives a preponderance of weight that will cause the levers a, a,
to embrace and press upon the outer surface of the heating pipes c, c,
the effect of which when the levers are caused slowly to traverse will
be to scrape the surface of the pipes c, c, thereby keeping them clean
and free from deposits and incrustation, these scrapers are supplied one
to each length of pipe as seen in Fig. 4, and are caused slowly to
traverse from end to end of the same by any suitable arrangement of
gearing.
Since filing my Provisional Specification I find that the second part
of my Invention therein described is not so new or useful as I then
considered it to be, I therefore now disclaim that portion of the
Invention,
Having now described that portion and nature of my said Invention
which I wish to secure, together with the method of carrying the same
into practical effect, I wish it to be distinctly understood in conclusion
that I claim the peculiar arrangement, construction, and adaptation to
the outer surfaces of feed water heating pipes, known as "fuel
economizers," of circular or curved levers that are caused by their own
weight when suspended to embrace the feed water pipes in such a
manner that when such levers are caused to traversè to and fro they

page_text: will scrape and keep clear the surfaces of such pipes for the purposes
herein-before described, set forth, and fully illustrated in the Drawings
attached.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Robinson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this 26th day of August One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-eight.