Improvements in and connected with Governors for Gas and Oil Engines.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Nov., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 13th May, 1896-Accepted, 13th June, 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Governors for Gas and Oil
Engines.
I, ISAAC PITMAN WHITE, of 11 Peel Grove, Longsight, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This invention relates to governors for gas and oil engines and is intended to
provide a very sensitive governor that will allow of a considerable variation of
the load on the engine while maintaining the speed practically constant.
An important feature of my invention relates to the connections between the
governor proper and the tripper which connections are so constructed and arranged
that the vibrations in the governor incident to the working of the engine do not
affect the tripper. Another feature of my invention relates to the carrying of the
governor by a pivoted arm or balanced lever. I drive my improved governor by
means of a pitch chain and so avoid any chance of slip.
In carrying my invention into practice according to one construction I pivot the
governor arms to a sleeve mounted loosely on a spindle carried by a lever or arm
pivoted on a fixed centre and controlled by a weight or spring or both. The said
sleeve is driven from the side shaft of the engine by a pitch chain working on
suitable chain wheels, the chain being maintained in tension by the aforesaid
weight or spring or both. Within the governor sleeve is a rod capable of axial
and rotary movement therein, it is furnished with a collar on which the inner ends
of the governor arms act in such a manner as to slide the said rod in the sleeve
when the governor balls swing out. The outer end of the said rod bears against
one arm of a pivoted cranked lever the other arm of which supports by a ball and
socket connection a rod that is pivotally connected to a short lever that carries the
tripper. The said short lever is pivoted to an oscillatory arm or lever actuated
by a cam on the side shaft. The parts are so arranged that the sliding rod within
the governor sleeve is maintained pressed against the inner ends of the governor
arms.
I sometimes provide a spring to assist the weight of the arm or lever that carries
the governor in combination with a pin to act as a stop to limit the movement of
the lever arm in one direction thereby operating as a safety device to prevent
overriding of the driving chain.
I also provide another spring to act on said lever, or on one of the governor
connections, and an adjusting device whereby the tension of the said spring may
be varied and the speed of the engine thereby regulated as may be desired while
the engine is running.
Dated this 18th day of November 1895
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Governors for Gas and Oil
Engines.
I, ISAAC PITMAN WHITE, of 11 Peel Grove, Longsight, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to governors for gas and oil engines and is intended to
provide a very sensitive governor that will allow of a considerable variation of the
load on the engine without material variation of the speed.
An important feature of my invention relates to the connections between the
governor proper and the tripper which connections are so constructed and arranged
that the vibrations in the governor incident to the working of the engine do not
affect the tripper. Another feature of my invention relates to the carrying of the
governor by a pivoted arm or balanced swing lever. I drive my improved
governor preferably by means of a pitch chain and so avoid any chance of slip.
In the accompanying drawings which illustrate my invention.
Figure 1 is a rear elevation of the governor and its connections shown applied to
the cylinder of the engine.
Figure 2 is a sectional plan of the same, and
Figure 3 is a side elevation with the side shaft and a portion of one of the levers
removed.
Figure 4 is a rear elevation of the governor proper and its supporting swing
lever detached from the engine.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal section through the axis of the governor sleeve and
shows the tappet lever hereinafter described.
Figure 6 is a plan of the tappet lever.
Figure 7 is a rear view of the oscillating lever for actuating the air and gas
valves.
Figure 8 is a side view of a part of the tripper device and of the rod for
transmitting the motion of the governor to the said device.
Figure 9 is a side view of the parts shown in Figure 8.
Like letters of reference denote corresponding parts in the several figures.
A is the cylinder cover; B is the valve chest ; C is the gas admission valve;
C³ is the spindle of said valve; D, D¹ are the contact discs together constituting
the tripper, one of said discs being secured on the valve spindle C' and the other
on a short lever E which is pivoted to an oscillating lever F centered at F¹.
G is the side shaft or cam shaft; H is the cam on said shaft for operating the
lever F through an antifriction roller or pulley F2 carried by the lever.
The governor proper comprises a sleeve J loosely mounted on a hollow stud K
Figure 5 and balls L the arms L' of which are pivotted to the sleeve J and are
furnished with tappets L³ to bear against a collar M' on a rod M which can slide
freely in the hollow stud K. The said stud K is secured to a bent swing lever N.
pivoted at N¹ to the cylinder and constructed with a weighted lower end for a
purpose hereinafter described. The governor is driven preferably by a pitch
chain working on a pitch wheel G₁ on the side shaft G and on a pitch wheel J¹
formed on
or secured to the sleeve J. In lieu of "a pitch chain 'I sometimes
employ a rope or a band or belt sufficiently wide to prevent its slipping.
The weighted end of the swing lever N is so arranged as to maintain the driving
chain in tension. It is assisted in this function by a spring P which is in com-
pression between the lever and the cylinder and which allows for any unevenness
or irregularity in the running of the chain and takes up slack due to wear and
tear.

page_text: In order to prevent any excessive oscillatory movement of the swing lever N
I provide a screw Q that serves to limit the upward movement of the weighted end
of the swing lever by coming into contact with the cylinder. The said screw can
be adjusted as may be required. It acts as a safety device to prevent the overriding
of the driving chain. I sometimes use a spring in lieu of or in addition to the
weighted end of the lever N for keeping the driving chain taut. The outer end of
the rod M bears against a bent or two armed tappet lever R which is pivoted
at R' and which is arranged to maintain the collar of the rod M always bearing
against the tappets of the governor arms. It is a feature of my governor that the
rod M does not require to be connected to the governor by a pin, key or similar
device and hence does not set up any undue friction such as would interfere with
the sensitiveness of the governor as is the case when the rod is rotated with the
governor sleeve by means of a cottar, feather or the like. In practice the rod M
rotates with the tappets L' and consequently there is no wear on the ends of the
tappets. The horizontally projecting arm of the lever R supports, by a ball and
socket joint, a rod S the upper end of which is connected to the short lever E.
above referred to. The rod S is made in two parts and is adjustable as to length
by one part being screwed into the other. T is a spring acting on the lever E to
depress said lever and thereby to load the governor through the rod S, lever R,
and rod M. The lower end of the spring is connected to a block T¹ Figure 7
which is constructed to slide in a groove T' in the lever F and which can be
adjusted in said groove by means of a screw T. T is the milled head of the
said screw. By turning the milled head T and thereby adjusting the tension of
the spring T the speed of the engine can be regulated as desired without
necessitating any stoppage. The spring T may if desired be applied to some other
suitable part of the governing device. On the lever E is a stop pin E¹ Figure 9.
that enters an elongated hole E' Figure 7 in the lever F and serves to prevent the
falling of the lever E to such a level that the disc D' would fail to strike the
disc D.
The lever R is provided with an inclined face R' so arranged that should
the driving chain or belt break and the swing bracket and governor fall the end
of the rod M will slide along the said inclined face R2 and will thus raise the tripper
disc D¹ above the disc D and consequently no explosive charge will be admitted
to the cylinder and the engine will stop. The slot E' serves to limit the extent of
this movement of the tripper disc and prevents the end of the rod M from falling
below the lower edge of the incline.
The action of this governor is as follows, that is to say, when the speed of the-
engine increases beyond the desired amount the governor arms fly out to such an
extent that the tripper disc D' is raised and maintained above the striking level
and consequently no charge of explosive mixture is admitted to the working
cylinder so long as the speed remains excessive, but when the speed is reduced, the
governor arms close and the disc D¹ is thus allowed to fall to the striking level
whereupon the charge is admitted to the cylinder at each oscillation of the lever F.
The vibrations of the governor incident to the working of the engine are not
communicated to the disc D¹ owing to the remoteness of the governor from said
disc and to the absence of a positive connection between them, and hence the
certainty of action of the tripper disc and the sensitiveness of the governor are-
very marked.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The means substantially as described for conveying the movements of the
governor proper to the tripper.
2. The governor mounted on a weighted or spring controlled swing lever and
driven by a chain, rope or belt substantially as described.

page_text: 3. The governing apparatus, constructed substantially as described with reference
to the accompanying drawings and operating as, and for the purpose, specified.
Dated this 25th day of April 1896.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.