Improvements in Pumps for Compressing Air and Gases.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Feb., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 20th Oct., 1892-Accepted, 26th Nov., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pumps for Compressing Air and Gases.
We, GEORGE EDWARD BELLISS, and ALFRED MORCOM, both of Ledsam
Street Works, Birmingham in the County of Warwick, Engineers and Boiler
Makers do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention consists of the arrangement of the parts hereinafter described of
a two stage pump for compressing air and gases and the combination with the two
stage pump of the arrangements hereinafter described for cooling the air or gas
during the compressing process.
A two stage compressing pump constructed according to our invention consists
essentially of a large pump the cylinder or chamber of which is open at top when
atmospheric air is to be compressed but otherwise closed and put into connection
with a store or the source of the gas to be compressed, and a smaller pump the
cylinder or chamber of which is closed at top and bottom the
being arranged above and concentric with the larger pump.
work in the cylinders of the two pumps respectively and are
reciprocating piston rod which may be worked by a steam
motor. The sides and bottom of the large pump are enclosed in a tank
containing cooling water.
said smaller pump
Pistons or plungers
secured to the same
cylinder or other
The action of the two stage compressing pump is as follows. On the plunger of
the large pump making its upstroke air or gas from the upper part of the cylinder
passes through a valve in the said plunger to the space between the said plunger
and the bottom of the large pump cylinder and on the said plunger making its
downstroke the air or gas is compressed and passes by a pipe or passage in the
piece connecting the plungers to the top of the smaller pump. When a pipe is
used it may pass through the water tank and be coiled so as to have the necessary
length for cooling the compressed air or gas as it passes through it. The said
pipe or passage is provided with non-return valves where it leaves the large
pump and where it enters the smaller pump. On the up stroke of the pump rod
the compressed air or gas which has been conveyed from the large pump to the
upper part of the small pump is further compressed by and pumped out of the
said small pump into a receiver through another cooling coil or pipe in the tank
as usual,
A two stage compression of the air or gas is thus effected.
The lower half of the small air or gas compressing pump may be used as a
water pump for pumping the cooling water into the tank; that is to say, as the
plunger of the small pump rises in its cylinder for effecting the second com-
pressing operation water is drawn into the lower part of the said pump which
water on the return or back motion of the plunger is forced or pumped into the
tank.
By our invention a compact and efficient arrangement of a double stage air or
gas compressing pump together with self contained appliances for effectively
cooling the compressed air or gas is obtained.
Dated the 2nd day of February 1892.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pumps for Compressing Air and Gases.
We, GEORGE EDWARD BELLISS, and ALFRED MORCOм, both of Ledsam
Street Works, Birmingham in the County of Warwick, Engineers and Boiler
Makers, do hereby declare the nature of our invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:
Our invention consists of the arrangement of the parts hereinafter described of
a two stage pump for compressing air and gases and the combination with the two
stage pump of the arrangements hereinafter described for cooling the air or gas
during and after the compressing process.
A two stage compressing pump constructed according to our invention consists
essentially of a large pump the cylinder or chamber of which is open at top,
when atmospheric air is to be compressed but otherwise closed and put into
connection with a store or the source of the gas to be compressed, and a smaller
pump the cylinder or chamber of which is closed at top and bottom, the said
smaller pump being arranged above and concentric with the larger pump.
Pistons
or plungers work in the cylinders of the two pumps respectively and are secured
to the same reciprocating piston rod which may be worked by a steam cylinder or
other motor. The sides and bottom of the large pump are enclosed in a tank
containing cooling water.
The action of the two stage compressing pump is as follows. On the piston of
the large pump making its up stroke, air or gas from the upper part of the
cylinder passes through a valve in the said piston to the space between the said
piston and the bottom of the large pump cylinder and on the said piston making its
down stroke the air or gas is compressed and passes by a pipe running through the
tank, or by a passage in the piece connecting the pistons or plungers, to the top
of the smaller pump.
When a pipe is used it may pass through the water tank
and be coiled so as to have the necessary length for cooling the compressed air or
gas as it passes through it. The said pipe or passage is provided with non-return
valves where it leaves the large pump and where it enters the smaller pump.
the up stroke of the pump rod the compressed air or gas which has been
conveyed from the large pump to the upper part of the small pump is further
compressed by and pumped out of the said small pump into a receiver through
another cooling coil or pipe in the tank as usual.
A. two stage compression of the air or gas
thus effected.
On
The lower half of the small air or gas compressing pump may be used as a
water pump for pumping the cooling water into the tank; that is to say, as the
plunger of the small pump rises in its cylinder for effecting the second compressing
operation, water is drawn into the lower part of the said pump which water on
the return or back motion of the plunger is forced or pumped into the tank.
We will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawing
the manner in which our invention is to be performed.
Figures and 2 represent vertical sections, taken in planes at right angles to one
another, of a two stage pump for compressing air or gases the parts of the said
pump being constructed combined and worked according to our invention, the said
two stage compressing pump having combined with it a water pump for pumping
cooling water into the tank of the said compressing pump, as hereinafter particularly
explained.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in both figures.
A is the larger pump cylinder or chamber open at top when atmospheric air is
to be compressed but closed and put into communication with the store of or the
source of gas to be compressed; B is the piston working in the said cylinder A
and provided with the valve and passage at C. Surrounding the sides and bottom

page_text: of the larger pump cylinder is a tank D containing cooling water and also the
coils of pipes E and F, through which coils the compressed air or gas is cooled as
it passes through them; G is the smaller pump cylinder arranged above and
concentric with the larger pump cylinder A; H is the piston or plunger working
in the said smaller cylinder G. The two pistons or plungers B and H are connected
by the same reciprocating piston rod J worked in any convenient way. The bottom
of the large pump cylinder A is connected to the top of the smaller cylinder G and
with the coils in the tank D in the following manner; K is a pipe opening into
the bottom of the cylinder A and provided with an ordinary non-return valve L.
This pipe K rising upwards, is connected with the coil E in the tank D and the
end of the coil is connected with the outside pipe M which opens by the horizontal
pipe N into the top of the small pump cylinder G which has a non-return valve P
and a valve Q opening into the vertical pipe R connected with the smaller coil F
in the tank D. The outer end of the smaller coil F is connected with the vertical
delivery pipe T by which the compressed and cooled air or gas is delivered from
the pump.
The action of the pump is as follows:-On the larger piston B making its
upstroke, air or gas from the upper part of the cylinder A passes through the
valve at C in the said piston to the space between the said piston and bottom of
the cylinder A and on the piston B making its downstroke, the air or gas is com-
pressed and opening the non-return valve at L passes by the pipe K to the lower
coil E in the water tank D for cooling the compressed air or gas. The compressed
air or gas after circulating through the coil E passes by the pipes M and N to
the top of the smaller cylinder G. On the smaller piston or plunger H making its
upstroke, the compressed air which has been delivered between it and the top of
the said smaller cylinder is further compressed by and pumped out of the said
cylinder G, which doubly compressed air or gas opening the non-return valve Q
passes by the pipe R to the coil F in the tank D by which coil it is cooled and is
delivered by the delivery pipe T from the pump. The course of the compressed
air or gas through the pump and cooling appliances is indicated by the full lined
arrows in the drawing.
For the purpose of pumping cooling water into the tank D we adopt the following
arrangement of parts. The bottom of the smaller cylinder G is used as a water
pump and is in communication by means of the passage U with the chamber V of
the water supply. Above the passage U is a second passage W with a valve ✗
opening upwards between them. This second passage W is connected by the
annular passage Y, chamber Y2 and passage Y³ with the water tank D. As the
plunger H of the small cylinder rises in the said cylinder for effecting the second
compressing operation, water is drawn into the lower part of the said cylinder
which water on the return stroke of the plunger is pumped through the passages
described and represented into the tank D. The course of the water from the
supply chamber V into the lower part of the pump cylinder G and from thence
to the water tank D is indicated by the dotted arrows in the drawing.
Although we prefer to convey the compressed air or gas from the lower cylinder
to the upper cylinder through a coil of pipe for cooling it, yet the compressed air
or gas may be conveyed to the upper cylinder through a passage in the plunger
rod J connecting the two pistons or plungers.
By our invention a compact and efficient arrangement of a double stage air or
gas compressing pump together with self contained appliances for effectually cooling
the compressed air or gas is obtained.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our invention
and the manner in which the same is to be performed we declare that we claim as
our invention of "Improvements in pumps for compressing air and gases
"
:―
First: The combination in a two stage air or gas compressing pump of the
two concentric pump cylinders A and G and their pistons or plungers B and H
secured to and worked by the same reciprocating rod, the lower part of the larger

page_text: cylinder A being in communication with the upper part of the smaller cylinder G
and the several parts acting for the purpose and substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Secondly-The combination with the larger pump cylinder of the two stage air
or gas compressing pump claimed in the first claim of a cooling water tank and the
appliances contained in the said tank in communication with the bottom of the
larger cylinder and top of the smaller cylinder for cooling the compressed air or
gas passing through the pump substantially as herein before described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawing.
Thirdly-The combination or arrangement of parts described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawing for pumping and conveying the cooling water into
the cooling tank surrounding the lower pump cylinder and containing the air or gas
cooling coils.
Dated the Fourteenth day of October 1892.
GEORGE EDWARD BELLISS.
ALFRED MORCOM.