Improvements in Bricks and other Blocks for Building Purposes.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Aug., 1887
Complete Left, 15th May, 1888
Complete Accepted, 15th June, 1888
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bricks and other Blocks for Building Purposes. ..
We, HENRY WARRINGTON of Berry Hill Stoke upon Trent in the County of
Stafford Coal and Iron Master and Brick Manufacturer and WILLIAM WILSHAW.
HOWLETT of Hanley in the County of Stafford Clerk do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
The making of Bricks and other blocks with the edges bovilled in such a manner:
as to form a waterproof joint and thus render a wall or other building proof against.
damp or rain and giving a joint with or without mortar on the surface of the
building.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bricks and other Blocks for Building Purposes.
We HENRY WARRINGTON of Berry Hill Stoke upon Trent in the county of
Stafford Brick and Iron Manufacturer and WILLIAM WILSHAW HOWLETT of Hanley
in the County of Stafford, Clerk, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention for Improvements in Bricks and other blocks for
Building purposes is to construct bricks and natural or artificial stones and other blocks
suitable for building purposes of such shape that when properly laid they will form
waterproof joints and so render the walls constructed of them impervious to the action
of rain or damp.
In carrying our invention into practical effect those ends or faces of the bricks or
other blocks constituting the faces of the wall are constructed with suitable bevels or
angular or other suitable insets or outsets.
The top and bottom bevels are formed so as to slope downwards to the face of the
wall. By these means the whole face is effectually weathered, that is to say, that any
rain beating against the face of the wall and into the joints will be naturally drained
off from the underside of the block to the outside of the wall thus preventing the
rain from attacking the mortar in the joint or getting to the inside of the wall.
The vertical joints of the outer ends of the blocks are formed with bevels or dovetails
which give great rigidity to the building constructed of them. In conjunction with
or separate from the before-mentioned bevels the blocks are sometimes constructed
with rolls or covering beads on two or more of their edges, so that when the blocks
are in position, the said beads form a covering for the mortar joints between the bricks
and thus protect them from rain or damp.
In the accompanying two sheets of illustrative drawings
Fig. 1. is a side elevation, Fig. 2 a plan and Fig. 3 a transverse section of a part of
a wall arranged in flemish bond, and constructed with blocks having bevelled edges
formed according to our invention.
The headers a and front stretchers bare bevelled and cut away at their horizontal
edges so that a projecting offset c on the lower edge of one course fits into an inse
or recess d on the upper outside edge of the course immediately below, whilst the
vertical sides are suitably bevelled and recessed as at e and so forming a rigid bond
for the faces of the wall. Thus, any rain driving into the joint will be conveyed ou
by the recess d. The faces of the blocks are recessed as shewn at f for the reception
of mortar or cement.
Fig. 3 shows a modified form of block having an offset c' on its upper edg
fitting into an inset or recess d¹ on the lower outside edge of the course immediatel
above.
Figs 4, 5 and 6 are side elevation, plan, and transverse section respectively of
-dumated with blook's having a modified form of bevel.
11

page_text: This arrangement is similar to the above-described except that plain bevels gh
are substituted for the combined insets and bevels e d (Figs. 1, 2 and 3).
Figs. 7 and 8 are plans of two courses of a wall arranged in English bond the
vertical hevels being all arranged with their angles inclined in one direction as clearly
shewn.
Figs. 9 and 10 are side elevation and transverse section respectively of a part of a
wall constructed with blocks formed with rolls or covering beads for protecting the
joints from the weather.
The rolls or beads ij cover the mortar joints and break joint at k and 1.
Fig. 11 is a part side elevation and section and, Fig. 12 a transverse section of a
wall provided with a coping constructed according to our invention. The coping
blocks m are worked into any suitable external shape such as that shewn, and mounted
on the top of the wall n in the usual manner. The joint o between any two coping
blocks m is made by forming the adjacent ends of two protecting parts pq on an
incline so that when the two blocks are brought into their proper positions the part q
sits on the part p which being inclined downwards from its extremity to the body of the
block m forms a channel for conveying away to the outside at any water finding its
way down through the joint o and so prevent the said water from passing into the
wall.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The construction of building blocks of brick, stone, or any other material formed
with angles or bevels for effectually tying the face of the wall in combination with
horizontal bevels and insets for preventing rain or damp from acting on both the
horizontal and vertical joints substantially as described with reference to Figs. 1 to 8
of the drawings.
2. The construction of building blocks provided on their faces with rolls or covering
beads for covering the mortar joints substantially as described.
3. The construction of coping blocks with inclined channel joint for conveying
away any water passing through the vertical joint substantially as described.
4. The construction of blocks for building purposes substantially as described with
reference to the drawings and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 14th day of May 1888.