Improvements in or connected with Rotary Rook Drills and T Reamers.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Nov., 1895-Accepted, 14th Dec., 1895
:
Improvements in or connected with Rotary Rook Drills and
T
Reamers.
We, ROBERT HABERSHAM ELLIOTT, of corner of 13th Avenue and 21st Street,
South Highlands, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America, Civil Engineer,
and JOHN BRUCE CARRINGTON, of the Village. of Jasper, Walker County,
Alabama, United States of America, Civil Engineer, citizens of the United States,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to, he, performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement
i
•
Our invention relates to improvements in machines for use in the mining of coal
or other like mineral, and it consists in certain improvements in the construction
of reamers, and in the manner of combining angers therewith, in, the means for
regulating the feed of the reamer, drill, or auger, and in the means for rotating the
said cutting or boring tool, all of which, improvements will be more fully understond
after reference to the annexed drawings, in which similar parts, are indicated. by
similar letters and, numerals throughout the several views,
P
DESCRIPTION: OF THE DRAWINGS..
f
In Figures 1 to 11 of the drawings, is represented a built,up reamer, head formed
of two parts,held together by screwthreaded rings and connected to the reamer
spindle, while the double reamer blades: are provided with detachable cutting
teeth.
.
Or to be more specific :-
"'
Fig, represents a side clevation, partly in section, of the improved reamer in
use,in enlarging a pocket in a bore hole..
Fig. 2 represents an axial section through the said, reamer before it has been
inserted in the bore hole...
Fig. 3 represents. a, section along the line - of Fig. 2, and looking in the
direction of the arrows.,
Fig. 4 represents a section along the line y-y of Fig. 2, and 'looking in the
direction of the arrows.,
Fig. 5 represents a section along the line - of Fig. 2, and looking in the
direction of the arrows.
Fig., 6 represents a detail view of one of the reamer blades as detached from the
machine, and before the detachable cutting blade has been attached thereto..
Fig. 7 represents an end view of the device shown in Fig; 6, as seen from the
right of the said figure.
Fig. 8 represents a view similar to that shewn in Fig. 6, after one of the detachable
cutting blades has been secured thereto, and
Fig. 9. represents an end view of the device shewn in Fig. 8, as seen from .tlie
right of the said, figure..
Fig. 10 represents a side clevation of a modified form of detachable cutting
blade, and
I
Fig. 11 represents an end view of the device shewn in Fig. 10, as seen
right, of the said, figure.,
from the
A represents the jack-post or other equivalent device on which the pinion B is
revolubly mounted, which pinion is rotated, by means of the hand-crank, Bi'and
handle 6 and revolves the gear wheel C which turns the reamer spindle D.
:

page_text: The hereindescribed mechanism for rotating the reamer spindle is of the simplest
form, and is intended to be merely typical, as the means of transmitting motion to
the reamer spindle are not a part of our invention, and any preferred mechanism
for accomplishing this result may be adopted.
Screwed on the forward end of the reamer spindle D, are two semi-cylinders E
which are held together by the rings F and F, the forward one of which is closed
at its forward end, and is provided with a nipple for engaging in the end of the
bore hole, and thus forming a pivot about which the reamer revolves: Any
suitable means for centering the reamer in the bore hole may be adopted, if
desired.
These two semi-cylinders E are obversely slotted as shewn at ea in Fig. 4, and
are provided with longitudinal diaphragms L, and with a central diaphragm H,
secured to one of the said semi-cylinders flush against the shoulders e, while the
Baid semi-cylinders are provided with shoulders e, against which the rings F and Fi
fit snugly, as shewn in Fig. 2.
Two blades K are obversely pivoted in the two semi-cylinders on pivots & which
are jourualled in the diaphragms H and L, as shewn in Fig. 4. These blades K
are provided with detachable cutting blades K having teeth of any desired shape
such as in Figs. 2, 8 and 9, or in Figs. 10 and 11. These detachable blades K'
are slotted as at k¹ and are clamped at the desired' position on the pivoted blades K
by means of the olamp screws k².
The rear end of the blades K is rounded as at and bears against the inclined
face m of one of the forked arms N₁, which are attached to the longitudinally
movable rod N by means of which the blades K are forced apart, or allowed to
return to the closed position.
The slope m of the arms' Nshould be made such that the blades K will not
swing outwards when they are in the position. shewn in Fig. 2, but may be
readily forced outward by the longitudinal motion of the rod N.
The drill spindle D, and the semi-cylinders E are made hollow to permit the
injection of air or other fluid therethrough in the direction indicated by the arrows
in Figs. 1 and 2. The air or other fluid so entering will carry the chips back out
of the bore hole in the well known way.
The teeth or k, should preferably be set at an angle laterally as shewn in
Figs. 4, 9 and 11, so that they may cut into the bore hole, the drill spindle being
revolved in the direction indicated by the arrows in the said figures!
The advantages of this structure are to enable the teeth to bite into the
material as the reamer revolves, while teeth extending straight out from the
blade would spring back and act more as a scraper than like a jack plane or
draw knife.
By the hereindescribed construction the parts, are very readily assembled, and
are readily taken apart for the insertion of new cutting blades, for repairs, or for
other purposes.
1 '
Moreover by having detachable cutting blades, the same may be readily removed
and sharp ones may be put into position. Furthermore by having oppositely
disposed cutting blades, the said blades tend to center the reamer in the bore hole;
while the hereindescribed construction provides a means for causing the cutting
blades to be pushed out equally, and to be withdrawn into the reamer head when
desired.
In Figures 12 to 24 is shewn a combined auger and reamer and means for
operating the same. The reamer head and cutting blades may be constructed as
shewn in Figures 1 to 11 if preferred, but these parts aro shewn as simply as
possible in order to more clearly bring out the novel features shewn in the said
Figures 12 to 24 which will now be described in detail.
Fig. 12 represents a section through the bore hole shewing the machine in use as
an auger.
Fig. 13 represents a section through the bore hole shewing the machine in use as
a reamer.

page_text: Fig. 14 is a similar view to, that shewn in Fig. 13 except that the device for
arresting the feed of the drill spindle is differently placed, and moreover the hollow
drill spindle is shewn in sections.
'
Fig. 15 represents a side elevation of the bearing plate that is used over the
mouth of the bore hole as shewn in Figure 13.
11
"
Fig. 16 represents a detachable collar that is clamped on the drill spindle to
prevent the same from feeding forward as will be hereinafter described.
Fig. 17 represents a detail view of the end of the drill spindle, part being shewn
in section.
1.1.
-2x... 14>
Fig. 18 represents a section along the line of Fig. 17, and looking to the
left.
Fig. 19 represents a detail view of the
arrangement for preventing the auger from
turned in the opposite direction.
Fig. 20 represents a section along the line
left.
modified form of ratchet and pawl
revolving when the drill spindle is
of Fig. 19, and looking to the
Fig. 21 represents a similar view to Fig. 17, and shows a modification in which
the auger is attached to the head of the drill spindle by spring plungers which may
be drawn to the rear and out of engagement with the auger.
Fig. 22 represents a section along the line
left.
. 1
of Fig. 21 and looking to the
Fig. 23 represents a detail view of one of the spring-operated pawls, shewn in
Figs. 17 and 18, and
Fig. 24 represents a detail view of one of the spring-operated pawle, shewn in
Figs. 19 and 20.
'
2 >
D represents the drill spindle which is screw-threaded as at d and. is. rotated by
means of the gear wheel C¹ meshing in the pinion B which pinion is driven by the
air or other engine B³, connected to the jack-post A' by the frame B
:
An air engine is preferred so that the exhaust air therefrom may be used to blow
out the chips as is well known in the art...
'
The threads on the drill spindle engage in a feed nut, which is made of two parts
mounted on the ends of the arms. P' and P, pivoted to the frame B and clamped
together by means of the clamp screws p. When these two arms are clamped
together as shewn in Figure 12 the drill spindle will feed forward or backward
according to the direction of the revolution of the gear wheel C', but when the two
arms are opened out as shewn in Figures 13 and 14, the tendency to feed forward
or backwards will be done away with, except that which is due to the action of the
cutting apparatus on the drill head.
This drill head E' is rigidly attached to the drill spindle D in any convenient way,
and like the drill spindle is hollow, but is provided with end openings d', to
permit the flow of air through these end openings around the cutting portions of
the auger Q and out past the reamer blades K, and thence backward through the
bore hole carrying therewith the chips or cuttings.
The auger Q is made fast to the end of the drill head E' in any convenient way,
und the blades K of the reamer are pivoted as at k in the drill head, and are forced
outward or drawn inward through the slote d in any convenient way as by means
of the rod R, having the bifurcated end adapted to bear on the heel of the reamer
blades.
Only one of these reamer blades may be used if desired and any suitable means
for moving the reamer blade out or in may be adopted.
..
reli
i
2. T : I
When the machine is to be used as an auger, the feed nut is clamped in place
as shewn in Figure 12, and the drill spindle is revolved and the air blown in, in
the usual way.
Now when it is desired to use the machine as, a reamer, the feed nut is, released
as shewn in Figure. 13, and the reamor blades are forced outwards in the usual
way.
.:T..
*11*xx.
……. In order that the auger may not revolve while the reamer is in operation, the

page_text: '
said anger Q, which may be of any desired 'type, is 'mounted on a spindle g¹held
by the washer q' and tap-bolts to the end of the drilltheid, and the auger'is free
to revolve about said drill head, except for the nation of the pawls or plungers
which will now 'be described.
In the device shewn in Figs. 17, 18 and 23, T represents a spring-operated pawl
having an inclined face t and a holding face to, which pawl fits in a recess in the
end of the drill head, and is 'pressed "forward "by a spring Salso mounted in 'the
same recess.
17
As the auger is bored into the coal or other mineral, the holding face to prevents
the revolution of the auger relative to the drill head, and causes tlie two to rotate
together; but when the rotation of the drill spindle is reversed, the auger pushes
back the wedge faces and allows the drill spindle to revolve without rotating the
auger.
In the form of device shewn in Figs. 19, 20 and 24, the pawl T is pivoted it t¹
to the drill head, and is provided with a liolding face to, so that the auger is
forced to revolve with the drill spindle, when turned in one direction, but is released
from engagement therewith by this pail, or the pair of pawls, when the drill
spindle is turned in the opposite direction.
In Figs. 21 and 22; spring plungers T pressed forward by the springs S are
shewu as the equivalents of the spring-operated pawis already described. The
spring plungers are connected by the yoke piece 2, to the rod 3, which passes to
the rear and may be drawn backwards by hand, or in any other convenient way,
whereby the spring plungers may be drawn clear of engagement with the auger,
thus allowing the auger to rotate about the drill spindle.
Unless some provision were made to check the feed of the drill spindle due to
the biting of the anger in the coal, and the wedging effect of the reamer blades as
they are forced outwards, the drill spindle would continue to feed forward slowly,
notwithstanding that the, feed nut was no longer in operation. To prevent this
forward feed of the drill spindle we provide a clamp collar U whose interior is
provided with a pad of rubber or like material, while the said collar is mindetin two
parts pivoted together as at aud clamped to each other by the clamp screw u³ as
shewn in Figure 16. This ring or collar clamps firmly on the drill spindle, over
the threads thereof, and is caused to bear either against a bearing plate V as shewn
in Figure 13, or the rear face of the frame of the machine.ns shewn in Figure 14.
In Figure 13 the bearing plate V is made in two parts hinged together as at
and clamped together in any suitable way, while the center of the said plate V
is perforated as at 2 to allow the free passage of air from the bore hole there-
through, the details of this plate are shewn most clearly in Figure 15.
Referring again to Figure 13, the collar U is clamped on the drill spindle close
to the said plate V, and the forward feed of the drill spindle is soon checked by
the collar U bringing up against the said plate V, and revolving in contact with
the face of said plate as the drill spindle is revolved. Any suitable anti-friction
device between the said plate and thu said collar may be used it desired.
In the device shewulin Fig. 14, the collar U is clamped on the drill spindle just
behind the hub of the gear wheel C', and any tendency of the drill spindle to tect
forward due to the effect of the auger or of the reamer blade is checked by the
supports of the machine.
Any suitable anti-friction device may be employed between the hub of the said
gear wheel, and the said collar if desired, but this will ordinarily not be necessary.
lu practice the anger is bored down to the desired distance in the vein, ithe
cuttings being meantime blown out by the air blast, and then the holding collar U
is put on, and the reamer blades forced outward to allow the rotating spindle to cut
a chamber around the bore hole, into which the blasting charge is placed in the
ordinary way. The chips from the reamer are saleo blown out by the air passing
through the hollow spindle, leaving the large chamber clear for the bursting charge,
after the drill spindle has been withdrawn.
Thus it will be seen that we proville nachine which caulbe used either as an

page_text: auger, or as a reamer, without being withdrawn from the nore noleandwich
the air pressure removes the chips or cuttings leaving the bore hole clear-for..the
insertion of the explosive charge, and of the tamping.
In Figures 25 to 27 is shewn an improved means for readily and rapidly adjusting
the driving gear for the drill or reamer in the mine and for conveniently rotating
the same.
The motive power is represented as an electric motor but a rotary
engine of any character, such as air engine, would operate nearly, if not, quite
88 well.
Referring specifically to the drawings:-
Fig. 25 represents a side elevation of the operating gear and attachments as used
in reaming or drilling.
and
•
Fig. 26 represents a rear view shewing details of the gearing, and of the stand,
Fig. 27 represents a detail perspective view of the means for mounting the drive
wheel on the drill spindle.
The drill stand consists of a metallic frame provided with two upright posts .A
connected together at the top by a cross-piece A³, and at the bottom by a similar
cross piece A. The lower cross piece is provided with one or more holding
points a, and the upper cross piece is provided with female screwthreads. adapted
to receive the adjusting screw 'A'which has a holding point a and is operated by
the hand wheel A', whereby the said frame may be rapidly and securely clamped in
position in the mine..
At the base of the frame are two rearwardly projecting arms A7, spanned by; a
cross-bar As, while near the top of the frame, the two projecting arms. A³, are
spanned by the bar A", in which the end of the screw W.is revolubly mounted..
This screw is connected at its lower end to the armature of the electric motor W¹,
which motor is enclosed in the dust proof covers w, and is of the type. ordinarily
used for mining purposes. The commutator of this electric motor, is placed beneath
the motor as at w, and the field magnets are supported on the spider W³, secured to
the cross-piece A³.
The current is fed to the motor by any suitable electrical conductors, which are
not shewn.
The screwthreads on the screw W engage in a worm gear X, which is adapted
to slide longitudinally on, but to turn with the drill spindle D. Thus the motion
of the armature of the electric motor is converted into the motion of the drill
spindle, and it will be seen that by varying the pitch of the screwthreads, and
correspondingly of the worm gear X, the relative speeds of the electric motor and
of the drill spindle may be varied within certain wide limits, which liniits may be
further increased by varying the diameter of the worm wheel.
Thus the hereindescribed arrangement may, by the substitution of a few parts,
bo readily adapted to different kinds of boring.
Th worm wheel X may be connected to the drill spindle in a great variety of
ways, but prefer that shewn in the drawings, in which Y represents a bollow
sleeve secured by means of the cross-piece y-and the clamp screws y', to any desired
position on the posts A³.
Feed is given to the drill spindle D by means of the nut formed in halves at the
end of the arms P and P which are pivoted to the said sleeve Y, and are clamped
together at their outer. ends by means of the clamp:screws p. When feeding,as in
drilling, the feed nut is in the position shewn in Fig. 1; but when reaming the arms
are thrown outwards, out of engagement with the drill spindle, and the drill spindle
simply revolves about its axis barring a slight 'tendency to feed forward, which need
not be considered in this connection.
Journalled in this sleeve. Y is an inner sleeve Z. which is connected by a
deather z to the drill spindle, and is provided with wedge-shaped flanges z,ladapted
to engage in corresponding, recesses in the worm, wheel X Bynthis (arrangement
the rotary motion of the electric motor; produces avrotary-motion in the drill spindle,

page_text: Das just neen described.
By having the screw W and the drill stand of considerable height, the sleevo Y
carrying the drill spindle may be raised or lowered to any desired position above
the floor, and this without any adjustment being required between the worm gear ✗,
and the screw W. This is particularly desirable, in order to save time over the
troublesome adjustments ordinarily required when it is desired to bore at a high or
a low elevation.
:
Again the hereindescribed construction of frame enables the drill stand to be
readily and rapidly adjusted in the mine, and the construction of the whole
apparatus is adapted to provide a cheap, simple, effective, and rapidly operated
means for boring and reaming.
Any desired form of boring or reaming tool may be adopted.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:-
:-
1. The construction, combination, and arrangement of parts, substantially as
hereindescribed, and shewn in Figs. 1 to 9 of the drawings hereunto annexed.
2. The construction of a reamer head shewn in Figs. 1 to 5 of the drawings.
3. The extensible wings provided with detachable cutting blades having teeth
bent over laterally, substantially as hereindescribed, and shewn in Figs. 7 to 9 of
the drawings.
4. The detachable blade substantially as hereindescribed and shewn in Figs. 10
and 11 of the drawings.
5. The combined auger and reamer, and the means for feeding either the auger
or the reamer, substantially as hereindescribed and shewn in Figs. 12 to 16 of
.the drawings.
6. The construction of auger in combination with the reamer head, whereby the
auger is adapted to turn in one direction only, substantially as herein described.
7. The construction of a reamer head with the means for connecting the
auger thereto, substantially as hereindescribed and shewn in Figs. 17 and 18 of
the drawings.
8. The construction; combination and arrangement of parts substantially as
herein described and shewn in Figs. 19 and 20 of the drawings.
9. The construction, combination and arrangement of parts substantially as
herein described, and shewn in Figs. 21 and 22 of the drawings.
10. The stand and means for rotating the drill or reamer spindle shewn in
Figs. 25 and 26 of the drawings.
11. The construction, combination and arrangement of parts shewn in Figs. 25,
to 27 of the drawings.
12. In an apparatus for operating mining drills and reamers, the combination
with a stand and a rotary motor mounted thercon, of a vertical scrow rotated by
said motor, a holder for the drill spindle adjustably mounted on.said.stand, a worm
wheel revolubly mounted on said bolder, and driven by said screw, and means for
Connecting said worm wheel with said drill spindle, substantially as described.
13. In an apparatus for operating mining drills and reamers, the combination
with a stand and an electric motor, mounted on said stand, and having its armature
shaft in a vertical position, of a screw secured to said armature shaft, a holder for
the drill spindle adjustably mounted on said stand, and a worn wheel and an
electric motor mounted on said stand and having its armature shaft in a vertical
position, of a screw secured to said armature shaft, a sleeve adjustably mounted on
said stand, a feed nut connected to said sleeve and adapted to feed the drill spindle,
a drill spindle revolubly mounted in said sleeve, and a worm wheel rotating said.
drill spindle and operated by said screw, substantially as described.
15:11ò an apparatus for mining. drills and reamers, the combination with a

page_text: stand and an electric motor mounted on said stand and having its armature shaft in
a vertical position, of a screw secured to said armature shaft, a sleeve adjustably
mounted on said stand, an adjustable feed nut connected to said sleeve, and adapted
to be thrown into and out of engagement with the drill spindle, a drill spindle
revolubly mounted in said sleeve, a worm wheel revolubly mounted on said sleeve,
and means for connecting the said worm wheel with the said drill spindle, whereby
said screw is caused to rotate said drill spindle, substantially as described.
Deted this 11th day of November 1805
G. J. CLARKSON,
Chartered Patent Agent,
Stockton-on-Tees, Agent for the Applicants.