Improvements in or connected with Tools for Forming Grooves or Flutes in the Internal Surface of Ductile Metal or other Ductile Tubes.
Year: 1899

page_text: Improvements in or connected with Tools for Forming Grooves or
Flutes in the Internal Surface of Ductile Metal or other Ductile Tubes.
I, HENRY NEVILL, of Aukerwyke, Shirley Warren, Shirley, Southampton, in
the County of Southampton, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention has reference to forming grooves, or ways in the
internal surface of malleable metal or other malleable or ductile tubes, more
particularly metal tubes in which grooves to form longitudinal ball races for
ball bearings are required, and has for its object to provide tools whereby the
grooves can be formed with great accuracy, speed, and economy of time as com-
pared with the time occupied in cutting grooves in the tube with tools now in
use.
I have found in practice that it is difficult to form grooves or flutes in ductile
metal tubes of heavy gauge by means of ribbed drift tools driven into the tube
which is held in a grooved matrix as the drift tool is apt to tear the metal;
although with tubes of light gauge this plan answers very well.
According to this invention I provide the drift tool with a disc shaped roller
tool or tools the edge of which corresponds in shape to the form of groove or
flute required to be formed in the tube and projects for the required distance
beyond the surface of the drift tool. The drift tool may have one or more of
these disc shaped roller tools, they are mounted on spindles and revolve in a slot
or slots in the drift tool.
In operation the tube to be grooved or fluted is placed in a grooved matrix,
and the disc roller drift tool is then forced by pressure into the tube, and the
metal of the tube is rolled or forced by the disc tool into the groove or grooves
of the matrix and corresponding grooves are thereby formed on the internal
surface of the tube; the ribs formed on the outside surface of the tube by the
operation of pressing may be removed by turning if a smooth surface is required.
The grooves or flutes are formed in the tube one at a time when the drift
tool has one disc roller tool, and when the drift tool has two or more disc roller
tools a corresponding number of grooves or flutes are formed at one stroke,
also the groove or grooves may extend only partly through, or entirely through
the tube, and the operation may be performed with the tube either in a cold or
hot state.
1000

page_text: Improvements in or connected with Tools for forming Grooves or
Flutes in the Internal Surface of Ductile Metal or other Ductile Tubes.
I, HENRY NEVILL, of Aukerwyke, Shirley Warren, Shirley, Southampton, in
the County of Hants, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
My invention has reference to forming grooves, or ways, in the
internal surface of malleable metal, or other malleable or ductile tubes, more
particularly metal tubes in which grooves to form longitudinal ball races for
ball bearings are required, and has for its object to provide tools whereby the
grooves can be formed with great accuracy, speed, and economy of time as com-
pared with the time occupied in cutting grooves in the tube with tools now in
use.
I have found in practice that it is difficult to form grooves or flutes in ductile
metal tubes of heavy gauge by means of ribbed drift tools driven into the tube,
which is held in a grooved matrix, as the drift tool is apt to tear the metal;
although with tubes of light gauge this plan answers very well.
According to this invention I provide the drift tool with a disc-shaped roller
tool or tools, the edge of which corresponds in shape to the form of groove or
flute required to be formed in the tube, and projects for the required distance
beyond the surface of the drift-tool. The drift-tool may have one or more of
these disc-shaped roller-tools. They are mounted on spindles and revolve in
a slot or slots in the drift tool.
In operation the tube to be grooved or fluted is placed in a grooved matrix,
and the disc roller-drift tool is then forced by pressure into the tube, and the
metal of the tube is rolled or forced by the disc tool into the groove or grooves
of the matrix, and corresponding grooves are thereby formed on the internal
surface of the tube; the ribs formed on the outside surface of the tube by the
operation of pressing may be removed by turning if a smooth surface is
required.
The grooves or flutes are formed in the tube one at a time when the drift
tool has one disc roller tool, and when the drift tool has two or more disc roller
tools a corresponding number of grooves or fiutes are formed at one stroke,
also the groove or grooves may extend only partly through, or entirely through,
the tube, and the operation may be performed with the tube either in a cold or
hot state.
Having thus generally described the object and nature of my invention I will
now proceed to describe it with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
the same parts are designated by the same letters and they correspond with those
used in the following explanation.
DESCRIPTION OF TILE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1, is a vertical elevation of the drift die and roller tool.
Figure 2, is a sectional plan of the drift die taken at the line a, a, Figure 1.
Figure 3, is a sectional plan of the drift die taken at the line y, y, Figure 1.
Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7 are elevations of different rollers used in the drift die
to form grooves of different section.
Figure 8, is an elevation of a drift die which may he used to finish the grooves
after being formed by the drift die shown in Figure 1.

page_text: Figure 9, is a sectional plan of the drift die shown in Figure 8.
Figure 10 is a sectional plan of a modified form of the drift die shown in
Figure 8.
Figure 11 is a vertical section of the matrix, bolster, and holder, for use with
the drift die.
Figure 12 is a sectional plan of the matrix, bolster, and holder taken at the
line z, z, Figure 11.
With reference to the drawings a designates the shank of the drift die, and
the head piece by which it is driven or pressed by a suitable power or hydraulic
press into the tube and matrix; c denotes the roller by which the groove or
flute is formed in the tube, the roller c is mounted on a spindle and revolves in
a slot in the shank a. The edge of the roller is round or rectangular as shown in
Figures 4 and 5, or shaped as shown in Figures and 7.
Below the roller c, and on the opposite side of the drift die, there is provided
an anti-friction roller d, as shown in dotted lines, or a steel plate d may be let
into the shank a, this roller or plate d bears on the side of the tube opposite to
that on which the groove is being formed. e denotes the matrix bolster, and
the grooves therein; these grooves correspond to the extreme number and
depth of the grooves or flutes to be formed in the tube. i denotes the tube in
which the grooves are to be formed. The matrix bolster e has an internal flange
at the top which projects partly over the metal of the tube and an external flange
by which it is held in an adjustable block k which is provided with a screw-
block 7, and with a screw block m which holds and secures the tube i. The block k
is carried or supported in the press by the bars n which are provided with a stop
bolt which takes into holes g formed in the block k, which holes correspond
with the grooves in the matrix bolster; s denotes handle bolts by which the
block and matrix e can be moved round to bring the tube i into. position for
the roller c of the drift die a to form the successive grooves in the tube i.
In operation the tube i to be grooved or fluted is placed in the matrix bolster e,
which has first been sccured in the block k by the screw block ; the block k
is then placed in a power or hydraulic press, in which it is supported by the
bars n.
The drift die a is then fixed to the plunger of the press and inserted
into the top of the matrix bolster e, and upon pressure being applied the drift
die is driven into the tube i and by means of the roller e the metal of the tube i
is rolled or pressed into the groove h of the matrix e which is in line with the
roller c, and a groove corresponding in shape to the edge of the roller is formed in
the tube. After the first groove has been formed in the tube the drift die is
withdrawn and the block k with the matrix e is turned to bring another groove h
opposite the roller c of the drift die, and a second groove is formed in the
tube; and the operation is repeated until the required number of grooves have
been formed in the tube i. After all the grooves have been formed the roller
drift die is removed from the press, and a drift die having a number of ribs
corresponding to the number of grooves is forced, by the press into the tube i.
This operation trues and finishes the grooves made by the roller c.
The grooves or flutes are formed in the tube one at a time when the drift die
has one disc roller tool c, and when the drift die has two or more disc roller tools
a corresponding number of grooves or flutes are formed at one stroke; also the
groove or grooves may extend only partly through, or entirely through, the tube;
and the operation may be performed with the tube either in a cold or hot state.
The roller drift die and matrix are particularly applicable for forming grooves,
on the inner surface of tubes, to form longitudinal ball races for ball bearings.
also for forming keyways in the inner surface of tubes; and the use of the tool
enables the groove to be formed with great accuracy and economy of time as
compared with the time occupied in cutting grooves with tools now in use.
The drift tool shown at Figures 8, 9, and 10, and the matrix bolster shown at
the Figures 11 and 12 do not in themselves form part of the present invention
as they are described in the Specification of Patent granted to me, No. 7451,

page_text: A.D. 1899, and I have only shown them in the present Specification to more
clearly explain the working of the roller tool, the subject of my present invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
i
1. A drift tool for forming longitudinal grooves in the inner surface of
malleable metal or other malleable or ductile tubes, consisting of a shank having
a revoluble roller or rollers, each journalled in a slot in said shank and pro-
jecting from said shank to the extent of the groove to be formed as set forth.
2. In the manufacture of metallic tubing, the combination with a drift tool
consisting of a shank having one or more rolls, each journalled in a slot in the
shank and projecting from said slot at a single point of a matrix having a
cylindrical opening to receive the tube, said opening being provided with grooves
in its internal face, which grooves receive the outwardly forced metal of the tube
which is driven into them by the roller substantially as described.
3. In the manufacture of metallic tubing the combination with a drift tool,
consisting of a shank having one or more rolls, each journalled in a separate
diametrical slot and projecting therefrom upon one side of the shank, an anti-
friction plate being secured to the opposite side, of a matrix having a cylindrical
opening provided with one or more longitudinal grooves to receive the metal of
the tube forced outward by the roller acting in the interior of the tube, sub-
stantially as described.
4. The drift tool constructed, arranged; and adapted to operate substantially
as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 10th day of May 1900.
FREDERICK J. CHEESBROUGH,
Applicant's Agent,
Grant & Maddison's Bank Buildings, Canute Road, Southampton.