IMPROVEMENTS IN PACKING FOR PACKING PISTONS, AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Ironmonger, of Wolverhampton, in the
County of Stafford, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Ironmonger at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
March '1866.
I, THOMAS. IRONMONGER, of Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford,
Manufacturer, do bhereby declare the nature of the said Invention. for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PACKING FOR PACKING PISTONS, AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES,"...
to be as follows:-
My-Invention consists in making a packing for packing pistons and for
other. like purposes, the said packing being made or mainly made of fibrous.
material, and of a square or nearly square figure in cross section, and containing;
either fibrous, elastic, or flexible cores arranged in the packing in the manner
berein-after described..
In making a packing according to my Invention for common purposes I..
take four cores consisting of a requisite number of yarns. of, hemp or other
fibre twisted together, and I plait upon the said cores a series of strands of

page_text: yarns of hemp or other fibre, either by hand or by a plaiting machine. The
packing thus produced is nearly square in cross section, and the cores in it are
situated parallel to one another in the four corners or angles of the square,
the said cores being straight or unbent in the interior of the packing. The
said cores cause the packing to have greater uniformity of figure and greater
solidity, and further cause it to preserve its figure better than similar plaited
strands without cores.
Instead of cores of twisted hempen yarns cores made of ordinary hempen
cord, or of plaited hemp or other fibre, either alone or enclosing an inner core
of fibrous material or india-rubber or other elastic substance may be employed,
or cores composed exclusively of india-rubber or other elastic or flexible material
may be employed.
Packing made according to my Invention with elastic cores works tightly
with less friction than the packing made with inelastic cores. .
. Although I prefer to make the packing with four cores and of a square or
nearly square figure in cross section, yet I do not. limit myself to that figure nor
to that number of cores.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Ironmonger in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
19th September 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
IRONMONGER, of Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, Manufacturer,
send-greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and 'successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Thomas Ironmonger, Her special licence that I, the said Thomas
Ironmonger, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Thomas Ironmonger, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PACKING FOR PACKING PISTONS, AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Ironmonger,

page_text: my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal:
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Ironmonger, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:
My Invention consists in making a packing for packing pistons and for-
other like purposes, the said packing being made or mainly made of fibrous
material, and of a square or nearly square figure in cross section, and containing
either 'fibrous elastic or flexible cores arranged in the packing in the manner
herein-after described.
.
i
In-making a packing according to my Invention for common purposes I
take four cores consisting of a requisite number of yarns of hemp or other
fibre twisted together, and I plait upon the 'said cores a series of strands of
hemp or other fibre either by hand or by a plaiting: machine. The packing
thus produced is nearly square in'cross section, and the core's in it are situated
parallel to one another in the four corners or angles of the square, the said
cores being straight or unbent in the interior of the packing. The said cores.
cause the packing to have greater uniformity of figure and greater solidity,
and further cause it to preserve its figure better than similar plaited strands
without cores. Instead of cores of twisted hempen yarns cores made of
ordinary hempen cord or rope, or of plaited hemp or other fibre, either alone.
or enclosing an inner core of fibrous material, or india-rubber, or other elastic
substance, may be employed, or cores composed exclusively of india-rubber or
other elastic or flexible material may be employed:
Packing made according to my Invention with elastic cores works tightly
with less friction than the packing made with inelastic cores.
The construction of my improved packing will be readily understood by an
examination of the accompanying Drawing, where Figure 1 represents a plan
of one side of a square packing made according to my Invention, and Figure 2
is a perspective view of the said packing.
In the said Figures 1 and 2 the inner fibrous elastic or flexible cores or
partly fibrous and partly elastic or flexible cores of the packing are marked
a, a, and the hempen or other fibrous strands which are plaited upon the said
cores are marked b. The said cores a are situated parallel to one another in

page_text: the four corners or angles of the square, as represented in Figure 2, and are:
straight or unbent in the interior of the packing.
• Although I prefer to make the packing with four cores and of a square or:
nearly square figure in cross section, as represented in the Drawing, yet I do.
not limit myself to that figure, nor to that number of cores, nor to the figure
of the cores employed.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not
limit myself to the precise details herein described, as the same may be varied
without departing from the nature of my Invention; but I claim as my
Invention the improvements in packing for packing pistons, and for other like
purposes; herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing,
that is to say, making the said packing of fibrous material plaited upon inner:
cores of fibrous elastio or flexible materials or combinations of the said.
materials, the said cores being situated parallel to one another, and straight
or unbent in the interior of the packing, substantially as herein described and
illustrated.
:
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Ironmonger, have hereunto set my.
hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
Witness,
W. R. PARKER,.
Wolverhampton.
THOMAS IRONMONGER. (L.B.)