Improvements in Steam Generators.
Year: 1889

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Generators.
I, JOSEPH ADDISON ENO, of 261 Broad Street, Newark, New Jersey, United States
of America, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to provide a generating and circulating device for
marine and other boilers having integral fire chambers which may readily be dis-
connected and removed from the boiler for the purpose of repair or for other purposes
to secure a positive circulation of the water through the boiler, so that sedimentary
deposits will not be allowed to form therein, and to facilitate the formation of steam,
and to secure other specific results, as will be hereinafter set forth.
The invention consists in the improved steam generating device for marine,
Galloway, Cornish and other like boilers, substantially as will be hereinafter set forth
and finally embodied in the clauses of the claim.
Referring to the accompanying drawings, in which like letters of reference indicate
corresponding parts in each of the several figures; Figure 1 is a front elevation of a
boiler, embodying my improvements; Figure 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of
the same, taken on line ; Figure 3 is a detail plan showing certain water pipes in
detail, as they are arranged to be inserted in the furnace of the boiler and Figures 4
and 5 illustrate modified constructions of the device.
In said drawings, a indicates the body of the boiler, which is of the marine,
Galloway, Cornish or Lancashire, or other types of boilers, having internal fire
chambers entirely surrounded by the water-chamber; b, b, indicates the furnaces
which extend through the front of the boiler to a central or interior combustion
chamber C, or to the opposite end of the boiler; d, d, are the small ordinary fire tubes,
which usually extend parallel with the furnaces.
Within the furnaces b, b, are arranged my improved circulating pipes, consisting
of main pipes e, e, e', which extend longitudinally through the fire chambers f, f, of
the furnaces the tubes e, e, lying toward the bottom of the flue, at each side of the
centre, and the third main pipe e', lying centrally at the top of the flue, as indicated
in Figures 1, 2 and 3.
The lower pipes e, e, connect at the front ends thereof, with supply pipes 9, 9,
connecting with the lower part or bottom of the main water chamber of the boiler.
The several supply pipes preferably connect with a common supply pipe h, having in
its course an enlargement i, below which is arranged a mud-drum or sediment
receptacle j, connected to said enlargement, by a neck k, through which the sediment
drops, as it is carried onward by the water.
The said enlargement, also receives a pipe I, Figure 2, which connects with the
bottom of the boiler, as at m, thus the plate of the boiler is perforated but once, to
furnish the several supply pipes with water.
The supply pipes are each provided with valves n, by means of which the circulation
of water through said pipes may be cut off.
n,
A joint o is formed in each of the said supply pipes at or between the valve and
the feed-pipe e by means of which the same may be readily separated, after circulation
has been cut off, for purposes of removal or repair.
The feed-pipes e,
which are arranged in the firechamber f, are connected with the
upper central pipes e¹, by small generating or heating pipes.p, which are disposed so
that they lie arched, to conform to the top of the chamber f, and occupy a minimum of
space therein.
I prefer the arrangement shown in Figure 1, in which the said pipes p, are shown
to extend from one of the pipes e, upward and then horizontally over toward the
opposite pipe e, forming a grate bar q and then to extend upward and curve, as at 8,

page_text: toward the central pipe e¹ being again bent as r, Figure 3, just before joining with
said central pipe, to form a connection, so that the water and steam will be forced in
said central pipe toward the desired point of exit, at the front end of said central
pipe.
The centre pipes e', connect with upwardly extending pipes t, t, which convey the
water to the upper part of the boiler; the said pipes t, t, being provided with joints u,
and valves w, which allow of detachment, as in the case of the parts n, o.
Should a leak or break occur in the parts, and it should be thus necessary to dis-
connect and remove the pipes within the fire chambers, by the construction described,
all that is necessary is to cut off the circulation through the several pipes, by means
of the valves n, and w, unjoint the said pipes at o, and u, and draw out the pipes
within the flue or fire chamber. This can readily be done in any one flue, without
disturbing the operation of the other parts of the boiler, or requiring the attendants
to enter the flue, to make the disconnections, the work being performed entirely from
the front.
If I desire, I can dispense with the tubular grate bars q, and employ an ordinary
grate, as illustrated in Figures 4 and 5.
I may employ an ordinary grate in connection with the one formed of the pipes p,
as illustrated in Figure 3, where 10, indicates a grate supplementing or filling out the
space not occupied by the tubular pipes.
In removing the pipes, after detachment, the pipes e serve as runners for holding
the parts together, and preventing undue strain from coming upon the connecting
pipes p, as will be understood.
In operation, the water passes upward from the colder part of the boiler, into the
pipes e which are large enough to feed all the connecting pipe p, from thence it passes
under, and then over the fire, as indicated in Figure 1, being there heated, and to
some extent converted into steam, and thus its movement accelerated to a considerable
degree. It then is forced into the centre pipe e¹ the water entering from opposite
sides thereof, and being given a forward movement by the turn 1, in the pipe, so that
the water is caused to pass forward out of the pipe e¹, and upward through the pipes t,
with great force, and at a high temperature. Thus the lower cold water is thoroughly
mixed with or converted into warm water, and the temperature of the body of water
is rendered more uniform, so that the dangers resulting from unequal expansion are
avoided or greatly reduced.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.
1. The improved generating and circulating device for boilers, containing therein,
longitudinal pipes e, e, supporting grate bars q, and generating pipes p, the latter
being connected to a pipe el, supply pipes g, and return pipes t, adapted to convey the
water from the bottom of the boiler, to said generating pipes, and from thence to
return the same to the boiler, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. In combination with a boiler u, having a furnace b, longitudinal pipes e, e, e¹,
connecting pipes p¹ curved and conforming to the fire chamber, jointed supply pipes g,
connecting with the bottom of the boiler and jointed pipes t connecting with the body
of the boiler, all said parts being arranged and combined substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
3. In combination with the body of the boiler, pipes e, e, generating pipes bent to
form a grate q, and bent upward to connect with a pipe el, lying at the top of fire
chamber, and said pipe e¹ and pipes g, and t, at the front of the boiler and connecting
with the bottom and top thereof respectively and valved and jointed, substantially as
and for the purpose set forth.
4. In combination with a boiler and suitable supply and return pipes, longitudinal
pipes e, e, and e', and generating pipes p, extending from said pipes e, upward and
over the are chamber to the pipe el, and being bent as at r, to facilitate the movement
of the water in the pipe e, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

page_text: 5. In combination with a main boiler, the improved steam generator combining
therein jointed pipes g and t, connecting respectively with the bottom and top of the
boiler longitudinal pipes e, e, and e', generating pipes p, bent to form gratings 9, and
connecting with said pipes e, e, and e, all substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
Dated this 4th day of June 1889.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.