Improvements in and relating to Magazine and other Small-arms.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Oct., 1893-Accepted, 11th Nov., 1893
Improvements in and relating to Magazine and other Small-arms.
I, JAMES PARIS LEE, of No. 7 Winthrop Street, Hartford, County of
Hartford, and State of Connecticut, United States of America, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to that class of breech-loading guns generally known as
"bolt-guns."
The object of the invention is to furnish a breech-loading gun having an improved
mechanism whereby the sliding-bolt which forces the cartridge into the firing-
chamber of the gun-barrel may be unlocked, actuated and locked with relation to
its receiver, without imparting rotary movement thereto on its longitudinal axis;
also to provide effective means for locking and unlocking the bolt, for withdrawing
the cartridge-shell from the chamber of the gun-barrel and ejecting the same, for
obviating the premature discharge of the cartridge by preventing a forward or
firing-movement of the firing-pin until the bolt is completely thrown forward and
locked in position, and for locking the bolt against retraction before it is entirely
closed, whereby the gun will be rapid, effective and safe in action.
Also to provide means for "dead-locking" the bolt-actuator against accidental
retraction after the same is in its forward locked position and retaining the same
"locked" until the cartridge is discharged or the "dead-lock" released; also for
automatically locking the bolt against retraction when the cartridge-magazine
is emptied, and retaining the same in a locked condition until the emptied magazine
is replenished or replaced by a filled one, and thereby, (on account of the locking
of the bolt against retraction,) acquainting the gunner with the fact that the
cartridge-magazine has been emptied. Also to provide means whereby the gunner
may unlock and retract the bolt after it has been "dead-locked" in a closed position
preparatory to firing, to permit an undischarged cartridge to be withdrawn as is
sometimes required.
In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this Specification,
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a portion of a bolt-gun embodying my invention.
Fig. 1ª is a right-hand side elevation of a portion of the receiver and bolt,
showing the bolt-actuator in vertical section, to clearly show the actuator and
receiver abutments. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same, a portion being broken
away to show the parts more clearly.
Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section of the mechanism of the gun showing the
parts in the position they assume when the gun is closed ready for firing.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view, similar to Fig. 3, showing the trigger as having been
drawn back and the firing-pin thrown forward to discharge the cartridge.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view, similar to Figs. 3 and 4, showing the bolt-actuator
thrown upward to the point of disengaging the bolt-abutment froin the receiver-
abutment and the parts in the position they occupy just prior to the retraction or
withdrawal of the bolt.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view, similar to Figs. 3, 4 and 5, showing the bolt withdrawn
to its full stroke and also illustrating in dotted lines the ejection of the cartridge-
shell.
Fig. 7 is a sectional view, similar to Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6, showing the bolt return d

page_text: to its forward position ready for the locking movement of the bolt-actuator and
showing the said actuator disengaged from the catch of the firing-pin-arm.
Fig. 8 is a sectional view, similar to Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, showing the cartridge-
lifter as locked in a depressed or inoperative position to permit the removal of the
empty cartridge-magazine and the insertion of the fresh one.
Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view, on line a-a, Fig. 3, looking from the left-hand
of said figure.
Fig. 10, is a plan view of the receiver, a portion of the upper forward end thereof
being broken away.
Fig. 11 is a right-hand side elevation of the receiver. Fig. 12 is a vertical
longitudinal section of the same taken on dotted line b-, Fig. 10.
Fig. 13 is an end view of said receiver looking from the right-hand of Fig. 10.
Fig. 14 is an end view of the receiver looking from the left-hand in Fig. 10.
Fig. 15 is a cross-section of the said receiver taken on line c-c, Fig. 11.
Fig. 16 is a vertical longitudinal section of the receiver taken on line d—d,
Fig. 14, looking from the left to the right of said figure.
Fig. 17 is a plan view of the bolt and bolt-actuator, a portion of the bolt-actuator
being broken away. Fig. 18 is a side elevation of the same.
Fig. 19 is a side elevation of the said bolt and bolt-actuator looking toward the
right-hand in Fig. 21, a portion of the bolt-actuator being broken away. Fig. 20 is
a cross-sectional view of the same taken on line e-e, of Fig. 18, looking in the
direction of the arrow. Fig. 21 is an end view of the same looking toward the
right-hand in Fig. 18.
Fig. 22 is an end view of the said bolt, looking toward the right-hand in Fig. 19,
the bolt-actuator being broken off.
Fig. 23 is an horizontal longitudinal section of a portion of the bolt taken on
line Fig. 20, showing the detent-pin and detent-pin actuator slide for pre-
venting the retraction of the bolt beyond its normal rearward working position,
said detent-pin being shown in said figure as thrown toward the left-hand in
operative position.
Fig. 24 is a similar sectional view showing the detent-pin as thrown to the right-
hand side of said bolt and in the position it occupies when it is desired to withdraw
the bolt from the receiver.
Fig. 25 is a plan view, partially in section, of the bolt showing the arrangement
of the cartridge-extractor.
Fig. 26 is an end view of the cartridge-magazine, the bolt being shown in its
relative position thereto in dotted lines.
Fig. 27 is a detail view of the cartridge-receiving end of the gun-barrel showing
the cartridge guiding-groove and the notch for receiving the end of the extractor.
Fig. 28 is a side elevation of a portion of the cartridge-receiving end of the gun-
barrel.
Fig. 29 is a detail in front-end elevation of the bolt-actuator. Fig. 30 is a side
elevation of the same looking toward the left-hand in Fig. 29.
Fig. 31 is a side elevation of the firing-pin, a portion of the firing-spring being
shown in section.
Fig. 32 is an end view of the said firing-pin looking toward the left-hand in
Fig. 31.
Fig. 33 is a side elevation, and Fig. 34 is a side view of the detent-pin actuator-
slide.
Fig. 35 is a side elevation, and Fig. 36 is a plan view of the extractor.
Fig. 37 is an end view, and Fig. 38 is a plan view of the detent-pin.
Fig. 39 is a detail in side elevation of the sear, sear-spring, trigger, back-lock
for locking the bolt-actuator in its closed position, and the back-lock actuator, in
assembled position.
Fig. 40 is a rear end elevation of the trigger looking from the left-hand of
Fig. 39.

page_text: Fig. 41 is a rear view of the sear.
Fig. 42 is a top view of the back-lock for the bolt-actuator.
Fig. 43 is a detail in side elevation, and Fig. 44 an underside view of the
cartridge-lifter locker.
Figs. 45 and 46, are side and plan views respectively of the cartridge-shell ejector.
Figs. 47 and 48, are plan and side elevation of the cartridge-lifter.
Figs. 49 and 50 are plan and right-hand side elevation of the cartridge-lifter
shaft, its actuating spring and lever.
Figs. 51 and 52, are respectively a plan and side elevation of the guard-block.
Fig. 53 is an end view of the said guard-block looking toward the right-hand in
Fig. 52.
Fig. 54 is a view similar to Fig. 53 looking toward the left-hand in Fig. 52.
Fig. 55 is a horizontal cross-section of said guard-block taken on the line g-9,
Fig. 52, looking downward.
Fig. 56 is a similar sectional view of said guard-block taken on line h-1,
Fig. 52.
Figs. 57 and 58 are respectively a plan and side elevation, partially in section, of
the magazine-guard or escutcheon-plate.
Fig. 59 is an end view of the magazine-guard or escutcheon-plate looking toward
the left-hand of Fig. 58.
Fig. 60 is a similar end view looking toward the right-hand of Fig. 58.
Fig. 61 is a detail of a portion of the inner side of the right-hand wall of the
receiver, as shown in Fig. 16, showing the arrangement of the cut-off or sliding
stop which is thrown into engagement with the actuating-lever of the cartridge-
lifter when it is desired to hold the same in an inoperative position and to use the
gun as a single breech-loader.
Fig. 62 is a cross-sectional detail of the sliding cut-off taken on line -i,
Fig. 61.
Fig. 63 is a detail in plan view of said cut-off.
Figs. 64 and 65 are respectively an end view and side view of the back-lock
actuator.
Fig. 66 is an end view of the cartridge-case or packet looking toward the right-
hand of Fig. 68.
Fig. 67 is a plan view of said cartridge-case.
Fig. 68 is a side elevation of the cartridge-case, looking toward the left-hand in
Fig. 66. Fig. 69 is an end view of the same looking toward the left-hand in
Fig. 68.
Fig. 70 is an end elevation of the sear, sear-spring, back-lock, and back-lock
actuator, looking toward the right-hand in Fig. 39, a portion of the sear being in
section.
Similar characters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the
drawings.
The receiver, designated in a general way by B, is adapted to carry a sliding
bolt and has a recoil-abutment for sustaining the bolt, when it is closed, against
retraction. In the preferred form herein shown, the receiver or gun-frame consists
of an open frame having the two side-walls 2 and 4, joined at their front and rear
ends and constructed to carry the barrel C, and for attachment to the stock D, of
the gun and to receive within it the bolt-mechanism. At its front end, the receiver
has the bore 3, see Figs. 10 and 12, threaded to receive the threaded end 5, of the
barrel C. A mortise 6, see Fig. 12, is formed vertically and longitudinally through
the receiver, as shown in Figs. 10 and 12, to receive the upper end of the cartridge-
magazine M (Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7) through which mortise the magazine may be
filled, or the gun may be loaded in using the same as a single-loader; the gun being
capable of being used as a single-loader at any time when the magazine is emptied
of cartridges. When it is desired to prevent the feeding of the cartridges from the
magazine into position to be forced into the firing-chamber, the cut-off, designated
in a general way by M', will be thrown into operative engagement with the

page_text: cartridge-lifter actuating-lever to hold the same in an inoperative position, as
will be hereinafter more fully described.
Note For convenience of comparison between the Specification and drawings,
and to secure a clear understanding of the description, it is desired to here state
that by the terms such as "right-hand" and "left-hand," are meant those portions
of the gun to the right and left, respectively, when viewed from the left-hand side
of the drawing as shown in Fig. 1, and by "forward" and "rearward," are meant
those portions of the gun nearest the right and left-hand ends of the gun,
respectively, as shown in said Fig. 1 of the drawing.
Upon the inner side of the left-hand wall 4 of the receiver is formed a projection,
or abutment 7, (see Figs. 10, 11, 12) which fits into a groove 8, in the left-hand
side of the bolt E, Fig. 19, in order to guide the said bolt E, in its course during
the rearward and forward movements thereof. Said projection also acts as a
detent-catch for limiting the relative sliding movement of the bolt by engagement
with a corresponding detent-pin 12, carried by, and capable of transverse movement
in, the said bolt:
Upon the inner side of the right-hand wall 2 of the receiver B, is formed a
groove 9, see Figs. 13, 14, 15 and 16, in which runs the projecting forward part 10,
of the extractor 11, which projecting portion of the extractor thereby acts as a
guide co-operating with the aforesaid receiver projection ? or detent-stop for
limiting the movement of the bolt.
For preventing, during the ordinary operation of the gun, the retraction of the
bolt beyond its normal rearward working position, shown in Fig. 6, the said bolt is
provided with a transverse detent-pin 12, best shown in Figs. 23 and 24. This pin 12
is fitted to slide freely in the transverse horizontal opening or recess formed through
the bolt E, and is thrown outward toward the left-hand as shown in Fig. 23, by
means of a detent-pin-actuator-slide 13, which is shown let-in on the right-hand side
of the bolt, and is bevelled on the inner side of its forward end, as at 14, see Fig. 34,
to abut against and throw said detent-pin from the position shown in Fig. 24 to
that shown in Fig. 23, on the forward movement of the slide 13, the said slide
having formed thereon a spring-catch 15, whereby the same can be operated by the
finger of the gunner. The rearward portion of the said detent-pin actuating slide
is of the nature of a spring and has on the inner side thereof a catch or
projection 16. Formed in the right-hand side of the bolt, and in position to be
engaged by the catch or projection 16, upon the slide 13 in its forward and
rearward position, respectively, are two detents or notches, 17, 171, the one 17
being capable of receiving the catch 16 upon the actuating slide, when said
slide is in its forward position as shown in Fig. 23, and the one 171 receiving
said catch when the slide is in its rearward position, as shown in Fig. 24, the
said catches limiting the movement of said slide and also preventing accidental
longitudinal displacement when the same is in either of the positions just
described. The front and rear sides of the left-hand end of the detent-pin are
formed inclined, as shown in Fig. 23, and the sides of the aforesaid receiver
projection 7 are correspondingly inclined, so that when said detent-pin actuating
slide is withdrawn, as shown in Fig. 24, for the purpose of fully withdrawing
the bolt from its receiver, said projection 7, striking with its inclined face
against the inclined face of the detent-pin, will drive the said pin toward the
right-hand side of the bolt, thus allowing the pin to clear the projection and
permitting the bolt to be entirely withdrawn from the receiver. When inserting
the bolt, assuming the pin to be in the position shown in Fig. 24, it will be
slipped into the receiver far enough to carry the detent-pin forward of the
projection 7, the said pin would then be thrown toward the left-hand into its
working position. This may be done by simply pushing forward the slide 13 from
its position in Fig. 24 to that in Fig. 23.
The groove 8 formed in the left-hand side of the bolt inclines downwardly at the
point 19, see Fig. 19, near the forward end of the bolt, and then runs forward
parallel with the bolt, for the purpose of permitting the forward end of the bolt to

page_text: rise just before it is withdrawn from the receiver to allow the projections 20, 21, at
the lower side of the bolt to pass over the receiver-abutment, 22; (see Figs. 3, 4,—8,)
this feature is, of course, operative only when the bolt is to be fully withdrawn
from the receiver.
The rearward end of the said bolt-groove 8, is broadened to form the upwardly
extending notch 23, to permit the lowering of the said bolt when in its extreme
forward position so as to bring the bolt-abutment 24, forward of the aforesaid
receiver-abutment 22.
The bolt E is bored longitudinally to receive the firing-pin 25, the rearward end
thereof being slotted for the depending-arm 26, of said firing-pin, which firing-pin-
arm projects downward from the rear end of the firing-pin, as shown in detail,
Fig. 31, and has on the forward side of its lower end, a catch 27, for the purpose
hereinafter more fully set forth. On lowering the bolt (by a movement trans-
versely to the axis thereof) into engagement with the receiver-abutment and the
firing-position of the gun, shown in Fig. 3, the arm 26 of the firing-pin extends
below the safety-abutment 28, of the receiver (also designated the bolt-locker
engaging abutment) so as to prevent the blowing out of the rearward part of the
firing-pin, should said pin by any means become broken in action, such accident
sometimes happening by the perforation of a cap on a cartridge.
Near its rearward end, immediately above and partially intersecting the bore of
the said bolt, the bolt is transversely bored to receive the journal 29, of the bolt-
actuator, (which is desiguated in a general way by F) the said journal lies, when
the parts are assembled, close to the upper side of the rod 25 of the firing-pin, said
actuator-journal forming the abutment for the supporting-sleeve 31, of the firing-
spring 32.
The bolt-actuator F, which is also designated as the bolt-locker, is shiftable from
one position to another relative to the bolt, and has several functions; among the
principal of these is the lifting and lowering of the rearward end of the bolt when
it is to be moved back and after the same has been moved forward, and to furnish
an additional lock for the bolt against rearward movement before the said bolt is
fully lowered into its closed position ready for firing. Another function of the
actuator F, besides holding the bolt E down in its closed position, is to prevent the
forward movement of the firing-pin until the bolt has been carried down into a safe
locked position. For these purposes, the actuator or bolt-locker F is furnished with
a depending-arm 33, having on the forward side thereof a hook 34, which, on the
closing of said actuator, as shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 4, engages under the lock-
engaging catch 35, of the receiver directly underneath the journal 29, of the bolt-
actuator. The extreme point of the hook 34, is shown bevelled off or slightly
relieved to form a cam for powerfully drawing down the bolt transversely into its
full closed position during the latter part of the closing movement of the bolt-
actuator.
At the left-hand of the lower end of said actuator-arm 33, is a projection 36,
(Figures 5, 29 and 30,) the forward part of which coincides with the end of the
aforesaid hook 34, and which passes close underneath the inclined cam-face 37, of
the receiver, during the entire closing movement of the bolt-actuator, said projec-
tion 36 serves to forcibly draw down the actuator and bolt to their closed position
on the turning of the actuator from its position in Fig. 7, to its position in Figs. 1·
and 3.
The rearward side 112, of the depending actuator-arm 33 serves, on the retracting
movement of the bolt-actuator, to draw back the firing-pin from the position shown
in Fig. 4, to that shown in Figure 5; on the extreme retraction of the actuator, as
shown in Figure 5, the said arm passes over and engages with the aforesaid actuator
locker-catch so as to lock the actuator in its retracted position, as shown in the
figure above referred to. The said several parts being thus in position and locked
together, may now be drawn back as one member of the gun-mechanism to the
position illustrated in Figure 6, and afterwards pushed forward to the position

page_text: shown in Figure 7, at which point the firing-pin arm 26 engages the rearward
end 38, of the sear 39, releasing the actuator-arm and being thus held in a retracted
position during the remaining forward and downward moverfient of the bolt-
mechanism to the position thereof shown in Figure 3. The bolt-actuator arm being
thus carried in front of, and released from engagement with the catch of the firing-
pin, may now be turned downward and forward bringing the parts from the position
shown in Figure 7, to the locked fring-position shown in Figure 3.
Just previous to the firing-pin arm 26 coming into engagement as herein before
described, with the rearward end 38 of the sear 39, the guide-face 40, of the
actuator comes over the lower actuator-guide 41, of the receiver, and the upper
side of the lever-arm 42, of the actuator passes under the receiver-arm or upper
actuator-guide 43, thereby restraining the actuator from any forward shifting move-
ment until the actuator is unlocked by the releasing of its arm 33 from engagement
with the firing-pin arm catch 27, and the bolt has reached its extreme forward
position, as shown in Figure 7. On the bolt reaching the latter position, the
abutment-face 44, of the actuator passes in front of the actuator-abutment 45, of
the receiver, see Figures 14, and 30, so that on the turning forward of the actuator
by a downward and forward thrust of the handle-arm 46, thereof, by means of the
a fore mentioned cam 37, (and also during a portion of the closing movement through
the forwardly projecting actuator-arm 42) draws down the bolt from its position
shown in Figure 7, to its fully closed position in Figures 1 and 3. At this time
the bolt of the gun, as will be observed, is locked in place, not only by its own
recoil-abutments, but also by the engagement of the actuator with the bolt and
with the receiver, thus furnishing a double security against any retraction of the
bolt by accident or otherwise until the actuator shall again be opened.
The forward end of the bolt E has on its upper side a face 108, bearing against a
corresponding face 109, of the receiver. On the lifting or transverse movement of
the rearward end of the bolt, the said face 108, acts against the receiver-face 109,
as a fulcrum upon which the bolt, as a lever, turns or swings for forcibly starting
and withdrawing the cartridge for a short distance by means of the extractor-hook 47,
engaging the rim 110, of the cartridge, see Figures 3, 5, 7 and 8. The bolt
therefore constitutes, not only a sliding bolt for closing the gun, and pushing
forward the cartridges into the firing-chamber thereof, but also a power lever for
starting the cartridge-shell from its seat within the said firing chamber. The said
cartridge-starting action of the bolt being effected by the same movement which
lifts the recoil-abutment 24 clear of the receiver-abutinent 22, it is evident that the
same operation of the bolt thus performs the two more important functions of the
mechanism by a single movement and adds to the simplicity and efficiency and
the corresponding value of the mechanism.
The projections 20, 21, at the forward end and lower part of the bolt, serve to
alternately engage the uppermost cartridge of the columns of cartridges contained
in the cartridge-case and force it forward into the gun-barrel, as will be hereinafter
more fully described. At the rear end of the barrel, in vertical alignment with its
bore, and in alignment with the path of movement of the cartridge, is a cartridge
guiding-groove or recess 50, suitably inclined for receiving the forward end of the
cartridge when it is driven forward by the bolt, and thereby guiding said cartridge
upward into the firing-chamber of the gun-barrel. At the right-hand inner side of
the barrel, at its rear end, is formed a suitable notch 51, for receiving the projecting
forward end or hook 47, of the extractor.
In Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, a short portion of the rearward part 52, and
part of the tip 53, of the gun-stock is shown. On the end of this tip is usually
placed an escutcheon-plate 54, which forms a guard for, and guides the magazine
in its insertion into the receiver. At the rear end of the escutcheon-plate 54, are
inward projections preferably dovetailed as shown at 55 and 56, in Figure 57, and
which fit into similar notches 57 and 58, respectively, see Figure 55, in the forward
side-face of the guard-block 59, near the forward end thereof. Through the

page_text: forward end of the said escutcheon-plate passes a screw 60, which extends through
said tip 53, and screws into the forward end of the receiver as shown in
Figures 3-8.
The breech-piece 61, of the stock is fitted to the underside of the receiver
between the receiver and the strap, 62 of the guard-block; the forward end of the
said breech-piece being fitted between the side-walls 63 and 64 of said block. The
screw 65, passes through the rearward end of the receiver, through the stock, and
screws into the rearward end of said strap 62, as will be understood by comparison
of the figures of the drawing in which said parts are shown.
The guard-block 59 is mortised as at 81, 81', at the forward end thereof to
receive, respectively, the cartridge-feeding device which is herein designated as the
cartridge-lifter G, and the cartridge-lifter locker 68. The cartridge-lifter is
removably secured at its rear end to a transverse shaft 130, journalled in .
bearings 131, in the side walls 63, 64, of the guard-block in the rear of the front
face thereof, and the cartridge-lifter locker is pivoted between ears 88', formed
upon the said guard-block above and approximately in vertical alignment with the
pivotal point of the cartridge-lifter. The construction, arrangement and operation
of these elements will be hereinafter fully explained.
The slot 81 of the guard-block extends backward into the strap 62 thereof to
receive the trigger, 82, which is pivoted near its upper end at 83, between the walls
of the strap 62. The upper end 84, of said trigger presses on the arm 85, of the
sear 39, which is pivoted at 86, between ears 88, Figures 51, 52, formed upon the
guard-block 59, above and slightly in advance of the ears 88', between which
the cartridge-lifter locker is pivoted. The sear has a rearwardly projecting arm 38,
the extreme rear end of which is shaped to engage the lower end 27 of the firing-pin
arm 26, when said firing-pin arm is moved forward, and during the closing move-
ment of the bolt. The sear is limited in its upward movement by the upper face 89,
of its rearwardly projecting arm 38 striking against the under face 90, of the
abutment 22 of the receiver.
As a means for locking the bolt-actuator against backward movement when the
bolt is in its forward locked position, a back-lock or detent-catch H, Figure 70, is
provided, which in the preferred organization thereof, as shown, is carried by the
rearward end of the sear as will be hereinafter explained, and is adapted, when the
bolt is in its extreme forward locked position, to lie intermediate to, and bear at its
forward and rearward ends, against the rear face of the depending actuator-arm
and rear end of the sear-arm, respectively, with its point of contact with the
actuator-arm between and in substantial alignment with its point of contact with
the sear and the pivotal-point of said sear. In this position of the parts, the back-
lock sustains such a relation to the path of movement of the actuator-arm and
pivotal-point of the sear, that a retractive force exerted upon the actuator will
simply bind the parts mentioned, more securely without altering their relative
positions, as will be apparent by reference to Figure 3 of the drawings.
As a
This back-lock H, consists of a web or plate 140, having a catch 141, at its
forward end to engage the lower rear end of the actuator-arm 33, and having a
hub 142, at its rear end which projects transversely at each side of said web and
forms journals, by means of which said back-lock is supported in the sear.
means for movably securing the said back-lock in the scar, the rearwardly
projecting arm 38 of said sear is vertically and longitudinally recessed, as shown
at 38, in Figure 39, and has a downwardly and forwardly projected hook-shaped
portion 90', at its rear end, as clearly shown in said figure, which said hook-shaped
portion forms a semi-circular bearing to receive and movably support the journals
of the back-lock H. The journals of the back-lock are preferably elongated
diametrically as shown in Figure 39, to form a bearing-face 143, to bear against
the under face of the sear-arm 38, and limit the upward movement of the forward
end of said back-lock with relation to the sear. These journals of the detent-catch
or back-lock are loosely seated in the bearings 38", of the sear with the web 140

page_text: thereof projecting through the recess 38' in said sear; the said back-lock is held in
position with relation to the sear by means of the sear-spring 94, which has a
bearing at its lower end 98, in the notch 97, formed in the inner face of the upper
end of the trigger, and bears at its upper end against the underside of said back-
lock as at 144. This sear-spring, as will be seen, has two functions, one to retain
the sear-arm 38 normally in an elevated position, with the. trigger in its forward
position, and to retain the back-lock in operative engagement with the end of the
sear-arm 38, and with its forward end in the proper position to engage the actuator-
arm 33 when the bolt is in its forward locked position.
Formed upon the back-lock at its rear left-hand side, is an upwardly projecting
arm 145, the purpose of which will be hereinafter explained.
One of the chief purposes of this back-lock is to prevent accidental retraction
of the bolt-actuator while the firing-pin is in a retracted firing position with its
depending-arm in engagement with the sear, as shown in Figure 3. This back-lock
forms a
"dead-lock" against accidental retraction of the bolt-actuator when the
parts are in the position shown in Figure 3, with the bolt in its extreme forward
position, and will retain said bolt-actuator in such condition until the back-lock is
released from engagement with the actuator-arm 33, either through the medium of
the trigger, by depression of the sear-arm, or until said back-lock is depressed and
released from engagement with the actuator-arm, independently of the scar, through
the medium of the back-lock-actuator K, Figure 39. This back-lock actuator is
journalled in the receiver and is adapted to engage with the projection 145 of the
back-lock to depress the forward end thereof and release it from engagement with
the bolt-actuator arm without effecting the position of the sear, as will be herein-
after more fully described.
The back-lock actuator, see Figures 64, 65, consists of a short crank-shaft, 146,
which is loosely journalled in a transverse recess 147, formed through the left-hand
wall of the receiver above and slightly in the rear of the cam or projection 145 of
the back-lock H. Formed upon, or secured to the inner end of this shaft 146, is a
short crank-arm, or cam 148, which depends below the upper end, and in the path
of movement of the cam-projection 145 of the back-lock when the parts are in the
position illustrated in Figure 3, and secured to the outer end of said crank-shaft is
a lever, or arm 149, which is turned upwardly and provided with a thumb-piece 150,
at its forward end. This actuator-lever arm 149, (preferably constructed of
resilient metal) is fitted to closely impinge on the outer face of the receiver and
has a projection 151, upon its inner face near its forward end adapted to enter
recesses in the outer face of the wall 4 of the receiver to lock the said arm against
accidental movement in its operative or inoperative position, as may be desired.
This back-lock actuator, in connection with the back-lock, performs an important
function, in that it enables the back-lock H to be thrown out of engagement with
the actuator-arm when the parts are in the position shown in Figure 3, without
disturbing the position of the sear with relation to the firing-pin arm, thus enabling
the bolt-actuator to be retracted without firing the cartridge contained in the gun-
barrel and permitting said cartridge to be withdrawn as is sometimes desirable.
To disengage the back-lock from the bolt-actuator-arm, without firing the gun, and
when the parts are in the position shown in Figure 3, it is simply necessary to
slightly elevate the forward end of the actuating-lever 149 of the crank-shaft
which will throw the crank-arm 148 at the inner end thereof against the cam 145
of the back-lock, thereby depressing the forward end of said back-lock, releasing
it from engagement with the bolt-actuator arm and permitting said bolt-actuator to
be retracted; the back-lock, during this operation, swings in its bearings in the
sear without effecting the position of said sear with relation to the firing-pin-arm.
As a means for ejecting the cartridge as this is withdrawn from the firing-
chamber by the extractor upon the bolt E, during its retraction, an ejector 69, is
provided, pivoted at 68¹ between ears 691, at the upper end of the guard-block with
its forward end 69, projecting forward and upward. The said ejector has an

page_text: actuating-arm 71, at its rear end, which said arm reaches upward into the groove 72,
formed in the underside of the bolt E, Figures 3, 4, 8 and 20, the said ejector-
arm 71 lying in a vertical plane with relation to the longitudinal axis of the bolt
and in the path of movement of the cartridge-shell. The said groove, at its
forward end, is shaped as at 73, to form a cam, which on the retraction of the bolt,
strikes and depresses the upwardly projecting arm 71 of the ejector, and thereby
throwing the forwardly projecting arm 69, upward as shown in Figure 6, causing it
to strike the underside of the cartridge-shell and thereby eject the shell upward
through the slot 6 of the receiver.
The magazine herein shown, which is designated in a general way by M, consists
of a casing comprising two side-walls 170, 171, cut away at the centre, as shown
at 170 and 171, respectively, and front and rear walls 172 and 173, respectively,
the rear one 173 of which is recessed as shown at 1731, to permit the entrance and
operation of the cartridge-lifter G. As shown in the drawing, the lower ends of
the side-walls of the magazine are inwardly flanged, and one of the said flanges is
on a lower plane than the other to support the follower or platform L, (which is of
stepped construction) upon which the cartridges rest. This follower is constructed
for supporting two corresponding and independent columns of cartridges located
side by side within the magazine-case. One of the said columns, shown at the
right-hand in Figure 26, rests upon the lower step 184, of the follower, while the
other column shown at the left-hand in said figure, rests upon the lower step 185,
this step being elevated above said lower step by a distance of about one-half of
the diameter of the cartridge. In practice, the cartridges are allowed to slightly
intermesh as shown in Figures 3 and 26, for the purpose of properly steadying one
column against and by means of the other, but there should be sufficient room
widthwise within the magazine-case so that the cartridges of one column shall not
directly lift those of the other column. By this arrangement, both columns of
cartridges may be fed upwardly, by means as hereinafter described, without
crowding or jambing therein. The left-hand side-wall of the magazine-case is
inwardly flanged at its front and rear ends to form side-lips 186, and 187, against
which the uppermost cartridge of the left-hand column of cartridges bears and is
held in position to be engaged by one of the projections 20 at the lower forward
end of the sliding-bolt during the forward closing movement of the bolt.
The uppermost cartridge at the top of one of the columns (this being shown at
the left-hand in Figure 26) is held between the rear flange of the lip 186 of the
magazine-case and uppermost cartridge 190, of the adjacent column, the flange of
the cartridge extending somewhat below the lower left-hand projection 20 at the
front end of the bolt E, as shown in dotted lines in Figure 26. On pushing forward
the bolt, this drives the said uppermost cartridge forward and the point of the
cartridge is lifted and guided by the incline 50, see Figure 27, upwardly and into
the bore of the barrel C, being at the same time carried above the side-lip 187
of the magazine-case, so that when the cartridge has gone forward somewhat less
than half its length in the barrel, the head of the cartridge will have been lifted
clear of the magazine-case ready to be carried upward into the position ready for
firing. After firing this cartridge and ejecting the shell, the uppermost cartridge
of the adjoining column of cartridges will be elevated sufficiently to be engaged by
the right-hand projection 21 at the lower forward end of the bolt, and at the next
forward movement of the bolt E, this cartridge will be similarly driven forward
out of the magazine into the gun-barrel. Thus the uppermost cartridges of the
columns of cartridges, are alternately acted upon and driven forward by the bolt.
The follower L, upon which the cartridges are supported as before described, is
free to have vertical movement within the magazine-case, and is elevated with
relation to the said case for the purpose of feeding the cartridges into firing-
position. As a means for elevating the follower L, to feed the cartridges to the
gun-barrel, a swinging cartridge-lifter G, is provided. This cartridge-lifter is
removably secured to a shaft 130, journalled at its ends, as before described in the
side-walls of the guard-block, and consists of an arm 132, having its forward end
B

page_text: bent upwardly as shown at 133, in Figure 48, which arm is of sufficient length
to project into the magazine-case and engage the follower L at its underside about
midway of its length. The extreme outer end of the upwardly projecting portion
of the arm 132 of the cartridge-lifter is shaped as shown at 134, to correspond to
the cross-sectional shape of the follower L, and is of a width approximately equal
to the width of said follower. This cartridge-lifter is held normally in yielding
contact with the follower by means, preferably, of a volute spring 139, wound
upon and secured at one end to the shaft, and at its opposite end to the guard-
block.
Secured to, or formed upon, the outer end of the cartridge-lifter shaft, and
located outside the guard-block, is a cartridge-lifter lever 135, which is so set with
relation to the cartridge-lifter arm 132, that, when said arm is in its highest position,
or in the position it assumes when the follower has been relieved of its last
cartridge, the said lever will lie in the position shown by dotted lines in Figure 1,
slightly inclined backward from a vertical line and its upper end will engage the
lower face of a projection 136, at the upper forward end of the bolt-actuator, thus
preventing a retraction of the bolt-actuator until the cartridge-lifter lever has been
moved forward out of engagement with the projection 136 thereon.
Formed upon the rear end of the cartridge-lifter, is a catch or notch 137,
adapted to be engaged, when the cartridge-lifter is in its lowest position, by a
catch 138, formed upon the underside of the cartridge-lifter locking arm 68, which
locking-arm is pivoted above the shaft of the cartridge-lifter, as hereinbefore
described, and loosely rests at its forward end, when the magazine is in place in
the receiver, against the rear wall of said magazine, and with its catch out of
engagement with the catch upon the cartridge-lifter. This cartridge-lifter locking
arm 68 is in the nature of a gravity-pawl, it being pivoted at its rear end and
having its catch slightly in advance of said pivotal point. This locking-arm is
automatic in its action, as it will be seen, by reference to the drawings, when a
magazine becomes empty, the cartridge-lifter arm being in the position shown by
dotted lines in Figure 1, will be pressed forward, carrying the cartridge-lifter to
the position shown in Figure 8, the magazine being thus released drops out of the
receiver. As soon as the upper end of the magazine passes, in dropping out of
the receiver, the forward end of the cartridge-lifter locking arm, the said arm will
immediately drop from the position shown in Figure 3, to a position for engage-
ment with the cartridge-lifter catch, as shown in Figure 8, thus automatically
locking the cartridge-lifter in a retracted position until another cartridge-
magazine is inserted. During the insertion of a cartridge-magazine, the upper
end of said magazine will strike the forward end of the locking-arm 68 which
protrudes into the path of movement thereof, thus lifting the said locking-arm
and automatically releasing its catch from engagement with the catch upon the
cartridge-lifter, and the spring 139 will then act to throw the cartridge-lifter
forward into engagement with the follower and into operative position to feed the
cartridges upward to the gun-barrel.
By this construction and organization of the cartridge-lifter lever and bolt-
actuator, as herein before described, whereby said lever engages and locks the bolt-
actuator against retraction, when the cartridge-lifter is in its uppermost position,
or in the position it assumes when the cartridge-magazine is empty, a result is
obtained greatly advantageous to guns of this class, as by locking the bolt against
retraction when the last cartridge is fired, the gunner is made cognizant of the
fact that the magazine is emptied of cartridges, thereby enabling him to replace the
empty magazine by a filled one and thus obviating the liability of actuating an
empty or ineffective gun, as might frequently occur owing to the noise and excitement
in active service.
Formed upon the outer face of the guard block Figures 1 and 62 is an indicator 200,
herein shown as consisting of a series of alternate lines and spaces radiation from
the axis of the cartridge-lifter lever, herein shown as ten in number and designated
by characters, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10, respectively, which said lines and spaces

page_text: are so arranged with relation to the different positions assumed by the cartridge-
lifter lever as to show in connection with said lever (which also acts as a pointer)
the number of cartridges contained in the cartridge-magazine.
As a means for locking the cartridge-lifter against upward movement without
removing the cartridge-magazine, as is sometimes desirable, a cut-off, or cartridge-
lifter stop, designated in a general way by M' is provided to engage the face 135¹,
of the cartridge-lifter lever when this is thrown forward toward the front end of
the
gun, as shown by dotted lines in Figure 1, and prevents further upward move-
ment thereof. This cut-off consists of a block 201, recessed to slide upon a
tongue 202, formed upon the inner face of the right-hand side-wall of the receiver,
which receiver is recessed as shown at 203, to receive and permit the sliding move-
ment of said cut-off block 201. See Figures 1, 16 and 61. Upon the outer face
of said block is a projection 204, adapted, when the block is in its backward
position, to engage with the upper face of the cartridge-lifter lever. Formed upon
the forward end of said block is an arm 205, preferably of spring-steel, which
tightly bears against the face of the receiver, and has a detent-catch 26, Figure 63,
formed upon its inner face to engage in notches formed in the outer face of said
receiver, as shown by dotted lines in Figure 61, to hold the cut-off M' in its operative
or inoperative position with relation to the cartridge-lifter lever.
When it is desired to prevent upward movement of the cartridge-lifter, and
consequently the feeding of the cartridges contained in the magazine, it is simply
necessary to throw the cartridge-lifter-lever forward below the plane of movement
of the cut-off, and slide the cut-off backward into engagement with the upper
face thereof, after which the gun may be used as a single-loader, if desired.
The general operation of the fire-arm is as follows:-
The gun having been fired and the bolt remaining closed, as shown in Figure 4,
the gunner seizing the handle 93 of the bolt-actuator draws backward thereon to
retract the bolt-mechanisın out its full stroke to its extreme rearward position, as
shown in Figure 6. The first movement of the actuator F is to turn itself, and by
means of its lifting-arm 42, lift the rearward end of the bolt from its position in
Figure 4, to its position in Figure 5, with the recoil-abutment 24 of the bolt just
clear of the recoil-abutment 22 of the receiver. This movement of said actuator
carries the actuator-arm 33 backward against the firing-pin arm 26 and retracts
the firing-pin to the position shown in Figure 5, engaging the catch 27 of said
firing-pin arm over the end of the actuator-arm and thereby locking the actuator
firmly in its retracted position. This position of the bolt-mechanism having been
reached, the further drawing back upon the actuator-handle 93 slides the bolt,
while the actuator remains in its inclined position backward, to its retracted
position shown in Figure 6. The first described lifting movement of the bolt acts,
as hereinbefore set forth, after the manner of a powerful lever to forcibly withdraw
the cartridge a short distance, but with correspondingly great force from the
cartridge chamber 106; the cartridge-shell having been thus started from its seat
is thereafter readily drawn back, so that this may readily be done by a direct pull
upon the handle 93 of the bolt-mechanism. Just previous to reaching its fully
retracted position, the ejector-cam 73 on the underside of the bolt strikes the
arm 71 of the ejector and forcibly throws this downward, and the ejector-arm 69
being thereby thrown upward ejects the shell upward through the mortise 6 of the
receiver as hereinbefore more fully set forth, and as illustrated in connection with
Figure 6. The shell having been ejected and another cartridge brought up from
the magazine to the position shown in Figure 6, forward of the bolt, the operator
then pushes forward the bolt by a steady pressure upon the actuator-lever
handle 93. The first forward movement of the bolt drives the cartridge forward
with its point against the guide-way 191 which lifts the cartridge-point upward to
the gun-chamber so that during the remaining forward movement of the bolt the
cartridge is slid into place in said chamber. The bolt having gone forward to the
position shown in Figure 7, the lower end of the firing-pin arm 26 engages the sear

page_text: and is thereby held retracted during the remaining forward movement of the bolt
mechanism; at the same time the forwardly extending actuator-arm 42 reache
under the guide-arm 43 of the receiver, thereby preventing any forwardly shifting
movement of the bolt-actuator relatively to the bolt until the bolt has gone forward
to bring its recoil-abutment 24 forward of the receiver recoil-abutment 22; at the
same time the guide-face 40 of the bolt-actuator by riding on the guide-face 41 of
the receiver prevents the pressure upon the actuator (after the unhooking of the
actuator-arm 43 from the firing-pin-arm 26) from turning the actuator and thus
prematurely tending to lower the bolt which would cramp the parts and prevent
their free action. This construction and organization of the parts ensures the
releasing of the actuator-arm from the firing-pin catch prior to the beginning of
the forward rotary movement of the actuator. The bolt-mechanism having been
drawn forward, as set forth, to the position shown in Figure 7, with the actuator
abutment-face 44 forward of the corresponding receiver abutment-face 45, the
continued pressure upon the actuator-handle now turns or shifts said actuator
from the position shown in Figure 7 to that shown in Figure 3, thereby carrying
down the bolt (by means of the lever-arm 42 of the safety cam 37 hereinbefore
described) which draws down the actuator and bolt together, and locks the same in
their closed position; at the same time the back-lock actuator-catch H, is thrown
upward by the sear-spring with its forward end into locked engagement with the
rear side of the depending actuator-arm, thus securing a
66 dead-lock"
accidental retraction of the bolt-actuator. until after the gun has been fired, or
to prevent
until the back-lock actuator-catch has been depressed by means of the back-lock
actuator K, as hereinbefore described. The gun now being loaded and locked
ready for firing, the gunner has only to take aim, and when ready to fire, pull the
trigger; this through the connections described, retracts the sear from its engage-
ment with the firing-pin which is then thrown forward by the firing-spring 32 to
strike with its point 107 the cap of the cartridge and thus fire the same, this action
simultaneously releasing the back-lock from locked engagement with the bolt-
actuator arm. The gun having been fired, is then ready for the repetition of the
loading operation which is again performed as herein before described.
That element of the bolt-mechanism which is designated as the "firing-pin" not
only constitutes a pin for firing the cartridge, but the rearward portion thereof also
serves as a spring-actuated bolt-actuator-locker. Considering said element only as
an actuator-locker operating for the purpose specified, it consists, in the preferred
form thereof herein shown, of the rod 25 provided with an arm 26 and having a
hook or catch 27 engaging the depending-arm of the actuator for locking the same
in its retracted position; the object of this arrangement being to temporarily and
securely lock the actuator against any shifting movement relatively to the bolt
during the operation of withdrawing and sliding forward the bolt-mechanism. By
this means the handle of the shiftable actuator F is made to serve as a handle for
operating the bolt as set forth, and operates both parts by a continuous single
stroke; also the actuator is thereby prevented from having any premature
forwardly-shifting movement relatively to the bolt.
In view of its function of serving as a lever for starting the cartridge, the sliding-
bolt in some of the claims is designated as a "lever-bolt," it serving as a lever for
the purpose specified. The projection or arm 113 herein before fully described
constitutes the fulcrum which bears against the fulcrum-seat or bearing at 109 for
drawing back the cartridge-supporting face of the bolt and the extractor-hook
adjacent thereto during the transverse movement of the rearward end of the lever-
bolt. The length of the aforesaid fulcrum-arm 113 i.e. the distance between the
extractor and the effective fulcrum 108-is comparatively short relatively to the
length of the bolt, and may be regulated in practice to correspond to the length of
the bolt and the extent of the transverse movement of the rearward end thereof in
connection with the distance to which it may be required to draw the cartridge-
shell before this becomes so freed from engagement with the bore of the barrel as
to be readily withdrawn by the direct pull of the bolt.

page_text: The element which is designated by 39 and which in the form thereof herein
shown, constitutes the sear for operating the firing-pin, serves, independently of its
connection with the firing of the cartridge, as a support of the back-lock herein-
before described, which back-lock serves as a dead-lock for the bolt-actuator arm
when the parts are in the position illustrated in Figure 3, the said sear retaining
said back-lock in locked engagement with the said bolt-actuator arm while the bolt
is in its extreme forward locked position, as hereinbefore more fully described.
By the term "sliding-bolt" as used herein, is meant the longitudinally recipro-
cating bolt arranged rearwardly of the gun-barrel for opening and closing the
same, said bolt being drawn back by a longitudinal movement thereof for opening
the barrel and extracting the cartridge, and carried forward by the reverse longi-
tudinal movement thereof to drive the cartridge forward into the gun-barrel and
close the bore thereof.
The detent-catch 7 for holding the bolt-mechanism in the gun, also serves as a
guide for controlling the sliding movement of the bolt. The forward side 114 of
said detent-catch is inclined to form a cam-face for engaging the rearward end-cam-
face 115 of the sliding detent-pin 12 for the purpose of guiding this pin from the
position shown in Figure 24, to that shown in Figure 23, when, after releasing the
detent-pin by drawing back the slide 13, the operator draws the bolt-mechanism
backwards to remove the same from the gun. When it is required to remove the
detent-holding slide 13, the operator has only to lift the spring 15 so that its
catch 16 will be disengaged from the bolt-catch 17 and thus allow the slide 13 to be
elid forward in the groove 116 and removed from the bolt.
The lever 42 of the oscillating bolt-actuator Facts in the nature of a cam,
especially during the backward movement thereof for opening the holt. The extent
to which the lever or arm referred to conforms to the usual operation of a lever or
cam, will, of course, depend upon the particular form and proportions of said parts,
and those proportions may be varied within considerable limits without materially
modifying the action of this element of the complete bolt-mechanism.
66
"
By the term transverse niovement as applied to the bolt of the gun, is meant
that motion which, according to this present invention, said bolt has in a direction
crosswise to the line of its longitudinal reciprocating movement, this latter movement
being substantially in alignment with the bore of the gun.
The recoil-abutment 22 of the receiver being formed inclined substantially as
shown, the bolt E when this is closed transversely from the position shown in
Figure 7 to that shown in Figure 3, is forced slightly forward with great power for
the purpose of driving the cartridge firmly into place in the bore of the gun.
Said transverse closing movement of the bolt being effected by suitable mechanical
appliances operating substantially as herein set forth, is readily accomplished by a
slight forward pressure on the handle 93 of the bolt-actuator.
By supporting the bolt-locker or bolt-actuator upon the bolt in the manner set
forth, and extending the handle-arm thereof downwardly by the side of the stock
of the gun, the handle is brought into a position which enables the gunner to
operate the bolt-mechanism without taking the gun from his shoulder, thus reducing
by two, the number of "movements which would otherwise be required for
operating the fire-arm.
"
By means of this present invention an important object is accomplished in
simplifying the management of the gun, the entire operation of the breech-loading
mechanism being effected by continuous strokes of the handle 93 forwardly and
backwardly alongside the gun-stock.
One of the results attained by the moving forward of the bolt while it is in the
inclined position described, is that the forward end of the bolt bears against the
head of the cartridge only on the rim thereof, until after the cartridge has been so
far forced home that it may be safely exploded, and until after the bolt has been
moved transversely so far behind the recoil-abutment as to make it safe to explode
the cartridge. By this means, the danger inherent in some breech-loading guns is
overcome, which danger arises, usually, from the protrusion of the cap beyond the

page_text: plane of the cartridge-head; this defect in ammunition, as is well-known, is
frequently met with. According to the present system of handling the cartridge
whereby the pressure is applied only to the rim of the cartridge-head, until this is
safely placed in its firing-position, the accidental firing of the cartridge by the
impingement of the bolt, during the closing thereof upon a protruding cap, is
obviated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a bolt-gun, the use of a receiver having a recoil abutment and adapted to
carry a sliding bolt, and a bolt fitted to slide in said receiver and capable of
transverse movement from and into engagement with said recoil-abutment in
combination with means, substantially as described, for operating said bolt and
locking the same with relation to the receiver, substantially as herein set forth.
2. In a bolt-gun, the use of a receiver having a recoil-abutment and constructed
to carry a sliding bolt and to hold said bolt against retraction, and a non rotatable
bolt fitted to slide in the receiver longitudinally of the bore of the gun and
adapted to have, when in its forward position, transverse movements from and
into engagement with the recoil-abutment of the receiver, in combination with a
bolt-actuator carried by the bolt and constructed to engage the receiver when the
bolt is in its forward position and to disengage itself from the receiver on the
retractive sliding movement of the bolt, said actuator being adapted to be shifted
relatively to the bolt for engagement and disengagement with and from the receiver
recoil-abutment, substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.
3. In a bolt-gun, the use of a receiver adapted to carry a sliding bolt and having
a recoil-abutment and an actuator-engaging abutment, in combination with a bolt
fitted to slide in said receiver and adapted to have, at one end thereof, a transverse
movement from and into engagement with the receiver recoil-abutment, substantially
as described, and a shiftable bolt-actuator or -locker carried by the bolt and
adapted to engage the actuator-abutment of the receiver when the bolt is thrown
forward, whereby the bolt may be unlocked and drawn backward by one continuous
movement of the actuator, and be thrown forward and locked by a
movement of said actuator, substantially as described.
reverse
4. In a bolt-gun, the use of a receiver adapted to carry a sliding bolt and having
a recoil-abutment and actuator-arm-engaging-catch, in combination with a bolt
fitted to slide in said receiver and adapted to have, at one end thereof, a transverse
movement from and into engagement with the recoil-abutment of the receiver, and
a bolt-actuator carried by the bolt having a cam adapted to engage the actuator-
arm engaging catch of the receiver when the bolt is closed to prevent transverse
movement of the bolt, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.
5. In a bolt-gun, the herein described organization of bolt-mechanism, consisting,
essentially, of a receiver adapted to carry a sliding bolt and having an actuator-
abutment; a bolt fitted to slide longitudinally in the receiver and adapted to have,
at one end thereof, transverse movements from and into engagement with the
recoil-abutment, a firing-pin, substantially as described, carried by the bolt, and a
bolt-actuator carried by the bolt and adapted, when the bolt is in its forward
position, to engage said actuator-abutment for opening the bolt, and having an arm
engaging the firing-pin for retracting the same during the transverse opening
movement of the bolt, all co-acting substantially as and for the purpose herein
set forth.
6. In a bolt-gun, the use of a receiver adapted to carry a sliding bolt and having
a recoil-abutment, in combination with a bolt fitted to slide in the receiver and
adapted to have, at one end thereof, a transverse movement from and into
engagement with the recoil-abutment, a bolt-actuator-locker, substantially as
described, carried by the bolt and having an actuator-engaging-catch, a bolt-
actuator carried by the bolt having an arm constructed to engage the bolt-actuator

page_text: locker-catch for locking the actuator in its retracted position, and an actuator-
locker-retractor located in the gun to engage the actuator-locker for unlocking the
actuator at the close of the forward movement of the bolt in the manner and
substantially as herein described.
7. In a bolt-gun, the herein described organization of co-operating bolt-
mechanism, consisting, essentially, of a receiver adapted to carry a sliding bolt,
and having a recoil-abutment and an actuator-lever bearing, a bolt fitted to slide in
the receiver, and adapted to have, at one end thereof, a transverse movement from
and into engagement with the recoil-abutment of the receiver, an actuator-locker
substantially as described, carried by the bolt and having an actuator-engaging-
catch, a bolt-actuator carried by the bolt and having a lever adapted, when the bolt
is in its forward position, to engage said lever-bearing for opening and closing said
bolt and having an arm constructed to engage, when the actuator is retracted, the
actuator-engaging-catch, and a locker-actuator located to engage said actuator-
locker after the actuator-lever-arm comes into engagement, during the forward
movement of the bolt, with said lever-bearing, whereby the locked actuator is
unlocked at the close of the forward movement of the bolt for closing the bolt
forward of the recoil-abutment, substantially as herein described.
8. In a bolt-gun, the use of a receiver constructed and arranged to carry &
sliding bolt and having a recoil-abutment, a bolt-locker abutment and a lever-
bearing, substantially as described, in combination with a bolt fitted for transverse
and longitudinal movements in said receiver, as set forth, to engage and disengage
the receiver recoil-abutment, and a shiftable bolt-locker carried by the bolt and
adapted to engage the locker-abutment when the bolt is closed, and having a lever-
arm engaging the lever-abutment when the bolt is in its forward position, whereby
said lever, by one shifting movement of the bolt-locker, will operate to simul-
taneously close the bolt forward of the recoil-abutment and carry the bolt-locker
forward of said bolt-locker-abutment, substantially as herein described.
9. In a bolt-gun, the use of a receiver constructed substantially as described, to
carry a sliding bolt, and having a recoil-abutment, a locker-abutinent and a
hooking-engaging-catch, a bolt fitted to slide in the receiver and capable of
transverse movement with relation thereto for engagement and disengagement with
and from the receiver recoil-abutment, in combination with a shiftable bolt-locker
carried by the bolt and adapted to engage the locker-abutment of the receiver when
the bolt is closed, and having a hook to engage said receiver-hook-catch when the
bolt is in a closed position, whereby the bolt is simultaneously double locked against
retraction and held against transverse opening-movement, substantially as and for
the purpose herein described.
10. In a holt-gun, the herein described bolt-actuating and locking mechanism
organized and co-acting, substantially as set forth, and consisting, essentially, of a
receiver adapted for carrying a sliding bolt, and having a recoil-abutment, a locker-
abutment, a lever-bearing and a hooked catch, a bolt fitted to slide in the receiver
and adapted to have, at one end thereof, a transverse movement from and into
engagement with the recoil-abutment, a shiftable bolt-locker carried by the bolt and
adapted to engage the locker-abutment when the bolt is closed and having a lever-
arm engaging the lever-abutment when the bolt is in its forward position, and
having a hook adapted to engage the hooked catch of the receiver, whereby one
shifting movement of the bolt-locker will simultaneously close the bolt forward of
the recoil-abutment, carry the bolt-locker forward of said bolt-locker-engaging-
abutment, and carry said bolt-locker hook into engagement with the receiver
hooked-catch, substantially as described.
11. In a bolt-gun, the use of a receiver having a recoil-abutment and carrying a
bolt having longitudinal and transverse movements therein and adapted for engage-
ment with and from the recoil-abutment, in combination with a firing-pin,
substantially as described, carried by the bolt and adapted to have longitudinal
novement therein; a bolt-actuator movably supported on the bolt and engaging the
receiver when the bolt is in its forward position for imparting transverse opening

page_text: and closing movements to the bolt, and a firing-pin-stop carried by said actuator
into the path of the firing-pin during the transverse opening movement of the bolt,
whereby the firing-pin is held in a retracted position and the firing of the gun is
prevented when the bolt is not fully closed, substantially as set forth.
12. The herein described bolt-mechanism for bolt guns, comprising, essentially, a
receiver having a recoil-abutment and hook-engaging-catch, and constructed to
carry a sliding bolt, a bolt fitted to slide in the receiver and adapted to have
transverse movements from and into engagement with the recoil-abutment, a firing-
pin, substantially as described, carried by the bolt and adapted to have longitudinal
movements therein, a bolt-actuator carried by the bolt and adapted to move said
bolt transversely into and out from engagement with the recoil-abutment of the
receiver, and a hook carried by the bolt-actuator and adapted to engage the
receiver hook-catch when the bolt is closed and constructed to extend into the path
of the firing pin during the first retractive movement of the bolt whereby forward
movement of the firing-pin is prevented when the hook is not fully engaged with said
catch, substantially as and for the purpose described.
13. In a bolt-gun, the use of a receiver having an inclined recoil-abutment,
substantially as described, and adapted to carry a sliding bolt, in combination with
a bolt constructed to slide longitudinally in the receiver and to engage said inclined
recoil-abutment of the receiver, and adapted to have, when in its forward position,
transverse movements from and into engagement with said abutment, and means,
substantially as set forth, for transversely closing the bolt upon said inclined
abutment, whereby the bolt is driven slightly forward during said transverse
closing movement to force the cartridge into the bore of the gun, substantially as
described.
14. In a bolt-gun, the use of a receiver adapted to carry a sliding bolt, and
having a recoil-abutment and a lever-bolt fulcrum-bearing, in combination with a
lever-bolt fitted to slide in the receiver and adapted to have, at the rear end thereof,
transverse movements from and into engagement with the receiver-recoil-abutment,
and having at the forward end thereof a fulcrum contiguous, when the bolt is in its
forward position, to said fulcrum-bearing and provided with a cartridge-extractor
and means for imparting a transverse movement to the rearward end of the bolt for
simultaneously disengaging the bolt from the recoil-abutment and starting the
cartridge from the bore of the gun, substantially as described.
15. The herein described organization, in a bolt-gun, of co-acting bolt-mechanism,
comprising, essentially, a receiver adapted to carry a sliding boit, and having a
recoil-abutment, a bolt-actuator-bearing and a lever-bolt fulcrum-bearing; a lever-
bolt fitted to slide in the receiver and adapted to have, at the rearward end thereof,
a transverse movement from and into engagement with the recoil-abutment, and
having at the forward end thereof, a fulcrum contiguous, when the bolt is in its
forward position, to the fulcrum-bearing of the receiver, and a shiftable bolt-
actuator operating intermediate to the bolt and said actuator-bearing to impart a
transverse opening movement to the bolt, whereby the bolt, during its disengage-
ment from the recoil-abutment, constitutes a lever for starting the cartridge, all
combined and operating substantially in the manner and for the purpose
set forth.
16. In a bolt-gun, the use of a receiver adapted to carry a sliding bolt and
having a recoil-abutment, a bolt-actuator-bearing and a lever-bolt-fulcrum-bearing,
substantially as described, combined with a lever-bolt fitted to, and sliding in the
receiver, and adapted to have, at the rearward end thereof, a transverse movement
from and into engagement with the recoil-abutment and having at the forward end
thereof, a fulcrum contiguous, when the bolt is in its forward position, to said
fulcrum-bearing and provided with a cartridge-extractor, and an oscillating bolt-
actuator, which actuator is journalled in the bolt and constructed, when the bolt is
in its forward position, to engage said actuator-bearing and adapted to impart, on
the forward and backward turning movements thereof, transverse closing and
opening movements, respectively, to throw it into and out from engagement with the

page_text: recoil-abutment, and operating in connection with the cartridge-extractor, when the
bolt is disengaged from the recoil-abutment, as a lever for starting the cartridge,
substantially as described.
17. The herein described organization in a bolt-gun, of co-acting bolt-actuating
and locking-mechanism, comprising, essentially, a receiver adapted to carry a
sliding bolt, and having a recoil-abutment and actuator-guides, substantially as set
forth, a bolt fitted to and sliding in the receiver, and adapted to have transverse
movements from and into engagement with the recoil-abutment, an actuator-catch
movably supported on the bolt, an oscillating bolt-actuator carried by said bolt and
constructed to engage, when in its retracted position, said catch, and also constructed
to engage said actuator-guides during the latter period of the forward movement of
the bolt, and means, substantially as set forth, for disengaging said catch from the
actuator after it engages said guide, whereby the bolt-actuator is held against
movement relatively to the bolt after the disengagement of said catch during a
continued forward stroke of the bolt, substantially as described.
18. In a bolt-gun, the use of a receiver carrying a sliding bolt constructed and
operating, substantially as described, in combination with a bolt-actuator carried by
the bolt and having an actuator-arm adapted to engage with a projection upon
the receiver when the bolt is in its forward closed position to lock the bolt against
transverse movement with relation to the receiver, a firing-pin and its arm, a sear
arranged to engage said firing-pin-arm for holding the firing-pin retracted, and
a-back-lock adapted to engage the actuator-arm when the bolt-mechanism is in
its position for firing, and to prevent accidental retraction thereof, substantially as
described.
19. In a gun the use of a receiver carrying a sliding bolt, substantially as
described, in combination with a bolt-actuator having a locking-arm, a sear, and
an independently operable back-lock interposed between the sear and locking-arm
of the actuator and adapted to engage with said locking-arm when the bolt is in its
forward closed position to prevent accidental retraction thereof, substantially as and
for the purpose described.
20. In a bolt-gun, the use of a receiver carrying a reciprocatory bolt and an
oscillating bolt-locker, in combination with an independently operable back-lock
constructed to engage with and disengage from the bolt-locker, substantially in the
manner and for the purpose described.
21. In a bolt-gun, the use of a receiver carrying a reciprocatory bolt and a
firing-pin having a firing-pin-arm, in combination with bolt-actuating and
locking-mechanism, comprising a bolt-actuator carried by the bolt and having the
locking-arm, a sear arranged to engage said firing-pin-arm for holding the same
retracted, and a back-lock carried by the sear and in position to engage the locking-
arm of the bolt-actuator and lock the same against accidental retraction when the
bolt is in its firing-position, substantially as herein described.
22. In a bolt-gun, the use of a receiver carrying a reciprocatory bolt and a
firing-pin having a firing-pin-arm, a sear arranged to engage the firing-pin-arm to
hold the same in a retracted position, and back-locking mechanism to prevent
accidental retraction of the bolt-actuator, consisting of an independently operable
back-lock pivotally supported by the sear in position to engage with the locking-arm
of the actuator, substantially as described, and an independent back-lock-actuator
constructed and arranged to engage with the back-lock to throw the same out of
engagement with the locking-arm of the actuator, substantially in the manner and
for the purpose herein described.
23. The herein described organization, in a bolt-gun, of co-acting mechanism,
consisting, essentially, of a receiver carrying a sliding bolt, a bolt-actuator having a
locking-arm, a firing-pin carried in the bolt and having a firing-pin-arm, an
oscillating bolt-actuator carried by the bolt and having a locking-arm, a spring-
actuated sear arranged to engage with the firing-pin-arm to hold the firing-pin in a
retracted position, a back-lock intermediate to the sear and bolt-locking arm and in
C

page_text: position to engage and prevent retraction of said locking-arm, and means substan-
tially as described, for independently actuating the back-lock to disengage it from
the locking-arm, and a trigger to actuate the sear, all operating in a manner and for
the purpose herein set forth.
24. In a bolt-gun, the use of a receiver carrying a reciprocatory bolt and an
oscillating bolt-locker, in combination with a spring-actuated sear and back-locking
mechanism consisting of a back-lock pivotally supported by the sear in position to
engage the bolt-locker and lock the same against retraction, and a back-lock
actuator consisting of a crank-shaft having means, substantially as described, to
engage said back-lock and throw the same into an inoperative position with relation
to the bolt-locker and having an operating lever connected therewith, all substan-
tially in a manner and for the purpose set forth.
25. In a bolt-gun, the use of a receiver carrying a sliding bolt and recessed to
receive a cartridge-case, in combination with a cartridge-case and cartridge-lifting-
mechanism, consisting, essentially, of a cartridge-supporting-follower loosely
contained within the cartridge-case, a pivoted spring-actuated cartridge-lifter, an
actuating-lever therefor, and means, substantially as described, for locking said
cartridge-lifter in a retracted or inoperative position, all co-acting in the manner
and for the purpose set forth.
26. In a bolt-gun, the use of a receiver carrying a sliding bolt and a bolt-actuator,
a magazine supported in said receiver in combination with a spring-actuated
cartridge-lifter having an actuating-lever constructed to engage, when the cartridge-
lifter is in its uppermost position, with the bolt-actuator to prevent retraction
thereof, substantially in the manner and for the purpose described.
27. In a bolt-gun, the use of a receiver carrying a sliding bolt, and a bolt-locker-
actuator, in combination with a cartridge-case supported in said receiver, and
cartridge-lifting and actuator-locking mechanism, consisting, essentially, of a
cartridge-supporting-follower, a pivoted spring-actuated cartridge-lifter having an
arm adapted to engage and lift the said follower and having an actuating-lever so
arranged with relation to the cartridge-lifter and bolt-actuator as to engage and
lock the actuator against retraction when the cartridge-lifter and follower are in
their most elevated position, as when the cartridge-case is empty, and a cartridge-
lifter locker so arranged with relation to the cartridge-lifter and cartridge-case as to
automatically engage and lock the cartridge-lifter in a retracted or depressed
condition when the cartridge-case is withdrawn from the receiver, and automatically
release the said cartridge-lifter when a cartridge-case is inserted in the receiver, all
constructed and arranged, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein
described.
a
28. In a bolt-gun, the use of a receiver carrying a sliding bolt and actuating-
mechanism, and a cartridge-case and cartridge-lifter, in combination with
graduated indicator-plate and an indicator-arm connected with the cartridge-lifter
in such manner with relation to the indicator plate as to automatically indicate
the number of cartridges contained in the cartridge-case, substantially as
described.
29. In a bolt-gun, the use of a receiver having a detent-stop or projection, and
a bolt having a groove for said detent-stop, which bolt is carried by and is
longitudinally movable in said receiver, in combination with means for removably
securing the bolt within the receiver, consisting of a transversely movable detent-
pin carried by the bolt and extending into said groove in the path of the detent-
stop of the receiver, and meaus for shifting said pin with relation to the bolt
whereby the bolt-mechanism may be withdrawn from the receiver, substantially in
the manner described.
30. In a bolt-gun, the use of a receiver having a detent-catch adapted for
carrying a sliding bolt, and having a detent-stop, and of a bolt, substantially as
described, having a catch in combination with a transversely movable detent-pin
carried by the bolt and adapted to engage the detent-stop of the receiver, and a

page_text: detent-pin actuating-slide having a spring catch engaging the catch of the bolt for
holding said slide in place when it is in use, substantially in a manner and for the
purpose herein set forth.
31. In a bolt-gun, the use of a receiver adapted for carrying a sliding bolt, and
a sliding bolt carried by said receiver bored longitudinally to receive a firing-pin,
in combination with a bolt-actuator carried by a stem journalled in said bolt
transversely to, and extending into, the firing-pin-bore, the firing-pin located, and
adapted to have longitudinal movement in, the bore of said bolt, and the firing-
spring carried on the firing-pin forward of the stem of the bolt-actuator and
re-acting against said stem as herein set forth, whereby the bolt and firing-pin may
be disassembled on the removal of the bolt-actuator, substantially as described.
32. In a bolt-gun, the use of a suitable framework having a sliding bolt mounted
therein, in combination with an ejector-cam or projection upon the forward end of
the bolt, and an ejector pivotally supported underneath and in the path of move-
ment of the ejector-cam of the bolt and constructed to be actuated for throwing
out the cartridge-shell by the engagement of the ejector-cam on the retraction
of the bolt and operating substantially in the manner herein described.
33. In a bolt-gun, the use of a receiver carrying a sliding bolt and constructed
to receive a cartridge-magazine in combination with a cartridge-magazine com-
prising a packet or cartridge-case open at its upper and lower ends and having its
rear wall recessed as described, a cartridge-supporting follower loosely contained
in said case, and a spring-actuated cartridge-lifter pivotally supported in the
receiver at one end and extending within the cartridge-case and engaging the
follower at its opposite end, and means, substantially as described, for retracting
and locking said cartridge-lifter in a retracted position, all constructed and arranged
substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.
34. The herein described cartridge-packet for magazine-guns, consisting of an
oblong box or casing, open at its sides and ends, as shown in the drawings, and
having inwardly projecting flanges at its lower end remote from each other in
different planes, and having inwardly projecting flanges at its upper end against
which the upperinost cartridge of the packet may bear, in combination with a
cartridge-supporting-follower of stepped construction loosely contained in said
case and adapted to support a plurality of rows of cartridges in different planes,
and means for elevating said follower, all constructed and operating, substantially
in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.
1000
AS FOR May
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.