An improved Type Writing Apparatus for Educational Purposes.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Oct., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 17th July, 1895-Accented 17th Aug
4005
An improved Type Writing Apparatus for Educational Purposes.
We, EDWARD AUGUSTUS JEFFREYS, and WILLIAM EDWARDS, both of
95 Hatton Garden, County of London, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to construct a simple form of type writer for
childrens use.
For the purpose of this invention, we hinge a strip of metal, or other somewhat
stiff material to a base, and by a spring under it, we keep it in a canted or inclined
position the strip is notched or scored for the location of the type carrier at any
part of the strip's length, the type carrier being movable in a straight line by
sliding on a rod or bracket, which with the type carrier and the strip are depressed
by hand.
The strip is provided with indications of numerals and letters, and the carrier
also, and when the selected numeral or letter is over a hole in the strip, the strip is
depressed with an amount of force for its impression to be printed on a paper
arranged under it and upon the base, there being a pillar or raised projection on
the base corresponding to the position of the hole in the strip, and within which the
type can be seen.
The paper is on a sliding plate to move transversely across the base, and it can
be set for the impression to appear at any desired part, the movement being effected
by pinion and ratchet at each uprising action of the carrier and strip for the
presentation of a fresh part of the paper.
The type is of the rubber kind and is arranged on the carrier in lines or flats if
the carrier be many sided, the inking having been previously effected by a dabbing
or rolling.
Dated this 10th da
2004
An Improved Type Writing Apparatus for Educational Purposes.
We, EDWARD AUGUSTUS JEFFREYS and WILLIAM EDWARDS both of
95 Hatton Garden in the County of London, Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to provide type writing machines or apparatus of
very simple construction, cheap to manufacture, easy to operate and particularly
suitable for use by people requiring a cheap machine but not great speed, as
distinguished from those machines usually used for commercial purposes where
speed is considered a desideratum.
In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation, and
Pric8d1

page_text: Figure 2 is a top plan of the machine or apparatus forming the subject of this
invention and Figures 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 are views of detail parts hereafter
referred to.
Upon one end of a base A. we fix a standard A¹ in or to which a metal bar or
strip B is pivotted, one end of the strip being connected to the base A by a spiral
or other suitable spring A' which always tends to keep the tail end of the strip B
down and the other end up, and in a sloping direction as shown. The standard A¹
may be conveniently made in two L shaped parts placed back to back with sufficient
space between them to allow for the passage of the strip B, the head of the
standards being held together by a pin the latter also acting as the axis or fulcrum
of the strip B, or the standard is made in one piece as shown at Figure 5.
The strip B is made with teeth or is notched as shown to about one half of its
length opposite the fulcrum end and these notches or rack are spaced to correspond
with the distance apart of each of the letters of the alphabet or the characters to be
written, and these latter are on the upper visible surface of a tube C while the
types are on the opposite side or under surface of the same tube C, while the tube C
is carried on a frame C', being free to rotate thereon; the frame C' is free to slide
on the strip B as shown also in end views of the frame, Figs. 3 and 4. The position
of this type carrying tube is adjusted on the strip B longitudinally by means of an
end plate D also forming a handle for operating the tube C. This tube C must
have a limited rotary motion (because the capital letters are arranged in one
longitudinal line on the tube C, the small letters in another line and figures and
other characters in another line and so on for other marks or characters to be
written and as indicated by Figure 2, the type corresponding with each letter or mark
being immediately below its corresponding character) for this purpose there is con-
nected to the end of the tube C and where the latter abuts against the end plate D
of the frame C¹ a link piece E hooking at its other end to, and free to be moved
to or fro on, the top edge of the plate D, and secured in each position by a catch, the
central position of the loop showing and being in alignment with the small letters
on the cylinder, and either side of the centre being in alignment with the large
letters or other characters respectively. F is a wire rod secured at one end to the
strip B and at the other it bridges the tube C so that as the latter is traversed
to and fro on the strip B to the position of the character to be written, the bridge of
the wire rod F covers the letter to be printed and this bridge thus acts as a perfect
guide for the operator.
The inking of the type is effected by a roller pad G arranged immediately
below the type, and over or along which the type carrying tube passes, as it is
moved to the type required. This inking roller G is carried by a curved arm H
pivotted at its other end to a plate H' secured to the base A, and the arrangement
of this roller with its carrying arm is such that the pad after inking the type and
the strip B is depressed to make an impression that the roller pad G moves out of
the way of the descending type while at the same time the movement of the arm H
causes the necessary transverse movement of the paper after the impression has
been made ready for the next impression all as hereafter described.
The paper carrying roller O is mounted in and carried by standards J J arranged
on a frame K the latter free to move transversely across the base in a groove J¹
immediately below the type carrier and at right angles thereto.
K' is a rack on the edge of the frame K the teeth of which are arranged at a
distance apart to correspond with the space there is desired should exist between
the letters of the writing or type. Into the teeth of the rack K'a pawl L takes
which latter is operated by the depression and rising of the strip B in the
following manner and as more clearly shown by the detached perspective view
Fig. 6. M M is a bell crank lever one arm M being jointed to the pawl L and
the other arın M¹ connected to a spiral spring M" secured at its opposite end to
the base plate A; on the lower end of the arm H there is a cam shaped projection N
(Figure 1) so that as the strip B is depressed so is the inking roller, and the latter
being carried by the arm H working about its centre H₁ the cam projection N

page_text: acting on the arm M' of the bell crank lever forces the other arm M in the contrary
direction, advancing the pawl L and with it the rack K¹ until the strip B is allowed
to rise, when the cam N releases the arm M₁ of the bell crank and aided by the
rubber spring M₁ the pawl comes out of its tooth of the rack and falls into its.
5 adjacent tooth thereby advancing the paper carrying roller O the required distance
or space between each letter. Sometimes the bell crank may not be necessary if a
spring pawl used such as is shown at Figure 7 in plan when the cam N can act
directly on the spring.
The paper carrying roller O is mounted on an axis passing through the end
supports J, one end of this axis carries a handle for turning the roller O and with:
it the paper for regulating the spacing of the lines. P, Fig. 1, is a rod connecting
the supports, and P1 is another rod for removal to allow the paper to be passed
round the roller. Qis an adjustable rod on the front of the roller O carrying
rubber washers between which and the roller O the paper passes.
The rod Q is
carried in guide bearings from which it can be removed and replaced as required.
R is a forked bracket fixed to the base plate to receive the bar B when depressed
and ensure accuracy of position.
The action is as follows: The paper is placed on the roller O by first removing
the two rods P and Q the paper is then fed beneath the large roller leaving the
part to write on at the top, the rods are then passed through holes and into the
curved guides on the end of the carriage to keep the paper in place, the type writer
is then ready for use. Beginning with a capital letter the operator must bring the
capitals in alignment with the corresponding type beneath by rotating the tube C
he then draws to the bridge a letter corresponding with the letter to be written; in
the drawing the letters is supposed to be selected; the tube is then depressed onto
the paper as shown by the dotted lines Figure 1 and an impression of the letter is
made thereon. For the small letters they must be brought in alignment as for the
capitals, and so on.
When the machine is not required for use the strip B is depressed into the fork
in the bracket R at the back of the base plate and there held by a hook or even
by a string.
Although this machine may be somewhat slower to work than machines which
cost forty times what this does, the work produced is as good as that done by
the expensive machines.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. In a type writing machine, a cylinder having indicating letters or characters
arranged on its upper surface and type on the under surface thereof, the cylinder
being carried and capable of being slidden on a bar or lever fulcrummed at one
end and provided with an index bridge for setting the position of the cylinder,
n combination with an inking roller (beneath the type) carried by an arm
Fulcrummed to the base and a paper carrier below the type cylinder moved as
equired by suitable means, whereby upon the cylinder being depressed it comes
n contact with the inking roller which inks the type and passes over and beyond
he paper carrier upon which the type then prints, substantially as set forth.
2. In a type writing machine, the combination with a cylinder (having indicating
etters or characters arranged on the upper face and type on the under face) carried
nd capable of being slidden on a bar fulcrummed at one end to the base and
rovided with an index bridge for setting the position of the cylinder; of an inking
oller carried by an arm fulcrummed to the base and located beneath the type, a
aper carrier over which the inking roller passes after inking the type upon the
epression of the cylinder for printing, together with mechanism such as a cam
urface on the ink-roller arm acting on levers, and a pawl to traverse the paper
arrier when the type cylinder is depressed and before the type meets the paper,.
ubstantially as set forth.

page_text: 3. A type writer wherein the letters of the alphabet or other characters are
arranged on one side of a cylinder visible to the operator with the types below or
on the opposite side of same, the cylinder being mounted so as to be capable of
being rotated on a frame and free to slide on a strip to suit the letters that are
required to be written, the position of the letters, and the type, being indicated by
the position of the bridge on the surface of the cylinder, together with an inking
roller carried by a bracket working on a fulcrum at the base of the bracket having
a cam projection for operating on a bell crank lever, to actuate a pawl, for
operating a ratchet, on a frame, arranged at right angles to the type carrier,
together with paper-carrying roller and the rods P and Q whereby type writing is
with facility effected substantially as set forth.
This 16th day of July 1895
EDWD. A. JEFFREYS.
WM. EDWARDS.