Improvements in Process and Apparatus for Producing Stock Material from Metal Ingots or Billets.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Nov., 1899-Accepted, 10th Feb., 1900
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Process and Apparatus for Producing Stock Material
from Metal Ingots or Billets.
I, CHARLES SEYDAM MOBSE, of 170, Hillside Avenue, in the City of Waterbury,
County of New Haven, State of Connecticut, United States of America, Super-
intendent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
My invention relates to a process for producing stock material from metal
inguts or billets, and by the word " stock," I mean material that is or may be
accumulated, and which is ready for employment in the manufacture or pro-
duction of any artiole. Briefly stated, my process is as follows: form the
ingot or billet into a tubular or other shell, and then cut and treat the shell
of metal to render it non-tubular. My invention also relates to a machine or
apparatus for rendering a tubular shell non-tubular, as by reducing the metal
shell to a continuous strip.
In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a tubular shell
of metal. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a tubular shell of metal having a
longitudinal cut. Fig. 3 is also a perspective view of a tubular shell having a
spiral cut. Fig. is a top view of a machine or apparatus for cutting tubular
metal shells into a continuous strip embodying my invention. Fig. 5 is an end
elevation of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a side elevation partly in section of the devic
shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a detail sectional view of a part of the machine.
Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all of the figures.
I will first describe my process, reference being had in the following descriptions
to Figs. 1, 2, and 3.
In carrying out my process, 1 proceed as follows: I take a metal ingot or
billet and form it into a tubular shell. This may be done by first heating the
ingot to the proper heat and then bringing it to a tubular form by means of a
mandrel and rolls in the well known manner. By this method of treating the
ingot, a great many heatings are done away with. Only one heating is required
and that one is to heat the ingot or billet in order that the tubular shelf may
be formed. The thickness of metal in the tubular shell may be regulated in a
certain measure in the machine or apparatus in which the shell is formed. After
the formation of the tubular shell it may be straightened by the usual means
employed for this purpose. It may also be treated by acid baths in the usual
way, after which, it is ready to be rendered non-tubular.
In Fig. 1, I have shown a tubular shell A which may be formed as above
described. The tube is then cut in any expedient manner and by any suitable
means to render it non-tubular. That is to say, the shell may be given a single
longitudinal cut, as shown at a in Fig. 2 and the cut tube spread and rolled
to form a plate or sheet. The shell may have several longitudinal cuts a to
form strips or bars of metal each of which strips or bars may be rolled or not,
as desired. Instead of the longitudinal cut, the tube may be cut in such manner

page_text: as to form a continuous strip. In Fig. 3, I have shown the tube as having a
spiral cut a to form a helical strip a". As the strip is cut it may be wound
on any suitable apparatus into a coil. The shell after being treated in any of the
above described ways forms stock for further treatment. The plate stock may
be treated in any desired manner as by rolling it into sheets. In the case of the
strip, it serves as stock from which wire may be produced. This stock may first
be passed through rolls to reduce or change its cross-sectional area and then
drawn througa reducing dies or it may have its cross-sectional area reduced or
changed by dies without first passing it through rolls.
I will now describe the inachine, or apparatus, shown in Figs. 4, 5, 6,
and 7:
A represents the tubular metal shell, and a the continuous strip into which
the shell is converted. This is done preferably by means of a pair of cutter
diske b, b, carried by shafts 62, 6, which are suitably journaled above a bed
Flato or other base B. The cutters are so arranged relatively to each other as to
shear the metal, and the lower disk 6 also serves as a bearing for one end of
the shell A. The other end of the shell is supported in a carrier C which is so
mounted as to move longitudinally of an adjustable frame C. By having this
frame adjustable, I am enabled to feed tho shell A to the cutter disks at an
incline, thereby enabling the cutters to cut the shell spirally. The strip a³ is
taken up by a device which arranges it in a coil.
The shafts 63, 63 are rotated from the pulley B₁ by means of gears 1,2,3,4
and 5. The gears 3 and 5 are fixed on the shafts, respectively, while the
gear 4 is located intermediate the gears and 5, and is loosely mounted on a
short shaft (not shown), which shaft is fixed in the framework supported above
the base. The purpose of the gear 4 is to have the gear 3 rotate in the same
direction as the gear 5. The gears 3, 4, and 5 are also of such sizes as to
permit of the cutter discs b, b', having the same surface speed should the cutter
discs be of different sizes. The shafts 6, 63, are also adjustably mounted in their
bearings, and this adjustment of the shafts and the cutter discs carried thereby
permit of shells of different thicknesses of metal being cut by them. These shafts
are also provided with thrust bearings b, b, of any well known construction.
The frame C comprises the pair of horizontal rods c which are connected at
one of their ends by means of a yoke el, and at their other ends by means of a cross
piece. The yoke is provided with an opening e, in which fits a stud or
projection e. This arrangement of parts forms a swivel bearing for one end
of the frame C. The cross piece is supported on a suitable base, and it
is provided with a slot through which a bolt c carried by said base,
projects. The slot and bolt serve as a means for holding the frame C¹ in any
adjusted position. The carrier C comprises a socket in which the end of
a shell is held, and a yoke e, the ends of which slide on the rods c. The carrier
is moved towards the cutter disks to feed the metal shell thereto and this may
be done by means of a cord and weight. The carrier is held against the action
of the weight at the times when a new shell is to be arranged in the machine
by any suitable means, as, for example, a pivoted hook cl, which engages with
a fixed projection". In order to prevent the shell being fed too far forward,
a roller carried by the base B is provided near the cutter disks. This roller
may be an adjustable one and servo to regulate the width of the strip into which
the shell is to be converted.
cut.
By having the frame C adjustable, I am enabled to regulate the pitch of the
This is an important advantage for the reason that in the formation of
the tubular shell the fibres of the metal are spirally arranged and the pitch of
the spiral cau, in a measure, be controlled during the shell's formation. It
well be seen, therefore, that if the shell is cut on the same pitch of the fibres
of the shell, the reduction of the cross section is more easily accomplished and
better results obtained.
As the shell is cut into a strip, a roller c¹³ guides it to a channel or conduit d

page_text: and as it exits from the channel, it passes between the rolls d', d. These rolls
tend to straighten the strip, and also to draw it through the channel and away
from the cutters. A roll which is adjustable, serves to guide the strip down-
wards onto a coiling drum 1). A lange that is spirally arranged about the
drum, serves to feed the strip forward on the drum and arrange it in a coil
thereon.
The drum D is fixed to a shaft & which is suitably journaled in an extension
of the base B. This shaft is driven by means of a pulley and intermediate
gears 6, 7, 8. The gear 8 is loose on the shaft d, and motion is preferably
communicated to the shaft from the gear 8 by means of a friction device of
any well known construction. The pulley is fixed to the shaft on which
the roll is fixed, and motion is communicated from this shaft to the shaft d
carrying the roll by means of intermediate gears, all of which are indicated
by the numeral 9. The shafts and aro adjustable vertically.
The drum D is shown as inclined to enable the strip to be removed. The
strip is prevented from leaving the drum by means of a ring e. This ring is
removable from the drum, and it is held thereon by means of pins el which
project through openings provided in the wall of the drum. These pins have
a sliding bearing in the radial arms of the drum, and they are reciprocated
by means of the links e which are pivoted to a sleeve fixed to the shaft d³.
The links are moved by the links which are connected to a sliding head,
a rod and handle et serving to reciprocate suid head es.
The operation of the device, briefly stated, is as follows: The shell A is
placed in position in the frame and the carrier Celeased in order that it may
be moved forward by the weight to feed the shell. Prior to the device being
put in operation, the frame U is adjusted so as to be inclined to the cutter
disks, as shown in Fig. 1. The amount of the inclination to be given the frame
is determined by the pitch of the fibres in the metal shell. This inclination
also permits of the cutter disks giving a spiral cut to the shell. The device is
then started and the shell reduced to a strip which is arranged or wound in a
coil by the coiling device. The strip in this shape is what is termed "stock"
metal, and is ready for further treatment. The strip is designed particularly for
stock from which wire may be produced in any of the well known ways.
It will be seen therefore, that my invention comprises means first, for render-
ing a tubular shell non-tubular by cutting it into a metal strip; second, means
for supporting the shell, and feeding it to the cutting means; third, adjusting
said feeding and supporting means, or either, in order to determine the pitch of
the cut to be given the shell; and, fourth, means for receiving the strip, and
arranging it so that it can be easily handled.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare what
I claim is:
1. The process of producing metal stock which consists first in forming a
tubular shell of metal, and then cutting and treating said shell to render it
non-tubular.
2. The process of making wire which consists first in forming a tubular metal
shell, next cutting said shell to make a continuous strip, and finally drawing said
strip through dies to form wire.
3. In a device for cutting shells of metal, the combination of cutter diske
between which the shell is cut, means for feeding the shell to said cutter disks
an adjustable frame on which said means are supported, and a device for coiling
the strip into which the shell is cut.
4. In a device for cutting shells of metal, the combination of cutter disks
between which tho shell is cut, means for feeding said strip to the diske, an
adjustable frame supporting said means, and a device for regulating the amount
of feed of said shell.

page_text: 5. In a device for cutting shells of metal, the combination of cutier disks,
means for feeding a shell to said disks in order that it may be cut into a con-
tinuous strip, a drum onto which said strip is wound, and a spirally arranged
flange on said drum for winding the strip into a coil.
6. A device for cutting shells of metal, substantially as herein described and
shown in Figs. 4, 5, and 6.
Dated this 8th day of November 1899.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.