AN IMPROVEMENT IN PAPER-CUTTING MACHINES, WHICH IMPROVEMENT IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO CERTAIN PRINTING MACHINES, ENVELOPE AND LABEL PUNCHING MACHINES, AND TO OTHER SIMILAR MACHINES FOR PUNCHING SHAPES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Bettney, of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Commercial Traveller, for the Invention of "AN
IMPROVEMENT IN PAPER-CUTTING MACHINES, WHICH IMPROVEMENT IS ALSO
APPLICABLE TO CERTAIN PRINTING MACHINES, ENVELOPE AND LABEL
PUNCHING MACHINES, AND TO OTHER SIMILAR MACHINES FOR PUNCHING
SHAPES."
Scaled the 18th September 1868, and dated the 26th March 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Bettney at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 26th March 1868.
I, THOMAS BETTNEY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster;.
Commercial Traveller, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN PAPER-CUTTING MACHINES, WHICH
IMPROVEMENT IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO CERTAIN PRINTING MACHINES, ENVELOPE
AND LABEL PUNCHING MACHINES, AND TO OTHER SIMILAR MACHINES FOR
PUNCHING SHAPES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the mechanism by which paper-cutting
and certain other machines are actuated. These machines are usually

page_text: actuated by means of an ordinary crank motion, which has the
objection that it renders it necessary that the power applied to actuate
the machines as hitherto constructed should vary very much at
different portions of the stroke of the cutters.
The object of the improvement is to arrange the driving gear, so
that the power applied to actuate the machine may be almost uniform
throughout the stroke of the cutter, and so insure the smoother action
of all the working parts and render the machine more effective. I
accomplish this as follows:-Instead of driving the crank at an
uniform speed and disregarding the varying amount of throw that it
gives to the cutter of the machine during the different portions of its
revolution, I drive it by means of an excentric pinion gearing into
the teeth of an elliptical wheel, the relative position and diameters
of the wheel and pinion being so arranged that when the crank is
at that portion of its revolution in which it imparts the least motion
to the cutter it shall be revolved at a quicker speed than when it
has arrived at that portion of its revolution where the effect of its
motion is greatest on the cutter.
It is evident that another elliptical wheel or sliding pinion migh
be used in place of the excentric pinion without altering the principle
of the Invention.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Bettney in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 24th September 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
BETTNEY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Commercial
Traveller, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Thomas Bettney, Her special
licence that. I, the said Thomas Bettney, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas Bettney, my
exccutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,

page_text: "
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"AN IMPROVEMENT IN PAPER-CUTTING MACHINES, WHICH IMPROVEMENT IS
ALSO APPLICABLE TO CERTAIN PRINTING MACHINES, ENVELOPE AND LABEL
PUNCHING MACHINES, AND TO OTHER SIMILAR MACHINES FOR PUNCHING SHAPES,'
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Bettney,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of ther hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Bettney, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to the mechanism by which paper-cutting
and certain other machines are actuated. These machines are usually
actuated by means of an ordinary crank motion, which has the
objection that it renders it necessary that the power applied to actuate
the machines as hitherto constructed should vary very much at
different portions of the stroke of the cutters.
The object of the improvement is to arrange the driving gear so
that the power applied to actuate the machine may be almost uniform
throughout the stroke of the cutter, and so insure the smoother action
of all the working parts and render the machine more effective. I
accomplish this as follows:-Instead of driving the crank at an
uniform speed and disregarding the varying amount of throw that it
gives to the cutter. of the machine during the different portions of its
revolution, I drive it by means of an eccentric pinion gearing into
the teeth of an elliptical wheel, the relative positions and diameters
of the wheel and pinion being so arranged that when the crank is
at that portion of its revolution in which it imparts the least motion
to the cutter it shall be revolved at a quicker speed than when it
has arrived at that portion of its revolution where the effect of its
motion is greatest on the cutter.

page_text: In the annexed Drawings the crank pin A; Figures 1 and 2, is
driven by means of the elliptical wheel B, and the eccentric pinion C.
The pinion must have one-half the number of teeth of the wheel B.
Figure 1 shews the pinion, and wheel in the position they assume
when driving the crank pin at its slowest rate. The eccentric wheel c
revolves at an uniform rate, and thus imparts a gradually increasing
motion to the elliptical wheel B until the crank pin arrives at one
of the dead points, as shewn in Figure 2, when the speed at which
the elliptical wheel revolves is greatest, thereby compensating for the
small amount of action which the crank pin produces at this portion
of its stroke. The speed is now gradually diminished until the crank
pin arrives at the position shewn in dotted lines at D, Figure 1,
when it is again moving at its slowest rate, and from this point the
speed again increases until the crank pin arrives at the other dead
point, and so on throughout its whole revolution.
Figure 3 shews the application of this principle to a paper-cutting
machine. In the same way it may be applied to certain printing
machines, envelope and label punching machines, and to similar
machines for punching shapes.
It is evident that another elliptical wheel or sliding pinion might
be used in place of the eccentric pinion without altering the principle
of the Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Bettney, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of September, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
eight.