A NEW METHOD OF MAKING WHEELS FOR COACHES, CHAISES, AND OTHER CARRIAGES, THE NAVES AND SPOKES CONSISTING WHOLLY OF IRON, OR IN PART OF IRON, BRASS, OR OTHER METALS, AND WHICH WOULD BE OF PUBLIC UTILITY
Year: 1782

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, AUGUS-
TINE NEWCOME, of Grantham, in the County of Lincoln, Ironmonger, sends
greeting.
WHEREAS the said Augustine Newcome did, by his Petition, humbly repre-
sent unto His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, that he,
the Petitioner, had, by great application and study, invented "A NEW METHOD
OF MAKING WHEELS FOR COACHES, CHAISES, AND OTHER CARRIAGES, THE NAVES AND
SPOKES CONSISTING WHOLLY OF IRON, OR IN PART OF IRON, BRASS, OR OTHER METALS,
AND WHICH WOULD BE OF PUBLIC UTILITY," and therefore the said Petitioner
prayed that His said Majesty would be pleased to grant unto him, the said
Petitioner, his executors, administrators, and assigns, His Royal Letters Patent
under the Great Seal of Great Britain, for the sole making and vending the
said Invention, within that part of Great Britain called England, His
Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, for the term of
fourteen years; and His said Majesty, being willing to give encouragement to
all arts and inventions that may be for the publick good, was graciously
pleased to condescend to the Petitioner's request, and did therefore, by His
Royal Letters Patent, bearing date at Westminster, the Ninth day of
March, in the twenty-second year of His reign, of His especial grace,
certain knowledge, and meer motion. for Himself, His heirs and successors,
give and grant unto the said Augustine Newcome, his executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, His especial license, full power, sole priviledge and
authority, that he, the said Augustine Newcome, his executors, administrators,
and assigns, and every of them, by himself and themselves, or by his and
their deputy or deputies, servants or agents, or such others as he, the said
Augustine Newcome, his executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter

page_text: during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend his said Invention within that part of His Kingdom of
Great Britain called England, His Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, in such manner as to him, the said Augustine Newcome, his
executors, administrators, and assigns, or any of them, should, in his or their dis-
cretions, think meet, and that he, the said Augustine Newcome, his executors,
administrators, and assigns, should and lawfully might have and enjoy the
whole profit, benefit, commodity, and advantage from time to time coming,
growing, accruing, and arising by reason of the said Invention, for and
during the term of years therein mentioned, to have, hold, exercise, and
enjoy the said licence, powers, priviledges, and advantages herein-before
granted or mentioned to be granted unto the said Augustine Newcome, his
executors, administrators, and assigns, for and during and unto the full end
and term of fourteen years from the date of the said Letters Patent next and
immediately ensuing, and fully to be compleat and ended, according to the
Statute in such case made and provided; in which said Letters Patent
is contained a provisoe that if the said Augustine Newcome should not par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of his said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, by an instrument in writing
under his hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in His said
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within four calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, that then the said Letters
Patent, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby granted, should
utterly cease, determine, and become void, anything therein-before contained
to the contrary thereof in anywise notwithstanding, as in and by the said
Letters Patent, reference being thereunto had, may more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said provisoe, he, the said
Augustine Newcome, doth hereby describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Juvention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as follows,
that is to say-
The nave is made of any sort of metal, such as wrought or cast iron, brass,
or bell metal, and lined in the main bore with a socket throughout of iron, brass,
steel, or other metal, or bushes in each end, of any sort of metal, wood, or
leather. The spokes are made of the best tough wrought-iron, drawn
gradually taper throughout, and may be made either round, square, octagon,
or any other shape. A screw is cut at each end of the spoke, and the biggest
end of each spoke is substantially screwed into the nave. One or more thin
washers or rings of iron or brass are screwed or fastened to each spoke at a

page_text: small distance from the nave, to prevent the spokes moving or starting out of
the main nave. A strap of wrought iron is then screwed on to the extreme
end of each spoke, of a sufficient length for the end of the strap of one spoke
to reach the end of the strap of the next spoke, and so as in themselves to
form the whole innermost circle of the wheel; but for heavier carriages it is
necessary for the straps to lap over each other, for the greater strength of the
wheel. The main or outside rim or tire consists of one whole sound ring,
made of the best tough wrought iron, and fixed upon the innermost circle of
straps; the holes in each rim to fall opposite each other, and are tap'd for
short screws, the heads of which are placed on the inside of the wheel, three or
more between each spoke, by which the inward and outward circles or rims
are firmly united or drawn to each other; and, if necessary, to prevent the
noise of wheels running on pavement, a thin piece of wood or leather may be
screwed in between the inner and outward circle of the wheel.
In witness whereof, the said Augustine Newcome hath hereunto set
his hand and seal, this Eighth day of April, in the twenty-second
year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third, by the
grace of God of Great Britain, France, and Ireland King, Defender
of the Faith, &c., and in the year of our Lord One thousand seven
hundred and oilte two