IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER CLOSETS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, THOMAS PURDIE Junior of 13 Bellgrove Street, Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark Architect, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER CLOSETS" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to water closets and it has for its object to improve the
flushing of the basin to afford greater facility for the contents of the basin being
washed or scoured out and to better prevent the lodgment of sewer or other noxious,
gases in the water closet trap.
The basin and trap are constructed in separate pieces the basin being fitted into
a socket or facet made in the trap for that purpose and to prevent the basin from
being set or turned otherwise than in the proper position a tongue is made on the
exterior surface thereof which enters a corresponding recess in the facet thereby
locking the basin and trap together.
The inlet branch or horn for the flushing water is made in the basin at a position
immediately above the entrance to the trap instead of being opposite the said
entrance as usual and the said branch or horn is furnished with a lead or other
metal fan or spreader in which besides the usual water passage two horizontal
passages or ducts are made for water which in flushing passes round the basin in
two streams to a point opposite the entrance of the trap where these streams
impinging on each other are united and fall in a cascade on the water in the house
side of the trap, thereby producing a sinking and at the same time a scouring
action.
To facilitate the carrying off of the contents the trap is made shallower than
usual on the house side; and with a sweep or bias towards the drain and the
trapping tongue which dips below the water level is curved towards the sewer or
drain side so as not to create, or to lessen obstruction, the level of water in the trap
being a little below the spring of the curve.
+
The trap is made with a ventilating branch, which branch is so constructed as to
prevent the lodgment of noxious gases, being for that purpose formed in the
extreme upper part and to afford facility for access or cleaning out an opening is
made in the side of the trap below the level of the ventilating branch which
opening is closed by a removable lid or cover held in position by screws or other
suitable means.

page_text: I, THOMAS PURDIE Junior of 13 Bellgrove Street, Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, Architect, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER CLOSETS" and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to. be particularly. described and ascertained in. and by the following
statement:
I
This Invention relates to improvements in water closets and it has for its object
to afford greater facility for washing or scouring out the contents of the basin.
On the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1, is a vertical longitudinal section and figure 2, a vertical transverse
section of the improved water closet constructed in accordance with the Invention
and figure 3, is a vertical transverse section of the closet trap on the line a b
figure 1.
As seen by these figures the basin A, and trap B, are constructed in separate
pieces the basin being fitted into an ordinary conical socket made in the trap and
to ensure that the basin shall be set in the trap only in one position a projection C,
is formed on the exterior surface of the basin near its lower edge which projection
enters or passes through a recess made for its réception in the lip D, of the trap, the
basin being thereby locked or prevented from being turned round.
The trapping or sealing tongue E, is with the object herein before referred to and
as seen at figure 1, made with a curved part a¹, at its junction with the part b₁, of
the house side of the trap and with a straight part extending from the curved part
in an inclined direction downwards and rearwards, the lower edge of the tongue
which is also preferably rounded being at some distance below the water level.
The height of the discharge lip F, is such that the water level in the trap is at
or below the spring of the curve a', that is to say, at or below the junction of the
straight inclined and curved parts of the trapping tongue. The effect of this con-
struction is that the part a¹, projecting over the water level and reducing the area
of the trap above that level a smaller quantity of water is required to flush the
closet whilst the bias of the tongue E, being towards the drain the contents are
more easily washed out.
To further facilitate this washing out the part of the trap on the house side
opposite the tongue E, and below the water level is as seen at figure 1, also made
with a greater bias towards the exit, than is customary in water closet traps of this
class and the branch or horn G, for the inlet of the flushing water is made at a
position in the basin A, directly above the trapping tongue E. The distribution of
water to flush the closet is regulated by a lead or other metal fan or spreader H
from under the edge of which a film issues and sweeps around the basin as usual and
the usual passages I, in the said spreader for the streams of water which (after
sweeping round the basin impinge on each other and) produce the cascade or
sinking action are inclined preferably at or about the angle shown at figure 2, in
order that the said streams may meet at a point little above the level of the water
in the trap as it is found in practice that to arrange the streams to so meet effects
in conjunction with the form of trapping tongue before described a considerable
diminution in the quantity of water required to flush the closet.

page_text: On the drain side the trap is made with a ventilating branch J, preferably placed
at its extreme upper part so as to prevent the lodgment of noxious gases and in
conjunction with the said branch an access opening L, closed by a removable lid or
cover may be provided the said branch and opening constituting, however, no part
of the Invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
0
First In a water closet basin and trap formed separately a projection C, on the
exterior surface and near the lower edge of the basin and a notch or recess for its
reception in the lip D, of the trap as and for the purpose described.
Second-In a trap for water closets a sealing or trapping tongue formed with
a curved part a¹³, above and projecting over the water level and a downward and
rearwardly inclined flat part extending from the spring of the curve below the
water level as and for the purpose described.