Improvements relating to the Connection or Joining of Sheet-metal Tubes or Pipes.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 17th May, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 16th Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted. 23rd Mar., 1889
Improvements relating to the Connection or Joining of Sheet-metal
Tubes or Pipes.
I, JACOB WILHELM, of the firm of E. Fries & Co. of Siegen, in the Empire of
Germany do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
For the purpose of connecting or joining sheet-metal tubes or pipes at a right or
oblique angle, a flange has heretofore been formed on one of the pipes by bending
round the edge thereof, and has been secured to the the other pipe by rivetting. Such a
connection or joint is very expensive because much hand labour is required in making
it and it is not very tight as the metal sheets bear firmly against each other only at
the points where the rivets are.
According to the method forming the subject of the present invention the aforesaid
defects are obviated by providing the pipe to be joined with a crease, and connecting
it with the main pipe by bending round the edge of the crease.
The main pipe to which another pipe of the same or of a smaller diameter is to be
connected or joined is provided with an aperture corresponding to the form of the
second pipe. In proximity to its lower end the latter pipe is formed with a crease,
below which a narrow border is left. If the second pipe is inserted into the aperture
in the main pipe this border enters the main pipe whilst the crease bears upon the edge
of the said aperture. The border of the second pipe, projecting into the interior of the
main pipe, is then bent outwardly to a right angle, and is pressed firmly against the
inner wall of the main pipe. To obtain as tight a joint as possible the crease can now
be compressed and flattened from above, the edge at the aperture of the main
pipe being clamped between the bent border and the compressed crease of the second
pipe.
In lieu of the aforesaid crease, a contraction can be provided at the lower end of
the second pipe. The shoulder which is thus formed is adapted to bear upon the
outside of the main pipe, so that, when the border below is bent round the edge at the
aperture in the main pipe, a joint is made which is similar to that above described, but
does not ensure the same tightness.

page_text: By powerfully compressing the said crease and border or the said shoulder and
border at the end of the second pipe a very firm and tight joint or connection is effected
between the two pipes without the use of rivets.
Dated this 16th day May 1888
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to the Connection or Joining of Sheet-metal
Tubes or Pipes.
I, JACOB WILHELM, of the firm of E. Fries & Co., of Siegen, in the Empire of
Germany, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
For the purpose of connecting or joining sheet-metal tubes or pipes at a right or
oblique angle, a flange has heretofore been, formed on one of the pipes by bending
round the edge thereof and has been secured to the other pipe by rivetting. Such a
connection or joint is very expensive because much hand labour is required in making
it and it is not very tight as the metal sheets bear firmly against each other only at
the points where the rivets are.
According to the method which forms the subject of the present invention, the
aforesaid defects are obviated by providing the pipe to be joined with a crease and
connecting it with the main pipe by bending round the ends of the crease.
In the accompanying drawing I have represented several ways by which the pipes
can be joined.
Figure 1 is a side view of a main pipe with an aperture for the branch pipe.
Figure 2 is a section of the pipe to be inserted.
Figure 3 is a side view of the main pipe with the branch pipe joined thereto.
Figure 4 is a longitudinal section through figure 3.
Figure 5 is a transverse section through figure 3.
Figures 6 and 7 show in longitudinal and transverse section a modified form and
method of fixing the branch pipe upon the main pipe.
Figure 6 is a detail of the branch pipe.
The main pipe a to which another pipe c of the same or of a smaller diameter is to
be connected or joined is provided with an aperture 6 corresponding to the form of

page_text: the branch pipe. In proximity to its lower end the latter pipe is formed with a
crease e below which is left a short piece d of the branch pipe c. If the branch
pipe c is inserted into the aperture 6 in the main pipe this short piece d enters
the main pipe a whilst the crease e bears upon the edge of the said aperture b.
The part d of the branch pipe, projecting into the interior of the main pipe, is
then bent outwardly to a right angle, and is pressed firmly against the inner wall
of the main pipe. To obtain as tight a joint as possible the crease can now be
compressed and flattened from above as represented in figures 4 and 5. It will
be seen from these figures how the edge of the aperture of the main pipe a is
clamped between the bent part d and the compressed crease of the short pipe.
The modification shown in figures 6, 6ª and 7 differs from that above described
only in that in lieu of a crease e as in figure 2, the branch pipe is in this case
provided with a contracted part f, g (figure 6). The shoulder which is thus
formed is adapted to bear upon the outside of the main pipe, so that when the
part g below is bent round the edge at the aperture in the inain pipe, a joint is
made which is similar to that above described and shown in figures 4 and 5 but
does not ensure the same degree of tightness.
By powerfully compressing the said creaso e and the part d figures 3 and 4 or
the said shoulder f and part g at the end of the branch pipe figures 6 and 7 a very
firm and tight joint or connection is effected between the two pipes a and c without
the use of rivets.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First. For connecting sheet-metal pipes at an angle, the arrangement of a crease e
and plain portion d on the pipe c to be inserted and the bending of the border d
against the inner side of the pipe a.
Second. For connecting sheet-metal pipes at an angle, the arrangement of a
contraction f, g on the pipe e to be inserted and the bending of the border g against
the inner side of the pipe a.