Improvements in Steam Generators.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Nov., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 30th Aug., 1894-Accepted, 6th Oct., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Generators.
I, JOSEPH WILLIAM REED of Mayfield, Jarrow in the County of Durham,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in steam generators or water tube boilers
of the type having an upper horizontal chamber connected to two lower horizontal
chambers by tubes of small diameter the lower chambers being so spaced as to
admit of a furnace being arranged between them.
The chambers may be further connected by circulating pipes at each end of
larger or of suitable diameter.
The furnace and tubes and part of the chambers may be encased by metal
sheeting and non-conducting covering material from the upper portion of which
casing flues lead to the chimney.
In order to provide sufficient heating surfaces for rapidly generating steam I may
chamber
with advantage dispose the tubes connecting the lower with the upper
so that the tubes from the surfaces of the lower chambers may be bent to pass
more or less diagonally and in reverse directions over the furnace so as to form a
nest of tubes in immediate contiguity to and over the flame and after the sets of
tubes so disposed have passed each other I bend them back again so that those
from the right hand lower chamber terminate by curves of varying radii in the left
hand lower portion of the upper chamber and those from the left hand lower
chamber terminate similarly in the right hand lower portion of the upper
chamber.
At each side of the nest formed by the crossing of the tubes above the furnace
I place and secure deflecting plates disposed so as to partially divert the heated
products of combustion amongst the tubes so crossing each other. The plates
may be of sheet iron or steel encased by asbestos cloth or equivalent material.
The lower chambers may by preference have cylindrical upper surfaces and be
flattened at or towards their lower sides and in the surfaces so formed holes and
cover plates may be fitted so as to give access to the tube ends in the upper portions
of the chambers or these chambers may be cylindrical with doors at the ends to
give access to the tubes.
Access to the tube ends in the upper chamber may be obtained by a man-hole in
the usual way.
The tubes will not pass in straight lines direct from the lower chambers but will
for the most part be bent to varying radii whereby not only will increased heating
surface be obtained but a fair lead will be given to the tubes in their course towards
the upper chamber.
To securely connect the tube ends in the tube plates I propose to screw a parallel
or by preference slightly tapered-and externally screwed ferrule fitted with a canted
or other head onto the tube end from the inside of the chamber and to tap the
tube.plates so that the tube end will be secured in the screwed ferrule which in
turn will be screwed into the tube plate from the inside and a nut on the end of the
tube will serve to tighten up the tube itself as required by which device the tubes
Inay be removed with greater facility than when expanded or secured in the usual
way but the latter may also be adopted.

page_text: The furnace itself may be lined with fire brick at its lower parts and be provided
with one or more doors at its end as required.
Dated this 29th day of November 1893.
A. CRAWHALL CHAPMAN,
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Patent Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Generators.
J, JOSEPH WILLIAM REED of Mayfield, Jarrow in the County of Durham,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in steam generators or water tube boilers
of the type having an upper horizontal chamber connected to two lower horizontal
chambers by tubes of small diameter the lower chambers being so spaced as to
admit of a furnace being arranged between them.
The chambers may be further connected by circulating pipes at each end of
larger or of suitable diameter.
.
The furnace and tubes and part of the chambers may be encased by metal
sheeting and non-conducting covering material from the upper portion of which
casing flues lead to the chimney.
The lower chambers may by preference have cylindrical upper surfaces and be
flattened at or towards their lower sides and in the surfaces so formed holes and
cover plates may be fitted so as to give access to the tube ends in the upper portions
of the chambers or these chambers may be cylindrical with doors at the ends to
give access to the tubes.
Access to the tube ends in the upper chamber may be obtained by a man-hole in
the usual way.
To securely connect the tube ends in the tube plates I propose to screw a
parallel or by preference slightly tapered and externally screwed ferrule fitted with
a canted or other head onto the tube end from the inside of the chamber and to
tap the tube plates so that the tube end will be secured in the screwed ferrule which
in turn will be screwed into the tube plate from the inside and a nut on the end of
the tube will serve to tighten up the tube itself as required by which device the
tubes may be removed with greater facility than when expanded or secured in the
usual way.
The furnace itself may be lined with fire brick at its lower parts and be
provided with one or more doors at its end as required.
I will fully describe my improvements with reference to the accompanying
drawings in which
Figures 1 and 2 show longitudinal and cross sections of a steam generator but
I hereby disclaim any right to the use of the specific disposition of tubes therein shown
as I am aware that this particular disposition forms the subject of a prior Patent
claim and I merely illustrate this form or arrangement of tubing as a means of
describing the real improvements hereinafter set forth and claimed as my
invention.
Figure 3 shows in section and in elevation my improved mode of securing tube-
ends in tube plates, Figure 4 showing the disposition of such tubes in the tube
plates and in the following description like marks of reference designate like
parts.
Referring to the drawings, A is the upper horizontal chamber connected to two
lower borizontal chambers A' by tubes 2 of small diameter, F being the furnace
situated between the lower chambers aforesaid, At each end of the boiler, each

page_text: end of each lower chamber A¹ is connected by a diagonally arranged circulating
pipe 3 to the ends of the upper chamber as shown in the drawings.
The furnace and tubes, however disposed the latter may be and part of the
chambers are encased by metal sheeting and non-conducting covering material from
the upper portion of which casing flues lead to the chimney 4.
It will be observed that the lower chambers A' are formed of a special section,
the upper portions being circular or convex to afford a sufficient tube-end area and
the lower portions flat so as to enable a convenient system of flat doors to be
arranged thereon in order to give easy access to the interior of these chambers for
inspection and repair of the tube-end-fastenings when required.
The lower portions of these chambers I therefore arrange with a flat side
extending along their lower length and in this flat side I provide openings or
manholes 6 protected by doors 7 which may conveniently be secured in position by
stud-bolts 8.
To securely connect the tube-ends in the tube plates I adopt the system shown in
Figure 3 wherein a parallel or slightly tapered and externally screwed ferrule 9
fitted with a canted head 10 is shown screwed into the tube plate 11 (which is
tapped for the purpose) and onto the end of the tube itself. Thus the tube-
end is secured in the screwed ferrule which in turn is screwed into the tube
plate, a nut 12 on the end of the tube serving to tighten up the tube itself as
required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improvement in steam generators consisting in the construction of the
lower chambers A' with circular or convex upper surfaces for tube ends and flat
lower surfaces, the latter being provided with openings or manholes protected by
flat doors so as to afford easy access to the interiors of such lower chambers the
several parts being arranged with respect to these lower chambers substantially as
herein set forth.
2. The improvement in steam generators consisting in the provision in combination
with the screwed end of a tube of a parallel or slightly tapered screwed ferrule
adapted to enter a tapped hole in the tube plate the parts being arranged and
adapted for use substantially as herein set forth.
Dated this 29th day of August 1894.
A. CRAWHALL CHAPMAN,
3, St. Nicholas Buildings, Newcastle-on-Tyne, Patent Agent.