IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESS-WHEEL ROLLERS OR CLOD CRUSHERS, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO ROLLERS FOR CRUSHING, BRUIZING, AND PULVERIZING ROOTS & OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT granted by Order of the Lord Chanceller to Edwin
Thompson, of the City of York, Ironfounder, and William Lazenby, of
the City of York, Grocer, Executors of the goods, chattels, and
effects of Benjamin Jones, deceased, of the City of York, Ironfounder,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESS-WHEEL ROLLERS OR CLOD
CRUSHERS, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO ROLLERS FOR
CRUSHING, BRUIZING, AND PULVERIZING ROOTS & OTHER SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 18th March 1859, and dated the 28th September 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Benjamin Jones at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
September 1858.
I, BENJAMIN JONES, Ironfounder, of the City of York, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESS-WHEEL ROLLERS OR
CLOD CRUSHERS, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO ROLLERS FOR
CRUSHING, BRUIZING, AND PULVERIZING ROOTS & OTHER SUBSTANCES," to be as
follows:-
My improvements in clod crushers and press-wheel rollers, &c., consist in
the use of two or more external rollers, and two or more internal rollers,
arranged on the same plane, the external ones being formed with blades or

page_text: crushers of hammered iron or other material, and the internal rollers fitting
into the interstices between the blades are driven in a direction contrary to
that of the external rollers, in the same manner as spur wheels, working
together, actuate each other in opposite directions. The earth is thus
prevented accumulating between the blades, any earthy matter that may
adhere to them being immediately cleared off, thus enabling this improved
implement to be used with equal facility on wet as well as on dry land, the
clod crushers at present in use speedily becoming clogged up when used on
wet land are consequently rendered useless for this purpose. The crushers
or blades of the external rollers being formed of hammered or wrought iron,
the implement is rendered more efficient and considerably reduced in weight,
requiring only one horse to draw it.
For the purpose of more clearly shewing the nature of my said improve-
ments, I have hereto appended a Drawing delineating one mode of carrying
out my said Invention: Fig. 1 being an end view of the rollers, Fig. 2 a front
view of the internal roller or cleaner, Fig. 3 a section of this internal roller or
cleaner, & Fig. 4 is a section of the external blades or crushers. The same
letters of reference denoting the same parts in all the Figures.
In Fig. 1a is the end plate of the external roller, the blades being fixed in
this plate, shewn at B, B, &c., and are secured with a nut or other fastening,
the pointed portion of the blades forming the external surface of the roller;
C is the internal roller working between the interstices of the blades or
crushers, D being the arm of the internal roller.
Fig. 2 shews a front view of the internal roller or cleaner; D its arm is
fixed with set screws, or otherwise secured on the shaft E, which is the
common shaft or axle for both rollers. The arm D is provided with a slot or
groove F to allow for the rise & fall of the internal roller.
Fig. 3 is a section of the internal roller or cleaner C, in which it is shewn
to have projections which fit into the openings between the blades of the
external roller, and when the latter is put in motion the internal roller revolves
in the opposite direction, this action ensuring the clearing of the working
surfaces from clods and other matters while it is in use. The internal roller
may be formed of wrought or cast iron or other material.
Fig. 4 is a section of the blades or iron crushers, for preference making
them of wrought iron, whereby greater strength & lightness are obtained.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edwin Thompson and William Lazenby in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 24th March 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, EDWIN
THOMPSON, of the City of York, Ironfounder, and WILLIAM LAZENBY, of the
City of York, Grocer, Executors of the goods, chattels, and effects of the said
Benjamin Jones, of the City of York, Ironfounder, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of September, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Benjamin Jones, Her special licence that I, the
said Benjamin Jones, of the City of York, Ironfounder, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Benjamin
Jones, of the City of York, Ironfounder, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdon
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESS-WHEEL ROLLERS OR CLOD CRUSHERS
WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO ROLLERS FOR CRUSHING, BRUIZING,
AND PULVERIZING ROOTS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Benjamin Jones, of the City of York, Ironfounder,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent:
And whereas the said Benjamin Jones departed this life on the Sixth day
of November Eighteen hundred and fifty-eight, before the expiration of the
said term of six calendar months, and without having filed such particular
description of the said Invention and the nature thereof, and by his last will
and testament, dated the Eleventh day of August, eighteen hundred and fifty-
eight, the late Benjamin Jones appointed us, the said Edwin Thompson, of
the City of York, Ironfounder, and William Lazenby, of the City of York,
Grocer, executors of his goods, chattels, and effects, and the said last will and
testament was proved at the York District Registry of Her Majesty's Court of
Probate on the Fourth day of February Eighteen hundred and fifty-nine:

page_text: And whereas the Right Honourable the Lord High Chancellor of Great
Britain, by virtue of the provisions of the Patent Law. Amendment Act, Eighteen
hundred and fifty-two, enabling him, in that behalf, was pleased to order and
direct that the said Letters Patent should be granted to us as such executors as
aforesaid, and that an instrument in writing particularly describing and ascer-
taining the nature of the said Invention, and in what way the same was to be
performed, to be filed within or before the expiration of six months from the
date of the grant of Provisional Protection, under our hands and seals, as
executors of the said Benjamin Jones deceased, should be received and filed
and be as effectual as if the same had been filed under the hand and seal of the
said Benjamin Jones deceased, within the time or space of six calendar months
limited for that purpose.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Edwin Thompson and William Lazenby,
as such executors of the said Benjamin Jones, deceased, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawing, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to a novel construction and arrangement of press-
wheel rollers or clod crushers. The present mode of manufacturing clod
crushers only enables them to be of use on dry land; now, one of the objects
of the present Invention is to render them equally serviceable on wet as well as on
dry land. This Invention is also applicable to crushing, bruizing, pulverizing,
or granulating roots and vegetable substances, such as turnips, mangold
wurzel, &c., also fibrous substances, such as hemp, rhea fibre, &c., and quartz,,
and other hard substances.
We obtain the advantages which belong to this Invention by adopting the
following arrangement:-Two or more external rollers, working in the same
plane are fitted with internal rollers to correspond, the external rollers being
formed with blades or crushers of hammered iron or other material. When
the rollers are set in motion, the internal rollers fit into the interstices between
the blades, and are carried round in a direction contrary to that of the external
rollers, their operation in this respect being similar to that of ordinary spur
wheels. The earth and other matter is thus prevented from adhering to the
blades of the roller, which enables it to be used equally on wet as well as on
dry soil; the ordinary clod crushers at present in use speedily becoming
clogged up and unfit for use when used on wet land are thus rendered useless
for this purpose.
We manufacture the blades or crushers of the external
rollers of hammered iron; by its use, the efficiency of the implement is

page_text: In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1. exhibits a perspective view. of the
clod crusher according to our Invention; Fig. 2, an end elevation of the
rollers; Fig. 3, a front view of the internal roller or cleaner; Fig. 4, a section
of this internal roller or cleaner; Fig. 5, a section of the internal blades or
crushers. The same letters of reference denote the same parts in all the
Figures.
In the perspective view, Fig. 1, the various parts are shewn in their relative
positions and in working order; the rollers A, A, being arranged on the same
plane and each supplied with an internal roller B, B, for clearing the external
blades, these internal rollers revolving on their axes, being provided with
suitable bearings for that purpose, in the arm D. The internal roller B is
exhibited in section in Fig. 4, the projections of this roller fitting into the
interstices or between the openings of the blades of the external roller; so
that when the latter is put in motion the internal roller is also actuated and
revolves in the opposite direction. By this means the external roller is cleared
from clods and other matters which impede its progress on wet and clayey soils.
The malleable iron blades are fixed in the plate C and are secured by nuts or
other fastenings, the pointed portion of the blades forming the internal surface
of the roller. D is the arm of the internal roller; this arm is fixed with set
screws, or otherwise secured on the central shaft, which is the common shaft or
axle for both rollers. This arm D is also provided with a slot or groove F to
allow for the rise and fall of the internal roller. The internal roller may be
formed of wrought or cast iron or other material. Fig. 5 is a section of the
blades or iron crushers, for preference, making them of wrought iron, whereby
greater strength and lightness are obtained.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, we would observe in conclusion that we do not confine or restrict
ourselves to the precise details or arrangements which we have had occasion
to detail or refer to, as many variations may be made therefrom without
deviating from the principles or main features of the said Invention; but
what we consider novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention
secured to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,
Firstly, the novel arrangement and combination of the several parts of clod

page_text: crushers, arranged and operated substantially as herein described and as set
forth, whereby simplicity, lightness, compactness, and efficiency of action are
secured.
Secondly, the novel arrangement of internal rollers operating in connexion
with external rollers, as herein described & for the purpose set forth.
Thirdly, the use of malleable iron blades or crushers, as herein described
and for the purpose set forth.
Witness,
MICHAEL HUNTER,
Patent Agent,
131, Fleet St.
(L.S.)
EDWIN THOMPSON.
WILLIAM LAZENBY. (L.s.)