CERTAIN NEW AND USEFUL IMPROVEMENTS HAVING REFERENCE TO WIRE HEDDLES FOR LOOM HARNESS, AND PARTICULARLY THE CONSTRUCTION, MANUFACTURE, AND SUPPORT OF SUCH
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Darius Chase Brown, of the State of Massachusetts,
of the United States of America, for the Invention of "CERTAIN NEW AND
USEFUL IMPROVEMENTS HAVING REFERENCE TO WIRE HEDDLES FOR LOOM
HARNESS, AND PARTICULARLY THE CONSTRUCTION, MANUFACTURE, AND SUPPORT
OF SUCH." Partly a communication by John Ashworth, residing at
Andover, in the County of Essex, and State aforesaid.
5
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Darius Chase Brown at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration on the 9th September 1867, pursuant to the 9th Section of
the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852..
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, BE IT
KNOWN, that I, DARIUS CHASE BROWN, of the State of Massachusetts, of
the United States of America, am in possession of "CERTAIN NEW AND
USEFUL IMPROVEMENTS HAVING REFERENCE TO WIRE HEDDLES FOR LOOM HARNESS,
AND PARTICULARLY THE CONSTRUCTION, MANUFACTURE, AND SUPPORT OF SUCH," and
do hereby declare the nature of such Invention, and the manner in which it is
to be performed, to be fully represented and set forth in the following Specifi-
cation and accompanying Drawings:
The first part of the Invention consists in. a machine for making wire
heddles; the second, in an improved heddle eye, that is, as made of wires or
i

page_text: parts of a wire twisted together and subsequently spread laterally at the angle
or angles of junction so as to tighten the twist at either or both ends of the
eye, the object being to so form the eye at each extremity as to overcome the
liability of a warp thread or yarn when running through the eye of being
caught in or being injured by the twist of the wire; this I accomplish after
the formation of the twists of the eye by spreading the eye lengthwise so as to
impart to each end of it a semicircular form or approximation thereto, as
shown in Figure 33 of the Drawings. Where the wires form an acute angle
at their junction they are to be spread-so as to make their angles greater, and
at the same time elongate the eye and contract the twist of the wires.
Figure 32¹ denotes a warp heddle eye of the kind ordinarily made of wire,'
that is, as composed of two wires or parts A, B, of a wire twisted together, as
shown at C, C; such eyes usually have had their extremities or ends termi-
nating in acute angles, as shown at a, a. This form of the eye at its ends
renders the warp, yarn, or thread liable to become caught in either of the
twists of the wires, the consequence of which is breakage of or injury to the
warp.
The third part of the Invention is for the purpose of supporting the wire
heddles and also for enabling the harness frame after the heddles thereof may
have been supplied with warp threads to be easily bent around the curved
surface of the mass of warp wound on a warp beam or roller. This latter
part of the Invention is represented in Figures 34, 35, and 36, of which
Figure 34 denotes a side elevation, Figure 35 a transverse section, and
Figure 36 an end, elevation of a harness. frame containing such part of my
Invention, the nature of which consists in making the end connection bars of
the frame of thin strips of steel or other suitable equivalent capable of being
easily bent laterally in a curved form so as to fit to the curve of the circum-
ference of the yarn wound on a beam or roller.
In the said Figures 34, 35, and 36, a and b, b, are the heddle bars supported
by brackets c, c, and d, d, extending from two parallel bars A, B. The heddles
inade of wire are to be strung on the bars a, b; b, in manner as represented in
Figure 35, that is, they are all strung on the bar a, and they are alternately
strung on the bars b, b. The brackets of one bar A are connected with those
of the other bar by means of two straight elastic metallic strips or bars C, C,
capable of being bent, as above described. The elasticity of the bars C, C,
should be such that after the frames may have been bent and strapped upon a
yarn beam and removed therefrom, the said bars by their inherent elasticity
return to their normal or straight positions or forms.

page_text: '
.
The first part of the Invention, or, in other words, the machine for making
the wire heddles, may be thus described:Of the accompanying Drawings,
Figure 1 is a top view, Figure 2 is a front elevation, Figure 3 an elevation
of the left end, Figure 4, an elevation of the right end, and Figure 5, a longi-
tudinal and vertical section of it; Figures 6 and 7 are side views of a heddle
as made by the machine, the eye a of such heddle being arranged in a plane at
right angles with that of the two loops b, c. In the said Figures 6 and 7
d and e exhibit the longer twists, and f, g, h, i, and k represent the shorter
twists as effected by the machine. Such other Figures as may be necessary
to further delineate the said machine will be herein-after referred to and
described.
:
The principal constituents of the said machine may be thus defined :-
First. The mechanism for straightening the wire during its passage into the
machine.
:
Second. The mechanism for seizing the wire near its end, and drawing..it
into a position for it to be properly presented in the doubling mechanism.
Third. The doubling mechanism, or that which after a piece of wire may
have been severed from the coil seizes it at its middle and draws it into the
mechanism for subsequently twisting it.
Fourth. The mechanism for separating the legs of the double piece of wire
so that the dog can enter between them..
7
13."
Fifth. The mechanism or device which enters between the legs of the piece
of wire in order to aid in the formation of the eye of the heddle..
Sixth. The dog or mechanism which passes between the legs of the wire
and aids in the formation of the loop near the ends. of the wire; the other.loop
being formed by the mechanism which seizes the wire at its middle.
Seventh. The mechanism for putting the two longer twists in the doubled
wire.
Eighth. The mechanism for putting the shorter twists into the doubled
wire.
.
:
Ninth. The mechanism for adjusting the loops or turning them into
positions where their planes will be at or about at right: angles with that of
the eye.
Tenth. The mechanism for finishing the heddle or cutting off the surplus
wire.
Eleventh. The mechanism for discharging the heddle or effecting its
expulsion from the machine.
There are also certain auxiliary mechanisms which will be herein;after

page_text: described, among which may be mentioned a mechanism for spreading the
eye, also mechanism for discharging from the machine the surplus wire cut
off prior to the discharge of the heddle.
"T
.20
AL
In the Drawings, A denotes the frame for supporting the main operative.
parts; B is the driving shaft, there being on such shaft a pulley C and also a
clutch D for engaging the pulley with the shaft as occasion may require.
The pulley slides on the shaft, and is provided with a shipper E for moving it
either into or out of engagement with the clutch. In order to put the shaft
in revolution a belt from a suitable moter is to be run around the said pulley
C so as to revolve it. A pinion F on shaft B engages with a spur gear G
fixed on the main shaft H, which runs lengthwise through the frame, such
shaft H being revolved by means of such pinion and gear. The mechanism
for receiving the wire and straightening it during its passage into the
machine may be thus described:-I is a curved arm or lever which is
supported on
a fulcrum so as to be movable in a plane transversely: of
the machine. A row of pins m, m, m, projects from the front face of the
arm and below the other pins n, n, extending therefrom. A small slider
K is arranged on the upper part of the arm and so as to be capable
of being moved transversely of the arm, the slider being provided **with
adjusting screws ŕ, r, by which it may be moved so as to adjust two
The slider K also
pins o, o, extending from it with reference to the pins n, n.
has two other pins p, p, arranged parallel to each other extending from it over
and at right angles with the two pins o, o. The wire q in passing into the
machine is led around and between the several pins m, m, m, in a serpentine
form in manner as represented by a red line, thence it is passed between the pins
of each pair n, n, o, o, & p, p. As the wire is drawn from a coil it necessarily
becomes bent more or less, but by drawing it through the straightening
mechanism it may be perfectly straightened, the lower end of such mechanism
being tipped more or less on its fulcrum, and the slider being adjusted laterally
as occasion may require in order to effect the straightening. From the arm I
the wire passes to the grooved periphery of a wheel L composing part of the
next portion of the machine, viz., that for seizing the wire near its end and
drawing it into a position for its proper presentation to the doubling
mechanism.
:
This second portion of the machine is as follows, or may be thus described :-
The wheel L is fixed to a tubular hub or shaft M, which turns in and is
concentric with the main shaft H, and carries at its outer end a spur gear s,
which engages with another gear t whose teeth extend only around an are of

page_text: .
its circumference. The gear t is fastened to a shaft N arranged underneath
and parallel with the shaft H. Two gears u, v, on the two shafts H and N
serve to transmit rotary motion from the former to the latter of such shafts.
Figure 8 is an outer side view of the wheel L with its appliances; Figure 9
is a cross section of the wheel taken, through its axis and the cutter and
nipper levers. The wheel L has applied to its outer face two levers w, a,
the shorter arm of one of which, viz., that marked w, is intended to act against
a
2
jaw or part y of the wheel so as to nip or catch the wire in order to draw
it into the machine or over upon the periphery of the wheel during a rotary
movement of the said wheel. The other lever a carries a knife or blade for
severing from the wire the portion drawn over upon the wheel and in the
groove of the periphery. A lever plate O carrying two cams z, a', is arranged
against the outer face of the wheel L, and so as to turn on its hub as a
fulcrum. The cams z, a¹, are for operating the two levers so as to move their
shorter arms toward the wheel, opposite movements of such arms being effected
by springs b, c, fixed to the wheel. There is a stud d¹ projecting from the
lever plate O, and there is also a spring latch e fixed to the wheel and so as
to catch into either of two notches f¹, 9', in the edge of the lever plate, the.
latch being to retain the lever plate in either of two positions. The wheel L
also has a notch h¹ made in its periphery, such being flanked by two short
studs,, extended from the periphery of the wheel. The said notch is
arranged midway between the cutter and the nipper levers, and when the wire
is drawn into the machine and is ready to be cut this notch is brought up to
the highest part of the wheel so as to be in a position to move the device by
which the wire at its middle is seized and drawn away from the wheel in a
direction horizontal and at right angles to it and is doubled. When the
notch h of the wheel L has once attained said position the wheel is locked or
held stationary for a while by a latch lever k³, shown in Figure 8, such latch
taking into a notch made in the wheel. A cam m² fixed on the shaft M,
throws the latch out of action with the wheel L just previous to the said
wheel being put in revolution. During the revolution of the wheel L the
stud d' of the lever plate O will be carried against the longer arm of a movable
lever n', shown in dotted lines in Figure 3, such lever at such time being
held stationary by means of a stud o¹ projecting from the t. In
gear
consequence
of the stud d' being so carried against the lever n the lever plate O will be
moved on its fulcrum, and by its cams will close the nipper lever and open the
cutter lever. The nipper lever with its jaw on the wheel will thus be made to
seize the wire, and such wire will be drawn in with the wheel as the latter may
i..'

page_text: continue to revolve. The stud o¹ I so apply to its gear as to be capable of.
being adjusted radially thereof and fixed to the gear nearer to or further from:
its axis as occasion may require. This application of the stud to the gear is.
to enable the stud to be adjusted so as to cause the nipper lever to seize the
wire at the right time in order that the wire drawn in may be of the proper
length. The mechanism which severs the wire from the coil is brought into.
action after the wire has been drawn in by and over the wheel L. This
mechanism is the cutter lever x and its actuating devices.
At the proper
time an arm p¹ projecting from the shaft N will be carried against a stud q
projecting from the plate O, and will move the said plate Oso as to cause the
cutter lever to operate and sever the wire. At the same time the nipper.
lever will be moved so as to release the end of the wire previously severed
by it.
The next portion of the machine to be described is what I 'term .the
doubling mechanism, or that which after the piece of wire has been so drawn.
into the machine and severed from the rest of the coil of.. wire, is seized at:
its middle, and drawn longitudinally through certain mechanism for twisting.
the wire, whereby such peice of wire will be bent at its middle in a manner
to cause one-half or leg of it to be folded back upon the other half or leg.
of it. On the main shaft H is a gear haviug teeth only on a portion of:
its circumference; this gear engages with a pinion S¹ on a square.rod t, and:
arranged within a bracket u¹ projecting from the frame A. The pinion S¹
should be so applied to the said rod t as to enable thé rod. when moved
lengthwise to slide freely through the pinion; the said pinion serving under
other circumstances to revolve the rod. The rod t is the retracter or
device for seizing the wire at its middle and drawing it back. to effect the
doubling of it. The said retractor that its front or left end has a short loop
former u applied to it, such being more particularly exhibited in. Figures 10.
and 11, one of which is an under side and the other a side view of the.
retractor as it appears without its tongue v¹. The said retractor is grooved.
lengthwise on its under side to receive a sliding tongue v¹ which, is fixed to
a tubular slider w³, that slides freely on the retractor and against a helical.
spring, arranged thereon as represented. The spring a rests against a collar y¹,.
fixed on the retractor and so as to bear against a standard z¹ of a carriage a².
which is supported by and between parallel and horizontal rails or ways b, b,
arranged on the frame A, in manner as represented in the Drawings. In.
the rear of said standard there is anotber helical spring c², one end of which.
rests against the standard, and the other end is borne against a shoulder d³,

page_text: at the inner termination of that part of the: retractor which is square in
section. The retractor for some: distance in advance of the shoulder dis
cylindrical, and from thence to or near to its point or left end is semicircular
in section, but grooved on its flat side to receive the tongue v¹.. The
carriage a² has a rod e jointed to it and extended to and being jointed to
the wrist of a crank or armf" that is fixed on a transverse shaft 93, see
Figures 1 and 4.. A beveled pinion h² fixed on the shaft g² engages with a
bevel gear fixed on the right end of the main shaft H. There are teeth
only on an arc of the gear as shown at k². The object of the carriage, a³,
the connecting rod e³, the arm f³, the shaft g², the pinion h², and the gear 2
is to effect the advance and retreat of the retractor at the proper time. A
bent lever latch applied to a post m and formed as represented in
Figures 2 and 4, serves to support the crank or arm f2 when the retractor
is in. its rearmost position, the arm there resting on a shoulder n² of the
latch. There is a cam o projecting from the gear h²; this cam is for
the purpose of disengaging the latch from the arm f at the proper time,
which it will do by its.. action against the arm p² of the latch. A spring q³.
serves to draw the arm p² up to the periphery of the cam and its wheel.
The retractor t when advanced enters into the notch h¹ of the wheel L, but
'the tongue v¹ will not then fully enter the notch, but will be held back by a
lever m³ supported by a bar n² extended across the frame A, the lower arm
of the lever acting against a cammed arm o² projecting from the main shaft H,
An end view of the said arm is given in Figure 12, and a side view of it in
Figure 13. The hook or loop former u¹, of the retractor having passed over
and beyond the wire in the notch h¹ (such loop former there projecting
downward from the part of the retractor from which it extends) the
tongue will next be driven forward underneath the wire and against the
loop former u; the forward movement of the tongue will be effected by the
spring after the passage of the cammed arm o beyond the lever m²: A
small shoulder p³ on the tongue brings up against the wire and holds it
closely against the heel of the loop former. After the wire may have thus
been seized by the retractor the latter will be drawn backward so as to
draw the wire through the several pairs of twisting jaws or devices,, whose
operative pinions are represented at q², r, s, and t, see Figures 1 and 5.
The next part of the machine to be explained is the mechanism for
separating the legs of the doubled piece of wire in order that the "dog," to
be. berein-after explained may. enter. between them. A wedge u² -slides
vertically on an arm 2 (see Figure 14. which is a side view of the said wedge

page_text: and its operative mechanism) and has its shank w jointed to a lever a whose
fulcrum y projects from the arm . At a proper time a pin extending from
the gear 63 to be herein-after described will by the gear be carried under
and against the lever a, and will raise the lever so as to force the wedge
u up between the legs of the wire in order to press them apart during
the descent of the said lever, A spring a³ fixed to the arm 62 and under-
neath another spring f³ (also fixed to the said arm and extended, over the
wedge) will depress the wedge.⠀ .
. 1
The next part of the machine is the device or mechanism which enters
between the legs of the wire in order to aid in the formation of the eye a
(see Figures 6 and 7) of the heddle. Figure 15 is a transverse section of
the machine taken through this device, which is shown at P in Figure 5; the
'said eye former slides vertically in a stationary arm 9³ resting on a lever h³,
and has a spring applied to it for depressing it; a cam ³ fixed on the
shaft H serves by its action against the lever h³ to elevate: the eye former P
so as to cause its upper part to enter between the legs of the wire and hold
them apart while they may be in the act of being twisted. so as to form the
eye on the said former; at the same time the lever h³ is forced upward. it is
"made to act against and press upward the shorter arm of another lever k³
arranged and having a spring applied to it as represented; the said lever k³
carries on its longer arm a presser R, which consists of two springs 1, 1,
united by a cross piece m³ that projects upward from a lever k³; there are on
the screw a helical spring of and a nut p³; the spring o³ rests on a cross
piece m³; the lower ends of the springs ³, P, of the presser R rest on the legs
of the wire and hold them down against the top of the arm g³, while they
may be in the act of being twisted. The eye former P is of a peculiar con-
struction, and after an eye may have been formed on it it is made to operate
so as to spread the said eye lengthwise in order to impart to each end of the
eye a semicircular or semi-elliptical form, or an approximation. thereto, that is,
the wires where they form an acute angle at their junction are spread so as
to make their angle greater, and at the same time elongate the eye and con-
tract the twist, the object being to so close the twist as to prevent a warp or
any knot thereof while running through the eye from being caught in the
. twist. In order to accomplish the spreading of the eye by the former P such
former at its upper part is composed of two separate portions or fingers q³, 9³,
which are so hinged or connected with the stick of the said frame as to
allow of the said fingers being spread apart against the springs 1, 1³, of the
presser. A shaft 3 by entering between the fingers 93, 93, and being turned

page_text: presses them apart, the said shaft where between the fingers being rectangular
in section; the said shaft is supported by the arm v³: in .bearings applied
thereto; a stud 3 projects from the shaft over an arm us extended from
another shaft, see Figures 1 and 15; another arm w³ projects from the
shaft, and at a proper time will be raised by a stud or roller as applied to
the left side of the gear wheels. The mechanism, therefore, for spreading the
heddle eye consists of the fingers 93, 93, the shaft s³, stud.ts, arm u³, shaft v³,
arm w and the stud or roller ³ extended from the gear 63 as described.
The next part of the machine to be explained is the dog S or mechanism
which passes between the legs of the wire and aids in the formation of that
loop which is next to the two ends of the wire, the other loop being formed
by the loop former of the retractor; the said dog S is represented as. pro-
jecting into the shaft or eye of the pinion q² and from a cam plate a³ arranged
alongside of such pinion. Figure 17 is a vertical section taken through the
plate and transversely of the machine, such also showing the gear a³ and
the two studs or rollers y³, 23, applied thereto for elevating and depressing the
cam plate so as to force the dog S upward and downward as occasion may
require; the said cam plate a³ is actuated or moved on the hub of the pinion
by the studs y, ³, during a revolution of the gear a³; there is a spring
bolt a applied to the side of the pinion q and so as to operate with either of
two notches b, c, in the plate so as to hold the plate in either of its
positions relatively to the pinion.
.
:
The next portions of the machine to be explained are the mechanisms for
putting the two longer twists in the doubled wire. The dog S when between
the legs of the wire and rotated with and by the pinion q³ will put one of the
longer twists in the said legs, that is, will twist such legs together. The
rotary motion of the pinion q³ is effected by the gear a³ which engages with
such pinion. The other longer twist is effected by revolving the retractor,
such being accomplished by the segment gear r¹ and the pinion,s', as herein-
before described.
The next portions of the machine are the mechanisms for putting the
shorter twists into the doubled wire. Each of the mechanisms shown at T, U,
and V, and termed the twisters, is connected to the hub of one of the pinions
,, and t, which pinions gear respectively into the gears 62, 3, and d³.
Figures 18, 19, and 20 are side elevations of each of the said mechanisms,
they being alike in principle although changed in some particulars in the
forms of their slide plates; they are arranged in the machine, and with respect
to. their pinions 2, s2, and t, in manner as represented in Figures 1 and 5.

page_text: Figure 21: is an opposite side elevation of the twister T; Figure 22. is a
vertical section of it; Figures 23.and 24 are transverse sections of it. The
part d'of it is a cylindrical head or block fastened to the journal or hub of the
pinion. Within the head d are two jaws or slides 1,,.capable of moving
diametrically in the head, they being kept in place by a cap plate e.. A flange
wheel turns freely. on the hub of the pinion, there being two notches g, h,
made in the flange i of such wheel; these notches receive a cammed lever or
slider which. slides lengthwise in. the head d. From each of the jaw
slides 1,, aistud or pin: m projects: and enters one of two inclined slots.n', o'
made in the body of the flanged wheel f4. Screws p, p, screw. through the
flange near one terminus of. each of the slots n', ot, and are provided with
check nuts qt; q, the whole being as represented in Figures 21, 22, 23, and 24.
When the slider kt.is moved.lengthwise in either direction it by acting against
the flange will turn the wheelf on the hub of the. pinion, and so as to
cause the jaw slides to be either moved toward or away from one another, the
slide plate at the termination of either, movement being held in position by a
spring latch which.is. arranged.in the head, and so as to operate with either.
of two notches s, t, made in the slide plate. For effecting the sliding move-
ments of each of the slide: plates at the proper times each of the gears b³, c³, d³,
is: provided with two studs to project from it, as shown at r, s, such studs by
being moved in succession against the end of the arms of the slide plate pro-
duces the movements requisite to open and close the jaws of the twister. The
two: gears c³, d³, are fastened to the shaft H so as to be revolved by it, but
the other two gears a³, 63, turn freely on the shaft H and engage with two
pinions t, u, fixed on another or short horizontal shaft v. Another pinion w
on the shaft engages with a pinion 2, which in turn engages with and
revolves the gear d³, the pinion being fixed on another shaft y'. After
each set of the twisters may have been closed upon the wire their twister by
continuing to revolve will twist the two legs of the wire together so as to form
therein the three shorter twists, viz., those on the flanks of the eye and that
next the loop: which is formed on the retractor. The two remaining shorter
twists i, k, see Figures 6 and 7, are put into the wire by the revolution of the
pinion q and the dog S, the wire in the mean time being grasped between two
sets of jaws which are arranged at opposite ends of the hub of the pinion, or, in
other words; applied to the cross bar which supports the pinion. There are
stationary jaws or plates a5 or 6 fixed to the opposite sides of the cross bar c
on which the pinion q is supported. Figures 25; and 26 are elevations of
opposite sides of the bar c with the stationary and movable jaws and other

page_text: parts applied to such bar;
Figure. 27 is a transverse and: central section of
such bar and the pinion 9. Figure 28 is a longitudinal section. taken.through
the outermost jaws and the presser lever of the upper of such jaws. Two
bent levers.d, e, are applied to the bar c. . The shorter arms of the lever' c³
or a projection f³ thereof constitutes one of the movable jaws, or that which
operates with the stationary jaw. 65. A spring 9 projecting from the bar c
and against the. longer arm of the lever et serves to effect. the elevation of the
jaw.fs, the depression. of such. jaw being effected by a cam h fixed on the
main shaft H. The other movable jaw is shown at ; it slides in.a.vertical
direction through the shorter arm of the lever. ds, or. against or in close
proximity with the cutter carried: by such lever, and so:as: to operate with
another or stationary cutter. 16 arranged between the stationary jaw a and the
end of. the hub of. the gear 92, such end of such hub being made concave to
receive the said cutter 15. A lever m³ jointed. at one end. to the lever d³ bears
on the jaw , and is pressed down thereupon by a spring n. A cam os fixed-
on the outer side of the gear. a³.serves to move the lever d³.. The pinion q³ and
the dog S after having formed with the. jaws a loop leave such loop, standing
in.a plane at right angles with that of the eye, the same being as shown in
Figure 6 and 7, where the loop c is exhibited. as at right. angles with the eye a..
The other loop 6 is turned or set at right angles to the eye a by means of.the.
retractor't....
..
!!
Figure 29. is a transverse section of the machine taken near the right-hand
end of the frame, and.so as to exhibit the mechanism for turning the retractor
in order to cause it while grasping a wire. to: turn the loop 6 into a plane at
right angles with that of the eye. a. This mechanism.may be thus described :-
A pinion p is fixed on the retractor. t. This pinion. at the proper time. is
engaged with and revolved by a curved rack 95 projecting from a lever.³,
which rests on a cam s³ affixed on the main shaft H. A spring 15: draws the
lever toward the periphery of the cam. When it may be necessary to revolve
the retractor ninety degrees of a circle. in order to effect the setting.of.the
loop. as mentioned the rack will be elevated by its engagement with and
action upon the pinion p, the retractor, will be revolved the requisite distance.
We have next to describe the mechanism for finishing: the beddle or cutting
off the surplus wire, and discharging such surplus from the machine. The
separation of the surplus metal from the heddle is effected by the two cutters
ks.and.15, as before described; and such. surplus is crowded or pushed away.
from the lower cutter by means of a discharger u, that is so applied.:to the
bar:c as to be capable of being moved laterally thereon horizontally back and

page_text: forth. The forward movement of the discharger is effected by a stud v
projecting. from the gear a³. During the revolution of the gear a³ this stud
will be forced against an arm w projecting from the discharger, and thereby
will impel the discharger forward. The retraction of the discharger is effected
in a similar manner by another stud a being made to act against the tail of
the lever connected with the bar c. suitably jointed to the discharger.
Each of the studs after having effected the proper movements of the discharger
passes by the part against which it may act directly. Within the bar n² is a
rotary bearing 2 for supporting the retractor during the longitudinal and
rotary movements. In order that the loop of wire held by the retractor may be
kept in a right line with the rest of the heddle it becomes necessary to
arrange the axis of the bearing a little eccentric with respect to the axis of the
retractor, the amount of eccentricity being equal to the thickness of the tongue
of the retractor and half the diameter of the wire of which the heddle is
made; in other. words, the bearing should be so arranged that while
revolving it will cause the retractor where hold of the wire to revolve the
loop, so that its axis shall be in the same straight line with the axis of the
heddle, otherwise the loop would be bent more or less with respect to the rest
of the heddle, which would be a serious disadvantage.
We have next to explain the mechanism for discharging the beddle or
effecting its expulsion from the machine. In order that the outer end of the
finished heddle while the heddle may be in the act of being expelled froni the
machine may not be driven against the wire just previously drawn in upon
the periphery of the wheel L, and intended for the formation of the next
succeeding heddle, the spring fs herein-before mentioned is employed to
press upon the heddle as it rests upon the inner stationary part and bend it
down a little, so as to cause its outer end to be thrown up in a manner to
enable such end to pass over the wire on the wheel L during the discharge of
the heddle. The spring f³ should be curved or bent on its lower surface trans-
versely in order to enable the retractor to pass and repass it without doing
injury to the spring. This form of the spring is represented in Figure 30,
which is a front end view of the spring, and also in Figure 31, which is a
side. view of it. As the heddle is discharged from the machine it enters and
A vertical and
passes through a conductor W erected on a standard X.
transverse section of this conductor is given in Figure 32, it being formed of
two plates arranged vertically and at a short distance apart, and extending up
from a bottom piece Y, curved as represented in Figure 5. A guard or spring
also extends through the conductor and over the piece Y in manner as

page_text: represented. The floor or curved bottom Y of the conductor by its form
causes the heddle as it passes over it to be elevated and discharged from the
loop former of the retractor, the heddle by its gravity and by the action of the
spring Z being caused to fall out of the contractor.
The machine although very complicated in its construction has been found
to operate with great success, and to require very little attention. It will
continue in operation and in the manufacture of the heddles so long as the
coil of wire may not be exhausted. The heddles are made with great per-
fection and in a state, to be used at once in a loom.
I am aware that automatic machines for the, manufacture of heddles from
wire are not new, but such machines have never to my knowledge been
provided with mechanism for spreading the heddle eye lengthwise in manner
as herein-before described.
7
Therefore what I claim as my Invention in the above specified machine is
as follows:-
I claim the combination or machinery for spreading the heddle eye.length-
wise, as described.
i.
And I also claim the combination of machinery for spreading the heddle eye
lengthwise as specified, with mechanism for forming such eye from wire in
manner substantially, as explained, such mechanism for spreading the eye
consisting of the fingers q³, q³, and mechanism for operating them, as
set forth.
"
i
. I also claim the presser R as constructed and provided with mechanism
for operating it substantially as described.
I also claim the combination of such presser R (provided with mechanism
for operating it as described) with the eye. former P, made so as to form and
spread the eye of the heddle as specified, and with the next adjacent twisters
T, U, to form the twist of the eye,. as explained.
. I also claim the mechanism or combination for straightening, the wire
during its passage into the machine, the same consisting of the curved arm I
and its pins m, n, and the slider k, and its pins o, o, the whole being arranged
and applied together and to the frame of the machine, substantially in manner
and so as to operate as specified.
I also claim the arrangement of the latch lever, k¹ and the cam m' with the
wheel L, its notch, and the shaft M, such latch lever, k¹ being for stopping
the wheel L, as set forth.
I also claim the combination as well as the arrangement of the nipping and
cutting levers w, x, and their operative mechanism with the wheel L, such

page_text: operative mechanism being the plate O and its cams z; a', and the springs b','c¹,
the 'stud d', the latch e¹, notches f¹, g¹; the lever- n², stud´o', 'arm p¹, and
'stud q¹.
I also claim the combination for operating the dog S for moving it length-
wise on the pinion q; such consisting of the cam plate ³ and 'the studs y³, ³,
of the gear a³, and in combination with the cam plate and its dog S I claim
'the spring bolt a' and the notch b, c, arranged as explained.
I also claim the combination of the pinion p, the curved rack q³, the
lever, the cam ss, and the spring 5, or their equivalents with the retractor t¹,
'combined with mechanism for twisting wire, and having mechanism for
'operating such retractor in other respects, substantially as set forth.
I also claim the combination of the auxiliary twister V (provided with
mechanism for operating it as described) with the two twisters T, U, to
operate together and with the retractor, and provided with mechanism for
operating them as specified.
:
I also claim the twister; as composed of the head d*, the jaws or slides l', ',
the flanged wheel f, the cammed lever or slider k, the studs m', m', and
slots n', n', the whole being arranged substantially as described.
I also claim the combination of the screws p', p', with the twister T, made
substantially as described, the purpose of such screws being to adapt the
twister to operate on wire of different sizes.
I also claim the application or arrangement of the slide jaw, the lever m³,
and its spring n³ with the lever d³, applied to the bar c³, and for the purpose
specified.
I also claim the combination or arrangement of the spring f¹, or its
equivalent, with the mechanism for making the heddle, such spring when the
heddle may be resting on the inner stationary jaw of the bar c being to press
the heddle down a little, as and for the purpose herein-before specified.
I also claim the combination of the discharger u³ (provided with mechanism
for operating it as described) with mechanism for, operating the heddle, as
specified.
I also claim the conductor W, substantially as described.
I also claim the combination for actuating the tongue 3 of the retractor t¹,
in order to enable a heddle to be removed from the retractor and the tongue
to close upon the next succeeding piece of wire introduced into the retractor,
such combination consisting of the slider w, the spring, the lever m², and
the cam 'o, also their combination with the retractor and its tongue.
I also claim the improved heddle eye, made substantially as described, that

page_text: is, of wires or parts of a wire twisted together, and subsequently spread laterally
at the angle or angles of junction, in manner substantially as set forth, so as
to tighten the twist at either or both of the ends of the eye, as and for the
purpose herein-before explained.
I. also claim the improved harness, or heddle frame as made with elastic.
connection bars (see Figures 34 and 36), substantially as and for the purpose..
specified.
I also claim the manner of supporting the heddles in the frame, viz., by
three bars (a, b, b, see Figure 34, 35, and 36, the heddles being arranged or
strung on them as represented.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, this 10th