Improvements in and connected with Apparatus for the Condensation of Steam and Vapours.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Oct., 1897-Accepted, 19th Feb., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Apparatus for the Condensation
of Steam and Vapours.
I, JACOB KLEIN, of 7 and 8, South Parade, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement: —
This invention relates to apparatus employed for and in connection with the
condensation of steam and vapours such for example as the exhaust steam from
stationary engines, and has been designed with the object of attaining complete
condensation by the aid of comparatively small quantities of condensing water
with a single circulating pump.
My improvements consist in the combination and arrangement with any suitable
type of condenser, of any suitable water cooling appliances and a pump or other
means for circulating the cooling water.
I may carry out my invention in many various ways but I prefer to employ the
arrangement illustrated in vertical transverse section by the accompanying drawing.
As therein shewn, C indicates an evaporative condenser: W W, water coolers:
R, a tank or water receiver: and P, a centrifugal circulating pump. The con-
denser, of whatever type, may be arranged in any convenient relationship with the
water cooler. Thus, it may be arranged at the foot of the cooler within or above
the tank, with part of the cooler above it and part below, above the cooler, or
alongside it as may be found more convenient and best adapted to meet local require-
ments. But, when the cooler and condenser are arranged alongside each other or
otherwise than in a vertical column, a modification of the water circulation
may be necessary.
The water cooler, as represented by the drawing, consists of one or more groups
or series W, of grids g supported at their upper ends upon suitable cross bearers g¹
forming part of the general framework which may or may not be enclosed
within walling boarding or the like, or within a chimney, in which latter case the
draught produced in the chimney may in effect substitute the cooler as will be
further hereinafter described. Each group or series of grids W, is arranged,
in plan view, at right angles to the series or groups above and below it. Con-
sequently, in the drawing, the grids in the upper and third groups are shewn in
elevation and those in the second and fourth groups in cross section. Above the
upper series there is shewn the cross trough T, and below this trough there is
a series of longitudinal troughs t¹ into which the water runs from T through the
branches t. The lower edge of each of the grids, except, if desired, in the bottom
series, may terminate in a notched board N, the object of the notches being
that their points shall conduct and deliver the cooling water directly upon the
grids in the group below, and not between them. This arrangement and con-
struction of cooling surface is preferred to be employed because it provides a
comparatively enormous surface within a small space at a moderate cost, but I
desire it to be understood that I may use any kind of cooler whatever of equivalent

page_text: construction or producing an equivalent effect. Thus, referring again to the
drawing, let the whole of the series of grids W W, constituting the cooler be
omitted, and the framework be enclosed or be substituted by walling so as to
constitute a vertical shaft or chimney, leaving the evaporative condenser C in the
position shewn. Then the system of troughs T, t t may be arranged above
the condenser as in the drawing they are shewn to be arranged above
the cooler, so as to effectively distribute the condensing water over the surface of
the condenser. A suitable inlet or inlets for air is or are arranged below the con-
denser. When the apparatus is in work, the heat from the condenser is taken up
in part by the surrounding air which then naturally rises through the chimney
creating a draught which promotes evaporation and consequently, condensation
also. The condensing water may be otherwise arranged to be distributed over
the condenser, but I prefer that in any case it should not be allowed to fall for
any distance through the rising current of air, as thereby the draught would be
impaired.
As shewn by the drawing, the condensing water is lifted from the receiver R
by the pump P to the trough T whence it flows over the coolers W to the con-
denser C. E is the exhaust pipe and A the air-pump pipe.
If the condenser is not arranged below or in the cooler column, but alongside
it, then I branch the pipe p from the pump so that part of the delivery of con-
densing water may flow to the cooler, and part to the condenser, the branches
through which the divided stream flows being arranged by their relative sizes
or by valve control, to deliver to the cooler and condenser respectively their
appropriate supply. In this case, as described with reference to the chimney
arrangement, the condensing water may be distributed to the condenser by means
of a system of troughs T t t such as is shewn in the drawing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. Apparatus for the condensation of steam and vapours, consisting of a single
column composed of a condenser, a cooler and a receiving tank from which the
water is returned to the upper part of the column by a single pump or water
elevator: substantially as herein, before described and as illustrated by the accom-
panying drawing.
2. Apparatus for the condensation of steam and vapours, consisting of a vertical
shaft or chimney enclosing an evaporative condenser arranged above a receiving
tank and air inlet to which condenser the condensing water is supplied by a single
pump or water elevator, substantially as herein before described with reference
to the accompanying drawing.
3. Apparatus for the condensation of steam and vapours, consisting of a cooler
and a condenser arranged side by side above a tank or receiver, and a single pump
or water elevator having its delivery stream of condensing water divided so as to
flow partly over the condenser and partly over the cooler, substantially as herein-
before described.
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