IMPROVEMENTS IN " APPARATUS FOR DEMONSTRATING THE MOTION OF THE EARTH OR OTHER PLANETS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th July 1882. A communication
to bim from abroad by Georg Rudholzner, of Reichenhall, Germany.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
"
APPARATUS FOR DEMONSTRATING THE MOTION OF THE EARTH OR OTHER PLANETS,"
a communication to me from abroad by Georg Rudholzner, of Reichenhall,
Germany,
This invention consists in apparatus for illustrating a new theory on the motion
of the earth and other planets.
According to this theory the earth does not describe an ellipse at an average
distance of 21 millions of geographical miles from the sun, but a full circle of
619000 miles diameter, which circle may be considered as the base of a cone
having its apex in the sun, and whose side with the earth at the base describes
the conical surface once in a year. The second motion of the earth consists in its
daily revolution around an axis which connects the north with the south pole and
the third motion a yearly revolution of the earth around an axis perpendicular to
the circle at the base of the cone.
For demonstrating this motion I erect in the centre of a circular base plate a
vertical column carrying at the top a globe which represents the sun.
This
column is pivoted in a standard which itself can be turned in a socle rigidly fixed
to the base plate and having a scale marked on its upper surface.
Immediately over the socle the column carries a radial arm the extremity of
which holds a smaller stand carrying a globe which represents the earth and can
be turned on a horizontal axis passing through its centre, while the whole arm
with the globe can be turned around the central column. The line connecting the
centre of the earth with the centre of the sun is represented by a wire, and the
plane passing through the centre of the earth perpendicularly to the said
connecting line, is represented by a ring of sheet metal, the angle of this plane
with the plane in which the centre of the earth moves being 23 degrees. The
said sheet metal ring is secured to the central column by a radial arm and an
adjustable slide.
2
The socle of the small stand is provided with a magnetic compass, and the radial

page_text: arm has a longitudinal slot with a pointer for indicating on the graduated circle
the exact positions.
A simpler form of the new tellurium consists only of a globe representing the
earth, together with its stand, socle and shadow-ring (sheet metal ring) similar to
those already described. The shadow-ring is supported by four arms and movable
around the stand by means of a sleeve. An arm extending from the ring upward
carries an arrow which represents the direction of the sun rays.
The shadow-ring
of the complete and of the simplified tellurium is provided with names of the
months, and that of the simplified tellurium contains besides a graduated scale
similar to that applied to the base-plate of the complete tellurium.
The different inotions described inay be performed automatically by combining
with the tellurium a suitable clockwork.