Improvements in Pneumatic Tires.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Nov., 1895-Accepted, 9th May, 1896
Improvements in Pneumatic Tires.
1, ANDREW GRAFF, of 111 Pacific Street, in the City of Brooklyn, County of
Kings, and State of New York, United States of America, Shoe Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
Specification :―
This invention relates to pneumatic tires for bicycles and similar vehicles; and
the object thereof is to provide an effective tire of this class, which will be more
durable than usual, and which will not be liable to be punctured or otherwise
injured, so as to render the same useless; a further object being to provide a
tire of this kind which is simple in construction and which is comparatively
inexpensive.
This invention is fully disclosed in the following Specification, of which the
accompanying drawing form a part, in which :-
Fig. 1, is a transverse section of my improved tire.
Fig. 2, a similar view showing a modified form of construction; and,
Fig. 3, an inner side view of a section thereof.
In the practice of my invention, I provide a pneumatic tire consisting of an
inner canvas tube A, which is formed from a strip of canvas cut the required
length and width, to form the tube, and given one or more coats of cement which
is preferably water proof, and after being allowed to dry, the sides thereof are
overlapped, as shown at a, and cemented together or stitched and cemented
together, and the tube A, thus formed, is enclosed by an outer tube of leather
composed of a bearing portion B, of sole leather, which has been previously treated
in such manner as to render it flexible said outer or bearing portion being wide
enough in cross section to extend a little more than half way around the tube A,
and the outer portions of the sides thereof, being cut away or skived as shown at b,
and secured to each side are strips C, of thinner and softer leather, said strips C,
being cemented thereto, or stitched and cemented thereto, and the free edges of the
strips C, are then overlapped, and cemented or stitched and cemented together, as
shown at D, and these overlapped portions of the strips C, are also cemented or
stitched and cemented to the inner tube A.
My improved tire may be secured to the rim E, of a wheel, in any desired, or in
the usual manner; and, as will be understood, the usual means for inflating the
same with air are provided.
In the construction shown in Fig. 2, I also employ a tube A, which is composed
of canvas coated with cement, as hereinbefore described, and within this tube is
arranged or placed a tube F, of rubber, and the adjacent edges of the strips C,
where they meet on the inner side of the tire are lapped or folded over the
corresponding edges of the tube A, which is divided at this point, and passing
therethrough are eyelets G, by which the adjacent inner edges of the tube A, and
the outer tube composed of the parts B and C, are stitched together as shown in
Fig. 3; and it will also be seen that the inner tube F, is continuous, and that
portion thereof adjacent to the eyelets G, being also air tight.
This form of tire may also be connected with the rim of a wheel in the usual
or any desired manner; and my invention is not limited to the means for making
this connection, nor is it limited to the form, construction and arrangement of

page_text: parts herein described; and I therefore reserve the right to make all such
alterations therein, and modifications thereof, as fairly come within the scope of
the invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A pneumatic tire for bicycles and other vehicles, comprising an inner tube of
canvas which is coated with cement, said tube being formed from a strip of the
material, and the sides thereof being overlapped and cemented together and an
outer tube composed of a bearing portion of sole leather, which extends part way
around the inner tube, and the sides of which are cut away or skived and provided
with strips of thinner leather which are secured thereto, said strips being overlapped
to form a tube and cemented together and to the inner tube, substantially as shown
and described.
2. A pneumatic tire for bicycles and other vehicles, composed of an inner tube
of canvas formed from a strip of the material, which is coated with cement and the
sides of which are overlapped or cemented together to form a tube of and an outer
casing composed of a bearing portion of sole leather which extends part way around
the inner tube and the sides of which are skived or beveled, and strips of thinner
leather stitched and cemented thereto, said strips being also overlapped to form a
tube, and stitched and cemented together and said parts being also secured to the
inner tube, substantially as shown and described.
3. A pneumatic tire for bicycle or other vehicles, comprising an inner tube of
canvas which is coated with cement, and an outer tube which is composed of a
bearing portion of sole leather, the sides of which extend part way around the
inner tube and are skived or thinned and strips of thinner leather which are secured
thereto, the adjacent edges of said strips being secured together, substantially as
shown and described.
4. A pneumatic tire for bicycles and other vehicles, comprising an inner tube of
canvas which is coated with cement and an outer tube which is composed of a
bearing portion of sole leather, the sides of which extend part way around the
inner tube and are skived or thinned and strips of thinner leather which are
secured thereto, the adjacent edges of said strips being secured thereto, and
an inner tube of rubber within the canvas tube, substantially as shown and
described.
5. A pneumatic tire for bicycle or other vehicle, comprising an inner tube of
canvas which is coated with cement and an outer tube which is composed of a
bearing portion of sole leather the sides of which extend part way.around the inner
tube and are skived or thinned and strips of thinner leather which are secured
thereto, the adjacent of said strips being secured together, and an inner tube of
rubber within the canvas tube, the adjacent edges of the outer strips of leather
being folded over the adjacent edges of the tube of canvas which is divided on
the inner side and said folded portions being provided with eyelets by which the
separate parts of the outer tube are laced together, substantially as shown and
described.
Dated this 17th day of November 1895.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
Agents.