Improvements in Cans or Churns used in the Conveyance of Milk.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Dec., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 7th Sept., 1893-Accepted, 7th Oct., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cans or Churns used in the Conveyance of Milk.
We, J. H. HOPKINS AND SONS, LIMITED, of Granville Works, Granville
Street in the City of Birmingham, Iron and Tin Plate Workers and Japanners,
and THOMAS DAVISON, Foreman in the employment of the said Company, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object to render cans or churns used in the conveyance
of milk better adapted for the purpose, and to increase their durability.
A can or churn for the purpose aforesaid, constructed according to this invention,
has a screw or worm formed around the lower portion of the bell or neck, by
pressing the substance of the sheet metal of which it is composed into a spiral
shape of which the convolutions or corrugations represent the thread or successive
turns of the screw. The lower portion of the lid is correspondingly screw-threaded,
and the lid is fixed by screwing it into the screw thread of the neck, and it may, in
addition, be locked in place by any convenient form of lock fastening. The
screwed part of the lid forms a parallel extension below a tapered upper portion
which corresponds in shape to the lids usually employed. The screwed joint
prevents the milk from being splashed through between the sides of the lid and the
sides of the neck; but, as an extra precaution against any leakage in such manner,
a rubber joint ring may be fixed around the inner end of the upper or tapered
portion of the lid to bed against the inner surface of the bell-mouthed portion of
the neck, and thus securely seal the joint. The outer surface of the screw formed
around the neck is covered by a sheet metal band, both for the sake of appearance
and to protect the screw from injury. The lid may be raised in one piece of sheet
metal, or the circular wall thereof may be in one piece of metal and the disc
portion be soldered in place therein at the bottom or at the bottom of the bell-
mouthed part thereof. The neck may be conveniently fixed to the top of the body
by turning a cylindrical portion at the bottom thereof underneath a wired top
edge of the body and soldering the parts together.
The ventilator is formed of a hollow perforated cone, or other hollow perforated
part, fixed to the lid and open at its base to the interior of the can, and of a hood
which covers such cone or part and is also fixed to the lid and is perforated around
its top with air-holes. The hood is sufficiently larger than the cone or corresponding
part to leave a space between its interior surface and the exterior of the cone or
corresponding part, and holes are pierced through the portion of the lid which is
between the hood and cone or corresponding part. Any milk which splashes up
through the cone or corresponding part into the hood falls back into the can
through the perforations in the lid, as the check which the cone or corresponding
part presents to the splashing prevents the milk from splashing also through the
holes around the top of the hood.
The bottom of the can is preferably raised in one piece of sheet metal, and is
formed with its upper part tapered to the taper of the bottom of the can so as to
fit fairly well therein, and with a base which is preferably tapered or inclined
somewhat more than the body, and a ledge or set off is formed between the top of
the base and the bottom of the upper portion, on which the bottom of the body
beds. The base is formed also, originally, with an outward flange around the
bottom. The body is riveted to the bottom by rivets which pass through the side
thereof and through the side of the upper portion of the bottom, the inner ends of
the rivets being thus below the effective bottom of the can. The body is also
soldered to the upper part of the bottom. A steel band with a wired lower edge
is then placed around the exterior of the base and of the lower end of the body
and is soldered to the body, and the flange of the base is turned up over the wired

page_text: edge of the band and is then soldered. The outer ends of the rivets used in fixing
the body to the upper part of the bottom are concealed by the band.
The foot, and the means by which it is connected to the body, add greatly to the
strength and durability of the can.
In lieu of a number of indices permanently fixed inside the can to shew the
quantity of milk therein at any time, a strip of enamelled metal, marked as
required, is slid into place within guides running down one side of the interior of
the can.
This index or gauge has a projection at its upper end by which it may
be drawn out for cleansing.
Dated this 7th day of December 1899
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Wolverhampton, Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cans or Churns used in the Conve, ance of Milk.
We, J. H. HOPKINS AND SONS, LIMITED, of Granville Works, Granville
Street, in the City of Birmingham, Iron and Tin Plate Workers and Japanners,
and THOMAS DAVISON, Foreman in the employment of the said Company do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention has for its object to render cans or churns used in the conveyance
of milk better adapted for the purpose, and to increase their durability.
A can or churn constructed according to this invention, for the purpose aforesaid,
is illustrated in vertical section by Figure 1 of the drawings herewith, in which
however portions of the can on the left hand side are shewn as incomplete.
In order that the invention may be readily and clearly understood we will at once
proceed to describe the same with reference to the drawings and the letters of
reference marked thereon.
A screw or worm a is formed around the lower portion of the bell or neck A, by
pressing the substance of the sheet metal of which it is composed into a spiral
shape of which the convolutions or corrugations represent the thread or successive
turns of the screw. The lower portion b of the lid B is correspondingly
screw-threaded, and the lid is fixed by screwing it into the screw thread of
the neck; and to enable this to be conveniently done the lid is provided with
a handle c. The lid may, in addition to being screwed in place, be locked
by any convenient form of lock fastening. The screwed part 6 of the lid
forms, as shewn, a parallel extension below the tapered upper portion which
corresponds in shape to the lids usually employed. The screwed joint prevents
the milk from being splashed through between the sides of the lid and the sides of
the neck; but as an extra precaution against any leakage in such manner, a rubber
joint ring may be fixed around the inner end of the tapered portion of the lid to
bed against the inner surface of the bell-mouthed portion of the neck, and thus
securely seal the joint. The outer surface of the screw a of the neck is covered by
a sheet metal band C, which is shewn on the right-hand side only of the illustration
(Figure 1). This band may be first formed in halves for convenience in placing it
around the screw, and the halves are soldered to one another and also to the neck
of the can above the screw and to the upper part of the body D of the can.
lid is preferably raised in one piece of sheet metal. The neck A may be
conveniently fixed to the body D of the can by first forming a wired edge e around
the top of the body and then turning under such edge a portion of the neck
which is left projecting for such purpose below the thread a thereof, and soldering
the parts together. This portion f is shewn on the left-hand side of the illustration
(Figure 1) before it is turned under the wired edge e, and is shewn on the right
hand side to be turned under such edge.
The

page_text: ;
The ventilator E is formed of a hollow perforated cone g, or other hollow
perforated part, open at its base to the interior of the can and carried by means of
a flange i around its base within a hood which is itself fixed to the bottom d of the
lid. The hood his steadied at the top by soldering the middle of the handle c
thereto, such portion of the handle being preferably flattened down for the purpose;
and the hood is perforated a short distance below the top with air holes k. Holes
are pierced through the flange i. Any milk which splashes up through the cone
or hollow perforated part 9 into the hood h falls back into the can through the
perforations in the flange i, as the check which the cone or hollow perforated part g
presents to the splashing prevents the milk from splashing also through the air-
holes of the hood. Figure 2 is a detached view of the underside of the cone and
hood and Figure 3 is an enlarged section of the lower portion of one side of the
cone and hood, shewing more clearly than is shewn by Figure 1 the means,
immediately described, of connection between them. In order that the cone g may
be readily removed for cleansing, the flange is formed with notches a' a' in the
edge at opposite points in the periphery thereof, and the hood has an internal rim
and two studs de projecting from the inner face thereof a sufficient distance only
below the rim to allow of the passage of the flange i between the rim and studs.
The cone is placed in position by first holding it with the notches opposite the
studs, then pushing it up against the rim and finally turning it to bring the flange
over the studs. The cone has a bar d' soldered thereto to answer the purpose of
a handle, and has a stud e¹ soldered thereto near to one of the notches so as to
form a stop against one of the studs e¹ and thereby prevent the cone being turned
too far in either fixing or unfixing it, and to answer also the, purpose of a gauge
which enables the operator to turn the cone without possibility of mistake either
into the position in which it becomes most securely fixed or into the position in
which it may be drawn clear of the studs cc'. The apex of the cone may be cut
off as shewn to leave an opening of small diameter through which the cleansing
brush may be passed and to avoid the inconvenience of having a hollow sharp-
pointed end.
The bottom F of the can is preferably raised in one piece of sheet metal, and is
formed with its upper part tapered to the taper of the can body so as to fit
therein, and with a lower portion m of enlarged diameter which may be inclined to
the same degree as the upper portion; and a ledge or set off n is formed between
the top of the lower portion m and the bottom of the upper portion 1, on which the
bottom of the body D beds. The bottom F is formed also originally with an
outward flange o around the lower edge. This flange is shewn on the left-hand side of
the illustration (Figure 1). The body is riveted to the bottom by rivets p which pass
through the side thereof and through the side of the portion of the bottom, the
inner ends of the rivets being thus below the effective bottom of the can The
body is also soldered to the bottom. A steel band G with a wired lower edge q is
placed around the exterior of the base F and of the lower end of the body D, and
is soldered to the body, and the flange o of the base is turned up over the wired
edge of the band G as shewn on the right-hand side of the illustration (Figure 1)
and is then soldered. The outer ends of the rivets are concealed by the band G.
The foot and the means by which it is connected to the body add greatly to the
strength and durability of the can.
In lieu of a number of indices permanently fixed inside the can to shew the
quantity of milk, therein at any time, a strip of enamelled or tinned metal r, marked
as required, is slid into place within guides s s. This index or gauge is formed
with a projection t at its upper end by which it may be drawn out for cleansing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is
1. A milk can or churn having the sheet metal lid thereof formed with a screw
or worm by pressing the substance of the sheet metal into a spiral shape of which

page_text: the convolutions or corrugations represent the thread or successive turns of the
screw, and having the neck formed with a screw or worm in a similar manner to
receive the screw or worm of the lid, substantially as described.
2. A milk can or churn having the sheet metal lid thereof formed with a dish
shaped or bell-mouthed upper portion to fit fairly within the bell-mouth of the
neck and with a portion extending downwards therefrom of which the circular
wall thereof is formed into a screw or worm by pressing the substance of the
sheet metal of which it is composed into a spiral shape of which the convolutions
or corrugations represent the thread or successive turns of the screw, and having
a neck formed with an upper bell-mouthed portion and with a lower portion formed
with a screw or worm, in the manner in which the screw or worm of the portion /
of the lid is formed, to receive such screw or worm of the lid, substantially as
described and shewn by the drawings herewith.
3. A ventilator for a milk can or churn formed with a hollow perforated part
open at its base to the interior of the can and surrounded by a hood provided with
suitable air holes, and with drainage holes formed to allow any milk splashed up
into the space between the said.hollow perforated part and the hood to drain back
into the can, substantially as described."
4. A ventilator for a milk can or churn formed of a perforated cone g open at
its base and carried by means of a flange i within a hood having air holes
around its upper end, openings being formed through the flange
to allow any
milk splashed up through the perforations in the cone g to drain back into the can,
substantially as described and shewn by the drawings herewith.
5. A milk can or churn having a sheet metal base formed with an upper portion
to fit within the bottom of the body and a lower portion of enlarged diameter on
which the bottom of the body beds, said body being riveted to the upper portion
of the base by rivets passing through the sides of the body and through the sides
of the base, substantially as described.
6. A milk can or churn having a sheet metal base formed with a portion to fit
within the bottom of the body, said body being riveted to the base by rivets passing
through the sides of the body and through the sides of the base, and the joint
between the body and base being concealed and strengthened by a metal band
therearound having a wired lower edge around which a flange of the base is turned
over, substantially as described.
7. A milk can or churn having a sheet metal base formed with an upper portion
to fit within the bottom of the body and a lower portion of enlarged diameter on
which the bottom of the body beds, said body being riveted to the upper portion
of the base by rivets passing through the sides of the body and through the sides
of the base, and the joint between the body and base being concealed and
strengthened by a metal band therearound having a wired lower edge around which
a flange of the base is turned over, the upper edge of the band being soldered to
the body, substantially as described and shewn by the drawings herewith.
Dated this 6th day of September 1893.
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Wolverhampton, Agent for the Applicants.