AN IMPROVED INSTRUMENT FOR DRAWING TEETH
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Eugène d'Estanque, of the City of Mont-de-Marsan,
Department of the Landes, in the Empire of France, Surgeon Dentist,
Sealed the 13th May 1862, and dated the 16th November 1861..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Eugène d'Estanque at the'
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th
November 1861.
I, EUGÈNE D'ESTANQUE, of the City of Mont-de-Marsan, Department of the
Landes, in the Empire of France, Surgeon Dentist, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED INSTRUMENT FOR DRAWING
TEETH," to be as follows:-
My instrument requires no fulcrum within the mouth, thus attaining an end
long desired. It is composed of a spring which gives the requisite pressure
on a key and fixes it to a handle, to which is fitted a rod with pinion which
works in a rack; a branch with curvature on one of its sides also forms part
of the instrument. The rack is furnished with a moveable key. The pinion
gears into the rack, and by a rotary motion advances or draws back the move-
able key, according to the motion given to the handle. The key draws the
tooth and causes it to slide in the branch above mentioned. To extract the
large molar teeth I adapt a moveable curved rack to the instrument and
the key becomes immoveable when fitted into the curve of this rack.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Eugène d'Estanque in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
13th May 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EUGÈNE
D'ESTANQUE, of the City of Mont-de-Marsan, Department of the Landes, in
the Empire of France, Surgeon Dentist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Eugène d'Estanque, Her special licence that I, the said Eugène
d'Estanque, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Eugène d'Estanque, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN
IMPROVED INSTRUMENT FOR DRAWING TEETH," upon the condition (amongst
others), that I, the said Eugène d'Estanque, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,.
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Eugène d'Estanque, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings bereunto annexed and
forming part of this my Specification, and to the figures and letters of reference
marked thereon :-
Figure 1 representing a tooth seized by my instrument; Figure 2, the same
half extracted; and Figure 3, the same completely extracted; Figure 4, a
spring which gives the requisite pressure to the key or nipper and fixes it;
Figure 5, handle, to which is adjusted a stem or shaft with pinion at its extre-
mity; Figure 6, section shewing, in the centre, the pinion which works the
rack; Figure 7, branch with hooked or curved end, the opposite end fitting at
A, Figure 2; Figure 8, rack with moveable key or nipper. The pinion takes
into the teeth of this rack, and by rotating advances or retires the moveable

page_text: key or nipper, according to the impulsion given to the handle (A, B, Figure 2,
and section Figure 1); Figure 9, moveable key or nipper which fits on to the
rack, Figure 8; Figure 10, large molar seized by the instrument; Figure 11,
rack with moveable curved piece. This rack is specially intended for the
extraction of large molars. Figure 13, key or hook, which becomes immove-
able when fitted to the curve of the rack, Figure 11; Figure 12, branch with
curved end, one extremity of this branch fits at E, Figure 10, and the curved
end receives the tooth which the key (Figure 13) draws. In this branch is a
groove in which enters a tenon fitted to the moveable curved branch of the
rack, Figure 11. This tenon prevents any deviation of the curved branch.
Figure 14, my improved instrument withdrawing a canine; Figure 15, end of
same, with the bits, set for the extraction of a root or fang; Figure 16, the
same, with eccentric-bits, left side, for large molars; Figure 17, same, right
side, shewn closed; Figure 18, two straight bits dismounted..
A, handle carrying the pinion which tooths into a rack which draws with it
the moveable stem while producing an upward motion; B, spring, which gives
a moderate resistance; C, handle or shaft of the instrument, which serves as
a:fulerum in the hand of the operator; D, nut, which is unscrewed to take
the instrument to pieces; E, screw, which serves to dismount the spring. By
this instrument the extraction may be effected instantaneously or gradually,
but always without any danger.
Figure 19 shews a modification of my instrument by which the operator may
extract teeth with great facility, using one hand only.
No. 1, main branch, to which is fitted the lower bit; No. 2, branch which
penetrates into the interior of the main branch, it is held at the point No. 3
by a screw which leaves it free to play. A rod is added to the elbow of the
branch No. 2 at the point No. 4. This moveable rod traverses the interior of
the main branch and fits on to the upper bit or nipper; this bit is drawn by the
rod when the two branches or handles D, D, are brought together, which is
done by the simple pressure of the hand. This rod further possesses, at the
point and on the two opposite faces, two small tenons which slide in a slot
in the main branch; No. 5, spring which keeps the instrument open. To
this instrument, as to the first-mentioned, may be adapted different bits or
nippers, as shewn Figures 20, 21, and 22.
The principle of my Invention, whether for one or other of the above-
described tooth-extracting instruments, is always the same, namely, a leverage
the fulcrum of which is in the hand of the operator and outside the mouth.
power that
This fulcrum gives to the tooth-drawing instrument all the
required for the several operations of tooth-drawing all at once by a motion
may
be

page_text: that the operator may govern at will. The tooth, being seized between the two
bits or nippers, slides along the lower bit by the attraction of the upper one,
which is moveable backwards and in an upward direction. This bit or nipper
may be drawn backward in several ways, by a rack, a rod, a spring, in fact,
by any means which will give a resisting power. In conclusion, I desire it to
be distinctly understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details
herein given and illustrated in the annexed Sheet of Drawing, but that my
Invention is entirely based upon the mobility of the upper bit, hook, key or
nipper, which seizes the tooth and extracts it by sliding it along the lower bit
or nipper. Thus my tooth-drawing instrument, without any fulcrum on the
adjoining teeth or on the guns, will prove an efficient substitute for the series
of keys and other tooth-drawing instruments hitherto used.
In witness whereof, I, the said Eugène d'Estanque, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
EUGENE D'ESTANQUE. (L.S.)