Year: 1886

page_text: is Specification was, upon the 14th day of November 1888, amended under
Sections 18 to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883.
shown in elevation.
Figure, 2, is a horizontal section of the same, taken on the line, -», figure, 1.
Figures, 3, and, 4, are perspective views of the central & outer pans, respectively.
Figures, 5, &, 6, are plan views, as seen from the underside of the distributing and
gathering pipes, respectively.
Figure, 7 is a view of the valve-casing and valve, the former in section and the
latter in elevation.
Figure, 8, is a front elevation of the inlet and outlet pipes and the by-pass.
My invention relates to certain new and valuable improvements in carburetors and
gas-generators; and it has for its objects to provide for a thorough distribution of the
oil, by means of an improved system of distributing-pans; to provide for an even
distribution of the air or gas to be carburetted to the packing in the tank, by means of
a coiled perforated distributing-pipe; to provide many exits for the gas, by means of
a coiled perforated gathering-pipe, whereby the gas is taken up from ail parts of the
condensation chamber to provide a condensation-chamber within the tank, whereby
the gas, before it leaves the machine, is deprived of any excess of carbon which it may
have taken up, thus avoiding two very grave defects inherent in carburetors and gas-
generators, as heretofore constructed-first condensation of the gas in the service-
pipes, and, secondly, smoke at the burners; to enable the attendant to readily ascer-
tain the quantity of oil in the reservoir, by the combination with the reservoir of a
water sealed gauge; to provide mechanism for accurately governing the flow of oil
from the reservoir to the tank, by the combination, with the reservoir and a pipe leading
therefrom to the tank, of an elastic valve and finally, to provide a series of clearance-
:

page_text: pipes, for readily, cleansing the pans and the tank of residuum & other deleterious
substances.
Referring to the accompanying drawings:-
A, represents a tank, made of copper or other suitable metal. This tank, as well as
the distributing-pans, herein after described, is packed with a suitable absorbent
material as short cut coarse excelsior free from dust.
On top of tank, A, is mounted a reservoir, B, of the same superficial area as the
tank, fer containing hydrocarbon or other suitable oil. The bottom of the reservoir
is made heavier than its other paris, so as not to yield under the weight of oil. Oil is
let into the reservoir through one of two stop-cocks; , on top, the other cock serving
as a vent for the gas, which may be conducted back into the barrel by a hose inserted
in the bung.
B1, represents a hood, provided with a screw-cap, , on top of the reservoir. This
bood covers the upper end of the casing for the clearance pipes, and also a space for
the free working of the upper portion of the valve-operating mechanism. On top of
the reservoir is a chamber, C, to be filled with water for sealing the stop-cocks, b, and
also the hood, in order to prevent the escape of gas, the chamber being provided with
a hinged lid, c. D, represents a fluid-gauge, (see figure, 1.) located in a concave water-
tight chamber, D³, in the side of the reservoir. The gauge is a glass tube, the ends of
which are inserted in screw-threaded metal connections, d, after the manner of an
ordinary steam-boiler gauge, the stems of these connections being screwed through the
back wall, d, of the chamber.
A glass plate, d², secured in brackets, d³, forms the front wall of the chamber, and a
metal door, d, covers the glass plate. d, is an inlet-cock, through which to fill the
gauge-chamber with water, so as to prevent the escape at the joints of vapor arising
from the oil in the reservoir. By means of this water-sealed gauge I am enabled at
any time to ascertain the quantity of oil in the reservoir by simply opening the door, d
When it is desired to empty the gange-chamber, the water can be siphoned off through
the inlet-cock. In cold weather it would be better, perhaps to fill the chamber with
some non-freezing liquid, as alcohol.
as other
I do not limit myself to the precise construction of gauge above described,
forms of gauges will readily suggest themselves to the mechanic, the gist of my
invention residing in water-sealing the gauge.
E, represents a tube about two inches in diameter, extending centrally from the top
of the reservoir, (to which it is firmly secured by solder or otherwise) to near the
bottom of the tank, its lower end being screw-threaded for the reception of a nut, e, to
which are secured legs, e', serving as a bottom support for the tube, as shown in
fig. 1.
F, represents the float-rod tube, about one-half inch in diameter, located within
tube, D, and held in position in the manner presently described.
G, represents the clearance-pipes, for clearing the pans and the tank of residuum &
other deleterious substances with may collect therein. These pipes (one for each pan
and another for the tank) are about one-fourth of an inch in diameter, and are
arranged around the float rod tube as seen in fig. 2, and firmly soldered thereto and to
the outer tube or casing, E. Their upper ends extend a short distance above the top
of casing, E, each being screw-threaded for the attachment of a suction-pump when
necessary, or a cap, as, g. Their lower ends, which are covered with wire-gauze, pass
out through openings in casing, E, and communicate, respectively, with the interior of
each pan and the bottom portion of the tank, as seen in full and dotted lines, in
figure, 1.
H, represents an air-tight copper float, surrounded by a wire screen, h. To the float
is connected one end of a rod, ', passing up through tube, F, the other end of said
rod being connected to one end of a lever, ², pivoted in a standard, h³, rising from the
top of the reservoir. To the other end of lever, 2, there is pivoted one end of a jointed.
rod, i, the lower end of which is attached to a valve-stem, I, which works within a
cylindrical casing, J, (see figs. 1, &, 7,) having inlet-openings, j, above its base, a
conical valve-seat, j, in its base, and a screw-threaded projection, ², below its base for

page_text: engagement with feed-pipe, J, whose upper end passes through the bottom of the
reservoir, its lower end, which is screened, communicating with the interior of the
upper pan. The upper end of the valve-stem is screw threaded interiorly for the
attachment of the jointed rod, i, and its lower portion is cored out for the reception of
the valve.
K, represents the valve, which is made of cork. Its upper portion is of a size to fit
tightly within the stem, and its lower portion is enlarged to form an annular shoulder, k,
for taking against the lower end of the stem. A short distance below shoulder, k, the
valve is reduced to a conical shape, as at, k¹, to form the valve-face. In shaping the
valve face to accurately fit its seat. I heat the casing to a high degree, press the valve
down tightly into its seat and turn it around therein until the face has become perfectly
smooth by which time it will also have been charred or carbonized to a considerable
depth, as seen at, k².
.
While the valve is thus made to fit its sent with precision, and the closing of its
pores effected, thereby rendering it impervious to liquid or vapour, it still retains its
elasticity, so that should any small particle of inpurity such as gum, lodge in the valve-
seat, the perfect working of the valve will not be thereby impaired. This would not
be the case were the valve of metal, glass, or other like solid material. Neither would
a rubber valve answer, because of the effect the liquid would have upon it,that is to
say, a liquid like gasoline would dissolve it.
L, represents the set or series of central pans. The diameter of these pans is about
three fourths that of the diameter of the interior of the tank of the carburetor, their
depth being preferably about two inches. They are perforated centrally, as at, 4, the
perforations being of a size to permit the pans to be slid down on the tube or casing, E,
to which they are firmly soldered and by, which they are centrally supported. M,
represents the set or series of outer pans, which are of the full interior diameter of the
tank, and of about the same depth as pans, L. They, however, have each a central
opening, m, in the bottom, of about one-third the diameter of the pan, which opening
is surrounded by a wall, m, about one inch in height. These pans, also, are to be
passed down over tube, E, but they are secured to the inner side of the tank.
While I have chosen to illustrate round pans, applicable to a carburetor having a
round tank, it is evident that if the tank is square the pans may be made of a corre-
sponding shape without departing in the least from the scope of my invention. Both
sets of pans are given additional support by braces, 1. m² extending respectively from
casing, E, and the inner side of the tank, as seen in figure, 1. The arrangement of the
pans within the tank is clearly shown in figure, 1, wherein it will be seen that the first
one, reckoning from the top, is a central pan, the next an outer pan, and so on, it
being understood that any desired number of pans may be employed.
To prevent the oil from following the bottoms of the pans by capillary attraction, &
thus falling outside the pan beneath I provide each pan with a drip-wire, w, as shown
in figure, 1. In order that the packing may be held in position, I surround the upper
pan with a strip of wire-gauze, l, wide enough to extend to the perforated plate
(hereinafter described) under the reservoir, & I likewise surround the wall, m', of the
next pan below with a strip of the same material wide enough to reach to the bottom
of the upper pan. The next or third pan, is also provided with a screen reaching to
the bottom of the second pan, and so on, the same reference-letter being used to
designate all these screens.
O, represents the distributing-pipe, located immediately beneath the lower pan &
supported in position by braces, o, extending to the sides of the tank. The pipe is
made of one piece of tubing of any suitable metal, and coiled in the manner shown in
figure, 5. The bottom of the pipe is perforated, the perforations increasing in size or
number toward the inner closed end of the coil, so as to equalize as nearly as possible,
the distribution of the air or gas, it being understood that the pressure in the pipe
gradually decreases from the inlet inward as the air or gas reaches each successive
perforation. The perforations being in the bottom of the pipe insures a free escape of
all precipitation.

page_text: P, represents the gathering-pipe, firmly soldered to the under side of the tank. It
is made substantially like the distributing-pipe; but the perforations in its bottom,
instead of varying in size or number, as in the distributing pipe, are all of one size &
evenly disposed throughout the length of the coil. Q, represents a perforated plate of
copper or other suitable material, secured to the inner side of the tank and to casing, E,
a. short distance below the gathering pipe, which plate serves incidentally to confine
the packing in the tank, its prime purpose being, however, to form the lower wall of a
condensation chamber, R, the other walls of this chamber being formed by the tank
itself and the bottom of the reservoir, as seen in figure, 1.
S, represents the inlet-pipe. extending down along the outside of the tank to near its
bottom, where it joins onto the distributing-pipe, the outer end of the latter extending
through the side of the tank to make this connection. T, represents the outlet-pipe,
which is connected to the outer end of the gathering-pipe, the latter, like the distributing
pipe extending through the side of the tank for a like purpose.
U, Figure, S, represents a by-pass, a short pipe connecting the inlet and outlet pipes.
Each of the pipes. S. T, U, is provided with a stop-cock, as 1, 2, 3.
Having now described the construction of my machine, I will proceed to explain its
operation.
The reservoir being filled with hydrocarbon oil, the oil will flow through the inlet-
openings, in the valve-casing, and thence into the feed-pipe, J1, by which it will be
conveyed to the upper pan. When the oil reaches the top of this pan it will overflow
evenly all around into the packing beneath, being in this instance conveyed away
from the centre of the tank. When the packing beneath the upper pan has become
saturated to such an extent that it will hold no more oil, the surplus will be caught by
the next pan.
When this pan has been filled to overflowing, the oil will pass over
wall, m, thus flowing toward the centre of the tank. Next, the third pan will fill and
overflow in a outward direction, as in the first instance, and so on, the oil being thus
imade to take a zig zag course in its descent from pan to pan until finally it reaches the
bottom of the tank.
By this system of distribution the packing in the pans & tank becomes thoroughly
and uniformly saturated. When a sufficient quantity of oil has accumulated in the
bottom of the tank to raise the float. the valve will automatically cut off the supply
until there has been sufficient evaporation of the oil to allow the float to descend, when
the valve will again open and admit a fresh supply. As the machine feeds from the
bottom of the reservoir, the heavier portions of the oil, which always gravitate to the
bottom, are carried off into the tank, thus leaving no residuum or non-evaporating
substance in the reservoir.
The air or gas to be carbureted is admitted under pressure through inlet-pipe, S, to
the distributing-pipe, 0, and is forced therefrom, through the perforations, into the
interior of the tank; and, owing to the fact that these perforations at points distant
from the entrance end of the pipe are larger or more numerous than those in that
vicinity, where the pressure is greater, a comparatively even distribution of the air or
gas is obtained.
On leaving the distributing pipe the air or gas permeates the
saturated packing in the bottom portion of the tank, and then, rising, moves inwardly
to the walled opening in the lower pan, through which opening it passes, and then
spreads outwardly and passes around the next pan then it again moves to the centre,
and passes through the third pan, and so on, always taking a course exactly opposito
to that taken by the oil in its descent; consequently, the air or gas is. compelled to
pass through the entire volume of moving oil, and also through the saturated packing,
whereby it becomes thoroughly carbureted.
Owing to the rapid evaporation of the oil, the gas reaches the condensation-chamber
and the gathering-pipe. through the perforated plate, Q, in an extremely cold condi-
tion; but by reason of the solid body of oil in the reservoir above, and the mass of
saturated packing below, the temperature in the chamber is equalized, whereby the
gas is prevented from freezing. The temperature of the chamber being below that in
which supersaturation of the gas can exist, all excess of carbon is removed.

page_text: As the gas expands on reaching the outlet & service pipes, no further condensation
can take place until it reaches a point so cold as to contract it beyond the degree to
which it was condensed in the chamber.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is. In
a carburetor and gas generator such as herein described :-
1. Inn-carburetor-and-gas-generator, The combination with the tank and a vertical
tube in the centre of the tank, of two sets of pans of unequal size, the pans of one
set being of the full diameter of the tank, to which they are secured, and having a
walled opening in the bottom the pans of the other set being smaller, and secured to
the central vertical tube above the pans of the first-mentioned set, substantially as
described.
2. The combination with the tank and an inlet-pipe, of a coiled distributing pipe,
perforated at the bottom, the perforations increasing in size or number toward the
centre, substantially as described, and for the purpose stated.
3. The combination with the tank, provided with a condensation-chamber, of a
gathering-pipe located in said chamber, substantially as described.
4. The combination with the tank, provided with a condensation chamber of a
coiled perforated gathering-pipe located in said chamber, substantially as described.
5. The combination with the tank, a series of distributing pans within the tank, and
a reservoir located on top of the tank, of a series of clearance-pipes, their upper
ends extending above the top of the reservoir, and their lower ends communicating
one with the lower portion of the tank and the other with the pans, substantially as
described & for the purpose set forth.
6. The combination with the tank, a series of distributing pans within the tank, and
a reservoir located on top of the tank, of a float-rod tube in the centre of the tank and
reservoir, a series of clearance pipes arranged around said tube and a tube or casing
around the said pipes, the casing having openings for the passage of the lower ends of
the clearance-pipes, substantially as described.
In a carburetor, the combination with the oil reservoir, of a water-sealed-gange,
for the purpose-set forth.
8. In a carburetor, the combination with the oil reservoirs of a water sealed gange
located in a chamber in the side thereof, said chamber having a glass front, and
provided-with-a-filling and emptying cock, substantially as described.
0. In a carburetor, 7 The combination with the reservoir of a valve casing having
a valve-seat formed within it, & a valve made of cork & having a charred or carbonized
face, for the purpose set forth.
10. In a carburetor. S The combination with the reservoir of a valve casing having
a conical valve-seat formed within it, and a reciprocating cork valve having a conical
charred or carbonized face, substantially as described.
11. In a carburetor, 9 The combination with the reservoir of a cylindrical casing,
having inlet-openings above its base a valve-seat in its base, and a threaded stem
below its base for attachment of the casing to the reservoir, a cylindrical stem adapted
to reciprocate within the casing and a cork valve carried by said stem, the face of
the valve being charred or carbonized and of a shape to accurately fit its seat,
substantially as described.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents.

page_text: States of America, gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
Figure, 1, is a vertical central section of my machine, certain parts, however being
shown in elevation.
Figure, 2, is a horizontal section of the same, taken on the line, x-x, figure, 1.
Figures, 3, and, 4, are perspective views of the central & outer pans, respectively.
Figures, 5, &, 6, are plan views, as seen from the underside of the distributing and
gathering pipes, respectively.
Figure, 7 is a view of the valve-casing and valve, the former in section and the
latter in elevation.
Figure, 8, is a front elevation of the inlet and outlet pipes and the by-pass.
My invention relates to certain new and valuable improvements in carburetors and
gus-generators; and it has for its objects to provide for a thorough distribution of the
oil, by means of an improved system of distributing-pans; to provide for an even
distribution of the air or gas to be carburetted to the packing in the tank, by means of
a coiled perforated distributing-pipe; to provide many exits for the gas, by means of
a coiled perforated gathering-pipe, whereby the gas is taken up from all parts of the
condensation chamber; to provide a condensation-chamber within the tank, whereby
the gas, before it leaves the machine, is deprived of any excess of carbon which it may
have taken up, thus avoiding two very grave defects inherent in carburetors and gas-
generators, as heretofore constructed-first condensation of the gas in the service-
pipes, and, secondly, smoke at the burners; to enable the attendant to readily ascer-
tain the quantity of oil in the reservoir, by the combination with the reservoir of a
water sealed gauge; to provide mechanism for accurately governing the flow of oil
from the reservoir to the tank, by the combination, with the reservoir and a pipe leading
therefrom to the tank, of an elastic valve; and finally, to provide a series of clearance-
125

page_text: pipes, for readily cleansing the pans and the tank of residuum & other deleterious
substances.
Referring to the accompanying drawings
A, represents a tank, made of copper or other suitable metal. This tank, as well as
the distributing-pans, herein after described, is packed with a suitable absorbent
material as short cut coarse excelsior free from dust.
On top of tank, A, is mounted a reservoir, B, of the same superficial area as the
tank, for containing hydrocarbon or other suitable oil. The bottom of the reservoir
is made heavier than its other parts, so as not to yield under the weight of oil. Oil is
let into the reservoir through one of two stop-cocks, b, on top, the other cock serving
as a vont for the gas, which may be conducted back into the barrel by a hose inserted
in the bung.
B, represents a hood, provided with a screw-cap, b1, on top of the reservoir. This
hood covers the upper end of the casing for the clearance pipes, and also a space for
the free working of the upper portion of the valve-operating mechanism. On top of
the reservoir is a chamber, C, to be filled with water for sealing the stop-cocks,, and
also the hood, in order to provent the escape of gas, the chamber being provided with
al hinged lid, c. D, represents a fluid-gauge, (see figure, 1,) located in a concave water-
tight chamber, D', in the side of the reservoir. The gauge is a glass tube, the ends of
which are inserted in screw-threaded metal connections, d, after the manner of an
ordinary steam-boiler gauge, the stems of these connections being screwed through the
back wall, d, of the chamber.
A glass plate, d², secured in brackets, d³, forms the front wall of the chamber, and a
inetal door, d, covers the glass plate. do, is an inlet-cock, through which to fill the
gauge-chamber with water, so as to prevent the escape at the joints of vapor arising
from the oil in the reservoir. By means of this water-sealed gauge I am enabled at
any time to ascertain the quantity of oil in the reservoir by simply opening the door, .
When it is desired to empty the gauge-chamber, the water can be siphoned off through
the inlet-cock. In cold weather it would be better, perhaps to fill the chamber with
some non-freezing liquid, as alcohol.
I do not limit myself to the precise construction of gauge above described, as other
forms of gauges will readily suggest themselves to the mechanic, the gist of my
invention residing in water-sealing the
gauge.
E, represents a tube about two inches in diameter, extending centrally from the top
of the reservoir, (to which it is firmly secured by solder or otherwise) to near the
bottom of the tank, its lower end being screw-threaded for the reception of a nut, e, to
which are secured legs, e¹, serving as a bottom support for the tube, as shown in
fig. 1.
F, represents the float-rod tube, about one-half inch in diameter, located within
tube, D, and held in position in the manner presently described.
G, represents the clearance-pipes, for clearing the pans and the tank of residuum &
other deleterious substances which may collect therein. These pipes (one for each pan
and another for the tank) are about one-fourth of an inch in diameter, and are
arranged around the float rod tube as seen in fig. 2, and firmly soldered thereto and to
the outer tube or casing, E. Their upper ends extend a short distance above the top
of casing, E, each being screw-threaded for the attachment of a suction-pump when
necessary, or a cap, as, g. Their lower ends, which are covered with wire-gauze, pass
out through openings in casing, E, and communicate, respectively, with the interior of
each pan and the bottom portion of the tank, as seen in full and dotted lines, in
figure, 1.
H, represents an air-tight copper float, surrounded by a wire screen, h. To the float
is connected one end of a rod, ², passing up through tube, F, the other end of said
rod being connected to one end of a lever, h³, pivoted in a standard, h, rising from the
top of the reservoir. To the other end of lever, h³, there is pivoted one end of a jointed
rod, i, the lower end of which is attached to a valve-stem, I, which works within a
cylindrical casing, J, (see figs. 1, &, 7,) having inlet-openings, j, above its base, a
conical valve-seat,, in its base, and a screw-threaded projection,, below its base for

page_text: engagement with feed-pipe, J', whose upper end passes through the bottom of the
reservoir, its lower end, which is screened, communicating with the interior of the
upper pan. The upper end of the valve-stem is screw threaded interiorly for the
attachment of the jointed rod, i, and its lower portion is cored out for the reception of
the valve.
K, represents the valve, which is made of cork. Its upper portion is of a size to fit
tightly within the stem, and its lower portion is enlarged to form an annular shoulder, k,
for taking against the lower end of the stem. A short distance below shoulder, k, the
valve is reduced to a conical shape, as at, k', to form the valve-face. In shaping the
valve face to accurately fit its seat, I heat the casing to a high degree, press the valve
down tightly into its seat and turn it around therein until the face has become perfectly
smooth by which time it will also have been charred or carbonized to a considerable
depth, as seen at, ².
While the valve is thus made to fit its seat with precision, and the closing of its
pores effected, thereby rendering it impervious to liquid or vapor, it still retains its
elasticity, so that should any small particle of impurity such as gum, lodge in the valve-
seat, the perfect working of the valve will not be thereby impaired. This would not
be the case wore the valve of metal, glass, or other like solid material. Neither would
a rubber valve answer, because of the effect the liquid would have upon it, that is to
say, a liquid like gasoline would dissolve it.
L, represents the set or series of central pans. The diameter of these pans is about
three fourths that of the diameter of the interior of the tank of the carburetor, their
depth being preferably about two inches. They are perforated centrally, as at, l, the
perforations being of a size to permit the pans to be slid down on the tube or casing, E,
to which they are firmly soldered and by which they are centrally supported. M,
represents the set or series of outer pans, which are of the full interior diameter of the
tank, and of about the same depth as pans, L. They, however, have each a central
opening, m, in the bottom, of about one-third the diameter of the pan, which opening
is surrounded by a wall, m³, about one inch in height. These pans, also, are to bo
passed down over tube, E, but they are secured to the inner side of the tank.
While I have chosen to illustrate round pans, applicable to a carburetor having a
round tank, it is evident that if the tank is square the pans may be made of a corre-
sponding shape without departing in the least from the scope of my invention. Both
sets of pans are given additional support by braces, l², m² extending respectively from
casing, E, and the inner side of the tank, as seen in figure, 1. The arrangement of the
pans within the tank is clearly shown in figure, 1, wherein it will be seen that the first
one, reckoning from the top, is a central pan, the next an outer pan, and so on, it
being understood that any desired number of pans may be employed.
To prevent the oil from following the bottoms of the pans by capillary attraction, &
thus falling outside the pan beneath I provide each pan with a drip-wire, w, as shown
in figure, 1. In order that the packing may be held in position, I surround the upper
pan with a strip of wire-gauze, l, wide enough to extend to the perforated plate
(hereinafter described) under the reservoir, & I likewise surround the wall, m³, of the
next pan below with a strip of the same material wide enough to reach to the bottom
of the upper pan.
The next or third pan, is also provided with a screen reaching to
the bottom of the second pan, and so on, the same reference-letter being used to
designate all these screens.
O, represents the distributing-pipe, located immediately beneath the lower pan &
supported in position by braces, o, extending to the sides of the tank. The pipe is
made of one piece of tubing of any suitable metal, and coiled in the manner shown in
figure, 5. The bottom of the pipe is perforated, the perforations increasing in size or
number toward the inner closed end of the coil, so as to equalize as nearly as possible,
the distribution of the air or gas, it being understood that the pressure in the pipe
gradually decreases from the inlet inward as the air or gas reaches each successive
perforation. The perforations being in the bottom of the pipe insures a free escape of
all precipitation.

page_text: P, represents the gathering-pipe, firmly soldered to the under side of the tank. It
is made substantially like the distributing-pipe; but the perforations in its bottom,
instead of varying in size or number, as in the distributing pipe, are all of one size &
evenly disposed throughout the length of the coil. Q, represents a perforated plate of
copper or other suitable material, secured to the inner side of the tank and to casing, E,
a short distance below the gathering pipe, which plate serves incidentally to confine
the packing in the tank, its prime purpose being, however, to form the lower wall of a
condensation chamber, R, the other walls of this chamber being formed by the tank
itself and the bottom of the reservoir, as seen in figure, 1.
S, represents the inlet-pipe, extending down along the outside of the tank to near its
bottom, where it joins onto the distributing-pipe, the outer end of the latter extending
through the side of the tank to make this connection. T, represents the outlet-pipe,
which is connected to the outer end of the gathering-pipe, the latter, like the distributing
pipe extending through the side of the tank for a like purpose.
U, figure, 8, represents a by-pass, a short pipe connecting the inlet and outlet pipes.
Each of the pipes, S, T, U, is provided with a stop-cock, as 1, 2, 3.
Having now described the construction of my machine, I will proceed to explain its
operation.
The reservoir being filled with hydrocarbon oil, the oil will flow through the inlet-
openings, j, in the valve-casing, and thence into the feed-pipe, J', by which it will be
conveyed to the upper pan. When the oil reaches the top of this pan it will overflow
evenly all around into the packing beneath, being in this instance conveyed away
from the centre of the tank. When the packing beneath the upper pan has become
saturated to such an extent that it will hold no more oil, the surplus will be caught by
the next pan. When this pan has been filled to overflowing, the oil will pass over
wall, m, thus flowing toward the centre of the tank. Next, the third pan will fill and
overflow in an outward direction, as in the first instance, and so on, the oil being thus
made to take a zig zag course in its descent from pan to pan until finally it reaches the
bottom of the tank.
By this system of distribution the packing in the pans & tank becomes thoroughly
and uniformly saturated. When a sufficient quantity of oil has accumulated in the
bottom of the tank to raise the float, the valve will automatically cut off the supply
until there has been sufficient evaporation of the oil to allow the float to descend, when
the valve will again open and admit a fresh supply. As the machine feeds from the
bottom of the reservoir, the heavier portions of the oil, which always gravitate to the
bottom, are carried off into the tank, thus leaving no residuum or non-evaporating
substance in the reservoir.
The air or gas to be carbureted is admitted under pressure through inlet-pipe, S, to
the distributing-pipe, O, and is forced therefrom, through the perforations, into the
interior of the tank; and, owing to the fact that these perforations at points distant
from the entrance end of the pipe are larger or more numerous than those in that
vicinity, where the pressure is greater, a comparatively even distribution of the air or
gas is obtained. On leaving the distributing pipe the air or gas permeates the
saturated packing in the bottom portion of the tank, and then, rising, moves inwardly
to the walled opening in the lower pan, through which opening it passes, and then
spreads outwardly and passes around the next pan; then it again moves to the centre,
and passes through the third pan, and so on, always taking a course exactly opposite
to that taken by the oil in its descent; consequently, the air or gas is compelled to
pass through the entire volume of moving oil, and also through the saturated packing,
whereby it becomes thoroughly carbureted.
Owing to the rapid evaporation of the oil, the gas reaches the condensation-chamber
and the gathering-pipe, through the perforated plate, Q, in an extremely cold condi-
tion; but by reason of the solid body of oil in the reservoir above, and the mass of
saturated packing below, the temperature in the chamber is equalized, whereby the
gas is prevented from freezing. The temperature of the chamber being below that in
which supersaturation of the gas can exist, all excess of carbon is removed.

page_text: As the gas expands on reaching the outlet & service pipes, no further condensation
can take place until it reaches a point so cold as to contract it beyond the degree to
which it was condensed in the chamber.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a carburetor and gas-generator, the combination with the tank and a vertical
tube in the centre of the tank, of two sets of pans of unequal size, the pans of one
set being of the full diameter of the tank, to which they are secured, and having n
walled opening in the bottom the pans of the other set being smaller, and secured to
the central vertical tube above the pans of the first-mentioned set, substantially as
described.
2. The combination with the tank and an inlet-pipe, of a coiled distributing pipe,
perforated in the bottom, the perforations increasing in size or number toward the
centre, substantially as described, and for the purpose stated.
3. The combination with the tank, provided with a condensation chamber, of a
gathering-pipe located in said chamber, substantially as described.
4. The combination with the tank, provided with a condensation-chamber, of a
coiled perforated gathering-pipe located in said chamber, substantially as described.
5. The combination with the tank, a series of distributing pans within the tank, and
a reservoir located on top of the tank, of a series of clearance-pipes, their upper
ends extending above the top of the reservoir, and their lower ends communicating
one with the lower portion of the tank and the other with the pans, substantially as
described & for the purpose set forth.
6. The combination with the tank, a series of distributing pans within the tank, and
a reservoir located on top of the tank, of a float-rod tube in the centre of the tank and
reservoir, a series of clearance pipes arranged around said tube and a tube or casing
around the said pipes, the casing having openings for the passage of the lower ends of
the clearance-pipes, substantially as described.
7. In a carburetor, the combination with the oil reservoir, of a water-sealed gauge,
for the purpose set forth.
8. In a carburetor, the combination with the oil reservoir, of a water-sealed gauge
located in a chamber in the side thereof, said chamber having a glass front, and
provided with a filling and emptying cock, substantially as described.
9. In a carburetor, the combination with the reservoir of a valve casing having a
valve-seat formed within it, & a valve made of cork & having a charred or carbonized
face, for the purpose set forth.
10. In a carburetor, the combination with the reservoir of a valve casing having a
conical valve-seat formed within it, and a reciprocating cork valve having a conical
charred or carbonized face, substantially as described.
11. In a carburetor, the combination with the reservoir of a cylindrical casing,
having inlet-openings above its base a valve-seat in its base, and a threaded stem
below its base for attachment of the casing to the reservoir, a cylindrical stem adapted
to reciprocate within the casing and a cork valve carried by said stem, the face of
the valve being charred or carbonized and of a shape to accurately fit its seat,
substantially as described.