New or Improved Feed Mechanism for Internal Combustion Engines.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
New or Improved Feed Mechanism for Internal Combustion Engines.
We, EDWARD GARDNER, THOMAS HARRY GARDNER, and LAWRENCE GARDNER,
all of Gardner Works, Cornbrook, Manchester, Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of our said invention to be as follows:-
In oil vapour, petroleum and other spirit engines it is an essential condition to
the proper working of the engine that the supply of spirit or oil be capable of
minute regulation, and that the feed be uniformi in the ratio of the speed or power
the engine or motor is designed to maintain. To that end therefore, we have
designed a valve or appliance which enables the foregoing conditions to be complied
with, and which consists essentially of a valve, piston, diaphragm or like device,
fitted within a casing, and with its underside open to a passage leading to the
cylinder of the engine, and which said valve, piston or diaphragm with the alternate
movements of the engine piston, is caused to move downwards, and being connected
with a valve, which covers the delivery opening of the oil or spirit supply pipe,
causes such valve also to be lowered, and allow the oil or spirit to pass into a pipe
or chamber leading to the valve box or vaporiser of the engine. Alternately with
the downward movement of the piston, a spring pushes it up again.
The manner in which the valve or piston is mounted, and the grouping of the
parts, are such that the casing which leads to the cylinder encloses or surrounds.
the tube or passage leading to the valve box, and the nozzle of the supply pipe, and
its valve, lie over, or within, the entrance of such inner passage, which for the
purpose of allowing a proper volume of air being admitted to the valve box,-to
mix with and absorb the spirit,-is flared or mouthed out.
The valve for covering and uncovering the supply nozzle is carried by a thimble-
like device, mounted axially in the throat or entrance of the inner passage afore-
said, and capable of sliding on the nozzle end, with side holes or vents to allow the
oil or spirit to pass.
The said supply nozzle is fitted with a finely screw threaded tapered plug,
designed to screw into, or out of, the nozzle, and so open or close the passage in
the nozzle, which is also tapered for the plug to bed against, and terminates in a
fine pin hole or passage.
Whilst we prefer to group and combine the parts in the manner set forth, we
may, if desired, separate them, and utilise any convenient form of connection for
communicating the movement of the piston to the oil or spirit supply valve, and
whilst we prefer to impart a downward movement of the piston, we may arrange
for the action of the cylinder piston to impart an upward movement, with the
passages arranged to suit.
By our invention the feed can be readily adjusted, and by correct proportioning

page_text: of the tapered plug and nozzle opening, can be regulated to strictly proportionate
quantities to suit the running of the engine.
1007
New or Improved Feed Mechanism for internal combustion Engines.
1
We, EDWARD GARDNER, THOMAS HARRY GARDNER, and LAWRENCE GARDNER,
all of Gardner Works, Cornbrook, Manchester, Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
In oil vapor, petroleum and other spirit engines it is an essential condition to
the proper working of the engine that the supply of spirit or oil be capable of
minute regulation, and that the feed be uniform in the ratio of the speed or power
the engine or motor is designed to maintain. To that end, therefore, we have
designed the appliance hereinafter described, which consists essentially of a valve,
piston, diaphragm or like device, fitted within a casing, and with its underside open
to a passage leading to or from the cylinder of the engine, and which said valve,
piston or diaphragm with the alternate movements of the engine piston, is caused to
move downwards, and being connected with a valve, which covers the delivery
openings of the oil or spirit supply pipe, causes such valve also to be lowered, and
allows the oil or spirit to pass into a pipe or chamber leading to the valve box or
vaporiser of the engine. Alternately with the downward movement of the piston a
spring pushes it up again.
The manner in which the valve or piston is mounted, and the grouping of the
parts, are such that the casing which leads to the cylinder encloses or surrounds
the tube or passage leading to the valve box, and the nozzle of the supply pipe, and
its valve, lie over, or within, the entrance of such inner passage, which for the pur-
pose of allowing a proper volume of air being admitted to the valve box, to mix
with and absorb the spirit, is flared or mouthed out.
And in order that our said invention may be more readily understood and carried
into practical effect, we have hereunto annexed a sheet of drawings and will now
proceed to describe the same with the figures and letters of reference marked
thereon:
Fig. 1 is an exterior view, Figs. 2 and 3 sectional elevations respectively at right
angles (shewing certain of the parts in two positions), and Fig. 4 a sectional plan
of our automatic oil or spirit feed appliance. Fig. 5 illustrates a detail.
(A) is the body or casing of the apparatus, fitted with piston (B) (or diaphragm),
and tube or hollow piston rod (C) working in the inner barrel or cylinder (D).
Carried on, or over, the top of casing (A) is the nozzle for supplying the spirit in
minute quantities, consisting of tail or "bib" (E), and screw-threaded taper
plug (F). This latter is provided with a fine gas thread.
"[
The said "bib" or tail (E) extends into the flared mouth of the piston rod (C)
and is, by preference, fitted with a thimble-like sleeve (G) (see Fig. 5), carried
axially by pin (H) in the piston rod (C). Within the thimble-like sleeve is a small
washer or piece of packing material (I), and in the sides of the sleeve small outlet
orifices (J). The said thimble-like sleeve and its packing are normally held over

page_text: and against the "bib" (E) by a spring (K) acting against collar or flange (C¹) of
the piston tube, and against the neck (2), and therefore serving to control the flow
of the oil or spirit.
The inner cylinder (1) communicates through passage (D') with the valve box or
vaporiser of the engine, and the casing (A) communicates through passage (A')
with the cylinder of the engine, hence when the engine piston makes a stroke the
piston (B) (or diaphragm) is drawn down (see Fig. 3), and in consequence the
thimble-like sleeve (G) is lowered and caused to uncover the opening in the "bib "
(E), and permit the oil or spirit to flow out and escape through the orifices (J),
from whence it falls into the piston tube (C), and by mixing with the air drawn
into the valve box through said tube, becomes absorbed and carried forward
through passage (D') into the engine valve box.
Upon the return stroke of the engine piston, the piston (B) immediately rises
and causes thimble (G) to again close the "bib" (E) ready for the next stroke,
and so on continuously.
For varying the feed or degree of opening for the passage of the oil or spirit
through "bib" (E), the plug (F) is screwed up or down, and, being tapered, the
finest adjustment can be obtained.
Whilst we prefer to group and combine the parts in the manner set forth, we
may, if desired, separate them, and utilise any convenient form of connection for
communicating the movement of the piston to the oil or spirit supply valve, and
whilst we prefer to impart a downward movement of the piston we may arrange
for the action of the cylinder piston to impart an upward movement, with the
passages arranged to suit.
By our invention the feed can be readily adjusted and by correct proportioning
of the tapered plug and nozzle openings can be regulated to strictly proportionate
quantities to suit the running of the engine.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that we
claim is:--
1: For automatically supplying oil or spirit to internal combustion engines at
regular intervals, and in sympathy with the working of the engine, the use of a
piston, diaphragm or like device capable of being moved by the engine piston and
serving to alternately cover and uncover, or control, an oil or spirit supply nozzle,
communicating with the valve box or vaporiser, substantially as set forth.
2: The casing (A) with passages (A') and (¹), inner cylinder (D), in combina-
tion with piston (13), piston tube (C), thimble-like sleeve (C), spring (K), nozzle (E),
and tapered plug (F), all mounted and operating as and for the purposes set forth.
3: The combination of inner and outer cylindrical casings, one leading to the
valve box or vaporiser of an engine and the other to the cylinder of such engine,
as and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 23rd day of November 1897
EDWARD GARDNER.
THOMAS HARRY GARDNER
LAWRENCE GARDNER.
By John G. Wilson & Co.,
Agents, 55, Market Street, Manchester.
EDWARD GARDNER.
THOMAS HARRY GARDNER
LAWRENCE GARDNER.
By John G. Wilson & Co.,
Agents, 55, Market Street, Manchester.