Improvements in and relating to Felt Grinding Machines.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Nov., 1894-Accepted, 8th Dec., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Felt Grinding Machines.
I, WILHELM BÜTTNER, of 24 Ryke Strasse, Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia, German
Empire, Work-master, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
to now,
This invention relates to a machine for giving felt-pieces of any shape a
velure-like appearance, and is intended especially for the working of felt-hats. Up
the corical stumps or frustums of the hats had first to be ground by hand
with emery in the direction of the circumference of the cone, and had thereafter to
be worked by means of an emery wheel in the same direction, the emery wheel
being led in a spiral way around the cone from the base to the top of the same.
After thus being worked, the stump or frustum was brushed, and was subjected
again and again to the same treatment, until the velure-like appearance was
obtained.
This circumstantial work could not be dispensed with, in that an uninterrupted
work was hindered, first, by the small hairs ground off by the emery; and, second,
by the dust produced thereby. The said small hairs as well as the dust must be
removed from the hat, or from the conical stump of frustum representing the
future hat respectively, after the completion of each full step. Only after this is
done, the next step can be commenced. Therefore, the felt-cone must be taken out
of the machine, and introduced again, for several times, and it will be clear, that a
continuous working is greatly impeded thereby.
In order to do away with the said drawback, I have devised the machine shown
in the accompanying drawing, in which is combined with the emery-wheel proper a
a rotating brush b, arranged below said wheel a, and rotating in the same direction
as the latter. The emery-wheel a is arranged directly within a hood c, whilst the
brush is arranged in front of said hood, or in front of the open side of the latter
respectively. The rear part of brush b is reaching into said hood c, but is separated
from the space of the latter by a curved wall c¹. The opening of the hood is thus
interrupted by said curved wall c', or is divided into an upper and a lower opening
respectively; between these two openings rotates the circular brush b.
The relative
Hood c is held or supported by a pipe g, which extends downwards, and connects
the hood with an aspirator d, arranged between the supports or standards of the
frame of the machine. Said aspirator d is actuated from the shaft e, which is
driven from the shaft f of the emery-wheel a by means of the belt s.
diameter of the upper and lower pulley for said belt s is chosen so as to cause the
shaft e, or the aspirator respectively, to rotate with greater speed than is the
case with the upper shaft f. By employing cone-pulleys instead of the single
pulleys, the relative velocity of the two shafts f and e may be regulated in any
required degree. In any case, however, the velocity of the shaft e, and with it of
the aspirator d, is to be greater than that of the emery-wheel a. The piece of felt
to be worked by the machine is pressed against the disc a by a rubber-cushion i
attached to the upper end of a curved lever m; the latter forms an arm of a double-
armed lever m n, which is fulcrumed at to the frame of the machine.
Arm n
of this lever forms a guide for a weight k, and is provided moreover with a screw-
threaded spindle o that passes through a screw-threaded projection ¹ forming
part of said weight k. The piece of felt laying upon the rubber-cushion i
is pressed against the disc a under the action of the weight g. This pressure may
be altered or regulated by displacing the weight & by means of spindle o, the latter
being provided for that purpose with a crank p. If the piece of felt held by the

page_text: cushion is to be removed from the disc a, the lever m n is turned by means of a
draw-rod p connected at its lower end to a treadle (not shown), and at its upper end
to a projection g forming part of lever arm n.
If now the emery-disc a as well as the circular brush b are rotated in the direction
indicated by the arrows, the portions of the felt just ground by the disc a are
subjected instantly thereafter to the action of the brush b, and the small hairs as
well as the dust are brushed off, and are caught up by a curved plate h arranged
below the brush, and forming an extension of the bottom of the hood c. The air
sucked into the said hood under the action of the aspirator d, enters the hood
through the upper opening as well as through the lower one; therefore, the dust
produced by the waste of the emery-disc is sucked into the hood through the upper
opening, whilst the small hairs together with the remainder of the dust are sucked
into the hood through the lower opening of the same; the whole is then led away
from the bottom of hood c through the pipe g co any suitable place, for instance
into a bag.
Instead of employing an emery-wheel for grinding the felt, I prefer to use a disc
that consists either of china or of clay, and I prefer to combine with such a disc
portions of emery-stone inserted into the periphery of the disc.
I have shown such a disc in Figs. 2 & 3 of the drawings, in which a designates
the disc which consist of either china or clay, as already mentioned, and in which,
further, a are the portions of emery-stone inserted into the periphery of the
disc a.
By the use of china or clay for the grinding-disc, I obtain a disc, the periphery
of which is constantly rough and I thus dispense perfectly with providing the disc
oftentimes with a fresh layer of emery, as is necessary if nothing but emery is used
for the operation. The useful effect of the grinding disc of this kind is, however,
increased, if emery is combined with the china or clay.
Hâving now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. In a felt grinding machine, the combination with the grinding-disc, or a
rotating brush arranged parallel to said disc, substantially as described.
2. In a felt grinding machine, the combination with the grinding-disc, arranged
within a hood, of a rotating brush arranged parallel to said disc, and in front of
said hood, substantially as described.
3. In a felt grinding machine, the combination with a grinding-disc, arranged
within a hood, of a rotating brush arranged parallel to said disc, and in front of
said hood, the bottom of the latter being extended forward below the brush,
substantially as described.
4 In a felt-grinding machine, the combination with a grinding disc, arranged
within a hood, of a rotating brush arranged parallel to said disc, and in front of
said hood, part of said brush reaching into the hood, and being separated from the
space of the latter by a plate or wall, substantially as described.
5. In a felt-grinding machine, the combination with a grinding disc, of a
rotating brush arranged parallel to said disc, and of a hood covering the said
disc, said hood being connected with an aspirator arranged on a separate shaft,
and driven with a velocity greater than that of the grinding-disc, substantially as
described.
6. In a felt-grinding machine, the combination with a grinding-disc, arranged
within a hood, of a rotating brush arranged parallel to said disc, and in front of
said hood, the latter being connected with an aspirator arranged on a separate
shaft, the connecting-pipe commencing at the bottom of the hood, substantially as
described.
7. In a felt-grinding machine, the combination with a grinding disc, consisting of
china or clay, of pieces or parts of emery or emery-stone inserted into the periphery
of said disc, substantially as described.

page_text: 8. In a felt-grinding machine, the combination with a grinding-disc arranged
within a hood, of a rotating brush arranged parallel to said disc, and in front of
said hood; part of said brush reaching into the hood, and being separated from the
space of the latter by a plate or wall; the bottom of said hood being extended
forward below the brush; the hood being connected with an aspirator arranged on
a separate shaft, and driven with a velocity greater than that of the grinding disc;
the connecting pipe between aspirator and hood commencing at the bottom of the
latter, substantially as described.
9. In a felt-grinding machine, the combination with a grinding-disc, consisting of
china and clay, and having pieces or parts of emery or emery-stone inserted into
its periphery, of the rotating brush arranged parallel to said disc, and in front of
said hood; part of said brush reaching into the hood, and being separated from the
space of the latter by a plate or wall; the bottom of said hood being extended
forward below the brush; the hood being connected with an aspirator arranged on
a separate shaft, and driven with a velocity greater than that of the grinding disc;
the connecting pipe between aspirator and hood commencing at the bottom of the
latter, substantially as described.
D
1
1004
WILHELM BÜTTNER,
By Geo. Thos. Hyde,
1, Broad Street Buildings, London, E.Č., Agent for the Applicant.