IMPROVEMENTS IN THERMOMETERS AND SPIROMETERS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Mortimer Granville, of Savile Row, in the County
of Middlesex, Doctor of Medicine, Licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THERMOMETERS AND SPIROMETERS."
Sealed the 27th October 1877, and dated the 5th June 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Mortimer Granville
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th June 1877.
JOSEPH MORTIMER GRANVILLE, of Savile Row, in the County of Middlesex,
Doctor of Medicine, Licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THERMOMETERS AND SPIROMETERS."
"
The improvements refer more particularly to clinical thermometers for taking
the heat of the animal body or breath, or of any organic or inorganic substance,
and have for their object the obtention of a true indication of the temperature by
the expansion of mercury, unaffected by or insulated from the general atmosphere
of the chamber or place wherein said thermometer is applied.
The improvements consist in constructing a cup or box, of convenient shape and
size, of metal or of any material, and on the outside or inside of said cup or box
applying a case or coating of wood, ivory, vulcanite, or any composition which is a
non-conductor of heat, and placing in said case a thermometer bulb, of any con-
venient shape or form, so that the bulb hangs free in the cavity of the cup or box
that is to say, insulated from the walls thereof.
Also in carrying a continuous tube or stem through the cup.or box protected at..
the sides of the aperture, by which said tube leaves the cup or box by any non-
conductor of heat. The tube or a part thereof being arranged or formed as desired,
and graduated with any desired scale indicating the rise and fall of the mercury.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Josph Mortimer Granville in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
5th December 1877.
JOSEPH MORTIMER GRANVILLE, of Savile Row, in the County of Middlesex,
" IMPROVE-
Doctor of Medicine, Licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians.
MENTS IN THERMOMETERS AND SPIROMETERS."
The improvements refer more particularly to clinical thermometers for taking the
heat of the animal body or breath, or of organic and inorganic substances, and have
for their object the more convenient indication and observation of temperature by
the expansion of mercury or spirit insulated from the general atmosphere.
The improvements consist in applying to any suitable cup or open-mouthed
receptacle, made of metal or other convenient material, and furnished on the outside
or inside, or on both. the outside and inside, with any substance which is a bad
conductor of heat, the said cup having or not having an inner metallic radiating
lining, a thermometer tube with an engine or hand divided scale, with or without a
moveable self-register, and bulb charged with mercury or spirit, made of any shape
or form, but so arranged that a sufficient part of said tube after being passed
through an insulated opening in the cup shall lie or be placed horizontally, or
nearly so, or disposed in the form of a spiral inclined plane upon or recessed in the
top and outside of the said insulated cup or receptacle, and the said tube thus
insulated and partly exposed afford greater facilities when in use for observing the
indicated temperatures than heretofore.
Also in supplying said improved thermometer with one or more attachments,
whereby the same can be conveniently fixed and held on or to the various parts
to be observed by means of bands, elastic or otherwise, or clips.
The annexed Drawing will serve to show a practical and convenient mode of
performing the improvements, but I do not limit myself to the mode therein
illustrated, as the nature of the improvements allows of various modes of performing
the said Invention.
Figure 1 is a side elevation; Figure 2, a cross section; Figure 3 a top plan view;
Figure 4, a bottom plan view; Figure 5 illustrates a mode of application and use.
In all the Figures A is the cup, which may conveniently be of ivory and furnished
with an insulating or radiating lining D, as shown; B is the thermometer tube;
and C, attachment eyelets or pieces.
The degrees of heat are conveniently marked on the tube, as shown, and every
5 degrees on the top of the
cup itself.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Mortimer Granville, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.