Improvements in Steam or other Pressure Gauges or Indicators.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Mar., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 4th Dec., 1890-Accepted, 24th Jan., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam or other Pressure Gauges or Indicators.
I DAVID JOHN MORGAN of Fitzhamon Embankment Cardiff in the County
of Glamorgan Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My present invention relates to steam pressure gauges or fluid pressure indicators
which are more especially employed for indicating or denoting the pressure within
steam generators.
Hitherto a very great waste of power pressure or steam has been caused by means
of the ordinarily constructed or arranged pressure gauge not being sufficiently sensitive
in its means of indication that is to say the indicator or pointer works through such
a small space or distance that the engineer stoker or attendant is unable to detect
the variation in pressure quick enough in order to give him time to allow the furnace
to cool down and thus prevent escape or waste of steam at the safety valve. By means
of the rise in pressure within the steam generator not being denoted upon the dial
of the gauge quickly the steam reaches beyond the regulated pressure of the safety
valve before it has shown sufficient indication thereof upon the dial of the gauge so
that the stoker attendant or engineer is easily deceived thereby and an over pressure
ensues causing waste of steam as before described the object therefore of this
invention is to arrange construct or improve upon the ordinary steam pressure
gauge in order that it will become more sensitive in action and will indicate in a much
quicker and more distinct manner any small variation of pressure taking place within
the steam generator to attain which I add to the indicating mechanism of an
ordinarily constructed steam pressure gauge a mechanical arrangement which works
an auxiliary dial or finger in such a manner that the said finger or pointer moves
through a greater distance than the ordinary or primary indicator or finger for the
same amount of pressure that is to say suppose the maximum working pressure be
one hundred pounds when this pressure is reached the primary finger points to such
a pressure in the ordinary way and the auxiliary finger will point at no pounds
pressure but should the pressure rise say half a pound the auxiliary finger will at
once move or travel some considerable distance thus clearly and at once fully denoting
the rise in pressure so that the furnace may be immediately cooled and the waste of
steam prevented.
The said auxiliary pointer and dial may be arranged and worked in several ways
for instance the dial may be marked upon the larger periphery of the face of the
ordinary dial with say five divisions representing one pound pressure per division
that is to say should the ordinary gauge have a dial indicating up to two hundred
pounds pressure the outer or auxiliary dial would be divided into five divisions
indicative of five pounds in the like distance so that for a movement of one pound in
the primary or ordinary indicator the auxiliary finger would have moved forty times
the distance thus making the gauge very sensitive and at once denoting the least
increase in pressure.
The auxiliary dial may be arranged as before described or arranged across
the face of the primary dial in any convenient part thereof in order to be clearly
seen.
The auxiliary finger or indicator is preferably worked by means of a separate or
auxiliary quadrant which gears with a small pinion wheel keyed on to a hollow shaft
or spindle the said hollow spindle working freely over or around the ordinary spindle
which carries the primary indicator or finger.
The auxiliary quadrant is carried upon a suitable pin which is fixed to the frame
which supports the ordinary mechanism of the gauge and it is coupled to the end of

page_text: the primary quadrant by means of a connecting rod one end of which is arranged
with a slot having a pin passing through it and secured to said primary quadrant the
auxiliary quadrant therefore will not move or work until the primary quadrant has
moved sufficient to bring the pin to the end of slot when it at once pulls the con-
necting rod and causes the auxiliary quadrant to turn the pinion and move the
sensitive pointer along the auxiliary dial.
The slot in the connecting rod may be arranged any suitable length so that
the auxiliary or sensitive finger or pointer will not come into play until a certain
required pressure is indicated by the primary or ordinary pointer.
A suitable spiral or other spring is arranged in order to pull back the auxiliary
quadrant when the pressure of the steam or other fluid has diminished sufficient
to allow the primary finger or pointer to point to the pressure required to be
maintained.
When required the auxiliary quadrant may gear into a double purchase set of wheels
in order to give the anxiliary finger a greater magnitude or travel.
Where preferred instead of working the auxiliary finger or pointer by means of a
quadrant and gearing as before described it may be worked direct from the fluid
pressure tube which works the primary pointer and in order to accomplish this I
employ a cylinder within which I place a piston and a spring and made with or
connected to said piston is either a rod which may be coupled direct to the auxiliary
pointer or a rack which may gear into the small pinion or other wheel which will work
said auxiliary pointer or finger.
The opposite end of said cylinder is connected direct or in any other suitable way to
the free end or thereabouts of the ordinary pressure tube of gauge.
In some cases the auxiliary finger may be worked direct from the primary finger by
any suitable mechanical connection which will considerably increase the sweep or travel
of the auxiliary finger compared with the travel of the primary pointer in order to
attain the object hereinbefore described.
Dated this 3rd day of March 1890.
H. F. BOUGHTON, M. I. Mech. E.,
Barnsley and Sheffield, Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam or other Pressure Gauges or Indicators.
I DAVID JOHN MORGAN of Fitzhamon Embankment Cardiff in the County of
Glamorgan Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My present invention relates to steam pressure gauges or fluid pressure indicators
which are more especially employed for indicating or denoting the pressure within
steam generators.
Hitherto a very great waste of power pressure or steam has been caused by
means of the ordinarily constructed or arranged pressure gauge not being sufficiently
sensitive in its means of indication that is to say the indicator or pointer works
through such a small space or distance that the engineer stoker or attendant is unable
to detect the variation in pressure quick enough in order to give him time to allow
the furnace to cool down and thus prevent escape or waste of steam at the safety
valve. By means of the rise in pressure within the steam generator not being
denoted upon the dial of the gauge quickly the steam reaches beyond the regulated
pressure of the safety valve before it has shown sufficient indication thereof upon the
dial of the gauge so that the stoker attendant or engineer is easily deceived thereby
and an over pressure ensues causing waste of steam as before described the object
therefore of this invention is to arrange construct or improve upon the ordinary
steam pressure gauge in order that it will become more sensitive in action and will
indicate in a much quicker and more distinct manner any small variation of pressure

page_text: taking place within the steam generator to attain which I add to the indicating
mechanism of an ordinarily constructed steam pressure gauge a mechanical arrange-
ment which works an auxiliary dial or finger in such a manner that the said finger
or pointer moves through a greater distance than the ordinary or primary indicator or
finger for the same amount of pressure.
That is to say suppose the maximum working pressure be one hundred pounds
when this pressure is reached the primary finger points to such a pressure in the
ordinary way and the auxiliary finger will point at no pounds pressure but should
the pressure rise say half a pound the auxiliary finger will at once move or travel
some considerable distance thus clearly and at once fully denoting the rise in pressure
so that the furnace may be immediately cooled and the waste of steam prevented.
The said auxiliary pointer and dial may be arranged and worked in several ways
for instance the dial may be marked upon the larger periphery of the face of the
ordinary dial with say five divisions representing one pound pressure per division
that is to say should the ordinary gauge have a dial indicating up to two hundred
pounds pressure the outer or auxiliary dial would be divided into five divisions
indicative of five pounds in the like distance so that for a movement of one pound in
the primary or ordinary indicator the auxiliary finger would have moved forty times
the distance thus making the gauge very sensitive and at once denoting the least
increase of pressure.
The auxiliary dial may be arranged as before described or arranged across the face
of the primary dial in any convenient part thereof in order to be clearly seen.
In order that my present invention may be more fully understood and so that it
may be readily carried into effect I hereunto attach drawings and will proceed.to
describe my invention by their aid.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a steam or other like pressure gauge constructed
with improvements according to my present invention and
Fig. 2 is a cross sectional elevation of the same.
Fig. 3 is an elevation of a modification of the mechanism employed for working
the auxiliary finger.
Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation showing the details of a further modification of the
mechanism for working the auxiliary finger and
Fig. 5 illustrates details of still another modification of said mechanism.
Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate in detail mechanical means for working the auxiliary
finger from the primary finger.
Like letters of reference denote corresponding parts in each view.
The steam or pressure gauge A has the ordinary pressure tube 6 which is connected
to a quadrant c gearing with a pinion d in order to work the primary finger E in the
ordinary way.
In order to work or move the auxiliary finger G I employ another
quadrant which can rock or work upon a suitable pin or shaft j. The lower end of
this quadrant his connected by means of a rod to the lower end of the quadrant c
and the rod has a slot within which works a pin e' which is secured to the lower
end of quadrant c. The auxiliary finger G is secured to or made with the hollow
spindle which is also either made with or has secured thereon the pinion k. The
auxiliary dial is marked as shown at Fig. 1 that is nearer the periphery of the
gauge than the primary dial. The auxiliary quadrant is connected to a spiral
spring S which pulls it back when the pressure lowers thus causing the auxiliary
finger G to point to no pounds when the primary finger E points below a certain
pressure or the quadrant & may be weighted on one side and the spring & dispensed
with. The quadrant h may be placed or fixed in any position in order that it will
commence to work the auxiliary finger G at any required pressure that is to say
should it be desirable that the auxiliary finger G should comшience to move when the
primary finger E points to sixty pounds the auxiliary quadrant 'h would be so placed
that when the primary quadrant & had caused the pinion d to move the finger E to
the number sixty marked upon the primary dial the pin c would begin to press
against the end of the slot and cause the rod to move the auxiliary quadrant h
b

page_text: and by means of the pinion k to move the auxiliary finger G and as the pressure
increased the auxiliary finger G would at once show or indicate one two three
four or five pounds increase in pressure as the case might be so that by the magnitude
of the stroke or travel of the auxiliary finger G the rise in pressure can be
immediately discerned and the waste of steam prevented.
Referring to Fig. 3 in order to give the auxiliary finger G greater sensitiveness
and cause it to travel at a still quicker speed compared with the primary finger E
I introduce an intermediate gearing composed of a pinion h' and a wheel 2 which
works upon a spindle or shaft ³ to which they are secured.
Referring to Fig. 4 where preferred instead of working the auxiliary finger G by
means of an auxiliary quadrant I work it direct from the tube 6 by means of a
rod m which is made with or fixed to a small piston m' which latter fits freely in
a cylinder n the said cylinder n having a rod m² fixed to or made with it and the end
of which is coupled to the tube as shown. A spring S is placed between the piston m'
and top of cylinder m.
The end of the rod m is coupled direct to the auxiliary finger G at such a position
in order to make the said finger G move at a greater speed than the primary
finger E.
In this arrangement the auxiliary dial is preferably arranged in the
position as shown.
In the details shown at Fig. 5 the rod m is arranged in the form of a rack and
gears with the pinion k in order to move the auxiliary finger G.
y
Where desirable or convenient the auxiliary finger G may be worked direct from
the primary finger E and in such a case the steam or other pressure gauge or indicator
may be any type that is to say other than those worked with a pressure tube b or
otherwise and in order to accomplish this I either arrange a wheel
which may be
made with or fixed to the primary finger E and which gears into the pinion k in order
to work the auxiliary dial G as shown at Fig. 6 or I employ a separate circular
plate T upon which I mark the auxiliary dial and secure the same to the face of the
gauge or indicator as shown at Fig. 7. Pivotted to the plate T is the auxiliary
finger G which has made with or attached to it a circular slotted plate t'. An
adjustable pin or stop to is fitted in the slot of circular plate t¹ and as the primary
finger E moves beyond any fixed working pressure it comes in contact with said stop
or adjustable pin w and immediately moves the auxiliary finger G causing the
same to indicate the exact rise in the pressure over and above the working
pressure.
It will be obvious that the circular plate T may be arranged in any suitable
position upon the face of the gauge in order to cause the auxiliary finger Ġ to come
into play at the pressure desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is.
1. In steam or other fluid pressure gauges or indicators the use of an auxiliary
finger G worked from the primary quadrant c by means of a slotted rod pine
weighted or other quadrant and pinion kall substantially as arranged and used
for the purpose specified and illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings hereunto
attached.
2. In steam or other fluid pressure gauges or indicators the use of an auxiliary or
sensitive indicator G worked from the primary quadrant c by means of a rod
weighted or other quadrant hand gearing h, 2, and k substantially as described and
illustrated at Fig. 3 and used for the purpose specified.
3. In steam or other fluid pressure gauges or indicators the use of an auxiliary
finger G worked from the pressure tube b by means of rods m and m² in combination
with a cylinder n and piston m² substantially as described and shown at Fig. 4 and
used for the purpose specified.
4. In steam or other fluid pressure gauges or indicators the use of an auxiliary

page_text: finger G worked from the pressure tube 6 by means of a rack m pinion k piston m¹
springs and connection m² substantially as described and shown at Fig. 5 and used
for the purpose specified.
5. In steam or other fluid pressure gauges or indicators the use of an auxiliary
or sensitive finger G worked from the ordinary or primary finger E by means of a
wheel 9 and pinion k substantially as described and illustrated at Fig. 6 and used for
the purpose specified.
6. In steam or other fluid pressure gauges or indicators the use of an auxiliary
or sensitive anger G worked from the primary or ordinary finger E by means of a
slotted ring plate t and adjustable stop w substantially as described and illustrated at
Fig. 7 and used for the purpose specified.
7. In steam or other fluid pressure gauges or indicators the use of an auxiliary
finger G in order to denote in a magnified form the rise of a few pounds pressure over
and above any working pressure substantially as described.
8. In combination with a finger G used for the purpose specified the use of an
auxiliary magnified dial 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 indicative of the rise of a few pounds pressure
over and above a fixed working pressure substantially as described or any mere
modification thereof.
Dated this 3rd day of December 1890.
H. F. BOUGHTON, M.I. Mech. E.,
London, Sheffield, and Barnsley, Agent.