matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRAMWAY ENGINES
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I, NORMAN SCOTT RUSSELL, of The Falcon Engine Works 41 Coleman Street,
in the City of London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of said invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TRAMWAY ENGINES
" to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object to effect the better condensation of the exhaust
steam of tramway Engines. For this purpose I provide in connection with the air
or water condensers of the Engine an air pump by which an artificial vacuum is
created. The said air pump may be worked by any convenient means such for
instance as by arranging the air pump in proximity to the piston rod of the
cylinder, and working the plunger of the pump by means of a lever actuated by
the said piston rod or by any other suitable means..
Dand AL 01-
1 1004
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London,
Agent for the said Norman Scott Russell.

page_text: I, NORMAN SCOTT RUSSELL of the Falcon Engine Works 41 Coleman Street in
the City of London Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRAMWAY ENGINES" and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My Invention has for its object to effect the better condensation of the exhaust
Steam of Tramway Engines. For this purpose I provide in connection with the
water condensers or with the air and water condensers of the Engine an air pump
by which an artificial vacuum is created The said air pump may be worked by any
convenient means such for instance as by arranging the air pump in proximity to
the piston rod of the cylinder and working the plunger of the pump by means
of a lever actuated by the said piston rod or by any other suitable means.
The accompanying diagram will serve to illustrate clearly the way in which my
Invention may be carried into practical effect. In this Diagram I have not shewn
parts which are not necessary, for the explanation of my Invention. They may be
of any usual or suitable construction and arrangement. A represents the air
condenser communicating with the water condenser B with which I combine an
air pump C by which an artificial vacuum is created in the water Condenser, I
have shewn the said air pump as being worked by means of an eccentric D on the
axle E but to this as herein before indicated I do not limit myself.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
In tramway Engines the employment in combination with the water condenser
or the air and water condenser; of an air pump for creating an artificial vacuum
substantially as herein before described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF POTASSIUM CARBONATE AND BICARBONATE
Year: 1884

page_text: I, FANNIE BROWN, of 22 Southampton Buildings Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Relict and Sole Executrix of William Cowell Brown, deceased, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF POTASSIUM CARBONATE AND BICARBONATE" and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
According to my Invention I take potassium nitrate, nitre, or saltpetre, and
mix it with coal dust or other carbonaceous material in equal or unequal
proportions. These ingredients in their relative proportions are advantageously
subjected to hydraulic or other pressure, whereby they are formed into hard
blocks, in order to diminish their bulk, and, consequently lessen the rapidity of
combustion.
The conversion of the above described mass into potassium carbonate or
bicarbonate is effected by ignition and combustion in suitable vessels. The
resultant ash is washed, clarified, and crystallized, or treated in solution with
carbonic dioxide to convert it into potassium bicarbonate, the carbonic dioxide
being the resultant gas from the combustion of the aforesaid ingredients in air.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is,
First. The conversion of potassium nitrate, nitre, or saltpetre, into potassium
carbonate, by ignition and combustion with equal or unequal proportions
of coal dust or equivalent carbonaceous matter, as herein set forth.
Second. The utilization of the carbon dioxide gas evolved during the combustion
in air of potassium nitrate, nitre, or saltpetre with carbonaceous or other
equivalent material, for the treatment of the potassium carbonate for
effecting its conversion into potassium bicarbonate as herein set forth.
L
IMPROVED FENDERS FOR SHIPS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, JOHN BROWN of 7 Dover Street in the City of Coventry, Builder & Machinist,
do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVED FENDERS FOR
SHIPS" to be as follows:-
The fenders are movable to or from the ship's sides by screwed shafting, pulleys,
wheels on bearers with all connecting rods or shafts attached to the protector
which may be of iron, steel, metal, wood, chain or ropes, and may be worked as a
whole or in sections or parts by band or steam power to be fixed on a special
platform or attached to the present deck under or over.
Dated th : LAL
Jan. 1004

page_text: JOHN BROWN of 7 Dover Street in the City of Coventry Builder & Machinist
do hereby declare the nature of my own Invention for IMPROVED FENDERS
FOR SHIPS, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The ships protector as specified in this & is accompanied by plans sent with this
Specification shewing the working of this Invention and the different parts
belonging to it to be constructed of revolving shafting, screwed shafting, pulleys,
wheels fixed on proper bearers with all connecting rods or shafts atteched to the
protector which may be of iron, steel, mettal, wood, chain or ropes of any substance
or size to suit the vessel. To be worked as a whole or in sections or parts to be
forced out by hand, steam or compressed air power to be fixed on a special platform
or bearers at any given height in the vessel or fixed to the deck either on the top
or on the under side of the deck the prow or receiver to be like or similar to that
shewn on plans with the necessary joints such as a rule joint at the prow & slotted
or sliding joint at the side for expansion and contraction any number of screwed
shafting & forceing out shafts to be applied to suit the length of ships and the
strength of the fender, the screwed shafting to be fixed in pairs each to have tooth
or cog wheels to work in each other with the mitre or crown wheels to connect to
main shaft as shewn on plans & sections the protector can be in square, round,
oblong tee, V & L' or any other shape to suit the ship and any size to resist the
force of a concussion of an opposing vessel.
Having now particularly discribed and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
Sliding ships fenders movable by screws substansially as shewn and described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STRAINED WIRE FENCES
Year: 1884

page_text: We JAMES KENNAN and THOMAS KENNAN both of 19 Fishamble Street in the
City of Dublin Engine Tool and Implement Manufacturers do hereby declare the
nature of our Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN STRAINED WIRE FENCES and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
We use a Double hooked Link piece shewn in the accompanying Drawings
(Fig. 1 front-Fig. 2 Side view-Fig. 3 plan or top view) for the purpose of securing
or supporting the horizontal barbed Wires of Iron or Steel Wire Fences to or upon
the Standards or Upright Bars of such Fences.
This Link Piece H is made of stout iron or steel wire with two hooked ends h¹
and turned one upwards and the other downwards so that when the link H has
been passed through a hole in a Standard S the hook ends h³, h are ready to
receive the fence wire W which can be laid on from the side over the upward
hook and under the downward hook h² and thus be held against the Standard S.
When a Barbed Fence wire has thus been supported on the Standards between
the Terminal or Straining posts of a line of fence it may be strained tight by any
of the usual and well known methods commonly employed, or if it be desired, the
points of the hooks h¹ and h³ may be bent inwards so as to secure the Fence wire W
without straining it froin Terminal or Straining posts.
Figs. 4. 5. 6 shew the application of this Invention on a Fence Standard of Bulb
Bar section, Fig. 4 being a front view, Fig. 5 a side or cross view, Fig. 6 a top plan
with section of the Standard.
Fig. 7 shews the Link H applied on a Standard of I Section.
Figure 8 shews its application to a flat bar Standard.
Figure 9 shews the link H passed through 2 holes in the wings of an angle bar
Standard.
Iron or Steel Standards of any well known construction may be used if pierced
with holes to receive the links H at the required heights above the ground
according to the number and spaces of the horizontal Barbed Wires in the fence.
By using the double Hooked Link piece H as herein described horizontal Barbed
Wires may be firmly supported on the intermediate Standards of the Wire Fences
without weakening such Standards either by cutting notches in their edges or by
making holes of a large size to permit the barbs to pass through them.
•

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
The use of the double hooked link piece H in combination with Iron Fence
Standards substantially for the purpose and in the manner herein described.
Dated this 21st day of February 1884.
AN IMPROVED TRAP FOR WATER CLOSETS AND OTHER SANITARY APPLIANCES
Year: 1884

page_text: "
I EDGAR NEWTON of Hitchin in the County of Herts, Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of said Invention for AN IMPROVED TRAP FOR WATER
CLOSETS AND OTHER SANITARY APPLIANCES" and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The object of this Invention is to afford a ready, cheap and effectual means for
ventilating water closets and other sanitary appliances and for preventing
syphonage from the traps.
For this purpose I cast the trap or trap pipe in lead of the required shape and
size and provided in- the upper part between the trap part and the outlet passage
therefrom with an upright outlet shank by preference quite vertical. To this
shank the air or ventilating pipe for outlet of the foul air or gas is connected.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a vertical section through a P shaped
trap cast in lead and having the upright foul air or gas outlet shank A between
the trap part B and the outlet part C. To this shank A a ventilating pipe is
readily connected by soldering or otherwise.
Figure 2 shows an S shaped trap having the shank A similarly applied.
Figure 3 shows an overflow trap pipe having the shank A applied in a similar
manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
A cast lead trap having an upright outlet shank A for foul air or gas applied
between the trap part B and the outlet part C substantially as set forth.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ETCHING METAL SURFACES
Year: 1884

page_text: I JOSEPH BROWN of 43 Halsey Street, Cadogan Squaro Chelsea, Gentleman do
hereby declare the nature of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ETCHING
METAL SURFACES "to be as follows:-
(
.1
My first step is to take an engraved plate or lithographic drawing on stone, from
which I take impressions in a bituminous acid resisting varnish. I then take this
print in bituminous varnish and transfer it by pressure on to the surface on which
I intend the drawing to be reproduced; the paper being removed leaves mo the
impression in the bituminous ink or varnish perfectly in tact on the plate, the print
thus transferred to the plate is then gently sprinkled with bituminous powder
should the case require it.
The plate or metal surface in its then condition is submitted to the action of
acids, or an electric battery, or any well known mordant, until such parts
unprotected by the bituminous varnish are acted upon until the required depth is
obtained.

page_text: I JOSEPH BROWN of 43, Halsey Street Cadogan Square Chelsea Gentleman do
hereby declare the nature of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ETCHING
METAL SURFACES" and in what manner the same is to be performed, to bo par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
My first step is to take an engraved plate or lithographic drawing on stone from
which I take impressions in a bituminous acid resisting varnish. I then take this
print in bituminous varnish and transfer it by pressure on to the surface on which
I intend the drawing to be reproduced: the paper being removed, leaves me the
impression in the bituminous ink or varnish perfectly in tact on the plate, the print
thus transferred to the plate is then gently sprinkled with bituminous powder
should the case require it.
The plate or metal surface in its then condition, is submitted to the action of
acids or an electric battery, or any well known nordant until such parts
unprotected by the bituminous varnish are acted upon, until the required depth is
obtained.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1st The method herein explained of obtaining printed impressions or transfers
in a bituminous acid resisting varnish, from engraved plates, or from lithographic
printing surfaces.
2nd The method of transfering these bituminous prints (by pressure) to any
metal surface whether flat or otherwise.
3rd The method of eating away or incising those parts of the metal surface that
have been left exposed in the transfer; by the use of acid, electricity, or some
suitable mordant.
Dabad thin downtinth day of January 1885
Year: 1884

page_text: =
Referring again to (Figure 2), it will be seen that by dividing the lower part of
the pillar also at the line (xy) and forming either a second plug or a socket upon
the joint (b) with a corresponding socket or plug as the case may be upon the
part (2) the pillar and joint may be formed in three parts instead of two which
would in some cases afford greater facility for brass mounting.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
=
The construction of bedstead pillars by forming such pillars in two or more
parts and connecting such parts together by means of a plug socket or plugs and
sockets formed in the angle joints cast on the frame of the bedstead bottom or
mattress in conjunction with a boss or bosses upon one or more parts of the
bedstead pillar as herein more fully set forth and specified.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CURTAIN-HOLDERS OR CORNICES
Year: 1884

page_text: I, HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN CURTAIN-HOLDERS OR CORNICES" and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement—
This Invention relates to extensible or telescopic curtain holders, and will be
described by the aid of the accompanying Drawings of which Fig. 1 shows the
middle part of the curtain holder (in front elevation and plan) and Fig. 2 the two
telescopic extremities of the holder (in plan), while Fig. 3 is a plan of the curtain
holder complete, Fig. 4 a section along A-B of Fig. 3, Fig. 5 a section along
line C-D, Fig. 6 a section along line E-F, and Fig. 7 a front elevation of the
curtain holder.
On the middle part a is mounted an iron rod b serving to connect the part a
with the parts c and d. The latter are armed with angular iron plates e and f
(as shown in Fig. 2) which have suitable openings for allowing the parts c and d
to slide in and out. The middle part a has at each end a projection a¹ made to
fit exactly the surface of the parts c and d, and near the said projections are fixed
a pair of metallic clamps or bent plates g, h adapted to hold the parts cand d
against the projections a, as seen in Figs. 3 and 4. The sides c and d are thus
guided in the clamps g, h, as well as on the rod b (on the latter by means of the
plates e and f). For lengthening the curtain holder, the sides c and d need only
be drawn away from each other.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The combination of middle part a provided with rod b, with the sides c, d
adapted to slide in clamps or bent plates g, h and on the rod b, substantially as
and for the purpose described.
Dated this and
1004
ADJUSTING LOOKING GLASSES, MIRRORS &c.
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I, JOHN AUGUSTUS THOMPSON, of 12 London Street, London E.C. Marine
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for ADJUSTING LOOKING
GLASSES, MIRRORS &c. to be as follows:-
Each adjuster consists of a suitable chain with screw eyelet at one end & a cleat
plate for holding looking glasses, mirrors &°. to any desired angle. On fitting
same to a looking glass (for example) the eyelet is screwed into one of the uprights
and the other end of the chain engages with the cleat plate which is screwed on to.
the frame of the looking glass.

page_text: I, JOHN AUGUSTUS THOMPSON of No. 12 London Street Fenchurch Street
London E.C. Marine Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for
IMPROVED ADJUSTMENT FOR LOOKING GLASSES, MIRRORS, & OTHER ARTICLES
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The adjuster consists of the following parts:-(1) A chain or cord with screw
eyelet, screw, or other contrivance at one end for securing said and to point of
fixture. (2) A cleat plate, pin, or cleat, with pin screw or other contrivanco for
securing same to point of fixture. For example I will describe my method of
applying a chain adjuster to a looking glass, the pivoted bearing of which I will
assume is worn out & can no longer retain the glass in an angular position: One
end of the chain is fastened to one of the uprights supporting the glass, as high as
admissible above the axis on which the glass swings: & on the frame of the
glass, as far below said axis as possible, the cleat plate or pin is secured, which
plate or pin is slotted or made to suit the links of the chain-When the chain is
slipped into the slot of the cleat plato or on to the pin, it is drawn into a state of
tension by the endeavour of the glass to take a vertical position, & the glass can
be retained in any useful angle desired by engaging different links of the chain
with the cleat plate or pin.
It is of course immaterial whether the chain or cleat plate is fastened to one of
the uprights or to the glass frame & is merely a matter of choice or convenience,
or whether one or two chains are employed.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
The adjusting device consisting of a chain or cord fixed to standard at one end
and engaging at the other with a cleat plate or pin attached to the swinging frame
in the manner and for the purpose herein before described.
Dated this 19th day of Juno 1884.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ANTIFOULING ANTICORROSIVE AND PRESERVATIVE PAINTS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the firm of Herbert and Company, Patent Agents,
of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN ANTIFOULING ANTICORROSIVE AND
PRESERVATIVE PAINTS, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
To one part or pound of leaf-iodine (or crystals of iodine) add one part or pound
(or one and a third pint) of spirits of turpentine. To the mixture produced by
these add twenty parts or pounds of finely powdered carbon (vegetable charcoal, or
the tine powder of bituminous coal) and mix. To these add two parts or poundś
(or one and one third quarts) of carbolic acid and stir well, then add seventy six
parts or pounds of red oxide of iron (red ochre) and mix and bring the whole to a
proper consistency by the addition of boiled linseed oil. For the purposes of
manufacture, eighteen parts or pounds (three gallons) of the boiled linseed oil to
one hundred pounds or parts of the composition will be sufficient, and additional
linseed oil at the option of the user can be added at the time, of application, and
when dispatch is. necessary shell-lac or any other drier can be added at discretion.
Ordinarily the composition as above described will dry within twenty four hours
without the addition of any drier other than boiled linseed oil. The composition
is to be applied with a brush like any ordinary paint or composition and is adapted
to all works exposed to the action of the sun weather and water (salt or fresh),
such as bridges, docks, cables, and telegraph poles, railway-sleepers, wood or
iron-ships and steamers or articles of wood or iron submerged in sea water, and
also protects all woodwork from white-ants.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is,
The admixture of the ingredients and the proportions thereof, or near thereto
substantially as described for making a paint for the purposes set forth.
•
H. J. HADDAN,
By Herbert & Co.,
Agents.
IMPROVEMENTS IN EMBOSSING- SURFACES
Year: 1884

page_text: I WILLIAM RICHARD PULLEN of 9 Farringdon Road London E.C. Architect, do
hereby declare the nature of said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN EMBOSSING-
SURFACES" to be as follows:-
I make male and female dies in steel, copper, lead, zinc, vulcanite, or any other
suitable substance, from what is known as "Crystalline Glass" that is glass with a
crystallized or "Crystallined" surface manufactured under Patent 3174 A.D. 1879
either by first taking impressions from the Crystalline Glass," in plaster, lead, wax,
gelatine or other equivalent substance, or I obtain electrotypès direct from the
surface of the. "Crystalline Glass, or by taking rubbings from the "Crystalline
Glass and reproducing by photo-lythography, or electrotyping or any other
unpatented process whereby fac-similies of the surface of the "Crystalline Glass
can be obtained, the male and female dies produced I use for the purpose of
embossing or stamping the designs obtained, on Leather, paper, parchment, velvet,
silk, calico or the like, or for moulding either Hat or curved surfaces of earthenware,
china, glass or the like, thereby embossing then with new and fantastic designs.

page_text: I WILLIAM RICHARD PULLEN. of 9 Farringdon Road London E.C Architect, do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN EMBOSSING
SURFACES" and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
<
I make male and female dies in steel, copper, lead, zinc, vulcanite or any other
suitable substance from what is known as Crystalline Glass" either by first
taking impressions from the surface of the "Crystalline Glass in plaster, lead, wax,
gelatine or other equivalent substance, or I obtain electrotypes direct from
the surface of the "Crystalline Glass," or by taking rubbings from the "Crystalline
Glass" and reproducing by photo-lythography or electrotyping or any other process
whereby fac-similies of the surface of the "Crystalline glass" can be obtained, the
male and female dies produced I use for the purpose of embossing or stamping the
designs obtained, on leather, paper, parchment, velvet, silk, calico or the like, or
for moulding either flat or curved surfaces, of earthenware, china, glass or the like
thereby embossing them with new and fantastic designs.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
•
"
1st The use and application of what is known as Crystalline Glass" for the
purposes of obtaining male and female dies as herein above described and set forth.
2nd The production of new and fantastically embossed surfaces for the purposes
of decoration or otherwise as herein above described and set forth.
3rd The means modes and processes in producing the same as herein above
described and set forth.
A NEW CHIN REST FOR VIOLINS VIOLAS OR ANY OTHER MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS USUALLY HELD IN POSITION BY MEANS OF THE OHIN
Year: 1884

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I ROBERT HOWE GOULD of 2 Hill Street Peckham in the County of Surrey
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "A NEW CHIN REST
FOR VIOLINS VIOLAS OR ANY OTHER MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS USUALLY HELD IN
POSITION BY MEANS OF THE OHIN" and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
I form a chin rest for violins violas or any other instruments usually held in
position by means of the chin with its upper surface composed of an elastic air
cushion for the chin to rest upon. The air cushion I form of a hollow pad of
vulcanized india rubber within which air is compressed or confined. The under
side of the air cushion I make of such a form that it may be either cemented on to
the top of a rigid bar or plate which can be clamped to the body of the violin or
which may be merely cemented on to the violin itself without any intermediate
fixture.
In the Drawings I have shewn it as being cemented on to the upper bar of
a clamp. Figure 1 is an elevation, Figure 2 a cross section and Figure 3 a plan
view.
A is the hollow elastic air cushion formed of vulcanized india rubber-B is the
rigid bar or plate to which it is cemented. C. C. are right and left handed screws
one carried by the part B the other by a bar D which is to rest against the under
side of the violin. E is a right and left handed screw nut screwing on to the
screws C. C. and by turning which the bars B and D can be made to clamp
between them the edge of a violin.
A chin rest formed as above described with an air cushion for the chin to rest
upon has the great advantage over all other chin rests that it readily accommodates
itself to any shape of chin.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
The construction of a chin rest for violins violas or any other musical instruments
held in position by means of the chin with its upper surface composed of a hollow
elastic pad or cushion of vulcanized india rubber within which air is compressed
or contined substantially as described.
10th 1
10
IMPROVEMENTS IN NUT-LOCKS
Year: 1884

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I, EDWARD CONE SMITH of Brooklyn, in the County of Kings, and State of
New York, in the United States of America Manufacturer do hereby declare the
nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN NUT-LOCKS" and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My Invention relates to novel means for securing nuts upon screw-bolts so that
they cannot accidentally become loose by jarring or other cause.
In the accompanying Drawing
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a railway rail with my nut-lock applied thereto.
Figure 2, is a transverse section taken on one side of the bolt, and
Figure 3, is a similar section taken on a line with the centre of the bolt, the
latter being shewn in elevation.
a represents the railway rail and b, b, fish-plates of the ordinary construction, on
either side thereof. c is the head of the bolt, and d the shank upon which is
formed the right hand screw-thread e. f is a left hand screw-thread upon a
continuation of the shank of the bolt, but of a smaller diameter, so that the inner
nut can be passed over it to the inner thread. These two threads are of different
size or pitch, and are shown of a reverse direction but the latter is not essential, as
both threads may have the same direction if desired, provided the pitch be
different. h is a nut of ordinary construction, adapted to screw onto the larger
thread e.
is a thin plate, preferably square, having a fine threaded perforation
corresponding to the finer thread on the extremity of the shank d. The nut h
being screwed up tightly against the fish-plate, the plate i is secured in position,
its points projecting beyond the nut, one of which points is then bent down onto
the side of the nut h, as seen at j.
While secured in this position, any tendency of the nut h to unscrew or become
loose will be obviated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First. In a nut-lock, the combination of a screw-bolt provided with two screw-
threads of different pitch with a nut and clamping plate adapted to engage
respectively with such screw-threaded portions, as set forth.
v

page_text: Second. The combination of the bolt provided with the screw-thread e and the
reduced extremity having the finer screw-thread f, with the nut h, and locking
plate having one of its corners clamped or bent down onto the side of the nut, as,
and for the purpose, set forth.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF TRANSFERRING THE FILM OF PHOTOGRAPHS, OR A FILM OF COLOUR PAINTED UPON PHOTOGRAPHS TO CANVAS OR OTHER SURFACES
Year: 1884

page_text: I, JOHN MITCHELL DOWLING WORSNOP, of 154, Leeds Road, Bradford, in the
county of York, Photographic Artist, do hereby declare the nature of the said
invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF TRANSFERRING THE FILM OF PHOTOGRAPHS,
OR A FILM OF COLOUR PAINTED UPON PHOTOGRAPHS TO CANVAS OR OTHER SURFACES'
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
"7"
My invention relates to an improved method of removing or transferring the
thin filu, upon which an object has been photographed, or a film of colour which
has been painted upon such photograph, from the glass, paper, or other surface
upon which it has been photographed onto a surface of canvas or other suitable
material.
"
In carrying out my invention, I take the photograph upon glass or paper or any
other suitable surface, which has been previously prepared by coating it with a
thin layer of wax or other substance to which the film of the photograph will
lightly adhere but which will afterwards allow such film to be easily peeled off.
To transfer or remove the film of the photograph, the canvas or other suitable
surface onto which it is to be permanently transferred is covered with dissolved
gelatine or strong waterproof cement and then pressed against the film and held
there until the cement becomes firmly fixed to the film when, by separating the
canvas from the glass or paper, the film will be detached from such glass or paper
and securely cemented upon the surface of the canvas where it is intended to
remain permanently.
To transfer or remove a coloured photograph, or a film of colour which has been
painted upon the surface of a photograph, the film is painted in the required
colours before being transferred, and is then transferred temporarily to a surface
prepared with wax as hereinbefore mentioned, the film is then finally transferred
to the surface upon which it is intended to remain permanently fixed and to which
it is securely fixed by dissolved gelatine or strong waterproof cement, in the manner
herein before described.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is,
Taking photographs or painting such photographs or pictures upon a surface
covered with a slightly adhesive material which will admit of the film of the
photograph or the film of colour painted upon such photograph or picture being
peeled off and attached permanently to a canvas or other durable material in the
manner hereinbefore described.
A VACUUM LUBRICATOR FOR CONDENSING STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1884

page_text: We, WILLIAM RICHARDS, Beaufort Cottage Duke St Kings Square Bristol
Engineer, and JAMES CHAMBERLAIN Albion Terrace, Upper Maudlin St Bristol,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of our invention for A VACUUM LUBRICATOR
FOR CONDENSING STEAM ENGINES to be as follows:-
.
This lubricator consists of a small open top box or chamber for oil, affixed to any
suitable place on the engine, communicating by means of a pipe or passage with
the interior of the cylinder.
Interposed between the oil box & the cylinder is a very small valve which so long
as there is any pressure in the cylinder remains closed, but which as soon as com-
munication is opened with the condenser & a vacuum thus formed in the cylinder,
opens, & allows as much oil as can pass the valve to be drawn into the cylinder, the
valve closing again as soon as the vacuum ceases & the pressure. recommences. The
principle claimed by the invention is to lubricate the cylinders of steam engines by
means of the vacuum produced by the condenser & with an oil box not requiring
a steam tight cover.
WILLIAM RICHARDS.
JAMES CHAMBERLAIN.

page_text: A Vacuum Lubricator for Condensing Steam Engines.
WILLIAM RICHARDS Beaufort Cottage Duke Street King Square Bristol
Engineer and JAMES CHAMBERLAIN 4 Albion Terrace Upper Maudlin Street
Bristol, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of our invention for A VACUUM
LUBRICATOR FOR CONDENSING STEAM ENGINES and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This lubricator consists of a small open top box or chamber for oil, affixed to any
suitable place on the engine, communicating by means of a pipe or passage with
the interior of the cylinder. Interposed between the oil box and the cylinder is a
very small valve which so long as there is any pressure in the cylinder remains
closed, but as soon as communication is opened with the condenser and a vacuum
thus formed in the cylinder, it opens and allows as much oil as can pass the valve
to be drawn into the cylinder, the valve closing again as soon as the vacuum ceases
and the pressure recommences. The principle claimed by the invention is to
lubricate the cylinder of steam engines by means of the vacuum produced by the
condenser and with an oil box not requiring a steam tight cover.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
To lubricate the cylinders of steam engines by means of the vacuum produced
by the condenser and with an oil box not requiring a steam tight cover.
MAKING IRON FENCINGS GATES AND BORDERINGS
Year: 1884

page_text: NEHEMIAH HIX Ironmonger 22 High Street Devizes Wiltshire I do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for MAKING IRON FENCINGS GATES AND
BORDERINGS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The said Fence &c. to be made of Hoop or other Iron, Turned as shown in
drawings, or similarly, or simply straight, held in a perpendicular position by short
Iron or other Tubes, secured and held in their places between uprights by a Bolt or
small Iron Gas pipe passing horizontally through holes made in the perpendicular
Bars and the said short tubes between.
.
Size of all the parts to vary according to height and strength required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
"
The method of holding the upright Bars of Fencings Gates and Borderings in
position by inserting short tubes between each, And holding all togather by passing
Iron Bolts through all.
IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO PERAMBULATOR-CARRIAGES
Year: 1884

page_text: I, WILLIAM JAMES RAE of Grimsbury in the Parish of Warkworth in the
County of Northampton Perambulator Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO PERAMBULATOR-CARRIAGES
to be as follows:-
The attachment of a Timepiece or clock constructively with the body part of
the Perambulator Vehicle or Carriage.
By cutting a hole in the said body part for the insertion of the Timepiece or
clock, and by means of a fixed Ring or Frame to the exterior of the said body part,
the Timepiece or clock is so secured to the said body part that the Dial is visible
on the outside of the said Perambulator Vehicle or Carriage.
The inside of the said Perambulator Vehicle or Carriage is so constructed, that
the seat, which is supported by fillets fixed to the body part, can be removed, or
can slide, and thus access to the Timepiece or clock is obtained for the purposes of
winding or regulating it, and for repairs.
The first novelty claimed is the combined construction of a Perambulator
Vehicle or Carriage for Infants with the attachment of a Timepiece or clock which
is externally visible.
The second novelty claimed is that the seat of the Perambulator Vehicle or
Carriage being secured by a brass lock, access to the Timepiece or clock can only
be had by the holder of the key.
"
The third novelty claimed is that the Timepiece or clock being part of the
Perambulator Vehicle or Carriage and visible on the outside thereof, is a public
utility.

page_text: I WILLIAM JAMES RAE of Grimsbury in the Parish of Warkworth in the
County of Northampton Perambulator Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO PERAMBULATOR CARRIAGES
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
The attachment of a Timepiece or clock constructively with the body part of the
Perambulator Vehicle or Carriage.
By cutting a hole in the said body part for the insertion of the Timepiece or
clock and by means of a fixed ring or frame to the exterior of the said body part
the Timepiece or clock is so secured to the said body part that the Dial is visible
on the outside of the said Perambulator Vehicle or Carriago.
The inside of the said Perambulator Vehicle or Carriage is so constructed that
the seat which is supported by Fillets fixed to the Body part can be removed or can
slide and thus access to the Timepiece or clock is obtained for the purposes of
winding or regulating it, and for repairs The letter A in the Drawing hereto 1
annexed points out or refers to the Timepiece.
B indicates the External Frame to the clock.
D
Frame or body of the carriage.
с
""
"
"
"
Sliding Seat closed.
E
"
"
Sliding Seat open.
F
"
33
"
23
H
"
; ; ཋ བྷ རྒྱུའ
"
➢;
"
Shutting, Joint to H.
Fillet to Sliding seat.
Part of the Seat Fixed.
Blocking to fix the clock to.
Partition enclosing clock.
Dall

page_text: C.
AN IMPROVED CONTRIVANCE FOR FASTENING THE BLADE OR BLADES OF CLASP KNIVES LANCETS AND OTHER INSTRUMENTS
Year: 1884

page_text: I HENRY CAWS WALLIS of 44 High Street Ryde in the Isle of Wight
Pawnbroker and Book Dealer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
AN IMPROVED CONTRIVANCE FOR FASTENING THE BLADE OR BLADES OF CLASP
KNIVES LANCETS AND OTHER INSTRUMENTS and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The knife blade has a shoulder partly circular (see A on the drawing of the
blade) in the shoulder is a groove (see B on the drawing of the blade) to receive
the bolt (see C on the drawing of the sliding bar) on the end of the sliding bar.
The knife handle has on one or both sides a groove (see D and E on the drawing
of the front of the handle No. 2) to receive the sliding bar (see the drawing of the
sliding-bar) the groove being deeper at the end of the handle (see D on the drawing
of the front of the handle No. 2) to receive the bolt (see C on the drawing of the
sliding-bar) on the end of the sliding bar the end of the knife handle is partly
circular (see F on the drawing of the side of the handle) the circle being continued
on the inside of the handle to allow the shoulder to revolve in opening and
shutting.
The sliding-bar has at one end a bolt (see C on the drawing of the sliding bar)
for fastening the blade of the knife on the front of the sliding-bar is a square stud
(see G on the drawing of the sliding-bar) for drawing the bolt in and out of the
groove (see B on the drawing of the knife blade) in the shoulder of the knife
blade to fasten and unfasten the knife blade.
The plate (see H on the drawing of the side of the handle also H on the
drawings of the front of the handle Nos. 1 and 2) which encloses the sliding-bar
has a slot (see I on the drawing of the side of the handle) to receive the square
stud (see G on the drawing of the sliding-bar) with which the bolt can be drawn.
in and out of the groove in the shoulder when fastening and unfastening the knife
blade.
The front of the knife handle has a flange (see J on the drawing of the front and
the side of the handle).
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
Firstly The blade on which is formed the partly circular shoulder A and
groove B for the purpose stated and as shewn in the drawings.

page_text: Secondly The handle with one portion F of its end circular to allow the
shouldered blade to open and shut.
Thirdly The sliding bar C and groove in the handle to receive it.
Fourthly The combination of the handle blade and bolt before mentioned to
form a complete knife as shewn in the drawings.
Fifthly The application of the improvements mentioned in the preceding claims
to ordinary clasp knives and all other knives with blades or other instrument
or instruments such as lancet dagger, screw-driver cork-screw, button hook
or saw at one or both ends also to simple lancets daggers saws and similar
instruments.
an IMPROVED HOLDER & DARK SLIDES TO BE USED THEREWITH FOR SENSITIVE PLATES
Year: 1884

page_text: I WILLIAM GRIFFITH HONEY of N° 3 High Street Devizes in the County of
Wilts Artist and Photographer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
an IMPROVED HOLDER & DARK SLIDES TO BE USED THEREWITH FOR SENSITIVE
PLATES and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The first part of my invention relates to ordinary cameras in which pictures are
produced on sensitized plates by exposure in the Camera, it consists of a moveable
Holder (A) with an opening in the centre to fit at back of the Camera having
grooves on one side to hold a single or double dark slide (B) containing the
sensitive plate or plates. The Holder may be used either vertically or horizontally.
On the reverse side are grooves for the focussing screen. The second part of my
invention consists of a separate dark slide (B) of tin (or it may be made of Wood,
Ebonite, Brass &c) with space at top to insert the plate or plates having grooves on
each side (C). A thin cover (D) is fitted over these plates to exclude the light,
another outer cover or lid (E) is fitted over this through which the slides (F)
work for exposing the plates (These slides may be made of Tin, Ferrotype
plates &c, The dark slide is filled with the sensitive plates (G) placing a piece of
paper or any thin opaque substance (H) between them after which a thin cover (D)
is placed over the mouth to exclude the light I then take the outer lid or cover (E)
containing the sliding parts these I insert in the grooves on the outside of the dark
slide I then slip down the lid and the plates are ready for exposing by drawing the
slides out in the ordinary way. By means of my improved Holder and dark slides
as above described, changing bags and also expensive dark slides having hinges are
entirely dispensed with. As the slides are the size of the plates they may be stored
away in very little space and being made of such thin material are very light.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The moveable frame in cameras for enabling the dark slides to be inserted
either vertically or, horizontally with an arrangement on (the reverse side for
focussing rereen.

page_text: 2. Dark slides with space at top for inserting the sensitive plates having grooves
on the outside into which the slides work for exposing as described.
3. Dark slides with space at top having a moveable lid through which the thin
slides for exposing the plates are inserted.
D0th Jan of October 1884
WILLIAM GRIFFITH HONEY,
3, High St., Devizes.
AN IMPROVED METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LAYING OUT COURTS FOR LAWN TENNIS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, THOMAS STICKNEY HOWIE of N° 19 Princes Street Hanover' Square, in the
county of Middlesex, Captain in the Royal Artillery do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LAYING OUT
COURTS FOR LAWN TENNIS " and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
My invention relates to a method of laying out courts for the game of lawn
tennis by means of measuring apparatus in the form of a tape specially arranged
and marked, so that the lines for dividing the ground into the required courts can
be marked with facility. I will explain the method and apparatus which I employ
referring to the accompanying drawing, shewing a plan of the ground divided as
required. I provide a tape which may be wound on a reel in the ordinary way,
and which is long enough to extend along one side B D, one end D C, and the
diagonal C B. It has a ring at each end, both these rings being put upon a peg
at B. It has also rings which are put on pegs at D and C, and it has a fifth ring Z,
to which I will hereafter refer. The tape is marked by cross lines of a certain
color such as red, to indicate the points HFKOQN which are marked off on
the ground. The tape is then shifted, so as to bring the two sides B D and DC
along the sides BA and AC keeping the diagonal B C without alteration; the
ring Z then comes on a peg at the point A and now a number of marks on the tape,
which, for the sake of distinction, should be blue or of a different color from those
previously mentioned, are used to set off the points M PLGE I which are marked
on the ground. The external periphery and all the intersecting points in it being
now marked, the cross and longitudinal lines are drawn on the ground, as shewn,
marking out the external courts and the internal courts and the line of the
net E F.
Although I have described the apparatus as consisting of a tape with cross marks,
it might obviously be in the form of a cord, with knots or with labels affixed to it
at the points to be marked off, or it might be a chain.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is-
1, The herein described method of laying out courts for lawn tennis, by stretching
a marked tape cord or chain first along two of the sides and a diagonal of the

page_text: rectangular area, and then along the other two sides and the same diagonal, and
marking off on the ground the external sides and the intersecting points for the
cross and longitudinal dimensions.
2, For laying out courts for lawn tennis, the use of a tape, cord, or chain,
provided with rings to engage on pegs at the angles and with two sets of marks
for intersection points along the sides of the rectangular area substantially as herein
described.