An Improvement in Gas Engines and other like Motors.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Jan., 1891
Complete Specification Left. 3rd Nov.. 1891-Accepted, 5th Dec., 1991
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in Gas Engines and other like Motors.
I, JAMES CARLING of Middlesbrough on Tees in the County of York
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
It relates to the mode of governing the speed of such engines. The ordinary
method heretofore employed may be best described by taking a particular case.
The valve which admits the gas to the cylinder has a spindle projecting downwards.
Immediately below the end of this spindle is an oscillating finger mounted on a
lever. The lever is actuated every alternate stroke of the piston by means of a
camb in such a way that when the engine is running slow the finger catches the end
of the valve spindle and opens the valve.
The finger however is capable of oscillating on a fixed centre and its oscillation
is caused by the rise and fall of the governor balls.
Thus when the engine is running too fast the action of the governor pushes the
point of the finger on one side so as to cause it to miss the end of the projecting
spindle, and consequently during one or more strokes the gas valve is closed until
the speed has slackened off. By this method therefore the supply of gas is an
intermittent one.
According to my invention the supply of gas is not intermittent, but continuous,
that is to say the cylinder receives a portion of gas at every alternate stroke, but
in larger or smaller quantities regulated by the speed of the engine, & the method
by which I accomplish this is as follows-
Instead of an oscillating finger I employ an oscillating quadrant, the outer edge
of which is excentric to the centre of oscillation. Thus when the engine is running
slow & the governor balls are down, the highest point of the quadrant comes
immediately under the valve spindle, & by the action of the camb on the lever, the
valve obtains the highest lift, but when the speed increases a lower part of the
quadrant comes in contact with the spindle & the lift of the valve is diminished.
Thus it will be seen that the cylinder is receiving more or less gas at every
alternate stroke, but in regulated quantities according to the speed of the
engine.
It will be understood that the mechanical details may be varied while still
retaining the essential feature of the excentric quadrant.
In addition also to gas engines, the invention may be applied to engines worked
by petroleum or other hydrocarbons.
20th day of December 1800
JAMES CARLING.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in Gas Engines and other like Motors.
I JAMES CARLING of Gloucester Street Middlesbrough on Tees in the County
of York, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates more particularly to an improvement in the means of
governing the speed of gas and other like engines. The ordinary method heretofore
The valve which
employed may be best described by taking a particular case.
admits the gas to the cylinder has a spindle projecting downwards. Immediately
below the end of the spindle is an oscillating finger mounted upon a lever. The
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page_text: lever is actuated every alternate stroke of the piston by means of a camb in such a
way that when the engine is running slow the finger catches the end of the valve
spindle and opens the valve.
The finger however is capable of oscillating on a fixed centre and its oscillation
is caused by the rise and fall of the governor balls.
Thus when the engine is running too fast the action of the governor pushes the
point of the finger on one side, so as to cause it to miss the end of the projecting
spindle and consequently during one or more strokes the gas valve is closed until
the speed has slackened off. By this method therefore the supply of gas is an
intermittent one.
According to my invention the supply of gas is not intermittent but continuous,
that is to say the cylinder receives a portion of gas at every alternate stroke, but in
larger or smaller quantities regulated by the speed of the engine. In order that
my invention may be properly understood, I herewith append a sheet of explanatory
drawings in which A. is an eccentric quadrant carried by the lever B. This
quadrant I substitute for the actuating finger above referred to, and I communicate
motion to it by a cam C. on the shaft D making one revolution to two of the engine
crank shaft. The governor E actuates the bell crank lever F which is coupled to
the quadrant A by the rod G. Fig. 3 shows an enlarged view of the gas inlet
valve and eccentric quadrant. When the engine is working to its greatest power,
the governor balls will be down and the highest point of the quadrant A will catch
the valve spindle H and open the gas inlet valve H to its highest point, and the
motor piston will draw in its maximum charge of gas. As the speed of the engine
increases the governor balls are raised and so alter the position of the quadrant A
that a lower point of it will strike the gas valve spindle and a smaller charge of
gas will be admitted to the cylinder. Should it ever happen that the speed of the
engine becomes unusually great the quadrant may be limited in length that it
misses striking the spindle altogether, so that the supply of gas is entirely cut off'
until the engine returns to its normal speed. In some cases I allow the same
quadrant to open the air valve as well as the gas valve. In other cases I use a
separate lever to actuate the air valve.
Having now described the nature of the said invention together with the best
method with which I am acquainted of carrying the same into practical effect,
I claim
The employment of a quadrant which is eccentric to the centre of oscillation
operating substantially in the manner and for the purpose hereinbefore described
and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 3rd day of November 1891.
JAMES CARLING.