A Combined Clay Sump or Pug-mill, Mixer and Brick Press for Press- ing Bricks, Slabs, Pipes, Retorts, Tiles, Peat Blocks and the like, and for Mixing Mortar, Concrete, Ores and the like.
Year: 1898

page_text: Complete Specification Left, 23rd Jan., 1899-Accepted, 18th Mar.,
1899
PHOTOIONAL DEVITICATION.
A Combined Clay Sump or Pug-mill, Mixer and Brick Press for Press-
ing Bricks, Slabs, Pipes, Retorts, Tiles, Peat Blocks and the like,
and for Mixing Mortar, Concrete, Ores and the like.
I, CARL SCHLICKEYSEN, of Rungestrasse 18, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows.
In the manufacture of bucks by machinery arrangements have frequently been
adopted by which the freshly dug material is brought from the clav pit to the
machine where, as a substitute for the sumping or pugging, it is prepared by a
mixer for the purpose of being uniformly wetted, and also, eather before or after
this operation, as may be necessary, it 18 allowed to pass through one or several
roller presses until it finally reaches the brick press This arrangement of a
number of separate self-contained machines, of which each passes on the material
which it receives to the next machine, to be further worked, without inter-
mission, has the objection that only a comparatively small amount of material
passes rapidly consecutively through these machines, so that any iegularity in
the supply thereof to the first machine only becomes apparent in the defective
final product as it is cut off at the last machine.
My invention has for its object to overcome this defect as I will describe with
reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figs 1 and 2 are vertical
sections, on planes at right angles to each other, of a clay sump or pug mill of
which Fig 3 18 a sectional plan; Fig. 4 is a vertical section of a modification
A. A¹A and A are the walls and A' is the bottom of the sump, which 18 of
the usual dimensions, that is to say from 2 to 6 meters wide, from 1 to 2 meters
deep and from 2 to 3 meters high. BB are the casings of horizontal brick
presses attached to the outside of one of the walls or at the bottom of the sump;
Bare pait continuations of the same passing into the interior of the sump and
partly open at the top to receive the material and partly coned downwards as
shown at D for the purpose of receiving the pressure of the kneading knives, of
causing the clay to pass downwards between the same and of preventing the
pressed clay from being forced upwards B and B are the brick press moulds
CC are the shafts of the brick press knives, being in this case passed through
the wall of the sump and the casing of the brick press and journelled outside the
sump, where they are rotated in the known manner, such as by the usual geal-
ing and driving belt
CC are the kneading and pressing knives on the shafts. DD are the mixer
shafts which pass through the back wall of the sump and are driven, like the
beforementioned shafts Č at their hinder ends while their fore-ends are situated
either within or without the sump DD are the pressing and mixing knives
on DD, these press the clay downwards, sideways or forwards. D D are lateral
protecting walls arranged as may be necessary parallel with the mixing shafts,

page_text: for the purpose, on the one hand, of forcing the clay to pass only downward
between the knives, and, on the other hand, of preventing the clay from being
thrust upwards between the mixing knives by the knives of the brick press
EE are wide steel bars thick in the centie but tapering to an edge at the
sides, these are capable of rotating in bearings either within or without the front
and back walls of the sump and are capable of being fixed in any desued position
by means of appropriate adjusting wheels When these bars are turned with
their edges at right angles to the bottom of the sump they allow all the clay to
fall between them from above on to the mixing knives beneath, which knives
then have to support the whole pressure of the clay resting upon them, at the
same time the clay cannot escape upwards between the mixing knives but will
be pressed sideways and downwards.
Should the weight of the column of clay on the mixing knives be too great,
the pressure can be diminished as may be necessary, by a partial rotation of the
bars EE. FF are thin steel gratings placed at a certain distance above EE and
passing through the front and back walls of the sump on the outside of which
they are supported on 1ollers F F and can be moved to a certain extent back-
wards or forwards by the lever F for the purpose of setting the clay above them
in motion when necessary These gratings are placed higher or lower and have
many or few longitudinal and transveise bais according to the stiffness or soft-
ness of the material to be worked, they serve the purpose of stopping large sized
foreign matter from passing into the machine and of preventing stoppages in
the sump by their movement
GG are appliances for putting the machinery in and out of action. HH is
the known form of roller press projecting from without through the wall of the
sump the bearings of the shafts and the driving wheel are outside; it will also
still act as an extruder if the upper or the lower roller be omitted and the one
alone be rotated BB are brick or tile press moulds B3 B3 B are press
moulds for bricks, pipes, tiles and the like without the provision of any other
expressing mechanism, than the mixing knives between or beneath which the
moulds are disposed in the front or side walls
Fig 4 shews in vertical section an arrangement in which bricks or pipes can
be expressed downwards through the bottom of the sump by arranging one or
more vertical brick pressing knife shafts vertically between the mixing shafts,
or the mixing knives can be omitted in which case the upper parts of the ver-
tical shafts are also provided with knives.
Such an apparatus as 18 herein described may be used for similarly mixing and
moulding substances other than brick-clay, for example, pent, or for merely
mixing such substances as mortar, concrete, ores, and the like
Dated this 6th day of June 1898
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
A Combined Clay Sump or Pug-mill, Mixer and Brick Press for Press-
ing Bricks, Slabs, Pipes, Retorts. Tiles, Peat Blocks and the like,
and for Mixing Mortar, Concrete, Ores and the like.
I, CARL SCHLICKEYSEN, of Rungestrasse 18, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner

page_text: the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
In the manufacture of bricks by machinery arrangements have frequently been
adopted by which the freshly dug, material is brought from the clay pit to the
machine where, as a substitute for the sumping or pugging. it is prepared by a
mixer for the purpose of being uniformly wetted and also, either before or after
this operation, as may be necessary, it is allowed to pass through one or several
1oller presses until it finally reaches the brick press.
This arrangement of a number of separate self contained machines, of which
each passes on the material which it receives to the next machine, to be further
worked, without intermission, has the objection that only a comparatively small
amount of material passes rapidly consecutively through these machines, so that
any irregularity in the supply thereof to the first machine only becomes apparent
in the defective final product as it is cut off at the last machine
My invention has for its object to overcome this defect as I will describe with
reference to the drawings accompanying my Provisional Specification in which
Figs. 1 and 2 are vertical sections, on planes at right angles to each other, of a
clay sump or pug mill of which Fig. 3 is a sectional plan; Fig 4 18 a vertical
section of a modification.
AAA and A³ are the walls and A4 18 the bottom of the sump, which is of
the usual dimensions, that is to say from 2 to 6 meters wide, from 1 to 2 meters
deep and from 2 to 3 meters high BB are the casings of horizontal brick
presses attached to the outside of one of the walls or at the bottom of the sump,
B are part continuations of the same passing into the interior of the sump and
partly open at the top to receive the material, the top being partly closed by guide
walls D, partly coned downwards as shewn, for the purpose of receiving the pres
sure of the kneading knives, of causing the clar to pass downwards between the
same and of preventing the pressed clay from being forced upwards B and B³
are the brick press moulds
CC are the shafts of the brick press knives, being in this case passed through
the wall of the sump and the casing of the brick-press and journulled outside the
sump, where they are rotated in the known manner, such as by the usual gear-
ing and driving belt
CC are the kneading and pressing knives on the shafts. DD are the mixer
shafts which pass through the back wall of the sump and are driven like the
before mentioned shafts C at their hinder ends while their fore-ends are situated
either within or without the sump D' D are the pressing and mixing knives
on DD, these press the clay downwards, side ways, or forwards D3 D are, as above
described, lateral protecting guide walls arranged as may be necessary parallel
with the mixing shafts, for the purpose, on the one hand, of forcing the clay to
pass only downward between the knives, and, on the other hand, of preventing
the clay from being thrust upwarde between the mixing knives by the knives of
the brick-press
EE are wide steel bars thick in the centre but tapering to an edge at the
sides; these are capable of rotating in bearings either within or without the front
and back walls of the sump and are capable of being fixed in any deured position
by means of appropriate adjusting wheels When these bars are turned with
their edges at right angles to the bottom of the sump they allow all the clay to
fall between them from above on to the mixing knives beneath, which knives
then have to support the whole pressure of the clay resting upon them, at the
same time the clay cannot escape upwards between the mixing knives but will
be pressed sideways and downwards.
Should the weight of the column of clay on the mixing knives be too great,
the pressure can be diminished as may be necessary, by a partial rotation of the
bars E E FF are thin steel gratings placed at a certain distance above EE and

page_text: passing through the front and back walls of the sump on the outside of which
they are supported on rollers FF1 and can be moved to a certain extent, back-
wards or forwards by the lever F for the purpose of setting the clay above them
in motion when necessary These giatings are placed higher or lower and have
many on few longitudinal and transverse bais according to the stiffness on soft-
ness of the material to be worked; they serve the purpose of stopping large sized
foreign matte from passing into the machine and of preventing stoppages in
the sump by then movement
HH is
GG are appliances for putting the machinery in and out of action
the known form of roller press projecting from without through the wall of the
sump, the bearings of the shafts and the driving wheel are outside, it will also
still act as an extrude if the upper or the lower roller be omitted and the one
alone be rotated. BB are brick or tile press moulds BBB are press
moulds for bricks, pipes, tiles and the like without the provision of any other
expressing mechanism, than the mixing knives between or beneath which the
moulds are disposed in the front or side walls
Fig 4 shews in vertical section an arrangement in which bricks or pipes can
be expressed downwards through the bottom of the sump by arranging one or
moie vertical brick pressing knife shafts vertically between the mixing shafts,
or the mixing knives can be omitted in which case the upper parts of the ver-
tical shafts are also provided with knives.
Such an apparatus as is herein described may be used for similarly mixing and
moulding substances other than brick-clay, for example, peat, or for merely
mixing such substances as mortar, concrete, ores, and the like.
Having now particularly desorbed and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same 18 to be performed, I declare that what I
claim 18:
1. A clay sump or pug mill within which are arranged rotatable mixing and
kneading knives or blades which have no surrounding casing and which on being
1otated seize the clay or other material fed into the mill and simultaneously mix
and knead the same and also force it downwards and outwards, substantially as
described.
2 In a clay sump or pug mill such as is referred to in the first claim, the
arrangement of suitably placed shafts C with mixing kneading and pressing blades
which are either entirely free or are partially surrounded by lateral enclosures B
or with parts thereof B₁, and which terminate either within the mill or outside
the same or in external enclosed brick-press cylinders, for the purpose of causing
the clay which has been seized and forced laterally or downward by preparatory
mixing shafts, to issue through suitable dies in the form of continuous bars,
substantially as described
3 In a clay sump or pug mill such as is referred to in the first and second
claims, the arrangement of single or pairs of rollers which in being rotated exter-
nally, seize the clay or other material as it is forced downward and both draw
and force it outward, substantially as described
4 In a clay sump or pug mill such as is referred to in the preceding claims,
the arrangement of protecting devices such as EE and FF above the preliminary
mixing blades for the purpose of regulating the pressure of the body of clay
situated above them, substantially as described