IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS SUITABLE TO GAS AND OIL STOVES
Year: 1885

page_text: SAMUEL DREWETT Gilder and Decorator 14 High Street Borough SE SAMUEL
POTTER HOWARD Inventor 51 Millman Street, Bedford Row we do hereby declare
the nature of our invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS SUITABLE TO GAS
AND OIL STOVES and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of our Invention is, to create or produce a greater amount of pure
heat, from a given quantity of Coal Gas, and Hydro Carbon Oils by the construction
of an apparatus or closed air chamber, by the use of which is secured more perfect
Combustion of Coal Gas and Hydro Carbon Oils, and we at the same time effectually
remove from the apartment in which the stoves are used, all the unconsumed particles
of Carbon, Carbonic oxide and deleterious Gases, and the objectionable smells which
have hitherto rendered the use of Gas and Oil Stoves objectionable for domestic
purposes in connection with the heating or warming of rooms. To effect the above
results, we construct an apparatus, or closed air chamber of Metal, with an air Tube
at each end of the chamber, communicating with the outer air before proceeding to
describe our Invention in detail by which we produce these results, and in order to
shew more clearly the nature of what we claim to have accomplished, we will first
state the improvements which are called for in the construction of Coal Gas and
mineral oil stoves upon economical and sanitary grounds. The supply of mineral
oil is practically unlimited it gives out a greater amount of heat, by combustion at a
less cost, than from any other source. An immense saving could be effected in every
household if there were no objections to its use. With the present construction of
stoves, the atmosphere of a room becomes tainted and oppressive, and a feeling
of nausea, is often experienced by those who come in from the open air, whilst it
is burning, the reason is obvious, in the decomposition of mineral oil by combustion,
a noxious product is given off, which is inhaled. With the burning of every 100 ft of
Coal Gas, there is exhaled upwards of 1 quart of liquid which contains Carbonic, Sul-
phuric and Sulphurous Acid, Iron and Ammonia. These products if allowed to escape
into a room, will endanger health, injure plant life, and destroy metallic surfaces.
ID 077

page_text: A most important scientific fact seems to have been overlooked by Inventors of
Stoves viz that with the most perfect arrangements for combustion, there are
poisonous products which are unconsumable, and unless they are taken out of a
room, it is impossible to keep it pure and wholesome. Most of the Gas and oil
stoves, as at present constructed, have numerous apertures in their upper part, for
the diffusion of heat, and for purposes of ornamentation, but they are in reality but
so many openings for the escape of impurity, and a source of waste for the heat,
which constantly rises towards the ceiling, instead of circulating in the lower part
of a room. It is a common experience to find people suffering from cold feet and
aching heads where Coal Gas and mineral oil stoves are in use, in order to remove
all these existing defects in Gas and oil stoves, we have constructed an air chamber
of metal with two air tubes, of different diameter, which are connected with the
outer air. It may be fixed at the back of any existing stove or form part of a new
one. The stove must not have more than two openings, one for the ordinary
purposes of combustion, and the other for the conveyance of the flames, and the
unconsumed products into the air chamber. When the stove is lit, the following
results are produced.
1st the flames and unconsumed products are driven into the air chamber, by an
induced current of air.
2nd perfect combustion is attained within the air chamber, by the plentiful of
oxygen which flows in from the outer air by means of the air passages.
3rd the heat is greatly intensified within the air chamber, by increased
combustion.
4th the unconsumed products are carried out of the room, by means of a
downward draught created by the special arrangement of air tubes.
5th the heat is greatly economized by radiation, from the outer surface of air
chamber, and air air tubes, and the lower part of the room is kept warmed.
6th the atmosphere of a room is kept pure and healthy, by means of the constant
current which is set up within the air chamber, which removes all deleterious gases,
and keeps up a supply of fresh air.
We may here remark, that as the conditions for the combustion of mineral oil, is
very different from that of gas, we allow for mineral oil one third greater distance
between the burner and the air chamber, and one third increase in the diameter of
air tubes. We do not confine ourselves to the exact shape or dimensions of air
chamber, or the length and diameter of air passages, as it will be readily understood
that modifications may be made to suit all the varied forms of stoves, and the
requirements of either a Chamber or a Conservatory, without in any degree
affecting the principle of the Invention. In order to make our said Invention
more thoroughly understood, we will proceed to refer to the annexed sheet of
drawings.
Fig. 1 shews a Gas Stove, with the flames from an ordinary Bunsen tube burner.
A shows the opening which leads into the air chamber.
Fig. 2 shews the front of air chamber, the same size and shape as the upper half
of Fig. 1. B shews the entrance of air chamber.
Fig. 3 shews back of air chamber. C C and E E shews two air tubes of differing
diameter, which lead from the air chamber to the outer air. The two arrows a a
indicate the supply of oxygen to the flames which are driven by the induced current,
through the opening A in Fig. 1 and B in Fig. 2. The two arrows bb indicate the
passage of the unconsumed products which are carried out of the air chamber, by
a'downward draught, to the outer air.
Having now particularly described, and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed or carried out in
practice, we hereby declare that we claim the invention of an improved apparatus
or air Chamber of Metal, and air tubes, so arranged, that all noxious gases, and

page_text: unconsumed products, arising from the combustion of Coal Gas and Mineral Oils,
are collected within the air chamber, and carried out of the room, in the way and
manner, herein set forth, and described, with the special advantage of increased
heat, and the economizing thereof, and the complete purification of the atmosphere
of à room, in the way and manner herein-before set forth and described.
In witness whereof, we the said Samuel Drewett, and Samuel Potter Howard
have hereunto set our hand and seal, this fourth day of November, in the
year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred, and eighty five.
SAMUEL DREWETT.
SAMUEL POTTER HOWARD.