Improvements in or relating to Washers for Bottle Stoppers.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Mar., 1896-Accepted, 11th Apr., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Washers for Bottle Stoppers.
I, CHRISTIAN HAMILTON GRAY of the Indiarubber, Guttapercha, and
Telegraph Works Company Limited, of Silvertown in the County of Essex,
Indiarubber Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates particularly to the indiarubber or similar washers used on
screw stoppers for bottles and other vessels and has for its principal object to
cheapen the cost of production of these washers by reducing the quantity of
material embodied in them, while at the same time improving their sealing
properties..
The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings
in which ;-
Figure 1 is an elevation of a screw bottle stopper with one form of the iniproved
washer shown in section,
Figure 2 is a section of the washer shown in Figure 1 apart from the stopper.
Figures 3 and 4 are sections of other forms of the washer, and
Figure 5 is a section of a washer as hitherto constructed.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
The washers hitherto used on screw bottle stoppers have in section generally
been of the rectangular form indicated in Figure 5; these, besides containing
considerably more material than is necessary for providing an efficient seal,
sometimes catch against the lip or neck of the bottle when being screwed in and
are thereby caused to curl up and become nipped and damaged so as to spoil their
sealing qualities.
The washers constructed according to this invention are wedge shaped or taper
in section as shown in Figs. 1 to 4 of the drawings; hereinafter they are referred
to as "conical washers," this expression being used to indicate that they are coned
at either the outside or inside or both; the surfaces need not necessarily be
straight but the entering edge should be of smaller diameter than the back edge.
The washer A shown in Fig. 2 has a cylindrical exterior surface and a conical
interior surface, that (A') shown in Fig. 3 a conical exterior surface and a
cylindrical interior surface, and that (A 2) shown in Fig. 4 has both its exterior
and interior surfaces conical.
The washers constructed according to my invention contain substantially about
half of the material contained in those of corresponding size used hitherto, indeed
the washers shown in Figures 2 and 3 could be formed by cutting or dividing into
two parts an ordinary washer on an inclined or diagonal line B Fig. 5, the outer
part forming the washer A Fig. 2 and the inner part the washer A' Fig. 3.
When the conical washer is placed on the stopper C as shown in Fig. 1 its
thicker edge A is adjacent to the stopper head C, the thinner edge preferably
tightly embracing the screwed stem so that when the stopper is inserted in a bottle
there is no projecting edge likely to engage with and be curled up by the lip or
neck of the bottle, consequently the washer will bear against the bottle uniformly
throughout its circumference.
These washers may be made in various ways as for example by moulding or
cutting from sheets or tubes.

page_text: I do not limit myself/to the precise shape of washer shown in the drawings nor
to indiarubber as the material of which they are to be made, nor their application
to screw stoppers only.
Having now, particularly described and. ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is ;-
1. A conical" washer for the purpose described.
2. The combination with a stopper of a" conical" washer substantially as
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
31.:
Dated this 9th day of March 1 1896.
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C. H. GRAY.
Boult & Wade,
Agents for the Applicant.