IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING VESSELS, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR RAISING OR FORCING WATER
Year: 1831

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 1, WILLIAM
HALE, of Colchester, in the County of Essex, Machanist, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth.
did, by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Thirteenth day of October, in the second year of His reign,
for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Hale, His especial licence, full power, sole priviledge and authority,
that I, the said William Hale, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said William Hale, my exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term
of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING
VESSELS, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR RAISING OR FORCING
WATER;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said
William Hale, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in
His said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Hale, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described and

page_text: ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference being had
to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon (that is to say):
My Invention consists in the enclosing of a certain kind or kinds of rotary
propeller or forcer within a scrole or volute box or case, whereby the water
entering into such box or case is driven by the propeller round the spiral side
of the box or case, and is discharged forceably through a tangential aperture,
and thus force or propel the boat or vessel forward in which such apparatus is
placed; and, secondly, such arrangements of propelling box or case, when fitted
with suitable pipes, are applicable to raising or forcing water or other fluids.
But in order that my Invention may be fully understood and carried into effect,
I will describe the Drawings hereunto annexed, in which the same letters of
reference indicate the same parts in all the Figures.
Fig. 1 is a section of my apparatus; a, a, being the box or case, the sides
of which continually diverge from the point a to b, in an excentric curve, the
distance from a to b, which is shown by the dotted line c, and is an open space,
which describes the width of the discharging aperture.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the box or case. d is an aperture through
which the water is admitted into the box or case. e is a cross bar, which
carries the end of the shaft or axle of the propeller f. This propeller f, shown
in its place in connection with the box in Fig. 1, and separately in perspective
in Figure 3, and is composed or consists of one diverging curved plate f affixed
to the plate g, at right angles or perpendicular, leaving a space i between the
two ends of the plate f. The axis or shaftj passes through the plate g, and is
strongly affixed thereto. The propeller constructed as above described is placed
within the box a, a, Fig. 2, the end j of the axle or shaft being supported and
carried in a bearing formed in the bar e; there is then to be a plate or cover
placed over the top of the box a, a, and the same tightly affixed thereto by screw
bolts and nuts, or by other means, the other end of the axle or shaft passing
through a stuffing box fixed on the last-mentioned plate or cover, to which end
of the shaft the power is communicated that gives motion to the propeller.
The apparatus thus constructed and arranged, and which I prefer to be made
of iron, though I do not confine myself to that material, I place in a boat or
vessel in such manner that the discharging aperture & passes through the stern
or after part of the vessel, whereby the water may be projected; and there being s
a corresponding opening through the bottom of the vessel to admit of the water
flowing into the box or case a at the aperture d to supply the action of the
propeller, I now proceed to describe its action; in doing which I should
observe, that rotary motion is to be communicated to the shaft j by means of a
k

page_text: crank, rigger, or wheelwork, to which the power, as steam, animal strength, or
any other first mover, is applied, and the following result takes place; that is
to say, the revolution of the propeller fin the direction of the arrow, see Fig. 1,
will give motion' to the water in the box a, a, the sides of which allows the
water thus put in motion to continually recede further and further from the
centre of motion, so that no particle at any instant of time is ever retained, at
the same distance from that centre; consequently a number of particles equal
to those acted upon by the propeller must be continually escaping at the aper-
ture k with the same velocity that the propeller is driven, (provided the propor-
tions of the volute box a, a, are not more contracted in relation to the propeller
than represented in Drawings,) and a like quantity will be continually passing
through the aperture d and space i in the propeller to keep up a perfect supply
for the full action of the propeller. A power thus communicated to the water
inside the box a, a, and allowed freely to escape from the aperture k through
the stern of the vessel, will react to propell the vessel or boat forward.
Fig. 4 shows another arrangement of the propeller, differing only from
that at Fig. 5 that the plate g, in place of being affixed to the outer edge of
the curved plate f, in this instance is placed in the middle thereof. In applying
this propeller, it is to be placed within the case a, Fig. 2, in like manner to
that already described; but the covers of the case a are to have each of them an
opening at d for the admission of water; in other respects the action is the same.
Fig. 5 shows another arrangement of the propeller, and consists of four
curved plates set outwards from a given circle, as will be seen in the Drawing;
these curved plates f, f, are strongly affixed to a pláte gin.a. similar manner to
those already described, and through this plate g there is a shaft or axis passes
as before described; and this description of propeller is placed in a similar
box or case a, a, as already described, and the rotation of the shaft, and conse-
quently the propeller, in the direction of the arrow, will produce a like result.
Fig. 6 shows another arrangement of the propeller, and consists of three flat
plates or boards affixed tangential to a given circle, 'in the manner before
described with reference to the curved plates f in Fig. 5; by this arrangement
a similar effect will be produced, and it will be evident from the nature of
arrangement, with reference to Figs. 5 and 6, that the number of the curved
or flat plates may be varied without departing from my Invention, provided the
same proportions are observed.
Having now described the manner of constructing my Invention, and the
application to the propelling of vessels, I will now proceed to describe its appli-
cation for the purpose of raising and forcing water or other fluids.
In this application of the apparatus to the part k is to be affixed the pipe

page_text: through which the water is to be forced in any direction it may be required,
and the box or case a is to be placed in a well or other reservoir, either in a
horizontal or vertical position, and by means of a crank or wheelwork rotary
motion is to be communicated to the propeller f, which will force the water
through the opening k into the pipe which is to convey it in any direction; or,
in place of fixing the case in the water or other fluid, there may be a suction
pipe affixed at the opening d, and descending into the well or other reservoir,
having a common valve opening inwards; by this arrangement, when the box
or case and the suction pipe have been filled with water or other fluid, the revo-
lution of the propeller will drive the same through the opening k, to which
there may or may not be a conducting pipe for conveying the water to any
desired place, and at the same time as the water is forced out at the
opening k there will be a constant flow of water up the suction pipe into the
case or box a.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that what I claim
as my Invention is the constructing the apparatus so that the propellers f may
freely revolve within a box or case, the form of which is a continually diverging
curve, as above described, when such propellers and boxes or cases are applied
to the purposes of propelling vessels, or for raising or forcing water or other
fluids, as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Hale, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Thirteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-two.
WILLIAM (L.S.) HALE.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Thirteenth day of April, in the
year of our Lord 1832, the aforesaid William Hale came before our said Lord
the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the
Statuto mode for that purpose.
Inrolled the Thirteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-two.