Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Sept., 1887
Complete Left, 15th June, 1888
Complete Accepted, 20th July, 1888
I, OLIVER IMRAY of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows :-
This invention relates to the construction and arrangement of that compartiment
of refrigerating apparatus in which the volatile liquid employed is subjected to
evaporation, producing cold which refrigerates brine or other uncongealable liquid
surrounding the evaporating compartment. The object in view is to obtain a
maximum of cooling effect from the charge of volatile liquid. It is found that the
greatest cold is produced by conduction from that part of the compartment which is
occupied by the liquid undergoing evaporation, the apparatus is therefore according
to this invention arranged so as to give that portion of the compartment a large con-
ducting surface, in the following manner.
From two horizontal cylindrical vessels connected together by pipes at their ends,
a number of U tubes extend down into the brine, each U tube communicating by its
upper limbs with the two vessels. All the U tubes are tied together by metal
strips extending the whole length of their straight sides, each strip soldered along its
edges to two contiguous U tubes. The vessels and tubes are charged with volatile
liquid in sufficient quantity to fill the U tubes and nearly half the cylindrical vessels
above, leaving in these spaces for vapour; then, on subjecting these spaces to exhaust,
evaporation goes on, the U tubes withdrawing heat from the brine surrounding them
The U tubes and the strips connecting them are made of metal of good conductivity
such as copper.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: I, OLIVER IMRAY, of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the construction and arrangement of that compartment
of refrigerating apparatus in which the volatile liquid employed is subjected to
evaporation, producing cold, which refrigerates brine or other uncongealable liquid
surrounding the evaporating compartiment. The object in view is to obtain a
maximum of cooling effect from the charge of volatile liquid.
It is found that the greatest cold is produced by conduction from that part of the
compartment which is occupied by the liquid undergoing evaporation; the apparatus
is therefore according to this invention arranged so as to give that portion of the
compartment a large conducting surface in the following manner.
From two horizontal cylindrical vessels connected together by pipes at their ends a
number of U tubes extend down into the brine, each U tube communicating by its
upper limbs with the two vessels. All the U tubes are tied together by metal strips
extending the whole length of their straight sides, each strip soldered along its edges to
two contiguous U tubes. The vessels and tubes are charged with volatile liquid in
sufficient quantity to fill the U tubes and nearly half the cylindrical vessels above,
leaving in these, spaces for vapour; then on subjecting these spaces to exhaust,
evaporation goes on, the U tubes withdrawing heat from the brine surrounding them.
The U tubes and the strips connecting them are made of metal of good conductivity
such as copper.
The accompanying drawing shews the construction of the above described apparatus
which it is preferred to employ; Fig. 1 shews a side view of the apparatus, Fig. 2 an
end view, Fig. 3 a cross section, Fig. 4 a plan, and Fig. 5 is a horizontal section of
the tubes shewing how they are connected together by metal bands.
A A are two cylinders serving as collectors and vapour chambers, to the undersides
of which are fixed the pendant Ü tubes B, one limb of each U tube being fixed to each
tube A so that these are connected with each other through the U tubes and consequently
the volatile liquid stands at the same level in both. The fixing of the U tubes to the
tubes A is by preference effected by means of sockets C which are brazed on the
tubes A, and into which the tubes B are soldered, whereby a perfectly gas tight joint
between the two sets of tubes is insured, while any one or more of the B tubes can be
unsoldered and removed without affecting the joints of the others.
For increasing the conducting surface with which the vapour is in contact, and to
assist in producing an equilibrium of pressure in all parts, the ends of the tubes A are
connected together by means of bent tubes D, and in order to increase the conducting
surface of the tubes B without increasing their internal capacity, they are connected
together by means of copper bands E which are carefully soldered to them and serve
for the transmission of caloric as much as the tubes B themselves.

page_text: The above described construction and arrangement has in addition the advantage
of preventing the rupture of the tubes through freezing in case the agitation of the
non-congealable liquid should be interrupted from any cause.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
The use in refrigerating apparatus of a combination of two horizontal tubes such
as A, connected at their ends by bent tubes, such as D, and at their lower sides by
pendant shaped tubes, such as B, these being secured by soldering to sockets E
brazed on the tubes A, and being also connected with each other by conducting bands E,
substantially as and for the purpose herein described.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.