Improvement in Methods of Treating Heated Liquid Wastes, and Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1891

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Methods of Treating Heated Liquid Wastes, and
Apparatus therefor.
I, ELIU NELSON, of 11 Wall Street, in the City, County and State of New
York, United States of America, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for IMPROVEMENT IN METHODS OF TREATING HEATED LIQUID
WASTES AND APPARATUS THEREFOR, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
In manufacturing and other establishments in which steam machinery is employed
the hot waste water and partially-condensed steam which is derived from the leakage
of steam-pipes, valves, cylinder-cocks, and the like, more or less mingled with oily
lubricating material, which wastes collectively are termed "drips," have usually
been collected by means of suitable branch pipes and conveyed into a main "drip-
pipe," by which these and other similar waste liquids are discharged into a sewer
or other convenient place for their disposal.
Under some conditions-and this is more especially the case in large cities-the
presence of heated liquid wastes in the sewers is very objectionable, particularly
when these are charged, as they usually are, with a considerable proportion of oily
or greasy matter.
The object of my invention is to provide a convenient automatically-acting
apparatus, whereby the oleaginous components of the waste liquids may be con-
tinuously and effectually separated and the contained heat may also be extracted
therefrom and utilized-as, for example, by transferring it to the feed-water which
supplies the boilers from which the heat was originally derived.
In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic representation of a
simple form of apparatus embodying the main principles of my invention, while
Fig. 2 is a similar but somewhat more elaborate organization, which may preferably
be employed in case the volume of liquid to be treated is considerable or the
proportion of oily matter is unusually great.
Referring to Fig. 1, a a a are branch waste-pipes leading from engines, boilers,
steam-heating apparatus, and the like, which are supposed to be situated in different
parts of a large building or group of buildings. These branches are united
together to form a main drip-pipe A, which descending is turned up to enter the
bottom of a closed metallic vessel B, within which it rises vertically and terminates
at a height equal to, say, two-thirds (more or less) of the distance from the bottom
to the top of the vessel. The vessel B, which may be termed an "extractor," is
fitted with a second pipe D, leading out from it near its bottom, which may be
termed an "eduction-pipe," and which for any required portion of its length is
inclosed within an outer pipe G, the two thus forming a two-chambered pipe, one
of its chambers being within the pipe D and the other between the pipe D and the
pipe G, and separated from each other by the heat-conducting partition formed by

page_text: the walls of the first-named pipe.
This two-chambered pipe may be of any
required length, as hereinafter shown. For the sake of convenience and economy
of space, it may with advantage be made in several parallel short lengths, both
the inne and outer sets of pipe being respectively connected together alternately
at each end, as shown in the drawings. After passing through the length of the
larger pipe G the smaller pipe D enters, through a valve, the pipe E, which is
continuous with it, and the office of which is to discharge the waste liquids into the
sewer, or to convey them to some point where they may be otherwise disposed of.
The pipe E is so curved that a trap is formed behind its upward bend, by which
the level of the hot liquid in the extractor B is maintained at or near the level
shown by the dotted line a.
The cold-water-supply pipe from which the boiler is fed enters at F, the cold
water flowing in the direction indicated by the arrow. It passes into the pipe G at
the same end of the double-chambered portion at which the pipe D passes out, and
thence flows through the whole length of each successive section of the pipe.G,
passing out finally into the pipe H which leads to the boiler.
It will be understood from the description which has been given that the heated
liquid waste collected in the drip-pipe A, being held back by the trap, will
accumulate in the extractor B until it reaches the level of the dotted line. While
the liquid remains standing in this receptacle its greasy and oily constituents,
being of less specific gravity than the water, will separate themselves therefrom
and rise to the upper portion of the vessel, from which they may be withdrawn
from time to time by means of the oil-cock C. By this means the clogging of the
pipes of the cooling-chamber due to the deposition of oily matter, which would
otherwise cause great inconvenience, is avoided.
It is important that the connections of the double chambered pipe should be made
substantially as shown in the drawings, so that a continuous flow of cold water will
take place in one of these chambers, preferably the onter one, in one direction,
while a continuous flow of hot water shall enter the inner chamber and flow in
the opposite direction. The result of this process is that a continuous transfer of
heat takes place through the heat-conducting partition from the waste water to the
cold water, which passes through the feed-pipe to the boiler, or may be utilized in
any other convenient manner, so that by the time the waste water reaches its outlet
at e it has been reduced to the same temperature as the cold water, which enters the
system near the same point, and may then be discharged into the sewer without
objection.
When the quantity of waste liquid to be treated is very great or its temperature
is high or it is heavily charged with oily constituents, the apparatus shown in Fig. 2
may be employed with advantage. In this organization the drip-pipe A enters the
receptacle B near the bottom, and its upwardly-extending end is preferably pro-
vided with an enlargement b closed at the upper end, but provided with horizontal
perforations 63, through which the hot liquid reaches the interior of the receptacle B.
This permits the steam which is sometimes mixed with the hot water, to expand
and become condensed, and thence to escape into the receptacle B without agitating
the surface of the liquid contained therein. The enlarged end of the pipe b is
preferably provided with an annular cup e, which serves to catch any oil which may
tend to creep down the exterior of the pipe and to collect the same in aggregations,
which soon detach themselves and float to the surface.
The outlet of the receptacle B through the pipe D passes through a portion of
the cooling-chamber, (one length, as shown in Fig. 2, being usually sufficient,) from
whence it enters at k into the interior of a second extractor J through perfora-
tions. This receptacle is preferably closed at the top, and is fitted with an
oil-cock j, a blow-off cock ¹, by which it may be emptied of its contents, and a
plug, closing an opening, through which sediment may be removed from the
bottom of the vessel.
In passing through the section of pipe D the hot liquid is partially cooled, and

page_text: is therefore in condition to more readily part with the small portion of its oily
components which may remain after passing the extractor B.
These oleaginous
constituents having been thoroughly separated the waste water enters the pipe D',
passing through the remaining portion of the cooling-chamber and thence to the
place where the wastes are disposed of at the left of the drawings, as indicated by
the arrows.
The hot-water pipe may with advantage be provided with a blow-off cock at d and
the cold-water pipe with a similar cock at h, for the purpose of emptying them of
their contents when necessary.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
:--
1. The method, substantially as herein before set forth, of treating hot waste
liquids, which consists in extracting the oleaginous constituents therefrom by the
action of gravity in a suitable receptacle and then cooling the remaining
liquid by passing it through an elongated chamber, separated by a heat-conducting
partition from a current of cold liquid passing in an opposite direction there-
through.
2. The combination of the drip-pipe, the extractor, the boiler-feed pipe, and the
eduction-pipe leading from the extractor, enclosed within and extending longi-
tudinally through the feed-pipe toward the direction from which said feed-pipe
received its supply.
3. The combination, with the extractor, of a cooling apparatus consisting of a
double-chambered pipe, and connections whereby the heated liquid flowing from the
separator is caused to circulate through one chamber of said pipe in one direction
while a cold liquid is caused to circulate in an opposite direction through the other
chamber.
4. The combination of the drip-pipe, the extractor, the cold-water pipe, and an
eduction-pipe leading from the extractor which is inclosed within and extends
longitudinally through the cold-water pipe.
5. The combination of a cooling apparatus consisting of a two-chambered pipe
provided with connections whereby heated liquid is caused to circulate through
one of its chambers in one direction, while cold liquid is caused to circulate
through the other chamber in the opposite direction, with a drip-pipe, and an
extractor constructed substantially as described, when said extractor is so
situated that the hot liquid enters it after having traversed one section of a
cooling-chamber and when discharged therefrom traverses another section of said
chamber.
6. The combination of a cooling apparatus consisting of a two-chambered pipe
provided with connections whereby heated liquid is caused to circulate through one
of its chambers in one direction, while cold liquid is caused to circulate through the
other chamber in the opposite direction, with two independent extractors constructed
substantially as described, when, one of said extractors is so situated that the hot
liquid passes through it before traversing the first section of a cooling-chamber, and
the other extractor is so situated that said liquid enters it after having traversed
said section and after being discharged from the second extractor traverses another
section of said chamber.
7. The combination, with the drip-pipe, of the extractor formed of a receptacle
surrounding the inwardly-extending upper end of said drip-pipe, the closed end of
said pipe, the perforations therein, and the oil-cock at or near the top of said closed
vessel.
8. The combination, with the drip-pipe, of an extractor formed of a receptacle
surrounding the inwardly-extending upper end of said drip-pipe, the enlarge-
ment of said pipe within said vessel having a closed end, and the perforations
therein.

page_text: 9. The combination, with the drip-pipe, of the extractor formed of a receptacle
surrounding the inwardly-extending upper end of said drip-pipe, the closed end
of said pipe, the perforations therein, and the annular oil-cup surrounding
said pipe.
11
البيد
1
F. W. BARKER,
Applicant's Agent.