Improvements in Disinfecting Apparatus.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Disinfecting Apparatus.
I, PETER SHARP HYSLOP, of 5 Clarence Villas, Walmer, in the County of
Kent, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows, that is to say :-
This invention has for its objects the disinfecting of refuse liquids or liquids
containing infectious refuse of various kinds and is also in part applicable for
disinfecting clothes, hedding, and the like.
The improved apparatus comprises a steam boiler, a receptacle or primary
receiving vessel, a disinfecting vessel or disinfector, and various connecting pipes,
stopcocks and details. The receptacle is a closed vessel into which the infectious
liquid is first led, and vapors or gases are led from it by a pipe into the ashpit of
the boiler furnace. The disinfector which is also a closed vessel is made of ample
strength to withstand the highest pressure generated in the steam boiler. For the
purpose of transferring the liquid from the receptacle into the disinfector, a partial
vacuum is formed in the latter by displacing any air or gas in it with steam from
the boiler, and subsequently condensing the steam by water spray. Then on the
proper stopcocks being opened and others closed, the liquid is sucked into the
disinfector by the action of the partial vacuum. Next steam is admitted into
the disinfector until its contents acquire a suitable disinfecting temperature, which
may be shown by a thermometer or gauge or both. The contents of the disinfector
are discharged when it is considered that they have been sufficiently operated on
and the cycle of operations is repeated with a further quantity of the infectious
liquid. Rotating mixers or pulverisers may be applied in the receptacle or
disinfector or both.
For disinfecting clothes bedding and the like a completely closed chamber is
employed. and the air or a large portion of it is withdrawn from the chamber by
means of what is herein before described as the disinfector, after which steam is
admitted.
uch daw at March 1896
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.
Improvements in Disinfecting Apparatus.
1, PETER SHARP HYSLOP, of 5, Clarence Villas, Walmer, in the County of
Kent, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, that is to say :-
This invention has for its object the disinfecting of refuse liquids or liquids
containing infectious refuse of various kinds.

page_text: Then on the
The improved apparatus comprises a steam boiler, a receptacle or primary
receiving vessel, a disinfecting vessel or disinfector, and various connecting pipes
stopcocks and details. The receptacle is a closed vessel into which the infectious
liquid is first led, and vapors or gases are led from it by a pipe into the ashpit of
the boiler furnace. The disinfector which is also a closed vessel is made of ample
strength to withstand the highest pressure generated in the steam boiler. For the
purpose of transferring the liquid from the receptacle into the disinfector, a partial
vacuum is formed in the latter by displacing any air or gas in it with steam from
the boiler, and subsequently condensing the steam by water spray.
proper stopcocks. being opened and others closed the liquid is sucked into the
disinfector by the action of the partial vacuum. Steam jets may be employed
instead of the vacuum to effect the same results. Next, steam is admitted into the
disinfector until its contents acquire a suitable disinfecting temperature which may
be shown by a thermometer or gauge or both. The contents of the disinfector are
discharged when it is considered that they have been sufficiently operated on, and
the cycle of operations is repeated with a further quantity of the infectious liquid.
Rotating mixers or pulverisers may be applied in the receptacle or disinfector
or both.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing the same
may be properly understood I hereunto append a sheet of explanatory drawings, to
be hereinafter referred to, and showing my improved apparatus.
Figure, 1, of the drawings is a plan, and Figure, 2, is a sectional side elevation
of the apparatus.
In these drawings the same reference letters and numerals are used to mark the
same or like parts wherever they are repeated.
Sewage or other infectious liquid is admitted to the receptacle or tank, A, by
the pipe, A 1, and when a sufficient quantity of it has collected (this being indicated
by an index not shown) it is subjected to the action of rotating mixers, A 2, within
the tank. The rotating mixers, A 2, are gratings of flat rectangular shape and
they are fast on vertical shafts, A 3, which are driven by means of a series of bevil
wheels, A 4, and chain-wheels, A 5, from a shaft, A 6, driven by hand or by any
suitable motor. On the infectious liquid being sufficiently dealt with by the
mixers, A 2, air in the disinfector, B, is then driven out by steam admitted from
the boiler, C, through a pipe, B 1, and valve, B 2. The liquid in the tank, A, then
flows through an opening controlled by a valve, A 7, to a heat exchanging tank D.
placed below the receptacle or tank, A, and thence by a pipe, D 1, and valve, D2,
to a grating, D3, in a pipe, D4. Steam jets issuing from pipes, D 5, propel the
infectious liquid along the pipe, D4, the pipes, D 5, being connected one above
and one below the centre on opposite sides of the pipe, D4, in a manner to cause
the liquid to rotate and impinge against the grating, D3, for the purpose of
pulverising any solid matter not broken up by the mixers, A 2. The liquid after
being driven through the grating, D3, is made by the steam to enter the
disinfector, B, through an internal pipe, B 3, and when the disinfector is nearly
full valves, B 2, and D2, are closed, and valve, B4, is opened admitting steam by
a pipe, B5, to the disinfector until its contents have been raised to a proper
disinfecting temperature, this being indicated by a gauge, E, and by a thermometer
(not shown) fixed to the disinfector. The temperature should be at least
212 degrees, Fahrenheit, but preferably somewhat higher. The valve, B4, is
then closed and a valve, G, on a pipe, G1, is opened and the foul gases boiling out
the charge escape thereby to the furnace ashpit. When the foul gases have been
sufficiently boiled out and destroyed the valve, G, is closed and valves, B 2, and, H,
are opened, the valve, B 2, admitting steam above the charge aud the valve, H, to
allow of its being discharged by a pipe, H 1, into a copper coil, J, within the heat
exchanger, D, where it is cooled by warming the next charge of sewage anl it is
finally expelled by a succeeding charge through the pipe, J 1, to a settling tank
from which it may be discharged into any sewer or stream.
Should the sewage
injected into the disinfector, B, by the steam jets be too warm to condense all the

page_text: steam admitted to the disinfector to eject the air, water may be admitted from
the pipe, K, by opening the valve, K 1, to effect complete condensation. On the
complete discharge of the infectious liquid from the disinfector, B, the valve, H, is
closed and the cycle of operations described is repeated.
As the ingoing charge of sewage is to a certain extent heated in the heat
exchanger, D, by the outgoing charge within the coil, J, foul gases are evolved
therefrom, and pass upwards through the valve, A 7, to the tank, A, whence they
escape by a pipe, A8, to the furnace ashpit this pipe having a jet of steam
admitted to it through the pipe, L, to act as a blast and, by reducing the pressure
in the tank below atmospheric pressure prevent leakage therefrom of foul gases.
On the discharge pipe, H 1, a trap, H 2, is provided for ascertaining, by the
bubbling of the steam past the rib of the trap when the complete discharge of the
disinfector, B, is effected.
When the apparatus is used in connection with an isolation hospital or the like,
it may, if the hospital is empty, be idle for a period. In this case the tank, A,
and heat exchanger, D, are emptied and the tank is washed down by water from a
perforated pipe, M, regulated by a valve. A valve, N, on the pipe, A 8, is then
closed and valves, B 4, and D 2, are opened to admit steam into the tank and sewers
in order to effect their disinfection.
Expansion joints, P, are provided in connection with the inlet pipe, D 1, and
outlet pipe, H 1, of the heat exchanger, D, to moderate strains in the apparatus due
to changes of temperature, and provision is made for allowing the coil, J, to be
withdrawn from the heat exchanger for cleansing or other purposes.
The boiler is provided with a hopper, Q, communicating with the furnace, this
hopper being for receiving and drying hospital refuse previous to burning it.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The improved disinfecting apparatus, comprising a steam boiler, a closed
receptacle or primary receiving vessel having internal rotating mixers, and a
closed disinfecting vessel, these vessels being connected together by pipes, stop
valves and other parts and being arranged and combined substantially in the
manner and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
Dated this Sixteenth day of December 1896.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.