IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, PAPIER MÂCHÉ, AND MILLBOARD
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Drew, the elder, of No. 2, Derby Villa,
Tranmere Park, Birkenhead, Merchant, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, PAPIER MÂCHÉ, AND MILLBOARD."
Sealed the 25th November 1864, and dated the 30th May 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Drew at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th May 1864.
I, THOMAS DREW, the elder, of No. 2, Derby Villa, Tranmere Park,
Birkenhead, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, PAPIER MÂCHÉ, AND MILLBOARD,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of
paper, papier mâché, and millboard, and consists in the application of
materials not hitherto used in such manufactures..
These materials are as follows:-Eriophorum vaginatum, hares tail cotton
grass; eriophorum polystichion, broad leaved cotton grass; eriophorum augus-
tifolium, common cotton grass; bryum ventricosum, swelling bog moss;
which are indigenous to the United Kingdom.
These materials are reduced in a paper engine in the ordinary manner, and
used alone or in combination with other ordinary materials in the manu-
facture of paper, papier mâché, and millboard.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Drew in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
30th November 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
DREW, the elder, of No. 2, Derby Villa, Tranmere Park, Birkenhead,
Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Thomas Drew, Her special licence that I, the said Thomas
Drew, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Thomas Drew, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time, and at all
times thereafter during the term thèrein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, PAPIER MICHÉ, AND MILL-
BOARD," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Drew,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under ny, or
their, or one of their bands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Drew, do hereby declare tho
maturo of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, that is to sny :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of
paper, papier maché, and millboard, and consists in the application of the
materials not hitherto used in such manufactures.
These materials are as follows:-Eriophorum vaginatum (hares tail cotton
grass); eriophorum polystichion (broad leaved cotton grass); eriophorum
augustifolium (common cotton grass); bryum ventricosum (swelling bog
moss); which are indigenous to the United Kingdom.
These materials are reduced in a paper engine in the ordinary manner, and

page_text: used alone or in combination with other ordinary materials, in the manu-
facture of paper, papier maché, and millboard.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.
The materials are first boiled in river water for about two hours, or they
are placed in boiling water, or in the alkaline solution hereafter mentioned,
and allowed to soak for about twelve hours without continuing the application
of heat. Or an alkaline solution may be employed and the materials boiled
therein for about one hour. The solution I have used is at the rate of about
one pound of carbonate of soda to four gallons of water.
The materials should be well stirred when treated as above, and afterwards
they should be well washed to remove any foreign matters and color. If the
fibres in any case have not separated well, the process of boiling or soaking
may be continued, or the alkaline solutions varied. The fibres thus obtained
are then to be reduced in a paper engine and rendered into pulp, as is well
understood. These materials may be used alone or combined in any pro-
portions with other paper-making materials.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Drew, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.