AN IMPROVED HORSE COLLAR."
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Hector Auguste Dufrené, of No. 10, Rue de la
Fidélité, Paris, in the Republic of France, and 4, South Street,
Finsbury, London, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, for the In-
vention of "AN IMPROVED HORSE COLLAR."-A communication from
Monsieur Jacob Laurent Dauner, residing at No. 16, Rue Meslay,
Paris in the Republic of France.

page_text: The bow is arranged so as to be jointed at the withers, and is fastened
by means of a pin to the breast leather. The arch of the bow is formed
in two pieces, on which are jointed two other pieces, the upper ex-
tremities of which carry the guide rings, which serve at the same time
as set screws for regulating the joint opposite the shoulder blade of the
horse. Two other pieces are jointed to the four pieces herein-before
described, and carry the drawing hooks. The whole thus forms an ex-
tendible collar.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Hector Auguste Dufrené in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 4th August 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HECTOR
AUGUSTE DUFRENÉ, of No. 10, Rue de la Fidélité, Paris, in the Republic
of France, and 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Civil Engineer and
Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Hector Augusto Dufrené, Her
special licence that I, the said Hector Auguste Dufrené, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Hector Auguste
Dufrené, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"AN IMPROVED HORSE COLLAR," (a communication from Monsieur Jacob
Laurent Dauner, a person resident No. 16, Rue Meslay, Paris, in the
Republic of France,) upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Hector Auguste Dufrené, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within

page_text: six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Hector Auguste Dufrené, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereto
annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to
say:
This Invention consists in the construction of an improved horse collar,
which will fit more truly to the shape of the horse than those hitherto
constructed, and will also serve for horses of different sizes..
Horse collars are generally constructed of two pieces jointed together
over that part of the horse called the withers, and fastened under the
neck or at the breast, or the collar is made of one piece. These collars
are made of leather, stuffed and provided with a kind of wooden or
hoop-iron bow, the flat part of which is placed parallel to the horse's
neck.
The bow constructed according to this Invention has this great
advantage for the horse; of yielding to all the contractions of his
muscles, of embracing or fitting closely against him in all his move-
ments, and thus permitting the horse to utilise all his strength without
hurting him and without confining his respiration, his muscular con-
tractions not being prevented from free play, as the joint of the improved
bow produces its effect only up to the breast, and thus prevents tho
collar rising. It has besides this advantage over other bows, that should
the collar not be of the exact size this defect would be rectified by its
mobility.
To make the Invention communicated to me better understood I will
proceed to describe the same by reference to the annexed Drawing,
which shews the improved jointed, adjustable, and opening bow (the
mode of stuffing being the same as usual).
Figure 1 represents a front view of the improved bow, and Figure 2 a
side view of same.
This improved bow is constructed so as to admit of being opened in
halves by being jointed at the point a, a pin b effecting the closing;
c, curve or arch of the withers; d, curve or arch for the breast.

page_text: This improved bow is made entirely of iron, but steel, leather, or brass
may also be employed. The arch for the withers is formed of two
pieces e, e', jointed one over the other on the bolt a, the head of which
forms the upper projection f; 9, 9', iron pieces jointed on the pieces e, e',
at the points h, h¹; i, ¹, pieces connected at the points h, h¹, to the
piéces e, e¹, g, g¹, by means of a rivet or a screw nut. k, k², piece con-
necting the pieces i, , to the pieces g, g¹, on which are mounted, fixed
or moveably, the draw staples or hooks m, m². The pieces e, e¹, 9, 9¹, i, i¹,
are shewn flatwise, Figure 1, and in side view Figure 2. P, small chain
ring. q, q, guide rings and set screws for regulating the joint of the
collar in front of the shoulder blade of the horse as may be required.
The improved bow has the advantage of admitting of being repaired
with little expense of time and labour, it being merely necessary to
unsew the lining at the part to be repaired to remove the screw or rivet
and adapt the piece to be changed.
The collars can be made lighter by employing the iron flatwise, as
shewn in Figure 1, or by covering the face of the bow with a kind of
planking before stuffing it, as shewn at Figure 2. I then furnish the bow
either for the closed collar or for the open collars.
In making the closed collar I employ the joint a, as also the pin b, :
which serves to form the joint.
Having now described the nature of the Invention communicated to
me, and the best means I am acquainted with for carrying the same into
effect, what I claim is, the improved construction of a jointed adjustable
opening bow or arch, herein-before described, forming the interior of
horses' collars.
In witness whereof, I, the said Hector Auguste Dufrené, have
hereto set my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of July,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.