IMPROVEMENTS IN APPA- RATUS FOR ELEVATING OR OTHERWISE TRANSMITTING GRAIN AND OTHER GRANULAR SUBSTANCES
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Fosbery Lyster, Engineer, of Liverpool, in
the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPA-
RATUS FOR ELEVATING OR OTHERWISE TRANSMITTING GRAIN AND OTHER
GRANULAR SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 5th May 1863, and dated the 10th November 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Fosbery Lyster
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th November 1862.
I, GEORGE FOSBERY LYSTER, Engineer, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR ELEVATING OR OTHERWISE TRANSMITTING GRAIN AND
OTHER GRANULAR SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object the elevating or otherwise conveying of
grain and other similar substances from one locality to another in a more
expeditious and convenient manner than has heretofore been effected, and
consists in the employment of strong currents or blasts of air for that purpose,
which currents of air are conducted through tubes to the locality whence the
grain or other substance is to be removed, and are there caused to pass into
the open ends of other tubes or channels, which open ends are immersed in
the grain or other substance, so that the air on rushing into such tubes is-
caused to drag with it the grain or other substance surrounding the orifices,

page_text: and to propel it along inside the conducting tubes or channels with the
requisite velocity for raising it to a certain height, or for conveying it to a
certain distance. The manner of producing the requisite blast for this
purpose, the arrangement of the tubes for conducting the blast and of those
for conducting the grain, and the manner in which the blast is caused to enter
the latter, may be variously modified.
Thus in one arrangement I place the orifice of the tube whence the blast
issues opposite the orifice of the tube or channel into which it is to convey
the grain or other substance, and the diameter of which is by preference
made larger than the orifice of the blast pipe, so as to facilitate the passage of
the grain or other substance into it. The two orifices may be either placed a
short distance apart, or they may be close together if the conducting tube is
of larger diameter than the blast tube; or the blast tube may even enter
slightly into the conducting tube.
In another arrangement I make the extremity of the blast tube to surround
the end of the conducting tube, and I curve the mouth of the blast tube in a
contracted manner, so as to conduct the blast into the mouth of the con-
ducting tube in the proper direction. I place these orifices of the tubes in a
hopper or receptacle filled with the grain or other material to be removed;
and I curve the bottom of this receptacle in such a manner as to guide the
grain easily into the conducting tube.
In some cases I assist the entrance of the grain into the conducting tube by
means of revolving screw blades, receiving their motion by the blast issuing
from the blast pipe being made to act upon them, or upon other oblique
vanes or blades attached to the same spindle with the first-named blades.
I sometimes fix the end of the blast tube into the end of the conducting
tube, and form apertures round the circumference of the latter, through
which apertures the grain or other substance is drawn into the tube; or I
employ any other arrangement of the blast tube and conducting tube by
which the above-described general principles of my Invention may be carried
into practice.
For the purpose of distributing the grain or other substance over large
surfaces, I attach to the exit orifice of the conducting tube a revolving
1-shaped tube piece, through the open end of the horizontal arms of which
the grain or other substance issues, and I cause this 1-piece to revolve, either
by manual power or by the force of the blast, the horizontal arms being
curved for that purpose. Both the blast tubes and the conducting tubes may
be made of any suitable sectional form and area.
The requisite blast for the above-described operation may be produced by

page_text: blowing engines, or by rotary fans, or by any other suitable apparatus, and
such apparatus may be placed either at the locality whence the grain or other
substance is to be removed, or at some distance from the same, and it may
serve to convey the blast through only one blast tube to only one locality, or.
through several blast tubes to several localities. Or, in some cases, I convey
the blast into an accumulator, whence it is conducted through flexible or rigid
tubes to the various localities where it is required, such tubes being provided
with suitable valves or cocks for admitting, regulating, or cutting off the
passage of the blast as may be required.
In some cases instead of removing the grain or other substance from one
locality to another by means of blast, I employ longitudinal and revolving
tubes for that purpose, supported at intervals by suitable bearings provided
with friction rollers, upon the inside of which tubes I fix spiral blades or a
continuous screw blade, and I form perforations in such tubes, or I cover
them with wire cloth, through which the dust contained in the grain or
other substance passing through is made to fall, and I also provide them
with slides or doors at intervals to allow of the escape of the grain at any
required point of its passage along the tubes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Fosbery Lyster in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 8th May 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
FOBBERY LYSTER, Engineer, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said George Fosbery Lyster, Her special licence, that I, the said
George Fosbery Lyster, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said George Fosbery Lyster, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR ELEVATING OR OTHERWISE TRANSMITTING

page_text: GRAIN AND OTHER GRANULAR SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said George Fosbery Lyster, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Fosbery Lyster, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say:-
My Invention has for its object the elevating or otherwise conveying of
grain and other similar substances from one locality to another in a more
expeditious and convenient manner than has heretofore been effected, and
consists in the employment of strong currents or blasts of air for that purpose,
which currents of air are conducted through tubes to the locality whence the
grain or other substance is to be removed, and are there caused to pass into
the open ends of other tubes or channels, which open ends are immersed in
the grain or other substance, so that the air on rushing into such tubes is
caused to drag with it the grain or other substance surrounding the orifices,
and to propel it along inside the conducting tubes or channels with the
requisite velocity for raising it to a certain height, or for conveying it to a
certain distance. The manner of producing the requisite blast for this
purpose, the arrangement of the tubes for conducting the blast and of those
for conducting the grain, and the manner in which the blast is caused to enter
the latter, may be variously modified.
Thus, in one arrangement, I place the orifice of the tube whence the blast
issues opposite the orifice of the tube or channel into which it is to convey the
grain or other substance, and the diameter of which is, by preference, made
larger than the orifice of the blast pipe, so as to facilitate the passage of the
grain or other substance into it. The two orifices may be either placed a
short distance apart, or they may be close together if the conducting tube is
of larger diameter than the blast tube, or the blast tube may even enter
slightly into the conducting tube.
In another arrangement I make the extremity of the blast tube to sur-
round the end of the conducting tube, and I curve the mouth of the blast
tube in a contracted manner, so as to conduct the blast into the mouth of the
conducting tube in the proper direction. I place these orifices of the tubes in

page_text: a hopper or receptacle filled with the grain or other material to be removed,
and I curve the bottom of this receptacle in such a manner as to guide the
grain easily into the conducting tube.
In some cases I assist the entrance of the grain into the conducting tube
by means of revolving screw blades, receiving their motion by the blast
issuing from the blast pipe being made to act upon them, or upon other
oblique vanes or blades attached to the same spindle as the first-named blades.
I sometimes fix the end of the blast tube into the end of the conducting
tube, and form apertures round the circumference of the latter, through
which apertures the grain or other substance is drawn into the tube; or I
employ any other arrangement of the blast tube and conducting tube, by
which the above-described general principles of my Invention may be carried
into practice.
For the purpose of distributing the grain or other substance over large
surfaces, I attach to the exit orifice of the conducting tube a revolving
1-shaped tube piece, through the open ends of the horizontal arms of which
the grain or other substance issues, and I cause this 1-piece to revolve
either by manual power or by the force of the blast, the horizontal arms
being curved for that purpose. Both the blast tubes and the conducting tubes
may be made of any suitable sectional form and area.
The requisite blast for the above-described operation may be produced by
blowing engines, or by rotary fans, or by any other suitable apparatus, and
such apparatus may be placed either at the locality whence the grain or other
substance is to be removed, or at some distance from the same, and it may
serve to convey the blast through only one blast tube to only one locality, or
through several blast tubes to several localities. Or, in some cases, I convey
the blast into an accumulator or air chamber, whence it is conducted through
flexible or rigid tubes to the various localities where it is required, such tubes
being provided with suitable valves or cocks for admitting, regulating, or
cutting off the passage of the blast as may be required.
In some cases, instead of removing the grain or other substance from one
locality to another by means of blast, I employ longitudinal and revolving
tubes for that purpose, supported at intervals by suitable bearings provided
with friction rollers, upon the inside of which tubes I fix spiral blades or a
continuous screw blade, and I form perforations in such tubes, or I cover
them with wire cloth, through which the dust contained in the grain or other
substance passing through is made to fall, and I also provide them with slides
or doors at intervals to allow of the escape of the grain at any required point
of its passage along the tubes.

page_text: Figure 1 on Sheet I. of the accompanying Drawings_shews a transverse
section through a double block of store houses, with my Invention for raising
the grain into the various floors of the same, and removing the grain there-
from solely by the agency of strong currents of air, applied to them; Figure 2
on Sheet I. shews a part front elevation of the same; and Figure 3 on
Sheet II. shews a part ground plan of the same. Similar letters of reference
indicate similar parts in all the Figures.
In this arrangement, each block of storehouses is provided with apparatus
for both elevating the grain from the vessels V, V', respectively into the
various floors of the blocks B, B, and for conveying the grain from these
various floors into the vessels, as may be required; thus, in the Drawing, the
vessel V is represented as in the act of taking in grain from floor No. 5 of
block B, whilst the vessel V₁ is in the act of unloading grain on to floor
No. 4 of block B¹.
The arrangement of apparatus for effecting these operations is as follows:-
A, A', are air chambers situated respectively beneath the blocks B and B¹, which
chambers are kept supplied with air at any requisite pressure through pipes
a, a', from the blast engine C, seen in Figure 3. The two air chambers may
be made to communicate by means of a pipe B, provided with a valve, as
shewn, or they may be separate; or in some cases one air chamber only may
be employed for the two blocks. From the air chambers A, A', there are,
firstly, pipes D, D', capable of leading the blast by means of the swing cranes
E, E, down into the hold of the vessels V, V₁, and serving to transmit the
grain from the same into the storehouses. Other pipes F, F, conduct the
blast from the air chambers up into the various floors of each block B, B', and
serve to convey the grain from thence into the vessels V, V₁
In the arrangement shewn at B, the pipe F is so constructed that at each
floor it may be disconnected from its ascending portion, and connected by
means of a bend G (shewn at floor No. 5) to the pipes H, H, H, H, fixed to
the ceilings, this operation being effected at such floor whence it is required
to remove the grain; at the same time, a pipe I (shewn at floor No. 5) is
attached to the other end of the pipe H, thus leading the blast down into the
open end of the tubes J, J, J, J, serving to convey the grain. These tubes
pass along inside the floor, as shewn, to the outside of the building, as seen
at the part elevation at Figure 2, where they are capable of being connected
to and disconnected from the tube K, serving both to conduct the grain into
and out of the storehouse, and which tube passes along the crane E, as shewn,
and down into the hold of the vessel V.
In the arrangement shewn at B' the blast pipe F' is continuous, and is

page_text: connected at each floor with a pipe H¹, H', H', H', running inside the floor, and
serving to convey the blast into the open ends of the tubes J, J, J, J', serving to
convey the grain, valves being provided, as indicated, for shutting off the blast,
and conveying it into whichever tube may be required. These tubes pass to the
outside of the building, where they are capable of being connected to or dis-
connected from the tube K', leading in the same manner as before described
with reference to the tube K, down into the vessel V¹.
Other tubes L, L, L', L', serving to convey the grain to the various floors,
run along the ceiling of the same to the outside of the building, where they
are capable of being connected to and disconnected from the tubes K, K'.
Those portions of the blast pipes D, D', and conducting tubes K, K', that
reach from the cranes E, E¹, down into the vessels; V, V₁ are formed teles-
copic, so as to be capable of adjustment to suit the floatation of the vessels, or
the level of the grain in the same. The blast pipes D, D', are curved round,
and the open ends of the same enter into the open ends of the conducting
tubes K, K¹, the details of this arrangement, as also of the other before-
mentioned connections of the blast pipes with the conducting tubes, will be
described hereafter. When not in use, the tubes D, D', and K, K', suspended
from the cranes, may be hauled up close to the under side of the cranes, as
indicated by the dotted lines, and these latter may then be swung back
against the side of the building as shewn in Figure 3, so as not to be in
the way.
Having now described the general arrangement of the blast pipes and con-
ducting tubes, I will proceed to explain, firstly, the manner in which the grain
is conveyed from floor No. 5 of block B, into the vessel V, and, secondly, the
manner in which the grain is transmitted from the vessel V¹ into the floor
No. 4 of block B¹.
For conveying the grain from floor No. 5 into the vessel V, the blast is in
the first instance shut off from the pipe D by the valve d, and the mouth-
piece of the pipe D, entering into the end of the tube K, is removed as
shewn. The pipe F is made continuous up to floor No. 5, where it is con-
nected by the bend G to the pipe H, and the pipe I is attached to the other
end of this latter, and enters into the open end of the tube J, which is then
connected by means of a bend to the pipe K. The blast is now admitted
from the air vessel A into the pipe F by means of the valve f, and in passing
up through the pipes F, G, H, and I, into the open end of the tube J, causes
the surrounding grain to be drawn into this tube, and conveyed along the
same into the tube K, whence it passes down into the hold of the vessel V,
as indicated.

page_text: When it is required to convey the grain in this manner from floor No. 2 of
either block, the tubes J, J', are not connected to the tubes K, K', but are
provided with a removeable conducting tube M, M', shewn in dotted lines, so
as to convey the grain in a more direct manner.
In order to convey the grain from the vessel V₁ to floor No. 4 of block B¹,
the valve f¹ to the blast pipe F¹ is closed, the tube K¹ is connected by means of
a bend N to the tube L' in floor No. 4, and the valve d¹ being then opened,
the blast in rushing down the pipe D¹, and from the curved mouth-piece of
the same into the open end of the tube K' which is immersed in grain, causes
the grain to be dragged into the tube K¹, and up through the same, and
through the tube L¹ into the floor No. 4. The grain in passing from the
tube L' may either pass directly on to the floor, or it may be conducted into
any suitable weighing or measuring machine, or into any suitable apparatus
for distributing the grain over the floor, such as will be described hereafter.
Figures 4, 5, and 6 on Sheet III. shew in detail the arrangement which
I prefer to employ for the connection of the blast pipes D, D', with the con-
ducting tubes K, K¹. Figure 4 shews a vertical section of the same; Figure 5
shews a sectional plan of the tube k looking upwards; and Figure 6 shews
a sectional plan of the same looking downwards. D is the blast pipe, and
K is the conducting tube. The lower portion k of this latter is formed sepa-
rate from the upper portion, and is provided with a toothed wheel O, in gear
with which is the pinion P carried by the tube K, and caused to revolve by
the handle Q; by turning this handle, therefore, rotary motion is imparted
to the tube k. At the lower end of this tube, immediately above where the
blast pipe D enters it, openings k¹, k¹, k¹, are formed, and behind these the
screw vanes R, R, R, R, are fixed to the exterior of the tube, which vanes,
in rotating with the tube k in the direction of the arrow at Figure 5, cause
the surrounding grain to be led into the tube k, through the openings k¹, k¹,
where it is caught by the blast from the pipe D, and is impelled upwards
through the tube K. In order to cause the grain still more readily to enter
the openings k, k¹, a covering or cowl S is fixed to the tube immediately
above the vanes R, which cowl has openings s, 8, 5, 8, formed in it, on the
edges of which are formed sloping projections s¹, s', s¹, s³, so that on rotating
in the direction indicated the grain is led through the openings s, s, on to the
vanes R, R.
By the above-described arrangement, not only is the grain prevented from
choking up the tube k so as to impede the action of the blast, but also, on
ceasing to cause the tube k to revolve, the supply of grain is entirely stopped,
even whilst the blast is still passing into the conducting tube, and according as

page_text: the tube k is caused to revolve more or less rapidly, a greater or less quantity
of grain will be delivered into the conducting tube.
Figures 7 and 8 shew an elevation and sectional plan of an arrangement
in which the blast pipe D passes into the end of the conducting tube k,
as in the before-described arrangement, the blast pipe and conducting tube
thus forming in reality one continuous tube. Openings k', k, are formed
in the circumference of the tube k, and are provided with hinged flaps R, R.
Enclosing these openings and flaps is a casing S, also fixed to the tube k,
which casing is provided with openings s, s, so arranged that when it is caused
to revolve with the tube k in the direction of the arrow the flaps R, R, are
made to move into the position shewn in full lines, thus uncovering the aper-
tures k¹, k¹, and projecting somewhat through the openings s, s, and leading
the grain through the apertures , k, into the tube k, whilst if the tube
be caused to revolve in the contrary direction the pressure of the grain will
move the flaps into the position indicated by the dotted lines in Figure 8, thus
closing the apertures k¹, k¹, and preventing the further passage of the grain
into the conducting tube.
Figure 9, Sheet III., shews a different arrangement of the tubes for
effecting the same purpose; here the conducting tube K is curved upwards,
and a spiral worm T is inserted into its open extremity, the blast pipe D
being made to enter at the side of the tube, as shewn. The worm T is pro-
vided with a spindle t and handle t', by which it is made to revolve with such
a velocity as to feed in the proper quantity of grain for being effectually carried
up the conducting tube by means of the blast.
Figure 10 shews an arrangement for the connection of a horizontal blast
pipe with a vertical conducting tube; here the extremity of the blast pipe D
is made to surround the end of the conducting tube K, and is formed into two
tubes d, d', which are curved upwards, as shewn, and unite at their orifice,
conducting the blast into the open end of the tube K.
Figures 11 and 12 shew respectively a vertical section and a plan of the
connection of the blast pipe I with the conducting tube J, shewn at floor
No. 5 of block B of the storehouses, Figure 1. The open end of the tube J'
is conically enlarged, as shewn, and is closed at the floor line by a cover j,
through the centre of which the blast pipe I passes. The cover j is provided
with hinged flaps j', j', which may be opened more or less by means of ropes
or chains ³,³, leading above the level of the grain, and through the greater or
less openings thus formed the grain passes into the tube J, and is conducted
through the same by the blast.
Figures 13 and 14 shew respectively a section and plan of the connection

page_text: of the blast pipes H', H', with the conducting tubes J', J', in the arrangement
shewn in block B', Figure 1. In this arrangement both the blast pipes H' and
conducting tube J¹ are placed beneath the floor line, and the ends of the same
are made to enter the box U provided with a hinged cover u, by opening
which more or less, a greater or less quantity of the grain from the floor will
enter the box, and will be caused by the blast issuing from the pipe H¹ to
enter the open end of the tube J¹.
Figure 15 shews the same arrangement of the apertures of the blast pipe II'
and conducting tube J¹ as that just described, but without their being enclosed
in a box, and with the conducting tube rising in a vertical direction.
Figure 16 shews a section, and Figure 17 shews a plan, of an arrangement
for distributing the grain over the floor as it issues from the conducting tube.
L is the conducting tube, the open end of which fits into the central aperture
of the S-shaped piece W, carried by the spindle w, provided with the pulley w¹,
through which rotary motion may be imparted to W, so that the grain on
entering the latter from the tube L is, by the centrifugal force, scattered over
the floor. If the blast is of sufficient force, the rotation of the tube W may be
effected without the aid of the pulley w¹.
Various other arrangements of the blast pipes and conducting tubes may be
adopted for carrying out my Invention, those indicated serving only as
examples of the arrangements which I adopt by preference in carrying my
Invention into practice.
The air chambers A, A¹, may serve either to supply the blast to only one
set of conducting tubes or to a number of the same, as indicated on plan at
Figure 3.
Figure 18 on Sheet II. shews a plan of an arrangement in which the air
chambers A, A, Figure 1, are dispensed with, and the blast supplied direct to
the pipes D, D, F, F, through the conducting pipes a, a, a, from a rotary
fan C of any suitable arrangement, the passage of the blast to the respective
conducting pipes a, a, a, being regulated by suitable valves a¹, a', a¹.
Although in the herein-before described arrangements I have shewn my
Invention as applied to the conveying of grain from vessels into storehouses,
and vice versa, yet I wish it to be understood that I in no way limit my
Invention to this application only, as it is obvious that it may with
equal advantage be employed for raising or lowering the grain from one
floor of a storehouse, mill, or other locality to another, or for conveying
the grain in a horizontal direction only.
Figures 19 and 20, Sheet III., shew an elevation and transverse section
of the arrangement which I adopt, according to another part of my present

page_text: Invention, for conducting grain or other granular substances in a hori-
zontal direction from one locality to another.
A is a cylinder in which is fixed the worm B seen at X, where part of
the cylinder A is removed.. The cylinder A rests upon friction rollers
C, C, at suitable intervals, and has a rotary motion imparted to it in
any suitable manner. At one end it communicates with the hopper D,
through which the grain is fed into it, and the other end communicates
with the locality to which it is required to conduct the grain. If it is
required to deliver grain at certain intermediate points in its length, suitable
sliding doors are provided for that purpose, and any portion of the same,
as at Y, may be covered with wire gauze for allowing the dust to pass
from the grain out of the cylinder.
By the employment of the above-described arrangement instead of that
usually employed, where a worm is caused to revolve inside a fixed cylinder,
the advantage is gained of dispensing with the internal bearings of the
spindle to the revolving worm, which bearings, on account of their requiring
to be oiled, both soil the grain and cause the same to clog, thus impeding
-the action of the apparatus.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the best means
I am acquainted with of performing the same, I wish it to be understood
that I do not claim the various mechanical details herein-before described
with reference to the accompanying Drawings as forming, separate and apart
from the combination and application thereof for the purposes herein-before
described, any part of the Invention comprised in the present Letters Patent
but I claim,―
;
The employment of apparatus for elevating or otherwise transmitting
grain or other granular substance in which the grain or other granular
substance is drawn through an opening or through openings into a con-
ducting tube or closed channel by means of a current of air passing along
inside such tube or closed channel, and is propelled along in such tube or
closed channel to wherever required by the sole agency of the said current
of air.
And I claim the conveying or transmitting of grain or other granular
substances from one locality to another by the agency of a current or
currents of air which is or are caused to pass from the open end of or
from an opening or openings in one tube or closed channel into the open
end of or into an opening or openings in another tube or closed channel
surrounded by or immersed in the grain or other granular substances to
be transmitted, which said grain or other granular substance is caused by

page_text: the said current or currents of air, to pass, into, the open end of or. openings
in the second named tube or closed channel, and is propelled along the same
by the current or currents of air to wherever required.
And I claim the employment of, revolving screw blades or vanes, for
assisting and regulating the flow of grain or other granular substances; into
the said conducting tube or closed channel, substantially as herein-before
described with reference to Figures; 4, 5, 6, and 9, on. Sheet III.; of the
accompanying Drawings.
:
And I claim the employment of a rotating S. shaped mouth-piece as
herein-before described with: reference to Figures 16 and 17 on Sheet III.
of the accompanying Drawings for distributing the grain, over an extended
surface as it issues from the said conducting tube; .
And I claim the employment of a revolving tube, having a spiral blade
or worm fixed inside and revolving with it, for conducting grain from one
place, to another in a more or less horizontal direction, substantially as herein-
before described with reference to Figures 19 and 20 on Sheet III. of the
accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Fosbery Lyster, have here-
unto set my hand. and seal, this Sixth day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
GEORGE FOSBERY LYSTER. (L.S.)