IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COPPER OR OTHER METALLIC ROLLERS OR "
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William MacNaught, of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, and Walter Richard Critchley, of Salford, in the
same County, Copper Roller Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COPPER OR OTHER METALLIC ROLLERS OR
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William MacNaught
and Walter Richard Critchley at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 19th May 1858.
We, WILLIAM MACNAUGHT, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, and WALTER RICHARD CRITCHLEY, of Salford, in the same County,
Copper Roller Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COPPER OR OTHER
METALLIC ROLLERS OR CYLINDERS FOR PRINTING FABRICS, AND IN APPARATUS
CONNECTED THEREWITH," to be as follows:-
Our improvements consist in so manufacturing these rollers as to obtain the
required amount of strength and solidity of roller, with a less amount of copper
or other metal than is requisite in the ordinary method of manufacturing these
rollers. The improved roller is cast and made into a cylinder by the usual
method of hammering and drawing, combined or separate, but of a less thick-

page_text: ness than the ordinary roller. At each end of the roller internal ferrules are
inserted, having nibs for the groove in the mandril, and of suitable length and
diameter; these ferrules are secured in each end of the roller by soldering,
brazing, or other suitable means, and also one or more of such ferrules or
rings are to be inserted and secured at certain distances or intervals in the
interior of the roller and between its ends, to serve as bearings for the
mandril, or instead, or in connection with these ferrules, a helical coil or coils
of copper or other metal may be inserted, and soldered or otherwise secured,
or longitudinal or angularly placed ribs of copper or other metal may be used
in connection with, or independant of the central ferrules for strengthening the
roller as bearings for the maundril; or, if preferred, these ferrules, bearings, or
ribs may be formed or produced of the same solid metal, composing the
cylinder, by cutting out certain portions of the interior of the cylinder and
leaving the ferrules or bearings projecting at certain intervals in any of the
forms before described; but making them solid with the cylinder instead of in
picces distinct from the cylinder, and soldering, brazing, or otherwise securing
them within it, as previously stated. In this instance the roller must be of a
suitable thickness to allow for the cutting out and proper depth or thickness
of bearings. The maundrils may be either of cast or wrought iron, and
either hollow with strengthening ribs or with raised bearings or rings, at
suitable distances to suit the cylinder or roller, so as to obtain or produce a
lighter maundril, and of the strength required. Or the maundril may be
made in the form of a helical coil, running either in the same or the reverse
direction to the coil employed in the cylinder.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William MacNaught and Walter Richard Critchley in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th November 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
MACNAUGHT, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, and
WALTER RICHARD CRITCHLEY, of Salford, in the same County, Copper Roller
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Iler heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
William MacNaught and Walter Richard Critchley, Ier especial license

page_text: that we, the said William MacNaught and Walter Richard Critchley, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said William
MacNaught and Walter Richard Critchley, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COPPER AND OTHER METALLIC ROLLERS OB
CYLINDERS FOR PRINTING FABRICS, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH,"
upon the condition, amongst others, that we, the said William MacNaught
and Walter Richard Critchley, by an instrument in writing under our hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William MacNaught and Walter
Richard Critchley, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying Drawings,
that is to say:-
Our improvements consist in so manufacturing these rollers as to obtain the
required amount of strength and solidity of roller with a less amount of copper
or other metal than is requisite in the ordinary method of manufacturing these
rollers. The improved roller is cast and made into a cylinder by the usual
method of hammering and drawing, combined or separate, but of a less
thickness than the ordinary roller. At each end of the roller internal ferrules
are inserted, having nibs for the groove in the mandril, and of suitable length
and diameter; these ferrules are secured in each end of the roller by soldering,
brazing, or other suitable means, and also one or more of such ferrules or
rings are to be inserted and secured at certain distances or intervals in the
interior of the roller and between its ends to serve as bearings for the mandrel,
or instead or in connection with these ferrules, a helical coil or coils of copper
or other metal may be inserted and soldered or otherwise secured; or longi-
tudinal or angularly placed ribs of copper or other metal may be used in
connection with or independent of the central ferrules, for strengthening tho
roller as bearings for the mandrel; or, if preferred, these ferrules, bearings, or
ribs may be formed or produced of the same solid metal composing the roller
or cylinder by cutting out portions of the interior of the cylinder, and leaving
the ferrules or bearings projecting at certain intervals in any of the forms

page_text: before described, but making them solid with the cylinder instead of in picces
distinct from the cylinder, and soldering, brazing, or otherwise securing them
within it, as previously stated. In this instance, the roller must be of a
suitable thickness to allow for the cutting out and proper depth or thickness
of bearings. The mandrels may be made either of cast or wrought iron and
with longitudinal or angularly placed ribs, or with raised bearings or rings at
suitable distances to suit the cylinder or roller, so as to obtain or produce a
lighter mandrel, and of the strength required; or the mandrel may be made in
the form of a helical coil, running either in the same or the reverse direction
to the coil employed in the cylinder when such form of mandrel and cylinder
are employed in conjunction, such combination forming numerous bearing
points between the peripheries of the two screws or coils, and consequently
produces a very solid description of roller.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail, we have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings, illustrative of some of
the most approved methods of effecting the desired object.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal and end section of a roller, shewing the application
of a long helical coil extending from nearly end to end thereof, and particularly
adapted to a plain mandrel; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal and end section of that
description of cylinder, wherein ferrules or bearing rings are employed; and
Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a cylinder (the ends being shewn in section),
shewing a closer coil, as particularly adapted to the mandrel, in the form of a
helical coil, as seen in the longitudinal section Fig. 4, but this description of
cylinder can be used with a plain mandrel.
In Figs. 1, 3, and 4, a, a, a, is the copper cylinder, having each end
thickened to form bearings, within which the helical coils b, b, b, are cast or
otherwise secured, and which may be of any angle or pitch required, the
cylinder being provided with a groove for the reception of the rib c on the
mandrel, whether in the form of a coil, as shewn, or plain, or with raised
ribs parallel to its axis; such groove extends along the entire length of the
cylinder, or is formed in the coils, as will be seen in Figs. 3 and 4.
In Fig. 2, e is the ferrule or bearing ring, any number of which may be
employed at intervals within the cylinder; or it may be made without the
central bearing or bearings.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with the
method of performing the same, we would remark, in conclusion, that we do
not limit ourselves to the precise form or position of the ribs or coils formed
or placed within the cylinders as strengthening ribs and bearings, but we
claim forming the ends of the cylinder thicker or stronger than the body

page_text: thereof, and further strengthening the rollers by any required number of
ferrules, rings, or ribs, and of any form desired, and these may either be made
out of the same solid metal or otherwise secured in the cylinder.
And, lastly, we claim the application and use of a mandrel having a coil of
horizontal ribs or vertical rings thereupon, in order to obtain a lighter mandrel
which is equally applicable to all cylinders, and the cylinders may be used
either with or without this form of mandrel.
In witness whereof, we, the said Williamı MacNaught and Walter Richard
Critchley, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Eighteenth day
of November, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-eight.
W. M'NAUGHT.
(L.S.)
W. R. CRITCHLEY. (L.S.)