CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Nuttall, Pattern Designer, and Thomas
Nuttall, Manufacturer, both of Walmersley, near Bury, in the
County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Nuttall and
Thomas Nuttall at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 15th February 1872.
We, WILLIAM NUTTALL, Pattern Designer, and THOMAS NUTTALL,
Manufacturer, both of Walmersley, near Bury, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows :-
This Invention relates to the shedding motion, and it consists in
improved machinery for working the healds to form the shed, the object
being to obtain a greater range of pattern than was heretofore possible
with the old section tappet; for this purpose we place at the side of the
loom an oscillating internal section tappet, which is composed of as

page_text: many sections as there are treadles and healds required to produce the
pattern. Each section has a movable cam levers, one on each side of
the section, and working on studs, and each cam lever is connected to
an elbow lever which is raised or lowered by a pattern chain. When
the elbow levers at one side of the section tappet are being acted upon
by the pattern chain to produce the shed the position of the other
elbow levers is being charged to prepare for the next shed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Nuttall and Thomas Nuttall in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 13th August 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
NUTTALL, Pattern Designer, and THOMAS NUTTALL, Manufacturer, both
of Walmersley, near Bury, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in
the thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto us, the said William Nuttall and
Thomas Nuttall, Her special licence that we, the said William Nuttall
and Thomas Nuttall, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said William Nuttall and Thomas Nuttall,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said William Nuttall and Thomas
Nuttall, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our, or their, or one of our or their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Nuttall and Thomas
Nuttall, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement (that is to say) :-
This Invention relates to the shedding motion, and it consists in
improved machinery for working the healds to form the shed, the object
being to obtain a greater range of pattern than was heretofore possible
with the old section tappet. For this purpose we place at the side of the
loom an oscillating internal section tappet, which is composed of as many
sections as there are treadles and healds required to produce the pattern.
Each section has two movable cam levers, one on each side of the section,
and working on studs, and each cam lever is connected to an elbow lever
which is raised or lowered by a pattern chain. When the elbow levers
at one side of the section tappet are being acted upon by the pattern
chain to produce the shed the position of the other elbow levers is being
changed to prepare for the next shed.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into operation, we will proceed to describe the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings, reference being had to the figures and letters marked
thereon.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation, and Fig. 2 a side elevation of our improved
shedding motion, and Fig. 3 is a section through the same drawn to
an enlarged scale.
In Figs. 1 and 2, a is the framing fixed to the floor near the loom to
which our improved shedding motion is applied, and 6 is a spur wheel
mounted on a stud, which spur wheel is driven by a pinion fixed to the
crank shaft of the loom; the spur wheel b acts as a carrier between the
said pinion and the wheel c, which gives motion to the various parts of
the shedding motion. The wheel c is fixed on the cross shaft d, which
revolves in bearings in the framing a, and to the other end of the shaft d
is fixed the disc e, which gives motion alternately to the intermittent
wheels fand g, fixed on the axles of the chain barrels f¹ and g¹, around
which the pattern chains h and i revolve; these pattern chains are made
as usual of links connected by cross pins on which adjustable bowls are
fitted, as shewn best in Fig. 2, the number of bowls on each pin and the
distance between them being governed by the pattern to be woven, or
instead of pattern chains pattern drums or other equivalents may be
used. The shaft d supports the oscillating frames j,j, between which

page_text: are twelve or other convenient number of double acting section tappets k,
the number of which must correspond to the number of shafts or heald
frames in the loom. The frames and tappets k are held together
by the belts, which serve as fulcrum studs for the movable cam
levers m, m. The frames are also held together by the bolts l, which
serve as fulcrum studs for the elbow levers n, n, and the upper ends of
these elbow levers are provided with studs taking into slots in the cam
levers m, so that when the elbow levers are partially raised by the pattern
chains or their equivalents acting on the springs n', the cam levers m
are moved from the position shewn to the left of Fig. 3 into the position
shewn at the right of the same Figure.
The treadles o, in Figs. 1 and 2, are provided with bowls as usual,
which take into the grooves formed in the section tappets k, partly by the
projections cast thereon, and partly by the cam levers m, and each
treadle is connected by cords or otherwise to the top and bottom jacks
or other equivalents for working the healds.
The oscillating motion is given to the frames j by a pin in the face of
the wheel c, to which pin one end of the link p is jointed, the other end
being connected to the lever q, and to this lever is jointed one end of the
link r, the other end taking on a stud projecting from the end plate j, as ;
shewn in Fig. 1; by this means every revolution of the wheel c gives an
oscillating motion to the whole set of section tappets.
The mode of operation is as follows:-When the parts are in the
positions shewn in Fig. 1, the pattern chain i or its equivalent has acted
upon the right hand elbow levers n to lift the selected movable cam a
levers m into the position shewn at the right hand of Fig. 3, thereby
lowering some of the treadles, while the other cam levers that remain
down, as shewn in dots in Fig. 3, raise the corresponding treadles. The
oscillating frame is shewn in Fig 1, as leaning towards the left hand, but
as the wheel c continues its rotation the frame is gradually moved by 3
the lever q until it leans towards the right, as shewn by a dotted line;
during this oscillation of the frame the tappet chain / or its equivalent
is coming into operation so as to bring the elbow levers and cam levers
into the proper position for acting on the selected treadles to form the
next shed.
Fig. 4 represents a shedding motion constructed according to a modifi-
3

page_text: the pattern chains h and i or their equivalents act direct upon the
under side of the jacks 8, 8, and the elbow levers n and movable cam
levers m are dispensed with. The chain barrels f¹ and g¹ are driven in
contrary directions by the upright shaft t, which receives its motion from
the crank shaft of the loom and the horizontal shaft u, and by the bevel
pinions shewn thereon, or in any other convenient manner.
Fig. 5 represents another modification of our Invention. In this
arrangement the jacks 8 are geared together by toothed segments, and the
bowls of the pattern chains and i or their equivalents act on the under
side of the jacks. We wish to remark that in reference to Figs. 4
and 5 the pattern chains or their equivalents may be made to act on
the
upper sides of the jacks.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention and described the
manner of performing the same, we wish it to be understood that we do
not intend to limit ourselves to the details given, as the same may be
varied or modified without departing from the peculiar character of our
Invention. We declare that we claim as our improved shedding motion,
first, the double acting oscillating section tappets in combination with
the movable cam levers and elbow levers, and the pattern chains or their
equivalents, as shewn and described in reference to Figs. 1, 2 and 3,
and secondly, the shedding motions shewn and described in reference to
Figs. 4 and 5.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Nuttall, for myself and on
behalf of the said William Nuttall, have hereto set my hand
and seal, this Ninth day of August, One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-two.