Improvements in Coke Ovens.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Dec., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 26th Oct., 1898-Accepted, 28th Jan., 1899
Improvements in Coke Ovens.
We, ARTHUR MARSHALL CHAMBERS, of Thorncliffe, in the County of York,
Colliery Proprietor, and Jason HALL WORRALL, F.C.S., F.I.C., of Chapeltown, near
Sheffield, in the County of York, Analytical Chemist, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:
Our present invention relates to coke ovens, and more especially to coke ovens
of the kind described in the Specification of Letters Patent No. 4,708, A.D. 1884,
and No. 7,358, A.D. 1885.
<
Hitherto it has only been possible to obtain bye-products (such as gas, oil, tar,
heavy and light hydrocarbon oils, ammoniacal liquor, and other well-known pro-
ducts), from what are well known as Bee-Hive Ovens," when comparatively large
coal is used for coking, inasmuch as it is found that crushed coal, smudge, or fine
coal prevents the gases, together with such bye-products, from passing sufficiently
freely away.
Our invention has for its object a novel method of constructing and using such
ovens and parts connected with them, by which crushed or fine coal, or smudge,
can be used; the improved method of construction enabling coal of any size to be
burned, and the bye-products obtained, thus ensuring the production of coke
uniform and homogeneous.
In order to put our invention in operation, we make one or more channels or
chambers, to convey the bye-products, including gas, liquor and oil, from one or
more parts of the oven to any convenient exit or exits.
The channel or chamber may be of any suitable material, such as wood, iron,
stone, or fire-brick, and of any convenient length in proportion to the width of
the oven, of any height according to the quantity and quality of coal used, of any
width, and of any suitable section, vertical or longitudinal, such as semi-circular
or arched, rectangular, triangular, or of irregular shape. It may be provided with
fect or supports which stand upon, and raise it a short distance above, the floor of
the oven.
It may be made in one, two, or more segments or parts, with or without
holes, slits, or openings through it. It may be fixed or moveable, that is to say,
built permanently into the oven, or removed each time the oven is drawn. It
may be completely or only partially buried in the coal which is to be coked, or
entirely below or above the latter.
The exit or exits for the bye products may be at the front, middle, back, or
sides, or in any other convenient, part of the oven's bottom, or at any part or parts
of the side or top of the oven. It or they may be covered by a plate or plates of
any suitable size, thickness or material, placed at any distance above or at the
sides of the exit or exits, and supported or not by a case or cases of any convenient
material, size, or form, with or without holes, or slits, through it or them.
The following are the form and arrangements which we prefer to use.
We make the exit at the front of the bottom or floor of the oven, with one
channel or chamber from the back edge of the exit extending backwards across the
centre of the oven. In transverse section the front of the channel or chamber has
the figure of an isosceles triangle, and when the oven bottom slopes down towards
the front, the height of the channel or chamber decreases from the front backwards

page_text: or fine coal prevents the gases, together with such bye-products, from passing
sufficiently freely away.
Our invention has for its object a novel method of constructing and using such
ovens and parts connected with them, by which crushed or fine coal, or smudge,
can be used; the improved method of construction enabling coal of any size to be
burned, and the bye-products obtained, and ensuring the production of coke
uniform and homogeneous.
The accompanying drawing is in illustration of the invention, Figure 1 being a
longitudinal vertical section through a coke oven, Figure 2 a horizontal section,
and Figure 3 a transverse section on a larger scale of part of the apparatus which
may be used..
In order to put our invention in operation, when applied, as shown, to a coke
oven a of the kind described in the Specifications of the aforesaid Letters Patent,
we make one or more channels or chambers e to convey the bye-products, including
gas, liquor and oil, from one or more parts of the oven to any convenient exit or
exits b.
The channels or chambers e may be of any suitable material, such as wood, iron,
stone, or fire-brick, and of any convenient length in proportion to the width of
the oven, of any height according to the quantity and quality of coal used, of any
width, and of any suitable section, vertical or longitudinal, such as semi-circular
or arched rectangular, triangular, or of irregular shape. In the drawing, they are
shown approximately triangular in end view (Figure 3), a T-iron being inserted
along the top between the two sides, held in place by rivets at intervals along the
edge of the channel, but allowing the gases to pass into the latter. It may be
provided with feet or supports (as shown at c), which stand upon, and raise it a
short distance above, the floor of the oven. It may be made in one, two or more
segments or parts, with or without holes, slits, or openings through it. It may be
fixed or moveable, that is to say, built permanently into the oven, or removed each
time the oven is drawn. It may be completely or only partially buried in the coal
which is to be coked, or entirely below or above the latter. A chimney is shown
at k, open to the oven but having a damper at 7 by which it can be closed entirely
or partially. This arrangement enables the chimney to be used for starting the
oven, and subsequently the damper is mortared down, or closed airtight.
It or
The exit or exits for the bye-products may be at the front, middle, back, or
sides, or in any other convenient part of the oven's bottom, or at any part or parts
of the side or top of the oven. they may be covered by a plate or plates of any
suitable size, thickness or material, placed at any distance above or at the sides of
the exit or exits, and supported or not by a case or cases of any convenient material,
size, or form, with or without holes, or slits, through it or them.
The following are the form and arrangements which we prefer to use.
We make the exit 6 at the front of the bottom or floor d of the oven, with one
channel or chamber e, from the back edge of the exit extending backwards across
the centre of the oven. In transverse section the front of the channel or chamber
has the figure of an isosceles triangle, as shown at Figure 3, and when the oven
bottom slopes down towards the front, as shown in Figure 1, the height of the
channel or chamber decreases from the front backwards in such a way as to ensure
the apex of the triangle or top of the chamber being at one constant level. The two
sides of the channel or chamber are slit longitudinally with a number of horizontal
perforations or slits f which are inclined up toward the inside (as shown in
Figure 3) in such a way that the coal is prevented from entering the slits from
the outside, whilst the bye-products can pass through, thus passing down the
channel or chamber into the exit at b. Two similar channels or chambers e¹,
and e, radiate from or towards the sides of the oven on either side of the centre
channel e. We prefer to draw or arrange the front ends of these channels or
chambers quite close to the doorway of the oven front at g, inserting a strip or
plate h, h, between the centre channel or chamber e and each of the two side