Improvements in Reversible Machines suited for Alternating Electric Currents.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Mar., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 29th Dec., 1890-Accepted, 28th Feb.,
1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Reversible Machines suited for Alternating
Electric Currents.
I, CHARLES PAUL BARY, of 23, Boulevard de Strasbourg, Paris, France,
Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to an electric machine suited for alternating currents, and
capable of being used either as a dynamo electric machine converting motive power
into electricity or as an electro-dynamic machine or motor converting electricity
into motive power. The chief feature of the machine is its symmetry and consequent
convertibility resulting from the construction of one part constituting the field
magnets equal and similar to the other part constituting the armature, these two
parts being so placed on these common axis the one fixed on the framing and the
other free to rotate with the axis, that the poles of the magnets of the one face those
of the other. Each part consists of a nave having the form of a polygon of an even
number of sides on each flat face of which is fixed a wedge shaped mass of thin iron
plates insulated from each other, each such mass forming a core for a coil of
insulated wire, and these coils are so connected to each other and to the commutator
rings that the polarity of the cores alternate. For convenience of starting the
machine when it is used as an electro motor, the part which is to serve as field
magnets, instead of being fixed to the framing, is made free to turn on the shaft but
is provided with a brake, consisting of a flexible strap carrying strips of wood
notched to fit circular grooves in a boss projecting from the field magnet part. The
brake being released and the machine being put in circuit, the part which is to
serve as armature remains for a time stationary while the field magnet part revolves
as if it were for a time the armature. The armature, however, soon begins to
revolve and to become accelerated, the field magnet part still revolving. When
sufficient speed has been attained, the brake is tightened so as to stop the revolution
of the field magnet part and then the armature part goes on revolving.
Dated this 31st day of March 1890.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Reversible Machines suited for Alternating
Electric Currents.
1, CHARLES PAUL BARY, of 23, Boulevard de Strasbourg, Paris, France,
Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an electric machine suited for alternating currents, and
capable of being used either as a dynamo electric machine converting motive power
into electricity or as an electro-dynamic machine or motor converting electricity
into motive power.
The chief feature of the machine is its symmetry and consequent
convertibility resulting from the construction of one part constituting the inductor
or field magnets equal and similar to the other part constituting the armature, these
two parts being so placed on their common axis, the one fixed on the framing
and the other free to rotate with the axis, that the poles of the magnets of
the one face those of the other. Each part consists of a nave having the form of a
polygon of an even number of sides on each flat face of which is fixed a wedge
D
37

page_text: shaped mass of thin iron plates insulated from each other, each such mass forming
a core for a coil of insulated wire, and these coils are so connected to each other and
to the commutator rings that the polarity of the cores alternate. For convenience
of starting the machine when it is used as an electro motor, the part which is to
serve as field magnets, instead of being fixed to the framing, is made free to turn on
the shaft but is provided with a brake, consisting of a flexible strap carrying strips
of wood notched to fit circular grooves in a boss projecting from the field magnet
part. The brake being released and the machine being put in circuit, the part
which is to serve as armature remains for a time stationary while the field magnet
part revolves as if it were for a time the armature. The armature, however, soon
begins to revolve and to become accelerated, the field magnet part still revolving.
When sufficient speed has been attained, the brake is tightened so as to stop the
revolution of the field magnet part and then the armature part goes on revolving.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings is a transverse section on the line A B of
Fig. 2 (the bobbins being omitted from the lower part of Fig. 1). Fig. 2 is a side
elevation partly in longitudinal section. The inductor shewn in Fig. 1 has magnets
presenting 10 poles surrounding a nave M within which the shaft A can freely turn.
This nave has a decagonal rim J which supports the 10 electromagnets C each of
U shape fixed to J by a bolt b. The electromagnets are placed side by side one of
the parallel branches of each touching that of the magnet next to it, these two
branches together constituting a pole. Fig. 3 is a front view of one of the magnets
and part of the adjacent magnet. Each magnet consists of a thick iron plate mat
the top and at the bottom and between them a number of thin plates e, all insulated
from each other. After all these plates are rivetted together the oblique edges are
planed off so that the adjoining limbs come in close contact as shewn in Fig. 3 and
also in plan in Fig. 8 which shews the Ụ shaped magnets of both the armature and
the field, each pair having opposite polarity as shewn in part front view Fig. 7.
The adjacent limbs of a pair of the magnets constitute together one pole and these
are coiled round with insulated wire E, or ribbon forming a series of pentagonal
bobbins. When ribbon is used it may be coiled on in double, triple or multiple
width according to its breadth relatively to the depth of the limbs of the magnet.
As shewn in Fig. 6, the depth X of the magnet limb being double the width of
the ribbon, there is a double coil the end of one entering at e¹ and leaving at s where
it is connected by a clamp S to the s end of the other coil which leaves at e. The
armature does not differ from the inductor or field in respect of the construction and
arrangement of the magnet bobbins, but while the inductor is bolted down to the
base B, the armature is keyed on the shaft A. The boss of the armature has a
cylindrical extension P which serves as driving pulley, and beyond this there is a
hinder bearing R for the shaft A, the front part of which revolves in the central
bore of the inductor as in a bearing. On the shaft are fixed two insulated rings a' a'
against which bear spring rubbers for transmitting the currents in the usual way.
The inductor and the armature presenting like inagnets and bobbins to one another,
these may in each of them be connected in parallel or in series, or in groups according
to the conditions under which the machine has to act.
Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section on cd of Fig. 5 which is a transverse section at l
of Fig. 4 shewing how a machine having similar inductor and armature as above
described may be arranged to operate as a motor with alternate currents. 1, is the
magnet front of the inductor-and-1,-is that of the armature which is keyed on the
shaft A running in bearings P₁ P, and carrying pulley p. In one piece with
the bearing P, is a cylinder t on which can revolve a sleeve O forming part of
the inductor 1₁. The bobbins of the inductor and of the armature are connected to
insulated rings against which rubbers bear in the usual way. The sleeve O is
arranged to operate as a brake drum, for which purpose it is grooved and has fitted
into its grooves a number of fillets d attached to a flexible band which can be
tightened by a screw and hand wheel V drawing up one end of it, the other end
being fixed to a bracket D. The machine can be readily started to work with
alternating currents in the following manner. The brake is loosened and the

page_text: machine is put in circuit, whereupon while the armature 1, remains stationary, the
inductor 1, revolves, becoming accelerated. When it has attained the desired speed,
the brake is gradually put on causing the armature 1, to turn, at first slowly, then
to become accelerated up to the required speed, the inductor 1, then being quite
stopped by the brake. When the magnets of 1, and 1, repel each other, the
inductor 1, is prevented from moving back by rollers g bearing against the end of t,
these rollers being mounted on brackets a projecting inwards from the sleeve O.
The machine shewn in Figs. 4 and 5 can obviously be employed as a generator by
applying power to drive the pulley p.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. In electric machines operating for alternating currents as generators or as
motors, the construction of both the inductor and the armature with equal and
symmetrical magnetic bobbins, arranged to face each other, substantially as
described.
2. The machine constructed and arranged to operate as an electric generator,
substantially as described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2.
3. The machine constructed and arranged to operate either as generator or motor
with brake, substantially as described with reference to Figs. 4 and 5.
Dated this 29th day of December 1890.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.