IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Tom Mitchell, of Bradford, in the County of York, Spinuer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING."
Seeled the 20th Sentember 1970 and dated the 7th Anvil 10170
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Tom Mitchell at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th April 1879.
TOM MITCHELL, of Bradford, in the County of York, Spinner.
IN SPINNING."
"IMPROVEMENTS
The object of this Invention is to prevent waste and twofold when the ends
breaks; hitherto several improvements have been made in this direction with a view
to prevent the union of the broken end with the thread of the adjacent and
revolving spindle by means of petitions and other arrangements to catch hold of
the broken end. My improvement consists in such an arrangement of mechanical
parts as shall effectually stop the roving bobbin in the same instant the end breaks;
then it will be seen that no waste or twofold can possibly take place, and then the
yarn can be guaranteed against the serious defects arising froin the doubling of
yarn.
I accomplish the above object by placing the roving bobbins upon a spindle,
upon which is a small bevel wheel working into corresponding bevel wheel fixed
upon a shaft working diagonally to the spindle of roving bobbin; this diagonal
shaft is brought forward to within a few inches of the cap or fly spindle. The end
being spun is passed thro' back and front rollers in the ordinary way, but instead
of passing thro' eye in top board, it is passed thro' an eye in a balanced lever
centred on suitable carrier, the top board being dispensed with, the opposite end of
this balanced and adjustable lever terminates in a bend which, by means of the
drag and weight of thread passing thro' eye at the other end is kept clear of a
catch wheel on diagonal spindle or shaft before referred to; when the thread
breaks, the bent end of lever drops into catch wheel of shaft, and thus stops the
roving bobbin revolving.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Tom Mitchell in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th October
1879.
TOM MITCHELL, of Bradford, in the County of York, Spinner.
IN SPINNING."
"IMPROVEMENTS
The object of this Invention is to prevent waste and twofold yarn when the end
breaks; hitherto several improvements have been made in this direction, with a
view to prevent the union of the broken end with the thread of the adjacent and
revolving spindle by means of partitions and other arrangements to catch hold of
the broken end.
My improvement consists of such an arrangement of mechanical parts as shall
effectually stop the roving bobbin the same instant the end or thread of yarn
breaks; thus it will be seen that no waste or twofold yarn can possibly take place,
and thus the yarn can be guaranteed against the serious defects arising from
doubling of yarn.
I accomplish the above object by placing the roving bobbins upon a fixed or
stationary spindle, upon which is placed a small bevel wheel, to which is secured a
flange plate, having projections which fit into corresponding holes formed in the
flange of the roving bobbin, the small bevel wheel works into a corresponding bevel
wheel fixed upon a shaft working diagonally to the fixed spindle before mentioned;
this diagonal shaft is brought forward to within a few inches of the cap or fly
revolving spindle. The end or thread of yarn being spun is passed between the top
and bottom back and front rollers in the ordinary way; but instead of passing
through an eye in the top board, which is by my improvement dispensed with, it is
passed through an eye in the end of a balanced and adjustable lever which is
centred on suitable carrier. At the opposite end of this lever is a projecting catch
pin, which by means of the drag and weight of yarn passing through eye, is kept
clear of a catch wheel secured near the bottom of diagonal shaft before referred to.
The roving bobbins and diagonal shafts receive motion by means of the drag of
roving thread passing between the rollers as before described, and when any end or
thread of yarn breaks, the catch pin end of lever drops into catch wheel at bottom
of diagonal shaft, and thus stops the roving bobbin revolving.
My object can also be accomplished by forming a groove in the flanges on which
the roving bobbins rest, and grooves in the catch wheels, each flange and catch
wheel are connected by means of an endless band, so that by the roving bobbins
revolving in the manner before described, the catch wheels will revolve also; and
when any of the ends or threads of yarn break, the catch pin end of balanced lever
will full and stop the catch wheel and roving bobbin revolving, and thus stop the
supply of roving to the rollers.
It is well known to spinners and doublers that the lifter gives unequal drag.
My improvement equalizes this inequality, so much so as to reduce the breakage of
ends to a minimum, through the oscilation of the balanced adjustable lever.
In order that my Invention may be better understood, I have appended one
Sheet of Drawings illustrating such portions of a spinning frame as are required to
elucidate my Invention.
Figure 1 is an end sectional elevation of one side of a spinning frame, shewing
the arrangement by which I stop the roving bobbin by bevel gear. Figure 2 is an
enlarged section through a roving bobbin flange plate and box containing bevel
wheels, which wheels are not shown in section. Figure 3 is an end elevation
shewing a modified arrangement of stopping the roving bobbin when the yarn is
broken. In all the Figures similar letters represent similar parts.
The framework of the spinning frame is indicated by the letter A; motion is
imparted to the machine in the ordinary manner; on to the roving boards B at the
top and at each side of the frame I secure a box C opposite to each spindle; through

page_text: the centre of each of these boxes C I mount the roving pegs D; near to the bottom
of each peg I place a bevel wheel E which is secured to flange plate F; these
wheels and flange plates are free to revolve on pegs D, and in each flange plato I
fix one or more pins G which fit into corresponding holes in roving bobbin flange H.
The roving thread J is conducted between the back rollers K, carriers L, and front
rollers M, to which motion is imparted in the same manner as in ordinary spinning
frames; when the yarn J¹ passes from between the front rollers M, it is conducted
through an eye formed in one end of a balanced lever N to the bobbin on the
revolving spindle O; the balanced lever N is adjustable by means of a small weight
N secured in slot hole; this is in order to so regulate and balance the lever to suit
the weight and amount of drag required to spin the yarn. On the top rail P I
secure a number of brackets Q, corresponding to the number of spindles in the
frame; on each of these brackets is centred one of the before mentioned balanced
levers N, the end of these levers at N2 is the heaviest, at which I form a projecting
catch pin; when the drag of yarn at the opposite end of any of the balanced levers
is relieved by the yarn being broken, or from any other cause, the end of the lever
at N will fall towards the bevel catch wheel R, and the catch pin will pass into
one of the spaces formed by the teeth of wheel, and thus prevent the same from
revolving. The wheels R are secured to diagonal shafts S, which are placed opposite
to each spindle and balanced lever, and carried by bar T extending the length of
the machine; the top end of each shaft S is supported by box C, and at the top end
of each diagonal shaft is secured a bevel wheel U which gears into wheel E; thus
it will be seen that by the rollers and carriers drawing the roving threads towards
the spindles, the roving bobbins, diagonal shafts S, and wheels will revolve; and
when any of the threads of yarn J¹ break, the drag on the eye end of the lever N is
released, the lever end at N2 will fall towards the bevel catch wheel R, and the
catch pin will stop the revolving wheel R and prevent the roving bobbin
connected therewith delivering a supply of roving thread J to the front rollers, and
thus prevent waste and twofold yarn.
According to my arrangement shewn in Figure 3, I form a groove in each flange
plate F¹, also a groove in each catch wheel R'; the catch wheels and flange plates
are connected together by endless bands S', by which means the drag of the roving
thread J causes the catch wheels to revolve, and when any of the threads of yarn J¹
break, the catch pin end of balanced lever N will fall and stop the catch wheel R¹
and roving bobbin connected therewith, and thus stop the supply of roving thread
J to the rollers, and prevent waste and twofold yarn.
Having now set forth the nature of my improvements in spinning, and explained
the manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that what I
believe to be novel and original, and claim as the Invention secured to me is,-
The stoppage by means of an adjustable balanced lever, the supply of roving to
the rollers when the threads of yarn break, substantially as hereinbefore described
and illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Tom Mitchell, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Third day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy nine.
TOM MITCHELL. (L.S.)