CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE PREPARATION OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR SPINNING
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Massey, of Burnley, in the County of
Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, and James Hargreaves, junior, of the same
Place, Manager, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE PREPARATION OF COTTON
AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR SPINNING."
Sealed the 17th July 1857, and dated the 21st January 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Massey and
James Hargreaves at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 21st January 1857.
We, JOHN MASSEY, of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton
Spinner, and JAMES HARGREAVES, junior, of the same Place, Manager,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE PREPARATION OF COTTON
AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR SPINNING," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates principally to those machines used in the preparation
of cotton, &c., known as "drawing frames," and consists in the application or
adaptation of an apparatus thereto, for the purpose of stopping the drawing
rollers when the "sliver" (passing between them) breaks at any point

page_text: between the drawing rollers and the delivering rollers, or when the cotton
accumulates or lap round the drawing rollers. This is effected by means of
a suitably formed lever or beam, balanced near its centre, and bearing at one
end a table or tray, extending from the drawing rollers to the delivering
rollers, the "sliver" passing above it. The opposite end of the lever is placed
in connection with any ordinary "stop motion" used in such machines, part
of the said lever being extended, and provided, with a screw and nut for
adjusting the balance of the lever. The tray is also furnished with ledges or
receivers, projecting opposite the centres of the upper and lower drawing
rollers, and close to their peripheries. When the "sliver" breaks, the end
will fall upon the tray, upon which the tray will become overbalanced, and
thus raise the opposite end of the lever, so as to bring the "stop motion" into
work, and throw the rollers out of gear, until the ends are again attached.
A similar effect will be produced if the drawing rollers become covered with
cotton, &c., as the projecting ledges will clear them, and the weight of the
cotton falling upon the tray will stop the rollers until they are cleaned.
It will be evident, that although we have only described the application of
this apparatus to "drawing frames," it may be adapted with similar effect to
the delivering rollers of carding engines, and other machines used in the
preparation of cotton, &c., for spinning.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Massey and James Hargreaves in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 21st July 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JoHN
MASSEY, of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, and
JAMES HARGREAVES, junior, of the same Place, Manager, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said John Massey and James Hargreaves, Her especial licence that
we, the said John Massey and James Hargreaves, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said John Massey and James
Hargreaves, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter

page_text: during the term therein expressed,. should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE PREPARATION OF
COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR SPINNING," upon the condition;
amongst others, that we, the said John Massey and James Hargreaves,
or one of us, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or
under the hand and seal of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE,. that I, the said James Hargreaves, do hereby declare
the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-
Our Invention relates principally to those machines used in the préparation
of cotton, &c. known as "drawing frames," and consists in the application or
adaptation of an apparatus thereto, for the purpose of stopping the drawing
rollers when the sliver (passing between them) breaks at any point between
the drawing rollers and the delivering rollers, or when the cotton accumulates
or laps round the drawing rollers. This is effected by means of a suitably
formed lever or beam, balanced near its centre, and bearing at one end a
table or tray, extending from the drawing rollers to the delivering rollers, the
"sliver" passing above it. The opposite end of the lever is placed in con-
nection with any ordinary "stop motion" used in such machines, part of the
said lever being extended, and provided with a screw and nut for adjusting
the balance of the lever. The tray is also furnished with ledges or receivers,
projecting opposite the centres of the upper and lower drawing rollers, and
close to their peripheries. When the sliver breaks, the end will fall upon the
tray, upon which the tray will become overbalanced, and thus raise the
opposite end of the lever, so as to bring the "stop motion" into work and
throw the rollers out of gear, until the ends are again attached. A similar
effect will be produced if the drawing rollers become covered with cotton, &c.,
as the projecting ledges will clear them, and the weight of the cotton falling
upon the tray will stop the rollers until they are cleaned.
It will be evident, that although we have only described the application of
this apparatus to "drawing frames," it may be adapted with similar effect to the

page_text: delivering rollers of carding engines, and other machines used in the pre-
paration of cotton, &c., for spinning.
In order that our Invention may be better understood, we have hereunto
attached a Sheet of Drawings of the same, and made upon a scale of about
three inches to a foot, and having similar letters of reference marked upon
corresponding parts of the apparatus in all the Figures.
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of the upper portion of a "drawing frame,"
having our improvements attached, being those parts shaded with color, and
illustrating the method of stopping the drawing rollers when that motion
known as "the vibratory stopping motion" is employed; Fig. 2 is a view
of the apparatus shewn therein as applied to the "rotatory stopping motion."
In Fig. 1, a, a, is the framing of the drawing frame; b, b, b, b, are the
drawing rollers; c, c, the delivering rollers; and d is the "sliver," extending
from the carding engine can to the can for the reception of the "drawn
sliver; e, e, is the balanced lever or beam, bearing at one end the tray or
table f, and at the opposite end its adjustable counterbalance nut or weight g.
At a point between this weight and the fulcrum of the lever is situated a
rod or bar h, projecting upwards, and in connection with the vibrating arm i
by means of a cranked lever k.
The operation of the several parts of the apparatus will be readily
understood by the following description of their motions when called into
action: Supposing the sliver to have broken at any point between the
drawing rollers b, b, and the delivering rollers c, c, the broken end of the
sliver falling upon the tray or tablo f, will cause the tray and that end of
the lever to become depressed, and raising the opposite end will allow the
vibrating arm i to catch upon the lever k, and thus retain the arm i, and
bring the "stopping motion" into operation. It will also be evident that a
similar effect will be obtained from the accumulation or lapping of the
sliver or loose filaments upon the drawing rollers, as such accumulation will
be gathered into the tray from the peripheries of the rollers by means of the
projecting ledges l, l.
In Fig. 2 a similar operation will be effected by prolonging or extending
the end of the lever e, so that as the tray f falls the opposite end of the lever
will come into contact with the "rotating catch wheel" m, which is in con-
nection with the "stopping motion," and thereby stop the delivering rollers
until the ends of the "sliver" are again attached.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, together with the
manner of performing the same, we wish it to be distinctly understood that

page_text: we claim the novel and peculiar combination and arrangement of mechanism
or apparatus for effecting the above-named purpose as herein-before described,
set forth, and fully exhibited in the accompanying Drawings, or any slight
modification or variation thereof which shall be substantially the same in
operation and effect.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Hargreaves, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentieth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
JAMES HARGREAVES, JUN". (L.S.)