Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Feb., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 7th Dec., 1888
I, ALEXANDER FRANCIS GARDEN BROWN of Swindridge Muir. Dalry, Ayrshire,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
The improved rotary engine constituting this Invention consists of a cylinder
formed on or connected to a base or sole plate and having one or both of its ends
removable. Through the centre of the cylinder there extends a shaft which passes
out through stuffing boxes formed at the outer sides of the cylinder ends and from
the inner sides of each end there extends towards the centre of the cylinder a hollow
sleeve or boss the shaft also passing through these sleeves. In the space between the
inner ends of the sleeves there is secured on the shaft the eye or boss of a radial
crank arm the outer end of which is or may be in frictional contact with or be packed
steam tight against the inner face of the cylinder. The said arm has a breadth
equal to the length of the cylinder and it has on each side of it a piece which is also
packed or forced steam tight against the interior of the cylinder by a spring or
springs acting between it and the hub or boss of the radial crank arm or the said
pieces may be otherwise packed. These pieces together with the radial or crank arm
constitute the piston of the engine and one of the pieces has its side furthest away
from the crank arm made radial or nearly so whilst the corresponding side of the
other piece is in the form of a curve or flattened arc.
In conjunction with the piston there are provided two arms which are centred in
the thickness of the metal constituting the cylinder the interior surface of the cylinder
being also recessed out to receive the arms at certain parts of the stroke of the
engine. The bosses of these arms have steam ways or passages formed through
them which communicate with the exhaust port of the engine as hereinafter
set forth.
The cylinder has a valve box at one part of its circumference from the valve face
of which there extends in opposite directions two steam ways or passages these
entering the cylinder at a point which will be covered by the arms when the latter
are thrown back.

page_text: In starting the engine steam is admitted so as to act on that side of the piston
which has the straight or radial face and in so admitting the steam the outer
extremity of the arm in conjunction with the port from which the steam is issuing is
thrown or forced against the hub or boss of the piston whereby the steam is prevented
from acting except in one way. As the piston rotates each arm in succession is thrown
back into its recess by the curved side of the piston acting upon it the other arm
immediately thereafter or simultaneously therewith assuming its extended position.
The valve gear of the engine is so arranged that when the arm is extended the port
or passage through it is in communication with the exhaust port.
When it is desired that the engine should be capable of reversing both sides of
the piston may be curved as herein before set forth and instead of having two arms
which in conjunction with the piston divide the interior of the cylinder into two
chambers three or other number of arms may be provided in which case the engine
may work with a triple, quadruple or greater number of expansions the ports or
passages being so arranged that the steam exhausted from one chamber passes in
Succession through the remaining chambers of the cylinder.
Date ::
1
ד
1000
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow,
Agents.

page_text: I, ALEXANDER FRANCIS GARDEN BROWN of Swindridge Muir, Dalry, Ayrshire,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
-
This invention relates to improvements in single acting and in reversing rotary
engines the improved engine being capable of working as a compound engine or with
triple, quadruple or other number of expansions.
On the accompanying drawings figure 1 is a side elevation, figure 2 a transverse
section, figure 3 a longitudinal vertical section and figure 4 an end elevation of a
single acting rotary engine constructed in accordance with my improvements and as
shewn by these figures the improved engine consists of a cylinder A the body of
which is formed on or connected to a sole or base plate B both ends of the cylinder
being removable. Through the centre of the cylinder there extends a shaft C
which passes out through stuffing boxes D the glands of which are so formed
that they project into the body of and towards the centre of the cylinder thus
constituting hollow sleeves or bosses surrounding the shaft . In the space between
the inner ends of the glands E there is secured on the shaft the eye or boss of a
radial or crank arm F whose outer end extends into a recess made in a piston piece G
the piston piece occupying the full breadth of the cylinder between its removable
ends. The inner edge of the piston piece rests steam tight upon and rotates around
the glands E which are capable of being screwed up to provide for wear of the sides
of the eye of the crank arm F against which the glands abut. At its outer edge the
piston piece is packed by a packing strip a extending across the breadth of the
piston in a slot or recess made for its reception the packing strip being held tight
against the interior of the cylinder by springs & placed in the recess behind it. "In
addition to the said packing a the ends of the piston may be packed by similar strips
and springs acting against the removable ends or covers of the cylinder. In con-
junction with the piston G there are provided two arms H, H', one end of each of
which is situated in a recess made in the thickness of the cylinder for its reception
the interior bore of the cylinder being also recessed as seen at c figure 3 to receive
the other ends of these arms as they are pushed back successively by the piston during
its rotation. The arms H, H, also extend across the full breadth of the cylinder
between its removable ends against which they are packed steam tight by the packing
strips seen at figure which is a side elevation of one arm. The bosses of the
said armis have steam ways or passages d formed in them which communicate with
exhaust passages made in the cylinder and with an exhaust pipe I. The end of the
steam way has or inay have a piece y fitted into it which is forced tight against the
exhaust passage e by the pressure of steam behind it and in addition to the packing
strips another packing for the arms may be inserted at w. The inner ends of the
arms H H are so formed that when extended they rest steam tight against the

page_text: glands E and eye of the crank arm F and the recesses in the cylinders in which
these arms lie when moved back by the rotating piston G are preferably so shaped
that when the arms are thrown back there is a space between the surfaces of the
arms and of the recess as indicated in dotted lines at figure 3.
The cylinder A has a valve box J at each side from which a port extends into the
recess c so that the said ports are covered by the arms H, H', when they are thrown
back by the piston G. In the valve boxes J any suitable arrangement of steam
distributing valves may be employed.
The valves K, K², shown on the drawings are oscillating valves the spindles K¹ of
which pass out through stuffing boxes Land have cranks M secured on their outer
ends these cranks being connected by links N to a pin N₁ fixed eccentrically in a
disc O keyed on the shaft Cor instead of this any other suitable arrangement of valve
gear, and by the rotation of which the valves K, K², will operate to supply and cut
off steam alternately may be substituted.
In starting the engine constructed as hereinbefore described steam is admitted
so as to act on the side X of the piston the opening of the steam port having the
effect of first forcing the arm H down the face of the piston G until the inner
end of the arm is in contact with the glands E the steam being thereby prevented
from acting except to rotate the piston in the direction of the arrow figure 3. At
the same time the exhaust passage d in the hub or boss of the arm H so forced down
is opened to that part of the cylinder which receives steam from the other
distributing valve K² and to the port e thereby exhausting the steam from that
part of the cylinder and preventing back pressure on the rotating piston.
Immediately on passing the position shewn at figure 3 the piston G begins to act
on the other arm Hand to push it into its recess from which it is again forced
down by the pressure of steam supplied through the port opening to the said recoss
when the face of the piston has passed that point.
Figure 5 of the drawings is a longitudinal vertical section figure 6 a side elevation
figure 7 an elevation of the end marked 1 and figure 8 an elevation of the end
marked 2 figure 6 of a reversing rotary engine constructed in accordance with my
invention. When arranged to reverse, the engine is provided with two sets of
arms Hone set of which remain dormant whilst the piston G is rotating in one
direction and the other whilst the piston is rotating in the opposite direction. The
boss of each arm (in which exhaust ports d are formed as before described) has a
spindle secured in one end of it the said spindle passing through a stuffing box and
gland in one of the removable covers of the cylinder and having a lever or crank P
keyed upon it. In conjunction with the said levers or cranks there is provided a
parallel motion seen more particularly at figure 8 and which consists of two levers Q
centred upon the cylinder cover at Q and having their ends connected by links R the
connecting pins projecting and acting as stops to the movement of one set of the
levers P and the armis H to which these levers are connected according to the position
of the said levers and links. At each side of the cylinder a piston distributing
valve K. is situated in a valve casing K which has two steam poris,, one port
being formed through the valve which is brought into communication with the
ports i or and with distributing ports 7, made in the cylinder accordingly as one
or other of the sets of arms H is in operation. The piston valves K, K, are con-
nected by links S to bell crank levers T centred upon studs T' the upper arms of the
levers being coupled by a link U. On one of the studs or spindles Ta lever V is
-keyed the other end of the said lever being connected to a block sliding in the slot of
a reversing link W, to which eccentrics m, m³, for actuating the valves K, K², are
attached the eccentrics being situated upon the main shaft C." The reversing link W
is connected by a link to a lever o centred at its lower end on one of the cylinder
covers the said lever being provided with a spring catch which takes into notches p, p',
in a quadranty also secured to the cylinder cover. One eccentric is provided for
forward and the other for backward rotation of the piston G the valves K, K², being
shifted to supply steam through the ports or of the cylinder as desired by operating
the lever o the movement of the lever to the notch p¹ having the effect of bringing

page_text: the eccentric m into action and of supplying steam through the ports and of
actuating the arms H shewn to be in operation on figure 5 the effect of which is to
rotate the piston in the direction of the arrow whilst the shifting of the lever to the
notch brings the port of the piston into position to supply steam to the cylinder
through the ports so in conjunction with the other set of arms H actuating the
piston in the opposite direction the arms H which are for the time being out of action
being held stationary by their levers P and the parallel motion Q, R, as before
described. To supply steam through the port the rod of the eccentric m' must be
made longer than that of the eccentric m. One link R of the parallel motion is
extended the extension having notches cut in it one of which engages with a pin
or study projecting from the cylinder cover and by so preventing vibration of the
parallel motion holds one set of levers P and arms H in their dormant position until
the direction of rotation of the piston is reversed in which case the steam acting on
the back of the previously dormant arms H automatically shifts the levers and
links R until the other notch engages with the study or instead of this motion
any other suitable valve motion may be adopted.
The improved engine constructed either as a single acting or reversing engine may
be made to work expansively by arranging the valves K K to cut off steam at any
desired part of the stroke of the piston G and by the employment of two or more
cylinders the exhaust ports of the first of which communicate with the steam
ports of the next in series-the engine may be adapted to operate as a compound
engine or as an engine with triple quadruple or other number of expansions.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what
I claim is
1. The general arrangement and combination of parts constituting the improved
single acting rotary engine hereinbefore described with reference to figures 1, 2, 3
and 4 of the accompanying drawings.
2. The general arrangement and combination of parts, constituting the improved
rotary reversing engine hereinbefore described with reference to figures 5, 6, 7 and 8
of the annexed drawings.
3. In a rotary engine the combination of the piston G arms H having exhaust ports
therein and distributing valves K, K2, arranged to act substantially as described with
reference to figures 1, 2, 3, and, 4 of the appended drawings.
4. In a rotary engine the combination of the glands E crank arm F and piston G
arranged substantially as described with reference to figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the
accompanying drawings.
5. In a reversing rotary engine the combination of the piston G arms H having
exhaust ports therein and distributing valves K, K2, arranged to act substantially as
described with reference to figures 5, 6, 7 and 8 of the drawings annexed.
This Pinst day of November 1888
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow,
Agents.

page_text: 1, ALEXANDER FRANCIS GARDEN BROWN of Swindridge Muir, Dalry, Ayrshire,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
The improved rotary engine constituting this Invention consists of a cylinder
formed on or connected to a base or sole plate and having one or both of its ends
removable. Through the centre of the cylinder there extends a shaft which passes
out through stuffing boxes formed at the outer sides of the cylinder ends and from
the inner sides of each end there extends towards the centre of the cylinder a hollow
sleeve or boss the shaft also passing through these sleeves. In the space between the
inner ends of the sleeves there is secured on the shaft the eye or boss of a radial
crank arm the outer end of which is or may be in frictional contact with or be packed
steam tight against the inner face of the cylinder. The said arm has a breadth
equal to the length of the cylinder and it has on each side of it a piece which is also
packed or forced steam tight against the interior of the cylinder by a spring or
springs acting between it and the hub or boss of the radial crank arm or the said
pieces may be otherwise packed. These pieces together with the radial or crank arm
constitute the piston of the engine and one of the pieces has its side furthest away
from the crank arm made radial or nearly so whilst the corresponding side of the
other piece is in the form of a curve or flattened arc.
In conjunction with the piston there are provided two arms which are centred in
the thickness of the metal constituting the cylinder the interior surface of the cylinder
being also recessed out to receive the arins at certain parts of the stroke of the
engine. The bosses of these arms have steam ways or passages formed through
them which communicate with the exhaust port of the engine as hereinafter
set forth.
The cylinder has a valve box at one part of its circumference from the valve face
of which there extends in opposite directions two steam ways or passages these
entering the cylinder at a point which will be covered by the arms when the latter
are thrown back.

page_text: In starting the engine steam is admitted so as to act on that side of the piston
which has the straight or radial face and in so admitting the steam the outer
extremity of the arm in conjunction with the port from which the steam is issuing is
thrown or forced against the hub or boss of the piston whereby the steam is prevented
from acting except in one way. As the piston rotates each arm in succession is thrown
back into its recess by the curved side of the piston acting upon it the other arm
immediately thereafter or simultaneously therewith assuming its extended position.
The valve gear of the engine is so arranged that when the arm is extended the port
or passage through it is in communication with the exhaust port.
When it is desired that the engine should be capable of reversing both sides of
the piston may be curved as hereinbefore set forth and instead of having two arms
which in conjunction with the piston divide the interior of the cylinder into two
chambers three or other number of arms may be provided in which case the engine
may work with a triple, quadruple or greater number of expansions the ports or
passages being so arranged that the steam exhausted from one chamber passes in
succession through the remaining chambers of the cylinder.

page_text: 1, ALEXANDER FRANCIS GARDEN BROWN of Swindridge Muir, Dalry, Ayrshire,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be perforined, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:
This invention relates to improvements in single acting and in reversing rotary
engines the improved engine being capable of working as a compound engine or with
triple, quadruple or other number of expansions.
On the accompanying drawings figure 1 is a side elevation, figure 2 a transverse
section, figure 3 a longitudinal vertical section and figure 4 an end elevation of a
single acting rotary engine constructed in accordance with my improvements. and as
shown by these figures the improved engine consists of a A is the cylinder the
body of which is formed on or connected to a sole or base plate B both ends of the
cylinder being removable. Through the centre of the cylinder there extends a shaft
which passes out through stuffing boxes D the glands E of which are so formed
that they project into the body of and towards the centre of the cylinder thus
constituting hollow sleeves or bosses surrounding the shaft C. In the space between
the inner ends of the glands E there is secured on the shaft the eye or boss of a
radial or-erenk arm F whose outer end extends into a recess made in a piston piece G
the piston piece occupying the full breadth of the cylinder between its removable
ends. The inner edge of the piston piece rests steam tight upon and rotates around
the glands E which are capable of being screwed up to provide for wear of the sides
At its outer edge the
of the eye of the erank arm F against which the glands abut.
piston piece G is packed by a packing strip a extending across the breadth of the
piston in a slot or recess made for its reception the packing strip being held tight
against the interior of the cylinder by springs b placed in the recess behind it. In
addition to the said packing a the ends of the piston may be packed by similar strips
and springs acting against the removable ends or covers of the cylinder. In con-
junction with the piston G there are provided two arms flaps or abutments H, H', one
end of each of which is situated in a recess made in the thickness of the cylinder for
its reception the interior bore of the cylinder being also recessed as seen at c figure 3
to receive the other ends of these arms flaps as they are pushed back successively by
the piston during its rotation. The arms flaps H, H₁, also extend across the full
breadth of the cylinder between its removable ends against which they are packed
steam tight by the packing strips seen at figure 5ª which is a side elevation of one
arın. The bosses of the said arms flaps have steam ways or passages d formed in them
which communicate with exhaust passages e made in the cylinder and with an exhaust
pipe 1. The end of the steam way has or may have a piece y fitted into it which is
forced tight against the exhaust passage e by the pressure of steam behind it and in
addition to the packing strips another packing for the arms flaps may be inserted
at w. The inner ends of the arms flaps H H are so formed that when extended they
rest steam tight against the glands E and eye of the erank arm F and the recesses c
"

page_text: in the cylinders in which these arms flaps lie when moved back by the rotating
piston Gare preferably so shaped that when the arms flaps are thrown back there is a
space between the surfaces of the arms flaps and of the recess as indicated in dotted
lines at figure 3.
The cylinder A has a valve box J at each side from which a port f extends into the
recess c so that the said ports are covered by the arms flaps H, H', when they are
thrown back by the piston G. In the valve boxes Jany suitable arrangement of steam
distributing valves may be employed.
The valves K, K2, shown on the drawings are oscillating valves the spindles K³ of
which pass out through stuffing boxes Land have cranks M secured on their outer
ends these cranks being connected by links N to a pin N fixed eccentrically in a
dise Okeyed on the shaft C or instead of this any other suitable arrangement of valve
gear, and by the rotation of which the valves K, K², will operate to supply and cut
off steam alternately may be substituted.
:
In starting To start the engine constructed-as-herein before described steam is
admitted so as to act on the side X of the piston the opening of the steam port
having the effect of first forcing the am flup H down the face of the piston G
until the inner end of the arm is in contact with the glands E the steam being
thereby prevented from acting except to rotate the piston in the direction of the
arrow figure 3. At the same time the exhaust passage d in the hub or boss of
the arm flap H so forced down is opened to that part of the cylinder which
receives steam from the other distributing valve K2 and to the port e thereby
exhausting the steam from that part of the cylinder and preventing back pressure
on the rotating piston. Immediately on passing the position shewn at figure 3
the piston begins to act on the other arm flap H¹ and to push it into its
recess c from which it is again forced down by the pressure of steam supplied
through the port fopening to the said recess when the face X of the piston has passed
that point.
Figure 5 of the drawings is a longitudinal vertical section figure 6 a side elevation
figure 7 an elevation of the end marked 1 and figure 8 an elevation of the end
marked 2 figure 6 of a reversing rotary engine constructed in accordance with my
invention. When arranged to reverse, the engine is provided with two sets of
arms Aaps Hone set of which remain dormant whilst the piston G is rotating.in
one direction and the other whilst the piston is rotating in the opposite direction. The
boss of each arm flap (in which exhaust ports d are formed as before described) has a
spindle secured in one end of it the said spindle passing through a stuffing box and
gland in one of the removable covers of the cylinder and having a lever or crank P
keyed upon it. In conjunction with the said levers or cranks there is provided a
parallel motion seen more particularly at figure 8 and which consists of two levers Q
centred upon the cylinder cover at Qand having their ends connected by links R the
connecting pins projecting and acting as stops to the movement of one set of the
levers P and the arms flaps El to which these levers are connected according to
the position of the said levers and links. At each side of the cylinder a piston
distributing valve K is situated in a valve casing K' which has two steam ports i, i¹,
one port being formed through the valve which is brought into communication with
the ports or and with distributing ports 1, ' made in the cylinder accordingly as
one or other of the sets of arms flaps is in operation. The piston valves K, K³, are
connected by links :S to bell crank levers T centred upon studs. T the upper arms of
ne levers being coupled by a link U. On one of the studs or spindles T a lever V is
keyed the other end of the said lever being connected to a block sliding in the slot.of
a reversing link W, to which eccentrics m, m', for actuating the valves K, K, are
attached the eccentrics being situated upon the main shaft C. The reversing link W
is connected by a link n to a lever o centred at its lower end on one of the cylinder
covers, the said lever being provided with a spring catch which takes into notches p,',
in a quadranty also secured to the cylinder cover. One eccentric is provided for
for waid and the other for backward rotation of the piston 'G the valves K, K, being
shifted to supply steam through the ports or l'of the cylinder as desired by operating:

page_text: the lever o the movement of the lever to the notch p' having the effect of bringing
the eccentric m into action and of supplying steam through the ports and of
actuating the arms flaps H shewn to be in operation on figure 5 the effect of
which is to rotate the piston in the direction of the arrow whilst the shifting
of the lever to the notch p brings the port of the piston into position to supply
steam to the cylinder through the ports so in conjunction with the other set of
arms flaps H actuating the piston in the opposite direction the arms flaps H which
are for the time being out of action being held stationary by their levers P and
the parallel motion Q, R, as before described. To supply steam through the port 1
the rod of the eccentric m¹ must be made longer than that of the eccentric m.
One link R of the parallel motion is extended the extension having notches '
cut in it one of which engages with a pin or stud y projecting from the cylinder
cover and by so preventing vibration of the parallel motion holds one set of levers P
and arms flaps H in their dormant position until the direction of rotation of the
piston is reversed in which case the steam acting on the back of the previously
dormant arms flaps H automatically shifts the levers Q and links R until the
other notch a engages with the study' or instead of this motion any other suitable
valve motion may be adopted.
.1
The improved engine constructed either as a single acting or reversing engine may
be made to work expansively by arranging the valves K K to cut off steam at any
desired part of the stroke of the piston G and by the employment of two or more
cylinders: the exhaust ports of the first of which communicate with the steam
ports of the next in series:-the engine may be adapted to operate as a compound
engine or as an engine with triple quadruple or other number of expansions.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. The general arrangement and combination of parts constituting the improved
single noting rotary engine hereinbefore-described with reference to figures 1, 2, 3
and 4 of the accompanying drawings.
2. The general arrangement and combination of parts, constituting the improved
rotury-reversing engine hereinbefore described with reference to figures 5, 6, 7 and 8
of the annexed-drawings.
3. In a rotary engine the combination of the piston G-arms I having exhaust ports
therein and distributing valves-K, K², arranged to net substantially as described with
reference to figures 1, 2, 3, und, 1 of the appended drawings.
4. In-a-rotary engine the combination of the glands E crank arm F and piston-G
arranged substantially as described with reference to figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the
accompanying drawings,
6. In a reversing rotary engine the combination of the piston Garms H having
exhaust ports therein and distributing valves K, I², urrunged to-net substantially as
described with reference to-figures 5, 6, 7 and 8 of the drawings annexed.
1. The improved single acting rotary engine as shewn and described with reference to
Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the accompanying drawings.
2. The improved reversing rotary engine as shewn and described with reference to
Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8 of the accompanying drawings.
3. In a rotary engine the combination of the piston G, flaps or abutments H having
exhaust ports therein, and distributing valves K, K arranged to act substantially as
shewn and described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this Kirst day of Narambar 1888
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow,
Agents.