IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF PIGMENTS SUITABLE FOR PRINTING UPON PAPER AND WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Dale, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemist, and Richard Samuel Dale, B.A., of
the same Place. Chemist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
Sealed the 2nd January 1866, and dated the 4th July 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Dale and Richard
Samuel Dale at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 4th July 1865.
We, JOHN DALE, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manu-
facturing Chemist, and RICHARD SAMUEL DALE, B.A., of the same Place,
Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF PIGMENTS SUITABLE FOR PRINTING UPON PAPER AND
WOVEN FABRICS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in the production of coloured pigments by treating
other pigments with colouring matters for which they have an affinity, so that
they act as true mordaunts, and are dyed by the said colouring matters.
In order to explain the nature of our Invention, we give the following
particulars :-We take 100 gallons of a solution of quercitron bark of specific
gravity 1.06, and we dilute this with 100 gallons of water. We now add one
gallon of a solution of perchloride of tin of specific gravity 1.60.
The

page_text: resulting precipitate we wash, and then diffuse it through boiling water;
after which it is dyed with a certain amount of aniline colour to produce the
desired shade. We find that the precipitate from 100 gallons of aforesaid
bark liquor requires 8 lbs. of aniline red to bring it to a full shade.
Instead of the quercitron bark above mentioned, we can use fustic, catechu,
or other analogous substance, and dye the precipitate with mauve, magenta,
or other colouring matter derived from coal tar.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Dale and Richard Samuel Dale in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 3rd January 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
DALE, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemist,
and RICHARD SAMUEL DALE, B.A., of the same Place, Chemist, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, and in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,.
the said John Dale and Richard Samuel Dale, Her special license that we,
the said John Dale and Richard Samuel Dale, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said John Dale and Richard
Samuel Dale, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF PIGMENTS FOR PRINTING UPON PAPER AND WOVEN
FABRICS," upon the condition, amongst others, that we, the said John Dale
and Richard Samuel Dale, by an instrument in writing under our hands and
seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Samuel Dale, do hereby
declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same

page_text: is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say) :-
.
Our Invention consists in first producing a colored pigment from any of
the following materials, namely, solutions of the extracts of querciton bark,
fustic, catechu, or other analogous substance. We take a solution of such
substance, and' add so much of a solution of a metallic salt, by preference a
solution of tin or alumina, as will be sufficient to precipitate the whole of the
colouring matter. The quantity of the precipitant required will vary with the
strength and quantity of solutions employed, and in all cases so much of the
metallic salt is employed until a filtered solution of the mixture gives no
further precipitate on the fresh addition of the metallic salt. In this way
pigments are obtained varying in colour according to the material employed.
They are then washed with water until they exhibit no acid reaction, and are
then in a fit condition to be used.
According to the next operation, as mordaunts for the reception of what
are now called aniline colours, to effect this we proceed as follows:-We
take any one of the precipitates above mentioned, and treat the same with a
solution of the coal tar colour required, and continue the addition thereof so
long as it is taken up by the precipitate, and this in all cases is ascertained by
taking a portion of the mixture, filtering the same, and if in the clear liquor
an excess of the coal tar colour is seen sufficient has been added.
A great
variety of shades and colours may be obtained according to the nature of the
precipitate used and the mixture of the coal tar colours employed.
The following is an example for the production of a maroon:-We take
one hundred gallons of a solution of querciton bark of specific gravity 1.06,
and we dilute this with one hundred gallons of water. We now add one
gallon of a solution of perchloride of tin of specific gravity 1-60. The resulting
precipitate we wash, and then diffuse it through boiling water; after which it
is dyed with a certain amount of aniline colour to produce the desired shade.
We find that the precipitate from one hundred gallons of the aforesaid bark
liquor requires eight pounds of aniline red to bring it to a full shade.
If we wish to produce a green, we take, instead of a solution of magenta a
solution of aniline blue, and continue the addition thereof until the shade of
colour has been obtained, in no case adding more than is taken up by the
precipitate. Coloured pigments thus produced may be used in any ordinary
manner for printing upon paper and woven fabrics.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of our said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, we desire it to be
understood that we claim as secured to us under the above in part recited

page_text: Letters Patent the use of precipitates obtained from querciton bark, fustic,
catechu, and other analogous substances, with metallic salts as mordaunts for
the reception of coal tar colours for the production of pigments.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Samuel Dale, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Second day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
R. S. DALE, B.A. (L.S.)