IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COLORING MATTER FOR DYEING AND PRINTING
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ludwig Schad, of Warrington, in the County of
Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemist, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COLORING MATTER FOR DYEING AND
PRINTING."
Sealed the 27th April 1866, and dated the 2nd November 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ludwig Schad at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd November 1865.
I, LUDWIG SCHAD, of Warrington, in the County of Lancaster, Manu-
facturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COLORING MATTER FOR DYEING AND
PRINTING, to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the production of blue and violet coloring
matters.
First, I obtain blue and violet coloring matters by heating a mixture of
the base of rosaniline, together with aniline or its homologues or mixtures
of the same, to which I add alkaloid quinine or any of its salts. The
proportions I use are about thirty-two parts rosaniline, one part sulphate
of quinine, and one hundred and twenty-eight parts of aniline.
Secondly, I produce blue or violet coloring matters by heating a coloring
matter which I call ethylene violet, a color which is the subject of a
previous Patent granted to me, dated the Ninth day of August One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, Number 2070, with aniline or its

page_text: homologues or mixtures of the same, together with acetic or other organic
acid, until the desired shade is produced. The proportions I use are about
two parts of ethylene violet, one part acetate of soda, and eight parts of
aniline.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Ludwig Schad in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 2nd May 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, LUDWIG
SCHAD, of Warrington, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturing
Chemist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Ludwig Schad, Her special license that I, the
said Ludwig Schad, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Ludwig Schad, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COLORING MATTER
FOR DYEING AND PRINTING," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Ludwig Schad, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Ludwig Schad, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say) :-
First, I obtain blue and violet coloring matters by heating a mixture of
the base of rosaniline, together with aniline or its homologues or mixtures
of the same, to which I add the alkaloid quinine or any of its salts. The
temperature I prefer is about 180° to 185° centigrade. The proportions

page_text: I consider best are sixteen parts rosanaline, one part of sulphate of quinine
(the basic salt of the trade) and forty-eight parts of aniline; or, instead
of sulphate of quinine, sulphate of cinchonine. This mixture is heated in
a suitable vessel for some hours. In using this process the greater portion
of the blue is got in the form of base, it therefore requires the addition of
a little acid before the color can be judged. The finished semi-fluid mixture
is poured in diluted spirit of salt, to obtain the blue salt, and to take the
free aniline out the blue is at the same time precipitated and boiled out
with water and dissolved in spirits of wine ready for dyeing.
Secondly, I produce blue or violet coloring matter by treating a coloring
matter which I call ethylene violet, a color which is the subject of a pre-
vious Patent granted to me, bearing date the Ninth day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, No. 2070,
with aniline or its homologues, or mixtures of the same, together with
acetate of soda, until the desired shade is produced. I prefer a tempera-
ture of 150° centigrade. The proportions I consider best are two parts
ethylene violet, one part of acetate of soda, and six parts of aniline. This
mixture is heated in a suitable vessel until the desired shade is produced.
The finished mixture is washed in diluted spirit of salt to take the
free aniline out, and the precipitated color boiled in water and dissolved
in spirits of wine ready for dyeing.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be
distinctly understood that I claim the improvements in the manufacture
of coloring matter for dyeing and printing as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ludwig Schad, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by
the within-named
Ludwig
Schad, in the presence of
E. J. HUGHES,
LUDWIG SCHAD. (L.S.)
Patent Agent,
Manchester.