An Improved Motor.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Apr., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 24th Jan., 1894-Accepted, 10th Apr., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Motor.
GEORGES JUSTIN JOSEPH LEGRAND Merchant 343, Holloway Road London N.
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
An improved motor consisting of wheels placed in a tank containing mercury or
heavy liquid and water or light liquid, with a quadruple acting air pump placed
above being actuated by the wheels to force air into vanes or pockets on said
wheels, one or more of the wheels being geared so as to revolve quicker than the
other and containing less vanes or pockets filled with air than the others, the
quicker speed wheel or wheels being provided with disc wheel and gearing to work
pumps rapidly or chains or bands are arranged to work down cylinders or balls
through liquid and onto wheels, power produced works levers driving other
machinery. An improved or principal motor by the means of two or more wheels
geared or chained or banded together either side by side or one above the other or
one opposite the other to revolve in the same or the contrary direction preferably
arranged to receive air in pockets on the periphery inside or outside of the wheels
in a greater number of pockets or vanes on the one wheel or wheels than in the
other wheel or wheels such wheels being so geared as to cause one or some of the
wheels to go round at greater speed than the others, the speed wheel or wheels
having a larger disc wheel fixed solid at its center with a groove in said wheel's
circumference in which a band or chain runs which band, etc., also runs round a
much smaller pulley fixed above from which pulley a lever or gear or band or
chain works a system of quadruple air pumps or the said disc wheel may be geared
direct to the pulley that works the lever or series of levers working the air pump
or pumps. The pumps consist of a couple or more of bell shaped cylinders each
working in its own chamber closed at top and supplied with inlet and outlet pipes
supplied with inlet and outlet valves said bells or cylinders, working in mercury or
other dense liquid or water or other liquid and upon their upward and downward
strokes repelling and drawing in air the supply air pipes leading preferably to a
tank or reservoir for the purpose which is kept filled with compressed air from
whence it goes by pipes to the center of the hubs of wheels into which hubs a cone
shaped top or ring enters with elongated cuts into ring or cone so as to allow of air
going out and entering through the hollow spokes of the wheels into the pockets or
vanes on the wheels, or instead of rings or cones, etc., a flat surface piece may be
placed against the center or hubs of wheels with cuts or perforations arranged to
supply same with air through hollow spokes as said; instead of air being supplied
through center of wheels a pipe or pipes from reservoir or pumps may lead the air
to the vanes on wheels first passing through a certain column of mercury or dense
or light liquid or the air pressure may cause a spring or other valve to rise allowing
said air to go out and expelling the water or other liquid out of the vanes or
pockets on wheels fill them with air thus rendering them buoyant and causing the
wheels to revolve such wheels being immersed wholly, or partly in liquid the
pockets or vanes will empty of air upon reaching top of water and they will refill
with liquid upon their descending on the other side the air in the tanks above the
wheels may either be compressed or ambiant non compressed; if compressed there
would be a covering on top of the tank or tanks and the pumps at each stroke
would work down compressed air, if non compressed air be used then the size of the
bell cylinders in pumps would be larger so as to allow for compression of the air
upon being forced down against the column of liquid and to be of sufficient quantity
in the pockets or vanes, etc., on the wheels; instead of air pumps an injector

page_text: system can be used worked by the rush of out going air from vanes or pockets on
wheels or any other system of pumps can be used to give required speed to one or
more of the wheels a sun and planet motion worked by gearing or chain or band
may be used or any other kind of suitable gear wheels or a system of large gear
wheel being connected at its center with another gear wheel smaller into which
another gear wheel larger attached to the motor wheel gears the other motor
wheel at its center having a smaller gear wheel which would in turn gear with the
outside periphery of the large independant gear wheel above described or a train
of gear wheels arranged for size so as to give one or more of the motor wheels a
quicker revolution such speed wheels being those that work the air pumps whilst
the other slower speed wheels with a greater number of air filled pockets in them
being geared or chained or banded with the others are those that really are the
power wheels causing them to revolve both sets of wheels being thus a mutual help
the wheels as explained can work down by means of endless band, chain, or other
mechanism a row of closely following or distanced balls or cylinders of light
material such cylinders either descending through a tube containing mercury at
bottom, or heavy liquid, whose end would go close to the rim inside or outside of
the motor wheels delivering them on the required point of said wheels upon reaching
surface of water or light liquid into which the wheels revolve they would go
between wiping rollers and down the tube forming weight upon the balls or
cylinders pressing through mercury at bottom of tube, the tube slightly above level
of mercury has a pipe leading off water that may collect there from the balls or
cylinders such liquid may be repumped into the reservoir or a supply of liquid be
kept up in the reservoir by ball cock or any automatic system for that which is
going away to waste, instead of a tube as explained the cylinders may be taken
down direct onto the wheels such wheels being preferably placed side by side and
geared so as to revolve in one-direction both being same speed wheels with band or
chain around disc at center to connect both and to drive small pulley placed above
arranged to revolve quickly so as to bring down balls or cylinders on one or two
bands or chains going at same or different speeds for the purpose of bringing down
the cylinders rapidly and following or spaced on such band bands chain or chains
releasing them off said chains at bottom onto a sloping fixed guide or guides
for the purpose of sending them off again onto their respective wheels on their
inside or outside periphery instead of the two wheels going at the same speed one
may go much faster than the other by being properly geared and on the fastest one
preferably place a lesser number of cylinders on the hooks or forks or projections
formed for this purpose on the wheels the cylinders or balls being also brought
down on one or more bands or chains at one or different speeds so as to have less
balls to bring down through or near center or outside of the wheels those balls
upon the periphery of the wheels being many and with a great leverage overcoming
those on the chains or bands or chain or band worked as described forming a
lesser leverage and the power derived from the wheels would preferably be
taken from near the center or at any point nearer the rim of wheels the end of
a long lever being pinned thereonto which upon being raised and lowered on
the rotation of the said wheels would work at the short end of lever where
fulcrumed any system of cranks sun and planet motion or gear wheels or chain
or band which would produce the power required to drive machinery the wheels
as explained can revolve a chain and buckets system or by means of the pumps
can bring up liquid near their center such liquid to be distributed into the
vanes or pockets of one or the other wheels in turns such wheels being placed
above the reservoir containing the liquid a screw shaped vessel can be employed
up which a number of light cylinders or balls will ascend such screw being
submerged in liquid and either through center at top of said screw the balls will
come out revolving such screw, being attached by chain or band and down
through center in a tube or on a band in a straight line going into screw again
at the bottom and reascending again in a larger number than those being brought
down through the center or outside in a straight line instead of said screw

page_text: revolving in liquid the base only may revolve in mercury and the whole inside
may contain liquid in which the balls will ascend revolving said screw with
them and outside running down over and under two pulleys on a continuous band
or down a tube; two cylinders may be used whose tops are connected by an
open pipe said cylinders having each a pipe dipping in a tank containing liquid
placed below said pipes being fitted with return and non return valves under the
cylinders a wheel with vanes or pockets is placed filled with water on its one side
and said wheel or wheels has rods attached to pistons in cylinders one piston being
up in one cylinder water is sucked up under it filling said cylinder upon the wheel
revolving the other piston in the next cylinder ascends through suction its piston
by a rod being attached to the motor wheel working upwardly and sucking up
water underneath it thus filling up that cylinder one cylinder and one side of the
wheel are always full against having only to raise liquid in the other cylinder each
in turns the piston in cylinder may be full or hollow or may be only light balls or
cylinders or bells which being fixed by rods to the wheels help to revolve samne or
they may be fixed first to a lever or levers equally balanced whose center will be
attached by a rod giving it necessary swing like a pendulum of a clock but
actuated by the motor wheel sufficiently to raise and lower the pistons for the
charging and discharging the cylinders of liquid there may be no piston bells, etc.,
and only suction cause the liquid to enter one or the other cylinder outlet valves
from the cylinders allow the liquid to run into the pockets or vanes of the wheels
to keep same supplied from near center or from rim of one or the other wheel or
wheels a lever or levers pinned there may work at its short end any system of cranks
or gearing etc., for producing required power or the power may be taken from center
or about of the motor wheels by gearing or belts or chains, etc., etc., brakes can be
applied in the usual manner from center or from the periphery of wheels to reverse
motion as motor wheels go only in one direction throw an extra toothed wheel into
gear; ball bearings may be fitted to the center of revolving wheels and oil cups
may be placed where required. Governors may act so as to apply brakes upon the
wheels going at more than a required speed.
Dated the 8th day of April 1893.
GEORGES JUSTIN JOSEPH LEGRAND.
COMPLETE
SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Motor.
I, GEORGES JUSTIN JOSEPH LEGRAND of 343, Holloway Road London N.
Merchant do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improved motor similar in principle to some extent
to that embodied in Patent No. 8656 granted to me on the 7th day of May 1892
and consists of an arrangement of wheels which are situated in a tank or similar
vessel containing two liquids the densities of which differ considerably, such as
mercury and water or a single light or heavy liquid may be used in place
thereof.
A quadruple acting air pump is placed above these wheels and supplies air to a
cavity situated in the centre of said wheels from whence it escapes through radial
tubes to buckets or pockets situated on the peripheries thereof, and escaping from
these gives rotary motion to the wheel or wheels. This pump is connected to and
operated by one or more of said wheels, which wheels are arranged to revolve
quicker and contain less air pockets than the other wheel or wheels not geared to
the pump; the power generated or produced by the motion of the wheels not
connected with the pump being utilised for other purposes.

page_text: A further modification of this invention consists in arranging two or more
wheels suitably geared with each other either side by side, one above the other, or
opposite each other, and arranged to revolve in the same or opposite direction to
one another. Buckets or pockets are arranged on the peripheries either inside
or outside thereof, one wheel having a greater number of buckets or pockets than
the other and being so geared as to revolve at different speeds, the driving wheel
having a large disc affixed at the centre thereof such disc being provided with a
groove for the reception of an endless band or chain, which operates a pulley fixed
in any desired position but in such a manner as to work a set of pumps. If desired
however the disc wheel may he connected by levers working direct with the air
pumps. These pumps consist of two or more bell-shaped cylinders working
independently in separate chambers which are closed at the top and provided with
inlet and outlet pipes having suitable flap valves therein; the bell shaped cylinders
work in mercury or other dense liquid or mercury and water may be employed,
the upward and downward movement of the bell-shaped cylinders charging and
discharging air to a tank or similar vessel, from whence it is allowed to escape,
when requisite, by curved pipes to cavities situated in the centre of the wheels and
escaping therefrom through the before mentioned radial tubes to the pockets or
buckets situated on the peripheries of the wheels.
Instead of air being supplied from the cavities in the centre of the wheels
through the before mentioned radial tubes, a pipe or pipes connected to the tank or
reservoir may be arranged to supply air direct to the buckets or pockets on the
wheels, such air first passing through a column of mercury or similar light or heavy
liquid and expelling any liquid from the buckets or pockets and charging these
sufficiently to cause the same to become buoyant and imparting rotary motion to
the wheels which are immersed in liquid. Upon the buckets or pockets reaching
the surface of the liquid in which the wheels are immersed the air escapes there-
from, and on again entering the tank they become charged with liquid by which
means rotary motion is also imparted to the wheels; the air in the tank may or
may not be under pressure as desired.
In some cases I have found it advantageous to employ an injection system
operated by the discharge of air from the buckets or pockets.
In order to give the necessary speed to one or more of the wheels I employ a
sun and planet motion operated by any convenient gearing and connected to the
driving wheel of the motor at the centre thereof or in some cases I arrange the
motion to gear with the periphery of the driving wheel.
As a further modification of this invention, I in some cases arrange two wheels
working side by side each wheel being provided with double or parallel spokes,
between which spokes the extremities of hollow receptacles are arranged to work,
suitable friction rollers being provided for facilitating the action of the receptacles,
the whole being situated in a tank containing liquid as hereinbefore stated; these
wheels can be connected by any convenient gearing with pumps for supplying air
or liquid to the hollow receptacles.
In some cases I may employ a spiral or screw shaped receptacle in which work
a number of globular shaped receptacles, and upon such screw shaped receptacle
being submerged in liquid, the globular shaped receptacles, which are connected to
an endless band or chain, will be caused to ascend and thereby impart rotary
motion to a pulley or pulleys attached to the extreme ends of the spiral. I may
also in some cases employ two cylinders connected at the top thereof by an arched
or curved pipe, each cylinder being also provided with a pipe dipping into a tank
containing liquid, said pipes being supplied with suitable return and non return
valves; situated under these cylinders is arranged a wheel having also buckets or
pockets attached to the periphery thereof, which buckets or pockets, on becoming
charged with liquid supplied from the cylinders above, on one side thereof, imparts
rotary motion thereto. Suitable brake power may be attached to this wheel for
holding the same stationary when required.
And in order that my invention may be more fully understood and carried into

page_text: effect I will now proceed to describe the same with reference to the accompanying
drawings in which
Fig. 1 is a front elevation, partly in section of my improved motor. Fig. 2 being
a view of the centre of the main or driving wheel.
Fig. 3 is a side elevation partly in section of a modification of this invention,
Figure 4 a front elevation of one of the pockets or buckets.
Figure 5 is also a modification of my invention and
Fig. 6 a side elevation of the sun and planet motion employed in connection with
my apparatus.
Figure 7 is a modified arrangement of Patent No. 8656 of 1892, and
Figure 8 is a front elevation of two of the hollow receptacles which work, with
the assistance of the friction rollers hereinbefore mentioned between the parallel
spokes of the driving wheel before described.
Referring to the arrangement shown in Figures 1 and 2; to the peripheries of
wheels A are attached buckets or pockets B. fitted with radial tubes B¹. These
wheels work in bearings C. in connection with curved tubes D for drawing air or
liquid from a tank E.
The upper part of the tubes D. terminate into a single tube F. which is provided
with a valve or cock G. situated in any convenient position. H. are two bell
shaped cylinders or plungers working in chambers I.
The plungers H are connected to piston rods K working in ordinary stuffing
boxes L. To the piston rods K is loosely pivotted a rocking lever M working in
suitable bearings upon a standard N.
To the lever M. is rigidly secured, at right angles, an arm O. to which is loosely
pivotted a link P which is also loosely pivotted to the side of a wheel Q, in such a
position as to impart a rocking motion to the lever M. Flap valves R. situated in
tubular passes S are also provided for the purpose hereinafter explained.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The wheels A. are submerged in any
suitable liquid thus causing the pockets B to become charged on one side thereof,
the weight of the charged buckets or pockets causing the wheel A to revolve,.
which in turn actuates an endless band or chain gearing with a drum attached to
the wheel Q.
This wheel operates the lever .P which imparts a reciprocating motion to
rocking lever M thus working the piston rods and plungers K. and H. thereby
causing a suction and discharge action to take place for the purpose of forcing
air through the valves R into the pipe S to the tank E. This compressed air is
then permitted to pass through the valve G. down the pipe F. into the pipes D. to
the cone shaped cavity, shown in Figure 2, situated in the centre of the wheels A.
from whence
passes by means of the radial tubes B' to the buckets or pockets B.
thus expelling any water from those situated on the left hand side of the wheel A.
By this means great assistance is given to the charged buckets or pockets for
imparting rotary motion to the wheel A. With reference to Figures 3 and 4 the
action is of a similar character. The pockets B. are charged with any suitable
liquid by the action of ordinary suction and delivery pumps T, (the weight of
liquid in the buckets or pockets B. on the periphery of the wheel A. imparting
rotary motion to said wheel A) through connecting rods U and V. attached to the
piston rods and plungers of the pumps. On the piston H* being caused to descend
and forcing liquid through the valve W. to the pockets B a suction is caused to
take place in pipe X. which operates the piston H₁ thus giving sufficient rotary
motion to the wheel to cause the piston H₁ to undergo the same movement
previously imparted to H2. Any suitable brake mechanism may be utilised for
retaining the wheel A in a stationary position when requisite for the purpose of
charging the apparatus with the necessary liquid for gaining the power required for
starting the mechanism of the motor. I will now proceed to describe the apparatus
shown in Figure 5. A is a spiral tube, through the interior of which any suitable
number of air tight globular receptacles B. attached to an endless band or chain C
are caused to pass, the same travelling over two or more pulleys D. so that on the

page_text: whole apparatus being immersed in liquid the globular receptacles rising to the
surface thereof imparts rotary motion to the spiral tube which may be attached to
any suitable motor for driving machinery. Figure 6 indicates an improved
arrangement by the aid of which the spindle a. from which the pumps are operated
is revolved at a high speed by connecting it through sun and planet wheels b. c.
links d. and lever e. to the axle of the driving wheel A of the motor the wheels b
On
and c. being arranged that the former revolves twice to the latter's once.
reference to Figure 7. it will be seen that I adopt a modified arrangement for
imparting rotary motion to the wheel A. by causing air tight receptacles B. to work
by the aid of friction rollers Y between double or parallel spokes Z the air tight
receptacles being caused to approach the centre of the wheel during their downward
travel in the liquid and to recede from the centre of the wheel during their upward
travel by means of cams, eccentrics or a fixed guide X. In order to more fully
illustrate the modification shown in Figure 7. I have shown two of the air tight
receptacles B. with the friction rollers Y. attached thereto separately, (see
Figure 8).
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inveD-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what !
claim is :-
First. A motor consisting of receptacles containing light or heavy liquid the
densities of which differ considerably such as mercury and water in combination
with air pumps for supplying air and liquid to the buckets or pockets B. on the
wheel A substantially as herein described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
Secondly. The combination and arrangement of the wheels A buckets or
pockets B. radial tubes B' and bearings C. curved tubes D and tank E tube F
and cock G substantially as herein described and shown in the accompanying
drawings.
Thirdly. A motor consisting of the combination and arrangement of wheels with
buckets or pockets thereon the latter being supplied and operated by pumps
substantially as herein described and shown in the accompanying drawings.
Fourthly. The combination and arrangement of wheels A with buckets or
pockets B connecting rods U & V for working pumps substantially as herein
described and illustrated in Figure 3 of the accompanying drawings.
Fifthly. The combination and arrangement of a spiral tube A globular
receptacles B working upon an endless chain C. substantially as and for the
purpose herein described and shown in Figure 5 of the accompanying drawings.
Sixthly. The combination and arrangement of wheels A having double or
parallel spokes Z between which work air tight receptacles B & provided with
friction rollers Y with guides or other suitable means for directing the receptacles B
in the proper course substantially as and for the purpose herein described and shown
in Figure 7 of the accompanying drawings.
Seventhly. An improved motor substantially as herein described and set forth
and illustrated by Figures 1 to 8 of the drawings hereunto annexed.
Dated this 24th day of January 1894.
GEORGES JUSTIN JOSEPH LEGRAND.