Improvements in or relating to Ploughs.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 17th July, 1889-Accepted, 7th Sept., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Ploughs.
A communication from abroad by AUGUST JACOB VENTZKI, of Graudenz, in the
Kingdom of Prussia, Engineer.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 6 Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6 Bank Street, Manchester, both in
the County of Lancaster, and 323 High, Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The chief object of this invention is a wheel plough in which the furrow and land
wheels can be moved in such a manner, by the action of one hand lever that when
the plough is at work, the furrow wheel is always in a horizontal plane with the sole
of the plough share, while the ground wheel, which regulates the depth of the
furrow, can be raised or lowered as desired by the said lever without moving the
furrow wheel from aforesaid horizontal plane. When the plough is not in use,
the wheels are shifted by the same lever approximately abreast of one another, and
the ploughshares raised above the level of the soil so as to facilitate transport.
In the accompanying drawings:
:-
Figure 1 is a side view of the plough in the position for work.
Figure 2 is the same plough in the position for transportation.
Figure 3 is an end elevation of a wheel attached to the plough to facilitate trans-
portation of the latter.
Figure 4 is a plan of the plough.
In these A is the stock upon which a shaft a is supported so that it can be rotated.
The end of this shaft which is nearest the furrow wheel is made square.
The arm b, on the cranked end of which rotates the furrow wheel, is fastened by
means of a staple in such a manner that its position may be adjusted, both in a
vertical and in a horizontal direction.
The object of varying the position of the furrow wheel horizontally is to enable it
to be placed in the last furrow when for example a three shared plough is to be
transformed into a two shared as represented by the dotted lines in Figure 4.
The vertical adjustment permits the furrow wheel to be adapted so as to cut the
proper depth of furrow when the ploughshare becomes worn down.
There is a further important result attained by regulating the vertical position of
the furrow wheel, namely, the arm b, and with it the furrow wheel may be raised
to the desired height at the commencement of ploughing, in order that the first
furrow may be made the desired depth.
To the other end of the shaft à, Figure 4, a peculiarly bent slotted lever S is
firmly fixed. The stud p of a cranked lever W slides in the slot of said lever S. To
the other arm of the cranked lever is attached the axle 6 of the land wheel L.
The movement of the bell crank lever W and the consequent movement of the two
wheels F and L, is facilitated by a hand lever H, which is attached to or forms part
of the cranked lever W. The catch c of this hand lever can be made to engage the
teeth in the segment B, and thus hold the lever in any desired position. When the
hand lever H is moved from the lowest position, as shown in Figure 2, in which
the plough is in condition for transportation, to that in which it is ready for work, the
stud P turns the lever S, from the position shown in Figure 2 to that shown by full
lines in Figure 1. This moves forward the furrow wheel F, which till then was
approximately in a line with the land wheel L, and if the position of the arm b is
properly adjusted, the said furrow wheel will be in an exact horizontal plane with the
T

page_text: When this has been done the land wheel L is arranged to suit any depth of furrow
that may be required by moving.the hand lever further along the toothed quadrant B.
During the further motion the furrow wheel F remains undisturbed, for as the catch c
reaches the first tooth of the toothed portion of the quadrant B. (position full lines
Figure 1) the stud p leaves the straight part of the slotted lever S and reaches the
curved part of the same, and, since this curve is concentric with the quadrant B the
said stud on being moved further exerts no influence on the' slotted lever S. This
clever and with it the furrow wheel; therefore, remain in the position to which they
have been brought by pulling over the hand lever H as far as the commencement of
the notches. In this position the furrow wheel, as before stated, is in a horizontal
plane with the sole of the ploughshare. The land wheel, meanwhile, has not remained
stationary but has moved backwards. from the position shown in Figure 2 to that
shown in full lines in Figure 1.
During the further motion of the lever H to the position indicated for example by
the dotted lines (Figure 1) the land wheel L is raised and takes up the position
indicated by the dotted lines on the same figure. Owing to this peculiar arrange-
ment, the furrow wheel will remain in a horizontal plane with the sole of the share
however much the land wheel, which is secured to the cranked lever W, may be raised
to regulate the depth of the furrow. This constitutes a great improvement over
those ploughs, in which the depth of the furrow is regulated by altering the relative
positions of the land wheel and the furrow wheel either by the lengthening or
shortening of an axle arm, or by distorting the shape of the axle or other such like
methods.
The invention is very advantageous, for example, in ploughing fields of varying
depth of soil in which the plough can be made to operate more or less deeply, but at
the same time in aight line. By the backward motion of the land wheel the
plough gains an advantage over the well known English three wheeled ploughs, for
the weight of the body of the plough is supported by the land wheel. In the case of
some of these English ploughs, one wheel, (when the plough is at work) either
runs over the loose soil or swings in the air, thus over balancing the plough on one
side.
For transportation, a transport roller T, Figure 3, may be attached, to the blade
standard G.
The arrangements herein before described may naturally be varied in certain parts,
among which are the portions of the machine which join the land wheel and the
raising and lowering mechanism, without altering the nature of the invention.
Figures 1ª, 1, 22, and 4", represent a modification of this sort in 'which Figures 1ª
and 1 are respectively an elevation and a plan of the plough in a position for
work.
Figure 2 is an elevation of the plough with two shares in position for trans=
portation with a transport roller attached.
Figure 4 is a plan from above with a cleaver attached.
Since in these Figures, the same mechanism is used, the construction and working
of which have been above described, the same letters of reference, are used: as in
Figures 1 to 4 inclusive, and its application can be understood without repeating the
description already given.
Instead of the cranked lever W, however, the following arrangement is applied
"The regulating lever H has two arms. A stud p holds the shorter arm in. the
slotted lever S. On this lever there is firmly fixed a segment q, the centre of which
is the axis of the lever H, and that of the bent axle of the land wheel L. “Thẻ
axle is fastened by a sliding-piece g to the segment q.
"'
The object of the segment q is to provide a more favourable point for the applica-
tion of the lifting power, see Figure 1, and thus. to enable a cheaper plough. to.be
produced.
When the lever H is shifted beyond the first tooth, namely, towards the left, the
land wheel L is, in consequence, raised according to the distance which the lever is

page_text: moved, the furrow wheel F not being displaced. On the other hand, if the regulating
lever H be lowered to the position shown in Figure 2, the land, wheel and the
furrow wheel are brought nearer together, the latter being shifted backwards owing
to the stud p having reached the straight part of the split lever S, so that the position
for transportation is now reached. If a cleaver (Vorschneider) V is to be used in
ploughing, it is simply attached to the framework as shown in Figure 4.
Dated this 23rd day of October 1888
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Ploughs.
A communication from abroad by AUGUST JACOB VENTZKI of Graudenz in the
Kingdom of Prussia, Engineer.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 6 Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6 Bank Street, Manchester, both in
the County of Lancaster, and 323 High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following stateinent :-
The chief object of this invention is a wheel plough in which the furrow and land
wheels can be moved in such a manner, by the action of one hand lever, that when
the plough is at work, the furrow wheel is always in a horizontal plane with the sole
of the plough share, while the ground wheel, which regulates the depth of the
furrow, can be raised or lowered as desired, by the said lever without moving the
furrow wheel from aforesaid horizontal plane. When the plough is not in use,
the wheels are shifted by the same lever approximately abreast of one another, and
the plough shares raised above the level of the soil so as to facilitate transport.
In the drawings filed with the provisional specification :
Figure 1 is a side view of the plough in the position for work.
Figure 2 is the same plough in the position for transportation.
Figure 3 is an end elevation of a wheel attached to the plough to facilitate trans-
portation of the latter.
Figure 4 is a plan of the plough.
In these A is the stock upon which a shaft a is supported so that it can be rotated.
The end of this shaft which is nearest the furrow wheel is made square.
The arm b, on the cranked end of which rotates the furrow wheel, is fastened by
means of a staple k¹ in such a manner that its position may be adjusted, both in a
vertical and in a horizontal direction.
The object of varying the position of the furrow wheel horizontally is to enable it
to be placed in the last furrow, when, for example, a three shared plough is to be
transformed into a two shared, as represented by the dotted lines in Figure 4.
The vertical adjustment permits the furrow wheel to be adapted so as to cut the
proper depth of furrow when the ploughshare becomes worn down.
There is a further important result attained by regulating the vertical position of
the furrow wheel, namely, the arm b, and with it the furrow wheel may be raised to
the desired height at the commencement of ploughing, in order that the first furrow
may be made the desired depth.
To
To the other end of the shaft a, Figure 4, a peculiarly bent slotted lever S is
firmly fixed. The stud of a cranked lever W slides in the slot of said lever S.
the other arm of the cranked lever is attached the axle b' of the land wheel L.
The movement of the bell crank lever W and the consequent movement of the two
wheels F and L, is facilitated by a hand lever H, which is attached to or forms part
of the cranked lever W. The catch c of this hand lever can be made to engage the
teeth in the segment B, and thus hold the lever in any desired position. When the

page_text: hand lever H is moved from the lowest position, as shown in Figure 2, in which
the plough is in condition for transportation, to that in which it is ready for work,
the stud p turns the lever S, from the position shown in Figure 2 to that shown by
full lines in Figure 1. This moves forward the furrow wheel F, which till then was
approximately in a line with the land wheel L, and if the position of the arm b is
properly adjusted, the said furrow wheel will be in an exact horizontal plane with the
sole of the share, see Figure 1.
When this has been done the land wheel L is arranged to suit any depth of furrow
that may be required, by moving the hand lever further along the toothed quadrant B.
During the further motion the furrow wheel F remains undisturbed, for as the catch c
reaches the first tooth of the toothed portion of the quadrant B (position full lines
Figure 1) the stud p leaves the straight part of the slotted lever $ and reaches the
curved part of the same, and, since this curve is concentric with the quadrant B,
the said stud on being moved further, exerts no influence on the slotted lever S.
This lever and with it the furrow wheel, therefore, remain in the position to which
they have been brought by pulling over the hand lever H as far as the commence-
ment of the notches. In this position the furrow wheel, as before stated, is in a
horizontal plane with the sole of the ploughshare. The land wheel, meanwhile, has
not remained stationary but has moved backwards from the position shown in
Figure 2 to that shown in full lines in Figure 1.
During the further notion of the lever H to the position indicated for example
by the dotted lines (Figure 1), the land wheel L is raised and takes up the position
indicated by the dotted lines on the same figure. Owing to this peculiar arrange-
ment, the furrow wheel will remain in a horizontal plane with the sole of the share
however much the land wheel, which is secured to the cranked lever W, may be
raised to regulate the depth of the furrow. This constitutes a great improvement
over those ploughs, in which the depth of the furrow is regulated by altering the
relative positions of the land wheel and the furrow wheel, either by the lengthening or
shortening of an axle arm, or by distorting the shape of the axle or other such like
methods.
The invention is very advantageous, for example, in ploughing fields of varying
depth of soil, in which the plough can be made to operate more or less deeply, but at
the same time in a straight line. By the backward motion of the land wheel the
plough gains an advantage over the well known English three wheeled ploughs, for
the weight of the body of the plough is supported by the land wheel. In the case
of some of these English ploughs, one wheel, (when the plough is at work) either runs
over the loose soil or swings in the air, thus overbalancing the plough on one side.
For transportation, a transport roller T, Figure 3, may be attached to the blade
standard G.
The arrangements herein before described may naturally be varied in certain parts,
among which are the portions of the machine which join the land wheel and the
raising and lowering. mechanism, without altering the nature of the invention,
Figures 1ª, 1, 2, and 4", represent a modification of this sort in which Figures 1ª
and 1 are respectively an elevation and a plan of the plough in a position for
..work.
Figure 2ª is an elevation of the plough with two shares in position 'for transporta-
tion with a transport roller attached.
Figure 4 is a plan from above with a cleaver attached.
Since in these Figures, the same mechanism is used, the construction and working
of which have been above described, the same letters of reference are used as in
Figures 1 to 4 inclusive, and its application can be understood without repeating the
description already given.
Instead of the cranked lever W, however, the following arrangement is applied:-
The regulating lever H has two arms. A stud p holds the shorter arm in the
slotted lever S. On this lever there is firmly fixed a segment g, the centre of which
is the axis of the lever H, and that of the bent axle ŕ of the land wheel L. The
..axler is fastened by a sliding piece g to the 'seginent q.

page_text: The object of the segment q is to provide a more favourable point for the applica-
tion of the lifting power, see Figure 1, and thus to enable a cheaper plough to be
produced.
When the lever H is shifted beyond the first tooth, namely, towards the left, the
land wheel L is, in consequence, raised according to the distance which the lever is
moved, the furrow wheel F not being displaced. On the other hand, if the regulating
lever H be lowered to the position shown in Figure 2, the land wheel and the
furrow wheel are brought nearer together, the latter being shifted backwards owing
to the stud p having reached the straight part of the split lever S, so that the position
for transportation is now reached. If a cleaver (Vorschneider) V, is to be used in
ploughing, it is simply attached to the framework as shown in Figure 4°.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a plough an apparatus for raising or lowering the furrow and land wheels
simultaneously, consisting essentially of a pivotted lever S provided with a slot, one
part of which lies concentrically with the rack segment B wherewith the lever H
hitches, the axis of the said lever S being identical with that of the supporting arm
of the furrow wheel F, and the axis of the land wheel supporting arm being coin-
cident with that of the regulating lever H, substantially as described.
2. In a plough, an apparatus such as described, whereby the furrow and land
wheels may be raised or lowered simultaneously by the action of an operating lever
common to both and whereby, when the furrow wheel has reached a predetermined
position, a further movement of said lever will operate the land wheel only, sub-
stantially as described.
Dated this 16th day of T... 1990
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.