IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ELASTIC TUBING
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Allen Turner, of No. 125, Wood Street,
Cheapside, in the City of London, India-rubber Manufacturer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ELASTIC TUBING."
at the Othce of the Commissioners or latents, with
29th February 1856.
сипов, он спо
I, WILLIAM ALLEN TURNER, of No. 125, Wood Street, Cheapside, in the
City of London, India-rubber Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ELASTIC TUBING,
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to tubing made of india-rubber, or caoutchouc, and
gutta percha, either separately or in combination, and is designed for the
purpose of rendering such tubing capable of withstanding a pressure of from
50 to 100 pounds or thereabouts on every square inch of surface. The
peculiar feature of novelty of this improvement in the manufacture of elastic
tubing consists in combining with the elastic material a rigid substance, such
as a helix, or a series of rings of metal, or other material suitable for imparting
to the tubing the requisite amount of strength, which I effect in the following
manner, that is to say:-I take a cylindrical shaped piece or maundril of metal,
or other suitable material, of the desired size of the inside of the tubing, and
around said maundril I pass a piece of sheet india-rubber, and unite the edges
thereof together in the usual way. I then besmear the surface of the india-
rubber with a solution of naptha, after which I pass a helix or rings of metal or
other suitable material around the india-rubber, keeping the helices or rings as
far asunder as may be desirable; and, finally, I surround and cover the afore-

page_text: said helix or rings with another piece of sheet india-rubber previously besmeared
with naptha solution as before; and having united together the edges of the
same subject the whole to moderate pressure, by which the metal or other
material is perfectly surrounded and imbedded in the india-rubber, and by these
means I give to the tubing the necessary strength. I afterwards subject the
tubing thus made, if necessary, to the ordinary vulcanizing process, or to the
vulcanizing process described in the Provisional Specification of a former In-
vention in my name, recorded in the Office of the Commissioners of Patents
for Inventions on the 4th Feb 1856, No. 305, intituled "an improved
preparation or mixture to be used in the manufacture of compounds of india-
rubber or caoutchouc;." and by thus vulcanizing the india-rubber I preserve
the elasticity thereof, and at the same time render it capable of standing a
temperature of at least 400 degrees Fahrenheit, without being injuriously
affected thereby.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Allen Turner in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 29th August 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I;- WILLIAM
ALLEN TURNER, of No. 125, Wood Street, Cheapside, in the City of London,
India-rubber Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria; by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the 29th day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eiglit hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Allen Turner, Her special licence that I, the said William Allen
Turner, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said William Allen Turner, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others; from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and .lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend; within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an-Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ELASTIC TUBING," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Allen Turner, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same

page_text: to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Allen Turner, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention relates to tubing made of india-rubber, or caoutchouc, and
gutta percha, either separately or in combination, and is designed for the
purpose of rendering such tubing capable of withstanding a pressure of from
50 to 100 pounds or thereabouts on every square inch of surface. The peculiar
feature of novelty of my said Invention consists in combining with the afore-
said elastic material a rigid substance, such as a helix, or a series of rings, of
metal or other material suitable for imparting to the tubing the requisite
amount of strength.
In order to explain my said Invention as completely as possible, I now
proceed to describe the best means I am acquainted with for carrying the same
into practical effect, as follows:-
MODE OF. MANUFACTURE.
I take a cylindrical-shaped piece or maundril of metal or other suitable
material of the desired size for the inside of the tubing, and around said
inaundril I pass a piece of sheet india-rubber, or caoutchouc, and gutta percha;
either separately or combined, and unite the edges thereof together in the
manner usually practised of uniting india-rubber. I then besmear the surface
of the india-rubber or compounds thereof with a solution of naptha, after which
I pass a helix or rings of metal or other suitable: material around the india-
rubber, keeping the helix.or the rings as far. asunder as may be desirable; and,
finally, I cover the aforesaid helix or rings with another, piece of sheet india-
rubber or compounds thereof previously besmeared with naptha solution, and
having united together the edges of the elastic material by any of the known
means, I subject the whole to moderate pressure, by which the helix or rings
of metal, or other material or substance, is or are perfectly surrounded by and
imbedded in the elastic material; and in this manner and by these means I
give to the tubing the necessary strength to resist great internal and external
pressure. If necessary, I afterwards subject the tubing thus made to the
ordinary vulcanizing process; but when-this is the case, the india-rubber should
first be sulphured before applying the helix or rings of metal or other material
thereto. I then subject the india-rubber to the action of heat in the manner
commonly practised of vulcanizing india-rubber, or instead of vulcanizing the

page_text: india-rubber or compounds thereof in the manner commonly practised, I treat
or prepare the same with a mixture composed of genuine bismuth, ordinary
lead, virgin tin, and sulphur in the following proportions, namely, of genuine
bismuth, about five parts to three parts of ordinary lead; these are melted
separately, and mixed together with half their weight of sulphur, and of this
mixture I use and mix about ten pounds of the same with thirty pounds of
india-rubber or caoutchouc, or compounds thereof, and then subject the same
to. the action of heat, as before stated; and by thus vulcanizing the india-
rubber I preserve the elasticity thereof, and at the same time render it capable
of standing a temperature of at least four hundred degrees Fahrenheit, without
being injuriously affected thereby.
In manufacturing elastic tubing according to my improved method, as above
stated, in some instance I fill the spaces between the helix or rings with sheet
india-rubber or other suitable material as a filling, by which the tubing is kept
comparatively smooth or level on the outside instead of being irregular or
corrugated, as according to my first above described improved method of
manufacturing elastic tubing.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention of
Improvements in the Manufacture of Elastic Tubing," together with the
best means I am acquainted with for carrying the same into practical effect, I
would remark in conclusion, that I claim as my Invention the combining of
a rigid substance, such as a helix or series of rings of metal or other suitable
material with india-rubber, or caoutchouc, and gutta percha, either separately
or combined, or compounds of such said elastic materials, for the purpose of
giving strength thereto when employed in and for the manufacture of elastic
tubing when the same is required to stand great pressure, as above stated.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Allen Turner, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
ALEX. PRINCE,
WILL A. TURNER. (L.S.)
Patent Agent,
4, Trafalgar Square, Charing Cross.