An Improved Method of Heating Bakers' or other Ovens.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 26th May, 1899-Accepted, 15th July, 1899
An Improved Method of Heating Bakers' or other Ovens.
I, WILLIAM FREDERICK MASON, of 502, Stockport Road, Longsight, Manchester,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
The improvements relate to the heating of bakers' or other ovens, and have for
object to accomplish this operation by means of gaseous firing, in manner herein-
after to be described.
In order that the invention may be better understood I will refer to the accom-
panying sheets of drawings, wherein Fig. 1 represents a longitudinal section of one
form of structure known as a "decker" oven the compartments of which are
arranged to be heated according to my improvements, and Fig. 2 is an end view of
the structure partly in section and partly in elevation, the section being taken
through a line forming a continuation of the centre line of the chimney; while
Fig. 3 is a cross section through the ovens.
The same letters indicate corresponding parts wherever they occur.
a are the walls and other parts of the main structure, within which and at
one end thereof is formed the chamber for the furnace. This chamber is pro-
vided with a water trough and supply pipe, and is otherwise arranged to enable
what is known as "producer" gas to be generated therein, in manner well under-
stood. The chequer work arrangement or re-heating chamber e being directly
over the furnace becomes heated thereby, and on the opening of the damper k
the hot gases from the furnace may pass directly through such chamber e
The air, for the purpose of subsequent combustion, may be allowed to pass
through the passages within the walls of the chamber b, by which means such
air is heated before combustion takes place. When the damper k is closed, the
heated air and producer gas may both be allowed to enter the combustion
chamber and there become mixed and ignited, when the fired gases may pass
into and back again along the side chambers d'. The heated products of combus-
tion may then pass through the chequer work or reheating chamber e, and thence
over the top of the oven g, and back again over the baffle plate h.
In Fig. the process is shown repeated for the purpose of heating the second
oven g¹.
By opening the damper ¹, the oven 9 may, in effect, be cut out of operation,
and the greater portion of heat be allowed to pass on to the second oven g¹, or the
products of combustion may pass directly to the chimney 7 by the opening of the
lampers and 12. The effect of the chequer work or regenerators e, el, is also
to retain the greater portion of useful heat which might otherwise be wasted by
allowing the products of combustion to pass without hindrance into the chimney,
and for the purpose of further retaining this heat within the structure, I prefer
to make use of non-conducting material, such as at m in Figs. 1 and 3. Although
only two ovens are shown in the drawings it is obvious that the improvements
may he applied to a greater number of ovens and to ovens of various kinds, that

page_text: the design of the main structure and the internal arrangements may be con-
siderably altered, and the regenerators may be dispensed with, without departing
from the peculiar character of the invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. The combination of a bakers' oven or ovens with means for heating the
same by the ignition of "producer" gas or gaseous fuel, and with or without the
use of air which has previously been heated, in manner substantially as herein
shown and described.
2. The combination of a bakers' oven or ovens with a gas producer and re-heat-
ing chamber or regenerator or regenerators, with or without the use of air which has
been heated previous to entering the combustion chamber, in manner substantially
as herein shown and described.
Dated this 95th day of 1800
WILLIAM GADD, C.E.,
64, Barton Arcade, Manchester, Agent for Applicant.