and Twisting Machines.
Year: 1889

page_text: and Twisting Machines.
I, EDWARD DUMMER of Auburndale in the City of Newton, State of Massachusetts,
United States of America, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
In ring-spinning machines the spindles are now commonly more or less flexibly
supported so that they, when carrying an unbalanced, load, may gyrate, or so that any
vibration arising therefrom will not be communicated to the framework of the
machines. A spindle thus supported may be of much less weight to carry the
required load, and may be run by means of less power, than one for which there is
no such provision, since the spindle and load may revolve about their centro of gravity
or nearly so rather than about their geometrical centre, when these centres do not
coincide. Any force, such as results from the pull of the thread-which tends to
move the spindle out of such centre of rotation necessitates greater weight in the
spindle and more power to drive it than if such force did not exist.
While many different devices have been employed whereby the spindle may have
the lateral motion of gyration or vibration, the ring has heretofore, been so far as
relates to lateral motion-rigidly fixed in the machine. In practice, the thread-by
which there is a draft largely between, and in like degree on, the spindle and the ring
acts to pull the spindle out of its proper centre of rotation. In all ring-spinning
the pull is considerable, so that the spindle-bolster must be much more firmly held
than otherwise might be. For much ring-spinning and in all ring-twisters the
spindle-bolster must be so rigidly held that the spindle cannot gyrate or vibrate as
desired. Furthermore, all gyrating or vibratory motion of the spindle-owing to
whatever cause-results, of course, in a constant or intermittent eccentricity of the
spindle with reference to the fixed ring, which is very undesirable for many obvious
reasons.
My invention has two main objects, first; to prevent that draft of the thread, which
is on both 'spindle and ring. from pulling the spindle out of its proper centre of

page_text: rotation, and, second; to maintain the spindle in the centre of the ring, the general
result being that the spindle may have a much greater freedom in its gyratory or
vibratory movement, and, therefore, will run much easier than heretofore, and, also,
that the draft on the thread may be at all times the same, and the thread will not be
subjected to unequal strain or sudden jerks, to an extent not before attained.
The invention consists in so combining the spindle with the ring for operation in
the machine that the ring may have a lateral motion corresponding to that of the
spindle, and that the pull by the thread on the ring may be caused to balance or
counteract the pull on the spindle as hereinafter set forth.
In the drawings forming a part of this specification,―
Figure 1 shows an elevation--partly in section--of so much of a spindle and bobbin
thereon, bolster and support therefor, a ring and means for connecting the ring with
the spindle, and for operating the spindle and ring, as is sufficient to illustrate a
device embodying my invention.
..
Figure 2 is a plan of the support or stand F.
Figure 3 is a plan of the bolster, arms b, and bearings c.
Figure 4 is a transverse central section of the stand F.
Figure 5 shows a transverse central section of the bolster, an arm b, and a
hearing c.
Figures 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 illustrate modifications to adapt the invention to certain
classes of spindle-bearings and supports, or to differently constructed machines.
The spindle A, whirl B, bobbin C, and ring D shown are each of a well known
form and construction. Referring first to Figure 1 and illustrations of details thereof,
fixed to the bolster a-which may, also, be like those in common use and located as
required with reference to the whirl-are shown two arms b, to each of which is fixed
a bearing e in which may slide a rod E parallel or longitudinal with the spindle. To
the upper ends of these rods is fastened the ring D. The stand or support F may bo
adjusted and fixed on the usual rail G in the common manner by means of the
threaded stud d and nut e. It has a vertical projection with which the bolster a is
pliably or flexibly connected. This may be effected by means of a packing 9 formed
of any material known for like purposes. This connection may be such that the
boister a and arms b may be suspended thereby, there being a shoulder on the
exterior of the bolster, and a shoulder on the interior of the projection f, as shown.
The ring D and, hence the rods E are flexibly connected with a rail H, which rail
corresponds to the common ring-rail, and is to have a like vertical movement. This
connection may be made by means of two spiral springs h, each fastened at one end
on a stud i on an arm applied or fastened to a rod E, and at the other end fastened on
a stud j on an arm applied or fastened to the rail H. The step k for the spindle may
be a removable piece set in the base of the stand or support F.
I have made such provision that the bearing for the spindle and for the sliding
rods E may be in a chamber for oil. Projecting downward from the stand or
support Fare two tubes closed at the bottom, open at the top, and extending
downward sufficiently to allow the rods E to enter therein the required distance. On
the base of the stand or support F is secured a removable cap 1-as by means of
screws m-there being some material-such as leather-in a groove n in the base,
and between the base and cap. This cap has two tubular projections o to enclose the
bearings c, and a tubular projection p to enclose the bolster a, these projections being
of sufficient height to keep the bearings well oiled, and of sufficient interior capacity
to allow the lateral motion of the enclosed bearings.
An unbalanced load on the spindle will cause the latter when revolved to gyrate.
The bolster a, arms b, bearings c, rods E, and ring D will have a corresponding
lateral motion, while the ring is moved up and down as required to build the thread on
the bobbin, the rods F sliding in their bearings c. Hence the spindle-having been
set with reference to the ring in the construction of the device so that their centres
coincide will always be in the centre of the ring. The pull by the thread u-so far
as it is alike in degree on the ring (by means of the usual traveller shown) and on the
spindle will have no effect on the gyratory motion, or to move the spindle out of its

page_text: proper centre of rotation, since the pull on the ring will-through the ring, bolster
and the connecting parts-act counter to the pull directly on the spindle. It is true
that the weight of the ring and parts connecting the same with the bolster add to
the weight heretofore gyrated, but it is found that such additional weight is a
restraint on the gyration in a far less degree than that heretofore required to overcome
the pull of the thread and obtained by making the connection between the bolster and
fixed support more or less rigid. In fact my device may be employed in ring-twisting
machines in which the pull of the thread is very considerable as well as in spinning
machines in which the pull of the thread is comparatively light. The connection
between the spindle-bolster and the fixed support may be very flexible and allow an
exceedingly free movement. So very flexible or yielding may such connection be that
if the packing g is not desired it may be dispensed with as hereinafter shown.
Figure 6 shows a modified construction of the device in which the step for the
spindle is fixed to or within the piece forming the bolster-which is typical of a
certain class of spindle supports. The bearings for the rods E are connected with the
bolster by means of a tube 7 which is fixed. to the bolster at the upper end. Thus the
spindle may run in oil while the bearings for the rods E are not surrounded by oil.
It is not so necessary that the bearings for the rods be in oil, since their slow
movement causes but little friction compared with that of the rapidly revolving
spindle.
Figure 7 shows how my invention may be adapted to another class of spindle-
supports by means of which the spindle may vibrate or perhaps more properly-by
means of which the vibration caused by the spindle when carrying an unbalanced load
is prevented from being communicated to the supporting rail. Elastic or flexible
material J is placed between the spindle-support or bolster and the rail. With such
construction I fix the arms directly to such support so that the ring vibrates with
the spindle. Thus the centres of the spindle and ring will always coincide, and the
pull of the thread will react on the spindle as above set forth.
The leading distinctive feature of my invention is the interposition of a connecting
medium between a ring and the bolster of the appropriate spindle so that when the
yielding or flexibly supported bolster has a lateral motion the boister and ring will
move Interally as one. Since my invention is a radical departure from what has
heretofore been known, I do not wish to have it limited by details of construction in
such a manner as to lose the spirit thereof. The invention is applicable to the many
devices providing for gyration or vibration of the spindle. There may be many
modifications which might occur to others skilled in manufacturing or operating
spindles and spinning machines. There may be only one arm b and rod E-illustrated
by dispensing with one arm band rod E of Figure 1. The lower ends of the rods E
may be connected with a vertically moving rail H¹ below the rail G-as illustrated by
Figures 9 and 10-instead of to a rail located above the rail G as in Figure 1.
This might be the case when the rods E are not enclosed by the oil receptacles as in
Figure 1. Other means than the springs of Figure 1 may be employed for flexibly
connecting the ring or sliding rods with the moving rail, such as links 2-illustrated
by Figure 9-or pliant wires as in Figure 10. The bolster may extend downward
as one piece or a rod, and have the arms or medium connecting with the ring slide
thereon, as illustrated by Figure 8 in which the moving rail His below the spindle
rail, the arms b¹ to which the rods E' are fixed being adapted to slide on the rod "
joined to the bolster. With the latter construction the spring h¹ or flexible connection
with the movable rail may be central as shown. The flexible connection with movable
rail may also serve to maintain the spindle in a vertical position or one approximating
thereto, so that in many cases the packing 9 between the bolster and the stand or
support may be dispensed with, the bolster having a shoulders or the like and the
stand or support a shoulder or socket t, as shown in Figure 8.
Some convenience and economy arises from the fact that the device may be manu-
factured and made ready for transportation and use as a complete article comprising
both the ring and spindle and supports therefor, which article may be readily and
easily applied to the frame of the machine when set up in the factory where it is to be

page_text: operated, certain work and care which has heretofore been required to fit and adjust
the ring on the frame, and the spindle support with reference to the ring, being
dispensed with.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invon-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is ;-
First. The combination with a spindle, a spindle-bolster, and means for supporting
said bolster in a yielding or flexible manner, of a ring, and connections between said
bolster and ring whereby the ring is caused to gyrate or vibrate with the bolster and
spindle, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
Second. The combination with a spindle, a spindle-bolster, and means for supporting
said bolster in a yielding or flexible manner, of a ring, and sliding connections
between said bolster and ring whereby the ring is caused to gyrate or vibrate with the
bolster and spindle, substantially as herein before set forth.
Third. The combination of a fixed support, a spindle, a spindle-bolster, means for
connecting said bolster with said fixed support in a yielding or flexible manner, a
ring, sliding connections between said bolster and ring, and a rail movable in the
direction of the length of the spindle and connected flexibly with said ring, sub-
stantially as hereinbefore set forth.
Fourth. The combination with a spindle, a spindle bolster, means for supporting
said bolster in a yielding or flexible manner, a ring, and sliding connections between
said bolster and ring whereby the ring is caused to gyrate or vibrate with the bolster,
of a support or stand containing a chamber for oil enclosing the bolster and the
bearings of said sliding connections, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
Fifth. The combination with a spindle, a spindle-bolster, means for supporting said
bolster in a yielding or flexible manner, a ring, and connections between said bolster
and ring whereby the ring is caused to vibrate or gyrate with the bolster, of a support
or stand provided with an oil chamber enclosing the bolster, substantially as herein-
before set forth.
Sixth. The combination of a spindle, a yielding or flexibly supported spindle-
bolster, rods adapted to move longitudinally and in the direction of the length of the
spindle, bearings for said rods fixed to the spindle-bolster, and a ring fixed to said rods,
substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
Seventh. The combination of a spindle, a bolster therefor flexibly supported, rods
adapted to move longitudinally and in the direction of the length of the spindle,
bearings for said rods fixed to the spindle-bolster, a ring fixod to said rods, and
receptacles for oil into which said rods extend, substantially as hereinbefore set
forth.
Dated the Thirteenth day of December 1888.