A CERTAIN IM- PROVEMENT OR CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BAYONETS
Year: 1846

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
PETER BISHOP, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Bayonet
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present Most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria,
by Her Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain,
bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-first day of April, in the
ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Peter Bishop, Her especial
licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Peter
Bishop, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Peter Bishop, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and
the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "A CERTAIN IM-
PROVEMENT OR CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BAYONETS;"
in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said
Peter Bishop, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to

page_text: be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in
part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being
thereunto had, doth more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the
said Peter Bishop, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully
described and ascertained in and by the following description thereof,
reference being had unto the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:
My Invention consists of, firstly, a method of making the "sockets"
of bayonets in such a way as to avoid the necessity of welding "rings"
on the said sockets, as in the ordinary method of manufacture, as
herein-after explained.
Secondly, a method of making the "sockets" of bayonets of tubing
by welding on portions of the said tubing "rings" and "stumps" or
"pegs," as herein-after explained.
Thirdly, a method of making the "rings" of bayonet sockets from
tubing, drawn or otherwise, made of any required sectional figure, as
hercin-after explained.
Fourthly, a method of forming the "necks" of bayonet "blades" in
such a manner as to avoid the necessity of welding stumps or pegs on
the sockets to which the said blades are to be affixed, as herein-after
explained.
Fifthly, the application of the process of "turning" to the manufac-
ture of the sockets and necks of bayonets, as herein-after explained.
One method by which I carry into effect the first part of my Inven-
tion, that is to say, one method by which I make bayonet "sockets" in
such a way as to avoid the necessity of welding "rings" on the said
sockets, is as follows:-I take iron rolled in the form shewn in Figures
1, and 2, (Figure 1, being a plan, and Figure 2, a transverse section of
the said iron,) that is to say, with a "swell" or "bead" a, Figures 1,
and 2, on one side of the said iron. To form a bayonet socket from
the said iron, I proceed as follows:-I cut off from the said iron,
Figures 1 and 2, a piece b, Figure 3, of the length requisite to form

page_text: "
"
the said socket, and I weld on the said piece b, a "stump" or "peg,
as represented at c, Figure 3; the said stump or peg is shewn sepa-
rately in Figure 4. I then heat the plate or piece b, Figure 8, to a
proper degree, and I bend the said plate round a mandril, or by any
other convenient method, into a cylindrical form, allowing the edges 61,6¹¹,
of the plate b, Figure 3, to over-wrap each other. I then weld together
the said edges so as to form a tube or socket, shewn in elevation in
Figure 5, and in plan in Figure 6, the peg c, and ring a, being on the
outside of the said tube or socket. Figure 7, is a plan of the end of
the said socket, showing the shape of the ring a, Figures 5 and 6; the
part a' (Figure 7) of the ring a, being formed by the welding together
of the over-wrapping portions of the bead a, on the plate or piece of
iron 6, Figure 3. The socket being thus formed, the blade of the
bayonet may then be affixed to it in the ordinary manner, that is to say,
by welding together the neck d, Figure 8, of the said blade, and the
stump or peg c, Figures 5 and 6, of the said socket to form the neck e,
Figure 9, of the bayonet. It is only further necessary to bend the
neck c, Figure 9, into the form represented in Figure 10, in order to
complete the formation of the bayonet in its rough or unfinished state.
The process just described, by which the blade of the bayonet is affixed
to the socket of the said bayonet, and is bent into the form requisite for
the completion of the formation of the bayonet in a rough or unfinished
state, is well understood and commonly practised, and constitutes no
part of my Invention. I deem it unnecessary to describe the various
processes to which the bayonet is subjected after it has been formed,
as herein-before described, such as tempering, grinding, or polishing.
I further deem it unnecessary to describe the process or processes by
which the socket of the bayonet is adapted to the arrangement by
which the bayonet is secured to the musket or other fire-arm in
connection with which it is used, as the said process or processes are
well understood, and are in common use, and constitute no part of my
Invention.
Another method by which I carry into effect the first part of my
Invention, (that is to say,) by which I make the sockets of bayonets in
such a way as to avoid the necessity of welding rings on the said sockets,

page_text: 'as in the ordinary method of manufacture, is as follows:-1 take plain
."strip iron" to form a bayonet socket from the said strip iron. I cut off
from the said strip iron (shewn in plan in Figure 11, and in section in
Figure 12,) a piece of the length requisite to form the said socket. I
then heat the said piece to a proper degree, and turn up one edge of
the said piece, as represented in plan in Figure 13, and in section in
Figure 14. I then compress the part f, Figures 13 and 14, of the iron
which has been turned up into the form represented in plan in Figure 15,
and in section in Figure 16. The plate or piece of iron, Figures 15
and 16, thus prepared, resembles in form the plate or piece of iron b,
Figure 3, herein-before described in reference to the first part of my
Invention; the turned up and compressed edge f, of the plate, Figures
15 and 16, corresponding with the swell or bead a, of the plate b,
Figure 3. The plate, Figures 15 and 16, may be formed into a bayonet
socket in the manner herein-before described with reference to the
plate b, Figure 3, that is to say, by welding a peg or stump on the said
plate, Figures 15 and 16, by bending the said plate, Figures 15 and 16,
into a cylindrical form, the edges of the said plate over-wrapping each
other, and by welding together the said edges so as to complete the
formation of the said socket.
The way in which I perform the second part of my Invention, that
is to say, the method by which I make the sockets of bayonets of
tubing by welding on portions of the said tubing rings and stumps or
pegs, is as follows:-I take a plain iron tube, Figures 17 and 18, of any
required size; in order to form a bayonet socket I cut off from the said
tube a piece of a length proper for the formation of the said socket; the
said piece is shewn separately in Figure 19. I then take a stump or
peg previously made by any convenient method in the form represented
in Figure 20, and I weld the said stump or peg, Figure 20, on the tube,
Figure 19, in the manner represented in Figure 21, which is a view of
the tube, Figure 19, with the stump or peg, Figure 20, welded on it. I
then take a ring of the form represented in Figure 22, or of any other
convenient form, the said ring having been previously made either in the
ordinary way, or by the method herein-after described of making rings for
bayonet sockets, or in any other convenient manner, and I weld the said

page_text: ring on the end g, of the tube, Figure 21, and by this process complete
the socket in as far as regards its formation in a rough state. The
socket thus formed by the union of the tube, Figure 19, with the stump
or peg, Figure 20, and ring, Figure 22, is represented in Figure 23.
The method by which I carry into effect the third part of my Inven-
tion, that is to say, the method by which I make the rings of bayonet
sockets from tubing drawn or otherwise made of any required sectional
figure, is as follows:-I take a tube, drawn or otherwise made in the
form represented in Figures 24 and 25, (Figure 25, being a transverse
section of the tube, Figure 24,) or of the form represented in trans-
verse section in Figure 26, or of any other form in which I desire to
make rings for bayonet sockets, and by transverse sections, as indicated
by the lines h, h, h, Figure 24, I saw off portions of the said tube of the
requisite thickness to form the said rings. The process is rendered so
obvious by an inspection of the Drawing that I deem further descrip-
tion unnecessary. One of the said rings, that is to say, a ring such as
would be made by sawing off a portion of the requisite thickness of the
tube, Figures 24 and 25, is represented in edge view in Figure 27, and
in elevation in Figure 28.
The way in which I perform the fourth part of my Invention, that is
to say, the method by which I form the necks of bayonet blades in such
a manner as to avoid the necessity of welding stumps or pegs on the
sockets to which the said blades are to be affixed, and the method by
which I affix the said blades to the said sockets, are as follows:-Instead
of making the neck i, Figure 29, of the blade of the bayonet short, and
of the form represented in Figure 30, I make the said neck sufficiently
long to form, when the bayonet is completed, the neck or part f,
Figure 31, of the said bayonet, and I make the said neck i, Figure 29,
of the form represented in Figure 29. I then weld the end i', of the
neck i, Figure 29, in its required position on a socket made as repre-
sented in Figure 32, that is to say, without any stump or peg attached
to it. Sometimes I make the socket, Figure 32, according to the
method first described of carrying into effect the first part of my Inven-
tion, that is to say, of iron rolled as represented in Figures 1 and 2,
(omitting that part of the process by which the peg or stump is affixed

page_text: to the plate or piece of iron forming the socket); or I forni the socket,
Figure 32, of plain strip iron, according to the method herein-before
described with reference to sockets having stumps or pegs (omitting
that part of the process by which the stump or peg is affixed to the
plate or piece of iron forming the socket); or I form the socket,
Figure 32, of a tube of a suitable length by welding on one end of the
said tube a suitably formed ring, as herein-before described in reference
to sockets having stumps or pegs; or I form the socket, Figure 32, in
any other convenient manner. The socket, Figure 32, with the blade,
Figure 29, welded on it, is represented in Figure 33. The bayonet,
Figure 33, may then be completed in the ordinary manner, as herein-
before explained with reference to the bayonet, Figure 9, made accord-
ing to the first described method of carrying into effect the first part of
my Invention.
The way in which I perform the fifth part of my Invention, that is to
say, the way in which I apply the process of "turning" to the manu-
facture of the sockets and necks of bayonets, I will explain by reference
to Figures 9, and 10, of the accompanying Drawing. When the
bayonet has reached that stage of its manufacture in which it is
represented in Figure 9, I fix the said bayonet in a lathe in any way
which I deem requisite or convenient, and by means of a suitable tool
or suitable tools I "turn" the neck of the said bayonet. Having com-
pleted this part of the process, that is to say, the turning of the neck of
the bayonet, I remove the said bayonet from the lathe, and having
heated the neck of the said bayonet to a proper degree, I bend it as
represented in Figure 10. I then fix the bayonet a second time in the
lathe, and by means of a suitable tool or suitable tools I "turn" the
socket of the said bayonet. The bayonet may then be removed from
the lathe, and finished in the ordinary manner.
I deem it unnecessary
particularly to describe the process of "turning," as the said process is
well understood, and commonly practised, and constitutes no part of my
Invention. I would further remark, that the process of "turning"
may be applied, as herein-before described, to the manufacture of the
sockets or necks of bayonets, whether the said bayonets be made to
assume the form represented in Figure 9, by either of the methods

page_text: herein-before described, or by the ordinary process of manufacture, or
by any other method or process.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be under-
stood, that I do not limit myself to the precise methods of carrying my
Invention into effect herein-before described; nor do I confine myself
to the precise forms or proportions of parts herein-before described, and
represented in the accompanying Drawing, nor to the exact processes
employed in carrying my Invention into effect herein-before described.
But I claim exclusive right to,-
Firstly, the making of "sockets" for bayonets, in which the "
rings"
of the said sockets, and the sockets themselves, are formed of one and
the same piece of iron, whether the said sockets be made of iron rolled
to a suitable form, in the manner herein-before described, and repre-
sented in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, of the accompanying Drawing,
or of plain "strip iron," as herein-before described, and represented in
Figures 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16, of the accompanying Drawing, or
by any other method or process:
"
Secondly, the use of tubing for the manufacture of bayonet "sockets,"
whether the said sockets be made from the said tubing by welding
"stumps or "pegs" and "rings" on portions of the said tubing, as
herein-before described, and represented in Figures 17, 18, 19, 20, 21,
22, and 23, of the accompanying Drawing, or by any other method or
process:
Thirdly, the use of tubing for the manufacture of "rings" for bayonet
"sockets," whether the said rings be made from the said tubing by the
method herein-before described, and represented in Figures 24, 25, 26,
27, and 28, of the accompanying Drawing, or by any other method or
process, and whether the said tubing be of the sectional Figure repre-
sented in Figure 25, of the accompanying Drawing, or of the sectional
Figure represented in Figure 26, of the accompanying Drawing, or of
any other sectional Figure:
Fourthly, the making of the "necks" of bayonet "blades" in such a
way as to avoid the necessity of affixing "stumps" or "pegs" to the
sockets to which the said blades are to be affixed, whether the said