Improvements in Locks.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 6th May, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 6th Feb., 1897-Accepted, 13th Mar., 1897
Improvements in Locks.
We, GEORGE HAYTER CHUBB, Knight, of 128 Queen Victoria Street, in the
City of London, and GEORGE GASKELL EXTON, Engineer, of South Bank,
Bromley, Kent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates more especially to latch locks in which the latch bolt is
operated from one side, say the inside, of the door by means of a handle or knob,
and from the other side, say the outside, of the door by means of a key applied to
a lock with which the latch is connected by a spindle passing through the door;
but parts of the said invention are also applicable to locks of other kinds, and the
objects of the invention are, firstly, to provide improved means for securing the
handle or knob on the spindle at one side of the door, secondly, to provide improved
means whereby the key lock connected, as above mentioned, with the latch lock
can be readily applied and secured to a door of any thickness, within usual limits,
without requiring to be specially made to suit the thickness, and thirdly, to provide
improved means for connecting the key lock on the outside of the door with the
spindle that passes through the door to the latch lock on the inside of the latter, in
such manner that the said spindle, and consequently the latch, can be operated from
the inside of the door by means of its handle or knob without operating any part of
the lock on the outside of the door and these arrangements may be such that the
spring of the latch bolt will serve also to return the stump of the key lock to its
normal position when the key is withdrawn.
We effect the first object by making a cylindrical extension on the follower of
the latch lock, which extension passes out through the front plate and has a screw-
thread formed on or in it. The handle or knob is provided with a screw-thread
which fits the threaded part of the said extension of the follower. The handle or
knob is provided with a hole corresponding in shape to the section of the spindle
which passes through the door, the said section being usually square or triangular.
It will now be understood that when the handle or knob is screwed on to or into
the extension of the follower, and is so placed that the square or other shaped hole
in it coincides with the correspondingly shaped hole in the follower, and the spindle
is passed from the outside of the door through the follower and into the hole in the
handle or knob, the latter will be locked on the follower, and cannot be unscrewed
therefrom until the spindle is withdrawn.
We effect the second object by forming on the back of the key lock which is
fixed on the outside of the door a cylindrical projection through the interior of
which the spindle is free to pass, but on the outside of which is formed a screw-
thread, and we provide an internally screwed ferrule adapted to screw on to the
thread of the aforesaid cylindrical projection, and preferably provided with a flange
at one end. When the key lock is placed in position on the outside of the door,
with the spindle, which is connected with the said lock, passing through the door,
and the aforesaid projection on the back of the lock projecting into the hole
through the door, the aforesaid ferrule is screwed on to the said projection until
its flange comes to bear against the face of the inside of the door. The key lock
is thereby secured in position on the outside of the door, the length of the screwed
projection and of the ferrule screwing on to it being adapted to suit any thickness
of door within usual limits.

page_text: We effect the third object by fixing the end of the spindle that is connected
with a key lock on the outside of the door, with a disc that lies against the inner
face of the back plate of the lock. This disc is cut away at its periphery for a
part of its circumference, and in the notch thus formed there takes a stop pin which
is fixed to the back plate of the lock. This notch and the stop più limit the
rotatory motion of the spindle to what is required for the purpose of throwing the
latch bolt back to the required extent. The aforesaid disc is also provided with a
second peripheral notch, into which takes a pin on a second disc which lies over
the first, and is provided with a peripheral notch similar to the first-named notch
on the first disc, and having the same or another stop pin passing into it. The
second disc turns on an axis coincident with the axis of the spindle, and carries,
at a suitable distance from its centre, a stump which takes into the levers of the
lock, which levers may be mounted on any suitable stud fixed in the back plate.
It will now be understood that when the bolt of the latch lock is operated, by
turning its handle or knob, the spindle is free to rotate to the extent permitted by
the notch on the first disc, and the stop pin, and that the key lock outside the door
is not affected in any way by such motion. When, however, the latch lock is to be
operated by means of the key lock from outside the door, the key first raises the
levers in the usual way, and their gatings are brought opposite the stump on the
second disc, the key then acts upon a projecting part of the said second disc and
further motion of the key causes the said second disc to rotate, carrying the stump
into the gatings of the levers; the pin on the second disc is thereby caused to act
on the end of the second notch in the first disc, and the latter is rotated, and with
it the spindle to draw back the latch bolt. When the key is released the spring of
the latch bolt not only forces the latter outwards again, but rotates the spindle and
first disc backwards and the latter rotates the second disc and withdraws the stump
from the levers, so that in this arrangement the latch bolt spring is the only spring
employed in either the latch lock or the key lock, except of course the springs for
returning the levers of the latter to their normal positions.
We, GEORGE HAYTER CHUBB, Knight, of 128 Queen Victoria Street, in the
City of London, and GEORGE GASKELL EXTON, of South Bank, Bromley,
Kent, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates more especially to latch-locks in which the latch bolt is
operated from one side, say the inside, of the door by means of a handle or knob,
and from the other side, say the outside, of the door by means of a key applied to a
luck with the latch is connected by a spindle passing through the door; but parts
of the said invention are also applicable to locks of other kinds, and the objects of
the invention are, to provide improved means whereby the key-lock connected, as
above mentioned, with the latch-lock can be readily applied and secured to a door
of any thickness, within usual limits, without requiring to be specially made to suit
the thickness, and to provide improved means for connecting the key-lock on the

page_text: outside of the door with the spindle that passes through the door to the latch-lock
on the inside of the latter, in such manner that the said spindle, and consequently
the latch, can be operated from the inside of the door by means of its handle or
knob without operating any part of the lock on the outside of the door, and these
arrangements may be such that the spring of the latch bolt will serve also
to return the stump of the key-lock to its normal position when the key is
withdrawn.
And in order that the said invention may be fully understood we will proceed
to describe the same with the aid of. the accompanying sheet of drawings in
which
Figure 1 shows a section of a latch-lock constructed in accordance with our
invention applied to the lock stile of a door,
Figure 2 is an elevation of the back plate 12 and disc 18 of the key lock with
the parts 24, 29 and 35 removed,
Figure 3 is an elevation of the back plate 12 with the discs 15 and 24 in place,
but with the parts 29 and 35 removed,
Figure 4 is an elevation of the back plate 12 with the discs 18 and 24 and the
levers 29 in place, but with the cover 35 removed, and
Figure 5 is an elevation of the key-lock with the cover 35 in place.
1 represents a section of the lock stile of the door, 2 the latch-lock on the inside
of the dour, 3 the key-lock on the outside of the door, connected by the spindle 4
with the said latch-lock. 5 is a partial section of the door jamb and of the striking
plate 6 secured thereto as usual. 7 is a cylindrical extension on the follower 8 of
the latch-lock which extension passes through the front plate 9 and has a screw-
thread formed on its outer surface. The handle or knob 10 is provided with a
screw-thrend which fits on the threaded part of the said extension of the follower.
The handle or knob 10 is provided with a hole 11 corresponding in shape to the
section of the spindle 4 which passes through the door, the said section being
usually square or triangular. It will now be understood that when the handle or
knob 10 is screwed on to the extension 7 of the follower 8 and is so placed that the
square or other shaped hole 11 in it coincides with the correspondingly-shaped
hole in the follower, and the spindle 4 is passed from the outside of the door
through the follower, and into the hole in the handle or kuob 10, the latter will
be locked on the follower and cannot be unscrewed therefrom until the spindle is
withdrawn.
We form on the back 12 of the key-lock 3 which is fixed on the outside of the
door a cylindrical projection 13, through the interior of which the spindle 4 is free
to pass; but on the outside of which is formed a screw thread, and we provide an
internally-screwed ferrule 14 adapted to screw on to the thread of the aforesaid
cylindrical projection 13, and preferably provided with a flange 15 at one end.
When the key lock 3 is placed in position on the cutside of the door with the
spindle 4 which is connected with the said lock, passing through the door, and the
aforesaid projectiou 13 on the back of the lock projecting into the hole 16 through
the door the aforesaid ferrule 14 is screwed on to the sail projection from the inside
of the door until its flange 15 comes to bear against the face of the inside of the
door or enters a recess provided therein to receive it as shown in Figure 1. The
key-lock 3 is thereby secured in position on the outside of the door, being
prevented from turning round by the pegs 17 which enter the wood, the length of
the screwed projection 13 and of the ferrule 14 screwing on to it being adapte.l to
suit any thickness of deor within usual limits.
We either fix the end of the spindle 4 that is connected with the key lock 3 on
the outside of the door to a dise or plate 18 that lies against the inner face of the
back plate 12 of the lock, or form the spindle and disc or plate in one piece as
shown in Figure 1. This disc or plate is cut away at its periphery for a part of its
circumference at 19 and in the notch thus formed there takes a stop pin 20 which
is fixed to the back plate 12 of the lock. This notch 19 and the stop pin 20 limit
the rotatory motion of the spindle 4 to what is required for the purpose of throwing

page_text: the latch bolt 21 back to the required extent. The aforesaid disc or plate 18 is
also provided with a second peripheral notch 22, into which takes a pin 23 on a
second disc or plate 24 which lies over the first, and is provided with a peripheral
notch 25 similar to the first named notch 19 on the first disc or plate 18 and having
the same or another stop pin 20 passing into it. The second disc or plate 24 turns
on an axis 27 coincident with the axis of the spindle 4 and carries, at a suitable
distance from its centre, a stump 28 which into the levers 29 of the lock, which
levers may be mounted on the stud 20 fixed in the back plate 12.
It will now be understood that when the bolt 21 of the latch-lock is operated, by
turning its handle or knob 10, the spindle 4 is free to rotate to the extent permitted
by the notch 19 on the first disc or plate 18 and the stop pin 20, and that the key-
lock outside the door is not affected in any way by such motion. When, however,
the latch-lock is to be operated by means of the key-lock from outside the door,
the key which is guided into position by the pin 30 secured in the centre of the disc
or plate 24 first raises the levers 29 in the usual way, and their gatings 31 are
brought opposite the stump 28 on the second dise or plate 24, the key then acts
upon a projecting part or shoulder 32 of the said second dise or plate aad further
motion of the key causes the said second disc or plate to rotate, carrying the
stump 28 into the gatings 31 of the levers; the pin 23 on the second disc 24 is
thereby caused to act on the end of the second notch 22 in the first disc 18, and the
latter is rotated and with it the spindle 4 to draw back the latch bolt 21. When
the key is released the spring 33 of the latch bolt 21 not only forces the latter
outwards again, but rotates the spindle 4 and first dise or plate 18 backwards, and
the latter rotates the second disc or plate 24 and withdraws the stump 28 from the
levers 29, so that in this arrangement the latch bolt spring 33 is the only spring
employed in either the latch-lock or the key-lock, except of course the springs 34
for returning the levers of the latter to their normal positions.
The outside cover and case of the key-lock is shown at 35.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we desire to have it
understood that we are aware that it is not novel to apply a latch-lock to one side
of a door, a key-lock to the other side and to connect the two by means of a
spindle; also that it is not novel to secure the handle or knob to the spindle of a
latch-lock by screwing it on or into the follower, and then passing the spindle
through the follower into the handle or knob, and that we make no claim generally
to such arrangements; but that what we do claim is :-
First. In a combined latch-lock and key-lock of the kind herein referred to, the
means of adapting and securing the key-lock to a door of any thickness, within
usual limits, which consists in fixing to, or forming with the back of the key-lock,
which bears against one side of the door, a cylindrical projection provided with a
screw-thread adapted to receive a screwed ferrule applied thereto from the other
side of the door and having a flange adapted to bear against the said other side of
the door, substantially as described.
Second. In a combined latch-lock and key-lock of the kind berein referred to,
connecting the spindle by which the connection between the latch-lock and the
key-lock is effected, with the latch-lock, by fixing the same to, or forming it with
a disc or plate that lies next to the inner face of the back plate of the lock, and
forms the connection between the spindle and the key-lock mechanism, substantially
as described.
Third. In a combined latch-luck and key-lock of the kind herein referred to,
the key-lock mechanism which consists of a disc or plate connected with the lock-
spindle, a second disc or plate adapted to be operated by the key and to operate
the first disc or plate with its spindle, and to allow the said first dise or plate and
spindle to be operated by the handle or knob at the opposite side of the door
without acting upon the key-lock, the said second disc or plate carrying a stump
adapted to take into the gatings of the lock levers, substantially as described.

page_text: Fourth. In a combined latch-lock and key-lock of the kind herein referred to,
the combination of the latch-bolt, its spring, the latch-bolt follower, and the
spindle, with a disc or plate in the key-lock adapted to operate a second disc or
plate carrying the stump for the levers, whereby the latch bolt spring not only
forces the latch-bolt outwards but withdraws the stump from the gatings of the
levers when the key is released, substantially as described.
Fifth. In a combined latch-lock and key-lock of the kind herein referred to,
effecting the connection between the latch-lock on one side of the door with the
key-lock on the other side of the door by means of a spindle connected at one
end with a disc or plate which forms the connection between the said spindle and
the key-lock mechanism, and at the other end passes into a correspondingly shaped
hole in the handle or knob of the latch-lock after the said handle has been screwed
on to or into the follower, substantially as described.
G. H. CHUBB,
G. G. EXTON,
Per W. H. Beck,
115 Cannon Street, London, E.C.