IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPADES, SHOVELS, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF A SIMILAR
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Jackson, of Sheffield, in the West Riding
of Yorkshire, Steel Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPADES, SHOVELS, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF A SIMILAR
Sealed the 12th September 1861, and dated the 22nd March 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Jackson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
March 1861.
I, SAMUEL JACKSON, of Sheffield, in the West Riding of Yorkshire, Steel
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPADES, SHOVELS, AND OTHER ARTICLES
OF A BIMILAR NATURE," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar system or mode of manufacturing
spades, shovels, and other articles of a similar nature, whereby they are rendered
much more durable and perfect in their manufacture than those constructed by
the ordinary welding process.
According to this Invention it is proposed to construct the blades of articles
of the above description out of one solid piece of cast steel, which after having
a hole punched therein for the reception of the foot of the handle, is forged
and rolled down to the desired shape and thickness, thus forming the blade of
one piece of cast steel throughout without the necessity for welding, or for the
use of rivets.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Samuel Jackson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
21st September 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
JACKSON, of Sheffield, in the West Riding of Yorkshire, Steel Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Samuel Jackson, Her special license that I, the said
Samuel Jackson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Samuel Jackson, my executors, administrators, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPADES, SHOVELS, AND OTHER ARTICLES
OF A SIMILAR NATURE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Samuel Jackson, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, or under the hand and seal of one of them, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Jackson, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
My said Invention relates to a peculiar system or mode of manufacturing
spades, shovels, and other articles of a similar nature, whereby they are
rendered much more durable and perfect in their manufacture than those con-
structed by the ordinary welding process.
According to this Invention it is proposed to construct the blades of articles
of the above description out of one solid piece of cast steel, which after having
a hole punched therein for the reception of the handle, is forged and rolled
down to the desired shape and thickness, thus forming the blade of one

page_text: piece of cast steel throughout without the necessity for welding, or for the
use of rivets.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood, I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose I shall
refer to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed, the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in both Figures.
Figure 1 represents a face view of a slab or solid piece of cast steel having
a tail piece A formed thereon under a powerful press, by the aid of suitable
dies. The tail part or shank of this slab is then slit open, as shewn at a, in
Figure 2, which is a side elevation of the slab, such slitting being effected by
means of a suitable slitting tool placed in the same press. The straps 6, 6, are
thus formed, from which the socket for the handle is subsequently made. A
hole is then punched into the solid part of the slab for the reception of the
end of the handle, as shown in dotted lines at c in Figure 2, when the entire
slab is ready to be rolled and finished into a spade or shovel in the usual
manner.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, I would observe in conclusion, that what I consider to be novel and original,
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in
part recited Letters Patent, is, the system or mode of making spades, shovels,
and other articles of a similar nature from one solid piece or slab of cast steel,
as herein-before described and illustrated by the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Jackson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Eighteenth day of September, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-one.
SAMUEL JACKSON. (L.S.)