IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VARNISH AND VARNISH PAINTS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David Barker, of Northfleet, in the County of
Kent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
VARNISH AND VARNISH PAINTS,”
Sealed the 24th May 1870, and dated the 26th November 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Barker at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th November 1869.
I, DAVID BARKER, of Northfleet, in the County of Kent, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF VARNISH AND VARNISH PAINTS," to be as follows:-
Equal parts by weight of the refuse of coal tar remaining after the,
distillation of the latter for carbolic acid or naphtha, pitch, and common,
salt or caustic soda (the two latter substances either separately or
together). The water and salt or caustic soda in solution are then
drawn off from the pasty mass which has resulted from the operation
of boiling, and a quantity of fresh water is added to the latter.
The mixture is boiled, allowed to settle, and the water drawn off.

page_text: The mass is boiled or heated a third time, and sulphuric acid or
other suitable drying agent added thereto. A liquid is thus obtained
which can be used with great advantage as a varnish, and for the
manufacture of paints by combining it with suitable pigments or
colouring matters.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said David Barker in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 25th May 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, DAVID
BARKER, of Northfleet, in the County of Kent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One- thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the
thirty-third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said David Barker, Her special licence
that I, the said David Barker, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
cor such others as I, the said David Barker, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
VARNISH AND VARNISH PAINTS," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said David Barker, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said David Barker, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say :-

page_text: My said Invention consists in the combination and treatment of
certain materials, whereby a liquid or substance is obtained which can
be used with great advantage as a varnish, and for the manufacture of
paints by combining it with suitable pigments or colouring matters.
I take equal parts by weight of the refuse of coal tar oils remaining
after the distillation or treatment of the latter for the production of
carbolic acid or naphtha and pitch or other equivalent substance, and
combine therewith about seven and a half parts per cent. of chloride of
sodium (common salt). These ingredients are then mixed with water
and the whole boiled together. The water and salt in solution are then
drawn off from the pasty mass which has resulted from the operation
of boiling, and a quantity of fresh water is added to the latter. The
mixture is boiled, allowed to settle, and the water drawn off. The mass
may then be boiled or heated a third time, but this is rarely necessary,
and if considered desirable sulphuric acid or other suitable drying agent
may be added thereto. The proportion of common salt above mentioned
is that which I prefer, and which I find most advantageous in practice,
but it may be used in equal proportion to the other ingredients, and
caustic soda may also be employed in the same proportion as the common
salt, and either separately or in combination therewith.
I prefer to use the solid portions of the refuse matter before referred
to for the purposes of my said Invention, and when the compound
resulting from the treatment above described is in a pasty or solid state
the requisite amount of fluidity is obtained by heat or the admixture
therewith of turpentine or other solvent possessing properties analogous
to those of the solid substances employed.
The compound obtained by means of this Invention may be used alone
as a varnish or preservative coating, or pigments or colouring matters
may be combined therewith, but I should observe that such pigments
or colouring matters need only be employed for colouring, as the com-
pound itself possesses sufficient body, and the use of white lead or other
analogous body colour, and also of linseed oil, is rendered altogether
unnecessary.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I would
observe in conclusion that what I consider novel and original, and
therefore claim as constituting the Invention secured to me by the said

page_text: herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the combination and
treatment of the substances herein-before mentioned, substantially as
and for the purposes aforesaid, or any mere modifications thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said David Barker, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
DAVID BARKER. (L.S.)