IMPROVEMENTS IN EVAPORATING SACCHARINE FLUIDS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Greenwood, of 11, Little Alie Strect,
Goodman's Fields, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN EVAPORATING SACCHARINE FLUIDS."
Sealed the 31st May 1853, and dated the 12th April 1853.
I, THOMAS GREENWOOD, of 11, Little Alie Street, Goodman's Fields,
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN EVAPORATING SACCHARINE FLUIDS" to be
as follows:-
This Invention consists of applying, in vacuum pans, a succession of
what may be called heating planes, or series of heating surfaces, one
above the other, each consisting of a coil or series of steam pipes or
passages, and arranged in such manner that three or more of such
planes or systems of heating surfaces may be brought into action in
succession, as a vacuum pan is more and more filled with fluid.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Greenwood, in the Great Seal Patent
Office, on the 8th October 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
THOMAS GREENWOOD, of 11, Little Alie Street, Goodman's Fields, in the
County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the sixteenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Thomas Greenwood, Her special licence that I,
the said Thomas Greenwood, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Thomas Greenwood, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
EVAPORATING SACCHARINE FLUIDS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Thomas Greenwood, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
IN
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Greenwood, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof (that is to say):
This Invention consists of applying, in vacuum pans, a succession of
what may be called heating planes, or scries of heating surfaces, one
above the other, each consisting of a coil or series of steam pipes or
passages, and arranged in such a manner that three or more of such
planes or systems of heating surfaces may be brought into action in
succession, as a vacuum pan is more and more filled with fluid.

page_text: Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed
to describe the manner in which the same is to be performed.
It is well known to sugar refiners that it is important, in boiling
saccharine fluids, when good grain is desired to be obtained, that the
vacuum pan should not be fully charged at the outset, but that the
process should commence on a comparatively small quantity of the sac-
charine fluid. Now the object of my Invention is to obtain more fully
the benefits which arise from progressively charging a vacuum pan, by
so arranging the heating apparatus that the separate parts or systems
of which it is composed may be brought into action as the filling or
charging is performed, in place of having a like extent of heating
surfaces in action when only a comparatively small quantity of
saccharine fluid is in the pan, as when the full charge of such fluid is
in the pan. For this purpose I prefer to use a series of coils of pipes
fixed one above the other in a vacuum pan, each such coil having its
own stop cock or valve for the admission of steam, and its own stop
cock or valve for the exit of condensed water, so that it may not become
a heating apparatus till the charging of the vacuum pan brings the
saccharine fluid to cover it. I do not, however, confine myself to coils
of pipes, as other arrangements of heating pipes or surfaces may be
employed, so long as they are in different planes one above the other,
and are arranged in such manner as to admit of being brought into
action in succession as the pan becomes more and more filled. By this
arrangement it will be evident that the quantity of heating surfaces
may be made suitable for the quantity of saccharine fluid at any time
in the pan, in place, as before stated, of having a light extent of heating
surface in action, whether a small or a large quantity of saccharine
fluid is in the pan. In arranging the heating surfaces according to my
Invention, I make the vacuum pan with a jacket; and I introduce, as
heretofore, a coil of steam pipe on the interior, and at the bottom of
the pan; and I generally cause these two to come into action simul-
taneously when the first quantity of saccharine fluid has been run into
the pan; but the coil may be arranged to come into action at a later
period; and I arrange two, three, or more flat coils, one above the
other, and above the bottom coil, depending on the depth of pan and

page_text: the extent to which a pan is intended to be charged. And in working
such pans a quantity of saccharine liquid is run in to the pan, so as to
cover the bottom coil, when the steam is turned on to the jacket and
to the bottom coil. When this quantity of saccharine fluid has been
brought to the desired degree of concentration, a further quantity of the
fluid is run in, so as to cover the second heating coil or plane of heating
surfaces, when steam is to be turned on to such second heating plane,
and the process combined till such further quantity has been brought
to the desired degree of concentration, when a further quantity of the
fluid is to be run into the pan, and the steam turned on to cover the
third plane or coil of heating surfaces, and so on till the whole of
the heating apparatus has been brought into action, when the boiling
is to be completed. And I would state that the boiling of the liquid,
and the general working of the vacuum pan, is in other respects to
be conducted as heretofore, and as is well understood; the same will
therefore require no further description.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, I would have it understood that what
I claim is, the mode herein described of arranging or combining and
working the heating apparatus of vacuum pans used for boiling
saccharine fluids.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Greenwood, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
THOS. GREENWOOD. (L.S.)
Witness, JNO. ALCOCK.