mprovements in or Additions to Frying, Grilling, Baking, Boiling, and other Cooking Utensils and Apparatus.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 1st May, 1894.
Complete Specification Left, 30th Jan., 1895-Accepted, 27th Apr.,
1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
mprovements in or Additions to Frying, Grilling, Baking, Boiling,
and other Cooking Utensils and Apparatus.
We, CHARLES LINGHAM EDKINS, of 21 Golden Hillock Road, Small Heath,
n the City of Birmingham, Manufacturer, and JOHN LEDBROOK, of Golden
Hillock Road, Small Heath aforesaid, Railway Traffic Manager, do hereby declare
he nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:
This invention relates to frying, grilling, baking, boiling and other like cooking
atensils and apparatus, such for example as frying pans, grid-irons, stew-pans,
baking tins, preserve kettles, kitcheners, ovens, saucepans and the like used for the
cooking of meats, fish, and other alimentary substances, the baking of cakes, the
boiling and heating of milk, the frying of pancakes, and for other culinary
operations.
Our invention has for its object, the prevention of the burning, scorching or
spoiling of alimentary substances in their cooking, by retarding any rapid
transmission of heat through the medium of the cooking vessel.
Our invention consists in making up the said utensils or apparatus of two shells
or outer and inner casings, separated from each other by a cavity, wherein asbestos,
sand or silicious earth is located, and by the interposition of such heat-retaining but
bad-conducting materials, the too rapid transmission of heat from the fire to the
substances being cooked is prevented.
In carrying out our invention in connection with a frying pan, I make the same
up of a double shell or double casing, with the inside and outside walls of the same
separated from each other by a space or shallow cavity, wherein a layer of asbestos
is disposed. The asbestos is preferably in the form of thin sheets, placed between
the plates during the process of manufacture, and raised with the said plate, and
with the edges of the inner shell. turned over the boundary edges of the outer one,
Bo as to completely encase the interlocated material.
The shells may be of copper, iron, brass or other metals, and instead, of
employing asbestos, we may employ powdered or silicious slag or sand.
In carrying out our invention in connection with a stew pan, we proceed in
manner alike unto the making of a frying pan, other than that the body of the
vessel is deeper or the walls higher.
Instead of the boundary edges being made by turning the edge of the one shell
over that of the other, the same may be closed, or a hollow beading or separate
edging may be closed around the said boundary edges.
In carrying out the making of a saucepan, we proceed in like manner as in the
making of a stew-pan.
In carrying out the manufacture of a gridiron, we make the same up of top and
bottom parts, cut out from sheet metal and with the edges of the one part turned
and closed over the edges of the other part, and with thin sheet asbestos coming
between and being confined within the said parts.
The said vessels may be produced by stamping, spinning or by casting. In the
case of cast vessels, I make the asbestos or silicious earth preferably in the form of
a core, around which the walls forming the vessel are cast.
In carrying out our invention in connection with the bottoms of the ovens of
kitcheners or ranges, the asbestos or other material is interlocated between the
walls of the same.

page_text: The application of our invention to other cooking utensils and apparatus differs
in no essential respect from its application to those already described.
Dated this 30th day of April 1894.
3
Improvements in or Additions to Frying, Grilling, Baking, Boiling,
and other Cooking Utensils and Apparatus.
We, CHARLES LINGHAM EDKINS, of 21 Golden Hillock Road, Small Heath,
in the City of Birmingham, Manufacturer, and JOHN LEDBROOK, of Golden
Hillock Road, Small Heath aforesaid, Railway Traffic Manager, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to frying, grilling, boiling, baking and other cooking
utensils of a kindred nature, such for example as frying pans, grid-irons, saucepans,
stew-pans, baking tins, preserve kettles, and the like used for the cooking of meats,
fish, and other alimentary substances, the baking of cakes, the boiling and heating
of milk, the frying of pancakes, and for other culinary operations.
Our invention has for its object, the prevention of the burning, scorching or
spoiling of alimentary substances in their cooking, by retarding any rapid
transmission of heat through the medium of the cooking vessel.
Our invention cousists primarily in making up the said utensils or apparatus of
two shells or outer and inner casings, between which asbestos silicate cotton or
wool, wool slag. or like mineral substance indestructable by heat, is located, and by
the interposition of such heat-retaining but bad-conducting materials, the to
rapid transmission of heat from the fire to the substances being cooked i
prevented.
In carrying out our invention in connection with a frying pan, we make the same
up of a double shell or double casing, with a layer or stratum of asbestos interposed
between the inside and outside walls of the same. The asbestos is preferably in
the form of thin sheets, pressed close between the plates during the process of
manufacture, and raised with the said plates, and with the edges of the inner shell
turned over the boundary edges of the outer one, so as to completely encase the
interlocated asbestos.
The shells may be of copper, iron, brass or other metals.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents a frying pan made according
to our invention.
Figure 2 represents a side elevation of the same upon an enlarged scale, and with
the handle part broken off.
Figure 3 represents a vertical section of Figure 2, showing the interposed layer
of asbestos, coming as a lining between the inner and outer shells or casings.
Figure 4 represents a section of the inner metallic shell or casing.
Figure 5 represents a section of the asbestos layer separately and
Figure 6 is a section of the outside metallic shell or casing.
Thus, in making up a frying pan, the two shells, a and b, are placed one within
the other or one over the other, and during the time that the. said outside shella
are held in close contact, the edges a', of the shell a, are turned over the edges b',

page_text: Pan og
over edge d, without any intervening space being left between the interposed
asbestos c and the enveloping shells.
It will be seen that the asbestos extends all along the bottom of the utensil and
also up the sides.
Figure 7 represents our invention applied to a hanging frying pan.
Figure 8 represents a vertical section of a saucepan constructed according to our
invention.
In carrying out the production of such an article, we proceed in manner alike
unto the making of a frying pan, other than that the body of the vessel is deeper
or the walls higher.
Figure 9 represents the component parts of the saucepan separated, or before
the flanged edge a¹, of the inner metallic shell a, is closed over the edge b', of the
outer metallic shell b, forming a rolled edging d whilst the asbestos lining c, comes
between the inner and outer shells, which are held close together during the
process of closing so as to prevent any space intervening between the asbestos and
their inner faces.
Instead of the boundary edges being made by turning the edge of the one shell
over that of the other, the same may be closed, or a hollow beading or separate
edging may be closed around the said boundary edges.
In carrying out the making of a stew pan or preserving kettle as in Figure 10,
a baking or other tiu as Figure 11, or a milk saucepan as in Figure 12, we proceed
in like manner as already described in the making of a saucepan.
In carrying out the manufacture of a gridiron, we make the same up of top and
bottom parts, cut out from sheet metal, and with the edges of the one part turned
and closed over the edges of the other part, and with thin sheet asbestos coming
between and being confined within the said parts.
Figure 13 represents a plan of a gridiron made according to one form of this
part of our invention, whilst
Figure 14 represents a section of Figure 13 upon the dotted lines x-x, showing
how the interposed layer of asbestos comes between the upper and under component
shells of the grid.
Figure 15 represents an underside plan of the grid, with some of the bars broken
into, in order to lay bare a portion of the intervening asbestos material.
Figure 16 represents the component parts of the grid separately.
Figure 17 represents, in section, the said parts put together, but prior to the
boundary flanges of the piercings and the outside boundary edges of the top shell
being closed over the boundary edges of the piercings and the outside boundary
edges in and of the lower plate.
a is the upper shell, with the boundary edge having flanges a¹, and with the grid
piercings a, having boundary flanges a around the bars a. b is the lower shell,
with a general boundary b', grid piercings & and bars 6, alike unto and similarly
arranged as the bars a', of the top plate, and surrounded by boundary edges 6*.
c is the interposed asbestos, cut out into the figure of a grid.
In making up a gridiron, place the upper plate a, over the lower grid plate b,
with the asbestos grid-like layer c, coming between them. Then, whilst the one
shell or pierced plate is held closely to the other metallic shell or pierced plate,
the edges a', of the plate a, are clenched or turned eyelet-wise over the edges 6', of
the under shell b.
Figure 18 represents a modified form of grid constructed according to our
invention.
In this arrangement the top and bottom shells or pierced plates of the grid are
clenched or rivetted together by loose closed eyelettings.
Figure 19 is a cross section of Figure 18 upon the dotted lines A.
Figure 20 represents one of the loose eyelets separately, whilst Figure 21 is a
cross section of the same upon the dotted lines B.
a is the top plate or shell and bis the under plate or shell, with asbestos

page_text: 1'
coming between them, whilst the said top and bottom or outer shells are secured
and closed together by long eyelets e.
If necessary, cach bar of the grid may be made separately from a strip of metal
turned over so as to enclose a strip of asbestos, and be secured to the frame of a
grid by rivetting or the like as represented in Figure 22, whilst
Figure 23 is a section, upon an enlarged scale, of one of the bars separately.
In making a cheap form of grid-iron, I take a single blank of sheet metal and
slit the same at parts, and turn over the metal adjacent to the splits upon the
underside, with the asbestos coming between the turned over or turned back metal
and the underside of the body part.
Figure 24 represents a cheap form of gridiron, made according to this part of
our invention. One half of the said view shows the metal made up into a grid-
iron, with asbestos located between the turned-over metal parts, whilst the other
half shows the split metal blank, prior to the turning over.
Figure 25 represents a section of a completed gridiron.
a is the metal blank, and a', as are the slits, whilst a' are the turned back edges
of the slit parte, with the asbestos c, coming between them and the metal of the
bars a³.
Where asbestos is referred to, it is understood that silicate cotton or wool, wool
slag, or like mineral substance indestructible by heat can be employed in lieu of
asbestos.
The application of our invention to other kindred cooking utensils and
apparatus differs in no essential respect from its application to those already
described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
:-
"
First. In frying and like pans, interlocating between the walls of a metallic
enveloping shell or shells constituting the body of the pan, asbestos or like
substance indestructible by heat, as set forth.
Secondly. In a frying or like pan, making up the body of the same from two
metallic shells, placed one within the other, with asbestos or like substance
indestructible by heat interlocated between them, and with the edges of the one
turned over the edges of the other, or with the edges of the one connected to the
edges of the other by a separate closing edge or beading, substantially as described
and set forth in Figures 1 to 7.
Thirdly. In saucepans, stew paus, preserving kettles, baking tins and other
culinary articles of a like nature, interlocating between the walls of a metallic
enveloping shell or shells constituting the body of the article, asbestos or like
substance indestructible by heat, as set forth.
Fourthly. In saucepans, stew pans, preserving kettles, baking tins and other
culinary articles of a like nature, making up the bodies of the same from two
metallic shells,, placed one within the other, with asbestos, or like substance
indestructible by heat interlocated between them, and with the edges of the one
turned over the edges of the other, or with the edges of the one connected to the
edges of the other, by a separate closing edge or beading, substantially as described
and set forth in Figures 8 to 12.
Fifthly: In grid-irons, interlocating between two grid-plates or barred metallic
shells constituting the body of the article, asbestos or like substance indestructible
by heat as set forth.
Sixthly. In gridirons, making up the bodies of the same from two metallic grid
plates or barred shells,, placed together, with asbestos or like substance
indestructible by heat interlocated between them, and with the edges of parts of
the one turned over edges of parts of the other, or, with the said plates or shells
connected together by loose eyelets, substantially as described and set. forth in
Figures 13 to 21.

page_text: Seventhly. In gridirons, making the same from a single shell or blank of sheet
metal, and lined with asbestos or like substance indestructible by heat, substantially
as described and set forth in Figures 22, 23, 24 & 25.
Dated this 29th day of January 1895.
CHARLES LINGHAM EDKINS,
JOHN LEDBROOK,
By Henry Skerrett,
6, Livery Street, Birmingham, Agent for Applicants.