IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING LOOPED, TERRY,. OR OTHER SIMILAR FABLICS
Year: 1852

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME OR BE
MADE KNOWN, I, JOSEPH DENTON, late of Rochdale, in the County of
Lancaster, and now residing at Prestwich, in the same County, Gentleman,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Royal
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twenty-third day of February, in the fifteenth year of Her
reign, and in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Joseph Denton, my exors, admors, and assigns, Her special license, full
power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Joseph Denton, my exors,
admors, and assigns, and such others as I, the said Joseph Denton, my
exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
that part of Her Majesty's United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
called England, Her Majesty's Dominion of Wales, the Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, and the Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, and Man,.
and in all Her Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING LOOPED, TERRY,.
OR OTHER SIMILAR FABLICS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a
proviso that I, the said Joseph Denton, shall cause a particular description.
or instrument in writing under my hand and seal, of the nature of my In-
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed or carried into
practical effect, to be enrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery

page_text: within six calendar months next immediately after the date of the said
herein in part recited Letters Patent, as, reference being thereunto had, will
more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Joseph Denton, do hereby declare the nature and particulars of my In-
vention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly
described and set forth in the following description or Specification, reference
being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed, and forming part
of my said Specification, in which Drawings similar letters of reference are
used to denote similar parts or parts, such part or parts appear in the various
diagrams.
My Invention consists of improved means of raising the pile, terry, or loop
on the surface of carpets, velvets, or other similar fabrics, such pile, terry, or
loop having been hitherto usually raised from the warp threads by means of
wires or pins passing through or supporting a portion of the terry warp
sufficient to form the loop, the said wires or pins being withdrawn as the.
process of weaving progresses, or the said pile, terry, or loop is sometimes
formed or raised by the weft threads not being closely beaten up by the reed
at every pick or shoot, but by a number of them being beaten up at once by
an increased action of the reed, the terry warp being slackened to enable it
to be puckered up into loops, or by other complicated machinery or processes.
My improved arrangements are both simple in process and economical in
construction, and by the employment thereof a much greater quantity of goods
in a given time will be produced, and they may be applied to any of the
ordinary looms, even to the common looms used for weaving calicoes, and will
be fully understood by the following explanation.
To the loom frame I fix or attach a small table opposite to and parallel
with the breast beam and slay or lathe, on which table the warp threads
rest during the operation of weaving. This table has a forward and
backward motion, same as the slay or lathe, but it does not move
at every pick, only when it is necessary to raise the terry. Over this
table I attach a moveable bar with a fine or feather edge parallel with the
edge of the table, and which is to move vertically as well as backward and
forward in unison with the table. These motions are obtained and regu-
lated by levers attached to a cam wheel in the tappet shaft, so that as the slay,
or lathe is brought forward to beat up the weft thread in the shed, the said
bar advances with the table, then by its vertical motion presses down the terry
warp on the draw thread and binder, on the edge of the table, and by a
well-regulated crimping or pinching action, the bar takes up just as much of

page_text: the terry warp as is necessary to form the loop, and keeps it in that position
until the requisite number of picks are put in to complete the terry, with
which it recedes to the shed, and allows the slay or lathe to beat it up firmly
in its place. The bar then rises from the table, and they and the slay or lathe
retire to their respective positions in opposite directions, and meet each other
again to perform the same operations as often as the shuttle places the neces-
sary number of picks in the shed. I also introduce an extra warp thread
under the terry warp, in order to present an increased substance at the time
of raising the terry, and to assist in binding the pick with the back or ground-
work. The whole of this apparatus may be made of iron or other suitable
metal or materials. The foregoing description will be more clearly under-
stood by reference to the Drawings, in which Fig. 1 represents a side elevation
of the loom with my improved apparatus attached, Fig. 2 a front elevation
thereof, Fig. 3 a plan of the same, and Fig. 4 a side elevation of my
improved apparatus on an enlarged scale. a represents the frame of the loóm.
b, the tappet shaft. c, the healds. d, the roller beam. e, the cloth beam.
f, the heddles. g, the reed. h, my improved table. i, a stay or fixing to
regulate the necessary position of the table, by which the required length of
the loop is regulated. k, the warps or warp threads resting on the table. 1,
the bar which descends and falling upon the warps at the edge of the table,
gathers up as much of the terry warp as is necessary to form the loop, then,
recedes, and allows the slay or lathe to beat it firmly up in the shed. The
edge of the bar and surface of the table must be planed, and set truly. This
bar may be made of one piece of metal the exact size, having its. edge planed
truly to work or scrape on the planed surface of the table, so as to crimp
or pinch up the whole of the threads of the terry warp, or it may be left
a little smaller than is requisite for the purpose, and a loose piece or strip
of metal, truly planed as aforesaid, may be screwed or fixed on the bar, and
removed to be repaired when necessary. The latter method will perhaps be
found more convenient for repairs. m, levers, giving motion to the table
and bar. n, a cam fixed on the tappet shaft b, which communicates the
necessary motion to the levers m. o, a tappet wheel fixed on the tappet
shaft b. p, levers to raise the rods q and bar l. r, a bell-crank lever adjusted
by the screws 8, to allow the required forward movement. t, a shaft, to
which are fixed the rods which support the table h. u, the tappet. v, a lever,
acted upon by the tappet u, to ease and regulate the weight on the terry
warp.
Having fully described the nature and particulars of my improved machinery
or apparatus, and the manner of working the same, I desire it to be distinctly

page_text: understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details thereof as herein
described, as such may be slightly modified or varied without departing from
the principle of my Invention, but my claim is for those parts of the machinery
or apparatus herein-before set forth, described, and illustrated in and by the
annexed Drawings, for the better and more effectually raising the pile, loop, or
terry in or on certain fabrics by the "crimping or pinching action" produced
by the table, bar, and levers, in combination with the apparatus described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Denton, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentieth day of August, One thousand eight