Year: 1886

page_text: I, FRIEDRICH NEUKIRCH, of Börse Zimmer N° 19, Bremen in the German
Empire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
My invention relates to a construction of hydraulic apparatus wherein a cylinder
has a hollow plunger which also works over a central pipe or tubular fixed plunger
attached to the bottom of the cylinder, the water pressure being admitted both to
the interior of the cylinder and into the interior of the movable plunger througli
the fixed plunger by means of valve gear so arranged, that the water pressure can
thereby be admitted either only into the interior of the movable plunger, when
comparatively small power and quick travel is required, or only into the cylinder
when greater power is required or both into the cylinder and the plunger when
still greater power is required.
The accompanying drawing shews the arrangement which I prefer to employ for
the above purpose. Fig. 1 shews a vertical section of the hydraulic apparatus and
Fig. 2 shews a section of the regulating apparatus which I prefer to employ for
varying the water pressure supply thereto as above described.
A is the hydraulic cylinder, in which works the hollow plunger B, that slides
with suitable packing upon the fixed tubular plunger C. Water pressure is
conducted to and from the cylinder A through the pipe a, and to and from the
interior of the plunger C through the pipe b. If water pressure be admitted only
through a into A, while b is in connection with the discharge, the effective pressure
will be that due to the difference between the sectional areas of the plungers B
and C. If water pressure be admitted only through b, while a is in connection
with the discharge, the effective pressure will be that due to the sectional area of
plunger C (namely, the internal sectional area of B less the annular area between B
and C. If, on the other hand, the water pressure be admitted both through a and b,
then the effective pressure will be that due to the entire sectional area of plunger B.
In the arrangement for effecting the above described regulation of the water
pressure supply shewn at Fig. 2 the slide casing D is provided firstly with an inlet
and outlet port c for the water pressure supply, which is controlled by valve gear
in any known manner, secondly with a discharge port d leading to a reservoir,
thirdly with a supply port a' for pipe a, and lastly with a supply port 6' for pipe b.
When the slide E, actuated by the lever F is in the position shewn, the water

page_text: pressure can enter or escape from both the pipes a and b, as last described; if the
slide be moved downwards so as to establish a communication between the ports b¹
and d, then the water pressure will only enter the cylinder A through the pipe a,
as first described; if the slide be moved upward so as to uncover bl and make a¹
communicate with d, then the second above described condition is established.
The slide is maintained in either position by means of a pin or catch holding the
lever F in the respective positions upon the quadrant guide G, which may be
conveniently marked at those points with the amount of pressure which the
hydraulic apparatus can exert when the slide is brought into those positions.
The discharge pipe & should be connected with a discharge reservoir raised some-
what above the hydraulic apparatus in order that the spaces in the cylinder and
plungers may always be kept full of water.
Fig. 4 shews a section of a modified form of the regulating apparatus arranged
as a rotating cock or valve instead of as a slide. E is the rotatable plug or valve,
contained in a cylindrical chamber of the barrel or casing D, into which open the
ports of the water pressure inlet and outlet c, the supply pipes a and b, to the
hydraulic cylinder and plunger, and the discharge pipe d. Fig. 4 shews the position
of the plug in which the water pressure is admitted both to a and b, and Figs. 5
and 6 shew the positions for admitting the water supply respectively to a and
to b only.
The packing for the plunger B may be effected either by a stuffing box, as at
Fig. 1, or by means of cup leathers like those of a piston, as shewn at Fig. 3.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. In combination with hydraulic, apparatus consisting of a cylinder having
a hollow movable plunger working over a tubular plunger fixed to the bottom of
the cylinder, the use of apparatus for regulating the water supply thereto, so
arranged that, by the adjustment of a single slide or valve, the water pressure may
be admitted either only to the interior of the hollow plunger through the fixed
tubular plunger, or only to the space in the cylinder surrounding the fixed and
movable plungers, or simultaneously to both these spaces, whereby the hydraulic
apparatus is enabled to work with three different powers.
2. The use in combination with hydraulic apparatus consisting of the cylinder A,
hollow movable plunger B, and fixed tubular plunger C of the supply regulating
apparatus consisting of the casing D with water pressure inlet and outlet port c
discharge port d, supply port a leading to cylinder A and supply port b leading to
plunger C, such ports.being controlled by a slide, plug or valve E, substantially as
herein described with reference to Figs. 2, 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawing.
Dated this Oth day of A: 1000
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.