AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING OR OBTAINING OILS FROM WHALE, COD, OR OTHER FISH."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Rose Deheer, of Hull, in the County of the
same Town, Oil Merchant, for an Invention of "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF
AND APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING OR OBTAINING OILS FROM WHALE, COD,
OR OTHER FISH."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Rose Deheer at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th November 1880.
WILLIAM ROSE DEHEER, of Hull, in the County of the same Town, Oil
Merchant. "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING OR
OBTAINING OILS FROM WHALE, COD, OR OTHER FISH."
This Invention relates to an improved method of and apparatus for extracting
or obtaining oils from whale, cod, seal, or other fish, the especial objects of the
Invention being to obtain a superior quality of oil than is obtainable by the usual
method or process, and to destroy and render the noxious effluvia arising therefrom
innocuous.
It has been usual hitherto to obtain the oils by the direct application or action
of fire to or on the vessel containing the whale or seal blubber or the fish livers,
but the resulting oil is of an inferior quality to that which the blubber or livers is
capable of yielding if a more perfect method of working were adopted.
In carrying this Invention into practice, and in order to obtain the best quality
of oil which the blubber or livers is capable of yielding, I extract the oil by means
of the improved apparatus hereinafter described, the necessary heat being
obtained from steam, and the action being aided by the production of a partial
vacuum.
The whale or seal blubber or fish livers, or the stuff from which the oil is to be
extracted, is or are placed in an inner or jacketted pan or container, which is
surrounded by another, steam being supplied to the intervening annular space by
suitable connections. One half of the lid of the jacketted pan can be removed for
the placing in and removal from the pan of the stuff to be operated upon, and
which has been operated upon, and before the steam is turned on to the aid

page_text: annular space the inner pan is nearly filled with the stuff containing oil which it
is desired to extract, a sufficient space being left for the rising of the stuff, and the
half lid is then screwed down air-tight. The steam is then turned on to the
annular space from a boiler or other convenient generator, and thus effects
the necessary heating of the contents of the inner pan, the water of condensation
being led away from the annular space by suitable means, such as a tap or steam
trap.
Upon the stuff rising within the pan it is knocked down by means of a revolving
beater or fan on a shaft, which descends centrally within the pan, and at its
bottom is provided with a stirrer, which prevents the sediment from burning at
the bottom, the shaft being fitted air-tight, and actuated by any suitable means
outside the apparatus. The oil produced is run off from the inner pan by means
of a pipe having suitable connections.
The process of extracting the oil from the stuff is very greatly aided, according
to the present Invention, by forming a partial vacuum within the inner pan by
means of a fan or other suitable contrivance for drawing the moisture and gasses
as they arise or are generated within the inner pan rapidly away, as this reduces
the pressure, and causes the stuff to boil with less than ordinary boiling heat.
The noxious gases and moisture as they are thus drawn away from the jacketted
pan are, by the same means, impelled through a condensing pipe, which winds
circuitously downwards through a vat of cold water towards and out through the
bottom of the vat, where the condensed moisture is led away to a drain or into a
receiver, which is ventilated into an upward extension of the condensing pipe,
which conveys all the foul gases which are drawn from the jacketted pan to and
passes them into and through the boiler or other furnace, where they are consumed
and rendered innocuous.
By the above described means I attain the specified objects of the Invention in
a most economical manner.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Rose Deheer in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
12th May 1881..
C
⚫ WILLIAM ROSÉ DEHEER, of Hull, in the County of the same Town, Oil
Merchant. "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING OR
OBTAINING OILS FROM WHALE, COD, OR OTHER FISH."
This Invention relates to an improved method of and apparatus for extracting
or obtaining oils from whale, cod, seal, or other fish, the especial objects of the
Invention being to obtain a superior quality of oil than is obtainable by the usual
method or process, and to destroy or render the noxious effluvia arising therefrom
innocuous.
It has been usual hitherto to obtain the oils by the direct application or action
of fire to or on the vessel containing the whale or seal blubber or the fish livers,
but the resulting oil is of an inferior quality to that which the blubber or livers
is capable of yielding if a more perfect method of working were adopted.
In carrying this Invention into practice, and in order to obtain the best quality
of oil which the blubber or livers is capable of yielding, I extract the oil by means
of the improved apparatus hereinafter described, the necessary heat being
obtained from steam, and the action being aided by the production of a partial
vacuum.
In order that my Invention may be distinctly understood, I have annexed
hereunto one Sheet of Drawings illustrativo of the manner in which I perform
or carry it into practical effect, and I have marked the same with Figs. of reference
corresponding with those in the following description or explanation thereof, that
is to say:
'
On the annexed Sheet of Drawings Figure 1 represents a plan view of my
improved arrangement of apparatus, and Figure 2 represents the same in sectional
elevation.
The whale or seal blubber or fish livers, or the stuff from which the oil is to be
extracted, is or are placed in an inner or jacketted pan or container 1; which is
surrounded by another pan 2, steam being supplied to the, intervening annular
space 3 by means of suitable connections 4 leading from a boiler or other steam
generator. 5 represents one part of the lid closing the open mouth of the pan 1,
and this part is made fast by bolts 6 passing through the flange of each pan.
The other part 7 of the lid is removable for the placing in and removal from the
pan 1 of the stuff to be or which has been operated upon, and before the steam
is turned on to the annular space 3 the inner pan 1 is nearly filled with the stuff
containing oil which it is desired to extract, a sufficient space being left for the
rising of the stuff, and the part 7 of the lid is then made to effect the complete
and air-tight closure of the opening through which the stuff was inserted into the
pan by means of clamps or screws 8. The steam is then admitted to the space 3
by means of the connections 4, and it quickly effects the necessary heating of the
contents of the pan 1, the water of condensation from the steam being led away
from the space 3 by any suitable means 9, such as a tap or steam trap.
•
The pan 1 is centrally fitted with a stirrer or agitator 10 which prevents the
sediment from burning at the bottom, and ensures an even treatment of the stuff,
and expedites the action of the steam, and also with a fan or beater 11; by means
of which the stuff as it rises within the pan is knocked down, and as it were
opened to the freer action of the steam, the shaft or shafts 12 upon which the
stirrer or beater is secured being fitted air-tight in the part 5 of the lid, and
provided with a handle 13 or any other equivalent, means by which they can

page_text: be revolved or reciprocated either continuously or intermittently by power or by
hand, as required.
The oil which is thus extracted runs off from the pan 1 by means of a pipe 14
having suitable connections and leading to any suitable reservoir.
The process of extracting the oil from the stuff is greatly aided, according to the
present Invention, by forming a partial vacuum within the pan 1 by means of a
fan 15 or other equivalent contrivance for rapidly drawing away the moisture and
gases as they are generated and arise within the pan, as this reduces the pressuro
within the pan and causes the stuff to boil more casily and at a lower temperature.
The fan 15 may be driven by a belt 16 from any convenient motive power, and at
any required speed.
The noxious gases and moisture as they are thus drawn away from the pan 1
through the tubes 17 are by the same means impelled through a tube 18 into and
through a condensing pipe 19, which is preferably made of lead, and of a gradually
diminishing diameter, and winds circuitously downwards within a vat 20 containing
cold water, being supported by brackets 21 and issuing from the vat near the
bottom thereof, as shown at 22, whence the condensed moisture is led away by a
pipo 23 to a drain, or into a tub or receiver 24 which is ventilated by a pipe 25
into an upward extension or connection 26 of the pipe 19, and by which all the
uncondensed foul gases which were drawn from the jacketted pan are conveyed to
and passed into and through the boiler or other furnace, where they are rendored
innocuous and consumed.
By the above-described means I obtain the hereinbefore specified objects of the
Invention in a most economical manner.
Having now described the nature and objects of my said Invention, together
with the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into
practical effect, I would remark in conclusion that I claim as the Invention secured
to me by the hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent,-
First. The improved method of extracting or obtaining oil from whale, cod, seal,
or other fish, such method consisting in enclosing the blubber or fish livers, or stuff
from which the oil is to be extracted, within a jacketted pan or receiver, wherein
it can be agitated, and in obtaining the necessary heat for the extraction of the
oil by the application of steam to the exterior of the jacketted pan or receiver, and
in aiding the action of the steam and extraction of the oil by the production
within the jacketted pan or receiver of a partial vacuum (and by which method an
oil of a superior quality and in increased quantity is obtained), substantially as
herein before described.
Second. The improved method of rendering innocuous and destroying the noxious
effluvia arising in or from the extraction or obtainment of oil from the blubber,
livers, or oil yielding stuff of whale, cod, seal, or other fish subjected in a closed
vessel to heat, such method consisting in withdrawing the foul gases, moisture, and
fumes as they arise from the agitated and heated oil yielding stuff within the
enclosed vessel from the latter, and in causing them to traverso circuitously through
a condensing apparatus, whereby the condensed moisture is led to a suitable drain
or container, and the uncondensed gases are led to, into, and through a boiler or
other furnace, substantially as hereinbefore described.
Third. The bereinbefore described improved combination and arrangement of
apparatus for effecting the above referred to extraction of the oil and destruction
of the effluvia arising therefrom, such improved combination and arrangement
consisting in the use of an inner pan or container, jacketted or surrounded by
another pan, which is provided with suitable connections for admitting steam to
the annular space between the paus, and for leading the water of condensation
therefrom, the inner pan being provided with suitable connections for leading the
extracted oil from it, and with an agitator or stirrer for preventing the sediment at
the bottom of the inner pan burning, and for stirring up tho oil yielding stuff, and
with a beater for knocking the stuff down as it rises, and with suitable means for
actuating the agitator and beater, and with a lid, part of which is removable for

page_text: the placing in and removal of the oil yielding stuff, and which can be clamped or
closed down air-tight, in combination with a fan or equivalent means for drawing
away the gases as they arise within the inner pan from the oil yielding stuff, and
with a gradually diminishing condensing pipe which circuitously descends through
a tub or vat of cold water, and through which the said gases as they are drawn
from the inner pan are driven, and thus partially condensed in their passage, the
condensed moisture being suitably led away, or to a tub or receiver, and the
uncondensed gases being led to a furnace, all substantially as herein before described
& as illustrated in the annexed Sheet of Drawings.
And, Fourth. The use separately of the pans and their appurtenances in combi-
nation with the fan or its equivalent for extracting oil from fish blubbers or livers,
and of the fan or its equivalent with the condensing vat and its appurtenances, and
connections for rendering innocuous and destroying the noxious effluvia arising
from the extraction of oil from fish blubbers or livers.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Rose Deheer, have hercunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventh day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty-one.
W. R. DEHEER. (L.S.)