Improvements in Hydraulic Hoisting or Elevating Apparatus.
Year: 1899

page_text: Improvements in Hydraulic Hoisting or Elevating Apparatus.
I, ANDREW DEAS, of 67, Sydney Street, Glasgow, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to 'hydraulic hoisting or elevating apparatus and it has for
its object to improve the same.
In carrying out my invention I use two hydraulic cylinders which are constructed
in the usual manner and arranged the one in line with the other. The one cylinder
is more powerful than the other and is, preferably, provided with a ram of about
3 inches diameter whilst the less powerful cylinder is, preferably, provided with a ram
of 2 inches diameter. The rains are geared up in the usual manner by means
of pulleys and wire ropes or chains with the hoisting or elevating. tackle. Provided
in conjunction with the hydraulic rams is a supply cock by means of which live water
can be turned on to either the one run or the other ram as desired or to both rams
simultaneously. This cock is also provided with suitable exhaust passages or
openings for the spent water. There may also be provided in conjunction with the
apparatus an auxiliary water tank from which water can be supplied, when desired,
to one or other of the cylinders so as to fill up the space at the back of an advancing
ram thereby preventing the creation of a vacuum and also facilitating the operation
of such ram when completing a partial stroke.
The cylinders are so arranged in line with one another that their rams can
be connected together by means of a key, pin, sleeve, or such like.
The advantage of the arrangement is that the small cylinder can be utilized to lift
a load of say, for example, 3 cwt., whilst the large cylinder can be utilized to lift a
load of, say, 7 cwt., whilst, when water is supplied to both cylinders, they can
conjointly lift 10 cwt.
The supply cock is preferably made with a hollow plug and with a series of radial
ports in the barrel said ports being capable of being brought into communication
with one another by means of suitable grooves and (or) openings in the plug.
If desired instead of using a cock a suitably constructed valve may be employed.
The cylinders and rams can, of course, be made of such diameters as are best
suited for the work to be performed.
Dated this 5th day of June 1800
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
100, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.

page_text: I, ANDREW DEAS, of 67, Sydney Street, Glasgow, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :―
This invention relates to hydraulic hoisting or elevating apparatus and it has for its
object to improve the same.
In carrying out my invention I use two hydraulic cylinders which are constructed
in the usual manner and arranged the one in line with the other. The one cylinder
is more powerful than the other and is, preferably, provided with a ram of about
3 inches diameter whilst the less powerful cylinder is, preferably, provided with a ram
of about 2 inches diameter. The rams are geared up in the usual manner by means
of pulleys and wire ropes or chains with the hoisting or elevating tackle. Provided
in conjunction with the hydraulic rams is a supply cock by means of which live water
can be turned on to either the one rara or the other ram, as desired or to both rams
simultaneously. This cock is also provided with suitable exhaust passages or openings
for the spent water. There may also be provided in conjunction with the apparatus
an auxiliary water tank from which water can be supplied, when desired, to one or
other of the cylinders so as to fill up the space at the back of an advancing ram
thereby preventing the creation of a vacuum and also facilitating the operation of such
ram when completing a partial stroke.
The cylinders are so arranged in line with one another that their rams can be
connected together by means of a key, pin, sleeve or such like.
The advantage of the arrangement is that the small cylinder can be utilized to lift
a load of, say, for example, 3 cwts., whilst the large cylinder can be utilized to lift a
load of, say, 7 cwts., whilst, when live water is supplied to both cylinders, they can
conjointly lift 10 cwts.
If desired, instead of using a supply cock a suitably constructed supply valve may
be employed.
The cylinders and rams can, of course, be made of such diameters as may be best
suited for the work to be performed.
In order that my said invention may be properly understood I have hereunto
appended two explanatory sheets of drawings, whereon,
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of an elevator showing my improved elevating apparatus
in front view.
Fig. 2 is a section of the elevator showing the elevating apparatus in side view.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical section of an hydraulic cylinder with ram.
Fig. 4 is a half section of the supply cock.
Fig. 5 is a cross section on the line X-X Fig. 4.
Figs. 4 and 5 are drawn to a greatly enlarged scale.
Fig. 6 is a plan view of the key of the cock.
Figs. 7, 8 and 9 are views illustrating the action of the cock.
Referring to the drawings whereon the same reference letters wherever repeated
indicate the same parts.
a, b, are two hydraulic cylinders of the usual construction arranged in line one above
the other. The lower cylinder a has a ram c of, say, about 34" diameter whilst the
upper cylinder b, has a ram d of, say, about 2 inches diameter. These cylinders are
supported in place within the well e by means of brackets f. As is clearly shown in
the sectional view Fig. 3 the large ram c is, at its upper end, jointed to the lower end
of the ram d by means of a socket joint and taper pin g (see Fig. 3).
The wire ropes h, h¹, extend from the eye bolts i at the lower end of the cylinder a

page_text: round the pulleys j j, k, k¹, and 1, U, and then up and over the pulleys mm² to the
cage n which latter may be of any well known construction.
The pressure water pipe o passes to the supply cock p and communicates there-
with by means of the two inlet branches p1, p2. p³, pt, are the two exhaust branches
of the supply cock and these branches communicate with the pipe u¹. p³, p6 are
two branches which are connected to the two pipes q, r, the one, 7, leading to the
upper end of the large cylinder a and the other, r, to the upper end of the small
cylinder b.
The plug or key of the supply cock has a long spindle s of square section attached
to it and this spindle, whose rounded upper end works in a bearing bracket s', has
a hand wheel which fits loosely on it. Just below the hand wheel is an indicating
dial t and below the latter a supporting bracket 2 secured to the cage n.
The
bracket indicating dial t¹ and hand wheel tare arranged to travel up and down the
spindle s as the cage rises and falls in the well . Fig. 1, is an opening made in the
cage for the purpose of readily manipulating the hand wheel.
u is an auxiliary water tank supported on the cross beams v. This tank is supplied
with water from the pipe.¹ which latter, as aforesaid, is in connection with the
exhaust branches p³ p, of the supply cock p. Gravitation water can be supplied
from this tank by means of the pipe ² and branches u³, ut, to the upper ends of
the cylinders b, a. w, w, are check valves of the usual construction on the
branches u³, u³. u is an overflow pipe from the tank u.
The construction of the supply cock p is clearly shown at Figs. 4 and 5. As will
be seen the barrel of the cock has the four ways or branches p¹, p², for the supply
of live fluid and p³, 21, for exhausting the spent fluid and also the ways or
branches p, p, connected with the pipes r, q. The key is tapered and is made
with four grooves on it two x, x¹, at the lower end and two y, y¹, at the upper end.
The plan view of the key, Fig. 6, clearly shows, in dotted lines, the arrangement of
these 'grooves.
It will be seen that the grooves x, x¹, are at diametrically opposite
sides of the key whereas the grooves y, y¹, are not diametrically opposite each other.
With my invention when it is desired to raise or lower a load of, say, about 7 cwts.
the key so is turned by means of the spindle s and hand wheel into the position
shown at Figs. 5 and 7, that is, with the groove x in communication with the live
fluid inlet p2 and the branch p" leading to the pipe 7. In this position the groove x¹
is shut and also the upper grooves y, y¹. Live water now passes from the pipe p² to
the pipe and the upper end of the large cylinder with the result that the large
ram C is forced outwards. As the small ram is jointed to the large ram it moves
along therewith. The outward movement of the ram c raises the cage with its
load in the usual manner. As the rams c, d, move outwards water is sucked into
the cylinder b at the back of the rain d through the check valve w from the pipe u²
and auxiliary tank u. In order to again lower the cage the hand wheel t is turned
SO as to bring the grooves x¹, y', into communication with the branches
p3, p, and p, p". The spent water at the back of both rams will now flow through
the pipes r, q, to the branches p³, p, and from thence to the branches p³, pt, and
pipe to the auxiliary tank u.
If it is desired to raise a load of, say, 3 cwts. the hand wheel t is turned so that the
key 8° will assume the position shown at Fig. 8, which is a section taken on the line Y Y
Fig. 4 when the key is in this position. In this position the groove y is in communi-
cation with the branches p¹ and p so that live water is supplied from the branch p¹
through the groove y to the branch p³ and pipe leading to the upper end of the
sinall cylinder b. The admission of the live water to this cylinder forces out its ram d
and also the ram c jointed to it. The outward movement of the rams raises the
cage. As the ram c moves outward water is sucked in to the upper end of the
cylinder a at the back of the ram through the check valve w¹ from the pipe u² and
tank u.
In order to lower the cage the hand wheel is turned so as to exhaust the
water in both cylinders through the pipes r, q, and branches p', p, and from thence
through the branches p³, pt, and pipe u¹ to the auxiliary tank u in the same manner
as before.

page_text: If it is desired to lift a load of, say, 10 cwts. the hand wheel t is turned so as to
bring the key so into the position shown at Fig. 9, (this is a section also taken on the
line Y Y Fig. 4) that is, half round from the position shown at Fig. 6. Live water is
now supplied simultaneously from the pipes p¹, p², through the grooves y¹, ¹, to the
branches p, p, and from thence through the pipes r, g, to the upper ends of the
cylinders b. a. The fluid pressure acts on both rams simultaneously and forces them
out thereby raising the cage. In this case owing to both cylinders being filled with
live water no gravitation water from the pipe u² enters the cylinders through the
check valves w, w¹, which latter are held closed by the pressure of the live water in
the cylinders. To lower the cage the hand wheel t is turned so as to exhaust the
spent water from both cylinders through the pipes r, q, in the manner already
described.
If desired instead of the two hydraulic rams being jointed together they may be
made in one piece.
In some cases where desired three or more hydraulic rams may be arranged to work
in the same manner as the rams c and d.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I consider novel
and desire to claim is :-
1. Hydraulic hoisting or elevating apparatus characterized by two (or more) rains
arranged in line and connected together the one ram being more powerful than the
other the said rams being so arranged that live fluid can be supplied to either the one
or the other or to both simultaneously substantially as and for the advantage herein-
before set forth.
2. The combination with the arrangement of hydraulic rams claimed in Claim 1,
of a water supply cock constructed substantially as hereinbefore described with
reference to the drawings annexed.
3. An hydraulic hoisting or elevating apparatus constructed and operating
substantially as herein before described with reference to the drawings annexed.
Dated this 6th day of April 1900.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
100, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.