IMPROVEMENTS IN COVERING STEAM BOILERS OR OTHER VESSELS SO AS TO PREVENT RADIATION OF HEAT, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John George Cameron, of the Town and County of
Kingston upon Hull, Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
COVERING STEAM BOILERS OR OTHER VESSELS SO AS TO PREVENT RADIATION
OF HEAT, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER SIMILAR
PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John George Cameron at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th May 1880.
JOHN GEORGE CAMERON, of the Town and County of Kingston upon Hull,
Engineer, "IMPROVEMENTS IN COVERING STEAM BOILERS OR OTHER VESSELS SO AS
TO PREVENT RADIATION OF HEAT, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO
OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES."
My Invention relates to a system of iron bosses and bars which when fitted
together interlock in such a manner as to admit of their being very quickly built
around a boiler or other vessel of circular form, and forming when so built a species
of panelled net work which shall be self supporting without drilling holes into the
vessel. The inside of the panels form cells for the reception and safe retention of
asbestos, cloth, or wire gauze envelopes filled with a good nen conductor, which
envelopes may at any time be taken out separately to enable the boiler or vessel to
be examined and painted without in the slightest degree disturbing any of the rest
of the covering. Each separate envelope is covered by an independent sheet of
metal held by screws.
In order to secure elasticity of the system of network when the boiler or vessel
is expanded by heat I propose to use springs inserted in parts of the system of net
work.
By the use of my Invention the following advantages are obtained :-
1st. A cylindrical boiler or vessel may be covered all round without making a
single hole in the vessel

page_text: 2nd. The covering may be removed in section, a panel at a time, and so as to
admit of the surface of the boilers or vessel being cleaned, and the covering may
then be at once replaced with facility.
3rd. Any accidental damage, either by mechanical injury or by water penetrating
the covering, as frequently occurs at sea with marine boilers, can be at once repaired,
owing to the fact that the non conductor is applied in envelopes, which saves
pulverization of the non conductor, and that the panels offer facilities for very
ready access to the injured part.
The system of panelled net work and envelopes containing the iron conducting
substance may be employed in combination, or the panelled network system or the
envelope system may be used separately, according to circumstances.
The Invention is also applicable to the prevention of heat, cold, or damp
penetrating partitions, decks, bulkheads, walls, doors, and the like.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John George Cameron in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
1st November 1880.
JOHN GEORGE CAMERON, of the Town and County of Kingston upon Hull,
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN COVERING STEAM BOILERS OR OTHER VESSELS SO AS
TO PREVENT RADIATION OF HEAT, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO
OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES."
My said Invention relates to a system of iron bosses (or their equivalents) and
bars which when fitted together interlock in such a manner as to admit of their
being very quickly built around a boiler or other vessel of circular shape, and
forming when so built a species of net or skeleton frame work which is self
supporting without drilling holes in the vessel. The inside of the frames forms cells
for the reception and safe retention of asbestos, cloth, or wire gauze envelopes filled
with a good nonconductor, which envelopes constitute with the frames a species of
panelling, and may at any time be taken out separately to enable the boiler or
vessel to be examined and painted without in the slightest degree disturbing any
of the net or skeleton frame work of the covering. Each separate envelope may
be covered by an independent sheet of metal held by screws, or each sheet of metal
may be made of sufficient size to cover two or more envelopes. The nonconducting
material may be applied in bulk, that is to say, without the envelopes, if desired.
By the use of my said Invention the following advantages are obtained,
videlicet:-
First. A cylindrical boiler or vessel may be covered all round without making a
single hole in the vessel.
Second. The covering may be moved in sections, a panel at a time, and so as to
admit of the surface of the boiler or vessel being cleaned, and the covering may then
be at once replaced with facility.
Third. Any accidental damage, either by mechanical injury or by water
penetrating the covering, as frequently occurs at sea with marine boilers, can be at
once repaired, owing to the fact that the nonconductor is so applied as to prevent
its pulverization, and that the frames offer facilities for very ready access to the
injured part.
The systems of net or skeleton frame work, and of envelopes, or panels containing
or composed of nonconducting substance may either be employed in combination,
as hereinbefore described, or the net or skeleton frame work system may be used
separately from the envelope or panel system, the external sheet metal covering
however still being employed.
The Invention is also applicable for preventing the penetration of heat, cold, or
damp through partitions, decks, bulkheads, walls, doors, and the like.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall refer to the
several Figures on the annexed Sheets of Drawings, the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the Figures.
The several Figures on Sheet 1 of the accompanying Drawings illustrate the
application of my said Invention to steam boilers or similar vessels.
Figure 1 (Sheet 1) represents an end elevation of a steam boiler (for example)
having my said Invention applied thereto according to one mode of carrying out
the samé Figure 2 is a side elevation corresponding to Figure 1; and Figures 3.
and 4 are respectively a detail elevation and section of a portion of the boiler
covering drawn to a larger scale; Figures 5; 6, 7, and 8 are similar views to
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, illustrating another mode of carrying out my said Invention ;
Figure 9 is a side elevation, and Figures 10 and 11 are enlarged details illustrating

page_text: another modification; Figure 12 is a side elevation illustrating a further
modification.
The several Figures on Sheet 2 of the accompanying Drawings illustrate the
application of my said Invention to screens or partitions, temporary buildings, and
other like purposes.
Figures 13 and 14 (Sheet 2) are respectively a side elevation and vertical section
of a screen or partition constructed according to my said Invention; Figure 15 is
a vertical section, showing a slight modification in the details of the arrangement
illustrated in Figures 13 and 14; Figures 16 and 17 are respectively a side
elevation and vertical section of the wall of a temporary building constructed
according to my said Invention.
In several of the Figures on both Sheets of Drawings the outer portions of the
covering are represented as broken away or removed, in order to render certain of
the inner or rear portions visible.
Referring to Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, I cover the periphery of the boiler or similar
vessel A with a net work or skeleton frame work B consisting of cruciform bosses a,
to which are secured two series of bars marked respectively b, b', the former b being
arranged in the direction of the circumference of the boiler, whilst the bars 6¹ are
arranged in the longitudinal direction of the boiler. Each boss a carries a screw c,
the inner extremity of which bears against the outer surface of the boiler, whereby
the net work or skeleton frame work is maintained at a short distance from the
boiler, and the net work or skeleton frame work is by preference continued round
for about two thirds only of the circumference of the boiler, the lowermost bars
being connected together by a wire interlacing d. This net work or skeleton frame
work may be very quickly built round a boiler or vessel of circular shape, it is
self supporting, and therefore the necessity is obviated for drilling holes in such
boiler or vessel for its attachment; when so built round the frames form cells for
the reception and safe retention of asbestos cloth or wire guaze envelopes filled
with a good non conductor. In my Drawings I have shown some of the cells filled
with such envelopes and material, the same being marked C. The frames with the
envelopes and their contents form a species of panelling, the envelopes being all
separate and independent of each other, so that any one or more may be taken out
to enable the boiler or vessel to be examined and painted without in the slightest
degree disturbing any of the net or skeleton frame work. The envelopes and the
whole structure may be covered with an outer casing e of sheet metal attached to
the bosses a by screws c. Each sheet of the outer casing may be arranged so as to
cover only a single envelope, or (as shewn in the example illustrated) each sheet
may be made of sufficient length to cover two or more of the said envelopes.
desired, the envelopes may be dispensed with, the nonconducting material being
introduced into the cells in bulk.
If
In some cases also the nonconducting material may be entirely dispensed with
the net or skeleton frame work B, and the outer covering e only being employed.
In this case the space between the outer covering and the boiler or vessel forms a
species of air jacket round the boiler, which takes the place of the nonconducting
.material.
Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8, illustrate an example of the application of my said
Invention to a boiler according to the modification last referred to. In this case
the screws c with their nuts c serve as an equivalent for the bosses a (shewn in
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4), the two intersecting sets of bars b, b1, being connected
together by the said screws and nuts. The outer casing e is also attached to the
net or skeleton frame work B by the same means. The circumferential bars b are
shewn continued around the boiler in the form of hoops, as shewn at d¹, but if
preferred, the connection may be made by a wire interlacing in the manner herein-
before described with reference to Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4. In the present example
a net or skeleton frame work B₁ is shewn applied to the end of the boiler in
addition to the one B applied to the periphery; this net or skeleton frame work B¹
consists of two sets of intersecting bars 62, 63, connected together by screws c² and

page_text: nuts c³, and is covered with an outer casing e', the arrangement being similar to
that of the net or skeleton frame work B, and its covering applied to the periphery
of the boiler.
According to the modification illustrated in Figures 9, 10, and 11, as applied to
the periphery of a boiler, the longitudinal bars 61 are dispensed with, the frame
work B being however otherwise constructed in substantially a similar manner to
the net or skeleton frame work shewn in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4. In this case also
envelopes or panels containing or composed of non-conducting material may be
employed if required, and the outer casing e may, if desired, be corrugated as shewn
in Figures 9 and 11.
Figure 12 illustrates a further modification in which the skeleton frame work B
is composed of a number of series of frames or boxes b bolted together and placed
round the greater portion of the circumference of the boiler, the connection being
completed by a wire interlacing d as shewn. The boxes b' are filled with non-
conducting cement inserted in a plastic condition, holes being drilled in the frames
through which wires may be interlaced, or the whole may be covered with wire
netting laced on afterwards.
By means of my said Invention a boiler or other cylindrical vessel may be
covered with the greatest facility, the covering being entirely self supporting and
requiring no bolt holes in the vessel for its attachment, and in the case of repairs
at the outer surface of the boiler, each integral portion or section of the covering
may be removed separately, and be readily restored to its place when the repairs
have been effected.
The Invention is also applicable to heat screens for protecting coal bunkers from
firing, for protecting cabins and decks on board steamers, protecting the faces of
stokers and other persons who are required to stand before hot furnaces or masses
of hot iron or other heated substances; it is also applicable to the construction of
temporary iron buildings, such for example as hospitals, huts, summer houses, and
like structures, and generally for preventing the penetration of heat, cold, or damp,
through partitions, decks, bulk heads, walls, doors, and the like. These applications
of the Invention are illustrated in the several Figures on Sheet 2 of the Drawings,
its adaptation to the construction of screens or partitions and temporary buildings
being taken as examples.
Figures 13 and 14 represent a heat screen, in the construction of which I employ
a net or skeleton frame work consisting of bosses a and intersecting bars b, b¹,
connected together; the cells formed by the said net or skeleton frame work being
filled with envelopes or panels containing or composed of non-conducting material Č
covered on both sides with an outer casing e.
This casing may either consist of plain metal sheets, as shewn in Figures 13 and
14, or of corrugated metal sheets, as shewn in Figure 15.
Figures 16 and 17 represent a portion of a temporary building constructed
according to my said Invention, in which the vertical bars b are made of a somewhat
different section to that adopted in the arrangements herein before described, and
the mode of connecting the bars together is also slightly modified in a manner
which will be readily understood from an inspection of the Drawings without
further explanation. The vertical bars are in the present example extended at
their lower end, and made of a pointed shape, so as to be capable of being driven
into the ground, the walls of the temporary structure being thus made self
supporting.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original,
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the hereinbefore in part
recited Letters Patent is,-
First. The employment of a net or skeleton frame work in combination with
envelopes or panels containing or composed of non-conducting material inserted in

page_text: the cells or interstices of such net or skeleton frame work, substantially as and for
the purposes hereinbefore described.
Second. The employment of a net or skeleton frame work in combination with a
surface covering, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
Third. The combination of a net or skeleton, frame work, envelopes or panels
containing or composed of non-conducting material, and a surface covering,
substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John George Cameron, have to this my
Specification set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of October, One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
J. G. CAMERON. (L.S.)