Improvements in Apparatus for Raising the "Nap" on Cotton, Wool, Silk, and other Fabrics.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 27th June, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 27th Mar., 1897-Accepted, 1st May, 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Raising the "Nap" on Cotton,
Wool, Silk, and other Fabrics.
I, ROBERT SELLERS, of the Firm of Joseph Sellers and Son, of Prospect
Mills, Scholes, Cleckheaton, in the County of York, Card Clothing Manufacturers,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
nap
"
This invention relates to certain improvements in apparatus for raising the
on cotton, wool, silk, and other fabrics, and has for its object, the arrange-
ment of the apparatus in such a manner that, the fabric to be treated is exposed to
a larger surface of card face, with a corresponding increase in production, than is
the case with machines as hitherto constructed.
I accomplish my object in the following manner. In a suitable frame placed
vertically or horizontally I mount a number of boards of any suitable width, the
faces of which may be flat or of a slightly convex form, which are covered.with
suitable card clothing, and impart thereto by means of tappets, eccentrics or other
suitable mechanical means a quick reciprocating motion, such motion may be
imparted to the said boards conjointly or separately. In front of the said boards
I mount a number of guide rollers, which, if desired, may be covered with card
clothing, and drive same at the required speeds by means of suitable gearing,
between the said rollers and .in any convenient position I mount a number of
tension rollers in order to prevent the fabric being carried forward by means of the
reciprocating "nap" raising surfaces. The fabric to be treated is passed into the
machine in close contact with the before mentioned reciprocated card clothed
boards, and passed round the various guide and tension rollers, whereby the cards
on the "napping" boards engage with the material and produce a "nap
on same.
It will be easily understood, that if the card clothing is secured on the various
before mentioned boards with the teeth inclined in the direction to that in which
the fabric is travelling through the machine, the "nap" produced on the fabric
will have a tendency to lay in that direction, but by securing some of the cards on
the boards with the teeth inclined in an opposite direction to that in which the
fabric is travelling, the apparatus will act and have the same effect upon the fabric
what is known as a pile and counter pile machine.
as
By my invention I am enabled to raise the "nap" on a fabric with considerably
less number of runs through the machine, to give the fabric a good bottom finish
and without "drawing in" or damaging the fabric and consequently "drawing
the pattern. I take no "flock" or material from the fabric, consequently the cards
do not require cleaning, the life of the card is increased and I am enabled to finish
light and heavy goods with the same cards.
T
1000
JOHN WAUGH,
Agent.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Raising the "Nap" on Cotton,
Wool, Silk, and other Fabrics.
I, ROBERT SELLERS, of the Firm of Joseph Sellers and Son, of Prospect
Mills, Scholes, Cleckheaton, in the County of York, Card Clothing Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to certain improvements in apparatus for raising the
"nap" on cotton, wool, silk and other fabrics, and has for its object, the arrange-
ment and combination of the operative parts of the apparatus in such a manner
that, the fabric to be treated is exposed to a larger surface of the nap raising card
face so arranged and operated that, a corresponding increase in the production or
output of the machine is obtained; also to so construct the apparatus that, the
necessary amount of pressure between the fabric and "nap" raising cards to suit.
the class of fabric under operation, is more readily and effectually obtained, than
is the case with machines as hitherto constructed.
In order that the said invention may be well understood, there is annexed hereto
drawings illustrative thereof, and the same will be referred to in the following
description by letters and figures, like letters and figures referring to similar parts
where they appear.
Fig. 1 represents a sectional elevation of a machine constructed according to my
invention.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of one side of the machine.
Fig. 3 is a sectional plan.
Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are enlarged detached details, and
Fig. 7 a detached detail showing a modified arrangement for altering the length
of stroke of the "nap" raising cards.
The frames A. of the apparatus are each formned with a groove B. on the inner
side, prepared for receiving the reciprocating slide bars C. for supporting the card
covered boards D. the faces of which may be flat as shown, or slightly convexed,
and are covered with card clothing E.
To the frames A. are attached adjustable brackets F. supporting guide rollers G.
which are covered with card clothing. Each roller G. is rotated, and this may be
accomplished by securing to the spindle H. of each roller G. a worm wheel J.
gearing with a worm K. which may be in sections as shown, or continuous
throughout the greater portion of the vertical shaft L. on which is secured a bevel
wheel M. gearing with a similar bevel wheel M' secured to the horizontal shaft N.
to which is also secured a worm wheel O. engaging with a worin P. secured to the
main shaft Q. which is suitably mounted in journals attached to the frames A. and
provided with fast and loose pullies R. and R' driven in any convenient manner.
In front of each pair of the before mentioned guide rollers G. is mounted a
tension or carrying roller S. over which the fabric X. is passed, for retaining and
preventing the fabric from being carried forward or buckled by the "nap" raising
surfaces of the boards D, the fabric being conducted and passed through the
machine in the manner as hereinafter described.
In order to impart to the boards D. the necessary reciprocating motion for
raising the "nap on the fabric X. 1 secure to the slide bars C. supporting the
boards D. straps or lugs T. in the space between which, on each side of the machine,
is inserted one end of a rocking lever U. mounted upon the respective studs U₁ as
fulcrum, the opposite end of each lever being formed with a fork V. for engaging
with a compound eccentric W. of the ordinary description and secured on the

page_text: before mentioned driving shaft Q. by the rotation of which, a quick reciprocating
motion is imparted to the slide bars C. and card covered boards D.
By adjusting the compound eccentrics W. the length of the stroke imparted to
the card covered boards D. may be regulated, this may also be obtained by
ordinary eccentrics W such as shown by Fig. 7, and arranging the levers U. with
holes Us, corresponding holes being formed in the frames A. so that the position of
the fulcrum pin may be altered and thereby the length of the stroke adjusted to
suit the fabric.
The fabric X. is fed to the machine in the direction of the arrow 1. passing over
two or more carrying rollers Y. then under the top tension roller S. to the two top
guide rollers G. in front of the top reciprocating card covered board D, then the
fabric in its course passes around another tension roller S. to a second pair of guide
rollers G. in front of another reciprocating hoard D. the card covered surface of
which acts upon the face of the fabric for raising the "nap." The fabric X.
continuing its course forward passes over the various rollers S. and G. G. of the
machine, thereby presenting the surface of the fabric to the action of the
reciprocating cards or boards D. each time it passes over a pair of rollers G. and
on arriving at the bottom roller G. the fabric is conducted over guide rollers in
the direction of arrows 2. to an ordinary oscillating cutler Z. the frame of
which is provided with a slot hole 1. engaging with a pin 2. secured to disc
plate 3. which is rotated through intermediary gearing 4. driven in any convenient.
manner.
The card covered boards D. rest between the supports or stops secured to the
reciprocating slide bars C. and are held in position at each end by means of a
movable cover plate 5. mounted on a stud 6. so that on liherating one end of the
said cover plate, it can be moved in the direction of the curved arrow until clear
of the board, which can then be readily removed from the machine.
As before mentioned the face of the boards D. are covered with card clothing E.
the teeth of which project towards the fabric, and may be set in the ground of the
card so as not to project at right angles but at an obtuse angle to the face of the
boards D. or the fabric X. in front thereof. When the card teeth are set in this
manner, some of the boards D. are secured to the reciprocating slide bars C. so,
that the card teeth incline towards the ground or floor line, the remainder of the
boards being secured to the said slide bars, so that the card teeth incline or project
in the opposite direction.
By these means the points of the teeth of some of the cards strike the fabric
on the downward stroke, the remainder of the cards from which the teeth
project upwards, strike the fabric on the return or upward stroke of the
reciprocating slide bars and boards, thereby when the card teeth are arranged
in this manner, they act on the fabric in a mauner known as pile and counter pile
"nap" raising.
Instead of setting the card teeth in the manner described, they may be set in
the grounds so that when secured to the boards D. they project at right angles
thereto.
The rollers G. G. and the fabric passing over the face thereof are adjusted and
moved towards or away from the boards D. as may be required by the respective
setting screws 7, and by arranging the boards D. and conducting the fabric X.
over the rollers G. G. in the manner described, a greater amount of operating or
"nap" raising surface is obtained, than is the case when revolving card covered
rollers are employed for the purpose of raising the "nap" on the fabric, which as
is well known, the points of the card teeth only come tangentially into contact
with the stretched fabric.
By conducting the fabric over the rollers G. G. mounted near to each other, and
covering the said rollers with card clothing, a straight face of the fabric is presented
to the "nap" raising cards secured to the boards D. and by the fabric being
stretched tight and passed over the card covered tension rollers S. it is held to the
width by the card covered rollers S. and G. G, thus reducing the tendency of the

page_text: reciprocating cards disturbing the structure of the fabric by reducing the width of
the same, as is the case when not secured or retained immediately on each side
of the reciprocating boards D.
A circular brush S. may be mounted in some convenient position, and driven by
a strap connection passing over pullies mounted on the driving shaft Q. and spindle
of said brush. The periphery of the brush is in contact with the raised surface of
the fabric X. and by its rotary motion, the pile or "nap" is laid in the direction
required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is,
1. In a machine for raising nap, a series of pairs of guiding rollers for the
material, a series of tension rollers one being arranged between each pair of guide
rollers, and cards with means of guiding and reciprocating the same along the cloth
as stretched between the members of each pair of guide rollers, substantially as
described.
2. In combination, the guide rollers covered with card clothing, and the
boards D. having card teeth with means for reciprocating the said card covered
boards in a direction at right angles to the axis of the guide rollers, substantially
as described.
3. In combination, a series of pairs of guide rollers having card teeth, and a
series of boards having card teeth to act upon the cloth stretched between the
members of the pairs of guide rollers, substantially as described.
4. In combination, a pair of guide rollers and a board having card teeth with
means of reciprocating it along the surface of the cloth as stretched by the pair of
rollers, substantially as described.
5. In combination, a series of pairs of guide rollers, a series of pairs of
tension rollers for the cloth, and a series of boards having card teeth to
engage the cloth as stretched by the guide and tension rollers with means for
reciprocating the card boards along the surface of the cloth, substantially as
described.
6. In combination with the guide rollers the card reciprocating over the surface
of the cloth, and a revolving brush, substantially as described.
7. In combination with the guide rollers, the standards or side frames A. having
guide ways formed, the series of boards D. carrying card teeth and means of
carrying the boards and moving in the guide ways, with levers and eccentrics for
moving the carrying means, substantially as described..
Dated this 26th day of March 1897.
JOHN WAUGH,.
Agent.