Improvements in Mantles and the like for Incandescence Gas and other Lighting.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Dec., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 12th Sept., 1899-Accepted, 12th Dec., 1899
Improvements in Mantles and the like for Incandescence Gas and
other Lighting.
I, WILHELM HEINRICH AUGUST SIEVERTS, of Waisenhaus, Hamburg, in the
Empire of Germany, Professor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:
This invention relates to mantles and the like for incandescence lighting
and particularly to the strengthening of incandescence mantles or bodies,
adapted either for incandescent gas lighting or for lighting by means of spirit
or petroleum.
This strengthening is effected in the first place where such incandescence
bodies are liable to rub against the edge of the burner and secondly at the
upper edge, more especially upon the border of the edging of net frequently
employed, and finally in the middle of the incandescence mantle or body.
It is a common experience that incandescence bodies for incandescence gas
lighting become torn upon the edge of the burner and also blackened, very
shortly after they are first used.
This appearance is explained upon consideration of the fact that the incan-
descence bodies, as soon as they are lighted become longer owing to expansion,
whilst when the flame is extinguished they contract. The incandescence body
thus moves downwards and upwards upon the ignition and extinction of the
flame respectively. As, in addition to this, the incandescence body is also
drawn inwards by the flame and rubs against the burner, it soon wears away
at its lower portion.
This defect may be remedied by making the incandescence body of very
much closer fabric at the place where it is liable to come in contact with the
burner or by impregnating it with a very strong liquid at that point.
A further defect inherent in incandescent bodies as hitherto made is that
they become sharply contracted or collapse after being in use a short time.
Owing to this deformation the said body soon loses its illuminating power to
a marked extent, because the illuminating surface becomes smaller and the
incandescence body is no longer at the periphery of the flame.
This defect is attributable to the suction caused by the flame; it may be
obviated by reinforcing the incandescence body between its summit and the
crown of the burner. by means of a strengthening strip of greater or less width
parallel with the edge of the burner crown, in the manner above described.
It is also advantageous to provide a similar strengthening at the summit of
the incandescence body especially at the border of the net edging frequently
employed.
Owing to the provision of this reinforcement, the incandescence body will
withstand the suction caused by the flame, it may be held away from the edge
of the burner. This is also the case when the lower portion of the incandescence
body fits tightly around the burner, so that the rubbing and consequent wearing
and blackening at the edge is rendered completely impossible.

page_text: As, in consequence of the greater concentration of the impregnated mass,
the body is not drawn in towards its centre, it also resists the suction of the
flame at its upper portion; it thus retains its original form for it's entire
length, and consequently also maintains its full degree of luminosity. The
greater concentration of the material to be impregnated at those places where
the flame exercises its greatest effect imparts remarkable clearness to the
light. It is hardly necessary, to add that, the reinforcement or strengthening
of the incandescence body in the manner above described greatly adds to its
life.
✓
101
1
AT
1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Mantles and the like for Incandescence Gas and
other Lighting.
I, WILHELM HEINRICH AUGUST SIEVERTS, of Waisenhaus, Hamburg, in the
Empire of Germany, Professor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained.in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to mantles and the like for incandescence lighting
and particularly to the strengthening of incandescence mantles or bodies,
adapted either for incandescent gas lighting or for lighting by means of spirit
or petroleum.
This strengthening is effected in the first place where such incandescence
bodies are liable to rub against the edge of the burner and secondly at the
upper edge, more especially upon the border of the edging of net frequently
employed, and finally in the middle of the incandescence mantle or body.
It is a common experience that incandescence bodies for incandescence gas
lighting become torn upon the edge of the burner and also blackened, very
shortly after they are first used.
This appearance is explained upon consideration of the fact that the incan-
descence bodies, as soon as they are lighted become longer owing to expansion,
whilst when the flame is extinguished they contract. The incandescence body,
thus moves downwards and upwards upon the ignition and extinction of the
flame respectively. As. in addition to this, the incandescence body is also
drawn inwards by the flame and rubs against the burner, it soon wears away
at its lower portion.
This defect may he remedied by making the incandescence body of a very
much stronger or reinforced fabric at the place where it is liable to come 'in
contact with the burner, or by impregnating it with a very strong liquid at
that point.
A further defect inherent in incandescent bodies as hitherto made is that
they become sharply contracted or collapse after being in use a short time.
Owing to this deformation the said body soon loses its illuminating power to
a marked extent, because the illuminating surface becomes smaller and the
incandescence body is no longer at the periphery of the flame.
This defect is attributable to the suction caused by the flame: it may be
obviated by reinforcing the incandescence body between its summit and the
crown of the burner, by means of a strengthening strip of greater or less' width

page_text: parallel with the edge of the burner crown, in the manner above described.
It is also advantageous to provide a similar strengthening at the summit of
the incandescence body especially at the border of the net edging frequently
employed.
Owing to the provision of this reinforcement, the incandescence body will
withstand the suction caused by the flame, it may be held away from the edge
of the burner. This is also the case when the lower portion of the incandescence
body fits tightly around the burner, so that the rubbing and consequent wearing
and blackening at the edge is rendered completely impossible.
As, in consequence of the greater concentration of the impregnated mass,
the body is not drawn in towards its centre, it also resists the suction of the
flame at its upper portion; it thus retains its original form for its entire
length, and consequently also maintains its full degree of luminosity. It is
hardly necessary to add that the reinforcement or strengthening of the incan-
descence body in the manner above described greatly adds to its life.
The accompanying drawings show at
Figure 1 an incandescence-body or mantle which, at the portion between a
and b, where it comes into contact with the burner, is reinforced by meshes
of material.
Figure 2 shows a portion of an incandescent body having reinforced meshes
from c to d.
Figure 3 shows a mantle of known form which by the action of the flame
has been drawn inward and which at a is in contact with the burner-head.
Figure 4 shows a mantle constructed according to this invention and of the
form illustrated in Figure 1 but attached to a Bunsen burner.
Figure 5 shows an incandescent body constructed according to this invention
with thick mesh at its upper portion ef, at its middle portion gh and at the
portion ik nearest the burner head.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
Mantles or incandescence bodies for lighting purposes characterised by the
fact that where the incandescence body is liable to touch the edge of the burner.
and also at certain other zones, such incandescence body is formed with more
or less broad strips, of reinforced or thick meshes which are more strongly
impregnated than the other zones, for the purpose of imparting greater resis-
tance to the incandescent body against collapse and against the tearing thereof
through the downward motion while igniting, and thereby ensuring longer
life to it.
Dated this 12th day of September 1899.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45. Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.