Improvements in Gas Burners.
Year: 1895

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas Burners.
I, JOHN EBENEZER BOUSFIELD, of the Firm of G. F. Redfern & Co., The
General Patent Office, No. 4, South Street, Finsbury, in the County of London,
Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication
to me by the Actiengesellschaft für Fabrication von Bronce waaren und Zinkguss
(vorm. J. C. Spinn & Sohn) of Berlin, in the German Empire) to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in gas burners.
In incandescent gas lighting it is of the greatest importance not only to cause
the heat of the flame to acquire the necessary intensity but also that the burner,
whilst remaining of a size usual in practice, should supply the mixture of air and
gas in as large a quantity as possible for consumption so as to produce a flame of
as high power as possible. The simplest means for effecting this would be to
employ an ordinary Bunsen burner, that is to say, a burner which at its upper end
is fully open so that the mixture of air and gas passes out from the said open end
in a full stream for consumption. When, however, such a burner is used for
incandescent gas lighting the whole of the gas is not consumed and the main
advantage arising from the use of an incandescent body, that is to say saving of
gas, is partly lost. To enable the whole of the heat produced in the burner to be
fully used the mixture of air and gas streaming from the same should be conducted
to the incandescent mautle in a gauze covering. For this purpose burners having
openings arranged in a ring or rings are used, in which case the burners must be
so arranged that explosions are avoided. Wire-gauze is most frequently used for
the purpose, but has the disadvantage that its openings become in time plugged
up with dust and the like, thereby reducing the outlet for the gas; or plates with
radial slits are used, in which case although the slits do not become absolutely
plugged up yet the area of outlet becomes considerably diminished.
According to my invention I obviate the above disadvantages by providing a
large free outlet for the mixture of gas and air which cannot become plugged up
and which spreads out the flame. The manufacture of my improved burner is
simple and can be effected at a low cost.
In the accompanying drawings I have shewn in elevation partly in section three
modifications of my improved burner. The lower part of the burner may be of
any well known shape and conducts the gas and air mixture to the head of the
burner B which is formed of a small cylinder open at the top and is provided with
a cover a suitably attached to the same and acting as a flame-former.
In the modification shewn in Figure 1, the flame-former C is made curved, being
convex on the exterior, that is to say, it is composed of the straight (or spherically
shaped) cover plate a which passes into the convexly curved rim 6 provided with
slits 6. The action of the flame-former is as follows.-The mixture of air and gas
which flows freely into the head B of the burner rises into the curved perforated
portion of the cover plate a and streams through the slits & both perpendicularly
and laterally so that an enlarged flame is obtained without the employment of a
spreader.
The modification shewn in Figure 2 is practically the same as that shewn in
Figure 1 with the flame-former turned upside down, except that the tube c which

page_text: serves for the attachment of the incandescent body projects downwards the same
as in Figure 1.
In the modification shewn in Figure 3, the curved or convex portion of the
cover plate is altered to a dish-shape. The object and the action of the cover
plate a are the same as in the modifications shewn in Figures 1 and 2. The flame-
former C produces an enlarged flame, presents a free passage to the mixture of
gas and air which fills the head of the burner, cannot be stopped up, and prevents
the occurrence of explosions.
For the purpose of finely dividing the mixture of air and gas I
sieve d in the burner head as shewn in Figure 3.
Dated this 5th day of December 1895.
may provide a
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Gas Burners.
I, JOHN EBENEZER BOUSFIELD, of the Firm of G. F. Redfern & Co., The
General Patent Office, No. 4, South Street, Finsbury, in the County of London,
Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication
to me by the Actiengesellschaft für Fabrication von Bronce waaren und Zinkguss
(vorm. J. C. Spinn & Sohn) of Berlin, in the German Empire) and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement. :-
This invention relates to improvements in gas burners.
In incandescent gas lighting it is of the greatest importance not only to cause
the heat of the flame to acquire the necessary intensity but also that the burner,
whilst remaining of a size usual in practice, should supply the mixture of air and
gas in as large a quantity as possible for consumption so as to produce a flame of
as high power as possible. The simplest means for effecting this would be to
employ an ordinary Bunsen burner, that is to say, a burner which at its upper
end is fully open so that the mixture of air and gas passes out from the said open
end in a full stream for consumption. When, however, such a burner is used for
incandescent gas lighting the whole of the gas is not consumed and the main
advantage arising from the use of an incandescent body, that is to say, saving of
gas, is partly lost. To enable the whole of the heat produced in the burner to be
fully used the mixture of air and gas streaming from the same should be conducted
to the incandescent mantle in a gauze covering. For this purpose burners having
openings arranged in a ring or rings are used, in which case the burners must be
so arranged that explosions are avoided. Wire-gauze is most frequently used for
the purpose, but has the disadvantage that its openings become in time plugged
up with dust and the like, thereby reducing the outlet for the gas; or plates with
radial slits are used, in which case although the slits do not become absolutely
plugged up yet the area of outlet becomes considerably diminished.
According to my invention I obviate the above disadvantage by providing a
large free outlet for the mixture of gas and air which cannot become plugged up
and which spreads out the flame. The manufacture of my improved burner is
simple and can be effected at a low cost.
To enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe it by reference to
the accompanying drawings, in which:-
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a burner constructed according to my
invention:

page_text: Figures 2, 3 and 4 are similar views of modifications:
Figures 5 and 6 are sectional elevations of my improved burner provided with
a mantle and a bye pass.
Similar letters of reference indicate similar or corresponding parts in the several
figures.
The lower part of the burner may be of any well known shape and conducts the
gas and air mixture to the head B of the burner which is formed of a small
cylinder open at the top and is provided with a cover a suitably attached to the
same and acting as a flame-former.
In the modification shewn in Figure 1, the flame-former C is made curved, being
convex on the exterior, that is to say, it is composed of the straight (or spherically
shaped) cover plate a which passes into the convexly curved rim 6 provided with
slits. The action of the flame-former is as follows.-The mixture of air and
gas which flows freely into the head B of the burner rises into the curved
perforated portion of the cover plate a and streams through the slits b¹ both
perpendicularly and laterally so that an enlarged flame is obtained without the
employment of a spreader.
The modification shewn in Figure 2 is practically the same as that shewn in
Figure with the flame-former turned upside down, except that the socket c
which serves for the attachment of the incandescent body projects downwards the
same as in Figure 1.
When the burner is constructed as shewn in Figures 1 and 2 the cover a being
of metal the heat of the flame is conducted downwards to the head of the burner
which is a disadvantage. I therefore find it advantageous in some cases to form
the said cover as shewn in Figures 3 and 4, that is to say, it is continued to form.
the cylindrical part D which is either inserted into the burner head B, as shewn
in Figure 3, or passed over the same, as shewn in Figure 4.
In order to prevent
the metal cylinder D and head B from coming into contact with one another,
whereby the heat would be conducted from the highly heated cover to the head of
the burner I provide an insulating layer d of asbestos or other suitable material
between the said cylinders so that the said surfaces do not come in contact with
one another, whilst the space left between them is rendered gas tight by the said
insulating layer d.
In Figures 5 and 6 my improved burner is shewn in combination with a bye
pass. e is the tube of the bye pass for conducting the gas to the outside of the
mantle, the said tube being in connection with a passage f which communicates
with the tap or cock g. h is a screwed pin by means of which the amount of gas
which flows into the passage f from the gas supply pipe can be regulated. The
passage of the gas into the bye pass is controlled in the usual manner, that is to say,
when the cock is turned so as to allow gas to pass through the burner to the mantle
it is cut off from the bye pass as shewn in Figure 6, but when the plug of the cock
is turned so as to cut off the passage of the gas to the burner it brings the passage i
in the surface of the said plug into such a position that gas can flow through the
said passage i into the bye pass, as shewn in Figure 5.
For the purpose of finely dividing the mixture of air and gas I may provide a
gauze partition or sieve in the burner head.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A gas burner the head of which is closed by means of a cover having a convex
or concave portion provided with slits, substantially as described.
2. In gas burners of the kind described in Claim 1 passing the cover of the
burner over or into the end of the head of the burner and filling the space left
between the cover and the burner head with an insulating material substantially
as, and for the purpose, hereinbefore described.

page_text: 3. The improved burners for incandescent gas lighting hereinbefore described
and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 and 6 respectively.
Dated the 7th day of February 1896.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.