IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO TWIST LACE MACHINES
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Benjamin Hallatt, Foreman Fitter, and Edward Mason,
Draughtsman, both employed by the Firm of Benjamin Walker and Company,
of Old Lenton, in the County of Nottingham, Lace Manufacturers, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO
TWIST LACE MACHINES."
Sealed the 18th May 1877, and dated the 11th December 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Benjamin Hallatt and Edward
Mason at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th December
1876.
BENJAMIN HALLATT, Foreman Fitter, and EDWARD MASON, Draughtsman, both
employed by the Firm of Benjamin Walker and Company, of Old Lenton, in the
County of Nottingham, Lace Manufacturers. IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND
61
APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO TWIST LACE MACHINES."
In carrying out our first improvement we employ jacks supported in a sley or
sleys at the back of the machine; these jacks are selected by a jacquard or
equivalent apparatus, while the carriages employed in the machine are at the back
of the front and back warp and spool threads; the selected jacks are placed between
the back warp or spool threads by a jack locker bar, the back and front warp or
spool thread bar or bars are then traversed by suitable wheels, and the carriages are
then passed through the whole of the threads to the front of the machine, and while
there the front warp or spool thread bar or bars are traversed, and the jacks are
again selected previous to being placed between the front warp or spool threads;
the frout warp or spool thread bar or bars are again traversed previous to the
threads they carry being traversed by the jacks operated by the traverse of the
jack bar, after which the carriages are passed to the back of the machine, the jacks
passing clear of the whole of threads at the same time as the carriages.
The requisite movements of the several parts are obtained by suitable wheels
and cams, the rest of the machine being of the usual construction.
Our second improvement consists of a drum placed above the work beam of the
machine; this drum carries a steel bar which passes over pulleys at each end of the
machine, so as to enable the bar to be traversed to and fro below the carriages;
the bar is provided with an eye or eyes, through each of which is passed a thread
rn 631

page_text: supplied from a spool, such thread or threads are traversed the whole or portion of
the length of the machine by the alternately reversed revolution of the drum, which
may be effected by a cam and a train of toothed wheels or equivalent apparatus;
the traversed thread or threads are placed above the points of the machine by lifters
carried by a bar operated by a cam movement.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Benjamin Hallatt and Edward Mason in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 5th June 1877.
BENJAMIN HALLATT, Foreman Fitter, and EDWARD MASON, Draughtsman, both
employed by the Firm of Benjamin Walker and Company, of Old Lenton, in the
County of Nottingham, Lace Manufacturers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND
APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO TWIST LACE MACHINES."
In carrying out our first improvement we employ jacks supported in a sley or
sleys, at the back of the machine; these jacks are selected by a jacquard or
equivalent apparatus, while the carriages employed in the machine are at the back
of the front and back warp and spool threads; the selected jacks are placed between
the back warp or spool threads by a jack locker bar, the back and front warp or
spool thread bar or bars are then traversed by suitable wheels, and the carriages are
then passed through the whole of the threads to the front of the machine, and while
there the front warps or spool thread bar or bars are traversed, and the jacks are
again selected previous to being placed between the front warp or spool threads;
the front warp or spool thread bar or bars are again traversed previous to the
threads they carry being traversed by the jacks operated by the traverse of the
jack bar, after which the carriages are passed to the back of the machine, the jacks
passing clear of the whole of the threads at the same time as the carriages.
The requisite movements of the several parts are obtained by suitable wheels and
cams, the rest of the machine being of the usual construction.
Our second improvement consists of a drum placed above the work beam of the
machine; this drum carries a steel bar which passes over pulleys at each end of the
machine, so as to enable the bar to be traversed to and fro below the carriages;
the bar is provided with an eye or eyes, through each of which is passed a thread
supplied from a spool; such thread or threads are traversed the whole or portion of
the length of the machine by the alternately reversed revolution of the drum, which
may be effected by a cam and a train of toothed wheels or equivalent apparatus ;
the traversed thread or threads are placed above the points of the machine by lifters
carried by a bar operated by a cam movement.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 represents a sectional view of our improved machinery and apparatus
applied to a twist lace machine.
Figure 1 and Figure 1B shew two separate arrangements of warp and spool
threads.
Figure 2 is a front view showing portions of the jack sleys, jacks, and warp and
spool bars.
Figures 3 to 14 inclusive are separate portions of the machinery and apparatus
more particularly referred to hereafter.

page_text: carry the thread guide bars in the usual way, the requisite traverse of the jack bar
being obtained by a jack bar cam, shewn in side view at Figure 11. The lower
part of the jacks are supported by and slide in a sley C at their front end and a
sley D at their back end, both sleys being fixed to the framing of the machine, so
that they cannot move laterally. The jacks we select by means of two double
action jacquards, employing one for the warp threads and the other for the spool
threads, or one double action jacquard for the warps, and a single action for the
spool threads; or we may employ two single action jacquards, one or both working
back and front. The jacks which are left down after the selection is made are.
placed either between the back warp or spool threads, or through the whole of the
threads to the front of the machine by jack locker bars, which are combined and
operate in a different manner to those heretofore employed. There are three locker
bars; the front one E and the back one E are each provided with an arın and are
connected by a link F in the usual way, but instead of having one movement
forward and another backward, they are operated by suitable cams to make two or
more throws forward and one backward, in addition to which there is another
locker bar E3, shewn in Figure 1, placed above the front and back locker bars, but
it may be reversed, and have its driving blade made somewhat longer and be placed
below the front and back locker bars; whichever arrangement of the threads
hereafter described are employed is operated by the cam shewn in side view at
Figure 14.
The combined movements of the three locker bars are as follows:-The bottom
locker enters the jacks which are left down after the first selection in the back warp
threads with half its throw; then a second selection is made, and the top locker
presses the jacks which are left down past the lower locker, when they fall down
and are entered through the front warps by the other half throw of the bottom
locker. At Figures 1, 1, 13, 12 and 13, the warp threads are distinguished by the
letter W, the spool threads by the letter S, and the carriage bobbin thread where
shewn by the letter F.
The combined movement of the warp spool and carriage threads in the arrange-
ment first described are as follows:-While the carriages employed in the machine
are at the back of the front and back warp spool threads, as shewn at Figures 1
and 12, a selection having been made by the jacquard, the jacks left down are
placed between the back warp or spool threads by the locker bar, as shewn at
Figure 13, the back and front warp or spool thread bar or bars are then traversed
by suitable wheels, and the carriages are then passed through the whole of the
threads to the front of the machine, as shewn at Figure 13, and while there the
front warp or spool thread bar or bars are traversed and the jacks are again
selected, previous to being placed between the front warp or spool threads, as shewn
at Figure 1, and by the dotted lines at Figure 13; the front warp or spool thread
bar or bars are again traversed previous to the threads they carry being traversed
by the jacks operated by the traverse of the jack bar B, after which the carriages
are passed through the threads to the back of the machine, the jacks passing clear
of the whole of the threads at the same time as the carriages.
Instead of the arrangements of threads hereafter described we may employ two
bars, each carrying a full set of guides, one for the spool threads, and one for the
warp threads; but in our second arrangement, shewn at Figure 1, we employ two
bars at the back of the centre of the machine, each carrying a half set of warp
threads and a like pair in front with one bar in the centre or between them carrying
a full set of spool threads. In such case the combined movements of the threads
will be as follows:-After the jacks have been selected for the first motion, front or
back, the jacks left down are brought forward into the back warp or spool threads,
as shewn at Figure 13, after which the bars which carry them are traversed one or
more gates to the right or left, the jacks are again selected and brought into the
middle warp or spool threads, after which the bar or bars which carry them are
traversed one or more gates to the right or left, according to the cut of the wheel
operating them; the carriages are then passed through the threads from back to

page_text: front or front to back, and the jacks are drawn out clear of all the threads, the first
motion of the machine being completed. The jacks are again brought forward with
the last or a fresh selection of the jacquard into the middle warp or spool threads,
the bar or bars which carry them are then traversed, the jacks are again selected
and brought into the front warp or spool threads, the bar or bars which carry them
are traversed one or more gates right or left, the carriages repass throughout the
threads to their first position, the jacks are, again drawn back clear of all the threads
and the second motion is completed. The half sets of warp guides in the front and
back bars we sometimes prefer to supply from spools instead of from warp beams.
In the above arrangement the movements of the thread bars are obtained by the
wheels shewn in side view at Figures 3 to 5 inclusive, the wheels 3. and 4 operating
the two warp bars at the back, and the wheels 5 and 6, the warp bars at the front,
counting front back to front, the wheel operating the full set spool bar in the
centre, the jack bar B being operated by the wheel, shewn in side view at Figure 11,
the additional locker bar E3 by the cam shewn at Figure 14, and the front and back
locker bars by the cam,, shewn at Figure 8.
With the combination of parts, operating as above described, we can. produce a
greater variety of work by crossing the threads from the right to the left-hand
pillar without having to cross the threads from the left to the right-hand pillar.
In our third arrangement of threads, shewn at Figure 14, with the spool bar in
the back and the four half warp bars in the front, the combined movements of the
threads will be as follows:-After the jacquard has selected for the first motion
back or front, the jacks left down are brought forward into the back spool or warp
threads, the bars which carry them are traversed, the jacks are again selected, those
left down are brought into the middle warp or spool threads, the bars which carry
them are traversed to the right or left, according to the cut of wheels operating
them, the carriages are then passed through the threads from back to front or front
to back, and the jacks are drawn back clear of all the threads, which completes the
first motion. The jacks are again brought forward into the back spool or warp
threads with the same selection as the last in the same threads, or a fresh selection
may be made; the back spool or warp bars are traversed, the jacks are again
selected, and those left down brought into the front warp or spool threads; the bars
which carry them are traversed, the carriages are repassed through the threads to
their first position, the jacks are drawn back clear of all the threads, the second
motion being complete. In this arrangement the warp bars are operated by the
wheels 3 to 6 inclusive, the spool bar by the wheel 7, the jack bar by the wheel,
Figure 11, the additional locker bar by the cam, Figure 14, and the front and back
locker bars by the cam, shewn at Figure 9.
In our fourth arrangement of threads, shewn at Figure 1B, with the spool bar in
the front and the four half warp bars at the back, the combined movements of the
threads will be as follows:-After the jacquard has selected for the first motion
front or back, the jaws left down are brought forward into the back warp or spool
threads, the bars which carry them are traversed, the jacks are again selected, those
left down are brought into the front warp or spool threads instead of the middle
warp or spool threads, as before described, the front warp bars are then traversed,
the carriages are passed through the threads from back to front or front to back,
and the jacks being drawn back clear of all the threads the first motion is com-.
pleted. The jacks are again selected, those left down are brought forward into the
middle warp or spool threads, the bars which carry them are traversed, the jacks
are again brought into the front with the same selection as when last in front, or a
fresh selection may be made; the front bars are traversed, and the carriages repassed
through the threads to their first position, the jacks are drawn back clear of all the
threads and the second motion is completed. In this arrangement the warp bars,
spool bar, and jack bar are operated by the same wheels, as before described, the
additional locker bar by the cam, Figure 14, and the front and back locker bars by
the cam shewn at Figure 10.
In Figure 1 the front and back locker bars are shewn in the position they occupy

page_text: when they have placed the jacks in the front; when they are quite back their
position is shewn by the dotted lines E, E, and after the additional locker bar E³
has moved into the position shewn by the dotted lines E to place the jacks As
that are left down after a selection in front of the back locker bar, when it has
made the first half throw forward, the jacks occupy the position shewn by A² resting
upon the top of the locker bar, as shewn by the dotted lines F³, the selected jacks A₁
being held clear of both locker bars.
The improvements above described of working with one single full set of jacks,
that is to say, with one. single tier of jacks with one jack to each carriage, the
said jacks entering the threads from the back of the machine, by employing No. 1
and No. 2 jacks for No. 1 wale, and Nos. 3 and 4 jacks for No. 3 wale, and so on
for the odd numbers of wales for the back inotion, and No. 2 and 3 jacks, and so on
for the front motion, or by traversing the jack bar on the said front motion so that
the No. 1 and 2 jacks take the position of No. 2 and 3 jacks operating the even
number of wales we are able to produce a greater variety of effects in twist lace
machines by the improved method of working a single tier of jacks by the successive
movements of two or more jack lockers in combination with suitable selections
made by a jacquard or jacquards.
In witness whereof, we, the said Benjamin Hallatt and Edward Mason, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Fifth day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
Witness,
H. W. GOUGH, C.E.,
Nottingham.
BENJAMIN HALLATT. (L.S.)
EDWARD MASON..
(L.S.)