of Brushes and the like.
Year: 1886

page_text: of Brushes and the like.
We, FREDERICK JOHN PAGE and CHARLES FOUNTAIN PAGE trading as S. D. Page
and Sons of Norwich, Merchants and Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
In this provisional specification reference letters are used to indicate the various
parts and simplify the description although no drawings are filed as it would be
impossible to properly describe such a machine as this without some such aid. Con-
siderable minuteness of description is also employed to render the construction and
operation intelligible but it must be understood that we do not tie ourselves down to
the exact details thus minutely specified but reserve to ourselves the right to make all
such reasonable modifications as experience may suggest.
This invention refers to broom and brush making machines in which the tufts of
fibre or bristles are fixed by anchors stamped out of metal plates or strips.
The operator stands in front of the machine on the side of the pedal M and holds in
his hands the back of the brush which is to be mounted and is ready pierced.
The parcel of bristles or fibre are placed into their proper receptacle where they are
divided successively into layers of convenient thickness by the aid of the trident F².
These layers are drawn into a bent groove at the end of which the tuft is formed
and placed at once into the axis of the inserter Q. While the tuft is being formed
and placed into the axis of the inserter the metal strip passes into the stamp and thus
pushes the previously stamped out anchor into the axis of the inserter. As soon as
the tuft and the anchor are in this position the operator fits the end of the inserter into
one of the holes in the back of the brush which he holds in his hands. An adjustable
plate places itself then behind the back of the brush and prevents it from moving
until after the tuft is fixed.

page_text: inserter then still advancing pushes the tuft with the anchor to the very end of the
hole which is fitted on the inserter and then because of its triangular point it forces
the sides of the anchor asunder which fix themselves in the walls of the hole and thus
firmly hold the tuft. The tuft is now fixed, a new anchor stamped out and the inserter
blade P and the abutting piece Z will move back, the operator now disengages the
fixed tuft from the inserter and fits the next hole in the back of the brush on to
the inserter when the whole operation recommences.
The description and operation of the machine is divided into six groups to make it
clearer.
1st Group. The principal driving and engaging parts.
2nd Group. The inserter and the movements of the parts referring thereto.
3rd Group. The abutment of the back of the. brush.
4th Group. The manufacture of the anchor.
5th Group. The automatic disengaging.
6th Group. The movement of the tufts.
1st Group. The principal driving and engaging parts :-
A-principal frame fixed to the ground.
B-frame for the fibre movements fixed on the former.
C-frame of the abutting-piece for the back of the brush.
D-principal shaft, on to this shaft are fixed the cylindrical cams ², d² and d³ the
first for the holding of the metal strip the second for the feeding of the metal strip and
the third for the forming and feeding of the tuft; also the cam d which operates the
abutting of the back of the brush. On the end of the shaft D is fixed a crank button d
which moves the large lever O of the inserter blade and through this lever the
stamping mechanisin and the two movements of the comb J. Onto the shaft D is
also keyed the cone F and the driving wheel E runs also loose upon it.
E driving wheel running loose on the shaft D driven by a belt or crank.
F engaging cone carried on feathers on the shaft D and movable on it longitudinally.
G, engaging lever having two rollers running loose in a groove in the cone F.
H-driving rod of lever G forked on one end and having in its middle the stud h.
I spiral spring operating lever G.
J-shaft driving the engaging mechanisin onto which are fixed the levers K and L
K-lever fixed to shaft J and driving crank H.
L-lever fixed to shaft J and operated by the pedal M.
M-pedal to operate engaging mechanism working with its lower end in a slot
attached at the upper end to lever L and drawn up by the spiral spring m.
The fly wheel E runs loose on shaft 1) at a convenient speed. If the operator
presses the pedal M down with his foot the lever L will fall on the movement and the
lever K will push the stud on the crank H and in consequence the engaging lever G.
The cone F will be drawn towards the fly wheel E by the rollers on lever G and will
be engaged with it. The cone F will now turn the shaft D onto which it slides and
this latter will set the machine in motion in the same direction & at the same speed as
that of the fly wheel E. When the operator releases the pedal M, the pedal M and
the cone will be drawn back by the spiral springs m and I, the cone will be
disengaged from the fly-wheel E and will be pushed against the friction brake
stops ee which will stop the movement of the cone and consequently that of the
machine at once.
2nd Group. Inserter and movements of parts referring thereto.
d stud fastening the driving rod to the end of shaft D.
N driving rod attached to the lever O by an eccentric held in position by a pawl.
0-lever driving the blade P of the inserter.
P-blade of the inserter Q this blade consists of two parts soldered together the
body and the blade, the body being provided with a screw thread and screwed into
the lever O. The end of the blade is V pointed; the blade slides between the
parts 9, 9192 of the inserter Q.
{

page_text: U-Spiral spring operating lever S.
V-Shaft driving the abutment piece Z and carrying the lovers W and ✗.
W-lever driving the shaft V. ✗-flexible lever of the abutinent piece Z. Its body
which carries on its end the lever cam C' is fixed to the shaft V the flexible part
is attached to the body by the bolt which adjusts it according to the size of the tuft.
The end of the flexible part carries across it a journal provided with a female screw
thread into which is screwed the rod Y.
Y. adjustable rod joining the end of the flexible lover to the abutment piece Z.
The length is adjustable by turning the milled button at its end.
Z. abutment piece for the back of the brush. This part has a backward and
forward movement and is of a tubular and rectangular section, it carries at its front
end a small plate z which can be inclined and adjusted by a pawl. It is attached
underneath to the rod Y which gives it the movement and provided on the top with fine
ratchet teeth in which engage the pawls of the lover A' to prevent its backward movement.
A lever carrying the holding back pawls. It is held in position by the spiral
spring a¹ the strength of which is regulated according to the size of the hole to be
filled. The 3 pawls which the lever A carries engage exactly with the ratchet teeth
on Z but the teeth for each pawl stand of a tooth space back from those of its right
hand neighbour.
B-lever, disengaging at the desired moment the pawls of A' from the teeth of Z.
Ccam lever lifting the lover B' for the disengaging this part rests on the end *
of the lever X.
The lever S following with its roller under the influence of the spring U the curve
of the cam d transmits a backward and forward movement to the abutment piece Z
through T W X Y and by the forward movement the plate z will placo itself against
the back of the brush one bole of which is fitted onto the inserter Q. At the same
time the end of the lever X has followed the circular part of the cam C' and the
pawls are disengaged from the ratchet teeth of Z by lever B'. This circular part is so
constructed that when the end of the lever X is at its highest point the flexible
part is arrested by the head of the screw in the frame C. At this moment the
plate touches the back of the brush; the lever X pushed by the action of the cam d
continues to advance with its fixed part (the flexible portion being arrested by 2³) the
endæ now encounters the flattened part of the Cam the cam sinks and B' following
this movement the 3 pawls will engage in the ratchet teeth of Z. The movement now
stops until after the fixing of the tuft. The abutment piece Z can only move back
of a tooth space of the ratchet teeth under the influence of the pushing of the inserter
blade P before one of the pawls engage.
After the tuft is fixed the lever X will move backward and the abutment piece Z

page_text: will follow this movement the inserter blade also moves back at this moment, so that
the operator can now disengage the fixed tuft from the inserter fit another hole onto
the latter and recommence the operation.
4th Group. Manufacturing of the anchors.
G-spiral spring operating lever F.
H-rod for holding the metal strip and attached to the small end of the lever D'
and passing through a slot in lever K'. It holds the metal strip against the heel of
the lover K¹.
d-feeding cam.
I-lever of the cam the upper end of which forms a sector.
J-operating rod of the feeder, one end is adjustable in the slot of the sector of I¹
while the other is attached to the lever K¹
Klever of the feeding mechanism, it has a projection at its upper end, a slot in
the middle in which moves the rod H' and a pawl Q'.
L' spiral spring for K' forcing the roller of the lover I' to follow the curve of the
cam d².
M' adjustable rod receiving its movement from the lever O.
N' lever attached to rods M' and O'
O' stamping rod its upper end is forked and encloses the stamp P' and its support
the fork is closed again at its upper end by a cross piece; The head of the punches
stamp is fixed between this cross piece and a shoulder on the fork branches; in con-
sequence the punches will exactly follow the movement of the rod O'.
P-stamp with 2 punches.
The anchor is stamped out of a metal strip. This strip rolled up on a roller passes
first through a groove in a then between the projection of the lever K' and the rod H¹
and enters then the stamp P' which has two punches one of which punches the slot in
the middle of the anchor while the other punches the teeth on the side of the anchor
and fully separates it from the metal strip. The feeding of the strip must be every
time the size of the anchor and in addition the size of the waste piece between two
and is regulated by adjusting the end of the rod J' in the sector of 1'. The cam d¹
being at the desired moment with its flat part under the roller of lover D' the latter
will under the influence of spring G₁ cause the rod H' to press the metal strip against
the heel of lever K. At this moment the strip is at a standstill and the punches of
the stamp cut the anchor out, following the downstroke of the rod 01. As soon
as the anchor is stamped out the rod H will through the lever D' and the cam d¹
loosen tho metal strip.
5th Group. Automatic disengaging of the machine Q'disengaging pawl fixed to
the lever R' and reposing in a norinal state on lever K and held in this position by a
spring.
R lever carrying the pawl Q₁ and fixed on the shaft S'.
S' shaft carrying the levers R¹ and T.
T-lever fixed to the shaft S'; one end of this lever is operated by the spring
while the other carries a button engaging in a fork of the engaging rod H U U' spring
operating lever T'.
We have seen how the anchor is stamped ; but the anchors may be stamped badly
or even not stamped at all without the operator noticing it and there would be in
consequence loss of time and material. This may happen by badly adjusting the
feeding mechanism or the wearing out of the punches, of defective metal strips &c.
and will result in a partial or total standstill of the metal strip. In such a case, the
lever K with the pawl Q continuing to move under the influence of the cam ³ and
the strip together with rod H' standing still, the pawl Q will, striking against the
heel of the rod H', disengage itself and will fall because of spring U' which latter will

page_text: be litted, its heel will escape from that of lever K and instantaneous stoppage of the
machine will result under the influence of the spring I.
6th Group. Movement of the bristles or fibres.
This group is subdivided in 4 parts, 1st the placing of the parcels of bristles or
fibres in position, 2nd the separation into layers, 3rd the movement of the layers
and Ith the formation and movement of the tufts.
1st part, the placing of the parcels of bristles or fibre. V' movable plate to which
is fixed the screw threaded rod o'; the fibres are placed on to this plate end upwards.
Wadjusting nut for the rod v'.
X Upper plate provided with a piece of plate glass, which can be lifted and lowered
by the hinge in Y.
Y' hinge support for the plate X' guided by Z and adjusted by the nut y'.
Z cross piece between the guides B and traversed by Y'.
A rod screwed into frame B and supporting laterally the plate X'.
B² fixed guide for the fibres, fixed to frame B and consisting of two checks held
apart at distances by cross pieces; between the long ends moves the slide C, between
the short ones the endless chain I'.
C slide of the compressor D³, movable in the guide B by its regulating handle.
D' fibre compressor held in a slot of C, it can be drawn back into B2 to piace a
fresh parcel of fibres or bristles.
E movable guide for the fibres or bristles upheld and guided by its slots fitting on
the set studs e e'. This part E2 allows the bent groove to be regulated by the
adjusting screw of the crosspiece Z'.
The operator adjusts the plate X' according to the fibres or bristles used and places
the plate V' at a distance from the plate X' equal to the length of the bristles or fibres.
Now he pushes the slide C to the left and the compressor D' back, lifts the plate X'
and places the parcel of bristles or fibro on the plate V₁, then he replaces the com-
pressor D and the slide C and cuts the binding string of the fibre or bristle parcel
which is then ready to be divided into layers.
2nd part division into layers.
F trident consisting firstly of a central piece, the arm of which, of a rectangular
section slides in a slot of G³ and is provided with a stop to limit its stroke, secondly of
two arms, one on each side of the central part and joined the cross piece which
slides in grooves of the central part, when the parcel is to be divided these arms stand
in one line with the arm of the central part; after the division the central arm remains
in position, and the outside ones pushed back and fastened by the handle which
serves also as a stop bolt.
G slide for the trident F' held in position on the frame A by the union joint R.
H' stop for the fibres, or bristles moving in the slot of E guided by an arm and a
small slot through which passes the stud e. This stop is held against the fibre layer
by its spring and is moved back by the two exterior arms of the trident.
I endless chain provided with pin points moving between the cheeks of B², and
kept at the desired tension by two loose rollers.
When a parcel of bristles or fibres is placed into position the operator first regulates
the thickness of the layers to be divided by adjusting the slide G laterally, then the
bent groove is adjusted by the part E and the adjusting screw of Z. Now he
takes the handle into his left and the stop bolt in his right hand, lifting the latter,
and pushes the parcel of bristles or fibre against the chain I'. The groove π is now
closed by H2. The operator now withdraws the trident F, with his right hand and
forces the parcel of bristles or fibre between the points of the chain 1 with his left,
then pushing the trident F back through the fibres divides thus a layer of bristles or
fibres of the desired thickness. By drawing back now the two outer arms of the
trident the middle arm will hold the divided layer against the chain 12, the rest of the
bristles or fibres and the stop H' are moved back the stop bolt f³ is lowered, the bent
groove is open again and the layer fully divided.

page_text: ord part. Lovement or the layers.
J' comb, it moves in the slot of E' and carries two series of teeth and is fixed to
the upper part of lever K².
K' lever, fixed to the horizontal shaft L³, by its upper part it is hinged to J* and
the extremity of its horizontal part rests on the end of the rod O'; it is under the 5
influence of the spiral spring which obliges it as well as J' to follow the movement
of 0%.
L' shaft to which the lever K is fixed and giving the lever K' the movement to
disengage the comb from the layer of bristles or fibres; it is operated by the rod M².
M³ rod operating the shaft L it is fixed by one end to the lever N2, while through 1
the other end passes the shaft L².
:
N' lever operating the movement of the comb J³, its upper end is attached to M³,
its lower end is engaged between the heel and adjusting screw of P³.
O' rod resting on the top of the cam 1" which operates it and which movement it
transmits through K³ to the comb J. This movement effects the engaging or dis- 1
engaging of the comb with the layer of bristles or fibres.
P' cam, operated by the lever O and guided by p³, it imparts movement to the
lever N³, which is regulated by an adjusting screw; it is grooved on its surface to
give vertical movement to 0.
Q' stop bolt, holding the rod O' at the end of its upstroke i.e. when the teeth of
the comb are disengaged from the layer of bristles or fibres.
In its movement the cam P will first disengage the comb from the bristles or fibros
and by the scrow of P' encountering the lever N, the comb is held back in its farthest
position by the lever N' and the rod M³. When the cam P' turns and consequently
the rod O makes its downward movement oporated by the spring ² the comb will
engage with the bristle or fibre layer, and under the influence of the rod M' will drag
the bristles or fibres up to the extremity of the bent groove r until the last groove
filled with bristles or fibre compressed by the force of the spring of shaft L. At this
movement the comb rests immovable and the rod M² only compresses the spring.
The movement of the comb is regulated by the screw of P³ and the force of the
compression of the bristles or fibres by the nut of L³.
4th part. Formation and transport of the tufts.
cam for the separator, i.e. for the formation and the feeding of the tufts.
R lever of cam fixed to the rod S².
Slever operating the separator A³ attached at one end to the lever R' by an
eccentric and at the other end to the lever T'.
T lever of the separator AS attached to the rod S'; its upper end is journalled in a
slide block which slides in a slot of t³.
U rod attached to S² by an eccentric, the other end is forked and between the
arms of the fork turns the stud of the crank of v³.
V* lever of the counter separator B³, its upper end is journalled in a slide block
which slides in a slot in ; in the middle it is traversed by the axis of which
carries a small crank the stud of which rests in the fork of the rod U'; the other part
of is a spring the point of which engages with a series of fine teeth of. In turning
this piece the heads of the levers T and V₁ will approach each other.
✗slide of the separator fixed to the frame B in which slides the block t².
V slide of the counter separator, fixed to frame A in which slides the block v³.
Z guide slide for the heads of the separator and counter separator fixed on one
side to the frame B and with the other penetrating into the inserter. A little slide
block is movable on Z for regulating purposes.
A separator; it is fixed to the slide block t, it moves in the grooves of Z³ and of
the cross piece of B³. It separates and draws the extremity of the bristle or fibro
layers into the axis of the inserter into which it enters more or less according to the
adjustment of the eccentric head of R.
B³ counter separator attached to the slide block its head passes across the inserter
into the groove of Z and is split or slotted to fit on to the point of the separator A³,

page_text: The counter separator closes the open side of the bent groove after the tuft has passed
and upholds the tuft which A³ has separated and draws towards the middle of the
inserter.
spiral spring of B³.
F3 guide, to bring the bristles fibres back to the desired height.
When the layer of bristles or fibres is pressed against the extreme end of the bent
groove by the comb and the counter separator is at the end of its stroke the separator
will separate a tuft from the layer with its point and hold it against the head of B³, A³
and B³ now move together and take the tuft into the middle of the inserter. In the
back-movement A and B will move together until B stands against the bent groove
again and when it will stop, A³ will recede a little further and the comb will press the
layer down again, when the next tuft is ready for being separated. The size of the
tuft is regulated by the size of the layer separated by the pressure of the comb and by
the small regulating slide block 2³.
THE STARTING OF THE MACHINE.
The operator having selected the inserter and the anchor stamp according to the
size of the holes in the brush back as also the corresponding metal strips, he adjusts
the feeding of the strip and the movement of the stamp. Now the length of the
inserter blade is regulated as also the abutment piece and its resistance. Then the
height of the plates carrying the bristles or fibres is adjusted as also the size of the
layer and the hent groove. Then the movement of the comb is adjusted as also its
pressure. After this he selects the separator and counterseparator and adjusts their
movement. The machine is now ready for working and the operator only need lower
the pedal M to set the machine in motion.
It is of course understood that we reserve the right of modifying this machine
according to requirements and experience.

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus for inserting and Fixing the Bristles
of Brushes and the like.
A communication from abroad by JEAN VICTOR GANE, of Paris, France, Engineer.
We, FREDERICK JOHN PAGE and CHARLES FOUNTAIN PAGE trading as S. D. Page
and Sons of Norwich, Merchants and Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to machinery for inserting the bristles into the stocks of brushes
and fixing the same by means of metal "anchors."
The improvements have reference to the general construction of the machine to the
engagement and disengagement of the driving and working parts to the method of
adjusting and operating the inserter blade; the construction and method of operating
the anchor punches; to the manner in which the abutment plate is adjusted and
operated to the separation of the fibres into layers drawing the layers forwards,
dividing the same into tufts and depositing the tufts in the axis of the insertor tube
and to the mechanism for feeding the metal strip from which the anchors are formed
and for stopping the machine when the progress of the strip is obstructed.
In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a vertical section of the complete
machine the section of the abutment mechanism being taken through the line M'N'
on Figure 5 that of the principal machine being taken through the line M³ N³ on
figure 4. Figure 1ª is a detail of the abutment mechanism viewed from opposite side.
Figure 2 represents a back elevation of the abutment mechanism partially in section.
Fig. 3 is an elevation of the principal machine namely that which performs the
operations of manufacturing the anchors, separating the tufts and inserting them into
the stocks or brush boards.-This view is not taken from the operators side of the
machine but from the abutment side.
Fig. 3 detail of mechanism for adjusting the stroke of the separator and counter
separator.
Fig. 4 is a sectional plan taken through the line O¹ P1 of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a partially sectional plan of both parts of the machine. The section of
the tuft inserting part is taken through the line ¹ on Fig. 1. The abutment part is
shewn in full plan.
Fig. 6 represents detail with framework removed of apparatus for throwing the
machine into or out of gear also for effecting the automatic stoppage thereof when
the feed of the anchor metal is obstructed. As shown in this Figure the machine is
in gear.
Fig. 6 is a section of anchor feeding mechanism taken through line 1, 2, of Fig. 6
and Tim is a spation of Bame taken through the line 3.4 of Big. 6.

page_text: 4th. The parts relating to the manufacture of the anchor.
5th. The mechanism for automatically stopping the machine when the feed of the
anchor metal is obstructed.
6th. The fibre feeding mechanism.
Description of the first group comprising the principal driving and engaging parts.
A is the principal frame of the machine which is fixed to the ground. B is the
frame for the carriage of the fibres and the apparatus for feeding the same.
parts of the frame are bolted and screwed together.
The two
C Figs. 1 and 2. is the framework carrying the abutinent mechanism; this is for con-
venience constructed and mounted on woodwork separately from the principal frame.
D is the main driving shaft on which are fixed the face cams D'D' D³ and the
eccentric cam D*, the latter being formed on the periphery of the cam D³.
The cam D' serves to separate the lower nipping jaw from the upper one after each
forward movement of the strip of anchor metal the cam D gives the nipping jaws
their forward motion and also, in conjunction with D³ operates the separator and
counter separator, and D' controls the movements of the abutment mechanism.
On one end of the shaft D is a loose pulley E in which is formed a female cone and
sliding on a feather on the said shaft is the male cone F formed with a flanged collar F¹.
At Gis hinged a yoke-lever G carrying anti-friction pullies which engage between
the flanges of the cone F and to the upper end of the lever G is jointed an arm H the
forked end of which receives a pin or stud o¹ (Figs. 6 and 7) on the bell crank lever o
which forms part of the automatic disengaging mechanism hereinafter described.
On the rod H is a stop or projection h (See Figs. 3. 6 and 7). To put the machine
into operation the attendant places his foot on the treadle J which is connected with
the lever J' on the end of the shaft J*.
On the shaft J2 is also fixed a short arm J³ carrying a stop or projection ; this stop
and the stop on the rod H being in the same horizontal plane. When the treadle J
is depressed the lever J' is pulled down rotating shaft J2 which also moves arm J³,
and the stop coming in contact with the stop h forces the arm H and lever G towards
the loose driving pulley E and puts the friction cone F into gear therewith. When
it is desired to stop the machine the attendant removes his foot from the treadle J and
the spring J (see Fig. 1) raises the same and the pressure being taken off the stop h
the spring G Figs. 3. 4. 6 & 7 draws the friction cone out of gear with the pulley E the
extent to which the cone is withdrawn being limited by the adjustable buffers e. e.
B

page_text: On the inner end of the shaft D is mounted a face plate or disc D³ carrying a crank
pin & the latter being connected by a link d¹ to the lever N fulcrumed at N' which
imparts motion to the blade of the insertor and also to the dies or punches which
cut out the anchor and to the comb which feeds the tufts.
2nd Group comprising the insertor and parts relating thereto.
The insertor which is fixed in the upper end of the lever N consists of two parts,
the body P and the blade P' which are brazed or otherwise fixed together. The end
of the body is threaded and is screwed into a swivel stud in the upper and forked
end of the lever N. The blade of the insertor is formed of tempered steel and may be
either flat as shown in drawing, diamond shaped or oval in section according to the
size of the anchor or the power required to effect the insertion thereof. It works in
grooves formed in the centre of the insertor tube Q.
The insertor tube consists essentially of a piece of steel rectangular for about
two thirds of its length the remaining third being round and terminating in a conical
nozzle. It is constructed with an axial opening for the passage of the insertor and
lateral openings for the admission of the tufts of bristles the anchors and the
separators. As the construction of the insertor tube forms one of the features of this
Invention it is shewn in detail in Figs. 21 to 26 of the accompanying drawings. It
is formed in two parts gq the lower part q being connected to the framework by
means of pins entering holes 92. The two halves are fitted accurately together by
means of pins g³ and secured by a ring or sleeve 9' and set nut Q'. The opening or
passage 9 for the insertor is irregular; for the greater part of its length it is of such
section as to admit the body of the insertor which should slide freely therein. (see
Fig. 26). It is then reduced in the portion c-d so as to admit only the blade of the
insertor and terminates in an oval channel for the passage of the folded tuft as shewn
in Figs. 23 and 24. Each side of the channel is grooved throughout in order to keep
the insertor blade and the anchor in the contre. In the rectangular portion of the
channel which admits the body of the insertor the grooves as also the principal channel
are formed by cutting away the metal of the parts g and q'. The constant friction of
the insertor blade has however a tendancy to enlarge the grooves and therefore in the
front portion of the tube where the greatest accuracy is required the grooves are
formed in separate thin plates of tempered steel 9° 9° let into the lower half of the
tube and held in position by the pins 7³ a similar piece of steel 9' being inserted for
the purpose of preserving the dimensions of the flat portion of the channel shewn in
Fig. 25. As the pieces q° 9° and 97 wear away they can be renewed at a compara-
tively little expense whereas if the insertor tubo were formed in one piece the whole
would be rendered useless.
The link d¹ connecting the face plate D and lever N imparts to the latter a backward
and forward motion which is transmitted to the insertor P. In the backward motion
the blade is withdrawn sufficiently to allow one of the stamped anchors to be pushed
into the axis of the insertor tube.
As soon as the anchor is in position the insertor commences its forward motion
encounters the anchor and forces it and the tuft of bristles which has meanwhile
been deposited in the axis of the insertor through the lateral opening q* into the
previously drilled hole of the brush board or stock which the attendant holds against
the conical end of the insertor tube as shewn in Fig. 1. The travel of the insertor can
be regulated either by means of the screwed end passing through the stud / or by the
segment wheel N governing the eccentric stud N₁ whose position may be determined
by the pawl N engaging with teeth upon N* as shown in Fig. 1.
3rd Group comprising the abutment for the back of the brush and the mechanism
for operating the same. Figs. 1. 2. and 5.
The abutinent consists of a small metal plate R hinged between lugs or wings r
formed by prolonging the sides of a rectangular tube R¹. On the tail piece of the
plate R is formed a toothed segment r gearing with a toothed pawl the two being
kept in contact by a spring.
The rectangular tube is carried by the framework C being capable of sliding back-
wards and forwards therein such motion being communicated to it by means of

page_text: the cam D lever R³ connecting rod R³ attached to lever R* shaft R' and flexible
lever R®.
The flexible lever R is composed of the rigid part R to the bottom of which is
attached a flat spring R7 the upper end of which terminates in a metal fork ³ carrying
a swivel nut. To the underside of the tube R¹ is fixed a swivel collar 7. A screwed
rod having a milled head passes through this collar and through the nut in the
forked end of the Spring R thereby connecting the tube R' with the lever R* and
also to regulate the distance between the plate R and the insertor tube Q according to
the thickness of the brush-board or stock.
As shewn in the drawing the abutmont piece R is set to its backward limit that is at
its extreme distance from the insertor. If when the machine is in the position shewn
a brush board be placed close to the insertor Q and the screw 7 turned until the
abutment plate presses against the back of the said "board" the requisite adjustment
will be at once obtained.
In order to render the abutment piece more rigid during the insertion of the tuft a
ratchet plate R is fixed to the top of the tubo R with the teeth of which engage tho
teeth of the three pawls which are mounted on a stud carried by the lever R.
The pawls engage with the ratchet teeth only during the insertion of the bristles and
the necessary amount of resistance is afforded by means of a spiral spring R¹º attached
to the bottom of the lover R the strength of the spring being proportione to the
size of the hole to be filled.
The engagement and disengagement of the pawls at the right moment is effected
as follows. The ends of the pawls rest on a lever R₁ on which is formed a lateral
projection which rests on a rib formed on a lever R¹ fulcrummed on the outside of
the frame. The lever R" rests on the end of the rigid part of the lever R the upper
part of which is bent outwards (see Fig. 2). When the extreme end of the lever R
rests on that of the lever R which occurs when the abutment piece has reached the
extent of its forward motion the pawls engage with the ratchet teeth but as soon
as the return motion commences the end of the lever Re comes in contact with a cam
or incline on the underside of the lever R" thereby raising this lever and at the
same time the lever R" and the pawls thus releasing the abutment. The pawls 7
are kept out of gear during the whole of the backward and forward motion of the
abutment piece. It must be observed that the forward motion of the abutment piece
ceases as soon as the fork on the end of the spring R7 comes into contact with
the adjustable screw 710 and before the end of the lever R is cloar of the cam or
incline. The lever R however continues to move after the spring has been arrested
until it has passed the cam or incline and allowed the pawls to descend on the ratchet
teeth whilst the latter were perfectly stationary. In like manner on the return
movement the lever R will reach the cam or incline and raise the pawls re before
coming into contact with the spring R' and therefore before the abutment piece is set
in motion. To secure greater delicacy of adjustment without impairing the strength
of the parts the teeth of the pawls are arranged so as to break joint that is to say
the teeth of the second are set back a distance equal to a third of the pitch from the
first and those of the third are equally behind those of the second. As one pawl is
sufficient to resist the thrust of the insertor blade I obtain by this arrangement the
strength of a coarse rack with the accurate adjustment of a fine one. To prevent the
pawls from slipping or sticking springs ™" are attached to the boss of the lever R
the loose ends of which bear against heels or projections formed on the pawls.
4th Group. The parts relating to the manufacture of the anchors (see Figs. 6 and 7).
The anchors for fixing the tufts in the brush stocks are stamped from metal strips
the width of which is equal to the length of the anchors and the thickness in
proportion to the strength required. The metal employed for this purpose may be
either soft iron tinned iron or brass. The strip is wound on a drum or reel and
sufficient is fed to the stamping mechanism at each operation to form the anchor and
allow for the waste produced in cutting it off. It is essential that the anchor should
be the same width as the grooved channel of the insertor tube otherwise it might
escape the insertor before penetrating the wood.

page_text: On leaving the reel the metal strip passes through a tension block a (Fig. 3) thence
between the nipping jaws K and K which feed it to the stamping mechanism. The
upper jaw K consists of a projection formed on the end of the lever K' the latter being
mounted on the end of a shaft K³ (see Fig. 4). Oscillatory motion is imparted to
the lever K' by means of the cam D in the forward movement and spring on the
return the motion being communicated from the cam by means of the lever K' and
connecting rod K. The slot in the upper end of the lever K allows for variation in
the extent of motion imparted to the lever K' depending on the size of the anchor.
The lower nipping jaw K³ consists of a vertical rod rounded at its lower end and
resting in a socket formed in the short arm of the bell crank lever K and guided at
its upper end by the piece k which is rivetted or otherwise attached to the lever K'
(see detail Fig. 6).
The bell crank lever K is mounted on one end of a shaft K' (Figs. 4 and 7) on the
other end of which is mounted a lever Kч. A tensión spring K causes the lover K
to follow the face of the cam D. The latter is timed to act on the lover K and
separate the lower jaw from the upper one directly after the termination of the forward
stroke the jaws remaining open during the return stroke when they are again closed
by means of the spiral spring K³.
The anchors are stamped by two punches fixed to a block I See Fig. 7" and
entering dies or matrices formed in a block L' which is fixed to the framework
of the machine.
.
The block L is carried by the rod L³ (see Figs. 1, 3 and 7") which is forked at its
upper end, the block resting on shoulders l' formed on the branches of the fork and
being secured by means of the cross piece or cap which closes the top of the fork.
The rod L is attached at its lower end to the short arm of the bell crank lever M
(Figs. 1 and 3) which is fulcrumed on the end of the shaft M' the longer arm being
connected by the adjustable link M' with the lever N. The oscillatory motion of the
lover N is thus imparted to the lever M which transmits it in the converted form of a rising
and falling motion to the rod L. In the die block L' is formed a groove or channel 1³
the exact width of the anchor metal and leading directly to an opening of the same
size formed in the lower portion g of the insertor tube. The actual stamping of the
anchor takes places in the short interval which clapses between the termination of the
feed and the release of the metal strip by the jaw K².
5th Group. It may happen from various causes such as the wear or rupture of a
punch or matrix that the anchor may be imperfectly stamped or it may not be stamped
at all or it may be obstructed on its way to the insertor tube and so interfero with the
feed of the anchor metal without being noticed by the attendant and thereby incur loss
of time and material. This inconvenience is obviated by the use of automatic
disengaging mechanism the operation of which is illustrated in Figs. 6, 6, 6, and 7.
On the shaft O is mounted a bell crank lever o one arm of which carries a pin or
studo which plays within the forked ond of the rod H A spiral spring 02 is
attached to the other arm of the lever and to the framework. The tendency of this
spring acting on the lever o is to raise the forked end of the arin H and disengage the
stops &(as shewn in Fig. 7) This tendency is counteracted by means of the
trigger o consisting of a rod with a hook or catch O at its upper end the lower end
being connected to the lever o³ on the end of the shaft O. The upper end of the rod
catches very slightly on to the edge of the guide piece k which is fixed to the lever K¹
and is kept in position by a flat spring of mounted on the said lever. On the upper
end of the jaw K is a small projecting piece k'.
It must be observed that only the upper jaw K has a positive motion imparted to it
the lower jaw partaking of the forward motion on account of the frictional adhesion
resulting from the pressure exerted upon the anchor metal its return motion being due
to the guide k. If therefore the anchor metal is obstructed and ceases to move the
jaw K³ must do likewise but the upper jaw K being positively driven cannot stop it
therefore has to slide over the metal strip but before it can advance a perceptible
distance the projection on the jaw K' which is stationary dislodges the trigger or
catch rod o' which is moving with the jaw K from the edge of the guide piece and so

page_text: allows the spring O' through the medium of the bell crank lever o to raise the arm H
and disengage the stops and j whereupon the spring G draws the friction cone F
out of gear with the pulley E and so stops the machine, the position of the parts at
this moment being as shewn in Fig. 7.
6th Group. The movement of the fibres. This group may be subdivided into four
parts: 1st. The placing in position of the packets of fibres. 2nd. The separation
of the same into layers; 3rd. The progressive or forward movement of the layers;
4th. The separation and conveyance of the tuft into the axis of the insertor tube.
1st part. The placing of the packets of fibres in the receptacle provided therefor.
The fibres rest upon an adjustable table S which is surrounded on three of its sides by
the part B of the framework (see Fig. 3). This table is carried by a rod s having an
external thread and passing through a sleeve s¹ having an internal thread. A hand
wheel S' is fixed on the lower end of the sleeve and the latter is carried by a boss in
the frame B (see section Fig. 1). When placed in position, on end, the fibres are
covered by a glazed frame S2 which is hinged to a threaded rods and supported at its
other end by a rod which is screwed through the framework. The manner in which
the table S and the cover S* are supported admits of their being raised or lowered at
pleasure according to the length of the bristles. If the bristles are to be folded in the
middle the table and cover will be adjusted equidistantly below and above the axis
of the insertor but their relative position will always depend on the length of bristle
and the point at which they have to be doubled.
On the attendants side of the frame B'is a fixed guide for the fibres consisting of two
checks St fixed at a slight distance apart so as to afford space for the slide $ which
carries the compressors The compressor is moved laterally by means of the slide
and transversely within a groove formed in the slide.
The upper portion S of the side of the fibre receptacle furthest from the operator is
moveable and adjustable by means of the nuts and bolts and set screws & whereby
the width of the channel along which the fibres travel may be changed at pleasure.
This adjustment of the width of the channel is effected by means of metal strips t
inserted between the end of the guide S and the frame B.
On commencing to work the machine the operator adjusts the glazed cover S
according to the distance which the bristles ought to project from the body of the
brush. He then adjusts the table S leaving sufficient space between it and the cover S
to allow the bristles to stand upright. The cover $ is then thrown back and the
slide S pushed to the left and the compressors withdrawn as shewn in Fig. 9.
A packet of fibres is then placed on the table S the compressor s ro-inserted, the
string binding the packet together is then removed, the cover S* replaced and the
fibres are ready to be divided into layers.
The fibres occupy the space between the compressor and the trident about to be
described.
2nd part division of the fibres into layers. The fibres are divided into layers by
means of a "trident" consisting of a central prong T fixed to a cross piece T'. The
cross piece T forms a bed or guide for two slide plates teach of which carries a
prong t, the slides being connected by a bent plate or jaw t³ to which is hinged
a handle t
Parallel to the prong T and fixed to the cross piece T¹ is a rectangular arm T* which
works in an adjustable guide T. This guide is shewn in section in Fig. 9*. It is
held in position on the top of the frame A by means of bolts and nuts which bind
it to a bar T the latter being bolted to the frame, packing strips are placed between
the guide T and the bar T the use of which is hereinafter described 1 is an endless
chain comb the construction of which is shewn in Figs. 16. 17 and 18. This comb
passas round guide pullies or rollers t' which are adjustable and can be turned by
hand in either direction being provided with milled nuts 8 (see Fig. 3) for the
purpose.
The central prong T of the trident is capable of a reciprocatory movement across
the fibre receptacle and parallel to the endless comb. The outer prongs t¹³ are

page_text: capable in addition to this reciprocatory movement of a similar movement at right
angles thereto.
When a packet of fibres or bristles is placed in position on the table S the operator
takes bold of the handle of the compressor in his left hand and the handle t of the
trident in his right compressing the bundle of bristles and moving the whole
simultaneously towards the endless comb until the three arms T t and t coincide as
shewn in Fig. 10. He then draws the trident outwards as shown by dotted lines in
Fig. 10 continuing to press the fibres forward with the compressor against the
endless comb. The trident is then pushed inwards whereby a layer of fibres is cut
off equal in thickness to the space between the prong T and the body of the comb T
and the prongs of the trident with the compressor and the remaining fibres aro
moved back to their original position. The elasticity of the mass of fibres is
counteracted by means a spring S° screwed to the slide S and pressing against the
upper guide cheek S and also by a stop " Figure 14ª formed on the handle t.
When the prongs t¹t of the trident have been moved away from the comb the handle t
is pressed downwards and the stop t" comes in contact with the end of the slide or
cross piece T which carries the central prong T. It will be noticed that when the
trident is withdrawn as shown in dotted lines Fig. 10 the entrance from the fibre
receptacle S to the channel & will be left open. To obviate this, which is apt to cause
derangement of the fibres, a stop piece S7 (see Figs. 4, 9 and 10) is employed.
This stop piece consists of two plates held apart by a block so into which is screwed
one end of a rod S the other end sliding in a stud s". The rod S and studs" and
one of the previously mentioned studs s' which passes through a slot in the stop act as
guides therefor and a spring 8" on the rod S tends to press the stop forward and
close the entrance to the channel 8. When the trident is withdrawn the stop piece is a
pressed forward by the spring s" and the passage is closed until a layer of fibres has
been cut off: when however the two outer prongs t' t of the trident are pushed back
to the position shewn in Fig. 9 they encounter the central block 80 of the stop piece
and re-open the channel s".
Third part. Forward movement of the layers towards the insertor Q Figures 1.4. 9,
10. 11. 12 and 13.
The
The forward movement of the layers is effected by means of a comb Ụ hinged to the
upper end of a bell-crank lever U the latter being fulcrumed on a shaft u which is
capable of oscillating and moving endwise in its bearings. The horizontal arm of
the lever U rests on the end of the vertical rod u¹ which is channeled to receive it.
The rod u' is slotted at each end and through these slots pass the guide pins u.
lower end of the rod u' rests on a horizontal bar U2 which is jointed to the lever N and
supported midway by a guide block u³ fixed to the framework. On one half, in width,
of the bar U is formed a can or incline P on which rests the rod u¹. Contact is
preserved between the horizontal arm of the lever U¹, the vertical rod u¹ and the
bar U by means of a spring u*.
The parts just described effect the oscillatory motion of the comb U ; the endwise
motion is effected by means of an arm Us spread out and bent upwards at one end and
jointed at the other to a lever U mounted on the shaft . Through the turned up
end of the arm U³ passes the shaft u on which are, a fast collar uº, a spring u' and an
adjustable nut u³.
In considering this part of the invention it must be remembered that the endless
comb Ts has no direct automatic motion imparted to it, provision being made however
to enable the attendant to turn it by hand. The one row of teeth of the comb U
intercalate with the double row of the endless comb To being arranged to enter midway
between the two rows so that the teeth never come into contact if either comb move
independently of the other. Such independent motion can only occur however when
there are no bristles interposed between the two combs, otherwise a layer of bristles
when set in motion by one comb would impart motion to the other one if the teeth
were intercalating.
On commencing to work the machine the first layer of bristles cut off will be equal

page_text: in length to the width of the table S and will not reach the comb U. The operator
therefore places the comb U so that the teeth thereof do not intercalate with those of
the endless comb and then turns the latter round by hand until the bristles enter the
bend of the channels and the machine is ready to commence operating.
The horizontal bar U being jointed to the lever N receives a reciprocatory motion
therefrom and imparts through the rod u an oscillatory motion to the comb U. as
before stated, the forward movement of the lever N causing the teeth of the comb to
be withdrawn from the fibres and the backward movement allowing thein to penetrate
the said fibres. When the teeth of the comb U are clear of the fibres an adjustable
screw-stop on the bar U* comes into contact with the lever U and causes it, through
the medium of the arın Us to move the shaft and lever U¹ and comb U endwise
towards the fibre receptacle S. The return movement of the lever N permits the
comb U to penetrate the fibres and when this has taken place the turned up end of the
bar U comes into contact with the lever U and moves the comb back to its original
position carrying the layer of fibres and endless chain comb T' along with it the extent
of motion being sufficient to provide bristles for one tuft.
It is necessary at times to place the comb U out of operation in order that some
other portion of the machine and especially the endless comb T5 may be worked
independently thereof. For this purpose the bar U is employed, this bar having a
cam or incline u at one end and being supported by a guide block u and the pin u³
which passes through a slot in the other end thereof, this pin also guiding the rod u'.
To place the comb out of operation the bar U is raised until the stop piece or
projection is clear of the guide block u it is then pushed forward and the
inclined end passing underneath a pin on the back of the rod u will raise the same
in the same manner and with the same result as the incline * on the bar and the
comb U will be kept clear of the fibres until the bar U is returned to its normal
position in which it is shewn in Figs. 12 and 13.
4th part relating to the formation and transport of the tuft and the various devices
for regulating the thickness thereof.
v
The tuft is formed or detached from the layer of fibres compressed in the channel sª
by means of two blades called respectively the separator and counter separator. The
former is shewn in detail in Figs. 28. 29 & 30 and the latter in Figs. 31. 32 & 33.
The relative positions which they occupy in the machine are shewn in Figs. 3, 4, 9
& 10 in which V indicates the separator and V₁ the counter separator. The function
of the separator is to detach or separate the tuft from the layer, which it does by means
of its pointed end the tuft thus separated being then carried into the axis of the
insertor being held between the shoulder v of the separator and the end of the
counter separator. To effect this transfer of the fibres it is necessary that the parts V
and V' should have a reciprocatory movement imparted to them simultaneously in the
same direction. This movement is obtained from the cams D2 and D³ as follows. The
separator V is attached to a sliding block V' (see figs. 3 & 4) which is mounted in
guides fixed to the framework B and the counter separator is similarly attached to
a slide block V³ mounted in guides fixed to the framework.
"
The juxtaposed ends of V and V₁ are guided by a plate fixed to the frame B and
carried as far as the channel of the insertor Q. The parts V and V' are set" in
their blocks V and V³ so as to spring or bear against the plate V. The cams D³
and D impart oscillatory motion to a lover Vs fulcrummed at v (see Fig. 3) to the
top of which is jointed by means of an eccentric stud W a rod Ve connecting the
lever V³ with a lever V' fulcrummed at v to a branch of the framework B. The upper
end of the lever Venters the block V2 forming a socket or toggle joints. On the
end of the connecting rod V which is jointed to the lever V is a short arm to (see
Fig. 8) to which is jointed by means of an eccentric stud w¹ a clutch-fork w² which
clutches a pin or stud on a crank arm w mounted on one end of the stud to which
passes through a lever V (Figs. 3 and 3*) and carries a spring pawl w* gearing with
a rack to fixed to the lever V. The lever V8 engages with the slide block V³ of the
counter separator in the same manner as described in reference to the separator.

page_text: On reference to Fig. 3 it will be observed that the roller of the lever V is on the
summit of the cam D' and that therefore the lever V and separator V are at the
commencement of the stroke, the end of the separator V being clear of the channel $8.
The counter separator under the influence of the spring V has followed the separator
until it has reached the mouth of the channels being stopped at this point by the
slide block V coming in contact with a stud 7. At this stage of the operation thero
is a slight distance between the ends of the separator and the counter separator which
is necessary for the introduction of the tuft. To seize the tuft it is therefore necessary
that the separator should commence to move slightly in advance of the counter
separator and close thereon before the fork w³ commences to act on the stud w³ and
therefore on the lever V and this it does in consequence of the stop o' having arrested
the counter separator before the separator had completed its previous movement thus
leaving a slight space between stud w³ and the terminus of the fork -The amount
of the space thus left is regulated by means of the eccentric studs W and w' which
gear with each other are of different diameters and move in opposite directions
whereby an exceedingly fine adjustment can be obtained whilst the crank arm w
controlled by the spring pawl w whose position on the toothed quadrant we can be
adjusted by hand, fixes the nearest approach of the separator and counter separator
according to the size of the tuft.
The size of the tuft is dependent on the thickness of the layer and the quantity fed
by the comb U. The thickness of the layer may be increased or decreased by insorting
or removing packing strips such as t (Fig. 9. 9" & 10) between the guide 1 of the
trident and the fixed bar T. If packing is removed and the nuts tightened the
guide will be drawn nearer to the bar and the central prong T of the trident will in
consequence be drawn towards the chain comb T5 whereby the thickness of the layer
cut off at each stroke will be reduced. Whatever alterations may be made in the
thickness of the layer the channel s must be regulated to correspond therewith and
this is effected by introducing or removing packing te between the moveable guide S*
and the end of the framework B.
>
The forward movement of the fibres is regulated by the screw on the bar U which
controls the ' ' reach or sideway movement of the comb U at the commencement of the
feed and also by the spring u' which regulates the amount of pressure exerted by the
comb U on the fibres as it feeds them towards the separator-As an additional safe-
guard against excessive feeding the opening of the channel & may be contracted by
means of a wedge shaped piece z which slides on the guide plate V*.
The method of working the machine is as follows:-
The operator having solected the proper size of insertor and anchor_stamp_and
adjusted the machine generally according to the work it is required to perform, places
a packet of bristles upon the table S cuts off a layer therefrom and turns the endless
comb T until the layer of bristles comes within reach of the comb U. Having seen -
that the fibre feeding and anchor stamping mechanism is in proper order he fits a hole
in the previously drilled brushboard upon the nozzle of the insertor tube Q; ho then
places his foot on the treadle J setting the entire machine in motion.
The abutment plate R sustains the pressure during the insertion of the tuft the
operator directing his attention merely to the fitting of the brush board until the
layer of fibres is exhausted or the machine is stopped through some obstruction in
the feed of the anchor metal.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention,
as communicated to us by our foreign correspondent, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is :-
1. In a machine such as described the combination of the treadle J, lever J' provided
with a stop j engaging with a similar stop h, on an arm H jointed to the lever G, and
spring G for the purpose of placing the friction cone F in or out of gear with the.
driving pulley E, substantially as specified and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
2. In a machine such as described the insertor tube Q constructed in two principal

page_text: parts such as q-q' with removable wearing parts 9° 9° and 9' held together by
pins and sleeve q' substantially as specified and shewn in the accompanying
drawings.
3. In a machine such as described the combination with the insertor blade P¹ of a
screw threaded body such as P for the purpose of facilitating the adjustment of the
said blade substantially as specified.
4. In a machine such as described the combination with the single block L of the
two punches for cutting out the anchors substantially as specified.
5. In a machine such as described the combination with the abutment plate R of
the flexible lever R, R7, pawls engaging with rack and the parts 7 R and R
for raising the pawls the whole constructed and operating substantially as specified
and illustrated in Figures 1. 2 and 5 of tho accompanying drawings.
6. In a machine such as described the trident or apparatus for separating the fibres
or bristles into layers and consisting of a central prong such as T to which is imparted
only a reciprocating movement in a direction across the path traversed by the bristles
and two outer prongs such as t¹ and t to which are imparted reciprocating movements
both across and in the direction of the path of the bristles substantially as specified.
7. In a machine such as described the combination with the endless chain T of a
comb such as U to which is imparted the reciprocating movements the one across and
the other in the direction of the passage of the bristles or fibros substantially as
specified and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
8. In a machine such as described the combination with the rod U¹ of the bar U*
having an incline or cam at one end for the purpose of placing the comb U out of
gear when it is requisite to work the machine without feeding the fibres substantially
as specified and shewn in Figures 11. 12 and 13 of the accompanying drawings.
9. In a machine such as described the separator V and counter-separator V' in
combination with the comb U adjustable guide Sand T3 slide and adjusting screw &¹
the whole arranged and operating substantially as and for the purpose specified.
10. In a machine such as specified the combination with the nipping jaws K and K²
of the trigger o³, lever o³ and spring O actuating bell crank lever o provided with
stud o' to engage with fork of rod H the whole constructed and operating substantially
as and for the purpose specified and illustrated in Figures 6. 6ª 6 and 7 of the
accompanying drawings.
11. The complete machine constructed and operating substantially as specified.