IMPROVEMENTS IN CARD-SETTING MACHINES, AND IN CERTAIN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE CONSTRUCTION THEREOF, WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Crabtree, of Halifax, in the County of York,
Machine Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARD-SETTING
MACHINES, AND IN CERTAIN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE
CONSTRUCTION THEREOF, WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO SIMILAR
PURPOSES."
Scaled the 29th May 1857, and dated the 3rd December 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Crabtree at
the Offico of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd December 1856.
I, THOMAS CRABTREE, of Halifax, in the County of York, Machine Maker,
5.do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CARD-SETTING MACHINES, AND IN CERTAIN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED
IN THE CONSTRUCTION THEREOF, WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO SIMILAR
.PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
The nature of my Invention consists, firstly, in tho employment of duplicate
0 or counter tappets or cams on the main shaft for working the slides or levers,
or producing the necessary reciprocating motion of card-setting machines,

page_text: whereby I dispense with the springs now used in conjunction with tappets, and
render the machines more certain in their operations.
Secondly, in the machinery employed for cutting or constructing the afore-
said tappets or cams, I fix the material or blanks of which I form the tappet
or cam on a spindle capable of rotating in bearings upon suitable framework,
and on the same spindle I also fix a pattern tappet or cam, or a tappet of the
form required to be constructed, and on each side of the said spindle I employ
a carriage for holding or carrying the cutting tools, which are so arranged as
to be capable of sliding on a suitable bed or framework; the pattern tappet
as it revolves with the rotating spindle acts upon or against the said carriage,
causing it to move in and out, or reciprocate to or from the spindle, according
to the eccentricity of such tappets, whereby I obtain exact copies or counter-
parts of the pattern tappet or cam either in single or duplicate; and I can cut
the said tappets or cams either on tho external edge or pereiphery of the blank,
or I can cut a groove or grooves in the sides thereof. Tappets or cams
produced or constructed by this means may be applied to various other
purposes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Crabtree in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
2nd June 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
CRABTREE, of Halifax, in the County of York, Machine Maker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS IIer most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentioth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Thomas Crabtree, Her special license that I, the said Thomas
Crabtree, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Thomas Crabtree, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, tho Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
RENTS IN CARD-SETTING MACHINES, AND IN CERTAIN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS

page_text: EMPLOYED IN THE CONSTRUCTION THERE07, WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO
SIMILAR PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Thomas Crabtree, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Offico within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Crabtree, do hereby declaro
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the samo is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying two Sheets of Drawings, that is to say:
My Invention consists, firstly, in the employment of duplicate or counter
tappets or cams on the main shaft for working the slides or levers, or producing
the necessary reciprocating motion of card-setting machines, whereby I dispense
with the springs now used in conjunction with tappets, and render tho
machines more certain in their operations.
Secondly, in the machinery employed for cutting or constructing the afore-.
said tappets or cams, I fix the material or blanks of which I form the tappet
or cam on a spindle capable of rotating in bearings upon suitable framework,
and on the same spindle I also fix a pattern tappet or cam, or a tappet of the
form required to be constructed, and on each side of the said spindle I employ
a carriage for holding or carrying the cutting tools, which are so arranged as
to be capable of sliding on a suitable bed or framework. The pattern tappet
as it revolves with the rotating spindle acts upon or against the said carriage,
causing it to move in and out, or reciprocate to or from the spindle, according
to the eccentricity of such tappets, whereby I obtain exact copies or counter-
parts of the pattern tappet or cam either in single or duplicate; and I can
cut the said tappets or cams either on the external edge or periphery of tho
blauk, or I can cut a groove or grooves in the sides thereof. Tappets or cams
produced or constructed by this means may be applied to various other
purposes.

page_text: the other, the tappet could rotate upon its axis, and continue to touch on
opposite sides against both cheeks at the same time, in the same manner as an
ordinary eccentric pulley would do if placed betwixt two such cheeks; by this
means I obtain reciprocatory motion with all the variations in time or speed
according to the peculiar formation of the tappet employed, as are now
obtained by means of a single tappet to act only in one direction and a spring
to act in the opposite, which spring is liable to get out of order and render the
machine inoperative, but by my Invention I dispense with springs, and render
the machine more certain in its operation.
Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6 are illustrations of other forms of tappets suitable to
other operations in card-setting machines, namely, one holding the wire
whilst the other forms the tooth. Figs. 7, 8, and 9 shew the application of
this part of my Invention. a is a tappet (as seen in Figs. 3 and 4) placed
in a frame b, which is so arranged or formed that one side of the said framo
will apply to the part a' and the other side to tho part a' of the tappet, as will
be clearly understood by reference to the Figures. The screw c is to adjust
the frame to the tappet. The tappet is here shewn as fixed on a portion of
the main driving shaft d, and the frame b is prepared ready to be attached to
the "slide" or "lever" of a card-setting machine.
Fig. 1 (Sheet 2) is a front elevation of the machinery or apparatus I
employ in cutting or constructing the aforesaid tappets or cams; Fig. 2 is an
end elevation; Fig. 8 is a back elevation; Fig. 4 is a plan; and Fig. 5 a
longitudinal section of the same, taken through the line A, B. The samo
letters in each of these Figures refer to the same parts of the machine. a is
a rectilinear bed, planed true on the face, and mounted on a pillar; b, b, are
carriages for holding the cutting tools, planed to fit to the bed, and capable of
sliding thereon; c is a spindle resting in bearings fixed to the bed; d'is a
pattern tappet fixed on the said spindle; is a blank tappet, also fixed on the
same spindle, to be cut or formed to the pattern tappet; f, f, are circular
cutters fixed on the spindles 9, 9, which are carried by the carriages b, b.
Motion is communicated from the driving pulleys h, h, fixed on the main shaft i..
by the bevil wheels j.j, to the shafts k, k, and by the spur wheels 1, 2, and
pinions m, m, to the cutter spindles 9, 9, and from the shaft k by means of a
worm n and wheel o, and worm p and wheel q, to the tappet shaft or spindle c.
It will be clearly perceived that when motion is given to the tappet shaft or
spindle, the tappet as it rotates will alternately act against one of the carriages,
forcing it away from the centre of the said spindle, and at the same time the
weighted levers r, r, applied to the opposite sides of the said carriages, will-

page_text: keep them up to the tappet, thus the carriages with the cutting tools will slide
in and out, or to and from the centre of the said tappet spindle, according to tho
peculiar form or eccentricity of the pattern tappet. 8, 8, are plates attached.to
the carriages, by means of which the cutters are capable of being regulated
or adjusted by the screws t, t. It will be evident from the foregoing that the
same form will be cut or produced upon the blank tappet as the pattern tappet
assumes. And in order to obtain or construct my duplicate pattern tappet, I
fix a single tappet (of the form required) on the shaft or spindle c instead of
the duplicate pattern tappet a, now shewn; I then connect the two carriages
rigidly together, and remove one of the weighted lovers, in order that the
other lever may counteract against the tappet, forcing the carriage back
towards the spindle as the tappet recedes after having forced it outwards.
Fig. 6 is a duplicate tappet, full-size, shewing the manner in which it operates
upon the carriages by means of the adjusting plates 8, s.
Fig. 7 is a plan of a machine arranged for cutting a groove or grooves in the
sides of tappets. In this case I only use one of the moveable carriages with the
cutter u at one end of the spindle v, in the same manner as in a drilling or
boring machine. The tappet to bo grooved is fixed on one end of the tappet
spindle we, as shewn in the section on the plan, and the pattern tappet & at the
other end. Motion is given thereto in like manner as previously described
in Figs. 1, 2, &c.
Fig. 8 is a side view of a tappet grooved in the side by this means.
It is clear that by this Invention any number of tappets or cams can be cut
to any form required according to pattern with perfect truth and accuracy,
and tappets thus cut or constructed may be applied to various useful purposes,
especially where irregular reciprocatory motion is required to be obtained or
derived from rotary motion, as in looms for weaving, &c. &c.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed or carried into effect, I
would have it understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details,
arrangement, or construction of machinery or apparatus as herein set forth.
But what I claim as my Invention, and which I believe to be new within the
realm, is,
Firstly, the application and use of duplicate or counter tappets or cams to
card-setting machines, as herein described, and illustrated in Sheet 1 of the
accompanying Drawings.
And, secondly, the means, machinery, or apparatus for cutting or constructing
the aforesaid tappets or cams as herein described, and illustrated in Sheet 2 of

page_text: the Drawings annexed, or any modified construction of machinery, wherein a
pattern tappet is employed to move or actuate the machinery for producing
copies of its own form in single or in duplicate.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Crabtree, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
THOMAS CRABTREE. (L.s.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named Thomas Crabtree, in the presence
of
THOMAS CRABTREE. (L.B.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named Thomas Crabtree, in the presence
of
WTASKER, Patent Agent,
Halifax.