Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 29th July, 1896
Complete Specification Laft 26th Ane 1807 Accented 12th June 1897
I, HENRY EYSTER SMYSER, residing in Germantown, City of Philadelphia,
State of Pennsylvania, United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to machines for making bags or receptacles, automatically
filling them with a weighed or measured charge of material, and closing or sealing
them to form a completed package. Machines of this character have been
already disclosed in the following Letters Patent granted to me, viz. :-No. 5,589
of 31 March, 1891, No. 18,444 of 3 October, 1893.
In the machines covered by my said patents, the charge of material to be
packaged is weighed or measured by one mechanism, which delivers successive
charges at stated intervals into a supply chute. The open-mouthed bags or
receptacles are made by another set of mechanisms. As each one is completed
it is filled with a charge of the material.. The top of the package is then folded
down to make a sealed package by another set of mechanisms.
In my said machines the open-mouthed bag is immediately on its completion
filled with the charge of material and its top then almost immediately closed.
This system has been successfully employed for packaging unground coffee, and is
applicable to numerous other materials. But for sugar, salt and other hygroscopic
materials, it is inadmissible by reason of the moisture that is imparted. to the
bags by the application of the paste or other adhesive material thereto, which
moisture affects the hygroscopic material being packed, causing a partial dissolving
and consequent caking of the outer portions thereof most nearly adjacent to the
pasted seams. One object of my present invention is to overcome this dis-
advantage and provide a packaging machine applicable for the automatic packing
of sugar and other hygroscopic substances.
Another object of my invention is to adapt the machine to the use of glue instead
of paste as the cementing material for closing the mouth of the bag, as well as
for cementing other parts thereof. My invention also introduces numerous other
improvenients applicable generally to packing or packaging machines.
The preferred embodiment of my present invention is illustrated in the accom-.
panying drawings, wherein,
Fig. 1 is a front end elevation of the machine;
Fig. 2 is an elevation of the right hand side;
Fig. 3 is a rear elevation;
Fig. 4 is a longitudinal mid-section taken generally on the line 4-4 in Figs. 1,
3, 5 and 6;
.Fig. 5 is a sectional plan cut on the line 5-5 in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 ;
Fig. 6 is a sectional plan cut on a lower plane as indicated by the dotted
lines 6-6 in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 ;
Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation looking from the front and in section cut in the
planes indicated by the lines 7-7 in Figs. 4, 5 and 6;
Fig. 7 shows a cam, lever and link which are more or less concealed in Fig. 7;
Fig. 8 is a plan of the pasting mechanism and adjacent parts separated from the
rest of the machine;

page_text: Fig. 9 is a vertical section of the pasting mechanism alone cut on the line 9-9
in Fig. 8:
Fig. 10 is a similar section showing the parts in a different position ;
Fig. 11 (Sheet 1) is a transverse section on the line 11 in Fig. 4 or 11-11 in
Fig. 5;
Fig. 12 is a fragmentary vertical longitudinal section viewed from the left
showing the mechanism for closing and gumming the bottom of the bag, the plane
of the section being substantially the same as that of Fig. 4;
Fig. 12 shows a cam which is hidden in Fig. 12;
Fig. 13 is a vertical transverse section looking from the rear cut on the
line 13-13 in Fig. 12 and showing part of the bottom closing mechanism;
Figs. 14 to 18 inclusive are enlarged fragmentary views showing the bottom
closing mechanism in different positions, Figs. 14, 15, 15 and 15B being vertical
longitudinal sections viewed from the right hand side of the machine and cut
approximately on the line 15-15 in Fig. 16; Fig. 16 being a horizontal section;
and Figs. 17 and 18 being more complete sections in the same plane as Figs. 15
to 15, and in substantially the same plane as Fig. 12, although looking in the
contrary direction;
Figs. 19 and 20 are front elevations of the bottom gumming mechanisms,
detached, and Fig. 20 a side elevation of part thereof;
Fig. 21 is a fragmentary horizontal section taken in a slightly lower plane than
Fig. 6;
Fig. 21 shows a cam which is concealed in Fig. 21;
Fig. 22 (Sheet 9). is a vertical radial cross-section through the bag carrier
between two pockets, as denoted by the line 22-22 Fig. 33;
Fig. 23 is a sectional elevation of the mechanism for gumming or glueing the
top of the bag, viewed from the front of the machine, and cut approximately in
the plane of the lines 23-23 in Figs. 5 and 2;
Fig. 23 shows a cam hidden in Fig. 23;
Figs. 23 and 23° are sectional elevations of two slides shown in Fig. 23;
Fig. 24 is an inverted plan or underside view of the three dabbers or glue fingers
for applying glue to the top or mouth of the bag;
Fig. 25 is a vertical section through one of these dabbers taken on the
line 25-25 in Fig. 24;
Fig. 26 is an oblique elevation, being a front view of the dabber shown in
Fig. 25, the view looking in the direction of the arrow 26 in Fig. 24;
Fig. 27 is a horizontal section on the line 27-27 in Fig. 25, the dabber however
being in different position with its wings extended;
Fig. 28 is a sectional elevation answering to Fig. 26 showing the sliding rack in
elevation and the two dabber pinions in section in the planes of the line 28-28 in
Fig. 27;
Fig. 29 is an illustrative plan of the top gumming mechanism, the parts being
somewhat rearranged to show the respective positions and successive movements of
the dabbers;
Fig. 30 is an illustrative sectional elevation of the top gumming mechanism
showing the glue vessel in section and the successive positions of the plunger,
scraper and dabbers in full and dotted lines;
Fig. 31 is a plan and Fig. 32 is an elevation looking from the front, of the
scrapers and their operating mechanism; - -
Fig. 33 is a sectional plan of the mechanism for folding in or closing the top
of the bag, showing incidentally in plan a portion of the bag carrier ;
Fig. 34 is a vertical section of the top closing mechanism taken on the line 34-34
in Fig. 33;
Figs. 34 and 34B show cams and leyers for operating portions of the top closing
mechanism;
Fig. 35 is a fragmentary side elevation showing part of the top closing
mechanism;

page_text: 1850 18 plan og with part of the operating mechanism.
Fig. 37 is a plan of another portion of the top closing mechanism;
Fig. 38 is a further fragmentary plan of this mechanism;
Fig. 39 is a diagrammatic view showing the successive movements of the first
folding blade of the top closing mechanism;
Fig. 40 is a fragmentary sectional front elevation of part of the top closing
mechanism viewed in the direction of the arrow 40 in Fig. 34;
Fig. 41 is an oblique longitudinal section in the plane of the line 41-41 in
Fig. 6, showing the mechanism for lowering the completed package and for drying
it and conveying it out of the machine;
Fig. 41 is a fragmentary elevation viewed nearly at right angles to Fig. 41,
showing the cam mechanism for operating one of the plungers;
.
Fig. 42 shows on a larger scale the right-hand portion of Fig. 41 with the parts
in a different position;
Fig. 43 is a cross-section of the package-conveying conduit on the line 43-43
in Fig. 42;
Fig. 44 is a cross-section thereof on the line 44-44 in Fig. 41;
Fig. 45 is a perspective view of the several shafts and gears of the machine
isolated from the remaining parts;
Fig. 46 is a diagrammatic plan view illustrating the course of the bags and
packages through the machine, and indicates the positions where the several
operations are performed upon them;
Fig. 47 shows the pasted sheet of paper from which the bag is made;
Figs. 48 and 49 are horizontal sections through the former and folders, showing
the operation of folding the paper around the former;
Fig. 50 is a perspective view illustrating the first step in the folding in of the
bottom of the bag;
Fig. 51 is a similar perspective view showing a later stage in the folding of the
bottom;
Fig. 52 is a perspective view showing the open-mouthed bag completed;
Fig. 53 is a perspective view showing the folding in of the top, and Fig. 54 is a
perspective view of the closed package;
Fig. 55 is an illustrative front elevation, and Fig. 56 is a development of the
circularly arranged pockets and table in a straight line.
I will first describe the operations performed in making the bag and in filling
and completing the package, with reference to the parts of the machine which
immediately act upon the bag or package, and independently of the mechanisms,
for operating these parts, which mechanisms I will describe later.
Referring to Fig. 47, a is a sheet of paper to which paste is applied at bb', and
which is destined to be folded on the dotted lines. The paste applied at b¹ is
extended beyond the width of the bag at 26. A pile of sheets of paper is placed
on a table A (Fig. 5), and the sheets are one at a time pasted and lifted off from
this pile by means of pasting lifters B B (Fig. 4). These lifters revolve intermittently
around a vertical shaft B, and have descending and ascending movements between
their intermittent rotative movements. The litter descends against a plate C
(Figs. 5 and 8) which is coated with paste, and the projecting portions of the face
of the lifter (corresponding to the pasted portions 66 in Fig. 47) take paste
therefrom; the lifter theu rises, swings rotatively over the table A, and descends
upon the pile of paper, applying the paste to the uppermost sheet a, and then
reascends lifting this sheet with it by means of the paste; it then rotates and
descends upon a table D, against which it presses the paper to transfer the paste
effectively thereto; it then reascends and again rotates until it stands over a
tilting table or matrix E,' and descends upon it, this table standing horizontally
at this time, (see Fig. 8) thereby laying the sheet of paper flat on this table.
A stripper c (Figs. 4 and 7) descends and holds the paper against the table while
the lifter B rises, so that the paper is disengaged from the lifter, and the latter
then rotates to again come over the paste plate C. The stripper c rises, leaving

page_text: the sheet of paper lying on the table E. This table then tilts (see Fig. 4) until it
stands vertically, and at the same time moves forward; bringing the sheet of paper
against an upright tubular former F. The yielding middle section e of the table
holds the paper clamped against the former, while by the continued advance of the
table the sides of the sheet are turned around against the sides of the former, as
shown in Fig. 48. During this movement the middle section e remains stationary,
the movement being taken up by the compression of its springs e'. The table
stops in the position shown in Fig. 49, and a folding blade G (Fig. 48) then
advances and turns down one side or flap of the paper, whereupon a folding
roller G' then advances and turns down the other flap of the paper (on which is
the paste 6 Fig. 47) laying it upon the first, and rolling repeatedly over the lap or
seam, as shown in Fig. 49, so as to unite the pasted surfaces to form the upright
seam of the bag. The tilting table E then moves back, leaving the paper wrapped
around the former as a square tube, held by the roller G' (see a¹ Fig. 12). The
tube, lettered a', is shown in this condition on the former in Fig. 12.
The bottom of the tube must then be folded in to form a bag bottom. The
portion of paper which projects beneath the former is first acted upon by a swinging.
folder H hinged to a slide H. This foller moves in the manner shown in Fig. 14
from the position I advancing (see Fig. 15) to position 2, where it has begun to
act on the paper (see Fig. 154), and continuing to advance until it has turned up
the first fold forming the bag bottom, and has swung up to approximately a
horizontal position as shown at 3 in Fig. 14 (see also Fig. 15), after which it
draws back to position 4 and swings down to position 1 ready for the next operation.
This first folding blade thus turns up the first fold of the bag bottom, as shown in
Fig. 50. Following it in its advance are two wing folders 1 I, which enter each
side of it immediately after it has reached the position 3. They are shown as
entering in Fig. 15. While entering they are turned toward each other as shown
in the end view Fig. 13. When fully entered these wing folders swing outwardly
or away from each other, as shown in Fig. 51, thereby drawing down the pasted
flap of paper and forming the side flaps into triangular cars or wings dd. At the
same time another folding blade or plate J advances from the opposite side to the
first folding blade H, and lays down the second or pasted flap-upon the first flap.
After the wing folders I I have begun to swing outwardly, and while the folding
blade J is advancing, the first folder H moves back from position 3 to 4 (Fig. 14)
sufficiently in advance of the blade J to avoid being sineared with paste from the
pasted flap. While the triangular flaps or wings d are held turned out by the
wing folders II, two glue dabbers K K swing up and apply dots of glue (or paste
or other cement) to these wings in the positions d d (Figs. 51 and 16), and then
immediately swing back. Thereupon the wing folders I swing inwardly, turning
in the wings d d, the blade J remaining in place to hold the bag bottom flat and
prevent crumpling of the paper until these wings have been turned beyond the
vertical, whereupon the blade J slides back out of engagement with the bag.
The wing folders II turn the triangular wings inward to about the extent
indicated in Fig. 17, and hold them there until a plunger M, which meanwhile has
been ascending, comes in contact with them, as shown in Fig. 17, so as to keep
them from Hying outwardly again, whereupon the wing folders II are retracted,
sliding out of the wings and moving back to the position shown in Fig. 18, after
which the folding blade H swings down from the position 4 to 1 (Fig. 14). As
soon as the wing folders have moved out of the way, the plunger M completes its
ascent, thereby folding up the wings dd flat against the second Hap of the bag
bottom, and squeezing the bag bottom tightly against a plunger L which is within
the former F and forms the temporary bottom of the latter. This squeezing of
the bag bottom causes the paste and the glue applied at d''d to adhere and
firmly cement together the flaps of the bag bottom, thereby completing the open-
mouthed bag as shown in Fig. 52. The roller G¹ which has held the upright seam
until this instant then rolls off the former.
The bag a thus made requires to be removed from the former and forced down

page_text: into one of a series of carrying pockets N (Figs. 4 and 5) beneath. To effect this,
the plungers L and M move down simultaneously (as soon as the roller G¹ has
released the bag) holding the bag bottom pinched between them, thus drawing the
bag from the former, and carrying it down into the pocket to the position shown
in Fig. 18. The pocket N is then slightly contracted to grasp the bag, and the
plunger L then rises out of the bag to its position within the for.ner.
The pockets N N are arranged circularly around an intermittently revolving
wheel or carrier P, which moves step by step to bring each time an empty pocket
into position under the former to receive a completed bag. The pockets are made
to contract and expand so as to grasp the bag or release it. In the construction
shown this is effected by making the inner or rear wall of each pocket movable.
The pockets, which are open-mouthed, move in a circular path over an annular
table or ring O (Fig. 6). This table has a hole through which the plunger M
works. As the pockets advance, the bags are caused to slide around over this
table. The pockets are made with their outer sides open, as shown in Fig. 33,
being closed, by coming against a stationary wall g, which is or may be inade
hollow as shown at g¹ in Fig. 23, to form a steam or hot air jacket to warm or heat
the outer sides of the bags. This jacket may be made steam tight, or it may have
steam pipes carried through it, the latter construction being shown in Fig. 23.
The longitudinal pasted scams 6 of the bags being turned against the open outer
sides of the pockets come against this heated wall, and are dried. For also drying
the pasted or glued seams in the bottoms of the bags, the table O is provided for
a part of its circumference with. a steam or hot air jacket O', shown in dotted lines
in Fig. 6, and in section in Fig. 22. To give ample time for the thorough
drying of the pasted seams in the sides and bottoms of the bags, the bags are
carried for a considerable time in the pockets before being filled. In the
construction shown, where 48 pockets are employed, empty bags in the course of
being dried are contained in about 33 of the pockets, which in a machine making
about 21 packages per minute, has been found to give ample time for the thorough
drying of the bags, each bag being thus afforded about 90 seconds for drying.
When the bag reaches the filling position, it is filled with a charge of material
which is dumped into it through a hopper and chute Q (Figs. 2 and 5). The
pocket supports the bag against the bursting strain due to the sudden flow of the
material into it.
Before
Each bag after being filled as it reaches the position over pins ', has its
contents thoroughly shaken down by the bag being successively lifted and dropped
by the pins, which move rapidly up and down through holes in the table.
being thus shaken, the bag is released from the grasp of the pocket by the pocket
being expanded.
Glue (or other adhesive substance) is then applied to the top portions or mouths
of the bags in suitable locations adapted to cement the flaps of the top
when folded in. Each bag is first gummed on its left side (see Fig. 46) by means
of the swinging or folding wings or fingers of a dabber R', (Fig. 29) which
wings take glue from the glue plates or sections srespectively of a glue
plunger S (see Fig. 29), and carry the glue to the bag, applying it in appropriate
positions on the outer and inner surfaces of the bag. The wings, which are open
when receiving glue from the plunger, close together and embrace the bag between
them in the manner shown in Fig. 26. On advancing to a further position, the
bag is gummed on its right side (see Fig. 46). This is done by the wings of
a dabber R receiving glue from the sections respectively of the glue
plunger S. The wings of the dabbers R R embrace the sides of the bag between
them, as shown in the upper part of Fig. 29. On advancing to a further position
(see Fig. 46) the bag has its rear side gummed by the wing of a dabber R³,
which takes glue from the section of the plunger S, (see Fig. 29). In applying,
this glue to the bag, the wings of this dabber embrace the bag between the:n
as shown in the upper part of Fig. 29.
The bag on being carried to a further position (see Fig. 46) has its top closed

page_text: "by mechanism shown in Figs. 33 to 40. In this position the bag rests on a
yielding table or plate i (Figs. 6, 34 and 40). On reaching this position the
pocket N is slightly contracted so as to press against the bag. To close the top
of the bag, its outer or first flap, which is not gummed, is first folded in and laid
down flat upon the mass of material by a folder consisting of a swinging folding
blade T (Figs. 34, 35 and 36), mounted on a slide T', and which executes the
movements shown in Fig. 39, advancing from position 1, through position 2 to 3.
This combined advancing and swinging down movement of the blade, folds or tucks
in the paper without risk of tearing it. Following the blade T, two wing
folders U U (Figs. 33 and 37) enter the mouth of the bag by sliding forward each
side of the blade T, and then swing outwardly, thereby drawing the right and left
sides of the top of the bag into triangular ears or wings jj (Fig. 53). In so doing
the back flap of the bag is drawn down upon the first or front flap as shown in
Fig. 63, the first folding blade T bring retracted (from position 3 to 4 in Fig. 39)
in time to avoid being smeared with glue from the back flap. As the folding
blade T recedes, a folding blade V on the opposite side of the bag enters and
moves over the back flap, laying it down on the front flap. This folder V is
movable vertically to a slight extent and carries a roller (see Fig. 34). When it
is thus moved over the top of the bag, a plunger or presser W then moves down
against the roller 1, thereby pressing down the blade V in order to slightly press
down and flatten the top of the package. While the blade V remains thus pressed
down, the wing folders, U U swing inwardly, carrying the triangular wings jj
inward and folding the paper against the outer edges of the blade V. Thereupon
the blade V is retracted, and when the folders U U have turned in toward each
other sufficiently to nearly lay down the triangular wings upon the top of the bag, the
plunger W again moves downward, and as soon as it has moved far enough to
catch the wings and prevent them from flying upwardly again by reason of the
stiffness of the paper, the folders U U are retracted, sliding out of the flaps, and
as they pass out of the way the plunger W continuing its descent presses down
the flaps upon the top of the package, completing it as shown in Fig. 54. In so
doing it may more or less press down the package on the yielding table i, which
thereby compensates for any irregularity in the height of the packages. The
wings are cemented down by the glue applied at 209, Fig. 53. The descent of the
plunger W serves to crease the paper and thereby prevent the wings from flying up
again. The plunger W then rises out of the way to admit of the next bag coming
under it, at the next movement of the pocket.
The next movement of the pocket carries the completed package a³ to the
position (see Fig. 46) where it is plunged down out of the pocket. In this position
it stands as shown in Fig. 41, between two plungers X and Y, mounted to move
vertically. The location of the plunger Y is shown in Fig. 6. The plunger X
stands elevated sufficiently to permit the package to pass freely under it even if its
wings have somewhat sprung up (see Fig. 55). The plunger X then descends
and its first movement again presses down the wings; Hat upon the top of the
package; and that instant the plunger Y commences to descend, and the two
plungers X and Y then move downward simultaneously, carrying the package a³
between them out of the pocket N and into the position shown in Fig. 42. The
plungers dwell in this position while a pusher Z pushes the package out from
between the two plungers and into a conveyer trunk or conduit A'. The
roof or top plate m of this conduit engages the top of the package as soon as the
latter is pushed out from under the plunger X, so that the top wings have no
opportunity to fly up, if not yet cemented down by the setting of the glue. The
pusher Z moves as far as the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 42, thereby
bringing the package onto a conveyer belt n best constructed as a series of chains,
and underneath a belt p (Figs. 42, 43 and 44). When the pusher Z has carried
the package out from under the plunger X, the latter reascends to permit the next
movement of the pocket N, and the plunger Y also ascends, and after the latter

page_text: has moved up out of the way of the pusher Z, this pusher moves back to its first.
position.
The successive packages a³ are carried along through the conveyer conduit A¹ by
resting on the traveling chains n beneath, and the belt p moves with them at the same.
speed as the chains. The walls of the conduit are or may be provided with steami
spaces (Fig. 43) by which to keep the conduit heated and thereby warm the
packages, and facilitate the drying and setting of the glue used to close the tops of the
packages. The conduit A¹ is made as a closed conduit for the first part of its.
length, and afterwards by being cut away at A3 (Fig. 41) it becomes an open
conduit or trough. The belt p is carried over the top of this trough by means of
a series of rollers mounted between the side bars of a frame t, which is vertically
movable, and is drawn down to press the belt against the tops of the packages by
springs (Figs. 41 and 44). The frame is mounted on pins at one end,
engaging upright slots in the frame, as shown in Fig. 41B. The packages are
thus fed out in succession between the chains n and belt p upon a delivery
table u.
Having thus described the operations performed upon the bags and packages,
and the active parts or instrumentalities which directly perform these operations,
I will now proceed to describe in detail the specific construction of the various
parts of the apparatus, and the several mechanisms for imparting the requisite
movements to the active parts or tools.
The several shafts of the machine are best shown in Fig. 45. Power is applied
by a belt and pulleys or otherwise to a shaft 50, having worms 51, 51, meshing
with worm wheels 52, 52, on two vertical shafts 53 and 54 respectively. These
shafts communicate motion through mitre-gears to horizontal longitudinal shafts 55
and 56 respectively which extend over the top of the machine, and which drive
shafts 57 and 58 respectively. The shaft 53 drives through miter gears a hori
zontal transverse shaft 59. The shaft 54 drives through miter gears a horizontal
longitudinal shaft 60, and this in turn through miter gears drives a horizontal
transverse shaft 61. All these shafts except shaft 50 turn at the same speed, an:l
each makes one revolution to each package that is completed on the machine.
The construction of the paper receiving table A, and of the pasting lifters B B.
and the cam mechanism for operating them, need not now be described, as they are
fully set forth in my said Patent No. 18,444 dated 3 October 1893, the only
important change being that the lifters B now revolve in the contrary direction.
The table A is carried on an arm 41 (Fig. 5) projecting from a slide 42, moved up
or down by a feed-screw 43 in fixed bearings. This screw, which elevates the pile-
of paper in proportion as sheets are fed off, carries a ratchet-wheel 44, turned by a
pawl 45, pivoted on a lever 46, which is vibrated from a cam 47 through a lever 48
and link 49. My said patent also fully illustrates the construction and operation
of. the tilting table or matrix E and its driving mechanism, as well as of the
stripper c and its driving mechanism.
up
My present invention provides a new paste mechanism for applying paste to the
lifters B B. The paste is placed in an open-topped box or tank 62, (Figs. 5, 7, 8,
9 and 10) which may if desired have a steam jacket or chamber 63 beneath it,
into which to introduce steam or other heating medium in case it becomes necessary
to keep the paste warm. The paste-plate C is a horizontal plate mounted to move-
and down as a plunger. It descends to the position shown in dotted lines, in.
Fig. 9, ascends thence to the position shown in full lines in that figure, and pauses
in this position long enough to have the excess of paste scraped or rubbed off from.
its surface by a scraping blade or arm 64, after which the plunger C ascends to the
position shown in Fig. 10, where it remains stationary while the lifter B descends.
upon it and takes up paste from its surface, after which the paste plate or plunger
again descends into the body of paste. The scraper 64 moves or swings over it,
while it is immersed in the paste to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 8,
and when the plunger rises to the position shown in full lines in Fig. 9, the scraper

page_text: then swings across it to the position shown in full lines in Fig. 8. The paste plate
or plurger by descending beneath the. level of the paste at each stroke, is kept
moist, and its surface coating of paste is continually renewed, so that no opportunity
is afforded for drying or eaking. In the construction shown, the plunger or
plate C is carried by a vertical slide 65, which is connected by a link 66 to a
lever 67, which is fulcrumed at 68, and the shorter arm of which carries a roller
which is engaged by a cam 69 (Figs. 7 and 8) on the shaft 55. The swinging arin
or scraper 64 is mounted on the lower end of an oscillatory shaft 70, to the upper
part of which is fixed an arm 71 connected by a link 72 to a lever 73, fulcrumed
on a vertical shaft 75, and carrying a roller engaged by the cam-groove in a
cam 74 on the shaft 54 (see Figs. 5, 7 and 8).
The stripper e is mounted on a vertical slide 76 (Fig. 7) and operated through a
lever 77 from a cam (not shown) on the shaft 56, in the manner described in my
said patent.
The tilting table or matrix E is pivoted to a slide 78 (Figs. 4 and 11) which
slides longitudinally in suitable ways, being moved through a link 79 and lever 80
(Fig. 4) from a cam (not shown) on the shaft 57. The tilting of the table E is
effected through the engagement of its crank-arm by a link 81 (Fig. 4) with a
lever 82 driven by a cam (not shown) on the shaft 57. These cams and levers are
fully described in my said patent.
The former F and the plungers L and M are of substantially the same
construction, and are moved by the same mechanism as shown in my said patent.
The plunger L is mounted on a vertical slide 83, guided in ways in the former F,
and connected by a link 84 (Fig. 4) to a lever overhead driven by a cam (not
shown) on the shaft 56. The plunger M is mounted on a vertical slide 86 (Fig. 4)
connected by a link 87 to a lever 88 fulcrnmed on a stud 89, and having on its
short arm a roller engaged by a cam 90 on the shaft 59 (see Fig. 4).
The folding blade G and roller G are transposed relatively to the positions
shown in my previous patent, but are otherwise unaltered. Their construction and
the mechanism for operating them, are fully set forth in my said patent. They are
shown in dotted lines in Fig. 5, the blade & being carried on a horizontal slide 91
driven through a lever 91' from a cam 92 on the vertical shaft 53. The roller G
is carried on a horizontal slide 93 driven through a link 94 and lever 95 from a cam
(not shown) on the vertical shaft 54.
I will now describe the mechanism for operating the folders for folding in the
bottom of the bag. The slide carrying the folder H is connected by a link 96
(Fig. 12) to a lever 97 which is fulcrumed on the stud 89 and is driven by a
cam 98 (see Fig. 124), on the shaft 59. The swinging movements of the folder H
are imparted to it by a cam li1 (Fig. 12) through a link 99 and lever 100
fulcrumed on the stud 89.
The other folders for forming the bag bottom do not materially differ in their
construction and operation, or in the means for driving them, from those illustrated
in my said patent. The wing folders II are formed on oscillatory shafis mounted
in a slide 102, movable forward and back to give the advancing and retracting
movements to the folders. This slide is driven through a link 103 and lever 104
(Fig. 12) from a cam 105 (Fig. 1). To impart the oscillatory movements to the
folders, their shafts are formed as long pinions 106 which are engaged by transverse
racks formed on a slide 107 moving in stationary ways transversely of the slide 102,
and driven by being connected by a link 108 (Fig. 5) to a lever 109 fulcrumed on
the vertical shaft 75 and driven by a cam 110 (Fig. 1). The back folding blade J
has a simple reciprocating movement, being mounted on a slide 111 (Figs. 12 and 4),
which is connected by a link.112 to a lever 113 (Fig. 4), the upper arm of which
is acted upon by a cam (not shown) on the transverse shaft 57. The cams and
details not herein shown, are amply set forth in my said patent.
I will now describe the mechanism for applying glue to the bottom flaps of the
bags, consisting of the glue dabbers K K, and the means for operating them and
applying glue to them. Glue or other cement is placed in a glue box or vessel 115

page_text: (Figs. 4 and 12), being warmed if necessary by steam or other hot fluid admitted
to a jacket 116 surrounding this box. The glue is lifted by a plunger 117 moving
vertically. Tbis plunger descends to near the bottom of the glue box, and ascends
to a position somewhat above it, (Figs. 12 and 18), where it applies the glue to the'
dabbers K, and afterward descends into the mass of glue. The plunger 117
projects horizontally from the bottom of a vertical slide 118 (see Figs. 1 and 19).
This slide is connected by a link 119 to a lever 120 fulcrumed at 121, and
driven by a cam 122 on the shaft 56 (Fig. 19). The plunger 117 is provided
with two adjustable pins 123, preferably screwthreaded so that they may bo
set to different heights in the plunger. These pins are arranged to come in
contact with, the dabbers K K and constitute the direct glue-applying parts.
The dabbers KK consist of swinging arms movable through approximately
a half revolution, as shown in Fig. 20. They might both be mounted on
one oscillatory shaft, but as such shaft would be in the way of the movement of
the folder H, I preferably mount each on a tubular sleeve 124 (Fig. 16), turning
on a stud set in the fixed frame, as shown at the right of Fig. 13. On each sleeve is
fixed a pinion 125, engaged by a vertically sliding rack 126. These racks are
connected by links 127 (Fig. 20) to a lever 128 fulcrumed on the stud 121 (Fig. 1),
and carrying a roller engaged by a cam 129 fixed on the shaft 56. The operation
of these parts is as follows:-The plunger 117 ascends, rising out of the glue and
carrying the glue up to the dabbers K while the latter are in the position shown
in Fig. 18, or in full lines in Fig. 204. The plunger then moves down slightly
(or the dabbers might lift slightly), and they then dwell for an instant in this
position to cause the breaking of the thread or string of glue which is liable to be
drawn between the dabbers and plunger. Then the plunger descends into the glue
again, while the dabbers swing forward at the proper time to the position shown
in dotted lines in Fig. 20, thereby applying the glue to the out turned triangular
wings d of the bag bottom, as shown in Fig. 16. The dabbers then swing back
to their first position, and the plunger again rises and applies glue to them. By
the dipping of the plunger beneath the surface of the glue at each stroke, the
latter is kept stirred and homogeneous, and the surface of the plunger is'
continually remoistened, so that no drying or caking of the glue upon the plunger
can occur.
I will now describe the construction of the pockets N and the intermittently
revolving pocket wheel P, with the means for revolving the latter.
The wheel P (Fig. 4) is constructed with a ring or rim 130, connected by spokes
to a central hub 131, turning on a stationary vertical shaft 132 (Fig. 4). The top
of the ring 130 is flat (see cross-section Fig. 17), and on its top are bolted at
regular intervals castings 133 consisting of flat plates having side flanges 134 and'
radial walls 135 (Fig. 33). These walls 135 form the side walls of the
pockets N N on opposite sides of the interposed casting. The pockets have no
outer or front walls, except so far as the stationary wall 9 serves as such. Their
movable inner or rear walls fare formed as upright plates projecting each from a
base plate or slide 136. The slide 136 moves radially of the axis of rotation,
sliding on the flat top of the ring 130, and guided by the overhanging side
flanges 134 of the castings 133, 133 on its opposite sides. The construction thus
described greatly simplifies the making and assembling of the parts.
For intermittently driving the pocket wheel P, 1 employ the mechanism shown
best in Fig. 21. The ring 130 is notched on its under side with equidistant
notches or recesses 137, equal in number to the pockets. These notches are
engaged by a propelling bolt 138 and a fastening bolt 139. The former is mounted
on a slide 140, working in radial slideways in a vibrating arm 141, which turns
freely on the shaft 132. This arm is vibrated by means of a link 142 and
lever 143 pivoted on a stud 141, and carrying on its shorter arm a roller engaged
by the cam-groove in a cam 145 (Fig. 21) on the shaft. 54. By this means the
arm 141 is swung from the position shown in full lines in this figure, to the
position indicated in dotted lines, the bolt 138 carrying forward the wheel P
R

page_text: the distance from one pocket to the next. The bolt 139 which slides in stationary
ways 151, is then pushed forward to engage one of the notches, and the bolt 138 is
retracted. These movements are effected by a cam 146 (Fig. 214), the groove of
which engages a roller carried on a lever 147 pivoted on a stud 148. One arm
of this lever connects by a link 149 with the bolt 139, while the other arm
connects by a link 150 with the slide 140 carrying the bolt 138. Thus the two
bolts are projected and retracted alternately, the one which is being projected
always entering its notch before the other one leaves the notch with which it has
been engaged. After the bolt 138 has been retracted, and the bolt 139 projected
to hold the wheel P stationary, the arm 141 is swung back to its first position,
bringing the bolt 138 into line with the next notch, whereupon this bolt is projected
and the bolt 139 is retracted ready for the next forward movement. The present
propelling mechanism differs from that shown in my Patent No. 18,444 in the
rearrangement of the mechanism whereby the bolt 138 works from the outside of
the wheel; also in the addition of the locking bolt 139 for holding the wheel
stationary during the backward movement of the propelling bolt, and in the
utilization of one cam and a two-armed lever for effecting simultaneously the
opposite longitudinal movements of the two bolts. To admit of this utilization of
one cam, I provide a lost motion device through which the bolt 138 is operated, so
that the variation in distance between the slide 140 and lever 147 due to the swing
of the arm 141 is taken up. In the preferred construction shown, this lost motion
device consists of an open slot 152 in the end of the link 150, engaged by a pin or
stud. 153 set in the end of the lever 147, the amount of lost motion being regulated
by the, adjustment of a screw 154 passed through the slotted end of the link.
The swing of: the arm 141 imparts sufficient end wise movement to the link 150 to
shift the stud 153 from one end of the slot to the other, so that when the lever 147
is moved, it actuates, both bolts simultaneously.
My present invention provides improved and simplified means for expanding and,
contracting the pockets N, that is to say, for moving the rear walls out or .in..
The slide 136 of each pocket carrying the movable wall is formed with an
upwardly projecting tooth or Ing 160 (see Figs. 33 and 18). The projecting
lugs 160 serve as means by which to engage and operate the pockets by the,
pocket-expanding and contracting mechanisms. The first contraction of the
pocket at the moment that the newly made bag is plunged into it, is effected by
means of a roller or pusher 161 carried on a slide 162 (Figs. 12 and 4). This
slide is moved longitudinally by means of a link, 163 and lever 164 (Fig. 4), the
latter pivoted on a horizontal stud 165, and carrying on its upper arm a roller
engaged by a cam-groove in a cam 166 fixed on the shaft 57. The same slide
carries a pendent finger or pusher 167 projecting on the opposite side of the
lug 160 for expanding the pocket. The operation is as follows: During the time
that the pocket wheel P is moving forward, the slide 162 stands in the position"
shown in Fig. 12, so that the lug 160 may freely pass about midway between
the operating fingers 161 and 167, so that there shall be no danger of its striking
either. After the pocket has come to rest (the pocket being now contracted), the
slide 162 moves back so that the finger 167 strikes the lug 160 and draws back
the movable wall of the pocket to expand the latter, ready to have the newly made
bag plunged down into it. While the plungers L and M are carrying down the
bag, the slide 162 is moving forward, and when the plungers have carried the bag
nearly to the bottom of the pocket, the finger 161 strikes the lug 160 and moves it
forward, thereby pressing forward the wall fand contracting the pocket, to cause
it to grasp the bag. The slide 162 subsequently moves back to the first position
ready for the next advance movement of the pockets.
The pockets remain thus contracted, holding the bags, until reaching the position
where the material is filled into the bags. On moving away from this position, the
lug 160 of the pocket encounters a roller cam 168, the position of which is best
shown in Fig. 46. This roller is carried on a fixed pendent arm 169 (Fig. 4).
The position of the roller is such that the lug 160 in moving past it is thrust
i

page_text: outward sufficiently to expand the pocket to the required extent, that is, to leave
the contained bag free or loosely confined in the pocket, so that it may be easily
raised and dropped therein in the operation of shaking down.
The pockets remain thus expanded until they reach the position where the top
of the bag is closed. On moving to this position, the lug. 160 runs against another
roller cam 170, in the position clearly shown in Fig. 46, and also shown in Figs. 4,
33 and 34. The position of this cam is such that the lug in moving against it is
thrust outward sufficiently to contract the pocket upon the bag, and thereby hold
the latter with the requisite firmness for properly supporting it during the
operations of folding in and closing the top of the bag. By comparing my present
mechanism for contracting and expanding the pockets with the mechanism shown
in my said Patent No. 18,444, it will be seen that I have considerably simplified
the means for effecting the requisite movements.
The means for shaking down the contents of the bag when it reaches the
positions over the pins ', does not differ materially from that shown in Fig. 18
of my Patent No. 18,444, except that in the present instance I have duplicated the
pins, so that the shaking down is performed twice in two successive positions of the
bag, the pins à performing the first shaking, and the pins the second shaking
operation. The pins are mounted on two spring plates 155 underneath, (Fig. 6)
and connected by links 156 to a lever 157 having a tooth acted on by an angular
toothed cam 158 on the shaft 61, (Fig. 2).
I will now describe the means for applying glue or other adhesive to the tops
or mouths of the bags preparatory to the top closing operation. The glue is
contained in the vessel 180, baving preferably a jacket 181 beneath it, by
admitting steam or other fluid to which the bath of adhesive material may be
kept warm. The glue plunger S has a vertical movement, descending first into
the mass of glue to the position shown at 1 in Fig. 30, then ascending to the
position shown at 2 in that figure, and there pausing both to permit the surplus
glue to drain off and run back into the bath, and also to permit a scraper S¹ to
move across the top of the plunger to remove the excess of glue from its glue-
applying faces or sections.
During this pause the scraper S¹ moves from the position shown in dotted lines
in Fig. 30, to that shown in full lines. The plunger then continues its upward
movement until it reaches the position shown at 3 in Fig. 30, or a slightly higher
position, where it applies the glue to the dabbers R. The plunger then. descends
and plunges, again beneath the bath of glue to its first position, after which the
scraper S moves over it to the position shown in dotted lines. The dabber R at
the instant of receiving glue occupies the position 4 in Fig. 30, its wings being
outstretched. After the plunger commences to descend, this dabber moves to the
left in this figure at the same time that its wings swing toward each other, until it
reaches the position shown in dotted lines at 5. It then commences to descend and
moves down until its center is in the position 6, the wings being still open, and one
of them being entered within the mouth of the bag and the other outside,
whereupon its two wings move together as shown, and press the paper between
them, thereby applying to it the glue they have taken from the plunger. The
wings then partly open, and the dabber moves back to the position 5 and then
returns to position 4, its wings completing their opening movement.
The plunger S carries sections or glue-applying portions s¹ to s already referred
to. In the construction shown the plunger is formed as an arm projecting from a
vertical rod 182, which itself forms the downward continuation of a slide 183
mounted to move vertically. This slide is best shown in Figs. 2 and 7. It is
connected by a link 184 with a lever 185 (see Fig. 7), pivoted at 186 and
carrying a roller engaged by the groove of a cam 187 on the transverse shaft 55.
By means of this cam the described vertical movements are imparted to the
plunger.
The scraper S¹ is constructed with a frame or bar 190, to which the scraping
plates 191 for the respective glue sections are fastened (see Figs. 5, 31 and 32).

page_text: The bar 190 is fixed on one end of a slide 192 (Fig. 31) moving in suitable ways
on a fixed frame, and connected by a link 193.to a lever 194 turning on a vertical
axis 195, and the other arm 196 of which is connected by a link 197 to a lever 198
(Fig. 32) currying a roller which works in the cam-groove of a cam 199 on the
transverse shaft 61.
The glue dabbers R R (lettered respectively R' R2 and R³) are all of
substantially like construction (see Fig. 29), their construction being shown in
detail in Figs. 25 to 28, which show the dabber R'. Each dabber is pivoted on a
.fixed stud 201. fastened to a carrying frame or bracket 211. On this stud is a
rotative sleeve 202, formed at one end with a pinion 203, and having fixed on its
other end the hub 204, which has an arm carrying one of the wings or glue
fingers r. Another sleeve 205 is mounted to turn freely on the sleeve 202, and
is formed at one end with a pinion 206, while at its other end it has an arm
carrying the. other wing r of the dabber. The two pinions are engaged on
opposite sides by racks 213 and 216 respectively projecting from a slide 207
(Fig. 28) mounted to slide in vertical ways as shown in Fig. 26, in the bracket 211.
By moving the slide upward the wings are thrown out to the position shown in
Fig. 27, or in dotted linee in Fig. 28, or by moving the slide downward the wings
are turned down and toward each other, as shown in Figs. 25 and 26.
The wings are provided with projections wherever it is desired to apply the glue,
these projections being tinted in Fig. 24. I prefer to apply glue in a succession of
dots, rather than in a continuous stripe or band. For this purpose I arm the glue-
applying faces of the wings with a succession of small projections as shown, the
opposite wing being formed with projections coincident with them, (w
(which may be
of elastic rubber) and which serve to press the paper which is grasped between the
wings (Fig. 26). against these glue-applying projections. Referring to Figs. 24
and, 29 (in which latter the glue-applying tips only are shown in dotted lines), the
wings and are constructed to apply a rectangular series of dots of glue against
the inside of the bag, in the positions shown on the bag in Fig. 23; the wings
and are provided with only a single glue-applying tip, lettered 208 in Fig. 24,
which serve to apply glue to the outer sides of the bag in the positions marked 209
in Fig. 53., The wing is provided with projecting tips adapted to apply a
gridiron figure of dots of glue to the inside of the back flap of the bag.
The three dabbers R R are all carried by one frame 200, which is constructed
generally of a horizontal plate 210 having three upright brackets 211 fastened
beneath it, each of these brackets serving to support one of the dabber studs 201,
and providing ways for guiding the rack slide 207. The plate 210 (Fig. 23°) is
mounted to slide horizontally between ways 216 formed in brackets 212 projecting
from opposite sides of an upright slide 214, (Fig. 23") movable in vertical ways 215
(Figs. 23, 2 and 5) carried on the fixed frame of the machine.
The bodily movement of the dabbers from the position 4 in Fig. 30 to the
position 5, is effected by a horizontal sliding movement of the slide 200. The
bodily movement from the position 5 in Fig. 30 to 6, is effected by a vertical
movement of the slide 214. The slide 200 is operated from a cam 217 (Fig. 23^)
the groove in which engages a roller carried on a lever 218, fulcrumed on a
stud 219, the opposite arm of which lever connects by a link 220 with the plate 210
of the slide. The slide 214 is moved up and down by means of a cam 221 (Fig. 2)
on the shait 57, the groove in this cain engaging a roller carried on a lever 222,
the opposite arm of which connects by a link 223 with the slide. The opening and
closing movements of the wings being effected as already described by the vertical
movement of the rack slides 207 relatively to the slide 200, the following described
mechanism is provided for operating these rack slides. The three slides are
connected to a cross-bar,224, to which is connected a link 225 (Fig. 23) pivoted to
the end of a lever 226, pivoted at 227 to the slide 200, and connected by another
link 228 to one arm of a lever 229 fulcrumed at 219, the other arm of which
.carries a roller which is engaged by the cam-groove in a cam 230 (Fig. 23) on the
shaft 55. This latter cam is shaped so as to impart to the rack slides the proper

page_text: vertical movements to maintain the requisite relation to the horizontal and vertical
movements of the slide 200, necessary to impart the proper swinging motions to
the wings, as shown in Fig. 30. It results from these mechanisms that the three
dabbers R R move simultaneously, all standing in the position 4, (Fig. 30) with
their wings open to receive glue from the plunger S, and then all partly closing
and descending into the bags, and then completing their closing movements so as to
apply the glue to the bags, the first dabber R' applying the glue to the left side or
flap of one bag, the second dabber R' applying it to the right side or flap of 'a
second bag, and the third dabber R' applying it to the rear side or flap of a third
bag. Thus each bag in its progress has all three of its sides or flaps gummed in
three successive positions.
I will now describe the mechanism for closing the top of the bag. This
mechanism in its general features resembles that shown in my said Patent
No. 18,444, but differs therefrom in the omission of means for applying paste to
the triangular wings j, since glue is already applied thereto in the positions, 209
(Fig. 53). The slide T' carrying the folding blade T, is connected by a link 231
to a lever 232 turning on an upright shaft 233, and carrying on its opposite arm a
roller engaged by the groove in a cain 234 (Fig. 33) on the upright shaft 53. The
swinging movements of the blade T are imparted to it through the medium of a
link 235 connected to a slide 236 (Fig. 35), which is connected by a link 237 to a
lever 238, turning on a vertical shaft 239, and carrying on its opposite arm a roller
engaged by the cam-groove in a cam 240 (Fig. 36). The two cams 234 and 240
are so shaped as to impart to the respective slides T' and 236 such relative
movements as are requisite to impart the described longitudinal and swinging
movements to the folding blade T. The wing folders U U are formed as heretofore
on the ends of oscillatory shafts 245 having bearings in the longitudinal slide 241,
which is connected by a link 242 (Fig. 37) to a lever 243 turning on the shaft 233,
and carrying a roller which is engaged by the cam-groove in a cam 244 on the
same shaft 53. The said oscillatory shafts are formed as heretofore as elongated
pinions, and these pinions are engaged by racks on a transverse slide 246 moving
in stationary slideways, and connected by a link 247 (Fig. 38) to a lever 248
turning on the shaft 239, and carrying on its opposite arm a roller engaged by the
cam-groove in a cam 249 on the shaft 53. By the co-operation of these two
cains 244 and 249, the wing folders U U are given the described longitudinal and
oscillatory movements. The opposite folding blade V is carried on a spring
plate 250 (Fig. 34) fastened to a slide 251, which moves longitudinally in stationary
ways, the plate 250 tending to spring upwardly from its surface, and the extent of
its upward movement being adjustable by a stop-nut 252. For moving the
slide 251, it is connected by a link 253 to an elbow lever 254, the opposite arm of
which is jointed to a connecting rod 255 (Fig. 34) which extends upwardly, and its
upper end is jointed as shown in Fig. 344, to an elbow-lever 256 pivoted at 257,
and having a roller on its upper arm which is engaged by the cam-groove in a
cam 258 on the shaft 55. The vertically-moving plunger W is connected to the
lower end of a slide 260 (Fig. 34) the upper end of which is shown in Fig. 34B,
being connected by a link 261 with a lever 262, pivoted at 263, and having a roller
engaged by the cam-groove in a cam 264 on the shaft 55. The yielding table i on
which the bag rests, is mounted on a vertically moving slide 265 (Figs. 34 and 40),
this slide having a laterally projecting arm 266, through which passes an adjusting
screw 267, having a stop shoulder 268, against which shoulder the arm 266 strikes
when the plate is fully pressed up by the spring 269 on which it is seated, through
the medium of the slide and arm against which the spring presses. By turning
and adjusting hand wheel 270, motion is communicated through mitre gears to
the screw 267, for screwing it up or down to thereby raise or lower the stop
shoulder 268, and thereby vary the height to which the table may be pressed up
by the spring.
The mechanism for plunging down the completed package and thrusting it into
the conveyer conduit A' will now be described. The two plungers X and Y

page_text: are mounted on vertically moving slides arranged in line one above the other. The
plunger X is mounted on the slide 275 (Fig. 41), which is connected by a link 276
to a lever 277 (Fig. 414), pivoted on a stud 278 and carrying on its opposite arm a
roller engaged by the cam-groove of a cam 279 on the shaft 56 (see Figs. 41
and, 7). The plunger Y is mounted on a slide 280, shown in dotted lines in Figs. 41
and 42, which slide is connected by a link 281 to a lever 282 (Fig. 41), pivoted on
a stud 283 and carrying a roller engaged by the cam-groove in a cam 284 on the
transverse shaft 61. The pusher Z is mounted on an angular arm or plate 290
fixed on a slide 291 (Fig. 6), moving in guideways in line with the conveyor A
The plate 290 has a recess or opening. 292, large enough when the pusher is
advanced to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 42 to enable the plunger Y
to ascend through this space. The slide 291; is operated through a connecting
link 293 and lever 294, pivoted on a vertical stud 295 (Fig. 6) and having on its
opposite arm a roller engaged by the groove in a cam 296 on the shaft 54. The
oams 279 and 296 impart simple reciprocating movements to the plunger X and
pusher Z respectively, while the cam 284 imparts to the plunger Y a long dwell in
its lowest position (Fig. 42),-during which the pusher Z pushes the package out
from between the plungers and into the' conduit, and then raises it to its highest
position (Fig. 41), holding it stationary there for a short time while the pusher Z
moves back, and then moving it down coincidently with the descent of the
plunger X. The slide 280 of the plunger Y is arranged to one side of the path of
the pusher Z, to admit of the retraction of the latter while the plunger Y is
elevated. These successive movements are those which admit of the best timing
of the parts, but it would be within my invention to so modify the cams as to
cause the pusher Z to advance and retract' before the plunger Y commences to
ascend.
The conveyer chains n are carried over sheaves or idler pulleys 297 at one end,
and, driving pulleys 298 at the other (Fig. 41), the latter pulleys being mounted
on. a, shaft 299, on which is fixed a sprocket wheel 300, shown in dotted lines in
Fig. 41, driven by a chain 301, shown also for clearness in dotted lines, from a
sprocket wheel 302 on an oblique shaft 303, which is driven through a universal
coupling 304, or any equivalent connection (Fig. 6) from a shaft 305 carrying a
sprocket wheel 306, which is driven by a chain 307 from a sprocket' wheel 308 on
the transverse shaft 61. The sprocket wheels 309 (Fig. 41) serve to lift the
chains n out of the way of the shaft 303, as well as to take up any slack in these
chains, by adjusting these wheels higher or lower by means of an adjustable
bracket 310 on which they are carried. The belt p forming the top of the
,conveyer, is carried at one end over a driving pulley 311, and at the other end
over an idler 312, Fig. 41, another idler 313 being arranged close to the driving
pulley to wrap the belt closely around it and give it the requisite adhesion. The
pulley 311 is fixed on a shaft 314, on which is fixed a sprocket wheel 315, driven
by means of a chain 316 (Fig. 4) from a sprocket wheel 317 fixed on the driving
shaft 299, the chain 316 being carried partly around this latter sprocket wheel by
means of an idler sprocket wheel 318 beneath, whereby the shaft 314 is revolved
in the contrary direction to the shaft 299 which drives it.
All the active parts of the machine are supported by a stationary frame or
framework, which requires no description, being clearly shown in the drawings.
One feature of my present invention it has been found impracticable to show
in its correct proportion in the drawings, and I have therefore prepared two
.schematic views, Figs. 55 and 56, wherein this feature is shown upon a sufficiently
exaggerated scale to render it perceptible. The stationary table O, around which
the bags are caused to slide by the movement of the pockets, has heretofore been
made exactly horizontal, so that during the entire rotation of the pockets, the
'table stood. at the, same, distance beneath them. I now mount the table O so that
it stands spirally, somewhat as indicated in Fig. 55, although the divergence from
the horizontal is there much exaggerated. In fact in a machine wherein the table
has a diameter of seven feet, and in which the bags are of the proper size for

page_text: holding each two pounds of sugar, the table is arranged three-eighths inch lower
at the location where the bags are plunged down into the pockets, than it is at the
location where the bag is filled with material from the chute. The effect of this
construction can be best understood with reference to Fig. 56, which shows a
development of the pockets and table in a straight line. At the entering end the
bag is thrust down until its bottom rests upon the table, as shown at the right in
this figure, and as the pockets advance, the bag, moving toward the left, slides
continually onto a higher portion of the table, so that while the bag is grasped
frictionally by the pocket, which remains contracted upon it, the table, exerts an
upward pressure against the bottom of the bag which serves to press the bottom
flaps constantly into closer contact, and thereby materially facilitates the cementation
of the pasted or glued seams of the bag bottom.. Essentially this inclination of
the table should continue until the bags are released just after being filled from
the chute Q, any further inclination after the release of the filled bags being
without effect upon them.
I have described the table O as though it were a continuous annular plate.. In
practice, however, I interrupt this plate at 320 (Fig. 6), that is to say, in the
position occupied by the bag while being filled with material, providing for the
support of the bag two bars or rails 321, on which the bags may slide, and by
which they are supported. This construction provides ample openings by means
of which, in case of any defective bag, the sugar or other material is permitted to
leak through, and the leakage falls below the plate instead of accumulating on its
surface where it might cause difficulty. The two bars or rails 321 afford an ample,
support for the bag, and prevent any bulging or distortion of its triangular bottom'
flaps. Where the pins are arranged, the plate or table is restored in the form
of a plate 322, onto which the bags may drop when released by the descent of the,
pins in their vibration. From this plate around to the plate i, the bags ride on a
single supporting rail 323, which is carried on brackets 324 from a portion of the
fixed framework. Thus except for the plates 322 and i, the bag from the moment'
it is filled, is supported on mere narrow rails, so that any leakage of material from
the bags in case they are torn or defective, can do no harm.
In Fig. 22 is shown a brush 325 of suitably stiff bristles, arranged between two
pockets to sweep the surface of the table O, and thereby remove any grit, or any
particles of the material being packed that may find their way onto this table...
One or more of these brushes may be provided, or a brush may be introduced
between every pair of pockets.
The applying of paste at (Fig. 47) is for the purpose of cementing together,
the inner layers of the triangular flaps d d of the bag bottom, where the space
between these layers communicates with the interior of the bag, so that the sugar.
or other material being packed would sift into this space if the flap were not sealed
by means of these paste extensions.
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 56 Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.
:
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bag Making and Packaging Machines.
i
I, HENRY EYSTER SMYSER, residing in Germantown, City. of Philadelphia,'
State of Pennsylvania, United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to machines for making bags or receptacles, automatically

page_text: mining them with a weighed or measured charge of material, and closing or sealing
them to form a completed package. Machines of this character have been already
disclosed in the following Letters Patent granted to me, viz. :-No. 5,589 of
31 March, 1891, No. 18,444 of 3 October, 1893.
In the machines covered by my said patents, the charge of material to be
packaged is weighed or measured by one mechanism, which delivers successive
charges at stated intervals into a supply chute. The open-mouthed bags or
receptacles are made by another set of mechanisms. As each one is completed it
is filled with a charge of the material. The top of the package is then folded
down to make a sealed package by another set of mechanisms.
In my said machines the open-mouthed bag is immediately on its completion
filled with the charge of material and its top then almost immediately closed. This
system has been successfully employed for packaging unground coffee, and is
applicable to numerous other materials. But for sugar, salt and other hygro-
scopic materials, it is inadmissible by reason of the moisture that is imparted to
the bags by the application of the paste or other adhesive material thereto, which
moisture affects the hygroscopic material being packed, causing a partial dissolving
and consequent caking of the outer portions thereof most nearly adjacent to the
pasted seams. One object of my present invention is to overcome this disadvantage
and provide a packaging machine applicable for the automatic packing of sugar
and other hygroscopic substances.
Another object of my invention is to adapt the machine to the use of glue
instead of paste as the cementing material for closing the mouth of the bag,
as well as for cementing other parts thereof. My invention also introduces
numerous other improvements applicable generally to packing or packaging
machines.
The preferred embodiment of my present invention is illustrated in the drawings
accompanying my Provisional Specification.
In those drawings to which I will refer,-
Fig. 1 is a front end elevation of the machine;
Fig. 2 is an elevation of the right hand side;
Fig. 3 is a rear elevation;
Fig. 4 is a longitudinal mid-section taken generally on the line 4-4 in Figs. 1,
3; 5 and 6;
Fig. 5 is a sectional plan cut on the line 5-5 in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4;
Fig. 6 is a sectional plan cut on a lower plane as indicated by the dotted
lines 6-6 in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4;
Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation looking from the front and in section cut in the
planes indicated by the lines 7-7 in Figs. 4, 5 and 6;
Fig. 7 shows a cam, lever and link which are more or less concealed in
Fig. 7;
Fig. 8 is a plan of the pasting mechanism and adjacent parts separated from the
rest of the machine;
Fig. 9 is a vertical section of the pasting mechanism alone cut on the line 9-9
in Fig. 8;
Fig. 10 is a similar section showing the parts in a different position;
Fig. 11 (Sheet 1) is a transverse section on the line 11 in Fig. 4 or 11-11 in
Fig. 5;
Fig. 12 is a fragmentary vertical longitudinal section viewed from the left
showing the mechanism for closing and gumming the bottom of the bag, the plane
of the section being substantially the same as that of Fig. 4;
Fig. 12 shows a cam which is hidden in Fig. 12;
Fig. 13 is a vertical transverse section looking from the rear cut on the
line 13-13 in Fig. 12. and showing part of the bottom closing mechanism;
Figs. 14 to 18 inclusive are enlarged fragmentary views showing the bottom
closing mechanism in different positions, Figs. 14, 15, 154 and 15 being vertical
lougitudinal sections' viewed from the right hand side of the machine and cut

page_text: approximately on the line 15-15 in Fig. 16; Fig. 16 being a horizontal section;
and Figs. 17 and 18 being more complete sections in the same plane as Figs. 15
to 15B, and in substantially the same plane as Fig. 12, although looking in the
contrary direction;
Figs. 19 and 20 are front elevations of the bottom gumming mechanisms,
detached, and Fig. 20 a side elevation of part thereof;
Fig. 21 is a fragmentary horizontal section taken in a slightly lower plane than
Fig. 6;
Fig. 21 shows a cam which is concealed in Fig. 21;
Fig. 22 (Sheet 9) is a vertical radial cross-section through the bag carrier
between two pockets, as denoted by the line 22-22 Fig. 33;
Fig. 23 is a sectional elevation of the mechanism for gumming or glueing the
top of the bag, viewed from the front of the machine, and cut approximately in
the plane of the lines 23-23 in Figs. 5 and 2;
Fig. 23 shows a cam hidden in Fig. 23;
Figs. 23 and 23° are sectional elevations of two slides shown in Fig. 23;
Fig. 24 is an inverted plan or underside view of the three dabbers or glue
fingers for applying glue to the top or mouth of the bag;
Fig. 25 is a vertical section through one of these dabbers taken on the line 25-25
in Fig. 24;
Fig. 26 is an oblique elevation, being a front view of the dabber shown in
Fig. 25, the view looking in the direction of the arrow 26 in Fig. 24;
Fig. 27 is a horizontal section on the line 27-27 in Fig. 25, the dabber however
being in different position with its wings extended;
Fig. 28 is a sectional elevation answering to Fig. 26 showing the sliding rack in
elevation and the two dabber pinions in section in the planes of the line 28-28-in
Fig. 27;
Fig. 29 is an illustrative plan of the top gumming mechanism, the parts being
somewhat rearranged to show the respective positions and successive movements of
the dabbers;
Fig. 30 is an illustrative sectional elevation of the top gumming mechanism
showing the glue vessel in section and the successive positions of the plunger,
scraper and dabbers in full and dotted lines;
Fig. 31 is a plan and Fig. 32 is an elevation looking from the front, of the
scrapers and their operating mechanism;
Fig. 33 is a sectional plan of the mechanism for folding in or closing the top of
the bag, showing incidentally in plan a portion of the bag carrier;
Fig. 34 is a vertical section of the top closing mechanism taken on the line 34-34
in Fig 33;
Figs. 34 and 34B show cams and levers for operating portions of the top closing
mechanism;
Fig. 35 is a fragmentary side elevation showing part of the top closing
mechanism;
Fig. 36 is a plan of Fig. 35 with part of the operating mechanism ;
Fig. 37
a plan of another portion of the top closing mechanism;
Fig. 38 is a further fragmentary plan of this mechanism;
Fig. 39 is a diagrammatic view showing the successive movements of the first
folding blade of the top closing mechanism;
Fig. 40 is a fragmentary sectional front elevation of part of the top closing
mechanism viewed in the direction of the arrow 40 in Fig. 34;
Fig. 41 is an oblique longitudinal section in the plane of the line 41-41 in
Fig. 6, showing the mechanism for lowering the completed package and for drying
it and conveying it out of the machine;
Fig. 41 is a fraginentary elevation viewed nearly at right angles to Fig. 41,
showing the cam mechanism for operating one of the plungers;
Fig. 41 is a fractional detail view of the frame t shewn in Fig. 41.

page_text: in a different position;
farger state the fight and portion OL
Fig. 43 is a cross-section of the package-conveying conduit on the line 43-43
in Fig. 42;
Fig. 44 is a cross-section thereof on the line 44-44 in Fig. 41;
Fig. 45 is a perspective view of the several shafts and gears of the machine
isolated from the remaining parts;
Fig. 46 is a diagrammatic plan view illustrating the course of the bags and
packages through the machine, and indicates the positions where the several.
operations are performed upon them;
Fig. 47 shows the pasted sheet of paper from which the bag is made;
Figs. 48 and 49 are horizontal sections through the former and folders, showing
the operation of folding the paper around the former;
Fig. 50 is a perspective view illustrating the first step in the folding in of the.
bottom of the bag;
Fig. 51 is a similar perspective view showing a later stage in the folding of the
bottom;
Fig. 52 is a perspective view showing the open-mouthed bag completed;
Fig. 53 is a perspective view showing the folding in of the top, and Fig. 54 is a
perspective view of the closed package;
Fig. 55 is an illustrative front elevation, and Fig. 56 is a development of the
circularly arranged pockets and table in a straight line.
I will first describe the operations performed in making the bag and in filling
and completing the package, with reference to the parts of the machine which
immediately act upon the bag or package, and independently of the mechanisms for
operating these parts, which mechanism I will describe later.
Referring to Fig. 47, a is a sheet of paper to which paste is applied at 6 b¹, and
which is destined to be folded on the dotted lines. The paste applied at 6' is
extended beyond the width of the bag at b. A pile of sheets of paper is
placed on a table A (Fig. 5), and the sheets are one at a time pasted and lifted
off from this pile by means of pasting lifters B B (Fig. 4). These lifters revolve
intermittently around a vertical shaft B', and have descending and ascending
movements between their intermittent rotative movements. The lifter descends
against a plate C (Figs. 5 and 8) which is coated with paste, and the projecting
portions of the face of the lifter (corresponding to the pasted portions 66 in
Fig. 47) take paste therefrom; the lifter then rises, swings rotatively over the
able A, and descends upon the pile of paper, applying the paste to the uppermost
sheet a, and then reascends lifting this sheet with it by means of the paste; it
then rotates and descends upon a table D, against which it presses the paper to
transfer the paste effectively thereto; it then renscends and again rotates until it
stands over a tilting table or matrix E, and descends upon it, this table standing
horizontally at this time, (see Fig. 8) thereby laying the sheet of paper flat ou
this table. A stripper c (Figs. 4 and 7) descends and holds the paper against, the
table while the lifter B rises, so that the paper is disengaged from the lifter, and
the latter then rotates to again come over the paste plate C. The stripper c rises,
leaving the sheet of paper lying on the table E. This table then tilts (see Fig. 4)
until it stands vertically, and at the same time moves forward, bringing the sheet
of paper against an upright tubular former F. The yielding middle section e of
the table holds the paper clamped against the former, while by the continued
advance of the table the sides of the sheet are turned around against the sides of the
former, as shown in Fig. 48. During this movement the middle section e remains
stationary, the movement being taken up by the compression of its springs e
The table stops in the position shown in Fig. 49, and a folding blade G (Fig. 48)
then advances and turns down one side or flap of the paper, whereupon à folding
roller G¹ then advances and turns down the other flap of the paper (on which is
the paste b Fig. 47) laying it upon the first, and rolling repeatedly over the lap or
seam, as shown in Fig. 49, so as to unite the pasted surfaces to form the upright

page_text: seam of the bag. The tilting table E then moves back, leaving the paper wrapped
around the former as a square tube, held by the roller G' (see a' Fig. 12). The
tube, lettered a', is shown in this condition on the former in Fig. 12.
The bottom of the tube must then be folded in to form a bag bottom. The
portion of paper which projects beneath the former is first acted upon by a swinging
folder H hinged to a slide H. This folder moves in the manner shown in Fig. 14
from the position 1 advancing (see Fig. 15) to position 2, where it has begun to
act on the paper (see Fig. 154), and continuing to advance until it has turned up
the first fold forming the bag bottom, and has swung up to approximately a
horizontal position as shown at 3 in Fig. 14 (see also Fig. 15), after which it
draws back to position 4 and swings down to position 1 ready for the next operation.
This first folding blade thus turns up the first fold of the bag bottom, as shown in
Fig. 50. Following it in its advance are two wing folders I I, which enter cach
side of it immediately after it has reached the position 3. They are shown as
entering in Fig. 15. While entering they are turned toward each other as shown
in the end view Fig. 13. When fully entered these wing folders swing outwardly
or away from each other, as shown in Fig. 51, thereby drawing down the pasted
flap of paper and forming the side flaps into triangular ears or wings d d. At the
same time another folding blade or plate J advances from the opposite side to the
first folding blade H, and lays down the second or pasted flap upon the first flap-
After the wing folders I I have begun to swing outwardly, and while the folding
blade J is advancing, the first folder H moves back from position 3 to 4 (Fig. 14)
sufficiently in advance of the blade J to avoid being smeared with paste from the
pasted flap. While the triangular flaps or wings d are held turned out by the
wing folders 11, two glue dabbers K K swing up and apply dots of glue (or paste
or other cement) to these wings in the positions d d (Figs. 51 and 16), and then
immediately swing back. Thereupon the wing folders I swing inwardly, turning
in the wings d d, the blade J remaining in place to hold the bag bottom flat and
prevent crumpling of the paper until these wings have been turned beyond the
vertical, whereupon the blade J slides back out of engagement with the bag. The
wing folders II turn the triangular wings inward to about the extent indicated in:
Fig. 17, and hold them there until a plunger M, which meanwhile has been
ascending, comes in contact with them, as shown in Fig. 17, so as to keep them from.
flying outwardly again, whereupon the wing folders II are retracted, sliding out
of the wings and moving back to the position shown in Fig. 18, after which the
folding blade H swings down from the position 4 to 1 (Fig. 14). As soon as the
wing folders have moved out of the way, the plunger M completes its ascent,
thereby folding up the wings d d flat against the second flap of the bag bottom,
and squeezing the bag bottom tightly against a plunger which is within the
former and forms the temporary bottom of the latter. This squeezing of the
bag bottom causes the paste and the glue applied at d d to adhere and firmly
cement together the flaps of the bag bottom, thereby completing the open-mouthed
bag as shown in Fig. 52. The roller G' which has held the upright seam until.
this instant then rolls off the former.
The bag a² thus made requires to be removed from the former and forced down
into one of a series of carrying pockets N (Figs. 4 and 5) beneath. To effect
this, the plungers L and M move down simultaneously (as soon as the roller G¹ has
released the bag) holding the bag bottom pinched between them, thus drawing the
bag from the former, and carrying it down into the pocket to the position shown
in Fig. 18. The pocket N is then slightly contracted to grasp the bag, and the
plunger L then rises out of the bag to its position within the former.
The pockets N N are arranged circularly around an intermittently revolving
wheel or carrier P, which moves step by step to bring each time an empty pocket
into position under the former to receive a completed bag. The pockets are made
to contract and expand so as to grasp the bag or release it. In the construction
shown this is effected by making the inner or rear wall of each pocket movable.
The pockets, which are open-mouthed, move in a circular path over an annular

page_text: table or ring O (Fig. 6). This table has a hole through which the plunger M
works. As the pockets advance, the bags are caused to slide around over this
table. The pockets are made with their outer sides open, as shown in Fig. 33,
being closed by coming against a stationary wall 9, which is or may be made
hollow as shown at g' in Fig. 23, to form a steam or hot air jacket to warm or heat
the outer sides of the bags. This jacket may be made steam tight, or it may have
steam pipes carried through it, the latter construction being shown in Fig. 23.
The longitudinal pasted seams of the bags being turned against the open outer
sides of the pockets come against this heated wall, and are dried. For also drying
the pasted or glued seams in the bottoms of the bags, the table O is provided for
a part of its circumference with a steam or hot air jacket O', shown in dotted
lines in Fig. 6, and in section in Fig. 22. To give ample time for the thorough
drying of the pasted seams in the sides and bottoms of the bags, the bags are
carried for a considerable time in the pockets before being filled. In the
construction shown, where 48 pockets are employed, empty bags in the course of
being dried are contained in about 33 of the pockets, which in a machine making
about 21 packages per minute, has been found to give ample time for the thorough
drying of the bags, each bag being thus afforded about 90 seconds for drying.
When the bag reaches the filling position, it is filled with a charge of material
which is dumped into it through a hopper and chute Q (Figs. 2 and 5). The
pocket supports the bag against the bursting strain due to the sudden flow of the
material into it.
Before
Each bag after being filled as it reaches the position over pins hh, has its
contents thoroughly shaken down by the bag being successively lifted and dropped
by the pins, which move rapidly up and down through holes in the table.
being thus shaken, the bag is released from the grasp of the pocket by the pocket
teing expanded.
.
Glue (or other adhesive substance) is then applied to the top portions or mouths
of the tags in suitable locations adapted to cement the flaps of the top when
folded in. Each bag is first gummed on its left side (see Fig. 46) by means of the
Bwinging or folding wings or fingers of a dabber R', (Fig. 29) which wings
take glue from the glue plates or sections respectively of a glue plunger S
(see Fig. 29), and carry the glue to the bag, applying it in appropriate positions
on the outer and inner surfaces of the bag. The wings, which are open when
receiving glue from the plunger, close together and embrace the bag between them
in the manner shown in Fig 26. On advancing to a further position, the bag is
gummed on its right side (see Fig. 46). This is done by the wings of a
dabber R2 receiving glue from the sections ss respectively of the glue plunger S.
The wings of the dabbers R' R2 embrace the sides of the bag between them, as
shown in the upper part of Fig. 29. On advancing to a further position (see
Fig. 46) the bag has its rear side gunmed by the wing of a dabber R³, which
takes glue from the sections of the plunger S, (see Fig. 29). In applying this
glue to the bag, the wings of this dabber embrace the bag between them as
shown in the upper part of Fig. 29.
The bag on being carried to a further position (see Fig. 46) has its top closed by
mechanism shown in Figs. 33 to 40. In this position the bag rests on a yielding
table or plate i (Figs. 6, 34 and 40). On reaching this position the pocket N is
slightly contracted so as to press against the bag. To close the top of the bag,
its outer or first flap, which is not gummed, is first folded in and laid down
flat upon the mass of material by a folder consisting of a swinging folding
blade T (Figs. 34, 35 and 36), mounted on a slide T, and which executes the
movements shown in Fig. 39, advancing from position 1, through position 2
to 3. This combined advancing and swinging down movement of the blade,
folds or tucks in the paper without risk of tearing it. Following the blade T,
two wing folders U U (Figs. 33 and 37) enter the mouth of the bag by sliding
forward each side of the blade T, and then swing outwardly, thereby drawing
the right and left sides of the top of the bag into triangular ears or wings jj

page_text: (Fig. 53). In so doing the back flap of the bag is drawn down upon the first
or front flap as shown in Fig. 53, the first folding blade T being retracted'
(from position 3 to 4 in Fig. 39) in time to avoid being smeared with glue from the
back flap. As the folding blade T recedes, a folding blade V on the opposite side-
of the bag enters and moves over the back flap, laying it down on the front flap.
This folder V is movable vertically to a slight extent and carries a roller (see-
Fig. 34). When it is thus moved over the top of the bag, a plunger or presser W
then moves down against the roller 1, thereby pressing down the blade V in order
to slightly press down and flatten the top of the package. While the blade V
remains thus pressed down, the wing folders U U swing inwardly, carrying the
triangular wings jj inward and folding the paper against the outer edges of the
blade V. Thereupon the blade V is retracted, and when the folders U U have
turned in toward each other sufficiently to nearly lay down the triangular wings.
upon the top of the bag, the plunger W again moves downward, and as soon as it.
has moved far enough to catch the wings and prevent them from flying upwardly.
again by reason of the stiffness of the paper, the folders U U are retracted, sliding
out of the flaps, and as they pass out of the way the plunger W continuing its.
descent presses down the flaps upon the top of the package, completing it as shown:
in Fig. 54. In so doing it may more or less press down the package on the
yielding table i, which thereby compensates for any irregularity in the height of
the packages. The wings are cemented down by the glue applied at 209, Fig. 53.
The descent of the plunger W serves to crease the paper and thereby prevent the
wings from flying up again. The plunger W then rises out of the way to admit of
the next bag coming under it, at the next movement of the pocket.
The next movement of the pocket carries the completed package a³ to the
position (see Fig. 46) where it is plunged down out of the pocket. In this position.
it stands as shown in Fig. 41, between two plungers X and Y, mounted to move-
vertically. The location of the plunger Y is shown in Fig. 6. The plunger X
stands elevated sufficiently to permit the package to pass freely under it even if
its wings jj have somewhat sprung up (see Fig. 55). The plunger X then descends.
and its first movement again presses down the wings j flat upon the top of the
package; and that instant the plunger Y commences to descend, and the two
plungers X and Y then move downward simultaneously, carrying the package a³-
between them out of the pocket N and into the position shown in Fig. 42..
The plungers dwell in this position while a pusher Z pushes the package out.
from between the two plungers and into a conveyer trunk or conduit A. The
roof or top plate m of this conduit engages the top of the package as soon as..
the latter is pushed out from under the plunger X, so that the top wings have
no opportunity to fly up, if not yet cemented down by the setting of the glue..
The pusher Z moves as far as the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 42,.
thereby bringing the package onto a conveyer belt n best constructed as a
series of chains, and underneath a belt p (Figs. 42, 43 and 44). When the.
pusher Z has carried the package out from under the plunger X, the latter
reascends to permit the next movement of the pocket N, and the plunger Y
also ascends, and after the latter has moved up out of the way of the pusher Z,.
this pusher moves back to its first position.
The successive packages a³ are carried along through the conveyer conduit A¹.
by resting on the travelling chains n beneath, and the belt p moves with them
at the same speed as the chains. The walls of the conduit are or may be.
provided with steam spaces 99 (Fig. 43) by which to keep the conduit heated.
and thereby warm the packages, and facilitate the drying and setting of the
glue used to close the tops of the packages. The conduit A¹ is made as a
closed conduit for the first part of its length, and afterward by being cut.
away at A (Fig. 41) it becomes an open conduit or trough. The belt P is
carried over the top of this trough by means of a series of rollers pl mounted.
between the side bars of a frame t, which is vertically movable, and is drawn
down to press the belt against the tops of the packages by springs (Figs. 41.

page_text: and 44). The frame is mounted on pins t¹ at one end, engaging upright slots
in the frame, as shown in Fig. 41. The packages are thus fed out in succession
between the chains n and belt p upon a delivery table u.
Having thus described the operations performed upon the bags and packages,
and the active parts or instrumentalities which directly perform these operations,
I will now proceed to describe in detail the specific construction of the various
parts of the apparatus, and the several mechanisms for imparting the requisite
movements to the active parts or tools.
The several shafts of the machine are best shown in Fig. 45. Power is
applied by a belt and pulleys or otherwise to a shaft 50, having worms 51, 51,
meshing with worm wheels 52, 52, on two vertical shafts 53 and 54 respectively.
These shafts communicate motion through mitre-gears to horizontal longitudinal
shafts 55 and 56 respectively which extend over the top of the machine, and
which drive shafts 57 and 58 respectively. The shaft 53 drives through mitre
gears a horizontal transverse shaft 59. The shaft 54 drives through mitre gears
a horizontal longitudinal shaft 60, and this in turn through mitre gears drives
a horizontal transverse shaft 61. All these shafts except shaft 50 turn at the
same speed, and each makes one revolution to each package that is completed
on the machine.
The construction of the paper receiving table A, and of the pasting lifters B B
and the cam mechanism for operating them, need not now be described, as they
are fully set forth in my said Patent No. 18,444 dated 3 October 1893, the only
important change being that the lifters B now revolve in the contrary direction.
The table A is carried on an arm 41 (Fig. 5) projecting from a slide 42, moved
up or down by a feed-screw 43 in fixed bearings. This screw, which elevates
the pile of paper in proportion as sheets are fed off, carries a ratchet-wheel 44,
turned by a pawl 45, pivoted on a lever 46, which is vibrated from a cam 47
through a lever 48 and link 49. My said patent also fully illustrates the
construction and operation of the tilting table or matrix E and its driving
mechanism, as well as of the strippere and its driving mechanism.
$
My present invention provides a new paste mechanism for applying paste to th
lifters B B. The paste is placed in an open-topped box or tank 62, (Figs. 5, 7, 8, 9
and 10) which may if desired have a steam jacket or chamber 63 beneath it, into
which to introduce steam or other heating medium in case it becomes necessary to
keep the paste warm. The paste-plate C is a horizontal plate mounted to move
up and down as
plunger. It descends to the position shown in dotted lines,
in Fig. 9, ascends thence to the position shown in full lines in that figure, and
Jauses in this position long enough to have the excess of paste scraped or rubbed
off from its surface by a scraping blade or arm 64, after which the plunger C
ascends to the position shown in Fig. 10, where it remains stationary while the
lifter B descends upon it and takes up paste from its surface, after which the paste
plate or plunger again descends into the body of paste. The scraper 64 moves or
swings over it while it is immersed in the paste to the position shown in dotted
lines in Fig. 8, and when the plunger rises to the position shown in full lines
in Fig. 9, the scraper then swings across it to the position shown in full lines
in Fig. 8. The paste-plate or plunger by descending beneath the level of the
paste at each stroke, is kept moist, and its surface coating of paste is continually
renewed, so that no opportunity is afforded for drying or caking. In the construction
shown, the plunger or plate C is carried by a vertical slide 65, which is connected
by a link 66 to a lever 67, which is fulcrumed at 68, and the shorter arm of which
carries a roller which is engaged by a cam 69 (Figs. 7 and 8) on the shaft 55. The
swinging arm or scraper 64 is mounted on the lower end of an oscillatory shaft 70,
to the upper part of which is fixed an arm 71 connected by a link 72 to a lever 73,
fulcrumed on a vertical shaft 75, and carrying a roller engaged by the cam-groove
in a cam 74 on the shalt 54 (see Figs. 5, 7 and 8).
The stripper c is mounted on a vertical slide 76 (Fig. 7) and operated through

page_text: a lever 77 from a cam (not shown) on the shaft 56, in the manner described in my
said patent.
The tilting table or matrix E is pivoted to a slide 78 (Figs. 4 and 11) which
slides longitudinally in suitable ways, being movel through a link 79 and
lever 80 (Fig. 4) from a cam (not shown) on the shaft 57. The tilting of the
table E is effected through the engagement of its erank-arm by a link 81 (Fig. 4)
with a lever 82 driven by a cam (not shown) on the shaft 57. These cams and
levers are fully described in my said patent.
The former F and the plungers L and M are of substantially the same
construction, and are moved by the same mechanism as shown in my said patent.
The plunger L is mounted on a vertical slide 83, guided in ways in the former F,
and connected by a link 84 (Fig. 4) to a lever overhead driven by a cim (at
shown) on the shaft 56. The plunger M is mounted un a vertical slide 86 (Fig. 4)
connected by a link 87 to a lever 88 fulcrummed on n stul 89, and having on its
short arm a roller engaged by a cam 90 on the shaft 59 (see Fig. 4). -
The folding blade G and roller G' are transposed relatively to the positio is
shown in my previous patent, but are otherwise unalterel. Their constraction and
the mechanism for operating them, are fully set forth in my said patent. They are
shown in dotted lines in Fig. 5, the blade G being carried on a horizontal slife 91
driven through a lever 911 from a cam 92 on the vertical shaft. 53. The roller G'
is carried on a horizontal slide 93 driven through a link 94 and lever 95 from a can
(not shown) on the vertical shaft 54.
I will now describe the mechanism for operating the folders for folding in
the bottom of the bag. The slide carrying the folder H is connected by a
link 96 (Fig. 12) to a lever 97 which is fulcrumed on the stud 89 and is driven
by a cam 98 (see Fig. 124), on the shaft 59. The swinging movements of the
folder H are imparted to it by a cam 101 (Fig. 12) through a link 99 and lever 100
fulcrumed on the stud 89.
The other folders for forming the bag bottom do not materially differ in their
construction and operation, or in the means for driving them, from those illustrated
in my said patent. The wing folders II are formed on oscillatory shafts mounted
in a slide 102, movable forward and back to give the advancing and retracting
movements to the folders. This slide is driven through a link 103 and lever 104
(Fig. 12) from a cam 105 (Fig. 1). To impart the oscillatory movements to the
folders, their shafts are formed as long pinions 106 which are engaged by transverse
racks formed on a slide 107 moving in stationary ways transversely of the slide 102,
and driven by being connected by a link 108 (Fig. 5) to a lever 109 fulcrumad oa
the vertical shaft 75 and driven by a cam 110 (Fig. 1). The back folding plate J
has a simple reciprocating movement, being mounted on a slide 111 (Figs. 12
and 4), which is connected by a link 112 to a lever 113 (Fig. 4), the upper arm of
which is acted upon by a cam (not shown) on the transverse shaft 57. The cams
and details not herein shown, are amply set forth in my said patent.
I will now describe the mechanism for applying glue to the bottom flaps of the
bags, consisting of the glue dabbers K K, and the means for operating them and
applying glue to them. Glue or other cement is placed in a glue box or vessel 115
(Figs. 4 and 12), being warmed if necessary by steam or other hot fluid admitted
to a jacket 116 surrounding this box. The glue is lifted by a plunger 117
moving vertically. This plunger descends to near the bottom of the glue box,
and ascends to a position somewhat above it, (Figs. 12 and 18), where it applies
the glue to the dabbers K, and afterwards descends into the mass of glue. The
plunger 117 projects horizontally from the bottom of a vertical slide 118 (see Figs. 1
and 19). This slide is connected by a link 119 to a lever 120 fulcrumed at 121,
and driven by a cam 122 on the shaft 56 (Fig. 19). The plunger 117 is provided
with two adjustable pins 123, preferably screwthreaded so that they may be set to
different heights in the plunger. These pins are arranged to come in contact with
the dabbers K K and constitute the direct glue-applying parts. The dabbers K. K

page_text: consist of swinging arms movable through approximately a half revolution, as shown
in Fig. 20. They might both be mounted on one oscillatory shaft, but as such shaft
would be in the way of the movement of the folder H, I preferably mount each on a
tubular sleeve 124 (Fig. 16), turning on a stud set in the fixed frame, as shown at the
right of Fig. 13. On each sleeve is fixed a pinion 125, engaged by a vertically
sliding rack 126. These racks are connected by links 127 (Fig. 20) to a lever 128
fulcrumed on the stud 121 (Fig. 1), and carrying a roller engaged by a cam 129
fixed on the shaft 56. The operation of these parts is as follows:-The plunger 117
ascends, rising out of the glue and carrying the glue up to the dabbers K while
the latter are in the position shown in Fig. 18, or in full lines in Fig. 204. The
plunger then moves down slightly (or the dabbers might lift slightly), and they
then dwell for an instant in this position to cause the breaking of the thread or
string of glue which is liable to be drawn between the dabbers and plunger. Then
the plunger descends into the glue again, while the dabbers swing forward at the
proper time to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 204, thereby applying the
glue to the out-turned triangular wings d of the bag bottom, as shown in Fig 16.
The dabbers then swing back to their first position, and the plunger again rises
and applies glue to them. By the dipping of the plunger beneath the surface of
the glue at each stroke, the latter is kept stirred and homogeneous, and the surface
of the plunger is continually remoistened, so that no drying or caking of the glue
upon the plunger can occur.
I will now describe the construction of the pockets N and the intermittently
revolving pocket wheel P, with the means for revolving the latter.
The wheel P (Fig. 4) is constructed with a ring or rim 130, connected by spokes
to a central hub 131, turning on a stationary vertical shaft 132 (Fig. 4). The top
of the ring 130 is flat (see cross-section Fig. 17) and on its top are bolted at
regular intervals castings 133 consisting of flat plates having side flanges 134 and
radial walls 135 (Fig. 33). These walls 135 form the side walls of the pockets N N
on opposite sides of the interposed casting. The pockets have no outer or front
walls, except so far as the stationary wall g serves as such. Their movable inner
or rear walls are formed as upright plates projecting each from a base plate or
slide 136. The slide 136 moves radially of the axis of rotation, sliding on the flat
top of the ring 130, and guided by the overhanging side flanges 134 of the
castings 133, 133 on its opposite sides. The construction thus described greatly
simplifies the making and assembling of the parts.
For intermittently driving the pocket wheel P, I employ the mechanism shown
best in Fig. 21. The ring 130 is notched on its underside with equidistant notches
or recesses 137, equal in number to the pockets. These notches are engaged by a
propelling bolt 138 and a fastening bolt 139. The former is mounted on a
slide 140, working in radial slideways in a vibrating arm 141, which turns freely,
on the shaft 132. This arm is vibrated by means of a link 142 and lever 143
pivoted on a stud 144, and carrying on its shorter arm a roller engaged by the cam-
groove in a cam 145 (Fig. 21) on the shaft 54. By this means the arm 141 is
swung from the position shown in full lines in this figure, to the position indicated
in dotted lines, the bolt 138 carrying forward the wheel P the distance from one
pocket to the next. The bolt 139 which slides in stationary ways 151, is then
pushed forward to engage one of the notches, and the bolt 138 is retracted. These
movements are effected by a cam 146 (Fig. 214), the groove of which engages a
roller carried on a lever 147 pivoted on a stud 148. One arm of this lever
connects by a link 149 with the bolt 139, while the other arm connects by a
link 150 with the slide 140 carrying the bolt 138. Thus the two bolts are
projected and retracted alternately, the one which is being projected always
entering its notch before the other one leaves the notch with which it has been
engaged. After the bolt 136 has been retracted, and the bolt 139 projected to
hold the wheel P stationary, the arm 141 is swung back to its first position, bringing
the bolt 138 into line with the next notch, whereupon this bolt is projected and the
bolt 139 is retracted ready for the next forward movement. The present

page_text: propelling mechanism differs from that shown in my Patent No. 18,444 in the
rearrangement of the mechanism whereby the bolt 138 works from the outside of
the wheel; also in the addition of the locking bolt 139 for holding the wheel
stationary during the backward movement of the propelling bolt, and in the
utilization of one cam and a two-armed lever for effecting simultaneously the
opposite longitudinal movements of the two boits. To admit of this utilization of
one cam, 1 provide a lost motion device through which the bolt 138 is operated,
so that the variation in distance between the slide 140 and lever 147 due to the
swing of the arm 141 is taken up. In the preferred coustruction shown, this lost
motion device consists of an open slot 152 in the end of the link 150, engaged
by a pin or stud 153 set in the end of the lever 147, the amount of lost
motion being regulated by the adjustment of a screw 154 passed through the
slotted end of the link. The swing of the arm 141 imparts sufficient end wise
movement to the link 150 to shift the stud 153 from one end of the slot to the
other, so that when the lever 147 is moved, it actuates both bolts simultaneously.
My present invention provides improved and simplified means for expanding
and contracting the pockets N, that is to say, for moving the rear walls fout or in.
The slide 136 of each pocket carrying the movable wall is formed with an
upwardly projecting tooth or lug 160 (see Figs. 33 and 18). The projecting
lugs 160 serve as means by which to engage and operate the pockets by the pocket-
expanding and contracting mechanisms. The first contraction of the pocket at the
moment that the newly made bag is plunged into it, is effected by means of a roller
or pusher 161 carried on a slide 162 (Figs. 12 and 4.) This slide is moved
longitudinally by means of a link 163 and lever 164 (Fig. 4), the latter pivoted to
a horizontal stud 165, and carrying on its upper arm a roller engaged by a
gfoove in a cam 166 fixed on the shaft 57. The same slide carries a pendent
finger or pusher 167 projecting on the opposite side of the lug 160 for expanding
the pocket. The operation is as follows: During the time that the pocket
wheel P is moving forward, the slide 162 stands in the position shown in Fig. 12,
so that the lug 160 may freely pass about midway between the operating fingers 161
and 167, so that there shall be no danger of its striking either. After the pocket
has come to rest (the pocket being now contracted), the slide 162 moves back so
that the finger 167 strikes the lug 160 and draws back the movable wall of the
pocket to expand the latter, ready to have the newly made bag plunged down into
While the plungers L and M are carrying down the bag, the slide 162.is
moving forward, and when the plungers have carried the bag nearly to the bottom
of the pocket, the finger 161 strikes the lug 160 and moves it forward, thereby
pressing forward the wall and contracting the pocket to cause it to grasp the
bag. The slide 162 subsequently moves back to the first position ready for the
next advance movement of the pockets.
it.
cam-
The pockets remain thus contracted, holding the bags, until reaching the position
where the material is filled into the bags. On moving away from this position, the
lug 160 of the pocket encounters a roller cam 168, the position of which is best
shown in Fig. 46. This roller is carried on a fixed pendent arm 169 (Fig. 4).
The position of the roller is such that the lug 160 in moving past it is thrust
outward sufficiently to expand the pocket to the required extent, that is, to leave
the contained bag free or loosely confined in the pocket, so that it may be easily
raised and dropped therein in the operation of shaking down.
The pockets remain thus expanded until they reach the position where the top
of the bag is closed. On moving to this position, the lug 160 runs against another
roller can 170, in the position clearly shown in Fig. 46, and also shown in Figs. 4,
33 and 34. The position of this cam is such that the lug in moving against it is
thrust outward sufficiently to contract the pocket upon the bag, and thereby hold
the latter with the requisite firinness for properly supporting it during the
operations of folding in and closing the top of the bag. By comparing my present
mechanism for contracting and expanding the pockets with the mechanism shown
D

page_text: in my said Patent No. 18,444, it will be seen that I have considerably simplified
the means for effecting the requisite movements.
The means for shaking down the contents of the bag when it reaches the
positions over the pins hh, does not differ materially from that shown in Fig. 35
of my Patent No. 18,444, except that in the present instance I have duplicated the
pins, so that the shaking down is performed twice in two successive positions of
the bag, the pins h performing the first shaking, and the pins h¹ the second shaking
operation. The pins are mounted on two spring plates 155 underneath, (Fig. 6)
and connected by links 156 to a lever 157 having a tooth acted on by an angular
toothed cam 158 on the shaft 61, (Fig. 2).
I will now describe the means for applying glue or other adhesive to the tops or
mouths of the bag preparatory to the top closing operation. The glue is contained
in the vessel 180, having preferably a jacket 181 beneath it, by admitting steam or
other fluid to which the bath of adhesive material may be kept warm. The glue
plunger S has a vertical movement, descending first into the mass of glue to the
position shown at 1 in Fig. 30, then ascending to the position shown at 2 in that
figure, and there pausing both to permit the surplus glue to drain off and run back
into the bath, and also to permit a scraper S¹ to move across the top of the
-plunger to remove the excess of glue from its glue-applying faces or sections.
During this pause the scraper S' moves from the position shown in dotted lines
in Fig. 30, to that shown in full lines. The plunger then continues its upward
movement until it reaches the position showu at 3 in Fig. 30, or a slightly higher
position, where it applies the glue to the dabbers R. The plunger then descends
and plunges again beneath the bath of glue to its first position, after which the
scraper S¹ moves over it to the position shown in dotted lines. The dabber R at
the instant of receiving glue occupies the position 4 in Fig. 30, its wings being
outstretched. After the plunger commences to descend, this dabber moves to the
left in this figure at the same time that its wings swing toward each other, until it
reaches the position shown in dotted lines at 5. It then commences to descend and
moves down until its center is in the position 6, the wings being still open, and one
of them being entered within the mouth of the bag and the other outside,
whereupon its two wings move together as shown, and press the paper between
them, thereby applying to it the glue they have taken from the plunger. The
wings then partly open, and the dabber moves back to the position 5 and then
returns to position 4, its wings completing their opening movement.
The plunger S carries sections or glue-applying portions ' to already referred
to. In the construction shown the plunger is formed as an arm projecting from a
vertical rod 182, which itself forins the downward continuation of a slide 183
mounted to move vertically. This slide is best shown in Figs. 2 and 7. It is
connected by a link 184 with a lever 185 (see Fig. 7A) pivoted at 186 and carrying
a roller engaged by the groove of a cam 187 on the transverse shaft 55.
By means of this cam the described vertical movements are imparted to the
plunger.
The scraper S¹ is constructed with a frame or bar 190, to which the scraping
plates 191 for the respective glue sections are fastened (see Figs. 5, 31 and 32).
The bar 190 is fixed on one end of a slide 192 (Fig. 31) moving in suitable ways
on a fixed frame, and connected by a link 193 to a lever 194 turning on a vertical
axis 195, and the other arm 196 of which is connected by a link 197 to a lever 198
(Fig. 32) carrying a roller which works in the cam-groove of a cam 199 on the
transverse shaft 61.
The glue dabbers R R (lettered respectively R' R' and R³) are all of
substantially like construction (see Fig. 29), their construction being shown in
detail in Figs. 25 to 28, which show the dabber R. Each dabber is pivoted ou a
fixed stud 201 fastened to a carrying frame or bracket 211. On this stud is a
rotative sleeve 202, formed at one end with a pinion 203, and having fixed on its
other. end the hub 204, which has an arm carrying one of the wings or glue

page_text: fingers r. Another sleeve 205 is mounted to turn freely on the sleeve 202, and is
formed, at one end with a pinion 206, while at its other end it has an arm carrying
the other wing of the dabber. The two pinions are engaged on opposite sides
by racks 213 and 216 respectively, projecting from a slide 207 (Fig. 28) mounted
to slide in vertical ways as shown in Fig. 26, in the bracket 211. By moving the
slide upward the wings are thrown out to the position shown in Fig. 27, or in
dotted lines in Fig. 28 or by moving the slide downward the wings are turned
down and toward each other, as shown in Figs. 25 and 26.
The wings are provided with projections wherever it is desired to apply the glue,
these projections being tinted in Fig. 24. I prefer to apply glue in a succession of
dots, rather than in a continuous stripe or band. For this purpose I arm the
glue-applying faces of the wings with a succession of small projections as shown,
the opposite wing being formed with projections coincident with them,
(which may be of elastic rubber) and which serve to press the paper which is
grasped between the wings (Fig. 26) against these glue-applying projections.
Referring to Figs. 24 and 29 (in which latter the glue-applying tips only are
shown in dotted lines), the wings and are constructed to apply a rectangular
series of dots of glue against the inside of the bag, in the position shown on the
bag in Fig. 23; the wings are provided with only a single glue-applying
tip, lettered 208 in Fig. 24, which serve to apply glue to the outer sides of
the bag in the positions marked 209 in Fig. 53. The wing is provided with
projecting tips adapted to apply a gridiron figure or dots of glue to the inside
of the back flap of the bag.
The three dabbers R R are all carried by one frame 200, which is constructed
generally of a horizontal plate 210 having three upright brackets 211 fastened
beneath it, each of these brackets serving to support one of the dabber
studs 201, and providing ways for guiding the rack slide 207. The plate 210
(Fig. 23) is mounted to slide, horizontally between ways 216 formed in
brackets 212 projecting from opposite sides of an upright slide 214, (Fig. 23B)
movable in vertical ways 215 (Figs. 23, 2 and 5) carried on the fixed frame of the
machine.
The bodily movement of the dabbers from the position 4 in Fig. 30 to the
position 5, is effected by a horizontal sliding movement of the slide 200. The
bodily movement from the position 5 in Fig. 30 to 6, is effected by a vertical
movement of the slide 214. The slide 200 is operated from a cam 217 (Fig. 234)
the groove in which engages a roller carried on a lever 218, fulcrumed on a stud 219,
the opposite arm of which lever connects by a link 220 with the plate 210 of the
slide. The slide 214 is moved up and down by means of a cam 221 (Fig. 2) on the
shaft 57, the groove in this cam engaging a roller carried on a lever 222,
the opposite arm of which connects by a link 223 with the slide. The opening
and closing movements of the wings being effected as already described by the
vertical movement of the rack slides 207 relatively to the slide 200, the following
described mechanism is provided for operating these rack slides. The three slides
are connected to a cross-bar 224, to which is connected a link 225 (Fig. 23) pivoted
to the end of a lever 226, pivoted at 227 to the slide 200, and connected by another
link 228 to one arm of a lever 229 fulcrumed at 219, the other arm of which carries
a roller which is engaged by the cam-groove in a cam 230 (Fig. 23) on the shaft 55.
This latter cam is shaped so as to impart to the rack slides the proper vertical
movements to maintain the requisite relation to the horizontal and vertical move-
ments of the slide 200, necessary to impart the proper swinging motions to the
wings, as shown in Fig. 30. It results from these mechanisms, that the three
dabbers R R move simultaneously, all standing in the position 4, (Fig. 30) with
their wings open to receive glue from the plunger S, and then all partly closing
and descending into the bags, and then completing their closing movements so as
to apply the glue to the bags, the first dabber R2 applying the glue to the left side
or flap of one bag, the second dabber R' applying it to the right side or flap of
a second bag, and the third dabber R applying it to the rear side or flap of a

page_text: third bag. Thus each bag in its progress has all three of its sides or flaps gummed
in three successive positions.
I will now. describe the mechanism for closing the top of the bag. This
mechanism in its general features resembles that shown in my said Patent
No. 18,444, but differs therefrom in the omission of means for applying paste to
the triangular wings j, since glue is already applied thereto in the positions 209
(Fig. 53). The slide T' carrying the folding blade T, is connected by a link 231
to a lever 232 turning on an upright shaft 233, and carrying on its opposite arm
roller engaged by the groove in a cam 234 (Fig. 33) on the upright shaft 53.
The swinging movements of the blade T are imparted to it through the medium
of a link 235 connected to a slide 236 (Fig. 35), which is connected by a link 237
to a lever 238, turning on a vertical shaft 239, and carrying on its opposite arm
a roller engaged by the cam-groove in a cam 240 (Fig. 36). The two cams 234
and 240 are so shaped as to impart to the respective slides T and 236 such relative
movements as are requisite to impart the described longitudinal and swinging
movements to the folding blade T. The wing folders U U are formed as hereto-
fore on. the ends of oscillatory shafts 245 having bearings in the longitudinal
slide 241, which is connected by a link 242 (Fig. 37) to a lever 243 turning on the
shaft 233; and carrying a roller which is engaged by the cam-groove in a cam 241
on the same shaft 53...The said oscillatory shafts are formed as heretofore as
elongated pinions; and these pinions are engaged by racks on a transverse slide 246
moving in stationary slideways, and connected by a link 247 (Fig. 38) to a
lever 248 turning on the shaft 239, and carrying on its opposite arm a roller
engaged by a cam-groove in a cam 249 on the shaft 53. By the co-operation of
these two cams 214 and 249, the wing folders U U are given the described
longitudinal and oscillatory movements. The opposite folding blade V, is carried
on a spring plate 250 (Fig. 34) fastened to a slide 251, which moves longitudinally
in stationary ways, the plate 250 tending to spring, upwardly from its surface; and
the extent of its upward movement being adjustable by a stop-nut 252. For
moving the slide 251, it is connected by a link 253 to an elbow lever 254; the
opposite arm of which is jointed to a connecting rod 255 (Fig. 34) which extends
upwardly, and its upper end is jointed as shown in Fig. 344, to an elbow-lever 256
pivoted at 257, and having a roller on its upper arm which is engaged by the cam-
groove in a cam, 258 on the shaft 55. The vertically-moving plunger Wis
connected to the. lower end of a slide 260 (Fig. 34) the upper end of which is
shown in Fig. 348, being conuected by a link 261 with a lever 262, pivoted at 263,
and having a roller engaged by the cam-groove in a cam 264 on the shaft 55.
The yielding table i on which the bag rests, is mounted on a vertically moving
slide 265 (Figs. 34 and 40), this slide having a laterally projecting arm 266,
through which passes an adjusting screw 267, having a stop shoulder 268, against
which shoulder tlie arm 266 strikes when the plate is fully pressed, up by the
spring 269 on which it is seated, through the medium of the slide, and arm
against which the spring presses. By turning and adjusting hand wheel 270,
motion is communicated through miter gears to the screw 267, for screwing it
up or down to thereby raise or lower the stop shoulder 268, and thereby vary
the height to which the table may be pressed up by the spring.
The mechanism for plunging down the completed package and thrusting it
into the conveyer conduit A will now be described. The two plungers X
and Y are mounted on vertically moving slides arranged in line one above the
other. The plunger X is mounted on the slide 275 (Fig. 41), which is connected
by a link 276, to a lever, 277 (Fig. 41A), pivoted on a stud 278 and carrying
on its opposite, arm a roller engaged by the cam-groove of a cam 279 on the
shaft 56 (see Figs. 41 and 7).. The plunger Y is mounted on a slide 280,
shown in dotted lines in Figs. 41 and 42, which slide is connected by a link 281
to a lever 282 (Fig. 41), pivoted on a stud 283 and carrying a roller engaged
by the cam-groove in a cam 284 on the transverse shaft 61. The pusher Z is
mounted on an angular arm or plate 290 fixed on a slide 291 (Fig. 6), moving in

page_text: guideways in line with the conveyer A¹. The plate 290 has a recess or
opening 292, large enough when the pusher is advanced to the position shown in
dotted lines in Fig. 42 to enable the plunger Y to ascend through this space.
The slide 291 is operated through a connecting link 293 and lever 294, pivoted
on a vertical stud 295 (Fig. 6) and having on its opposite arms a roller engaged
by the groove in a cam 296 on the shaft 54. The cams 279 and 296 impart simple
reciprocating movements to the plunger X and pusher Z respectively, while the
cam 284 imparts to the plunger Y a long dwell in its lowest position (Fig. 42),
during which the pusher Z pushes the package out from between the plungers
and into the conduit,-and then raises it to its highest position (Fig. 41), holding
it stationary there for a short time while the pusher Z moves back, and then
moving it down coincidently with the descent of the plunger X. The slide 280
of the plunger Y is arranged to one side of the path of the pusher Z, to admit of
the retraction of the latter while the plunger Y is elevated. These successive move-
ments are those which admit of the best timing of the parts; but it would be within
my invention to so modify the cams as to cause the pusher Z to advance and
retract before the plunger Y commences to ascend.
The conveyer chains n are carried over sheaves or idler pulleys 297 at one end, and
driving pulleys 298 at the other (Fig. 41), the latter pulleys being mounted on a
shaft 299, on which is fixed a sprocket wheel 300, shown in dotted lines in Fig. 41,
driven by a chain 301, shown also for clearness in dotted lines, from a sprocket
wheel 302 on an oblique shaft 303, which is driven through a universal coupling 304,
or any equivalent connection (Fig. 6) from a shaft 305 carrying a sprocket wheel 306,
which is driven by a chain 307 from a sprocket wheel 308 on the trausverse shaft 61.
The sprocket wheels 309 (Fig. 41) serve to lift the chains n out of the way of the
shaft 303, as well as to take up any slack in these chains, by adjusting these wheels
bigher or lower by means of an adjustable bracket 310 on which they are carried.
The belt p forming the top of the conveyer, is carried at one end over a driving
pulley 311, and at the other end over an idler 312, Fig. 41, another idler 313 being
arranged close to the driving pulley to wrap the belt closely around it and give it
the requisite adhesion. The pulley 311 is fixed on a shaft 314, on which is fixed a
sprocket wheel 315, driven by means of a chain 316 (Fig. 4) from a sprocket
wheel 317 fixed on the driving shaft 299, the chain 316 being carried partly around
this latter sprocket wheel by means of an idler sprocket wheel 318 beneath, whereby
the shaft 314 is revolved in the contrary direction to the shaft 299 which drives it.
All the active parts of the machine are supported by a stationary frame or
framework, which requires no description, being clearly shown in the drawings.
One feature of my present invention it has been found impracticable to show in
its correct proportion in the drawings, and I have therefore prepared two schematic
views, Figs. 55 and 56, wherein this feature is shown upon a sufficiently exaggerated
scale to render it perceptible. The stationary table O, around which the bags are
caused to slide by the movement of the pockets, has heretofore been made exactly
horizontal, so that during the entire rotation of the puckets, the table stood at the
same distance beneath them. I now mount the table O so that it stands spirally,
somewhat as indicated in Fig. 55, although the divergence from the horizontal is
there much exaggerated. In fact in a machine wherein the table has a diameter
of seven feet, and in which the bags are of the proper size for holding each two
pounds of sugar, the table is arranged three-eighths inch lower at the location
where the bags are plunged down into the pockets, than it is at the location where
the bag is filled with material from the chute. The effect of this construction can
be best understood with reference to Fig. 56, which shows a development of the
pockets and table in a straight line. At the entering end the bag is thrust down
until its bottom rests upon the table, as shown at the right in this figure, and as
the pockets advance, the bag, moving toward the left, slides continually onto a
higher portion of the table, so that while the bag is grasped frictionally by the
pocket, which remains contracted upon it, the table exerts an upward pressure
against the bottom of the bag which serves to press the bottom flaps constantly

page_text: into closer contact, and thereby materially facilitates the cementation of the pasted
or glued scams of the bag bottom. Essentially this inclination of the table should
continue until the bags are released just after being filled from the chute Q, any
further inclination after the release of the filled bags being without effect upon
them.
I have described the table O as though it were a continuous annular plate. In
practice, however, I interrupt this plate at 320 (Fig. 6), that is to say, in the
position occupied by the bag while being filled with material, providing for the
support of the bag two bars or rails 321, on which the bags may slide, and by
which they are supported. This construction provides ample openings by means
of which, in case of any defective bag, the sugar or other material is permitted to
leak through, and the leakage falls below the plate instead of accumulating on its
surface where it might cause difficulty. The two bars or rails 321 afford an ample
support for the bag, and prevent any bulging or distortion of its triangular bottom
flaps. Where the pins h h are arranged, the plate or table is restored in the form
of a plate 322, onto which the bags may drop when released by the descent of the
pins in their vibration. From this plate around to the plate i, the bags ride on a
single supporting rail 323, which is carried on brackets 324 from a portion of the
fixed framework. Thus except for the plates 322 and i, the bag from the moment
it is filled, is supported on mere narrow rails, so that any leakage of material from
the bags in case they are torn or defective, can do no harm.
In Fig. 22 is shown a brush 325 of suitably stiff bristles, arranged between two
pockets to sweep the surface of the table O, and thereby remove any grit, or any
particles of the material being packed that may find their way onto this table.
One or more of these brushes may be provided, or a brush may be introduced
between every pair of pockets.
The applying of paste at 2 2 (Fig. 47) is for the purpose of cementing together
the inner layers of the triangular flaps d d of the bag bottom, where the space
between these layers communicates with the interior of the bag, so that the sugar
or other material being packed would sift into this space if the flap were not sealed
by means of these paste extensions.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim in respect of bag making and packaging machines is :-
1. The combination of a bag-making mechanism, a series of pockets in which the
bags are placed and by which they are carried a sufficient distance to dry the
pasted seams, means for filling the bags in said pockets, and mechanism for closing
the tops of the bags, substantially as and for the purpose described.
2. The combination of a revolving series of pockets, a bag making mechanism,
having means for thrusting the completed bags into said pockets, means for filling
the bags, located remotely, from said bag-making mechanisin, so that the bags have
time to dry in the pockets before being filled, a drier for heating the bags in their
travel, and mechanism for closing the tops of the bags, substantially as and for the
purpose described.
.
3. The revolving carrier wheel P having pockets N N, a heating jacket (as g
or O¹) extended along the path of said pockets to dry the bags, a bag-making
mechanism located at one end of said jacket, and a filling mechanism. located at
the other end thereof, substantially as and for the purpose described.
4. The series of travelling pockets N N having open outer sides, and a drier
consisting of a heated wall g arranged to close said open outer sides of the pockets,
substantially as and for the purpose described.
5. The bag-making mechanism constructed to thrust the bags into the pockets N
with their pasted seains on the open outer sides of the pockets, so that said seams
will be dried by the heated wall g, substantially as and for the purpose
described,

page_text: 6. The construction of the pockets N by means of sections 133 between them,
forming their side walls, fastened to the carrying wheel P.
7. The sections 133 having side walls 135 for the pockets N, and slideways 134
for the slides 136 carrying the movable walls of the pockets.
8. The pockets N having movable walls f, on radial slides 136 projecting inward
and moving in slideways on the carrying wheel P.
9. The slides 136 carrying the movable walls f of the pockets, having pro-
jections 160, and mechanis.as for expanding or contracting the pockets, constructed
to act ou said projections, substantially as and for the purpose described.
10. The mechanism for expanding and contracting the pockets, consisting of a
movable part 162 moved by a cam and having projections 161 and 167 adapted to
act against the projections 160 on slides 136, first in one direction to expand the
pocket, and then in the opposite direction to contract it.
11. The special means for expanding the pockets consisting of stationary cam or
roller 168 arranged outside the projections 160 to be encountered by them in
passing.
12. The special means for contracting the pockets consisting of the stationary
cain or roller 170 arranged inside the projections 160 to be encountered by them in
passing.
13. The series of pockets N, and the table O over which they travel, arranged
on an incline, lowest at the point where the bags are placed in the pockets, and
gradually rising to continually press up the bag-bottoms as the bags are carried
forward, as shown for example in Figs. 55-56.
14. The construction of the table O with a skeleton extension beyond the bag-
filling position, consisting of rail or rails 321 and 323 adapted to support the bags
as described.
15. The mechanism for intermittently propelling the carrying wheel P shown
in Fig. 21 comprising movable propelling bolt 138, locking bolt 139, and cam-
mechanism for relatively moving them as described.
16. The special application to the propelling mechanism of Claim 15, of a lost-
motion device, such as the slot 152, for the purpose specified.
17. The mechanism for applying paste to the lifters B B, comprising vessel 62,
plunger C, slide 65 carrying it, cam 69 for moving it, scraper 64 on vertical
shaft 70, and cam 74 for oscillating this shaft, all adapted to operate as described.
18. A folder (H or T) for making the first fold in either end of the bag,
consisting of a plate having a swinging movement while it is folding in the paper,
and a sliding movement while retracting, substantially as described.
19. The folder H for making the first fold in the bag bottom, hinged to a
slide H', a cam for advancing and retracting the slide, and means for swinging
the folder up while folding the paper, substantially as described.
20. The combination of a bag-making mechanism, carriers for the bags, means
for filling the bags, a gunming mechanism for applying adhesive to the open tops
of the filled bags, and a top-closing mechanism for subsequently folding in the tops
of the bags to complete the packages, substantially as described.
21. The construction of the top-gumming mechanism to apply adhesive by
successive movements in successive positions of the bag to separate portions of the
top thereof, substantially as described.
22. The top-gumming mechanism comprising a dabber movable to apply
adhesive to the open tops of the bags in the pockets, and means for applying
adhesive to said dabber, substantially as described.
23. The top-gumming mechanism comprising a dabber constructed with folding
wings, turned open while receiving adhesive, and movable so that one wing enters
the open top of the bag while the other is outside, and closing together to press
the bag between them while applying adhesive thereto, substantially as described.
24. The top-gumining mechanism comprising a plurality of dabbers arranged
to apply adhesive simultaneously to different bags and in different positions on the
bags, substantially as described.

page_text: 25. The top-gumming mechanism comprising three successive dabbers, one for
applying adhesive to the right side of the bag, a second for applying it to the left
side, and the third for applying it to the rear side, whereby by the successive
action on the bag of the three dabbers, the bag receives adhesive on three sides,
substantially as described.
26. The top-gumming mechanism having dabbers R R R³, and plunger S, the
latter having plates or surfaces (as ss etc.) for applying adhesive only to limited
portions of the surfaces of the respective dabbers, whereby the remaining portions
of the dabbers convey no adhesive to the bags, substantially as described.
27. The top closing mechanism comprising a folder T for making the first fold,
moving both forward and swinging down while it is folding in the paper, and
sliding horizontally while being retracted, substantially as described.
28. The slide T', a cam for moving it horizontally, the folder T hinged to said
slide, and a cam for advancing it and swinging it down and up.
29. The supporting plate i on which the bag rests while its top is being closed,
pressed up by a spring, against an adjustable stop which limits the height of the
plate.
30. The described means for removing the completed package from the pocket
consisting of the plungers X and Y which grasp the package between them and
carry it downward.
31. The combination with said plungers X and Y of the pusher Z for pushing
the package out from between them.
32. The drying conduit A¹ for the closed packages, into which the packages are
transferred from the pockets, and through which they are carried between moving
belts.
33. The upper belt p of the conduit A', having rollers mounted in a frame t and
springs for pressing down this frame.
34. The brushes 325 between the pockets N N, arranged to sweep the
table O.
35. Means for applying paste to the paper a at for the bottom seam and
at each side of it to seal the inner layers of the triangular wings d d of the
bag-bottom, so as to prevent the material in the bag leaking into these wings,
substantially as described.
Dated this 26th day of April 1897..
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
.55 & 56 Chancery Lane, Loudon, Chartered Patent Agents.