Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 8th May, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 6th Mar., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted. 13th Apr., 1889
We, WOLF DEFRIES, of No. 4 Cleveland Gardens, Gentleman, and VICTOR ISIDORE
FEENY, Consulting Engineer, of No. 7, Queen Victoria Street, both in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to he as follows:-
Our Invention relates to improvements in the method of feeding oil to lighting and
heating apparatus automatically without the aid of mechanical appliances described in
our Specification No. 7782 of May 28th 1887, and comprises means of obtaining the
flow of oil from a reservoir or tank at a constant pressure, of reducing the momentum
of the oil acquired in its descent, of reducing the pressure of oil at any point to any
desired extent, and when necessary of equilibrating this pressure.
To regulate the outflow of oil at a constant pressure in such parts of the system
as it is desirable, we propose to introduce the oil into a tank through which passe-
the outlet pipe leading towards the burner. Over this pipe floats a buoyant dome
which carries a syphon of which the upper leg dips into the tank and the lower
delivers into the supply pipe.
The volume of this dome and its weight when the syphon is charged determines the
height of the column of oil necessary to support it; and these, together with the
difference of level between the two openings of the syphon, being constant, we obtain
a constant pressure at the mouth of the syphon.
This arrangement may where desirable be applied at any point or points in the
system.
When the oil in passing from one part of the system to another has to fall
through a considerable distance it may be desirable to reduce the momentum which
it tends to acquire. For this purpose we introduce the supply pipe which conveys
it into a chamber, the pipe extending nearly to the bottom. The oil is discharged
from the chamber by a second pipe of which the mouth is situate in the upper part of
this chamber. The momentum of the oil entering the chamber has thus to be
imparted to the body of oil which it must contain before oil can escape through
the second tube; and by proportioning the volume of this chamber to the quantity

page_text: of oil which enters it and the vertical fall which the oil has undergone, we can
reduce the momentum of the outflowing oil to any desired extent. The second pipe
may where desired lead into a second chamber furnished with outflow pipe; and
the arrangement may be repeated throughout the system as often as desired. Either
of the pipes, or both, may be furnished where desirable with contractions to prevent
the oil flushing the tube.
At those points at which it is desired to reduce the pressure of the oil by an amount
equivalent to the pressure of a column of oil of greater height than it is convenient to
employ, we permit the oil to rise in an oil tube of smaller height than that of the
column in question and thence to flow down a second or air tube communicating by a
sealed chamber, or in any similar manner, with the first. Contractions in the inlet
or outlet, or both, or at any other suitable point, are provided, which prevent the oil
from flushing the second tube. The oil is then permitted to rise in a further oil tube;
and the pressure due to the difference of levels of the oil in this further oil tube and
in the air tube is transmitted on to the surface of the oil in the first oil tube. By
adding a sufficient number of air tubes and oil tubes we can thus effect any desired
reduction in the pressure of the outflowing oil. The air tubes and oil tubes can
communicate in any suitable way; the method of reduction consisting essentially
in permitting the formation of columns of oil of which each transmits pressure
to the preceding one by means of intermediate columns of air which it compresses.
The system may be provided at any desired point or points with expansion chambers
as described in our previous specification.
D
1
11
1000

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Feeding Oil for Lighting and Heating.
We, WOLF DEFRIES of No. 4 Cleveland Gardens, Gentleman, and VICTOR ISIDORE
FRENY, Consulting Engineer, of No. 7 Queen Victoria Street, both in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
The object of our invention is to automatically control the flow of oil to and
throughout lighting and heating apparatus. It consists in arrangements whereby the
oil is caused if desirable to be delivered at a constant pressure, the flow is regulated
so as to retain a sufficient body of air in certain parts of the supply and burning
apparatus, the control of the flow is effected by the generation of a secondary colunin
or secondary columns of oil which operate by the compression of the air retained in
the apparatus, and the escape within any desired limits of temperature of the air so
used is prevented.
On the accompanying sheet of Drawings:-Fig. 1 represents a vertical section
through an arrangement for delivering oil at constant pressure; Fig. 2, represents a
vertical section through an arrangement for preventing the oil from acquiring too
great a momentum by reason of its falling through a considerable vertical height;
Fig. 3, represents a vertical section through an arrangement for reducing the outlet
pressure of the oil.
n
In the oil tank A (Fig. 1) from which it is desired to obtain a flow of oil at constant
pressure we provide a buoyant dome B carrying a syphon E, of which the upper leg
dips into the tank. The fixed supply pipe Centers the dome and surrounds the
lower leg of the syphon, extending to the top of the reservoir.
In filling the tank the dome B is held down by hand or by other suitable means
preverted from rising in the tank until the syphon is charged. The volume of the
dome B and its weight when the syphon E is charged with oil determine the height
of the column of oil necessary to support it. This column of oil, which must con-
sequently be constant, together with the difference of level of the two openings of the
syphon, which is constant, determines the outlet pressure at the mouth of the syphon E,
which will accordingly be also constant. The lower end of the dome B is preferably
enlarged to increase its effectiveness as an expansion chamber. In that case the
syphon will commence from the top of the enlargement of the dome. The chamber b
is so termed because, as in our Specification No. 7782 of 28th May 1887, at some
period of the process of feeding or burning it may become filled or partially filled

page_text: with oil without causing overflow and above it is a body of air which it is necessary
to retain in the apparatus and which on expanding owing to increase of temperature
will displace all or part of the oil contained in the chamber and itself occupy
space in the chamber instead of escaping. By suitably proportioning the capacity
of the expansion chamber to the volume of confined air the air will be so retained
within any desired limits of temperature. The oil flowing from the syphon E may
be controlled in the manner described in our former Specification. This arrangement
may where desirable be applied at any points in the system.
When the oil in passing from the tank to the burner has to fall through a
considerable distance we adopt an arrangement similar to that shown in Fig. 2,
wherein the supply pipe C¹ enters a chamber B' of suitable volume which it has to
fill before being allowed to flow out through the supply pipe C³, which may again
if desirable be introduced into a second similar chamber B, and so forth. In this
way the momentum of the oil which arrives through C₁, &c., is imparted to the
body of oil in the chambers B', B' &c., and by proportioning the volumes of B¹,
B &c., to the vertical fall undergone by the oil which enters those chambers we are
enabled to reduce to any desired extent the momentum of the oil which flows out
through C, C &c. The oil may be allowed to fill the tubes C, C, &c. or, as shown
on Fig. 2, may be caused to trickle down them by means of a contraction or con-
tractions at a spitable part of those tubes or any of the equivalent devices for the
same object, shown and described in our former Specification, the contraction or
equivalent device being so proportioned to the bore of the pipe C as to permit the
passage of no more oil than will flow down the inner surface of the tube C with-
out displacing any material part of the air contained in the centre of that tube.
At those levels at which the pressure of the oil has to be reduced we find it
convenient to adopt an arrangement of which an example is given in Fig. 3. This
arrangement consists essentially in permitting the formation of columns of oil of
which each acts on the proceeding one by means of an intermediate body of air which
it compresses. In Fig. 3 the oil flows in through the pipe D and rises in the pipe D¹
through which it emerges into the chamber B¹ under a pressure equal to that at
which it entered D diminished by that due to the column of oil D. The oil then
flows in a thin stream through the orifice E¹ left in a plate which closes the mouth of
the tube C¹ which enters the chamber B¹. The oil then rises in the tube D', which
enters a second chamber B2, similar to B¹. The pressure due to the difference of the
column of oil in D2 and C compresses the air in (and by means of this compressed
air is transmitted to the surface of the oil in D¹, increasing the reduction which the
column D has already effected in the pressure at which the oil entered through D.
By adding other chambers and tubes similar to B', 1', C, the pressure of the oil
escaping at D, or from the last tube of the series will be reduced to any desired
extent, or if necessary may be altogether equilibrated. The pressure of oil entering D¹
being rendered constant by the means hereinbefore described and shown Fig. 1, the
outlet pressure will thus be constant and will be determined by the number and
height of the columns of oil in the reducing apparatus. In lieu of the orifice E¹ we
may employ a contraction in the tube or any of the equivalent devices for the same
object shown and described in our former Specification.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our Inven
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In an oil reservoir or other part of apparatus for feeding oil the floating dome B
having an enlarged month b and carrying the syphon E in combination with the
supply pipe leading to other part of the feeding or burning apparatus for the
purposes and substantially as described and illustrated Fig. 1.
2. In combination with one or more supply pipes, one or more chambers in which
the inlet pipe extends nearly to the bottom and the outlet pipe comes from the top for
the purpose and substantially as described and illustrated Fig. 2,

page_text: 3. In apparatus for feeding oil the combination of successive oil chambers or
tubes B, B &c. communicating at their lower ends with each other and at their
upper ends with intermediate air chambers C, C &c.. the upper end of each oil
chamber or air chamber or both being furnished with a plate having an orifice E¹ &c.
or equivalent device, and the whole operating for the reduction or equilibration of the
ressure due or equivalent to that of a column of oil substantially as described and
illustrated Fig. 3 of the Drawing.