A New and Improved Method and Apparatus for Raising and Hauling Heavy Bodies, Fluid or Solid, Applicable Mainly to
Year: 1884

page_text: A New and Improved Method and Apparatus for Raising and
Hauling Heavy Bodies, Fluid or Solid, Applicable Mainly to
I, DIGORY WARNE SARGENT, of 364 Brixton Road in the County of Surrey,
Surgeon do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "A NEW AND IMPROVED
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND HAULING HEAVY BODIES, FLUID OR
SOLID, APPLICABLE MAINLY TO PUMPING MINE, QUARRY, AND OTHER SHAFTS to bo
as follows:-
The great power ordinarily required at mines and quarries for lifting hauling
and pumping is usually obtained by steam engines of large size, and great cost but
by the application of my Invention I am enabled to employ small portable engines,
the first cost of which is light, to perform the same work as the large fixed engines.
The principle of my Invention is the application of a weighted lever, the arms
of which are of unequal length, in any desired proportion.-The short end is
connected with the work to be done, and the long end is loaded with a weight
sufficient to perform the same.-In applying my Invention to raise water from
quarries or mines, 1 proceed as follows:-I fix at the mouth of the pit or shaft,
a lever of sufficient length, supported by a strong fulcrum, properly designed and
stayed to resist the strain, the lever being capable of vertical motion on the said
fulcrum.-The short end of the lever projects over the mouth of the pit or shaft,
and is attached to the pump rod or "spear," the long end of the lever, which may
be any convenient multiple of the short end, is loaded with a weight sufficiently
heavy to raise the pump rods and buckets and water.-The weighted end of the
lever is raised by the small portable engine to the necessary height and then
released, when by its descent, it lifts the pump rods buckets, and water, the
weighted end is then again raised by the engine, the pump rods and buckets
descend, and the operation is repeated. In order to make the lever of a light and
cheap construction, I prefer to form it of rolled girder iron, properly trussed and
stayed, or I may construct it as an open lattice girder, greatest in depth at the
fulcrum, and diminishing towards the ends-lt is not necessary that the portable
engine should be close to the lever.-It may be situated at any convenient distance,
and connected to the lever in various ways.-In practice, I prefer to attach the
weighted and of the lever by means of a connecting rod to a disc crank of sufficient

page_text: throw to give the necessary stroke to the end of the lever.-The portable engine is
connected with the disc crank by spur wheels and pinions, to give the requisite
slow speed-Or, if more convenient, I may cause the weighted end of the lever to
be raised by a chain or wire rope passing over a pulley, such chain being attached
to the disc crank before mentioned; or I may erect a perpendicular standard or
strut upon the lover, over the fulcrum, properly stayed to the lever by tie bars,
and of sufficient height to give the necessary power, and connect the top of such
standard or strut to the crank, by a connecting rod, to give the required recipro-
cating notion.-Such connecting rod may be tubular, or constructed as a lattice
girder, or in any other suitable form which combines lightness with strength.-In
practice, it is not always necessary to load the long end of the lever, as it will
sometimes be found that the preponderance of weight in that end will be sufficient
Lo overcome the load on the short end.
The advantages which I obtain by the use of my apparatus are that I avoid the
cost of large stationary engines and boilers and engine houses, that the lever
apparatus which I employ to transmit the power of the portable engine to the
pumps or other apparatus is of a simple and cheap construction, costs but little to
keep in repair, and requires no protection from the weather.

page_text: I, DIGORY WARNE SARGENT, of 36+ Brixton Road, in the county of Surrey,
Surgeon, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "A NEW AND IMPROVED
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND HAULING HEAVY BODIES, FLUID OR
SOLID, APPLICABLE MAINLY TO PUMPING MINE, QUARRY AND OTHER SHAFTS
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
"
andl
The power ordinarily required at mines and quarries for lifting, hauling and
pumping is usually obtained by the employment of stationary steam engines and
boilers, of large size and great first cost, which necessitates also the erection of
substantial and costly engine and boiler houses; but by the application of my
invention, I am enabled to employ small portable or semi-portable engines, the first
cost of which is comparatively light, to perform the saine work as the large fixed
engines, and I may even in certain cases accomplish the work by the application of
manual, animal or water power as will be hereinafter explained.
The principle of my invention is the application of a weighted lever, the arms
of which are of unequal length, in any desired proportion-The short arın is
connected with the work to be done, and the long arm is loaded with a weight
sufficiently heavy to perform the same.
Fig. 1. in the accompanying sheet of drawings, exhibits diagrammatically the
essential features of my apparatus as applied to the pumping of water from a
shaft or well.
In this figure, A is a lever having a short arm A B, and a long arm A C―The
said lever is pivotted on a suitably supported fulcrum at A, and is necessarily :
arranged to be capable of vertical motion thereon.
D is the well or shaft, from which the water has to be pumped--E represents an
ordinary single acting lift pump, the rod of which is jointed to the extremity of
the short arm of the lever at B.
I make the combined weight of the pump bucket, pump rod and short arm A B,
slightly heavier than the weight of the long arm A C, so that when the apparatus
is at rest, the lever will, of its own accord, assume the position shewn by the
dotted lines FG and the pump bucket will descend to the bottom of the pump
cylinder-If the shaft be deep, the weight of the long pump rod will probably bo
sufficient to accomplish this object, and in a very deep shaft, I may even find it
necessary to artificially weight the pump rod to attain the desired result-The
lever being in the position FG, it will clearly be seen that if a weight W, be placed
on the lever at the end C, such weight being, with the advantage of leverage
given by the long arm, sufficiently in excess of the weight of the column of water
to be raised (measuring from the level of the said water in the shaft at H to the
point of delivery at 1,) to overcome the friction of the working parts of the
apparatus, and the friction of the water in the pipes, the long arm AC will be
depressed, till the lever assumes the position shewn by the dotted lines F' G', the
pump bucket will be raised and a pump cylinder full of water delivered at I; upon
the removal of the weight W, the bucket will fall and the lever again assuine the
position FG, when the operation can be repeated as before.
In practice I prefer to attach the weight W to the lover A and raise the end C
of the said lover by any suitable means.
The power required for this purpose being of course only that necessary to raise
the woight W.
As the weight of the column of water to be raised is liable to variation from
variations in the level of the water in the shaft or well, I may arrange the weight W

page_text: so that it can be moved along or attached at different points on the arm A. C-Or
I may, if preferred construct the said arm so that it is capable of extension with
the weight W, or I may use a heavier or lighter weight as required.
To raise the end C of the lever, a rope or chain P, one end of which is attached
thereto, may be passed over a pulley J, the other end of the said rope or chain
being attached to a crank, tho said crank boing rotated by a portablo, or semi-
portable engine, through the intervention of spur wheels and pinions, drums and
straps, or other suitablo gearing, to reduce the speed-Or the said crank may be
connected directly with the point C, by means of a connecting rod.
In cases where it may be inconvenient or impossible to employ an engine, the
weighted end C of the lever may be raised by manual power, as for instance by
hauling on the aforesaid chain or rope P over the pulley J, or animal power may
be employed for the saine object, or, when available, water power such as that
obtained from a water wheel.
It is obvious that I may, if required, attach more than one pump to the short
arm A B of the lever.
In place of the simple lever shewn in Fig. 1 I may employ a lever, such as is
represented in Fig 2-In this case a perpendicular lever K is erected upon the
horizontal lever A and connected therewith by two or more suitable tie birs L M,
forming a very light and strong construction, and in this case in place of raising
the weighted end C as before, described, I may, if preferred, connect the top of the
perpendicular lever K, to a crank N or N¹ by means of a rod O or O', the said
crank being rotated as before described.
In practice I prefer to arrange two pumps and two levers, to be worked from
two cranks diametrically opposite to each other on the same shaft as shewn at
N and N¹ so that while one pump bucket is descending, the other is rising and
delivering water, and by the pumps thus working alternately, a constant flow of
water from the delivery pipe will be maintained and the whole power of the engine
will be utilized in the fullest possible manner.
If desired, I may even arrange more than two pumps and levers to be worked
from cranks on the same shaft and from the same source of power, combining
them in in such a way, as to secure the most even distribution of work, and as
even a delivery of water as possible.
I wish it to be understood that in carrying out my invention in practice I do
not necessarily confine myself to the precise details of construction herein set forth,
but I consider that the merit of my invention consists in the simplicity and
cheapness of the apparatus which I employ to render serviceable for the purposes
of pumping, any ordinary and easily obtainable source of power, such as manual,
animal, or water power, or a portable or scini-portable steam engine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The use of a weighted lever for applying any suitable source of power to
work a pump or pumps in mines, wells or shafts, substantially as set forth.
2. The combination of two or more such weighted levers for applying any
suitable source of power to work pumps in mines wells or shafts, substantially as
set forth.
Dmber 1981