IMPROVEMENTS IN ORGANS
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of the Firm of Herbert and
Company, Solicitors of Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster,
Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ORGANS." A com-
munication from abroad by Alexander Rudolph Koerber, of Toronto, in the
Dominion of Canada Gentleman.
Sealed the 12th November 1878, and dated the 29th May 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th May 1878.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN ORGANS." A communication from abroad by Alexander Rudolph Koerber,
of Toronto, in the Dominion of Canada, Gentleman.
The Invention has relation to improvements which increase the expressional
power of reed and pipe musical instruments, and it consists,-
First. In dividing the wind chest into two sections corresponding to the base and
treble notes, and in the connection therewith of separate and independently-acting
bellows.
Second. In the construction by which the point of division between the base and
treble notes may be altered at the will of the operator to extend the treble notes
beyond the usual point of division into the base notes, and inversely, to extend the
base notes into the treble notes.
Third. Of a wind inlet valve on the bellows connected to a suitable foot or knee
lever at the front of instrument, arranged in such manner that the operator can
suddenly admit air to either bellows for the purpose of varying the strength of the
base notes in contrast with the power of the treble notes or inversely.
Fourth. In the connection with the mechanism for varying the point of division
between the base and treble notes of an indicator arranged to move a pointer to

page_text: correspond with the change of position of the division between the base and treble
notes, which pointer shall be carried forward to and be visible to the operator in
front.
The instrument case may be of any suitable design and finish, and the instrument
is provided with a base bellows and a treble bellows connected to separate pedals.
Each bellows therefore is capable of being operated independently of the other.
The wind chest is divided on each side of the centre of instrument, or to corre-
spond with the accompaniment notes, into a series of chambers which extend entirely
across the wind chest, and by which wind is admitted through the reeds into leading
tubes to the treble bellows and leading tubes to the base bellows.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Herbert John Haddan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 26th
November 1878.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN ORGANS." A communication from abroad by Alexander Rudolph Koerber,
of Toronto, in the Dominion of Canada, Gentleman.
This Invention has relation to improvements which increase the expressional
power of reed and pipe instruments, and it consists,—
First. In dividing the wind chest into two sections corresponding to the base and
treble notes, and in the connection therewith of separate and independently-acting
bellows.
Second. In the construction by which the point of division between the base and
treble may be altered at the will of the operator to extend the treble notes beyond
the usual point of division into the base notes, and inversely, to extend the base
notes into the treble notes.
Third. In the application of a 'wind inlet valve on the bellows connected to a
suitable foot or knee lever on the front of instrument, and arranged in such manner
that the operator can suddenly admit air to either bellows for the purpose of varying
the strength of the base notes in contrast with the power of the treble notes, and
vice versa.
'
.
Fourth. In the connection of an indicator to the travelling cam which operates
the variable wind inlet valves of the accompaniment notes, which indicator extends
to a suitable point in the front of instrument, and indicates the position of the point
of division in the wind chest for the time being.
In the accompanying Drawings Figure 1 is a rear elevation; Figure 2, a cross
section; Figure 3, a plan of an instrument embodying my improvements; Figure 4
is a front view.

page_text: A is the instrument case, with the upper portion removed in the plan to show
the construction; B, the treble bellows, and B¹ the base bellows; C is the sectional
wind chest. ..
The instrument is provided with two pedals, one for the treble bellows and one
for the base bellows. Each bellows is capable therefore of being operated indepen-
dently of the other.'
The wind chest is divided on each side of the centre of instrument, or to corre-
spond with the accompaniment notes, into a series of chambers C, which extend
entirely across the wind chest, and by which wind is admitted from the reeds into
the leading tubes E to the treble bellows, and E' to the base bellows. The
admission of air into these passages from the subdivisions of the wind chest is
governed by valves G. These valves are operated from a travelling roller or cam G³,
which is arranged to open each valve in succession. The said roller or cam is caused
to travel to and fro by the movement of the knee lever I on the front of instrument,
and the spring connection I, or in any other suitable and convenient manner. The
valves are returned to place by springs after the cam or roller is removed.
Each subdivision of the wind chest is provided with two air inlet holes, one con-
necting with the treble inlet tube E, and the other connected with the base air
leading tube E¹. The valves G are arranged to open or close either one of these
inlet holes by the movement of the roller or cam G³, as the operator desires to make
the note treble or base. When the valves G are thrown over to close the inlet tubes
to the base bellows all the notes connected with the subdivisions of the wind chest
will be treble, and the treble end of the instrument will thus be extended up into
the base section; and when the valves are thrown over to close the inlet holes to
the treble bellows all the notes will be base, and the base portion of the instrument
will then be extended up into the treble. The accompaniment notes of the instru-
ment thus to any required and useful extent each way from the centre can be
played as base or treble notes at pleasure, as the point of division between the base
and treble is variable.
H is an indicating pointer connected with the cam or roller, which operates the
valves G, and travelling in union therewith. This pointer is carried forward to
the front of instrument over the keyboard, and indicates in connection with a
suitable visible scale the position of the cam or roller, and the point of division in
the wind chest.
Upon the back board of each or either bellows, in addition to the ordinary safety
valve, is placed an inlet valve J closed by a spring, and connected by a wire or lever
to the front of instrument. This valve enables the operator to suddenly admit air
into the bellows, and play softly or in strains to contrast with the full swelling
tones of the notes sounded by the exhausted bellows.
By the use of independent bellows for the treble and base notes great effect can be
obtained by blowing stronger with one bellows than with the other, and when the
accompaniment notes connect with the base wind chest the treble notes will sound
out clearly and well defined over the tone of the base notes, because they are fewer
in number; the reverse will be the case when the treble notes are extended into the
base. The capacity of the bellows should be ample.
I claim as my Invention,-
1. The wind chest C, having separate treble and base compartments, in combi-
nation with independently-acting bellows, substantially as shewn and described.
2. The wind chest C divided into a series of compartments c corresponding
with the central or accompaniment notes, and connected by air passages to both
independent air bellows, and the admission of air controlled by valves in such
manner that the notes corresponding to the said compartments may be played as
treble or base notes.
3. The travelling roller or cam G', in combination with the valves G, wind
passages E, E', bellows B, B', and the subdivided wind chest C, substantially as
described.

page_text: 4. The wind inlet valves J, operated from the front of instrument in any
suitable manner for the purpose of suddenly admitting air to the bellows.
5. The indicator H, in combination with the cam or roller G₁ and the sub-
divided wind chest, substantially as shewn and described:
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert John Haddan, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of November, A.D. 1878.
HI HADDAN
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