IMPROVEMENTS IN COKE-OVENS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Raphael Hunter Brandon of No 1 rue Laffitte Paris,
in the Republic of France Engineer and patent Agent for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COKE-OVENS" Communicated to him by Emile Franzen,
Director, residing at Liege in the Kingdom of Belgium,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Raphael Hunter Brandon at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th January 1883.
RAPHAEL HUNTER BRANDON of 1 Ruo Laffitte Paris in the Republic of France
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COKE OVENS " which has been
Engineer and Patent agent
communicated to me by Emile Franzen residing at Liege in the Kingdom of
Belgium, Director,
These improvements have reference to the construction of ovens for converting
coal into coke and are applicable proferably to vertical tapering ovens singly or in
groups and they consist mainly,
1 In forming around the oven or carbonising chamber at various places on its
entire height small inclined flues issuing from it,
2nd In the arrangement of a series of vertical chambers or combustion chambers
outside the oven and parallel with the walls of the same connected therewith
laterally by the inclined Blues above mentioned and as well as with the upper part
of the said carbonising chamber whilst the lower extremities of these vertical
chambers terminate in a large horizontal flue formed at the base of said carbonising
chamber whilst laterally they are in communication with small horizontal flues
communicating directly with the air outside, the gases and air thus meeting in
these vertical chambers ignite and burn for the purpose of imparting an uniform
heat to the carbonising chamber or coke oven,
3rd Arranging where several ovens are built in a group, at the top of the same a
connecting flue for the purpose of passing the superflouous or other gases from one
oven into the combustion flues of any of the others

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Raphael Hunter Brandon in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
4th July 1883.
RAPHAEL HUNTER BRANDON of 1 Rue Laffitte, Paris, in the Republic of France
Engineer and Patent Agent " IMPROVEMENTS IN COKE OVENS ;' (A communi-
cation to me by Emile Franzen, Director, residing at Liège, in the Kingdom of
Belgium)
This invention is represented in the 9 figures of the 2 accompanying drawings
of which Fig 1 is a lateral sectional elevation of one of my coke-ovons; Fig: 2 a
longitudinal sectional elevation of two coke-ovens; Fig: 3 an external longitudinal
elevation of two coke-ovens; one of which is a front and the other a back elevation;
Fig 4 & 5 a plan in section through A B fig: 1 of two coke-ovens; Fig: 6 a plan
in section through CD fig: 1 of one of the coke-ovens; Fig: 7 a plan not in
section; Fig: 8 a longitudinal sectional elevation of the upper part of two coke-
ovens showing a modification, and Fig: 9 a plan of the same in section through EF
fig: 8.
The coke-ovens are vertical, tapering upwards, they may be square, circular, or of
any other appropriate shape in horizontul section.
They are charged through a door T, fig: 1, 2, 3 & 8, the coal falls on a
discharging door P below. When the oven is sufficiently full, the door T must be
closed hermetically. The gasses generated in the oven, escape through the small
inclined flues U arranged throughout the entire periphery and the entire height
of the oven, and pass into a series of combustion chambers E, which may be
round, square or of any other appropriate shape, arranged around the carbonising
chamber H.
The air required for the combustion enters by the flues V in the chambers I'
which surround the carbonising chamber acquiring heat as it travels along and
finally passing through the flues W, enters the combustion chambers E where it
burns the gasses, thereby producing a very high temperature.
The products of combustion pass off into the flame mixing flue G, and from
thence through the flue M (provided with a damper O) in the collecting flue L
from whence they are discharged through a chimney into the open air.
The admission of air to the flues V, fig: 1 & 3 may be regulated by appropriate
dampers or sliding plates.
The doors S fig: 1 & 3 serve to control the carbonisation progressing in the
ovens.
Besides the damper O, each oven is provided with a second damper J, fig: 4
& 5, which may be used to cause the products of the combustion to circulate from
one oven into the lower part of the adjacent oven.
The combustion chambers are in coinniunication above with the carbonising 4
chamber and below with the horizontal flue G.
The carbonising chamber H is closed below by a swinging door P, fig: 1 & 2
when the coke has been drawn from the oven, this door closes automatically by
means of the chains Y which pass through holes made in the masonry, over
pullies Z, weights ✗, being suspended to their extremities. The said door is 4
also maintained closed by means of the bars R R fig: 4-& 5 which slide in the
masonry.
In certain cases, a second flue K may be built above in the masonry, see fig: 8
& 9, in which the flames mix or unite as in the case of the lower flue G. All the
combustion chambers E are in communication with this upper flue K by means of 5

page_text: the small branch flues QQ and a damper A always separates two of these
flues K K adjacent. By closing the lower damper O and by opening the upper
damper A of one oven, the waste Blames of the oven are compelled to pass through
the combustion chambers E of an adjacent oven which for instance might have
cooled down.
These ovens may be inclined to the same angle with reference to a horizontal
plane or they may be inclined one to the right and one to the left, or they may be
backed one against the other.
I claim and wish to secure by letters patent, in vertical coke-ovens.
First. The escapement of the gasses from the carbonising chamber through a
series of small inclined flues, built round the entire periphery and the entire height
of the chamber.
Second. The arrangement of a series of vertical combustion chambers around a
carbonising chamber rising through the entire height of the oven, and communicating
above with the carbonising chamber and below with the flue G, where the flames
unite, for the purpose of receiving through a series of small flues nt different
places, the hot air serving to ignite and to burn the gasses which proceed into
these chambers through the small inclined flues in order to impart a uniform heat
to the whole carbonising chamber.
Third. The arrangement around the carbonising chamber of a series of super-
posed chambers, serving to heat the air intended for combustion and which are
placed in communication with the external air by small flues which can be regulated
and with the combustion chambers by a series of small flues arranged on the entire
periphery.
Fourth. The arrangement on the upper part of coke-ovens, of a second flue K
for the purpose of mixing the flames and which allows of passing the waste Blumes
from one or more ovens through the combustion chambers of an adjacent oven.
In Witness whereof, I the said Raphael Hunter Brandon, of 1 Rue Laffitte,
Paris, in the Republic of France, have hereunto set my hand and seal
this nineteenth day of June in the year of our Lord 1883