Improvements in or relating to Boats and other Navigable Vessels.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Aug., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 9th May, 1892-Accepted, 11th June, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Boats and other Navigable Vessels.
We ROBERT ALFRED HARDMAN of 8 Maygood Street Barnsbury in the
County of Middlesex Merchant and EDWIN ELLIS of 15 Stanbridge Road Putney
in the County of Surrey Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to reduce the size and weight of rudders for
boats canoes and other navigable vessels and our invention is more particularly
applicable to racing boats and skiffs.
Racing boats and skiffs as at present constructed draw but a few inches of
water and are without keels so that when being rowed in a side wind such boats
make a good deal of, leeway and owing to the extreme lightness of draught the
rudders thereof have to be made of great length thus increasing the difliculty of
steeling.
These defects we propose to obviate by placing a short keel or centre board
under the bottom of boats and other vessels a short distance from the sterns
thereof and to these keels or centreboards the rudders may be attached the rudder
heads or pivots working through suitable tubes made watertight if desired by
means of stuffing boxes and glands or by other suitable means the yokes or tillers
being attached to the rudder heads in the usual way.
Rudders so attached to boats and other vessels are completely submerged and
may be made much deeper shorter and lighter than is possible with rudders
attached to the sterns as at present.
Rudders attached to boats as above described are very suitable for lifeboats but
to avoid injury to the rudder while the boat is being launched we provide a
chamber in the boat into which the rudder is raised while launching the boat, the
said chamber being similar to that used in boats having a movable centreboard.
Dated this Eighth day of August 1891.
ERNEST SALAMAN,
61 & 62, Chancery Lane, London, Agent for Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Boats and other Navigable Vessels.
We ROBERT ALFRED HARDMAN of 8 Maygood Street, Barnsbury in the
County of Middlesex Merchant and EDWIN ELLIS of 15 Stanbridge Road Putney
in the County of Surrey Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to reduce the size and weight of rudders for boats
canoes and other navigable vessels and our invention is more particularly applicable
to racing boats and skiffs.
Racing boats and skiffs as at present constructed draw but a few inches of water
and are without keels so that when being rowed in a side wind such boats make a
good deal of leeway and owing to the extreme lightness of draught the rudders
have to be made of great length thus increasing the difficulty of steering.
These defects we obviate by placing a short keel or centreboard under the
bottom of boats and other vessels a short distance from the sterns thereof and to
these keels or centreboards the rudders may be attached the rudder heads or
pivots working through suitable tubes made watertight if desired by means of

page_text: stuffing boxes and glands or by other suitable means the yokes or tillers being
attached to the rudder heads in the usual way.
Rudders so attached to boats and other vessels are completely submerged and
may be made much deeper shorter and lighter than is possible with rudders
attached to the sterns as at present.
Rudders attached to boats as above described are very suitable for lifeboats but
to avoid injury to the rudder while the boat is being launched we provide a
chamber in the boat into which the rudder is raised while 'aunching the said
chamber being similar to that used in boats having a movable centreboard.
And in order that our invention may be the better understood we will proceed
to explain the same with reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings in
which
Fig. 1 represents side view of the stern portion of a racing row-boat fitted with
our improved rudder and fin.
Fig. 2 shews our invention applied to a life boat the same etters denoting the
same parts in both the figures.
C
a is the boat the short keel or centreboard preferably flanged for attaching
to the boat c the rudder d the tube through which the rudder pivot e passes f the
yoke the tiller, the chamber in the life boat to accommodate the rudder while
Jaunching is shewn by dotted lines in Fig. 2.
9.
Owing to the small angular displacement of our submerged rudder boats fitted
therewith may be easily steered by the foot of a person rowing the same the yoke
being connected by lines or links to a vibrating clog attached to the stretcher into
which clog the foot of the rower is inserted.
Boats fitted with our keels and rudders make less leeway and steer more easily
than boats of the ordinary construction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
In the construction of boats and other navigable vessels the use of a keel or
centreboard in combination with a submerged rudder under the vessel substantially
as described and shewn.
Dated this Ninth day of Men 1000
ERNEST
SALAMAN,
61 & 62, Chancery Lane, London, Agent for Applicants.