Improvements in the Manufacture of Fire-resisting and Heat Non-conducting Materials.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Fire-resisting and Heat
Non-conducting Materials.
We, HENRY REDMAYNE ROMNEY, of 50, Broadway, Crouch End, in the County
of Middlesex, Merchant, JAMES THAME, of 1, Devonshire Villas, The Woodlands,
Isleworth, in the County of Middlesex, Mining Engineer, and THE FIBROUS
MATERIALS SYNDICATE, LIMITED, of 79, Gracechurch Street, in the City of London,
Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:―
This invention relates to the manufacture of a material of non-imflammable
character which is also a good non-conductor of heat.
In carrying out our invention we take the refuse of the cocoa-nut husk obtained
as a bye product in the production of bristle and mat fibre. This refuse we
combine with other materials of a fibrous nature which may be of a vegetable
or mineral character. To the above mentioned materials we add mica or similar
material, magnesium silicate or carbonate with or without the addition of sodium
silicate.
The above combination of materials we treat for the purpose of moulding articles
in a suitable form of a mould, by mechanical means with the addition of water
the object of the said treatment being to cause the individual fibres contained in
the said fibrous materials to become separated and drawn out to their maximum
length and at the same time to cause the non-fibrous materials to become inti-
mately combined with the same so as to coat each individual fibre or part with
a non-combustible material.
After treatment in the manner described the mass is pressed in suitable per-
forated moulds of the desired shape and form, the pressure being applied by
hydraulic or other suitable means." The pressed articles after being taken from
the moulds are placed on perforated forms or supports and subjected to the action
of a current of hot dry air until complete dessication is effected.
In cases when we use sodium silicate we make a solution of the same in water
and mix it with the other materials while they are being treated and at. the same
time we may add thereto a carbonate or a sufficiency of free acid so as to break
up the sodium silicate, liberating the silica as a gelatinous mass; the soda form-
ing a soluble salt. with the acid, and is thus capable of being pressed out during
the subsequent moulding operations.
In the manufacture of covering in a loose or fibrous form for coating boilers
and the like we take the materials herein above mentioned without the sodium
silicate and treat them dry in a form of scutching or carding engine whereby the
intimate association of the constituent parts is obtained as we desire. The
material so prepared when required for use is mixed with water and applied to
the article to be covered. If greater adhesion is desired a solution of sodium
silicate is added.
The pronations
1980
have found to be most effective are as follows: _
For

page_text: example, for panels to protect ships' bunkers, for steam pipe coverings and like
purposes we use:-
Cocoa nut husk refuse
Fibrous substances
Mica waste
Magnesium silicate or carbonate
10 to 30 parts
10 to 30 parts
=
25, to 40 parts
15 to 40 parts
The mixture is pressed as lightly as possible to maintain the largest number
of air cells.
When sodium silicate is used in the combining treatment we use a solution
of about 1 lb. in 1 gallon of water and precipitate the silica with HCl or H₂So
when sodium silicate is used to harden the pressed material after making, we
saturate the article after drying with a solution of sodium silicate of sp. gr. 1200
and re-dry to finish it.
If; it is desired to produce a fire-proof material which can be moulded, or be
produced in a granular, or plastic state we take screened. cocoanut husk refuse
and thoroughly impregnate the same with a solution of sodium silicate of 1,100
to 1,200 sp. gr. The silica contained in the said solution may be precipitated
therefrom.on to and into the refuse by means of a solution of any suitable acid
or acid salt. After being so treated the excess of sodium silicate" or solution of
sodium when the silica has been separated, is extracted from the refuse by filter-
pressing centrifugal extraction or other means, to the refuse so treated we add
a proportion of mineral fibre such as asbestos. The two materials are treated in
an opening machine whereby the fibres contained in the asbestos are separated
from each other without being cut or destroyed in any way. Simultaneously
with being separated they are caused to co-mingle, enwrap and entwine with the
refuse so as to form a cohesive material when pressed together..
We may use a small proportion of lime, the object of which is to form a cement-
ing material in combination with sodium silicate, where a hard and at the same
time porous material is required.
Where this material is required for application as a plastic mass the material
instead of being moulded is applied direct to the surface to be covered, water
being added to the plastic material before application to enable the material to
be worked easily.
T
you
FELL & JAMES.
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Fire-resisting and Heat
Non-conducting Materials.
We, HENRY REDMAYNE ROMNEY, of 50, Broadway, Crouch End, in the County
of Middlesex, Merchant, JAMES THAME, of 1, Devonshire Villas, The Woodlands,
Isleworth, in the County of Middlesex, Mining Engineer; and THE FIBROUS
MATERIALS SYNDICATE, LIMITED, of 79, Gracechurch Street, in the City of London,
Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
..
This invention relates to the manufacture of a material of a non-imflammable
character which is also a good non-conductor of heat,

page_text: In carrying out our, invention, we take the refuse of the cocoa-nut, husk ob-
tained as a bye-product in the productions of bristle and mat fibre. This refuse
we combine with other materials of a fibrous nature which may be of a
vegetable or mineral character such as paper pulp, wood pulp, rag pulp or asbestos
fibre. To the above mentioned materials we add mica or similar material,
magnesium silicate or carbonate with or without the addition of sodium silicate.
The above combination of materials we treat for the purpose of moulding articles
in a suitable form in a mould, by mechanical means with the addition of water
the object of the said treatment being to cause the individual fibres contained in
the said fibrous materials to become separated and drawn out to their maximum
length and at the same time to cause the non fibrous materials to become inti-
mately combined with the same so as to coat each individual fibres or part with
a non-combustible material.
After treatment in the manner described the mass is pressed in suitable per-
forated moulds of the desired shape and form, the pressure being applied by
hydraulic or other suitable means.
The pressed articles after being taken from the moulds are placed on perforated
forms or supports and subjected to the action of a current of hot dry air until
complete dessication is complete.
In cases when we use sodium silicate we make a solution of the same in water
and mix it with the other materials while they are being treated and at the same
time we may add thereto a carbonate or a sufficiency of free acid so as to break
up the sodium silicate, liberating the silica as a gelatinous mass, the soda forming
a soluble salt with the acid, and is thus capable of being pressed out during the
subsequent moulding operations.
In the manufacture of covering in a loose or fibrous form for coating boilers
and the like we take the materials hereinabove mentioned without the sodium
silicate and treat them dry in a form of scrutching or carding engine whereby
the intimate association of the constituent parts is obtained as we desire..
The material so prepared when required for use is mixed with water and applied
to the article to be covered. If greater adhesion is desired a solution of sodium
silicate is added.
-
The proportions we have found to be most effective are as follows;-
For example for panels to protect ships' bunkers, for steam pipe coverings
and like purposes we use
Cocoa nut husk refuse
Fibrous substances
Mica waste
Magnesium silicate or carbonate
10 to 30 parts
10 to 30 parts
25 to 40 parts
15 to 40 parts
The mixture is pressed as tightly as possible to maintain the largest number
of air cells.
When sodium silicate is used in the combining treatment we use a solution of
about 1 lbs in 1 gallon of water and precipitate the silicia with Hel or H¿So..
When sodium silicate is used to harden the pressed material after making, we
saturate the article after drying with a solution of sodium silicate of sp. gr. 1200
and redry to finish it.
if it is desired to produce a fireproof material which can be moulded, or be
produced in a granular, or plastic state we take screened cocoanut husk refuse and
thoroughly impregnate the same with a solution of sodium silicate of 1,100 to
1,200 sp. gr. The silica contained in the said solution may be precipitated
therefrom on to and into the refuse by means of a solution of any suitable acid
or acid salt. After being so treated the excess of sodium silicate or solution of
sodium when the silica has been separated is extracted from the refuse by filter
pressing centrifugal extraction or other means, to the refuse so treated we add
a proportion of mineral fibre such as asbestos. The two-materials are treated in
an opening machine whereby the fibres contained in the asbestos, are separated

page_text: from each other without being cut or destroyed in any way. Simultaneously with
being separated they are caused to co-mingle, enwrap and entwine with the refuse
so as to form a cohesive material when pressed together.
1
We may use a small proportion of lime, the object of which is to form a cementy
material in combination with sodium silicate where a hard and at the same time
porous material is required.
Where this material is required for application as a plastic mass the material
instead of being moulded is applied direct to the surface to be covered, water
being added to the plastic material before application to enable the material to
be worked easily.
Having now particularly-described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the sanie is to be performed we declare that what we'
claim is:
A composite material for fire resisting and heat non-conducting purposes manu-
factured substantially as described.
Doted this 1st day of DocomİYOP TAYY
FELL & JAMES,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.