IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING, DOUBLING AND TWISTING YARN OR THREAD
Year: 1884

page_text: I, JOHN BOYD, of Shettleston Iron Works, Glasgow, in the county of Lanark,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING, DOUBLING AND TWISTING YARN OR THREAD," and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to certain further improvements in the construction of
stop-motion mechanism for winding, doubling, and twisting frames, and more
particularly to that described in the Specification of Letters Patent No 2619 of 1883
granted to me, and my invention consists mainly in applying to each spindle, in
addition to the detectors which act when any thread breaks behind the feed rollers,
a balance lever which serves the threefold functions of a thread guide lever, a hand
starting or setting-on lever, and a detector lever operating the stopping mechanisın,
when the strands being twisted together into one thread in front of the feed roller
breaks; also in providing a special auxiliary detector made to work in the detector
holder with its other detectors, and to be operated by the said front detector lever;
also in making an improved arrangement of the vertical rod, and forming on the
same a long curved arm to carry the detector holder, and in fitting on said vertical
rod an adjustable upper roller-holder and lifter, which can be fixed to suit different
sizes of upper feed rollers, and in so arranging and shaping the improved lever and
all the said parts that they may be used advantageously, if required, in combination
with a water-trough for wet twisting, as more fully described hereinafter.
In the accompanying Drawings which illustrate my invention, figure 1 is a
transverse vertical section of a twisting frame similar to that described in the
Specification of Letters Patent herein before referred to. The stopping devices are
shown applied to opposite sides of the frame, the devices on the left hand side
being shown as when twisting is in progress, while those on the right are shown as
when a thread has broken in front of the feed rollers and the twisting is stopped.
Figures 2 and 3 are respectively a sectional elevation and plan to a large scale, of
the parts of the stopping motion shown with water trough, as when wet twisting
is in progress. Figures 4 and 5 are respectively a sectional elevation and plan of

page_text: the parts of the stopping motion as adapted for dry or ordinary twisting. Figures 6
and 7 are detached views of the thread guide used for wet twisting. Figure 8 is a
plan of the combined thread guide starting and detector lever. Figures 9 and 10
are detached views of the adjustable bracket on which the foregoing lever is
centered. Figures 11 and 12 are views of one form of special detector which acts
when a thread breaks in front of feed rollers. Figure 13 is a front view of the
detector holder. Figures 14 and 15 are detached views of the combined catch and
guide plate fixed to the main rail 41. Figure 16 is a front elevation of the
adjustable roller holding and lifting bracket.
It will suffice here to describe the general operation of the main parts of the
machine, and then describe the detailed construction and operation of my combined
thread guide setting-on and detector lever and its application, which with all the
other parts above referred to, are arranged to work in combination with a water
trough when the frame is to be used for wet twisting. The threads 19 to be
twisted together are led from bobbins 20 or from cops, through one, two, or more
detectors 21, varying in number according to the number of bobbins from which
the strands are taken. When the threads are to be twisted wet, they are by
preference led through the shit a of the guide 22, in the usual traverse bar 23,
thence between the upper and lower feed rollers 24 and 25, back over the upper
feed roller through the slit b of the guide, down and round a glass rod 26 in the
water trough 27, upwards through the slit c of guide, and thence between the under
and top feed rollers, through the eye 28 at the front end of the thread-guide
setting-on or starting and detector lever 29, through the ring traveller 30 to the
twist bobbin 31, whose spindle 32 is driven by a cord 33 passing round a double
grooved pulley or a tin cylinder 34 on a driving shaft. For dry twisting (figures 4
and 5) the threads are by preference led from detectors 21 through a guide curl 22
in the transverse bar, thence between the upper and under feed rollers, and back
over the upper feed rollers round a glass stud 22' in the traverse bar, thence
between the under and upper feed rollers and through the eye 28 in the lever 29,
and through the ring traveller to the twist bobbin. When any thread breaks
behind the feed rollers, and its detector falls into the path of the rotating cam 35,
the latter pushes the detector holder 36 fixed on to a long curved arm 371 (figure 1)
and the vertical rod 37 of which it is a part, over against the pull of the spring 38,
until the catch plate 39 on the rod is disengaged from a catch and guiding piece 40
fixed on the main top rail 41. Then the counter-weight 42 will raise the rod 37,
and with it its long curved arm piece and the adjustable roller holding and lifting
piece 43, hereinafter described, with its top feed roller 24 clear of the under driven
roller 25 and stop the feed, and also raise the detectors 21 clear of the cam 35 and
move the combined thread-guide starting and detector lever 29 as hereinafter
described, from the position shown on left hand side of Figure 1, to the position
shown on the right hand side. At the same time the counter-weight 42 falling,
leaves the cord 33 slack, and holds the same with grips 44, so that the bobbin
spindles 32 will cease to revolve. The under feed roller 25 and the cam shaft 35
may receive their motion from the shaft carrying the double grooved pulley or tin
cylinder 34, through any suitable gearing, as indicated by dotted lines on figure 1.
The long curved balanced lever 29, which serves the threefold functions of a
thread-guide, starting, and detector lever, which is shown in figure 1, and on a
large scale in figures 2, 3, and 8, is centred on a small adjustable bracket 45,
(figures 9 and 10) fixed to the main rail 41. This lever is by preference provided
with a porcelain-lined eye 28 at its front end, and at its back and heavier end an
enlarged weighted piece 29' presenting a flat surface to operate on its special
detector, and a projecting piece 2911 on its under side to act on the projection 3711
on the long curved arm 37¹ of the vertical rod. The special detector 46, shown full
size in figures 11 and 12, and in working position in figures 1, 2, 4, and 13, consists
of a strip of thin metal or of wire, and it has a projecting rigid piece 46¹ towards
its centre, corresponding to the projecting feet of the other detectors 21, to be

page_text: acted on by the cam shaft 35. This special detector is adapted to the special
vertical slots 36¹ and 36¹¹ in the holder 36, and is held in it in other respects like
the other thread detectors. The vertical rod 37, which is kept in position by a
small catch and guiding piece 40, figures 14 and 15, has a long curved arm 37¹
(figures 2 and 15) and an angled piece at the inner end of same 371, to which the
detector holder is secured, and also a projection 3711 already referred to, which acts
and is acted on by the projection 29 on the lever 29. The curved arm 37' has
also a projection 37 to which the spring 38 is connected. The spring fixed thus
to similar projections on the curved arms of two opposite vertical rods, pulls the
long curved arms of each against the adjustable brackets 45, the latter thus being
made to act as additional guides for the vertical rods. The adjustable upper roller
holder and lifter 43, consists of two curved arms carried up and in front of the
lower roller 25, and has ledges 43¹ to embrace two sides of the top squared part of
the vertical rod 37 to which it is fixed, and it can be adjusted in height by means
of a set screw 47, to suit any size or diameter of top feed roller. The top part of
the curved arms are provided with slots for the journals of the top roller 24. The
water trough 27 for wet twisting is arranged to go into position, extending under
the under feed roller 25, and clear of all the working parts described, and can
easily be removed or filled with water, or emptied at will in the position it
occupies.
The combined thread-guide, starting, and detector lever is shown in figure 1,
with other stopping devices applied to both sides of a frame, on the left hand side
being shown as when the twisting is in progress and the strands 19 after they
have passed from the feed rollers 24 and 25 through the eye 28 at the front end of
the lever 29 to the ring traveller 30, and the twist bobbin 31. While the strands
are being twisted together into one thread and remain whole, the strain of the
thread keeps the front end of the lever down, tilts the heavier back end and raises
the rigid projecting part 46' of its special detector 46 in the detector holder clear
of the revolving cam, but should the thread 19 get broken or fail, the front end of
the detector tilts up, its other end falls and permits the projecting part of the
detector 46¹ to fall in the path of the revolving cam, which by pressing on it,
throws the vertical rod 37 forward, and disengages the catch plates, whereupon
the rod rises and lifts the lever with it, and simultaneously stops the feed of the
yarn, and places the detectors clear of the cam and stops the twisting spindle, as
shown on right hand side of figure 1, and as hereinbefore explained. The lever 29
also serves for re-starting the winding or winding and twisting operation after a
broken thread is pieced by pressing down the front end of it, whereby the detector
is lifted out of the path of the cam 35, and the vertical rod is pressed down until
the catch plates re-engage and the various parts are put in working position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is,
First. The arrangement of the tilting lever to serve the threefold functions of a
thread guide, a hand starting lever, and a detector lever, operating a stopping
mechanism when the partially twisted thread breaks in front of the feed roller,
substantially as herein described and illustrated.
Second. The combination of the auxiliary detector and the tilting lever which
sustains the detector, while the tension on the thread being twisted in front of
the feed roller is normal, but allows it to drop in the path of the cam to effect the
stopping of the winding action when such yarn fails or breaks, substantially as
herein described and illustrated.
Third. The improved arrangement of detector holder and detectors, with an
auxiliary detector operated by the yarn being twisted in front of the feel roller, in
addition to the usual detectors which are acted on by the individual strand or
strands of yarn behind the feed roller, substantially as herein described.

page_text: Fourth. The combination of the vertical lifting rod with the long curved arm to
which the detector holder is fixed, and with the adjustable bracket carrying and
lifting the feed roller, substantially as described and illustrated.
Fifth. The arrangement or combination of the parts of detecting and stopping
mechanism of winding and twisting machines with the water trough permitting of
the yarn being taken through the detectors, and passed through the water and the
feed rollers before being twisted, substantially as herein described and illustrated.
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