IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOOLLEN AND OTHER FABRICS."
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Elliot Hinchliffe, Black Dog Mills, of Leeds, in
the County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF WOOLLEN AND OTHER FABRICS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Elliot Hinchliffe at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 10th June 1873.
I, ELLIOT HINCHLIFFE, Black Dog Mills, of Leeds, in the County of
York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOOLLEN AND OTHER FABRICS," to be as
follows:-
My improvements are applicable to woollen or other woven or felted
fabrics, and are as hereafter described.
The object of my Invention is to produce a mixtures of colours which
cannot be produced in the ordinary mode of manufacture unless the
mixtures are prepared before the weft is spun. I by preference dye the
fabric to be operated upon before the milling process.

page_text: For the above purpose I employ flocks, or their equivalents, and grind
them very fine, varying them in colour in accordance with the required
mixture. This ground material is thrown over the fabric, which is then
passed through the milling machine, by which means the powdered
substance is forced into the fabric, producing thereby the required
mixture of colour.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of ՆԱՆԻԼԵՆՆԵՐԸ ԱՆՁԱՄ,
filed by the said Elliot Hinchliffe in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 9th December 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ELLIOT
HINCHLIFFE, Black Dog Mills, of Leeds, in the County of York, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Elliot Hinchliffe, Her
special licence that I, the said Elliot Hinchliffe, my executors.
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Elliot
Hinchliffe, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great,
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE Manufacture of WOOLLEN AND OTHER FABRICS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Elliot Hinchliffe,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Elliot Hinchliffe, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement, reference being had to the accom-
panying, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, that is to
say:―
My improvements are applicable to woollen and other woven or felted
fabrics, and are as hereafter described.
The object of my Invention is to produce a mixture of colours which
cannot be produced in the ordinary mode of manufacture unless the
mixtures are prepared before the weft is spun. I by preference dye the
fabric to be operated upon before the milling process.
For the above purpose I employ flocks, or their equivalents, and grind
them very fine, varying in colour in accordance with the required
mixture. This ground material is thrown over the fabric, which is then
passed through the milling machine, by which means the powdered
substance is forced into the fabric, producing thereby the required
mixture of colour.
The milling machine for the above purpose is of ordinary construction.
In order that my Invention may be more completely understood,
reference is given to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, shewing the
manner in which the same is to be carried into effect.
Fig. 1 is a transverse section of a milling or stiffening machine, which
I, when required, employ in the first operation.
Figs. 2, 3, and 4, shew ordinary milling machine with flocking
apparatus attached. When required I employ machine shewn at Fig. 1,
as first milling or stiffening machine, which is as hereafter described.
a is a trough, which is filled to a suitable extent with a liquid con-
sisting of flocks, soap and water combined, which mixture I term flock
liquor; b, c, d, and e are pressing rollers, between which the material is
passed, the top rollers b and c are made adjustable in their bearings, the
required amount of pressure being given to them by means of the
springs f, which are operated upon by hand wheels through screws h.
Other suitable known means may be employed for imparting the.
required pressure. i and ; are conducting or guide rollers. The whole

page_text: are mounted and carried between suitable framework k. The material
passing through the rolls b, c, d, and e, is made perfectly straight from
list to list, and in this state passes through the flock liquor in the
trough a, by which means an even quantity of flocks are laid over the
surface of the material, and forced into it as it passes between the
rollers b, c, d, and e. This process produces an even surface of flocks,
and prepares the material for the second process, which takes place in
the machine, shewn at Figs. 2, 3, and 4, which represent a milling
machine of ordinary construction, to which is applied a flock sieving
apparatus, for the purpose of distributing the pulverized flocks over the
surface of the material whilst passing through the milling operation.
a is an opening in the side of the machine, into which is fitted so as to
slide freely the sieve 6, a reciprocating motion being given thereto
through levers c and d from a cam or eccentric mounted on the bottom
roller shaft e. Other suitable known mechanical means may be employed
for imparting the required motion to the riddle or sieve.
The flocks are brought to a fine powder by means of an ordinary flock
powdering machine.
The material is prepared in the milling machine ready to receive the
flocks by pouring on to it liquid soap or soap and water. The piece in
this operation becomes heated while it is warm, and when the soap and
water have been sufficiently worked into the material by the milling
machine, it is then ready to receive the flocks, but at the same time great
care must be taken that the material is sufficiently moist, for if too dry
the flocks will not work into it.
When the material is ready for receiving the flocks they are placed on
the riddle or sieve b, as shewn at Fig. 3, motion being imparted to the
sieve b, the flocks gradually pass through it and on to the material to
which they adhere, and are carried up therewith through the milling
operation, which takes place between the rollers ƒ and g and spout h,
these being of ordinary construction. When the material has received
a sufficient quantity of flocks they fall off into the bottom of the machine
as shewn at i. After the milling process the material may be finished in
any ordinary way, as other similar materials.
When different mixtures of colours are required, flocks varying in 3
shade or colour are mixed together previous to being applied to the
material.

page_text: Thirdly. The application of milling machines, together with any mere
modifications of the same, substantially as and for purposes herein set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Elliot Hinchliffe, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three.