IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING, STAMPING, OR PULVERIZING ORES AND OTHER SUBSTANCES, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE FOR LIFTING, WINDING, AND OTHER PURPOSES."
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Nicholas Ennor, of New Cross, in the County
'
of Kent, Mining Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING, STAMPING, OR PULVERIZING ORES
AND OTHER SUBSTANCES, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE FOR
LIFTING, WINDING, AND OTHER PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Nicholas Ennor at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th January 1872.
I, NICHOLAS ENNOR, of New Cross, in the County of Kent, Mining
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING, STAMPING, OR PUL-
VERIZING ORES AND OTHER SUBSTANCES, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS. ARE
APPLICABLE FOR LIPTING, WINDING, AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
--
This Invention primarily consists in the employment of a lever or
levers of say from six to twenty-six feet in length, having their fulcra

page_text: at or near one end thereof, so that when the levers are moved up and
down at the long end anything connected with the shorter end moves
with them, and by these means I require a much smaller pull to lift or
drive stamps or other machinery to that which has been heretofore
required.
I will describe my Invention as applied to stamps for stamping ores
and other substances. I take a series of levers and mount them in a
gudgeon or gudgeons, or on shafts and pillars, or in any other way so that
the long ends of the levers may be free to rise and fall. The free ends
of the levers abut against a cam or drum, or a series of them, the drums.
being fitted with projections in such manner that as motion is communi-
cated to the revolving shaft or axle the drum or cams revolve, which
coming in contact with the free ends of the levers cause the latter to
rise so long as they are in contact with the drum, cam, or other
lifter, but as soon as the drum or cam is free of the lever the latter
falls. If the fulcrum is between the ends then the cam or drum
in depressing one end raises the other or stamp end. To these
levers I connect any desired number of stampers or bruisers, thus
as the drum or cams revolve so the levers rise and fall, and conse-
quently the stampers or bruisers with them. The cams are so fitted:
or the axle or drum is so arranged that the levers are moved, and with
them the stampers one after the other in the ordinary way.
.
To lessen the friction the cams or projections may be fitted with.
rollers. I employ any number of revolving shafts fitted with the before-
mentioned drums or cams for working the stampers, and these can be
made to act by lifting up or by pressing down the weight, and be driven
by crank and connecting rod from any prime mover, or the levers may
be arranged in a circle or otherwise and driven direct from a steam
cylinder or any other motive power.
Although I have particularly described this part of my Invention as a
applied to machinery for stamping or crushing ores and other materials,
still it is applicable to other purposes, as for example to pumps and for
raising or lifting ores, minerals, stone, rubbish, above or below the
surface of the earth, or from mines, open pits, quarries, or otherwise.
The second part of my Invention consists in making the gratings &
by and through which the stamped or crushed ore or other material

page_text: escapes of an angular, saddle back, or half saddle back shape, so that
the crushed ore or other material as it is thrown against the angular
perforated surfaces falls through, and is carried off with much greater
facility than heretofore to the gutter or drain.
Or I employ a half round or flat grate with a sliding reciprocating
motion.
My Invention further consists in working say from one to hundred
lifters or stampers, or any other number, in one or more "covers" or
"coffers" in combination with my saddle or half saddle back grate
before described, each discharging the pulverized substances from the
heads attached to two sets of lifters, each discharging opposite the intake
the substances passing through the grates from the stampers to the side
opposite the intake, as in apparatus of known construction, or by
revolving drum grating fixed within or outside the "cover," as may be
required to facilitate the discharge, or by sliding or inclined grating,
shoots, or otherwise, and so to run all the substances into a revolving
drum outside the cover.
My Invention lastly consists in fixing or adapting at an angle or
otherwise a table or platform by chains and rollers, having a recipro-
cating motion or motions to feed the ore or other material to the intake
of stamps for bringing in the substances to be crushed under the heads,
whereby greater regularity in the feed is produced, and without any
stoppage in the feed, as is now often the case.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Nicholas Ennor in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 29th July 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, NICHOLAS
ENNOR, of New Cross, in the County of Kent, Mining Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of January, in the
year of our Lord One. thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,

page_text: give and grant unto me, the said Nicholas Ennor, Her special licence
that I, the said Nicholas Ennor, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Nicholas Ennor, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING, STAMPING, OR PULVERIZING ORE AND OTHER SUB-
STANCES, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE FOR LIFTING, WINDING,
AND OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Nicholas Ennor, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Nicholas Ennor, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings,
and to the letters of reference marked thereon, that is to say:-
-
This Invention primarily consists in the employment of a lever or
levers of say from six to twenty-six feet in length, having their fulcra
at or near one end thereof, so that when the levers are moved up and
down at the long end anything connected with the shorter end moves
with them, and by these means I require a much smaller pull to lift or
drive stamps or other machinery to that which has been heretofore
required.
I will describe my Invention as applied to stamps for stamping ores
and other substances. I take a series of levers and mount them on a
gudgeon or gudgeons, or on shafts and pillars, or in any other way so
that the long ends of the levers may be free to rise and fall. The free
ends of the levers abut against a cam or drum, or a series of them, the
drums being fitted with projections in such manner that as motion is
communicated to the revolving shaft or axle the drum or cams revolve,
which coming in contact with the free ends of the levers cause the

page_text: latter to rise so long as they are in contact with the drum, cam, or other.
lifter, but as soon as the drum or cam is free of the lever the latter falls.
If the fulcrum is between the ends then the cam or drum in depress-
ing one end raises the other or stamp end. To these levers I connect
any desired number of stampers or bruisers, thus as the drum or cams
revolve so the levers rise and fall, and consequently the stampers or
bruisers with them. The cams are so fitted or the axle or drum is so
arranged that the levers are moved, and with them the stampers one
after the other in the ordinary way.
To lessen the friction the cams or projections may be fitted with
rollers. I employ any number of revolving shafts fitted with the before-
mentioned drums or cams for working the stampers, and these can be
made to act by lifting up or by pressing down the weight, and be driven
by crank and connecting rod from any prime mover, or the levers may
be arranged in a circle or otherwise and driven direct from a steam
cylinder or any other motive power.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a side elevation of a lever
with a single stamp or bruiser connected to it for stamping or pulverizing
orė, being an element of my Invention. a is the lever with its fulcrum
at b; c is the stamp head connected to the lever a by the rod d; e is a
drum or cam carrying projections, which on having rotary motion
communicated to it gives an up-and-down motion to the lever a, and
consequently to the rod d and stamp head c.
Figure 1 shews a shaft s, on which are mounted seven drum
flanges e, having pins fastened between near the circumference, and thus
forming 6 drums or cams for working 6 or 12 stamp head levers. The
pins have here rollers in order to diminish the friction against the end
of the levers. is the crank which receives motion from some suitable.
motor.
Figure 2 is a section of a set of say 3 levers, with a corresponding
number of stamp heads, which are caused to rise and fall alternately by
the cams or drums e, as in Figure 1ª..
Figure 3 is a view of a double set of levers, one set being to the right

page_text: are caused to rise and fall alternately, and in this way the same cam or
drum is caused to drive a double set of stamps, and double work is
done.
Fig. 3 shows one element of an arrangement with an additional
set of heads, which may be worked from the levers nearer the fulcrum
as shewn. The fore heads then reduce the rough stone, while the second
heads take the smaller pieces. These additional heads may be worked
or not as required.
Figure 4 is a side elevation, partly in section, of another arrangement
for stamps wherein I am enabled to bring the levers a down close to the
stamp heads themselves, and in this way to dispense with the connecting
rods d.as in the previous arrangements; d', d', are links which are used
in place of the connecting rods d, d, whereby the stamp heads c are
linked or joined to the levers a, a. These levers are driven by drums
with projections as before, and which receive rotary motion from any
prime mover, for example water or steam.
The levers may in this case be arranged on one side only of the drum,
or on both sides as desired, and any required number of heads may be
used according to the power available for driving them, or as may be
required or desired.
Although I have particularly described this part of my Invention as
applied to machinery for stamping or crushing ores and other materials,
still it is applicable to other purposes, as for example to pumps and for
raising or lifting ores, minerals, stone, or rubbish above or below the
surface of the earth or from mines, open pits, quarries, or otherwise.
The second part of my Invention consists in making the gratings by
and through which the stamped or crushed orc or other material escapes
of an angular, saddle back, or half saddle back shape, so that the
crushed ore or other material as it is thrown against the angular per-
forated surfaces falls through, and is carried off with much greater
facility than heretofore to the gutter or drain.
Or I employ a half round or flat grate with a sliding reciprocating
motion.

page_text: shape or angular; c, c, are the stamp heads, which are arranged in two
rows, the levers operating the same being alternately short and long
to suit.
Figure 6 is a side elevation, partly in section, of a similar grating.
fitted to a revolving grate for carrying off and for washing the ore as it
leaves the stamps and has passed through the grating; i. is a round
grate, which is caused to revolve by power or otherwise. It is mounted
on a shaft, which is set at an incline as shewn, and it is into this
revolving grate that the ore comes from the stamps through the saddle
back gratings before described or otherwise. k is a trough over which
the grate i revolves; 7 is a tube or passage leading from the trough k,
and whereby the contents of the trough k are carried off; m is a vessel
or jigging sieve, linked at n at one end to a standard and connected at
the other to the forked rod o, which has a reciprocating motion imparted
to it, and consequently gives an up-and-down motion to the vessel m,
which latter is placed in a trough p containing water as shewn. The
dotted lines shew the altered position of the sieve m. Below the
trough p or at the end thereof there is another revolving grate ¿¹ similar
to the grate i. These grates may be mounted on the same or on separate
shafts as found most convenient.
Now the action is as follows:-Ore first comes into the revolving
grate, which if stamped sufficiently small falls through the grating as
it revolves, but the rest, viz., the larger pieces, pass out at the open end
of the grate, and are thence carried off to be stamped over again or not
as required. That portion which has fallen through the grating is con-
veyed by the pipe to the vessel m, which being perforated at bottom
and continually having a shaking or up-and-down motion, a good
portion of the ore falls through the same into the trough p, while the
lighter portion is carried off to the revolving grate i¹.
Figure 7 shews another arrangement wherein I employ two revolving
grates with a division between them so as to convey ore from separate
sets of stamps. Each of these revolving grates may lead off to separate
and distinct washing apparatus as before described, or to one and the
same apparatus, or to other washing apparatus or other arrangements for
washing as found advisable.
Figure 8 is a plan. and Figure 9 is a vertical section of a grate which

page_text: described.
Figure 9 shews a modification of the last-named grate, being made
concave instead of convex; in these cases h¹ is the grating, which is
loose and free to slide upon the frame or guide q; r is a rod or rods
connected to the grating to give a to-and-fro motion to it when required,
and that motion may be continuous or intermittant as required. This
part of the Invention therefore consists in working say from one to a
hundred lifters or stampers, or any other number, in one or more
covers or coffers in combination with my saddle or half saddle back
grate before described, each discharging the pulverized substances from
the heads attached to two sets of lifters, each discharging opposite the
intake the substances passing through these grates from the stampers to
the side opposite the intake as in apparatus of known construction, or by
revolving drum grating fixed within or outside the cover, as may be
required to facilitate the discharge, or by sliding or inclined grating,
shoots, or otherwise, and so to run all the substances into a revolving
drum outside the cover.
My Invention lastly consists in fixing or adapting at an angle or
otherwise a table or platform, and by chains and rollers having a recipro-
cating motion or motions to feed the ore or other material to the intake
of stamps for bringing in the substances to be crushed under the heads,
whereby greater regularity in the feed is produced, and without any
stoppage in the feed as is now often the case. Or in some cases a
roller revolving continuously is made to bring the ore off the slanting
platform.
Fig. 10 is a sectional side elevation of such an arrangement.
Motion is communicated to the gear wheel A. On the same shaft there
is at each end spoke wheels B, which by means of endless chains com-
municate motion to the spoke wheels C on the lower roller, which by its
revolution, which is very slow, draws the ore slowly and evenly from off
the slanting platform D; c, c, are the stamp heads.
And having now described the nature of this Invention, and the mode
of carrying the same into effect, I declare that I claim as my improve-
ments in machines or apparatus for crushing, stamping, and pulverizing
ore and other substances, parts of which improvements are applicable
for lifting, winding, and other purposes,-