Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Aug., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 16th Apr., 1859
Complete Specification Accepted, 25th May, 1889
We, ARTHUR GUYON PURCHAS, Surgeon, and JOHN EDWARD FRIEND, Engineer,
both of Auckland, in the Colony of New Zealand, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:--
Our invention relates to that class of motor in which a mixture of hydro-carbon
vapour or gas and air is admitted through suitable openings or ports into a cylinder
where it is ignited in order by its explosion to impart force to a piston working in the
said cylinder and the objects of our invention are to produce a simple and efficient
motor of this class and to provide improved means for mixing hydro-carbon vapour or
gas with air and for supplying such mixture automatically to the said motor and for
automatically regulating the supply of the mixture to the cylinder of the motor.
In carrying our invention into practice we provide a suitable bed plate on which we
secure a cylinder of special form having suitable inlet and exhaust ports constructed
and operating as hereinafter described.
The cylinder is made of two diameters the outer part or working cylinder being the
smaller of the two. The larger or inner part acts as the pump and compressor.
The
piston also is of two diameters whereof one fits the outer part and is the working
portion and the other fits the larger part of the cylinder and by its movement to
and fro alternately draws in and compresses the mixture.
Inside this cylinder and working freely to and fro is a piston of special construction
connected by means of a connecting rod with the crank of a crank shaft whereby the
force generated by the ignition of the mixture in the said cylinder may be com-
municated through a fly wheel secured on the said crank shaft to a machine locomotive
or the like.
Arranged in any convenient position adjacent to the cylinder of our improved
hydro-carbon motor is a suitable chamber or vessel hereinafter referred to as the
mixing chamber for containing and mixing the hydro-carbon gas or vapour with air
and a pipe is led from this chamber to the suction valve of the larger part of the
cylinder in order to convey the mixture of vapour or gas and air to the said cylinder

page_text: where it is compressed and forced into the working cylinder through the inlet pipe a
suitable valve being provided in the said pipe to prevent the mixture being forced
back into the pump cylinder.
The mixture being thus compressed into the space between the working piston and
the end of the cylinder it is ignited at the proper moment by any suitable means and
baving driven the piston nearly to the end of its stroke the resultant gases are allowed
to escape through an exhaust port provided for that purpose which is uncovered by
the movement of the piston.
A suitable governor valve is provided in the feed pipe leading from the mixing
chamber to the suction valve of the pump cylinder whereby the supply of mixture
may be partly or wholly cut off and air substituted therefor. In some cases we prefer
to employ two or more motor cylinders as for instance in a locomotive.
Dated this Eleventh day of August One thousand eight hundred and eighty-eight.

page_text: We, ARTHUR GUYON PURCHAS, of Auckland, in the Colony of New Zealand,
Surgeon, and JOHN EDWARD FRIEND, of the same place, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to that class of motor in which a mixture of hydro-carbon
vapour or gas and air is admitted through suitable openings or ports into a cylinder
where it is ignited in order by its explosion to impart force to a piston working in the
said cylinder, and the objects of our invention are to produce a simple and efficient
motor of this class and to provide improved means for mixing hydro-carbon vapour or
gas with air and for supplying such mixture automatically to the said motor and for
automatically regulating the supply of the mixture to the cylinder of the motor.
In carrying our invention into practice we provide a suitable bed-plate on which we
secure a cylinder of special form having suitable inlet and exhaust ports constructed
and operating as hereinafter described. The cylinder is made of two diameters the
outer part or working cylinder being the smaller of the two, the larger or inner part
acts as the pump and compressor. The piston also is of two diameters whereof one
fits the outer part and is the working portion and the other fits the larger part of the
cylinder and by its movement to and fro alternately draws in and compresses the
mixture. Inside this cylinder and working freely to and fro is a piston of special
construction connected by means of a connecting rod with the crank of a crank shaft
whereby the force generated by the ignition of the mixture in the said cylinder may
be communicated through a fly-wheel secured on the said crank shaft to a machine
locomotive or the like.
Arranged in any convenient position adjacent to the cylinder of our improved
hydro-carbon motor is a suitable chamber or vessel hereinafter referred to as the
mixing chamber for containing and mixing the hydro-carbon gas or vapour with air
and a pipe is led from this chamber to the suction valve of the larger part of the
cylinder in order to convey the mixture of vapour or gas and air to the said cylinder
where it is compressed and forced into the working cylinder through the inlet pipe, a
suitable valve being provided in the said pipe to prevent the mixture being forced back
into the pump cylinder.
The mixture being thus compressed into the space between the working piston and
the end of the cylinder it is ignited at the proper moment by any suitable means and
having driven the piston nearly to the end of its stroke the resultant gases are allowed
to escape through an exhaust port provided for that purpose which is uncovered by the
movement of the piston. A suitable governor valve is provided in the feed pipe
leading from the mixing chamber to the suction valve of the pump cylinder whereby
the supply of mixture may be partly or wholly cut off and air substituted therefor.
Our invention further consists in certain improvements in the construction of these

page_text: Refering wo
Figure 1 is a horizontal section of a hydro-carbon motor constructed according to
our invention.
Figure 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of the same.
Figure 3 is a vertical transverse section on line x x Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a similar section on line y y Figure 2.
Figure 5 is a vertical section of our mixing chamber.
Figure 6 is a vertical section of the governor valve hereinbefore mentioned.
Figure 7 is a horizontal section of a modified construction of our hydro-carbon
motors, and
Figures 8 and 9 are vertical transverse sections on the lines x and y y (Figure 7)
respectively.
Figure 10 is a vertical section of an improved form of centrifugal governor that
we sometimes employ in combination with stationary hydro-carbon motors.
A represents the bed-plate, B B the motor parts of the cylinders, C C the
pump part of the cylinders, D D the pistons working to and fro in same, EE
the connecting rods and F the crank shaft of our improved hydro-carbon motor.
The motor cylinder is provided with an exhaust port 62 (opened as hereinafter
described by the piston D) whereby the products of combustion of the mixture are
permitted to escape from the said motor-cylinder.
The construction and arrangement of the cylinder and piston shewn in Figure 7
is substantially the same as that hereinbefore described except that it is formed in
two parts which are secured together by a bolt d as shown. G, Figure 5, represents
the mixing chamber containing liquid hydro-carbon 9 and provided with an inlet
valve g¹ and an outlet pipe g² whereby the gaseous mixture of hydro-carbon and air
ay be withdrawn and conveyed to the suction valve; of the pump cylinder CC.
I Figure 6 is the governor valve provided (as herein before mentioned) in the feed
pipe leading from the mixing chamber G to the suction valve of the pump cylinder C.
The said valve consists of a cylinder in which works a piston ¹ arranged to he
operated as desired by means of the piston rod working through the stuffing-box 23
in such a manner as to close the mixture inlet port and to open the air inlet port 25
thus shutting off the supply of hydro-carbon and air mixture to the cylinder and
substituting air therefor.
The operation of our improved hydro-carbon motor when constructed as described
is as follows that is to say-Assuming the various parts to be in the positions shewn
in Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings then if the crank shaft F is turned (by hand
or otherwise) in the direction indicated by the arrows the piston D on the right
hand side of the motor illustrated in the said figures will be drawn forward thus
drawing mixture through the suction valve j into the pump cylinder C and through
the inlet valve into the rearward portion of the cylinder B; then as the crank
continues to be rotated it will cause the piston D to travel back again thus compressing
the contents of B and C into the space between the piston D and the end of C. As
soon as the crank passes the centre the charge is ignited by any suitable means as
by an electric spark thus imparting force to the piston C and thence through the
connecting rod to the crank shaft F and the momentum so acquired by the moving
parts of our improved hydro-carbon motor will carry the piston on into position to
begin another similar cycle of movements.
It will of course be obvious that the motor cylinder pump cylinder piston and
connecting rod on the left hand of the motor illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 will act
in a precisely similar manner to the corresponding parts on the right hand side of the
said-motor but at different or opposite times and as each piston receives an impulse at
each revolution of the crank shaft it follows that with the arrangement illustrated the
fly-wheel will receive two impulses at each revolution.

page_text: The centrifugal governor illustrated in Figure 10 is intended for use with stationary
hydro-carbon motors. The pair of governor balls K K are pivotted between a pair of
lugs k k projecting from the sleeve L which is arranged to rotate with the vertical
spindle M so that as the speed of the engine increases the said balls will fly out by
centrifugal force and will raise the said sleeve and thereby shut off the supply of
mixture at the valve N.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
First. The improved hydro-carbon motor hereinbefore described consisting essen-
tially of a cylinder (or cylinders) of two diameters B and C, special piston D,
connecting rod E and crank-shaft F, the whole arranged combined and operating
substantially as herein specified, reference being had to the accompanying
drawings.
Second. The employment in combination with a hydro-carbon motor, of the
mixing chamber G constructed substantially as herein described and as illustrated in
Figure 5 of the accompanying drawings.
Third. The employment in combination with a hydro-carbon motor of the governor
valve constructed substantially as herein described and as illustrated in Figure 6
of the accompanying drawings.
Fourth. In a hydro-carbon motor the employment of a piston such as D made in
two parts joined together by a bolt or the like substantially as herein specified and as
illustrated in Figure 7 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this Sixteenth day of April One thousand eight hundred and eighty-
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicants.