IMPROVEMENTS IN PICKS OR MANDRILS SUCH AS ARE USED FOR CUTTING COAL AND OTHER MINERALS."
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Freiderich Wilhelm Däline, of Swansea, and David
Thomas, of Cwm Avon, Taibach, South Wales, Engineers, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PICKS OR MANDRILS SUCH AS ARE USED FOR
CUTTING COAL AND OTHER MINERALS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Freiderich Wilhelm Dähne
and David Thomas at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 13th November 1866.
We, FREIDERICH WILHELMI DÄHNE, of Swansea, and DAVID THOMAS, of
Cwin Avon, Taibach, South Wales, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PICKS OR MANDRILS SUCH AS ARE
USED FOR CUTTING COAL AND OTHER MINERALS," to be as follows:-'
This Invention has for its object improvements in picks or mandrils such as
are used for cutting, coal and other minerals. The picks or mandrils now
-employed in cutting coal and other minerals by hand labour consist of a
.wooden handle with a head fitted on to it; the head is in one piece of inetal,
and it is pointed at each end, and it has a hole through it, into which the

page_text: handle is fitted; these picks in use soon become blunted, and then the
entire instrument has to be brought to the surface to be sharpened.
Now according to our Invention in place of making the head of the pick
or mandril in one piece we form the point or points separate from the
other parts of the head, and so that they can be removed and replaced at
pleasure; by this arrangement when the points become blunt they can be
removed and sent to the surface to be sharpened, whilst in the meantime the
pick may continue in use another point having been fitted into it.. We form
in the head of the pick a socket or sockets on one or both sides of the hole
which receives the handle, and we make the moveable steel points with stems
which fit into these sockets, and are there secured by locking screws or other
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Freiderich Wilhelm Dähne and David Thomas in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 11th May 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, FREIDERICH
WILHELM DAHNE, of Swansea, and DAVID THOMAS, of Cwm Avon, Taibach,
South Wales, Engineers, send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patènt, bearing date the Thirteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Freiderich Wilhelm Dähne and David Thomas, Her special licence
that we, the said Freiderich Wilhelm Dähne and David Thomas, our exe-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Freiderich
Wilhelm Dähne and David Thomas, our executors, administrators, and
, assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PICKS OR MANDRILS SUCH AS ARE USED FOR CUTTING COAL AND
OTHER MINERALS," upon the condition. (amongst others) that we, the said
Freiderich Wilhelm Dähne. and David Thomas, our executors or adminis
trators, by an instrument in writing under our or their hands and seals,
'or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly

page_text: describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
"
.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Freiderich Wilhelm Dähne and
David Thomas, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the picks or mandrils
such as are used for cutting coal and other minerals. The picks or mandrils
now employed in cutting coal and other minerals by hand labour consist of a
wooden handle with a head fitted on to it; the head is in one piece of metal,
and it is pointed at each end, and it has a hole through it into which the
handle is fitted; these picks in use soon become blunted, and then the entire
instrument has to be brought to the surface to be sharpened.
Now according to our Invention in place of making the head of the pick
or mandril in one piece we form the point or points separate from the other
parts of the head, and so that they can be removed and replaced at pleasure.
By this arrangement when the points become blunt they can be removed and
sent to the surface to be sharpened, whilst in the meantime the pick may
continue in use, another point having been fitted into it. We form in the
head of the pick a socket or sockets on one or both sides of the hole which
receives the handle, and we make the moveable steel points with stems
which fit into these sockets, and are then secured by locking screws or other
convenient means.
In the Drawings hereunto annexed are shown two picks, the points of
which are separate from the other parts of the head, so that they can be
removed and replaced. at pleasure, as above described. The pick shown at
Figures 1 and 2 only varies from the pick shown at Figures 3 and 4 in the
form of the sockets which receive the stems of the moveable points, and also
varies from it slightly in form; we would, however, here remark that other
forms of picks or mandrils than those shown in the Drawing may be con-
structed with moveable points, and that the sockets also for receiving the stems
of the moveable points may be made of other forms than those shown.
In the Drawings, a, a, are the heads of the picks which are suitably formed
at the centre of their length for being fixed on a wooden handle, and at each
end are formed with sockets b, b; to receive the stems c³ of the moveable steel
points c; d, d, are the binding screws for securely holding the stems of the

page_text: point in the sockets. The Drawings show one only of the points of each pick
fixed to the head, the points at the opposite end of the head, being shown out
of their sockets.
In witness whereof, we, the said. Freiderich Wilhelm "Dähne and David
Thomas; have hereunto set our lands and seals, this Tenth day. of
May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-