IMPROVEMENTS IN THE DISTILLATION OF SPIRITUOUS AND OTHER LIQUORS,
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Arthur Dudgeon, of No. 22, Great George Street,
Westminster, and No. 41, Stephen's Green, Dublin, Engineer, for an Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE DISTILLATION OF SPIRITUOUS AND OTHER LIQUORS,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur Dudgeon at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st June 1880.
ARTHU DUDGEON, of No. 22, Great Goorge Street, Westminster, and No. 41,
Stephen's Green, Dublin, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE DISTILLATION OF
SPIRITUOUS AND OTHER LIQUORS, AND IN APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED THEREFOR."
The Invention consists of improvements upon the Invention of George Johnston,
which said Invention of the said George Johnston forms the subject of the Patent,
No. 1568, dated 20th May 1869, and is described in the Specification in pursuance
of the conditions of Letters Patent filed by the said George Johnston in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 20th November 1869.
The first improvement consists in the separate distillation of the wash into low
wines in a still constructed as shewn in Fig. 1 of Drawing annexed hereto, the
open fire at the bottom of the still being omitted, and the boiling of the wash being
effected by means of a close steam coil, the circulation of the wash being
maintained by an open steam coil with radial arms perforated with holes, so as to
cause the steam to sweep the bottom of the still and so avoid the deposition of the
sediment.
The second improvement consists in the separate distillation of the low wines
into coarse spirits or feints in a still constructed as shown in Fig. 2 of Drawing
annexed horeto, the open fire at the bottom of the still being omitted, and the
boiling of the low wines being effected by means of a close steam coil, the
circulation of the low wines being maintained by an open steam pipo and ball
termination at the bottom of the still, or perforated termination with small radial
arms, as shewn.
The third improvement consists in the arrangement of the vapour outlet from the
low wines still, as shewn on Drawing, the outlet from the still being conducted
into a chamber containing a two way valve, by opening or shutting which the
vapour may be conducted either to a separate condenser in connection with the low
wines still or into the bottom of the spirit still, as shewn on the Drawing. By this
arrangement the vapour from the low wines when running weak may be increased
greatly in spirituosity, thus avoiding the necessity of collection of large quantities
of weak feints for retreatment.

page_text: The fourth improvement consists in the construction of the spirit still in the
manner shewn upon the Drawing annexed, and in the separato distillation of the
spirits from coarse spirits and feints to fine spirits, and in the omission of the open
fire and substitution of a close steam boiling coil and open steam pipe, as described
before, to the low wines still.
The fifth improvement consists in arranging the condensing cold water coils in
the chambers of the spirit still in such a manner that the coil is always filled with
the water, the outlet of each coil being above the inlet, and each coil being supplied
by a separate cold water inlet valve, but so arranged that they may be worked
together or separately.
The sixth improvement consists in so constructing the perforated pipes through
which the vapours pass from chamber to chamber that when desired the vapor, as
it is emitted from the perforations in the aforesaid pipes, is caused to impinge
against a bell shaped disc in place of the close coils in the upper part of the
chamber in order that the whole of the vapor when necessary may be brought
into contact directly with the cooling surface, and so forced to deposit those
substances the boiling points of which are of a lower temperature than the under
surface of the disc through which the cooling water is circulating.
The seventh improvement consists in providing each and all the chambers with
a gauge for ascertaining the height of the liquor therein, thus giving the means
of ascertaining whether the still is working with precision and regularity in all its
parts.
The eighth improvement consists in the introduction of a thermometer in the
head of the spirit still at the point at which the vapours loave the still, so that the
operator may have it in his power to regulate the temperature of the vapours by
means of a steam valve and water condensing pipes, and so render the temperature
of the vapours uniform while running the fine spirit.
The following are the references to the Drawings annexed hereto:
Fig. 1 is the wash still, in which a is the closo coil; b is the open steam pipe.
Fig. 2 is the low wines still, in which a is the cose coil, and 6 is the open steam
pipe; is the two way valve.
Fig. 3 is the spirit still, in which a is the vapor pipe; bis tho close coil; c is
the open steam pipe; c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, and c6, are the chambers, which each
contain a bottom diaphragm with a hole through same, with distributing vapor
pipes herein before referred to, and also at top of each the close cold water coils
herein before referred to; d is the vertical cold water supply pipe, and a is the outlet
pipe from coils; is a water inlet pipe for cleansing the still and reducing the
spirituosity of the liquors to be distilled when necessary; g is the thermometer at
bead, and is the vapor pipe to condensers.
I claim the whole of the improvements herein before specified in whole or in part,
as well as the combination of the said improvements with the Invention of the
said Georgo Johnston in whole or in part, and the combination of the said
Invention of tho said George Johnston and all or any of the aforesaid improvements
with any and all other distilling apparatus in whole or in part, whether for
spirituous liquors, aromatic liquers, mineral oils, tars, or any other liquors, vapors,
or gases proceeding from the wet or dry distillation of any substance whatever, the
products of which being formed of constituents having various boiling temperatures
it is desired to separate by fractional distillation, and I do not bind myself to any
precise mode of carrying out the foregoing Invention and improvements; the size of
the various chambers, their number, their relative position, and the nature of the
material used in their construction. must vary necessarily with the nature of the
material submitted to distillation, but I claim the Inventiors, improvements, and
combinations in whole or in part, or any mere modification thereof, substantially as
herein before described.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance, of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Arthur Dudgeon in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 17th
December 1880.
Es
ARTHUR DUDGEON, of Number. 22, Great George Street, Westminster, and
Number 41, Stephen's. Green, Dublin, Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS. IN THE
DISTILLATION OF SPIRITUOUS AND OTHER LIQUORS, AND IN APPARATUS TO BẸ
EMPLOYED THEREFOR.".
'
..
The Invention consists of improvements upon the Invention of George Johnston,
which said Invention forms, the subject of the Patent, Number 1568, dated the
Twentieth May, One thousand eight hundred and sixty nine, and is described in
the Specification in pursuance of the conditions of Letters Patent filed by the said
George Johnston in the Great Seal Patent Office on the Twentieth November, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty nine.
•
The first improvement consists in the separate distillation of the wash into low
wines in a still constructed as shewn in Figure 1 of Drawing annexed hereto, the
open fire at the bottom of the still being omitted, and the boiling of the wash being
effected by means of a close steam coil, the circulation of the wash being
maintained by an open steam coil with radial arms perforated with holes, so as to
cause the steam to sweep the bottom of the still and so prevent the deposition of
the sediment.
The second improvement consists in the separate distillation of the low wines
into coarse spirits or feints in a still constructed as shown in Figure 2 of Drawing
annexed hereto, the open fire at the bottom of the still being omitted, and the
boiling of the low wines being effected by means of a close steam coil, the
circulation of the low wines being maintained by an open steam pipe and ball
termination at the bottom of the still, or by a perforated termination with small
radial arms, as shewn.
The third improvement consists in the arrangement of the vapor outlet from the
low wines still, as shown on Drawing, the outlet from the still being conducted
into a chamber containing a two-way valve, by opening or shutting which the
vapor may be conducted either to a separate condenser in connection with the low
wines still or into the bottom of the spirit still, as shewn on the Drawing. By this
arrangement the vapor from the low wines when running weak may be increased
greatly in spirituosity, thus avoiding the collection of large quantities of weak
feints for re-distillation.
The fourth improvement consists in the construction of the spirit still in tho
manner shewn upon the Drawing annexed, and in the separate distillation of the
spirits from coarse spirits and feints to fine spirits or finished spirits, and in
the omission of the open firo and substitution of a close steam boiling coil and open
steam pipe, as described before, to the low wines still.
The fifth improvement consists in arranging the condensing cold water coils in
the chambers of the spirits still in such a manner that the coils are always filled
with the water, the outlet of each coil being above the inlet, and each coil being
supplied by a separate cold water inlet valvo, but so arranged that they may be
worked together or separately.
The sixth improvement consists in so constructing the perforated pipes through.
which the vapors pass from chamber to chamber that when desired the vapor, as it
is emitted from the perforations in the aforesaid pipes, is caused to impinge against
a bell shaped, flat, or hollow disc, in place of the close coils in the upper part of the
chambers in order that the whole of the vapor when necessary may be brought
into contact directly with the cooling surface, and so forced to deposit those
substances the boiling points of which are of a lower temperature than the under
surface of the disc-through which the cooling water is circulating.

page_text: The seventh improvement consists in providing each and all the chambers with a
gauge or gauges for ascertaining the height of the liquor therein.
The eighth improvement consists in the introduction of a thermometer in the
head of the spirit still at the point at which the vapors lcavo the still, so that the
operator may have it in his power to regulate the temperature of the vapors by
means of the steam valve and water condensing pipes, and so render the temperature
of the vapors uniform while running the fine spirit.
The following are the references to the Drawing annexed hereto. Figure 1 is
the wash still, in which a is the close coil, and b the open steam pipo. Figure 2 is
the low wines still, in which a is the close coil, and b the open steam pipe; X is the
two-way valve.
Figure 3 is the spirit still, in which a is the vapor pipe; bis the close coil; c is
the
open steam pipe; c1, c2, c3, c4, c 5, and c6, are the chambers, which each
contain a bottom diaphragm with a holo through same with distributing vapor pipe
herein before referred to, and also at top of each the close cold water coils herein
before referred to; d is the cold water vertical supply pipe, and e is the outlet pipe
from coils; is a cold water inlet pipe for cleansing the still or for reducing the
spirituosity of the liquors when necessary; g is the thermometer at head, and is
the vapor pipe to condenser.
I claim the whole of the improvements hereinbefore specified in whole or in part,
as well as the combination of tho said improvements with the Invention of the said
George Johnston in whole or in part, and the combination of the said Invention of
the said George Johnston and all or any of the aforesaid improvements with any
and all other distilling apparatus in whole or in part, whether for spirituous
liquors, aromatic liquors, mineral oils, tars, or any other liquids, gases, or vapors
proceeding from the wet or dry distillation of any substance whatever, the products
of which being formed of constituents having various boiling temperatures it is
desired to separate by fractional distillation, and I do not bind myself to any
precise mode of carrying out the said Invention; the sizes of the various chambers,
their number, their relative position, and the nature of tho material used in
their construction must necessarily vary with the nature of the material submitted
to distillation, but I claim the Inventions, improvements, and combinations in
whole or in part, or any mere modification thereof, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Arthur Dudgeon, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, the Fourteenth day of December, in the year of our Lord Onc
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
ARTHUR DUDGEON. (L.S.)