Improvements in Apparatus for Aërating and Bottling Liquids.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Mar., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 18th Dec., 1890-Accepted, 7th Mar., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Aërating and Bottling Liquids.
I, HENRY TIPPING, of 38, Crooms Hill, Greenwich, in the County of Kent,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for the aërating and
bottling of liquids.
In carrying out my invention I employ a vessel of copper, brass or other suitable
metal, constructed in such a form as to withstand a high internal pressure, the walls
of the vessel are (preferably) cylindrical, the lower end preferably eggshaped, the
other end or top is fitted with a suitable moveable cover, this cover is fitted inside,
or underneath with a finely perforated plate, and placed in such a manner that
water or other liquid is admitted to the space between the cover and the perforated
plate, and is forced by a pump, or falls by gravity through the holes in the per-
forated plate into the gas, and under pressure absorbs the gas and thus becomes well
blended and aërated.
The liquid or other gas is admitted to the chamber at the bottom into a centre
swivel piece to which are attached two or more small pipes, in which pipes are
formed small holes, so as to admit of the gas leaving the pipes or arms in such a
direction that the gas on leaving the arms, by acting on the water or other liquid
will cause the arms to recede and thus revolve, thus the gas is dispersed through the
liquor at or near the bottom of the vessel, and what is not absorbed by the liquor
ascends into the space above the level of the liquor in the vessel.
The operation of aërating is performed by admitting water or other liquià to the
chamber above the perforated plate in the cover, and simultaneously admitting the
gas through the pipes in the bottom of the vessel, the liquid descending in fine jets
comes in contact with and absorbs the gas. When a quantity of aërated water has
thus accumulated in the vessel all the gas admitted passes through it thus further
securing and ensuring the most thorough blending and aeration of the liquids. This
mode and means of aeration are described in my Patent Specification No. 18325 of
1889.
The waters are drawn off from the aërator from a suitable position to bottles,
syphons or otherwise as desired.
Preferably upon the upper part of this condenser is mounted a bracket which
carries bearings for the turn-over apparatus for reversing the position of the bottle
being filled, snifted and stoppered.
Adjacent to the condenser is located the pump for forcing in the liquid to be
aërated.
This pump may be operated by a hand lever centred on the bracket referred to.
A toothed rack operated also by the hand lever actuates a toothed pinion which is
secured to the central arm of the turnover machine, thus giving the required motion
for filling and stoppering the bottle. Or the turning over apparatus may be actuated
by the hand lever and the pump by means of other suitable connection to be separately
operated, or vice versa, or the hand lever may be dispensed with and the rod
actuating the pump may be connected to and actuated by power which will also
serve by a suitable connection to actuate the turnover and stoppering apparatus; or
these parts may be separately actuated from the power.
I facilitate the removal of the bottle from its holder by in some instances
actuating the lever (such as is now employed) automatically. With this object I
form or connect parts to the bottle support which rotates, so that the movement of
the lever or arm for releasing the bottle when filled and stoppered shall be effected

page_text: simultaneously, or the lever that operates the filling and stoppering mechanism may
be arranged to engage a forked arin or link or other connection in its movement
and thereby release the bottle holding mechanisin without separate operations of
the lever or employ a sleeve which is formed to carry one end of the bottle holder,
this sleeve slides on one shank of the turnover machine-the sleeve is retained in a
suitable position for holding the Bottle by means of a spring-and the bottle is
released by causing the sleeve to be forced in a direction away from the bottle by a
projection on the sleeve coming in contact with an inclined plane at the desired
point or by equivalent arrangement. The bottle releasing arrangement just named is
described in my Patent Specification No. 2834 of 1890.
In the operation of snifting I employ a suitable known arrangement of snifting
valve, but I place it in such a convenient position that it can be operated directly
by being brought in contact with a suitable inclined plane at the required time,
aud thus I dispense with all levers or other like indirect means of actuating the
snifting valves.
In the operation of filling the bottle I admit the liquid through a bush secured to
one of the bearings of the turnover apparatus, to and through the arin and thence
into the bottle in the usual way-between the surfaces of the rotating turnover
apparatus and the stationary bush I employ a leather or other suitable packing ring
to make the joint tight, and in such a way that the liquid will flow through the arm
into the bottle only when the turnover apparatus is in the required position for
filling the bottle. By this arrangement I secure that the passage where air may
accumulate is shortened to a minimum, and that the circumference of the inscribed
circle being larger than is usual, the operation of cutting off the supply of liquid
to the bottle when full is more readily effected, and thus waste and splash
prevented.
In the operation of snifting I connect the chamber of the snifting valve to the
.central portion of the turnover arm, in order that the waste which has escaped into
the snifting valve chamber may be carried away and thus disposed of without splash
or other inconvenience.
Dated the 18th day of March 1800
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Aërating and Bottling Liquids.
1, HENRY TIPPING, of 38, Crooms Hill, Greenwich, in the County of Kent,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The invention relates to apparatus for aërating and bottling liquids. The inven
tion is particularly applicable to the utilization of carbonic acid gas which has
been compressed into a liquefied condition in strong steel or iron cylinders for the
production of aërated water or other liquid and notably for utilizing the liquefied
natural carbonic acid gas from the Eiffel district in Germany. This fluid is by an
adjustable pressure-reducing valve admitted by preference first to a gas washer.
It is thence admitted to a cylinder into which is pumped the liquid to be aërated.
The aëration is performed in the manner described in my Patent Specification
No. 18325 of 1889, the issuing gas acting through a reaction wheel so as to rotate
it and thus effectually commingle the gas and the liquid, the latter entering the
aërating vessel in a divided state in the form of a spray which descends through
the gas and absorbs, blends or commingles therewith. The aërated liquid passes
thence to a turnover or other bottling apparatus which is provided with bottle-
releasing gear constructed as described in my Patent Specification No. 2834
of 1890. The whole aürating and bottling machine with or without syrup pump

page_text: is arranged to be worked by one man or by power. The spindle or central part
of the turnover frame is connected with the pump handle so that when working the
latter, the turnover frame is also actuated. In this way for each quantity of
aerated liquid drawn off by each bottling operation a quantity of water is supplied
to the aërating cylinder. Or I connect the pump rod by tooth gearing with the
turnover frame so that as the latter is rotated the pump is worked thereby.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a side elevation, Figure 2 a plan and
Figure 3 an end view of a machine for aërating, syruping and bottling.
Figure 4 is a sectional view of the turnover frame in which the bottle is held.
Figure 5 a vertical section of the pressure-reducing valve and
Figure 6 a vertical section of the cylinder in which the water or other liquor
is aürated.
Figure 7 shows a modified arrangement of the bottle holder and parts of the
turnover frame connected therewith, and
Figure 8 is an end view of the rack and pinion gear for working the turnover
frame from the pump lever.
A is the cylinder or condenser constructed to withstand the required internal pressure
and having a removable cover A² which is fitted underneath with a finely perforated
plate A. The liquor to be aërated is admitted to the space between the plate A¹
and the cover by à pipe C from a feed pump B and passes in a fine spray down into
the body of the vessel A descending through the gas which from the Eiffel steel
cylinder or other compressed gas reservoir enters the lower part of the vessel A. by
way of the pipe G through the washing bottle F from the reducing valve D (shewn
separately in Figure 5) which valve is so constructed that the water pressure in
the lower part of the vessel A acting on the piston D' opens or closes the valve D
in accordance with the pressure in the vessel A as the latter is affected by the
aerated liquid being drawn off. The weight D on the lever D³ can be shifted
according to the pressure which it is desired to work with in the machine. The
gas at that pressure by preference and as stated first enters a washing bottle F by
the pipe E, the gas requiring to be passed through water in the bottle for the
purpose of being washed. I prefer to employ the method and apparatus described
in the Specification of Cox's Patent No. 6982 of 1889.
From the bottle F the gas
passes to and enters the lower part of the vessel A by the pipe G, see Figure 6,
through a central swivel piece or reaction wheel O with helically curved or other
hollow spokes or pipes having. small holes on one side so as to admit of the gas
leaving the pipes in such a direction that the issuing gas by acting on the water or
other liquor will cause the arms to recede and thus rotate the wheel. The gas is
thus effectually dispersed through the liquor at or near the bottom and what is not
absorbed by the liquor ascends into the space above the level of the liquor in the
vessel A.
When a quantity of aerated water has been accumulated in the vessel A. all the
gas afterwards admitted passes through it thus further securing a thorough aëration
of the liquid.
The aërated water is drawn off from the vessel A by a perforated pipe R in the
space between the top and bottom of same to bottles syphons or otherwise as
desired. This mode of and means for aërating are described in my aforesaid
Patent Specification No. 18,325 of 1889.
Preferably upon the upper part of the condenser A is mounted a bracket H
provided with bearings 1 and 12 for a shaft I which at one end terminates in a
turnover bottle rack or frame J and at the other end is provided with a short
crank I³ which works in a horizontal slot in the cross head K on the piston rod L'
of the syrup pump L. The crank pin 14 can by means of the screw 1° be shifted
in or out for altering the stroke of the syrup pump as desired. A spring P is by
a nut P on the shaft I pressed against the bearing thus serving to keep the
centre boss of the frame J with gastight joint against the bearing 1'. Adjacent
to the cylinder A is located the pump B which is operated by a hand lever B',
centred on the bracket H, and a connecting rod B. This lever B' is connected to

page_text: the turnover frame J. A simple mode of effecting this is by means of a tooth
sector J such as shewn in Figures 7 and 8 on the handle B' this sector gearing
with a tooth wheel J on the spindle 1 or other central part of the turnover
frame J. Or the pump connecting rod B2 may be actuated by power instead of
by a hand lever.
On the bearing 1' is mounted a cam M against which works a bowl or roller M¹
on a lever N which is jointed to the turnover frame J, the intermediate part of the
lever being connected to the spindle of the bottle holder Q so as to grasp it between
two shoulders thereon. The cam M serves to release the bottle against the action
of the spring Q Figure 7. As the bowl M moves to the right, the holder Q is by
a spring arranged in the interior of its socket similar to the spring Qin the
modification Figure 7 made to hold the bottle in position while it is being filled.
This bottle releasing appliance is described in my aforesaid Patent Specification
No. 2834 of 1890.
Figure 1 shews the position of the turnover frame J after a bottle has been filled
and is ready to be discharged to make room for an empty bottle. U Fig. 7 is the
valve for admitting the liquor from the pipe R to the turnover frame J. This
valve is opened when the projecting part on the said frame comes in contact with
the valve spindle U¹.
The double armed handle or tappet lever V1 of the snifting valve V is pressed
against a projection or button head H on the frame H thus keeping the said valve
open and allowing any air or drain to flow off by the pipe V2 from the bottle holder
whilst filling the bottle or as the filled bottle is being discharged therefrom.
W Figures 3 and 4 is a stop back valve which by means of the spring W1 closes
the outlet of the liquor to the bottle; in order to prevent waste this valve is only
opened by the pressure of the liquor when the latter is admitted by the valve U and
lever U¹.
In the operation of filling the bottle I admit the liquid through a bush secured
to the bearing I of the turnover apparatus to and through the arm J and thence
into the bottle in the usual way, and so that the liquid will only flow through the
arm into the bottle when the turnover frame is in the required position for filling
the bottle.
As the passage for aërated liquid is at a great distance from the axis of the
turnover frame the operation of admitting and cutting off the said supply of liquid
to the bottle is instantaneously effected and thus waste and splash diminished.
The gauge glass S is fixed to the side of the cylinder A and is provided with a
pressure gauge T and spring loaded safety valve T'.
To work the machine a bottle is placed in the frame J and the pump handle B₁
worked from the frame J whereby through the tooth gearing JJ3 Figures 7 and 8
the frame J is turned over to the right side as far as it will go thereby also working
the syrup pump L. The waste valve V is now closed and the projecting part J
of the frame coming in contact with the spindle U₁ of the valve U at the end of
the outlet pipe R opens the said valve and allows the aerated water, to flow into
the passage in the turnover J where it becomes mixed with the syrup (if any)
which has been admitted from the opening J² on the opposite side. The liquid
passes thence into the bottle. The necessary snifting or release of the air from the
bottle and of the waste are performed in the manner described. The bottle when
filled is released by the cam M operating upon the lever N in the return movement
of the turnover frame J.
In the arrangement Figures 7 and 8 the bottle holder Q can by a modified
arrangement be raised to release the bottle by taking hold of the handle N' on the
lever N. The bowl M' in this case works against the inside of a rim or can M*
projecting from the side of the cam M and serving to release the bottle. The same
arrangement of the lever N may be applied to the machine Figures 12 and 3
instead of the arrangement therein shown.
Figure 9 is a front view and Figure 10 a side view of a modified arrangement
in, which the pump B is worked from the turnover frame by a pinion J3 on the

page_text: latter gearing with a rack J on the prolongation of the pump plunger. The pump
in this case is a so called bucket and plunger pump, but any other suitable form of
pump by preference double acting may be used. The lever in this example is
jointed to a rod N* provided at the lower end with a roller M' which works
against the fixed rim cam M*. The aërated liquor from the condenser A and
perforated pipe R in this case enters turnover frame at the end of its axial part
in a usual manner. Other parts of the machine are substantially of the same con-
struction and mode of action as in the previous example and many of the details are
therefore not shown.
Figure 11 is a side view of another form of combined aërating and turnover
bottling machine Figure 12 is a sectional view of the condenser and Figure 13 is a
sectional view of the part of the turnover frame, adjoining the condenser.
In this
case the condenser or aërating vessel A is axially secured to or in one with the
turnover bottling frame J and is operated with it. The vessel A is globular and
provided with a part diaphragm or partition A' which assists in commingling the
contents of the vessel and thus further aërating the liquid. The latter enters by
the pipe R from the pump B the latter is by preference on the bucket and
plunger principle the plunger terminating in a tooth rack which by a pinion on
the neck of the condenser A is worked up and down simultaneously with the
turning of the turnover frame J and condenser A. The aërated liquid inlet
valve U is opened when its stern comes in contact with the button head which
is fixed to the frame at a suitable point for filling the bottle. The liquid from
the pump B commingling with the gas from the pipe G enters the vessel A and
the aerated liquor passes off to the turnover frame J by the pipe R'.
A reciprocating lever with tooth sector and pinion gear as described with
reference to Figs. 7 and 8 and a reciprocating tooth rack and pinion gear as
described with, reference to Figs. 9, 10 and 11 may suitably be applied to the
working of a turnover bottling frame alone worked by power or by hand.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. The combination of parts forming the improved aërating and turnover
bottling machine substantially as described with reference to Figures 1 to 8.
Second. The combination of parts forming the improved aërating and turn-
over bottling machine substantially as described with reference to Figures 9
and 10.
Third. The combination of parts forming the improved aërating and turnover
bottling machine substantially as described with reference to Figures 11, 12
and 13.
Fourth. In a turnover bottling frame the arrangement of valve U and passages
in the axial part of same substantially as described and shown.
Fifth. The means described and shown for simultaneously working the turnover
frame and the pump, or for working the turnover frame alone.
Dated the 18th day of December 1800.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.