IMPROVEMENTS IN OK APPERTAINING TO CRANES
Year: 1884

page_text: We WILLIAM LAWRENCE WILLIAMS of 2 Westminster Chambers and HENRY
ADAMS of 60 Queen Victoria Street, both of London in the County of Middlesex,
Engineers do hereby declare the nature of our Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN OK APPERTAINING TO CRANES " and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This Invention relates to "Improvements in or Appertaining to Cranes," and
consists in a novel construction and combination of parts whereby the ralius of
the crane can be extended at will and the cranes can be so constructed as to set
down or take up a load at any reasonable distance from the centre with or without
altering the inclination of its jib. This Invention is particularly applicable to
cranes for unloading vessels or other analogous purposes, where a reasonable range
of action is required, for whereas by the present system employed for discharging
coal, the swinging of the crane is necessitated, and the dropping of the coal from
some beight into shoots, leading leading to the barges or wagons, or into the wagons
themselves, which must then be run to other shoots and tipped, causing consequent
breakage of the coal; by our Invention we are enabled to lift the coal from the
holds of vessels, and deposit it as gently as may be desired into lighters moored
for the purpose at the opposite side of the discharging vessels; thus dispensing
with swinging the cranes, and obtaining greater speed of discharge, we are also
enabled by swinging the cranes, to vary the radius, and thereby reach wagons on
two or more lines of rails, or deposit direct into several different hoppers, without
the intervention of shoots.
In carrying our Invention into practise in application to existing cranes, or in
constructing new ones, we arrange upon the cranes a lengthening arm, which may
be constructed of any reasonable length.
In applying this Invention to existing cranes for working over a ship, we
construct these arms in the following manner-which we will now proceed to more
fully describe by aid of the accompanying Drawings, in which, Figure 1 is an
elevation of the crane Figure 2 is a section on line a. b. Figure 4. Figure 3 is
á section on line c. d. Figure 4. Figure 4 is a plan of the trolly and travelling
pulley.
A short distance below the head of the crane post A. we affix a horizontal bar B.
at the end of which we carry up a vertical bar C. fixed strongly to the jib D. a

page_text: short distance from the extremity thereof; this bar is of the nature of the king
post of a roof, at the right angle formed by these two bars, or at a point in close
proximity thereto, we pivot or hinge the lengthening arm E; which we construct
of wrought iron, of channel or other suitable section and properly braced, on this
pivot or hinge the arm is turned backwards when not required as shown at E or to
a forward position when required for work as shown dotted at E E by means of
chains arranged in a suitable manner; to these chains notion is imparted, by two
single acting, hydraulic rams, steam cylinders or other mechanical means, placed
one on each side of the crane stage or in any convenient position as at F Figure 1
and the same at the other side. These rams we denominate for the purpose of
explanation F. and F. respectively. We employ also a hand winch, and winding
barrel G, having a chain attached to the extremity of the lengthening bar. The
chain connected with the ram F. has command over the lengthening arm until it
arrives at a vertical position when it is controlled by the hand winch chain, which
also lowers it down to its horizontal position EE where it is held by slings H.
from the extremity of the diagonal jib as hereinafter described. When the arm is
being lifted back by the winch G, the single acting ram F. pays out the slack of
the hauling in chain. About the upper extremity of the king post C., attached to
the rigid diagonal jib D. aforesaid, we connect a chain or chains which are secured
to the outer end of the lengthening arm and by this means the horizontal position
E E of the lengthening arm is retained.
In order to move forward the load upon the lengthening arm we attach thereon
ways W. Figure 2 3 4 to allow of the chain guide, which for convenience we mount
upon a trolly J., to move backwards and forwards longitudinally, and the desired
position of the guide is determined by two chains K L. the one K. connected to
one end of the trolly J. and passing round a sheave S. at the outer end of the
lengthening arm E and back over suitable pullies M. at the crane post A to the
sources of power F., the chain L. is also directed in a similar manner to the other
cylinder F. so as to allow of the release or paying out of one chain, while the
other is being hauled on to move the trolly J. in or out.-When the lengthening
arm is out of use, it rests back on a cross bar N. attached by clips or otherwise to
the stays or fixed part of the jib D. We fix two sheaves at the extremity of the
diagonal jib D. to carry. two chains, one of which is used to draw over the
lengthening arm E when required, and the other for ordinary lifting chain.—When
the lengthening arm is not in use, the triangular bracing is not necessary to, or
obstructive to the action of the crane; as the strains come in the tension rods etc.,
in the usual manner.
In cases where it is necessary to raise coal or merchandise by the crane, and
carry it round we can so arrange the lengthening arm, that it can be run in or out
horizontally, to allow of the crane being swung in the ordinary manner, and the
load deposited at a greater distance than that at which it was raised or vice versa,
by means of running the arm out at each revolution of the crane, and thus we
avoid interfering with the rigging of the vessels or other obstructions to the use
of the long arm; but in this case the lengthening arm must not be pivotted or
binged, but is guided and moved upon rollers, or otherwise, or is connected direct
to the crosshead of the ram or hydraulic cylinder.
These improvements are so arranged that the ordinary steel yard or weighing
gear is not in any way obstructed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
First: The combination with ordinary cranes of a lengthening arm, by which
the normal radius, can be increased at will without altering the angle of the
jib. substantially as described.
Second: The construction of the lengthening arm and gear in the manner
described so that when the lengthening arm is out of use, it does not
interfere with the ordinary action of the crane.

page_text: Third: The method of running out the load horizontally to any desired point,
by means of a travelling pulley actuated by hydraulic or other machinery
and connection, in the manner and for the purpose hereinbefore ascertained
and described and illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.
Dated this 28th due of March 1901
WAUGH & CHAPMAN,
Agents for Applicant,
70, Chancery Lane, W.C.