43 Carriage Windows, and other Sashes and Shutters.
Year: 1885

page_text: 343
Carriage Windows, and other Sashes and Shutters.
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We ARTHUR WILLIAM CHILD and GEORGE BINSTED CHILDS both of 21 St Johns
Square Clerkenwell in the County of Middlesex Drapers Bust Manufacturers do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our improvements in raising and lowering railway and other carriage windows
to retain them in any desired position are applicable also to other sashes and
shutters or doors which are raised and lowered by hand for closing openings in
walls or partitions such as pay and booking places for railway and other purposes.
In carrying out our invention a spring (or springs) is mounted on the upper or
lower part of a railway or other carriage window sash or shutter. which acts to
press the upper part against one side of the channel or recess in which the window
or sash slides. A toothed rack is fixed on the side of each recess in which the
window slides and is guided into which a tooth or projection fixed on the window
is pressed by the spring or springs carried thereby so that the window is retained
in any desired position.
In place of a toothed rack a perforated plate or its equivalent may be employed
and if desired may be mounted on the window or sash to act upon a tooth or
projection fixed on the recess or channel in which it is guided.

page_text: Carriage Windows, and other Sashes and Shutters.
We, ARTHUR WILLIAM CHILD and GEORGE BINSTED CHILDS both of 21 St Johns
Square, Clerkenwell in the County of Middlesex, Drapers Bust Manufacturers
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
Our invention relates to improvements in raising and lowering railway and
other carriage windows to retain them in any desired position and are applicable
also to other sashes and shutters or doors which are raised and lowered by hand for
closing openings in walls or partitions such as pay and booking places for railway
and other purposes.
For this purpose in carrying out our invention a spring (or springs) is mounted
on the upper part of a railway or other carriage window, sash or shutter which
acts to press the upper part against one side of the channel or recess in which the
window or sash slides. A toothed rack is fixed on the side of each recess in which
the window slides and is guided into which a tooth or projection fixed on the
window is pressed by the spring or springs thereby so that the window is retained
in any desired position.
We construct the toothed rack with curved or angular slots or recesses eut
downwards; the pin hook or projection on the window is curved or otherwise
shaped to correspond with these slots or recesses so that it will drop into and
securely hold in the rack. If desired the racks with the slots or recesses cut
upwards may be arranged on the window sash and the pin or projection on the
side of each recess.
In place of a toothed rack, a perforated plate or their equivalent may be
employed in a corresponding manner.
The toothed rack or perforated. plate or equivalent may also be placed against
the end of the recess, in which the window slides and is guided the pin or tooth
placed on one edge of the sash, and a spring at the opposite edge so that the pin
can be released from the rack or plate (sufficient play being allowed) by rocking or
moving the window. sideways, the window being retained in any desired position
by means of the spring, which presses the pin into the rack or perforated plate.
In carrying our invention into practice we find that railway carriage windows
fitted with our said racks, plates or their equivalents will also act in case of failure
or weakening of the springs; or the springs may be dispensed with altogether, as
we find that the window will be effectually retained in position by the tooth pin
or projection before described; because after entering the rack it descends slightly, the
point of the tooth pin, projection or hook being below the lowest part of the opening
on the rack or plate or equivalent and vice versa, where the parts are reversed the
window will thus require raising slightly to disengage the tooth pin or projection
from the rack or plate.

page_text: We however find it advantageous to use the spring as before mentioned to guide
the tooth into the rack, as when the tooth or pin has engaged with the rack or
plate the strain is removed from the spring and in case of violent shaking of the
window or slamming of the door would not be so liable to be shaken down.
And in order that our invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into practice we will proceed to describe the same with reference to the accom-
panying drawings.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS..
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Figure 1 represents an internal view of an ordinary railway carriage door and
window therein having our improvements applied.
Figure 2 is a vertical section of window frame and window showing rack applied
to frame and pin or projection on the window sash.
Figure 3 is a vertical section of window only, and Figures 4. 5 and 6 show
equivalents for the rack or perforated plate.
In Figures 1 and 2, the rack a is attached to the side of the recess in the door b
in which slides the window c. 'The slots or indentations a¹ are formed curving
downwards and into which the correspondingly curved pin or projection & on the
window c is guided or pressed by the spring e, on the back of the window.
The number of slots or indentations a' may be varied, but in practice it is found
that four or five will be sufficient though we do not limit ourselves to these
numbers. The window e is provided with a catch or han llef Figure 3, for raising
and lowering from the inside, there is also a similar piece g outside by which the
window can be closed from the outside by raising it to the top and then drawing
the lower part outwards over the lip by means of the recess or undercut hole h.
Referring to Figures 4. 5 and 6,
In Figure 4 is shown a sort of hook j which projects over and partly encircles a
stud 7, firmly screwed or otherwise secured in the side of the recess.
At Figure 5 is shown another arrangement a projecting piece m secured to the
window sash is pressed forward and drops over a square shaped hook n which is
securely fastened to the window frame recess.
And in Figure 6 a perforated plate o recessed behind and just below the opening o¹
through which opening in the plate the nose of the projection or catch p is pushed
and then sinks down in the recess behind. This perforated plate may be made all
in one piece with the requisite number of openings formed therein. In the case of
these (Figures 4. 5. 6) or similar arrangements any suitable number are placed at
intervals for retaining the window in the desired position.
It will be obvious that in some cases the parts can be applied vice versa.
Instead of lifting the window when closing it altogether over the "lip" provided
for that purpose in some cases it may be retained in such closed position by the
rack, a loose flap being hinged to the outside bottom part of the sash, and this falls
outwards when the window is closed and serves to keep the rain out at the
bottom of the window and folds back against the sash when the window is
let down.
We would remark that we are aware that racks have previously been applied to
windows in various ways, but these have generally failed through their dependence
on springs to retain the catch or projection on the flat teeth or indentations of the
rack and from other causes; but while we find it advantageous to use springs we
do not depend on them to retain the window in position when raised as before
explained.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. The improved construction arrangement and application, to the window
frames and sashes of railway and other carriages, of racks with the teeth slots or

page_text: Indentations therein curved, recessed or straight cut downwards or upwards with
corresponding pins hooks or projections acting substantially as and for the purpose
herein before described and represented in the drawings annexed.
2. The improved construction arrangement and application of apparatus for
retaining railway and other carriage windows and other sashes and shutters in
position when raised substantially in the manner herein before described and
illustrated in the Drawings annexed.
T