Pocket Clinometer and Level.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd July, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 16th Apr., 1896-Accepted, 4th July, 1896
Pocket Clinometer and Level.
I, JOHN WARRE SILL of 111, Shooters Hill Road, Blackheath a Major in
the Royal Engineers do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
A flanged arc or arcs are rigidly attached to a pendulum hung to a back or
frame of any convenient form or material. The inside of one flange is graduated
to read depressions and the outside of the other to read elevations. The line of
sight being directed along the top edge of the back, which is provided with two
sights to facilitate the alignment, whenever the line of sight taken over the two
sights deviates from a level, one or other of the graduated flanges appears above
the sights & the degree of inclination is read off the scale.
The instrument can also be used as a level and a scale at the foot of the pendulum
enables slopes or inclinations viewed in profile to be measured.
I prefer to mark the scales on the flanges of the arcs as above described, but the
invention consists in connecting graduated scales to a pendulum or weight or to two
pendulums, one for each scale, in such a manner that when the line of sight is level,
the ends of the scales or their zero points, coincide with the line of sight, while at
any departure of the line of sight from the level, the scales, swinging with the
pendulum, one or other of the scales appears above the line of sight and enables the
inclination to be measured.
ليوم
TI
1007
J. W. SILL,
Major R.E.,
Shooters Hill Road, Blackheath.
Focket Clinometer and Level.
I, JOHN WARRE SILL of 111, Shooters Hill Road, Blackheath a Major in
the Royal Engineers do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The invention consists in a clinometer and level constructed by connecting arcs
or one continuous are to a pendulum or weight so as to partake of its motion.
The pendulum is hung to a back or frame of any convenient shape and material
but of which the top edge should be straight or which should carry two sights so
that the edge of the back or the tops of the sights can be brought into coincidence
with a line of sight from the eye of the observer to any object.
I prefer to place the pendulum or weight at the middle of a semicircular arc so
that the segments of the arc on either side of the pendulum shall be similar and ou
opposite sides of the point of suspension of the pendulum.
Each segment of the arc is formed with a flange on which a scale is graduated
or scales in the form of flanges may be attached to the segments of the arc.
The scales are marked the one on the inside of one flange. and the other on the
outside of the other flange and will thus both be visible to the eye of the observer
| Price 31

page_text: looking from that end of the instrument to which the flange having the scale on the
outside is nearest.
The zero points of the scales are placed so that with the pendulum at rest the
line joining the zero points is horizontal and coincides with the top edge of the
frame or with a line joining the top edges of the sights-the flanges may
conveniently terminate at the zero points.
The scales are marked so that the one gives degrees of elevation and the other
degrees of depression.
The particular shape, dimensions and material of the several parts of the
instrument are not material to the invention.,
In order that the invention, may be,fully, understood I will describe the manner
in which I prefer to construct the instrument by reference to the drawing
accompanying and forming part of this specification.
Fig. 1. is a side elevation; Fig. 2 is a plan; and Figs. 3 & 4 are end elevations
of the instrument.
In Fig. 1. a b c d is a back or frame to which is hung at the pivot "f" a
pendulum "e."
Arcs 9 h-k m―are rigidly attached to this pendulum and are formed with
flanges n x-wo-Fig. 2.,
A scale of degrees is marked on the inside of the flange nx and on the outside
of the flange o w-the scales will then, both be visible to the eye "t."
P. and qare sights fixed to the back and st is the line of sight from the eye to any
objects.""
The arcs hg-km-are made of such a length that when the line joining the
tops of p and q is level the ends of both arcs coincide with it, and the scales of
degrees are marked downwards from the tops of the flanges (Fig. 3).
It is evident (see Fig. 1) that if the tops of p and q coincide, with stand the
line st be level, then the tops of both flanges will also coincide with the line's t-
but if the line st were inclined from the horizontal so that "s" were higher than
"t"-part of the scale on the outside of the flange o w would appear above the
line qP as shewn in. Fig. 4. and would measure the degree of elevation-while
if "s
were lower than "t" the scale on the inside of the flange nx would appear
above. p and measure. the depression. The bottom edge b c being made straight
and parallel to a d, by means of it and the pendulum moving along the scale "y"
slopes viewed in profile can be measured.
69
MAJO
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
A pocket clinometer and level in which the novelty consists
(1.) In attaching graduated scales to or in marking them on the flanges of arcs
connected to a pendulum or weight so as to partake of its motion or swing and
(2.) In marking the scales the one on the inside of the flange of one arc and the
other on the outside of the flange of the other. arc so that angles of elevation or of
depression or a level may be read off the scales without removing the instrument
from the eye.
Dated this 15th day of April 1898