Improvements relating to the Manufacture of Biscuits and the like and to Apparatus therefor
Year: 1898

page_text: "Improvements relating to the Manufacture of Biscuits and the
like and to Apparatus therefor."
I, HANS HINRICH FRIEDRICH DANGER, of 53 Bachstrasse, Hamburg, Uhlenhorst, in
the Empire of Germany, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
The improved process for inaking cakes and fancy bread, in which the dough can
be rolled out, differs from the process hitherto in use in that in the latter the dough,
which has previously been formed into layers of the required thickness by rollers, is
simultaneously stamped and pricked, while in the improved process the layers of
dough are first stamped and then pricked. Thus the adherence of the dough to the
stamp is avoided, and further the great advantage is obtained that the required
prickers can operate without an inner ejector.
The old process always needs within the pricker a stripper or ejector to strip the
pricked dough off the stamp when the pricker, with the stamp, is raised from the
dough. As however, the stripper occupies space within the pricker plate, the stamp
can be of only very limited size; while, in the new process the special stripper is not
provided and the stamps occupy the whole space of the pricker, and can therefore be
thus provided with various stampings.
By the improved process even those kinds of dough can be worked mechanically
which could formerly be worked only by hand, for example, ginger bread, the dough
of which, as in the case of biscuit dough, is very tough, but much more adhesive
than the latter, has up to the present been made only by hand, by the dough being
rolled in suitable wooden shapes and the ginger bread dough turned out of the latter
by a smart blow on the forms and then transferred to the oven. But, according to
recent experiments the dough is passed through a pair of rollers, of which the upper
one is engraved for impressing the fancy bread to be baked. In this process of course
no separate pieces are obtained, only strings of dough with a continuous pattern are
produced, which must afterwards be divided into separate pieces by a rotating knife
roller.
This process however has not the desired effect, as the strips of dough thus produced
have rather the tendency to follow the engraved roller in its rotation than to follow
in a straightforward direction the carrying cloth arranged for them.
The improved pricker, the principle of construction of which is the new process of
first stamping and then pricking, overcomes all these disadvantages.
On each side of the pedestals are arranged on the driving shaft a pair of excentrics
which by means of their excentric rods move up and down the cross connection or
bars which slide in the pedestals. The one cross piece is connected by means of a
strap with the plate, which carries a number of stamps, which project into the pricking

page_text: forms by the descent of which, discs of many different shapes are cut out of the
dough.
These pricking forms are fixed to the plate which is connected with the other cross
piece by strap, and works up and down with it by means of the excentric and the
excentric rods.
This latter arrangement is already known with the older prickers, but with this
difference, that in that, as opposed to the new invention, the stamp or stamps are
on the plate therefore stamps and pricking forms move together, while in the present
case the movements of the same are made to follow one another at a short interval, for
the purpose of enabling the dough to leave the stamp, as will be hereinafter
explained.
If the stamp moves down by means of the excentric and its projection the said
stamp impresses its engraving on the dough. If now the stamp rises a little while
the pricker form remains stationary, or is about to move away, the dough is then
held back by the pricker form and thus makes sure of the dough leaving the stamp.
By the further descent of the pricker form it sinks into the dough and cuts out the
cake. While the cutting or pricking is going on the layer of dough is at rest.
When the pricker forms and the stamps have left the pricked dises and have reached
their highest position, the carrying cloth is fed, and the dough is fed with it a
corresponding adjustable distance.
During the stamping and pricking the dough is gripped by a spring stripping plate
which is mounted in a suspended position on small strips on both sides of the pricker,
so as to have a little play between the paste and the stripping plate. This stripping
plate which has openings corresponding with those of the pricker, prevents the hang-
ing of the perforated layers of dough on the separate pricker forms.
In the prickers of older construction the stripping plate, as is well known, moves
simultaneously with a special inner ejector, by means of a common fixing plate, which
is secured by a weight and a strap worked by an excentric.
The special inner ejector in the pricker form which strips the layer of dough from
the same, while the plate strips the outer mass of dough from the said pricker form is
therefore able to be dispensed with in consequence of the new arrangement, viz: the
movement of the stamps and the pricker form independently of one another.
To obtain a constant engagement with each excentric on the cross piece of the
excentric rods, strong springs are placed between the cross connections which also
simultaneously leave a fixed position of the plates to one another.
Instead of the pairs of excentrics pairs of levers may be employed.
Dated this 14th day of May 1808
HASELTINE LAKE & Cc
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C. Agents for the Applicant.
"Improvements relating to the Manufacture of Biscuits and the
like and to Apparatus therefor."
I, HANS HINRICH FRIEDRICH DANGER, of 53 Bachstrasse, Hamburg, Uhlenhorst, in
the Empire of Germany, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to machines for dividing and stamping dough for the manu-
facture of crackers, biscuits, cakes and the like, and it has for its object certain
improvements whereby the efficiency of these machines is materially enhanced,
especially when used for the stamping and dividing of dough which contains additional

page_text: adhesives, such as molasses, syrup, and honey, which greatly increases the adhesive
properties not readily neutralized or more or less neutralized by the use of dry flour,
or in cases where the article made does not adinit of the use of a sprinkling of dry
flour.
In the accompanying drawings:
Figure 1 is a front or end elevation partly in section of so much of a machine of
the class referred to as will be necessary to a full comprehension of my inven-
tion ;
Figure 2 is a side elevation; Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6 are fragmentary cross sectional
views illustrative of the relative movements of the stamps and cutters, and
Figures 4, 5 and 6ª are side views of the cams and eccentrics illustrating their
relative positions during the movements of the stamps and cutters shown in Figures 4,
5 and 6 respectively.
The machine comprises as essential features of my invention,.hollow cutters, stamps
contained and having motion in said cutters, and a spring-seated stripper or cleaner plate
co-operating with the cutters to clear the same of dough, in combination with
mechanism organized to first impart to the stamps their operative or positive move-
ment to leave their impression in the dough, and then impart to said stamps their
return or negative movement out of or away from the dough, and mechanism
organized to first impart to the cutters their operative or positive movement to divide
the dough, said movement taking place however after the stamps have begun their
negative movement, and to then impart to said cutters their negative movement or
movements out of the dough, so that said cutters will first act as clearers for the
stamps to clear them of the strip or sheet of dough adhering which generally adheres
thereto. During the this negative or non-operating movement of the cutters, the
clearer plate clears the saine of the strip or sheet of dough which generally adheres
ndhering thereto, as hereinafter more fully described.
The machine in practice comprises of course also feeding mechanism organized to
intermittently feed the dough carrier or apron to the stamps and cutters over a suit-
able bed or table arranged below the same. These feeding appliances are, however, of
common use in this class of machine and form no part of my invention, and need
therefore not be particularly described or illustrated.
From each side of a suitable frane provided with bearings for the eccentric and
cam shaft w, rises a vertical standard L, each provided with a vertical guide slot for
the ends of two superposed cross-heads A and B (Figures 1 and 2). The cross-head A
is connected at each end by means of rods a¹ adjustable as to length to straps in
which work eccentrics a secured to the shaft w. The cross-head B is connected at
each end by rods 61 to yokes 63 in contact with cams b, also secured to the shaft w,
and in order that the contact between the cains and their yokes, and the eccentrics
and their straps may be maintained at all times and thereby insure the correct
relative movements of the cross-heads A and B, I interpose between the latter power-
ful springs f. It is obvious that by the means of said springs the wear of the parts is
taken up, thus effectually guarding against irregular motion of the cross-heads A and B
without interfering with their movements independently of each other.
From the lower cross head A depend stirrups or hangers A¹ to which is secured the
cutter-head D, and to the latter the hollow cutters d, which may be of any desired
configuration according to the contour it is desired to give to the piece of dough to be
cut out thereby.
From the upper cross head B depend stirrups or hangers B¹ to which is secured the
stamp carrier plate C, the stamps being secured to the earrier such carrier
plate by means of threaded posts or bolts and nuts, as shown, said stamps projecting
into and being contained in the cutters so as to have free motion therein, and they
may be, in fact preferably are, substantially of the same cross-sectional area as the
like corresponding internal area of the cutters d. Upon cleats o is seated a clearer
plate i, which is provided with openings in which the cutters d work freely, and, as
shown in Figure 1, said cleats or seats are so arranged as to support the clearer plate i

page_text: slightly above the surface of the sheet of dough t on the apron t' which is being
intermittingly can be intermittently fed over the bed or table.
The plate is provided with headed posts or bolts, see Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6, which
project through openings in the cutter head D, said posts or bolts being of such
length that said plate will not be lifted by said cutter head when it is moving away
from the sheet or strip of dough. On said posts are coiled springs whose ends abut
respectively against the plate and the cutter head, so that, whatever be the position
of the latter, the clearer plate i will always be acted upon by said springs.
The eccentrics a and cams b the latter each provided with the cam lip or nose b³
(Figures 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6) are so arranged on the shaft w that in the normal non-
operative position of the cutters and stamps the impression face of the latter will be
flush with the cutting face of the cutters and with the under face of the clearer plate i
a little above the sheet of dough t¹, as shown in Figure 3. As the shaft w revolves in
the direction of the arrow, the upper cross-head B and stamps c are moved down by
the action of cams b on their yokes 63, Figure 4*, thereby causing the said stamps to
make an impression in the dough, Figure 4, during which movement of the upper
cross-head-B the springs fare compressed. Immediately after the stamps have
reached the limit of their positive or impression movement, the noses nose b² on cams b
moves move out of engagement with the yokes b³, leaving the springs f free to lift
cross-head B and the stamps. As the latter are moving upward the eccentrics a,
Figure 5, acting on their straps cause the lower cross-bead A together with the
cutter-bead and cutters, to move down, meeting the sheet of dough adhering to
the stamps, and clearing the latter, and the cutters continuing their positive or cutting
movement to divide the stamped sheet of dough, Figure 5, after which said eccentrics
raise the cutters by the cross-head A. As the latter is about to reach, or has reached
the limit of its upward motion the cams act upon their yokes and commence to
move the cross-head B and stamps c downward until the parts are again in the
position Figure 3, when by a further rotation of shaft w, the nose 62 on said cams b will
again impinge upon the yokes b³ to move the cross-head B and stamp stamps c
down again, and so on.
As the cutters d rise and carry the dough into contact with the clearer plate i,
the latter rises also to a slight extent, or until the stress of its springs is sufficiently
increased to force said plate back to its seat with more or less violence, thereby jarring
the same plate and causing the dough adhering thereto or to the cutters to drop back
on the apron t, t¹ at which moment said apron is fed forward a sufficient distance to
bring an undivided and unstamped portion of the sheet of dought under the stamping
and dividing appliances.
I am aware that in machines such as herein referred to the stamps have been
arranged to work within the cutters, and I do not desire to claim this arrangement
broadly.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In a machine such as described, a hollow cutter, a stamp contained and having
motion therein, mechanism for imparting to the stamp its positive or operative move-
ment and then its return or negative movement, mechanism for imparting similar
movements to the cutter, organized to impart the positive or operative movement to
said cutter after the stamp has begun its negative imovement, and a clearer for clear-
ing the cutter of dough, for the purpose set forth.
2. In a machine such as described, a hollow cutter, a stamp contained and having
motion therein, a cutter, mechanism for imparting to the stamp its positive or
operative movement and then its return or negative movement, nechanism for im-
parting similar movements to the cutter, organized to impart to said cutter its
positive movement after the stamp has begun its negative movement, and a spring
seated clearer plate for clearing the cutter of dough, for the purpose set forth.
3. In a machine such as described a hollow cutter, a stamp contained and having

page_text: motion therein, an upper and lower cross-head to which said stamp and cutter are
secured and springs interposed between said cross-heads; in combination with a
revoluble shaft, cams and eccentrics thereon acting upon yokes and straps connected
with said upper and lower cross-heads respectively, said eccentrics arranged relatively to
said cams to move the lower cross-head down after the upper cross head has begun its
upward movement, and a clearer plate for clearing the cutter of dough, for the purpose
set forth.
4. In a machine such as described, a hollow cutter, a stamp contained and having
motion therein, an upper and lower cross-head to which said stamp and cutter are
secured, and springs interposed between said cross-heads; in combination with a
revoluble shaft, cams and eccentrics thereon acting upon yokes and straps connected
with said upper and lower cross-heads respectively, said eccentrics arranged relatively
to said cams to move the lower cross head down after the upper cross-head has begun
its upward movement, and a spring seated clearer plate held with its under face
slightly above the sheet of dough, for clearing the cutters, said plate having vertical
motion independently of the stamps and cutters, for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 9th day of February 1899.
HASELTINE LAKE & Co
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C. Agents for the Applicant.