IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER BAGS
Year: 1884

page_text: "
I THOMAS COATES of Hill Street Totterdown in the city and county of Bristol
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER BAGS" and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to Improvements in the manufacture of paper bags having
side, and bottom seams with folds inside as distinguished from other forms having
the folds outside, and also for the printing of the same when required at one opera-
tion only.
My Improvements consist of a novel combination and arrangement of machinery
and apparatus for the manufacture of paper bags.
Hitherto bags and pockets of this description have been made from pieces of
paper cut by hand of the required shape-but by my invention I make thein direct
from the webs of paper of the forms known in the trade as "Seed pockets" and
"Straight bottomed paper bags" having the seams at the side and bottom folded
inside instead of outside and in connection with the same an apparatus for printing
when required also for punching or dividing the paper into the required shapes
so as to print and make either one or two seed pockets or paper bags at one and
the same time.
In carrying my invention into practice I provide a frame work of iron in which
the working parts are arranged and made to revolve or are actuated otherwise by
suitable gearing to be worked by hand or power.
The web of paper being placed in position at the after part of the machine
I arrange by means of a rack and pinion motion in connection with rollers of
suitable diameter to draw up paper in required lengths which on leaving the roll
is made to pass face side downwards over a vertical sliding motion or printing
apparatus lying horizontally, and which ascends at intervals by cam action. This
contains ordinary metal type, stereo plates, or blocks.-The printing surfaces are
supplied with ink by a series of rollers arranged in a suitable frame attached to a
rack worked by an eccentric motion and compound lever or other suitable means,
from an ink duct and ink distributing table placed conveniently on afterpart of the
frame. The paper is led forward under a plate the bottom side of which is flat
and fixed in position over the printing apparatus, the printing surface having
received a supply of ink, is made to ascend by means of channel cams and slides
Prins 21

page_text: fixed in suitable position, when the paper becomes impressed and printed after
which it is again led forward on the iron table of the machine to a punching and
dividing apparatus where cutters are arranged of required form part fixed to the
table and part fixed upon an iron plate in suitable position above the table and
these are made to descend at intervals by the action of channel cams and slides
placed in suitable position: by these means the cutters fixed to the iron plate
acting upon those fixed upon the table punch or divide the paper in the direction
parallel to its length. The paper is again moved forward upon the table under
another iron plate of suitable form and which by a slide and lever arrangement is
made to descend at intervals: upon this plate hoppers or boxes are suitably fixed
having perforated bottoms, fitted with rollers slightly projecting, through the
bottoms and these boxes contain gum paste or other adhesive substance, and are so.
arranged that at each action of the machine, they rotate sufficiently to present a
fresh adhesive surface.
Upon the underside of the plate raised surfaces are placed corresponding to the
folds which it is desired to make in the paper: upon the plate descending the paper
*becomes creased at the necessary points and also receives a deposit of gum or other
The paper
adhesive in position required for securing the side and bottom seams.
is again led forward on to a mould plate when the required portions are cut off
from the web at right angles to its length.-The pieces of paper now resting on the
mould plate are such as are required to form the pocket or bag and are thrust by
means of a striker and compound lever arrangement into openings in the mould
plate corresponding to the desired size. of the pocket or bag. The mould plate has
moveable spring sides at each opening, which yield backwards when the paper is
forced through by the strikers and on these being withdrawn the sides close partly
thus preventing the folded parts of the paper from again rising. Immediately
under the mould plate is a receiving table suspended by weights which at each
successive operation gives way to receive the pockets or bags but always exerting
sufficient pressure to keep, the folded parts in contact, and in this way the folded
parts are pressed and held in contact the whole operation being now completed.
01
САМ. 1004
WAUGH & CHAPMAN,
Agents for Applicant,
70, Chancery Lane.

page_text: "
I THOMAS COATES of 46 Hill Street Totterdown in the city and county of
Bristol, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER BAGS and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
4
This invention relates to certain Improvements in machinery for the manu-
facture of paper bags, official envelopes, "seed pockets," plain or triangular or
straight bottomed paper bags, and comprises suitable devices combined with
mechanism for attaining this object.-Hitherto bags and pockets of this description
have been made from pieces of paper cut by hand of the required shape.
The object of the said invention is to manufacture the above mentioned goods,
from a continuous web, or roll of paper, on one machine by immediate consecutive
operations, to the end that the production of goods of this kind, shall be greatly.
increased, and their cost reduced, as by the said invention I am enabled to work
direct from the roll of paper, to print when required, to punch and cut the paper
into suitable form, to gum and paste the edges or necessary parts, to fold the paper
blanks into the required shape, having the folded seams inside or outside as may be
required, and also to produce one, two, or more bags or envelopes at one and the
same time. In describing the mode in which I carry out the said invention in my
provisional Specification, I proposed to complete the several processes, by means of
a series of a separate cam, slide, and other movements, respectively actuating iron
plates, by which necessary pressure was obtained. In practise however I prefer to
combine nearly the whole of these, and to adopt one platten or plate only, instead
of several, to obtain requisite pressure.
•
In order that my Invention may be more fully and clearly understood, I will
now proceed to explain the same, by means of the accompanying two sheets of
drawings, reference being made thereto, by the numerals and letters marked
thereon. Like létters and Figures represent like parts in all of these Figures.
Figure 1 is an elevation of the back end of the machine showing the receiving
tubes, and pistons, cams, and compound levers for actuating the mould plate.
Figure 2 is a side elevation showing roll of paper in position, inking and
printing apparatus, flywheel, driving gear, eccentrics, and connecting rods, for
raising and lowering platten, also rack head, adjustable crank, and draw up
motion, compound levers for actuating mould plate, cutter punches and dies.
Figure 3 is an elevation of the front of the machine, the inking apparatus being
removed, showing first motion shaft, and pulleys brackets and spindle supports, for
paper and platten of printing arrangement.
Figure 4 is an inverted plan of the platten, showing printing platten surface,
cutters, top draw up rollers, paste or gum boxes, embossers and mould plate
stamps.
Figure 5 is an elevation showing general view of the mechanism for the various
operations, of my invention showing in position, paper, ink table, type bed,
printing platten, cutters, dies, draw up rollers, paste boxes, stamps and mould

page_text: Figure 6 is a plan of the table bed showing Type chase, dies, bottom draw up
roller, embossing grooves and mould plate.
Figure 7 is a general plan of the mould plate.
Figure 8 is a sectional plan of the mould plate, showing the folder slide arrange-
ment, for folding down the laps or seams of envelopes or bags, and connecting levers
and rods for actuating same.
Figure 9 is a front elevation of the mould plate, showing relative positions of
levers, rods and slides.
Figure 10 shows a fresh bag blank, in width way position for folding, stamp
coming down, and folder slides withdrawn, the top and last formed bag about to
be pressed together, by the descent of the stamp.
Figure 11 shows stamp down, and the bag blocked, the previous bag being now
pressed.
Figure 12 shows stamp raised, the bag completely folded at narrow lap, and
partly so. at the wide lap, the folder for the wide lap coming out and the folder for
the narrow lap commencing return.
Figure 13 shows bag completely folded, the wide folder fully out, and the
narrow folder partly returned.
Figure 14 shows paper during the process of manufacture of bags, illustrating the
position of printing, the cuts, and the finished bags with flaps, and sections of
paper showing folds.
Figure 15 shows paper during the process of the manufacture of bags, illustrating
the position of printing, also cuts, and finished bags without flaps, and sections of
paper showing folds.
Figure 16 is a sectional side elevation of a paste or gum box showing stamp
arrangement.
Figure 17 shows a cross section of a paste or gum box.
Figures 18 and 19 show cutters having plain knife edges, or serrated edges, and
cutter dies for dividing the paper longitudinally and angularly.
Figures 20 and 21 show receiving tubes and tube pistons.
Figure 22 shows section of cutter blades.
Figure 23 shows bag with narrow lap outside.
A, sheet 1 is the frame of iron and A', are slide standards for guiding the
platten B, bolted to the frame at A2, and in which the platten B, rises and falls,
A³, are stretcher rods,-a is the first motion shaft, on the right hand side of which,
is fly wheel a¹, and on the left hand side pulleys a², which receive motion from a
strap or belt in the usual way.-On the left hand side of shaft a, is placed a
pinion wheel b, which gears with carrier wheel 61, fixed on shaft a³, and this again
gears with wheel 62, placed on the left hand side of shaft a¹, wheel b², gears into
wheel 63, placed on shaft a³, motion is thus imparted to eccentrics c, and by means
of connecting rods c¹, the platten B is made to rise and fall.
On the right hand side of shaft a', is placed rack head d, and adjustable
crank d*, which gears with and imparts motion to pinion wheel d¹, fixed upon the
right hand end of the spindle of the roller da, of the draw up motion, upon which
is placed a roller, formed of adjustable collars d³-Upon shaft a on the inside of
the frame, is placed a crank which is attached to type bed e² by means of a slotted
connecting rod e, the end of which joints with the printing bed e², at e¹, (or for
convenience this joint may be slotted and adjustable in its motion, by means of
springs), and causes the said type bed e² to oscillate as shown, by dotted lines,
upon spindle e-Upon the left side of type bed e², is fixed ink distributing.
table e, and upon the top side of e; is placed type chase e³.
Upon motion being imparted to the type bed, the ink distributor, passes with a
radial, reciprocating motion, underneath the ink rollers fff, supported in suitable
position, by bracket racks f¹, attached to the frame, at the front end of the
machine. At the lower end of brackets f¹, is placed an ordinary ink duct f³, from
which a supply is obtained, by vibrating feed duct roller f³-The duct and feed
rollers, are worked by connecting rods f4, by which means a portion of ink is

page_text: deposited at intervals, upon ink table e, which in turn supplies ink rollers f;
and in this way, the type surface becomes inked, each time type chase bed e¹,
reciprocates.
--
Upon the front end of the frame attached to standards A¹ is adjustable
bracket g, which support spindle g¹, upon which is placed movable cones 9.-
The roll of paper g³, is placed upon spindle g', and held in position by cones g³, one
of which is fixed and the other adjustable, by a hand wheel, threaded on screwed
end of the spindle.
Placed on front of the frame in suitable position supported by brackets go, are
the guide rollers g, these conduct the paper from the web, into the machine at
point X.-Upon the top sides of frame A, are placed longitudinal grooves h, in, and
along which, adjustable iron plates h¹, and h2, and roller frame h³ are made to
slide. Upon plate h', are held in position, by means of screws, adjustable cutter
dies j, of required form, and upon the underside of platten B, are placed cutters k,
held in position by adjustable blocks k³, attached by screws to adjustable plate ³,
and which is made to slide in longitudinal grooves ³, on the underside of
platten B.
Bolted to the front end on the underside of platten B, is printing platten 7,
and upon the back end of platten B, adjustably fixed on the underside, and
attached to plate , are placed paste or gum boxes m, and embossing blocks m³,
the paste boxes having slotted bottoms m', through which plungers of similar
form are made to pass, each time the platten B, rises and falls, so, that when
the boxes m, are charged, the plungers in their descent take down on their
underside, a small quantity of adhesive substance, depositing the same in required
position, upon the paper lying underneath, as shown at o7, Figures 14, and 15.
Upon the underside of embossing block m³, are placed slightly raised ridges m³,
which on the downward motion of platten B, causes the the paper lying below the
paste boxes, to be forced into grooves m, placed in position on the top side of
plate By this means, the paper required to form the envelopes, or bags
becomes creased or slightly embossed, in the direction it is required the folds
should take, when the paper blanks are submitted to the action of the mould plate
folders. To the right of boxes m, affixed to platten B, are mould plate stamps n,
corresponding in shape to the openings n', in the mould plate n², and which upon
the downward motion of platten B, thrust the paper blanks lying over the mould
plate into the openings n', and in this way the laps or seams of the envelopes or
bags n³, and n, are made to assume a position at right angles to the mould
plate. Upon the right hand side of plate h³, is fixed a cutter blade o, the top edge
throughout its entire length, lying in a plane with the surface of plate h²-Fixed
on the right hand side of plate 7, which is attached to platten B, is cutter
blade o-when platten B, descends, the upper blade operating with the lower
blade, shears of from the web, the portions of paper lying over the mould plate,
and which are now the paper blanks o², or o³, from which the envelopes or bags o';
or o, are formed.-Upon the back end of frame A, and standard A, held in
suitable position by brackets p, are compound levers p³, and p³, these connect with
mould plate slides g, and q¹, Fig: 8, by means of rods p³, and p', and are actuated
by cams p, placed on shafts a¹, and a³, which causes a reciprocal motion in the
slides q, and q',--When the stamps n, attached to platten B, descend, the paper
blanks lying over the mould plate, are thrust in to the openings n',―the folder
slides q, and q', being withdrawn causing the laps and side of the paper, to stand
up at right angles as seen at n³, and n³, Fig: 11.
On the reverse motion of the stamps the slide folders move outwards, and in this
way the laps and sides of paper standing at right angles, are made to fall down as
seen at n³, and n', Fig: 12, the action being so timed, as to allow the folders a to
operate, a little sooner that the folders q', but on the folders receding to allow for
passage of the stamps on their return, the folders q¹, are made to withdraw,
befor the folders q, which remain partly out, until the stamps almost again touch
the paper on their descent, in this way the paper blanks become folded, and the

page_text: attachment of the pasted or gummed parts fully ensured, by the continued pressure
of successive envelopes or bags being thrust through the mould plate into the
receiving tubes, Figs: 10, 11, 12, and 13, and resting upon the tube pistons 7+1,
moving in slits 2, the motion of the pistons being controlled, by the pressure of a
spring 3, or other suitable means. Upon the mould plate n², are placed adjustable
stops s, Fig 10, which retain the paper blanks oº, in position on the mould plate
ready for the action of the stamps.-The action of the paste plungers m¹, in
boxes m, is shown in Figures 17 and 18, the levers t being worked from a stud
attached to the block h².
The operation for printing and making envelopes, "seed pockets," or paper bags
is as follows:-
The web or roll of paper g³, Fig. 2, of suitable width, being placed in position on
spindles g¹, the forward end of the paper face side downwards, is conducted over
rollers g, and thence, at point X, under printing platter surface l, and cutters k,
into and between draw up rollers d³, and d³, which upon motion being imparted
through first motion shaft a, to shaft a', and rack head d, pinion and friction
clutch d, the draw up rollers rotate, and in doing so draw of a length of paper from
the web, equal to the with required for the bags, desired to be made.-The portion
thus drawn off after becoming embossed or creased by blocks m³, and receiving a
deposit of adhesive substance from the boxes m, on the next rotation of the.draw
up rollers this part of the paper, lies immediately over the mould plate n², it is then
cut off at right angles to its length by the cutter blades o, and o¹, During the
continuance of this operation, the inking apparatus has completed a radial motion,
and deposited ink upon the type surface, contained in chase e, which upon the
descent of platten B, and by means of platten surface 1, the type impresses the
underside of the paper lying above it, see u Figs 14 15, and which by the next
operation of the draw up rollers, takes a position at a convenient intermediate
space v Figs 4, 5, 6, 14 and 15,--At the next motion the printed parts u, come
immediately underneath the cutters k, which on platten B, again descending, divides
the paper lying below them, both angularly and longitudinally, into the shape
-required for envelopes or bags, see w, Figs 14, and 15, The operation being
continued, the printed parts u, are next held between the draw up rollers d³,
and d³, and on these again rotating the printed parts u, are conducted forward
under the paste boxes m, and embosser blocks m³,-Here on the platten B,
descending the paper receives a deposit of paste or gum, as seen at o', Figures 14,
and 15, and also becomes creased or embossed, as seen at os, Figs: 14, and 15.-The
operation being repeated the printed parts u, are next pushed forward by the draw
up rollers, on to and immediately over the mould plate 2, Figs: 2, 6, & 7.-At
this. time on platten B, again descending the cutter blades o, and o¹, Figs: 2, 5
and 22, cut off from the web of paper, at right angles to its length, the printed
portion u, at line o⁹, Figs 14, and 15.
These several pieces of paper, constitute the blanks to form the envelopes
or bags, and are now in position see Fig: 10, for the operation of stamps n,
Figs 4, 10, 11, 12, and 13, which upon platten B again descending, thrust the
blanks into the openings n¹, Figs 6, and 7, in the mould plate, when the paper
blanks become blocked as seen at n³, and n, Fig: 11, and upon the stamps being
withdrawn the slide folders of the mould plate q, and q¹, Figs: 8, 10, 11, 12, and 13,
operate, causing narrow flaps of paper blanks, to take an horizontal position as seen
at n Fig 12, and the wide flaps n³, Fig: 12, gradually to fall down into the same
position as the folder q¹, completes its outward travers, as seen at n³, and n³,
Figure 13, and on the next motion of the stamp, the envelope or bag is pressed.--
The envelopes are now fully formed as seen at 04, and o³, Figs 14, and 15, and the
process of printing, and manufacture being finished, completed envelopes or bags
are formed, at each successive operation of the machinery.
'
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I would have it

page_text: clearly understood, that I do not confine myself to the precise details, proportions,
or dimensions, of the various forms of mechanism herein described, which may be
varied or modified without deviating from the principals and main features of my
invention. I may thus for instance fold over the narrow laps of paper so as
to come on the outside of the bag instead of the inside, as herein before particularly
described, -or I may further modify the arrangement of parts, so as to produce other
shapes or forms of envelopes or bags, than those herein before more particularly
described, but I claim as my improvements in the manufacture of envelopes, or
paper bags, or machinery connected therewith
or
First: The complete manufacture on a single machine, by immediate consecutive
operations of Official Envelopes, "Seed Pockets," plain "straight bottomed'
Triangular Paper bags from a continuous Roll of Paper, by means of the particular
employment and arrangement of machinery and apparatus hereinbefore described,
by which I am able to supply, and cut the paper into the required form, to fold it
transversely at or near the middle, and at the sides and ends, to arrange the seams
or narrow laps either inside or outside as required, to deposit on the necessary parts
gum paste or other adhesive material, to press the finished goods together, to
manufacture one, two, or more Bags or Envelopes at one and the same time and
operation, and also to print and complete the goods, all substantially in the manner
hereinbefore particularly ascertained, set forth, described and illustrated by the
accompanying drawings.
Second: In a machine for making Paper bags on one machine by immediately
consecutive operations the motions arranged as described upon one moving and one
fixed "Platten" or on separate moving and fixed "Plattens," such "Plattens" being
capable of adjustment, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by
the accompanying drawings.
Third: In the manufacture of Paper bags from a continuous roll of paper, the
arrangement of adjustable cutting punches with sharp serrated edges which are
forced through the paper into narrow slits lying beneath, formed by adjustable
blocks or dies, or of cutters of the form of the required blanks baving plain sharp
edges substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated.
Fourth. In a machine for making Paper bags the combination of Rackhead d,
with the particular arrangement of mechanism connected therewith, by which
suitable widths of paper are withdrawn from the roll and cut off substantially as
described and illustrated.
Fifth. In a machine for making Paper bags the particular form of Paste or gum
boxes arranged to rise and fall, and fitted with plungers and actuating mechanism
substantially as and for the purpose set forth and illustrated.
Sixth. In a machine for making Paper bags the employment of embossing dies
and the arrangement for creasing the Paper blanks in the direction of the folds on
those parts of the paper where the folds would come in the manner and for the
purposes described and illustrated.
Seventh. In a machine for making Paper bags the arrangement of a mould plate
having sliding folders by which the paper blanks become folded after the blocking
operation, such mould plate being capable of adjustment to suit the formation of
different shaped bags when required, together with the mechanisın herein before
described for actuating the same substantially in the manner and for the purposes
set forth & illustrated.
Eighth. In the manufacture of paper bags the arrangement and use of a tube
and piston for the reception and pressing together of the Bags or envelopes, on
their being pressed through the mould Plate by the stamps in combination with a
controlling spring, or friction brake arrangement as and for the purposes described
and illustrated.
Ninth. In a machine for making Paper bags the combination with the herein-
before described mechanical motions and arrangements, of the mechanism for
printing from a roll of paper during the operation of manufacture.

page_text: Tenth: In the manufacture of paper bags the combination of the stamps for
blocking the paper blanks, with the particular means of actuating the same
substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated.
Eleventh. In a machine for making Paper bags on one machine by immediate
consecutive operations from a continuous roll of paper the general construction and
arrangement of parts and mechanism, combining the punching or cutting arrange-
ments, draw up motion, pasting or gumming and embossing arrangements in
conjunction with the stamps and Mould plate mechanism and Printing apparatus,
all substantially as and for the various purposes hereinbefore ascertained, described;
and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Twelfth. In a machine for making Paper bags the combination and arrangement
of parts for actuating the various mechanisms employed for the complete manu-
facture of the same from à continuous roll of paper, by immediato consecutive
operations as and for the purposes herein before described and illustrated by the
accompanying drawings.