Improvements in Machines for Manufacturing Ice.
Year: 1886

page_text: Improvements in Machines for Manufacturing Ice.
I, OLIVER HENRY CASTLE, of No. 90, East Georgia Street, in the City of
Indianapolis and State of Indiana, United States of America, gentleman, do hereby.
declare the nature of this invention & in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improvement in an apparatus for making ice, and it
consists of a construction and arrangement of parts which will hereinafter be
specifically set forth & claimed.
It is well known that many and various methods have been employed heretofore
in the making of ice.
Various freezing agents such as water, ether, ammonia, benzole, etc. have been
employed, of which probably the most successful is ammonia, and among the most
successful and prominent refrigerating methods are the two known respectively as
the "compression" method and the "absorption" method.
The former of these uses anhydrous ammonia, the gas of which is compressed
into a liquid containing water or other agent to take up the heat set free by the.
compression.
Then the gas is expanded again through suitable coils or chambers, taking up all
the heat, and permitting the water in the refrigerating box to form into ice, after
the expanded gas has performed its cooling functions it is again taken up by the
compression pump and liquefied.
The latter or "absorption" method uses aqua ammonia, and provides a retort or
boiler in which aqua ammonia, about, 26, per cent of purity, is placed.
The addition of heat cause the ammonia gas to leave the water in which it is
contained. At the boiling point of water, or 212° F. all but two per cent of the.
ammonia gas will be driven from the water, and a pressure of about 150 pounds
is generated in the boiler or retort. This gas in its present extremely hot condition
is led through pipe-coils which are surrounded by water, the function of the water
being to subtract from the gas its heat until the temperature of said gas has been
reduced to a sufficiently low degree to allow the pressure behind it to cause it to
liquefy.
This liquid is cooled to ordinary temperatures say, 60° F. when it is led to the
refrigerating coils and the gas expanded in them in precisely the same way as in

page_text: the compression system. That is to say, if the gas is expanded in the coils fifty
times its original volume, it becomes fifty times colder than before, or the tempera-
ture is, of 60° which is less than two degrees above the zero point or 30. below
freezing. This is the principle of the cooling. In the absorption system the
expanded gas is led into a chamber which contains the weak aqua ammonia that
came hot from the boiler and passed through suitable coils surrounded by water
the weak liquid is cooled to ordinary temperatures when it is led into this chamber
into which the gas is admitted. The gas will then be readily absorbed by the
cooled weak liquor. From this chamber it is pumped back again into the boiler
and this same cycle of operation is repeated continuously.
But upon a close observation and comparison of these two leading methods of
ice manufacture certain defects are patent which it is my purpose to remedy by
the process to be described in this application.
It is seen in the use of the absorption method that ice is produced at a less cost
than by the other method, but at the same time the process is not always reliable
or continuous, since the conditions for freezing sometimes reverse themselves, as
when the freezing coils, which should always be colder than the medium to be
frozen, in practice sometimes become heated.
The compression system is markedly more expensive in operation, but it has the
great advantage also of being at all times reliable, inasmuch as its machinery is
usually actuated by the power from a steam-engine.
The object of my invention therefore is to combine the economy of the one system
with the reliability of the other, and this result I attain by means of a mechanism
which forms the subject of this application.
Some of the points of novelty shown in the drawings and used in my process
are, first, an improved boiler or retort so constructed that its operations may
proceed continuously and without requiring. constant attendance, second, a cooler
for subtracting the heat from the hot products of the boiler as well as from the
water to be frozen, third; the application of the pressure generated within the
boiler and adjacent machinery, as a motive power to drive the pump which
forces a combined gas and solvent back into the boiler, and also pumps and raises
water for cooling and other.. purposes; fourth, the use of an improved form of
pump with its attachments and, fifth, in an improved method of increasing the
product of an outfit in a given time.
In the annexed drawings illustrating the machine which I use.
Figure 1, is a vertical section of the entire machine. Figure 2, is a top view
showing the various pipe connections of the different parts. Figure 3, is a vertical
section of the pump.
Figure 4, is an upright view of the pump plunger, Figure 5, is a section on
line x, x, of figure 3.
Figure 6, is a vertical section of the engine.
Figure 7, is a horizontal section of the same on line y, y, of figure 6.
Figure 8, is a detail section of one piston."
Figure 9, shows in section the improved valve used with my machine, and
Figure 10, is a section of a portion of the pump.
A, represents the middle chamber of the several chambers which are comprised
in my boiler of improved construction. It contains the vapor gas.
The chamber situated next to chamber, A, and forming an annular space around
it may be denominated the boiler proper, W, and into it through the pipes
numbered, 1, is pumped the enriched aqua ammonia which empties near the bottom
of the boiler, the extremity of the pipe, 1, being situated close to this bottom.
Around this chamber is situated the water space, X. The whole arrangement
further is contained within a wall or casing, Y, provided with furnace grate, bars,
ash space, etc. at the bottom, and suitable flues for the escape of smoke etc. It
will be seen that the boiler proper or chamber, W, is suspended within the outside
water-heating space, X; by being attached at its upper end to the said casing, X,
in any convenient manner as represented in the drawing in figure 1, aud is kept

page_text: steady by means of lugs not shown, which are situated at proper places within the
annular space.
And it is intended that the outside water-boiler, X, should have no outlet for the
escape of steam unless it be through a safety valve to be attached in any approved
place and mode, for it is my purpose to supply sufficient heat to create from one to
five pounds pressure of steam, which pressure, may if desired, be made to operate
through a diaphragm to open and close a damper in the pipe.
If there is no loss of water or steam there will be no need of a feed pump and
attachments.
Thus the boiler is always ready to operate and needs no care other than a fire
underneath it to keep the water hot, and the steam at a low pressure thereby
greatly saving in the amount of fuel needed to perform a given duty.
The enriched aqua ammonia which is pumped into the boiler through the pipes
designated by, R, and 1, and which empties near the bottom of said boiler, rises
as it begins to absorb heat until it reaches and falls through openings in the top
head of the central chamber.
This inside, head and shell, A, need not be as tight or as heavy as if it were
subject to as great an amount of pressure as the outer shell. Hence a saving of
material may be effected by making it light and less cumbersome in construction
and operation. In falling the gases separate from the poor or weak liquor which
goes to the bottom of central chamber, A, while the gases collect above the liquor
in the same chamber.
For convenience a water or guage glass, Z, is attached to show the height of
the weak liquor inside the central chamber, A. Also it is customary to provide
the water-boiler with a pressure guage, also the ammonia boiler. These guages
are shown in Figure 1.
The gas collected above the weak liquor in chamber, A, is conveyed thence
through the pipe marked 2, and lettered, G, to the cooler, C, and into the central
coil of pipe, B¹, within the cooler.
The weak liquor collected within the chamber, A, is taken thence through a
pipe, 3, which after exit from the boiler is lettered, S, and which also leads to the
cooler, C, but into an outside coil of pipe.
All these pipes 1, 2, and 3, proceeding from the boiler pass upward through, the
head thereof, but pipes 2, and 3, pass up through a small tube attached to the top
of the central chamber head, and allowing free communication between central and
upper gas spaces.
In all ice machines with which I am familiar and which operate upon the
absorption plan, the pressure is created with such a high degree of heat that a
greater or less amount of steam is driven over with the ammonia gas,
This steam condenses into water which mingles with the liquid ammonia and is
carried forward with it; but the anhydrous quality of the ammonia is lessened in
proportion to the amount of water added.
Then as the liquid ammonia is expanded into the coils for refrigeration or
ice making purposes the water contained in it is liable to be deposited within
such coils, and has heretofore in other machines caused stoppage of cooling
operations, so that it was found necessary to pass hot gas through the pipes in
order to blow out this water and free them of the obstruction.
In my improved boiler I propose to use 'as above stated a strong solution of
aqua ammonia, and then to introduce a certain amount of the liquid ammonia intó
the boiler, which while the boiler is cold will float upon the aqua ammonia by
reason of its being of a less specific gravity.
This liquid ammonia at ordinary temperatures has a pressure of 100 pounds per
'square inch, but if the amount of such liquid is proportioned to the volume of
space into which it is placed it follows that any desired constant pressure can be
had at ordinary temperatures, and if it be heated to any degree below the boiling
point of water an enormous pressure can be created within the boiler, and such
gas, under this pressure can be conveyed from the boiler without conveying with it

page_text: any water vapor, which clogs the pipes and is so injurious to the ice making
process.
But again in order that the water or outer boiler may operate its regulating
mechanism by means of the steam pressure within, it is found necessary to heat
the water to as high a temperature as, 212° F. for a less temperature will not afford
the required pressure.
But we have already seen that this high temperature interferes with the
production of the pure anhydrous gas which it is desired to secure.
To overcome this difficulty I find it most convenient to introduce into the water
in the boiler an agent which will reduce the boiling point without at the saine
time reducing the amount of pressure obtainable at the boiling point of water
Alcohol & ether are such agents, and I therefore preferably use the one or the
other of them.
Another advantage to be gained by this mode of producing pressure is that the
pressure upon the inner boiler can be increased since the outside shell will sustain
a portion of it.
C, represents a cooler which serves a three fold purpose, viz. to diminish the
temperature of the heated gas which comes from the boiler, to diminish the
temperature of the poor liquor, and to partially cool the water which is to be
frozen preparatory to its being further cooled and completely solidified in the ice
making cans.
This cooler is constructed to form a chamber, A¹, having inside an annular
diaphragm or ring of sheet metal, C, and this chamber, A¹, is itself placed within
a metallic or other case which contains the water to be cooled preparatory to its
being conducted to the freezing cans. The heated gas coming from the boiler
through pipe, G, enters the cooler through a hole in the top through which said
pipe passes, and it is then carried through the central coil, B₁. But before the gas
reaches the bottom of the coil it has become liquefied owing to the pressure
behind it.
The pipe, H, which enters the interior chamber, C¹, of the cooler leads from the
coils of pipe which surrounds the ice making cans, and conveys through it the
highly expanded gas after it has been used to freeze the water in said cans.
This expanded gas which is very cold, enters therefore, the chamber, C¹, and
cools the heated gas which is passing through the coil, B¹. It will then pass
outward at the bottom of this chamber through openings, a, a, into the surrounding
chamber, A¹, which contains pipes carrying the poor liquor which comes from the
boiler through pipe, S.
The gas will pass upward within this annular chamber and cool the hot weak
liquor. It will then find an outlet for itself at the top of this chamber through
the pipe, J, where it will emerge and pass to the space, K, of the compressing
pump, by which it is forced through pipe, L, into injectors and thence to the
receiving chamber, M, which contains the combined gas and solvent and weak
liquor.
The cool expanded gas in passing through the chamber, C, also serves to cool
the water contained in the outer annular space around said chamber.
The gas which becomes liquefied within the central coil is then conducted to the
engine, and as soon as the valve, V, is opened it flashes into vapor and propels
the engine which in turn drives the pump through a belt connection.
The gas exhausts into the channel or pipe, E, whence it is conducted by pipe, P,
to the refrigerating coils about the ice cans, E¹. The water in the cooler, C, is
conveyed thereto, and thence to the cans for freezing by suitable pipes not shown.
The gas after leaving the coils about the ice can mounts upward through pipe, H,
as above described.
As has already been seen the application of heat to the liquid within the
boiler, A, caused the same to separate into two substances which composed it, viz.
a gas, and a weak liquor.

page_text: We have thus far in our description discussed the circle of operations through
which the gas passes from its exit from the boiler to its arrival within the pump.
We next pursue the course taken by the weak liquor, and shall see how it will
ultimately. be recombined with the gas, and how. the solvent will again be carried
into the boiler for a repetition of the same cycle of operations.
The weak liquor finds an exit from the central chamber, A, through the pipe, 3,
by which together with the pipe, S, it is conveyed directly into the outer coil of
pipes in the cooler, or that coil which is contained within the annular chamber, A¹.
Having passed through this coil it leaves it at the lower end at a temperature of
about, 50° F. and is carried by pipe, T, to the pump and to the space, O, of the
pump where it exerts the same pressure upon the pump as the other portion of the
same liquor within the boiler does upon the boiler, and has a tendency to move
the piston downward.
On the upward stroke of the pump the cold weak liquor is forced out through
the pipe, U, to a point where it reaches and passes through one or more injector
shaped nozzles at, G¹.
"
Through these it passes into the main and larger injectors, H¹, (see figure 10.)
and into the receiving chamber, M. It will be observed that the weak liquor and
the expanded gas coming through different pipes from the pump will meet and
commingle in the larger injectors, through which they are both driven into the
receiving chamber, M.
The gas combines with the cold liquor making it hot and reducing the volumes
of both. As the pump plunger goes upward the gas and water spaces are
diminished, and the receiving chamber is increased, thus compelling the combined
gas and solvent to seek the enlarged chamber. In this chamber the crank shaft, J¹,
and rod, I, move, and their combined movement serves to more effectually com-
mingle the gas and solvent by shaking them well up, splashing, and exposing a
large amount of liquid surface to take up the gas for it is a well known principle
that gas will absorb much more readily when well shaken than when not.
From this chamber, M, the liquor again enriched by its combination with the
gas is led by the pipe, Q, up into the pump space, N, and under the action of the
pump it is driven out through the pipe, R, and emptied through pipe, 1, at
the bottom of the chamber, W, in like manner as it was first introduced as
heretofore explained.
These are the courses and operations that the gas and weak liquor pass through
continually.
Being at first disunited under the action of heat, then the gas changing to a
liquid, and back again to a gas then expanding, and finally recombining with the
liquor, and presenting the combination once more to the disuniting influence
of heat.
It is usual in ice machines operating on the absorption plan to convey the cold
weak liquor to the condensing chamber by a pipe leading from the boiler, so this
liquor will be under boiler pressure when it enters the condensing chamber, but it
requires constant attention to keep the valve in proper regulation for working.
Thus unequal volumes of cold liquor are exposed to varying volumes of the
expanded gas, consequently there is a great fluctuation in the amount of gas that
will be absorbed by the absorbent. This is sometimes great, and at other times
reduces so much as to entirely cease. My improved machine and method takes
away all this uncertainty, & affords a means whereby a fixed volume of gas is to be
absorbed by a fixed volume of the absorbent which has been properly cooled. In
other words, if the liquor does not absorb the gas sufficiently and so effect a
combination of the two, it is forced to absorb and combine by pressure.. The more
pressure the gas is under and the colder the weak liquor the greater will be the
volume of gas taken up by the absorbent.
It remains to describe the construction and operation of the engine and the
pump which I use in the manufacture of ice. .

page_text: Figures 6, 7, and 8, indicate the details of construction of my engine, and
represent it with a vertical single-acting three-trunk piston. There are but two
main castings, the base, K', and the cylinder casting, L¹. The cylinder is triple and
constructed to allow the entrance of three pistons.
Its casting contains the flange below to which the base, K1, is fastened by means
of bolts passing through holes in the flange of the base and projecting upward,
around the outside of the base, and through holes in the flange of the cylinder
casting.
The boxes or bearings, c, for the three throw crank shaft, d, are preferably cast
with the cylinder casting, and have the half boxes or caps bolted on.
Into each of the three cylinder boxes, e, are fitted solid trunk pistons adapted
to move freely up and down yet fitting sufficiently close to prevent leakage, and
the greater length of the pistons to the throw of the crank permits a lighter piston
to be made with a less amount of wear than if the pistons were of shorter stroke.
Into these solid pistons are drilled and cut two slots, each meeting a central hole, g,
which acts as a port for the incoming gas on the one side, and as an exit port for
the outgoing gas near the opposite side.
This is readily seen by reference to figure, 7, and the direction of the arrows
which are there shown. The gas entering at, E, passes onward until it meets the
ports, g, g, g, where it enters into the slots of the several pistons and emerging
through ports, g, g, g, opposite it will pass out through, E; and pursue its course in
the manner already described. The trunk piston is oscillated from side to side as
the crank wrist, h, changes angles relatively into a position directly opposite,
combined with the reciprocating movement of the piston so that the slots are
brought into alternate communication with the passage, E, on the one side, and the
passage, E, on the other side which causes the gas to enter through one port press
against the upper surface and push the pistons downward and cause a movement
of the crank, d. This arrangement does not need a fly wheel and will start at once
as soon as the gas is admitted. Each part of the cylinder, and each piston and
connecting rod is constructed on the same plan, so the crank shaft with its angular
crank wrists makes all the movements in their proper times. In figure, 6, one of
the journal boxes for the shaft, d, is made of some length and is constructed with
a spherical shape, externally, the purpose being to provide a long bearing for the
crank shaft. Gum or other packing is used between the flanges and the spherical
joint which are bolted together, so that a tight box is provided.
The combination of the long bearing with a shallow threaded shaft will permit
oil or glycerine to pass back into the cylinder casing and leakage under pressure
-will be prevented.
Figures 3, 4, and 5, represent my improved pump to be used in ice making.
B, designates the external casing. It will readily be seen that the plan of con-
struction of the pump is the same as that of the engine just described as it
combines several pump spaces and is driven by a single crank shaft having the
crank wrist set at an angle with its line of bearings, such arrangement being for
-the purpose of imparting to the plungers the same oscillations and reciprocations
that a like mechanism in the engine imparts to the pistons within the cylinder
casing. Also the pump is. provided with ports which lead to and form the pump
spaces according as the plunger rises and falls. Figure, 5, is a section through
the pump on the line, x-x, of figure, 3, and exhibits the arrangement of the
outlet and inlet pipes, showing how they are brought into communication with
the central pump space. Fig. 3, shows the pump having three spaces of different
. diameters K, O, and, N, and figure, 4, represents a plunger having different
- diameters at different parts of its length and adapted to move within the spaces of
the pump. The plunger has a rod, I, attached to it at one end and at the other to
a crank wrist by which the proper motions are given to the plunger.
It is unnecessary to repeat here the particular space to and from which each
pipe leads as this has already been indicated in speaking of the course of the gas
and weak liquor through the pipe system.

page_text: Figure 10, represents the injector condenser used in connection with the pump.
The cold weak liquor enters through pipe, U, and is forced by the pump through
injector shaped nozzles into larger nozzles. In so doing it carries with it a large
amount of gas, at the same time itself condensing, and. the combined products of
gas and liquor is brought under the plunger in the space, M. Thus the pump
reunites the two constituents of the elementary substance with which we started
in the boiler and which have since their exit from the boiler pursued separate
courses and performed separate duties.
Figure 9, represents the improved valve, F¹, which I use in my machine and
which is located on the pipe, P, between the valve, V, and the ice freezing cans
and it is used to regulate the flow of the expanded gas coming from the engine to
the cans where it is to perform its cooling function.
.
.:
The valve is operated by a hand screw, i, at the top which raises or lowers a rod
or piston, j, fitting tightly within a cylindrical casing, and having its lower end so
fashioned as to open or close a pipe passed through. the base of the valve casing.
In practice it has been found that when water is placed in the cans of the
refrigerating box to be frozen, that the outer surface is frozen first and that the
freezing process proceeds inwardly towards the middle. After about two thirds of
the water has been frozen, it is found that it requires about twice as long to freezé
the remaining one-third as it did originally to freeze the two thirds or the one
third on each side.
This is evidently due to the fact that all the heat subtracted from the water had
to pass through the encircling layers of ice.
I propose to remedy this by suspending within each can a slab of ice of say
one-third the thickness of the can. Then when the outer thirds of the water are
frozen the inner cake of ice will be frozen fast and solid in the middle. Thesè
cakes of ice for this purpose can easily be supplied from another machine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In a ice machine for ice making, a condensible gas-retort or boiler consisting
of the chambers, A, W, and, X, contained, the one within the other, the outer one
as, X, being adapted to hold water for heating, the next one as, W, being suspended
therein and adapted to hold the saturated solution of condensible gas and its
solvent, and the central one, A, communicating at the top with the chamber, W,
and adapted to hold the separated gas and weak liquor; and this entire triple
chambered arrangement being situated within a wall or casing, Y, which has the
accompaniments of a furnace for heating the substance within the boiler, all
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
:
2. In a machine for making ice, a condensible gas-retort or boiler consisting of
three or more chambers contained, one within the other, the middle chamber
suspended within the outer, and the central chamber mounted within the middlė
one by attachment to its bottom, and provided at the top with a greater or less
number of perforations and with a tubular passageway communicating with the
said middle chamber, substantially as shown and described.
3. In an ice making machine, a condensible gas-retort or boiler consisting of
three or more chambers contained one within the other, the whole being combined
with a furnace, the central chamber as, A, being provided with a water-guage, Z,
for showing the height of the liquor within the same, and the other chambers being
each provided with pressure guages, substantially as shown and for the purpose
specified.
'
4. In an ice making machine a closed chamber or cooler, C, containing two or
more coils of pipe through which gas and weak liquor coming from the boiler may
pass and be cooled preparatory to their further use in water freezing, substantially
as shown and described.

page_text: 5. In an ice making machine the cooler, C, having an outer annular casing which
contains water to be cooled, a second chamber, A', containing a coil of pipe, and a
third chamber, formed by a loose shell or annular diaphragm, C1, communicating
with the next chamber by apertures, a, a, near the bottom, containing a pipe-coil,
and filled with the expanded and cool gas by means of a pipe, H, entering at the
top, substantially as shown and for the purpose specified.
6. In an ice-making machine the combination with a chambered boiler, sub-
stantially as described of an inlet pipe, R, entering the top head of the boiler and
having its extremity situated near the bottom of the chamber, W, and outlet
pipes 2, 3, G, S, extending outward from the inner chamber, W, through the top
head of the boiler whereby the gas and liquor separated by heat may be conveyed
away, as specified and shown.
7. In an ice-making machine the combination of a boiler having three or more
chambers, W, X, and, A, situated within an enclosing wall, Y, a cooler, C, having
interior chambers, A¹, and, C¹, pipe, R, leading into the boiler, and pipes, S, and, G,
leading from the boiler, substantially as shown and described for the purpose
specified.
8. In an ice-making machine a three cylinder engine, having trunk pistons
which fit the boxes, e, e, e, of the cylinder, L, and are actuated by rods, b,
connected with a three throw crank shaft having crank wrists, h, inclined at an
angle with the line of bearings said pistons being provided with ports, f, adapted
to be closed and unclosed by the oscillations and reciprocations of the pistons
whereby the exit and inlet pipes, E, E, communicate with these ports, and admit
the vapor or gas which drives the engine, substantially as shown and described..
9. In a machine for the manufacture of ice a vapor engine constructed of two
castings, K, and, L', one of which contains the cylinder bores and the other, K',
contains bearings, c, for the crank shaft, d, said two castings being bolted together
by bolts passing through their flanges, substantially as shown and described.
10. In a machine for the manufacture of ice, a crank shaft having the centre line
of its crank wrists set at an angle to the line of bearings, the divergence of the
central line of the wrist from the axial line of the bearings being regulated to
conform to the amount of oscillations necessary to be given the piston to allow its
ports to be opened and closed in the manner and for the purpose specified.
11. In a machine for making ice, an engine adapted to be driven by the vapor
gas, of the freezing agent, connected with a cooler, C, by a pipe, E, provided with
valve, V, for admitting the gas to the engine, substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
'
12. In a machine for making ice an engine driven by vapor gas consisting of
the combination of the triple bored cylinder casting, L₁, having inlet and outlet
passages, E, E, for the gas, the casting K', having a space for the lubricant, crank
bearings, c, c, spherical packing box, M', for the long end of the crank shaft; the
three cylinders provided with the ports, f, the crank shaft, d, having crank
wrists, h, set at an angle to the axial line of shaft bearings, and the connecting
rods, b, formed in two parts substantially as and for the purpose specified..
13. In a machine for making ice the combination of a chamber boiler, a cooler, C,
connected with said boiler by means of pipes, G, and, S, and an engine connected
with the cooler by a pipe, E, through which gas is transmitted from the boiler to
drive it, substantially as shown and described.
14. In a machine for making ice a pump, B, having internal pump spaces, K, O, N,
of different diameters, and a plunger constructed to fit said spaces actuated by
rod, I, driven by a crank shaft having the angularly set crank-wrist, J, said
plunger being provided with inlet and outlet ports to correspond with the passages
in the pump casing itself, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
15. In a machine for making ice the combination with a pump as described of
the pipes, R, U, and, L, leading from the pump and pipes, J, T, and, Q, leading
to said spaces from other parts of the apparatus, substantially as shown and
described.

page_text: 16. In an ice-making machine the combination with a pump as described of a
lower chamber, M, provided with injector shaped nozzles communicating with
pipe, U, and larger injector shaped nozzles communicating with a pipe, L, whereby
the gas and weak liquor coming from pump spaces through said pipes may be
reunited within this chamber which is also provided with an exit pipe, Q.
substantially as shown and described.
17. In an ice making machine an apartment provided with two sets of injector-
shaped nozzles, those of one set being larger than those of the other whereby gas.
and liquid entering under pressure may combine within the chamber, substantially
as shown and described.
18. In an ice making machine a chambered boiler whose water space is filled
with a liquid composed of water and alcohol whose boiling point is less than water,
so that when the composition is heated to its boiling point, gas only may be
carried forward from the supercharged central chamber, thus leaving all the
vapors of the water behind, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
19. In a machine for making ice, a boiler or retort, W, containing a condensible
gas and the solvent therefor, said solvent being charged with such condensible
gas to the greatest quantity that may be dissolved or taken up by it provided
with a pipe for further introducing into such boiler or retort a sufficient amount
of such condensed liquefied gas as will result in producing at ordinary temperatures
a pressure of several atmospheres, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
20. In an ice making machine, a chambered boiler as described, having a
chamber, W, containing a saturated solution of the condensible gas and its solvent
and the further addition in sufficient quantities of the condensed or liquid gas, so
that the resulting pressure at ordinary temperatures may be sufficient to cause a
pump or engine to operate for a time without the addition of heat as a previous
requirement to the movement of such pump or engine, substantially as shown and
described.
21. In an ice making machine, a boiler or retort constructed so that the rich
aqua ammonia shall enter at or near the bottom coming at once in contact with a
warm heating surface and rising gradually as the enriched aqua ammonia keeps
coming in and heated portions rise until it is discharged through numerous
openings in the cover or top of the central chamber and into the interior gas space
therein contained, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
22. In an ice making machine, a boiler constructed with a condensible gas
chamber or retort having an envelope of hot water or other heating medium,
adapted to be heated directly by a furnace, and so arranged that the same supply
of water may be used continuously without requiring further additional quantities,
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
23. In an ice making machine a trunk piston for use in a pump of peculiar
construction as described, provided with ports, and with a forked connecting
rod, i, made in two parts, and so arranged as to permit its ends to surround the
trunnions of a crank box, also in halves, and a piston wrist box having trunnions, y,
so as to regulate the oscillations of the piston, substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
24. In an ice making machine, the combination of pipe, P, and valve, P',
consisting essentially of hand screw, i, and rod, j, the same being for the purpose
of controlling the supply of expanded gas in the refrigerating cans, substantially as
described.
25. In an ice making machine a box, E, for the insertion of freezing cans
adapted to be used with small slabs of ice which are placed in the middle portion of
the freezing water of each can, substantially as shown and for the purpose specified.
26. In an ice making machine, the combination of a chambered boiler, a furnace,
a cooler, a pump, an engine, and a water freezing box, substantially as described
for the purpose specified.
27. In an ice making machine, the combination of the boiler having chambers, W,
X, A, and outer wall, Y the pump, B, connected with chamber, W, by a pipe, R,

page_text: the cooler, C, containing two or more pipe coils connecting with chamber, A, of
the boiler, the engine connecting with the cooler by the pipe, E, and driven by the
gas coming through said pipe, E, said engine being connected with and driving by
belting the pump, B, the refrigerating box, containing ice cans, and connected with
the engine by a pipe, P, through which the flow of the gas is controlled by a
valve, E¹; and pipe, H, leading from said box to cooler, substantially as shown and
described.
28. In a machine for ice making the combination of the pump, B, having
internal pump spaces, K, O, and, N, plunger, connecting rod, Î, crank shaft, o,
band wheel, P¹, and the engine for driving the same having in its construction two
castings, L, K, and three pistons fitting into as many cylinder boxes and actuating
a crank shaft, d having band wheel, Q¹, which connects by a belt with the band
wheel, P¹, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
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Dated this 2nd day of Mauch 1006