matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN THRASHING MACHINES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Davey at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th September
1866.
I, JOHN DAVEY, of Wisbeach, in the County of Cambridge, Agricultural
Implement Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THRASHING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
My Invention of improvements in thrashing machines relates to various
improvements whereby they are rendered more effective. The construction
of the thrashing machines is moreover much simplified and their manufacture
rendered less costly than heretofore.
The first improvement relates to a novel construction of straw shaker or
apparatus whereby the straw after the grain has been beaten out is shaken out,
and finally delivered from the machine. The improved straw shaker consists
mainly of a sector bar or bars provided with teeth, prongs, or tines, and to which
a compound motion is imparted by mounting the sector bars on a pivot or shaft
which is connected to a horizontal bar, to which a reciprocating vibrating
motion is communicated by means of a crank or a connecting rod and crank
on the axle of a rotating spiked roller; this latter rotates in a kind of cage
provided with gratings or combs, consisting of vertical bars, between which the
spikes or tines of the roller pass when it rotates, and in so doing will catch

page_text: hold of and carry forward the straw as it is delivered from the delivery plate,
which consists of a grating of longitudinal bars, so that the grain and chaff
may fall through and be separated from the straw. The tail end of the sector
is connected by a rod to another crank so that it may be rocked on its centre
at the same time that it is carried to and fro by the crank on the spiked
roller shaft. The shog boards are actuated by cranks and connecting rods
and rest upon bars which are connected to flat springs made either of
metal or of india-rubber; these springs are placed below the shog boards
instead of at the sides of the machine as is usual. They are therefore more
conveniently placed than heretofore, and I am also enabled to reduce the
number of springs required.
The next improvement consists in adapting to the axle of the corn elevator
one or more fans or blowers, the elevator is divided longitudinally by a central
partition and the blast from the additional fans or blowers is made to issue
below or at a lower level than the delivery aperture of the elevator so that it
will give the corn a second or third dressing. By this means the separate
fan or blower driven by separate gearing may be dispensed with.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SIGNALS TO BE USED UPON RAILWAYS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Martyn Clements at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
November 1866.
I, HENRY MARTYN CLEMENTS, of Buckingham Terrace, Victoria Park,
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SIGNALS TO BE USED UPON RAILWAYS," to be
as follows:-
This Invention is intended principally to be used as a fog and night signal,
but may also be employed at other times as an auxiliary to (or even in the
place of) the ordinary signals.
The Invention consists of a miniature signal post with arms, lamp, and
colored glasses similar to the ordinary signal post, and placed upon the top of
the fire-box, or in any other similarly conspicuous position on the locomotive
engine in view of the engine driver. The signal arms and colored glasses a e
connected to levers or catches attached by brackets to the frame of the
engine, and acted upon by movable rails or other equivalent arrangement
placed on or near the ground outside the metals; the said movable rails or
other equivalent being so connected to the wire of the ordinary signal lever
that when that lever is pulled over to "caution" or "danger" the said rail is
raised up, and as the train passes over that part of the rails where it is situated
it comes in contact with and actuates the catches or levers attached to the
locomotive in such a manner as to cause the signal arm and colored glass to
give the necessary signal on the engine in front of the driver, who is thus

page_text: warned of the danger when owing to fog or other causes it might not be
possible for him to see the ordinary distance or station signals.
The signal arm may be furnished with a counterbalance weight, or with a
spring, so that it only remains in action so long as the catch or lever is on
the movable rail (which may be made of any convenient length) and then
returns to its original or "all right" position, and a continuous series of these
movable rails should be laid between the distance signal and the station, so
that the engine driver by passing slowly on might be warned as soon as the
signal "line clear" was given, and he might then proceed at the ordinary
speed to the station.
IMPROVE- MENT IN THE COUPLINGS OF RAILWAY CARRIAGES, TRUCKS, OR VANS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Douglas Morgan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
April 1866.
I, RICHARD DOUGLAS MORGAN, of Hay, in the County of Brecon,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENT IN THE COUPLINGS OF RAILWAY CARRIAGES, TRUCKS, OR VANS," to be as
follows:-
The coupling is so arranged that the carriage, truck, or van, to which it is
applied may be connected or disconnected by moving a lever handle, fixed on
either side of the carriage, truck, or van, and connected with the coupling
hook or clamp, so that the carriage, truck, or van may be coupled from the
platform, or from either side of carriage, truck, or van.
The drawbar, as at present used, may be adopted for the purpose of this
Invention, by means of a pin hole at the end thereof. Through this hole,
and at right angles with the drawbar, a round or square bar of iron or other
suitable material is passed, so as to extend from one side of the carriage,
truck, or van, to the other, passing through the buffer and projecting far
enough to receive a lever or handle with a proper fastening, or stop, and fender.
This handle or lever is connected with, and when worked, moves a hook and
loop, as shewn on the 2 Drawings or Plans, which drops into and fastens on
a corresponding hook and loop on the next carriage, truck, or van, thereby
coupling them from either side of truck, carriage, or van, instead of the
present dangerous way of going between trucks. The shaft or bar of iron is

page_text: marked L on the Plan herewith left. Fastened to and in the centre of this
bar or shaft is a combined hook and loop, as shown on the Plan marked C and
E, so that by moving the handles from B to A in the Plan, the hooks marked
C and E will be thrown respectively to D and F; thus disconnecting the
carriage, truck, or van from the side instead of middle. To the end of the
drawbar, and from the cross bar a chain G is suspended, so as to enable a truck,
carriage, or van, with the patent coupling attached, to still be fastened in the
old way to any other truck, carriage, or van, which may not have the patent
coupling attached, thus enabling this important Invention to be carried out
gradually.
Year: 1866

page_text: lowered, such motion being due either to the difference in the diameter of the
two sheaves in the fixed block, or to the difference in the number of revolu-
tions made by such sheaves; the weight is maintained or suspended by the
fact of the gearing tending to lock the two sheaves when acted upon by the
gravity of the suspended weight alone. Should it be desired to possess the
power of throwing the differential action out of gear, with a view to raising or
lowering more rapidly than can be effected by the differential action of the
pulleys, then I propose to adapt to one or both of the sheaves, or to the inter-
mediate gearing wheel, & clutch and a catch on the frame, whereby one of the
two sheaves may be readily locked, whilst the other is allowed to run freely.
When chains are used the sheaves in the fixed block should be provided
with suitable recesses and projections on their peripheries gearing or locking
into or between the links in order to prevent the slipping of the chain over
the sheaves, and when ropes or flat bands are used the requisite bite or
friction to prevent slipping may be obtained by applying one or more friction
rollers in contact with the differential sheaves, so as to press upon the rope or
band; the friction rollers are incapable of separate rotation, but are geared
to the gearing of the sheaves; pressure may be applied if required to them by
means of springs, wedges, or levers, acted upon by the hanging loops. This
same system of obtaining bite or friction may be applied to differential blocks
of the ordinary construction, or to a block wherein differential power is
obtained by passing a rope or flat band two or more times round a single
sheave.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SAPES OR RECEPTACLES FOR VALUABLE PROPERTY
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Baxter and John Hunt
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 11th June 1866.
We, JOHN BAXTER and JOHN HUNT, both of the City of Manchester, Com-
mercial Clerks, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SAPES OR RECEPTACLES FOR VALUABLE PROPERTY," to be as
follows:-
Our Invention consists, first, in making the four sides and the back of the
safe or receptacle in one casting of steel or other metal, and the door in the
same manner, instead of making them of several parts jointed together, as
now customary.
Secondly, our Invention consists in making the joints of the door and the
body of the safe or receptacle with V-shaped or toothed projections and
recesses, instead of straight, as now customary, by which means the difficulty
of introducing wedges for bursting open the safe is greatly increased.
Thirdly, our Invention consists in making a groove in the body of the
safe or receptacle, and a corresponding projection on the lid, or vice versa,
and in causing the bolts to pass into holes in the body of the safe or receptacle
at both sides of the said projection.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN WATERPROOFING TEXTILE FABRICS, AND IN PRESERVING LEATHER, CORK, WOOD, AND VULCANIZED INDIA-RUBBER, ALSO TERRA COTTA, STUCCO, BRICK, AND LIKE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Francis Baxter at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th
August 1866.
CHARLES FRANCIB BAXTER, of Boston, Massachusetts, United States of
America, now residing at Nelson Square, Blackfriars Road, in the County of
Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN WATERPROOFING TEXTILE FABRICS, AND IN PRESERVING LEATHER, CORK,
WOOD, AND VULCANIZED INDIA-RUBBER, ALSO TERRA COTTA, STUCCO, BRICK, AND
LIKE SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in waterproofing textile
fubrics, and in preserving leather, cork, wood, and vulcanized india-rubber,
also terra cotta, stucco, brick, and like substances, and the improvements
consist in the application of paraffin to the waterproofing and preserving the
above materials. To render textile fabrics waterproof by means of paraffin
the textile fabrics are either immersed in melted paraffin or are otherwise
impregnated therewith. In like manner by impregnating leather with paraffin,
it is rendered more durable and is preserved from cracking and from mould,
and is also rendered waterproof. The pores of cork and wood may also
be filled with paraffin to prevent water or other liquids soaking into them.
Paraffin may also be employed for filling up the pores of terra cotta, stucco,
brick, and like substances to preserve them from weather, or to render them

page_text: capable of holding water. To preserve articles of vulcanized india-rubber
from oxidation they are immersed in a bath of melted paraffin to impregnate
them with this material; this treatment also to a great extent removes the
odour and taste of the vulcanized india-rubber, and thus renders it more
suitable for being used for containing fluids.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LADIES' DRESSES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Chickall Jay at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd January
1866.
I, WILLIAM CHICKALL JAY, of Regent Street, in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LADIES' DRESSES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to make the bodies of ladies' dresses so that
the same body is capable of adapting itself to fit different figures and so as to
give greater freedom of movement to the wearer.
The Invention consists in inserting a strip or band of elastic material about
an inch in width, more or less, on each side of the front of the dress, running
from the shoulder down the front to the waist, also in inserting a similar
strip or band of elastic material on each side of the back, running from the
shoulder to the waist, and a similar strip or band along each shoulder. These
strips or bands will expand according to the figure of the wearer, and will at
the same time allow greater freedom of movement.
THE APPLICATION AND USE OF A CERTAIN MATERIAL TO BE EMPLOYED IN ADMIXTURE WITH INDIA-RUBBER, OILS, RESINS, OR BITUMINOUS MATTERS, WHICH COMBINATIONS MAY BE APPLIED TO VARIOUS USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Buckingham at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
March 1866.
I, JAMES BUCKINGHAM, of Westmoreland House, Walworth, in the County
of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "THE APPLICATION AND USE OF A CERTAIN MATERIAL TO BE EMPLOYED IN
ADMIXTURE WITH INDIA-RUBBER, OILS, RESINS, OR BITUMINOUS MATTERS,
WHICH COMBINATIONS MAY BE APPLIED TO VARIOUS USEFUL PURPOSES," to be.as
follows:-
My Invention is designed for the purpose of reducing india-rubber from a
solid to a paste-like, semi-liquid, or other state in which it may be miscible
by means of a certain material, in which state it may be used alone, and
also relates to the admixture of solutions of india-rubber, previously made in
other solvents, with the same material, and also to the admixture of the same
material with oxidized oils or with resins or bituminous matters which may be
used in any state of combination.
The improvements consist in the application and use of the material called
"solid paraffine" in admixture with india-rubber, or resins, or bituminous
matter, or vegetable oils, the "solid paraffine" being used in any quantity,
according to the thickness of the solution required..

page_text: As an example of the useful purposes to which this Invention may be applied
I may give the waterproofing of woven fabrics and the utilization of waste
vulcanized and other india-rubber.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BRAIDING MACHINES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Furnival at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th October
1866.
I, RICHARD FURNIVAL, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Braid Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BRAIDING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
My improvements relate to the arrangements used for regulating the drawing
off or delivery of the yarn from the bobbin carried by each braiding machine
spindle.
In the ordinary arrangement the thread passes from the bobbin upon
the spindle through holes in the "flyer," then through a hole in a "lifter"
jointed to the "flyer," then through the "eye" of the weight in the hollow
of the spindle, and then through the eye at the top of the spindle. There are
notches in the top of the bobbin into which the "lifter" enters so as to
prevent the bobbin from rotating to unwind the thread, except when the
weight comes in contact with and raises the "lifter" so as to release
the bobbin and allow the thread to unwind till the weight and lifter again
descend.
My improvements consist in dispensing in some cases with the "lifter"
and in retarding the rotation of the bobbin by forming inclined notches upon

page_text: or applying ratchet surfaces to its lower end, these inclined notches or ratchet
surfaces resting upon a pin or upon other inclined surfaces, so that as the
bobbin rotates it will have an up-and-down movement. The weight of the
bobbin resting upon the inclined or ratchet surface or surfaces forms the
retarding force.
Another method consists in forming the bottom of the bobbin into a cono
or with cone grooves, and with corresponding cones or grooves upon the
spindle, so that the weight of the bobbin combined with the said cones or
grooves will give the amount of retardation required.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN LAMPS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henri Adrien Bonneville at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
31st January 1866.-A communication from Victor Delaye Le Paul
and Jules Garrigue, residing at Place de l'Opera, Paris, in the Empire
of France.
I, HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent
Offices, 24, Rue du Mont Thabor, Paris, in the Empire of France, and
38, Porchester Terrace, Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex, Patent
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LAMPS," communicated to me by Victor Delaye Le Paul and
Jules Garrigue, persons residing at Place de l'Opera, Paris, in the Empire
of France, aforesaid, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the application of oxygen to lamps for
increasing their lighting power. This is done by forming the lamp with
a cavity for containing oxygen, which flows through the tube serving
ordinarily for the passage of the air. The upper end of this tube is
partially closed by a plug bored with holes through which the oxygen is
spread over the burning wick or flame, increasing its brilliancy. In cases
where this is practicable a tube communicating with a reservoir of oxygen
may be used instead of the cavity in the lamp.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MOTIVE-POWER ENGINES, PARTS OF WHICH ARE SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAISING AND FORCING WATER AND FOR OTHER MINING PURPOSES
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Julian Bernard, of No. 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields,
London, but at present residing at No. 50, George Square, Glasgow, in
the County of Lanark, North Britain, Gentleman, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MOTIVE-POWER ENGINES, PARTS OF WHICH ARE SPECIALLY
ADAPTED FOR RAISING AND FORCING WATER AND FOR OTHER MINING
PURPOSES."
Sealed the 18th November 1866, and dated the 17th May 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Julian Bernard at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
May 1866.
I, JULIAN BERNARD, of No. 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, but at
present residing at No. 50, George Square, Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention "of IMPROVEMENTS IN MOTIVE-POWER ENGINES, PARTS OF WHICH ARE
SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAISING AND FORCING WATER AND FOR OTHER MINING
PURPOSES," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention consists in the application of compressed air in combination
with a liquid or liquids by which the main working parts are lubricated and

page_text: kept tight for actuating engines used for the raising or forcing of water from
mines and for performing other operations where the application of power is
required.
Under one modification an engine is situated in any convenient part of the
mine, and its cylinder is constructed with chambers at one or both ends con-
taining water or other fluid; these chambers directly open into the cylinder
and both sides of the piston working therein are exposed and covered by
the liquid passing thereto from the chambers. Compressed air is the motive
agent employed, and the chambers are provided with valves of any suitable
construction for its admission and exhaust. The pumps may be worked direct
from the piston rod or other reciprocating parts of the engine.
Under another modification in place of using a separate cylinder for
actuating the pumps, the pumps themselves are rendered capable by special
arrangements of being used as motive-power cylinders. According to
one mode of arranging such pumps, one or more are situated beneath a
lever or segment, and their plungers or pistons are connected by chains
or otherwise to the opposite ends of the lever or segment. Valves are
applied to the pump barrel and admit air to one side of the plunger attached
to one end of the lever or segment, the air causes the plunger to descend, and
at the same time raises that or those on the opposite side filling the, barrel or
barrels with water, whilst the water in the barrels in which the piston or plunger
has been depressed is expelled; the air is thus alternately admitted to one
side of the piston or plunger by means of valves actuated by the motion of
the piston or plunger in each barrel, and thus the pumps themselves without
being coupled to another engine are rendered capable of performing operations
where the application of power is required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FURNACES AND KILNS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLASS AND IN THE HEATING AND BURNING OF ARTICLES OF GLASS AND EARTHENWARE
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Bevan and Abel Fleming
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 9th February 1866.
We, EDWARD BEVAN, of Birkenhead, in the County of Chester, Watch
Manufacturer, and ABEL FLEMING, of Liverpool, in the County of Lan-
caster, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FURNACES AND KILNS EMPLOYED IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF GLASS AND IN THE HEATING AND BURNING OF ARTICLES OF GLASS
AND EARTHENWARE," to be as follows:-
The object of our Invention is to reduce or prevent the loss or waste of
heat which now takes place by radiation or dissipation thereof into the
atmosphere from furnaces and kilns of every kind and description employed
in the manufacture of glass and articles of glass and earthenware; to obtain
within such furnaces or kilns a more uniform temperature, and thereby
improve the manufacture by producing material or articles of a homo-
geneous character; to render the works in which the above-mentioned
manufactures are carried on less inimical to the health of the workmen;
and to economize fuel. We construct outside or over the walls, arches,
roofs, crowns, or other outer surfaces of the above-mentioned furnaces or
kilns, or outside or over the more exposed portions or parts of them only,
at a distance therefrom, other walls of brick or masonry or coverings of
metal or other material; or several walls or coverings, the one outside and

page_text: removed from the other, may be constructed. In the space or spaces so
formed between the walls and envelope exposed to the air we admit
atmospheric air or other gas, preferably in a dry condition, (and to allow
for expansion and contraction thereof we place valves or regulators in the
outer wall or walls, covering or coverings, weighted or set so as to open
outwards or inwards at any desired pressure. The air or gas enclosed in
the space or spaces and interposed between the part of the furnaces or
kilns in contact with the flames or heated gases from their fire-places, and
the outer wall or covering as constructed by us, secures (amongst others)
the advantages above mentioned as being the object of our Invention.
THE APPLICATION OF CHLORINE FOR THE CONDENSATION OF NITROUS GAS AND IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Thomas Hughes at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
August 1866. Acommunication from abroad by Charles Large, of Lyons,
in the Empire of France.
J, EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent Agents,
123, Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "THE APPLICATION OF CHLORINE FOR THE CONDENSATION OF NITROUS
GAS AND IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," a com-
munication to me from abroad by Charles Large, of Lyons, in the Empire of
France, to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the application of chlorine for the conden-
sation of the nitrous gas which arises from the manufacture of rusty mordants,
arsenious acid, or any other products, and the Invention consists in the
oxidation of nitrous gas by chlorine in contact with water. For the industrial
application of this process an apparatus is empleyed of which the first part
consists of a boiler or vessel in which the reactions take place which produce
the nitrous gas; this vessel is closed, but mounted with tubes which conduct
the gas to a series of jars or vessels arranged similar to the bottles of Woolfe's
apparatus; these jars contain water, and the last of the series communicates
with the factory chimney. This arrangement is what is generally employed,
but by its use very little nitrous gas is condensed, and my improvements in
the apparatus consist in adapting to the first of a series of about twenty jars
one or more vessels for the production of chlorine, according to the extent of
Price 8d1

page_text: the manufacture; thus when 3,000 killos of copperas is acted on by 4 to 500
killos of nitric acid two apparati for evolving chlorine will be sufficient.
Each chlorine apparatus contains 50 killos of bi-oxide of manganese, on which
is poured 150 killos of hydrochloric acid, and then both are heated to about
100° centigrade in a water bath or by means of steam. The nitric acid is
added by degrees to the copperas, about 50 killos, at intervals of a quarter of
an hour, and the operation occupies about two days. By this system no gas
is lost, and about 50 per cent. of the nitric acid employed is regenerated.
At the end of four or five operations an acid is found in the jars marking
from 25 to 30 degrees B. on the acid tester, which acid can be mixed with
the ordinary nitric acid for a fresh operation for producing rusty mordant or
other n
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Cresswell Brentnall and
Robert Edge at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 19th October 1866.
We, JOHN CRESSWELL BRENTNALL, of the City of Manchester, and ROBERT,
EDGE, of Halliwell, near Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING," to be as follows:-
The first part of our Invention relates to driving the spindles of machines
for spinning and doubling. In order to adapt the spindles for being driven
according to our improvements we place them in curved lines instead of
straight, as now customary, and we drive all the spindles on both sides of the
machine by an endless band passing over suitable guide pulleys; the band is
driven by a grooved pulley at one end of the machine, or by two or more
grooved pulleys driven from a longitudinal shaft acting in succession on the
endless band. In order to keep the endless band at the proper tension we.
apply a weighted pulley to it which takes up the slack.
The second part of our Invention relates to the spindles, flyers, and spindle
rails of machines for spinning and doubling, and consists in making the
spindles parallel in the haft and dispensing with the screw at the top; the
spindles work in a stationary bolster rail and in footsteps in the bottom rail,
which is moved up and down to raise and lower the bobbin for distributing
the yarn on its surface. Our improved flyer is inverted and works loose-upon
the spindle; it is made with a double curl on each of the arms, and with a

page_text: long socket on which the wharve is placed, instead of being on the spindle as
usual. Our improved rails consist of a series of curves instead of being
straight as usual, or they may be straight if required. The bobbins rest on
flanges fixed to the spindles, and they are either connected to the said flanges
by a pin, or they are left unconnected according to the numbers that are being
spun or doubled.
The third part of our Invention relates to the creels of doubling frames,
and consists in placing the skewers with the cops of yarn to be doubled in a
footstep as usual, and supporting the upper ends of the skewers in wire loops
as usual, but the yarn as it is drawn off the cops passes through the said wire
loop, and is taken upwards over the guide wire and around a glass or iron
hook at the top, and from thence down through the water trough to the rollers
in the usual way.
AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR RECOVERING COTTON WASTE AND SIMILAR MATTERS AFTER THEY HAVE BEEN SOILED IN CLEANING MACHINERY OR OTHERWISE
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Felix Lievin Bauwens at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th April 1866.
I, FELIX LIEVIN BAUWENS, of Walworth House, Westmoreland Road,
Walworth, in the County of Surrey, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR RECOVERING COTTON WASTE
AND SIMILAR MATTERS AFTER THEY HAVE BEEN SOILED IN CLEANING MACHINERY OR
OTHERWISE," to be as follows:-
My process consists in soaking or dipping dirty cotton waste after it has
been employed for railway and other purposes, also other fibrous materials used
in the same way or otherwise soiled by greasy matters, in a further quantity
of oil or oily or fatty matter or a dissolvent material capable of dissolving the
dirty greasy matter, and of being afterwards separated from the cotton waste
or fibrous matter, as hereafter described.
I take, for instance, one hundredweight of dirty cotton waste or other fibrous
material, and add thereto about 25 per cent. of oily or fatty matter or other
dissolvent, such as paraffin or turpentine oil in a warm or hot state, and when
well mixed by stirring I place the whole in a vessel with boiling water and
stir it till it is thoroughly soaked. I then place it when still hot in the box
of a screw press in about the same way as for tallow graves, and I press a
great portion of the water and oily matter out of the material, or I press the
material in any other convenient manner. I then submit the pressed material
to a weak bath of caustic soda lye warmed to about boiling point, or I pour hot

page_text: lye over the material, and thereby remove from the material the remainder
of the fatty matters, leaving the material so free that an ordinary washing
in warm water with a little soda or lye will carry off all the foreign matters.
After this operation I wring the stuff and dry it; when well dry I beat the
material so as to remove the sand grits or other foreign matters from it, and
it is then fit to be used again for railway or other purposes. Further, lye
baths, and even acid and chlorine baths, may be given to the material, if
required to be whiter for making paper. If the material is to be employed for
paper-making the beating operation may be dispensed with.
IMPROVED MEANS OR APPARATUS POR LIFTING AND LOWERING WEIGHTS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Constantine Fawcett and
Henry Wilson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 2nd January 1866.
We, THOMAS CONSTANTINE FAWCETT and HENRY WILSON, both of Leeds, in
the County of York, Tool and Machine Makers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS OR APPARATUS POR LIFTING
AND LOWERING WEIGHTS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention has for its primary object the facilitating of raising and
lowering the materials used in the erection of public building, and its most
important feature consists in the manner in which it can be adapted to the
varying heights of the structure to which it is applied. To a suitable frame-
work (fitted with rollers or wheels to run on a tramway) we bolt four
columns at opposite corners. The columns are recessed in order that
cylinders or pillars may be placed within them. The upper ends of the
cylinders or pillars are secured to a "top plate" upon which two jibs rest,
each having a separate axis and free to rotate as much as may be requisite
by means of "runners." The axes are made hollow in order that ropes may
pass through on to the receiving drums, which are placed beneath and within
the columns (by preference), being actuated by suitable gearing. As the
structure to which the apparatus is applied increases in height, additional

page_text: pillars are secured to those already in position, and by means of racks cast
upon the inner sides of the pillar and worms geared into the same (actuated
by suitable gearing) the top plate before spoken of together with the jibs is
raised.
Another feature of our arrangement consists in the use of clips fastened
to the under side of the foundation plate and binding upon the rails, the
object of the same being to steady the whole apparatus when considerably
elevated.
By means of the above-named arrangement weights can be readily lowered
and lifted at the same time, and the height of the crane adjusted to suit the
requirements of the case.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL CHAINS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Walter Dyson, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th October 1866.
I, GEORGE WALTER DYSON, of Tinsley, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF METAL CHAINS," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to manufacture steel and other metal chains
without welding in the ordinary manner, and my improvement consists in
casting or in casting and rolling or forging links or rings of the chains
together. For this purpose I place in a mould finished links or rings, that
is to say, links or rings previously cast or formed separately, and I then cast,
or cast and roll, or forge other links or rings through the openings of the
finished links or rings, whereby a chain is produced.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING FIBRE SUITABLE FOR SPINNING AND OTHER USES BY THE USE OF A PLANT NOT HITHERTO EMPLOYED FOR THIS PURPOSE
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Sutherland and Horatio
Sutherland at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 12th January 1866.-A communication from abroad by
Signor Joseph Vanzina (d'Etienne), residing at Lesa, Lago Maggiore,
in the Kingdom of Italy.
We, EDWARD SUTHERLAND, Capto., of No. 22, Wilson Street, Stepney, and
HORATIO SUTHERLAND, of No. 88, Cotton Street, Limehouse, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING FIBRE
SUITABLE FOR SPINNING AND OTHER USES BY THE USE OF A PLANT NOT HITHERTO
EMPLOYED FOR THIS PURPOSE," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in obtaining fibre suitable
for spinning and other uses by the use of a plant not hitherto employed for
this purpose. The said plant is known as the dwarf palm, and its botanical
name is chamaerops humilis; it abounds in Italy and elsewhere. The leaves
are the part of the plant from which the fibre is obtained, and this may
conveniently be done by passing the leaves between crushing or breaking
down rollers and then heckling or combing the fibre.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRING MATTRESSES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henri Adrien Bonneville at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th April 1866.-A communication from abroad by Etienne Arnould,
residing at Place Napoléon, Lyons, in the Empire of France.
I, HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices,
24, Rue du Mont Thabor, Paris, in the Empire of France, and 38, Porchester
Terrace, Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRING
MATTRESSES," communicated by Etienne Arnould, a person residing at Place
Napoléon, Lyons, in the Empire of France, aforesaid, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved construction of spring mattress,
offering the advantages of cheapness and simplicity combined with elegance
and strength. It consists of a metal framework of convenient form and
dimensions, on which is adapted an apron or sheet of metallic cloth or net-
work, kept in a state of tension by any suitable means, and reposing on a
number of conical springs similar to those in ordinary use. The said springs
are supported by and attached to transversal bars of angle iron forming part
of the metal framework.
AN IMPROVEMENT ON SLEDGES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Albrecht de Neviers at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th December
1866.
I, ALBRECHT DE NEVIERS, at Temple House, Church Street, Chelsea, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVEMENT ON SLEDGES," to be as follows:-
I construct a sledge of any form, shape, or dimension adapted for and
capable of conveying persons or other objects and subjects, especially for
amusements. This sledge may be ornamented internaly and externaly with
draperies and designs suited to taste or particular representation. The sledge
is provided with and to be moved on wheels to be enabled to go easy on
other surfaces as well as on ice or snow. The wheels may be of an uncertain
number as, two, three, four, or more fixed underneath or on either sides, and
this wheels may be constructed of any size and of any substance, such as
wood, leather, india-ruber, or of any metal.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF SUBSTANCES AND MATERIALS FOR POLISHING METALLIC AND OTHER SURFACES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Hindes Smith at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th March
1866.
I, GEORGE HINDES SMITH, of St. Paul's Churchyard, in the City of London,
Warehouseman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF SUBSTANCES
AND MATERIALS FOR POLISHING METALLIC AND OTHER SURFACES, to be as
follows:-
'This Invention relates to the application of the titaniferous iron ore which
is found in large quantities in the condition of fine sand at Taranaki, near the
Port of New Plymouth, in New Zealand, and also in other places, to the
purposes of polisbing metallic and other surfaces. For these purposes the
titaniferous iron sand is attached to paper, cloth, leather, or any other suitable
material or substance by means of glue, gum, or any adhesive substance or
substances calculated to retain the iron sand in the state of a thin layer thereon.
The iron sand is thus rendered applicable to the purposes of polishing in the same
manner as emery, glass, or sand paper or cloth, but with much superior
results.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WEIGHING MACHINES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Pierre François Michaud at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st September 1866.
I, PIERRE FRANÇOIS MICHAUD, of St. Julien des Landes, Vendée, in the
Empire of France, at present residing in Nelson Square, Blackfriars, in the
County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WEIGHING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in weighing machines. I
employ a bent beam or lever with a scale pan at one end and a weight at the
other, and the weight being much heavier than the scale pan remains nearly
vertically under the axis, whilst the arm of the beam which carries the pan is
horizontal or nearly so; any weight then which is placed in the scale pan
depresses it and displaces to a corresponding extent the weight at the other
end of the beam, and the amount of this displacement is the measure of the
weight. So far the arrangement is not novel, but according to my Invention
I connect with it a dial, graduated with divisions representing pounds and
ounces, or graduated to any other scale according to the size of the instru-
ment or the purpose for which it is required. On the dial is an index
mounted on an axis, and there is a pinion on this axis gearing with a toothed
are formed at one end of a bell-cranked lever, the other end of which bears
against a stud or small roller on the weighted beam, so that the movement of
the beam is communicated to the bell-crank lever. It is preferred that the
arm of the bell-crank lever should be curved, so that it and the index it drives

page_text: may move over angular spaces proportional to the weight placed in the scale
pan.
Each weighing apparatus may be furnished with two or more weights,
so that the weight on the beam may be changed from time to time, and I so
proportion these weights that the same dial which with one weight will
indicate, say, ounces, will with the other weight indicate pounds, or other units
of weight may be selected; suitable provision is made for securing the weights
to the beam in their proper positions.
AN IMPROVED BUCKLE
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Baldwin Fulford Weatherdon at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th August 1866.-A communication from abroad by Charles Nivert, of
Rue Croix des Petits Champs, Paris, in the Empire of France.
1, BALDWIN FULFORD WEATHERDON, of 77, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED BUCKLE," (a communication from
abroad, by Charles Nivert, of Rue Croix des Petits Champs, Paris, in the
Empire of France,) to be as follows (that is to say):-
The Invention has reference to an improved buckle for enabling bands or
other articles of clothing to be attached thereto without slipping or twisting
on one side, as at present, and consists in perforating or slotting out the
shank or outer bar of the buckle (to which the band or fabric is secured) in
the form of eyelet holes or otherwise so as to allow of the said band or fabric
being sewn or affixed (to the shank or outer bar of the buckle aforesaid)
through the medium of stud fastenings passing through the said perforations
or slots, by which means the band is immovably fixed upon the bar or shank
of the buckle, and thereby doubly secured and prevented from slipping or being.
disarranged when in use.
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FLOCKS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Greenwood at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th August
1866.
I, WILLIAM GREENWOOD, of Heights Mill, Owl Lane, in the Township of
Ossett, in the West Riding of the County of York, Extractor and Flock
Dealer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FLOCKS," to be as follows:-
In carrying out my improvements I take woollen refuse waste and put it
into large cisterns heated by steam or otherwise, and when thoroughly hot it
is taken out, put into small bags and subjected to great pressure in order to
express theoil thero from; this waste is then taken whilst still hot and well
shaken in order to shake out the heavier parts of the dirt intermixed there-
with, for this purpose a machine called a "willey" answers well, if found
desirable it may be again shaken to remove any remaining dirt, for this
purpose
it may be placed upon a " riddle" and shaken about with sticks or by any other
means to remove therefrom such remaining portion of the dirt not removed
by the previous shaking. The waste is then put into a machine such as
ordinarily used for grinding or converting cotton rags into pulp for paper
making by which it is finely ground; it is then removed and the water
drained or expressed from it and dried, this drying may be effected by placing
the matters upon perforated iron plates heated by flues running under them

page_text: fired with coke or other suitable fuel. When dry the flocks are passed
through a machine such as that commonly used for the purpose of grinding
woollen rags, or through other suitable machine, in order to grind them
sufficiently fine for the purpose of short woollen flocks or imitation cutters
flocks.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING GAUZES AND OTHER FANCY GooDs
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
September 1866.-A communication from abroad by Louis Joseph Gras,
Charles Isaac Dumontier, and Léon Gras, senior, all of 15, Passage des
Petites Ecuries, Paris, France.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of the Firm of John Gedge and Son, of
No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING GAUZES AND OTHER FANCY GooDs," (a communication to
me from abroad by Louis Joseph Gras, Charles Isaac Dumontier, and Léon
Gras, senior, all of 15, Passage des Petites Ecuries, Paris, France,) to be as
follows:-
The loom hitherto used for weaving gauzes and other fancy goods consisted
of coats or "lames," treadles, and coat staves in unlimited number, and other
superfluous and fatiguing accessaries.
By means of the box herein-after described all the treadles hitherto
indispensable are no longer needed in the manufacture of the above-
mentioned woven fabrics, a single treadle sufficing to set the entire arrange-
ment at work; to this treadle is fixed a draw cord, which moves a balance
beam traversing the square of a box enclosing its mechanism and containing
9 elastics corresponding with as many hooks lowering and rising at the

page_text: will of the weaver, and producing similar effects on each coat or "lame"
formerly set in play by each of the treadles of the old method for the crossing
of woven fabrics, which may be modified and obtained in various ways. To
cylinders also contained in the square of the box are fitted by screws both
above and below wooden pieces serving to push back the hooks which are not
to work. A hammer held by a spring causes the cylinder to make a quarter
of a turn in falling after having been lifted by the play of the balance on one
of its quadrangular faces. The hooks and springs, as well as the hammers,
work in such a way that when the upper ones are in movement the others are
in repose, and vice versa.
This system, which is of the simplest, does not fatigue the workman, and
may also be moved by steam, because it is sufficient to touch a single point at
a given time and at regulated intervals in order to set the entire arrangement
at work.