IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR RAISING OR FORCING WATER, AIR, OR OTHER LIQUIDS OR FLUIDS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Russell Gubbins, of Upper Thames Street, in the
City of London, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS
FOR RAISING OR FORCING WATER, AIR, OR OTHER LIQUIDS OR FLUIDS.”
Sealed the 13th November 1877, and dated the 18th May 1877
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Russell Gubbins
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th May 1877.
RICHARD RUSSELL GUBBINS, of Upper Thames Street, in the City of London,
Civil Engineer. "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR RAISING OR FORCING WATER, AIR,
OR OTHER LIQUIDS OR FLUIDS."
My improved apparatus for raising or forcing water, air, or other liquids or fluids
consists mainly in the combination with a rotary fan of a rotary conical hollow stop
or abutment, these two parts being so arranged within an outer casing that while
one of the blades of the fan is drawing air or water into the casing, the other, after
expelling the fluid which is before it, is inade to enter an opening provided for the
purpose in the hollow conical abutment. This second blade then passes out of the
hollow abutment and draws in, and forces forward, another portion of the water
or air that is being acted upon.
The fan is provided with two blades, which act in succession as pistons as their
shaft rotates, and carries them round the hollow conical abutment or stop, being
also made to rotate synchroneously with them, so that the opening therein is always
presented in proper time to allow the blade in succession to pass into and leave
the hollow abutment or stop.
The casing which encloses the working parts is made of a peculiar shape. The
two sides are in the form of two truncated cones, the theoretical apices of which
terminate at the same point, and are coincident with the apex of the hollow rotary
abutment, which is in the form of a third, but inverted cone, the truncated end of
which rests on the section of a sphere keyed on to the centre of the fau shaft. The
Pin 1

page_text: fan blades, which are in the form of truncated V's, are fixed in this section of a
sphere, and are made to fit the internal capacity of the casing with tolerable
accuracy, but should not rub or grind against the sides of the casing so as to create
too much friction.
The periphery of the casing or cylinder forms a portion of a sphere, and the upper
end of the rotary conical abutment is made to fit the same, so as to form a proper
stop for the liquid even when the abutment is in rotation. The sides of this conical
abutment are fitted to work in curved seats made in the upper part of the casing,
and provided with Babbit's metal, or other analogous metal, so as to form a close
fitting joint without undue friction.
The water or air to be operated upon is admitted through a suitable opening
made in one side of the periphery of the casing, and when drawn into the casing by
one blade of the fan, it will be expelled by the advance of the other blade and driven
out of an opening at the other side of the periphery of the casing.
The fan shaft and the rotary conical abutment are geared together, so that their
motions are perfectly synchronous.
This apparatus may be used either as a suction pump or force pump, or as a
pressure blower, or as an exhauster for pumping or exhausting air or gases.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Richard Russell Gubbins in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th
November 1877.
RICHARD RUSSELL GUBBINS, of Upper Thames Street, in the City of London,
Civil Engineer. "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR RAISING OR FORCING WATER, AIR,
OR OTHER LIQUIDS OR FLUIDS."
.י.
My improved apparatus for raising or forcing water, air, or other liquids or fluids
consists mainly in the combination with a rotary fan of a rotary conical hollow stop
or abutment, these two parts being so arranged within an outer casing, that while
one of the blades of the fan is drawing air or water into the casing, the other (after
.expelling the fluid which is before it), is made to enter an opening provided for the
purpose in the hollow conical abutment. This second blade then passes out of the
hollow abutinent, draws in and forces forward another portion of the water or air
that is being acted upon.
The fan is provided with two blades, which act in succession as pistons as their
shaft rotates and carries them round. The hollow conical abutment or stop is also
made to rotate synchronously with the fan, so that the opening in the hollow conical
abutment is always presented in proper time to allow the blades of the fan to pass
in succession into and leave the hollow abutment or stop.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 is a side elevation of my improved apparatus
complete; Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof as seen from above; Fig. 3 is an end
elevation; Fig 4 is an internal side elevation, one half of the outer casing having
been removed in order that the internal working parts may be more clearly seen;
Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical section of the apparatus taken in the line 1, 2, of
Figures 1 and 2.

page_text: The casing a, a, a, which encloses the working parts is made of a peculiar shape.
It's two sides a, a', Fig. 5, are in the form of two truncated cones, the theoretical
apices of which terminate at the same point, and are coincident with the apex of the
hollow rotary abutment b, which is in the form of a third but inverted cone, the
truncated end of which rests on a section of a sphere c keyed on to the centre of the
fan shaft d. The fau blades e, e', which are in the form of truncated V's, are fixed
in this section of a sphere c, and are made to fit the internal capacity of the
casing a, a, with tolerable accuracy, but should not rub or grind against the sides
of the casing so as to create too much friction.
The periphery of the casing or cylinder a, a, forms a portion of a sphere, and the
upper end of the rotary conical abutment b is made to fit the saine, so as to form a
proper stop for the liquid even when the abutment is in rotation. The sides of this
conical abutment bare fitted to work in curved seats a, a, Figures 1, 3, and 5,
made in the upper part of the casing a, and provided with Babbitt's metal, or other
analogous metal, so as to form a close-fitting joint without undue friction.
The water or air to be operated upon is admitted through a suitable opening f
made in one side of the periphery of the casing, and wlien drawn into the casing by
one blade of the fan it will be expelled by the advance of the other blade, and
driven out of an opening at the other side of the periphery of the casing.
The fan shaft d' and the rotary conical abutment bare geared together, so that
their motions are perfectly synchronous. To this end the hollow conical abutment b
is provided with a spindle b₁, Fig. 5, supported in a bearing in the cross head a* of
the casing. On this spindle b' is keyed a bevil pinion which gears into a similar
wheel (but double the number of teeth) mounted on the fan shaft d, on which is
also mounted the pulley j, whereby the working parts are actuated by means of a
band driven by any prime mover.
It will be seen on referring to Figures 4 and 5 that in the side of the rotating
hollow conical abutment b is made a large conical opening b" for the purpose of
allowing the blades to pass into and out of the hollow abutment.
The operation of the several working parts is as follows:-Upon motion being
communicated to the fan shaft d by means of a band passed round the pulley j, the
fan blades e, e¹, will be carried round in the casing in the direction of the arrows in
Fig. 4. At the same time the hollow conical abutment will, by means of the bevil
gearing i, k, be carried round in the direction of the arrow marked thereon in Fig. 4,
and by so doing will bring the opening b* into the position required to allow the
blade e of the fan to pass out of the abutment and draw in air or water through
the pipef. The other blade e will at the same time have driven before it the air or
water that was drawn in by the previous stroke of the other blade, and will expel
In the meantime the
the same through the pipe h, as indicated by the arrow.
opening of the hollow conical abutment will have come round to the opposito
side of the apparatus and be brought into a position to admit of the blade e to enter
and pass through and out of the abutment on the opposite side, precisely as the
blade e' has just done..
From the above description it will be understood that for every rotation of the
fan shaft the hollow conical abutment will make two revolutions, so as to bring
the opening therein into the proper positions to allow the blades e and e¹
alternately to enter, pass through, and leave the abutment while the latter is in
motion.
It will also be evident from the foregoing explanation of the construction, arrange-
ment, and operation of the working parts, that my improved apparatus for raising
or forcing water, air, or other liquids or fluids may be used either as a suction pump
or force pump, or as a pressure blower, or as an exhauster for pumping or exhausting
air or gases.
Having now described ny Invention, and having explained the manner of
carrying the saine into effect, I claim as the Invention secured to mo by Letters
Patent as aforesaid, the combination of the hollow conical stop or abutment b, with the

page_text: rotary fan blades c, e¹, or their equivalents, and the casing a, a, a², as and for the
purposes herein set forth.
In witness whercof, I, the said Richard Russell Gubbins, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Sixteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
RICHARD RUSSELL GUBBINS. (L.S.)