Improvements in Pulley Blocks and like Lifting Machines or Appliances.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Dec., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 10th Sept., 1895-Accepted, 12th Oct., 1895
Improvements in Pulley Blocks and like Lifting Machines
or Appliances.
We, ALLDAYS AND ONIONS PNEUMATIC ENGINEERING COMPANY LIMITED,
of Great Western Works, Small Heath, Engineers and Manufacturers, FREDERICK
LIGHTBOURNE, of 49 Long Street, Sparkbrook, Engineer, and CHARLES GIBSON,
of 39 Grange Road, Small Heath, Engineer, all in the County of Warwick, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in pulley blocks and like lifting machines
or appliances, our object being to so construct and arrange such machines from few
and simple parts, that while readily sustaining the load on the release of the lifting
force, they shall be more convenient and efficient than the like machines of ordinary
construction.
In carrying our invention into effect in the construction of a pulley block we
form the framing of the block in the one casting from steel or other metal, or from
wrought iron or steel side plates connected together by the crosspiece and by
bearing pins in the usual manner. The block is suspended by a hook or shackle
having a swivel connection with the crosspiece. The endless lifting chain passes
around a bottom or return block which it suspends with the attached load from the
pair of independent toothed or pitched chain wheels mounted upon the lower
bearing pin of the main block. These toothed or pitched chain, wheels are
preferably of equal diameters and are each formed with or attached to a spur
wheel, mounted upon the same pin, the two spur wheels being of unequal diameters.
Above the lower bearing pin we fix a like pin or a spindle which is free to revolve
in the side plates for carrying two unequal diameter pinions gearing into the spur
wheels bereinbefore described, and on the outer end of the same pinion we key or
secure a hand chain wheel from which is suspended the hand chain for application
of the lifting force.
The lifting chain is so mounted upon the chain wheel that as the motion of one
wheel draws up one portion of the chain between the main and the falling block,
the other wheel lowers another portion of the same endless chain, and thus if each
wheel moved at the same rate no motion of the load could be produced. The
necessary differential motion of the chain wheels is effected by means of the
unequal spur wheels and pinions herein before described, which transmit the lifting
force applied to the hand chain wheel. In pulling the hand chain in one direction
one portion of the lifting chain between the main and the falling block is drawn up by
the quickly moving wheel, while another portion is lowered by the slowly moving.
wheel, with the result that the load is raised. In like manner when the hand
chain is pulled in the opposite direction one portion of the lifting chain wheel
between the main and the falling block is lowered by the quickly moving wheel,
while another portion is drawn up by the slowly moving wheel, thus effecting the
descent of the bottom block with the load suspended therefrom.
We vary the purchase or the mechanical advantage of the block to suit the
maximum load to be raised, by variation of the difference in the diameters of the
spur wheels. When constructing a block for raising very heavy loads, we employ
additional gearing for the purpose of increasing the purchase or the mechanical
advantage of the machine.

page_text: On the release of the lifting force from the hand chain the bottom block with
the load that may be attached thereto is automatically sustained by the internal
friction of the appliance, and the load is thus safely suspended in any position.
In the construction of a crane, hoist, or other lifting machine or appliance, we
make modifications to suit the requirements of particular services, but such appli-
cations of our invention differ in no essential particular to its application in the
construction of a pulley block as hereinbefore described.
Dated this 8th day of December 1894.
MARKS & CLERK,
18 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13 Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicants.
Improvements in Pulley Blocks and like Lifting Machines
or Appliances.
We, ALLDAYS AND ONIONS PNEUMATIC ENGINEERING COMPANY LIMITED,
of Great Western Works, Small Heath, Engineers and Manufacturers, FREDERICK
LIGHTBOURNE, of 49 Long Street, Sparkbrook, Engineer, and CHARLES GIBSON,
of 39 Grange Road, Small Heath, Engineer, all in the County of Warwick do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in pulley blocks and like lifting machines
or appliances, our object being to so construct and arrange such machines from
few and simple parts, that while readily sustaining the load on the release of the
lifting force, they shall be more convenient and efficient than the like machines
of ordinary construction.
In the accompanying sheet of explanatory drawings Figure 1 is a front elevation
and Figure 2 a side elevation of our improved pulley block.
Figure 3 is a diagrammatic view showing the arrangement of the chains.
In carrying our invention into effect in the construction of a pulley block we
form the framing A of the block in the one casting from steel or other metal, or
from wrought iron or steel side plates A A¹ connected together by the crosspiece B
and by bearing pins C C¹ in the usual manner. The block is suspended by a hook
or shackle D having a swivel connection with the crosspiece B.
The endless lifting chain O O¹ passes around a bottom or return block F which
it suspends with the attached load from the pair of independent toothed or pitched
chain wheels G H mounted upon the lower bearing pin C of the main block.
These toothed or pitched chain wheels G H are preferably of equal diameters and
are each formed with or attached to a spur wheel G'H', mounted upon the same
pin C, the two spur wheels being of unequal diameter. Above the lower bearing
pin we fix a like pin or a spindle C which is free to revolve in the side plates A
and A for carrying two unequal diameter pinions K L gearing into the
spur wheel G and H, herein before described, and on the outer end of the same
pinion we key or secure a hand chain wheel M from which is suspended the
band chain N, for application of the lifting force.
The lifting chain O is so mounted upon the chain wheels that as the motion of one
wheel draws up one portion of the chain between the main and the falling block,
the other wheel lowers another portion of the same endless chain and thus if each
wheel be moved at the same rate no motion of the load could be produced. The
necessary differential motion of the chain wheel. G H is effected by means of the
unequal spur wheels and pinions herein before described, which transmit the lifting
force applied to the band chain wheel. in pulling the haud chain in one direction.

page_text: In like
one portion O' of the lifting chain between the main and the falling block is drawn
up by the quickly moving wheel G, while another portion O is lowered by the
slowly moving wheel H, with the result that the load at F is raised.
manner when the hand chain N is pulled in the opposite direction one portion of
the lifting chain wheel between the main and the falling block is lowered by the
quickly moving wheel G, while another portion is drawn up by the slowly moving
wheel H, thus effecting the descent of the bottom block with the load suspended
therefrom.
We vary the purchase or the mechanical advantage of the block to suit the
maximum load to be raised, by variation of the difference in the diameters of the
spur wheels.
When constructing a block for raising very heavy loads, we employ
additional gearing for the purpose of increasing the purchase or the mechanical
advantage of the machine.
On the release of the lifting force from the hand chain the bottom block with
the load that may be attached thereto is automatically sustained by the internal
friction of the appliance, and the load is thus safely suspended in any position.
In the construction of a crane, hoist, or other lifting machine or appliance, we
make modifications to suit the requirements of particular services, but such
applications of our invention differ in no essential particular to its application in
the construction of a pulley block as hereinbefore described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. The improvements in pulley blocks and lifting machines substantially as and
for the purposes herein before described, and as illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
2. In a pulley block the arrangement of a pair of chain wheels each capable of
revolving at different speeds independently upon a common spindle carried between
the side frames or bearing of the block substantially as and for the purposes
hereinbefore described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 9th day of September 1895.
MARKS & CLERK,
18 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13 Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicants.