Improvements in Photographic Apparatus.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Mar., 1891
Complete Specification Left; 5th Jan.; 1892-Accepted, 20th Feb., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Photographic Apparatus. . .
I JOHN NAYLOR of The Laurels, Nightingale Road, Harlesden in the County.
of Middlesex Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
و,
"
The object of my invention is to improve the well known roller slides in use in
photographic apparatus and particularly those known as the "Eastman roller
slide. In these slides as now in use the perforations for the purpose of indicating
the point or points at which the film should be divided after each exposure are
indefinite, that is to say, they do not actually indicate the exact line on which the
film should be divided by crossing the same vertically and there is danger of
mistaking the points by reasons of there being four or more perforations at the top,
and bottom edges of each section of the film (i.e. each exposure); moreover there
is no means of registering the number of exposures or of indicating if the last
exposure has been wound off.
Now by my invention I perforate the film on each exposure vertically or across
the same in the line of division and at the necessary point only.
I further auto-
matically register by the winding of the film on the roller the number of
exposures made and further indicate if the last film exposed has been wound.
off or not.
. 1
. %
In carrying out my invention I take an ordinary "Eastman" roller slide frame
and cut a slot in the measuring roller extending a little beyond the centre and the
whole length of the roller, and at each end of the roller I attach a hollow metal cap
one of which terminates in a short hollow shoulder forming a bearing engaging with
the pin on which the roller usually revolves. To the other cap is fixed a small
wheel which gears with a second wheel as in the "Eastman" apparatus." In
the slot formed in the roller I fix a thin metal bar or strip carrying points or teeth
which is caused to rise from the slot 'in the roller and perforate the film on each
withdrawal or replacement of the shutter. The bar or strip is enclosed between
two other thin strips of metal forming a case and carrying inclined planes up which
the centre picce carrying the points or pins rides on being actuated.
:
The slide shutter carries on the outer side a catch engaging with a spring slide
which pushed by the hand or finger releases the shutter and at the same
time actuates a spindle attached to the strip or bar carrying the points which"
make the perforations.
J
To register the number of exposures I fix on to the frame of the slide and
conveniently near to the end of the roller a toothed wheel indicating units carrying
a pin gearing into a smaller toothed wheel indicating tens. On the spindle of
the wheel already described as the second wheel I attach outside the frame a collar
having a projection which engages with the teeth of the unit registering wheel so
that after each exposure the unit registering wheel is turned one point. The
collar has an indent in which engages the tooth attached to a lever spring which
prevents overwinding and produces an audible "click" when the exposed section-
of film has been wound off. This point or tooth on the lever spring is released from
the indent in the collar by actuating the before-mentioned releasing catch on

page_text: the shutter and shows at a glance whether the film has been exposed and is ready
for winding up or not.
The bearings of the two registering wheels are so arranged that they may be put
in and out of gear with each other for the purpose of re-setting.
Dated this 4th day of March 1891.
POPPLEWELL & Co.,
17 & 18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Photographic Apparatus.
I JOHN NAYLOR of The Laurels, Nightingale Road, Harlesden in the County
of Middlesex Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner it is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
"
The object of my invention is to improve the well known "roller slides" and
particularly that known as the "Eastman" roller slide. In these slides the films
are perforated at each exposure in such a manner that the exact line along which
the film should afterwards be cut, that is, the dividing line between each" exposure
is not clearly indicated and mistakes may be made by reason of there being several
perforations on the top and corresponding perforations on the bottom edge of each
section of the film (i.e. each exposure) and no actual line of perforations across the
film shewing clearly where it should be divided.
Now by my invention I perforate the film at each exposure vertically or across
the same in the exact line only on which it will be necessary to divide it. By my
apparatus I also automatically register the number of exposures made, by the
winding of the film on the roller likewise indicating whether the last " exposure
has been wound off.
"
Referring to the accompanying sheet of drawings and to the figures and letters
of reference marked thereon I will proceed to further describe my invention and
on such drawing.
Figure 1. is a plan of one end of an " Eastman" or like roller slide frame
shewing the measuring roller over which the film passes before exposure the dark
slide frame being removed.
Figure 2. is an end view of the same but with the dark slide in position.
Figure 3. is a plan of that portion of outside of slide frame, looking downwards,
which corresponds with Figure 1.
Figure 4. is a plan of the reverse or inside of top of frame shewing sections of
winding off and piercing rollers.
Figure 5. is a detail view of the bar carrying the piercing points.
Figure 6 is a view of one side plate and the centre plate of sliding device for
actuating (and containing) the bar shewn by Figure 5.
Figure 7. is a longitudinal section of roller carrying the piercing device and
shewing the points projected for the purpose of piercing the film.
Figure 8. is an enlarged section of roller through -y Figure 7.
Figure 9. is a view of part of the interior of slide frame with dark slide in position
shewing device for releasing same.
In each of the figures the outer lid or casing of the roller slide is removed for the
purpose of shewing interior.
I take an ordinary Eastman or other roller slide frame and cut a slot or groove
running the whole length of the measuring roller A. (as shewn in enlarged section
Figure 8.) and in depth a little below the centre thereof.
At one end of the roller I attach a hollow metal cap B, and at the other end a
similar cap B' but terminating in a short hollow shoulder C forming a bearing
engaging with the pin D on which the roller revolves. To the cap B is fixed a

page_text: small toothed wheel E gearing into wheel F. connected with indicating mechanism
the wheel E having say 10 teeth and the wheel F. say 40 teeth so that four
revolutions of measuring roller A. which are necessary for winding off each section
of the film or each "exposure cause one revolution of wheel F the spindle of
which passes through the top of the frame and carries the disc H on which is the
indicating and registering tooth J engaging with and actuating the registering
wheel K. and train wheel K' if required.
Within the longitudinal slot or groove in roller AI place my device for
piercing the film which said device is constructed as follows." I take two strips of
thin metal of equal size and shape such as L. L Figures 67 and 8. and of sufficient
length to extend almost throughout the groove or slot but leaving space to allow of
their being moved longitudinally. Between these plates L. L and at the bottom
thereof I secure a third plate of less depth or heighth M and formed so as to
present a series of short inclined planes M¹ and at convenient points above this I
further connect the two plates L. L by pins N. N. on which rides a slotted plate O
shown in detail in Fig. 5 carrying on its upper edge the piercing points P. P. P.
and having on its lower edge inclined indents O' arranged to slide on the inclines M'
on the plate M. The casing or device thus constructed slides under and is kept in
position by the caps B and B' and terminates at one end in a short spindle and
button R which forms also the centre spindle on which the roller A revolves.
It will be seen that on the spindle being pulled out by the action of releasing the
dark slide as will be hereafter described and as shewn by Figure 7. the plate O
rises to the top of the groove in the roller A and the points carried by it are
projected and pierce the film.
At one end of the slide frame I arrange a slotted plate Q Figures 1. 2. 9 sliding
up and down upon and kept in position by screws or pins on this plate is
mounted a catch or releasing device S engaging with a projections on the end of
the dark slide. The slotted plate Q is turned over the top at right angles as
shewn by T and in the short arm thus formed is a perforation through which the
spindle is passed before the button head R is secured to it.
It will be seen that on the catch plate Q being pushed upwards by thumbpiece q
the short arm J is projected from its seat carrying with it the button head R and
spindle thus actuating the piercing device before mentioned.
The short arm T with spindle attached is kept normally in position, and returned
thereto after the plate Q is released, by means of a flat spring plate U.
Normally parallel with spring-plate UI pivot a second plate V having at its
opposite end a bent foot W forming an inclined plane and resting upon plate U
also on opposite side is a slotted projection X working on pin and terminating
in a toothed projecting Y forming a stop to the indicating device, disc H. and
tooth J, so preventing the overwinding of the film.
In place of the plates with inclined planes I may use an arrangement of eccentric
cams carried on a rod or spindle worked by a lever and so projecting a plate
carrying piercing points or, various other equivalent means may be devised for pro-
jecting such piercing points from a grooved or slotted roller on the winding off of
each section of film or r
exposure."
I am aware of the Specification of Letters Patent No. 12,972 of 1885 granted
to A. J. Boult, and I do not claim anything described and claimed therein.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and the manner in which it is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
32
1. In photographic apparatus in which "Eastman or other films or continuous
sensitive flexible surfaces are used, the piercing or marking of the division lines
between each section or so-called exposure by means of points, teeth or the like
projected from the measuring (or other) roller substantially as hereinbefore
described and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
2. In apparatus for piercing photographic films or the like used in the well

page_text: known Eastman roller slide (or in like apparatus) the use of a grooved or slotted
roller such as A. containing a piercing device constructed as herein before described
and as illustrated by Figures 5. 6. 7 of the accompanying drawings or any mere
mechanical equivalent therefor.
3. In photographic apparatus using continuous sensitive surfaces the mechanism
for marking divisions between each section or "exposure" and registering the same
substantially as herein before described and as illustrated by the accompanying
sheet of drawings.
Dated this 5th day of January 1802
POPPLEWELL & Co.,
17 & 18, Southampton Buildings, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.