IMPROVEMENTS IN MA- CHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING, SCOURING, CLEANSING, OR STEAMING WOVEN FABRICS, EITHER IN THE PIECE OR GARMENT; ALSO FELTS OR FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, AND CORN, ROOTS, SEEDS, OR SIMILAR MATTERS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Butler Clough, of Tyddyn, in the
County of Flint, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MA-
CHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING, SCOURING, CLEANSING, OR
STEAMING WOVEN FABRICS, EITHER IN THE PIECE OR GARMENT; ALSO
FELTS OR FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, AND CORN, ROOTS, SEEDS, OR SIMILAR
MATTERS."
Sealed the 27th January 1854, and dated the 4th August 1853..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by. the said Charles Butler
Clough at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 4th August 1858.
1, CHARLES BUTLER CLOUGH, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
WASHING, SCOURING, CLEANING, OR STEAMING WOVEN FABRICS, EITHER IN
THE PIECE OR GARMENT; ALSO FELTS OR FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, AND CORN,
ROOTS, SEEDS, OR SIMILAR MATTERS," to be as follows:-
Firstly, my Invention relates to an apparatus formed or constructed
so that the goods to be cleaned shall be put in a barrel or vessel
revolving on its axes, either by hand or power, with a. loose roller or
rollers inside, into which is efected steam or hot water, the revolu-
tions of the vessel causing the steam or hot water in conjunction with
the rollers to act upon the goods or materials to be cleaned.
Secondly, to another method of effecting the same purpose by
means of a plunger acting upon the goods in the vessel. In the

page_text: accompanying outline Drawings the two Figures represent the two
methods alluded to. a, represents the barrel or vessel; b, the rollers;
e, the steam pipe; d, a stuffing box; e, an inner cylinder or plunger,.
with a perforated bottom; f,a floating board to keep out the water.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
.
filed by the said Charles Butler Clough in the Great Seal Patent
Office, on the 4th February 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
CHARLES BUTLER CLOUGH, of Tyddyn, in the County of Flint, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Charles Butler Clough, Her
special licence that I, the said Charles Butler Clough, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles
Butler Clough, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Iuven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING,
SCOURING, CLEANSING, OR STEAMING WOVEN FABRICS, EITHER IN THE PIECE
OR GARMENT; ALSO FELTS AND FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, AND CORN, ROOTS,
SEEDS, OR SIMILAR MATTERS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Charles Butler Clough, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and scal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after.
the date of the said Royal Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Butler Clough,. do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner.

page_text: the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement (that is to say):
My Invention relates to an improved method or methods of cleansing
materials or substances by steam or water, and consists,-Firstly, of an
apparatus or vessel similar to a barrel or cylinder revolving on its axes,
into which is put the goods or materials to be cleansed, and steam or hot
water conducted or injected into it upon them during the revolutions of
the vessel. Secondly, of an apparatus consisting of a similar shaped vessel
revolving as aforesaid, but with the addition of a loose roller or rollers,
or a ball or balls of any convenient shape or size, or a grated or per-
forated division, either flat or circular, inside of it, so that when the
steam or water is injected into the vessel upon the goods the revolu-
lutions of the vessel will cause the steam or water, in conjunction
with the rollers or balls, to act upon the goods or materials to be
cleansed. Thirdly, of fixing the said vessel in a case, either horizon-
tally or perpendicularly, and to revolve as aforesaid; and, Fourthly, of
another kind of apparatus for effecting the same objects by means of a
plunger or plungers acting or operating upon the goods or materials in a
vessel, into which is injected steam or hot water, as before mentioned.
These my improvements will be clearly understood by reference to the
accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which the same letters of reference
are used to represent similar parts where different views or diagrams
are shewn. Fig. 1, is a side clevation of my improved apparatus,
when I use a revolving barrel or vessel with loose rollers or balls;
Fig. 2, is a section of the barrel or vessel with a perforated partition
placed longitudinally; Fig. 3, an end view of the same; Fig. 4, a
side elevation of the apparatus used as a plunger; and Figs. 5, and 6,
views of the vessel in cases, horizontally and perpendicularly. a, repre-
sents the barrel or vessel; b, the handle by which it is turned; c, the
roller or beater, any convenient number of which may be used; the
balls are not shewn, as I consider it unnecessary for this my explana-
tion. d, the frame work of the apparatus; c, the boiler from whence
the steam or hot water may be obtained; f, the pipe from the same;
and 9. the stuffing box; k, the steam pipe; 1, the vessel or receiver to
hold the goods or materials; m, the plunger; n, the roller or beater.
The vertical motion of the plunger may be obtained as shewn in the

page_text: Drawings, or in any other convenient mode of obtaining motive power.
It is quite evident that I can work any of the said machines either by
hand or power, as may be found most convenient.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of my said
Invention, and the manner of carrying the same into practical effect,
I desire it to be distinctly understood that I do not confine myself to
the exact details herein set forth, as such may be varied or modified
without departing from the principle thereof. But I claim as of my
Invention, and which to the best of my knowledge and belief has not
been hitherto used within this realm,-Firstly, the method of cleansing
goods or materials by injecting or conducting steam or hot water on
them during the revolutions of the barrel or vessel on its axes.
Secondly, the use of the said barrel or vessel with the addition of a
loose roller or rollers, or a ball or balls, or a grated or perforated
division inside of it. Thirdly, the method of fixing the said vessel in-a
case, either horizontally or perpendicularly; and, Fourthly, the method
of effecting the same objects by means of a plunger or plungers
acting on the goods or materials in a vessel in conjunction with steam
or hot water, as all the said methods are herein described and illus-
trated in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Butler Clough, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Second day of February, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
CHARLES BUTLER CLOUGH. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Charles Butler
Clough, in the presence of
HENRY LEWIS,
Clerk to Mr. Thomas Mainwaring Penson,
Architect, Chester.