An Improved Process for the Production of Iodized Albumen and Iodized Peptones.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Mar., 1898-Accepted, 23rd July,
1898
ommunicated from abroad by THE CHEMISCHE FABRIK IN HELFENBURG, Dresden,
in the Empire of Germany, Chemical Manufacturers.]
An Improved Process for the Production of Iodized Albumen and
Iodized Peptones.
I, SAMUEL SIDNEy Bromhead, of 171, Queen Victoria Street, in the City and
ounty of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
nd in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
nd ascertained in and by the following statement:-
According to this invention chemical combinations of albumen (white of eggs)
nd iodine are obtained without the aid of heat or acid. In the known process
German Patent No. 79926) the albumen, (white of egg) and iodine in form of a
olution of iodide of potassium has to be heated and the resulting chemical combi-
nation precipitated by the aid of acid, but by my improved process the albumen
can be converted direct into iodized albumen without it being required to employ
heat or to treat it with acid, while at the same time the presence of iodine cannot
afterwards be traced by any of the ordinary reagents.
(1.) The improved process for the production of iodized albumen is as follows:-
90 gr. of white of egg well ground to a fine powder and 11 gr. of sublimated
iodine, also ground as finely as possible, are gradually and intimately mixed
together, without moistening them, until the whole appears as an evenly yellow-
brown mass. This is then moistened with enough alcohol of 90% strength to form
a thick paste. The mixture is thoroughly stirred for half an hour, then, covered
and placed in the drying chamber with a temperature of 85° C. After having
thus left it for about half an hour it is spread out upon glass slabs. There it is
allowed to dry in a temperature not exceeding 35° C., and the yellow powder so
obtained is treated in the following manner:-It is washed through a strainer,
first with undiluted alcohol, then with water to which is added carbonate of
sodium and sodium thiosulphate in proportion of about 1 in 100 and finally it is
washed with distilled water until no longer a reaction is produced in the wash
water either through the influence of starch paste (amidon) or nitrate of silver.
The chemical substance so obtained is once more washed with a mixture of alcohol
and ether and then dried on glass slabs at a temperature of 35° C.
The iodine in the combinations produced by this improved process is so strongly
combined that it cannot be traced by an ordinary reagent. It is clear that by
means of a purifying treatment, the hydriodic acid and the remaining free iodine
requires to be extracted by the use of carbonate of sodium and sodium thiosulphate.
After this a reaction of the iodine is not produced by shaking up either with car-
bonate of sodium or with alkali ley, or with starch paste. The quantitative propor-
5tion of iodine in the chemical combination may be determined by melting it with
hydroxide of potassium; this being the only means for separating all the iodine.
Even the heating of it for a considerable time with alkali ley effects only a partial
separation of iodine. This is a clear proof of the exceedingly strong combination
between the agents and the result of this strong combination is due only to the
0 mode of treatment adopted in this improved process. The iodine is absorbed
during the mixing operation with the finely pulverized albumen. The finer both
raw substances are, the quicker occurs the absorbtion of the iodine and its sub

page_text: stitution in the molecules of albumen. The action of moistening with alcohol is
for the purpose, on the one hand, to cause any remaining free iodine to combine
with the albumen, and on the other hand to more intimately mix the ingredients
and to effect the speedy drying of the mixture. The iodized albumen thus pro-
duced forms a clear yellow amorphous and brittle substance which is only slightly
soluble in hot water but insoluble in cold water, and which is different from the
pure albumen both by its iodine and by being difficult to dissolve. In regard to
chemical qualities it is entirely like the ordinary white of eggs. It may be con-
verted into peptones or peptonelike bodies either by acid fermentation or by an
alkaline treatment and even by treating it only with alkali. The iodine peptones
so obtained are different from those hitherto obtained from "peptonum siccum "
and iodine. The iodized albumen produced by the above cold process contains
10% of iodine in a highly combined state.
II.
The production of iodized peptones by the cold process as a chemical preparation
in which the iodine is strongly combined is as follows:-
.
About 10 grs. of iodine are finely pulverized and to it is added, by mixing and
grinding, powdered "peptonum siccum" until the mass becomes of a thoroughly
even yellow-brownish color. It is then treated in the same manner as the albumen
by adding alcohol and finally drying in the drying chamber on glass slabs at a
temperature of 35° C. The treatment for separating the hydriodic acid. After
having dried the iodized peptone it is washed in a strainer first with alcohol then
with water to each liter of which is added 1.gr. each of carbonate of sodium and
sodium thiosulphate, these salts being afterwards washed out by means of distilled
water. The water is then finally extracted by washing with alcohol and ether
followed by the drying process in the drying chamber at the temperature of 35° C.
The chemical actions are the same as with iodized albumen but the peptones
contain no more than 6 to 7% of iodine in combination.
The iodized peptone thus prepared forms a yellowish brown powder similar to
peptone free of iodine, and possesses the same characteristics as this latter only
that it is somewhat more difficult to dissolve. It differs from the original sub-
stance only by the iodine it contains.
It is to be distinctly understood that on account of the cold process and or
avoiding heat the albumen becomes changed only so far as it is combined with
iodine. But notwithstanding the treatment with iodine the original white of egg,
whether as albumen or as peptone, remains unchanged and unaltered.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
The improved process for the production of iodine combinations with albumen,
or with peptone by a cold treatment whereby the indine becomes so strongly com-
bined that it cannot be detected or traced in the combination by ordinary iodine
reagents, and which process is characterized by the result that finely pulverized
albumen, or peptone, are intimately mixed with equally finely pulverized subli-
mated iodine and stirred with alcohol of 90%, strength into a thick paste-like mass,
which is dried at a temperature of 35° C. The powder so obtained being washed
first with undiluted alcohol, then with water containing carbonate of sodium and
sodium thiosulphate, then with distilled water and lastly with alcohol and ether
and afterwards dried at a temperature of 35° C.
Dated this 30th day of March 1898.