THE MANUFACTURE OF GELATINE, AND APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Louis Jullion and Gordon Pirie, both of
Stoneywood Works, Aberdeen, North Britain, Paper Makers, for the
Invention of "THE MANUFACTURE OF GELATINE, AND APPARATUS TO BE
EMPLOYED THEREIN."
Sealed the 6th March 1860, and dated the 7th September 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Louis Jullion and
Gordon Pirie at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents with their
Petition, on the 7th September 1859.
We, JOHN LOUIS JULLION and GORDON PIRIE, both of Stoneywood Works,
Aberdeen, North Britain, Paper Makers, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "THE MANUFACTURE OF GELATINE, AND APPARATUS TO BE
EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows (that is to say):-
Our Invention for the manufacture of gelatine has reference to the obtaining
the same from bones by chemically separating their constituent parts, and
consists in operating upon the said bones (previously cut, crushed, or broken,)
by means of suitable solvents in a cold state, either in closed vessels, under
atmospheric pressure, or in vessels open to the common atmosphere. For this
purpose we employ vessels or receptacles of any convenient form or dimensions,
and secured through the medium of a shaft and axis blocks or bearings to the
stand or bed plate, in such manner as to admit of being readily raised or
lowered thereby for cleansing, or otherwise, in connection with which a small
vibrating pump or syphon bellows in gear with the axis aforesaid is employed,

page_text: for the purpose of maintaining a free circulation of the fluid within the vessels,
the lower portions thereof being provided with perforated plates or diaphragms,
upon which the bones to be operated upon are placed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Louis Jullion and Gordon Pirie in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 7th March 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
LOUIS JULLION and GORDON PIRIE, both of Stoneywood Works, Aberdeen,
North Britain, Paper Makers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said John Louis Jullion and Gordon Pirie, Her special licence that we,
the said John Louis Jullion and Gordon Pirie, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said John Louis Jullion
and Gordon Pirie, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "THE MANU-
FACTURE OF GELATINE, AND APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED THEREIN," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that we, the said John Louis Jullion and Gordon
Pirie, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our,
or their, or one of our or their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Louis Jullion and Gordon
Pirie, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, and the Drawings therein
referred to (that is to say) :-
:-
Our Invention for the manufacture of gelatine has reference to the obtaining
the same from bones by chemically separating their constituent parts, and

page_text: consists, firstly, in operating upon the said bones either in closed vessels under
atmospheric pressure, or in vessels open to the common atmosphere, through
the medium of suitable solvents in a cold state.
And, secondly, in the machinery or apparatus to be employed therein.
But in order that our said Invention may be more fully understood and
readily carried into effect, we now proceed to describe it by the aid of the
accompanying Drawings, reference being had to the letters and figures
thereon marked (that is to say) :-
Fig. 1 represents a vertical front view of our machinery or apparatus to be
employed in the said manufacture; Fig. 2, a side elevation; Fig. 3, a top or
plan view thereof; and Fig. 4, a transverse vertical section, taken through the
dotted line in Fig. 3. In each Figure the same letters of reference denote
similar corresponding parts.
:
A, A, vessel or receptacle for holding or containing the bones under
operation; B, B, lid or man-hole, through which the substances operated upon
are to be inserted or withdrawn, as also the cleansing of the vessel readily
effected; C, C, bolts and nuts for securing the same when required; D, D, per-
forated plate or diaphragm, secured horizontally to the lower portion of the
interior of the said vessel upon which the bones E, E, are placed, as represented
at Fig. 4; F, F, solvent for dissolving the earthy matters, such as hydrochloric
acid solution, as mentioned and referred to in a Patent granted to us on the
Seventh day of March, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, No. 599;
G and G¹, spaces above and below the bones, for admitting and facilitating the
interchange of the acid solution; H, H, vibrating pump or syphon bellows,
formed with extending or collapsing sides of vulcanized india-rubber, or other
suitable material I, I; J and J', outlet and inlet pipes passing vertically
through the sides of the vessel or receptacle, as shown; K, K, bar or lever
for actuating the said bellows; L, L, bracket arni or bearing secured to the
receptacle, upon which the same works; M, M, pivot joint for attaching the
lever to the outer disc of the syphon bellows; N, N, connecting rod, receiving
motion from the eccentric O, O; P, P, shaft, mounted horizontally upon the
stand or bearing frame Q, Q, upon which the shaft revolves through the
medium of plummer blocks R and R¹ bolted thereto, as also to the base of
the vessel or receptacle, in such manner as to admit of the said vessel being
raised or tilted forward, for the purpose of facilitating, as aforesaid, the
inserting or removing of the substances, or the cleansing of the vessel without
disarranging the moving parts in gear with the same; S and S', fast and loose
pulleys keyed to the said shaft, for giving motion to the same; T, T, driving
strap or band; U and U³, pipe and socket valve in connection with an air

page_text: pump, or otherwise, for supplying the vessel or receptacle with pressure when
required.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The bones previously cut,
crushed, or broken, together with the solvents in a cold state, are to be placed
within the vessel or receptacle, and the lid B secured down, motion is then
communicated through the medium of the driving band and pulleys in con-
nection with the shaft to the syphon pump or bellows, by the action of which
the fluid or solvent is caused to pass or flow uniformly through the interstices
of the mass, which is thereby more readily and effectually acted upon, or in
like manner bydrochloric acid gas may be substituted in lieu of the liquid
solvent; or the process may be effected by the employment of liquid solvents
under the ordinary pressure of the atmosphere, by dispensing with the lid B
and the pressure of the air pump, or otherwise, as above described.
Having now fully described the nature of this our said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, we would have it clearly under-
stood that we do not confine ourselves to the precise details herein-before
described; nor do we claim the exclusive use of the several processes and
substances herein mentioned and referred to, except when the same are
employed for the purposes of our said Invention, which we hereby declare
to consist,-
Firstly, in the manufacture of gelatine from bones, by submitting the same
to the action of solvents under pressure, or open to the common atmosphere.
And, secondly, in the construction and employment of the machinery or
apparatus, in the manner and for the purposes herein-before set forth and
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Louis Jullion, on behalf of myself
and of the said Gordon Pirie, have hereunto set my hand and seal,
this Sixth day of March, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and sixty
Witness,
JAMES THOMSON,
Aberdeen.
JOHN LOUIS JULLION. (L.S.)