READ LACK, Comptroller-
Year: 1884

page_text: WU JAMES SHEPHERD,
1 Путово спис
Lancaster, Engineer, and PETER GOODWIN of Claremont, Flixton Road Urmston
n Manchester aforesaid, Agent seek leave to amend the specification of Letters
Patent, No. 3932* of 1884, as shown in red ink in the copy of the amended
specification hereunto annexed:-
Our reasons for making this amendment are as follows:-
That the claim as drawn covers more than having regard to the state of know-
ledge existing at the date of the said patent the said James Shepherd was entitled
to claim.
The specification also requires slight alterations to render the same more clear
and intelligible.
ANADREDD
DECISION.
I hereby grant leave to the above named James Shepherd and Peter Goodwin
to amend the specification in the manner proposed, with the exception of the
insertion of the words "or like inaterial" in line 28 on page 3, of the printed
copy 3932*
H. READER LACK,
Comptroller-General,

page_text: Improvements in Pulleys and Drums for Driving Purposes.
:
I JAMES SHEPHERD of 17 Plymouth Avenue Manchester in the County of
Lancaster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN PULLEYS AND DRUMS FOR DRIVING PURPOSES and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
To increase the efficiency of pulleys for turning purposes, and to obtain close
contact between the face of the pulley (whether cast or wrought iron) and the
strap, belt, or rope running over it I perforate the face or periphery of the pulley
or drum with holes varying in size and number according to the size or diameter of
the pulley, and the width of the strap, belt or rope to be used; or fine slots may be
cut across the face of the pulley in parallel or diagonal lines; or the periphery
may be formed of a number of narrow rings leaving a small space between each.
The primary object is to enable the filin of air that is carried in between the face of
the strap or belt and the outer face of the pulley when running to be easily expelled
whereby closer contact between the two is obtained, the fault of slipping is reduced,
and the regularity and power of the turning improved.
But that the Invention may be fully understood I will by the aid of the
accompanying Drawings, proceed to describe means pursued by me in carrying
the same into effect.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 represents an elevation of the outer face or periphery of a pulley
arranged in accordance with my invention; and Figures 2 and show the outer
faces or peripheries of pulleys also arranged in accordance with my Invention.
In each of these views the same letters indicate corresponding parts wherever
they occur.
In Figure 1, c, c, are holes through the periphery of the pulley to allow of the
rapid escape of the air that is carried in between the outer face of the pulley and
the face of the band, strap, or rope when running. In Figure 2 d, d, and in
Figure 3 e, e, shew mechanical modifications for the same purpose. d, d, Figure 2
represents a series of shallow grooves cut across the face of the pulley in parallel,
lines or the grooves may be in diagonal or circumferential lines. e, e, Figure 3
shew a series of bands forming the face or periphery of the pulley arranged with
narrow spacings f,f,f, between each band.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that I do
not claim the use of holes such as have been heretofore used for rivets or bolts
fastening leather surfaces as such holes do not act efficiently to allow as far as
possible all air to escape but what I claim is :-
Perforating, spacing, or grooving the face or the periphery of pulleys and drums
so as to form exit passages for the easy and rapid expulsion of practically all
the air that is taken in between the face of the pulley and the strap, band,
or rope when running substantially as described and illustrated in the annexed
drawings.

page_text: I JAMES SHEPHERD of 17 Plymouth Avenue Manchester in the County of
Lancaster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PULLEYS AND DRUMS FOR DRIVING PURPOSES to be as follows:-
To obtain the maximum of strength with the minimum of weight I prefer to
make pulleys or drums of wrought iron, and with plate or disc shaped bodies
(several methods I am aware are employed for this purpose.) my Invention consists
in the peculiar manner of bending the outer edge of the disc so as to form a
receptacle or flange for the periphery of the pulley to lie upon and to which it is
attached by means of screws, bolts, or rivets. The plate forming the disc or body
of the pully is divided into any given number of sections or divisions by lines
that radiate equally from the centre to the circumference.
Down each of these lines to a given distance or depth the plate is cut by a
saw or other means, and the several pieces or parts afterwards bent to a right
angle, one to the right, and the other to the left in alternate order. This method
of flanging provides ample means for the attachment of the periphery to the body
of the pulley without the use of angle or other shaped pieces of iron by which
weight is reduced and considerable accuracy of balance obtained.
For rope driving V shaped segments can be attached to the flanges of the disc.
To increase the efficiency of pulleys for turning purposes and to obtain close
contact between the face of the pulley [whether cast or wrought iron] and the
strap or belt running over it, I perforate the face or periphery of the pulley with
holes varying in size and number according to the size of the pulley and the width
of strap or belt to be used; or fine slots may be cut across the face of the pulley
in parallel or diagonal lines; or the periphery may be formed of a number of
narrow rings leaving a small space between each. The primary object is to
enable the film of air that is carried in between the face of the strap and the face
of the pulley when running to be easily expelled whereby closer contact between
the two is obtained; the fault of slipping is reduced, and the regularity and power
of the turning improved.
Dated this Twenty fifth day of February One thousand eight hundred and
:

page_text: I JAMES SHEPHERD of '17 Plymouth Avenue Manchester in the County of
Lancaster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN PULLEYS AND DRUMS FOR DRIVING PURPOSES and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
To obtain the maximum of strength with the minimum of weight I prefer to
make pulleys or drums of wrought iron, and with plate or disc shaped bodies
(several methods I am aware are employed for this purpose.) My Invention consists
in the peculiar manner of bending the outer edge of the disc so as to form a
receptacle or flange for the periphery of the pulley to lie upon and to which it is
attached by means of screws-bolts of rivets. The plate forming the disc or body
of the pulley is divided into any given number of sections or divisions by lines
that radiate equally 'from the centre to the 'circumference.
Down each of these lines to a given distance or depth the plate is cut by means
of a saw or other contrivance, and the several pieces or parts afterwards bent to
a right angle, one to the right, and the other to the left in alternate order. This
method of flanging provides ample means for the attachment of the periphery to
the body of the pulley without the use of angle or other shaped pieces of iron by
which weight is reduced and considerable accuracy of balance obtained.
For pulleys or druins of a large diameter two or more discs may be used for
carrying the outer periphery; and to facilitate the fixing of the pulley or drum
upon shafts when in position they may be made in two halves joined together by
any of the ordinary and well known methods for jointing pulleys by screws; bolts
or rivets.
•
For rope driving pulleys V shaped segments can be attached to the flanges of
the disc or disc's.
To increase the efficiency of pulleys for turning purposes, and to obtain close
contact between the face of the pulley (whether cast or wrought iron) and the
strap, belt, or rope running over it I perforate the face or periphery of the pulley
or drum with holes varying in size and number according to the size or diameter
of the pulley, and the width of strap, belt or rope to be used; or.fine slots may be
cut across the face of the pulley in parallel or diagonal lines; or the periphery
may be formed of a number of narrow rings leaving a small space between each.
The primary object is to enable the film of air that is carried in between the face
of the strap or belt and the face of the pulley when running to be easily expelled
whereby closer contact between the two is obtained, the fault of slipping is reduced,
and the regularity and power of the turning improved.
But that the Invention may be fully understood I will by the aid of the
accompanying Drawings, proceed to describe means pursued by me in carrying
the same into effect.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows the end view or side elevation of a wrought iron disc pulley
constructed according to my Invention. Figure 2 shows a cross-section of the
same pulley through the line A. B. Figure 3 shows the outer face or periphery of
the pulley; and Figures 4 and 5 shows the outer face or periphery of a similar
pulley also arranged in accordance with my Invention.
In each of these views the same letters indicate corresponding parts where-ever
they occur.

page_text: Figure 1 a, a, is the wrought iron plate or disc forming the body of a pulley.
Figure 2 a, a, are a series of flanges formed from the plate or disc of metal, and
are bent over to a right angle in alternate order right and left on either side to
receive the outer band or periphery b, b,. Figure 3 c, c, are holes through the
periphery of the pulley to allow of the rapid escape of air that is carried in
between the face of the pulley and the face of the band, strap, or rope when
running. Figure 4 d, d, and Figure 5 e, e, are mechanical modifications for the same
purpose. d, d, Figure 4 consists of a series of shallow grooves cut across the face
of the pulley either in parallel, diagonal or circumferential lines. e, e, Figure 5
is a series of bands forming the face or periphery of the pulley arranged with
narrow spacings between each band. Figure 2 f, f, are cast metal blocks riveted
to the disc or disc's forming the boss of the pulley which is bored out to the size
of shaft required.
Having thus described my improvements and the means which I adopt in
carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that I do not confine
myself to the exact details shewn and described, as variations may be made in
them without departing from the peculiar character of my Invention, but what
I do claim is,―
First. Hanging the outer edge of subdivided metal plates forming the bodies of
pulleys and druins by bending the parts right and left in alternate order to an
angle suitable for the reception and attachment of the face or periphery of pulleys
and drums.
•
Secondly. Perforating, spacing, or grooving the face or periphery of pulleys and
drums so as to form exit passages for the air that is taken in between the face of
the pulley and the strap, band, or rope when running.
T
1
1000

page_text: I, JAMES SHEPHERD, of 17 Plymouth Avenue, Manchester, in the County of.
Lancaster, Engineer seek leave to amend the specification of Letters Patent,
No. 3932 of 1884, as shown in red ink in the copy of the original specification
hereunto annexed:-
My reasons for making this amendment are as follows:-
The specification describes and claims more than having regard to the state of
knowledge at the date of the Patent I was entitled to claim as my invention.
The description and drawings also require slight corrections to be made in order
that the invention may be more clearly explained.
TAMES SHEPHERD
5 In the matter of the application made by James Shepherd, for leave to amend the
Specification of Letters Patent No 3932 of 1884.
I hereby grant leave to the said James Shepherd to amend the said Specification
in the manner proposed.

page_text: I JAMES SHEPHERD of 17 Plymouth Avenue Manchester in the County of
Lancaster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PULLEYS AND DRUMS FOR DRIVING PURPOSES to be as follows:―
To obtain the maximum of strength with the minimum of weight I prefer to
make pulleys or drums of wrought iron, and with plate or disc shaped bodies
(several methods I am aware are employed for this purpose.) my Invention consists
in the peculiar manner of bending the outer edge of the disc so as to form a
receptacle or flange for the periphery of the pulley to lie upon and to which it is
attached by means of screws, bolts, or rivets. The plate forming the disc or body
of the pully is divided into any given number of sections or divisions by lines
that radiate equally from the centre to the circumference.
Down each of these lines to a given distance or depth the plate is cut by a
saw or other means, and the several pieces or parts afterwards bent to a right
angle, one to the right, and the other to the left in alternate order. This method
of flanging provides ample means for the attachment of the periphery to the body
of the pulley without the use of angle or other shaped pieces of iron by which
weight is reduced and considerable accuracy of balance obtained.
For rope driving V shaped segments can be attached to the flanges of the disc.
To increase the efficiency of pulleys for turning purposes and to obtain close
contact between the face of the pulley [whether cast or wrought iron] and the
strap or belt running over it, I perforate the face or periphery of the pulley with
holes varying in size and number according to the size of the pulley and the width
of strap or belt to be used; or fine slots may be cut across the face of the pulley
in parallel or diagonal lines; or the periphery may be formed, of a number of
narrow rings leaving a small space between each. The primary object is to
enable the film of air that is carried in between the face of the strap and the face.
of the pulley when running to be easily expelled, whereby closer contact between
the two is obtained; the fault of slipping is reduced, and the regularity and power
of the turning improved.
Dated this Twenty fifth day of February One thousand eight hundred and

page_text: AMENDED SPECIFICATION.
I JAMES SHEPHERD of 17 Plymouth Avenue Manchester in the County of
Lancaster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN PULLEYS AND DRUMS FOR DRIVING PURPOSES and in what.
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
To obtain the maximum of strength with the minimum of weight I prefer to
make pulleys or- drums--of--wrought iron, and with plate or dise shaped bodies
(several methods I am aware are employed for this purpose.)--My Invention consists
in the peculiar manner of bending the outer edge of the dise so as to form a
receptaele-or-flange-for-the-periphery of the pulley-to-lie-upon-and-to-which it is
attached-by-means of screws bolts-or-rivets.-The plate-forming the dise or body
of the pulley is divided into any given number of sections or divisions by lines
that-radiate-equally-from-the-eentre-to-the-circumference.
Down-each-of-these lines-to-a-given-distance-or-depth the plate-is-cut by means
of a saw or other contrivance, and-the-several pieces or parts afterwards bent to
a-right-angle, one-to-the-right, and the other to the left-in-alternate-order. This
method of flanging provides ample means for the-attachment of the periphery-to
the-body-of the pulley-without-the-use-of-angle-or-other-shaped-pieces of iron by
which-weight-is-reduced-and-considerable-accuracy-of-balance-obtained.
For pulleys or drums of a large diameter two or more-dises-may-be-used for
earrying the outer periphery; and to facilitate the-fixing-of-the-pulley or drum
upon-shafts-when-in position they may be made-in-two halves joined-together-by
any-of-the-ordinary and well known methods for jointing pulleys by screws, bolts
or-rivets.
For-rope-driving pulleys-V-shaped-segments can be attached to the flanges-of
the-dise-or-dise's.
To increase the efficiency of pulleys for turning purposes, and to obtain close
contact between the face of the pulley (whether cast or wrought iron) and the
strap, belt, or rope running over it I perforate the face, or periphery of the pulley
or drum with holes varying in size and number according to the size or diameter of
the pulley, and the width of the strap, belt or rope to be used; or fine slots may be
cut across the face of the pulley in parallel or diagonal lines; or the periphery
may be formed of a number of narrow rings leaving a small space between each.
The primary object is to enable the film of air that is carried in between the face of
the strap or belt and the outer face of the pulley when running to be easily expelled
whereby closer contact between the two is obtained, the fault of slipping is reduced,
and the regularity and power of the turning improved.
But that the Invention may be fully understood I will by the aid of the
accompanying Drawings, proceed to describe means pursued by me in carrying
the same into effect.

page_text: .
the outer face or periphery of a the pulley arranged in accordance with my
invention; and Figures 24 and 5 3 shows the outer faces or peripheryies of
a-similar pulleys also arranged in accordance with my Invention.
In each of these views the same letters indicate corresponding parts where-ever
they occur.'
Figure-1-α-a, is- the wrought iron-plate or dise-forming the body of a pulley.
Figure--a¹-a,-are-a-series of flanges formed from the plate or dise of metal, and
are bent-over to a right angle in alternate order-right-and-left-on-either-side-to
receive-the-outer-band-or-periphery-b-b. In Figure 3 1, c, c, are holes through the
periphery of the pulley to allow of the rapid escape of the air that is carried in
between the outer face of the pulley and the face of the band, strap, or rope when
running. In Figure 4 2 d, d, and in Figure 5 3 e, e, shew are mechanical modifi-
cations for the same purpose. d, d, Figure 4 2 consists of represents a series of
shallow grooves cut across the face of the pulley either in parallel, diagonal or
eireumferential lines or the grooves may be in diagonal or circumferential lines.
e, e, Figure 53 is shew a series of bands forming the face or periphery of the
pulley arranged with narrow spacings f, ff, between each band. Figure 2-f3-f;
are-east-metal-blocks-riveted to the dise or dise's forming-the-boss of the pulley
which-is-bored-out-to-the-size-of-shaft-required.
Having now particularly thus described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention my-improvements and the means which-I-adopt-in-carrying the same
into-effect,-I-would have it understood that 1-do-not-confine myself to the exact
details-shewn-and-described,-as-variations--may-be-made-in-them-without-departing
from-the-peculiar-character of my Invention, but-what-I-do-elaim-is, and in what
manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is:
*
First. Hanging the outer edge of subdivided-metal-plates-forming-the-bodies-of
pulleys and drums by bending the parts right and left in alternate-order-to an
angle-suitable-for-the-reception-and-attachment-of the-face or periphery-of-pulleys
and-drums.
Secondly. Perforating, spacing, or grooving the face or periphery of pulleys and
drums so as to form exit passages for the air that is taken in between the face of
the pulley and the strap, band, or rope when running.