IMPROVEMENTS IN GRINDING-MILLS
Year: 1885

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co, Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GRINDING-MILLS" and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention relates to grinding mills designed to grind not only grain, but
other products of vegetables and minerals.
The grinding discs can be made either of chilled iron or of steel and are formed
with grooved surfaces. The said discs can be made also of stone, porcelain, glass
or of any other material which is suitable for husking or grinding such products.
The materials to be ground are caused to pass between two grinding discs which
rotate with differential velocities, say one and a half revolutions to one, in the
same direction, the grinding surfaces partly cutting and partly crushing the
materials to be reduced.
In grinding mills having rotary grinding discs upon a horizontal shaft, as
heretofore used, one of the discs was fixed, or both discs rotated, but in opposite
directions.
The arrangements bitherto adopted, however, have the defect that they do not
operate by cutting or crushing, but by friction, which is inconsistent with the
principle of the method of grinding, according to which the products are husked
first and then reduced to flour, and which causes the product to be overheated,
By the employment of the improved machine these defects are obviated.
In the accompanying drawing.
Figure 1 is a vertical section of a mill constructed according to this invention.
Figure 2 a plan of the same, and
Figure 3 is a side elevation.*
Figures 4, 5 and 6 show a modified form of grinding discs in various positions.
Upon a bed-plate A are secured two standards B, B', upon which a shaft Cis
supported, the latter having rotary motion communicated to it by means of the
pulley D.

page_text: Upon the shaft C is keyed a disc F provided with a grinding ring E, which disc
bas say four arms with openings between them in order to enable the products
to pass.
Against the disc F is placed, upon the same shaft, a second disc F provided with
a grinding ring E¹, which disc however has no openings through it.
These two grinding discs are enclosed in a casing consisting of two parts, the
lower part G being screwed upon the bed plate A and having a discharge tube,
whilst the upper part G₁ is secured upon the lower part.
Upon one side of this casing is cast a channel H through which the substances to
be ground are fed, between the arms of the grinding disc F, to the grinding
surfaces of the grinding rings E and E¹.
In order that the introduction of the products between the two grinding discs
should take place as regularly as possible and be regulated at will or stopped, upon
the upper end J of the channel H is placed a hopper K. The said upper end is
provided with a feed-roller L. Loosely mounted upon one end of the shaft of the
roller L is the pulley M provided with clutch teeth. Upon a feather with which
the said shaft is provided slides the counter part of the clutch so that the feed roller
can be set in motion at will without the belt slipping off the pulley M, by moving
the lever N so as to cause the two sets of clutch teeth to engage.
A slide O serves to regulate the admission of the products to be ground, a lever P
in connection with toothed wheels and racks enabling the said slide to be placed
higher or lower as desired.
In order to set the grinding disc F¹ which is loose upon the shaft C in rotary
motion the shaft Q is employed, the said shaft Q being supported in bearings R R¹
extending from the standards B, B¹.
"
Friction-rollers S, S¹, S and S¹¹¹ of different diameters to produce the desired
differential speed's are also provided, of which the roller S is keyed upon the
shaft C, the rollers S¹ and S₁ splined upon the shaft Q, and the roller S fixed
upon the nave of the grinding disc F¹. The rollers S and S₁ are in contact, and the
rollers S and S, and they can be pressed against each other, as required, by
means of the adjusting screws T and T¹.
In order that the two grinding discs F and F¹ can be made to approach towards,
or to recede from, each other, the hand-wheel U, provided with screw-threads, is
used, one side of the said wheel having secured to it two checks u which extend
into a groove formed in the prolongation of the nave of the grinding disc F', thereby
preventing the latter.from yielding backward in the direction of the axis.
To the standard B₁ is secured a socket v in which a buffer spring and a sleeve W
provided with screw threads are arranged, the buffer spring pressing against the
sleeve. The latter has external screw-threads upon which the hand-wheel U can
be screwed forwards and backwards, whereby the grinding disc F1 can be brought
nearer to, or farther from, the grinding disc F, an automatic elastic pressure being
moreover provided. To prevent the sleeve W from turning, the two screws x and x¹
are used, which being screwed into the socket extend with their ends into
corresponding apertures of the sleeve W.
A longitudinal movement of the shaft C is prevented by the screw y.
To prevent the heating of the grinding disc F1, the shaft C is provided with an
axial hole, so that oil can be introduced between the hub of the disc F¹ and the
shaft C.
The diameters of the grinding rings and the dimensions of the machine are
dependent upon the product to be reduced and also upon the quantity to be
ground. The grinding discs may be arranged horizontally, or vertically as shown
in the drawing.
Instead of one pair of grinding rings E E¹, three pairs .E, E,.E2 E³, E' E³, as
shown in figures 4, 5, and 6 may be used or more or less, than three pairs can be
arranged.
The rings E to E' may be more or less smooth, or be provided with fine or coarse
ribs. The rings can be shifted so that, for instance, all three pairs operate together

page_text: as shown in figure 4, or only the pair E E5, as shown in figure 5, or the pair E² E³ as
shown in figure 6.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First. The grinding mill constructed substantially as herein before described.
Second. The means whereby the grinding discs are caused to rotate in the same
direction but at different velocities.
Third. The arrangement of several adjustable grinding rings upon each grinding
disc..