matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN STANDS FOR SPIRIT BOTTLES AND OTHER SIMILAR RECEPTACLES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Sibray and Job Frank
Hall at the Office of tho Commissioners of Patents on the 14th June
1882.
FREDERICK SIBRAY and JOB FRANK HALL, both of Sheffield in the County of
York, Manufacturers." IMPROVEMENTS IN STANDS FOR SPIRIT BOTTLES AND
OTHER SIMILAR RECEPTACLES."
Our Invention relates to improvements in the construction of Stands for holding
and securing Bottles for Spirits and other similar receptacles, the object being to
simplify the construction, and to give increased facility in the use of the same.
In carrying out our invention we make a Stand having a base, and a cover
supported on two or more uprights, and having between the said base and cover
just sufficient room for the bottles to stand upright each bottle fits in a shallow
recess formed on the base of the stand, and having two or more fixed or
permanent sides so that the bottles cannot be withdrawn except from the side that
may be open.
Underneath the recesses or base on which the bottles rest is a second bottom or
inner base plate which we prefer to attach to the back of the base proper by
hinges this second base plate has its front edge turned up so that when it is raised
to its highest position (which is accomplished by means of a spring or springs) it
forins the fourth or front side to the recesses and if locked in that position,
effectually prevents the bottles being withdrawn and the contents from being
tampered with.
If it is desirable to make the Stand so that the bottles may be taken out on
either side instead of on one side only, then instead of only one second bottom or
base plate We use two, by preference securing them by hinges to the centre of
the buse of the stand so that they act on both sides of the frame in a manner
similar to that herein before described.
When unlocked the front edge of either of the inner base plates may be pressed
down and the bottles be withdrawn-To replace a bottle in the stand it is only
necessary to let it rest on the upturned edge of one of the inner base plates which
at once sinks to to the level of the recesses, and the bottle can be pushed forward
into its place.
AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF AËRATED BEVERAGE
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Alabaster, Robert James
Alabaster and John Edward Simms at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents on the 21st July 1882.
JOHN ALABASTER and ROBERT JAMES ALABASTER both of Kingsland Road, in
the county of Middlesex, Mineral Water Manufacturers, and JOHN EDWARD SIMMS,
of Clapton, in the said county, Agent "AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF AËRATED
BEVERAGE
"
This invention relates to the manufacture of the liquid or beverage known as
"lemon squash."
"
Hitherto in making "lemon squash it has been the practice to squeeze the
juice of a lemon into a glass, sugar is then mixed with the same and soda water
or like gaseous liquid added.
Great inconvenience has been experienced in making this beverage from the
time occupied in the preparation and from the difficulty of properly dissolving
the sugar.
It has been proposed to supply the beverage in bottles but hitherto all
attempts in this direction have failed because the liquid deteriorated and would
not keep.
Now our invention has for object to so prepare the beverage that it may be
supplied in bottles ready for use similarly to other aërated beverages, and without
the liquid deteriorating or undergoing change from being kept.
In carrying out our invention we take a suitable quantity of lemon juice or
extract to which may be added if required a small quantity of lime juice, a suitable
proportion of sugar is added and thoroughly mixed and dissolved with the juice:
we then add to the mixture a sufficient quantity of salicylic acid or other preventive
of acetic fermentation, water being added if found necessary.
The syrup thus prepared is then ready to be bottled in combination with any
aërated or gaseous liquid under pressure in the manner usual in bottling ordinary
nineral waters.
"Lemon squash" thus prepared will keep in good condition for a considerable
time and we are thus enabled to supply a long felt want.
AN IMPROVED COMBINED URINAL AND WASH-STAND
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frank Wirth at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st November 1882. Communicated to
him from abroad by Felix Müller, of Stuttgart, in the Einpire of Germany.
FRANK WIRTH of the firm of Wirth and Company Patent Solicitors at
Frankfort on the Main in the Empire of Germany "AN IMPROVED COMBINED
URINAL AND WASH-STAND Communicated to him from abroad by Felix Müller,
of Stuttgart, in the Empire of Germany.
"
The invention communicated to mo relates to an improved combined self-closing
urinal and wash-stand.
The improved apparatus consists of a cabinet or case with projecting sides,
a plate is provided fixed on an axis let into the inner portions of the projecting
sides of the urinal and the said plate turns with the said axis.
Both ends of the axis are jointed to a lever which is connected to the upper end
of a rod by a joint so that the lever and rod when in their normal position form an
acute angle A lever bent at an angle and turning on an axis is connected by a
joint to the lower end of the rod, the said joint having two counterweights; the
other end of the said lower lever is fixed by screws, rivets or other suitable means
to a foot board.
By treading on the foot board it is pressed down and at the same time the
lower lever turning on its axis will raise the counterweights, whereby the rod
which is connected with the counterweights by the common axis is lifted vertically
and the plate fixed on its axis is moved forward until it rests on a ledge or stop
fixed to the inner walls of the two projecting sides of the apparatus.
When the
pressure on the foot board is relieved after the apparatus has been used the plate is
brought back to its original position by the counterweight whereby the apparatus
is again closed.
The upper portion of the apparatus is provided with a reservoir in which are
two cocks or taps connected with the water supply pipe; this reservoir is lined
with zinc or other suitable material and may be provided with a basin and soap
tray as in an ordinary washstand, or the reservoir may itself form the wash-basin.
The waste water from the reservoir runs through a rose into the urinal whereby
the latter is flushed; it then passes through a trap or grating and pipe and is
discharged into the drain-The ledges or stops have grooves in their upper sides
through which any urine which may run thereon is led into the urinal,
The reservoir can be closed by a suitable lid.
IN THE ORNAMENTATION OF METALS."
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Bower at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 15th February 1882.
GEORGE BOWER of St. Neots in the County of Huntingdon.
IN THE ORNAMENTATION OF METALS."
"IMPROVEMENTS
In carrying out this Invention I take articles of cast iron malieable iron, wrought
iron, or steel which have been subjected to the action either of steam or of air or
of oxygen, or of carbonic acid, or of mixtures of the same at an elevated temperature,
by which means, a protective film or coating consisting of magnetic oxide of iron
has been formed on the surface of such articles, and subinit the articles so coated to
galvanic action by placing the same in a suitable metallic solution, and bringing
the same into connection with the current obtained by the employment of what is
known as the dynamo magneto electric machine, or other well known source of
electricity whereby the articles so treated become coated with a film or coating of
metal or metals, deposited upon the magnetic oxide. In order to make the bond of
union between the deposited metal and the magnetic oxide more firm I propose in
some cases to rub the surfaces of the articles coated with the magnetic oxide with a
brush or device having filaments or attenuated or finely divided bodies composed
of or coated with metals as described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted
to mo on the 23rd day of June 1881 No 2750 prior to the placing such articles in
the galvanic bath, as above described.
AN IMPROVED MANNER OF PREPARING SOAP FOR TOILET AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th June 1882. Communicated to him
from abroad by Josef Bankmann, of the firm of Calderara & Bankmann of
Vienna, Austria
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co, Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings London. "AN IMPROVED MANNER OF PREPARING SOAP
[A communication to him from abroad by
Josef Bankmann, of the firm of Calderara & Bankmann of Vienna, Austria]
FOR TOILET AND OTHER PURPOSES
"
The object of this invention is to furnish soap in the form of thin perforated sheets
or tablets so that a single piece may be torn off for each washing of the bands
or face.
I provide a number of frames placed one above another which frames are securely
fastened together in such a manner that the joints are water-tight The soap to be
treated is placed within these frames and the sides or sections are capable of
removal so as to leave the soap projecting.
I then plane off thin shavings from the block of soap, by a cutter passing along
its surface and the shavings or sheets are then subjected to the action of a roller
which compresses and smooths them. Then a perforator divides each shaving or
sheet into correspondingly small pieces.
It is preferred to make each sheet about three inches long and two inches broad
and perforated crosswise so as to form four tablets. The sheets have then about
the thickness and portability of postage stamps.
About one dozen of such sheets may be arranged in a packet in the form of a
pocket-book. The packet will then contain the material for 48 separate washings
The size and number may however be varied.
The soap may if desired be made to contain carbolic acid, tar or other medicinal
materials
I am aware that it has been before proposed to impregnate paper or other tissue
with soap in order to form thin soap-sheets, but the sheets manufactured according
to the present invention are essentially different more especially in that they leave
no insoluble residue after use.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS SUITABLE FOR WINDOW SASHES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Septimus Alfred Clark at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th March 1882.
SEPTIMUS ALFRED CLARK of 43, Canterbury Road, Croydon in the County of
Surrey. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS SUITABLE FOR WINDOW SASHES,”
This Invention has for its object improvements in fastenings suitable for window
sashes.
I mount upon the sides or stiles of the lower sash, two vertical axes, one on either
side; they have handles at their lower ends. The handles serve to turn the axes
to lock and unlock the sashes and the handles also serve as lifts for raising the
sashes and drawing them down in opening and closing the window. To lock the
lower sash in any required position so that it can neither be raised or lowered
the axes are turned round so as to cause arms upon them to enter recesses
prepared to receive them at the sides of the frame in which the sash slides.
The arms when they have entered the holes are retained by catches which engage
with them.
Each of the vertical axes is connected at its upper end with a bolt mounted upon
the top or meeting rail of the lower sash. These bolts shoot into holes prepared
for them in the stiles of the upper sash. The holes are provided at convenient
distances apart, one pair of holes receiving the bolts when both sashes are closed,
that to say when the lower sash is in its lowest and the upper sash is in its
highest position. When the bolts are in these holes and the arms upon the axes
are in the recesses prepared to receive them the window is so secured that it cannot
be opened from the outside. To open the window the axes have to be turned so as
first to remove the arms upon them from the recesses and then by a further rotary
movement of the axes to draw back the bolts upon the upper or meeting rail or
the lower sash out of the bolt holes in the upper sash. The lower sash can now be
lifted by the handles and if desired it can be secured in another place, the upper
sash remaining all the while in its highest position. Or when it is desired to
draw down the upper sash the lower sash is first raised and then the handles are so
turned as to permit the bolts to enter the holes in the upper sash but not so far as
to bring the arms on the axes into the stationary recesses. Then on the lower
Bash being drawn down it brings the upper sash down with it, the two being
[D...931

page_text: bolted together. After pulling down the lower sash a distance it may be unlocked
from the upper sash and again raised and if need be it can be rebolted to the
upper sash and the two sashes together may then again be drawn down. When
in this way both sashes have been brought to the positions required; they are
both to be made fast by the bolts locking the sashes together and the arms
on the vertical axes entering the recesses at the side of the fixed frame in which
the sashes work.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Gardner at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd March 1882. A communication from
abroad by Harmon Gillmore and John Shaw both residing at Normandale in
the County of Norfolk (Province of Ontario) Dominion of Canada
HENRY GARDNER of the firm of Robertson Brooman and Company 166 Fleet
Street in the City of London Patent Agent IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS A com-
munication from abroad by Harmon Gillmore and John Shaw both residing at
Normandale in the County of Norfolk (Province of Ontario) Dominion of Canada
The object of this invention is to overcome the weight of a column of water in
the discharge tube of a pump by counterbalancing it with a like discharge tube
both tubes being hung to reciprocate perpendicularly whereby water can be pumped
with ease.
The Invention consists of two vertical pump tubes hung to reciprocate each tube
having valved connection with a cylinder submerged in the well and within each
cylinder is placed a plunger fixed suspendedly over which the cylinder slides
whereby the pump tubes counterbalance and their reciprocation ejects the water in
alternate succession. Water is discharged at the upper end. The lower end of
the tubes connect with a vertical cylinder attached to said tubes which are hung
suspendedly by a chain or belt passing over a rocking segment or pulley pivotted
to a post bearing on the platform of a well or fixed to a base at its bottom. To
the post is fixed a crosshead at about a distance above the top of the cylinders
corresponding to the length of the stroke and from said crosshead drops vertical
with the cylinders, fixed rods carrying plungers firmly attached whereby the
plungers will always remain stationary within the cylinders which move slidingly
thereon by the reciprocation of the tubes to which they are severally attached
such reciprocation being effected by a lever keyed to a pulley or by other suitable
means.
A trough is arranged to receive and conduct the water from the discharge of the
tubes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING ACCIDENTAL EXTINCTION OF EXPOSED GAS LIGHTS, AND REKINDLING THEM WHEN EXTINGUISHED
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jacob Baynes Thompson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th July 1882.
JACOB BAYNES THOMPSON of Pomeroy Street New Cross in the County of
Kent "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING ACCIDENTAL EXTINCTION
OF EXPOSED GAS LIGHTS, AND REKINDLING THEM WHEN EXTINGUISHED
"
When gas lights are employed in exposed situations as on buoys or floating
vessels subject to severe shocks they are liable to be extinguished. It has been
proposed to employ in such cases along with the main burner which is usually
supplied with gas at low pressure, a small burner supplied with gas at higher
pressure so that if the main light should be extinguished the flame of the small
burner might rekindle it. In many cases however it is found that shocks such as
extinguish the main flame are apt also to extinguish the smaller flame. Now my
invention relates to a construction and arrangement of the burner for the small
flame with an appliance to prevent this extinction as much as possible and should
it accidentally be extinguished to rekindle it. For this purpose I place immediately
above the burner a conical helix of platinum wire, in thickness proportioned to the
flame. The base of this cone is elevated a little above the nozzle of the burner
and the apex is somewhat truncated so as to present a small hole at the top. The
wire is coiled so that there is a little air passage between the successive con-
volutions of the helix, and the ends of the wire are secured in the metal which is
attached to the top of the burner, without metallic contact therewith, a material
which is a bad conductor of heat such for example as glass tube enclosing the
wires where they enter holes in the metal. Shortly after the flame of this burner
is lighted the upper part of the wire helix becomes highly heated and should the
flame be extinguished this heat serves to rekindle it and it in its turn rekindles
the main flame.
IMPROVEMENTS IN IMPLEMENTS OR TOOLS FOR POLISHING RODS OR CYLINDRICAL SURFACES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Watt at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 12th January 1882.
ALEXANDER WATT, of Fairfield, Old Charlton in the County of Kent Chemist,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN IMPLEMENTS OR TOOLS FOR POLISHING RODS OR CYLINDRICAL
SURFACES."
This Invention relates to certain improvements in means of or implements or
tools for polishing or rendering. bright, certain parts of bicycles and other similar
carriages termed the spokes or radii of the wheels, the implements or tools being
also applicable to polishing the cylindrical portions of fire irons, stair rods, and other
small cylindrical metallic surfaces in an expeditious and effectual manner with very
trifling labour.
It is well known that one of the inconveniences attending the use of bicycles-
especially in wet weather-is the trouble and labour required to cleanse them after
a journey and to maintain their original brightness: and while the larger parts
of the vehicle involve a considerable amount of rubbing the numerous spokes
(ordinarily about seventy two in number) to each vehicle. (the aggregate length of
which is equal to about 130 feet) engage a considerable portion of the time required
to polish the machine and this was the primary object of this Invention.
In carrying out this Invention the tool is formed with open portions or jaws
terminating at the apex of the jaws or cleft with a hole corresponding substantially
to the size of the rod or cylinder to be buffed or polished and this pair of jaws or
cleft is faced or lined with buffing leather, felt, rubber, or cloth and various sizes of
jaws or clefts will be formed on the same tool similarly to the jaws or spanners of
bed wrenches or bed keys.
66
"
The handle or stock of these tools may as well as the jaws be of some hard and
tough wood such as beach or of vulcanite or of metal. The jaws of the clefs are
to be springy in their character and for this purpose with metal there is a tail
piece divided down below the apex hole aforesaid, so that the jaws will yield or
spring open on the application of the instrument to the rod or cylindrical surface
to be polished and so grip the work.
Polishing powder or other vehicle for abrasion cleansing or polishing purposes

page_text: will be used with this tool or implement according to the surface of the article
whether simply polished metal or plated and burnished, and there is thus obtained
great power for the application of the frictional action, complete surface contact all
around, and yet a yielding grip upon the article to be cleaned and polished far
exceeding the effect of the grasping of the hand upon a cloth or leather at the 5
same time that the polishing or cleansing is effected far more rapidly.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND MACHINERY FOR TIIE PRODUCTION OF ELECTRIC CURRENTS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Blanch Brain at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd April 1882.
WILLIAM BLANCH BRAIN. of Cinderford in the County of Gloucester. “IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND MACHINERY FOR TIIE PRODUCTION OF ELECTRIC
CURRENTS
"
Heretofore in machines for the production of electric currents commutators have
been necessary to change the direction of the currents in order to produce a
continuous current in one direction; now by my invention I am able to dispense
with the use of commutators altogether and to utilize the whole magnetic field and
at same time I avoid useless wire on the induction bobbin. .
According to my invention I wind the wire round the induction corc, the wire
remaining stationary, and the core revolving inside same. The core may be made
in the same form as what is known as a "Siemens" armature-it is however
applicable to other forms of construction wherever a core can be caused to revolve
inside the wire forming the coil. The field magnets may be made of many of the
well known forms such as the so called "Siemens" "Grammes "Edisons" and
others. Various proportions of the induction core may be covered with wire in
accordance with the surface of the magnetic field so as to utilize the whole of the
wire employed or used and thus I avoid as much as possible using wire in the
neutral points of the induction bobbin where there is no action.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MULES FOR SPINNING
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Knowles at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 6th December 1882.
THOMAS KNOWLES of Blackburn in the County of Lancaster, Cotton
Manufacturer, "IMPROVEMENTS IN MULES FOR SPINNING
"
This invention of improvements in mules for spinning has reference to the faller
mechanism and consists in an improved arrangement of parts whereby the tension
on the yarn during winding-on may be continued in a uniform degree up to the
end or nose of the cop. In existing arrangements the lower end of a vertical bar
or rod depending froin an arm attached to the under faller rod comes in contact
with the surface of an inclined plane (known as the "easing bracket") fixed upon
the floor, the faller wire being thereby caused to be gradually depressed as the
operation of winding-on is approaching completion. Thus the tension on the yarn
is gradually reduced and soft winding at the nose of the cop and "snicks" or
"snarls" in the yarn are the result.
Moreover, as the under and upper fallers are in connection it follows that, until
the vertical bar or rod, on the return movement of the carriage has passed out of
contact with the "easing bracket" the two fallers cannot get back to their proper
place.
Now, according to my invention the inclined plane forms the end of a sliding
bar carried in brackets affixed to the under side of the mule carriage and moves
to and fro therewith. When the carriage has nearly completed its inward traverse
the other end of the sliding bar will be arrested and pushed outwards by a fixed
bracket or stop, which may be secured to the roller beam stand or in any other
convenient manner, whereupon the inclined plane will come in contact with and
lift up the upright bar and depress the under faller instantaneously upon the com-
pletion of the operation of winding-on. A spring in conjunction with the sliding
bar is so arranged that immediately upon the return movement of the carriage
being commenced the sliding bar will be withdrawn and the fallers liberated so as
to enable them to return to their normal position.
By the arrangement above described the yarn is kept at a uniform tension until
the winding-on is completed; at the same time that the fallers are put in and out
of action in a more rapid and effectual manner than heretofore.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER CLOSETS AND LATRINES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Phillip John Davies at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th January 1882.
PHILLIP JOHN DAVIES of No. 2 Shaftesbury Terraco, Warwick Road, Kensington
in the County of Middlesex, Plumber and Hydraulic Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS
IN WATER CLOSETS AND LATRINES."
This invention relates to improvements, the chief object of which is to produce
water closets which while being as efficient in their action as those known as
the "Bramah" or "valve closet" shall be less costly to construct and less liable to
derangement.
The invention consists in applying to and combining or connecting with the
closet basin, pan, hopper, or trap, of a water closet or latrine, two or more syphons,
water traps, seals, or water lutes, which owing to a confined body or quantity of
air pent up or interposed between such syphons, water traps, seals, or water lutes,
will cause the water in the closet basin, pan, hopper, trap, or latrino to stand at a
higher level than the throat or water level of the first syphon, trap, scal, or water
lute, that is to say, the water in the said basin, pan, hopper, trap, or latrine is
caused to stand at a comparatively high level as in the "Bramah" or "valvo
closet" in which the said water is supported by a specially adapted valve. The
arrangements forming the subject of the present invention constitute a natural
hydraulic or air and water valve for a water closet of such a character that on the
introduction of a comparatively small quantity of liquid or solid into the basin or
other part connected to the closet syphon the beforementioned confined body or
quantity of air is displaced and a sudden flush or emptying of the basin takes
place by the release of such confined air, after which the flushing water is again
introduced for the next user of the closet and is supported by the confined or
interposed body or quantity of air at a higher level in the basin than it would be
in the ordinary hopper basin.
A similar action of the apparatus may be produced by admitting liquid direct
into the space containing the air, or by opening an aperture which places the said
air space in communication with the outer atmosphere whereby the said air or a
part thereof is allowed to escape so as to cause a sudden flushing action in the
basin similar to that above described.
By these means the use of outlet valves and luting pans is entirely obviated.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC ARC LIGHTS OR LAMPS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Bowers Fitch of New Cross Glass Works,
Deptford in the county of Kent, Chemist for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN ELECTRIC ARC LIGHTS OR LAMPS
وو
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Bowers Fitch at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th December 1882.
WILLIAM BOWERS FITCH of New Cross Glass Works, Deptford, in the county
of Kent, Chemist "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC ARC LIGHTS OR LAMPS
This invention relates to improvements in electric arc lights or lamps whereby
the intensity of the light is increased in a simple and economical manner.
"
In carrying out my invention I employ a perforated disc, a ring or a bulb of
suitable refractory material such as asbestos or the material employed in the
manufacture of plumbago crucibles; the said perforated disc, the ring or the bulb
is suitably fixed or suspended between the carbons, and when the current passes,
the disc, ring or bulb in a short time becomes heated to white heat thereby
increasing the intensity of the light and rendering it more uniform. The disc,
ring or bulb may be of suitable shape and in addition to the vertical perforations
the disc, ring or bulb is also perforated horizontally for the admission of air to the.
carbons.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Bowers Fitch in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
30th June 1883.
WILLIAM BOWERS FITCH of New Cross Glass Works, Deptford in the county
of Kent Chemist IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC ARC LIGHTS OR LAMPS
"
"
This invention relates to improvements in electric arc lights or lamps whereby
the intensity of the light is increased in a simple and economical manner.
In carrying out my invention I employ a perforated disc, a ring or a bulb of
suitable refractory material such as asbestos or the material employed in the
manufacture of plumbago crucibles; the said perforated disc, the ring, or the bulb
is suitably fixed or suspended between the carbons, and when the current passes,
the disc, ring or bulb in a short time becomes heated to white beat thereby
The disc,
increasing the intensity of the light and rendering it more uniform.
ring or bulb may be of suitable shape and in addition to the vertical perforations
the disc, ring or bulb is also perforated horizontally for the admission of air to the
carbons.
Having thus described my said invention and the manner of performing the
same what I claim is
The construction and application to electric arc lights or lamps of a perforated
disc, a ring, or a bulb of suitable refractory material substantially in the manner
and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
In Witness whereof I the said William Bowers Fitch have hereto set my
hand and seal this thirtieth day of June in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and eighty three.
117 D BITCH
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DOUBLING OR TWISTING YARNS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Eli Dyson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd October 1882.
ELI DYSON of Milnsbridge near Huddersfield in the County of York Manufacturer,
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DOUBLING OR TWISTING YARNS
"
This Invention has reference to mules or other machines employed in doubling or
twisting yarns whether two-fold or more; my Improvements in such machinery
rendering it easier for the workman to "piece up" when the cops are empty.
Hitherto the creels employed in mules have been so arranged that the cops have
been placed horizontally which in practice is found very objectionable because when
any of the cops were run off, their horizontal position and the board supporting
them, made it difficult for the workman to get at them for the purpose of "piecing
up" and considerable waste and "single" was made in consequence,
My Invention consists in the employment of two or more creels in mules and in
arranging them so that the cops stand in a vertical position which enables the
workman to get at the cops much easier than he can under present arrangement
When two or more creels are employed they are filled with cops so that when one
is run off the workman can tie or piece up the loose end with a cop on the other
creel without having to get one for that purpose so that whilst the machine is
proceeding the empty cops can be replaced with full ones.
In that class of machine called twisting frames and which have a double set of
spindles and cops I prefer to divide the machine so that the ends of the creel which
I place vertical can be easily got at from behind for piecing up purposes, by which
means the machine can be kept constantly running, instead of being so frequently
stopped as at present, therefore there is less loss in stoppages and waste and
"single" is brought to a minimum.
A NEW OR IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF INSULATOR FOR TELEGRAPHIC AND LIKE WIRES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Gustav Bossomaier at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st December 1882.
ALFRED GUSTAV BOSSOMAIER of 87 Downham Road, Kingsland in the County
of Middlesex "A NEW OR IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF INSULATOR FOR
TELEGRAPHIC AND LIKE WIRES."
This Invention relates to a new or improved construction of insulator for
supporting Telegraphic and like wires, with easy and ready means of inserting the
wire or wires therein and of their removal therefrom.
The Invention consists of a base or bed plate to enable it to be easily affixed by
screws or other fasteners to poles or other supports said base or bed having a lug
at one side or end for the attachment by a fixed or a moveable pin, of a top strap
whose opposite end is fitted to be connected by a stud, pin or other device to the
opposite end of the bed plate. Both the bed plate and the top strap, at their
inner surfaces are prepared for the reception of flanged half rings in porcelain or
other insulating material, whose meeting edges are notched or irregularly formed
so that one part corresponds and fits into its neighbouring part as to prevent the
wire or wires being cut or damaged by the strain which may be put by them
against the sides of the inner opening upon which they bear.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COPYING PRESSES OR APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING COPIES FROM PAPER, LITHO- GRAPHIC STONES AND SIMILAR SURFACES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th September 1882. A communi-
cation to me from abroad by Aisik Schapiro, of Halberstadt, Germany.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
COPYING PRESSES OR APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING COPIES FROM PAPER, LITHO-
GRAPHIC STONES AND SIMILAR SURFACES," a communication to me from abroad
by Aisik Schapiro, of Halberstadt, Germany,
This invention relates to presses for producing copies from paper, lithographic
stones and other surfaces, and it has for its object to render such presses simpler
and lighter than has hitherto been the case.
For this purpose I produce the necessary pressure by a roller passed over the
printing surface and pressed against the latter by the variable tension of a pair of
strings or tapes attached with one end or with both ends to the holder of the
roller and excentrically to the latter. Each string or tape passes over two guide-
pulleys situated at the front and back end of the press. By varying the inclination
of the roller holder or frame towards the printing surface the length of the strings
and consequently the elastic pressure on the roller is altered.
A modification of the device consists in attaching the ends of the strings to
stationary rings near the ends of the press and carrying it over guide rollers
pivoted to the sides of the roller. Or the sides of the roller as well as the ends of
the press may be provided with guide rollers over which is passed an endless
string.
Or the printing platform, instead of being stationary, may be drawn between
two rollers whose axles are guided in vertical slots, the sides of the upper roller
receiving again the ends of a tension string, which is attached excentrically to
the axis of the roller and guided over two stationary guide-pulleys.
Only one of the two rollers may be vertically movable while the axis of the
other remains stationary. An adjustable arm or rubber may be secured to the
handle or bearing of the roller, (in case the latter is arranged to travel over the
printing surface) which is carried over the negative, before taking the copies.
IMPROVED TREATMENT AND COMBINATION. OF INGREDIENTS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF HEARTHSTONE
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Simmons of 13 John Street Maidstone in the
County of Kent for an invention of IMPROVED TREATMENT AND COMBINATION.
OF INGREDIENTS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF HEARTHSTONE
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Simmons at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th March 1882.
WILLIAM SIMMONS of 13 John Street Maidstone in the County of Kent
"IMPROVED TREATMENT AND COMBINATION OF INGREDIENTS FOR THE MANUFACTURE
OF HEARTHSTONE
"
The object of this Invention is the manufacture of blocks, cakes, or other articles
suitable for hearthstone.
"
For the purpose of my Invention I reduce to powder by grinding or otherwise
"Hassack stone and chalk separately. With these two ingredients I mix a
proportionate quantity of Portland cement or a cement having a corresponding
binding quality.
When these are sufficiently mixed so that they are intimately associated I add
water sufficient to make a pasty mass from which I mould or otherwise form
cakes, blocks, or other solid bodies, to be used as hearthstone is now used.
The proportions of the ingredients I prefer to use are
Hassack stone

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Simmons in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
15th September 1882.
WILLIAM SIMMONS of 13 John Street Maidstone in the County of Kent
"IMPROVED TREATMENT AND COMBINATION OF INGREDIENTS FOR THE MANUFACTURE
OF HEARTHSTONE
"
The object of this Invention is the manufacture of blocks, cakes or other articles
suitable for hearthstone.
For the purpose of my Invention I reduce to powder by grinding or otherwise
"Hassack stone and chalk separately. With these two ingredients I mix a
proportionate quantity of Portland cement or a cement having a corresponding
binding quality. When these are sufficiently mixed so that they are intimately
associated I add water sufficient to make a pasty mass from which I mould or
otherwise form cakes, blocks or other solid bodies to be used as hearthstone is now
used.
The proportions of the ingredients I prefer to use are :—
Hassack stone
Chalk
Portland Cement
8 parts
2 parts
1 part
I may however slightly vary any one more of the above parts according to the
required degree of hardness of the blocks.
With the above named ingredients I sometimes add one tenth part of pipe clay
according to the desired density and the tint or colour I wish the blocks or cakes
to be.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed,
I declare that I claim:-
The treatment of the ingredients above mentioned in the manner set forth for
the manufacture of hearthstone in blocks or cakes as described.
Secondly I claim the combination of the ingredients mentioned above with
Hassack stone as a base and the moulding of same into blocks or cakes to be used
as hearthstone is now used as set forth.
In witness whereof I the said William Simmons have hereunto set my hand
and seal this 14th day of September in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty two.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DISINTEGRATORS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frank Wirth at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th March 1882. A. communication from
Fritz Westmeyer, Engineer, of St. Johann on the Saar in the Empire of
Germany.
FRANK WIRTH of the firm of Wirth and Company, Patent Solicitors, at
Frankfort on the Main in the Empire of Germany. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
DISINTEGRATORS." A communication from Fritz Westmeyer, Engineer, of
St. Johann on the Saar in the Empire of Germany.
This Invention relates to disintegrators or disintegrating mills for grinding or
pulverizing coal or other material, and consists essentially in the employment of a
distributor or spreading device constructed and arranged as hereinafter described.
According to the said invention I fix upon one of the shafts a distributor or
device for spreading the material as it enters the disintegrator. This device or
distributor is firmly secured to the said shaft and rotates with it thus distributing
or diffusing the coal or other material so that it is prevented from accumulating in
any one place in the apparatus and the grinding of the said material is effected
equally by all the beaters instead of by only a limited number of them. The said
device is constructed with one or more blades in the form of a fan, and is secured
upon the shaft in any suitable manner. The said blades may be flat or curved and
may either be made solid or perforated with a number of holes.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN BREECH LOADING ORDNANCE AND SMALL ARMS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Hardman Berry at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd November 1882.
SAMUEL HARDMAN BERRY of Hackney in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN BREECH LOADING ORDNANCE AND SMALL ARMS
"
My invention consists in adapting to the breech end of the gun a chamber of a
greater diameter than the gun, which is made to contain a cylindrical breech block
and cut away in such a manner that the said breech block will pass through the
side of the chamber. This chamber holds the cylindrical breech block in position
while discharging by a screwed plug which works in the breeeh end of the chamber.
The cylindrical breech block which has to contain the shot and cartridge is brought
to the loading position by means of a rack and pinion and when in that position
is far enough outside the chamber to allow of the insertion of the shot and
cartridge, and by a reverse motion of the rack and pinion returned to the chamber,
then by a turn of the screwed plug at the breech end of the chamber, the
cylindrical breech block is held in position for discharging
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE SUPPLY OF WATER TO WATER CLOSETS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James McDougall at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd June 1882.
JAMES MCDOUGALL, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North-Britain.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE SUPPLY OF WATER TO
WATER CLOSETS."
This Invention relates to improvements in apparatus for regulating or controlling
the supply of water to water closets, and is designed to prevent waste of water in
flushing.
In carrying out the Invention according to one modification a long close tank or
cistern preferably of cylindrical form is fitted by a coupling to the usual service
pipe from the street main, and from this cistern a discharge pipe passes direct to
the closet basin. A cock or valve is fitted at the inlet to the cistern, and a discharge
cock or valve is fitted on the outlet pipe. These cocks or valves are fitted with
levers, which are connected by a link or links to be operated simultaneously by the
raising and lowering of the closet handle, the levers being so arranged that the
inlet is closed, while the outlet is opened and vice versa. The lever of the inlet
valve is connected to the operating link by a slot and pin, or similar device, so that
it may be closed before the outlet is opened.
When the closet handle is pulled, the outlet valve opens to allow the contents of
the close cistern to be discharged into the closet basin, the inlet being meanwhile
closed, so that there may be no waste of water; and when the handle is again
lowered the outlet is closed and the inlet opened to refill the cistern. An auxiliary
cistern through which the water may be discharged, is in general provided to retain
a portion of the water for the after flush of the closet.
To admit of the water discharging freely from the close tank or cistern, a small
air valve is fitted at or near the top, and opens downwards. The spindle of the
valve is fitted with a float at its lower end, which is raised by the water as it rises
in the cistern, and closes the valve before the cistern is quite full. Au overflow
cup and pipe are fitted over this valve to allow any water which may escape to pass
away freely. The inlet valve may also be so connected to a float, that when the
tank is filled the inlet may be closed, and only be opened again to fill the cistern
after the next action of the closet handle.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FOUNTAIN PENHOLDERS
Year: 1882

page_text: A com-
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st February 1882.
munication from abroad by Adolph Cohn, of Berlin, Germany.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
FOUNTAIN PENHOLDERS," a communication from abroad by Adolph Cohn, of Berlin,
Germany.
This invention relates to penholders which are made hollow for carrying a
supply of ink, and has for its object to facilitate the filling of the ink receptacle.
It consists in an elastic ink receptacle or tube closed at the top and communi-
cating at the bottom with the small pipe which leads down to the pen for
supplying the latter with ink, in combination with a device for compressing the
said ink-receptacle by the hand, so as to cause a discharge of ink through the
small bottom tube, and a suction after the pressure has ceased. This device may
consist of a longitudinal block placed in a slot of the pen-holder, so as to project
through the slot while resting with its length on the elastic tube inside the pen-
holder. Or the top of the india-rubber or other clastic tube may be provided with
a pin projecting through the penholder and capable of being turned by hand, so as
to twist the ink tube and diminish its volume. By depressing the longitudinal
block or twisting the ink tube the ink is forced out through the small bottom
tube, and if the latter dips into an inkstand or inkbottle, ink is sucked in as soon
as the pressure ceases and the tube is allowed to assume its original shape.
AN IMPROVED POTTERY KILN
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Broadhurst at the Once of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st December 1882.
JAMES BROADHURST of the Portland Pottery, Fenton in the County of Stafford
<< AN IMPROVED POTTERY KILN
"
This Invention has for its object an improved pottery kiln.
My improved pottery kiln is of rectangular form. The fire holes are on two
opposite sides of the kiln. They communicate with the chamber of the kiln by
ascending passages or "bags" against the side walls and also by passages beneath
the kiln floor. These latter passages lead the products of combustion to longitudinal
central slit or opening in the floor by which they issue into the chamber of
the kiln.
There are outlets at the top of the kiln which however are closed as soon as the
fires are properly burning and then the products of combustion descend and escape
by apertures in the floor midway between the central slit and the side walls.
The products of combustion then enter longitudinal flues beneath the floor which
lead them away to a chimney or chimneys.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WHEELS FOR VELOCIPEDES AND OTHER ROAD VEHICLES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Albert Tice at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th December 1882.
EDWIN ALBERT TICE, of Clapham, in the county of Surrey, Dentist,
" IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WHEELS FOR VELOCIPEDES AND OTHER ROAD
VEHICLES
"
The great objection to the rubber tyred wheels of velocipedes and other road
vehicles is their liability to be cut by stones or other obstructions, requiring the
renewal or repair of the tyres more or less frequently.
It is my object to remedy this defect by protecting the actual face of the elastic
tyre and still retain the advantages of the flexibility of the rubber.
It consists in fitting a metallic hoop or tyre over the face of the rubber tyre.
I prefer (though I do not bind myself to use) hardened thin steel which can be of
more or less resiliency. This tyre may be secured by bolts passing through it, the
rubber tyre and the rim, or by rivets or wire lacing or cement, or it can be rolled
or formed to grip or engage with a grooved or special sectioned rubber tyre.
In a modification I may wind hardened steel wire or ribbon spirally round the
rubber tyre or over rubber and metallic tyres, or embed the metallic face in it
while being made.
These wheels will be found applicable to omnibuses, carriages, carts and other
road vehicles besides velocipedes.