IMPROVEMENTS IN FINISHING PILE FABRICS
Year: 1885

page_text: We SAMUEL CUNLIFFE LISTER and JOSÉ REIXACH both of Manningham Mills
Bradford in the County of York Manufacturers. do hereby declare the nature of
our invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN FINISHING PILE FABRICS" to be as follows:-
In the specification of a patent granted to us number 590 in the year 1880 we
described a machine with sticks for raising the pile of pile fabrics during the
process of finishing.
According to our present invention we employ for beating or raising the pile a
revolving cylinder with wings or blades radiating from it instead of using sticks
as described in the above mentioned specification, preferably we use three wings.
The advantages obtained by using a winged cylinder are that the blows given
by the wings are not given at right angles to the fabric as is the case when sticks
are used but are given in a circular course as the winged cylinder revolves thus
raising the pile with greater evenness.
The great amount of vibration caused by the winged cylinder running at a high
speed, enables us also to raise the pile by beating the back of the cloth. By
striking the back we preserve the strength of the fore, and prevent marks being
made on the face or pile, the vibration of the piece is also so great that we get the
pile more open, softer, better cover, more erect and less inclined to be matted.
Dated this 15th day of June 1885
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicants.

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We, SAMUEL CUNLIFFE LISTER and JOSÉ REIXACH both of Manningham Mills
Bradford in the County of York Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object to clean card and raise the pile of pile fabrics,
and at the same time to preserve the strength and lustre of the pile besides getting
the same more erect and free from faults with less labour.
In the specification of a patent granted to us N° 590 in the year 1880 we
describe a machine with sticks for raising the pile of pile fabrics during the process
of finishing.
According to our present invention we employ for beating or raising the pile a
revolving cylinder with wings or blades radiating from it instead of using sticks
as described in the above mentioned specification.
The winged cylinder is revolved at a high speed and made 'to act upon the back
of the cloth.
When sticks are used to beat the pile as in our patent N° 590 A.D. 1880 or
upon what is known in the trade by the name of a Nelly, marks of the stick are
invariably left in the piece which renders the same of less value but by using a
winged beater which revolves at a very high speed to strike against the back of
the piece and cause the pile to be thrown erect by the vibration so given to the
cloth all stick marks are avoided and the strength of the pile is preserved. The
pile also is left more open, softer, more erect, and less inclined to be matted and
better cover is obtained.
As the piece is travelling forward to be beaten its pile is carded by card surfaces
as described in the specification before mentioned. The cards we now prefer to
mount on wooden blocks secured at suitable distances apart to an endless shell or
belt in place of using card cylinders as before.
In order that our invention may be fully understood, we will proceed to explain
the drawings hereunto annexed.
Figure 1 on the sheet of drawings is a side elevation of the machine.
A is the frame work of the machine.
B is the first driving shaft upon which is mounted a pulley C 'for driving the
drag roller D by means of the gearing E and F.
G is a tooth wheel also mounted on the first or main driving shaft B and geared
into another tooth wheel H which is mounted on the arbour I of the bottom
roller J¹ round which the endless belt or card sheet is caused to travel, a front
elevation of this card sheet, is shown in Figure 3.
The upper roller J over which the card sheet passes is mounted loosely in its
bearings K.
L is a large pulley mounted on the driving shaft B and giving motion to the
winged cylinder or beater M by means of the belt N guided by the pulleys 0 0.
P is a pulley fixed on the arbour Q of the winged beater M which gives motion
to the drag roller R by means of the pulley S fixed on the arbour T of the said
drag roller R and driven by the belt U.
The pulley V fixed on the driving shaft B gives motion to the brush W by
means of the pulley X mounted on the arbour Y of the said brush W driven by
the belt Z.

page_text: When the card blocks m which are mounted on the endless belt or card sheet
have been drawn over the face or pile of the piece b and round the bottom roller J,
they have gathered a quantity of flock, fibre & to cleanse them of which, the
circular brush W revolving in a contrary direction catches each card block in its
progress before it is drawn over the piece b.
a is the table upon which the piece b is placed before undergoing the process of
carding and beating. c is a fixed stave over which the piece b is drawn face
downwards by the drag roller D and carried face upwards over the brake roller d
after which it is conducted over a roller e and thence forward to the guide
rollers ff which rollers are mounted or carried on moveable brackets i worked
by racks jj and pinions k k¹ (better seen in Figure 2) by which means we regulate
the pressure given to the piece b against the card blocks m which are mounted on
the endless card belt or sheet l, and so regulate the amount of carding as may be
required.
h (better seen in Figure 2) is a shaft extending across the machine, upon which
are keyed the pinions k k¹ geared into the racks jj which are fixed to the sliding
brackets for carrying the rollers ƒ ƒ¹.
g g¹ are hand wheels mounted on each end of the shafts h h¹ which are used
for causing the rollers f f¹ to work backwards and forwards (by means of the
brackets i ) in the slides and thus to approach or recede further from the
card blocks m just as required.
The wood roller n which is fixed in its own loose bearings o is used to keep
the endless cord belt or sheet (which revolves in a contrary direction to the
piece b) in a firm position so as to prevent vibration, whilst the face or pile of
the piece b is being drawn over the card blocks m for the purpose of loosening and
opening the fibre of the same.
After leaving the card blocks m, the piece b is drawn forwards tightly stretched
by the drag roller D it being partially held back by the brake roller d. After this
the piece b is carried back downwards over the fixed bar pand is drawn tightly
stretched over this bar by the drag roller R which is at a lower level than the bar p
so that the piece b is sloping downwards at an angle, where it is acted upon by the
winged cylinder. As the piece b is drawn forward by the drag roller R the
beater M which revolves at a high speed strikes the back of the piece and raises
the pile to an upright position as herein before described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:
1. The process of finishing pile fabrics substantially as herein described consisting
in first carding or teazling the pile and afterwards beating the back of the fabric
by revolving beaters.
2. The construction of machinery for finishing pile fabrics in such manner that
the pile of the pile fabric is first carded or teazled and the back of the fabric then
beaten by a winged cylinder or cylinders substantially as described.
3. The construction of machinery for finishing pile fabrics in such manner that
the pile of the fabric is first acted on by an endless carding or teazling band and
the back of the fabric afterwards beaten by a winged cylinder substantially as
herein before described and illustrated in the drawing annexed.
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicants.