CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINERY, WHICH, WHEN KEPT IN MOTION BY ANY SUITABLE POWER OR WEIGHT, IS APPLICABLE TO OBVIATE CONCUSSION BY MEANS OF PREVENTING COUNTER- ACTION, AND BY WHICH THE FRICTION IS CONVERTED INTO AN USEFUL POWER FOR PROPELLING CARRIAGES ON LAND, VESSELS ON WATER, AND GIVING MOTION TO OTHER MACHINERY
Year: 1824

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, the
Reverend MOSES ISAACS, of Hounsditch, in the City of London, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of that part of the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland called England, bearing date at Westminster,
the Nineteenth day of February, One thousand eight hundred and twenty-four,
in the fifth year of His reign, give and grant unto me, the said Moses Isaacs,
my exors, admors, and assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege
and authority, that I, the said Moses Isaacs, my exors, admors, and assigns,
during the term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OF MACHINERY, WHICH, WHEN KEPT IN MOTION BY ANY SUITABLE POWER OR
WEIGHT, IS APPLICABLE TO OBVIATE CONCUSSION BY MEANS OF PREVENTING COUNTER-
ACTION, AND BY WHICH THE FRICTION IS CONVERTED INTO AN USEFUL POWER FOR
PROPELLING CARRIAGES ON LAND, VESSELS ON WATER, AND GIVING MOTION TO OTHER
MACHINERY;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso that if I,
the said Moses Isaacs, shall not particularly describe and ascertain of the nature
of
my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be
inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, that then the
said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby granted,
shall utterly cease, determine, and become void, as in and by the same, relation
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Moses Isaacs, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described and
ascertained in and by the Drawings hereunto annexed, and the following
description thereof (that is to say):-
My improvements in obviating concussion by means of preventing counter-
action in propelling carriages on land consist in an improved wheel, and
also a rod or case, falling by its own gravity, to prevent carriages over-
turning, which will be hereafter described. Secondly, my improvements in
obviating concussion by means of preventing counteraction in propelling vessels
on water consist in an improved construction of the machinery for steam
vessels, which machinery is also applicable in giving motion to other machinery.
In further compliance with the said proviso, I, the said Moses Isaacs, do
hereby declare that the manner in which the same is to be performed is as
follows:-
My improvements in propelling carriages lic in the construction of a wheel.
The spokes D are made of any elastic material, and fitted to the nave at the
back quarter by means of grooves, two hoops being fixed on the nave, one on
each side, in order to keep the springs in their proper places; the axle is fixed
or secured in the nave, and made to revolve in a cap or cover (attached to the
carriage), as seen at C. The object of this wheel is to prevent the concussion
so much experienced by the ordinary wheels of carriages; also the weight or
load placed on or in the carriage, after being started by the horse or other
animal, assists materially in propelling itself. The rod and case or tube made
of any suitable material for preventing carriages overturning. The rod
I make with teeth or notches, as shewn at A, Fig. 3, fitting into the case or
tube, seen at B, Fig. 4; at the bottom of this case or tube there are one or
more springs n, n, to prevent the rod returning after it has fallen. This rod
and case or tube are suspended near the top of the carriage by means of a
knuckle joint or hinge K; I also make use of a bar Z to prevent the carriage
proceeding after the rod or case has fallen, which is fixed on the front of the
hind axle or other convenient place, and is kept up by the rod P passing
under the coach from the case or rod.
I shall now describe my improvements in propelling vessels and giving
motion to other machinery. A, B, C, are three boilers, B being placed upon
A, C; D is a beam made in the form of a scale beam; E, F, are the piston
rods (made hollow), with rollers at the top working in the gutter or groove r, 1,
near the ends of the beam D; connecting rods S, S, are suspended to the same
beam, work the cranks or cog wheels herein-after mentioned with rollers as

page_text: above described; Y, Z, are the two cylinders; a, a, are feeding pipes passing
from the boilers A, B, into the cylinder Y; b, b, are also feeding pipes passing
from the boiler C, B, into the cylinder Z. This method of conducting steam
is applicable to large vessels on water or to engines on land, but for small
vessels it is adviseable to conduct the steam through pipes from B, C, into
cylinder Y, and from A, B, into the cylinder Z; otherwise the sudden
forcing of the steam from the boilers A, B, would cause a small vessel to
rock. is a pipe from the cylinder Y near the bottom of the boiler C
to recover the steam from the cylinder into the boiler C; m is also a pipe from
the cylinder Z into the boiler A instead of the usual means of condensing it;
H is an oven, or trough, or grate, made in the form of a half cylinder, moving
from side to side by means of the rods O, O, suspended from the beam D
(acting in points or centres); the ordinary grates or ovens may be used by
applying shades to exclude the heat from the boiler A whilst acting against
B and C, in same manner from C when it is acting on A, B, and thus con-
tinually having two boilers acting against one; g, g, are two springs or rods
from the beam D to the cocks e, c, on the feeding pipes a, a, and b, b. The fire
acting on the boilers A, B, causes the steam to lift the piston E, and conse-
quently depresses the piston F, and forces the steam from the cylinder Z into
the bottom part of the boiler A, through the pipe m, and (vice versa) on the
other side before described. Any flame or heat may be used by means of the
moveable fires or shades. Another mode by which I save the loss by friction
is the application of faced cogged wheels L, L, placed from midship to midship
on shafts or axles, and are connected by the connecting rods from the beam D by
means of a button or crank working the pinions w, w, w, w, attached to the axles
or shafts of the paddles. The diameter of the friction rollers is 6 to 1 of the
diameter of the points of the axles, and are applied on their own points in
gunnerals nearly under the paddle axle (applied at both ends) from 15 degrees
more or less from its ascent to its descent from the vertical to its inclination.
Having now described my Invention, I proceed to name those parts to
which I claim exclusive right.
First, the application of spring spokes to wheels, as before described, and
also the method of preventing carriages overturning, (which may either be
done by the rod falling and the case or tube suspended to the carriage, or by
the rod being suspended, the case or tube falling, and likewise the teeth or
notches may either be on the rod, as above mentioned, or in the case, the
springs being then fixed to the rod.
In the construction of machinery for propelling vessels I claim the method
of excluding the heat from one boiler while it is acting on two, as before

page_text: described, by which means fuel is saved by conducting the same steam out
of one cylinder into the boiler; the application from midship to midship of the
above described machinery, whereby I obviate the concussion by means of
preventing counteraction, and thereby turn that power, before lost, to the
increasing of the velocity or speed of navigable vessels.
In witness whereof, I, the said Reverend Moses Isaacs, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and twenty-four.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Nineteenth day of August, in the
year of our Lord 1824, the aforesaid the Reverend Moses Isaacs came before
our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and everything therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that
purpose.
Inrolled the Nineteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and twenty-four.