CEBTAIN IMPROVEMENTS OF CARRIAGES
Year: 1824

page_text: ا
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, DANIEL
STAFFORD, of Liverpool, in the County Palatine of Lancaster, Gentleman,
send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-fourth day of December, One thousand eight hundred
and twenty-four, in the fifth year of His reign, did, for Himself, His heirs
and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Daniel Stafford, His espe-
cial licence that I, the said, Daniel Stafford, my exors, admors, or assigns,
or such others as I, the said Daniel Stafford, my exors, admors, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CEBTAIN IMPROVEMENTS OF CARRIAGES;"
in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso obliging me, the said
Daniel Stafford, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, parti-
cularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to be enrolled
in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in-
and by the same, referenco being thereunto had, will more fully and at
large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Daniel Stafford, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention
doth consist in three particulars,―
First, in such an arrangement of the springs of a carriage that it will
preserve its equilibrium under all ordinary circumstances of the road.
Secondly, in an apparatus to be attached to the axle of a carriage, which
serves the purpose of a second axle if the ordinary axle be broken, and of an
apparatus to keep on the wheels as herein-after explained; and,
Thirdly, in an improved box for the arm of the axle to turn in.
And in further compliance with the said proviso, I, the said Daniel Stafford, 1
do hereby describe the manner in which I perform my said Invention by the
following description of my said several improvements, reference being had to
the Drawing annexed, and the figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
And first of my said arrangement of the springs of a carriage shown in 1
Figures 1 and 2, and in which Figures a, a, a, a, show the under part of the
body, which under part is wholly detached from the carriage. The parts
marked b are iron frames or supports attached to and rising from the beds and
axles, and on which are the springs c, c, c, c, the ends of which rest on the iron
frames or supports marked b. At the upper part of these springs is fixed the
rack d, and to the body of the coach is fixed the rack e, and it should here be
observed that one or both of these two racks should be the segment of a circle.
Now it will be evident from this arrangement that if from any unevenness of
the road the carriage part of the vehicle should be tipped to one side or the
other the body will still preserve its equilibrium by adjusting itself by means
of its own weight on the two racks. f is a rod passing under the perch, so
shaped as not to prevent the swinging of the body, but so placed as to prevent
any sudden jerk from raising the body so high as to throw the teeth of the
racks out of gear.
And now, secondly, of my said apparatus to be attached to the axle of a s
carriage which serves the purpose of a second axle, and also to keep on the
wheels, as shewn in Figures 3 and 4, of which Figures 3 is a longitudinal
section, and 4 a front view of the apparatus. S, S, S, S, S, S, S, S, are four
arms, which I call couplers, turning on hinges or joints at r, shutting down
upon and inclosing part of the plate h. This plate screws on to the back of s
the nave, and has a groove cut in it, which receives a corresponding projection
i, formed in the caps g. These caps are fastened together by means of small
flanges and a screw, shewn at e. Now as these arms and caps, which I call
5

page_text: couplers, are merely meant as safeguards, it should here be stated that the
wheel will be fastened on to the axletree with the ordinary linchpin or other
means, independently of the couplers.
And now, thirdly, of my said improved box for the arm of the axle to turn
in, and which consists in making the said box with a triangular-shaped bore,
or a bore of many sides instead of round, as is now in use, by which means
much friction will be prevented.
Now whereas the exact proportions of my said improvements are not
material to their successful application, and whereas I do not claim privilege
to the materials of which they are made; but such an arrangement of springs
with racks supported as aforesaid, and such an apparatus constituted of what I
have herein-before called couplers, as also such a box for the arm of the axle
to turn in as aforesaid, being, to the best of my knowledge and belief, entirely
new and never before used in that part of His said Majesty's United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland called England, His said Dominion of Wales, or
Town of Berwick-upon Tweed, I do hereby declare this to be my Specification
of my said improvements, and that I do verily believe that this my said
Specification doth comply in all respects fully and without reserve or disguise
with the proviso in the said in part recited Letters Patent contained;
wherefore I do hereby claim to maintain exclusive right and privilege to my
said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Daniel Stafford, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eleventh day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and twenty-five
DANIEL (L.S.) STAFFORD.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eleventh day of June, in the
year of our Lord 1825, the aforesaid Daniel Stafford came before our said
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid
and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above written
And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of
the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Eighteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and twenty-five.