CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAUGHT HORSE SADDLES, HARNESS, AND SADDLE TREES
Year: 1849

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of the firm of J. C. Robertson and Co., of Fleet Street,
London, Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Thirteenth day of
September, (One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine), in the thirteenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my exors, admors, and assigns,
Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said
Richard Archibald Brooman, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my exors, admors, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and. the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, in the Islands of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark,
and Man, and in all Her said Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad; the
Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAUGHT HORSE SADDLES, HARNESS,
AND SADDLE TREES," communicated to me by one Robert Spencer, of Brooklyn,
New York; in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that I, the
said Richard Archibald Brooman, shall cause a particular description of the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,

page_text: by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to be inrolled in Her
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by.
the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that the said improvements in draught horse saddles,
harness, and saddle trees, have for their object, first, the employment of cast or
wrought iron and steel in the manufacture of certain parts of saddlery and har-
ness in place of a combination of wood, iron, and leather as heretofore; secondly,.
the constructing of certain parts of harness so as to render them self-adjusting.
And the manner in which the said objects are carried into effect, is fully set
forth and ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference
being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, that is to say:-
Figure 1, exemplifies the manner in which a gig saddle is constructed accord-
ing to the said Invention. The upper part of the saddle, namely, that which is
marked with the letters a, a, is made of iron, and may be ornamented with
any suitable device or pattern, in imitation of stitching or otherwise, and after-
wards japanned, lacquered, or bronzed. In some cases I prefer making the
said part of cast-iron, and afterwards annealing it to render the metal less
brittle. The flap of the saddle marked 6, is attached to the upper part of the
saddle, by means of a plate of spring steel c, and screws or rivets, after which
the saddle is lined, stuffed, or padded in the ordinary manner. The plate c
being made of spring steel, will readily adjust itself or yield to the shape of the
back or side of the animal. Saddles may, however, be made up without such
plates if desired.
Figure 2 represents one of the steel plates as removed, there being but
one steel plate and flap shewn as attached to the saddle; 6¹ represents a portion
of one of the flaps and back band, which are also supposed to be detached from
the saddle.
Figure 3 represents a carriage pad made of cast iron and afterwards annealed,
or the same may be made of malleable sheet iron stamped out by means of
dies with any suitable device or pattern. The plate forming the carriage pad
may then be painted, japanned, or bronzed and otherwise ornamented with brass
or silver mountings, after which it may be lined with leather or other suitable
material, and then stuffed or padded in the ordinary manner. The lining of
leather may be attached to the carriage pad by rivets or other suitable means.
In some cases I make the carriage pads when of cast iron with projecting
pins on the inside as shewn at 9, 9, which pins when annealed serve as rivets
for attaching the lining to the metal plate h, forming the carriage pad.
Figures 4 and 5 shew the manner of constructing a "Stanhope pad"

page_text: according to the said Invention. It consists of two plates h and i, attached
together by means of rivets or screws. The plate which is made by
preference of thin sheet steel is stamped or otherwise made with a recess, so
as to form when applied to the plate h, as shewn in the Drawing, a hollow
groove or channel for receiving the back band, see also Figure 5, which
represents a transverse section taken through the line A, B, of Figure 4.
The plates when put together are lined and stuffed as herein-before described,
with regard to Figure 3.
Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9 represent a mode of constructing carriage pads with
a joint or hinge so as to render them self-adjusting to the back or sides of
the animal. Figures 7, 8, and 9, represent three views of a hinge joint
suitable for this purpose; k represents a portion of the upper plate, and 1 the
under plate, which when combined as shewn at Figure 6, form the carriage
pad. By referring to Figures 6 and 7 it will be seen that the under plate l,
is bent near the end in the form of a half-round, so as to fit upon a round pin
or axis m, having, on one side and about the middle part thereof, a double
square or projection of two dimensions. The smaller squared part is made to
fit a hole in the plate k, and firmly attached thereto by means of the screw
of the "terret" n, the plate 7 having previously been placed upon the axis m
for this purpose. A square hole is formed in the plate to receive the
larger squared part of the axis, which part forms a shoulder or abutment for
the plate k to be screwed against, and at the same time to allow of the two
plates moving freely as upon a hinge joint. Modifications of the joint just
described are also shewn at Figures 10 and 11. It may be further observed
that steel plates may be employed as shewn and described with regard to
Figure 1, in place of these hinge joints.
A mode of constructing cart saddles with moveable or self-adjusting back
boards is represented in Figures 11, 12, and 13; Figure 11 being a view of
one of the back boards detached from the saddle tree; Figure 12 an elevation
of the saddle; Figure 13 is a plan of the saddle-tree bow, with the back
boards removed. p, p, is the saddle-tree bow, which is by preference made
of cast iron, and afterwards annealed; r, r, r, r, are four studs or pins which
project from the sides of the saddle-tree bow, and upon the back of each of
the "cart trees" or back boards, there are affixed by means of screws or
rivets two projecting pieces or bearings s, s, each having a hole bored in
them to receive these projecting studs (r, r). This mode of attaching the back
boards to the saddle-tree bow so as to move freely upon an axis, admits of
the back boards adjusting themselves to the back of the animal, and they are
consequently not so liable to injure the horse by bearing too hard upon one

page_text: part, which is sometimes the case with cart saddles of the ordinary con-
struction.
Figure 14 represents a "winker" for bridles, which may be constructed of
wrought iron stamped of any desired form or pattern, or the same may be con-
structed of cast iron, with a hollow box t to receive the cheek strap. When
this winker is constructed of cast iron it will be necessary to anneal it, as
herein-before stated with regard to other articles.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I desire it may be understood that I
lay no claim to the manner or mode in which such articles as herein-before
described are to be manufactured or produced, neither do I claim or confine
myself to any particular design or shape to be given to such articles. But
what I claim under the herein-before recited Letters Patent is,――
First, the employment of wrought or cast iron to and for the purposes
herein-before specified.
Secondly, the mode of constructing cart and other saddles, stanhope and
other pads, with steel plates or hinge joints, so as to render them self-adjusting,
as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Ninth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty.