IMPROVE MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR ESSAYING SILK, COTTON, AND OTHER SIMILAR FIRROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Armand Le Comte de Fontaine Moreau,
of the English and Foreign Patent Office, 4, South Street, Fins-
bury, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVE
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR ESSAYING SILK, COTTON, AND OTHER SIMILAR
FIRROUS SUBSTANCES."-A' communication.
Sealed the 21st January 1858, and dated the 22nd October 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Armand Le
Comte de Fontaine Moreau at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd October 1852.
h
I, PETER ARMAND LE COMTE DE FONTAINE MOREAU, of the English
and Foreign Patent Office, 4, South Street, Finsbury, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR ESSAYING SILE, COTTON, AND OTHER
SIMILAR FIBROUS SUBSTANCES" to be as follows:-
The apparatus for ascertaining-the-elasticity and tenacity of silk is
shown in Figure 1, of the Drawing, and is set in motion by catching
wheels. On the axle of the first wheel is set another wheel with a

page_text: vaucanson chain round it, and on the last pinion is a fly wheel. Above
is a balance, which rests on a fly wheel with blades, and thus deter-
mines the escapement when the silk thread by its tension forces the
lever to escape. When the fibre is broken the escapement returns
instantaneously to its place and stops the movement.
The catchings are put in motion by a counterpoise fixed on a slide on
which is a pincer, and the traction is effected by means of a chain.
The dynamometer placed at the top of the instrument is thus
arranged:-The traction of the silk fibres causes a spring bent at its
extremities to yield, which bears on the eccentric of a toothed wheel,
which turns the index of a dial plate D, which in this manner points
out the exact weight which the silk can bear.
The mechanism for indicating the number of torsions is composed of
a wheel A, provided with a handle B, (Figure 2). This wheel works
into a pinion, the axis of which is provided with an endless screw, which
communicates movement to a wheel with an axis, on which is a dial
plate C, divided to the right and left so as to indicate the number
of rotations performed by a pincer or clasp also fixed to the endless
screw. The dial can also perform a rotative motive from right to left,
which motion is independant of the other movement produced by the
winch. In the same box an arched piece of metal is placed, in which
a second pincer slides.
The dynamic hook (Figure 3,) serves for essaying cotton, wool, &c.,
and is composed of the quadrant of a circle E, E', having an arm to
the centre ; at the extremity of this arm is a balance, having at one
side a hook F, and on the other a counterpoise. The index G, which
descends on the radius is placed on the axis of the balance lever; when
the skein suspended to the hook is fixed; the index points out the essay
number of the material. The quadrant of a circle E, E, is divided
conformably to established usage.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Putent,
filed by the said Peter Armand Le Comte de Fontaine Moreau
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd April 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
PETER ARMAND LE COMTE DE FONTAINE MOREAU, of the English and
Foreign Patent Office, 4, South Street, Finsbury, in the County of
Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the
sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Peter Armand Le Comte de Fontaine
Moreau, Her special license that I, the said Peter Armand Le Comte
de Fontaine Moreau, my exccutors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Peter Armand Le Comte de Fontaine Moreau, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR ESSAYING SILK, COTTON, AND OTHER SIMILAR FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES,," communicated to me from abroad, upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Peter Armand Le Comte de Fontaine
Moreau, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Peter Armand Le Comte de
Fontaine Moreau, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference
being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and
letters marked thereon, that is to say:

page_text: The Invention communicated to me relates to the means of essaying
silk, cotton, and other similar substances, that is to say, of ascertain-
ing the weight of the substance, (silk, for example,) in a given and
invariable length for all the essays, and also for ascertaining the
ductility of the thread or the elongation it can receive until broken.
By the first operation, if the silk is found of an uniform size throughout,
then that silk is considered of a good quality.
The second operation serves to ascertain if the silk is uniform, or if
a given quantity is composed of a strong or weak thread.
The apparatus for ascertaining the elasticity and tenacity of silk is
shown in Fig. 1, of the Drawing, and is set in motion by catching
wheels. On the axle of the first wheel is set another wheel with a
vaucanson chain round it, and on the last pinion is a fly wheel; above
is a balance, which rests on a fly wheel with blades, and thus determines
the escapement when the silk thread by its tension forces the lever to
escape. When the fibre is broken the escapement returns simulta-.
.neously to its place and stops the movement. The catchings are put
in motion by a counterpoise fixed on a slide, on which is a pincer, and
.the traction is effected by means of a chain.
.
The dynamometer placed at the top of the instrument is thus
arranged: The traction of the silk fibres causes a spring, bent at its
.extremities, to yield, which bears on the excentric of a toothed wheel,
which turns the index of a dial plate D, which in this manner points
out the exact weight which the silk can bear. The mechanism for
indicating the number of torsions is composed of a wheel A, provided
with a handle B, Fig. II. This wheel works into a pinion, the axis
of which is provided with an endless screw, which communicates move-
ment to a wheel with an axis on which is a dial plate C, divided to
the right and left so as to indicate the number of rotations performed
by a pincer or clasp also fixed to the endless screw. The dial can also
perform a rotative motion from right to left, which motion is in-
dependant of the other movement produced by the winch. In the
same box an arched piece of metal is placed, in which a second pincer
slides.
The dynamic hook. Fig. III.. serves for essaving cotton, wool, &c..

page_text: and is composed of the quadrant of a circle E, E', having an arm in
the centre H; at the extremity of this arm is a balance having at one
side a hook F, and on the other a counterpoise. The index G, which
descends on the radius is placed on the axis of the balance lever, where
the skein suspended to the hook is fixed. The index points out the
essay number of the material. The quadrant of a circle E, E, is
divided conformably to established usage.
And having now described the nature of the Invention communicated
to me, and the best manner of performing the same, I wish it to be
understood that what I claim as 'new and intended to be protected by
the herein-mentioned Letters Patent is,―
Firstly, the ascertaining the ductility of the thread as well as its
tenacity, as herein-before described and referred to in Fig. I. of the
Drawing.
Secondly, the ascertaining the spin and throw of the silk, as herein-
before described and referred to in Fig. II. of the Drawing.
Thirdly, the dynamic hook for cotton, wool, &c., by which the size-
or number of the thread is ascertained.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Armand Le Comte de Fon-
taine Moreau, have hereto set my hand and seal, this Ninth
day of April, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
L DE FONTAINE MOREAU. (4.0.)
ONLINE
DE FON
UNTAINE
HARDT
MO
MOREAU (L.D.)