matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
Invention for Directing the Fire of Guns Mounted in Forts or Batteries.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 16th May, 1888
Specification Accepted, 10th Aug., 1888.
Invention for Directing the Fire of Guns Mounted in Forts or
Batteries.
I BENJAMIN VAUGHAN-ARBUCKLE a Lieutenant-Colonel in the Royal Artillery
now stationed at Malta, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement, viz. :-
By adding to a Walkins depression range finder a metal arm or pointer, which when
the range finder is placed on the centre of a slab (in the Commanding officers station in
the Fort or outside the Fort) which is furnished with a miniature arc corresponding
in degrees and subdivisions of degrees with the marking of the arcs laid for giving
training to the guns, on the gun floor, will enable one person by using this instrument
to direct the fire of the guns of the Fort or Battery and also enable the same person to
distinguish what particular guns bear on the object to be fired at--The arm or pointer
has a deflection scale.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
1. By means of a Walkin depression range finder with this arm or pointer added
to it and used in conjunction with a miniature are, the fire of a gun or group of
guns is completely under the control of one person.
-
2. That it only requires observations to be taken by one person who communicates
directly with the Number one of each gun.
3. That the communication being direct chances of mistakes are eliminated which
i Price R/1

page_text: would occur if orders were issued by more than one person through several
messengers.
4. That it renders it unnecessary to see the object fired at.by looking over the sight
of the gun.
5. That the gun can be directed on the object to be fired at whilst it and the
detachment of men are under cover.
6. That there is a great saving of time in firing each round.
BENJAMIN VAUGHAN-ARBUCKLE,
Lieut.-Colonel Royal Artillery.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 12th June, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 11th Mar, 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 1st June 1889
THOMAS DOLEMAN Marlborough Street Oldham, Spinning Master in Cotton Mill,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows
-
This invention is to take away the direct strain put on the edge of the belt when
shifting from one pulley to another, thereby preventing the crushing of the edges of
the belt and tearing away the piecings on the back, also in changing the belt back-
wards and forwards makes the motion more regular, consequently takes away the
jerking or irregular action in shifting the belt
The above is accomplished by a suitable belt shifter consisting of a frame whose
least width must be equal to that of the belt and the bevil from this point will be
arranged so that it can be adjusted to every required difference or condition of belts
Dated this 8th day of January 1889
THOMAS DOLEMAN,
Marlbro' Street, Oldham

page_text: THOMAS DOLEMAN 75, Marlbro' Street Oldham Spinning Master in Cotton Mill
I do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
-
My improvements relate to what are called belt shifters as used for moving the belt
from loose pulley to fast pulley or from one pulley to another for any purpose
My improvement consists in an arrangement by which I prevent the rigid iction of
the belt shifters on the edges of the belt
According to my improvement the belt shifter is formed in a bevil shape whose
narrowest point is about equal to the width of the belt and the bevil from this point
will be arranged so that it can be adjusted to every condition of belts
In accompanying drawings Fig 1 shows my arrangement of belt shifter directing
the strap to loose pulley
Fig 2 shows the same in its passage from loose to fast pulley
In Fig 1 and 2 above mentioned, a represents hovil strap guide, 6 the strap, c loose
pulley, a fist pulley Fig 2 shows the belt 6 when in its passage from loose to fast
pulley
It will be seen that the arrangement above described will take away the direct
strain put on the edges of the belt when shifting from one pulley to another, thereby
preventing the crushing of the edges of the belt and tearing away the piecings on the
back, also in its action in changing the belt backwards and forwards, makes the
changes more regular, and in consequence takes away the jerhing or sudden motion
by its action in shifting of the belt
Having particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention, I
claim
A belt shifter whose narrowest point is about equal to the width of the belt and
made wider from this point to suit any position or condition of belt
THOMAS DOLEMAN
An Improvement in Door Latches
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 16th May, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 28th July, 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 14th Sept., 1888
An Improvement in Door Latches.
RUEBEN PARTRIDGE Latch Maker 6 Bell Street Darlaston Staff. do hereby declare the
nature of my invention for IMPROVED METHOD OF FIXING THUMB BITS TO HANDLES
to be as follows:-
1 reduce the Thumb Bit near to Thumbpiece upon each flat side sufficient to make
a good shoulder. The Hole is punched in Handle sufficiently wide to pass the Thumb
Bit in where it is not reduced. The Thumb Bit is then placed through the Bit Hole
in Handle into proper position, when the Ears of Handle are closed on to the reduced
part of Thumb Bit & it is secure, & cannot possibly lose out, as is the case of the old
method .e. when fixed by a wire rivet being passed through Ears of Handle &
Thumb Bit.
An Improvement in Door Latches.
RUEBEN PARTRIDGE Latch Maker 6 Bell Street Darlaston Staff. do hereby declare the
nature of my invention for IMPROVed Method of FiXING THUMB BITS TO HANDLES
to be as follows:-
1 reduce the Thumb Bit near to Thumbpiece upon each flat side sufficient to make
a good shoulder. The Hole is punched in Handle sufficiently wide to pass the Thumb
Bit in where it is not reduced. The Thumb Bit is then placed through the Bit Hole
in Handle into proper position, when the Ears of Handle are closed on to the reduced
part of Thumb Bit & it is secure, & cannot possibly lose out, as is the case of the old
method e. when fixed by a wire rivet being passed through Ears of Handle &
Thumb Bit.

page_text: RUEBEN PARTRIDGE Latch Maker, 6 Bell Street Darlaston Staff. do hereby declare the
nature of my invention for AN IMPROVED METHOD OF FIXING THUMB BITS INTO
HANDLES and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
I reduce the Thumb Bit, on each flat side to make a good shoulder, as per Fig. 1 ref.
letter A&Fig. 2 ref. letter A, being the edge & flat view of Thumb Bit, The slotted
hole in Handle Fig. 3 ref. letter B is punched sufficiently wide to take in the Thumb
Bit at its thickest part, see Fig. 1 ref. letter B. The Thumb Bit is then placed in
Handle through the slotted hole, or holes, Figs. 3 or 5 ref. letter B into its proper
position, the sides being pressed, closes the hole upon the reduced portion of the
Thumb Bit, Figs. 1 & 2 ref. letter A it is securely fixed, as per Fig. 4 & cannot
become loose, or lost out, as is often the case, when depending upon light wire rivet,
in the old method, This improved bit being applicable to Lancashire Suffolk, Gothic
& other Latches.
The same method I adapt for Norfolk Latches, whereby I make a loose ear to rivet
upon plate see Figs. 5 & showing front & side view of same, & which I claim as
portion of my improvement, in lieu of the old method of hoop iron ears rivetted into
plate & wire rivet passed through them & Thumb Bit.
The Thumb Bit with reduced portion is what I claim as the improvement, & by
closing the ears of Handle on same making it secure without any rivet.
Dated this the 27th day of July 1888.
An Improved Holding Clip.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Dec., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 13th Sept., 1889-Accepted, 2nd Nov., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION,
An Improved Holding Clip.
1 LIONEL DOVE, of 88 Station Road, Forest Gate Essex Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The clip is preferably made of two pieces of twisted wire the twisted portion being
arranged to form a spring; one end of each piece being secured to a foundation plato
and the other ends bent to form half circles, the two pieces being arranged to plate to
form a circle, the article to be held being pressed into the circle and the spring part
retaining it. The clip is primarily intended to be attached to the front of shop
counters to hold umbrellas, but is equally applicable for pipes, boots and various
articles.
Dated this 13th day of December 1888.
FREDERIC PRINCE,
Agent for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Holding Clip.
I LIONEL DOVE, of 88 Station Road, Forest Gate, Essex, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what uianner the same is to be per-
formed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statoment
This invention relates to a simple arrangement of wire clip chiofly intended for
holding umbrellas in shops, the clip being attached to the front of the counter.
To enable my invention to be properly understood I will proceed to describe the
same with aid of the accompanying drawings.
Figure 2. plan.
The wire is twisted so as to form holding claws A and springs B to enable the claws
to open, when the handlo of say, an umbrella, is pressed against the mouth and
readily admits of the handle being drawn out. The base of the clip is secured to a
plate C, hinged at E to a foundation D, secured to front of counter or other place;
the hinge admitting of the clip being turned down when not in use. This form of
clip may be used to hold various articles particularly boots.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of my invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is.
A clip formed of twisted wire arranged to be secured to a counter front or wall as
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 13th dow of Sentember 1889.
FREDERIC PRINCE,
1, Quality Court, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for Applicant.
Improved Coal Vase.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Aug.. 1888
Complete Specification Left, 1st May, 1889-Accepted, 22nd June, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Coal Vase.
RICHARD LUDLOW 46 & 47 Bordesley Street Birmingham Manufacturer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Improved Coal Vase, with a lid or cover constructed of strips of wood or metal
fastened on leather or canvas.
The lid when open receeds into a compartment or lining of the Vase.
The back of Vase is open to admit of a box which contains the Coals.
RICHARD LUDLOW.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Coal Vase.
I RICHARD LUDLOW of 47 Bordesley Street Birmingham in the County of Warwick
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
Improved Coal Vase with a lid or cover constructed of strips of wood or metal
fastened on leather or canvas; the lid when open slides into a lining at the back of the
Vase. The back of Vase is open to admit the Box containing the Coals as shown in
the drawings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1ª That the cover slides back instead of lifting up like an ordinary Vase.
2 That the Box containing the Coals can be drawn out from the back of Vase for
the purpose of re-filling.
RICHARD LUDLOW.
Year: 1888

page_text: 1, WILLIAM YUILL of No. 3 Fenchurch Avenue in the City of London, Civil
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
A drain trap as usually constructed has an aperture provided for giving access for
cleansing, this aperture being covered by a lid secured by cement, which frequently
gives way allowing the lid to become displaced and permitting foul gases to leak out
of the drain. My invention relates to a construction of such trap apertures and their
covers with means of fixing them tightly, and also of giving ready access to the trap
when desired.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings is a vertical section of a trap in a continuous
line of drain, and Fig. 2 is a vertical section of a gully trap with the aperture and
cover in each case arranged according to my invention. The cleansing aperture A is
made with a shoulder to receive a washer B of packing material on which the flange of
the cover is pressed by a screw D. This screw passes through a crosshead Di the
ends of which are held within a groove E, which as shewn in the front view Fig. 3 is
made with two opposite notches F, so that the crosshead D₁ can be inserted with its
ends entering the groove E and partly turned round in the manner of a bayonet
catch, whereupon the screw D can be set up pressing the cover C firmly on the
packing B. Instead of a screw D, a cam lever may obviously be employed to press
the cover home.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is —
For the cleansing aperture of a drain trap, the combination of the cover C pressed
on packing B by a screw or its equivalent which is held by a crosshead D' retained as
a bayonet catch in the mouth of the aperture, substantially as herein described.
Dated this 26th day of November 1888.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
Year: 1888

page_text: I, HILARION ANTOINE BERNARD HUGUET (de Vars) of 22 Chaussée d'Antin, Paris,
France, Doctor of Medicine do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The invention relates to an apparatus for producing spray by electricity.
In order to make the invention clearly understood, reference will now be made to
the accompanying drawing in which:
A represents a glass globe having four openings B B B B. CC are two
glass tubes with reservoirs D D' the lower ends of which tubes taper off and form
the capillary tubes e c¹. These two tubes are bent at an angle of 45 degrees, and
fit into the globe A by means of india-rubber sockets A' which they pass through
by openings B B¹ in such manner that their capillary ends are opposite one to the
other, and about half an inch or more apart inside the globe A. In each of these
tubes there is a very fine silver wire F F which acts as a conductor for the electricity.
These wires do not reach quite as far as the capillary parts of the tubes, as the latter
might be obstructed thereby.
The purified air is injected through the opening B¹¹ by means of a ventilator, the
other opening B1 is provided with a funnel-shaped mouthpiece H for guiding the
liquid after its vaporization by the electric current. The apparatus is mounted on a
support in which it slides vertically to allow of its adjustment to the height required
in order to be on a level with the respiratory passages of the patient.
The apparatus works in the following manner: the liquid to be vaporized is
introduced into the tubes C C and reservoirs D D¹. The tube C is connected with
the positive of an electric machine by means of the wire F', and the other tube (is
connected with the ground by means of the wire F¹. Then, as soon as the electric
machine is started, the liquid contained in the two tubes CC becomes charged with
electricity, and as the electric. circuit can only take place by the capillary points c c¹,
the positive liquid is thrown upon the negative one, dividing the molecules of liquid,
and producing
an extremely fine spray. The air which arrives inside the globe A by
the opening B forces the spray through the opening B", so that the person placed
before such opening may breathe the spray as fast as it is produced.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
In a spray-producing apparatus the combination of a globe A provided with
openings B B¹ in which are placed two tubes C C¹ (terminating in capillary tubes cc';
and containing wires F F¹ for conducting electricity), and with openings B B¹¹¹, the
one for receiving a ventilating tube, and the other a mouthpiece, the entire apparatus
being fitted into a sliding support, substantially as above described and represented in
the accompanying drawing.
Dated thin
1
1
C. URQUHART FISHER,
Agent for the said H. A. B. Huguet.
Year: 1888

page_text: I, CHARLES BRADBURY, of 37 Torren's Road Brixton, in the County of Surrey,
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to a compact and simple apparatus for lifting doors, in order to
give access to the hinges for lubrication or like purposes. Fig. 1 of the accompanying
drawings is a side view of the apparatus applied to lift a door, Fig. 2 is a plan, and
Fig. 3 is a side view shewing the apparatus folded up in portable form. A bent lever,
to one arm of which the land can be applied, and the other arm of which has a
roller mounted on its pin b, has fitted on its centre pin a a blade c.
The blade being unfolded and the arm upright as shewn by the dotted lines in
Fig. 1, the blade is thrust under the door. Then on pulling down the arm g and so
moving the roller towards the door, the blade e raises the door and holds it up as
long as the roller remains under it; as the centre of this roller passes beyond the
vertical line of a, it has no tendency to run back.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The construction and use of apparatus for lifting doors, substantially as herein
described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated thin 10th are of A1 1000
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
AN IMPROVED TRAVELLING RUG
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Mar., 1888
Specification Accepted, 27th Apr., 1888
ISAAC DAVIS, of 62 & 63 High Street, Whitechapel London E, Feather Bedding,
Mattress and Quilt Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention
for AN IMPROVED TRAVELLING RUG and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed; to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The ordinary rug now used for travelling purposes merely consists of furs, or a
piece of cloth, woollen stuff or other fabric of great weight, length and width, rather
difficult to fold up rapidly and most inconvenient and cumbersome to carry. To
obviate this difficulty I propose to manufacture a rug which though possessing all the
advantages of an ordinary rug will not possess any of its disadvantages. For this
purpose "I manufacture my rug
with either plush, silk, wool or other fabric and line it
with down, having the rug quilted so as not to allow of the down becoming thicker in
one part than in the other. It can easily be seen that a rug composed of any of the
before-mentioned fabrics lined with "down" would be undoubtedly lighter than the
rugs now in use whilst it would be much warmer, and owing to the extra warmth
which the down lining would throw out, need not be of such large dimensions as the
ordinary rugs. Some of the ordinary rugs, especially those made of Skins or Furs,
throw out a most obnoxious and offensive smell which, of course will not obtain with
mine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The invention of a rug which shall be much lighter, more convenient, less
cumbersome, and if possible warmer than those now in use.
2. The introduction of "down" into the manufacture of travelling rugs.
ISAAC DAVIS.
Improvements in the Bearings of Ball Castors.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Sept., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 22nd June, 1889-Accepted, 27th July, 1889
PROVISIONAL, SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Bearings of Ball Castors.
We, GEORGE ROBINSON Engineer, and HORACE JAMES Ironmonger both of Sheffield
in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as
follows:-
It consists in fitting above the ball a flat disc of metal or other suitable material in
the centre of which is sunk a circular hollow with a flat bottom of such a depth, that
when the top of the ball is pressed against the flat bottom of the hollow the lower
edge of its rim is close to but clear of the sides of the ball. Upon moving the piece
of furniture to which the castor is attached, the side of the hollow presses against the
side of the ball and propels it with the smallest amount of friction possible the castor
only being in contact with the ball at two points the top of the ball and one point at
the side.
Dated this 21st day of Sentember 1888
JOHN HENRY TOPHAM,
46A, Market Street, Manchester, Agent to Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Bearings of Ballcastors.
We, GEORGE ROBINSON, Engineer, and HORACE JAMES, Ironmonger, both of
Sheffield in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
It consists in fitting above the ball of the castor, a flat disc of metal, or other suit-
able material, in the centre of which is sunk a circular hollow (with a flat bottom) of
such a depth, that when the ball of the castor is placed under the disc and the top of
the ball presses against the bottom of the hollow, the lower edge of the rim of the
hollow is close to but clear of the sides of the ball. Upon the piece of furniture to
which the castor is attached being moved, the lower edge or rim of the hollow presses
against one side of the ball and propels it with the smallest amount of friction possible,
the castor only being in contact with the ball at two points, the top of the ball, and
one side. In order that the foregoing may be better understood, we send herewith
a sheet of Drawings, in which:-Fig. 1 is a plan of the disc, Fig. 2 a section of the
same, and Fig. 3 a section of a castor showing the disc in position, a indicating the
disc and the ball of the castor.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim, is:
1st. In a ball castor, a bearing, consisting of a flat disc, with a circular hollow,
substantially as described and shown herein before and in the accompanying drawing.
Dated this 21st day of June 1889
JOHN HENRY TOPHAM,
46A, Market Street, Manchester, Agent to Applicants.
JOHN HENRY TOPHAM,
46A, Market Street, Manchester, Agent to Applicants.
Improvements in or relating to the Supporting of Axle Bearings in Velocipedes.
Year: 1888

page_text: Improvements in or relating to the Supporting of Axle Bearings
in Velocipedes.
I RICHARD AUGUST PERRET, of Moers / Rhein in the Empire of Germany,
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to the supporting of the bearings or boxes of the wheel or
other axles and the screwing of the same to the forks or other parts of the framework
of the velocipede destined to receive the same.
The object of the invention is to interpose elastic bodies between the bearing and
framework in an improved manner, hereinafter shown so that jolting may be reduced
and the velocipede may be ridden with comfort over very uneven paving.
The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention as applied to the main axle
bearings of a bicycle.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation partly in section of the bearing, lower end of the fork and
parts relating thereto.
"
Fig. 2 is a horizontal section through the axis of the axle.
Fig. 3 is a part front elevation, part vertical section of the wheel axle, bearings and
fork.
In place of making the bearing in two parts and bolting the upper part
to the lower end of the fork or otherwise supporting the bearing as heretofore direct
on the fork, I connect rigidly to the fork a bow B as shown in Fig. 1 so that.it is
supported substantially at the centre and arches downward to terminate at each end
in horizontal lugs D¹ D¹. To the latter are rigidly fixed bolts F which may be flanged
as shown passed through slots in the ears and screwed by ornamental nuts 2 screwed
upon their upper screw threaded ends so that they project downward from the lower
faces of the ears parallel to each other. The bearing K which may be of any suitable
construction is provided with the lateral horizontal wings D bored for the passage of
the bolts F so that the bearing may slide upon the bolts. Above and below the
wings D are threaded upon the bolts, blocks P of rubber or other suitable elastic
material and below the lower blocks a bow B' having horizontal perforated flanges D'

page_text: is passed over, the bolts F so as to connect them together. The lower end of each
bolt F is screw threaded and nuts m are screwed thereon so that by tightening them
the blocks P may be compressed to a suitable degree.
It will be understood that the same is applicable to other velocipede axles by varying
in a suitable fashion the manner of connecting the bow B to the framework intended
to support the same.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is.
In velocipedes the combination of an axle bearing having wings D with a bow B
having lugs D a bow B¹ having lugs D³, bolts F and elastic blocks P substantially as
set forth.
or by Machinery Certain Portions of the Leather.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Mar.. 1888
Complete Specification Left, 28th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 15th Jan., 1889
Hand or by Machinery Certain Portions of the Leather.
1.JACOB SAMUEL BALLIN trading as J. S. Ballin & Co. of 174 and 175 Aldersgate
Street in the City of London Wholesale Furrier do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
Small pieces of the leather are punched out by hand or by machine in such a
manner that only such portions of the hair and wool are cut as are attached to the
leather which is removed.

page_text: A System of Perforating Fur Skins by Cutting or Punching out by
Hand or by Machinery Certain Portions of the Leather.
1 JACOB SAMUEL BALLIN, trading as J. S. Ballin & Co. of 174 and 175 Aldersgate
Street, in the city of London, Wholesale Furrier do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
This invention relates to a system or method of removing parts of skin and in some
cases the fur hair or wool also, particularly those portions of fur, hair or wool which
are in a piece with the part of the skin so removed, the object being that the skin so
treated or operated upon are of a ventilating character particularly when made up into
garments or into appliances such as chest protectors, respirators and the liko and worn
for health purposes.
The removal of the leather or skin-for the purpose of my invention may be by
punching holes forming minute openings or apertures in such a manner that no
imperfection of the outer or furry surface will be observable while the garment or
other article is in wear.
According to my invention I remove small pieces of the leather or skin having the
fur, hair or wool upon it, by cutting punching or otherwise so that when made up
into a garment, such as a Lady's fur jacket, a Gentleman's fur coat, a waistcoat or
other, perfect ventilation is secured.
The cutting or punching is effected in such a manner that only those portions of
the hair, fur or wool are cut which are actually attached to the leather removed, the
holes or apertures being very small and eyeletted or not, so that the fur, hair or wool
around the holes, wholly or partly, cover the same and whereby the furry, hairy, or
woolly surface of the skin jacket or other garment or appliance is not rendered
unsightly or of unusual appearance while in wear.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The system or method of ventilating fur, hair or wool skins, by punching, cutting
or otherwise removing portions of the leather and fur, hair or wool as described when
such skins are used for garments or as appliances worn for health purposes as set
forth.
The 28th day of November 1888.
H. GARDNER,
166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said J. S. Ballin.
Year: 1888

page_text: I WOLDEMAR SCHMIDT of 21 Grosse Meisnerstrasse, Dresden, in the Empire of
Germany, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
My invention relates to lamps commonly known as "Wenham" Lamps, and its
objects are to soften the light emanating from such lamps; to increase the area of.
light; and to prevent the radiated heat from being projected in a downward direction,
by producing an additional upward current of air.
And in order that my said invention may be particularly described and ascertained
reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings in which similar letters of
reference indicate corresponding parts.
Figs. 1 and 2 are elevations, partly in section, showing the application of my inven-
tion and Figs. 3 and 4 are detail views.
C
An
My invention consists in the use of a second shade or globe a (shown in section)
formed of ground glass or opal, and surrounding the ordinary glass or globe m.
opening is provided at c for the admission of air, which enters through c and passes
upwards between the two globes, and outwards in the direction of the arrows. The:
sectional form of the additional globe a may be that of a portion of an ellipsoid, as
shown in Fig. 1, or a portion of a sphere as shown in Fig. 2 or of any other suitable
form.
The globe
or shade a is attached to the frame d of the lamp, by means of a ring e
shown in plan in Fig. 3 and in section in Fig. 4. This ring is formed in two halves,
united together by a hinge at f. 9 is a closing device consisting of a hook and eye,
for screws and nuts, or other convenient fastening.
The ring e is also provided with clips hh. The ring is therefore reversible, and
may be used as shown in Fig. 1 with the clips resting on the flange d of the lamp;
and the globe a resting on the ring e; or the ring may rest upon the flange d of the
lamp, and the hooks may sustain the globe à as shown in Fig. 2.
By the use of the second shade or globe a the rays of light from the flame are
well diffused and spread outwards in a much more effective manner than when only

page_text: one shade m is employed, and a more uniform light is obtained over an area of
large diameter. Also by making the shade a of opal or ground glass, the light is
rendered soft and agreeable, and free from glare; and the radiated heat is carried
away by the currents of air entering the passage at c and passing upwards, as indi-
cated by the arrows.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
.
1. The method of and means and appliances for fitting lamps of the description
aforesaid with an additional globe a formed of opal or ground glass, for the purpose
of increasing the area and softening and diffusing the light, such globe being
provided with an opening & for the admission of air to carry away the heat, substan-
tially as herein before described and illustrated by the drawings.
GEO. DOWNING,
8, Quality Court, London, W.C.,
Agent for Applicant.
An Improved Method of Fixing Two Toepieces on in Order to Rough Horse Shoes
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 8th June, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 15th Sept, 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 19th Oct, 1888
An Improved Method of Fixing Two Toepieces on in Order to
Rough Horse Shoes
I, HENRY WOOLDRIDGE of Bromley Road Lye near Stourbridge in the County of
Worcester Horse Nail and Horse Shoe Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows
-
It consists of two self-fitting removable toe-plates, xort, txt, or 1ın,
xor 1 in or other sizes as may be required, ganged to fit into corresponding
slots which are punched through the whole thickness of the shoe
The slots extend across the toe and have parallel sides,—they are gauged to receive
the shouldered toe-plates of steel or iron slightly tapered-which are securely fastened
by a light blow or two The blunt toeplates may easily be removed by tapping with
a hammer or using a chisel under the shoulder and sharpened ones substituted in time
of frost If the toe plates be worn down in open weather other blunt ones may be
substituted saving a removal of the shoes-Where shoes are worn harder on one side
than the other it will be an advantage to renew the toe-plate on the hard wearing
side without drawing the other
No kind of nails, wedges, rivets, keys or catches are required to fasten the toe
plates
The invention is designed for all classes of horses that are shod with or without toe
pieces or knobbed shoes
Dated this Seventh day of June 1888

page_text: plates
The invention is designed for all classes of horses that are shod with or without
toe-pieces or knobbed shoes
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1 Having two toe-pieces in each shoe instead of the one larger one as in
Pat 6339/84
2 The two smaller toe-pieces in each shoe, instead of the larger one,-leave a stay
of metal between them, that strengthens the shoe greatly
3 The holes being smaller are much less liable to stretch than the one described in
Pat 6339/84
4 The toe-pieces are more easily extracted
1000
Every Description having Doors at Back.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Feb., 1888
Specification Accepted, 16th Mar., 1888
of Every Description having Doors at Back.
I, MAURICE MOSS, 14 Baker Street Portman Square, in the County of Middlesex
Coach Builder do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:—
My Invention is for improvements in the front moveable seat whereby it is divided
in the centre and one portion of the seat revolves allowing an entrance from the back
to this scat without stepping over it.
In figure 1 the seat is shown closed. A is front iron support for the seat that does
not revolve, another similar support being at back to each of which is attached an iron
bar from the side of cart on which the fixed seat rests.
revolving scat rests when open. C is an iron bar with slot and screw to fasten the
B is an iron bar on which
seat when moved either backwards or forwards to secure balance. The whole of the
seat is moveable and can be taken out for cleaning or other purposes. D is the open
space under fixed seat to allow the revolving seat, with cushion on, to pass.
Figure 2 shows the revolving portion of seat open, working on pivot E, and pushed
back in the open space D under the fixed seat.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is;
The advantage of a revolving seat whereby ladies and invalides may enter by the
door at back and seat themselves in the front without the discomfort and danger of
having either to enter by climbing up the front, near possibly a restive horse, or of
slipping from the step, or by entering at the back and being compelled to climb over
the seat to get to the front. Ample space is given to pass to the front, as herein
described & substantially as described in the Specification.
Dated this 10th day of February 1888
Improved Pastes or Powders for Cleaning and Polishing Plate, Paint, Varnish and similar Substances.
Year: 1888

page_text: Improved Pastes or Powders for Cleaning and Polishing Plate,
Paint, Varnish, and similar Substances.
I SAMUEL JONES PAYNE of West Thurrock Essex fire-brick manufacturer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in utilizing the residue arising from the manufacture of
Portland cement.
The residue is washed and sifted to free it from grit and is then mixed with small
quantities of ammonia, methylated spirit, silicate of soda and any harmless colouring
inatter after which it can be made up for sale either as a paste or powder. For
"plate" the ammonia may be omitted and an equivalent quantity of methylated spirit
added.

page_text: To the residue after being prepared as described 1 "as an example" take 10 lbs.
of the residue and add thereto 1 pint of Methylated Spirits to form a paste.-For
Powder I add a small quantity of Ammonia with the coloring matter varying the
proportions as desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
The admixture
Means by which Alcoholic Liquors may be Rendered more Wholesome.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 12th July, 1889-Accepted, 18th Oct., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Means by which Alcoholic Liquors may be Rendered more
Wholesome.
:
I, ERNEST AUGUSTUS BARBER BEAUMONT 32 Egremont Place, Brighton Gentleman
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for RENDERING ALCOHOLIC LIQUORS
MORE WHOLESOME to be as follows :-
:―
The use of Cascara Sagrada or Rhamnus Frangula, or derivativos, extracts, or
compounds, of either, or both of them in the manufacture of any Malt Liquor, Wine,
Liqueur, Spirit, or other Alcoholic Liquor; and the admixture of Cascara Sagrada
or Rhamnus Frangula, or derivatives extracts, or compounds of either, or both of
them, with any Malt Liquor, Wine, Liqueur, Spirit, or other Alcoholic Liquor.
Dated this 17th day of October 1888.
ERNEST A. B. BEAUMONT.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Means by which Alcoholic Liquors may be Rendered more
Wholesome.
I, ERNEST AUGUSTUS BARBER BEAUMONT, of 32 Egremont Place, Brighton,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The use of Cascara Sagrada, or Rhamnus Frangula, their compounds, extracts, or
derivatives, or any preparation containing either of them, in the manufacture of
Porter, Beer, or other malt liquors, Wines Spirits, liqueurs, or any alcoholic liquor
whatsoever; and the addition of Cascara Sagrada, or Rhamnus Frangula, their
compounds, extracts, or derivatives, or any preparation containing either of them, to
Porter, Beer or other malt liquors, Wines, Spirits, liqueurs, or any alcoholic liquor
whatsoever.
To Porter, Beer, and other malt liquors, the fluid extract of Cascara Sagrada may
be added in the proportion of a drachm to the quart, so that in every half pint of the
malt liquor, 15 minims of the fluid extract of Cascara would be contained, or in any
other suitable proportion. The fluid extract of Rhamnus Frangula may be added in
the proportion of 1 to 4 drachms to the pint.
To Liqueurs, Wines, etc., which are taken in smaller quantities than malt liquors, the
proportion of Cascara or Rhamnus would be larger, in order that a proper dose might
be taken with the quantity of the beverage usually drunk.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. That alcoholic liquors treated in this way become less harmful and more whole-
some.
2. That they acquire distinct therapeutic value.
3. That the drugs which may be hereby administered derive greater activity from
the Alcohol administered at the same time, which promotes their digestion and

page_text: 4. That the nauseous character of the aforesaid drugs may be masked or eliminated
by these means.
Dated this 11th dor of Lul 1900
ERNEST AUGUSTUS BARBER BEAUMONT,
Retired Army Officer.
Year: 1888

page_text: 1, JAMES DAVID CLEEK, residing at Abingdon, in the County of Washington and
State of Virginia, one of the United States of America, Machinist, do hereby declaro
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has relation to devices for locking bolts and nuts, and it consists in
the construction and novel combination of devices as hereinafter set forth.
Referring to the accompanying Drawings:
The letter, A, designates a bolt, and, B, a nut thereon. C, designates a fish-plate,
or other bearing which may have a slight depression at, g.
The bolt, A, is formed with a longitudinal groove, D, along its threaded portion,
said groove being shallow and having sufficient breadth to receive a key, E, which
is thin enough to be seated in the groove, within the sweep of the thread, so that
the nut, B, can be turned home when the key is in position.
F, is a washer sometimes used, having a central opening for the passage of the bolt,
and the rectangular off-sets, h, h, to said opening forming locking notches for the
outwardly extending foot, k, of the key. This foot, k, is bent at right angles to the
shank of the key and serves to hold the bolt and washer in relative position.
The nut, B, at its outer end is provided around the opening with the sloping
ratchet notches, 1, said notches extending outward at an obtuse angle from the
threaded portion of the opening as shown. At its inner end or base the nut may
be formed with an annular recess or chamber, m, around the central threaded
opening, of sufficient dimensions to receive the foot of the key, when desired.
Before applying the nut, the key is laid in the groove of the bolt, with its foot
engaging one of the notches of the washer or resting against the bearing. The nut
having then been turned home the end of the key which projects outward beyond
the nut is bent to one side so that it will engage one of the ratchets of the nut.
As the key needs but little bending to engage the sloping ratchet notches it can
be easily restored to its normal straight form when it is desired to remove the nut.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :
In a nut-lock, the combination with the grooved bolt and the key having an
outwardly bent foot and adapted to fit in the groove of the bolt, of the nut having
the outwardly sloping ratchet, notches, around the outer end of its threaded opening
and the annular recess around the inner end of said opening, as shown and described.
Dated this 4th day of December 188s
JAMES DAVID CLEEK.
By Jensen & Son,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Patent Agents.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Feb., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 6th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 29th Jan., 1889
I CHRISTOPHER BURDON 15 Freeman Street West Hartlepool in the County of
Durham Carriage Builder do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention is an improved means of breaking up Macadam & other Roads &
Land.
I make a curved or bevelled Toothed Shaft or roller. Those teeth are so curved or
bevelled to suite the size of the said shaft or roller so that by a rotary motion the
tooth enters the work to be done fare with the point, and thus in its motion, with a
given weight it penetrates to its full depth of tooth by it reaches the gravitation line
and with it being curved or bevelled in its upward motion, raises out the stones or soil
behind.
Those teeth may be fixed, by dovetail grooves screwed, keyed, or any other practical
way and made of metal, iron or steel.
The length of tooth, and distance apart are made to suite the nature of work to be
done.
For this shaft or roller I make a strong metal, iron or steel frame with slide, screw
or lever for raising & lowering the same.
This frame may be fixed to Traction Engine or road roller, or mounted on wheels,
to be drawn by horses on Road or Land.
Dated this 6th day of February 1888.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means for Breaking up Macadam and other Roads
and Land.
I CHRISTOPHER BURDON 15 Freeman Street West Hartlepool in the County of
Durham Carriage Builder do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
My invention is an improved means for Breaking up Macadam and other Roads and
Land.
I make a curved or bevelled toothed shaft or roller. Those teeth are so curved or
bevelled to suit the size of the said shaft or roller so that by a rotary motion the tooth
enters the work to be done fair with the point and thus in its motion with a given
weight it penetrates to its full depth of tooth by it reaches the gravitation line and
with it being curved or bevelled in its upward motion raises out the stones and soil
behind.
Those teeth may be fixed by dovetailed grooves screwed, keyed, or any other
Practical Method; and made of metal, iron or steel.
The length of tooth and distance apart are made to suit the nature of work to be
done.
For this shaft or roller, I make a strong, wood, metal, iron or steel frame of any
ordinary design and dementions, with slide, screw or lover for raising or lowering the
same.
This frame may be fixed to Traction Engine, or Road Roller or mounted on wheels
(in any ordinary method) to be drawn by horses or any other motive Power on Roads
or Land.
A side elevation and an end elevation of the roller are shewn on the accompanying|
sheet of drawings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what T
claim is
The Breaking up of Macadam and other Roads and Land by means of a curved or
bevelled toothed shaft or roller.
1
1000