A PORTABLE STOVE OR FURNACE, WHICH MAY BE MADE OF CAST IRON, FORGED OR PLATE IRON, OF OTHER METALS OR MATERIALS, BY WHICH A CURRENT OF AIR IS HEATED AND DISCHARGED, SO AS TO DISTRIBUTE THE HEAT MORE EQUALLY THAN BY STOVES SUCH AS ARE IN COMMON USE, AND AVOID THE UNPLEASANT SMELL WHICH THEY PRODUCE, AND WHICH AIR, IF NECESSARY, MAY BE BROUGHT FROM THE EXTERNAL ATMOSPHERE, SO AS TO PRODUCE VENTILATION AS WELL AS WARMTH
Year: 1809

page_text: MURRAY AND ANDERSON'S SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, JOHN
MURRAY, of Nicholson Street, Edinburgh, Esquire, and ADAM ANDERSON,
of South Bridge Street, Edinburgh, Tin-plate worker, send greeting.
WHEREAS the King's most Excellent Majesty, by Letters Patent under
the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster, the Fourteenth
day of December, in the fiftieth year of His reign, gave and granted unto
the said John Murray and Adam Anderson, their executors, administrators,
and assigns, His Majesty's especial licence, full power, sole privilege and autho-
rity, that they, the said John Murray and Adam Anderson, their executors,
administrators, and assigns, and every of them, by themselves or by their
deputy or deputies, servants or agents, or such others as they, the said John
Murray and Adam Anderson, their executors, administrators, or assigns, should
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend their Invention of "A PORTABLE STOVE OR FURNACE,
WHICH MAY BE MADE OF CAST IRON, FORGED OR PLATE IRON, OF OTHER METALS OR
MATERIALS, BY WHICH A CURRENT OF AIR IS HEATED AND DISCHARGED, SO AS TO
DISTRIBUTE THE HEAT MORE EQUALLY THAN BY STOVES SUCH AS ARE IN COMMON
USE, AND AVOID THE UNPLEASANT SMELL WHICH THEY PRODUCE, AND WHICH AIR, IF
NECESSARY, MAY BE BROUGHT FROM THE EXTERNAL ATMOSPHERE, SO AS TO PRODUCE
VENTILATION AS WELL AS WARMTH," being an Invention entirely now, within
that part of His Majesty's United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
at any

page_text: called England, His Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick upon Tweed;
in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that if the said John
Murray and Adam Anderson should not particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of their Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by
an instrument in writing under their hands and seals, and cause the same to
be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within two calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, that
then the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever
thereby granted, should utterly cease, determine, and become void, as by the
said Letters Patent, relation being thereunto had, may more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that the said John Murray and Adam Anderson, in
compliance with the said proviso, do hereby describe and ascertain the nature
of their said Invention, the several methods by which the same may be per-
formed, as follows, that is to say :—
This our Invention of a portable stove may be constructed in whole or in
part of any convenient metal; but in general, plate iron or rather cast iron is
to be preferred. It consists of the following parts, which will be most clearly
described by a reference to the annexed Figures. Fig. 1 represents the part
of the stove in which the fuel burns. It consists of a cavity or dome «, which
may be either of the shape represented in the Figure, or of any other conve-
nient shape, and within which the fuel burns on a grate at the bottom of the
common construction. This dome, with the grate, stands on the pedestal b, in
which is a sliding box that serves as an ash pit, and in the front of it are the
apertures c, having register doors so as to regulate the admission of air. The
flame, heated air, and smoke circulate in this interior cavity or dome so as to
heat it as equally as possible, and the smoke is allowed to escape by a tube D,
which passes off behind, and is conveyed into a chimney or tunnel led into the
external air. Fig. 2 represents a dome similar in shape to the former, but of
greater diameter and height. It is placed over the former so as to be distant
from every part of it a certain space, and resting on the pedestal (as is repre-
sented in the Figure, the inner dome being represented by the dotted lines); at
the under part of it are apertures e, e, the situation of which may be varied,
but which are best placed so as to be opposite the part of the inner dome in
which the fuel burns, four, six, or more of these being in the circumference.
Through these the air enters; it rises in the space between the inner and outer
dome, is heated, and escapes by the the tube or neck f, which rises from the
top of the outer dome. This tube may issue from the dome in different direc-

page_text: tions, which may be applied to particular situations, according as the air is to
be conveyed, that represented in the Figure being in general preferable, as
having the neatest appearance. A single door may be applied to close the fire-
place, either to the inner or outer dome, the spaces between them at the sides,
bottom, and top being closed with iron plates. But in general a double door,
closing both openings, is to be preferred. It is represented most clearly in
Fig. 1, g. It is connected in such a manner with the two domes, that the
inner part of it closes the fire-place in the internal dome, and the outer part or
front closes the corresponding opening in the external dome; the space between
being closed all around with iron plates so as to prevent any of the smoke from
escaping from the fire-place and mingling with the current of heated air.
Either this double door or a single door may be placed at a greater height in
the dome, and instead of being close may have openings, which may be closed
or not by moveable bars, and thus the advantage of an open fire-place, if it is
wished, may be so far obtained along with the other advantages of the stove.
The chimney or tube from the inner dome passes out through a corresponding
aperture in the external dome. The dimensions of these parts may be various,
according to the purpose to which the apparatus is to be applied. The relative
dimensions of the different parts may likewise vary. The following proportions
may be given as approaching to a medium:-The height of the inner dome
from the pedestal, two feet six inches; diameter towards the middle of its height,
seven inches and a half, but towards the bottom where the fire burns, nine
inches and a half; the height of the outer dome, two feet nine inches; the
diameter such that it is distant three inches in every part from the inner dome;
the diameter of the apertures in the external dome, two inches and a half; the
diameter of the neck or tube at the top of the outer dome, three inches and a
half. But it is not understood that these proportions are absolutely fixed; on
the contrary, for different purposes and in stoves of different dimensions, they
may be more or less varied. The greater diameter towards the under part of
the dome is not absolutely necessary, but by giving this enlargement to the
interior dome, more space is allowed for the fuel, especially where the stove is
not large, and a corresponding enlargement is given to the external dome to
preserve the due distance of it from the inner one. The construction too
may be made a little more simple by not bringing the outer dome so low as
the inner one, but causing it to rest on the projection formed by the enlarge-
ment of diameter of this inner one where the fuel burns. But in this way,
the part of the inner dome which is most heated is not surrounded with the
external dome so as to communicate its heat to the current of air; part of the

page_text: heat is lost; and the principal advantage of the apparatus, that of the inner
dome being prevented by the rapid current of air from being overheated, by
which the unpleasant smell from stoves in the common construction is pre-
vented, is in some measure lost. If this construction, however, should be
preferred for cheapness, it may in some cases be used. The stove in the state
hitherto described can be applied in many situations, a column, hollow vase, or
other ornament through which the heated is allowed to pass being placed on the
top of the tubef of the external dome; as for example, it may be used in this
state. for heating balls, lobbies, staircases, or any apartments, which from being
open, have a very free supply of air, and do not require any particular arrange-
ment to distribute or diffuse more equally the heated air. But there are many
situations or many purposes to which the stove may be applied, in which other
parts are either necessary, or may be added with great advantage, and which
are also to be included in this Specification. Thus it will often be an advantage
to bring into the apartment designed to be heated a supply of fresh air, instead
of merely heating the air of the apartment, for in the latter case, the same air
being repeatedly heated is liable to be deteriorated, and there is not sufficient
ventilation. To avoid these inconveniences, a metallic tube, circular or of any
other shape, is made to encircle the under part of the external dome, so as to cover
the apertures by. which the air is admitted into the space between the two domes.
This tube, which must be of sufficient diameter to supply the current of air, is
connected with a tube of the same diameter, which communicates by an open
mouth with the external air, or with the air of an apartment contiguous to
that in which the stove is placed, and thus a constant current of fresh air is
introduced sufficiently heated, and the advantages of warmth and ventilation are
combined. In many situations it must be an advantage to diffuse the heat very
rapidly and equally, as for example, in heating churches and large public
rooms. To attain this the following addition is made to the stove; a tube,
which may in general be constructed of plate iron, or in part of its length,
(vizt, whero it is at a sufficient distance from the head of the stove,) of tinned
iron or tinned copper, is placed on the tube f, which passes from the head of
, the external dome. This additional tube, by being bent and by having branches
connected with it, may be carried to different parts of the church or room.
The heated air will thus be discharged at different apertures, so as to be more
equally diffused, and another advantage is gained, that from the length of tube
a more rapid circulation of air through the stove is produced. By a tube having
branches thus connected with it, which can be led to a distance, (having if neces-
sary an external tube around them to preservo more effectually the temperature
'

page_text: of the heated air,) different apartments of a house or other building may bo ven-
tilated and warmed, the branch which opens into each apartment being provided
with a register door, by which the admission of the heated air can be regulated
at pleasure. There is still another part of the apparatus to be described. Not-
withstanding the rapid current of air passing between the internal and external
domes, the latter is considerably heated, and of course gives out a portion of
heat from its external surface. In. some situations, as where a hall or stair-
case is to be warmed, this is no inconvenience.. But, there are others where
it will be beneficial to obviate it, as for example, where the stove is placed in
the body of a church; for although much less heat will be given off' 'from the
external dome than from stoves on the common construction, and of course it
will be much less unpleasant to those in the immediate neighbourhood of it, yet
it must be an advantage to prevent this nearly, if not altogether. To accomplish
this, another dome, which may for distinction be named the third, of plate or of
cast iron, or if this should be preferred, of bronze, stone, or marble, is placed over
the apparatus before described, having an open space in front, or, if not, apertures
towards the bottom, by which a current of air may enter; this air escaping by
a tube rising from the top of the dome, in a similar manner to that in which
it escapes from the second dome. This air may either be allowed to escape
freely, or a tubo may be connected with the neck of the dome, by which it
may be carried to any distance, the tube conveying the heated air from tho
second dome being brought through this third tube at any particular part
which may be required, or, if this be preferred, being carried forward with it,
both terminating at one orifice.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Murray and Adam Anderson, havo
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirty-first day of January, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and ten.
George Wilson, Writer, in Edinburgh, maketh oath and saith, that he did seo
John Murray and Adam Anderson, mentioned in the deed poll hereunto
annexed, sign, seal, and, as their act and deed, in due form of law, deliver the
said deed poll, in the presence of Robert Wilson, Writer, in Edinburgh, and

page_text: this deponent, and that the names, John Murray and Adam Anderson,
appearing to be set and subscribed at the foot of the said deed poll as the
parties executing the same, and Geo. Wilson and Robert Wilson set and
subscribed to the said deed poll as witnesses attesting the due execution of
the same, are of the respective handwriting of the said John Murray, Adam
Anderson, Robert Wilson, and ths deponent, Geo. Wilson."
Sworn at Edinburgh, the Thirty-first day of January, One thousand eight
hundred and ten, before me, James Clerk, Baron of the Court of
Exchequer in Scotland.
Inrolled the Third day of February, in the year above written.