Improvements in Glass-cutters and Guides therefor.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application. 24th Oct.. 1893—Accepted, 25th Nov., '1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Glass-cutters and Guides therefor.
I, EDWARD WALSH, Junior, of No. 304 North Eighth Street, in the City of
St. Louis, State of Missouri, United States of America, Gentleman, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
In the drawings,
Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved cutter and guide in position on a
sheet of glass;
Figure 2 is a vertical longitudinal section through the cutter; and
Figure 3 is a side elevation of the same illustrating its adaptation to plain or
ordinarily surfaced glass;
Figure 4 is a detail of the wear plate;
Figure 5 is a cross-section of a modification.
My invention relates more particularly to a glass-cutter and guide for special
use on glass with an irregular or wavy surface, and consists, generally stated, in
yieldingly mounting the cutting wheel in the stock in such a way as to enable
it to absorb the vibration before it is communicated to the operator and, at the
same time, afford a quickly and positively spring-actuated cutting wheel, which
will, by its impellent tendency, enter all crevices, indentations, etc., over which it
passes, without the additional labor of the operator in twisting and turning which
is necessary to meet these conditions when using an ordinary cutter.
The guide consists in a head or stock, having extended therefrom two parallel
blades, preferably connected at their ends, as shown, between which blades, the
cutter finds a way and is guided in a straight line without effort on the part of
the operator save in the necessary draft required. This guide may be termed,
as in common parlance, "a slotted T-square."
In the drawings, A indicates the cutter stock, consisting, preferably, of a block
of wood, which, as shown, is in the form of an oblong, having its two lower corners
rounded to permit of its easily and readily surmounting the crowns or raised
portions of the undulating or irregular surface of the glass to which it is especially
applicable.
On the lower bearing surface of this stock, preferably flush with its face, is a
wear and guide-plate a, which is secured therein by screws, a', and is provided with
an opening for the passage of the cutting wheel and its supporting shank as will
hereinafter appear.
b
The stock A has formed therein, either by boring or other means, an opening B,
in which is mounted a shank or stem C which supports and carries the cutting
wheel D in its lower end.
Projecting laterally from the shank near its lower end are lugs or shoulders c
upon which a surrounding compression spring E finds a bearing, asserting, at all
times, a downward pressure thereon, and, consequently, normally forcing the
cutting wheel D to its outermost projected position.
This shank C is preferably angular in cross-section, and its upper end finds a
passage through a guide-plate & mounted on the upper side of the block A against
which plate the compression spring E also finds a bearing for its upper end.
Although I have shown the plate d as being secured to a flush plate e by the
pin fand the screw g, ! do not wish to be understood as confining myself to this
construction, as it is obvious that the guide-plate d may be secured directly on the
stock A, similar to the wearplate a if desired, or by slightly changing the con-
struction it may be entirely dispensed with, as shown in Figure 5.

page_text: In this modification, instead of the shank passing through the stock, as is shown
in Figures 2 and 3, it is received in a diametrically reduced opening forming an
extension of the compression spring opening B, while to maintain the proper
position of the cutting wheel D relative to the stock, I form an extension or boss
on the plate a which is provided with an angular opening for slidingly receiving
the shank. Also, in this instance, and in fact in the construction as illustrated in
Figures 2 and 3, I can taper the wheel supporting end of the shank, and mount
therein a cutting wheel whose diameter will permit of its easy passage into the
shank opening, which is necessary to entirely absorb the vibration when the cutting
wheel is forced up into the shank opening when passing over the crown or high
portion of the irregularities in the glass. This feature I accomplish in the con-
struction as shown in Figures 2 and 3, by forming longitudinally-extending
grooves in the plate a as shown in Figure into which the cutting wheel is
received.
In cutting glass, it is desirable that a guide be used, for the reason that the
following line is dispensed with and moreover it could not be seen when the
cutter is in position for use on glass with a plain surface as the bearing edge
of the stock would be on the surface of the glass and the cutting wheel D would
be forced up into the plate a, its bearing or cutting edge being flush with the
plane of the stock.
In complying with the requirements of this special form of cutter, I have found
that a slotted T-square will admirably answer the purpose, as the parallel sides of
the cutter stock fitting snugly in the T-square.slot will reduce the side play to a
minimum and insure a straight line disregarding any irregularities the glass sought
to be cut may have, which would, under ordinary circumstances, tend to throw the
cutting wheel off of a true line.
This guide consists of a head or stock 1, provided with wearing plates 2 on its
inner bearing surface, and has extending therefrom, a slotted blade 3, in this
instance formed by two pieces secured at their outer ends by a bolt 4 passing
therethrough, with an interposed spacing block 5 of the width of the slot. Of
course, the inner edges of these two pieces are parallel, and, should a single blade
be used, the slot therein will have parallel sides.
The advantages of this form of cutter are numerous. Among which I will
mention its adaptability to glass with an irregular surface where the cutting blade
will be quick and positive, running in and out of all cavities, indentations, etc., and
over the crowns, ridges, or raised portions with ease, and, at the same time, cutting
the whole surface in its path with a regular, even cut, without communicating any
of its vibration to its operator, which conditions, I believe, have never before been
met in any other form of cutter.
I do not wish, therefore, to be understood as confining myself to the exact
construction as herein set forth, as many minor changes may be made and sub-
stituted for those herein shown and described without in the least departing from
the nature and principle of my invention.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In a glass-cutter, the combination with the stock of a cutting blade mounted
therein, a shank or stem therefor provided with lateral projections, and a com-
pression spring surrounding said shank and bearing against said projection,
substantially as and for the purposes described.
2. In a glass-cutter, the combination with the cutting blade and its supporting
shank, of a wear and guide-plate through which the shank passes, said wear plate
adapted to receive the cutter blade when the same is forced up thereunto, and a
spring for forcing said cutting blade out, substantially as and for the purposes
described.
3. In a glass cutter, the combination with the stock having an extended glass

page_text: bearing surface with rounded corners, of a yielding cutter blade mounted therein,
substantially as described.
4. In a glass cutter, the combination with the stock of a cutting blade shank
mounted therein, being angular in cross-section, a cutting blade mounted in the
shank, a spring for forcing said shank and blade outward, and a guide-plate for
said shank formed with an angular opening, substantially as described.
5. The combination with a glass cutter, having parallel sides, of a T-square
having a slot in its blade in which the glass-cutter is received, substantially as and
for the purposes described.
جسم
1000
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
Chartered Patent Agent, London,
For the Applicant.