IMPROVEMENTS IN NUTNO WARNING AND OTHED SUPSTANCES
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Victor Emile Warmont, of Neuilly, Seine, in
the Empire of France, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
NUTNO WARNING AND OTHED SUPSTANCES
"
Sealed the 22nd February 1854, and dated the 22nd August 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Victor Emile War-
mont at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 22nd August 1858.
I, VICTOR EMILE WARMONT, of Neuilly, Scinc, in the Empire of
France, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN DYEING AND ORNAMENTING SKINS, FABRICS, AND OTHER SUB-
STANCES to be as follows:—
This Invention has for its object means of dyeing and ornamenting
skius and other substances with one or more colors, and causing the
skins, fabrics, or substances to be securely pressed between surfaces
when being subjected to heat and humidity. For this purpose the
skins or other substances are to be placed between surfaces which are
pressed towards each other; and supposing a skin or other substance
is desired to be dyed in parts with only one color and according to a
design, in such case those parts which arċ to be dyed would have
S

page_text: one of the pressing surfaces hollow at the parts where the dye is to
apply itself, whilst the other parts of the pressing surface where the
ye is not to be applied would so press on those parts of the skin or
substance as to prevent the dye getting to such parts; and in this
manner may several skins or substances, cach placed between pres-
sing surfaces, and all held together, be placed in a dye vat or vessel
and be dyed, the dye liquor being suitably heated, and then before
such skins or substances are released they may be immersed in
water and washed. When more than one color is to be applied, and in
the parts where the color is stopped out by pressure, other colors may
be placed on to the pressing surfaces before putting them in contact
with the skins or substances, so that the apparatus and' the skins or
substances are immersed in a dye vat or vessel; the heat and humidity
of the bath will not only cause the dye of the vat to act on the parts
not pressed on, but the other parts where pressure is applied will also
be dyed by the colors between such pressing surfaces; or, in place of
introducing the apparatus with the skins or substances into fluid, the
dyes may be applied to the skins or substances when held between the
pressing surfaces, the separate colors being kept apart by the pressing
surfaces and by divisions in the apparatus. And in some cases the
colors or dyes may be applied to one skin or substance, and another
placed thercon face to face, and the two pressed between surfaces, and
then subjected to heat and humidity, when both skins or substances
will be similarly dyed where dyes have been applied to one of them.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Victor Emile Warmont in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 22nd February 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
VICTOR EMILE WARMONT, of Neuilly, Seine, in the Empire of France,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the

page_text: seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cossors, give and grant unto me, the said Victor Emile Warmont,
Her special licence that I, the said Victor Emile Warmont, my ex-
ecutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Victor Emile Warmont, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING AND ORNAMENTING
SKINS, FABRICS, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Victor Emile Warmont, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Victor Emile Warmont, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof (that is to say):
This Invention has for its object means of dyeing and ornamenting
skins and other substances with one or more colors, and causing the
skins, fabrics, or substances to be securely pressed between surfaces
when being subjected to heat and humidity. For this purpose the
skins or other substances are to be placed between surfaces which
are pressed towards each other, and supposing a skin or other sub-
stance is desired to be dyed in parts with only one color, and according
to a design, in such case those parts which are to be dyed would have
one of the pressing surfaces hollow at the parts where the dye is to
apply itself, whilst the other parts of the pressing surface where the
dye is not to be applied would so press on those parts of the skin or
substance as to prevent the dye getting to such parts, and in this
manner may several skins or substances, each placed between pressing
surfaces, and all held together, be placed in a dye vat or vessel, and be
dyed, the dye liquor being suitably heated, and then before such skins

page_text: or substances are released they may be immersed in water and washed.
When more than one color is to be applied, and in the parts where the
color is stopped out by pressure, other colors may be placed on to the
pressing surfaces before putting them in contact with the skins or sub-
stances, so that the apparatus and the skins or substances are immersed
in a dye vat or vessel; the heat and humidity of the bath will not
only cause the dye of the vat to act on the parts not pressed on, but
the other parts where pressure is applied will also be dyed by the colors
between such pressing surfaces, or, in place of introducing the appa-
ratus with the skins or substances into fluid, the dics may be applied
to the skins or substances when held between the pressing surfaces, the
separate colors being kept apart by the pressing surfaces and by divi-
sions in the apparatus. And in some cases the colors or dyes may be
applied to one skin or substance, and another placed thereon face to
face, and the two pressed between surfaces, and then subjected to heat
and humidity, when both skins or substances will be similarly dyed
where dyes have been applied to one of them.
And in order that my said Invention may be most fully under-
stood, and readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the
means pursued by me.
The skin having been previously prepared for dyeing in the ordinary
manner, and mordanted according to the nature of the dye to which it
is to be subjected, is stretched and fastened with the wool upwards on a
flat board C, (Figure 1,) and over the skin is placed another board D,
(Figure 2), which is cut away in those parts which are to be operated
on by the dye, and which parts in Figure 2, are colored lighter than
the rest of the Figure; and when a sufficient number of skins are thus
placed between boards they are bound together by bars of oak A, and
iron rods and screws and nuts B, in the manner shown at Figures 4,
and 5, and between each set of boards a frame E, Figure 3, is placed;
this allows the dye liquid to get to both sides of the boards, and thus pre-
vents warping; and all these boards and frames are furnished with pegs
on their upper surfaces, and holes on their under surfaces, so as to pre-
vent them from sliding the one on the other. The bundle thus formed is
placed in the dye liquor, which is raised to the necessary temperature,
and is there kept for any length of time which may be considered neces-

page_text: sary. And I will here romark that when I wish to produce a pattern of
many colors, in addition to the dyed ground color, I do it by placing
the color on the raised parts of the board D, or, what is better, on the
skin itself, and in this case I generally place two skins face to face, and
thus obtain skins dyed with a right and left handed pattern. When
the frames containing the skins has remained in suflicient time in the
dye vat they are removed therefrom and washed with water; the
skins are then unpacked, and the colors are fixed by steaming in the
ordinary manner.
I would remark that although I have described my Invention as
applied to the dyeing of patterns on skins, it will be evident that it
is also applicable to the producing of patterns on fabrics and other
substances.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner
of performing the same, I would have it understood that I do not
confine myself to the exact details described; but what I claim is, the
manner herein described of producing patterns on skins, fabrics, and
other substances by dyeing, and also the producing patterns on skins,.
fabrics, and other substances by pressing them together with the
coloring matter between boards, and subjecting them to heat and
moisture.
In witness whereof, I, the said Victor Emile Warmont, have
hereunto set my hand and scal, this Seventeenth day of
February, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-four.
E. WARMONT. (L.S.)
Witness, T. BASSET.
(L.S.) THOMAS PICKFORD,
Her Britannic Majesty's Consul at Paris.