Separating Liquids of Two Different Densities.
Year: 1889

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by DR. GIACOMO MAFFEI, Reggio-Emilia, Italy.]'
Separating Liquids of Two Different Densities.
I, Sir BERNHARD SAMUELSON Bart. M.P. of Banbury in the County of Oxford
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The liquid to be separated enters through a cover into that part approximately of a
rotating vessel corresponding to the mean density of the two liquids. The lighter
liquid leaves the rotating vessel by one or more openings in the cover-these openings
are near the central zone of the rotating vessel. The heavier liquid leaves the vessel
at the opposite end, and nearest to the periphery passing into a double bottom forming
part of the rotating vessel and thence out of the central part of that double bottom, by
an opening which is capable of being regulated.
2000
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Separating Liquids of Two Different Densities.
I Sir BERNHARD SAMUELSON Bart. M.P. of Banbury in the County of Oxford
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by.
the following statement,
My.invention has for its object to provide an apparatus for separating liquids of dif-
ferent densities. The liquid to be separated enters through a cover into that part
approximately of a rotating vessel corresponding to the mean density of the two
liquids. The lighter liquid leaves the rotating vessel by one or more openings in the
cover, these openings are near the central zone of the rotating vessel. The heavier
liquid leaves the vessel at the opposite end and nearest to the periphery passing into a
double bottom forming part of the rotating vessel and thence out of the central part of
that double bottom by an opening which is capable of being regulated.
And in order that my.invention may be more clearly understood, I have illustrated
it in the accompanying drawings wherein Fig. 1 shows an elevation of the machine
partly in section Figs. 2 and 3. are views of the dividing wings which are placed
within the separating bowl Fig. 4 is a plan of the cover of the rotating bowl. Figs. 5
and 6 are a sectional elevation and a plan of an alternative cover through which the
liquid to be separated is a linitted, and the liquid of the lighter density flows away.
Fig. I consists of an external cylinder or casing E. E' and of the cover E which is
held down by screw cramps E which are fixed to the casing E. The lighter liquid for
instance cream, is collected between the cylinder E' and the cover E* and runs out by
an opening pp3. The heavy liquid, as for instance skimmed milk, leaves the external
cylinder at the bottom by an opening 63 st. There is also an opening in the bottom of
the external cylinder through which the shafts carrying the centrifugal bowl V passes,
this opening is partially closed by a collar N which slides upon the hollow spindle Ni
which is fixed to the bottom of the revolving bowl V.
The centrifugal apparatus consists of four parts-the cover M the bowl V a double
bottom S¹ by preference carrying pallets S. S.. shown in Figures 2 and 3 and the
shaft S which latter has a boss corresponding to a recess in the bottom of the
cylinder.
The top of the shaft is screwed, and by means of a nut d working on that screw, the
bowl and double bottom and cover, and the shaft are all firmly fixed, so that when put
in motion they all revolve together. The cover has an opening for receiving the milk

page_text: and for conducting it into the bow] V. This is shown in plan in Fig. 4. In
same Fig. p p are openings for the escape of the cream. The bottom of the shaft is
conical and works in a socket which is capable of being regulated to accommodate
itself to the conical end of the shaft.
The milk passes round or near the edge of the double bottom as shown by the arrow
in Fig. 1 into the space below and issues through an opening S which is regulated by
the regulator or stop R.'
In order that the machine may separate the liquids of two densities satisfactorily, it is
necessary that the outlet for the skimmed milk should not be further from the axis
than the outlet for the cream.
:
Any well known means may be employed for supporting the lower bearing of the
spindle in the outer casing or stand.
O shows a lubricating cup which may be also of any well known type. a. a. is a
driving band which runs round a pulley fixed to the lower end of the hollow sleeve N¹
which is fixed to the bottom of the bowl V.
Figs. 5 and 6 show the other method for covering the top of the bowl V and
for admitting the liquid to be separated, and also allowing the lighter portion of
same, as creain, to escape, and it consists of a cover C. C. which is a simple disc
with a circular opening A. A. which serves as a passage for the cream to escape into
the collecting part of the case E¹ E. The nut B is screwed to the top of the
spindle S and so fastens the cover &c. firmly down.
L is a cup formed on the top of the nut B into which the liquid to be separated is
poured, this cup carries four arms x. 2. which bear upon the top of the cover C. C.
and press this firmly against an elastic ring Y. Y which rests upon the top of the
bowl V and so inakes a tight joint.
At the bottom of the chainber Lare four tubes T T which serve to carry the liquid
to be separated to the outer zone or periphery of the bowl V. The cream passes freely
out of the annular space or opening A between the four arins x. x. x. x.
The regulation of the outflow of the skimmed milk or heavier portion of the
separated liquid is effected by the stop R which opens or closes a corresponding
hole S in the bottom of the bowl V as shown in Fig. 1 and in plan Fig. 3. This
regulator may be fixed by means of a screw to the collar N2 and raised or lowered
by this screw when the machine is at rest. But I prefer the plan of regulating shown
in the drawing in which a stop R is shown in Fig. 1 where N is a collar revolving
with the sleeve N' and sliding up and down upon same on the feather ffixed to the
sleeve N¹. The position of this collar N2 can be maintained upon the sleeve N' by
means of a spring, not shown in the drawing. Upon the lower end of this disc is
another small disc N³ and this collar N can be raised or lowered with the stop R by
means of a system of levers from the outside of the casing E at any desired point, for
opening and closing the hole in the bottom of the bowl V and so regulating the speeds
for the outflow of the skimmed milk.
The disc N2 projects sufficiently over the bottom of the casing E and is provided
with a lip in order to prevent the skimmed milk from finding its way into that part of
the casing E which contains the regulating apparatus the milk being thrown off the
surface of this disc N into the outer part of the casing, and so out through the
tube S³ St
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of iny said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1st. The peculiar construction of the cover through which the liquid enters the
separator bowl and as shown in Figs. 5 and 6.
"
1
2nd. The combination of the various devices in the construction of apparatus for
separating liquids of two different densities as shown and described.
Do this : L
1000
B. SAMUELSON.