Improvements in Treating Fume in Lead Works, applicable also to other Metallic Fumes, and to Coal Smoke.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Jan., 1895--Accepted, 23rd Mar., 1895
Improvements in Treating Fume in Lead Works, applicable also to
other Metallic Fumes, and to Coal Smoke.
I, JOHN WARWICK of No. 11 Ashfield Terrace, West, in the City and County of
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My invention consists in improvements in apparatus patented by me in
Patent No. 128618. The first part of my invention which I desire now to patent
is as follows:-
I introduce in connection with the syphon-flues described in that Patent, apparatus
of any convenient kind to operate as dry scrubbers.
Having regard to the degree of heat of the fume in different parts of the series.
of syphons I use suitable scrubber materials that is to say in the more highly
heated parts, I use burned clay or stone or metallic materials, and in the cooler
parts where such can be used with safety materials of wood, or of netted, woven or
felted fabrics of any convenient kind. I do not confine myself to the use of any
particular material in this scrubber arrangement in fact, an almost endless variety
of materials and forms are possible. I however arrange the material I adopt so as
to avoid such an accumulation of fume upon it as to seriously impede the furnace
draught I therefore prefer to fix the material in lines, as nearly vertical as may be,
so that the fume deposited thereon must by its own weight, after accumulation to a
certain degree fall clear off into the free spaces beneath. My plan of syphon-flues
enables me to apply to almost any desired extent this mode of arresting the solid
contents of furnace gases in the most efficient and economical manner and does not
require the use of water to wash the scrubbers. To prevent corrosion or waste of
the scrubber materials I may coat or cover any of them with protecting substances
such as Portland or other cements, Paris plaster, or silicate of soda mixed with
dry lead furne, sulphate of barytes, metallic oxides or such like substances.
The second part of my invention which I desire now to patent consists in a method
of cheapening the vertical syphon-flues without loss of efficiency. To economise cost
and afford extension of the syphon flues I use brick, stone, concrete, or wood, and
to economise space I erect the syphons in the form of a block, in order that both
sides of the interior walls, or divisions may be available as condensing or depositing
surfaces for the fume. In constructing a condensing plant I may use throughout
only one of the materials mentioned above or I may combine them all, and use iron
nearest the furnaces (according to my Patent of 1886) in order to more quickly
cool the gases and then extend the series using brick, stone or concrete, and then
for the last portion of fume, wood. I am thus enabled to deal with the heated
and cooled gases in the most efficient and economical manner whilst I still retain
the great advantage of the automatic draught, due to the principle described in my
former Patent referred to.
In addition to the improvements already enumerated and described, 1 may
introduce suction fans, partly to aid the draught, and partly to throw the gases
into more violent motion so as to cause the fine particles of fume by impact to
coalesce and become adherent to my scrubber or simply to fall by gravity,
or and also these condensers may be combined with chimney draught or forced
draught at the furnaces and they may be applied to any furnace producing fumes
of lead, antimony, arsenic, mercury or zinc or for arresting the solid contents of
coal smoke.

page_text: In the drawings hereto attached—
Fig. 1. is a ground plan of iron syphon flues, showing the brick walls upon which
they are fixed.
Fig. 2. is a section of the iron syphon-flues on the line A. A. in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3. is a front elevation of Figs. 1. and 2.
Fig. 4. is a ground plan of some sy phon-flues to be built of brick, stone or
concrete.
Fig. 5. is a section of Fig. 4. on the line B. B.
Fig. 6. is partly a front elevation, and partly a section on the lines C. C. of
Figs. 4. and 5.
Fig. 7. is a ground plan of the brick foundations of some syphon flues for the
cooler gases, in which the internal divisions are of wood.
Fig. 8. is a section through the line D. D. of Fig. 7.
Fig. 9. is partly a front elevation, and partly a section of Figs. 7. and 8. on the
lines E. E.
Fig. 10. is a vertical section of any of the up and down syphon-flues and shows
by the lines S. S. the position in which the scrubbers are to be fixed. K. K. are
the spaces into which the fume falls from the scrubbers where it remains until the
periodical cleaning out.
Fig. 11. is a horizontal section through the line F. F. of Fig. 10. and also shows
the position of the scrubbers by the lines S. S.
The number of flues to be filled with the scrubber materials, may vary, and will
depend on local requirements; and I have shown the scrubbers on separate figs.
(Figs. 10 and 11) to avoid complicating the other parts of the drawings.
In each of the drawings the direction of the gaseous current is shown by the
arrows..
Doors (marked G.) of iron or wood are to be placed under each alternate archway,.
and must be kept shut while the condenser is at work, but to be opened when the
deposited fume is being removed.
The top of the brick, stone or concrete block may be covered in various ways, but
I prefer to use cast iron plates, supported by the division walls and cast iron beams.
The portion with wood divisions, may be covered with wood.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. The use of scrubber appliances in combination with syphon-flues acting on
the principle described in my referred to Patent, substantially as described.
2nd. The extension of the series of syphon flues as already patented, by the use
of cheap material such as brick, stone, concrete or wood, to obtain increased efficiency
and economy substantially as described.
3rd. The use of fans in combination with syphon-flues partly in aid of the
automatic draught also to impart increased motion to the gases so as to cause
the fine particles thereof more effectually to separate from the gases substantially
as.described.
Dated this Twenty-fifth day of January 1895.
J. JAMESON,
Akenside Hill, Newcastle, Agent for Applicant.