Improvements in Lamps.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Apr., 1895-Accepted, 2nd Nov., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lamps.
I MAX ARENDT, Merchant, of 3 Kleist Street, Berlin, in the. Empire of
Germany, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to incandescent lamps fed with easily evaporating liquid
combustibles such as spirits, petroleum, benzoline and the like and consists essentially
of an ordinary reservoir for containing the supply of liquid but having instead of
the ordinary burner, a device for the conversion of the liquid into gas.
This device, serving for the conversion of the liquid into a gas by means of a
small continually burning flame, is so constructed that the gas produced mixes with
atmospheric air, this mixture being then conducted to a Bunsen burner.
The said
Bunsen burner being lighted causes' a mantle or hood of solid material to glow
when put over its flame which body may be similar to those used in gas lighting.
In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows an elevation of a complete incandescent lamp constructed according
to this invention:
Figs. 2 and 3 are vertical sections of the arrangement for the conversion of the
liquid into gas (these. sections being taken on rectangular planes), and Fig. 4
represents a horizontal section of that arrangement..
A lamp constructed according to this invention comprises a standard a supporting
a reservoir b for containing the liquid combustible, a device c for converting the
liquid into gas, the Bunsen burner d and the mantle or hood-like body e, the latter
being surrounded by a chimney fand globe g.
The chief novelty in this lamp is the arrangement for the reduction of the liquid
into gas.
In the reservoir for the liquid a cylindrical case is introduced and secured by
screwing its upper part into a socket 6 of the reservoir.b. Inside the case three
wick tubes ii and are arranged in such a manner that they communicate freely
with the liquid at the otherwise closed bottom h³ of the case h.
flame m.
The middle wick tube k is provided at its upper part with a wick screw land
serves, when the lamp is used, for the permanent maintenance of a small secondary
The two wick tubes i one on each side of the middle tube k are
connected together over this little flame by a small short pipe n, which carries a
small upright tube o. Above the top parts of the tubes and k which project
beyond the case h is a covering p screwed on a flange like ring of said case h.
The upper part of the covering p shows a central circular hole through which the
upright tube o passes. At its circumference the covering p is provided with
apertures or slots p¹. These apertures pl fulfil three different offices: they facilitate
in the first instance the lighting of the small flame m; they serve secondly for the
passage of the air, which feeds said flame m; and thirdly they allow the fresh air
to pass into the lamp for cooling the interior of the case h.
On the upright tube o is screwed the well known Bunsen-burner d over which
the other parts e f g of the lamp are disposed in the usual manner.
When the lamp is used, it is necessary to first light the little flame m by means
of matches which can be easily put through the apertures pl of the covering p.
The flame m now causes the small conuecting pipe n and the tubes i i to be heated.
Thus the liquid being constantly sucked upwards by the wicks is converted into

page_text: gas which then passes through pipe n and the upright tube o into the Bungen-
burner d where it is mixed with atmospheric air. From here this compound of gas
and air makes its exit at the top of said burner d. About half a minute after
lighting the little flame m gas is already produced in such a quantity, that the main
flame may be lighted by holding an ignited match over the chimney fin doing which
the mantle or hood.e begins at once to glow.
The beginning of the conversion of the liquid into gas takes place so rapidly
that it is possible with but little practice, to light both the flames with one and the
same match.
The advantages of the hereinbefore described arrangement for the conversion of
the liquid into gas are as follows:
Simplicity of device;
Economy in the use of combustibles ;
Sufficient and regular production of gas; and finally
A perfect guarantee against the danger of explosion.
The last named advantage is the consequence of the continuous exposure of the
heated parts of metal to the influence of atmospheric air which penetrates easily
through the apertures pl.
This lamp burns with a bright and steady flame and has the same light power as
the incandescent ĝas lamps.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
An incandescent lamp for burning liquid combustibles consisting of a wick case h
inserted in the reservoir and projecting outside it, closed at its lower end and
enclosing wick tubes with connecting pipe n and outlet o combined with a small
secondary burner in a central tube all arranged in such a manner that the liquid
sucked up by the wicks is readily converted into gas which passes through the
upright tube o and is conducted to an incandescent gas burner which is disposed
over this tube (o) substantially as described.
Dated this 23rd day of April 1895.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.