IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMP LANTHORNS, AND IN THE LENSES USED THEREIN, THE SAME BEING ALSO APPLICABLE TO LIGHTHOUSES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Young, of Grangemouth, in the County
of Stirling, North Britain, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LAMP LANTHORNS, AND IN THE LENSES USED THEREIN, THE SAME BEING ALSO
APPLICABLE TO LIGHTHOUSES."
Scaled the 15th July 1873, and dated the 29th January 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Young at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th January 1873.
I, GEORGE YOUNG, of Grangemouth, in the County of Stirling, North
Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of " IM-
PROVEMENTS IN LAMP LANTHORNS, AND IN THE LENSES USED THEREIN, THE SAME
BEING ALSO APPLICABLE TO LIGHTHOUSES," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention, which relates to improvements in lanthorns used for
containing oil lamps or gas burners, such for example as those used for
ship and harbour lights, railway signal, train, and hand lamps, being
also applicable to lighthouses, has for its object in the first place to
produce a regular supply of fresh air to the burner. This object is
effected by placing a tube immediately over the burner, through which
the heated burnt gases arising therefrom escape. This tube rises above

page_text: SPECIFICATION filed in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, filed by the said George Young in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 24th July 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
YOUNG, of Grangemouth, in tho County of Stirling, North Britain, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the 36th
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her licirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said George Young, ler special license that I,
the said George Young, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said George Young, my exccutors, adminis-
trators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel

page_text: Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMP
LANTHORNS, AND IN THE LENSES USED THEREIN, THE SAME BEING ALSO APPLICABLE TO
LIGHTHOUSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said George
Young, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Young, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings and to the lettors and figures marked thercon, that is to say :-
My said Invention, which relates to improvements in lanthorns used
for containing oil lamps or gas burners, such for example as those used
for ship and harbour lights, railway signals, train, and hand lamps, being
also applicable to lighthouses, has for its object in the first place to
produce a regular supply of fresh air to the burner; and, secondly, to
enable the lenses used in the glasses of lanthorns herein-before described
and in lighthouses to diffuse the light of the burner more effectually than
hitherto.
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood
I now proceed more particularly to set forth the system, mode, or
manner in or under which the same is or may be used or practically
carried into effect, that is to say :-
On the Sheet of Drawings hereunto appended Figure 1 is a front
elevation, and Figure 2 a vertical section of a lamp lanthorn constructed
in accordance with my said Invention; Figure 3 is a horizontal section
of the lanthorn on the line a, b, Figure 2.
In order to produce a regular supply of fresh air to the burner A of
the lamp a tube B is placed immediately over the burner, through which
the heated burned gases arising from the burner escape upwards, and
thence through the top of the lanthorn, as indicated by the dotted arrows
at Figure 2. The tube B rises above a double annular opening C, sur-
rounding the upper part of the tube, as shewn; and by the drawing
action of the heated currents the fresh air is drawn in, as shewn by the
arrows on Figures 1 and 2, and supplied to the burner A.

page_text: In order to diffuse the light of the burner more effectually than in
lanthorns as hitherto constructed, or in lighthouses, the inner or outer
surface, or both the inner and outer surfaces of the lens is or are dimmed
or obscured, as indicated at D, Figure 1 of the Drawings.
The lenses may be made of semi-transparent or translucent pot metal, ||
which may be obscured or not, or they may be made of clear glass, and
the obscuration produced by a piece of obscure glass or semi-transparent
or translucent glass, placed at the front or back of the lens, or the lenses
may be made of cased glass, and obscured.
In cases where a coloured light is required this may be produced by
placing a piece of glass of the required colour, and which may be
obscured or not, as desired, either at the back or front of the lens.
When the said piece of glass is obscured the lens is made clear, and vice
versa, or the coloured light may be produced by colouring the glass of
which the lens itself is composed.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the system, mode, or manner in or under which the
same is or may be used or practically carried into effect, I would observe
in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original and therefore
claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent is,―
First. Constructing lanthorns used for containing oil lamps and gas
burners with a tube placed immediately over the burner, as and for tho
purpose herein-before described and shewn on the appended Drawings.
Second. Dimming or obscuring lighthouse and lanthorn lenses by the
means and for the purpose herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Young, have hereunto set
my hand and scal, this Twenty-third day of July One thousand