IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR BREAKING OR REDUCING STONES AND OTHER HARD AND BRITTLE SUBSTANCES, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Dalton, of Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR BREAKING OR REDUCING STONES AND OTHER HARD AND
BRITTLE SUBSTANCES, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE
TO OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES."
Sealed the 21st December 1877, and dated the 6th November 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Dalton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th November 1877.
GEORGE DALTON, of Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer. “IMPROVEMENTS
IN AND CONNECTED WITH MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR BREAKING OR REDUCING
STONES. AND OTHER HARD AND BRITTLE SUBSTANCES, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVE-
MENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES."
My Invention relates to further improvements in the machinery or apparatus
known as Blake's improved stone-breaking machines, and it consists,-
1st. Of improvements in machines of that class in which the lever or rod for
operating the movable jaw, through the intervention of the toggles, is worked by
an eccentric.
2ndly. Of an improved mode of combining with the machine an engine for
actuating, the same.
3rdly. Of a peculiar construction and arrangement of the eccentric rod whereby
increased facility is afforded for varying the throw of the toggles in order to adjust
the space or distance between the jaws when closed to suit the requisite degree of
reduction of the substance to be operated upon.
4thly. Of an improved arrangement of toggle.
5thly. Of an improved throttle, or stopping and starting valve, which is especially
adapted for engines used for actuating stone-breaking machines, but which is also
applicable to engines employed for other purposes.
According to the first part of my Invention, I employ a triplex eccentric, and
divide the connecting rod into two parts, one part being acted upon by two of the

page_text: eccentrics and the other part by the other eccentric in such a manner that when
one part of the connecting rod is in its elevated position, the other part will be
depressed, and vice versa, the whole being however so arranged and combined that
both parts act simultaneously, by means of their respective toggles, upon the
undivided moveable jaw in a similar manner to the ordinary rod operated by a
single eccentric. By means of this arrangement, an equilibriating action is obtained
whereby the liability to the fracture of the shaft, which frequently takes place in
machines of this class worked by a single throw eccentric, is entirely obviated.
In carrying out the second part of my Invention, I place the engine for actuating
the machine upon the side thereof, and mount the crank on one side of its shaft,
the other side being thus left free for the reception of a pulley for driving any other
kind of machinery.
According to the 3rd part of my Invention, I construct the connecting rod proper
(which I produce by forging or otherwise) in the form of a rod, bifurcated at one
extremity for the reception of the bearings of the eccentric which are secured by
gibs and cottars, and on the opposite end. of the rod I fit a block, by preference, cast
for the reception of the ends of the toggles. This toggle block. is arranged so as to
be capable of being moved along the rod as required, and is adjusted and retained
in position by means of a nut fitted on the end of the rod, which is screw-threaded
for its reception, the nut being formed or fitted with a worm wheel operated by a
worm carrier by the toggle block, whereby the required adjusting motion is obtained,
or, if preferred, keys may be employed in substitution for the worm and worm
wheel for turning the nuts. It is proposed to fit 2 or more rods to a single toggle
block, and the- eccentrics may be formed with crank discs for the reception of a
common crank pin or otherwise; or in the case of a combined engine and breaker,
the crank discs may be made separate from the eccentrics and attached thereto by
pins, which may be readily withdrawn when it is required to apply the motive
power of the engine to other purposes. By means of this part of my Invention, I
am enabled, by moving the toggle block along its rod or rods, to increase the throw
of the toggles, and thus vary the gauge of the jaws to suit the required degree of
reduction of the substance to be operated upon.
The fourth part of my-Invention consists in constructing the heads of the toggles
of a concave shape, and the portions of the moveable jaw rocking lever or eccentric
rod and the frame or attachments thereto to which they are fitted, of a spherical
or convex form, in such a manner that the heads of the toggles shall partially
embrace or surround the said portions, with which they work in contact in lieu of
their entering the same, as in the ordinary method; or I make both the toggle and
the toggle creases of a concave form, and interpose between them round bars of iron
or steel which may be readily renewed when worn.
5thly. My improved throttle valve or stopping and starting valve consists of a
tube fitted in a tubular casing, both provided with apertures in their sides, and so
arranged that, by raising or lowering the tube, the apertures in the casing will be
either intercepted by the solid parts of the tube or caused to coincide to a greater
or less extent with the apertures in the tube, whereby the steam will be cut off or
admitted and its supply regulated, as the case may be. By means of this arrange.
ment the working parts are entirely relieved from pressure, the steam acting equally
all round, whilst a high degree of sensitiveness is obtained, as a slight lift or
movement of the valve only is necessary for the admission of the full supply of
steam.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Dalton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th May
1878.
'
GEORGE DALTON, of Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN AND CONNECTED WITH MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR BREAKING OR REDUCING
STONES AND OTHER HARD AND BRITTLE SUBSTANCES, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVE-
MENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES."
My said Invention relates to further improvements in the machinery or apparatus
known as Blake's improved stone-breaking machines, and it consists,―
First. Of improvements in machines of that class in which the lever or rod for
operating the moveable jaw, through the intervention of the toggles, is worked by
an eccentric.
Second. Of a peculiar construction and arrangement of the eccentric rod, whereby
increased facility is afforded for varying the throw of the toggles in order to adjust
the space or distance between the jaws when closed to suit the requisite degree of
reduction of the substance to be operated upon.
Third. Of improved constructions and arrangements of toggles.
Fourth. Of an improved throttle or stopping and starting valve, which is especially
adapted for engines used for actuating stone-breaking machines, but is also applicable
to engines employed for other purposes.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood, I shall now pro-
ceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall refer to the
several Figures on the annexed Sheet of Drawings, the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the Figures.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings represents a half transverse section and
half sectional elevation of a machine having applied thereto the improvement which
forms the subject of the first part of my said Invention, the sections being taken
along the lines 1-2 and 3-4 respectively (Figure 2), and Figure 2 is a longitudinal
sectional elevation of a portion of the same, corresponding to Figure 1.
Figures 3 and 4 represent respectively transverse and longitudinal sectional
elevations of an eccentric rod and its appurtenances constructed and arranged
according to the second part of my said Invention.
Figure 5 is a similar view to Figure 4, shewing a convenient mode of attaching
the eccentrics to the shaft so as to admit of their being readily disconnected there-
from at will.
Figure 6 is a sectional elevation illustrating the improved construction and
arrangement of toggle according to one modification of the third part of my said
Invention, and Figure 7 is a similar view illustrating another modification of the
same.
Figure 8 represents a longitudinal section of a throttle or stopping and starting
valve constructed according to the fourth part of my said Invention, and Figure 9
is a horizontal section of the same.
Figures 10 and 11 are similar views to Figures 8 and 9, illustrating another
modification of throttle or stopping and starting valve.
°
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, I employ a triplex eccentric, the three parts being
marked respectively A, A, A', and I divide the connecting rod into three parts B,
B, B1, which are acted upon by the three respective parts of the eccentric, the two
parts A, A, of the eccentric, and those B, B, of the rod working in unison and forming
practically one eccentric and rod, whilst the other, B', of the rod is acted upon by
the other eccentric (A'). The eccentrics A are formed upon the shaft C in such a
position relatively to the eccentric A¹, that when the connecting rods B are in their
elevated position, the rod B¹ will be depressed as shewn in the Drawings, and vice
versa, the whole being, however, so arranged and combined, that both parts act
simultaneously by means of their respective toggles D, D¹, upon the undivided

page_text: moveable jaw E, in a similar manner to the ordinary rod operated by a single
eccentric. By means of this arrangement an equilibriating action is obtained, whereby
the liability to the fracture of the shaft C, which frequently takes place in machines.
of this class worked by a single throw, eccentric is entirely obviated.
I prefer to place the engine for actuating the machine upon the side thereof, as
shewn at 7, and to mount the crank on one side of its shaft C, the outside being
thus left free for the reception of a pulley for driving any other kind of
machinery, as described in the Specification to certain former Letters Patent granted
to me, dated the Fourth July, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven, No.
2568.
The second part of my said Invention which relates to the construction and
arrangement of the eccentric rod is illustrated by Figures 3, 4, and 5 of my Drawings.
B is the eccentric rod which I produce by forging or otherwise, and construct in the
form of a rod bifurcated at its upper extremity, as shewn at a, for the reception of
the bearings b of the eccentric which are secured by gibs and collars c, and on the
opposite end of the rod I fit a block G (by preference cast) for the reception of the
ends of the toggles D. This toggle block G is arranged so as to be capable of being
moved along the rod B as required, and is adjusted and retained in position
by means of a nut d fitted on the end of the rod which is screw-threaded for
its reception, the nut being formed or fitted with a worm wheel H operated
by a worm I carried by the toggle block G, whereby the required adjusting
motion is obtained, or if preferable, keys may be employed in substitution for.
the worm and worm wheel for turning the nuts.
It is preferred to fit two rods B, as shewn, to a single toggle block G, or a greater
number than two rods may be fitted to a single block, if desired, and the eccentrics A
may be formed with crank discs e, e, for the reception of a common crank pin f, as
shewn in Figures 3 and 4, or otherwise; or in the case of a combined engine and
breaker, the crank discs e, e, may be made separate from the eccentrics A, A,
(see Figure 5) and attached thereto by pins g passing through the bosses of the
eccentrics and the divided shaft C on which the crank discs are fast, the pins
being withdrawn when it is required to apply the motive power of the engine to
other purposes. By means of this part of my said Invention I am enabled by moving
the toggle block along its rod or rods, to increase or diminish the throw of the
toggles, and thus vary the gauge of the jaws to suit the required degree of reduction
of the substance to be operated upon.
The third part of my said Invention, which is illustrated by Figures 6 and 7,
relates to improved construction and arrangement of toggles.
Referring to Figure 6, I construct the heads h of the toggle D of a concave shape,
and I form on or attach to the moveable jaw E the rocking lever or eccentric rod B
and the frame K, portions i of a spherical or convex form in such a manner that
the heads h of the toggles shall partially embrace or surround the said portions with
which they work in contact in lieu of their entering the same as in the ordinary
method.
According to the modification illustrated by Figures 7, I make both the
heads of the toggles D, and the toggle creases h¹ of a concave form, and interpose
between them round bars of iron or steel which may be readily renewed when
worn.
The last part of my said Invention relates to an improved throttle valve or stopping
and starting valve, two modifications of which are shewn in Figures 8 and 9, and
Figures 10 and 11, respectively of my Drawings.
L is the valve box or casing provided with an inlet k, and an outlet 1 for the fluid,
say steam, for example, in which valve box or casing is formed or secured a tube m,
having fitted therein a tube n, both provided with apertures op, respectively in their
sides, and so arranged that by operating the tube n which forms the valve proper, the.
apertures o in the tube m will be either intercepted by the solid parts p¹ of the
tube n, or caused to coincide to a greater or less extent with the apertures p,.

page_text: whereby the steam will be cut off or admitted, and its supply regulated as the case
may be.
The valve n which is provided with a stem or spindle q, is in the modifi-
cation, Figures 8 and 9, actuated with a vertical or longitudinal sliding motion,
and in the modification, Figures 10 and 11, with a partial rotary motion, the
latter being reciprocating, or in one uniform direction, as desired. The respective
motions are obtained in the case of the modification, Figures 8 and 9, by the aid of
a lever M mounted on a centre or fulcrum at r, and engaging with the stem or
spindle q,
and in the case of the modification, Figures 10 and 11, by means of a
lever handle M₁, as will be well understood.
In Figures 8 and 9 the valve is represented as open, and in Figures 10 and 11, in
its closed position. By means of this arrangement of valve, the working parts are
entirely relieved from pressure, the steam acting equally all round, whilst a high
degree of sensitiveness is obtained, as a slight lift or movement of the valve only is
necessary for the admission of the full supply of steam.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried' into effect, I would
observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original, and therefore
claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters
Patent, is,―
First. The employment of multiple eccentrics and eccentric rods in combination
with an undivided movable jaw, substantially as and for the purpose herein-before
described.
Secondly. The peculiar eccentric rod or rods in combination with an adjustable
toggle block, substantially as and for the purpose herein-before described.
Thirdly. The employment of toggles constructed and arranged substantially in
the manner herein-before described and illustrated by Figures 6 and 7 of the accom-
panying Drawings.
Fourthly. Constructing throttle valves, or stopping and starting valves, substan-
tially in the manner herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Dalton, have to this my Specifica-
tion set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of April, One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-eight.
GEORGE DALTON. (L.S.)