IMPROVEMENTS: IN PUMPS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS: IN PUMPS."-A communication from abroad
by Calvin Woodward and George Mills Woodward, both of New York,
United States of America.
Sealed the 8th April 1862, and dated the 4th December 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
; the 4th December 1861.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON; of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS,"- to, be, as
follows:-
This Invention consists in an improved mode of applying to pumps.
the kind
of valves known as flap or clack valves, which affords great facility for their
introduction, removal, repair, replacement, and removal. The body of the
pump is bored, longitudinally to form the cylinder, and is also bored through
transversely above and below the cylinder to form four cylindrical valve

page_text: chambers; two below the cylinder for the reception of the two inlet valves,
and two above the cylinder for the reception of the two outlet valves. These
valve chambers communicate with the interior of the cylinder by means of
suitable ports. The lower valve chambers also. communicate by means of
other ports with the inlet or suction pipe, and the upper valve chambers com-
municate by means of similar ports with the discharge pipe. Each chamber,
when the body of the pump is made of cast iron, is fitted with a cylindrical
bushing of brass or other composition metal, in which there are provided slots
to. correspond with the ports. The interior surfaces of the bushings constitute
the valve seats. The valves are of the form of a sector or segment of a
hollow cylinder, the outer are of which corresponds with the circle of the
interior of the bushing, and each of these valves has close to one edge two
journals, one at each end, and these journals fit in bearings provided for their
reception in caps which cover and close the ends of the valve chambers. The
two caps of each chamber are connected by a screw bolt, which extends
entirely through the chamber and through both caps, and which is fitted with
a nut at each end, or is provided with a head at one end and fitted-with-a nut
at the other to secure the caps in place. The caps are of cast iron, and there
is inserted across the centre of its inner face, in a dovetail groove, a piece of
brass or composition.metal which has a bearing provided in each end, so that
when one bearing is worn out the piece may be removed and replaced- in an
inverted position to bring the-other bearing in the requisite position for the
reception of a valve journal. The valves operate like ordinary flap valves,
and the operation of the pumps fitted with such valves is precisely similar to
that of other pumps.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Eetters Patent, filed
by the said William Edward Newton in the Great, Seal, Patent, Office
on the 3rd, June 1862...
-TO-ALL-TO-WHOM THESE PRESENTS_SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself; Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the

page_text: said William Edward Newton, Her special license that I, the said William
Edward Newton, my exécutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as.
J; the said William Edward Newton; my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time' agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and 'lawfully
might make; use, exercise, and. vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of. Man, an Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS," being a conimunication from abroad, upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Edward Newton; by an
instrument in writing under my-hand and seal, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent:
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same, is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
"
This Invention consists in an improved-mode of applying to' pumps the kind
of valves known as flap, or clack valves, which affords great facility for; their
introduction, repair, replacement, and removal.
In the accompanying Drawings, Eig. 1 is a section of the cylinder and
valves of a double-acting pump, taken longitudinally and centrally through the
cylinder; Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the same in the line a, a, of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is an inside face view of one of the moveable caps of the valve
chambers, drawn on a larger scale than Figs. 1 and 2; Fig. 4 is a side view
of the same; Fig. 5 is a central section of the same. Similar letters of
reference indicate corresponding parts in the several Figures:
:
The body A of the pump is bored longitudinally to form the cylinder B, and
is also bored through transversely above and below the cylinder to form the
four cylindrical valve chambers C, C, C, C; two below the cylinder for the
reception of the two inlet valves D, D, and two above the cylinder for
the reception of the two outlet valves E, E. These valve chambers com
municate with the interior of the cylinder B by means of suitable ports'a, a.
The lower valve chambers also communicate by means of other ports b,b,
with the inlet or suction pipe, and the upper valvo chambers communicate, by
means of similar ports c, c, with the discharge pipe. Each chamber C, when

page_text: the body A of the pump is made of cast iron, is fitted with a cylindrical
bushing of brass or other composition metal; in which there are provided
slots to correspond with the ports a, a, b, b, and c, c. The interior surfaces.
of the bushings d, d, constitute the valve seats. The valves D, D, and E, E,
are of the form of a sector or segment of a hollow cylinder, the outer arc of
which corresponds with the circle of the interior of the bushing d of its.
respective valve chamber, and each of these valves has close to one edge two
journals e, e, one at each end, and these journals fit in bearings f, f, provided
for their reception in caps G, G, which cover and close the ends of the valve
chambers C, C. The two caps of each chamber are connected by a screw
bolt H, which extends entirely through the chamber and through both caps;
and which is fitted with a nut at each end, or is provided with a head at one
end and fitted with a nut at the other, to secure the caps in place. The caps
G, G, are represented in the Drawing to be of cast iron, and there is inserted
in each cap G, across the centre of the inner face, in a dovetail groove, a piece
of brass or composition metal g, which has a bearing f provided in each end,
so that when one bearing is worn out the piece g may be removed and
replaced in an inverted position to bring the other bearing in the requisité
position for the reception of a valve journal. The valves D, D, and E, E,
operate like ordinary flap valves, and the operation of the pump fitted with
such valves is precisely similar to that of other pumps.
The advantages of this mode- of applying the valves are as follows:-1st,
great facility is afforded for fitting the valves, their faces being turned in a
lathe 2nd, great convenience of access to the valves and seats is afforded;
the removal of the nut at one end of the bolt H permitting the removal of
both caps G, G; 3rd, the bolts H, H, besides serving to confine the caps and
valve bearings in place, serve as stops to the valves to prevent them from
opening further than is necessary.
Having now described the Invention of improvements in pumps, as com-
municated to me by my foreign correspondent, and having explained the
manner of carrying the same into effect, I claim as the Invention secured
to me by Letters Patent, as aforesaid, the mode herein set forth-of-con-
structing and arranging the valves of pumps. I claim particularly, in
combination with the valves, the caps G, G, and bolts H, H; the caps serving
to close the ends of the valve chambers, and containing the bearings for the
valve journals, and the bolts serving to secure the caps and act as stops for
the valves, as herein set forth. I also claim fitting the caps G, G, of the
valve chambers with transversely arranged pieces of brass or composition

page_text: metal g, g, containing each two bearings f, f, as and for the purpose herein
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said. William Edward Newton, have
hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Second day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one..
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane..
W. E. NEWTON. (L.S.)