Improvements in Looms for Weaving Looped Pile Fabrics.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Jan., 1995
Complete Specification Left, 14th Nov., 1895-Accepted, 11th Jan. 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms for Weaving Looped Pile Fabrics.
We, GEORGE HENRY SARGENT and RICHARD HENRY COUPE, both of Victoria
Mills, Bingley, in the County of York, Manufacturers, and BENJAMIN WALKER,
of 75, Ferncliffe, Bingley, aforesaid, Buyer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in that type of looms for weaving looped
pile fabrics in which the warp threads requiring to be looped are raised above the
others and are engaged by a "comb" or a series of hooks brought into position for
that purpose.
For this purpose we employ a comb the hooks of which are pointed below so as
to readily pass down between the warp threads, and the hook part is turned up and
more or less twisted or inclined so as to be out of line with the comb and the
extremity extends to or beyond the shank of the next book. By this formation the
books are readily passed below the warp and there is no fear of them failing to
engage the whole of the warp threads required.
The comb is mounted on curved arms which may be attached to a rocking shaft
carried by brackets fixed to the side frames. In addition to the rocking motion of
this shaft it is preferably moved longitudinally each time the comb is vibrated
to facilitate the hooks engaging the pile warp and also disengaging the loops
when formed. The rocking motion may be imparted to the said shaft by means of
a lever thereon connected to a crank pin on a short shaft intermittently driven by
means of a segment wheel on the tappet barrel. The longitudinal motion may
be imparted to said shaft by means of a vibrating fork engaging an annular groove
formed in a boss on the shaft. The said vibrating fork may be operated by the
short shaft imparting the rocking motion to the rocking shaft.
In order to form certain weaves or designs the loom may be arranged to give a
"false" pick at suitable intervals that is to say it may be made to give two picks
in succession at one end the second pick being made when the shuttle is in the
opposite box.
To keep the tension of the pile warp uniform whilst the shed is opened or closed
we employ a rocking bar between the healds and the let-off motion." This rocking
bar carries one or more parallel bars. The pile warp is threaded round and
between these bars and they are operated in such a manner that when the shed
closes and the warp would otherwise be slack the bars lift or bend the warp out of
line to keep the tension constant.
The rocking bar may be operated by an arm engaging a tappet on the crank
shaft.
Dated this 12th day of January 1895.
DRACUP & NOWELL,
Bradford, Agents.

page_text: Improvements in Looms for Weaving Looped Pile Fabrics.
We, GEORGE HENRY SARGENT, and RICHARD HENRY COUPE, both of Victoria
Mills, Bingley, in the County of York, Manufacturers, and BENJAMIN WALKER,
of 75, Ferncliffe, Bingley, aforesaid, Buyer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in that type of loom for weaving looped
pile fabrics in which the warp threads requiring to be looped are raised above
the others and are engaged by a
" comb or a series of hooks brought into
position for that purpose.
We employ a comb the hooks of which are pointed below so as to readily
pass down between the warp threads, and the hook part is turned up and more
or less twisted or inclined so as to be out of line with the comb and the extremity
extends to or beyond the shank of the next book. By this formation the hooks
are readily passed below the warp and there is no fear of them failing to engage
the whole of the warp threads required.
In the accompanying sheets of drawings forming a part of this Specification
Figure 1, represents a side view of such parts of a loom as are necessary to
illustrate the application of our improvements.
Figure 2, represents a front elevation of the same.
Figure 3, represents a plan view of the same.
Figures 4 to 8 represent views of detail hereinafter referred to.
The comb A is mounted on the curved arms A 2 and A 3 and A 3 projecting
from the rocking shaft A 4 mounted in bearings A5 formed in the brackets B
and B 3 fixed to the front rail or breast beam i. The arm A 2 has an extension A 6
at the back connected by the rod C to the crank pin C2 of the crank C 3 fixed on
the inner end of the short shaft C4 mounted in bearings B4 formed in the side
frame B2. The short shaft C4 is intermittently operated by the segment
wheel C5 on the tappet shaft provided with two sets of teeth C6, C6 diametrically
opposite each other which alternately engage the spur wheel C7 on the shaft C4
and impart a complete revolution thereto. In order to prevent the shaft C4 from
being turned more than a complete revolution the disc D is fixed on said shaft and
has a crescent shaped depression D2 in its periphery arranged to engage the
antifriction roller D3 at the end of each revolution. A separate view of this disc
and antifriction roller is represented by Figure 4 in the position they occupy when
the shaft C4 is turned half way round or diametrically opposite to the position
shown in the other figures. The antifriction roller D 3 revolves upon the stud D4
projecting from the arm D5 mounted on the stud D 6 fixed in the side frame B2
and the free end of this arm is supported by the spiral spring D7 attached to the
hook D 8 secured to the side frame B 2.
At each revolution of the crank C 3 a rocking motion is imparted to the shaft A 4
which moves the comb A. towards the reed Z until the hooks a (shown on a larger
scale in Figure 5; 5(a represents a cross section of Figure 5 and 56 represents a
horizontal section on the line w, a Figure 5) are passed through the pile warp E
which is at that time raised for the purpose of being engaged by the said hooks
as shown by the separate cross sectional view Figure 6. When the hooks begin
to move in this way a slight longitudinal movement is also imparted to the
shaft A 4 in the direction of the arrow Figure 2 and whilst the pile warp is
above the hooks the latter are returned to the position shown in Figure 1 and
at the commencement of the return movement the comb is moved bodily in the
reverse direction to the above mentioned arrow shown in Figure 2 which longi-
tudinal movement insures all the pile warp threads (at that time raised) being

page_text: retained by the hooks. The shedding mechanism now lowers these pile warp
threads and the weft is introduced to bind the looped warp into the foundation
of the fabric. Then when the next loops are required to be formed the comb
is again moved towards the reed Z and as it commences to move the longitudinal
movement of the shaft A4 again moves the hooks laterally and this lateral
movement disengages them from the loops previously formed. The peculiar
formation of the hooks greatly facilitates the loops being disengaged therefrom.
The longitudinal movement is imparted to the shaft A4 by the vibrating fork F
having projections F 2 engaging the annular groove F 3 formed in the collar F4
fixed on the shaft A. 4. The fork F is mounted on the cross shaft F5 mounted in
brackets F6 and F7 respectively secured to the top cross rail A7 and the
bracket B. The shaft F 5 is rocked or operated as required by means of the cam
or eccentric C8 on the short shaft C 4 engaging the antifriction roller f6 carried
by the arm mounted on the stud B6 fixed in the side frame B2. And the arm f
is connected by the rod F 8 to the arm F 9 rigidly secured to the shaft F 5.
Figure 7, represents a separate side view of certain parts of the mechanism
operating the shaft A 4, and Figure 8, is a front view of the same.
The pile warp is mounted on the warp beams G and G 2 and is let off in any
convenient manner. In the arrangement shown the warp is let off from these
beams by means of the let off rollers G 3 and G 4 operated by the ratchet wheels G 5
and G6 secured to their arbors and actuated by pawls G7 and G8 respectively
pivoted on the levers H and H 2 loosely mounted on the arbors G9 of the rollers G 3
and G 4. The levers H and H 2 are vibrated by means of the cam H 4 engaging
the antifriction roller H 5 carried by the treadle lever H 6 pivoted on the stud A 8
fixed in the side frame B 2. The free end of this lever is connected by the rod H 7
to one arm of the bell-crank lever H8 and the other arm of this lever is coupled
by the rod H 9 to the lever H, and the opposite end of the lever H is coupled by
the rod H to the lever H 2.
The let off motion is arranged and operated in such a manner that the moment
the loops are commenced to be made the length of the pile warp required to form
them is let off. In order to keep the pile warp at a suitable tension and at the
same time allow the "shed" to be opened the warp passes from the letting off
rollers G 3 and G 4 under the cross bars J and J 2 suspended from the cross
shaft J 3 (loosely mounted in bearings J 4, J 4 fixed to the side frames) by the
arms J 5, J 5 fixed to the shalt J 3. In operation the tension of the warp more or
less raises the bars each time the shed is opened that is to say when the pile warp
is lifted and they fall to a corresponding extent when the warp is lowered.
It is necessary (or at any rate we find it advantageous) to miss a "pick" whilst
the looping mechanism is forming the loops. For this purpose the loom is fitted
with any ordinary device adapted to throw the picking mechanism out of operation
when required as for instance, the well-known mechanism employed to move either
of the picking cams K and K2 Figures 2 and 3 along the cam shaft H 3 out of
reach of the conc "of the picking shaft when a pick requires to be missed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inveu-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
1. In a loom of the type specified, the improved form of hook for forming the
pile loops, substantially as herein shown and described.
2. The combination of mechanism substantially as herein shown and described
for operating the hooked comb.
Dated this 12th day of November 1895.
DRACUP & NOWELL,
Bradford, Patent Agents.