and the like Purposes
Year: 1885

page_text: and the like Purposes.”
I PHILIP UNWIN ASKHAM of the Yorkshire Steel Works, Napier Street, Sheffield
in the County of York, Steel Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my
Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN WHEELS APPLICABLE TO LOCOMOTIVES AND
VEHICLES FOR USE ON RAILWAYS, TRAMWAYS, COMMON ROADS AND THE LIKE
PURPOSES, to be as follows:-
:-
My Invention relates more particularly to Wheels made of Cast Metal with arms,
such Wheels being cast either with plain or flanged rims or tyres.
The object of my Invention is to cast such Wheels, free from defects, arising from
unequal contraction, when cooling and at the same time to secure strength and
elasticity to the Wheels when in use.
I effect this object by constructing the arms of my Improved Wheel which may
vary in number in the form of the letter Y the stalks of the arms being connected
to the Boss, and the branches being connected to the rim or tyre of the Wheel.
By this arrangement the connections between the boss and the rim or tyre of
the Wheel is more evenly distributed and the support which the rim or tyre
receives from this form of Spoke is increased twofold more than would be the case
with single spokes; the stalks of the spokes may vary in length from the Boss
towards the rim of the Wheel, towards which they would extend in radial lines
and the branches of the Spokes may run in straight lines at varying angles from
the stalks, towards the rim or the branches may curve from the stalks so that
their extremities would converge towards each other.
The section of the arms and their branches may vary, and in order to render
them more elastic, they may be formed with undulations horizontally.
The arms and the rims of Wheels as herein described may be constructed with
or without ribs or webs for strengthening the same, and the Boss of the Wheel
may be set back from the horizontal face of the Wheel or otherwise as required.
Wheels constructed on this principle with flanged rims or tyres cast upon them,
may when such flanged rims or tyres have become worn or defective from constant

page_text: use or other causes, have their peripheries turned for the reception of a new rim or
tyre which may be shrunk or otherwise fastened thereon.
The essential features of my Invention are in constructing Wheels as herein
described with spokes in the form of the letter Y, the stalks of which are
connected to the boss and the branches of which are connected to the rim or tyre
of the Wheel.
The branches of the Spokes may be formed in straight lines at varying angles
from the stalk or they may be curved from the stalk towards each other. That is
to say the branches of the same stalk may be curved so as to converge towards
each other at the extremities where they are united to the rim or tyre of the
Wheel.

page_text: Improvements in Wheels Applicable
to Locomotives, and
Vehicles for Use on Railways, Tramways, Common Roads,
and the like Purposes.
I PHILIP UNWIN ASKHAM of the Yorkshire Steel Works, Napier Street, Sheffield,
in the County of York, Steel Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WHEELS APPLICABLE TO LOCOMOTIVES. AND
VEHICLES FOR USE ON RAILWAYS, TRAMWAYS, COMMON ROADS AND THE LIKE
PURPOSES" and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
11
My Invention relates more particularly to Wheels made of Cast Metal with arms,
such Wheels being cast either with plain or flanged rims or tyres.
The object of my Invention is to cast such Wheels, free from defects, arising from
unequal contraction, when cooling and a the same time to secure strength and
elasticity to the Wheels when in use.
I effect this object by constructing the arms of my Improved Wheel which may
vary in number in the form of the letter Y the stalks of the arms being connected
to the boss, and the branches being connected to the rim or tyre of the Wheel.
By this arrangement the connections between the boss and the rim or tyre of
the Wheel is more evenly distributed and the support which the rim, or tyre,
receives, from this form of spoke is increased twofold more than would be the case
with single spokes, the stalks of the spokes may vary in length from the boss
towards the rim of the Wheel, towards which they would extend in radial lines
and the branches of the spokes may run in straight lines at varying angles from
the stalks, towards the rim, or the branches may curve from the stalks so that their
extremities would converge towards each other.
The section of the arms and their branches may vary, and in order to render
them more elastic, they may be formed with undulations horizontally.
The arms and the rims of Wheels as herein described may be constructed with
or without ribs or webs for strengthening the same, and the boss of the Wheel may
be set back from the horizontal face of the Wheel or otherwise as required.
Wheels constructed on this principle with flanged rims or tyres cast upon them,
may when such flanged rims or tyres have become worn or defective from constant
use or other causes, have their peripheries turned for the reception of a new rim or
tyre which may be shrunk or otherwise fastened thereon.
The essential features of my Invention are in constructing Wheels as herein
described with spokes in the form of the letter Y, the stalks of which are
connected to the boss and the branches of which are connected to the rim or tyre
of the wheel.
The branches of the spokes may be formed in straight lines at varying_angles
from the stalk, or they may be curved from the stalk towards each other. That is
to say the branches of the same stalk may be curved so as to converge towards
each other at the extremities where they are united to the rim, or tyre of the
wheel.

page_text: The nature of my invention will be better understood on reference to the
accompanying sheet of drawings in which:-
Fig. 1, is a front elevation of a railway or tram wheel, one half of which
represents the front view and the other half representing the back view.
Fig. 2, is a sectional elevation of the same shewing the spokes formed with
undulations horizontally.
Fig. 3; is a sectional elevation of a similar wheel with the spokes formed without
the undulations.
Fig. 4, is a section on the line A. B.
Fig. 5, is a section on the line C. D.
The same letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
a is the stalk of the spoke, b, b, are the branches of the same, c is the boss of the
wheel and d is the rim or tyre, e, e, e, are ribs to strengthen and stiffen the spokes
and branches.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
(1.). In constructing Cast Metal Wheels or wheel centres with spokes in the form
of the letter Y the stalks of which are connected to the boss in radial lines and
the branches of which are connected to the rim or tyre of the wheel in curved
lines, the radii of such curved lines varying in length according to the diameter of
the wheel and the number of spokes employed, the stalks and branches of such
spokes being formed with one or more undulations horizontally, and the spokes
and branches being formed with or without stiffening ribs or beads on either their
front or back surfaces, to strengthen and stiffen the same substantially as herein
described and illustrated in the accompanying sheet of drawings.
(2.) Improvements in wheels applicable to Locomotives and Vehicles for use on
railways, tramways, common roads and the like purposes as herein described and
illustrated.