IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BARBED WIRE, CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF FENCES, AND IN MACHINERY THEREFOR
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake,
& Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BARBED WIRE, CHIEFLY DESIGNED
FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF FENCES, AND IN MACHINERY THEREFOR." A com-
munication from abroad by Frank Billings, of Cleveland, Ohio, United States
of America, Superintendent and Manager of the Ohio Steel Barb Fence
Company.
Sealed the 27th February 1880, and dated the 23rd September 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd September 1879.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
BARBED WIRE, CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF FENCES, AND IN
MACHINERY THEREFOR." [A communication from abroad by Frank Billings, of
Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America, Superintendent and Manager of the
Ohio Steel Barb Fence Company.]
The special object of the said Invention is to manufacture in a rapid and perfect
manner barbed wires for fences. First, by taking a single main wire from a reel
and feeding it through a tubular shaft, or by feeding two main wires from a reel
through a bi-tubular shaft, each wire passing through the shaft in its respective
opening or tube, as hereinafter described. Secondly, by taking from reels the wires
for barbs, and feeding them to the main wire or wires, cutting therefrom the barb
blanks and twisting them upon and around the single main wire at suitable dis-
tances, or feeding the barb wires between the two main wires and around one or
both of them, or one of the barb wires being fed between the two main wires and,
the other outside, as the case may be, in which event different results are produced.
In carrying the said Invention into practice I arrange on a suitably constructed
bed-plate the operative parts of the machine, which consist of a hollow shaft
jounalled in suitable bearings and carrying a pinion made to engage a toothed.
segment fixed to a shaft beneath the hollow shaft alluded to, and having its bearings
in the lower part of the journal-blocks supporting the said shaft. Said segment is
operated by a pitman attached thereto. The opposite end of the pitman is a slotted.
no71

page_text: frame in which plays a cam whereby motion is imparted to the segment. The said
cam is fixed on a shaft arranged lengthwise of the bed-plate. On said shaft is
mounted a cog-wheel engaging a pinion on a parallel shaft. On the outer end of
said parallel shaft is a cog-wheel engaging a pinion whereby the machine is driven.
To the hollow shaft above referred to is secured a head having a slightly cone-
shaped face, and provided with two cutters respectively located on either side of
the bore of the shaft through which the main wire passes. Said cutters are set in
grooves and retained therein by plates and bolts. Opposed to the head is a block
pivoted between two posts. To the block is given a reciprocating movement by a
pitman connected therewith and operated by a double cam playing in a slotted
frame on the opposite end thereof. Said cam is fixed on a counter-shaft having its
bearings in boxes secured to the bed-plate. This shaft is actuated by a bevil gear-
wheel engaging a bevil pinion on the parallel shaft above referred to.
In connection with the hollow shaft above described is feed mechanism, consisting
of a pair of feed-rollers the shafts of which have their bearings in suitable journal-
blocks. Said shafts are geared to run together, and are actuated by certain gear-
wheels outside of their bearings. The bearings of the shaft of the upper feed-roller
are set in adjustable boxes for regulating the tension of the feed-wheels upon the
wire. The shaft of the lower feed-wheel or roller is provided with a loose pinion
having a dog engaging a racket on the said shaft. By the side of the ratchet and
pinion is a rack moving in slides; the said rack meshes with the loose pinion alluded
to, and is operated by a connecting rod whereby it is connected to a rocking lever.
The opposite end of said lever is connected to a pitman having a slotted frame on
its lower end in which a cam plays for operating the feed-mechanism.
In connection with the revolving cutters and twisting head above alluded to
there is mechanism for feeding the barb wires to the said head; said mechanism
consists of two sets of feed-wheels arranged respectively on either side of the bead.
The shaft bearings of the feed-rollers are fixed in frames secured in blocks on each
side of the head. Each pair of shafts of the feed-wheels is geared to run together,
and is provided with ratchet wheels and dogs, by means of which the two pairs of
feed rollers work in concert, and are operated by certain appropriate mechanism.
The two pairs of feed-rollers or wheels are not set parallel to the sides of the head
above referred to, but are at a slight angle thereto, for the purpose of feeding the
barb wires in a slightly diagonal line across the head, that the wires may be cut off
in a diagonal line, thus giving to the barbs a sharp point. This also causes the
barb blanks to lie with one end in the groove in the face of the head, and the other
end in the groove in the face of the blocks, so that the head, when made to revolve,
will wind the blank around the main wire.
As above stated, a single wire may be used for the main wire around which the
barb wires are twisted. In the event of two or more wires being used, by twisting
them together for the main wire the following device is used in connection with the
machine above described for attaching the barbs thereto, by passing one of the barb
wires between the two main wires and the other outside and around them.
In order that the two main wires, on passing through the hollow shaft to the
twisting head, may be kept so far apart as to permit the barb wire to pass between
them it is necessary to provide a guide to direct the wires to the twisting head.
To this end a core is loosely fitted in the hollow shaft, to which is given by
appropriate mechanism a reciprocating movement within the shaft.
The said mechanism consists of a lever having its fulcrum near its centre, one
end of the lever being attached to the said core, whereas the other end is attached
to a cam by means of a pitman. Other equivalent devices may be used for this
purpose, the exact construction of which is not essential.
Longitudinally through the core above alluded to are two bores, one for each of
the two main wires. In the end of the core next the twisting head is a bushing
having two holes corresponding to the bores in the core, and through which the two
main wires respectively pass. The situation of the holes is such as to hold the said
main wires in the central aperture of the die in accordance with the barb grooves in

page_text: the face of the die while the barbs are being fed therein. The outward movement of
the reciprocating core is for the purpose of providing space between its end and the
die for the main wires to turn in during the revolution of the head in wrapping or
twisting on the barbs; without this space the main wires would be twisted and
kinked.
When the twisting head revolves back after the barbs have been put on the core
recedes by virtue of the lever and cam above referred to; the main wires are again
fed forward, and also the barb wires, while the core is in the rear of the die. At
this instant the core serves as a guide and holder of the main wires, between
which wires one or both of the barb wires may pass, being wound around them.
Three or more strands may be used for the main wire, in which event the core
in the hollow shaft should be provided with a corresponding number of longitudinal
bores through which the several strands for the main wire may respectively pass to
the barbing and twisting devices.
The operation of the machine in other respects is essentially the same.
The barbed wires, as fast as they leave the machine, are wound upon spools; said
spools are secured in a removable manner to a shaft to which is given an inter-
mittent rotary movement corresponding in time and distance to the intermittent
action of the feeding device, so that the barbed wire is wound upon the spool at the
same time the unbarbed wire is fed to the machine for being barbed and twisted.
While the wire is being wound upon the spool the spool is given a lateral movement
(so that the wire shall wind evenly along the width of it) by a screw forming a
part of one end of the shaft, and as the shaft revolves said screw draws the spool
laterally, causing the wire to wind evenly thereon throughout its length. A reverse
action of the screw moves the spool in the opposite direction, and so on alternately
until it is filled; it is then removed to be replaced by one which is empty.
The distance that the barbs are to be placed along the main wire or wires is
determined by an adjustable lever which rotates the said spools. The longer the
throw of the lever the greater the distance the spool will revolve, and so per contra,
whatever said distance may be, so will be the distance of the barbs on the wire.
It may be remarked that a separate feeding device need not be used, as the spool
on which the barbed wire is being wound will draw the unbarbed wire or wires
along to the barbing device without co-lateral assistance.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd
March 1880.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
BARBED WIRE, CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF FENCES, AND IN
MACHINERY THEREFOR." A communication from abroad by Frank Billings, of
Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America, Superintendent and Manager of the
Ohio Steel Barb Fence Company.
The chief object of my improvements is to manufacture in a perfect manner and
with rapidity barbed wire fencing by taking two or more main wires from reels
feeding them through a hollow shaft to a twisting head and taking one or more
barb wires from reels and feeding them to the main wires, cutting therefrom blanks
for the barbs and twisting them upon, around, and between the main wires. at
suitable distances.
Figure 1 is a plan of my improved machine; and
Figure 2 is a perspective view of the same.
Figure 3 is a transverse vertical section on the line x, x, Figure 1; and
Figure 4 is a longitudinal vertical section on the line y, y, Figure 1, of the said
machine; and
Figure 5 is an end view of the same.
The remaining Figures represent detached parts of the said machine and portions
of barbed wire fencing, as hereinafter referred to.
A represents the bed-plate on which the working parts of the machine are
arranged; and B is a hollow shaft journalled in the blocks B¹, B¹, and carrying a
pinion B. Beneath the said shaft is a segmental rack C, having its bearings in the
lower part of the said blocks B¹. D, Figures 1 and 12, represents a pitman attached
to the segmental gear or rack C. The opposite end of the pitman terminates in a
slotted frame D¹ in which a cam D¹ plays, and by means of which motion is imparted
to the said segment rack. The cam D¹ is secured to a shaft E journalled in
the blocks E', E', E'. On this shaft is a cog-wheel F engaging with a pinion F¹
mounted on a shaft G, arranged parallel to the said shaft E. On one end of the said
shaft G is secured a cog-wheel G³, engaging with a pinion G", the shaft of which
has its bearing in a block G, and which shaft also carries a driving pulley from
which the various parts of the machine are driven.
To the hollow shaft B is fixed a head H, which is shown detached in Figures 15
and 20. The said head has a slightly conical face, and is furnished with a pair of
cutters h, h, one on each side of the opening, through which the main wire passes.
The said cutters are set in slots in the sides of the head, and are held in place by
plates h, h, bolted to the head for convenience of removing them for sharpening
or other purposes. Opposed to the head H is a block I, Figure 9, pivotted between
two posts I¹, I'. The said block has a vibratory movement imparted to it by a
pitman connected therewith, and operated by a double cam i playing in a slotted
frame on its opposite end. The said cam is fixed on a counter shaft J, journalled
in the seats or bearings J¹, J', J¹. This shaft J is operated by a bevel gear-wheel j,
arranged to engage with a corresponding pinion j¹ on the end of the shaft G above
referred to, to which motion is imparted by the gearing G¹, G¹¹.
In connection with the hollow-shaft B I arrange an inside cam K, Figure 1, on
the shaft E. The said cam engages with one end of a lever K", to the opposite end
of which is attached one arm of a bell crank L, Figure 6, having its elbow pivotted

page_text: in a standard L', Figure 2. The upright arm of this crank terminates in a
segmental rack, which is arranged to engage with a rack O, Figure 6, attached to a
core in the hollow shaft by a stay O¹. The rack O has a reciprocating movement
imparted to it by the vibration of the lever K" and bell-crank, for the purpose
hereinafter described.
To the aforesaid revolving cutter and twisting head H feed-mechanism is con-
nected for feeding the barbed wires to the twisting head. The said mechanism
consists of two sets of feed-wheels P, P, P, P, Figure 3, one pair being placed on
each side of the head. The bearings for the shafts of the said feed-wheels are
secured in frames R, R, fixed to the posts and blocks at both sides of the head H.
The said bearings consist of adjustable boxes regulated by set-screws for controlling
the tension of the wires. The shafts of each pair of feed-wheels are geared together
by the gear-wheels S, S, S, S, so that they may run synchronously together, and
are provided with ratchet wheels and dogs 8, 8, Figure 5, the said dogs being
attached to loose cranks t, t, and connected to each other hy a rod U, thereby
causing the two pairs of feed-wheels to work in concert.
The mechanism above referred to is operated by a pitman V connecting one of
the cranks t with a rocking lever W pivotted in a standard W2, and operated by a
pitman V2 having a slotted frame on its lower end, and operated by a cam V3 on
the counter-shaft J. A detached view of the crank, pitman, cam and other parts is
shown in Figure 7.
On the top of the two posts I', I', are secured knives or cutters h¹, h¹, which
work in conjunction with the two cutters h, h, in the head H in cutting off the
barb-wires.
It will be observed that the two pairs of feed-wheels are not set parallel to the
sides of the head H but are at a slight angle in relation thereto, for the purpose of
feeding the barb-wires in a slightly diagonal line across the head so that the wires .
may be cut off in a diagonal line, thereby giving the barb a sharp point. This
arrangement also causes the barb-blank to lie with one end in the slot in the face
of the head H, and the other in the slot in the face of the block I, so that when
the head revolves it will wind the blank around the main wire.
In front of the machine is a spool a, shewn in Figures 1 and 14, mounted upon a
shaft a with a capability of movement upon the same. This spool has an inter-
mittent rotary movement imparted to it by a ratchet-wheel b, and dog b¹. The
said dog is attached to an arm c, and the ratchet wheel to the spool, which has also.
imparted to it a lateral reciprocating movement by a screw forming a part of one
end of the shaft, so, that as the spool revolves by the action of the ratchet wheel
and pawl, it also moves laterally by the action of the screw first in one direction,
the length of the width of the spool, and then in the opposite direction by a reverse
action of the screw in order that the barbed wire may wind evenly thereon as it
passes from the machine. The arın c is vibrated for actuating the pawl or dog by
an adjustable vibrating lever d, the upper end of which is connected to the arm c
by a rod, as shewn in Figure 14. The lower end of this lever is connected to a
crank at the end of the shaft J of the machine, as shewn in Figure 1. The aforesaid
5 lever d is slotted and on one side of the slot is a toothed rack d¹, Figure 14, in
which works a pinion e forming a fulcrum for the vibration of the lever for
actuating the spool.
The operation of the machine above described is substantially as follows:-
The main wire is taken from a reel at the rear end of the machine and passed
through the hollow shaft B, Figure 4, to the spool and the intermittent rotative
action of the spool caused by the vibratory lever, dog, and ratchet-wheel above
described feeds the main wire through the hollow shaft to the twisting head at
intervals. The barb-wires are fed by the feed-mechanism herein before described
arranged on either side of the opposite end of the hollow shaft B. When this is
done during the intervals of the movements of the afore said feed-mechanism the
hollow shaft revolves and the barbs are cut off by the cutters h, h, and h¹, h¹, in the
first movement of the head and wound around said main wire by the continued'

page_text: At
revolution of the said shaft B which carries the newly cut end of the blank barb
around with it while the other end of said barb is held in the groove in the face of
the block I which remains stationary, thus winding the barb on to the wire.
this point the cam draws the block I away from the head H; when the said
head is revolved back again and the main wire fed forward the block I is again
carried back to the head and the operation is repeated.
This cutting off of the barbs will be more readily understood by referring to
Figure 3 where the wires, of which there are two to make a four-point barb, are
shewn in position upon the face of the head H. One wire is beneath the edge of one
of the cutters h and the other is just above the edge of the opposite cutter. The
cutting edges of these cutters are then in line with those of the stationary cutters
h¹, h¹, so that when the head is rotated the cutters act to cut off the barbs. At this
time the block I is held in close contact with the head H with the barb-blanks
between them, the said blanks being held in the grooves in the face of the block I
at one end with their other ends resting in the grooves in the head H. The
rotating head H carries these ends of the barbs about the main wire, interlocks
them, and secures the barbs by more or less twisting to the main wire.
As soon as the shaft B has completed its revolution for twisting the barbs, the
block I is caused to recede from the head H by means of the cam i¹ on the
counter-shaft J at the same time that the shaft B is revolved back again through
the medium of the segmental rack C, operated by the pitman D and the cam D¹
on the shaft E. One of the cams has a complete half circle for the purpose of
retaining the block I in place against the head during its revolution to twist the
barbs to the main wire.
•
The cams are so arranged upon their shafts and in such relation to each other as
to operate and perform the several movements of the different parts of the machine
at the successive intervals stated in order to produce the results described.
It will be understood that the machine is automatic in its operation, that is to
say, the unbarbed or main wire is drawn from the reel at the rear end of the
machine through the hollow shaft to the head H, where the barb-wires are taken
from the side reels and fed to the revolving cutters.
The barb-blanks are there cut off and twisted by the head upon the main wire,
passing therefrom to the spool at the front end of the machine on which it is wound
ready for use or shipment: The barbed main wire as it issues from the hollow
shaft and winds upon the spool feeds the unbarbed main wire to the machine by
such winding. The strain exerted by winding the barbed wire on the spool unwinds
the unbarbed wire from the reel at the rear end of the machine. This winding of
the finished wire upon the spool is intermittent, the winding being done the instant
that the barbs are twisted on to the main wire, at which instant the spool is
rotated (by the dog 6' and wheel b, above deseribed) a certain distance corresponding
to the intervals between the barbs, which intervals may be greater or less as
desired. The spool is rotated by the vibration of the adjustable lever d acting
upon the dog and ratchet-wheel connected to each other and co-operating, as above
'described. The intervals between the barbs are increased or decreased by making
the arm or part of the lever d above the pinion e longer or shorter; this operation
can be immediately effected by turning the said pinion, which may be provided
with a crank for this purpose, and some simple device such as a catch to retain it
in any desired position.
It will be obvious from the above description that as the spool fills up thereby
increasing its diameter the intervals between the barbs would be lengthened as a
greater length of barbed wire will be wound upon the said spool, and an equal
length unwound from the reel, thereby producing unequal distances between the
barbs were no provision made for obviating this result. This however is obviated
by the attendant of the machine shortening the vibration of the upper arm of the
adjustable lever, or lengthening the same as the case may be.
In Figures 16 and 17 the details of the construction of the head H and block I
are more fully represented. Grooves or slots 1 and 2 are made partially across

page_text: the face of the head to receive the barb wires, and a cavity or recess 3 is
made between these grooves or slots, and surrounds the opening which is a
continuation of that in the hollow shaft or spindle; in this cavity the protuberance
on the main wire or wires (resulting from the winding of the barbs upon two or
more wires for a main wire, as hereinafter described) is received one half of such
protuberance lying within said cavity 3, and the other portion within a cavity 6
in the block I. This block is provided with slots or grooves 4 and 5 that register
or coincide with the grooves or slots 1 and 2 of the head H to hold the barbs while
they are being secured to the main wire, as hereinbefore described.
In the operation of the machine, as above described, one wire only is represented
as being used for a main wire, around which the barb-wires are twisted. In the
event of two or more wires being used and twisted together to constitute a main
wire, the following devices are employed in conjunction with the mechanism above
set forth for attaching the barbs to said wires, by passing one of the barb wires
between the strands of the main wire, and twisting the other barb wire around
them. In order that two wires for the main wire on passing through the hollow
shaft B from the reels to the twisting head may be kept so far apart as to permit a
barb-wire to pass between them, it is necessary to provide a guide to direct the
wires to the twisting head, and for this purpose I employ a guide consisting of a
core a¹¹, Figure 10, fitting loosely in the hollow shaft B, and having an independent
movement imparted to it back and forth by means of an incline c¹, Figure 8, on the
end of said shaft, bearing against a similar incline on a cross head n, Figure 13, on
the end of the core. The said cross head plays on two rods b¹, b¹, extending outward
from the post B¹, springs being placed on the said rods between their heads and
the said cross head to force the core inward when released by the incline c'.
Through the said core two longitudinal bores are inade, one for each of the wires,
comprising the main wires; and in the end of the said core next to the head H, I
place a bushing r, Figures 11 and 19, having two holes m, through which the main
wires pass. These holes are located so as to hold the main wires in the central
aperture of the die in accordance with the barb-grooves in the face of the head
while the barbs are being fed therein. The outward movement of the core is for
the purpose of providing a space between its end and the die for the main wires to
turn in during the revolution of the head H in wrapping on the barbs, as without
such space the main wires would be twisted and kinked. When the head H
revolves back again after the barbs have been put on, the core recedes by force of
the springs when the feeding forward of the main wires, and also of the barb wires,
again takes place while the said core is near the die. It is then that the core
serves as a guide and holder of the main wires. The incline on the end of the shaft
B is so arranged in its relation to the core as to immediately force the said core
outward, when the head begins to revolve for putting on the barbs.
The operation of the core in its attachment to the machine is as follows:-When
the main wires are to be fed forward, the hollow shaft B is at rest, with the head H
in position ready to perform its revolution for cutting off the barbs. Before this
revolution takes place, however, the main wires must be moved forward, for which
purpose the block I is dropped permitting the finished barbs to pass.
During this movement of the main wires forward the core is lying in the shaft
up against a die in the head H, in which position it serves as a guide for the main
wires, and holds them in the required position through the die to receive the barb-
wires. When the movement of feeding the barb-wires forward is completed, the
shaft. begins to revolve, at the same time the incline on its end forces the core
outward. This makes room between the end of the core and the die within the
said shaft for the main wires to turn in; otherwise they would be bent or cut off.
The core is held in this outward position during the revolution of the shaft by the
said incline bearing against the cross head.
In order that the barb-wires may be both led between the two main wires or
that one of the barb-wires may be fed between the two main wires, and the other

page_text: outside the aperture through the die for feeding one barb wire between the two
main wires, and one outside is made in an oval form with one end of the oval at the
centre of the die A, as seen in Figure 21, so as to have the two main wires spread
apart, sufficiently to allow the barb-wire to pass between them, the grooves in the
face of the die being arranged to lead the barb-wires one in between, and the other
outside of the two main wires.
When both of the barb-wires are to be fed between the two main wires the
central opening in the die is also made oval in form but longer in its major axis,
and is across the centre, as seen in Figure 22, while the grooves in the face are close
together. In this case the two main wires are spread farther apart, and the barb-
wires both fed between them. In the first instance the coiling of the barb-wires
by the rotating head produces this result, that is to say, one of the barbs embraces
in its coil one only of the main wires, and the other barb, as shewn in Figures 23
and 24, which represent a perspective view of a portion of a barbed fence wire, and
a view of the barb detached.
Instead of the incline c' and springs being used for moving the core inward and
outward in the shaft B for the purpose specified, the device bereinbefore described
may be used, viz., the lever K" actuated at one end by the inside cam K, the
opposite end of the said lever being connected to the said core through the inter-
vention of the bell-crank and rack O. In this case at the proper time in the
movements of the machine the bell-crank is operated by the lever, thereby moving
the rack in either direction, as the case may be, for operating the core to which the
rack is connected. This latter device is more simple in construction and less
expensive, and is as effective as the device first described, and is therefore preferably
adopted in the machine, as shewn in Figures 1 and 2, or in some modified form
thereof retaining the essential features of the device.
By means of the mechanism herein described several forms or arrangements of
barb-fence can be constructed, as for example, those shewn in Figures 23, 24, 25,
26, 27, and 28, the essential features of which are the coiling or twisting of the
barb-wire around or between two or more of the fine wire strands in such a manner
that one or more of the strands are enclosed within one or more of the coils or
loops of the barb-wire with the points extending from the strands, and so arranged
that the several wires are bound firmly and securely together, as above described.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the same, I wish it under-
stood that I claim,-
First. In a machine for making barbed fence wire a reciprocating, rotating, cutting,
and twisting head for cutting off and twisting the barbs upon the main wire at one
and the same operation, substantially as above set forth and for the purpose
specified.
Second. In a machine for making barbed fence wire a hollow shaft having
thereon a head and pinion in combination with a segmental rack c and pitman,
whereby said shaft has a reciprocating rotary movement imparted to the same,
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Third. In combination with the pitman and segmental rack c a cam for operating
said pitman, as and for the purpose specified.
Fourth. A twisting head provided with a slotted conical face, and having in
connection therewith adjustable cutters, substantially as above set forth and for the
purposes specified.
Fifth. In a machine for making barbed wire fencing, the cutters h¹, h³, arranged
in relation to and in combination with the cutters of the twisting head to co-operate
there with, as and for the purpose specified.
Sixth. In a machine for making barbed fence wire a block I pivotted in standards
or posts, and arranged in relation to the twisting head of the hollow shaft, and
co-operating therewith, substantially as above set forth and for the purpose
specified.

page_text: Seventh. In combination with the pivotted block I a pitman operated by a
cam, whereby a vibratory movement is imparted to the said block, as and for the
purpose specified.
Eighth. In combination with the revolving twisting head having a central
aperture and grooves a die or block provided with grooves or slots to receive the
main wire, and mechanism for actuating the same, substantially as above set forth
and for the purpose specified.
Ninth. The grooved rotating twisting head, with its central aperture, in combi-
nation with a grooved die or block and oscillating lever for actuating the same,
substantially as above set forth and for the purpose specified.
Tenth. In a machine for barbing fence wire the hollow shaft and its twisting
head, in combination with a lever actuating the grooved die or block, constructed
and operating conjointly substantially as described and for the purpose specified.
Eleventh. In a machine for making barbed fence wire a feeding device (for
carrying the barbing wires to the twisting head) consisting of the feed-rollers
arranged relatively to each other and to the said head, and the block I and the
cutters for cutting off the barbs, substantially as described.
Twelfth. In combination with the feed-rollers the toothed wheels S, the ratchet
wheels, and dogs and the loose cranks connected to each other by a rod for operating
the same conjointly, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Thirteenth. In combination with the cranks a pitman attached to and operated
by a rocking lever W actuated by a pitman and cam, substantially as above set
forth and for the purpose specified.
Fourteenth. In a machine for barbing fence wire a device (for carrying the main
wire to the twisting head and barb-wires) consisting of a spool mounted upon a
screw-shaft, to which an intermittent rotative movement is given by a dog and
ratchet-wheel, and a reciprocating lateral movement by the said screw for feeding
the unbarbed wire to the machine and receiving the same therefrom when barbed,
substantially as above described.
Fifteenth. The vibrating adjustable lever and pinion, constructed and arranged
to operate substantially as described, in combination with the spool a, for the purpose
specified.
Sixteenth. In a machine for making barbed fence wire the core, in combination
with the hollow shaft and rotating cutting and twisting head, substantially as and
for the purpose set forth.
Seventeenth. The combination of the core with the shaft B, the rods and
springs, and the incline c' on the shaft co-operating with the incline of the cross-
head for imparting a reciprocative movement to the said core, substantially as
described.
Eighteenth. The bell-crank L having the upright arm thereof provided with a
segment rack, and arranged to engage with a rack connected to the tubular core
within the hollow shaft for actuating the said core to and for therein, substantially
as above set forth and for the purpose specified.
Nineteenth. In combination with the bell-crank the vibratory lever, and the
cam for operating the said crank, substantially in the manner and for the purpose
specified.
Twentieth. In combination with the core and revolving head the tubular bushing,
for the purpose specified.
Twenty-first. In combination with the revolving head I the die having an oval
opening on one side of the centre, and having grooves arranged in relation to said
opening so that one barb may pass between two main wires, and the other barb.
pass outside of one of the main wires, substantially as above described and for
the purpose specified.
Twenty-second. The die having an elongated oval opening across its centre, and
grooves arranged closely together across the centre of the face of the die to allow
both barb-wires to pass between the main wires, substantially as above set forth
and for the purpose specified.

page_text: Twenty-third. In barbed wire fencing the combination of two or more strands
of wire with the barbs, the short barb-wire being bent and wound around and
embracing one of the main wires or strands thereof and the central part of the other
barb, while the other or longer barb-wire is bent and wound around and embraces
both the main wires or strands and the other barb, substantially as above set
forth..
Twenty-fourth. A barbed wire fence consisting of two or more pieces forming
the barbs, and looped or linked together with a strand of the fence-wire passing
through each of the said loops, with the barbs lapped over or across the strand, and
all locked together substantially as shewn.
Twenty-fifth. In barbed wire fencing two or more strands having one or more
barbed wires entwined around the said strands, with the barbed ends lapping across
the strands, and one or more of the strands enclosed within the loops or coils of the
barb, locking the several wires firmly together, substantially in the manner and for
the purpose set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
W. ROBT. LAKE. (L.S.)