Improvements in Wooden Vessels for the Transportation of Aclás and other Corrosive Liquids.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Mar., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 26th Sept., 1895-Accepted, 26th Oct., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wooden Vessels for the Transportation of Aclás
and other Corrosive Liquids.
I, CHAIM KRAMER, c/o A. A. Brodsky, Chemical Works Odessa, in the
Empire of Russia, Chemist do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
Acids and other wood-corroding liquids, as for instance alkaline lyes, have up to
Dow been transported either in carboys or in stone-bottles; each of these two sorts
of vessels is liable to break, so that the transport and use of vessels of the said
sorts filled with acid or lye is a dangerous matter; there is a good deal of cases
known, in which a serious accident has been caused by the breakage of such a
vessel.
The purpose of my invention is to overcome the said drawback, and I attain that
purpose by making use of the tenacity of wood, in that I make a compound-vessel
consisting of a wooden vessel or box covered with a layer of a certain mixture or
mass, which after some time becomes as hard as stone. This layer is thereafter
covered with a layer of another substance, by which the acid, lye or other
substance is prevented from affecting the first or ground-layer. The resistibility
of a vessel constructed according to the above principle is extraordinarily great,
and excels by far that of the known carboys and stone-vessels; and there is gained
the further advantage, that the space can be far better exhausted, in that the
woodeu vessels are of rectangular shape.
In carrying my invention into practice, I cover the wooden boxes (either on
their inner surfaces only, or on the outer ones, too) with a layer of a mixture
consisting generally of asbestos and waterglass, the thickness being dependent on
that of the wood, and on the size of the vessel. Said layer becomes after some
time dry and extremely hard, and resembles, in fact, a stone; the hardness and the
mechanical resistibility of this stone-like material is quite extraordinary, and the
whole vessel may practically be regarded as unbreakable. The union between
the wood and the said layer is a very intimate one, especially if the wood is rough.
No separation takes place; the whole is and remains like one piece.
After the said layer of asbestos and waterglass has become perfectly dry,
I cover it with a layer of paraffine, so as now to render the vessel rendy for the
reception of the acid, lye or other liquid. If muriatic acid is to be stored within
the vessel, the second layer is then preferably formed by pitch or by coal-tar; if
the vessel is intended for petroleum, benzene, spirit and similar liquors, the second
layer may be formed by either water-glass or glue.
Also the first or main-layer may in some cases be altered by replacing the
asbestos by tale or by heavy spar.
The outer surface of the finished vessel may, if desired, be painted with
oil-colour.
Dated this 5th day of March 1895.
CHAIM ARAMET
By Geo. Thos. Hyde,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Wooden Vessels for the Transportation of Aolds.
and other Corrosive Liquids.
I, CHAIM KRAMER, of Odessa, in the Empire of Russia, care of A. A. Brodsky,
Chemical Factory do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
mauner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
Acids and other wood-corroding liquids, as for instance alkaline lyes, have up to
now been transported either in carboys or in stone-bottles; each of these two sorts
of vessels is liable to break, so that the transport and use of vessels of the said
Borts filled with acid or lye is a dangerous matter; there are many cases known, in
which a serious accident has been caused by the breakage of such a vessel.
The purpose of my invention is to overcome the said drawback, and I attain
that purpose by making use of the tenacity of wood, in that I make a compound-
vessel consisting of a wooden vessel or box covered with a layer of a certain
mixture or mass, which after some time becomes as hard as stone. This layer is
thereafter covered with a layer of another substance, by which the aoid, lye or
other liquor is prevented from affecting the first or ground-layer. The resistibility
of a vessel constructed according to the above principle is extraordinarily great,
and excels by far that of the known carboys and stone-vessels; and there gained
the further advantage, that the spaco can be far better exhausted, in that the
wooden vessels are of rectangular shape.
In carrying my invention into practice, I cover the wooden boxes (either on
their inner surfaces only, or on the outer ones, too) with a layer of a mixture
consisting generally of asbestos and waterglass, the thickness being dependent on
that of the wood, and on the size of the vessel. Said layer becomes after some
time dry and extremely hard, and resembles, in fact, a stone; the hardness and the
mechanical resistibility of this stone-like material is quite extraordinary, and the
whole vessel may practically be regarded as unbreakable. The uniou between
the wood and the said layer is a very intimate one, especially if the wood is rough.
No separation takes place; the whole is and remains like one piece.
After the said layer of asbestos and waterglass has become perfectly dry, I cover
it with a layer of paraffine, so as now to render the vessel ready for the reception
of the acid, lye or other liquid. If muriatic acid is to be stored within the vessel,
the second layer is then preferably formed by pitch or by coal-tar; if the vessel is
intended for petroleum, benzene, spirit and similar liquors, the second layer may be
formed by either waterglass or glue.
Also the first or main-layer may in some cases be altered by replacing the
asbestos by tale or by heavy spar.
The outer surface of the finished vessel may, if desired, be painted with
oil-colour.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what mauuer the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. As a means for transporting and storing acids and other corroding or etching
liquors, a vessel consisting of wood, and having either its interior surfaces only, or
its interior as well as its exterior ones, covered with a mixture consisting of
asbestos and waterglass; the layer or layers of said mixture covering the interior
surfaces of said vessel being covered with paraffine, substantially as described.
2. As a means for transporting and storing acids and other corroding or etching
liquors, a vessel consisting of wood, and having either its interior surfaces only, or
1.

page_text: its interior as well as its exterior ones, covered with a mixture consisting of tale
and waterglass, the layer or layers of said mixture covoring the interior surfaces of
said vessel being covered with paraffine, substantially as described.
3. As a means for transporting and storing acids and other corroding or etching
liquors, a vessel consisting of wood, and having either its interior surfaces only, or
its interior as well as its exterior ones, covered with a mixture consisting of heavy
spar and waterglass; the layer or layers of said mixture covering the interior
surfaces of said vessel being covered with paraffine, substantially as described.
4. As a means for transporting and storing acids and other corroding or etching
liquors, a vessel consisting of wood, and having either its interior surfaces only, or
its interior as well as its exterior ones, covered with a mixture consisting of asbestos
and waterglass; the layer or layers of said mixture covering the interior surfaces
of said vessel being covered with either pitch or coal tar, substantially as .
described.
5. As a means for transporting and storing acids and other corroding or etching
liquors, a vessel consisting of wood, and having either its interior surfaces only, or
its interior as well as its exterior ones, covered with a mixture consisting of tale
and waterglass, the layer or layers of said mixture covering the interior surfaces
of eaid vessel being covered with either pitch or coal tar, substantially as
described.
6. As a means for transporting and storing acids and other corroding or etching
liquors, a vessel consisting of wood, and having either its interior surfaces only, or
its interior as well as its exterior ones, covered with a mixture consisting of heavy
spar, and waterglass; the layer or layers of said mixture covering the interior
surfaces of said vessel being covered with either pitch or coal tar, substantially as
described.
7. As a means for transporting and storing acids and other corroding or etching
liquors, a vessel consisting of wood, and having either its interior surfaces only, or
its interior as well as its exterior ones, covered with a mixture consisting of
asbestos and waterglass; the layer or layers of said mixture covering the interior
surfaces of said vessel being covered with either water-glass or glue, substantially
as described.
8. As a means for transporting and storing acids and other corroding or etching
Liquors, a vessel consisting of wood, and having either its interior surfaces only, or
its interior as well as its exterior ones, covered with a mixture consisting of talc
and waterglass; the layer or layers of said mixture covering the interior surfaces
of said vessel being covered with either water-glass or glue, substantially as
described.
9. As a means for transporting and storing acids and other corroding or etching
liquors, a vessel consisting of wood, and having either its interior surfaces only, or
its interior as well as its exterior ones, covered with a mixture consisting of heavy
spar, and waterglass; the layer or layers of said mixture covering the interior
surfaces of said vessel being covered with either water-glass or glue, substantially
as described.
Dated this 28th day of Sentember 1895.
CHAIM KRAMER,
By Geo. Thos. Hyde,
1 Broad Street Buildings, London, E.C., Agent for the Applicant.