Improvements in Shirt Fronts.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Dec., 1894-Accepted, 9th Feb., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Shirt Fronts.
WILLIAM ERNEST MANNING Electrician and BERTIE ALFRED MANNING,
Sanitary Engineer both of Lower Mount Cottage, South End Road, Hampstead,
N.W. do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
Our invention, which is for the prevention of bulging and creasing in shirt
fronts, also for the stiffening of same, consists of two wires suitably capped each
end, and bent to the form of the human body, and fastened by different methods to
the two outer edges of the shirt front either on the inside or outside of shirt.
The manner in which the wires are to be attached to the shirt front is ;
(Firstly.) By sewing them direct to the shirt front either on the inside or outside
of shirt front.
(Secondly.) By attaching tubes of any flexible material to the outer edges of the
shirt front, either on the inside or outside of shirt, so that the wires may be placed
in and can also be easily removed when the shirt requires washing.
(Thirdly.) By using suitable clips to keep the wires in position. In cases where
clips are used two wires are required on each outer edge of the shirt. front one for
inside and one for outside of shirt front.
The clips would then be used to fasten the wires to the shirt front and so keep
them in position.
0
The wires may be of any shape in section and may be composed of any material
such as brass, aluminium, iron or steel.
Instead of metal wires we also employ other flexible substances such as
whalebone, horsehair or other material woven into strips and attached to each outer
edge of the shirt front.
Fig. 2 is the wire.
Fig. 3 is the tube.
Fig.
4 is also an inside view of shirt front.
Fig. 5 is also an inside view of shirt front.
Fig. 6 is a section through line A B on Fig. 5.
Similar letters of reference denote similar parts in all figures.
In Fig. 1, a. a. is the shirt front, and b. b is the longcloth attached to the front.
c. c are the flexible tubes, one edge of which is sewn to the shirt front, a. a.
and the other edge to the longcloth b. b. the wires d d are passed into the tubes c. c.
as shewn.
Fig. 2. shows wires d d when out of tubes c c.
Fig. 3 is a view of the tubes c c before being sewn to the shirt.
In Fig. 4 the tubes are formed by means of a pleat or an extra row of stitching
in the shirt front, the wires d d fits therein as already described.
In Fig. 5 the tubes and pleats are dispensed with and two wires d d are attached
to each outer edge of the shirt front a a by means of three or any desired number
of clips, the clips ee may be similar to those shewn in Figures 5 and 6 or any
other form. The longcloth bb is doubled a short distance behind the shirt
Pace RdI

page_text: front to allow the wires d d to be placed in their position and clipped to it by a
sharp point attached to the clips e e and passing through the longcloth, wires and
shirt front as shewn in Fig. 6.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
That by applying a stiffening wire, or other material, for the prevention of
bulging and creasing in shirt fronts arranged substantially in the manner herein
described and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this Twelfth day of December 1894.
WILLIAM ERNEST MANNING.
BERTIE ALFRED MANNING.