IMPROVEMENTS IN HIGH PRESSURE CISTERN VALVE APPARATUS be as follows:
Year: 1884

page_text: I, FREDERICK WILLIAM MANN of 16 Stone Nest Street Tollington Park in the
County of Middlesex Gas Rate Collector do hereby declare the nature of said
invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HIGH PRESSURE CISTERN VALVE APPARATUS
be as follows:-
" to
The object of my Invention is to utilize the pressure of the water for cutting off
the supply as soon as the cistern or cisterns is or are full so that no more water
can be supplied to a cistern or cisterns than is sufficient to fill same, until the
pressure of water is taken off at main when the valve resets itself for another
supply to the cistern or cisterns.
The valve consists of a central tube or stem screwed on to the inlet union with
outlets at top. Round the central tube or stem there is a cylinder free to rise and
fall round saine, having between it and the central tube or stem an annular
chamber through which some of the water entering.by the central tube or stem
passes to outlets at the base. At the top and bottom of the cylinder there are
valves which come against corresponding seatings above the central stem or tube
and near the lower part of same below the orifice at the base of the annular
chamber. Secured to the cylinder and surrounding same there is a float ball which
rises and falls with the said cylinder. A metal cap covers the upper part of the
apparatus and extends downwards to below the outlet orifices from the central
stem and to below the point to which the cylinder falls.
The water which enters the apparatus at the inlet union passes up the central
tube or stem and out at full pressure by the outlets at top a portion falling or
percolating into the annular chamber and the rest into the cistern until the latter
is charged before however the cistern is full and as soon as the level of water in
the cistern has reached and covered about one third of the ball the latter with its
cylinder rises and the water enters the cylinder by the annular tube and rising
therein compresses the air contained in it and the cylinder continuing to rise while
water enters, which will take place until the cistern is completely full, until the
valve on the top of cylinder and the seating on the central tube meet when the
water inlet is effectually closed and cannot be opened even if water is drawn from
the cistern until the pressure of water at the main is taken off.
The water which enters the valve at the inlet union passes up the central stem
and issues at full pressure by the outlets at top also falling between cylinder and

page_text: stem to tho outlets at the base until the cistern is charged but as soon as the level
of the water in the cistern has reached and covered about one third of the ball the
latter and the cylinder begin to rise and having risen about say the one sixteenth
of an inch only the force of water immediately takos effect inside the cylinder by
passing through the annular chamber thus causing a powerful pressure to act on
the shutting off capacity of the valve which at once effectually closes the outlets.
The valve is loose in all its working parts and without stuffing or packing of any
kind:
The pressure of the water is thus utilized as a means of stopping the furthor
supply the moment the cistern becomes full. The seating power of the valve is
made equal to whatever force the water may be passing; the drawing off or oven
the emptying of the cistern directly after filling has no offect in giving a further
supply but the valve remains firmly locked on its seating until the pressure of
water is taken off from the main; the valve then resets itself for the next days
supply. Any ordinary cistern can be filled and the supply cut off by the uso of
this apparatus in a few minutes and it consequently becomes a very efficient water
waste preventer at the source of supply The pressure of water in the main doos
not act against the shutting off as in ball valvos as at present constructed but stops
the supply and keeps the valve seated with its full force. The valve is practically
silent in action.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION!
İ, FREDERICK WILLIAM MANN of 16 Stone Nest Street, Tollington Park in the
County of Middlesex, Gas Rate Collector do hereby declare the nature of said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HIGH PRESSURE CISTERN VALVE APPARATUS
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
The object of my Invention is to utilize the power given by the force with which
water propels itself through mains, from any elevated point, the pressure which
varies according to the height of, or head of water; say from 20 lbs, to 100 lbs, to
the square inch, is, in my invention used as a means for stopping the supply the
moment the cistern, or cisterns, is or are full, the shutting off and sealing power
of the valve, being equal to the given force of supply, the water leaving the cistern
or cisterns, by design, defective outlets, or from any cause whatever, has no effect
on the valve giving a further quantity to waste, the said valve having filled the
cistern or cisterns, remains firmly locked by the application of the full water force
being applied to shut off the supply, and remains so until released by stopping the
pressure of water on main, or service pipe, when the valve unlocks itself for
refilling cistern, on the intermittent supply the pressure is taken off by the
Turncock each day, on that of constant service, a small 3/8 inch stop cock,
conveniently placed for the househoulder's use will by turning off for a short
time renew the supply, when turned on, and fill any ordinary cistern in a few
minutes.,
In order that my invention may be fully understood I will proceed to describe.
the same with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 is an external side elevation Figure 2 is a longitudinal vertical section
of a high pressure cistern valve apparatus constructed, according to my Invention
and showing the valve open for the admission of water to the cistern Figure 3.
shows the same valve apparatus partially closed and Figure 4 shows the same
wholly closed and the water supply cut off. Figure 5 is a section through the:
line X Y and Figure 6 is a section through the line X¹ both of Figure 2.
The valve consists of a central tube or stem A say 8 inches in length the head
of which and round the stem are four outlets C, C, each opening being equal to
Buyths of an inch square, this stam A is screwed into an inlet union B round the
central tube A, there is a cylinder D say 2 inches diameter open at its lower end,
which lower end normally rests on a flange or base plate A¹. Fixed into and
passing through the centre of the upper end of the cylinder D is a smaller open
ended tube D'any 1 inch diameter. This annular tube plays 3 very important
parts in my Invention.
1st it forms a guide for the ascension of the Ball and Cylinder.
2nd it allows annular space between the supply stem and itself for the water to:
descend into the pressure receiver G; the full meaning and the part which this:
pressure receiver G plays in the valve is to receive from the 4 outlet orifices in
stem A, the full force of water that leads itself down the inner annular tube, which:
force by the circular shape of the receiver being directed upwards, at once carries

page_text: the Ball and Cylinder to the sealing point at head of stem before the pressure of
water can play on the loose flange plate F covering expanding rubber ring F.
3rd to confine the atmospheric air contained in cylinder D to allay concussion at
the immediate stopping of the supply, and in this tube the inner stem A fits quite
loose as shown in the sections 5 and 6, where the stem is formed with say 4 flat
surfaces cut equally round its diameter of say 7th of an inch, thus there is
between the stem and inner tube an annular space equal to say th of an inch for
the force of water to descend into the pressure receiver G. the cylinder D together
with its inner tube or guide being loose is free to rise and fall round the stem when
in action.
At the top of the stem A and screwed thereto, above the four outlets O, C, is
provided a rubbor seating encased F, and there is also a seating at a lower part
of the stem A, consisting of an india rubber ring F resting on a flange Fs formed
on the stem A while there is a loose flange collar F, this flange collar rests lightly
on the top of the rubber ring F which when pressed down by the force of water 1
entering the cylinder will expand and close the lower orifice of the cylinder D or
rather of the annular chamber E.
Secured to the cylinder D and surrounding same there is a copper float or ball H
say 5%, inches diameter which rises and falls with the cylinder D a metal cap I to
direct outlet flow covers the upper part of the apparatus, this metal cap extends
downwards to below the 4 outlet orifices from the central stem, and to below the
point to which the cylinder falls. K is a hole for the running off or draining the
receiver G by the small hole K¹ in the plate A¹.
The valve when in action works as follows:-
1
The water enters at the inlet B passes up the central tube or stem A, and issues 2
at full pressure from the 4 outlets CO at top of stem, until the cistern is full.
When the water has attained its proper level in the cistern, and as soon as that
level has reached and covered the lower half of the copper float or ball H the latter
with its cylinder D rises from the base plate A' into the position shewn in Figure 3
carrying the upper end of the tube D very slightly say th of an inch over the 3
edge of the 4 outlet orifices C. C. which will cause the water to pass down at full
pressure between the inner annular tube and stem; into the pressure receiver G
the force of water thus entering the receiver immediately ascends and strikes the
upper internal head portion of cylinder D forcing the Ball and Cylinder D to leap
'from the level of water in cistern as for example from the level shewn in Figure 3 3
to the rubber seating Flat top of valve as shewn at Figure 4 this at once closes
the 4 outlets C. C the full pressure of water now acts instantaneously on the loose
flange collar F covering rubber ring F this at once expands and effectually closes
the lower portion of cylinder D, and thus in conjunction with the atmospheric air
confined in cylinder D the supply is instaneously stopped while full on-in a silent
manner, this position being illustrated by Figure 4. The valve is quite loose and
free of any kind of packing.
The apparatus has the following advantages.
On an intermittent service a cistern of 150 gallons is filled and the supply cut off
in a few minutes, drawing off, or emptying the cistern directly after filling, has no 4
effect on the valve giving a further quantity by the falling of the ball, the day's
supply having been delivered, the valve remains locked until released by the
Turucock in roadway when it resets itself for the next supply.
* On constant service a supply of fresh water need only be admitted by the
Householders when required, the free In and Outlet passage of the valve and its 5
ability for abutting off instantaneously while full on renders the apparatus noiseless
in its action, and the unpleasant hissing sound so familiar to all made by the water
in passing through the house to cistern is reduced to a minimum, the supply being
entirely under the consumer's control and the quickness of delivery being equal to
about 800 gallons per hour, cisterns of 50 gallons will be found of sufficient capacity 5
for any premises.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
In high pressure cistern valve apparatus the central stem A, having apertures C, C,
at top and surrounded by a loose cylinder D, with float ball Hattached and
provided with air chamber E and guide tube D and valve seatings F¹ and F¹
together with pressure receiver G water being admitted through the central atem
until the cistern is charged, when the supply is cut off by the water pressure itself,
and no more water can enter the cistern until the pressure of the supply is taken
off, it consequently is a very efficient water waste preventer at the source of supply,
the whole apparatus being constructed, arranged and acting substantiall as herein-
before described and illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings
together with any mere modification thereof.