IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FORMING HEADS UPON SCREWS OR BOLTS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake,
& Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FORMING HEADS UPON SCREWS OR
BOLTS." A communication from abroad by Charles Dake Rogers, of Provi-
dence, Rhode Island, United States of America.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th February 1879.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FORMING
HEADS UPON SCREWS OR BOLTS." A communication from abroad by Charles
Dake Rogers, of Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America.
The present Invention relates to machinery for forming a flanged head upon
screw or bolt blanks by the process of upsetting the end of the rod of metal of
which the blanks are formed. Its purpose is to accomplish a greater rapidity of
operation than has heretofore been characteristic of this class of machines, by
organizing the machine as hereinafter particularly described.
The said Invention also embraces means for adjusting the heading hammer or
swaging tool both vertically and laterally so as to bring its axis into coincidence
with the longitudinal axis of the blank to be operated upon. And a further feature
relates to means for operating and timing the movements of the gauge, which at
stated times must be in proper position to determine the length of the blank, and
afterwards move out of the way to give room for the heading mechanism to
onerate

page_text: In machines of this class as heretofore constructed it has been customary to
employ toggle levers for the purpose of working the heading hammer or for working
the griping jaws, or both. Now, wherever this mechanical power is used there is
of necessity a sacrifice of speed in operation, and consequently a less production.
Therefore, in my improved machine I have dispensed with the use of such toggles,
and secure an increased speed and production by the employment of an excentric
and link to operate the heading hammer, and a cam and lever to move the griping
jaws. I am aware that these mechanical powers have been used in similar machines
to operato sliding heads and griping jaws, but they never have been employed in
the combination and arrangement in which they appear in my improved heading
machine. It is not simply from the fact that toggle levers are dispensed with and
other orders of levers substituted that an improvement is claimed, but because the
whole organization of the machine accomplishes better results, by reason of the
combination of these substitutes with other members, as will hereafter appear.
As shown in the Drawing, A represents the bed of the machine upon which moves
the sliding head B carrying the heading hammer C. The longitudinal motions of the
sliding head, are produced by an excentric, as at D, placed upon the cam shaft E
and connected to the said licad by a link, as at F. The griping jaws G, G³, are
located in the vertical head H of the machine, to which they are confined as usual
by the locking arms J, J¹, between which and the face K of said head they have a
vertical motion. The lower jaw G is seated on a saddle as at L which rocks in a
chair as at M, the said saddle being journalled in the plates m. attached to the ends
of the chair, which can be vertically adjusted to effect the proper movement of the
jaw by means of a block as at M' having an inclined face. The jaw G during its
upward movement acts in connection with the tubular block N through which the
wire is fed as a shear to cut off the blank from tho wire, the jaw G¹ by its weight
retaining the said blank in place until the jaws have been raised and the jaw G¹
has come in contact with an adjustable screw O, and the blank thereby securely
clamped for the heading operation. This vertical movement of the jaws G, G¹, for
the purpose of shearing and clamping the blank is produced by the rocking of the
saddle L, to the shaft of which a long lever P is attached, the said lever being
worked by a cam as at Q on the shaft E. The slow moving toggle levers for
operating and clamping the jaws are thus dispensed with, and equally effective but
more rapid results are obtained by the cam lever and saddle, the employment of
which under the combination and arrangement described constitutes a feature of the
said Invention.
The next feature relates to an adjustment of the heading hammer C, the longitu-
dinal axis of which must necessarily coincide with that of the blank at the time of
the heading operation to produce a perfect head. Heretofore the machine has
contained no devices for both laterally and vertically adjusting the said hammer,
consequently much time has been lost in properly aligning it. Now, to accomplish
this desirable object I mount the block R which holds the haminer C in a socket in
the end of the sliding heads B, and incline the sides of the said block and socket,
as shewn at Figure 4, so that by moving the block. longitudinally the hammer is
adjusted laterally; this movement being performed by the engagement of a pinion
8 on a spindle S, with a rack on one side of the block. For vertical adjustment
the block R is seated on a wedge T working on the inclined bottom of the socket,
one side of the wedge having a rack with which, engages à pinion u on a spindle U
(Figures 4 and 5), so that by moving the wedge longitudinally the block and its
hammer are adjusted vertically. The upper ends of the spindles S, U, are squared
to receive a wrench, and are journalled in the plunger B and cap plate b, the said
cap plate being secured to the sliding lead and furnished with clamp screws V to
secure the block and its hammer in an adjusted position. By this arrangement the
vertical and lateral adjustment of the hammer may be easily accomplished, it only
being necessary to turn the spindles S, U, to effect this adjustment.
"The next and last feature of the said Invention relates to means for operating
and timing the movements of the gauge W which determines the proper length to

page_text: be cut off the wire to form the blank, but which must move out of the way of the
heading hammer. This gauge derives its movements from the mechanism which is
employed to feed the wire. The said feeding mechanism is of the usual kind and
consists of a pair of feeding rollers, a ratchet and pawl, a connecting rod, and a
sliding rod W' having a depending arm W2 to which the said connecting rod is
attached, the said feeding mechanism deriving its motions from a cam X upon the
shaft E. The gauge W is secured to a shaft w, Figures 3 and 6, which is journalled
in an adjustable block w¹ attached to the frame of the machine. Secured to the
shaft w is an arm x which is made to take bearing by the force of a spring upon
an arm slewed upon the shaft w, the end of the said arm a working in an
inclined slot y in a plate Y which is placed upon an arm y¹ secured to the depending
arm W of the sliding rod. Thus when the sliding rod W¹ is moved by the cam X
the gauge is moved inward and outward by the rocking of the shaft to which it is
attached as the result of the action of the inclined slot y in the plate Y upon the
arnis x, x¹.
The movements of the gauge are required to be varied, as, for example, when
blanks of larger diameter are being worked in place of one of smaller diameter.
It becomes necessary therefore to have a means for adjusting the movements of the
gauge so that it will get out of the way and come back to place promptly. This is
effected by the movement of the plate Y upon the arm y, upon which arm it can
be adjusted to any position by a set screw. It will be observed that the arm x
which is secured to the shaft w has an ear piece upon its side which takes bearing
upon the arm x', the end of which works in the inclined slot y of the adjustable
plate Y. The advantage of this arrangement is that the metal of the blank out of
which the bolt is to be made must for a larger head project before the swaging
operation is performed to a greater distance beyond the face of the anvil jaws G, GT,
than would be required in case a smaller head was to be made. This requires an
adjustment of the gauge W to correspond to this change of conditions under which
the machine is to be worked. This adjustment of the gauge is effected by a move-
ment of the block win which the gauge shaft wis journalled. The times of the
movement of the gauge, however, may be required to be the same, and by this
arrangement of the two arms and it follows that the distance to which the
gauge may stand from the face of the jaws G, G¹, may be varied without altering
the times of the movement of the gauge.
The advantages derived by the use of these improvements are a greater speed of
production and less shock to the machine than when toggle levers are used, by the
employment of an excentric and link to move the heading hammer, and a cam, long
lever and short levered saddle to move and clamp the griping jaws, a ready vertical
and lateral adjustment of the heading hammer that it may properly perform its
office, and a quick and accurate adjustment of the gauge to determine the move-
ments of the same.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the same, I wish it understood
that I claim,
First. In a machine for heading bolt or screw blanks, the combination and
arrangement of the griping jaws, a saddle upon which the said jaws are mounted,
a lever connected with the said saddle, and a cam upon the main shaft, as above
described and for the purposes specified.
Second. The combination of the griping jaws, a saddle upon which the same are
mounted, a lever connected with the said saddle, a cam upon the main shaft, and the
tubular block through which the wire is fed, as above described and for the
specified.
purposes
Third. The combination of the block to which the heading hammer is attached,
the socket in the sliding head containing the said block (when such block and
socket are constructed with inclined faces as described), a wedge or inclined plane
upon which the said block is seated, and the rack and pinion combined with the
-
.

page_text: .block and wedge whereby the said block and the hammer attached thereto can be
adjusted both vertically and laterally, as above set forth.
Fourth. The combination of the vibrating gauge, the rocking shaft to which this
gauge is attached, and the adjustable reciprocating slotted plate for timing the
movement of the said gauge, as above described.
Fifth. The combination and arrangement of the adjustable slotted plate, the arms
and the rocking shaft to which the gauge is attached, whereby the face of the said
gauge may be adjusted relatively to the faces of the jaws without disarranging the
times of the movements of the gauge, as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-nine.
WM BORT LAKE (LS)