AN IMPROVED CEMENT FOR THE RESISTANCE OF FIRE
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Beales, of Louth, in the County
of Lincoln, Engineer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED CEMENT
FOR THE RESISTANCE OF FIRE."
Sealed the 5th March 1858, and dated the 6th January 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Beales
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 6th January 1853.
I, WILLIAM BEALES, of Louth, in the County of Lincoln, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
CEMENT FOR THE RESISTANCE OF FIRE" to be as follows :-
My fire-proof cement is composed of sand, clay, limestone, salt,
and metal borings or filings. The manner in which I mix these ingre-
dients, and their proportions, will be fully detailed in my complete
Specification.
ADDITION TO PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
My Invention consists in composing a fire-proof cement of sand,
clay, limestone, salt, and metal borings or filings, mixed together in
variable proportions, according to the particular use for which the same
is designed to be employed.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Beales in the Great Seal Patent Office,
on the 5th July 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
WILLIAM BEALES, of Louth, in the County of Lincoln, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the six-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Beales, Her special licence
that I, the said William Beales, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as T, the said William Beales, my executors, ad-
ministrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED CEMENT FOR
THE RESISTANCE OF FIRE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said William Beales, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Beales, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, that is to say:
My improved cement for the resistance of fire is composed of
sand, clay, or chalk, limestone, either burnt or in a raw state, salt,
and metal borings or filings, mixed together in variable proportions,
according to the particular use for which the same is designed to be
employed.
The following proportions of the ingredients above mentioned have

page_text: been found to answer well in practice, and to produce a cement capable
of resisting for a lengthened period the action of fire thereon, viz*:
Chalk
•
•
Limestone or lime
Salt.
•
.
60 parts by measure.
20 parts
"
.
20 parts
32
Bawsey sand in clust
10 parts
33
5 parts
5 parts
"
"
Iron dust or filings
Red or blue clay
I mix these ingredients well together, and grind or reduce them to
a fine powder by means of edge runners, or other grinding or reducing
apparatus. The cement is then calcined, and packed in barrels or bags
for use.
When I require to use the cement for setting furnaces, retorts, stoves,
bakers ovens, malt kilns, cooking ranges, fire grates, and for all other
purposes where resistance to the action of fire is requisite, I take the
required quantity of the cement, and add to it a small proportion of
water, beating it well until it assumes the consistency of ground white
lead, or thereabouts; I then make a very fine close sound joint, with
fire clay bricks at the particular point required, and as soon as the fire
has acted on the cement, the result will be that the fire bricks will be
united into a solid mass.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I do not
confine myself to the exact proportions of ingredients herein-before laid
down, but that I claim as my Invention,―
The manufacture of an improved cement for the resistance of fire by
combining the materials or ingredients herein-before mentioned.
In witness whercof, I, the said William Beales, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of July One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-three.
WITT LAME DRATES
W
WETT CAM DRATTO
LES.
(2.5.)