IMPROVEMENTS IN UTILIZING THE HEAT GENERATED IN KILNS OR FURNACES USED FOR BURNING PYRITES AND OTHER ORES
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Thomas Macadam, of 109,. Fenchurch Street, in
the City of London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN UTILIZING THE
HEAT GENERATED IN KILNS OR FURNACES USED FOR BURNING PYRITES AND
OTHER ORES."
Sealed the 21st January 1879, and dated the 31st August 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Thomas Macadam at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st August 1878.
CHARLES THOMAS MACADAM, of 109, Fenchurch Street, in the City of London.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN UTILIZING THE HEAT GENERATED IN KILNS OR FURNACES USED
FOR BURNING PYRITES AND OTHER ORES."
This Invention has for its object to employ in a more useful manner than here-
tofore the heat generated in kilns or furnaces used for burning pyrites and other
ores. For this purpose I place in the upper part of the kiln or furnace a coil or
system of pipes from which flow and return pipes are lead to an elevated cistern.
Water from the cistern circulates constantly through the system of pipes, and being
there by heated maintains the water in the cistern at a temperature of 212° Fahren-
heit, or nearly so.
From the hot-water cistern water at a temperature of 212° Fahrenheit, or nearly
80, may be supplied to any number of steam boilers, the cistern being fixed at a
higher level than the boilers, and by this means fuel may be economised.
The hot water may also be utilized for any other purpose for which it may be
required.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Thomas Macadam in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th
February 1879.
CHARLES THOMAS MACADAM, of 109, Fenchurch Street, in the City of London.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN UTILIZING THE HEAT GENERATED IN KILNS OR FURNACES USED 5
FOR BURNING PYRITES AND OTHER ORES."
The Invention has for its object the utilization of the waste heat evolved
in the burning of sulphurets (such as pyrites or other ores) for the purpose of
raising water to a temperature of 212° F., or thereabouts, in such a way that the
water so heated can be supplied to the boilers of engines, and thereby the amount 1
of fuel used for such engines may be greatly economized, or the heated water may
be otherwise utilized.
In all cases I use flow and return pipes, together with an ordinary hot-water
tank, which can be fixed in any convenient position at a sufficient height above the
steam boilers which are to be supplied with the hot water; but the means which I 1
adopt to heat the water may vary according to the amount required to be heated.
Where the capacity of the hot-water tank is not more than about 3,000 gallons
I carry a 3-inch pipe from the tank to the range of pyrites' ovens, laying the same
in the flue and carrying it round the ovens, and then returning to the hot-water
tank.
.Sheet 1 shows this arrangement applied to a double range of ovens as they are
¡usually built.
Figure 1 is a plan taken through the flue F of the ovens O, and shows the
pipes P lying in position in the flue.
Figure 2 is a section showing the manner in which the heat from the burning
ore passes over the pipes and heats the water which is continually circulating in the
pipes.
And Figure 3 is a front elevation of the ovens.
The pipes leading to the tank are also shown.
I find by practical experiments that in an ordinary range of 12 or 13 pairs of
pyrites' ovens the heating surface of the pipes laid in the flue in the manner shown
and described is sufficient to heat the water in a tank or cistern of about 3,000
gallons capacity; and I.claim as the great merit of my Invention that without any
alteration of existing ranges of ovens the waste heat therefrom may be utilized at
a very small cost:
Where the quantity of water required to be heated is much over 3,000 gallons
there would not be sufficient heating surface of pipe by the method already
described; and in Sheet 2 I show how I propose to heat a greater quantity of
water. In this case I keep the flow and return pipes P,clear of the ovens, and
heat the water by a series of small boilers B constructed with pipes through which
the water circulates. These boilers, of which there may be any number, not greater
than the number of ovens, are placed, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, immediately
over the mouth of the ovens O, leading into the flue F, one to each oven; the pipes
of these boilers are all connected with the flow and return pipes, so that a continuous
circulation is kept up.
Each boiler might be simply a coil of pipe, or may be constructed in the manner
indicated in the Drawing; or may be otherwise constructed, so that water may
circulate through it.
Each boiler is at the bottom supplied with water by a pipe or pipes from the
main return pipe, and from the top of the boiler a pipe or pipes are led off to the
main flow pipe.
For the purpose of disconnecting any one boiler from the others should it get out
of order I require, with the construction of boiler shown in the Drawings, 4
valves V to each boiler, and when these are closed the circulation would go on in

page_text: the other boilers precisely as before without any hindrance. When one of the
boilers is thus shut off from the flow and.return pipes the heated gases passing
along the flue F are also shut off from it by dampers lowered into the position
shown at x, x; the boiler could then be got at by opening the doors z, z. When
the dampers are raised into the position shown at y, y, the heated gases passing
along the flue are brought into contact with and assist in heating it.
By employing several small boilers, each placed over the outlet from one or other
of the kilns or ovens, a great extent of heating surface may be obtained.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and the manner of performing
the same, I would have it understood that I claim,-
First. The combination with ovens for burning pyrites and other ores of hot
water flow and return pipes passing to an elevated cistern, substantially as herein-
before described.
Second. The combination of hot-water flow and return pipes, with ovens for
burning pyrites and other ores, substantially in the manner herein-before described,
and illustrated on Sheet 1 of the Drawings.
Third. The combination of hot-water flow and return pipes and boilers with
ovens for burning pyrites and other ores, substantially in the manner herein-before
described, and illustrated on Sheet 2 of the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Thomas Macadam, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-nine.
C. T. MACADAM. (L.S:)