Improvements in Bed Plates or Dead Knives for Engines for Pulping Materials for Use in the Manufacture of Paper or Flocks, or for analogous purposes.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Jan,
1205
Complete Specification Left, 28th Oct., 1895-Accepted, 30th Nov., 1895.
552
Complete Specification Left, 28th Oct., 1895-Accepted, 30th Nov., 1895.
r
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bed Plates or Dead Knives for Engines for
Pulping Materials for Use in the Manufacture of Paper or
Flocks, or for analogous purposes.
I, ERNEST CHARLES REED, of Riverside Mills, Dartford in the County of
Kent, Paper Mills Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
My invention relates to bed-plates, or dead knives, such as are used in pulping
engines to co-act with a rotating knife-roll to pulp or reduce, paper materials, or
for analogous purposes, and my said invention has for its object to provide bed
plates, or dead knives, which are more readily and economically made, and more
efficient in action, than such bed plates, or dead knives, as hitherto made.
Hitherto the said bed plates, or dead knives, whether situated parallel to or at
an angle with the axis of the roll have had the ends of the component blades
situated at the ends of the well or den in which the bed plate or dead knife is
placed so that the channels or spaces between the blades, have been closed and no
passage for the stuff under treatment through the said channels or spaces has been
provided the pulp flowing merely across the blades. According to my invention I
so arrange the component blades in such a manner or at such an angle to the axis
of the roll, that the ends of the blades are situated at the "back fall" and "front
fall," (that is the hinder and forward sides of the bed plate or dead knife) so that
the channels or spaces between the blades, or between the main bulk of the blades,
are open to the trough in which they are situated both at the "back fall" and
"front fall" or hinder and forward sides thereof, so that the pulp flows through
the channels or spaces between the blades. The blades may be shaped so as to be
either straight, curved, or angular, and they may be arranged at any angle which
will allow of the channels, or spaces, between them, or between the main bulk of
them, opening out at both sides, as aforesaid. I believe that an angle of, or about,
45 degrees to the axis of the roll, will give the best results. By the arrangement
described the blades can be short and consequently rigid, and they, or most of
them, can be made by stamping to one pattern. The action between the said
blades and the roll is a very efficient shearing action, and if the channels, or
spaces, between the blades, be arranged so as to incline outwards from the hinder
to the forward side of the bed plate, or dead knife, the stuff being operated upon
will be directed outwards by the said channels or spaces and the most efficient
direction and movement of the stuff will be ensured. The blades may be secured
together in any suitable or convenient way, for example, the blades may be
made with side slots through which rods, or bolts, parallel or approximately
parallel, with the axis of the roll may be passed and secured by heads and nuts the
said rods or bolts passing through end pieces with holes for the passage of the said
rods or bolts and with inclined pieces corresponding to the incline of the blades to
fit against them and hold the series securely and also with ribs to engage the slots
in the ends of the blades which come next them. The blades may be formed with
projections from their sides to keep them the requisite distance apart, or separate
filling pieces may be used for the purpose. To further steady the arrangement
some of the blades or filling pieces, or both, may have holes instead of slots for the

page_text: passage of the rods or bolts. Or the blades or blades and filling pieces, may be
bound together by a diagonal rod or bolt passed through them and secured by a head
and nut or the said blades may be set in a box and forced together by set screws,
or the like, and they may be made wedge-shaped so as to engage together and with
a similarly formed box to retain or assist in retaining, all the blades firmly in place,
or the box may be make with projections to engage with the slots in the knives.
The bed plate, or dead knife, can be slidden in place in the well, or bed, in the
trough, and fixed by wooden wedges, or other suitable means, as bed plates or dead
knives are usually fixed and by securing an eye bolt or hook to, or forming a loop,
on one of the end plates the bed plate or dead knife can be withdrawn from its
place and the blades be separated by removing the screws or nuts which retain
them in position. By the arrangement described whereby the channels or spaces
between the blades open at the "back fall" and "front fall" or hinder and
forward sides of the bed plate or dead knife the stuff being operated upon passes
through the said channels or spaces and tends to keep them clear of obstruction.
Dated this 26th day of January 1895.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Bed Plates or Dead Knives for Engines for
Pulping Materials for Use in the Manufacture of Paper or
Flocks, or for analogous purposes.
I, ERNEST CHARLES REED of Riverside Mills, Dartford, in the County of
Kent, Paper Mills, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to bed plates, or dead knives, such as are used in pulping
engines, to coact with a rotating knive-roll, to pulp, or reduce, paper materials or
materials for flocks or for analogous purposes, and my said invention has for its
object to provide bed plates, or dead knives, which are
economically made and more efficient in action, than such bed plates, or dead
more readily and
knives, as hitherto made.
Instead of the said bed plates, or dead knives, whether situated parallel to, or at
an angle with, the axis of the roll having the ends of the component blades
situated at the ends of the well, or den, in which the bed plate, or dead knife, is
placed so that the channels, or spaces between the blades are closed, there being no
passage for the stuff under treatment through the said channels, or spaces, the
pulp flowing merely across the blades, in the arrangement according to my inven-
tion the component blades are so arranged at an angle to the axis of the roll, that
the ends of the blades are situated at the "back fall" and "front fall" (that is the
hinder and forward sides of the bed plate, or dead knife) the channels or spaces,
between the blades, or between the main bulk of the blades, opening to the trough
in which they are situated both at the "back fall" and "front fall," or hinder and
forward sides, thereof; so that the pulp flows through the channels, or spaces,
between the blades. The blades may be shaped so as to be either straight, curved,
or angular, and they may be arranged at any angle which will allow of the
channels, or spaces, between them, or between the main bulk of them, opening out
at both sides as aforesaid; I consider that an angle of, or about 45 degrees to the
axis of the roll, gives the best results. The said blades are secured together, and
in the well, bed, or box, as hereinafter described. The blades can be short and

page_text: consequently rigid and they, or most of them, can be made by stamping to one
pattern. The action between the said blades and the roll is a very efficient
shearing action, and, if the channels, or spaces, between the blades be arranged so
as to incline outwards from the hinder to the forward side of the bed plate, or
dead knife, the stuff being operated upon will be directed outwards by the said
channels, or spaces, and the most efficient direction and movement of the stuff will
be ensured.
The blades may be secured together, for example, by making them with
coincident side slots in the ends of the blades through which rods, or bolts,
parallel, or approximately parallel, with the axis of the roll, may be passed and
secured by heads and nuts, the said rods or bolts, passing through end pieces with
holes for the passage of the said rods or bolts, and with inclined pieces corre-
sponding to the incline of the blades, to fit against them, and hold the series of
blades securely together and also if desired with ribs to engage with the slots in
the ends of the blades which come next them.
The blades may be formed with projections from their sides to keep them the
requisite distance apart, but separate filling or packing pieces are preferably used
for the purpose. The blades and filling pieces may have coincident holes instead of
slots for the passage of the rod, or bolt, or rods or bolts. Or the blades, or blades
and filling pieces, may be bound together by a diagonal rod, or bolt, passed through
coincident holes in them, and secured by a head and nut; or the said blades may
be set in a box and forced together by set screws, or the like, and they may be
made wedge-shaped so as to engage together and with a similarly formed box, to
retain, or assist in retaining, all the blades firmly in place; or the box may be
made with ribs or projections to engage with the slots in the blades. The bed
plate, or dead knife, can be slidden in place in the well, or bed, in the trough and
fixed by wooden wedges, or other suitable means, as bed plates, or dead knives,
are usually fixed, and by securing an eye bolt, or hook, to, or forming a loop on
one of the end plates, the bed plate, or dead knife can be withdrawn from its place
and the blades be separated by removing the screws, or nuts, which retain them
in position. By the arrangement described not only does the stuff being operated
upon pass through the said channels, or spaces and tend to keep them clear of
obstruction but the whole arrangement is very firmly secured together by simple
means which are inexpensive and readily applied and taken apart, and the blades
can in whole, or in main part, be made all to the same pattern which is a great
convenience in manufacture.
The accompanying drawing represents a convenient way of constructing a bed
plate, or dead knife, according to my invention. Figure 1 is a longitudinal
elevation partly in section. Figure 2 is a plan; Figure 3 is an end view partly
in transverse section and Figure 4 shews one of the blades separately.
A is a box and B, are the blades and C are filling pieces of wood, lead, zinc, or
other suitable material of a shape corresponding to that of the blades, but not so
deep, so that the blades extend above them, and channels are formed between the
blades. The box A, is only so deep as not to obstruct the openings of the
channels, or spaces between the blades at the hinder and forward sides as
aforesaid.
The blades are formed with grooves or slots at b with which engage projections
or ribs a on the sides and ends of the box A the removable end A of the box
having similar grooves to engage with the said projections or ribs a. Both ends
are also shewn as being provided with ribs to engage with grooves, or slots, in the
ends of the blades opposite to them.
Each blade has a slot or hole 62 in it through which is passed a rod E provided
at one end with a head e², and at the other end with a nut e formed with a loop for
removing the bed plate, or dead knife from the den. D are filling pieces to keep
the blades in position when the rod E which passes through all the blades is put in
place and the nut e is screwed up.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is―
1. A bed plate, or dead knife, for engines for pulping paper making materials,
or the like, the said bed plate, or dead kuife, having the component blades arranged
substantially as hereinbefore described, so that the spaces, or channels, between
the blades, or the main bulk of the blades, are open to the trough, both at the
"back fall" and "front fall" and with coincident grooves, or slots, in their sides
or through them, to engage with projections, or ribs, in the sides of the containing
box, or to receive a longitudinal rod or bolt, or rods, or bolts, substantially as
herein before described.
2. A bed plate, or dead knife, for engines for pulping paper making materials,
or the like, the said bed plate, or dead knife being provided with blades having
slots in their sides to engage with projections, or ribs, in the sides, or sides and
ends of the container substantially as herein before described.
3. The arrangement and combination of parts, constituting a bed plate, or dead
knife, substantially as hereiubefore described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 26th day of October 1895.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.