A NEW OR IMPROVED GAS OVEN
Year: 1884

page_text: I SIGISMUND LEONI of 66 St Paul Street Packington Street in the County of
Middlesex, Gas Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for
A NEW OR IMPROVED GAS OVEN to be as follows:-
My invention has for its object the construction of a gas oven which is econo-
mical in the consumption of gas, portable and readily heated and kept at any
required temperature.
And my invention consists in constructing an oven preferably D shaped or
similar to a retort in form, composed of a fireclay bottom covered by a muffle or
arch of bricks, closed at the two ends as required, the whole being enclosed in an
iron casing preferably square shaped. Burners of a tubular form are arranged so as
to heat the oven in the manner desired.
The bottom or floor of the oven is composed of fireclay tiles of about two inches
in thickness perforated from the under sides to within a quarter of an inch of their
upper surfaces. Or the tiles may be entirely perforated and such perforations
covered as required by slabs or parts of fireclay, iron, or other suitable substance.
The muffle or arch may be either of fireclay or may be constructed of a wrought
or cast iron framework divided into suitable openings to receive thin fireclay slabs
in such a manner as to form a complete muffle when cemented as required. The
two ends of such muffle are closed in front by a packed door and at the back with
fireclay tiles.
Surrounding the muffle or arch at a distance of one or two inches an iron jacket
is arranged suitably packed to prevent outside radiation.
Along each side of the floor or bottom of the oven and outside the muffle or
arch the tiles are entirely perforated, such perforations are arranged so as to be
over the two end burners under the floor (one burner being at the right side and
the other at the left and running from front to back.) In this manner the space
between the muffle and the packed jacket forms a flue for the production of a top
heat." The other burners running parallel to each other from front to back serve
to heat the floor of the oven as required.
"
The burners are preferably tubular and perforated, and will vary in number
according to the width of the oven.
The burners have separate cocks to enable the operator to use more or less gas as
required, and regulators for passing a fixed quantity of gas in a determined time.

page_text: I employ luminous gas undiluted with air, as by so doing I can employ a low
pressure of gas.
The whole apparatus is enclosed in a case by preference square shaped, of a
portable size and mounted on a carriage if desired. A thermometer or pyrometer
is arranged in the front of this case to indicate the internal temperature of the
oven.
Steam may also be introduced at any convenient point to the interior of the
oven from a portable gas boiler, or by a simple connection with existing fittings.
The oven is readily heated as required by lighting all the burners (thus at once
producing "top heat" and "bottom heat") and this temperature may be kept up
for any length of time at a low expenditure of gas, that is to say, about one third or
less of the quantity of gas used at first to heat the oven.

page_text: I SIGISMUND LEONI of 66 St Paul Street Packington Street in the County of
Middlesex Gas Engineer do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A NEW OR IMPROVED GAS OVEN "
and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My Invention has for its object the construction of a gas oven which is portable,
economical in the consumption of gas readily heated and kept at any required
temperature.
And my Invention consists in constructing an oven preferably D-shaped or
similar to a retort in form, composed of a fireclay bottom covered by a muffle or
arch of bricks, closed at the two ends as required, the whole being enclosed in an
iron casing preferably square shaped. Burners of a tubular form are arranged so
as to heat the oven in the manner desired.
The bottom or floor of the oven is composed of fire-clay tiles of about two inches
in thickness perforated from the under sides to within a quarter of an inch of
their upper surfaces. Or the tiles may be entirely perforated and such perforations
covered as required by slabs or parts of fireclay, iron, or other suitable substance.
The muffle or arch may be either of fireclay or may be constructed of a wrought
or cast iron frame-work divided into suitable openings to receive thin fireclay slabs
in such a manner as to form a complete muffle when cemented as required. The
two ends of such muffle are closed as required, in front by a packed door and at
the back with fireclay tiles.
Surrounding the muffle or arch at a distance of one or more inches an iron jacket
is arranged suitably packed to prevent outside radiation.
Along each side of the floor or bottom of the oven and outside the muffle or
arch, the tiles are entirely perforated such perforations are arranged so as to be
over the two end burners (one burner being at the right side and the other at the
left and running from front to back) In this manner the space between the
muffle and the packed jacket forms a flue for the production of a "top heat."
The other burners running parallel to each other from front to back serve to heat
the floor of the oven as required.
The burners are preferably tubular and perforated and will vary in number
according to the width of the oven.
The burners have separate cocks to enable the operator to use more or less gas
as required and regulators for passing a fixed quantity of gas in a determined
time. I employ luminous gas undiluted with air, as by so doing I can employ a
low pressure of gas.
The whole apparatus is enclosed in a case by preference square-shaped, of a
portable size and mounted on a carriage if desired A thermometer or pyrometer
is arranged in the front of this case to indicate the internal temperature of the
oven.
Steam may also be introduced at any convenient point to the interior of the
oven from a portable gas boiler, or by a simple connection with existing fittings.
The oven is readily heated as required by lighting all the burners (thus at once
producing "top heat" and "bottom heat") and this temperature may be kept up
for any length of time at a low expenditure of gas, that is to say, about one third
ar less of the quantity of gas used at first to heat the oven.

page_text: In order that my invention may be fully understood I will proceed to describe
it more particularly by the aid of the accompanying drawings in which are
represented the parts of apparatus above referred to.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figures 1. 2. 3. 4. 5 are different forms of tiles arranged together or detached
such as are used to make the bottom of the oven.
Fig 6 is a cross section of the muffle or arch.
Fig 7 shews an example of a suitable casing and heating arrangement to contain
the oven.
The bottom or floor of the oven composed of fireclay tiles may be perforated
from their undersides to within a quarter of an inch of their surfaces as shown in
Fig 4. Or the tiles may be entirely perforated as shewn in Figures 1 and 5 such
perforations being covered by slabs or parts of fireclay iron or other suitable
substance except at the two parts outside where the ends of the muffle or arch rest
as represented in Figure 2.
The muffle or arch A figure 6 may be either of fireclay or may be constructed of
a wrought or cast iron frame divided into suitable openings to receive thin fireclay
slabs so as to form a complete muffle or arch when cemented as required.
The front end of such muffle or arch is closed by a packed door and the back by
fireclay tiles as required.
Surrounding the muffle or arch A (fig 6) at a distance of one or more inches
therefrom an iron jacket B is arranged suitably packed in order to prevent outside
radiation.
Along each side of the floor or bottom of the oven and outside the muffle or
arch H the tiles are entirely perforated as shown by way of example at C in
Fig: 2 and being arranged over the two end burners E E¹ Fig 7 the space between
the muffle or arch A and the jacket B (packed as above stated) forms a flue for the
production of a "top heat" The other burners running parallel to each other from
front to back serve to heat the floor of the oven as required and are shewn at
D, D¹, D¹¹, D¹¹ Fig: 7.
.
The burners have separate cocks F F F" F" F" F fig 7 and also regulators, a
pressure gauge may be used as shewn at G Fig 7.
The apparatus is enclosed in a suitable and preferably square shaped case H
Fig 7.
A thermometer or pyrometer I Fig 7 is arranged in the front of this Oven case
to indicate the internal temperature of the oven.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First The construction of a portable gas oven preferably D shaped composed of
a fireclay bottom or floor covered by a muffle or arch of fire brick surrounded as
-shewn at B Fig 6 and closed at the two ends and the whole enclosed in an iron
casing substantially as and for the purpose herein before described.
And secondly The arrangement of the fireclay bottom or floor and muffle or
arch of fire bricks together with the gas apparatus for heating the oven by a "top
heat" and "bottom heat" in conjunction with the means of regulating and
maintaining such heat as required substantially as hereinbefore described.
Dated this thirteenth day of Februam 1883