Improvements in Petroleum Engines.
Year: 1894

page_text: VOAL DETE DEVITICATION.
Improvements in Petroleum Engines.
I, OSCAR BRÜNLER of 5 Braustrasse, Eutritzsch-Leipzig, Germany, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The present invention relates to a process for forming and establishing the
mixture of the petroleum-vapour and air in petroleum-engines, according to the
temperature of the engine-parts, especially of the uncooled surfaces such as
the piston-cover, the escape-channel etc., and according to the temperature of the
residues remaining in the cylinder, both of these temperatures being dependent on
the prevailing load of the engine.
This process is to cause that the petroleum-fog from the vaporizer afterwards.
mixes with the column of air drawn in, according as the heating of the engine
increases, for the purpose-(in contrast with the old process), of establishing at.
the place of ignition a not so easily combustible mixture which is very rich of
petroleum-vapours but contains little air, so that the charge is ignited slower, while
the inflammability is kept up.
Petroleum-engines have been found to have the fault, that, in consequence of
heavier charges and the increase of temperature of the engine connected therewith,.
and of the residues remaining in the latter, the ignition of the charge takes place
too rapidly and thus causes beating.
Gas-engines do not have this draw-back, because a mixture of dry gas and air
is not materially influenced by heating in this direction.
In order to reach the aim illustrated by the example given on the accompanying
drawing in which
Fig. 1 is longitudinal section of the cylinder, the petroleum is, during the first
part of the stroke of the suction-period allowed to be injected through the canula c
into the gasifier b, which also serves as ignition-tube, only as long as the engine is.
cold yet, viz. about between 0 and . When the engine has become warm the
injection is allowed to take place between and, if the heating of it is too great
the injection is effected between and and finally between and 1.
Then, as long as the engine is cold yet, the whole column of air drawn in will be
uniformly penetrated by the petroleum-vapours, the development of which requires
a certain time, and an easily inflammable mixture will be formed. If however the
engine has got hot and the injection of the petroleum takes place later, only the
end of the air-column drawn in, which is near the ignition tube, will take up
petroleum-vapours which therefore have a smaller quantity of air, so that, as
hereinbefore mentioned, the velocity of combustion decreased while the inflamma-
bility is kept up.
If the engine has a gasifier which is checked by a valve or the like, this valve
only requires to be sooner or later opened.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
In petroleum-engines the process of altering the formation of the mixture,.
according as the load and the temperature increase, in order to prevent the beating.

page_text: by such an increase of the petroleum-fog in the part of the mixture situated near
the place of ignition, that, the inflammability being kept up, the velocity of
combustion is reduced for want of oxygen.
31
1004
OSCAR BRÜNLER.