WARMING OR HEATING RAILWAY CARRIAGES, MILLS, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS BUILDINGS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, THOMAS MORRIS 142 Blackburn Road Bolton Joiner and Builder do hereby
declare the nature of my Invention for "WARMING OR HEATING RAILWAY
CARRIAGES, MILLS, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS BUILDINGS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to an improved method of warming or heating railway
carriages, cotton or other mills, public buildings, and other similar places, by means
of hot or heated air, and consists in the case of railway carriages in placing a
suitable tube or tubes in the fire or smoke-box of the locomotive engine driving
the same, or other suitable place for obtaining the requisite heat.
Through this tube or tubes the air is forced by a fan or other mechanical means,
and heated, after which, it is conducted through suitable pipes and connections to
the underside of the carriages; being distributed by two pipes being placed across
each compartment, so as to be convenient for all parties travelling in the carriages
to place their feet on, as well as keeping the same well aired, thus making the same
warm and comfortable. In case the tube for heating the air is placed in the fire,
it is provided with a suitable lining of fire-clay to prevent it being burned or
destroyed by fire.
In applying my Invention for cotton or other mills, public buildings, and other
similar places, the heated air is obtained by placing the pipes in the steam boiler
flues, or over the fires in the same, or by other similar means provided for obtaining
heat, being forced or drawn through as previously described by a fan or other
suitable means, from whence it is distributed through suitable tubes or pipes to the
various rooms required to be heated and so on; the arrangement depending
entirely upon the construction and form of the buildings to which it may be
applied.

page_text: I THOMAS MORRIS of 142 Blackburn Road, Bolton in the County of Lancaster,
Joiner and Builder, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "WARMING
OR HEATING RAILWAY CARRIAGES, MILLS, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS BUILDINGS,"
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My Invention relates to an improved method of warming or heating railway
carriages, cotton, or other mills, public buildings, and other similar places, by
means of hot or heated air, and consists in the case of railway carriages in placing
a suitable tube or tubes in the fire or smoke box of the locomotive engine driving
the same, or other suitable place for obtaining the requisite heat. Through this
tube or tubes the air is forced by a fan or other mechanical means and heated, after
which it is conducted through suitable pipes and connections to the underside of
the carriages, being distributed by two pipes being placed across each compartment,
so as to be convenient for all parties travelling in the carriages to place their feet
on, as well as keeping the same well aired, thus making the same warm and
comfortable. In case the tube for heating the air is placed in the tire, it is provided
with a suitable lining of fire-clay to prevent its being burnt or destroyed by fire.
In applying my Invention for cotton or other mills, public buildings, and other
similar places, the heated air is obtained by placing the pipes in the steam boiler
flues, or over the fires in the same, or by other similar means provided for obtaining
heat, being forced or drawn through as previously described by a fan or other
suitable means, from whence it is distributed through suitable tubes or pipes to the
various rooms required to be heated, and so on, the arrangement depending entirely
upon the construction and form of the buildings to which it may be applied.
In order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried into
operation, I will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, reference
being made to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying Drawings shews my improved method of heating
railway carriages as above described. A is the fan for forcing the air to be heated
through the pipes B to the smoke-box C of the locomotive engine. The pipes are
arranged in any convenient way in the smoke-box C, from whence the return is
coupled to the pipes D, and the heated air is conducted thereby to the carriages, as
shewn by the arrows, each compartment being supplied with the horizontal pipes E
extending across or otherwise of the various compartments, on which the passengers
can place their feet at will. The pipes D are connected at the end of each carriage
by the expanding couplings D', the same being self-locking. The fan A is driven
from the engine axle F by the band G as shewn, or in any other convenient way
according to circumstances.
In another arrangement the air can be heated by placing the pipes B over the
fire in the fire-box or other convenient place where heat can be obtained.
Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5 of the accompanying Drawings shew my improved method
of heating air for warming cotton or other mills, public buildings, and other similar
places. H is an ordinary horizontal steam boiler, which may be substituted by
any other kind as desired. The pipes B pass from the front end of the boiler down
each side flue, rising again at the back end through the covering of the flues, at
which point they are coupled by the receiver C. This receiver is provided with a
number of branches according to the number of rooms to be heated, as in Fig. 4,
each being provided with the valves I, which enables one or more rooms to be
heated as required. To the valves I the outlet pipes D are connected, which are
carried in the various directions required.

page_text: The inlets of the pipes B are provided with the nozzles J, being provided with
the steam jet M, supplied by the pipes N from the steam pipes O on the boiler or
other suitable place. The nozzles J are open at the end, as well as being supplied
with the openings K near the steam jet M.
By the application of a steam jet (which substitutes the fan in Fig. 1.) a partial
vacuum is formed, causing air to be drawn into the nozzles J and pipes B as shewn
by the arrows, which is also assisted by the action of the draught in the flues to
which the outlets are connected. After the heated air has passed through the
room or rooms to which it is conducted, it is returned by the pipes connected to
the receiver P from whence the outlets are conducted to the side flues by the
pipes R; the delivery of the heated air being in the direction of the draught.
In the case of heating cotton or other mills a moist atmosphere is sometimes
necessary, which can be obtained by placing on the pipes in the various rooms
suitable outlet taps which can be regulated as desired, the moist atmosphere is
produced by forcing or drawing the air by the use of the steam jets M.
In the case of condensation of steam in the air pipes, the water is collected in
the vessel V placed at the lowest level before the outlets R enter the boiler flues,
the end of the drain pipe W being placed in water, thus preventing the escape of
the heated air otherwise than in the flues.
The receiver P is provided with a number of outlets equal to the number of rooms,
as in the case of the receiver C, each being supplied with the valves Y, by which
the heated air can be retained in the pipes in each respective room when necessary
by stopping the outlet.
Although I have shewn a fan applied to a locomotive engine, I would have it
understood that I can employ the steam jet in lieu thereof, and the fan in place of
the steam jet shewn in Fig. 2.
An important feature in this Invention is that after the rooms have received the
benefit of the heated air, it is further utilized by being emptied into the flues of
the boiler or other heater, thereby assisting to economize fuel as well as the cost
of heating. Another is that my improved method and apparatus can be applied to
the existing pipes used for heating by steam or water.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The method of heating or warming railway carriages, cotton or other mills,
public buildings, and other similar places, by the introduction of heated air into
pipes, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.
2. The method of returning and utilizing the heated air to the boiler or other
equivalent from which the heat is obtained or otherwise, and the apparatus for
effecting the same, for the purpose herein set forth.
3. The construction, use, and arrangement of apparatus placed in the boiler
flues, smoke-box, or other equivalent places for heating air, with the means for
supplying the same with atmospheric air, and distributing the same, applied and
operating substantially as described and shewn on the Drawings.
Dated this 17th day of September 1884.