Improvement in Cans or Jars for Liquid Blacking and for other Purposes.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Aug., 1887.
Specification Accepted, 30th Sept., 1887.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Cans or Jars for Liquid Blacking and for
other Purposes.
1 HERBERT JOHN ALLISON, of 52 Chancery Lane, London, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention which has
been communicated to me from abroad by Samuel M. Bixby, Manufacturer, of New
York City, State of New York, in the United States of America, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The object of this improvement is to provide a can or bottle for liquids, particularly
such as are taken out by aid of a sponge or the like,-of superior form, from material
that will not break in handling, packing and carriage; one that occupies the least
space for the amount of liquid contained, and is very economical in cost of
manufacture and transportation.
This invention embraces as a special improvement a head or top for cans, bottles,
jars, etc., having combined therewith a bell shaped nozzle depending downward
therefrom.
Also the combination of the nozzle and head made as aforesaid, with a body made
of Pressed paste-board, Paper pulp or Sheet tin.
Bottles or Jars such as used for liquid blacking applied with a sponge, have
heretofore had the neck set above the body and made with a flaring mouth adapted
to hold a stopper firmly and provide space for the back flow of surplus, exuding from
the sponge, by the compression thereof incident to its insertion and removal from the
bottle in using.
In my new bottle the order is reversed; the body or sides extend above the
aperture in the top for emptying or removing the contents, the top is made
concave and saucer-like, and the nozzle is inverted and placed with the flaring mouth

page_text: downward being made to depend by its upper end, from the top, so as to reach down
into the bottle, instead of standing up outside thereof; by which arrangement the
necessity of the ordinary protruding neck is dispensed with, whereby the head
and stopper are brought into much smaller space than usual, thus reducing the cost
of packing and transportation.
The invention is illustrated in the annexed drawing which shows a sectional view
of the jar or bottle with the stopper and sponge.
The head proper is composed of a disc A depressed in the middle, in which
is an aperture a for the discharge of the contents of the bottle or jar to which the
head is applied, which aperture is sunken below the border of the disc or head.
In the opening a there is a tube or nozzle B, extending downward from said
opening as shown in the drawing. This nozzle receives the cork or stopper ()
and permits the same to project therefrom sufficiently to allow of being easily grasped
with the fingers for removal. A rim c surrounding the head A is for the purpose
of securing the concave head to the body of the vessel or jar. The mode of securing
it will vary with the material, but the rim in most cases will be turned over, as
indicated.
The combined head and nozzle, I apply to vessels of paper where cheapness is the
chief object, but it is also applicable to sheet metal and other non-fragile material, and
may be secured thereto with or without the use of cement or solder.
The drawing illustrates such an application; as there shown the rim is turned
down, in other cases it will be turned upward, and may be applied in various ways.
When used for liquid blacking taken therefrom by a sponge attached to the stopper,
said jar or bottle combines marked advantages. Hitherto the protruding neck
of such vessels has been made with the narrow part below and gradually widening
upward. But in the fact that the amount of liquid in the sponge is greatest when the
sponge is being withdrawn, and least when thrust back after using, I have found
it advantageous to have the widest part of the tube or nozzle C placed downward, and
the narrow part above; so that the sponge when withdrawn from the liquid is
gradually compressed along the whole length of the tube or nozzle. In consequence,
when the sponge emerges from the top and expands, it is nearly freed from surplus,
and hence there is less liability of spattering and soiling the hands in withdrawing it.
In practice the bottle is only filled up to, or a little above the lower end of the
tube ; this leaves an unfilled space around the tube above the liquid and under the
top of the bottle, which space constitutes an air chamber. The liquid blackings are
all more or less effervescent, and such air space aids in preventing the spattering
and spilling of the liquid in withdrawing the sponge.
In restoring the sponge to the bottle the liquid if any remain, is caught in the
saucer-like top, and flows back into the bottle following the sponge. And when the
latter strikes the liquid in the bottle the tendency is to force it outwardly towards the
sides and upward in the air chamber. The sides of the tube are preferably curved,
giving it a bell shape mouth; and this curve prevents the edge from scraping and
tearing the sponge in withdrawing it from the bottle.
By the combination of the concave disc A and bell mouth neck tube arranged
as set forth, I secure the best results in taking out the blacking with the sponge
and in restoring the sponge to the bottle. I do not restrict myself to the degree
of curvature of the flaring mouth of tube and the least I would recommend
is enough to form a full beading around the lower edge.
The foregoing improvements produce a package lighter than glass, not liable
to break and spill the contents. Its compact form and inverted nozzle occupies the
least possible space, gives the consumer the same amount of liquid at loss cost
per bottle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1-A head for bottles, cans, jars, etc., consisting of a disc A provided with a rim c
for attachment to such vessels and having at the middle a discharge aperture depressed

page_text: or sunken below the rim, in combination with an inverted nozzle on the underside for
holding the stopper whereby the nozzle and stopper are all brought within the
smallest compass.
2-The combination of the head having a sunken discharge aperture, and an
inverted nozzle on the underside thereof with a vessel having a body of paper or
paper pulp.
3-A bottle or jar for liquid blacking and other purposes having an inverted tube
or nozzle with a flaring or bell shaped mouth depending downward from the top.
4-A bottle or jar having a depressed top or head with a discharge opening
therein, and in the opening a bell shaped nozzle having the mouth or widest part
depending downward from the top.
ALLISON BROS.,
Agents for the Applicant.