Improvements in or Applicable to the Manufacture of Cylindrical and Tubular Articles of Metal.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Dec., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 13th Sept., 1889-Accepted, 2nd Nov., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or Applicable to the Manufacture of Cylindrical
and Tubular Articles of Metal.
I, WILLIAM AMBLER, of Bradford, in the County of York, Commission Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention to be as follows:
This Invention relates to certain improvements in or applicable to the manufacture
of cylindrical and tubular articles of metal.
The Invention consists essentially in the formation of cylindrical and tubular
articles of nietal by moulding molten metal into cylindrical or tubular forms by the
agency of centrifugal force caused to operate within a mould of the required form and
dimensions and to which a rotary motion is imparted by suitable means.
In carrying the Invention into effect I employ a mould of suitable form and
dimensions mounting the same vertically on a spindle to which rotary motion is
suitably imparted.
The mould may be made entire, or in parts so that it may be laterally opened apart
and closed; it is made with an open top and with a convex, conical or equivalently
shaped bottom so formed as to cause the molten metal when dropped into the mould
to run towards the circumference or side thereof up and over the inner surface of
which it is caused to spread in even thickness by the rotation of the mould to which a
rapid and if required a gradually decreasing speed is given until the metal has set,
after which the moulded article may be removed from the mould either by inverting
the latter, by raising the article within and out of the mould, or by opening the mould
apart.
In the event of the mould being inverted it may be carried by a vertically disposed
plate to which at the proper time a semi-rotation would be imparted. In the event of
the formed article being raised out of the mould the latter may be formed with a false
bottom which at the required time may be raised within the mould sufficiently to raise
the moulded article above the top edge of the latter, and in the event of the mould
being opened apart it would be adapted with suitable means for opening, closing and
clamping the parts of the mould together at the respective proper times for releasing
the formed article and enclosing the molten metal dropped thereinto.
In an advantageous arrangement of mechanism for using a closed reversible mould,
the latter is secured to a vertical spindle working in a bracket bolted to a vertical
plate fast on a horizontal tubular shaft which is mounted in suitable bearings, and is
adapted with a worm-wheel or other suitable means by which it can be slowly rotated,
so as when the article being made is moulded and set to cause the desired reversal of
the mould to allow of the contained article falling out or being removed.
Longitudinally within and throughout the length of such tubular shaft there is
disposed a solid shaft on the front end of which is keyed a friction wheel adapted to
operate a similar wheel keyed on the spindle of the mould, the rear end of such shaft
being fitted with fast and loose pulleys so that during the formation of the cylindrical
or tubular article a rapid rotary motion may be imparted to the mould. The means
causing the rotation of the mould around its axis may be so arranged in any suitable
manner as to cause a differential or slowly decreasing speed of rotation to be imparted
to the mould, the speed at first being sufficient to cause the molten metal to fly to and
spread in even thickness about the inner circumference of the mould, and then
sufficient to cause it to retain such position until it has set.
Dated this 18th day of December 1888.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or Applicable to the Manufacture of Cylindrical
and Tubular Articles of Metal.
I, WILLIAM AMBLER, of Bradford, in the County of York, Commission Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in or applicable to the manufacture
of cylindrical and tubular articles of nietal.
The Invention consists essentially in the formation of cylindrical and tubular
articles of metal by moulding molten metal into cylindrical or tubular forms by the
agency of centrifugal force caused to operate within a mould of the required form and
dimensions and to which a rotary motion is imparted by suitable means.
In carrying the Invention into effect I employ a mould of suitable form and
dimensions mounting the same vertically on a spindle to which rotary motion is
suitably imparted.
The mould may be made entire or in parts, so that it may be laterally opened apart
and closed; it is made with an open top and with a convex, conical or equivalently
shaped bottom so formed as to cause the molten metal when dropped into the mould
to run towards the circumference or side thereof up and over the inner surface of
which it is caused to spread in even thickness by the rotation of the mould to which a
rapid and if required a gradually decreasing speed is given until the metal has set,
after which the moulded article may be removed from the mould either by inverting
the latter, by raising the article within and out of the mould, or by opening the mould
apart.
In the event of the mould being inverted it may be carried by a vortically disposed
plate to which at the proper time a semi-rotation would be imparted. In the event of
the formed article being raised out of the mould the latter may be formed with a false
bottom which at the required time may be raised within the mould sufficiently to raise
the moulded article above the top edge of the latter; and in the event of the mould
being opened apart it would be adapted with suitable means for opening, closing and
clamping the parts of the mould together at the respective proper times for releasing
the formed article and enclosing the molten glass dropped thereinto.
A specially advantageous arrangement of mechanism for carrying the Invention
into effect is illustrated on the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1. representing a side
elevation thereof, and Fig. 2. an end elevation. Fig. 3. represents a method of
discharging the formed cylinder from a closed mould.
On the accompanying drawings, 4, represents a closed reversible mould which is
secured to a vertical tubular spindle, 5, working in a bracket, 6, bolted to a vertically
disposed plate, 7, fast on a horizontal tubular shaft, 8, which is mounted in suitable
bearings, 9, and is adapted with a worm wheel, 10, in goar with an actuating
wheel, 11, or with other suitable means by which it can be slowly rotated so as (when
the article being made is moulded and set) to cause the desired reversal of the
mould, 4, to allow of the contained article falling out or of its being pushed out or
removed (vide Fig. 3.) by the false bottom, 22, which is fast on a spindle, 23, working
within the tubular shaft, 5, and may be moved endwise by a lever, screw, hydraulic-
press or by any other suitable means. The upper surface of the false bottom, 22, is
made of a conical formation for the purpose aforesaid. It revolves together with
the molten metal and the containing mould by reason of its frictional contact
therewith.
Longitudinally within and throughout the length of the tubular shaft, 8, there is
disposed a solid shaft, 12, on the front end of which is keyed a friction wheel or
disc, 13, adapted to operate a similar wheel or disc, 14, keyed on the spindle, 5, of the
mould, the rear end of the shaft, 12, being fitted with fast and loose pulleys, 15, 16,
so that during the formation of the cylindrical or tubular article a rapid rotary motion

page_text: may be imparted to the mould. The spindles, 12, and 5, may be connected by bevil
gearing, or the rotation of the mould around its axis may be caused by other suitable
means and such may be so arranged in any suitable manner as to cause a differential
or slowly decreasing speed of rotation to be imparted to the mould, the speed at first
being sufficient to cause the molten metal to fly to and spread in even thickness about
the inner circumference of the mould, and then sufficient to cause it to retain such
position until it has set.
In order to keep the molten metal in the mould in a sufficiently fluid state to
obtain a thin cylinder or for any other purpose, if desired, there may be combined
with the apparatus a blower, 17, actuated by a band, 18, from the shaft, 12,
and forcing a combined blast of air and gas through a jet or nozzle, 19, directing the
same into the mould, the blast being ignited at the nozzle and yielding a sufficiently
intense heat for the purpose desired. 20, 21, represent stop cocks for controlling the
air and gas supply as required. And further in order to determine the thickness of
the cylinder of metal to be spun or the depth of such cylinder a snugly fitting
ring, 24, of the thickness required may be fitted in the open end or in any required
part of the mould and will gauge the thickness and length of the cylinder formed as
the superfluous metal will escape past such ring.
The cylindrical or tubular article obtained by such improved method may, if
required, be rolled down in any suitable mill, or drawn either cold or hot through
dies until any required size is obtained.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.
1. The formation of cylindrical and tubular articles of metal by moulding molten
metal into cylindrical or tubular forms by the agency of centrifugal force caused to
operato within a mould of the required form and dimensions and to which a rotary
motion is imparted by suitable means, substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. The forination of cylindrical and tubular articles of metal by moulding molten
metal into cylindrical or tubular forms by the agency of centrifugal force caused to
operate within a mould of the required form and dimensions and to which a rotary
motion is imparted by suitable means, and by subsequently rolling the same or
drawing the same either hot or cold through dies in any usual manner.
3. In apparatus used for the purpose of the Invention a vertically disposed mould
made entire or in parts with an open top and with a shaped bottom formed to cause
the molten metal poured thereinto to run towards the circumference of the mould in
combination with means for imparting a rapid rotation to the mould substantially as
herein before described.
4. In apparatus used for the purpose of the invention, a vertically disposed mouldi
made entire or in parts with an open top and with a shaped bottom formed to causo
the molten metal poured thereinto to run towards the circumference of the mould in
combination with means for imparting a rapid rotation to the mould and with means
for inverting the mould for facilitating the removal of the formed article, substantially
as herein before described.
5. In apparatus used for the purpose of the Invention and operating substantially
in the manner herein before described the application and use of an ignited gas blast
for keeping the molten metal in a sufficiently fluid state for as long as desired while
being spun.
6. The arrangement of apparatus herein before described with reference to the
accompanying drawings and the application thereof, for the purpose of the Invention.
Dated this 11th day of September 1889.
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
321, High Holborn, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.