A NEW MODE OF MANUFACTURING THE ROOT CALLED MANGEL WURZEL FOR THE PURPOSE OF PRO- DUCING CERTAIN KNOWN ARTICLES OF COMMERCE :
Year: 1832

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PETER
YOUNG, of Fenchurch Street, in the City of London, Rope and Sail Maker,
send greeting.
WHEREAS in consequence of a communication made to me by a certain
foreigner residing abroad, I am in possession of an Invention of "A NEW MODE
OF MANUFACTURING THE ROOT CALLED MANGEL WURZEL FOR THE PURPOSE OF PRO-
DUCING CERTAIN KNOWN ARTICLES OF COMMERCE :" And whereas His present most
Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth, by His Letters Patent under the
Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-second
day of March, in the second year of His reign, did, for Himself, His heirs
and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Peter Young, His especial
licence, that I, the said Peter Young, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Peter Young, my exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during
the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, and also in all His said Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad,
"the said Invention;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso,
obliging me, the said Peter Young, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the
ame to be inrolled in His said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six

page_text: calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully
and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Peter Young, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention to consist in
manufacturing the root called mangel wurzel in such manner as to produce,
first, a liquor fit for the purposes of distillation into spirit; secondly, a liquor
fit for the purposes of being made into vinegar; and, lastly, a pulp fit for the
purpose of being made into paper. And in further compliance with the said
proviso, I, the said Peter Young, do hereby describe the manner in which the
said Invention is to be performed by the following description thereof (that is
to say):
The mangel wurzel being cleansed by washing, brushing, or scraping, the
outside rind is to be reduced to a pulp by means of a rasping or grating
machine; the pulp is then to be submitted to pressure by inclosing it in folds
of twilled woollen cloths, or in bags of the same material or of hair cloth, and
placed in an hydraulic or other press. The juice which is expressed by this
means is collected, and then placed in a copper, boiler, or vessel, to which
heat is to be applied by any of the well-known means; and so far I do not
claim any novelty in the said process, for I believe it has been used in the
manufacture of sugar from mangel wurzel; but I only raise the juice so
obtained and so placed to a temperature équal or nearly to the boiling
point, adding from eight to ten ounces by measure of diluted sulphuric acid
to the one hundred gallons of juice, stirring all the time and boiling for twelve
hours; it is then to be drawn off into a vat, and carbonate of lime or any of
the known alkalies is to be added by degrees, stirring well all the time till
effervescence ceases, which will be the criterion by which to determine when a
sufficient quantity of such materials has been used, and the acid is perfectly
neutralized. When the mixture has subsided it is to be drawn off clear, and
cooled down by a refrigerator, or any usual means of effecting this object to
from sixty to seventy degrees of Fahrenheit's thermometer. Yeast is then
to be added in the proportion of one per cent. or upwards, and it is to be
fermented, attenuating to the lowest possible point in about seventy-two to
ninety-six hours. The liquor thus produced is then distilled as customary
with malt and corn wash, and a fine spirit will be produced, which constitutes
one of the certain known articles of commerce mentioned in the said Patent.
I should here state, that the sulphuric acid used in this process is diluted with
five parts of water to one of acid.
In order to produce another of the said certain known articles of commerce,

page_text: I take that portion of the pulp which remains in the press, after the operation,
herein before described, has been performed, and to every ton weight of it I
add about one hundred gallons of cold water; this is to be again pressed, and
the liquid produced applied to the making of vinegar by being transferred for
that purpose to the vinegar manufactory, where a sufficient quantity of
saccharine matter from sugar molasses, malt, or corn should be added to
bring it to the required density, when it should be submitted to the customary
process of making vinegar, and will be found to produce that article of
an excellent quality.
The third and last article of commerce to be produced by this mode of
manufacturing mangel wurzel is paper, which is made as follows:-I take the
solid residuum of fibrous matter left in the press after the second operation of
pressing, and passing it through iron rollers, wash it first in water, and sub-
sequently in diluted sulphuric acid, say, 2 lb. of acid to the one hundred
gallons of water. It is then to be removed to bleaching stoves, where it is to
be treated with sulphurious acid gas and chlorine till bleached; (which process
may also be effected by the liquid chlorides in vats). It is then to be washed
with cold water, and this forms a pulp, which, being mixed with or without a
proportion of ten to fifty per cent. of the pulp of white rags, may be converted
by the usual process into white or colored papers; or the refuse or pulp, when
cleansed without bleaching, may, with or without the addition of from five, ten,
twenty-five or fifty per cent. of old ropes, flax, or hemp, be converted by
the usual process into brown or coarse paper, strong pasteboard, or papier
machie.
Now, whereas I claim as the Invention aforesaid, firstly, that part of the
manufacturing or processes, herein-before described, with reference to making
spirit, to which the juice is subjected after the rasping or grating machine and
hydraulic pressure has been used and the juice placed in the boiler, and until
that liquor is produced upon which the process of distillation is stated to be
applied.
Secondly, the process which the pulp after pressure is herein-before
described to undergo, in order to produce the liquor for making vinegar.
And, lastly, the processes, herein-before described, as performed on the
residuum of fibrous matter, in order to produce pulp fit for making paper.
And such Invention being to the best of my knowledge and belief entirely
new, and never before used within that part of His said Majesty's United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, called England, His said Dominion of
Wales, or Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, nor in any of His said Majesty's
Colonies and Plantations abroad, I do hereby declare this to be my Speci-

page_text: fication of the same, and that I do verily believe that this my said Specification
doth comply in all respects fully and without reserve or disguise with the
proviso in the said herein-before in part recited Letters Patent contained,
wherefore I do hereby claim to maintain exclusive right and privilege to
the said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Young, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and thirty-two.