IMPROVEMENTS IN JACQUARD MACHINES
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Crossley, of Newton Moor, near Hyde, in the
County of Chester, Manager, and William Crossley, of Failsworth, in
the County of Lancaster, Designer and Card Cutter, for the Invention of
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Crossley and William
Crossley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 22nd May 1854.
We, JOHN CROSSLEY, of Newton Moor, near Hyde, in the County of
Chester, Manager, and WILLIAM CROSSLEY, of Failsworth, in the County of
Lancaster, Designer and Card Cutter, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN JACQUARD MACHINES" to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in an improved combination of parts forming a
double-lift jacquard machine. The hooks in our improved machine are
arranged in alternate rows of long and short hooks; the long hooks are raised
by one grife, and the short hooks by the other grife. Each double row of
hooks, that is to say, one long and one short hook, placed next to each other,
is acted upon by the same needle, and the cords of each pair of long and
short hooks are coupled together and connected to the mounting of the loom;
by this means each warp can be acted upon as many times in succession as is
required.

page_text: Secondly, our Invention consists in cranking the lower part of the wire
forming the hook at each side, so as to form shoulders which bear upon the
hook board.
Thirdly, in an improved mode of working the jacquard cylinder of double-
lift jacquard machines.
To each grife frame is attached a stud, which, as the grife descends, acts on
a bell crank lever, the lower arm of which fits in a bar connected to the swing
frame of the jacquard cylinder. By this means each grife in descending draws
the cylinder towards the needles, and it is pushed back again by a spring or
other means.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Crossley and William Crossley in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 21st November 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
CROSSLEY, of Newton Moor, near Hyde, in the County of Chester, Manager,
and WILLIAM CROSSLEY, of Failsworth, in the County of Lancaster, Designer
and Card Cutter, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
John Crossley and William Crossley, Her special licenso that we, the said John
Crossley and William Crossley, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said John Crossley and William Crossley, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might wake, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN JACQUARD MACHINES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said John Crossley and William Crossley, by
an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and
seal of either of us, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Crossley and William Crossley, do
hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say:—
The nature of our Invention consists, first, in an improved combination of
parts forming a double-lift jacquard machine.
Secondly, in coupling a long and a short hook, and causing such hooks to
pass through eyes in the same needle; by this combination, cach thread of the
warp can be raised or lowered as many times in succession as may be
required.
And, lastly, in an improved combination of parts for giving motion to the
jacquard cylinder of double-lift jacquard machines.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention, we will proceed to describe
the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of our improved jacquard machine; and Figure
2, a front view of the same, in which some of the parts are omitted, in order
that the others may be better seen. a, a, are the side frames; b, the jacquard
cylinder, supported in the swing frame c in the ordinary manner; d, d, are the
needles, each of which is furnished with two eyes, as shewn in the detached
view Figure 3; d' is the front board, and d the back board, by which the
needles are supported; e, e, are the long hooks, and f,f, the short hooks;
these hooks are placed in alternate rows, and each adjacent pair of hooks,
namely, one long and one short, pass through the two eyes of one of the
needles; each pair of hooks is coupled together and united to the mounting of
the loom, as seen in Figure 1. is the hook board, and y the cord board,
which are made as usual: 9 is the grife for the long hooks, and h the grife for
the short hooks. The grifes are worked up and down by the levers g' and h',
which are actuated in the ordinary manner by cranks or tappets on the tappet
shaft of the loom. The grife g is attached to the guide rods 9', and the grife h
is attached to the rods h²; these rods work up and down through holes in the
top plate a' and through projections from the side framing. To the grife frame
g are fixed studs supporting the bowls, and to the guide rods h² are fixed
studs for the bowls h; the office of these bowls will be explained hereafter.
The jacquard cylinder is actuated by the following improved combination of
parts: To each of the side frames are fixed the studs and j, the former of
which support the elbow levers, and the latter support the elbow levers 1¹.
Each pair of these lovers pass through slots in the side barsk, which are hinged

page_text: to the swing frame c, and supported between the pins j, fixed in the elbow
levers. At each side of the machine is a rod 7; these rods are supported by
and slide in the projections a² of the frames; the left hand ends of these rods
aro pressed against the swing frame c by the springs & coiled round them. The
object of these springs is to push the swing frame out or into the position indi-
cated by the dotted lines in Figure 1, as soon as either of the grifes has been
raised. The Drawing represents the various parts in the positions they occupy
when the grife h is up and the grife g down, and the jacquard cylinder close
to the front board d'. The heads of the hooks e are raised above the knives
of the grife g, and are consequently at liberty to be pushed off the knives by
the jacquard cards; but the heads of the hooks are hooked on the knives of
the grife h, so that when the hooks e are actuated by the jacquard card the
hooks fremain hooked on the knives of the grife. The cranked-up ends of all
the hooks are longer than the lift of the machine, in order that, when one of
the hooks is actuated by the jacquard card, the other hook, to which it is con-
nected, and which is fast on the knife of the grife, may yield or spring. The
jacquard cards, which are not shewn in the Drawing, as they are similar to
those in ordinary use, are now supposed to have pushed back those of the
hooks e that are not required for the upper shed, whereas those of the hooks e
that are wanted for the upper shed remain over the knives of the grife. At
the following rise of the grife g the elbow lovers ', which had before drawn
the jacquard cylinder towards the needles, by means of the side bars k, then
liberate the said side bars, and the springs, pressing against the rods 7, push
the swing frame c into the position shown by the dotted lines in Figure 1. The
jacquard cylinder is turned round one-fourth of a revolution in going out by
the catch m or in the ordinary manner. While the grife g is rising with
those hooks that are required for the upper portion of the shed, the grife h is
descending; consequently, as soon as the jacquard cylinder has been pushed out
and has brought another card in front of the needles, the swing frame c is
again drawn forward by the bowls h³ acting on the elbow levers, which, as
the grife continues its descent, overcome the resistance of the springs, and
again hold the jacquard cylinder against the front board d' until the next
change is required; at this time the knives of the grife he will have descended
below the heads of the hooks f, and the heads of the hooks e will be hooked
on the knives of the grife g; consequently, at the next advance of the jacquard
cylinder the hooks f will be selected, and the hooks e, being fast on the knives
of the grife, will remain stationary, while the hooks f are selected. From the
foregoing, it is evident that during the first part of the rise of either of the
grifes the elbow levers ¹ and ¹ are set at liberty, thereby allowing the springs

page_text: to push back the swing frame c; and during the latter part of the descent of
either of the grifes the elbow levers draw the jacquard cylinder towards the
needles. By this improved combination of machinery for working the jacquard
cylinder a fresh card is brought against the needles at every move of the grifes;
and by the improved mode of combining and coupling the hooks and needles,
and by making the cranked-up ends of the hooks longer than the lift of the
machine, so as to allow one hook to be pushed off the grife without influencing
the other to which it is coupled, each warp can be raised or lowered as many
times in succession as may be required.
We have now described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of
performing the same; but, as we stated in our Provisional Specification that
one part of our Invention consisted in cranking the lower part of the wire
forming the hook at each side, so as to form shoulders, which bear upon the
hook-board, we wish it to be understood that since the filing of the said Pro-
visional Specification we have found that this part of our Invention is not
practically beneficial, and we therefore make no claim in respect of it; but
what we do claim is,-
First, the general arrangement and combination of machinery forming a
double-lift jacquard machine, as described.
Secondly, coupling a long and a short hook, and causing each hook to pass
through an eye in the same needle, as described.
And, lastly, the improved combination of machinery for moving the jacquard
cylinder to and from the needles, as described.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Crossley and William Crossley,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twentieth day of
November, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-four.
(MS)
WILLIAM CROSSLEY. (L.8.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named John Crossley and William Crossley,
in the presence of
H. B. BARLOW,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.