IMPROVED MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR GRINDING, PULVERIZING, OR REDUCING MORTAR, ĻOAM, ORES, OR OTHER MINERAL SUBSTANCES."
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Greenwood, of Halifax, in the County
of York, Engineers' Tool Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVED
MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR GRINDING, PULVERIZING, OR REDUCING MORTAR,
ĻOAM, ORES, OR OTHER MINERAL SUBSTANCES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Greenwood
.
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 6th October 1878.
I, THOMAS GREENWOOD, of Halifax, in the County of York,
Engineers' Tool Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR GRINDING, PULVERIZING,
OR REDUCING MORTAR, LOAM, ORES, OR OTHER MINERAL SUBSTANCES," to 'be
as follows:-
On suitable framework I mount a hollow drum or cylinder by
preference conical and open at both ends. Inside this drum is another
of similar shape but of less diameter and mounted in movable bearings,

page_text: so that it rests upon the inner circumference of the outer drum. The
outer drum is supported upon and driven by friction rollers, pulleys, or
gear wheels, suitably arranged; and the mortar, loam, ore, or other
substance to be ground is fed into it at one end either by hopper or
other suitable means, and as the outer drum rotates the inner one also
rotates by the friction or contact of their surfaces, and the substance or
material to be ground passes between them, and is thus subjected to the
pressure and frictional contact of the two drums or cylinders.
A series of scrapers are provided to cleanse or detach the substance
from the inner surface of the large drum. These scrapers are so
arranged that they may be set to any desireable angle, so as to either
accelerate or retard the progress of the substance or material through or
between the cylinders, that is, from the feed to the delivery end, accord-
ing to the degree of coarsness or fineness required.
This machine is so arranged that if desireable, the friction wheels used
for driving the outer cylinder may be used for moving the apparatus
from place to place, thus rendering it portable.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Greenwood in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 4th April 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
GREENWOOD, of Halifax, in the County of York, Engineers' Tool Maker,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and.
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Thomas Greenwood, Her
special licence that I, the said Thomas Greenwood, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas.
Greenwood, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times.
thereafter, during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully.

page_text: might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR GRINDING, PULVERIZING,
OR REDUCING MORTAR, LOAM, ORES, OR OTHER MINERAL SUBSTANCES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Greenwood,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in whať
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Greenwood, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, and accompanying Sheet of
Drawings (that is to say):-
On suitable framework I mount a hollow drum or cylinder, by
preference conical and open at both ends. Inside this drum is another
of similar shape but of less diameter and mounted in moveable bearings,
so that it rests upon the inner circumference of the outer drum. The
outer drum is supported upon and driven by friction rollers, pulleys, or
gear wheels suitably arranged, and the mortar, loam, oro, or other
substance to be ground is fed into it at one end, either by hopper or
other suitable means; and as the outer drum rotates the inner one also
rotates by the friction or contact of their surfaces, and the substance or
material to be ground passes between them and is thus subjected to the
pressure and frictional contact of the two drums or cylinders.
-
A series of scrapers are provided to cleanse or detach the substance
from the inner surface of the large drum. These scrapers are so
arranged that they may be set to any desirable angle, so as to either.
accelerate or retard the progress of the substance or material through
or between the cylinders, that is, from the feed to the delivery end
according to the degree of coarseness or fineness required.
This machine is so arranged that if desirable, the friction wheels used
for driving the outer cylinder may be used for removing the apparatus:
from place to place, thus rendering it portable.

page_text: In order that this Invention may be more clearly understood, I herein
give reference to an accompanying Sheet of Drawings marked with
figures and letters of reference, the same letters referring to the same
parts in the various views or figures.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation, and Figs. 2 and 3 arc opposite end
elevations of a machine or apparatus constructed according to my
Invention; Fig. 4 is a detail of portions of same.
A is the framework, and B a hollow drum or cylinder which rests
upon and is kept in position by means of the friction rollers or
pulleys C, C¹, C², C³, C, C³. Inside the drum B is a smaller drum D
resting upon the inner circumference of the drum B. The drum D is
kept in its proper position within the cylinder B by the arms E, E¹,
mounted on the shaft F and by the pillar or block F¹, which prevent
the drum from moving in a longitudinal or lateral direction. The
material to be grouned is introduced at the small end B¹ of the drum B
by hopper or other means, and rotary motion is imparted to the said
drum by means of the crank G and friction pulleys C, C³, the material
is then ground by passing between the two drums, the drum D being
free to move upwards and downwards in the arms or bearings E
to accomodate itself to the irregularities of the material under
operation.
Instead of the method of driving shewn in the Drawings and above
described, the drum B may have rotary motion imparted to it by means
of a belt passing round it, as at the point marked B³.
A series of scrapers H are mounted in swivel bearings on the rail I,
for the purpose of detaching such parts of the material as adhere to the
surface of the drum B. The parts marked H' of the scrapers act as
guide plates, by which the progress of the material through the cylinder
may be accelerated or retarded. The rotation of the cylinder being
very rapid the material within it is carried round with it, owing to the
centrifugal force.
It will be seen that by altering the angle which the guide plates
make with the axis of the cylinder, the material will be diverted from
its course, and will thus be caused to travel from one end of the
cylinder to the other in a greater or less number of revolutions as may a
be required.

page_text: The positon or angle of the guide plates is regulated by means of a
hand wheel J and screwed rod K, which passes through the guide
plates and is connected therewith by pins L, one on each side of the
plate. Or I may use one fixed scraper extending the whole length of
tho cylinder, and the guide plates may be placed and worked
independently thereof.
The flanges on the pulleys C and C¹ may be removed at pleasure,
being fastened thereon by bolts; the apparatus may thus be rendered
portable and moved from place to place on the said pulleys. In this
casc it will be advisable to remove the drum B out of contact with tho
pulleys or rollers C, C', and support it by any suitable means upon the
framework.
Having thus described the nature of this my said Invention, and
shown by Drawings how the same is to be or may be performed or
carried into practical operation, I would have it understood that I do
not confine myself to the precise detail of construction or arrangement,
but what I claim as my Invention is, the construction of machinery.or
apparatus for grinding and pulverizing in manner. substantially as herein
shewn and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Greenwood, have here-
unto set my hand and scal, this Third day of April, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.
THOMAS GREENWOOD. (L.S.)
Witness,
J. W. TASKER,
Clerk to Tasker & Brierley,
Halifax, Bradford, and Blackburn.