IMPROVEMENTS IN MA- CHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WINDING, LIFTING, AND BORING FOR MINING PURPOSES
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Paton, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MA-
CHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WINDING, LIFTING, AND BORING FOR MINING
PURPOSES."
Sealed the 10th August 1860, and dated the 22nd May 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Paton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd May
1860.
I, JOHN PATON, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WINDING, LIFTING, AND BORING
FOR MINING PURPOSES," to be as follows, that is to say:-
MENTS
This Invention relates to a combined arrangement of machinery or appa-
ratus whereby the several operations of winding, lifting, and boring for mining
purposes can be accomplished with economy,convenience, and superior effect.
According to one modification of the machinery it consists of a framing com-
posed of a pair of parallel vertical standards heldtogetherbytransversetension
rods. Upon a sole plate extending laterally from one of these standards is
fitted the engine, which gives motion to the winding, lifting, and boring appa-
ratus. The piston rod of the engine is connected in any convenient way to a
horizontal shaft, which is carried in pedestal bearings arranged on the upper
Price 8d 1

page_text: cross rails of the side standards. Towards the opposite extremityof this shaft
from the engine is keyed thereto a grooved frictional pinion, which gives
motion to a frictional wheel keyed to a horizontal shaft arranged below the
crank or first motion shaft. This shaft has fitted to it a winding barrel, the
rope or chain from which serves to raise or lower the rods of the boring appa-
ratus as well as the general winding and lifting work of the mine. The crank
shaft also carries a second pinion near the extremitycontiguous to the engine,
and this pinion, which may be of the grooved frictional kind, gears with a
corresponding wheel arranged on a shaft parallel with the one herein-before
described. This wheel has two segmental portions extending from the rim to
the central boss cast solid, with the exception of a radial slot which is formed
in each, and extends from the rim inwards to the boss. In each of these slots
is fitted by means of an adjustable nut and screw, a stud which carries on its
inwardly projecting part an antrifriction roller. As the wheel rotates these
rollers alternately come in contact with the free end of a lever, which com-
municates a vertical reciprocatory movement to the boring apparatus. The
other extremity of the lever is fast to a shaft, which is carried in suitable
bearings arranged on a framing of wood. This shaft has also fast to it a
second lever, to the outer end of which is attached the swivel carrying the
boring apparatus. As the antifriction rollers come in contact successively with
the end of the first lever it is depressed, and the boring rods and tool are
lifted to a corresponding extent, the amountof depression of theleverbeingre-
gulated bythe pisition of the antifriction rollers in theradial slots of thewheel.
And in this way more or less force in a vertical direction may be imparted to
the boring instrument, according to the nature of the material or stratum on
which it is operating. On the shaft carrying the wheel which actuates the
lever of the boring apparatus is a winding drum or barrel to receive a rope or
chain for raising and lowering the pump rods, and to afford the necessarycon-
venience for cleansing the pumps when necessary. Instead of using grooved
frictionalgearingforimparting the motion of the engine to the windingbarrels
spur gearing may be employed. When the frictional gearing is employed it
is preferred to put the wheels into and out of gear by means of an eccentric
movement which is actuated by a hand lever. The journals of each of the
shafts are arranged eccentrically in their bearings, and these bearings are
fitted in an eye formed at one end of a hand lever, so that by raising or
lowering this hand lever the wheel is brought up to or is thrown out of
gear with the driving pinion.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Paton in the Great Seal Patent Office,
on the 22nd November 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
JOHN
PATON, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said John Paton, Her special license that I, the said John Paton,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
John Paton, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WINDING, LIFTING, AND BORING FOR MINING PUR-
POSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Paton,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next,and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Paton, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:-..
My said Invention relates to a combined arrangement of machinery or
apparatus, whereby the several operations of winding, lifting; and boring
for mining purposes can be accomplished with economy, convenience, and
superior effect. According to one modification of the machinery, it
consists of a framing composed of a pair of parallel vertical standards
held together by transverse tension rods. Upon a sole plate extending
laterally from one of these standards, is fitted the engine which gives motion
to the winding, lifting, and boring apparatus. The piston rol of the
engine is connected in any convenient way to a horizontal shaft which

page_text: is carried in pedestal bearings arranged on the upper cross rails of the
side standards. Towards the the opposite extremity of this shaft from
the engine is keyed thereto a grooved frictional pinion which gives motion
to a frictional wheel keyed to a horizontal shaft arranged below the crank or
first motion shaft; this shaft has fitted to it a winding barrel,the rope or chain
from which serves to raise or lower the rods of the boring apparatus as well as
the general winding and lifting work of the mine. The crank shaft also carries
a second pinion near the extremity contiguous to the engine, and this pinion
which maybe of the grooved frictional kind,gears with a corresponding wheel
arranged on a shaft parallel with the one herein-before described. This wheel
has two segmental portions extending from the rim to the central boss, cast
solid, with the exception of a radial slot which is formed in each, and extends
from the rim inwards to the boss. In each of these slots is fitted by means of
an adjustable nut and screw, a stud which carries on its inwardly projecting
part an antifriction roller. As the wheel rotates these rollers alternately come
in contact with the free end of a lever which communicates a vertical reci-
procatory movement to the boring apparatus. The other extremity of the
lever is fast to a shaft which is carried in suitable bearings arranged
on a framing of wood. The shaft has also fast to it a second lever to
the outer end of which is attached the swivel carrying the boring apparatus.
As the antifriction rollers come in contact successively with the end of
the first lever it is depressed, and the boring rods and tool are lifted
to a corresponding extent, the amount of depression of the lever being
regulated by the position of the antifriction rollers in the radial slots
of the wheel, and in this way more or less force in a vertical direction
may be imparted to the boring instrument, according to the nature of the
material or stratum on which it is operating. On the shaft carrying the
wheel which actuates the lever of the boring apparatus is a winding drum or
barrel to receive a rope or chain for raising and lowering the pump rods, and
to afford the necessary convenience for cleansing the pumps when necessary.
Instead of using grooved frictional gearing for imparting the motion of the
engine to the winding barrels, spur gearing may be employed. When the
.frictional gearing is employed it is preferred to put the wheels into and out
of gear by means of an eccentric movement which is actuated by a hand
lever. The journals of each of the shafts are arranged eccentrically in their
bearings, and these bearings are fitted in an eye formed at one end of a
hand lever, so that by raising or lowering this hand lever the wheel is brought
up to, or is thrown out of gear with the driving pinion.
And in order that my said Iuvention of "Improvements in Machinery or

page_text: be
Apparatus for Winding, Lifting, and Boring for Mining Purposes," may 1
properly understood, I shall now proceed to describe the illustrative Figures
on the explanatory Sheets of Drawings which I have hereunto appended for
the purpose of showing certain modifications under which my improvements
may be judiciously carried out in practice, that is to say:-
The Figures on Sheet 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a side or longi-
tudinal elevation of one modification of my improved winding, boring, and
lifting apparatus. The Figure shown on Sheet 2 of the accompanying
Drawings is a plan corresponding to the Figure on Sheet 1. The machinery
is arranged on a framing or foundation of timber, on the parallel beams of
which are erected the open cast-iron framing A, consisting of a pair of end
standards which are connected by transverse tension rods. Upon a sole plate
cast on, and extending outwards in a lateral direction, is arranged a small
engine B, by means of which the moving parts of the apparatus are
actuated. The piston rod C of the engine is attached to the connecting rod D,
the upper end of which is fast to a crank pin E, which drives the crank F on
the main shaft G. The reciprocatory movement of the valve in the valve
chest H is obtained by means of a crank I, fitted on the outer end of the
crank pin E, which crank is connected by the rod J to the valve spindle K.
The arrangement of the other parts of the engine being similar to those in
ordinary use, it is unnecessary for me to enter into a detailed description of
the same.
On the shaft G, at the end nearest to the engine, is fitted a
pinion L, which is preferred to be of the angularly grooved frictional class;
this pinion imparts motion to the grooved wheel M, which is keyed to
the transverse shaft N. In fitting this shaft, its journals are arranged eccen-
trically in the bearings O, which are carried in the pillars of the framing; one
of the bearings is made to project sufficiently to admit of the eye of the hand
lever P being passed on to it, and attached thereto. With this arrangement,
when the hand lever P is raised the shaft N is lowered sufficiently to throw
the wheel M out of gear with the pinion L on the shaft G, which comes down
on the break block M. It is by means of the wheel M that the necessary
vertical, intermittent, or jumping motion is imparted to the boring tool. In
two of the arins of the wheel are formed the radial slots Q, in which are fitted
the adjustable studs carrying the antifriction rollers R. The studs project
inwardly from the face of the wheel M, so that as the wheel rotates, the
rollers alternately come into contact with and depress the end of the lever S.
The lever is fast to a short horizontal shaft T, the bearings of which are
carried on the upper end of the framing U. To the shaft T is keyed a
second lever V, to the free overhanging extremity of which is suspended the

page_text: swivel W and the brace head or hand wheel X for giving, a rotatory motion
to the boring rods Y, and the boring tool at the lower end of the series, The
weight of the rods Y on the lever S is counteracted to the required extent by
an arrangement of a counterweight used in conjunction, if required, with a
hydrostatic or pneumatic cylinder. On the foundation, frame are arranged the
pedestal bearings of the transverse shaft Z, one extremity of which has fast
to it a lever carrying the counterweight a, which is adjustable by means of a
pinching screw on its supporting lever, to admit of the weight being varied
according to the length of the rods Y. The shaft Z has fast to it a second
lever b, which is connected by the link e to the lever S. In addition to this
arrangement, and to avoid the use of very heavy counterweights, a small
cylinder is arranged below the lever S; inside the cylinder is fitted a piston of
the ordinary kind, the rod cf which is connected to the lever S. At the
upper part of the cylinder is fitted a valve opening inwards; the valvular
passage communicates with a water supply pipe, which is connected to a small
cistern arranged in convenient proximity to the cylinder. An outlet pipe,
the passage of which is controlled by a cock, is fitted to the cylinder; the.
end of this pipe may be conveniently, carried into the supply cistern. With
this arrangement, by adjusting the opening of the cock in the outlet pipe, the
water is allowed to escape more or less quickly from the cylinder, so that the
boring tool has the requisite degree of force imparted to it and no more,
the weight of the rods being counteracted by the presence of the water in
the upper part of the cylinder. Upon the lever S being depressed by the
rollers R, the piston descends, and a further supply of water flows into the
cylinder through the valve, which serves to check the sudden descent of
the rods, when the lever S is liberated from the rollers.
This arrangement may be modified so as to use an air cylinder in place of
hydrostatic pressure for resisting the weight of the rods on the lever S. In
front of the framing U is fitted a spring buffer apparatus, which serves to
modify the force of the blows when a new boring tool has been screwed to
the rods. This consists of the cast-iron pillar d, on the upper part of which
is a cylinder e partially filled with discs of vulcanized india-rubber, on which
rests a disc on the spindle of the buffer f. This spindle is screwed, and by
means of the nut f" the buffer may be raised so as to keep the lever V raised,
so that when the men work the brace head X, their pressure upon it com-
presses the india-rubber, and a series of light springing blows are imparted to
the boring tool, which serve to clear out the hole when a new boring tool is
put into requisition. In lieu of the arrangement of a spring buffer, a helical
spring g may be used for the purpose of keeping the front end of the lever V

page_text: up when required. In working with this apparatus it is preferred to erect
over the place where the boring is made a lofty staging, so as to admit of the
rods being hung thereon in long lengths. I prefer this staging to be about
forty-five feet in height, with convenience for the workmen to ascend to an
open gallery, in the floor of which are cut slots to admit of the chain and wire
rope passing through as well as for hanging the lengths of rods. To the cross
beam overhead are hung the two pulleys, over which are passed the chain for
lifting the rods, and the wire rope for raising and lowering the pump. The
arrangement of the staging is to facilitate the use of the rods, to save
time, and avoid taking them apart in the several six feet lengths every time
they are drawn up. The shaft N has running loosely upon it the drum or
barrel h, which is put into and out of gear with the shaft by means of the
coupling clutch i, actuated by the hand lever j. This drum is used for the
wire rope for raising and lowering the pump, and to afford the necessary con-
venience for cleansing the bore. when required. The rotatory movement of
the drum his checked and regulated by the friction strap k, which is tightened
by the handle 7. The boring rods are raised and lowered, and other winding
operations performed by means of a chain wound upon a secondary barrel,
actuated from the first motion shaft G. This shaft has upon it a second
frictional piuion m, which gives motion to the wheel n on the shaft o, the
journals of this shaft are arranged eccentrically in their bearings as herein-
before described in referring to the shaft N. In this way, by means of the
hand lever p, the wheel n may be instantly put into or out of gear with the
pinion m.
Although I have shown in the accompanying Drawings the shafts N and o
as being driven by means of what is termed frictional gearing, I do not by any
means intend it to be understood that I confine myself thereto, as the ordinary
spur gearing may, if preferred, be used in place of the frictional gearing. The
shaft o has fast to it the winding barrel q, on which the rope or chain for
effecting the winding operations is wound. With these arrangements either
of the winding barrels hor q may be brought into operation as required, or
remain quiescent whilst the wheel M is operating the lever S and the boring
tool. Instead of the arrangement of the duplex levers S and V, the framing U
may be of cast iron, arranged upon a moveable sole plate traversing on racks,
fitted in the foundation framing, so as to be easily moved to and fro. On the
upper part of this framing the lever is keyed to the cross axle, so that by shift-
ing the supporting frame to and fro the fulcrum of the lever may be altered as
required, according to the length of stroke and percussive force it is desired to
impart to the boring rods. This arrangement admits also of the lever carrying

page_text: the boring rods, being actuated by means of a cam in lieu of the wheel M
and rollers R; this cam may be arranged loosely on a transverse shaft, and
be brought into gear therewith by means of a coupling clutch or other
similar contrivance. In this manner boring, winding, and other generally
similar mining operations are performed with great facility, the only part
requiring manual attention being the turning of the boring tool by means
of the hand wheel X.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, I would observe in conclusion, that what I consider novel and
original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
First, the general arrangement and construction of machinery or apparatus
for winding, lifting, and boring for mining purposes, as herein-before described
and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
Second, the system or mode of effecting the winding and lifting operations
¡n mining or searching for minerals by means of machinery or apparatus,
arranged as herein-before described and shown in the accompanying Drawings,
or any mere equivalent therefor.
Third, the system or mode of actuating or imparting a vertical reciprocatory
movement to the boring tool in mining operations by self-acting mechanical
means, as herein-before described and delineated in the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Paton, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentieth day of November, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty.
JOHN PATON. (L.S.)