IMPROVED MEANS OR APPLIANCES FOR WATER CLOSETS SANITARY AND OTHER PURPOSES"
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Weaver of 406 Clapham Road, in the County
of Surrey, Civil Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVED MEANS OR
APPLIANCES FOR WATER CLOSETS SANITARY AND OTHER PURPOSES"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Weaver at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th February 1882.
RICHARD WEAVER of 406 Clapham Road in the County of Surrey, Civil
Engineer, "IMPROVED MEANS OR APPLIANCES FOR WATER CLOSETS, SANITARY
AND OTHER PURPOSES."
This Invention for improved means, or appliances for water closets, sanitary and
other appliances, consists mainly as follows:-The pan of the closet is constructed
in any suitable manner. Around the bottom of the pan, and exterior to same, is
fitted the trap and bend, made of metal, said trap being somewhat of the form
thus
The end of the bend is attached to the soil pipe. In this form of
closet a valve may or may not be employed, as the peculiar form of the bend
ensures, a portion of the flush being retained in the pan, between the trap and the
dip of the pan. Any suitable valve can be employed to the closet and trap.-
According to another form adapted for closets a press or push down or pull up
lever or handle is used, the lower end being secured to a second lever or arm the
opposite end of which works freely in a slotted arm or tumbler. To the said lever
or arm, immediately under the outlet from pan or basin, and secured preferably
with the tumbler, is the valve, closing the outlet from basin.-On pressing or
pulling the first mentioned lever, the lever or arm under the pan slides in the slot
or tumbler, and at the same time the valve under the outlet of pan is withdrawn,
the contents of the pan issuing into the trap and bend, the flush being simultaneously
given to the basin or pan. On withdrawing the pressure or pull on the knob or
handle, the lover by its own weight rises or falls, closing the outlet. When the
pan or slab for slops etc. is applied to a closet, the seat of the closet is hinged.—The
slop slab is so forined as to fit into suitable recess immediately over the closet pan;
and is sloped inwardly towards the mouth of the closet pan.-When the slops are
Di 11

page_text: to be emptied, the seat of the closet is raised and by the peculiar form of the slab,
the slops etc. by gravity fall into the closet pan, and away through the trap.-By
this arrangement the splashing on the seat as at present, is entirely obviated.-The
slab can be removed and cleansed and replaced at will, and can be also used for
ordinary sinks.
The peculiar form of trap before described applied to closets can be used for
gullies, to prevent reflux of water, and can be used also as a self cleansing gulley
for waste pipes froin baths, sinks, etc., and when so applied to stable or yard gullies,
a perforated or wire box or cage can be inserted, serving as a strainer, also with
box to receivo dirt.
The gulley is supplied with or without a ball, to reduce evaporation of water.
-To the press down or pull up valve an arm is attached, for actuating a peculiar
form of valve, admitting the water into the pan, and to secure a full and effectivo
scouring action of the water, I arrange the openings through which the water
passes into the pan, of such form that a quick and almost instantaneous discharge
is ensured.
In valve closets I arrange a vent about the same diameter as the outgo or neck
of the closet or basin.-This vent passes from the valve or conductor box to the
external air, said vent being furnished with or without a self-acting flap valve.
By using this vont, the noxious gases, are forced through the vent, and thence
to the external air, and thus the usual uprush of foul air is avoided the air in the
basin by this action being drawn down through the vent,-To secure a perfect
joint, I use a screw piece or collar, which is screwed over the joints in the various
parts or joints of the closet, and thus the usual method of joining by putty is
avoided.
An improved automatic or flush tank if preferred can be used for flushing
closets and appliances hereinbefore described.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Richard Weaver in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
16th August 1882.
RICHARD WEAVER of 406 Clapham Road in the County of Surrey Civil
Engineer "IMPROVED MEANS OR APPLIANCES FOR WATER CLOSETS SANITARY
AND OTHER PURPOSES."
The improved means or appliances for water closets, sanitary and other purposes
consist mainly as follows:-
The first appliance is an improved hopper closet Fig. 1. the basin of which is
constructed in any suitable manner and material either earthenware or metal, the
basin contains a turtle head jet Fig. 2 which gives the driving action for impelling
the excretal contents of the basin through the trap furnished with eyelets on each
side so as to scour the walls of the basin as shewn in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
The trap of the closet basin is formed in porcelain, metal or other suitable
material, the trap is arranged with an easy ascent of the outgo to facilitate the
discharge and the cross section of the dip of trap is arranged in a straight line
across the top as shown in Fig. 3. To permit of the easy discharge of the contents
of the closet to the upper end of the trap is attached a cone a into which the
basin b is firmly seated. The water supply to the closet is actuated either by a
"pull up" handle or preferably by a press down knob as shown at c Fig. 1
attached to a rod d and crank stand e.
The water supply to the closet may be derived from a storage cistern regulated
by a valve in connection with the press down knob, or preferably from an automatic
two gallon flush tank or other approved capacity of which the following is a
description.
The tank Fig. 4 to be made of metal or other approved material supplied by a
floating ball valve f, the tank is fitted with twin cylinders g, g, with an annular
space between them the inner cylinder g, is provided with a leather rubber, or other
suitable water tight seating h, to the twin cylinders g, g', is attached a lever i
connected by wires or other approved means of communication with the press
down knob c of the closet Fig 1. The movement of the lever i raises the twin
cylinders g, g, so that the water escapes through the bottom of flush tank through
a pipe k to the turtle head jet fixed in the side of the basin. On the closing of
the cylinders the cistern water rises through the annular space by syphon action
and Hows through the inner cylinder which also acts as an overflow to the tank as
shewn in Fig 4.
In conjunction with this closet I employ a slop sink or tray / see Fig. 1 which
fits into the closet basin b and is intended for the reception of slops or other waste
fluids, the sink being arranged with an incline or slope towards the centre opening
to carry away the drainings of the slops and to avoid splashing and soakage of the
closet wood work. The closet is used either with or without a slop sink as
preferred and according to circumstances.
A modified form of closet sec Fig 5 either with or without a slop sink or tray
previously referred to consists of a suitable form of basin with a water tight
valve m fixed at the neck of the basin. In one of the sides of the closet valve box
is connected a vent n of any suitable size but preferably about 3 inches in diameter,
which ascends obliquely from the wall of the valve box o and is carried through
the outer wall of the building where the closet is fixed. This special vent is
provided with or without a self acting valve p. The object and effect of this
special vent is to ventilate the valve box o which is the space between the water

page_text: seal through the trap q beneath the closet and the water seal of the valve in the
neck of the basin so as to carry away to the outside of the building the exhalations
and gases given off by absorption through the water seal q of the lower trap and
from surface deposits within the valve box o and appliances. A further effect is
that when the closet basin is discharged the descent of the water drives the air of
the valve box through the special vent to the outside of the building, also at the
same time withdrawing the air of the closet basin downwards through the neck of
the basin and valve box to the outer air by which means and appliance the usual
uprush of foul air from the internal parts of the closet is avoided.
A similar pull up handle or press down knob to that already described and
shown at c Fig. 1 are applicable to this closet. The water service to this closet
may be from a storage cistern through a regulating valve or preferably from an
automatic 2 gallon flush tank Fig. 6 or other approved capacity, furnished with an
after flush r
This valve closet is also automatically arranged by a counterpoise weight at the
end of a lever so that tho. valve in the neck of the basin closes after the first flush
is over where the closet basin is again charged with the after flush see Fig. 7. The
outgo of the closet valve box is connected to the soil trap by a screwed union 8 or
bolted flanges so as to ensure rigidity and an air tight connection. The special
vent from the valve box is also connected by a screwed union or bolted
flanges
The slop sink or tray referred to in connection with the closet Fig 1 may in
modified forms be used as draw off sinks scullery sinks, butlers' sinks, baths and
for other and such like purposes, formed in metal enamelled or otherwise porcelain,
earthenware or other suitable and approved material the traps shown in Fig 8 to
be used in conjunction with the sinks and attached to the sinks are modified forms
of the closet trap already referred to and shown in Figs 1 and 5. For facility of
fixing for access and for cleaning these traps are furnished with a female screw V
at the upper end and flanged as shown. The upper portion of the trap which is
cone shaped is passed through the sink and with the thread upon its end is screwed
into the thread of trap so that with the aid of the flange referred to and a rubber,
leather or other washer a water tight joint is easily made and maintained. The
coned upper portion of the trap is provided with a perforated grating or grid
which is screwed or attached to the cone piece. To the lower part of the trap is
connected a screw cap or plug to facilitate access into the interior of the trap as in
Fig 8 the said trap being constructed in metal or other material.
As a receptacle for the waste waters of the sinks, baths etc. I use a modified form of
the same trap to receive the waste pipes, rain water pipes or other wastes as shewn in
Figs. 9, 10 and 11; the body of the trap being of any shape but preferably conical
in form and with arms or branches w. arranged around the walls of the trap at a
descending oblique angle whereby the force of the descending waste waters is utilised
to scour and cause the trap to be self cleansing from the waters being properly directed
into the body of the trap in the direction of the outgo. For use in stables or other
floors or surfaces as a gulley from which foul water is required to be carried I use the
same form of trap either with or without the oblique arms or branches as shewn at
Fig 12, the interior of which contains a movable box or a wire or other metallic
perforated strainer y to intercept fragments and detritos may be used as in
Fig 13. This trapped gulley may be used either with or without the box and
strainer referred to and can be used with a ball valve to reduce evaporation
In yards and other places exposed to the sun and weather or in confined
positions where rapid evaporation takes place I furnish the trapped gulley referred
to with a hopper shaped deflector which forms a portion of the grating and dips
into the body of the trap as in Fig 14 so as to reduce the exposed water surface
and to avoid rapid evaporation.
To still further prevent evaporation I use a floating ball which fits into the
lower surface of the hopper z. The ball is also useful in preventing the uprising
of water.or sewage through the drain and trap when the sewers are surcharged

page_text: with storm water or other cause of flooding, but for ordinary purposes I use a trap
either with or without the ball valve as shown.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature and object of the
said Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed or carried out
in practice I hereby declare that I claim the said Invention of "Improved Means
or Appliances for Water closets, Sanitary and other Purposes substantially as
herein before set forth and described and illustrated by the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof I the said Richard Weaver have hereunto set my hand
and seal this Sixteenth day of August in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty two.
Witness.
T. MORGAN
21 Cockspur Street
London S.W.
RICHARD WEAVER. (L.S.)