Year: 1888

page_text: We, THEOPHILE SALLANDROUZE, BENJAMIN LEONCE CHARLES SALLANDROUZE LE
MOULLEO, ANDRÉ CHARLES HENRY SALLANDROUZE, and LOUIS PAUL SALLANDROUZE
LE MOULLEC all of 23 Boulevard de Strasbourg, Paris, France, Carpet Manufacturers
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to the construction and adaptation of parts to carpet looms
whereby figured pile carpets are produced, the pile being firmly held by a canvas
fabric backing, as will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a part transverse section and Fig. 2 a part longitudinal section shewing the
arrangement of the pile tufts relatively to the warps and wefts; Figs. 12, 13, 14, 15, 16
and 17 shew the sequence of actions for producing this arrangement; Fig. 3 is an
end view and Fig. 4 a plan of part of the loom shewing the cams and connections for
moving the weaving parts, Fig. 5 is a plan of the rule for regulating the pile tufts,
Figs. 6 and 7 are respectively front and end views of the reed, Figs. 8 and 9 are
respectively side and front views of the elevators, Figs. 10 and 11 are respectively
side and front views of the elevator guide. The other figures shew certain details
hereinafter referred to.
As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the loop of wool which forms a pair of pile tufts passes
under two warps 0 and 1 and over warp 2 and is situated between two pairs of
warps 3 and 4, a pair on each side. It is held among these warps by three weft
threads, by 1x which passes under 2 and 3 warps and over 0, 1 and 4 warps, by 2*
which passes under 0, 1, 2 and 3 warps and over 4, and by 3* which passes under
4 warp and over all the others, these three wefts being successively beaten up between
each row of tufts. The mode in which this interlacing of the tufts with the web is
effected may be understood on reference to Figs. 3 to 17 inclusive which may be
described as follows. The cam shaft P (Fig. 3) has on it several cams that act on
rollers mounted on adjacent levers moving these levers in opposition to springs by
which they are brought back. The cam B moves the lever B' which by a rod B
moves an arm B³ of a rock shaft C pivotted at c c² (Fig. 4) and this advances the
elevator guide D to the position shewn in Fig. 12 while the elevators E engaged
within the recesses of D remain at rest. The cam H acts on the lever H' which by

page_text: a rod H2 moves the arm H³, raising the rule G. The cam I moves the lever I¹ which
being connected to a link I to lever I³ pivotted at I* moves the rule G horizontally.
The cam J moves the lever J' which being connected by a link J2 to a lever J³ rocks
the shaft J. On the farther end of this shaft is an eccentric Js (Fig. 4) from which
a chain e passes over a guide pulley f to the arm K on the shaft C which is thus
moved to the left as far as permitted by the clearance of its pivots c c. The cam L
moves the lever L which being connected by the link I to the lever L³ pivotted
at N by links g and moves the elevators E horizontally, whilst the cam M acts on
the lever M which is connected by the link M² to the bell crank M³; this by the
link moves the elevators E vertically. The warps-pass as usual through heddles
or plates a a¹ a² and through a reed A which, as shewn by Fig. 6, has its spaces bent
over at b so that the warps when raised as 0 and 1 in the upper spaces b¹ of the reed,
are shifted aside from the lower warps 2, 3 and 4 which remain in the lower spaces
of A. The colored wools to form the tufts are as usual wound on bobbins F³ mounted
in frames F2 carried as usual by endless chains, each frame having a tube d through
which the wool from the bobbin is passed, its end projecting beyond the tube. The
operation with the mechanism above mentioned is as follows. The arms F having
detached from the chain- the frame F2 carrying the bobbin F3 of the required wool
and the tube d, and the warps 0 and 1 being raised into the upper spaces 6 of the
reed A and thus so far shifted aside that the tube d can pass the wool past them
missing the warps 2 3 and 4 which are below as indicated in Fig. 14; the wool is
thus thrust into one of the recesses of the elevator guide D as indicated in Figs. 12
and 13 and is carried to one side by the horizontal movement of the guide D). The
elevator E then rising carries the wool up between the warps 1 and 4, and descends
leaving the wool in the position indicated in Fig. 16. The warps 2 and 3 are now
raised, & 01 and 4 descend producing the condition shown in Fig. 17 whereupon
the weft 1x is shot and the rule G descends from the position shown in Fig. 15 to the
position shown in Fig. 13 and sliding along the warps presses against the wool tufts
raising and adjusting such of the tufts as may have been inaccurately placed by the
elevators E and then returning to its higher position. The elevator E and their
guide D then retreat and the weft 1× being beaten up by the reed A, the wools of
the row are cut in the known manner a little below the tubes d, whereupon the
frames F.and bobbins F3 thus liberated are raised and again attached to the carrying
chains which are moved by the turning of the star wheels so far as to present the
next frame to the arms F. The wefts 2x and 3* are then shot as indicated in Fig. 2,
and beaten up their sheds being determined by the heddles a a¹ a². A complete row
of pile tufts being thus formed and secured, the cycle of operations is repeated.
Fig. 18 shows in perspective a detector action which stops the mechanism should
the shuttle fail to reach the shuttle box Q, and thus prevents such accident as would
occur from beating up with the shuttle left in the shed. When the shuttle comes
into the shuttle box it presses aside the arm j pivotted on and thus moves the
lever R in the direction of the arrow causing the shaft R¹ to rock in opposition to a
spring. This by the raising of the arm S releases the spring 1. connecting it to one
arm of the bell crank m while the wire a pulls m and the slide o. which is connected
to m by a pull p. The stud r at the end of o is then clear of the edge of the batten A
when it begins to make its forward stroke which it is free to do. If the shuttle fails
to enter the box Q the stud is left in the way of the batten which advancing
carries with it causing the guide of o to turn on the pivot q and drag the link s so
as to disengage the stopping levert which immediately flies back arresting the motion
of the loom.
For arranging the coloured wools to suit the pattern the following method is adopted.
Each colour being numbered, there are written on a ruled sheet of strong paper the
number of tufts and the numbers of the colours in a row, and this is repeated for each
row of the pattern. This prepared sheet is taken to the apparatus, shown.in end and
side views by Figs. 19 and 20 respectively, and is wound on a roller v which can be
turned by a handle v₁ till the first row of numbers presents itself, visible in line with
a pointer, which by means of a screw Z¹ worked by a handle T is brought to the

page_text: first of the numbers on the first row. The operator takes from one of the reels in
the frame Z a wool of the colour indicated by the number and engages the end of the
wool on a card on the circumference of a reel X, which he turns in the direction
of the arrow.
As the card a holds the end of the wool it is wound on X and when
it reaches a second card z¹ the operator cuts the wool and fixes the end on a¹. If
the paper on vindicates several repetitions of the same colour, the operator turns the
reel X several times without cutting the wool till the last turn is completed. By the
revolution of the reel a crank y by a link z works a ratchet on the axis of the screw z¹
which moves the pointer 2 laterally along the line of the paper. This carries with
it a fork which guides the wool on to the proper part of the reel between the teeth
of a comb P, the particular wool in each case being determined by the number to
which 2 points on the paper. When all the wools of the first row are thus wound
on the reel X cach in its proper place, the comb P and the card are detached from
the reel and carry with them the wools to be wound on the loom bobbin by a machine
such as is indicated by Fig. 22 which forms no part of the present invention. The
attachment of P¹ and to the reel X and their detachment therefrom is facilitated
by the arrangement shown in perspective by Fig. 23 where and h¹ are spring
catches which can be moved by hand to release Panda. When one of the bobbins F³
has thus been filled, the operator turns the roller » Fig. 19 to bring the next line
of the paper to the pointer, and repeats the winding operation for the next row
of tufts.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
-
1. In a loom for weaving figured pile carpets, the mechanism, substantially as
herein described, whereby oach pile tuft is interlaced with three warps under two and
over the one between them, by the action of tubes carrying the wool down while the
upper warps are laterally displaced in the upper part of bent reed spaces, and by the
action of an elevator guide moving laterally and elevators raising the wools, the wool
tufts thus engaged being fixed by several wefts forming with the warps a canvas
backing to the pile.
2. The construction and use of the reed with bent spaces for effecting lateral
displacement of the raised warps, substantially as described.
3. The combination of the elevators and their guide, with the mechanism for
advancing them and moving them transversely to displace the wools laterally, and
for effecting their retreat before the batten makes its forward stroke substantially as
described.
4. The use of the rule sliding along the warps to raise and correct the wool tufts,
substantially as described.
5. The construction and use of detector stop apparatus substantially as described
with reference to Fig. 18.
6. The construction and use of the wool arranging apparatus substantially as
described with reference to Figs. 19 and 20.
Dated this 1st day of March 1888.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicants.