IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR STOPPERING BOTTLES, JARS, AND OTHER RECEPTACLES FOR CONTAINING FLUID OR SOLID MATTERS, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO SUITABLE FOR WIRING SAID ARTICLES."
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert George Cardozo, of 6, Junction Road, Holloway,
in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR STOPPERING BOTTLES, JARS, AND OTHER RECEPTACLES FOR
CONTAINING FLUID OR SOLID MATTERS, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE
ALSO SUITABLE FOR WIRING SAID ARTICLES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert George Cardozo at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th August 1876.
HERBERT GEORGE CARDOZO, of 6, Junction Road, Holloway, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR STOPPERING BOTTLES, JARS, AND
OTHER RECEPTACLES FOR CONTAINING FLUID OR SOLID MATTERS, PART OF WHICH
IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO SUITABLE FOR WIRING SAID ARTICLES."
The object of this Invention is to provide improved stoppering devices for instan-
taneously hermetically closing bottles, jars, &c., in a very convenient, effective,
secure, and inexpensive manner, part of which is also applicable for securing corks,
so that when a bottle is once fitted with any one of these improved stoppering devices
it is thereby arranged as to admits of its being continuously used any number of
times the bottle may be refilled; and said improvements render no obstructions or
impediments to the effectual washing or cleaning of said bottle when required for
future use, consequently the cost and use of corks, as of ordinary usage, is almost
entirely dispenced with, also the necessity for stringing, wiring, &c. (and for export
the use of sealing wax), is entirely obviated, and the time so saved and the saving
in the cost of corks effecting a great economy; but the principal advantage gained.
by my improved stoppering devices, especially when used for effervescing or aerated
liquors or beverages, lies in the fact that bottles to which said improvements are
applied can be opened without the aid of a corkscrew, but merely by a slight motion
of the fingers.
The very many advantages and great superiority of these said improvements over
the stoppering appliances of ordinary use will be obvious; they moreover preclude
the possibility of leakage (it being known that corks will only resist a given
pressure), whereas with my improved stoppering devices the greater the pressure
from the interior of the bottle the more tight and secure the stopper will be, and
Price 87

page_text: being covered with a cap, either metallic or of any other material that may be
found suitable, the ravages of insects, also of decay, is rendered impossible. They
are instantaneously opened and closed, consequently a person desirous of using a
part or portion of the contents of a bottle can with the greatest facility partake of
the same, and then restopper the bottle, thus the remaining contents will keep
equally as good as though the bottle had not been opened; and, moreover, bottles
can be fitted with these said improvements at a minimum cost.
My said improvements are constructed and applied to bottles in the following
manner I apply under the neck band of the bottle a wire band of suitable
strength, which is furnished with eyes or staples at its opposite sides working in
these said eyes or staples; I arrange a wire proceeding from the one eye or staple
over the top of the bottle to the other eye or staple so working in these as centres.
This wire I term the yoke or bail. In connection with this said yoke or bail I
arrange a stopper made and applied to the bottle in the following manner :-The
lower part of the stopper, which is made of wood or other suitable material, is at
its topmost part encircled by a rubber ring or band, so arranged as to enter the
bottle. Above this and connected therewith I apply a flat base of metal or other
suitable material, and connected thereto are secured two slotted uprights, and
working between these two slotted uprights is a lever, which is fitted with a
trigger-shaped handle, the whole being looped on to said yoke or bail.
. To acquire the action berein-before specified the stopper is merely placed over the
mouth of the bottle, and upon pressure being applied to the trigger-shaped handle
connected with said lever the necessary force is obtained to close and secure
the stopper, whilst to open the same the trigger-shaped handle is merely
raised.
Another method I make and apply as follows:-The bottle is provided with a
wire neck band, and also with a yoke or bail, but which works on one centre only,
connected with said wire neck band, its opposite end being bent or looped to hold
on a corresponding catch connected with said wire neck band. The stopper consists
of a flat plate of metal or other suitable material connected to the said yoke or
bail by two eyes, and to its lower part the portion intended to enter the mouth of
the bottle is connected, which may be constructed similarly to the corresponding
part of the improved device previously described. To the topmost part of the
yoke or bail I attach a lever by which the necessary pressure is obtained.
Another method, which is applicable for securing corks of ale, beer, or wine
bottles, or in any instance where it is found desirable to use a cork instead of a
stopper fitted with rubber or other material, I make and apply in the following
manner I attach to the wire neck band two angular wires, one on either side of
the same, which are suitably bent and arranged to proceed over the top of the
cork, and there unite and lock, so as to safely secure the cork. This simple
arrangement is such that when it is desired to open the bottle to withdraw its con-
tents, or part thereof, by simply turning the ends of said wires, which causes them
to unlock, so allowing the cork to be easily withdrawn. By this arrangement a
much shorter cork can be used if desired.
This same arrangement can be applied to bottles containing effervescing or aerated
beverages or liquors by applying a stopper connected to one of the wires pro-
ceeding over the top of the bottle, which stopper may consist of a rubber ring
or band attached to a flat base or disc made of metal or other suitable material.
A still more simple arrangement may be obtained where corks or stoppers are
used by attaching to the wire neck band two angular wires, one on either side of
the same, and their two ends pointed or sharpened, so as to secure the cork by these
said ends, being forced or pressed into the cork.
This same arrangement can be applied to a stopper by the said stopper being
provided with holes or cavities, or an equivalent, to allow for the easy insertion or
withdrawing of the wires.
It will be apparent that the same effect may be obtained by using more or less
than two wires for the purpose, also by said wire or wires being bent or arranged

page_text: in a different manner; but I claim as my Invention the arrangement and appli-
cation of a wire or wires, or their equivalent, attached to or in connection with a
bottle for securing the cork or stopper in the manner and for the purpose herein-
before described and specified, or any like modification or imitation thereof.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said Herbert George Cardozo in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 10th
February 1877.
HERBERT GEORGE CARDOZO, of 6, Junction Road, Holloway, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR STOPPERING BOTTLES, JARS, AND
OTHER RECEPTACLES FOR CONTAINING FLUID OR SOLID MATTERS, PART OF WHICH
IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO SUITABLE FOR WIRING SAID ARTICLES."
The object of this Invention is to provide improved stoppering devices for
instantaneously hermetically closing bottles, jars, &c., in a very convenient,
effective, secure, and inexpensive manner, part of which is also applicable for securing
corks, so that when a bottle is once fitted with any one of these improved stoppering
devices it is thereby arranged as to admit of its being continuously used any
number of times the bottle may be refilled; and said improvements render no
obstructions or impediments to the effectual washing or cleaning of said bottle when
required for future use, consequently the cost and use of corks, as of ordinary usage,
is almost entirely dispenced with, also the necessity for stringing, "wiring," &c.
(and for export the use of scaling wax), is entirely obviated, and the time so saved
and the saving in the cost of corks effecting a great economy; but the principal
advantage gained by my improved stoppering devices, especially when used for
effervescing or acrated liquors or beverages, lies in the fact that bottles to which
said improvements are applied can be opened without the aid of a corkscrew, but
merely by a slight motion of the fingers.
The very many advantages and great superiority of these said improvements
over the stoppering appliances of ordinary use will bo obvious; they, moreover,
preclude the possibility of leakage (it being known that corks will only resist a
given pressure), whereas with my improved stoppering devices the greater the
pressure from the interior of the bottle the more tight and secure the stopper will
be, and being covered with a cap, either metallic or of any other material that may
be found suitable, the ravages of insects, also of decay, is rendered impossible.
They are instantaneously opened and closed, consequently a person desirous of using
a part or portion of the contents a bottle can with the greatest facility partake
of the same, and then restopper the bottle, thus the remaining contents will keep
equally as good as though the bottle had not been opened; and, moreover, bottles
can be fitted with these said improvements at a minimum cost.
My said improvements are constructed and applied to bottles in the following
manner-I apply under the neckband of the bottle a wire band of suitable
strength, which is furnished with eyes or staples. At its opposite sides, working
in these said eyes or staples, I arrange a wire proceeding from the one eye or staple
over the top of the bottle to the other eye or staple so working in these as centres;
this wire I term the yoke or bail. In connection with this said yoke or bail I
arrange a stopper made and applied to the bottle in the following manner :-The
lower part of the stopper, which is made of wood or other suitable material, is at
its topmost part encircled by a rubber ring or band so arranged as to enter the
bottle; above this and connected therewith I apply a flat base of metal or other
suitable material, and connected thereto are secured two slotted uprights, and
working between these two slotted uprights is a lever, which is fitted with a trigger
shaped handle, the whole being looped on to said yoke or bail.
To acquire the action herein-before specified the stopper is merely placed over

page_text: the mouth of the bottle, and upon pressure being applied to the trigger-shaped
handle connected with said lever the necessary force is obtained to close and
secure the stopper, whilst to open the same the trigger-shaped handle is merely
raised.
Another method I make and apply as follows:-The bottle is provided with a
wire neck band, and also with a yoke or bail, but which works on one contre only
connected with said wire neck band, its opposite end being bent or looped to hold
on a corresponding catch connected with said wire neck band. The stopper consists
of a flat plate of metal or other suitable material connected to the said yoke or bail
by two eyes, and to its lower part the portion intended to enter the mouth of the
bottle is connected, which may be constructed similarly to the corresponding part
of the improved device previously described. To the topmost part of the yoke or
bail I attach a lever, by which the necessary pressure is obtained.
Another method, which is applicable for securing corks of ale, beer, or wine
bottles, or in any instance where it is found desirable to use a cork instead of a 1
stopper fitted with rubber or other material, I make and apply in the following
manner: I attach to the wire neck band two angular wires, one on either side of
the same, which are suitably bent and arranged, to proceed over the top of the
bottle, and there unite and lock so as to safely secure the cork. This simple arrange-
ment is such that when it is desired to open the bottle to withdraw its contents
or part thereof, by simply turning the ends of said wires, which causes them to
unlock, so allowing the cork to be easily withdrawn. By this arrangement a much
shorter cork can be used if desired.
This same arrangement is applicable to bottles containing effervescing or aerated
beverages or liquors by applying a stopper connected to one of the wires proceedings
over the top of the bottle, which stopper may consist of a rubber ring or band
attached to a flat base or disc made of metal or other suitable material.
A still more simple arrangement may be obtained when corks or stoppers are
used by attaching to the wire neck band two angular wires, one on either side of
the same, and their two ends pointed or sharpened, so as to secure the cork by these:
said ends being forced or pressed into the cork.
This same arrangement can be applied to a stopper by the said stopper being
provided with holes or cavities or an equivalent to allow for the easy insertion or
the withdrawing of the wires.
It will be apparent that the same effect may be obtained by using more or less
than two wires for the purpose, also by said wire or wires being bent or arranged in
a different manner.
Part of my said improvements are moreover applicable for applying stoppers
made as herein-after fully described and specified, to the interior of the neck of the
bottle through an ordinary filling or bottling machine, such as is well known in the
trade, in a similar manner to that in which cork stoppers are ordinarily applied to
bottles, and means whereby said stopper is readily attached and detached to the
bottle, all of which said improvements are herein-after fully described and
specified.
The said improvements embodying my Invention will be readily understood by
reference to the accompanying Drawings, in which,-
Figs. 1, 2, and 3 represent one arrangement.
Figs. 4, 5, and 6 represent another arrangement.
Figs. 7 and 8 represent another arrangement.
Figs. 9 and 10 represent another arrangement.
Figs. 11 and 12 represent another arrangement.
Figs. 13 and 14 represent another arrangement.
Figs. 15, 16, and 17 represent another arrangement, Fig. 18 representing a
modification of the stopper shown in Figs. 15, 16, and 17; and Figs. 19, 20, and
21 represent an arrangement whereby the stopper can be inserted in the neck of
the bottle through an ordinary filling or bottling machine, such as is well known in
the trade, in a similar manner to that in which common cork stoppers are ordinarily

page_text: applied to bottles, and means whereby said stopper is readily attached to or detached
from the bottle.
In the arrangement shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 Fig. 1 represents a perspective
view of the device showing the stopper ready to be inserted in the neck of the
bottle; Fig. 2 represents a view of the same, showing the stopper inserted in the
said neck of the bottle (said stopper being shown in dotted lines), also representing
the relative positions of the various parts when said stopper is so inserted; Fig. 3
representing a side view of Fig. 2.
A in the Drawing represents the neck of a bottle, such as is ordinarily used for
containing effervescing, aerated, or mineral beverages or liquors, although it is to be
understood that all my said improvements are equally applicable to bottles of other
forms and configureations. I apply under the neck band of said bottle a wire band B
of suitable strength; this is furnished with eyes or staples b, b. Working in these
said eyes or staples b, b, I arrange a wire C proceeding from the one eye or staple
over the top of the bottle to the other eye or staple, so working in b, b, as centres,
as is clearly shown in Fig. 3; this said wire C I term the yoke or bail. In con-
nection with this said yoke or bail C I arrange a stopper D as follows:-The lower
part and body thereof I preferably construct of hard wood, but other suitable
materials may be employed if desired. At dI cut or form a groove, and in the said
groove I affix a rubber disc or band e, although other flexible or impressible sub-
stances inay be similarily used; this said rubber ring or disc e is so arranged as to
enter the mouth of the bottle. Above the stopper D, but rigidly connected there-
with by suitable means, I affix a flat base or disc E of metal or other suitable
material, and connected thereto are secured two uprights F, F; these said uprights
F, F, are each provided with a perpendicular slot h. I also construct a lever G
conformably shaped with a trigger shaped handle of the form clearly shown in
Fig. 2, which is looped on to said yoke or bail C between the two uprights F, F, as
shown in Fig. 3.
When this device is affixed to a bottle in the manner herein described it is used
in the following manner:-The stopper D, with its connections E, F, is placed over
the mouth of the bottle, as is clearly shown in Fig. 1, when the lever G will occupy
the position as shown. Upon pressure being applied to the trigger-shaped handle
of said lever G at f, and the pressure of the fingers being applied thereto, the
stopper D will be forced into the interior of the mouth of the bottle, as shown
in dotted lines in Fig. 2, the relative parts occupying the position clearly shown in
Figs. 2 and 3, so hermetically closing the mouth of the bottle; whilst to open said
bottle to withdraw its contents or part thereof the lever G is merely raised, when
the pressure of the gas from the interior of the bottle will instantaneously expel the
stopper D and the parts connected therewith.
In the improved device shown in Figs. 4, 5, and 6, Fig. 4 represents a perspective
view of the device, showing the stopper ready to be inserted in the mouth of the
bottle; Fig. 5 represents a view of the same, with said stopper inserted in the
mouth of the bottle (said stopper being shown in dotted lines), the relative_parts
of the device occupying the position as shown; Fig. 6 represents a side view of Fig. 5.
A in the Drawing represents the neck of a bottle, which is provided with a wire
neck band B, said wire neck band being provided with an eye or staple b, the ends
of said wire neck band being twisted to form a pivot c; it is provided with a yoke
or bail C conformably shaped for its one extremity to work in eye or staple 6 as a
centre, and for its other extremity g to catch and affix on pivot c. The stopper D
may be constructed in a similar manner to the stopper herein-before fully described
and specified in Figs. 1 and 2, and to consist of wood or other material, with a
rubber ring or band e affixed thereto. Above the stopper D I rigidly connect a flat
metallic plate E of metal or other suitable material, which is provided with two
eyes d, d, and through these said eyes d, d, the yoke or bail Ċ passes, said eyes
being of sufficient size to allow them to work easily up and down the said yoke or
bail C. To the top of the said yoke or bail C I attach a lever G of the shape and
configuration clearly shown in Fig. 5.

page_text: When a device of this kind is attached to a bottle in the manner herein described
it is used in the following manner :-The stopper D with its connecting plate E is
placed over the mouth of the bottle, as is clearly shown in Fig. 4, when the lever G
will occupy the position as shown. Upon pressure being applied by the fingers to
the end thereoff the stopper D will be forced into the interior of the bottle, as is
clearly shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 5, so hermetically closing the mouth of
the bottle; whilst to open the same the lever G is merely raised, when the pressure
of the gas from the interior of the bottle will instantaneously expel the stopper D
and the parts connected therewith.
A device of this form and arrangement is equally applicable by the yoke or
bail C instead of being provided with the pivot c and catch g for both its
extremities to be provided with loops similar to the loop working in eyo or staplo b,
thus the wire neck band B would necessarily be provided with two eyes or staples b,
as is the case with the improved device shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
In the improved apparatus shown in Figs. 7 and 8, Fig. 7 represents a perspective
view of the device showing the stopper ready to be inserted in the mouth of the
bottle; and Fig. 8 represents a view of the same showing the stopper inserted in
the mouth of the bottle (said stopper being shown in dotted lines), also representing
the relative positions of the various parts when said stopper is so inserted.
A represents the neck of a bottle which is provided with a wire neck band B,
said wire neck band B being provided with two eyes or staples b, b, also with an
extra cye b¹. Working in the eyes or staples b, b, is a yoke or bail C. The
stopper D may be constructed in a similar manner to the stopper herein-before
fully described and specified in Figs. 1 and 2, but in the stopper shown in Figs. 7
and 8 the stopper proper D and its top E are made in one piece, preferably of hard
wood, although other materials may be employed if desired. The stopper D is
provided with two grooves, one at its lower or middle part in which is inserted
the rubber ring or band e, and with another groove at its top part, in which
is inserted another rubber ring or band g; this ring or band fits above the
mouth of the bottle and renders it absolutely impossible for any of the gas to
escape. Above the stopper D I construct a circular shaped enlargement E
preferably formed from the same piece of material as the stopper D, this top E I
form at its upper part with an angular shoulder c¹ tapering thence in the radius of
a circle to c, and in the centre of the top E I cut or form a slot or groove a, a, as
shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 7. Below said top E I attach a slight metallic
plate which is kept in position by the rubber ring or band g. This said metallic
plate his provided with an eye, through which is inserted a link or chain j, the
other end of said links or chain being secured to the eye b¹ in the wire neck band B,
the object of eye b¹, links or chain j, and plate being to securely attach the
stopper D with its top E to the bottle A. To the yoke or bail CI secure a piece,
preferably of metal G, of the form and shape shown in Fig. 8 by preference, its con-
nection with the yoke or bail C being arranged at a point as to conform it into a
lever.
When this device is affixed to a bottle in the manner herein specfied it is used
in the following manner: The stopper D with its top E is placed over the mouth
of the bottle, as is clearly shown in Fig. 7, and said stopper is pressed into the
mouth of the bottle; the yoke or bail is then brought over the top E, carrying
with it lever G which adjusts itself to the groove or slot d at cl and c³. Upon
pressure being applied to the end of lever G, the stopper C is securely forced
home" in the interior of the mouth of the bottle, as is clearly shown by the
dotted lines in Fig. 8, the relative position of lever G in groove or slot a and of
the other parts being also clearly shown; whilst to open said bottle the lever G is
merely raised, which allows the yoke or bail C together with lever G to be thrown
back, when the pressure of the gas from the interior of the bottle will instan-
taneously expel the stopper.
Figs. 9 and 10 represent an improved arrangement for securing the ordinary
cork stoppers of ale, beer, or wine bottles, or in any instance where it is found

page_text: necessary or desirable to use an ordinary cork stopper, whereby the necessity of
"wiring" bottles each time the bottle is filled is entirely obviated. A bottle pro-
vided with the device or devices herein-after fully described and specified, answering
the purpose indefinately, of which Fig. 9 represents a perspective view of the device
attached to the neck of a bottle; and Fig. 10 represents said device when inserted
in and securing an ordinary cork stopper.
A represents the neck of a bottle, under the neck band of which I apply a wire B
provided with two eyes or staples b, b; working in these said eyes or staples b, b,
are two wires C, C, which are bent at right angles, as shown, and their ends c, c, are
pointed or sharpened. Their application will be readily understood by reference to
Fig. 10, in which the ends c, c, are shown in dotted lines forced or pressed by the
fingers or otherwise into an ordinary cork scopper D, so throughly securing the
same in the bottle; whilst to withdraw the cork stopper the ends of the wires C, C,
are easily withdrawn by the thumb and finger from cork stopper D, so allowing
same to be extracted from the bottle.
It will be apparent that the same effect may be obtained by using more than
two wires C, C, for the purpose specified, or by said wires being bent or arranged
differently.
Figs. 11 and 12 represent an improved arrangement embodying some of the
features of the last specified arrangement, but arranged in connection with a stopper
provided with a rubber disc or discs, Fig. 11 representing a perspective view of
the device showing the stopper ready to be inserted in the mouth of the bottle,
and Fig. 12 representing a view of the same with the stopper inserted in the mouth
of the bottle (said stopper being shown in dotted lines).
A represents the bottle; and B the wire neck band which is provided with eyes
b, b; working in these said eyes are two wires C, C, which are bent at right angles,
as shown in Fig. 11. The stopper D, which may be constructed in a similar
manner to the stoppers herein-before fully described and specified, and provided
with a rubber disc or band e, is provided with a circular shaped enlarged top E,
said top E being constructed with two holes or cavities f, f, one on either side
thereof, and of sufficient size as to admit the ends d, d, of wires C, C. The
stopper D with its top E is secured to the bottle by links or chain j passing
through a staple h attached to the top E, the other end of said links or chain being
attached to the wire neck band by an eye b¹.
When a device of this kind is applied to a bottle in the manner herein specified
it is used in the following manner:-The stopper D is pressed or forced into the
mouth of the bottle, care being taken that the holes f, f, correspond or register with
the position of the wires C, C. Upon said stopper being forced "home" the ends
d, d, of wires C, C, are inserted in holes f, f, as is clearly shown in dotted lines in
Fig. 12, thus securely affixing the stopper D in the interior of the bottle, and her
metically closing the same; whilst to open the bottle the ends d, d, of wires C, C,
are merely withdrawn from their corresponding holes f, f, in the top E of the
stopper D, when the pressure of the gas from the interior of the bottle will instan-
taneously expel the stopper.
Figs. 13 and 14 represent an improved arrangement for securing the ordinary
cork stoppers of ale, beer, or wine bottles, or in any instance where it may be found
necessary or desirable to use an ordinary cork stopper, whereby the necessity of
wiring" a bottle each time it is refilled is entirely obviated; a bottle provided
with the improved device herein-after fully described and specified answering the
purpose indefinately, of which Fig. 13 represents a perspective view of this improved
device attached to the neck of a bottle; and Fig. 14 represents the same when in
use for securing an ordinary cork stopper.
A represents the neck of a bottle and B the wire neck band, which is provided
with two eyes or staples b, b, and working in these said eyes or staples are two
wires C and D; these said wires are bent at right angles, but at a sufficient
distance for said wires C and D to proceed over the top of an ordinary cork stopper
when inserted "home" in the mouth of a bottle. The wire C forms a double right

page_text: 'angle, it being again bent at c, as is clearly shown in Fig. 13. The wire D after
being bent at right angles is at a certain distance therefrom bent back, as shown
nt d, where it is again turned to form a shoulder at e, and then again turned at right
angles thereto, as shown at f.
These said wires when so bent are applied for securing an ordinary cork stopper
in the mouth of a bottle in the following manner: The cork stopper is forced into
the mouth of the bottle to a sufficient distance to allow the right-angular part of
wires C and D to be passed over the top thereof; and upon the ends c, f, being
turned or twisted by the thumb and fingers it causes the part c¹ of wire C to
secure or lock itself in a very secure and effective manner behind the shoulder of
wire D, as is clearly shown in Fig. 14; whilst when it is desired to extract the
wires C and D to withdraw the cork stopper, by the mere pressure of thumb and
fingers being applied to the ends c, f, of said wires C and D, these said wires C and D
are turned in a reverse direction, thereby unlocking the same, when they are thrown
back and the cork stopper E easily extracted.
It will be apparent that by the use of this improved arrangement, or by the use
of the improved arrangement shown in Figs. 9 and 10, a much shorter cork stopper
than is ordinarily used may be applied to bottles, so effecting an economy.
In the improved apparatus shown in Figs. 15, 16, and 17, Fig. 15 represents a
perspective view of the device, showing the stopper ready to be inserted in the
mouth of the bottle; Fig. 16 represents a view of the same, showing the stopper
inserted in the mouth of the bottle (said stopper being shown in dotted lines), also
representing the relative positions of the parts when said stopper is so inserted;
and Fig. 17 represents a top view of Fig. 16.
A represents the neck of a bottle and B the wire neck band, which is provided
with eyes or staples b, b; working in these said eyes or staples are two wires
C and D which are bent at right angles, as shown in Fig. 15. The wire C forms a
double right angle, it being again bent at c, so forming an upright end at f, as is
clearly shown in Fig. 15. The wire D which is bent at right angles at d is at a
certain distance therefrom turned to form an eye at k, in which is inserted a loop
or catch F, said eye being made of sufficient size to allow the loop or catch F to
turn easily therein; the form of said loop or catch F being clearly shown in Fig. 17,
its object being when brought or turned over the upright end f of wire C to
surround or clutch the same, so securing the wires C and D over the top E of the
stopper G. The stopper proper G may be constructed in a similar manner to the
stoppers hercin-before fully described and specified, but the stopper represented in
Figs. 15 and 16 is slightly modified therefrom. It is by preference made of hard
wood which, together with its circular enlarged top E, is made from the same piece
of material. Said stopper G is provided with two grooves, one immediately below
the top E, in which is inserted a rubber ring or band g which fits above the mouth
of the bottle, and another groove at its middle or lower part, in which is inserted a
rubber ring or band e. Above the said rubber c I slightly taper the stopper G, as
shown at a, the object being to allow the rubber ring or band e space wherein to
lie snugly when inserted in the mouth of the bottle. I find in practice that when
two rubber rings or bands as e, g, are used it is absolutely impossible for any of the
gas to escape from the interior of the bottle, however great the pressure inay be.
The top E I construct at its upper part with a parellel slot or groove l, as clearly
shown in Fig. 17, also shown by the dotted lines in Figs. 15 and 16, said slot or
groove l being of sufficient size to admit the angle portious of wires C and D easily.
The stopper G with its top E is secured to the bottle by links or chain j passing
through an eye in a slight metallic plate attached to the stopper, the other end of
said links or chain j being attached to the wire neck band B by the eye b¹.
When a device of this kind is applied to a bottle in the manner herein specified,
it is used in the following manner:-The stopper G is forced or pressed into the
mouth of the bottle, care being taken that groove or slot corresponds or
registers with the position of wires C and D on the bottle. Upon said stopper G
being forced or pressed "home," the angular portions of wires C and D are passed

page_text: over the top E, they adjusting themselves in groove or slot l. The loop or catch F
is then brought over the upright end of wire C, so surrounding or clutching the
same, thus securely attaching the wires C and D over the top E, and in groove or
slot of stopper G, so rigidly securing said stopper G in the mouth of the bottle,
as is clearly shown in Fig. 16, whilst to open the bottle the loop or catch F is
merely thrown back, which allows the wires C and D to be thrown back, when the
pressure of the gas from the interior of the bottle will instantaneously expel the
stopper.
Fig. 18 is a modification of a stopper for an arrangement as last specified,
whereby instead of using a stopper to which are affixed one or more bands or rings
of rubber, or other flexible or impressible material, I use an ordinary cork stopper G,
as shown by the dotted lines, which is secured to the top E by means of screw M,
said screw being by preference formed of the same piece of material as top E, and
which may be composed of wood, glass, pottery, or other suitable material. It is
provided at its upper part with slot or groove l, in which said slot or groove the
wires C and D attached to the bottle adjust themselves, as herein-before fully
described and specified.
It will be apparent that the screw M of top E can be easily inserted in an
ordinary cork stopper, which when secured by its top E to a bottle allows it to be
used repeatedly instead of the bottle requiring a fresh cork stopper each time it is
refilled.
In the improvements heretofore designed to provide continuous stoppers for
bottles containing effervescing, aerated, or mineral beverages or liquors, and also for
other purposes, the great objection has been that they are unfitted for use with an
ordinary filling or bottling machine, such as almost universally used in the trade
for inserting ordinary cork stoppers in bottles, whilst in other instances it has been
requisite for the various devices to have a special filling or bottling machine made
specially for their use and application, so entailing a great extra expence for
the special machine, whilst the ordinary and universal appliances are rendered
useless.
Part of my said Invention furthermore consists of a new or improved stopper
and arrangements connected therewith, and also to the neck of the bottle, by which
said stopper is inserted in the mouth of the bottle through a filling or bottling
machine of ordinary construction, such as is well known in the trade, and in a
similar manner to that in which ordinary cork stoppers are applied to bottles,
and means whereby said stopper is readily attached to or detached from the
bottle, or withdrawn from the mouth thereof, as desired, of which Fig. 19 represents
a perspective view of a stopper as hereiu specified, made according to my Invention.
Fig. 20 represents a perspective view of the new or improved attachment to the
bottle, for readily attaching to, detaching from, or withdrawing said stopper from
the mouth of the bottle; and Fig. 21 represents a perspective view of the stopper
inserted in the mouth of the bottle (said stopper being shown in dotted lines), also
representing the relative position of the various parts when said stopper is so
inserted.
In Fig. 19, which represents the stopper, D is the stopper proper and the part
intended to enter the mouth of the bottle, in which are cut or formed two grooves, one
at its middle or lower part, in which is inserted a ring or band e of rubber or other
flexible or impressible material, and in the other groove is inserted another ring or
band g also of rubber or other suitable material, although I desire it to be understood
that more or less than two rings or bands may be employed; also by their being being
affixed to other positions in the part of the stopper intended to enter or to cover the
mouth of the bottle without departing from my Invention. Said stopper proper D
may if desired taper at a as shown in the stopper heretofore fully described and
specified in Figs. 15 and 16. Above the rubber ring or band g I form a collar o; this
together with the top E of the stopper should be of a size smaller in diameter than
the rubber ring or band g, the object being for the said rubber ring or band g to fit
tightly in the interior of the aperture in the filling or bottling machine through

page_text: which the ordinary cork stopper is passed previous to its being forced into the
mouth of the bottle, so completely preventing the escape of any of the liquid, or of
the gas during the process of filling or bottling and stoppering. Said ring or band g
being of larger size than collar o and top E, consequently allows this part of the
stopper to pass easily through the said aperture in the filling or bottling machine.
Above said collar o I form a shoulder c by reducing the diameter of the material;
the object of said collar c being to form a space for the yoke or bail C attached
to the neck of the bottlo (and which is herein-after fully described and specified) to
lodge or attach itself, and at the same time to effectually secure said stopper
proper D in the mouth of the bottle, as is clearly shown in Fig. 21. Above said
shoulder c and immediately below the top E, I taper the material as at f; in some
instances instead of tapering the material, I form a groove therein at this especial
part, the object being of reducing the size of the material at this part being to form a
point for a ring or band of rubber l, or of other suitable means which I may deem
advisable to employ, to lodge or attach at or to, as will be readily understood by
reference to Fig. 21. Above the smaller part c I form the top E by preference of
about a size corresponding to that of collar o.
The new or improved arrangement attached to the bottle for allowing a stopper
of this kind to be readily attached to, detached from, or withdrawn from the
interior of the mouth of the bottle, is shown in Fig. 20, in which A. represents the
neck of a bottle, and B the wire neck band, which is provided with eyes or
staples b, b; to these said eyes or staples I secure a yoke or bail C. The form of
this said yoke or bail C differs in its essential parts to any device hitherto employed
for a similar or corresponding purpose, and it consists of a single piece of wire,
formed with corresponding eyes to adjust or work on the eyes or staples b, b, as
centres. It is then bent at right angles at m, m, to proceed over the mouth of the
bottle, and at a sufficient height therefrom to correspond with that of shoulder c,
when said stopper is inserted "home" in the mouth of the bottle. The said yoke
or bail C is at a short distance from the right angles m, m, bent at n, n, in the form
of the radius of a circle of a size corresponding or nearly so to the diameter of
shoulder c of the stopper, as will be understood by reference to Fig. 21. To an
eye b¹ of wire neck band B are attached links or chain j, to which said links or
chain I secure a band, ring, or disc of rubber 7, although I desire it to be under-
stood I sometimes employ other arrangements and materials.
When a device of this kind is attached to a bottle in the manner herein specified
it is used in the following manner :-The bottle is placed by the bottler or operator
in the machine in a similar manner to that employed in filling or bottling effer-
vescing, acrated, or mineral, or other liquids or beverages, when ordinary cork
stoppers are used. A stopper, as shown in Fig. 19, or an equivalent embodying the
main features thereof, is then taken by the operator and inserted in the aperture in
the machine, in which the ordinary cork stopper is placed, the ring or band g
thereof or its equivalent preventing the escape of any of the liquid or of the gas
from said aperture. The bottle is then filled in the manner ordinarily employed,
when to insert said stopper proper D in the interior of the mouth of the bottle, the
plunger of the machine or its equivalent is applied in the required direction by the
operator, when the stopper proper D will be forced into the interior of the mouth
of the bottle in a manner and by the method similar to that in which ordinary
cork stoppers are ordinarily inserted. The wire yoke or bail C is then brought up
and pressed on to collar o, it lodging on said collar o and against shoulder c, as is
clearly shown in Fig. 21. In this state the stopper proper D is firmly and securely
inserted in the mouth of the bottle and secured therein, so hermetically closing said
bottle, and effectually preventing the escape of any of the gas from the interior of
said bottle. After which the rubber ring, band, or disc l, or an equivalent thereof
is pressed or passed over the top E, it lodging in the smallest diameter, which will
be the tapered or grooved part of the top at f, as is clearly shown in Fig. 21;
whilst when it is desired to withdraw the stopper from the interior of the mouth of
the bottle, the pressure of the fingers is merely applied to the yoke or bail C at m, m,

page_text: when the portion of the said yoke or bail between n, n, will be forced from
shoulder c and off of collar o, so releasing the said stopper, when the internal
pressure of the gas will instantaneously expel the same.
It will be apparent that by this means the stopper is readily attached to, detached
from, or can be withdrawn from the interior of the mouth of the bottle by simple
and easy means, and by its being attachable to a bottle, it after use is returned
therewith, when it can be again used with that or another bottle, and so again and
again indefinately, also should the rubber rings e and g wear or become imperfect
by continuous usage they can be easily replaced by fresh rubbers, and moreover an
arrangement of this kind is very inexpensive.
A device as last described and specified may be permanently affixed to a bottle
by attaching to the top E an eye as shown at h in Figs. 11 and 12, or by attaching
a slight metallic plate between the rubber ring or band g and collar o, as is shown
at h in Fig. 16, also at h in Figs. 7 and 8, and by links or chain j passing through
said eye, and their other extremity being secured to the wire neck band B by an
eye 6, or other suitable means may be employed for the purpose.
Having thus fully described the nature of my Invention and the manner and
method of carrying the same into effect, I declare that what I claim as my
Invention to be protected by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,—
First. For bottle stoppers, the combination of parts consisting of eyes or staples
b, b, of wire neck band B, with yoke or bail C, with the uprights F, F, provided
with slots h, attached to metallic plate E, with stopper D, which is provided with a
rubber ring or band, or bands e, arranged to enter the mouth of the bottle, with
lever G provided with a trigger-shaped handle, substancially as and for the purpose
as herein-before fully described and specified in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, or of any like
imitation or modification thereof.
Second. For bottle stoppers, the combination of parts consisting of eye or staple
b, and pivot c, of wire neck band B, with yoke or bail C, and catch g, with eyes
d, d, of plate E, with stopper D, provided with a rubber ring or band, or bands e,
arranged to enter the mouth of the bottle, with the lever G, substancially as and
for the purpose as herein-before fully described and specified in Figs. 4, 5, and 6, or
of any like imitation or modification thereof.
Third. For bottle stoppers, the combination of parts consisting of eyes or staples
b, b, of wire neck band B, with yoke or bail C, with the stopper D, provided with
rubber rings or bands e, g, intended to enter and to cover the mouth of the bottle,
with top E, provided with slot or groove a, arranged with shoulder c¹, and radially
tapered part c³, with lever G, substancially as and for the purpose as herein-before
fully described and specified in Figs. 7 and 8, or of any like modification or
imitation thereof.
Fourth. For bottle stoppers, the combination of parts consisting of eyes or staples
b, b, of wire neck band B, with angular wires C, C, provided with pointed or
sharpened ends d, d, substancially as and for the purpose as herein-before fully
described and specified in Figs. 9 and 10, or of any like imitation or modification
thereof.
Fifth. For bottle stoppers, the combination of parts consisting of eyes or staples
b, b, of wire neck band B, with wires C, C, having angular ends d, d, intended to
enter holes ff, in top E, of stopper D, provided with a rubber ring or band, or bands
e, and attachments consisting of staple h, links or chain j, and eye b', substancially
as and for the purpose as herein-before fully described and specified in Figs. 11 and
12, or of any like imitation or modification thereof.
Sixth. For bottle stoppers, the combination of parts consisting of eyes or staples
b, b, of wire neck band B, with angular wires C and D, said wire C being provided
with a double right angle c, and end c, said wire D being formed with a turn at d,
a shoulder e, and end f, substancially as and for the purpose as herein-before fully
described and specified in Figs. 13 and 14, or of any like imitation or modification
thereof.
Seventh. For bottle stoppers, the combination of parts consisting of eyes or staples

page_text: b, b, of wire neck band B, with angular wires C and D, said wire C being again bent
at c, and provided with an upright end f, said wire D being bent at d, and arranged
with an eye k, and provided therein with loop or catch F, and arranged with groove
or slot 1, of top E of the stopper proper G, said stopper proper G being provided
with rubber rings or bands e and gand a tapered part a, and-attachments consisting
of plate h, links or chain j, and eye b¹, substancially as and for the purpose as herein-
before fully described and in Figs. 15, 16, and 17, or of any like imitation or modi-
fication thereof.
Eighth. For bottle stoppers, the arrangement and combination of stopper proper
D with enlarged rubber ring or band g, also with ring or band e provided with
a collar o, a shoulder c, the tapered or grooved part f, and top E, (the whole arranged
so as to allow said bottle stopper to pass through the aperture in the bottling or
filling machine, through which an ordinary cork stopper is passed in the manner
ordinarily employed where a bottling or filling machine is used,) substancially as and
for the purpose as herein-before fully described and specified in Fig. 19, or of any
like. imitation or modification thereof.
Nineth. For bottle stoppers, the combination and arrangemont with the stopper
proper D of two (or more) elastic rings, bands, discs, or an equivalent thereof,
intended to enter, and also to cover the mouth of the bottle, substancially as and
for the purpose as herein-before fully described and specified in Fig. 19, or of any
like imitation or modification thereof.
Tenth. For bottle stoppers, the combination of parts consisting of eyes or staples
b, b, of wire neck band B, with yoke or bail C, said yoke or bail C being turned at
right angles at m, m, and radially formed at n, n, substancially as and for the purpose
of loding on collar o, and against shoulder c of the stopper, with attachments
consisting of eye b¹, links or chain or an equivalent thereof j, with ring, band, disc,
of an equivalent thereof, arranged to attach to or over top E, substancially as and
for the purpose as herein-before fully described and specified in Figs. 20 and 21, or
of any like imitation or modification thereof.
Eleventh. For bottle stoppers, the combination and arrangement of parts by
which a stopper may be passed through the aperture in an ordinary filling or
bottling machine intended for an ordinary cork stopper, to be passed in the manner
ordinarily employed where a filling or bottling machine is used and inserted in the
mouth of the bottle, substancially for the purpose as herein-before fully described
and specified or of any like imitation or modification thereof.
Twelfth. For bottle stoppers, the combination and arrangement of parts arranged
in a manner, whereby the yoke or bail admits of immediately adjusting itself for
securing the stopper at any desired part when the stopper proper is inserted
home" in the mouth of the bottle, substancially for the purpose as herein-before
fully described and specified or of any like imitation or modification thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert George Cardozo, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.