IMPROVE- " MENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING FIGURED DESIGNS ON TEXTILE FABRICS BY RAISING THE PILE OR NAP THEREOF
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Denton Abel of No 28 Southampton Buildings
Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex for an Invention of "IMPROVE-
"
MENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING FIGURED DESIGNS
ON TEXTILE FABRICS BY RAISING THE PILE OR NAP THEREOF Communicated
to him from Abroad by La Societé A. Labrosse et J. Richard, Manufacturers,
of Sedan, Ardennes, France
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Denton Abel at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th February 1883.
CHARLES DENTON ABEL of N° 28 Southampton Buildings Chancery Lane in the
County of Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS For
PRODUCING FIGURED DESIGNS ON TEXTILE FABRICS BY RAISING THE PILE OR NAP
THEREOF." [Communicated to him from Abroad by La Societé A. Labrosse et
J. Richard, Manufacturers, of Sedan, Ardennes, France]
According to this invention a continuously revolving card cylinder- acts on the
fabric which is moved continuously over an edge presented towards the card, so as
to raise a pile or nap on the fabric, but between the fabric and the revolving card
cylinder is interposed a thin sheet of metal or other suitable material travelling at
the same speed as the fabric, which sheet is perforated like a stencil plate with the
figures of the pile that is to be raised on the fabric, the card being thus permitted
to act only on those parts of the fabric that are exposed through the perforations.
The stencil sheet may be an endless web of a flexible material made to travel over
guide rollers uniformly with the travelling fabric; or it may be a cylindrical metal
shell of a diameter somewhat more than double that of the card cylinder which
revolves within it, the axes of the two cylinders being so situated that the
travelling fabric tangential at the same point to both of them. With the stencil
sheet or cylinder and the card cylinder may be combined a shearing apparatus to
cut the raised pile to uniform height. There is thus produced in a continuous
manner a velvet or piled surface figured according to the design of the perforated
parts of the stencil sheet or cylinder, such figuring being produced either in raised
or sunk designs, or in bright and dull effects, according as the fabric may be
prepared beforehand, by wetting or otherwise.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Denton - Abel in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
25th August 1883. .
"
CHARLES DENTON ABEL of N° 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the
county of Middlesex IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR
PRODUCING FIGURED DESIGNS ON TEXTILE FABRICS BY RAISING THE PILE OR NAP
THEREOF A communication to me from abroad by La Societé A. Labrosse et
J. Richard, Manufacturers of Sedan, Ardennes, France
"
According to this invention, a continuously revolving card cylinder acts on the
fabric which is moved continuously over an edge presented towards the card, so as
to raise a pile or nap on the fabric, but between the fabric and the revolving card
cylinder is interposed a tbin sheet of metal or other suitable material travelling at
the same speed as the fabric, which sheet is perforated tlike a stencil plate with the
figures of the pile that is to be raised on the fabric, the card being thus permitted
to act only on those parts of the fabric that are exposed through the perforations.
The stencil sheet may be an endless web of a flexible material made to travel over
guide rollers uniformly with the travelling fabric; or it may be a cylindrical metal
shell of a diameter somewhat more than double that of the card cylinder which
revolves within it, the axes of the two cylinders being so situated that the
With the stencil
travelling fabric is tangential at the same point to both of them.
sheet or cylinder and the card cylinder may be combined a shearing apparatus to
cut the raised pile to uniform height. There is thus produced, in a continuous
manner a velvet or piled surface figured according to the design of the perforated
parts of the stencil sheet or cylinder, such figuring being produced either in raised
or sunk designs, or in bright and dull effects, according as the fabric may be
prepared beforehand, by wetting or otherwise.
A
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings is a side view and fig. 2 an end view of one
arrangement of machine according to this invention. A is the card cylinder which
is caused to revolve within the cylindrical shell B, which is perforated with the
desired stencil pattern. B is internally toothed as indicated at. C, the teeth
gearing with those of a pinion D which is caused to revolve continuously by any
suitable gearing. In this case, the shell B turns on rollers O mounted in semi-
cular [sic] frames M. Instead of employing the internal gearing C and D, external
gearing C¹ and D' may be used, the shell B then running on internal rollers mounted
.on a curved frame T, or on these as well as the rollers O. The line E represents
the fabric which by the revolution of the roller F is caused to travel over an edge I
presented to the stencil cylinder B near the point of contact of the card cylinder A.
In order to vary the speed of revolution of the shell B, the pinion D or D' may be
driven by friction of a wheel K. pressed against a disc L at a point nearer to or
farther from the centre of L, and according as this speed is varied relatively to that
of the roller F, the design of the figured pile raised on the fabric will be varied.
Fig. 3 shews an arrangement in which a continuous stencil sheet B¹ B¹ passing
round guide rollers G is used instead of a stencil cylindrical shell, the rollers G
• being mounted in slots b, so that the sheet can be tightened. According to a
modified apparatus shewn in fig 4, the fabric E is passed between the card cylinder A
and a roller I engraved with sunk designs, the speed of this roller being variable as
desired by sliding the driving wheel Q nearer to or farther from the centre of a
disc on the axis of L. This roller I, instead of having its sunk design engraved, may
be made by soldering or otherwise fixing on the periphery of a plain roller a stencil
sheet of metal bent round it.

page_text: It is to be understood that in all forms of the apparatus the speed of the stencil
or sunk surface, relatively to that of the fabric, may be varied, different rates of
their relative movement producing different effects of the pile or nap raised on the
fabric.
Having thus described the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondents, I claim :-
First Producing a figured piled surface on a fabric by subjecting it as it travels
to a card localised in its action by a travelling stencil surface interposed between
the fabric and the card, substantially as herein described.
Second: For the purpose referred to in the preceding claim, a revolving card
cylinder and a travelling stencil surface, in combination with means of causing a
fabric to travel between the stencil surface and a guiding edge, substantially as
herein described.
In Witness whereof, I the said Charles Denton Abel have hereunto set my hand
and seal this twenty fifth day of August in the year of our Lord one thousand,
eight hundred and eighty-three.
CHA³. D. ABEL (L.s.)