An Improved Method of and Apparatus for Obtaining Motive Power.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Aug., 18:0
Complete Specification Left, 2nd May, 1891-Accepted, 6th June, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by HENRY AUGUSTUS MANNING, of 57, Beekman
Street, New York, United States of America, Manufacturer.]
An Improved Method of and Apparatus for Obtaining Motive Power.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows :-
My invention relates to an improved method of and apparatus for obtaining
motive-power by means of bisulphide of carbon, and comprises improved means for
vapourizing the carbon bisulphide and for utilizing or working the vapour. Accord-
ing to my invention liquid bisulphide of carbon is circulated through a vapour
generator contained within a steam boiler and there subjected to beat and
vapourized the said vapour being then superheated and expanded in a chamber or
reservoir contained in said steam-boiler to increase its tension and maintain the
heat and elasticity until it has performed its office on the piston of the engine. I
provide for automatically controlling the induction of said liquid into said generator,
and for automatically controlling the pressure of said vapour, and also for
conveying the vapour exhausted from the engine, by gravity, to the condenser,.
and returning the liquid bisulphide of carbon to said generator heated to about
the boiling point.
J
In carrying my said invention into practice employ by preference a tubular
steam-boiler of suitable construction and furnished with the usual appendages of
such boilers and I mount within the boiler above the tubes a generator consisting
preferably of a zigzag coil of pipes of uniform diameter throughout and communi-
cating with a superheating and expanding chamber having a pipe for conducting
the vapour to the cylinder of the engine.
The said pipe and the cylinder are both jacketed and the jackets are supplied
with steam from the boiler.
The said supply pipe moreover is provided with a stop valve and safety-valve
the outlet pipe of the latter communicating with the condenser which is pro-
vided with a well. A throttle-valve and lubricating device are also applied to the
cylinder.
The generator is preferably arranged on a horizontal plane, but part of it may be
inclined. The rear end of the generator communicates by a pipe passing through
a heater with a pump that draws from the well of the condenser. The said henter
communicates with the exhaust passage of the cylinder and with the condenser the
latter being connected to an ordinary vacuum-pump provided with a washer for
treating the gases that remain uncondensed.
In the pipe connecting the condenser well and the aforesaid feed pump is placed
a balanced valve coupled to a regulating valve comprising two chambers separated
by a diaphragm. One chamber is fitted with a weighted plunger and the other
communicates with the engine feed pipe by a bent pipe partially filled with water.
The cylinder jacket communicates with a steam trap and with a pump for returning
the condensed steam to the steam boiler. The packing mechanism for the valve-
rod and piston of the cylinder also communicates with the condenser well.
The water in the boiler may cover or partially cover the generator or the water
may be below the said generator; the superheating chamber will be surrounded
with steam.
The operation of my improved motive-power engine is as follows:-The boiler

page_text: being filled to the desired level with water, and the generator charged with a
sufficient quantity of liquid bisulphide of carbon for evolving vapour enough for
starting the engine, and the condenser well also charged with the desired quantity
of liquid bisulphide of carbon, fire is made in the boiler furnace, and the heated
water or steam acts on the walls of the generator and the steam surrounds the
superheating and expanding chamber so that the liquid bisulphide of carbon is
vapourized in the tubes constituting the generator and then superheated and
expanded in the aforesaid superheating chamber and its tension increased. The
operator then opens the stop valve and throttle valve and the engine is thereby put
in motion. The vacuum-pump being also started the exhaust. vapour from the
engine passes to the condenser and is condensed and flows into the well and from
thence through the aforesaid balanced valve to the feed pump which forces it
through the heater and back to the generator. In passing through the said heater
the liquid bisulphide of carbon is heated by the exhaust vapour from the engine to
about the boiling-point.
The liquid bisulphide of carbon has now made a complete cycle and is ready to
repeat the operation. The cylinder and said pipe sockets receive steam from the
boiler and thereby maintain the elasticity and tension of the vapour until it has
performed its office on the piston of the engine. In case the pressure of the vapour
in the superheating chamber should be greater than determined upon, it will act
against the water in the aforesaid bent pipe and actuate the diaphragm and plunger
and thus operate the balanced valve in accordance with the over-pressure of the
vapour, thereby correspondingly cutting off the supply of liquid bisulphide of
carbon from the feed pump and generator until the pressure of vapour in the super-
heating chamber has decreased to that pressure fixed upon by the operator. The
weighted plunger will then open the balanced valve and allow the desired quantity
of liquid to flow to the feed pump and generator. The hot water produced by the
condensation of steam in the jackets will flow into the trap and from said trap to
the pump which forces it into the boiler at about the boiling point, and the con-
densable and incondensable gases which are drawn by the vacuum-pump are forced
into the water in the aforesaid washer.
Moreover the safety valve communicates with the condenser and allows any
surplus vapour in the case of overpressure to escape to the condenser.
The pressure of steam in the boiler and the pressure of the vapour in the super-
heating chamber are shown by gauges.
Dated this 8th day of August 1890.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method of and Apparatus for Obtaining Motive Power.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :---
My invention relates to an improved method of and apparatus for obtaining
motive power by means of bisulphide of carbon, and comprises improved means for
converting liquid carbon bisulphide into vapour, and also improved means for trans-
forming the energy of such vapour into motive power. An important feature of
iny said invention consists in circulating the carbon bisulphide through a vapour
generator situated within a steam-boiler, wherein the said carbon bisulphide is
subjected to heat and vapourized, the vapour being then superheated to increase
its tension, and expanded in a chamber or reservoir also contained in the said steam
boiler.

page_text: My invention further provides for maintaining and increasing the heat and
elasticity of the vapour from the moment it leaves the generator until it has per-
formed its office on the piston of the engine. My invention also comprises means
for automatically controlling the supply or induction of liquid bisulphide of carbon
to the said generator, for automatically controlling the pressure of the vapour, and
for conveying the vapour exhausted from the engine to the condenser, and returning
the condensed liquid bisulphide of carbon, heated almost to its the boiling point, to
the said vapour generator.
In the accompanying drawings, I have shown how my said invention may be
conveniently and advantageously carried into practice.
Figure 1 is a vertical central section of my improved apparatus.
Figure 2 is a horizontal section of the steam-boiler, representing also a plan
of the vapour-generator and expanding-chamber contained within the said steam-
boiler.
Figure 3 is an enlarged view partly in vertical central section of the regulating
valve for controlling the flow of the liquid bisulphide of carbon to the pump.
A is the furnace of the steam-boiler B, which resembles in outward form a steam-
boiler of ordinary construction and which is furnished with a pressure-gauge and
with other usual fittings of such boilers and with the tubes C.
Above these tubes is arranged, within the boiler, a vapour generator D, which is
preferably constructed as shown in Figure 2, that is to say, in the form of a zig-zag
tube of uniform, or nearly uniform diameter throughout. One extremity of this
tube or generator D communicates with a superheating chamber E, from which a
conduit or pipe F serves to conduct the vapour to the cylinder G of the engine.
The said conduit or pipe F is provided with a casing or jacket H. which com-
municates with another casing surrounding the cylinder G of the steam-engine.
Each of these casings is supplied with steam from the boiler B. This encasing
of the cylinder G and conduit F, is clearly and fully described and shown in the
Specification of former Letters Patent No. 3836 dated September 23rd 1879, in
which is also described and shown a steam-boiler having within it a generator for
converting Liquid bisulphide of carbon into vapour for use in a motor.
The conduit F is provided with a valve I and with a safety-valve J to which is
attached a pipe K leading to the condenser L, the said condenser communicating,
moreover, with a vacuum-pump M. This arrangement of safety-valve, condenser
and vacuum producing mechanism, and the purpose and operation of the same is
also substantially as described and shown in the said former Specification. The
throttle-valve N and lubricating device O connected to and communicating with
the cylinder G, are also described in the said Specification and in the Specification
of former Letters Patent No. 5198 dated October 31st 1882.
The generator D may be situated in a horizontal plane, or part of it may be
arranged at a suitable inclination, as indicated by dotted lines in Figure 1. The
rear end of the generator D is connected with a pipe P which passes through a
heater R and communicates with a pump Q. This arrangement of pipe P,
heater R, and pump Q, and the purpose and operation of the said parts are fully
and clearly described in the Specification of the aforesaid former Letters Patent
No. 5198 of 1882. The lower end of the heater R communicates with the exhaust-
port of the cylinder G through the pipe T, and its upper end communicates with a
pipe U leading into the condenser L. This condenser is connected, as above men-
tioned, by a pipe W, with the vacuum-pump M, which communicates, by a pipe X,
with a washer V, the construction and operation of which are hereinafter described,
and which receives the incondensable and unabsorbed gases from the vacuum-pump.
The condenser L also communicates with a well Y, which, by a pipe a, is placed
in connection with a balance-valve E' communicating by a pipe c with the pump Q.
The balance-valve El is opened and closed by means of a regulating-valve A', this
arrangement being shown more clearly in Figure 3. The said regulating-valve A'
is provided with two chambers B', C', between which is interposed a plunger or

page_text: piston F connected, by a suitable rod, passing through the cover of the valve-casing,
with a lever G. The lower face of the plunger or piston F1 which is preferably
shaped to conform to the outline of a sphere..presses against an elastic diaphragm D₁,
whereby leakage between the two chambers is effectually prevented. The lever Gi
carries a movable adjusting weight H. The valve A communicates with the
conduit F by means of a pipe e, the lower part of the said pipe being charged with
water to about the level of the dotted line e'. In case the pressure of the vapour
in the chamber E should be greater than that determined upon, it will through the
pipe e act against the water in the said pipe, which acting against the diaphragm D¹
and through it against the plunger F, will move the lever G, which will force
down the stem m and thereby close down the balance-valve E', and cut off, or
partially cut off the supply of liquid bisulphide of carbon from the well Y to the
pump and generator D, until the pressure of vapour in the chamber E has
decreased to the amount for which the apparatus is adjusted. The weight H' will
then, owing to the decrease of pressure on the plunger I, open, the balance-valve E¹
and allow the desired quantity of liquid to flow to the pump Q, whence it is fed to
the generator D.
The vacuum-pump, washer, condenser, well, pump Q balance-valve and
regulating-valve are all constructed and operate substantially as shown and
described in the Specification of former Letters Patent dated the 3rd of March
1885 No. 2830.
The operation of my improved apparatus is as follows, viz. :-The boiler B
being filled to the desired point with water, and the generator D and the well Y
being charged with liquid bisulphide of carbon, a fire is started in the furnace A,
which heats the water in the boiler B and evolves steam. therefrom. The heated
water or steam acts on the walls of the generator D and of the superheating
chamber E, so that the liquid bisulphide or carbon, is converted into a vapour in
the tubes constituting the generator, and superheated and expanded and its tension
thereby increased in the chamber E.. The operator then opens the valves I and N,
thus admitting, the vapour to the engine, which is thereby put in motion. The
vacuum-pump being also started, the exhaust vapour from. the engine passes
through the pipes T, U, and K, to the condenser L, and is condensed, into a liquid
which Hows into the well Y. It will thus be seen that the carbon bisulphide
performs a cycle of operations, being pumped out of the well Y in liquid form,
then being vapourized in the generator D and passing through and operating, the
engine, and finally being returned to the well Y from the condenser in a liquid
form.
From this well, it is pumped through the valve E' to the pump Q, which forces
it through pipe P in the heater R, where it is heated by the exhaust vapour from
the engine to about the boiling point before it again enters the generator D' and
performs another cycle of operations.
The casing H and the casing around the cylinder receive steam from the boiler B
through the pipe l, thereby maintaining the expansion and tension of the carbon
bisulphide vapour until it has performed its office on the piston of the engine.
The hot water produced by the condensation of steam in the casing of the
cylinder G and in the casing H of the pipe or conduit F' flows, at about the
boiling point, through the pipe Ginto the trap. f, and' from the said trap to
the pump which forces it through the pipe into the boiler B.
The coudensable and incondensable gases which are drawn by the vacuum-
pump through the pipe W, are forced through the pipe X into the water in the
washer V.
The safety-valve J with which the conduit F is provided; communicates by
means of the pipe K with the condenser L,. for the purpose of conducting the
vapour, in case of any escaping from the said valve by reason. of 'over pressure,, to
the condenser L. The pressure of steam. in the boiler B' and the pressure of thie
vapour in the chamber E are shown by gauges n.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent I declare that what I claim is :-
First. The method of obtaining motive power, which consists in conducting
liquid bisulphide of carbon to a generator contained in a steam-boiler, subjecting
it to the heat of the water or steam to evolve vapour, superheating the vapour in
a chamber surrounded by the steam of the boiler, and finally conducting the
vapour to an engine through a conduit surrounded by live steam from the boiler,
substantially as described.
Second. The method of obtaining motive power, which consists in circulating
liquid bisulphide of carbon in a generator contained in a steam-boiler, and applying
thereto the heat of the water or steam in the said boiler, substantially as
described.
Third. The method of obtaining motive power, which consists in circulating
liquid bisulphide of carbon in a generator contained in a steam boiler, and applying
thereto the heat of the water or steam to evolve vapour, and superheating the
vapour in a chamber connected to the generator and also contained in the boiler,
substantially as described.
Fourth. The method of obtaining motive power, which consists in circulating
liquid bisulphide of carbon in a generator contained in a steam-boiler, applying
thereto the heat of the water or steam to evolve vapour, superheating the vapour
in a chamber surrounded by steam, and maintaining the expansion of the vapour
until the power thereof has been applied to an engine, substantially as described.
Fifth. The method of operating a bisulphide-of-carbon engine, which consists in
conducting liquid bisulphide of carbon into a generator contained in a steam-
boiler, evolving vapour by the heat of water or steam surrounding the generator,
superheating the vapour in a separate chamber within the steam-boiler, maintaining
the heat or tension to the engine, condensing the vapour, and returning the liquid
to the generator, substantially as described.
Sixth. The method of operating a bisulphide-of-carbon engine, which consists
in evolving vapour in a generator contained in a steam-boiler and surrounded by
water or steam, superheating the vapour in a chamber in the boiler surrounded by
steam, and conducting the vapour to the engine and any excess from the supply-
conduit to the condenser, substantially as described.
Seventh. The method of obtaining motive power, which consists in heating
liquid bisulphide of carbon, conducting it to a generator contained in a steam-
boiler, and subjecting it to the heat of the water or steam to evolve vapour,
superheating the vapour in a chamber also contained in the boiler and surrounded
by steam, and finally conducting the vapour to an engine, substantially as
described.
Eighth. In a bisulphide-of-carbon generator, the method of controlling the
supply of liquid, which consists in automatically operating a valve in the supply
pipe by the vapour from the generator, closing the valve when the pressure
becomes too great, and restoring the valve to its normal condition by the gravity
of a weight when the pressure is reduced, substantially as described.
Ninth. The method of obtaining motive power, which consists in conducting
liquid bisulphide of carbon into a generator, in which it is evolved into vapour and
expanded by the heat of boiling water or steam, and conducting the vapour into a
reservoir separate from the generator, but in communication therewith, where the
vapour is superheated by steam, substantially as described.
Tenth. The combination of a steam-boiler, a vapour-generator, a superheating-
chamber of greater capacity than the generator contained within the boiler, and
suitable means for supplying liquid bisulphide of carbon to the generator, and the
vapour to the engine, substantially as described.
Eleventh. The combination of a steam-boiler, a vapour-generator and a separate
superheating-chamber contained within the boiler and surrounded with steam, a

page_text: vapour-conduit, and an engine surrounded by casings supplied with steam from the
boiler, substantially as described.
Twelfth. The combination of a steam-boiler, a vapour generator contained in
said boiler and surrounded by water or steam, an engine, a condenser, and a heater
in which the exhaust of the engine is utilized to reheat the liquid before it is
returned to the vapour-generator, substantially as described.
Thirteenth. The combination of a steam-boiler, a vapour-generator contained in
and surrounded by the water or steam of the said boiler, a conduit for supplying the
engine, a relief-valve connected to the said conduit, and a pipe for returning any
excess of vapour to a condenser, substantially as described.
Fourteenth. The combination of a tubular steam-boiler, a vapour-generator
contained within the said boiler above the tubes thereof, a superheating-chamber, a
conduit for conducting vapour to an engine, and a jacket or casing surrounding the
conduit, supplied with steam from the boiler whereby the heat and tension of
the vapour are maintained, substantially as described.
Fifteenth. The combination of a steam-boiler, a vapour-generator within the
boiler, a heater for the liquid bisulphide of carbon, and a pump for supplying the
said liquid to the vapour-generator, substantially as described.
Sixteenth. The combination of a steam-boiler, a vapour-generator within the
boiler, a well containing liquid bisulphide of carbon, a pump, a valve for controlling
the supply of liquid to the generator, a weighted plunger, and a connection
between the vapour-generator and the said plunger, substantially as described and
for the purposes specified.
Seventeenth. The combination of a steam-boiler, a vapour-generator and a
superheating or expanding chamber contained therein, a steam-jacketed vapour
supply pipe, a controlling valve, and a throttle-valve, substantially as described.
Eighteenth. The combination of a steam-boiler, a vapour-generator contained
therein, a conduit to supply the engine, a heater, a pipe for conducting the
exhaust of the engine to the said heater, a condenser, and a pump for returning
the liquid to the generator, substantially as described.
Nineteenth. The combination of a steam-generator, a vapour-generator in which
Liquid bisulphide of carbon is vapourized by the heat of the water or steam, and a
superheating chamber or reservoir separated from the vapour generator and
heated by steam, substantially as described.
Dated this 2nd day of May 1891.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W:C., Agents for the Applicant.