Improvements in Drilling and Tapping Machines.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Jan, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 21st Oct., 1890-Accented. 22nd Nov., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Drilling and Tapping Machines.
1 SAMUEL DIXON of the firm of Kendall and Gent of the Victoria Works, Spring-
field Lane, Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Tool Makers, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to apparatus adapted to be used in cases wherein a hole or
series of holes has or have to be drilled and afterwards tapped that is to say a screw
thread is formed in each hole or in some of the holes. The object of my invention is
to effect the drilling and the tapping by means of the same machine and with the
same adjustment, of the work. My invention is applicable to drilling machines
wherein the drill spindle is mounted upon a sliding carriage. I provide the carriage
with a tap spindle in addition to the drill spindle the two being mounted on a line
which is parallel with the line of sliding movement of the carriage and being mounted
to revolve on parallel axes. Means are provided whereby the two, spindles can he
quickly and readily shifted to the extent of the distance between their axes so that
after a hole has been drilled the tap spindle can be brought into correct position for
the tap to effect the tapping operation. This shifting may be effected by moving the
main carriage or by shifting a slide which carries the spindles and is fitted to the
main carriage. In the arrangement which I have adopted the shifting movement is
effected by means of the rack and pinion whereby the carriage moved upon the
main slide the distance between the axes of the spindles being exactly equal to the
horizontal movement derived from one revolution of the said pinion. A stop is
provided to enable the operator to give the hand wheel or handle exactly one
revolution. If the circumference of the pinion should be less or more than the said
distance suitable stops would be provided to determine the extent of rotation of the
hand wheel or handle. In case a screw were used the movement of the carriage
would be determined by the number of revolutions of the screw. In the case of the
provision of a supplementary slide special means might be provided for shifting such
slide as for example a hand lever or a cam or excentric might be used for the
purpose. I actuate the tap spindle by means of a reversing motion and by preference
arrange for the spindle to have a quick reverse or withdrawing movement. In one
arrangement the two spindles are directly connected by means of two spur wheels for
the rotation of the tap spindle in one direction the rotation in the other direction
being transmitted through an intermediate wheel. The tap spindle revolves in a
sliding sleeve and this sleeve and the reverse motion wheels which are on the same
axis are formed as a clutch so that the direction of rotation of the tapping spindle
can be changed by sliding the said sleeve upward or downward the rotation ceasing
when the sleeve is in an intermediate position. The sliding movements are imparted
to the sleeve by means of a balanced lever but I prefer to provide means whereby the
tapping motion can be arrested when the tap has penetrated into the hole to any
required extent. For this purpose I provide an adjustable stop slide which moves
with the spindle when tapping. On the spindle approaching the regulated limit of its
movement the said stop slide sets in motion another slide or part which moves the
sleeve so as to disengage the clutch. The tap spindle can be raised and lowered or
moved within the sleeve when the tap is not engaged with the hole by operating upon
a balanced lever or by other suitable means. As the tap spindle receives motion
from the drill spindle at a suitably reduced rate the speed of the tap spindle is
increased or decreased in proportion to any increase or decrease in the speed of the

page_text: drill spindle so that separate regulation of the speed of the tap spindle is not required.
The distance between the axes of the two spindles may be adjustable.
Dated this 21st day of January 1800
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James Square, Manchester, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Drilling and Tapping Machines.
I SAMUEL DIXON of the firm of Kendall and Gent of the Victoria Works Spring-
field Lane Salford in the County of Lancaster Machine Tool Makers do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement and accom-
panying drawings
My invention relates to apparatus adapted to be used in cases wherein a hole or
series of holes has to be drilled and afterwards tapped that is to say a screw thread is
formed in each hole or in some of the holes. The object of my invention is to effect
the drilling and the tapping by means of the same machine and with the same
adjustment of the work. My invention is applicable to drilling machines wherein the
drill spindle is mounted upon a sliding carriage. I provide the carriage with a tap
spindle in addition to the drill spindle the parallel axes of the two spindles crossing at.
right angles an imaginary line which would be parallel with the line of sliding
movement of the carriage. Means are provided whereby the two spindles can be
quickly and readily shifted to the extent of the distance between their axes so that
after a hole has been drilled the tap spindle can be brought into correct position for
the tap to effect the tapping operation. In order that the nature and scope of my
invention may be clearly ascertained and well understood I will describe the same
more fully with reference to the accompanying two sheets of drawings.
In the said drawings Fig. 1 represents a front elevation of my improved apparatus
and Fig. 2 represents a vertical cross section taken on the axial line of the tapping
spindle. In the said figs. or in one of them A is the drill spindle B is the tap
or tapping spindle C is a sliding carriage upon which the two spindles are mounted
and D represents part of the arm of a radial drilling machine the said carriage being
mounted to slide horizontally in a straight line upon such armi as is usual. In pro-
jecting parts of the carriage C and an attached plate ("are formed or mounted
bearings for the two spindles the said carriage and plate being connected by means
of pillars c c or the parts might be otherwise attached together or cast in one piece.
The bearings for the tap spindle appear in section in Fig. 2. The lower part of the
said spindle is mounted to revolve in a bearing formed in a projecting part of the
carriage. The upper part of the spindle is fitted to slide in a sleeve which is fitted
to revolve and also to slide in the bosses of the two spur wheels e and f which bosses
are turned and fitted to revolve in bearings formed in the plate C' and carriage C. The
tap spindle receives motion from the drill spindle through these spur wheels the
gearing connection being indicated in plan in Fig. 3. The smaller wheel of the
two gears directly with a spur wheel which is mounted upon the same axis as
the drill spindle and the larger wheel e is connected by an intermediate e² with a spur
pinion e¹ which is attached to the wheel f. Fig. 4 represents a section through the
centre of the wheel and pinion and shows the connection with the drill spindle. The
said drill spindle is fitted to slide inside a revolvable sleeve a¹ as is usual.
Upon this
sleeve is firmly keyed a coupling disc g which is formed with a boss upon which is
mounted the spur wheel f¹ which is bored out and recessed to revolve freely upon
the said boss and to rest upon the upper end of the same. The pinion is secured
to the said wheel by means of screws e³ or the two parts may be otherwise attached
together or be formed in one piece. A coupling bolt g' can be moved into position
either to connect the parts 9 and 1 or to effect their disconnection as in the case of

page_text: the spur wheel upon a double geared lathe spindle. It will be seen that when there is
a driving connection between the parts and f¹ the two wheels e and f will he
revolved in opposite directions as indicated by the arrows in Fig 3 and that the speed
of the wheel e will be much lower than the speed of the wheel f. When the tap
spindle is not required to be used the coupling bolt g' is slackened and moved out of
connection the spur gearing referred to then remaining at rest. Means are provided
whereby the tap spindle can be put into driving connection with the wheel e or the
wheel as required the wheel e giving the slow motion required for tapping and the
wheel a quick reverse motion for the withdrawal of the tap. The tap spindle
sleeve is formed with a collar 2 which is housed in recesses in the two wheels and
is adapted to constitute part of a clutch each of the wheels e and being constructed
to separately engage with such part. In the example the two faces of the collar b²
are each provided with snugs or projections which are indicated by the dotted lines
at 63 in Fig. 3 and each of the wheels e and f is provided with corresponding snugs et
and have made these snugs of steel and secured them to the parts by means of
screws for sake of durability and for convenience of replacement and also to facilitate
the obtainment of true meeting edges but I do not confine myself to this construction.
When the collar 3 would be in position as represented in Fig. 2 the tap spindle would
be at rest but if the sleeve b¹ be moved upward it would engage with the wheel e and
would be revolved at a speed which should be arranged to be suitable for tapping.
On the contrary when the sleeve would be slid downward from the indicated position
it would be revolved more rapidly in a reverse direction. These sliding movements
can be imparted to the sleeve by means of a lever h which is mounted to turn upon a
fulcrum at and is connected with the upper end of the sleeve in such a manner as
that when the lever is turned on its fulcrum the sleeve will be moved up or down as
the case may be the connection of the lever with the sleeve not interfering with the
revolution of the latter. In the example openings in the lever clear the bracket j
which is formed upon the plate ( and carries the fulcrum i and to clear the upper end
of the sleeve and a screw trunnion pin k on each side of the lever turns in a block
which fits into a groove which is turned in the sleeve. The weight of the sleeve is
balanced by means of an adjustable load . The outer front end of the lever can be
moved up and down to raise and lower the sleeve by acting upon a hanging rod h².
As hereinbefore mentioned the tap spindle is fitted to slide in the sleeve b. The said
spindle is also caused to revolve with the sleeve by means of two keys which euter
grooves formed in the spindle on opposite sides. The reduced upper end of the tap
spindle is fitted to revolve in a block m which is connected by trunnion pins with a
second lever n which is hinged by means of a link o to the bracket j the upper centre o¹
of the link constituting the fulcrum for the lever. The lever n is also provided with
a load n¹ to balance the weight of the spindle or it may be to give the spindle a
tendency upward.
The outer front end of this lever can also be moved up and down to raise and lower
the tap spindle by acting upon a hanging rod n². The rods h² and n² are adjustable
in blocks which swivel in the forked ends of the levers.
When the tap spindle is raised and lowered the link o rocks upon the centre at j
so that the connection of the spindle with the lever is permitted to move in a straight
line. The lower part of the tap spindle slides in a bearing formed in a projection
from the carriage C. A groove is turned in the lower end of the sleeve 6' and in
this groove fits a fork formed upon the end of a bar p which is fitted to slide up and
down between guide cheeks. Within this bar a second bar p¹ is fitted to slide and
is formed with a fork which fits between collars B' formed upon the lower end of the
tap spindle. It will be understood that if these two bars were secured together the
spindle B and the sleeve 6 would move up and down together to the same extent
when either of the levers or n would be acted upon. In the ordinary working of
the machine the bar p¹ slides within the bar p when the tap spindle is lowered until a
projection p³ upon the bar p' comes in contact with a cross piece upon the bar p
after which time any further downward movement of the tap spindle will be communi-
cated through the bar p to the sleeve b¹.

page_text: The projection p³ is in the form of a thick washer through which passes a bolt
which is adjustable up and down in a slot in the bar p' so that the part 3 can be
fixed in any required position so as to act earlier or later upon the cross piece p
The details of this part of the apparatus may be greatly varied so long as an adjustable
connection between the parts B and 6 coming into operation after the tap spindle has
descended as far as required serves to draw down the sleeve and thereby to
disengage the clutch connection with the wheel e. An adjustable collar upon the
upper end of the spindle B coming into contact with the upper end of the sleeve at
the required time would answer the same purpose as the parts o and p.
A spur rack q is fixed to the arm D and a spur pinion r gears with this rack and
is fixed upon a shaft which is mounted to revolve in a bearing and extends
to the front of the carriage C. Upon the front end of the said shaft is fixed a
hand wheel S which is provided with handles S₁ for convenience in turning the
wheel.
By turning this hand wheel the carriage C can be slid to and fro upon the arm D.
After a hole which is to be tapped has been drilled in the work under operation it
is necessary to slide the carriage along so as to bring the tap spindle in line with the
hole which has been drilled. To facilitate the movement of the carriage with
exactness and rapidity I make the spur pinion » of such proportions as that exactly
one revolution will move the carriage a distance equal to the distance between the
axes of the two spindles A and B so that one turn of the hand wheel will bring the
tap into line with the hole which has been drilled. Upon the back of the wheel s
is loosely mounted a supplementary wheel t in which is turned an annular groove to
suit a headed bolt u which is provided with a wing nut.
When this nut is loose the
band wheel can be turned without turning the wheel t but when the nut has been
tightened both wheels turn together. In the wheel t is formed a conical recess to
receive the coned end of a locking catch v which is mounted to slide in a bored recess
in the carriage and is pressed by means of a spring toward the wheel t. The said
catch is designed to stop the hand wheel with exactness at the right point in its
revolution. The catch is provided with a handle v₁ whereby the catch can be pushed
inward to release the wheel t. In case the circumference of the rack pinion were less
or more than equal to the distance between the axes of the spindle suitable stops or
dividing arrangements could be provided to facilitate the turning of such rack pinion
to the required extent. The drill spindle receives a revolving motion through the
shaft w and the gearing a or in a suitable manner and is provided with a feed
motion as indicated in Fig. 1 but as these parts do not constitute any part of my
invention and may be greatly varied as considered to be desirable it is not necessary
to refer to such parts more fully. The apparatus is designed to be used in the
drilling and tapping of holes in the following described manner. The spindle A is
supposed to have been provided with a drill and the spindle B with a tap spindle
suitable to the work under operation. Preparatory to the adjustment of the carriage
to bring the drill into position the nut upon the bolt n is slackened so that the hand
wheels can be turned whilst the wheel t is kept stationary by the locking catch v.
The hole having been drilled the bolt u is tightened a turn is given to the hand
wheel and the wheel t in the indicated direction the locking catch being pushed back
and the wheel turned until the catch re-enters the recess. The tap will then be in
line with the hole which has been drilled and is lowered into the hole by drawing
downward the rod n². The rod 2 is then pushed upward to engage the sleeve b' with
the wheel e and the tap is thereby revolved. On the tap having penetrated as far as
is desired the rod n² is drawn down so as to disengage the sleeve from the wheel e and
to engage it with the wheelf whereby the tap is turned back at a quick speed and
is thereby withdrawn from the hole. When a series of holes have to be drilled
and tapped as would usually be the case in the class of work for which the machine
is designed the part pl would be adjusted in position so that on the completion of the
tapping the sleeve would be drawn downward by the bars o and the further rotation
arrested. The tap could then be withdrawn by drawing downward the rod h² as
aforesaid. The nut at u would then be slackoned to permit of the adjustment of

page_text: the carriage to suit the position of the next hole to be drilled. It will be evident
that in cases wherein the distances between the holes to be drilled would bear a
suitable relation to the distances between the axes of the spindles A and B the
drilling and tapping spindles might at times be working simultaneously. I do not
confine myself to the application of the tapping apparatus to a radial arm drilling
machine as in some cases the part D might be a fixed cross slide or a cross slide
arranged to rise and fall but not to swivel.
The arrangement of gearing for driving the tap spindle may be varied and in some
cases the said spindle might be driven independently of the drill spindle. The indicated
method of actuating the tap spindle has the advantage that as the said spindle receives
motion from the drill spindle at a suitably reduced rate the speed of the tap spindle
is increased or decreased in proportion to any increase or decrease in the speed of the
drill spindle so that separate regulation of the speed of the tap spindle is not required.
1 might use a screw to move the carriage C in place of a rack and pinion the extent
of movement of the carriage being in such a case determined by the number of
revolutions of the screw as will be readily understood. In place of moving the carriage
upon the arm or slide D when the tap spindle is to be brought into position 1 might
mount the said carriage to slide upon a supplementary adjusting carriage which would
be mounted to slide upon D. In such a case the spindle carriage C would be limited
to slide to and fro to an extent equal to the distance between the axes of the spindles
the supplementary carriage remaining at rest and being only moved to bring the
drill spindle into position to drill another hole.
Special means would be provided for shifting the spindle carriage upon the sup-
plementary carriage as for example a hand lever or a cam or excentric or a rack and
pinion or a screw might be used for the purpose. If considered to be advisable the
distance between the two spindles might be made adjustable as for example the bearings
for the tap spindle might be adjustable upon the spindle carriage toward and from the
drill spindle. Such a construction would be of advantage in cases wherein it would
be considered to be desirable to drill and tap holes simultaneously.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination of parts composing a portion of a machine for drilling and
tapping holes in metal substantially as set forth and indicated.
2. In combination with a drill spindle and its connected parts the application of a
tap spindle mounted in such a manner as that by a sliding movement of the carriage
upon which the two spindles are mounted the tap spindle can be brought into line
with a hole which has been drilled.
3. As applied upon the suitably prepared sliding spindle carriage of a radial
drilling machine a second spindle adapted to carry a screw tap and driven through
a reversing motion with arrangements for stopping and starting in combination
with means for readily shifting the said spindle carriage upon the radial arm or upon
a supplementary adjusting carriage so as to cause the tap spindle to take the place
of the drill spindle in line with a hole which has been drilled by the action of the
latter substantially as set forth and indicated.
4. As applied to form an addition to a drilling machine a sliding carriage upon
which are mounted two revolvable spindles one to carry a drill and the other a tap
the tap spindle receiving motion from the drill spindle through reversing gearing
and through a driving clutch substantially as set forth and indicated.
5. As forming parts of a machine for drilling and tapping holes the sleeve 61
adapted when raised or lowered to engage with one or the other of two spur wheels
revolving in opposite directions at different speeds and fitted with a spindle adapted
to carry a screw tap and to slide within and to turn with such sleeve substantially
as set forth and indicated.
6. As forming parts of a machine for drilling and tapping holes a carriage
mounted to slide and to carry a drill spindle and a tap spindle and a rack and pinion

page_text: for sliding the said carriage the said pinion by one revolution shifting the carriage
a distance equal to the distance between the axes of the two spindles with a stop or
locking device for determining the extent of each rotation of such pinion substantially
as set forth and indicated.
7. The adjustable apparatus for causing the rotation of the tap spindle to be self-
actingly arrested at the required times.
Dated this 20th day of October 1890
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James Square, Manchester, Agents.