Year: 1891

page_text: The fluid reaching the upstream distributing ports at varying pressures has to
be delivered at constant reduced pressure down-stream the said distributing the
said distributing ports.
The point of the down-stream system at which the pressure supply which acts
upon the pressure balance takes place is generally connected with the closed branch
of the said balance, the connection being effected by means of a flexible tube
metallic or otherwise, or by a purely mechanical means.
1
The pressure balance being weighted so that its beam is in a position,of,
equilibrium it is evident that if the initial pressure is A,, any down-stream
deviation from the said pressure A, of the distributing ports, causing a displace.
ment of the liquid from one branch into the other of the pressure balance will
disturb the equilibrium of the beam."
A positive discrepancy will cause, a rise of the slide valve and a consequent..
reduction in the section of the distributing ports.
A negative discrepancy will cause, a fall of the. slide valve and a consequent
increase in the section of the said ports.
In both cases, the equilibrium of the beam and, consequently the pressure A will
be automatically maintained.
1
1.

page_text: The pressure A may be made to vary by simply raising or lowering the open
branch of the pressure balance.
My apparatus can be arranged to act as an automatic exhauster, capable of
varions applications amongst which may be mentioned the utilisation, for various
purposes, of the exhaust steam.
The latter arrive in the down-stream system.
In case of insufficiency the distributor supplies its contingent by allowing the live
steam of the generator to pass; in case of excess it exhausts in the atmosphere as
the pressure balance causes the obturator to gradually rise until the exhaust ports
communicating with the atmosphere are full open. The sizes of the said ports are
calculated accordingly.
.
unicating with the atmosphere are fun open. THE DISCSTUL
calculated accordingly.
AUTOMATIC REGULATION OF TEMPERATURES.
I apply my apparatus to the automatic regulation of temperatures by submitting
my pressure balance to the maximum tension of a saturated vapour which tension
varies according to the temperature.
"To obtain such a result I use a receptacle of any given shape containing the
volatile liquid duly selected in order to obtain the temperature which it is proposed
to maintain.
This receptacle is placed in the middle of the space in which an even temperature
has to be maintained and communicates, through a small tube or otherwise with the
closed branch of the pressure balance.
To a same temperature of a saturated vapour always correspond a same tension
of the said vapour; any variation of temperature influencing the receptacle will
cause an automatic alteration in the sections of passages of the fluid, liquid or
gaseous, through the distributor the latter being heating, cooling, reactive com-
bustive or combustible according to the reactions which determine the temperature
which it is proposed to maintain constant upon the walls of the receptacle.
The tensions of saturated vapours, increasing in a greater ratio than the corre-
spouding temperatures, the apparatus will be the more sensative if the motor effect
is derived from the use of volatile liquids the vaporizing point of which, under
normal pressure, is much lower than the temperature which it is proposed to
regulate.
I naturally use, in my pressure balance liquids which have no chemical action
upon the fluids with which they are brought into contact and, besides, always
choose them of a higher specific gravity than the latter.
London Ninth Jul 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for the Automatic Regulation of
Pressures and Temperatures.
JULES ALBERT BERLY, Electrical and Civil Engineer of 43 London Wall
(communicated from abroad by Tiburce Albert Pagniez of 52, Boulevard de la
Villette, Paris, France) do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
1
My invention has for object the construction of an apparatus by means of which
can be automatically regulated within limits as narrow as desired;
1° The pressure of gaseous or liquid fluids of any given temperature.
2º The temperature of these same fluids or those resulting from their
combination, mixture, contact, combustion, radiation, with or upon, some other
bodies.
"
My apparatus is in principle composed of a Motor acting upon a Distributor.

page_text: 1.
on the cylinder, being taken out, it is sufficient to plug, the two vertical openings of
the barrel.
הדתי לייIr
י
The cylinder, moreover, can not get jout of truth nor hooped upon the valve
Bince the temperature of its external surface is always, equal when not superior, to
that of its internal surface.
9
'Moreover experience has shown that the scales or sediments resulting from the
deposition of calcareous water and carried away by the steam.are not in any way
interfering with either the distribution or the working of the apparatus.
H
Leakages through passages of equal sections at the top and bottom of the
working rods are minima,
ma since the said passages are submitted to, equal pressures,
that of the down stream of the distributor which is the minimum pressure of, the
System.
1.15
doludiobiol
Fig. 4 illustrates a different form of my distributor in which the top & bottom
faces of the disks of valve Care connected by an external, tube instead of, an
internal one as in. Fig. 30.
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E COUPLING: OF THE MOTOR WITH THE DISTRIBUTOR...
; in
If I want to automatically close the distributor by means of the ascending
motion of the slide valve Lattach the latter under the closed arm B. of the pressure
scale, and in the contrary, case under the open.one C.
In practice I preferably obturate by an ascending motion and, I attach the
obturating valve to the suspending rod d of the closed branch B of the pressure
balance.
Fig. 5 illustrates a pressure regulator arranged so as to utilise the exhaust steam,
and applicable specially to distilling columns, as hereafter. explained.
1
Fig. 6 illustrates an arrangement of my apparatus applied to the regulation of
the temperature.
"
1.
"
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f.
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.. AUTOMATIC, REGULATION OF PRESSURES. FIG.
The arrows in the schematic figure No. 7, analogitically indicate the direction of
the 'currents.
11. JI
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The point of the lower stream at which the pressure is to be regulated is, in the
case of Fig. 5, the lowest tray of a distilling column which is, in constant.communi-
cation with the fixed lower part A of the apparatus and constitutes through tube B,
a lower branch of the pressure scale. C (Fig. 5) is a water brake controlling the
vertical motion of the distributing valves.
I
5 It is composed of two concentric.communicating vessels containing water at the
same level (through the minute aperture,D).
11
The internal vessel C as well as the fresh steam distributing valve are suspended
from the left hand arm of the beam.
"L
The steam exhaust, valve is, as well as the top, vessel F suspended, from the other
O arm of the scale; the two counterweights, E, H adding their effect, to the closing
action' of their respective valves.
201
The vessel F communicates with the surrounding atmosphere through the small
aperture G
.
1.
[I
The bottom vessel A and the top one, F are connected together through the
5.tube I to which is attached the tap Jand the flexible tube K.,
A glass tube L indicates the level M of the liquid in the vessel F.
The pressure scale is adjusted so that the beam is in a state of equilibrium when
the pressure A. exists.
'
It is clear that any variation of pressure in the lower vessel. A which communi-
cates say with the foot of a distilling column will cause the liquid to pass from
one branch of the pressure scale into the other thus disturbing the state of
equilibrium
;11
itulli
An increase of pressure will cause the rising of the left hand side valve and the

page_text: description which, acting in one or the other direction, opens or closes a distributor
according to the requirements of the regulation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
1º. A pressure or temperature regulator the main features of which are the
combination of equilibrium slide valve obturators with an arrangement of mano-
metric scale composed, in principle, of a beam the extremities of which are
suspended at different levels two vessels communicating, at their lower part,
through a small flexible tube; the said vessels containing a liquid upon the
surface of which the atmospheric pressure on the one part and of the space in
which it is intended to regulate the pressure on the other part exert themselves
in the top moveable and bottom fixed or moveable vessels respectively so as to
maintain the obturating valve or valves in the position required for the opening
or closing of the distributing ports according to the requirements of the regulation
substantially as described with reference to the drawings.
2°. The arrangement of the above said pressure regulator for the purpose of
regulating or uniformising the temperature and in which the lower vessel of the
manometric scale is connected with a phial containing some volatile liquid and
placed inside the space the temperature of which it is intended to control
substantially as described with reference to the drawings, Figs. 6 & 8.
3º. An obturating apparatus with a fixed barrel and removeable cylinder fitted
with a balanced slide valve as described with reference to the drawings,
Figs. 3 & 4.
4°. The application of the retarding appliance described and illustrated Fig. 6 to
apparatuses intended for the regulation of pressures and temperatures.
5°. The application, as a motor, to temperature and pressure regulators, of a
manometer containing saturated vapors at pressures varying according to the
temperature substantially as described with reference to the drawings.
6. The various applications of my distributor either as a single obturator or as a
delivery distributor substantially as described with reference to the drawings.
London, Ninth April 1892.