Treating Brewers' Spent Hops, Wet and Dry, for the Production of Manure, Firelighters and Fuel, and a Powder for Use in Dry Earth Closets.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Nov., 1894-Accepted, 19th Jan., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Treating Brewers' Spent Hops, Wet and Dry, for the Production
of Manure, Firelighters and Fuel, and a Powder for Use in
Dry Earth Closets.
JAMES JOHN ADKINS, No. 39 Windmill Road, Upper Edmonton, London N.,
Farmer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :―
Is the treating of brewers spent hops, wet and dry, for the production of manure
(dried, pulverised, and otherwise,) and fuel, to utilise the said hops, aud convert the
same into a valuable manure, (and fuel,) for growing, or promoting the growth of
hops, strawberries, early rhubarb, radishes, raspberries, & all bush & other fruits,
flowers, and nursery stock, also all kind of vegetables, potatoes, etc. It creates no
injurious weeds, but by its free use, as a top dressing, prevents their growth, thus
saving a large amount of manual labour-it also prevents the ravages of slugs and
other insects.
When wet, and fresh, from the brewery, to be used as a green manure; I treat
by equally mixing them with half an cwt. of nitrate of soda, or sulphate of
ammonia, and one cwt. of salt to the ton.
While wet and fresh, I also treat by equally mixing them with half an cwt. of
nitrate of soda, or sulphate of ammonia, one cwt. of salt & two cwts. of stone lime,
to the ton, placing them in a heap to heat or ferment (under cover prefered)
turning them daily and pulverising for use, for and as a substitute for peat or leaf
mould manure; for growing flowers and fruits in pots, and like purposes, being
proof against the production of weeds and insects.
To greatly reduce the cost in railway rates, manual and horse labour in transit,
desicate the hops, this I do on prepared floors or kilns, or through a drying machine
heated by hot water, hot air, or steam, or a combination. I then treat by equally
mixing with them 2 cwt. of nitrate of soda, or sulphate of ammonia, and 3 cwt. of
salt, at the same time adding 5 cwt. of shredded rags in each ton, as a manure for
promoting the growth of all kinds of crops.
I also treat them as aforesaid, but for more tender plants, with one cwt. of nitrate
of soda, one and a half cwt. of salt to the ton for manure as above.
I desicate as aforesaid, but for very tender plants and seeds, to protect the same
from the heat of the sun, wind and frost, these I treat without the chemical ingredients.
I then pack all the above in bales and bags for transit.
While in the aforesaid state, I treat them by equally mixing with them 2 cwt. of
nitrate of soda or sulphate of ammonia, and 3 cwt. of salt to the ton which I then
pulverise into a fine powdered manure to be drilled with corn, or seeds, and to be
used as a top dressing for all kinds of crops.
For fuel I desicate the hops, and treat them with one cwt. of coal tar, pitch or
resin, applied hot, and 5 cwt. of slack coal, included in each ton, I then press into
blocks, and dry for use.
I also press the wet fresh hops into blocks and dry, then treat them with a
mixture of about equal parts of resin, or pitch, and parafin, or other inflamable
substances one cwt. to the ton, for fire lighting,
Which I also use with slack coals for fuel for nearly all kinds of furnaces.
When the aforesaid blocks are dry, I also grind or pulverise into a powder I then

page_text: treat by equally mixing 5 cwt. of the Monarch or other disinfecting powders included
in each ton, for use in dry earth closets.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tions, and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what
claim is.
The treating of brewers spent hops.
1. As a wet and green manure, to promote the growth of all kinds of crops.
2. As a dry and cheap, but valuable manure, for promoting the growth of hops,
fruits, and vegetables, as before mentioned, thus saving labour and destruction from
insects.
3. As a pulverised or powdered manure for the aforesaid purposes.
4. As a dry manure for the protection of tender plants roots, and seeds in hot or
cold, and severe weather, from wind and frost.
5. As a useful and cheap fuel, for use in furnaces and the like purposes.
6. As a cheap material for fire lighting, and fuel.
7. When ground or pulverised, as a suitable powder, for use in dry earth
closets.
0&h
JAMES JOHN ADKINS.