matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED COMBINED SPADE AND PICK
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry McClintock Alexander at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th September 1882.
HENRY MCCLINTOCK ALEXANDER, Captain in the Royal Navy of Castle Rowe
Coleraine Ireland "AN IMPROVED COMBINED SPADE AND PICK,"
The improved combined spade and pick is conveniently made with the blade of
the spade and the pick forming one piece, about midway between the two tools and
fixed on the handle a socket with a hinged piece is used and in the jaws of the
hinge piece the combined tool is pivoted by a projection at or near its centre and
allowed to play backwards and forwards, the eye of the pivot has two shoulders on
it into which is fitted or impinges a spring which serves to hold the combined tool
in its shut up or closed position for using the spade, or in an open or another
position for using the pick-or this control may be effected by a sliding band or
bands or other device.
The handle may be made of wood or metal and is fitted in the socket and may
also be fashioned to hold a combined knife and saw gun spike or other tools.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ATTACHING DOOR AND OTHER KNOBS OR HANDLES TO AND ADJUSTING THEM ON THEIR SPINDLES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Welch and Benjamin
William Spittle at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
28th April 1882.
JOHN HENRY WELCH of 61 Wheeler Street Birmingham in the County of
Warwick Manufacturer and BENJAMIN WILLIAM SPITTLE of 35 High Street
Wednesbury in the County of Stafford Patentee "IMPROVEMENTS IN ATTACHING
DOOR AND OTHER KNOBS OR HANDLES TO AND ADJUSTING THEM ON THEIR
SPINDLES"
Our Invention consists in forming the attachment by placing inside the mount
of the Knob a steel Tong capable of biting into the corner of the square or it may
be made to bite into the flat but preferably the edge of the spindle such spindle
being racked or ratchetted on the four edges or on the side so that when the same
is introduced into the Knob the Tong kept in its place by a spring rides over the
teeth on the spindle until a proper adjustment is obtained. The Knob is released
by a sharp pointed instrument inserted in a hole in the nount for the purpose of
pressing back the Tong.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PURIFICATION OF LEAD
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William John Carr at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th January 1882. A communication
from abroad by Phocion Négris and Eugène Rizo of Ergastiria in the Kingdom
of Greece.
WILLIAM JOHN CARR of the Firm of John Carr and Company of the Town and
County of Newcastle on Tyne. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PURIFICATION OF LEAD."
A communication from abroad by Phocion Négris and Eugène Rizo of Ergastiria
in the Kingdom of Greece.
The said Invention relates to improvements in the purification of lead and
consists in the use of a jet of steam in the bath of lead on the said lead coming
out of the reducing furnace and as soon as the cake of scoria or dross shall have
been removed as also the matte and speiss if there should be any. The said steam
is cleared as much as possible in its course to the bath by a purging cock or other
purging means. The steam being admitted or injected into the bath of lead causes
the purification thereof to go on very rapidly, as long as the lead is at a red heat;
the clearing off of the dirt being also easily effected so long as there are any
notable quantities of copper to be oxidized the oxides running into lumps or clots
which are easily removed by a rake. At this period they have a black colour but
as the copper becomes eliminated the oxides become greenish and form an oily layer
over the bath which cannot be easily taken off in consequence of their fluidity.
Some organic matter, such as rack or stable dung which when burnt give alkalino
ashes, is now added to the bath to gather together the oily layer whilst the steain
stirs up the inass. Or caustic soda or quick lime or its equivalent could be employed
for this purpose. The operation is continued until the red heat is completely at
an end.
In the process of purification hereinbefore described the steam produces an
agitation analagous to that produced in the ordinary process by a piece of green
wood plunged into the liquid mass.
It is desirable that the pipe conveying the steam to the bath should have its
outlet as low down as possible and by several openings arranged at the extremities
of a kind of gooses' foot of iron so as the better to effect the agitation of the wholo
Pmine 3

page_text: mass of lead and bring it entirely in contact with the air which is the principal
agent of oxidation in this operation.
The advantages of the before described improved process of purification consist
in the production of a relatively advanced refining with a great saving of expense
since the re-smelting of the metals is not necessary for this refining and the lead
can be subjected to the operation of desilverizing immediately after having passed
through the said process of purification.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Turner Ward at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st July 1882.
JOSEPH TURNER WARD of Ossett in the County of York Innkeeper, "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STEAM BOILERS"
"
This invention relates to improvements in boilers of the class known as
"Lancashire Boilers or boilers having two or more tubes or furnaces and is
designed to secure the consumption of Smoke and otherwise a more economical
use of fuel.
In Boilers constructed according to this my said invention the ordinary flues or
internal fire ways are connected or in communication with each other by means of
Cross connecting fire tubes flues or passage ways so that at will the heated gases
and flame from either furnace may be diverted to the other furnace and applied
for consuming smoke therein. The change or diverting the heat from flue to flue
is secured by the aid of Dampers and the action is as follows:—
When for example the fire of say the right hand flue is low and is to be stoked
the damper of the left hand flue is closed or nearly so, whereon the heated gases
from the furnace pass by way of the cross connecting fire tube flues or passage
ways over the front part of the Right hand furnace the ncealong and over the fuel
therein and affect the combustion of smoke.
For the purpose of facilitating the application of this invention to existing
boilers the connecting fire tubes flues or passage ways are formed in and through
flues projecting from the front of the boiler and in some cases a diverting plute
may be applied to the crown of the flues near the bridge to divert and throw down
the smoke and heated gases upon the fire.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FLYERS WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES." EMPLOYED IN SPINNING AND TWISTING
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Crowther Sykes at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd March 1882.
ROBERT CROWTHER SYKES of Cleckheaton in the County of York Worsted
Spinner "IMPROVEMENTS IN FLYERS
WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES."
EMPLOYED IN SPINNING AND TWISTING
The object of my invention is to increase the speed of flyers and reduce the
angle at which yarn is conducted thereto, also to prevent the said yarn touching
flange of bobbin, the improvements also enables the attendant to more readily stop
the rotation of the flyer by his hand for piecing broken ends. To accomplish the
several objects enumerated I place a ring or flange on the top of the flyer having
a hook or hole formed in a stud through which the yarn is passed previous to
being wound on the bobbin. By this construction of Hyer the yarn is received by
the hook over the centre of the flyer in a straight line and does not bear against
the guide board as at present, whereby friction on the yarn at this point is removed,
there is also an even amount of twist in the yarn all the way from the hook to
the nip of the delivery rollers, thus enabling me to spin short fibres more
advantageously, and the yarn is not broken by frictional contact with the flange of
the bobbin. The increased weight obtained by placing the flange on the top of the
flyer balances it, by which means the speed thereof can be increased..
IMPROVEMENTS IN ROUNDABOUTS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick William Woollacott at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd February 1882.
FREDERICK WILLIAM WOOLLACOTT of the Town and County of the Town of
Nottingham, Wood Turner. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROUNDABOUTS."
This Invention relates to roundabouts of the kind which are constructed so as
to give to the vehicles carrying passengers, when in motion, movements which are
intended to resemble the motion of boats or vessels on the sea, and the present
Invention has for its object the improvement of the construction and action of such
roundabouts.
In such roundabouts as at present made a pitching motion is given to the
vehicle or boat-like carriage, by reason of its peculiar construction, it being formed
with comparatively complex mechanism to produce such motion. The motion thus
produced is jerky and unpleasant, and it is principally the object of the present
Invention to give to the vehicles or boat-like carriages a pleasant, smooth, rolling,
movement, identical or nearly so with the motion of vessels at sea. In order to
obtain this, according to this Invention the improved roundabout is provided with
a circular track which is formed with regular or irregular undulations or waves on
its top. The vehicles for carrying passengers, are preferably in the shape of boats,
but may be of other shape, and are provided with suitable wheels, fore and aft, to
run on the undulating circular track. To allow of the vehicles as they run round
on the track, rising and falling with the undulations, they are centered at their
inner sides near their middles upon one end of a horizontal crank shaft, which is
centered at its other end on a movable block held in a framing formed by radial
spars connected to a central upright. According to another modification the
vehicles are carried upon small trucks provided with wheels for running on the
undulating track. The truck is enabled to alternately rise and fall as it runs over
the undulating track by being connected to the central framing by a horizonta!
crank as described with reference to the first modification. The vehicles have on
their bottoms two bearing pieces and a bolt or shaft, passes longitudinally under-
neath the boat, through these bearing pieces and through bearing pieces on the
truck. This arrangement permits the vehicles to have a slight lateral rocking
Price 9171

page_text: motion, the vehicles being held by rods or links from their inner sides to the
central framing or other convenient part. The vehicles are arranged on the
circular undulating track so as to counterbalance one another, there being a vehicle
alternately upon the crest or top of the wave or undulation and in the trough or
depression. The improved roundabout may be actuated by any convenient gas
steam or other motor.
METHOD OF GENERATING HEAT, ECONOMISING SUMING SMOKE, SUCH IMPROVEMENTS BEING APPLICABLE TO DOMESTIC PURPOSES "
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Teer at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents on the 14th June 1882.
JOHN TEER of Salford in the County of Lancaster, Builder
IN THE MODE OR METHOD OF GENERATING HEAT, ECONOMISING
SUMING SMOKE, SUCH IMPROVEMENTS BEING APPLICABLE TO
DOMESTIC PURPOSES
"
"
IMPROVEMENTS
FUEL, AND CON-
INDUSTRIAL AND
This Invention consists in placing tubes of any suitable metal or material in
front of or in the furnace of a steam boiler or other heat generator for the purpose
of converting or partly converting the fuel into gas. The tubes which are stationary
or made to revolve are open at each end and fed at the front by hand or mechanical
means the fuel being propelled by hand or by a screw or plunger made of iron or
other suitable netal or material such as fire-clay or similar non-combustible
substance.
The heated coke and ashes after travelling through their tube or tubes fall or
are made to deliver themselves onto a lower fire bed, composed of fire-clay or
moveable bars or an endless chain, by which means the spent fuel is brought to
the front of the oven or furnace and may be taken up to re-feed the supply to the
tube fire and being re-plenished with fresh fuel as required will heat the tubes in
the retorts and again gasify the charges in them; the spent fuel falling through a
damper in the lower bed into a closed vault under the furnace or oven, the hot
air therefrom finding its way through gills and orifices into the oven or furnace so
that no portion of the heat is lost.
The sides of the tubes or retorts are pierced with holes or apertures to allow the
free exit of the gas and tar distilled in them to enter into combustion.
In some cases I find it preferable to distil the gases in closed retorts but formed.
to open at each end, and condense the gas in a vessel of water and cause it to pass
into a furnace where coming in contact with the hot coke expelled from the retorts
it ignites and thus creates great heat, thus utilizing the hot coke and preventing
the formation of smoke.
The description hereinbefore given more particularly refers to Steam Boilers for
generating steam; but this Invention is equally applicable to generating heat for
melting ores; converting metals; for use in Chemical and other works where great
heat is required, as well as for domestic purposes generally
IMPROVEMENTS IN MAKING SCALE-BOARDS, AND IN MAKING BOXES OR OTHER LIKE ARTICLES THEREFROM
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Adam Millar at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 6th April 1882.
ADAM MILLAR, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MAKING SCALE-BOARDS, AND IN MAKING BOXES OR OTHER
LIKE ARTICLES THEREFROM."
This Invention relates to improvements in making scaleboards, and in making
boxes, or other like articles therefrom.
.The Improvements consist,―
First. In making composite scale boards from strips of scale board in two
thicknesses or more, by glueing or otherwise attaching them to each other in such
wise that the direction of the grain or fibre of the wood of the strips forming the
first thickness, shall be at right angles (more or less) to the direction of the fibre
in the strips which form the second thickness; and further that the direction of
the fibre of each thickness shall be at an angle of forty-five degrees (more or less)
with the sides of the composite scale board so formed.
Second. In making boxes from composite scale board as above described, in a
manner or method similar to that employed in making boxes from millboard, and
cardboard, and commonly known as "Scoring" by which the box is made of one
piece or sheet, and the lid from another piece in a similar manner.
Third. In order to avoid the bulkiness of a stock of boxes when not in use, by
forming them, so that they may lie flattened out and occupy a small space until
required, when they can be easily folded into the form of a box and lid
respectively, and then fastened at the angles or corners by tying, riveting, or
cementing, so as to be sufficiently secure and firm.
Fourth. In order to produce greater stiffness without adding to the weight of the
composite scale board by employing the method or process in common use by
workers in sheet metal, and known by the terms Dishing," "Beading" and
Corrugating." This may be effected by pressing the composite scale board
between plates or dies, having on their surfaces the desired projections and
corresponding depressions.
"

page_text: "
The process of " Dishing," "Beading," or Corrugating" may be applied, as
may be found most convenient, either before or after the composite scale boards
are "Scored," and cut into the required forms for boxes.
The "Dishing," "Beading," or "Corrugating" may be applied to each layer or
thickness of scaleboard separately before they are joined together to make the
composite scale board, in which case the lines or direction of the depressions of
the one layer or thickness, may be at right angles to the lines or direction of the
depressions of the next layer, so as to approach to a cellular structure, when the
boards are joined together.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY SIGNALLING APPARATUS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Boustead, Henry Neville, and
James Holt at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th October
1882.
JAMES BOUSTEAD of 8, Cambridge Street, Bethnal Green, Brush Maker, HENRY
NEVILLE of 109 Rutland Street, Mile End, Builder, both in the county of
Middlesex, and JAMES HOLT, of 3, Laburnum Cottages, Forest Gate in the county
of Essex, House Agent "IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY SIGNALLING APPARATUS
"
This invention relates to improvements in signalling apparatus for railways in
which a train in passing a signal station or post raises a semaphore or other
suitable signal, which signal is kept raised until the train passes the next signal
which it raises, and the raising of which automatically lowers the previous signal-
By these means we obtain an improved automatic signalling without being dependent
on the action of manual labor, whereby the risk of collision is greatly diminished
as the signal will always be against an approaching train until the preceding train
has passed the next signal.
In carrying out our invention we provide one of the wheels of each end carriage
of a train with a boss of less diameter than the wheel itself; opposite each signal
post or station we provide a horizontal lever working on a suitable fulcrum; one
end of the lever is connected to a vertical lever carrying a semaphore or other
suitable signat; the other end of the horizontal lever is provided with a pedal or
projection extending above the level of the rail in such a manner that when the
train passes, the hereinbefore described boss on the wheel or axle of the last
carringe will depress the pedal and raise the semaphore or signal.
To the vertical lever is jointed or weighted catch lever which when the signal is
raised catches into the vertical lever and keeps it in its raised position and
consequently keeps the signal raised.
Each weighted catch lever is connected by a rod or bar to a lever or crank on
the next signal post or station, in such a manner that when the vertical lever is
raised as herein before described, à catch operates the crank and connecting bar so
as to release the vertical lever of the preceding signal which thereupon falls and
lowers the signal.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS AND ATTACHMENTS
Year: 1882

page_text: A
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Allpress Richardson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th January 1882.
communication from abroad by John. H. Smith, of Buffalo, State of New
York, United States of America.
'
THOMAS ALLPRESS RICHARDSON, of the Firm of Richardson and Alloo, of
Queen Street in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS
AND ATTACHMENTS." A communication from abroad by John. H. Smith, of Buffalo,
State of New York, United States of America.
This Invention has for its object to heat the gas by the flame of the burner
before it is consumed. It consists in dividing the lower part of the burner into
two chambers by means of a horizontal partition and leading the gas from the
lower chamber through a tube passing over the gas flame at a convenient distance
from the latter and so as to form a loop around it, the other end of the tube being
connected with the upper chamber so as to discharge the gas into the same after it
has been heated. From the upper chamber the gas escapes through the orifices of
the burner into the air where it is consumed.
MENTS IN UTILISING WASTE AND OTHER HEAT FOR DRYING BRICKS, TILES, PIPES AND ALL KINDS OF POTTERY WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Woolliscroft at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th January 1882.
GEORGE WOOLLISCROFT of Stoke on Trent in the County of Stafford. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN UTILISING WASTE AND OTHER HEAT FOR DRYING BRICKS, TILES,
PIPES AND ALL KINDS OF POTTERY WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE
TO OTHER PURPOSES."
My Invention relates more particularly to utilising the waste heat given off
when cooling an oven or ovens of fired bricks or other material for the purpose of
drying bricks tiles, pipes and other articles of pottery and has for its object to
dispense with the use of complicated and costly apparatus at the same time that
such waste heat is effectually distributed and utilised.
This I effect in the following manner. When an oven or kiln has been fired
and is required to be cooled down I draw cold air through such oven or kiln by
means of an exhaust fan whereby such cold air becomes heated. This heated air
1 then force or conduct in a similar manner direct into drying rooms or chambers
where it passes amongst the articles required to be dried.
Where there is a number of ovens I provide a separate flue to each oven in
addition to and independant of the ordinary flue-Each of such separate flues is
provided with a damper to allow of its being either totally or partially shut off
from the main flue. Hot air is then drawn through each of such separate flues
direct from the oven by means of a fan after which I pass the same directly into
the open drying rooms or chambers.
When such drying rooms or chambers consist of several storeys I pass the heated
air through a flue or flues placed under the lower room and then convey it to
different parts of the upper chambers by means of vertical pipes provided with
suitable valves or openings at each storey whereby the heated air can be admitted
to any or all such upper chambers as required.
It will be obvious that my Invention may be applied to other purposes
than
those above mentioned such for instance as drying terra cotta flax leather and other
articles I would also remark that my Invention may be applied to the warming and
A

page_text: drying of public buildings warehouses and other similar erections with a view to
economising the cost of so doing but such application will of course necessitate the
creating heat for the purpose of subsequently distributing the same through the
building.
When applying my Invention to this purpose I employ a suitable furnace by
means of which a sufficient supply of heated air can be procured. Such heated
air I force or conduct into horizontal pipes conveniently arranged around each floor
of the building each series of horizontal pipes being connected by means of one or
more vertical pipes so placed that the heated air is carried from floor to floor
thereby and the drying or heating of the building is thus effectually carried out at 1
a comparatively nominal cost.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR ADMINISTERING INJECTIONS OR DOUCHES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas George Fonnereau Dalby
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th November 1882.
THOMAS GEORGE FONNEREAU DOLBY of Dulwich in the County of Surrey,
Manufacturer "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR ADMINISTERING INJECTIONS
OR DOUCHES
"
With enemas or apparatus as at present constructed for administering injections
the liquid to be injected is drawn into and ejected from the enema itself. As
these enemas are generally made chiefly or partly of india rubber and as the
liquids used for injections frequently contain oil or other fluids which act injuriously
upon india rubber it follows that an enema often becomes useless after a very few
applications. A further objection to the enemas hitherto used is that the liquid is
discharged therefrom more or less intermittently,
Now my Invention consists in connecting the force pipe or orifice of an enema
of any ordinary or approved construction or any like pumping apparatus with a
vessel containing the liquid to be injected this vessel having an outlet pipe
communicating with the lower part thereof, so that when the enema is worked in
the usual way it pumps air into the vessel and the pressure of this air within the
vessel forces the liquid which is contained therein in a continuous stream or jet
through the outlet pipe to which any suitable nozzle may be fitted-In this way
only air passes through the eneva proper and the india rubber or other material
of which it is composed or partly composed is not affected.
Another advantage of my improved apparatus is that the vessel above described
may serve as an air tight covering for the enema when not in use and protect it
from the effects of atmospheric influence and otherwise preserve it.
My Invention is also applicable to apparatus for administering douches
IMPROVEMENTS IN BRUSHES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Thomson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd December 1882.
WILLIAM THOMSON, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BRUSHES,"
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of brushes or brooms
of the class provided with long handles for use in sweeping or cleaning floors or
roadways, ships decks, or for similar purposes.
In constructing such brushes or brooms, the handle is usually fitted in the head
or stock at an angle, or in such wise that while the sweeping surface of the brush
is horizontal, the handle is inclined, and in using the brush or broom the hairs or
bristles or fibres forming the sweeping surface are more rapidly worn at one side
of the brush than on the other, the brush is soon rendered useless. The object of
the present Invention is to enable the brush to be worn equally on both sides, and
this object is attained by so connecting the handle to the head or stock of the
brush, that the stock may be readily reversed, while the requisite inclination of the
handle is retained.
In constructing the improved brush or broom, the handle is connected to the
head or stock by means of a short screwed sleeve or tube of brass or other metal or
material. This sleeve is bent or kneed and its lower end is screwed vertically into
the head or stock of the brush, and is fixed either by a single jam nut or fitted
through the stock of the brush and secured by nuts above and below, or by any
similar device. Into the upper bent or kneed end which may alone be tubular, is
fitted the usual long handle of the brush, which may be secured to the sleeve either
before or after the sleeve is secured to the stock.
The improved brush or broom is used in the ordinary manner in sweeping or
cleaning, but when one side is worn (or to prevent unequal wear) the head or stock
may be turned round on the screwed connecting sleeve as an axis by loosening the
jam nut or nuts, and the stock may then be secured in its new position by means
of the nut or nuts.
In constructing brushes according to this Invention, the head or stock may be
made lighter than usual, as there is no danger of splitting it when fitting the
handle.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AN APPARATUS FOR CARBONIZING AIR OR GAS FOR HEATING OR ILLUMINATING PURPOSES.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Defty at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 4th September 1882.
HENRY DEFTY Engineer of Cold Blow Road [New Cross] London S.E.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AN APPARATUS FOR CARBONIZING AIR OR GAS FOR HEATING
OR ILLUMINATING PURPOSES.
This invention relates first to an apparatus of a combined arrangement made of
metal glass or other substances of a round, square, or other forms as may be
required for carbonizing air or Gas for heating or illuminating This invention
consists as follows First there is an arrangement of a cylindrical formed tank or
reservoir of various designs fitted with an out and an inlet tube connections the
tank or reservoir is fitted with a series of cloth web or wire Gauze mesh chambers
and surrounding those chambers is filled and packed with cotton wool or cork
dust to act as an absorbing medium immediately over this is inserted a prepared
Huid of Hydro carbon gradually dripping on the absorbing medium, cotton wool
or dust at the same time there being gas or air propelled by means of a fan bellows
or other means through the cloth web or gauze chambers to be charged with the
volatile Hydro carbons for heating or illuminating purposes one great feature of
this invention is to bring the generating of Gas within the power of every house
holder, by this inexpensive means, being so simple and free from danger or
difficulty.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Illingworth at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd June 1882.
ROBERT ILLINGWORTH, Manager for the firm of R. R. Jackson & Co, Limited,
of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Spinners and Manufacturers. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
My invention relates to arrangements for "weighting" the warp beam," which
must be capable of being varied and adjusted as the warp unwinds from the beam,
and to suit each class of goods to be woven.
By the ordinary mode of "weighting" two levers are used one for each end of
the beam, and both levers are placed on the same fixed central fulcrum, and the
rope which passes round each end of the beam is attached to its respective lever.
With this arrangement the weights required in many cases (being three or four
in number) are very heavy and are too great to be lifted and adjusted when
required with ease and convenience by the weaver, especially if a woman
or girl.
The object of my invention is to make the levers less cumbersome than the
ordinary levers, and to dispense with the necessity for more than one weight on
each lever for ordinary cloth or to arrange so as to make the weights more easily
moveable if more than one is required.
My invention consists in constructing the levers in a double or bent form that
is, the arm of the lever from the fulcrum, for the weight to hang upon, is bent
backwards towards the fulcrum and thus the arm coming from and going towards
the fulcrum are parallel to each other but with a space between.
The fulcrum for each lever is on a separate stud, or on a stud in a bracket,
which by means of a slot or slots can be readily adjusted so that the leverage in
respect to the point of attachment of the rope to the bent arm of the lever can be
increased or decreased as required and the bracket or stud then secured, and there
is a collar with a stud or knob on one side, or one on each side, and which collar
is changeable and reversible, as required, for the rope to be attached to, and this
collar can be slided to and fro and adjusted and then secured by a set screw on the
bent arm of the lever.
The weight can be slided on the lever to increase or decrease the pressure by the
foot of the weaver, and it may be conveniently pushed on to or over the fulcrum
or pushed off the lever at the fulcrum end when desired.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH HARVEST-SAVING APPLIANCES, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Owen Greening and Edward
Dunning Barker at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
14th July 1882.
EDWARD OWEN GREENING of 6 The Terrace, Camden Square, and EDWARD
DUNNING BARKER of London Road, St. John's Wood 66 IMPROVEMENTS IN AND
CONNECTED WITH HARVEST-SAVING APPLIANCES, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS
ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES"
This invention relates to improvements in and connected with those appliances
which are necessary for converting grass into hay, or for ripening wheat, barley,
oats, or other field produce by artificial means, and is applicable specially to what
is known as the "Neilson system of harvesting."
The first improvement has reference to the fan used to exhaust air from a stack
of hay or corn and relates to the method of driving the said fan-the object being
to obtain a very high rate of speed or velocity with the least possible amount of
friction and wear and tear.
This we effect by the employment of very compact, anti-friction driving gear,
consisting of a combination of friction pulleys & sun & planet motion gearing,
with a combined inside and outside driving arrangement in said gearing, the latter
being self adjusting and imparting a uniform surface speed to the inner and outer
discs of the fan.
· By means of these improvements we reduce friction, economise space, and
provide against consequence of wear and tear. The fan we attach to the pipes in
the centre or other portion of the stack of hay or corn by a flexible hose pipe and
adjustable couplings.
The pipes employed we prefer to make, according to another portion of our
invention, of half round or triangular shape, having in any case a flat side to enable
them to lie level on the ground.
We also prefer to make them either tapering or telescopic, so as to enable them
to pack inside one another, when not in use.
The thermometer we employ to indicate the temperature of the stack we prefer
to have marked with plain words to indicate when and how the exhaust fan is to
Price 2d 1

page_text: be applied, and also when danger would be likely to arise from the overheating of
the stacks. We may, if preferred, combine with the thermometer an electric or
other signalling appliance.
Another portion of our invention relates to the combination of a steam injector
with a steam engine or boiler for the purpose of exhausting the hot air from the
stack of hay or corn through the pipes hereinbefore mentioned.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN DRIVING GEAR CHIEFLY FOR VELOCIPEDES PARTLY APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Harry Thresher at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 9th November 1882.
HARRY THRESHER of Finsbury Park in the County of Middlesex " IMPROVE-
MENTS
IN DRIVING GEAR CHIEFLY FOR VELOCIPEDES PARTLY APPLICABLE TO
OTHER PURPOSES."
The principal object of this invention is a driving gear chiefly designed for
tricycles and other velocipedes, but applicable to other machinery also, such as
sewing machines, lathes, and the like,
When applied to a tricycle, this part of my invention is carried into practice as
follows; The driving wheels are loose on the main shaft. The shaft carries for
each wheel a disc with notches and into the notches fit two or more levers. The
levers are notched at the upper end so as to engage with a flange or collar on the
hub of the driving wheel. When the lower end of the lever, gripped by the the
notches on the aforesaid disc are carried forward in one direction the wheel moves
with the shaft. When one of the wheels runs faster than the other, say in going
round a curve, it freely passes as the levers, held by a stop or a spring, or both, do
not then bear on the flange. A plate covers this gearing and keeps the levers in
place, also preventing access of dust &cetera.
The brake and steering gear are as usual, but according to another part of my
invention I provide for varying the speed, for hill climbing purposes as follows.
The pedal shaft is connected with the main shaft by chain gear, two sets
whereof are provided one for fast driving one for slow, one or the other is put in
gear by toothed plates or other form of clutch sliding on the pedal shaft.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LIGHTNING-CONDUCTORS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd October 1882. A communi-
cation to him from abroad by Johann Kernaul, of Munich, in the German
Empire.
"
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LIGHTNING-CONDUCTORS a communication to me from abroad by Johann
Kernaul, of Munich, in the German Empire.
This Invention consists chiefly in placing the conducting wires in grooves which
are applied externally or internally to the conducting rod.
The lightning conductor proper consists of a massive copper point and the
conducting wire of copper, both are pressed together by a copper sleeve whereby
screwing and soldering becomes superfluous.
The hollow iron supporting rod serves not as a conductor of lightning but only
as a support to the point as well as a protecting tube to the conducting wires.
It consists of two strong gas pipes of different strength joined by an iron con-
necting piece which at the same time serves as an outlet to the wires. At the
lower part of the iron rod is a covering sleeve with a leaden collar which serves to
produce a tight joint with the roof.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH THE MANUFACTURE OF SURFACE PRINTING BLOCKS, DIES AND OTHER ARTICLES SUITABLE FOR PRINTING FROM
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Noad at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 4th April 1882.
JAMES NOAD of East Ham in the County of Essex "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND
CONNECTED WITH THE MANUFACTURE OF SURFACE PRINTING BLOCKS, DIES AND
OTHER ARTICLES SUITABLE FOR PRINTING FROM
"
My invention refers to the employment of a new material or of a combination of
materials as hereafter described used in connection with the manufacture of surface
printing blocks.
According to my invention for dies and other works in relief I take of silicate
say fine sand 50 parts; clay or brick carth 50 parts; ground glass 50 parts;
copperas 15 parts; Boracic acid 10 parts, sulphur 10 parts; these are well mixed and
placed in a crucible or retort and heated until brought to a red heat, stirring until
all gases or fumes cease to rise. This carried out the charge is taken from the
retort or crucible is then ground and sifted and the mixture used in the following
manner 100 parts is put into a pan and heated to 450 deg. Fab. sufficient
sulphur being used till the mixture has become fluid. It is then cast into ingots
which can be melted and used in the ordinary way of stereotype casting.
If the block be required for electro or touching up the depth 15 parts wax
stearine or other fats are mixed with the above. This enables me to produce a
block sufficiently soft for an engraver to operate upon.
Materials produced in the manner before described are suitable for receiving
works in relief to be printed from.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CONVERTIBLE SHIRT-FRONTS AND CUFFS.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd July 1882.
A communication from Messrs. Muller and Sussmann of Berlin in the Empire
of Germany.
"
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, proprietor of the firm of J. Brandt &
G. W. v. Nawrocki Patent Solicitor and Civil Engineer of 124 Leipzigerstrasse,
Berlin Germany. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CONVERTIBLE SHIRT-FRONTS AND CUFFS.'
A communication from Messrs Muller and Sussmann of Berlin in the Empire of
Germany
The Invention relates to Improvements in shirt fronts and consists in making
them so that they can be reversed if required and also adapting them for use as
cuffs by means of which the cost of such apparel is reduced and are of great utility
when travelling. The front made from any suitable material is, when folded over
from neck to bottom symmetrical in shape and also with respect to the button or
stud holes and the back and front thereof have the same finished appearance. The
said fronts are fastened onto the shirt by means of buttons or studs and can also be.
employed to the band of the shirt sleeve when required for use as cuffs. The novel
feature of the Invention consisting in the employment of reversible fronts of a
symmetrical form and convertable for use as cuffs.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRICYCLES AND OTHER VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John George Harrison at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st April 1882.
JOHN GEORGE HARRISON of Birminghain in the County of Warwick Manager of
Works. IMPROVEMENTS IN TRICYCLES AND OTHER VELOCIPEDES."
"
My invention has reference to tricycles and other volocipedes having more than
two wheels and has for its object to make tricycles and other velocipedes collapsible
so that when not in use the sides of the vehicle can be brought near together and
the vehicle made so narrow that it can readily be passed through ordinary door
ways. In its collapsed condition, the vehicle can be conveniently stowed away and
readily packed and transported.
I will describe my invention as applied to a tricycle.
I make the frame of the tricycle of four bar jointed together at the ends so as to
form a four sided figure, the sides of which may either be placed at right angles to
one another or folded upon one another so as to lie nearly parallel to one another,
The two principal wheels of the tricycle are connected respectively to the two side
bars of the frame. The seat is carried by the front bar and the steering wheel by
the back bar. The joints at the angles of the frame are so formed that when the
frame is in its expanded state the ends of the front and back bars enter slots in the
ends of the side bars.
The ends of the side bars are provided with screw pins which by being turned
by hand wheels or heads can be made to advance into and retire from holes in the
bars and by advancing therein enter the slots and clamp and fix the front and back
bars to the side bars, thereby making a rigid rectangular frame, and by retiring
therefrom leaving the several bars free to turn upon their jointed ends.
In the latter case the frame can be folded somewhat after the manner in which
a flat parallel ruler is folded the whole four sides coming near together the two
side bars retaining their parallelism and the two end bars being nearly parallel
therewith.
The crank shaft is similarly connected by joints to the frame of the machine so
that it retains its parallelism to the front and back bars of the frame, both in the
collapsed and expanded state of the frame.
In folding the tricycle the steering handle is locked so as to preserve the steering
wheel parallel with the sides of the vehicle.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DYNAMO-ELECTRIC AND MAGNETO-ELECTRIC MACHINES (
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Samuel Beeman, William Taylor and Frank
King all of 110 Cannon Street in the County of Middlesex for an Invention
of IMPROVEMENTS IN DYNAMO-ELECTRIC AND MAGNETO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
(Void by reason of the Patentees having neglected to file a Specification in
pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
'
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Samuel Beeman,
William Taylor, and Frank King at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents on the 2nd October 1882.
JOSEPH SAMUEL BEEMAN WILLIAM TAYLOR and FRANK KING all of 110
Cannon Street in the County of Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN DYNAMO-ELECTRIC
AND MAGNETO ELECTRIC MACHINES,"
The improvements consist of mechanical means for making the field magnets
revolve in an opposite direction to the armature if moving, or in either direction
if the armature be stationary combined with apparatus for adjusting the brushes
together with known modes for the field magnets, revolving at a velocity equal to
that of the armature-Also in the modes of construction of the field magnets and
pole pieces and armature. Also in winding field magnets with insulated metal
for the purposes of getting alterations of tension on the same machine-Also in
commutators for ensuring closer contact and yet avoiding friction-Also in the
use of iron for covering the field magnets or armature or both in lieu of copper
as at present.
The improvements are performed by building the field on a hollow shaft made to
revolve round a shaft carrying the armature these shafts being mounted in suitable
bearings The brushes are adjusted by using a collar on the field shaft, with a
spiral groove made in the collar to receive the end of a counter-balanced pusher, the
device for causing the field and armature to revolve at equal speeds may be of any
known convenient mechanical description. The field magnets are constructed with
their iron core hollow, and the pole pieces made adjustable, these pole pieces being

page_text: of various shapes to conform with the shape of the armature, the unnecessary
portion of the pole piece is dispensed with.
The armature is made with interchangeable bobbins wound by machinery, fixed
in their places by a metal ring or rings-Also an armature is formed of any
suitable material, so that when the wire or equivalent conductor is wound or formed
upon it, the cross section of such ring is of a circular, triangular or ovid form thus
reducing the amount of non-effective material exposed to the action of the pole
pieces, which are hollowed to correspond-and in the circular form affording
ventilation by leaving spaces between the conductors.
The field magnets are wound in disconnected sections joined by switches into 1
series or multiple as desired
The commutator is constructed in sections formed of springs which on revolving
impinge on fixed or moveable surfaces.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BEVERAGES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Agnes Mary Hogg and Mary Gingell
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th October 1882.
4:
AGNES MARY HOGG of Scarborough in the County of York and MARY GINGELL
of High Ongar in the County of Essex IMPROVEMENTS IN BEVERAGES
"
The improvements consist in the manufacture of beverages of or from water,
hops, sugar, yeast, isinglass, vinegar and white of eggs or their chemical equivalents,
in the proportion following or near thereto by mixing at any desired temperates
vidilicet. To every 9 gallons of water mix 3% of a pound of hops, 7 pounds of
moist sugar, a pint of yeast of an ounce of isinglass, '/, of a pint of vinegar
and the whites of two eggs this mixture is allowed to stand and get clear then
bottled off and produces an aerated clear champagne like liquid to which we give
the name of " Lupuline."
IMPROVEMENTS IN WIRE ROPE COUPLINGS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ernst August Lietzmann and Oswald
Borchardt at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th March
1882.
ERNST AUGUST LIETZMANN of Königswusterhausen in the Kingdom of Prussia
German Empire Merchant and OSWALD BORCHARDT of Königswusterhausen in the
Kingdom of Prussia German Empire Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN WIRE ROPE
COUPLINGS
"
This invention relates to an improved device for uniting or coupling two wire
ropes or two ends of one wire rope, and it consists of two cap pieces, one for each
rope end composed of a steel screw sleeve, which is screwed upon the rope end,
and a short steel screw plug, which fits into the threads of the sleeve. This plug
terminates on one side in a tapering screw of the same pitch as the screw plug
and on the other side in a hook or in an eye. The tapering screw is, after the
core of the rope is removed for a length equal to that of the sleeve, screwed into
the centre of the rope until the plug is flush with the end of the sleeve.
By these means the strands of the rope, that is to say the single wires are
compressed between the sleeve and the tapering screw in such manner, that they
are bent into the screw threads in the same proportion as the space between the
sleeve and the tapering screw becomes narrower. In this way the hook (or the
eye) is clamped firmly to the rope.
To unite the ends of a rope fitted with such cap pieces all that is to be done, is
to book together the hook of one cap piece and the eye of the other.
In cases when the rope is required to be tightened up at intervals both cap
pieces are furnished with hooks, and a chain is hooked between, which may be
shortened by removing one or more links and then replacing it on the hooks.
In cases when the coupling is intended for ropes remaining stationary and not
running over pulleys, as for standing rigging of ships, and for other purposes the
two sleeves, of which one is furnished with left hand screw threads, are united by
a middle piece having on one side a right handed screw plug and tapering screw,
and on the other side a left handed screw plug and tapering screw.
The application is performed on both ends of the rope simultaneously after the
ends are furnished with the sleeves by turning the middle piece by means of a
suitably shaped wrench or tool.
Notwithstanding steel is preferred as material for the coupling, other substances
may be used for certain purposes.