IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, E.C.,. Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IM-
Sealed the 22nd. July 1859, and-dated the 24th January 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald
Brooman. at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 24th January 1859:
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet. Street, in the. City of
London, E.C., Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS," (communicated to me by François
Ruff, residing at Paris,) to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in constructing and arranging the parts of pumps. as
follows-The barrel or cylinder of the pump is placed with its axis horizontal,
and is furnished with four valves, two of which are in the upper side and near.
the ends, and two in the lower side near the ends.. The two.lower valves
open into two. suction pipes, which meet and lead by a single pipe to any
suitable reservoir or other place of supply. The two upper valves open into a
closed chamber, which acts as an air chamber, and into.which the delivery
pipe dips. The piston, which moves to and fro in the barrel or cylinder, is
formed of two discs, say of iron, between which are placed two larger discs of
leather or other like material; the edges of which turn over the edges of the
iron discs, and lie against the cylinder. The inner end of the piston rod
passes through all the discs, and has screwed upon the extremity of it a nut,
which keeps the whole together; the piston rod is furnished at its outer end
with a cross-head, the ends of which carry other rods passing back along the

page_text: outside of the cylinder through guides on its sides. Above or below these
rods are other rods oscillating on centres and carrying handles like those of
ordinary pumps. From the middle of these rods depend or stand up (as the
case may be) grooved side pieces, in the grooves of which rollers, attached to
the side rods of the piston, are confined in such manner that as the handles
are worked up and down, the piston rod and piston may thereby be caused to
reciprocate. By mounting the machine with a reservoir on wheels, it may be
made fit for use as a fire-engine, and by connecting it with other suitable
appliances, it may be rendered applicable as a ship's pump, or as any other
ordinary kind of pump.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 23rd July 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD.
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, E.C.,
Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that I, the said Richard
Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS," (a communication from François
Ruff, residing at Paris,) upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do hereby

page_text: declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say:-
This Invention consists in constructing and arranging the parts of pumps as
follows:-The barrel or cylinder of the pump is placed with its axis horizontal,
and is furnished with four valves, two of which are in the upper side and near
the ends, and two in the lower side near the ends. The two lower valves open
into two suction pipes, which meet and lead by a single pipe to any suitable
reservoir or other place of supply. The two upper valves open into a closed
chamber, which acts as an air chamber, and into which the delivery pipe dips.
The piston, which moves to and fro in the barrel or cylinder, is formed of two
discs, say of iron, between which are placed two larger discs of leather or
other like material, the edges of which turn over the edges of the iron discs
and lie against the cylinder. The inner end of the piston rod passes through
all the discs, and has screwed upon the extremity of it a nut, which keeps the
whole together. The piston rod is furnished at its outer end with a cross-
head, the ends of which carry other rods passing back along the outside of the
cylinder, through guides on its sides. Above or below these rods are other
rods oscillating on centres and carrying handles like those of ordinary pumps.
From the middle of these rods depend or stand up (as the case may be)
grooved side pieces, in the grooves of which rollers, attached to the side rods
of the piston, are confined in such manner that as the handles are worked up
and down, the piston rod and piston may thereby be caused to reciprocate.
By mounting the machine with a reservoir on wheels, it may be made fit for
use as a fire engine, and by connecting it with other suitable appliances, it
may be rendered applicable as a ship's pump, or as any other ordinary kind
of pump.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a side elevation of a pump
constructed according to this Invention; Figure 2 is a section of the body of
the pump and the upper reservoir; Figure 3 is a plan of the body of the pump
to shew the action of the piston rod; and Figures 4 and 5 are views of the
pipe by which the water escapes, and of the arrangement which regulates the
piston rod. The pump is supported on cast-iron feet a, resting on a wooden
table or bed b, and strengthened by strong iron rods c, rivitted or bolted to
the table and to the platform d. e is the tank, which is placed between.
the platform & and the table 6, and there secured by means of braces attached
to the rods c. The whole is mounted on two or more wheels, and fitted with
springs or not as desired. Water is drawn frour the tank at each to-and-fro

page_text: The
motion of the piston through a pipe f, provided at its lower part with a rose g,
which prevents any dirt being drawn up with the water. The pipe fis
screwed or attached in any convenient manner to the passage h, which forms a
communication with the compartments l, m, leading to the lower valves i, k;
Water is drawn alternately through these valves into the body of the pump n,
from which it escapes alternately by the upper valves o, p; into the upper-
reservoir q. r is a pipe, placed in the reservoir; Figures 2 and 4, to which
the delivery hose, as shewn at s, is screwed. This pipe being constantly in the
water, the latter is driven through the pipe in one continuous stream by the
action of the piston assisted by the compressed air contained in the case:
piston is composed of two iron, between which the two larger discs of leather
are placed. The edges of the leather are turned over to form the packing,.
and lie against the cylinder. The piston rod s¹ passes through the discs; this:
rod is held by the cross-piece t to outer rods u, working in grooves v. An
oscillating motion is communicated to the rocking lever a, about the point y,
which can be above or below the body of the pump, as desired. This lever (as
shewn in Figures 1, 3, and 5,) is provided at y with a foot z, that slides in
groove; a¹¹ is a small roller fitted in the groove and fixed to the rods u;
two plates c hold the roller in the groove. The foot, in following the
oscillation of the rocking lever forces the roller to run in the groove a¹, and by
this means to communicate a to-and-fro motion to the rods u, which motion is
transmitted to the piston through the cross-piece t. If the rocking lever is
below, the foot is reversed, but the operation of the roller is the same.
When the apparatus is used as a suction and force pump, instead of fitting
the tube and the rose g, as before described, a suction tube is fitted to it,
which passes through the tank to the water reservoir.
.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim the construction
and arrangement of the parts of pumps as herein-before described, and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of July, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
R. A. BROOMAN. (L.S.)