CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN AGRICULTURAL APPARATUS TERMED 'CHAFF CUTTERS."
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Prest, of the Firm of Picksley, Sim's,
and Company, Limited and Reduced, of Bedford Leigh, in the
County of Lancaster, and William Mather and William Doherty, of
the same Place, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
AGRICULTURAL APPARATUS TERMED 'CHAFF CUTTERS.""
Sealed the 5th January 1869, and dated the 8th July 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Prest, William
Mather, and William Doherty at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 8th July 1868.
We, JOHN PREST, of the Firm of Picksley, Sims, and Company,
Limited and Reduced, of Bedford Leigh, in the County of Lancaster,
and WILLIAM MATHER and WILLIAM DOHERTY, of the same Place, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE
MENTS IN AGRICULTURAL APPARATUS TERMED 'CHAFF
'CHAFF CUTTERS,'
CUTTERS," to be as
follows:-
Our Invention relates to that description of agricultural machinery
termed "chaff cutters," and is designed to effect or obtain two or more
[Price 8d.]

page_text: lengths of cut in the same machine with the same cutters, and the
improvements consist in the novel employment and use of two or more
peg wheels" of different sizes, which are secured to and slide in the
bottom feed roller spindle, in contradistinction to the use of only one
peg wheel," as now employed. The said peg wheels are arranged on
the shaft in such a manner that either may be brought into or out of
gear with a driving worm, which may be actuated by hand or band
and pulley, such gearing and " peg wheels" being employed to alter the
length of cut made by the knives of the chaff cutter in the following
manner-The smaller of the two wheels when in gear with the worm
effects the revolution of the bottom roller, which transmits motion to
the top roller, by which means the material is delivered to the cutters;
during the use of such "peg wheel" the chaff is cut in small lengths,
and when the small-sized "peg wheel" is disengaged and the large "
wheel" is caused to rotate another and longer length of "chaff" is cut.
peg
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Prest, William Mather, and William Doherty
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th January 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
PREST, of the Firm of Picksley, Sims, and Company, Limited and
Reduced, of Bedford Leigh, in the County of Lancaster, and WILLIAM
MATHER and WILLIAM DOHERTY, of the same Place, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said John Prest, William Mather, and William
Doherty, Her special license that we, the said John Prest, William
Mather, and William Doherty, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said John Prest, William Mather, and William
Doherty, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN

page_text: "
IMPROVEMENTS IN AGRICULTURAL APPARATUS TERMED 'CHAFF CUTTERS,' upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said John Prest, William
Mather, and William Doherty, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our, or one of our or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Prest, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-
Our Invention relates to that description of agricultural machinery
termed "chaff cutters," and is designed to effect or obtain two lengths
of cut in the same machine and with the same cutters, and the improve-
ments consist in the novel employment and use of two "peg wheels"
of different sizes secured to and capable of sliding on the bottom feed
roller spindle, the large one to gear in at the side of the worm (as in
the present machines) and the smaller one to gear under the worm.
The said peg wheels are arranged on the shaft in such a manner that
either may be brought into or out of gear with the driving worm, which
may be actuated by hand or by band and pulley. We dispense with
the peg wheel usually placed on the top roller spindle, aud drive the
same by means of spur wheels or other suitable appliances.
Such being the nature and object of our said Invention for certain
improvements in agricultural apparatus termed "chaff cutters," I will
now proceed to describe more in detail the manner in which the same is
to be or may be carried into practical effect, and in order that the
same may be clearly understood we have annexed hereunto a Sheet of
Drawings illustrative thereof, and have marked the same with figures
and letters of reference corresponding with those in the following
explanation thereof.
In the accompanying Drawing of a chaff cutter with the fly wheel
and front bearing removed A represents the mouth piece; B, the bottom
roller spindle; C, the fly wheel shaft; D, the large peg wheel; E, the
small peg wheel; F, the worm; and G, G', the spur wheels for driving
the top roller.

page_text: It will be at once perceived that when the large peg wheel is in gear
with the worm (as represented in the Drawing) the feed rollers revolve
at their slower speed, and consequently give the short cut; by shifting
the large peg wheel out of gear and the small one in gear the rollers
revolve faster, and consequently give the long out.
In the Drawing we have shewn the large and small peg wheels as one
casting, but we do not confine ourselves to this arrangement, nor to the
manner of driving the top roller; but we claim as our Invention the use
of the differential wheels gearing into one worm, as applied to chaff
cutters, in the manner shewn in the Drawing and herein-before described,
or any modification thereof, constructed and operating in substantially
the same or a similar manner.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Prest, on behalf of myself
and the said William Mather and William Doherty, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of January in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
nine.
JOHN PREST. (L.S.)