AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CREATING DRAFT, APPLICABLE TO CHIMNIES AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1841

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
THOMAS DAY, of Upper Belgrave Place, Pimlico, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-third day of June, in the fifth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
George Thomas Day, Her especial licence that I, the said George Thomas
Day, my exors, adññors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George
Thomas Day, my exors, adñññors, or assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick upon Tweed, and also in
all Her said Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention of "AN
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CREATING DRAFT, APPLICABLE TO CHIMNIES AND OTHER
PURPOSES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso obliging me, the
said George Thomas Day, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to
be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully
and at large appear..

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
George Thomas Day, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention
to consist in creating a draft, where it would not otherwise exist, by causing
an archimedean or other the like screw to revolve in a cylinder or case at the
place where I wish either foul air to be drawn out or fresh air to be drawn in,
or a draft to be created, the course of the current of foul or fresh air so created
And in further
depending upon the direction in which the screw revolves.
compliance with the said proviso, I, the said George Thomas Day, do hereby
describe the manner in which my said Invention is to be performed by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawing annexed, and
to the figures and letters marked thereon (that is to say):-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 represents a horizontal cylinder, which in the case of a room
requiring ventilation, I should place in the wall or partition of the room. A is
one turn of thread of an archimedean screw fixed to an axis B, which revolves
on two bearings C, D, one at each end of the axis. E is a weight similar to
a clock weight, the string or chain of which is wound over a drum F, to the
axis Z of which drum, or to which drum itself, is fixed or connected, by an
ordinary ratchet wheel and click, the toothed wheel G, which works into the
pinion or worm H of the multiplying wheel I, which multiplying wheel I
works into another pinion or worm J, fixed on to the end of the axis of the
archimedean screw, by which arrangement it will be seen that a great velocity
can be given to the revolutions of the said screw, and according as the said
screw is made to revolve either to the right or to the left, so will the foul air be
drawn out of the room through the wall of which it is placed, or the fresh air
be drawn in.
Figure 2 is an end view of part of the apparatus shewn at Figure 1, and
similar letters being used to denote similar parts in both the Figures, no
further description will be required of this Figure.
Figure 3 represents an ornamental pierced front or screen, marked in this
Figure and in Figure 1, K, which I use, by sliding in or out, as a regulator,
to increase or diminish the power of the apparatus.
Figure 4 represents one of my improved apparatus applied to ventilating a
ship's cabin, for which purpose I use a vertical cylinder or case placed on the
ship's deck, over the cabin or part to be ventilated, and communicating below
with it. The spindle or axes of the archimedean screw is also in this case in
a vertical position; and in this case I have done away with the drum and
weight, and propose that the screw should be turned by hand, for which purpose

page_text: I place the handle W upon the axis of the toothed wheel G, and the shaft axis
or spindle of the screw being in this case vertical, I cause the multiplying
wheel I to work into an endless worm formed on to the upper end of the spindle
of the screw instead of into a pinion or worm J, as before described in refer-
ence to Figure 1. By turning the handle W, the foul air is readily drawn out
of the cabin, or fresh air drawn in, according as the handle is turned to the right
or the left.
Having now described the two principal forms of my apparatus, that is to
say, the horizontal and vertical cylinder apparatus, it is only necessary to
observe that the first mover may be any convenient power. I have herein-
before described that derived from a descending weight and from manual
labour, but it is evident that steam, wind, or water power is equally applicable,
and with reference to my said Invention and when applied to chimneys.
Figure 5 shews how the power of the wind may be made available as a first
mover. In Figure 5, which is the section of a chimney pot and cowl, having
my said improved apparatus applied thereto, L is an ordinary wind revolving
cowl, but with the horizontal part rather lengthened, through which the axis
or shaft B of the screw A passes, such axis working at one end through a
collar O, and having at the other end the bearing P in a frame for that pur-
pose attached to the cylinder. On the end of the axis, beyond O, is fixed a
wind-fan R, and by the action of the wind on such wind-fan the screw A on
the same axis B is made to revolve.
Having now described the nature of my said improved apparatus, and the
manner in which the same is to be put into operation, I wish it to be under-.
stood that it is equally applicable to vertical or horizontal positions of the case
or cylinder, or inclinations thereof, at any angle to suit the particular locality
for which it may be required, and that springs, such as clock or watch springs,
may often, where expence is not an object, be used with advantage as tho
prime mover thereof. And I hereby claim as my Invention an archimedean
or other the like screw, made to revolve in a cylinder or case, open at both
ends, either by mechanical power or by the action of the wind upon vanes or
fans (faster than mere draft would cause it to revolve) and applied to the pur-
poses of creating draft for chimneys, or for ventilating rooms or other places in
manner aforesaid: And such my Invention being, to the best of my knowledge
and belief, entirely new and never before used within that part of Her Majesty's
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, Her said
Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick upon Tweed, nor in any of Her
said Majesty's Colonies or Plantations abroad, I do hereby declare this to be
my Specification of the same, and that I do verily believe this my said Speci-

page_text: fication doth comply in all respects, fully and without reserve or disguise, with
the proviso in the said herein-before in part recited Letters Patent contained.
Wherefore I hereby claim to maintain exclusive right and privilege to my said
Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Thomas Day, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-one.