Improvements in Wire Drawing.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Jan., 1894-Accepted, 24th Feb., 1894
Improvements in Wire Drawing.
I CARL BREMICKER of Haspe, Westfalia, Germany, Manufacturer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
In multiple wire draw benches, that is in those draw benches or wire mills, where
the wire is reduced in one passage through the machine from a lower number at
once to-one several numbers higher, say from No. 18 to No. 24 of the Birmingham
wire gauge, for instance, by passing 5, 6 or more drawing plates in one passage it is
of importance that the wire be conducted to the draw plates in a totally slack state,
because if the wire would be exposed to a tension on both sides it would break.
It is the object of my invention to avoid this.
My machine is also very much simpler and therefore much cheaper than the older
designs.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing is a vertical view of my machine, seen
from the side;
Figure 2 is a similar view seen from the front:
Figure 3 is a plan of the draw bench;
Figure 4 shows a view of the complete machine;
Figures 5 and 6 show details of construction.
From the reel 1 (Fig. 4) the wire is carried by suitable means below the table
to the other side of the same and then to the first draw plate 2 into which it is
carried in a straight line, same as in all the following draw plates.
From 2 it passes on to the small intermediate roller 3 round which it is put
several times so that this roller has a pulling action upon the wire; said roller
therefore is keyed fast upon the shaft 4, which is journalled in brackets 5, and
which is made to turn round by spur wheels 6 and 7, the latter of which is keyed
to the main driving shaft 8. The shaft 8 is also carried in the standards 5 and is
besides supported at its end by a bracket 9. At this end the shaft is provided
with the fast and loose pullies 10 and 11, to which power is transmitted from a
driving shaft which also drives the principal drawing drum 26.
From the intermediate draw roller 3 the wire passes on to the guide roller 12,
which is fitted loose to a pin 13 on an arm 14 of the standards 5. This roller acts
merely as guide roller; it has no pulling action upon the wire; its principal object
is to lead the wire into the grease box 15, in order to grease and cool it. The
grease box 15 is arranged adjustable vertically so that in putting in a new wire
the workman can operate conveniently.
From the guide pulley 12 the wire is led on in a slack state and in a straight
line into the second draw plate 16 and from this it goes in several windings round
the second intermediate draw roller 17, which is also keyed upon the driving shaft 8,
and from said draw roller 17 it is carried round the second guide roller 18 and
through the grease box 19, whence it reaches in a slack state the third draw
plate 20, into which it is pulled by the third intermediate draw roller 21 by
surrounding the same several times. The roller 21 is keyed fast on shaft 4 at the
side of the draw roller 3.
From 21 the wire passes on to the fourth guide roller 22 and again through the
first grease box 15 and in a slack state it reaches the fourth draw plate 23. From
this it goes again several times round the fourth intermediate drawing roller 24
and then on to the fifth draw plate 25 and to the main drawing drum 26, upon
which it is wound up in rings for sale.

page_text: It is of importance that the diameters of the pullies 10, 11 and of the intermediate
draw rollers 3, 21; 17, 24 and of the drum 26 are of the proper ratio to each other;
as from this it depends that the wire can be guided in a slack state to the draw
plates.
The intermediate drawing rollers are exposed to great wear and tear especially
when iron or steel wire is drawn and then grooves are formed in their circumference
and their diameters get unequal.
They must therefore be so arranged, that the worn out part can be conveniently
replaced.
I therefore make these rollers as shown in Figure 6; I put on a solid central
part 27 the exchangeable steel ring 28 which is held fast upon the block 27 by any
Euitable means so that it can not be turned thereon, and in an axial direction it is
held fast by a flange disk 29, which at the same time prevents the wire from
running off from the roller.
For small wire, friction gear may be used in place of the spur wheels 6 & 7.
In the example shown 5 draw plates are arranged; it is evident that the number
may be increased by adding the respective draw pullies and guide rollers at the
side of the others leading the wire in a similar manner to the draw plates.
When a good quality of material is used an expert workman can attend to 10
and even more machines, whereas with the old machines 2 or three machines require
a man to attend to.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In a machine for drawing wire in one passage through several drawing plates,
the double standards 5 carrying the shaft 4 of the intermediate drawing rollers 3, 21
and also the intermediate drawing rollers 17 and 24 on the main shaft 8; the
said shaft 4 being driven from the main shaft 8 by gear wheels 6 and 7; the
grease boxes 15 and 19 arranged before and behind said intermediate drawing
rollers and into which plunge the guide rollers 12, 18 and 22 which are carried
loose on their pins, so that by the action of the intermediate draw rollers the wire
is pulled forwards and into the respective draw-plates, whereas the guide rollers
lead it in a slack state to the said draw plates, whilst the final and principal pulling
action is caused by the drum 26; the whole as set forth and for the purpose
specified.
2. Making the intermediate drawing rollers of a solid block 27 carrying an
exchangeable steel ring 28 fixed thereon as illustrated and for the purpose set
forth.
Dated this 16th day of January 180a