Improved Kiln Fired from Sides or Top for Drying and Burning Bricks, Tiles, Earthenware, Pottery, and Pipes.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Nov., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 10th Aug., 1894-Accepted, 3rd Nov., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Kiln Fired from Sides or Top for Drying and Burning
Bricks, Tiles, Earthenware, Pottery, and Pipes..
WILLIAM STEVENSON 43 Annette Street Govanhill Glasgow. I do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
To make an opening on side of kiln in each chamber. The centre of said
opening to be half way between the floor and top of kiln inside or between the
halfway and top. A valve or damper to be placed above the opening and a close
space to be formed round and above same having a branch with damper into
each space from hot air flue which is connected to all the spaces round the kiln
and also having a branch with damper into each space from flue to stalk, so that
hot air can be taken off or put into chambers and steam taken off by same
opening and space as required, or fires at side can be lighted and steam drawn
through opening and space to stalk.
Dated this Tenth day of November 1893.
+
WILLIAM STEVENSON.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Kiln Fired from Sides or Top for Drying and Burning
Bricks, Tiles, Earthenware, Pottery, and Pipes.
WILLIAM STEVENSON Brickmaker 43 Annette Street Govanhill Glasgow do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The improvement in kilns is as follows.
To make an opening on side of kiln in each chamber. The centre of said
opening to be halfway between the floor and top of kiln inside or between there
and top, a valve or damper to be placed above the opening and a close space to be
formed round and above same with a branch with damper into each space from hot
air flue connected to all the spaces on kiln and also with a branch with damper into
each space into flue to chimney stalk so that hot air can be taken off or put into
chambers and steam taken of chambers by same opening and space above.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing the same
may be properly understood I hereunto append two sheets of explanatory drawings,
to be hereinafter referred to, and showing a kiln as made with my improvements.
Figure, 1, on Sheet, 1, of the drawings is a side elevation of the improved kiln.
Figure, 2, is a horizontal section as taken near the bottom.
Figure, 3, on Sheet, 2, is a transverse vertical section as taken at the line X-X
in Figure, 2.
Figure, 4, is a longitudinal vertical section as taken at the line T-T in
Figure, 2.
Figure, 5, is a horizontal section as taken near the top.
In these drawings the same reference letters and numerals are used to mark the
same or like parts wherever they are repeated.
The kiln described as follows is continuious, supposing it to have eight chambers,
four on each side as shewn on drawing Sheet 1 numbered 1 to 8.
The number of
chambers, and size of same can be made (as required. The parts marked on
[Price 8d.1

page_text: drawings represent the following. a opening up on side of chambers of kiln,
b valve or damper above said opening, C space round and above same, d damper on
branch to flue G to stalk, E damper on branch to hot air flue, N, which is con-
nected to all the chambers on kiln. fopening from bottom of chambers of kiln to
flue to stalk, M valve or damper on top of same in flue to stalk. H division wall
between each chamber, I openings at bottom of same, which can be opened and
closed as required, J openings in kiln to take material out and into chambers,
K fires on side of kiln, L firing holes from top of kiln, O level of floor of kiln,
P flue descending below kiln to stalk.
The material in chambers of kiln would be dried and burned as follows.
Supposing chambers 1 and 2 cooling, 3 and 4 firing, 5 and 6 drying, 7 filling
and 8 emptying. The dampers would be all closed, except the following which
would be open. Valve b and damper E chamber 1 damper E and valve b chamber 5.
Valve b and damper d chamber 6, valve M chamber 4, and valve N chamber 6.
The openings at bottom of division walls H between chambers 4 and 5, and 6 and 7,
would be closed, the others would all be open.
The openings J for taking out and in material, would be built up in chambers 2,
3 and 4, and those in chambers 5 and 6 would be covered with a movable door, so
as to get in to open and close openings I as required.
The fumes from chambers 3 and 4 would be drawn to chimney stalk by opening f.
The hot air from chamber would be taken through opening a and space C to
hot air flue, and from hot air flue through space C and opening a into chamber 5
through openings I in division walls into chamber 6, and steam would be taken
from it, by opening a space C, and opening f to flue to stalk. When chamber 6 is
dried, and chamber 7 is filled, the positions of valves, dampers and openings, would
be removed 1 chamber forward, and so on, as drying and burning progressed.
The advantage of openings and spaces up on side of kiln, connected to hot air
flue, and to flue to chimney stalk, being to put hot air into bottom of chambers of
kiln, and take the steam off near the top, instead of the usual way of putting hot
air in at top, and taking steam away at bottom.
The steam being taken from top, the material in kiln can be put in damper and
dried in a shorter time, and with less waste through squabbing, and the fires at the
sides can burn refuse from gas works etc. and by them the material at side of kiln,
next outside wall, can be burned harder, and in a shorter time.
Having now particularly described, and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
First. The putting of an opening in each chamber, the centre of which is
half way up the side kiln inside, or between there and top, with valve or damper
placed above the opening, and a close space formed round and above same, with a
branch with damper into each space from hot air flue, connected to all the spaces
on kiln, and also with a branch with damper into each space into flue to stalk.
Second. The improved kiln as described and shewn in accompanying drawings.
Dated this 9th day of August 1894
WILLIAM STEVENSON.