IMPROVEMENTS IN...THE. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PRINTING ON GLASS OR OTHER CERAMIC ARTICLES
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Fred. William Heuer, of Meidling, near Vienna, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN...THE. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR
PRINTING ON GLASS OR OTHER CERAMIC ARTICLES."
aled the 14th October 1876, and dated the 20th April 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Fred. William Heuer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th April 1876.
"
FRED. WILLIAM HEUER, of Meidling, near Vienna. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PRINTING ON GLASS OR OTHER CERAMIC ARTICLES."
The object of this Invention is to print or impress upon glass or ceramic articles.
colors or other ornament.
The apparatus employed in carrying out this Invention will be clearly understood
by the following description and reference being had to the accompanying Drawings,
and it consists of a table A secured in suitable guides so as to be moved to and fro.
At the fore end of the table a movable locking or screwing device is provided to
fasten the mould B.which contains an elastic stamp. The rear end of the table A
serves to receive the color which is spread thereon by the roller a. On the rear end
of the table is a post or upright C carrying the lifting roller a of elastic material,
a distributing roller b, and the ink or color box d. The distributing roller b is put
in motion by lever connections and cams e, e', and on the table being moved to and
fro a rotating motion is imparted thereto, which by means of a ratchet wheel and
catch can be effected only to the side towards the ink box as indicated by the arrow.
The ink box is provided with a bar f of triangular section, the position of which can
be regulated by screws in such wise that more or less color will be given on to the
distributing roller b, and the width of coloring surface from the box on the
distributing roller b is regulated by two movable blocks g for the purpose of saving
color and prevent smearing beyond the limits of the mould b, which latter can be
varied in size. The lifting roller a is raised by an inclined parth (when the
table A. advances) so as to touch the distributing roller b, the incline h causing the
lifting roller to touch the distributing roller during one-third of its revolution, and
meanwhile transfers the color. By these means and by the to-and-fro motion of
the color box the regulation of the supply of color from the distributing roller will
be effected. By the length of the inclined part h the lifting roller is brought on to
the coloring table so that the color received from the distributing roller b is

page_text: deposited when the second distributing roller i is in operation. The two rollers 1,1',
on the traverse of the back part of the table beneath them take up the finely
distributed color from the table and deposit it on the backward movement of the
table upon the mould B and again at the forward movement. The form B will pass
in consequence of the described movement under the inserted bottle or the object to
be printed upon, and by the friction, developed by the moving form B the bottle or
object to be printed will undergo a rotary motion and thereby receive the color
from the form B which effects or finishes the print. For inserting and fastening
the bottle or object to be printed upon the following arrangement is employed.
The fixed post or upright D carries the socket and spindle b vertically adjustable.
To this spindle moving in the, socket K is keyed a disc E with four slots, wherein
are semicircular springs adjustable by means of screws. to different diameters for
the different sizes of the bottles or objects to be printed, which springs grip the
bottom part of the bottles and prevent their falling. The bearing F slides in guides
to suit bottles, or articles of different lengths. The socket of the bearing F as well as
the one in the upright D being also. adjustable vertically. In the same socket rests
a hollow spindle m with an axis 'n and rotating head o to receive the extremity of
the bottle's neck. The head o carries a chuck p made of rubber, and is free to turn.
The interior of the spindle m holds a spiral spring which can be pressed by means of
a screw to any required. tension, as for smaller bottles a lighter pressure will suffice
tlian for large bottles. The
axis'n, to which the 'leado is fastened can be pushed
back and is only pressed forward by the spring. The spindle mitself can be pushed
backward and forward in the 'socket, as for smaller bottles the head o reaches over
the table when such bottle is inserted; and the post. Fitself can only be moved, as
far as the edge of the table. To secure the spindle m when adjusted a set screw
is provided on the socket.
When inserting a bottle or object to be printed upon the same will be pressed
with the neck into the head o, which latter is pressed back till the bottom can be
placed on the springs: fixed to the disc E, so as to hold some by the pressure of the
spiral spring between the sockets...
The movement. of the machine is obtained as here represented by means of levers.
In, pressing down the lever H by the foot the lever J will be carried forward and
pulls the table A forward.
***
'
When the foot releases the lever H the weight G will move the table A back, but
1:
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Fred William Heuer in the Great Seal Patent Office on; the 20th
October
1876.
FRED! WILLIAM HEUER, of Meidling, near Vienna. "IMPROVEMENTS
METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR, PRINTING ON GLASS, OR OTHER CERAMIC ARTICLES."
GRAF
*1
IN THE
The object of this Invention is to print or impress upon glass or ceramic articles
colors or other ornament.
The apparatus employed in carrying out this Invention will be clearly understood
by the following description reference being liad to the accompanying. Drawings,
and it consists of a table A secured in suitable guides so as to be moved to and fro.
"At the fore end of the table a movable locking or screwing device is provided to
fasten the mould B, which contains an elastic stamp. The rear end of the table A
serves to receive the color which is spread thereon by the roller a On the rear
end of the framing is a post of upright C carrying the lifting roller a of elastic
material, a distributing roller b; and the ink or color box d. The distributing
roller is put in motion by lever connections and cams e, c', and on the table being
moved to and fro a rotating motion is imparted thereto, whicli by means of a
ratchet wheel and catch can be effected only to the side towards the ink box as

page_text: indicated by the arrow. The ink box is provided with a bar f. of triangular
section, the position of which can be regulated by screws in such wise that moré
or less color will be given on to the distributing roller b and the width of coloring
surface from the box on the distributing roller bis regulated by two movable
blocks y, for the purpose of saving color and to prevent smearing, beyond the
limits of the mould B, which latter can be varied in size. The lifting roller a is
raised by an inclined párt h (when the table A advances) so as to touch the dis-
tributing roller b, the incline h causing the lifting roller to touch the distributing
roller during one-third of its revolution, and neanwhile transfers the color. By
these means and by the to-and-fro motion of the color box the regulation of the
supply of color from the distributing roller will be effected. By the length of the
inclined part the lifting roller is brought on to the coloring table, so that the
color received from the distributing roller bis deposited when the second dis-
tributing roller i is in operation. The two rollers j, j', on the traverse of the back
part of the table beneath them, take up the finely distributed color from the table and
deposit it on the backward movement of the table upon the mould B and again at the
forward movement. The mould or form B will pass in consequence of the described
movement under the inserted bottle or the object to be printed upon, and by the
friction developed by the moving form B the bottle or object to be printed will
undergo a rotary motion, and thereby receive the color from the form B which
effects or finishes the print. For inserting and fastening the bottle or object to be
printed upon the following arrangement is employed :-The fixed post or upright D
carries the socket K and spindle vertically adjustable. To this spindle moving in
the socket Kis keyed a disc E with four slots wherein are semicircular springs
adjusted by means of screws to different diameters for the different sizes of the
bottles or objects to be printed, which springs grip the bottom part of the bottles
and prevent their falling. The bearing F slides in guides to suit bottles or articles
of different lengths, the socket of the bearing F as well as the one in the upright D
being also adjustable vertically. In the same socket rests a hollow spindle m with
an axis n and rotating head o to receive the extremity of the bottle's neck.
head o carries a chuck p made of rubber and is free to turn. The interior of the
spindle holds a spiral-spring, which can be adjusted by means of a screw to any
required tension, as for smaller bottles a lighter pressure will suffice than for large
bottles. The axis n to which the head o is fastened can be pushed back and is
only pressed forward by the spring, and the spindle m itself can be pushed back-
ward and forward in the socket as for smaller articles, the head o reaches over
the table when such articles are inserted in the holding devices and the post F can
be moved only so far as the edge of the table. To secure the spindle m when
adjusted a set screw q is provided on the socket.
The
When inserting a bottle or object to be printed upon the same will be pressed
with the neck into the head o, which latter is pressed back until the end or bottom
can be placed on the springs fixed to the disc E, so as to hold same by the pressure
of the spiral spring between the sockets.
The movement of the machine is obtained as represented in the Drawings by
means of levers and treddle. In pressing down the lever H by the foot the lever J
will be carried and pulls the table A forward, and on releasing the lever H from the
pressure the weight G will move the table A back, but the motion can be obtained
by any suitable known means.
The chief characteristic of this Invention is the capability of obtaining a clear,
direct, and durable print on round and hard objects according to the foregoing
description in a handy way, so that the work can be done by an ordinary workman,
whereby in addition to the usefulness of my Invention for printing directly upon
glass and china great economy of labour will be effected.
For the purpose of effecting this printing on glass, china, and the like a mould,
model, or "negative" must be formed of any suitable material capable of with-
standing a tolerable heat, as for instance, gypsum, cement, or clay, which mould
is to serve for the production of a "positive" mould that is the actual printing

page_text: surface, which positive mould is obtained by simply impressing an elastic compound
into the negative in a warm state. Now an elastic compound which by preference
I employ and find to answer well may be prepared from the following ingredients
and in about the given quantities, viz., 50 parts by weight of glue of the best kind
as known in commerce, 40 parts of water, 50 parts of glycerine (at about 31°
Baumé), and 1 part of olive oil, making together 141 parts by weight. The glue
is dissolved at a moderate temperature in the water, the glycerine and afterwards
the olive oil being added and intimately, mixed therewith by stirring, when the
compound will be poured out to form thin plates. When required for use these
plates will be heated according to my present practice to about boiling point and be
laid upon the "negative" mould, and after being allowed to cool the mass will
retain the required form, and can be immediately used for printing purposes after
being secured to a suitable roller or flat backing.
-
In like manner, types or shells for type printing can be made, and these will be
either at once fastened on or set in a plate or form or frame of metal as in the
ordinary way, but of lighter construction, in which form open spaces are left for
blanks, vignettes, title pages, figures, and other designs; and the ink or color will be
applied in the ordinary manner by rollers.
**
A very serviceable mode of preparing the colors is the following-Finely ground
color of the required color is ground with capaival bálsam to the consistency of cold
butter, to which will be added of venetian turpentine and of thick oil, and
when the whole is perfectly mixed the, color is ready for use..
If an object is to be printed in several colors a special form will be required for
each, and will be brought into. operation one after the other, certain marks being
employed on the table A for the exact fitting of. the forms for the respective layers
of color..
For laying leaf gold the object will be printed with an adhesive mixture, and the
gold applied; and for bronzes the powders will be dusted on.
For china painting the color may be printed on the "biscuit" and same be then
"fired."
When the object has been printed upon with the color above described or when
it is bronzed it is ready for drying, and it is advantageous to cover same for
increased durability with a thin layer of gum or starch solution and then let it dry;
and, finally, the printed surface is coated with adamantine lustre varnish, and these
processes may be effected in a similar way by rollers or revolving brushes.
Having now described the nature and particulars of iny said Invention, I claim
the improvements in the method of and apparatus for printing on glass or other
ceramic articles, substantially as herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Fred. William Heuer, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Second day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy six
FRED. WILLIAM HEUER. (L.S.)
Mashinenmeister (Buchdrucker) Wien, Meidling,
Johannesg, 19.