Improvements in Weaving Looms.
Year: 1889

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Weaving Looms.
We, JOSEPH WEST GREEN Junior, Manufacturer, and GEORGE CHARLES MOORE,
Weaver, both of Easthampton, in the County of Hampshire and State of Massachu-
setts, United States of America do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
"
Our invention relates to a loom for simultaneously weaving a series of narrow
fabrics, and is more particularly intended for weaving that class of narrow elastic
fabrics known as goring" and used for forming elastic gores in "Congress" gaiters
or boots or for other purposes. The object of our invention is to provide a narrow
ware loom in which the different movements will be strong and positive and in which
the different parts of the loom will be conveniently arranged and adapted to perform
their several functions in the most efficient manner.
of the same.
In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a broken out front elevation of the
lower part of our improved loom. Fig. 2 is a similar elevation of the upper part
Fig. 3 is a central sectional view of the lower part of the loom.
Fig. 4 is a central sectional view of the upper part thereof. Fig. 5 represents the
harnesses and their operating mechanism in elevation. Fig. 6 is a plan view of
the harnesses showing also their guiding rolls and central steadying guide. Fig.
is a detail view of one of the adjustable connections of the two-part bars joining
the harnesses with their operating levers. Fig. 8 is a broken out plan view, with
the frame in section, of the lower part of the loom, to show the shuttle and lay
operating mechanisms. Fig. 9 is a detail bottom view of the roller slide on the
lever which operates the shuttle driving bar. Figs. 10 and 11 are detail views
showing the cam for operating the shuttle driving-bar lever and the connections
of said lever with said cam. Fig. 12 is a partial end elevation of the loom looking
from the right Fig. 1. Fig. 13 is a detail sectional view of one of the guide rails or
bars for the lay, in connection with the guide rolls on which said rail or bar runs.
Fig. 14 is a detail perspective view showing one of the cam slots in the lay for
causing the shuttle driving pins to engage and disengage the shuttle. Fig. 15 is a
detail front view of a portion of the lay, showing one of the shuttles. Fig. 16 is a
section on line 16-16, Fig. 15, and Fig. 17 a section on line 17-17, Fig. 15.
Fig. 18 shows one of the shuttle driving pins and the plates in which it is socketed.
Fig. 19 is a cross section of one of the shuttle driving pins on line 19-19, Fig. 18.
Fig. 20 is a detail view illustrating the tension device for the non-elastic warp beams.
Fig. 21 is a detail sectional view to show the construction of the warp-beam tension-.
pulleys. Fig. 22 is a detail elevation, from the rear of the loom, to show the warp
beams. Fig. 23 is a plan view of one of the tension levers for the non-elastic warp
beams. Figs. 24 and 25 are detail views showing one of the beams for the elastic
warps and the tension device therefor. Figs. 26 and 27 are detail views showing the
take-up operating lever and its connection with the lay and pawl-operating bar.
Figs. 28 to 34, inclusive, are detail views of one form of shuttle which we use with
our improved loom; and Figs. 35, 36 and 37 show a shuttle similar to that just
referred to but having a different form of tension.
A denotes the frame work of the loom and B the driving shaft extending length-
wise of the loom and provided with the usual fast and loose driving pulleys B' B² and
with the cranks 6 connected by pitmen with the lay C. The lay, instead of swinging
in the arc of a circle, as is usual,. is mounted on bars or rails c which are secured
thereto and which run back and forth in a right line, horizontally, on anti-friction
guide rolls a turning on bolts or studs fixed to the frame-work of the machine.
The bars or rails c are preferably provided with flanges embracing the rolls a, and
forming grooves for the reception of said rolls, as shown by the detail view, Fig. 13.

page_text: By reciprocating the lay back and forth in a right line we avoid the objection
incidental to swinging lays, (particularly in weaving elastic fabrics) which results
from carrying the shuttles at varying heights through different parts of their
traverse, the shuttles being too near the sets of warps forming the tops of the
sheds at some parts of the swing of the lay and too near the sets of warps forming
the bottoms of the sheds at the other parts of the swing of the lay. Thus if the
lay be carried by arms pivoted at the bottom of the loom the shuttles will be
considerably higher in the center of the back and forth movements of the lay than
they will be at the ends of such movements, and the said shuttles will, when at
the centers of the lay movements, be liable to strike any of the upper warps which,
owing to frictional contact with other warps, occasioned by knots or imperfections
in the yarns, may be a little too low; or the shuttles, when the lay is at or near
the end of its movements, will be liable to strike any of the lower warps which
may be a little too high. This difficulty may be lessened or avoided by reciprocating
the lay back and forth in a straight line, as above described.
The driving shaft B carries at its end opposite the driving pulleys a gear wheel ²
meshing with a larger gear wheel d' on a counter shaft D which carries a cam d
for operating the shuttles. The cam d is preferably in the form of an irregular
plate or flange cast integral with the hub by which it is secured to said shaft. "The
gears are so proportioned that the counter shaft rotates at half the speed of
the driving shaft. Pivoted to a support forming part of the machine frame is a
lever E connected by a pitman E with the shuttle driving bar (reciprocating back
and forth in the lay. The pitman E forms a rigid and positive connection between
the lever E and the shuttle driving bar C, thus avoiding the use of straps or other
loose connections in the shuttle operating mechanism. The lever E carries a pin e on
which is mounted a roller slide e¹ working back and forth in a guide slot or opening a²
in a horizontal plate or bracket A2 attached to the frame of the machine. To the
roller slide el are attached two bowls or anti-friction rolls e² which embrace the
flange or rim of the cam d so that as the latter rotates the lever E will be vibrated
back and forth to give the proper reciprocating movements to the shuttle driving
bar C, said cam being so formed that the lever E will have an intermittent move-
ment occasioned by a dwell at the end of each stroke. As the ends of the flange-
cam d, at which the sharp curves occur, pass the bowls e³ the roller slide el will partly
turn on its pin e, when the dwell of the lever occurs, so that the said bowls can
accomodate themselves to the sharp curves of the said cam and any binding of the
parts is thereby prevented; while said bowls will always be in proper contact with
both sides of the cain-flange, thus insuring strong and steady movements.
The studs
or bolts e, on which the bowls e2 are mounted, preferably pass through slots e¹ in the
roller slide e', so that the bowls may be adjusted to take up wear.
Instead of the flange-cam and roller slide and bowls on the lever E, just described,
a grooved cam or slot in a cam cylinder and a pin or roller stud fixed to the lever E
may be employed; but the flange-cam, bowls and roller slide are preferred, as they
ensure smoother and easier movements.
The lay C is provided with a series of cam slots c¹ in which work the shuttle
driving pins or drivers c² having universal joint connections with the driving bar ",
said drivers being preferably provided with elliptical or flattened portions c³ working
in said cam slots. The universal joint connections of the shuttle drivers is secured,
in the present instance, by providing said drivers with balls or spherical heads cat
their lower ends fitting in sockets in plates c c screwed to the driving bar C. The
upper plates have slotted projections or standards c which receive and embrace the
lower parts of the driving pins c² and which serve as guides to steady said pins as
the latter vibrate back and forth; the ball and socket connections of said driving
pins with the shuttle driving bar permitting said pins to swivel and turn slightly as the
Hattened or elliptical parts thereof pass into and out of the cam slots c' of the lay.
The shuttles F are guided back and forth on the lay in the usual manner in this
class of looms by means of lipped or flanged guides or shuttle supports which enter
grooves in the shuttles, and the latter are provided in their bottoms near their

page_text: opposite ends with slots f2 for the reception of the driving pins c², said slots being
open to the fronts of the shuttles.
From the foregoing it will be apparent that as the shuttle driving bar is recipro-
cated from the lever E the shuttle driving pins, working in the cam slots c¹, will be
moved alternately into and out of contact with the shuttles, the upper ends of said
driving pins swinging forward so as to pass freely beneath the woven web or fabric
as they reciprocate with the driving bar; one of the drivers or driving pins swinging
up into engagement with one end of a shuttle just before the driver at the opposite
end of the shuttle swings forward clear of the shuttle to pass under the web, and thus
each shuttle will always have a positive connection with the driving bar through one
or the other of its driving pins.
The warp beams or spools G for the non-elastic warps are mounted in standards a³, a
at the upper part of the loom. The warps run froin a warp beam to an overhead
pulley g thence down to a lower weight block pulley g', thence up over two other
overhead pulleys g and thence down to the web or fabric. Each of the lower
pulleys g¹ is carried by a bracket or block g² having a hook supporting a weight g³.
The standards a³ have studs g' to enter round holes g in the inner sides of the tension
pulleys so that the said pulleys can turn on said studs, said pulleys having in
their outer sides square holes or sockets g10 to receive the squared end of the warp
beam shafts g passing through square holes in the warp beam. Around each
of the tension pulleys 9 passes a metallic friction band or strap 911 secured at
one end to a stud or pin a' on the standard a3 and at its other end to an eye-
bolt 9 screwed into a weighted tension lever g pivoted on a stud aⓇ in the said
standard. The weighted or long ends of the tension levers 9°, are above the
blocks or brackets 93, each of the said brackets permitting the long arm of its
corresponding lever g, to descend until the friction strap g, attached to the short
arm of the lever, is drawn tight enough on its tension pulley to cause sufficient
friction to counterbalance the weight carried by the corresponding bracket g². When
this equilibrium is reached the bracket g² and pulley g¹ will remain stationary with a
uniform tension on the warps, the latter running from the warp beam over the warp
pulleys as above described, and being drawn forward with the fabric by the positive
take-up which will be described hereinafter.
66
The frictional let-off above described obviates the necessity of using a positive let-off
which is objectionable in elastic fabric looms, particularly in looms for weaving
goring" or wide elastic fabrics, and it has all the advantages in the smooth running
of the warp yarns of the weighted pulleys heretofore generally in use in "goring
looms without the inconvenience of requiring the operator to be constantly attending
to the "letting down" of the warps from the warp beams to lower the weighted
pulleys as the latter are drawn up by the warps in the process of weaving.
Variation of the tension of the warps may be provided for by using lighter or
heavier weights 93, or by providing the levers go with several eye-bolt holes g at
different distances from their fulcrums (see Fig. 23) or by both of these means.
The warp beam shafts g' are secured in bearing slots in the standards a' by sliding
catches a loosely held to said standards by screws passing through slots in said catches.
By lifting one of these catches a warp beam shaft will be free to be inserted in its
slot or removed therefrom in removing or inserting the warp beams.
The rubber warp beams H are mounted on square shafts having rounded ends
journalled in bearings in the slotted upper ends of standards A' attached to the machine
frame. To each of the warp beam shafts his attached a tension pulley /² around
which passes a metallic friction band 13 attached at one end to a hook * on the
machine frame and connected at its other end with a lever pivoted to a bracket h
and provided with a weight which may be adjusted toward or from the fulcrum of said
lever to secure any desired tension on the elastic warps. The beams H slip on and
off from the square shafts h and the tension pulleys are secured to said shafts by set
screws, or in any other suitable way. Instead of this construction we may use for the
elastic warp beams independent shafts or pulleys like those above described for holding
the non-elastic warps.

page_text: Each web or piece of woven fabric passes between a pressure roll I and a positively
driven take-up roll I' to the shaft of which latter is attached a worm wheel i gearing
with a worm on a shaft having a ratchet wheel i*. Pivoted to a bracket a near
one end of the machine is a bell-crank lever K, the long arm of which is jointed to
a bracket J on the lay C; the short arm of said lever being forked to embrace a
pin attached to a sliding har 12 extending the entire length of the loom and
provided with a series of collars ³ to which are pivoted pawls engaging the ratchet
wheels on the shafts .
Thus as the lay reciprocates the lever K will be vibrated to impart a longitudinal
movement to the bar I to cause the pawls to turn the ratchet wheels and thereby
intermittingly rotate the take-up rolls through the worm wheels i, worms ¹ and
shafts. The pressure rolls I are forced downward against the take-up rolls I' by
weighted levers bearing against the shafts of said rolls, in the usual manner.
The warps in passing to the harnesses run below the warp guide rolls L journalled
in adjustable bearing plates m secured to brackets or supports m' attached to the
said
machine frame by bolts m² passing through horizontal slots a in said frame;
slots permitting said brackets to be adjusted horizontally to locate said guide rolls
nearer to or farther from the harnesses as may be desired.
With long fibred warps it is desirable that the different sets should be more widely
separated from each other, to make larger sheds, than the short fibred warps, and to
this end it is necessary to make the upper and lower guide rolls vertically adjustable.
The middle guide roll need not be vertically adjustable as its lower edge should always
be on a level with the weaving line. To provide for the simultaneous adjustment of
the upper and lower warp guide rolls, without changing the vertical position of the
middle guide roll, the bearing plates m are provided with curved slots m³ formed in
the arc of a circle the center of which is co-incident with the center of the middle
guide roll and the bolts mt, by which said bearing plates m are attached to the
Brackets m³, pass through said curved slots. Thus by simply loosening the nuts of
the bolts m the plates m will be free to be turned on the curve of the slots m³,
thereby simultaneously raising or lowering the upper and lower guide rolls and thus
spreading the warps guided by said rolls more or less to make larger or smaller sheds,
the vertical adjustment of the middle guide roll being meanwhile undisturbed.
In order to operate the harnesses n entirely from below, and more steadily and
positively than heretofore, they are connected at both ends by rigid links or bars n'
with the harness operating levers n², n³. The levers n' are operated positively in
hoth directions by the grooved harness cams n, and the levers n³ are positively con-
nected with the levers n² (see Fig. 5) so as to be operated thereby. The harness
cams are constructed in the usual manner to give two, three or four throws to the
harness operating levers. The cam shown in detail Fig. 5 gives four throws to the
harness operating levers at each revolution, as will be understood, but cams giving
two, three or other numbers of throws to said levers at each revolution are also
employed, as is usual.
The links or bars n¹, connecting the harness frames with the harness operating
levers, are preferably made in two parts joined together by right and left thumb
screws n which may be secured to any position to which they may be adjusted by
set screws n°. By turning the screws n the harnesses may be raised or lowered to
change the sheds. The harness cams n¹ are carried by a shaft N provided with a
bevelled gear n' meshing with a bevelled gear d' on the counter shaft D. The
harnesses are steadied and guided at their ends by anti-friction rolls n mounted
on small rods supported by brackets a' attached to the machine frame. The har-
nesses are also preferably steadied at their middles by a guide bracket n which
may also have anti-friction rolls to ensure easy movements of the harness in
contact therewith.
From the foregoing it will be apparent that as the harness cams rotate the har-
ness operating levers will impart positive and steady movements to the harnesses,
(with both ends of which latter said levers are directly connected) without the inter-
vention of the objectionable flexible straps or cords heretofore generally in use, and

page_text: without requiring any connections from above; said upper connections being very
much in the way in narrow fabric looms requiring a large number of warp beams con-
taining the numerous warps. In our improved loom, having the harness mechanism
entirely below the harnesses, the yarns, coming down from above, are brought far
enough forward so that they can be conveniently reached by the attendant when
necessary.
The shuttles F are adapted to carry large cops of yarn and are constructed with
closed bottoms so as to prevent the yarn which they carry from dragging on the
lower parts of the sheds as the shuttles pass back and forth. The shuttles are pro-
vided with improved tension devices and with detachable cop-holding spindles held
rigidly in place but adapted to be conveniently removed and inserted when new
cops are to be placed in the shuttles.
Referring now more particularly to Figs. 28 to 34, inclusive, F denotes the body
of the shuttle the forwardly projecting front part of which is provided at its center
with a delivery eye 2. 3 is the cop-holding spindle and 4 is the cop. The spindle 3
is provided with a tang 5 the upper part of which is notched to form a hook 6 and
the lower part of which forms a downwardly extending projection 7. 8 is the
locking plate by which the spindle is attached to the shuttle, said plate having a
vertical recess 9 to receive the tang 5 of the spindle, and said recess being open to
the front of the plate excepting at the points where it is bridged by the upper and
lower cross-bars 11 and 12. When the spindle is in operative position, as shown by
Fig. 50, it will be rigidly locked in place by the engagement of the hook 6 with the
upper cross-bar 11, the downwardly extending projection 7 being behind the lower
cross bar 12. By lifting the spindle to the position shown by Fig. 31 the hook 6 and
the projection 7 will be disengaged from the cross bars 11 and 12 so that the said
spindle can be readily removed by turning up the forward end thereof and taking the
tang out of the vertical recess or slot 9.
The yarn from the cop passes through a guide eye 13 near the end of the shuttle,
thence through a tension device consisting preferably of two bow springs 14 and 15
held in place by a wire support 16 and a pin 17, said pin passing through both of
said springs and serving also to keep the yarn, which runs below it and above one
end of the said wire, from getting out of the tension device. The ends of the spring 14
are forked or notched to embrace the wire support 16, as is also one end of the
spring 15. To vary the tension the spring 14 may be removed and bent or straightened
a little to cause it to press with more or less force on the yarn. If desired the
spring 15 may be omitted, in which case the yarn will run between the spring 14
and the inner wall of the shuttle. From the tension device the thread runs through
the eye 17 of a light take-up spring 18 housed in a tube 19 attached to the inner
wall of the shuttle.
The spring 18 is, in the present instance, removably secured in its tube by a plug 20
which engages
the tail end of the spring, as shown in Fig. 28, so that if the spring
should break or lose its tension the plug can be taken out and the spring removed
and replaced by a new one.
We prefer to use cops of yarn in our shuttles as more yarn can be carried by the
shuttles at one time than would be possible were quills or bobbins employed, but
owing to the rapid reciprocating movements of the shuttles more or less slack yarn
is apt to be drawn from the cops; and to prevent the loosely hanging slack yarn
from dragging on the lower warps of the sheds we provide each of our shuttles with
a bottom piece or floor 21. This bottom piece or floor encloses the bottom of the
shuttle and as it shuts out more or less of the wind incidental to the motion of the
shuttles and lay it not only serves to lessen the unwinding of the yarn from the cop
but it also prevents any loosely hanging slack yarn from dragging, as above
stated.
•
Our shuttle is provided at its bottom near its opposite ends with slots 22. which
are open to the front of the shuttle, said slots being for the reception of the vibrating
shuttle driving pins & hereinbefore referred to.

page_text: It may be observed here that our improved shuttle is capable of carrying about eight
times as much yarn as is carried by the quills and bobbins of the shuttles heretofore
employed in looms for weaving elastic fabrics, and frequent stoppage of the loom for
the purpose of supplying yarn is therefore avoided.
The shuttle shown in Figs. 35, 36 and 37 is similar to the shuttle above described
excepting as to the tension or yarn controlling device which is self-compensating or
of such construction that when there is a sudden jerk on the yarn the tension
will be lessened so that danger of breaking the yarn will be lessened or altogether
avoided. To this end we provide two coils of wire one of which is attached to the
inside of the shuttle so as to be stationary and the other of which is carried by a
spring arm or rod so as to have a limited movement relative to the stationary coil.
These coils are spread slightly and are so arranged that the convolutions of one coil
will not be directly opposite the convolutions of the other coil so that if forced
together the convolutions of one coil will come between the convolutions of the other.
The tension device is threaded by drawing the yarn back and forth through several
of the convolutions of the coils, the tension being effected by the drag on the yarn
incidental to its irregular or zig-zag passage through the coils; and the tension may
be increased or diminished by threading the yarn through a greater or lesser number
of the bends or convolutions of the coils. If the draft on the yarn be an even and
steady one the spring rod or arm, by which one of the tension coils is carried, will
hold the coils separated so as to keep the tension even, but if there comes a sudden
jerk on the yarn said spring rod or arm will yield and allow the movable coil to
approach the stationary coil so that the path traversed by the yarn in passing through
the convolutions of the coils will be more direct, thus suddenly lessening the tension
to compensate for the extra strain on the yarn and thereby automatically avoiding
breakage of the yarn. Instead of the coils of wire above referred to we may use wires
having a series of bends to produce a serpentine form, the yarn being threaded
through the bends of the two wires in the same manner that it is threaded through
the coils.
Referring to Figs. 35, 36 and 37 of the drawings, F denotes the body of the shuttle
and 4 a cop of yarn carried by a spindle 3. To the inside of the shuttle, or within
the cavity thereof, is a wire frame consisting of two arms 23 and 24, said frame
being attached to the inner wall of the shuttle by screws 25 or in any other suitable
manner. To the arm 23 (which is attached at both ends to the inner wall of the
shuttle by the screws 25 and which is therefore stationary) is soldered or otherwise
suitably secured a coil 26, while to the free end or spring arm 24 is likewise secured
the coil. 28. The convolutions of the coils 26 and 28 are somewhat spread or separated
and the two coils are so arranged relative to each other that the convolutions of one
coil will come between the convolutions of the other coil when the draft on the
yarn forces the spring or movable coil towards the stationary coil, as shown in
Fig. 36.
The yarn from the cop 4 passes through a guide eye 28¹ and thence back and
forth through as many of the convolutions of the coils 26 and 28 as may be necessary
to secure the desired tension. The yarn is drawn into the coils by an ordinary
weaver's hook, in threading the tension device. Ordinarily the yarn will be drawn
through four or five convolutions of each coil; and to increase or lessen the tension it
is drawn through a greater or lesser number of these convolutions. From the tension
coils the yarn passes through an eye 29 carried by a light take-up spring 30 and
thence outward through the delivery eye 31.
From the foregoing it will be apparent that we provide a cheap and efficient self-
compensating tension device which will slacken its frictional hold on the yarn, when
sudden jerks or strains occur, so that danger of breakage of the yarn carried by the
shuttle is reduced to a minimum.
The general operation of our improved loom will be readily understood from the
foregoing. When the power is applied the driving shaft B, through the above
described connections with the lay, reciprocates the latter back and forth, and the

page_text: cam d on the counter shaft D operates the shuttle driving mechanism, the bevelled
pinion on said counter shaft rotating the harness operating shaft N through the
bevelled gear n', the take-up being operated from the lay, as above described.
Owing to the fact that the harness and shuttle operating mechanisms of our loom
are positive and direct we are enabled to run our loom at about double the speed of
other elastic fabric looms heretofore constructed and at a great saving of power; the
movements of our improved looms being so direct and easy that it requires only about
half as much power to run it as is required by the old looms, and there is no lost
motion in the harness and shuttle operating mechanisms. The warp beams are of such
a size that they will carry several times as much yarn as the old warp beams and
frequent replacing of the warp beams is therefore avoided. The guide pulleys for the
non-elastic warps are so arranged, owing to the peculiar shape of the upper part of
the loom frame, that the weights need not overhang the lower part of the frame, and,
as the weights may thus be within the space occupied by the base of the loom, the
loom requires about a foot (in width) less of floor space than the old looms; so that
six of our improved looms can be placed in the space heretofore required for five of
the old looms, which is quite a saving of floor room in the mill. In fact it may be
briefly stated that the object of our invention is to provide a loom which can be run at
high speed with comparatively little power or noise owing to the direct, positive and
easily running mechanisms employed, the working capacity of the loom being still
further increased by the large capacity of the shuttles and warp beams for yarn,
thereby avoiding frequent stoppages of the loom for new supplies of yarn for the
shuttles and warp beams.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
1. The combination, in a loom, of a positively operated shuttle-driving bar recipro-
cating in the lay, and positively operated harnesses actuated by cams and levers
arranged below the same and connected therewith by rigid links.
2. The combination, in a loom, of a lay reciprocating horizontally in straight or
right line guides, a shuttle driving bar reciprocating in said lay, and a cam, lever and
pitman for positively operating said shuttle driving bar.
3. The combination, in a loom, of a lay reciprocating horizontally in right line
guides, a positively operated shuttle-driving bar reciprocating in said lay, and
positively operated harnesses actuated by cams, levers and links arranged below the
same.
4. A loom frame having its upper portion constructed, as described, so that the
tension weights for the warp rolls may hang within the space occupied by the base of
the loom frame.
5. The combination with the lay and its operating mechanism, of the grooved bars
or rails c, attached to the lay, the anti-friction rolls a fitting in the grooves of said rail,
and the loom frame by which said rolls are supported.
6. The combination with the lay and its operating mechanism, of a shuttle driving
bar fitted to reciprocate in the lay, a lever pivoted near its center, a pitman connecting
said lever with said driving bar, a cam for operating said lever and a shaft by which
said cam is carried.
7. The combination with the lay and its operating mechanism, of a shuttle-driving
bar fitted to reciprocate in said lay, a lever, a pitman positively connecting said lever
with said driving bar, said lever being provided with bowls or anti-friction rolls, a
flange-cam the edge of which is received between said bowls or rolls, and a shaft by
which said cam is carried.
8. The combination with the lay and its operating mechanism, of a shuttle driving-
bar fitted to reciprocate in the said lay, a lever having a roller slide provided with
bowls or anti-friction rolls, a pitman positively connecting said lever with said driving
bar a plate or bracket having a guiding slot in which the said roller slide works, a
-

page_text: flange-cam the edge of which is embraced by said bowls or anti-friction rolls and a
shaft by which said cam is carried.
9. The combination with the lay provided with cam slots and the shuttle-driving
bar reciprocating in said lay, of the vibrating shuttle driving pins having universal
joint connections with said driving bar.
10. The combination with the cam slotted lay and its operating mechanism, of the
shuttle-driving bar fitted to slide back and forth in said lay, operating mechanism for
said driving bar, the ball-headed pins having elliptical or flattened portions, and the
plates attached to said bar and having sockets to receive the heads of said pins and
slotted projections for guiding said pins in their back and forth vibrations.
11. The combination with the lay having the cam slots c', of the shuttle-driving
bar Chaving the plates c, c, the former having the slotted projections or standards c',
the shuttle driving pins having elliptical or flattened portions c³ and ball heads c,
the latter socketed in said plates, and the shuttles F baving open slots f³ to receive the
ends of said pins
12. The combination with the tension pulleys g' having in their inner sides round
holes to receive the studs on which they can turn, and having in their outer sides
square holes for the reception of square warp beam shafts, of friction bands or straps
passing around said pulleys, and tension levers with which said straps are connected.
13. The combination with the warp-beam supporting-standards provided with
round studs, of the tension pulleys having on their inner sides round holes to fit said
studs and on their outer sides square holes, the square warp beam shafts fitting in
the said square holes, the tension levers supported by said standards, the friction bands
connected with said levers and passing around said pulleys, the pulleys g₁, the
weighted brackets or blocks g² by which said pulleys are carried and which are
arranged below the longer or outer ends of said levers, and the overhead guide
pulleys g over which the warps pass.
14. The combination with the lay and its operating mechanism. of the sliding
bar 12, the bell crank lever K operatively connected with the said lay and sliding bar
and having a series of collars i³, the pawls i pivoted to said collars, the shafts 13,
having ratchet wheels and worms i, the worm wheels i, the take-up rolls I' with
which said worn wheels are connected, and the pressure rolls I.
15. The combination with the machine frame, of the bearing plates m having the
curved slots m³, the warp guide rolls L, journalled in said plates, the brackets m¹
and the bolts m passing through said curved slots and adjustably securing said
bearing plates to said brackets.
16. The combination with the harnesses, of the grooved harness operating
cams and their actuating mechanism, two connected levers for each harness, one of
said levers being positively operated in both directions by one of said grooved harness
cams and the other of said levers being positively connected with and operated by the
first named lever, and rigid links or bars connecting the outer ends of said levers with
the harness frames at or near the outer ends of the latter.
17. The combination with the harness cans and their operating mechanisın, of the
harnesses n, the connected harness operating levers n³ ³ and the rigid links or bars n¹
connecting the outer ends of said levers with the harness frames, each of said links or
bars being formed in two parts, and right and left hand screws adjustably joining said
parts together.
18. The combination with the square warp beam shafts 1, of the tension pulleys 2
attached to said shafts, the metallic friction bands ³ passing around said pulleys and
the weighted levers to which said bands are attached.
19. A loom shuttle provided with a detachable cop-holding spindle and an enclosed
bottom.
20. The combination with the shuttle body F, of the spindle 3 having a tang 5
provided with a hook 6 and a downwardly extending projection 7, and the locking
plate 8 having the recess or slot 9 and the cross bars 11 and 12 bridging the front of
said recess or slot.

page_text: 21. The combination with the shuttle body F, of the wire support 16, the tension
how spring 14 having notched or forked ends, embracing said support, and the pin 17.
22. The combination with the shuttle body F, of the tension device consisting of
the wire support 16, the bow springs 14 and 15 and the pin 17.
23. The combination with the shuttle body F, of the tube 19 attached thereto, the
take-up spring 18 and the plug 20 for removably securing said spring in said tube.
24. A loom shuttle provided on its inner side near its opposite ends with slots
opening to the front of the shuttle, combined with a shuttle-driving bar having driving
pins with universal joints.
25. The combination with a loom shuttle body, of a tension device consisting of
two coils of wire, one of said coils being stationary relative to the body of the shuttle,
and a spring arm by which the other of the said coils is carried, whereby it is free to
move towards and from the said stationary coil.
26. The combination with the shuttle body, of the frame consisting of the fixed
and movable arms 23 and 24, the latter being a spring arm, and the coils 26 and 28
attached to the said arms.
Dated this Twenty ninth day of July 1889.
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents.