IMPROVEMENTS IN STUDS OR PROTECTORS FOR THE SOLES AND HEELS OF BOOTS AND SHOES AND OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE FEET
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Henry Pugh, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STUDS OR
PROTECTORS FOR THE SOLES AND HEELS OF BOOTS AND SHOES AND OTHER
COVERINGS FOR THE FEET."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Henry Pugh at the
Office of the Cominissioners of Patents on the 9th July 1880.
CHARLES HENRY PUGH, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manu-
facturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STUDS OR PROTECTORS FOR THE SOLES AND HEELS
OF BOOTS AND SHOES AND OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE FEET."
My Invention consists of studs or protoctors, constructed as herein after described,
to be applied to the soles and heels of boots and shoes and other coverings for the
feet (such, for example, as goloshes) for protecting the wearing surface of the said
soles and heels.
Studs or protectors constructed according to my Invention may be applied to the
whole of the surface of the soles and heels, or applied only to particular parts of
the soles and heels, as may be desired.
"
According to my Invention I make the said studs or protectors of reticulated
metallic frames, made by preference of malleable or annealed cast iron, the reticu-
lations or openings in the said frames being filled with pieces of leather, wood, or
other hard and durable material. The said reticulated metallic frames inay either
have a disc like figure or be made squaro or rectangular, or they may have the
figure of that portion of the sole or heel to which they are to be applied. For
example, the protectors for the heel may have the figure of the marginal part of
the heel, and be made in one or more pieces.
•
The reticulations or openings in the metallic frame are made by preference
square or angular, but I do not limit myself to any particular figure of the
reticulations or openings. The reticulations or openings in the metallic frames are
made slightly taper for retaining the filling up pieces in their places.
The filling up pieces of leather or other material being shaped to the figure of
the openings or reticulations are placed therein, and the filled up frame is then

page_text: subjected to the action of a press or stamp. The said filling up pieces are thereby
compressed into the taper openings, and thus securely retained in their places, and
the treading face or surface of the stud or protector made level.
The studs or protectors are fixed to the sole or heel by screws or nails, counter-
sunk holes being made in the metallic frames for the reception of the heads of the
said screws or nails. The treading face of the stud or protector frames may be
roughed, grooved, or notched to give them the requisite bite or hold upon the
ground.
Studs or protectors made according to my Invention are very durable, easily
applied, and economical in manufacture; and as the treading face is composed for 1
alternating parts of different materials, tendency to slipping is counteracted.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Henry Pugh in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 31st
December 1880.
CHARLES HENRY PUGH, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manu-
facturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STUDS OR PROTECTORS FOR THE SOLES AND HEELS
OF BOOTS AND SHOES AND OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE FEET."
My Invention consists of studs or protectors constructed as herein after described,
to be applied to the soles and heels of boots and shoes and other coverings for the
feet (such, for example, as golosbes) for protecting the wearing surface of the said
soles and heels.
Studs or protectors constructed according to my Invention may be applied to
the whole of the surface of the soles and heels, or applied only to particular parts
of the soles and heels, as may be desired.
According to my Invention I make the said studs or protectors of reticulated
metallic frames made by preference of malleable or annealed cast iron, the
reticulations or openings in the said frames being filled with pieces of leather,
wood, or other hard and durable material.
The said reticulated metallic frames may either have a disc like figure or be
made square or rectangular, or they may have the figure of that portion of the sole
or heel to which they are to be applied.
The reticulations or openings in the metallic frame are made by preference
square or angular, but I do not limit myself to any particular figure of the
reticulations or openings. The reticulations or openings in the metallic frames
may be made slightly taper, or have parallel sides for receiving the filling in pieces.
The filling in pieces of leather or other material being shaped to the figure of the
openings or reticulations are placed therein, and the filled up frame is then
subjected to the action of a press or stamp. The said filling in pieces are thereby
compressed into the openings, and thus securely retained in their places, and the
treading face or surface of the stud or protector made level.

page_text: The studs or protectors are fixed to the sole or licel by screws or nails, counter-
sunk holes being made in the metallic frames for the reception of the heads of the
said screws or nails.
The treading face of the stud or protector frames may be roughed, grooved, or
notched to give them the requisite bite or hold upon the ground.
Studs or protectors made according to my Invention are very durable, easily
applied, and economical in manufacture; and as the treading face is composed of
alternating parts of different materials, tendency to slipping is counteracted.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings
the manner in which my Invention is to bo performed.
Figure 1 represents in plan of upper or inner side the reticulated metallic frame
of a disc like boot stud or protector constructed according to my Invention, tho
filling in pieces being removed; and Figure 2 represents vertical sections of tho
same, the upper sectional view being taken on the line a, Figuro 1, and the lower
sectional view being taken on the line b, Figure 1; Figure 3 represents in plan of
lower or outer side and cross section; and Figuro 4 in plan of upper side a finished
boot stud or protector constructed according to my Invention. The sectional view of
Figure 2 is taken on the line o.
Figure 5 represents in plan and sido elevation the filling in pieces of leather or
other material to be placed in the reticulated frame.
The said Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, and the other Figures herein after described
are drawn to a large scale for the purpose of better exhibiting my Invention.
The reticulated metallic frame of the boot stud or protector is marked e, f,ƒ³,
the circular outer part e of the frame being divided into four parts or divisions
9.9. g. 9, by the cross bars f, f2, the cross bar f being formed with blocks h, h, in
which the countersunk holes are made for the reception of the heads of the fixing
screws or nails. The parts e, f, f, and h, are made in one piece, by preference of
malleable or annealed cast iron.
The reticulations or openings g, g, g, g, in the metallic frame are made slightly
taper, as represented in the sectional views for retaining the filling in pieces i, i, in
their places; or the said openings may be provided with straight or parallel
sides. The filling pieces of leather or material i, i, are shaped nearly to the figure
of the openings or reticulations g, 9, 9, 9, as represented in Figure 5. After the
filling in pieces i, i, i, i, have been placed in the openings g, g, g, g, the said filling
in pieces are subjected to the action of a press or stamp so as to compress the said
filling in picces into the openings, and close or contract the metal frame firmly
upon the filling in pieces.
The treading face of the filling in pieces of leather or material and the frame
containing them may be furnished with concentric grooves or notches, or otherwise
roughened to give them the requisite bite upon the ground. The treading faces of
the filling in pieces may either project from or be on the same level as the frame.
In Figure 3 the treading faces of the filling in pieces are represented projecting
from the metal frame.
Figure 6 represents in plan of upperside and vertical section on the line d
another boot protector made according to my Invention; and Figure 7 is a plan
of the underside or wearing face of the same. In this protector or stud a greater
number of taper openings or reticulations is made in the frame than in that first
described, and the openings have a different shape, and coresponding parts are
marked with the same letters of reference.
I do not limit myself to the disc like figure of the studs or protectors, nor to the
shape or number of the openings or reticulations therein, as the said studs or
protectors may have a square, angular, prismatic, or other figure.
Instead of using a metallic frame formed in one piece with the reticulations and
countersunk holes I use a metal case or cup, in which I place a separate frame, or
bar, or bars having the countersunk holes as represented in Figures 8, 9, 10, 11,
12, and 13. In the reticulations or openings thus formed I place the filling in
pieces of leather or other material. The metal case or cup is then subjected to the

page_text: action of a stamp or pross so as to compress the cup or case and filling in pieces,
and thereby secure the said frame and filling in pieces in the cup or case.
Figure 8 represents in front elevation or plan of underside; and Figure 9 in
vertical section a boot stud or protector made according to this modification of
my Invention; Figure 10 represents the separate cross bar containing the counter-
sunk holes for the screw or nail heads.
In the said Figures 8 and 9, is the compressed or closed cup or case having
inclined sides, and is the separate cross bar, having at its ends the countersunk
holes m, m, the said bar & dividing the cup into two parts or divisions, in which the
filling in pieces n, n, are fixed by compressing them in the divided cup, the
compression of the filling up pieces, at the same time fixing the cross bar and
countersunk holes m, m, in their places in the cup, as before described.
Figure 11 represents in front elevation or plan of underside, and Figure 12 in
vertical-section another boot stud or protector in which the cup or case / is divided
into several divisions or reticulations by the-separate frame or crossing bars ??
(represented detached in Figure 13), the said frame or crossing bars being furnished
with the countersunk holes q, q; n, n, are the filling in pieces by which the
reticulations in the cup are filled in the said filling in pieces and the crossing
bars p, p, being fixed in their places as before described.
Having now described the nature of my Invention and the manner in which
the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I claim as my
Invention of "Improvements in Studs or Protectors for the Soles and Heels of
Boots and Shoes and other Coverings for the Feet,”-
First. Constructing the said studs or protectors of metallic frames containing
reticulations or openings for the reception of pieces of leather, wood, or other hard
and durable-material in combination with countersunk holes in the said metallic
frames for the purpose of receiving the heads of the fixing screws or nails, as
herein before described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 of tho
accompanying Drawings.
Secondly. Making the said studs or protectors of an outer metallic case or cup
to contain separate metallic frames or reticulations, or a dividing bar or bars, the
said frames, or bar, or bars containing the countersunk holes for receiving the
heads of the fixing screws or nails for the purpose, and as hereinbefore described
and illustrated in Figures 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13 of the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Henry Pugh, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty.