IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1847

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN CLEGG,
of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, send greeting..
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria did, by
Her Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Seventh day of
January, in the tenth year of Her reign, give and grant unto me, the said
John Clegg, my exors, adññiors, and assigns, Her especial licence, full power,
sole privilege and authority, that I, the said John Clegg, my exors, admors, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said John Clegg, my exors, adiñors, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time, and at all
times thereafter during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within that part of Her said Majesty's
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, Her Dominion
of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso,
that if I, the said John Clegg, should not particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the
same to be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent, that then the same Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages
whatsoever thereby granted, should utterly cease, determine, and become void,
as in and by the same Letters Patent, reference being thereunto had, will
more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Clegg, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention to consist,-
First, in a new arrangement and combination of mechanical parts forming
the picking apparatus, through which motion is transmitted from the crank
shaft to throw the shuttle through the warp.
Secondly, in the arrangement and combination of mechanical parts, by
means of which the position of the vertical tier of boxes containing the
shuttles may be varied, so as to present each shuttle to the action of the
picker, when it is required.
And, thirdly, in the application of gutta percha for making parts of the
loom.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS, IN WHICH THE SAME LETTERS AND FIGURES
DENOTE THE SAME PARTS THROUGHOUT.
In Sheet 1, Fig. 1 represents a front elevation of the principal parts of a
loom, with my improved picking apparatus attached thereto; Fig. 2 repre-
sents a side elevation; Fig. 3 represents a plan view; and Fig. 4, another side
elevation of the same loom.
In Sheet 2, Fig. 5 represents a back elevation of the principal parts of a
loom, with my improved apparatus for varying the position of the shuttle
boxes attached thereto; Fig. 6 represents a side elevation; Fig. 7 represents a
plan view; and Fig. 8 represents another side elevation of the same. In
Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, Sheet 1, a and at represent the 'cams or tappets, whichi
give motion to the picking sticks 6 and 6+ Each of these cams fit on the
boss of the fly wheel c, and are bolted to it. They act upon the upper ends of
the levers d and d+ alternately, which vibrate upon the studse. Through the
lower ends of the lovers d'and d+ the straps f are passed, and these straps are
carried over the segments'g, and round the picking sticks 6. The ends of the
straps foverlap each other where they pass over the segments'g, to which they
are bolted, as seen in dotted lines in Fig. 3. After the picking sticks band
6+ have thrown the shuttle froin one side of the lay or batten to the other;
they are pulled back into the position's shewn in the Drawing by the springs
h. The check straps i prevent the picking sticks from striking against the
end of the slot in the lay or batten. The slot has a buffer of indian-rubber 'or
any other elastic material at the end nearest the reed, to prevent the picking
stick from being injured. It will be seen on referring to the plan view,
Fig. 3, that the lever has been slidden 'on its stud till it is just opposite to
the cam-a+, and therefore ready to give motion to the picking stick 6+ when
the crank shaft shall have revolved a little further. The lever d, however, has

page_text: been slidden to one side of the cam, a, so that when the cam a* acts on the
lever, d; the cam a passes, round. without touching, the lever don, the other
side of the loom. The levers d and d+, instead of working on the studs c,
might be placed on a shaft extending from one loom side to the other, and the
traverse motion might then be given to the shaft on which the levers d and d+
were placed, instead of being given to the sliding barn. The levers d and d+
On one side of the
are slid upon the; studs e by the following mechanism.
loom, and keyed on the crank shaft, is a grooved tappet k, shewn in Figs. 1,
3, and 4. In the groove of this, tappet a segment of metal is placed (drawn
detached at 7). This segment has a projecting pin, which fits in a hole at one
end of the lever m, and the other end of this lever fits into a slot made in the
end of the sliding barn. The lever m vibrates on a stud fixed to the loom
side. Upon the sliding bar nare keyed two forked levers o, whose forks take
into grooves made in the bosses of the levers d and d+. By this mechanism
every revolution of the crank shaft brings either the lever d opposite to the
cam a, or the lever d+ opposite to the cam at, consequently, first one picking stick
and then the other is acted upon. The sliding bar n moves in holes made in
the loom sides. The levers d and d+ may be, acted, upon by friction rollers
attached to the fly wheels c, or to the crank shaft, instead of being acted upon
by the cams a and a+. In this case the shape of the face of the lever d must
be made to suit the friction roller. The studs e of the levers d and d+ are
fixed in slots in the loom sides, so as to be able to regulate the strength of the
pick by-varying the distance between the cams a and levers d.
In Sheet 2, Figs. 5, 6, and 7, 1 represents a pinion keyed on the crank
shaft of the loom, and giving motion to the apparatus for changing the position
of the shuttle boxes. The pinion 1 gears into the wheel 2, the number of
teeth in which is exactly double that of the pinion 1. The wheel 2 revolves
upon a stud, and slides to and fro upon it. The breadth of the pinion 1 is
rather more than twice the breadth of the wheel 2, for the purpose of allowing
the wheel 2 to move to and fro on its stud without getting out of gear with
the pinion 1. The wheel 2 has a long boss, at the end of which is fixed a
disc 3, and from its face projects a single tooth (drawn out detached at 3+).
The wheel 2 has also a similar tooth 25 cast to one of its arms, and these teeth
are made to work in a double rack 4, cast on the bar. 27, seen best in Figs. 5
and 6. This bar is made with a long slot in it, through which the boss of the
wheel 2 passes, and at its lower extremity, terminates in a rack 5, which gives
motion to the pinion 6 and vertical rack 7. The rack 7 is held in gear with
the pinion 6 by a guide box 24, vibrating on a stud fixed to the loom side.
The rack 7 forks off into two bars 8, which are secured to the sliding shuttle

page_text: box 9. By this mechanism every time the tooth on the disc 3 or the tooth 25
on the wheel 2 takes into the rack 4, the position of the vertical tier of
shuttle boxes 9 is altered. The apparatus for throwing the tooth on the disc 3
into gear with one side of the double rack 4, or the tooth 25 on the wheel 2
into gear with the other side of the double rack 4, is constructed in the fol-
lowing manner, see Figs. 7 and 8-10 represents a disc keyed on the crank
shaft, to which is fixed a pin taking into slots made in the disc 11; there
are six slots in the disc 11, consequently each time the crank shaft revolves,
the disc 11 performs one-sixth part of a revolution. A pinion 12, having
in this instance 12 teeth, is fixed to the disc 11, and revolves with it upon a
stud. This pinion takes into a wheel 18, which in this instance has 96 teeth,
and therefore each revolution of the crank shaft makes the wheel 13 perform
a forty-eighth part of a revolution; the wheel 13 has a projecting flange 14,
see Figs. 5 and 7, to which forty-eight tappets are fixed, and these can be
made to act upon the roller 15, secured to the bar 16, so as to elevate or
depress the shuttle boxes 9. The roller 15 is always kept in contact with the
tappets by a spring 23, fixed at one end to the loom side and at the other end
to the bar 16, see Fig. 5. To the extremity of the bar 16 is fixed a stud 17,
which communicates a vibratory motion to the double lever 18, the longer
arm of which is provided with a pin or key taking into a groove made in the
boss of the disc 3. The Drawing is shewn in the position these various parts
would assume, supposing the roller 15 were at its lowest point, or touching the
flange 14; the double lever 18 would then have pushed the tooth on the disc
3 into gear with one side of the double rack 4, and the rack 5 would have
made the pinion 6 turn so much round that the rack 7 would have brought
the topmost shuttle in the tier of boxes opposite to the picker. The next
revolution of the crank shaft by a tappet of the mean size would lift the roller
15 out of the lowest point, and place it on the mean or dwelling tappets, and
by that means withdraw the tooth on the disc 3 from the rack 4, which would
then be clear of the tooth on the disc 3, or the tooth 25 on the wheel 2, the
shuttle boxes being held at the same time by the weight lever 22. The picker
would continue to act on the shuttle in the topmost compartment of the
shuttle box 9, until one of the elevating tappets would act upon the roller 15,
and cause it to push the bar 16 in the direction of the arrow, see Fig. 7; the
double lever 18 would then draw the wheel 2, until its tooth 25 came into
gear with the other side of the double rack 4, and this would raise the tier of
shuttle boxes by the action of the racks 5 and 7, so as to bring the centre
compartment of the tier of shuttle boxes opposite the picker. The tappets
fixed to the flange 14 of the wheel 13 may be arranged in any order to suit

page_text: the pattern to be woven. When a greater or a less range of variation is required
in the raising or lowering the shuttle boxes, the wheel 13, the pinion 12, and
disc wheel 11 may be removed and other wheels of a greater or less number
of teeth may be substituted. The bar 27 is provided with a weight 19, which
is made to counterbalance the tier of shuttle boxes 9. The angular recesses
20 on the bar 27 are made for the purpose of holding the shuttle boxes in
their exact position after the double rack 4 has been acted upon by the tooth
on the disc 3, or the tooth 25 on the wheel 2, and the position of the bar
thereby altered by means of the roller 21 attached to the weight lever 22,
fitting into the bottom of the angular recesses 20. The loom drawn on
Sheet 2 is supposed to be provided with the same picking apparatus as that
described with reference to Sheet 1, but the mechanism for changing the
position of the tier of shuttle boxes may be applied to looms of any other
construction. The shuttle box 9 is drawn with three compartments, but I do
not limit myself to that number, as by altering the length of the racks 5 and
7 and the double rack 4 I can either increase or diminish the number.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner
in which the saine is to be performed, I declare that I claim as of my
Invention,
First, the improved arrangement and combination of the picking apparatus,
which I have shown and described.
Secondly, the improved arrangement and combination of apparatus for
working the shuttle boxes, which I have shown and described.
And, thirdly, the use of gutta percha for pickers and as a substitute for cards
where a jacquard is attached to and forms part of a loom.
And this my Invention being to the best of my knowledge and belief entirely
new and never before used within that part of Her said Majesty's United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, Her Dominion of
Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, I do hereby declare this to be my
Specification of the same, and that I do verily believe this my Specification
doth comply in all respects fully and without reserve or disguise with the
proviso in the said herein-before in part recited Letters Patent contained;
wherefore I do hereby claim to maintain exclusive right and privilege to the
said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Clegg, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Sixth day of July, One thousand eight hundred and
JOHN (L.B.) CLEGG.

page_text: year of
AND BE IT REMEMBERED,, that on the Sixth day,of. July,, in the
our Lord 1847, the aforesaid, John Clegg, came before our said
Lady, the Queen. in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid, was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Seventh: day of July, in the year of our Lord One.thousand