CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Christopher Geldard, of Clithero, in the County of
Lancaster, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 2nd December 1879, in pursuance of an Order of the Lord Chancellor,
ou
1070
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Christopher Geldard at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th April 1879.
CHRISTOPHER GELDARD, of Clithero, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer.
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
My Invention is applicable to the temples, bearers or back rests, and shuttles of
looms, and consists, firstly, in improvements in the steps or bearings for temple
rollers and in troughs for the same; secondly, in improvements in bearers or back
rests; and, thirdly, in shuttles.
In performing the first part of my Invention I support the temple roller by the
end of the trough and in the angle of a slotted bracket, which is fastened to the
trough end by a set screw, and can be moved backwards or forwards to adjust
the roller to the required position, and at the bottom of the trough I place longi-
tudinal slots to allow the dirt to fall through.
In performing the second part of my Invention I cut a slot lengthwise in the
bearer, and in this slot I place a blade of metal or other material, supported by
springs or otherwise, which blade is raised by the springs above the surface of the
bearer against the yarn to regulate the tension of the warp when the shed is closed.
When the shed is open the tension of the yarn depresses the blade to the level of
the bearer, thereby allowing the stationary portion of the bearer to take the strain
of the warp during the "knocking up" of the weft. My improvements in shuttles
consist in making the shuttle sufficiently long to hold two skewers placed one in
line with the other. I prefer to make the hinges at opposite ends of the shuttle
and to convey the yarn from the spools or cops on the skewers through a central
hole in one side of the shuttle, or I make the shuttle of the ordinary length and of
sufficient width to contain the two skewers and spools or cops side by side. The
hinges of the skewers I place by preference at opposite ends, and I take out the
yarn from the spools or cops through holes at opposite ends of the shuttle.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Christopher Geldard in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 2nd
December 1879.
CHRISTOPHER GELDARD, of Clithero, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer.
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
My Invention is applicable to the temples, bearers or back rests, and shuttles of
looms, and consists, firstly, in improvements in the steps or bearings for temple
rollers and in troughs for the same; secondly, in improvements in bearers or back
rests; and thirdly, in shuttles.
In performing the first part of my Invention I support the temple roller by the
end of the trough, and in the angle of a slotted bracket which is fastened to the
trough end by a set screw, whereby it can be moved backwards or forwards to
adjust the roller to the required position, and at the bottom of the trough I place
longitudinal slots to allow the dirt to fall through.
In performing the second part of my Invention I cut a slot lengthwise in the
bearer or backrest, and in this slot I place a blade of metal or other material
supported by springs or otherwise, which blade is raised by the springs above the
surface of the bearer against the yarn to regulate the tension of the warp when the
shed is closed. When the shed is open the tension of the yarn depresses the blade
to the level of the bearer, thereby allowing the stationary portion of the bearer to
take the strain of the warp during the "knocking up" of the weft.
My improvements in shuttles consist in making the shuttle sufficiently long to
hold two skewers placed one in line with the other. I prefer to make the hinges
of the skewers at opposite ends of the shuttle, and to convey the yarn from the
spools or cops on the skewers through a central hole in one side of the shuttle; or
I make the shuttle of the ordinary length and of sufficient width to contain the
two skewers and spools or cops side by side; the hinges of the skewers I place by
preference at opposite ends of the shuttle, and I take out the yarn from the spools
or cops through holes at opposite ends of the shuttle.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect, I will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
Fig. 1 is a front view, partly in section, of a temple and trough to which my
improvements are applied; Fig. 2 is a plan on an enlarged scale of part of the
same; and Fig. 3 is an end view of the same. a is the slotted bracket which forms
my improved bearing; is the temple roller, which is made as usual; and c is the
trough with slots cast in it for the dirt to fall through, and with the end shaped to
accomodate my improved bearing. By means of my improved bearings roller
temples of various diameters may be used to suit the different strengths of cloth
in the loom, and the roller is always kept up to the front edge of the trough,
thereby keeping the cloth of a uniform width and reducing the wear and tear of
the reeds. The difficulty hitherto experienced in keeping the temples up to their
work owing to the wear in the bearings is entirely obviated, as the slot in my
improved bearing allows it to be adjusted in a moment to various diameters of
rollers.
In making my improved bearer or back rest I use a bearer of the usual con-
struction with a slot in it, and in this slot I place a blade of metal or other material,
supported by springs or otherwise, which blade is raised by the springs above the
surface of the bearer against the yarn to regulate the tension of the warp when the
shed is closed. When the shed is open the tension of the yarn depresses the blade
to the level of the bearer, thereby allowing the stationary portion of the bearer to
take the strain of the warp during the "knocking up" of the weft. I make the
bearer, with or without the blade, by preference of glass made from scoria
or slag.

page_text: Fig. 4 is a side view in section of my improved shuttle for containing two cops
or spools; his the body of the shuttle, and i and i¹ are the skewers for holding
the cops or spools, and jis the central hole in one side of the shuttle, from which
the threads from both cops are drawn. The object of my improved shuttle is to
put two parallel threads, either of plain or fancy colours, in the same shed at the
same time.
This object may also be accomplished by making the shuttle of the ordinary
length, and of sufficient width to contain the two skewers and the spools or cops
side by side; the hinges of the skewers are placed by preference at opposite ends of
the shuttle, and the yarns from the spools or cops are taken through holes at
opposite ends of the shuttle.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner of
performing the same, I declare that I claim,
First. The improved steps or bearings for temple rollers, as shewn and described
in reference to Figs. 1, 2, and 3.
Secondly. The improved troughs for temple rollers, as shewn and described in
reference to Figs. 1 and 2.
And
Thirdly. The improved bearer or backrest, as described.
Lastly. The improved shuttles, as shewn and as described, each containing two
spools or cops, whereby two parallel threads can be laid in the same shed at the
same time.
In witness whereof, I, the said Christopher Geldard, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty seventh day of November, One thousand eight
hundred and seventy nine.
CHRISTOPHER GELDARD. (L.S.)