Year: 1724

page_text: WHEREAS our trusty and welbeloved THOMAS GREENING, Nurseryman
and Gardiner, hath by his petition humbly represented unto us that he had
for about thirty years been bred up in the art of gardening, and particularly in
raising, planting, and transplanting of trees in most parts of England, and by
his experience finds that the plant or tree known by the name of the English
elme is very much esteem'd as well for it's beauty when growing as for the use
of it's timber afterwards; that the said English elme is very difficult to trans-
plant so as to grow in either wet or dry sandy land, but more especially as it
would do in other moderate land; that the Dutch elme is much harder in kind
than the English elme, but not of near the value either in it's timber or
beauty of leaf that the English elme is known to be; that the petitioner, after
much applicacon and at great expence, had found that the Dutch elme would
grow on all sorts of land, but the same was deficient in answering either the
end or the desire of the nobility and gentry of this nation as wanting of the
beauty, use, and value of the English elme, and had found out that "Br
GRAFTING OR BUDDING THE ENGLISH ELME UPON THE STOCK OF THE DUTCH ELME
THE SAME WOULD BE OF GREAT USE TO THE PUBLICK, AND HAD HADE FREQUENT
EXPERIMENTS, AND FOUND THE TRUTH THEREOF; THAT HE BELIEVES NO OTHER
PERSON EVER FOUND OUT OR EXPERIENCED THE SAME; THAT THE ENGLISH ELME,
BEING SO GRAFTED OR BUDDED UPON THE STOCK OF THE DUTCH ELME, WILL GROW.

page_text: MORE IN FIVE YEARS THAN THE OTHER IN EIGHT; WHICH IMPROVEMENT HE HUMBLY
PRESUMES WILL NOT ONLY BE BENEFICIAL TO THE RAISERS AND PLANTERS OF TREES,
BUT TO THE NATION IN GENERAL, BY HAVING THESE ELMS TO GROW ON SUCH LAND
AS THE ENGLISH ELME NEVER GREW ON BEFORE, AND WHEN PLANTED ON BETTER
LAND TO MUCH GREATER BEAUTY AND FASTER THAN THE ENGLISH ELME USUALLY
DOES;" and having humbly pray'd us to grant him our Royal Letters Patents
for the sole use and benefit of his said Invenčon throughout our dominions
for the term of fourteen years, according to the statute in such case made
and provided, wee, being willing to give encouragement to all arts and
invenčons that may be for the publick use and benefit, are gratiously pleased
to gratify him in his request.
KNOW YEE, that wee, of our especial grace, certain knowledge, and meer
močon, have given and granted, and by these presents, for us, our heires and
successors, do give and grant .unto the said Thomas Greening, his extors,
adiñors, and assigns, especial lycence, full power, sole priviledge and authority,
that he, the said Thomas Greening, his extors, adiñiors, and assigns, and
every of them, by himselfe or themselves, or by his or their deputy and
deputies, servants or agents, or such others as he, the said Thomas Greening,
his extors, admors, or assigns, shall at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times during the term of years herein expressed,
shall and lawfully may use and exercise his said Invenĉon of grafting or
budding the English elme upon the stock of the Dutch elme, as above
described, in that part of our kingdom of Great Britain called England,
our dominion of Wales, and town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in such manner
as to him, the said Thomas Greening, his extors, adñiors, and assigns, or
any of them, shall in their discretions seem meet, and that he, the said
Thomas Greening, his executors, adñiors, and assigns, shall and lawfully may
have and enjoy the whole profit, benefit, comodity, and advantage from time to
time coming, growing, accrewing, and arising by reason of the said Invenčon,
for and during the term of years herein menconed, to have, hold, exercise, and
enjoy the said lycence, powers, priviledges, and advantages herein-before granted
or menčoned to be granted unto the said Thomas Greening, his executors,
adiñors, and assigns, for and during and unto the full end and term of
fourteen years from the date of these presents next and immediately ensueing
and fully to be compleat and ended, according to the statute in such case
made and provided; and to the end that the said Thomas Greening, his
extors, adñiors, and assigns, and every of them, may have and enjoy the full
benefit and the sole use and exercise of the said Inventon. according to
our gratious intencon herein-before declared, wee do by these presents,

page_text: for us, our heires and successors, require and strictly command all and every
person and persons, bodies politick and corporate, and all other our subjects
whatsoever, of what estate, quality, or degree, name, or condičon soever
they be, within that said part of our kingdom of Great Britain called
England, our dominion of Wales, and town of Berwick-upon-Tweed aforesaid,
that neither they or any of them, at any time during the continuance of the
said term of fourteen years hereby granted, either directly or indirectly do
make, use, or put in practice the said Invenčon, or any part of the same so
attained unto by the said Thomas Greening, as aforesaid, nor in anywise coun-
terfeit, imitate, or resemble the same, nor shall make or cause to be made
any addition thereunto or substracčon from the same, whereby to pretend
himselfe or themselves the inventor or inventors, devisor or devisors thereof,
without the lycence, consent, or agreement of the said Thomas Greening,
his extors, admors, or assigns, in writing under his or their hands and seals
first had and obtained in that behalf, upon such pains and penalties as
can or may be justly inflicted on such offenders for their contempt of this
our royal comand, and further to be answerable to the said Thomas
Greening, his extors, adiñors, and assigns, according to law, for his and their
damages thereby occasioned.. And moreover wee do by these presents, for us,
our heires and successors, will and command all and singular the justices of
the peace, mayors, sherriffes, bayliffes, constables, headboroughs, and all other
officers and ministers of us, our heirs and successors for the time being, that
they or any of them do not nor shall, at any time hereafter during the said
term hereby granted, in anywise molest, trouble, or hinder the said Thomas
Greening, his extors, admors, or assigns, or any of them, or his or their
deputies, servants, or agents, in or about the due and lawfull use or
exercise of the said Invenčon, or anything relating thereto: Provided always,
and these our Letters Patents are and shall be upon this condičon, that if, at
any time during the said term hereby granted, it shall be made appear to us,
our heirs or successors, or any six or more of our or their Privy Council, that
this our grant is contrary to law, or prejudicial or inconvenient to our subjects
in general, or that the said Invenčon is not a new invenčon as to the publick
use and exercise thereof in that said part of our kingdom of Great Britain
called England, our dominion of Wales, or town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, or
not invented and found out by the said Thomas Greening as aforesaid, then,
upon significačon or declaračon thereof, to be made by us, our heires or
successors, under our or their signet or privy seal, or by the lords and others
of our their Privy Council, or any six or more of them, under their hands,
these our Letters Patents shall forthwith cease, determine, and be utterly

page_text: voyd, to all intents and purposes, anything herein-before contained to the
contrary in anywise notwithstanding; provided also, that these our Letters
Patents, or anything herein contained, shall not extend or be construed to
extend to give priviledge unto the said Thomas Greening, his extors,
adñiors, or assignes, or any of them, to use or imitate any invenčon or work
whatsoever which bath heretofore been found out or invented by any other
of our subjects whatsoever, and publickly used or exercised in that said part
of our kingdom of Great Britain called England, our dominion of Wales, or town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed aforesaid, unto whom like Letters Patents or privi-
ledges have been already granted for the sole use, exercise, and benefit thereof,
it being our will and pleasure that the said Thomas Greening, his extors,
admors, and assigns, and all and every other person and persons to
whom like Lřes Patents or priviledges have been already granted as afore-
said, shall distinctly use and practise their severall inveučons by them invented
and found out, according to the true intent and meaning of the same respec-
tive Letters Patents and of these presents; provided likewise nevertheless,
and theso our Lis Patents are upon this express condičon, that if the said
Thomas Greening, his exec" or adm", or any person or persons which
shall or may at any time or times hereafter during the continuance of
this grant have or claim any right, title, or interest in law or equity
of, in, or to the power, priviledge, and authority of the sole use and
benefit of the said Invencon hereby granted, shall make any transferr or
assignment, or any pretended transferr or assignment of the said liberty and
priviledge, or any share or shares of the benefit or profit thereof, or shall declare
any trust thereof to or for any number of persons exceeding the number of
five, or shall open or cause to be opened any book or books for publick subscrip-
cons, to be made by any number of persons exceeding the number of five, in
order to the raising any sum or sums of mony under pretence of carrying
on the said liberty or priviledge hereby granted, or shall by him or themselves,
or his or their agents or servants, receive any sum or sums of money what-
soever of any number of persons exceeding in the whole the number of five, for
such or the like intents or purposes, or shall presume to act as a corporate
body, or shall divide the benefit of these our Lres Presents, or the liberty
and priviledges hereby by us granted, into any number of shares exceeding
the number of five, or shall comit or do, or procure to be cōmitted or
done, any act, matter, or thing whatsoever during such time as such person
shall have any right or title, either in law or equity, in or to the said premisses
which will be contrary to the true intent and meaning of a certain Act of
Parliament made in the sixth year of our reigu, intitled [an Act for

page_text: the better securing certain powers and priviledges intended to be granted
by His Majesty by two charters for assurance of ships and merchandizes
at sea, and for lending money upon bottomry, and for restraining severall
extravagant and unwarrantable practices therein menconed, if these our
Lřes Patents had not been granted, or in case the said power, priviledge, or
authority shall at any time hereafter become vested in or in trust for more than
the number of five persons or their representatives at any one time (reckoning
exec" or admors as and for the single person whom they represent, as to such
interest as they are or shall be intitled to in right of such their testator or
intestate), that then, and in any of the said cases, these our Lies Patents,
and all liberties, priviledges, and advantages whatsoever hereby granted, shall
utterly cease, determine, and become voyd, anything herein-before contained
to the contrary thereof in anywise notwithstanding. And, lastly, wee do by
these presents, for us, our heires and successors, grant unto the said Thomas
Greening, his extors, admors, and assigns, that these our Letters Patents, or
the inrollment or exemplificačon thereof, shall be in and by all things good,
firm, valid, sufficient, and effectual in the law, according to the true intent and
meaning thereof, and shall be taken, construed, and adjudged in the most
favourable and beneficial sense, for the best advantage of the said Thomas
Greening, his extors, admors, and assigns, as well in all our courts of
record as elsewhere, and by all and singular the officers and ministers
whatsoever of us, our heires and successors, in that part of our said
kingdom of Great Britain called England, our dominion of Wales, and town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed aforesaid, and amongst all and every the subjects
of us, our heires and successors, whatsoever and wheresoever, notwithstanding
the not full and certain describing the nature or quality of the said Invencon,
or of the materials thereto conducing and belonging.

page_text: faster than the English elme usually does, to hold and exercise the same in
England, Wales, and town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, for and during the term
of 14 years, according to the Statute in such case made and provided, and
such clauses and provisoes are inserted as were directed.
By Warrant under your Majestie's Royal Sign Manual, countersigned by
the Lord Viscount Townshend.