Improvements in Machines for Producing Retiform Fabrics.
Year: 1897

page_text: Improvements in Machines for Producing Retiform Fabrics.
I, THOMAS SIDNEY SHOULER, of Atlas Chambers, Berridge Street, Leicester,
Engineer and Patent Agent (a communication from abroad by Robert Semmler,
Senr., of Siegmar, Saxony, Engineer) do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows-
This invention relates to machines for producing retiform fabrics, whereby
knots formed on the threads when united may reciprocally interlace or interlock
and produce what may be termed a firm, double and immovable knot for netted,
lace-work or other fancy goods.
The invention refers to such net knitting machines in which only the shuttle or
weft threads are drawn into knots in order to form a net.
In order to describe the invention more clearly reference is made to the draw-
ings accompanying this specification.
Figure 1 is an enlarged view of my double knot, ready to be drawn tight.
Figure 2 is a cross section of the machine showing such parts only as are re-
quired to clearly exhibit my improvements, and Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9
are detail views referred to later.
In order to bind the threads in making net work with a fast knot, the
bearers of the carriage race C1 C2 may be moved sideways on the bars a¹ a³.
On each side of the machine there may be arranged a row of carriages and
bobbins or shuttles d², as for the forming of one knot two of the said shuttles
or bobbins are required. The said carriages in going through the loops held by
the upper and lower hooks e¹ e² and f¹ f2 receive their motion in the carriage
race from the rails gg2.
The upper hooks el e² may be held in a bearer h which may be moved up and
down in any convenient way. The hooks may also be partly revolved.
The lower hooks f¹ f lie in the holders which may be so held by the
bearers that the holders with the hooks f1 f2 can be moved up and down.
The hooks can also be turned on their axes by the small cranks and the
bearers may turn on their pins m¹ m² in order to draw the ends of the
hooks f¹f apart from each other.
The bars or bearers a¹² with the carriage races and carriages d² are
so arranged that they can be drawn apart horizontally so that they may be
brought into the position indicated by the dotted lines in Figure 2.
The knot is formed in the following manner:-The knots are tightened up by
the horizontal outward movement of the carriage races with the carriages and
bobbins or shuttles, as shown in Figure 4 and at the same time the upper hooks
sink and turn round 90 degrees and the lower hooks are drawn apart from each
other. Each upper hook now stands opposite to a lower hook, for example c¹
opposite to see Fig. 5.
After the knots have been tightened up, the upper hooks rise and catch the
threads, at the same time turning back the 90 degrees, thus holding the thread

page_text: in the position shown in Figure 7. The lower hooks now rise and as soon as they
stand above the threads, see Fig. 6 they are turned so that they take hold of the
thread as in Figure 7. As soon as the lower hooks go down and the carriage
races with the carriages and bobbins or shuttles approach each other, the upper
hooks rise and thus each pair of lower and upper hooks holds a loop see. Figure 8.
The working parts are now in the position shown by Figure 9, one row of loops y
(Figure 3) now hangs on the front hooks e¹ and the other row on the back
hooks e. Each pair of loops a and y (Figure 3) are now drawn through by the
motion of the carriages dd2 and the side movement of the rails b₁ 62 (Figure 2).
The carriage races with the carriages and bobbins or shuttles are then drawn
apart to draw up the knots the upper hooks going down at the same time to
tighten up the knots and the motions described are then repeated.
Dated this 27th day of September 1897.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Producing Retiform Fabrics.
I, THOMAS SIDNEY SHOULER, of Atlas Chambers, Berridge Street, Leicester,
Engineer and Patent Agent (a communication from abroad by Robert Semmler,
Senr., of Siegmar, Saxony, Engineer) do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement; ---
This invention relates to machines for producing retiform fabrics, whereby
.knots formed on the threads when united may reciprocally interlace or interlock
and produce what may be termed a firm, double and immovable knot for netted,
lace work or other fancy goods.
The invention refers to such net knitting machines in which only shuttle or
weft threads are drawn into knots in order to form a net.
In order to describe the invention more clearly reference is again made to the
drawings which accompanied my Provisional Specification and to an additional
sheet of drawings referred to hereinafter.
Figure 1 is an enlarged view of a double knot, ready to be drawn tight.
Figure 2 is a cross section of part of the machine, showing such parts only as
are required to clearly exhibit my improvements, and Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
and 9 are detail views drawn to different scales, showing the different positions
assumed by several parts during the formation of a loop, and the tightening up
of the knot. In order to bind the threads in making net work with a fast knot,
the bearers 662 of the carriage race c¹² can be moved sideways on the bars a¹ a².
On each side of the machine is arranged a row of carriages and bobbins or
shuttles d² as, for the forming of one knot, two hobbins or shuttles & dare
required. The carriages in going through the loops held by the upper hooks el e
and lower hooks f¹f receive their motion in the carriage race from the rails g¹ g².
The upper hooks e¹ e² are held in the bearer h which can be moved up and down
by any convenient means and the hooks e¹e can also be partly revolved in the
said bearer.
The lower hooks f1 flie in the holders which are so held by the bearers kl
that the said holders with the hooks f f can be moved up and down. The
hooks ff can also be turned on their axes by the small cranks 11 12 respectively.
The bearers turn on their pins m¹ m² in order to draw. the ends of the
hooks ff apart from each other.
. The bars at a
with the carriage races c¹ c² and carriages d¹ d² are so arranged

page_text: that they can be drawn apart horizontally, so that they are brought approximately
into the position indicated by the dotted lines see Figure 2.
The knot is formed in the following. manner; -The knots (see Figure 1) are
tightened up by the horizontal outward movement of the carriage races c¹
with
the carriages and bobbins or shuttles as shown in Figure 4. At the same
time the upper hooks e¹ e sink and turn round 90 degrees, and the lower
hooks fare drawn apart from each other.
Each upper hook now stands opposite to a lower hook, for example the upper
hook e would be opposite the lower hook f2, see Figure 5.
After the knots have been tightened up, the upper hooks el e³ rise and catch
the threads at the same time turning back the 90 degrees, thus holding the thread
in the position shown by the plan view Figure 7. The lower hooks fl f2 now
rise and as soon as they stand above the threads (Fig. 6) they are turned so that
they take hold of the thread as in Figure 7.
As soon as the lower hooks fi fa go down and the carriage races e¹ with the
carriages and bobbins or shuttles d d approach each other, the upper hooks ele
rise and thus each pair of upper and lower hooks holds a loop, see Fig. 8. The
working parts are now in the position shown by Figure 9, one row of loops
(Fig. 3) now hangs on the front hooks e¹ and the other row on the back hooks e².
As before stated the interlacing of the threads and the tightening up of the
knot will be more clearly understood upon reference to Sheet 2 of the drawings
filed with my Complete Specification, Figure 1 showing the interlacing of the
threads of the net and Figure 1" showing the knots in the net.
The interlacing takes place in the following manner; -The loops and y
having been formed, as previously described, the carriages and bobbins must
be moved through the loops, as follows. The carriages 2 stand in the races
shown in the plan Figure 10; the race bars of the carriages 2 move the width
of one division to the right, whilst the race bars of the carriages move one
division to the left, so that the carriages stand in the position shown in Figure 11.
The carriages then go through the loops to the back and the carriages 2
through the loops to the front, into the position shown in Figure 12. The race
bars A with the carriages now move to the right and the race bars B of the
carriages to the left into the position shown in Figure 13.
The carriages and bobbins again go through the loops and como into
the position Figure 14. The threads then lie in the position shown in Figures 1
and 1*.
The race bars then move away from each other, to draw up the knots, which
then show as the crosses X in Figure 15.
New loops are then formed, on the upper and lower hooks, as previously
described, the race bars are then moved twice in opposite directions and the
carriages at the same time go through the loops."
When the threads are drawn up the knots are formed at the places X X
Figure 15 and the net is formed as in Figure 1".
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is: -
1. A net making machine for producing fast double knots, in which the car-
riage races with the carriages and bobbins or shuttles are drawn apart horizon-
tally to tighten up the knot substantially in the manner described and for the
purpose specified and illustrated in the drawings.
2. A net making machine for producing fast double knots in which the loops
are formed and held by two upper and two lower hooks operating substantially
in the manner and for the purpose specified.
3. A net making machine for producing fast double knots, in which the lower
hooks rise to take hold of the thread and in so doing turn side ways substantially
as specified.

page_text: 4. A net making machine in which the carriages and bobbins or shuttles go
twice through the loops formed of two threads in order to produce a fast knot in
the manner and for the purpose specified.
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