A NEW MODE OF ORNAMENTING CERTAIN CLOTH FABRICS
Year: 1851

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, J, ROBERT
MILLIGAN, of Harden Mills, near Bingley, in the County of York, Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Gracious Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-sixth day of April, One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-one, and the fourteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Robert Milligan, Her especial
license, that I, the said Robert Milligan, my exors, adñiors, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Robert Milligan, my exors, adiñiors, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times during the term of fourteen years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within that part of Her said Majesty's
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, Her Dominion
of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in Her Islands of Jersey,
Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, and Man, and also in all Her Colonies and
Plantations abroad, the following new Invention, namely, "A NEW MODE
OF ORNAMENTING CERTAIN CLOTH FABRICS;" in which said Letters Patent is
contained a proviso obliging me, the said Robert Milligan, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be.

page_text: performed, and to cause the same to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
being thereto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with tho said proviso, I, the said
Robert Milligan, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention to con-
sist in printing, in one or more shades or tints, any device or design, on, upon,
or over flock-printed colored cloths or fabrics, composed or partly composed of
alpaca wool, or composed of worsted or wool and cotton mixed (such as what
are called coburgs), or composed of other suitable mixtures of the before-
named materials, with what is usually known by the name of zinc paint, or
with oil colors or pigments.
And in further compliance with the said proviso, I, the said Robert Milligan,
do hereby describe the manner in which my said Invention is to be performed
by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
It is necessary for the effective carrying out of this Invention that the cloths
or fabrics should be composed of alpaca or other wool or worsted, and mixtures
of these materials, or, at any rate, partly composed of these materials, and the
pigments which I have found best for the purposes of my Invention are those
now known by the name of zinc paints, by which I mean oil colors, the
principal body of which is oxide of zinc or white zinc, instead of oxide of
lead or white lead. The required shades or tints having been obtained by
mixing small quantities of pure color with the zinc body, I simply print in
the usual manner, according to the design and effect required to be produced
on, upon, or over such cloths and fabrics as aforesaid, when it will be found
that the flock on the flock-printed parts of the cloth or fabric will be orna-
mented as highly as any other part, or even more so, according to the contrast
of color selected. Now, whereas it is evident that though by applying my
Invention to flock-printed fabrics in certain cases, a much more highly orna-
mented article may be obtained, yet it is evident that, if good taste be exercised,
very good effects may be produced by merely printing on dark grounds with
white or light colors or fabrics, whether flock-printed or not, or on grounds of
a color merely differing in intensity or shade, the use of zinc color being
equally important in all cases.
And whereas I therefore claim as my Invention,-
First, generally the use of zinc paints, such as I have described for printing
upon fabrics composed of such materials as are herein-before described.
Secondly, printing with the aforesaid zinc paints or with ordinary oil paints,
or with opaque pigments mixed with any suitable oil varnish or gum insoluble

page_text: in water on, upon, or over flock-printed colored cloths or colored fabrics com-
posed of such materials as are herein-before described.
And, thirdly, printing on those parts of such cloths and fabrics which are
not covered by the flock with such paints or colors as aforesaid.
And such my Invention being to the best of my knowledge and belief
entirely new, and never before used within that said part of Her said Majesty's
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, Her Dominion
of Wales, or Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, nor in Her Islands of Jersey,
Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, or Man, nor in any of Her Majesty's Colonies or
Plantations abroad, I do hereby declare this to be my Specification of the
same, and that I do verily believe this my said Specification doth comply in
all respects fully and without reserve or disguise with the proviso in the said
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent contained; wherefore I hereby
claim to maintain exclusive right and privilege to my said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Milligan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Sixteenth day of September, One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-one.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Sixteenth day of September,
in the year of our Lord 1851, the aforesaid Robert Milligan came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to
the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Seventeenth day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-one.

page_text: ROBERT MILLIGAN. (L.S.)
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
MILLIGAN, of Harden Mills, near Bingley, in the County of York, Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Gracious Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Twenty-sixth day of April, One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-one, and the fourteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her
heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Robert Milligan,
Her especial licence, that I, the said Robert Milligan, my exors, adiñors,
and assigns, or such others, as I, the said Robert Milligan, my exors, adñors,
or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times during the term of fourteen years therein expressed, should

page_text: and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within that part of Her said
Majesty's United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.called England, Her
Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in Her. Islands of
Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, and Man, and also in all Her Colonies and
Plantations abroad, the following new Invention, namely, "A NEW MODE OF
ORNAMENTING CERTAIN CLOTH FABRICS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained
a proviso, obliging me, the said Robert Milligan, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of
my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to
cause the same to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereto
had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Robert Milligan, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention to consist in
printing, in one or more shades or tints, any device or design, on, upon, or over
flock-printed colored cloths or fabrics, composed or partly composed of alpaca
wool, or composed of worsted or wool and cotton-mixed (such as what are called
enburgs)-or-composed-of-other-suitable-mixtures of-the-before-named-materials,
with what is usually known by the name of zinc paint, or with oil colors or
pigments.
And in further compliance with the said proviso, I, the said Robert
Milligan, do hereby describe the manner in which my said Invention is to be
performed by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
It is necessary for the effective carrying out of this Invention that the
cloths or fabrics should be composed of alpaca, or other week or worsted-and
mixtures of these materials, or, at any rate, partly composed of this material, and
the pigments which I have found best for the purposes of my Invention are
those now known by the name of zinc paints, by which I mean oil colors; the
principal body of which is oxide of zinc or white zinc, instead of oxide of lead
or white lead. The required shades or tints having been obtained by mixing
small quantities of pure color with the zinc body, I simply print in the usual
manner, according to the design and effect required to be produced on, upon,
or over, such cloths and fabrics, as aforesaid, when it will be found that the
flock on the flock-printed parts of the cloth or fabric will be ornamented as
highly as any other part, or even more so, according to the contrast of color
selected.
And whereas it is evident that though, by applying my Invention to flock-

page_text: printed fabrics in certain cases, a much moro highly ornamented article may be
obtained, yet it is evident that if good taste bo exercised, very good effects
may be produced by merely printing on dark grounds with white or light colors
on fabrics, whether flock-printed or not, or on grounds of a color merely
differing in intensity or shade; the use of zinc color being equally important in
all cases.
And whereas I therefore claim as my Invention:-First, generally the use
of zinc paints, such as I have described, for printing upon fabrics composed of
such materials as are herein-before described.
Secondly, printing with the aforesaid zinc paints, or with ordinary oil paints,
or with opaque pigments, mixed with any suitable oil, varnish, or gum insoluble
in water, on, upon, or over flock-printed colored cloths or colored fabrics
composed of such materials as are berein-before described.
And, thirdly, printing on those parts of such cloths and fabrics which are
not covered by the flock with such paints or colors, as aforesaid.
And such my Invention being to the best of my knowledge and belief
entirely new, and never before used within that said part of Her said Majesty's
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, Her Dominion
of Wales, or Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, nor in Her Islands of Jersey,
Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, or Man, nor in any of Her Majesty's Colonies or
Plantations abroad, I do hereby declare this to be my Specification of the
same, and that I do verily believe this my said Specification doth comply in
all respects fully and without reserve or disguise with the proviso in the said
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent contained; wherefore I hereby
claim to maintain exclusive right and privilege to my said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Milligan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Sixteenth day of September, One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-one.
To the Clerk of the Patents of England.
This is to certify, That Robert Milligan, of Harden Mills, near Bingley, in
the County of York, Manufacturer, has applied to me for leave to enter with
you the above-written Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration of a certain
Invention for which Letters Patent were granted to him under the Great Seal
of Great Britain, dated at Westminster, the Twenty-sixth day of April, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-one, and to which a Specification has been
duly enrolled. And having considered the said application, I directed him to
advertise his said Disclaimer and Alteration in the London Gazette, and in the

page_text: Times, the Morning Herald, and the Manchester Courier and Lancashire
General Advertiser newspapers; in the London Gazette on Friday, the
Twenty-third day of April last; in the Morning Herald on Thursday, April
the Twenty-second; and in the Times and the Manchester Courier and Lan-
cashire General Advertiser newspapers on Saturday, the Twenty-fourth day of
the said month of April. And no valid objection having been made to the said
application, I have accordingly granted leave to the said Robert Milligan to
file his said Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration pursuant to the Statute
passed in the fifth and sixth years of the reign of His late Majesty King
William the Fourth, entitled An Act to amend the Law touching Letters
Patent for Inventions.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eighteenth day of May, in the
year of our Lord 1852, the aforesaid Robert Milligan came before our said
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Disclaimer afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Disclaimer aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.