IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SPINNING
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Thomas, Mechanic, and William Fielding
Marshall, Reed Maker, both of Shipley, in the West Riding of the
County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
SPINNING."
Sealed the 23rd February 1864, and dated the 26th August 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Thomas and Wil-
liam Fielding Marshall at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 26th August 1863.
We, JAMES THOMAS, Mechanic, and WILLIAM FIELDING MARSHALL, Reed
Maker, both of Shipley, in the West Riding of the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
SPINNING," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to prevent waste of yarn in spinning, which
arises from various causes. According to the ordinary method when anything
takes place to disturb or interrupt the spinning of the yarn, it begins to form
a knot or ravelled body of waste on the spindle top, and takes up the yarn as
it is given off from the rollers until it becomes so large that the spindle will
no longer carry it; it then breaks down, and the roving recoils on the roller.
The waste is occasioned by bad, imperfect, or uneven bobbins, and from other
The amount of loss occasioned thereby is very considerable.
According to our improvements, this waste of yarn, wool, or other material
is totally prevented, or nearly so, by what we term our detecting trap. By
his contrivance the roving is prevented from being twisted or spun between

page_text: the flyer socket and the front rollers, thus leaving the portion that would have
been made into hard waste untwisted, and therefore reworkable.
We apply
this Invention to the spinning of yarns from wool, worsted, mobair, alpaca,
and all threads or yarns made from animal substances or fibres, also to flax,
jute, and all other vegetable fibres with the exception of cotton.
The annexed Drawing represents our detector trap, in which A is a stud
plate and pin, fastened or secured by two screws to the doffing board of the
spinning frame; B is a knife, the edge or cutting part of which is shown at C;
the knife B, which is made of steel, is rabited into A at D. C forms the trap
or cutting and detective point; when the thread begins to curl, the bent or
oblique end of the detector is so placed as to catch and interrupt the loop
formed by the curling of the thread.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Thomas and William Fielding Marshall in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 25th February 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
THOMAS, Mechanic, and WILLIAM FIELDING MARSHALL, Reed Maker, both of
Shipley, in the West Riding of the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said James Thomas and William Fielding Marshall, Her special
licence that we, the said James Thomas and William Fielding Marshall, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said James
Thomas and William Fielding Marshall, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SPINNING," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said James Thomas and William Fielding Marshall, our
executors. or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within

page_text: six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said James Thomas and William Fielding
Marshall, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following?statement, reference being had to the Sheet of
Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon
(that is to say) :-
=
The object of this Invention is to prevent waste of yarn in spinning, which
arises from various causes. According to the ordinary method when anything
takes place to disturb or interrupt the spinning of the yarn it begins to form
a knot or raveled body of waste on the spindle top or flyer socket, which
continues to take up the yarn as it is given off from the rollers until it
becomes so large that the spindle will no longer carry it. It then breaks
down, and the roving recoils on the roller. This waste is occasioned by lumps
in the yarn or roving, or in the wool, and also by bad, imperfect, or uneven
bobbins, and from other causes. The amount of loss occasioned thereby is
very considerable.
According to our improvements the waste of yarn or other material is
totally prevented, or nearly so, by an instrument which we term a detector
or trap. By this contrivance the roving is prevented from being twisted or
spun between the flyer socket and the front rollers, thus leaving the portion
that would have been made into hard waste untwisted, and therefore rework-
able. We apply this Invention to the spinning of yarn from wool, worsted,
mohair, alpacca, and all threads or yarns made from animal substances or
fibres, also to flax, jute, and all other vegetable fibres.
Our detector or trap, as before mentioned, consists of a little instrument
which is fixed to the board of the frame, and in close proximity to the course
the yarn takes in passing to the flyer, but under ordinary circumstances is in
such position as not to touch it. This instrument consists of a small hooked-
like knife or cutting edge mounted in a suitable stem, whereby to fix it to the
top board. The spinning of the roving or yarn proceeds in the ordinary way
so long as no irregularity results, but so soon as any extraneous matter or lump
on the yarn arrives at the top of the spindle, or the roving or yarn itself begins
to curl and convolve, and form a knot or lump, it flies out a little from its
regular course, and at once catches hold of the little knife-like instrument,
which immediately cuts or breaks it, and prevents the waste of yarn that would
otherwise accrue.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figs. 1, 2, and 3, represent detached views of the instrument; Fig. 4 repre-
sents the instrument A attached to the top board B, with the spindle or roving
in position as in spinning yarns or rovings, in which it will be seen the roving
does not touch the cutting or breaking instrument; A, Fig. 5, represents a
spindle with an accumulation of the yarn or roving on the top, which of course
could not occur if the instrument A were applied thereto; while Fig. 6 repre-
sents the arrival of a knot or lump of extraneous matter on the roving or yarn,
. or it may be the formation of a slight accumulation of the roving or yarn from
the causes before mentioned on the top of the spindle; when such results the
roving or yarn is immediately caught by the instrument A, and cut or severed;
the material so cut is taken up by the roller, and is reworkable.
C,
Fig. 7 shows an under side plan of the top board showing the instruments
A, A, attached thereto; while Fig. 8 represents the instrument A applied to a
plate C under & independent of the top or doffing board B. The instru-
ment A, shown separately at Figs. 1, 2, and 3, consists simply of a stem a, b,
in the side of which at C is fixed a small blade d, the inner side of which
is the cutting edge, so that when yarn or roving hooks on it from any of the
.causes before mentioned it is immediately cut or severed, and a further waste
of the yarn or roving prevented. The instrument A may be otherwise formed,
.or it may act by breaking the roving or yarn alone, and without any cutting
.edge.
Having described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of performing
the same, we declare that what we claim, as our Invention, to be protected by
the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,—
The application of the instrument A to spinning apparatus, as an for the
purposes herein-before described.
We also claim the application of any mere mechanical equivalent for the
instrument A for like purposes.
In witness whereof, we, the said James Thomas and William Fielding
Marshall, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-third
day of February, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-four.