Improved Construction or Arrangement of Oven for Baking Bread, Biscuits, and the like.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 9th Oct., 1889-Accepted, 9th Nov., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Construction or Arrangement of Oven for Baking Bread,
Biscuits, and the like.
We DAVID REES, of 37 Firth Street, Leeds, Baker, WILLIAM MILLS, of 27 Rushforth
Street, Leeds, Bricklayer and JOHN HORSLEY TURNER, of 5 Vincent Place, Hunslet
Road, Leeds, Tin Plate Worker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
The object of this invention, is to construct a baker's oven with an outside fireplace,
so that the heat and products of combustion can have full play and distribution under
the oven flooring, thence up to a space above the baking chamber before passing to an
outlet or chimney.
The passage leading from the fire chamber or stove is provided with a grating
which tends to break up the heat into streams and prevents the entrance of solid
particles of fuel or coarse dust. The space then opens right and left and has a series
of bricks at intervals, which partly take up the heat and allow another part to pass
between into a chamber formed by an arch which supports the floor, the portion
between the crown and the lower edges being formed by bricks and air chambers.
At the back of the heat chamber is another series of bricks with intervening spaces,
so that the heat, after passing them, returns along another passage before entering the
crown flue, or top chamber.
The flues and passages are so arranged that they can be readily cleansed without
interfering with the structure.
H. GARDNER,
166, Fleet Street, London, Agent for the said David Rees,
William Mills, and John Horsley Turner.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Construction or Arrangement of Oven for Baking Bread,
Biscuits, and the like.
We, DAVID REES, of 37 Firth Street, Leeds, Baker, WILLIAM MILLS, of 27
Rushforth Street, Leeds, Bricklayer, and JOHN HORSLEY TURNER, of 5 Vincent Place,
Hunslet Road, Leeds, Tin Plate Worker, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to construct a Baker's oven with an outside fireplace,
so that the heat and products of combustion can have full play and distribution
under the oven flooring, thence up to a space above the baking chamber before passing
to an outlet or chimney; the heat from the outside fireplace or furnace, also the
excess of heat from the oven being utilized for warming rooms, closets and other
places contiguous thereto.
Our invention is illustrated in the annexed drawings, in which Figure 1 is an
elevation of the oven from the furnace or stove end, Figure 2 being an elevation
from the opposite or baking end. Figure 3 is a section on line a, b, of Figure 4
which is a section on line c, d, of Figure 3 showing the stove or furnace, and Figure 5
is a section on line e, f, of Figure 4.
A is the fire chamber or stove from which the heat and products of combustion
pass through a grating and under a fire bridge B then along a passage C under the
floor of the oven or baking chamber D which is thereby heated from beneath. This
passage is provided at each end with a grating E (Figure 4) of brickwork which

page_text: tends to increase the draught and to break up the heat and products of combustion
into streams which then pass right and left up the flues F, F, to the crown flue or
gas expansion chamber G, Figures 4 and 5, where the heat still remaining in the
products of combustion is highly developed and utilized over the crown of the
baking chamber D before escaping from the chimney H to the atmosphere.
The spaces I, I, formed at each side of the arched passage C also at the sides of
the oven or baking chamber D and of the crown flue or chamber G are preferably
left hollow to serve as hot air chambers or jackets between the outer brickwork of the
apparatus and the inner chambers.
Jis a pipe leading from the baking chamber D to the outside by which the heat
of the oven may be regulated or the oven ventilated, this pipe provided with a
cock also serving to convey hot air to various parts of the building for warming
purposes.
The fire chamber or stove A which we employ for heating the apparatus resembles an
ordinary cooking range but the fire bars are placed at the lowest part, and at one side
of the stove, a boiler K is fitted from which hot water pipes L, L, are carried to any
place or room where it may be required, and on the other side of the stove a steam
boiler M is arranged from which pipes N, N, may be led for steam cooking or warming
purposes.
P, Q, are the doors for the baking chamber and for the crown flue respectively,
the latter giving access for cleansing purposes which may be readily effected without
interfering with the structure, which also may be observed in the case of the passage C
beneath the oven floor, and the flues F, F.
Figure 6 represents our invention arranged with two baking chambers or
ovens D, D, the construction being in all respects similar to the single oven
apparatus hereinbefore described, with the addition of a second oven D' above the
crown flue G, and a second set of right and left flues F¹, F¹ which lead the heat and
products of combustion up into another flue or gas expansion chamber G¹ over the
crown of the second oven, from which the spent vapour finally escapes by the
chimney H.
The top plate of the stove or range A may be provided with holes and serve as a
hot plate for ordinary cooking purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is:-
1. The improved construction or arrangement of oven for baking bread,
biscuits, and the like, as described and substantially as shown in the annexed
drawings.
2. Arranging a stove or furnace outside the Bread baking oven, whereby ordinary
cooking and warming of rooms can be carried on at the same time as the baking of
bread, biscuits, and the like inside the oven as described and substantially as shown
on the annexed drawings.
3. Utilizing the excess of heat direct from the Bakers oven constructed as set forth
by means of a pipe having a regulating cock and carried from the interior of the
oven to any desired place for warming purposes as set forth.
The Sib day of
H. GARDNER,
166, Fleet Street, London, Agent for the said David Rees,
William Mills, and John Horsley Turner.