Improvements in Gun' Barrels.
Year: 1895

page_text: This Print is in accordance with the Original Specification -as it stands - after
Amendment (under Section 11 of the Patents, &c., Act, 1883), as required
by the decision of.the. Law Officer of the 9th day of December 1896.
Date of Application, 3rd July, 1895
"Complete Specification Left, 2nd Apr., 1896 Accepted, 2nd May, 1396
Improvements in Gun' Barrels.
I CHARLES DAY DURNFORD of Elmhurst Shooter's Hill in the County of
Kent Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows
The object of my invention is to form or fit in gun barrels such devices as when
shot is used therwith and therein will have a similar: or somewhat similar effect to
that produced by the ordinary choke bore but in an improved manner while at the
same time these devices will not prevent the use of ball in the same barrels but will
rather improve such use.
To carry out this object I create in the gun barrel and preferably at or near the
muzzle thereof a desired number of V shaped projections which most conveniently
perhaps are formed with such barrel although they may when desirable be fitted
therein and attached thereto. These projections may extend so far along tho
barrel as may be required and they are parallel with each other and with the axis
of such barrel and they may be of the same height at their apices and of the same
breadth at their bases throughout their lengths or as is perhaps preferable.they may
be tapered and may gradually increase as they approach the muzzle of this barrel
both in height and in breadth or only in height or in breadth as may be deemed
advisable in each case or they may when desired decrease in breadth and increase
in height as they approach the muzzle or vice versa. The sides of these V shaped
projections likewise instead of being plane and straight may in cross section be
concave or convex and the bases thereof may be curved outwardly to meet and
amalgamate with the interior surface of the barrel instead of forming in cross
section an obtuse or other angle therewith and the apices thereof may be flattened
or rounded off instead of forming an acute or sharp angle in cross section.
In every case however it is obvious that these projections will to a certain extent
diminish the transverse area of the barrel at or near the muzzle thereof and thus
will have a similar or somewhat similar effect to that produced by an ordinary
choke bore when shot is used therewith and therein but in an improved manner as
these projections will not only concentrate the shot but will plainly assist in
directing the same. At the same time these projections will not prevent the use of
ball but will rather improve such use as they will cut or force themselves into the
ball before it leaves the barrel thus centering the same before its exit even if it be
not an exact fit for and to the barrel and therefore plainly assisting in directing the
same and this action of the projections will be facilitated when such projections are
tapered and the apices thereof are acute and sharp.
Dated this 2nd day of July 1895.

page_text: Improvements in Gun Barrels.
I CHARLES DAY DURNFORD of Elmhurst Shooter's Hill in the County of.
Kent Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
The object of this my invention is to form or fit in gun barrels such devices as
when shot is used therein and therewith will have a similar or a somewhat similar
effect to that produced by the ordinary choke bore but in an improved manner
while at the saine time these devices will not prevent the use of ball in the same
barrels but will rather improve such use.
In order the more clearly to explain this my invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed I refer to the accompanying drawing wherein I have shewn
the muzzle of a gun barrel on an enlarged scale as formed according to my inven-
tion and Figure 1 is a transverse section and Figure 2 is a longitudinal section
taken at a in Figure 1 of the barrel in one style of formation Figure 3 is a
transverse section and Figure 4 is a longitudinal section taken at c d in Figure 3 of
the barrel in another style of formation and Figures 5 and 6 are transverse sections
of the barrel in other styles of formation.
"
In the gun barrel A at or near and preferably extending to the muzzle B thereof
are arranged a desired number of "Landes or small projections which most
conveniently perhaps are formed and created with such barrel A as is shown in the
drawing although they may also when desirable be fitted therein and attached
thereto and which may be of any shape in cross section as for example of a V shape
as shown at C in Figures 1, 2, 5 and 6 with acute or sharp apices or these apices
may be rounded off or flattened as shewn at D in Figures 3 and 4 and these two
shapes I consider are on the whole the most effective and efficient although I do in
no wise limit myself thereto. These "Landes" or projections may extend so far
along the barrel as may be deemed expedient or desirable in each particular case as
a general rule a length of about two calibres is very suitable especially when they
terminate at and with the muzzle as is shewn in Figures 2 and 4 and in every case
they are throughout their lengths parallel with each other and with the axis of the
.barrel. The inner ends of the "Landes " or projections are preferably tapered as
shewn at E in Figures 2 and 4 in such wise that they make an appearance on and
gradually rise out of the interior surface of the barrel in the desired positions and
when they have thus and in this manner attained their full and predetermined size
these "Landes" or projections most conveniently maintain the same dimensions
both in beight and breadth for the remainder of their lengths although when it may
be desired so to do either in height and breadth or in beight or breadth they may
be increased or decreased so much and to such an extent as may be deemed
advisable in each particular case and when formed in this manner also their lines
are still throughout their lengths parallel with each other and with the axis of the
barrel although their surfaces may not be parallel. The sides of the "Landes" or
projections likewise instead of being plane and straight as is shown in the drawing.
may in cross section be curved and be concave or convex as may be desired and the
bases thereof may be curved outwardly to meet and amalgamate with the interior
surface of the barrel instead of forming in cross section an obtuse or other angle
therewith as is shewn in the drawing. Any number of these "Landes or projec-
tions may be so arranged in each barrel-in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 five are shewn-
in Figure 5 nine are shewn-and in Figure 6 sixteen are shewn and in the same
manner any other suitable number may be used and arranged as may be deemed
convenient or desirable or it may be necessary in each particular case.
•
.
وو

page_text: "
In every case it is indeed very plainly evident that whatever may be the number
of the "Landes or projections in any particular barrel and whatever may be the
shapes and sizes of the same they will and must to a certain extent diminish the
transverse area of the barrel at or near the muzzle thereof and therefore as is
indeed obvious these "Landes" or projections easily and readily can in transverse
section be so formed of such shapes and sizes and can be so arranged in such
numbers that the diminution thereby caused and created in the transverse area of
the barrel shall be as great as the greatest that is at the present time caused and
created in any case by the ordinary "choke" or so much more or less than the same.
as may be deemed desirable or expedient or it may be necessary in each particular
case.
Therefore when shot is used in this barrel so formed or fitted as is hereinbefore
described these "Landes" or projections will have a similar or a somewhat similar
effect to that produced by the ordinary choke bore in the concentration of the shot
but in an improved manner as they will not only concentrate the shot but will and
clearly must assist in directing the same. Again these "Landes" or projections-
will not prevent the use of ball in the same barrel whether such ball is spherical or
cylindrical or otherwise but will rather improve such use as they will cut or force-
themselves into the surface of the ball as it passes along the barrel and before it
leaves the muzzle thereof and thus they will centre this ball in the barrel before
its exit therefrom especially if as may frequently be the case it be not a true and
exact fit for and to such barrel and therefore they will and clearly must assist in
directing the same. At the same time the check that will be inflicted on the shot.
or ball by these "Landes" or projections and especially when their inner ends are
tapered and gradually decrease into or rather increase out of nothingness will be.
exceedingly slight far too slight to entail any evil consequences or effect.
When this my invention is applied to double-barrelled guns it may very generally
be convenient even as it now very commonly is in the ordinary double-barrelled guns
not to provide the same amount of "choke for and in each barrel or that is to say
in and with and for this my invention to vary the numbers and sizes and shapes or
any or either of such numbers and sizes and shapes of the "Landes or projections.
of and in the one barrel in respect of the "Landes or projections of and in the
other barrel. This method and style of formation or arrangement can as is indeed
obvious be properly carried out in any suitable and convenient manner.
"
"
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that I am aware that
spiral grooves have previously been used in the muzzles of choke bore guns such as
are described in the specification of the Letters Patent granted unto Henry Harris.
Lake dated the 20th day of June A.D. 1885 and numbered 7568 and I make no claim
thereto but that what I claim is :
or small
1. In a gun barrel at or near the muzzle thereof a number of "Landes
projections parallel with each other and with the axis of the barrel substantially as
and for the purposes herein before described and declared.
2. The improvements in gun barrels substantially as hereinbefore described and.
shewn in the accompanying drawing.
DL: O
1
11000