Applicable to Cooking Food by Steam.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 28th. Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 15th Apr., 1889
Complete Specification Accented, 1st June, 1889
thereto, Applicable to Cooking Food by Steam.
I, CHARLES JOYCE, "Builder" of Avenue Terrace, Gorse Hill, Swindon, in the
County of Wilts, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:-
My invention relates to the construction of one or more ovens placed horizontally
one above another, for the purpose of baking bread or any like substance, by means
of a furnace situated at or beneath the said ovens ; the apparatus being so constructed
that the heat from the combustion of the coal or wood in the furnace, is so displayed
by the construction of the openings and flues, to force the heat around either or the
whole of the said ovens.
I construct my invention by building the same in fire-brick, tiles, iron, or of any
other non-resisting fire-proof material, set together with fire-clay, mortar, cement, or
any other composition, on firm and solid concrete foundations; with a ash pit sunk in,
or below the surface of the ground line. Above this said ash pit I erect the
furnace, with furnace bars, door, and other additional appliances necessary for that
purpose.
Above the said furnace I fix an elongated iron boiler or steam generator of such a
shape as to form a part of the crown of the arch of the furnace. The heat is
displayed, and ascends through openings constructed in the apparatus around the
ovens in every direction.
Openings, divisions, flues, shafts, and dampers thereto are placed in the different
positions required for the working of the said apparatus.
One only of the ovens may be in work if required; this operation being carried
out by the closing, or opening of one or more dampers.
To the aforesaid boiler, I attach a series of pipes, and fittings thereto, for the
purpose of working one or more of the closed ovens into a steam cooking chamber,
by the force of steam, generated from the boiler into the chamber or oven, thereby:
boiling or steaming the food; the exhaust steam flowing out by tubes or openings
constructed for that purpose.

page_text: The boiler is fitted with steam and water gauges, and all necessary fittings or
appliances for the due performance of cooking food by steam.
The cold water supply is regulated by valves, or stop cocks.
Dated this 28th day of February 1889
J. P. BAYLY,
18, Fulham Place, W.,
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ovens for Baking Bread, and Apparatus Connected
thereto, Applicable to Cooking Food by Steam.
I, CHARLES JOYCE, "Builder," of Avenue Terrace, Gorse Hill, Swindon, in the
County of Wilts, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
My invention relates to the construction of one or more ovens placed horizontally
one above another for the purpose of baking bread or any like substance, by means of
a furnace situated at or beneath the ovens; the apparatus being so constructed that
the heat from the combustion of coal, wood or any other fuel, in the furnace is so
displayed by the construction of the openings and flues, to force the heat around either
or all of the said ovens.
I construct my invention by building the same in firebrick, tiles, iron, or of any
other non-resisting fire proof material, set together with fire clay, mortar, cement, or
any other composition, on a firm and solid concrete foundations; with a ash pit sunk
in or below the surface of the ground line. Above this said ash pit I erect the furnace,
with furnace bars, door, and other additional appliances necessary for that purpose.
Above the said furnace I fix an elongated iron boiler, or steam generator, of such a
shape, so as to form a part of the crown of the arch of the furnace.
The heat travels through openings beneath or at the sides of the boiler, and
between the oven and the brick work, and ascends through openings constructed
in the apparatus, and around the ovens in every direction.
Openings, divisions, flues, shafts and dampers thereto are placed in the different
positions required for the working or regulating of the said apparatus.
One only of the ovens may be in work if required; this operation being carried out
by the closing or opening of one or more dampers.
To the aforesaid boiler I attach a series of pipes, and fittings thereto for the

page_text: :
purpose of working one or more of the closed ovens into a steam cooking chamber,
by the force of steam generated from the boiler, passing into the chamber or oven
thereby boiling or steaming the food; the exhaust steam flowing out by tubes or
openings constructed for that purpose.
The boiler is fitted with steam and water gauges, and all necessary fittings or
appliances for the due performance of cooking food by steam.
The cold water supply is regulated by valves or stop cocks.
And in order that my Invention may be thoroughly understood, I now proceed to
describe the accompanying drawings thereof, reference being had to letters and figures
marked thereon.
Figure 1, represents a transverse section on line C, C, of figures 2 and 7. The
structure is erected in brick work on the concrete foundations, below the level or
ground line X. The ash-pit G is formed beneath the fire bars of the furnace F¹;
above this said furnace I place the elongated boiler E, of such a shape so as to allow
the heat to travel through the openings between the boiler and the crown of the
furnace arch.
A soot box is formed in the boiler marked D¹ for cleansing purposes.
Arrows indicate the mode of transit of the heat beneath and around the ovens.
H' is the divisions between the brickwork and the ovens, and is intended for the
purpose of clearing the soot away that will accumulate therein, and for the heat to
surround the ovens.
The ovens B' and 'B' are placed above the boiler and seated on a portion of the
brickwork; these ovens are constructed in plate iron b, with a division placed between
each oven d, and the flue e. The ovens are lined at the bottom, ends, and sides with
The dampers V¹ regulate the opening c, to permit the heat to travel into the
division d when both ovens are required for use. The dampers V regulate the heat
to travel above the top oven B¹ and ascend the flue e; the heat being then almost
expended.
tiles a.
Figure 2, denotes a plan on line
a
a, of figure 1.
Figure 3, is a plan on line f, f, of figure 1, the arrows indicate the direction the
heat ascends from the furnace.
Figure 4, represents a plan on line e, e, of figure 1, exposing to view the top
of the top oven b, or iron case, and describing the position of the dampers V with the
openings beneath.
Figure 5, denotes an elevation of the front of the apparatus, with the oven doors B,
hinged to the iron front or frame A embedded in the brickwork, and the soot door
between the ovens C.
The front of the boiler is provided with a door D for cleaning out the soot
compartment D¹.
To the boiler I connect a supply pipe I regulated by a valve U, to supply the
boiler with cold water, and connected with a pipe K with a bib cock L.
The pipe J is intended for blow off purposes and to supply the top oven with steam
by the valve S; the valve T being used for discharge of steam.
I fix to the boiler a steam gauge O, and a water gauge P, and a hot water pipe Q
with cock R for the supply of hot water.
When the top oven is required for steam cooking purposes, the valve S is opened
and thereby permits the steam to flow in the oven B', and cook the food that may be
placed therein; the exhaust passing out through the opening indicated by arrows
in figure 7, and through the valve N which is open, and away by the pipe M.
Soot doors H are provided for the purpose of cleansing the interior of the apparatus
of soot.
The door of the furnace is marked F, and the smoke from the furnace is carried
away by the flues e, of the chimney W, when the dampers are open.
Figure 6. denotes a longitudinal section on line g, g, of figure 1 showing the side of
the ovens which is constructed of plate iron b, with the damper V' to regulate the
heat when required to travel between the ovens; and the openings beneath the
dampers V.

page_text: The arrows indicate the escape of the heat from the furnace through the flue e, for
the purpose of heating the ovens.
Figure 7, represents a longitudinal section of the whole of the apparatus on
line d, d, of figure 1.
The arrows in the division d denote the way the heat travels through the opening c,
into the division and ascend by the flue e, when the damper V₁ is drawn open.
The arrows in the top oven B¹ indicate the mouth of the exhaust pipe.
If preferable my invention may be constructed entirely of iron or of any other
metallic substance.
Having now particularly described the nature of my said Invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :
First. The combination of one or more ovens placed horizontally one above
another for the purpose of baking bread or any like substance, substantially as herein
described and according to the accompanying drawings.
Secondly. The combination of one or more of the ovens to be turned into a steam
cooking chamber, for cooking any description of food, substantially as herein described
and according to the accompanying drawings.
Thirdly. The combination of the boiler or steam generator fixed above the furnace,
to supply the steam to the cooking chamber when the valves are opened, substantially
as herein described and according to the accompanying drawings.
Fourthly. The combination of the ovens constructed of plate iron, bars or the
like, and lined inside with tiles, and the dampers to regulate the heat to surround
the said ovens, substantially as herein described and according to the accompanying
drawings.
Fifthly. I claim to construct my apparatus of any size, with any number of ovens
or boilers, and to erect the same in any non-resisting fire proof material or combina
tion of materials, for the purpose of baking or cooking, substantially as herein
described and according to the accompanying drawings.
Dated thin 15th
*11000
J. P. BAYLY,
18, Fulham Place, Paddington,
Agent for the Applicant.