CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS UPON THE STOVE GRATES TO PREVENT SMOKY ROOMS, AND FOR OBTAINING AN INCREASED HEAT FROM THE SAME QUANTITY OF FUEL
Year: 1813

page_text: IDEE TRE
SHALL COME, 1, ISAAC
WILLSON, of the City of Bath, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, did, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-ninth day of November
in the fifty-third year of His reign, give and grant unto me, the said' Isaac
Wilson, my exors, adors, and assigns, His especial licence, full power, and
sole priviledge and authority, that I, the said Isaac Wilson, my exors, adññors,
and assigns, should and lawfully might, during the term of years therein men-
tioned, make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick upon Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS UPON THE STOVE
GRATES TO PREVENT SMOKY ROOMS, AND FOR OBTAINING AN INCREASED HEAT FROM THE
SAME QUANTITY OF FUEL;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that
if I, the said Isaac Wilson, shall not particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of
my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be enrolled
in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, that then the said Letters
Patent and all liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby granted, shall
utterly cease, determine, and become void, as in and by the same (relation
being thereunto had) may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with said proviso, I, that said Isaac
Willson, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed and to operate, are particularly described

page_text: and ascertained in and by the Drawing hereunto annexed, and in and by the
following references and descriptions, that is to say:-
That whereas two considerable defects commonly attach to the stove grates
now in use for the warming of rooms, and more especially of such as have what is
called "an open fire-place," inasmuch as they do not emit heat proportionate
to the quantity of fuel consumed in them, and inasmuch as they frequently fail
to rarify the vapor called smoke so sufficiently as to insure a constant and unin-
terrupted passage thereof up and out of the chimney designed to carry off, by
reason of which defects less heat is afforded and the evil commonly called "a
smoky chimney" is occasioned. Now the nature of my Invention is to construct
a stove having an open fire-place, by which, with the apparatus herein-after
described, the evils above mentioned shall be in most cases removed, and in all
considerably lessened. I construct a stove grate in the ordinary form, and I
employ the materials usually employed for this purpose, but I connect to my
stove grate a tube of cast or wrought metal in such a way as to occasion the
smoke and heat issuing from the fire to pass into the said tube, and therein
descend on one of the sides of the stove grate to the neighbourhood of the, said
fire again; the tube still continuing is so constructed and directed as to carry
the said smoke and heat either behind the back plate against which the fire
burns, or below the bottom grate of the fire, or even through the fire itself, to
the opposite side of the grate, which is still a continuation of the tube through
which the said smoke and heat ascend into the flue of the chimney, and the
mouth of this end of the tube being connected and air-tight to the chimney, the
smoke and heat finally go off into the air. Neither the proportion nor the form
here shewn are necessary to the carrying of my Invention into effect, as they may
be varied according to circumstances without differing from the principal essen-
tial thereto, which is, that the tube be placed so as to form a communication and
clear passage between the room and the chimney in the manner I have described,
that it be of sufficient capacity, and constructed so as to admit of a free passage
of the smoke, that the ends of this tube be so disposed as to give access and
egress thereto in the manner stated, and, finally, that such tube do form the
only chanel to convey the smoke into the chimney. The form of the tube
inay either be either be curvilenear or angular, and its capacity and length may
be varied to suit the difference of situations where it may be applied, taking
one caution to adopt the dimensions of the different parts to each other.
Reference to the Drawings accompanying this Specification:-Figure 1 is a
vertical section made parallel with the exterior front of the stove grate. The
arrows shew the course of the smoke and heated air beginning to rise at N° 1.
The arrow N° 2 is prevented from going up the chimney in the ordinary way

page_text: by the air-tight moveable cover A, A, and instead thereof is sent down the
tube B, C, D, E, F, G, its point just entering the said tube; the arrows con-
tinue to shew the direction of the smoke and heated air to where the same escape
at No 5 into the flue of the chimney. But as the arrows N° 3 and 4 shew to have
gone further down the tube than they ought to have done from a view of this
section; in order to explain this, Figure 2 is also a vertical section of that side
of the tube B, C, but made at right angles to the section, Figure 1. The arrow
No 2 in this Figure is supposed to be the same as N° 2 in Figure 1. The diagonal
line a, a, is a partition running nearly to the bottom of the tube, leaving space
enough for the passage of the smoke and heated air, and as the heated air and
smoke must necessarily pass to the bottom of this partition before they can get
to the horizontal part of the tube shewn by the dotted lines b, 6, 6, 6, and in the
direction of the arrow No 3, the passage of the said smoke and heated air is
by this partition considerably lengthened, and is also made by this means to come
more in contact with the hottest parts of the fire-place, for as there is a similar
partition in the opposite side of the tube, the smoke and heated air must touch
both sides of the fire grate as well as the back, which back (in the stove grate
here described) forms one side of the horizontal tube. Figure 3 is an horizontal
section of the stove grate in the line C, D, and through the horizontal tube.
The letters b, b, are the diagonal partitions shewn in Figure 2. Figure 4 shews
the general appearance of my stove grate when fitted up and in its place, but
part of the wall is supposed to be taken away in order to shew its connection
with E, F, which is the chimney. The parts of the arrows that are seen cor-
respond with those of similar numbers in Fig. 1. The letters A, A, also
correspond with the same letters in Fig. 1, and signify the moveable cover
above referred to which prevents the smoke and air from taking the ordinary
course up the chimney, and must be large enough to admit a person to pass
through for the purpose of sweeping or repairing the chimney. The top part
of the stove grate is made air-tight (with good mortar or other proper materials)
where it connects with the chimney E, F. Added to the advantages already
apparent from the foregoing Specification, this grate admits of the most effectual
ash draught, which can be regulated at pleasure.
In witness whereof, I, the said Isaac Wilson, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fourteen.
ISAAC WILLSON. (L.S.)

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-fourth day of May, in
the year of our Lord 1814, the aforesaid Isaac Willson came before our said
Lord the King in his Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and everything therein contained and specified, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according to the tenor of the
Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twenty-sixth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fourteen.