IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF PRODUCING DESIGNS OR PATTERNS ON SURFACES BY THE AID Of STENCIL PLATES
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Lee, of 99, High Holborn, in the County
of Middlesex, Lithographer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MODE OF PRODUCING DESIGNS OR PATTERNS ON SURFACES BY THE AID Of
STENCIL PLATES,”
Sealed the 26th January 1875, and dated the 27th July 1874. -
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PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Lee at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
27th July 1874.
I, EDWARD LEE, of 99, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex,
Lithographer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS, IN THE MODE OF PRODUCING DESIGNS OR PATTERNS ON SURFACES
BY THE AID OF STENCIL PLATES," to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object the production of designs or patterns
on surfaces in an expeditious and economical manner, by the agency of
acid or a sand blast or other means of acting on the required portions of
the surface. For this purpose my Invention consists in the application
to the surface intended to be ornamented of successive layers of gelatine,

page_text: or gelatine mixed with glycerine and paper, or wax, linseed oil, pulp,
varnish, or other material or composition that is capable of being
removed by friction, or solvents in the parts forming the spaces in the
stencil plates, but of resisting the action of acid or the sand blast on the
remainder of the surface after the stencil plato has been removed.
The process consists in first coating the surface with say gelatine and
paper, then applying the stencil plate and brushing out or removing by
solvents the parts not covered by the plate, then removing the plate, and
acting upon the exposed or unprotected parts of the surface by means of
acid or the sand blast. The brushing out process may be effected either
by hand or by steam power.
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In applying the stencil plato to the surface water is or may be used,
in order to cause it to hold tightly to the surface of paper over which it
is placed. The gelatine, paper, varnish, and other materials or com-
position may be used in any required order or number of successivo ]
layers, according to the depth and character of action intended to be
produced on tho surface to be ornamented.
In some cases paper only may be employed, and in such cases I prefer
to use what is known as transfer paper, damping it as required to admit
of portions of the pattern being brushed out. I also use dextrine or a
gum and remove the paper leaving the layers of dextrine or gum, or
similar material to resist the action of the sand blast on those parts of
the surface covered and protected thereby.
In applying the process to ornamenting porcelain tiles and other
ceramic ware, the surfaco is coated with enamel or firing colour, then 2
with a coating of burnt clay or material that will resist fixing to the
surface by heat. Over the burnt clay a sheet of paper is applied, and
the pattern brushed out by the aid of the stencil plate. After the plate
is removed suitable colours are applied where requisite, and the tile is
then placed in the muffle and fired.
When tiles are made by the pressed dry clay process, before firing a
portion of the clay surface is brushed out leaving the ground in a raised
pattern.