An Improved Method of and Means for Attaching and Detaching the Outer Covers of Pneumatic Tyres.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Nov., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 10th Dec., 1896-Accepted, 17th Apr., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method of and Means for Attaching and Detaching
the Outer Covers of Pneumatic Tyres.
JOHN THOMSON STEPHEN Journalist of 24 Lower Hastings Street Leicester,
in the County of Leicester, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
According to my invention I form an arch-shaped canvas cover with a protecting
sheet of rubber placed over it, or of rubber with a canvas insertion, in combination
with an inextensible wire or core of smaller diameter than the edge of the grooved
rim for the reception of the tyre. This wire or core is fixed in or on one edge of
the cover, and is secured thereto by having the canvas, or rubber and canvas.
wrapped round it so as to hold it firmly, and this forms the attachment and
detachment.for one edge of the cover.
The other edge of the cover is made wedge shaped, or with a suitable thickened'
edge, and is formed preferably of hard rubber, leather, cord or of other suitable
material round which may be moulded wrapped or otherwise suitably attached the
canvas, or rubber and canvas of which the tyre cover is formed. The wedge
shaped or thickened edge fits into a groove in the inside of the rim; or I may
insert or fix in any rim at present used for pneumatic tyres, a piece of sheet steel
or other suitable material in which is formed a groove, and so place or fix it that
the groove will be at the side of the rim in a suitable position for engaging with
the thickened, or wedge shaped edge of the tyre cover inside the rim.
Under the tyre cover I place a protecting tape, and an inflatable pneumatic tube.
which is inflated in the usual way.
The edge of the cover, with the inextensible core or wire, of smaller diameter
than the edge of the rim is sprung over the edge of the rim, and the other edge of.
the outer cover, having a thickened or wedge shaped edge is then pushed inside the
rim in its proper position so as to engage with the groove in the side of the rim.
The air tube is then inflated and the air pressure thus exerted forces the thickened
or wedge shaped edge into the groove in one side of the rim, there firmly holding
it. The air pressure at the same time also forces the cover edge containing the
wire core against the other side of the rim into position between the base of the
rim and the edge of the rim, thus securely attaching it thereto.
When the inflatable inner tube is deflated the cover may be easily detached and
attached on either side.
My invention consists as above described of an arch shaped cover, combined with
an inextensible wire or core on one edge, and on the other a thickened or wedge
shaped edge secured in position by air pressure as described.
Dated this Second day of November 1896.
JOHN THOMSON STEPHEN.

page_text: An Improved Method of and Means for Attaching and Detaching
the Outer Covers of Pneumatic Tyres.
I, JOHN THOMSON STEPHEN of 24 Lower Hastings Street Leicester in the
County of Leicester Journalist do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
àscertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to an improved method of and means for attaching and
detaching the outer covers of pneumatic tyres.
That my invention may be clearly understood a sheet of drawings accompanies
this specification in which
Figure 1 represents an outer cover constructed in accordance with this
invention.
Figure 2 another form of same.
Figure 3 shows the outer cover in position upon a shallow rim with an inner
inflatable tube enclosed and
Figure 4 shows the cover attached to a rim of a different shape with a deeper
groove.
Figure 5 shows another modification of same and
Figure 6 shows the cover adapting itself to a strip or band of steel within
the rim.
According to my invention I form an arch shaped canvas cover A with a
protecting sheet of rubber B or may be rubber with canvas insertion in combination
with the inextensible wire or core C of smaller diameter than the edge of the grooved
rim for the reception of the tyre. This wire or core C is fixed in or on one edge
of the cover A as at a and is secured thereto by having the canvas or rubber anl
canvas wrapped round it so as to hold it firmly and this forms the attachment and
detachment for this edge of the cover. The other edge of the cover b, is made
more or less wedge shape, or with a suitable thickened edge and is formed preferably
of hard rubber, leather, cord, or other suitable material round which may be
moulded, wrapped or otherwise suitably attached the canvas A or rubber and
canvas of which the tyre cover is formed. The wedge shape or thickened edge b
fits into a groove in the inside of the rim.
Or I may insert or fix in any rim at present used for pneumatic tyres a piece or
band of sheet steel or other suitable material D in which is formed a groove or
grooves and so place or fix the band of sheet steel that the groove will be at the
side of the rim "see Figure 6" in a suitable position for engaging with the thickened
or wedge shaped edge of the tyre cover, under the tyre cover and over the heads
of the spokes place a protective tape (not shown) and an inflatable pneumatic
tube E which is inflated in the usual way.
Where I employ my cover to a rim with two corresponding grooves as in Figure 5
on each side, one of these grooves may be filled up with any light and suitable
material such as canvas or cord b' aud cemented therein if necessary to prevent the
wired edge of the cover being injured thereby. Or the same result may be secured
by strengthening the wired edge of the cover by a narrow strip of canvas attached
thereto which would keep the said wired edge outside the groove. Or I may
eliminate the groove by turning the edge of the rim in upon itself "sec i
Figures 3 and 5."
The edge of the cover with the inextensible core or wire of smaller diameter
than the edge of the rim is sprung over the edge of the rim, and the thickened or
wedge shaped edge is then pushed inside the rim into its proper position so as to

page_text: engage in the groove in the side of the rim, the air tube which has previously been
placed within the cover is then inflated and the air pressure thus exerted forces the
thickened or wedge shaped edge into its place and firmly holds it.
The air pressure at the same time also forces the cover edge containing the wire
or core against the other side of the rim into position between the base and edge
of the rim thus making the same secure.
When the inflatable inner tube is deflated the cover may be easily detached, and
attached on either side, as the case may be; thus facilitating the removal and
repair of the inner tube.
Where the hollowed part or groove of the rim is too shallow to admit of the
wired edge of the cover being sprung over the edge of the rim instead of employing
a brazed endless wire or core I may connect the ends by the well known device of
a nut with right and left hand screw thread to bring the ends together or separate
them or other such device which, would reduce the diameter of the circle of the
wire; thus the wired edge would be drawn tightly towards or to the base of
the rim.
This invention consists as above described of an arched shaped cover A in
combination with an inextensible wire or core C on one edge and on the other a.
thickened or wedge shape edge b secured in position by air pressure.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention-
and in what manner the same is to be performed I would have it known.
that I do not claim broadly the use of fastening wires, or thickened or wedge
shaped edges but what I do claim is :-
1. In an outer cover of a pneumatic tyre the combination of a wired or cored
edge on one side with a thickened or wedge shaped edge on the other side to.
facilitate attaching and detaching, substantially as described.
2. An outer arched shaped cover of a pneumatic tyre formed of canvas, rubber-
and canvas in combination with a thickened or wedge shaped edge, and a wire or
core on the other edge held in position by air pressure substantially as herein
described with reference to Figures 1 to 5 of the accompanying drawings.
3. The herein described method or means of securing the wire or core edge, and
the combined thickened or wedge shaped edge of a pneumatic tyre by the employ-
ment of a piece, strip or band of sheet steel, fitted within the rim of the wheels.
with reference to Figure 6 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 9th day of December 1896.
W. BESTWICK MAXFIELD,
19 Bowling Green Street, Leicester, Applicant's Agent.