A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR SIZING AND POLISHING TIIREAD
Year: 1884

page_text: I, HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the firm of Herbert and Company, Patent Agents,
of 67 Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of said invention for A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS
FOR SIZING AND POLISHING TIIREAD, to be as follows:-
This invention is more particularly intended for the treatment of packing
thread. Hitherto the polishing of packing thread has been effected with the
application of heat, by means of an apparatus, composed of a sizing apparatus, a
rotating brush and a heating cylinder.
This invention relates to an entirely different method and to apparatus based on
new principles, and it is carried out as follows:
The thread is led alternately through size or paste and around felt-covered
friction rollers and guide rollers revolving in the direction in which the thread
travels, and finally after having been sufficiently impregnated with size, the thread
is caused to travel over friction rollers revolving opposite to the motion of
the thread.
The apparatus for carrying out this process consists chiefly of a series of size
troughs each of which contains a small guide or sizing roller, a series of friction
rollers covered with felt or other suitable material, one friction roller being placed
before and one after each size trough, a series of guide rollers placed at a lower
level than the trough and friction rollers and likewise covered with felt or similar
material, a winding roller upon which the thread is wound at a variable speed
after having passed through the fine apertures of a guide rail, upright spools, upon
which the thread is wound after having left the winding roller and passed through
two perforated guide-rails, the spool being set in motion by a horizontal cylinder
situated underneath the winding roller and driven from the axle of one of the
guide-rollers.

page_text: The last friction roller, which moves opposite to the motion of the thread, is
connected with the winding roller by a train of exchangeable spur-wheels.
The thread coming from a size trough passes over a friction roller to a guide
roller placed underneath the latter, and over a second guide roller upward to the
next friction roller, from these into the next size trough, and so on.
A particular advantage of this method is that packing threads of different
thickness can be sized and polished at the same time, and that the same acquire a
perfect polish without requiring either heating-cylinder, brushes, or hot paste.
Dated this 12th day of January 1884.

page_text: I, HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the firm of Herbert and Company, Patent Agents,
of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of my invention for A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS
FOR SIZING AND POLISHING THREAD, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
Hitherto it has been usual to polish packing thread by means of a machine
comprising a sising apparatus, roller brushes and a heating cylinder.
According to the present invention the thread to be polished, after having been
wound off its bobbin, is guided through a sizing apparatus or paste trough, over
friction rollers and through a smoothing appliance, after which it is guided over
winding rollers and wound upon reels or swifts.
The heating cylinder is omitted and thereby the polishing process considerably
simplified. This process is also applicable to various kinds of threads, such as
jute-threads, which do not take a fine polish by the usual methods.
In further describing this invention, reference will be made to the accompanying
drawing in which Fig 1 is an elevation and Fig 2 a plan of an improved apparatus.
From the bobbins a' mounted on the adjustable table a the thread passes through
a guide b to the size trough c which contains several wooden rollers adapted to
turn on their axes.
The thread is guided around these rollers, after which it passes through the
brushing appliance d situated behind the size trough, for the purpose of wiping off
the excess of size, then to the adjustable friction roller e and over this roller to the
friction rollers e¹ e² e³ c¹ and e³, as indicated in the drawing by arrows.
From the roller e the thread passes over a wooden table f lined with coir fibre,
hemp, jute or similar fibres, and carrying two narrow smoothing boards which are
lined in the same manner and may be pressed on by weights. This appliance
serves to produce a strong sliding friction or smoothing action and thus to accelerate
the polishing of the thread. Subsequently the thread travels over the friction
rollers e e', then over several sınall guide rollers to the friction roller es lined with
glass tubes, and finally passes over the winding rollers g, g¹ to be wound upon the
reels or swift h.
The friction rollers are made of wood and covered with strong drill, felt, leather
bands, or with strong ribbons of hemp fibre, coir or similar fibre.
The friction rollers revolve very rapidly, and the winding rollers slowly, the
speed of the latter being in inverse ratio to the thickness of the thread to be
polished.
According to the nature of the threads, more or less rollers may be employed,
and the means of guiding the thread may be modified.
This method presents the special advantage, that it may serve for simultaneously
polishing threads of different thickness, and of different materials, without the use
of heating cylinders.
The size or paste used in this process, is preferably in a cold state, but hot size
may also be used, if desired.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The method of polishing thread, which consists in causing the same to pass
consecutively through size or paste, and over friction and guide rollers covered
with felt or similar material substantially as described.
2. The combination of sizing apparatus, friction rollers, guide rollers and
smoothing boards, substantially as described and illustrated and for the purpose
specified.