An Improved Multiple Steam Jet Nozzle for Inducing Currents of Air or the like.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Mar., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 20th Dec., 1893-Accepted, 3rd Feb., 1594
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Multiple Steam Jet Nozzle for Inducing Currents of
Air or the like.
•
I, WILLIAM ARTHUR GRANGER of 15 Foulden Road Stoke Newington
London, N., Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to an improved jet nozzle worked by steam (or other fluid
under pressure) for the purpose of inducing or producing currents of air or
the like for forcing the draught of furnaces; and for ventilation and kindred
purposes.
I have found by experiment that small jets are proportionately more effective
than large ones; and therefore so construct my improved nozzle that two or any
greater number of small jets may issue simultaneously from it; and I further
provide means for adjusting the areas of the several outlets or jets in order that the
nozzle may be set to act efficiently with various or varying pressures of the
working fluid.
In constructing the said nozzle I form the front or mouth of cylindrical or other
suitable shape and insert therein a rod or spindle accurately fitting it, yet capable
of longitudinal movement and upon this spindle I cut or form longitudinal grooves
or flutes-one for each required jet of the nozzle-commencing with a shallow depth
near one end and increasing in depth as they extend lengthways, and also in some
cases increasing in breadth. One end of each groove is in communication with the
hollow interior of the nozzle, wherein the working fluid is, while their other ends
are open to the atmosphere. It will be evident that jets will escape through each
of these grooves, their areas being determined by the longitudinal position of the
spindle, that is to say by the area of that portion of the grooves which is for the
time being, open to the atmosphere.
It is obvious that instead of the tapering grooves being made in the spindle they
may be cut in the mouth of the nozzle casing, or that tapering ribs on the spindle
working in corresponding grooves in the nozzle mouth, may be employed to give
the jets of varying areas.
In some cases I prefer to make an additional jet, at or near the centre of
the spindle, the area of which can be varied by a sliding rod having a tapered
groove cut in it.
The longitudinal movement of the spindle may be effected by a screw and hand
wheel or the like, though I sometimes prefer to control its movement by a spring in
such manner that as the pressure of the working fluid varies it shall automatically
shift the spindle longitudinally and thus automatically adjust the area of the jets in
proportion to the pressure of the working fluid.
In a modified arrangement for adjusting the area of a jet I employ two or more
jaws or pieces which approach and recede from each other as they are moved
longitudinally, and between which the jet escapes.
Dated this 27th day of March 1893.

page_text: CUMI LEID OF MUIDICATION.
An Improved Multiple Steam Jet Nozzle for Inducing Currents of
Air or the like.
I, WILLIAM ARTHUR GRANGER of 102 Brooke Road Stoke Newington
London, N. (and late of 15 Foulden Road N.) Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to an improved jet nozzle worked by steam (or other fluid
under pressure) for the purpose of inducing or producing currents of air or the like
for forcing the draught of furnaces; and for ventilation and kindred purposes such
as exhausting gases or fumes.
I have found by experiment that small jets are proportionately more effective
than large ones, and I therefore so construct my improved nozzle that two or any
greater number of small jets may issue from it and I further provide means for
adjusting the areas of the several outlets or jets in order that the nozzle may be set
to act efficiently with various and varying pressures of the working fluid and also
be capable of producing air currents of varying strength and volume.
In a modification of the nozzle I obtain this adjustment by opening or closing
entirely one or more of the jets or by changing the sizes of the jets, and in most
cases I provide a central jet which may be either adjustable or of fixed area.
In constructing the said nozzle I form the front or mouth of cylindrical or other
suitable shape and insert therein a rod or spindle accurately fitting it, yet capable
of longitudinal movement, and upon this spindle I cut or form flutes or grooves
lengthways one for each required jet-commencing with a shallow depth and
small width at one end and increasing in depth and preferably in width also, as they
extend down the spindle. In some cases the width only is increased, in order that
the jet may issue parallel with the axis of the nozzle. One end of each groove is
in communication with the hollow interior of the nozzle wherein the working fluid
is, while their other ends are open to the atmosphere and it is evident that jets will
issue from each groove of an area equal to that portion of the groove which for the
time being is open to the atmosphere. The longitudinal movement of the spindle
may be effected by a screw and hand wheel or by any other suitable means, and I
prefer to provide graduations or a dial and pointer for indicating to what extent
the grooves are open.
It is obvious that instead of the grooves or flutes being in the spindle they may
be cut in the mouth of the nozzle casing, or that tapering ribs or pieces may be
arranged to slide in taper or parallel slots for the purpose of obtaining orifices of
variable area. It is also obvious that tapering flat surfaces may be formed on the
spindle or in the nozzle mouth in place of the specific grooves or flutes, and further
that the longitudinal movement may be given to the nozzle mouth instead of to the
spindle.
In the accompanying drawings of my improved nozzle-
Figs. 1 and 2, show a front elevation; and a side elevation partly in section.
Figs. 3 and 4, a modified form of the nozzle and a different method of moving the
grooved spindle.
Figs. 5 and 6, a front elevation and a longitudinal section of that type of nozzle
in which the adjustment of power is obtained by opening a greater or lesser number
of jets or by changing their sizes.
Figs. 7 and 8, a front elevation and a longitudinal section of an arrangement for
varying the area of a single or central jet and
Figs. 9 and 10, a front elevation and a longitudinal section of the modified form of
nozzle in which the grooved spindle is stationary and the mouth of the nozzle has a
longitudinal movement.

page_text: The same reference letters are used in all these figures to denote similar parts of
the nozzle.
In Figs. 1 and 2 the general construction and working of the nozzle are the same
as that for which Letters Patent were granted me numbered 19,230 and dated the
26th of October 1892, the only differences being in the substitution of the tapering
grooves B B B, from which issue separate solid jets, for the annular orifice used in
the latter nozzle, and in the addition of the arrangement for adjusting the area of
the central jet. It will be understood that the working fluid passes from the
interior A of the nozzle to the three grooves B B B (which are shown as being cut
in the spindle J) as indicated by the arrow D, and that the area of the jets will be
increased the more the spindle J is moved to the left hand and vice versa.
central jet E is fed as shown by the arrow, and it may be either a plain one of
fixed area as at E in Fig. 6 or it may issue from a tube having a tapered exterior
and three or more longitudinal saw cuts F F F which permit of its lateral com-
pression by means of the collar G, (having the hexagonal part H,) being screwed
towards the right hand down the larger part of the tapered exterior.
In this way
The
the tube may be more or less compressed towards its point and thus emit jets of
various sizes.
In Figs. 3 and 4, the grooved spindle J is attached to the crossbar I of the
moveable sleeve K, so that when the latter is rotated on the screwed portion L of
the nozzle body the spindle will be drawn more or less out of the nozzle mouth M,
thus allowing jets of various areas to issue from the grooves B B. In this design
the working fluid enters the nozzle at N.
In Figs. 5 and 6, the four outlets or jets B B, B' B¹ can be entirely closed by a
small partial rotation of the disc O, which causes these outlets to be covered or
stopped by the solid portion of the disc,-and either the two former or the whole
four may respectively be opened by partial rotations of the disc bringing the ports
or holes P P, P: P¹ therein successively in alignment with the outlets B B, B¹ B',
thus permitting the outflow of the working fluid from the body A of the nozzle ;
or smaller holes such as P2 P' Fig. 5 may be made in the disc, which when
brought into alignment with B B or B2 B' will permit the escape of smaller jets
having the size of only P2 P². The spring Q keeps the disc pressed against its
seat, and the button or hand wheel R serves to rotate the spindle S, carrying the
disc O. Stops or a pointer may be provided to indicate which jets are open and I
prefer in some cases also to employ a central jet E.
In Figs. 7 and 8, the tapered pieces T T (which may have flutes such as B B)
which are hinged together at U recede from each other, under the action of the
spring V, as they are moved towards the right hand, thus allowing a larger jet to
issue through B B. They may be moved by means of a screw and hand wheel on
the spindle S or in any other convenient way.
In Figs. 9 and 10, the grooved spindle J is fixed to the cross bar W and
the mouth Y of the nozzle can be travelled longitudinally by its rotation on
the screwed body Z of the nozzle, thus opening a greater or lesser area of the
grooves B B. Graduations and a pointer may be provided for indicating the
extent of the opening.
Though I have described and shown certain numbers of grooves and jets I do not
restrict myself to those numbers.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and, in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is-
(1.) In a nozzle employed for the purposes herein before named, the use of one
or more tapered grooves flats, ribs or pieces having an actual or relative movement
for the purpose of obtaining solid jets of variable area, substantially as described
and shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9 and 10.
(2.) In a nozzle employed for the purposes hereinbefore named, the combination

page_text: of a central jet, whether of adjustable area or otherwise, and one or more solid jets
of variable area substantially as described and shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
(3.) In a nozzle employed for the purposes hereinbefore named, the combination
of two or more jets, one or any greater number of which may be opened or closed
for the purpose of obtaining an adjustment of the inducing power, substantially as
described and shown with reference to Figs. 5 and 6.
(4.) In a nozzle employed for the purposes herein before named the means or
method of changing the area of the jet or jets as described and shown with
reference to the outlets P2, P2 and B, B in Fig. 5.
(5.) In a nozzle employed for the purposes hereinbefore named the means or
method of varying the area of a solid jet as described and shown with reference
to G and F, F, F, in Figs. 1 and 2.
Dated this 20th day of December 1893
W. A. GRANGER.