AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF ELASTIC STUFFING FOR CHAIRS, COUCHES, AND OTHER ARTICLES REQUIRING THE SAME. PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Christian Friedrich Werner and Loudovicus Piglhein,
in firm of C. F. Werner and L. Piglhein, of Hamburg, Manufacturers
of Furniture, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF ELASTIC
STUFFING FOR CHAIRS, COUCHES, AND OTHER ARTICLES REQUIRING THE SAME.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Christian Friedrich Werner
and Loudovicus Piglhein at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 7th July 1855.
We, CHRISTIAN FRIEDRICH WERNER and LOUDOVICUS PIGLHEIN, in firm of
C. F. Werner and L. Piglhein, of Hamburg, Manufacturers of Furniture,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MANU-
FACTURE OF ELASTIC STUFFING FOR CHAIRS, COUCHES, AND OTHER ARTICLES REQUIRING
THE SAME," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of an elastic stuffing from bast
of all kinds, but, by preference, the bast of the linden tree, which is most
readily obtainable. The bast is subjected to the action of a splitting machine,
and it is then washed and afterwards dyed. The bast is next hung upon a
wooden horse to drain, and afterwards thrown into a centrifugal machine, by
the action of which the remaining dye liquor is driven off. The bast, however,
will still retain humidity, and in that state it is introduced into the spinning

page_text: machine to be twisted into a kind of loose rope. It is subsequently kiln-
dried, and the twisted rope is then untwisted or frayed, to bring the fibres
to a loose state, fit for being used as stuffing for seats, cushions, and other
عمل مناسم
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Christian Friedrich Werner and Loudovicus Piglhein in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 7th January 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, CHRISTIAN
FRIEDRICH WERNER and LOUDOVICUS PIGLHEIN, in firm of Christian Friedrich
Werner and L. Piglhein, of Hamburg, Manufacturers of Furniture, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Christian Friedrich Werner and Loudovicus Piglhein, Her special licence that
we, the said Christian Friedrich Werner and Loudovicus Piglhein, our exe-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Christian
Friedrich Werner and Loudovicus Piglhein, our exccutors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF ELASTIC STUFFING FOR CHAIRS, COUCHES, AND
OTHER ARTICLES REQUIRING THE SAME," upon the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said Christian Friedrich Werner and Loudovicus Piglhein, by an
instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and
seal of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and-immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Christian Friedrich Werner and
Loudovicus Piglhein, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement (that is to say) :-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of an elastic stuffing for chairs,
couches, and other articles requiring the same, which stuffing it is proposed

page_text: to use in place of or in combination with horsehair or other stuffing usually
employed.
Our elastic stuffing is made from the material commonly known as "bast,"
of which there are several kinds, all of which may be employed for the manu-
facture of our improved elastic stuffing, but we prefer to employ the bast of
the linden tree, which is most readily obtainable. The bast obtained from the
inner bark of the linden tree found in Russia is the best, owing to its great
firmness. Another tree, found in Spain, and known under the botanical name
"lygeum hispanicum," will answer the purpose. The bast, from whatever
source it may be obtained, must be subjected to the action of a splitting or
combing machine, whereby it may be split, cut up, or divided into long shreds,
after which it should be washed in water with a little soap and common
soda, and when rinsed in clean water it may be dyed of any suitable color.
The dyeing materials we propose to employ are logwood shavings and alum,
and the tincture is made as follows:-For every twenty-five pounds of bast
take eight pounds of logwood shavings and half a pound of alum, put these
materials in water and let them remain for half an hour to soak, then put in
the bast and soak it half an hour, when it will be found to have taken a blue
color. The bast may then be removed from the dye vat and hung upon a
wooden horse to drain, and afterwards placed in a centrifugal drying machine,
by the rotary action of which the remaining dye liquor or superfluous
moisture is driven off. The bast, however, will still retain a certain amount
of humidity, and in that state it may be introduced into the spinning
or twisting machine, where it should be twisted into a kind of loose rope.
While in the form of a loose rope it is subsequently kiln-dried, by which
process the fibres will be set in a curled or twisted form, and the loose rope
may be then untwisted or unravelled, so as to separate the fibres and bring
them into a loose state, fit for being used as stuffing for seats, cushions, and
other articles.
Having now described our Invention of an improved manufacture of elastic
stuffing for chairs, couches, and other articles requiring the same, and the
means of carrying the same into effect, we would observe, in conclusion, that
the machinery employed in splitting or combing the bast, and spinning or
twisting the fibres into a loose rope, not being of our Invention, but similar to
machinery employed for analogous purposes in other manufactures, we have
not considered it necessary to describe the construction of the same, nor of the
centrifugal drying machine; and although we have given the proportions of
the dyeing materials employed for dyeing the fibres, we do not mean to confine
ourselves thereto, nor do we intend to claim as new the dyeing process herein

page_text: described; but that which we do consider to be new in the above-described
improved manufacture, and therefore wish to claim as the Invention secured to
us by Letters Patent as aforesaid, is, the manufacture of an improved elastic
stuffing for chairs, couches, and other similar articles requiring the same, from
bast, or the inner bark of the linden tree, and the application of such material
to the purpose or purposes aforesaid.
In witness whereof, we, the said Christian Friedrick Werner and
Loudovicus Piglhein, have hereunto set our hands and seals, the
Fourth day of January, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-six.
C. F. WERNER & L. PIGLHEIN. (L.S.)