Im- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ROSIN OIL
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Tomlinson Bousfield, of Loughborough
Park, Brixton, in the County of Surrey, for the Invention of "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ROSIN OIL."-A communication
from abroad by Joshua Merrill, residing at Boston, in the State of
Massachusetts, in the United States of America.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said George Tomlinson
Bousfield at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition and Declaration, on the 3rd December 1870, pursuant to the
9th Section of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
TOMLINSON BOUSFIELD, of Loughborough Park, Brixton, in the County
of Surrey, send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF ROSIN OIL," and have petitioned Her most Excellent
Majesty to grant unto me, my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her
Royal Letters Patent for the same, and have made solemn Declaration

page_text: that it has been communicated to me from abroad by Joshua Merrill,
a person resident at Boston, in the State of Massachusetts, in the
United States of America,
NOW KNOW YE, that I the said George Tomlinson Bousfield, do
hereby declare that the following Complete Specification, under my hand
and seal, fully describes and ascertains the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention consists in an improvement in the process of distilling
rosin oil, and in the product resulting from the process. Any common
rosin oil may be taken for treatment under this process, or such common
rosin oil may be made as follows:-A common cast-iron still provided
with a suitable condensing apparatus, and so arranged that proper and
controllable degrees of heat may be applied to the body of the still, is
made to receive about twenty-five barrels of common rosin, each con-
taining about three hundred pounds of the material, which preferably
should be broken into pieces. After properly luting and securing the
man-hole plate the still body is carefully heated for one or two hours
until the contents begin to come over from the condenser in the form
of acid water mingled with some spirit which is allowed to flow into a
receptacle until under an increased application of heat the oily product
known as crude rosin oil makes its appearance, when it is conducted into
a tank provided for its reception and called the crude oil tank which
should be used for no other purpose, The application of heat (preferably
fire) is continued, urging the distillation until all of the contents of the
still are distilled over except only a mass of coke or carbon which is left
in the body of the still. The acid water and the spirit are separated and
the spirit preserved. This rosin oil or any rosin oil of commerce is then
pumped into a still, such as before described, and heat (preferably fire)
is applied moderately to the still body. To each one hundred gallons
of the crude oil in the still are added four gallons of caustic alkali
solution of specific gravity 1.334, and the liquid contents of the still are
mixed by any suitable means until the alkali unites with the oil, forming
a soapy mass. The man-hole plate is then secured and heat is increased
upon the still body gradually and carefully at first to prevent the
contents from boiling over; at first water will flow from the condenser
and when about one-half of the water contained in the alkali solution
is distilled over the heat is increased. While water or spirit only flows
from the condenser it is conducted to a suitable receptacle, but when oil

page_text: begins to flow it is conducted to a tank called the second run tank, into
which the flow is continued until the distillate becomes a dark offensive
oil which will be near the finishing of the distillation. At this stage
the distillate must be directed into the crude oil tank through pipes
arranged for that purpose. The second run oil is then pumped into
another similar still, and to each one hundred gallons of the oil four
gallons of caustic alkali solution of a specific gravity 1.334 are added, and
the liquids are mixed and distilled as before described, taking care to
pass the first run of water and spirit or naptha into a separate receptacle
from that which is to receive the oil which begins to flow after the water
and spirit are passed off. When the distillate reaches the specific
gravity of 0.953 (water being 1.000) it is made ts run into a clean tank,
called the finished oil tank, and this flow is continued until the color
changes to a deep yellow or slightly brown, at which stage the flow must
be changed to the second run tank before mentioned. This finished oil
which has passed over between 953 and the color before mentioned will
have a pale color and but slight odour, and will be heavy in gravity and
thick in body. From the successive distillations, in combination with
caustic alkali solutions, all acid bodies are destroyed, and the resulting oil
is a pure "hydrocarbon " of great value in the arts for lubricating
machinery, either alone or in combination with other oils, and for currying
leather. The trade name which is given to this prepared oil is Trinidad
oil to distinguish it in commerce from other rosin oils.
be
To more perfectly deodorize and improve the described oil it may
subjected to the process which is fully described in the English Letters
Patent numbered 1178, dated April Sixteenth One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-nine.
What is claimed is, the process of distilling rosin oil in combination
with caustic alkali and the product resulting from said process.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Tomlinson Bousfield, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Second day of December,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy.