IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN PREPARING AND COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Holden, of the Firm of Isaac Holden
and Sons, of Bradford, in the County of York, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN PREPARING AND
COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES."
Sealed the 28th June 1872, and dated the 5th January 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Holden at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th January 1872.
I, EDWARD HOLDEN, of the Firm of Isaac Holden and Sons, of
Bradford, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN PRE-
PARING AND COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES," to be as follows :—
The improvements relate to arranging the teeth through which the
fibre under operation is drawn or fed so that the respective rows thereof
may be not only of different degrees of fineness, but also of different
length and pitch; thus with two rows of teeth in each of the gill bars,

page_text: one row would, according to my improvements, be of much shorter
length, of increased fineness, and closer together than those of the next
adjoining row. They would be applied so that the finer rows in working
screw gill and other preparers come next the drawing-off rollers with a
row of coarse and longer pins between two finer and shorter rows.
5
5
For long English wool 15 per inch of the finer and shorter teeth to
per inch of the coarser answers well, the shorter teeth being of about
two-thirds the length of the coarser teeth; whilst for Botany wool
25 per inch of the finer and shorter teeth to 6 per inch of the coarser
and longer teeth answers well. These relations of numbers and length 1
may however be considerably varied. By these means increased facility
is obtained in drawing and mixing the various lengths of fibre.
The improvements are applicable not only to the preparing of the fibre
before or after combing, but also to the combing teeth.
When lashing on to the circle or holding teeth in combing is employed 1
in connection with the improvements, I prefer that the longer or coarser
teeth may be on the side for the drawing off.
"
When using fine “nacteur combs, such combs act to form the fine
teeth on the drawing-off side. The coarser and longer teeth will then
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Holden in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 3rd July 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
HOLDEN, of the Firm of Isaac Holden and Sons, of Bradford, in the 2
County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, 3
give and grant unto me, the said Edward Holden, Her special licence
that I, the said Edward Holden, my executors, dministrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward Holden, my executors,

page_text: administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR
APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN PREPARING AND COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edward Holden, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Holden, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The improvements relate to arranging the teeth through which the
fibre under operation is drawn or fed so that the respective rows thereof
may be not only of different degrees of fineness, but also of different
lengths and pitch; thus with two rows of teeth in each of the gill bars,
one row would, according to my improvements, be of much shorter
length, of increased fineness, and closer together than those of the next
adjoining row. They would be applied so that the finer rows in working
screw gill and other preparers come next the drawing-off rollers.
For long English wool 15 per inch of the finer and shorter teeth to
5 per inch of the coarser answers well, the shorter teeth being of about
two-thirds the length of the coarser teeth; whilst for Botany wool
25 per inch of the finer and shorter teeth to 6 per inch of the coarser
and longer teeth answers well. These relations of numbers and length
may however be considerably varied. By these means increased facility
is obtained in drawing and mixing the various lengths of fibre.
The improvements are applicable not only to the preparing of the
fibre before or after combing, but also to the combing teeth.
When lashing or feeding wool on to the circle or holding teeth in
combing is employed in connection with the improvements, I apply the
shorter and finer teeth to the side for the drawing off.

page_text: Having thus described my Invention and means which I adopt in
carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that what I
claim is, the improvements in means or apparatus employed in preparing
and combing wool and other fibres by the employment of teeth of
different degrees of fineness, length, and pitch, substantially as
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Holden, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Second day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
EDWARD HOLDEN. (L.S.)