AN-IMPROVED CONSTRUC-
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for
Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mecha-
nical Draughtsman, for the Invention of" AN-IMPROVED CONSTRUC-
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent
Newton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 25th October 1853.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF PRINTING. PRESS " to
be as follows:
This Invention relates to an arrangement of printing. machinery
intended chiefly for printing job work" with great expedition. The
type is mounted on a reciprocating table or carriage, which slides in
guides and enters a stationary ink distributing cylinder (through the
periphery thereof), when the type is to be inked, in order that the inking
rollers (which are carried by rotating arms mounted on the axle of the
cylinder) may pass over the face of the type in making the circuit of
the exterior periphery of the ink. distributing cylinder. When the type
is inked it is driven forward by the throw of a crank, and pressed into

page_text: contact with the paper or other material intended to receive the impres-
sion. It is preferred to use paper or cardboard in continuous lengths,
and to give the same an intermittent motion, that a fresh surface may
be brought opposite the types while being inked. The paper or other
material is drawn forward between suitable guides, and held quiescent
while the impression is being made. After each imprint a pair of
shears is made to close upon the paper or other material, and shear off
the portion that last came from under the pressure of the type. When
this is effected the paper or other material receives a forward traverse
motion, and the printing operation is then repeated.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 25th April 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, Her
special license that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Alfred Vincent
Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others; from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
maké, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an In-
vention for AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF PRINTING PRESS," being a
'communication from abroad, upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Alfred Viucent Newton, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature

page_text: of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months, next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement, reference being bad to the
Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon (that is to say):
This Invention relates to an arrangement of printing machinery
intended chiefly for printing "job work" with great expedition. The
type is mounted on a reciprocating table or carriage which slides in
guides and enters a stationary ink distributing cylinder (through the
periphery thereof), when the type is to be inked, in order that the
inking rollers (which are carried by rotating arms mounted on the axle
of the cylinder) may pass over the face of the type in making the
circuit of the exterior periphery of the ink distributing cylinder. When
the type is inked it is driven forward by the throw of a crank, and pressed
into contact with the paper or other material intended to receive the
impression. It is preferred to use paper or card board in continuous
lengths, and to give the same an intermittent motion, that a fresh sur-
face may be brought opposite the type while being inked. The paper
or other material is drawn forward between suitable guides and held
quiescent while the impression is being made. After each imprint a
pair of shears is made to close upon the paper or other material, and
shear off the portion that last came from under the pressure of the type.
When this has been effected the paper or other material receives a
forward traverse motion, and the printing operation is then repeated:
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1, is a longitudinal vertical' sec-
tion through the centre of the machine; Fig. 2, is a sectional plan
view taken in the line 1, 2, of Fig. 1; and Fig. 8, is an end elevation
of the machine. a, is a cast iron stationary cylinder provided with
hollow trunnions, by which it is supported on the main framing." This
cylinder contains the apparatus for traversing the type to and fro to

page_text: effect the impression, and through its centre passes a crank shaft b.
Mounted loosely on the trunnions of the cylinder a, and-revolying out-
side of the cylinder, is a frame c, in which the, inking rollers m, are
mounted. These rollers traverse round the cylinder as and run in con-
tact with its periphery. The shaft b, is rotated by means of a winch
handle h, or it may be driven by means of a belt from any prime
moyer, and this-motion is communicated through ordinary gearing to
all the moving parts of the machine. The frame c; is composed of two
arms, which, near their outer ends, are connected together by braces.
The wheel a¹ upon the main shaft gives motion to a wheel 'a" on the
short shaft, and from this the-motion is transmitted to the wheel a
on the same shaft, which wheel gears into and drives a wheel cast
on the boss of the frame c. By this arrangement the frame c, is driven
round; the cylinder a, independently of the motion of the crank shaft,
and at a different speed from that shaft. Ordinary toothed wheels are
employed in giving these motions, their pitch being such as to drive
their respective shafts at the requisite speed. d, is a reciprocating
carriage, and carrying at its forward end the type e; which is set up in
a vertical position. This carriage d, slides in guides provided for it
within the cylinder a; and it is actuated by means of the crank shaft b,
which is connected loosely therewith by means of a link f, jointed to
the carriage. When the type is required to be inked the carriage is
drawn back into the cylinder until the face of the type is brought within
the circuit described by the ink distributing rollers.
'
The periphery of the stationary cylinder a, is the surface on which
the ink is distributed, the inking rollers m, for that purpose being tra-
versed over its periphery. One of the rollers in each set has a vibrating
motion while upon the cylinder, but only an onward motion while
This motion is produced by the extended axle
of one of the inking rollers coming against a stationary cam n, affixed
to the framing. The ink may be supplied from a fountain of the
ordinary construction to the surface of the cylinder a..
passing over the form.
In order to supply the printing press with paper a roll or continuous
sheet o, is placed upon a drum p, at the upper part of the main framing:
The end of this sheet of paper passes through a gauge 1, (to press it

page_text: tight and prevent it from, feeding in too fast) and between' guides, 2, to
keep it in a direct line,.down along the face of the platen to the shears
for cutting it off. It is fed down to the place of cutting by a paw
which gets it's motion from a crank arms, on the shaft t; connected with
the gearing by a second crank armd, and a connecting rod e; which is
secured to an excentric, pin on the toothed wheel a3 The shears for
cutting the paper into lengths are shewn at i, The movable jaw.
gets its motion in the following manner :-On a stud projecting from
the main framing a bell crank levery is mounted; the arm of which
connects by means of a rod z with the movable jaw. of the shears
A reciprocating motionis, given to this bell crank lever by means of a
pin projecting from the; last of a. train: of gearing wheels "a", (whichi
receive motion from the crank shaft b,) playing in a.segment slot cut in
the end of the crank-leyer yAs, therefore,the gearing: wheels revolve
the bell crank lever will be rocked on its fulcrumi, and the movable jaw
of the shears will be moved to and from the fixed jaw.
With respect to the operation of the improved printing press, it will
now be understood that as soon as. one set of inking rollers. has passed
over the form of types the types will move forward and impart 'an
impression to the 'paper: The moment after the 'impression is..made
the sheet moves on to the length gauged, it. being carried down by the
pawle (Of these pawls two may be used, if preferred, one on each
side of the-sheet.) The shears then close upon the paper and cut off
the desired length, which falls below to a box for its reception: These
operations are repeated and continued as long as motion is given, and
the sheet supplied
In conclusion, it may be remarked that by the use of the continuous
sheet of paper I am enabled to overcome the difficulty in feeding, sepa-
rate sheets to each impression, and can feed. rapidly as the sheet is
drawn in by rotary motion. By placing the impression apparatus
within-the-cylinder an economy of space is effected and the press is
rendered very simple and not liable to get out of repair. The bed thus
arranged is not liable to the heavy-concussions in reversing motion (so
great an evil in the revolving cylinder press known as the Napier press).
The extent of surface over the stationary cylinder's periphery ensures

page_text: an equal distribution of the ink before it reaches the form, while the
slow motion of the rollers around it prevents their heating from
friction.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of "An Improved
Construction of Printing Press," as communicated to me by my foreign
correspondent, and explained the manner of carrying the same into
eflect, I wish it to be understood that under the above in part recited
Letters Patent I claim,-
First, the general arrangement of machinery, as above described, and
constituting the improved printing press.
And particularly I claim the stationary cylinder for receiving the
traversing carriage which carries the type, and forms also the ink
distributing surface.
I also claim the combination and arrangement of several sets of
inking rollers in one frame, which traverses round the periphery of the
stationary cylinder, when these sets of rollers alternately or consecu-
tively pass over the form, and admit of an impression being taken
between the time that one set of rollers leaves the form and the next
set arrives to ink it.
I likewise claim the arrangement of the parts, as above described, for
feeding the paper and cutting it up in lengths after it is printed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Twenty-fifth day of April,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-
four.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
A. V. NEWTON. (L.S.)