CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jules Alphonse Chartier, of 39, Rue de l'Echiquier,
Paris, and 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Civil Engineer, for the
Invention of " CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES."
Sealed the 2nd February 1858, and dated the 29th August 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jules Alphonse Chartier at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th August 1857.
I, JULES ALPHONSE CHARTIER, of 39, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, and 4,
South Street, Finsbury, London, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature.
of my said Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES," to be as
follows, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to an improved arrangement of pistons and cylinders.
for economising the power of steam.
The improved arrangement consists in employing two cylinders fixed-
together, and having one slide valve in common. In each cylinder are
two pistons, and the steam being admitted in one cylinder causes the two
pistons to recede from each other, at the same time the two pistons in the
other cylinder approach each other, the waste steam escaping through the
exhaust port. These movements are effected by diagonal connecting rods
connecting the two opposite pistons diagonally together. This arrangement
causes the two pistons in each cylinder to meet in the centre of the cylinder
alternately when at full stroke.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jules Alphonse Chartier in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 27th February 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JULES
ALPHONSE CHARTIER, of 39, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, and 4, South Street,
Finsbury, London, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Jules Alphonse Chartier, Her special licence that I, the said Jules
Alphonse Chartier, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Jules Alphonse Chartier, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention of
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Jules Alphonse Chartier, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jules Alphonse Chartier, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereto annexed and
to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say:―
This Invention consists in constructing a steam engine with two cylinders
in which four pistons work alternately in opposite directions, by which
arrangement an economy of steam is obtained.
The engine may be either vertical or horizontal. The two cylinders are cast
together and have one slide valve in common. In each cylinder are two
pistons, and the steam being admitted in one cylinder causes the two pistons
to recede from each other, at the same time the two pistons in the other.
cylinder approach each other, the waste steam escaping through the exhaust.
port. These movements are effected by diagonal rods connecting the two

page_text: full stroke.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 represents a plan of the improved steam engine; Figure 2 a side
elevation of the same; Figure 3 is a plan of the cylinders showing the steam
ports; and Figure 4 is an end view of the same. The same letters refer to
corresponding parts of the engine. A, frame of the engine; B, B', two
cylinders cast together, and fixed to the frame A by bolts and nuts C; D, D',
transverse rods connected to the cross heads or guide blocks E, E'; F, F,
piston rods; G, G', pistons operating by their direct movement on the crank
axle H and crank plate I by the diagonal connecting rods J, K, and the crank
rods L, M. The pistons G, G', act by the expansive force of the steam, and
cause the pistons N, N¹, to approach each other alternately; O, O', bolts with
conical heads and rings P, P¹, for attaching the crank rods L, M, to the cross
heads E', Q', so that by tightening the nuts R the bolts cannot move during
the working of the engine; S, S', transverse connecting rods producing the
same movements as the rols D, D', by the aid of the diagonal rods J, K, and
crank rods L, M. The crank rod M is fastened to the cross head E' by the
bolt O', and communicates its movement to the crank plate I; T, lever fixed
to the axis U working in bearings V for actuating the slide valve W by means
of the excentric X and connecting rods Y, Z; Q', Q, cross heads supporting
the transverse rods S, S¹; F, F', piston rods fixed to the cross heads E, E¹.
The excentric X is fixed to the crank axle H working in the bearings a, a¹;
b, steam feed pipe; N, N', pistons fixed to the cross heads Q, Q', by the piston
rols d, d; E, E, cross heads for the piston rods F, F; e, rod fixed to the
slide valve W; f f¹, steam escape port and pipe; g, g', cross head guides
attached to the framing A by the screws h, h; i, fly wheel fixed to the axle
II; J, J, screws for fastening the diagonal connecting rods J, K, to the trans-
verse rods D, D¹, S, S'; K, slide valve chest fixed by screws to the cylinders;
L, crank rod fixed to the cross head Q¹ by the bolt O. This rod communicates
its movement to the crank axle H; 1, 1, ingress ports of the cylinders; m, m,
openings in the frame A for the passage of the pipes b, f.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention and the manner of
performing the same, I observe in conclusion, that what I claim is,―
First, the general arrangement and construction of steam engines, as herein
set forth and represented in the Drawing hereto annexed.
Secondly, the arrangement and construction of steam engines with two

page_text: cylinders and four pistons connected together by diagonal rods for economising
steam, as herein-before described and shewn in the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jules Alphonse Chartier, have hereunto
set my hand and seal this Twenty-fourth day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
JS A. CHARTIER. (L.S.)