Improvements in or connected with Stoves or Apparatus for Drying Tea Leaf, Coffee, Grain, or other Produce.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 4 h Dec., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 30th July, 1895-Accepted. 31st Aug.. 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Stoves or Apparatus for Drying
Tea Leaf, Coffee, Grain, or other Produce.
I WILLIAM JACKSON of Thorngrove Mannofield Aberdeen North Britain
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to provide in connection with stoves or apparatus
for drying tea leaf, coffee, grain or other produce means whereby a more uniform
heating of the air and distribution of the heated air in the drying chamber and
consequent practical equality of temperature in the drying chamber are effected
than in stoves or apparatus as hitherto made. According to my invention I arrange
the tubes or passages through which the air passes and in which it is heated in such
a way that a portion of the air passes in one direction through some of the said
tubes or passages and another portion of the air passes in another direction through
other of the said tubes or passages the one portion of the air so heated entering the
drying chamber at a part or parts thereof different from the part or parts of the
drying chamber at which the other portion of the air so heated enters the said
chamber.
The following is a convenient construction in accordance with my invention.
Tubes are arranged so as to traverse the space heated by the fire or fires and these
are constituted into sets by means of casings covering the ends of the sets of tubes
the said casings being arranged to cover the ends of the sets of tubes at opposite
sides of the heating space which encloses them in such manner that the tubes of the
first set open to the outer air at their one end and into the casing at their other end
the next set open to the outer air at the ends which in the first set are next the
casing end, and the ends which are next the air inlet ends of the first set are
covered by a casing and so on with the succeeding sets if there be more than two
so that at each side of the heating space there are alternately ends of the sets of
tubes opening to the outer air and into the casings. The air therefore passes in
one direction through the one set of tubes or alternate sets of tubes and in the
other direction through the other set of tubes or other alternate sets of tubes and
into the respective casings at each side. The said casings open into the drying
chamber at different parts thereof preferably the casing or casings at one side
opening into the drying chamber at one side and the opposite casing or casings
opening into the drying chamber at the opposite side of the drying chamber. The
air from the casings preferably instead of passing directly into the drying chamber
passes first into a receiving space surrounding or partly surrounding the drying
chamber and from this the air passes through openings at two or more sides or ends
or sides and ends of the drying chamber. The air is preferably admitted beneath
the charge in the drying chamber that is beneath the lowermost tray or band or
web or the like where such devices are used to support the charge in layers in the
drying chamber.
Dated this 4th day of December 1894
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.

page_text: Improvements in or connected with Stoves or Apparatus for Drying
Tea Leaf, Coffee, Grain, or other Produce.
I, WILLIAM JACKSON, of Thorngrove, Mannofield, Aberdeen, North Britain,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
The object of my invention is to provide, in connection with stoves, or apparatus,
for drying tea leaf, coffee, grain, or other produce, means whereby a more uniform
heating of the air, and distribution of the heated air in the drying chamber, (and
consequent practical equality of temperature in the drying chamber) are effected
than in stoves or apparatus as hitherto made. According to my invention I arrange
the tubes, or passages, through which the air passes and in which it is heated in such
a way that a portion of the air passes in one direction through some of the said
tubes or passages and another portion of the air passes in another direction through
other of the said tubes or passages the one portion of the air so heated entering the
drying chamber at a part or parts thereof different from the part or parts of the
drying chamber at which the other portion of the air so heated enters the said
chamber.
The example illustrated in vertical sections at right angles to each other in the
accompanying drawing is a convenient construction in accordance with my invention.
Tubes a are arranged so as to traverse the space enclosed by the casing band
heated by the fire or fires at c and these tubes are constituted into sets by means of
casings d covering the ends of the sets of tubes the said casings being arranged to
cover the ends of the sets of tubes at opposite sides of the heating space which
encloses them in such manner that the tubes of the first set open to the outer air
at their one end and into the casing d at their other end the tubes of the next set
open to the outer air at the ends which in the first set are next the casing end and
the ends which are next the air inlet ends of the first set are covered by a casing d
and so on with the succeeding sets if there be more than two as the number of sets
of tubes or passages may be two or more as desired. In the drawings I have
shewn eight sets. At each side of the heating space there are therefore alternately
ends of the sets of tubes opening to the outer air and into the casings. The air
therefore passes in oue direction through the one set of tubes or alternate sets of
tubes and in the other direction through the other set of tubes or other alternate
sets of tubes and into the respective casings at each side. The said casings open
into the drying chamber E at different parts thereof preferably the casing or
casings d at one side opening into the drying chamber at one side and the opposite
casing or casings opening into the drying chamber at the opposite side of the
drying chamber. The air from the casings preferably instead of passing directly
into the drying chamber passes first into a receiving space f surrounding or partly
surrounding the dry ing chamber E and from this space the air passes through
openings g at two or more sides or ends or sides and ends of the drying chamber E,
the deflecting plates assisting in diffusing and properly distributing the air. The
air is preferably admitted beneath the charge in the drying chamber as shewn that
is beneath the lowermost tray or band or web or the like where such devices are
used to support the charge in layers in the drying chamber. In the drawings I
have shewn circular tubes but the tubes or passages may be rectangular or of any
other suitable shape and the drying chamber although it is shewn as being provided
with travelling webs for supporting the charge may be provided with trays or any
other suitable means for supporting the charge.
h
In the drawing I have shewn an air space above the tubes the said air space
being divided into channels by the partitions communicating with the outer air

page_text: by the openings i and with the casings d by the openings alternately after the
manner described with regard to the tubes. These spaces (and also the tubes if
desired) may be provided with baffles by means of which the air is caused to take
a circuitous course therethrough. The edges of such baffles are indicated by the
vertical lines at in the part which I have shown broken away from the left hand
top corner in the side elevation to illustrate the arrangement more clearly.
It is to be understood however that the air space above the tubes is not essential
and it can be used or not as desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :
1. In stoves or apparatus for drying tea leaf, coffee, grain, or other produce,
means whereby the air in being heated is caused to pass, one portion in one direction
and another portion in another direction through the air heating tubes or passages
the said portions of air being supplied at different parts of the drying chamber,
substantially as herein before described.
2. A stove or apparatus for drying tea leaf, coffee, grain, or other produce
consisting of the combination of parts substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 30th day of July 1895.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
Agents.