Improvements in Devices or Means whereby the Pressure of a High Pressure Water Main can be Indirectly Utilised for Forcing Water.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Mar., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 2nd July, 1892-Accepted, 13th Aug., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Devices or Means whereby the Pressure of a
High Pressure Water Main can be Indirectly Utilised for Forcing
Water.
A communication by SALOMON FRANK, of Frankfort-on-the-Main, in the Empire
of Germany, Mechanician.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of the Agency for
Foreign Patent Solicitors, 6 Lord Street, Liverpool, & 6 Bank Street,
Manchester, both in the County of Lancaster, & 323 High Holborn in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object the utilisation of the pressure existing in most
water pipes for causing the water to flow in various household apparatus which are
not directly connected with the water main.
The inventor has especially in view artificial fountains for rooms, shower baths
and the like. But the invention is not limited in its application to these domestic
conveniences, it may be advantageously employed in the case of watering cans,
watering-carts, etcetera. The essential part of the invention consists in introducing
the water under pressure into a closed vessel which is full of air, but from which
the air is prevented from escaping, so that the latter is compressed in the vessel
until it has attained the same degree of pressure as the inflowing water.
the inflow of water be then stopped, a vessel is obtained filled with water, which
may be removed from the water pipe, and in which an amount of energy is stored
up by means of the compressed air, which may be utilised at some suitable time,
and in suitable apparatus for forcing out a stream of water.
If
The application of this invention to artificial fountains, for instance, renders
superfluous the complicated apparatus, such as hot air machines, steam engines,
etcetera, which were hitherto utilised for actuating the same.
The simplest form of construction of the invention is one where a pipe is tightly
inserted in a closed receptacle or vessel, the point of which is close to the bottom
of the vessel, and which is provided with a cock and a screwing on device both
for the high pressure water pipe as well as for a nozzle, rose, etcetera, when the
stored up water under pressure is to be used. The receptacle may then be filled
with water without the air being allowed to escape, and the water may be again
discharged through the same pipe by which it entered.
Different pipes may,
however, be employed for the inlet and outlet if desired.
Supposing, for instance, the invention be applied to a ball which serves as a
watering apparatus; the ball has at its upper part a hollow projection, into the
lower end of which a pipe is screwed, which ends a short distance from the
bottom of the vessel. The projection serves for holding a tap, whereby the afore-
said pipe and therewith also the chamber of the vessel may be entirely hermetically
closed to the outside. The upper end of the hollow projection is provided with a
screw thread on which the attachment piece, shaped like a nut, is screwed. In the
interior of this attachment piece, there is a screw spring valve which closes
the attachment piece to the outside, if the mouthpiece inserted in the latter be
screwed out.
The valve may be regarded as a safety valve, as it automatically closes the
apparatus if, when the same is filled, the tap should have been omitted to be turned
off. The mouth piece is provided with means, for instance a cast on or inserted
cross piece, which opens the valve when screwed into the attachment piece.

page_text: :
The mouthpiece may take the shape of a fine point, a rose, etcetera, as may be
requisite for the manner in which it is to be employed.
The mode of operation of the above described apparatus is as follows:-
The mouthpiece is removed from the attachment piece, and the latter, after the
tap is opened, is placed in communication with the high pressure water main. This
may be performed by direct screwing on, or by means of a hose pipe. In
consequence of the pressure, the water flows through the projection and its down-
wardly extending pipe into the ball, and compresses the air, contained in the latter,
until the air has the same pressure as the water. When this point is attained,
and in consequence of the equilibrium, no more water flows from the high pressure
main into the ball, the tap is closed, and the ball is disconnected from the water
main, whereupon the valve closes the chamber in the attachment piece, by means of
the screw spring. The mouthpiece is then screwed on, whereby the valve is again
opened. If the tap be then opened, the water contained in the ball, which is
under pressure from the enclosed air, is driven out almost to the last drop with a
pressure similar to that of the high pressure main.
Dated this 30th dev of March 1892
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Devices or Means whereby the Pressure of a
High Pressure Water Main can be Indirectly Utilised for Forcing
Water.
A communication by SALOMON FRANK, of Frankfort-on-the-Main, in the Empire
of Germany, Mechanician.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of the Agency for
Foreign Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool and 6 Bank Street,
Manchester both in the County of Lancaster and 323 High Holborn in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object the utilisation of the pressure existing in most
water pipes for causing the water to flow in various household apparatus which are
not directly connected with the water main.
The inventor has especially in view artificial fountains for rooms, shower baths,
water closets and the like. But the invention is not limited in its application to
these domestic conveniences, it may be advantageously employed in the case of
watering cans, watering carts, etcetera. The essential part of the invention consists
in introducing the water simply by the pressure in the main and without any
additional power into a closed vessel which is full of air, but from which the air is
prevented from escaping, so that the latter is compressed in the vessel until it has
attained the same degree of pressure as the inflowing water. If the inflow of water
be then stopped, a vessel is obtained filled with water, which may be removed from
the water pipe, and in which an amount of energy is stored up by means of the
compressed air, which may be utilised at some suitable time, and in suitable
apparatus for forcing out a stream of water.
The application of this invention to artificial fountains, for instance, renders
superfluous the complicated apparatus, such as hot air machines, steam engines,
etcetera, which were hitherto utilised for actuating the same.
A convenient form of construction of the apparatus is one where a pipe is tightly
inserted in a closed receptacle or vessel, and extending down close to the bottom of
said vessel, the latter being also provided with a cock and a screwing on device
both for the high pressure water pipe as well as for a nozzle, rose, etcetera,
when the stored up water under pressure is to be used. The receptacle may then

page_text: be filled with water without the air being allowed to escape, and the water may be
again discharged through the same pipe by which it entered. Different pipes
may, however, be employed for the inlet and outlet, if desired.
On the accompanying drawings--
D
Figure 1 represents one form of apparatus suitable for fountains, etcetera, and
Figure 2 an apparatus suitable for water closets.
Referring first to Figure 1-
A, is a vessel (preferably a hollow sphere) having, at its upper part, a projection C
with a chamber B into which is screwed (or otherwise fixed) a pipe D extending to
within a short distance of the bottom of the vessel A. The projection C also
serves for holding a tap or cock E, whereby the aforesaid pipe D and therewith
also the chamber B of the vessel A is hermetically closed to the outside. The
upper end of the hollow projection C is provided with a screw thread F on which
In the interior chamber H
the attachment piece G, shaped like a nut, is screwed.
of this attachment piece, there is a valve K resting on a spiral spring J which
closes the attachment piece G to the outside, if the mouthpiece M inserted in the
latter be removed.
The valve K may be regarded as a safety valve, as it automatically closes the
apparatus if, when the same is filled, the tap E should have been omitted to be
turned off. The mouthpiece M is provided with means, for instance a cast on or
inserted cross piece N, which opens the valve. K when screwed into the attachment
piece G.
The mouthpiece may take the shape of a fine point, a rose, etcetera, as may be
requisite for the manner in which it is to be employed.
The mode of operation of the above described apparatus is as follows-
The mouthpiece M is removed from the attachment piece G, and the latter, after
the tap E is opened, is placed in communication with the high pressure water main.
This may be performed by direct screwing on, or by means of a hose pipe. In
consequence of the pressure, the water W flows through the chamber B and its
downwardly extending pipe D into the vessel A. and compresses the air L contained
in the latter, until the air has the same pressure as the water in the pipe. When
this point is attained and in consequence of the equilibrium, no more water flows
from the high pressure main into the ball A, the tap E is closed, and the
vessel A is disconnected from the water main, whereupon the valve K closes the
chamber H in the attachment piece, by means of the screw spring J. The mouth-
piece M is then screwed on, whereby the valve K is again opened. If the tap E
be then opened, the water W, contained in the vessel A which is under pressure
from the enclosed air, is driven out almost to the last drop with a pressure similar
to that of the high pressure main.
Referring now to the closet flushing apparatus shown in Figure 2-
A' is a hollow vessel similar to the one shown in Figure 1 with this exception
that the internal pipe is dispensed with and the water enters at the bottom of the
vessel. B is the pipe conveying the water under pressure to the vessel A', and
C' the pipe which leads to the closet basin. D' is a three-way cock.
The mode of action is as follows-
The cock D' first allows the pipe E¹ to communicate with the pipe B'. The
vessel A¹ then fills with water until the air is compressed to the extent of the
pressure of the water main.
When using the flush, the three-way cock is turned in the direction of the arrow
so as to close the pipe E', thus placing the tube C¹ in communication with the
vessel A through pipe B¹. The water is then driven out of the vessel A' under
pressure from the enclosed air and flows out at first under very strong pressure
which gradually diminishes exactly as required. If desired, any suitable mechanism
such as a spring or weight can be employed to automatically return the three-way
cock to its normal position: in order that the vessel A¹ may be again charged
ready for another flush. Any other suitable shutting off device may be employed
which alternately allows the pipe C and the pipe E' to be opened and closed. In

page_text: the arrangement described above, it is not necessary to disconnect the vessel A¹ as
it is always filled from the same water supply and discharged into the same pipe.
The advantages of this arrangement over the ball cistern are that the pressure of
the water main is no longer lost and no complicated mechanism is necessary. It
will be readily understood that, instead of making one pipe serve the double
purposes of delivery and exit, two pipes may be employed one for delivering the
water into the vessel and the other for effecting its exit."
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is―
1. An improved device whereby the pressure of a high pressure water main can
be utilised, consisting in the employment of an air tight vessel (containing air)
for receiving the water from the main, said vessel being provided with means
whereby the inflow of water can be stopped, the disconnected vessel then having
an amount of energy and water stored up in it to be made use of as desired, all
substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. In combination with the device described, a flushing pipe of a water closet
which serves as the discharging pipe of the vessel.
3. The improved device for the object specified, consisting of a closed vessel A¹
containing air, a pipe B opening into said vessel at the bottom, pipes such as C¹
and E and a three-way cock or other suitable shutting off device, by means of
which communication can alternately be made between the water main and the
vessel and between the latter and the pipe leading to the part to receive the
discharge, all substantially as described.
4. In devices of the kind herein before described, the employment of a safety
valve in the filling tube, capable of being closed by the internal pressure, thus
preventing the exit of the water, but capable of being opened by the exit nozzle
being inserted, all substantially as hereinbefore described.
5. In a device of the kind described, the employment of one pipe such as D
which serves for both the entrance and exit of the water.
Dated this 1st day of July 1892.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.