Machinery for Manufacturing Pipes, Retorts, Tubes, and other Goods from Clay.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Mar., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 12th Dec., 1391-Accepted, 16th Jan., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Machinery for Manufacturing Pipes, Retorts, Tubes, and other Goods
from Clay.
1 JosErn Mouros of Cinler H, Hx in the County of York, Brick
Maker do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My said invention consists in the construction & arrangement, hereinafter
described of the parts of the said machinery, whereby the manufacture of retorts,
pipes, & other like articles, may be more expeditiously & cheaply produced, &
consists in the arrangement of the several parts of the aforesaid machinery, whereby
the use of hydraulic pressure may be conveniently applied.
To effect my purpose employ a hydraulic cylinder, superimposed above a
larger or clay cylinder & attached thereto by stay rods or bolts. The hydraulic
cylinder is fitted with a combined piston and hollow ram, & to the lower end of the
ram is also attached a large piston head, fitting the lower or clay cylinder. Through
the centre of the ram, passes a centre bolt or stay, this centre bolt bein fastened to
the top cover of the hydraulic cylinder & passing through the ram & down to the
lower end of the clay cylinder. The lower end of the centre bolt is provided with
a collar & nut whereby to fasten or support the matrix or inner die. The clay
cylinder at its lower end is also provided with another or outer die of shape
suitable to the article to be produced, this outer die being fixed to a flange on the
clay cylinder by bolts.
In working the machine, hydraulic pressure is admitted to the top end of the
hydraulic cylinder & acts upon the full area of the piston, minus the area of the
centre bolt. This pressure is conveyed through the ram to the clay piston, which
in its turn forces the clay contained in the clay cylinder through the suitably
shaped dies, where the pipe or other moulded article is received upon a suitable
table to be finished & burned. When the piston has completed the full stroke, by
means of suitably arranged piping & valves, the hydraulic pressure is admitted to
the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder, & this pressure acting on the area,
contained between the outside of the ram & the full diameter of the piston, causes
the same to ascend quickly leaving the top of the clay cylinder open & ready for a
fresh charge of clay. By this arrangement of machinery, I am enabled to employ
a much larger clay cylinder than has hitherto been used, causing the clay to flow
inwards towards the dies & making the clay of more equal density, together with
the advantage of having the clay piston perfectly under the control of one man, &
dispensing with the use of the large & expensive steam cylinders, hitherto generally
used for this purpose.
My invention is applicable to the manufacture of wet or dry clay, or generally of
such materials as are or may be moulded in plastic or dry state.
Dated this with dan
1001
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Machinery for Manufacturing Pipes. Retorts, Tubes, and other Goods
from Clay.
1, JOSEPH MORTON, of Cinder Hills, Halifax, in the County of York. Retort
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :―
My invention consists in the construction and arrangement hereinafter described

page_text: of parts of machinery, whereby the manufacture of retorts, sanitary pipes, and other
like articles may be more expeditiously and cheaply produced. My improvements
consist in the arrangement of the several parts of aforesaid machinery, whereby the
use of hydraulic pressure may be conveniently applied.
In order that my invention may be more fully understood, I will now make
reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings wherein
Fig. is vertical section of my improved arrangement and combination of
piston, ram, and cylinder to be operated by water and to be employed for forming
retorts, pipes and other long articles.
According to my invention I employ a hydraulic cylinder A superimposed above
a larger or clay cylinder B, and attached thereto by stay rods C or bolts D. The
hydraulic cylinder A is fitted with a combined piston E and hollow ram F, and to
the lower end of the said ram F is also attached a large piston head G, of such a
size as to fit the lower or clay cylinder B. Through the centre of the ram F passes
a central bolt or stay H, the upper end of which is fastened to the top cover I of
the hydraulic cylinder, whilst the lower end of the central bolt is provided with a
collar and nut whereby to fasten or support the matrix or inner die J. The clay
cylinder B, at its lower end is also provided with another or outer die K, suitable
to the article to be produced, such outer die being fixed to a flange L on the clay
cylinder by bolts as will be well understood.
In operating the machine by hydraulic power, water under pressure is admitted
through the opening a in the top end of the hydraulic cylinder A which water acts
upon the piston M on the top of the ram F which is forced down upon the clay in
the cylinder B, whereby the clay is made to enter the mould for the purpose of
forming the retort or pipe as the case may be. When the piston has completed the
full stroke, the current of water is reversed by means of suitably arranged piping
and valves so as to convey the water to the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder,
where it enters at point b, and this pressure acting upon the area contained between
the outside of the ram F and the full diameter of the piston M causes the same to
ascend quickly, leaving the top of the clay cylinder open and ready for a fresh
charge of clay.
By this arrangement of machinery I am enabled to employ a much larger clay
cylinder than has hitherto been used, causing the clay to flow inwards towards
the dies, making the clay of more equal density, together with the advantage of
having the clay piston perfectly under the control of one man, and dispensing with
the use of the large and expensive steam cylinders hitherto generally used for
this purpose.
My invention is applicable to the manufacture of wet or dry clay, or
generally of such materials as are or may be moulded in a plastic or dry state.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim, is :-
1-
In apparatus for forming fire clay retorts, sanitary pipes and the like, the use of
a hydraulic ram, forced up and down by water under pressure in manner substan-
tially as described and shewn herein.
DL:. 114h daw of Dosamba- 1001
JOSEPH MORTON.