Year: 1897

page_text: I, WILLIAM FRANCIS DEARLOVE, 98, Canonbury Road, Islington, N., of no occupa-
tion, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This is not a newly constructed lamp, but an ordinary common lamp with many
new parts, each having advantages added and fitted thereto. I begin with taking
an ordinary common lamp, with the stand at bottom, round, hollow, and oval,
or round upwards. The lamp adopted as model lamp is a common ordinary lamp
costing about 1/6 about 10 ins. high to top of burner, and reservoir about 5 in.
in diameter.
I first cut out of tin, of such quality as will not warp, about ½ in. deep a rim,
soder ends to fit, and fit over on outside at edge of bottom of lamp, I next cut
out of same material a plate in circumference the size of bottom of lamp, with hole
half the size cut out in centre, which plate placed under lamp I soder on to the
said rim, but before doing so, and first, I soder on to inside edge of plate, where
cut out, a rim, standing upright, about 2 in. in depth, I next cut out of same
material or of copper silvered a plate, round and about 9 in. diameter more or
less, and a rim same depth as rim on bottom of lamp, and same or suitable circum-
ference, and soder on upright on plate in centre, to fit inside rim on bottom of
lamp, which plate to be used as stand for lamp and for other purposes.
I next place round rim at bottom of lamp, an india rubber band, turned a little
under with lamp resting thereon.
The workings of the foregoing now mentioned might make the description
given more easily understood. The plate or stand for lamp, with rim in centre
fitting inside the rim on plate at bottom of lamp and revolving thereon, the lamp
can be turned round on plate and without moving plate-also can be moved to
any position without lifting by pulling or pushing also plate or stand answering
the purpose of reflector and other uses.
The india rubber band, round bottom of lamp, chalked underneath making
lamp standing more even and firm, more easily turned round on plate or stand,
and without catching scratching, or noise.
I come to the upper part of lamp, I begin by cutting out same material a plate.
circumference same as reservoir, with centre cut out to fit over collar to lamn, I
then cut out of same material a rim in depth nearly but not quite to top of collar.
and of necessary length and soder upright, on inside edge on plate, where cut out,
fitting on and over collar of lamp, dropping down, and resting tightly at bottom
of collar over ton of reservoir, on rim round collar, belonging to, and a part of
collar at the bottom, there to remain as if fixed, for that above and hereafter
described to rest and work upon.
I next cut out of same material, a plate, round, about 10% ins. diameter, more or
less, with hole in centre, to fit on and over rim, last fitted over collar but important
for a
purpose not to fit but to be about in. larger than necessary
fit exactly
collar after leaving from the hole
to
over
cut out in

page_text: centre, enough of plate to cover and covering top of reservoir, then
cut out all round in wheel like shape leaving all round at the
edge a rim or felloes in. wide, with 4 bars or cross pieces or spokes in. wide,
running from rim or felloes towards and on to that part or stock not cut out, cover-
ing the top of reservoir, and dropping plate over rim that is over collar on to
plate beneath, resting and working thereon.
I next cut out of same material a plate in circumference covering top of reser-
voir, with hole in centre cut out to fit over rim that fits over collar, and dropping
same on to, and top of wheel like shaped plate beneath, hereafter to be pressed
upon tightening wheel like plate.
I next of same material cut out a rim, in depth a little above top of collar, or
suitable depth to be adjusted afterwards, placing same over rim which is over
collar fixed to first plate, and drop it on plate beneath, and with small plate rest-
ing on top of collar on top of rim which plate with hole in it for wick and burner
passing into or through to be more particularly mentioned hereafter, the burner
resting on it, will when skrewed down tighten and compress the wheel like shaped
plate according as skrewed and the lamp, in falling and falling first on edge of
the said wheel like shaped plate and through the tightening and the hole in wheel
like shaped plate to fit round collar being in. larger than required to fit round
collar, the plate with force against moves forward, and the force of blow resisted
or counteracted until reaching collar, and therefore the force of blow broken, and
the liability of reservoir breaking removed, besides the said plate holding upwards
the lamp, saving and preventing the oil running out through tube for wick, and
taking fire from lighted wick and explosion.
I next, same material cut out plate, round, diameter same as top of reservoir,
with hole in centre cut out for plate to fit over both rims over collar I then fix at
edge upright a frame for holding a reflector plate, also as shade, usable both
as reflector or as a shade-with revolution and placing in position adding to and
increasing width of the other reflector next mentioned, or as a shade placed in a
position as required, with the other reflector placed opposite. The frame and
reflector plate constructed and worked as follows I fix on plate 2 uprights supports
or frame made of same material 5 ins. high in. wide when doubled, doubled to
give a groove for reflector also shade to work up and down in these supports apart
according to width of reflector also shade, cross piece at top for support of uprights
and soder on at edge of plate. Then make reflector also shade cut out of copper
afterwards silvered with pressure rounded to circle of reservoir 2 in. wide 5 ins.
high cut out at bottom 2 ins. leaving legs or supports each side-placing same in
the grooves of frame standing on its legs moving when required up and down and
in use placed or fixed in position as required and if necessary by pressing side in
groove at bottom, and with revolution used and placed in any required position.
I next cut out of the same material for another reflector plate, a plate a little
smaller than last, to allow it to revolve inside the last plate containing the reflector
plate also shade, round, with hole in centre for plate to fit over rims that are over
collar, I then, not of same material but of copper afterwards silvered cut out for
a reflector, a plate 5 ins. high, 4 ins. wide, with 2 ins. at bottom cut out to admit
light through or behind corresponding with last reflector plate also shade, leaving
at each side as on the other legs or supports to stand on, which plate with pressure
rounded to circle of reservoir, then soder on at the legs on edge of plate and
dropped over the rims that are over collar, on to and working inside reflector also
shade, and with revolution used as required and placed in any position.
I next cut out of copper afterwards silvered a plate, a little smaller than last,
to fit inside and to revolve,--round, with hole in centre to fit over rims that are
over collar, for the purpose of a reflector plate, and holding down those beneath.
I next cut out of tin not now copper, a very small plate, previously spoken of
as to be hereafter mentioned, round, a little larger than the hole in collar, to admit
burner, with hole cut out in centre for burner to pass into or through then place on
top of and resting on collar, on top of outside rim passing burner through into the

page_text: skrew in collar, and skrewing downwards, thereby fastening and tightening the
wheel like shaped plate according as skrewed downwards, owing to the aforesaid
very small plate, which burner rests upon pressing with the skrewing, on to out-
side rim, over collar, which pressing indirectly on wheel like shaped plate tightens
same.
On projection of tube for wick on burner at bottom I fix made of same material,
a tube or continuation of tube, running down reservoir nearly to bottom.
I now finishing with the lower part, come to the upper.
I begin with making of wire, a cage like arrangement, round, like a ball, placed
over lamp glass, at top which will give to the weight of reflector placed at top and
upon it, and also to the expansion of lamp glass through heat, and yet hold itself
up with reflector at top and upon it.
I take a length of wire, the ordinary common cage wire, and with a pair of
nippers, I turn it upwards and downwards about a dozen times or lengths, more or
less, of about 4 in. long more or less, with the width of the nippers about in.
between each turn or length. I then bend both top and bottom inwards, and soder
the ends thus bringing it almost or quite round, ball like, with hole right through
running top to bottom, or both at top and bottom, which I fit on glass at top
placing glass through the said hole.
11:
I next cut out of copper, afterwards silvered, a small plate 3 in. diameter, with
hole in centre about 1 in., which I place over top and resting upon the cage like
arrangement, fitted on top of lamp, glass, and as a plate for balancing the plate
above or top reflector, and resting same upon when balanced, and also usable as
a holder of the ordinary common kind of shade and reflector, which when fitted
turning downwards and outwards all round, running from centre-by dropping
this kind of shade and reflector on to, and resting on edge of said plate.
I next and lastly cut out of copper, afterwards silvered the top reflector plate,
a plate, about 9 in. diameter more or less, with hole in centre about 2 ins. diameter,
always and important in being larger than hole in plate beneath, in order to have
play, and freedom, in moving to and fro for balancing on plate beneath, which
when balanced is dropped on that beneath, resting and remaining thereon.
6th November 1897.
WILLIAM FRANCIS DEARLOVE,
98, Canonbury Road, Islington, N.
WILLIAM FRANCIS DEARLOVE, 98, Canonbury Road, Islington, N., of no occupa-
tion, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
My invention relates to a cheap but effective form of adjustable and other
lamp reflector or shade apparatus for use with ordinary lamps.
I bend a strip A of tin about 1 inch deep into a ring and solder the ends together
I then place it inside hole on plate B going through about inch and solder on
plate B.
B. Plate suitable size, with hole cut out in centre suitable size with rim on to
go over collar of lamp.
This plate B with rim A fixed thereon placed over collar of lamp dropping
down and resting on ridge or ledge at bottom of collar of lamp.
C and C. Two plates suitable size, the one to be used as the upper one to be
about inch smaller with holes cut out in centre in both, suitable size to go over
collar of lamp and rim.

page_text: D. The under side reflector plate also as shade suitable height and width cut
out according to drawing and fixed with soldering at edge of plate C.
E. The upper side reflector plate, in shape corresponding with the other D but
to be double the width according to drawing fixed with soldering at edge of
plate C.
The above two plates C and C with the side reflector plates D and E fixed thereon
to be placed over collar of lamp and rim A dropping on plate B and resting and
working thereon.
E. Plate suitable size with hole cut out in centre suitable size to go over chimney
glass of lamp and dropping some way down.
G. Three lengths or clips as in drawing suitable length and width turned over
at top or one end hook like to hook on and at bottom or other end turned half
way for fixing. Solder on plate F underneath as in drawing.
This plate or top reflector supporter placed over chimney glass to lamp dropped
and hooked on at top as in drawing.
H. Top reflector plate suitable size with hole cut out in centre to go over and
some way down chimney glass, also to be hollowed out with about 1 inch in centre
round hole left flat. It may also be in other different forms shapes and sizes to
that shown in drawing.
The top reflector plate placed over chimney glass dropping on and supported
on plate F.
As one of the objects of my invention is to provide effective reflector apparatus
at the lowest possible cost I find it preferable to manufacture my reflectors from
plates of the best tin instead of from plates of silvered copper, I may however in
some cases use reflector plates of silvered copper.
I brighten the surface of the tin as follows.
I take the reflector or plate in the left hand holding the surface intended to be
bright (the under surface) downwards and operating on the other or upward sur-
face with the other hand I by means of a brush put on and cover the upward sur-
face with spirits of salts and zinc mixed or with the usual tinmans soldering
solution. I then with the ordinary heated soldering iron melt and drop solder on
the plate the solder being supported in such a manner that it can be so used and I
move a hot soldering iron over the plate until the solder is dissolved and levelled
continuing the operation until the plate is completely covered on its upper surface
taking care that the under surface which is intended to be bright is not touched
or burnt through during the operation by the soldering iron being too hot or held
too long on the plate.
In using the apparatus with the lamp the reflector plates E D may be arranged
side by side to form a single reflector, or the one may be placed opposite to the
other, as shown in the drawing in which positions the smaller plate D serves as
a shade and the larger plate E as a reflector the latter throwing the light through
the opening in the lower part of the plate or shade D, or the smaller plate D when
not required for use may be turned behind the larger plate E.
The light thrown down by the reflector H increases as the said reflector becomes
heated.
Having now, particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
Reflector or shade apparatus for use with ordinary lamps prepared and manu-
factured in the manner described.