IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVES FOR PUMPS, BLOWING MACHINES, COMPRESSORS OR THE LIKE
Year: 1885

page_text: I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co, Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVES FOR PUMPS, BLOWING MACHINES,
COMPRESSORS OR THE LIKE" to be as follows:-
The operation of ordinary automatic valves which have a free stroke of con-
siderable length is only reliable, when this free long stroke of the valve is at the
right moment reduced by some suitable device.
This reduction of the stroke may be obtained either by springs working inside
the valve-box or by some some power acting upon the valve from the outside. The
surest working however is obtained by a valve-gear, by means of which the free
long stroke of the valve is at the right moment, viz before the termination of the
stroke of the pump piston,-reduced to a minimum or stopped. Such reduction of
the free valve-motion does not in the least degree suppress or prejudice the other-
wise automatic operation of the valve, and may be applied to single-seat valves, to
valves baving two or more seats, to clacks, or to any other form of valve.
In order to impart to the valves the said shutting motion the valves are con-
nected to end wise movable rods or to rotating or rock shafts projecting through
stuffing boxes out of the valve-boxes. These rods or shafts transmitting the
shutting motion to the valves, are acted upon by, and derive their to and fro or
their rotary or oscillating movement from, a valve gear arranged outside the valve
box, to wit, either from such parts of the mechanism, which follow the to and fro
movement of the pump-piston or from rotating shafts.
If the said shutting motion is transmitted to the valve from a rotating shaft, this
shaft is provided with a cam or a disc of suitable shape, the circumference of which
cam or disc is constantly bearing against a slide or against a roller, and produces,
just before the termination of the stroke of the pump, a displacement of the valve-
rod, whereby the said motion is transmitted to the valve either directly or by
means of an intermediate lever mechanism or by any suitable gear.

page_text: In valves provided with the described valve-gear gravity has no influence upon
the working of the valve. The valves and their rods may therefore be placed in
any desired positions, and may be arranged either vertically, horizontally or in any
inclined position.
If the said shutting movement is transmitted upon valve-rods endwise movable
in stuffing boxes, in high-pressure pumps the pressure of the water acting on one
surface of the valve, comprising the cross-section of the valve rod engaged in the
said stuffing box, ought to be compensated either by spring-pressure or by water
pressure acting upon the valve-rod outside the stuffing box, or by inserting the
valve rod into a second stuffing box arranged in a position opposite to the aforesaid
stuffing box.
When, during the change of the stroke the valve is either shut or brought very
near to its seat, the valve ought to be kept closed, by means of the said valve-gear,
at least during a part of the back stroke of the piston, in order to prevent an
accidental opening of the valve before the next change of stroke, which opening
may occur. In a valve-gear having a rotating shaft and a cam, the shutting of the
valve is ensured by the concentric or plane portion of said cam between the curved
portions of the same.
When, at the beginning of a stroke of the pump-piston the valve is automatically
opening, the slide attached to the rod of the valve is allowed to slide along the
inversely inclined curve of the cam so that during this sliding movement the
automatic opening of the valve takes place gradually, and may be regulated
at will.
When the described regulating cams are formed with opposite curves, suction
valves may be so disposed in the cylinder-head, that the closed valve lies flat with
the cylinder-head; in this case the valve opens into that portion of the cylinder
which is alternately occupied by the piston, and the valve, during its automatic
opening, controlled by the inversely inclined curve of the regulator-cam, follows the
movement of the piston without coming in contact with the same.
Dated this 12th day of To 100%
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.

page_text: COMILEID
DIECIFICATION.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVES FOR PUMPS, BLOWING MACHINES,
COMPRESSORS, OR THE LIKE" and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to valves for pumps, blowing machines, compressors or
the like.
The operation of ordinary automatic valves which have a free stroke of con-
siderable length is only reliable, when this free long stroke of the valve is, at the
right moment, reduced by some suitable device.
This reduction of the stroke may be obtained either by springs working inside
the valve-box, or by some power acting upon the valve from the outside. The
surest operation however is obtained by using a valve-gear, by means of which the
free long stroke of the valve is at the right moment, (viz before the termination of
the stroke of the pump piston,) reduced to a minimum or stopped. Such reduction
of the free valve-motion does not in the least degree suppress or prejudice the
otherwise automatic operation of the valve, and may be applied to valves of any
desired form, such as single-seat valves, valves having two or more seats, or clack-
valves.
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing the Figures of which
are herein-after referred to.
In order to impart to the valves the said shutting motion, the valves v (see
Figures 4 and 5) are connected to longitudinally movable rods s (Figure 4), or to
rotating or rocking shafts g (Figure 5) projecting, through stuffing boxes, from the
valve-boxes p. These rods & or shafts g, transmitting the shutting motion to the
valves, are acted upon by, and derive their to and fro or their rotary or oscillating
movement from, valve-gear arranged outside the valve-box; for instance, either
from such parts of the mechanism which follow the to and fro movement of the
pump-piston, or from rotating shafts.
If the said shutting motion is transmitted to the valve v from a rotating shaft a
(Figures 1, 2 and 3), this shaft a is provided with a cam or a disc of suitable
shape, the circumference of which cam or disc is constantly bearing against a
slide b, or against a roller, and produces, just before the termination of the stroke
of the pump, a displacement of the valve-rod s, whereby the said motion is
transmitted to the valve either directly (see Figures 1 and 2) or by means of an
intermediate lever-mechanism, or by other suitable gear.
In valves provided with the described valve-gear, gravity has no influence upon
the exact working of the valve. The valves and their rods s may therefore be
placed either vertically, horizontally or in an inclined position (see Figures 1
and 2).
If the shutting movement is transmitted through valve-rods movable longi-
tudinally in stuffing boxes t (Figures 1 and 2), in high pressure pumps the pressure

page_text: of the water acting on one surface of the valve (comprising the cross section of the
valve rod engaged in the said stuffing box) ought to be compensated either by
spring-pressure or by water pressure acting upon the valve-rod outside the stuffing
box, or by inserting the valve rods (Figure 1) into a second stuffing box t¹ arranged
in a position opposite to the aforesaid stuffing box t.
When, during the change of the stroke, the valve is either shut or brought very
near to its seat, the valve ought to be kept closed, by means of the said valve-gear,
at least during a part of the back stroke of the piston, in order to prevent an
accidental opening of the valve before the next change of stroke, which opening
may occur in consequence of some accidental force acting upon the valve. In valve-
gears having a rotating shaft a and a cam c, the shutting of the valve is ensured
by the concentric (figure 1) or plain (figure 3) portion of said cam, between the
curved portions (c and c!) of the same.
When, at the beginning of a stroke of the pump-piston, the valve is automatically
opening, the slide 6 attached to the rod s of the valve is allowed to slide along the
inversely inclined curve c¹ of the cam (see Figures 1 and 3), so that during this
sliding movement the automatic opening of the valve takes place gradually and
may be regulated at will.
When the regulating cams are formed with opposite curves as described, suction
valves may be so arranged in the cylinder-head, that the closed valve v (figure 3)
lies level with the cylinder-head; in this case the valve opens into that portion of
the cylinder which is alternately occupied by the piston, and the valve during its
automatic opening, controlled by the inversely inclined curve c, of the regulator-
cam, follows the movement of the piston k without coming in contact with the
same.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First Valves or clacks for pumps, blowing machines, compressors or the like,
adapted to be closed (on their free stroke being reduced at the end of the stroke of
the piston) by means of rotating shafts carrying cams or excentrics, which either
directly close the valve by acting upon valve-rods projecting through stuffing-boxes
from the valve-chambers, or indirectly by acting upon transmitting levers,
substantially as set forth.
Second Valves which, after having been closed at the end of the stroke of the
piston by means of a valve-gear, are kept closed by this gear during a part of the
back stroke of the piston, or till the beginning of the following stroke thereof,
substantially as set forth.
Third Suction-valves or clacks, which are controlled as described and so inserted
in a cylinder-head, that the opening valve enters the space alternately occupied by
the piston, the opening-motion being regulated by an inversely inclined surface c
of suitable shape, of the cam c, substantially as shown and described.
Fourth In valves, which are controlled as described, the arrangement on both
sides of the valve-body v, of rods 8 s projecting through stuffing-boxes t t', in order
to compensate the pressure corresponding to the sectional area of the valve-rod,
substantially as shown and described.
Dated thin 02nd day of March 1885
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.