A MACHINE OR APPARATUS FOR FILTERING, WHICH I DENO- MINATE AN ARTIFICIAL SPRING
Year: 1827

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME I, JAMES
WHITE, of Paradise Street, Lambeth, in the County of Surrey, Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth
did, by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom,
bearing date at Westminster, the Eighth day of November, One thousand
eight hundred and twenty-seven, in the eighth year of His reign, give and
grant unto me, the said James White, His especial licence that I, the said
James White, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said James White, my executors, admors, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the
term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
my Invention of "A MACHINE OR APPARATUS FOR FILTERING, WHICH I DENO-
MINATE AN ARTIFICIAL SPRING;'" in which said Letters Patent there is
contained a proviso obliging me, the said James White, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to. describe and ascertain the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to

page_text: be enrolled in His said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within two calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
James White, do hereby describe the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, reference being had to the Drawing
annexed (that is to say) :-
In this my Invention which I have denominated an Artificial Spring I
claim the Invention of applying the hydrostatic paradox to force the water in
an upward direction through the stone.
I also claim the general arrangement of the whole machine as represented
in the accompanying Drawing, and described in the following manner :-
C, a cistern containing the water to be filtered, situated at some height
above the machine. P, a small pipe which conveys the water from the cistern
to the filtering apparatus. A, a cock of a peculiar construction; when open, as
represented in the Drawing, the pressure from the column P will force the
water contained in the lower part of the apparatus upwards through the
stone S, where it can be retained, filtered in the top part, and drawn off at B
as required. If the cock A be turned one way to shut off the communication
betwixt the machine and the cistern, it will open a passage through the small
tube D with the water contained in the lower part of the apparatus, and that
which is filtered in the top part will subside through the stone and pass off by
the tube D. When bach filtration is not required, for it is only necessary in
assisting to keep the pores of the stone clean, the cock A must be turned off
the reverse way, and there will be no communication through the tube D, and
the filtered water in the top part of the apparatus can be retained for any
length of time. The cock C serves two particular purposes. Open it when A
is open and then shut it again as fast as posible. This, will cause an immence
pressure on the stone, and the water will be forced through with so much
rapidity as to clean its pores completely; at the same time it is open to
produce this effect, the sediment and animalcula deposited in the lower part of
the machine will be discharged and run off by the waste pipe E. The stone is
cemented into its place so that no water can pass without being subject to
filtration.
Having described the, nature and arrangement of my Invention, it is
necessary to observe, that it can be constructed in various forms and sizes as
circumstances may require. But I claim as my particular Invention the appli-
cation of the hydrostatic paradox to force the water in an upward direction
through a filtering stone.