AN IMPROVEMENT IN CARDING ENGINES
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Leeming and Richard Shiers Markindale,
Worsted Spinners, of Broughton, in the County of Lancaster, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN CARDING ENGINES.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Leeming and
Richard Shiers Markindale at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 28th March 1863.
We, JAMES LEEMING and RICHARD SHIERS MARKINDALE, Worsted Spinners,
5 of Broughton, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN CARDING ENGINES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to the class of machines known as carding engines, or
machines employed in the preparation of fibrous materials for spinning and for
other purposes. In machines of this description there are sometimes employed
in each machine two or more carding cylinders or swifts, the fibrous material
in process of preparation in the machine being transferred from one carding
cylinder or swift to another carding cylinder or swift by a doffer or doffing
cylinder, one doffer or doffing cylinder only having hitherto been employed
between any two carding cylinders or swifts.

page_text: Our improvement consists in employing in machines of the above description
two or more doffers or doffing cylinders between any two carding cylinders or
swifts for transferring the fibrous material from one carding cylinder or swift
to another carding cylinder or swift, and by which means we are enabled to
prepare with each machine a larger quantity of fibrous material in a given
time than where one doffer or doffing cylinder only is employed, and also to
improve the quality of the sliver and maintain the machine in a cleaner and
better working condition.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Leeming and Richard Shiers Markindale in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 25th September 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
LEEMING and RICHARD SHIERS MARKINDALE, Worsted Spinners, of Broughton,
in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said James Leeming and Richard Shiers Markindale, Her special license that
we, the said James Leeming and Richard Shiers Markindale, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said James Leeming
and Richard Shiers Markindale, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Chanuel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CARDING ENGINES," upon the condition, amongst others, that we,
the said James Leeming and Richard Shiers Markindale, by an instrument
in writing under our hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said James Leeming and Richard Shiers
Markindale, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement and accompanying Drawings (that
is to say):-
Our Invention relates to the class of machines known as "carding engines,"
or machines employed in the preparation of fibrous materials for spinning and
for other purposes.
In machines of this description there are sometimes
employed in each machine two or more carding cylinders or swifts, the fibrous
material in process of preparation in the machine being transferred from one
carding cylinder or swift to another carding cylinder or swift by a doffer or
doffing cylinder, one doffer or doffing cylinder only having hitherto been
employed between any two carding cylinders or swifts.
Our improvement consists in employing in machines of the above description
two or more doffers or doffing cylinders between any two carding cylinders or
swifts for transferring the fibrous material from one carding cylinder or swift
to another carding cylinder or swift, by which means we are enabled to
prepare with each machine a larger quantity of fibrous material in a given
time than where one doffer or doffing cylinder only is employed, and also to
improve the quality of the sliver and maintain the machine in a cleaner and
better working condition.
The accompanying Drawing, being so much of one of our improved carding
engines (as shown in section) will be sufficient to illustrate our Invention.
In this arrangement we employ three carding cylinders or swifts A, A¹,
and A", the first swift A being supplied with the fibrous material to be operated
upon in the usual manner; between this swift A and the next swift A' are the
two doffers or doffing cylinders B and C, by which the fibrous material is
doffered from the swift A and transferred to the swift A', the upper doffer B
taking off the longer material and the lower doffer the shorter material, by
which the swifts are maintained in a cleaner state than when one doffer only
is used, a larger quantity of material is operated upon in a given time, and a
better quality in the resulting sliver is obtained. Between the second swift A'
and the third swift A" a similar pair of doffers D and E operate in like
manner, and transfer the fibrous material from the swift A' to the swift A",
from which latter the fibrous material is doffered in the usual manner by the
doffer F.
We claim as our Invention the use and employment in carding engines of
two doffers or doffing cylinders between any two carding cylinders or swift.

page_text: for the
purpose of transferring the fibrous material under operation from one
carding cylinder or swift to the other carding cylinder or swift.
In witness whereof, we, the said James Leeming and Richard Shiers
Markindale, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-third
day of September, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
JAME
L.S.I
RICHARD SHIERS MARKINDALE. (L.S.)
RICHARD SHIERS MARKINDALE. (L.S.)