IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY TIP-WAGONS OR SIDE DUMPING CARS
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I JOHN GUSTAVUS ROLLINS of Old Swan Wharf, Upper Thames Street in tho
City of London, Merchant do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY TIP-WAGONS OR SIDE DUMPING CARS A communi-
cation to me from abroad by Matthew Van -Wormer of Melrose in the State of
Massachusetts in the United States of America to be as follows:-
The present improvements relate to a device for holding the car bed in a
horizontal position; to a special combination or arrangement of the draw-bar with
the truck and its central draft timber, to the same in relation to a hinged platform
on the truck for the operator; to means for tilting or dumping the car; and to other
novelties which will fully appear from the following description.
The present improvements are designed more especially for a four wheeled
dumping car.
I will first describe the devices for holding the car bed in position and their action;
each of them is hung on a pivot or bolt and is in the form of a stirrup and has a
single cross bar; each is connected to a short chain or rod whose other end is
connected to a long chain or rod. This latter rod or chain serving thus to connect
the short chains or rods so that both stirrups on the same side of the car shall be
simultaneously operated by the same movement of the hand lever.
These stirrups are pivotted on the inside of the sill of the car-body or frame and
the rods or chains also work on the inside of the same sill.
Fixed catches for the stirrups are- bolted to the truck frame; that portion which
engages with the stirrup when the latter is in its vertical position tapers or inclines
at both sides and at the top; the under side however being straight; by theso
means when the car bed is in a horizontal position, and the hand lever is released
or free, the stirrups drop by their own weight to their vertical positions and in so
doing the loop of each stirrup embraces and receives the nose of the catch; the car
body is thus firmly held to its position because the stirrups cannot ride off from
these catches.
The cross bar acts as a' relief to the stirrup, as the car is tilted. The stirrups
being released on one side of the car and the car being tilted, the cross bar of the

page_text: stirrups on the opposite side of the car strikes in its downward movement against
the inclines on the upper side of the catches and thus rides down these inclines and
frees the stirrups from the catches.
The stirrups swing lengthwise of the car, and both the catches have their
tapering ends in the same direction or towards that end of the car from which the
stirrups are worked.
The latching and unlatching devices for the swing doors are as follows.
Attached to the outside of the doors are slotted pieces the slots of which are
adapted to receive the notched end of a gravitating lever latch which is pivotted
at or on the underside of the outside sill of the car bed. This notch is on the upper 1
side of the latch; and when the car bed is level it engages with the slot. When tho
car is tilted for dumping, the longer and heavier arm of the lever comes in contact
with the outside sill of the frame of the truck and thus disengages the latch and
sets the doors free.
The draw-bar is of usual form and with the usual spring back of it.
It is attached to the truck and not to the car body and its adjacent parts are as
follows:
A central draft timber extends from end to end of the car and to its end are
bolted blocks upon which rest and slide the draw bar, and the latter works through
a straddle block or yoke on top of which is a hinged platform for the operator to
stand upon when dumping the car; pins or bars projecting above its surface to
brace his feet and to prevent the operator from slipping or being thrown off as the
car dumps; the platform may be raised vertically out of the way when not in use,
by a cord or chain, and when so raised it protects in part the mechanism by which
the dumping is effected and is not in the way of the brakeman in coupling or
uncoupling the cars.
The object of the blocks under the draw bar is mainly to give sufficient elevation
or height to the draw-bar; and it thus incidentally also affords a bed or foundation
for the yoke and thus brings the platform to a proper height for the workman.
The platform being on the truck and not on the car frame or floor, does not tilt
when the car is dumped; the draw bar also being on the truck and not on the car,
is not turned partly over when dumping but preserves always its true position for
coupling, so that if the platform should occupy its raised position and the bodies
of two cars should both be in their tilted positions, yet they could be coupled
together just as easily as if they were not tilted.
The platform may be always kept raised when not in use and held up by any
appropriate cord, chain or latch; and when so raised it partially conceals and
protects the tilting gears or wheels.
The mechanism for lifting and dumping are as follows:
A block is bolted to each of the outside stringers these blocks also resting on the
end beam. The object of these blocks is to afford sufficient height for the fulcrum
of a long lever (one on each block) and which when pulled by the chain which is
fastened to the other end of each lover serves to push up the rocker by means of
the rod or link lover which is pivotted to the rocker and also to the long lever.
Those levers being long and fulcrummed at one oud and operated by the chain at
their other ends, have a powerful leverage to net on the rocker.
This chain is a linked one and it passes from the end of one of the levers up and
around a toothed wheel on the end of the car body thence down and under a
toothed wheel on the axis of the largo gear wheel thenco up and over the toothed
wheel on the car body, and thence downward and crossing itself to the extremity
of the other long lever. It will be understood that the teeth or pins on the small
wheels enter the links of the chain and the chain is taut enough to have both long
levers act in unison, so that when one link is pushing one side of the rocker up the
other one is pulling the opposite side of the rocker down.
A hand crank serves to turn a cog wheel which operates the large gear wheel;
this gear serving to multiply power.
]

page_text: A largo round pin projects upwards from the contral draft timber and into and
through an opening in the metal arch of the rocker.
Small round or conical pins project upwards from the plates on the end beams,
the metal arch being provided with suitable holes to receive them. All these pins
and holes are to prevent any sidewise sliding of the rocker and the smaller ones
also keep the body on the rocker sill in case of concussion during or after dumping.
A piece or block extends centrally on the truck from rocker to rocker, and prevents
endwise shifting of the bed; it is bolted at each end to the draft timber thus giving
the whole strength of both in holding the rocker sill.
Shallow stringers are employed for giving strength to the floor and they are so
located, that when the dumping takes place they may come just inside of or bear
against the inside of the outside sills of the truck and prevent the bed dropping off
the truck. In other words the outside of the stringer would come inside of the
outer sill, which sill would thus form an absoluto barrier against any further
lateral movement of the car body.
All the gears and chain from the main cog wheel are on the outside of the bed
of the car, that is, outside of the end sill or beam.
The draft timber at its ends has its top reduced or cut away and on part of such
reduced surface is secured a metal plate provided with a metal pin or projection
adapted to enter a central holo in the metal arch of the rocker.
The blocks are all placed on a part of these reduced ends, and leave a space
between the blocks and the unreduced portion of the draft timber within which
the rocker works. It will thus be seen that the rockers are positively prevented
from any shifting in a direction lengthwise of the car and the car cannot shift
end wise to the rocker as the latter practically lies between two walls one in front
and one behind it.
The plate carrying tho last named pin or projection is in continuous line with
the two plates carrying the round or conical pins, the three plates constituting the
straight rocker bed.
To make these three plates all in one piece would be objectionable as liable to
be bent or broken and moreover as the projection should be integral with or firmly
connected to the centre of this metal bed it is safer, that is the plato or horizontal
part carrying such pin should not be too long.
The draft timber is firmly bolted through its entire or un-reduced thickness to
the top of the centre bolster thus giving great strength and solidity and contributing
largely to support the load.
In the truck frame are stringers placed inside of the outer sills and between
them and the car centre they are placed against the blocks and are let into the
truck-bolsters and are firmly bolted to and through these bolsters.
At the centre of the car these stringers are of about equal height with the side
sills, but at or near their ends, they are on their top cut away or reduced by an
incline or otherwise sufficiently not to interfere with the requisite rocking or
tilting of the car.
The draft timber instead of being all solid or in one piece may be in two pieces,
one shorter than the other and bolted to the longer one so as to leave at its ends.
the rebates or reduced ends.
J. G. ROLLINS.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings,
Agents.

page_text: I JOHN GUSTAVUS ROLLINS of Old Swan Wharf, Upper Thames Street in the
City of London, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY TIP WAGONS OR SIDE DUMPING CARS A communication
to me from abroad by Matthew van Wormer of Melrose in the State of Massa-
chusetts in the United States of America and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The present improvements relate to a device for holding the car bed in a
horizontal position; to a special combination or arrangement of the drawbar
with the truck and its central draft timber, to the same in relation to a hinged
platform on the truck for the operator; to means for tilting or dumping the
car and to other novelties which will fully appear from the following
description:
Figure 1 represents a side view of a car made in accordance with the present
improyements.
Figure 2 a top view of the truck frame.
Figure 3 a top view of the frame of the car-bed.
Figure 4 an end view of the car body and a cross section of the truck on the
line X, X of Figure 1, and Figures 5 and 5* to 10 are details.
The present improvements are designed more especially for a four wheeled
dumping car.
A is the car body and B the truck.
I will first describe the devices C, C, for holding the car bed in position and their
action; each of them is hung on a pivot or bolt d and is in the form of a stirrup
(see Figure 9) and has a single cross bar ; each is connected substantially as
shown to a short chain or rod ƒ whose other end is connected to a long chain or
rod g. This latter rod or chain serving thus to connect with so that both
stirrups on the same side of the car shall be simultaneously operated by the same
movement of the hand lever h.
These stirrups C, C, are pivotted on the inside of the sill of the car body or
frame and the rods or chains fy also work on the inside of the same sill. D, Darc
fixed catches for the stirrups C, and they are bolted to the truck frame as shown;
that portion which engages with the stirrup when the latter is in its vertical
position tapers or inclines at both sides and at the top, the under sido however
being straight as shown; by these means when the car bed is in a horizontal position
and the hand lever his released or free, the stirrups drop by their own weight to
their vertical positions and in so doing the loop of each stirrup embraces and
receives the portion i of the catch; the car body is thus firmly held to its position
because the stirrups cannot ride off from these catches.
The cross bar e acts as a relief to the stirrup as the car is tilted. The stirrups
being released on one side of the car and the car being tilted the cross bar of the
stirrups on the opposite side of the car strikes in its downward movement against
the inclines on the upper side of the catches D, D, and thus rides down these
inclines and frees the stirrups from the catches.

page_text: The stirrups it will be noticed swing lengthwise of the car and both the catches D
have their tapering ends in the same direction or towards that end of the car from
which the stirrups are worked.
The latching and unlatching devices for the swing doors are as follows:
Attached to the outside of the doors are slotted pieces 7 the slots m of which are
adapted the receive the notched end n of a gravitating lever latch o which is
pivotted at or on the underside of the outside sill o' of the car bed. This notch p
is on the upper side of the latch, and when the car bed is level, it engages with the
slot m.
'
When the car is tilted for dumping the longer and heavier arm of the lever comes
in contact with the outside sill of the frame of the truck and thus disengages the
latch and sets the doors free.
The draw bar g is of usual form and with the usual spring back of it.
It is attached to the truck and not to the car body and its adjacent parts are as
follows:
A central draft timber r extends from end to end of the car and to its ends are
bolted blocks S upon which rest and slide the draw bar, and t is a straddle block or
yoke through which this draw bar works and on top of this yoke t is a hinged
platform u for the operator to stand upon when dumping the car, pins or bars v
projecting above its surface to brace his feet and to prevent the operator from
slipping or being thrown off as the car dumps; the platform may be raised
vertically out of the way when not in use, by a cord or chain w; and when BO
raised it protects in part the mechanism by which the dumping is offected and
is not in the way of the brakeman in coupling or uncoupling the cars.
The object
of the block S is mainly to give sufficient elevation or height to the draw bar, and
it thus incidentally also affords a bed or foundation for the yoke t and thus brings
the platform to a proper height for the workman.
The platform being on the truck and not on the car frame or floor does not tilt.
when the car is dumped; the draw bar also being on the truck and not on the
car, is not turned partly over when dumping, but preserves always its true position
for coupling so that if the platform should occupy its raised position and the
bodies of two of the cars should both be in their tilted positions, yet they could
be coupled together just as easily as if they were not tilted.
The platform may be always kept raised when not in use and held up by any
appropriate cord chain or latch, and when so raised it partially conceals and protects
the tilting gears or wheels.
The mechanism for lifting and dumping is as follows;
A block is bolted (as seen in Figure 4) to each of the outside stringers y and
to the inside stringers & these blocks also resting on the end boam 1. The object of
these blocks is to afford sufficient height for the fulcrum of a long lever 2 (one on
each block) and which when pulled by the chain 3 which is fastened to the other
end of each lever serves to push up the rocker 4 by means of the rod or link
lever 5 which is pivotted to the rocker and also to the long lever 2. Those
levers 2 being long and fulcrummed at one end and operated by the chain at their
other ends have a powerful leverage to act on the rocker.
This chain is a linked one and it passes from the end of one of the levers 2 up
and around a toothed wheel 6 on the end of the car body thence down and
under a toothed wheel 7 on the axis of the large gear wheel 8, thence up and over
the toothed wheel 9 on the car body, and thence downward and crossing itself to
the extremity of the other long lever 2.
It will be understood that the teeth or pins on the small wheels 6, 7 and 9 enter
the links of the chain and the chain is taut enough to have both long levers 2, 2,
act in unison, so that when one link 5 is pushing one side of the rocker up the
other is pulling the opposite side of the rocker down.
A hand crank a³ serves to turn a cog wheel 6' which operates the large gear
wheel 8, this gear serving to multiply power.

page_text: A large round pin projects upwards from the central draft timber r and into
and through an opening in the metal arch 11 of the rocker.
Small round or conical pins 12 project upwards from the plates 13 on the end
beams 1 the metal arch 11 being provided with suitable holes 11° to receive them.
All these pins and holes are to prevent any sidewise sliding of the rocker, and
the smaller ones also keep the body on the rocker sill in case of concussion during
or after dumping.
The shallow stringers 15 (Figures 3 and 4) are for giving strength to the floor
and they are so located that when the dumping takes place they may como just
inside of or bear against the inside of the outside sills of the truck and prevent the
bed dropping off the truck. In other, words the outside of stringer 15 would come
inside of the sill y which sill would thus form an absolute barrier against any
further lateral movement of the car body.
All the gears and chain from the main cog wheel 8 are on the outside of the bed
of the car, that is, outside of the ond sill or beam 1.
The draft timber r at its ends has its top reduced or cut away as seen at r¹ and
on part of such reduced surface is secured the metal plato provided with a metal
pin or projection adapted to enter a central hole in the metal arch 11 of the
rocker. The blocks S, S, are all placed on a part of these roduced ends and leave a
space between the blocks and the unreduced portion of the draft timber within
which the rocker works. It will thus be seen that the rockers are positively
prevented from any shifting in a direction lengthwise of the car and the car cannot
shift end wise to the rocker it practically lies between two walls one in front and
one behind it.
The plate is as seen in continuous line with the two plates 13. 13 the three
plates constituting the straight rocker bed. To make these plates 13 13 and 7³ all
in one piece would be objectionable as liable to be bent or broken and moreover as
the projection should be integral with or firmly connected to the centre of this
metal bed it is safer that this plate or horizontal part should not be too long.
The draft timber r it will be seen is firmly bolted through its entire or unreduced
thickness to the top of the centre bolster a³ (see Figure 7) thus giving great
strength and solidity and contributing largely to support the load.
In the truck frame are stringers 2, %, placed inside of the outer sills y y and
between them and the car centre they are placed against the blocks xx and are
let into the truck bolsters and are firmly bolted to and through these bolsters. At
the centre of the car these stringers are of. about equal height with the side sills y
but at or near their ends they are on their top cut away or reduced by an incline
or otherwise sufficiently not to interfere with the requisito rocking or tilting of
the car.
The draft timber r instead of being all solid or in one piece as shown in Figure 5
may be in two pieces as in Figure 6 ono shorter than the other and bolted to tho
longer one so as to leave at its ends the rebates or reduced ends as at r¹.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In combination the stirrups C, as made with the single cross bar e and
hung on the sills of the car bed to swing in directions lengthwise of the car the
tapering catches D, fixed on the car truck and having their under sides straight
and the connections ƒ and g and hand lever h all substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
2. The combination substantially as shown and described of the central draft
timber r on the truck, the block S, thereon, the draw bar resting on said block,
and the saddle block or yoke t within which the draw bar works, the draft timber
block and yoke being bolted together.
3. In combination the draft timber on the truck block S, yoke t and a
platform u hinged above said yoke as and for the purpose set forth.

page_text: 20
4. In combination with the blocks bolted to the outside sills y of the truck and
resting on its end beam 1 the levers 2, chain 3 link levers 5 rocker 4 and the
system of toothed gears on the car body, the combination operating to tilt the body
by pushing either of the link levers 5 upwards against the rocker.
5. In combination with the rockers of a dump car, the central draft timber r the
truck frame made as described with reduced ends on which the rockers bear,
and with a greater height or thickness, between the rockers as and for the purposes
set forth.
6. In a four wheeled side dumping car, the combination with a centre bolstor a³
of a central draft timber r centrally supported on and bolted at its centre to the
centre of said bolster, said draft timber being at its ends let into and secured to
the rocker bolsters and forming a portion of the bed for the rockers.
7. In combination the levers 2, links 5, chain 3 toothed gears 6 and 9 on the car
body large gear wheel 8 having the toothed gear 7 on its axis and driving gear bª
these parts being arranged for joint operation substantially as and for the purposes
set forth;
'