Improvements in Apparatus for Desiccating and Sterilizing Waste Animal Substances to Obtain Manure and for Extracting Fat therefrom.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 13th June, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 13th Mar., 1891-Accepted, 30th May. 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by F. DE LA CROIX, of the Antwerp Slaughter House,
Antwerp, in the Kingdom of Belgium, Veterinary Surgeon.]
Improvements in Apparatus for Desiccating and Sterilizing Waste
Animal Substances to Obtain Manure and for Extracting Fat
therefrom.
I HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co. Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows
This invention relates to apparatus which is designed to utilize meat unsuitable
for consumption, bodies of animals including those infected with contagious diseases,
bad fish, and in general, any waste of animal origin by transformation, after the
extraction of the fat, into a pulverulent and dry manure, rich in phosphates and
nitrogen, and completely sterilized so that the bacteria have been destroyed.
To subject meat rejected in slaughter houses and the like to the action of steam
for the purpose of utilizing the same is not a new idea. But to utilize its fat and
transform its tissues into a sterilized manure by means of superheated steam,
without giving rise to any emanations and without necessitating the concentration
of a liquor containing almost the whole of the extractive substances, that is to say
to effect a kind of cremation by means of dry steam is the object of the aforesaid
apparatus whereby a great economy and other advantages are realized.
This apparatus comprises a cylinder provided with a double wall into which is
introduced, through an upper opening closed by a cover, the animal refuse including
the bones and in general all the substances of an animal nature which it is desired
to thoroughly sterilize for the destruction of the bacteria and to transform into a dry
manure. This cylinder is in communication at its upper and lower parts with
pipes for conducting superheated steam from a generator. At the centre of the
above-mentioned cylinder which is supported by feet is provided a column perforated
with a great number of holes all over its periphery and closed at its upper part.
This column is in communication with a pipe which enables steam to be admitted
into the same. The cylinder has a double bottom made of a perforated metal
plate upon which is spread a cloth or wire gauze having small meshes.
At the upper part of the said cylinder is placed a safety valve.
Moreover a discharge pipe enables the steam to be let out.
In the bottom of the cylinder terminates a pipe which serves for conducting the
fat from this cylinder into a reservoir.
The aforesaid cylinder is furthermore provided at its lower part with an opening
which is closed by means of a cover and which serves for removing the refuse after
the sterilization and desiccation.
The steam can be admitted between the two walls of this cylinder by means of
the pipe.
All the pipes are provided with cocks enabling the steam to be directed to a
definite point of the said cylinder, and the admission of the steam to be cut off in
case of necessity.
The reservoir above referred to is designed to receive the fat.
It is provided at its upper part with a pipe extending below the furnace of the
generator. Through this pipe the steam and air contained in the apparatus are
discharged.
Another pipe terminating in a rose head enables the introduction of cold water
into the aforesaid reservoir.

page_text: The latter possesses moreover at its upper part a cock through which flows out
the fat which floats upon the water, and at its lower part a purging cock. It is
also provided with a manhole for cleaning.
The operation is effected in the following manner. The cylinder having been
charged with the animal substances to be sterilized and dried, it is closed by means
of its cover, then steam is admitted between the two walls of the cylinder by
opening cocks provided for the purpose.
In this manner the substances are heated prior to the admission of steam to the
interior of the cylinder thereby obviating the formation of a liquor resulting from
the condensation of the steam.
Next the steam admission cocks are opened, the steam at once passes from above
and below and from the centre into the interior of the mass and divides the latter,
whilst at the same time it destroys by its heat the bacteria and melts the fatty
substances, which latter descend to the bottom and filter through the cloth and the
perforated metal plate.
When the steam has acted for a sufficiently long time the outlet cock is opened
and cold water is at the same time admitted through the aforesaid pipe into the
reservoir. At this moment the last traces of melted fat are expelled from the mass
pressed through the cloth and the perforated plate the whole of which constitutes a
kind of filter press, and are passed through a pipe into the reservoir.
This operation having been terminated three of the said cocks are closed and
another cock is opened.
The steam contained in the magma leaves through a pipe and the substances are
dried under the action of the heat due to the steam between the two walls of the
cylinder.
This magma is subsequently removed through the door of the said cylinder.
Finally the product obtained is passed if necessary to an ordinary drying stove
wherein the desiccation is rapidly effected, then to a crushing apparatus and put in
sacks in which it may be sold as aL manure. The fat is put in tins or other
receptacles in order to be utilized for any of the well-known purposes.
Dated this 13th day of June 1890.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Desiccating and Sterilizing Waste
Animal Substances to Obtain Manure and for Extracting Fat
therefrom.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co. Patent Agents
45 Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to apparatus which is designed to utilize meat unsuitable
for consumption, bodies of animals including those infected with contagious
diseases, bad fish, and in general any waste of animal origin, by transformation after
the extraction of the fat, into a pulverulent and dry manure, rich in phosphates and
nitrogen, and completely sterilized so that the bacteria have been destroyed.
To subject meat, rejected in slaughter houses and the like to the action of steam
for the purpose of utilizing the same is not a new idea.
The object of the present invention however is to utilize the fat of such rejected
substances and transform the tissues of the same into a sterilized manure by means
of superheated steam, without giving rise to any emanations and without
necessitating the concentration of a liquor containing almost the whole of the
extractive substances, that is to say to effect a kind of cremation by means of dry
steam whereby a great economy and other advantages are realized.

page_text: This apparatus comprises a cylinder A. provided with a double wall or casing
into which is introduced, through an upper opening, which is ordinarily closed by a
cover C, the animal refuse including the bones and in general all the substances of
an animal nature which it is desired to thoroughly sterilize for the destruction of
the bacteria and to transform into a dry manure. This cylinder A is in com-
munication at its upper and lower ends with pipes or passages a and c for conducting
superheated steam from a generator. At the centre of the above mentioned
cylinder A supported by feet P, is provided a column Al perforated with a great
number of holes all over its periphery and closed at its upper end. The said
column near its upper end is in communication with a pipe b which enables steam
to be admitted into the same. The cylinder A is provided with a false bottom g
which consists of a perforated metal plate upon which is spread a cloth or wire
gauze having small meshes.
At the upper end of the said cylinder A in a discharge pipe e is arranged a
safety-valve S. The said pipe e enables the steam to be let out when desired.
In the bottom of the cylinder A terminates a pipe which serves for conducting
the fat from this cylinder into a reservoir B. The aforesaid cylinder A is moreover
provided near its lower end with an opening O which is closed by means of
a cover and which serves for removing the refuse after the sterilization and
desiccation.
The steam can be admitted between the two walls of this cylinder by means of
the pipe as will be seen from the drawing. All the pipes are provided with cocks
which enable the steam to be directed to a definite point of the said cylinder A and
the admission of the steam to be cut off in case of necessity.
The reservoir B for receiving the fat is provided at its upper end with a pipe h
one part of which extends below the furnace of the generator and through which
pipe the steam and air contained in the apparatus are discharged. Another pipе j
terminating in a rose head i enables the introduction of cold water into the aforesaid
reservoir B. The said reservoir is moreover provided with a cock through which
the fat which floats upon the water is drawn off. A wash out cock and a manhole
are also provided for the purpose of cleaning out the said reservoir.
The operation is effected in the following manner. The cylinder A having been
charged with the animal substances to be sterilized and dried, it is closed by means
of its cover C, steam is then admitted between the two walls of the cylinder by
opening cocks K2 and R3 provided for the purpose.
In this manner the substances are heated prior to the admission of steam to the
interior of the cylinder thereby obviating the formation of a liquor resulting from
the condensation of the steam.
The steam admission cocks R' R and R5 are then opened, the steam at once
passes from above and below and from the centre into the interior of the mass and
divides the latter whilst at the same time it destroys by its heat the bacteria and
melts the fatty substances which latter descend to the bottom y and filters through
the cloth and the perforated metal plate y.
When the steam has acted for a sufficient length of time the outlet cock R is
opened and cold water is at the same time admitted through the aforesaid pipe j
into the reservoir B. At this moment the last traces of melted fat are expelled
from the mass pressed through the cloth and the perforated plate y the whole of
which constitutes a kind of filter press, and are passed through a pipe finto the
reservoir B.
This operation being terminated the cocks R' and R' are closed and a cock Ro
opened.
The steam contained in the magma leaves through a pipe e and the substances
are dried under the action of the heat due to the steam between the two walls of
the cylinder A.
This magma is subsequently removed through the door o of the said cylinder and
the product obtained is passed, if necessary, to an ordinary drying stove wherein
the desiccation is rapidly effected, then to a crushing apparatus and put in sacks in

page_text: which it may be sold as a manure. The fat is put in tuns or other receptacles in
order to be utilized for any of the well known purposes for which it is applicable.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondent I declare that what I claim is:
―:
First. An apparatus having for its object the sterilization and desiccation of
contaminated animal substances especially the flesh and bones of animals slaughtered
on account of contagious disease, without emanations of odours substantially as
hereinbefore described.
Second. The improved apparatus for the extraction of fat contained in the
substances hereinbefore mentioned, the said apparatus being constructed and
arranged substantially as herein before described and shown in the accompanying
drawing.
D
1
151 1
1 1001
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.