AN IMPROVED COMPOUND TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CEMENT, PLASTER, ARTIFICIAL STONE, AND OTHER SIMILAR MATERIALS, ALSO APPLICABLE FOR USE AS FUEL
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to the Reverend Granville Hamilton Forbes, of
Broughton Rectory, in the County of Northampton, for the Inven-
tion of "AN IMPROVED COMPOUND TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
CEMENT, PLASTER, ARTIFICIAL STONE, AND OTHER SIMILAR MATERIALS, ALSO
APPLICABLE FOR USE AS FUEL."
Sealed the 27th May 1873, and dated the 1st April 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Reverend Granville
Hamilton Forbes at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with his Petition, on the 1st April 1873.
I, The Reverend GRANVILLE HAMILTON FORBES, of Broughton
Rectory, in the County of Northampton, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED COMPOUND TO BE USED IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF CEMENT, PLASTER, ARTIFICIAL STONE, AND OTHER SIMILAR
MATERIALS, ALSO APPLICABLE FOR USE AS FUEL," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to a compound of chalk or limestone, tar or
other bituminous matter, vegetable or animal oil, or fat or fatty matter,

page_text: and naphtha, with or without petroleum. I prefer to mix these ingre-
dients in or about in the following proportions, viz. :-One pound of
chalk, three to four ounces of tar, one tablespoonful of naphtha, two table-
spoonsful of vegetable or animal oil (by preference the finest colza oil)
with or without a small quantity of petroleum. The compound thus
formed is burned, and then crushed and finely pulverized; it is then
ready for use, and by the addition of water will form a cement, plaster,
or stone, or it may be used as powder for polishing marble and other
materials.
When the said improved compound is to be used as fuel it is made
into balls, blocks, or bricks of convenient size for domestic or other fire-
places or stoves. The residue left after the combustion of these balls
may be crushed and pulverized, and used for any of the aforesaid
purposes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Reverend Granville Hamilton Forbes in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 1st October 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, The
Reverend GRANVILLE HAMILTON FORBES, of Broughton Rectory, in the
County of Northampton, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Granville Hamilton Forbes, Her special
licence that I, the said Granville Hamilton Forbes, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Granville Hamilton
Forbes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "AN IMPROVED COMPOUND TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CEMENT,
PLASTER, ARTIFICIAL STONE, AND OTHER SIMILAR MATERIALS, ALSO APPLICABLE FOR

page_text: USE AS FUEL," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Granville Hamilton Forbes, my executors, or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Granville Hamilton Forbes, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My said Invention relates to further improvements in the production
of compounds to be used for fuel and for other purposes, described in the
Specification of Letters Patent bearing date the 8th day of March A.D.
1873, No. 835.
In carrying this Invention into practice I proceed as follows :-I
combine chalk or limestone (or any combination of these two substances)
with coal tar, wood tar, peat tar, mineral tar, or pitch, or similar bitu-
minous substance, and vegetable or animal oil, or fat or fatty matter (or
a combination of any or all of them), together with a small quantity of
naphtha, and in some cases with petroleum also. This combination I
effect by either of the methods described in the said former Specification,
that is to say, either by grinding and mixing the materials in a mortar
mill, or by the process of absorption. When the materials are mixed in
a mortar mill the compound is afterwards cut, moulded, or pressed in
the manner described in the said Specification.
The proportions of the chalk or limestone (or a combination of them),
and the tar or pitch or similar bituminous substance (or a combination
of any or all of the same) are from twenty to thirty per cent. (by weight)
of the latter to from seventy to eighty per cent. of the former. The
proportion of the vegetable or animal oil or fat or fatty matter will vary
in different cases from one half pint to seven and a half pints to the
hundredweight of the compound of chalk or limestone and tar or other
bituminous substances. The proportion of naphtha used will also vary
from half a pint to three pints and three quarters to the hundredweight
of the compound. When I use the larger proportion above named of
the vegetable or animal oil I use the smaller proportion named of the

page_text: naphtha. I sometimes use petroleum with the naphtha in the proportion
of one of petroleum to one of naphtha; but the proportion which this
mixture of naphtha and petroleum bears to the whole compound will be
as above specified in the case of the naphtha, namely, from half a pint
to three pints, and three-quarters to one hundredweight of the com-
pound. The oils are mixed with the tar or other bituminous substance
before it is combined with the chalk and other materials.
When the compound is used for the manufacture of cement, plaster,
or artificial stone it is thoroughly burned and afterwards reduced to a
fine powder, and then mixed with water.
In witness whereof, I, the said Granville Hamilton Forbes, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of September,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three.
Witness,
GRANVILLE HAMILTON FORBES. (L.B.)
FRANCES DAWKINS,
Servant,
Broughton Rectory,
Northamptonshire.