The Manufacture of a New or Improved Substance or Product suitable for Use as a Substitute for Vulcanite, Hard Woods, or other Hard Materials, or for other Uses or Purposes for which same may be applicable.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Feb., 1896
Complete Specification Left. 5th Nov., 1896-Accepted, 5th May, 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
The Manufacture of a New or Improved Substance or Product
suitable for Use as a Substitute for Vulcanite, Hard Woods, or
other Hard Materials, or for other Uses or Purposes for which
same may be applicable.
I. HENRY BIRKBECK of 31 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.
Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention (a communication to me from abroad by Pieter Wichers Wierdsma
of Schrans, near Leeuwarden, and Johannes Kuipers of Leeuwarden, Holland) to be
as follows:-
This invention relates to a new or improved substance or product and the
manufacture thereof-suitable for use as a substitute for vulcanite hard woods or
other hard materials or for other uses or purposes for which same may be applicable
and has for its object to utilize certain parts of the potato or similar tubers
particularly the refuse or part of the refuse produced in the manufacture of potato
Hour.
In the manufacture of potato flour from potatoes (for instance in the manner at
present well known and carried on in Holland Germany and elsewhere) after the
flour" has been separated (in any suitable manner as for instance by sifting)
from the mass produced from the potatoes the refuse or part remaining is utilized
or treated in the following manner so as to produce therefrom the new or improved
substance or product according to the present invention as follows:-
This refuse or part remaining after the extraction of the flour will be found to
contain water, peel, and fibre or cellular material; and in the form usually obtained
(viz. in a pulpy mass) is estimated to contain about
The last-named is the material which we have ascertained to contain properties
suitable for being treated and producing the substance according to our present
invention as follows:-
The aforesaid refuse is mixed with water (advantageously a copious supply of
cold water) and stirred well or otherwise agitated to obtain a plastic or pulpy mass
for instance somewhat of a soup-like consistency.
This mass is then submitted to any suitable separating process or action (for
instance sieving) to separate or remove the particles or larger parts that formed
the peel (which latter is waste or may be utilized for any purpose for which it may
be found suitable) this sifting or assorting process or separating action should be
done very carefully so that if possible a minimum (if any) of the peel remains in
the mass.
The mass is now further washed (advantageously with pure cold water) with the
object of removing dirt and bad smell and to make the mass neutral and for these
purposes or any of them any suitable chemical such as an alkali or other material
may be added if required.
This done the mass may now be bleached if desired in any suitable manner or
same may be dyed in any suitable manner and colour desired-and is dried.

page_text: The mass having been thus treated and thoroughly dried is now ground to a very
fine or impalpable powder and this powder or finely ground material if necessary
may now be sifted through a fine sieve (for instance a cloth sieve such as is used in
flour milling) or other suitable means may be employed to obtain a thoroughly fine
powder which should be homogeneous or of a regular degree of fineness throughout.
By this last-named separating (sifting) process if used-every particle of peel that
might not have been removed before the last-named washing process is now removed
for the reason that the peel does not grind up into a fine or impalpable powder like
the rest of the mass.
The powder thus obtained is now ready for moulding under pressure into any
suitable articles forms or shapes or same may be moulded or formed under pressure
into sheets or blocks or other forms which can afterwards be cut carved turned or
worked in any suitable manner into any suitable article or shape and the aforesaid
moulding can be done by simply pressing this powder under great pressure without
moistening same or mixing with any other solid or liquid material or materials (unless
desired) as it has been found that the powder will under sufficient pressure form a
cohesive solid mass.
3000
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
The Manufacture of a New or Improved Substance or Product
suitable for Use as a Substitute for Vulcanite, Hard Woods, or
other Hard Materials, or for other Uses or Purposes for which
same may be applicable.
I, HENRY BIRKBECK of 31, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.
Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents do hereby declare the nature of
this invention (a communication to me from abroad by Pieter Wichers Wierdsma
of Schrans, near Leeuwarden, and Johannes Kuipers of Leeuwarden, Holland) and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a new or improved substance or product-and the
manufacture thereof-suitable for use as a substitute for vulcanite, hard woods, or
other hard materials or for other uses or purposes for which same may be applicable
and has for its object to utilise certain parts of the potato or similar tubers particularly
the refuse or part of the refuse produced in the manufacture of various products from
potatoes or similar tubers.
In the manufacture of potato flour from potatoes (for instance in the inanner at
present well known and carried on in Holland Germany and elsewhere) after the
"flour" has been separated (in any suitable manner as for instance by sifting) from
the mass produced from the potatoes, the refuse or part remaining is utilised or
treated in the following manner so as to produce therefrom the new or improved
substance or product according to the present invention as follows:-
This refuse or part remaining after the extraction of the flour will be found to
contain water, peel, and fibre or cellular material and in the form usually obtained
(cz. in a pulpy mass) is estimated to contain about :-

page_text: washing bleaching and drying it then grinding it into powder sifting it and moulding
said powder under pressure substantially as described.
3. The process of forming a substance from the herein before described refuse
which consists in mixing the said refuse with water passing it through a sieve
washing adding an alkali and drying the mass then grinding it into powder and
moulding said powder under pressure substantially as described.
4. The process of forming a substance from the hereinbefore described refuse
which consists in mixing the said refuse with water passing it through a sieve
washing bleaching adding an alkali and drying the mass then grinding it into
powder sifting it and moulding said powder under pressure substantially as described.
5. A new article of manufacture or substance composed from the hereinbefore
described refuse which refuse is washed treated dried and reduced to a powder
and such powder moulded under pressure into any suitable shape substantially as
set forth.
6. As a new article of manufacture a hard substance formed from a powder made
from the herein before described refuse substantially as described.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant."

page_text: The last-named is the material which is utilised according to the present invention
as follows:-
The aforesaid refuse is mixed with water (advantageously a copious supply of cold
water) and stirred well or otherwise agitated to obtain a plastic or pulpy mass for
instance somewhat of a paste-like consistency-the supply of added water being
sufficient to allow the whole mass to be sieved or strained or submitted to any suitable
separating process or action to separate or remove the particles or larger parts that
formed the peel (which latter is waste or may be utilised for any purpose for which it
may be found suitable) and this sifting or assorting process or separating action
should be done very carefully so that if possible a minimum (if any) of the peel
remains in the mass.
The mass is now further washed (advantageously with pure cold water) with the
object of removing dirt and bad smell and to make the mass neutral any suitable
chemical such as an alkali or other material may be added if required for the above or
any other desired purpose or purposes.
This done the mass may now be bleached if desired in any suitable manner or same
may be dyed in any suitable manner and colour desired and is well dried in any
suitable manner for instance by spreading the mass on shallow trays in a heated
chamber.
The mass having been thus treated and thoroughly dried is now reduced (by
grinding or otherwise) to a very fine or impalpable powder and this powder or finely
ground material if necessary may now be sifted through a fine sieve (for instance a
cloth sieve such as is used in flour milling) or other suitable means may be employed
to obtain a thoroughly fine powder which should be homogeneous or of a regular degree
of fineness throughout.
The powder thus obtained is according to this invention now moulded under pressure
into any suitable articles forms or shapes or same may be moulded or formed under
pressure into sheets or blocks or other forms which can afterwards be cut carved
turned or worked in any suitable manner into any suitable article or shape and the
aforesaid moulding can be done by simply pressing this powder under sufficient
pressure whereupon same will form a cohesive solid mass.
If desired other material or materials may be added to the substance produced as
hereinbefore described for instance any suitable material for waterproofing purposes
may be added in suitable quantities either in the dry state or in solution and same
may be added at any convenient stage or stages in the herein described process.
In practice it has been found that the mould may be heated with advantage during
the moulding of the powder and this heating may be effected by jacketing the mould
and passing steam or hot water therethrough while pressing and this arrangement has
the further advantage that this jacket can be used in order to cool the moulded article
before removing same from the mould by cutting off the steam or hot water and then
passing cold water through said jacket.
If required a little moisture can be added to the powder before moulding or during
moulding without departing from the true nature of the present invention.
It is possible and indeed probable that some of the flour (potato flour) remains in
the refuse which is treated as above and in such case would be utilised by this
invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The manufacture of a hard substance for the purposes specified by the process
of washing the herein before described refuse then sieving or otherwise separating
the coarser particles from the mass then washing drying and reducing the latter to
powder and moulding such powder under pressure into the desired shape substantially
as set forth.
2. The process of forming a substance from the hereinbefore described refuse
which consists in mixing the said refuse with water passing it through a sieve