IMPROVEMENTS IN VESSELS OR RESERVOIRS FOR CONTAINING AND FORCING LIQUID, FLUID OR SEMI- FLUID SUBSTANCES
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
"
We, DAVID LLOYD, of 34 Princes Road, Notting Hill, Mechanic, and SIDNEY.
BURGE, of 9 Frankfort Terrace, Harrow Road, Boot Maker, both in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of our invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN VESSELS OR RESERVOIRS FOR CONTAINING AND FORCING LIQUID, FLUID OR SEMI-
FLUID SUBSTANCES" to be as follows:-
The object of our invention is to provide a vessel or reservoir for holding or
storing liquid, fluid or semi-fluid substances, and which at the same time contains
suitable means for forcing such substances to any desired height or distance na
required.
It consists essentially of a case of cylindrical or other suitable form, within
which works a piston provided with suitable packing to ensure an air-tight joint
between its periphery and the inner surface of the case. A piston rod projects
upwards from the top surface of the piston, and is provided with a longitudinal.
rack on one edge, such rack extending from near the bottom end of the rod to the
outside of the upper end of the case when the piston is in its lowest position in
the latter. A small shaft is mounted in bearings outside at the top of the case,
and carries a wheel or pinion which engages with the teeth of the rack on tho
piston rod, the end of the shaft being fitted with a suitable key, or a crank or other
suitable handle, by turning which the piston is raised. Surrounding the piston.
rod a helical or other suitable spring is arranged, its lower end bearing on the
upper surface of the piston, and its upper end bearing against the inner surface of
the top cover of the case.
The caso is closed at the bottom, and near the bottom two or more cocks or
valves are provided, one or more of which is or are.connected with the supply of
substance to be stored in the case, and the other or others communicate with the
place at which such substance is to be delivered.
The operation of the apparatus is as follows:-
The cock or valve connected with the supply is first opened, and that connected
with the discharge closed, when by turning the shaft at the upper end ita
wheel or pinion gearing with the teeth of the rack on the piston rod, will cause
the piston to be raised in the case, thereby compressing the spring between the
piston and the top cover of the case. To facilitate the raising of the piston a pawl

page_text: or catch is preferably arranged to engage with the teeth of the rack or of the
pinion on the shaft, or with a ratchet wheel mounted on such shaft. As the piston
rises in the case the substance to be stored will enter by the supply valve into the
case, occupying the space below the piston therein, it being understood that the
source of supply must be open to atmosperic or other pressure.
When as much of the substance as is required has entered into the reservoir the
supply valve is closed, and the substance is thus stored therein until it is desired
to deliver it to any suitable height or distance, which can be readily effected by
opening the discharge valve (the supply valve being still kept closed), and then
disengaging the pawl or catch from the wheel or pinion, or the rack, so that the
pressure exerted by the compressed spring upon the piston will cause the latter by
acting on the upper surface of the contents of the case, to force such contents
through the discharge valve, and pass through suitable pipes or tubes to the place
where it is required
By disconnecting the supply and discharge pipes or tubes from their respective
cocks or valves, the apparatus whether full or empty may be readily transported
from one place to another.
Instead of employing two or more cocks or valves, one valve only may be
employed, in which case such valve would be connected with the source of supply
when desired to store the substance in the vessel or reservoir, and with the
discharge when desired to discharge the substance therefrom.
Instead of the rack-and-pinion,-a-cord-or-chain having one end attached to the
piston and the other to the shaft, might be employed and the piston raised by
causing such cord or chain to be wound round the shaft.
Instead of using the helical or other spring (or in combination therewith) air
may be compressed between the top of the piston and the cover of the case, during
the up-stroke of the piston, and by its expansion effect the expulsion of the
substance stored when the discharge valve is opened; or (when used in conjunction
with the spring) aid-the spring in effecting the same. In this arrangement an air-
tight cover or sleeve must be secured on the top of the case over the opening
through-which-the-piston-rod-passes,.and_be_of_sufficient length to cover such rod
when the piston is at the limit of its upward stroke. The bearing of that end-of
the shaft, carrying the wheel or pinion in gear with the rack, to which the power
is applied for raising the piston, would have to be packed to form an air-tight joint,
and a ratchet wheel would be fitted on such shaft outside the bearing, the pawl or
catch for facilitating the raising of the piston being arranged to engage with such
ratchet wheel, instead of with the wheel or pinion gearing with the rack, or with
the rack itself
An air cock or valve is arranged to communicate with the space between the
cover of the case and the piston when at the top of its stroke, so that the degree
of compression to which the air is subjected may be controlled as desired, the action
of such valve being made either automatic by loading it to open at a certain
pressure, or by otherwise opening and closing it automatically at a given point in
the stroke of the piston, or such valve may be opened and closed by hand.
The rack may be marked with suitable divisions to indicate the amount of
substance contained in and discharged from the vessel.or reservoir, or any other
suitable means may be employed for indicating the same.
"

page_text: COMPLETE
DIECIFICATION.
We, DAVID LLOYD, of 34 Princes Road, Notting Hill, Mechanic, and SIDNEY
BURGE, of 9 Frankfort Terrace, Harrow Road, Boot Maker, both in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of our invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN VESSELS OR RESERVOIRS FOR CONTAINING AND FORCING LIQUID, FLUID OR
SEMI-FLUID SUBSTANCES," and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
The object of the invention is to provide a vessol or reservoir for holding or
storing liquid, fluid or semi-fluid substances, and which at the same time contains
suitable means for forcing such substances to any desired height or distance as
required.
The accompanying drawings illustrate the improved vessel or reservoir, Fig. 1
being a vertical section showing the apparatus before being charged; Fig. 2 a
section taken at right angles to Fig. 1, and showing the apparatus charged and
ready for delivering the contents to any desired height or distance; and Fig. 3
shows a modification of the improved apparatus.
The invention consists essentially of a case A of cylindrical or other suitable
form, within which works a piston B provided with suitable packing to ensure an
air-tight joint between its periphery and the inner surface of the case A. A piston
rod D projects upwards from the top surface of the piston B, and is provided with
a longitudinal rack E on one edge, such rack extending from near the bottom end
of the rod to the outside of the upper end of the case A, when the piston is in its
lowest position in the latter. A small shaft F is mounted in bearings outside at
the top of the case A, and carries a wheel or pinion G which engagos with the
teeth of the rack E on the piston rod D, the end of the shaft being fitted with a
suitable key, or a crank or other suitable handle H, by turning which the piston is
raised. Surrounding the piston rod a helical or other suitablo spring I is arranged,
its lower end bearing on the upper surface of the piston, and its upper end bearing
against the inner surface of the top cover of the case A.
The case is closed at the bottom, and near the bottom two or more cocks or
valves J and Jare provided, one or more of which is or are connected with the
supply of substance to be stored in the case, and the other or others communicate
with the place at which such substance is to be delivered.
The operation of the apparatus is as follows:--
The cock or valve J connected with the supply is first opened, and the
cock or valve J connected with the discharge is closed, when by turning the
shaft F at the upper end, its wheel or pinion G gearing with the teeth of the
rack E on the piston rod D, will cause the piston B to be raised in the case A,
thereby compressing the spring I between the piston and the top cover of the case.
To facilitate the raising of the piston a pawl or catch K is preferably arranged to
engage with. the teeth of the rack or of the pinion on the shaft F, or with a ratchet

page_text: wheel mounted on such shaft. As the piston B rises in the case A the substance
to be stored will enter by the supply valve into the case, occupying the space
below the piston therein, it being understood that the source of supply must be
open to atmospheric or other pressure. When it is desired to store gaseous or
other substances which are already under sufficient pressure to raise the piston in
the case A, it will only be necessary to connect the valve J with the source of
supply, whereby the spring I will be compressed by the ascent of the piston
without having to actuate the shaft F.
When as much of the substance as is required has entered into the reservoir A,
the supply valve J is closed, and the substance is thus stored therein until it is
desired to deliver it to any suitable height or distance, which can be readily
effected by opening the discharge valve J' (the supply valve being still kept closed),
and then disengaging the pawl or catch K from the wheel or pinion, or the rack,
so that the pressure exerted by the compressed spring I upon the piston B, will
cause the latter by acting on the upper surface of the contents of the case, to forco
Buch contents through the discharge valve J, and pass through suitable pipes or
tubes to the place where it is required.
By disconnecting the supply and discharge pipes or tubes from their respective
cocks or valves J and J, the apparatus whether full or empty may be readily
transported from one place to another.
Instead of employing two or more cocks or valves, one valve only may be
employed, in which case such valve would-be connected-with-the-source-of-supply-
when desired to store the substance in the vessel or reservoir, and with the
discharge when desired to discharge the substance therefrom.
Instead of the rack and pinion, a cord or chain having one end attached to the
piston B and the other to the shaft F, might be employed, and the piston raised by
causing such cord or chain to be wound round the shaft or upon a drum mounted
thereon.
--
Instead of arranging the spring I within the case A as shown, it might be
arranged above the same, and a trunk piston or plunger would then be employed
working through the top-of-the-case, which-would-have to-bo-provided with
suitable packing to form an air-tight joint between it and the periphery of the
piston or plunger. The upper end of the spring in this arrangement will bear
against a fixed abutment supported at a suitable height above the top of the case.
Instead of using the helical or other spring I (or in combination therewith, as
shown in Fig. 3) air may be compressed between the top of the piston and the
cover of the case, during the up-stroke of the piston B, and by its expansion effect
the expulsion of the substance stored when the discharge valve J¹ is opened; or
(when used in conjunction with the spring) aid the spring in effecting the same.
In this arrangement an air-tight cover or sleeve L must be secured on the top of
the case A over the opening through which the piston rod D passes, and be of
sufficient length to cover such rod when the piston is at the limit of its upward
stroke. The bearing of that end of the shaft F to which the power is applied for
raising the piston, would have to pass through a gland M so as to form an air-
tight joint, and a ratchet wheel N would be fitted on such shaft outside the
bearing or gland M, the pawl or catch K for facilitating the raising of the piston
being arranged to engage with such ratchet wheel, instead of with the wheel or
pinion G gearing with the rack E, or with the rack itself.
An air cock or valve P is arranged to communicate with the space between the
cover of the case A and the piston B when at the top of its stroke, so that the
degree of compression to which the air is subjected may be controlled as desired,
the action of such valve being made either automatic by loading it to open at a
certain pressure, or by otherwise opening and closing it automatically at a given
point in the stroke of the piston, or such valve may be opened and closed by hand.
The rack E may be marked with suitable divisions (as shown in Fig. 1) to indicate
the amount of substance contained in and discharged from the vessel or reservoir,
or any other suitable means may be employed for indicating the same.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
The improved vessel or reservoir for containing liquid, fluid or semi-fluid
substances and delivering the same to any required height or distance as desired,
such apparatus consisting in a case A in which a suitable piston B is caused to
rise while charging the apparatus, and which piston during its ascent compresses a
spring or a volume of air, or both, above it, the compressed spring or air afterwards
serving to cause the piston to descend in the case A, and by acting upon the upper
surface of the substance stored, cause such substance to be delivered to the required
height or distance, the case A being provided near the botton with suitable cocks
or valves J, J', for controlling the supply and delivery of the substance, all
substantially as described and shown.