Improvements in Locks and Bolts for Fastening Doors, Gates, and for similar purposes.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Dec., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 16th Oct., 1894-Accepted, 16th Mar., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Locks and Bolts for Fastening Doors, Gates, and
for similar purposes.
I JABEZ WEDDERBURN Engineer of 130 Hill Street, High Street Peckham
London S.E. do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved combination lock and bolt which is
intended to replace the ordinary fastenings for stable and other doors, gates, and
the like.
The fastening consists of a flat or round metal bolt sliding in a suitable casing
and capable of being operated from one or both sides of the door. About the
middle of the bolt a portion of the metal is cut away so as to leave a gap or recess
which forms a segment of a circle a portion of the metal being left so as to form a
hook or nose on that side of the segment which is nearest the hasp into which the
end of the bolt shoots. Within a recess formed in the bolt plate is placed a pear
shaped locking can which, when the bolt is shot, can be turned upon the spindle so
that the pointed end engages with the nose or projection on the cut away portion
of the bolt and opposes the withdrawal or return motion of the same.
The locking
can can be turned by any ordinary key or by a specially constructed one but for
inside use the key may be dispensed with and the can turned by a pin or stud
which projects through a slot in the lock plate such slot being concentric with the
axis of the can.
The locking effect in this device is due to the fact that the radius of the circle
described by the locking can differs from the radius of the segment cut out of the
bolt so that any attempt to shoot the latter produces a wedging action.
To prevent the locking can from falling of its own weight a spiral packing
spring is introduced around its axis or any other equivalent may be used instead.
Dated this 16th day of December 1893.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Locks and Bolts for Fastening Doors, Gates, and
for similar purposes.
1 JABEZ WEDDERBURN, Engineer of 130, Hill Street, High Street, Peckham,
London S.E. do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improved combination lock and bolt which is
intended to replace the ordinary fastenings for stable and other doors, gates and
the like.
The fastening consists of a flat or round metal bolt sliding in a suitable casing
and capable of being operated from one or both sides of the door; which bolt after
being "shot" or "drawn by the hand can be securely locked or be used only as
a bolt
2

page_text: In order that; my combined lock and bolt may be clearly understood there is
annexed hereto two sheets of drawings illustrative thereof, upon which
Fig. 1 is a front elevational view of the back plate and bolt locking mechanism
(the bolt & face plate of lock being removed).
Fig. 2 is a front elevational view of the sliding bolt ;
Figs. 3 and 3 respectively a front elevational view and end view of the face
jate of lock;
Fig. 4 is a front view of the whole put together; and
Fig. 5 is a view in plan of the lock bolt shewn affixed to a door.
Fig. 6 is a face view of the handle escutcheon, and
Fig. 7. a perspective view of the staple of the bolt fastening.
Fig. 8 is a sectional end view of the back plate of the device shewing therein
the key pin and locking cam provided with a small spiral spring for giving
sufficient pressure to prevent the locking cam from falling of its own weight. The
cam and key pin with spring are also shewn separately in this figure.
Figs. 9 and 10 are respectively an elevation and a plan of a modified construction
of locking bolt suitable for affixing to the inside of door, and in which the. bolt
may be locked either from the outside or inside.
Fig. 11 is a front elevational view of a locking bolt with the key hole plate
removed and which may be locked either in the drawn or "shot" position. The
screw holes for fixing the device to the door are in this arrangement peculiarly
arranged to prevent the bolt being unscrewed from the door after the bolt is
locked.
Figs. 12 and 13 are sectional plan views of the bolt particularly illustrative of
the arrangement of screw holes.
Fig. 14 shews the application of a locking means to a draw bolt for light cases,
such as shop fittings, book cases, and the like.
Similar letters of reference indicate like parts throughout the figures.
Now, referring particularly to Figs. 1, 2, 3, 34, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, a is the
backplate of the bolt bare boxing staples, in which the bolt slides.
c. is the
bolt, which in these figures is shewn flat but which of course may be circular or
otherwise as desired. Thickness pieces d are formed on plate a.equal to the
thickness of the bolt c to form a recess to receive the locking came and to bolt
thereto the face plate f. a' is a slot in the plate a-equal to the distance of the
shoot of the bolt c. and as is a like slot in the handle escutcheon 9 (shewn separately
in Fig. 6) a arc counter-sunk screw holes in back plate a and fastening staple h
shewn separately in Fig. 7, which screw holes are covered by the bolt when the
latter is "shot," and hence is prevented the possibility of the device being removed'
after locking the bolt.
The keyhole piece of face plate is hollowed to allow for, and admit
that, after the key has been inserted, and the cam e turned to lock the bolt
(as indicated in Fig. 4) the key may be raised from the ward rings i on the
boss of cam e, and be turned so that the key may be withdrawn (Figs. 3, 3
and 5 particularly illustrate the construction of the keyhole piece referred to).
About the middle of the bolt c a portion of the metal is cut away so as to leave a
gap or recess cl which forms a segment of a circle, a portion of the metal being
left so as to form a 'hook or nose with which engages the pointed end of the locking
cam e, when the latter is turned into its locking position (see dotted lines Fig. 4)
and thus prevents or opposes the withdrawal or return motion of the bolt. To
prevent the locking cam falling of its own weight a spiral packing spring, see k Fig. 8,
may be introduced around the key pin l.which is received in a suitable hollow or
recess e¹ formned in the cam e, so as to give pressure and set position to the cam
when turned to locked or open position. In Fig. 1, however the flat finger
spring m is shewn to serve this purpose of retention of the cam lock device.
a projection or knob formed upon the bolt e to facilitate its operation; o being a
handle screwed into the bolt from the inside of door to permit of the bolt being
operated from that side. The security of the bolt when locked is perfectly
22 18

page_text: assured, the fixing screws through holes a³ being only accessible when the bolt is
withdrawn. The bolt moreover is only separable from its back plate a and
boxings when the handle is unscrewed from the bolt. Thus, when fixing
Screw on to the door the back plate a, then cut a horizontal slot in the wood of
the door corresponding with the openings a¹ in the plate a and a in the handle
escutcheong and slide in the bolt until the handle can be passed through the slot
in door and be screwed in the bolt as shewn in Fig. 5. The bolt will now
cover the attaching screws and the fastening cannot be tampered with in any way
from the outside. The same is equally to be said of the staple as will readily be
seen on reference to the drawings.
Figs. 9 and 10, as aforesaid, illustrate a locking bolt suitable for fixing to the
inside of a door, and capable of being locked and unlocked either from the inside
or outside. A suitably shaped aperture is made in the wood of the door to admit
the projecting keyhole piece which will have its end flush with the outside of
door. To operate the lock device from the inside I have the cup piece p-attached
to the cover plate of the lock bolt. In this cap piece p there is a curved slot pl.
A knob with a spindle passing through the curved slot and through a flat disc
placed inside the cover plate and screwed into the metal of the locking cam permits
of the bolt being locked in its shot position from the inside of the door without
using the key, and even if the key were turned outside a person inside could release
himself by turning the knob
9.
Fig. 11 represents a further modification of somewhat simpler form. The whole
device is screwed on the door with the bolt in its drawn position. The holes for
the fastening screws a³ are drilled in the plate a. Holes a corresponding with the
holes a are made in the bolt c, and further holes a are made in the boxings band
staple h. Of course the holes at and a³ will be large enough to allow the attaching
screws to pass through & find seating for the heads thereof in the countersunk
holes a in plate a.
This bolt, as shewn, has not a handle on the inside, but it can
be shot or drawn by hand from the outside. It is provided with a locking device
which can be locked when the bolt has been shot, or when not required to be used,
that is either in its open or closed position. When the bolt is shot the attachment
screws are hidden. Figs. 12 and 13 clearly illustrate the arrangement of screw
holes. Fig. 12 in sectional plan shews the bolt drawn and Fig. 13 in similar view
shews the bolt shot. The bolt may be locked in either of these positions by the
action of a key upon the bar q which may be made to engage with either of the
notches suitably cut in bottom edge of the bolt c (Fig. 12).
In
In Fig. 14 is shewn the application of a locking device to a draw bolt for light
cases such as shop fittings, or mortice bolts for doors. In applying this device the
recess for the reception of the bolt is to be drilled out to form a circular mortice
and a keyhole saw cut will be then made to allow for the lock part.
this figure represents the lock part to the bottom of which is affixed the
cylinder in which slides the bolt c. n is the actuating knob, g the escutcheon
with slot therein to permit of the requisite travel of actuating knob n, a
corresponding slot, of course, being made in the cylinder t. u is a notch formed in
the sliding bolt c into which the bar from locks engages when the key is turned.
It is obvious that the device can be used either as a sliding bolt or a lock as may
be desired.
In the accompanying drawings the actuating handles are shewn fixed but of
course swing or drop handles may be employed if preferred.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. In combination with draw bolts as set forth a locking means operated by
a key to fix the bolt in the position to which it has been placed as and for the
purpose specified.

page_text: Second. The combination with the key pin rivetted to back plate a & carrying
locking cam e, of the spiral packing spring k arranged. and operating substantially
as and for the purpose described and shown.
1
100
J. WEDDERBURN.
Walter A. Barlow,
7, John Street, W.C.