Improvements in Studs, Solitaires, and similar Articles.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 16th June, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 16th Mar., 1894-Accepted, 21st Apr., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Studs, Solitaires, and similar Articles.
1 JEAN NADAL of 6 Rue Notre Dame de Nazareth, Paris, France, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows
―
This invention relates to that class of solitaire in which the back is formed of
hinged wings or flaps, which are opened and closed by means of gear wheels on
turning the head, and the invention consists in novel means for opening and closing
the flaps.
In carrying out my invention, I form the head of two parts, oue fixed to the stem,
and the other rotatable on the fixed part.
The wings or flaps are hinged to the stem, and are opened by the action of a cross
bar attached to the end of a rod or pin projecting from the rotating head through
the stem.
Each wing or flap is provided on either side of the centre with a projection,
or flange, having an inclined face, against which, as the head is turned against
the resistance of the cuff on the stem, the cross bar strikes, and tips the flaps, thus
closing them.
If desired, I may place upon each hinge a spiral spring, which will assist in
opening the flaps.
By my improved arrangement, when the cross bar is parallel with the hinges,
I can open or close the flaps by hand, a matter of convenience under certain
circumstances.
Dated this 16th day of June 1893.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Studs, Solitaires, and similar Articles.
I JEAN NADAL of 6 Rue Notre Dame de Nazareth, Paris, France, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to that class of solitaire in which the back is formed of
hinged wings or flaps, which are opened and closed by means of gear wheels on
turning the head, and the invention consists in novel means for opening and closing
the flaps or wings.
In carrying out my invention, I form the head of two parts, one fixed to the stem,
shank, or pillar, and the other rotatable on the fixed part.
The wings or flaps are hinged to the stem, shank, or pillar, and are opened by
the action of a cross bar attached to the end of a rod or pin projecting from the
rotating head through the stem.
Each wing or flap is provided, on either side of the centre, with a projection or
flange having an inclined face, against which, as the head is turned against the
resistance of the cuff on the stem, shank, or pillar, the cross bar strikes and tips the
flaps or wings, thus closing them.
.
If desired, I may place upon each hinge a spiral spring, or make use of a flat or
other spring, which will assist in opening the flaps or wings.
By my improved arrangement, when the cross bar is parallel with the hinges,
LD

page_text: "
1 can open or close the flaps by hand, a matter of convenience under certain
circumstances.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 represents a side elevation of. a solitaire, shewing the broad side of the
pillar or shank, the back wings being expanded, and
Fig. 2 is a back view of the solitaire with the wings expanded.
Fig. 3 is an elevation at right angles to Fig. 1, shewing the narrow side of the
shank; and
Fig. 4 is a plan view of the head.
Fig. 5 is a partial sectional elevation of the stud, shewing the back wings folded
in line with the shank or pillar.
:
Fig. 6 is a section taken at right angles to Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a horizontal section on line 1. 2, Fig. 5.
Fig. 8 is a section, and
Fig. 9 an inside face view, of one wing of the folding back, detached.
Fig. 10 shews a detached view of a T-piece employed for expanding and closing
the folding back.
Fig. 11 shews a plan of the spring employed for locking the wings of the back
either in their expanded or closed position.
Fig. 12 is a side elevation of a stud, in which is indicated a separate spring for
each wing of the back.
Figs. 13, 14, and 15, shew the application to the stud of various forms of springs.
Fig. 16 is an elevation at right angles to Fig. 15.
Fig. 17 is a vertical section of a modification taken through the full breadth of
the pillar; and
Fig. 18 is a similar section, taken at right angles thereto.
Fig. 19 is a vertical section taken through the full breadth of the same pillar,
with the two wings of the back folded.
Fig. 20 is a detached view of a bar mounted in the hollow pillar, to form a
bearing for a T-piece, and springs for operating the folding back.
Fig. 21 shews a disc or plate provided with projections or cams for retaining the
pillar in the desired position relatively to the head of the stud, when the back is
expanded.
Fig. 22 shews a spring which is inserted between the head of the stud and the
studded plate.
Fig. 23 is an underside plan of the head and pillar, shewing the aperture for the
passage of the piece and for engaging the studs on the plate.
Referring to Figs. 1 to 11, the stud is composed of the head j, the back, made of
two semicircular wings d d, and hinged to the pillar b, which is formed in one with
the disc a. The pillar, as will be seen, is of oval form in cross section, to conform
as near as possible to the shape of the button-hole, and it is provided at the end
opposite to disc a, with ears, luge, or extensions f, in which the pivots c, on heels e*
of the two semicircular wings, à d, constituting the back, are mounted.
g is the shark of a T-piece, which is received within the pillar b, and passes
through a spring h, which is compressed between the head; and the disc a, and
through the head j, to which it is keyed by being flattened at i, and fitting in a
corresponding hole in j, so as to prevent the two parts from turning independently
of one another. The shank g is secured in the head ; by a fork k, slipped in
notches made in the end i of the shank, or a cross-pin passing through the end of
the shank may be employed.
In using the stud, the head ; is rotated upon the pillar b, for the purpose of
expanding or closing the wings d d, when the stud' is to be secured in position on
the cuff, or to allow of their being passed through the button hole, when inserting
or removing the stud.
In order to operate the folding back
turned in either direction), the knuckle
a central aperture l, for the shank g to
by means of the T-piece (which may be
of the hinge of the wings is formed with
pass through, and the knuckle is cut away

page_text: at m m, to form helicoidal surfaces, with which the arms nn constituting the head
of the T-piece come in contact, as the T-piece is rotated, so as to cause the
wings d d to gradually close one on the other, until they meet and form virtually a
continuation of the pillar b. When the wings are in this position, the arms n n
bear upon the flat surface of the projecting portion o (Fig. 8) of the knuckle, and,
by the pressure of the spring h, retain the wings in this position (see Fig. 6). By
reversing the action, or by continuing to rotate the head j, the arms n will be
disengaged from the shoulders o, and in passing over the inclined surfaces m, will
open out or expand the wings d. When the T-piece is turned so that its arms n n
occupy a position at right angles to the hinges, the arms enter a recess or notch p
in the face of each wing d, and are thus locked, so as to hold the wings open. The
resistance necessary to hold the shank or pillar, when turning the head of the stud,
is afforded by the button hole.
Figs. 12 to 16 represent a modified arrangement in which the wings forming the
back of the stud are caused to close one on the other, and retained in that position
by means of springs contained within the pillar b. Whatever kind of spring be
employed, it must not in any way prevent the insertion, or impede the action of
the T-piece, which serves to close and expand the wings, as before.
In Fig. 12, two steel wire springs are shewn mounted within the pillar, towards
either side thereof, so as not to interfere with the hinge or T-piece.
In Fig. 13, each wing is provided with a spiral spring, disposed one on each side
of the T-piece, the ends of the springs extending so as to bear on the wings d, with
a tendency to close them one on the other.
In Fig. 14, two springs are shown, bearing at their ends against tail pieces tt,
formed on the knuckles of the hinges of the wings.
Figs. 15 and 16 shew other forms of springs acting on the wings with the same
effect as those shown in the preceding figures.
The employment of the springs just described, it will be understood, is optional.
When they are not used, the wings may be closed one on the other, by simply
drawing them through the button hole after the T-piece has been placed parallel
with the hinge. Instead of each wing being separately hinged, the hinge by which
they are connected to the pillar may be common to both.
In the modification represented in Figs. 17 to 23, the pillar is hollow, and
provided with a cross bar u, forming a beating for the T-piece, which passes
through a central aperture therein (see Fig. 20), and is supported upon said cross
bar by a collar x. rrare the springs for acting on the hinged wings d d. The
head of the stud is recessed to receive a spring and plate y, as before, the plate
being provided with cams or studs, said plate having a square aperture through
which a squared part of rod g passes, so that the two turn together. The spring h
has a round aperture w (see Fig. 22), and is therefore independent of the
T-piece.
When the wings d d are expanded, as in Figs. 17 and 18, the studs z are forced
into the recess in the pillar by the spring h, so as to lock the wings in that
position.
When the wings are to be closed together, as in Fig. 19, the head of the solitaire
or stud is given a quarter turn, whereby the projections are moved away from
the recess, compressing the spring, and bearing against the underside of the disc a
of the pillar. In this position, the head of the T-piece is parallel with the hinges
of the wings, which are brought to the position shewn in Fig. 19.
whose
The plate y and spring may be dispensed with, in which case, springs r,
ends bear against a squared part of the T-piece, and serve as stops for each of the
two positions of the T-piece, may be employed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. In a solitaire or stud whose back consists of two hinged portions or wings

page_text: capable of being opened or expanded, and of being closed or folded the one against
the other, by turning the head of the solitaire or stud, the combination, with the
hinged wings d, formed with the helicoidal inclines m and a flat or projecting
portion o, of a T-piece serving to open and close the wings and hold them in the
opened and closed positions, and provided with a spring substantially as
specified.
2nd. The combination with a solitaire or stud constructed substantially as
described in Claim 1, of the springs tending to retain the wings in their closed
position, as and for the purpose specified.
3rd. A solitaire or stud constructed substantially as described with reference to
Figures 17 to 23, and provided with locking plate y having projections or cams =
adapted to enter a recess in the pillar b, under the action of spring h, for holding
the wings expanded, as specified.
4th. The herein described means for retaining the T-piece when the wings are
expanded, consisting in the combination with the squared shank of the T-piece, of
springs bearing thereon, as specified.
Dated this 16th day of March 1894.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.