IMPROVEMENTS IN HOISTING APPARATUS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Archer, junior, of Dunston Engine Works, in the
Town of Gateshead and County of Durham, Engineer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HOISTING APPARATUS."
`Sealed the 30th January 1880, and dated the 22nd September 1879.
Sealed the 30th January 1880, and dated the 22nd September 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Archer at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd September 1879.
THOMAS ARCHER, junior, of Dunston Engine Works, in the Town of Gateshead
and County of Durham, Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS IN HOISTING APPARATUS."
-
"
I employ in conjunction with a cylinder and piston or ram to be actuated by
steam, air, or water pressure, a drum arrangement, substantially as follows,
namely: A drum is contained within a recess provided for it at one end of the
cylinder referred to, and this drum is keyed to a shaft, one or both ends of which
pass by a stuffing box or boxes to the outside of the cylinder, where it is attached
to a second drum, called for distinction a whipping drum, also keyed on to the
shaft, and to brake arrangements of any convenient kind. On the inner drum is a
rope, band, or chain, having one end secured to the drum itself, and the other to
the piston or ram, so as that when the rope, band, or chain is coiled tight on the
inner drum pressure admitted between the drum and the piston or ram, adequate
to cause a movement of the same, causes at the same time a corresponding revolution
of the drum, which revolution by means of the shaft before described is communi-
cated to the outside or whipping drum, and to any attachment of rope or chain
thereto so as to be available for hoisting.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thomas Archer in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 3rd February
1880.
THOMAS ARCHER, junior, of Dunston Engine Works, Gateshead, in the County of
Durham, Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS IN HOISTING APPARATUS."
"
I employ in conjunction with a cylinder and piston or ram to be actuated by
steam, air, or water pressure, a drum arrangement, substantially as follows,
namely A drum is contained within a recess provided for it at one end of the
cylinder referred to, and this drum is keyed to a shaft, one or both ends of which
pass by a stuffing box or boxes to the outside of the cylinder, where it is attached
to a second drum, called for distinction a whipping drum, also keyed on to the
shaft, and to brake arrangement. of any convenient. kind. On the inner drum is a
rope, band, or chain, having one end secured to the drum itself, and the other to
the piston or ram, so as that when the rope, band, or chain is coiled tight on the
inner drum pressure admitted between the drum and the piston or ram, adequate.
to cause a movement of the same, causes at the same time a corresponding revolution
of the drum, which revolution by means of the shaft before described is commu-
nicated to the outside, or whipping drum and to any attachment of rope or chain
thereto so as to be available for hoisting.
Having thus,described the nature of my Invention I will proceed to describe a
convenient and good arrangement of apparatus for operating the same, having
reference to the accompanying Drawings. The same lettering applies to similar
parts in each Drawing. Fig. 1 is a plan, Fig. 2 a sectional elevation, and Fig. 3 an
end view partly in section of the parts of the apparatus which it is necessary to
describe. The Drawings represent the apparatus on a scale of one inch tc one foot
applied as steam whipping apparatus on board ship. In Fig. 1 the space A, A, is
the hatchway surrounded by the coamings B, B, shown also in Fig. 2 & 3; C, C, is
the cylinder, shewn in section in Fig. 2, in which D is the piston of ordinary construc-
tion, with packing rings; E, E, is the recess before referred to provided for the inner
drum, which recess is in free communication with the cylinder; F, F, is the inner
drum, and G, G, the rope, band, or chain attached to it and to the piston D, as
shewn, by any convenient arrangement with swivel joint at the piston end, G,.G, is
made flat for convenience, as shewn in Fig. 3, and wraps over the 'drum fold upon
fold; H is the stuffing box of ordinary construction, through which the shaft I, I,
passes; J, J, is a brake wheel of ordinary construction, consisting simply of a flanged
sheave, shewn in Fig. 3, and fitted with a brake band round it drawn together by
differential screws, as shewn in Fig. 1; K is the whipping drum with chain attached
to it in the ordinary way; L is a steam cock attached to the drum case, of the kind
known as a 3 way cock, which is shewn in section and plan in Fig. 4, but which is
a piece of mechanism so well known as to require no special description. This
3 way cock is capable-by a movement of the plug from right to left, or vice versa,
of putting the cylinder in communication with the supply pipe M or the exhaust
pipe N; Ois a bracket for carrying the end of the shaft I; P, P, are spiral springs
placed in the ends of the cylinder to provide against shock if the piston should run
too freely either way.
11
The apparatus is represented as having performed a full stroke of the piston and
unwound the inner band or chain, and wound up the chain on the outer drum, and
lifted its load, the pressure of steam in the cylinder and drum case of course corre-
sponding to or exceeding the load, the 3 way cock being open to steam. On moving
the plug of the 3 way cock so as to open to exhaust the equilibrium is destroyed,
and the weight descends, drawing up the piston, winding up the inner band or
chain on the drum F, and unwinding the chain on the outer or whipping drum K.
To prevent too great rapidity of movement the brake wheel J, J, is nipped by the
brake arrangement and the lowering of the load is in command. A counterpoise

page_text: may be attached to the chain end if necessary, where tubs are not used for dis-
charging cargo, adequate to draw up the piston to its starting point, and by means
of the operation of the cock L, and the alternate supply and exhaust of steam, loads
may be raised and lowered. In some cases it may be more convenient to arrange
the cylinder vertically or inclined.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and the manner in which the
same is to be performed, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself
to the apparatus described, which is merely a convenient form of apparatus for a
special purpose, but what I claim as my Invention is, the operation of pressure,
substantially as described, on an internal drum, and its transmission by the rotary
movement of a shaft through a stuffing box to its point of application.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Archer, jn, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
THOMAS ARCHER, JNR. (L.S.)