IMPPAVEMENTE in TenterING AND DRYING MACHINES
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Kempe and Arthur Kempc, both of
Holbeck Mills, Leeds, in the County of York, Machinists, for the
Invention of " IMPPAVEMENTE in TenterING AND DRYING MACHINES
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TENTERING and DryING MACHINES
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Kempe and
Arthur Kempe at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 3rd April 1871.
We, WILLIAM KEMPE and ARTHUR KEMPE, both of Holbeck
Mills, Leeds, in the County of York, Machinists, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TENTERING AND DRYING
MACHINES," to be as follows:-
These machines as at present constructed usually consist of a framing
for carrying the drawing and stretching arrangements and have (according
to the size of the machine) one or more main steam pipes (generally
placed vertically) for supplying steam to several tiers of drying or

page_text: heating pipes which are branched from these vertical main pipes and
run across the machino taking a zig-zag course from the end to end
of the machine so that the steam and condensed water have to pass
through the entire length of each zig-zag coil or tier, thereby causing
when the steam is first turned into the machine, as in the morning,
considerable risk of breaking the pipes as well as loss of time in getting
up the heat and requiring a larger flow of steam to keep up a uniform
hoat through the machine.
This Invention has for its objects such an arrangement of the entire
structure that the steam shall be supplied to a series of tiers of hori-
zontal passages on one side of the machine and from these through the
cross or transverse heating or distributing pipes into a corresponding
system of horizontal passages on the other side of the machine, thereby
causing a free circulation and a ready escape for the condensed water.
And, scoondly, an improved method of fixing and connecting the
transverse heating or distributing pipes so that any one of these trans-
verse pipes can be removed in case of breakage or otherwise without
destroying or interfering with the circulation of the steam. We make
the vertical framing of the machine hollow or with chambers or passages
for holding or transmitting steam, to these uprights we fix several tiers
of hollow or tubular horizontal side rails and to these again are fitted
the horizontal cross pipes for distributing the heat through the machine
for the purpose of drying the fabric. The steam is admitted to the
hollow framing and side rails on one side of the machine, whenco it
flows through the cross pipes into the side rails and hollow framing
on the other side of the machine where the condensed water from
oach tier of pipes is collected, and being conducted through the hollow
framing is discharged at any convenient place at the bottom of the
machine.
As to the second part of our improvement we connect the transverse
pipes in such a way that each pipe is held in its place by a single
central screw or bolt at either end so that by simply releasing these
screws or bolts in case of leakage or fracture or otherwise, any pipe
can be removed without in any way interfering with the working of
the machine or in any way destroying or obstructing the circulation.
The cross pipes are fitted at their ends with flat foot which rest upon
faces over apertures for the passage of the steam formed on the sido

page_text: rails to receive them. There are corresponding steam passages in the
face and in the foot of the pipe, and the central screw or bolt passing
through the side rail and the foot of the cross pipe when placed in
position over the steam passages holds the parts together.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Kempe and Arthur Kempe in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 3rd October 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
KEMPE and ARTHUR KEMPE, both of Holbeck Mills, Leeds, in the
County of York, Machinists, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of April in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said William Kempe and Arthur Kempe,
Her special licence that we, the said William Kempe and Arthur
Kempe, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
we, the said William Kempe and Arthur Kempe, our executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, excrcise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TENTERING
AND DRYING MACHINES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the
said William Kempe and Arthur Kempe, our executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under our or their hands and seals,
or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly
describe and ascertain the naturo of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Kempe, on behalf of
myself and of the said Arthur Kempe, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,

page_text: to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
These machines as at present constructed usually consist of a
framing for carrying the drawing and stretching arrangements, and have
(according to the size of the machine) one or more main steam pipes
(generally placed vertically) for supplying steam to several tiers of
drying or heating pipes, which are branched from these vertical main
pipes and run across the machine, taking a zig-zag course from end to
end of the machine, so that the steam and condensed water have to pass
through the entire length of each zig-zag coil or tier, thereby causing,
when the steam is first turned into the machine, as in the morning,
considerable risk of breaking the pipes as well as loss of time in getting
up the heat and requiring a larger flow of steam to keep up a uniform
heat through the machine.
This Invention has for its objects such an arrangement of the entire
structure that the steam shall be supplied to a series of tiers of horizontal
passages on one side of the machine, and from these through the cross
or transverse heating or distributing pipes into a corresponding system
of horizontal passages on the other side of the machine, thereby causing
a free circulation and a ready escape for the condensed water.
And, secondly, an improved method of fixing and connecting the
transverse heating or distributing pipes, so that any one of these
transverse pipes can be removed in case of breakage or otherwise,
without destroying or interfering with the circulation of the steam. We
make the vertical framing of the machine hollow or with chambers or
passages for holding or transmitting steam. To these uprights we fix
several tiers of hollow or tubular horizontal side rails, and to these again
are fitted the horizontal cross pipes for distributing the heat through
the machine for the purpose of drying the fabric. The steam is
admitted to the hollow framing and side rails on one side of the machine,
whence it flows through the cross pipes into the side rails and hollow
framing on the other side of the machine, where the condensed water
from each tier of pipes is collected, and being conducted through the
hollow framing is discharged at any convenient place at the bottom of
the machine.
As to the second part of our improvement we connect the transverse
pipes in such a way that each pipe is held in its place by a single central

page_text: screw or bolt at either end, so that by simply releasing these screws or
bolts in case of leakage or fracture or otherwise, any pipe can be
removed without in any way interfering with the working of the machine
or in any way destroying or obstructing the circulation.
The cross
pipes are fitted at their ends with flat feet which rest upon faces over
apertures for the passage of the steam formed on the side rails to receive
them. There are corresponding steam passages in the face and in the
foot of the pipe, and the central screw or bolt passing through the
side rail and the foot of the cross pipe when placed in position over the
steam passages holds the parts together.
Figure 1 shows a side elevation of a tentering machine constructed
as above described. In this Figure A, A, are hollow standards at each
side of the machine. To the standards on one side steam is admitted
through a steam pipe B, the admission of steam to such standards boing
controlled by taps B¹. On the opposite side of the machine the
standards at their lower ends are similarly connected to an exhaust or
outlet pipe. To the uprights on each side of the machine are attached
several tiers of horizontal hollow side rails or pipes C, C. A horizontal
section taken through one of the standards where the ends of two of
such side rails are joined to it is shown at Figure 2. To the side rails
arc attached the cross pipes D. A vertical section taken through a
junction between one of the cross pipes D and one of the side rails C
is shewn at Figure 3. Figure 4 shews a vertical section taken through
the line E, F, Figure 2.
These Figures shew clearly the arrangement herein-before described
for connecting the pipes to one another, so that it is unnecessary to
give any further description of it.
In addition to the standards A serving to distribute and supply steam
to the side rails C they also form the vertical portion of the framing
of the machine and support the apparatus for carrying and stretching
the fabric, and wbich is similar in its character to that employed in
ordinary tentering and drying machines. E, E, are the rollers over
which the fabric is led at the two ends of the machine; the axes of the
rollers are all geared together and one of them at each end is driven
by bevil gearing from the driving shaft F, the bearings of which are
also supported by the side standards, as shewn; F*, F*, are the chain
boxes which serve as guides for the endless chains that carry the clips

page_text: or pegs by which the edges of the fabric are held. The chain boxes
are supported by the vertical stretching bars G; these bars at their
upper ends are provided with rollers which run on transverso horizontal
bars which pass across from the standards on one side to the standards
on the opposite side of the machine, and by these horizontal bars tho
weight of the bars G and parts carried by them is supported. HI, H, are
screws screwing into these bars and having upon their axes worm
wheels, into which gear worms on shafts I, the centre lines of which
only are shown in the Drawings. The two shafts I are geared with
one another by toothed gearing, so that by turning either one or other
of them the width to which the whole of the stretching gear is set can
be simultaneously varied. The arrangement of these parts is similar
to that now usually adopted in this class of tentering and drying
machines.
It will be seen that by the system or arrangement of heating pipes
herein-before described the several tiers of transverse heating pipes aro
simultaneously supplied with steam by the admission of steam to the
standards on one side of the machine whilst the water which condenses
in each tier of heating pipes passes away through the hollow standards
on the opposito side of the machine and is carried away from their
lower ends by a discharge pipe to any convenient place. In place of
the hollow standards on one side of the machine being used for
supplying steam simultaneously directly to the several tiers of horizontal
pipes, whilst the standards on the opposite side act as outlet or exhaust
passages the hollow standards on each side of the machine might have
internal horizontal partitions formed across them just below every
alternate horizontal tier of transverse horizontal heating pipes in such
a manner that the steam supplied to the upper end of the standards on
one side of the machine shall be caused to pass through the first or
uppermost tier of horizontal heating pipes to the opposite side of the
machine and then be conducted back through the next tier of heating
pipes, and so on in succession passing to and fro from side to side of the
machine in a zig-zag direction until it arrives at the bottom of the series
of heating pipes where the condensed water is led off from the lower
ends of the standards on either one or other side of the machine as may
be most convenient. By this arrangement it will be seen that the
capability of removing any one or other of the horizontal heating pipes

page_text: without interfering with the circulation of the steam is still maintained,
and also the advantage of causing the standards or uprights not only
to serve as the vertical part of the framing of the machine to support the
apparatus for carrying and stretching the fabric, but also to form part
of the system of the heating apparatus as herein-before described. We
would also remark that although we have herein described and claimed one
mode of connecting the cross heating pipes with hollow rails or pipes
at the sides of the machine, yet other modes of constructing such joints
might be adopted so as to enable any one or more of such pipes to be
removed without interfering with the circulation of the steam.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention and the manner
of performing the same, we would have it understood that what we
claim as our improvements in tentering and drying machines is,―
1. The combined arrangement herein described, whereby vertical
standards at the sides of the machine not only serve as the vertical
portion of the framing, but also form part of the system of the heating
apparatus.
2. The system of heating pipes herein described, whereby steam is
admitted by hollow uprights on one side of the machine directly to
several horizontal tiers of heating pipes.
3. The method of connecting together the horizontal cross pipes with
hollow rails or pipes at the sides of the machine.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Kempe, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Third day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.