improvements in Stoves or Furnaces.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 24th June, 1896-Accepted, 22nd Aug., 1896
COMI DEID STRATTIVATION.
improvements in Stoves or Furnaces.
J, FRANZ CHRISTOPH BORMANN, of No. 19 Steinwiete, Hamburg, in the German
Empire, Stove Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to stoves and other furnaces and has for its object the
complete combustion of all gases. For this purpose all the gases developed during
combustion are passed again through the furnace, while fresh air is added to them,
before their escape into the chimney, whereby complete combustion of all particles is
obtained and a saving of fuel is effected.
In order that my invention may be the better understood I now proceed to describe the
same reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters and figures
marked theron.
Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a heating stove.
Figure 2 shows also a longitudinal section of the same, but at an angle of 90° to the
former section.
Figure 3 shows a horizontal section through the same stove.
Figure 4 shows a modified construction.
The fire grate A is surrounded by the two annular shells B and C which have
alternating longitudinal ribs b, c, which overlap one another and serve as conductors
of heat. The channel formed by the shells B and C has exit channels for the
completely spent gases of combustion. Above the fire grate A, and concentrically
with the shells B and C, are formed two other annular channels D and E, for the
partially burnt gases and the completely burnt gases. The inner one of these two
channels E, reaches nearly to the top of the stove and has at its upper end
admission orifices for the partially burnt gases. The innermost shell forming the
wall of this channel extends to the fire. The second concentric shell, which forms
the channel D, extends to nearly the bottom of the furnace and has at its lower end d
orifices 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, for the admission to the fire of the fresh air containing oxygen,
which enters the stove through suitable air admission pipes F. Below the air
admission orifices are provided exit orifices for the completely burnt gases, which end
in the space between the shells B and C.
The operation of such a stove is as follows:-The gases containing unconsumed
particles ascend upwards in the shaft and enter, through the orifices near the top
into the innermost annular channel E in which they descend. The gases then passi
again through the heat of the fire, mixing with the fresh air, containing oxygen,
(which is admitted from the outside atmosphere through the orifices in d) and are
thus completely burnt. The heating gases formed thereby pass, through the smoke
exit orifices provided below the air admission orifices, into the outermost annular
channel, which is provided with the overlapping longitudinal ribs. The latter, which
become partly red hot, burn completely any unconsumed combustible particles
which may still be present, and the gases escape now through the exit channel H and
the exit flue I. The air admission orifices made below the annular channel formed
by the shells B and C allow fresh air to enter also into this space to facilitate complete
combustion.
Another mode of construction of this furnace is illustrated by the vertical section
shown in Figure 4. In this construction the two inner concentric channels D E do
not extend to the top, but are considerably shortened. The channel E extends only

page_text: above the fuel and the channel D only above the fuel. A partition d² is provided in
the channel D, and has orifices d³; this partition is arranged directly below the air
admission orifices F. The fresh air which enters through the orifice F, can therefore
enter only into the fuel through the orifices 1, 2, 3, of the channel D and causes the
complete combustion of the gases entering through the channel E.
The completely spent gases of combustion pass now, while mixing with the air
entering at 3 through the holes 4, 5, 6, 7 into the chimney flue, thence through the
chimney into the open air. The other arrangements are the same as previously
described with reference to Figures 1, 2 and 3.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. A stove or furnace in which the gases of combustion containing unconsumed
particles are led back into the fuel mixed with fresh air containing oxygen, and
after passing through the fuel are led below the admission orifices for the fresh air
to the chimney flue, whereby complete combustion is effected.
2nd. A stove or furnace consisting of two concentric channels D E, of which the
inner one E, leads the gases containing the unconsumed particles back into the fuel,
and in which they mix with fresh air, which enters through air admission
orifices F, the channel D, and orifices 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,therein, and escape after complete
combustion through the exit channel B C to the outside.
3rd. In a stove or furnace as claimed in Claims 1 and 2, a horizontal partition d
provided in the channel D, so that the admission of fresh air can only take place
through the orifices 1, 2, 3 and the escape of the completely spent gases of combustion
takes place under admixture with fresh air entering through the orifices d³, through
the orifices 4, 5, 6 and 7 to the exit channel B. C.
Dated this 24th day of June 1896.
FELL & JAMES,
1 Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C., Agents for the Applicant.