Improvements in the Use of Carbonic Acid Gas as Applied to Beverages.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 16th May, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 16th Feb., 1893-Accepted, 15th Apr., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Use of Carbonic Acid Gas as Applied to
Beverages.
I DAN RYLANDS, of Shepcote, Stairfoot, near Barnsley, in the County of York,
Glass Bottle Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
:-
My present invention has for its object the more economical application of
carbonic acid gas to a variety of beverages or drinks so that the use of this
carbonic acid gas will improve the quality of the beverage to be drunk, and at the
same time avoid the labour of pumping from the cask. My invention also provides
for the use of carbonic acid gas in the aeration of milk, tea, coffee, wines, and
other liquids in small or large quantities as desired.
According to my present invention I introduce into a cask, whether laid on the
gantry or stood on its end, a tube made of block tin or glass, or other suitable
substance. Through this tube carbonic acid gas is admitted into the contents of
the cask from a steel vessel or other receptacle in which the carbonic acid may be
stored, a suitable controlling or reducing valve being employed to control the
carbonic acid gas admitted into the cask through the tube. A gauge or indicator
may be attached either to the tube or the cask in order that the pressure of the gas
in the cask may be properly regulated. The tube admitting the carbonic acid gas
into the cask may be of U shape so that with suitable holes at the bent or bottom
portion of the tube the gas will be admitted into the cask by one portion of the
bent tube, and the contents after being aerated can also be drawn or forced out of
the cask through the other portion of the tube and supplied through a tap for use.
Or the tube may be of any other suitable shape with one portion for admitting the
carbonic acid gas and the other portion for withdrawing the aerated liquid. Or
two distinct tubes may be used, one for admitting the carbonic acid gas into the
cask, and the other for the outflow of the aerated beer or other liquid. Or there
may be only one tube inserted into the cask, and suitable connections made to this
tube outside the cask, so that the one tube shall serve for the admittance of the
carbonic acid gas into the cask, and after the contents are properly saturated the
Or there
aerated beer or other liquid can be drawn off through the same tube.
may be one tube passing right through the cask, such tube being either straight or
bent in any suitable manner and being properly perforated so that the carbonic
acid gas will easily diffuse into the contents, and also so that the aerated liquid can
be withdrawn; one end of this latter tube will pass through one end or side of the
cask, and the other end of the tube will pass through the other end or side of the
cask, and the carbonic acid gas will be infused into the cask at one end of the tube
and the aerated contents will be withdrawn at the other end of the tube. In any
case the tube or pipes reach to the bottom of the cask or are otherwise arranged
so that the contents of the cask can be completely drawn off. The draw-off tap
may be either close to or attached to the cask, or may be any suitable distance
away either in the same or another room. The draw-off tube in any case is simply
attached to the tap by means of piping, and the carbonic acid gas in the liquid is
sufficient to raise or lift the beer or other liquid to the draw-off tap without the use of
the ordinary pumps which by my improvements are entirely dispensed with. An
airtight joint is made in any suitable way at the hole or holes where the tube
or tubes enter the cask.
Another part of my invention relates to the carbonating of water for drinking
or other purposes, as it is used from household or other water service pipes. For
this purpose I employ a suitable receptacle or vessel made of glass or earthenware

page_text: or other suitable material. This vessel has one means of inlet for the water, and
another inlet for the carbonic acid gas; and has also an outlet for the aerated
water, which by means of a tap can be drawn off as desired for use. The water
service pipe is connected to the vessel in any suitable way, and the water is
controlled by a tap which can shut off or turn on the water when required. The
vessel is attached to any carbonic acid gas supply by means of a tube and the gas is
admitted into the vessel through a controlling or reducing valve. In some cases I
provide a suitable form of inlet pipe that will secure the mixture of the gas and
water before it is admitted into the vessel.
Where it is desired to carbonate milk, coffee, tea, wines, or other beverages or
liquids, I simply make the vessel or receptacle with an inlet for the carbonic acid
gas and an outlet for the liquid after it is carbonated. The liquid to be aerated is
first placed in at the top of the vessel which is then rendered airtight by a suitable
cap or cover. The carbonic acid gas is then admitted, and after the liquid is
sufficiently saturated with the carbonic acid gas the aerated drink may then be
drawn off for use as desired.
In some cases I attach to the ordinary shaped tap in a barrel or cask the
cartonic acid feed pipe, and the delivery or draw-off pipe, and I make the end of
the tap entering the barrel long enough to go right into the middle of the barrel,
and of the best shape for securing the complete emptying of such barrel.
Dated this 12th day of May 1800
I
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Use of Carbonic Acid Gas as Applied to
Beverages.
I DAN RYLANDS of Shepcote, Stairfoot near Barnsley in the County of York,
Glass Bottle Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement :-
My present invention has for its object the more economical application of
carbonic acid gas to a variety of beverages or drinks so that the use of this carbonic
acid gas will improve the quality of the beverage to be drunk, and at the same
time avoid the labour of pumping from the cask. My invention also provides for
the use of carbonic acid gas in the aeration of milk, tea, coffee, wines, and other
liquids in small or large quantities as desired.
According to my present invention I introduce into a cask, whether laid on the
gantry or stood on its end, a tube made of block tin or glass, or other suitable
substance. Through this tube carbonic acid gas is admitted into the contents of the
cask from a steel vessel or other receptacle in which the carbonic acid gas may be
stored, a suitable controlling or reducing valve being employed to control the
carbonic acid gas admitted into the cask through the tube.
A guage or indicator
may be attached either to the tube or the cask in order that the pressure of the
gas in the cask may be properly regulated. The tube admitting the carbonic acid
gas into the cask may be of U shape so that with suitable holes at the bent
or bottom portion of the tube the gas will be admitted into the cask by one portion
of the bent tube, and the contents after being aerated can also be drawn or forced
out of the cask through the other portion of the tube and supplied through a tap
for use.
Or the tube may be of any other suitable shape with one portion for
admitting the carbonic acid gas and the other portion for withdrawing the aerated
liquid. Or two distinct tubes may be used one for admitting the carbonic acid gas
into the cask, and the other for the outflow of the aerated beer or other liquid.
Or there may be only one tube inserted into the cask, and suitable connections
made to this tube outside the cask so that the one tube shall serve for the

page_text: admittance of the carbonic acid gas into the cask, and after the contents are
properly saturated, the aerated beer or other liquid can be drawn off through the
same tube. Or there may be one tube passing right through the cask such tube
being either straight or bent in any suitable manner, and being suitably perforated
so that the carbonic acid gas will easily diffuse into the contents and also so that
the aerated liquid can be withdrawn; one end of this latter tube will pass through
one end or side of the cask, and the other end of the tube will pass through the
other end or side of the cask, and the carbonic acid gas will be infused into the
cask at one end of the tube and the aerated contents will be withdrawn at
the other end of the tube. In any case the tube or pipes reach to the bottom of
the cask or are otherwise arranged so that the contents of the cask can be com-
pletely drawn off. The draw-off tap may be either close to or attached to the
cask, or may be any suitable distance away either in the same or another room.
The draw-off tube in any case is simply attached to the tap by means of piping,
and the carbonic acid gas in the liquid is sufficient to raise or lift the beer or other
liquid to the draw-off tap without the use of the ordinary pumps, which by my
improvements are entirely dispensed with. An airtight joint is made in any
suitable way at the hole or holes where the tube or tubes enter the cask.
Another part of my invention relates to the carbonating of water for drinking
or other purposes, as it is used from household or other water service pipes. For
this purpose I employ a suitable receptacle or vessel made of glass or earthenware
or other suitable material. This vessel has one means of inlet for the water, and
another inlet for the carbonic acid gas; and has also an outlet for the aerated
The water
water, which by means of a tap can be drawn off as desired for use.
service pipe is connected to the vessel in any suitable way and the water is con-
trolled by a tap which can shut off or turn on the water when required. The
vessel is attached to any carbonic acid gas supply by means of a tube and the gas
is admitted into the vessel through a controlling or reducing valve.
In some cases
I provide a suitable form of inlet pipe that will secure the mixture of the gas and
water before it is admitted into the vessel.
Where it is desired to carbonate milk, coffee, tea, wines, or other beverages or
liquids, I simply make the vessel or receptacle with an inlet for the carbonic acid
gas and an outlet for the liquid after it is carbonated. The liquid to be aerated is
first placed in at the top of the vessel which is then rendered airtight by a
suitable cap or cover. The carbonic acid gas is then admitted, and after the
liquid is sufficiently saturated with the carbonic acid gas the aerated drink may
then be drawn off for use as desired.
In some cases I attach to the ordinary shaped tap in a barrel or cask the
carbonic acid feed pipe, and the delivery or draw-off pipe, and I make the end of
the tap entering the barrel long enough to go right into the middle of the barrel,
and of the best shape for securing the complete emptying of such barrel.
In the explanatory drawings which accompany this Specification,
Fig. 1, is an elevation partly in section showing the application of my invention
to the aeration of beer, and to the raising or elevating thereof.
Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of the attachment or connector I prefer to employ
in coupling up the carbonic acid gas supply pipe and the beer draw-off pipe with
the internal pipe in the interior of the cask illustrated.
Figs. 3, 45 and 9, show modifications of my invention, consisting of different
arrangements of the carbonic acid gas supply and the beer draw-off pipes.
Fig. 6 illustrates a water carbonating cylinder having a separate water and gas
supply and draw-off tap.
Fig. 7 also shows a water carbonating cylinder having an inlet pipe arrangement
by which the gas and water are intimately mixed together before reaching the
interior of the cylinder.
In Fig. 8 an aerating cylinder is shown suitably arranged for the aeration of
milk, coffee, tea, or other beverages the cylinder being furnished with seperatė gas
and draw off taps and removable cover.

page_text: In Figs. 1 and 2, a is the cylinder containing the carbonic acid gas, 6 a reducing
valve and c a pressure guage, da U shaped pipe attached to the upper head of the
cask by the flanges e e. The two upper ends ff of this U shaped pipe passing through
the head of the cask as shown affords a ready means for corking up the cask.
In
aerating and drawing of the contents of the cask I attach the winged union
nuts 9 carried by the ends of the gas-supply pipe and draw-off pipe i to
the hollow cylindrical cork borers jj. The cork borers being sharpened to a.
cutting edge at k, (Fig. 2) will upon the application of force readily pierce the
corks, sealing up the contents of the cask. The cask being now connected to the
gas supply and draw-off pipes, the valve scaling up the contents of the gas
cylinder a being now by handle n opened, allows the passage of the gas through the
reducing valve b, connecting pipe I, into the interior of the cask which it enters by
the perforations formed at the lower portion of the U shaped pipe d. Any
desired quantity or pressure of gas can be admitted into the cask by the adjustable
reducing valve and this pressure can be read and adjusted by the aid of the
pressure gauge. Time having been given for the absorption of the gas by the
contents of the cask, the now aerated beer or other liquid will by opening
the draw off tap o leave the cask by the portion of the U shaped tube d¹ and
connecting pipe i, and will ascend to the position of the draw off tap which may be
close to or attached to the cask, or may be any suitable distance away either in the
same or another room. The aerated beer or other liquid is raised or forced to the
draw-off tap by the gas pressure existing in the cask, thus avoiding the use of
the ordinary pumps, which by my improvements are entirely dispensed with.
Figs. 3, 45 and 9, show modifications of my invention consisting of different
arrangements of the carbonic acid gas supply and the drawing-off tap pipes. In
Fig. 3 a is the gas supply pipe and b the draw off pipe. In Fig. 4 one pipe b alone
is used serving as a gas supply and draw-off pipe combined. Gas is admitted to
the contents of the cask by the tap c till aeration takes place, when the tap is
closed and the aerated beer can then be raised to the draw-off tap (not shown) by
opening the tap d.
In Fig. 5 one tube e formed as shown serves the purpose of a gas supply and
draw-off pipe, the gas entering by supply pipe f enters the cask by the
perforations g g formed in the bent pipe e, and after aeration has taken place, and
the gas supply is shut off, the beer can be withdrawn as previously described by
the draw off pipe h.
In some cases I attach to the ordinary shaped tap in a barrel or cask the
carbonic acid gas feed pipe a (Fig. 9), and the delivery or draw off pipe b, and I
make the end of the tap c entering the barrel long enough to go right into the
middle of the barrel and of the bent form shown for ensuring the complete emptying
of such barrel.
The method of attachment of the external gas supply and draw off pipes to the
internal pipe or pipes contained in and attached to the barrels illustrated by
Figs. 3 to 5. are identical with the attachments described and illustrated in
reference to Figs. 1 and 2.
Another part of my invention relates to the carbonating of water for drinking or
other purposes, as it is used from household or other water pipes. For this
purpose I employ a suitable receptacle or vessel a (Fig. 6) made of glass or
.earthenware or other suitable material. This vessel has one means of inlet for the
water and another inlet for the carbonic acid gas, and has also an outlet for the
aerated water which by means of the tap b can be drawn off as desired for use.
The water service pipe is connected to the vessel by a screw thread as shown or in
any other suitable way, and the water is controlled by a tap c which can shut off or
turn on the water when required. The vessel is attached to any carbonic acid gas
supply by means of the tube d and the gas is admitted into the vessel through a
controlling or reducing valve.
Fig. 7 illustrates a modification of the above described carbonating vessel, the
modification consisting of the arrangement for the admittance and mixing together

page_text: of the gas and water during the time of their admission into the interior of the
vessel; d is the gas supply pipe; e the water supplying pipe, f a tee piece
connecting as shown the gas and water inlet taps and connecting pipes; ga
perforated pipe in one with the gas admission valve and placed centrally in the
interior of the tee piece f. The outer diameter of the perforated pipe being
smaller than the internal diameter of the tee piece forms an annular passage for
the water admission, during which admission the gas issuing from the perforated
pipe g secures a very thorough mixing together of the gas and water.
Where it is desired to carbonate milk, coffee, tea, wines or other beverages or
liquids, I simply make the vessel or receptacle with an inlet a (Fig. 8) for the
carbonic acid gas and an outlet 6 for the liquid after it is carbonated. The liquid
to be aerated is first placed in at the top of the vessel which is then rendered
airtight by a suitable cap or cover c. The carbonic acid gas is then admitted, and
after the liquid is sufficiently saturated with the carbonic acid gas the aerated
drink may then be drawn off for use as desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what
I claim is :-
1. The arrangements for applying carbonic acid gas to beverages substantially
as described and illustrated with reference to Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 9.
2. The special arrangements for aerating water, as shown and described with
reference to Figs. 6 and 7.
3. The arrangements for carbonating tea, milk, or wines as described and
shown with regard to Fig. 8.
Dated this 15th day of February 1893.
DAN RYLANDS.