Improvements in Vertical Steam Boilers and their Furnaces for Utilizing Dust-bin Refuse of Towns and the like.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Sept., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 17th June, 1896-Accepted, 25th July, 1896
VIDIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Vertical Steam Boilers and their Furnaces for
Utilizing Dust-bin Refuse of Towns and the like.
I THOMAS PHILIP MARSH, of No. 18 Little Street, West Bromwich, in the
County of Stafford, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
My invention consists in constructing and arranging in the manner hereinafter
described the parts of vertical steam boilers and their furnaces, the principal
object of my improvements being the economical production of steam by so
constructing and arranging the parts of the boiler and furnace that dust bin
refuse of towns and other like refuse combustible matter consisting essentially
of cinders or ashes or slack or small coal, may be readily fed to and burnt in
the furnace.
In carrying my invention into effect I use a vertical cylindrical boiler beneath
which is a furnace situated below the ground level and opening into the fire space
of the boiler which contains the usual crossing water tubes and water space, the
products of combustion from the lower fire space of the boiler escaping by a
central flue passing through the upper water space of the boiler. The furnace
beneath the boiler has horizontal fire bars under which is a closed air chamber or
ash pit. The front of the furnace, above the level of the fire bars, is furnished
with clearing doors and the air chamber or ash pit is also furnished with a clearing
door which may serve for admitting air.
The dust bin refuse or like refuse matter is fed on to the fire bars of the
furnace in the following manner. About eighteen inches above the bottom of
the vertical boiler is a fuel charging hole and in line with the said charging hole
is a horizontal tubular hopper having at front an expanding trough shaped mouth.
A sliding door or valve in the said hopper opens communication with and cuts off
communication from the boiler. The bin refuse matter is placed by the attendant
or stoker in the trough of the hopper and by opening the sliding door or valve the
contents of the trough may be pushed through the charging hole in the boiler.and
allowed to fall through the fire space of the boiler on to the fire bars of the
furnace where it is burned the products of combustion after circulating about the
fire space of the boiler and heating the water in the said boiler, escaping through
the central flue to the chimney. The furnace is in this way fed from time to time
with refuse combustible matter, a supply being constantly maintained by the stoker
in the hopper.
For the purpose of promoting the combustion of the small refuse combustible
matter supplied to the furnace I use a forced draught in the furnace. This
1 effect either by steam jets or by a fan. I prefer to use two or more steam jets
in the air chamber or ash pit of the furnace beneath the fire bars, the said steam
jets being supplied with steam from the upper part of the boiler by a middle
vertical pipe and by branch pipes passing to opposite sides of the air chamber.
In starting the furnace before the steam jets are operative, the combustion is
maintained for a time by opening the air door of the air chamber of the furnace
and on the production of steam in the boiler the steam jets are put into action for
producing the forced draught referred to.

page_text: A heating chamber for melting the tin off refuse tin scrap, tin-plate goods and
for other like purposes may be interposed between the fire place or furnace and the
vertical boiler. In this case the heated air and products of combustion from the
furnace or fire place first pass over the bed of the heating chamber and then pass
to the vertical boiler for heating the same.
Dated this Twenty-fourth day of September 1895.
Improvements in Vertical Steam Boilers and their Furnaces for
Utilizing Dust-bin Refuse of Towns and the like.
I THOMAS PHILIP MARSH, of No. 18 Little Street, West Bromwich in the
County of Stafford, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention consists in constructing and arranging in the manner hereinafter
described the parts of vertical steam boilers and their furnaces, the principal
object of my improvements being the economical production of steam by so
constructing and arranging the parts of the boiler and furnace that dust-bin
refuse of towns and other like refuse combustible matter consisting essentially
of cinders or ashes or slack or small coal, may be readily fed to and burnt in the
furnace.
a
In carrying my invention into effect I use a vertical cylindrical boiler beneath
which is a furnace situated below the ground level and opening into the firespace
of the boiler which contains the usual crossing water tubes and water space, the
products of combustion from the lower fire space of the boiler escaping by
central flue passing through the upper water space of the boiler. The furnace
beneath the boiler has, horizontal fire bars under which is a closed air chamber
or ash pit. The front of the furnace, above the level of the fire bars is furnished
with clearing doors and the air chamber or ash pit is also furnished with a clearing
door which may serve for admitting air.
The dust-bin refuse or like refuse matter is fed on to the fire bars of the furnace
in the following manner. About eighteen inches above the bottom of the vertical
boiler is a fuel charging hole and in line with the said charging hole is a horizontal
tubular hopper having at front an expanding trough shaped mouth. A sliding
door or valve in the said hopper opens communication with and cuts off com-
munication from the boiler. The bin refuse matter is placed by the attendant
or stoker in the trough of the hopper and by opening the sliding door or valve
the contents of the trough may he pushed through the charging hole in the boiler
and allowed to fall through the fire space of the boiler on to the fire bars of the
furnace where it is burned, the products of combustion after circulating about the
fire space of the boiler and heating the water in the said boiler, escaping through
the central flue to the chimney. The furnace is in this way fed from time to time
with refuse combustible matter, a supply being constantly maintained by the stoker
in the hopper.
For the purpose of promoting the combustion of the small refuse combustible
matter supplied to the furnace I use a forced draught in the furnace. This
I effect either by steam jets or by a fan. I prefer to use two or more steam
jets in the air chamber or ash pit of the furnace beneath the fire bars, the
said steamu jets being supplied with steam from the upper part of the boiler by
a middle vertical pipe and by branch pipes passing to opposite sides of the air
chamber.

page_text: A heating chamber or calciner for burning refuse matter and for melting the tin
off refuse tin scrap, tin plate goods and for other like purposes may be interposed
between the fireplace or furnace and the vertical boiler. In this case the heated
air and products of combustion from the furnace or fireplace first pass over the
bed of the heating chamber and then pass to the vertical boiler for heating the
same.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawings the
manner in which my invention is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in side elevation and Figure 2 in front elevation a vertical
steam boiler and its furnace and appliances connected therewith constructed
according to my invention;
Figure 3 represents a longitudinal vertical section of the lower part of the
steam boiler and its furnace and Figure 4 represents a cross section of the
same;
Figure 5 represents a plan of the fuel feeding hopper and parts of the boiler.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several figures of
the drawings.
.
a is the vertical cylindrical steam boiler beneath which, and preferably situated
below the ground level, is the furnace or fire place b. It will be seen that the
vertical steam boiler is supported upon the top of the furnace b and the fire space
of the boiler opens into the said furnace. The furnace b is provided with the usual
slightly inclined fire bars b, & under which is a closed air chamber or ashpit c.
The front of the furnace b is furnished with clearing doors d, d and the air chamber
or ash pit c is also furnished with a clearing door e which also serves for admitting
air for the purpose hereinafter described.
h
The dust-bin refuse or other like refuse combustible matter is fed on to the_fire
bars, of the furnace 6 by the apparatus best seen in Figures 4 and 5. That
is to say, at a short distance above the bottom of the vertical boiler a is a fuel
charging hole fand in line with the said charging hole is a horizontal tubular
hopper g having at front au expanding trough shaped mouth h.
The hopper 9,
is supported by the struts or frame h. Between the tubular part g and the trough
part of the feeding hopper is a sliding door or valve i which opens communication
with or cuts off communication from the boiler and furnace. The dust bin refuse
matter is placed by the attendant or stoker in the trough h of the hopper and by
opening the sliding door or valve i the contents of the said trough may be pushed
through the charging hole f of the boiler and allowed to fall through the fire space
of the boiler onto the fire bars 6 of the furnace b where it is burned, the products
of combustion after circulating about the fire space and around the water tubes of
the boiler and heating the said boiler, escaping through the central flue to the
chimney as will be understood by an examination of Figures 2 and 4.
The trough
part h of the fuel feeding hopper is continuously maintained full of the refuse
combustible matter which is fed from time to time to the furnace in the manner
described.
The furnace and its ash pit care practically closed chambers during the
working of the boiler and for promoting the combustion of the small refuse matter
on the fire bars 63, 62, I use a forced draught produced preferably by the steam
jets represented; but the forced draught may be produced by a fan. In the
drawing two steam jets k, k are shown in the air chamber or ash pit c, the said jets
being supplied with steam from the upper part of the boiler a by the middle
vertical pipe and brauch pipes m, m passing to opposite sides of the air chamber
or ash pit as seen in Figure 2. A valve n at the junction of the vertical pipe
with the branch pipes m controls the supply of steam to the jets.
In starting the furnace before the steam jets are operative, the combustion is
maintained for a time by opening the clearing door e of the air chamber or ash
pit c of the furnace and on the production of steam in the boiler the steam jets k, k
are put into action for producing the forced draught referred to.
When it is required that the ash or burnt matter accumulating in the ashpit c

page_text: should be freed from clinker and that the working of the vertical boiler by the
combustion of dust bin refuse and the like should be free from offensive odour the
refuse animal and vegetable matter oyster and mussel shells and the like may be
separated from the dust bin refuse and burned in a chamber or calciner in connection
with the furnace under the boiler, the said chamber or calciner being heated by a
separate furnace. This modified or double furnace in connection with the vertical
boiler is represented in side elevation in Figure 6; longitudinal vertical section
in Figure and horizontal section in Figure 8; Figure 9 represents an end
elevation of the furnace taken at the right hand end and Figure 10 represents
a cross section taken through the middle heating or calcining chamber on the
dotted line X X Figure 7.
b is the furnace immediately under the boiler a and p is the supplementary
furnace by which the middle or calcining chamber q is heated, forced draught in
each of the said furnaces b and p being produced by the steam jets k, k in the
ash pits or closed chambers c, c, steam being supplied by the pipes m, m, 1 from
the steam boiler (see Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9). The middle heating or calcining
chamber is formed by the two bridges r, of the front and back furnaces b
and P
and the back wall of the combined furnacos. In the chamber 7 and near
the bridge r is a partition s perforated near its bottom to form outlet passages t, t
through which the products of combustion from the chamber 9 and its heating
furnace p pass into the furnace b and from thence to the boiler. By means of
the partitions the products of combustion are made to descend and pass over the
bed of the heating or calcining chamber before they escape to the furnace b
so as to effectually burn the matter on the said bed. The chamber q is opened
and closed by the vertically sliding and counterbalanced door u. The bed of the
chamber may be flat or inclined downwards either from the bridge or from
the back wall of the chamber.
१
For the purpose of controlling the draught through the chamber or calciner q
on first lighting the furnace p, I arrange a sliding damper & in the partition s
which damper is balanced and worked by a lever.
In the chamber r the refuse vegetable and animal matter or other matter is
placed and burned or calcined by the products of combustion from the furnace p.
The offensive gases given off from the matters burned in the chamber g by passing
through the furnace b are destroyed and are thereby prevented from being conveyed
to the air. Hence the destruction of refuse animal and vegetable matter is made
inoffensive in its operation. The solid matter or ash on the bed of the chamber
resulting from the burning of the refuse animal and vegetable matters is removed
from time to time by raising the door u.
The dust bin refuse is fed to the front furnace 6 of the compound furnace by
a hopper of the kind hereinbefore described, but the back furnace is fed through
the front or charging doors d, d.
The heating chamber q may be used for melting the tin off refuse tin scrap, tin
plate goods and for other like purposes. A drying chamber as indicated in
dotted lines in Figure 10 may be- arranged at the top of the back furnace p for
drying the animal and vegetable matters before they are burned in the chamber q.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that I claim as my
invention of "Improvements in vertical steam boilers and their furnaces for utilizing
dust-bin refuse of towns and the like":-
First. The combination with a vertical steam boiler of a forced draught furnace
substantially of the kind described and illustrated, whereby dust bin refuse of
towns and other like refuse combustible matter can be readily burned in the said
furnace for the economical production of steam, the parts of the said combined
boiler and furnace being constructed and arranged substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the accompanying
drawings.

page_text: Secondly. The combination with the steam boiler and furnace claimed in the
first claim of the fuel feeding hopper herein before described and illustrated in
Figures 1, 2, 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings.
Thirdly. The combination with the steam boiler and furnace claimed in the
first claim of a heating or calcining chamber, heated by a supplementary forced
draught furnace, the products of combustion from the said chamber and supple-
mentary furnace passing into the principal furnace under the boiler substantially
as herein before described and illustrated in Figures 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 of the
accompanying drawings.
Dated the Fifteenth day of June 1896.
THOMAS PHILIP MARSH.