Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN DRILLING MACHINES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Theodore Naish, of the Firm of A. J. Naish and Sons, of
Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Ironfounders and Machinists, for an
"
Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN DRILLING MACHINES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Theodore Naish at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th May 1880.
THEODORE NAISH, of the Firm of A. J. Naish and Sons, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Ironfounders and Machinists. "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRILLING
MACHINES."
My Invention consists of the improvements herein after described in drilling
machines by which improvements an automatic feed or advance motion may be
given to the drill in combination with its rotary motion, the mechanism by which
the feed motion is effected being capable of adjustment so as to produce the
required amount of feed or to produce no feed, or to effect the withdrawal or
retiring motion of the drill.
2
In constructing a drilling machine having my improvements I make the framing of
the machine, the drill and the bevil gearing by which the drill is driven very nearly
in the ordinary way. The drill spindle is keyed to the collar surrounding it, and
carrying one of the bevil wheels by a sliding key in the ordinary way, but the
upper end of the drill spindle bas a screw thread cut upon it, and passes through
short collar situated immediately above the collar and bevil wheel referred to.
This short collar has an internal screw thread cut in it, and works on the upper
screwed end of the drill spindle as a screw nut. I will herein after call this collar
the screwed collar. This screwed collar has at its top a circular disc which may be
four or fives times the diameter of the drill spindle. On the driving shaft carrying
the other bevil wheel is a sliding collar keyed to and rotating with it. This collar
has a disc as large or nearly so as that on the screwed collar on the drill spindle.
The periphery of the disc on the sliding collar bears against the underface of the
disc on the screwed collar, and when rotating communicates rotary motion thereto
the gearing being effected by friction. By moving the sliding collar on the shaft
carrying it, its disc may be made to act upon the disc of the screwed collar at a
greater or less distance from its centre, and thus communicate motion to the
screwed collar slower than, equal to, or quicker than, its own motion.

page_text: The action of the parts is as follows:-When the sliding collar is so adjusted
that its disc acts upon the disc on the screwed collar at a distance from the axis of
the screwed spindle equal to its own radius, it gives rotation to the screwed collar
at a speed equal to that of the drill spindle. As the drill spindle and the screwed
collar upon its screwed upper part rotate at the same rate, there is no advancing
or retiring motion of the drill spindle in the screwed collar, and no feed of the
´drill. When however the sliding collar is so adjusted that its disc acts on the disc
of the screwed collar at a greater distance from its centre than that last supposed
the screwed collar rotates more slowly than the drill spindle. This is equivalent
to a slow unscrewing of the screwed collar on the drill spindle, and as the screwed
collar has no sliding motion this unscrewing action produces the advance motion or
feed of the drill. By different adjustments of the sliding collar different rates of
feed may be determined or the retiring of the drill effected.
In large drilling machines the discs described may be replaced by toothed gearing,
the screwed collar having wheels of different diameters to give different degrees of
feed.
My improvements are also applicable both to hand worked and power driven
drilling machines.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Theodore Naish in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 29th
October 1880.
66
THEODORE NAISH, of the Firm of A. J. Naish and Sons, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Ironfounders and Machinists. IMPROVEMENTS IN DRILLING
MACHINES."
My Invention consists of the improvements, herein after described, in drilling
machines, by which improvements an automatic feed or advance motion may be
given to the drill in combination with its rotary motion, the mechanism by which
the feed motion is effected being capable of adjustment, so as to produce the
required amount of feed, or to produce no feed, or to effect the withdrawal or
retiring motion of the drill.
In constructing a drilling machine having my improvements I make the framing
of the machine, the drill, and the bevil gearing by which the drill is driven very
nearly in the ordinary way. The drill spindle is keyed to the collar surrounding
it, and carrying one of the bevil wheels by a'sliding key in the ordinary way; but
the upper end of the drill spindle has a screw thread cut upon it, and passes
through a short collar situated immediately above the collar and bevil wheel
referred to. This short collar has an internal screw thread cut in it, and works
on the upper screwed end of the drill spindle as a screw nut. I will herein after
call this collar the screwed collar. This screwed collar has at its top a circular
disc, which may be four or five times the diameter of the drill spindle. On the
driving shaft carrying the other bevil wheel, is a sliding collar keyed to and
rotating with it. This collar has a disc nearly as large as that on the screwed
collar on the drill spindle. The periphery of the disc on the sliding collar bears
against the underside of the disc on the screwed collar, and when rotating com-
municates rotary motion thereto, the gearing being effected by friction. By
moving the sliding collar on the shaft carrying it its disc may be made to act upon
the disc of the screwed collar at a greater or less distance from its centre, and
thus communicate motion to the screwed collar slower than, equal to, or quicker
than its own motion. The action of the parts is as follows:-When the sliding
collar is so adjusted that its disc acts upon the disc on the screwed collar at a
distance from the axis of the screwed spindle equal to its own radius, it gives
rotation to the screwed collar at a speed equal to that of the drill spindle. As the
drill spindle and the screwed collar upon its screwed upper part rotate at the same
rate, there is no advancing or retiring motion of the drill spindle in the screwed
collar and no feed of the drill. When, however, the sliding collar is so adjusted
that its disc acts on the disc of the screwed collar at a greater distance from its
centre than that last supposed the screwed collar rotates more slowly than the
drill spindle. This is equivalent to a slow unscrewing of the screwed collar on the
drill spindle, and as the screwed collar has no sliding motion this unscrewing action
produces the advance motion or feed of the drill. By different adjustments of
the sliding collar different rates of feed may be determined or the retiring of the
drill effected.
In large drilling machines the discs described may be replaced by toothed
gearing, the screwed collar having wheels of different diameters to give different
degrees of feed.
My improvements are applicable both to hand worked and power driven drilling
machines.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings the
manner in which my Invention is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in side elevation a portion of a drilling machine constructed
according to my Invention, and Figure 2 represents a vertical section of the same;

page_text: the said Figures 1 and 2 representing those parts of the drilling machine containing
my improvements. The parts of the drilling machine not represented differ in no
essential respect from those of an ordinary drilling machine. The same letters of
reference indicate the same parts; a is the drill spindle, which is keyed to the
collar a by a sliding key, the position of which is indicated by dotted lines at c,
Figure 2. The collar a³ carries at its top a bevil wheel b, which works between the
part of the framing of the machine and the collar e herein after referred to. The
upper end of the drill spindle a has the screw thread cut upon it, and the said
upper screwed part of the drill spindle passes through the short collar e, situated
immediately above the collar a³ and bevil wheel b, and works between the top of
the collar a² and the part x of the framing of the machine. The short collar e has
an internal screw thread cut in it of a size and shape proper to engage with the
screw d on the upper end of the drill spindle a, the said screwed collar e working
upon the screwed part d of the spindle as a screw nut. The screwed collar e has at
its top the circular disc f. This disc may conveniently have a diameter four or five
times that of the drill spindle a; g is the driving shaft of the drilling machine,
carrying at its end a bevil wheel of the same size as and gearing with the bevil
wheel b. The said driving shaft g carries a collar i keyed to it by a sliding key, and
rotating with it but capable of sliding upon it. This collar i carries a disc k nearly
as large as the disc f on the screwed collar e. The periphery of the disc k on the
sliding collar i bears against the under surface of the disc f on the screwed collar e,
and when by the rotation of the driving shaft g the disc k is made to rotate, it
communicates rotatory motion to the disc f and screwed collar e, the gearing of the
periphery of the disck with the underface of the disc f being effected by friction
between the parts. By sliding the collar i in one or other direction on the driving
shaft g the periphery of its disc & may be made to gear with the disc f at a greater or
less distance from the centre of the said disc f, and be thereby made to communicate
to the said disc f a rotatory motion slower than, equal to, or quicker than its own
rotary motion.
When the sliding collar is so adjusted on the driving shaft g that its dise / acts
upon the disc f on the screwed collar e at a distance from the axis of the drill
spindle a, equal to the distance between the periphery of the disc and the axis of
the driving shaft the rotation of the two discs and f will be at the same rate,
that is, each of the said discs performs one rotation in the same unit of time. As
the bevil wheels band have the same number of teeth the motion communicated
by the driving shaft g through the said bevil wheels to the collar a² and drill
spindle a is at the same rate as that of the said driving shaft g, that is, for each
rotation of the driving shaft g the drill spindle a makes a rotation. If the sliding
collar i be brought to such a position on the driving shaft g. that each rotation of
the disc produces one rotation of the disc f and screwed collar e then there will
be no sliding motion communicated to the drill spindle a; the said drill spindle by
its rotation advancing in the screwed collar e as fast as the thread of the said
screwed collar e is advancing in the same direction. In other words, as the drill
spindle a and collar a² rotate in the same direction as the screwed collar e when the
rate of rotation of the said collar e is the same as that of the drill spindle a, there
will be no screwing of the screw & in either direction in the screwed collar e, and
consequently no sliding or feed motion in the drill spindle. If however, the
collar i be adjusted on the driving shaft in such a position that its disc / acts on
the disc fat a greater distance from the axis of the drill spindle than that last
supposed the disc f, and consequently the collar e will rotate more slowly than the
disc, and the screw d will advance in the screwed collar e at a rate dependent
upon the different rates of rotation of the drill spindle a. and screwed collar e, and
there will be a corresponding feed of the drill spindle. If however, the collar i be
adjusted on the driving shaft g, so as to make the periphery of the disc k act upon
the disc fat a point nearer the axis of the drill spindle a than that first supposed,
the rotation of the screwed collar e will be more rapid than that of the drill spindle,
and the back or retiring motion of the said drill spindle will be effected.

page_text: By different adjustments of the sliding collar i different rates of the feed and the
retiring motion of the drill spindle may be effected.
In order to effect the adjustment of the collar i upon the driving shaft g, and to
fix the said collar i in its adjusted position prefer to employ the arrangement of
parts represented in plan in Figure 3. A portion of the arrangement is also
represented in Figure 1. g is the driving shaft, and i is the sliding collar. Upon
the said collar i a saddle or forked piece 7 (see Figures 1 and 2) is situated; m is a
lever jointed at n to the framing of the machine, its free end being formed into a
haudle P. The said lever is situated over and crosses the driving shaft g; a pin q
on the top of the saddle or forked piece l, engaging in a slot in that part of the
lever immediately over the driving shaft g. The pin q is retained in its place in
the slot by the screw nuts; t is a quadrant slot made in the part u of the
framing of the machine situated immediately below the lever m. A screw pin
passed from the underside of the part u through the slot t, and through a hole in
the lever mat that part which traverses, the slot t has a fly nut v upon it, by
tightening which the position of the lever m, and consequently that of the sliding
collar i may be fixed. By slackening the fly nut v motion is permitted to the lever m
for the purpose of changing the position of the sliding collar i.
In large drilling machines the frictional discs f, k, may be replaced by toothed
gearing, the screwed collar e having wheels of different diameters for the toothed
wheel replacing the disc / to engage with. In order to give a rapid retiring or
withdrawing motion to the drill edge of the disc, k may be brought against the
shoulder e² of the collar e, in which case I prefer to make teeth on the parts k
and e respectively, in order to gear the said parts more securely than can be
effected by frictional gearing when the disc acts on the disc f near the axis of the
said disc f
From the description herein before given it will be understood that by the change
of position of the collar i on the driving shaft g either an advance or feed motion
of the drill spindle together with a rotatory motion, or a rotatory motion of the
said spindle without either a feed or retiring motion, or a retiring motion of the
said spindle accompanied by a rotatory motion may be effected, these several
motions being accomplished without any change in the direction of rotation of the
driving shaft g.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which
the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I claim as my
Invention, the improvements in drilling machines herein before described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings, whereby an automatic feed or advance
motion, or a retiring motion may be given to the drill in combination with its
rotary motion, that is to say, the combination of the disc f fixed on the screwed
collar e, in which the upper screwed end of the drill spindle engages with a disc k
and collar i, rotating with and sliding upon the driving shaft of the machine, the
said collar and disc being capable by their sliding motion of approaching to a
greater or less distance from the axis of the drill spindle, and thereby determining
either a feed or advance motion, or a retiring motion of the said drill spindle
combined with its rotatory motion, the several parts of the feed mechanism being
constructed, arranged, and working, substantially as described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Theodore Naish, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty seventh day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eightv.