and Panning Biscuits.
Year: 1885

page_text: and Panning Biscuits.
We JOHN VICARS the Elder THOMAS VICARS and JOHN VICARS the Younger
all of 29 Seel Street Liverpool in the County of Lancaster Engineers do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The objects are (a) to simplify the apparatus for giving motion to the rollers
(b) to equalize the action of the rollers on the dough and (c) to simplify the construc-
tion of the driving gear for giving motion to the chains or their equivalents
carrying the pans.
The first part relates to machines in which the rollers are actuated through a
ratchet wheel by means of three or more pawls or their equivalents receiving
motion from an adjustable crank pin, and consists in actuating two of the said
pawls or their equivalents by connecting rods direct and the additional pawl or
pawls by means of a lever coupled to the said crank pin and to the pawls by
connecting rods.
The second part consists in making the lower parts of the bearings of the upper
roller movable, and in sustaining the weight of the said upper rollers, and main-
taining their axles in contact with the upper parts of the bearings by means of*
springs or weights acting on the lower parts of the bearings above mentioned.
The third part consists in securing on the driving shaft of the chains or their
equivalents carrying the pans a ratchet wheel or its equivalent for giving regular
motion to the said shaft, and for giving accelerated motion thereto in fitting loosely
on the said shaft a second ratchet wheel having internal teeth which gear with a
pinion on a stud attached to an adjustable carrier the pinion in its turn gearing
with a second pinion secured to the shaft above mentioned. The adjustable carrier
is preferably held in position by a worm.
Under a further modification we employ in combination four wheels geared
together and connected and adjusted in position by links. Two of the said wheels
are ratchet wheels, one of which is secured on the driving shaft above mentioned,
D071
'

page_text: whilst the other is free to revolve on a stud.
advantageously effected by rack and worm gear.
The adjustment of the links is
The fourth part consists in improved means for giving the driving chains or their
equivalents carrying the pans both regular and accelerated motion at the desired
times. This part of the invention consists essentially in imparting the regular
motion to the said chains or their equivalents by means of gearing actuating one
chain carrying shaft and in imparting the accelerating motion by gearing actuating
a second chain carrying shaft. Ratchet gear is employed by preference, and slotted
lever and link connections are used to admit of separate adjustment of gear for
giving the regular and accelerated speeds to the said chain carrying shafts.
J. T. KING,
per J. Richman,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: and Panning Biscuits.
We JOHN VICARS the Elder, THOMAS VICARS and JOHN VICARS the Younger
all of 29 Seel Street Liverpool in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
The objects are (a) to simplify the apparatus for giving motion to the rollers
(b) to equalize the action of the rollers on the dough, and (c) to simplify the con-
struction of the driving gear for giving motion to the chains or their equivalents
carrying the pans.
The first part relates to machines in which the rollers are actuated through a
ratchet wheel by means of three or more pawls or their equivalents receiving
motion from an adjustable crank pin, and consists in actuating two of the said
pawls or their equivalents by connecting rods direct, and the additional pawl or
pawls by means of a lever coupled to the said crank pin and to the pawls by
connecting rods.
The second part consists in making the lower part of the bearings of the upper
roller movable, and in sustaining the weight of the said upper rollers and
maintaining their axles in contact with the upper parts of the bearings by means
of springs or weights acting on the lower parts of the bearings above mentioned.
The third part consists in securing on the driving shaft of the chains or their.
equivalents carrying the pans a ratchet wheel or its equivalent for giving regular
motion to the said shaft, and for giving accelerated motion thereto in fitting loosely
on the said shaft a second ratchet wheel having internal teeth which gear with a
pinion on a stud attached to an adjustable carrier. the pinion in its turn gearing
with a second pinion secured to the shaft above mentioned. The adjustable carrier
is preferably held in position by a worm.
Under a further modification we employ in combination four wheels geared
together and connected and adjusted in position by links. Two of the said wheels
are ratchet wheels, one of which is secured on the driving shaft above mentioned,
whilst the other is free to revolve on a stud. The adjustment of the links is
advantageously effected by rack and worm gear.
The fourth part consists in improved means for giving the driving chains or their
equivalents carrying the pans both regular and accelerated motion at the desired
times. This part of the invention consists essentially in imparting the regular
motion to the said chains or their equivalents by means of gearing actuating one
chain carrying shaft, and in imparting the accelerating motion, by gearing actuating
a second chain carrying shaft. Ratchet gear is employed by preference, and slotted
lever and link connections are used to admit of separate adjustment of gear for
giving the regular and accelerated speeds to the said chain carrying shafts.

page_text: First part. 1 frame of machine. 2 dough rollers 3 ratchet wheel secured on the
axle 4 of the dough roller. 5. 6. 7 pawls carried by arms 8. 9. 10 pivotted on the
axle 4. The arms 8 and 9 carrying the pawls 5 and 6 are coupled direct to
the adjustable crank pin 11 by connecting rods 12. 13 and the arm 10 carrying
the pawl 7 is coupled to the said crank pin 11 through the connecting rod 14,
rocking lever 15 and connecting rod 16. The crank pin 11 is carried in slides in
a block 27 attached to one end of the inain driving shaft 18, and is secured in
position by a jam nut or equivalent device.
The action of this part of the apparatus is as follows:-The crank pin is adjusted
and secured in the slides in the block 17 the necessary distance from the centre
of the shaft 18 to give such amount of motion to the pawls 5. 6. and 7 as will
ensure the dough rollers travelling at the requisite speed. It will be seen that
owing to the angular positions of the connecting rods 8 and 9 and the intervention
of the lever 15 the pawls act consecutively on the ratchet wheel 3 and give
approximately uniformly continuous motion thereto, the effect being superior and
the number of parts fewer than has hitherto been the case when ratchet driving
gear has been used in these machines. .
Second part. The lower parts 19 of the bearings of the upper dough roller 2 are
free to slide in guides 20. 21 are bolts which pass through the upper parts 22 of
the bearings and are attached to the lower parts 19 and the cap 23. The upper
parts 22 are free to slide in the guides 20. 24 springs interposed between the
cap 23 and upper parts 22 of the bearings. 25 screw raising and lowering gear of
usual construction attached to the upper parts 22 of the bearings.
When in use the upper parts of the bearings are raised the required height by
the screw gear and carry with them by means of the springs 24 and their connec-
tions, the lower parts 19 of the bearings and upper dough roller 2, the springs 24
being of sufficient strength to sustain the weight of the said roller. It will be
obvious that weights might be substituted for springs and that the connections
between the lower parts of the bearings and springs or weights might be varied.
The third part is illustrated in detail in Fig. 3. 26 driving shaft for the
chains 27 carrying the pans. 28 ratchet wheel attached to shaft 26. 29 ratchet
wheel fitting loosely on shaft 26 and provided with internal teeth 30. 31 pinion
on stud 32 carried by arm 33 fitting loosely on shaft 26, and formed with a
quadrant 34 having teeth which take into the worm 35 operated by a hand wheel
from any convenient position. The pinion 31 is in gear with a pinion 36 secured
to the shaft 26. The ratchet wheel 28 is made with a considerable number of
right handed teeth whilst the ratchet wheel 29 has four or any other suitable
number of left handed teeth. 37 arm fitting loosely on the shaft 26 and carrying
pawls for giving motion to the ratchet wheels 28 29. 38 rod for giving motion to
the arm 37. The rod 38 is driven from any convenient moving part, and the
length of its stroke is adjusted in any suitable manner.
The action is as follows:-The ratchet wheel 28 receives uniform intermittent.
motion by means of its actuating pawl and causes the chains carrying the pans to
have a regular step by step forward motion. At the required times the ratchet
wheel 29 receives motion from its pawl and acting by means of its internal teeth
on the pinion 31 gives to the pinion 36 and thereby the shaft 26 and chains 27
additional forward motion. The amount of the uniform step by step motion is
regulated by adjusting the extent of motion of the arm 37, and the extent and
time of action of the ratchet wheel 29 is regulated by altering the position of the
arı 33 and pinion 31 by means of the worm 35 and quadrant 34.
In the above manner the correct motions for panning any size of biscuits are
obtained.
A further improvement under this part of our invention is illustrated in fig. 4.
Here the shaft 26 has secured to it a ratchet wheel 28, and behind that a spur
wheel 39, or the wheel 39 may be cast with the ratchet wheel 28. On an arm 33
fitting loosely on the shaft 26 is a pinion 43 carried by a stud. 32. The arm 33 is
provided with a quadrant 34 having teeth which take into a worm 35 as set forth

page_text: 45 arm
under fig. 3. 29 is a second ratchet wheel carried by a stud 40 and having four or
any other suitable number of left handed teeth. 41 is a spur wheel secured to or
formed with the ratchet wheel 29 and 42. 43 are spur wheels connected by links 44
and geared together with the wheels 39 and 41. 37 arm fitting loosely on the
shaft 26 and carrying the pawl for giving motion to the ratchet wheel 28.
fitting loosely on the stud 40 and carrying the pawl for giving motion to the
ratchet wheel 29. 38 rod giving motion to the arms 37 and 45. The action is as
follows:-The ratchet wheel 28 receives uniform step by step motion whilst the
ratchet wheel 29 receives motion at stated intervals and imparts that motion
through the spur wheels 41. 42 and 43 and 39 to the ratchet wheel 28. It will be
obvious that various means of adjusting the arm 33 in figs. 3 and 4 may be used
instead of the quadrant and worm.
The fourth part is illustrated in figs. 1 and 2. Here regular motion is given to
the chains 27 carried at one end by the. shaft 26 by means of a pawl carried by
the arm 37 acting on the ratchet wheel 28. Accelerated motion is given to the
said chains 27 by means of a pawl carried on the rocking lever 46. which acts on
the ratchet wheel 29 secured to the shaft 47 which carries the other end of the
chains 27. Motion is given to the lever 46 by means of a connecting rod 48
coupled to the arm 37. 49 slots to allow of adjustment of the parts to obtain the
required motions,
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
First. In machines for rolling dough the combination with the driving axle 4 of
one of the rollers of the ratchet wheel 3, pawls 5. 6. 7. arms 8. 9. 10 connecting
rods 12. 13. 14. 16 rocking lever 15 and adjustable crank pin 11 substantially as
setforth.
Second. In machines for rolling dough carrying the lower parts of the bearings
of the upper roller by means of springs or weights connected to the upper parts of
the said bearings substantially as setforth.
Third. In machines for panning biscuits the combination with the driving
shaft 26 of ratchets 28. 29 pinion 31 adjustable arın 33. pinion 36. arm.and
pawls 37 and rod 38 substantially in the manner and for the purpose setforth.
Fourth. In machines for panning biscuits the combination of the shaft 26 with
the ratchets 28. 29 adjustable arm 33, spur wheels 39 41. 42. 43, links 44 arms and
pawls 38 and 45 and rod 38 substantially in the manner and for the purpose
setforth.
Fifth. In machines for panning biscuits giving the chains carrying the pans
regular and accelerated motion by gear actuating separate carrying shafts.
Sixth. In machines for panning biscuits the combination of the shaft 26 chains 27.
ratchet wheels 28 29. and 37, rocking lever 46, shaft 47 and connecting rod 48
substantially as setforth.
Seventh. In machines for rolling dough and panning biscuits, the combination
of two or more of the several improvements herein setforth.
Dated this twenty coventh day of Containhon 1000