Improvements in Chandeliers, Pendants, Brackets, and the like for Burning Mineral and other Oils.
Year: 1894

page_text: Improvements in Chandeliers, Pendants, Brackets, and the like for
Burning Mineral and other Oils.'
I, DAVID LAMBDEN of 423 Old Ford Road, London, E. Builder do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to bo
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in such chandeliers, pendants, brackets,
and the like, as are used for burning paraffin, and other hydrocarbon, mineral or
vegetable oils, in which it has hitherto been customary to provide an oil reservoir
for, and immediately below each burner, and the greater the illuminating power of
the said burner, or the number of hours it was required to burn, or both, the
greater were the dimensions of the reservoir necessary therefor, and the shadow
cast from the said reservoir has prohibited the use of such lamps for many purposes
where their cheapness, or the absence of gas, or both, would have rendered their
services desirable.
My invention is designed to overcome these objections and inconveniences, which
I attain by employing a main oil reservoir, of any dimensions, from which may
branch one or any number of tubes, or arms, which act as conduits for the oil, at
the end of each of which provide a small reservoir, level with the main reservoir,
the dimensions of such minor reservoirs being only sufficient to carry the burner,
and contain enough oil to keep the cotton always supplied, and as the largest
diameter of these need not exceed that of the burner, it follows, that the shadow
thrown therefrom would be nil, or approximately so, and would in this direction
compare favourably with that of any ordinary gas burner.
In order that my invention may be the better understood I have hereunto
appended a sheet of drawings, in which :-
:-
Fig. 1 is a representation of a three light chandelier constructed according to my
invention.
Fig. 2 illustrates the application of my invention as an ordinary T light.
Fig. 3 illustrates the application of same as an ordinary bracket.
Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating the manner of adapting my invention for
illuminating billiard tables and the like.
In the construction of chaudeliers as illustrated by Fig. 1, I carry my invention
into effect by employing the major part of ordinary gas fittings, that is to say, to
the lower end of the pendant A I screw or otherwise connect a main reservoir B,
provided with a screw plug a, and from the said reservoir may branch any number
of arins or conduits C, which may be straight, curved, or bent in almost any
direction desired so long as no part of these is above the level of the inlet a of the
main reservoir B. Upon the free end of eacli arm C, I screw or otherwise attach
a minor reservoir D, the upper portion or mouths of which are in no case below,
but preferably level with the inlet a of B, as shewn by the dotted lines, while their
lower ends are, preferably, reduced in width as shown for the prevention of shadow,
and each provided with a small aperture, in order that the oil when placed in B
may flow through the arm C thereto. The mouths of these reservoirs D, would
be provided with a screw thread or its equivalent, for the reception of such
burners E as may be employed, and the cottons used in connection therewith, in
the usual way.
It is obvious that by removing the plug a the whole of the reservoirs D may be
charged or recharged by pouring oil into B, and that when B is filled, the whole of
the reservoirs D would be filled. and that the latter being level with the former, it

page_text: would not be possible to overcharge D without overcharging B, and that the oil
in D would always be level with the oil in B.
1 may provide each arm C with a tap such as F, in order that any one of these
may be shut off from use if required, and when the said arms are of the shape
shown in Fig. 1, or similar thereto, or other than straight, I may provide in the
dip of each a plug or its equivalent G, to facilitate cleaning, and for other
purposes.
In the construction of ordinary. T lights as used in warehouses, workshops,
offices, and other places, and as shewn in Fig. 2, the same adaptation of ordinary
gas fittings applies equally with Fig. 1, by simply connecting in like manner a
main reservoir B with plug a to the pendant A, and connecting to B the arms C,
each provided with a minor reservoir D, operating in precisely the same manner as
that described when referring to Fig. 1, and by reference to the diagram Fig. 4,
the manner of adapting my invention for illuminating billiard tables and the like,
will be understood without further description.
In Fig. 3 I illustrate the manner of employing my invention as an ordinary
bracket, in which the reservoir B may be arranged to hang upon, or be permanently
fixed to a wall, post, or other perpendicular surface, and from which may branch
one or more arms or oil conduits C, straight as shewn, or curved or bent in any
manner desired, such for instance, as that shewn at Fig. 1, or the arm C of Fig. 3
may have one or any number of joints, similar to a jointed gas bracket, but
subject to the conditions of the reservoir D being level with the reservoir B, as
hereinbefore mentioned.
My invention may also be adapted in connection with telescopic pendants, but in
such cases the weight of the reservoir B, may necessitate a collar and set screw,
upon the outer tube, in order that the said screw may bite and hold the inner tube
in the position desired, and when employed in connection with telescopic chandeliers,
the weight of the reservoir B may be compensated by superweighting the ordinary
balance weights thereof. Or where the gross weight of the whole is a consideration,
I may dispense with weights and connect the ends of the chains to hollow pulleys,
each provided with an interual coil or other spring, and in addition to such balance
weights or their equivalent springs, 1 may use a collar and set screw upon the
outer tube as before described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what mauner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. In the construction of chandeliers, pendants, brackets, and the like, adapted
to burn hydrocarbon or other mineral or vegetable oils, the combination of a main
reservoir B, from which extends one or any number of arms or oil conduits C, with
or without cocks F and plugs G and each carrying a shadowless reservoir D,
provided with a burner E, substantially as and for the purposes herein.described
and shewn by the appended drawings.
2nd. In the construction of chandeliers, pendants, brackets, and the like, adapted
to burn any kind of oil for illuminating purposes, the employment of the therein
described method of supplying, any number of burners and shadowless reservoirs
from one main reservoir, and the incans for carrying the same into effect, connected,
combined, and operating, substantially as herein set forth and shewn, and for the
purposes stated.
1
GEO. THOS. HYDE,
1, Broad Street Buildings, Liverpool Street, London, E.C.