IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David Crichton, William Donbavand, and Duncan
Crighton, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Crichton, William
Donbavand and Duncan Crighton at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 12th June 1867.
We, DAVID CRICHTON, WILLIAM DONBAVAND, and DUNCAN CRIGHTON, of
the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to
be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to the shuttle binders for binding or holding the
shuttle in the shuttle boxes of looms, and consists in various improvements
for enabling the shuttle to have an easier entrance and delivery to and from
the shuttle boxes when driven by the pickers, thereby considerably reducing
the power required to work the loom, and diminishing the wear in the parts
which operate the shuttle action.
First, instead of the ordinary swells we employ at each end of the lathe
or batten a combination of an ordinary inclined swell motion with a curvilinear
pressure apparatus turning to and fro on an axis as the shuttle travels in and
out of the shuttle boxes in the process of weaving.

page_text: Secondly, we combine the ordinary inclined swell with a curvilinear
circular apparatus turning on an axis to and fro, for the purpose as first
stated.
And, thirdly, we apply to the ordinary inclined or curved swell binder at
either side of the fulcrum one or more supplementary springs or their equiva-
lents for the purpose of assisting and regulating the pressure of the binders on
the shuttles as they enter and leave the boxes, and thereby enabling the
shuttle to have an easier entrance and delivery in and out of the boxes and
giving the required pressure on the stop rod and binders when the shuttle
arrives at the ends of the boxes.
The nature of our improvements will be understood by reference to the
figures and letters drawn and marked on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings,
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 being plaus of one end of the lathe or batten of a loom
with our improvements connected with the shuttle, the other end being
arranged in a similar manner.
In the said Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, a represents one end of the race board
of the lathe; b, the shuttle; c, the lever of the swell binder for working the
stop rod; d, the finger end of the stop rod having its mainspring under the
lathe; and e, one of the pickers.
We
The first arrangement of our improved binder is shown in Fig. 1.
attach to the lever c or form on it an incline f, and employ a curvilinear
binder g, which is held up to its place for the return of the shuttle by the
spring or its equivalent.
The operation of the motion is as follows:-When the shuttle enters a box
it comes in contact with the incline f and curvilinear binder 9, and pushes
them back, and with them the lever c, and the stop rod and finger d, and
continues its motion until it comes against the picker e, which then operates
the return stroke and throws the shuttle b across the race board into the box
at the opposite end of the lathe to repeat a similar operation.
The second part of our improvements is shewn in Fig. 2.
We place or
form on the swell lever can incline f, similar to that shewn in Fig. 1, and
employ a curvilinear circular apparatus g. When the shuttle enters the box
it moves back the inclined swell binder c, f, and in its advance turns the
circular binder g, thereby enabling the shuttle to have an easy entrance.
The third part of our improvements is shewn in Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6. To
the ordinary inclined shuttle binder we apply the horizontal supplementary
flat springs i, Figs. 3 and 4, or the horizontal supplementary springs i, Figs. 5
and 6, for enabling the shuttle to have an easy entrance and delivery in and
out of the boxes.

page_text: In the arrangement shewn in Fig. 3, when the shuttle enters a box it
comes in contact with the swell of the binder c and moves it and the stop
rod finger d back until the shuttle arrives near the picker e, at which time
the supplementary spring i rests on the stop k, and the shuttle at that position
receives the greatest pressure from the binder c. In Fig. 4 the supplementary
spring i does not come in contact with the binder c until the shuttle has entered
the box and presses back the binder c to a certain distance, when the spring i
operates on the binder c with a gradually increased force until the shuttle
arrives nearly to the end of the box, where the greatest required pressure is
exerted by the binder c on the shuttle by the finger d of the stop rod and the
supplementary spring i, which holds it firm in the box for the return throw of
the shuttle to the other end of the lathe.
In Fig. 5 there is a projecting arm / fixed to the binder c, and a horizontal
spring i fixed to the back of the lathe, the arrangement being reverse to that
shewn in Fig. 4.
In Fig. 6 there is a bracket m fixed to the binder c and a horizontal
spring i fixed to the back of the lathe for producing the same effect as the
arrangement shewn in Fig. 3.
We do not consider the inclined swells nor the curvilinear parts Figs. 1
and 2 taken separately to be our Invention, for they are not new, but the
system of combining them together as one motion we claim to be our
Invention.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said David Crichton, William Donbavand, and Duncan Crighton
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th December 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, DAVID
CRICHTON, WILLIAM DONBAVAND, and DUNCAN CRIGHTON, of the City of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said David Crichton, William Donbavand, and Duncan Crighton, Her
special license that we, the said David Crichton, William Donbavand, and
Duncan Crighton, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as we, the said David Crichton, William Donbavand, and Duncan Crighton,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with and

page_text: no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said David Crichton,
William Donbavand, and Duncan Crighton, our executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of our or their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said David Crichton, William Donbavand,
and Duncan Crighton, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement (that is to say):-
Our Invention relates to the shuttle swells in the shuttle boxes of looms, and
consists in various improvements for enabling the shuttle to have an easy
motion in the shuttle boxes when driven by the pickers, thereby considerably
reducing the power required to work the loom and diminishing the wear in the
parts which operate the shuttle action.
First, instead of the ordinary swells we employ at each end of the lathe
or batten a combination of an ordinary inclined swell with a curvilinear pressure
apparatus oscillating on an axis as the shuttle travels in and out of the shuttle
boxes in the process of weaving.
Secondly, we combine the ordinary inclined swell with a curvilinear pressure
apparatus revolving intermittently on an axis as the shuttle travels in and out
of the shuttle boxes in the process of weaving.
And, thirdly, we apply to the ordinary inclined or curved swell at either side
of the fulcrum a supplementary spring action or its equivalent for the purpose of
assisting and regulating the pressure of the swells on the shuttle as it enters
and leaves the boxes so as to enable the shuttle to have an easy entrance and
delivery in and out of the boxes, and give at the same time the required
pressure on the stop rod and swells when the shuttle arrives at the ends of the
boxes.
The nature of our improvements will be understood by reference to the
figures and letters drawn and marked on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4 being plans of one end of the lathe or batten of a loom
with our improvements connected with the shuttle, the other end being arranged
in a similar anner.

page_text: In the said Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, a represents one end of the race board
of the lathe; b, the shuttle; c, the lever of the swell for working the stop rod;
d, the stop rod finger, having its main pressure spring fixed under the lathe ;
and e, one of the pickers.
The first part of our improved shuttle swell is shewn in Fig. 1. We attach
to or form on the lever c an incline f, and employ a curvilinear oscillating
pressure binder 9, which is held up to its place for the return of the shuttle by
the spring / or its equivalent.
The operation of the motion is as follows:-When the shuttle enters a box
it comes in contact with the incline f and curvilinear oscillating pressure
binder 9, and pushes them back, and with them the lever c and the stop rod
finger d, and continues its travel until it comes against the picker e, which
afterwards operates the return stroke and throws the shuttle 6 across the
race board into the box at the opposite end of the lathe to repeat a similar
operation.
The second part of our improvements is shewn in Fig. 2.
We place or
form on the swell lever c an incline f similar to that shewn in Fig. 1, and
employ a curvilinear revolving pressure apparatus 9 to effect the same object
as the apparatus shewn in Fig. 1. In Figs. 1 and 2 when the shuttle enters
the box it moves back the inclined swells c, f, and in its advance operates
the oscillating and revolving binders g, thereby enabling the shuttle to have an
easy entrance, and when the shuttle leaves the box it has an equally easy
delivery.
The third part of our improvements is shewn in Figs. 3 and 4. To the
ordinary shuttle swell in each Figure we apply the supplementary flat spring i
for enabling the shuttle to have an easy entrance and delivery in and out of
the boxes.
In the arrangement shewn in Fig. 3 when the shuttle enters a box it
comes in contact with the swell c and moves it and the stop rod finger d back
until the shuttle arrives near the picker e, at which time the supplementary
spring rests on the stop k, and the shuttle at that position receives the
In Fig. 4 the supplementary spring i
greatest pressure from the swell c.
does not come in contact with the swell c until the shuttle has entered the box
and presses back the swell c to a certain distance, and then the spring i
operates on the swell c with a gradually increased force until the shuttle arrives
nearly to the end of the box, where the greatest required pressure is exerted
by the swell c on the shuttle and on the stop rod finger d.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, we would have it understood that we do not claim

page_text: the separate parts as of our Invention, they being already well known, neither
do we confine ourselves to the details berein given, but reserve to ourselves
the right of modifying the same so long as the peculiar character of our
Invention is retained; but what we do claim is,-
First, the combination of the ordinary inclined swell with a curvilinear
pressure apparatus g oscillating on an axis as the shuttle travels in and out
of the shuttle boxes in the process of weaving.
Secondly, the combination of the ordinary inclined swell f with a curvilinear
pressure apparatus 9 revolving intermittently on an axis as the shuttle travels
in and out of the shuttle boxes in the process of weaving.
And, thirdly, the combination of the supplementary spring actions i, Figs. 3
and 4, or their equivalents, with the ordinary swell c, the said combinations
being for the purpose, of enabling the shuttle to have an easy entrance in and
out of the boxes as such improvements are herein described and illustrated in
the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said David Crichton, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eleventh day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
Signed, sealed, and delivered
by the within-named David
Crichton, in the presence of
G. SEPTIMUS HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
DAVID CRICHTON. (L.S.)