Apparatus for Distilling and Rectifying.
Year: 1891

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Apparatus for Distilling and Rectifying.
We, AUGUST GOTTLOB BURKHARDT, of Archivstr, 19 Stuttgart, in the
Empire of Germany, Engineer, and Doctor GOTTHILE SCHÜLE, of Hohenheim,
also in the Empire of Germany, Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The following is a description of this invention, reference being had to the
annexed drawings in which Figure 1 is a sectional elevation and Figure 2 a plan
of a distilling and rectifying apparatus according to our invention.
The apparatus comprises hollow bodies and d which constitute the main
working surface. These bodies b and d are formed in the shape of a screw so that
they can be screwed into the outer parts a which are also in the form of a screw,
and when so screwed in a spiral duct is formed between the walls of the outer and
inner parts. The advantages of this screw form are that the parts can be readily
placed together and luted." Inside the parts b and are provided pipes g and the
space between the said pipes and the walls of the parts b and d being steam space
and forming a steam jacket to said pipes. k designates the liquid supply pipe
provided with a cock k¹.
The liquid to be distilled passes from the pipe into the pipe which is steam
jacketted. A steam-jet e is provided in the pipe k which carries off up through
the pipe the most volatile constituents of the liquid which pass up through the
funnel into the pipe and into the deflecting vessel or part i.
The liquid
condensed in the part returns through the hot pipe g and gives off further
volatile constituents and passes over the inverse funnel into the space m where it
is again subjected to distillation.
The first or most easily volatilized products are conducted from the vessel i to a
cooler. As the liquid rises in the pipe fit passes over the lip of the said pipe /
into the space between the parts d and a flowing over the zig-zag portions or
spiral wall in the course of distillation.
The heating of the liquid is effected either by a steam coil or by the steam
heated body d, or by both.
The vapors given off on their way upwards pass in a zig-zag direction over the
surface of the body d and through the liquid into the space m from which they
pass into the second or upper part of the apparatus and over the zig-zag surface
thereof.
If, as shown in the drawings, the apparatus is arranged in two parts one over
the other, then the products of distillation pass through openings / connecting the
spiral duct of one part with the spiral duct of the other.
The spiral surface of the outer part a serves as a cooling surface and the surface
of the inner body serves as a heating surface. The vapors condense on the spiral
walls of the apparatus and the product of condensation runs into the grooves of
the spiral heating body and slowly down the same whereby the more easily
volatilized parts evaporate and the phlegm runs towards the lower part and is
collected in a gutter or channel whence it can be drawn off through a duct F.
This operation of condensation and re-evaporation repeats itself from spiral
groove to spiral groove until the product of condensation has acquired the desired
concentration and can be drawn away to a cooling vessel.
A main feature of this invention is that the apparatus provides for the distillation
and rectification being carried on or effected in one and the same space or
chamber

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. An apparatus for the purpose of distilling and rectifying, wherein these
operations are carried on in one and the same space or chamber, said chamber
being formed of zig-zag or spiral surfaces fitting one into another; as set forth.
2. The construction and arrangement herein set forth in which two similar
apparati are combined one over the other.
3. In connection with the duplex apparatus herein described, two internal
cylinders or pipes separated by an inverse funnel adapted to separate and direct
the liquid in such a manner that the liquid coming from both pipes enters the
apparatus at the same point.
Dated this 22nd day of January 1891.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicants' Patent Agents.