THE PREVENTION OR CURE OF SMOKEY CHIMNIES
Year: 1816

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
YOUNIE, of Theobald's Road, Red Lion Square, in the County of Middlesex,
Ironmonger, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present Majesty King George the Third, by His Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster,
the Twenty-third day of March last past, did give and grant unto me, the said
James Younie, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that
I, the said James Younie, my executors, administrators, and assigns, and such
others as I, the said James Younie, my executors, administrators, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick upon Tweed, my Invention for "THE PREVENTION OR CURE OF SMOKEY
CHIMNIES;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso obliging
me, the said James Younie, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to be
inrolled in His said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within four calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said recited Letters Patent,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
James Younie, do hereby describe and ascertain the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, as follows, that
is to say:-
My Invention consists in a moveable head or cap, made of iron, tin, copper,
or any other metal that will suit the purpose, placed over the chimney top, and
so suspended as to have a center of motion only as is seen in the mariner's
compass, instead of an axis of motion like other contrivances for a similar
purpose. From this peculiarity it results that, instead of turning horizontally
like the others, according to the direction of the wind, my hood or cap
need not to turn at all, but when acted upon by the wind simply dips its
windward edge to the chimney pot, raising the opposite edge in the same
degree, and thus forming a large open mouth to leeward, from which the
smoke issues. The conical shape which I give to the cap throws off or
splits the current of air so completely that a kind of vacuum or diminished
pressure is produced to leeward, and thus a degree of suction is effected from
the chimney; not only therefore does the cap absolutely prevent smoking from
any action of the wind upon the chimney top, but it exerts an influence to over-
come other hurtful causes which may exist in the construction of the chimney
below. All other contrivances require much more force to move them than
mine, which has the friction confined almost to one point, and therefore when
the wind is gentle they are often seen standing in all directions, some with
their mouths directly open to the wind, and consequently sending the smoke
down the chimney instead of favoring its escape therefrom; but my cap
naturally hangs horizontally when the wind is so weak as not to affect it, and
on that account it never can have an injurious influence. Even in high winds
the common contrivances, in their irregular wheeling motions, often turn round
so much that the wind blows for a moment into the open mouth, and in that
moment at one puff sends the whole chimney full of smoke into the apartment
below. There are some situations of chimnies in which, from the form of the
adjoining roofs, a strong upward current of air is produced when the wind
blows from particular quarters; as in such cases the wind might get under the
edge of the cap and raise it instead of depressing it, this must be guarded
against. Sometimes a simple horizontal rim fixed round the mouth of the
chimney pot answers the purpose; in others this rim is made moveable, so that
the wind lifts its edge to meet the descending edge of the cap. The moveable
rim is supported from a center like the cap itself, and by means of a rod
descending from the cross bar of the cap, and connected with a similar rod
rising from the cross bar of the rim, any motion in one produces a correspond-

page_text: ing motion in the other, and their windward edges will always meet.
The rim
may be made in various ways, either plain or inclining upwards all round,
appearing like an inverted cap with its top hid in the chimney pot.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Younie, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the First day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixteen.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same First day of July, in the
year above mentioned, the aforesaid James Younie came before our Lord the
King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid, and all
and everything therein contained, in form above written. And also the
Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute in
that case made and provided.
Inrolled the Second day of July, in the year above written.