matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
A SELF-ADJUSTING STAMP
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Aspinall at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd June 1853.-A communication.
I, JOSEPH ASPINALL, of 4, Old Hall Street, Liverpool, and 16,
Castle Street, Holborn, City, London, Broker, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "A SELF-ADJUSTING STAMP" to be as
follows, viz. :-
By the ordinary stamps at present in use for the purpose of stamping
letters with post marks, or with the addresses of mercantile firms, the
impressions are constantly imperfect, and very often entirely illegible.
This is for the most part caused by the stamp not being placed accu-
rately upon the surface of the letters, so that a partial contact only
results.
In the self-adjusting stamp, however, these imperfections cannot
The handle of this stamp, in lieu of being immovably fixed
upon the dic, has a ball at its extremity which is allowed to work in a
corresponding socket fixed on the top of the die.

page_text: By these means it will be evident that the die will always lie flat
upon the surface of the paper to be stamped, although the direction of
pressure communicated by the handle may not be directly vertical, as is
absolutely essential in the ordinary stamps.
A spring (a spiral metal spring is preferred) is placed around the
lower part of the handle, enclosing the socket and ball, resting on the
upper part of the dic, and supporting the handle by acting upon its
widened part.
This spring merely serves to keep the handle in a convenient posi-
tion for use, and does not interfere with the action of the ball and
socket.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PROTECTING TELEGRAPH WIRES
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Wilkinson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th October 1859.
1. WILLIAM WILKINSON, of the Town and County of the Town of
Nottingham, Framework Knitter, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PROTECTING TELEGRAPH WIRES
to be as follows:-
I take a piece of metal corrugated in the direction of its length, and
with two plain or corrugated sides or flaps. I take as many wires as
there are corrugations, and coat them with gutta percha, bitumen,
or other insulating medium, and place one wire in each trough formed
by the longitudinal corrugations in the metal. I then bend down the
flaps or sides over the wires, and apply pressure thereon, so that
the whole may form a band or belt which may he readily coiled, and
which will form a strong protection to telegraph wires.
A NEW MODE OF ADVERTIZING
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edouard Alexandre at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 11th March 1853.
This Invention did not proceed, the Law Officer having refused
Provisional Protection.)
1, EDOUARD ALEXANDRE, of Paris, in the Empire of France, and of.
16, Castle Street, Holborn, City, London, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "A NEW MODE OF ADVERTIZING" to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists in printing or impressing advertisements on
envelopes, or on the margins of letter paper.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Harris at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
October 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JAMES HARRIS, of Hanwell, in the County of Middlesex, En-
gineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS" to be as.
follows:-
My improvements relate to apparatus for heating water and other
liquids for brewhouses, distilleries,, dyers baths and wash-houses,
asylums, conservatories, drying rooms, &c., by means of steam brought
direct from the boiler, or by means of super-heated steam, or of the
discharged steam from high pressure or other engines, the latter
arrangement being especially applicable for heating the water in-its
passage from the feed pump. to the boiler in steam engines.
My improved apparatus consists of a vertical or other cylinder or
vessel fitted with a series of tubes similar to the boilers of loco-
motive engines, with a second or false cover. at each end,, and forming
chambers for the admission of the steam and exit of the air and con-

page_text: densed water.
The false covers are made moveable for convenience in
fixing the tubes and effecting repairs when needful.
The same apparatus may be employed for the purpose of heating
air for warming and ventilating, in which case the steam would be
admitted into the cylinder and around the tubes, and the air would be 5
heated by passing through the tubes.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS, AND APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Mapple at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th March 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, HENRY MAPPLE, Electric Engineer, of Child's Hill, in the Parish
of Hendon, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS,
AND APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," to be as follows:-
Firstly, for using a thread or threads of silk, or some similar mate-
rial, in lieu of pivots, for the support of the shaft which carries the
magnet and pointer now ordinarily in use in electric telegraph needle
instruments, such thread or threads to be kept strained sufficiently
tight to support the said magnet and pointer in either a horizontal or
other position, by means of a spring or weight acting to keep the said
thread or threads strained, the object of such arrangement being to
lessen the friction, and to prevent vibration in the needle.

page_text: Secondly, for an improved plan for removing the stop of an electric
telegraph alarum, or other apparatus, (the train of which requires to be
released and set in motion by the action of electricity,) by using the
attraction of a permanent inagnet or sucking coil for that purpose.
DESCRIPTION OF SKETCH.
A, is a sucking coil on the passage of electricity, through which the
magnet B, is attracted in the direction of the arrow. A keeper C, un
the other end of the lever D, is thus moved towards a permanent magnet
E, on coming within the attraction of which it is drawn towards it so as
to cause the pin R, to press on the incline H, and thus force the lever
1, and its pin K, out of reach of the fly L, which, being in connection
with the train, is thus allowed to revolve. 1, is an iron screw, that can
be brought near B, so as to attract it as much as may be necessary.
N.B. A sucking coil may be used instead of a permanent magnet at E.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND MANUFACTURE OF MEASURING RULES
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Quinton, Benjamin
Quinton, and John Quinton, at the Offee of the Commissioners
ици од
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 14th March 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
We, WILLIAM QUINTON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, and BENJAMIN QUINTON, of Birmingham aforesaid,
Manufacturer, and JOHN QUINTON, of Birmingham aforesaid, Manufac-
turer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND MANUFACTURE OF MEASURING RULES" to
be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in making the tips and joints of rules by
casting and fixing the same on their respective places by casting them
thereon, as herein-after explained. Fig. 1, illustrates our method of
making the "hollow side" of a rule and the tips of rules. We lay the
middle plate a, in a suitably formed mould, together with the side b,
and cast on the joint sides d, which said casting holds together the
plate a, and side b. The dotted lines c, e, f, show the shape of the end
of the rule on which the casting is made; the line f, also indicates the

page_text: edge of the middle plate a. By making holes g, g, in the wood, the fused
metal runs through the same, and thus rivets the said wood and casting
together. h, Fig. 1, represents a "tip" cast on the end of the side b,
the shape of the wood on which the tip is cast being shown by dotted
lines. By making a hole in the wood (shown in dotted lines) the metal
runs through, and rivets the metal to the wood. That part of the joint
which is on the "hend side" of the rule we likewise cast in one piece,
and on the end of the rule side, instead of in two pieces, to be attached
by pins to the said side, as in the ordinary method of construction.
Fig. 2, represents an end view of a "head side" of a rule made by
the ordinary method; and Fig. 3, represents a "head side" made ne-
cording to our Invention. We cast the said "head side" on the "hollow
side," by laying the latter in a suitable mould, and pouring the fused
metal thereon, in which case the said metal, passing through the hole i,
in the middle plate a, Fig. 1, forms a pin, and completes the joint;
we prefer, however, making the pin passing through the hole i, of
iron. We do not always cast the joints on the ends of rules, as this
can only be effected when metals or alloys are used which fuse at
such a temperature as will not injure the wood of which the sides of
the rule are made. We sometimes east the said joints in the form
of a cap or case, into which the end of the side enters, and which
we fasten by rivetting, or otherwise.
Our Invention is applicable to the different kinds of joints used in
rules. We do not limit ourselves to the shape of the ends on which
we cast the joints and tips, as various shapes may be employed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MANGLES
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Martin Walter O'Byrne and
John Dowling at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 12th May 1858.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
We, MARTIN WALTER O'BYRNE and JOHN DOWLING, of No. 2, Raquet
Court, Fleet Street, in the County of Middlesex, Engineers, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MANGLES"
to be as follows:-
These improvements relate to the substitution of a double or returning
straight rack in which a pinion with teeth works from end to end, and
returns again, while the pinion continues to rotate in one direction, for
the single circular rack and chain of the common mangle.
This arrangement of moving parts may also be applied to portable
mangles having either vertical, horizontal, or curved tables.
Another improvement consists in the substitution of metal tubular
rollers to contain heated irons instead of the wood roller at present
used.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF MANUFACTURING BRUSHES, AND IN MACHINERY FOR APPLYING THE SAME TO THE PURPOSES OF POLISHING AND CLEANING
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Litherland and
Thomas Picton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 17th September 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
We, RICHARD LITHERLAND, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Clock Maker, and THOMAS PICTON, of Toxteth Park, near Liverpool
aforesaid, Wheelwright, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF MANUFACTURING BRUSHES, AND IN
MACHINERY FOR APPLYING THE SAME TO THE PURPOSES OF POLISHING AND
CLEANING," to be as follows:-
To form a brush on the principle of this Invention prepare a stock
or foundation of wood or other material suitably shaped to the form of
the brush required (but in place of boaring round holes therein for
inserting the bristles and so forth into, as now commonly practised by
brushmakers), cut into the stock long undercut grooves (or slots) of any
convenient shape or form, into which insert the bristles or other fibrous
material substituted therefor, which is secured therein by driving in
from the ends of the grooves pieces of wood (or other suitable material)
shaped to agree with the form of the undercut grooves. The wedge

page_text: pieces can be formed in sections, that is to say, in place of using one
piece to fill up the groove and secure the bristles therein, any conve-
nient number of pieces can be used, as, for instance, three, which upon
being placed together agree to the form of the slot into which they are
to be inserted, and can be made to act much like the lower portion of
the instrument called the "lewises" used by masons to attach stones to
the hoisting tackle; but, if more convenient, the centre piece can be
made a little wider at the bottom than the top, so that when it is driven
in from the end of the slot between the two other pieces the whole
three are locked or dovetailed into the groove. By this arrangement
it will be seen that the stock or foundation of the brush can be made
available after the bristles are worn down, as by withdrawing the wedge
pieces from the grooves the stumps of the old-bristles can be taken out
and new ones inserted.
The improvement in the machinery for applying these brushes to the
purposes of polishing and cleaning consists of a mandril or axle re-
volving through two uprights, headstocks, or pedestals, and extending
on each side beyond the supports for the purpose of fixing suitably
formed brushes upon the ends thereof. This double or two-ended
mandril is caused to revolve at a high speed by motive power commu-
nicated to a pully or pinion wheel fixed on the axle or mandril at a
point between the two uprights. The articles to be cleaned or polished
are held against the brushes fixed on the ends of the axle during the
time they are caused to revolve, which may be conveniently done by
the motion used in a common foot lathe.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FIXING TYRE ON RAILWAY WHEELS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Gibson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
October 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOHN GIBSON, of Bloomfield Road, Paddington, in the County of
Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIXING TYRE ON RAILWAY WHEELS" to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists of making the rings or felloes of railway
wheels with angular projections, and also in making the tyre with like
angular hollows, and with a projecting rib or fillet, in such manner that
when the tyre is hot and expanded it may receive the two angular
projections into the hollows, and by shrinking close upon them, the rib
or fillet being then closed down at intervals, by which means the tyre
of a wheel will be very securely fixed on the ring or felloe of the
wheel, and yet in case of its requiring to be removed it may be
done by simply cutting away the parts of the rib or fillet where it has
been closed.
In- PROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Gaskin Fletcher and
William Peel at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 7th September 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
We, JOHN GASKIN FLETCHER, of Accrington, in the County of Lan-
caster, Warehouseman, and WILLIAM PEEL, of the same place,
Weaver, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved stop motion, whereby the
stopping of the loom is effected more easily, and without the sudden
shock hitherto so injurious to the working parts of the loom. When
the shuttle by any chance stops in the shed the swells in the shuttle
boxes are pressed inwards, and bring the lower arm of a bent lever on
the stop rod on a level with a vertical catch on a transverse rod which
runs the entire length of the front of the loom, being carried by the
end standards or framing. This rod carries also two other catches or
arms, which are placed opposite two strong blade springs, one one each
of the sword arms. The bent lever on the stop rod herein-before

page_text: mentioned strikes against the vertical arm of the transverse rod, and
thereby raises the two other arms, bringing them to the same level
with the blade springs which strike against them, thus instantly arrest-
ing the movement of the slay without the sudden shock which is
inevitable when the slay strikes against the ordinary fixed frogs. By
employing a fourth lever on the extremity of the transverse rod the
driving belt is also thrown on to the loose pulley at the same time by
this lever striking or pressing against the throwing-off' handle.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS & PARASOLS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Stayner Eidmans
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents with his Petition.
the 12th May 1858
LU DIL
on the 12th May 1858
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOSEPH STAYNER EIDMANS, of Lacey Terrace, Kennington Road,
in the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said.
Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS & PARASOLS" to be
as follows:-
My Invention of improvements in umbrellas & parasols consists in
so constructing the handles, or that part of the stem by which those
articles are held when elevated and expanded for use, that the umbrella
or parasol will be free to rotate or turn round while the handle is held
firmly in the hand. I effect this by placing a socket tube of any
suitable material on the stem between two collars or other fixtures
which retain the handle in its position with the necessary freedom for
rotation. These handles may be rendered more or less ornamental, &
may or may not be of a piece with the ordinary hook or handle,
& may be fitted in other ways to attain the desired object.
AN IMPROVED SELF-ACTING PLUG FOR BARGES, BOATS, AND OTHER VESSELS
Year: 1853

page_text: time prescribed by the Act.)
I, ERASMUS SYMONDS, of Great Bell Alley, in the City of London,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED SELF-ACTING PLUG FOR BARGES, BOATS, AND OTHER VESSELS" to be
as follows:-
My Invention relates to certain improvements applying to the plug
customarily inserted in the bottoms of barges, lighters, ships, boats, and
other vessels. On the security afforded by the proper action of the
plug so used depends the safety of such vessels; and I have therefore,
by the arrangement of my improvements, provided that the plug shall
be self-acting, being operated on by the pressure of the water in which
the vessel floats. And the manner in which the same is to be carried
into effect will be more clearly understood by reference to the annexed
drawings and the following description thereof, in which the same parts
are respectively marked with the same letters of reference throughout.

page_text: Fig. 1, is a vertical section of the improved plug; Fig. 2, a plan or
top view; A, A, is a square cover; B, B, a circular screw portion
attached thereto, screwing into C, C, against the washer b, b; D, E, a
moveable circular plate turning on the centre pin F, and having a
number of holes drilled through half the disc, as at D, which correspond
in the position here shown, with holes similar in size and number in the
circular under side of the plate or cover A, as at G, while the remain-
ing half of the moveable disc is solid metal at E, and, as here repre-
sented, stands over solid. metal at H, in the sunk circular part of A.
By turning the thumb piece F, F', against the stud F", D, can be
brought over H, and E, over G; thus covering the holes in G, by the
blank metal E, and also the holes D, by the blank metal H. The
apparatus being placed in the lower part of a vessel's bottom, say along-
side the keel, the water will flow up the larger apertures I, I, and the
cup C, C, and raise the float J, made of hollow metal, cork, or other
suitable substance, sliding freely by a tube a, a, on the stem or pillar K,
so as to bring the bevil edges of a metal plate L, M, exactly into G, H,
of the cover A, A.
I do not confine myself to any particular dimensions or metal; and I
do declare that what I claim as my Invention is,-
The peculiar arrangement of a self-acting plug, as described.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF KNOBS, HANDLES, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF GLASS, EARTHENWARE, AND OTHER VITREOUS AND SEMI-VITREOUS SUBSTANCES, AND IN ATTACHING THE SAME TO DOORS, DRAWERS, AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Eliezer Edwards at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st January 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, ELIEZER EDWARDS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF KNOBS, HANDLES, AND OTHER
ARTICLES OF GLASS, EARTHENWARE, AND OTHER VITREOUS AND SEMI-VITREOUS
SUBSTANCES, AND IN ATTACHING THE SAME TO DOORS, DRAWERS, AND OTHER
ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in making the screws by which knobs, handles,
&c. of glass, earthenware, or other vitreous or semi-vitreous substances
are attached to doors, drawers, &c. in one piece with and of the same
material as that of which the said knobs, handles, &c. are made. The
said knobs, handles, &c. are usually attached to doors, drawers, &c. by
a metallic screw attached in various ways to the said knobs, handles,.
&c., the said screw being made to enter or pass through the said doors,
drawers, &c. By making the said screws in one piece with the said

page_text: knobs, handles, &c. a great economy in the manufacture of the said
knobs, handles, &c. is effected; the metallic screw, which in the case
of knobs, handles, &c. of glass is unsightly, is avoided, and in some
cases, as in the insulators of electric telegraphs, the efficiency is in-
creased. Besides knobs and handles, my Invention is applicable to the
feet of stands, the insulators of electric telegraphs, and generally where
small, pieces or articles of glass, earthenware, or other vitreous or semi-
vitreous substances require to be attached to other articles.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBINING OIL WITH OTHER LIQUIDS FOR THE OBTAINMENT OF A NEW LUBRICATING COMPOUND
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Benjamin Butterworth, of Calder Cottage,
Caldershaw, near Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Grocer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBINING OIL WITH OTHER
LIQUIDS FOR THE OBTAINMENT OF A NEW LUBRICATING COMPOUND."-
Partly a communication.
Sealed the 22nd February 1854, and dated the 2nd November 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Benjamin Butter-
worth at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 2nd November 1853.
I, BENJAMIN BUTTERWORTH, of Calder Cottage, Caldershaw, near
Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Grocer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBINING OIL WITH
OTHER LIQUIDS FOR THE OBTAINMENT OF A NEW LUBRICATING COMPOUND,"
partly a communication, to be as follows:-
The object of these improvements is economy of oil which is gene-
rally employed for lubricating purposes, and the production, by a

page_text: combination or mixture of oil with other liquids, of a composition which
will answer the same purpose as oil alone. This is effected by mixing
or combining, by means of lime, oil with water, milk, or urine, or one
or more or all of them, but by preference water alone. This composi-
tion, when employed in preparing for manufacture wool and other hairy
materials, makes the cloth feel more full and soft than when such
materials are prepared with oil alone.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN HEELS FOR BOOTS, SHOES, AND OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE FEET
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Paine at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 2nd February 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the-time prescribed by the Act.)
I, THOMAS PAINE, of Woolwich, in the County of Kent, Boot Maker,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN HEELS FOR BOOTS, SHOES, AND OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE FEET," to
be as follows:
My Invention consists in forming heels of horn, which, after being
heated, is pressed into moulds of the form of heel required. I
attach them to the boot or shoe by serewing them on to a ring,
which is retained by a collar or flange inside a second and larger
ring, sewn or otherwise attached to the boot or shoe. The heel may
be made a fixture, or it may be allowed to rotate by the smaller ring
turning in the larger ring.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EXPLOYED IN SINGEING TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Isaac Holroyd at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st December
1853.
I, ISAAC HOLROYD, of Sowerby Bridge, in the County of York, Engine
Tenter, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS EXPLOYED IN SINGEING TEXTILE FABRICS" to be as follows (that is
to say):
My improvements consist in placing the plate used in the process of
"singeing" textile fabrics in an opening form'd for the purpose, immediately
over the "fire box" of a boiler for heating fluids or generating steam, leaving
a space or opening through the boiler and above the plate, so as to admit of
the fabrics being passed over the said plate to be "singed." By this means or
arrangement the fire which heats the fluids or generates steam also heats the
singe plate," whereby a very great saving of fuel is effected, as also economy
of rooni and cost.
A NEW ARRANGEMENT OF VALVES FOR THE SUPPLY OF WATER TO AND FROM CISTERNS AND OTHER RECEPTACLES, AND FOR A NEW FLOAT VALVE
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Adams at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
April 1858.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
**
1, CHARLES ADAMS, of No. 1, Lillington Street, in the Parish of
St. John's, Westminster, and County of Middlesex, Plumber and
Glazier, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW
ARRANGEMENT OF VALVES FOR THE SUPPLY OF WATER TO AND FROM CISTERNS
AND OTHER RECEPTACLES, AND FOR A NEW FLOAT VALVE," to be as fol-
lows:-
The water is conveyed by pipes of the usual materials to the bottom
of a cistern, into which it is admitted by means of a float valve shewn
on the accompanying Drawing. In the pipe which conveys the water
from the street, main, or other source of supply to the cistern, and in
the position which may be most convenient, is fixed a flap valve of the
ordinary construction. The method of operation is as follows:- When
the supply of water is in action from the street, main, or other source,
it flows through the float valve into the cistern until the cistern is suffi-
ciently full, when the valve closes When the supply of water ceases
the flap valve falls, so that although water passes through it to the

page_text: cistern, no water can pass through it from the cistern. By this means
the pipe between the flap valve and cistern is kept constantly charged,
and water can be drawn from it, because when any cock in connection
therewith is opened the float valve drops, and the water flows from the
cistern.
The objects attained, for which a Patent is claimed, are as follows:
1st. The arrangement of the two valves, so that water may be supplied.
to and from the cistern by means of one pipe only. 2nd. The float
valve represented in the accompanying Drawing.
. The pipe by which the water is conveyed to and from the
cistern.
b. The valve.
c. The float by which the valve is closed when the cistern is suffi-
ciently full.
The valve is constructed of brass, iron, or other metals.
The black line represents a washer of india-rubber, leather, or
other material.
NOTE. The word cistern in the foregoing description is meant to
imply any receptacle for water.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PIPES OF EARTHENWARE, CLAY, OR OTHER SIMILAR MATERIALS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Mark Henry Blanchard, at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 26th February 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, MARK HENRY BLANCHARD, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PIPES OF
EARTHENWARE, CLAY, OR OTHER SIMILAR MATERIALS" to be as follows: -
Drain or sewer pipes or tubes, when made of earthenware or burnt
clay, are (in order to give them great strength) usually made of con-
siderable thickness. In consequence of this great thickness of material
great risk is incurred in burning or stoving the pipes, as the exterior
will sometimes be more than sufficiently burned before the interior
will be acted on to any considerable extent by the heat. In con-
sequence of this, flaws are frequently found in the pipes, which are
thereby rendered nearly useless for the intended purpose.
The object of the present Invention is to produce earthen pipes of
sufficient strength, with a less quantity of material than is usually
employed. This object is effected by making the pipe of two thick-

page_text: nesses; that is, of two pipes or tubes, one within the other, with an
annular space between them, the outer and inner pipes being con-
nected together by narrow partitions, which run longitudinally along
the annular space between them. By this peculiar method of con-
structing the pipes I am also enabled to dispense with the usual
flanges, and connect the pipes together by means of dowels, which are
made to enter the annular spaces at the ends of the pipes, and thereby
support them, and prevent them from sinking when laid in the earth.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OXIDE OF ZINC OR ZINC WHITE, AND IN APPARATUS FOR THAT PURPOSE
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Cowper, of 20, Southampton
Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF OXIDE OF ZINC OR ZINC WHITE, AND IN APPARATUS
FOR THAT PURPOSE."-A communication.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Cowper
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 19th February 1853.
I, CHARLES COWPER, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OXIDE OF ZINC
OR ZINC WHITE, AND IN APPARATUS FOR THAT PURPOSE," to be as
follows:-
The oxide of zinc is manufactured by burning or oxidizing the
zinc in an apparatus of improved construction. This apparatus
consists of a furnace containing a series of retorts placed in an
inclined position, and provided with apertures near their mouths

page_text: for the admission of air, and also with other apertures or passages
through which the oxide of zinc passes into a chamber, from which
another passage or flue leads to one or more condensing chambers
in which the oxide of zinc is deposited. The retorts are charged
with metallic zinc or substances containing zinc, such as the ores of
zinc mixed with carbonaceous matter or other materials capable of
yielding zinc when exposed to heat. The oxide of zinc or zinc
white is thus obtained of a good colour, and suitable to be used as a
pigment.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESSURE INDICATORS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Christian Schiele at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 4th June 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, CHRISTIAN SCHIELE, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESSURE INDICATORS" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an apparatus for obtaining a continuous
indication of the mean pressure in a steam engine cylinder, such appa-
ratus being also suitable for indicating fluid and æriform pressures under
various other circumstances. A pressure indicator is taken, for instance,
one made of two parallel upright tubes connected on their lower ends.
and partly filled with mercury. The height of the rise of mercury in
one tube beyond that in the second tube giving the measurement of
pressure. One end is connected to the top or bottom of a steam engine
cylinder, the other end to the exhaust port from the cylinder valve box.
The connection with the cylinder is not free, as is generally the case in
indicators, but the transmission of pressure is retarded by a minute
opening (adjustable by means of a valve), so that the indicator will be

page_text: affected so slowly that the pressure varying at each stroke of the piston
will cause very little vibration in the indicator, and as half the mean
pressure will be indicator, the index marks must be specially made to
correspond. For steam engines an extra provision is made to allow a
uniformily dense fluid to pass the valve during action. This is simply
done by bending the tube coming perpendicular down from the indicator
upwards, so that the water obtained from the steam by condensation
may lodge in the lower bend of the tube, and here the valve is
placed.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-FEEDING FURNACES
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Wills Wayte, of Gate Street, Lincoln's.
Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, for the Inven- .
tion of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-FEEDING FURNACES."
Petition, on the 16th November 1853.
I, JAMES WILLS WAYTE, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-FEEDING FURNACES" to be
as follows:-
My Invention relates to that description of furnaces in which the bars
receive a reciprocating longitudinal motion, by which the fuel is
gradually propelled from the front to the back of the furnace.
I give
this end motion by cranks or eccentrics, or a rocking shaft or lever,
and at the same time I give an up and down motion to the front end
of the bars by means of a rocking lever with two arms.
Each arm

page_text: carries an anti-friction roller on which the alternate bars or sets of bars
rest, so that the alternate bars or sets of bars are rising while the others
are descending, and vice versa. The up and down motion may be thus
adjusted independently of the longitudinal motion. The rocking lever
may be supported on anti-friction rollers to diminish the friction. At the
back end of the furnace the bars rest upon a transverse bar or plate, so
that the up and down motion is greatest at the front of the furnace and
diminishes to the back. The bars are made in sets of three. The two
outer bars are rivetted together or otherwise united, leaving a space for
the middle bar, which rests upon the rivets or filling pieces between the
outer bars. The middle bar is free to move endways, and it has a
projecting tooth which strikes against two fixed stops, by which it
receives a slight motion between the outer bars and prevents them
from becoming clogged with coal or dust. A short narrow plate is
jointed to the front end of each set of bars, and these plates lying side
by side form the bottom of a hopper placed in front of the furnace for
supplying it with fuel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEERING VESSELS
Year: 1853

page_text: time prescribed by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION, left by John Scott at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
⚫ November 1853.1
and
I, JOHN SCOTT, junior, of of Greenock, in the County of Renfrew,
North Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEERING VESSELS" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved mechanical arrangement for
communicating the motion of the ordinary steering wheel to the rudder
of ships, whereby a steadier and more effective action than has hitherto
been attained is satisfactorily secured, whilst all "back lash
counter strain upon the steersman is prevented. The steering wheel
and spindle are rigged and fitted in the usual manner, but on the after
end of the spindle is a spur wheel in gear with two other spur wheels
or pinions, one on each side, each of such side wheels being fast on the
end of a horizontal screw spindle running parallel with the steering
spindle, and one on each side of it. These two screws run back towards

page_text: the steering wheel, their opposite ends being supported in bearings im-
mediately behind the steering wheel. The screws are respectively right
and left threaded, and each has a traversing nut entered upon it fitted
to work along a horizontal guide in each case. On these nuts are stud
pins from which connecting rods or links pass to corresponding joint
studs in the two opposite ends of a double lever fast on the vertical
rudder spindle, and answering as the tiller. Thus on turning the steer-
ing wheel, the spur wheel on its spindle causes the two spur wheels
alongside to rotate each in the same direction, and hence the traversing
nuts upon the screw spindles are made to traverse in reverse directions.
This action necessarily pulls one connecting rod and pushes the other,
and this reverse action upon the double lever of the rudder obviously
turns the rudder, either to starboard or port, just as the steering wheel
itself is turned. Then as the external action of the water upon the
rudder is checked at the nuts upon the screw spindles, no motion can
by any possible chance be conveyed from the rudder back to the steering
wheel, and the steersman possesses unlimited control over his helm.
IMPROVEMENTS IN INSTANTANEOUS LIGHT APPARATUS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Adolph Berend at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th
Act 1979 A communication
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, ADOLPH BEREND, of 8, Fenchurch Buildings, in the City of London,
do herchy declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
INSTANTANEOUS LIGHT APPARATUS" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of apparatus combined in such manner that
the properly prepared material is, when desired, caused to protrude
beyond the case containing it, and the portion protruded is ignited by
friction caused by the drawing back of a comb or apparatus which is
simultaneously protruded with the prepared ignitable matter. For this
purpose the igniting matter, which is similar to what has before becn
prepared, but for the purposes of this Invention is made of the form
of a taper with serrated edges, and is wound on a suitable reel or axis.
The outer end of the prepared material passes through a screw nut,
and is by it propelled through a tubular outlet, the nut at the same
time moving out a comb or friction apparatus, which, when released by
a groove or channel in the nut, is drawn back suddenly by a spring,
I
Sp

page_text: and thus ignites the protruding quantity of the prepared material. The
apparatus thus made may be arranged to be moved by hand, and used
simply as an instantaneous igniter, or when combined with clockwork
or a timepiece, or with an electro-magnetic apparatus, to the lighting
of a separate candle at a certain hour in the night, and the light 5
obtained may be used to give notice and alarum in various ways.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SHIPS AND VESSELS
Year: 1853

page_text: time prescribed by the Act.)
I, SAMUEL BAYLISS, of Old Broad Street, in the City of London, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SHIPS AND VESSELS"
to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in a method of giving to sea-going vessels a
greater degree of longitudinal and transverse strength than has been
hitherto attainable, and the want of which has been the principal obstacle
to increasing the size of vessels to that extent which past experience
proves would be desirable for obtaining increased speed, safety, and
economy in working. The means of accomplishing this object is illus-
trated in the annexed diagram, which is a transverse section of an iron
steam ship worked by a screw. A, B, C, D, represents a rectangular
cellular tube, composed of plates of sheet and angle iron rivetted
together, having the top portion, A, B, and bottom portion C, D, divided
into cells or divisions, for securing the requisite strength and stiffness;

page_text: this tube extends vertically from the keel to the under part of the
lower deck, the beams of which rest upon it, and thereby receive great
support, and it extends lengthwise from fore to aft, affording enormous
longitudinal strength, sufficient to resist any strain the vessel may be
liable to, and to provent such disasters as "cracking in the middle," or
"breaking in two," accidents which have occurred to vessels of the
ordinary size, and to which vessels of larger dimensions must neces-
sarily be more liable. E, and F, are cranks to which the engine power
is applied for giving motion to the shaft G, (which passes through the
tube,) on which is a bevil wheel II, working into a pinion I, fixed on
the screw shaft J, (shown by dotted lines,) and giving a rotary move-
ment to it for impelling the screw represented by the three segments of a
circle in dotted lines. This is one method of applying the moving power,
but it will be apparent that other means may be adopted, and that
paddle wheels may be used instead of the screw, or the use of both be
combined, if required, equally well in ships of this as of the ordinary
construction.
For giving transverse strength I employ similar tubes as bulkheads,
connected at one end with the great longitudinal tube, and at the other
with the sides of the vessel.
The longitudinal and transverse tubes being thus secured together
form what may be called the ribs and backbone of the ship, and serve
to support and knit the whole together, as similar parts do in the
animal frame.
It is obvious that the breadth and heighth of these tubes, and the
proportions of their several parts, must depend on the dimensions of
the vessel, which may be constructed of almost any magnitude by the
aid of this Invention.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COOKING STOVES
Year: 1853

page_text: with the application for Letters Patent was not given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Underwood at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th November 1853.
I, WILLIAM UNDERWOOD, of Handsworth, Staffordshire, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COOKING
STOVES" to be as follows, that is to say:
My Invention consists in arranging within an iron case an open or
close grate for the burning of coals, wood, or other combustibles, with
the flues so constructed as to convey the heat first to an oven placed
above the fire, and next to a boiler for water placed at the back of the
oven, beyond which, at the extreem back, is the chimney, so constructed
that it may be lengthened, but in such a manner that the lengthening
piece, by means of a inge joint, may be clevated or laid down on the
top (desirable when out of use, and more convenient for packing).
Another feature of my improvement is to provide a stand for such

page_text: cooking stove, such stand being made with a wheel and handles, after
the fashion of a wheelbarrow, enabling the emigrant to remove his stove
from place to place, as he may require, and the barrow will be of great
service to him in providing fuel for the stove and for other
purposes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF SMELTING IRON AND OTHER ORES
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22d March 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County
of Middlesex, and of Glasgow, North Britain, Gentleman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MODE OF SMELTING IRON AND OTHER ORES,' to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the smelting of metallicores, particularly
iron ore, which have been previously mixed with charcoal by the
application of the electric light to that purpose. This is effected by
dropping the ore or metal to be melted between the poles of two
large electrodes, which are connected in the ordinary manner with a
galvanic battery. The electric light thus produced melts 'ore as it
passes through it, and the melted metal with the slag falls into a
receiver below, where it is kept in a state of fusion by a suitable
furnace placed beneath it, the different specific gravities of the
"slag" and melted metal keeping them separate in the receiver. By
another arrangement the two electrodes are placed at a slight angle,
Price bd.1

page_text: and the higher one of the two is made hollow and filled with the ore
to be reduced. This ore is gradually pushed forward as it melts by a
piston and screw rod working within the hollow of the electrode.
When the whole has been reduced the piston is withdrawn and the
electrode filled again. As the electrodes are consumed, they are
caused to advance by screw spindles working in fixed nuts, and
attached to armatures or sockets on the ends of the electrodes, or by
the apparatus a continuous supply of electrodes may be attained in
various other ways.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING FLAX OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Norbert De Landtsheer at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 80th November 1853.
I, NORBERT DE LANDTSHEER, of the City of Ghent, in the King-
dom of Belgium, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING FLAX OR OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIAL" to be as follows:-
The distinctive features of this Invention in machinery for combing
flax or other fibrous material are, 1, placing combs on five or more
drums or cylinders which revolve on their own separate and distinct
axes, each turning or revolving independently of the others, and in
reverse directions one to another, by which the flax is combed on both
sides simultaneously. 2nd, these five or more drums or cylinders revolve
at different speeds, and the combs thereon are graduated; that is to say,
the first is coarse, the second fine, the degrees of speed and the arrange-

page_text: ment of the combs depending on the nature of the flax and the degree
of combing desired to be given to it. Brushes fixed so as to be always
in contact with the combs receive the combed flax. 3rd, the flax is held
by adjusting nippers so as to admit of being brought close to the combs
The rest of the machinery is similar to that well known in this
process in the arts, and I do not limit myself to any particular kind of
machinery, so long as the distinctive features of the Invention are
retained. And I reserve the right to vary these characteristic principles
in matters of detail.