An Improved Petroleum Motor.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Mar., 1894-Accepted, 21st Apr., 1894.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Petroleum Motor.
1, EMIL CAPITAINE of Leipzig-Plagwitz in the German Empire, Engineer at
the Swiderski Engine Works, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to petroleum or earth oil motors of the kind known as
the, "Capitaine" motor that is to say, to motors in which the petroleum is
vaporised in a vaporiser that is in permanent open communication with a cooled
combustion chamber and into which vaporiser only a small portion of the air for
combustion passes, the larger portion of the same passing past a special valve
direct into the combustion space whereupon the ignition of the charge is effected
by a heated vaporiser.
The object of the invention is to dispense with the separate external heating of
the vaporiser and to provide a vaporiser which also serves as an igniter.
For this purpose the vaporiser is made large enough and of a suitable form to
receive so much of the combustible gaseous mixture as upon the ignition of the
latter will give off to the vaporiser the quantity of heat necessary to vaporise and
ignite the petroleum. The vaporiser of the invention is enclosed in a heat
protecting material and may also for the purpose of increasing the heating surface
be provided or formed internally with ribs or projections whereby the vaporizer is
made to take up more heat.
In the drawing Fig. 1 is a sectional view of part of a "Capitaine" motor with
the vaporiser of the invention applied thereto and Fig. 2 is a similar view shewing
a somewhat modified construction.
A is a cooled combustion space to which the vaporiser C is attached with an
intermediate isolating or non conducting material. D (Fig. 1.) is a valve past
which petroleum with a small quantity of air is led into the vaporiser whereupon
the petroleum is transformed into vapour. The mixture of petroleum vapour and
air passing from the vaporiser, mixes with the air for combustion passing at the
same time past valve B. Upon compression taking place, the explosive mixture
thus formed ignites of itself in the vaporiser. y is a passage through which the
petroleum and a passage through which the air is supplied to valve D. This
latter is dispensed with in the modification shewn in Fig. 2 in which case the
smaller quantity of air, as in the preceding case, passes past valve B into the
vaporiser through passage at the same time as the larger quantity passes into
the combustion space, to which end the air passage is contracted by a projection ..
The air entering the vaporiser in this way becomes mixed with petroleum supplied
through a tube y and there is thus formed the requisite mixture for vaporisation in
the vaporiser C which is only so large as to contain such a quantity of the mixture
as will, when ignited give out just sufficient heat to make up for the loss of heat
occasioned by the vaporisation and cooling.
It has been shewn in practice that a suitable size for the vaporiser is about
one tenth that of the combustion space. For the purpose of communicating as
completely as possible to the vaporiser the heat generated in the same its internal
surface may be increased by the provision thereto of ribs or projections and the
like. The vaporiser is protected against loss of heat by radiation by surrounding
it with a mass of material H which is a uon conductor of heat. N is the cylinder.
By means of this invention the lamp hitherto used for heating the vaporiser is
dispensed with the vaporiser being heated from the inside and of the smallest

page_text: practicable dimensions in order. that the time necessary for the preliminary heating
may be as short as possible.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a petroleum motor of the kind referred to an isolated vaporiser attached
to the cooled cylinder, said vaporiser being of about one tenth the capacity of the
combustion space, and receiving with the petroleum only a small portion of the
'air for combustion and serving also as an igniter, substantially as described and
shown.
2. The enlargement of the vaporising space as compared with that of vaporisers
hitherto employed or the provision within the vaporiser of ribs or projections or
the like and the enclosure of the vaporiser by a body of a material of low heat
conducting property, for the purposes specified, substantially as described and
shewn,
Dated this 17th day of March 1894.
CAPITAINE & VON HERTLING,
89, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.