AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR REMOVING PATTERNS FROM MOULDS FOR CASTINGS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles de Bergue, of Dowgate Hill, in the
City of London, Engineer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT
OR IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR REMOVING
PATTERNS FROM MOULDS FOR CASTINGS."
Sealed the 28th April 1854, and dated the 14th November 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles de Bergue
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 14th November 1853.
I, CHARLES DE BERGUE, of Dowgate Hill, in the City of London,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR RE-
MOVING PATTERNS FROM MOULDS FOR CASTINGS "to be as follows:-
My improvement or improvements consist in machinery or apparatus
so constructed as that it will support the pattern at two or more points
or parts, and will cause both or all such parts to be lifted or moved
gradually and simultaneously to an uniformly equal extent out of or
away from the mould, and in a direction perpendicular to the surface of

page_text: the sand or other material in the flasks or moulds from which the
patterns are to be removed.
The best manner in which I believe my Invention is to be performed
is by a moveable, partial, or entire framing rim or hoop around a table,
on which table the flasks may rest, and to which framing rim or hoop
I give the desired motion by means of racks upon the said rim or hoop
and pinions taking into them, or by cams or other suitable equivalent,
the pattern or patterns either resting upon or being otherwise supported
by or secured to the said framing rim or hoop. Instead of the rim or
hoop two or more moveable slings, struts, or other supports similarly
moved may be substituted.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Charles de Bergue in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 12th May 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
CHARLES DE BERGUE, of Dowgate Hill, in the City of London, Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Charles de Bergue, Her
special licence that I, the said Charles de Bergue, my executors, ad-
ministrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles de
Bergue, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR REMOVING PATTERNS FROM MOULDS FOR CASTINGS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Charles de Bergue, by an instrument

page_text: in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles de Bergue, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof (that is to say):
My improvement or improvements consist of a table, machine or
apparatus so constructed as to draw the pattern or patterns, or separate
the pattern or patterns from the mould by means of rods, bars, or
slings, or other equivalent, applied at each of two or more separate
points or parts, such rods, bars, slings, or other means employed, being
each guided so as to work or move in a direction perpendicular to the
surface of the sand or other material used in the mould, and so as to
effect the draw or separation of all parts of the pattern or patterns
steadily and gradually, and also simultaneously and to an uniformly
equal extent out of or away from the surface or surfaces of the
mould with which the face or faces of the pattern or patterns are
in contact.
.
I have found that the best means of drawing the pattern or patterns
or separating the pattern or patterns from the mould is by lifting the
pattern or patterns out of the moulds and holding the latter down or
allowing them to remain stationary. In accordance with this arrange-
ment the two Sheets of Drawings, numbered 1, and 2, respectively,
(which accompany this complete Specification, and form a part hereof,)
together with the following description of them, explain a table,
machine or apparatus constructed in the best manner which I have
been able to discover. Both the Sheets of Drawings represent mould-
ing tables of the same general construction and arrangement, varying
only in the construction of the bearers or apparatus employed for sup-
porting the pattern or patterns required to be moulded, and more
immediately in connection with them. I have therefore placed similar
figures and letters of reference on the corresponding parts represented

page_text: in the two Drawings, in order that the following description may apply
generally to both:-Figure 1, is an elevation of one of my improved
moulding tables, together with the apparatus for lifting the patterns.
Figure 2, is a horizontal section, at z, z, of the table only. Figure 3,
is a plan of the top, shewing a moulding box, a wheel pattern, and the
apparatus for raising the latter. Figure 4, is a section through the
moulding box at Y, Y, and through the table at X, X. The table,
(besides its framing) mainly consists of four lifting rods or pillars, (for
carrying the apparatus to which the pattern is to be attached,) and of a
combination of wheels and pinions for giving a perfectly parallel, simul-
taneous, and uniformly equal vertical motion to the said rods or pillars.
The framing of the table is composed principally of the four frames
or plates a, a, and b, b, (which are bolted firmly together), a wooden
cover on the top, lined with sheet iron to prevent untimely wear, and
a wooden bottom.
The frames a, a, contain recesses to receive the lifting rods c, c, which
recesses are bored perfectly vertical and parallel to each other at a*, a*,
and caps a², a², are screwed to the frames at these places, to form
perfectly steady slides for the said rods.. d, is a small fly wheel, with
witch handle upon it for turning the shaft e, and f is a ratchet wheel,
fitted with a pall for preventing the return or recoil of the motion
given to it. g, is a pinion on the shaft e, which takes into the spur
wheel h*, and thus turns the shaft h, and the pinion ², which is also
fast upon it. This second pinion takes into the spur wheel k*, and
thus turns the shaft k, and also the two pinions, ², which are also
fast upon it. These last pinions take into the pair of spur wheels j, j,
on the same shaft i, and these wheels gear with the pair of wheels
j, jx, on the same shaft i*. Each of the four wheels j, j, and j*, j*, is
furnished with a link or connecting rod l, and the four links 1, thus
give the same amount of vertical motion uniformly and simultaneously
to four lifting rods c, c, respectively.
The apparatus to which the pattern or patterns are to be attached
may be of various constructions. Two different ways are shewn in the
Drawings No. 1, and No. 2, respectively. In both, however, the lifting
rods terminate in a flat part c*, cx, to which the partial rim or parallel

page_text: bars m, m, are screwed or rivetted. In Drawing No. 1, I have repre-
sented three legged bearers n, n, resting on the said bars at 1, 2, 3, (as
shewn in Figures 1, 3, and 4,) the said bearers containing a number of
slots, as shewn at 0, o; (Figure 4,) for the purpose of fixing to or upon
them a sufficient number of universal brackets q, q, by means of screws
and bolts; P, p, are screwed pins, with flat slotted heads for fixing
them to the brackets q, q, by adjustable screws, which pins are used for
screwing into the pattern when it is required to be raised; s, represents
the pattern of a wheel, and t, the box in which it is required to be
moulded. The apparatus shewn in Drawing No. 2, consists of two or
more cross bars w, w, which rest on the rim or parallel horizontal
bars m, m. These act upon a plate v, of wood or of any suitable
material to which the pattern is permanently fixed in such a manner
that the former extends over the moulding box far enough to bo
reached by the cross bars w, w. The plate v, has holes to receive the
pins 4, 4, of the moulding box, in order to secure the position of the
pattern. The manner of using the table and apparatus is as follows:-
For the better accommodation of the moulders, the top of the table
may project, as shewn at 5, in Figures 1. If the apparatus No. 1, is
used, the pattern is laid upon this projecting part, and the moulding
box is put on the top of it, and rammed up in the common way. This
being done, it is turned over into the centre part of the table, the
pattern then becoming the uppermost. Next, the three legged
bearers n, are put upon the parallel bars m, m, in convenient number
and distances, and the slotted pins p, p, p, being screwed into the
pattern, and being properly adjusted and fixed to the bearers by means
of the universal brackets q, q, q, it is drawn out steadily and vertically
by turning the shaft e, by means of the handle d, as described before,
the ratchet and pall preventing its return. The pattern and three
legged bearers are then to be removed, and the box having been taken
away, the four lifting rods and the horizontal parallel bars supported by
them may be lowered again by simply raising the pall. When the
apparatus No. 2, is applied, the pattern attached to the plate v, being
uppermost, the cross bars w, w, are laid on the parallel bars m, m, and
underneath the projecting ends of the plate v, so as to raise this by

page_text: turning the handle d, in the manner above described. In the begin-
ning of the lifting, a hammer may be used for both plans to start the
sand.
I would remark that the number of lifting rods may be varied, and
four of them or any other suitable number may be simultaneously
raised, and the same effect produced by various other mechanical
means than those above described and represented in the Drawings,
such as levers or cams, or racks and pinions, or screws, but I prefer the
means specified, the working parts being less liable to be injured by
sand and dirt.
I would also remark that guided slings may be substituted in place of
the lifting rods described, suitable mechanical arrangements being made
for moving them simultaneously and to an uniform extent.
And, lastly, I would remark that instead of the pattern or patterns
being lifted out of or removed away from the mould, the table machine
or apparatus may be modified so as hold the pattern or patterns steady,
and the bed or surface of the table, with the moulding box upon it
may be made to drop, or be moved away from the pattern or patterns,
or a motion may be given to both of them in the act of separating from
each other. Provided always that suitable arrangements be made for
the required guiding of its working parts.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles de Bergue, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
C. DE BERGUE. (L.S.)