IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF OILS FOR ILLUMINATING OR OTHER PURPOSES, AND IN THE ARRANGEMENT OR CONSTRUCTION OF THE LAMPS EMPLOYED FOR BURNING THE SAME
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Garrett Tongue at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
September 1867.-A communication from abroad by Carl Wilhelm
Herbst, Commission Agent, of Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, JOHN GARRETT TONGUE, of the Firm of Tongue and Birkbeck, Patent
Agents and Engineers, of 34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF OILS FOR ILLUMINATING OR OTHER
PURPOSES, AND IN THE ARRANGEMENT OR CONSTRUCTION OF THE LAMPS EMPLOYED
FOR BURNING THE SAME," to be as follows:-
The first part of this Invention relates to the manufacture or preparation of
oils of improved properties suitable for illuminating or other purposes. This
improved description of oil is composed of two parts or thereabouts of highly
refined rape oil, and one part or thereabouts of a product resulting from the
distillation of petroleum or mineral oil. The rape oil employed according to
this part of the Invention is refined by the ordinary process, with the
exception that it requires more than the ordinary care in refining.
The process of distilling the petroleum or other mineral oil employed for
combining with the refined rape oil according to this part of the Invention is
conducted in the following manner:-Good petroleum or other mineral oil
is introduced into the distilling apparatus, and on applying heat it soon
disengages vapours, which are condensed in the receiver. The first products
which pass over are so volatile as to be highly explosive, and are therefore

page_text: not employed for the purposes of this part of the Invention. The subsequent
products which pass over in continuing the process of distillation are less
explosive and are freed from the disagreeable odours and impurities which
characterize ordinary petroleum or mineral oils. The mixture of the two
products (prepared as previously described) in the above-named proportions
produces an oil of highly illuminating power (which it is proposed to call
the "universal oil") when consumed in lamps- constructed in accordance
with the second part of these improvements, which may be constructed so
as to have the appearance of ordinary moderator lamps, although the form
of such lamps may be greatly varied.
The outer wick tube of the burner of a lamp constructed for burning oil
of the above description a short distance below the point at which the wick
burns is perforated with a series of small holes, so that when the oil rises to
this point it flows through the holes into an annular space formed by another
tube which surrounds the wick tube, by which means any excess of oil is
reconducted to the oil reservoir. By this arrangement the level of the oil
in the burner is always maintained at the same height.
In suspended lamps the level of the oil in the burners is maintained
by means of a reservoir provided at the lower part with an opening or
tube communicating with the lamp or burner, the amount of oil required for
combustion being regulated by means of a valve.
The improved manufacture of oils prepared and combined according to
the first part of these improvements may be employed for various other
useful purposes if desired.