AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF SMOKE-CONSUMING FURNACE
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Smith, of York Street, Lambeth, in the
County of Surrey, Oven Builder, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED
19
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th November 1854.
I, FREDERICK SMITH, of York Street, Lambeth, in the County of Surrey,
Oven Builder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for." AN
IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF SMOKE-CONSUMING FURNACE" to be as follows:-
In this arrangement of furnace the bars are solid as usual, but they increase
in breadth as they approach the bridge, the object being to make the windage
greater near the door than at the bridge. Currents of air pass up flues made
in the side walls of the furnace, and thereby become heated; the air then
makes its exit at a horizontal opening, or openings extending across the
roof of the furnace. The flame of the furnace is deflected by, the combined
action of the projecting cheeks at the sides of the horizontal air-vent and
the descending current of hot air, and the passing volume of smoke given off
from the burning fuel is intercepted and consumed.
The deflecting checks I prefer to make of hollow iron, and I cause water to
circulate therein, for the purpose (mainly). of preventing them from burning
out rapidly. The cheeks may, however, be formed of fire brick.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederick Smith-in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
5th May 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
SMITH, of York Street, Lambeth, in the County of Surrey, Oven Builder,
send greeting.
WHEREAS 'Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victòria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of Her reign,
lid, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Frederick Smith, Her special license that I, the said Frederick Smith, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Frederick
Smith, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within. the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF
SMOKE-CONSUMING FURNACE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Frederick Smith, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and 'ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters' Patent..
:
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick Smith, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to
the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
The chief object of this Invention is so to construct the furnaces of bakers'
ovens, that-the-emission-of-smoke-therefrom-when-the-furnace is in fullopera-
tion will be wholly or in great part avoided. The arrangement of air flues
which I employ for this purpose may, however, be applied with advantage to
steam boiler and other furnaces.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of my
im
proved smoke-consuming furnace; Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view of the same,
shewing its connection with a baker's oven; and Fig. 3 is a cross section, taken
in the line 1, 2, of Fig. 2. The sides and roof of the fire-place, it will be
seen, are lined with fire brick a; a; behind- which air-flues are formed, for the

page_text: purpose of drawing in atmospheric air, and directing it when heated in a
stream or streams on to the top of the incandescent fuel.
The fire is supported upon solid fire bars b, b, which increase in breadth as
they approach the bridge c, the object being to make the windage greater near
the door than at the bridge, and by that means to supply the maximum quantity
of air to the fresh fuel. Currents of air enter the side flues d, d, in the walls
of the furnace from the ash-pit, and in passing upwards to a horizontal flue e
become heated; the air then makes its escape at a horizontal opening or
openings f, formed in and extending across the roof of the furnace. At the
sides of this opening are cheeks, which project downwards into the furnace, for
the purpose of guiding the descending current of hot air in a vertical direction,
or nearly so, on to the flame and heated gases as they pass towards the bridge.
These cheeks will also, by offering an obstruction to the forward progress
of the gases of combustion, assist in deflecting them on to the bright coals near
the bridge c, and thus the combustion of the smoke generated in the furnace
after every fresh charge of coals will be insured.
The deflecting cheeks, instead of being formed of fire bricks, as shewn in the
Drawing, I propose in some cases to construct of hollow iron, and when
adopting this material I cause a current of water to circulate through the
cheeks by any well-known arrangement, mainly for the purpose of preventing
their rapid destruction from the action of the flame upon them.
Having now set forth the nature of my Invention of "An Improved
Construction of Smoke-Consuming Furnace," and explained the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that under the above
in part recited Letters Patent I claim, the application to furnaces of the
means above described, whereby I am enabled to intercept the smoke on its
passage to the bridge of the furnace, and effect the combustion of the same
in the fire-place.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Smith, have hereunto set my
band and seal, the Twenty-sixth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.