Improved Method of Roughing Down Ingots for Heavy Section Iron and other purposes.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 28th July, 1892-Accepted, 10th Sept., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Method of Roughing Down Ingots for Heavy Section Iron
and other purposes.
I, CASPAR PAUL SCHUMACHER (commonly known as Caspar Schumacher.)
of the firm of L. W. Breuer Schumacher & Co. of Kalk, near Cologne in the
German Empire, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to an improved method of roughing down steel or iron
ingots such as those employed for the manufacture of heavy section iron girders
and the like, the object of my invention being to provide a substitute for the usual
process of roughing down in a cogging mill so that the costly cogging rolls may be
dispensed with.
My invention briefly consists in roughing down such ingots or blocks by means
of vertically and horizontally acting forging presses operated by hydraulic or other
suitable power by the employment of which with proper dies it is possible to rough
down the ingots in a very few operations.
To clearly explain my invention reference is made to the accompanying drawings
in which
Figs. 1 and 2 are front and end elevations respectively of the upper and lower
dies which I employ for the vertical forging press the ingot between same being
shown in section.
Fig. 3 is a view of the steel block or ingot.
Figs. 4 to 8 are similar views showing respectively the appearance of the ingot
after the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth strokes of the press while the sections
given on Sheet 2 show the form of the ingot after various strokes of the horizontal
press and the sections on Sheet 3 the various forms given after various strokes of
the vertical press.
In all the figures and sections the dimensions (which are given for the purpose of
illustration only) are in millimetres.
If for instance the vertical press employed is enabled to exert a pressure of
say 1200 tons it is found that with upper and lower dies shaped as shown in
Figs. 1 and 2 an ingot as shown in Fig. 3 may have at the first stroke a
groove formed in the upper and lower sides of same of 62.5 millimetres in depth
as shown in Fig. 4 and about 350 millimetres in length. These grooves or
indentures may be increased by a second stroke on moving forward the ingot
350 millimetres to a length of 700 millimetres and a depth of 125 millimetres
as shown in Fig. 5 while on again moving the ingot forward 350 millimetres
and giving a third stroke a length is given of one metre and a depth for the
As three strokes of the press
grooves of 150 millimetres as shown in Fig. 6.
thus rough down a length of one metre and ingots for large girders do not
usually exceed two metres in length, for roughing down the ingot to
sections I, II, III Figures 6, 7 and 8 about nine strokes are required. If the
press employed can make nine to ten strokes per minute the roughing down in
the vertical press will occupy about one minute. Pressing the grooves each way
above and below causes the metal to widen about 50 millimetres and consequently
girders 600 millimetres deep may be made from ingots with a section of 500 milli-
metres x 500 millimetres as shown in Fig. 3.
The ingot after this treatment by the vertical press is then treated by the
horizontal press in which the dies are flat blocks or surfaces, this press exerting a
pressure of say 800 to 900 tons.
In this the ingot is brought to the required breadth by a series of strokes of the

page_text: press, the various sections it assumes being shown on Sheet 2 their order being as
follows: Sections I" I [ next sections II II II and finally sections III III
and III.
This operation only occupies about a minute and the ingot thus produced can be
transferred to the rolls and the finished girder rolled at one heat.
If however it be found necessary to reduce the diameter still further before
rolling the partially forged ingot is put back into the vertical press where it is forged
to the sections shown on Sheet 3 their order being as follows:- -Sections 1 bbce
next a bb Ice and finally III III and III. From this press it may be
again passed through the horizontal press so as to 'assume the sections shown on
Sheet II sections IV, V, VI respectively and these sections can by further forging
in the vertical press be brought to the sections shown on Sheet III sections IV Va
and VI respectively. Only one pair of shaped moulds as shown in Figs. 1 and 2
is required in the vertical press for the above named sections and one pair of flat
dies in the horizontal press. If however other sections are required different dies
will be required. The presses are necessarily provided with appliances by means
of which ingots can be forged to the exact prearranged section and a train of
actuated rollers by which the ingots are fed to the press.
By the above process it is possible to turn out section iron of much greater
thickness than where the rougling down is done in a cogging mill.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
The improved method of roughing down ingots for heavy section iron and other
purposes by means of vertically and horizontally acting presses provided with dies,
substantially as described and illustrated.
Dated the 28th day of July 1892.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE, Fel. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.