matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE CORN MILLS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Nicholls at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th May
1859.
I, WILLIAM NICHOLLS, of Tregols Road, Truro, in the County of Cornwall,
Millwright, &c., do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE CORN MILLS," to be as follows :-
This Invention relates to a peculiar combination and arrangement of
machinery or apparatus for grinding corn, whereby facility is afforded for
transporting the entire apparatus from place to place.
According to this Invention a strong frame or carriage is used, mounted on
travelling wheels, and fitted with a pair of shafts, so as to be capable of being
drawn by horses. This frame or carriage contains a pair of millstones driven
by suitable toothed gearing from a vertical shaft working in bearings in the
framing, and rotated by means of horse or other power applied to the extremity
of a long horizontal lever, after the manner of the well-known "horse gin." A
corn bin and hopper are placed above the millstones, and facility is afforded
for adjusting the stones to the greatest nicety by means of an adjusting screw
for that purpose; other apparatus may obviously be combined for the purpose
of cleaning and dressing the corn as well as for grinding it, the whole forming
a compact and portable corn mill.
Iм- PROVEMENTS IN CANNON AND OTHER FIRE-ARMS, AND IN PROJECTILES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Fenton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th December
1859.
I, JAMES FENTON, of Low Moor, near Bradford, in the County of York,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN CANNON AND OTHER FIRE-ARMS, AND IN PROJECTILES," to be as
follows:-
My improvements consist, first, in enlarging the bore of the barrel of the
cannon or other fire-arm at the breech, for such length as will be occupied by
the powder and bullet, or the cartridge.
Second, in constructing the projectile so that a blow or blows of the ram-
rod will readily expand it to fill the enlarged portion of the bore above referred
to.
Third, the construction of projectiles to be used in unrifled guns, and ex-
panded in the bore at the breech as above described, with the proviso that the
front ends and under sides of such projectiles are heavier than the remaining
parts thereof, in order that when they leave the gun or other fire-arm, gravity
will tend to keep them in the same position throughout their flight.
A METHOD OF CLEARING THE BED OF RIVERS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Talbot Pitman at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st October
1859. A communication from abroad by William Kennish, of the City
of New York, in the State of New York, one of the United States of
America.
I, JOHN TALBOT PITMAN, of the American and European Patent Offices,
No. 67, Gracechurch Street, London, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A METHOD OF CLEARING THE BED OF RIVERS," a communi-
cation to him from abroad by William Kennish, of the City of New York, in
the State of New York, one of the United States of America, to be as
follows:-
It consists in forming at the bottom of the river an artificial current of water
by forcing a quantity of water by means of any suitable agent down through a
pipe, and projecting the same at any required velocity from a contracted orifice
at the mouth of the pipe, or by any arrangement in the pipe to produce the
said velocity. The current having produced the required effect, the apparatus
is removed to a new locality and again operated.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN UNHAIRING HIDES AND SKINS, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LEATHER
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Humphrey Humphreys, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th
March 1859.
I, HUMPHREY HUMPHREYS, the elder, of Buckingham, in the County of
Buckingham, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"AN IMPROVEMENT IN UNHAIRING HIDES AND SKINS, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
LEATHER," to be as follows:-.
This Invention has for its object an improvement in unhairing. hides and
skins, and in the manufacture of leather, and consists in the application of
the ashes of spent tanners' bark in the unhairing process.
For this purpose the spent tanners' bark is burned to an ash, the ash is
combined with water and is then used for unhairing hides and skins in like
manner to that in which lime and other matters have before been employed:
"
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF FORMING AND CONSTRUCTING BOXES OR CASES FOR POSTAL AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph William Wilson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd December 1859.
I, JOSEPH WILLIAM WILSON, of Buckingham Street, Strand, London, County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF FORMING AND CONSTRUCTING BOXES OR
CASES FOR POSTAL AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows, that is to say:―
I propose to make these boxes of wood, paper, millboard, cardboard, leather,
fibrous slabs, or sheets of metal, or combinations of any of these, and to form
them so that they will fold up and occupy small space. In figure they may
either be square, oblong, hexagonal, or octagonal. Each box consists of three
pieces; one of these forms the sides, the top, and the bottom, the other two
form each an end. The first one is marked, grooved, or impressed longitudi-
nally near its outer edges to secure the ends and transversely, so as to form a
mitre when the box is folded. On the outer face a cover of paper, canvas,
linen, leather, or other material is affixed, having a lappet extending beyond
one end, which being adhesive forms a hinge and secures the junction at the
end of the fold, so as to complete the box, which may, if necessary, be held
together by india-rubber bands, straps, or other ligatures. The pieces forming
the ends may or may not have hinges formed of canvas, linen, or material
similar to that mentioned before.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HERBAL CIGARRETTES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Auguste Constantin Bertrand
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 24th October 1859.
I, AUGUSTE CONSTANTIN BERTRAND, of Paris, in the Empire of France, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF HERBAL CIGARRETTES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in manufacturing cigarettes of certain herbs, which,
although pleasant to the smoker, are not at all pernicious, and are composed
of the following ingredients, viz., the leaves of the walnut tree, wild aster
(or daisy), roses, mint, serpillum, and melilot (or sweet trefoil). These are
to be mixed together in a combination of two, three, or more, as may be
required to suit the taste. They are then to be enclosed in a piece of
vegetable paper formed of walnut or other suitable leaves colored in imitation
of tobacco:
IMPROVEMENTS IN REAPING AND MOWING MACHINES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Bernhard Samuelson and John
Shaw at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 9th July 1859.
We, BERNHARD SAMUELSON and JOHN SHAW, both of the Britannia Works,
Banbury, in the County of Oxford, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN REAPING AND MOWING MACHINES," to be
as follows:-
Our Invention consists, firstly, of improvements in the parts which support
the driving and raking gear of reaping and mowing machines constructed
according to the Patent granted to W. S. Clark, dated 5th April 1858,
No. 270, and, secondly, in the finger beams of and applicable to reaping
& mowing machines in general.
The improvements first referred to consist in uniting the pedestals or
bearings which contain the main driving axle, and the frame containing the
rack quadrant or its equivalent, by means of a rigid bed plate (made by
preference of iron) common to both, instead of attaching those parts to
different detailed portions of the general framework of the machine, in other
words, we make the bed plate for the driving and raking parts independent of
and capable of being detached from the framing which supports the platform,
and in attaching to such bed plate a carrier for a second wheel when the
machine is used without platform. One advantage of this is that the whole of
the working parts, except the cutter bar and reel, may be sent from the

page_text: manufactory completely geared and ready for work. This is important when
the machine is intended to be sent to places where skilled labour is obtained
with difficulty. Recesses are provided at the front and towards the back of
the bed plate, into which the finger beam and the cross beam supporting the
platform are respectively fitted. When it is intended to use the machine for
cutting crops without gathering them, as in mowing green crops, this bed
plate, with the driving wheel gearing & cutter bar, is used without the
platform; or the parts lying beyond a suitable finger beam is fitted into the
front recess, but the back recess is left empty; the rake motion is stopped,
and the rake itself may be disconnected. When intended to be so used, it is
necessary to add a second wheel, between which and the driving wheel the
bed plate and gearing are suspended; this is done by attaching a carrier to
the bed plate, on which carrier the wheel shaft is supported.
The improvements referred to in the second place consist in making the so
called finger beam, that is, the bar to which the projecting fingers are attached,
and in front of which the cutters move, of hollow metal; it may either be a
cylindrical or oblong tube, so as to be hollow by itself, or it may consist of a
bar with or without projecting flanges, the hinder part of the fingers being so
formed and attached to it, that the series of them shall form together with it
a hollow structure.
IMPROVEMENTS IN EXPLOSIVE PROJECTILES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Ambler at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th July
1859.
I, HENRY AMBLER, of Halifax, in the County of York, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
EXPLOSIVE PROJECTILES," to be as follows:-
The improvements relate to forming explosive projectiles capable of suc-
cessive explosions, and with the first of such explosions being effected only on
the projectile striking an object. For this purpose the projectile is formed in
several compartments, each filled with powder. Ignition to the powder in the
first chamber is obtained by means of a slider containing percussion cap or
suitable detonating powder, and capable, by spring or such like pressure, of
being held in position in a chamber till the point of the projectile strikes an
object, when the slider with its percussion powder comes in contact with a
nipple, by which the cap containing the percussion powder or the cover thereof
is broken or perforated, and through the nipple communication is made to
ignite the powder in the first compartment. From the first to the second
compartment of the projectile there are channels provided with fusee or such
like suitable powder to ignite on the bursting of the first compartment, and
cominunicate to the powder in the second compartment, and there are similar
channels from the second to the third compartment, and in like manner from
the third to the fourth compartment, and so on, according to the number of
chambers desired. To insure the projectile striking point foremost, especially

page_text: when non-rifled or smooth-bored guns are used, I provide the foremost end of
the projectile with lead to make it heavier at that part, and a wooden stem at
the bindermost part or otherwise, hollow or ribbed, to obtain lightness at that
part, and upon this wooden stem or tail end I apply vanes capable of opening,
to operate somewhat as the feather of an arrow. If desired, the projectile
may be formed with compartments capable of successive explosions ignited
otherwise than upon striking an object. I provide the slider or sliding striker
with a cushion of sorne soft material to fall back upon, so that when the
powder exerts its force upon the external part of the shell, the detonating
powder in the sliding striker may receive no injury. I also furnish shot or
shell intended for a spiral gun, with a sponge or sponges to clean the gun,
and cause the shot or shell to revolve at one and the same time, and this 1 do
by means of thick felted or woven cloth collars affixed to the shot or shell by
means of screws.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FORGING METALS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Thomas Hughes at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th
September 1859.-A communication from abroad by Ernest Dams, of
7, Rue des Moulins, Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes & Son, Patent
Agents, 128, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
FORGING METALS," a communication from abroad by Ernest Dams, of 7, Rue
des Moulins, Paris, in the Empire of France, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in working forging hammers of any convenient size
or number by attaching them to a face plate revolving in a vertical plane in
such a manner, that during one part of their revolution they are caused to
strike the anvil with all their available force, and then to recede from the
same towards the centre of the revolving plate until they are again forced
forward to strike a second blow. The hammers are attached in any con-
venient manner to the extremities of metal shafts suspended in bearings in
the face plate, the points of suspension being at about two-thirds of the length
of the said shafts from the hammers, the other extremities of the shafts or
short levers during the rotation of the hammers are caused to come in contact
with certain guide plates, which, after the first blow is struck, throw the
hammers the required distance inwards and towards the centre of the face
plate, whilst at another part of their revolution another guide throws them

page_text: forward, to enable them to reach the work on the anvil. In order to enable
the workman to throw any or all of the hammers in or out of gear without
stopping the engine, the second guide plates are so constructed, that they can,
by suitable gearing, be removed from the contact of the short arm of the
hammer shaft during its rotation, by which means the position of the hammer
will not be altered after having encountered the first guide plate, and it or
they will continue to rotate without striking the anvil.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF IGNITING EXPLOSIVE PROJECTILES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Sir William George Armstrong at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th March 1859.
I, Sir WILLIAM GEORGE ARMSTRONG, Knight, of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, in
the County of Northumberland, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF IGNITING EXPLOSIVE
PROJECTILES," to be as follows:-
In the Specification. of Letters Patent bearing date the 10th day of April
1858, (No. 779,) I described certain arrangements whereby a shell or pro-
jectile might be ignited and exploded in striking an object endways.
Now, this my Invention has for its object the causing a shell or projectile
to be ignited and exploded on striking an object sideways, or otherwise than
endways. For this purpose the striker is fixed on a bolt which is withdrawn
by the shock the projectile receives on the firing of the gun, and being so
withdrawn is at liberty to move to one side, when the shell or projectile is
checked in its flight by striking sideways against an object; the effect of which
motion is to break or crush the receptacle of the detonating composition, and
to fire or ignite the charge in the shell or projectile falling on its side, or
striking with its side instead of its end against an object.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Borrington at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st September
1859.
I, JAMES BORRINGTON, of Derby, in the County of Derby, Plumber, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS,"
to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to obviate the evil arising from the weight of
the bucket or piston rod in deep lift pumps, and to render raising water less
laborious. I substitute for the wooden pole or iron rod generally adopted a
tube of gutta percha, or other suitable light non-absorbent material, and fix
therein or not an iron tube (by preference galvanized), fitted with proper
packings and couplings. To obtain increased strength and rigidity, I some-
times corrugate the gutta percha tube longitudinally, and in some cases for an
internal iron tube I substitute wire. Where it is preferred to use wooden
poles, my Invention consists in coating them with gutta percha, caoutchouc,
or other impervious material; or I surround either wooden or iron rods with
cork, or other like buoyant material. For collieries, mines, or other large
pumps, I prefer to render the bucket or piston rods buoyant by enclosing
them in a tube formed of corrugated sheet iron, galvanized or not, and made
air-tight.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING SMOKE AND ECONOMIZING FUEL
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Hallilay at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th March
1859.
I, WILLIAM HALLILAY, of Wakefield, in the County of York, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING SMOKE AND ECONOMIZING FUEL," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the employment of a simple and economical
apparatus applicable to existing furnaces or fire-places, whereby a moro
effectual combustion of the smoke is effected, and a considerable saving of
fuel obtained.
The essential feature of this Invention consists of an apparatus composed of
any convenient number of fire-clay tubes of from two to three feet in length,
fitted into and between two end or supporting pieces, also composed of fire-clay.
and perforated to correspond to the bore of the tubes, the ends of which are
let into circular recesses made on one side of the end or supporting pieces, and
of a diameter corresponding to the external diameter of the tubes. One or
more of theso apparatuses are placed inside the boiler or other flues a short
distance behind the bridge, so that the flame, gases, and products of com-
bustion will pass through the fire-clay tubes, which will shortly become red
hot, and will then effectually consume the unburnt gases, whilst at the same
time will impart a considerable amount of heat to the boiler. It is also
proposed, for the purposes herein-before referred to, to construct the upper
portion of the bridge of fire-clay, and to form across the top of the bridge in

page_text: the direction of the flue a series of openings or slits arranged very closely
together, so that the smoke and gases in passing over and through the
openings will be divided and subjected to a considerable dgree of heat.
Openings may in some cases be made in the fire doors in conjunction
with the use of the apparatus above described, so as to admit air freely
above the fire.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MACHINERY FOR CLEANING & TROPICAL OTHER FIBRES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Warren at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd September
1859.
I, FREDERICK WARREN, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MACHINERY FOR CLEANING & TROPICAL OTHER FIBRES,"
to be as follows:-
I make and substitute metalic endless bands for the non-metalic ones used
in carrying forward the tropical and other fibrous material to be operated
upon by certain parts of fibre-cleaning machines.
My Invention has especial reference to Brookes' patent fibre-cleaning
machine, but I do not confine myself to the application of the said Invention
to that machine only.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DAYLIGHT AND OTHER REFLECTORS, AND IN THE METHOD OF SUPPORTING LAMP REFLECTORS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
October 1859. A communication from abroad by Jean Boy, of
Paris.)
-
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, E. C., Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DAYLIGHT AND OTHER REFLECTORS, AND IN THE
METHOD OF SUPPORTING LAMP REFLECTORS," (communicated to me from abroad
by Jean Boy, of Paris,) to be as follows:―
This Invention consists, first, in the manufacture of daylight and other
reflectors by forming the body of the same of glass or crystal, and of any
ornamental or other shapes, and covering one surface or part of the surfaces
of the same with a coating of silver or gold by any suitable means.
The Invention consists, secondly, in supporting lamp reflectors upon the
lamp glasses or chimneys by means of a suitable ring or projection formed or
placed upon the said glasses or chimneys.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN FINISHING WOOLLEN CLOTHS, AND CLOTHS MADE FROM A COMBINATION OF WOOL AND OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Holroyd at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st March
1859.
I, JAMES HOLROYD, of Leeds, in the County of York, Cloth Finisher, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN
FINISHING WOOLLEN CLOTHS, AND CLOTHS MADE FROM A COMBINATION OF WOOL
AND OTHER MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
The frequent "finish" of woollen and "union" cloths (as is well known) is
a small close nap laying in one direction, and having a plain surface.
My Invention consists in so finishing woollen cloths and cloths made from
a combination of wool and other materials that an ornamental design is pro-
duced upon the plain surface of the cloths, which is effected by cutting or in
other ways making the nap shorter on certain parts than in other parts,
thereby producing a novel and peculiar effect; the whole of the nap after the
production of the design thereon being laid in one and the same direction as
heretofore.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON AND STEEL
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Anthony Bessemer at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd April
1859.
I, ANTHONY BESSEMER, of Tavistock Terrace, Upper Holloway, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF IRON AND STEEL," to be as follows:-
My said Invention consists in constructing furnaces employed in the manu-
facture of iron and steel, with a portion or portions of the bed or bottom
thereof raised above the level of the remaining part of the bottom or bed, and
in so mounting such furnaces that by means of suitable machinery the beds
thereof shall be caused to rock or perform an up-and-down motion for the
purpose of causing the melted metal to be roused about and turned over in
the said furnaces, whereby a fresh surface of the metal or fresh portions of the
metal will be continually raised to the surface to be acted on by oxygen
supplied in any convenient manner over or to the surface of the metal.in the
furnace.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN STRINGEING, GLOSSING, OR FINISHING SILK, AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Hammersley at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th June 1859.-A communication from abroad by James Leigh, of
Seymour, in the State of Connecticut, America.
I, WILLIAM HENRY HAMMERSLEY, of Leek, in the County of Stafford, Silk
Dyer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STRINGEING, GLOSSING, OR FINISHING SILK, AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED
THEREIN," as communicated to me from abroad by James Leigh, of Seymour,
in the State of Connecticut, America, to be as follows:-
Instead of stringeing, glossing, or finishing silk in the skein by hand, as
heretofore adopted, I make a machine consisting of a suitable frame open at
the top part, to admit of two vertical revolving studs and a flyer revolving in
a horizontal direction, the necessary motions being given to them by a
horizontal shaft through the machine, driven by suitable gearing. The silk is
put on the said studs, which are regulated so as to keep it in a proper state of
tension, and motion being given to the studs and flyer, the latter of which has
an arm or projection which passes through the centre of the skein or skeins,
and by means of the revolving motion, gives the necessary number of turns or
twists first in one direction and then in the other, until the desired polish or
gloss is obtained.
IMPROVED ADVERTISING CIRCULARS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION .left by Henry Keach and George Henry
Farrington at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 23rd April 1859.
We, HENRY KEACH and GEORGE HENRY FARRINGTON, of Bush Lane, in the
City of London, Wholesale Stationers, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVED ADVERTISING CIRCULARS," to be as follows:-
A sheet of card, paper, or other material being folded in one or more folds
covering each other, or in the manner of a tailor's pattern book, we draw or
print on each side of the various folds subjects or pictures, which may be
embossed or not. We then cut out or perforate by dies, stamps, or otherwise,
pieces of the folds, in different shapes and sizes, which, admitting some portion
of the underfold to sight, produces a scenic effect, developing a different scene
or picture as each flap is unfolded.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Hyde at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th April
1859.
I, JOSEPH HYDE, of Hollingworth, near Mottram, in the County of Chester,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows:-
My Invention is applicable to those steam boilers in which one or more
internal flues are employed, and it consists in suspending or otherwise support-
ing a water chamber within the flue or flues; these chambers are connected
by tubes to the interior of the boiler to allow the water to circulate freely
therein. The end of the water chamber near the bridge divides the products
of combustion, which in passing along the flue surround the water chamber,
and distribute the heat more advantageously than heretofore.
A NEW OR IMPROVED REGULATOR FOR GAS BURNERS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Maxwell Blews
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 3rd August 1859.
J, WILLIAM HENRY MAXWELL BLEWS, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "A NEW OR IMPROVED REGULATOR FOR GAS BURNERS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of a regulator for gas burners, constructed in the
manner herein-after explained, the said regulator being placed between the
supply pipe and the burner. By the use of my new or improved regulator a
steady flame is produced under varying pressures of the gas supply. My
new or improved regulator is constructed as follows:-The gas is supplied
to a small chamber, the said chamber being made, by preference, in two
halves, connected together by screwing or otherwise. The gas is delivered
near the top of the said chamber by a pipe passing up the axis of the chamber.
The gas escapes from the said pipe through jets made in a horizontal plane.
Over the said pipe a bell-shaped cap is dropped, against the interior of which
the horizontal jets of gas strike. The gas descends in the inside of the said
cap, and, passing its lower edge, rises between the said cap and the chamber
to the top of the said chamber, from whence it escapes to the jet.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GLOVES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George White at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd November
1859. A communication from abroad by Mr. Emmanuel Escoubé, of
Toulouse, France.
I, GEORGE WHITE, of 34, Dowgate Hill, Cannou Street, in the City of
London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN GLOVES;" it has been communicated to me from abroad by Mr. Emmanuel
Escoubé, of Toulous, France, to be as follows:-
These improvements relate to gloves of any description or material, and
consist in providing them at the upper part with an incision or opening similar
to that existing in that part in kid gloves, and extending from the wrist
towards the palm, and fixing in the said opening a gusset, or piece of any
suitable elastic material, which, when the glove is to be put on, may be
extended sufficiently to allow the introduction of the hand therein, and which
afterwards will hold firmly round the wrist. Instead of having the elastic
medium in one piece the same may be formed of several elastic ties or tapes
fixed from side to side in the said opening.
CARTRIDGES'S PAPER, CHEMICALLY PREPARED FOR PERCUSSION FIRE-ARM
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Germain Canouil at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th October
1859.
I, GERMAIN CANOUIL, of 93, Curtain Road, Shoreditch, in the County of
Middlesex, Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"CARTRIDGES'S PAPER, CHEMICALLY PREPARED FOR PERCUSSION FIRE-ARM," to be as
follows:-
My Invention in preparing paper for the manufactur of cartridges for
percussion fire-arm consists in the immerssion of commun paper in a solution
acqueuse of minerals salts. Such paper so prepared will dispense of the
breaking of the cartridges prèvious to being introduced in the gun as it is at
present practised, the explosion of the cap being sufficient for communicating
the fire to the powder through such prepared paper, being a great desideratum
for the breech-loading fire-arm.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DESTROYING NOXIOUS EXHALATIONS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th August
1859. A communication from abroad by Messieurs Silas and Pegot-
Ogier, of Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fieids, in the County of
Middlesex, and of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of Glasgow, North
Britain, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN DESTROYING NOXIOUS EXHALATIONS," a communication from
abroad by Messieurs Silas and Pegot-Ogier, of Paris, in the Empire of France,
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved system or node of destroying or
neutralizing the effects of noxious exhalations arising from stagnant water or
polluted streams or rivers, and consists in the employment of fire or inflam-
mable mixtures capable not only of burning in contact with water, but of
having their effect considerably augmented by such contact. For this purpose it
is proposed to make use of phosphurets which will decompose when in contact
with water, and emit phosphuretted hydrogen gas, which inflames sponta-
neously on mixing with the air. A vessel or receptacle is proposed to be
employed for containing the phosphuret, and so constructed that when floated
on the surface of the water whence the noxious exhalations are emitted, a
certain quantity of the water will be admitted therein, and by mixing with
the phosphuret produce the gas and flame required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CHURNS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Fuller at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th March
-1859.
I, JAMES FULLEB, of Reading, in the County of Berks, Turner, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHURNS," to.
be as follows:-
A revolving axis is formed with a series of arms or beaters which are placed
around such axis so as to succeed cach other step by step, and they are each
formed inclined towards their opposite edges, by which, in the rotary motion
of the axis, the cream will be forced downwards. The upper and the
lowermost of the beaters are fixed with their broad sides in the direction of the
axis, the better to clear the top and the bottom. Motion is given to the axis
by a pinion fixed thereon taken into by a wheel with handle or by other
suitable means.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Thomas at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th December
1859.
I, THOMAS THOMAS, of Rawtenstall, in the County of Lancaster, Book-
keeper, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as
follows:-
Instead of attaching the flyer to the spindle upon which the bobbin is
placed, as at present adopted, I make the flyer spindle and the bobbin spindle
in separate parts, the flyer spindle consisting of a tube, at the bottom of which
are the arms of the flyer; the tube fits and works in suitable bearings in the
framework of the machine, and is mounted with a wharve of any required
diameter. The material to be spun passes from the rollers through the interior
of the tube to one of the eyes of the flyer, and from thence to the bobbin
which is fixed to a spindle turning in bearings in the lifting rail, the necessary
drag being obtained in any suitable manner. Motion is first given to the
spindle flyer, the thread from which moves the bobbin spindle and bobbin.
The aforesaid improved spindle flyer may be applied to all descriptions of
spinning machinery, but in certain cases the bobbin may be dispensed with.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Clarke at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd March
1859.
I, SAMUEL CLARKE, of Albany Street, Regent's Park, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES," to be as follows:-
Heretofore there has been much waste in burning the last portions of
candles, and when burning candles in lamps, in consequence of such last
portions of candles becoming melted faster than they have been consumed,
the melted matters have descended to and clogged the springs of the lamps.
Now my improvements consist in manufacturing candles with their lower
ends composed of plaster of Paris or other suitable cement, which, in addition
to extending the lengths of the candles, also sustain the wicks whilst the
lower portions of the candles are being consumed. For these purposes I
cement a strip of paper or other suitable material around the end of each
candle, allowing the same to extend such a distance beyond the end of the
candles as I wish to be composed of plaster of Paris or cement; and in making
the candles I allow the wicks to extend a short distance below the end of the
candles. Fluid plaster of Paris, or other suitable cement, is run into the hollow
spaces formed at the ends of the candles, and thus is there an incombustible
end formed to each candle, which enters the socket of the candlestick or
candle holder, and so renders the use of other save-alls unnecessary.
Lock PROTECTOR CONSISTING OF AN ADHESIVE SHIELD OR COVER TO BE PLACED OVER THE KEYHOLE OF A. LOCK FOR THE PURPOSE OF ENSURING THAT ANY ACCESS TO THE INTERIOR OF THE LOCK SHALL BE READILY DETECTED
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Furrell at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th August 1859.
I, JAMES FURRELL, of No. 5, Upper Phillimore Place, Kensington, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A Lock PROTECTOR CONSISTING OF AN ADHESIVE SHIELD OR COVER
TO BE PLACED OVER THE KEYHOLE OF A. LOCK FOR THE PURPOSE OF ENSURING THAT
ANY ACCESS TO THE INTERIOR OF THE LOCK SHALL BE READILY DETECTED," to be
as follows:-
The said Invention of a lock protector consists of an adhesive shield or cover
to be placed over the keyhole of a lock. For the purpose of ensuring that
any access to the interior of the lock shall be readily detected, it is to be
made of paper, and to be of any suitable size or form. One surface thereof,
which I call the front surface, may be either wholly or partially plain or gilt,
illuminated, or enamelled, or engraved, printed, painted, coloured, or stained
with some ornainental or other pattern or device, or in such manner as to bear
resemblance to a scutcheon, or to the external surface of the various articles
of furniture or other articles upon which it may be placed; the other surface of
the said shield or cover, which I call the back surface, is to be coated or
washed with gunt, size, or other good adhesive substance. In the use or
application of the said shield or cover, the back surface thereof being first
damped or wetted, it is to be affixed over the keyhole of the lock so as to
completely cover the same, the person using it having previously written or
made on the front surface thereof his name or signature, or some mark of

page_text: identification, or otherwise having made thereon in wax the impression of his
seal. The said shield or cover being so affixed over the keyhole of a lock,
and permitted to become dry, access to the interior of the lock cannot be had
without the removal or destruction, or defacement of the said shield or cover,
and the same shield or cover cannot be removed and replaced without an
entire or partial destruction or defacement thereof, thus ensuring that any
access to the interior of the lock shall be readily detected, the name, signa-
ture, mark of identification, or seal of the person using the said shield or cover
written or made thereon as before mentioned will identify the particular one
used, and prevent on a removal of that the substitution of another.
AN IMPROVE- MENT IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMB
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Henry Burton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th March
1859.
I, JAMES HENRY BURTON, of Enfield Lock, in the County of Middlesex,
England, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVE-
MENT IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMB," to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in constructing the steel or iron breech plug in such
a manner that the part coming in contact with the explosive force of the
powder is separated from the main portion by interposing a cylinder or ring of
copper or other suitable metal, and all are secured together by a screw or
other device. The end of one or both these parts next the cylinder may be
made of a convex form to fit a corresponding cavity in the cylinder, or the
surfaces in contact may be flat, so that the explosive force acting upon the
plug will cause the cylinder to expand, and thus prevent the escape of the gas
at the breech; the cylinder thus enclosed between these two hardened portions
is also protected from injury.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Jones at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th May
1859.
I, JOHN JONES, of Dorstone, in the County of Hereford, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MUSICAL
INSTRUMENTS," to be as follows:-
The improvements have for their object the combination with the violin, or
such like stringed musical instrument, of the concertina or accordion, or wind
musical instrument of that character, in such manner that the two instruments,
or parts of the combined instrument, may be played at the same instant as
accompaniment and in harmony the one to the other, and by the same
fingering, or that either may be separately played if desired. For this purpose,
the case of the violin or such like instrument is formed to receive the chamber
of metallic tongues, valves, &c., with connections to the studs or keys, by
which, when wind is applied, the tongues are caused to vibrate. These studs
or keys are arranged in rows by the side of the strings in the neck of the
violin or such like instrument, so as to be readily acted upon by the fingering
for those strings, and yet so that either may be separately acted upon when
desired. I also apply additional notes lower than those of the violin. Extra
notes may be applied when desired, an octave or octaves above or below. The
bellows I prefer to be separate, connected by flexible tube, and operated by
the feet, or by being placed between the knees or otherwise. The combi-
nation may also be applied to the harp, to be acted upon as an accompaniment
by the fingers of one hand of the operator.
AN IMPROVED EFFERVESCING LEMONADE
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Schofield at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th April
1859.
I, WILLIAM SCHOFIELD, of 13, Thomas Street, Stamford Street, Blackfriars
Road, London, Mineral Water Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED EFFERVESCING LEMONADE," to be as
follows:-
The improvements in effervescing lemonade, which I call Schofield's India
lemonade, consist in suitable mixing
Rich Malaga wine
pint,
Essence of lemon
Sugar
Acid of lemon
Water
-
-
30 drachms,
-
8 lbs.,
3 oz.,
a gallon of liquor, to which is added the aërated water.
3 quarts & pint to
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRAWING OFF FLUIDS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Cornelius Keily at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
February 1859.
I, ALFRED CORNELIUS KEILY, of Silchester Road, Notting Hill, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRAWING OFF FLUIDS," to be
as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to do away with the ordinary vent peg, and
to provide more convenient means for admitting the atmospheric pressure to
the fluid contained in a vessel of any kind when it has to be drawn off there-
from. This I do by forming a suitable small hole in the cock, tap, or other
like appliance, and by also connecting with it a flexible (or other) tube leading
to the upper part of the vessel, the parts being so arranged that when the
cock, tap, or other appliance is turned for drawing off the fluid, communication
be established between the interior of the vessel and the atmosphere
through the said small hole and the flexible tube, and vice versa.
may
CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Boaler at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th April
1859. Partly a communication from Allan Hay, of New York, U.S.A.
I, WILLIAM BOALER, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Merchant,
do hereby declaro the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP," (partly communicated to me by Allan.
Hay, of New York, U.S.A., & partly invented by myself,) to be as follows:-
The improvement in the manufacture of soap consists, first, in the novel
employment of the mineral called steatite, and more commonly known as
soapstone, when mixed or combined with silicate of soda, and to be introduced
into any or every description of soap during the process of its manufacture.
The improvement consists, secondly, in mixing or combining the said steatite
or soapstone with the ordinary soda of commerce, and employing them during
the process of the manufacture of soap.
And, thirdly, the use of either of these two articles in combination with
steatite or soapstone in the manufacture of soap.
A NOVEL APPLI- CATION OF A PLANT TO THE MANUFACTURE OF PULP FOR PAPER AND MILLBOARD, AND IN THE METHOD OF TREATING THE SAME WHEN SO APPLIED
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Léon Castelain and Charles
Fréderic Vasserot at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 23rd September 1859.
We, LEON CASTELAIN, of 53, Newman Street, Oxford Street, and CHARLES
FREDERIO VASSEROT, of 45, Essex Street, Strand, both in the County of Mid-
dlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NOVEL APPLI-
CATION OF A PLANT TO THE MANUFACTURE OF PULP FOR PAPER AND MILLBOARD, AND
IN THE METHOD OF TREATING THE SAME WHEN SO APPLIED," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists, firstly, in manufacturing pulp from liquorice root
so as to apply it to the manufacture of paper and millboard; secondly, in the
method of treating the said liquorice root when made use of for manufacturing
the said pulp. For this purpose, I prefer to employ the residue of the liquorice
root after the liquorice juice has been extracted. This residue is placed in
cold water in a wooden vat, having a double bottom made of wire gauze.
When it is well washed, it is passed between two cylinders, so as to crush the
plant; the fibres are then boiled in soap water by means of steam for about
six hours, and washed again in cold water. After this they are soaked in
acidulated water for about half an hour; they are washed again in cold water,
and placed in a mill so as to reduce them into a pulp, which is bleached by
the ordinary process. If the pulp is intended for the manufacture of brown
paper, it is treated in the same manner, with the exception of the bleaching
process.
A NEW OR IMPROVED TRAP FOR CATCHING ANIMALS, BIRDS, AND FISHES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Palmer at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th March
1859.
I, JAMES PALMER, of Sutton Coldfield, in the County of Warwick, Edge
Tool Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A
NEW OR IMPROVED TRAP FOR CATCHING ANIMALS, BIRDS, AND FISHES," to be as
follows:-
birds, and fishes. My
My Invention consists of a trap for catching animals,
Invention is particularly applicable as a vermin trap. The said trap consists
of a bar of iron or other metal, to which two hooks are connected in the
following manner :-One of the said hooks is capable of sliding for a short
distance along the said bar, and by its sliding motion to move a small lover at
the end of the bar opposite to that at which the said hook is situated. The
hook described is provided with the bait; the other hook turns upon a joint
upon the bar, and when thrown back is held by the lever actuated by the bait
hook. A strong coiled spring throws the jointed hook forward with great
force when it is disengaged from the said lever. To set the trap, the jointed
hook is thrown back and held by the small lever.
with a bait, and the trap is fixed to the ground.
bait, the bait hook pulling the small lever liberatos the jointed hook, which is
thrown forcibly forwards, and strikes the animal at the bait on the nose or
other part of the body. The said jointed hook thereby secures the animal.
The bait hook is furnished
When an animal seizes the

page_text: Instead of one jointed hook, two of the said hooks may be used, and the trap
may act by the foot of the animal instead of by the seizing of a bait. Instead
of the jointed hook, a spear or spears may be employed and shot forwards by
the coiled spring.