Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Oct., 1896-Accepted, 20th Feb:, 1897
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garettes.
I PHILIP ARTHUR NEWTON of The Office for Patents, 6 Bream's Buildings,,
Chancery Lane in the County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the a
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The present invention relates to improved cigarettes of elliptical form in cross
section, which form fits better between the lips, and avoids the necessity for
moistening and flattening the ends, as in the ordinary cylindrical cigarettes.
One feature of the present invention-consists in an elliptical cigarette having
a seam on the edge, or on each edge, of the cigarette, as distinguished from elliptical
cigarettes as heretofore made, which have been formed with the seam on the broad
or flat side of the cigarette. By making the seam of the elliptical cigarette on its
edge in accordance with this portion of the invention, many advantages are secured,,
of which the following are the most important :-
The desirability of a seamless cigarette, or oue having the appearance of being.
seamless, has long been recognized, but such a result or appearance has heretofore
been secured only by moulding a seamless paper tube, and filling the tube with
tobacco after moulding, which is very expensive, and as the filler is forced
longitudinally into the tubular wrapper after the wrapper has been formed, the.
tobacco does not closely fill the tube, and can readily be displaced longitudinally
by pushing it out of the latter. By making the seam of the elliptical cigarette on
its edge, however, the cigarettes, which lie on their broad or flat sides when packed,
will then appear to the eye seamless, and even when handled separately have.
approximately that appearance.
The formation of elliptical cigarettes with the seam on the edge also secures a
seamless surface for printing on the broad or flat side, which is very important, as
it is very difficult to produce a good impression on the top of a seam with the Hat
type necessarily used, as the printing will not be uniform, being heavy on the seam,.
and faint at each side of the seam, the type in some cases failing to print throughout..
Such cigarettes, moreover, may readily be printed on a seamless surface on both
sides, so that, in packing, it is unnecessary to place the cigarettes with a certain
side up, but the printing will always be uppermost and exposed, whichever side
is up..
The improved cigarettes also are stronger than with the seam on the broad or
flat side, as the strain comes primarily on the flat side, and the pull upon the edges
is sidewise of the seam, instead of largely transverse to it, as is the case where the
seam it made on the flat side of the cigarette, so that a weaker seam will hold the
wrapper, or the same seam will produce a stronger cigarette.
lu making the cigarette in the preferred form, also, that is, by corrugating..
indenting or perforating the edges together, to form what is known as a crimped
seam cigarette, the support which is used inside the wrapper, in machines for
making continuous cigarette rods with such seam, can be thicker and stiffer, on
account of pressing the tobacco sidewise, instead of flat-wise, so as to permit a

page_text: greater pressure upon the seam. In thus making the seam upon the flat side of
the cigarette, the interior support must be quite thin, wide, and flat.
There is an advantage also in elliptical cigarettes having the seam on the edge,
in that the lips do not come in contact-with the seam to the same extent as when
the seam is upon the broad or flat side, thus avoiding the somewhat rough
feeling of the cigarette to the lips, especially with crimped or perforated seams,
and this feature of less contact between the lips and the cigarette seam is also
important in the case of pasted cigarettes, as the paste is sometimes unpleasant
to the lips, being liable to harden and stick thereto, and, moreover, the saliva in
the mouth is less liable to loosen the wrapper by contact with the paste, than when
the seam is made on the broad or flat side. This feature of less contact between the
lips and seam, moreover, removes largely the objection to cigarettes made with the
edges of the wrapper turned outwardly, and secured together so as to form a slight
rib projecting from the cigarette, this rib being very objectionable when placed on
the broad or flat side of an elliptical cigarette, but hardly noticeable when placed
OB one or both edges.
While it is preferable on account of the above advantages secured thereby, that
the pasteless or crimped seam should be placed upon the edge of the cigarette, an
elliptical.cigarette with the pasteless or crimped seam on the broad or flat side of
the cigarette possesses many advantages over the elliptical cigarettes heretofore
made with a pasted seam upon the broad or flat side of the cigarette, and the
invention includes also a construction of elliptical cigarette having a pasteless or
crimped seam on the broad or flat side. The most important advantage of 'this
construction over the pasted seam cigarettes are as follows:-
A's is well known, the paste of pasted seam cigarettes is unpleasant to the lips,
being liable to harden and stick thereto, and this objectionable result occurs
especially in elliptical cigarettes having a pasted seam on the broad or flat side, as
such cigarettes have heretofore been made, in that one of the lips is constantly in
contact with the pasted scam, the cigarette. being naturally held flatwise in the
mouth. In the case of cylindrical cigarettes, the pasted seam does not come so
constantly in contact with the lips, as the position of the cigarette in the mouth
during smoking is varied, so that in such cigarettes the avoidance of this objection
is not so important as in the case of elliptical cigarettes.
In such elliptical cigarettes, moreover, the paste of the seam is very liable to
be softened by the saliva, so as to loosen the wrapper, ou account of the constant
contact of the moist lips with the seam, if placed, as usual, on the broad or flat
side, but by the use of the pasteless seam this objection is entirely avoided.
The pasted-seam also, as is well known in connection with cylindrical cigarettes,
is liable to contract so as to compress the tobacco beyond the point to which it is
compressed in the process of manufacture. This is of comparatively slight
importance in the case of cylindrical cigarettes, as the pressure of the wrapper
is distributed evenly over the whole surface of the tobacco, but in the case of
elliptical cigarettes, a slight pressure upon the opposite broad or flat sides will
produce such a compression and hardening of the tobacco as to interfere with the
smoking qualities of the cigarettes, so that it is of importance to avoid the com-
pression due to the contraction of the zeam, which contraction is entirely avoided
by the use of the crimped or similar pasteless seam. The pasted seam, moreover,
requires a wider lap than the crimped or similar pasteleus seam, which not only
requires more paper, but also causes a greater irregularity of burning in smoking
the cigarette, and interferes with the general appearance of the cigarette. The
crimped or similar pasteless seam may produce only a quite narrow line of
thickened wrapper, so that more surface is burned evenly, and consequently
the smoking qualities, as well as the general appearance of the cigarette, are
improved.
Another feature of the invention consists in an elliptical cigarette, which tapers
longitudinally, so as to increase in size from the end which is placed between the
lips in smoking, by which construction many advantages are secured, and especially

page_text: over the elliptical cigarettes with paper wrappers heretofore made, which have
been of uniform diameter throughout, of which advantages in connection with such
cigarettes the following are the most important:-
The quantity of tobacco that can be put into the common cigarette is quite
limited, because the end of the cigarette which is held between the lips in smoking
must be small, for convenience, which necessarily reduces the size of the whole
cigarette, if made of uniform diameter throughout. The result is that the
cigarette contains less tobacco than is desirable, and the proportion of paper to
tobacco smoked is quite large. It is possible to increase the amount of tobacco in
the cigarette by lengthening the latter, but this is objectionable, as the standard
length of cigarettes is that which has been found by experience most convenient,
and any increase in length of the cigarette of course correspondingly increases the
amount of paper, the proportion of paper to tobacco being maintained. The
present invention, however, provides a cigarette which may contain a considerably.
larger amount of tobacco than the cigarettes of uniform diameter heretofore made,
and reduces largely the proportion of paper to tabacco, while at the same time
the standard length of the cigarette may be preserved, and the end of the cigarette
which is held between the lips in smoking is, or may be, of the same size as, or
smaller than, the end of the cigarettes in common use, so as to be conveniently.
held by the lips.
With the cigarettes now in common use, the proportion of tobacco thrown away
in the "stub is quite large relatively to the quantity of tobacco in the cigarette,
so that it is necessary to use holders for the cigarette in smoking, if the user wishes
to avoid this comparatively large waste of tobacco. With the tapering cigarette
of the present invention, however, the amount of tobacco in the stub relatively.to
the whole amount of tobacco in the cigarette, is so small, that it may economically
be disregarded by the smoker, and the use of holders for economical purposes is
avoided.
Further, it is difficult to produce the common cigarette by the process of first
inaking the tube of cigarette length, and then filling it with tobacco, as the tobacco
is liable to be pressed out of the tube, in process of manufacture, and, moreover,
the proper filling of the tube throughout is difficult, and the tobacco can too easily
be forced out of the wrapper in the completed cigarette. By making the paper
wrapper and enclosed filler of tapering form, in accordance with the present inven-
tion, however, the paper tube may be filled conveniently, readily, and perfectly,
from the larger end, after the completion of the tube, and without danger of forcing
the tobacco out of the tube in the process of manufacture, on account of the con-
tracted size of the end towards which the tobacco is.forced, and the tight filling
of the wrapper, also avoids the danger of loss of the tobacco from the wrapper in
the completed cigarette.
While, as above stated, this part of the invention relates especially to cigarettes
of the class having a paper wrapper, the invention consists, in part, of an elliptical
cigarette of tapering form, as this form fits better between the lips, and avoids the
necessity for moistening and flattening the ends, as with cylindrical cigarettes, this
form, therefore, securing the advantages of the tapering cigarette with a larger
filler, and more convenient mouth eud, than would otherwise be practicable.
While this feature of the invention is of especial importance in that class of
cigarettes having a paper wrapper, it is of value also in other classes of
cigarettes, such as the now well-known "all tobacco cigarettes," having a tobacco
wrapper.
made by
the seam
In making
Cigarettes embodying the invention, broadly considered, may be
different methods, and by apparatus of widely different character, and
or seams by which the wrapper is secured may be of different forms.
cigarettes of uniform diameter, embodying the broader features of the invention,
however, it is preferable to use a method similar to that now in use in connection
with cylindrical cigarettes, by which a continuous filler is enclosed within a wrapper
strip, and the latter secured to form a continuous cigarette rod, consisting of a

page_text: continuous filler, substantially elliptical in cross section, confined within a con-
tinuous elliptical paper tube, which continuous cigarette rod is subsequently
divided into proper lengths to form cigarettes of the same character, the seam
preferably being formed, as above stated, by rolling or folding the edges together,
and corrugating or indenting them, to form a pasteless seam of that class which is
now known as a "crimped "seam.
For a full understanding of the invention, a detailed description of constructions
embodying all the features of the invention in their preferred form will now be
given, in connection with the accompanying drawings, and the features forming the
invention will then be specifically pointed out in the claims.
In the drawings,-
Figs. 1 and 14 are respectively a perspective view and cross section of a cigarette
embodying the invention in the form which is now considered the best, with a
crimped seam formed by cross corrugations in the edges of the wrapper previously
folded or rolled together.
Figs. 2 and 2 are similar views, showing a modified form in which the
corrugations run longitudinally of the cigarette.
Figs. 3 and 34 are similar views showing a cigarette with the edges turned
inwardly, and secured together so as to form a rib inside the wrapper.
Figs. 4 and 4 are similar views showing a cigarette with a pasted seam on
one edge.
Figs. 5 and 5 are similar views, showing a cigarette with a pasted seam on
each edge.
Figs. 6 and 64 are similar views, showing a cigarette similar to that shown in
Fig. 3, with the edges turned outwardly to form an external.rib.
Figs. 7 and 74 are similar views, showing a cigarette of the same construction as
in Fig. 6, but with a seam on each edge.
Figs. 8 and 84 are similar views, showing a cigarette of the same construction as
shown in Figs. 1 and 2, but with the folded or rolled edges of the wrapper perforated
together, to secure then.
Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a continuous cigarette rod, with a crimped seam
of the same form as shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a cigarette with a crimped seam of the same
form as shown in Fig. 1, but on the broad or flat side of the cigarette.
Figs. 10 and 10 are cross sections of the same cigarette, with the seam open,
to show two different methods of forming the seam.
Figs. 11 and 11 are views similar to Figs. 10 and 10°, showing a modified form
in which the corrugations run longitudinally of the cigarette, as in Fig. 2.
Figs. 12 and 124 are similar views, showing the cigarette with the edges turned
inwardly, and secured together by crimping, indenting, or corrugating, so as to
form a crimped seam with a rib extending inside the wrapper.
Figs. 13 and 13 are similar views, showing the cigarette with a seam similar to
that shown in Figs. 8 and 84, that is, with the layers of the wrapper secured together
by perforating, indenting, or corrugating.
Fig. 14 is a perspective view of a continuous cigarette rod, with a crimped seam
on the broad or flat side, of the same form as shown in Fig. 10.
Figs. 15 and 15 and 15B are respectively a plan and opposite end views of a
longitudinally tapering elliptical cigarette, with a crimped seam on the edge.
Figs. 16 and 16 and 16" show a similar cigarette with a pasted seam on the
edge.
Figs. 17 and 17 and 17 show a similar cigarette, but with the crimped seam
on the broad or flat side.
In each of the figures of the drawings, a is the tobacco filler and 6 the wrapper,
preferably of paper, as usual in cigarettes, forming a tube enclosing the filler, so
as to form with the latter a cigarette of substantially elliptical form in cross
section.
The pasteless, or crimped seam 1 shown in Figs. 1 and 9, is formed by corrugating

page_text: or indenting the edges of the wrapper so as to secure them together, the edges of
the wrapper, prior to corrugating or indenting, preferably being turned outwardly
or inwardly, and rolled or folded together, as now well understood in the art, in
connection with cylindrical cigarettes, both in methods for making continuous
cigarette rods, and in making crimped seam cigarettes by other methods.
The seam 2 shown in Fig. 2 is the same as seam 1, and preferably formed in the
same manner, except that the corrugating or indenting devices which form the
crimped seam are arranged to make the corrugations or indentations run
longitudinally of the cigarette.
The seam 3 of Fig. 3 is made by turning the edges of the wrapper inwardly, so
as to form a rib projecting inside the wrapper, and securing them together, preferably"
by corrugating, indenting, or perforating them without paste, although paste may
be used in addition to corrugating, indenting, or perforating. This form of seam
may also be made without corrugating, indenting, or perforating the edges, by
pasting them together..
Seams 4 of Figs. 4 and 5 are pasted seams made in the usual way, by overlapping
the edges of the wrapper, and pasting them together, the cigarette shown in Fig. 4
being made from a single strip of wrapper paper, and with the seam at one edge,
and that shown in Fig. 5 being made from two strips of wrapper paper, with a seam
at each edge.
The seam 5 shown in Figs. 6 and 7 is or may be formed in the same way as
seam 3 of Fig. 3, except that the edges of the wrapper are turned outwardly, and
secured together, so as to form a single external rib, as shown in Fig. 6, or.
two external ribs, when two strips are used, as shown in Fig. 7. It will be
understood that these external ribs may be rolled, folded, or pressed down upon
the cigarette.
The seam 6 of Fig. 8 is or may be formed in exactly the same manner as...
seams 1 and 2 of Figs. 1 and 2, except that instead of corrugating or indenting
the wrapper edges, so as to form a crimped seam, the successive layers of the
wrapper are perforated together, and thus secured either with or without paste.
The seam 1 of Figs. 10 and 14 is the same as that shown in Figs. 1 and 9,.
except that it is formed upon the broad or flat side of the cigarette or cigarette
rod, this seam being formed by corrugating or indenting the edges of the wrapper
after the edges are turned outwardly, as shown in Fig. 104, or inwardly, as shown
in Fig. 10, and rolled or folded together, the preferred form being that shown in
Fig. 10, with the edges turned inwardly.
The seams shown in Figs. 11, 12, and 13, are respectively the seams 2, 3, and 6,
of Figs. 2, 3, and 8, the seam 3 in Fig. 12 being shown as secured by corrugating,
indenting, or perforating the inwardly turned edges of the wrapper together, so as
to form a pasteless seam cigarette with an internal rib formed by the edges of the
wrapper, and the same construction may be used with an external rib, formed by
the outwardly-turned edges of the wrapper, as shown in Fig. 6. It is obvious,
however, that, with the seam formed upon the broad or flat side of the cigarette,
the external rib is objectionable, unless it be folded and pressed down upon the
cigarette.
In Figs. 15 to 17 are shown elliptical, longitudinally tapering cigarettes
embodying the features of this part of the invention.
The seam 1 shown in Figs. 15 and 17 is the same as shown in Figs. 1, 9, 10,
and 14, the seam being shown in Fig. 15 as formed upon the edge of the elliptical
cigarette, and in Fig. 17 as formed upon the broad or flat side of the cigarette.
The seam 4 shown in Fig. 16 is the same as that shown in Fig. 4, being a
common pasted seam formed by overlapping the edges of the wrapper, and pasting
them together flat. It will be understood that the pasted seam also may be used
upon the bread or flat side of the longitudinally-tapering cigarette, in the
san.e manner as the pasteless seani shown in Fig. 17, but the pasteless seam is
preferable, especially when placed upon the broad or flat side.
In all the constructions shown, seamed wrapper tubes are used, with the seam

page_text: running in a straight line longitudinally of the cigarette, but it will be understood
that the invention is not limited thereto, but that the wrapper tube may be made
by any process, whether the tube be seamless or not, and with a straight or curved
scam of any character.
The uniform diameter cigarettes shown in Figs. 1 to 14, are preferably made, as
above stated, by the continuous rod method, and any specific method and apparatus
may be used for this purpose, so as to secure a continuous cigarette rod and cigarette
with the filler uniformly compressed. and properly filling the wrapper tube. The
longitudinally-tapering cigarette, however, will, as will be readily understood,
preferably be made either by first making the wrapper tube and then filling it
from the larger end, or by winding a wrapper strip of cigarette length about the
filler, but any suitable method and apparatus may be used. This elliptical
tapering: form also may be used without the paper wrapper, and such a cigarette is
within the invention.
Various other forms of seams may be used with the cigarettes embodying, the
invention, but those shown are sufficient to illustrate the. invention,. and. will
suggest to those skilled in the art many modifications.
It will be understood that. the term "elliptical" used herein is not intended to
limit the invention to a cigarette rod of exactly elliptical form in cross section, but
is intended to cover any modifications of form so long as it is substantially
elliptical.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
from abroad, 1 declare that what 1 claim is:
1. An elliptical cigarette having a wrapper with a seam on one or both edges,
substantially as. described.
2. An elliptical cigarette having a wrapper with a pasteless seam on one or both
edges, substantially as described.
3. An elliptical cigarette having a wrapper with a pasteless seam, substantially
as described.
4. A continuous elliptical cigarette rod having a wrapper with a seam on one or
both edges, substantially as described.
5. A continuous elliptical cigarette rod, having a wrapper with a pasteless seam,
substantially as described.
6. A continuous elliptical cigarette rod having a wrapper with a pasteless seam
on one or both edges, substantially as described.
7. An elliptical, longitudinally tapering cigarette, substantially, as described.
8. An elliptical, longitudinally tapering cigarette having a paper wrapper
secured by a pasteless seam, substantially as described.
9. An elliptical, longitudinally tapering cigarette, having a paper wrapper with
a seam on the edge of the cigarette, substantially as described.
Dated this 9th day of October 1896.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant..