Improvements in Machines for Manufacturing Horse Shoe Nails.
Year: 1886

page_text: Improvements in Machines for Manufacturing Horse Shoe Nails.
I; OLIVER IMRAY of N° 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane in the
County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The present invention has reference to the construction and arrangement of a
machine, into which Nail blanks" or pieces of iron or steel partly formed into
nails as will be hereinafter more particularly described are introduced. These are
first elongated by a rolling process, then pressed and bevelled, next clipped to form
the point of the nail and lastly bevel finished, after which they are discharged by
the machine being then finished in their configuration.
The particular features which form the invention in the said machine will be
hereinafter fully set forth described and claimed.
In the drawings hereunto annexed similar letters of reference and numerals
indicate like parts and :-
Fig. 1 is a plan of the entire machine embodying this invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan of the entire machine in which certain modifications of various
parts are shewn.
Fig. 3 is a right side elevation of the machine.
Fig. 4 is an elevation of the front end of the machine.
Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the arm e³, having curved extension with head e
bearing against the shaft b.
Fig. 6 is a front elevation of the arm e³, having the stud et, and curved
extension eº.
J
Fig. 7 is a front view of the mechanism for controlling the delivery of the nail
blanks to the rolls, with the finger c withdrawn from the conductor e, to permit of
the passage of a nail blank.
Fig. 8 is a partial front view of the mechanism for controlling the delivery of
the nail blanks to the rolls, with the finger e' thrust in to prevent the passage of a
nail blank.
Fig. 9 is an enlarged horizontal section on line xx Fiœ 7.

page_text: Fig. 10 is a side elevation of the left side of the nail blank conductor enlarged.
Fig. 11 is a front elevation of the body block f of the large roll F.
Fig. 12 is a side elevation of the body block f of the large roll F.
Fig. 13 is a section on line x, Fig. 11.
°
Fig. 14 is a side elevation of one of the die blocks f4, of the large roll.
Fig. 15 is a front elevation of one of the die blocks f of the large roll.
Fig. 16 is an end elevation of one of the die blocks f4 of the large roll.
Fig. 17 is a central section of the cover plate f' of the large roll.
Fig. 18 is an elevation of the back or left side of the cover plate f
Fig. 19 is a front elevation enlarged for one of the die blocks fof the large roll.
Fig. 20 is an end elevation of the die block f shewn in Fig. 19.
Fig. 21 is a central section of the large roll F, shewing end of shaft b in
connection therewith.
Fig. 22 is an elevation of the large roll F situated on end of shaft b.
Fig. 23 is a front elevation of small roll G on the end of shaft b₁ shewn in
connection therewith.
Fig. 24 is a vertical section on line x Fig. 23.
Fig. 25 is an enlarged. vertical section of large roll F taken at x,x Fig. 22.
Figs. 26 and 27 are front and side elevations of the previously prepared nail
blanks which are delivered to the machine.
Figs. 28 and 29, are front and side elevations of the nail blanks after they have
been acted upon by the rolls.
Fig. 30 is a sectional view illustrating the action of the mechanism for dis-
engaging the nail blanks from the rolls.
Fig. 31 is a front elevation of the auxiliary plate 28 and block h¹, situated in
approximate proper relation therewith.
Fig. 32 is a plan of the auxiliary plate 8.
Figs. 33 and 34 are respectively back and front elevations of the block h¹³.
Figs. 35 and 36 are respectively side and back elevations of the disengaging
bar .
Figs. 37 and 38 are respectively side and back elevations of the plate I.
Fig. 39 is a front elevation partly in section of the large and small rolls F
and G; the conductors for delivering the blanks to the said rolls, and from the said
rolls to the forwarding mechanism, also shewing the mechanism for disengaging the
nail blanks from the rolls.
Figs. 40 and 41 are respectively side and back elevations of the spring door i³.
Fig. 42 is a section on line x; Fig. 41 and shewing in elevation the back of the
spring door: 23.
Fig. 43 is a horizontal section on the line x. Fig. 40:
Fig. 44 is an elevation of the forked stud ;.
Fig. 45 is a horizontal section on line x, Fig. 37 of the plate I and section: of
spring door on line a, Fig. 40, the plate i and spring door ³, being placed
in proper relation to one another.
Fig. 46, is a view illustrating the action of the mechanism for disengaging the
nail blanks from the small roll.
Fig. 47 is a view illustrating the action of the mechanism for disengaging the
nail blanks from. the large roll..
Figs. 48 and 49, are views of the parts forming the recesses into which the
disengaged nail blanks are delivered..
Fig. 50 is a front view of the block H.
Fig. 51 is a plan of the block. H..
Fig. 52 is a front elevation of the block H, with the projection. ¹, in section
taken on line x Fig. 51.
Fig. 53, is a side elevation of the pivotted block .
Fig. 54 is a view of the underside of the pivotted block
Fig. 55 is a view of the top side of the pivotted block he
Fig. 56, is a plan of the; under. side of the projection h¹..
°
shewn in Fig. 53.
shewn in Fig. 53.

page_text: Fig. 57 is a side elevation of the plate k detached.
Fig. 58, is a plan of the base plate J, of the forwarding mechanism.
Fig. 59 is a plan of the base ring K, of the forwarding mechanism.
Fig. 60 is a section on line x, Fig. 59.
Fig. 61 is an enlarged sectional view of a part of the base ring K, with stud k¹
and parts connected therewith in position.
.
Fig. 62 is a sectional view of the base ring shewing the recess in which the
studs, and parts connected therewith are located.
Fig. 63 is an elevation of the screw plug k detached.
Fig. 64 is an elevation of the stud 2 detached.
Fig. 65 is a plan of the forwarding ring L.
Fig. 66 is a plan of part of the forwarding ring, with one of the independent
blocks in position.
Fig. 67 is a cross section of the forwarding ring on line, Fig. 65.
Fig. 68, is a cross section of the forwarding ring on line x, Fig. 65 shewing also
in connection there with a section of base ring K on line y, Fig. 59 shewing also in
section the guide plate N and in elevation one of the guide retaining clamps N'.
Fig. 69, is an elevation of a portion of the forwarding ring shewn in Fig. 65.
Fig. 70, is a front elevation of a portion of the forwarding ring L, and base
ring K with independent blocks in place there with and shewing the mechanism for
operating the independent blocks.
Fig. 71, is a plan of the parts shewn in Fig. 70.
Fig. 72 is a front elevation of a portion of the forwarding mechanism and base
ring K
Fig. 73 is a side elevation of one of the independent blocks 1.
Fig. 74 is a front elevation of one of the independent blocks 1.
Fig. 75 is a modification of the base ring K shewn in Fig. 59.
Fig. 76 is a modification of the forwarding ring L shewn in Fig. 65.
Fig. 77 is a plan of the lower portion of the forwarding ring L, connected to the.
forwarding ring, shewn in Fig. 65 or to the modification shewn in Fig. 76.
Fig. 78 is a front elevation of a portion of the modification of the forwarding
ring L, with both the upper and lower portion shewn in Figs. 76 and 77, in their
proper relative positions with regard to each other.
Fig. 79, is a section on line x. Fig. 76.
Fig. 80 is a section on line x, Fig. 76, and section on line x, Fig. 75, that is to
say, with the forwarding ring L, and base ring K, placed together in their proper
relative positions with regard to each other.
Fig. 81, is a plan of a portion of the modification of forwarding ring L, shewn in
Fig. 76, with a modified independent block, placed in relation therewith.
Fig. 82 is a front elevation of a portion of modification of forwarding mechanism
shewn in Fig. 76 with a modified independent block placed in relation therewith.
Fig. 83 is a side elevation of one of the modified independent blocks.
Fig. 84 is a front elevation of one of the modified independent blocks.
Fig. 85 is a plan of the cover plate M, of the forwarding mechanism.
Fig. 86 is a vertical central section of the main parts of the forwarding
mechanism united together in their proper positions being a section taken on
line x, Fig. 92.
Fig. 87, is a plan of the guide plates N.
Fig. 88 is a side elevation of the mechanism by means of which the forwarding
ring is actuated..
Fig. 89, is a partial plan of the mechanism shewn in Fig. 88, shewing the pawl
bar o as it engages with the lower ring of the forwarding mechanism.
Figs. 90 and 91, are details of nail discharging mechanism.
Fig. 92, is a plan of the complete forwarding mechanism.
Fig. 93, is a back elevation of the mechanism shewn in Fig. 92.
Figs. 94 and 95, are plans of that part of the forwarding mechanism illustrating
the operation of the independent blocks and presser lever by which the independent

page_text: blocks are alternately drawn back to form the recess to receive the head and lower
portion of the nail blanks as they descend after having been elongated by the rolls,
the section of the plates and ¹ shewn in Fig. 94, is taken on line x, Fig. 96.
Fig. 96 is a front elevation of the mechanism shewn in Fig. 94, but with the
presser lever shewn in dotted lines instead of solid lines, for the purpose of shewing
the parts behind it more clearly.
Fig. 97 is a plan of the complete forwarding mechanism modified.
Fig. 98, is a plan of a portion of the flange m², guide plate N, and plates 1º
and of the modified forwarding mechanism.
Fig. 99, is a back elevation of the mechanism shown in Fig. 97.
Fig. 100, is a plan of the push bar, detached from its position in Fig. 99.
Fig. 101, is a side view of a presser bar k', with the adjacent parts in section.
Fig. 102, is a side view of a presser bar 7 detached.
Fig. 103, is a plan of a portion of the mechanism shown in Fig. 104.
Fig. 104, is a back elevation of a portion of the modified forwarding mechanism.
Fig. 105, is an elevation of the back end of the machine.
Fig. 106, is an elevation of the cam shaft b³.
Figs. 107, 108, 109 and 110, are details shewing the relative positions of the
eccentric portions and cams of the shaft b³.
•
Fig. 111, is a plan of a portion of the bed plate A, and the standards a³, a³, a¹º,
the cover plate p, being removed.
Fig. 112, is a front elevation of the standards a³, a, a10, with cover plate p, and
blocks p¹, in place, a part of the bed plate A, shown in section on line x, Fig. 111.
Fig. 113, is a side elevation of the swage block slide, with swages and connecting
frame connecting the slide with the eccentric portion 65 of the shaft b³.
Fig. 113, is a plan of the swage block p³, and tongue placed in
therewith.
relation
Fig. 113b, is a central vertical section of the swage blocks 2 and p³, with tongue
placed in relation therewith.
Fig. 114, is a front elevation of the swage block slide shewn in Fig. 113, with
swages & in place.
Fig. 115, is a plan of the parts shown in Fig. 113.
Figs. 116, 117, 118 and 119, are various views of the mechanism for adjusting
the length of the connecting frame.
Figs. 120 and 121, are vertical and horizontal central sections of the part p16,
with spring p, in place therewith.
Fig. 122 is a front elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 112 modified.
Fig. 123, is a part plan of the parts shewn in Fig. 111, modified.
а
Figs. 124 and 125, illustrate certain modifications of the swage blocks shown in
Figs. 113 and 114.
Figs. 126 and 127, illustrate the action of the swage blocks.
Fig. 128, illustrates the effect of the swage blocks upon the nail blanks.
Fig. 129, is a side elevation of the cutter block r, in which are secured the
cutters for cutting the point of the nail blank, with parts for connecting the said
slide with the eccentric portion 6º, of the shaft b³.
Fig. 130, is a view of the front end of the parts shown in Fig. 129, showing also
the standards aº, and a10, in connection therewith.
Fig.. 131, is a longitudinal sectional elevational view of the parts shown in
Fig. 129, taken on line x, Fig. 132.
Fig. 132, is a part sectional and part elevational view on line x, Fig. 129.
Figs. 133 and 134 are side and front elevations of the parts 3.
Fig. 135, is a plan of the parts shown in Figs. 129, 130, 131 and 132.
Fig. 136, is a front élevation of the mechanism for actuating the plate S.
Fig. 137, is a vertical longitudinal section on line x, Fig. 136.
Figs. 138, 139, 140 and 141 are details of construction of the mechanism, shown
in Fig. 136 and 137.

page_text: the plate, placed in relation vi
actuating the plate S.
Fig. 143, is a side elevation of the third modification of the cutters and plate S,
showing cushion mechanism in relation therewith.
Fig. 144, is a plan of the top side of the parts shewn in Fig. 143.
Fig. 145, is a plan of the bottom side of the parts shewn in fig. 143, but with
plate S, removed.
Fig. 146, is a central vertical section of the plate y, with one of the cutters, and
the plate S, placed in relation therewith.
Fig. 147, is a plan of the upper edge of the plate S.
Fig. 148, is a side elevation of the plate y.
Fig. 149; is a front elevation of the plate y.
Fig. 150, is an inner side elevation of one of the cutters r¹.
Fig. 151, is a horizontal section of a pair of cutters placed together taken on
line x, Fig. 150, showing in plan, the lower part of the cutters 7+1.
Fig. 152, is a transverse vertical section taken about the line x, Fig. 143 or 146,
of a pair of cutters moved apart and a section of the plate S, placed in proper
relation with one of them.
Fig. 153, is an end elevation of a pair of cutters, as shown in Fig. 143.
Fig. 154, is an elevation of the inner side of one of the cutters of the fourth
modification with the plate S and wedge yo, placed in proper relation in front of it.
Fig. 155, is a side elevation of a pair of cutters of the fourth modification; with
plate S, placed between them.
Fig. 156, is a plan of the top side of the cutters as shown in Fig. 155, and
wedge yo, placed in proper relation therewith.
Fig. 157, is a plan of the under side of the cutters shewn in Fig. 155, with
wedge yo, removed.
Fig. 158, is a plan of the top side of the plate S.
Fig. 159, is a plan of the bottom side of the plate S.
Fig. 160, is a side elevation of one of the cutters of the fourth modification.
Fig. 161, is a plan of the upper side of a pair of cutters of the fourth modifi-
cation and wedge y°, moved apart.
Fig. 162, is a cross section on line x, Fig. 161.
Fig. 163, is a back end elevation of the cutters shown in Fig. 156.
Fig. 164, is a front elevation of the cutters shewn in Fig. 156.
°
Figs. 165 and 166, are respectively front and side elevations of the wedge y°.
Figs. 167 and 168, are respectively a plan and sectional elevation showing the
mechanism for discharging finished nails from the machine.
Fig. 169, is a side elevation of a first modification of cutters and bearing block.
Fig. 170, is a front view of the cutters shown in Fig. 169.
Fig. 171, is a plan of the cutters and block shewn in Fig. 169.
Fig. 172, is a side elevation of a second modification of the cutters, and
block y
Fig. 173, is a central vertical section of the block y, showing one of the cutters
and plate S, in relation therewith.
Fig. 174, is an elevation of the front side of the block y.
Fig. 175, is a front elevation of the block x.
Fig. 176, is a plan of the bottom side of a pair of cutters of the second modifi-
cation.
Fig. 177, is a side elevation of one of the cutters of the second modification.
Fig. 178, is a plan of the block y, and part of a pair of cutters r¹.
Fig. 179, is a part sectional and part elevational view of the mechanism for
discharging the clippings cut from the points of the nail blanks.
Fig. 180, is a plan of the mechanism for discharging the clippings.
Fig. 181, is a front elevation of the mechanism shown in Fig. 179.
Fig. 182, is a part section and part elevation on line xx, Fig. 180.

page_text: Fig. 183, is a side elevation of a part of the block, with modified cutters 71.
Fig. 184, is a front view of the parts shown in Fig. 183.
Fig. 185, is a vertical central section on line x, Fig. 184.
Fig. 186, is a vertical section of the tumbler st.
Fig. 187, is a plan of the under side of the tumbler st.
Fig. 188, is a side view of the tumbler 84, and adjacent parts in position.
Fig. 189, is a horizontal section on line x, Fig. 183.
Fig. 190, is a sectional view illustrating the operation of the block r, and
cutters, in the operation of clipping a nail blank.
Fig. 191, is a side elevation showing the position of the parts after the nail
blank is clipped and the cutters have reached the end of their stroke beyond the
nail blank in a forward direction.
Fig. 192, is an elevational view of the parts shewn in Figs. 190 and 191 shewing
the position of the parts, after the cutters have began their return stroke in a
rearward direction.
Fig. 193, illustrates the piece clipped from the nail blank.
Figs. 194, 195 and 196 are respectively a side elevation, plan and section of the
fixed cutter upon which the nail blanks are clipped, the said section being taken on
line x Fig. 192.
Fig. 197, is a side elevation of the rest and slide upon which the bevel, finishing
block is attached.
Fig. 198, is a front elevation of the slide and bevel finishing block shown in
Fig. 197.
Fig. 199, is a central section of the rest and slide only, shown in Fig. 197, taken
at about the position of line x Fig. 198.
Figs. 200 and 201, are respectively, side and edge views of the wedge bar of the
nail point swaging mechanism.
Fig. 202, is an end sectional view of the support of the rear end of the wedge
bar with the wedge bar and cover in place.
Fig. 203, is a plan of the rest of the nail point swaging mechanism.
Fig. 204, is an end elevation of the rest shown in Fig. 203.
Fig. 205, is a plan of the slide of the nail point swaging mechanism.
Fig. 206, is a rear end view of the slide shown in Fig. 205..
Fig. 207, is a view showing in section the nail point swaging blocks and parts
adjacent thereto.
Figs. 208 to 211, inclusively illustrate the result produced by the nail point
swaging blocks.
Fig. 212, is a plan of the projection y³, of the base plate showing cover of
opening and the recess in which the fixed cutter of the nail point clipping
mechanism is secured, and showing the end of the slide carrying the nail point 4
cutters in relation therewith.
Fig. 213, is a part elevational and part sectional view of the parts shown in
Fig. 212, the sectional part being taken on line x, x, Fig. 212.
Fig. 214, is a horizontal section taken at about the level of line x, Fig. 215.
Fig. 215, is a vertical section taken on line x, Fig. 214.
4
Figs. 216 to 229, inclusive are details of minor parts for securing the fixed
cutter T, in place in groove j³.
Fig. 230, is a plan of the lubricating mechanisın.
Fig. 231, is a side elevation of the lubricating mechanism.
Fig. 232, is a horizontal section on line x, Fig. 231.
Fig. 233, is a vertical section taken on line x, Fig. 230.
Before proceeding with the description of the mechanism and its parts, it may
be well for convenience and clearness of understanding to establish definitions of
certain terms or phrases used in this specification the following terms are used in
reference to the machine.
The end of the machine at which the operator stands to insert the nail blanks
into the conductor is called the front end; the opposite end thereto the, rear or
5

page_text: back end; the side at the right, when facing the front end of the machine, the
right side; and the opposite side thereto, the left side; therefore in speaking of
any part or submechanism, as to which side is shewn or upon which side such a
feature is formed or exists, it is to be understood as referring to the above definition
of Front, Back, Right and Left.
The following terms are used with reference to the nails.
A nail blank is a small bar of metal of such quality and kind as it is desired to
make the nails of, having an enlargement at one end this enlargement is worked
by the ordinary mechanisin to the exact size and configuration required to form
the finished head of the nail, and this enlargement is called the head; the end
opposite thereto is called the point; the portion of the nail or nail blank lying
between the head and the point is called the body; the distance through the body
of the nail, the shortest way, is called the " thickness" the distance through the
body the longest way is the width; the distance from head to point inclusive of
both is called the length.
The body in a nail blank is shorter thicker and narrower than that of the
finished nail.
The following terms are used in reference to the location of certain parts of the
forwarding mechanism.
"
are
The point at which the nail blanks are received from the rolls is considered the
" and "further
"nearer
"initial" point of the mechanism and the words "
employed to distinguish differences of location in relation to that point.
The mechanism embodying the invention is of the following kind.
The frame work for supporting the operating parts A, Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4,
represents the main supporting bed or base plate constructed of any proper
material and suitable size, which bed is itself supported on legs as shewn.
a, a², represent standards located at the front end of the machine, being made
integral with the bed A, which standards are provided with proper bearings for
supporting the shafts b, b¹, hereinafter described.
The standards a, a, also furnish a support to the mechanism for controlling the
delivery of the nail blanks to the rolls, and the mechanism for disengaging the
blauks from the rolls to the forwarding mechanism.
a², a³, and a, Figs. 1, 2 and 105, represent fixed brackets situated at the rear of
the bed plate; a³ are caps, which with the brackets form proper bearings for the
cam shaft b³.
a, figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 105 represents a long standard located on the left side of
the machine, this is provided with proper bearings for supporting the shafts B, b²,
as shown.
a, Figs. 1, 2 and 4, represents a bent arm raised from the lower portion of the
standard aº, provided with a proper bearing for supporting one end of the main
shaft B, as shown.
a, a, a¹o, Figs. 3, 111, 112, 122 and 123, represent standards employed in con-
nection with the cutting and swaging mechanisms: these are situated under the
plate p, Figs. 1 and 2, and to them this plate is attached as hereinafter described.
a, Figs. 1, 2 and 4, represents a raised portion of the bed plate, which overhangs
a portion of the forwarding mechanism as shown, these parts should be constructed
of suitable material and have such rigidity as to properly support the moving parts
of the machine.
The shafting B, Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 represents the main shaft supported by
bearings in the standard a and bracket arm a', this shaft is provided on its outer
end with a pulley adapted to receive motion from the source of power.
b, Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4, represents a shaft supported by bearings in the standards
a, a', which shaft is provided at its right hand end, with a reducing roll F, at its
left hand end with a large gear wheel c, and near its left end, on the right side of
the standard a, with a gear wheel c².
:

page_text: :
י!
6 represents a shaft supported by bearings in the standards a, a', which shaft is
provided at its right end with the reducing roll G, and near its left end with a
pinion c²
....
:
62, Figs. 1, 2 and 3, represents a shaft supported by bearings in the standard a
upon which is located the intermediate gear wheel c³.
63, Figs. 1, 2, 3, 105 and 106 represents a shaft supported by bearings in the
brackets a, a, a, having the cap blocks a³, which shaft is provided on its right end,
with a fly wheel, b', between the brackets a² and a³, an eccentric portion 65 between
the brackets a³ and a*, with an eccentric portion 66, and the cams 67 and 68, see also
Figs. 107 to 110, and on the left side of the bracket a with a gear wheel c*, and
the clutches c³ and c6, see Figs. 1 and 2.
The Gear Wheels C, represents a small gear wheel upon the main shaft B; and c,
a large wheel on the left end of the shaft b, the wheels engaging with each other as
shown.
.
c², Figs. 1, 2 and 4 represents a gear wheel on the shaft b, on the right side of
the standard a, and adjacent thereto; and c² a pinion upon the shaft b³ engaging
therewith the pinion c³ is so proportioned to the wheel c¹ as to make exactly four
'complete revolutions to each single revolution of the wheel.
c, Figs. 1, 2 and 3, represents a large intermediate wheel upon the shaft 62, which
engages with the small gear where C, upon the main shaft and also with a small
gear wheel c' upon the shaft b³.
The movement of the main shaft is communicated by means of the gear wheels
C, c, c, c², to the shafts b, b, of the reducing rolls F and G, and by means of the
gear wheels c³, c, to the cam shaft 63, the arrows indicating the direction of the
*movement.
The Cams D, Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5 and 7 represents a wheel or hub upon the shaft b¹,
having a rim or flange d, provided with a cam d¹, adapted to actuate the mechanism
for controlling the delivery of the nail blanks to the rolls as hereinafter described.
The eccentric portion 65, see Figs. 106 and 107, serves to actuate the mechanism
for swaging the nail blanks as shewn in Figs. 113, 126 and 127.
The eccentric portion 6º (Figs. 106 and 108) of the can shaft 63 serves to actuate
the mechanism for cutting the nail blanks.
The cam 67 (Figs. 106 and 109) actuates the mechanism for swaging the point
of the nail.
The cam 68, Figs. 1, 2, 105 and 106 actuates the mechanism which gives the
proper intermittent movement to the forwarding mechanisın. These eccentric
_portions and cams are so timed, in the manner well understood, that the
independent movements of the various mechanisms occur in harmony with each
other, the swaging and cutting mechanisms both acting during that period of time,
in which the forwarding mechanism remains stationary, although not precisely
acting at the same instant.
The Nail Blank Controlling mechanism or mechanism by which the nail blank's
are controlled in their delivery to the rolling mechanism is as follows:-
E, Fig. 4, represents a tray into which the nail blanks, previously formed by any
proper means, are deposited in mass.
·
e Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 7 represents a conductor, consisting of a bar or block
suitably supported upon the standard a¹, which bar is provided with a rectangular
opening or groove extending through the same, the opening being of sufficient
size to permit the passage of a nail blank see Fig. 8.
el, Figs. 1, 2, 7 and .9 represents a narrow slit opening into the groove e.
The upper end of the conductor extends upwards through the tray in a
convenient position (see Fig. 4) to receive the blanks from the hand of the operator
and the lower end extends down to the rolls into proper position to discharge the
enail blanks in between the rolls, as shewn in Figs. 3 and 39.
•
Figs. 1, 2, 4' to 8 represents a rod supported upon the standards a, a¹, in
such a manner as to be capable of free movement in a longitudinal direction.

page_text: e³, Figs. 4, 5, and 7 represents an arm depending from the rod e³, which is
secured thereto by a set screw as shewn.
e, Figs. 4, 6 and 7 represents a stud projecting from the arm e³, as shown which
stud when the arm e³ is properly adjusted upon the rod e², it is held in the vertical
plan in which the cam d¹ moves as shown in Fig. 4.
e, Figs. 5 and 6 represents a curved extention of the arm e³, which is provided
with a head e, having a face adapted to bear between the shafts b¹ and b².
e; Figs. 1, 2, 4, 7 and 8 represents a finger upon the right end of the rod e³, which
finger when the rod is in the position shown in Figs. 4 and 8 extends into the
rectangular groove in the conductor e, and closes the groove against the passage of
a nail blank.
es, Figs. 4 and 7 represents a spring located near the end of the rod e³, one end of
which rests against the bearing of the rod e² and the other against the hub of the
arm e³.
The operation of these parts is substantially as follows:-
The previously prepared nail blank formed substantially as shewn in Figs. 26
and 27, which have been deposited in the tray are taken one at a time and fed
head downwards into the open end of the conductor e, as shewn in Fig. 4, if the
rod e² is in its normal position as shown in Fig. 4, when the nail blank is placed in
the conductor the blank will be stopped by the finger e', and be held thereby until
at the proper time in the revolution of the shaft 6₁ the cam d¹ strikes the stud e¹,
and moves the rod e², and withdraws the finger e. The nail blank then being
unsupported falls through the conductor to the rolls as shewn in Fig. 39.
The rod e² is caused to move longitudinally on its bearings against the action of
the spring es when the stud et is struck by the cam d¹, because held from revolution
by the contact of the bearing face of the head e with the shaft b as shown in Fig. 5,
if the rod e² is not in its normal position but has its finger e7 withdrawn from the
groove of the conductor as shown in Fig. 7 when the nail blank is placed therein,
it will fall directly to the rolls.
The finger e, it will be understood is withdrawn from the groove for the
conductor to open the passage on in each revolution of the shaft b' by the action of
the cam d', and then is instantly thrust in again to close the passage when released
by the cam ', by the reaction of the spring e8. By means of the described con-
struction not more than one nail blank can be delivered to the rolls at each
revolution of the shaft b; if however from any cause, two or more nail blanks
should become jamined in the conductor they may be loosened by inserting a hook
or other proper instrument through the narrow slit e'.
The rolls for elongating the nail blanks are constructed as follows:-
The large roll: F, Figs. 1, 2, 3, 21, 22, 25 and 30, represents the large roll; this
consists of a number of separate parts united to form a single structure. f, Figs. 11
and 25, represents the main body portion of the roll consisting of a metal block
having a circular outline cut by four rectangular recesses as shewn.
f1, Figs. 12, 22, 25 and 30 represents a groove of varying depth formed in the
periphery of the uncut portions of the block as shown.
f, Figs. 11, 12, 13, 21 aud 22 represents a round plate or disc, secured to one of
the side faces of the block which is provided upon its under face with a bearing
flange or face f³.
f, Figs. 14, 15, 16, 19 and 20 represent die blocks having rectangular bearing
faces adapted to fit the recesses of the block f; curved faces to form in connection
with the uncut portions of the block f, the outer bearing surface of the roll and
curved recesses on each side adapted to receive the bearing flange ƒ³ of the
disc f, and the corresponding flange fs of the cover plate f", see Figs. 17, 18
and 21.
f, Figs. 19 to 22, represents recesses in the curved face of the die blocks two in
each, arranged in reversed order, that is, the parts adapted to receive the head,
Jocated at opposite ends of the block. Each individual recess has an enlarged
portion. adapted in connection with the correspondingly enlarged portion in the

page_text: adjacent end of the groove f. Figs. 12 and 22 to receive the head of the nail
blank, or to receive so much of it as is intended that this roll shall receive and
retain the same until by the revolution of the roll it is brought into contact with
the disengaging mechanism hereinafter referred to. The head of the blank being
of the proper form and size is not subjected to pressure in its passage between
the rolls.
Each individual recess has also a portion extending from the enlarged head
portion towards the point end which is adapted in width to permit the expansion
of the metal of the blanks under the rolling action to the shape and dimensions
required for the finished nail and in depth, to cause a reduction of the thickness,
to the dimension required and a consequent elongation of the blank beyond the
amount required for the finished nail, the excess being provided to secure a perfect
nail when the blank is cut; for a certain portion of the length, of this recess say
from about 1 to 2 (Fig. 25) the head of the nail blank is held without being subject
to pressure for a further portion say from 2 to 3 the body of the blank by the
decrease in the depth of the recess, is generally reduced in thickness; for a further
portion say from 3 to 4 the body of the blank by the uniformity in the depth of
the recess, is reduced to a uniform thickness; and for a further portion say from
4 to 5 the surplus at the point end of the blank, by the increase in the depth of
the recess unnecessary elongation is avoided.
fo, Figs. 19 and 20 represents a small auxiliary recess formed in the large recess
at the large end of the same as shewn.
f', Figs. 17, 18, 21 and 22 represents a round.cover plate or disc provided with
a bearing face ƒ8, as shewn.
The die blocks f, it will be observed exceed in width the body block f.and an
intermediate space being left between the inner face of the block, and inner face
of the cover plate f7, when the parts are united as shewn in Fig. 21.
65, Fig. 21 represents a shoulder upon the shalt b, by means of which a solid
bearing is furnished for one side of the roll: be represents a nut upon the threaded
portion at the end of the shaft by means of which the independent parts are firmly
bound together to form a single structure.
The blocks are strongly beld by the clamping action of the plates f³, f7, the
bearing faces f³, f³, of which engage only with the recesses of the die blocks the die
blocks exceeding the body block in width as before stated.
The roll is held from revolving upon the shaft my means of a key or feather in
a manner well understood.
When the parts of the rall are in place as shewn in figs. 21, 22 and 25, it will
be observed that one of the two recesses upon each of the die blocks coincides
with the groove f¹ upon the body block f, the connecting series of grooves and
recesses thus forming a continuous channel about the roll as shown in Fig. 25.
The recesses in the groove f¹, Fig. 25 coinciding in depth at one end with the
recess at the point end of the die in contact with it and at the other end with the
recess of the head end of the die in contact with it by which means a continuous
bearing surface is formed for..the disengaging finger 15, hereinafter referred to,
although the depth of the continuous channel is not uniform.
The construction and arrangement of the small roll G, is shown principally in
figs. 23, 24 and 30; it is located on the right end of the shaft b', as before stated
and consists of a plain cylinder having a recess g, adapted to receive such portion
of the heads of the nail blanks as may be desired.
This roll bears such relation to the roll F, in size and arrangement of gearing as
to revolve four times during one revolution of the large roll; its single recess
coinciding at each revolution with the head portion of the recess of one of the four
die blocks f in the large roll.
The operation of parts above mentioned is substantially as follows:-
The nail blank Figs. 26 and 27 having been permitted to descend to the bottom
of the conductor e, Fig. 39 by the mechanism before described for controlling the
delivery of the blanks to the rolls and the head of the same having been caught or

page_text: taken by the single recess in the roll G.and the corresponding portion of the recess
in one of the die blocks f of the large roll F, the blank is drawn in through
between the rolls as shown in Fig. 30.
The head of the blank being of the proper form and size passes through the rolls
without change, but the body of the same is reduced in thickness and extended in
width and length as shown; the roller blank being the required dimension in the
direction of its thickness and width but an excess in that of its length.
This excess of metal is provided to ensure sufficient amount to form a perfect
nail, is removed at the proper time in the operation of the machine by the cutting
mechanism hereinafter described. This excess of metal, owing to the increase in
depth in that portion of the recess of the die which acts upon it is not subjected to
.severe pressure.
The mechanism for disengaging the reduced nail blanks from the rolls, and
delivering them to the forwarding mechanism is as follows-
The mechanism employed in connection with the large roll F consists of-
H, Figs. 39, 47, 50 to 57 represents a block of L shaped configuration secured in
position upon the standard a¹, below the large roll F, (see Fig. 3) which block is
provided with projections or auxiliary blocks h, h¹, projecting from the face of the
block H, at corners diagonally opposite to each other, see Figs. 50, 52.
h2, Figs. 50, and 52, represents a straight sided recess in the frout edge of the
upper block h, which recess is adapted to receive a flange hs, Fig. 53, of a louse
pivoted block ho, hereinafter referred to.
h³, Figs. 52 and 56 represents a circular recess extending up into the block from
the lower side, which recess is adapted to hold the upper end of the spring 10,
Fig. 47 hereinafter referred to.
h, and 5, Figs. 47 and 52 represent set bolts located in the lower block h, as
shown.
, Figs. 53, 54 and 55 represents a loose or pivoted block of steplike form which
is pivoted at its front end on the lower side by a recess 7, adapted to receive the
point of the set bolt h³, as shown Fig. 47. .
hs, Figs. 53 and 55 represent the Hange before referred to, which is adapted to
extend into the straight sided recess h² of the block h, see figs. 50 and 52.
ho, Figs. 47, 53 and 55 represents a circular recess in the block ho, which is adapted
to hold the lower end of the spring 10, as shown.
h, Figs. 47 and 57, represents a plate which when in place as shewn in Figs. 53
and 54, forms the rear wall of a diagonal recess in the block he, the front edge of
the plate being provided with a series of serrations as shown to engage with
corresponding serrations, or saw teeth, on, the back edge of the saw blade h¹.
h, Figs. 31, 32 to 34 represents a block, the upper end of which is provided
with a curved face adapted to bear against the periphery of the roll F; also
with a bevelled edge adapted to guide the head of the nail blank as it is
disengaged from the rolls as hereinafter described; the lower end of this block is
provided with a recess adapted to rest upon the bolt h, and with an extention 18
as shown Figs. 47 and 48.
The body of the block is also provided with a diagonal recess extending partly
through the same, to receive. guide and hold the biade h¹.
Figs. 39 and 47, represents a blade or bar provided on its back edge with
serrations or teeth for nearly the whole of its length, and at its upper end with a
curved finger h¹, as shown Figs. 25, 30, 39 and 47.
When the blade is in its proper position see Fig. 47 its serrations, or teeth
engage with the serrations or teeth of the plate in the diagonal slot of the
block hº.
By means of the recess 7 in the block 6, the latter is adapted to turn upon the
point of the bolt has a pivot-By means of the set bolt h³, the block itself may be
adjusted in a vertical direction.
By means of the recess h² in the block h¹, the flange h on the block the latter

page_text: is held from lateral movements without interfering with its freedom to vibrate upon
-the point of the bolt h³.
'
By means of the spring 10, the rear end of the block he is forced away from the
fixed block h¹, and hence the blade which bears upon the edge 1. (Fig. 47) of the
block he, as a fulcrum; thus the finger 15 of the blade 14 is caused to bear upon
the roll F with an elastic pressure, and being arranged to travel in the recesses or
grooves f¹, f, is enabled to accommodate its point to rest upon the unequal
periphery as shewn in Fig. 25.
By means of the serrations or teeth upon the plate 11, and those upon the
blade, the blade may be adjusted to the extent of one or more of the teeth to
approximate the position of the blade required, and further accuracy of adjustment
will be obtained by screwing up or down the bolt h³.
The operation of the parts employed in connection with the large roll to dis-
engage the head of the nail blank is substantially as follows.
The blade 4, having been adjusted in the pivoted block hº, Fig. 47 in such a
manner that its finger h¹ will extend into the continuous reçess as above mentioned
of the roll F, as shown, the latter by the action of the spring 10 will bear upon
the surface of the recess with an elastic pressure. At the proper time when in the
revolution of the roll F, the finger 15 will enter the auxiliary recess f° (Figs. 19
and 20) behind the head of the nail blank, and disengage the same from the roll,
the head having been previously disengaged from the small roll G, as will be
hereinafter described.
The mechanism employed in connection with the small roll G is as follows.-
I, Figs. 37, 38 and 39 represents a plate secured to the outside of the vertical
standard a' by means of a set screw i extending through a slot as shown.
, Fig. 39 represents a set screw extending into the slot from the end of the
plate as shewn.
2, Figs. 37, 38 and 39, represents a projection upon the face of the plate I, near
its upper edge, which is provided with a pintle adapted to receive the upper end of
the hinged portion of the spring door i³.
, Figs. 39, 40, 41, 42 and 43, represents a stud or rod held in a chamber in the
plate I the upper end of which is provided with a fork, as shown in Fig. 44, and
the lower end with a notch as shewn.
represents a coiled spring, one end of which is attached to the hinged portion
of the door in any proper manner, and the other to the fork of the stud 4, as shown
in Figs. 39 and 42.
i, Fig. 39 represents a set screw by means of which the stud, when properly
adjusted, may be rigidly secured in place.
27, Figs. 40, 41 and 42 represents a set screw in the door ³, as shown.
28, Figs. 31, 32 and 39 represents an auxiliary plate located on the standard a',
above the plate I.
2, Figs. 31 and 32 represent a removable face plate secured to the plate i³ in
such manner as to leave a space 10 between the two as shown Fig. 32.
, Figs. 35, 36 and 39 represents a bar having at its extreme upper end a
finger and at its lower end a fork or slot i¹³.
This bar when in position as shown in Fig. 39 lies with its upper end in the
space 210, Fig. 32 and its finger ¹³, bears against the surface of the small roll G
and with its lower portion in the space io, Fig. 45, between the outer face of the
plate I, and the inner face of the door 13.
4, Figs. 37, 38 and 39 represents a stud or pin, projecting from the plate I
through the slot 13, as shewn and beyond it.
21, Fig. 39 represents a set screw by means of which the bar i¹¹, is supported
and its vertical position adjusted.
16, Figs. 39 and 46 represents a coiled spring held in a suitable recess in the
plate I, which spring bears against the lower end of the bar ill upon its front side
'as shown,

page_text: By means of the screw i, Fig. 39, the plate I may be adjusted to the desired
position, and by means of the set screw i, be securely fastened when adjusted.
By removing the face plate iº, and opening the door ³, the bar may be taken
out when desired.
By loosening the set screw 26, and turning the stud *, the tension of the spring is
of the door 3 may be increased or diminished at will.
By means of the set screw 27 in the door, its position when closed is accurately
adjusted.
The operation of the parts employed in connection with the small roll G to
disengage the head of the nail blank, is substantially as follows-
The bar i, Figs. 39 and 40 having been properly adjusted in a vertical
direction is held upon the fulcrum stud by the action of the spring 16, in
such a manner that its finger will bear upon the surface of the roll G, with an
elastic pressure.
At the proper time in the revolution of the roll, the finger ¹ is caused to enter.
the recess g, of the small roll & disengage that portion of the head which lies
therein, as shewn in Fig. 46.
The mechanism for conducting the disengaged nail blanks from the rolls to the
forwarding mechanism is as follows.―
The rear side of the bar above described forms the front wall of the conductor
space 10, Figs. 31, 32, 45 and 48, the same extending from the rolls to a point below,
the bearing face k² of the base ring K, upon which the heads of the conducted nail
blanks rest as shown in Fig. 48.
The front side of the block h¹2, Figs. 33, 34, 39, 47 and 48, forms the rear wall
of the conductor space 210, the said block extending from the roll to the upper edge
of the peripheral flange m² of the cover plate M, which flange forms the fixed wall
which supports and guides the inner side of the nail blank, in its movement, as
shown in Fig. 48.
The auxiliary plate 8, Figs. 31, 32 & 39, located on the vertical standard a¹, above
the plate I, a portion of the outer surface of this plate which extends rearward of
the bar i, forms the upper portion of the inner wall of the conductor.
The plate I before referred to, located on the standard a¹, below the plate is, a
portion of the outer surface of this plate passing out beyond the dotted line X,
Fig. 37 forms the lower portion of the inner wall of the conductor as shewn in
Fig. 45.
i
The removable face plate 2º, shewn in Fig. 31 before referred to located on the
auxiliary plate i, a portion of the inner side of this plate forms the upper portion
of the outer wall of the conductor..
The door before referred to located on the plate I furnishes by a portion of its
inner side the lower portion of the outer wall of the conductor space down to just
above the upper edges of the plates 16, 111, of the forwarding mechanism, the edges
of the plates 16, 111, forming the sides of the receiving recesses of the forwarding
mechanism.
With regard to the door ³, it will be observed that in Figs. 40 and 42 a dotted
line is shown, this represents that a portion of the door may be removed, as see
also the dotted lines upon the conductor space Fig. 39, from this it is desired that
it should be understood that the door may either be made as shown by solid lines
in Figs. 40 and 42 or as indicated by the outer dotted lines, the purpose of which
will be hereinafter described.
The receiving recess proper of the forwarding mechanism, consists first of the
bearing face of the fixed base ring K, Figs. 48 and 49, upon which the heads of
the nail blanks rest as they are moved thereon; second, of the flange m² of the
cover plate which forms a fixed continuous wall, adapted to support and guide the
Dail blanks as they move upon the fixed base ring; third, of a portion of the bar i¹¹,
which sustains one side of the nail blank as it rests upon the fixed base ring before
being moved by the forwarding mechanism; and fourth, of one of the plates 1ª of

page_text: the forwarding ring and one of the plates 1, the two being separate and actuated
by a spring hereinafter referred to, the two said plates being so arranged that at
the time the nail blank falls down from the rolls through the conductor space, the
two plates 6, 71, stand at a sufficient distance apart to receive the nail blank
between them.
The bearing walls of the plates 16 and take the place of the right and left
walls of the conductor which terminate just above them, as before stated.
The rear surface of the bar i coincides with the inner surface of the guide
plate N, the end of which is adjacent thereto, as shewn in Fig. 94, the guide
plate N, takes the place of the bar when the nail blank is moved away from'
the bar by the action of the plate 8 of the forwarding ring.
The nail blanks when delivered to the recesses of the forwarding ring, are carried'
along by the action of the plates 1 of the forwarding ring, their heads resting on
the bearing 2 of the base ring, and their sides being supported by the flange m²
and the guide plate N as will be hereinafter more fully described.
The general operation of the disengaging and conducting mechanism is sub-
stantially as follows.-
A nail blank being elongated by the rolls, and coming head first through them,
the head is first disengaged from the recess in the small roll G, by the finger 12 of
the bar, provided the head of the nail blank should incline to stick in this recess,
but should it incline to stick in the head portion of the recess f³ of the large roll,
the head of the nail blank is removed from the recess by the finger 15 of the
blade h¹, see Figs. 25, 30, 46 and 47.
When thus disengaged the nail blank is guided by the bevelled edge at the top
of the block 12, see Fig. 47, into the main portion of the conductor, and is partly
straightened by the joint action of the rolls and the finger h¹ and the bar i¹¹.
The disengaged nail blank as soon as it has passed through the rolls falls by
gravity head downwards through the conductor, to the receiving recess of the
forwarding mechanism as shewn in Figs. 48 and 49, the said recess being then open
and the forwarding mechanism stationary ready to receive the head and a portion
of the body of the nail blank adjacent thereto.
The nail blank having been received in the recess is carried by the action of the
forwarding ring shown in Figs. 65 or 78, out from beneath the line of the conductor
to permit the descent of another blank into the next following recess of the
forwarding mechanism.
The spring door ³, if not cut away as indicated by the solid lines in Figs. 40
and 42, but left the full size as indicated by the dotted lines in the same Figures,
is caused to open by the contact with it of the portion of the nail blank projecting
above the receiving recess the door opening a sufficient amount to permit the
passage of the nail blank, the door closing immediately afterwards by the action
of the spring is, to form again the outer wall of the conductor.
If the door is cut away as indicated by the solid lines in figs. 40 and 42, the
amount of said cutting away being that portion of the door lying between the
solid and dotted lines in those figures, such amount cut away will be sufficient for
at least the upper portion of the nail blank to pass, without opening the door, for
it will be borne in mind, that as shewn in Fig. 27, the head is much thicker than
the body of the nail blank, and the height of the part cut away from the door 2³,
as shewn in Figs. 40 and 42, will be sufficient to clear the body of ordinary nail
blanks, thus the door in the majority of cases will not be opened by the nail blank
in its travel out from the conductor space, but in case of any irregularity in the
manufacture of the nail blanks fed to the machine in the first place whereby
occasionally one should be after passing through the rolls, of greater length than
what can pass without opening the door, then the door will open to allow it (the
nail blank) to pass; again should a nail blank in passing through the rolls into
the conductor space be bent or crooked in such a manner as not to clear the door,
in such case the door will open to allow it to pass.

page_text: The mechanism. for forwarding. the nail blanks disengaged successively from the.
rolls to the several mechanisms for acting upon them and forming them into
complete or perfect nails is as follows-
J. Figs. 58 and 86; represents what may be called for convenience the base plate
of the forwarding mechanism, the same consisting of a circular plate which in
connection with the other parts.employed therewith. is located on the bed plate A,.
nearer the front end of the machine under the plate M, shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
j, Figs. 58 and 86, represents a central opening adapted to receive the bolt .j¹,
Figs. 1 and 2, which bolt in combination with. the bolts j6, hereinafter referred to;
serve to unite the base plate J,.rigidly to the bed plate A, of the machine..
2, Fig. 58, represents a slot cut through the base plate J, upon one side; which
slot corresponds with a similar opening cut in the bed plate A.
3. Figs. 58 and 86 represents a peripheral flange the periphery of which lies in
contact with the inner edge or surface of the fixed base ring K, bereinafter referred
to, which ring rests upon the main bed plate A, and surrounds the base plate J, as
shewn in Fig. 86.
The periphery of the flange j³ also serves for a guiding surface for the inner
surface or edge of the forwarding ring L, hereinafter referred to, which ring rests
upon the base ring K, and surrounds the base plate J, as shewn in Fig. 86.
, Figs. 1, 2, 3, 58, 86, 92, 93, 97, 99, 212, 213 and 214 represents a block of the
configuration clearly shewn, formed integral with the base plate J, and situated to
one side of it projecting over beyond the periphery of the same as shewn; this is
provided on, its outer side with a curved face, concentric with the circular formed
base plate J.
j represents a large opening within the block j, extending through the same, and
the base plate J, and bed plate A, below the base plate in a vertical direction.
are holes vertically situated passing through the block j, base plate J, and
corresponding holes formed in the bed plate A, for the bolts jo, hereinbefore. referred
to, to pass through and assist in holding the base plate J, rigidly in position upon
the bed plate A.
37, Fig. 58, represents a recess formed in the block 14, in the position shewn which
recess extends through the overhanging portion of the block from top to botton.
The section of the base plate J, and block j, shown in Fig. 86, is taken at or
about the line x, Fig. 58. .
78, Figs. 58, 92, 97, 99, 113, 114 and 115 represents a recess formed in the block, jª,
as shewn, which recess extends partly through the same, from the top to. the
bottom, and eutirely through the same from the outer face to the opening j³, as
shewn.
represents a shallow recess extending along the top of the block, at the further
corner of the same, as shewn..
As before stated this base plate J, is rigidly secured to the bed plate A, and the
outer surface of its flange j³, Fig. 86, furnishes an abuttment for the inner surface
of the fixed base ring K, and a bearing surface for the inner surface of the
revolving ring L, the bearing surface of the flange serving to guide the forwarding
ring as it is revolved upon the fixed base ring, by the actuating mechanism herein-
after described.
The block, upon the plate J, serves as a base of support for the fixed portions
of the mechanism for swaging the nail blanks, cutting off the excess of the same
and swaging the point, as will be hereinafter described.
It now becomes necessary to call attention to the fact, that the drawings show
a considerable number of modifications, with regard to many of the remaining
portions by the forwarding mechanism and it is thought that the clearest and best
way will be to proceed straight on with the description of the, construction and
operation of the forwarding mechanism & immediately afterwards describe the
various modifications.
The base ring K, Figs. 59 and 86 has been to some extent described as to its
position and relation with the base plate J, this base ring is fixed in position and

page_text: may be rigidly secured to the fixed base plate J, after the forwarding ring L, has
been put in place, which will be hereinafter described.
kc, Figs. 59 and 75, represents a peripheral rim, having at its upper edge an inner
broad bearing face c¹, and an outer narrow bearing face k³, which outer bearing face
is raised above the inner, as shown in Fig. 68.
3, Figs. 59, 75, 93 and 99 represents a horizontal opening formed in the rim k,
upon one side of the ring as shewn,
2, Figs. 61, 64, 75 and 97 is a rectangular head of a stud; these studs are three
in number, located in the narrow bearing face k², as shown.
es, Figs. 61 and 64 represents a shank made in one with the head ¹ of the
stud as shown.
kare end projections of larger size than the head k¹, as shown.
:
18, Figs. 61 and 62 represents an opening extending through the base ring K,
which opening is provided below with a threaded portion adapted to receive the
threaded plug 16, Fig. 63 and at the top with a contracted opening fitted to receive.
the head ¹² of the stud, thus forming shoulders a40, to agree with the projection k
and prevent the upper surface of the head 12 from projecting above the surface of
the bearing k².
1, Fig. 61, represents a spring enclosing the shank 13, the lower end of the
spring rests upon the upper end of the screw plug 16, and the upper end of the
spring bears against the projections 14, as shown.
By means of this construction the heads ka of the studs form independent
bearing surfaces, flush with the bearing surface ², adapted to yield when pressure
is brought to bear upon them as and for the purposes which will be hereinafter
described.
The forwarding ring is constructed as follows:-
L, Figs. 65, 67, 68, 69 and 86 represents the forwarding ring consisting of a lower
portion, Figs. 69, 77 and 79, and an upper portion U, Figs. 69, 76, 79, and 80 (the
two taken together being called the forwarding ring L) the two being either
formed in one piece or secured together as indicated by the section lining
Figs. 67 & 68.
12, Fig. 67 represents a bearing face upon the lower portion l, which bearing face
is adapted to rest and revolve upon the upper face of the base ring K, as shown in
Figs. 68 and 86.
23, Figs. 67, 68 and 69 represents the the inner surface of the ring Ɩ, and l¹, which
surface bears against the outer periphery of the flange j³ of the base plate J.
Fig. 86, this flauge serves to guide the ring properly in its revolution.
, Fig. 77, represents one of a series of teeth extending about the lower portion 1,
of the ring L, as shown.
11, Fig. 65 represents the upper portion before referred to, consisting of a plate 4
resting upon and secured to the lower portion 1, and is provided with a peripheral
.series of arms 15, projecting from the body of the ring in the same plane a short
distance as shewn in Figs. 65 and 76, and then upwards at right angles, as shewn
in Figs. 67 and 79, to form vertical plates 1º.
The arms, on the upper portion 1, and teeth, on the lower portion , are equal 4
in number, as shewn in Figs. 65 and 76.
17, Figs. 67 and 79, represents a recess formed in the outer angle of the arm 15,
which recess is adapted to receive the narrow bearing face 2 of the base ring K,
see Figs. 68 and 80.
18 represents a space formed by cutting away a portion of the metal on the left 5
hand side of each plate at the base of the same, as shewn in Figs. 72 and 96.
1º, Figs. 66, 72, 73 and 74, represents one of a series of independent blocks, having
a horizontal portion 10, a circular opening in one end of the same, as indicated by
dotted lines at 10, in Figs. 94 and 96, adapted to hold a spring 14, as shown by the
above mentioned Figures, which spring and a vertical plate portion 7¹¹. will be 5
hereinafter referred to.

page_text: 12, Figs. 73 and 74 represents a recess formed in the outer angle of each plate,
which recess like the recess, is adapted to receive the narrow bearing surface k²
of the base ring K.
13 represents a space formed by cutting away a portion of the metal on the
right side of the plate at the base of the same as shewn in Figs. 72, 74 and 96.
The horizontal portions 10 of the blocks rest upon the broad bearing face k¹ of
the fixed base ring between the horizontal portion of the arms 15, as shown in
Figs. 66, 94 and 95, and is carried round with the arms in their revolving
movement.
114 represents the spring before referred to, one end of which is held in the
circular opening 10, and presses against the bottom of this opening, and the other
end of the spring bears against the horizontal portion of the adjacent arm 1º, as
shewn.
The vertical portions of the blocks are thicker than the corresponding
portions of the arms 15, as shewn in Figs. 66, 94 and 95, for the purposes
hereinafter explained.
The forwarding ring L, rests upon the base ring K, as shown in Figs. 80 and 86
and revolves about the flange j³ of the base plate J, as shown in Fig. 86 an
intermittent movement being communicated by means of a mechanism hereinafter
described, acting on the teeth through the horizontal opening ³ (see Figs. 89
and 93) in the base ring K.
The vertical plates 18 of the arms 1 of the ring L, and the
independent blocks 1º, revolve upon the narrow bearing k², see
and.96.
plates 7 of the
Figs. 62, 72, 86
:
The blocks of the plates 11 (which two taken together form the independent
block called ) are caused to revolve with the plates 6 by the contact of the arm 15
with the springs 14 of the blocks, the tendency of the springs being to keep the
plates in contact (or more properly speaking as near as it can be shown in
Fig. 66) with the plates 10, proceeding them in the direction of revolution as
indicated by the arrow in Fig. 65, by means of this action a wide space is left as
shown behind the blocks when the parts are in their normal positions as shewn
in Figs. 66 and 72.
Each space 18 and 18 is adapted to afford proper room for the head of the nail
blank when the independent plate is caused to approach the relatively fixed
plate for the purpose of clamping the nail blank as shown in Fig. 96, at the
left side.
The cover plate M, Figs. 1, 85, 86 and 92 is constructed as follows-
The cover plate M, is circular in form except on one side where a space is
formed (see Fig. 85) for the projection of the base plate J.
m, Figs. 85 and 86, represents a central opening adapted to receive the central
securing bolt, (Fig. 1) which opening is closed when the parts are in place by the
bolt and a bearing collar.
m1, Fig. 85, represents a slot opening formed in the cover plate M, corresponding
with the slot 2 of the base plate.
m², Figs. 85 and 86 represents a peripheral flange the outer surface of which
forms a fixed wall for supporting and guiding the inner side of the nail blanks, as
they are carried around upon the bearing face * of the 'base ring K, by the contact
with it of one of each of the plates 16 and 1.
m³, Figs. 85, 90, 91 and 92 represents a finger secured to the cover plate M,
adjacent to the block 4, at the further end of the same, its edge forms a bearing at
an acute angle with the periphery of the plate M, the outer end being turned down
as shewn.
The plate M, serves to protect the inner parts and furnish a supporting and
guiding wall on one side of the nail blanks as above mentioned.
It also serves to support the finger m³ of the discharging mechanism above
mentioned and hereinafter again referred to.

page_text: 7
The guide plate is constructed as follows:
N, Figs. 1, 3, 87 and 93, represents a semi circular plate extending partly about
the forwarding ring L, and plates 16 and 1¹¹, as shewn in Fig. 92, the plate N, being
secured in place by brackets N₁ formed on the outer periphery of the base ring K,
the inner surface of the plate N, forms a fixed wall for supporting the outer side of
the nail blanks as they are carried around upon the bearing face ² of the fixed
base ring K. The nearer end of the plate N, comes in close proximity to the side
of the bar, forming the front side of the receiving recess as before described and
it extends about the ring nearly as far as the anvil block Q, hereinafter. described;
therefore it will be seen that by the plate N in front and the flange m²; fixed walls
are formed for the guidance of the nail blanks in their movement upon the bearing
surface of the base ring K, while held between the plates 16 and 11.
N, Figs. 59, 60, 92 and 93 is a supplementary plate in extension of the plate,
extending from the plate N, to the end of the projection j', it is reduced in height
at No to give room for the swage block p to pass over it (see Figs. 126, 127) and
is again slightly reduced at No to give room for the cutters 1, hereinafter referred
to, to pass over it in a similar manner. It is provided with an inward projecting
rim N, (Fig. 60) leaving only so much space between the rim and the projection *
as the nail blanks T¹, see Fig. 60, can freely slide through as they are moved along
by the forwarding mechanism, see Fig. 92. By this means the nail blanks are
kept close up against the projection j¹ during their passage around the back of the
said projection.
The mechanism for actuating the forwarding mechanism is constructed as
follows:-
bs, Figs. 1, 106 and 110 represents a cam upon the shaft b³, before referred to;
and, Figs. 1, 3, 88, 89 and 105 represents a lever pivoted at its lower end to a
cross bar, below the base plate as shown in Fig. 105.
o, Figs. 88 and 89 represents a bar hinged at its lower end to the lever at a
point opposite the pawl bar 03, hereinafter referred to, and o¹ guide plates by
means of which the bar o, is held from lateral movement without interference with
its freedom to turn upon its hinge.
.0 is a set screw screwed into the lever o, and projecting on its rear side.
0³ represents a pawl bar, the rear end of which is united to the lever by means
of a universal joint as shown the front end of which is adapted to extend through
'the horizontal opening ³, Figs. 75 and 93, of the base ring K, and engage with
the teeth, of the lower portion l, of the forwarding ring L.
o represents a spring, by means of which the front end of the pawl bar is kept
constantly engaged with the teeth 14.
o represents a spring by means of which the rearward motion of the pawl bar
is effected, after the cam has given the lever its forward movement and revolved
away from it.
By the bearing bar o, and set screw o², is obtained the necessary adjustment of
the amount of movement imparted to the pawl bar 3 by the cam ba to the exact
distance required to actuate the forwarding ring properly, at each impulse of
the bar.
At the proper time in the revolution of the cam shaft b³, the cam 68 is caused by
means of the bearing bar o, of the lever O, to actuate the pawl bar o³, and move
the forwarding ring the distance of one tooth 4.
As the cam in its continued revolution, revolves away from the bearing bar o,
the pawl bar o³ is returned to its normal position by the reaction of the spring 05.
The continued revolution of the cam 68 gives through the mechanism described
an intermittent revolving movement to the forwarding ring as. long as the
mechanism is in operation.
The forwarding ring may be revolved, by hand when desired by simply
revolving the cam shaft into the proper position to avoid interference between the
cam 6 and bearing bar o, and then moving the lever O, by hand in the manner
well understood.

page_text: The general operation of the forwarding mechanism is substantially as follows:-
When the cam shaft b³ is in operation its cam 68, at the proper time at each
revolution of the shaft is caused by means of the lever O, to give a forward
movement to the pawl bar o³, the front end of the pawl bar o³, by the action of the
spring o, being held in contact with the teeth of the part l, of the forwarding
ring L, as shewn in Fig. 89 this ring at each forward movement of the bar is also
moved the distance of one tooth.
The teeth are equal in number to the plates 16, as before stated and the length
of the movement thus imparted to the ring at each impulse of the bar is such
that one of the plates 16, and also one of the plates 11 separate therefrom, by a
mechanism for that purpose, hereinafter described, is brought into position to form
one of the receiving recesses Figs. 48 and 49, into which the nail blanks disengaged
from the rolls, descend as has been before described.
The intermittent movement of the ring is so timed relatively to the action of
the rolls F and G, that at each rest interval in the movement of the ring a nail
blank is delivered from the rolls into the receiving recess.
On the left hand side of the bar is situated, see Fig. 94, the mechanism by
which the independent blocks 19 are operated in combination with the springs 114
and the revolving action of the forwarding ring L.
217 represents a plate attached by screws, 18, to the base ring K, see Figs. 70, 72,
94, 95 and 96, and it extends up to a height equal (or a little above) to that of the
base ring K, and plates 18, 111.
10 represents projections on the plate ", through which a pivot pin 120 passes.
21 represents a presser lever pivoted by the pivot pin 20 to the projections ¿19,
it is provided with a broad end 22, having a back face adapted to bear upon the
outer surface of the plates "1.
123 represents a spring situated partly in a small recess formed in the lever 21,
and partly in a corresponding recess formed in the plate 17, and pressing between
the two.
By the action of the springs 14, with the arrangement of parts shown in Figs. 70,
71, 94, 95 and 96 the edge of each of the plates having the cut away portion
or space ¹³, are kept close or adjacent to the edge of each of the plates having
the cut away portion or space 8, when however one of the plates is by the
revolution of the forwarding ring L, brought behind the plate 22, (see Fig. 94) the
friction of the plate 2 upon the plate 1 overcomes the force of the spring 114, and
causes the block to be drawn back to the position shown at the left side of Figs. 94
and 96, thus forming a suitable recess for the reception of the head and adjacent
portion of the body of the nail blank in a manner so clearly delineated that no
further explanation is required in this respect.
It will be observed that the front edges of the plates are chamfered off so that
there is not any danger of their interlocking with the inner edge of the plate 23,
which is also chamfered off. The position of the parts being as shewn and the
intermittent action being arranged to stop just as one of the arms and plates 1
has brought one of the independent blocks and plates to the position shewn
at N2, in which position a wide open space is formed between the plates and 1º,
just when the edge of the plate has come about fair with the edge of the bar i¹¹.
This position having been arrived at just as the intermittent motion of the
forwarding ring L stops, the parts remain stationary until a nail blank has dropped
down from the rolls into the space N³.
When the forwarding ring L, makes its next motion the plate 211, that was under
the plate 2, passes forward and comes behind the guide plate N, and being carried
beyond the action of the plate 22, the spring / causes the plate " to press forward
and between its edge and that of the next preceding plate to grip the nail blank
and this it continues to do, until after the same has been presented to the various
mechanisms for swaging and clipping it, and finally discharged from the machine.
This is done by the continued revolving of the forwarding ring L.
As the nail blanks are brought step by step (being guided between the flange m²

page_text: .of the cover plate M, and guide plate N,) the head of the nail blank rests upon the
bearing face, until each in its turn reaches the end of the guide plate N, and
passes between a supplementary plate N' and the projection j* of the base plate J,
as before described.
Before proceeding further with the description of the nail blank swaging
mechanism the modifications of the forwarding mechanism will be described, which
modifications are delineated by Figs. 2, 75, to 84 and 97 to. 104, inclusively.
., Figs. 175, 79, 97 and 99 represents a projecting portion on one side of the base
ring K, which is provided with a series of vertical recesses arranged at proper
distances apart as shown in Fig. 75 and a series of horizontal recesses in line with
each other as shewn in Fig. 99.
ko, Figs. 99 and 100 represents a pivot bar secured in the horizontal recesses by
means of the pins ko.
7, Figs. 97 and 99, represents what may be termed for convenience presser. bars
each consisting of a metallic bar having a base portion 8, (Fig. 101) a curved
central portion k³, and an inclined top portion with bearing face 10, by means of
-the curved central portion each bar is secured in one of the vertical recesses of the
projection by means of the pivot bar 5, as shown.
represents a spring located in a proper recess in the body of the base ring K,
behind the foot of the bar, see Fig. 101, the tendency of which is to press outward
the lower end of the bar and inward the upper end of the bar.
These presser bars it will be observed are located in position opposite to the
curved face of the block. In this modification the stud¹², and parts relating
thereto as thereinbefore described are used and as their construction and arrange-
.ment is exactly the same their description need not be again repeated.
The forwarding ring L, in this case is provided with plates 1º, of the same width
as its arms. The spaces 18 formed by cutting away a portion of the metal are-
formed on the right side of each plate 1, at the base of the same as shewn in
Figs. 82 and 103.
The independent blocks in this modification have the cutting away to form
the spaces 13 on the left side of the plates
The springs 4, one end of which is received in an opening in the horizontal
portion of the block (Fig. 94) and the other end of which bears against the
horizontal portion of the adjacent arm, thereby causing the plate of the
independent block to close upon a nail blank placed before the front edge of
the said plate, and behind the rear edge of the plate 16, as soon as the plate [11
has travelled beyond the action of the friction plate or surface 222.
The vertical plate portion of the blocks are thicker than the corresponding
portions of the arms 15, and this thicker portion is bevilled on its right side as
shewn in Figs. 81 and 83, for the purposes hereinafter explained.
By the above described arrangement of the parts as shewn in Figs. 81 and 82,
the spring has the opposite effect to that shewn in Figs. 66, 72, 94, 95, and 96, for
instead of causing the edges which grip the nail shown more particularly in
Fig. 96, to close together and thereby grip the nail blank, the spring 14 has the
opposite effect and keeps the edges at their full extent apart until each in turn
(the blocks (9) reach the end of the guide plate N, and the first presser bar k³ of
the series shewn at the right end of Fig. 10+.
By the contact then of the plates 711 with the presser bar, the plate advances far
enough to clamp a nail blank, when the nail blank is once clamped it is held
clamped by the frictional contact of the successive presser bars with the plate l¹¹,
until all the mechanisms for acting on the nail blank are passed and the complete
nail is ready to be discharged from the machine.
As the springs in this case by their action hold the plates 1 and 11 at their
full distance apart throughout the entire circle of the nail forwarding mechanisın,
except throughout that portion of it where the presser bars are situated, they
therefore stand open ready to receive the nail blanks as each pair of plates pass

page_text: under the nail conductor which guides the nail blanks as they descend from the
rolls F, and G.
These two modifications of arrangement of the forwarding mechanism, as they
both produce the same result in substantially the same general manner are con-
sidered equivalents although the action of some of the parts in the one case is
exactly opposite to that in the other.
The mechanism for swaging the nail blanks, is as follows:-
a, a, a, Figs. 111 and 112 represent the standards before referred to, located on.
the bed plate A, near the rear end of the machine, which standards-serve to guide
the swage blocks in their movements as will be more fully described hereinafter.
P, Figs. 111 and 112 represent a bed plate resting upon the main bed plate A,
between the standards as and a', which bed plate P, is provided with a V shaped
grove as shown.
p, Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 112 represents a horizontal plate cover, covering the
standards as, a, 10, which is provided with two bars or blocks p¹, each having a
V shaped projection as shown.
p2, Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 112 represent vertical set screws located in the plato p,
above the blocks p¹, and adapted to bear upon the top of the same, and p³, are
horizontal set screws adapted to bear upon one of the sides of each block p¹,
as shewn.
P, Figs. 113, 114 and 115 represents a swage block slide provided on its lower
edge with a V-shaped projection see Fig. 114 adapted to agree with the V shaped
groove of the bed plate P, and its upper edge with a V shaped grove adapted to
engage with the V shaped projection of one of the blocks p¹.
p, Figs. 113, 114, 124, 125, 126 and 127 represents the lower swage consisting,
of a plate of proper form and size having at its front end a bearing face adapted in
connection with the main portion of the anvil block Q to straighten the nail blank
presented in front of it by the forwarding mechanism if improperly bent, and to
give the bend or curve desired.
2, Figs. 1, 2, 3, 113, 114, 124, 125, 126 and 127, represents the upper-swage
block, consisting of a block of proper form and size having on its front end inclined
bearing faces which are adapted in connection with the upper portion of the anvil
block Q, to form upon the point end of the nail blank, the requisite bevelled
surface for the point of the nail.
p', Figs. 113 and 124, represents a set screw located at the rear end of the
swage p, as shewn.
The swages and pⓇ are located in proper recesses in the front end of the swage
block as shewn.
28 is a plate (Figs. 113; 114) having a projection p³ secured to one side of the
which projection when secured in place is adapted to bear upon the side of
the swages and clamp the same.
same,
p10 represents two slots located one at each end of the plate p³, which slots are
open at one end; and p" are securing screws passing through the slots and screwed
into the body of the swage block in the position shewn.
p represents a connecting frame having arms p13 pivoted at their front end to
the sides of the swage block in a recessed portion of the same, the arms p, p,
enclosing the parts p1, p16, of the bearing which surround the eccentric portion b³ of
the cam shaft 63, Fig. 106, as shown.
p17 represents a cross plate connecting the rear ends of the arms p¹.
p16 are nuts upon the threaded ends of the arms by means of which the cross
plate and other parts are properly secured in place.
p1, Figs. 120 and 121 represent a spring interposed between the front surface of
the cross plate p, and the rear surface of the rear part pl of the bearing which
spring consists of a rectangular plate which is bent from the centre to the sides and
ends to form an arched surface as shown.
The adjacent face of the part ple of the bearing, it will be observed is constructed
also with an arched configuration.

page_text: 120 represents an inclined bearing face formed on the rear wall of the central
portion of the frame p¹³, between the arms p14, as shown.
p2, Fig. 117, represents a cylindrical block formed upon the front wall of the
part pls of the bearing, upon one side of the same as shewn, which is provided with
a threaded stud p" projecting from its inner end, as shown.
23 represents a collar upon the stud as shown.
p2, Figs. 116, 118 and 119, represents a block having an inclined bearing face
corresponding with the inclined bearing face p20 upon the frame p12, which block is
provided at one end with a central opening adapted to permit the passage of the
stud p, as shown.
.
25
22 represents a nut upon the stud p²².
:
If desired the frame p¹³ may be made in two parts instead of one, the individual
parts being strongly secured together.
The operation of the parts is substantially as follows:-
The set screw p² and blocks p¹ may be adjusted vertically to engage properly
with the recess of the swage block slide which moves thereon.
By means of the set screws p³, the blocks p¹ may be securely held in any position
in which they may have been adjusted.
'By means of the set screws p7 in the upper swage 2, the said swage may be
adjusted to bear or be indented into the nail blank as shewn by Fig. 127.
The lower swage 25 may be adjusted in a forward direction by inserting a
supplementary plate behind it.
By means of the open side slots p10, by simply loosening the screws p", the
plate p³ may be moved backwards and taken out without removing the screws 11,
the plate p being removed the swages may be adjusted or taken out, the upper
swage being first removed and afterwards the lower one.
By means of the special form given to the spring p10, that is that of an arch, both
longitudinally and transversely it is adapted to exert a greater pressure than it
would do if curved only in one direction.
By means of a similarly curved bearing upon the part p16, a proper base is
afforded for the spring p19, in order that it may not be fractured or distorted under
excessive pressure.
By means of the adjusting mechanism inclined bearing surface p20, cylindrical
block p21, stud 222, collar p3, block p24, and nut 22, upon the connecting frame p¹2
the length of the connection may be varied at will the adjustment being performed
by screwing the collar p23 in or out upon the stud p22, the latteral position of the
block p is determined and its inclined surface engaging with the inclined
surface p20 of the frame p¹ increases or diminishes, as the case may be, the length
of. the connection between the bearing of the shaft and the swage block slide p
By means of the construction described, the swage block slide pis united to the
eccentric portion 65 of the cam shaft 63 by a connection which is sufficiently elastic
to avoid breakage, when exposed to undue strains, and which may be readily
adjusted to the desired length.
As above described the swages p and p are arranged as shown in Figs. 124, 125,
126 and 127 and their effect upon the nail blank is clearly illustrated by Figs. 126,
127 & 128, and this mechanism may be said to be complete when used in con-
bination with the anvil block Q, but inasmuch as it is sometimes found that the
swages p³ and p³, after they have pressed the nail blank, they manifest occasionally
an inclination to draw the nail blank from its position as shewn in Fig. 127 slightly
away from the anvil block Q; therefore a tongue piece may be employed if desired
to overcome any difficulty that might arise on this account.
The tongue piece and the manner of arranging it with the swages p' and p is
delineated in Figs. 113, 113, 114 and 115.
I
A groove p2 is cut in the upper surface of the swage p³, in which a tongue p² is
placed filling the front part of the groove, the rear part of the groove being enlarged
in a downward direction gives room for a portion of the tongue to be bent down-

page_text: wards in a corresponding manner; on this bent portion of the tongue a spiral
spring ps is placed, and so arranged with the rear downward bent end of the
tongue, that pressing against the bend in the tongue at the one end and against the
block p at the other, it causes the head of the tongue 229, which is made broad and
of the configuration shown in Fig. 113 to protude beyond the swages p³ and p", as
shewn in Fig. 113b when the swages by their forward stroke are brought to bear
upon the nail blank, the spring p28 yields and the head p29 slides in between the
front ends of the swages p³ and p6, until its front edge is flush or fair with the front
surface of the swage p³, that is to say in the position shown in Fig. 113, therefore
after the swagès have acted upon the nail blank and began their return stroke, the
force of the spring p2s, acting through the medium of the tongue p", prevents any
tendency to any temporary sticking or adhesion of the nail blank to the surface of
the swages ps and po.
Q, before referred to represents the anvil block, located in the recess 7, Fig. 58,
and shown in position in Figs. 1, 2, 92, 93, 97 and 99 which block is provided with
a bearing surface adapted to properly hold one side of the nail blank while the
other. is being acted upon by the swages p³ and p°.
The general operation of the swaging mechanism is substantially as follows:-
The elongated nail blank which has been disengaged from the rolls and delivered'
into the receiving recesses of the forwarding mechanism, is carried thereby until it
is brought in front of the anvil block Q, and being held there stationary by the
intermittent motion, during the period of time that elapses between one inter-
mittent motion of the forwarding mechanism and the other; the eccentric portion bo
of the cam shaft 63 is timed to operate the swages p³ and pº, and properly swage
and shape the nail blank; the lower swage serves to straighten the nail blank, if
improperly bent and give it the proper curve and bend; the upper swage serves to
form the proper bevelled surface for the point of the nail blank.
The upper swage acts first to form the bevel, and the lower swage after to
straighten the nail blank.
The necessary provision for the expansion of the metal under the swaging action
is furnished by the spring stud 12; Figs. 61, 116 and 117 in the base ring K, upon
which the head of the nail blank rests as shown.
It has been before stated that there are three spring studs k¹², and that they are
all alike in their construction; one of these as just above stated is placed in the
bearing face k² in front of the anvil block Q, another one is similarly situated
behind the bar i¹¹.
..
The object of this stud is to overcome the difficulty which is sometimes
experienced, by the rebound or bouncing of the nail blanks as they fall down from
the rolls F, and G, upon the bearing surface ³, if the stud k¹² is not provided in
this position.
The position of the third stud 12 and its use will be hereinafter described.
After the swaging action has been performed the elongated blank is carried
forward to the cutters.
:
The form given to the nail blank when acted upon by the swages, is shown in
Figs. 127 and 128.
The mechanism for cutting the blanks to form the nails will now be described.
a' and a¹o, Figs. 111 and 112 represent the standards before referred to, located
on the base plate A; near the rear end of the machine, which standards 'serve to
guide the cutter block r. Figs. 129 and 130.
R; Figs. 111 and 112 represents a bed plate resting upon the bed plate A, between
the standards a and a¹0, which plate is provided with a V shaped groove adapted'
to engage with a corresponding projection upon the lower edge of the cutter block r,
Fig. 130, as shown.
p1, Fig. 112 represents a block before referred to which is provided with a
V shaped projection, adapted to engage with a V shaped recess upon the upper
edge of the cutter block 7, Fig. 130, as shown.
J

page_text: r, Figs. 129, 130, 131, 132 and 135, represents this, cutter block held in the.
ways described, in such manner as to be capable of free movement in a longitudinal,
direction.
r, r, Fig. 129, 130, 131 and 132, represent the cutters, held in a proper recess at
the front end. of the. cutter block, by a removable securing plate r, Figs. 129
and 130 like the plate p³, Figs. 113 and 114, before described.
73, 23, Figs. 129 and 130, represent the cutting edges of the cutters ¹ of such
shape as to cut in connection with the fixed cutter T, Fig. 195, the nail blank,
to the proper form; as shown in Fig. 208.
S, Fig. 131, 132, 190, 191, and 192, represents an, independent plate hereinafter.
referred to, which is held between the cutters 71, 21, as shown.
r represents a surface formed at the rear end of the recess, in front of which is..
placed as shown in Figs. 129, 131, and 132, a cushion mechanism X X, the detail
and construction of which is as follows.-
In the upper part of the block x, see Figs. 136 and 137, a screwed opening is,
found, in which is inserted a set screw x6, the face of which is made fair and.
parallel with the back of the block, and is provided with a groove for a screw-
driver or similar instrument, by which the set screw x may be screwed in or out
of the block, and thus adjust the position of the cutters 71, r, in the amount that it
is required, that their outer ends should project beyond the cutter block r.
In the lower part of the block a spring head is formed, for the decreased end of.
the independent plate S, to press against as shown in Fig. 142.
The following description of the block and its parts is more particularly
illustrated by Figs. 131, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 142 and 143.
represents a recess formed in the lower. part of the body of the block ³,
having a decreased opening 8 on the front side, whereby a shoulder is formed;
within the recess.
In the back of the block a dovetailed recess is formed across it as indicated by
the dotted lines in Fig. 136, and to this recess is fitted a dovetailed plate 10, having
an opening of about equal size to the opening 28 in front and forming a shoulder
at the back of the recess corresponding with the shoulder x in front.
Within the recess x is situated a thimble made in two parts 12 and 13, The
front part is provided with a flange x1, and through the parts 12 and 13 an
opening is formed which is screwed, and in this opening is inserted a close fitting
screw x15
Within the part 12 is formed a recess in which is situated a dise x¹ for the end
of the independent plate S, to press upon by reaching in through the opening a³, as
shown in Fig. 142.
Within the space that exists in the recess x around the thimble, a spiral'
spring 7 is placed one end of which presses forcibly against the back plate 10, and.
the other against the flange x, which flange in turn bears against the shoulder x,"
keeping the same forcibly pressed against the said shoulder; but when the end of
the independent plate S, presses with still greater force úpon the disc 10, it causes
the spring to yield, and the thimble to be depressed from the position shown in
Fig. 137, to about that shown in Fig. 142.
To enable an independent adjustment of the disc ¹ in its relative position in
the block the screw 15 is provided.
It will be observed that the recess in which the disc is located is somewhat
deeper than the thickness of the disc and by screwing the screw a little more
into the part 2 than that shown in Fig 137 the position of the disc in the recess 5
will be adjusted.
The part 3 of the thimble being used as a jam-nut on the screw x¹³ to secure
it, after the last mentioned adjustment.
Thus it will be seen from the above description, that an elastic cushion
susceptible of adjustment is provided to receive and act upon the end of the 5
independent plate S.

page_text: Many forms of such cushion may be devised and a tumbler mechanism will be
hereinafter be described in this Specification for actuating the independent plate S.:
Now as in this Specification it will be necessary hereinafter to refer to this
cushion mechanism, and as it would be tedious and confusing to be obliged to
identify it, by a repeated mention of the whole of the parts forming the same, it
will for clearness of understanding and. convenience for the reader in future.
reference to it be termed the cushion mechanism X X.
Having described the cushion mechanism X X, it now becomes necessary to.
explain that if the cushion mechanisın is used instead of what has been mentioned
above as the tumbler mechanism, a slight difference in the construction of the.
cutters ;, is required and to endeavour to describe the two arrangements together
would only lead to confusion it will therefore, be better to leave the cutters, ²,
independent plate S, and cushion mechanism XX, at this point and to go on with
the modification of the cutters as arranged for the tumbler mechanism, which
description will in a great measure explain and show the use and value of the
cushion mechanism X. X.
Referring to Figs. 183, 185 and 189 the end of the cutters, are represented.
as bearing upon the surface 7
space
2 represents a space formed in the rear end of one of the cutters which
adapted to permit the projection into it.of the arm 87 hereinafter referred to..
is
6 and 7, Fig. 183, represent stop blocks upon that side of the cutter, block on
which the tumbler s is situated beside it, one or both of which blocks may be,
adjustable if desired..
8, Figs. 129, 131, 132, 133 and 134 represents a frame made in two similar parts.
each of which is provided with a side bar portion 22, having at the one end a hemi-
spherical projection 70, and a bent arm portion at the other, which bent arm,
portions have formed on them journal studs ¹³.
13, 1, represent screws by means of which the parts when in position, are rigidly
united together to form a single frame which serves as a connecting rod to unite
the shaft bearing to the cutter block.
15 represents a recess.formed in the cutter block, which is adapted to receive tho.
front side of the ball formed by the union of the hemispherical projections 710 as
shown in Fig. 132.
716 represents a bearing block having a. recess adapted to receive the rear, side of,
the ball above referred to.
2.17 represent distance blocks, which are inserted in place after the other parts are.
brought together to hold the bearing. block in place.
18, Figs. 129, 131, 132, and 135, represent bearing blocks, by means of which the.
connecting rod frame is united. to the shaft b³ each block being provided with a
semi cylindrical face, adapted to enclose the eccentric portion 6º of the shaft b³, see
Fig. 100, a vertical recess adapted to receive the journal studs 7.12 of the frame r
and a recess or projection 1 adapted to engage with a corresponding recess or.
projection on the other part as shown.
The cutter block owing to its position relatively to the circular; forwarding.
mechanism is set at an angle to the shaft b³ as shown in Fig. 135.
The movement of the shaft however is communicated to the cutter block. without;
strain, by means of the journal studs 12 in a manner well understood.
By means of the ball and socket joint which unite the cutter block to the frame,
ample provision is made for the slight amount of lateral movement which will
result from the angular position of the shaft.
s, Figs. 122, 123 and 188 represents a recess cut in the inner side of the vertical.
standard a⁰ at the front of the same, which recess is. provided on its lower side
with a bearing block 8¹ having an adjusting screw 82, which adjusting screw extends
through a slot hole s³ in the standard alo and has its end screwed into the block 8¹,
by this means this block may be adjusted and secured.
represents what for convenience, may be called a tumbler.
.. It consists of a block of shatchet like form, which is provided; below with a

page_text: bearing face 85 and a shoulder 96, which extends outward and forms an arm 87, and
above with a vertical recess adapted to hold a spring and the shank of a head or
button s as shown.
This tumbler when in position rests with its bearing faces upon the upper
bearing face of the block s¹ and the upper face of the head of the button 88 bears
against the upper surface of the recess as shown in Fig. 188; the left face of the
tumbler bears against the wall of the recess, and the right face of the tumbler is
towards the left face of the cutter block, as shown in Fig. 190.
The upper portion of the tumbler lies between the stop blocks and 7 as shown-
in Figs. 188, 190, 191, 192.
The end of the arm 87 extends into the space behind the rear end of the
independent plate S, as shown in Figs. 183, 185 189 to 192 inclusively.
By means of the slot 83 in the standard a10, and the screw s², the block s¹ may be
adjusted as desired, to determine the exact movement of the tumbler 8'.
T, Figs. 190, 194, 195 and 196 represents the fixed cutter located in the central
recess 8 of the block j, Fig. 58, which consists of a bearing surface having cutting
edges of such form as to correspond with the cutting edges of the cutters r¹, this
part T, may be either made as shown in Figs. 194 and 195 or as shown in Figs. 220
and 221 in the latter case it is provided with a downward projecting continuation
which enters into a recess formed in the block j as shown in Fig. 213. .
Figs. 217 and 218 show front elevations of two clamping plates t, situated one
on each side of the fixed cutter T, while Figs. 216 and 219 show side elevations of
these clamping plates t, these two plates are alike only one is made “right” and
the other "left."
Each of these clamping plates t, is provided with a base portion adapted to
clamp the base of the fixed cutter T, and an upper portion having a recess to
permit the entrance of the cutters r¹ and the portions cut off the nail blanks
to pass.
¹Figs. 92, 93, 97, 99, 212, 214, 215, 227, 228 and 229 represents a cotter pin
held in a portion of the recess j³ of the block j, which by means of.its wedging
action causes the plates t, t, to securely hold the fixed cutter in position.
t² Figs. 194, 222 and 223 represents an auxiliary plate located in rear of the
fixed cutter T, which auxiliary plate is provided with an inclined upper surface,
which connects with the upper surface of the cutter, as shown in Fig. 194.
t³ represent a pair of clamping plates adapted to hold the auxiliary plate t
and t, Figs. 224, 225 and 226 are respectively front and side elevations of a cotter
pin held in a proper portion of the recess 8 which pin by means of its wedging
action causes the clamping plates t³ to securely hold the auxiliary plate t².
To Figs. 212 and 213, is a small piece let into the block j', and forming a pro-
jection at the end of the recess j³, the object of which is to form a slight projecting
surface immediately under the bottom of the fixed cotter T', so that as the nail
blanks are presented on the rear end of the fixed cutter T, their bodies are by this
slight projection caused to move slightly rearward, and thus obviate any danger of
the edge of the nail blanks interlocking with the edge of the fixed cutter T.
It will be observed that this projection To is located opposite the reduction Nº in
the plate N, see Fig. 93, therefore no obstruction is rendered by the plate N' to
the projection To moving the nail blanks as above mentioned.
This is important, for without the projection To much trouble would be
experienced from nail blanks interlocking on the edge of the fixed cutter T, as it is
found not to be desirable to set the fixed cutter T within the surface of the
block j*.
The amount of the projection To projects beyond the surface of the block j* is so
very small that it cannot well be shown in the drawings, it may however be stated
that this projection is made in the full size machines not more than a to of
a inch but it is not necessarily confined to the above mentioned dimensions.
The general operation of the cutting mechanism is as follows:-
The nail blanks which have been acted upon by the swaging mechanism in a

page_text: manner before described is brought by the continued movement of the forwarding
mechanism, in proper position on the rear end of the fixed cutter T, and pro-
jection T as shown in Figs. 190 and 213 where T¹ represents the nail blank.
By the action then of the eccentric portion 66 of the shaft 63, the cutter block 1,
having the cutters 1, is advanced at this time to cut the blank in connection with
the fixed cutter T, and from the point of the nail as shown in fig. 193.
When the cutters r¹ are carried forward to cut the nail blank the tumbler 81, by
the contact with it of the stop block of the cutter block r, Figs. 188 and 191 is
also carried forward upon the bearing block 8³ until its shoulder 80 engages with
the end of the block as shown.
By the contact of the arm 87 of the tumbler 8 with the rear end of the plate S
Figs. 185, 189 and 190 this plate is also carried forward until its front end bears
against the upper portion of the nail blank, as shown in Fig. 191.
The length of the movement of the tumbler being positively determined by
means of the position of the stop block 7 being adjusted to produce this result.
By the engagement of the shoulder 8 of the tumbler with the end of the block s¹
the tumbler & and plate S are held against movement when the cutters by the
action of the eccentric portion 6º are caused to return as shewn in Fig. 192.
The plate S, the rear end of which is in contact with the arm 87 of the tumbler,
is also held against movement, and so, also is the nail against which the front end.
of the plate S, bears as shewn in Figs. 191 and 192.
The nail blank, thus being held the tendency of the cutters on their return
movement, to draw the same into the position indicated by the line 1, Fig. 192 is
entirely avoided..
The tumbler 8 shoulder 8 and arm 87 are integral. The tumbler 8 is held
stationary when the shoulder 86 engages with the end of the block. 8¹; and the
plate S, is held up to press upon the nail blank T by the arm s7 engaging with
the back end of the plate S (see Figs. 190 and 191) until the stop block 7 of the
cutter block, in the movement of the latter is caused to come into contact with
the head of the tumbler and cant the same over sufficiently to lift the shoulder 88.
out of contact with the end of the block s¹, and disengage the same.
When the shoulder is disengaged, the tumbler and plate are moved back' with
the cutter block, to their normal positions, the position of the tumbler being shewn
by dotted lines in Fig. 188 and the nail blank is released.
This same function of obviating the tendency herein before described which the
cutters have of drawing over the nail blank from its upright position shown in
Fig. 192, to the inclined position shown by the line 1, is obtained by making the
independent plate S, instead of having a broad end at the rear, as shown in
Fig. 191, and other figures with a small end as shown in Figs. 142 and 143, and
other figures; and making the plate of such length that it projects as shown in
Figs. 129, 131 and 143, a small amount beyond the cutting edges of the cutters r¹,
and engaging its decreased end with the cushion mechanism X X, hereinbefore
described.
By this arrangement the front end of the plate S, is brought in the forward
stroke of the cutters 1 to bear upon the nail blank before the cutting operation
commences; and as the cutters advance to complete their stroke and clip the nail,
the cushion mechanism X X, yields and allows the plate S to remain stationary
whereby the cutters 1 pass beyond the front end of the plate S, in a similar
manner as described when the tumbler 8* is used, and when the cutters commence
their return stroke, the elasticity of the cushion mechanism X X, keeps the end of
the plate S, pressed against the nail blank until the cutters have returned beyond
the nail blank.
The mechanism by which the portions cut from the nail blanks are discharged
will now be described.
In the cutter block r, Figs. 179, 180, 181, 212, and 213; a recess y³ is formed
adapted to receive a spindle y and spiral spring y", the recess being smaller at its
rear end, forms a guide for the rear end of the spindle and a shoulder for the rear

page_text: end of the spiral spring to press upon, while the forward portion of the spindle is
provided with an enlarged portion y³ suitable to slide and guide the spindle; near
the forward end of the spindle is formed a collar y', and threaded projection to
receive upon it a threaded nuty to secure upon the forward end of the spindle a
spring plate 10 by means of a clamping washer y¹¹, in the side of the forward
portion of the spindle y a recess y12 is formed to receive the end of a lock bolt y¹³,
which lock bolt is of ordinary construction, and is so clearly shown as to require no
further description as many other contrivances of different construction may be
employed for this purpose the essential requisites being such a contrivance as that
the spindle y with the spring plate 10 secured thereon may be readily placed and
secured in the recess y in the position shown, and taken therefrom with ease, also
that the spring y' shall be compressed a sufficient amount to hold open a space, y¹
between the collar y and the cutter block r.
When the cutter block with the cutters come forward to clip the nail blank in
the manner hereinbefore described, the spring plate y¹ comes in contact with the
portion clipped off and as the cutters proceed to clip the point of the nail blank
the spring y is further depressed by the collar y being brought to a bearing upon,
the cutter block . Any further advance of the cutters not compensated for, by.
the closing up of the space y14, is compensated for by the yielding of the lower
portion of the spring plate y¹º.
The above described action is illustrated in Fig. 213, where the black stroke 5:
represents the clipping, the moment after having been severed it is thrown by
the united action of the spring y' and the spring plate yo forward to strike the
front side of the recess say about the position marked 6. and to prevent its..
flying up, a cover 15, of suitable size to fit over the opening j³ and recess j³, is
provided.
To ensure the downward fall of the clippings, after they have struck the point 6.
any suitable suction mechanism, such as a pump fan & &, connected by a tube to
the lower orifice of the opening a strong current of air may be drawn in, through
the recess js, under the cover 25, and down the opening.j³.
The cutters it will be observed in Figs.. 183 and 185 are not, held on a.
horizontal line but with their rear ends elevated a little above the front ends..
By means of this arrangement a certain amount, of clearance is caused as soon as,
the act of cutting is completed.
The front edges of the cutters also it will be observed are inclined from, a
vertical line in such a manner, that the lower corners project outwards some..
distance beyond the upper.
By means of this arrangement of parts, the cutters are caused to begin their
cutting action at the lowest point to be cut, and then move up to the point of the
nail blank, the material being, thus severed by a shearing action instead, of, a,
punching one.
The cutting edges of the cutters r¹, as shown in Figs. 170 and 176 it will be
observed, are bevelled or rounded slightly at their lower ends.
By means of this construction the nail blanks, if slightly out of position are
accurately centered before the same is cut; the bevels engaging with the blank
and adjusting it before the cutting action begins. The relative positions of the
parts of the cutting mechanism in the machine, are shewn in Figs. 1 and 2..
The mechanism for swaging, the points of the nails will now, be described.
The moving portion of the nail point swaging mechanism is as follows:...
, Figs. 1, 2, 106, and 109 represents a cam on the shaft b³ before referred to.
U, Figs. 111., and 202 represents a projection upon the left side. of the
standard a, at the rear end of the same, which is provided with a bearing face
having a groove u, therein as shown..
u¹ represents a bar the rear end of which is provided with a bearing face,.
having a rib u² as shown; and its front end with an enlargement having a straight
side and an inclined side, as shown.
The bearing face at the rear end of, the bar ul is adapted to rest on the bearing

page_text: face of the projection U, with its rib u² engaging with the groove u. of the
projection as shown.
By means of this construction the bar is held against movement in a lateral
direction, but is permitted to inove freely in a longitudinal one.
u³ Figs. 1, 2 and 202 represents a movable cover plate by means of which, the
rear end of the bar is held against upward movement.
u*, Figs. 1, 2, 179, 199, 203 and 204, represents a base block rigidly secured in
the proper position shown, to the bed plate A in any proper manner, which block
is provided with a vertical extension near the center of the same, and with an
inclined bar u upon one side having a projection-u with an inclined bearing face
as shown.
us represents a movable side bar secured to the base block, in any proper
manner, which is provided with an inclined bar u having a corresponding
projection with the inclined bearing face, as shown.
The inclined bars u u form ways in connection with the upper surface of
the base block u to guide the moveable block beld therein, in its longitudinal
movement.
:
10 Figs. 197, 198, 199, 205 and 206, represents the moveable block consisting
of a base portion having inclined sides adapted to engage with the inclined sides
of the base block in such a manner as to move freely therein, and an upper portion
having straight sides as shown.
ul, Figs. 199, and 206 represents a longitudinal recess in the base portion of the
block ulo, into which extends, when the parts are in place, the vertical extension u
of the base block ut.
1 represents a spring located in the recess u¹¹, and u¹³ a cover plate secured by
a bolt as shown, which plate furnishes a bearing for one end of the spring as
shown.
14 Figs. 197 and 199 represents an opening in the upper portion of the moveable
block, provided with an inclined side us against which bears the inclined side of
the front of the wedge bar ul as shown.
16, Figs. 197, 198 and 207 represents an auxiliary block located at one end of
the upper portion of the moveable block, which by means of proper ways is
adapted to move in a longitudinal direction, as shown.
u, Figs. 197 and 198 represents a bolt extending through a vertical slot in
the auxiliary block u into the movable block ule below, by means of which the
auxiliary block is rigidly secured in any position in which it may be adjusted.
18, Figs. 197 and 199 represents, an adjusting screw held in a threaded recess in
the upper portion of the moveable block u¹ and ul a stud of less diameter lying
in an extension of the recess, the outer end of which is adapted to bear against the
adjacent face of the auxiliary block u16, as shown.
20, Figs. 197 and 207 represents a rectangular block of any proper thickness,
which is adapted to rest in the recess portion of the auxiliary block 16, as shown.
21 represents a clamping plate held by the bolt 17, before referred to, and u2,
Figs. 1. 2 and 207 a long swage bar of steel having a bevelled edge which bar is
secured in place by means of the clamping plate and bolt, as shown.
By means of the adjusting screw, the adjustment of the auxiliary block u¹ is
obtained to the required longitudinal position.
23 represents an opening through the 'base block by means of which space is
provided for the pawl bar o³, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
The fixed portion of the nail point swaging mechanism will now be described.
1, Fig. 58 represents a curved recess herein before described, in the block j" of
the circular base plate J, of the forwarding mechanism.
V. Figs. 93, 99 and 207 represents a curved block of any proper thickness
which is adapted to fill a portion of the recess ³ as shown.
u. represents a clamping plate.; and ul a bolt by means of which a curved bar of
steel is secured in place, which bar forms the anvil of the nail point swaging
mechanism,

page_text: The operation of the above described nail point swaging mechanism is substan-
tially as follows:
The rear end of the wedge bar u is held continuously in contact with the
cam b' on the cam shaft 63 by the action of the spring u12, and consequently at the
proper time in the operation of the machine, the wedge bar is given a forward
movement.
The front end of the wedge bar lies in the opening u¹ of the movable block u¹º
Figs. 197, and 199, with its inclined side bearing against the inclined side u¹ see
also Figs. 1 and 2.
By means of the forward movement of the wedge bar and its inclined side, the
moveable block u10 is caused to move upon the base block u' against the resistance
of the spring u18.
By the movement of the moveable block u10, the auxiliary block u16 resting
thereon, which supports the block 20 and swage bar u22, is caused to advance close
to the anvil block, and swage the point of the nail which is held between them.
When the wedge bar is released by the continued movement of the cam, the
moveable block u10 and its attachments are returned to their normal positions by
the reaction of the spring u¹.
The head of the nail when the point is swaged rests upon the further one of the
studs 12, Figs. 59 and 75 before referred to, so that the proper provision is made
for the elongation of the nail.
By means of the adjusting screw us the amount of swaging action performed by
the swage bar u2 may be adjusted at will.
By means of the blocks u20 and V, of different thicknesses, nails of different
lengths may be acted upon.
The nails are presented to the nail point swaging mechanism in the same
manner that they were presented to the cutters 1 by the forwarding mechanism.
This special mechanism for swaging the point of the nail, is employed because
the cutters have a tendency to make one side of the uail slightly rounding; as
shown in Fig. 210, and also to reduce the bevel at the point, as indicated by
Fig. 208.
By the action of the swages, the shape of the nail is changed in cross-section,
from that shown in Fig. 210 to that shown in Fig. 211 and the bevel is increased
from the size shown in Fig. 208, to that shown in Fig. 209.
The blow or hammering given by the swage bar u2 to the material forming the
extreme point of the nail, solidifies or renders it more dense producing a similar
effect, as in the nails pointed by hand.
The discharging mechanism will now be described.
m³, Figs. 85, 90, 91, 92, 93, 97, 99, 167, and 168 represents the finger before
referred to and described.
In addition however, to the description already given it is to be remarked that
it may either have the turned down outer end shown in figs. 85, 90 and 91, or it
may have the straight outward configuration shown in Figs. 97, 99, 167 and 168;
both of these configurations are suitable for the purpose of discharging the nails
from the forwarding mechanism and may be employed in combination with the
parts about to be described.
W, Figs. 167 and 168 represents a spring plate raised from the bed plate A ;
which is provided at its upper end with a horizontal portion w, having an inclined
bearing edge as shown.
The bearing edge of the finger m³ and the bearing edge of the horizontal
portion w, are located in such relation to each other as to form between them from
above as shown in plan in Fig. 167 a wedge shaped space.
The bearing edge of the portion w is located in a higher plane than that of the
finger m³.
2, represents an opening in the bed plate; situated at the foot of the spring
eplate W, in the proper position to permit the discharge of the finished nail through
the bed plate into any suitable receptacle below.

page_text: The operation of the discharging mechanism is substantially as follows;
The nail having been completed by the nail point swaging mechanism before
described is carried by the continued movement of the forwarding mechanism to
come in contact with the bearing surface of the finger m³ and is caused to slide
along a portion of this surface which causes it to incline over to the position shown
by the line 2, Fig. 168 until it rests against the bearing edge of the horizontal
portion w, which edge prevents the inclination of the nail any further the line 2:
but as the nail is moved further around, in the circle described by the forwarding
mechanism the further out extending portion of the finger m³ compels the head of
the nail to draw outwards from the forwarding mechanism, and come to the
position of the line 3. and thus being released from all support it falls by gravity
through the opening w¹.
There will now be described a certain mechanism for coating the upper ends of
the nail blanks, with a film of oil while they are being conveyed by the herein-
before described forwarding mechanism to the mechanisms for bevelling, clipping
and bevel finishing.
This mechanism is situated as shown generally in Figs. 1 and 3, and more
particularly by Figs. 230, to 233 inclusively.
On the top surface of the cover plate M, and at or about the position shown, a
bevel seat is formed.
2, represents a circular or other desired shaped bath situated on the bevel seal
formed on the cover plate M, just above mentioned attached in any desired and
suitable manner upon the said seat and situated in close proximity to the flange m²
of the said plate.
2 represents a vertical axis projecting upwards and about centrally situated in
the said bath, this axis may either pass down through the bottom of the bath, and
be screwed into the plate below and rendered watertight by means of a collar.
integrally formed with the axis, the joint of the collar being made a water tight fit
or the axis may be integrally formed with the bottom of the bath.
2 represents a roller placed loosely on the axis ¹ this roller will preferably
consist of two parts, a centre rigid part to form a suitable bearing on the axis, and
an outer elastic cellular part suitable for becoming charged by capillary attraction,
with oil from its lower end which will be immersed in the oil in the bath 2.
23 represents an arm adjustably secured on the axis z¹ by jam nuts 2* this arm is
provided with a slot opening 25.
26 represents two sub-axes adjustably secured in the slot 2 by jam nuts z'.
28 represent two sub rollers placed upon the axes 26 and constructed in two
parts, as above described for the roller 22 that is to say having outer elastic cellular
surfaces, they are also arranged in relation to each other and to themselves as
shown in Fig. 231, that is to say of equal height on the top and having such a
touching contact that by power applied to revolve one of the rollers, the frictional
contact will cause the others to revolve with it.
The point of contact between the two rollers 28 is placed half the thickness of
the upper end of the nail blank, outside of the peripheral surface of the flange m².
The operation of this portion of the mechanism is as follows:-
The bath, being filled with oil or other fluid lubricating material, the said
lubricant spreads through the surface of the roller 2, and charges the surfaces of
the rollers z³.
It has been described in the description of the forwarding mechanism, that the
nail blanks held in a vertical position point upwards are carried around the
periphery of the flange m² by the forwarding meclianism.
One of such blanks so carried is delineated in section at T', in Figs. 232,
and 233;
and by its travel around the periphery of the flange m², in the direction
of the arrow Fig. 232, it is compelled to pass as shown between the two rollers ³
the elastic surfaces of which readily yield for that purpose and impart to the
surfaces of the nail blanks a proper amount of the lubricating material,
=

page_text: This passage of the nail blank between the rollers 8 causes a slight rotation of
the rollers, and also that of the roller 2 whereby a fresh surface charged with
lubricating material, is presented for the next nail blank which the forwarding
mechanism brings to it, to pass between the rollers 28.
The rollers in addition to performing the function of lubricating the upper.
ends of the nail blanks will if properly adjusted also adjust the nail blanks, if not
perfectly vertical, to a perfectly upright position.
The advantages therefore of this lubricating mechanism are, great economy in
the use of lubricating material and an adjusting mechanism to a vertical position
of the nail blanks.
A summary general description of the operation of the machine as a whole, may
now begin as follows:-
The power to drive the machine is communicated from any suitable motor to
the main shaft B, and from it through the gearing described to the roll shaft b. b¹
and also through the clutch mechanism c³, c, to the cam shaft b³.
Movement having been communicated to the roll shaft and rolls the nail blanks
Figs. 26 and 27 are fed in through the conductor e, to the rolls F and G, as shown
in Fig. 39, the delivery of the blanks being controlled by the finger e' as shown in
Figs. 4, 7 and 8.
By the passage of the blanks through the rolls, they are reduced in thickness
and extended in width and length, the action of the rolls gives to the blank its
final dimensions in the matter of thickness and width and an excess of length over
that required for the finished nail.
The head of the blank as it leaves the rolls, is first disengaged from the recess of
the small roll by proper disengaging mechanism shown in Fig. 46, and then after-
wards from a recess of the large roll by mechanism shown in Figs. 30 and 47.
By the joint action of the rolls and the disengaging mechanism and the walls of
the conductor leading from the rolls, the nail blank bent by the action of the rolls
is partly if not entirely straightened.
The nail blank when disengaged from the rolls, falls through a proper conductor
into a receiving recess Figs. 39 and 48, which is formed in part by a fixed bearing
surface ², upon which rests the head of the nail blank, a fixed wall m², supporting
one side of the nail blank, and two plates 16 11 of the revolving forwarding ring L,
having an intermittent movement.
By the contact of the plate 16, or the plates 16, 1, of the forwarding ring with the
edges of each nail blank, they are moved upon the fixed bearing surface * step by
step first to a lubricating and vertically adjusting mechanism; then to certain
swaging mechanism by means of which the blank is given the proper bend or
curvature, and is first partially bevelled at the place where the point is to be
formed, then to certain cutting mechanism by means of which the surplus metal at
the point is removed from the nail; and then to certain swaging mechanism, by
means of which the point of the nail is finally shaped and its bevel perfected to
finish the nail.
This operation having been performed, the finished nail is discharged from the
machine by a mechanism shown in Fig. 168.
The forwarding ring L is given an intermittent movement principally by means
of the cam 68, and pawl o³, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
The moving portion of the swaging mechanism Fig. 113, is actuated by the
eccentric portion 65 of the cam shaft 3, Figs. 106 and 107.
The moving portion of the cutting mechanism is actuated by the eccentric
portion of the cam shaft b³, Figs. 106 and 108.
The moving portion of the nail point swaging mechanism is actuated principally
by the cam b7 of the cam shaft bs and wedge bar and moveable block u¹º upon
the base block u'.
When the machine is in full operation, a nail blank is delivered during, each
pause in the intermittent movement of the forwarding mechanism.

page_text: At this time also another nail blank is being acted upon by the swaging
mechanism still another by the cutting mechanism, and a nearly finished nail is
being fully finished by the nail point swaging mechanism; all these actions
occuring during the rest interval of the forwarding mechanism but not precisely at
the same instant of time.
Certain modifications of the cutters ¹, and independent plate S, will now be
described.
The distinguishing characteristic of these cutters, is that while the front ends are
placed together, as shown in Figs. 170 and 171, their near ends are separated any
proper distance as shown in Fig. 171 by means of a bearing block x. Fig. 175.
By means of this special arrangement of parts the cutters are adapted to clear
themselves from the nail as soon as the cutting action is effected.
The independent plate S, for holding the nail when the cutters are withdrawn
is provided with a projection x Figs. 169 and 171 adapted to extend through the
opening Fig. 175, in the block x, into proper position to be acted upon by the
arm 8 of the tumbler 84 in the manner before described.
Whenever it is necessary to sharpen these cutters, the portion removed can be
compensated for, by placing a supplementary piece at the back of the block c.
It will be understood that the recess in the cutter block that contains the cutters,
must conform to the special angle formed by the cutters, in their relative positions
to each other, or that any suitable means of supporting them at the angle they
assume such as a side supplementary wedge piece will be provided to give the side
of the recess the required angle.
-
The above first modification is specially arranged for use, in combination with the
tumbler 8*.
.The second modification of the cutters 1 is as follows.
The distinguishing characteristic of these cutters, is that they are made with
parallel sides and both ends alike, so that they may be turned end for end when
desired.
To compensate for the inclined ends of the cutters a special bearing block y,
Figs. 172, 173, 174 and 178, is provided, which has a rectangular side and an
inclined side, as shown.
The independent plate S, Fig. 173 is modified in construction to extend through
the space between the bridge pieces y¹, y¹, which serves to properly separate the
parts of the cutters as shown; this modification is also arranged to be used in
combination with the tumbler 8*.
The third modification of the cutters 1 is as follows:
In this modification the cutters r¹ are provided with equally inclined ends as in
the second modification and also with parallel sides; they are furthermore provided
with the block y, but with projections y at their bottom corners, which projections
have upon them the rounded or bevelled corners for adjusting the nail blank to a
certral position before described, before the clipping of the point of the nail blank
commences.
The plate S as shown used with this modification is provided with a decreased
end projecting through the plate y, a sufficient distance to engage with the cushion
mechanism XX, and be operated by it.
In this modification the plate S, has side springs y³ attached upon it which by
their friction upon the inner surface of the cutters prevent the plate from
displacement by undue movement on account of the freeness of its fit to the space
within the pair of cutters.
The clearance of these cutters, is obtained by so forming them that the space
between them increases from the ends towards the center, and the clearance so
formed is augmented by setting the cutters at an incline to the line of their motion
as herein before mentioned, therefore when these cutters require to be sharpened
by removing a portion of the material from their ends, to prevent the positions of
the cutting edges from being changed a small portion is removed from the inner
surfaces of the cutters which bear the one.upon the other, whereby the cutters are

page_text: slightly decreased in thickness bringing the cutting edges to the same relative
positions they before had. This decrease in the thickness will be compensated for
by a parallel supplementary piece placed in the recess in which they are situated in
the cutter block 2.
The fourth modification of the cutters 1 is as follows: .
Each cutter is provided with a rectangular end and a bevelled or inclined end,
upon the latter is formed the projection y², the outer surfaces of these cutters, when
they are placed together are parallel, while the inner surfaces are tapered as shown
in Figs. 156 and 157.
The plate S, in this case is of the wedge form shown in Figs. 158 and 159 and is
provided with the side springs y³, it is further provided with a small end to engage
with the cushion mechanism X X, in the same manner shown in Fig. 143.
When these cutters require to be sharpened and a portion is removed from their
cutting ends such would cause the renewed cutting edges to be at a greater distance
apart, and therefore would change the shape of the point of. the nail; this is
compensated for, by drawing backwards the wedge y°, as such drawing backwards
of the wedge y°, would cause it to protrude at the rear end of the cutters, such
portion as will protrude by reason of the new position of the wedge y° will be
removed.
It will be observed that as illustrated dowel pins are provided, and as these
dowel pins pass through the wedge 3º, to enable the wedge to be moved, the
openings through which the dowel pins pass are elongated.
The above described arrangement of the wedge reduces the thickness of the
cutters; to compensate for which a suitable side supplementary piece or pieces
will be provided.
Some of the advantages derived from the described construction are as follows.
By the employment of a special mechanism for controlling the delivery of the
nail blanks to the enlongating rolls, all danger of more than one nail blank passing
to the rolls at one time is obviated.
By constructing the large roll F, in separate pieces, the parts subject to wear may
be readily taken out and their positions changed or they may be repaired.
By providing the die blocks with two recesses arranged in reversed order, the
life of the die is greatly prolonged without any material increase in the expense of
construction, the tempering process being the same as that employed when a single
die is made.
An advantage also results from the employment of a thicker and stronger body
of steel, it being much less liable to distortion in the process of tempering and
better able to stand the strain to which it is subjected in the operation of shaping
the nail blanks.
By the employment of a large and small roll in connection with each other, the
operation of rolling is more perfectly performed, than when rolls of equal size are
employed.
By a special construction of the point end of the recess of the large roll F, the
surplus inetal in the blanks will pass through the rolls without being subjected to
excessive pressure and hence the same will not be rendered unfit for further use.
Less power is also required to actuate the rolls and they are subjected to less
strain.
By making the face plate removable, the bar i may be taken out when
desired.
By means of the set screw ¿¹³, the bar ¹¹ may be adjusted readily in its proper
vertical position.
By means of the fixed block H, loose block h6, and spring 10, the blade ¹¹ is
provided with an elastic support which readily yields to permit the finger of the
blade to follow the varying lines of the bottom of the recess upon which it rests.
By the employment of a revolving forwarding ring, a continuous movement
is obtained for conveying the blanks from the rolls successively to the various
mechanisms for further acting upon them.

page_text: By means of the special construction employed, the nails are property conveyed
to the desired points.
:
By means of a proper lubricating mechanism such portion of the nail as requires
it, is coated with lubricating material.
By means of the spring studs k¹ proper provision is made for the elongation of
the metal under the swaging action.
By means of the pivoted bar o, the length of the movement of the pawl bar os
may be determined.
By the employment of the open ended slots p10, under the plate p³, a very simple
and effective means is obtained for permitting the removal or adjustment of the
swages or cutters as the case may be.
By the employment of the arched spring p¹³, great power of resistance is obtained
with great durability; this spring is also exceedingly compact in form, so that
little space is required by its use.
By means of the adjusting mechanism p20, p21, 22, 23, 24, and p25, provision is
made for adjusting the length of the connecting frame to cause the swages to exert
the proper pressure.
By means of the journal studs 12, of the connecting frame 8, of the cutter block;
and the blocks 18, the angular position of the latter is compensated for.
By means of the ball and socket joint 10, 15, 16, the slight amount of lateral
movement is provided for.
By means of the independent plate S, the cut nail is properly held against
movement as the cutters are withdrawn.
By means of the 'adjusting screw 18, the amount of pressure exerted by the
moving part of the nail point swaging mechanism may be adjusted.
By means of the special construction of the cutters shown and described in a
part of the modifications the cutters,inay be turned end for end, and so extend the
life of the cutters without materially increasing their cost.
It is to be understood the invention is not limited to the precise construction
shown, nor to the precise elements used in the combinations.
:
If desired the mechanism for controlling the delivery of the nail blanks to the
rolls, may be employed with rolls of a different construction.
The controlling mechanism also and the rolls may be employed in connection
with a different forwarding mechanism.
.
The forwarding mechanism may also be employed with different rolling
nechanism and with different mechanisms for further acting on the nail.
The swaging and cutting mechanisms also may be employed independently if
desired.
The special form of the recess in the rolls for the head of the blank may be
varied and also the recess of either roll be adapted, to take the larger portion of the
head of the nail blank.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the 'nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I. declare that what
I claim is
:
1. In combination with the cam d, and the rod e² having the arm e³ provided
with stud e, and extension e³, the shaft b, as described, the construction being such
that the rod e is held against revolution without interference with its freedom to
move in a longitudinal direction.
2. In combination with the conductor e, and the rod e², having the finger e' and
arm e, the spring e8, and the cam d, as described.
3. The conductor e, having the groove for the passage of the nail blank, and the
narrow slit el, for the insertion of an implement, as and for the purpose described.
4. The large roll F, having a series of recesses, in combination with the small
roll G having a single recess as described.
5. The roll F, consisting of the body portion f, round plate f², die blocks fƒ^ƒ^,
and cover plate f7, as and for the purposes described.

page_text: :
'
6. In combination with the shaft 6 having a bearing shoulder, threaded portion,
and nut; the roll F, consisting of the body portion f, cover plate f³, f, and die
blocks ff, the width of the die blocks exceeding the width of the body block as
and for the purpose set forth.
7. The die block f^, having the two recesses fo f³ arranged in opposite positions
as and for the purpose set forth.
8. In combination with the die blocks f*, having the recesses f³ f³, the body
block having the recesses f1 f1, the recesses 11, fs, coinciding to form a continuous
channel about the roll as described.
9. In combination with the bar the block 28 and the removeable face plate
as described.
10. In combination with the supporting block I, having the stud 214, the bar ill,
having the finger at one end, and the fork at the other, as and for the purpose
described.
11. In combination with the roll G having the recess g, the pivotted bar i¹,
with finger, and spring 20, the spring being adjusted to cause the finger to bear
upon the surface of the roll, as and for the purpose described.
F
12. In combination with the forked bar i, the set screw 15, for adjusting the
same as described.
13. In combination with the block 1, the serrated blade h14, the block he and the '
spring has described.
14. In combination with the block h having the set bolt h', the block h¹³, the rear
wall of which forms the front wall of the conductor as described.
15. The combination of the die block f, having a recess f6, with the finger h¹5
and mechanism for causing the finger to enter the recess and disengage the head of
the nail blank, substantially as described.
16. The combination of the rolls F and G, bars 2¹¹¹³, and plates 16, and 7", of
a forwarding mechanism the whole constructed and arranged substantially as
described.
17. In combination with the bars 1, 2, the flange m² and the plates 1º, 11 of the
forwarding ring.
18. In combination with the bar ¹¹, the plates 6, 71, and the guide plate N.
19. The combination of the rolls F and G, and the disengaging mechanism as
described base ring K, having bearing faces k¹, and k², intermittently moving
forwarding ring L, having plates 16, and independent blocks 19 having plates 11, and
springs 4, the whole substantially as described.
20. The forwarding ring L, having the plates 18 with the independent blocks 1º,
having plates, and the springs 14, the whole combined substantially as and for
the purpose described.
21. In combination with the forwarding ring L, having the plates 16, independent
blocks, having plates 11, and springs 4, with a frictional surface arranged to
operate the plates 7", the whole substantially as described.
22. In combination with the lever O the pawl bar o with ball and socket joint
and spring o
23. In combination with the pawl bar o³, the lever O, and the cam 68, the spring oº,
as described:
.
24. In combination with the projection, the pivoted bar ks, and the series of
presser bars k³, as described.
25. The combination of the presser bar 7, having bearing face klo, spring kl,
bar, plates ; independent blocks 1º, having plates 1, and springs 1, the whole 5
substantially as described.
26. In combination with the presser bar k having a bevelled edge the plate 1¹¹,
having a bevelled edge plate l as described.
27. In combination with the swage block p, the plate p³ with open slots, the set
screws p, block p and the swages p³, po as described.
28. In combination with the swage block p', the adjusg mechanism p²º, p²,
p, p, p, and 2025, as described.
22
5

page_text: 29. In combination with the swage block having the part p; the arched
spring p19 as.described.
30. In combination with the swaging mechanism, the spring studs k¹², as and for
the purpose described.
31. The spring stud k¹, having the shank k¹³, collar k¹, and spring k¹, supported
by. a plug is, held in a recess k¹³, as described.
32. The cutters 11, held at an angle from the horizontal line and having
inclined ends as and for the purpose set forth.
33. In combination with the cutter block, the connecting frame having the ball
and socket joint, as described.
34. In combination with the cutter block, the connecting frame having journal
studs, ¹², and the bearing blocks 18, 18, as described.
35. In combination with cutters r¹, r, for reducing the point of the nail blank to
shape an independent plate S, for holding the nail as the cutters are withdrawn and
mechanisin substantially as described for actuating the plate.
36. In combination with the cutters, the independent plate S, and the tumbler s'
for actuating the plate.
37. The tumblers, having the shoulder se, in combination with the base block 8',
and the cutter block having the stop block r³, as described.
38. In combination with the tumbler 8, having the shoulder 88, the base block s¹,
and the cutter block having the stop block re, as described.
39. The combination of the fixed cutter T, with the auxiliary plate t³, as
described.
40. The combination with the fixed cutter T, and auxiliary plate t², the clamping
plates and cotter pins, as described.
41. The combination of the following elements and mechanism substantially as
described for clamping the nail blank during the action of cutting; mechanism
substantially as described for cutting the blank; and mechanism substantially as
described for holding the nail when the cutters are withdrawn.
42. The combination with the cam b', the wedge bar u¹ and the moveable
block u, held upon the base block u', as described.
43. In combination with the auxiliary block 16, carrying the swage bar, the
adjusting screw u¹8, as described.
44. In combination with the supporting block u20, the bolt u, and the clamping
plate u, as described.
45. In combination with the long anvil bar u², of curved form, the long
swage bar u22, as described.
46. In combination with the finger m³, the spring plate W, having the horizontal
portion, as described.
47. The combination of the bearing face k², spring stud 12, and conductor e, for
conveying the nail blanks from the rolls, to the bearing face k³, substantially as
described.
48. The combination of the plates 16, 7, of the herein before described mechanism
with a lubricating mechanism consisting of a bath 2, rollers z³, 28, constructed and
arranged, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
49. The combination of the block j constructed and arranged as described, fixed
cutter T, projection Te, plates 1, 111, of the forwarding mechanism described; and
the cutters r, the whole substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
50. The combination of the cutters 1, fixed cutter T, with the clip discharging
mechanism, consisting principally of a spindle y6, spring y' and spring plate y10,
substantially as, and for the purpose set forth.
51. The combination of the plates 16, 11, spring 11, of the forwarding mechanism,
with the plate having projections 19, and pivoted lever, said lever having
bearing face, and actuated by a spring is, the whole constructed and arranged
substantially as described for the purpose set, forth.
52. In a machine of substantially described construction, the combination of
the following elements; mechanismu substantially as described for controlling the

page_text: delivery of the nail blanks to the rolls; mechanism substantially as described
for rolling the same; mechanism substantially as described for forwarding the
same; mechanism substantially as described for lubricating the same, mechanism
substantially as described for swaging the blanks; mechanism substantially as
described for cutting the blanks; mechanism substantially as described for dis-
charging the clippings; mechanism substantially as described for swaging the
points of the nails; and mechanism substantially as described for discharging the
finished nail from the machine.