Improvements in Tapping, Drilling and similar Machines.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Jan., 1899-Accepted, 30th Dec., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tapping, Drilling and similar Machines.
I, FRANKLIN ALFRED ERRINGTON, residing at No. 15, Townsend Avenue,
Borough of Richmond, City of New York, State of New York, United States of
America, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
-
My invention relates to means for rotating a spindle in opposite directions;
to means for retaining said oppositely rotative spindle in line with the driving
part; to means for holding said spindle out of engagement with said rotative
means, to facilitate the connection or disconnection of a tool or holder with
said spindle; to means for centering and aligning said tool or holder with said
spindle to means for connecting and disconnecting a tap or similar tool to and
from said spindle; to means for rendering the connection between said spindle
and tap either a positive or a frictional one at will; and to other details of
improvement and combinations of parts hereinafter described and then pointed
out in the claims.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming part hereof,
wherein
Figure 1 is a vertical cross sectional view of a machine embodying my in-
vention;
Figure 2 is a plan view of Figure 1 with the case shown in section, and the
driving wheel and spindle partly broken to show the top of reversing wheel and
the clutches;
Figure 3 is a horizontal cross section of Figure 1 on line 3-3;
Figure 4 is a top plan view of the friction driving and driven disks on the
line 4 4 of Figure 1, the check washer and adjusting nut being removed, and
the positive locking-block in operative position;
Figure 5 is a similar view to Figure 4 except that the check washer is inter-
posed and the dotted lines show the positive locking-block in inoperative
position;
Figure 6 is a front elevation of Figure 1, showing the tool holder only;
Figure 7 is a top plan view of the aligning-piece.
A driving wheel 1 having gear teeth upon its periphery is shown provided with
integral hub 1 projecting from its outer face, said wheel and hub having an
axial bore a, shown screw-threaded at its outer end to afford connection with
suitable means to impart rotation to wheel 1, and counter bored at its inner end
to form a clutch chamber c, within the plane of the inner face of wheel 1. The
diameter of hub 1 and the distance between centers of the clutch pin bearings d
are so proportioned that said bearings d open upon the outer face of wheel 1,
to enable clutch pins 1° located therein to be driven out, which structure also
provides the maximum degree of aligning efficiency to the bearing of wheel 1 in
case 2. The case 2 is preferably shown with integral top, bottom and sides, and
having a bearing e, for hub 1 and an opening f into its gear chamber g said

page_text: opening being opposed to said bearing and adapted to pass driving wheel 1. A
transmitting pinion 3 is preferably journaled on a stud 3ª and provided with
gear teeth upon its periphery that mesh with the teeth of driving wheel 1. A
reversing pinion 4 is preferably journaled on a stud 4" and provided with gear
teeth that mesh with those of transmitting pinion 3. Each of said studs is
supported in both the top and the bottom plates of case 2. The periphery of
case 2 is preferably circular and the gear chamber is shown eccentric to the
periphery of said case to provide at one side a space for pinions 3, 4, with a thin
side wall, and at the other side a thick wall to receive the strain of a reverse
rod 5, said rod being adapted to be suitably held from rotation to prevent the
rotation of case 2.
The clutch pins 1° are shown projecting into clutch chamber c of wheel 1,
laterally from its side walls and longitudinally from its face, part of the periphery
of said pins being preferably embedded in the side wall of said clutch chamber to
support each of said pins on the side opposite to its clutch face. A stop collar G
loosely encircles the outer hub of a non-rotative bushing or cover 7, and is
provided with opposed threaded bores in which are located projections or
screws 6, 6b, whose inner ends enter smooth transverse bores 7 7b that open into an
axial bore 7 in bushing 7. The inner face of bushing or cover 7 is preferably
provided with an inner hub 7 externally inserted into the base plate opening f,
and the inner end of axial bore 7 is shown counterbored to receive the hub of a
reversing wheel 8 having an axial bore registering with bore 7 and counterbored
at its inner end to form a clutch-chamber c, into which project clutch-pins 8°.
The periphery of reversing wheel 8 is provided with gear-teeth adapted to mesh
with the gear-teeth of reversing pinion 4, when reversing wheel 8 is in operative
position, by which means when the reverse rod 5 is suitably held to prevent
rotation of case 2, the pinions 3, 4, will be rotated upon their axes by the wheel 1
and the wheel 8 will be rotated simultaneously in the opposite direction to
wheel 1.
A spindle 9 is shown provided with a flange 9ª or friction driving disk 9ª,
having a radial slot 9b cut in its periphery. An externally screw-threaded
adjusting-nut 10 encircles the spindle 9, and is provided with means, as 10 for
connection with a wrench or similar tool. Between flange 9 and nut 10 I
interpose a check-washer 11, having a lug 11 projecting from its periphery,
and I preferably perforate said lug at 11b. Spindle 9 is passed through the
axial bore 7 of bushing 7, and reversing wheel 8, and a clutch-bar 12 is inserted
in a transverse bore 9° in spindle 9. A thrust-ring 13 is interposed between
the inner faces of the driving and reversing wheels, the inside diameter of said
thrust-ring preferably being of the same diameter and registering with the
clutch-chamber e, to enable the clutch-bar 12 to rotate and have longitudinal
movement independently of said thrust-ring. Said thrust-ring 13 is preferably
held in said position by fitting into a recess 1d in the inner face of driving wheel 1.
The aforesaid parts are held in operative position by securing the bushing 7 to
case 2 by screws or other suitable means 7. The height of the clutch-bar 12 is
less than the distance between the opposed ends of the clutch-pins 1°, 8° to enable
the operator to stop the rotation of spindle 9 during the continued rotation
of driving wheel 1 by bringing said clutch-bar 12 in said intermediate position
and holding it there by forcing the projections 6ª, 6b, against spindle 9; and this
can be done by turning one of said projections, as 6, whereupon the looseness
of stop-collar ( upon the outer hub of bushing 7 will cause said stop-collar to
move independently of bushing 7 and bring both projections 6, 6, with equal
pressure against the periphery of spindle 9 from opposite sides, gripping said
spindle firmly without forcing it laterally against the revolving surface of
bearing a of wheel 1.
The spindle 9 is provided with an axial bore h, in which is located an axially
movable reversible center-piece 14, and I preferably provide a spiral spring 15
to actuate said center-piece axially. A friction driven body 16 is provided at

page_text: one end with a screw-threaded recess 16ª whose side walls surround said
Hange 9, and mesh with the adjusting-nut 10. Said side wall of said screw-
threaded recess is provided with a radial slot 16b to receive the lug 11ª, said slot
being of sufficient depth to connect said disks 11 and 16 together to rotate in
unison by a slip-joint that permits of their moving independently to and from
each other and thereby prevents the adjustment of the tension of the frictional
contact of said disks 9, 11 and 16 being affected (slacked or tightened) by the
slipping of the driving friction disk 9 between said friction driven disks 11
and 16. A friction washer 17 is preferably interposed between the disks
& 16, said washer 17 being provided with an axial bore that registers with and is.
preferably of the same diameter as spindle bore h. This arrangement by which
the two friction driven disks 11 & 16 are connected to rotate together and to.
carry with them the adjusting-ring 10, permits said adjusting-ring to cease to
rotate under excessive strain, and thereby to enable the adjustment of the tension
to be made without stopping the rotation of spindle 9 and its disk 9".
The body 16 is provided with an axial socket H that registers with the axial
bore h of spindle 9, and I form an abutment in the side wall of said axial bores h, H
preferably by reducing the diameter of said bores at their juncture to less than
the extreme diameter of center-piece 14.
Center-piece 14 is provided at one end with a concave center 14b, and at
the other end with a convex center 14", to render said center-piece reversible,
whereby a tool not provided with a center-hole can be centered by its upper end
meshing with the concave center 14. The center-piece 14 is preferably reduced
in diameter for some distance above said convex centre 14" to enable the tool 19
it centers to be considerably varied in its projection from body 16, and I supply
a series of gripping means at different distances along said socket by providing
said body 16 with two sets of transverse bores 16°, 16d on different planes. The
outer of said transverse bores 16 is shown smooth to receive a sliding aligning-
piece 18 perforated by a socket 18" and provided with a clamping-screw 18.
The transverse bore 16 is preferably shown in the form of a slot cut in the end
of body 16, and enclosed by a face plate 16 which is attached to body 16 by
screws 16, or similar means. The inner of said transverse bores 16 is shown
screw-threaded on each side of its intersection with the axial bore H to mesh
with set-screws 20 whose outer ends are shown provided with suitable means.
for connection with a wrench or similar tool, for which purpose said Screw-.
threaded bores are shown counterbored at their outer ends. In order to sec
laterally into body 16 to ascertain the relative positions of the tool 19 and the
set-screws 20, I provide a lateral aperture or apertures 16, into the socket H
above the aligning-piece 18, and I have preferably shown said aperture or
apertures 16 on the same plane and at right angles to set-screws 20.
A positive locking-block 21 can be inserted laterally (see Figs. 1 & 4) through
slot 16b, and mesh with slot 9b, said block being held in operative position by
a pin 11, inserted through lug 11 and preferably having its end supported in
an aperture formed in the opposing bottom of slot 16. This arrangement
renders the device positive in its action. To render the device frictional in.
its action, the positive locking-block 21 can be withdrawn from slot 9b (see
Fig. 5), and hell out of mesh therewith by pin 11ª meshing with aperture 21ª
in said block.
The operation of the parts is as follows:-The wheel 1 being rotated by
suitable rotative means and the case 2 being held from rotation by rod 5, upon
presentation of work 22 against the tap 19 the spindle 9 will slide inwardly
along its bearings until the clutch-bar 12 engages the face of clutch-chamber c of
wheel 1, when the parts of the device will be in the position illustrated in the
drawings, except that the tap 19 will only be at the entrance of hole 22ª in
work 22. The device being shown in its positive condition, it will be understood
that the tap 19 will be rotated in the same direction with wheel 1, through the
medium of clutch-pins 19 and clutch-bar 12. When the hole 22ª is threaded, as

page_text: shown, the work is withdrawn from the device, pulling the clutch-bar 12 out of
engagement with clutch-pins 1°, and into engagement with the clutch-pins 8°,
which are rotated in the opposite direction by wheel S, and back tap 19 out
of the work.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is: —
1. The combination of a case, a driving wheel and a reversing wheel, the
axes of said wheels being in line, each of said wheels being provided with a
clutch, a thrust-ring interposed between the inner faces. of said wheels, a
spindle having a clutch rotatable independently of said thrust-ring and adapted
to engage said wheel clutches, and gearing carried by said case and adapted to
rotate one of said wheels in the opposite direction to the other thereof.
2. The combination with a case having integral top side and base plates and
provided with an opening into its gear-chamber, of a driving wheel adapted to
pass through said opening and suitably journalled in the top-plate of said case, a
reversing wheel journalled in line with said driving wheel, each of said wheels
being provided with a clutch, a thrust-ring interposed between the inner faces
of said wheels, a spindle having a clutch or clutches adapted to engage said
wheel clutches, and gearing carried by said case and adapted to rotate one of
said wheels in the opposite direction to the other thereof.
3. The combination with a case having integral top side and base plates and
provided with an opening into its gear-chamber, said gear-chamber being
eccentric to the periphery of said case to provide at one side thereof a thick
wall to receive a reverse-rod, of a driving wheel adapted to pass through said
opening and suitably journalled in said top plate, a reversing wheel journaled in
line with said driving wheel, each of said wheels being provided with a clutch,
a spindle having a clutch or clutches adapted to engage said wheel clutches, and
gearing carried by said case and adapted to rotate one of said wheels in the
opposite direction to the other thereof, substantially as described.
4. The combination with a case having integral top side and base plates and
provided with an opening into its gear chamber, said gear-chamber being
eccentric to the periphery of said case to provide at one side thereof a thick
wall to receive a reverse-rod and at the other side thereof a space to receive a
transmitting pinion and a reversing pinion that mesh with each other and are
suitably journaled in said case, of a driving wheel adapted to pass said opening
and suitably journaled in said top plate and meshing with said transmitting
pinion, a reversing wheel journaled in line with said driving wheel and meshing
with said reversing pinion, each of said wheels being provided with a clutch, and
a spindle having a clutch adapted to engage said wheel clutches.
5. The combination with a case having integral top side and base plates and
provided with an opening into its gear chamber, of a driving wheel adapted to
pass said opening and suitably journaled in the top plate of said case, a reversing
wheel journaled in line with said driving wheel, each of said wheels being
provided with a clutch, a spindle having a clutch to engage said wheel clutches,
a reversing pinion meshing with said reversing wheel, and a transmitting pinion
meshing with said driving wheel and with said reversing pinion, each of the
axles of said pinions being supported in both the top and the base plates of said
case.
6. The combination with an integral case having an opening in its base plate
opposed to a bore in its top plate, of a driving wheel adapted to pass through
said opening and suitably journaled in said bore, a reversing wheel journaled
in line with said driving wheel, each of said wheels being provided with a
clutch, a spindle journaled axially of said wheels and having a clutch to engage
said wheel clutches, a reversing pinion meshing with said reversing wheel, a
transmitting pinion meshing with said driving wheel and with said reversing

page_text: pinion, and an externally inserted cover for said base plate opening provided
with a spindle bearing in line with said top plate bore.
7. The combination with a frame having a non-rotative spindle bearing pro-
vided with a transverse bore or bores opening thereinto, two wheels, each of said
wheels being provided with a clutch, a spindle movable longitudinally relative
to said non-rotative spindle bearing and provided with a clutch or clutches.
adapted to engage said wheel clutches and to be out of engagement with both.
thereof, a projection or projections that mesh with said transverse bore or bores of
said non-rotative spindle bearing, and means to actuate said projection or pro-
jections to hold said spindle clutch or clutches out of engagement with said
wheel clutches.
8. The combination with a frame having a non-rotative spindle bearing pro-
vided with a transverse bore or bores opening thereinto, two wheels, each of said
wheels being provided with a clutch, a spindle movable longitudinally relative
to said non-rotative spindle bearing and provided with a clutch or clutches
adapted to engage said wheel clutches and to be out of engagement with both
thereof, and an independently movable stop-collar carrying a projection or
projections that. mesh with said transverse bore or bores of said non-rotative
spindle bearing, and means to actuate said projection or projections.
9. The combination of two wheels, one of said wheels being provided with a
clutch, a case carrying gearing adapted to rotate one of said wheels in the
opposite direction to the other thereof, said case having a relatively non-rotative
spindle bearing provided with a transverse bore or bores opening thereinto,
a spindle provided with a clutch or clutches to engage said wheel clutches and
adapted to be out of engagement with both thereof said spindle being longi-
tudinally movable relative to said non-rotative spindle bearing, and a stop screw
or screws located in said transverse bore or bores of said non-rotative spindle
bearing and adapted to hold said spindle from longitudinal movement therein.
10. The combination of two wheels, each of said wheels being provided with
a clutch, a case carrying gearing adapted to rotate one of said wheels in the
opposite direction to the other thereof, said case having a relatively non-rotative
spindle bearing provided with a transverse bore or bores opening thereinto, a.
spindle provided with a clutch or clutches adapted to engage said wheel clutches
and be out of engagement with both thereof, said spindle being longitudinally
movable relative to said non-rotative spindle bearing, and an independently
movable stop-collar carrying a projection or projections that mesh with said
transverse bore or bores of said non-rotative spindle bearing, and means to
actuate said projection or projections to hold said spindle from longitudinal
movement in said non-rotative spindle bearing.
11. The combination with a body having a socket to receive a tool and being
provided with body driving means to connect said body with a rotative driving
part and with tool driving means to connect said tool with said body to rotate
in unison therewith, of a center-piece movable longitudinally independently of
both of said driving means and provided with a tapered center adapted to mesh
with said tool, and means independent of said tool driving means to regulate
the outward longitudinal movement of said center-piece.
12. The combination with a body having a socket to receive a tool and being
provided with body driving means and with tool driving means, of a center-piece
that is movable longitudinally independently of both of said driving means and
provided with a tapered center adapted to mesh with said tool, said body and
said center-piece being provided the one with a lateral indenture or indentures
and the other with a corresponding projection or projections to coact therewith
to regulate the outward longitudinal movement of said center-piece.
13. The combination of a body having a socket to receive a tool and being
provided with means to connect said tool to rotate in unison with said body, of
a relatively longitudinally movable reversible center-piece having one of its

page_text: ends provided with a convex center and the other end. indented by a concave
center.
14. The combination of a body having a socket to receive a tool and being
provided with tool driving means to connect said tool to rotate in unison with
said body, of a center-piece having a tapered center to mesh with said tool, a
spring adapted to move said center-piece longitudinally, and means independent
of said tool driving means to limit the outward longitudinal movement of said
center-piece.
15. The combination with a body having a socket adapted to receive a tool
tool driving means to connect said tool to rotate in unison with said body, of a
center-piece located in the inner portion of said socket and having a tapered
center to mesh with said tool, a spring adapted to move said center piece longi-
tudinally, and an abutment provided in the side wall of said socket independent
of said tool driving means to limit the outward longitudinal movement of said
center-piece.
16. The combination of a body having an axial bore to receive a tool and a
transverse bore intersecting said axial bore, a center-piece movable axially of
said body in said axial bore, a perforated aligning-piece movable laterally of
said body in said transverse bore and provided with a clamping-screw, a plurality
of set-screws movable laterally of said body, the opposed inner ends of said set-
screws being adapted to enter said axial bore to engage said tool, and means to
limit the outward axial movement of said center-piece and permit said center-
piece and said aligning-piece to move axially and laterally respectively inde-
pendently of each other.
17. The combination of a body having a socket to receive a tool and provided
in the outer portion thereof with means to grip and align said tool, and a
plurality of set-screws movable laterally of said body and opening into the
inner portion of said socket, said body being provided with a sight-opening
intersecting said socket on the plane of said set-screws and passing laterally
through said body.
18. The combination of two wheels, a case carrying gearing adapted to rotate
said wheels in opposite directions, a spindle, a clutch connected therewith, one
of said wheels having a hub projecting from its outer face and an eccentrically
located clutch-pin-bearing extending longitudinally through from the inner to
the outer surface of said wheel and opening upon the outer face thereof beyond
the periphery of said hub, a clutch-pin located in said clutch-pin-bearing and
adapted to engage said spindle clutch, and another clutch connected with the
other of said wheels..
19. The combination of a case having integral top side and base plates and
provided with an opening into its gear-chamber, a driving wheel adapted to
pass through said opening and suitably journalled in said top plate, a reversing.
wheel having a hub extending from its outer face, each of said wheels being
provided with a clutch, a spindle having a clutch or clutches to engage said
wheel clutches, and a bushing surrounding said spindle and the hub of said revers-
ing wheel and adapted to close said opening in said case.
20. The combination of a driving friction disk and a friction driven body,
means to adjust the tension of the frictional contact of said disk and body,
means to preserve said tension at the degree adjusted, said disk and said body
being each provided with an aperture, and a positive locking-block to mesh
simultaneously with the said apertures of said disk and body.
21. The combination of a driving friction disk and a friction driven body,
means to adjust the tension of the frictional contact of said disk and body,
means to preserve said tension at the degree adjusted, said disk and said body
being each provided with a radial aperture, and a positive locking-block to
mesh simultaneously with said radial apertures of said disk and body.
22. The combination with a driving friction disk, a friction driven body having
an axial bore adapted to receive a tool, tool driving means to connect said tool

page_text: to said body to rotate in unison therewith, means independent of said tool driving
means to adjust the tension of the frictional contact of said disk and body, and
means to preserve said tension at the degree adjusted, of a center-piece longi-
tudinally movable independently of said tool driving means and provided with a
tapered center adapted to mesh with said tool, and means independent of said
tool driving means to limit the outward longitudinal movement of said center
piece.
23. The combination of a driving friction disk, a screw-threaded adjusting-
nut, a check washer interposed between said disk and nut, said nut and washer
being each provided with an opening to admit means to connect said disk with a
rotative driving part, a friction driven body having one of its ends provided with
a screw-threaded bore to mesh with said nut, said body and said check washer
being connected together to rotate in unison by a slip-joint that permits them
to move independently toward and from said disk, said body being also provided
with an axial bore to receive a tool, tool driving means to connect said tool to
said body to rotate in unison therewith, a center-piece longitudinally movable
independently of said tool driving means and provided with a tapered center
adapted to mesh with said tool and means independent of said tool driving
means to limit the outward longitudinal movement of said center-piece.
Dated this 2nd day of January 1899.
ALLISON BROS.,
Agents for the Applicant.