Year: 1885

page_text: We, THOMAS HOLCROFT and HAROLD HOLCROFT, both of Ettingshall Foundry,
Wolverhampton in the County of Stafford, ironfounders, and ALFRED HILL MOULD,
of Frost Street, Ettingshall, Wolverhampton, aforesaid, draughtsman, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the handles of saucepans and other
culinary utensils, such as stew-pans, to improved means of fixing the handles of
such utensils within sockets cast with the utensils, to an improvement in such
sockets for the purpose of strengthening them, and to a method of, and apparatus
employed in, forming the moulds for such sockets.
According to this invention, the handles are made of malleable cast iron, instead
of sheet metal as is usual: The moulds in which the handles are cast are cored
out so as to form the handles hollow; and the outer ends of the handles may be
cast close-ended of any suitable pattern, or one or more ornamental or other
openings may be formed through or near the end (or at any part) if desired. By
forming the handles of malleable cast iron, we are enabled to give them any entasis
or curvature, and thus considerably improve their appearance over the straight-
sided handles usually employed for the purpose, and to dispense with the
objectionable open joint which is incidental to the sheet metal handles.
A handle constructed as above described, may be fixed to a utensil in any
convenient manner, but we prefer to fix it by forming its inner end split along
two sides, and forming the socket of the usual character on the utensil but with
the bore of the hole therein enlarging inwards, and then inserting, base first,
a conical plug within such hole, the base of such plug being of just sufficient
diameter to pass through the smaller diameter of the hole, and finally driving the
handle into the socket. The split end of the handle spreads out between the
TD 0.77

page_text: interior of the socket and the plug, and consequently enlarges in diameter towards
the inner end of the hole, and thus is firmly fixed within the socket.
Sheet metal handles may be fixed to such utensils in the same manner.
In order to strengthen the outer end of the socket (which is obviously its point
of greatest strain) it is formed, according to this invention, with a belt or bead
therearound; and the formation of such belt or bead involves some modification of
the ordinary method of moulding the socket. This is effected, according to this
invention, by moulding the exterior of the socket up and down, instead of drawing
the pattern thereof end ways as is usually done; and in order to avoid the delay in
moulding which would be occasioned by forming the parting along each side of the
socket pattern, the lower half of the socket mould, and also the parting within the
box-part in which the body is moulded, is formed by a block shaped to such lower
half and parting, and having a shoulder to form a stop to such block upon the edge
of the body pattern, so as to fix its proper vertical position. Upon the removal of
this block, the ordinary socket pattern is placed within the partially formed socket
mould and the upper part rammed up in the "drag." On the removal of the
drag," the socket pattern is lifted out of the mould and the socket core inserted.
The block has, of course, a print thereon to form the lower part of the mould
which is to carry the socket core.
"

page_text: Improvements in Saucepans and other Culinary Utensils, and in
the Method and Apparatus Employed in the Manufacture of
Parts of such Utensils.
We, THOMAS HOLCROFT and HAROLD HOLCROFT, both of Ettingshall Foundry,
Wolverhampton in the County of Stafford, ironfounders, and ALFRED HILL MOULD,
of Frost Street, Ettingshall, Wolverhampton, aforesaid, draughtsman, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and the letters of
reference marked thereon (that is to say) :-
This invention relates to improvements in the handles of saucepans and other
culinary utensils, such as stew pans; to improved means of fixing the handles of
such utensils within sockets cast with the utensils; to an improvement in such
sockets for the purpose of strengthening them; and to methods of, and apparatus
employed in, forming the moulds for such sockets.
According to part of this invention, the handles are made of malleable cast iron,
instead of sheet metal as is usual. The moulds in which the handles are cast aré
cored out so as to form the handles hollow; and the outer ends of the handles may
be cast close-ended of any suitable pattern, or one or more ornamental or other
openings may be formed through or near the end (or at any part) if desired. By
forming the handles of malleable cast iron, we are enabled to give them any
entasis or curvature, and thus considerably improve their appearance over the
straight-sided handles usually employed for the purpose, and to dispense with the
objectionable open joint which is incidental to the sheet metal handles.
A handle constructed as above described may be fixed to a utensil in any
convenient manner, but we prefer to fix it by forming its inner end split along
two sides, and forming the socket of the usual character on the utensil but with
the bore of the hole therein enlarging inwards from a point about half way down,
and then inserting, base first, a conical plug within such hole, the base of such plug
'being of just sufficient diameter to pass through the smaller diameter of the hole,
and finally driving the handle into the socket. The split end of the handle
spreads out between the interior of the socket and the plug, and consequently
enlarges in diameter towards the inner end of the hole, and thus is firmly fixed
within the socket; or otherwise we prefer to form the inner end of the handle
plain but with a hole cast or drilled through its lower side in such position that
when the handle is driven into the socket such hole will come opposite to a
On the
corresponding hole cast or drilled through the lower side of the socket.
inner face of the socket, and opposite to the hole formed through the lower side
thereof, is formed a recess, and when the handle has been driven into the socket,

page_text: a punch is inserted through the holes in the socket and handle, respectively, and is
struck with a hammer or pressed under an ordinary screw press to dent part of
the metal of the upper side of the handle into the recess in the socket and thus
securely fix the handle.
Sheet metal handles may be fixed in both methods above described, being made
for such purpose in the ordinary way, except that, for the second method, the hole
through the underside is formed by punching out two half discs from the edges of
the blank previously to the handle being bent to a tubular shape. When sheet
metal handles are to be fixed according to the first method it is not necessary to
split their ends, as the ordinary open joint answers the purpose.
In order to strengthen the outer end of the socket (which is obviously its point
of greatest strain) it is formed, according to this invention, with a belt or bead
therearound, and the formation of such belt or bead involves some modification of
the ordinary method of moulding the socket. This is effected, according to one
modification of this part of our invention, by moulding the exterior of the socket
up and down, instead of drawing the pattern thereof endways as is usually done;
and in order to avoid the delay in moulding which would be occasioned by forming
the parting by hand along each side of the socket pattern, the lower half of the
socket mould, and also the parting within the box-part in which the body is
moulded, is formed by a block shaped to such lower half and parting, and having
a shoulder to form a stop to such block upon the edge of the body pattern, so as to
fix its proper vertical position. Upon the removal of this block, the ordinary
socket pattern is placed within the partially formed socket mould and the upper
part rammed up in the "drag." On the removal of the "drag," the socket pattern
is lifted out of the mould and the socket core inserted. The block has, of course,
a print thereon to form the lower part of the mould which is to carry the socket
core. Instead, however, of forming under the block a half socket pattern, the
socket pattern itself may be fitted up into the block so as to project half a pattern
below, and the pattern is in this case left in the mould as the block is raised
therefrom.
By another method of moulding the socket, according to this invention, an
ordinary socket pattern is employed, but with the bead fitted loosely thereto as
a ring around the core print. The mould is formed by the fingers or any simple
tool so as to part across the axis of the ring forming the bead pattern that is so as
to leave one semicircle of the ring in the lower part of the mould, and after the
drag" has been moulded up the socket pattern is withdrawn in the usual way,
but leaving the ring within the mould. The "drag" is then raised and the ring
can be readily removed.
"
By a further modification of moulding the socket, according to this invention,
the socket pattern is made plain, and is withdrawn from the mould in the ordinary
manner. A collapsible tool is then employed to form the bead within the mould.
This tool is formed in two parts hinged or jointed at their inner end and forced
outwards from one another by a spring inserted between them. The tool is
shaped so that when the halves are forced apart within the mould it fits within
the mould; and the tool is formed with a part of the shape of the intended bead
projecting from each half. The outer end of the tool projects from the socket
mould when the tool is inserted within the mould. The parts of the tool are
pinched together at their outer ends to collapse the tool for insertion into the
mould so that the projections may clear the mould, and when the tool is inserted
within the mould, the ends are left free, and the parts are sprung apart and fit
within the mould, and the projections are forced into the mould so as to leave their
impression therein. The tool is then turned axially to complete the mould for the
bead, after which it is again collapsed to remove it from the mould.
In order that our invention may be clearly understood we have annexed hereto
the accompanying drawings, which we will now describe.
'
:

page_text: Figure 1 is a transverse section through part of a saucepan, shewing the socket
and handle in longitudinal section, and illustrates a malleable cast iron handle
forming the subject of part of this invention, and also a means by which, according
to this invention, such handle is fixed to the saucepan, and also a method by
which, according to this invention, the socket is strengthened. A is the saucepan,
B the socket cast thereon. C the handle. Da taper plug within the socket;
and at a bead around the outer end of the socket. The handle C is cast hollow, as
shewn, by simply coring it out in a manner well understood, and for the sake of
appearance it is preferred to cast the handle close ended, as shewn, and also to a
curved shape in longitudinal section, as shewn. It will be seen that the bore of
the hole in the socket B follows the taper of the handle for about half way down
from the outer face of, the socket, when it enlarges towards its inner end.
taper plug D is formed with its larger end of a diameter to just slip through the
smaller diameter of the bore of the socket. The inner end of the handle is slit up
on each side, as shewn on one side by broken lines at b, such slits being preferably
cast in. The handle is fixed by driving down its inner end around the plug so
that the metal may spread outwards between the plug and the inwardly enlarging
taper of the socket. The bead a cast around the outer end of the socket adds
materially to the strength of the socket.
The
A sheet metal handle constructed in the ordinary manner may be fixed similarly
as the malleable cast iron handle, as previously explained.
Figure 4 illustrates a modification by which the handle shewn by figure 1, or by
which a sheet metal handle of the ordinary construction, may be fixed within the
socket. In this case a hole c is cast, drilled or punched, as the case may be and as
hereinbefore described, through the underside of the handle, and a corresponding
hole c is cast or drilled through the underside of the socket, and a recess d is
formed in the inner face of the socket at the upper side. To fix the handle, it is
driven within the socket until the hole c comes opposite to the hole c' and then a
punch is inserted through the holes c¹ and c, and by means of this punch the metal
of the upper side of the handle is dented into the recess d.
Figure 2 illustrates in side elevation, and figure 3 in end elevation, a method of
moulding the socket B (figure 1) so as to form the bead a thereon. E is a block
formed to fit upon the edge of the saucepan and to curve down below such edge so
as to form a parting down the centre of the socket mould. A half socket pattern B¹,
with a bead a' thereon, and half print e for the core are formed on the underside
of the block E, so that after the parting and the half socket have been moulded
and the block E and with it the parts B', a¹ and e projecting therefrom raised clear
of the mould, a full socket pattern and print (represented partly by full lines and
partly by broken lines figure 2) is dropped into the mould and the "drag" is placed
on the top box and the upper half of the socket mould rammed up in such "drag."
The "drag" is then removed and the socket pattern is lifted out of the mould, and
the socket core inserted. Instead of forming the parts B¹ and e solid with the
block E, the full pattern for the socket and print may be let up into the block E
(as shewn partly by full lines and partly by broken lines figure 2), and in this case
when the block is raised up the pattern is of course left in the mould ready for the
upper half to be rammed up in the "drag." The block E is raised by the part H
which acts as a handle thereto.
Figure 5 illustrates in section another method of moulding the socket according
to this invention. Fis.an ordinary socket pattern and f a loose ring around the
print g and forms the pattern for the bead around the socket. The socket is
moulded up in the usual manner, but an opening is formed through the top of the
sand so as to form a parting around the ring. This opening and parting is formed
by hand or with any simple tool. After the "drag has been moulded up the
socket pattern is withdrawn in the ordinary manner thus leaving the ring within
the mould, and thus after the "drag" has been lifted off the moulding box half of
the ring fis exposed and the lower half may be drawn out of the mould

page_text: Figures 6, 7 and 8 illustrate a collapsible tool employed, according to this
invention, to form the bead within the socket mould when such socket is first
moulded by a plain pattern withdrawn from the mould in the ordinary manner.
Figure 6 illustrates a side elevation of this tool, figure 7 an end view, and figure 8
a plan of the lower division of the tool with the upper division removed. G is the
upper division, and G¹ the lower division of this tool, the divisions being hinged
together at h. j is a spiral spring tending to keep the divisions apart at their outer
ends. The tool is shaped so that, when inserted within the socket mould and the
divisions pressed apart as far as the mould will allow, the exterior surface of the
tool fits within the socket and print mould, the ends k k projecting out from
the end of the mould. are projections formed on the divisions G G¹ and corre-
spond to the shape of the intended bead around the socket. Referring to the end
view, figure 7, it will be seen that these projections ll run out on to the surface of
the main part of the tool on each side. After the socket pattern has been with-
drawn the tool is pinched up at the ends k k so that the projections 11 may not rub
against the surface of the mould, and is then pushed endways into the mould and
allowed to expand within the mould; it is then turned axially and the projections //
form the mould for the bead, after which the tool is again collapsed and withdrawn
from the mould. m is a guide pin fixed to the division G¹ but capable of sliding
within the division G. The divisions G and G³ are preferably hollowed out, as
shewn, to reduce their weight.
The parts G G¹ may be hinged at their outer end, if desired, in which case,
however, the tool should be made longer than shewn in the illustration in order to
allow the hinged end to project sufficiently far from the mould to enable the parts
to be pinched together to collapse the tool.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. Tubular handles for saucepans and other culinary utensils cast in malleable
cast iron, substantially as herein described.
2. For a saucepan or other culinary utensil, a tubular handle having a closed
outer end cast therewith in one piece of malleable cast iron, substantially as herein
described.
3. For a saucepan or other culinary utensil, a tubular malleable cast iron handle
cast with an entasis, or oppositely curved sides, in longitudinal section, substan-
tially as herein described and shewn by figure 1 of the drawings herewith.
4. In a saucepan or other culinary utensil, a tubular handle fixed within a
socket cast with such utensil by means of a conical plug within a part of the
socket which is formed to enlarge inwards, substantially as herein described.
5. In a saucepan or other culinary utensil, a tubular handle fixed within a socket
cast with such utensil, by punching part of the metal of such handle into a recess
formed in the inner face of the socket, by means of a punch inserted for the purpose
through holes formed respectively through the side (preferably the underside) of the
socket and handle, substantially as herein described.
6. A strengthening belt or bead formed around the outer end of a handle socket
cast with a saucepan or other culinary utensil, substantially as herein described.
.
7. Moulding a handle socket having a strengthening belt or bead at the outer
end thereof, upon a saucepan or other culinary utensil, by the aid of a block to form
a parting along the centre of the socket mould, substantially as herein described and
for the purpose set forth.
8. Moulding a handle socket having a strengthening belt or bead at the outer
end thereof, upon a saucepan or other culinary utensil, by means of a loose ring
forming the belt or bead pattern, substantially as herein described.
9. Forming a belt or bead moulding within the socket mould of a saucepan or
other culinary utensil by means of a collapsible tool, substantially as herein described.

page_text: 10. The means by which a tubular handle for a saucepan or other culinary
utensil is fixed to such utensil, substantially as described with reference to figure 1
of the drawings herewith.
11. The means by which a tubular handle for a saucepan or other culinary
utensil is fixed to such utensil, substantially as described with reference to figure 4
of the drawings herewith.
12. The means and apparatus (according to two modifications) by which a handle
socket having a strengthening belt or bead around the outer end thereof, for a
saucepan or other culinary utensil, is moulded, substantially as described with
reference to figures 2 and 3 of the drawings herewith.
13. The means and apparatus by which a handle socket having a strengthen-
ing belt or bead around the outer end thereof, for a saucepan or other culinary
utensil, is moulded, substantially as described with reference to figure 5 of the
drawings herewith.
14. The collapsible tool, substantially as herein described with reference to
figures 6, 7 and 8, and for the purpose set forth.
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Agent for the Applicants.