Improvements in Milking Apparatus.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Sept., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 31st May, 1893-Accepted, 1st July, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Milking Apparatus.
I, WILLIAM MURCHLAND, of 13 Bank Street, Kilmarnock, in the County of
Ayr, North Britain Plumber, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows, that is to say :-
My said invention has for its object to further improve and render more
satisfactory the action of suction milking apparatus such as is described in my
Patent Specification, No. 15210 of 1889, or other suction milking apparatus ;
and
my present improvements have more particularly to do with the teat cups upon the
action of which the continued satisfactory working of the apparatus very much
depends.
In carrying out my present invention I make a teat cup partly as described in my
Patent Specification No. 9814 of 1891, that is with the top of the inner tube (of
rubber or other suitable flexible material) made with a hollow annular enlargement,
having extending inwards from it an annular diaphragm or lip of tapering
thickness and presenting a soft elastic membrane for contact with the cow's udder.
A little below the enlargement the inner flexible tube has a series of small holes
formed in a circle round it, and the suction acting through these holes tends to
draw outwards the neck of the teat close to the udder and to thereby prevent
that part of the teat from being drawn too far into the cup and choking. The
inner flexible tube, as I now have it made, has no more holes in it excepting one at
the bottom pointed end. All the milk passes through the single bottom hole
which is made of a particular size (about th inch diameter or a little larger or
smaller to suit the class or breed of cows to be milked) this hole by its size
serving as a regulator. In cases in which the milk flows freely, the free flow tends
to make the suction act less strongly on the teat because of the smallness of the
hole; whilst in cases in which the milk flows less freely the hole is less completely
filled and the suction acts on the teat with more nearly its full force.
The sides of the inner flexible tube between the bottom point and the upper
circle of holes are made of considerable thickness, and the metal cup is made of a
size such that. the inner flexible tube quite or nearly fills it excepting at the
bottom. This prevents the inner tube and with it the teat from being too much
expanded by the suction. Grooves are formed along the outside of the inner
flexible tube to allow the suction to communicate with the upper circle of holes ;
and an internal channel or enlargement is formed in the metal cup round the part
where the holes are, to insure equal action all round.
Dated this Thirty-first day of August 1892.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Milking Apparatus.
1, WILLIAM MURCHLAND, of 13, Bank Street, Kilmarnock, in the County of
Ayr; North Britain, Plumber, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
'ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say :-
:-
My said invention has for its object to further improve and render more
satisfactory the action of suction milking apparatus such as is described in my
Patent Specification No. 15210 of 1889, or other suction milking apparatus
Price 8d.1
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and

page_text: my present improvements have more particularly to do with the teat cups upon
the action of which the continued satisfactory working of the apparatus very
much depends.
In carrying out my present, invention I make a teat cup partly as described in
my Patent Specification No. 9814 of 1891, that is with the top of the inner tube (of
rubber or other suitable material) made with a hollow annular enlargement,
having extending inwards from it an annular diaphragm or lip of tapering
thickness' and presenting, a soft elastic membrane for contact with the cow's udder.
But instead of making perforations at various parts of the inner tube as formerly
I make a single perforation at the bottom of the tube for the issue of the milk,
and. I arrange so that, the suction will tend to draw outwards the neck of the teat
close to the udder and to thereby prevent that part of the teat from being drawn
too far into the cup and choking. I also make the sides of the inner tube of
considerable thickness; and the metal cup, when used, is made of a size such that
the inner tube quite or nearly fills it, excepting at the bottom. This prevents the
inner tube and with it the teat from being too much expanded by the suction.
And. in order that my said invention and the manner of performing the same
may be properly understood I hereunto append a sheet of explanatory drawings to
be, hereinafter referred to in particularly explaining my improvements.
Figures, 1, 3, and, 5, of the drawings are vertical sections of modifications of my
improved teat cups. Figure, 2, is an elevation of an inner tube; and Figure, 4, is
a cross section as at AA of Figure, 3. In these drawings the same reference
letters are used to mark the same or like parts wherever they are repeated..
In the modification shown in Figures, 1, and, 2, the outer cup, B, made of thin
metal and provided with a stopcock, C, has placed within it a tube, D, of rubber
or other suitable flexible material. The top of the inner tube, D, is formed with a
hollow annular enlargement, E, having extending inwards from it a lip, F, of
tapering thickness. The enlargement, E, rests on the enlarged upper end, G, of
the metal cup, B, which part, G, has formed internally in it a groove, H, serving a
purpose hereinafter explained. Below the enlargement, E, the inner tube, D, has
formed through it a series of holes, J, through which the suction acts on the
neck of the teat tending to, draw it outwards and preventing it from being drawn
too far into the tube. The sides of the inner tube, D, are made of considerable
thickness and so as to fill or nearly fill the metal cup, B; grooves, K, are
however formed along the outside of the inner tube, D, to allow the suction to act
in the neck holes, J, uniformity of action all round being secured by the internal
groove, H, formed round the upper part, G, of the metal cup, B. In order to
obtain the described outward suction on the neck of the teat, it is not absolutely
necessary to have the holes, J, as, if the material of the tube, D, is at that part
sufficiently thin or pliable the suction acting on the outside of that part will be
effective in drawing out the neck of the teat. In Figure, 3, the inner tube, D, is
shown as made without the holes, J.
The inner tube, D, has no more holes in it excepting one, L, at the bottom
pointed end. All the milk passes through the single bottom hole, L, which is
made of a particular size (about 4th inch diameter or a little larger or smaller to
suit the class or breed of cows to be milked) this hole by its size serving as a
regulator. In cases in which the milk flows freely, the free flow tends to make the
suction act less strongly on the teat because of the smallness of the hole; whilst
in cases in which the 'milk flows less freely the hole is less completely filled and
the suction.acts on the teat with more nearly its full force.
In the modification, shown in Figures, 3, and 4, the sides of the inner tube, D,
are made without grooves (K) but the metal cup, B, is made with corrugated or
fluted sides, as best.seen in Figure, 4, the concave parts of which allow the suction
to get access to the internal circular groove, H, in the upper part, G, of the cup.
Instead of combining an outer metal cup (B) with an inner tube (D) of rubber
or like material, the inner tube, or the tube, D, applied immediately to the cow's
teat may be made thick enough or otherwise strong enough not to require an

page_text: external metal cup. When thus made, as shown in Figure, 5, the tube, D, has
formed in its thickness passages, M, allowing the suction to act upon the neck of
the teat. An outer nozzle, N, is also formed at the bottom, to which nozzle a
stopcock (C) can be attached.
Instead of the parts round the neck of the tube, D, being made accessible to
the suction in the modes herein before described, the tube, D, or the metal cup, B,
may be formed with a circular passage (such as H) which is made by a single
passage or external pipe to communicate with the bottom of the cup, B, or with
the stopcock, C.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improved teat cup or teat tube substantially as hereinbefore described
and shown in the accompanying drawings; the essential novel features being the
application of suction to the neck of the teat, the single comparatively small
outlet for the milk from the teat tube, and the making of the sides of the teat
tube of considerable thickness and to fill or nearly fill the metal cup, or the
making of the sides of the teat tube thick enough or strong enough to dispense
with an outer metal cup.
2. In a teat cup or teat tube for suction milking apparatus the improved
construction for applying suction to the neck of the teat as and for the purposes
herein before described.
Dated this Thirtieth day of May 1893.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.