A New and Improved Food for Animals, and the Method of and Apparatus for Manufacturing the same.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Feb., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 5th Oct., 1897-Accepted, 1st Jan., 1898
66
A New and Improved Food for Animals, and the Method of and
Apparatus for Manufacturing the same.
"
I, BOHUMIL HORSKÝ, of 66 Wenzelsplatz, Prague (Bohomnia) in the Empire of
Austria, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:--
This invention relates to an improved food for animals, and the method of
producing the same, and to apparatus employed therein.
Much of the wasto and refuse of mills and other factories as well as certain
natural products containing a large proportion of starch could be better utilised
and a greater use found for them, if they were combined in proper proportions,
brought into a proper form and made capable of being preserved. It is besides
a well known fact that attempts have often been made to find a substitute for oats
in order to supply a constantly increasing demand for food for horses and other
animals and to make said substitute ("artificial outs") more compact than
natural oats in consequence of their being richer than natural oats, and more
suitable for being kept a long time, so na to enable large stores of such oats
to be kept for emerginces.
If substances containing carbohydrate (such for instance as leguminous plants
various kinds of corn, waste from flour mills and rice shelling) are ground and
mixed with substances rich in protein (such for instance as waste occurring in the
manufacture of agricultural produce starch, oil, sugar, etc) and with some pleasant
tasting or flavouring substances (for instance corn flour, bran, ground oats for
the sake of their contents in avenin) then not only cattle but even horses readily
eat this excellent food when mixed with natural outs.
In views of the above facts I prepare an artificial food for animals (mainly
"artificial oats" for horses) in the following manner.
The raw materials of the above mentioned kind containing carbohydrates and
protein which can be obtained very cheaply at the places where they are produced
are first very finely ground or crushed, which may be effected either in milla by
rollers stumping devices distintegrators ets. The materials thus separately ground
are passed through a sieve and then mixed in a dry state with each other in
suitable proportions, the following proportions having been found to be very
suitable in most cases
60 parts by weight of material containing carbohydrate.
30
"
10
"
""
"
protein.
of some pleasant tasting appetising substance.
Of course the proportions of one or other material may vary within certain
limits according to the substances employed their quality and price.
The mixture is then mixed with a suitable quantity of water and placed in a
strong kneading machine where it is mixed and kneaded till the paste becomes
homogenous and stiff and this paste then forms the main material from which
the lesired food stuff is prepared in any desired form.

page_text: In order to prepare it in the form of strips or plates (for dogs etc) or in the
shupe of gruins the paste is either forced by means of a strong worm or screw
between two rotating rollers (which are formed with recesses corresponding to
the form in which it is to be produced) or it is first formed in a pressing machine
into plates or strips of such thickness as required for the final shape of the product
(cakes or grains) and then introduced between the recessed rollors.
The paste particles formed by the machine are then preferably dried in a drying
chamber or on sieves or wickerwork so as to cause round each particle a kind of
crust to be formed as in bread or the like.
This operation serves partly to increase the keeping quality of the material
by sterilising it in the heat and partly to provent separate grains from clotting
together and forming indigestible lumps in the stomach of the animal. And more-
over horses particularly prefer such crisp food to a food that quickly and easily
softens in the mouth.
After the particles have been separated by sieving a new nutritious product is
obtained which all animals eat very readily and which according to analysis
contains at least 20 to 30 % more nourishing substance than for instance natural
oats. As the substance is sterilised and is not hygroscopic it can he kept for a
very long time and is cheaper than natural oats.
I will describe an apparatus serving shiefly for the manufacture of the food:
stuff in the shape of grains ("artificial oats"). The apparatus is mainly consti-
tuted by two (hollow and steam heated if desired) rotating rollers which are
provided with recesses on their surface.
The paste is introduced into a hopper which is mounted on a cylindrical tubo
or receiver. The latter terminates in the front end in a narrow outlet or slot and
is provided with a worm driven by bevel gearing. In this way the paste is forced
out of the tube through the outlet and leaves said tube in the shape of a strip or
band which is seized by two rollers rotating in opposite directions and is pressed
into the recessed mould which have the shape of grains. Thus grains are formed
in the mould said grains either falling down directly or are scraped off by scrapers
secured to the frame. The rollers are rotated by means of belt-pulleys and
toothed wheels.
Dated this 2nd day of liebruary 1897
BOULT & WADE
Agents for the Applicant.
"A New and Improved Food for Animals and the Method of and
Apparatus for Manufacturing the same."
I BOHUMIL HORSKÝ of 66 Wenzelsplatz, Prague (Bohemia) in the Empire of
Austria, Merchant do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to an improved food for animals, and the method of
producing the same, and to apparatus employed therein.
Much of the waste and refuse of mills and other factories as well as certuin
natural products containing a large proportion of starch could be better utilised
and a greater use found for them, if they were combined in proper proportions,
brought into a proper form and made capable of being preserved. It is, besides,
a well known fact that attempts have often been made to find a substitute for oats
in order to supply a constantly increasing demand for food for horses and other

page_text: animals and to make said substituto ("artificial oats") more compact than
natural oats in consequence of their being richer than natural oats, and more
suitable for being kept a long time, so as to enable large stores of such oats
to be kept for emergencies.
16
"
If substances containing carbohydrates (such for instance as leguminous plants,
various kinds of corn, waste from flour mills and rice shellings &o) are ground and
mixed with substances rich in protein (such for instance as wasto occuring in tho
manufacture of agricultural produce, starch, oil, sugar, etc) and with some pleasant
tasting or flavouring substances (for instance, corn flour, brun, ground oats-for
the sake of their contents in avenin), then not only cattle but even horses readily
eat this excellent food when mixed with natural oats.
In view of the above facts I prepare an artificial food for animals (mainly
"artificial onts" for horses) in the following manner.
The raw materials of the above mentioned kind containing carbohydrates, und
protein which can be obtained very cheaply at the places where they are produced,
are first very finely ground or crushed, which may be effected either in mills, by
rollers, stamping devices, disintegrators etc. The materials thus separately ground
are passed through a siove and then mixed in a dry state with each other in
suitable proportions, the following proportions and materials having been found
to be very suitable in most cases:
60 parts by weight of material containing carbohydrates as for instance waste
from mills, or rice shelling factories.
30 parts by weight of material containing protein, as ground oil cake, or waste
from rice starch factory.
10 parts by weight of some pleasant-tasting appetising substance, such as corn
flour.
Of course the proportions of one or other material may vary within certain
limits according to the substances employed, their quality and price.
The mixture is then mixed with a suitable quantity of water and placed in a
strong kneading machine where it is mixed and kneaded till the paste becomes
homogenous and stiff, and this paste then forms the main material from which
the desired foodstuff is prepared in any desired form.
In order to prepare it in the form of strips or plates (for dogs etc.) or in the
shape of grains, the paste is either forced by means of a strong worm or screw
between two rotating rollers (which are formed with recesses corresponding to
the form in which it is to be produced or it is first formed in a pressing machine
into plates or strips of such thickness as required for the final shape of the product
(cakes or grains) and then introduced between the recessed rollers.
The paste-grains or cake formed are then preferably dried in a drying
chamber or on sieves or wickerwork so as to cause round cach particle a kind of
crust to be formed as in bread or the like.
This operation serves partly to increase the keeping quality of the material
by sterilising it in the heat aud partly to prevent separate grains from clotting
together and forming indigestible lumps in the stomach of the animal. More
over horses, particularly, prefer such crisp food to a food that quickly and easily,
softena in the month.
After the particles have been separated by sieving, a new nutritious product is
obtained which all animals eat very readily and which, according to analysis,
contains at least 20-30 % more nourishing substance, than, for instance, natural
oats. As the substance is sterilised and is not hygroscopic, it can be kept for a
very long time and is cheaper than natural oats.
The accompanying drawing illustrates an apparatus serving chiefly for the
manufacture of the food stuff in the shape of grains ("artificial oats)". Tho
apparatus is mainly constituted by two rotating rollers (hollow and steain heated
if desired) which are provided with recesses on their surface.
Fig. 1 shows the apparatus in front-elevation, partly in section, Fig. 2 is a sido

page_text: -
Improved Food for Animals, and Apparatus for Manufacturing the same.
elevation seen from the back and Fig. 3 a section on line of Fig. 1, and
Fig. 4 is a plan partly in section.
The paste is introduced into a hopper which is mounted on a cylindrical tube
or receiver b. The latter terminates in the front end in a narrow outlet or slot o
and is provided with a worm d driven by bevel gearing e. In this way the paste
is forced out of the tube through the outlet c aud leaves said tube in the shape
of a strip or band which is seized by two rollers A B rotating in opposite directions
and is pressed into the recessed moulds which have the shape of half grains.
Thus grains are formed in the moulds r said grains either falling down directly or
are removed by scrapers f secured to the frame. The rollers A and B are rotated
by means of belt-pulleys g h and toothed wheels i k.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
învention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declaro that what
I claim is:-
1. A process for manufacturing artificial food for animals, consisting in grinding
about 60% of substances containing carbohydrates about 30% of substances
containing protein, and about 10% of flavouring or appetising substances, such
as corn flour or bran, thoroughly mixing and kneading them with water to a
homogeneous paste, the desired shape being given to said paste by pressing it
between recessed heated rollers, so that the final product is provided on its onier
surface with a crust or hardened surface substantially as described.
2. Apparatus for use in the manufacture of artificial food as described in
Claim 1, comprising two rollers (heated or not) rotating in opposite directions)
which are provided on their surfaces with recesses corresponding in shape to the
form of the artificial food to be produced, the paste to be treated being forced
between these rollers from a receiver by means of a worm arranged therein,
substantially as described.
3. A new artificial food for animals in the form of grains or cakes and consisting
of a mixture of substances containing nourishing substances and provided with a
crust or hardened surface substantially as described.
4. The combination and arrangement of parts forming an apparatus for use
in the manufacture of food for animals substantially as described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 5th day of October 1897.