Improvements in the Manufacture of the Buffer Shoes of Railway Wagons and Trucks.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Mar., 1899
Complete.Specification Left, 24th Nov., 1899-Accepted, 30th Dec., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of the Buffer Shoes of Railway
Wagons and Trucks.
We, JABEZ LONES and EDWARD HOLDEN, trading as Lones, Vernon and Holden,
of Sandwell Iron and Axle Works, Smethwick, in the County of Stafford, Manu-
facturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Buffer shoes of railway wagons and trucks consist of a shoe or seat proper in
which the end of the laminated bow spring of the buffer takes and a square
socket at right angles thereto for the shank part of the buffer rod to work in.
Buffer shoes are ordinarily made in one piece by casting or of two pieces of
wrought iron welded together. In the latter case the bottom of the wrought
iron socket is welded to the flat face of the wrought iron shoe or seat proper.
By making wrought iron buffer shoes in this way the socket is liable to be
separated by the working of the buffer ram from the shoe or seat.
In manufacturing buffer shoes according to our invention we form the principal
part of the shoes from rolled pieces or blanks of wrought iron or steel of the
kind hereinafter described and we weld to the rolled cut off pieces or blanks
separate parts to form the square socket as hereinafter described.
We roll in ordinary grooved rolls from a heated billet of wrought iron or
steel a long bar having in cross section the figure of the shoe or seat proper, in
which the bow spring seats itself, and also having on its flat inner face two
deep projecting cheeks or stalks at right angles thereto, to which the separate
parts to form the square socket are afterwards to be, welded. These cheeks or
stalks are rolled in an outwardly inclined position during the early stages of
the rolling operation but as the bar approaches completion the_said, inclined
cheeks or stalks are forced inwards so as to bring them parallel. From the long
bar thus rolled a series of short pieces of about four inches long is cut from the
bar by transverse cuts or divisions, cach blank or cut off piece constituting the
shoe or seat proper, and also forming upright supports to which the square socket
is to be welded.
Having cut away by a curved cut about one half of each of the parallel cheeks
or stalks described of the blank, the partly made shoe is ready to have welded
to it the square socket part.
We make the socket part either of two pieces of unequal or equal sided channel
iron or steel placed with their concave faces together so as to form a square
tube; or of two similar angle bars placed together so as to form a square tube;
and we arrange the tube thus made between the cheeks, stalks or supports of
the cut off piece or blank described and weld the several parts together in dies
operated by a stamp or press and thereby complete the shoe.
By this welding operation the parts of which the socket of the shoe are formed
are welded together and to the cheeks or stalks described and also to the base

page_text: or inner face of the shoe proper, and a very efficient connection of the parts
together effected.
Instead of using bars of angle iron or channel iron to form the square socket
as described, flat pieces of wrought iron or steel may be welded to the cheeks
or stalks and to the base of the shoe to form the socket; and instead of rolling
two cheeks or stalks on the bar to be cut into short lengths or blanks, one cheek
or stalk only may be rolled; or a solid block in the position of the two cheeks
or stalks may be rolled on the bar which block is slotted or partly cut away
longitudinally so as to leave two parallel cheeks or stalks of the kind herein
first described.
Or instead of rolling a double cheeked or stalked bar from which to cut
transversely blanks therefrom as described, bars having the sectional figure of
one longitudinal half of the double cheeked or stalked bar may be rolled. By
placing two blanks cut from the last described or longitudinal bar and welding
together edge to edge, a double cheeked or stalked blank of the kind first
described is produced, which is finished by the addition thereto of a socket, the
welding of the socket parts and the longitudinal halves of the blank being effected
preferably by the same operation.
Dated this Fifteenth day of March 1899.
-
i
Improvements in the Manufacture of the Buffer Shoes of Railway
Wagons and Trucks.
We, JABEZ LONES and EDWARD HOLDEN, trading as Lones, Vernon and Holden,
of Sandwell Iron and Axle Works, Smethwick, in the County of Stafford, Manu-
facturers, do hereby declare the nature of our invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
Buffer shoes of railway wagons and trucks consist of a shoe or seat proper in
which the end of the laminated bow spring of the buffer takes and a square
socket at right angles thereto for the shank part of the buffer rod to work in.
-
Buffer shoes are ordinarily made in one piece by casting or of two pieces of
wrought iron welded together. In the latter case the bottom of the wrought
.iron socket is welded to the flat face of the wrought iron shoe or seat proper.
By making wrought iron buffer shoes in this way the socket is liable to be
separated by the working of the buffer ram from the shoe or seat.
In manufacturing buffer shoes according to our invention we form the principal
part of the shoes from rolled pieces or blanks of wrought iron or steel of the
kind hereinafter described and we weld to the rolled cut off pieces or blanks 4
separate parts to form the square socket as hereinafter described.
We roll in ordinary grooved rolls from a heated billet of wrought iron or
steel a long bar having in cross section the figure of the shoe or seat proper, in
which the bow spring seats itself, and also having on its flat inner face two
deep projecting cheeks or stalks at right angles thereto, to which the separate
parts to form the square socket are afterwards to be welded. These cheeks or
stalks are rolled in an outwardly inclined position during the early stages of
the rolling operation but as the bar approaches completion the said inclined
cheeks or stalks are forced inwards so as to bring them parallel. From the long

page_text: bar thus rolled a series of short pieces of about four inches long is cut from the
bar by transverse cuts or divisions, each blank or cut off piece constituting the
shoe or seat proper, and also forming upright supports to which the square socket
is to be welded.
Having cut away by a curved cut about one half of each of the parallel cheeks
or stalks described of the blank, the partly made shoe is ready to have welded
to it the square socket part.
We make the socket part either of two pieces of unequal or equal sided channel
iron or steel placed with their concave faces together so as to form a square
tube; or of two similar angle bars placed together so as to form a square tubé;
and we arrange the tube thus made between the cheeks, stalks or supports of
the cut off piece or blank described and weld the several parts together in dies
operated by a stamp or press and thereby complete the shoe.
By this welding operation the parts of which the socket of the shoe are formed
are welded together and to the cheeks or stalks described and also to the base
or inner face of the shoe proper and a very efficient connection of the parts
together effected.
Instead of using hars of angle iron or channel iron to form the square socket
as described, flat pieces of wrought iron or steel may be welded to the cheeks
or stalks and to the base of the shoe to form the socket. and instead of rolling
two cheeks or stalks on the bar to be cut into short lengths or blanks, one cheek
or stalk only may be rolled.
Or instead of rolling a double cheeked or stalked bar from which to cut
transversely blanks therefrom as described, bars having the sectional figure of
one longitudinal half of the double cheeked or stalked bar may be rolled. By
placing two blanks cut from the last described or longitudinal half bar and welding
them together edge to edge, a double cheeked or stalked blank of the kind first
described is produced, which is finished by the addition thereto of a socket, the
welding of the socket parts and the longitudinal halves of the blank being effected
preferably by the same operation.
We will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying draw-
ings the manner in which our invention is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in end elevation and side elevation a long rolled bar
of wrought iron or steel which is cut up transversely at the dotted lines to form
a series of blanks or short pieces to be used in the manufacture according to our
invention of buffer shoes. Each blank or cut off piece consists of the shoe or
seat a proper in which the buffer spring takes and two parallel projecting cheeks
or stalks b, b at right angles thereto to which cheeks or stalks the separate parts
hereinafter described are welded to form the square socket of the shoe.
The long bar Figure 1 is rolled in a pair of rolls having grooves of the kind
represented in vertical section in Figure 2. The heated billet of wrought iron
or steel is passed in succession through the grooves 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 the
last or finishing groove 8 perfecting the bar and giving it the sectional figure
represented in Figure 1. It will be seen by an examination of Figure 2 that
the cheeks or stalks b, b of the bar are rolled in an outwardly inclined position
during the early stages of the rolling operation but as the bar approaches com-
pletion the said inclined cheeks or stalks are forced inwards and brought parallel
to one another as represented.
In making a buffer shoe from one of the blanks or pieces cut from the rolled
bar Figure 1 we proceed as follows. We take the blank represented in the
enlarged end elevation and side elevation Figure 3 and plan Figure 4 and we
cut away by a curved cut about one half of each of the parallel cheeks 6, 6 as
represented at Figure 5. We take two pieces of unequal sided channel iron
and arrange their concave faces together and fit them between the cheeks or
talks b, b so as to form a square tube within the said cheeks and at the same
time close the ends of the cheeks as represented in perspective in Figure 6
where the unequal sided pieces of channel iron are marked c, c. Or we take

page_text: two pieces of equal sided channel iron and arrange them in the same manner
between the cheeks b, bas represented in perspective in Figure 7 and horizontal
section in Figure 8 where the pieces of equal sided channel iron are marked d, d;
Figure 9 represents one of the pieces of equal sided channel iron separately. "Or
we make the square tube of the socket of two pieces of angle iron arranged
between the cheeks b, b in the manner represented in Figure 10 where the pieces
of angle iron are marked e, e. Or in place of the channel iron cord or the
angle iron e two flat pieces of wrought iron or steel may be arranged at the ends
of the cheeks and welded thereto.
The separate pieces to form the socket part of the shoe having been arranged
and supported between the cheeks b, b in the manner represented the several
parts are welded together in dies operated by a stamp or press. That is, the parts
of the socket are welded together and to the cheeks b, b and also to the base or
inner face of the shoe proper a. The buffer shoe is thereby completed.
Instead of using a bar provided with parallel or double cheeks or stalks as
described and illustrated, bars having the sectional figure of one longitudinal
half of the double cheeked bar may be rolled as represented in Figure 11, two
of the cut off pieces Figure 11 being welded together base to base so as to form
a double stalked or cheeked blank of the kind represented in Figures 3 and 4.
This modified partly made shoe is finished by the addition of a socket thereto,
the welding together of the several parts and the longitudinal halves of the
blank being effected preferably by the same operation.
A bar having the sectional figure of one of the cheeks and a portion of the
shoe proper may be rolled and cut into lengths or blanks, a separate plate to
form the base or inner part of the shoe being fitted in grooves in the said
separate cheeks and welded thereto. A rolled bar of this kind is represented in
cross section and side elevation in Figure 12 and the rolls by which this bar is
rolled are represented in section in Figure 13, the billet of wrought iron.or
steel to form the bar Figure 12 being passed in succession through the grooves 9,
10, 11 and 12 of the rolls. In the bar Figure 12 the cheek part is marked b and
the enlargement or shoe proper is marked a the latter being grooved at a
In making buffer shoes by the use of blanks or pieces cut off transversely from
the bar Figure 12 we proceed as follows:-
We take the cut off blank represented in the enlarged view Figure 14 and
remove a portion of its cheek at Figure 15. We take two of the prepared
blanks Figure 15 and place them at the proper distance apart side by side and
insert into their grooves a the separato base plate f represented in Figure 16.
We then arrange between the two connected cheeks two pieces of channel iron d,d
of the kind represented in Figure 17, (or the other channel iron or angle iron or
the separate plates herein before described) to form the socket of the shoe as
represented in perspective in Figure 18 and cross section in Figure 19, where
the two separate cheeks are marked b, b the separate base plate is marked f and
the channel iron is marked d, d. By a welding operation. the several parts, a,
b, b, d, d and f are welded together and a buffer shoe and its socket formed.
Figure 20 represents the rolls which we prefer to employ for rolling the equal
sided channel iron represented in Figure 21 which we use in carrying our inven-
tion into effect. The billet to form the channel iron Figure 21 is passed in
succession through the grooves 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17 of the rolls Figure 20.
To roll the unequal sided channel iron Figure 22 or the angle iron Figure 23
the grooves in the rolls Figure 20 have the forms proper to produce the said channel
and angle iron.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that we claim
as our invention of "Improvements in the manufacture of the buffer shoes of
railway wagons and trucks":—
First;—Making the principal part of the said shoes from rolled cut off pieces

page_text: or blanks having in cross section the figure of the shoe or seat proper and also
having on their flat inner faces two projecting parallel cheeks or stalks at right
angles thereto, to which cheeks or stalks separate parts to form the square
socket of the shoe are welded substantially as herein before described and illus-
trated in Figures 1, 3, 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings, the rolled bar
from which the shoe blanks are cut transversely being shaped in rolls preferably
of the kind herein before described and illustrated in Figure 2 of the accompany-
ing drawings.
Secondly; Making the principal part of the said shoes from rolled cut off
pieces or blanks of wrought iron or steel having in cross section the figure of a
longitudinal half of the double cheeked or stalked cut off pieces referred to in
the first claim and welding together two of the said longitudinal half pieces at
the edges of their base parts so as to form a double cheeked or stalked blank
substantially as herein before described and illustrated in Figure 11 of the accom-
panying drawings.
Thirdly: Making the principal part of the said shoes from rolled cut off pieces
or blanks of wrought iron or steel having in cross section the figure of one cheek
or stalk and a slotted portion of the base of the shoe and welding to the slotted
base parts of two of these cheeks or stalks a base plate or seat substantially as
herein before described and illustrated in Figures 12, 14, 16 and 18 of the accom-
panying drawings, the rolled bar from which the said single cheeked blanks are
cut being shaped in rolls preferably of the kind herein before described and
illustrated in Figure 13 of the accompanying drawings.
Lastly; Making the square socket parts of buffer shoes by welding to
cheeked or stalked out off pieces or blanks of the kinds claimed in the prior
claims, unequal or equal sided channel iron or steel or angle iron or bars or flat
pieces of iron or steel substantially as herein before described and illustrated in
Figures 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 17, 18 and 19 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated the Twentieth day of November 1899.
JABEZ LONES,
EDWARD HOLDEN.