AN IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT AND COMBINATION OF CERTAIN PARTS OF STEAM ENGINES USED FOR STEAM NAVIGATION
Year: 1841

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
MILLER, of Monastry Cottage, East India Road, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS I did by petition humbly represent unto Her present most
Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, that after considerable application and
expence I had invented "AN IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT AND COMBINATION OF CERTAIN
PARTS OF STEAM ENGINES USED FOR STEAM NAVIGATION," and Her said Majesty being
willing to give encouragement to all arts and inventions which may be for for
the public good, was graciously pleased, by Her Royal Letters Patent under the
Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-ninth day of September, One thousand eight hundred
and forty-one, in the fifth year of Her reign, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, to give and grant unto me, the said Joseph Miller, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I or they, by myself or themselves, or by my or their deputies,
servants, or agents, or such others as I or they should agree with, and no
others, during the term of fourteen years from the date of the said Letters
Patent, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend my said In-
vention within that part of Her said Majesty's Dominions called England, Her
Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in such manner as to me,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, shall seem mnect, and as that I or they
shall enjoy the whole profit and advantage arising by reason of the said Inven-
tion during the said term of fourteen years; and for that end Her said Majesty
requires and strictly commands all Her subjects whatsoever, within England,

page_text: Wales, and Berwick-upon-Tweed aforesaid, that they shall not, neither directly
or indirectly, make, use, or put in practice my said Invention, or any part
thereof, nor in anywise counterfeit, imitate, or resemble the same, nor make
any addition thereto or subtraction therefrom, whereby to pretend himself or
themselves to be the inventor or inventors thereof: And whereas the said
Letters Patent contain a proviso obliging me, the said Joseph Miller, particu-
larly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, and to cause the same. to be inrolled in Her Majestic's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent, as in and by the same (reference being there-
unto had) will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Joseph Miller, do hereby declare that my said Invention is described and
ascertained in manner following, and by the aid of the three Sheets of Drawings
hereunto annexed, that is to say :-
My said improved arrangement and combination of certain parts of steam
engines used for steam navigation relates to a particular class or kind of such
steam engines wherein two steam cylinders are disposed beneath the rotative
axis of the cranks, and suitable cap-pieces, which are fastened on the upper
ends of the two piston rods, are jointed to the lower ends of two connecting rods,
which rods are jointed at their upper ends to the pins of the cranks, in order to
communicate a rotatory motion to those cranks and to their axis, in conse-
quence of the alternate up-and-down motion of each of the piston rods being
transmitted by intervention of their respective connecting rods to the pins of the
cranks so as to give rotatory motion to the cranks and to their axis without
intervention of other parts or joints than those of the said connecting rods
between the aforesaid cap-pieces of the piston rods and the pins of the cranks.
The parts of steam engines of the aforesaid class or kind to which my said
improved arrangement and combination relates are the steam cylinders, the
air pumps, and the condensors; and my. said improved arrangement and com-
bination of those said parts consists in arranging the two condensers and the
two steam cylinders (each of those said parts in respect to the other parts), so
that the two condensers being formed in one vessel with a partition to separate
its internal capacity into two (or the two condensers being so united as to be
equivalent to one vessel, with such a partition), the said condensers will fill up
all the space between the two steam cylinders, the two air pumps being within
the two condensers respectively, and those condensers and the steam cylinders
applying one to the other with lateral contact of suitably formed vertical surfaces

page_text: extending up and down the whole or nearly the whole height of the condensers,
and extending an equal height up and down the height or length of the
cylinders, so as that the said vertical surfaces of the condensers which are in
such contact with the corresponding vertical surfaces of the cylinders can
be firmly united together, each such surface to the other, by screw bolts or other
suitable or equivalent means of uniting surfaces which are in contact, in order
that all the aforesaid parts-namely, the two steam cylinders, two condensers,
and two air pumps-may, by means of the contact and union of such vertical
surfaces, be firmly united into one combination or mass, wherein each of the
said parts will be held and retained in its own intended place by its arrange-
ment and combination with the other of the said parts, without requiring any
foundation plates, and without depending materially upon fastening down to
the bottom of the ship or vessel for keeping the said parts in place, one in
respect to the others; and although the cylinders will of course be fastened
down to suitable sleepers or keelsons aflixed as usual on the bottom of the
vessel, such fastening will be chiefly for the purpose of fixing the whole com-
bination in place of the vessel. The requisite communications between the
cylinders, or the nosles thereof, and the condensors (called eduction passages for
exhausting the steam from the cylinders), are made in the aforesaid vertical
surfaces, by the contact and union whereof the cylinders and the condensers are
united together as aforesaid, the said eduction passages being at the upper
or highest parts of the said surfaces, so as to communicate with the highest
parts of the condensers. The lower parts of the cylinders descend into the
spaces between the sleepers or keclsons to which the cylinders are fastened
down, the bottoms of the cylinders being very near to the ceiling or inside
planking, or to the floor timbers of the bottom of the vessel, whereby the whole
vertical distance below the axis of the cranks that the depth of the vessel will
admit, is rendered available for giving to the engines as much length of stroke
of the pistons, and length of connecting rods, as can be obtained in the afore-
said class or kind of engines to which (as herein-before mentioned) my said
improved arrangement and combination relates. The condensers stand upon
and are fastened down to the sleepers or keelsons, but do not descend so low as
the cylinders descend. The bearings for the axis of the cranks are formed
according to the usual mode in cast-iron framing, which framing is as is usual
in engines of the class or kind aforesaid, and is sustained as usual by upright
pillars of wrought iron affixed to the cylinders by means of projections from the
upper flanges thereof. There are four such pillars to each cylinder, serving to
keep the cylinders down, as well as to sustain the bearings.

page_text: And for the more full explanation of my said improved arrangement and
combination, I will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed, which
represent a pair of steam engines for steam navigation, constructed according
to my said improved arrangement and combination, of their two steam
cylinders, their two condensors, and their two air pumps; Sheet I. is a ver-
tical clevation viewing the engines in front, in a direction crossways to the
rotative axes of the cranks; Sheet II. is a vertical section through the centre
of one of the air pumps, viewing the engines sideways, or in the direction
endways of the rotative axis; and Sheet III. contains a horizontal plan, toge-
ther with a vertical section through the centres of both cylinders and both air
pumps, viewing the engines in the same direction as in Sheet I. Sheet III.
also contains a vertical section, maked Figure A, through the centre of
both air pumps, in order to explain a different arrangement of those pumps;
the said section supposes the spectator to be viewing the engines sideways,
in the direction endways of the rotative axis, as in Sheet II. In all the
Drawings the same letters of reference, or numeral characters, are used to
denote the same parts, and all the Drawings are on a scale of three fourths
of an inch to a foot, or one sixteenth part of the real size.
A, A, are the two cylinders, and B, B, the two condensors; they are formed in
one casting, with a vertical partition 6 to divide its interior capacity into two con-
densers; C, C, are the two air pumps placed within these two condensers respec-
tively. The vertical centre lines of the two cylinders A, A, and of the two
air pumps C, C, are all situated in the same vertical plane. 1, 1, and 2, 2, are
the vertical surfaces belonging to the cylinders, in order to unite them to the
condensers as before mentioned; 3, 3, and 4, 4, are the corresponding vertical
surfaces belonging to the condensors. The vertical surfaces 1 and 3, 1 and 3,
also 2 and 4, 2 and 4, are fitted respectively together in pairs, with close contact
of the surfaces of each pair, and are firmly united by screw bolts inserted
horizontally in a direction at right angles to the surfaces, and passing through
the borders of both the surfaces of each pair thereof which are in contact, all
those surfaces being formed on the flat faces of flanges which admit of passing
short bolts through them, with the heads of those bolts, or else cotters or cross-
keys through such bolts at the back of one flange, and with the nuts screwed
on the other ends of the said bolts at the back of the other corresponding flange
of each pair of vertical surfaces. The said flanges 1, 1, 2, 2, are formed in the
same piece of casting with each cylinder to which they belong, and the flanges
3, 3, 4, 4, arc formed in the same piece with the condenser respectively. The
said flanges are lateral prominences from projecting parts which extend out

page_text: froin the circumference of each cylinder, and from each angle of the condenser,
in order to conjoin the flanges and vertical surfaces to those circumferences
and angles, as is shewn in the horizontal plan, Sheet III., the latter of those
projecting parts, marked 5, 6, extending vertically from top to bottom of the
condenser so as to conjoin with the several angles thereof, and with the flanges,
in the strongest manner, at every part of the height of those angles, and of the
flanges; and in like manner the said projecting parts, 7, 8, from the circum-
ferences of the cylinders, conjoin thereto, and to the flanges, at every part of
the height of the cylinders between the top flanges a, a, and their holding down
flanges d, d, which latter stand upon and are fastened down to the sleepers, but
which flanges d, d, are not quite at the bottoms of the cylinders, because (as
already mentioned) the lower ends of the cylinders descend into the spaces
between the sleepers. By the aforesaid way of forming the said flanges,
wheroof, as already stated, the flat surfaces constitute the several vertical
surfaces of mutual contact and union between the cylinders and the condenser
those flanges and surfaces are conjoined with the cylinders and with the con-
densers to which they severally belong, in the strongest manner, and likewise
the several pairs of the said surfaces which are in contact being held together
by means of a number of short screw-bolts passing through the several pairs of
flanges, the two cylinders and the condensers are united and combined together
in the strongest manner. All the flat faces of the said flanges constituting the
several vertical surfaces of mutual contact between the cylinders and the
condenser are formed by plaining those surfaces truly flat and parallel to cach
other, and to the central lines of the cylinders and of the air pumps, so as that
all the said surfaces will stand truly vertical when the combination is made by
putting the parts together, and when the engines are erected in place, as in
Sheet I. The two frontmost pairs of the vertical surfaces 1, 3, 1, 3, are very
broad at their upper parts to admit of the eduction passages e, e, being carried
through the middle part of these surfaces, whereby the union of the said surfaces
also constitutes the junction of the eduction passages. The said eduction
passages e, e, as represented in the Drawings, lead out from the interior spaces
within the semi-cylindric cases E, E, which contain the sliding valves, by
action whereof the steam is alternately admitted into and withdrawn from the
top and the bottom of the cylinders by turns. The eluction passages c, e, bear
the same relation to the cases E, E, and to the sliding valves and to tho
cylinders, as the steam entrance passages usually bear to those parts in ordinary
marine engines; for although the construction of the slide valves is nearly the
same as usual, (being of the kind called hollow semi-cylindrical, or Dee-shaped
pipe sliding valves, with passage for steam through the hollows of their Dee

page_text: shape, nevertheless the usual action of such valves is reversed in the engines
represented in the Drawings; that is to say, the interior passage through the
hollow of each Dee-shaped sliding pipe valve is always kept supplied with
steam coming from the boiler, and that steam occupies the space within the
upper and lower parts of the semi-cylindrical case E, which contains each sliding
valve. Those spaces being respectively above and below the packings which
are applied at the back or cylindrical portion of the sliding valve at the upper
and lower ends thereof, the steam is introduced at f from the steam pipe,
which proceeds from the boilers into the uppermost of the aforesaid spaces
within the top or upper end of the semi-cylindrical case E, above the
uppermost packing of the sliding pipe valve, and above the upper end of
that valve, but by means of the hollow down through the semi-cyrindical pipe
of that valve the said steam is at all times freely admitted to the lowermost of
the aforesaid spaces within the lower end of the semi-cylindrical case E, bencath
the lowermost packing of the valve, and below the lower end of that valve;
hence, when the sliding valve is slided downwards in its casing E, it will open
the upper aperture into the cylinder so as to admit steam over the upper
moveable facing of the valve into the upper end of the cylinder above the
piston, in order to press the piston downwards; but when the valve is slided
upwards it will uncover the lower aperture into the cylinder so as to admit
steam beneath the lower moveable facing of the valve into the lower end of
the cylinder, in order to press the piston upwards. The eduction passage E
communicates freely with the space which is left around the semi-cylindric
pipe part of the sliding valve, within the middle part of the height of the semi-
cylindric case E and the space which is left at the flat side of the said cylindrical
pipo part of the sliding valve; the said space is, therefore, kept exhausted by
its open communication with the condenser though the eduction passage e. The
said space is below the upper packing of the valve, and above the lower packing
thereof, and those packings prevent the steam which is in the upper and lower
ends of the casing E from getting into the said exhausted space. When the
sliding valve is slided downwards, and admits steam (as already mentioned)
above the piston, it at the same time opens the passage at the lower end of the
cylinder, in order to exhaust the steam from beneath the piston, the steam
which is so exhausted passing away through the eduction passage e into the
condenser; but when the valve is slided upwards, and admits steam (as already
mentioned) below the piston, it at the same time opens the passage at the
upper end of the cylinder in order to exhaust the steam from above the piston,
and the steam which is so exhausted passes away through the eduction passage e
into the condenser. Noto-Similar sliding valves have been occasionally made

page_text: to operate in the aforesaid manner, contrary to the manner in which like
sliding valves most commonly operate; and it forms no part of my improved
arrangement and combination that the sliding valves should operate in the
manner above described, for the valves might operate in the usual manner, or
any kind of valves which are suitable for steam engines may be used, whether
sliding valves or other valves.
The remaining parts of the engines represented in the Drawings do not
require a minute description, as they are for the most part very similar to the
parts of engines which are in use. The names of the parts which are written
on the Drawings will serve to explain. G, H, H, is the main rotative axis of
the cranks, made in three portions, disposed one at the end of the other in the
samic line. The middle portion G has a crank g, g, fastened on each end of it,
for receiving a rotatory motion from the alternate up-and-down action of
the two pistons by turns, that action being transmitted from the two piston
rods to the cranks g by the two connecting rods K, K. On the middle part of
the axis G two short cranks h, h, are formed for working the two air pumps
by means of two crank rods K, K. The air pumps C, C, are cylinders of gun
metal, fitted by their flanges into suitable apertures formed for their reception
in the cast iron of the condenser; the said flanges being fastened into those
apertures by screws. The said apertures are circular openings through hori-
zontal partitions m, m, n, n, which are formed within the cast-iron condenser
in order to divide off suitable portions of the interior capacity thereof for the
purpose of constituting the upper and lower parts of the two air pumps ;
videlecet, each of the lower partitions m divides off a space from the lower part
of the condenser, which space serves for the lower part of each air pump, and
the lower or foot valve o of the pump admits the water from the lower part
of the condenser into that lower part of the pump, but the foot valve o prevents
any return. The bucket of the air pump has valves in it as usual. The upper
partition n divides off another space from the upper part of the condenser,
which space serves for the upper part of the air pump, and it is closed at top by
the removeable cover L of the air pump, through the centre of which cover
the rod of the pump passes with a stufling box; and there are passages pro-
ceeding sideways out of the said space for the discharge of the hot water, with
discharge valves p, p, applied to those appertures to permit the water to pass
out into the hot well M, but to prevent any return. The condenser, or the
two condensers, is a massive casting in one piece of iron, like a large chest,
having a flat bottom, four upright flat sides, and a flat top, except that part
of the said top rises higher to form the upper parts of the two air pumps. The
interior capacity of the chest is divided into two compartments by a flat vertical

page_text: partition b, and each of those compartments is subdivided by the horizontal par
titions m and n, as already explained. All these partitions being in the same cast-
ing it is rendered very strong, and the flanges and vertical surfaces of contact
3, 3, 4, 4, at the four angles of the condenser, by means of which the two
cylinders are united to it, are also in the same casting with the condenser
in like manner as the corresponding vertical surfaces 1, 1, and 2, 2, belonging
to each cylinder, are in the same casting with that cylinder. The working gear
for giving motion to the sliding valves is much as usual in other ongines, and
requires no particular description. P, P, are the excentrics applied on the
main rotative axis G, in order to give motion by excentric rods 7, 7, to lever
arms on the ends of two rocking axes 1, r, which have other lever arms upon
them to move the slide valves by upright rods s, s. A toothed sector is
fastened on each of the rocking axis r, in order to move the same by means
of a pinion on the axis of handles Q, by which the persons who are to manage
the engines can move the slide valves by hand, when the excentric rods 7, 9,
are disconnected from their lever arms. R, R, is the framing which sustains the
several bearings for the main rotative axis G, H, H; that framing is upheld
by eight upright pillars S, S, which are fastened into as many sockets formed
in the upper flanges a, a, of cach cylinder, four of those pillars to each
cylinder. The pillars may go down through the said sockets, and the lower ends
of the pillars may be received into other sockets on the holding-down flanges
d, d, of the cylinders; or the sockets in the upper flanges a, a, may be continued
down to the lower flanges d, d. The framing r,, is also included between strong
wooden beams T, T, which extend horizontally across the ship, and by them
the frame is kept in place; U, U, are the injection slides or valves for admit-
ting the injection of cold water into the condensers; and u, u, are the handles
by which the openings of those slides are regulated. The cold water is brought
to the slides by pipes, and when it is admitted through the slides in powerful
jets into the condenser that water diffuses itself throughout the interior of the
condensers, so as to cool and condense the steam therein. W, W, are man
holes to give entrance into the condensers, one such door at the front, and
another at the back of each condenser. They are represented in the Drawings
as open, but are closed by doors when the engines are in use. W are the
blowing-through valves, which, on being opened by their handles, admit steam
from the spaces at the upper parts of the semi-cylindrical cases E, E, of the
sliding valves above the upper packings thereof into the middle part of the
same cases below the said packings, from whence the steam passes by the educ-
tion passages e, e, into the condensers, in order to expel or blow out air therefrom
through the suift or blow valves v, v, at the lowest parts of the condensers,

page_text: pumps
previous to setting the engines to work. The piston rods are guided in their
up and down motion, so as to retain them in their vertical positions by means
of sliders at the ends of the cross heads which are fastened on the upper ends
of the piston rods, and on which cross heads the forks at the lower ends of the
connecting rods K, K, are jointed; the said sliders at the ends of the cross heads
are fitted into vertical grooves in the upright guides X, X, which are fixed on
the cylinder covers, and stand up therefrom to the framing R, R. But note,
any other adequate means of guiding the piston rods, or any kind of parallel
motions which are or may be used in like steam engines for such purpose,
may be substituted for the guides X, X. The air-pump rods are guided in a
similar manner by means of vertical grooves in guides a, a, a, a, which are fixed
on the covers of the air pumps. The valve rods which give motion to the
sliding valves in the semi-cylindric cases E, E, are guided in a similar manner
by guides fixed on the tops of those cases. The hot-water pumps and bilgo
Z may
be worked by levers z, fastened on an axis Y, which has another
lever y upon it to put it in motion by means of a connecting rod w from one of
the cranks h, for working the air pumps at the entrances f for the steam
into the upper parts of the semi-cylindrical cases E, E, expansion valves I, I,
may be applied so as to intercept the passage of steam from the boiler through
the steam pipes into the entrances f,f, after the pistons have moved through a
portion of their stroke, in order that their stroke may be completed by expan-
sive action of the steam previously admitted into the cylinders without any
further supply from the boilers; during such completion of the stroke the
expansion valves are lifted and let fall at the proper times by means of tappits
or camms fastened on the rotative axis II, II, with suitable connecting
levers and rods, which are not shewn, but they are constructed in the usual
manner of expansion valve apparatus. Throttle the valves are to be applied as
usual; they may be fitted into the steam pipes close to where those pipes join
to the boxes containing expansion valves I, I. No throttle valves are shewn
in the Drawings.
Sheet III. contains a vertical section, Figure A, of the condensers B, B, and
air pumps C, C, disposed within the condensers and between the steam
cylinders in a different manner to that herein-before described, one pump being
before the other, instead of the two pumps being side by side. The pumps C, C,
are inclined from the vertical in contrary directions, so that the direction of the
centre line of each pump will point to the centre of the rotative axis G, and
both
pumps are worked by the same crank h on that axis by means of two crank
rods k, k, of which only the centre lines are shewn dotted, and the upper ends
whereof may be applied side by side on the pin of that crank h, one of those

page_text: crank rods
being for working one pump C, and the other of those crank
rods for working the other pump C. In case of the two crank rods being so
applied side by side on the said pin of the crank, then the two air pumps
(when viewed from the front) cannot stand exactly in the same vertical plane
one with the other, but the centre line of one pump will be as much at one
side of the centre line of the other pump as is requisite to suit the crank
rods k, k, in case they are one at the side of the other, in order that they may
both work upon the same crank pin h, as already mentioned. Or one of the
crank rods k, k, may be made forked at the upper end, where it is applied
upon the crank pin- with two joints on that pin side by side, and including
the joint of the other crank rod between them, and in such case the centre
lines of both air pumps may be in the same vertical plane. In such an
arrangement of the air pumps as Figure A, the steam cylinders will stand
nearer together, and the middle portion G of the rotative axis will be shorter
than in the arrangement, herein-before described, and there will be only one
crank h on that middle portion; the condenser will be narrower in the direction
between the cylinders, but longer in the opposite direction than in the arrange-
ment herein-before described. The vertical partition b, by which the condenser
is divided into two compartments or distinct condensers, may stand in Figure A
in the direction from the centre of one steam cylinder to the centre of the other,
provided that by means of another partition, or a branch of the partition,
suitably disposed within the condenser, one of the eduction passages e of one of
the cylinders (but only one of those passages) is prolonged and continued within-
side the condenser, beyond or through the partition 6, so as to communicate very
freely from that said cylinder to that condenser, or compartment of the con-
denser, which is most remote from the sliding valves and the eduction
passages e, e. The manner of fixing the air pumps C, C, into apertures through
partitions m and n, and the manner of placing the foot valves O, O, is much the
same as already described, except that instead of the said partitions being
horizontal, they are as much inclined as will suit the inclining position of the
air pumps C, C. The discharge valves p, p, may be applied at the top of
the cover L of each air pump, to discharge the water into the space above
the upper partition n, which space constitutes the hot well M, and may be
common to both pumps. The condensers, Figure A, will have the same kind
of flanges with vertical surfaces of contact and union, with the corresponding
surfaces of the two steam cylinders as already described, except that those
surfaces will not be quite at the angles of the condensers when the same are
made as in Figure A; but the mode of uniting the two steam cylinders to the
condensers by such surfaces, with bolts through the flanges thereof, will be the

page_text: same as herein-before describe:l, and need not be repeated. And note, it is
not necessary that the inclined air pumps, Figure A, should be put within
the condenser as is there represented, for each pump may be joined to the
condenser at bottom, beneath the lower partition m, by means of a branch
projecting laterally from the bottom of the pump, or else projecting laterally
from the condenser, and by another branch projecting from the top of the
pump it may be connected with the upper part of the condenser above the upper
partition n. Those branches being united to the condenser at the lower and at
the upper parts thereof, in a similar manner to that whereby the air pump of a
marine steam engine of the kind heretofore made by Messrs. Boulton and Watt,
with side levers; is most commonly connected to the condenser and hot well of
such an engine, except that the pumps will be inclined instead of being vertical,
and the pumps may, in that last-mentioned case, be somewhat more inclined
than they are represented to be in Figure A, if that is requisite, in order to
give as much more space of condenser between the two pumps as will give the
required capacity of condenser. The lower branch by which each air pump
is joined to the lower part of the condenser (whether that branch is formed as
part of the pump, or as part of the condenser) will join to the condenser below
the lower partition m, and the foot valve o may be within the interior of the
condenser, or it may be within the lower branch thereof to which the air pump
is joined. If the said lower branch is formed in the same casting or piece of
metal with the condenser, it may project out from the lower part of the
condenser, and the air pump may join thereto with a bottom flange around
the lower end of the pump, or if the branch is formed with the air pump it
may join laterally to the front side of the condenser at the lower part of that
side. The branch at the upper part of the air pump will have the discharge
valve or valves applied to it, those valves being within the hot well, which hot
well may either be a space M within the condenser at the upper part thereof,
above the upper partition n, inside of the condenser; or the discharge valves
may be in a hot well which is formed by a vessel distinct from the condenser, as
is the case on Sheet 1I. already described. And note, although two distinct
condensers and two distinct air pumps have been herein-before described (that
being preferable in most cases), nevertheless that is not essential to my
improved arrangement and combination, but the same is equally applicable
if the condenser herein-before described is made without the partition b, so as
to be only one condenser, and with only one large air-pump, equivalent in its
capacity to the two air pumps represented in the Drawings.
Having now described my said improved arrangement and combination of

page_text: certain parts of steam engines used for steam navigation, I, the said Joseph
Miller, do hereby declare that the said parts are the steam cylinders, the
condensers or condenser, and air pumps or air pump of such steam engines
used for steam navigation, as are of the kind or class herein-before mentioned
and described; videlicet, with the steam cylinders situated beneath the rotativo
axis of the cranks, and actuating those cranks by connecting rods applied to
caps at the upper ends of the piston rods, and extending upwards therefrom to the
crank pius of the cranks. And I make no claim to new invention in any other
of the parts herein-before mentioned or described or represented in the Drawings,
beyond the cylinders, condensers or condenser, and air pumps or air pump; but
what I claim as new invention, whereof the exclusive use is granted to me by
the said Letters Patent, is the improved arrangement and combination, herein-
before fully described, of the steam cylinders with the condensers or condenser
and air pumps or air pump. The distinctive character of that said arrange-
ment and combination being that the condensers or condenser are or is so
arranged in respect to the steam cylinders as to fill up all the space between
the two steam cylinders, and so as to join thereto by means of vertical surfaces
of mutual contact and union of the condenser or condensers with the cylinders,
which surfaces are held together by a sufficient number of screw bolts to unite
the cylinders and the condensers firmly together; also the air pumps or air pump
being either vertical or inclined, and either fixed within the condenser or con-
densers, or else (in case of the pumps being inclined, but not otherwise,) those
pumps being firmly affixed to the condensers or condenser by branches, as
herein-before last described, and by those means the whole of the said parts
are united, as herein-before described, into an improved arrangement and
combination, possessing great advantages in respect to simplicity, compactness,
and firmness of union of the said parts.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Miller, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-two
JOSEPH (L.S.) MILLER.
Signed, scaled, and delivered by the within-
named Joseph Miller, in the presence of
SHEARMAN SHEPPARD

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-eighth day of March,
in the fifth year of the reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria, the said Joseph
Miller came before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknow-
ledged the Instrument aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and
specified, in form above written. And also the Instrument aforesaid was
stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made in the fifty-fifth year of the
reign of His late Majesty King George the Third.
Inrolled the Twenty-ninth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-two.