IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF STEAM POWER AT A MINIMUM COST AND GREAT ECONOMY IN ITS APPLICATION TOGETHER WITH SELF CONSUMPTION OF THE PRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Jaques Fear of Hampton Park Redland in the
city and county of Bristol Gentleman and George Charles Singleton Hill of
Bedminster Mill Bedminster in the city and county of Bristol Corn miller.
for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF
STEAM POWER AT A MINIMUM COST AND GREAT ECONOMY IN ITS APPLICATION
TOGETHER WITH SELF CONSUMPTION OF THE PRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Jaques Fear and
George Charles Singleton Hill at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents
on the 31st May 1883.
SAMUEL JAQUES FEAR of Hampton Park Redland in the city and County of
Bristol, Gentleman and GEORGE CHARLES SINGLETON HILL of Bedminster Mill,
Bedminster in the city and County of Bristol Corn Miller, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF STEAM POWER AT A MINIMUM COST AND
GREAT ECONOMY IN ITS APPLICATION TOGETHER WITH SELF CONSUMPTION OF THE
PRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION
"
This invention relates to certain improvements in steam boilers the object being
to cause a more rapid generation of steam to consume the smoke and to utilize as
far as it is possible the heat produced by the combustion of the fuel so as to secure
the greatest possible economy in the production of steam power.
In carrying out the invention we take a boiler of ordinary construction wherein
is placed the furnace for heating the water contained in the boiler.
The furnace is constructed in two parts that is the top part wherein the fuel is
supplied and burned and the bottom part for reception of the ashes, separated one
from the other by fire bars the front end of said bars being let into and resting in
a brick portion dividing the front of the said furnace into two parts.

page_text: The two front parts so divided are fitted each with a metal plate wherein is a
metal door.
In the said metal front of the ashpit is provided a short length of tube and a
union the outside part of which is in connection with a fan wheel of construction
to be driven direct or by pulley and band from pulley of the driving shaft or going
part of the engine.
The blast of air may be supplied to the tube of the metal front of the furnace
in other manner than by a fan and for locomotives there will be provided a funnel
shaped wind catcher in front of the buffer board and the air will be forced in by
the speed of the engine.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Samuel Jaques Fear and George Charles Singleton Hill in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th November 1883.
SAMUEL JAQUES FEAR, of Hampton Park Redland in the city and county of
Bristol Gentleman, and GEORGE CHARLES SINGLETON HILL, of Bedminster Mill,
Bedminster, in the city and county of Bristol, Corn Miller IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF STEAM POWER, AT A MINIMUM COST AND
GREAT ECONOMY IN ITS APPLICATION, TOGETHER WITH SELF CONSUMPTION OF THE
PRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION
"
The object of this invention is to rapidly generate steam, to consume smoke, and
to utilize the heat from the combustion of the fuel to the greatest advantage, and
thus secure the maximum of steam power at a minimum cost.
In order to thoroughly effect these objects, we so construct the furnace and ash
pit, that by a simple contrivance we can force a supply of oxygen beneath the fire.
bars into the furnace, where the oxygen combining with the carbon, both are
consumed together with the result that an intense heat is produced.
In order to clearly elucidate the principle of our invention as above mentioned,
we will now proceed to enter more fully into details by the following description
aided by the accompanying drawings, of which Fig 1 is a longitudinal section of a
boiler embodying our invention, Fig 2 being an end view of the same.
The same
letters of reference indicate like parts shown in the respective Figures.
In carrying out our invention and in adapting it as example to an ordinary
Cornish boiler, of which A. is the outer shell, we divide the furnace into two parts,
the upper portion C, for containing the combustible fuel, and the lower one D,
forming the ash pit, both compartments being provided with, and closed by
doors E. F.
In the lower portion or ash pit D, beneath the furnace C, an aperture is made
for the reception of a pipe G, connected to a delivery pipe G¹, whose lower
extremity directly communicates with a fan or blower H, or some equivalent
apparatus arranged outside the brick foundation, or in any other convenient
position, for forcing air into the ash pit D, beneath the fire bars I, and by this
means supplying a sufficient quantity of oxygen which passing between the fire
bars into the furnace as already described, there mingles with the carbon, and is
consumed with it, with the result of producing intense heat.
The fan or blower may be driven by pulley and band from the driving shaft of
the main engine, or by a separate motor, or from shafting connected with the main
engine instead of directly from the main shaft.
The supply of oxygen to the furnace is regulated by a suitable valve K, in the
pipe Gl
The pipes G, and G', through which the oxygen is conveyed from the fan or
blower to the ash pit should be of equal diameter throughout their length, so as to
avoid the necessity of forcing a large quantity of air through a small passage, which
would be the case if these pipes were not of equal proportions, which would
necessitate a greater working power.
A suitable damper J, worked by chain and balance weight, is placed at the end
of the boiler flues, and is opened or closed as desired for retaining the heat within
these flues which is thus made to act against the boiler plates, the damper being
merely opened sufficiently to allow of the escape of the incombustible gases: by
this means the products of combustion are utilized so as to secure the greatest
possible economy in the production of steam power.

page_text: These improvements are applicable to any description of boiler, we have merely
selected a Cornish boiler to illustrate our principle, as the mechanical details are
such as to suit the requirements of each particular case, in each of which it is
requisite to employ a suitable damper.
In the case of locomotives preference is given to working the fan by a separate
engine or steam turbine worked by the exhaust steam from the main engine.
Or by placing a funnel shaped wind catcher in front of the engine, mounted on
the buffer board, the air will be forced into the pipe by the speed of the engine.
When the boiler is in use steam may be got up in the usual manner by opening
the damper and ash pit door, or by temporarily detaching the fan from its connection
with the engine, and working it by hand, the damper being nearly closed and the
ash pit door perfectly so.
"
The fuel should be placed in front of the furnace, and when converted into cake
should be pushed back, and spread over the fire bars, and a fresh supply put in its
place. The working of the fan or blower for the supply of oxygen should be
arrested whilst stoking or removing clinkers.
Having thus described our invention and the method of carrying it into effect
we do not restrict ourselves to the precise mechanical details herein set forth as
modifications may be made therein without departing from the principle of action'
thereof, but what we consider as the features of novelty and therefore claim as our
invention are the division of the furnace into two parts or chambers one being for
the furnace, and the other constituting the ash pit, the object of such arrangement
being to facilitate the admission of a supply of oxygen from the external atmo-
sphere by means of a fau or blower in conjunction with a pipe leading from the
fan to beneath the fire bars of the furnace, so that the oxygen forced by the blower
beneath the grate of the furnace, passes through the fuel in combustion and mixing
there with the carbon is with it consumed, an intense heat being thereby generated,
the damper being merely sufficiently opened to allow the incombustible gases to
escape, the heat is retained in the boiler flues, so that the greatest amount of heat
is produced with a minimum expenditure of fuel.
In witness whereof I the said George Charles Singleton Hill have hereunto set
my hand and seal this twenty seventh day of November in the year of. Our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty three.
GEORGE CHARLES SINGLETON HILL (L.S.)