IM- BRAVENDERS IN THE MANTRACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FUEL
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Auguste Morin, of Place de l'Hotel de Ville, No. 30,
St. Etienne, Department de la Loire, France, for the Invention of "IM-
BRAVENDERS IN THE MANTRACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FUEL."
Sealed the 15th January 1856, and dated the 10th August 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Auguste Morin at the
Offico of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th
August 1855.
I, AUGUSTE MORIN, of Place de l'Hotel de Ville, No. 30, St. Etienne,
Department de la Loire, France, do hereby declare the nature of the In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FUEL " to be
as follows:-
My Invention applies to the manufacture of those descriptious of artificial
fuel which are made of small coal or coke mixed with tar or bituminous
matter and moulded into suitable forms; and my Invention consists in dis-
tilling off the tar, by placing the fuel in an iron oven heated by a suitable
furnace. When the fuel is introduced, the oven is hermetically closed by a
door. From this oven a tube passes direct to a condenser, where the matters
volatilized are condensed in a worm, cooled externally by water, and thus the

page_text: manufacture of artificial fuel is carried on much more economically than
heretofore. I keep the fuel in the oven until all the tar and bituminous
matters are volatilized or decomposed, and thus I obtain a fuel which will burn
without smoke.
'
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Auguste Morin in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
25th January 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, AUGUSTE
MORIN, of Place de l'Hotel de Ville, No. 30, St. Etienne, Department de la
Loire, France, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Auguste Morin, Her special licence that I, the said Auguste Morin,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Auguste
Morin, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFAC-
TURE OF ARTIFICIAL FUEL," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Augusto Morin, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great. Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the, said Auguste Morin, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof (that is to say) :-
My Invention applies to the manufacture of those descriptions of artificial
fuel which are made of small coal or coke mixed with tar or bituminous
matter and moulded into suitable forms; and my Invention consists in dis-
tilling off the tar, by placing the fuel in an iron oven heated by a suitable

page_text: section, taken at the level of the hearth, on which the iron oven stands ;
Figure 3 is a section, taken through the iron oven, shewing the rails on which
the carriage, Figure 4, is run; Figure 4 is a plan of the carriage on which the.
fuel is placed; Figure 5 is a vertical section of the furnace, taken through the
line A, B, Figure 1; Figure 6 is a transverse section, taken through the line
C, D, Figure 2; Figure 7 is a longitudinal section of the upper part of the
furnace, showing the exterior of the iron oven; Figure 8 is a side view of
the carriage; and Figure 9 is a front view of the upper part of the furnace,
showing the door of the iron oven, and the condenser,, which is of an ordinary
description, consisting of a coil of metal pipe immersed in a vessel through
which cold water flows. The fuel, which consists of small coal or coke
mixed with tar or other bituminous matter and moulded into blocks in the
ordinary manner, is placed on the shelves of the carriage (shown at Figures
4 and 8), which is then moved along the rails into the iron oven, the door of
which is then closed and luted up with clay. The oven is heated by the
furnace beneath. The flames escape through the holes in the arch, and pass
up between the iron oven and the outer masonry through the holes ranged
along each side; thence they pass by the four descending flues in the corners
into the chimney. The furnace is heated until the volatilizable matters distil
over freely, and this heat is maintained until the distillation almost ceases,
which will be at the end of six or eight hours. At the end of this time the
heat is gradually increased during six hours longer, at the end of which time
the temperature should be sufficiently high to char or decompose such bitumi-
nous matters as will not distil over. The heat is then let down until the fuel

page_text: is sufficiently cool to draw, and then the oven door is opened, and the carriage
with the fuel thereon is run out, and a fresh charge is introduced into the
oven. Fuel prepared in this manner will when burnt produce very much
Jess smoke than ordinary artificial fucl.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself
to the exact details described; but what I claim is, the distilling off tar and
other matters from artificial fuel, by heating the fuel in an iron oven and
collecting the volatilized matters in a suitable condenser in connection there-
with; also, the raising the heat of such iron oven after the distillation has
ceased, or nearly so, to char or decompose such bituminous matters as will not
distil over, and which would injure the quality of the fuel.
In witness whereof, I, the said Auguste Morin, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
Witness,
BALAY, Freres.
J. M. MARRAS.
AGTE MORIN. (L.S.)