Improvements in Continuous Spinning, Winding, and Twisting Machines.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Sept., 1895
Complete Specification Lett. 8th June, 18:6-Accepted. 5th Sept., 1896
Date of Application, 9th Sept., 1895
Complete Specification Let. Sth June, 18:6-Accepted. 5th Sept.. 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Continuous Spinning, Winding, and Twisting
Machines.
I, GUILLAUME LAURENCY of Boulevard Leopold, Brussels in the Kingdom of
Belgium Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of the present invention is to enable continuous spinning winding
or twisting machines to spin and twist yarns or threads of all kinds with little or
great torsion and wind them in any form and size of bobbins whatever may be the
dimensions of the spindles or pirns on which the bobbins are to be formed.
It is generally recognized that with the continuous spinning frame yarn cannot
be wound upon a very thin spindle, as is done for instance on the self-acting mule,
at least without giving considerable twist to such yarn in order that it may be
solid enough not to break under the tension required to carry round the traveller,
this tension augmenting in proportion as the diameter on which the yarn is wound
becomes reduced.
I am aware that with a view to remedy this difficiency travellers of different
kinds have been tried amongst which are those which guide the yarn against the
cone of the bobbin or cop, and I do not claim anything that distinguishes any of
these methods which have not given a complete solution to the difficulty, for, either,
they do not maintain the yarn in the most favorable direction for the movement of
the traveller or in following the cone of the cop are constantly modifying the
circumference that the yarn has to describe around the spindle which prevents the
employment of a type of machine in which the twist is formed in a regular manner
up to the delivering rolls which is indispensible for the formation of a yarn with
slight twist, or on the other hand, the weight of the travellers becomes too heavy
if they are given the necessary rigidity; they further require to be supplemented
by suitable means for regulating the individual resistance of each traveller, which
resistance has to be proportional to the diameter of the bobbin or cop at the
particular place at which the winding is being effected.
The question therefore remains to be able to twist and wind the yarn with a
minimum tension which is constant for all diameters of winding and this is realized
by the devices hereinafter described, which have the following peculiarities ;-
1) Keeping the yarn in a direction always favorable to the movement of the
traveller whatever may be the diameter on which the winding is taking place.
2) Varying the resistance of the traveller.
3) Rendering this variation of resistance proportional to the diameter of the
bobbin or cop at the place of winding.
4) Realizing the three above mentioned conditions while making the yarn traverse
an invariable circumferential path, that is to say one that is not modified by the
difference of the diameters which the cop successively presents for the winding of
the yarn, although the latter is always against the cop for all diameters.
For these purposes I use an improved traveller and course for guiding it. On
the ring frame or part which is traversed by the spindles and carries the devices
by which the winding is effected I place in relation to the orifice through which
the spindle passes an annular plate having an inwardly projecting annular flange.
so as to form between this flange and the frame an annular recess around the
orifice aforesaid. This recess guides the two ends of the traveller which consists

page_text: of a bar adapted to lie across the orifice with one of its ends in the recess at one
side and the other end in the recess at the other side. The traveller carries two
hooks one at or about the centre, the other near to one end. The latter hook or
its shank bears against the wall of the orifice. The yarn passes first to the latter
hook, thence to the central hook and thence to the spindle.
When winding is taking place on the spindle or on the smallest diameter of the
cop the traveller stands almost diametrically across the orifice and the outer hook
bears with the slightest pressure against the wall of the orifice which therefore
opposes the least resistance to the rotation of the traveller about the spindle; but
as the diameter of winding grows the chord occupied by the traveller becomes
shorter and its central hook (the other having bearing against the wall) is
displaced forwardly of the radius to which the traveller is tangent, thus decreasing
the angle of the yarn at the central hook, increasing the drag, and giving an
increased counter pressure to the outer hook against the wall. The resistance of
the traveller is thus proportional to the diameter of winding.
By suitable extension of the one or other end of the traveller, or by suitable
weighting, or formation of the hooks the general balance of the traveller under the
centrifugal force of rotation can be adjusted. The traveller may be made of wire
of steel, aluminium bronze or other suitable metal of round or other section. The
annular plate may be of metal, glass, or other material; its flange may have a
rounded rib or thickened rim to equalize and minimize the friction of the traveller
due to upward tension of the yarn. The co-efficient of friction between the outer
hook or an equivalent abutment on the traveller and the annular rim may be
increased by use of leather or other facings to the one or other of these parts.
In order that the distance between the traveller and the delivering rolls may
remain constant, the rail carrying the traveller sockets is not moved up and down
but this movement is given to the spindle rail.
Dated this 9th day of September 1895.
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to Applicant.
Improvements in Continuous Spinning, Winding, and Twisting
Machines.
I, GUILLAUME LAURENCY, of Boulevard Leopold, Brussels, in the Kingdom
of Belgium, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
It is generally recognized that the ring spinning frames cannot produce weft
yarn of little twist, nor wind this yaru in cop form upon a spindle of small
dimensions.
One of the principal difficulties which have prevented successful result is that a
traveller light enough to be operated by the thread when the latter winds upon the
spindle or upon the small diameter of the cone of the cop, becomes too light and
does not produce a sufficient tension on the thread to wind it upon the greater
diameters of the cone on the other hand if a heavier traveller is used, that is
to say offering to the thread a sufficient resistance for winding upon the greater
diameters, the tension on this thread becomes too strong when it winds upon
the smaller so that it lengthens and breaks.
Another difficulty in this kind of spinning frame arises from the fact that the
more the diameter of the place of winding up the thread is reduced the more
the traveller is pulled towards the centre of the ring, that is to say in a direction
tober than that of its proper movement, considerable effort is then exerted by the

page_text: thread in order to move this traveller, whilst when the diameter augments,
the traction being in a direction nearly parallel to the movement, the effort
to be made by the thread is much less considerable. Great differences thus
result in the tension of the thread and consequently it is found impossible to
make a thread of little solidity and to wind it upon a small diameter. In order
to obviate these difficulties I have endeavoured to produce a form of ring and
of a traveller, which allows an easy operating of this latter by the thread upon
the small diameters, and I have moreover opposed to this traveller a resistance
increasing automatically with the increase of the diameter of the place of winding
of the thread upon the cop. I have thus contrived to equalize by means of this
variable resistance of the traveller the tension of the thread in formation since
from its leaving between the rollers to its winding on the cop, the tension of the
thread thus remains the same for all diameters of winding.
The regularity thus obtained in the tension of the thread whilst it receives its
twist arises from the fact that it is obliged itself to overpower a resistance so much
the greater as its position becomes more favourable for operating the traveller with
facility.
I have produced this variable resistance by causing between the traveller and
the ring which guides it a special contact which increases or diminishes up to
the point of complete suppression, according as a part of this traveller regulates
the winding of the thread upon the great or upon the small diameters of the cone
of the cop.
It was also necessary first to allow the traveller to oscillate upon itself and to
conduct the thread at all times against the different and variable diameters of the
cone formed by the cop: second to prevent the resistance to the movement of the
traveller, that is to say the special contact between the traveller and the ring from
being produced at the time of winding on the small diameters of the cop: third to
prevent that the centrifugal force of the traveller operates so as to overturn it and
determine thereby injurious resistances: fourth, to carry the vertical traction of
the thread above one of the contact points of the traveller with the under part
of the ring in order to hinder its flexion and to break up the traction in order to
distribute it between two distinct points of the traveller: fifth to obtain surfaces
convenient to the intensity of friction and to obtain the whole while maintaining
the thread at a radius of invariable size round the cop, whatever may be the
diameter of the latter.
These different results are obtained by forming the traveller with an appendage
and two hooks: the appendage E affords the special contact as will be seen
hereinafter one of the hooks D is situated at such a distance that the thread
which it guides, forms with the traveller, at the time of winding upon the small
diameter of the cop, an angle of 90° (see Fig. 2) in order to avoid at this moment
the operation of the appendage E of the traveller on the ring which operation
would be produced forcibly, if this hook were situated so as to conduct the thread
at a sharper angle in regard to the traveller. Besides the part of this same
hook D by which the thread pulis the traveller is situated at a point corresponding
to the half of the height of the latter so that the centrifugal force is equilibriated
by the traction of the thread and has no influence to overturn it. Another book C
through which the thread also passes establishes the vertical traction of the thread
above one of the aforesaid contact points of the traveller against the under border
of the ring and the difference between its height and that of the under hook D
breaks up this traction, that is to say distributes it between these two hooks C
and D.
Figs. 1 and 2 show the relative disposition of the traveller with its vertical
appendage E making the variable contact with the ring its upper hook C
terminating this appendage and its under hook D hereinbefore explained. L, is
the spindle, A the special ring which guides the traveller and upon which operates
the variable friction, P is the rail of the frame upon which are mounted all the
rings.

page_text: Fig. 2 completes the illustration of the invention by showing how the thread at
first at a right angle in regard to the traveller at the time of the smaller diameters
f the cop, inclines more and more in proportion as this diameter augments and
hows how the contact is established between the appendage of the traveller and
the ring, when the winding up of the thread is taking place upon a diameter
sufficient to render the intervention of this contact necessary.
The diagrams Figs. 3, 4, and 5 show the reason of the position of the hook with
its point placed so that the thread extends from the traveller at an angle of 90°
and at the same time at the half of its height in order that there is as much weight
over as under the point by which it is pulled by the thread.
In Fig. 3 is seen the thread drawing the traveller at right angles towards the
spindle in the direction indicated by the arrows without the appendage coming in
contact with the ring Fig. 4 shows that if the thread was not situated at right
angles to the slide but at an acute angle the thread would carry the traveller
towards the ring.
Fig. 5 shows that if the thread draws the traveller at a point situated laterally
of its width, see 1, the centrifugal force operating upon the heaviest part makes it
turn on itself; it then tries to take the position indicated in dotted lines, see 1ª,
unless it is retained by the ring which guides it. This tendency of movement
cannot take place without producing a continuous friction which prevents the
traveller from moving easily. On the contrary by conducting the traveller by
the centre of its weight as indicated by 24, this friction is not produced and
the traction of the thread can perfectly equalize the centrifugal force of the
traveller.
Figs. 6, 7, 8, and 9, indicate different manners of constructing the ring and
traveller.
In Fig. 6 the appendage by which is operated the variable friction of the
traveller against the ring is formed with the bent extremity J which slides in the
groove provided for this purpose in the ring: contrarily to the traveller of
the other figs., the hook C is here distinct and separated from the appendage.
In Fig. 7 the ring is the same as in Figs. 1 and 2 only. The hook of the
traveller is formed by a hole or open ring and the extremity of the hook D is
prolonged in order to prevent the traveller from overturning when it is not
maintained by the thread.
In Fig. 8 the ring A which can be of any metal is interiorly provided with a
ring M, which will be of leather or similar material if it is intended to augment
the intensity of the friction of the traveller, in steel, glass or the like, if a less
friction is required; it shows also that the appendage E of the traveller can be
provided with any material in order to obtain the necessary friction against the
ring, in order that the traveller may present convenient resistance to the thread.
In order to thus provide the appendage, it is sufficient to fix the material in
question on the side where the contact is produced against the ring. In Fig. 9
the upper part M of the ring A can be taken off and easily replaced in case of
wear and damage; this ring form allows the use for this upper part M of discs of
polished glass or any other material than the under part of the ring. The
traveller of this Fig. 9 is supposed to be cutirely constructed of wood but of course
it can also be made in steel or any other convenient material. This traveller
Fig. 9 is also distinguished from the preceding by carrying a second appendage K,
which is put in contact with the upper part M of the ring when the traveller moves
against the latter and is completely removed from the spindle.
In order to fix the ring A upon the rail of the spinning frame either small
screws like V, Fig. 6, or cramps of steel wire as G, Fig. 9, are used, these maintain
the disc M in the ring and at the same time they press the latter upon the rail.
By turning these cramps the rings can easily be taken off the rail.
For the operation it will be sufficient to refer to Figs. 1 and 2. The thread
arriving from the rollers passes through the hooks C and D of the traveller and
winds upon the cop which is formed upon the spindle L; the latter in turning

page_text: draws round with it the traveller by means of the thread.
When the thread is
winding upon a minimum diameter the thread pulls the traveller at a right angle
in order that the appendage E not touching the ring allows the traveller to turn
easily, but with the augmentation of the diameter of the place of winding of the
thread it becomes easier for the thread to draw the traveller which would no longer
offer a resistance sufficient to wind the thread if the latter in consequence of this
same augmentation of diameter were not obliged to draw the traveller in a direction
which causes it to rub by its appendage against the ring and to press against it so
much the more strongly while sliding as the thread describes a sharper angle in
proportion as it winds upon a geater diameter.
It is thus understood that this friction of the appendage E against the ring and
by consequence the resistance to the operation of the traveller augments or
diminishes in intensity in direct proportion to the augmentation or the reduction of
the diameter of the cop, at the place where the threads are wound as is necessary
for maintaining a regular tension of the latter. The vertical traction of the thread
which tries to raise the traveller being concentrated upon the hook C near its
point of contact cannot bend the traveller and this hook guides the thread at a
radius of invariable size round the cop, which gives a regularity to the tension and
allows also of winding up the thread under the cop in order before removing the
finished cop to begin a new one without touching it with the hands.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :
1. A traveller carrying an appendage adapted to place itself against the ring
which guides it with a contact the pressure of which increases in proportion as the
diameter increases in which the thread is being wound for the purpose of causing
the thread to overcome a resistance so much the greater as it is in better position
for operating the traveller with facility.
2. In the traveller described in Claim 1, a hook D capable of conducting the
thread against the cone of the cop and operating the traveller by a point (of this
hcok) so situated as first to enable said hook to conduct the thread at the time of
winding on the smaller diameter of the cop at right angles to the traveller in order
to prevent the production of contact between the appendage of the traveller and
the ring at the time of winding on the small diameters and second at the half of
the height of the traveller in order to prevent the centrifugal force from over-
turning the traveller.
3. In combination with the appendage and the hook as described in Claims 1
and a hook C terminating the vertical appendage E and situated at a level
superior to that of the hook D for the purpose of carrying the traction of the
thread over one of the points of contact of the traveller with the ring and of letting
equally operate a vertical traction upon the hook D while maintaining the thread
at a radius of invariable size round the cop.
4. In combination with the appendage and the two hooks forming the traveller
a ring of suitable form in order to guide it while allowing it to oscillate, to turn
round the cop, to incline itself against the cone of the latter and to approach or to
withdraw from the spindle, said ring being constructed entirely or partially of
copper, glass, or any other materials causing a frictional resistance to the different
parts of the traveller surface of such a Find that they give to it a convenient
resistance.
Dated this 8th day of June 1896
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C.,
Agents for Applicant.