Improvements in the Construction of Lorries, Wagons, Drays, Carts, Traps, and the like Vehicles.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Jan.. 1895
Complete Specification Left. 25th Oct., 1-95-Accepted. 21st Dec., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Lorries, Wagons, Drays,
Carts, Traps, and the like Vehicles.
We THOMAS DANIEL STAGG, of 30 Plane Street, Manager, and EDWARD
ROBSON of the Hull Cart, Wagon and Iron Co. Chalk Lane Engineer, both in
Hull in the County of Yorks. do hereby declare the nature of this invention, to
be as follows:-
Our invention relates to improvements in the construction of lurries, traps and
the like vehicles, and has for its object the cheapening of the manufacture of such
vehicles, and making them lighter and more durable than the ordinary construction
of lullies and the like at present in use.
We construct our invention as follows:-
We form the soles of the vehicles of long strips of iron, steel or any suitable
metal of V, chaunel, T, angle or any suitable section having flanges formed upon
them, such flanges being drilled to receive bolts or the like for attaching the
bottom boards to the soles.
The under carriage is fitted with ball bearings thus allowing of it being more
easily turned.
The body pieces may be made of channel steel or iron drilled to receive bolts
or screws for fixing purposes, or they may be fixed by straps or other mechanical
means.
The axle trees are preferably formed by placing together two sections of. V or
channel iron or steel, the axle bar behind the collar having lugs upon it which are
gripped by the flanges of the V or channel iron, and are fixed by means of bolts,
screws or the like.
The wheels may be constructed entirely of metal with preferably split spokes,
or partly of wood and partly of metal, and would be provided with preferably ball
or roller bearings, the fronts of the naves being either fitted with ordinary iron
caps for oil, brass flat caps, or with caps let into the naves for oiling purposes.
The bottom boards may be either of wood or of suitable metal, and would be
attached to the soles and sides by rivets or the like.
In constructing our improved lullies, carts or the like wholly or mostly of metal,
they are of greater strength and durability and at the same time lighter than
those at present in use, being very handy for home use and particularly for
foreign or colonial purposes.
Dated this Twenty-fifth day of January 1895.
JOHN E. WALSH,
Savile Street, Hull, and Crossley Street, Halifax,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: Fig. 8 is a sectional elevation, through A A in Fig. 7, of one of the wheels.
This vehicle, as shewn, is constructed of mild steel, no wood being employed,
except as hereinafter specified.
The soles B are formed of long strips of steel of channel section, with flanges B',
the said flanges being punched or drilled to receive rivets, bolts, or other devices
for the attachment of the bottom, or floor boards C. The said boards consist of
steel plates, but may be of wood, if desired, and the soles B may be of V; T, angle,
or any suitable section other than the channel section shewn.
The sides D and ends D¹, are formed of angle section, rolled with a bulb D2 at
top, to add to the strength and provide a smooth edge, which will not injure any
goods or articles, which may be slid over it. The soles B are riveted, or otherwise
fastened to the ends D', and cross braces E, of T or other suitable section, are
fixed to the sides D and soles B3, the whole thus forming a light, stiff, rigid and
self-contained structure.
For the sides and ends, ordinary angle section may be used, and a strip riveted
thereto to form the bulb edge, but a special section, as described, is preferred.
The under carriage, as shewn clearly in Figs. 1, 4, 5 and 6, is formed of a series
of longitudinal pieces F of channel section, arranged parallel to each other and
connected by cross pieces F¹ of similar section and a central cross piece F2 of
flanged channel section. These are all riveted, or otherwise secured together,
forming a light stiff frame; the turning ring H is secured to certain of the cross
pieces in any suitable manner, and the turning ring H' on the body, is secured to
cross pieces J of channel section secured to the soles B.

page_text: A central pin, or bolt Kis provided as usual, and a bar Leis furnished on the
front of the under carriage for the attachment of the shafts, which, are not, shewn
in the drawing: The said shafts are preferably formed of steel with a wooden
lining. Ball or roller bearings. may be applied.to the, turning rings of the under
carriage, if desired.
The axle trees consist of two V shaped sections M M', formed with flanges
which are punched or drilled to receive bolts, or other fastening devices to connect
them together, and the axle bar N is square, or, of such section as will fit the..
channel in the ✓ pieces and be securely held by them when they are, bolted,
together. The ends of this bar project beyond the V pieces, and are suitably,
shaped to take the wheel hubs.
*
As a modification, the axle-bar may be in two short lengths gripped between the
V pieces, and in the latter case it may be provided with lugs to be held between
the flanges of the V pieces, as a further security. These lugs may also; if desired,
be used with the single bar.
The hind axle-tree is connected to the springs P P, through the medium of a
piece of sheet steel Q, which is bent into a deep trough section and has apertures Q
formed in it, as shewn, to reduce the weight. The springs are attached to the:
central part of the trough, and the downwardly projecting pierced sides have
lugs, flanges, or other suitable devices for the attachment of the axle tree. The
frout axle-tree is connected directly to the springs R, R, of the under-carriage by
anya suitable means.
The wheel shewn in Figs. 7 and 8 is constructed entirely of metal. The hub S,
is a casting, bored out to receive a steel or iron bush T. The hub may be shrunk
on the bush, or the said bush may be secured by a key-way and feather, set-screw,
or other device. The end N' of the axle is turned to such size as to admit a set.
of hardened steel rollers V, between it and the bush T. The rollers and hub
abut at one end against a collar N2, and at the other end against a washer W...
held in place by a nut X and a split pin X. The axle journal and the bush are
preferably hardened to reduce wear. The rollers greatly lessen the tractive force
required, but if, a plain bearing is desired, the axle is turned to fit the bore of the
bush. An ordinary cap Y, is screwed on the outer end of the hub, and a dust
cap Z, embracing the collar N2, is provided on the inner end. This cap from its
annular channel section, as shewn, also forms a reservoir for oil and prevents the
same escaping from the bearing. It may be in one piece with the hub, as shewn,
or may be screwed, or a tight sliding fit thereon.
The felloe consists of steel of channel section, bent and welded into a ring a.
The spokes bare flat strips of steel, arranged in pairs to form a double-dished
wheel. Each pair is connected at the outer ends to the felloe by a bolt c, or rivet
passing through their ends and the sides of the felloe. The inner ends enter
respectively between double flanges d formed on the hub and are secured by
bolts, or rivets. The tyre fis of steel, or iron of any suitable section, shrunk on
the felloe and secured by countersunk rivets
9,. or bolts.
To add to the stiffness of the felloe, a flat steel ring h may be furnished on each
side, the bolts e passing through them.
Wooden packing, or distance pieces i, may be placed within the felloe at each
spoke junction, and a hoop ; may be provided to keep dirt out of the channel of
the felloe.
The flanges on the hub may be single instead of double, as shewn, and the
spokes 6 may be of bulb, tubular, or any other suitable section.
A wheel constructed in this manuer is of great stiffness, and will bear a far
greater load than an ordinary wooden wheel of the same dimensions, while it is
very light in proportion to its strength.
A self acting lubricator k, of suitable construction, is provided on the hub, so
that the axle may be efficiently oiled, without requiring frequent attention.
In a wheel constructed on this principle, the felloe may be formed of Ṭ, or
other suitable section, instead of the channel section, as shown.

page_text: Rubber, or pneumatic tyres, may be fitted to wheels constructed in accordance
with our invention, if desired.
The back end D₁ of the lurry, instead of being a fixture, as shewn, may be
loose or hinged, and though the various parts of the vehicle are preferably made of
steel, as described, iron, aluminium alloy, or other suitable metal may be used in
place thereof, if desired.
The above description of our mode of constructing a lurrey, conveys a clear
general idea of the improvements which constitute our invention, and it will be
obvious that by making the necessary modifications in design required in each
case, the said improvements may be applied, either in whole or in part, to other
vehicles of the like kind.
... I
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claini, is :-
1. In a vehicle of the class described, à body constructed of sole pieces B,
sides D, ends D' and cross braces E, all formed of metal rolled to suitable sections
and riveted, or bolted together, substantially as and for the purposes herein set
forth.
2. In a vehicle of the class described, an under-carriage, constructed of longi-
tudinal pieces F, cross pieces F1, F2, all formed of metal rolled to suitable sections
and riveted or bolted together, substantially as and for the purposes herein set
forth.
:
3. In a vehicle of the class described, in combination, an axle-tree formed of
flanged channel pieces M, M', and an axle-bar N, substantially as herein set
forth.
4. A vehicle wheel, consisting of the combination of a hub S with bush T,
flanges d, a dust cap Z and lubricator k, a felloe a of channel section, a tyre f,
spokes b connected to said felloe a and flanges d all constructed of metal, substan-
tially as herein set forth.
5. The combination with a wheel, constructed as set forth in the preceding
claim, of flat rings h, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.
6. The combination with a wheel, constructed as set forth in Claim 3, of a
hoop, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
7. The combination with a vehicle wheel, constructed as set forth in either of
the Claims 3, 4 or 5, of an axle-bar N and hardened steel auti-friction rollers V,
substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.
8. As a new article of manufacture, a lurry constructed substantially as herein
described and shewn, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 25th of October 1895.
AMBROSE MYALL,
2 Lancaster Place, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.