Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Sept., 1896--Accepted, 10th Oct., 1896
This invention relates to an apparatus intended for taking and projecting series of
photographs which may be termed animated photographs; this apparatus being
distinguished from similar apparatus by special arrangements or constructions for
1. The movement of the film.
2. The tension of the film.
3. The successive mathematically regular stoppages.
4. The guiding of the film.
In the annexed drawing Fig. 1 is a view in elevation of the left side of the
apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a front view in elevation and Fig. 3 is a view in elevation of the
right side.
Without entering into details of the principle or the purpose of the apparatus
or into the details of construction common to all the apparatus of this kind, we
shall only describe the special features pertaining to this invention.
The movement of the film (Fig. 1 & 2) is obtained a drum A carrying upon
its periphery two rows of radial teeth a which during the working of the apparatus,
are engaged in holes provided on each side of the film X and the distance from
one another of which holes corresponds exactly to that of the teeth a which the
roller carries. The film after its movement by the roller is detached from the
latter by means of a plate B arranged behind and convéniently sloped at its lower
edge for the passage of the teeth a; this.plate B is rendered inevitable especially
when starting, on account of the adherence which occurs between the film and the
roller and it is fixed in any manner on the framing y of the apparatus.
-
The tension of the film X is obtained (Figs. 1. 2 & 3) by means of a pulley C
revolving upon a pin c carried by an oscillating lever a second pin c¹ is
equally fixed on the lever Con the outside of the pulley, in order to avoid any
outward displacement of the film. The lever C which oscillates at the point o is
moved at its back part downwards by a spiral spring e which constantly tends to
cause the pulley C to rise and consequently to provide a convenient tension
especially at the moment of the sudden and successive stoppages of the film. Two
abutment screws e' e2 Fig. 3 are arranged upon the support of the bobbin carrying.
the rolled up film, these two abutments limiting the movement of the lever (.
The successive stoppage and starting actions of the film are obtained by the
following arrangement: A fly wheel D revolved by any suitable means operates by
means of an appropriate band D' and two pulleys Ď³ a pulley E keyed upon a
shaft E which carries a cam F (Figs. 2 & 3).
This cam F is of a special form and has on its periphery a helicoidal groove d
one border d' of which is laterally prolonged in order to seize one after the other
and without shock, the pins or teeth i of a plate G. The border having caused
one of the pins i to pass from the right to the left of the cam (Fig. 3) continues its
rotatory movement until it encounters the following pin whereupon it moves the latter
and so on. After the operation of one pin, the cam F holds the plate G. stationary

page_text: by the parallel borders of the cam occupying exactly the space between two pins.
The successive movements of starts and stoppages of the disk G carrying the pins i
are repeated upon the roller A hereinbefore referred to, these two organs being both
keyed upon the same shaft f.
The guiding and the tension of the film, at the moment where it passes, before the
objective O, are obtained by two flexible paralle! plates H which by their flat part
press the film on the right and on the left against the bottom of a fixed slide I.
The film having left the under part of the slide is maintained in contact with the
roller A by means of two sets of friction rollers turning freely in a support k.
The latter may oscillate about the point m when for any reason one has disengaged the
lever L of a cleat L¹ maintained on the framing.
Having thus described the characteristic points of our invention we do not confine
ourselves to the exact details as illustrated but our invention extends to such modifi-
cations as may be made in the details of construction without departing from their
respective principles.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is.
In apparatus intended for taking and projecting series of photographs termed
animated photographs,
1. The construction for moving the film consisting of a roller with rows of
peripheral teeth in combination with two ranges of holes made in the film and a
plate for detaching the film from the roller.
2. A construction for effecting the tension of the film consisting of a pulley mounted
upon a spring operated lever.
3. A mechanism for the successive stopping and starting actions formed of a fly
wheel geared to operate an arbor upon which is keyed a cam with helicoidal groove
moving and then holding stationary alternately a plate with pins fixed upon the same
arbor as the roller which engages the film.
4. The construction for guiding and tensioning the film producing its effect at the
moment of the passage of the film before the objective and lying before the driving
roller substantially as set forth.
Dated this 2nd day of September 1896.
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
18 Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C.,
Agents to Applicants.