Improvements in Machines for Dyeing, Bleaching, and otherwise Treating Yarn in Cop or other Compact Form.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Apolication, 12th June, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 12th Apr., 1890-Accepted, 24th May, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Dyeing, Bleaching, and otherwise
Treating Yarn in Cop or other Compact Form.
We AUGUST GRAEMIGER of Bent Street, Cheetham, Manchester, Chemist, WILLIAM
THOMAS WHITEHEAD, of 49 Spring Lane, Radcliffe, Engineer, SAM MASON, jun., of
2 St. Anne's Place St. Anne's Square, Manchester, Engineer, and EVAN ARTHUR
LEIGH, of 37 Cross Street, Manchester, Engineer, all in the County of Lancashire,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:—
This invention relates to improvements in a process and apparatus for which Letters
Patent No. 11497 bearing date Angust 23rd 1887, were granted to August Graemiger
and in which a rotary cop carrier in conjunction with a carrier body is employed in
a liquor tank, the cops to be dyed or otherwise treated being placed on perforated
tubes, group-wise, onto the said carrier, and successively subjected to air exhaustion,
saturation, and impregnation, liquid exhaustion, and substitution.
Now the object of our invention is to improve the general construction of the class
of machine herein before referred to, by reducing the friction between the cop carrier
and carrier body, so as to render it easier for manipulation and more certain in
action.
I
The first part of our invention consists in the employment, in a suitable liquor tank,
of a double disc cop carrier intermittently rotated by suitable gearing, and fitted
against a central stationary carrier body arranged between the inner faces of the said
discs.
of
The outer faces of the said cop carrier discs are respectively formed with four
groups cop tube holes or nipples which serve to receive the perforated tubes on
which the cops to be treated are placed. On the cop carrier being rotated the said
cop tube hole or nipple groups are successively brought into communication with
suitable chambers formed in the carrier body, so as to permit air exhaustion, satura-
tion and impregnation, liquor extraction, and substitution of the cops.
In order to remove the liquor left in the cops from boiling or mordaunting, in the
same machine in which they are dyed, we form the dead face heretofore used, into a
chamber, which communicates simultaneously with two cop groups, viz., one on each
disc and acts as a primary extractor.
The carrier body below the liquor level is formed with a cavity which communicates
simultaneously with four of the cop tube hole or nipple groups, viz., two in each disc,
and also with the liquor pump, and permits of saturating and impregnating the cops,
and with a chamber to permit the extraction of the liquor simultaneously from two
cop groups, viz., one group of each disc, after leaving the liquor.
Our invention consists in the second place in facilitating the removal of air contained
in the liquor extracted from the cops by the preliminary extractor, to prevent the
liquor from entering the air pump, and to effect the return of the liquor into the tank,
(which otherwise had to be recovered) by employing in connection with the pre-
liminary extraction chamber, a separator. This separator consists of a cylinder
provided at the top and bottom respectively with a suitable valve which is opened
automatically, the moment the preliminary extraction of liquor takes place, preferably
by means of a cam formed or fixed on the rotating double disc cop carrier, and a lever
in connection therewith.
Between this cylinder and preliminary extractor is interposed a chamber, which is
connected to the latter and the said cylinder by means of suitable pipes. This chamber
is furnished with a perforated division plate, preferably concave, against which the
liquor in rushing from the preliminary extractor strikes, so as to cause the air to
separate from the liquor and the latter to descend into the lower part and the air to

page_text: ascend into the upper part of the said cylinder, from which the air is permitted
to escape, and the liquor to return to the liquor tank on the respective valves being
opened.
Our invention consists in the third place in the combination and application to the
liquor tank of an apparatus by means of which the liquor is supplied thereto in certain
quantities according to the number or weight of cops to be treated, and the liquor in
the tank is always retained automatically at the same level.
This apparatus consists of a cylinder in which a float is suspended by a screwed
rod, from a weighted lever, arranged to rock on a stud.
The bottom of this cylinder is provided with a valve resting on a rocking lever
actuated by means of a cam moved from any moving part of the machine and con-
nected by means of a rod and spring to the aforesaid weighted lever. On the side of
the float cylinder an inlet valve is arranged which is connected to and operated by
the aforesaid weighted lever and admits the required quantity of liquor into the float
cylinder below the float.
When the required amount of liquor has entered the float cylinder, the float raises
the lever, to which is connected the inlet valve and closes the same, after which the
outlet valve is opened by the aforesaid cam and lever, which permits the discharge of
the liquor into the tank.
The said float being adjustable on its rod and the weight on its lever, the closing of
the inlet valve can be timed as required for various quantities of liquor.
In order to diminish friction and ensure always a good joint between the cop carrier
and carrier body, in a cylindrical machine, we fit the cop carrier against the end of
the carrier body instead of around the same. This carrier body serves as a cover or
end for the cop carrier and is formed with suitable chambers, for effecting the various
operations similarly as herein before described, a separate cavity for each row of cops
being formed in the cop carrier.
Dh 2
1000
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
Agents to Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Dyeing, Bleaching, and otherwise
Treating Yarn in Cop or other Compact Form.
We, AUGUST GRAEMIGER, of Bent Street, Cheetham, Manchester, Chemist,
WILLIAM THOMAS WHITEHEAD, of 49, Spring Lane, Radcliffe, Engineer, SAM
MASON, jun., of 2, St. Ann's Place, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Engineer, and
EVAN ARTHUR LEIGH, of 37, Cross Street, Manchester, Engineer, all in the County
of Lancashire, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
...This invention relates to improvements in a process and apparatus for which Letters
Patent No. 11497 bearing date August 23rd 1887, were granted to August Graemiger
and in which a rotary cop carrier in conjunction with a carrier body is employed in
a liquor tank, the cops to be dyed, or otherwise treated being placed on perforated
tubes, group wise, onto the said carrier, and successively subjected to air exhaustion,
saturation and impregnation, liquor exhaustion, and substitution.
Now the object of our invention is to improve the general construction of the
class of machine herein before referred to, by reducing the friction between the cop
carrier and carrier body, so as to render it easier for manipulation and more certain
in action and increase its capacity.
And in order that our invention may be more fully understood we have caused to
be appended hereunto two sheets of drawings marked with letters of reference
indicating like. parts in the various figures.
Fig. 1, sheet I, is a vertical section through A-B Fig. 3, and Fig. 2 a side view
of the vacuum valve detached, and Fig. 3 a plan partly in section of a machine with

page_text: a double disc cop carrier. Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of an alternate construction
of liquor charging vessel. Fig. 5, sheet II, is a vertical section through CD Fig. 6,
and the latter a side view, with liquor tank in section, Fig. 7 a longitudinal section
through E-F of Fig. 5, of a machine with a cylindrical cop carrier.
In carrying out the first part of our invention and referring to Figs. 1, 2 & 3, the
improvements consist in the employment, in a suitable liquor tank a, of a double disc
cop carrier b, b, intermittently rotated by suitable gearing, and through grinding or
rubber rings c', fitted hermetically against a central stationary carrier body c, arranged
between the inner faces of the said discs b, b. The latter are suitably fixed on the
axis d, mounted in hearings a¹ on the tank a and intermittently rotated, preferably,
by means of spur wheels f, f,, shafts & and clutch, from the driving
shaft through the chain and wheels 18 & 1°.
The outer faces of the said cop carrier discs are respectively formed with four
groups of cop tube holes or nipples g', g³, g³ & g, which serve to receive the per-
forated injection tubes 9, on which the cops to be treated are placed. The carrier
body c is formed with four chambers h¹, h², h³, h, which on the intermittent rotation
of the cop carrier b, 1, come successively into communication with each of the four
groups of cop tube holes or nipples g', g³, g³ & g², so as to permit in chamber h¹
substitution and liquor (from boiling or mordanting) extraction, chambers /³ & h³
saturation and impregnation, and chamber h liquor extraction of the cops.
In order to remove the liquor left in the cops from boiling or mordanting, in the
same machine in which they are dyed, we form the dead face heretofore formed in
the cop carrier into a chamber, which communicates simultaneously with two
cop groups, viz. one on each disc, and by means of the pipe i, is in connection with a
pump, so as to act as a primary extractor.
The carrier body c below the liquor level in the tank a, is formed with a cavity k,
having ports k¹, k³, leading respectively to the saturation and impregnation
chamber & h³, which communicates simultaneously with four cop tube hole or
nipple groups g', g², g³ & g', viz. two in each disc, b, b, and also with the liquor
punipe by means of the pipe 1, which permits of saturating and impregnating the
cops, the liquor being returned. into the tank a by means of the pumpe and the
pipe. Between the saturation and impregnation chamber and the liquor
extraction chamber ha port m leading to the latter is formed to which is fitted an
inlet pipe m, in connection with a liquor pump which permits the extraction of the
liquor simultaneously from two cop groups, viz. one group of each disc b, b', after
leaving the liquor in the tank a.
In carrying out the second part of our invention the improvements consist in
facilitating the removal of air from the liquor on the former being extracted from the
cops by the preliminary extractor, to prevent the liquor from entering the air pump,
and to effect the return of the liquor into the tank a, free of air (which otherwise had
to be recovered) by employing in connection with the preliminary extraction
chamber having ports n, corresponding with the circular cop tube holes or nipples
in each disc b, b¹.
To the said preliminary or air exhaustion chamber h is connected an inlet pipe n', n³
furnished with a tap n leading to an air pump, which tap n³ serves to cut off the
respective connection when desired for certain colors. Into this pipe n', ², we insert
an air and liquor separator, consisting of a cylinder or casing o, provided at the top
and bottom respectively with an air and liquor valve o' & o² formed on the rod o' and
held against their seatings by means of a spring o*. These valves o¹, o' are
automatically opened the moment before the preliminary extraction of liquor or air
exhaustion from the cops takes place, by means of one or more cams p fixed to the
carrier disc b operating a bell crank lever p' connected by means of a rod p³ to the
forked lever g pivoted to the cylinder or casing o and embracing the valve rod oª.
The side of the cylinder or casing o, near the tap n of the preliminary extractor h, is
furnished with a chamber gl which is in communication therewith and the pipe n' and
furrished with a perforated division plate q', preferably concave, against which the
air on rushing from the preliminary extractor h strikes, so as to cause any liquor

page_text: which it may contain to separate therefrom and descend into the lower part and the
air to ascend into the upper part of the said cylinder e, from which the air is
permitted to escape, and the liquor returned into the tank a on the valves o¹ o' being
opened as aforesaid. The pipe n² between the cylinder or casing o is provided with
the vacuum valve n by means of which communication is established and cut off as
required between the air pump and preliminary extractor h, automatically as
follows:-
In conjunction with the clutch, a lever is employed which when pushed
forward by the attendant throws. the clutch fin gear and sets the machine in
motion. This lever is furnished on the top with a projection which opens
the vacuum valve n by pressing against the lever hinged thereto and bearing
against the stem of the same. Below the lever r is pivoted to the bracket ³,
bolted to the tank a, a lever arm t, the free end of which, by means of a
springt, is arranged to come into contact with cam t, fixed to the carrier, disc b,
respectively to each cop group thereof. The under side of the lever is furnished
with another projection which when the machine is at rest and the vacuum valve n
closed bears against the edge of the lever arm t, at which time the free end.of
the same bears against the point of the cam t². On setting the machine in
motion the lever is simultaneously raised and pushed forward, which throws the
clutch fin gear, opens the vacuum valve n and positions the projection onto
the top of the lever arm t. The latter by means of the cam is then caused to
move inwards whereby the projection is caused to leave the top of the lever arm t
and position itself in front against the edge thereof. The vacuum valve then
remains open until one of the series of cop groups has passed the preliminary
extractor, the cam t' of the next cop group then causes the lever arm t to move.
outwards, draw with it the lever and thus close the vacuum valve n, throw the
clutch out of gear and thereby stop the machine.
In carrying out the third part of our invention the improvements consist in the com-
bination and application to the liquor tank a of an apparatus, by means of which the
liquor is supplied thereto in certain quantities according to the number or weight of
cops to be treated, and the liquor in the tank a is always retained automatically at the
same level. This apparatus consists of a cylinder or vessel u suitably fixed to the
Stank a, in which a floats is suspended by a screwed rod m³, from a weighted lever v¹,
arranged to rock on a stud v. The bottom of this cylinder or vessel u is provided
with a valve u, resting on a rocking lever m³ actuated by means of a cam m* moved
from any moving part of the machine, preferably from the shaft d and connected
by means of a rod and spring to the aforesaid weighted lever vl. On the
side of the float cylinder or vessel u an inlet valve u is arranged, which is
connected to and operated by the aforesaid weighted lever v¹ and admits the
required quantity of liquor into the float cylinder or vessel u below the float s.
When the required amount of liquor has entered the float cylinder or vessel u, the
float s raises the lever vl, to which is connected the inlet valve and closes the same,
after which the outlet valve u is opened by the aforesaid cam m' and lever m³, which
permits the discharge of the liquor into the tank a.
An alternate arrangement for supplying the tank a with liquor, as aforesaid is shown
in Fig. 4, and consists of a charging vessel u which is in communication with the
same, by means of the pipe and with a liquor reservoir by means of the pipe u²..
The charging vessel u at its lower extremity is formed with a port which is in
communication with a two way tap v having attached to its spindle a weighted lover
and sloted lever ³, the latter being, connected to a sliding rod which acted 5
upon by one
or more cams p, fixed to and the liquor tank u. The camp may
carrier disc band establishes
communication between the charging vessel u and
be made adjustable in length so as to retain the communication, between the liquor
tank a and the charging vessel 'u, open any desired period, thus supplying more or
less liquor to the tank a as may be required for the number or weight of cops to be
treated and to keep the liquor in the tank a always at the same level. When the:
camp leaves the rod the weighted lever turns the tapo and establishes...

page_text: communication between the liquor reservoir and the charging vessel u, which latter is
formed at the top with an air hole s and ball valve s', which floats in a cage on the
liquor and closes the air hole s when the charging vessel u is full.
In order to diminish friction and ensure always a good joint between the cop
carrier and carrier body c, in a cylindrical machine, see Figs. 5, 6 & 7, sheet II, we
fit the cop carrier b to rotate against the end of the carrier body c instead of around
the same.
This carrier body c serves as a cover or end for the cop carrier 6 and is
formed with segmental chambers h, h³, h³, h, for effecting the various operations, viz.
substitution, preliminary extraction, saturation and impregnation and liquor extraction
of the cops, each chamber being respectively in connection with the conduits n', k² & m,
similarly as hereinbefore described.
In lieu of forming the cop tube holes or nipples in the cop carrier in groups we
form the same in rows, at equal distances apart, all round the periphery of the cop
carrier b, a separate segmental cavity w being formed in the carrier boly c for each
row instead for a series thereof, which greatly increases the capacity of the machine
and causes the cops to be treated more effectually and uniformly.
The cop carrier b is made movable and its body c stationary on the axis d and
adjustable thereon against each other by means of nuts and to ensure an air tight
fit between the same, the respective surfaces are ground together or furnished with
rubber rings.
The space between the liquor extraction and the air exhaustion chambers h & *, in
the carrier body c hitherto forming a dead face may also be formed into a chamber,
similar as in the machine with double disc carrier, hereinbefore described, so as to
permit of extracting, from the cops, the liquor left therein from boiling as well as the
substitution of the cops.
It will further be understood that the air and liquor separator, the liquor charging
vessel, and the means for automatically closing the vacuum valve, and interrupting
the rotation of the cop carrier, bereinbefore described and in the drawings shown
applied to a machine with double disc cop carrier, are also applicable to machines for
dyeing, bleaching and otherwise treating yarn in cop or other compact form with
cylindrical and intermittent rotating cop carrier.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
"In machines for dyeing, bleaching and otherwise treating yarn in cop or other
compact form."
1st. The general construction and combination of parts operated substantially as
and for the purpose specified.
2nd. A rotary cop carrier, consisting of two discs b, 61 formed respectively with
four groups of cop tube holes or nipples g', 92, 93, 94, in combination with a stationary
central carrier body c, hermetically fitted between the carrier discs b, b¹ and formed
with a preliminary liquor or air exhaustion chamber h, primary liquor extraction
chamber h, saturation and impregnation chambers 2 & h and liquor extraction
chamber, respectively adapted to subject each circular row of cops, on the cop
carrier b, b, being rotated, to air exhaustion and after each intermittent rotation
thereof simultaneously, two cop groups to primary liquor extraction, four groups to
saturation and impregnation and two groups to liquor extraction, substantially as set
forth.
3rd. The combination with the preliminary air exhaustion chamber h having
ports n and the automatically operated vacuum valve nt, of an air and liquor separator,
in which the air charged with liquor strikes against a perforated division plate q
which causes the air to ascend and the liquor to descend into the cylinder or casing o,
furnished with an air valve o' and liquor valve o³, operated at suitable intervals by
the rotary cop carrier b, b' whereby the liquor is returned into the tank a free of air,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
4th. The rotary cop carrier b, furnished with cams p in combination with a liquor

page_text: charging vessel consisting of a cylinder or vessel u containing a floats and furnished
with an inlet and outlet valve & us, the said inlet valve through suitable mediums
being operated by the said floats and the outlet valve u by means of a lever m²
actuated by a cam m' fixed on the cop carrier shaft d, substantially as and for the
purpose specified.
5th. In a machine for dyeing, bleaching and otherwise treating yarn in cop or
other compact form with cylindrical cop carrier, the cop carrier formed with cop
tube hole or nipple rows gf all round its periphery and with a separate cavity to for
each row, in combination with a carrier body c employed stationary on the axis d,
hermetically against the end of the cop carrier b, which on being rotated successively
brings the mouth of the cavities to in communication with segmental chambers h, h³,
, h, formed in the face of the carrier body c respectively adapted to subject the cop
rows g to preliminary or air exhaustion, saturation and impregnation, liquor extraction
and substitution, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 11th day of April 189
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
Agents to Applicants.