IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU- FACTURE OF GAS AND IN APPARATUS USED IN ITS PRODUCTION
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Paul Aube, of Toulon, in the Department of the Var, in
the Republic of France, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF GAS AND IN APPARATUS USED IN ITS PRODUCTION."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Paul Aube at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th November 1877.
PAUL AUBE, of Toulon, in the Department of the Var, in the Republic of France.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS AND IN APPARATUS USED IN ITS
PRODUCTION."
My improved apparatus for the manufacture of gas is illustrated upon the
accompanying Sheet of Drawing.
In Figure 1, V indicates a windlass; F, an air vessel or receiver; X, a purifier;
C, C¹, reservoirs of fatty matters; D", tubular boiler; D, cylinder containing
manganate of soda; N, N¹, water tanks; H, carburator; K, gas holder; M, M³,
carburators.
The windlass V serves for lifting the moveable part of the receiver F. This
receiver forces air through the pipe T to the cylinder D; this air revives the man-
ganate of soda and leaves by an escape pipe I; the manganate of soda being revived
the cocks on I and E are closed.
The pipe T leads air from the receiver F to the purifier X. When the air has
arrived in the purifier X it passes through bags or compartments, in each of which
is previously spread hay or straw, and fat lime escapes by the pipe E on the
opening of the cock E', and passes into a superheating pipe from which the air is
distributed in the cylinder D containing the manganate of soda.
The cylinder D is heated by a furnace with ordinary grate D1, burning wood,
charcoal, or good coal; this fire-place has also the double object of heating the
tubular boiler D", which is not the case in any of the gas apparatus now in use.
The manganate of soda is introduced by the opening D¹.

page_text: The tubular boiler D₁ contains water, and when this water boils a cock opens
and the steam escapes by the pipe B into the cylinder D; at this moment the gas
contained in the cylinder D escapes by the pipe G, and goes into the carburator H
previously filled with water and lime, and from thence continues by the pipe J to
pass into the gas holder, where it is ready for consumption, passing through one or
two carburators M, M¹, filled with residuum of petroleum, oils of naptha, or other
fatty matters. These residuums of fatty matters after being used for some time
are returned to the receiver C. The receiver C contains fatty matters for con-
sumption; at a given moment a cock will be opened and the tank C₁ allowed to
fill. From this tank through a graduated cock escapes the fatty matter, which
infiltrates into the cylinder D, containing the manganate of soda, the purified air,
and the steam.
The two tanks N, N', are reservoirs of water in communication with the tubular
boiler.
The cock No. 3 is opened until the tank N is filled; it is then closed, the
cocks 4 and 5 being immediately opened, and by this means the boiler feeds itself
automatically.
A damper is placed in the chimney to regulate the fire, which may also be done
from the fire-place.
Figure 2 represents a section through the boiler at y, z, Fig. 1.
The joints of the apparatus may be made as follows:-Take a piece of first
quality tempered brass or copper wire, with the ends soldered together so as to
join perfectly, and place it between the two joints; then screw up or tighten the
nuts in the ordinary way, and there will be no leakage possible.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Paul Aube in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 27th May
1878.
PAUL AUBE, of Toulon, in the Department of the Var, in the Republic of France.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS AND IN APPARATUS USED IN ITS
PRODUCTION."
My improved apparatus for the manufacture of gas is illustrated upon the
accompanying Sheet of Drawing.
In Figure 1, V indicates a windlass; F, an air vessel or receiver; X, a purifier;
C, C, reservoirs of fatty matters; D¹¹, tubular boiler; D, cylinder, containing
manganate of soda; N, N¹, water tanks; H, carburator; K, gas holder; M, M₁,
carburators.
The windlass V serves for lifting the moveable part of the receiver F. This
receiver forces air through the pipe T to the cylinder D; this air revives the man-
ganate of soda, and leaves by an escape pipe I; the manganate of soda being revived
the cocks on I and E are closed.
The pipe T leads air from the receiver F to the purifier X. When the air has
arrived in the purifier X it passes through trays or compartments, in each of which
is previously spread hay or straw, and fat lime escapes by the pipe E on the
opening of the cock E, and passes into a superheating pipe from which the air is
distributed in the cylinder D, containing the manganate of soda.
The cylinder D is heated by a furnace with ordinary grate D¹, burning wood,
charcoal, or good coal; this fire-place has also the double object of heating the
tubular boiler D", which is not the case in any of the gas apparatus now in use.
The manganate of soda is introduced by the opening D'.
The tubular boiler D¹¹ contains water, and when this water boils the steam
escapes by the pipe Y, and by opening the cock passes by the pipe B into the
cylinder D; at this moment the gas_contained in the cylinder D escapes by the
pipe G, and goes into the carburator H, previously filled with water and lime, and
from thence continues by the pipe J to pass into the gas holder, where it is ready
for consumption, passing through one or two carburators M, M', filled with residuum
of petroleum, oils of naptha, or other fatty matters. These residuums of fatty
matters after being used for some time are returned to the receiver C. The
receiver C contains fatty matters for consumption; at a given moment the cock
No. 1 will be opened and the tank C allowed to fill. From this tank, through
the graduated cock No. 2, escapes the fatty matter which infiltrates into the
cylinder D, containing the manganate of soda, the purified air, and the steam.
The two tanks N, N', are reservoirs of water in communication with the tubular
boiler.
The cock No. 3 is opened until the tank N is filled; it is then closed, the cocks 4
and 5 being immediately opened, and by this means the boiler feeds itself
automatically.
A damper is placed in the chimney to regulate the fire, which may also be done
from the fire-place.
Figure 2 represents a section through the boiler at Y, Z, Figure 1, and shows a
modification of my apparatus. In this modification the bell or receiver F in
lowering, by means of the windlass V, passes the air which it contains into the
pipe T through the purifier X, which is divided, as aforesaid, by superposed trays
or into compartments containing hay, straw, and lime for the purpose of absorbing
the carbonic acid.
The purified air passing through the pipe E will be directed into the cylinder B¹
(Figure 2) which contains manganate of soda. The cock E' (Figure 1) is closed as
also the cock I. The cock C is then opened and permits the escape of the steam,
which passing into the pipe A goes to the cylinder containing the manganate of soda,

page_text: namely the cylinder B' (Fig. 2) by the pipe B, which divides into two branches,
the one joining the cylinder A' at the point m, the other joining the cylinder B' at
the point t. These two branch tubes will be provided with a graduated cock,
which may open or close all communication either with the cylinders A¹, B¹, or
with the pipe B.
The heat of the moveable grate D¹¹¹ (Fig. 1) being carried to 450 degrees of
heat, the manganate in consequence of the air and steam introduced decomposes,
disengages its oxygen, and passes into the state of oxyde of manganese. The oxygen
goes by the pipe G into the refrigerating purifier H, and from thence into the gas
bolder through the pipe J; this oxygen will pass through the case G³, containing
charcoal and potash, to be freed from its azoto and to go into the gas holder pure.
The cylinder A¹ (Fig. 2) will be divided into two parts. These two contiguous
parts will be separated by a sheet iron partition, and be in communication only by
a small opening, which will be in the upper part of the partition.
The first part of the cylinder A' will receive at the point m fatty matter and
steam. These matters driven upon the metallic surface of the cylinder will
decompose into permanent gases easily condensed. The second part of the cylinder
will contain coke. The gas coming from the first part of the cylinder will pass
through the second, charged with incandescent coke, go by the pipe G into the
refrigerating purifier H, and thence to the gas holder, from whence the gas mixed
with the oxygen produced by the decomposition of the manganate of soda will pass
through the carburators M, M³, for consumption.
Waste cork may be used as a fatty matter, but in such case the carburators M, M¹,
must be filled with a liquid fatty matter.
My improved gas may be mixed with ordinary coal gas, and this mixture will
produce a much better lighting gas than coal gas, while giving considerable
saving.
The joints of the apparatus may be made as follows:-Take a piece of first
quality tempered brass or copper wire, with the ends soldered together so as to
join perfectly, and place it between the two joints; then screw up or tighten the
nuts in the ordinary way, and there will be no leakage possible.
In witness whereof, I, the said Paul Aube, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Twenty-two day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-eight.
PAUL AUBE. (L.S.)
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