IMPROVED APPARATUS TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, APPLICABLE ALSO TO CONTROLLING THE MOTION OF TRAVELLING WEBS AND FABRICS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ephraim Sabel, of Moorgate Street, in the City of
London, Merchant, for the Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS TO BE
USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, APPLICABLE ALSO TO CONTROLLING
THE MOTION OF TRAVELLING WEBS AND FABRICS."-A communication
from abroad by F. Thiry, of Huy, in the Kingdom of Belgium, Engineer.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ephraim Sabel at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
March 1861.
I, EPHRAIM SABEL, of Moorgate Street, in the City of London, Merchant, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS
TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, AFFLICABLE ALSO TO CONTROLLING THE
MOTION OF TRAVELLING WEBS AND FABRICS," communicated to me from abroad
by F. Thiry, of Huy, in the Kingdom of Belgium, Engineer, to be as
follows:-
The object of this Invention is to restore the endless cloth or wire on which
the pulp or paper travels (in the manufacture of paper and the webs or fabrics
in other manufactures) to its true course when from any cause it has a tendency
to depart therefrom. For this purpuse I propose to use a self-acting guiding
apparatus (a sketch of which is annexed in elevation, plan, and section). The
guide cylinder or roller A is supported at one end by a fixed bearing, and at

page_text: the other by a movable bearing B. The cloth C (or wire) passes over this
roller, forming a broken line, and imparts thereto a rotatory movement. A
wooden rule or rod D, supported at each end by levers E and E, carries two
metal blades F, between which the wire or cloth passes; a small wineb or handlo
G puts in motion the lever H, which carries with or upon it a forked lever!
I. A vertical wheel J (toothed at each side) is placed so as to be acted
upon by the forked lever I as the cloth travels, it cannot quit its true direction
without displacing or drawing with it the wooden rule or rod D, which, by
means of the double armed lever E, compels the lever I, against the toothed
wheel J, on one of its faces. The screw K then receives a rotatory impulsion,
and thus places the guide cylinder out of level (right or left), according to the
displacement of the cloth. The guide roller A will only be displaced in just
proportion to the displacement of the cloth, because the forked lever I does not
follow the rectangle of the working apparatus, it being retained by the lever
E, which moves only when the cloth itself is displaced. The apparatus
releases itself, for the forked lever is disengaged from the toothed wheel by
the displacement of the conducting roller. The two books L, at the termina-
tion of any course of the apparatus, encounter (the one or the other) the frame
head M, and being so stopped the lever I is prevented from giving impulse
to the screw K. The annexed Drawing is filed for the purpose of illustrating
the Invention, but I claim the right of modifying the construction of the
apparatus during Provisional Protection.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Ephraim Sabel in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
81st August 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EPHRAIM
SABEL, of Moorgate Street, in the City of London, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Ephraim Sabel, Her special licence that I, the said Ephraim Sabel, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Ephraim
Sabel, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the

page_text: term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS TO BE USED
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, APPLICABLE ALSO TO CONTROLLING THE MOTION OF
TRAVELLING WEBS AND FABRICS," (communicated to me from abroad by F.
Thiry, of Huy, in the Kingdom of Belgium, Engineer,) upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Ephraim Sabel, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Ephraim Sabel, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto
annexed, and forming part of this my Specification, on which three Diagrams
serve to illustrate the Invention communicated to me by my correspondent
Mr. F. Thiry, before mentioned. Letters of reference are placed-upon each
of the Diagrams or Figures, serving to denote the mechanical parts herein.
after described, the same letters being used to distinguish similar parts (where
they can be seen) in each of the Figures respectively.
Figure 1 represents a side elevation of the apparatus; Figure 2, a top plan
view thereof; and Figure 8, an end view. In the manufacture of paper the
endless cloth or wire on which the pulp or paper is supported during its
progress through the machine passes over a guide roller. This cloth is liable
to displacement during the working of the machine, moving either to the one
side or the other out of its proper path unless means be used to retain it in
or restore it to its proper position. The object of this Invention is, by using
a self-acting apparatus, to guide the cloth or web in its true position, or to
restore it thereto when any displacement happens. The conducting roller A
(seen at all the Figures in the Drawing) is supported at one end by the
moveable bearing B (Figures 1, 2, and 3), its other end resting on a fixed
bearing. The web or cloth C (Figure 2 in plan and Figure 1 in profile)
passes over this roller forming a broken line, and giving a rotary motion to,
the roller D, (Figures 1, 2, and 3,) is a wooden rule which is supported at
one end by the lever E, and at the other by the lever E' (shewn most distinctly.
at Figure 2); on this rule are fitted two metal blades or plates (I prefer copper);

page_text: between these plates F, the web or cloth passes as shewn at Figure 2. A
small crank G (Figure 2) serves to impart motion to the lever II, which carries
the forked lever I (Figures 1, 2, and 3); J shews a wheel (best seen at
Figure 2) which is toothed on both its faces, so that the forked lever I may
catch therein as required. Under these arrangements the web or endless cloth
cannot displace itself without carrying with it the rule D, which, by the aid of
the double branched lever E (in plan, Figure 2,) causes the forked or curved
lever I to catch in the wheel J on one of its faces. The screw K (Figures
1 and two), it will be observed is threaded to the left, and on the combined
motion of the rule levers E and I, and wheel J, receives a rotary motion, and
thus throws the guiding cylinder or roller A out of square to the right or left
in the direction of the displacement of the web or cloth, and this change of
position in the cylinder prevents further displacement of the web or cloth.
It should be particularly observed that the conducting roller displaces as it
were itself, the displacement being caused by the self-action of the apparatus
previously described, and it should also be remarked that the conducting roller
can only displace itself in equal ratio with the displacement of the web or
cloth, as the forked or curved lever I, does not follow the rectilineal movement
of the apparatus when working, being restrained by the lever E, which only
receives motion on any displacement of the web, and from the web itself.
The apparatus releases itself, the lever I, being disengaged from the toothed
wheel J, by the displacement of the conducting roller A, this being essential
to success, otherwise the apparatus would continue to act, and cause
continual displacement of the web or cloth. The two hooks L (Figure 1)
serve to restrain the apparatus at either end of its course as one or other of
them meets with the head of the bearer M (Figures 1 and 2,) which arrests
it, and thus prevents the lever I giving motion to the screw K.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention communicated to
me by my correspondent, Mr. F. Thiry aforesaid, and the means by which it is
carried into practical effect, I desire it to be distinctly understood that I do not
confine myself to the precise details herein given or illustrated by the Drawing,
as such details may be variously modified without departing from the principle
of the Invention. Nor do I claim the exclusive use of any of the mechanical
parts described or shewn when taken separately as parts, and not in combination
or used for the purposes of this Invention; but I claim the exclusive use of
the combination of mechanical parts put together, and working essentially
as herein-before described and shewn in the Drawing, forming when so
combined a self-acting means or apparatus for regulating the motion, and

page_text: restoring the endless web or cloth to its normal position when displaced during
the working of the machinery used in the manufacture of paper; also when
used to control the motion of any travelling web or fabric.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ephraim Sabel, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
EPHRAIM SABEL. (L.s.)