AN IMPROVED STOPPER FOR BOTTLES TO CONTAIN AËRATED WATERS
Year: 1885

page_text: I JOHN STOW of The Weir Hessle, Hull in the East Riding of the County
of York Commercial Traveller do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
AN IMPROVED STOPPER FOR BOTTLES TO CONTAIN AËRATED WATERS" to be as
follows:-
"
This invention relates to the spherical glass stoppers which are used internally
in connection with an india rubber ring or seat for closing the mouths of glass
bottles employed for containing aerated waters.
It is a well known fact that such bottles are frequently charged with aerated
waters at a very high pressure and that in opening such bottles a very considerable
amount of exertion is required to force the spherical glass stopper back into the
bottle against the pressure of the gas, which pressure the forcing inwards of the
stopper actually increases and in addition to the inconvenience of having to exert
so much force, this extra pressure is frequently the cause of accident by the breaking
of the bottle in the hand whilst opening.
My invention is intended to lessen the pressure required to force in the stopper
and thus to decrease the amount of exertion in opening such bottles and to prevent
accidents by the breakage thereof.
The invention consists in forming in the surface of the spherical glass stopper
a number of shallow indentations or grooves instead of having a plain spherical
surface as heretofore.
These indentations or grooves may be made in various directions, but they must
be made of such depth only that the india rubber, against which the stopper is
forced by the outward pressure of the gas will completely close them, but as soon
as inward pressure is applied to the stopper sufficient to counteract the pressure of
the gas to a certain extent one or more of the indentations or grooves will form a
vent for the escape of the gas and the stopper will fall inwards.
The indentations or grooves may run in various directions and at right or other
angles to each other, but care must be taken that they do not, actually cross each
other without a break, as in that case the point of intersection might not become
closed by the india rubber and then the gas would escape and the aërated water
become spoiled.
If these indentations or grooves are properly made they will not interfere with
the gas-tight qualities of the stopper, but they will greatly facilitate the opening
of bottles to which they are applied, as a comparatively slight inward pressure on
the stopper will form a vent and release the gas.

page_text: An Improved Stopper for Bottles to Contain Aerated Waters.
I JOHN STOW of The Weir, Hessle Hull 'in the East Riding of the County of
York Commercial Traveller. do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
" AN IMPROVED STOPPER FOR BOTTLES TO CONTAIN AERATED WATERS
"and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the spherical stoppers made of glass china or other
suitable substance which are used internally in connection with an india rubber
ring or seat for closing the mouths of glass bottles employed for containing aerated
waters.
It is a well known fact that such bottles are frequently charged with aerated
waters at a very great pressure and that in opening such bottles a very considerable
amount of exertion is required to force the spherical glass or other stopper back
into the bottle against the pressure of the gas, which pressure the forcing inwards
of the stopper actually increases, and in addition to the inconvenience of having
to exert so much force, this extra pressure is frequently the cause of accident by
the breaking of the bottle in the hand whilst opening.
My invention is intended to lessen the pressure required to force in the spherical
stopper and thus to decrease the amount of exertion in opening such bottles and
to prevent accidents by the breakage thereof.
The invention consists in forming in the surface of the spherical glass or other
stopper by cutting moulding or otherwise a number of shallow indentations or
grooves instead of having a plain spherical surface as heretofore.
These indentations or grooves may be made in various directions and of various
forms V-shaped semicircular or otherwise, but they must be made of such a depth
only and of such a form in section that the india rubber against which the stopper
is forced by the outward pressure of the gas will completely close them, but as soon
as inward pressure is applied to the stopper sufficient to counteract the pressure of
the gas to a certain extent one or more of the indentations or grooves will form a
vent for the escape of the gas and the stopper will fall inwards.
As an illustration I have annexed hereunto a drawing showing four spherical
stoppers grooved according to my invention, but I wish it to be understood that
the indentations or grooves may run in various other directions and at right or
other angles to each other, but care must be taken that they do not actually cross
each other without a break, as in that case the point of intersection might not
become closed by the inside rubber and then the gas would escape and the aerated
water become spoiled.
If these indentations or grooves are properly made they will not interfere with
the gastight qualities, of the stopper, but they will greatly facilitate the opening of
bottles to which they are applied as a comparatively slight inward pressure on the
stopper will form a vent and release the gas.

page_text: Having now particularly described and. ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-.
An improved stopper for bottles to contain aerated waters, consisting of a glass
or other sphere indented or grooved upon the surface substantially in the manner
and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth and described.
GEORGE DAVIES,
Agent for the Applicant.