IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ROLLED IRON RAILWAY BARS OR METALS, GIRDERS, BEAMS, JOISTS, AND ANGLE IRONS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Denoon Young, of Duke Street, Adelphi, in
the County of Middlesex, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ROLLED IRON RAILWAY BARS OR METALS, GIRDERS,
BEAMS, JOISTS, AND ANGLE IRONS."
Sealed the 3rd January 1865, and dated the 7th November 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Denoon Young at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Potition, on the
7th November 1864.
I, JAMES DENOON YOUNG, of Duke Street, Adelphi, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ROLLED IRON RAILWAY BARS OR METALS,
GIRDERS, BEAMS, JOISTS, AND ANGLE IRONS," to be as follows:-
My Invention with reference to railway bars or metals consists in forming
the web or portion between the two heads or flanges in double-headed rails,
or below the head in single-headed rails, with corrugated vertical sides instead
of with plain or straight sides as usual; by this means the quantity of iron

page_text: required in proportion to the bearing strength and rigidity of the web is
diminished.
The several lengths of rails are or may be joined together by means of
"fishes" or covering plates, corrugated so as to fit the corrugations of the
webs, and fixed thereto by means of rivets or screw bolts, nuts, and washers,
the nuts or bolt heads being prevented from turning when the "fish joints'
are being tightened by their contract with the sides of the hollow parts of the
corrugations.
And my Invention with reference to girders, beams, and joists consists in
forming the web united to the flanges or tables with corrugated sides, as in
the case of the rails above described.
And my Invention with reference to angle irons consists in corrugating the
vertical web or limb so as to adapt it for receiving a correspondingly corru-
gated plate to which it is fixed by rivets or bolts in the ordinary manner.
In the case of the rails and girders, beams, and joists above referred to, the
corrugated web is rolled by means of suitably formed rollers in the same piece
with the head or heads, flanges or tables, and in the case of the angle irons
the vertical web or limb is corrugated in the process of manufacture by
suitably formed rollers and apparatus.
The "suitably formed rollers" and "suitably formed rollers and apparatus"
above mentioned are to be formed according to known methods, and are not
claimed as any part of the Invention.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Denoon Young in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 6th May 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
DENOON YOUNG, of Duke Street, Adelphi, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said James Denoon Young, Her special license that I, the said Jamės
Denoon Young, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said James Denoon Young, my executors, administrators, and assigns,

page_text: should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully.
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention.
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ROLLED IRON RAILWAY BARS OR
METALS, GIRDERS, BEAMS, JOISTS, AND ANGLE IRONS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said James Denoon Young, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said. Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office.
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said.
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Denoon Young, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same.
is to be performed, to be particularly, described and ascertained in and by
the following statement (that is to say) :-
My Invention of "Improvements in the Construction of Rolled Iron
Railway Bars or Metals, Girders, Beams, Joists, and Angle Irons, consists,
with reference to railway bars or metals, in forming the web or portion
between the two heads or flanges in double-headed rails, or below the head in
single-headed rails, with corrugated vertical sides instead of with plain or
straight sides as usual; by this means the quantity of iron required in
proportion to the lateral strength and rigidity of the webb is diminished.
The several length of rails are or may be jointed together by means of
"fishes" or covering plates, corrugated so as to fit the corrugation of the
webs, and fixed thereto by means of screw bolts, nuts, and washers, the bolt heads
being made to fit into the corrugations of the fish plates, and prevented from
turning when the fish joints are being tightened by their contact with the
sides of the hollow of the corrugations. And in order to give the nut a full
and true bearing on the opposite side of the corrugation, 1 employ a washer,
rolled hollow on the one side to fit the ridge of the corrugation, and flat on
the other sides to give a plane bearing to the under side or face of the nut
when it is screwed up.
My Invention with reference to girders, beams, and joists consists in
forming the web, which is united to the flanges or tables, or single flange or
table, with corrugated sidos, as in the case of the railway bars or metals above
described, and when such girders, beams, and joists are required to be joined
together at their ends that is effected by means of suitably corrugated covering

page_text: plates rivetted or bolted on to the web, as in the case of the railway bars or
metals above described.
And my Invention with reference to angle irons consists of corrugating the
vertical web or limb only, or in also corrugating the horizontal web or limb,
so as to adapt angle irons formed on either or both of such systems of corru-
gating to receive corresponding sheets or plates, which angle, irons and plates
may be employed in the construction of beams, joists, girders, metallic buildings,,
and similar structures. By means of combining in this manner corrugated.
angle irons with correspondingly corrugated sheets or plates many diagonal
and other bracings at present required for the purpose of giving adequate
strength and rigidity to the structures referred to are dispensed with, and this.
effect is owing to the more complete union of the parts when two suitably
corrugated surfaces are combined than is the case when two plain surfaces
are brought together.
In the railway bars or metals, girders, beams, joists, and angle irons abovo
referred to, the form of the corrugations of the web may be partially circular,
or elliptical, or angular, and the web is intended to be rolled at the same time
as the heads, flanges, on table by suitably formed rolls, which may be "two
high" or "three high," and in which the grooves or "passes" are graduated
from first receiving the "pile" to the finishing pass which delivers the
finished bars.
The mode of rolling the said railway bars or metals, girders, beams, joists,
and angle irons forms no part of my Invention, neither is my Invention
limited to the mode of rolling indicated above; and I have not thought it
necessary to describe particularly and represent by Drawings the forms of rolls
and mechanism for working them, which will be required to produce the
articles referred to with corrugations thereon, as described, as the mechanism
for the purpose is well known, and the mode of adapting the form of the
rolls to produce the particular form of corrugations required is also well
known.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I hereby declare that what I claim as of
my Invention is,―
First, the construction of rolled iron railway bars or metals, whether double
or single headed, with a corrugated web, as herein-before described.
Secondly, the construction of girders, beams, joists, and such like structures
with the web which is united in rolling to the flanges or tables, or single flango
or table, formed of rolled corrugated iron, as herein-before described.

page_text: And, lastly, the construction of angle irons with one or both webs or limbs
corrugated for the purpose described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Denoon Young, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Fourth day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
JAMES DENOON YOUNG. (L.B.)
Witness,
PAT. MUNRO,
24, West Nile St., Glasgow,
Engineer.