IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, PART OF WHICH PART OF WHICH IS APPLICABLE TO DRYING CYLINDERS FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Park, of Bury, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY EMPLOYED IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, PART OF WHICH
PART OF WHICH IS APPLICABLE TO DRYING
CYLINDERS FOR OTHER PURPOSES."."
)
Sealed the 22nd August 1865, and dated the 2nd March 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left.by, the said James, Park at the Office
of, the, Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd March
1865.
EL JAMES PARK, of Bury, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, PART OF WHICH IS APPLICABLE TO DRYING
CYLINDERS FOR OTHER PURPOSES," to be, as follows:-
My Invention consists in the application of the steam required for boiling
the rags or other materials employed in the manufacture of paper, for giving
motion to a small steam engine by which the. boiler in which the rags or
other materials are placed is caused to revolve slowly during the process
of boiling; the standards or other supports of the boiler serving as
foundation for the steam engine.
Another part of my. Invention consists in an improved combination of
machinery for keeping the endless.wire cloth or felt of paper-making machines
nearly at right angles to the rollers over which it revolves; to one of these.
[Price 8d.1

page_text: rollers is fixed a scroll for working two palls, the axle of the roller works in a
bearing through which a screw passes, and on this screw is fixed a tooth wheel
which is turned round alternately in contrary directions by the two palls
above referred to; these palls are in communication with a rod passing under
the wire cloth or felt. The irregularities in the position of the wire cloth or
felt acting on the rod bring either pall in geer with the toothed wheel, and
cause the roller to assume a diagonal position until the wire cloth or felt has
regained its proper position, at which time both palls are out of gear.
Another part of my Invention consists in an improved combination of
machinery for cutting paper. The motions of this machine are continuous,
so that the paper passes through uniterruptedly, and the cutting knife
instead of being placed at right angles to the paper as now customary, is
set diagonally, so that the cross cut may be square. The action of the knife,
and consequently the length of the sheets cut off, is governed by change
wheels, so as to be able to vary the length of sheet.
Another part of my Invention consists in constructing the drying cylinders
of paper-drying machines with cast metal shells and wrought iron ends, the
ends being rivetted to the shells to avoid the necessity of making a joint with
cement or otherwise, and to economise labor and material. This mode of
constructing cylinders is also applicable for calico and other drying cylinders.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Park in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th
August 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
PARK, of Bury, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said James Park, Her special license that I, the said James Park,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said James
Park, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY

page_text: EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, PART OF WHICH IS APPLICABLE TO
DRYING CYLINDERS FOR OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said James Park, my executors or administrators; by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, 'should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Park, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say):-
My Invention consists, first, in the application of the steam required for
boiling the rags or other materials employed in the manufacture of paper
for giving motion to a small steam engine, by which the boiler for the rags
or other materials is caused to revolve slowly during the process of boiling,
the standards or other supports of the boiler serving as foundation for the
steam engine.
Secondly, in an improved combination of machinery for keeping the endless
wire cloth or felt of paper machines nearly at right angles to the rollers
over which it revolves.
Thirdly, in an improved combination of machinery for cutting paper.
And, lastly, in constructing the drying cylinders of paper drying machines
with cast metal shells and wrought-iron ends, the ends being rivetted to the
shells to avoid the necessity of making a joint with cement or otherwise,
and to economize labour and material. This mode of constructing cylinders
is also applicable for calico and other drying cylinders.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into operation, I will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet
of Drawings, reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is an end view, and Figure 2 a side view of my improved steam
boiling apparatus.
a is a cylindrical boiler containing the rags or other materials employed in
the manufacture of paper. This boiler is supported on the hollow trunnions b;
c is the supply pipe to convey the steam to the cylinder e, and d is a pipe by
which the off steam is conveyed to the boiler a; c'is another pipe at the other
end of the boiler to supply more steam to the boiler when required.
cylinder e is provided with a piston connected by a connecting rod to the
crank shaft e', and this shaft by means of the pinion e³, wheel e³, shaft e4,
T'he

page_text: worm es, and large wheel a', gives a slow rotary motion to the boiler a during
the process of boiling. The cylinder e, the slides of the piston rod, cross head,
and the bearings in which the shafts e¹ and e' revolve, are all fixed to the
standard 6', thereby dispensing with a separate foundation for the steam
engine. The steam for turning round the boiler a is taken from the cylinder e
as above described, consequently as soon as the boiling is finished the supply
of steam is shut off from the boiler, and allowed to escape through the tap
at the top of the pipe d; by this means the rotary motion of the boiler can
be continued while it is being emptied.
Figures 3 and 4 represent two views of part of a paper-making machine to
which my improved self-acting regulator is applied. fis the guide roller of the
machine, and the line f" represents the endless wire cloth or felt passing as usual
over the rollerf; the axle of the roller frevolves in the bearings f²; the lower
ends of these bearings form nuts and fit on the screws g, which are supported
in brackets k fixed to the framing of the machine. To the axle of the rollerf
is fixed a grooved cam or scroll f³ taking into a lever h which vibrates on the
fulcrum h. To the stud projecting from the lever hare jointed two catches.
or palls hand, which act when required on the ratchet wheels g' and g³
keyed on the end of the screw g; the teeth of these ratchet wheels point in
contrary directions. At the end of the screw g is a plate g', in which are
radial slots for the stud i, i, which act alternately on the catches h² and h³
to lift them out of gear with their ratchet wheels; to the plate g' is jointed
the end of the rod 3 passing under the wire cloth or felt f'; to this rod are
fixed two adjustable plates 2, one being set up to each selvage of the wire
cloth or felt.
The mode of operation is as follows, and the Drawing represents the parts
in the positions they occupy when the wire cloth or felt is at right angles
to the roller f, the catches h² and h³ are both out of gear with the ratchet
wheels g³ and g³.
The irregularities in the position of the wire cloth or felt cause the selvages
thereof to move the plates i³ in one direction or the other; if the selvage move
the plate in the direction of the arrow in Figure 4, the rod ³ moves the
plate g' in the direction of its arrow until the stud passes from under the
catch h², which then drops into gear with the ratchet wheel, consequently
as the lever h vibrates the catch h³ turns the screw g round until the roller f
assumes a diagonal position, which counteracts the lateral motion of the wire
cloth or felt, and causes it to resume its proper position on the guide roller.
In like manner when the selvage acts on the plate on the opposite side of
the machine, the rod 3 moves the plate g' in the contrary direction of the

page_text: arrow in Figure 4, thus bringing the catch h³ into gear with the ratchet wheel
g3 and moving the guide roller in the reverse direction. When the wire
cloth or felt is working in its proper position both catches h³ and h³ are held
out of gear.
Figures 5 and 6 represent in elevation and plan part of a paper-cutting
machine to which my improvements are applied. I, I, are the rollers on which
the paper to be cut is wound; m is the roller under which the paper passes,
and n is an endless cloth to guide the paper to the rotary cutters o and
between the rollers p in the ordinary manner The cutting knife q is fixed
to discs on the axle q', and it cuts the paper when passing over the edge of
the blader; these parts are connected to a frame swivelling on the stud r',
the diagonal position of the frame being adjusted by a screw r². The draw
p are driven from the cutting knife q by change wheels, the number
of teeth in which can be varied according to the length of sheet required.
By thus mounting the cutting knife q and the blade r on a swivel frame,
and connecting the draw rollers and cutting blade by gearing, a positive
motion is given to the parts, and the transverse cut is at all times square
with the sides of the paper.
rollers
Figures 7 and 8 are an elevation and plan of a mode of applying my im-
provements to paper-cutting machines for cutting single sheets. 8 are the
calendar bowls supposed to be applied to the end of the paper-making
machine; o, o, are the circular cutters for cutting the paper longitudinally;
P, p', are the draw rollers; q is the cutting blade, and q' the edge over
which the paper is cut, supported in a swivel frame as before described.
The larger draw roller p and the axle of the cutting blade 1 are connected
by change wheels, in the manner and for the purposes described in reference
to Figures 5 and 6.
Figure 9 represents a section of one end of a drying cylinder constructed
according to my improvements. t is part of the shell of the cylinder made
of cast iron or other suitable metal; u is the hollow trunnion, and is the
wrought iron end which is rivetted to a flange in the interior of the cylinder.
In the ordinary mode of constructing drying cylinders the ends are made
of cast iron and bolted to the shell, and a layer of packing or cement is
introduced to make a steam-tight joint, but by rivetting wrought iron ends
to the shell as above described, greater strength and a perfect metallic
joint is obtained, and fractures by change of temperature are avoided.
This improved mode of constructing cylinders is applicable to machines for
drying paper, calico, and other articles.

page_text: Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner
of performing the same, I declare that I claim,
First, the combination of a steam engine with the boiler in which rags
or other materials employed in the manufacture of paper are boiled.
Secondly, the improved combination of self-acting machinery shewn and
described for regulating the lateral position of the endless wire cloth or
felt of paper-making machines.
Thirdly, I claim as my improvements in paper-cutting machines the
combination of a swivel frame for the cutting blade, and the change wheels
for connecting the cutting blade to the draw rollers as described.
And, lastly, the improved mode of constructing drying cylinders, as shewn
and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Park, have hereto set my hand
and seal, the Twenty-fifth day of August, One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-five.
JAMES PARK. (L.s.)