IMPROVE- MENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Loader, of Upper Clifton Street, Worship
Square, and William Henry Child, of Worship Street, Finsbury,
both in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STEAM BOILERS."
Sealed the 10th June 1870, and dated the 22nd December 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Loader and
William Henry Child at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 22nd December 1869.
We, JOHN LOADER, of Upper Clifton Street, Worship Square, and
WILLIAM HENRY CHILD, of Worship Street, Finsbury, both in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows:-
The Invention has for its object improvements in steam boilers
whereby steam may be more rapidly generated and a thorough circulation
of the water in the boiler maintained. For this purpose we place in the
interior of the boiler a solid or hollow "displacer," which occupies a
large portion of the space, so as to leave a comparatively thin water space
all round between the boiler and the displacer. Around the displacer,
about midway between it and the shell of the boiler, we place a tube or
plates, the lower end of such tube or plates being within a short distance

page_text: of the bottom of the boiler and the top opening into the upper part of
the water space, so as to obtain an effective circulation of the water in
the boiler. The displacer may be made of any suitable material, and if
hollow it should be made strong enough to resist the pressure of the
steam in the boiler on the outside thereof, whilst the interior is cut off
from any communication with the steam or water in the boiler excepting
that a small escape valve is placed in the crown thereof to permit of the
escape of any air or steam therein in case the interior pressure should be
greater than the exterior.
The foregoing description relates to upright cylindrical boilers, which
we prefer to arrange in a series consisting of a comparatively large
central boiler surrounded, by a number of smaller boilers, all of which at
their lower ends communicate with a water space, which may surround
the fire-box, and at their upper ends the steam spaces of all the boilers
are connected together.
The Invention is also applicable to other forms and descriptions of
boilers, only slight modifications such as will be well understood being
required.
We would here remark that it has previously been proposed to employ
displacers occupying a similar position to that before described, but such
have been open to the steam space of the boiler, consequently as the
steam has gradually condensed water has collected therein, whereby its
utility was destroyed, but by the use of our Invention a much more
efficient action is obtained.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, 2
filed by the said John Loader and William Henry Child in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd June 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
LOADER, of Upper Clifton Street, Worship Square, and WILLIAM HENRY
CHILD, of Worship Street, Finsbury, both in the County of Middlesex, 3
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the
thirty-third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc- 3

page_text: cessors, give and grant unto us, the said John Loader and William
Henry Child, Her special licence, that we, the said John Loader and
William Henry Ohild, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said John Loader and William Henry Child,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said John Loader and William Henry Child, our executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Loader and William Henry
Child, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The Invention has for its object improvements in steam boilers
whereby steam may be more rapidly generated and a thorough cir-
culation of the water in the boiler maintained. For this purpose we
place in the interior of the boiler a solid or hollow "displacer," which
occupies a large portion of the space so as to leave a comparatively thin
water space all round between the boiler and the "displacer." Around the
displacer, about midway between it and the shell of the boiler, we place
a tube or plates, the lower end of such tube or plates being within a
short distance of the bottom of the boiler, and the top opening into the
upper part of the water space so as to obtain an effective circulation of
the water in the boiler. The displacer may be made of any suitable
material, and if hollow it should be made strong enough to resist the
pressure of the steam in the boiler on the outside thereof, whilst the
interior is cut off from any communication with the steam or water in
the boiler excepting that a small escape valve is placed in the crown
thereof to permit of the escape of any air or steam therein in case the
interior pressure should be greater than the exterior.

page_text: The foregoing description relates to upright cylindrical boilers, which
we prefer to arrange in a series consisting of a comparatively large
central boiler surrounded by a number of smaller boilers, all of which at
their lower ends communicate with a water space, which may surround
the fire-box, and at their upper ends the steam spaces of all the boilers
are connected together

page_text: as to form a secure and water-tight connection between the several
boilers. The holes are then stopped by screw plugs i, as shewn. The
upper ends of the boilers a, b, are connected together at the steam spaces
by pipes or tubes j. We prefer to form the displacers e, f, flat at the
top, as we have found by employing that form that the sediment to a
great extent accumulates thereon.
At Figure 4 we have shewn a slight modification of the description of
boiler herein-before described. In this case the boilers 6 are prolonged
and spread out at their lower ends so as to surround the furnace k, as
shewn.
We would here remark that although we have only shewn and
described the application of our improvements to one description of
boiler, the Invention is also equally applicable to other descriptions and
forms of boilers, as will be readily understood by any competent
mechanic.
We would further remark that it has previously been proposed to
employ displacers occupying a similar position to that before described,
but such have been open to the steam space of the boiler, consequently
as the steam has gradually condensed water has collected therein,
whereby its utility was destroyed, but by the use of our Invention a
much more efficient action is obtained.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention and the mode
in which we carry the same into effect, we would have it understood that
what we claim is, the novel combination and arrangement of displacers
c, d, with circulating tubes or plates e, f, in the construction of steam
boilers, in manner and for the purpose substantially as herein shewn and
described.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Loader and William Henry
Child, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Seventeenth
day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
JOHN LOADER.
(L.S.)
WILLIAM HENRY CHILD. (L.S.)