IMPROVEMENTS IN BATCHING JUTE
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Stewart, of Dundec, in the County of Forfar,
North Britain, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BATCHING JUTE."
LETTERS PATENT to William Stewart, of Dundee, in the County of Fortar,
North Britain, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BATCHING JUTE."
Sealed the 16th August 1878, and dated the ist March 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Stewart at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st March 1878.
WILLIAM STEWART, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar, North Britain. "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN BATCHING JUTE."
This Invention, which relates to improvements in batching jute, has for its object
to supersede the use of whale oil, seal oil, and mineral oil for the batching operation,
whether that operation is performed by hand or in a batching machine.
The present improvements in batching consist in the employment for that purpose
of a saponified or saponifiable substance, which when diluted with water to the
requisite extent to cause it to flow freely constitutes the batching liquid, and by
using a saponified or saponifiable substance in lieu of whale oil, seal oil, and mineral
oil the batched jute is much purer in colour, bleaches to a greater degree of white-
ness, is better adapted for receiving colours in dyeing operations, produces stronger
yarn, and at the same time keeps the machinery in which it is afterwards treated in
a cleaner state.
For the purposes of this Invention the batching liquid may be composed of
four lbs. of common soap and two lbs. of soft soap, which are dissolved in
sixteen gallons of water; sixteen or twenty gallons more of water, having two oz.
of caustic soda dissolved therein, are also provided, and the two liquids when mixed
together constitute the batching liquid.
It is to be understood that the foregoing proportions may be varied, and a single
soap, or a mixture of more than two saponified substances diluted with water, may
be used to supersede oils with the advantages herein-before mentioned.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Stewart in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 21st August
1878.
WILLIAM STEWART, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar, North Britain. " IM-
PROVEMENTS IN BATCHING JUTE."
My said Invention, which relates to improvements in batching jute, has for its
object to substitute or supersede the use of whale oil, seal oil, and mineral oil for
the batching operation, whether that operation be performed by hand or in a
batching machine.
The said improvements in batching jute consist in the employment for that
purpose of a saponified substance (that is, soap), which when diluted with water to
the extent requisite to cause it to flow freely constitutes the batching liquid, and by
using a saponified substance in lieu of whale oil, seal oil, and mineral oil the batched
jute is much purer in colour, bleaches to a greater degree of whiteness, is better
adapted for receiving colours in dyeing operations, produces stronger yarns, and
at the same time keeps the machinery in which it is afterwards treated in a cleaner
state.
For the purposes of my Invention the batching liquid may be composed of
four pounds of common soap and two pounds of soft soap, to which are added
sixteen gallons of water, and the compound is heated or boiled until the soap is
perfectly dissolved, when the compound is allowed to cool. From sixteen to twenty
gallons more of water, having about two ounces of caustic soda dissolved therein,
are also provided, and the two liquids when mixed together constitute the batching
liquid, which may be used in batching the jute either cold or heated to a tempe-
rature of about 100° Fahrenheit.
Another mode of preparing the batching liquid is to add six pounds of soap (any
kind of soda soap will answer) to seven gallons of water. The mixture is then
heated or boiled until the soap is thoroughly dissolved, when the said mixture is
allowed to cool. Before the mixture is used for batching jute from twenty-six to
thirty gallons of water, having dissolved in it about two ounces of caustic soda,
are added to the said mixture. The batching liquid thus formed is preferably
heated to, and used in batching at, a temperature of about 100° Fahrenheit, but
this heating is not essential.
The liquid used for diluting as aforesaid may in both cases be heated before it is
so used, or it may be used cold; also the soda may be omitted therefrom in cases
where the soap or soaps used are of themselves sufficiently alkaline.
The heating of the mixtures or compounds of soap and water greatly facilitates
the dissolving of the soap or soaps, but such heating may be dispensed with if the
dissolving of the soap can be conveniently effected without heat.
I have herein stated the proportions of ingredients which I have found to answer
well in practice, but I wish it to be understood that the said proportions may be
varied, and that one saponified substance or soap, or a mixture of more than two
saponified substances or soaps diluted with water, may be used to substitute or
supersede oils in the batching of jute, with the advantages herein-before mentioned.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said In-
vention, and the system, mode, or manner in or under which the same is or may be
used or practically carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I
consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to
me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the herein-before described
improvements in batching jute, that is to say, batching jute by means of a saponified
substance (that is, a soap), or a mixture of two or more saponified substances

page_text: (namely, soaps) diluted with water, and with or without the addition of caustic
Boda.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Stewart, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this 14th day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-eight.
WILLIAM STEWART. (L.S.)