IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING GAS BURNERS AND BURNERS FOR CONSUMING OIL, TALLOW, OR OTHER MATTERS
Year: 1843

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
FARADAY, of Wardour Street, Soho, in the County of Middlesex, Gas Fitter,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twenty-fifth day of March, in the sixth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Robert Faraday, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said Robert Faraday, my exors, adiňors, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Robert Faraday, my exors, adññiors, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the
term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might, make, use,
exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING GAS BURNERS AND
BURNERS FOR CONSUMING OIL, TALLOW, OR OTHER MATTERS," communicated to
me from abroad; in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that
I, the said Robert Faraday, shall cause a particular description of the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more
fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Robert Faraday, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say:-
This Invention consists of a means of ventilating lamp burners, whether they
are consuming gas, oil, or other matters, and consequently whether using wicks
or not, the object being so to arrange the glass chimneys used, that the products
obtained by combustion may pass up the inner glass or chimney, and then,
in place of passing into the atmosphere of the room or place in which the same
is burning, such products of combustion are, by a downward draft, caused to
descend downwards and be conducted by a suitable tube or enclosed passage
out of the room or place in which the lamp is situated. It will not be neces-
sary to enter into a particular description of the various construction of lamps
which are used, as a similar construction or arrangement of parts may be
applied to various constructions of lamps.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
The Drawing, Figure 1, represents a gas burner, having the Invention
applied thereto. "a is the supply pipe from a gas main; b, the stop cock; e is
an argand burner, all which are of the ordinary construction; in place thereof
the burner of the same size of an oil lamp or lamp burning other matters
might be introduced, or the apparatus about to be described might be made to
a proper size and varied so as to suit other lamps, whether for consuming gas
or other matters. f, a tube or passage for conveying away the products of
combustion from the burner, and this tube may be made of any suitable figure
or material, depending on locality and other circumstances; g is a gallery or
chamber formed on this tube or passage, for carrying the glass chimneys h and
i, there being an opening through the gallery into the tube or passage f,
opposite the space between the glasses h and i, so that the products of combus-
tion, coming from the interior of the glass or cylinder h (which I prefer to
make of glass not having any lead in it), may pass from between the glasses h
and i into the tube or passage f, and thence into the outer atmosphere, or other
place, according to where the pipe, tube, or passage f is conducted; the upper
end of the glass i is closed, so as to prevent the products of combustion passing
in that, direction; and I prefer to cover the top with a sheet of mica j in a
proper frame k, as is shown, or it may be done by other convenient means.
The effect of this arrangement will be that all the products of combustion will

page_text: pass up the glass h, then pass down between the outside of the glass h-and
the inside of the glass i, and thence be conducted away out fof the room or
other place in which the burner is placed. is a ground glass shade, the shape
of which may be varied according to taste; or, when desired; no ground glass
shade is to be used... It will therefore be understood that the peculiarity of
this mode of ventilating lamps, or the burners of lamps, is, that the products
of combustion, having passed-up through a chimney h, are to be caused to pass
down outside, thereof, there being. another glass or chimney i (closed at top)
applied as described, so as to conduct the products of combustion, whether
from burning gas or other materials, into a suitable-passage, pipe, or tube,
suitably arranged for, conducting those products out of the room or place in
which the burner is placed. In some cases it has been found, in small rooms,
that the sudden shutting of a door has created a partial vacuity, and that the
air has tended to return through the passage f.. In order to prevent this effect,
I have, in such cases, applied a light valve to the passage f, opening into the
room, so that the force of air may overcome that valve in place of passing
through the passage f as far as the burner or burners, as is indicated at
Figure 2, y being a light valve; or a valve for like purposes may be placed in
any convenient part of the apparatus; or the passage of the rush of air so
occasioned may be prevented going to the burners, by means of a stop or
deflector, as is represented at Figure 3, where f is the passage for the products
of combustion, and is a continuation of that passage f, so as to conduct the
products of combustion out of the room; is a stop, which deflects off any
sudden rush of air from the pipe f¹, so that it does not enter the pipe f, whilst
the draft ordinarily in the pipe f will carry off the products of combustion
passing from the pipe f to the pipe f¹. In some cases, particularly where the
passages or pipes f are, for a considerable length, in a horizontal or inclined
direction downwards, I conduct them into a chimney, in order to take advan-
tage of the draft therein, or a fan or other well-known means may be resorted
to for obtaining a free draft in the pipes or passages f, to insure the products
in those passages or pipes f being caused to pass freely away. It should be
remarked, that in order to obtain the necessary draft through the tube, pipe,
or passage f, when first lighting the lamp, the tube or passage is to be first
heated by a gas or other flame, as is shown at m, Fig. 1; or the draft through
the pipe or tube f may be obtained, and, when necessary, maintained by any
convenient means, such as by passing into a chimney, or by a fan or otherwise,
as above mentioned; and when the lamp has been lighted for a short time the
heated products passing through the passage or tube f will, in most cases,
keep up the draft in that direction. I would also remark that I do not confine

page_text: myself to the shapes of the parts, nor the direction in which the tube or pipe f
is carried, so long as the apparatus is suitably arranged for causing the
products of combustion to pass away.from the burner of a lamp, according to
the manner described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Faraday, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-three.