IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBING MACHINES
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ernest de Pass, of the Office for British and Foreign
Patents, 68, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent Agent, for an Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBING MACHINES." A communication from abroad
by Joseph Imbs, of 17, Boulevard Saint-Martin, Paris, France, Engineer.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ernest de Pass at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th August 1881.
ERNEST DE PASS, of the Office for British and Foreign Patents, 68, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBING MACHINES."
A communication from abroad by Joseph Imbs, of 17, Boulevard Saint-Martin,
Paris, France, Engineer.
This Invention relates to improvements in various parts of combing machines,
and more particularly in those machines known as Imb's combing machines, or
machines constructed on the same principle.
My first improvement relates to the combing of the head of the sliver, improving
the working of the finishing comb for the same.
In machines of the class above mentioned as heretofore constructed, a peculiar
arrangement was provided for this purpose, I improve this arrangement as
follows:-
Heretofore the finishing comb was fixed at its ends to two levers which were
raised by a cam at the desired moment. The finishing comb thus raised, descended
before the large main comb, so as to leave the waste on this latter, and in descending
was withdrawn behind a fixed blade or bar. In practice it was not possible to
prevent the finishing comb from retaining a certain quantity of waste, and this was
detrimental to satisfactory working.
Now to remedy all defects of this kind, I provide the two levers with sleeves,
furnish the comb with two pivots engaging with said sleeves, and I thereby impart
to the comb (after or during its down stroke), a rearward rotary motion so as to
throw it on to the cleaning brush which is below it, in order that it may be
perfectly cleaned by this brush at each stroke.

page_text: Then by an inverse rotary motion the cleaning comb is again brought into an
almost vertical position which is necessary for enabling it to enter at the following
stroke into the head of the sliver to be finished.
I can effect this rotary motion of the finishing comb, combined with its rise and
descent in various ways. By preference, I employ however a small pinion placed
at the end of one of the pivots on the comb. A lever provided with a rack or
toothed sector, gearing into the same pinion oscillates at the side of the lever which
carries and raises the comb, and around the same pivot as the lever which carries
the comb, so that the rack and the pinion are always concentric with each other.
A cam imparts to the rack lever a sufficient circunferential motion around the
pinion, and this movement being reciprocating, turns the pinion and the comb
successively in opposite directions at the time and to the extent which are
requisite.
In machines of the above named class as hitherto constructed, the eccentric or
frame of the main comb holder has been arranged in a peculiar manner with a view
of rendering the motion of such holder more quiet and progressive. In that
arrangement under pressure was used and effected by springs constantly pressing
the frame of the comb holder below the eccentric, thus rendering two friction
rollers fixed at the bottom of the frame effective. This under pressure was applied
(as stated) by two springs; these were furnished with chains causing two pinions
to rotate in order to raise a rack fixed vertically to a rod beneath the frame. This
manner of applying the under pressure below the frame has certain inconveniences,
such as rapid wear of the chains, stiff working of the pinions and of the rack. In
place of this arrangement, I now purpose to place two levers under the frame, and
to apply the springs to the opposite arm of each lever.
It is sometimes necessary that the cleaning brush should for certain very
adherent textile materials, work at a great speed to ensure the cleaning of the
combs. I now propose to drive said brush by a pair of eccentric toothed wheels.
Its speed will thus at each revolution progressively increase and then decrease, and
by utilizing the moment of its greatest speed for the cleaning, I obtain a better
working with less effort, the brush cleaning as much or as well with two
revolutions for each operation'as previously with five or six.
In the Specification of Letters Patent, No. 3473, dated 2nd September 1878,
and granted to the said Joseph Imbs, a method is described of applying pressure to
the seizing nipper only when the same is closed without straining the springs of
the same when the nipper is opened.
This result was attained by fixing the rollers upon which the closed levers act,
not on the upper seizing nipper itself (as formerly), but upon the crosspiece which
is below the said nipper, enclosing the rods-of-the-same-and-which-crosspiece-carries
the springs which directly exert pressure (say by two levers) upon those points of
the nipper where this is necessary. This method is very useful for fibrous material
of great resistance, as it allows the use of stronger springs without stretching the
same too much, it has however one disadvantage. The points at which the rollers
are fixed (on a level with the crosspiece) being very high, and nearly at the top or
upper end of the rods, cause these rods to be rapidly worn out, they being acted
upon at their upper part by the resistance of rotation offered by the rollers when
subjected to the pressure of the springs, and the said rods are thus liable frequently
to break.
I now propose to place the points, at which this resistance of the rollers to
rotation acts upon the rods considerably lower. I fix the journals of the rollers,
not upon the crosspiece as heretofore, but on intermediary pieces whose upper part
is attached to the crosspiece, and these intermediary pieces by two lugs engaging
with the seizing nippers somewhat like a slide. The point at which the strain is
exerted upon the rods is thus brought down to the lower end of the upper seizing
nipper, that is to say, very near to the lower end of the rods, and I can thus exert
all the necessary pressure without straining the rods. The said intermediary pieces
carry at their lower part a lug provided with a set screw below the end of the

page_text: upper nipper, and the lifting of the rollers (in the movement in which it takes
place), thus directly causes the rising of the seizing nipper by its two ends with all
the requisite precision, whilst formerly the crosspiece lifted this nipper in a much
less favourable manner by drawing it up from the top by rods specially provided
for the purpose.
It is well known, moreover, that the combed slivers have formerly been laid one
upon the other, either directly by a brush, or by a circular roller with a pile surface
oscillating in relative contact with the seizing nipper, say by means of a soft
segmental brush carrying the sliver upon an oscillating doffer, and causing the
former to penetrate into the teeth of the doffer. In most cases the use of this
doffer is much to be preferred, as it imparts perfect consistency and evenness to the
fleece. But this doffer in this arrangement requires a clearing comb. Hitherto
either an ordinary beating clearing comb has been used or a fixed comb, as the
oscillation of the doffer may be caused to clear the fleece upon the said fixed comb.
In this latter case a certain amount of injurious drag upon the fleece takes
place between the doffer and the comb. On the other hand a beating comb has
the disadvantage of requiring quick heavy gearing, this being rather expensive and
necessitating much lubrication. Moreover, the rapid strokes of this comb upon a
superimposed fleece always partially destroys the valuable cohesion obtained in the
doffer, this being objectionable. An intermediary motion has now been devised
for this purpose; it consists in causing the comb to make only one slight motion
for each operation. This slight motion does not, as is usual, take place tangentially
to the doffer, but normally thereto. The comb comes into contact with the doffer,
moving a little away therefrom when the upward stroke of the doffer has pressed
the fleece into the teeth of the comb.
The doffer continuing to rise, and the comb moving away a little, the clearing
of the fleece takes place without shaking or irregular drawing, the fleece preserving
perfect cohesion. Appropriate motion of the comb is obtained by suitably placing
its centre of oscillation, and a single arm raised once for each operation by an
eccentric stud will suffice for working the comb.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Ernest de Pass in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 25th February
1882.
ERNEST DE PASS, of the Office for British and Foreign Patents, 68, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBING MACHINES."
A communication from abroad by Joseph Imbs, of 17, Boulevard Saint Martin,
Paris, France, Engineer.
This Invention relates to improvements in various parts of combing machines,
and more particularly to machines known as Imbs' combing machines, and
described in the Specifications of Letters Patent, No. 10 of 1869, No. 2313 of 1876,
No. 3473 of 1878, No. 542 of 1879, No. 3874 of 1879, No. 64 of 1880, and
No. 2234 of 1880, or to machines constructed on the same, or on similar principles.
The Invention will be readily understood on reference to the accompanying
Drawings, in which
Figures 1, 3, 4, 5 (Sheet 1), and 6, 7, 8, and 9 (Sheet 2) represent on a scale of
half size, and Fig. 2 (Sheet 1) in full size, the details of the principal improve-
ments about to be described.
First, as regards the improvement relating to the combing of the head of the
sliver by means of a finishing comb for this head. In Patent No. 2234, dated.
1st June 1880, and granted to me as a communication from the said Joseph Imbs,
an arrangement for this purpose was described, and this arrangement it is now
sought to further improve. This finishing comb was fixed at its ends to two
levers which were raised by cams, and this comb was lowered before the main
cleaning comb, so as to leave all the waste in the latter, and on descending the
first named comb withdrew behind a fixed bar or blade. In practice it was not
possible to prevent this finishing comb retaining a certain quantity of waste, which
is so detrimental to good working. Now in order to remedy this defect, the
following improvement has been devised :-
A (Figures 1 and 2, Sheet 1), are the two levers carrying the comb ; these
levers, according to this Invention are now furnished with sleeves a, the comb
being furnished with journals or gudgeons a¹ fitting into the sleeves a.
A backward rotary movement is imparted to the comb when it has descended,
or during its descent, so-as-to-throw-it-on-to-(or-cause-it-to-bear-against)-the-
cleaning brush B2 below it, so that by said brush it will be perfectly cleaned at
each stroke. Then by a reverse rotary movement the finishing comb returns to
the almost vertical position requisite to enable it to effect a moment later its
reascent into the head to be recombed. This rotary movement of the finishing
comb, combined with its rise and fall, can be effected in various ways; the following
arrangement is however the one preferred:-A small pinion b is fixed on the end of
one of the journals or gudgeons a' ; a lever B is provided with a rack or toothed
segment B which gears into the pinion b, the lever B oscillates at the side of the
lever A, which carries and raises the corresponding end of the comb, and around
the same axle c as said lever A, so that the rack and the pinion always remain
concentric. The two levers A and the finishing comb are raised and lowered by
friction rollers which travel under or in curves g¹, g¹. A cam G acting on the
friction roller g² imparts to the rack lever B a sufficient circumferential movement
around the pinion b, which is thus driven and rotates the comb to and fro to the
requisite extent and at the appropriate moment. The weight of the parts them-
selves ensures their descent, or suitable springs may be added thereto. In any
case the portion G' of the cam G, which causes the descent of the rack B¹, can be
so made as to ensure the return of the comb to its vertical position at the

page_text: desired moment without delay. V, VI, are set screws which serve to limit the
downward movement of the levers A. and B. The screw V₁ on the lever B abuts
against the lever A, and this ensures a perfectly even motion of the comb 7,
whilst the levers are raised to cause the comb to act. To more perfectly shew the
operations of these parts, I have indicated in dotted lines the feed nipper P and
the large main comb P¹, in approximately the position they assume when the
finishing comb rises to become operative.
The feed nipper P at this moment is about to begin its return stroke, but its
backward movement is arrested for a moment in order to allow the finishing comb
to enter the sliver.
The rack is shewn in front of the pinion, but it can be at the back thereof, and a
suitable cam provided.
II. For certain very adherent textile materials the cleaning brush B (Fig. 1,
Sheet 1) has to work at a very high speed, in order to ensure the cleaning of the
combs.
On the other hand this high speed is useful only at the moment when the brush
acts on the combs, and puts unnecessary strain on the machine at all other times.
Therefore this brush B2 is now driven by two eccentric or elliptical wheels D, D¹,
one of which is mounted for instance on the central shaft o, and the other on an
intermediate stud o¹. The wheel D' carries the usual pinion D³, gearing with the
pinion D³ of the brush. The speed of the brush is thus caused to increase and to
decrease progressively at each revolution of the machine, and the moment of its
greatest speed is utilized for effecting the cleaning. The brush is thus rendered
quite as effective in making two revolutions per operation, as in making 5 or 6 as
formerly.
III. The upper feeding nipper in these machines, as heretofore constructed, is
generally raised by two levers, on which it rests and travels as it were on two
friction rollers fixed to the nipper. Springs bearing against a presser cross bar
fixed at the top of the slide rods of the nipper impart directly or by means of
intermediate levers pressure to the upper feeding nipper, and these springs are
tightened in proportion as the nipper opens. This arrangement is, on account of
its simplicity, very suitable for operating upon fibres which do not slip much or
offer great resistance and where only slight pressure is required. But for fibrous
materials, offering more resistance and requiring a stronger nipping, pressure has
heretofore been applied only during the closing of the nipper. The result just
described was attained by not mounting the friction rollers on the nipper, but at
the two ends of the upper presser cross bar, which in this case is left free on the
slide rods. Two rigid and suitably raised levers actuated the friction rollers of
this cross bar, raising it and causing it to raise the nipper during the opening, then
lowering the cross bar, this causing the descent of the nipper, and finally pressing
the cross bar against the pressure springs, these then acting on the closed nipper.
This arrangement had a serious defect. The whole nipper had to move to and fro
during this operation of opening and closing and of compression, and for this
to and fro motion the lower nipper was driven. On this lower nipper are fixed
the slide rods, which carry and drive or actuate the upper nipper.
The friction rollers, on which the necessarily considerable pressure bears, being
mounted at the ends of the cross bar and therefore very high up and nearly at the
top of the slide rods, these rods in the to and fro motion of the nipper had to
bear at their upper extremities the rolling pressure of the friction rollers, and the
said rods thus acted upon at their upper extremities became considerably strained
and often broke.
To remedy this defect the following arrangement, shewn in Figs. 3, 4, and 5
(Sheet 1), has been devised:-
The journals or gudgeons of the friction rollers are not fixed at the two ends of
the cross bar, but are lowered and are fixed to pieces H, or they are made in one
piece with said pieces H. These are fixed by their upper ends to the ends of the
cross bar F, and are fitted (in any suitable manner, so as to slide freely) to the

page_text: upper nipper E or to the stem of the rods. They may, for instance, embrace by
means of two lugs the ends of the upper nipper E forming an outside slide.
During the to and fro motion of the nipper the lateral strain on the journals of the
friction rollers (owing to the rotation of the rollers under great pressure) is
thus thrown back on to the nipper itself, and acts on the rods T at a level
with the bottom of the nipper, viz., nearly at the lower end of the rods, and then
all the desired pressure can be given without overstraining the rods.
The pieces H, which carry the friction rollers, can also form part of the cross
bar itself. What is essential here is that they are fitted like a slide on the upper
nipper. It is this fitting, this mounting, in combination with the nipper E, or
with the stem of the rods, which throws the strain exerted on these rods T on to
the bottom of the rods.
These intermediate pieces carry at their lower part a lug h¹, provided with a set
set screw which is in line with and below the upper nipper, and which carries this
nipper as long as no pressure takes place. The fixed levers K, of convenient shape,
therefore thus actuate by the friction rollers and the pieces H the cross bar and the
nipper simultaneously under the most suitable conditions, that is to say, by their
ends, whilst formerly the cross bar had by its upper end to draw the nipper at
intermediate points by special rods, the slightest fault of regulation of the latter
producing serious differences of parallelism at the ends of the nipper.
The pressure levers S, which transmit the pressure of the spring R to the nipper,
are now placed within this cross bar F and act perpendicularly on the nipper E.
IV. It is known that in the Imbs' combing machines the combed slivers are
superposed either upon an entirely circular brush or upon a roller having a pile
surface and oscillating in contact with the nipper, or by a soft segmental brush,
which transfers the slivers and deposits them on to an oscillating doffer. This
latter method is preferable, on account of the perfect consistency which it gives to
the fleece and the consequent perfect equality to the whole sliver. A doffing comb
is required when the doffer is used.
Heretofore an ordinary beating comb has sometimes been used, and sometimes a
rigidly fixed comb, which may be found sufficient, as the oscillation of the doffer aids
in disengaging the fleece. Both these kinds of combs had however certain defects.
The beating comb is expensive, heavy, requires much lubrication, and its rapid
strokes on a frail superposed fleece always injures to a certain extent the valuable
cohesion of the filaments obtained on the doffer. The rigidly fixed comb always
drags or pulls the fleece in a very unsatisfactory manner.
The following arrangement, offering none of these inconveniences, has therefore
-been-devised:-One-slight movement only_per_revolution is for this purpose given
to the machine, but is not produced tangentially to the doffer, as is usual, but about
normally thereto. Fig. 6 (Sheet 11.) illustrates this arrangement. M is the axis of
rotation of the segmental superposition brush; N is the doffer; Q, the dofting
comb; Q, its center of oscillation. A lever Q, actuated or raised at the desired
moment by an eccentric stud 7 bring the comb into contact with the doffer when
the latter is nearly at the end of its upward stroke or oscillation in the direction
of the arrow.
The fleece at the point where it has been detached from the doffer
at the preceding operation is lightly caught in the teeth of the comb by the
movement of the doffer. This doffer completes its upward travel whilst the stud q,
allowing the lever Q2 to descend, causes the comb, to which the fleece adhercs, to
move away. This comb is thus gently drawn out of the doffer to a suitable extent
without jerking or sudden pull, and the fleece preserves the most perfect cohesion,
and is freely detached from the comb whilst the doffer descends. The center of
oscillation of the comb is of course suitably raised and properly chosen for this
purpose.
This extremely simple but slight and quiet movement, in combination with the
oscillating doffer, furnishes a very superior fleece.
V. In the Letters Patent, No. 2234, dated 1 June 1880, and granted to me as a
communication from the said Joseph Imbs, there is claimed the arrangement of the

page_text: tail comb (that is to say, the row of combs fixed to the comb holder on the side of
the seizing nipper) in such a way as to render it independent in a certain degree of
the main comb holder, and capable of receiving a certain relative motion on the
comb holder, so that this row may be caused to enter or leave the fleece sooner or
later than the other rows, and thus when this row is not required to work it
remains lower than the others, and leaves the middle comb uncovered and capable of
being effectively reached by the secondary cleaning device. To impart to this tail
comb this relative movement, which lasts only a moment, an arrangement was
described consisting of a cam and lever placed outside the frame of the machine,
this lever being mounted on the end of a transverse shaft, on which shaft were
fixed (within the frame of the machine) other levers, the end of which is connected
to the bottom of the tail comb. This mechanism, although working well, was
somewhat cumbrous and troublesome in front of the machine, and required delicate
regulation. The arrangement shewn in Fig. 7, Sheet II., is now substituted. It
consists of cams Q keyed on a shaft O, and of oscillating pieces or short oscillating
levers Q freely suspended on the shaft q of the front cleaning device, or on any
other shaft parallel with the shaft O and placed in a suitable position. These
shafts may even be attached to the bottom of the comb holder, as will hereinafter
be explained. The stem or plate Z of the tail comb being actuated by the comb-
holder when this rises, remains lowered in relation to this comb holder and at the
bottom of its slides. At the desired moment for raising this plate the cams Qin
their revolution come in contact with the pieces Q', push them under the plate or
stem Z, and raise and keep raised this plate as much and as long as desired. The
cams then allow the pieces Q' and plate or stem Z to drop by reason of their own
weight. Such is the new mechanism for effecting the relative raising of the tail
comb, the relative descent of which may, if necessary, be ensured by any suitable
spring.
It has to be noted that. the two mechanisms producing relative movements (one
of which mechanisms has just been described and the other referred to) may be
used to produce the relative movement of a finishing comb for the head of the
sliver, if instead of making such finishing comb independent it is attached to the
main comb holder on the side of the feeding nipper, to give it at the moment when
it is to become operative the relative movement which raises it to the level of the
other combs of the comb holder. Attempts have heretofore - -ready made to
cause a finishing comb for the head to act in these machines, but now no good
mechanism for producing the desired relative movements had been obtained, and
this arrangement of a finishing comb was not combined with the mobility of tho
tail comb attached in front.
Fig. 7, Sheet II., represents the comb holder P¹ thus provided with two plates
or stems Z, Z1, attached one in front and one at the back. One of them, that of
the tail comb, is shewn with the new mechanism of relative movement by inde-
pendent levers, the other plate Z¹ of the finishing comb is shewn with the end of
the levers in permanent relation with the mechanism as previously applied for
combing the tail.
VI. As certain spinners desire to avoid the use of a doffer or of brushes, where
the superposition of the combed slivers is effected when long and fine filaments are
to be operated upon, a new arrangement has therefore been devised to effect this
superposition. This arrangement is shewn in Fig. 8, Sheet II. As the end or
point of the filaments which extend beyond the seizing nipper on the outer side is,
when the machine works properly, extremely short, it is absolutely necessary to
grip this end or point effectively, and to regularly extract the combed sliver from
the nipper by means of an appliance or device capable of touching and even
pressing upon this end or point of the filaments however short it may be. In
front of the nipper is placed a table or piece J, provided with an angular projection
or nosepiece J¹ of suitable form, and a trough J' in which a grooved or covered
roller Js works. This roller, driven either by pinions or by a short chain J*,
receives its motion which consists. (at will and for each revolution of the machine)

page_text: either of a rotary advancing movement, followed by a partial return motion, or of
an advance without backward motion. The axle J, which imparts motion to the
roller J, is in the first instance moved by Imbs' well known reciprocating
differential motion, or by his pawl or clauker heretofore used for actuating the
doffer.
In the second case, if only a forward movement without return motion be
required, ordinary ratchet gear would suffice. Thus, for example, an eccentric
stud Je revolving with the shaft O2, and passing through the trough shaped piece,
.causes the oscillation of the piece J7 actuating the ratchet J8 mounted on the
axle J5. It will be seen from the Figure that in either case the sliver hangs
obliquely on the edge J¹ of the piece J. When the nipper moves backward in
seizing, the reentering angle abuts against the projecting angle J¹, and the
uncovered part of the clothing of the nipper at bears on the point of the new
sliver, piecing it to the preceding sliver. The forward movement of the roller J³
then takes place, whilst the nipper opens. The trough shaped piece J bears
against the shaft 0%, and is fixed by lugs J, so that in turning around the shaft O'
it assumes the exact position suitable for the projecting angle J¹.
VII. Combing machines which like these are fed by a certain number of rolls of
fibrous material, all present a serious defect in the product delivered by them when
through inadvertence one of the said rolls is exhausted without the attendant
having attached thereto a fresh roll. On the other hand, if the end of the finishing
roll has passed through there is no possibility of attaching the fresh end, and to
then pass it into the appliances and into the feed nipper the machine has to be
stopped, whereby much time is lost and the whole of the defective product has to
be removed. Moreover, if the end be not passed with the requisite care the combs
are more or less injured. Consequently it is of importance not to allow the end of
a roll to pass through.
For this purpose there is applied to this machine a stop motion, which is capable
of shifting the driving belt whenever a roll is about to finish. Fig. 9 shews the
arrangement of this stop motion, which is however capable of modification. R, R,
are the rollers for unwinding the rolls of fibrous material. Under each roll is
placed a piece y, free to oscillate around a rod t. Said pieces rest each on a second
piece y', fixed by a screw to a second rod t common to all the pieces y¹. To this
rod t' is fixed a piece X, which engages in a notch in the detent bar T. This
latter communicates with the belt shifting fork and a coiled spring or counter-
weight always tends to move this bar T longitudinally towards the side corre-
sponding to the passing of the belt on to the loose pulley. When the machine is
thrown into gear_the_piece.X.enters the notch-a,-and-as-its-weight-is-fully-equal-to-
that of the pieces y' and y, it holds back the bar T and the machine remains in
gear. The progressive diminution of the diameter of the rolls of fibrous material S
reduces their lower contour more and more, and when one of these rolls is about
to run out it bears on its corresponding piece y, and its weight destroying the
equilibrium between the piece X and the pieces y, y¹, the piece X is raised clear of
the notch and the machine stops.
The Invention relates to further accessory improvements, which are not however
shewn in the Drawings.
The return movement of the head nipper is produced as is known by vertical
draw springs actuating an intermediate shaft, which is joined to the nipper by
chains. These chains became worn and were a constant cause of repair; they are
now replaced by cross-bars.
It is also known that in an Imbs' combing machine an under pressure was
applied under the eccentric frame of the comb holder, so that the friction rollers
at the bottom of the frame were always held against and under the eccentric
which worked in the frame. A double rack was fixed at the bottom of the frame,
and two pinions acted on this rack and applied to it an under pressure produced
by the traction of the two springs, connected by chains to the bushes or sleeves of
the pinions. The wear of these chains and the heavy working of this gearing were

page_text: not favourable, therefore two simple symmetrical levers, one on the left the other
on the right, are now employed to apply the under pressure. These levers have
each a fixed center of oscillation on a lower cross bar, and have each a rather long
horizontal arm abutting under the frame, and following its vertical movement,
and a short vertical arm to which a horizontal spring is directly attached.
Finally, for seizing filaments offering little resistance it is now proposed to
clothe the seizing nipper with wood. In place of the leather clothing for the upper
nipper a small strip of wood is provided, and when fixed it is planed and polished.
The nipper being set in place and at work this wooden blade soon embeds and
moulds itself into the sharp flutings of the lower nipper, and thus a good joint is
formed which necessitates no repairs.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same may be performed, I declare that I claim,―
1. The double reciprocating movement, consisting of combined rising and rotation
imparted to an independent head finishing comb, as herein described and as shewn
in the Drawings.
2. The backward or return movement of the head nipper, interrupted or very
much slackened during the penetration of the finishing comb so as to ensure the
proper working of this comb, substantially as specified.
3. The alternately quickened and slackened rotary motion of the cleaning brush,
substantially as herein described and shewn in the Drawings.
4. The arrangement by which the pressure upon the seizing nipper is applied
much lower down and without straining the rods, substantially as herein described
and shewn in the Drawings.
5. The slow movement of alternate approach and withdrawal of a doffing comb
in combination with an oscillating rotary movement of a doffer for detaching the
fleece from tlic doffer, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ernest de Pass, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty third day of February, in the year 1882.
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