IMPROVEMENTS IN EXPANSION WRENCHES, MANDRELS, REAMERS AND ARBORS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of the Firm of Herbert and
Company, Solicitors of Patents, of 67 Strand, in the City of Westminster,
Civil Engineer, for all Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN EXPANSION
WRENCHES, MANDRELS, REAMERS AND ARBORS communicated to him from
abroad by Albert Edward Lytle, of Chicago, Cook County, State of Illinois,
United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th December 1883.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors
of Patents, of 67 Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN EXPANSION WRENCHES, MANDRELS, REAMERS AND ARBORS,"
communication to me from abroad by Albert Edward Lytle, of Chicago, Cook
County, State of Illinois, United States of America,
a
This invention relates to improvements in combined expansion wrenches,
mandrels, reamers and arbors, and it consists in or of a hollow shell, provided with
loose dogs, in combination with a movable expanding plug, and means for drawing
this plug in or out to expand or contract the dogs.
The expanding mandrel, wrench, reamer, or arbor, consists of a hollow shell or
cylinder, slotted and provided with movable dogs, in combination with a plug
placed within the shell, and adapted to expand or contract these dogs, and mean
for moving this plug longitudinally in the shell.
The shell or cylinder is formed with longitudinal slots having recessed ends, in
combination with a series of serrated dogs, inclined upon their rear faces, and
provided with end flanges, and a tapering plug or expander having a screw shank.
The movable dogs have dovetailed tongues upon their rear sides, in combination
with an interior movable plug having inclined and dovetailed grooves in its face,
and two screw-rods engaging this plug from opposite ends of the shell whereby it
is shifted back and forth to expand or contract the dogs. The shell bas slots and
the dogs are provided with cutters and tongues in combination with the plug.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
66
the said Herbert John Haddan in the Patent Office on the 27th June 1884.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67 Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer, IMPROVEMENTS
IN EXPANSION WRENCHES, MANDRELS, REAMERS AND ARBORS," a communication to
me from abroad by Albert Edward Lytle, of Chicago, Cook County, State of
Illinois, United States of America,
This invention relates to improvements in combined expansion wrenches,
mandrels, reamers and arbors, and it consists in a hollow shell, provided with loose
dogs, in combination with a movable expanding plug, and means for drawing this
plug in or out to expand or contract the dogs, substantially as will be hereinafter
more fully set forth, and pointed out in the claims.
In order to enable others skilled in the art to which the invention appertains to
make and use the same I will now proceed to describe its construction and
operation referring to the accompanying drawing, in which:
Fig 1 is a longitudinal section of the invention in the form used for a mandrel.
Fig 2 a transverse section of the same.
Fig 3, 4 and 5 show the same device applied as an inside wrench.
Fig 6 is a longitudinal section of a slightly different form designed as a reamer.
Fig 7 and 8 are cross-sections of the same showing a different form of cutter
for wood or iron, and
Fig 9, 10 and 11 are views of the same device arranged as an expansion arbor
for saws, grinding and polishing wheels, and similar uses.
A represents a steel shell, in figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, formed hollow and having
one end open, and the other closed and provided with a screw-threaded hole a.
This shell A is formed with any suitable number of slots al extending through its
sides longitudinally for a suitable distance, in each of which is placed a dog B
having a serrated face b, and its rear or inner side formed on an incline, or wedge-
shaped as at 6. These dogs are prevented from passing entirely through the shell
by a small projecting flange b2 at each end, which lies in a slot a' in the shell at
the ends of the dog.
C represents a plug circular in cross-section, and tapering for a suitable distance,
upon the same angle given to the adjacent faces of the dogs. This plug or
expander is provided with a screw-threaded point c which passes through the
hole a in the end of the shell.
The dogs having been placed in position and the plug or expander inserted, it is
only necessary to screw it in, to expand the dogs equally in all directions, and thus
accommodate themselves to various sizes of work.
In the form shown in Fig 1, this device is especially valuable in lathe work, as
it can be placed in the lathe and the cylinder to be turned clamped firmly and
properly centered at the same time, thus saving much time and work over the
ordinary mode of fitting a plug into the cylinder and then centering it for
attachment to the lathe.
The smaller form shown in Fig. 3, 4 and 5, can be used to great advantage as
an inside wrench and is especially adapted to inserting and removing the bushings
from barrels, and both forms are intended to be formed with angular portions for
the attachment of a wrench for adjustment.
In Fig 6, 7 and 8, are shown the same principles applied to a reamer for either
wood or metal.
In this case the dogs B are formed with a dove-tail tongue 6 on their rear faces,
and upon their outer faces for metal working, they are formed with an integral
cutter 6, as in Fig 8, but for wood working I prefer to form these cutters separate
and render them detachable for sharpening and repairs as in Fig 7.

page_text: The plug C is in this case also made to fit closely the inside of the outer shell,
and is provided with a screw-threaded hole c¹ through its longitudinal center, into
which are screwed two adjusting rods C₁C from opposite ends of the shell. The
plug is formed with inclined dove-tail grooves c³, into which the tongues on the
cutting dogs are placed, and it will be seen that as one of the adjusting rods is
loosened and the other tightened, the plug is drawn back and forth throwing the
cutters in or out at pleasure. The device represented is especially intended for use
in the reaming of carriage hubs, and axle boxes, but it is evident that it may be
used for many other things, and if desired a straight hole may be reamed instead of
a tapering one, by making one end of the dogs thicker than the other in order to
make their outer sides parallel.
Fig 9, 10 and 11 show a modification of the same device, intended for use as an
expansion arbor. This device is of substantially the same form as the reamer just
described, and has also the usual strengthening disks D D₁ one of which is screwed
upon the shell or journal A, and the other either screwed upon or formed a part
of the shell as may be desired.
This device is of great utility in the use of circular saws, grinding and polishing
wheels, and similar tools, and dispenses with the annoyance of the usual bushing
required in fitting a journal on these articles.
All the devices described will usually be made of steel, and of various sizes for
coarse or delicate work.
Having thus fully described this invention, what I claim as new and desire to
secure by letters-patent is ;-
1st. In an expanding mandrel, wrench, reamer, or arbor, a hollow shell or cylinder,
slotted, and provided with movable dogs, in combination with a plug placed within
the shell, and adapted to expand or contract these dogs, and means for moving this
plug longitudinally in the shell, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2nd. In an expanding wrench or mandrel, a shell or cylinder formed with
longitudinal slots having recessed ends, in combination with a series of serrated
dogs, inclined upon their rear faces, and provided with end flanges, and a tapering
plug or expander having a screw shank, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
3rd. In an expansion reamer or arbor, a shell or cylinder formed with slots, and
provided with movable dogs having dove-tailed tongues upon their rear sides, in
combination with an interior movable plug having inclined and dove-tailed grooves
in its face, and two screw-rods engaging this plug from opposite ends of the shell
whereby it is shifted back and forth to expand or contract the dogs substantially
as and for the purpose set forth.
4th. In an expansion reamer, the shell A. having slots a' and the dogs B formed or
provided with cutters 63, and tongues 62, in combination with the plug Chaving
inclined grooves c³, and the screw rods C all constructed and arranged to operate
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
5th. In an expanding arbor, the journal or shell A, having slots a, and the clamping
disks D D', in combination with the dogs B having serrated faces, and a tongue b²
formed on their backs, the plug C, having inclined grooves c², and the screw-rods C',
all constructed and arranged to operate substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
In witness whereof I the said Herbert John Haddan have hereunto set my
hand and seal this 27th day of June A.D. 1884.