Improvements in Locks and Latches.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Sept., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 4th July, 1891-Accepted, 8th Aug., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Locks and Latches.
I, ANDREW CASHIN, of the firm of Joseph Payton & Co., of Walsall Street,
Willenhall, Staffordshire, Lock Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
"
** four-
This invention has reference more particularly to what are known as
handed locks and latches, including four-handed rim, mortice, and draw-back
locks and two key night-latches, which can be used either for a right hand or a
left hand door and on either side of the same. A lock or latch of this kind has
the bolt, key-hole and bridge plate (when a bridge plate is used) so shaped that
the key can be inserted in the key hole and the bolt operated either with the pin
at the top or at the bottom of the key-hole.
The objects of this invention are firstly to simplify the tumbler mechanism and
secondly to so arrange the bolt which is operated by the key and the bolt which is
operated by the knob or handle that the act of shooting forward the former bolt
into its locked position will lock the latter bolt also. The second part of my
invention can be similarly applied to other locks and latches which have two
bolts.
I attain the first object of this invention as follows:-The bolt extends around
the key-hole as in other four handed locks or latches and it is similarly_notched
above and below the keyhole for the key to engage with to shoot or withdraw the
bolt. I make the tumbler in the form of a hollow lever pivotted on a pin situated
by preference on the cross centre line of the keyhole and a short distance there-
from. The said tumbler lever surrounds the keyhole and it has a lateral projection
(situated by preference near the front end of the lever) corresponding with a
lateral projection on the bolt. The said tumbler lever is continued beyond its
fulcrum pin and there furnished with two horns, one above and the other below the
fulcrum pin, which horns bear against a spring lever which is pressed against the
horns by a spring. This spring lever bearing equally against the horns maintains
the tumbler lever in its normal position at equal distances above and below the
keyhole, and brings the tumbler lever back to this position after it has been either
raised or depressed by turning the key.
When the pin of the key is inserted in the top of the keyhole and turned to
lock the bolt, the key comes into contact with the upper part of the tumbler lever
and raises it so that the projection thereon will then be above the projection on the
bolt so that the bolt can be shot forward, when the tumbler lever will resume its
normal position and the projection thereon will now be behind the projection on
the bolt and thus secure the latter. When the key is turned in the opposite
direction to draw back the bolt the tumbler lever is similarly raised and the reverse
action takes place.
When the pin of the key is inserted in the bottom of the keyhole and turned to
lock or unlock the bolt the action is similar to that above described except that the
tumbler lever and its projection are moved down by the key coming into contact
with the lower part thereof, and moved upwardly by the spring lever to assume their
normal position.
I may similarly use two or more tumbler levers in one lock or latch.
I attain the second object of this invention by forming a projection on that bolt
which is operated by the key and in front of this projection a corresponding
projection on that bolt which is operated by the knob or handle. When that bolt
which is operated by the key is shot forward into its locked position the said
projection thereon comes into contact with the projection on the other said bolt

page_text: and prevents this bolt being forced back or withdrawn by the knob or handle until
the key has been turned, thus adding to the security of the lock or latch.
Dated this 2nd day of September 1890,
CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Locks and Latches.
I, ANDREW CASHIN, of the firm of Joseph Payton & Co., of Walsall Street,
Willenhall, Staffordshire. Iork Mintheturer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what month same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in rit by the following totement:-
"four
This invention is referene por articularly to what are known as
handed locks and latches incholine four le rim, mortice, and draw back
locks and two key night latche, which en la el either for a right hand or a
left hand door and on either be of the ac A lock or latch of this kind has
the bolt, key-hole and bridge platesch bridge plate is used) so shapes that
the key can be inserted in the y-hude and the bolt operated either with the pin at
the top or at the bottom of the key-hole.
The objects of this invention a firstly to simplify the tumbler mechanism and
secondly to so arrange the bolt which is perated by the key and the holt which is
operated by the knob or handle that the pet of shooting forward the former bolt
into its locked position will lock the latter bolt also. This second part of my
invention can be similarly applied to other locks and latches which have two
bolts.
J
I will describe my invention by referring to the accompanying drawings on
which Fig. represents in elevation (with top plate removed) a rim lock made
according to this invention: Fig. 2 is a sectional plan of the same locked and
Fig. 3 is a suctional plan unlocked; Fig. 1 shews the tumbler lever and boit
and some other parts of the same ep. rately and Fig. 3 represents in elevation and
plan the tumbler lever separately; Fig. 6 is an elevation (with the top plate
removed) of a rims lock illustrating a modification of my invention in which two
tumbler levers are used: Fig. 7 is a plan of part of the two bolts of the same
shewing how one locks the other; Figs, 8 and 9 shew how the tumbler levers of
the same operate when the key is inserted either at the top or bottom of the
kuyaole; Figs. 10 and 11 represent separate views of the upper tumbler løver and
Fig. 12 shews the bottom tumbler lever separately; Fig. 13 shews another way of
making the tumbler levers illustrated in Figs. 6 to 12 both inclusive. Figs. 14, 15
and 16 shew a further modification of the saine.
The same letters of reference indicate the same or corresponding parts in all the
figures of the drawings.
Referring firstly inore particularly to Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, I attain the first
object of my invention as follows: The bolt extends around the key hole B as
in other four handed locks or latches and it is similarly notched at a above and
at a below the keyhole for the key to engage with to shoot or withdraw the
bolt. make the tumbler D in the form of a hollow lever (see Fig. 5) pivotted on
a pin E situated by preference on the cross centre line of the keyhole and a short
distance therefrom. The tumbler lever D' surrounds the keyhole and it has a
lateral projection (situated by preference near the front end of the lever)
corresponding with a lateral projection on the holt A. The tumbler lever D' is
continued beyond its fulcrum pin E and there furnished with two horns one
above and the other below the filer pin E, which horns bear against a spring
lever which is pressed against the horns by a spring G. This spring lever F,
bearing equally against the horns d² d³ maintain the tumbler lever D' in its normal
position at equal distances above and below the key-hole, and brings the tumbler

page_text: lever D back to this position after it has been either raised or depressed by
turning the key.
When the pin of the key is inserted in the top of the keyhole and turned; to
lock the bolt A (see Fig. 4), the key comes into contact with the upper part of
the tumbler lever D' and raises it so that the projection a³ on the bolt A can be
shot forward (to its locked position shewn by Figs. 1 and 2), when the tumbler
lever D' will resume its normal position and the projection d' thereon will now be
behind the projection as on the bolt A and thus secure the latter. When the key
is turned in the opposite direction to draw back the bolt A. the tumbler lever D¹ is
similarly raised and the reverse action takes place.
When the pin of the key is inserted in the bottom of the keyhole and turned to
lock or unlock the bolt A the action is similar to that above described except that
the tumbler lever D' and its projections are moved down by the key coming
into contact with the lower part thereof, and moved upwardly by the spring lever F
to assume their normal position.
I may similarly use two or more tumbler levers in one lock or latch as shewn
for instance by Figs. 6, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 where two tumbler levers D' D' are used.
The tumbler lever D extends round the top of the keyhole and turns on the
pivot E and has the lateral projection d'as in the arrangement above described
for engaging with the projection a³ on the bolt A, and the lever D2 is arranged
below the key hole and formed with a projection which engages with the
arm of the two armed lever H which also turns on the pivot E and has another
arm ² engaging against a pin on the lever D'. In this case the horn ‹³ is
dispensed with and the bolt D₁ maintained in its normal position by coming in
contact with the fixed stop i. As will be seen by Figs. 8 and 9, the bolt D' and
its projection d' are raised to free the bolt A whether the key is inserted and
turned in the top or in the bottom of the key hole. The arm may, as shown by
Fig. 13 be formed in a piece with the lever D₁ to engage with the projection d' on
the lever D either by lateral contact Fig. 13 or by being jointed together by a
pin as shewn in Figs. 14, 15 and 16.
My invention can be applied to other four handed locks and latches including
four handed mortice and draw-back locks and two key night latches similarly as
above described with reference to a four handed rim lock.
I attain the second object of this invention by forming a projection / on the bolt A
which is operated by the key and in front of this projection a corresponding
projection on the bolt M which is operated by the knob or handle. When the bolt A
is shot forward into its locked position (see Figs. 1, 6 and 7) the projection K thercon
comes into contact with the projection on the other bolt M and prevents this
bolt M being forced back or withdrawn by the knob or handle until the key has
been turned to unlock the bolt A thus adding to the security of the lock or latch.
It will be evident that this second part of my invention can be similarly applied
to all kinds of locks and latches which have two bolts whether they are four-
handed locks or latches or not.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In reversible or four handed locks and latches in which the sliding bolt (such
as A) is formed so as to be operated by inserting and turning the key in either end
of the key-hole, the hollow tumbler lever D' constructed, arranged and operating
in combination with the said bolt in the manner substantially as herebefore
described and shown by Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings.
2. In reversible or four handed locks and latches in which the sliding bolt (such
as A) is formed so as to be operated by inserting and turning the key in either
end of the key-hole, arranging the tumbler mechanism as herebefore described and
illustrated by Figs. 6, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 of the accompanying drawings to operate

page_text: in combination with the lateral projection a³ of the said bolt in the manner
hereinbefore set forth and shewn.
3. In reversible or four handed locks and latches in which the sliding bolt (such
ns A) is formed so as to be operated by inserting and turning the key in either end
of the keyhole, arranging the tumbler mechanism as hereinbefore described and
illustrated by Fig. 13 or by Figs. 14, 15 and 16 of the accompanying drawings to
operate in combination with the lateral projection a³ of the said bolt in the manner
hereinbefore set forth.
4. In a lock or latch which has two bolts operated by the key and by the knob
or handle respectively, constructing the said bolts in the manner substantially as
herein before described an that when the bolt. which is operated by the key is shot
forward into its locked position this bolt will lock the other bolt also as herein-
before set forth.
5. In a reversible or four handed lock or latch of the kind herein referred to
which has two bolts operated by the key and by the knob or handle respectively,
arranging the tumbler mechanisin in either of the ways herein described and
shown in combination with the method of locking the knob or handle bolt by the
other bolt as hereinbefore set forth and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 3rd day of July 1891.
CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,
Agent for the Applicant.