IMPROVEMENTS IN VESSELS AS ABOVE MENTIONED
Year: 1884

page_text: I JOHN ROWE CUNNINGTON of 105 Windmill Road Brentford in the county of
Middlesex, Soap Boiler's manager do hereby declare the nature of my invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN VESSELS AS ABOVE MENTIONED to be as follows:-
The improvement consists in the base of the vessel being the widest part of it
and the sides sloping outwards from the rim as do the sides of a cone thus
rendering it much firmer and more stable than any vessels now in use for the
same purpose and the interior is cup bowl or trough shaped. There would be no
flat bottom to the vessel and it could be stamped out of sheet iron or any other
suitable substance thus rendering its production much cheaper. The sides of the
vessel being sloped outwards from the rim form the supports of the cup bowl or
trough interior and thus obviate any transverse or other bars or supports across
the interior. The broadness of the base coupled with the absence of flat bottom
and the additional capacity for holding given to the bottom rims of the sides by
reason of the weight of the interior making them impinge more closely on the
substance on which the vessel stands renders the vessel so stable as to be non-
capsizable except when desired by man. The vessel as shaped above can be mado
out of iron tin zinc or any other malleable metal, or out of delf, china pot papier
maché clay or glass or other suitable material. It is suitable for all domestic
purposes and especially for shipboard where stability is particularly required.
For the use of animals it would be fitted with a plug hole and plug in the interior
to enable it to be emptied of liquid when required and by leaving out the plug to
enable rain water to drain off leaving the contents of the interior dry. The vessel
when used for poultry would be inverted and the projection of the interior would
render it so safe as a drinking vessel for poultry or game as to render the drowning
of chickens in it impossible.
Dated L

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I JOHN ROWE CUNNINGTON of 105 Windmill Road Brentford in the county of
Middlesex Soap Boiler's Manager do hereby declare the nature of my said
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN VESSELS FOR FOOD AND WATER FOR HORSES
CATTLE SHEEP PICS HOUNDS DOGS POULTRY AND OTHER ANIMALS AND FOR
DOMESTIC OR BUSINESS USE and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of my invention is to construct. and provide for use a vessel for the
food and water for all kinds of animals and for domestic or business purposes' that
shall be very serviceable and convenient and clean and stable or firm in position
while at the same time extremely simple and cheap in construction and production.
carry out this object by making that part of the vessel that is to contain and
hold the required food or water or other article or material or substance of a bow!
or trough shape the bottom thereof being curved or rounded off so that there are
no corners or angles therein in which the said food or water or other article or
material or substance or any dirt can accumulate. This bowl or trough shaped
part of the vessel is supported from and through its rim by the outer sides of the
vessel which sides slope or extend outwardly so that the base of these sides on
which the whole vessel rests is the largest or widest part of the said vessel. This
broad base therefore on which the vessel stands renders the same extremely stable
and firm and not liable to be capsized or upset by accident or otherwise and to
increase still further this stability and firmness I can if and when I should so desire
foria flanges on the bottom or base of the sloping sides and on one or both sides
thereof whereby a still broader base will be provided.
This vessel made according to this my method as hereinbefore described can
obviously be constructed of any material. When made of metal the vessel can
very conveniently and easily and cheaply be stamped out or otherwise formed from
sheet iron tin zinc or other malleable and suitable metal. The vessel can also be
made of earthenware or china glass papier-mache or other material and moulded
or otherwise shaped into the proper desired form.
In the accompanying drawing I have shewn two very convenient forms of the
vessels made according to this my invention. Figure 1 is a vertical section and
Figure 2 is a plan of a round or circular shaped vessel. Figure 3 is a plan of an
elongated trough shaped vessel.
In Figures 1 and 2 the outer sloping sides. A form the frustrum of a cone and
at B where this cone is cut off the bowl C is formed in which the food or water or
other article or material or substance is contained and held. This bowl O is entirely
supported by the sides A from and through its rim B and as the weight carried in
and by the vessel is placed in or towards the centre of the bowl O while the sloping
sides A provide therefor a very broad base the said vessel is very stable and firm

page_text: In Figure 3 that part C of the vessel that is to contain and hold the food or water
or other article or material or substance is trough shaped but in vertical section
the vessel is formed in a similar manner to the round or circular shaped vessel as
bereinbefore described and as shewn in Figure 1.
In the same manner any other required form and shape may be made and
produced whether oval or oblong or rectilinear or otherwise and in every case such
a slope or extension outwards or such an angle of inclination may be given to the
outer supporting sides as I may deem desirable or convenient in that particular
case:
For the use of poultry or other small animals I should preferably reverse this
vessel upside down so that the food or water or other article or material or substanco
could be contained between the outer sides of the bowl or trough C and the sides A
as shewn at D and thus when any water is in this position no danger of drowning.
the chickens or other small animals would be incurred.
I can also if and when I should so desire form a hole fitted with a plug in the
bottom of the bowl C or through the rim B so that in either position any rain or
other water or liquid may be allowed to drain out of the said bowl C or the space D
when required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The improved vessel for food and water for animals and for other purposes
substantially as hereinbefore described and set forth.
2. In a vessel for food and water for animals and for other purposes the
Combination of the inner bowl or trough with a rounded bottom and the supporting
sides sloping outwardly substantially as and for the purposes herein before described
and declared.