Method of Manufacturing Artificial Granite and Marbie.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Dec., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Sept., 1891-Accepted, 19th Dec., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Method of Manufacturing Artificial Granite and Marbie.
We, CHARLES GEORGE and OTTOMAR WERNAER, both residents of Kottbuser
Ufer No. 2/3 of Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia, in the German Empire, Manu-
facturers do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The method hereinafter described for the manufacture of artificial granite and
marble is characterised by the mixture of uncoloured batches with coloured ones,
which latter are employed in a tough or semi-fluid state. By mixing the coloured
semi-fluid batches into the uncoloured liquid batches the marbling and speckledness,
and the veins, are produced. The batches may be mixed, besides, with certain
materials, by the use of which the flux is rendered resistive and a polishable stone
is attained. For producing artificial granite or marble, little pieces of granite or
marble are admixed to the batches in such a manner, that said pieces remain
distributed within the batches in equal quantities.
The process is the following:
One takes 1-5 portions of slag, as for instance silicate-slag or blast-furnace-slag,
in a finely grinded state, and mixes said slag with 10-15 portions of argilliferous
building-sand, which when molten, gives no glassy mass, in consequence of its
contents of clay. To this mixture one adds under certain circumstances one
portion of granite or marble in pieces, and the whole is mixed with 3-6% of
Aluor-spar. When using particular fine granite one may take still 3-6% silicic
acid in form of flint.
That mixture is molten now in a regenerative firing with large pot, and is filled
when liquid in crucibles, and cast by means of the latter either directly in moulding-
sand or into iron moulds over which rollers are moved.
When manufacturing veined stones the silicate-slag is replaced by an addition of
1-3 portions of oxyd of zinc, whilst the other ingredients remain the same. In
this case two mixtures are employed and molten, which are merely distinguished by
an oxyd-colour. The coloured mass is kept in a somewhat tough state, and is
mixed into the other mass by means of a wooden rod, so that a vein-like distribution
of the coloured mass is produced, by which the artificial stone gets the appearance
of marble and the like.
The colours employed may be very different, so that all kinds of marble may be
attained.
Dad h 02-11
1000
FREDK. WALKER,
11, Furnival Street, Holborn, E.C., Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Method of Manufacturing Artificial Granite and Marble.
We, CHARLES GEORGE and OTTOMAR WERNAER, both of 2/3 Kottbuser! Ufer,
Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, Manufacturers do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
.
Our improved method of manufacturing artificial granite and marble _is
characterised,
1. By the mixture of silicates having the property of becoming amorphous at
high temperature, as for instance silicate-slag, fragments of siliceous_stone and the
Price 4d1

page_text: like, with argilliferous building-sand and a small portion of infusible earths, to
which is added any suitable flux, the mixture being melted by regenerative heat
until the batch is in a thoroughly fluid state. It is then cast into moulds.
2. By the filling up of the moulds, while the first batch is still fluid, with a
second, differently-coloured, and in a thick or semi-fluid. state-and mixing_the_one.
with the other. In this manner the veined appearance of marble is obtained.
Our process is as follows. We mix one to five parts of finely ground slag, as for
instance silicate slag or blast furnace slag, with ten to fifteen parts of argilliferous
building sand, which, in consequence of the presence of clay does not when melted
form a vitreous mass. To this mixture we add, one part of granite or marble in
small pieces, one-part of fossil-meal, and a flux of from three to six per cent.-of
fluor spar.
If very fine granite or marble be used, we make a further addition of
from three to six per cent. of silicic acid.
This mixture, all the ingredients of which are finely ground, is then melted by
heat at a temperature of about 2000° Centigrade, and when liquified is mixed with
a molten mixture of slag and sand in a suitable vessel, and is coloured by the
addition of any suitable colouring matter. This coloured mixture is mixed into the
other mass by means of a wooden rod so as to produce a vein-like distribution of
the colour and to give to the artificial stone the appearance of marble and the like.
It is then cast into moulds of any required shape.
I do not confine myself to any particular kind of colouring matter nor to. the
quantity or tint employed; these may be varied according to the requirements of
special cases. The proportion however of colouring matter is preferably ten
per cent.
-The main feature of our method is the melting of silicates with argilliferous
building sand and infusible earths, and the subsequent mixing together of two.
different batches, one-being-in a thoroughly fluid-and-the-other in a semi-fluid-state..
-Small-pieces-of-granite marble or other stone may be added, in-such a manner that
they remain only partially melted:
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
The method of manufacturing artificial granite marble and the like consisting in,
mixing finely ground silicates with argilliferous sand and infusible. earths.;; in
melting the mixture_in_a_regenerative_furnace:;_and_in_mixing-the-batch-with-a
similar one prepared in the same manner but coloured by the addition of, suitable
colouring matter; and also in casting the combined mixture, into moulds sub-
stantially as and for the purposes herein described.
Dated this 23rd day of Santamba" 1001
FREDK. WALKER,
11, Furnival Street,, London, E.C., Agent for the Applicants.