A Process for the Better Ventilation and Purification of Sewers, Buildings, Tenements, and Drains in connection therewith.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 10th May, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 11th Feb., 1895-Accepted, 10th May, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A Process for the Better Ventilation and Purification of Sewers,
Buildings, Tenements, and Drains in connection therewith.
LONSDALE BROADLEY SAVILE LONSDALE of High Street Chambers Mold in
the County of Flint Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
(1) A process by which an improved and better course of ventilation may be
effected, maintained and controlled in and through the sewers, drains, dwelling-
houses, factories, workshops, stables, buildings, tenements, cellars, courts, passages,
alleys and other places, roads and ways in connection therewith. And for the
purification thereof and removal therefrom of contaminated, vitiated and poisonous
air, gases, organic vapours, germs and substances prejudicial to health: the same
being affected by the production and application of and into, through and within
the sewers and drains of an artificially created current of air or forced draught,
the same being controlable and of greater or sufficient power to overcome, destroy
and supersede the present natural sluggish, irregular and uncertain course of
ventilation.
(2) In order to secure a more perfect, continuous, regular and direct inflow
action or course of the ventilation I direct or cause the forced draught or current
of air produced as hereinafter described to be in direct opposition to the natural
upward course of ventilation and in the direction of the sewage outfall.
(3) For this purpose I make use of a combustion furnace, fan, blower cylinder
or other air exhausting and compressing engine.
(4) The contaminated air and injurious gases are by the exhausting action of
the engine drawn into, within and along the sewers and drains to a receiver
situate at some convenient place or places on, at or near the main sewer or sewers
or other outlet centre or section of a system of sewer drainage.
(5) This receiver may be a highly heated stove oven or furnace or it may be a
chamber or other vessel charged with antiseptic gaseous substances or contain the
same in solid or liquid form by which means the sewer air gases and organic gernis
and vapours passing thereinto and through become purified or destroyed and
rendered harinless or non-prejudicial to health before being discharged and
liberated into the atmosphere.
(6) The maintenance of a regular and continuous inflow of air into the sewers
and drains from the dwellinghouses, factories, workshops, stables, buildings,
tenements, cellars, courts, passages, alleys and other places roads and ways is
effected and secured by pipe conduit tube or other approved form of communication
and connection therewith.
Provided nevertheless
(a) That the reversal of the said forced air draught by compression or con-
densation is necessary for the purification and disinfection of the sewers and drains
when charging the same with gaseous antiseptic substances.
(b) That each and every
"
"inlet so becoming an "outlet" when under com-
pression is furnished with a self acting or automatic valvular or other efficient
trap.
(c) That during the reversal of the said air draught and for the better detection
of breakage, stoppage and leakage within the sewers and drains I cause pungent
gases or the fumes of odoriferous substances to be injected therein.

page_text: (d) The orifice or opening into the pipe conduit communicating with the sewers
and drains is of dimensions and capacity depending upon the requirements of the
situation and the volume, pressure and velocity of the sewer ventilation.
(e) That for the purposes and objects aforesaid I provide at certain points places
or centres blowoff pipes, discharge tubes vent-holes, flues or shafts.
Dated this Ninth day of May 1894
A Process for the Better Ventilation and Purification of Sewers,
Buildings, Tenements, and Drains in connection therewith.
I, LONSDALE BROADLEY SAVILE LONSDALE of High Street Chambers Mold
in the County of Flint Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a means or process by which an improved and better
course of ventilation may be effected maintained and controlled in and through the
sewers and drains and to buildings tenements, courts, passages, alleys and other
places roads and ways in connection therewith and for the purification thereof and
removal therefrom of contaminated vitiated and poisonous air, gases, organic
vapours germs and substances prejudicial to health the whole being effected
primarily by the production and application of and into through and within the
sewers and drains of an artificially created current of air or "forced draught" the
same being controlable and reversible and of greater or sufficient power to over-
come destroy and supersede the present natural sluggish irregular and uncertain
course of the ventilation.
In order to secure a more perfect, certain, continuous, regular and direct inflow
action or course of the ventilation to and within the sewers and drains, I cause
or direct the forced draught or current of air produced as hereinafter stated to be
in direct opposition to the natural upward course of ventilation and in the direction
of the sewerage outfall, as indicated by the direction of the arrows on the drawing
hereunto annexed-Sheet 1.
For this purpose I make use of a combustion furnace, fan blower compressor
cylinder or other air-exhausting and compressing engine (A) and connect the
exhaust and compressed air draughts produced thereby with the sewers and drains
and with the receiver closing the sewer outlet to the ingress and egress of air by
a barrier as at (B).
The contaminated air and injurious gases are by the exhausting action of the
engine-producing a partial vacuum therein-forced or drawn into within and
along the sewers (C) and drains (D) to a receiver or receivers (E) situate at some
convenient place or places on at or near the main sewer or sewers or other outlet
centre junction or section of a system of sewer drainage.
This receiver may be a highly heated stove, oven or furnace or it may be a
chamber or other vessel charged with antiseptic substances by which means the
sewer air noxious gases and organic germs and vapours passing thereinto and through
become purified sterilized or otherwise destroyed and rendered harmless or non-
prejudicial to health before being discharged and liberated into the outer atmosphere
or the sewer air may be delivered direct from the sewers or receivers into the upper
air by chimney shaft or flue (F).
The inflow of air to the sewers and drains from buildings tenements, courts,
passages, alleys and other places, roads and ways is effected performed and secured

page_text: by pipe conduit, tube or other approved instrument of communication and con-
nection therewith as shown by the circular black spots at (H). The dimensions
and capacity of the intake air passages being determined ascertained and regulated
by the requirements of the situation and the volume pressure and velocity of the
ventilation within the sewers.
Provided nevertheless
(a) That the reversal of the said forced draught by compression or condensation
of the air is necessary for the purification and disinfection of the sewers and drains
as shown by the reversed direction of the arrows on Sheet 2.
(b) That each and every inlet so becoming an outlet to the sewers and drains
when under compression is furnished with a self acting or automatic valvular or
other efficient trap.
(c) That by and during the reversal of the said forced draught and for the better
discovery testing and detection of breakage stoppage and leakage within the sewers
and drains and for the purification and disinfection thereof I cause pungent gases
deodorizing and disinfecting antiseptic vapours or the fumes of odoriferous or other
suitable substances to be injected therein.
(d) Lastly at certain points stations junctions or centres along the course of the
sewers and drains as and where required for the purposes and objects herein I
provide blow off pipes discharge tubes vent holes flues or shafts as shewn by the
small annulet (K).
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and the manner of carrying the same into effect I declare that what I
claim is
The
process substantially as herein set forth by the application of a controlable
and reversible forced draught or artificial current of air to the sewers and drains.
Dated this Sixth day of May 1895
L. B. S. LONSDALE.