Improvements in Triple Expansion Blast or Exhaust Apparatus for Locomotive Boilers.
Year: 1889

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Triple Expansion Blast or Exhaust Apparatus for
Locomotive Boilers.
I JOHN Y. SMITH, of Doylestown, in the County of Bucks, State of Pennsylvania
and United States of Americi, gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN TRIPLE EXPANSION BLAST OR EXHAUST APPARATUS
FOR LOCOMOTIVE BOILERS, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a new and improved ejector or blast apparatus designed more
especially for use in connection with locomotive and similar boilers, and to be operated
by the exhaust steam from the cylinders, but also capable of being operated by steam
from other sources, and said invention has for its principal objects to create and maintain
a practically uniform and even flow of air through the furnace and flues; to increase the
volume of gaseous products discharged in proportion to the volume and pressure of
the steam; to reduce back pressure to a minimum; to diminish or suppress the noise
incident to the escape of the exhaust steam; to keep the smoke box and flues clear
from ashes and cinders by preventing their accumulation therein; to extinguish and prevent
the escape of sparks; to regulate the power of the ejector and adapt the latter to special
local conditions; and to provide a means, whereby the draft can be started and
maintained when little or no exhaust steam is being delivered.
In the accompanying drawings, wherein the preferred form of embodiment of my
several improvements is illustrated,
Figure 1 is a side view, partly in section, representing the blast apparatus.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal vertical section taken in a plane at right angles to the
sectional portion of fig. 1.
Figure 3 is a sectional view of a portion of the smoke box showing the application
of blast apparatus and enclosing shield.
Figure 4 is a transverse vertical section through the front end of smoke box of a
locomotive boiler with blast apparatus in position.
Figure 5 is a detail view illustrating bottom plate.
Figure 6 is a detail sectional view illustrating application of supplemental steam
nozzle to central jet pipe.
Figure 7 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a modified arrangement of the
nozzles.
-
Figure 8 is a partial sectional view showing the manner of applying the removable
end or section of the blast apparatus.
Similar letters of reference in the several figures indicate the same parts.
The improved ejector or blast apparatus represented herein, comprises the following
principal elements to which all the other features of improvement are more or less
subordinate viz.: three steam nozzles, 1, 2 and 3, in open communication with both
exhaust pipes leading from the cylinders; two air passages 4 and 5, in open communi-
cation with the space surrounding the ejector; and two confining flues 6 and 7, the
one surrounding the nozzle 2, and the other, the nozzle 1.
The outer nozzle 1 is annular in form and surrounds the eduction end of
passage 4 at the base of the confining flue 6.
The inner nozzle 2 is also annular in form and surrounds the eduction end of air
passage 5 at the base of confining flue 7. The central nozzle 3 is located at the base
or induction end of the air passage 5.
It has been customary, heretofore, to provide the nozzles of ejectors or blast pipes
vith steam discharge orifices, the area of which was considerably less than the area of
he exhaust ports of the cylinders, the purpose being to raise the pressure of the steam
t the discharge orifice and, thereby, increase the power or sharpness of the blast.

page_text: The effect of such an arrangement is to check the flow of exhaust steam, resulting in
the production of more or less back pressure in the cylinders.
In order to obtain the requisite power, and, at the same time, afford a free passage
for the escape of the exhaust steam, I cause the latter to be distributed through a
series of blast nozzles, the aggregate area of whose discharge orifices nearly, or quite,
equals the area of the exhaust port or passage, and 1 arrange the several nozzles so
that the inner one, 3, shall deliver a jet of steam through the base of the central air
passage 5, the second one, 2, shall deliver an annular or tubular jet around the eduction
end of passage 5 and into the confining flue 7, and the outer one, 1, shall deliver a
tubular jet around the eduction end of passage 4 and into the confining flue 6.
The nozzles, 1 and 2, through which most of the exhaust steam is discharged, are
made annular in form and located outside of, but in close proximity to, their respective
air passages 4 and 5. This arrangement is adopted in order to increase the area of
the discharge orifices and, at the same time, present an extended surface of steam to
the gaseous matters entering the ejector through the air passages. By making the
discharge orifices long and narrow, the steam is distributed in thin sheets so that,
when brought into contact with the highly heated products of combustion within the
ejector, it will be superheated and expanded during its passage through the confining flues.
The eduction end of air passage 4 is located between the steam nozzle 1 and the
eduction end of confining flue 7 of the inner ejector, so that gaseous and other
matters, drawn through said passage, will be subjected to the direct action of steam on
both sides. The steam jet from nozzle 1 surrounding the air passage 4, is prevented
from expanding outwards by the walls of the confining flue 6 in advance thereof, so
that, whatever lateral expansion takes place is towards the column of gaseous matter
drawn through passage 4. In like manner the jet from nozzle 2 is restrained from
outward expansion and directed against the inflowing column of gaseous matter in
passage 5, the two columns, steam and gaseous products, being mingled in the
confining flue 7.
The steam from nozzle 2 follows the wall of the confining flue 7, hence, as it
emerges from the latter, it is brought into contact with the inner surface of the column
of gaseous matter issuing from air passage 4 of the outer ejector. While the products
drawn through the outer passage 4 are thus acted upon by steam on both faces, and a
thorough incorporation or mixture of the one with the other is effected in the confining
flue 6, prior to their discharge into the smoke stack, the same action does not always,
and under all circumstances, take place with respect to the gaseous and other matters
drawn through the central passage 5 of the inner ejector, inasmuch as the jet of steam
issuing from nozzle 2 merely surrounds and envelopes the gascous and other matters
flowing through the large central passage 5. Although the steam from nozzle 2 upon enter-
ing, and while passing through, confining flue 7 is caused to penetrate and mingle with
the gaseous and other products drawn through passage 5, nevertheless it will sometimes
happen that live coals or sparks will be carried up in the central column of gaseous
matter and, being protected by the latter against the enveloping column of steam, will
be permitted to escape through the smoke stack without being extinguished during
their passage through the ejector.
To obviate this defective action, increase the flow through the inner ejector and the
power of the central current, and assist in breaking up the larger particles, the nozzle 3
is added to the apparatus and arranged to deliver a jet of steam centrally of, and
within the induction end of, the air passage 5.
The steam issuing from nozzle 3 (which latter is provided with a discharge orifice of
small area as compared with the nozzles 1 and 2) occupies the central portion of the
passage 5, so that the gaseous and other matters are drawn uparound said jet and between
it and the walls of said passage 5. As the steam traverses passage 5 it expands,
forcing the gaseous and other products outwards, so that, as they emerge from the
eduction end of said passage, and are brought into direct contact with the jet, issuing
from nozzle 2, they will be confined between two moving currents of steam, the one
from nozzle 2 on the outside, and the other from nozzle 3 on the inside.
In describing the action of the currents of steam and gaseous matter within the

page_text: ejector, I have, for convenience, characterized them as tubular, columnar etc., referring
thereby to the forms given by the orifices from which they issue, but it is of course to
be understood that these forms are not preserved during the entire passage through
the apparatus, on the contrary, currents in various directions are set up, particularly
in the confining flues, where the various steam jets are injected and caused to impinge
against the gaseous matters flowing through the apparatus.
It can readily be seen, however, that with the three steam nozzles arranged and
disposed as described, whatever gaseous and other matters are drawn into, and expelled
from, the apparatus, will be completely enveloped by the steam during their entire
passage through the ejector. But this is not the only action which takes place within
the apparatus. The larger and heavier particles passing through the flues of the
boiler are drawn toward the induction passages leading to the central air passage 5,
and are carried into and through the latter. As these particles enter said passage and
are brought within the influence of the jet issuing from nozzle 3, they are impelled
with considerable force outwards against the walls of the passage, and, instead of
passing straight out through the ejector, they are driven in a more or less irregular
path across the passage, through the steam and against each other and the surrounding
walls, so that, before reaching the eduction end of the ejector, they will have been
pulverized or broken into sinaller particles, and, at the same time, the ignited portions
will be almost wholly extinguished.
Thus far I have merely referred to the characteristic features of my improved
apparatus, broadly considered, and I will now proceed to describe the special form in
which these features have been embodied, practically tested and applied. The three
steam nozzles 1, 2 and 3, are placed in communication with the exhaust ports of the
cylinders through passages contained, or formed, in the base piece A upon which the
several tubes or partitions, forming the several steam and air passages, are sup-
ported. The base piece A is formed with the steam passages a separated at
their lower ends by a bridge or division wall a¹, while the upper ends of said passages
are separated by the walls of a tubular bridge piece a², open at both ends, and provided
with a central opening or socket a³ to receive the tube B, the latter forming the walls
of air passage 5.
Within the tubular bridge piece a² and beneath the opening or socket a³ is formed
a hollow projection or tube a, preferably conical in shape, and provided with a
detachable tip constituting the nozzle 3. The bridge or division wall a¹ is extended
vertically into the tube a¹ thus partially dividing the latter into two chambers which
are, however, in open communication above the bridge a¹, and are connected through
parts or openings a' with the passages a.
The base A is adapted to be applied to the bridge piece C of the locomotive with
cach passage a in communication with one of the exhaust pipes c leading from the
cylinders, so that as steam is delivered from either cylinder it will enter one of the
passages a in base piece A, a portion of the steam being diverted through port a³ into
one of the chambers in tube at and escaping through nozzle 3, while the larger volume
of steam will ascend through the passage a.
The upper wall of the tubular bridge a² is rounded on each side of the socket a³ and
the upper ends of passages a are enlarged or widened laterally, to afford a free passage
for the steam.
Above the base piece A is secured an intermediate section D comprising a ring
section d and two vertical extensions or tubes d¹ d². The ring section d is provided
with two series of passages or ports d³, d, the one d³, extending upwards and outwards
from the steam space above passages a, and the other extending upwards and inwards
from the exterior of the section to the space or chamber formed between the
tubes d¹, d², those tubes being separated to form the air passage 4.
When this intermediate section is applied to the base piece A, its lower portion
forms a continuation or vertical prolongation of the outer wall of the base piece, thus
forming an annular chamber d³ between the exterior wall and the central tube B, into
which chamber the steam passages a open. The inner tube d² surrounds the central
tube B and is extended beyond the eduction end of the latter, its lower end being

page_text: enlarged to form a steam passage do, to the annular opening between the outer wall
of tube B and the inner wall of tube d², said annular opening constituting the nozzle 2,
while that portion of the tube d' extending beyond the mouth of tube B and nozzlo 2
forms the confining flue 7.
The outer tube d¹ is, for greater convenience of manufacture, detachably secured to
the ring section d outside of the air ports d in the latter, and is held removed from
the inner tube d², to form an air chamber or passage 4, through which the gaseous
products are drawn.
The upper tubular section E is, for convenience, detachably secured to the
intermediate section 1 outside of ports d³ and is held removed from tube d³, to form a
steam passage leading to nozzle 1, which latter is formed by the annular space
between the wall of section E and the end of tube d¹.
The upper end e of section E is made detachable, and constitutes the confining
flue 6.
The inner tube or partition d² may terminate opposite the end of tube d¹ to bring
the eduction end of air passage 4 in immediate proximity to the nozzle 1, as shown in
figures 1 and 2, or it may terminate some-distance below the end of the outer tube d³,
as shown in figure 7, and this latter construction is, under certain circumstances,
preferable, as affording greater clearance for the steam jets, and, at the same time,
increasing the action of the steam from nozzle 2 upon the air or gaseous products
drawn through passage 4, so that a larger proportion of the power of the steam jet
from nozzle 1 can be utilized for propelling the gaseous matter from above and
around the eduction end of the ejector into and through the smoke stack or
chimney.
It is very desirable that the steam, as well as the gaseous products drawn or
impelled through the ejector, should have a clear and unobstructed passage through
the latter, and that the openings or passages should be as wide and straight as is
consistent with effective action.
To this end the intermediate section of the ejector is enlarged to furnish wide
passages for the steam and gaseous products, while the upper ends of the tubes d¹ d²
and the outer section E are contracted to effect the necessary reduction in the area of
the steam nozzles 1 and 2 and the eduction end of passage 4. Under these circum-
stances, and to give a greater amount of clearance to the steam jets, the upper ends of
the tubes, dd2 and the inner face of the section E are made cylindrical and
substantially parallel with the inner wall, of air passage 5 and confining flue 6.
The jet of steam from nozzle 1 and the column of mingled steam and gaseous
matter from confining flue 7 are thus caused to issue from their respective passages in
lines substantially parallel with the axis of the ejector, whereby a stronger current is
produced through the ejector, and interfering counter currents are prevented.
The surfaces within the ejector subjected to the direct action of the steam from the
cylinders are very liable to become, in time, covered with a coating of grease and
other products which not only corrode the surface, but what is more important and
objectionable, this coating soon obstructs the passages, thereby reducing the area of
the escape orifices so that back pressure in the cylinder is promoted, and, at the same
time, changing the forms of the nozzles and the direction of the steam jets, so as to
produce interfering currents within the ejector, and thereby reducing its effective action.
After many trials and an extended series of practical experiments 1 bave overcome
this defect, which has heretofore been regarded as unsurmountable, by making the
surfaces, which are subjected to the direct action of the exhaust steam, of vitrious
material such, for example, as porcelain, enamel or equivalent substances, -as
indicated at v figure 2-affording a smooth non-corrosive surface.
This vitrious surface is, preferably, applied as a coating to the metal surfaces of the
tubes at those points where the deposit is liable to be made. It is not alone for the
protection of the metal that this coating is provided, although this is incident to its
employment, but to furnish a surface from which the adhering materials can and will
be removed by the direct action of the steam before they can have become indurated
or can have obtained a permanent hold upon the surface.

page_text: As has previously been stated, the nozzle 3 aids materially in effecting the destruction
and extinguishment of such live coals and sparks as may be drawn into the ejector
through the central air passage 5, and to assist this action a series of pins or pro-
jections may be attached to the walls of tube B and the passage 4 (either or both)
against which the larger particles will be caused to strike so as to be more readily
broken into smaller fragments. These pins or projecting points will operate to delay
somewhat the passage of the heavier particles, and thus retain them for a longer
period surrounded by, and subjected to, an atmosphere highly charged with steam.
The maximum pulverizing and extinguishing action is exerted upon the particles
entering the induction passages in the tubular bridge piece a² and passing through
the central tube B of the ejector, inasmuch as all products drawn through the central
air passage 5, are successively subjected to the action of the several steam jets issuing
from nozzles 1, 2 and 3, expanding from the centre outwards, and the others (1 and 2)
from the exterior inwards.
The ejector is so arranged with reference to the flues and smoke box that the
induction passages leading to the central tube B will stand opposite the lower series
of flues, while the induction ports or passages d' through which the gaseous products
enter passage 4, are disposed at a higher level.
In order that the larger particles drawn through the flues shall be compelled to
pass through the central air passage 5 before emerging from the smoke stack, the
upper portion of the ejector is enclosed by a netting or perforated plate G extending
from a point below the upper series of inlet ports leading to passage
to the walls of
the smoke box or chamber, so that only such particles as can pass through the meshes
or perforations in the guard G, will be permitted to enter the smoke stack, either
through passage 4 or the space around the eduction end of the ejector, said guard
being so arranged as to direct the larger particles towards the base of the ejector.
The induction passages leading to the central air tube are, however, open and, as the
current is stronger and more concentrated at this point, the larger particles are taken
up and driven through the ejector.
The removable end e of the outer wall or upper section E is detachably secured in
order that tubes or sections of different internal dimensions may be readily substituted,
and said removable sections constitute an important feature, inasmuch as it furnishes
a means, whereby the power of the ejector can readily be varied to suit the special
conditions under which it is to be used. Thus, by the substitution of a larger or
smaller section e, the size of the steam nozzle can be adjusted so that the area of the
escape orifices will be properly proportioned to the exhaust ports of the cylinders,
and, at the same time, the area of the confining flue 6 or eduction end of the ejector
will be varied to correspond with the variations made in the steam nozzle.
Another important and valuable feature of my improved ejector consists in the
application within the central air passage 5 of a supplemental blast pipe H, preferably
annular in form and surrounding the nozzle 3, (to the tip of which it is united by a
screw thread) connected to and receiving steam direct from the boiler or other source,
suitable means, such as a valve, being provided for controlling the admission of steam
to said blast pipe.
This supplemental blast pipe H, which may be of any suitable form and dimensions,
is brought into use either alone or in connection with the exhaust from the cylinders,
and to start or maintain a draft while the locomotive is standing or running with little
or no pressure in the cylinders.
When the fire is first started in the furnace it is desirable that the cooler and
heavier air and gases should be drawn from the lower portion of the smoke box and
the lower flues, in order that, the whole heating surface may be exposed to the direct
action of the heated products, and the same is true when the engine has been standing
for some time with the fire low or banked, as under such circumstances, the lower
flues and lower section of the smoke box become charged with heavy gases which
prevent the more highly heated and lighter products of combustion from flowing
therethrough. By arranging the supplemental blast pipe H so that the steam issuing
therefrom will be discharged into, and caused to traverse, the inner tube B of the

page_text: ejector, the heavier air and gases in the lower section of the boiler will be carried out
and discharged through the smoke stack, the ejector preventing too much lateral
expansion of the steam and serving to conduct and direct the latter, together with the
gases carried thereby, up through the lighter and more expanded gaseous products of
combustion in the upper section of the smoke box.
It not infrequently happens that it is desirable to increase the draft while running
but when little or no steam is being discharged from the cylinders. This is the
case when getting ready to start up with a heavy load and low pressure in the
boiler, or when running down grade just before beginning a steep ascent with little,
or no steam being delivered. to the cylinders and the injector open and forcing cooler
water into the boiler.
In such cases steam is admitted to the supplemental blast pipe H and, acting
alone or in conjunction with the exhaust steam, the steam issuing from said blast
pipe H will operate to maintain the flow of the gaseous products until the supply of
the exhaust steam has been increased sufficiently to work the ejector, when the supply
to the supplemental blast pipe is cut off.
As herein before stated it is sometimes desirable to arrange the several air and steam
nozzles and confining flues as illustrated in figure 7, so that a line drawn from the
inner nozzle 3 to the edge of the outer confining flue or exit end of the ejector will
nearly or just touch each of the intermediate tubes, as shown by the dotted lines in
said figure. This is done, to afford greater clearance for the steam and gaseous
matters. Thus the steam and gas traversing the central flue instead of being
choked or retarded by the contracted walls of said passage, is permitted a free exit
into the next larger flue, the latter also provided with straight walls, and so on
through the entire apparatus, the steam and gas expanding from one flue into the
next and flowing therethrough without check or retardation, other than such as is
incident to the friction upon the walls.
As ordinarily constructed, locomotives are provided with a diaphragm or deflecting
plate, as at L, figure 3, against which the solid particles drawn through the flues
strike and are deflected toward the bottom of the smoke box or chamber. With a
view to preventing these larger and heavier particles from entering the ejector
immediately upon leaving the flues and while in a state of active combustion, as when
leaving the furnaces, and, at the same time, prevent an undue accumulation of coals
and cinders in the front of the smoke box, and ensuring their entrance into the inner
ejector, the following arrangement illustrated in figure 3, has been adopted.
That one of the induction passages, leading to tube B of the inner ejector, which
faces the flues is covered by a perforated hood or plate 30, curved or beveled so as
to form a deflecting surface for directing the larger particles, as drawn through the
flues, toward the front of the smoke box.
The front end or corner of the smoke box is provided with an inclined wall or
plate 31, joining the ejector at a point above the forward induction opening leading
to the inner ejector, and extending downwards. and rearwardly, until it joins the
walls of the chamber, thus forming a covering for the induction opening and an
upwardly inclined wall against which the heavier particles are driven. Beneath this
plate or partition 31 is arranged a second plate 32 with upturned sides or flanges
which, in connection with plate 31, forms a flue or chute communicating at its front
end through an opening 33 with the interior of the smoke box and at its rear end
opening into the front induction passage of the inner ejector. As thus arranged two
deflecting plates or surfaces are provided, the one covering the rear induction passage
serving to deflect the heavier particles toward the front of the smoke box, and the
other, for deflecting said particles towards the mouth 33 of the chute leading to the
front induction passage, so that the larger particles will be detained for a limited
space of time within the smoke box, but will be compelled, eventually, to escape
through the inner ejector.
In order to further delay the passage of the ignited particles, the chute may be
provided with deflecting plates 34 inclining more or less in the direction of motion
of the particles through the chute, and for the purpose of regulating the motion and,

page_text: at the same time, provide for readily clearing the chute, should particles lodge therein,
one or both series of deflecting plates 34 may be made movable or adjustable. Thus,
in the example illustrated, the upper series of plates 34 are fixed in position, while
those of the lower series, separately hinged or pivoted, are connected together to
move in unison, so that they can be adjusted to change their angular position, or
shaken to remove particles which may have lodged in the chute.
A jet pipe 35 supplied with steam from the boiler or other sources may be inserted
or located in the upper or front end of the chute, through which a blast of steam can
be injected to clear the chute.
It has been observed that the obstructing coating or deposit formed on the surfaces
of the tubes where exposed to the direct action of, or contact with, the exhaust
steam, is greatest within the upper tubular section e, consequently it is very desirable
that this portion of the apparatus should be thoroughly protected, if possible, as it
constitutes, in a measure, the means for varying the power of the apparatus and is
made removable for that purpose. Instead, therefore, of coating said section with
enamel or other vitrious material, I propose to make the section entirely of non-
corrosive material, such as porcelain, fire brick or compounds containing asbestos or
other suitable non corrosive and non combustible materials.
To provide for the ready removal and insertion of the outer section e when made
of non metallic substances, such as referred to, the following arrangement may be
adopted:
Referring to figure 8, e represents the detachable section fitted to enter snugly
within the mouth of section E, the lower edge being beveled as shown. Upon section E,
a flange 46 is formed to which is bolted or otherwise secured a ring 47 provided with
several arms 48 having inwardly projecting shoulders 49. A groove 40 (or shoulder)
is formed on the exterior of the section e to receive the shoulder 49 on arms 48, the
latter being sprung or forced inwards to clasp the removable section e by means of a
split ring 41 embracing the arms and provided with a clamping bolt 42. Other
known means may be employed for securing and holding the tip or removable
section e in position above or within the mouth of section E, but the arrangement
of parts shown in figure 8 possesses obvious advantages, in that it furnishes a means
whereby the section can be quickly removed and replaced.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In a blast or exhaust apparatus, such as described, the combination with an
inner and outer steam nozzle, an air passage adjacent the outer nozzle, an air passage
centrally of the inner nozzle, and a jet pipe or nozzle discharging into the induction
end of the central air passage; substantially as described.
2. In a blast or exhaust apparatus, such as described, the combination with steam
nozzles 1 and 2, air passages 4 and 5, a steam chamber common to the said nozzles
and communicating through separate passages with the cylinders, of a steam nozzle
or jet pipe 3 in open communication with both passages leading to the cylinders, as
and for the purpose set forth.
3. In a blast or exhaust apparatus, such as described, the combination with the
outer annular steam nozzle, its confining flue and air passage, the inner annular steam
nozzle its confining flue and central air passage, and the jet pipe or steam nozzle
located at or near the induction end of the said central air passage, and a chamber
or passage communicating with the three steam nozzles and the cylinders; substantially
as described.
4. The combination in a blast or exhaust apparatus, such as described, comprising
inner and outer ejectors having separate air passages and inlet ports located at
different levels, and a perforated screen enclosing or covering the upper series of air
inlets, substantially as described.
5. The combination with the smoke box flues and smoke stack, an exhaust or
blast apparatus, such as described, provided with inner and outer steam nozzles and

page_text: separate air passages opening into the smoke box at different levels, a jet pipe or
steam nozzle delivering into the induction end of the lower air passage, and a screen
enclosing the upper air inlets and the inlet to the smoke stack, as and for the purpose
set forth.
6. In a blast or exhaust apparatus, such as described, comprising inner and outer
ejectors, the combination with the walls or tubes forming the steam and air passages,
of the removable tubular section forming the confining chamber and outer wall of
the outer steam nozzle and the eduction orifice of the apparatus, substantially as
described.
7. In a blast or exhaust apparatus, such as described, the combination with the
central air passage opening into the lower portion of the smoke box, of a supple-
mental steam nozzle discharging into the induction end of said passage and connected
with the boiler, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
8. In combination with a blast or exhaust apparatus, such as described, containing
a central air passage, an annular steam nozzle surrounding said passage, and a central
jet pipe or steam nozzle discharging into said air passage, and passages connecting
said annular and central nozzles with the exhaust ports of the cylinders, a supple-
mental blast pipe or nozzle surrounding the central nozzle and discharging into the
central air passage, said supplemental blast pipe being in communication with a
constant steam supply, as and for the purpose set forth.
9. In a blast or exhaust apparatus, such as described, the combination with the
central air passage and annular steam nozzle surrounding said air passage, a confining
flue located in advance of the steam nozzle and provided with parallel walls at its
eduction end, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
10: The combination in a blast or exhaust apparatus, such as described, and with
an inner ejector consisting of a steam nozzle, air passage and confining flue, of an
outer ejector including air passage, steam nozzle and confining flue, the walls of said
nozzle and flue being formed parallel, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
11. In a blast or exhaust apparatus, such as described, the combination with the
inner ejector whose confining flue is provided at its eduction end with cylindrical
walls, of an outer ejector provided with cylindrical steam and air nozzles located
in advance of the confining flue of the inner ejector, and a cylindrical confining flue
common to the two ejectors, as and for the purpose set forth.
12. In a blast apparatus, such as described, the combination with the hollow base
piece provided with a partition and a transverse tubular bridge piece containing the
induction passages and a port or opening into the air passage of the ejector, a hollow
projection or tube located within said tubular bridge and provided with a steam
nozzle or escape orifice discharging into the ejector, said hollow projection containing
a division wall separating it into two chambers, each of the latter communicating
with one of the steam passages in the base piece and with the steam nozzle, as and
for the purpose set forth.
13. In a blast or exhaust apparatus, such as described, the combination with the
hollow piece containing steam passages and a tubular bridge, a tube forming an air
passage mounted upon, and communicating with, the interior of the tubular bridge,
an intermediate section containing a steam chamber surrounding the central air
passage or tube and communicating with the steam passages in the base piece and two
series of reversely inclined ports, the one for air and the other for steam, with two
tubular walls separated from each other and the inner tube to form air and steam
passages, and an outer tube arranged above the intermediate section and provided
with a detachable eduction end, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
14. The combination, to form a blast or exhaust apparatus such as described, of
the base A formed or provided with steam passages a, a tubular bridge a², and
nozzle 3, a tube B applied to an opening in bridge a² above and in line with nozzle 3 ;
intermediate section D containing a steam chamber or space, two series of ports or
passages d³, d, and tubes d', d; and an upper section E, the whole arranged for 5
conjoint action substantially as set forth.
15. The combination, in a blast or exhaust apparatus, such as described, of a base

page_text: formed or provided with two steam passages a, and a steam nozzle or orifice 3
cominunicating with both of said passages, a central air passage 5 in line with
nozzle 3 and provided with inlet openings near the base of the apparatus, a steam
chamber surrounding passage 5 and communicating with passages a, two steam
passages communicating with said steam chamber and terminating, the one in nozzle 2,
and the other in nozzle 1, an air passage 4 with its eduction end between nozzles 1
and 2, a confining flue 7 in advance of nozzle 2 and the discharge end of passage 5,
and a confining flue 6 in advance of nozzle 1 and the discharge end of flue 7, as and
for the purpose set forth.
4
16. In a blast or exhaust, apparatus such as described, containing steam nozzles 1
and 2, an intermediate air passage 4, and a steam chamber from which steam is
supplied to both said nozzles, the combination with the walls forming the air passage
and the steam passage leading to nozzle 1, of a ring section such as E' containing
two series of reversely inclined ports or passages, the one leading from the steam
chamber to the steam passage of nozzle 1, and the other from the exterior of the
apparatus to the air passage 4, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
17. In a blast apparatus for locomotives and other engines a steam nozzle provided
with a vitrified surface.
18. In a blast or exhaust apparatus for locomotive boilers, and in combination with
the smoke box and passages communicating with exhaust ports of cylinders, an
ejector operated by the exhaust steam provided with a smooth vitrious non corrosive
surface or coating at and near the escape orifice for the steam, substantially as and
for the purpose set forth.
19. In an exhaust apparatus, such as described, and in combination with the outer
casing E, a non-metallic and non corrosive nozzle or section e detachably secured
thereto and forming the eduction end of the ejector, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
20. In a blast or exhaust apparatus for locomotives, the combination with the
boiler, its flues and smoke box, and the ejector located within the smoke box, a
perforated hood or deflecting plate covering the rear induction passage; substantially
as described.
21. In a blast or exhaust apparatus for locomotives, the combination with the
boiler, its flues and smoke box, and the ejector located within the smoke box, an
inclined plate arranged in the front of the smoke box and covering the front
induction passage of the ejector, and a chute or enclosed passage communicating with
said induction passage and provided with an opening near the upper end of the
inclined plate to receive the ashes, cinders etc., substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
22. In an exhaust or blast apparatus for locomotives, and in combination with the
smoke box and the ejector located therein and discharging into the smoke stack, a
perforated deflecting plate covering the rear induction base, an inclined plate
covering the front induction--
caute or unit leading from the front,
induction passə
✓ and opening through, the inclined plate, substantially as
described
a
23. In an exhaust or blast apparatus, such as described, the combination with the
ejector located within the smoke box, a partition above the induction passage of the
ejector, a chute or chamber communicating with the forward portion of the smoke
box and said induction passage, and provided with deflecting plates to retard the
passage of cinders etc., substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
24. In a blast or exhaust apparatus, such as described, the combination with the
ejector located within the smoke box, a chamber or chute communicating with the
induction passage of the ejector, a deflecting plate provided with an opening for
the escape of cinders etc., into said chamber or chute, and a series of hinged or
pivoted deflecting plates projected within the said chamber or chute and connected
together, substantially as described.
25. In an exhaust or blast apparatus for locomotives, the combination with the
boiler, its flues, smoke box and smoke stack, and an ejector provided with two or
P

page_text: more sets of induction passages at different levels, a perforated guard surrounding
the upper set of induction passages, a perforated deflecting plate or guard covering
the rear induction aperture of the lower set of passages, an inclined plate covering the
front induction aperture of the lower passages, and a chute or chamber communi-
cating with said front induction opening, said inclined plate being provided with an
opening or passage for the admission of cinders etc., into the said chute or chamber
whence they are conducted to the induction passage of the ejector, substantially as
set forth.
26. In an exhaust or blast apparatus, such as described, the combination with the
central air passage or flue, and central jet pipe, an annular steam nozzle surrounding
the central air passage, an uncontracted flue into which the said steam nozzle and
air passage open, an annular air nozzle surrounding the eduction end of said
uncontracted flue and delivering into a second uncontracted flue or passage whose
eduction end is surrounded by an annular steam nozzle, the latter delivering steam
through a confining chamber or flue whose inner walls are straight, whereby choking
or undue retardation of air or gas and steam within the ejector is prevented,
substantially as described.
Datad this 0th day
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.