Improvements in Electric Telegraphic Apparatus, Applicable also to other Electric Signalling or Indicating Apparatus.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Aug., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 5th Apr., 1890-Accepted, 12th July, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Electric Telegraphic Apparatus, Applicable also to
other Electric Signalling or Indicating Apparatus.
We THOMAS HUGH PARKER of New Bridge Wolverhampton in the County of
Stafford Electrician, and GEORGE WILLIAM FAIRALL of No. Ann Street Tettenhall
Road Wolverhampton in the County of Stafford Cashier, do hereby declare the nature
of our said invention to be as follows:-
Our invention has for its object improvements in electric telegraphic apparatus
applicable also to other electric signalling or indicating apparatus by which in the case of
single needle telegraphs we are enabled at any point in the line of wire were the intensity
of the electric current becomes diminished, to automatically relay from a battery the
particular current which may be in circuit whether it be of the positive or negative
kind, and further to deflect the needle or actuate any other electrical instruments in
a much more sensitive or economical manner than has been previously done.
Our relay instrument consists of five or more permanent magnets upon each of
which is mounted an electro magnet, by which induced magnetism is obtained two
of these, require to be positive, two negative and the other either positive or negative
as may be preffered. In connection with each of these magnetic coils is an armature
having the end of a lever attached thereto, the lever being in turn mounted and
pivotted in the centre so that the pull of a contraction spring of adjustable strength
which is attached to the other end of each lever is under normal conditions resisted
in each case by the armatures thereby keeping contact between the ends of the levers,
The various connections
and an adjustable screw pin which is provided in each case.
are made as follows:-Supposing the whole of the five magnets to be in a row.
end of the line is attached to the lever of No. 1 and the adjustable pin of No. 1 with
the lever of No. 2 the adjustable pin of No. 2 with the magnetic coil of No. 4 the
magnetic coil of No. 4 with the magnetic coil of No. 5, the magnetic coil of No. 5
with the magnetic coil No. 3 and from thence with the earth plate. The other end
of the line is attached to the lever No. 5 and the pin No. 5 with the lever No. 4.
The pin No. 4 with the magnetic coil No. 2. The coil No. 2 with the coil No. 1.
The coil No. 1 with the coil No. 3 and from thence to the earth plate.
One
In each case an adjustable contact pin is provided above the end of each lever
which under normal conditions is not in contact with the lever but supposing the
coils No. 1 and No. 4 to be positive and the coils No. 2 and No. 5 negative, the
positive pole of the battery is connected to the top contact pins of the negative coils
of No. 2 and No. 5 and also to the lower contact pin of No. 3 coil which we will
take as being negative. The negative pole is attached to the top contact pins of the
positive coils No. 1 and No. 4 and with the top contact pin of No. 3.
The action of relaying or repeating the current is then as follows:-Supposing
for example that a positive current of more or less diminished intensity is entering
from the line, it passes through the lever No. 1 lower contact pin No. 1 lever No. 2
lower contact pin No. 2 to coil No. 4 through which by reason of it being
positive it passes without action into coil No. 5 which being negative is acted
upon by the positive current withdrawing the induced magnetism and releasing
the armature No. 5 thereby obviating the resistance to the spring which breakes
contact between lever and lower pin No. 5 and forms, contact between lever and
upper contact pin No. 5 with which the positive pole is connected as before
along
described thereby allowing a relay of current to pass by the lever No.
the other portion of the line. It is important to notice that the current of
diminished intensity after passing through the coils No. 4 and No. 5 passes through
coil No. 3 which being negative is acted upon by the positive current in a similar way
to that described with regard to coil No. 5 thereby forming contact by means of

page_text: lever No. 3 between the positive pole and the earth plate. It will readily be seen
that the action of a negative current would be the same only that the current would
act upon the positive coil instead of the negative, and would have no action in
coil No. 3 which is not required as the normal condition of that coil forms contact
by means of lever No. 3 between the negative pole and the earth plate.
The mode of deflecting the needle or actuating any other electrical instrument by
means of our invention is as follows:-The needle or other indicator is fixed upon
an arbor to which the top of a pendulum is also fixed upon which pendulum the
armature is fixed so as to swing between the two poles of an electro magnet mounted
upon a permanent magnet. These two poles contain respectively positive and negative
induced magnetism and through these two electro magnets the line is made to pass
for the purpose of deflecting the needle by means of the negative current acting upon
the positive magnet and withdrawing the attraction from the armature on the one
side and the positive current acting similarly on the other.
Dated this 93rd don of Amount 1000
GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Electric Telegraphic Apparatus, Applicable also to
other Electric Signalling or Indicating Apparatus.
We, THOMAS HUGH PARKER, of New Bridge Wolverhampton in the County of
Stafford Electrician, and GEORGE WILLIAM FAIRALL of No. 1 Ann Street Tettenhall
Road Wolverhampton in the County of Stafford Cashier do hereby declare the nature
of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our invention has for its object, improvements in electric telegraphic apparatus
applicable also to other electric signalling or indicating apparatus by which in the case of
single needle telegraph we are enabled at any point on the line of wire where the intensity
of the electric current becomes diminished to automatically relay from a battery the
particular current which may be in circuit, whether it be of the positive or negative
kind and further to deflect the needle or actuate any other electrical instrument in
a much more sensitive or economical manner than has been previously done.
In order that our invention may be clearly understood and more easily carried into
practice we have appended hereunto, one double sized sheet of drawings upon which
we have illustrated our relay instrument at the same time shewing the necessary
connections to the line of wire, the battery and the earth, the whole of which we
will now proceed to explain commencing with the five permanent magnets B upon
which are mounted the electro magnets by which induced magnetism is obtained
within the coils A', A2, A3, A4 and A two of which required to be positive, two
negative the other being either positive or negative as may be preferred as will be
hereafter more clearly understood upon reference to the description of the action of
the instrument. In connection with these coils are the armatures D1, D2, D³, D¹
and D having respectively the levers E¹ E2 E3 E and E5 attached thereto these
levers are mounted and pivotted in each case at e so that the pull of the contraction
springs F which are attached to the ends e' of the levers are under normal condi-
tions resisted in each case by the armatures D1 D2 D3 D and D thereby keeping
contact between the ends e&e of the levers, and the adjustable screw pins h³, h³ ³ hª
and * which are mounted upon the noneconducting supports H.
The strength of the springs F are adjusted by means of the threaded spindles F¹
and thumb screws 3. The various connections are made as follows:-The one
end of the line K is attached to the lever E' and the contact pin h¹ with the
lever E; the pin 2 with the coil A*; the coil A* with the coil A*; the coil A*
with the coil A; and from thence with the earth plate P. The other end ² of the
line wire K is attached to the lever E³ the pin ³ with the lever E*; the pin h* with

page_text: the coil A; the coil A with the coil A¹; the coil A¹ with the coil A³ and from
thence with earth P. Supposing the coils A' & A* to be positive and the coils A² & A'
negative the positive pole is connected to the contact pins and 10 of the negative
coils and 8 of the earth coil for the purpose hereafter described, and the negative
pole to the contact pins he and 2 of the positive coils and h³ of the earth coil and
the lever E3 of the earth coil A³ is connected with the earth plate P.
The action of relaying or repeating the current is then as follows:-Suppose, for
example, that a positive current of more or less diminished intensity, is travelling along
the line K in the direction of the arrows S it passes through the end K¹ to lever E';
contact pin to lever E2; and through contact pin 2 to coil A through which by
reason of it being positive it passes without action into the coil A which being
negative is acted upon by the positive current neutralizing the induced magnetism
and releasing the armature D' thereby obviating the resistance to the spring F breaks
contact between pin h and lever E and allows contact to be formed between the
end of the lever E and the contact pin h¹ with which it will be noticed the positive
pole is connected, thereby allowing a relay of current to pass by the lever E' to the
other end K2 of the line wire K. It is important to notice that the current of
diminished intensity after passing through the positive and negative coils A* and A³
passes through the coil A³ which being negative is acted upon by the positive current
in a similar way to that described with regard to the coil A³ thereby forming contact
between the positive pole and the earth plate P.
It will be readily seen that the action in the case of a negative current would be
the same, with the exception that in the case of the coils through which it passes
the negative current would take action upon the positive coil A instead of the
negative coil A as in the case of the positive current and would have no action in
the negative or earth coil A3 which is not required by reason of the normal condition
of that coil being, to form contact by means of the end e of the lever E³ and the
pin 3 between the negative pole and the earth plate P. It will also be seen that a
current entering from the other end k³ of the line K in the direction of the arrow T
whether positive or negative would operate and be renewed in an exactly similar
manner from the reverse end.
We do not confine ourselves to the exact disposition or connection of the various
parts as long as they are relatively the same with regard to each other, neither do we
confine ourselves to the particular details of the various parts of the instrument or
the number of magnets as there may be more than five although in this there would
be no appreciable advantage.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion & in what manner the same is to be performed; we declare that what we
claim is :-
First: The improved relay instrument for use in single needle telegraphs,
substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth and shewn upon the drawing.
Second: The improvements in electric signalling or indicating apparatus by which
both the negative and positive currents are made to act upon the induced mechanism
in a combined electric and permanent magnet substantially as herein set forth and
shewn upon the drawing.
Third The improvements in electric telegraphic apparatus applicable also to other
electric signalling or indicating apparatus substantially as and for the purpose herein
set forth and shewn upon the drawing.
3000
GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicants.