IM- PROVEMENTS IN DYEING OR PRINTING WOVEN FABRICS OF MIXED MATERIALS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Stevenson Macdonald, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Chemist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
Sealed the 19th September 1860, and dated the 21st March 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Stevenson
Macdonald at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 21st March 1860.
I, WILLIAM STEVENSON MACDONALD, of Manchester, in the County of Lan-
caster, Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN DYEING OR PRINTING WOVEN FABRICS OF MIXED MATERIALS," to be
as follows:-
My Invention refers to dyeing or printing those fabrics which require two
operations, the one for cotton and the other for wool, for instance, and consists
in applying the coloring materials in a thickened condition, and by means of
rollers, blocks, or other such surfaces, either plain or engraved.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Stevenson Mc Donald in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 20th September 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
STEVENSON MC DONALD, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Chemist,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said William Stevenson Mc Donald, Her special license that I, the said
William Stevenson Mc Donald, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said William Stevenson Mc Donald, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING OR PRINTING WOVEN. FABRICS OF
MIXED MATERIALS," upon the condition, amongst others, that I, the said
William Stevenson M° Donald, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Stevenson Mc Donald, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement (that is to say):-
In order to point out clearly the nature of my Invention, I will, in the first
place, state the ordinary process upon which it is an improvement. Fabrics
consisting of cotton and wool or mohair, silk and wool, cotton and silk, or any
mixture of these, or with hemp or flax or other fibrous materials, when dyed
one uniform colour, or different colours, are, according to the usual practice,
dyed firstly for the wool, for instance, and then for the cotton, or vice versa
according to the colouring matter employed, and fabrics of other mixed
materials are in like manner treated, all the colouring matters or their bases
or mordaunts being dissolved in water and used after the manner commonly
understood as dyeing,

page_text: Whereas my improved method consists in thickening the dyeing or colour-
ing materials or their bases or mordaunts, either for the first or second dye,
with flour, starch, gum, or suitable mineral substance, or other material
commonly used for such thickening, and then applying the same by means of
a block or blocks, padding, blotching, or engraved roller or rollers, or plates
or cleaning doctors, or other suitable surface or surfaces of that character.
The colours so applied I then raise and fix or dry the same as in the case of
mineral or spirit colours, or dry and steam as in the case of steam colours, or
simply dry as in the case of topical or pigment colours, all of which different
treatments will be well understood by all persons conversant with dyeing and
printing. The strength or quantities of materials to be used in any case will
depend upon their chemical nature and the shade of colour desired.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood
that I claim as secured to me under the above in part recited Letters Patent,
and as applied to fabrics of mixed materials, the applying of colouring matters
or their mordaunts or bases, for the first or second dye in a thickened state
and by means of a block or blocks, roller or rollers, engraved or otherwise, or
cleaning doctor, or other such surface or surfaces.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Stevenson McDonald, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of September, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
W. STEVENSON MACDONALD. L.S.