Improvements in Apparatus for Heating and Cooling Liquids.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Aug., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 16th May, 1893-Accepted, 15th July, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Heating and Cooling Liquids.
I GEORGE HENRY RICHMOND of 11 Delamere Street Fairfield near Manchester
in the County of Lancaster Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
In carrying out my invention I construct a suitable vessel of cast iron provided
with an inlet at the bottom and one or more draw off cocks at the top and lined
on the inside with enamel to avoid rust and mount the same on a hollow base and
between the two I insert a flat plate which plate I provide with holes into which
are secured a number of by preference copper tubes rising from such plate to
within a short distance of the top of the vessel and terminating in a suitable
chamber which chamber I further provide with an escape valve opening inwards.
An aperture in the hollow base is provided for the inlet of steam and such aperture
is continued by means of a smaller pipe through one of the copper tubes into the
chamber. The outlet for the condensed steam I prefer to provide with an elongated
box of cast iron in which is fitted a bar of brass on the centre of which bar is a cone
designed to come opposite to the passage leading from the base. The operation of
this improved apparatus is as follows:-The liquid to be heated is led into the
vessel through a back pressure valve and a steam pipe is connected to the steam
inlet in the hollow base from whence the steam enters the chamber and descends
by means of the copper tubes to the hollow base in which the water of condensation
accumulates and passes from such hollow base into the elongated box from which it
is discharged into the atmosphere. Upon all the water becoming discharged the
steam will follow and the heat from the steam will cause the brass bar with which
the elongated box is provided to expand and take a curved form by which means
the cone upon the brass bar will be forced into the passage leading from the base
and so prevent any waste of steam. It will now be seen that the steam in its
passage will have heated the liquid contained in the vessel and the same may be
drawn off at will by means of the draw off cock at the top. As the inlet is
provided with a back pressure valve it will be obvious that the liquid to be heated
cannot be forced into the supply pipes but as liquid upon becoming hot expands
considerably and if the draw off cock was closed would otherwise burst the vessel
the escape valve is provided to allow of the expanded liquid being discharged into
the steam chamber and so escape into the atmosphere and in this manner much
trouble and annoyance is saved when using the apparatus connected to water mains
for boiling water.
Although I have only described the apparatus as applicable to heating liquids
it will be apparent that it may be used for cooling liquids by forcing cold water
through instead of steam.
1000
G. H. RICHMOND.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Heating and Cooling Liquids.
I GEORGE HENRY RICHMOND of 11 Delamere Street Fairfield near Manchester
in the County of Lancaster Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
In carrying out my invention I construct a suitable vessel of iron provided with

page_text: an inlet at the bottom and one or more draw off cocks at the top and line the same
on the inside with enamel to avoid rust and mount such vessel upon a hollow base and
between such vessel and base I insert a flat plate which plate I provide with holes
into which are secured a number of tubes of copper or other material rising. from
such plate to within a short distance of the top of the vessel and terminating in a
suitable chamber which chamber I further provide with an escape valve opening
inwards. An aperture in the hollow base is provided for the inlet of steam and
such aperture is continued by means of a small pipe or pipes through one or more
of the hereinbefore mentioned tubes into the chamber. The outlet for the
condensed steam I prefer to provide with an elongated box of cast iron in which
is fitted a bar of brass on the centre of which bar is a cone designed to come
opposite to the passage leading from the base.
And in order that my invention may be more readily understood and carried
into effect I have hereunto annexed a sheet of drawings illustrative of the same
which I will now proceed to describe with the assistance of the figures and letters
of reference marked thereon the same letters being used in both views to denote
like parts.
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation and Fig. 2 a sectional plan of my improved
apparatus.
A is an iron vessel provided with an inlet B at the bottom and one or more draw
off cocks C at the top and this vessel A is lined on the inside with enamel to avoid
rust I mount this vessel A upon a hollow base D and between the vessel A and
hollow base D I insert a flat plate E provided with holes into which are secured
any required number of tubes F which tubes terminate in a chamber G which
chamber G is further provided with an escape valve H opening inwards for the
purpose hereinafter described.
An aperture I in the hollow base D is provided for the inlet of steam and this
aperture I is continued by means of a smaller pipe or pipes J through one or
more of the tubes F into the chamber G. N is an outlet passage for condensed
steam and such outlet N is provided with an elongated box K of cast iron in
which is fitted a bar of brass L on the centre of which bar is a cone M designed
to come opposite to the passage N leading from the hollow base D.
The operation of this improved apparatus is as follows:-
The liquid to be heated is led into the vessel A through the back pressure
valve and inlet B and a steam pipe is connected to the steam inlet I in the
hollow base D from whence the steam enters the chamber G by means of the
small pipe or pipes J and descends by means of the tubes F to the hollow base D
in which the water of condensation accumulates and passes from the hollow
base D into the elongated box K from which it is discharged into the atmosphere.
Upon all the water becoming discharged the steam will follow and the heat from
the steam will cause the brass bar L to expand and take a curved form as shewn in
dotted lines by which means the cone M will be forced into the passage N leading
from the hollow base D and so prevent any waste of steam. Upon water again
accumulating in the hollow base D the brass bar L will contract by reason of such
water being colder than the steam from which it is condensed and so again allow
such water to pass into the atmosphere.
It will now be seen that the steam in its passage will have imparted its heat to
the liquid contained in the vessel A and the same may be drawn off at will by
means of the draw off cock C. As the liquid inlet is provided with a back
pressure valve O it will be obvious that such liquid' cannot be forced back into
the supply pipe but as liquid upon becoming hot expands considerably and if the
draw off cock C was closed would otherwise burst the vessel A the escape, valve H
is provided to allow of the expanded liquid being discharged into the steam
chamber G and so escape into the atmosphere and by this means much trouble
and annoyance is saved when using the apparatus, connected to water mains for
boiling water.
Although I have only described this apparatus as applicable to heating liquids

page_text: it will be apparent that it may be used for cooling liquids by forcing cold water
through instead of steam.
Having thus now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I wish it to be under-
stood that I do not confine myself to the exact details relative proportions or
dimensions of the various parts herein-before described and illustrated on the
accompanying drawing or to the number of tubes employed as the same may be
considerably varied without departing from the invention but what I claim is
Firstly. The combination and arrangement of the various parts herein-before
described and illustrated on the accompanying drawing.
Secondly. The combination of valve H and chamber G as and for the purpose
herein-before described and illustrated on the accompanying drawing.
Thirdly. The combination of hollow base D box K bar L and cone M as and
for the purpose herein-before described and illustrated on the accompanying
drawing.
G. H. RICHMOND.