Improvements relating to the Spindle Apparatus of Spinning and Twisting Frames.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
•
Improvements relating to the Spindle Apparatus of Spinning and
Twisting Frames.
I, CHARLES DE ROSSETTI, of 40, Boulevard de Cambrai, Roubaix, Department
of Nord, France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improvement in continuous spinning and twist-
ing frames.
It is well known that in this type of frames the thread coming from the feed
rolls passes before arriving at the spool or spindle on which it is wound, through
a loop or flyer moving upon a ring concentric with the spool; this flyer drawn
or dragged along by the thread turns around the spool whilst rotating on the
ring which serves it as a guide, but by reason of its inertia it always lags behind
with regard to the spool and in this manner the twisting and spooling of the
thread are performed the twisting by reason of the circular motion of the flyer
the spooling by reason of the retarding movement of this latter with regard to
that of the spool.
In arrangements of this kind, the drawing or dragging along of the flyer is
effected simply by the thread itself; this latter must therefore possess a certain
resistance so as to be able to perform this work without breaking; whatever be
the perfection attained in the construction of the apparatus, there is a limit to
the numbers or counts of the threads and to the speeds of the ring or loop which
cannot be exceeded without risk of breaking the thread.
My invention consists in operating the control of the flyer by means of the
spool which draws by friction a framework carrying this flyer; the adherence
necessary for producing this drawing or dragging action between the spool and
this framework, results from the centrifugal force developed by the continuous
rotatory movement imparted to this latter.
To this arrangement which constitutes the essential portion and which alone
ensures its proper working, adjoined an auxiliary clutch or gear arrangement
having for object the maintenance of the frame in contact with the spool at the
time of starting, so that the adherence determining the dragging or carrying
along may be formed and maintained until the frame has acquired a speed so
sufficiently great that the intensity of the centrifugal force will be sufficient to
give place to this adherence; at this moment, the auxiliary clutch arrangement,
having finished its work, ceases to act and frees the framework which is then

page_text: maintained in contact with the spool by centrifugal force alone; this throwing
out of gear of the auxiliary part or device can be effected in various ways, but
is preferably attained by means of centrifugal force itself which as soon as it
has reached a predetermined degree, dispenses with the action of this auxiliary
device.
The flyer, which of its previous form retains only the name, is composed of a
hook fixed to a ring in the shape of a pulley which by means of its channel rotates
on a crown or row of balls held within such channel and the corresponding groove
of another ring; the first mentioned and inner ring consequently rotates with as
reduced friction as possible.
To this ring are fixed pillars or brackets preferably two in number in which
can be moved the two parallel sides or branches of a frame whose other sides
are the one furnished with a roller, by means of which it comes into contact
with the body of the spindle or cop, the other furnished with an eyelet or loop
through which passes a rod fixed to the inner ring and which completes the
guiding of the framework.
This framework can be moved in such a manner that its side which is fitted
with the loop aforesaid moves more or less towards the centre of the inner ring
and that its mass is consequently arranged more or less eccentrically.
To the inner ring are affixed one or more weights or masses capable of being
changed according to the value of the inertia which this ring must possess and
that for the purpose of allowing the amount of the retardation to be varied
according to the thickness of the thread being worked.
Preferably, these weights will be placed on the ring at the part of the hook
on the side of the framework fitted with the said loop for the purpose of counter-
balancing the tendency to rise which the tensioned thread may occasionally impart
to the same.
The apparatus which has just been described is the dragging or drawing
system properly so called (système d'entrainement), which can only work, as we
have seen, when the centrifugal force has attained a degree suited to deter-
mine the adherence, it is therefore necessary that the system should be pre-
viously provided with or quickened up to a sufficient speed; for this purpose,
to allow, at the time of commencing work, the starting of the system, when
the centrifugal force has not yet been attained, I add to the said system the
following arrangement which is effective only at the commencement, and the
action of which automatically ceases under the influence of the centrifugal force.
This clutch arrangement presents considerable interest inasmuch as it avoids
breakage of the thread at the time of starting but although my invention only
affords perfect results when the arrangement in question is combined with the
dragging or drawing system, it must be understood that I may replace it by
any other equivalent means or even dispense with it without that modifying the
action and the principle of the dragging arrangement which works alone normally.
This clutch device is formed of two small arms pivoting on their vertical axes
and which are always both engaged in rings forming the ends of a small bar
or arm fixed perpendicularly to a rod which is guided frictionally in a pillar or
bracket also standing upon the inner ring; according to the position of this rod
in its bracket the arms make contact with the side of the frame fitted with the
roller supporting it thus against the spool, or are brought backwards, then
leaving the frame; the arrangement is so set that by the action of the centrifugal
force it tends to slide in its guide separating or distancing itself from the frame.
Instead of a single guide rod there might be several rods having a corre-
sponding number of guides.
The whole arrangement works in the following manner:-The thread coming
from the feed rolls passes through the loop fixed to the ring and is wound on
the spindle which is being driven in a constant and regular manner by means of
a pulley secured to its lower portion.
Before the apparatus is started the arms are pushed against the side of the

page_text: frame which is fitted with the roller in such a manner as to bring the framework
into contact with the body of the spool.
The apparatus being thus set in motion, the frame under the action of centrifugal
force tends to decentre itself from the side of its part which is of greater mass
with regard to the centre of rotation, that is to say, in such a manner that the
roller side of the frame supports itself by means of the said roller against the
body of the spool; presently this centrifugal force attains a degree sufficiently
great for the pressure between the roller and the spool to give place to an adher-
ence sufficient to determine the dragging, "entailing" or clutch action.
At this instant, the action of the small arms supporting the frame 'against the
spool is finished and the aforesaid set or system or rods of which the mass and
the friction in the guide pillar are suitably determined, being subject to the action
of centrifugal force, separates or moves out from the centre, sliding in its said
guide pillar or bracket and leave the frame free which latter remains applied
against the spool.
The framework, following the variations of diameter of the spool which result
from the movement of the device known as the copping-rail by means of which
the cops are formed, and also from the winding on or filling of the spool, tends
to separate it or bring it towards the centre or axis of rotation; the centrifugal
force which determines the pressure necessary for the adherence varies therefore
according to these displacements, increasing when the frame is decentred, dimin-
ishing when it moves in the opposite direction; but on the other hand, the
strength of the clutch or dragging action between the body of the cop and the
roller of the frame, also varies increasing in intensity as the diameter of the spool
increases and consequently when the pressure resulting from the centrifugal force
diminishes, and conversely. The result is a proper compensation between these
two factors in the clutch action of the frame; pressure resulting
from the centrifugal force, force of the clutch action resulting from the
spool's diameter, which compensation gives the frame, and consequently the fiyer,
a regulated speed according to the pace which the latter must assume at the
different stages of the formation of the cop, this speed being also variable with
the weight and position of the masses (or weights).
The thread which in these conditions is relieved of the clutch or drag work,
which in other systems it is necessary to furnish, can be of greater fineness than
that hitherto given and its breakage is avoided, which mishap is very frequent
when starting the spindle on old systems.
This system of dragging or clutching the flyer also allows the tension of the
thread to be regulated in a perfect manner, by regulating the retardation of the
flyer with regard to the spindle, by means of the adjunction of variable weights
to the movable portion of the apparatus.
I may modify and vary the shapes, dimensions and details of construction of
my system in various ways without departing from the spirit of my invention.
Dated thin 1at dose of Worsh 1000
Improvements relating to the Spindle Apparatus of Spinning and
Twisting Frames.
I, CHARLES DE ROSSETTI, of 40, Boulevard de Cambrai, Roubaix, Department
of Nord, France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention

page_text: and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to an improvement in continuous spinning and twist-
ing frames.
It is well known that in this type of frames the thread coming from the feed
rolls passes before arriving at the spool or spindle on which it is wound, through
a loop or flyer moving upon a ring concentric with the spool; this flyer drawn
or dragged along by the thread turns around the spool whilst rotating on the
ring which serves it as a guide, but by reason of its inertia it always lags behind
with regard to the spool and in this manner the twisting and spooling of the
thread are performed the twisting by reason of the circular motion of the flyer
the spooling by reason of the retarding movement of this latter with regard to
that of the spool.
In arrangements of this kind, the drawing or dragging along of the flyer is
effected simply by the thread itself; this latter must therefore possess a certain
resistance so as to be able to perform this work without breaking; whatever be
the perfection attained in the construction of the apparatus, there is a limit to
the numbers or counts of the threads and to the speeds of the ring or loop which
cannot be exceeded without risk of breaking the thread.
My invention consists in operating the control of the flyer by means of the
spool which draws by friction a framework carrying this flyer; the adherence
necessary for producing this drawing or dragging action between the spool and
this framework, results from the centrifugal force developed by the continuous
rotatory movement imparted to this latter.
To this arrangement which constitutes the essential portion and which alone
ensures its proper working, is adjoined an auxiliary clutch or gear arrangement
having for object the maintenance of the frame in contact with the spool at the
time of starting, so that the adherence determining the dragging or carrying
along may be formed and maintained until the frame has acquired a speed so
sufficiently great that the intensity of the centrifugal force will be sufficient to
give place to this adherence; at this moment, the auxiliary clutch arrangement,
having finished its work, ceases to act and frees the framework which is then
maintained in contact with the spool by centrifugal force alone; this throwing
out of gear of the auxiliary part or device can be effected in various ways, but
is preferably attained by means of centrifugal force itself which as soon as it
has reached a predetermined degree, dispenses with the action of this auxiliary
device.
So as to leave no doubt as to the nature of my invention, I have shown
on the annexed drawing a cop or spindle of a spinning frame, furnished with my
drawing or dragging arrangement of the flyer.
Figure 1 is a vertical section on the axis of the spindle.
Figure 2 is a plan view showing the framework in contact with the spool and
held applied against the latter by means of the auxiliary clutch device.
Figure 3 is a similar plan view, but the auxiliary clutch arrangement has
ceased to act on the framework.
Figure 4 is a section on line 4-4 of Figure 2.
Figure 5 is a section on line 5-5 of Figure 2.
Figure 5 shews, on an enlarged scale, a cross-section of the weight E.
The flyer, which of its previous form retains only the name, is composed of a
look integral with or fixed to a ring A in the shape of a pulley which by
means of its channel rotates on a crown or row a of balls held between such
channel and the corresponding groove of another ring A¹; the ring A conse-
quently rotates with as reduced friction as possible.
To this ring A are fixed opposite pairs of pillars or brackets a² a² in which can
be moved the two parallel sides of branches BB of a frame whose other sides
are the one B' furnished with a roller C, by means of which it comes into
contact with the body of the spindle or spool, the other B furnished with an

page_text: eyelet or loop 6 through which passes a rod D fixed to the ring A and which
completes the guiding of the framework.
This framework can be moved in such a manner that its sides B2 moves more
or less towards the centre of the ring A and that its mass is consequently
arranged more or less eccentrically.
To the ring A are affixed one or more weights or masses capable of being
changed according to the value of the inertia which this ring must possess, for
the purpose of allowing the amount of the retardation to be varied according
to the thickness of the thread being worked.
Preferably, these weights will be placed on the ring A at the part of the
hook a on the side B2 of the framework, for the purpose of counterbalancing the
tendency to rise which the tensioned thread may occasionally impart to the same.
Figure 5 shews a convenient method of securing the weight E to rod D by means
of a split cottar pin 6.
The apparatus which has just been described is the dragging or drawing
system properly so called (système d'entrainement), which can only work, as has
been shown above, when the centrifugal force has attained a degree suited to deter-
mine the adherence, it is therefore necessary that the system should be pre-
viously provided with or quickened up to a sufficient speed; for this purpose
so as to allow, at the time of commencing work, the starting of the system, when
the centrifugal force has not yet been attained, I add to the said system the
following arrangement which is effective only at the commencement, and the
action of which automatically ceases under the influence of the centrifugal force.
This clutch arrangement presents considerable interest inasmuch as it avoids
breakage of the thread at the time of starting but although my invention only
affords perfect results when the arrangement in question is combined with the
dragging or drawing system, it must be understood that I may replace it by
any other equivalent means or even dispense with it without that modifying the
action and the principle of the dragging arrangement which normally works alone.
This clutch device is formed of two small arms F F pivoting on their vertical
axes ff and both of which are always engaged in rings forming the ends of a
small bar or arm G fixed to a perpendicular rod g which is guided frictionally
in a pillar or bracket g¹; according to the position of the rod y in its brackets,
the arms FF make contact with the side B supporting it thus against the spool,
or are brought backwards, then leaving the frame; the arrangement is so set
that by the action of the centrifugal force it tends to slide in its guide, separat-
ing or distancing itself from the frame.
It will be remarked that there might be several rods g having a corresponding
number of guides.
The whole arrangement works in the following manner: -
The thread H coming from the feed rolls passes through the loop a fixed to
the ring A and is wound on spool I which is being driven in a constant and
regular manner by pulley i.
Before the apparatus is started, the parts FF are pushed against the side B'
in such a manner as to bring the framework into contact with the body of the
spool.
The apparatus being then set in motion, the frame under the action of centri-
fugal force tends to decentre itself from the side of its part which is of greater
mass with regard to the centre of rotation, that is to say, in such a manner that
the side B supports itself by means of the roller C against. the body of the
spool; presently this centrifugal force attains a degree sufficiently great for the
pressure between the roller C and the spool I to give place to an adherence suffi-
cient to determine the dragging, "entailing" or clutch action.
At this instant, the action of the small arms F supporting the frame I against
the spool is finished and the system of rods Gy of which the mass and the friction
in the pillar are suitably determined, being subject to the action of centrifugal

page_text: force; separates or moves out from the centre, sliding in its guide g¹ and leaves
the frame free which latter remains applied against the spool.
The framework, following the variations of diameter of the spool which results
from the movement of the device known as the copping-rail by means of which
the cops are formed, and also from the winding on or filling of the spool, tends
to separate it or bring it towards the centre or axis of rotation; the centrifugal
force which determines the pressure necessary for the adherence varies therefore
according to these displacements, increasing when the frame is decentred, dimin-
ishing when it moves in the opposite direction; but on the other hand, the
strength of the clutch or dragging action between the body of the cop and the
roller of the frame, also varies increasing in intensity as the diameter of the spool
increases and consequently when the pressure resulting from the centrifugal force
diminishes, and conversely. The result is a proper compensation between these
two factors in the clutch action of the frame; pressure resulting
from the centrifugal force, force of the clutch action resulting from the
spool's diameter, which compensation gives the frame and consequently the flyer,
a regulated speed according to the pace which the latter must assume at the
different stages of the formation of the cop, the speed being also variable with
the weight and position of the masses (or weights).
The thread which in these conditions is relieved of the clutch or drag work,
which in other systems it is necessary to furnish, can be of greater fineness than
that hitherto given and its breakage is avoided, which mishap is very frequent
when starting the spindle on old systems.
This system of dragging or clutching the flyer also allows the tension of the
thread to be regulated in a perfect manner, by regulating the retardation of the
flyer with regard to the spindle, by means of the location of variable weights
upon the movable portion of the apparatus. Instead of a single fixed weight E
as shewn on the drawings I may use one or more on the frame 12 upon each side
of the rod D, and they may be rendered adjustable in any convenient manner.
I may modify and vary the shapes, dimensions and details of construction of
my system in various ways without departing from the spirit of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1º. In continuous spinning and twisting frames, the means for operating the
flyer by frictional engagement with the spool, comprising a frame or equivalent
device which in its rotation draws the flyer along, the said flyer being applied
against the cop or spool by centrifugal force resulting from the rotation which
the spool communicates to it by adherence, substantially as above described.
20. In continuous spinning and twisting frames, an arrangement for drawing
or dragging the flyer along by friction with the spool, comprising a framework
mounted on a ring rotating upon balls, this framework moving in guides fixed
in the ring, one of its sides coming in contact with the spool through the inter-
mediary of a roller, the said frame being furnished with movable or variable
weights with a view to regulating its inertia so as to vary the retardation, as
above described and set forth with regard to the annexed drawings.
30. In combination with the arrangement of the framework drawn along by
the spool, the subject of Claims 1 and 2, a clutch device having for purpose to
maintain it in contact with the spool during the time necessary to the develop-
ment of the centrifugal force assuring a suitable adherence, the disengagement
of this device being able to be effected by centrifugal force as soon as it has
attained a degree sufficient to determine the drawing along of the framework,
substantially as above described.
4°. A method of carrying out the clutch arrangement which is the subject of
Claim 3, characterised by two arms pivoting on vertical axes and which can be
brought into contact with the framework and being connected to one or more

page_text: rods frictionally sliding in guides, this system being able to separate or distance
itself from the frame under the action of centrifugal force, as above described
with regard to the annexed drawing.
5°. A control mechanism for the flyer of continuous spinning and twisting
frames comprising the combination of the dragging or drawing system, which is
the subject of Claims 1 and 2, with the clutch or gear arrangement, forming the
subject of Claims 3 and 4, as set forth with regard to the annexed drawing.
Dated this 1st day of December 1899.
GEDGE & FEENY,
Chartered Patent Agents, 60, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.