AN IMPROVED FIREPROOF CEMENT, WHICH MAY BE EMPLOYED FOR COVERING WALLS, CEILINGS, AND FLOORS, AND IS ALSO APPLICABLE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FIRE-BRICKS, CRUCIBLES, RETORTS, MELTING POTS, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES WHERE FIRE- RESISTING PROPERTIES ARE REQUIRED
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Edwin Bibby, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Drysalter, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED
FIREPROOF CEMENT, WHICH MAY BE EMPLOYED FOR COVERING WALLS, CEILINGS,
AND FLOORS, AND IS ALSO APPLICABLE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FIRE-BRICKS,
CRUCIBLES, RETORTS, MELTING POTS, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES WHERE FIRE-
RESISTING PROPERTIES ARE REQUIRED."
Sealed the 26th January 1864, and dated the 1st August 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Edwin Bibby at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st August 1863.
J, RICHARD EDWIN BIBBY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Drysalter, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Ax
IMPROVED FIREPROOF CEMENT, WHICH MAY BE EMPLOYED FOR COVERING WALLS,
CEILINGS, AND FLOORS, AND IS ALSO APPLICABLE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FIRE-
BRICKS, CRUCIBLES, RETORTS, MELTING POTS, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES WHERE FIRE-
RESISTING PROPERTIES ARE REQUIRED," to be as follows:-
My Invention is designed to produce a cement, plaster, or composition
baving great fire-resisting properties, which is capable of application wherever
substances are to be protected from fire or heat, or for the manufacture of
receptacles wherein materials are required to be submitted to the influence of
fire or heat; that is to say, the composition may be employed to cover walls
ceilings, roofs, and floors of buildings, either as a plaster or stucco in a plaster

page_text: state, or made into bricks, quarries, or tiles, or for lining furnaces, kilns,
retorts, ovans, or for the manufacture of crucibles, steel and glass melting
pots, and other similar purposes.
The Invention consists in the employment and use of steatite (French
chalk), sulphate of lime, lapis ollaris, and silica, to which are added a solution
of sulphate of alumina, or alum, gum tragacanth, tunsgstate of soda, and glue.
These are to be mixed in various proportions according to the uses to which
the composition is to be applied.
The following are proportions which I have found suitable for fireproof
cement and for fire-bricks.
For fireproof cement.
45 parts
sulphate of lime.
15
lapis ollaris, or steatite.
"
25"
silex.
These are combined with silicic acid, solution of sulphate of alumina, or
lum and tungstate of soda.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Edwin Bibby in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 1st February 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
EDWIN BIBBY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Drysalter, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Richard Edwin Bibby, Her special license that I, the said Richard
Edwin Bibby, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Richard Edwin Bibby, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at

page_text: all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "AN IMPROVED FIREPROOF CEMENT, WHICH MAY BE EMPLOYED FOR COVERING
WALLS, CEILINGS, AND FLOORS, AND IS ALSO APPLICABLE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
FIRE-BRICKS, CRUCIBLES, RETORTS, MELTING POTS, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES WHERE
FIRE-RESISTING PROPERTIES ARE REQUIRED," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Richard Edwin Bibby, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Edwin Bibby, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement (that is to say) :-
My Invention is designed to produce a plaster, cement, or composition,
having great fire-resisting properties, which is capable of application wherever
substances are to be protected from fire or heat, or for the manufacture of
receptacles wherein materials aro required to be submitted to the influence
of fire or heat; that is to say, the composition may be employed to cover walls,
ceilings, roofs, and floors of buildings, either as a plaster or stucco in a plastic
state, or made into bricks, quarries, or tiles, or for lining furnaces, kilns,
retorts, ovens, or for the manufacture of crucibles, steel, and glass melting
pots, and other similar purposes.
The Invention consists in the employment and use of steatite (French
chalk), sulphate of lime, lapis ollaris, and silica, to which are added solutions
of sulphate of alumina, or alum, gum tragacanth, tunsgstate of soda, and glue.
These are to be mixed in various proportions according to the uses to which
the composition is to be applied.
The following are proportions which I have found suitable for fireproof
cement and for fire-bricks.
For fireproof cement.

page_text: following manuer:-The sulphate of lime I calcine, and when its water of
combination is driven off, I steep it in the solutions named and again calcine.
I next deprive the lapis ollaris and steatite of any iron they may contain by
ordinary means, and finally grind these substances with silica and pack for use.
When used the powder is to be mixed with water to form a paste and applied
like ordinary stucco. The above proportions I vary to suit the uses for which
the cement is intended; thus for floors where great hardness is required I
increase the proportions of silica, and use solution of alum or sulphate of
alumina only to form the stucco. And again, where the cement has to resist
moisture I use the lapis ollaris and steatite in their native state, and also
add preparations of iron in certain cases.
following manuer:-The sulphate of lime I calcine, and when its water of
combination is driven off, I steep it in the solutions named and again calcine.
I next deprive the lapis ollaris and steatite of any iron they may contain by
ordinary means, and finally grind these substances with silica and pack for use.
When used the powder is to be mixed with water to form a pasto and applied
like ordinary stucco. The above proportions I vary to suit the uses for which
the cement is intended; thus for floors where great hardness is required I
increase the proportions of silica, and use solution of alum or sulphate of
alumina only to form the stucco. And again, where the cement has to resist
moisture I use the lapis ollaris and steatite in their native state, and also
add preparations of iron in certain cases.
For fire-bricks.
Take of lapis ollaris
15 parts.
steatite
"
"
alumina
"
"
"
"
,, silex
25
"
40
"
20.
33
I render theso materials free from all combined iron by well known means,
and when ground together with sufficient water to bring them into a proper
state for moulding, the compound must be pressed into the desired form,
moulded and burnt. These proportions may also be varied according to the
description and amount of heat the bricks, crucibles, or melting pots have to
resist; thus for lining furnaces or other constructions or receptacles where
alkaline fluxes are used, the proportions of alumina and silica must be
increased, and in other cases for lining ordinary furnaces, the steatite and
lapis ollaris must preponderate.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Edwin Bibby, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
DICHARD TOWIN DIDDY
RICHARD EDWIN DIBBY. (LD.)