IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING ORNAMENTAL WALLS CEILINGS PAVEMENTS AND OTHER SURFACES
Year: 1884

page_text: I JOHN BAKER GAUSBY of Lower Temple Street Birmingham in the County
of Warwick Manufacturer and Merchant do hereby declare the nature of my
said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING ORNAMENTAL WALLS
CEILINGS PAVEMENTS AND OTHER SURFACES" to be as follows:-
"
My Invention has reference principally to the construction of ornamental walls
ceilings and pavements but is also applicable to the construction of ornamental
surfaces for other purposes.
My said Invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in
connecting together the pieces or plates of glass enamel or other ornamental
material of which the ornament is made and of the methods of attaching the said
connected ornamental pieces or plates to the wall ceiling pavement or other
surface.
In order to illustrate the nature of my Invention I will describe the construction
of a wall ornamented by a design composed of pieces or plates of different coloured
enamels the several pieces or plates of enamel having the shapes required by the
design to be executed. In order to connect the several pieces of enamel together I
take strips of brass or other hard and ductile metal or alloy having in cross section
the figure of the letter T. Or instead of strips of metal having in cross section
the figure of the letter T plain narrow strips with pins or projections at short
intervals on their under sides may be employed. The said strips are taken of
lengths suited to form a skeleton frame having the configuration of the different
junctions of the pieces of enamel. The said strips are soldered together in such a
way as to form a frame in which the several pieces of enamel can be inserted from
the back. The parts of the strips constituting the heads of the letter T are in
front that is bear upon the edges of the fronts or faces of the pieces of enamel.
The metal strips described have at their backs at short intervals pins studs or
other projections for the purpose of attaching the design to the wall.
These pins
or projections may either be inserted in the plaster or cement of the wall before it
has set.
Or the metal framing with the pieces of enamel inserted in it may have a
backing of cement so as to convert it into a solid slab which may be fixed to the
wall in the way in which other slabs are fixed to walls.

page_text: Or a back plate of wood or metal may be fixed to the wall by means of pins
studs or screws or otherwise and the design attached to the said back plate by the
pins projecting at the back of the metallic framing of the design. Or the metal
frame may be attached to the said back plate by means of screws.
The application of my Invention to ceilings pavements and other surfaces differs
in no essential respect from its application to walls as hereinbefore described.
Dated this 2nd day of January 1884.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant.
I JOHN BAKER GAUSBY of Lower Temple Street, Birmingham in the County
of Warwick, Manufacturer and Merchant do hereby declare the nature of my
Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING ORNAMENTAL WALLS, CEILINGS
PAVEMENTS AND OTHER SURFACES" and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My Invention has reference principally to the constructing of ornamental walls
ceilings and pavements, but is also applicable to the construction of ornamental
surfaces for other purposes.
My said Invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in
connecting together the pièces or plates of glass enamel or other ornamental
material of which the ornainent is made and of the methods of attaching the said
connected ornamental pieces or plates to the wall, ceiling pavement or other
surface.
In order to illustrate the nature of my Invention I will describe the construction
of a wall ornamented by a design composed of pieces or plates of different coloured
enamels, the several pieces or plates of enamel having the shapes required by the
design to be executed.
In order to connect the several pieces of enamel together I take strips of metal
preferably of copper or other hard and ductile metal or alloy having in cross section
the figure of the letter T. Or instead of strips of metal having in cross section the
figure of the letter T plain narrow strips with pins or projections at short intervals
on their undersides may be employed. The said strips are taken of lengths suited
to form a skeleton frame having the configuration of the different junctions of the
pieces of enamel. The said strips are soldered together in such a way as to form.
a frame in which the several pieces of enamel can be inserted from the back. The
parts of the strips constituting the heads of the letter T are in front, that is, bear
upon the edges of the fronts or faces of the pieces of enamel.
The metal strips described have at their backs, at short intervals, pins, studs or
other projections for the purpose of attaching the design to the wall.
These pins or projections may be inserted in the plaster or cement of the wall
before it has set.

page_text: Or the metal framing with the pieces of enamal inserted in it may have a
backing of cement so as to convert it into a solid slab which may be fixed to the
wall in the way in which other slabs are fixed to walls.
Or a back plate of wood or metal may be fixed to the wall by means of pins,
studs or screws or otherwise and the design attached to the said back plate by the
pins projecting at the back of the metallic framing of the design. Or the metal
frame may be attached to the said back plate by means of screws.
Figure 1 represents in front elevation and Figure 2 in horizontal section taken
on the line Figure 1 and partly in edge view, a wall ornament composed of a
metallic skeleton frame and of several pieces or plates of different coloured enamels
connected together according to my Invention and Figure 3 represents a vertical
section of one of the methods which I employ for securing the connected enamel
pieces or plates to a backing and to the wall: a a is the skeleton metallic frame
having the configuration of the different junctions of the pieces of enamel and b b
are the pieces of enamel held in the frame a. The said metal frame a is made of a
series of rolled or drawn strips soldered together, the said strips having in cross
section the figure of the letter T (see Figure 2) so that the pieces of enamel can be
inserted from the back of the frame. The parts of the frame a constituting the
heads of the T strips form the front of the frame and bear upon the edges of the
fronts of the pieces of enamel b as seen in Figure 2.
The connected frame a and pieces of enamel b, Figures 1 and 2, may have a
backing of cement so as to convert them into a solid slab and be fixed to the wall
in any convenient way.
Or the metal frame a with the pieces of enamel b inserted in it may be secured
to a backing of cement and the backing attached to the wall in the manner
represented in Figure 3, where a represents the sheet metal carrying frame and b
the pieces of enamel held in it; e, e are T shaped pins affixed by soldering or
otherwise to the back of the frame a which pins are embedded in the back c of
cement or other material,
In place of the T shaped pins e, wires & soldered or otherwise fastened to the
back of the frame a may be used for fastening the said frame in the backing or
cement c. The wires d are bent at right angles while the cement c is being laid
on as represented; or the said wires are carried through to the back of the cement
and then bent at right angles. One of the pins or wires passed through the cement
and before it is bent is shown at d²; f f are studs which are also embedded in the
ceinent, the projecting cross parts of the said studs of serving for connecting or
fixing the finished ornamental block or slab to the wall or other surface.
Or instead of making the metal frame a of T shaped pieces it may be made of
plain strips and fixed to the wall by pins, screws or projections on its underside.
Figure 4 represents in vertical section the arrangement of my Invention in
which the combined frame and pieces of enamel is secured to the wall by screws.
In the said Figure 4, a is the plain metal frame and bb are the enamel pieces
inserted in it. For the purpose of securing the connected parts to the wall I
attach to the wall a back plate or frame work g of metal which is secured to the
wall by screws i passed into plugs inserted in the said wall. To this metal
back plate or frame work g fixed to the wall, the metal frame a carrying the pieces
of enamel bis afterwards affixed by metal screws h passed through the carrying
frame a into the plate or framework g. A space is left between the adjacent edges
of the enamel pieces b to permit of the passage of the screws between them.
Instead of a metal back plate g a back plate of wood may be employed and
instead of separate screws h, pins or projections soldered on the underside of the
carrying plate a may be driven into the wooden backplate g. In Figure 1 these
pins or projections are indicated in dotted lines.
Figure 5 represents my arrangement applied to a domed ceiling, where the
woodwork of the domed ceiling is marked m into which the screws i (or pins) for
fixing the plate g are passed; a is the metal carrying frame; b the enamel pieces

page_text: and the screws for fixing the combined frame a and enamel pieces 6 to the back
plate g on the domed ceiling.
When the wall or surface has a wooden back the metal plate g Figure 5 and the
screws i may be dispensed with the screws in that case being of sufficient length
to take into the wooden back m.
Instead of using pieces or plates of different coloured enamels, pieces or plates of
glass metal or other material of which the ornament is to be made may be
employed.
I apply my Invention to pavements or other surfaces in the manner herein
before described and illustrated with respect to walls and ceilings excepting that
the pieces or plates of the material of which the pavement is made are mado
thinner at their edges than at the other parts so that the metal frame occupying
the said thin parts in the completed pavement may be flush with the pavement.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is-of 40
Improvements in Constructing Ornamental Walls, Ceilings
Pavements and other Surfaces" :-
First The method of connecting together the pieces or plates of glass, enamel
or other ornamental material of which the ornainent is to be made herein before
described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing; that is to say, by means
of a skeleton frame made either of T strips or plain strips of brass or other hard.
and ductile metal or alloy, the said frame having the configuration of the pieces of
glass or enamel or other material to be inserted in the frame from the back thereof
substantially as described and illustrated.
Secondly The several methods herein before described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawing of attaching the combined frame and pieces of glass enamel
or other material to a backing and the backing to the wall or other surface.
Dated this Fifteenth day of September 1884.