Improvements in Wrenches.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Oct., 1897-Accepted, 11th Dec., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wrenches.
We, HENRY ALEXANDER BURTON (Transfer Man) residing at 123 S. Pryor St.,
and LUCIUS VASTINE KENNERLY (R. R. Agent) residing at 123 Pryor Street,
hoth of Atalanta in the County of Fulton and State of Georgia, United States
of America, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement.
Our invention relates to wrenches, and has for its object the production of an
article of the above class that will be capable of being secured in any desired
position and so maintained therein as to be incapable of such a movement of
the jaws as will result in a stripping of the nut to which the wrench has been
applied. A further object is to provide a wrench that can be used upon the
ordinary angle nut or upon a cylindrical object as a pipe. A still further object
is to produce a tool that will be effective in operation, simple in construction
and while being inexpensive to manufacture will readily admit of construction
which will fully accomplish the object of the invention.
The invention consists of the novel features of construction hereinafter st
forth and described and more particularly pointed out in the claims hereto
appended.
Referring to the drawings:
Fig. 1, is a side view of our improved wrench; and,
Fig. 2, is a rear elevation thereof.
Like letters refer to like parts in both views.
In the accompanying drawings which form a part of this specification, a
denotes the shank of the wrench which has securely attached thereto the upper
jaw b, at one extremity, and a tack extractor d, at the other. This shank cou-
tinuous to the jaw, is provided with a plurality of small teeth, and said shank
is of such dimension throughout its entire length as to readily admit of the
removal and application of the lower sliding jaw f, The jaw b, has a concave
surface thereon provided with abrasions to facilitate the clutching of a circular
object as an iron pipe or circular nut.
The lower jawf, on each side thereof presents a surface which is respectively
a plane as in the ordinary wrench and convex surface f2, provided with similar
adrasions to those on the jaw b, with which it is adapted to co-operate when the
wrench has been trnsformed into a pipe wrench. The sleeve forming portion of
said jaw f, is provided with teeth so constructed as to engage with the teeth on
the shank a, in a manner hereinafter described.
The sliding jaw f, is provided with longitudinally extending lugs g, 2, between
which is fulcrumed the lever h, the upper surface of which is provided with a
double cam k, which is adapted to draw the jaw f, into operating contact with
the teeth on the shank and thus prevent a changing of the relative position of
the various parts of the wrench when in operation. The lower portion of the
lever h, is so constructed as to form a screw driver h².

page_text: The lower extremity of the shank «, is beveled, and slotted so as to form
integral therewith, a nail extractor d, which has a double capacity of the tool
above named and of a guide to facilitate the introduction and removal. of the
jaw f.
The operation of our improved wrench is as follows: When it is desired to
use the wrench in connection with an ordinary angle nut, the plane surface of the
lower jaw f, is placed uppermost and the wrench brought in such relation to
the nut as may be desired.
To secure the various parts immovable in this relation, it is necessary to exert
a downward pressure on the lever h, thus causing a frictional binding of one
side of the double cam k, on the rear of the shank a, and an operative contact
between the teeth on said shank and those on the interior of the cam forming
portion of said lower jaw.
If it desired to use the wrench as a pipe wrench it is necessary only to remove
the sliding jaw, and by bringing the convex surface f2, into such relation with
the concave surface of the lower jaw b, as will present co-operating clutch
abrasions, the beveled nail extractor forming end of said shank facilitating such
removal and said adjustment of parts.
The means for preserving the proper relative position of the various paris
employed in this instance are the same as those above described, the teeth a²,
engaging with the teeth on the interior of said jaw by reason of the frictional
binding between the other side of the double cam k, operated by the lever a, and
the rear portion of said shank. By the means above described, we fully attain
the objects of our invention. We have produced a wrench that can be readily
converted from a nut to a pipe wrench, and which while being simple in con-
struction is efficient in operation, and comparatively inexpensive to manufacture.
The facility with which this conversion can be accomplished adds materially to
the effectiveness of the implement, and the means employed to preserve the
relative position of the various parts while being simple and applied without
additional inconvenience is very efficient in operation.
It is to be observed that it is not our intention to limit our invention to the
precise construction herein shown and described, as it obvious that there may be
many variations in minor details of construction without departing from the
spirit and scope of our invention.
faving now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our suid
invention, and in what manner the same is to be employed, we declare that what
we claim is: --
1. In a wrench, a sliding jaw provided with a plane, and a surface adapted to
engage a circular object, a cooperating jaw adapted to cooperate with both
surfaces of said sliding jaw, whereby said sliding jaw may be removed and replaced,
substantially as shown and described.
2. In a wrench, a sliding jaw provided with a plane end; a surface adapted to
engage a circular object, a cooperating jaw adapted to cooperate with both
surfaces of said sliding jaw, and a shank having a beveled surface, substantially
as shown and described.
3. In a wrench, a sliding lower jaw having a plane surface, a surface adapted
to engage with circular objects a cooperating jaw, and a shank, and means
whereby said jaw may be brought into such contact with said shank as to
preserve the relative position of the various parts, substantially as shown and
described.
4. In a wrench, a sliding lower jaw having a plane surface, and a surface
adapted to engage with circular objects, a cooperative jaw, and a shank, a cam
provided between lugs formed on said sliding jaw, and a lever arm whereby said
cam is operated to bring the various parts into such binding relation as will
preserve the relative position of the same, substantially as shown and described.
5. In a wrench, a shank provided with abrasions, and a beveled slotted end,

page_text: and a rigid upper jaw, a sliding jaw adapted to cooperate with the abarded
portion of said shank, lugs thereon, a cam pivoted between said lugs and a lever
arm acting upon said cam, the lower extremity of said arm forming a screw
driver, the lower jaw being provided with a plane surface, and a surface adapted
to engage a circular object, and said upper jaw being provided with a surface
adapted to co-operate with both of said surfaces on said sliding jaw, substantially
as shown and described.
Dated this 18th day of October 1807
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40 Chancery Lane London W.C. Agents.