matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED TRAY OR RECEPTACLE ADAPTED FOR WASHHAND-STANDS, FOR HOLDING TOOTH BRUSHES, TOOTH POWDER AND NAIL BRUSHES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Eliza Jane Dagnall at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with her Petition, on the
14th August 1862.
I, ELIZA JANE DAGNALL, of Point Pleasant, Wandsworth, in the County
of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED TRAY OR RECEPTACLE ADAPTED FOR WASHHAND-STANDS, FOR HOLDING
TOOTH BRUSHES, TOOTH POWDER AND NAIL BRUSHES," to be as follows:-
This Invention is designed to prevent the unpleasant odour which tooth
brushes acquire when kept in a covered box or tray of the ordinary kind. I
propose of effect the object of this Invention by so making a tray or receptacle
as that the tooth brushes shall stand upright therein, somewhat similar to
an umbrella stand, and I also form a recess therein to contain tooth powder,
and adapt a cover thereto; the lower part may be used to hold a nail brush.
Trays or receptacles constructed on the above plan may be made very orna-
mental, of various devices in porcelain, glass, or other material, or a combination
of materials.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR EXHIBITING AND GIVING ROTATORY AND TRAVERSING MOTION TO PLACARDS, ADVERTISEMENTS, SCENES, AND OTHER OBJECTS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Willoughby at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th May
1862.
I, RICHARD WILLOUGHBY, of Mildmay Road, Islington, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR EXHIBITING AND GIVING ROTATORY AND TRAVERSING MOTION TO
PLACARDS, ADVERTISEMENTS, SCENES, AND OTHER OBJECTS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved system of apparatus for exhibiting
in public places and thoroughfares, within and upon the fronts of buildings,
and other suitable places, notices, advertisements, scenes, or other objects, in
a more efficient manner than is now performed. My improved apparatus
consists of three, four, or more cylinders, of any suitable length and diameter,
placed in a triangular, quadrangular, or other convenient position, and upon
metal axes. Over these cylinders I pass an endless band of cloth or other
material, on which I fix or place the object to be exhibited. I give motion
to one of the cylinders, either by hand or power, and thereby impart rotary
action to the rest of the cylinders. The endless band is guided by tapes and
rollers, of the number or size required by the length of the band, and the
space or opening for the exhibition of the advertisements or other objects. 1
also use, when required, vertical supports, made of metal or other material,
secured at intervals to the band, and to which I attach pullies; also a rail,
made of suitable material, along and upon which the endless band is caused
to traverse through one window or opening in the building, pass along the
front, and conduct it in at another window or opening.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MERCURIAL BAROMETERS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Hicks, at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th March
1862.
I, JAMES HICKS, of Hatton Garden, in the County of Middlesex, Meteoro-
logical Instrument Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MERCURIAL BAROMETERS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in terminating the barometer tube at top in a coil
instead of employing a straight tube as heretofore, and for some purposes in
forming the tube throughout in the shape of a spiral coil.
It is necessary that the length of straight tube together with a straight line
carried through the centre of the coil should make up a length of from 31 to
34 inches, and when the tube is in the form of a helical coil from the bulb
upwards, then a straight line from the bulb to the top of the coil must
measure from 31 to 34 inches. The object of my Invention is to obtain a
more extended scale than is procurable with a straight tube. I
propose that
the scale shall be spiral and that the coils or rings of the scale shall be placed
between the coils of the barometer tube, but I do not limit myself to so placing
the scale. The diameter of the coils may vary to any extent desired, and the
greater their diameter the more extended will be the scale.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED FOR WARMING RAILWAY CARRIAGES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Kyrke Penson, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th November 1862. A communication from abroad by Adrien
Delcambre, residing at Rue de Bourgoyne, Paris, in the Empire of
France.
I, RICHARD KYRKE PENSON, of Ferryside, Carmarthenshire, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED FOR
WARMING RAILWAY CARRIAGES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus used for
warming railway carriages. For these purposes a warmer is placed between
the seats, and in a position to come under the feet of the passengers. It is
preferred that this warmer should consist of a flat tubular chamber,, but the
section and form of the warmer may be varied. A portion of the funnel or
chimney of the locomotive engine is partitioned off, so as to produce a com-
partment open at the bottom to intercept part of the steam from the steam
cylinders. This compartment has a door or cover at the upper part, which
when open allows all the steam to rise up through the funnel.or: chimney into
the open air, without being conducted into the warming. apparatus fixed in
the passenger carriages. A steam pipe is connected to this compartment in
the chimney or funnel, by which the intercepted portion of the steam is
conducted to the warming apparatus in the passenger carriages. The warmers
contained in the different bodies. or compartments of a passenger carriage are

page_text: connected together by suitable steam pipes, so that steam having been
conducted into the warming apparatus in that one of the passenger carriages
of a train which is next the locomotive engine, circulates through the warming
apparatus of that carriage, and then by means of suitable couplings or con-
nections between the succeeding carriages, the steam is conducted from
carriage to carriage, and thence ultimately into the open air. At each end of
each passenger carriage is a flexible pipe, having a coiled wire to strengthen
and to maintain its figure. This tube and one end of the coiled wire are
fixed to a disc or plate, a short length of metal pipe, with a flange fixed thereto.
This pipe and plate are supported in position by a diagonal wire or other
suitable stay. The two ends of two coupling tubes are brought together when
two carriages are coupled together, and two pendent or lever clips draw and
hold the two ends together, so as to form a continuous passage for the steam
to pass from one carriage to the next.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas George Harold at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th October 1862.
I, THOMAS GEORGE HAROLD, of Brooklyn, in the County of Kings, and
State of New York, United States of America, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS," to be as follows:-
The shell containing my improvement when in the form of a padlock is
secured together by means of flanges formed on each of the side plates of
the said case, and the said flanges have screws cut thereon so that one will
screw into the other; the shackle passing through these flanges prevents the
lock from being taken apart when locked. To hold the shackle or bolt when
locked I employ circular tumblers with flanges turned up or formed around the
edges, and the said flanges should be provided with teeth or decoy notches on
the inner side, and a slot through each flange, so that a shackle or bolt pro-
vided with the proper projections will be retained by the flanged tumblers,
and the said projections taking into the decoy notches in the flanges of the
tumblers to prevent any person from finding out the position of the slots in
the flanges that pass the projections of the shackle or bolt in unlocking. These
flanged tumblers are placed one inside of the other, and are connected by solid
and pipe-shaped arbors to dials or pointers on the outside of the lock plates,
and by setting, these dials or pointers to the proper positions the slots in the
tumblers will all be in line, so that the shackle or bolt will pass out. The
change of combination is effected by placing the flanged tumblers in a different
position to the dials or pointers.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING ENGINES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Pipler Lees and John Beard
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 12th July 1862.
We, JOHN PIPLER LEES and JOHN BEARD, both of Ashton-under-Lyne, in the
County of Lancaster, Machine Makers, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING ENGINES," to be as
follows:-
Our Invention consists in an improved combination and arrangement of
parts for regulating the set of the top flats of carding engines. Each end of
cach top flat is supported on a pieco of metal or other suitable material which
is hinged to and capable of swivelling upon the rounded end of a screw, the
angle of the top flat, technically called the "set of the card," being adjusted by
means of two set screws passing through the swivel piece. The distance
between the cards on the top flat and the cards on the main cylinder is regu-
lated by the screw above referred to passing through the bend of the side
frame and a screw uut, and by a set screw entering into the end of the other
screw.
IMPROVEMENTS IN METEOROLOGICAL INSTRU- MENTS AND THERMOMETERS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Anthony Ronketti at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
March 1862.
I, JOSEPH ANTHONY RONKETTI, of 31, Northampton Road, Clerkenwell, in
the County of Middlesex, Meteorological Instrument Maker, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN METEOROLOGICAL INSTRU-
MENTS AND THERMOMETERS," to be as follows:-
My Invention of improvements in meteorological instruments and thermo-
meters relates to that class of instruments which are provided with graduated
scales, such as thermometers, barometers, hygrometers, and other instruments
for indicating changes in the temperature, pressure, and general state of the
atmosphere.
In thermometers and other instruments of that class, the graduated scales for
indicating the degree of temperature to which the mercury or other liquid in
the capillary tube has risen or fallen since the last observation is usually
engraved or marked on metal or boxwood, which when the scale has been
exposed to the atmosphere or to the action of hot water for some time, will
become discoloured and damaged, and the.degrees and figures almost illegible.
In order to obviate this inconvenience, the scale has sometimes been engraved.
on porcelain, and even on the capillary tube itself, but even in these cases
where the material on which the scale is engraved is indestructible by ordinary
atmospheric influences, it has been found that the composition with which the

page_text: degrees and figures are filled in becomes destroyed or so far damaged as to
render them to a great extent illegible.
The present Invention consists in placing the engraved and graduated
scales of thermometers, barometers, and other meteorological instruments in
either flat or round glass tubes, which may be sealed up at the ends so that
no water or air can get at them. The protected scales are adapted to the
mercurial or capillary tubes, by being secured alongside of them on flat
pieces of wood or metal in any convenient manner, and all the useful
part of the instrument being protected by a glass covering, it follows that
little or no damage can result to the scale from atmospheric influences.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING FOUNTAINS ADAPTED FOR GARDEN ENGINES, FIRE ENGINES, AND FOR RAISING AND FORCING WATER FROM MINES, WELLS, AND OTHER PLACES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Webster at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd April
1862.
I, CHARLES WEBSTER, of Park Steps, Ilkeston Road, Radford, in the
County of Nottingham, Locksmith, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING FOUNTAINS ADAPTED FOR GARDEN
ENGINES, FIRE ENGINES, AND FOR RAISING AND FORCING WATER FROM MINES,
WELLS, AND OTHER PLACES," to be as follows :-
This Invention consists in so constructing and arranging certain parts of
self-acting fountains, and of charging such parts with compressed air, as
to render the raising and forcing of the water from a reservoir contained
in said fountains self-acting and continuous according to the size of the
reservoir.
The following is an example of the mode of constructing self-acting foun-
tains according to this Invention:-I form a hollow case of any ornamental
device or pattern, and make an air-tight compartment therein, in which I
place loosely a reservoir for containing water. The upper part or end of said
hollow case I form dished, or as an open basin, and adapt a short tube to the
bottom thereof for filling the reservoir with water; said tube is fitted with a
cock extending to the outside of the aforesaid case for the purpose hereafter
stated. I also adapt another cock some distance below the first-mentioned
cock, said second-mentioned cock communicating with the compartment con-

page_text: taining the reservoir aforesaid, and through the basin aforesaid I pass and affix
thereto, air-tight, a tube of metal extending nearly to the bottom of the said
reservoir, and the upper end of said tube I fit with a cock and jet piece or
nozzle.
The operations of this improved fountain are as follows:-The uppermost
cock being opened, the basin is filled with water which runs into the reservoir;
this cock is then closed and the cock below opened, and the compartment
-containing the reservoir charged with compressed air; this cock is then
closed, and the cock near the jet or nozzle opened, the effect of which is, that
the compressed air acting on the water in the reservoir forces the water
through the nozzle, and continues to do so as long as there is any water in the
reservoir. In this manner I propose to construct garden engines and fire
engines, and raise and force water from mines, wells, and other places, the air
being compressed in accordance with the height to which the water is to be
raised and forced, or, if desirable, vessels of the above construction may be
placed at different heights. in "the shaft of the mine or in wells and other
places.
"
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GRINDING CORN, GRAIN, AND OTHER SUB- STANCES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Mays at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th April 1862.
I, WILLIAM MAYS, of Joseph Street, Back Road, Shadwell, in the County
of Middlesex, Miller, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GRINDING CORN, GRAIN, AND OTHER SUB-
STANCES," to be as follows:-
My Invention of improvements in machinery for grinding corn, grain, and
other substances relates principally to a novel arrangement of parts for con-
necting the driving gear with the runner or top stone of a mill, and consists
in the employment of a spring griping arrangement. The cross piece, instead
of fitting loosely between the cheeks, is made to bear against two moveable
blocks, which project through the cheeks and are forced up against the cross
pieces by means of strong springs. As a modification of this plan it will be
evident that the same object, viz., a spring griping arrangement, may be
effected by placing metallic or india-rubber spring blocks between the cross
piece and the inner sides of the cheeks, the object of the Invention being to
make the griping arrangement elastic.
In order to conduct air down the eye of the stone, inclined flanges or guides
are adapted to the eye block, so that as the runner rotates the air may be
guided downwards in an oblique direction to the grinding surfaces below.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN WASHING MACHINES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Harper Twelvetrees at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th December
1862.
I, HARPER TWELVETREES, of Bromley, in the County of Middlesex, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN WASHING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
My improvements in washing machines consist in the combination in a
washing machine of an endless web or belt, to which the clothes or other material
to be washed are attached with rollers having elastic pressing surfaces of india-
rubber or other material. The endless web is conducted over suitable rollers
to carry it down under the water or washing fluid, and upwards and between
the india-rubber rollers above the fluid. The belt is of a breadth and con-
ducted so as to traverse the area of the machine, the elastic rollers being
situated at one extremity while at the other extremity are another pair of
rollers, the lower one of which serves as a conducter of the web while the
upper one resting on it has knuckles or projections formed on it, and which by
its weight acts on the clothes in their passage between it and the conducting
roller. The heavy knuckle roller may be further pressed down by springs
taking effect on its axis. The clothes or other things to be washed may be
secured to the web while it is in the machine, or I sometimes make such
endless web to disconnect readily at one point so as to remove it with the
clothes. Another web being used and ready charged may be at once intro-
duced into the machine, and the time of the machine thereby economized.

page_text: The elastic rollers are pressed together by suitable screws bearing on the
axis of the upper one. The clothes being immersed in the detergent fluid
pass thence up and under the knuckle roller, and then between the elastic
squeezing rollers, and down into the fluid again, and so on, by which the
washing effect is much enhanced. The direction of motion of the clothes 5
may be reversed, motion is given to the web by a winch handle placed on the
axis of the lower elastic india-rubber roller.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE SHOES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Payne at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd July
1862.
I, GEORGE PAYNE, of Grantham, in the County of Lincoln, Shoeing Smith,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
HORSE SHOES," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction of the under or bearing
surface of horse shoes of all kinds, whereby a better foothold is afforded to the
horse, whilst the shoe is considerably lightened without decreasing its dura-
bility. According to this Invention it is proposed to form a number of
transverse grooves, channels, or indents across the metal of the shoe, so as to
leave alternate hollows and projections. The nail holes are made in the
thicker or projecting portions, and thus obtain a firm hold of the shoe.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MARINE SUBWAYS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Rees, at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th February
1862.
I, GEORGE REES, of Goswell Road, in the Parish of Clerkenwell, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF MARINE SUBWAYS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the use of a floating caisson or chamber, having
an opening above the surface of the water, within which chamber the con-
struction of the subway is carried on. The subway is formed of a tube, or
series of iron, tubes, flanged internally, cylindrical being preferred. On one
side of the chamber there is an opening corresponding to the size of the tube,
and sliding thereon in a water-tight manner. As the tube is lengthened the
chamber is pushed forward, and clay, stones, concrete, or other suitable sub-
stances being brought into the chamber through the tube, are clevated and
deposited on the outside thereof, so as to form a support and protection for
the subway as it is completed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FIREPROOF MATERIALS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henning Boetius at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th August
1862.
I, HENNING BOETIUS, of 9, Roehampton Street, Bessborough Gardens,
Pimlico, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIREPROOF MATERIALS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in the application of a fibrous material known as
asbestos in combination with fire-clay or plumbago, or both, for the manu-
facture of fireproof ware, such as crucibles for melting ore, steel, brass, or
other homogenous metals, pots for melting glass, or other fireproof ware.
In preparing the aforesaid mixture I cause the asbestos to soak in water so
as to form a pulp or semi-fluid paste, which I then mix in such a proportion
with the material or materials herein-before described by kneading it by hand
or machinery until the mixture acquires the consistency of soft clay, such as
generally used in the manufacture of crucibles or earthenware.
Sometimes I mix a certain quantity (in about equal proportions) of crushed
fire-bricks with the fire-clay or plumbago, or both, before mixing them with
the semi-fluid asbestos.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN PREVENTING THE INCRUSTATION OF STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Webster at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th Sep-
tember 1862.
I, JOHN WEBSTER, of 142, Woodbridge Road, Ipswich, in the County of
Suffolk, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PREVENTING THE INCRUSTATION OF STEAM BOILERS," to
follows:-
The nature of my Invention consists in placing in steam boilers a surface
of tow, hemp, jute, cotton waste, or other fibrous and absorbent substances,
wherein the carthy matter caused by evaporation is deposited. And for this
purpose I employ 2 lbs. of tow (by preference), extended in wire, gauze, or
other netting, to 8 tons of water, such tow to be removed when charged with
earthy matter, and a new surface substituted. Various materials of the
nature here described with mechanical arrangements, and the quantity of
fibrous and absorbent substance suitable to the water, size, shape, and use of
the boiler may be employed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MOWING AND REAPING
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Harkes at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th September
1862.
I, WILLIAM HARKES, of Lostock Gralam, in the County of Chester, Agri-
cultural Implement Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MOWING AND REAPING," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists, first, in placing the cutters in a line with the axis
of the driving wheel, instead of placing them either before or behind, as now
customary; this position allows the cutters to follow the inequalities in the
ground.
Secondly, in connecting the shafts for the horse and the seat of the driver to
a swivel frame connected to a centre stud in the main frame of the machine,
for enabling the machine to be worked alternately to and fro across the field.
Thirdly, in making the cutters with knife edges at each edge of the blade,
and in making the guides through which the cutters work to project on both
sides of the blade; also in making the outside guide piece to swivel on a
centre to provide for the alternate to-and-fro working of the machine.
Fourthly, in supporting the cutters in a frame, which frame is acted upon
when required by a treadle and lever from both ends of the machine, to

page_text: enable the driver to raise or lower the cutters at pleasure. When the machine
is used for reaping, the platform for the attendant who rakes up the corn is
also turned round with the shafts, and the seat for the driver when the
direction of motion is reversed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Wheeler at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th December
1862.
I, ROBERT WHEELER, of High Wycombe, in the County of Buckingham,
Brewer, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PLOUGHS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object "Improvements in Ploughs." In ploughs
as at present constructed it is usual to employ a coulter or knife to make a
vertical cut in the land, and then the share following makes a horizontal cut,
connecting the bottom of the vertical cut of the coulter with the work already
done, thus a slice is divided off which the mould board turns over. According
to my Invention, in place of a single coulter I employ two or more coulters,
producing as many separate slices, then the share follows, and the mould board
turns over all the slices at once, thus the land becomes more thoroughly
divided and the air is better able to penetrate it. I also, according to my
Invention, attach to a plough having a coulter ór coulters, share, and mould
board, a mole or subsoil tine for stirring the land below the sole of the plough
at the same time that ordinary surface ploughing is effected.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR THE PURPOSE OF VIEWING PHOTO- GRAPHS ON CARDS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Denis Ségoffin at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
February 1862.
I, CHARLES DENIS SÉGOFFIN, of 2, Rue Sainte Appoline, Paris, France,
and of 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, do hereby declare the nature of
my Invention of "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR THE PURPOSE OF VIEWING PHOTO-
GRAPHS ON CARDS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the construction of an apparatus of a rectangular
form, three sides of which are closed, the fourth being partly open for the
admission of light on to the card placed at the back, the smaller side opposite,
baving a magnifying glass which allows of a good view of all the details of
the photographic card.
For viewing proofs placed in albums I make the apparatus without a
back so that all that is required to be done is to place the apparatus over the
proofs to see them distinctly. The sides of these instruments are formed
with stiff or flexible materials, and of a bellows form, that is to say, with
parts folding on themselves. To these small apparatus I have given the name
of microphore.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CASES FOR PIPES, MOUTH-PIECES, CIGARS, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS ARTICLES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frank Jaques at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st December
1862.
I, FRANK JAQUES, of Nelson Terrace, Stoke Newington, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CASES FOR PIPES, MOUTH-PIECES, CIGARS, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS
ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
The cases which form the subject of the present Invention are made either
of wood, hard leather, papier maché, hard rubber compound, or other suitable
material, the cases being provided with an elastic or spring joint, which will
have the effect of closing the parts, and keeping them closed without other
appliances. This spring joint I prefer to make of vulcanized india-rubber,
and in carrying out the Invention the case should be made in two parts of
some hard substance which will be sufficiently rigid to prevent the article
contained therein from being broken. If these parts are made of hard rubber
compound, the soft or elastic rubber may be made to adhere thereto, so that
the two parts with the spring joint or hinge will form but one piece without
any fastening appliances for connecting the hinge to the side pieces. It will
of course be understood that the case may be externally ornamented in any
manner according to the taste of the manufacturer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND COMPOSITION OF SOAP, APPLICABLE ESPECIALLY FOR SHAVING
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Louis Wunder at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th January
1862.
I, LOUIS WUNDER, of Liegnitz, in the Kingdom of Prussia, Merchant, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE AND COMPOSITION OF SOAP, APPLICABLE ESPECIALLY FOR SHAVING," to
be as follows:-
My improved soap is especially intended for shaving, and will usually be
made in bars. It will be composed of equal parts of the best tallow and of the
finest cocoa nut oil, well boiled with water, to which will be added about two
pounds weight of salt and a quarter of a pound of burnt alum, "alumum ustum,"
for every two hundred pounds weight of the above fatty matters, to which, when
taken off clean from the deposit, will be added natron and kali, in the pro-
portion of about 90 lbs. of natron and 10 lbs. of kali to every 200 lbs. of the
fatty matters. To every one hundred pounds weight of the mass will be added
about two pounds weight of finest catechu and about five ounces of tincture of
arnica, and it will be perfumed by the addition of about one ounce of
cinnamon oil, two ounces of oil of lavender, and two ounces cumin oil, or
other perfumes.
AN IMPROVED MILITARY CLOAK
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Ramsay at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st July
862.
I, CHARLES RAMSAY, of New Bond Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Army Clothier, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED MILITARY CLOAK," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in making a cloak in the following manner, that is to
say, the body of the cloak is cut nearly circular, and has a hood affixed to the
neck part thereof; a loose cape is also intended to be connected, when desired,
to the neck part of the cloak by buttons and button holes; sleeves are also
sewn to the cloak to receive the arms of the wearer. A cloak thus made forms
an excellent close tent either for soldiers or civilians. The soldier has simply
to hang the cloak by the hood thereof on his musket or the point of the
bayonet when fixed therein; he then proceeds to pass pegs through holes
formed near the lower edge of the cloak, and fastcus said pegs into the
ground, taking care to spread out the lower edge of the cloak, and fasten it
in that position by the pegs aforesaid. There are buttons and button holes
at the edges of the cloak, by which the cloak may be made a close tent at
night.
THE PURPOSE OF PREVENTING THE DESECRATION OF THE DEAD, FOR SANITARY PURPOSES, AND PROVIDING A CHEAP AND INEXPENSIVE MODE OF INTER- MENT
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William White Warren at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
January 1862.
I, WILLIAM WHITE WARREN, Gentleman, of No. 82, Parrock Street, in the
Parish of Milton, Gravesend, Kent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "THE PURPOSE OF PREVENTING THE DESECRATION OF THE DEAD, FOR
SANITARY PURPOSES, AND PROVIDING A CHEAP AND INEXPENSIVE MODE OF INTER-
MENT," to be as follows:-
A new application of certain incorporated and adhesive substances, to be
used either with or without iron or tiles, for the purpose of covering coffins,
sarcophagii, or other modes of interment, by filling in wholly or partially
graves or vaults in which the bodies of deceased persons are entombed, by
means of a combination of certain materials in certain proportions, composed
of cement, lime, asphaltum, or any other setting or binding mineral cement,
in conjunction with ballast, gravel, burnt clay, or other silicious matter,
incorporated in such manner and proportions as not to destroy their adhesive
setting or binding properties, whereby the desecration of the dead is prevented,
sanitary safety is effected, and a cheap and inexpensive mode of interment is
provided for the poor.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR MACHINERY FOR MILKING Cows
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Fairless at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th December
1862.
I, JOHN FAIRLESS, of Forth Banks, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, in the County
of Northumberland, Machine Broker, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR MACHINERY FOR MILKING
Cows," to be as follows, that is to say :-
My apparatus consists of an elastic pipe connected with four branches which
fit on to the teats of the cow, the other extremity of the pipe or tube com-
municates with an air pump which is contained in the lid of an ordinary milk
can, the lid being formed hollow for containing the necessary valves.
air pump consists of a flat disc of vulcanized india-rubber or other suitable
material which is moved upwards and downwards by means of a rod passing
out through the top of the milk can and actuated by a handle.
This
The action is as follows:-The air being exhausted from the pipe or tube
by means of the air pump, the milk runs into the lid of the can, and by means of
a valve opening outwards passes into the interior of the can. When no more
milk can be got, the extra pressure of the air causes it to pass between the
cones which fit on the teats of the cow, so that they can be easily detached.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY SLEEPERS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Bower at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th September
1862.
I, JOHN BOWER, of Carlow, in the County of Carlow, Civil Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY
SLEEPERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain new forms and descriptions of cross sleepers
for use on railways and tramways, which I propose to make of wrought or
cast iron or other suitable metal, of any convenient length for such purpose,
and to be in cross section (trough-like), and of a rectangular, triangular,
curved, or angled V form, or of a section compounded of two or more of these
forms; these sleepers are further provided with flat flanges or bearing surfaces
projecting at the top edges, and drilled or bored for rivets or screw bolts, by
means of which, passing through these holes and through corresponding holes
in the rail flange, the sleeper and rail are securely fixed to each other. In the
case of the "double-headed rail" the flanges of the sleeper are fixed by like
means to chairs carrying the rails and bearing on both flanges of the sleepers.
The convex or lower external part of the sleeper is intended to rest on the
ballast in the usual way. The upper surface of the sleeper or its flanges may
be recessed or grooved for the reception of the rail or chair carrying the rail,
to secure the guage of the line, or the sleeper may be manufactured and used

page_text: without such recesses. The fastening of the flange of the rail or of the chair
to the sleeper may be accomplished by securing slips of metal to the sleeper,
and overlapping the flange of the rail or of the chair, which arrangement may
be in substitution for the notches, grooves, or recesses in the flanges of the
sleeper, or used together with them.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FINISHING TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Henry Julius William
Maximilian Liebmann at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with his Petition, on the 16th August 1862.
I, CHARLES HENRY JULIUS WILLIAM MAXIMILIAN LIEBMANN, of Huddersfield,
in the County of York, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FINISHING TEXTILE FABRICS,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates chiefly to machinery employed in producing what is
technically known as the "whirlpool finish" upon textile fabrics, and for
which Letters Patent were obtained by Isaac Beardsall, dated December 12th,
1855, No. 2807, also for similar machinery by Charles Weiss and Henry
Lister, dated March 20th 1857, No. 781, the action or operation of which
machinery upon the fabrics is intermittent, or by intervals of time for action
and for moving the fabric forward in the machine, and these changes have to
be effected by hand. Now my improvements consist in combining, arranging,
and applying apparatus or parts to effect these changes by mechanical means
at suitable intervals; for which purpose worms are fixed on the upright
shafts, which operate the table, gearing with wheels in which are stud pins,
to which are attached rods connecting to the table, so that at each revolution
of the wheels the table will be lifted and lowered. Another stud in one of
the worm wheels operates a lever to put in or out of motion the rollers which
carry the fabric through the machine, so that when the table is raised motion
will be given to the fabric, but when the table is lowered the fabric will be

page_text: Also a catch and notch-plate is applied and geared in such manner
that one revolution thereof will cause the fabric to move forward the width of
the table or the proper distance required. These improvements are also
applicable to machinery employed in the finishing of "Witney cloths" and in
machinery for "napping" and "frizzing" textile fabrics.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MATTRESSES, SQUABS, PILLOWS, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES OF FURNITURE
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Harris at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st February
1862.
I, JOHN HARRIS, of Store Street, Tottenham Court Road, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MATTRESSES, SQUABS, PILLOWS, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES OF FURNITURE," to
be as follows:
This Invention has for its object improvements in mattresses, squabs, pillows,
and other like articles of furniture. For these purposes, in constructing or
making a mattress or like article of furniture, two comparatively thin sections
of a mattress or other like article in separate cases are to be stuffed with hair,
wool, or other suitable material. Between these two stuffed cases feathers are
placed, either in a separate case, or simply between the two thin sections above
mentioned, which are to be sewed together at their edges so as to produce a
case to enclose the feathers, whether with or without a separate case. It is
preferred that a border should be applied all round the mattress or like article
thus made, although such border is not essential. The two sections of the -
mattress or other article of furniture are to be separately tied.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Marc Antoine François Mennons
at the Office of the Commssioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th November 1862.-A communication from Eugène Marie Mathieu
Plessy, residing at No. 19, Rue Guénégaud, Paris, in France.
I, MARC ANTOINE FRANÇOIS MENNONS, of Paris, in the Empire of France,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF PAPER," to be as follows:-
These improvements consist, firstly, in the addition to paper pulps of
albumen, gluten, serum, or other analogous substances coagulable by heat.
Secondly, in the application to the surface of the manufactured paper of
one of these substances, either alone or in combination with coloured or
colourless powders of different descriptions.
The object of these processes is to produce a glazed paper or cardboard for
general printing and photographic purposes, applicable in certain cases as
paper hangings, which being thus coated with a transparent and insoluble
matter, may be readily washed or otherwise cleaned at will. The albuminous
matter is incorporated with the pulp by any convenient means, the
remaining processes of manufacture being carried out in the usual way.
The coating of the manufactured paper may be effected either by immersion
in a bath of the albuminous matter, or by simple brushing of the latter over
the surface. The paper thus treated is then dried and glazed in the ordinary
manner.

page_text: In the manufacture of paper hangings the albuminous matter may be
applied either by immersion, as above, or by means of rollers operated by
suitable machinery, the coagulation being afterwards effected by steam,
alcohol, or other appropriate re-agents.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING COTTON OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS TO BE SPUN
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jacob Taylor at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th April
1862.
I, JACOB TAYLOR, of Lyon Mill, Oldham, in the County of Lancaster,
Cotton Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING COTTON OR OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIALS TO BE SPUN," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to improvements in the carding engine, and consists
of employing a circular stripper, consisting of a roller with a number of knives
or combs working in slots or grooves. The knives or combs being acted upon
by eccentrics, cams, tappets, or other suitable means with a revolving motion,
so as to cause the said knives or combs to project one after the other beyond
the periphery of the roller, in order to strip the doffing cylinder, and then
return into their slots or grooves.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ORNAMENTATION OF TISSUES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Agathe Désirée Duparet at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with her Petition, on the 26th
February 1862.
I, AGATHE DESIRÉE DUPARET, of Paris, France, Spinster, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ORNAMENTATION OF
TISSUES," to be as follows:-
These improvements consist in ornamenting crape, muslin, gauze, or other
similar transparent or light tissues, such for instance as cashmere, by painting
on such tissues, previously stretched on a proper frame, flowers, foliage, or
other similar ornaments by means of painters' pencils and water colours mixed
at the moment the same are to be employed with gelatine dissolved in a
suitable quantity of water by means of a water bath. The tissues ornamented
by this method retain their original brilliancy, transparency, and suppleness,
whilst the flowers, foliage, or other similar ornaments painted thereon as
on ordinary painters' canvass may be obtained with proper degradations of the
shades.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CRANKS AND CRANK AXLES FOR LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER ENGINES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Fawcett at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th March
1862.
I, JOHN FAWCETT, of New Swindon, in the County of Wilts, Smith, do
hereby declare the nature and object of my said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CRANKS AND CRANK AXLES FOR LOCOMOTIVE
AND OTHER ENGINES," to consist in making such cranks hollow instead of solid,
as heretofore. The mode of making cranks for locomotive and other engines,
according to my said Invention, is by taking a number of bars of fibrous iron
and welding the same together in the form of a tube, and afterwards bending
them to the required form for a crank, which crank I prefer to make hollow
from end to end; the same may, however, be made solid at each end of the
crank shaft, and hollow in the cranked parts. I also propose to make such
cranks by casting in steel or other metal, in which case I prefer to introduce
a core, so that the cranks may be hollow when cast.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE-GRATES FOR. STEAM AND OTHER BOILERS, AND SUITABLE TO ALL KINDS OF FIRES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Armand Gilbee at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
February 1862. A communication from abroad by De Vos Verraert,
of Brussels, in the Kingdom of Belgium.
J, WILLIAM ARMAND GILBEE, of No. 4, South Street, Finsbury, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE-GRATES FOR.
STEAM AND OTHER BOILERS, AND SUITABLE TO ALL KINDS OF FIRES," to be as.
follows, that is to say :-
The object of the Invention is to obtain a circulation of air over the entire
surface of the grate, whereby more heat is generated and the bars of the
grate are prevented from becoming burnt or overheated, and consists in
constructing furnace and other grates with fire-bars having conical, tubular,
or other shaped recesses or grooves formed in them and arranged in a line-
with each other in the length and breadth of the furnace and permitting
the circulation of air received from without by suitable openings in the
front and around the grate. The space between the bars, which varies.
according to the position of the recessed or grooved bars, are covered with
fuel around which a free circulation of air takes place. The bars are placed:
parallel to the door of the furnace, which may be of any required length or
width. The grate is formed by placing a number of the said fire-bars side.

page_text: by side and parallel to each other. The recesses of the bars begin at the
entrance of the furnace, the framework and plate of which are perforated
with holes corresponding and in a direct line with the recesses in the fire-
bars for the admission of the air into the furnace.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN COVERING CRINOLINE STEELS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Rushton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th July
1862.
I, HENRY RUSHTON, of 48, Northampton Road, Clerkenwell, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN COVERING CRINOLINE STEELS," to be as follows:-
These improvements consist in applying a coating of japan varnish, or other
similar and suitable varnish upon steel for crinolines, so as to prevent corrosion
or rust, and over the steel thus prepared I plait or weave cotton, silk, or other
fibrous material, so as to make an openwork pattern that the varnish may be
partially uncovered; but if preferred, the varnish may be entirely hidden from
view by plaiting or weaving a close covering. When an openwork pattern is
made by the plaiting or weaving, the steels are coated with varnish of a
bright color.