Improvements in and in connection with Hot Water Apparatus for Houses.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Mar., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 13th Dec., 1895-Accepted, 18th Jan., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and in connection with Hot Water Apparatus for
Houses.
I SAMUEL NAYLOR of 12 Dewsbury Terrace, Dewsbury Road Leeds in the
County of York, Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
My invention consists in a new or improve apparatus or system of apparatus
for heating water and supplying the same to different apartments in a house.
In my invention I locate the hot water cistern above the highest position at
which I propose to deliver the hot water for use, instead of as is usual placing the
same in the kitchen near to the fireplace. The cistern is preferably open at the
top and provided with a loose lid. It may however be permanently closed and
provided with a safety valve.
The cold water inlet from the street is most
conveniently led to the top of the cylinder, and provided with a discharge pipe
reaching nearly to the bottom of the cylinder, so as to feed the cistern from below
upward. The inlet of the water is regulated by means of a floating ball tap at the
upper part of the cistern. The inlet pipe may be if desired led to the bottom of
the cistern, in which case special connections must be made for operating the inlet
tap by means of a float at the top of the cistern. The cold water pipe leails from
near the bottom of the cistern to the (kitchen) boiler, and the return hot water
pipe from the boiler enters the cistern a little above the cold water pipe to the
boiler.
The supply pipe for the kitchen and other rooms in the house is taken from the
upper and not the lower part of the cistern.
The bottom of the cistern is dished outwards; and in the centre I fix a
drain tap or cock and discharge pipe. This is for the purpose of collecting
any sediment which may be deposited and discharging it away from the supply.
The advantages of my improved system are, that as the supply pipe is taken
from the upper part of the cistern, the cistern and consequently the boiler cannot
he drained from the supply pipes, if the feed supply is cut off from the street mains
by frost or other causes. Further the hot water cistern being placed in the
highest position, and the inlet and boiler pipes being placed at the bottom part
of the cistern, the whole of the water in the cistern is heated, and if the inlet to
the cistern is frozen, both the descending pipe and ascending pipes are filled with
warm water, which cannot freeze until the water in the boiler has cooled down,
which would only occur in the case of excessive long frost, or the kitchen fire
being out of use for some days.
Moreover the apparatus is simpler requiring fewer parts, the cold water cistern
Leing dispensed with. The hot water cistern is always open and accessible for
inspection or cleaning out, and will serve also to some extent as a heater, whilst
being open at the top there is absolutely no risk of explosion of the hot water
cistern.
Dated this 21st day of March 1895.
,"
J. CLARK JEFFERSON,
2 East Parade, Leeds, Agent for Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and in connection with Hot Water Apparatus for
Houses.
I SAMUEL NAYLOR of 12 Dewsbury Terrace, Dewsbury Road, Leeds in the
County of York, Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention consists in a new or improved apparatus or system of apparatus
for heating water and supplying the same to different apartments in a house.
In my invention I locate the hot water cistern above the highest position at
which I propose to deliver the hot water for use, instead of as is usual placing the
same in the kitchen near to the fireplace. The cistern is preferably open at the
top, and provided with a loose lid. It may however be permanently closed, and
provided with a safety valve. The cold water inlet from the street is most
conveniently led to the top of the cylinder, and provided with a discharge pipe
reaching nearly to the bottom of the cylinder, so as to feed the cistern from below
upward. The inlet of the water is regulated by means of a floating ball tap at
the upper part of the cistern. The inlet pipe may be if desired led to the bottom
of the cistern; in which case special connections must be made for operating the
inlet tap by means of a float at the top of the cistern. The cold water pipe leads
from near the bottom of the cistern to the (kitchen) boiler, and the return hot
water pipe from the boiler enters the cistern a little above the cold water pipe to
the boiler.
The supply pipe for the kitchen and other rooms in the house, is taken from the
upper part, and not the lower part of the cistern.
The bottom of the cistern is dished hemispherically, or formed conical, or of
other convergeut shape where the cistern is rectangular; and in the centre I fix
a drain tap or cock, and discharge pipe. This is for the purpose of collecting any
sediment which may be deposited, and discharging it away from the supply prior
to entering the boiler.
The advantages of my improved system are, that as the supply pipe is taken
from the upper part of the cistern, the cistern and consequently the boiler cannot
be drained from the supply pipes, if the feed supply is cut off from the street
mains by frost or other causes. Further the hot water cistern being placed in the
highest position, and the inlet and boiler pipes being placed at the bottom part of
the cistern, the whole of the water in the cistern is heated; and if the inlet to the
cistern is frozen, both the descending pipe and ascending pipes are filled with warm
water, which cannot freeze until the water in the boiler has cooled down; which
would only occur in the case of excessive long frost, or the kitchen fire being out
of use for some days.
Morcover the apparatus is simpler, requiring fewer parts, the cold water cistern
being dispensed with. The hot water cistern is always open and accessible for
inspection or cleaning out, and will serve also to some extent as a heater; whilst
being open at the top there is absolutely no risk of explosion of the hot water
cistern.
And in order that my invention and the mauner in which the same is to be
performed may be more readily and clearly understood, I have annexed hereto the
accompanying drawing, diagrammatically illustrating my invention.
a represents the hot water cistern, placed in the top room or attic of the house,
and to which the cold water service pipe 6 from the mains is led; which terminates
in a vertical bend c, the lower open end of which is near the bottom of the cistern.
The inlet of the cold water is regulated by any ordinary float arrangement d.

page_text: e indicates the water pipe leading down into the kitchen boiler m, and ƒ the
return hot water pipe from the kitchen boiler.
9 indicates the hot water service or supply pipe for the kitchen and other rooms
in the house; the top end of the pipe passing into the cistern a only slightly below
the level at which the water stands in the cistern.
h indicates the bottom of the cistern; which is dished hemispherically so as to
collect the sediment; and n indicates the discharge pipe, fitted with a cock by
means of which the sediment may from time to time be discharged from the
cistern.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An apparatus or system of supplying hot water to houses comprising a single
cistern, placed above the highest point of delivery, having the cold water inlet pipe
terminating near the bottom of the cistern, and the hot and cold water pipes from
and to the kitchen boiler entering the cistern at the lower end, the former slightly
above the latter, and the hot water service or supply pipe taken from near the top
of the cistern.
2. A hot water cistern for bot water service or supply in houses characterized
by having the cold water inlet pipe terminating near the bottom, and the hot water
service or supply pipe taken from the top part of the cistern, and provided with a.
hemispherical or cone shaped or convergent bottom, to the lower part of which a
sediment discharge pipe or cock is attached.
3. In hot water supply apparatus for houses, the use of a single cistern open at
the top and having the hot water service or supply pipe taken from a point
slightly below the level of the water in the cistern for the purpose of preventing
the cistern being drained when the cold water inlet is stopped by frost or from
other causes.
4. Hot water cisterns for hot water service for houses, having a concave, dished,
or other convergent shaped bottom with a discharge pipe and cock connected to the
lowest part of the same for the purpose of collecting the sediment prior to the
water entering the circulating pipes and discharging the same from time to time.
5. In hot water supply apparatus for houses, the use of a single cistern having
the inlet pipe terminating near the bottom of the cistern in order to prevent the
cooling of the hot water in the upper part of the cistern from which the water is
drawn.
Dated this 12th day of December 1895.
J. CLARK JEFFERSON,
30 Park Row, Leeds, Agent for Applicant.