IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND MAKE OF DRIVING REINS, HARNESS BRIDLES AND REINS, AND IN BRIDLES AND REINS FOR RIDING
Year: 1842

page_text: READ, PUTLAND, AND WOODS' SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOIN
READ, of Regent Street, in the County of Middlesex, Machinist, HENRY
PUTLAND, of Hurst Green, in the County of Sussex, Farmer, and CHARLES
WOODS, of Fore Street, Cripplegate, in the County of Middlesex, Commercial
Traveller, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Sixth day of April, in the fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself,
Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said John Read,
Henry Putland, and Charles Woods, Her especial licence, full power, sole
privilege and authority, that we, the said John Read, Henry Putland, and
Charles Woods, our exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as we, the
said John Read, Henry Putland, and Charles Woods, our cxors, admiors, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, our Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
AND MAKE OF DRIVING REINS, HARNESS BRIDLES AND REINS, AND IN BRIDLES AND
REINS FOR RIDING;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that
we, the said John Read, Henry Putland, and Charles Woods, or one of us,
shall cause a particular description of the nature of our said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said

page_text: Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at largo
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in complianco with the said proviso, we, the said
John Read, Henry Putland, and Charles Woods, do hereby declare that
the nature of our Invention, and the manner in which the samo is to be
performed, are fully described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment thereof, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to
the figures and letters marked thereon (that is to say): —
Our Invention relates to a mode of constructing or making reins and bridles
in such manner that a rein or bridle is made capable of acting on two powers
of leverage of the same bit, or on two bits used at the samo time, whereby a
horso will under ordinary circumstances be governed and restrained by a lesser
power of a bit, but when that is not suflicient to controul and govern a horse, the
strain of the bridle or rein will be brought to act on a more powerful loverage
of the bit or bits used, and thus by the employment of one rein or bridle in
the band, a person driving or riding will have equal power over a horse to
what has heretofore been obtained by using two reins or bridles in connection
with two different powers of leverage in the same bit or with two different bits;
and in carrying out our Invention, each end of a rein or bridle is constructed
and made with two means of attachment to a bit or bits, one attachment being
made to a more powerful part of the bit, and the other means of attachment
being caused to act on a lesser power of leverage of the bit through an elastic
medium, which, however, is of sufficient strength for the ordinary purposes of
riding or driving, such elastic medium giving way when a more powerful action
of the bit or bits employed is necessary to restrain or govern a horse, and thus
allowing the more powerful action of loverage of the bit or bits to be brought
into usc.
In order that our Invention may be most fully understood and readily
enrried into effect, we will proceed to describe the Drawing hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure represents a sketch of a horse's head having a driving rein applied
thereto, constructed according to our Invention; Figure 2 shows another
sketch of a horse's head having a bridle or rein for riding applied thereto, con-
structed according to our Invention. We have not thought it necessary to
show reins and harness bridles for driving horses in double harness, and for
riding post, they being similar, so far as our improvements are concerned, to

page_text: b
what are shown in Figures 1 and 2, and the description hereafter given will
be sufficient to enable a workman to make such descriptions of driving reins,
and harness bridles and reins, and bridles and reins for riding. a, a, Figure 1,
represents a rein for driving, and the same letters in Figure 2 also represents
a bridle or rein which is held by the person riding, and it will be seen that
from the point a', the rein and also the bridle held by the hand is single, and
is of the ordinary construction, but at the point a' it branches into two parts
b and c, the part 6 being attached at a more powerful part of the leverage of
the bit or bits than the part c, and the part 6 hangs slack and out of use under
ordinary circumstances, and the horse will be controlled and governed by the
rein or bridle acting on the lesser power of leverage of the bit or bits, and
when from any circumstances a greator power of action on the bit or bits is
required to govern or controul a horse, then, owing to the attachment of the
part c of a rein or bridle being through an elastic or yielding medium, the
part c elongates and allows of the part 6 of a rein or bridle being brought into
action, and thus obtain a more powerful use of the bit by simply pulling on
the same rein or bridle a. Figure 3 shews a plan or external view of the
part c of a rein or bridle, full size; Figure 4 is a section of the same parts;
and Figure 5 is another section, the spring used as the elastic medium being
drawn out of the cover, in order to shew the means of removing it to be
cleansed. d is a spring coiled round the part
metal stop at e, rivetted or otherwise, fastened to the end of the part c of a
rein or bridle, and that end of the spring rests against that stop; c¹ is a case
for the spring, having a metal ferule or stop fixed at one end, as is shewn at c².
The case c' is attached by means of a strap and buckle to the lesser leverage
of the bit as is shewn, and it will be readily understood that on pulling the
rein or bridle a, unless the strain required be considerable, the power will only
act on the bit at the lesser leverage, but when circumstances require a more
powerful action of the bit or bits in order to restrain or govern a horse, then
the elastic resistance of the spring will be overcome, and the part 6 of the
rein or bridle at each end will be brought into action, and when the greater
force of action of the bit is no longer necessary, then by slackening the hold
of the rein or bridle, the springs will expand and the horse will be governed
by the lesser power of the bit. It will thus be obvious that by a single rein
or bridle in the hand, a person driving or riding will have all the power of two
reins or bridles now resorted to, and there will be the further advantage that
the two powers of a bit or bits acted on by the same rein or bridle, will be
more readily and immediately brought into action than when two reins or
two bridles are used. When using two bits, then the part 6 at each end of a
of a rein or bridle, having a

page_text: bridle or rein is to be attached to the bit having a curb, and the part c at each
end of a bridle or rein is to be attached to the bit without a curb.
We would remark, that although we have thus been particular in describing
and shewing all the details of the means we prefer for carrying out our Inven-
tion, we do not confine ourselves thereto, provided the peculiar mode of action
of the parts be retained, whereby the parts c of reins or bridles are caused to
act through an elastic medium on the lesser power of the bits used, thereby
allowing such parts c to yield when necessary to bring the parts 6 of the reins
or bridles into use by the same hand part for acting on greater powers of the
bit or bits employed, as above described. And we wish it to be understood
that what we claim is, the mode of constructing or making driving reins, har-
ness bridles and reins, and bridles and reins for riding, by forming thereon two
means of attachment at each end thereof, the one to be attached to a more
powerful part of the leverage, and the other to a less power of leverage of
a bit, or to separate bits, the attachment to the lesser power of a bit being
through an elastic medium, in order that the same may yield, to allow of a
greater power of action of bit being brought into use, as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Woods, have hereunto set my
band and seal, this Thirtieth day of September, in the year of our Lord
Que thousand eight hundred and forty-two.
CHARLES (L.B.) WOODS.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Thirtieth day of September, in
the year of our Lord 1842, the aforesaid Charles Woods caine before our said
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specilied, in form abovo
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Sixth day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and forty-two.
SHOLT