Improvements in Brushes.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd May, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 13th Jan., 1890-Accepted, 15th Feb., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Brushes.
I, RIOHARD SCHULZ, of 61 Sebastian Strasse, Berlin, Germany, Merchant, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:―
Collapsible or portable brushes as hitherto made, generally in the form of pocket
brushes, have the disadvantage that the brush case has had to be too large in proportion
to the size of the brush.
In a brush according to the present invention the arrangement is such, that when
the case is opened the bristles are at the same time raised, while when the case is closed
the bristles are moved down again. This may be effected in several ways, the pivotting
bars, which carry the bristles in the usual manner, being arranged in such a way that
their length corresponds with the width of the brush and that they are set in motion
by means of a sliding rod carried by one of the longitudinal sides of the brush,
the bristles being raised or lowered according as the brush is in or out of use.
The
sliding of each rod takes place on the frame being opened or closed this being effected
in different manners as illustrated by the several forms of brushes shewn in the accom-
panying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a brush according to this invention in a finished
state and ready for use the bristles being erect.
Fig. 2 is a cross section on line A B of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a cross section on line CD of Fig. 4.
Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of the brush with the bristles turned down.
Fig. 5 is an end view and cross-section of a bristle bar.
Figs. 6 to 10 shew on an enlarged scale details of the closing device with an
arrangement for raising and lowering the bristles. The bristle bars a Fig. 5 are made
of curved metal and contain a certain number of bristles fixed or inserted in any
suitable manner. They are arranged to pivot or turn on small pins 6 Fig. 2 carried
by the parts 6 of the case 63 which are turned over by stamps dies or in any other
suitable manner. These pins enter cavities formed in the bristle bar a Fig. 2 by
rolling, but this bar may be also provided, as shewn in dotted lines in Fig. 5 with pins 62
at both ends, which pins would enter corresponding holes of the sides of the frame
Fig. 30. At the lower end of one of the front surfaces of each bar a is arranged a
pin c which enters a slot c¹ of the rod d. This rod d can slide on one of the longi-
tudinal sides 6' of the case 63 Fig. 2 in such a manner that when it is slid in the
direction of the arrow 1 Fig. 1 the bristles are raised while on the contrary they are
lowered when the rod d is slid in an opposite direction thereto marked by the arrow 2
(Fig. 4). This sliding motion is carried out with the aid of a cover which is con-
nected by a hinge f¹ with the semi-cylindrical locking device g. The latter is arranged
to turn in the ends of the longitudinal sides of the frame by means of a pin g¹ pro-
jecting from the two circular end pieces g³ so that when the lid fis fully turned open
this locking device g describes an angle of about 180° as it passes from the position
shewn in Fig. 4 to that shewn in Fig. 1. In the position shewn in Fig. 4 the half
cylinder g forms the end closure of the frame 63. The turning of the locking device g
causes, when the frame is being opened or closed, the raising or lowering of the
bristles.
For this purpose there is a pin g³ projecting from the end piece g² of the locking
device (Fig. 10) and which travels in a peculiarly formed slot &¹ of the rod d. The
main positions of the locking device and the consequent positions which the rod dis
thereby made to assume are shewn in Figs. 6 to 9 wherein the pins g¹ and 93 are shewn
in section the locking device g being in dotted lines. Fig. 6 shows the position of the

page_text: parts when the frame is closed and hence when the cover f is half open. When the
latter is moved far enough for the locking device to turn upon its pivot g¹ in the
direction of the arrow 3 the pin g³ moves for a while upon that part of the surface 8
(Fig. 6) of the slot d' which has a circular outline, so that the rod d does not slide.
Motion of this rod occurs first when the pin g³ abuts against the recessed surface 5
Fig. 7 and the locking device is still further turned in the direction of the arrow 3.
The rod d is then pushed in the direction of the arrow 1 so that the bristles a are
raised Fig. 1 until the pin g³ meets part 6 of the slot d' Fig. 8 when the motion of
the locking device g is arrested. In this position, which is also shewn in Fig. 1, the
bristles are quite erect and the cover f rests entirely below the bottom of the case so
that the brush can be easily handled. When the case is closed the lid is turned
again in the direction of the arrow 9 (Fig. 1) whereby one of the side edges of
the cover comes to bear against the rod d which protrudes slightly, when the
cover of assumes the position shewn in dotted lines in Fig. 1. A further turn
given to the cover causes at the same time the locking device g to turn in the
direction of the arrow 4, Fig. 8, so that the pin g3 soon meets with the part 7
Fig. 9 the rod d being now pushed in the direction of the arrow 2. The bristles
are consequently lowered and the closing device g again reaches the position shewn
in Fig. 6; the lid f can be entirely closed and secured in this position by pushing
its bent down end 2 below the edge (Fig. 4) of the case 6³. This arrange-
ment permits of the bristles being lowered before the cover is closed. The cover
therefore can never damage the bristles.
The motion of the slide and the particular connection thereof with the bristle bars
is susceptible of many modifications, some of which are illustrated on the drawings.
In the brush shewn in Figs. 11 to 14 the bristle bars a are fixed to small projecting
pieces by means of pins arranged at their lower ends. These pieces 67 are formed
by bending down parts of the bottom of the case. The upper pin 6° of each bar is
fastened to a rod d which is moved by means of a connecting link g, Figs. 11 & 14,
the latter embracing the pin g of the locking device g. This device is arranged to
pivot in the manner above described upon the pin g' between the longitudinal sides b¹
of the frame g³ and is connected with the cover f' by the hinge f¹.
Fig. 11 shows the case open and Fig. 14 shows it closed.
sections on lines A B & C D of Fig. 11.
Figs. 12 & 13 are
A similar arrangement of the bristle bar a at its lower end is shown in the brush
illustrated in Figs. 15 to 21. The case in this instance is not provided with a folding
cover but there is a sheath h entirely closed except on one side which slides over the
case containing the brush. The bristle bars a are fastened as before described by
means of lower pins 6 entering holes formed in the bent over edge (Fig. 16 Section
on line E. F. of Fig. 15) of the side of the case 1. The rod d is provided at one
end with a pin d (Fig. 18 Section on line G H of Fig. 17) extending into a slot 12
formed in the side of the case 1 (Fig. 21). Inside the longitudinal side of the sheath h
is screwed within reach of this pin da notched piece h¹ (Figs. 17 18 & 19) in such a
manner that when the casing l with the folded bristles (Fig. 20) is drawn out of the
sheath in the direction of the arrow 10 Fig. 17 the piece holds the pin d2 and the
rod d is pushed in the casing 1 in the direction of the arrow 11, Fig. 15. In this
manner the bristles are raised and at the same time the casing is firmly held in its
drawn position by means of a spring stud k travelling in the slot h³ and which at
this place has its thicker part located in an enlarged portion of the slot h³. When the
brush is desired to be closed, the stud k is pressed until its circular groove i has
entered the narrow part of the slot ³ and the casing is slid in the sheath h. The
bevel surface 12 (Fig. 17) now causes the rod d to be drawn back in the direction
of the arrow 10 so that the bristles are turned down in the position shewn in Fig. 20.
When the casing is pushed home in the sheath the latter is closed by the cover h*
under the action of a spring arranged upon its hinge Fig. 20.
Figs. 22 to 24 show a construction differing very little from the brushes berein
before described, the notched piece h' of Fig. 17 being dispensed with and replaced

page_text: by a slot h³ formed in one of the longitudinal sides of the case h. The bristle bars a
with the pins 6 are directly fixed in perforations of the longitudinal side of the
case 1.
In the brush shown in Figs. 25 to 29 the bristle bars are fixed in the bent up
edges of a box m sliding in a case or sheath Z. When the case is drawn out of
the casing in the direction of the arrow 13, Fig. 28, the end of the lever n pro-
jecting out of the case and oscillating upon the pin o in the said case 1, enters the
enlargement formed in one of the longitudinal sides of the casing h and thereby
causes the said lever to move in the direction of the arrow 14 whereby the box m
held by the bent forked end of the lever n receives an advance relatively to the case
and is pushed more to the right hand side in the latter leaving its position as shown
in Fig. 27 with its bristles still lowered. At the same time the bent extremity d of
the rod d abuts against the end of the slot in the longitudinal side of the case
Fig. 29 so that the rod d is stopped in its motion and the box m moves alone,
the bristles being now erect (fig. 25). The case being pushed back in the casing h
the end of the lever n abuts against the oblique surface 15 so that the box mis
again slid in the case 7 in the direction of the arrow 16, Fig. 27, and the bristles
are lowered. In the open position the catch fixes the position of the case with
its appurtenance. In Figs. 30 to 33 the motion of the rod d is effected by means
of the sliding lid p. Grooves r & s are formed in the longitudinal sides of the case
by means of raised plates or in any other suitable manner, the cover or lid p
being arranged to slide therein. When the lid p is slid in the grooves s the
case is closed (Fig. 32). The bristles are then lowered. But when the said lid
is slid in the grooves r Figs. 30 & 31, the same strikes against the projection d³
of the rod d and pushes the latter rod so that the bristle bar a is turned and
the bristles are raised. In this case also, the bar a is carried upon pins 6³ in
the sides of the case l.
From the foregoing examples it will be seen that many modifications may be
made without departure from the essential feature of the invention, the rod d
being employed in every case for lowering or raising the bristle bars a and fixed
to the longitudinal side of the sheath or casing in which the bristles are located.
Dated this 22nd day of May 1889.
RICHARD SCHULZ,.
Per L. W.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Brushes.
I, RICHARD SCHULZ, of 61 Sebastian Strasse, Berlin, Germany, Merchant, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
per-
formed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Collapsible or portable brushes as hitherto made, generally in the form of pocket
brushes, have the disadvantage that the brush case has had to be too large in pro-
portion to the size of the brush.
In a brush according to the present invention the arrangement is such, that when
the case is opened the bristles are at the same time raised, while when the case is
closed the bristles are moved down again. This may be effected in several ways,
the pivotting bars, which carry the bristles in the usual manner, being arranged in
such a way that their length corresponds with the width of the brush and that they
are set in motion by means of a sliding rod carried by one of the longitudinal sides
of the brush, the bristles being raised or lowered according as the brush is in or out
of use.
The sliding of each rod takes place on the frame being opened or closed
this being effected in different manners as illustrated by the several forms of brushes
shewn in the drawings filed with my provisional specification and in which
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a brush according to this invention in a finished
state and ready for use the bristles being erect.

page_text: Fig. 2 is a cross section on line A-B of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a cross section on line C-D of Fig. 4.
Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of the brush with the bristles turned down.
Fig. 5 is an end view and cross section of a bristle bar.
Figs. 6 to 10 shew on an enlarged scale details of the closing device with an
arrangement for raising and lowering the bristles. The bristle bars a Fig. 5 are
made of curved metal and contain a certain number of bristles fixed or inserted in
any suitable manner. They are arranged to pivot or turn on small pins 6 Fig. 2
carried by the parts 61 of the case ³ which are turned over by stamps dies or in any
other suitable manner. These pins enter cavities formed in the bristle bar a
Fig. 2 by rolling, but this bar may be also provided, as shewn in dotted lines in Fig. 5
with pins 62 at both ends, which pins would enter corresponding holes of the sides of
the frame Fig. 30. At the lower end of one of the front surfaces of each bar a is
arranged a pin c which enters a slot c¹ of the rod d. This rod d can slide on one
of the longitudinal sides 61 of the case 63 Fig. 2 in such a manner that when it is
slid in the direction of the arrow 1 in Fig. 1 the bristles are raised while on the
contrary they are lowered when the rod d is slid in an opposite direction thereto
marked by the arrow 2 (Fig. 4). This sliding motion is carried out with the aid of
a cover which is connected by a hinge f¹ with the semi-cylindrical locking device g.
The latter is arranged to turn in the ends of the longitudinal sides of the frame by
means of a pin g₁ projecting from the two circular end pieces g2 so that when the
lid is fully turned open this locking device y describes an angle of about 180° as
it passes from the position shewn in Fig. 4 to that shown in Fig. 1.
In the position
shewn in Fig. 4 the half cylinder g forms the end closure of the frame 63. The
turning of the locking device 9 causes, when the frame is being opened or closed,
the raising or lowering of the bristles. For this purpose there is a pin g³ projecting
from the end piece g² of the locking device (Fig. 10) and which travels in a peculiarly
formed slot d' of the rod d. The main positions of the locking device and the
consequent positions which the rod d is thereby made to assume are shewn in Figs. 6
to 9 wherein the pins g¹ & g³ are shewn in section the locking device g being in
dotted lines. Fig. 6 shews the position of the parts when the frame is closed and
hence when the cover fis half open. When the latter is moved far enough for the
locking device to turn upon its pivot g¹ in the direction of the arrow 3 the pin g³
moves for a while upon that part of the surface 8 (Fig. 6) of the slot d' which has a
circular outline, so that the rod d does not slide. Motion of this rod occurs first
when the pin g abuts against the recessed surface 5 Fig. 7 and the locking device
is still further turned in the direction of the arrow 3. The rod d is then pushed
in the direction of the arrow 1 so that the bristles a are raised Fig. 1 until the
pin g³ meets part 6 of the slot d' Fig. 8 when the motion of the locking device g is
arrested. In this position, which is also shewn in Fig. 1 the bristles are quite erect
and the cover frests entirely below the bottom of the case so that the brush can be
easily handled. When the case is closed the lid is turned again in the direction
of the arrow 9 (Fig. 1) whereby one of the side edges of the cover f comes to bear
against the rod d which protrudes slightly, when the cover assumes the position
shewn in dotted lines in Fig. 1. A further turn given to the cover causes at the
same time the locking device y to turn in the direction of the arrow 4, Fig. 8, so
that the pin g soon meets with the part 7 Fig. 9 the rod d being now pushed in the
direction of the arrow 2. The bristles are consequently lowered and the closing
device g again reaches the position shewn in Fig. 6; the lid f can be entirely closed
and secured in this position by pushing its bent down end 2 below the edge b
(Fig. 4) of the case b³. This arrangement permits of the bristles being lowered
before the cover is closed. The cover therefore can never damage the bristles.
The motion of the slide and the particular connection thereof with the bristle
bars is susceptible of many modifications, some of which are illustrated on the
drawings.
In the brush shewn in Figs. 11 to 14 the bristle bars a are fixed to small pro-
jecting pieces 67 by means of pins 6 arranged at their lower ends. These pieces b

page_text: are formed by bending down parts of the bottom of the case. The upper pin 6º of
each bar is fastened to a rod d which is moved by means of a connecting link g*
Figs. 11 & 14 the latter embracing the pin g of the locking device g. This device
is arranged to pivot in the manner above described upon the pin g¹ between the
longitudinal sides 61 of the frame g³ and is connected with the cover f by the
hinge f.
Fig. 11 shews the case open and Fig. 14 shews it closed. Figs. 12 & 13 are
sections on lines A-B & C-D of Fig. 11.
A similar arrangement of the bristle bar a at its lower end is shewn in the brush
illustrated in Figs. 15 to 21. The case in this instance is not provided with a folding
cover but there is a sheath h entirely closed except on one side which slides over the
case containing the brush. The bristle bars a are fastened as before described by
means of lower pins 6 entering holes formed in the bent over edge (Fig. 16
Section on line E-F of Fig. 15) of the side of the case 1. The rod d is provided at
one end with a pin d² (Fig. 18, Section on line G-H of Fig. 17) extending into a
slot 12 formed in the side of the case (Fig. 21). Inside the longitudinal side of the
sheath is screwed within reach of this pin d2 a notched piece h¹ (Figs. 17, 18 & 19)
in such a manner that when the casing with the folded bristles (Fig. 20) is drawn
out of the sheath h in the direction of the arrow 10 Fig. 17 the piece h¹ holds the
pin d2 and the rod d is pushed in the casing in the direction of the arrow 11 Fig. 15.
In this manner the bristles are raised and at the same time the casing is firmly held
in its drawn position by means of a spring stud k travelling in the slot h³ and which
at this place has its thicker part located in an enlarged portion of the slot h³. When
the brush is desired to be closed, the stud is pressed until its circular groove i has
entered the narrow part of the slot h³ and the casing is slid in the sheath h. The
bevel surface 12 (Fig. 17) now causes the rod d to be drawn back in the direction of
the arrow 10 so that the bristles are turned down in the position shewn in Fig. 20.
When the casing l is pushed home in the sheath h the latter is closed by the cover h
under the action of a spring arranged upon its hinge Fig. 20.
Figs. 22 to 24 shew a construction differing very little from the brushes herein-
before described the notched piece h¹ of Fig. 17 being dispensed with and replaced
by a sloth formed in one of the longitudinal sides of the case h. The bristle bars a
with the pins are directly fixed in perforations of the longitudinal side of the
case 1.
In the brush shewn in Figs. 25 to 29 the bristle hars are fixed in the bent up edges
of a box m sliding in a case or sheath 1. When the case is drawn out of the casing h
in the direction of the arrow 13, Fig. 28, the end of the lever n projecting out of
the case and oscillating upon the pin o in the said case 1, enters the enlargement h
formed in one of the longitudinal sides of the casing hand thereby causes the said
lever to move in the direction of the arrow 14 whereby the box m held by the bent
forked end of the lever n receives an advance relatively to the case and is pushed
more to the right hand side in the latter leaving its position as shewn in Fig. 27 with
its bristles still lowered. At the same time the bent extremity d² of the rod d abuts
against the end of the slot in the longitudinal side of the case / Fig. 29 so that the
rod d is stopped in its motion and the box m noves alone, the bristles being now erect.
(Fig. 25). The case being pushed back in the casingh the end of the lever n abuts
against the oblique surface 15 so that the box m is again slid in the case in the
direction of the arrow 16, Fig. 27, and the bristles are lowered. In the open position
the catch fixes the position of the case with its appurtenance. In Figs. 30 to 33
the motion of the rod d is effected by means of the sliding lid p. Grooves r & s are
formed in the longitudinal sides of the case 1 by means of raised plates 15 or in
any other suitable manner, the cover or lid p being arranged to slide therein. When
the lid p is slid in the grooves s the case is closed, (Fig. 32). The bristles are then
lowered. But when the said lid is slid in the grooves Figs. 30 & 31, the same
strikes against the projection d³ of the rod d and pushes the latter rod so that the
bristle bar a is turned and the bristles are raised. In this case also, the bar a is
carried upon pins 6* in the sides of the case 1.

page_text: From the foregoing examples it will be seen that many modifications may be made
without departure from the essential feature of the invention, the rod d being
employed in every case for lowering or raising the bristle bars a and fixed to the
longitudinal side of the sheath or casing in which the bristles are located.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A brush having bristle bars a which pivot in a sheath or case and which
are moved by a rod arranged to slide on one of the longitudinal sides of the case
or sheath.
2. In a brush of the kind referred to in the preceding claim an oscillating
closing device g which imparts a sliding motion to the rod d by means of a slot d
or of a connecting link g*.
3. In a brush of the kind referred to in claim 1, a slot h in the casing / formed
in one of the longitudinal sides of this casing and arranged to impart a sliding motion
to the rod d.
4. In a brush of the kind referred to in claim 1 a cover or lid-like slide
acts upon projections d³ of the rod d.
p which
5. The arrangement of the pivotted bristle bars a referred to in claim 1 with the
rod d in a sliding box m in such a manner that by the sliding of the rod d and of the
box m in opposite directions in the case which receives the latter, the erection or
the depression of the bristles takes place.
Dated this 13th day of January 1890.
R. SCHULZ,
Per F. J. B.