IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CARDING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Palmer, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster,
Manager, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CARDING
COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 28th December 1855, and dated the 10th July 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Palmer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on; the 10th
July 1855.
I, JAMES PALMER, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Manager,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR CARDING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES" to be as
follows:-
The object of my Invention is to remove dirt and other impurities from
fibrous substances without wasting or injuring the fibres. In order to effect
this, I place one or more clearing rollers under and nearly in contact with the
licker-in. These clearing rollers are covered with needle-pointed cards or
other surface, and a slow rotary motion is imparted thereto; consequently, as
the licker-in revolves, the dirt or other inpurities projecting from the teeth
of the licker-in is caught by the needle-pointed cards or other surface and
dropped into a box or casing. The clearing rollers under the licker-in may
be cleaned by a revolving brush, if requisite. In double cards the clearing
rollers are applied to the carrier roller that conveys the fibrous substance from
the slow trimmer to the front cylinder or drum.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Palmer in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th
January 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
PALMER, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Manager, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and graut unto me, the
said James Palmer, Her special license that I, the said James Palmer,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
James Palmer, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully night make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR CARDING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said James Palmer, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Palmer, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
Specification thereof, reference being had to the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings (that is to say):-
The nature of my Invention consists, first, in applying one or more clearing
rollers to the licker-in of a carding engine, for the purpose of removing dirt
and other impurities from the surface thereof; secondly, in applying to double
carding engines one or more clearing rollers to the carrier roller, by which
the fibrous substance is conveyed from the slow trimmer to the front cylinder
or drum.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect, I will proceed to describe the means pursued by me.
The Drawing represents the outline of a carding
construction to which my improvements are applied.
engine of the ordinary
a is the main cylinder;

page_text: , the licker-in; c, c, the feed rollers; and d, the lap of cotton or other fibrous
substance to be carded; e, c, are two clearing rollers, revolving slowly in adjust-
able bearings; these rollers are covered with needle-pointed cards or other
suitable material, the action of which on the licker-in will remove the dirt or
other impurities projecting from the card teeth with which the licker-in is
covered. I prefer to drive the rollers e, e, by a carrier, gearing into a pinion
on the lower feed roller. This carrier gears into a wheel on the axis of one
of the clearing rollers, and the other clearing roller is driven by a carrier,
shewn by dots. The dirt or other impurities collected by the clearing rollers
drops out as they revolve into the casing below; or the clearing rollers may
be kept clean by a revolving brush, if required. I prefer to apply two
clearing rollers to the licker-in, as shewn, but one or more may be used if
desired.
It will be obvious that the distance between the clearing rollers and the
licker-in must be carefully adjusted, in order that the dirt and other impurities
may be removed without injuring the fibres under operation. This adjustment
can be easily effected by the bearings and set screws, shewn in the Drawing.
In double cards, the clearing rollers are applied to the carrier roller that con-
veys the fibrous substance from the slow trimmer to the front cylinder or drum.
As the clearing rollers for this purpose may be exactly like those shown in the
accompanying Drawing, it is not requisite to illustrate this part of my Inven-
tion; it is only necessary to remark, that when my improved clearing rollers are
applied, the carrier roller must be placed below the centre of the slow trimmer
instead of above, as is now customary.
Having thus stated the nature of my improvements, and the manner of
performing the same, I wish to remark that I do not limit myself to the
details herein set forth; and that what I do claim is, the application of a
clearing roller or clearing rollers to the licker-in of ordinary carding engines,
or to the carrier roller of double carding engines.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Palmer, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventh day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
H. B. BARLOW,
Manchester.
JAS PALMER. (L.S.)