AN IMPROVED SHADE FOR GAS BURNERS AND LAMPS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Marten, of High Street, Marylebone, in
the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED
SHADE FOR GAS BURNERS AND LAMPS."
Sealed the 6th October 1855, and dated the 6th August 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Marten
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 6th August 1858.
Sp
J, JOHN MARTEN, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven- Pr
tion for "AN IMPROVED SHADE FOR GAS BURNERS AND LAMPS" to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in constructing shades of two parts, the
upper part being formed of opal or other semi-transparent substance or
material, and the lower portion of glass, which should be perfectly
transparent; and, further, in rendering such lower portion available as
a holder in lieu of the metal shade holders hitherto employed, and
thereby presenting less obstruction to the rays from the flame of a gas
burner or lamp. And it should be observed that shades constructed
according to this Invention are considerably cheaper than the semi-

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Marten in the Great Seal Patent Office,
on the 6th February 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
JOHN MARTEN, of High Street, Marylebone, in the County of Middle-
sex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the seven-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Marten, Her special licence
that I, the said John Marten, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said John Marten, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,. and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
SHADE FOR GAS BURNERS AND LAMPS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said John Marten, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Marten, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof (that is to say):
My Invention consists in constructing shades in two parts or of
-two distinct and separate pieces of material, the upper part being

page_text: formed of ground glass, opal, or other semi-transparent substance or S
material, and the lower portion of glass, which should be perfectly
transparent. And I employ this lower portion of the shade for sup-
porting the upper part thereof, and thus I dispense with the necessity
for employing a large metal holder for supporting the shade, as hitherto
practised; and by thus reducing the size of the shade holder I remove
or lessen very considerably the obstruction which the metal shade
holders, as hitherto constructed and employed, present to the transmis-
sion of the rags of light from the flame of the lamp or gas burner
which the shade surrounds. In order to explain my said Invention as
completely as possible I proceed to describe the mode practised by me
for carrying the same into practical effect, reference being had to the
illustrative Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the numeral Figures and
letters of reference marked thereon respectively, as follows:-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1, is a transverse and vertical section of a shade constructed
according to my said Invention; Figure 2, is an outside view of the
shade complete. A, A, is the lower portion of the shade, which is
formed with a projecting lege at B, over and around which the open-
iug in the upper part A', of the shade passes, and thus keeps this part in
position. C, is that opening which passes over the chimney of the
burner, and by which the shade is supported by resting upon a suitable
ledge or projection * formed to receive such part. I would remark that I
an aware of shades having heretofore been manufactured in which the
upper portion thereof has been ground or otherwise rendered semi-
transparent, whilst the lower portion has been left perfectly transparent,
but such shades have, I believe, in all cases been made of one and the
same entire piece of glass; and where this is the case, and the openings
therein are small, great inconvenience, attended with the risk of break-
ing, is experienced in cleansing such shades. The object and intention,
therefore, of my said Invention is to obviate these objections by making
the shade in two distinct and separate parts or pieces, whereby I not
only render the construction of the shade considerably cheaper than the
shades as hitherto constructed, but by thus constructing the shade I

page_text: enable it to be more easily and effectually cleansed than if the shade
were made of one and the same entire piece of material.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be and may be performed, I declare my Inven-
tion to consist in, and I claim as of my Invention of an improved shade
for gas burners and lamps, the constructing of such said shades in two
distinct and separate parts or pieces in the manner above more particu-
larly described and set forth, or any modification thereof, by which the
same result may be obtained.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Marten, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fourth day of February, in the of
year
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Witness,
ALEX PRINCE,
Patent Agent,
4, Trafalgar Square,
Charing Cross.
JOHN MARTEN (L.S.)