Improvements in Hair Pins.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Nov., 1858-Accepted, 14th Jan., 1899
Improvements in Hair Pins.
A communication by CHARLES A. MELDRUM, of Detroit, in the County of Wayne,
and State of Michigan, United States of America.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of The Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street, Manchester, both
in the County of Lancaster, 118, New Street, Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, and 322, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
-
This invention has for its object certain improvements in hairpins, as hereinafter
described and claimed and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which-
Figures 1, 2, and 3 are views in elevation showing different forms of this
invention.
Fig. 4 shows in outline the location of the wires embodied in Figure 1, the wires
being untwisted in order to more clearly illustrate the manner of constructing the
pin shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 5 is also a view showing in outline the form of pin illustrated in Fig. 2, but
the wires being untwisted.
It will be understood that Figures 4 and 5 are used to represent the manner of
constructing the pin shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the outline shown in Figs. 4 and >
showing the pins incomplete. The improved pins herewith illustrated, are formed
with one or more prongs formed of twisted wire, the wire forming the twiste.
prong being bent back and twisted on itself so as to leave the prong with a bent end
rather than with the wire cut or pointed at the end.
In the drawings, A, represents prongs formed of twisted wire, the wire being bent
back intermediate its ends and twisted upon itself in the completed article, as
shown, leaving bent ends at the extremities of the prongs, as indicated at a, so
that the extremities of the prongs will not cut or tear the hair or injure the scalp.
As shown in Figure 2, the pin may be formed with two prongs only. In all of
the cases shown, the pins are made of a single piece of wire. When the pin is
formed of two prongs, as in Figure 2, one end of the wire is bent back analagous to
the outline, shown in Figure 5, after which the two adjacent portions of wire are
twisted upon themselves, as shown in Figure 2, the extremities of the wire being
brought back to the head of the pin, where they may be soldered together, as at a¹,
or the extremities may be otherwise securely fastened at the head of the pin.
In the form shown in Figure 1, one end of the wire is bent back on itself, then
downward to form a middle prong, and then back to the head, and again downward
and back to the head, as outlined in Figure 4, the two extremities of the wire being
brought back adjacent to the head of the pin. The adjacent parts of each prong may
be twisted upon themselves to form the individual prongs, and the two extremities of
the wire may then be twisted at the head about the centre prong, as indicated

page_text: at a², Figure 1. My correspondent does not limit himself to any particular
way of fastening the extremities of the wire at the head of the pin, as they may
be soldered or twisted about adjacent parts or otherwise fastened in place, as may
be desired. In Figure 3, a modification of this invention is shown in which only
the centre prong is bent back and twisted on itself, the extremities of the wire being
bent over at the head of the pin and longitudinally with the centre prong to form
outer untwisted prongs A¹, which may be crimped or corrugated or indented, as
indicated, for example, in Figure 3 at 3. A pin so constructed may be formed in
a very simple and economical manner, while the prongs, one or more, being forn.ed
of the wire bent back and twisted on itself forms a prong adapted to have a fixed
retention in the hair, and one not liable to become displaced. The pins being
formed of a single piece of wire may readily be formed of wire cut of desired
lengths.
Where two or more prongs are twisted in the manner described, by constructing
the extremities of the prongs in the form of a loop or bent, as indicated at a, there
is not only no liability of injuring the hair or scalp, but the extremities of the
wire are brought back to the head and fastened in such a position that said
extremities are out of the way of doing injury.
The extremities of the wire may simply be brought into contact at the head of the
pin and fastened, as indicated in the drawings, or the extremities may lap slightly past
the adjacent portion of the pin at the head thereof, thereby stiffening the head of
the pin and giving more of a spring tension to the extremities of the pins whereby
when they have been spread, they will be restored to normal position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated
to me by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is:
1. A hair pin constructed with a single piece of wire having one of its prongs
formed of the wire bent back and twisted upon itself, leaving a looped or bent
extremity of said prong, substantially as set forth.
2. A hair pin formed of a single piece of wire having the extremities thereof
bent back upon the body of the wire and twisted, forming twisted prongs, the
extremities of the wire being brought back and fastened adjacent to the head of the
pin, substantially as set forth.
3. A three-pronged hair pin made of a single piece of wire bent back and twisted
upon itself to form twisted prongs, the extremities of the prongs being looped and
the extremities of the wire being brought back and fastened adjacent to the head
of the pin, substantially as set forth.
4. A three-pronged hair pin made of a single piece of wire having its ends bent
back and twisted upon itself to form each of said prongs, the extremities of the wire
being secured upon the center prong at the head thereof, substantially as set
forth.
D1 thi 10th
faramba 1000