IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL IVORY."
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Barnet Solomon Cohen, of 24, Great Prescot
Street, Goodman's Fields, in the County of Middlesex, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL
IVORY."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Barnet Solomon Cohen
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 12th August 1874.
I, BARNET SOLOMON COHEN, of 24, Great Prescot Street, Goodman's
Fields, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL
IVORY," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture
of artificial ivory.
For this purpose I take ivory dust, and I boil it with water until a
jelly is obtained. With this I mix Fuller's earth, and the compound I
mould with pressure into the shapes required. Aftcowards I expose the

page_text: moulded articles to a moderate heat in an oven. Coloring matter may
be added to the other ingredients.
In place of ivory dust, properly so called, other horny and bony
matters may be employed, and other analogous carth may be substituted
for Fuller's earth.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Barnet Solomon Colen in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 12th February 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, BARNET
SOLOMON COHEN, of 24, Great Prescot Street, Goodman's Fields, in the 1
County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-eighth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give ]
and grant unto me, the said Barnet Solomon Cohen, Her special license
that I, the said Barnet Solomon Colien, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Baruct Solomon Cohen, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL IVORY," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Barnet Solomon Cohen, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and scals, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the samo
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Barnet Solomon Cohen, do hereby
11

page_text: '
we particularly despite ascertamea in anu
by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of
artificial ivory.
For this purpose the fragments or dust of ivory, bone, horn, or similar
material are crushed and ground as fine as possible...
The powder is boiled with water in a water-jacketed earthen vessel
until all the solid matter has dissolved. I uso a pint of water to a pound
of the ivory dust.
A small quantity of shellac or similar binding material is added.
One ounce of shellac dissolved in spirits of wine to the pound of ivory
dust will be found sufficient, and subsequently I add cither white or
other coloring matter. One ounce of zinc white will be a proper
quantity.
The liquid thus formed is poured into moulds, and allowed to set,
after which the material is dried by exposure to the air for a considerable
period.
When sufficiently dry the mass may be subjected to hydraulic or other
pressure, and dies may be employed in applying this pressure to mould
the material with more accuracy to the form required than it is possible
to attain by casting.
When thoroughly dry the mass can be turned, cut, sawn, or carved.
To render the articles impervious to water they are treated with a
solution of soluble silica. This is done before they are finally polished
and finished off.
I claim the manufacture of artificial ivory, substantially as described,
whether the ivory dust (or other similar substance) is boiled entirely by
itself or mixed with shellac and coloring matter.
In witness whereof, I, the said Barnet Solomon Cohen, have licrc-
unto set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of February, in tho
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
B. S. COHEN. (L.S.)