A New or Improved Machine for Aniline Dyeing Cotton, and Drying Wool, Cotton, and the like.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Aug., 1897-Accepted, 16th Oct., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Machine for Aniline Dyeing Cotton, and Drying
Wool, Cotton, and the like.
We, THEODOR ENDER, Manufacturer, ALEXANDER KLEINDIENST, Dyer, and JAN
PROCNER Engineer all of Pabianice in Russian Poland, do hereby declare the
nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to construct a new or improved machine for
drying wool, cotton and the like, and consists chiefly of a reticulated revolving
drum arranged obliquely, covered with wire gauze, and provided upon its inner
walls with longitudinal blades or lifters. Heating tubes are so placed and enclosed
in a casing that a fan or ventilator, operating behind the heating tubes, drives
the heated air from the casing across the reticulated drum. A portion of the
periphery of the drum is not enclosed in the casing or envelope, in order to allow
for the evaporation, at one end, of the moisture arising from the drying wool.
One of the front or end surfaces of the drum is coated or lagged centrally as far
as an annular opening, while the other end is left open.
And in order that our said invention may be particularly described and ascer-
tained reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings, in which similar
letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the machine.
Fig. 2 is an end elevation.
Fig. 3 is a plan.
In the casing G, the drying drum T covered with wire gauze is arranged to
revolve, and may be adjusted according to requirements. This drum is caused to
rotate by means of the chain k and chain wheel K passing round the periphery.
Inside the casing a number of heated tubes a¹ a² a³ at and a³ are fitted, and
below the drum are the heating pipes a a, which are all connected with a steam
pipe controlled by the valve a. The steam pipe b₁ closed at its extremity, and
passing behind the drum, can be closed by the valve b, and is perforated with a
great number of discharge openings directed against the drum, and serving to
steam the cotton impregnated with a preparation of aniline. The covering or
lagging applied outside the drum, which is otherwise open, is removable, and
is used to develop the aniline black upon the cotton. In the casing G there is
arranged between the heating pipes, and behind the drum a fan or ventilator L
(Figs. 2 and 3) having for its object to drive the air, which has been previously
heated, through the drum.
Upon the inner side of this drum T are fixed the blades or lifters ttt, which
raise the loose wool when the drum revolves in the direction indicated by the
arrow. The ends of the drum are provided with angular flanges W. W, each of
which runs upon three rollers r, (Figs. 1 and 2) attached to the adjusting device.
Each set of three rollers is carried by a strong support R provided with two

page_text: arms which are toothed on one side. These supports can be adjusted vertically in
the uprights R¹ fixed to the floor. The standards R' carry cross shafts Q provided
with two front wheels, so that when this shaft rotates the front wheels mesh
with the teeth of the arms of the support R, thus raising or lowering the latter.
The standards are provided with extensions or ends sunk in the ground and serving
to guide the toothed arms, and to prevent the support and rollers from being tilted.
The two cross shafts and their front wheels are driven with the aid of bevel
gearing by a shaft W mounted on the floor alongside the drum. Upon this
shaft is fixed a worm wheel S gearing with a worm carried at one end of a small
shaft arranged above the worm wheel, and fitted at its other end, which projects
outside the casing or envelope with a crank handle h. When the bevel gear is
in suitable position the supports carrying the rollers which support the drum
ends, are simultaneously adjusted in a vertical direction, by turning the crank
handle h, so that one end of the drum may be raised and the other end lowered
by which means the inclination of the drum can be easily and accurately regulated.
The drum and the fan are driven in any suitable manner by means of a common
driving shaft.
The machine operates as follows:-The propulsion of the wool or cotton in the
drum is effected in the following manner. The damp cotton or wool is introduced
at the higher end of the drum, through the opening () formed in the front end
or wall thereof and inside the inclined and rotating drum T. The blades or
lifters of the latter raise the cotton or wool upwards, the latter falling down again
after one half of a revolution of the drum has been accomplished, and reaching
the lowermost part of the drum whence it is lifted again; this operation continuing
until the cotton or wool reaches finally the lower open end of the drum, and is
discharged out of the same. To regulate the degree of dampness of the cotton or
wool, as required for spinning, the adjusting device is used whereby the inclina-
tion of the drum can be altered at will without interruption, so that the cotton
or wool may be continuously propelled along the drum at a greater or lesser speed.
The quantity of damp cotton or wool continuously introduced into the drum will
likewise depend upon this operation.
This drying machine may likewise be used to develop aniline black upon
cotton, this being effected in the following manner:-The lowermost open end
of the drum is closed by a readily movable lid or cover, and the impregnated
cotton wool is introduced, after its treatment in a centrifugal machine, into the
drum T in order to be dried. After the drum has been sufficiently filled the
admission opening is closed by the removable cover, the drum is brought into a
horizontal position by means of its adjustable device, and the cotton is dried in
this position. The open part of the casing is subsequently closed, the supply of
hot steam through the valve a is shut off, and saturated steam is allowed to
enter the casing through the pipe ', so that the aniline black may be thus
developed.
The valve is now closed, the movable lagging over part of the periphery
of the drum is taken off, the drum is then inclined to allow the cotton to be
discharged, and after the drum has been emptied the process may be continued,
with a fresh supply of cotton. Throughout the manipulations above mentioned,
the drum as well as the fan must be kept in constant motion.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is:-
1. The improvements in machines for drying wool, cotton and the like, substan-
tially as herein before described and illustrated by the drawings.
2. In a machine for continuously drying wool and cotton, the combination of
a reticulated revolving drum working in a casing fitted with heating pipes and
ventilator or fan; the drum being capable of being closed, if required, the drum
being also fitted internally with fixed blades or lifters and mounted so that its

page_text: inclination may be adjusted in any suitable manner for regulating the operation
of drying, substantially as herein before described and illustrated by the drawings.
Dated 17th August 1897.
GEORGE DOWNING & SONS,
8 Quality Court, London, W.C., Agents.