AN IMPROVEMENT IN BRUSHES FOR THE HAIR OR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton,, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN BRUSHES FOR THE HAIR OR OTHER
PURPOSES." A communication, from abroad by John R. Ingersoll, of the
City of New York.
Sealed the 28th December 1860, and dated the 30th July 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th July 1860.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lanc, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN BRUSHES FOR THE
HAIR OR OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention of an improvement in brushes for the hair or other purposes,
consists in constructing brushes in which the bristles are secured around little.
tubes connected with a reservoir, the sides or the top of which are made.
elastic, so that on exerting a pressure on the same the hair oil or other
substance contained in the reservoir will be forced out through the tubes. to
the bristles, and be by them transmitted or supplied to the hair in the act of
brushing.
In carrying out the Invention a reservoir is secured to its top and about the
centre of the brush, and this reservoir is furnished with a perforated bottom,

page_text: which communicates with some of the bristles underneath the reservoir by
means of small tubes, to which the bristles are attached. These perforations
can be closed by means of a valve which is secured to the lower end of a
screw rod. The top of the reservoir is made somewhat convex, and so that
the same when forced in resumes its original position. An aperture in the
side of the reservoir serves to introduce the hair oil or other substance to be
used with the brush. When the valve is raised a gentle pressure on the elastic
top of the reservoir forces the hair oil or other substance out through the tubes
to the bristles.
The same principle may be applied with equal advantage to marking
brushes or paint brushes, and in this case all the bristles constituting the
brush are fastened to small tubes, and they form the bottom of a reservoir, the
sides of which are made elastic, so that by compressing them the paint or
other substance is caused to ooze. out through the tubes to the bristles the
atmospheric pressure on the lower end of the tubes being sufficient to prevent
the paint from oozing out when no pressure is exerted on the sides of the
reservoir. A spiral spring may be inserted between the sides of the reservoir
to impart to the same the necessary elasticity.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 30th January 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria; by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Edward Newton, Her special license that I, the said William
Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
1, the said William Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and
ássigus, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter. during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN BRUSHES FOR THE HAIR OR OTHER

page_text: PURPOSES," being a communication from abroad, upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said William Edward Newton, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed,.and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do bereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same.is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and
to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
.
This Invention of an improvement in brushes for the hair or other purposes
consists in constructing brushes in which the bristles are secured around little
tubes connected with a reservoir, the sides or the top of which are made elastic,
so that on exerting a pressure on the same the hair oil or other substance
contained in the reservoir will be forced out through the tubes to the
bristles, and be by them transmitted..or supplied to the hair in the act of
brushing.
In the accompanying Drawing, Figure 1 represents a longitudinal vertical
section of a brush constructed according to this Invention; Figure 2 is a plan
or top view.of the same; Figure 3 is a longitudinal vertical section of 'a
modification of the same. Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding
parts in the several Figures.
A, Figures 1 and 2, represents a hair brush of the ordinary construction.
A reservoir B is secured to its top and about the centre of the brush, and this
reservoir is furnished with a perforated bottom C, the perforations in which
communicate with some of the bristles D underneath the reservoir B, by
means of small tubes a, to which the bristles are attached. These perforations
can be closed by means of a valve E, which is secured to the lower end of's
of a
screw rod b. The top c of the reservoir is made somewhat convex, and is so
arranged and applied that after it has been forced in it will resume its original
position. An aperture d in the side of the reservoir serves to introduce the
hair oil or other substance to be used with the brush. When the valve E is
raised, a gentle pressure on the elastic top c of the reservoir forces the hair oil
or other substance out through the tubes a to the bristles.
The same principle may be applied with equal advantage to marking brushes
or paint brushes, and in this case all the bristles constituting the brush A' are
fastened to small tubes a', as shown in Figure 3, and they form the bottom of

page_text: a reservoir B³, the sides of which are made elastic, so that by compressing
them the paint or other substance is caused to:ooze out through the tubes to
the bristles, the atmospheric pressure on the lower end of the tubes being
sufficient to prevent the paint from oozing out when no pressure is exerted on
the sides of the reservoir. A spiral or coiled spring c¹ may be inserted
between the sides of the reservoir to impart to the same the necessary
elasticity.
The convenience of a brush made according to this Invention will be well
understood by any practical painter, or, in fact, by every person having occasion
to use a paint or a marking brush, and when applied to a hair brush the
Invention enables a person to spread the oil over the hair without touching it
with the fingers, simply by the aid of the brush, and in this case the discharge
of the oil is stopped by the valve E, and by pressing on the elastic top of the
reservoir the discharge is facilitated, so that the quantity of the oil to be
discharged can be regulated at pleasure.
Having now described this Invention of an improvement in brushes for
the hair or other purposes, and having explained the manner of carrying the
'same into effect, I would observe that I do not claim broadly the use of
vessels for holding liquids, which vessels are made elastic, so as to have their
contents discharged by compression; nor do I claim broadly the Invention of
fountain brushes; but that which I consider to be new, and therefore wish to
claim as the Invention secured to me by Letters Patent as aforesaid is the
application to brushes of an elastic reservoir to hold any desired liquid, so that
by the compression of some part of such elastic reservoir the liquid will be
injected into the brush, as herein shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
W. E. NEWTON. (L.S.)