IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS KNOWN AS 'ROVING,' 'INTERMEDIATE,' 'SLUBBING, AND THROSTLE' FRAMES, AND DOUBLERS,' AND ALSO IN WINDING MACHINES USED. FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, AND WINDING COTTON, WOOL, FLAX, SILE, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Sumner, of Ashton, near Preston, in the
County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS KNOWN AS 'ROVING,' 'INTERMEDIATE,' 'SLUBBING, AND
THROSTLE' FRAMES, AND DOUBLERS,' AND ALSO IN WINDING MACHINES USED.
FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, AND WINDING COTTON, WOOL, FLAX, SILE, AND
OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 17th April 1866, and dated the 20th October 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Sumner at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
October 1865.
I, WILLIAM SUMNER, of Ashton, near Preston, in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS KNOWN AS 'ROVING,' 'INTERMEDIATE,' 'SLUBBING,
AND THROSTLE FRAMES, AND DOUBLERS,' AND ALSO IN WINDING MACHINES USED
FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, AND WINDING COTTON, WOOL, FLAX, SILK, AND OTHER
FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates particularly to the spindles and collars of the
machines named in the title, and consists, firstly, in making the roving,

page_text: intermediate, slubbing, throstle, and doubler spindles conical near their tops
for bearings to work within their collars, so that by either raising the spindles
higher or lowering the top collars any looseness by the spindles or collars
being worn can be easily remedied. I make the top collars in the said
machines with conical top bearings, so that by lowering they will be easily
made to fit the spindles, and I screw or otherwise fasten the top collar to the
bottom one so as to extend upwards to fit the conical part near the top of the
spindle.
Secondly, instead of fastening the collar on the bottom side of the rail as
usually done I fasten it by a nut on its upper side, so that the thread of the
nut running downwards the same way as the bobbin wheel revolves the weight
of the bobbin wheel and bobbin will keep the nut fast. I also fasten short
collars upon
the upper
sides of the rails by nuts, instead of having nuts on the
bottom side of the rails..
Thirdly, I make the long collars from piping or tubing with or without
metal bushes or any of the usual packing compositions, welded, or otherwise
fastened within the top of the long collar tubing made to fit the part of the
spindle which works within it.
Fourthly, I make a fixed bottom collar to serve as a stay to the bottom of
the spindle, and as a footstep or auxiliary to the spindle footstep, and also a
fixture made fast to the spindle to work within the said collar, and I fix a nut
so as to fasten the bottom collar, fixed rail, or other fixing and top collar
together, allowing of adjustment to the top collar.
Fifthly, I make the ordinary throstle and doubler spindle collars conical
instead of being straight, and the collars with taper holes to correspond to the
shape of the spindle collars. I also extend the collar from a fixed rail to near
the top of the conical part of the spindle, and the collar in the lifting rail, so
as to allow an adjustment same as described in the roving, slubbing, and
intermediate processes.
Sixthly, in winder spindles I make the washer or bobbin carrier to serve as a
collar to the spindle by its extending through the frame rail or collars; the
bobbin carrier or washer having a
long boss underneath it to fit upon the
spindle and so turned as to act as a collar to the spindle.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Sumner in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
19th April 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
SUMNER, of Ashton, near Preston, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her. Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said William Sumner, Her special license that I, the said William
Sumner, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said William Sumner; my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS KNOWN AS 'ROVING,' 'INTERMEDIATE,
'SLUBBING,' AND THROSTLE FRAMES, AND DOUBLERS,' AND ALSO IN WINDING
MACHINES USED FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, AND WINDING COTTON, WOOL, FLAX,
SILK, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said William Sumner, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next.
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Sumner, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
This Invention relates particularly to the spindles, tubes, and collars of the
machines named in the title, and consists,-
First, in making the roving, intermediate, slubbing, throstle, and doubler
spindles conical, either near their tops or just above the traverse of the lifting
rail, and causing the conical parts of the spindles to work in conical collars or
bearings, so that by raising the spindles or lowering the collars any looseness
between the spindles and collars can be easily remedied. There is one conical
collar for each spindle, and each collar is screwed to or forms part of the

page_text: ordinary tube which surrounds the spindle, the conical collar extending
upwards and fitting the conical part of the spindle, and the said tube is
connected by nuts to the stationary frame rail or to a footstep fixed to it so
that the tube can be adjusted as required and afterwards firmly fixed.
Secondly, instead of fastening the tube which carries the bobbin wheel on
the bottom side of the bobbin or lifting rail as usually done I fasten it by a
nut on its upper side, so that tho thread of the nut running downwards in the
same direction as the bobbin wheel revolves the weight of the bobbin wheel
and bobbin will keep the nut fast, and I also fasten short tubes or collars upon
the upper sides of the rails by nuts, instead of having nuts on the bottom side
of the rails.
Thirdly, I make a fixed bottom collar to serve as a stay to the bottom of
the spindle, and as a footstep or auxiliary to the spindle footstep, and also a
fixture made fast to the spindle to work within the said collar, and I fix a nut
so as to fasten the bottom collar, fixed rail, or other fixing and top collar
together, allowing of adjustment to the top collar.
Fourthly, in winder spindles I make the washer or bobbin carrier with a
long boss to serve as a collar to the spindle by extending it through the frame
rail or bush placed in it for the purpose of obtaining greater durability and
steadiness.
These improvements will be clearly understood by referring to the Figures
and letters on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings in which Fig. 1 represents
one of my improved roving, intermediate, or slubbing spindles made conical at
the top, and working in a conical collar or bearing forming part of the tube
fixed to the stationary rail. Fig. 2, a vertical section of the collar and tube
detached.
Fig. 3 represents another arrangement of my improved roving spindle
and parts connected with it. Figs. 4 and 5 are vertical sections representing
a long and short tube in which the spindle works, and my improved mode of
fixing the said tubes to the bobbin or lifting rail.
Fig. 6 is a view in section and elevation of one of my improved throstle and
doubler spindles, with the tube and collar in which it works; (and Fig. 7, a
view of a winder spindle, and a bobbin carrier or washer with my improved
long boss for giving steadiness to the spindle. Figs. 1, 2, and 3 are drawn
about half size, and Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7 about full size, but I desire it to be
understood that the spindles, tubes, and collars are intended to be made of any
required dimensions.
In Fig. 1 a represents the spindle; b, the tube which surrounds it; c, the
independent fixed rail; d, the conical part of the spiudle; and e, the conical

page_text: collar at the top of the tube. The bottom end of the tube is screwed and
provided with two nuts f and 9, so that the tube and collar can be adjusted as
required, and then firmly fixed, and in order to shew my improved conical
collar more clearly a detached view of it and the tube is given in Fig. 2.
In Fig. 3 h represents the spindle; i, the tube which surrounds it; k, the
independent fixed rail; 1, the conical part of the spindle; m, the conical collar
just above the traverse of the lifting rail; n, the bobbin wheel; and othe
bobbin. In the independent rail k I place a bottom collar p. screwed at the
top, and to the spindle I fix a bush q, which works within the said bottom
collar p. The bottom of the tube i is screwed and is connected to the bottom
collar by the nut, by the turning of which the tube and conical collar can be
adjusted as required, and afterwards locked by the lock nut 8.
་་།
In Figs. 4 and 5 the long and short tubes in which the spindles work are
shewn at t, and the lifting rail at u. On each there is a projection or
head v, and above the head there is a screw w, the thread of which is cut in
the same direction as the bobbin is required to revolve. The head is at the
bottom side of the rail, and the nut tightened on the screw at the top side
of the rail, and as the thread of the screw is in the same direction as the
bobbin wheel and bobbin revolve the friction cannot loosen the nut.
In Fig. 6 a¹ represents a throstle and doubler spindle; b¹, the flyer; c', the
bobbin; d, the bobbin or lifting rail; and e¹, the independent fixed rail. The
conical part of the spindle is marked f¹; it works in the conical collar g¹
forming part of the tube h¹, which is screwed at the bottom and fixed to the
independent rail by the nuts k', '. The bobbin tube n¹ has at the top a bush
or cover o¹, having a conical hole fitting the top of the conical part f¹ of the
spindle for the purpose of forming an abutment for the flyer when it is
screwed on the spindle and carrying the bobbin tube round at the same time.
In Fig. 7 p represents a winder spindle and q¹ a washer or bobbin carrier
provided with my improved long boss r¹; the said boss works in the bush s'
placed in the ordinary rail, and the spindle and boss are held together by a
projection and notch t¹.
I may here remark that I do not confine myself to fixing the tubes and
conical collars to a rail, as they may be fastened to other kinds of fixings below
the lifting rail, and I also fasten the tubes and collars to the rails or fixings
by pins, set screws, or other mechanical contrivances. I have shewn the
conical part of the spindle near its top, and just above the traverse of the
Efting rail, but I do not confine myself to these exact positions so long as they
are above the traverse of the lifting rail.
In my Provisional Specification I stated that I make the long collars from

page_text: piping or tubing, with or without metal bushes or any of the usual packing
compositions, welded or otherwise fastened within the top of the long collar
tubing, made to fit the part of the spindle which works within it. I have
since found that these arrangements and contrivances are not new, and there-
fore I now disclaim their use, and do not include them in this my complete
Specification.
By making conical parts in the spindles of roving, intermediate, slubbing,
and throstle frames and doublers, and causing the conical parts to work in
conical bearings, any looseness arising from wear and tear can be easily reme-
died, and as the spindles are kept tight they have no tendency to wear unround,
even when the flyers are out of balance. In consequence of the spindle being
held near its top the highest speed can be retained for a much longer period
than with the ordinary spindles, and as the bearing parts of the spindle and
collar are not changed during the lifting of the bobbin rail the oil is retained
on the working surfaces, and consequently there is a saving of oil and power.
My improved mode of fastening the tubes in the bobbin or lifting rail by
means of nuts on the top of the rail, instead of on the bottom, prevents any
possibility of the tubes becoming loose and consequent injury to the flyers;
and in winding machines by extending the boss of the braid downwards through
the ordinary bush or collar in the rail I obtain both working surfaces from
polished cast-iron, and the surface of the braid on which the bobbin rests is
steadier that when a short bossed braid is used above the said bush or collar.
And also when the ordinary winder spindles are much worn after working in
the ordinary bushes or collars they are made equal to new when the long
bossed braids are applied to them.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood
that I claim,
First, in roving, intermediate, slubbing, throstle, and doubling frames
the employment of spindles having conical parts near their tops or above the
traverse of the lifting rail to act as bearings, and also the conical collars or
bearings screwed to or forming part of the tubes surrounding the spindles.
Secondly, the fixed bottom collar and parts connected with it as shewn in
Fig. 3 for acting as a stay to the bottom of the spindle, and acting as a foot-
step or auxiliary to the spindle footstep.
Thirdly, the method of fixing the long and short tubes which carry the
bobbin braids or wheels to the lifting rail, by a nut or nuts on the upper side
of the rail for preventing the tubes from becoming loose.
Fourthly, in winding machines I claim the plan of extending the boss of

page_text: the winder spindle braid through the frame rail or bush to act as a bearing
to the spindle and for steadying the surface of the braid on which the bobbin
rests, as all such improvements are herein described and illustrated in the
accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Sumner, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named William Sumner,
in the presence of
G. SEPTIMUS HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
W. SUMNER. (L.B.)