CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Dugdale, of the Soho Foundry, Blackburn,
in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker, for the Invention of
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 4th December 1860, and dated the 27th July 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Dugdale at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
27th July 1860.
I, EDWARD DUGDALE, of the Soho Foundry, Blackburn, in the County of
Lancaster, Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the shedding motion of looms, and it consists in
certain improved combinations of parts for imparting the requisite rotary
motion in contrary directions to the roller shaft to which the healds are
connected.
One mode of constructing my improvements is by means of a crank on the
tappet or other shaft of the loom acting on an internal tappet connected to a
rack which gears in a pinion on the roller shaft, consequently, as the crank
revolves, the rack moves to and fro, and the peculiar shape of the tappet
produces the requisite dwell in the opening and closing of the shed.
Another mode of constructing my improvements is in forming single or
[Price 8d.]

page_text: double grooves or the circumference of a cylinder, which grooves act on a
bowl in a lever made with a toothed segment gearing into a pinion attached
to the roller which is connected to the healds; the bowl is guided from one of
the double grooves to the other by a shunting point swivelling on a stud fixed
near the crossing of the grooves. In weaving four-leaved twills or other fancy
goods it may be requisite to employ two or more levers with segments, and
acted upon by additional grooves in the cylinder.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Dugdale in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
26th January 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
DUGDALE, of the Soho Foundry, Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster,
Machine Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Edward Dugdale, Her special licence that I, the said Edward
Dugdale, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as 1,
the said Edward Dugdale, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and law-
fully might make use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOKS FOR WEAVING," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edward Dugdale, my exc-
cutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next, and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Dugdale, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-

page_text: My Invention relates to the shedding motion of looms, and it consists in
certain improved combinations of parts for imparting the requisite rotary
motion in contrary directions to the roller shaft to which the healds are
connected, and the requisite dwell in the shed for the passage of the shuttle.
But in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect, I will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings,
reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 shews an elevation of the principal parts of a loom to which my
improvements are applied.
a is the crank shaft, and the tappet shaft, which extends from one side
frame to the other, as in looms of the ordinary construction; at or near the
centre of the tappet shaft is fixed the crank or lever c, in which is a stud for
the antifriction roller d; this roller, as the tappet shaft revolves, acts on the
internal tappet e, to which is cast or fixed the rack gearing into the pinion g'
which is cast with the heald rollers g. The tappet is made with two concentric
parts between the points e¹ and e, and when the roller d is passing from one
of these points to the other no motion is imparted to the rack, and con-
sequently a corresponding dwell is given to the shed, which is then open for
the passage of the shuttle; when the roller d is acting on the other parts of
the tappet the shed is being crossed; the roller is furnished with straps
connected to the lower staves of the healds, the upper staves being connected
to the top rollers in the usual manner. It is evident that by varying the
length between the points e and e, the amount of dwell can be varied to give
a greater or less dwell. The other parts of the loom are of the ordinary
construction.
Figure 2 is an end view, and Figure 3, a plan of another of my improved
shedding motions. In this case the shedding tappet i consists of a single
groove formed in the circumference of a cylinder which is keyed on the tappet
shaft b; in this groove works the roller mounted on a stud fixed in the
segment lever 1, which, as the grooved tappet j revolves, vibrates on a stud
fixed in a bracket attached to the framework of the loom. The groove in the
tappeti is made with two dwells, by which a corresponding dwell is obtained
in the motion of the segment lever 1, and consequently in the heald rollers,
which are turned round alternately in contrary directions by the bevel pinion m
gearing in the toothed segment of the lever 1. Figure 4 is an end view, and
Figure a plan of a modification of this part of my Invention applicable to
the weaving of four-leaved twills or other fancy goods. In this arrangement
a double tappet is employed having a double groove in each part; these
grooves impart the requisite vibrating motion to the segment levers and l',

page_text: each of which works a bevel pinion to which the heald rollers g and g³ are
cast or fixed. As it is requisite in this arrangement to shunt the rollers from
one part of the double groove to the other, I have applied at each crossing a
swivel point n jointed to a stud fixed in the tappet j. When the tappet is
revolving the position of the swivel point n is changed by its side coming
against the roller k, the swivel point thus closes the groove which before
was open for the passage of the roller, and opens the groove which had
been closed.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I declare that I claim.-
First, the improved combination of parts forming a shedding motion, as
shewn and described in reference to Figure 1, in which the tappet shaft passes
through the tappet, which can be made to give any required amount of dwell
to the healds.
Secondly, the improved shedding motion, shewn and described in reference
to Figures 2 and 3, and the grooved tappet j, by which the dwell can be
varied.
And lastly, the improved shedding motion, shewn and described in reference
to Figures 4 and 5, and the swivel point n, by which the roller is guided from
one groove of the tappet to the other.
In witness whereof, I. the said Edward Dugdale, have hereunto sel
my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
EDWARD DUGDALE. (L.S.)