A MACHINE FOR DOUBLING, TWISTING OR MAKING, REELING, AND SCANING WORSTED, THREAD, SILK, COTTON, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF SUCH KIND WHICH REQUIRED ONLY ONE PERSON TO WORK, MANAGE, AND DIRECT
Year: 1796

page_text: DAVID
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
DAVIDSON, of Peterhead, in the County of Aberdeen, in that part of Great
Britain called Scotland, Millwright, send greeting.
WHEREAS I, the said John Davidson, did, by my petition, humbly represent
to His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, that I had, by
long study, application, and great expence, invented and brought to perfection
"A MACHINE FOR DOUBLING, TWISTING OR MAKING, REELING, AND SCANING
WORSTED, THREAD, SILK, COTTON, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF SUCH KIND WHICH
REQUIRED ONLY ONE PERSON TO WORK, MANAGE, AND DIRECT;" and which said
works or manufactorys of doubling, twisting, reeling and scaning worsted,
thread, silk, cotton, and such like articles, had hitherto been performed or
effected by three separate machines, and requiring three or four persons to be
employed in and about the same; and which said machine, invented by me,
would be, as I apprehended, of great utility and benefit to the subjects of this
Kingdom. Wherefore, in regard I was the first and true inventor thereof, I
humbly prayed His said Majesty's Royal Letters Patent for the sole use and
benefit of the said Invention within that part of His said Majesty's Kingdom
of Great Britain called England, for the term of fourteen years, pursuant to
the Statute in that case made and provided; and His said Majesty being
willing to give encouragement to all arts and inventions that might be for the
public good, was graciously pleased to condescend to my request, and there-

page_text: fore granted me His Royal Letters l'atent, bearing dato at Westminster, the
Eighth day of November last, in which said recited Letters Patent is contained
a proviso obliging me, the said John Davidson, by writing under my hand and
scal, to cause a particular description of the nature of the said Invention to
be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within one calendar
month after the date of the said recitel Letters Patent, as in and by the said
Letters Patent and the Statute in that behalf made, relation being thereunto
respectively lad, may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, and in
pursuance of tho said Statuto, I, tho said John Davidson, do hereby declare
that the particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, is contained and explained in the
Plan and Drawing thereof hereunto annexed, and which Plan or Drawing is
explained and referred to in and by the the letters, words, and figures
following (that is to say):-
Figure 1 is a perspective view of the engine compleat. Figure 2 is a per-
spective view of the engine without the spindle frame and driver wheel,
showing the whole of the principal frame. Figure 3 is a representation of the
driver wheel and frame. Figure 4 is a representation of the counter wheel
and bearer. Figuro 5 is a representation of the spindle frame compleat.
Figure 6 is a representation of a spindle. Figure 7 is a representation of a
collett. Figure 8 is a representation of the ground plan, shewing the frame
and wheels. Figure 9, the yarn doubling. A, the principal frame. 1, the
driver frame. C, the counting wheel bearer. D, the principal drum. E,
the second drum. F, the fly drum. G, the fly wheel. H, the bearer frame.
I, the spindle-frame shifting way. J, tho reel. K, the drum wheel. L, the
sun wheel. M, the counter wheel. N, the guard wheel. O, the guard
sprent. P, the guard-sprent stock. Q, the striking sprent. R, the counter.
S, the striking power. T, the pivot screws. U, the third temper scrow and
nut. V, the discharger. W, the driver wheel. X, the driver pivot. Y, the
handle. Z, the crank whcel. a, the spindle fraine. b, the band. c, tho
bobbins. d, tho threads twisting. c, the first direction eyes. f, second
direction eyes. 7, third direction eyes. h, the doubling spindle. i, the band
rumers., the twisting spindles. 1, the spindle pots. m, the spindle colletts.
71, the collett bolts. o, fourth temper screw nut. p, fourth temper screw.
y, fourth temper screw bolt. r, the perpendicular axle pivots. s, the per-
pendicular axle pots. t, the reel shifting ways. , the first temper screw;
v, the second temper screw. , the screw box. 3, the collett cases., tho
reel keys & the centre screw. Nota bene, the same letters refer to the same

page_text: parts in all the Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. The driver, two feet diameter
over the train draughts, thirty-six powers; the principal drum, four feet
diameter over the train draughts, seventy-two powers; the second drum, two
fect diameter over the powers, seventy-two powers; fly wheel, three inches
diameter over the train draughts, nine powers; fly drum one foot diameter;
the twisting band runners five eighths of an inch diameter; doubling band
runner one inch diameter; drum wheel, four inches diameter over the train
draughts, twelve powers; sun wheel, one foot diameter over the powers, thirty-
six powers; counter wheel, five inches diameter over the powers, fifteen
powers; the guard wheel, three inches diameter over the powers, fifteen powers;
the crank wheel, one foot diameter over the train draughts, eighteen powers.
By a larger drum wheel with more powers the twist is reduced, and by a
smaller with fewer powers the twist is augmented; and by a larger counter
wheel with more powers the number of threads in the scane is augmented, and
by a smaller with fewer powers the number of threads in the scane is reduced.
When the counter wheel is changed, so is the guard wheel, as they have an
equal number of powers, and the same number of threads comes to be in the
scane as the number of powers in them; and after changing the drum wheel
by untwisting the first and second temper screws, the sun wheel shifts to fit
the drum wheel; and after this being done, or after the counter wheel being
changed, or after both being changed, by untwisting the third temper screw
nut, the counter wheel bearer shifts to let the counter and counter wheel
powers fit each other; and by untwisting the fourth temper screw nut, the
spindle frame shifts to slacken or streighten the band.
To perform the work, put a hank of single yarn on the discharger, then
take as many single ends from the hank as are wanted lys in the
thread, having empty bobbins on all the spindles, fix the said ends to
the bobbin on the doubling spindle, then by the handle set the machine
a-going and fill that bobbin; then take it off the spindle, and an empty
bobbin off one of the twisting spindles, and put the full bobbin on the
twisting spindle, and the empty one on the doubling spindle, and so go on
untill all the twisting spindles have full bobbins; then take all the ends of
the doubled untwisted threads from the twisting bobbins and spindles, and put
them through the direction eyes and fix them to the reel, and having as many
empty bobbins as full ones, the doubling spindle upholds the twisting spindles
of doubled yarn. And I do also declare that the driver may be reduced or
enlarged, that the second drum may be reduced or enlarged, and that the fly
drum may be reduced or enlarged, in order to increase or decrease the velocity
of the spindles. And lastly, I do hereby declare that the machine or Invention,

page_text: as represented by Figure 1, is the representation of the machine constructed
to be worked by the turning of the wheel W by the hand; but that letter
is the representation of a wheel so conected with the machine, that thereby
(the handle Y being taken off) the said machine may be worked by machinery
for turning wheels, by the power of horses, or by water, or steam, or any other
power made and constructed to set in motion the said crank wheel.
In witness whereof; 1, tho said John Davidson, have horeunto set my
hand and seal, the Eighth day of Decomber, in tho thirty-seventh
year of the reign of His said most Excellent Majesty King Georgo
the Third, and in the year of our Lord One thousand seven hundred
and ninety-six.
Inrolled the Eighth day of December, in the year of our Lord Ono
thousand seven hundred and ninety-six.