Improvements in Incubators.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Dec., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 5th Sept., 1900-- Accepted, 7th Dec., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Incubators.
I, JULES DERVILLES, of Virzilles (Isère), France, Registrar, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The respiration of the embryos of the eggs of birds etc., in the course of
incubation, like that originating with animals, produces fluids which are ferment-
able and ptomaic, and, should the fermentation of these fluids result in the
alkaloidic matter, which is secreted, being introduced into the heating chamber,
displays properties of a highly deleterious and toxic nature, which poison the
embryos.
In order that such fermentation may not occur and, at the same time, that
any cause of desiccation may be avoided, it is necessary that the condensation
of vapours on the surface of the walls of the heating chamber should be rendered
impossible, as such condensation produces humidity, a necessary factor in all
cases of putrid fermentation. This impossibility is ensured by means of this
novel hatching apparatus forming the subject of this invention, in which the
system of artificial incubation consists in the incubating apparatus being heated
from the outside towards the interior, so that it is entirely surrounded by the
heat produced, in order that the walls of the heating apparatus may emit heat from
all points above the eggs, an essential condition in connection with incubation.
This essential condition is realised by the new hatching apparatus which com-
prises two heating chambers one within the other, all connection between them
other than the narrow part of the chimney being avoided, and a bottom which
is supported above the ground by legs or feet.
The larger and external chamber contains a suitable heating arrangement and
the smaller and internal chamber, which is furnished with a ventilating chimney
traversing the heating chamber and terminating on the outside, contains the eggs
to be incubated.
The heating may be effected by means of hot water, hot air, or in any other
manner, but it is indespensable that the heating arrangement should be such
that the mean temperature shall not exceed that of the walls of the interior
compartment, which is the case in this apparatus. It follows that the surfaces
in contact with the air of the incubating or heating chamber cannot cause a
condensation of the vapours in suspension within this area or centre, which is
thus rendered imputrescible.
F. W. GOLBY,
Patent Agent, 36, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: I, JULES DERVILLES, of Virzilles (Isère); France, Registrar, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement;-
--
The respiration of the embryos of the eggs of birds, etc., in the course of
incubation, like that originating with animals, produces fluids which are ferment-
able and ptomaic, and, should the fermentation of these fluids result in the
alkaloidie matter, which is secreted, being introduced into the heating chamber,
properties of a highly deleterious and toxic nature are developed which poison
the embryos.
In order that such fermentation may, not occur..
r. and, at the same time, that
any cause of desication may be avoided, it is necessary that the condensation
of vapours on the surface of the walls of the heating chamber should be rendered
impossible, as such condensation produces humidity, a necessary factor in all
cases of putrid fermentation. This impossibility is ensured by means of the
novel hatching apparatus forming the subject of this invention, in which the
system of artificial incubation consists in the incubating apparatus being heated
from the outside towards the interior, so that it is entirely surrounded by the
heat produced, in order that the walls of the heating apparatus may emit heat from
all points above the eggs, an essential condition in connection with incubation.
This essential condition is realised by the new hatching apparatus, which com-
prises two heating chambers one within the other, all connection between them,
other than the narrow part of the chimney being avoided, and a bottom which
is supported above the ground by legs or feet.
The larger and external chamber contains a suitable heating arrangement and
the smaller and internal chamber, which is furnished with a ventilating chimney
traversing the heating chamber and terminating on the outside,. contains the eggs
to be incubated.
The heating may be effected by means of hot water, hot air, or in any other
manner, but it is indispensible that the heating arrangement should be such
that the mean temperature shall not exceed that of the walls of the interior
compartment, which is the case in this apparatus. It follows that the surfaces
in contact with the air of the incubating, or heating chamber, cannot cause a
condensation of the vapours in suspension within this area or centre, which is
thus rendered imputrescible.
In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a vertical section of the apparatus, and
Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional detail of the heat regulating device.
A represents the external heating chamber,
B the internal heating chamber,
C the ventilating chimney,
D the source of heat,
E the movable bottom,
F the handle for the moveable bottom,
Ga passage for allowing the simultaneous entry of external air and escape
of carbonic acid gas,
H the feet or legs on which the apparatus is supported, and
K the free space between the two chambers necessary for diffusing the heat.
The moveable bottom E of the internal chamber B is held automatically against
the annular bottom of the external chamber A by counterweights h³ suspended
by cords g¹ passing over pulleys h² arranged at the top of the apparatus. These

page_text: cords are fixed at g to the movable bottom E mentioned above, which serves as
a support for the slide (or drawer) E¹ on which the eggs which are being incubated
are placed.
As already stated the heating of the apparatus is effected by the circulation
of hot air, steam or hot water. The element employed is heated in a receptacle b
from which branches off the coil 7 fixed against the side of the external chamber A.
In this coil the element employed circulates, this circulation being automatically
regulated by means of a suitable regulator.
The regulator shown by way of example in Fig. 2 comprises an oscillating
plate or disc h with a counterweight h¹ held on a rod m oscillating at m¹.
This oscillating plate or disc h is intended to allow the current of heat to pass
freely from its source D to the receptacle 6 or to deviate; it is actuated by a
rod p the position of which can be regulated, and in which rod p a needle or
hand n is engaged, the movement of which needle or hand n determines the
going into or coming out of the oscillating plate or disc h that is to say
the superposition at the source of heat.
The needle or hand n is controlled by a small metallic tube o which is very
flexible and turned spirally; this tube o moreover branches off at the point
where the coil 7 begins and by dilating carries along the needle or hand n as
explained.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. Apparatus for the incubation of the eggs of birds, and eggs of silkworms,
in which the heating of the incubating chamber is effected from the outside towards
the interior, so that the incubating chamber is surrounded by the heat produced,
in order that the walls of such heating chamber may emit the heat, necessary for
incubation, from all points above the eggs, substantially as described.
2. An incubator having two heating chambers, the one containing the other
substantially as described above and illustrated by way of example in the accom-
panying drawing.
Dated this 5th day of September 1900
F. W. GOLBY,
Patent Agent, 36, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.