Improvements in Window Sashes, Frames, and Fittings.
Year: 1894

page_text: Improvements in Window Sashes, Frames, and Fittings.
THOMAS JONES Architect 8 Church Street Aberavon JOHN CHARLES JONES
Provision Merchant 8 Church Street Aberavon do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
The prime object is the construction of both sides of the sash frame to receive
hangers with metal racks fixed in grooves wrought in hangers side edges and the
same are to gear in the teeth of pinion wheels projecting from the sash balances
which are fixed into the side stiles of the sash frame at a central distance from the
top and bottom pieces forming the said sash frames and on the reverse side of the
bangers plow grooves is wrought out to receive projecting ledges for entering into
corresponding grooves wrought out with back side stile forming the top and bottom
sash parts to form a weather tight joint between them and in constructing the
sash frames the ordinary sash ways are made deeper to receive the hangers instead
of the side stiles of the sashes, and the hangers are to be retained in their gear and
sliding position by metal plates fastened with wood screws to the edge sides of the
outside, inside, aud central stop pieces forming the said hangers ways.
And the sashes are pivoted to the said hangers with removeable pivoting pin
butt hinges and are to open inward and will be raised and lowered for ventilation
by the hangers and butt hinges. And when the window sashes are constructed in
two parts in the width as well as in length, the said arrangement
to be fixed on
both sides of the sash frames, but when constructed in one piece in the width then
the suspending arrangement is only required on one side of the sash frame.
In the edge sides of the off side rails of the sash parts top and bottom plough
grooves are wrought out to match counter plough grooves wrought out in two
Scantling pieces of the same length as the sash parts side stiles, and these pieces
are fixed to the side stile of the sash frame closing side and into the lower half of
the groove in the piece against the bottom sash stile a tongue piece is fixed and
into the upper half plough groove in the bottom sash stile another tongue peice is
fixed, and both ends of these pieces will butt each other in the plough groove when
the window is closed, and when this bottom sash part is raised for ventilation and
the top tongue piece will guide it until it is free of the plough groove in the fixed
side piece and this sash part can now be opened as a casement, and the top sash
part being lowered semulteneous with the bottom part being raised and provided
with a similar arrangement as the bottom part, is now in the right position to be
opened as a casement and the outside face of the glass can be cleaned without the
use of a ladder.
And I propose improvements in the construction of the sash balance, the
principle being the same as described in my Specification drawings Patent
A.D. 1866 No. 3264 Fig. 7 and Fig. 5. I propose now to balance the windows
with four cog wheels on two spindles in one balance frame and two cog racks each
spindle will carry two cog wheels and in diamiter one wheel will be larger than the
other on each spindle and the cogs of the two smaller wheels are to gear into each
other, and the cogs of the two larger wheels will project through apertures in the
face plate of balance frame so as to gear into the two cog racks fastened on the
back side of the hangers, and the sash parts top and botton are now pivoted to
the hangers with butt hinges will balance each other by being raised and lowered
for ventilation.

page_text: Fig. 9, the same are cast integral with the side plates, and 30 Fig. 8 and 10, is a
stop plate cast integral with the face plate, and will bear against the dividing fence
plate 40 fixed on the boxes walls to prevent the coiled springs from shifting side-
ways against the pinion wheels, and 35 Fig. 8 and 9 shows one end of locking
bar in its open position, and 22 same figure is a draw bar shown in its unlocked
position, pivoted to locking bar at 41.
The dotted lines do show it as when locked after the springs are coiled up to the
power required to suspend and balance the mule carrier hangers and window
sashes.
34 is a gap space.
And apertures is made in the face plate 5 Fig. 8 for pinion wheels and draw bar
to project through, and 43 same figure are apertures for wood screws to pass
through to fasten it in its fixed position, and apertures 26 Fig. 8 and 10 are for
the bearing ends of the spindles of pinion wheels to rotate in. The same are cast
integral with said wheels.
And 29, Fig. 8. 9 and 10 are projecting plates cast integral with side plates for
the clock springs to rest on and be clear of the rotating action of the central
pinion wheels when the mule carrier hangers are raised and lowered. And the
clock spring 32 Fig. 9 is for suspending and balancing the mule carrier hanger
that the hinged top sash part is attached too, is placed in the box of side plate
Fig. 10.
And the other clock spring for suspending and balancing the mule carrier
hanger that the bottom sash part is attached to is placed in the box of the other
side plate 24, Fig. 8.
And when this is done one end of the pinion wheel spindles can be placed into
their respective bearing apertures in the side plates. And the central coiled end of
springs are hooked on to hooks 42 fixed in the spindles 31 Fig. 9 of the pinion
wheels, and their looped ends are secured to framing by screw pins 33 passing
through from one side plate to the other, and the side plates with the mechanical
fittings before refered to are fastened to face plate 5 Fig. 9 as refered to before,
the balance is now complete and ready for fixing as shown at 5 fig. 11.
And in operation the cog rack 12 Fig. 12 are attached to the mule carrier hangers,
are geared to pinion wheels 14 projecting through face plate of sash balance
Fig. 11 and are retained in their balanced and sliding position with metal guide
plate and the sash parts top and bottom are provided with butt hinges and are
fastened with wood screws to the mule carrier hangers as shown by Fig. 18 the
same having been raised, lowered, and sustained open at any required distance by
the sash balance.
And when the sash parts are required to be opened as casements, they are to be
raised and lowered sufficiently for the plow grooves Fig. 16 made on this side in the
side stiles of the sashes are free of the guide tongue pieces 10 Fig. 15, when this is
done they can be swung open as represented.
And the sash fastener Fig. 3 is constructed as follows. The bottom plate I
Fig. 3 and the side plates 3 Fig. 2 are to be cast integrally, and four apertures is
made in the bottom plate to pass wood screw through for fastening, the right side
plate is not shown on Fig. 3 side section so as to expose to view its inside section
of the lever 4, pivoted at 5 having a curved hook 6 at one end and the knob 7 at
the other end, and 9 is the projecting block piece that carries the friction wheel 10
that runs on spring 11 and are integrally cast in one piece 12 is the catch plate.
13 is aperture to receive to receive the hook fastener 6 when closed. And is secure
in this position by the friction wheel resting on and pressed by the spring. And to
open the fastener the lever is raised up by its knob untill it is in a vertical position as
shown by the dotted lines, and the friction wheel will rest on its spring to the left
side of its pivoting pin and secure it in this position untill it is drawn down.
14 is a
transverse section of catch plate to be fastened on the top meeting rail of sashes
having no mullion bars.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that which we
claim is.
1. The construction of window sash frames to receive mule carrier hangers
spring power sash balances and corrugated racks substantially as shown and
described.
2. The construction and section of carrier hangers to receive corrugated cog
racks and metal bearing plates, substantially as shown and described.
3. The metal guide plates for retaining the carrier haugers in their balanced and
sliding position substantially as shown and described.
4. The pivoting of the sashes to the carrier hangers to open inwards as
casements substantially as set forth and described.
5. The spring power sash balance as now constructed and substantially set forth
and described.
6. The tongue pieces 10 Fig. 15 and plough grooves Fig. 16 substantially as
shown and described.
7. The stop rebate 9 Fig. 7 substantially as shown and described.
8. The central wrought out groove 21 in bars Fig. 19 substantially as shown and
described.
9. The fixing of fretwork in the outside wrought groove 21 of any design besides
design 22 Fig. 17 substantially as shown and described.
10. The construction of sash fastener having a lever with a hook at one end for
securely fastening window sashes substantially as set forth and described.
THOMAS JONES.
JOHN CHARLES JONES.