Improvements in or relating to Hydro-carbon Circular Wick Lamps and Burners.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 17th June, 1899
Complete Specification Left, 19th Mar., 1900-Accepted, 26th May, 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Hydro-carbon Circular Wick Lamps
and Burners.
We, HENRY DARBY, of 249, Pentonville Road, London, N.W., Manufacturer,
and WILLIAM CHARLES PUNCHARD, of 151, Cannon Street, in the City of London,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object improvements in or relating to hydro-carbon
circular wick lamps and burners; by which novel and striking effects are, pro-
duced the flame having very much the appearance of the present well-known
incandescent gas burner with mantle, although no mantle is used or intended to
be used with the present invention and by this invention an incandescent-like
mantle-less oil lamp is produced.
The present invention is as follows:-
On any suitable hydro-carbon reservoir (either of the well-known central or
non-central description) is mounted a circular wick burner with central air supply
and with the usual or any suitable means for raising and lowering said wick
the latter being mounted between the usual or any suitable circular wick tubes
(advantageously rather long wick tubes) a suitable basket being provided sur-
rounding said wick tubes said basket being advantageously of a cylindrical form
arranged concentrically with respect to said wick tubes one of the objects of this
special form of basket being for the purpose of enabling the adaptation and use
of this oil lamp with the various fittings (gallery, chimney, globe; etc.) of the
well-known incandescent gas burners at present in use or the like or similar
fittings. To the upper part of this basket we affix a circular hood or cone advan-
tageously rather shallow in depth and of or about the same diameter as that of
the cylindrical basket while the diameter of the opening through the top of said
hood corresponds or thereabouts to the diameter of the wick-this hood extend-
ing from a point below the top of the wick tubes up to a point some little dis-
tance above the top of the tubes (say about three-quarters of an inch or more
or less above the top of the wick tubes).
Inside this hood advantageously at a point just at or below the level of the top
of the wick tubes an annular flange may be provided or the hood itself may be
set in or so formed at or about such point as to thereby only leave a certain
annular clearance or space between the exterior of the wick tubes and the inside
of said hood or the inside edge of the flange (of said hood) when the latter is used
so that only a regulated supply of air is enabled to pass up this annular space to
the exterior of the circular flame on to which same impinges or is directed by
reason of the conicity of the hood. On the exterior of the hood is mounted the
gallery for holding the aforesaid straight chimney said gallery being advantage-
ously arranged so as not to extend above the top of said hood that is so as not
to obstruct the light produced-such gallery being adapted to receive a straight
glass tube chimney or other straight chimney the bottom end of which latter
thus fits quite closely around the exterior of the hood.
Thus according to the present invention a straight chimney is used instead of a
bulged chimney or chimney with contracted neck as heretofore ordinarily used
in circular wick oil burners.
Exteriorly to this chimney gallery and either fixed or removeable a second

page_text: gallery may be arranged (if desired) of rather larger diameter and adapted to
receive and hold therein any suitable globe or shade or shade ring or mount
therefor.
Thus the whole of the parts exterior of the wick tubes are formed of very
narrow diameter and are very compact and thus enable the use of the fittings
of the aforesaid well-known type.
The aforesaid annular space or opening between the. inside wall of the hood
and the outside wall of wick tubes is of sufficient size to allow an ample supply
of air to the exterior of the flame and if desired as a further means of checking
or regulating the air passing therethrough in addition to the basket any suit-
able gauze or other restrictor may be arranged inside the aforesaid basket.
Within the inner wick tube is or may be arranged and mounted a suitable
restrictor or means to regulate the central draught passing up said central open-
ing to the interior of the flame such restrictor according to this invention being
advantageously in the form of a cone tapering upwards the lower (i.e. the larger)
end of said cone being adapted to fit more or less accurately in this central open-
ing and tapering inwards as same extends upwardly and terminating or not in
a cylindrical (perforated) part; at the upper end of this perforated conical device
same may either be expanded or provided with a disc or a flange or other flame
expander" adapted to tend to spread the flame outwards-the position of this
expander being substantially on a level or thereabouts with the top of the hood.
66
Or instead of mounting said expander directly on a perforated cone as aforesaid
said conical or other restrictor may be separate (and arranged lower down in
the wick tube) and the expander supported in any suitable manner such for
instance as a central pillar in the aforesaid position riz.: at or about the same
horizontal plane as the top edge of the hood that is either combined with or
independent of the restrictor.
Thus it will be seen. that in this burner with straight chimney air can only
obtain access to the interior of said chimney through the said basket and thence
either through the interior of the wick tube or through the annular. space
between the exterior of the wick tube and the inside of the hood as aforesaid; and
if desired a series of holes may be provided in the lower part of the hood leading
to the interior of the aforesaid straight chimney at or near the bottom of the
latter.
Thus by the present invention a circular flame is produced in a hydro-carbon
lamp which assumes the same or a very similar shape and appearance to the
appearance and shape of the well-known incandescent gas burner with mantle,
intense light being produced with great economy of consumption of oil; further
advantages being that said light can be regulated i.c. can be turned down, the
lamp burns without smell even when turned down, while the container or oil
reservoir always keeps cool.
Improvements in or relating to Hydro-carbon Circular Wick Lamps
and Burners.
We, HENRY DARBY, of 249, Pentonville Road, London, N.W., Manufacturer,
and WILLIAM CHARLES PENCHARD, of 151; Cannon Street, in the City of London,

page_text: Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention has for its object improvements in or relating to hydro-carbon
circular wick lamps and burners; the light produced being of great brilliancy
with economy of consumption of oil while novel and striking effects are produced
the flame having very much the appearance of the present well-known incan-
descent gas burner with mantle, although no mantle is used or intended to be
used with the present invention; and by this invention an incandescent-like
mantle-less oil lamp is thus produced.
Referring to the accompanying drawings in which the present invention is
illustrated:
Fig. 1 is a view in elevation of a circular wick hydro-carbon burner partly in
section.
Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken through the diameter of said circular
wick oil burner.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of said burner.
Fig. 4 is a separate view of the central cone of restrictor for use in the central
air passage of said oil burner.
Fig. 5 is similar view to Fig. 2-only showing a modified form of construction
and arrangement of the central cone or restrictor cone H with the button or flame
spreader H2 fixed thereon.
65
Fig. 6 shows another modification of the central cone and flame "spreader"
thereon and Fig. 7.still another.
Fig. 8 is a view in elevation of a complete lamp constructed according to the
present invention with an ornamental openwork external restrictor B instead
of the wire gauze restrictor B shown in Fig. 1.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout:
A is the lower part of the circular burner having screw-threaded part A¹
adapted to screw into any suitable oil reservoir of the ordinary or any suitable
type such for instance as the oil reservoir X shown in Fig. 8-or this lower part
of the burner may be mounted upon or secured to the reservoir in any suitable
manner other than by screwing if desired.
A is an upwardly extending screw-thread on the part A adapted to have
screwed thereonto the circular collar B₁ on which latter is mounted or secured the
cylindrically shaped exterior restrictor B of wire gauze, (or same may be an
ornamental open-work restrictor B of cylindrical shape shown in Fig. 8) to
the upper part of which open-work or gauze B is attached the collar B which
latter carries the chimney gallery C together with the circular hood 1) as shown
in Figs. 1 and 2 between the outside of which hood D and the gallery C is carried
an ordinary straight-through (i.e. cylindrical) chiminey Z of glass or other suitable.
material.
The aforesaid part A may be formed, either so as to be suitable for use with
the well-known central draught through the reservoir X, or with the well-known
form of wick tube illustrated in the drawings-namely the outer and inner
circular wick tubes E and have the aperture Y formed through same so as to
allow an ample supply of air to pass up the centre of said wick tubes and these
said circular wick tubes E and F are mounted and secured rigidly on the upper
side of the aforesaid part A of the burner.
G is circular inwardly projecting flange carried on the inside of the upper
collar B3 so as to thus limit the size of the annular space between same and the
outside of the upper part of the outer wick tube E.
Within the inner wick tube is arranged and mounted a suitable restrictor H
or means to regulate the central draught passing up the inside of the inner wick
tube F to the interior of the flame: such restrictor H may be constructed either
as shown in Figs. 2 and 4 or in Figs. 5 or 6 or 7-but describing firstly the
construction shown in Figs. 2 and 4 the lowermost part thereof is adapted to fit

page_text: closely inside the wick tube F and rest on a ledge F¹ inside said tube F, and then
said restrictor His formed tapered and perforated at H¹ and at the upper part
thereof is closed by the cap or cover H2 and if desired the upper part of said
device H may be expanded or provided with a disc or a flange such as H or other
flame "expander" adapted to tend to spread the flame outwards. In Fig. 5, the
restrictor cone H¹ has the button or flame spreader H2 on the apex of said cone.
In Fig. 6 the restrictor is a truncated cone H' with the spreader H2 carried on
a movable central vertical post H³; and Fig. 7 is similar arrangement with said
vertical post H fixed. In all cases this spreader H2 of the restrictor H is to be
brought into a position on a level with the top edge of the hood D or just below
same or thereabouts.
Thus a regulated and restricted amount of air can, pass up to the exterior of
the flame and also a regulated and restricted amount of air can pass to the
interior of the circular oil flame; the first-named air supply through the annular
passage a being controlled by the flange G, and the second-named air supply
through the central passage 6 being controlled by the "restrictor" H.
I is the circular wick in the wick tubes E and F; and J is ordinary "wick
raiser" for raising and lowering the wick in any well-known or suitable manner.
Exteriorly of the chimney gallery C-and either fixed or removable-a second
gallery (not shown) may be arranged if desired of rather larger diameter and
adapted to receive and hold therein any suitable globe or shade or shade ring or
mount therefor.
Thus the said parts exterior of the wick tubes E and F are formed cylindrical
of very narrow diameter and are very compact and enable the use therewith of
the fittings (gallery and globe, chimney etc.) of the aforesaid well-known type of
incandescent gas burners with mantle.
An important and essential part of the present invention consists in the arrange-
ment and disposition of the various parts relatively to one another; and especially
the arrangement of the hood D) relatively to the wick tubes E and F, the said
hood D extending to a point considerably above the top of the wick I in the
wick tubes E and F; and the position of the spreader H2 relatively to the top
edge of the hood is also an important feature and also the regulated air supply to
the exterior and to the interior of the flame respectively, and also the relative
position of the flange G with respect to the top of the wick tubes and its distance
from the exterior of said tube E.
The aforesaid annular space or opening between the inside wall of the hood and
the outside wall of the wick tubes is of sufficient size to allow an ample supply
of air to the exterior of the flame and if desired in addition to the basket for
checking or regulating the air passing to the exterior of the flame any suitable
gauze or other suitable restrictor (not shown) may be arranged in the annular
passage a i.e. inside the aforesaid basket or gauze B.
Also instead of mounting said expander H* directly on a perforated cone or
device such as HH' shown in Fig. 2--said restrictor or device such as HH' may
be made separately and arranged lower down in the wick tube F as shown in
Fig. 5 and the expander H2 may be supported in any suitable manner (for
instance on a central post H³) in the aforesaid position, namely at or about the
same horizontal plane as the top edge of the hood D, and centrally therein and
either combined with or independent of the restrictor HH'.
Thus it will be seen that, in this burner with straight chimney, air can only
obtain access to the interior of said chimney through the said basket B.and
thence is directed partly through the interior of the wick tube i.e. through the
passage 6 and partly through the annular space or passage a as aforesaid; and
if desired a series of holes D* may be provided in the lower part of the hood D
some of said holes D leading to the interior of the aforesaid straight chimney Z.
at or near the bottom of the latter and between same and the outside of the
hood D and some leading to the exterior of said chimney Z-the object of these
holes D being mainly to keep the burner cool.

page_text: Thus by the present invention a circular flame is produced in a hydro-carbon
lamp which assumes the same or a very similar shape and appearance to the
appearance and shape of the well-known incandescent gas burner with mantle
(as indicated in dotted lines at W in Figs. 2, 5, and 8) intense light being pro-
duced with great economy of consumption of oil; further advantages being that
said light can be regulated i.c. can be turned down whereupon the lamp will burn
without smell even when turned down quite low; while the container or oil
reservoir X always keeps cool.
By forming the chimney Z of perfectly clear glass from the bottom thereof up
to the line V-V (see Figs. 2, 5, and 8) or thereabouts, and then forming said
chimney Z semi-transparent or translucent or even opaque above line V-V
thereby the aforesaid imitation incandescent-like appearance is heightened since
the topmost part of the flame W is hidden by the said non-transparent part of the
chimney Z.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that
we claim is;-
1. A circular wick oil burner consisting of the combination with circular wick
tubes of a hood concentrically mounted around the upper part of the wick tubes
and extending above the top of the latter, an annular flange extending hori-
zontally inwards from the inside of said hood above the exterior air inlet
restrictor but below the top of the wick tubes to regulate the air supply to the
exterior of the flame, and a restrictor in the central air passage to regulate the
air supply to the interior of the flame, substantially as and for the purposes
hereinbefore set forth.
2. A circular wick oil burner consisting of the combination with circular wick
tubes of a hood concentrically mounted around the upper part of the wick tubes
and tapering inwardly above the top edge of said wick tubes, an annular flange
extending horizontally inwards from the inside of said hood above the exterior
air inlet restrictor but below the top of the wick tubes to regulate the air supply
to the exterior of the flame, a restrictor in the central air passage to regulate the
air supply to the interior of the flame, and a flame "spreader" centrally located
at or near the level of the top of the hood substantially as and for the purposes
hereinbefore set forth.
3. The combination of a straight-through cylindrical chimney, with a circular
wick oil burner having a hood D extending above the top of the wick tubes, an
exterior restrictor such as B acting in conjunction with an annular inwardly pro-
jecting flange G arranged below the top of the wick tubes to regulate the supply.
of air to the exterior of the flame, and an interior restrictor such as HH¹ to
regulate the air supply to the interior of the flame substantially as and for the
purposes described and illustrated in the drawings hereunto annexed.
4. The combination of a straight-through cylindrical chimney, with a circular
wick oil burner having a hood D extending above the top of the wick tubes, an
exterior restrictor B acting in conjunction with an annular inwardly projecting
flange G arranged below the top of the wick tubes to regulate the supply of air
to the exterior of the flame, and a restrictor such as H to regulate the air supply
to the interior of the flame acting in conjunction with a flame spreader H2
centrally located at or near the level of the top of the hood D, substantially as
and for the purposes described and as illustrated in the drawings hereunto
annexed.
66
1000
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
Birkbeck Bank Chambers, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.