Year: 1886

page_text: 1 JAMES BANNEHR of Budleigh Salterton in the County of Devon, Sanitarian do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention is continuous in its action and has for its object the interception
and desiccation of the suspended matter in sewage and other water as well as the
treatment and further purification of the effluent water-The separated sludge is
reduced to a solid containing valuable properties and may be used as a manure.
The process is carried on in enclosed tanks or chambers in order to avoid the
pollution of the external atmosphere.
The apparatus consists firstly of a channel connected with the sewer fitted with
a coarse sieve to intercept the floating matters-The sewage then flows on to a
specially arranged straining apparatus, lying at an angle, constructed of fine gauze
and having a rapidly reciprocating frame near to its upper or outlet side formed of
triangular blades or bars which have the effect of keeping the gauze clear by the
impact of the water. The separated matter is thus precipitated into a chamber
formed in the bottom of the channel fitted with a sliding cover and pistons scrapers
or other suitable apparatus for removing the sludge to a desiccating chamber where
it receives an admicture of charcoal or other deodorant.
The desiccating chamber is fitted with revolving endless chains and scrapers or
other suitable apparatus for spreading the sludge-The bottom is heated and a
current of hot air is forced through the entire length of the chamber for taking up
the moisture from the sludge and then passing to a cooling apparatus in which the
moisture is condensed. Such condensed water may in some cases be utilized for
vegetative purposes. The same air is repeatedly reheated and used over again, or
it may be led to the closed ash pit of a suitable furnace.
The desiccating chamber is in duplicate so that one is in operation while the
desiccated matter is being emptied from the other.
The effluent water is further purified by passing into a tank provided with a
number of filters capable of being successively replenished and consisting of double
perforated cylinders or frames containing specially prepared charcoal or other
purifying material, the purified water passing through discharge pipes in the
centre of each filter.
The before mentioned appliances and processes are also applicable to the inter-
ception and treatment of the polluting matters of water in rivers.

page_text: Improvements in the Method of Treating Sewage and other
Polluted Waters.
I JAMES BANNEHR of 53 and 54 Chancery Lane London in the County of
Middlesex Sanitarian do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
The suspended matters in sewage or polluted waters operated upon is reduced to
a solid containing valuable properties which may be used as a manure.
I carry on the process in closed tanks or chambers in order to avoid polluting
the external atmosphere.
The apparatus consists firstly of a chaunel connected with the sewer or other
outlet, fitted with a coarse sieve or strainer to intercept the floating matters.
The sewage or other polluted water then flows on to a specially arranged
straining apparatus lying at an angle constructed of fine gauze and having a
rapidly reciprocating frame near the upper or outlet side formed of triangular
blades or bars which have the effect of opening and keeping the meshes of the
gauze clear by the impact of the water.
The separated matter thus precipitated falls into a chamber or well formed in
the bottom of the channel, the accumulated matters or sludge being periodically
enclosed by a sliding cover from whence it is removed by a sliding block or piston
which forces it through a channel fitted with a sluice valve and reversing valve
to the higher end of one of two desiccating chambers through a pipe slotted the
entire length, such slotted opening being covered when necessary by a sliding
cover worked from the outside of the desiccator-Such slotted pipe has a moveable
plug or piston capable of being passed from end to end to ensure an equal
distribution of the sludge through the slotted opening. Contiguous to the last
named pipe is a semicircular pipe or trough which may be filled with powdered
charcoal or deodorant outside the desiccating chamber and thrust through a
suitable opening in the side thereof and then canted over to allow such deodorant
to blend with each charge of sludge.
The desiccating chamber is placed on an incline in order to allow of an even
distribution of the sludge by means of gravitation. It is fitted with a moveable
cover, and has revolving endless chains on each side which carry chain ends,
toothed rakes, or scrapers in order to keep the sludge constantly stirred up and
evenly distributed during the operation of desiccation. Or in place of such endless
chains or in combination therewith I use perforated pipes through which air is
forced from the bottom of the mass of sludge.
At the bottom of the desiccating chamber is a casing for heating by steam or
hot air.
A current of air heated in a suitable apparatus is forced through the entire
length of the chamber for taking up moisture from the sludge, which current thus
charged with moisture passes through an aperture in the upper end of the chamber
into a suitable cooling apparatus where it is deprived of the water that had been
held in suspension while in the heated state, which condensed water may if desired

page_text: be conveyed away and used manurially. The cooled air is again conveyed to the
heating apparatus and again used for taking up moisture, again cooled and so
repeatedly re-used; or a portion of such moistened air may be conveyed to the
closed ash pit of a suitable furnace and fresh air substituted.
The desiccating chamber is in duplicate so that one is in operation while the
desiccated sludge is being removed from the other.
I place over the desiccating chambers a suitable derrick or crane for the purpose
of lifting the chains or scrapers and moveable cover from the desiccating chambers
for the purpose of removing the desiccated sludge.
The effluent water from the first named process is further purified by passing.
into a tank provided with a number of moveable filters formed of double cages
of wire gauze or other suitable material having the space between the inner and
outer casing filled with granules of carbonized saw dust or other specially prepared
deodorant this space is larger at one end than the other so as to allow the
contents to be emptied at the larger end. The smaller end of such cages is closed
with a disc which has an opening in its centre surrounded by an elastic fitting in
order that the cage may be placed to surround a vertical discharge pipe passing
through the bottom of the containing tank. The discharge pipes are provided with
a telescopic arrangement at the top for regulating the overflow and for stopping it
altogether when the filter is removed for a fresh charge of filtering medium. The
cages can be removed in succession without stopping the operation. The water
passing away by the discharge pipes is conveyed away to its ultimate destination.
In applying this invention to the treatment of running water in rivers, I place
the before described appliances on board floating vaccale of suitable sanat

page_text: toothed rakes or scrapers suspended from continuous chains running over pullies at
each end of the chamber (B) one of which pullies and shafts is capable of being
lifted in its bearings (in order to give room for taking away the desiccated deposited
matter) and driven by suitable gearing from the outside for the purpose of spreading
and stirring the sludge during the process of desiccation--(q) (9) is a series of
perforated pipes placed at the bottom of the chamber, which can be used either as
an alternative or auxiliary to the chain ends and scrapers or toothed rakes for the
purpose of forcing air through the mass, the cross pipes being capable of being
lifted to a vertical position to allow of the clearing out of the chamber-(r) is a
heating chamber of suitable construction for heating the air which is passed at
considerable pressure by means of a suitable blower through the pipe (8) which air
being distributed by suitable balke plates throughout the chamber passes down
the pipe (t) into the cooling chamber (u) where the moisture is condensed from it,
and from which it either returns to the chamber (r) by the pipe (w) or to the
closed ash pit of a furnace, the condensed water in such air cooling chamber being
occasionally drawn off and used for manurial purposes if desired-(v) is a jacket at
the bottom of chamber (B) having inlet and exhaust pipes for heating by means of
steam or hot air.
(C) is the tank in which the secondary process of filtration is carried on. It is
provided with a number of moveable filters (x) having double sides formed of
wire gauze or other suitable perforated material, the space between the sides being
filled with carbonized saw dust or other specially prepared filtering medium or
deodorant, this space being tapered towards the bottom to facilitate the renewal
of the filtering medium-the lower end is provided with a disc (y) fitting closely
round the discharge pipe (2) but capable of sliding over it when the filter is
removed for renovation-The discharge can be regulated or stopped by means of
the telescopic tube (a) which can be raised when the filter is withdrawn for
renovation (61) is a chamber into which the purified water is discharged and from
whence it proceeds to its ultimate destination through the pipe (c¹).
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention
and in what manner it is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :
In the first place separating the bulk of suspended matter from sewage or other
polluted waters by the means before described.
Secondly, the dessicating those intercepted matters in close chambers by the
means described.
Thirdly Circulating, cooling and reheating the air.
Fourthly The further purifying the effluent water from the first process by
passing through the cage filters before described.
Fifthly Applying all or any of the processes and apparatus before described in
treating polluted running waters in rivers.
Dated this first day of October 1886.