Improvements in Type-writing Machines.
Year: 1891

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Type-writing Machines.
We, BENJAMIN MORGAN STEELE, Manufacturer, and WILLIAM HENRY
MILLER, Manufacturer both of the City of Peoria, in the County of Peoria,
State of Illinois, United States of America, do hereby solemnly declare the nature
of this invention, for "IMPROVEMENT IN TYPE-WRITING MACHINES," and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer
tained in and by the following statement :-
The present invention has more particularly for its objects, first, to provide an
improved construction of feed mechanism whereby the necessary movements of the
paper to be printed can be effected, and, second, to provide improved mechanism
whereby the inking of the type shall be effected. These objects of invention we
have accomplished by the novel mechanism hereinafter described, illustrated in the
accompanying drawings, and particularly defined in the claims at the end of this
Specification.
Figure 1 is a view in side clevation of a type-writing machine having my invention
applied thereto, parts being shown in vertical section.
Fig. 2 is a plan view, parts being broken away for the purpose of better
illustration.
Fig. 3 is a view in vertical transverse section on line 3-3 of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a view in vertical longitudinal section on line 4-4 of Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail, partly in side clevation and partly in section, of a
portion of one of our improved type-bars.
Fig. 6 is a perspective view showing more particularly the mechanism whereby
the line-feed of the paper-carrying roll is to be effected.
Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6, but showing the parts in different positions.
Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the ink-pad and its connections.
Fig. 9 is a view in rear elevation of a portion of the machine.
Fig. 10 is a view in section on line 10-10 of Fig. 9, looking in the direction of
the arrow.
Fig. 11 is a view similar to Fig. 10, but showing certain of the parts in different
positions.
Fig. 12 is a view in horizontal section on line 12-12 of Fig. 9, looking in the
direction of the arrow.
Fig. 13 is a detail view, partly in side elevation and partly in vertical section,
through the releasing-rod, whereby certain of the parts that control the line-feed
are disengaged.
Fig. 14 is a detail view in vertical section through one of the carriage bearings
and the back rod of the machine.
Fig. 15 is a view similar to Fig. 12, but showing attachments whereby the feed
mechanism may be caused to operate the usual feed of an inking-ribbon.
Fig. 16 is an cnd view of the construction shown in Fig. 15.
For convenience of description the improved construction of type-holders and
mechanism for inking the type will be first set forth.
A designates the base portion of the main frame of the machine resting upon a
suitable base-board a.
A denotes the top plate of the machine, and A2 and A³ denote, respectively, the
front and back standards, whereby the top and base portions of the frame are
connected together.
The frame of the machine before described is substantially that of an ordinary

page_text: 3:
Remington machine; but this frame may be varied in a variety of ways
according to the character of the machines upon which my improvements are
applied.
My invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, as applied to a machine
having key-lovers similar in character to the Remington or "Caligraph" machines,
whereby the operation of the type-bars C is effected. These key-levers Bare
pivoted at the rear of the machine in manner well understood in the art, their
forward ends being provided with finger-plates or keys & designating the character
or characters that will be printed by the operation of any individual key-lever of
the machine. Each of the key-levers B is connected by a rod 2, of usual con-
struction, with the short angular end of the type-bar C, this bar being pivoted, as
at e, in suitable bearings or brackets, and the bearings or brackets as well under-
stood, of the various type-bars being arranged in circular form, so that the bars
shall present their types in printing at a common centre.
In the accompanying drawings we have illustrated only two type-bars, but it will
be understood that these bars will be employed in any desired number and will be
provided with any suitable character of types.
Each of the type-bars C has pivoted to its free end, as at c', a shifting type-
holder C, and by preference the body of the type-bar C is formed with the sides
between which the holder C is pivoted, and with a back, that serves to connect the
sides, and serve also by contact with the holder C¹ to limit the movement of this
type-holder. (See Fig. 5.) The normal position of the type-holders C¹ is that in
which the type are presented with their faces downward in position to be inked, as
will presently appear; but each of the type-holders is provided with means whereby
the holder will be shifted when the type-bar is operated so as to present the face of
the type in proper position to make its impression upon the paper d, that is carried
by a suitable platen or roller D. Preferably, we provide for the shifting of the
type-holders by employing for each type-holder a projection or extension C³,
connected or formed in piece with the holder, and extending therefrom in such
manner that, as the type-bars are operated, the extension will strike or contact withi
a suitable bar or plate to effect the shifting of the type-holder from its normal
position to the proper position for printing. In order to permit the free movement
of the extensions C the back plate c², of each of the type-bars, is cut away,
as at c³.
The precise construction of the type-holder C and its extension C² may be
varied widely without departing from my invention; but we have found in practice
the construction shown to be an advantageous one. Each of the extensions C² of
the type-holders is preferably curved, as shown, and at a point just beneath the
platen d of the machine is placed a suitable type-shifting bar E, having an annular
portion E, with which the extensions C² of the type-holders will contact in order
to cause the shifting of the holders to the proper position for printing. The
shifting-bar E may be conveniently bolted, as at e, to the top A' of the machine
(see Fig. 2) the annular portion E of the bar extending beneath and around the
point or common centre at which all the type strike.
From the foregoing construction it will be seen that when any one of the type-
levers B is depressed it will cause the corresponding type-bar C to be shifted, as
seen in Fig. 4, thereby carrying upward the type-holder until the extension C
of this holder contacts with the annular portion E of the shifting-bar E. This
contact of the projection C of the type-holder with the annular portion E of the
type-shifting bar will cause the type-holder to turn about its pivot-point c' until its
type is presented into position to print upon the paper that is carried by the
platen D. The type-bar C, illustrated at the left-hand side of Fig. 4 of the
drawings, shows the position occupied by the type-bar when its key-lever is in
depressed condition. When either of the key-levers is released after having been
struck by the operator, the lever will be drawn upward to its normal position, as
will presently more fully appear, and by the same operation the corresponding
type-bar C will be forced downward to the position shown by the type-bar at the

page_text: right-hand side of Fig. 4 of the drawings. As this type-bar C moves downward it
will strike a suitable buffer-ring F, preferably furnished with a cushion f. and the
type-holder C and the extension C will be turned to the position shown. The
buffer-ring is connected by suitable arms with a ring F, that is bolted to
the top plate of the machine; or obviously this buffer-ring may be held to the
frame of the machine in any other convenient manner. The cushion is employed
to lessen the shock and noise incident to the striking of the type-bars C against the
buffer-ring F.
In order to effect the inking of the type, we prefer to employ the mechanism
next to be described. At a slight distance below the type is held an ink-pad G,
this pad in the construction shown being of circular shape, although obviously the
shape of the pad may be varied to correspond with any desired arrangement of the
type-bars. (See Figs. 1, 4 and 8.) The upper face of the pad G will have suitable
ink applied thereto, so that when the pad is moved into contact with the faces of
the type carried by the type-holders C the type will be inked.
In order to enable the pad G to be readily brought into contact with the face of
the type, we prefer to mount this pad on suitable levers G¹, that are carried by
dependent arms or brackets G2, that are connected together at their lower ends by
the rod y, whereon the levers are fixed, so that the levers G' shall move in unison.
The upper ends of these bars or brackets G will be conveniently bolted to any
convenient fixed part of the structure. The pad G is preferably connected with
one end of each of the levers (by means of a pivoted link and a rod g²,
extending from such link to the pad. The opposite ends the levers G¹ arc
connected by rods g³ with the levers H of the space-bar H', this space-bar extend-
ing preferably across the front of the machine and having its levers H pivoted at
the rear of the machine in the usual manner.
From the foregoing description it will be seen that each time the space-bar H¹ is
operated to effect the necessary space between words, the downward movement of
the side bars or levers H of the space-bar will through the medium of the rods g³,
the levers G', links g' and rod 92 cause the ink-pad G to be raised until it
contacts with the face of the types, and hence an inking of the types will be
effected after each word is printed.
It is obvious that other means may be employed for operating the ink-pad G;
but we prefer to connect this ink-pad with the space-bar, because an inking of the
type between each word will be found sufficient in practice, and the additional
power necessary to cause the raising of the ink-pad will be found very slight.
The paper-carriage feed mechanism of our improved construction will next be
described. The paper-carriage is shown as of the type commonly employed in the
Remington machine-that is to say, the carriage consists of a frame having side
bars KK, front bar K³, and rear bar K³, there being journalled between the side
bars KK the paper-carrying roll or platen D, the presser-roll D₁, and suitable
pulleys, whereby the rinner bands or tapes d³ will be carried in manner well
understood in the art. (See Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4.) In front of the roller or
platen D will extend the guide-plate D, and at the rear of the platen or roller will
be employed the usual paper-carrying plate D³. From the rear bar K³ of the
paper-carriage depend the arms or extensions 10, that encircle the back-rod L of
the machine, this back rod being of the usual construction that is to say, with its
surface partially round and partially polygonal, and upon the upper surface of the
back rod L will travel the friction-rollers 11, that are journalled to the rear bar K³
of the carriage. The back rod L is journalled within suitable bearings 1, and upon
this back rod is placed the usual adjustable stop or plate L' whereby the length
of the lines will be determined. Upon the sleeves 12, that encircle the back
rod and set within the openings in the arms or extensions 10, are journalled the
annular portions 13 of the arms 14 of the plate 15, that serve to carry the rack-
bar M, this plate 15 being provided with the usual slot 16 and set-screw 17, so that
by the adjustment of the set-screw 17 to any desired point within the slot the set-
screw can be caused to contact with the stop-plate 18, that rises from the top plate

page_text: ·
of the machine, and thus arrest at any desired point the forward movement of the
paper-carriage to determine the length of the lines, and can also cause the tripping
of the bell-rod I to ring the bell in the usual manner. With this rack-bar M
will engage a pinion M³, that is mounted upon a shaft m journalled within suitable
depending portions of the top plate A¹ of the machine frame. Upon the outer end
of the shaft m is fixed a ratchet-wheel m', with which will engage a pivoted check-
pawl m², to guard against the accidental movement of the ratchet-wheel, and with
which will engage also the feed-pawl N, that is preferably of spring metal and has
its lower end attached to the rocking bar n. A suitable guard-strip 15, attached
to the back part of the top plate of the machine, may be employed to prevent the
accidental displacement of the feed-pawl N. (See Fig. 9.) The rocking barn
bas preferably cast in piece therewith a shaft n', that is journalled in the inwardly
projecting arms o of a bracket 0, that is bolted to the under side of the top
plate A of the main frame, or the shaft n' may be formed separate from and
attached to the rocking bar n. (See Figs. 9 to 12.) Upon this shaft n' of the
rocking bar is fixed a sleeve 17, with which will engage one end of a coiled
spring 18, that is wound upon the shaft, the opposite end of this spring being
connected to a cross-bar 19 of the bracket O. The purpose of this coiled spring is
to draw downward the back end of the rocking barn and the feed-pawl N, that is
pivotally connected thereto. The inner end of the rocking bar n is attached, as
at 20, to the cross-bar n², (see Figs. 3, 10, 11, and 12) that extends from side to
side of the machine, and from the outer ends of this bar ² lead the rods 21, that
connect the bar with the usual letter-space bar N. (See Fig. 3.) This letter-
space bar N extends transversely beneath all the key-levers 13, and by reason of
the force of the coiled spring 18 is held firmly against the bottom edges of the
key-levers and aids in lifting these levers after each depression, since as well
understood, the depression of any key-lever serves to produce a corresponding
depression of the letter-space bar N'. Hence it will be seen that when any one of
the key-levers is depressed the downward movement of the letter-space bar N¹
will cause the rocking of the bar n and will cause the lifting of the feed-pawl N,
and when the lever so depressed is released, the coiled spring 18" will cause a
reverse movement of the rocking-bar n and a downward movement of the feed-
pawl N, so that a partial revolution will be imparted to the ratchet-wheel m' and
through the shaft m to the pinion M' and rack-bar M. Hence it will be seen that
at each movement of the space-bar incident to the depression of any of the keys,
a corresponding advance of the paper-carriage will be effected. It is thus obvious
that the advance of the paper-carriage will be effected until it is desired to move
backward the carriage to begin a new line of printing, and in order to throw the
rack-bar M out of engagement with the pinion M', the throw-off mechanism next to
be described is employed.
Upon the shaft of the rocking bar n is loosely journalled the lever 25, that
carries at its rear end the throw-off rod 26, pivotally connected thereto, and
extending upward to a point beneath the bottom edge of the bar 15, that sustains
the rack-bar. (See Figs. 10 and 11.) The front end of this throw-off lever 25
has connected thereto a transverse rod 27, to the outer ends of which are connected
the rods 28, the lower ends of each of these rods being pivotally attached to a back
trip lever R, that is pivoted at its rear end after the manner of the usual key-
levers and is provided with a striking-plate or trip-key R' at its front end, as more
particularly shown in Figs. 1 and 3 of the drawings. One of these back trip
levers R may be employed at each side of the machine. We regard the con-
struction shown, however, as the more satisfactory one. From this construction it
will be seen that when the back trip lever R is operated by the depression of its
key R', it will cause the rocking of the throw-off lever 25, and as the rear end of
this lever moves upward, the throw-off rod 26 will strike against the bottom edge
of the bar 15 and will cause this bar to swing about its pivot-points and raise the
rack-bar M away from the pinion M', and will thus permit the paper-carriage to be
drawn backward. In order to draw the paper-carriage backward, we prefer to

page_text: employ a weight or weights S, (see Figs. 1, 2, and 3) suspended by a cord s, that
is trained over a suitable pulley s' and is connected with the paper-carriage at a
convenient point-for example, to the bracket S, that depends from the rear
bar Kto a point below the back bar L of the machine. (See Fig. 3.) The
weight S must be heavy enough to draw backward the paper-carriage after the
throw-off rod has been operated to raise the rack-bar M out of engagement with
the pinion M', and we have shown small additional weights upon the main weight S,
so that the total weight can be varied to suit the wishes of the operator of the
machine. The weights are carried within a suitable cylinder St at one end of the
machine, and this cylinder may be detachably connected, as by brackets S', to
the frame of the machine so as to permit the weights to be varied, or the cylinder
can be provided with a suitable opening to enable the weights to be inserted and
withdrawn. The spring 18, whereby the rocking of the arm and the downward
movement of the feed-pawl N are effected (see Figs. 9, 10, 11 and 12) must exert
greater power than the weight or weights S, so that when any key or the space-bar
has been depressed, to cause the lifting of the feed-pawl N in manner before
described, the spring 18, when restoring the feed-pawl N to its normally depressed
condition, will cause this pawl to engage with and impart a partial revolution to
the ratchet-wheel m', which in turn will cause a partial revolution of the pinion M³,
sufficient to advance the rack-bar M the distance of one space against the force of
the weight or weights S. These weights will thus be lifted at each advance of the
paper-carriage until the end of the line or other point is reached, where it is
desired to begin a new line, when by the depression of the back-trip key R₁, the
rack-bar will be thrown out of engagement with the pinion M', and the weights by
their gravity will withdraw the carriage to the starting-point. It is thus manifest
that with my improved construction it is not necessary for the operator to draw
backward the carriage at the end of each line; but is only necessary for him to
depress the back trip key R', when the weights operate to restore the carriage to
the starting-point. After the back trip key is thus operated to lift the rack-bar,
such bar will be held in elevated position (by means hereinafter described) until
the carriage reaches the starting-point. The advantage of such construction will
be recognized by any one familiar with the operation of this class of machine.
It is obvious that instead of the weights A a suitable spring might be employed:
but we regard the weights as preferable, as they insure a uniform tension upon the
paper-carriage throughout its travel.
As it is sometimes desired to move backward the paper-carriage a short distance-
for example, to correct a misprinted letter or supply an omission-we prefer to
employ, in addition to the back trip lever of my above described construction, a
throw-off key or lever T, (see Figs. 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7) that connects with or is formed
in piece with one of the arins 14 of the bar 15, that carries the rack-bar M, so that
by depressing the key or lever T the bar 15 will be raised and will lift the rack-
bar M out of engagement with the pinion M' in the same manner that in the well-
known Remington machine the operation of a similar key or lever T serves to lift
the rack-bar of such machine out of engagement with its escapement-pawls.
In order to effect a partial revolution of the paper-carrying platen or cylinder D
sufficient to advance the paper the proper distance to form the space between the
lines of printing, we provide the mechanism next to be described, reference being
more particularly had to Figs. 2, 3, 6 and 7 of the drawings. To one end of the
cylinder D is fixed the ratchet-wheel D' with which will engage a check-pawl, of
usual construction. With this ratchet-wheel D' engages the end 40 of the line-feed
pawl W, this pawl having its rear end pivoted as at 41, to the angular pawl-operating
bar or lever W, that is pivoted, as at 42, (see Figs. 1 and 2) to the lug 43, beneath
the side bar K of the paper-carriage frame: The rear portion of the angular pawl-
operating bar W is provided, preferably, with an arm 45 and with an inwardly and
rearwardly extending catch-arm 46, this catch-arm having preferably an inclined
face (see Figs. 6 and 7) to better engage with the inclined hook end 50 of the
catch-bar V, the annular portion of which is pivoted upon the sleeve 12 and the

page_text: back bar L. A spring 60, having one end attached to the rear bar K³ of the carriage,
(see Figs. 2 and 3) bears upon the catch arm V, and serves to temporarily hold
this arm in engagement with the catch end 46 of the pawl-operating bar Wagainst
the force of a spring 62, that is fixed to one of the side bars of the paper-carriage,
and bears with its free end upon a stud 63, that rises from the pawl-operating
bar W, and tends to draw the catch-arm 46 of such bar away from the catch_V.
(See Fig. 7.) To the rear of the annular part of the catch-arm V is affixed a
bar 70, which extends from side to side of the paper-carriage and is connected
to a ring 71, that fits upon one of the sleeves 12 on the back bar L, so that when
this bar 70 is moved downward it will, by reason of its connection with the catch V,
cause this catch to be lifted, so that its hook end 50 shall pass from engagement
with the catch-arm 46 of the pawl-operating, bar W When the catch V and
arm 46 are thus disengaged, the spring 62 will swing the pawl-operating bar W' to
the position seen in Fig. 7 of the drawings. Hence when the catch V and arm 46
have been thus disengaged and the paper-carriage is drawn backward by the
weights S to begin a new line of printing, the arm 46 will contact with the adjust-
able stop L' and the back rod L, and will be forced by this stop into engagement
again with the hooked end 50 of the catch V. (See Fig. 6.) As the bar Wis
thus moved by reason of the contact of its catch-arm 46 with the stop L', this
bar will be swung about its pivot-point against the force of the spring 62 in such
manner as to cause a forward movement of the line-feed pawl W, and as the end 40
of this pawl is in engagement with the ratchet-wheel D' it is obvious that a partial
revolution of the paper-carrying platen D will be effected. The extent of this
partial revolution will be sufficient to produce the desired space between the lines
of printing.
:
In order to effect the disengagement of the catch V from the catch-arın 46, 50
that the pawl-operating bar W can be moved backward to the position seen in
Fig. 7, so as to withdraw the pawl W to the proper position for making a new
advance of the ratchet-wheel D, I provide a releasing-bar X, the preferred form
of which is illustrated in Fig. 13 of the drawings. This releasing-bar X preferably
has its lower portion a provided with a sleeve, adapted to carry a coiled spring 80
and to receive the lower end of the upper section of the releasing bar, through
which passes a pin 81, that works within slots 82 of the sleeve, so that the upper
secton of the releasing bar can move with respect to the lower section. The upper
section of the releasing-bar is provided with an angular end 84, that extends
over the bar 70, (see Figs. 2, 10, and 11) while the lower end of the lower section .:
of the releasing-bar is connected to the transverse rod 27, to which rod is also
connected, as already explained, the rear end of the throw-off lever 25.
From the foregoing description, it will be plain that when the end of a line is
reached, or a new line is to be begun, the operator will depress the back trip key R',
and through the medium of the back trip lever R the rods 28, the transverse rod or
bar 27 will be drawn downwardly, and this downward movement of the bar 27 will
cause a corresponding downward movement of the releasing rod X, and the end 84
of this rod will draw downward the bar 70, and consequently will cause the catch V
to be raised out of engagement with the catch-arm 46 of the line-feed pawl-operating
bar W. The same movement, therefore, of the back trip lever which serves to
raise the rack-bar M out of engagement with the pinion M', and permit the weights S
to draw the carriage backward to begin a new line also effects the disengagement
of the catch V from the arm 46, and allows the spring 62, through the medium of
the bar W, to move this bar W₁ and the line-feed pawl W into such position that
as the carriage reaches the points to begin a new line of printing the line-feed
pawl W will be forced forward, so as to advance the paper the proper distance for
the new line of printing.
We have already stated in describing how the throw-off rod is eperated to raise
the rack-bar out of engagement with the pinion that when the rack-bar is raised by
such rod it will be held in raised position until the paper-carriage is fully retracted
to begin a new line of printing. By reference to Figs. 2, 6, 7 and 11, it will be

page_text: seen that when the rack-bar is raised and the catch V is released, as before described,
(see Figs. 7 and 11,) the arm 45 of the lever W will pass between the throw-off
lever and the side bar K of the paper carriage. Inasmuch as the throw-off'
lever T is connected so as to rock with the rack-bar and the back rod L, it is
obvious that so long as the arm 45 is thus between the throw-off lever T and side.
bar of the paper-carriage the throw-off lever cannot resume its normal position, but
must remain depressed, and consequently hold the rack-bar lifted until at the end
of the backward movement of the paper-carriage the arm 45 strikes the stop plate 1,
and is thereby forced from between the shoulder of the throw-off lever T and the
side bar K of the paper-carriage. When the arm 45 has been thus forced back-
ward and into engagement with the catch V, the throw-off lever T will cease to
dog or hold the rack-bar in its lifted position, but will permit it to re-engage with
its advancing mechanism.
My purpose in forming the releasing-bar X with the spring-seated upper portion
is to permit the depression of this upper portion of the bar in case it should be
found desirable to turn upward the paper-carriage to inspect the writing at a time
when the rollers 11 at the back of the carriage are above such bar, since if the
rod X were rigid and incapable of depression the bearings of the rollers 11 would
be apt to contact against the upper end of such rod and prevent the complete
uplifting of the paper-carriage.
As it is frequently desirable to revolve the plate or paper-cylinder D backward,
we have provided the line-feed pawl W with a finger-piece W2, whereby the pawl W
may be depressed out of engagement with the ratchet wheel D. The pawl W
extends above the usual scale strip or bar Y, that reaches from side to side of the
paper-carriage beneath the platen or cylinder D, and this scale strip may be
provided with an upwardly-extending guard-plate 90 (see Fig. 1) to better prevent
the accidental disengagement of the pawl W from its ratchet-wheel D. If, there-
fore, it is desired to move backward the cylinder or platen D, it is only necessary
to depress the finger-piece W2 until the end 40 of the pawl W is thrown out of
engagement with the ratchet-wheel D', after which the wheel may be freely turned
in either direction by the hand of the operator. This depression of the pawl W
will be readily permitted by reason of the elasticity of the material of which the
parts are formed.
The above-described improvements in feed mechanism whereby the advancement
and retraction of the paper-carriage can be effected can be used not merely in
connection with my improvements in inking mechanism above described, but can
be used also in connection with a variety of machines in which ink-ribbons are
employed, instead of a direct inking of the type. Thus, for example, in Figs. 15
and 16, of the drawings is illustrated how my improved feed mechanism may be
employed in connection with a machine in which an ink-ribbon is used, and it
is illustrated also how the step-by-step advancement can be imparted to the ink-
ribbon feed mechanism from the paper-carriage feed mechanism.
When our
improved feed mechanism is to be used with such type of machine it is necessary
merely to attach to one side of the bracket at the rear of the machine an
extension 100, to which will be pivotally connected a rocking arm 101, that carries
at its inner end a pawl 102 that is pressed normally into engagement with the
ratchet-wheel 103 of the usual ink-ribbon feed mechanism-such, for example, as
is employed on the well-known Remington machine. The pawl 102 is pressed into
engagement with the ratchet-wheel 103 by a suitable spring 104, and the outer or
rear end of the pawl-bar 101 is connected by a rod 105 with the rear portion of the
rocking arm n, by which the operation of the feed-pawl N is effected, as in manner
hereinbefore described. Consequently it is manifest that at each operation of the
space mechanism a corresponding step-by-step movement will be given to the
ratchet-wheel 103 by which the movement of the ink-ribbon rollers will be con-
trolled. It will be understood also that certain features of both our improved feed
mechanism and my improved type-inking mechanism may be employed without

page_text: their adoption as an entirety, and that the details of construction above set out
may be varied within wide limits without departing from the spirit of invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is―
1. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with suitable adjunctive devices,
of a type-bar provided at its free end with a movable type-holder pivoted to the type-
bar so as to swing in the direction of its length, and a suitable contact-piece adapted
to strike said holder when the type-bar is operated to move the type into position
for printing, substantially as described.
2. In type-writing machines, the combination, with suitable adjunctive devices,
of a type-bar provided at its free end with a type-holder pivoted to the type-bar
so as to swing in the direction of its length, having a free extension, and a suitable
shifting-bar adapted to contact with said extension to shift the type-holder, sub-
stantially as described.
3. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with suitable adjunctive
devices, of a type-bar having its free end pivoted to the type, so as to swing in the
direction of its length, and a shifting-bar located beneath the platen of the machine
and adapted to contact with and shift the type-holder, substantially as described.
4. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with suitable adjunctive devices,
of a series of type-bars arranged to present their types at a common printing-
point, movable type-holders attached to the free ends of said bars, and a shifting-
bar having a contact portion arranged to be struck by cach of said type-holders
in order to shift said holders, substantially as described.
5. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with suitable adjunctive devices,
of a type-bar C, provided with a type-holder C, pivoted thereto and having an
extension C², and a shifting-bar E, with which said extension will contact, sub-
stantially as described.
6. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with suitable type-bars provided
with movable type-holders, of an ink-pad movably sustained and suitable lever
mechanism for forcing said ink-pad against the types, substantially as described.
7. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with suitable type-bars provided
with movable type-holders and type, of an ink-pad movably sustained and adapted
to be forced against said type, suitable feed mechanism for the paper-carriage,
suitable devices for operating said feed mechanism, and suitable connection between
the devices that operate the feed mechanism and the ink-pad, whereby the movement
of said pad will be effected, substantially as described.
8. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a series of suitable pivoted
type-bars and type adapted to strike at a common center, of a movably-sustained
ink-pad located beneath said type-bars, suitably-pivoted levers for sustaining said
ink-pad, operating levers connected with said pivoted levers, and suitable means for
moving said operating-levers to cause the ink-pad to be forced against the type,
substantially as described.
9. In a type-writing machine, the combination of suitable type-bars provided
with type-holders movably mounted with respect to said type-bars and an ink-pad
located beneath said type-holders and adapted to ink the type thereof, substantially
as described.
10. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with an annular series of type-
bars provided with type, of an annular ink-pad located beneath said type-bars, said
ink-pad being movably sustained, and suitable means connecting said ink-pad with
the space mechanism for forcing the annular ink-pad bodily against the entire
series of the type-bars, substantially as described.
11. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with suitable type-bars and
type, of a vertically-movable ink-pad suitably connected with the space-bar by
which the space between the words is effected, substantially as described.

page_text: 12. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a paper-carriage, provided
with a pivoted rack-bar and suitable means for advancing said rack-bar to move
the paper-carriage, of a throw-off rod for lifting said pivoted rack-bar out of
engagement with its advancing mechanism and suitable dogging mechanism for
automatically holding said pivoted rack-bar in elevated position during its backward
movement, substantially as described.
13. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a paper-carriage provided
with a rack-bar, a pinion engaging said rack-bar to move the paper-carriage, a
throw-off rod for disengaging said rack-bar from its pinion, a rocking bar con-
nected to said throw-off bar, and a pivoted key-lever connected with said rocking
bar, substantially as described.
14. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with the paper-carriage provided
with the paper-carrying roll having a ratchet and feed-pawl sustained by said
carriage, for rotating the paper-carrying roll, a pivoted lever for operating said
pawl, a catch for engaging said lever to hold the pawl, and a releasing device for
throwing said catch out of engagement with said lever, and a suitable stop adapted
to contact with said lever when released to effect the partial rotation of the paper-
carrying roll, substantially as described.
15. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with the paper carriage provided
with a paper carrying roll having a ratchet and a feed-pawl for operating said
roll, of a pivoted lever for operating said pawl, a catch for engagement with said
pivoted lever, a releasing bar connected with said catch, a releasing-rod for engage-
ment with said releasing-bar, and a suitable lever connected with said releasing-rod,
whereby it may be operated, substantially as described.
16. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with the paper-carriage provided
with a rack-bar and a paper-carrying roll having a ratchet and a feed-pawl for
operating said roll, of a pivoted lever for operating said pawl, a catch for engage-
ment with said pivoted lever, a releasing-bar connected with said catch, a releasing-
rod for engagement with said releasing-bar, a suitable lever connected with said
releasing-rod, and a throw-off rod for effecting the disengagement of the rack-bar
from its advancing mechanism, said throw-off rod being also connected with the
lever that operates the releasing-rod, substantially as described.
17. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with the paper-carriage provided
with a rack-bar and a paper-carrying roll having a ratchet and a feed-pawl for
operating said roll, of a pivoted lever for operating said pawl, a catch for engage-
ment with said pivoted lever, a releasing-bar connected with said catch, a releasing-
rod for engagement with said releasing-bar, and a suitable lever connected with
said releasing-rod, whereby it may be operated, said releasing-rod having its upper
end yielding, whereby it may be depressed, substantially as described.
18. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage provided
with a rack-bar and mechanism for advancing said rack-bar and having a paper-
carrying roll, a ratchet and a feed-pawl for rotating said roll, a suitable catch for
temporarily retaining said pawl in forward position, a releasing-bar for releasing
said catch, a releasing-rod for operating said releasing-bar, a throw-off rod for
lifting the rack-bar out of engagement with its advancing mechanism, and a lever
for simultaneously operating said releasing-rod and its throw-off' rod, substantially
as described.
Dated ho dove of Namml.
D 1001
HUGHES, SON & Co.,
38, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.