Improvements in Stoves or Heating Apparatus.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Sept., 1893-Accepted, 2nd Dec.,
1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Stoves or Heating Apparatus.
I, EDWARD FALES, of Winthrop, County of Suffolk. State of Massachusetts,
United States of America, Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to heating apparatuses, being especially applicable to hot
air furnaces, and has for its object to improve the construction of the combustion
chamber, whereby secondary combustion is produced, preventing the production of
black smoke, and permitting the use of bituminous or soft coal; and also to provide
novel air inlets whereby the air may be admitted in thin streams or jets which are
heated more or less, previous to entering the chamber, said inlets being so con-
structed as to effectually prevent the exit of the heated air; and also to provide a
novel form of grate, and shaking and dumping mechanism therefor.
In accordance with my invention a main combustion chamber of any suitable
size and shape is employed, and a secondary combustion chamber leads from said
main combustion chamber, preferably upwardly, which is made quite thin and of
suitable length or height, and preferably extending from end to end of the main
combustion chamber.
This thin secondary or smoke consuming chamber is or may be divided into
several vertical passages or flues.
The interior of the rear and top walls of the combustion chamber, either or both,
may be provided with guide passages, corresponding with the passages or flues in
the secondary combustion chamber, which direct the flame and products of com-
bustion to said secondary combustion chamber, and as the entrance or entrances
to said secondary combustion chamber are quite small, or contracted, they will
become filled or choked with the flame, and the heavy particles of coal will be
burned.
The interior of the top wall of the combustion chamber is also provided with a
series of parallel arranged guide passages for the air, said passages being arranged
alternately with relation to the guide passages upon the interior of said top wall.
The air inlets consist of thin flattened pipes rising vertically within the jacket
containing the combustion chambers, and arranged to deliver the air at their upper
ends adjacent to the top of the main combustion chamber.
The grate is composed of several sections, preferably normally occupying
different planes, and means are provided whereby one or more of the grated
sections may be bodily raised and lowered vertically, yet continually maintaining
its horizontal position, in contra-distinction to being rocked or tilted.
Reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1, shows a vertical section of a heating apparatus embodying this
invention.
and
T
Figure 2, a perspective view of the heating apparatus shown in Figure 1.
Figure 3, a plan view of the apparatus shown in Figure 2.
Figures 4 and 5, are sectional details to be referred to.
Figure 6, a perspective view of the grate removed.
Figure 7, a transverse section of the grate shown in Figure 6, taken on line x―x,
Figure 8, a vertical section of the grate shown in Figure 1, taken on line y-y

page_text: Corresponding letters of reference indicate similar parts throughout the drawings.
The main combustion chamber a, of suitable shape, but herein shown as
rectangular, has projecting upwardly from one side of it a secondary combustion
chamber a, extending from end to end of the main combustion chamber, and
made quite thin so as to afford a very narrow or contracted passage through it.
Several ribs 50, are formed integral with or secured to the rear wall of the main
combustion chamber, arranged in parallelism and extending vertically to the top of
the main combustion chamber, and continuing also to the top of the secondary
combustion chamber. The spaces between the ribs 50, present unobstructed flues
or vents for the upward passage of the flame and products of combustion. Yet I
have found in practice that these ribs may be omitted.
The underside of the top wall of the main combustion chamber a is also provided
transversely with a series of parallel arranged recesses a', closed at one end, as at
the front, and opening at the opposite or rear end into the vertical secondary
combustion chamber.
The transverse recesses a¹, correspond in number and position to the spaces
between the ribs 50, and serve to direct the flame and products of combustion to
the secondary combustion chamber, and the walls of said recesses becoming very
hot also serve as secondary combustion chambers, burning the black end or head
of the flame, and other unconsumed substances.
The transverse recesses may increase in depth toward the rear end, as repre-
sented by the dotted line 70, Figure 4, thereby augmenting secondary combustion.
A drum herein shown as a rectangular box like structure is supported upon or
above the secondary combustion chamber a², communicating therewith.
Another similar drum c is located beside the drum b which is connected therewith
by short pipes c', and the smoke pipe d leads from said drum c.
The drums b, c, are each provided with an opening at the front end, supplied with
a door, whereby the soot may be withdrawn.
If the said drums are omitted, the smoke pipe will be connected directly with
the secondary combustion chamber a³.
A jacket e encloses the main combustion chamber a, together with the secondary
combustion chamber a³, and also the drums b-c, as well as the air inlet pipes to be
described.
This jacket may be made of any suitable shape and construction and provided at
its top with flues e¹ for the exit of the hot air.
By forming transverse recesses a¹ upon the inner side of the top wall of the
combustion chamber, and by casting said top wall of substantially the same
thickness of material, transverse recesses a 10, are formed upon the upper side of
said wall thereby increasing the heating surface.
These recesses may be extended down upon either side of the combustion
chamber for a short distance.
For the introduction of the air I have provided several vertical pipes f,
arranging them at suitable distances apart at each side of the combustion chamber,
and within the jacket.
The passages through these pipes are made quite narrow and of such a length
that the air enters the hot air chamber in thin streams or jets, at a point adjacent
to the top of the main combustion chamber, becoming partially heated during its
passage through the said pipes, the lower ends of said pipes open through the
bottom of the jacket, and are connected with any suitable air supply in any
desirable way.
The partially heated air upon entering the chamber is then reheated, or
additionally heated, by the radiating heat from the main and secondary combustion
chambers.
I have found that by providing vertical pipes having narrow openings for intro-
ducing thin streams of air, that the air is partially heated before entering the hot
air chamber, and the heated air is not forced out, or down through the pipes, but

page_text: being expanded will be forced up through the exit as if under pressure, drawing
fresh air continuously into the said hot air chamber.
The grate shown in Figure 6, comprises a box or frame h, having stationary
grated portions', h', extending transversely therein, in a plane substantially flush
with the top of the frame, and having pockets 2 h², arranged alternately with
relation to the said stationary grated portions h', ', and provided with grated
bottoms,, yet so far as my invention is concerned such specific construction of
grate is immaterial.
The grated bottoms ³, ³, are raised and lowered bodily, vertically, by similarly
constructed mechanism so the specific shaking mechanism for one only will be
described.
The shaft is arranged opposite the grated section or bottom h³ in parallelisin
therewith, having its bearings in the side walls of the frame or otherwise
supported.
This shaft projects through one of the said walls to be engaged by a detachable
crank or other suitable device by which it may be rotated.
The shaft has fixed to it two arms, 2, projecting toward the centre of said
grated section, the ends of which arms are connected by links 3,, with pins 1, 2,
which are secured to and project at right angles from arms &,, the said arms
projecting downwardly from the underside of said grated section h³.
The pins,, move in stationary guide-ways formed in projections 1º,, on the
frame h.
By turning said shaft i in one or the other direction it will be seen that the
grated bottom or section will be raised or lowered vertically, yet always main-
taining its true horizontal position, and when in its elevated position will lie
substantially flush with the grated tops h', h', or above them.
•
If desired the crank may be held in fixed position by a suitable catch with the
grated section in its elevated position while supplying fresh coal.
The grated section ³ may have small projections
reduce the friction.
upon its sides and ends to
It is obvious that when several grated sections are employed and a reciprocating
shaft for each section similarly located with relation to the section, that the said
shafts may be connected together and simultaneously operated.
I do not desire to limit my invention to the particular construction of connecting
mechanism between the shaft i, and grate, but the form herein shown is simple
and effective.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In a stove or other heating apparatus, a fire pot or chamber comprising a
vertical front wall, side walls, and rear wall, the latter having upon its inside &
series of parallel vertical ribs 50, combined with the thin smoke consuming chamber
rising from said fire pot, having a series of small flues or passages communicating
with and forming continuations of the spaces between the ribs 50, substantially as
described.
2. In a stove or other beating apparatus, a fire pot or chamber, the rear wall
of which has a series of vertical ribs 50 to present guide passages or flues for the
flame and products of combustion, combined with a thin smoke consuming chamber
rising from said fire pot directly above the guide passages or flues formed in its
rear side wall, and having a series of small passages communicating with and
forming continuations of said guide passages or flues, substantially as described.
3. In a stove or other heating apparatus, the fire pot or chamber, the top wall
of which has a series of parallel arranged ribs upon its under side, and a thin smoke
consuming chamber rising from the fire pot, substantially as described.
4. In a stove or other heating apparatus, the fire pot or chamber, the top wall

page_text: of which has a series of parallel guide passages upon its under side, increasing in
depth toward one end, and a thin smoke consuming chamber rising from the fire
pot, substantially as described.
5. In a heating apparatus, the combination of the combustion chamber a, having
its top wall provided with interior elongated recesses a', closed at one end, and open
at the opposite end, and also provided with exterior elongated recesses a 10, arranged
alternately with relation to the interior recesses, substantially as described.
the
6. In a heating apparatus, the combination of the combustion chamber a,
interior of the top wall of which is provided with several parallel guide passages,
the secondary combustion chamber a², in open communication with said main
combustion chamber, and having several vertical passages or flues, substantially as
described.
7. In a heating apparatus, the combination of the combustion chamber a, the
interior of the top wall of which is provided with several parallel guide passages,
vertical passages in open communication with said guide passages, and one or more
drums in open communication with said vertical passages and having entrances for
the removal of soot, the jacket enclosing the combustion chamber and drum, and the
smoke pipe, substantially as described.
8. In a heating apparatus, the combination of the main combustion chamber a
and secondary combustion chamber a, consisting of a narrow chamber extending
substantially from end to end of the main combustion chamber, and rising vertically
therefrom and in direct open communication therewith at its lower end, substantially
as described.
9. In a heating apparatus, the combination of the main combustion chamber a
and secondary combustion chamber a² consisting of a narrow chamber extending
substantially from end to end of the main combustion chamber, and rising vertically
therefrom, and in direct open communication therewith at its lower end, and guide
passages formed on the interior of the top wall of said main combustion chamber
directing the flame to said secondary combustion chamber, substantially as
described.
10. In a heating apparatus, the combination of the main combustion chamber a,
and secondary combustion chamber a², consisting of a narrow chamber extending
substantially from end to end of the main combustion chamber and rising vertically
therefrom, and in direct open communication therewith at its lower end, and guide
passages formed on the interior of the top wall of said main combustion chamber
directing the flame to the said secondary combustion chamber, and guide passages
formed upon the exterior of the top wall of said main combustion chamber,
arranged alternately with relation to the interior guide passages and directing the
air against the exterior of said secondary combustion chamber, substantially as
described.
11. In a heating apparatus, the combination of the main combustion chamber 4,
and secondary combustion chamber a, consisting of a narrow chamber extending
substantially from end to end of the main combustion chamber, and rising vertically
therefrom, and in direct open communication therewith at its lower end, and guide
passages formed on the interior of the top wall of said main combustion chamber,
directing the flame to said secondary combustion chamber, and guide passages
formed upon the exterior of the top wall of said main combustion chamber,
alternately with relation to the interior guide passages, directing the air against.the
exterior of said secondary combustion chamber, a jacket and several air inlets made
as narrow. flattened pipes f, which admit the air in thin streams, substantially
described.
as
12. In a grate the stationary grated tops, and the alternately arranged movable
grated bottoms, a rod or shaft supported beside each grated bottom, means for
reciprocating each rod or shaft, and intermediate connections between said rods or
shafts and said grated bottoms whereby said grated bottoms may be moved up and
down bodily, substantially as described.

page_text: 13. A grated section, and means for vertically raising and lowering it bodily
consisting of a rotating shaft i, arms 2, projecting therefrom, links, pins i,
connected with said arms, by said links and arms i, depending from said grated
section from which said pins project, and guideways for said pins, substantially as
described.
24
Dated this 26th day of September 1893.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.