IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLERS FOR ROLLING LAND
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Barford, Thomas Perkins, and Edward John
Chambers, all of Peterborough, in the County of Northampton, for an
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLERS FOR ROLLING LAND."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Barford, Thomas
Perkins and Edward John Chambers at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents on the 6th February 1882.
WILLIAM BARFORD, THOMAS PERKINS and EDWARD JOHN CHAMBERS all of
Peterborough in the County of Northampton.
“IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLERS FOR
ROLLING LAND."
This Invention relates to improvements in rollers for rolling land and consists
in improved ways of constructing rollers adapted to be loaded with sand water or
other ballast for the purpose of adding to the weight.
We cast the roller cylinders with their ends solid and all in one piece with the
cylinder. In each end at the centre an oval hole is formed and we provide inside
and outside covers for these holes. The central portion of each cover enters and
fits the hole and around this central portion is a thinner part or flange which bears
upon the parts of the cylinder end around the hole. The outer covers have necks
or bearings provided upon them for supporting the frame and shafts or handle of
the roller. The inner cover has a stud fixed in the centre and this projects out
through the outer cover and through the neck thereon and receives a collar and
nut beyond.
Sometimes we cast the cylinders and ends in one piece as described and close the
apertures in the ends with outside covers fixed on by screws or bolts. These
covers are provided with necks or bearings for the frame.
Or we cast the cylinder and ends in one piece leaving holes in the ends through
which we pass a tube and fix it by enlarging the mouth of the tube at each end
as boiler tubes are fixed. An axle is in this case passed through the tube and its
ends support the frame of the roller.

page_text: Rollers may be thus constructed with one or more cylinders the longer sorts
being usually made with two cylinders to facilitate turning.
We also construct ribbed or notched rollers or rollers having projections on their
outer surface for pressing and pulverizing land.
We make them in sections with several ribs on each section. Each of these
sections corresponds in its construction to one of the cylinders already described
except in being ribbed or having a notched or serrated surface.
We prefer to ballast these rollers by filling the cylinders or sections with sand or
such like heavy substance as thus we can increase the weight beyond that attainable
when water ballast is used; water may be used as at present if preferred.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Barford, Thomas Perkins, and Edward John Chambers
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 4th August 1882.
WILLIAM BARFORD, THOMAS PERKINS and EDWARD JOHN CHAMBERS all of
Peterborough in the County of Northampton. " IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLERS FOR
ROLLING LAND."
This Invention relates to improvements in rollers for rolling land and consists
in improved ways of constructing rollers to be loaded with sand water or other
ballast for the purpose of adding to the weight.
We cast the roller cylinders with their ends solid and all in one piece with the
cylinder. In each end at the centro an oval hole is formed and we provide inside
and outside covers for these holes. The central portion of each cover enters and
fits the hole and around this central portion is a thinner part or flange which bears
upon the parts of the cylinder end around the hole. The outer covers have necks
or bearings provided upon them for supporting the frame and shafts or handle of
the roller. The inner cover has a stud fixed in the centre and this projects out
through the outer cover and through the neck thereon and receives a collar and
nut beyond.
Figure 1 is a front elevation partly in section of a garden roller of this
construction. The ends A. A. are cast in one piece with the body B. The small
oval apertures C. C. in the ends are made watertight by covers.
Figure 2 is an end elevation of the parts A and B.
Figure 3 is a front elevation and Figure 4 is a side elevation of the oval inner
cover for the aperture c. with its stud which may be either of wrought iron and
rivetted or screwed in, or cast in one piece with the cover.
Figure 5 is a front elevation and Figure 6 is a side elevation of the outer cover
which not only makes the joint tight but forms the axle for attaching the handle d.
and balance weights e. These latter are kept in position by a nut and collar shewn
at Figure 3. The inner cover Figures 3 and 4 is first passed inside the roller
cylinder in the manner adopted in fastening mudhole doors to steam boilers.
The piece Figures 5 and 6 is then slipped over the stud and the balance weight
is placed upon the bearing part. The collar presses against the shoulder of the
axle stud and the nut makes the joint and secures the balance weight to which tho
handle is bolted.
Sometimes we cast the cylinders and ends in one piece as described and close
the apertures in the ends with outside covers fixed on by screws or bolts. These
covers are provided with necks or bearings for the frame.
Figure 7 is a front elevation partly in section shewing the method of making
these rollers. The holes are closed by covers upon which are cast the axles, or
bearing parts. The handles and balance weights are attached as before described.
Figure 8 is an end elevation of the body.
Figure 9 is a front elevation and Figure 10 is a side elevation of the cover, it is
attached by four screws.
Or we cast the cylinder and ends in one piece leaving holes in the ends through
which we pass a tube and fix it by enlarging the mouth of the tube at each end as
boiler tubes are fixed. An axle is in this case passed through the tube and its
ends support the frame of the roller.
Figure 11 is a front elevation shewing a roller in which the axle f passes through.
Figure 12 is an end view Figure 13 is a frout view of the cover and Figure 14 is a
side view of the same. The axle ƒ passes through the tube g and also through the
cover.
Rollers may be thus, constructed with one or more cylinders the longer sorts
being usually made with two cylinders to facilitate turning.

page_text: Figure 15 is a plan partly in section of a roller. The outer ends are arranged
as described in respect to Figures 7. 8. 9 and 10. Figure 16 is an end view of tho
barrel.
The method of joining the two cylinders together is shewn in detail in Figures
17, 18 and 19.
Figure 17 is a transverse section of the roller. Figure 18 is a section of the
centro bearing to a larger scale and Figure 19 is a plan of the same.
A. A. are pin flanges attached to the ends of their respective cylinders. B. B is a
sleeve which passes over both these pins and in which they can revolve forwards
or backwards independently of each other. Each of the piu flanges has a groove
in the circumference of the pin, into which keys C. C. are passed through bosses in
the sleeve.
The keys C. C. are fixed to the tie bars D. D. which pivot on a centre E and are
attached at their upper ends to the stays F of the roller frame.
We also construct ribbed or notched rollers or rollers having projections on their
outer surface for pressing and pulverizing land.
We make them in sections with several ribs on each section. Each of these
sections corresponds in its construction to one of the cylinders already described
except in being ribbed or having a notched or serrated surface.
Figure 20 is a plan partly in section and Figure 21 is an end elevation, shewing
the improvement applied to that class of rollers known under the various names of
Cambridge rollers clod crushers and pulverizers having ribs or projections on their
circumference. Instead of making these ribs or rings separate and threading them
on a main axle we cast two or more together in the form of a cylinder with solid
ends and attach these to each other as before described.
We also sometimes adopt the method shewn in Figures 11. 12. 13 and 14 for
these and other forms of field rollers, in which case the axle passes quite through
the whole of the cylinders used to make up the necessary width.
We prefer to ballast these rollers by filling the cylinders or sections with sand
or such like heavy substance as thus-we-can-increase-the_weight_beyond that
attainable when water ballast is used. Water may be used as at present if
preferred.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention and the manner of
performing the same we would have it understood that we claim as our improve-
ments in rollers for rolling land.
First. The construction of rollers substantially as described in respect to Figures
1 to 6 of the annexed Drawings.
Second. The construction of rollers substantially as described in respect to
Figures 7 to 10 of the annexed Drawings.
Third. The construction of rollers substantially as described in respect to
Figures 11 to 14 of the annexed Drawings.
Fourth. The construction of field rollers substantial'y as described in respect to
Figures 15 to 19, of the annexed Drawings.
Filth. The construction of rollers such as are known under the names of
Cambridge rollers, clod crushers, and pulverizers substantially as described in
respect to Figures 20 and 21 of the annexed Drawings.
In witness whereof I the said Thomas Perkins have hereunto set my
hand and seal this Second day of August in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
THOMAS PERKINS. (LS.)