A Fire Grate Bottom for Use in Stoves, Kitchen Ranges, Hearths, and the like, for the Consumption of Coke, Anthracite Coal, or other Fuel.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 1st May, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Dec., 1896-Accepted, 13th Feb., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A Fire Grate Bottom for Use in Stoves, Kitchen Ranges, Hearths,
and the like, for the Consumption of Coke, Anthracite Coal, or
other Fuel.
JOHN DANIEL WOOD of Ewhurst, Routh Road, Wandsworth Common
Surveyor do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
It is a grated or perforated plate or bottom forming part of a fire grate, stove,
kitchen range & the like or it may be used as a false bottom or on the hearthstone
& it is constructed with one or more rows of hollow, grated, or perforated gills
either ridgelike conelike or square in shape, rising into the body of the fuel,
introducing air which has become superheated in its passage & producing incan
descence & great heat consuming coke anthracite coal or other fuel without fume
or smoke.
The number of gills & rows of gills required will depend on the width & depth
of the fire box & in cases where the end gills & rows of gills abut on the sides or
back the gills will be halved & form flanges.
It may be made of metal, fireclay, asbestos, wire or other malleable or fire
resisting material.
A small or large fire can be maintained & great economy in the consumption of
fuel is secured.
Dated this 1ot dow of Mov 1806
A Fire Grate Bottom for Use in Stoves, Kitchen Ranges, Hearths,
and the like, for the Consumption of Coke, Anthracite Coal, or
other Fuel.
I, JOHN DANIEL WOOD, of Ewhurst, Routh Road, Wandsworth Common,
London, Surveyor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a grid or grate which may be used either in a fire-
grate, stove, cooking range, furnace or the like or on a flat surface such as a
hearthstone, and has for its object to enable the air admitted to the underside of
the glowing fuel supported on said grate to become very highly heated before
reaching the fuel. By these means I am able to secure almost perfect combustion,
and adapt ordinary fire-grates for burning coke, anthracite and other hard coal,
though softer coal and other fuel may also be used.
The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying
drawings in which Figs. 1 to 8 represent various forms of the improved grate in
perspective views.
Tabletter indicate like parts throughout the drawings.

page_text: The grate shown in Fig. 1 is composed of a series of parallel bars A (hereinafter
termed "transverse bars ") extending from one side to the other of the grate, all
these bars being connected together at their ends by two forwardly and backwardly
extending bars B hereinafter termed fore-and-aft bars. Midway between the two
bars B the transverse bars A are formed with angular deffèctions or arches A' each
of which is larger than the one immediately in front of it so that all these arches
constitute a tunnel of gradually increasing size the nearer it approaches the back
of the grate, or these arches may be of increasing height but constant width inside
and outside or either, or may be of uniform size.
In the grate shown in Fig. 2 some of the transverse bars A at the back-are-
straight and some of those at the front are formed with arches A' of uniform size
while the arches of the bars A at the centre of the grate are of gradually varying
size, this arrangement providing in the underside of the grate what may be
regarded as a conical recess and a short tunnel leading from this recess to the
front of the grate, and this tunnel may be repeated from the recess to the back of
the grate.
In the grate shown in Fig. 3 the conical recess is formed at the centre of the
underside as in the last preceding example but the tributary tunnel provided in
that example by the arches A¹ in the front bars A is replaced by a pipe C which
may be cast or otherwise secured in proper position so as to open at its back end
into the conical recess. The back transverse bars may be arched (like the
front transverse bars of Fig. 2) to form a tunnel from the recess to the back of
the grate.
In cases where it would be more convenient to have air chambers at the sides of
the grate alone or in conjunction with one in the centre, I may employ a grate such
as is shown in Fig. 4, which constitutes virtually one half of the grate represented
in Fig. 1. The grate shown in Fig. 2 or Fig. 3 may be adapted in like manner by
division, so as to have end air-ways. In each of these arrangements one side of
the tunnel "and conical recess is completed by the side of the fire chamber in
which the grate is fitted. If desired the bars A instead of being connected only
at one of their ends by a bar B as shown in Fig. 4 may be connected at
both ends.
The grate shown in Fig. 5 is one in which a series of arches A¹ is provided at
each end of the grate so as to constitute two tunnels for air; the form and
dimensions of these tunnels may be varied as desired, and the manner in which the
bars B are connected with the arches may be either that which is indicated at the
left hand or at the right hand of that figure.
The device shown in Fig. 6 constitutes substantially merely the central part of
the grate shown in. Fig. 1, the ends of the arches A¹ connecting directly with the
fore-and-aft bars B: this device is especially suited for use as a false bottom over
the central part of an existing grate so that in conjunction with this grate it would
constitute a grate substantially like that shown in Fig. 1; or the raised parts of
the devices shown in the other figures can be used in like manner.
In the device shown in Figure 7 the tunnel formed by arches A' varies in height
from a maximum at the middle to a minimum at the ends, one of which may be
closed as shown, by a lug A' formed on one of the bars A.
The devices shown in Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive and in Fig. 7 are each applicable for
use either in place of an ordinary grate or as a false bottom above such grate and
each may be provided with legs D such as are shown for example in Fig. 2 for
supporting it at the required height above the existing grate and if desired it may
also be provided with legs such as D' Fig. 3 which will both support it and by
engaging with the existing grate prevent it from being moved out of position. Or
the legs can be dispensed with.
By means of either of the before described devices the air is allowed a free
passage from the front of the fireplace through either one end of the tunnel-A' or
pipe C to the other end of the tunnel or the conical chamber beneath the grate
and in passing both to this part and thereafter into the fire becomes very highly
the

page_text: heated so as to secure the best possible combustion of the fuel; when used in closed
stoves such as kitcheners the tunnels will require to be more or less contracted to
moderate the inflow of air.
The before-described grate may be modified in many ways without departing
from the spirit of the invention; for example as in Figure 8 only the front and
back transverse bars A need be arched, the tunnel or chamber at the underside of
the grate being formed by connecting such arches by bars E running fore-and-aft,
parallel with the bars B; or the bars A may be partly transverse and partly fore-
and-aft bars. Further instead of the arches A¹ being of angular form and increased
in size gradually as they approach the back of the grate as previously described,
they may decrease as they approach the back or may be of any other form and all
of the same size or be varied in any other desired manner, and connected to each
other by stays, struts, or stiffening pieces. The grates if desired may be circular
or of any required form and they may be constructed of metal, fire-clay, asbestos
or other suitable material or a combination of such materials and moreover instead
of the grate being formed in one piece it may be made up of a number of
separate fire-bars. Again, as may be convenient, two or more tunnels or air
chambers may be provided.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A fire bar or grate deflected so as to form an arch such as A¹ substantially
as and for the purpose described.
2. In a fire grate the combination of a number of bars or a grate having
deflections or arches such as A' of uniform or varying size substantially as and for
the purpose described.
3. The combination with a fire grate having arched bars such as A A¹ of a pipe
substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in Figure 3 of the
accompanying drawings.
4. A fire grate having one or more series of arched bars such as A A' extending
in succession backwards from the front of the grate with one or more arches in
each bar substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
5. A fire grate having one or more channels extending from the front towards
the back in its underside these channels being formed by some of the bars or grate
parts being raised above the level of those at either side thereof substantially as
and for the purpose described.
6. A complete fire grate substantially as described and illustrated in Figures 12
3 4 5 6 7 or 8 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 7th day of November 1896.