IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Edward Asquith, of Leeds, and Frederic
Alexander Greenwood, of Bradford, both in the County of York, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING WOOL
AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 31st March 1871, and dated the 10th October 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Edward Asquith
and Frederic Alexander Greenwood at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 10th October
1870.
We, SAMUEL EDWARD ASQUITH, of Leeds, and FREDERIC ALEXANDER
GREENWOOD, of Bradford, both in the County of York, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
SPINNING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to improved apparatus to be applied to the
condenser carding engine for the purpose of spinning the cardings or
rovings of wool or other fibrous substances as they leave the rubbers

page_text: of the machine, instead of first winding the rovings and then removing
them to separate spinning machinery. For this purpose we employ a
series of the improved apparatus of our Invention, one for each roving
applied near the rubbers of the carding engine, and each constructed in
the following manner :-A spindle or sleeve is mounted horizontally
in a bearing with its axis in a line with the roving. This sleeve carries
at one end a fast pulley by which the sleeve is rotated, and at the other
a loose pulley driven at a different speed to the sleeve on which it runs.
This loose pulley is provided with an internal ring of teeth, which gears
with and drives a pinion fast on a small spindle carried eccentrically in
the sleeve. This spindle is made hollow throughout for the passage
of the roving which is led through it from the rubbers to the eye of a
small pin fixed on a disc carried on the extremity of said spindle, or any
other contrivance may be adopted which will hold the wool or other
fibrous substances in a certain position to effect the required twist or
twine, and at the same time allow the material to be spun to pass freely
through to the drawing rollers, and thence to a bobbin or cop on which
the thread is wound. The spindle is both caused to revolve on its own
axis by the rotation of the loose pulley which gears with it as before
mentioned, and also round the axis of the eccentric sleeve by which it is
carried, and this compound motion being also imparted to the disc and
pin or other contrivance fixed on the spindle the spinning of the thread
is thus effected. By varying the relative speeds of the fast and loose
pulleys on the sleeve the amount of “twine" or twist put into the
thread may be regulated according to the quality of the wool or material
operated on.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Samuel Edward Asquith and Frederic Alexander
Greenwood in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 10th April
1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, SAMUEL
EDWARD ASQUITH, of Leeds, and FREDERIC ALEXANDER GREENWOOD,
of Bradford, both in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of October, in the year

page_text: of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Samuel Edward Asquith and Frederic
Alexander Greenwood, Her special licence that we, the said Samuel
Edward Asquith and Frederic Alexander Greenwood, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Samuel
Edward Asquith and Frederic Alexander Greenwood, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR SPINNING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that we, the said Samuel Edward Asquith
and Frederic Alexander Greenwood, our exccutors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Samuel Edward Asquith and
Frederic Alexander Greenwood, do hereby declare the nature of our
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed and
to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):
Our Invention relates to improved apparatus to be applied to the
condenser carding engine for the purpose of spinning the cardings or
rovings of wool or other fibrous substances as they leave the rubbers of
the machine instead of first winding the rovings and then removing
them to separate spinning machinery.
The improved apparatus of our Invention may also be applied to
machines for roving and preparing wool or other fibrous substances
6 instead of to the condenser carding engine with the same object, namely,
to twist the rovings previous to their being spun by the ordinary spinning
spindles whereby the spinning is facilitated and the yarn produced
improved. We employ a series of the improved apparatus of our

page_text: Invention, one for each roving, applied between holding and drawing
rollers near the rubbers of the carding engine, or to a separate spinning
machine, and each constructed in the following manner :- -A spindle
or sleeve is mounted in a bearing with its axis in a line with the roving.
This sleeve carries at one end a fast pulley by which the sleeve is rotated
and at the other a loose pulley driven at a different speed to the sleeve
on which it runs. This loose pulley is provided with an internal ring
of teeth which gears with and drives a pinion fast on a small spindle
carried eccentrically in the sleeve, or the loose pulley may be geared
with the spindle by means of a pin working in a slot made in a disc
carried by the said spindle. This spindle is made hollow throughout
for the passage of the roving which is led through it from the rubbers
to the eye of a small pin fixed on the disc above mentioned as being
carried on the extremity of said spindle, or other similar contrivance
may be adopted which will hold the wool or other fibrous substances to
effect the required twist or twine, and at the same time allow the material
to be spun to pass freely through to the drawing rollers, and thence
to the flyer of an ordinary spinning spindle to be spun and wound on a
bobbin or cop. The spindle is both caused to revolve on its own axis
by the rotation of the loose pulley which gears with it as before
mentioned and also round the axis of the eccentric sleeve by which it
is carried, and this compound motion being also imparted to the disc
and pin or other contrivance fixed on the spindle the twisting of the
roving is effected at the same time that it is drawn or attenuated by
the drawing rollers. By varying the relative speeds of the fast and
loose pulleys on the slceve the amount of "twine” or twist put into
the thread may be regulated according to the quality of the wool or
other material operated on.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section, and Figure 2 an end view of our
improved apparatus showing a roving on its way through to the drawing
rollers.
Figures 3 and 4 are similar views of a slightly modified arrangement
in which the loose pulley is geared with the hollow spindle by means of
a pin and slot instead of by toothed gearing, as in Figures 1 and 2.
Figure 5 shows the apparatus as applied near the rubbers of a con-
denser carding engine.

page_text: A is a sleeve or bush mounted in a bearing B fixed to the frame-
work of the machine, the axis of the sleeve A being in a line with the
roving C as it passes from a pair of holding rollers to a pair of drawing
rollers, the apparatus being in all cases situated about midway between
such two pairs of rollers, whether applied to a carding engine or other
machine. D is a pulley or skew wheel fixed on the sleeve A and rotated
by band or endless screw gearing operated from any convenient moving
part of the machine. E is a second pulley or skew wheel similarly
operated and running loose on the sleeve A. The bush A has a hole bored
eccentrically throughout its length to receive a hollow spindle F, through
which the roving C passes, as shown. To the extremity of this hollow
spindle nearest to the drawing rollers a disc G is fixed, and the
spindle is geared with the loose pulley E either by means of a pinion H
on the spindle working in an internal toothed wheel I on the pulley E...
as shown in Figures 1 and 2, or by a pin K fixed to the pulley E
working in a radial slot formed in the disc G, as shown in Figures 3
and 4. By either arrangement the loose pulley E being driven as
before mentioned the spindle F will be rotated on its own axis and
within the bush or sleeve A. as a bearing. To the disc G which rotates
with the spindle Fa pin L or similar contrivance is fixed. This pin
is brought into line with the axis of the spindle F, and is bent to form
eyes or loops, as shown, through which the roving is led for the purpose
of having the desired amount of twist imparted to it by the rotation of
the pin L with the spindle at the same time that the roving is drawn
out by the drawing rollers. The twisting effect is facilitated by the
compound motion imparted to the pin L, the spindle F being both
rotated on its own axis and also carried by the rotation of the sleeve
round the axis of the latter, in which it is mounted eccentrically as
before mentioned; by this means the roving is always in contact with
the interior surface of the spindle F and the friction of the roving in
passing through it prevents the twist put into the roving by the pin L
passing back along it to the holding rollers.
In Figure 5, M are the condensing rubbers of the carding engine, and
Na pair of holding rollers interposed between our improved apparatus
and the rubbers. O are the drawing rollers, and P an ordinary spinning
spindle, all mounted on the condenser carding engine.
Having described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, we declare that what we claim as our Invention

page_text: to be protected by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,
the combination with a rotating sleeve A of a hollow rotating spindle F,
mounted eccentrically therein and having a pin L, or equivalent device,
through which the roving is led, operating substantially as herein-before
described and illustrated in the Drawings annexed for the purpose
specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Edward Asquith, for myself
and on behalf of the said Frederic Alexander Greenwood, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this 5th day of April, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
one.