IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Taylor, residing at No. 16, Park.
Street, Gloucester Gate, Regent's Park, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS."
Sealed the 13th January 1854, and dated the 18th November 1853
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Taylor at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his.Petition, on
the 18th November 1853..
on
I WILLIAM TAYLOR, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for. IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS" to be as follows:--
My first improvement. consists in making anchors, in whole or in.
part, of hollow metals or metallic compositions, whereby I attain
greater strength with. the same weight, or less weight with the same.
strength, than. when the structure is entirely solid.
My second improvement applies both to solid and to 'hollow anchors,
and consists in making the cable attached to the ring, as at present, to
pass a certain distance along the shank, and at that distance to: suspend:
the anchor while it is descending, and the strain on the cable is vertical,

page_text: by a hook or other apparatus suitable for suspension fixed to the
shank at that distance; but on the anchor reaching the ground, and
the strain on the cable becoming horizontal or nearly so, then in
causing the cable to detach itself from the said hook or other appa-
ratus, and remain connected with the ring and stock in the usual
manner, whereby I facilitate the use of anchors with only one arm,
and remove the inconvenience with which their employment is at
present attended.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Taylor in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 5th April 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
WILLIAM TAYLOR, residing at No. 16, Park Street, Gloucester Gate,
Regent's Park, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said William Taylor, Her special
licence that I, the said William Taylor, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Taylor, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN ANCHORS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said William Taylor, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Taylor, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:
My first improvement consists in forming anchors, in whole or in
part, of hollow gun metal, bell metal, Muntz's or sheathing metal, or
yellow metal, pot metal, Prince Rupert's metal, speculuin metal, or
other alloy in which copper predominates, or of a composition of two
or more of the said metals, or of a composition of one or more of the
said metals with other alloy in which copper predominates, or of a
composition of two or more other alloys in each of which copper.
predominates, thereby applying in this particular way to the particular
manufacture of anchors the known principle that a given quantity of
matter resists more a transverse strain when disposed in a hollow than
in a solid form.
One mode of performing this improvement is as follows:-
Fig. 1, is a horizontal section of the principal anchor of a 120 gun
ship at the middle line or from bill to bill, the stock being supposed
to be at right angles to the horizontal plane in which the section is
made. The anchor is made of gun metal, which occupies the space
shaded, all the other not shaded or blank being void, or at least con-
taining only air.
Fig. 2, is a transverse section of the same anchor at the dotted line a, a.
Fig. 8,
where the nuts are
at the dotted line b, b,
Fig. 4,
Fig. 5,
Fig. 6,
Fig. 7,
at the dotted line c, c.
at the dotted line d, d.
at the dotted line e, e.
at the dotted line f, f,
where the flukes commence.
My second improvement applies to one arm anchors, whether hollow,
or partly hollow, or entirely solid, and consists in adapting to a proper
(which part I preferably take near the crown
opposite to the throat on the highest part of the upper surface of the
shank when the arm, is vertical and the stock horizontal) a hook,
part of the shank

page_text: swivelling on a bolt, so disposed that the cable attached to the ring or
shackle in the usual manner passes a certain distance along the
shank, and at that distance suspends the anchor while it is descending,
and the strain on the cable is vertical, thereby causing the arm to
descend vertically and the stock horizontally; but on the arm reaching
the bottom, and the strain on the cable becoming horizontal, or approxi-
matively horizontal, then that the cable detaches itself from the hook,
and remains only attached to the ring or shackle, as if there had been
no hook; while the hook which was vertical while the anchor was
descending, on being freed from the cable, falls into a horizontal
position, thereby being in no danger of fouling the anchor.
One mode of performing this improvement is as follows:-
Fig. 8, is an elevation of the anchor while descending, being sus-
pended by the cable by the intervention of the hook.
Fig. 9, is an elevation of part of the hook and cable of Fig. 8,
on a larger scale, to shew the mode of inserting the cable into the
hook.
Fig. 10, is a plan of the anchor of Fig. 8, which is now supposed
to have reached the bottom, and the cable to have released itself from
the hook, and to be in the course of acquiring its usual direction,
while the hook swivelling on the bolt falls into a horizontal position.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Taylor, have hereunto
set my band and seal, this Fifth day of April, in the year
of our Lord 1854:
W. TAYLOR. (L.S.)