Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Dec., 1898.
Complete Specification Left, 18th Aug., 1899-Accepted, 15th Dec., 1899
1, HERMANN KRANDT, of Rostock i/M, in the Empire of Germany, Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The present invention relates to an apparatus for copying upon moistened
paper and by impression, characters written on sheets of any paper and which
is provided with a device for drying the paper on which the copies have been
made. The machine comprises a framing fixed upon a table or other suitable
support and composed of two plates or sides connected together by means of
cross pieces and carrying the whole apparatus. Between the two side pieces of
the framing and supported by them there is arranged a paper feeding roller.
Under the framing there is provided a reservoir containing water in which dips
a roller over which passes a band of cloth dipping into the water and so as
to carry off with it a certain quantity of water in order to moisten the paper
coming from the feed roller. The cylinder which is immersed in the water as
also two other tension cylinders over which passes the aforesaid cloth band, are
capable of movement, and their axles are adapted to slide in slots formed in the
side pieces of the framing that carries them. The moistening cylinder proper
may, by means of a suitable device, be placed in more or less energetic contact
with a roller over which the paper passes on leaving the feeding roller; by this
means the paper can be moistened to any suitable degree. Above the aforesaid
endless moistening cloth band, there are arranged in the framing of the machine
in a rotary manner a pair of compressing rollers which are placed one above the
other and which are designed to effect the copying of the writing upon the
moistened paper. The lower roller turns in fixed bearings, but the upper roller
passes with each of its extreme pivots through a groove formed in a piece which
is fixed vertically in a cap placed upon the framing of the machine. Each of
the two pivots of this compressing roller is capable of turning in a slide block
that is adapted to slide in a recess in the said fixed piece, whilst above the said
roller there is mounted in a rotary manner a bar which is provided with a hand
lever and which has eccentric end pivots in the said fixed piece. This bar
extends through a groove in the aforesaid slide block in such a manner that by
the pivoting of the said bar by means of the aforesaid hand lever in one or the
other direction, the slide block and consequently the upper compressing roller
will be able to move downwards or upwards and thereby move the upper com-
pressing roller nearer to or further away from the lower roller.
The roller upon
which the paper to be copied is wound, may be moved axially by means of a
suitable arrangement in such a manner that the strip of paper leaving this roller
shall be brought exactly adjusted to the machine. The various rollers which
have been here-above referred to may be caused to rotate by means of suitable
gearing operated by a crank. On the forward part of the framing of the machine
there is arranged a drying frame composed of two side bands and of a certain
number of small wooden rollers arranged in a rotary manner in the latter. At
the end of the drying frame there is provided a winding up roller having a
longitudinal rubber band and being capable of rotating in one direction by means
of a crank handle whilst its movement is stopped in the other direction by mcans

page_text: of a pawl and ratchet wheel. The strip of paper after having received the copy
passes over a roller placed in front of the winding up roller, passes down under
the apparatus where it is stretched by means of a wooden roller which is sus-
pended and maintained by the aforesaid strip of paper with the object of impart-
ing to the latter a suitable tension. At the rear part of the machine from which
the latter is to be operated there is provided a basket in which the documents to
be copied by the machine are placed, and a table sliding in two grooves in the
framing. This table allows of introducing sheets of written paper between the
pair of compressing rollers, when said rollers press each written sheet upon the
strip of moistened paper coming from the moistening rollers, whereby the written
characters are printed upon the said moistened paper. On leaving the com-
pressing cylinders, the strip of moistened paper is drawn by means of a wheel
having suitable teeth on to the drying device, and, when the paper is sufficiently
dry, it is wound on the winding up cylinder arranged at the front end of the
machine.
T
1511
1
1
1000
ROBERT E. PHILLIPS, Assoc.M.Inst.C.E., M.I.Mech. E.,
Chartered Patent Agent,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Associate Agent.
Improvements in Copying Apparatus.
I, HERMANN KRANDT, of Rostock, in Mecklenburg-Schwerin, in the Empire
of Germany, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
-
The present invention relates to an apparatus for copying, comprising a feed
roller capable of sliding on its axis on which the copying paper is wound, a
moistening band over which the copying paper passes, a pair of compressing
rollers designed to effect the copying of the writing upon the moistened paper,
the upper of which rollers may by a suitable device be moved nearer to or further
away from the lower roller, thereby causing the contact to be more or less, and
a drying frame provided with a winding up roller upon which the paper having
received the copy is wound.
In the annexed figures is shown an example of the working of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation and Fig. 2 a transverse section.
Figs. 3 to 6 are details. Fig. 3 being a section according to line 1-1 of Fig. 1,
and Fig. 4 a section according to line 2-2 of Fig. 1, whilst Figs. 5 and 6 show
side elevations and vertical sections of the device for effecting a more or less
operative contact between the rollers.
Within the framing A of the machine, which has to be placed at a suitable
height for the copyist, there is a paper feeding roller B, arranged in a rotary
manner and axially slidable. Under the framing there is provided a reservoir Co
designed to hold water, wherein there is placed a cylinder C sliding vertically
by means of its movable bearings inserted in the slots Co formed in the
framing A, and which may be fixed in each of its positions by means of a
thumbscrew. Over this reservoir C three cylinders or rollers, D, E, F, are
arranged in the framing of the apparatus, whereof 1) rotates without being capable
of sliding, but the other two are capable of sliding and rotating.
To this end the pivots of the cylinder E are journalled in longitudinal slots e,
and may be secured in each adjusted position by means of thumb-nuts e¹ (Fig. 1)
screwed into the threaded ends of said pivots, whilst the pivots f of cylinder F.

page_text: are journalled eccentrically in disk plates f¹ revolubly mounted on each side of
the framing A, each disk-plate fi carrying a lever f3 suitably connected therewith
and provided with a circular slot the centre of which coincides with the centre
of the disk plate and which is adapted to move on a pin fo engaging said slot
and secured to the framing A. Said pin fo is provided with suitable means (not
shown) such as a thumb nut for securing the lever in adjusted positions. Over
the rollers F, D, E, passes an endless band of cloth G which is moistened in
the reservoir C, and as this band is also in contact with the adjustable cylinder F,
the adjustment of the latter, and if necessary, also of the rollers C and E, enables
a suitable tension to be imparted to the band. The cylinder I is journalled
eccentrically like the cylinder F, with is end trunnions i on each side of the
framing in a plate carrying a lever provided with a slot engaged by a
pin secured to the framing and provided with means (such as a thumb-nut)
for securing the lever in each of its positions. Said cylinder I is designed to
press the copying paper with more or less force against the moistened cloth. Over
the endless band are arranged in a rotary manner in the framing of the apparatus
a pair of compressing rollers M N. Each end trunnion of the compressing roller N
(Figs. 5 & 6) passes through a groove o formed in a fixed piece slidably secured
in a recess of the cap p by means of the locking screws and which can slide
vertically by means of a regulating screws, in the lower edge of which there is
an annular groove so taking a pin passing through the fixed piece O. A slide
block Q placed on the outer face in a recess of the fixed piece 0, is coupled with
said fixed piece by means of a screw-threaded pin gº passing through a groove
into the latter, and the slide block Q serves as a bearing for one of the end
trunnions of the compressing roller N. Above said roller N there is mounted
on both sides in the fixed piece 0, a shaft R provided with a hand lever R', and
which has an eccentric end pivot and passes through a slot formed in the
slide block Q. The result of this arrangement of the pair of rollers M N is
that by the pivotting of the bar R by means of the hand lever R', in one or
the other direction, the eccentric trunnions of the bar cause the slide blocks Q
to move up or down, and therewith the compressing cylinder N whose eccentric
ends are carried by the slide blocks, is moved nearer to or further away from
the lower cylinder M. The paper feeding roller B is mounted in a rotary manner
at the rear of the apparatus and in such a way that it is able to slide axially.
For this purpose on each end trunnion 1 of the axle of the paper feeding
roller B there is fixed a plate T, and a disc is placed on the non screw-threaded
extremity of a regulating screw n screwed through the side piece of the framing
and is fixed upon it by a screw penetrating into the extremity of the former.
The roller with its plates T is removably secured between said discs t, and it is
therefore possible, by loosening a nut u², screwing backwards one of the screws u
and suitably screwing forward the screw at the other end to slide the paper
feeding roller axially to any degree required and fix it in the position occupied
by the nut u in order to bring the paper exactly adjusted to the machine.
The rollers D) I M may be caused to rotate by a suitable gearing operated by
a crank H. On the forward part of the framing of the machine there is arranged
a drying frame U composed of two side frames and a certain number of wooden
rollers U U arranged in a rotary manner in the latter.
At the end of the drying frame there is provided a detachable winding up
roller having a rubber coating and which is capable of rotating in one
direction by means of a crank handle (Fig. 4): its movement in the other
direction is prevented by a pawl VI and ratchet wheel Vo.
The little wooden roller nearest to the winding up roller is slidable and
this in such a way that each of its ends pivots in a slide block Z (Fig. 4) acted
upon by a spring and sliding in a recess 7° formed in the side frame of the
drying frame by means of a pivotted hook which, after the block u³ and there-
with the roller Uol of the winding-up cylinder is drawn back, may be caused
to engage with the pivot of the roller ". The small roller U may be held out

page_text: of engagement with the cylinder V by drawing the same back from the latter
against the action of the spring ³, and engaging the corresponding journal or
pivot into the pivoted hook z.
In order to impart the necessary tension to the paper passing on the drying
frame, a wooden rod u is placed on the strip of paper between the last of the
rollers and the winding up roller V. At the rear part of the machine from
which the latter is operated there is provided a detachable basket K with over-
lapping sides in which the documents to be copied by the machine are placed,
and a table E sliding in grooves So on the framing allows the introducing of
the written piece between the rollers M N.
The copying apparatus works as follows:-
On turning the crank handle H in the direction of the arrow the strip of
paper leaves the paper feeding roller B, passes over a guide roller W, then between.
the rollers D and I, and thence between the rollers M N. On the way it is
moistened by the endless cloth G between the rollers D and I. The essential
part of the patent, as it is also that in which all inventions have failed hitherto,
is that the degree of moistening of the paper can be exactly regulated, and it is
only in this way that it is possible to produce legible copies, especially of the
very delicate printing of the typewriter. A written document y turned face
downwards on the table E is inserted between the pair of rollers M N, and is
copied when passing between these rollers on the strip of moistened paper X.
After removing the document the strip of paper is drawn forward by the toothed
roller H operated by the gearing shewn which consists of a belting h and thus
onto the rollers U of the drying frame U, after which the end of the strip of
paper is pressed between the winding up roller V and the wooden roller U, this
latter being pressed against the said winding up roller V by the spring U³ after
the hook has been loosened, and there is placed between the roller U¹ and the
preceding wooden roller Uo a wooden bar u² serving as a drag upon the strip of
paper.
One document after the other is inserted between the pair of rollers M N, the
crank handle continues turning in the same direction, and the strip of paper
passing on the drying frame is drawn downwards between the last of the rollers U
and the roller Uo by the wooden bars u². When the part of the strip hanging
down is sufficiently long a second wooden bar u² is placed between the next pair
of rollers and so on.
When the strip of paper is sufficiently dry, it is wound on the winding up
roller V by turning the crank V¹; after removing the wooden bars U2 and the
strip of paper is cut and taken off the winding up cylinder V, which has been
detached after locking the roller Uo1 by means of the hook z. The end of the strip
of paper which has been cut is again inserted and pressed between the winding
up roller and the roller U1 in order to continue the copying and so on. Owing
to the compressing roller N being capable of sliding vertically, it is possible
by placing it by means of the lever R¹ in more or less close contact with the
1olier H to obtain several very legible copies of a writing which has passed several
times through the compressing cylinders. It is preferable that the rollers
D, E, M, should consist of a central part of hardened indiarubber provided with
a covering of soft indiarubber. It is evident that the drying frame, instead of
being arranged in the framing of the copying apparatus, may be supported by a
separate framing. The endless band of cloth G might also be replaced by a
roller covered with a moistened cloth and immersed in the reservoir Co.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. A copying apparatus comprising an axially sliding paper feeding roller
upon which the copying paper is wound, an endless moistening cloth over which
the copying paper passes and a pair of compressing rollers designed to produce the

page_text: copy of a written document on the moistened copying paper, and of which the
upper roller may, by means of a suitable device, be moved nearer to or further
away from the lower roller, in order to apply more or less pressure, and a drying
frame provided with winding rollers on which the paper having received the im-
pression is wound for drying, as herein described and set forta.
2. In an apparatus for copying as described, in the detachable paper feeding
roller the device of plates 1 placed on each extreme pivot between two discs t
adjusted freely on the ends of two screws u u' inserted through the sides of the
framing of the machine, so that by unscrewing one of the screws u and screwing
down the other corresponding screw u the roller may be caused to slide axially,
as herein described and set forth.
3. In an apparatus for copying as described, the combination of an endless
band Garranged in the framing of the machine and the tension of which may
be regulated, rollers C, D, E, guiding said band one of said rollers, C, by its
immersion in water moistening the band, said band passing between the rolier D
and another compressing roller 1 slidable in the framing of the machine moisten-
ing the copying paper, the excess of water being first expressed by the com-
pressing roller r', thereby allowing of regulating the moistening to a minimum,
as herein described and set forth.
4. In an apparatus for copying as described, the combination of the upper
roller N, being one of a pair of compressing rollers M N designed to effect the
copying of written documents on moistened copying paper, said roller N passing
with each of its extreme pivots a through a siot o tormed in a block o nxed or
sliding in the cap of the framing of the machine and mounted in a rotary manner
in a side block Q sliding in a recess in the said fixed block, and of a bar K
mounted over the compressing roller N, provided with a lever having eccentric
end pivots in the said fixed block passing through a slot in the said slide
block Q, so that by the pivoting of the bar R by means of the hand lever in
one or the other direction the side block Q and consequently the compressing
roller N are moved downwards or upwards, thereby allowing the upper roller to
be moved nearer to or further away from the lower roller M, as herein described and
set forth.
5. In an apparatus for copying as described, the combination in the drying
frame of a detachable winding up roller V capable of being rotated, and of a
certain number of small rotary rollers U U°, the roller to nearest the winding
up roller V sliding with each of its extreme pivots in the side band of the frame
and being acted upon by a spring u³, which tends to press the roller U against
the winding up roller V, allowing it to be maintained by turning the hooks down
on its extreme pivots in its position away from the winding up roller V, in such
a way that by raising the hooks c, the strip of paper passing over the drying frame
is pressed between the roller U and the winding up roller V and the said strip
of copying paper by the action of the wooden bars resting upon it is drawn down
and atter drying may be wound upon the winding up roller V, as herein described
and set forth.