IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BRUSHES FOR POLISHING YARNS OR THREADS, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Godfrey Ermen and Godfrey Anthony Ermen,
both of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturers,
and William Foster, of Pendlebury, in the same County, Sizer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BRUSHES
FOR POLISHING YARNS OR THREADS, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
Sealed the 24th May 1870, and dated the 20th December 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Godfrey Ermen,
Godfrey Anthony Ermen, and William Foster at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 20th
December 1869.
We, GODFREY ERMEN and GODFREY ANTHONY ERMEN, both of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturers, and WILLIAM
FOSTER, of Pendlebury, in the same County, Sizer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OF BRUSHES FOR POLISHING YARNS OR THREADS, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES," to
be as follows:-
Our Invention is particularly applicable to the revolving brushes used

page_text: tageously used in making brushes for dressing machines, and for various
other purposes.
The nature of our Invention consists in making the stocks of brushes
in two or more parts, the object being to support the bristles or other
materials of which the brush is made at a certain distance from the face
of the stock, by which means the bristles or other materials are kept to
the requisite degree of elasticity, and the brushes are rendered more
durable than heretofore.
In performing our Invention the bristles or other materials are fixed
as usual in a piece of wood or other substance, and they pass through
holes or slots in one or more "regulators" or pieces of wood or other
substance which are connected to the stock. When the bristles or
other materials are worn partly away and become too short for work
the "regulator" is removed or its position is changed so as to leave the
required length of bristles or other materials at liberty for work.
In revolving brushes the stocks are generally secured to pulleys or
arms; when such is the case on removing the "regulator" from the
bristles it may be placed between the back of the stock and the pulley
or arm, so as to keep the brush to the proper diameter; but in some
cases it may be preferable to vary the position of the "regulator" by
set screws or otherwise, so as to keep the bristles or other materials at
all times of about the same length. In some cases the " regulator"
may be a fixture, and the stock with the bristles or other materials
pushed forward by set screws or otherwise when required.
Another part of our Invention consists in making the bristles or other
materials to project on each side of the stock, so that when one side is
'worn the stock may be reversed to bring the other side in working
position,

page_text: County of Lancaster, Manufacturers, and WILLIAM FOSTER, of Pendle-
bury, in the same County, Sizer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand. eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the
thirty-third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Godfrey Ermen, Godfrey Anthony
Ermen, and William Foster, Her special license that we, the said
Godfrey Ermen, Godfrey Anthony Ermen, and William Foster, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
Godfrey Ermen, Godfrey Anthony Ermen, and William Foster, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BRUSHES FOR POLISHING YARNS OR
THREADS, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said. Godfrey Ermen, Godfrey Anthony Ermen, and
William Foster, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our, or their, or one of our or their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Godfrey Ermen, Godfrey Anthony
Ermen, and William Foster, do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
(that is to say):—
Our Invention is particularly applicable to the revolving brushes used
in machinery for polishing yarns or threads, but it may be advan-
tageously used in making brushes for dressing machines, and for various
other purposes, and it consists in making the stocks of brushes in two or
more parts, the object being to support the bristles or other materials of
which the brush is made at a certain distance from the face of the stock,
by which means the bristles or other materials are kept to the requisite

page_text: .degree of elasticity, and the brushes are rendered more durable than
heretofore.
Another part of our Invention consists in making the bristles or other
materials to project on each side of the stock, so that when one side is
worn the stock may be reversed to bring the other side in working
position.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood we will
proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which
Fig. 1 is an end view, and Fig. 2 a side view of a brush constructed
according to our Invention, suitable for polishing yarn or thread.
"
"
The bristles or other materials of which the brush is made are fixed as
usual in a piece of wood or other substance commonly called the
stock, marked a, and they pass through holes or slots in one or more
' regulators or pieces of wood or other substance marked b, b, which
are connected to the stock by the bolts c, c, or otherwise. When the
bristles or other materials are worn partly away and become too short for
work one of the regulators is removed, or its position is changed so as
to leave the required length of bristles or other materials at liberty for
work, but before removing the regulator, if the bristles are worn
irregularly it may be desirable to cut off all the bristles projecting above
the regulator.
In revolving brushes the stocks are generally secured to pulleys or
arms; when such is the case on removing the "regulator" from the
bristles, it may be placed between the back of the stock and the pulley
or arm, so as to keep the brush to the proper diameter. In some cases
it may be preferable to vary the position of the "regulator" by set
screws, as shewn in Fig. 3, or otherwise, so as to keep the bristles or
other materials at all times of about the same length; in this instanco
the regulator 6 is supported at each end between the lock nuts of the
screws c, which are fixed in or pass through the stock a.
The regulator
may be a fixture, and the stock with the bristles or other materials
pushed forward by set screws or otherwise when required.
Fig. 4 represents the end view of a brush in which the bristles or
other materials project on each side of the stock a. By this arrangement
when one side of the bristles is worn the position of the stock is
reversed to bring the other end of the bristles in position for working.

page_text: Having thus stated the nature of our Invention, and described the
manner of performing the same, we wish it to be understood that we do
not intend to limit ourselves to the details given, as the number of the
regulators and the means for altering their position may be varied,
and we claim as our improvements in the construction of brushes,-
First. The application of one or more regulators to brushes, in the
manner and for the purposes described in reference to Figs. 1 and 2.
Secondly. The application of a movable regulator to a fixed stock, as
shewn and described in reference to Fig. 3.
Thirdly. The application of a fixed regulator to a movable stock, as
described.
And, lastly. Making the bristles or other materials project from both
sides of the stock, as shewn and described in Fig. 4.
In witness whereof, we, the said Godfrey Ermen, Godfrey Anthony
Ermen, and William Foster, have hereto set our hands and
seals, this Sixteenth day of June, One thousand eight hundred
and seventy.