CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF PRINTING, COLOURING, OR DYING COTTON OR OTHER FABRICS; AND IN THE MODE OF PRODUCING CERTAIN ACID OR ACIDS APPLICABLE TO THESE OR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1838

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ABRAHAM
BURY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Esquire, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by
"Her Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Third day of November, in the second year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Abraham Bury, Her especial licence, that I, the said Abraham Bury, my
exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Abraham Bury,
my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time, agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of." CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF PRINTING, COLOURING, OR DYING COTTON OR OTHER
FABRICS; AND IN THE MODE OF PRODUCING CERTAIN ACID OR ACIDS APPLICABLE TO
THESE OR OTHER PURPOSES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso,
obliging me, the said Abraham Bury, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said

page_text: Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the
same to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said recited
Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will
more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Abraham Bury, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention to consist
in extracting deoxidized indigo from the ordinary vats, commonly called blue
vats, in which it is made, and transferring it to an air-tight or almost air-tight
vessel, whence it is admitted into the color box of a printing, coloring, or
dying machine, in such manner as to cause a less exposure to the atmosphere
than by any other means now known to me as in use; and also, in such an
improvement in the color box itself, and the mode of adjusting the printing
roller thereto, as enables the operator to keep the box constantly full of color,
and to apply the color to the cotton cloth or fabric to be printed, colored, or
dyed, so rapidly after leaving the box as to cause the saturation or coloring or
printing of the fabric, before oxydation to any important extent can possibly
take place, though the said operations of printing, colouring, or dying all take
place in the ordinary atmospheric air, as usual. And in further compliance
with the said proviso, I, the said Abraham Bury, do hereby describe the
manner in which my said Invention is to be performed by the following state-
ment thereof, reference being had to the Drawing annexed and to the figures
and letters marked thereon, similar letters being used to denote similar parts
in all the Figures.
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the
same to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said recited
Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will
more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Abraham Bury, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention to consist
in extracting deoxidized indigo from the ordinary vats, commonly called blue
vats, in which it is made, and transferring it to an air-tight or almost air-tight
vessel, whence it is admitted into the color box of a printing, coloring, or
dying machine, in such manner as to cause a less exposure to the atmosphere
than by any other means now known to me as in use; and also, in such an
improvement in the color box itself, and the mode of adjusting the printing
roller thereto, as enables the operator to keep the box constantly full of color,
and to apply the color to the cotton cloth or fabric to be printed, colored, or
dyed, so rapidly after leaving the box as to cause the saturation or coloring or
printing of the fabric, before oxydation to any important extent can possibly
take place, though the said operations of printing, colouring, or dying all take
place in the ordinary atmospheric air, as usual. And in further compliance
with the said proviso, I, the said Abraham Bury, do hereby describe the
manner in which my said Invention is to be performed by the following state-
ment thereof, reference being had to the Drawing annexed and to the figures
and letters marked thereon, similar letters being used to denote similar parts
in all the Figures.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 represents the whole of my said improvements in printing, coloring,
or dying. A is an ordinary color vat, containing deoxidised indigo made in the
ordinary way, with ground indigo, water, lime, and sulphate of iron, or made in
any other suitable manner; which deoxidised indigo I thicken either in the vat A
(Figure 1), or in the air-tight vessel E (Figure 1), or in any other suitable
vessel, when the object is printing, coloring, or dying, for the purpose of my
Invention, and the thickening which I prefer is by means of gum senegal. In
this vat it will be seen that a sediment lies towards the bottom, while the
action of the atmosphere has oxidized the surface and turned it blue; I there-
fore introduce the pipe B at that part of the mixture which is almost colorless
and deoxidized; this pipe B communicates with the force pump C, the rising
Figure 1 represents the whole of my said improvements in printing, coloring,
or dying. A is an ordinary color vat, containing deoxidised indigo made in the
ordinary way, with ground indigo, water, lime, and sulphate of iron, or made in
any other suitable manner; which deoxidised indigo I thicken either in the vat A
(Figure 1), or in the air-tight vessel E (Figure 1), or in any other suitable
vessel, when the object is printing, coloring, or dying, for the purpose of my
"Invention, and the thickening which I prefer is by means of gum senegal. In
this vat it will be seen that a sediment lies towards the bottom, while the
action of the atmosphere has oxidized the surface and turned it blue; I there;
fore introduce the pipe B at that part of the mixture which is almost colorless
and deoxidized; this pipe B communicates with the force pump C, the rising

page_text: main of which D communicates with a syringe or air-tight vessel E. This
syringe being placed above the printing, coloring, or dyeing machine, is made to
communicate with the color box G, by the feed pipe II, furnished with a stop-
cock I, J, at each end. When the operations of printing, coloring, or dyeing
are to begin, a quantity of color is to be pumped into the syringe, which of
course raises the piston, the handle of which is shewn at K, and which handle
serves as a register of its contents. When the syringe is full, the cocks I, J,
are to be opened, and the contents of the syringe forced into the color box;
when, if it be kept full by means of the syringe, of course all atmospheric air
will be expelled, and all that will be injurious will be the little air at first con-
tained in the color box, for that portion which gets to the surface of the roller
on its passage through the short space at S, between the time of its leaving the
color box and getting to the cloth or fabric on the roller L, is so imperceptible,
when the rollers are moved at their usual speed, as not to be practically
injurious. The other parts of this Figure merely represent ordinary calico-
printing machinery, and therefore need no written description. Now, it is
evident that if the before-mentioned syringe E were applied to an ordinary
color box, with the roller applied in the ordinary manner, the power of the
syringe would force the color out of the box; to provide against this, therefore,
I fix the circular bearings of the printing, padding, or dyeing or coloring roller
(as the case may be) with cushions, as shown at M in Figure 2, which Figure
is a perspective view of the box on a larger scale; and I place on the top edge
of the box, opposite the ordinary doctor O, an adjustable bearing cushion N.
which is pressed tight against the side of the roller, and being placed a littlo
above the centre of the axis of the roller, this not only presses against the side
of the roller, but keeps it down tight upon the cushions of the semicircular
bearings, and thus prevents the oozing out of the color and the admission of
atmospheric air. Figure 3 is a front elevation of the color box and roller;
Figure 4 is a section of the syringe or air-tight vessel, and an end view of the
color box, and printing, padding, or dyeing or coloring roller, as the case may..
be, showing the pipe P for the escape of the air as the color is forced into it,
at first setting the machine to work; Figures 5 and 6 represent a piece of
leather or caoutchouc, or other suitable material, and a piece of wood or other
suitable material, which, when fastened on to either end of the color box, form
the semicircular bearing cushion at either end; the leather or caoutchouc, or
other suitable material, being of course allowed to project a little above the
wood, so as to take the bearing of the roller. And I, the said Abraham Bury,

page_text: do hereby declare that part of my said. Invention which applies to that part.of
the production of sulphuric acid, known as concentration, to consist in boiling
or evaporating chamber acid or dilute sulphuric acid in vaccuo.. The common
process for concentrating sulphuric acid is by boiling it down in a glass retort
or platina vessel, the requisite heat being applied to such retort or vessel, and
the water being driven off in a state of vapour into the atmosphere.
.
.
My improvement consists in attaching closely to this said retort or vessel, at
and below the place where the aqueous vapours are usually driven off, a close
chamber, surrounded with cold water, which I call my condenser, for the pur
pose of collecting the water distilled over; and in connecting this close chamber
or the platina or glass retort with an air exhausting apparatus of any known
kind; by, boiling down the dilute acid in vaccuo, I am enabled to boil at a
considerably lower temperature than by any process hitherto in use.
Now, whereas I claim as my Invention the following improvements, that is
to say,―
First, extracting deoxidized indigo from any vessel in which it has been
made, and transferring it into any air-tight vessel or. vessels suitable for the
purpose aforesaid.
"
Second, connecting the said air-tight vessel with the color box or color
receptacle, so as to be able to fill and feed the said box or receptacle with the
least possible exposure to the atmosphere, (and which after experience may
enable the operator to do by means of exhaustion, without any exposure to the
atmospheric air at all..
Third, the application of cushions or other packing and pressure to the
roller, which works in the color box or color receptacle (whether that roller be
a printing, padding, coloring, or dying roller, for the purpose of preventing
the admission as much as possible of atmospheric air to the color consistently
with the.free turning of the roller.
. And, fourth; the production of concentrated sulphuric acid by boiling or
evaporating in vacuo..
I
And such my Invention being to the best, of my knowledge and belief
entirely new and never before used within that part of Her said Majesty's
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, Her Dominion
of Wales, or Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,. I do hereby declare this to be my
Specification of the same, and that I do verily believe this my said. Specification
doth comply in all respects fully and without reserve or..disguise with the
proviso in the said: herein-before .in part recited Letters Patent contained;

page_text: Whererore
nereby
mamicam CACTUSTY
improvements.
In witness whereof, I, the said Abraham Bury, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Third day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-nine.
CHA M. CLODE, HIS
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Third day of May, in the
year of our Lord 1839, the aforesaid Abraham Bury came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery; and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in: form
above written. And also the. Specification 'aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose....
Inrolled the Third day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand

page_text: ABRAHAM BURY. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed,, and delivered, by the above-
named Abraham Bury, in the presence of
JOHN WATSON WALMSLEY, Sol',
43, Chancery Lane.
To the Clerk of the Patents of England.
This is to certify, That the above-named Abraham Bury has applied to me
for leave to enter with you the above-written Disclaimer of part of the title of a
certain Invention for which Letters Patent were duly granted to him under
the Great Seal, dated at Westminster, the Third day of November, One thousand
eight hundred and thirty-eight; and on considering of the said application, I

page_text: directed him to advertize his said Disclaimer in the London Gazette, and in
the Times, Morning Chronicle, and Manchester Guardian newspapers, and
such advertizements have been duly made in the said Gazette on the Twenty-
third day of April, in the Times and Morning Chronicle on the Twentieth, and in
the Manchester Guardian newspapers on the Twenty-fourth day of this same
month; and no objection having been made to the said application, I have
accordingly granted leave to the said Abraham Bury to file his said Disclaimer,
pursuant to the Statute passed in the sixth year of the reign of His late
Majesty, intituled "An Act to amend the Law touching Letters Patent for
"
Inrolled the Third day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and thirty-nine.