IMPROVEMENTS IN ARTIFICIAL PALATES, TEETH, AND GUMS, AND CERTAIN MA- CHINERY EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF
Year: 1846

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
VALENTINE BARTLETT, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Dentist, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Fifteenth day of May, in the ninth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Henry Valentine Bartlett, my exors, admors, and assigns, Her especial licence,
full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Henry Valentine
Bartlett, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Henry
Valentine Bartlett, my exors, adññors, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of
years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and.
vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and
in the Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, and Man, and also in
all Her said Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention of
IMPROVEMENTS IN ARTIFICIAL PALATES, TEETH, AND GUMS, AND CERTAIN MA-
CHINERY EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF;" in which said Letters

page_text: Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said Henry Valentine Bartlett,
shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her
said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent,
as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at
largo appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Henry Valentine Bartlett, hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is performed, are fully described in and by the
following description thereof, reference, being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say:-
In making artificial palates, teeth, and gums, 1 dispense with all pins,
rivets, springs, and ligatures, and avoid also entirely the use of metallic
substances. I prefer using the ivory of the hippopotamus, commonly known
in commerco as African ivory. It is exceedingly durable, not perceptibly
affected by the gastree juice or by acids, and preserves its original colour for a
long time unimpaired. But where cheapness is an object, I employ the ivory
of the walrus or sperm whale, or any of the other inferior sorts. 1 first make
a cast of the mouth or part of the mouth which is to be fitted with the
artificial substitute in the softened beeswax commonly used in casting. From
this cast I take an impression in reverse in plaster of Paris, and from that
reverse impression or mould I take another in relief in some plastic material
which softens and hardens readily, such as shellac or gutta percha, which last
impression is of course an exact counterpart of the original. I then carve out
of a piece of ivory, of the particular sort before mentioned, au exact fac simile
of the model so obtained, which shews the parts in which any new toeth
required must be inserted, and indicates also the forms to be given to theso
teeth and to the holes in which they aro to be inserted. And employ for
these purposes machinery of the description represented in the Drawings
hereunto annexed.
Figure 1 of these Drawings is an elevation and Figure 2 a ground plan of
the said machinery. M is a foundation plato which supports a frame G', G',
from the top of which rises a forked standard B, which carries a grooved
pulley B. G is a drill frame which slides in V grooves within the larger
frame G. E is the drill spindle, which is connected at top by means of a
cord C, carried over the pulley B to a ratchet lever L, which again is
connected by a cord C to a treadle machine N. The spindle E is screwed
nearly throughout its entire length, as shown, but has a free up-and-down

page_text: motion through plain holes in the cross pieces a and b of the two frames
G' and G³, the object of so screwing it being to enable it to be stopped at any :
given degree of elevation by means of the lock screw F. At bottom the
spindle rests in a socket in the top of the stock H', in which is inserted tho
drill H. At top it has a broad slot in it, within which there is fixed a grooved
pulley D, on which the end A' of a weighted lever A¹ presses so as to keep
the drill to its work, and at such a degree of pressure as may be required.
P is a pulley which is fixed on the top end of the drill stock within the
frame G², and is caused to revolve in a horizontal direction by means of the
back spindle and pulleys O, O, so as to give a horizontal circular motion to
the drill. R is a circular rest or chuck on which the piece of ivory to be
operated upon is placed and held fast in manner separately represented in the
plans Figures 3 and 4, Figure 3 showing how a complète pallet is secured to
the face of the rest, in order to have holes made for the insertion of the teeth,
and Figure 4 how a single tooth is secured. J, J, J, J, are four centre screws
for keeping the rest R in its place.
•
Figure 5 to 18, both inclusive, are full-sized representations of the different
sorts of drills and bits which I employ according to the different forms to bo
given to the palates, or to the gums, or to the teeth, or to the holes for the
reception of the teeth, as exemplified in the group of Figures 19. T is the
nozzle end of a flexible pipe through which a stream of air is blown upon the
work while it is under the operation of the drill, in order to clear away the
chips and dust as produced, and to keep the ivory at a low temperature.
Figure 20 shows a complete set of artificial teeth, both under and upper,
fixed in their gums or sockets, which latter, being of the exact form of the
mouth, are retained therein by the mere force of atmospheric pressure. I
prefer making the teeth of any approved mineral composition, but they may
be made of ivory, or natural teeth may be adapted to the artificial palates and
gums aforesaid.
And having now described my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is the manufacture of palates,
teeth, and gums made of hippopotamus or other ivory, and the fitting in of
teeth into artificial palates and guns without pins, rivets, springs, or ligatures,
in manner and by means of the machinery before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Valentine Bartlett, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of November, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-six.
H. V. (L.S.) BARTLETT.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Thirteenth day of November,
in the year of our Lord 1846, the aforesaid Henry Valentine Bartlett came
before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the
Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified,
in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Fourteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-six.