Improvements in Mechanical Joints for Connecting Together Parts of Cycle and other Vehicle Framings.
Year: 1898

page_text: Improvements in Mechanical Joints for Connecting Together Parts of
Cycle and other Vehicle Framings.
I, CHARLES THOMAS BROCK SANGSTER, Works Manager to The Cycle Components
Manufacturing Company Limited, of Bournbrook, near the City of Birmingham,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
This invention relates to means for connecting together mechanically, or without
brazing, tubular parts of cycle and other vehicle framings, and consists in the
employment of an internally located block liner or force, which, when expanded by
the application of power externally, its sections or parts distend or stretch the
surrounding walls of a tubular member into or within the socket part or lug
or junction, so that by the friction adhesion set up between the parts thus brought
into intimate contact, the rigid connection of one member to the other is
mechanically effected.
According to one form of my invention the means of a loose two part block liner
or sectional force, one section consisting of a semi-circular and partly split hollow
member, with the middle of the split counterbored to receive a conical or other
plug or wedge, which, when driven home by suitable means, expands the walls of
the split part of the force, the outside curvature of whose two sections is struck
from the same centre as that of the inside of the tubular member to be expanded.
The other section of the liner or force consists of a block with a face of the
same curvature as the periphery of the split and expansible section, and having a
screwed hole through it, coming coincident to the plug or wedge of the other said
section, and adapted to receive a screw pin, whose shank (if one is employed),
passes through or partly through coincident holes in the expanding member end
and in the walls of the socket or junction wherein the said end takes.
The sections of the force are introduced into the mouth end of the tube to be
connected up, with the hole in the said member coincident with the screw hole
in the solid section. The tube is next placed into the socket or junction to which
it is to be made fast, and then a screw pin is passed through a hole in the said socket
and the coinciding holes in the member and solid section until its end impinges on
the plug or wedge, when, on the fully screwing up of the said pin, the wedge is
forced between the split of the expanding section, which opens out and also cants
and forces the block section forcibly against the opposed walls of the tube, and
the curved surface of the split section is likewise forced against its opposed part of
the tube, the walls of which are thereby expanded and wedged immovably within
the junction or socket.
As a modification, a thick split metal ring may be employed as the force, which
is expanded by means of a plug or wedge driven through a counter bore made at the
split, through the medium of a screw or other means, whilst as a further modifica-
tion, the force may consist of a cylindrical block, split diagonally into two sections
with their inclined faces coming upon one another and with a screw pin passing

page_text: through a wormed hole in the one and impinging upon an inclined
bearing on or within the other, so that by the screwing home of the
said pin, the said opposed inclined surfaces are made to work one over the other
and increase the normal diameter of the force, which expands the walls of a member
wherein it is disposed to a corresponding extent.
T
1000
Improvements in Mechanical Joints for Connecting Together Parts of
Cycle and other Vehicle Framings.
I, CHARLES THOMAS BROCK SANGSTER, Works Manager to The Cycle Components
Manufacturing Company. Limited, of Bournbrook, near the City of Birmingham,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement: —
This invention relates to means for connecting together mechanically, or without
brazing, tubular parts of cycle and other vehicle framings, and consists in the
employment of an internally located sectional or split block liner or force, so
arranged that when expanded by the application of power externally, its sections
or parts distend or stretch the surrounding walls of a tubular member into or within
the socket part of a lug or junction, so that by the frictional adhesion set up
between the parts thus brought into intimate contact, the rigid connection of one
member to the other is mechanically effected.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing represents a transverse vertical section
of one form of mechanical joint embodying my improvements.
Figure 2 is a plan of one of the sections employed.
Figure 3 represents the component parts employed in the formation of the said
joint separately, with the parts of the expanding block being shown in section.
According to the form of my invention represented in the said Figures 1, 2 and 3,
the means for effecting the connection of a tubular member a, to the socket b,
of a cycle or like framing comprises a loose two-part block liner or sectional force c,
one section consisting of a semi-circular and partly split hollow member c', with
the middle of the split ², counterbored at c³3, to receive a conical plug or wedge d,
which when driven home by a screw e, as hereinafter described, expands the walls
of the split part of the force, the outside curvature of the two sections of which
is struck from the same centre as that of the inside of the tubular member to be
expanded.
The other section of the liner or force consists of a block c', with a face of the
same curvature as the split and expansible section, and having a screwed hole c³,
through it, coming coincident with the plug or wedge of the other said section and
adapted to receive the screw pin e, whose shank passes through coincident
holes a, b, in the end of the tube a and in the walls of the socket or junction
wherein the said end takes.
The sections c', c', of the force c, are introduced into the mouth end of the tube a,
to be connected up, with the hole in the said tube coinciding with the screwed

page_text: hole, in the solid section c¹. The tube is next placed into the socket or junction
to which it is to be made fast and then the screw pin is passed through the holes
in the said socket and tube and wormed through the hole, in the said solid section
until its end e¹, impinges on the plug or wedge d, which, on the fully screwing
up of the said pin, is forced between the split of the expanding section which opens
out. The block section, is forced against the opposed walls of the tube and
the curved surface of the split section is likewise forced against its opposed part
of the tube, the walls of which are thereby expanded and wedged immovably
within the junction or socket.
Figure 4 represents a cross section of a mechanical joint made according to
another form of my invention.
Figure 5 represents the component parts separately.
In this arrangement (Figures 4 and 5), a metal ring c, split at c¹, is employed as
the force, the walls of which are expanded by means of a plug or wedge d, driven
through a corresponding counterbore 3, made through the split c', through the
medium of a screw e, which passes through plain holes a¹, b', made in the walls of
the tube a, and lug socket b, to be connected and through the screwed hole c³, in
the force, with its inner end e¹, impinging against the wedge d, so that on the
screwing up of the said pin, part of the force is expanded by the wedge whilst other
parts are drawn into intimate contact with the inside of the tube by the action of
the screwed shank of the pin e.
Figure 6 represents a section of a modified form of force that may be used in
connection with the last described arrangement.
Figure 7 represents a cross section of a modification of the arrangement
represented in Figures 4, 5 and 6, and
Figure 8 represents the split force or expanding block thereof.
In this form, the split block c, is expanded by a wedge d, lying within a coned
counterboring 3, made through the split 2, and forced inwards by the impinge-
ment of a screw e, taking through coinciding screwed holes a¹, b', in the tube a,
and lug b, to be connected.
Instead of the screw acting to drive the plug or wedge into the split for expand-
ing the force, the said screw may be made to act in the contrary direction and
draw the said wedge into the split. Figure 9 represents a transverse vertical
section of another form of mechanical joint in which the screw acts in this way.
Figure 10 is a plan of the force showing the expanding wedge lying within the
split, with the operating pin in section.
Figure 11 represents an end elevation, of the said block or force and wedge, with
their screws and Figure 12 is a side elevation, but with the auxiliary screws for
drawing parts of the block into intimate contact with the inside of the tube,
removed.
In this modification Figures 9 to 12, c is the expanding block or force, with the
wedge d, lying within the split c², thereof. The said wedge has an inside screwed
hole d', which receives the screwed end e¹, of an operating pin e, whose shank
passes through plain holes a¹, b¹, in the socketted tube and lug a, and b, with its
head e, taking an abutment against the outside of the said lug. The split force
also has screwed holes at c and c, receiving the screwed shanks of supplementary
pins f, which when screwed up, act in the same way as the shank of the pin e, in
the arrangements previously described and represented in Figures 1 to 6 in
drawing parts of the said force into intimate frictional contact with the opposed
walls of the tube.
It is understood that instead of acting upon the sliding wedge piece d, by an
impinging screw pin as in Figures 1 to 12, that the said wedge may be drawn
outwards and into the split of the expanding force by providing the same with a
screwed tail end or shank extending outwardly through clearances in the tube
and lug and receiving an outside nut bearing upon the said lug, and by the
tightening up of which, the internal force is expanded and the tube secured within
its socket.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
First Connecting together mechanically tubular parts of cycle and other
vehicle framings, by the employment of an internally-located sectional or split liner
or force, arranged to be expanded by the application of power externally, whereby
its sections or parts distend or stretch the surrounding walls of a tubular member
into or within the socket part of a lug or junction and by the frictional adhesion set
up between the parts, rigidly connect the one member to the other substantially as
herein described and set forth.
Secondly: In a nechanical joint as referred to in the preceding claim, the
combination with the split or sectional force or block, of externally-operated screws
taking through plain holes in the tube and lug to be united and into wormed holes
in the force itself, substantially as and for the purpose described and set forth in
Figures 9, 10, 11 and 12.
1
P
1000
CHARLES THOMAS BROCK SANGSTER.
By Henry Skerrett,
24, Temple Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.