Improvements in or connected with Photographic Apparatus.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd June, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Mar., 1897-Accepted, 24th Apr., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Photographic Apparatus.
I, JANG LANDSING, of Brooklyn, King's County, New York, in the United
States of America, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in or connected with photographic
apparatis specially adapted for field work, by means of which the full process of
making and developing negatives may be carried on out of doors in the full light of
day. Its objects are to dispense with the dark room or box usually employed in
developing negatives; to so construct and simplify the apparatus that the whole
art of producing developed negatives may be carried on out of doors thus enabling
an operator in the field to determine on the spot whether or not his negatives are
satisfactory; and to reduce the necessary apparatus to such proportions that it will
be conveniently portable and well adapted for field work. It consists
First Of a storage box or magazine for the plates provided at one end with two
openings through one of which the plates may be inserted and through the other with-
drawn, the openings being provided with suitable devices for attaching the plate-holder
of a camera and for excluding light at all times. The box is further provided with
means for feeding the plates across from the ingress to the egress side thereof and
with a device for ejecting the plates one by one into the plate. bolder when the
latter is in position for being charged.
Second: Of the plate holder adapted to be connected to the box or magazine to
receive from it or discharge into it the plates, and to be also connected for the same
purpose to the developing chamber or tank that constitutes another feature of my
invention.
Third: Of the developing chamber or tank which is of such construction and
such small proportions as to he easily manipulated and carried about thereby
dispensing entirely with the dark room or box now commonly used in developing:
negatives.
Fourth Of means for charging the developing chamber or tank with developing
fluid and withdrawing the same from the tank into a suitable storage vessel. And
Fifth Of certain details of construction which contribute to the general purpose:
of my invention.
The accompanying drawings show my invention in the form at present preferred
by me but many obvious changes within the skill of a good mechanic might be made-
in the details thereof and some parts substituted for others by slight modification
without departing from the general purposes.
Figure 1, is a perspective view of my improved plate box or magazine, partly
broken away to show the interior.
Figure 2, is a horizontal section of the same on the plane 2-2, of Figure 1.
Figure 3, is a similar section of a portion on the plane 3-3, of Figure 1.
Figure 4, is a perspective sectional view of the lower corner of the magazine at
its delivery or egress end.
Figure 5, is a horizontal sectional view, through a portion of the magazine and
through a plate holder applied thereto in position to receive a plate from the
magazine, such a plate being shown as partly pushed out of the magazine and into
the holder.

page_text: Figure 6, is a perspective view of a plate holder adapted to be used in connection
with my magazine and my developing tank, portions being shown broken away to
disclose the internal construction.
Figure 7, is a perspective view of the lower corner of the receiving end of the
plate holder illustrating the details of construction thereof.
Figure 8, is a side elevation of my developing tank or chamber.
Figure 9, is an elevation of the same, seen edgewise..
Figure 10, is a plan view of the top or cover of the tank.
Figures 11 and 12, are detail sectional views showing the relative positions of the
slot in the cover with respect to the opening in the tank; in Figure 11, the slot
being in register with the tank opening while in Figure 12, it is swung away as in
Figure 10.
Figure 13, is a side elevation of a casing, pocket, or cover, for the tank, showing
apertures in both sides through which light may pass and on one side a projecting
hood or shield for the eyes of the operator while watching the process of develop-
ment in the tank...
Figure 14, is a vertical transverse section of the same on the plane 14-14, of
Figure 13.
Figure 15, is a plan view of the casing.
Figure 16, is a vertical, central section through my developing tank and plate
helder applied thereto, the plate or negative having passed from the holder into the
developing chamber..
Figure 17, is a vertical sectional view of my developing tank, showing the plate
ready for development and showing the storage vessel for the developing fluid in
position to charge the tank.
Figure 18, is a similar view showing the position of the devices when the
developing fluid is being drawn out of the tank and into. the storage vessel.
'
Figure 19, shows in section a. modification. of the tank.
Throughout the drawings like letters of reference indicate like parts.
And
My improved plate magazine consists of a rectangular light proof box A, having
at its end openings a, and a', for the insertion and withdrawal of the plates. Inside
cf the box is a loose board. or follower B, normally pressed towards the egress. side
of the box by a spiral spring b, which may be retracted. by the cord,,or hand line b',
attached to the follower and running through the side of the box as shown in
Figure 2.. The ingress opening a, is located sufficiently far from the inner side of
the box to provide space in which the follower may lie when retracted, while the
opening a', is so located that one side lies directly in the plane of the inner face of
the box.
The corner A, of the magazine is removable for the purpose of originally loading
or charging it, with properly prepared plates, any desired number of which may be
placed in front of the spring follower while it is held. in its retracted position.
These plates may be withdrawn from the magazine, one by one,, through. the.
opening a'. Alter being exposed they may either be developed at once or returned
to the magazine through the opening a, for temporary storage and future development.
In order to separate the unexposed plates from the others, which may thus be:
returned to the magazine, and to guard against the rinsing of a plate which has
been exposed, 1. employ a louse board or separator B', which lies between and
separates the unexposed plates from those which have been exposed. This follower
may be made thicker than the width of the slot a', so that when all of the
unexposed plates have been taken out through said slot the follower will block the
passage and thus notify the operator that. his stock is exhausted. This prevents
mistakes arising from failure to keep correct tally and obviates the danger of
soiling an exposed but undeveloped plate by again exposing it in. the camera.
When a plate is to be withdrawn, the magazine may be tilted at such an angle
that the plate, will slide from it by the action of gravity. As the plates, however,
sometimes stick, I overcome this objection by an ejector bar C, sliding in a groove
or recess D, on the inner face of the box and provided with a toe or angle c, which

page_text: This bar is
engages the end of the first plate as shown in Figures 1 and 3.
provided with a handle ou the end of a spindle C, which projects from the bar
through a slot d, in the side of the box. Another plate or bar C2, mounted on the
outer end of the spindle lies in a recess D¹, on the outer face of the box and covers
the slot opening d, so as to effectually prevent the admission of light into the
magazine. When the apparatus is in position for the withdrawal of a plate, the
handle C', is pushed down and the toe c, acting upon the first-plate overcomes any
resistance to its movement and gives it the initial start necessary to project it from
the magazine. The pressure of the spring , may be overcome to any desired'
degree by pulling on the cord 1, so as to relieve the frictional resistance to the
moving plate. The passage-ways a, and a', open into recesses or sunken grooves e
and e, in the end of the magazine. The outer edges of these grooves are provided
with guide ledges ff, formed by plates F, secured to the surface of the magazine.
To prevent the admission of light to the interior of the magazine through the
slots a, a', I close them by means of slides or gates G, which rest in guide slots g,
across the passage-ways a and a¹. These gates enter their guide slots from the
bottom side of the magazine and are provided at their lower ends with angle
pieces.G', by means of which they may be manipulated. In order to give them
greater stiffnesss I prefer to form them with a rib or flange g, along one or both
sides as desired.
My plate holder for use in the camera consists of a square frame H, provided
with the usual dark slides H' H', and a ground glass plate H', which may be used
for focusing and between which aud one of the slides is provided a grooved
channel h, for the reception of a negative plate. An opening h', through the end
of the frame connects with this channel and is closed by a gate G, similar in
construction and purpose to the gates which close the openings a a', in the
magazine. Grooves 2, are formed in each side of the frame near that end of it
containing the opening A. When a plate is to be transferred from the magazine
to the holder the latter is applied to the face of the magazine as indicated in
Figure 5, the grooves slipping over the guide ledges, on the face of the
magazine. The gates G in the magazine and plate-holder are then both pulled
open so as to leave a free passage-way from the magazine to the holder. The
pressure of the spring follower is then slightly relieved, and the first plate given
an initial start by the slide bar C, which should then be at once returned to its
normal position. The combined apparatus is then tilted to such an angle that
when relieved from the spring pressure the plate will gravitate from the magazine
into the holder. The gates G, in the magazine and holder are then replaced and
the holder detached from the magazine by being slipped off its guide ledges. Br
this means a transfer of a plate from the magazine to the holder is effected without
exposure to the light. At this stage of the proceeding the plate in the holder is
ready for manipulation and exposure in the camera, in the usual method. After
such exposure the plate may be immediately transferred to my improved tank or
bath, which I will presently describe, and developed therein without the aid of the
usual dark room. But if desired it may be returned to the magazine through the
opening a.
My developing tank 1, consists preferably of a narrow glass tank, shaped like a
pocket, preferably made in one piece and composed of ruby, orange-yellow glass,
or other suitable transparent substance which excludes actinic light. Instead of
being made of one piece, the glass of the tank may if desired be set in a frame of
metal or other material Ja as in Fig. 19, at 1. To the top of the tank I secure a
frame or plate J, of metal or other material, with the slot-shaped opening leading
into the tank. This frame is preferably of sector shape, one of its sides being
parallel with the side of the tank, the other side inclined to and projecting
therefrom. Attached to this framework by a pivot bolt j, is a swinging sector
shaped cover K, provided with a similar slot-shaped opening k. This may he
swung into register with the opening in the tank as indicated in Figures 11 and 16,
or out of register with it as indicated in Figures 10 and 12. The opening in the

page_text: cover is provided with guide flanges k', similar in form and purpose to the flanges
on the magazine; that is to say, they receive and interlock with the plate-holder,
the grooves 2, which fit and slide upon them. Between the frame J and the
swinging cover. I interpose a sheet of rubber J, which serves as a packing and
forms a water tight joint between the frame and the cover when they are clamped
together by the screws jj. The screw lines in the slot k³, in the cover.. In addition
to the opening k, the cover is also provided with two projecting pipes L and M. by
means of which the developing liquid may be poured into or withdrawn from the
tank. One of these tubes, preferably L, is merely to permit the escape of air
when the tank is being filled and the admission of air when the tank is emptied.
In order, however, to prevent the admission of light, I curve this tube sharply
and carry it down to a point near the bottom of the tank as shown The other
tube M, I connect by a flexible pipe m, to a bottle or other suitable storage
vessel N, for holding the developing liquid when not in use. The stopper N' of
this bottle is provided with two tubes n'and n', which extend through it, and one
of which is connected to the flexible tube m, and extends only to the inner side
of the stopper. The other projects far enough into the vessel to be above the
surface of the liquid when the vessel is inverted to allow the liquid to run from
it into the tank. This latter tube is merely an air tube, its purpose corresponding
to that of the tube L of the tank. At the bottom of the glass tube tank, I place
strips of soft rubber or leather R, to serve as buffers or cushions for the plates
when dropped into the tank from the holder. I prefer to surround my developing
tank with a casing O, of leather or of any other suitable light-weight material,
having openings in its opposite sides through which the development of
the negatives may be watched, and having on one side a hood O, into the open
end of which the operator may look. His eyes may thus be shielded from the
direct rays of light. This, therefore, permits a much clearer observation of
the developing process than could be obtained without the hood. At one edge
of the casing I place a spring clamping device or valve O, to hold the free end
of the air tube L, during transportation and when the device is not in actual use
for developing.
In practising the art of photography with my invention I proceed as follows:
The magazine is first charged with properly prepared plates, the lid A', being
removed for this purpose, and the spring follower and the loose follower or
separating board drawn back to receive the desired number of plates between
them and the exit side of the magazine. The cover is then replaced. When a
plate is to be used the plate-holder is fitted to the proper opening al of the
magazine, the gates or slides withdrawn, and the spring pressure on the plates
relieved by pulling the string B'. The plate may be loosened aud partly pushed
into the holder by the slide bar C, which should immediately be restored to its
normal position. The combined apparatus is then tilted to such an angle that
the first plate will slide by gravity into the holder when sufficiently released from
the spring pressure. After this the gates are closed and the holder detached,
ready for use in the camera. The other plates have during this operation been
pressed forward by the spring follower until that plate which was originally the
second replaces the first plate of the series in position in the magazine. When
the plate in the holder has been exposed in the camera it may either be returned
to the magazine, for storage and future development, or it may be developed at
In the event of the first course being followed the plate-holder would be
applied to the opening a, in the magazine, the gates G, in the magazine and holder
withdrawn to leave a clear passage trom one to the other and the spring follower
pulled back to leave a space between it and the separating board into which space
the plate from the holder will gravitate when the apparatus is tilted and if
necessary tapped lightly. If however the negative is to be developed at once, the
plate holder is applied to the opening k, in the top of the developing tank, and the
opening then swung into register with the mouth of the tank. The gate G in
the holder is withdrawn and the negative allowed to gravitate into said tank, the
once.

page_text: rubber buffer at the bottom of which prevents any detrimental shock. The cover
is then swung back to the position shown in Figures 10 and 17, the developing fluid.
poured into the tank and the process of develop:nent watched through the colored
glass sides of the tank until it is sufficiently advanced, when the tank is inverted
to the position shown in Figure 18, the fluid drawn off, and water sufficient to wash
the negative is introduced in the same manner as the developing fluid. Preferably
the plate will be fixed after being removed from the tank as it is not advisable to
introduce fixing solution in the developing tank and as the developed negative
when washed free from developer will not be injurel by exposure. The negative
may then be taken from the tank and when sufficiently dried may be used to print
or may be returned to the magazine.
Improvements in or connected with Photographic Apparatus.
I, JANG LANDSING of Brooklyn, King's County, New York, United States of
America, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in or connected with photographic
apparatus specially adapted for field work, by means of which the full process of
making and developing negatives may be carried on out of doors in the full light
of day. Its objects are to dispense with the dark room or box usually employed in
developing negatives; to so construct and simplify the apparatus that the whole
art of producing developed negatives may be carried on out of doors thus enabling
an operator in the field to determine on the spot whether or not his negatives are
satisfactory; and to reduce the necessary apparatus to such proportions that it
will be conveniently portable and well adapted for field work. It consists,
First Of a storage box or magazine for the plates provided at one end with two
openings through one of which the plates may be inserted and through the other with-
drawn, the openings being provided with suitable devices for attaching the plate
holder of a camera and for excluding light at all times. The box is further provided
with means for feeding the plates across from the ingress to the egress side thereof
and with a device for ejecting the plates one by one into the plate-holder when
the latter is in position for heing charged.
Second: Of the plate holder adapted to be connected to the box or magazine to
receive from it or discharge into it the plates, and to be also connected for the same
purpose to the developing chamber or tank that constitutes another feature of my
invention.
Third: Of the developing chamber or tank which is of such construction and
such small proportions as to be easily manipulated and carried about thereby
dispensing entirely with the dark room or box now commonly used in developing
negatives.
Fourth Of means for charging the developing chamber or tank with developing
fluid and withdrawing the same from the tank into a suitable storage vessel. And
Fifth Of certain details of construction which contribute to the general
purpose of my invention.
The drawings left with the Provisional Specification show my invention in the
form at present preferred by me but many obvious changes within the skill of a

page_text: good mechanic might be made in the details thereof and some parts substitute for
others by slight modification without departing from the general principles.
Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved plate box or magazine, pirtiy
broken away to show the interior.
Figure 2, is a horizontal section of the same on the plane 2-2, of Figure 1.
Figure 3, is a similar section of a portion on the plane 3-3, of Figure 1.
Figure 4, is a perspective sectional view of the lower corner of the magazine at
its delivery or egress end.
Figure 5, is a horizontal sectional view, through a portion of the magazine and
through a plate holder applied thereto in position to receive a plate from the
nagazine, such a plate being shown as partly pushed out of the magazine and into
the holder.
Figure 6, is a perspective view of a plate holder adapted to be used in connection
with my magazine and my developing tank, portions being shown braken away to
disclose the internal construction.
Figure 7, is a perspective view of the lower corner of the receiving end of the
plate holder illustrating the details of construction thereof.
Figure 8, is a side elevation of my developing tank or chamber.
Figure 9, is an elevation of the same, seen edge-wise.
Figure 10. is a plan view of the top or cover of the tank.
Figures 11 and 12, are detail sectional views showing the relative positions of
the slot in the cover with respect to the opening in the tank; in Figure 11, the
slot being in register with the tank opening while in Figure 12, it is swung away
as in Figure 10.
Figure 13, is a side elevation of a casing, pocket, or cover, for the tank, showing
apertures in both sides through which light may pass and on one side a projecting
hood or shield for the eyes of the operator while watching the process of
-development in the tank.
Figure 14, is a vertical transverse section of the same on the plane 14-14, of
Figure 13.
Figure 15, is a plan view of the casing.
Figure 16, is a vertical central section through my developing tank and plate
holder applied thereto, the plate or negative having passed from the holder into
the developing chamber.
Figure, 17, is a vertical sectional view of my developing tank showing the plate
ready for development and showing the storage vessel for the developing fluid in
position to charge the tank.
Figure 18, is a similar view showing the position of the devices when the
-developing fluid is being drawn out of the tank and into the storage vessel, and
Figure 19, shows in section a modification of the tank.
Throughout the drawings like letters of reference indicate like parts.
My improved plate magazine consists of a rectangular light-proof box A, having
at its end openings a, and a', for the insertion and withdrawal of the plates.
Inside of the box is a loose board or follower B, normally pressed towards the
egress side of the box by a spiral spring 6, which may be retracted by the cord, or
hand line 6', attached to the follower and running through the side of the box as
shown in Figure 2. The ingress opening a, is located sufficiently far from the inner
side of the box to provide space in which the follower may lie when retracted,
while the opening a', is so located that one side lies directly in the plane of the
inner face of the box.
The corner A', of the magazine is removable for the purpose of originally loading
or charging it with properly prepared plates, any desired number of which may be
placed in front of the spring follower while it is held in its retracted position
These plates may be withdrawn from the magazine, one by one, through the
opening a'. After being exposed they may either be developed at once or returned
to the magazine through the opening a, for temporary storage and future
development. In order to separate the unexposed plates from the others, which

page_text: may thus be returned to the magazine, and to guard against the rinsing of a plate
which has been exposed, I employ a loose board or separator B', which lies bet vee
This
and separates the unexposed plates from those which have been exposed.
follower may be made thicker than the width of the slot a', so that when all of the
unexposed plates have been taken out through said slot the follower will block the
passage and thus notify the operator that his stock is exhausted. This prevents
mistakes arising from failure to keep correct tally and obviates the danger of
spoiling an exposed but undeveloped plate by again exposing it in the camera.
When a plate is to be withdrawn, the magazine may be tilted at such an angle
that the plate will slide from it by the action of gravity. As the plates, however,
sometimes stick, 1 overcome this objection by an ejector bar C, sliding in a groove
or recess D, on the inner face of the box and provided with a toe or angle, which
engages the end of the first plate as shown in Figures 1 and 3. This bar is:
provided with a handle on the end of a spindle C, which projects from the bar
through a slot d, in the side of the box. Another plate or bar C2, mounted on the
outer end of the spindle lies in a recess D1, on the outer face of the box and covers
the slot opening d, so as to effectually prevent the admission of light into the
magazine. When the apparatus is in position for the withdrawal of a plate, the
handle C', is pushed down and the toe c, acting upon the first plate overcomes any
resistance to its movement and gives it the initial start necessary to project it from
the magazine. The pressure of the spring b, may be overcome to any. desired
degree by pulling on the cord b', so as to relieve the frictional resistance to the
moving plate. The passage-ways a, and a', open into recesses or sunken grooves e
and e, in the end of the magazine. The outer elges of these grooves are provided
with guide ledges f, f, formed by plates F, secured to the surface of the magazine.
To prevent the admission of light to the interior of the magazine through the
slots a, a', I close them by means of slides or gates G, which rest in guide slots g,
across the passage-ways a and a¹. These gates enter their guide slots from the
bottom side of the magazine and are provided at their lower ends with angle
pieces G', by means of which they may be manipulated. In order to give them
greater stiffness I prefer to form them with a rib or flange g²; along one or both
sides as desired.
My plate holder for use in the camera consists of a square frame H, provided
with the usual dark slides H' H', and a ground glass plate H2, which may be used
for focusing and between which and one of the slides is provided a grooved
channel h, for the reception of a negative plate. An opening ', through the end
of the frame connects with this channel and is closed by a gate G, similar in
construction and purpose to the gates which close the openings a a', in the magazine.
Grooves 2, are formed in each side of the frame near that end of it containing the
opening . When a plate is to be transferred from the magazine to the holder
the latter is applied to the face of the magazine as indicated in Figure 5, the
grooves slipping over the guide ledges f, on the face of the magazine. The
gates G in the magazine and plate-holder are then both pulled open so as to leave
a free passage-way from the magazine to the holder.. The pressure of the spring
follower is then slightly relieved, and the first plate given an initial start by the
slide bar C, which should then he at once returned to its normal position. The
combined apparatus is then tilted to such an angle that when relieved from
the spring, pressure the plate will gravitate from the magazine into the holder.
The gates G, in the magazine and the holder are then replaced and the holder
detached from the magazine by being slipped off its guide ledges. By this means
a transfer of a plate from the magazine to the holder is effected without exposure.
to the light. At this stage of the proceeding the plate in the holder is ready for
manipulation and exposure in the camera in the usual manner.
After such exposure.
the plate may be immediately transferred to my improved tank or bath, which I
will presently describe, and developed therein without the aid of the usual dark
room. But if desired it may be returned to the magazine through the opening a.
My developing tank I, consists preferably of a narrow glass tank, shaped like a

page_text: pocket, preferably made in one piece and composed of ruby, orange-yellow glass,.
or other suitable transparent substance which excludes, actinic light. Instead of
being made of one piece, the glass of the tank may if desired be set in a frame of
metal or other material J2 as in Figure 19, at 11. To the top of the tank I secure
a frame or plate J, of metal or other material, with a slot-shaped opening leading
into the tank. This frame is preferably of sector shape, one of its sides being
parallel with the side of the tank, the other side inclined to and projecting
therefrom. Attached to this frame-work by a pivot bolt i, is a swinging sector
shaped cover K, provided with a similar slot-shaped opening k.
This may
be swung into register with the opening in the tank ag indicated in
Figures 11 and 16, or out of register with it as indicated in Figures 10 and 12.
The opening in the cover is provided with guide flanges k', similar in form and
purpose to the flanges fon the magazine; that is to say, they receive and interlock
with the plate-holder, the grooves 2, which fit and slide upon them. Between the
frame J and the swinging cover I interpose a sheet of rubber J', which serves as a
packing and forms a water-tight joint between the frame and the corer when they
are clamped together by the screws jj'. The screw lines in the slot k², in the
cover. In addition to the opening k, the cover is also provided with two projecting
pipes L and M, by means of which the developing liquid may be poured into or
withdrawn from the tank. One of these tubes, preferably L, is merely to permit
the escape of air when the tank is being filled and the admission of air when the
tank is emptied. In order, however, to prevent the admission of light, I curve this
tube sharply and carry it down to a point near the bottom of the tank as shown.
The other tube M, I connect by a flexible pipe m, to a bottle or other suitable
storage vessel N, for holding the developing liquid when not in use.
The
stopper N of this bottle is provided with two tubes n and n', which extend through
it, and one of which is connected to the flexible tube m, and extends only to the
inner side of the stopper. The other projects far enough into the vessel to be
above the surface of the liquid when the vessel is inverted to allow the liquid to
run from it into the tank. This latter tube is merely an air tube, its purpose
corresponding to that of the tube L of the tank. At the bottom of the glass tank,
1 place strips of soft rubber or leather R, to serve as buffers or cushions for the
plates when dropped into the tank from the holder. I prefer to surround my
developing tank with a casing O, of leather or of any suitable light-weight material,
having openings o in its opposite sides through which the development of the
negatives may be watched, and having on one side a hood O', into the open end
of which the operator may look. His eyes may thus be shielded from the direct
rays of light. This therefore, permits a much clearer observation of the developing
process than could be obtained without the hood. At one edge of the casing I
place a spring clamping device or valve O2, to hold the free end of the air tube L
during transportation and when the device is not in actual use for developing.
In practising the art of photography with my invention I proceed as follows:
The magazine is first charged with properly prepared plates, the lid A', being
removed for this purpose, and the spring follower and the loose follower or
separating board drawn back to receive the desired number of plates between
them and the exit side of the magazine. The cover is then replaced. When a
plate is to be used the plate-holder is fitted to the proper opening a¹ of the
magazine, the gates or slides withdrawn, and the spring pressure on the plates
relieved by pulling the string B. The plate may be loosened and partly pushed
into the holder by the slide bar C, which should immediately be restored to its
normal position. The combined apparatus is then tilted to such an angle that the
first will slide by gravity into the holder when sufficiently released from the spring
pressure. After this the gates are closed and the holder detached ready for use in
the camera. The other plates have during this operation been pressed forward by
the spring follower until that plate which was originally the second replaces the
first plate of the series in position in the magazine. When the plate in the holder
has been exposed in the camera it may either be returned to the magazine, for

page_text: storage and future development, or it may be developed at once. In the event of
the first course being followed the plate-holder would be applied to, the, opening a,
in the magazine, the gates G, in the magazine and holder withdrawn to leave a
clear passage from one to the other and the spring follower pulled back to leave
a space between it and the separating board into which space the plate from: the
holder will gravitate when the apparatus is tilted and if necessary tapped lightly.
If however the negative is to be developed at once, the plate holder is applied to
the opening k, in the top of the developing tank, and the opening then swung into
register with the month of the tank. The gate G in the holder is withdrawn and
the negative allowed to gravitate into the said tank, the rubber buffer at the bottom
of which prevents any detrimental shock. The cover is then swung back to the
position shown in Figures 10 and 17, the developing fluid poured into the tank and
the process of development watched through the colored glass sides of the tank
until it is sufficiently advanced, when the tank is inverted to the position. shown in
Figure 18, the fluid drawn off, and water sufficient to wash the negative is
introduced in the same manner as the developing fluid. Preferably the. plate will
be fixed after being removed from the tank as it is not advisable to introduce.fixing
solution in the developing tank and as the developed negative when. washed free.
from developer will not be injured by exposure. The negative may then be taken
from the tank and when sufficiently-dried may be used to print or may be returned
to the magazine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I'
claim is ;-
1. A negative or plate magazine having ingress and egress openings, a plate.
holder having removable light-tight connections for the two said; openings, positive.
means for ejecting the plates through the said egress opening into the said plate
holder, a spring press follower in the said magazine and means for retracting the
said follower to admit plates through the said ingress opening in front of the said
follower whereby plates may be transferred from the magazine to the plate holder...
and from the plate holder to the magazine and the plate holder be detached from.
the said magazine when ready for exposure, substantially as set forth.
2. A negative plate magazine having an egress opening at one side, and an
ingress opening near the other side, a spring follower urging the plates toward the
exit side of the magazine, means for retracting the follower and a loose follower or
board to separate the unused from the used plates, this board being thicker than
the width of the egress opening, substantially as set forth.
3. A negative or plate magazine having an egress opening at one side, and
aù ingress opening near the other side, a spring follower to urge the plates
towards the exit side of the magazine, means for retracting the follower, a
loose follower or board to separate the unused from the used plates and means
for preventing the ejection of said follower or board through the said egress
opening, substantially as set forth.
4. The magazine for negatives or plates provided with egress opening, a sliding
plate Chaving a projecting portion or toe and sliding substantially in the plane.
of the wall of the said magazine in line with the said egress, and the spring
mechanism acting upon said negatives or plates and pressing them towards the face
of the said plate C whereby the said plate C may act upon the said plates in
succession, substantially as set forth.
5. The plate moving mechanism for light-tight plate magazines or holders,
consisting of the operating handle and rod extending through and moving in a slot
or opening in the wall of said magazine, the plate C secured to the said rod and
completely covering the said slot or opening, an outer sliding plate also securel to
and moving with the said rod, and completely covering the slot or opening, and
suitable operating connections upon the inside of the magazine controlled by the
said rod, substantially as set forth.

page_text: 6. A plate holder for a camera having ground glass fixed therein, plate holding.
guides arranged in front of the said ground glass, the two covering slides.
independently removable and means for receiving the plate substantially as set
forth.
7. The reversible plate holder having a fixed ground glass and covering slides
upon one face and plate holding guides and a covering slide upon its other
face, and means for removing and replacing the plates therein substantially as
set forth.
8. In a combined plate holder and focusing screen the ground glass and
sensitized plate, placed back to back, in combination with the dark or covering
slide H', the said glass being set in fixed relation to one face or side of the said
holder and the said sensitized plate being set in identical relation to the other side
or face of the said plate holder, whereby the camera may be focused by means of
the ground glass and the holder (after receiving the sensitized plate) be then
reversed in position to bring the plate in focus, substantially as set forth.
9. A developing tank provided with a swiveled or adjustable cover, the said
cover containing in one portion fluid connections for the said tank and in another
portion an opening for the passage of the plates, substantially as set forth.
10. A developing tank provided with fluid connections and with an adjustable
portion or cover having a permanently open plate slot or opening therein, the said
portion or cover being fitted light-tight to the said tank and the said plate opening
being adjustable by the movement of the said portion or cover, into and out of
communication with the interior of the said tank, substantially as set forth.
11. A developing tank provided with fluid connections and with an adjustable
portion or cover having a plate opening therein the said portion or cover being
fitted light-tight to the sail tank and the said plate opening being adjustable by
the movement of the said portion or cover into or out of communication with the
interior of the said tank in combination with a plate holder having an opening for
the passage of plates and a light tight detachable joint or coupling between the
said plate holder and the said adjustable portion or cover of the said tank,
substantially as set forth.
12. A developing tank or chamber for photographic work having suitably
colored glass a sliding cover therefor, having a slot in one portion of the cover and
a pair of tubes in another portion for the introduction into the tank or the with-
drawal therefrom of the developing and other fluids, through the said tube, the
said sliding cover being so proportioned that either the said tube or the said slot
may be brought into communication with the interi r of the tank without removing
the said cover, substantially as set forth.
13. A developing tank or chamber for photographic work, having suitably
colored glass portions, a frame secured to the open top of the tank, a sliding cover
with suitable apertures for the admission of the plates and fluids into the tank, a
rubber or other suitable packing between the frame and the cover, and screws or
other means for clamping or drawing the frame and cover into close contact with
the packing, substantially as set forth.
14. A developing tank or chamber for photographic work having suitably
colored glass sides, in combination with an opaque casing for the tank having
apertures in its opposite sides and a hood or shield surrounding one of the apertures
and projecting from the side of the casing, substantially as set forth.
15. A developing tank or chamber for photographic work, containing suitably.
colored glass through which the precess of development may be watched, an opaque
top to the tank with an aperture through which the plates may be dropped, and
cushions or buffers of suitable material at the bottom of the tank, substantially as
and for the purpose herein set forth.
16. In combination with a developing chamber or tank, a closed storage' vessel
for the developer or other fluids, fluid connection between the said vessel and the
said tank and an air tube extending into the said vessel to an intermediate point in
the said vessel which is above the surface of the said fluid when in position for

page_text: discharging by gravity and is also above the surface of the fluid when receiving
the fluid by gravity, substantially as set forth.
17. The improvements in or connected with photographic apparatus substantially
as set forth.
18. The arrangement and combination of parts constituting the new or improved
apparatus for storing, holding and developing plates or negatives substantially as
set forth.
Dated this 23rd day of March 1897.
For the Applicant,
J. G. LORRAIN, M.I. Mech. E., M.I.E.E.,
Norfolk House, Victoria Embankment, London, W.C.,
Chartered Patent Agent.