Improvements in or relating to Coke Ovens.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Oct., 1898-Accepted, 19th Nov., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Coke Ovens.
We, ERNST FESTNER, of Gottesberg, Silesia, and GUSTAV HOFFMANN, of Walden-
burg, Silesia, both in the Empire of Germany, Mine Manager. and Coke Oven
Inspector, respectively, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
-
The present invention relates to coke ovens and consists in providing them with
two separate sets of heating flues at either side, each extending half the depth
of the block and being divided off from the other by means of a partition wall.
The heating systems are symmetrically arranged, and the gases are led off from
the systems in a common flue formed below the partition wall at the centre of the
oven, the arrangement being such that the coking chambers will be acted, on by
two heating systems, which although entirely separate one from the other, are
equal as far as the draught in the same is concerned.
By means of the above arrangement of flues, the length of the individual flues
will be considerably shortened and thus the resistance encountered by the draught
diminished, the result is that each half of the coking chamber will be more in-
tensely heated than has been the case hitherto, with lateral heating flue systems
reaching or extending the whole length of the chambers. Another advantage is
that the heating gases will leave the heating flue systems in a much, warmer con-
dition, than was the case with the long flues and will consequently fore-warm
the feed air to a greater extent than has hitherto been the case. This effect is
further enhanced by the fact that, in the present case, the outlet flue for the
entire gases of combustion is situated longitudinally of and interposed between
the heating flues for the feed air, so that the outlet flue for the combustion gases
also serves to heat the feed air entering, and its flues or passages.
And in order to render the present specification more easily intelligible refer-
ence is had to the accompanying drawings in which similar letters of reference
denote similar parts throughout the several views:-
:-
Figure 1 is a sectional longitudinal elevation of an oven carried out according
to the present invention, the left hand part being a section on the line A-B, the
central part on line C-D and the right hand part on line E-F of Figure 2.
Figure 2 is a cross sectional elevation the left hand side being a section taken
on the line P-Q and the right hand side along the line R-S of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a sectional plan showing four different horizontal sections, the left
hand upper part being a section on line G-H, the right hand upper part on
line I-K, the left hand lower part on line L-M and the right hand lower part
on line NO of Figure 2, whilst
Figure 4 is a cross sectional elevation on the line T-U of Figure 1.
The coking chambers a extend in the well known manner throughout the
whole depth of the block and are in the present case heated by means of two
separate heating flue systems, each of which extends approximately to half the
depth of the block as will be seen from Figure 2. Both systems are arranged
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•
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page_text: symmetrically to the partition wall s which separates them. Each coking
system is provided at either side with such double heating flue systems. A common
inlet flue for the feed air may be employed, in the present case a main channel b
being employed through which the air passes to the two branch flues cc (Figure 4)
by means of which it is evenly distributed to both systems. The feed air passes
along the flues cc into the flues d d which extend along the whole width of the
block and at the end of which it passes through the short flues e into the flues & d¹
which run parallel to those d d (Figures 2 and 4). At the ends of these latter
flues it rises through the vertical passages e¹ (Figure 4) to the leating chamber f.
This chamber f is divided along the whole of its length by a partition wall fl
(Figures 2 and 3) extending transversely under all the coking chambers, the said
air passing along one side of the said wall and back along the other in the direc-
tion of the arrows in Figure 3. The passage of the air along these chambers is
prolonged by baffle blocks so as to render the heating of the same as intense as
possible.
The feed air, after having been thus thoroughly heated passes. through the
laterally situated upwardly leading passages g' formed in the lateral recesses nig
(Figures 2 and 3) to the combustion chambers situated under the sole of each
coking chamber, and into each of which, the gas is injected through a nozzle..h¹.
The flames thus produced in the passage h are conducted through the upwardly
extending flues (Figure 2) and simultaneously distributed into the upper hori-
zontal heating flues arranged at either side of the coking chambers. These
flues are each provided with a second gas jet or nozzle k¹ which injects a second
gas current into the same in the opposite direction to the draught so that an
intimate mixture of this gas with air that has not been thoroughly consumed
takes place, resulting in the perfect combustion of all the gases and attaining
a thoroughly efficient degree of heat.
The passages at either side of the coking chambers are advantageously con-
nected by means of short transverse passages r r (Figure 2) extending.over the roof
of the chambers so that the heating gases will circulate over the roof or top of
each chamber, thus heating the same evenly all round.
The gases of combustion then pass through the short horizontal passages 7 and m
and through the vertical channels n down to the flues' o lying underneath the
heating chambers for the feed air (Figures 2 and 3), through the lateral open-
ings of which they pass into the flue p, one of which is common to each two
passages o. From they pass out through the outlet flue q which is common
to the whole system and into which the channels p open.
2"
The channels are also designed with a view to forming direct communica-
tion between the heating flue systems and the interior of the coking chambers.
In warming the chambers previous to the operation of coking, the fire bricks ar
(Figure 1) are removed and the vertical channels to the coking chambers are closed
at the top thus putting the interior of the said chambers in communication with
the outlet flue for the combustion gases. After the chambers have been
warmed, the fire bricks are again placed in the position (Figure 1) to close
the chambers to the outlet flue q, so that the flues will now serve to heat, the
roof of the chambers only.
The flues thus described are symmetrically arranged for each set and the pas-
sages of both systems open into the common outlet flue q.
The above arrange-
ment of the flues has the effect of considerably shortening the flues along the
chambers and thus effecting a more intense heating of the feed air entering the
block. The system also produces a more even and intense heating of the coking
chambers than it is possible to attain with flues extending along the whole length
of the said chambers.
The first heating flame only passes along half the sole of the chamber and
consequently the latter is evenly and more intensely heated from both ends than
has hitherto been the case. The distribution of the flame through the flues i i
has the effect of moderating the effect of the same at that point in the system

page_text: at which otherwise the effects of the two flames coming in opposite directions
would tend to increase the heat, and thus preventing an excessive accumulation
of hot gases at this point. The second gas jets entering the upper flues k and
the connection of these flues over the roof of the chambers effects an intense
heating of the upper part of the coking chambers, whilst the flame produced in k
has to pass the comparatively short flues and m and will thus intensely heat
the outer ends of the chambers and will thus pass in a still very hot condition
to the passages n and o so that it will be capable of intensely heating the feed
air, passing along the chambers f. This latter effect is enhanced by the better
distribution of the hot gases by means of the passages o at either side of the
chambers p and by the fact that the common chimney flue q extends through
the whole length of the oven block, thus preventing the unnecessary cooling
of the exhaust gases and utilising the same to heat the central parts of the block
and to assist in heating the feed air previous to its entrance into the chambers f.
The present duplicate heating system at either side of the coking chambers
not only increases the heating effect but also effects a saving in fuel.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:
1. A coking oven having at either side of each coking chamber a double set
of heating flues separated by means of a partition wall, said partition wall ex-
tending between the said flue sets in a direction transverse to the longitudinal
axis of the coking chambers in the manner and for the purpose substantially
as described.
a
2. In a coking oven, the combination of a duplicate set of heating flues at either
side of each coking chamber, said flues being separated by a partition wall ex-
tending transversely of the longitudinal axis of the coking chambers and
series of approximately vertical passages i to connect the firing chamber of the
said flues with the upper arms of the same for the purpose substantially as
described.
3. In a coking oven the combination of a duplicate set of heating flues at
either side of each coking chamber and a partition wall running transversely
of the said chambers to separate said systems of heating flues, a series of feed
air heating chambers f arranged as specified, a common exhaust flue ? to each
set and a common exhaust flue q into which the said flues p open, said flue g
passing along the central lower part of the block substantially as described.
4. In a coking oven, the combination of duplicate sets of heating flues at either
side of each coking chamber, said sets being separated by a partition wall running
transversely of the coking chambers, a series of channels extending over the roof
of each chamber to connect the upper opposite arms of each opposite set of flues
and means in connection with said channels to place the interior of the same in
communication with the interior of the coking oven substantially as described.
5. In a coking oven, the combination of duplicate sets of heating flues at
either side of each coking chamber, a partition wall to separate the same, running
transversely to the said coking chambers, a gas jet extending into the combustion
chambers of said flues and a second gas jet to inject gas into the upper arms
of said flues in a direction opposite to the direction of movement of the primary
gas and air mixture, in the manner and for the purpose substantially as described.
Dated this 13th day of October 1898.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicants.