CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOM'S FOR WEAVING
Year: 1850

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
BRISBANE, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Pattern Maker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Nineteenth day of September, in the fourteenth year of Her reign,
and in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty, did for
Herself, Her heirs, and successors, give 'and grant unto me, the said Samue!
Brisbane, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege; and authority, that
1, the said Samuel Brisbane, my exors, adññiors, and assigns, and such others
as I, the said Samuel Brisbane, my exors, adiñors, or assigns, should at any
iimic agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the
term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise
and vend within England, and Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed;
my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOM'S FOR WEAVING;" in which
said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said Samuel Brisbane,
shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be enrolled in Her Majesty's
High Court of Chancery with six calendar months next and immediately, after
the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said,
Samuel Brisbane, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention, and

page_text: the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described
and ascertained in and by the Drawings hereto annexed and the following
explanation thereof, that is to say:
My improvements in looms for weaving apply to all descriptions of power
looms, and consist,-
First, in a certain novel method of and apparatus, for applying a friction
break to the fly wheel of the loom or to a break pulley whenever the driving
strap is thrown on to the loose pulley (whether by hand or otherwise) and
thus instantaneously stopping the evolutions of the loom, such break being
so arranged that as soon as the resistance and impetus of the loom have been
overcome the break releases itself leaving the several parts of the loom free
and unencumbered and capable of being set in motion immediately either by
hand or by throwing on the driving strap to the fast pulley.
The second part of my improvements consists of a certain novel and peculiar
arrangement of mechanism or apparatus adapted for the purpose of throwing
the driving strap of the loom on to the loose pulley whenever the weft thread
breaks or from any other cause is absent from the "shed" when the lathe
"beats up."
Having thus set forth the nature and object of my said improvements I will
proceed to describe the manner of carrying the same into practical effect, which
is fully represented and ascertained in and by the Drawing accompanying these
Presents, and the following. explanation thereof. And I would here remark,
that for the sake of more clearly illustrating my Invention the new parts are
represented as shaded with color, whilst the ordinary parts of the loom are
drawn in outline only.
Fig. 1, represents a side. elevation of one end of the framing and other
elementary parts of a power loom drawn to a scale of about two inches to a foot,
and shewing the application of the first part of my improvements thereto; and
Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same. A, A, is the side framing of the loom;
Bis the warp beam; C is the crank shaft; D, the main driving pulley, and
E, the fly wheel; F is the lathe or slay; G, the breast beam; and H, the cloth
beam; I is the "setting-on rod ;" and K is the strap fork, which are connected
in the usual manner. a, a, is a catch which is mounted at the upper end of
a lever b, and is furnished with two inclined planes (see also enlarged detached
views, Fig. 3,) upon one of which marked.c, a stud or pin d attached to the
"setting-on, rod" I, acts when the strap is thrown off; the other plane e acting
upon the stud d, when the strap is thrown on, as hereafter more particular y
described. The lever vibrates upon a fulcrum at f, and is attached at its
lower end by a rod q to the break lever h, which has its fulcrum at i, and to

page_text: the upper end.of which the friction break k is attached by a joint. The other
end of the rod g is connected to or formed into a strong spiral spring 1, which
is for the purpose of withdrawing the break and setting the several parts of the
loom at liberty as soon as the impetus has been overcome. The operation of
this apparatus is as follows:-As soon as the "setting-on rod" I is released
from its notch, either by the action of the "frog" m, or otherwise, the pin il
acts upon the inclined plane c, thus raising the other end of the catch a, which
(as the lathe has at this instant just "beat up" and is commencing to recede
from the breast beam) takes hold of the back of the lathe F, thus connecting
it and the upper end of the lever b together. As the lathe F recèdes from the
breast beam G, taking the upper end of the lever b with it, the friction break R
will be forcibly pressed against the periphery of the fly wheel E, thus instan-
taneously stopping the evolutions of the loom. As soon as the impetus and
resistance of the loom have been overcome the spring / will exert its forcé, at
the same time withdrawing the break and reversing the motion of the lever b
and the lathe F. As soon as the lever b comes into contact with the stud n
attached to the framing it stops, and the lathe F moving a little further allows
the catch a to fall, and thus the whole of the loom is set at liberty. As the
65 setting-on rod" I is returned to its original position the inclined plane e upon
the catch a forces back the stud d, the spring j allowing it to recede and
forcing it again into the position shewn in the Drawing as soon as the "setting-
on rod" I has been placed in its notch and the loom thus set in motion.
The second part of my Invention is exhibited at Figs. 4, 5, and 6, in the
Drawing, Fig. 4 being a side elevation of part of a power loom drawn to a
scale of about three inches to a foot, and shewing the application of this part
of my Invention thereto. Fig. 5 is a section, and Fig. 6 a front elevation of
the same. The ordinary elementary parts of the loom are marked with the
same letters of reference as in the preceding Figs. L is the ordinary
"swell" in the shuttle box which works the stop rod in the usual manner.
a, a, is a finger attached to the lathe F, the upper part of which is acted
upon by the "swell" L in the same manner as the stop rod finger; b, 61,
is a lever, one end of which, whenever the weft breaks (or is otherwise
absent from the "shed") is acted upon by the lower part of the finger a, and
forcing the "setting on rod" I out of its notchi, causes the strap to be thrown
on to the loose pulley. The lever 6 vibrates upon a centre at c, and carries at
its other end a pulley d. Around this pulley d a band e passes, one end of
which is attached to the breast beam G, whilst the other end, after passing
over another pulley f, is attached by a small buckle or fastening to a series of
three or more double threads g, g, for which, if preferred, fine gut or wire may'

page_text: be substituted. These threads g, g, are knotted together at one end, and
their other ends are distended by a swivelling cross piece h (see Fig. 5,) so as
to form an angle or "shed" through which the shuttle passes. Tlie cross
piece is attached by a pin to one end of a slight spring i, the other end of
which is made fast to the framing of the loom. The threads g, 9, pass
between wires k, placed at the end of the ordinary reed, or the dents of the
reed may be set slightly wider apart for a short space at the end to serve the
same purpose. The operation of this arrangement of mechanism is as follows:-
When the shuttle is in the shuttle box (in which position it is supposed to be
in Fig. I.,) if the weft thread were broken, or otherwise absent from the shed,
when the lathe F beat up the end a¹ of the finger coming into contact
with the end of the lever, would cause it to force the "setting-on rod" I
'out of its notch, and thus throw the driving strap on to the loose pulley; but
if the weft thread is in its place in the shed, it catches in the angle of the
threads, and drawing them forward, slackens the band e, and allows the
weighted end of the lever to fall, and thus raises the other end 6 of the said
lever out of the way of the finger a¹. When the shuttle is in the opposite
box the "swell" L allows the finger a to fall below the lever b. Of course
it will be understood that when the shuttle is absent from both boxes the
loom will be thrown out of gear by means of the ordinary "stop rod." It will
also be evident that by a very slight addition this arrangement may be so
applied as to stop the loom before the shuttle crosses again, at whichever side
of the loom the weft thread breaks.
•
Having thus described the nature and object of my said improvements,
together with the manner of carrying the same into practical effect, I would
remark, in conclusion, that I claim as my Invention,-
First, the method shewn and described of causing the impetus of the lathe
to apply the break and check the loom whenever the strap is thrown on to the
loose pulley, and also the self-acting method of disengaging the same as soon
as the impetus and resistance of the loom have been overcome.
And, secondly, the simple arrangement of apparatus shewn in the Drawings,
and above described (or any modification thereof,) for stopping the evolutions
of the loom whenever the weft thread breaks, or is otherwise absent from the
"shed," whether the same be applied to one or both sides of the loom.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Brisbane, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Eighteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-one.
SAMUEL (L.S.) BRISBANE.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eighteenth day of March, in
the year of our Lord 1851, the aforesaid Samuel Brisbane came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Nineteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-one.