IMPROVED ARRANGEMENTS AND COMBINATIONS OF APPARATUS FOR GIVING INTERMITTENT REVOLVING MOTIONS TO THE TAKING-UP AND LETTING-OFF MOTIONS OF Looxs, AND FOR GIVING SELF-ACTING FEED MOTION TO ALL DESCRIPTIONS OF TOOLS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Bowker, of the City of Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVED
ARRANGEMENTS AND COMBINATIONS OF APPARATUS FOR GIVING INTERMITTENT
REVOLVING MOTIONS TO THE TAKING-UP AND LETTING-OFF MOTIONS OF Looxs,
AND FOR GIVING SELF-ACTING FEED MOTION TO ALL DESCRIPTIONS OF TOOLS
Daman
Scaled the 14th September 1875, and dated the 15th March 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Bowker at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th March 1875.
I, WILLIAM BOWKER, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVED ARRANGEMENTS AND COMBINATIONS OF APPARATUS FOR GIVING
INTERMITTENT REVOLVING MOTIONS TO THE TAKING-UP AND LETTING-OFF MOTIONS
OF LOOMS, AND FOR GIVING SELF-ACTING FEED MOTION TO ALL DESCRIPTIONS OF TOOLS
AND MACHINES WORKED BY HAND OR POWER," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in improved arrangements and combinations

page_text: of apparatus for giving intermittent revolving motions to the taking-up
and letting-off motions of looms, for giving self-acting feed motion to all
descriptions of tools and machines worked by hand or power, and also to
drilling braces, one or two ended tap wrenches, screw keys, and all kinds
of feed or turning apparatus worked only by hand.
In the taking-up motion of the loom I form at one or both ends of the
shaft of the cloth or taking up beam or roller, or on a shaft geared to it
by toothed wheels, an inclined recess, and place loose on it a round pin or
roller in contact with a spring, and on the shaft over the recesses I place
an arm or lever having in it a long slot and collar. In the slot there is
a sliding pin or stud connected by a rod to an eccentric on the crank
shaft of the loom and also to a rod jointed to the longer arm of a double
lever working on a stud connected to the framework of the loom, there
being at the end of the shorter arm a rod or roller resting on the top of the
cloth on the cloth beam, and the ratio of the longer and shorter arms is
as 1 to 3.1416, or thereabouts.
At the commencement of winding the cloth on the cloth beam the rod
or roller upon it is in its lowest position and the sliding pin in tho slot
in its highest position, and therefore when the loom is in motion a
vibrating movement is given to the slotted lever, but as the cloth
increases in diameter the rod or roller rises with it, and as the sliding pin
or stud in the slot of the lever are lowered in a corresponding proportion
there is a gradually decreasing vibration of the arm or lever corre-
sponding with the gradual increasing diameter of the cloth on the cloth
beam.
The inclined recesses mounted with pins or rollers and springs in the
shaft and collar of the lever are intended to be used as substitutes for the
ordinary ratchet wheel propeller or pawl, for when the slotted lever is
moved in the feeding direction the pin or roller in the journal is locked
to the shaft and collar, and the other pin or roller is loose; but in the
return movement the first pin or roller becomes loose to enable the lever
to move back, and the second one tight to enable it to act similar to the
retaining catch or pawl of a ratchet wheel, and thus a positivo feed or
taking-up motion can be given from the slightest to the greatest extent
according to the length of the vibrating motion of the lever which is
placed on the shaft of the cloth beam for coarse counts, and on the shaft
of the pinion for fine counts, there being eccentrics of different throws
as required.

page_text: When the inclined recesses with their adjuncts are used in connection
with the letting-off motion, it is only necessary that the sliding pin or
stud should rise in the slot of the slotted arm or lever according to the
decreasing diameter of the warp on the letting-off beam.
For the solf-acting feed motions for tools and all descriptions of
machines in which ratchet wheels, propellers, and pawls have been used
for giving the feed, I employ the inclined recesses with their pins or
rollers and springs to give any amount of bite or lock when the working
arm or lever moves in one direction, and for acting as a brake, catch, or
holder when the arm or lever moves in the reverse direction, and for
drilling braces, tap wrenches, screw keys, and all kinds of feeding or
turning apparatus worked only by hand I use one or more inclined
recesses with their pins and springs between the shaft and collar of the
working arm or lover.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
BOWKER, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Bowker, Her special license
that I, the said William Bowker, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said William Bowker, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED
ARRANGEMENTS AND COMBINATIONS OF APPARATUS FOR GIVING INTERMITTENT

page_text: REVOLVING MOTIONS TO THE TAKING-UP AND LETTING-OFF MOTION OF LOOMS,
AND FOR GIVING SELF-ACTING FEED MOTION TO ALL DESCRIPTIONS OF TOOLS
AND MACHINES WORKED BY HAND AND POWER," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Bowker, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Bowker, do hereby declare
-the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, reference being had to the figures on the accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings, and to the letters of reference marked
thercon (that is to say) :
:-
This Invention consists in improved arrangements and combinations
of apparatus for giving intermittent revolving motions to the taking-up
and letting-off motions of looms, for giving self-acting feed motion to all
descriptions of tools and machines worked by hand or power, and also to
drilling braces, one or two-ended tap wrenches, screw keys, and all kinds
of feed or turning apparatus worked by hand or power.
On the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, Figs. 1 and 2 are front and
end views of part of a loom provided with ono arrangement of my
improved taking up motions, and Figs. 3, 4, and 5, are detached views
of some of the parts. In Figs. 1 and 2 a represents part of the frame-
work of the loom; b, the crank shaft; c, one of the sword arms; d, the
cloth beam; c-the slay or batten; and the reed. To the shaft of tho
cloth beam is fixed a toothed wheel f³ gearing into the pinion g gearing
into the toothed wheel geared to the pinion i fixed to the shaft j,
working in collars on a bracket fixed to one of the end frames. To
the bracket are cast and turned a ring 7 having a recess m, and over
the ring is fitted a coller a from which projects a double collar o, p, and
to the exterior of the collar o is fitted a double collar q, r, forming the
bearing end of a lever 8, having in it a long curved slot, and the casting
or rings n; o, p, are held fast to the shaft m by the key z.
In one part
of the periphery of the shaft m carrying the change pinion
there is an

page_text: 8
.l
inclined recess having in it a steel roller and spring, and in the
rings l, o, p, there are inclined recesses also having in them steel rollers
and springs, the recesses in the part being in one direction and the
-recesses in the parts m, o, p, in opposite directions. In the slot of the
lever & there is a sliding pin or stud a connected to the end of the arm v
of a double lever v, w, working on a stud fixed to the framework, and in
the arm v there is a joint a so that the stud u can move-up and down,
and the arm w is connected by the rod y to the slay sword c.
At the top
of a bracket a jointed to the framework there is a pin carrying a roller b¹
in contact with the cloth on the cloth beam, and to the pin is jointed
one end of the rod c¹, the other end of which is jointed to the arm v of
the double lever v, w, the longer and short arms being in the ratio of
the circumference and the diameter.
At the commencement of winding the cloth on the cloth beam, the
roller is close to the beam and the pin or stud u in the slot & is in its
highest position, and therefore when the loom is in motion the greatest
vibrating motion is given to the slotted lever 8; but as the cloth increases
in diameter the roller b¹ moves gradually outwards and causes the rod c¹
to lower the arm v, and with it the pin or stud u in a corresponding
proportion, thereby giving a gradually decreasing motion of the slotted
lever 8 corresponding with the gradual increasing diameter of the cloth
on the cloth beam.
The inclined recesses mounted with steel rollers and springs in the
shaft and collars , o, p, are intended to be used as substitutes for the
ordinary ratchet wheel propellor, for when the slotted lever is moved in
the feeding direction one pair of rollers are locked to the collars q, r, and
the other pair of rollers are loose, but in the return movement the first pair
of rollers become loose to enable the lever to move back, and the second
pair locked to enable them to act similar to the retaining catch or pawl
of a ratchet wheel, and thus a positive feed or taking-up motion can be
given from the slightest to the greatest extent, according to the length
of the vibrating motion of the lever 8.
When the inclined recesses with their adjuncts are used in connection
with the letting-off motion it is only necessary that the sliding pin or
stud should rise in the slot of the slotted arm or lever according to the
decreasing diameter of the warp on the letting-off beam.
In Figs. 6, 7, and 8, I shew a modified arrangement in which the
inclined recesses and springs and rollers are placed at the sides. In the.

page_text: bracket fixed to the frame a, Figs. 1 and 2, is fitted the shaft m³ on
which is keyed a disc n¹ by the key o', and on the same shaft m¹ is placed
a disc p having a slotted arm &¹ cast to it. In Fig. 8, shewing an
external view of n³, there are inclined recesses q', ', in which are placed
loose round pins or rollers in contact with springs; one sido of n¹ is in
contact with the part 1 cast to the bracket and the other side of the
part is in contact with the disc p' forming part of the lever 8', the
parts being kept together by the washer, screw, and nut . When the
lever s¹ is moved in the direction for giving motion to the cloth beam
the roller in the inclined recess q' rolls up the incline and locks against
the disc p', thereby giving motion to the disc ' and shaft m'; but when
the lever is moved in the reverse direction, the aforesaid roller rolls
down tho incline and the roller rolls up the inclined recess 7¹, thereby
preventing the cloth beam from turning back.
For the self-acting feed motions for tools and all descriptions of
machines in which ratchet wheels, propellers, and pawls have been used
for giving the feed, I employ the inclined recesses with their rollers and
springs to give any amount of bite or lock when the working arm or
lever moves in one direction, and for acting as a brake, catch, or holder
when the arm or lever moves in the reverse direction, and for drilling
braces, tap wrenches, screw keys, and all kinds of feeding or turning
apparatus worked by hand or power I use one or more inclined recesses
with their pins and springs between the shaft and collar of the working
arm or lever; and Figs. 9 and 10, are two views of a drilling brace; and
Figs. 11 and 12 are two views of a one-ended tap wrench.
In Figs. 9 and 10 a² represents the lever and collar having in it tho
boss 2, at one end of which is the square hole c³ in which the drill dis
entered, and in the other end of the boss is fitted the feed screw e², and
the collar a and boss are held together by the nut f. On the periphery
of the boss there is an inclined recess g² in which are placed a small a
steel roller and spring; and when the lever af is moved in one direction
the small steel roller rolls up the incline g and locks the collar a² and
boss together, and gives motion to the drill ; but when the lever is
moved in the reverse direction the roller rolls down the inclined recess
and unlocks the collar and boss.
In Figs. 11 and 12 representing a one-ended tap wrench there is
an inclined recess h³ having a roller and spring similar to thoso in
{

page_text: Figs. 11 and 12; and when the tap is to be turned in one direction for
tapping, one side of the wrench is placed on the head of the tap; but
when the tap is to be taken out of the tapped hole the other side of the
wrench is placed on the tap, and thus the wrench can give two revolving
motions, one reverse to the other, by reversing its position on the head.
This wrench can be used as a screw key, and is especially adapted for
the nuts of the bolts of railway fish plates, as the workman will not have
to remove the wrench until the nut is tightened or loosened.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
I desire it to be understood that in the taking-up and letting-off motions
of looms, I claim,-
First. The inclined recesses having in them small rollers and springs
acting in connection with a slotted lever put in motion by the working
of the loom and the general arrangement of the levers and parts for
giving motion to the slotted lever.
And, Secondly. The employment of inclined recesss, rollers, and
springs for drilling braces, one or two-ended tap wrenches, screw keys, as
herein described and illustrated on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings,
and also for giving self-acting feed motion to all descriptions of tools and
machines worked by hand or power.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Bowker, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.