Improvements in Bearings for the Spindles of Self-acting and other Spinning Mules.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Nov., 1886
Complete Left, 3rd Aug., 1887
Complete Accepted, 16th Sept., 1887.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bearings for the Spindles of Self-acting and
other Spinning Mules.
I WILHELM HONEGGER of Wetzikon in Switzerland, Engineer do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:
This invention refers to bearings for the spindles of spinning mules but especially
self actors. The prevailing customary mode of fastening the bearings in the latter
(the collar bearing as well as the step bearing) in the wooden beams has the
universally well known fault that the one bearing can hardly be mounted with
precision in the same axis of the other bearing, and even if this has been attained,
that in consequence of the unavoidable changes taking place in the wood the axes of
both bearings often after a short time do not lie in the same straight line whereby the
jamming of the spindle takes place and the latter revolves with difficulty and an
unsteady motion of the spindle and the speedy wearing of the bearings and spindle is
the result.
In order to obviate these faults the upper or collar bearing of the spindle is,
according to this invention, made freely movable in the body of the bearing, so that
this bearing can follow freely all the relative positions of the spindle to the beam on
which the bearing is mounted.
Both the wooden beams of the self actor carriage are connected together by
brackets as usual. A rail is fixed to the lower beam which rail is bored through
wherever a spindle is mounted and provided with a screw thread.
Short brass or other suitable bearing metal plugs are screwed into the rail, said
plugs having holes bored in from the top to a suitable depth and countersunk thus
serving as step bearings for the spindles.
A similar rail is fixed to the upper beam and has holes bored through to correspond
with those in the lower rail. Each hole is conically enlarged downward, so that only
the narrow annular upper edge of the hole embraces the collar bearing of the spindle.
This bearing is cylindrical, the upper part is however somewhat thicker than the hole
in the rail, so that the shoulder thus formed thereon takes on to the top of rail.
Besides this the bearing is provided with a nose or projection which fits into a

page_text: corresponding notch in the hole in the rail, so that the bearing cannot turn, but
nevertheless admits of small oscillations in the upper edge of the hole in the rail.
In order to facilitate the thorough lubrication of the spindles the inner bearing
surface is provided with a steep helical oil groove, which ends at the top in a dish-
shaped recess for the reception of the oil. A channel leads out of this recess along
the back of the bearing nearly to the lower end, where a small hole connects the
channel with the bottom of the helical groove. The channel is encircled by a tube or
jacket to retain the oil. The pitch of the helical groove is so chosen that the oil
which the quickly rotating spindle carries with it is forced to rise upwards in the
helical groove, then to enter into the dish-shaped recess and then pass downwards
through the channel in order again to enter the helical groove by the small bottom
hole. The helical groove is made three cornered in section or thereabouts. The
lubrication of the spindle is abundantly attained by the helical groove as also by the
circulation of the oil.
A narrow rim on one side and a gutter on the other side in both rails collect the oil
and lead it equally to all the spindles.
In consequence of the mobility of the collar bearing the following advantages are
attained, viz. that the fitting of this bearing does not call for that amount of extreme
care which had to be exercised heretofore and that the bearing adapts itself to the
direction of the axis of the spindle. A further advantage consists in that the unavoid-
able bending of the spindle when the driving cord is too tight can not any more
produce a jamming of the spindle in the bearing, the bearing adapting itself to all
bending of the spindle with ease, and in consequence of the tension of the driving
cord adapting itself to the spindle in its whole length.
In consequence of this easy mobility of the spindle, which may be increased
without impairing the sure guiding by making the collar bearing a fraction of a
millimeter larger in diameter than the part of the spindle in question; the number of
revolutions of the spindle may be made as large as other considerations relating to the
spinning admit without in any way detracting from the quiet working. The wearing
surface may also be increased by prolonging the bearing much beyond usual propor-
tions and the wear of the frictional surfaces will decrease in proportion. As the
pressure on a square unit of a thus enlarged bearing surface will be correspondingly
decreased other metals may be used for the body of the bearing than hitherto usual or
suitable for instance all the rather hard or rather soft white metal compositions.
Lastly there is the special advantage that the bearing and the spindle may be
expeditiously taken out and cleaned and as easily put in again without being obliged
to loosen or remove a single screw or the like.
Did the Atl 1...
han 1004
WILHELM HONEGGER.
By Jensen & Son,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Patent Agents.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bearings for the Spindles of Self Acting and
other Spinning Mules.
I, WILHELM HONEGGER of Wetzikon in Switzerland Engineer do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention refers to bearings for the spindles of spinning mules but especially
self actors. The prevailing customary mode of fastening the bearings in the latter
(the collar bearing as well as the step bearing) in the wooden beams has the
universally well known fault that the one bearing can hardly be mounted with
precision in the same axis of the other bearing, and even if this has been attained,
that in consequence of the unavoidable changes taking place in the wood the axes of
both bearings often after a short time do not lie in the same straight line, whereby
the jamming of the spindle takes place and the latter revolves with difficulty and an
unsteady motion of the spindle and the speedy wearing of the bearings and spindle is
the result.
In order to obviate these faults the upper or collar bearing of the spindle is,
according to this invention, made freely movable in the body of the bearing, so that
this bearing can follow freely all the relative positions of the spindle to the beam on
which the bearing is mounted.
On the accompanying drawing Figure 1 is a vertical cross section through a part
of the carriage of a self actor; Figure 2 shews a vertical section of the collar
bearing on a larger scale, Figure 3 is also a vertical cross section at right angles
thereto and Figure 4 a plan section through the upper part of the bearing,
Figure 5 is a detail view shewing sectional form of helical groove. Figure 6 is
a vertical .cross section of a modified form of collar bearing and Figures 7
and 8 vertical cross section and plan sectional views respectively of another
modification.
Both the wooden beams A and B of the self actor carriage are connected together
by brackets C as usual. A rail a is fixed to the lower beam B which rail is bored
through wherever a spindle b is mounted and provided with screw thread.
Short brass or other suitable bearing metal plugs c are screwed into the rail a,
said plugs having holes bored in from the top to a suitable depth and countersunk,
thus serving as step bearings for the spindles b.
A similar rail d is fixed to the upper beam A and has holes bored through to
correspond with those in the lower rail a. Each hole is conically enlarged downward
as shewn more clearly in Figures 2 and 3, so that only the narrow annular upper
edge of the hole embraces the collar bearing f of the spindle. This bearing is
cylindrical, the upper part is however somewhat thicker than the hole in the rail, so
that the shoulder thus formed thereon takes on to the top of rail see Figure 3.
Besides this the bearing is provided with a nose or projection e which fits into a

page_text: corresponding notch in the hole in the rail, so that the bearing cannot turn, but
nevertheless admits of small oscillations in the upper edge of the hole in the rail.
In order to facilitate the thorough lubrication of the spindles the inner bearing
surface is provided with a steep helical oil groove h, which ends at the top in a dish
shaped recess for the reception of the oil. A channel g leads out of this recess along
the back of the bearing nearly to the lower end, where a small hole i connects the
channel with the bottom of the helical groove h. The channel is encircled by a
tube or jacket to retain the oil or said channel may be drilled down through the
body of the bearing f and the tube k may be thus dispensed with. The pitch of the
helical groove is so chosen that the oil, which the quickly rotating spindle carries
with it is forced to rise upwards in the helical groove or way h, then to enter into the
dish shaped recess and then pass downwards through the channel g in order again to
enter the helical groove or way by the small bottom hole i. The helical way is made
three cornered in section or thereabouts as shewn in Figure 5.
In consequence of this section, the oil rising upwards in the helical groove h is not
only carried upwards, but it will also rise upwards on the inclined surface at an
acute angle to the spindle in the direction of the feathered arrow Figure 5 and
distribute itself equally over the bearing surface of the bearing.
A narrow rim on one side and a gutter m on the other side in both rails a and d
collect the oil and lead it equally to all the spindles.
According to another modification in the bearings of self actor spindles, the
channel g may be replaced by a chamber or recess p in the upper end of the bearing
as seen with reference to Figure 6. Then when the spindle is revolved to the right
the oil rising in the helical way h will collect in the chamber p. By the following
revolving of the spindle to the left, the oil is again led downwards in the helical
way h (without, meanwhile, any amount of oil worth mentioning flowing down below)
so as to rise again and be distributed on the following revolving to the right. The
pitch and cross section of the helical way h must be so chosen that the whole contents
thereof approximately correspond to those of the chamber p so that the latter is
capable of completely taking up the oil contained in the way. The oil will accordingly
go up and down the spindle continually.
As shown in Figure 7, and by a dotted line in Figure 8 the collar bearing ƒ may
have an eccentrically bored out recess which divides one side of the bearing surface
in the collar bearing for the spindle into two but runs off towards the opposite side
and does not touch the helical way h. Above the chamber or recess p the collar
bearing is bored out somewhat larger to about the depth of the helical way h, in
order, on the one hand, that the oil may enter the chamber more easily when poured
in and on the other hand that the said oil when carried up from below, by the
quick rotation of the spindle, into the oil chamber p may not rise in the upper
countersunk part of the collar bearing box f. The oil therefore always remains in
the chamber p and can never come into contact with the yarn on the spindle and
soil same.
In consequence of the mobility of the collar bearing the following advantages are
attained viz. that the fitting of this bearing does not call for that amount of extreme
care which had to be exercised heretofore and that the bearing adapts itself to the
direction of the axis of the spindle. A further advantage consists in that the
unavoidable bending of the spindle when the driving cord is too tight can not any
more produce a jamming of the spindle in the bearing, the bearing adapting itself to
all bending of the spindle with ease, and in consequence of the tension of the driving
cord adapting itself to the spindle in its whole length.
In consequence of this easy mobility of the spindle, which may be increased
without impairing the sure guiding by making the collar bearing a fraction of a
millimeter larger in diameter than the part of the spindle in question; the number of
revolutions of the spindle may be made as large as other considerations relating to
the spinning admit without in anyway detracting from the quiet working. The
wearing surface may also be increased by prolonging the bearing much beyond usual
proportions and the wear of the frictional surfaces will decrease in proportion. As

page_text: the pressure on a square unit of a thus enlarged bearing surface will be corre-
spondingly decreased, other metals may be used for the body of the bearing than
hitherto usual or suitable for instance all the rather hard or rather soft white metal
compositions. Lastly there is the special advantage that the bearing and the spindle
may be expeditiously taken out and cleaned and as easily put in again without being
obliged to loosen or remove a single screw or the like.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is:-
First An easily changeable collar bearing for the spindles of self actors and other
spinning machinery removable in the direction of the axis of the spindle and
consisting of a bearing collar floose in and surrounded by the rail d, and prevented
from being revolved with the spindle by a projection e in such manner that the said
collar can slightly oscillate in its bearing in the upper rail and follow every position
the spindle may take in consequence of the tension of the driving cord substantially as
described.
Second-The collar bearing provided with the helical way h in combination with
the outer channel g which leads the oil to the helical way h substantially as
described.
:-
Third The collar bearing provided with the helical way h in combination with
the chamber p in the upper end of the collar substantially as and for the purpose
described.
Fourth-The collar bearing provided with the helical way h, eccentrically bored
recess r and chamber p substantially as described and shewn.
Fifth-The improvements in bearings for the spindles of self acting and other
spinning mules substantially as described and shown.