AN IMPROVED MECHANICAL ARRANGEMENT STATE OF COAL AND OTHER MINES."
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Fairley, of Loughor, near Llanelly, Carmar-.
thenshire, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED MECHANICAL ARRANGEMENT
STATE OF COAL AND OTHER MINES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Fairley at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th June 1867.
I, WILLIAM FAIRLEY, of Loughor, near Llanelly, Carmarthenshire, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MECHANICAL
ARRANGEMENT FOR PREVENTING OVERWINDING IN SHAFTS OF COAL AND OTHER
MINES," to be as follows:-
A lever to be placed near the mouth of the pit, working on a shaft fixed in
the guide, which lever to be connected by means of an iron rod or chain
with the end of the eccentric rod and with the handle of the throttle valve.
The lever to be placed at an angle of of about 70 degrees so that the slipper of
the cage in its ascent from the mine shall push it back and so put the.
eccentric out of gear or shut the steam off by pulling back the throttle valve
or both. By putting the eccentric out of gear the reciprocating motion of the
slide valve is destroyed, and no more steam will be admitted through the
"ports," and the progress of the cage is arrested. The Invention to be
applied to steam or air engines..

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Fairley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
17th December 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
FAIRLEY, of Loughor, near Llanelly, Carmarthenshire, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give. and grant unto me, the
said William Fairley, Her special licence that I, the said William Fairley,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
William Fairley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from, time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might, make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,, an Invention for "AN
IMPROVED MECHANICAL ARRANGEMENT FOR PREVENTING OVERWINDING IN SHAFTS
OF COAL AND OTHER MINES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said William Fairley, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed-in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE,. that I, the said William Fairley, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
1
The object of this Invention is to prevent the end of the rope together with.
the cage," or whatever may be attached to it, being overwound the pulley
placed at the top of vertical shafts, and is peculiarly applicable to the shafts.
of coal and other mines, and likewise to the hoists of warehouses or blast
furnaces, or wherever the steam engine is used for winding from pits. It is
likewise applicable to air or water engines.
Its action will be understood by describing its application to a steam.
engine., The Diagram illustrates this, and shews the working of the slide
valve within the steam chest and its connection with the excentric.. When
the engine is running at full speed with the steam on the eccentric rod A, B,

page_text: gives a reciprocating motion to the valve V, which opens and closes the ports
p, p, alternately; by this means the steam is brought to bear against the
piston Pat the top and bottom ends of the cylinder alternately, It will thus
be seen that if the connection between the eccentric and the slide valve be
broken its self-acting reoiprocating motion will be destroyed and the engine
must came to a stand; the brakesman or engineer now does this by throwing
the eccentric out of gear, as shewn by the dotted lines C, D, by means of a
foot lever. It is proposed to effect this at the proper time without the aid of
the engineer by a mechanical connection from the top of the pit across to the
engine house and to the end of the eccentric rod, as shewn on Diagram.
The shaft and cranks S, a, b, c, which are let into the guide G, G, with the
other connections S, d, e, S, f, g, h, i, k, are so arranged that the slipper of
the cage on its ascent along the guide will move the levers and so put the
eccentric rod in the position C, D. The position of shaft and cranks S, a, b,
must be so fixed that the cage shall be neither too high or too low when the
eccentric is put out of gear. It may be noted that if the eccentric be knocked
out of gear when one of the portways has just been opened the engine will go
a half stroke before stopping, but if the disconnection be made when the slide
valve covers both ports the engine will stop at once. It is proposed to have a
similar connection where the eccentric works a slot link, but in this case
where there are two cages in the shaft the gearing must for the one be the
reverse of the other. The same connection may be made to shut the
steam off.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Fairley, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
WILLIAM FAIRLEY. (L.S.)