Improvements in the Mode and Means for Making the Junctions of Tubes or Pipes which are also applicable to Telegraph Posts and other similar purposes.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Mode and Means for Making the Junctions of
Tubes or Pipes which are also applicable to Telegraph Posts and
other similar purposes.
We, JOHN SPENCER, THOMAS HARRIS SPENCER, and HERBERT SPENCER SMALL-
MAN, all of Globe Tube Works, Wednesbury, in the County of Stafford, Manu-
facturers, do hereby declare the nature of our said invention to be as follows:--
Our invention has for its object improvements in the mode and means for making
the junctions of tubes or pipes which are also applicable to telegraph posts and
other similar purposes and by which such junctions or joints are quickly and easily
made in a cheap and substantial manner.
In making the junction of a tube of wrought iron or steel with the base of a
telegraph post or similar article we take the tube and enlarge it internally a few
inches up and then from the enlargement reduce it down to a taper end by swaging
or by pressure or in dies. We make the taper without the expansion in some
cases by which means we maintain the approximate thickness of the tube through-
out which is much better than turning the taper from a parallel tube. In such
junctions we may finish both the socket and spigot by turning and boring or by
accurate dies and forging. We may chamber out the socket or both socket and
spigot to reduce the length of contact in the junction. We also make the junctions
of large to small tubes for poles or telegraph posts or the like by forming a tapered
junction piece with socket or spigot ends which may be screwed or plain and the
sockets may be strengthened by bands of metal screwed welded or shrunk on them.
In other cases we may flange up the ends of the tubes to be joined by a small flange
between which we place a rubber or other ring with an external ferrule placed
over the flanges and extended beyond their faces with a sleeve at each end screwed
into the ferrule to force the flanges together against the joint piece, or the sleeves
may be flanged outwards with two or more long bolts to draw them together. A
still simpler mode is to butt the ends of two pipes together with a ferrule passing
over the ends larger in diameter into the ends of which a short taper sleeve is driven
or forced to hold them tightly together. Such junctions are suitable for the pipes
in which telegraph and telephone wires may be enclosed and protected.
Dated this 15th day of April 1838.
JOHN SPENCER.
THOMAS HARRIS SPENCER.
HERBERT SPENCER SMALLMAN.
By George Barker,
Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents,
Agent for Applicants, 77, Colmore Row, Birmingham.

page_text: Improvements in the Mode and Means for Making the Junctions of
Tubes or Pipes which are also applicable to Telegraph Posts and
other similar purposes.
We, Joux SPENCER, THOMAS HARRIS SPENCER, and HERBERT SPENCER SMALL-
MAN, all of Globe Tube Works, Wednesbury, in the County of Stafford, Manu-
facturers, do hereby declare the nature of our said invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed. to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
Our invention has for its object improvements in the mode and means for making
the junctions of tubes or pipes which are also applicable to telegraph posts and
other similar purposes and by which such junctions or joints are quickly and easily
made in a cheap and substantial manner.
In making the junction of tube of wrought iron or steel with the base of a
telegraph post or similar article we take the tube and enlarge it internally a few
inches up and then from the enlargement reduce it down to a taper end by swaging
or by pressure or in dies. We make the taper without the expansion in some cases
by which means we maintain the approximate thickness of the tube throughout
which is much better than turning the taper from a parallel tube. In such junc-
tions we may finish both the socket and spigot by turning and boring or by accurate
dies and forging. We may chamber out the socket or both socket and spigot to
reduce the length of contact in the junction. We also make the junctions of large
to small tubes for poles or telegraph posts or the like by forming a tapered junction
piece with socket or spigot ends which may be screwed or plain and the sockets
may be strengthened by bands of metal screwed welded or shrunk on them. In
other cases we may flange up the ends of the tubes to be joined by a small flange
between which we place a rubber or other ring with an external ferrule placed
over the flanges and extended beyond their faces with a sleeve at each end screwed
into the ferrule to force the flanges together against the joint piece, or the sleeves
may be flanged outwards with two or more long bolts to draw them together. A
still simpler mode is to butt the ends of two pipes together with a ferrule passing
over the ends larger in diameter into the ends of which a short taper sleeve is driven
or forced to hold them tightly together. Such junctions are suitable for the pipes
in which telegraph and telephone wires may be enclosed and protected.
In order that our invention may be more clearly understood and easily carried
into practical effect we have appended hereunto two double sized sheets of drawings
upon which we have illustrated several examples of our improved junctions.
Figure 1 is a part sectional elevation of a junction shewing the tube T enlarged
internally near the end and then tapered down to fit the enlarged end of the tube
or base B.
Figure 2 is a part sectional elevation shewing the end of the tube T tapered
without the expansion fitted into the tube or base B.
Figure 3 is a similar view to Figure 2 shewing the socket or base B chambered
out to reduce the length of contact in the junction.
Figure 4 is a part sectional elevation shewing the junction of large to small
tubes.
Figure 5 is a similar view to Figure 4 shewing a slight modification.
Figures 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10 are part sectional elevations shewing further modification
of our junctions.
In making the junction of the tube T whether of wrought iron or steel with the

page_text: base or tube B of a telegraph post or similar article we enlarge the end of the tube T
internally a short distance up at t¹ and then reduce the extreme end down to a
taper by swaging or by pressure in dies. The end b¹ of the base or tube B is opened
out or ""bell mouthed to receive the end of the tube T as clearly shewn at
Figure 1 thus making a neat and simple junction. In some cases we may taper
the end of the tube T without being expanded or enlarged internally by which
means we maintain the approximate thickness of the tube throughout which is
much better than turning the taper from a parallel tube and we may form the
base with the internal tapering enlargement 62 and the finishing bead 63 as clearly
shewn at Figure 2. Or we may chamber out the socket end of the base B at 6 to
reduce the length of contact in the junction as clearly shewn at Figure 3. In such
junctions we may finish both the socket and spigot by turning and boring or by
accurate dies and forging.
In making the junctions of large to small tubes for poles or telegraph posts
or the like we form the taper junction piece or pieces D) with the tapped socket
ends and d². The ends 3 of the tubes T are reduced by swaging or by pressure
in dies and afterwards screw threaded and then the junction piece or pieces D
are screwed onto these reduced ends of the tubes, the larger ends of the
junction pieces screwing onto the upper ends and the smaller ends d
screwing onto the lower ends of each succeeding length of tube as
clearly shewn at Figure 4. Or we may form the junction pieces D
with screwed spigot ends d³ and d' and tap the ends of the tubes T to receive the
screwed ends of the junction pieces as clearly shewn at Figure 5. In some cases
we may leave the ends of the junction pieces whether spigot or socket ends plain
the ends of the tubes being left plain also and the sockets may be strengthened
by bands of metal screwed, welded, or shrunk onto them.
At Figures 6 and 7 we have shewn another form of our junction. In this case
we flange up the ends of the tubes T and place between the flanged ends the
rubber or other ring 15. We then place the sleeves E and E¹ onto the ends of the
tubes so as to butt against the flanges and these sleeves are screwed externally,
one with a right hand thread and the other with a left hand thread to receive
the ferrule F which is tapped at either end with corresponding threads. It will
thus be seen that when the ferrule F is turned it will force the sleeves E and E¹
against the flanges thereby firmly uniting the two lengths of tubing. Figure 6
shews the application of our joint to light gauge tubes and Figure 7 shews the
application to cast or heavy tubes. In some cases we may dispense with the ring 65.
and turn or face the flanged ends so as to make an accurate fit.
In the method as shewn at Figure 8 we dispense with the ferrule F and flange
the ends e of the sleeves E2 and E3 outwardly and these flanges are drilled to
receive two or more long bolts to draw the sleeves together by which means
the two tubes are firmly held together. The rubber or other ring 5 may or may
not be placed between the flanged ends of the tubes.
At Figures 9 and 10 we have shewn a further modification of our invention. In
this method we butt the ends of the pipes or tubes T together and over these ends
we place the ferrule H which is larger in diameter and expanded or
"bell
mouthed" at both ends and into these ends of the ferrule we drive or force the
short taper sleeves and has clearly shewn at Figure 9 by which means the two
lengths of tubing are tightly held together. In the case of the junction as shewn
at Figure 10 we form the ferrule H³ straight and expand or bell mouth the
ends of the tubes T the taper sleeves and h² being afterward driven or forced
into the ends of the ferrule thus firmly holding the two lengths of tubing together.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
CLAIMS.
33

page_text: tubes or pipes which are also applicable to telegraph posts and other similar pur-
poses and consisting of enlargements and contractions of the sockets and spigots
into wedge shapes or of flanging the ends of tubes in combination with external
ferrules and wedge pieces substantially as herein set forth and as shewn upon the
accompanying sheets of drawings by Figures 1 to 10.
Second: Making the junctions of tubing or pipes whether parallel or taper by
enlarging the spigot end beyond the normal diameter of the pipe or tube which is
then tapered down the socket end being enlarged or "bell mouthed" in the manner
substantially as herein set forth and as shewn by Figure 1.
:
Third Joining lengths of tubing whether parallel or taper by reducing the
spigot end to a taper whether previously internally enlarged or not the socket end
being expanded or "bell mouthed" in the manner substantially as herein set forth
and as shewn by Figures 2 and 3.
Fourth Joining lengths of tubing whether parallel or taper applicable to
telegraph posts and other similar purposes by a tapering junction piece such as D
or its equivalent having either male or female ends in the manner substantially
as herein set forth and as shewn by Figures 4 and 5.
Fifth Making the junctions of tubing or pipes whether taper or parallel by
flanging the ends which are covered by the outer ferrule F acting in combination
with the tightening sleeves E and E¹ and either with or without an intermediate
ring such as to substantially as herein set forth and as shewn by Figures 6 and 7.
Sixth: Making the junctions of tubing or pipes whether parallel or taper by
flanging the ends t in combination and then fitting with the tightening sleeves
such as E² and E having their ends et flanged outwardly and provided with two
or more holes to receive the bolts such as e and either with or without an inter-
mediate ring such as 15 in the manner substantially as herein set forth and as
shewn by Figure 8.
Seventh-Making the junction of tubing or pipes whether parallel or taper by
a bell or taper mouthed ferrule such as H in combination with taper or wedge
shaped sleeves such as h¹ and ³ in the manner substantially as herein set forth
and as shewn by Figure 9.
:-
Eighth Making the junction of tubing or pipes whether parallel or taper by
expanding the ends into a gradual taper and enclosing the same in a ferrule such
as H3 in combination with short taper sleeve wedges such as h¹ and h² in the manner
substantially as herein set forth and as shewn by Figure 10.
JOHN. SPENCER.
THOMAS HARRIS SPENCER.
HERBERT SPENCER SMALLMAN.
By George Barker,
Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents,
Agent for Applicants, 77, Colmore Row, Birmingham.