Improvements in Files and in the Construction thereof.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Oct., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 16th Aug., 1893-Accepted, 23rd Sept., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Files and in the Construction thereof.
TOM TAYLOR 31-35 Royal Exchange Manchester Hardware Merchant do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in files.
It is well known that files are made of pieces of sheet steel fitted into a frame or
case so as to form a succession of cutting edges with a diagonal front or cutting
surface, these files are acknowledged superior in wearing qualities to ordinary files
made out of the solid, but they can only be used on one surface and part of the
edges, and they are only practicable for flat surface filing.
My improvement consists in loose cutters made of sheet steel or other metal of a
suitable quality and shape, preferably corrugated on one or both sides so as to
obtain longer cutting edges or surfaces & better clearance, and so fitted diagonally
upon a metal base or foundation that all the edges can be readily used without
altering the position of the cutters, after having been once fixed upon the base, and
such cutters may be of various shapes as when fixed together form flat, square,
round, half-round & irregular shaped files either parallel or taper, rough or smooth
of any required length.
1 fix on one end of the base a metal hoop or collar of suitable size having a
diagonal face towards the cutters. I slot the cutters so that they easily slide
upon the base and bed against the said fixed collar. I form a screw upon the
tang of the base and after filling the base with cutters to the required length I
secure them in position by a loose sliding collar having a diagonal surface towards
the cutters, and such collar is actuated by a handle having a hole suitably tapped,
and screwed upon the said tang and against the said sliding collar and suitably
secured upon the said tang.
Dated this 21st day of October 1899
TOM TAYLOR.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Files and in the Construction thereof.
I, TOM TAYLOR, of 31-35 Royal Exchange, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
-
This invention relates to that class of files which are constructed or built up of
pieces or blades of sheet steel to form a succession of cutting edges instead of the
ordinary file which is "
cut out of solid blanks.
23
Hitherto such files have been constructed of a number of pieces of sheet steel
fitted into a frame or case so set as to present a diagonal front or cutting surface.
This class of files are acknowledged to be superior in wearing qualities to the
ordinary file made out of the solid. but they can only be used on one surface and
part of the edges and are only practicable for filing flat surfaces.
My invention is designed to provide a file built up or constructed of loose cutters
which can be used on all the sides or edges and be made of flat square or other shape.
It consists essentially in constructing the file of a number of loose steel cutters
preferably corrugated on one side threaded onto and secured upon a metal blank or
base whereby all the sides or edges can be used without shifting the cutters or
altering their position when once fixed on the base.

page_text: It will be fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1. Front elevation showing one of the positions of cutters on the base or
blank.
Fig. 2. Front, side and end elevations of the base or blank upon which the cutters
are threaded.
Fig. 3. Front, back, side and end elevations of cutter..
Fig. 4. Front, side and end elevations of fixed stop collar.
Fig. 5. Front, side and end elevations of movable sliding stop collar.
Fig. 6. Front elevation shewing modified form.
The base or blank A on which the cutters B are fixed is made the length of the
file required and preferably the same shape though it may be of any shape to
correspond with the hole stamped in cutter B.
On one end of the base AI affix a stop collar or metal hoop C of a suitable size
and which is formed with an inclined or oblique face towards the cutters when they
are to be threaded obliquely and at the other end of the base I place a movable
sliding stop collar D with an inclined or oblique face similar to that on the stop
collar C. The stop collar D is free to slide upon the base A and when the cutters
are placed in position it is pressed up tightly against them by the handle or a nut
being screwed up against it.
The tang a of the base A is cut or chased with a screw thread and the handle E
is provided with an internal screw thread and can be screwed onto or off the tang.
Instead of or in addition to the screwed handle a nut may be screwed onto the
tang a to tighten up the collar C and cutter B against the stop collar C.
The cutters B are stamped or otherwise formed with a hole or slot >> so as to
easily slide upon the blank or base A. These cutters are preferably corrugated on
one side and the edges are bevelled to meet the corrugations which produces a
serrated edge and which when assembled together on the base A produces a cutting
surface resembling but superior to the cross cutting of an ordinary file.
Referring to Fig. 6 the cutters B are shewn threaded onto and clamped upon the
base A in an upright position.
Files constructed according to my invention may be of any desired shape or form
such as flat square round half-round triangular or either parallel or taper rough or
smooth of any required length.
The base or blank A with the stop collar C affixed to it and the cutters B having
been prepared as described the cutters are threaded one after the other onto the
base A in the manner shown in Figs. 1 or 6 until it is full and the movable collar
is then placed in position against the last cutter. The whole are then tightened up
and fixed in position by screwing the handle E or a nut tightly against the sliding
collar D. To sharpen the file the cutters B are removed and ground upon their
bevelled edges and then replaced.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A file constructed of a number of loose steel cutters threaded onto and secured
upon a metal base or blank (such as A) by a collar and screwed handle or nut
substantially as described.
2. In a file built up or constructed of loose cutters the combination of the base
or blank A provided with a screwed tang a the cutters B provided with a central
slot or hole the stop collar C the sliding collar D and the screwed handle E or a
nut whereby they are securely clamped together in position substantially as
described and shown.
Dated this 15th day of August 1893.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.