Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Drying Distillers' and Brewers' Draff or Dreg, but which is also applicable for Drying other similar Materials.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 17th May, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 17th Feb., 1891-Accepted, 11th Apr., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Drying Distillers' and
Brewers' Draff or Dreg, but which is also applicable for Drying
other similar Materials.
I, JAMES MITCHELL, of 4, Mardale Crescent, Edinburgh, in the County of
Midlothian, North Britain, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in machinery or apparatus for drying
distillers and brewers draff or dreg, but which is also applicable for drying other
similar materials has for its object to receive the wet draff from a feeding hopper,
and to deliver it out of the machine in a perfectly dried state ready to be sold or
utilized for cattle feeding or for any other purposes as required.
In the carrying out of my invention I employ three or other suitable number of
long horizontal troughs within which I have feeding screws rotating; as the draff
falls down through the feeding hopper into the one end of the topmost trough it is
carried along the said trough by the feeding screw to the opposite end of the
trough, where it falls down into a similar trough below and is carried along by
the feeding screw therein to the opposite end of the said trough where it falls down
into the end of the next trough below, and is discharged in a dried state at the
opposite end of the said trough. The troughs which carry the draff are constructed
as steam cases a pipe from the steam supply being attached to the casing of the
troughs and connecting pipes being provided between each of the troughs.
In order to carry off the evaporation from the draff as it is carried along the
steam heated troughs I drive a current of air through the machine; the cold air
inlet is preferably arranged at the bottom of the drying machine, and escapes at
the top of the machine, so that the greatest amount of heat generated by the air
current on its way over the heated troughs is expended upon the dampest
material.
The feeding screws may be rotated by gearing or like power in any suitable
manner; all the screw shafts however being preferably geared together.
By the employment of feeding screws as hereinbefore described the material is
not only continuously and regularly carried along and discharged but it is also
tossed about by the screw blades, and is therefore more intimately exposed to the
heating agents, and the said screws also in their working continuously cut up
the material and thereby discharge it in a suitable condition.
I
may employ any number of troughs and the troughs may be of any length, and
I may arrange them in any suitable manner, for example I may arrange two, three
or more troughs side by side with the same arrangement for each of the under
troughs, all according to the kind of material to be dealt with or the exigencies of
the premises where the drying is to be conducted.
M
1000

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Drying Distillers' and
Brewers' Draff or Dreg, but which is also applicable for Drying
other similar Materials..
I, JAMES MITCHELL, of 4, Mardale Crescent, Edinburgh, in the County of
Midlothian, North Britain, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
...This invention relates to improvements in machinery or apparatus for drying
distillers or brewers draff or dreg, more particularly press bag or filtered dreg and
has. for its object to receive the wet draff from a suitable feeding hopper, and to
deliver it out of the machine in a perfectly dried state ready to be sold or utilized
for cattle feeding or other purposes.
As shown in the accompanying drawing, which is a side elevation of my machine
or apparatus, I'mount within a chamber or casing A a series of three or more long
horizontal steam jacketed troughs, B preferably mounted the one above the other,
as shown and supplied with live or exhaust steam in such a manner that the steam
when at its greatest temperature acts on the material when in its dampest state and
when at its lowest temperature or nearly so with the material when in its dryest
state or nearly so, that is to say by leading the steam in at the entering end of the
top troughs steam jacket b, by means of a pipe C, and thence through suitable
connecting pipes C¹ to the lower troughs till it gets exhausted from the end of the
lowest troughs' steam jacket, b,, by the pipe C².
Inside each of the said steam jacketed troughs I mount, by any suitable means, a
feeding screw, D which may be either right or left handed as desired, and driven
by means of spur or other gearing E, though preferably I drive one screw from
main drivere, and connect or drive the other screws from said screw. The said
screws being so arranged and driven that on the wet material entering through the
hopper F, on top of machine, it enters the one end of the top trough B, and is fed
along till it reaches the other end where it falls down through a suitable shoot G
into the one end of the trough B, underneath, thence along to its opposite end and
down through its shoot G to the one end of the next, (or lowest if it is a series of
three troughs), and along it till it reaches its opposite end where it passes through
a suitable discharge shoot G¹ or hopper in a dried state to any suitable clevator or
conveyor for bagging or other purposes, the said elevator or conveyor being
preferably of such a length as to cool the dried material before being bagged or
stored.
In order to carry off the evaporation from the material during the drying process,
I drive, by means of a fan or otherwise, a current of air through the said machine,
preferably in such a manner as indicated by the arrows that the cold air on entering
comes in contact with the material when near its dryest state, and after traversing
up through the machine, during which passage it becomes heated and reaches the
material when in its dampest state immediately before passing out of the machine,
that is to say when the air is at its highest temperature.
The whole arrangement being such that on the wet material entering the machine
it is fed through the same by means of the screws which also tend to toss about the
said material and so more intimately expose it to the heating and drying influences
of the steam and air, before it is discharged from the said machine in a
dry state.
I may also employ any other number of troughs as well as three, which may be of
any desired length, and I may arrange two or more series of troughs side by side, with
the same arrangement for each of the under troughs, all according to the kind of
material being dealt with, or the arrangement of the premises where the drying
process is being carried on in.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :--
The general arrangement and combination of the various parts constituting my
improved machine or apparatus for drying distillers or brewers draff or dreg, more
particularly press bag or filtered dreg, substantially as herein before described.
Dated this 16th day of February 1891.
JOHNSONS,
115, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicant's Agents.