IMPROVE- MENTS IN HYDRAULIC PUNCHING APPARATUS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Phillips Baragwanath, of 22, Castle Street;
Falcon Square, in the City of London, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN HYDRAULIC PUNCHING APPARATUS."-A communication from
abroad by Richard Dudgeon, of Columbia Street, New York, United
States of America.
Sealed the 19th March 1861, and dated 14th December 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Phillips Baragwanath
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 14th December 1860.
I, JOHN PHILLIPS BARAGWANATH, of 22, Castle Street, Falcon Square, in
the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC PUNCHING APPARATUS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in hydraulic punching
apparatus. In order that bydraulic punching apparatus may be portable two
jaws (one for the punch and one for the hollow stationary die) are combined
and formed in the same piece in such form, as not to require to be fixed on a
stand, but so as to admit of the punching apparatus being readily moved and
applied to a sheet or sheets of metal to be punched in varied positions according
to the nature of the work required to be performed, and the fixed position of
the plate or plates to be punched. In one jaw is formed or applied the
stationary hollow die; in the other jaw, where the punch is arranged to work,
a cylindrical or other suitably formed chamber is formed to admit of a ram or
plunger to which the punch is attached working in the chamber or cylinder.
The ram or plunger is packed by a cupped leather or suitable packing to
prevent the passage of water past the plunger or ram, which is made of larger

page_text: diameter than the punch it carries, and the punch is attached thereto. To the
back of the ram or plunger is affixed a rod which passes out from the chamber,
there being a suitable cupped leather or other material to prevent water passing
out in that direction, and the rod is further packed at the back of the cupped
packing. The outer end of the rod is arranged to be acted on by an excentric,
or it may be by a screw, or otherwise, so as readily to move it and the plunger
or ram with the punch back when the pressure of the water is no longer
acting. It is preferred that the forcing apparatus should be formed separate
from the parts above described, and that the same should be fixed thereto by
a screw in such manner as to form a cap or cover to the end of the cylinder
or chamber within which the ram or plunger works. It is also preferred that
the axis of the barrel containing the requisite supply of water or other fluid
should be at right angles to the cylinder or chamber, although this arrangement
may be varied. A passage is made through the cupped leather or material
forming the packing, and also through the end or cover of the cylinder through
which the water or other fluid may be forced in order to act on the ram or
plunger. The water or other fluid is forced from the barrel into the cylinder
or chamber containing the ram or plunger by means of a screw which passes
through the end of the barrel. Near the outer end of the barrel the screw is
surrounded by a flexible elastic packing recessed into a groove or channel in
the barrel around the screw. Within this screw, which is hollow, a second
screw of smaller diameter is passed, there being a female screw formed near
the outer end of the first-mentioned screw. The interior of the first-mentioned
screw is recessed near its outer end in such manner as to receive a packing of
flexible and elastic material in order to pack the.inner screw. By thus having
two screws a different power is obtained according as the larger or smaller one
is turned. It may be stated that although it is preferred thus to use screws
as the forcers, other arrangements may be employed for actuating the plunger
or plungers used to force the water or other fluid out of the barrel into the
cylinder, so as to act on the ram or plunger therein.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Phillips Baragwanath in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 14th June 1861..
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
PHILLIPS BARAGWANATH, of 22, Castle Street, Falcon Square, in the City of
London, send greeting::

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters.
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of December, in the year of our-Lord;
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her reign,,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said.
John Phillips Baragwanath, Her special licence that I, the said John Phillips.
Baragwanath, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,:
the said John Phillips Baragwanath, my executors, administrators, and assigns,.
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might,
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN HYDRAULIC PUNCHING APPARATUS," a communication to me from abroad.
by Richard Dudgeon, of Columbia Street, New York, United States of
America, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Phillips
Baragwanath, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing,
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.'
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Phillips Baragwanath, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in hydraulic punching appa-
ratus. In order that hydraulic punching apparatus may be portable, two jaws
(one for the punch, and one for the hollow stationary die) are combined and
formed in the same piece in such form as not to require to be fixed on a stand,
but so as to admit of the punching apparatus being readily moved and applied
to a sheet or sheets of metal to be punched in varied positions, according to
the nature of the work required to be performed and the fixed position of
the plate or plates to be punched. In one jaw is formed or applied the sta-
tionary hollow die; in the other jaw; where the punch is arranged to work, a
cylindrical or other suitably formed chamber is formed to admit of a ram or
plunger, to which the punch is attached, working in the chamber or cylinder.
The ram or plunger is packed by a cupped leather or suitable packing, to
prevent the passage of water past the plunger, a ram which is made of larger
diameter than the punch it carries, and the punch is attached thereto., To
the back of the ram. or plunger is affixed a rod which passes out from the

page_text: chamber, there being a suitable cupped leather or other material to prevent
water passing out in that direction, and the rod is further packed at the back
of the cupped packing. The outer end of the rod is arranged to be acted on
by an excentric, or it may be by a screw or otherwise, so as readily to move it
and the plunger or ram with the punch back when the pressure of the water
is no longer acting. It is preferred that the forcing apparatus should be
formed separate from the parts above described, and that the same should be
fixed thereto by a screw in such manner as to form a cap or cover to the end
of the cylinder or chamber within which the ram or plunger works. It is also
preferred that the axis of the barrel containing the requisite supply of water
or other fluid should be at right angles to the cylinder or chamber, although
this arrangment may be varied. A passage is made through the cupped leather
or material forming the packing, and also through the end or cover of the
cylinder through which the water or other fluid may be forced in order to act
on the ram or plunger. The water or other fluid is forced from the barrel
into the cylinder or chamber containing the ram or plunger by means of a.
ścrew which passes through the end of the barrel. Near the outer end of the
barrel the screw is surrounded by a flexible elastic packing recessed into a
groove or channel in the barrel around the screw. Within this screw, which
is hollow, a second screw of smaller diameter is passed, there being a female
screw formed near the outer end of the first-mentioned screw. The interior
of the first-mentioned screw is recessed near its outer end in such manner as
to receive a packing of flexible and elastic material in order to pack the inner
screw. By thus having two screws a different power is obtained, according as
the larger or smaller one is turned. It may be stated, that although it is
preferred thus to use screws as. the forcers, other arrangements may be em-
ployed for actuating the plunger or plungers used to force the water or other
fluid out of the barrel into the cylinder so as to act on the ram or plunger
therein.
Having thus stated the nature of the said Invention I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.
.DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS... ;
Figure 1 is a side elevation of hydraulic punching apparatus; Figure.2
'shews a plan thereof; Figure 3 a front view thereof; and Figure 4 shews a
vertical transverse sectional view of the apparatus.
a and b are the two jaws of the apparatus, which are combined in one piece
'of metal, as is shewn. In the jaw a the bollow die c is contained, and the
'punch d is carried by the jaw b. On the interior- of the jaw b is formed a

page_text: chamber, by preference of a cylindrical form, though it may be of other shape.
In the chamber e is a ram f, on which is fixed the punch d. To the other
end of the ram fis applied a cupped leather 9, or a cup of other suitable
material, by which the water or other fluid in the chamber e is prevented
passing out of the chamber in that direction, and at the upper end of the
chamber & there is another cup h of leather or other suitable material, by
which the water or other fluid is prevented passing in that direction; i is a rod
which is fastened to the ram and passes out of the chamber, as shewn, there
being packing applied around it in a suitable recess, as shewn. This rod i is
attached to an excentric j, which can be caused to rotate by introducing the
end of a rod into the hole 7. The object of this rod is to bring back the
punch when the fluid in the chamber e is no longer pressing on the ram f.
On the outer end of the chamber e is applied another chamber / having an
opening or passage & between it and the chamber e. It is preferred that the
chamber and the chamber e should be made separate, and go together by
means of a screw, as shewn, but this is not essential. Within the chamber
is a screw m, which works in a female screw formed at the outer end of the
chamber ; n is a recess containing packing, in order that the water or other
fluid may not pass in that direction out of the chamber l. The screw m acts
as a piston or plunger in barrel or chamber 1; this screw is hollow, and
receives a second screw o, which acts as a plunger or piston in the interior of
the screw m. On causing the screw m or the screw o to be turned it will
press on the water in the chamber and cause it to pass into the chamber e
and act on the ram therein, and consequently the punch carried thereby. In
using this apparatus the screw m is first turned till the punch d presses
strongly on the sheet metal interposed between it and the hollow die c; the
screw o is then turned, which causes the plunger to pass through the metal
interposed between it and the die c.
Having thus described the nature of the Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I do not claim the
mechanical parts separately, but what I claim is, the combination herein
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Phillips Baragwanath, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
'
JOHN P. BARAGWANATH. (L.S.)