IMPROVEMENTS IN HARVESTING MACHINES
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Bernhard Samuelson and William George Man-
waring, of Banbury, in the County of Oxford, Engineers, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN HARVESTING MACHINES.”
Sealed the 11th December 1874, and dated the 26th September 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Bernhard Samuelson
and William George Manwaring at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 26th September 1874.
We, BERNHARD SAMUELSON and WILLIAM GEORGE MANWARING, of
Banbury, in the County of Oxford, Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HARVESTING MACHINES,”
to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to harvesting machines which gather in the
crop and deliver it from the platform to one side by means of rakes or
gathering reels, or rakes alone, carried by arms which are connected and
revolve with an upright or inclined shaft.

page_text: The object of the Invention is twofold; first, to enable the attendant
to control the path of one or more of these arms so that the cut crop
may be swept off the platform or left lying thereon, as may be desired.
This part of the Invention consists in the combination of, firstly, a fixed
guide, such as the ordinary cam; and secondly, a second guide revolving 5
with the shaft; with, thirdly, projections on the arms, the position of
which projections can be varied by the attendant.
When it is desired that the cut crop shall be swept from the platform
the projection on the arm is so placed as not to prevent the arm being
controlled by the fixed guide throughout the entire path; but when the 1
cut drop is not to be touched the projection is placed so as to cause the
arm to be controlled by the second or revolving guide instead of by the
fixed guide while the arm is traversing the platform, such arm being
thereby raised so that the rake or gathering blades which it carries shall
clear the cut crop.
The two guides are so shaped as to admit of the easy transition of the
arms from the one to the other at the required points, and the revolving
guide may consist of the usual crown wheel or of an attachment thereto,
or it may be separately attached to the shaft.
The arrangement may be varied by having the moveable projections
on the revolving guide instead of on the arms without departing from
the principle of this part of our Invention.
The second object is to equalize the strain of the animals drawing the
same upon the machine, and it consists in fixing to the pole of the
machine a block which carries a pivotted lever, from the end of which
lever a draw bar is carried back at an angle to the front of the machine
inside of the pole. The same block carries another lever on the same
pivot parallel with the first one, to the end of which the horses are
harnessed by means of whippletrees.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said Bernhard Samuelson and William George Man-
waring in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 25th March
1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, BERNHARD
SAMUELSON and WILLIAM GEORGE MANWARING, of Banbury, Oxford-
shire, Engineers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in
the thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto us, the said Bernhard Samuelson and
William George Manwaring, Her special licence that we, the said
Bernhard Samuelson and William George Samuelson, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Bernhard
Samuelson and William George Samuelson, our executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HARVESTING
MACHINES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Bern-
hard Samuelson and William George Manwaring, our executors or admi.
nistrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Bernhard Samuelson, on behalf of
myself of and the said William George Manwaring, do hereby declare tho
nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to
say):
T
nation machines which anther in the

page_text: crop and deliver it from the platform to one side by means of rakes and
gathering blades, or rakes alone, carried by arms which are connected to
and revolve with an upright or an inclined shaft.
The object of the Invention is twofold, viz., first, to enable the
attendant to control the path of one or more of these blades or rakes`so {
that the cut crop may be swept off the platform or left lying thereon, as
may be desired; secondly, to equalize the strain of the draught horses
upon the machine.
The first part of our Invention consists in the combination of a fixed
guide (such as the ordinary rake guiding cam) with a second guide 1
revolving with the rake shaft, together with means for causing one or
other of these guides (at pleasure) to act upon the rotating arms. The
mode in which we prefer to carry out this part of our Invention is shewn
in Sheet I. of the Drawings, where Fig. 1 represents in side elevation so
much of a harvesting machine as will serve to explain this improvement; 1
Fig. 2 shews in plan the fixed guide with its attachments for varying
the control of the fixed and rotating guides at pleasure; and Fig. 3 is a
partial side elevation of certain of the parts shewn in Fig. 1, but in
.different relative positions.
A is the rake shaft carrying at its upper end the rocking socket B, to ?
which the rake arms C, C, are pivotted; E is the fixed cam guide upon
which run the antifriction rollers of the arms C, such guide serving, as
´ is well known, to rock the arms, and thereby to impart the requisite
lifting and lowering motions to the rakes or gathering blades.
Keyed to the rake shaft A is a bevil wheel F, through which rotary:
motion is communicated to that shaft. This wheel carries at its back
grooved studs G (constituting virtually a rotating guide) which when
brought into action will arrest the descent of the rakes sufficiently to
cause them while passing over the platform of the machine to miss the
cut crop that is accumulating thereon.
Pivotted to the arms O are short stilts H, which are intended when
the rotary guide G is brought into use to rest upon the same, and thereby
support their respective rakes clear of the platform. Fitted to the
standard I, which is one of the supports of the fixed guide cam E, is a
stop piece K. This stop piece stands across the path taken by the stilts
H when adjusted for use, as hereafter described, and it serves to divert

page_text: the stilts from that path (which is represented in Fig. 2 by the red
circle 1) into the path indicated by the dotted circle 2 of the same
Figure. Pivotted to this stop piece K is a switch piece L forming a
curved channel for receiving the stilts as they severally pass from the
stop K, and directing them in their further course when required. To
this switch piece L a chain M is attached, which leads to a treadle or
analogous contrivance placed conveniently for the attendant to operate
upon.
When it is desired that the cut crop shall be swept from the platform
by the revolving rakes the switch L will retain the position shewn at
Fig. 2, it being held there by the pressure of a coiled spring N, and the
switch will then coincide with the path taken by the stilts when they
are out of use. The stilts will therefore remain in the path of the inner
or dotted circle 2, and they will consequently as the rakes descend
towards their lowest position miss the rotating guide G, and remain out
of action during the revolution. If however at the next revolution it
is desired to keep the rakes clear of the cut crop the attendant by
drawing on the chain M will shift the switch L to the position shewn in
red lines at Fig. 2, and retain it in that position by, say, the pressure of
his foot on a treadle connected with the chain. The stilts H as they are
severally brought round by their revolving arms C and enter the switch L
will leave the path 2 and be diverted to the path 1. This will bring
them as they pass out of the grooved switch L into a position to rest
upon the rotating guide G, and thus the rake arms as they are brought
round over the platform will take the position shewn at Fig. 3 and in
red lines at Fig. 1, and the rakes will then pass over the platform clear
of the cut crop. If now the attendant desires once more to throw one
or more of the rakes into action he will release the switch L, and the
stilts as they come round to the stop K will be diverted by that stop
from the path 1 and thrown into the path 2, when they will fall against
a catch on the socket casting B, and rest there until again required for
use.
The second head of the Invention is illustrated at Sheet II. of the
Drawings, its object being, as before stated, to equalize the strain of the
draught animals upon the machine.
Fig. 4 is a plan view of the draught tackle applied to the draught pole
T
11

page_text: Our improvements consist in fixing to the pole P of the machine a
block Q to receive a cranked lever R, which is shewn detached at
Figures 7. The upper limb of this cranked lever R carries a pivot pin R³,
upon which is mounted the lever S. This pivotted lever is furnished at
its opposite ends with pivot pins S₁ for receiving each a whippletree T,
to which the horses are harnessed. The lower and shorter limb of the
cranked lever R carries a pivot pin R³, to which a draw bar U (leading
back to the front of the machine) is connected. By this arrangement
the pull of the horses is transmitted to the framing of the machine
through the cranked lever R, and thus the strain of the draught will be
equalized as desired.
Having now set forth the nature of our Invention of "Improvements
in Harvesting Machines," and explained the manner of carrying the
same into effect, we wish it to be understood that under the above in
part recited Letters Patent we claim,―
First. In combination with a fixed guide a guide revolving with the
rake arms for controlling the path of one or more of the rakes at the
pleasure of the attendant, as and for the purpose abovo described.
Secondly. The arrangement of draught tackle, above described, for
equalizing the strain of the draught horses on harvesting machines.
In witness whereof, I, the said Bernhard Samuelson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Nineteenth day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.