IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS OR LAMPS to be as follows:-
Year: 1886

page_text: I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS OR LAMPS to be
as follows:-
"
This invention relates to that class of gas burning lamps in which the air for
supporting combustion is highly heated on its way to the flame by the products of
combustion escaping into the open air.
The said invention consists, mainly, in the combination with the usual gas-
conveying pipes surrounding an annular burner, and flues for carrying off the
products of combustion, of a central conduit, through which the air-supply is drawn
(and at the same time highly heated), contained in a chamber within the annulus
of the burner; together with an external casing for directing the heated air to the
flame;
the said 'air-supply conduit being connected by means of pipes or tubes with
the annular space contained within said casing ;
The said invention also partly consists in an auxiliary adjustable tube or funnel,
whereby the incoming fresh air which supports the gaseous combustion as directed
toward the middle portion of the upper end of the air-heating cylinder, located in
the chamber into and through which the products of combustion descend, and
whereby the quantity of air allowed to pass against the end of said cylinder and to
the burner, may be regulated;
The invention further partly consists in some details of construction and
arrangement as hereinafter described.
According to the said invention the continuous annular chamber is formed by
the walls of a cylinder of refractory material and hereinafter termed the refractory
cylinder, of a cylinder flaring outwardly at the top and hereinafter termed the
second cylinder, upon which the refractory cylinder, rests of a hollow frustum of a
cone flaring outwardly below and having an upper flange upon which the second
cylinder rests, and a lower flange through which pass the gas supply pipes, and of
a hollow cylinder with which are connected the flues hereinafter termed the exit
flues through which the products of combustion escape to the open air.
The upper
end of the hollow cylinder has an offset which registers with an offset in a second
hollow inwardly curving frustum similar to and enclosing the first mentioned
frustum.
A cylinder, which I term the heating cylinder is cast within that part of the
annular chamber formed by the wall of the hollow cylinder the diameter of the
former being preferably about one third less than that of the latter.
Continuous communication is thus formed between the upper end of the annular
chamber and the exit flues so that a current passing down can escape only through
the said flues which connect with a common connecting escape flue.

page_text: The main gas pipe has a number of branches, for instance for which pass through
the lower part of the annular chamber between the outer wall of the heating
cylinder and the inner wall of the bollow cylinder and are screwed into the flange
of the inner frustum delivering into the chamber hereinafter termed the gas
chamber between the walls of said frusta. Nuts upon the threaded ends of the gas
pipes serve to hold the inner frustum and its adjuncts, and the adjacent parts
rigidly together.
The upper part of the gas chamber communicates directly with a system of
burner tubes of the burner arranged around the second cylinder.
The parts herein before described are surrounded by an external continuous space
or chamber bereinafter termed the outer chamber, the lower portion of which is
preferably formed of sheet iron and is in close contact at its lower edge with the
edge of a flange on the hollow cylinder and whose upper edge is secured to a
hollow dome surrounding the frusta. Said dome is supported by means of inwardly
projecting lugs that rest upon an offset on the lower end of the outer frustum.
The upper portion of the outer chamber is formed by a cylinder or chimney of glass
or other suitable transparent material surrounding the burner. This transparent
cylinder is supported by a circular ledge projecting from the dome. Said ledge is
perforated with small apertures for the passage of air in order to keep the lower
end of the chimney cool. At the upper end of the heating-cylinder are located air
conduits that establish communication between the interior of said cylinder and
the lower central portion of the annular chamber.
Inserted within said heating cylinder is an inverted sheet iron funnel open at
the top and bottom, its lower vertical sides impinging against the inside of the
heating cylinder so as to form a practically air-tight joint. This funnel is sup-
ported by radial arms attached thereto, and at whose junction is formed a nut
working upon a screw that extends upward from the connecting piece of the gas
pipes whereby said funnel may be adjusted vertically to any desired height, by
rotating the same so as to bring it more or less close to the under side of the closed
end of the heating cylinder whereby the quantity of air allowed to pass into the
annular chamber by way of the air.conduits may be regulated at pleasure. It is
obvious that other means for adjusting the funnel may be employed.
The operation is as follows, that is to say. Gas passes into the gas chamber
between the frusta and thence through the tubes to the burner.
A horizontally arranged annulus may be located within the gas chamber to cause
an even distribution of gas to the burner tubes.
The gas being lighted a current of air is caused to flow over the top of the
refractory cylinder down into the annular chamber. Fresh air also flows through
the funnel and air conduits into the outer chamber, then up to and around the
burner, thence over the refractory cylinder into the annular chamber, thence to the
exit flues, and thence by way of a common connecting flue to the open air, and so
on continuously. The air entering the funnel comes into contact with the top of
the heating cylinder which being made intensely hot by descending products of
combustion raises the temperature of the inflowing fresh air, so that the latter is
finally directed in a heated condition up to the burner through the outer chamber
àpace. If the supply of air be disproportionate to the capacity of the burner or
quality of the gas it may be increased or diminished as required by suitably
adjusting the height of the funnel.
Dated thin 10th of Januam TOOK

page_text: Improvements in Gas Burners or Lamps.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performned, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to that class of gas burners or lamps in which the air for
supporting combustion is highly heated on its way to the flame by the products of
combustion escaping into the open air.
The invention consists mainly in the combination with the usual gas conveying
pipes surrounding a burner ring and flues for carrying off the products of com-
bustion, of a central conduit, through which the air supply is drawn (and at the
same time highly heated) contained in a chamber within the burner ring together
with an external casing for directing the heated air to the flame; the said air
supply conduit being connected by means of pipes or tubes with the annular space
contained within said casing.
The said invention also partly consists in an auxiliary adjustable tube or funnel,
whereby the incoming fresh air which supports the gaseous combustion is directed
toward the middle portion of the upper end of the air-heating cylinder, located in
the chamber into and through which the products of combustion descend, and
whereby the quantity of air. allowed to pass against the end of said cylinder and to
the flame proper may be regulated.
The invention further partly consists in some details of construction and
arrangement as hereinafter described.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 is an elevation of a lamp or burner constructed according to my
invention.
Figure 2 is a vertical section of the main portion of the same.
Figure 3 is a section on the line a, b Figure 2.
Figures 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 are views of details hereinafter described.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several Figures.
A is a continuous annular chamber formed by the walls of a cylinder B of
refractory material a cylinder C flaring outwardly at the top, upon which the
cylinder Brests, a hollow frustum D flaring outwardly below and having an upper
flange d¹ upon which the cylinder Crests, and a lower flange d' through which
pass the gas supply pipes P, and a hollow cylinder E with which are connected
the exit flues F through which the products of combustion escape to the open air.
The upper end of the cylinder E has an offset e which registers with an offset e
in a hollow inwardly curving frustum G similar to and enclosing the frustum D.
His a hollow cylinder which I term the heating cylinder cast within that part
of the chamber A formed by the wall of the cylinder E the diameter of the former
being preferably about one third less than that of the latter.
It will be seen that there is continuous communication between 'the upper end
of the chamber A and the flues F, so that a current passing down can escape only
through the said flues F which connect with a common connecting escape flue.

page_text: P¹ is the main gas pipe having in the present instance four branches P, which
pass through the lower part of the chainber A, between the outer wall of the
.cylinder H and the inner wall of the cylinder E, and are screwed into the flange d
of the inner frustum D, delivering into the chamber I between the walls of said
frusta. Nuts n upon the threaded ends of the pipes P, serve to hold the frustum D
and its adjuncts, and the adjacent parts E, F, H, rigidly together.
The upper part of chamber I communicates directly with the system of burner
tubes of the burner ring J arranged around the cylinder C.
The parts herein before described are surrounded by an external continuous
space or chamber O formed by a series of castings K, L, M, the lower of which K
is preferably formed of sheet iron and is in close contact at its lower edge with the
edge of a flange ea on the cylinder E, and whose upper edge is secured to a hollow
dome L surrounding the frusta, D and G. Said dome is supported by means of
inwardly projecting lugs e¹ that rest upon the off set e at the lower end of the
frustum G. The upper portion of the chamber is formed by a cylinder or
chimney M of glass or other suitable transparent material surrounding the burner
ring J. This transparent cylinder is supported by a circular ledge projecting
from the dome L. Said ledge is perforated with small apertures for the passage of
air, in order to keep the lower end of the chimney cool. At the upper end of the
heating cylinder H are located conduits Q that establish communication between
the interior of said cylinder and the lower central portion of chamber Ọ.
Inserted within the said cylinder H, is an inverted sheet iron funnel R, open at
the top and bottom its lower sides impinging against the inside of the cylinder H
so as to form a practically air-tight joint. This funnel is supported by radial
arms S attached thereto, and at whose junction is formed a nut s working upon a
screw that extends upward from the connecting pieco X of the gas pipes p².
The said funnel may thus be adjusted vertically to any desired height, by rotating
the same so as to bring it more or less close to the under side of the closed end hi
of the cylinder H, whereby the quantity of air allowed to pass into the chamber A
by way of the air conduits Q may be regulated at pleasure. It is obvious that other
means for adjusting the funnel may be employed.
The operation is as follows:-Gas from the supply pipe P¹ passes into the space I
between the frusta G D by way of the pipes P, and thence through the tubes j to
the burner ring J.
A horizontal annulus V may be located within the chamber I to cause an even
distribution of gas to the tubes j.
The gas being lighted a current of air is caused to flow over the top of the
cylinder B down into the annular chamber A; Fresh air also flows through the
funnel R and conduits Q into the chamber O adjacent to the casing K, then up to
and around the burner ring, thence over the refractory cylinder B into the
chamber A, thence to the flues F, and thence by way of a common connecting flue
to the open air, and so on continuously.
The air entering the funnel R comes into contact with the top ¹ of the cylinder H
which being made intensely hot .by the descending products of combustion raises
the temperature of the inflowing fresh air, so that the latter is finally directed in a
heated condition up to the flame through the chamber O. If the supply of air be
disproportionate to the size of the flame or quality of the gas it may be increased
or diminished as required, by suitably adjusting the height of the funnel R.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me by my foreign Correspondent I declare that what I claim is :-
First. In a gas burner or lamp in which the air and gas are heated on their
passage to the time, the combination with a burner ring, of a chamber within the
saine, open above and closed below, said chamber being surmounted by a cylinder
of refractory material; one or more draught-flues communicating therewith; a
hollow central air conduit contained within said chamber, having its lower end

page_text: open and its upper end closed; a casing surrounding the upper end of the burner
ring; and pipes communicating between the latter and said central air-conduit,
said parts being constructed, combined and arranged substantially in the manner,.
and for the purpose, set forth.
Second. The combination, in a gas-burner or lamp of the class mentioned, of the
burner ring with gas-supply pipes leading thereto; the continuous central chamber A ;
the flues F cominunicating therewith; a cylinder, such as H, contained within
said chamber, and having its upper end closed; an external enclosed space com-
municating with the said burner ring and with the interior of said cylinder;
together with an inverted adjustable funnel, as R, for directing the air against and
toward the middle portion of the end of said cylinder; substantially as, and for
the purpose, set forth.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.