Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Mar., 1892-Accepted, 7th May, 1892
and State of Rhode Island, United States of America, Machinist, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
This invention relates to that class of machines used to reduce and shape articles
of metal to any desired size or form, by compression, or swaging by rapid, repeated
action of dies on the surface of the metal, and is especially adapted to producing
forms having a circular cross-section, though other forms may be produced by it,
if desired.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 is a front elevation of the machine.
Figure 2 is a vertical section of the machine, taken through the linear,
Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a separate view of one of the rolls.
Figure 4 is a front elevation showing the application of a device. for adjusting the
rolls for wear.
Figure 5 shows one of the adjusting devices separate.
Figure 6 is a perspective view of the dies and die blocks, separate from the
machine.
Figures 7, 8, 9, show the front plates.
Figure 10 is a front view of one of the plates with springs.
This machine consists of a stand case A, on the top of which, a bearing D, is
secured, having a circular head B, attached to the end of it, preferably by being
cast in one piece with the bearing. This bearing D, bored through to receive an
arbor C, and the head B, is turned or bored on its inside true concentrically with
the bore of the bearing D, nearly through, leaving a flange at its junction with the
bearing D. The arbor C, is fitted to revolve in the bearing D and has its front
end extended out nearly flush with the face of the head B, and its back end made
long enough to receive the driving pulley J, which is made heavy, to serve also as
a fly-wheel for the mechanism. A. steel ring S, is fitted tightly into the head B,
having its inner surface turned concentric with the arbor C, and bore of bearing D.
A series of rolls a a, consisting of an even number of plain, solid steel cylinders,
without journals of any kind (see Figure 3) shorter in length than the depth of the
chamber in the head B, and of a proper size to form a circle in the ring S, the rolls
just touching one another, and the inner surface of the ring, when in position, as
seen in Figure 1. An annular plater (see Figure 7) is attached to the ring S by
means of screws to keep the rolls in the ring, the opening in the centre of the plate
being about the size of the end of the arbor C. The rolls a a, being of equal
diameter, and of an even number, adjust themselves to bring one roll exactly
opposite to another on the other side of the circle, and cannot close in and touch the
surface of the arbor C, but will leave a small space between the inner surface of the
rolls and the arbor.
The rolls a a, and also the steel ring S, should be hardened and tempered to the
degree usual with the rolls employed by jewellers for rolling metal stock. A recess
or slot is made radially through the centre of that part of the arbor C, that is in
the head B, to receive a pair of dies bb, and blocks f₁ f' (see Figure 6) and an
annular plate of the same diameter as the arbor is fastened on the end of the
arbor with screws, to prevent the action of the dies and die-blocks from spreading
27

page_text: the sides of the slot, and to hold the blocks f¹ fin place. Pins or screws cc are
put in the plate f, entering loosely into recesses in the front ends of the block, to
keep them from getting out of place when the dies are taken out to be changed,
and from opening too wide between the rolls a, a. The central opening in the plate f
is made about the same diameter as the width of the two dies bb to admit of their
being removed through the plate to insert others, without disturbing the other
parts. This opening in the plate, is closed with a plate s, made with a screw-
thread on its periphery fitting into a thread in that opening. A small hole t, (see
Figure 9) flaring on the outer side, is made in the centre of the plate s, agreeing
with the centre of the dies, through which the article to be worked, is introduced
and pushed in between the dies.
The dies bb, perform the direct compressing or swaging of the article operated
upon, and have their meeting faces at the centre of the arbor so shaped as to
produce the form desired. They are preferably made square in cross-section
that their different faces may have different forms, and by turning them over a
quarter or a half turn in the slot, the same pair of dies may serve for the
production of several different shapes of work. The dies are made rectangular
in every way, and depend entirely upon their radial movement, caused by the
pressing outward of the work in the centre and the centrifugal force, solely for
opening in operation. The die-blocks are made similar in shape to the dies,
excepting that their outer sides are made convex to receive the impact of the
rolls a a as they pass them. The operation is as follows:
A rotary motion is given to the arbor C by means of a belt on the pulley J,
and the dies b, and blocks f¹ will be carried around inside the rolls a a, which
as above stated, do not touch the arbor, but do come in contact with the convex
sides of the die blocks f', which project out beyond the periphery of the arbor,
and push them in crowding the dies forcibly towards the centre and compressing
whatever is placed between them. The rod or article to be reduced is entered
through the opening in the centre of the plate 8, and pressed between the dies,
which open sufficiently when the die-blocks are between two contiguous rolls a
to allow the rod to enter a little way, and when the die-blocks come between
two opposite rolls a, the dies will be forced in and compress the rod between
them. This opening of the dies and advancing of the rod, and closing of the
dies and compression of the rod, takes place between, and at each pair of rolls,
rapidly reducing the rod in size. The rolls a, a, move in the circle only when
the contact of the die-block turns them a little, and they roll a short distance
in the inside of the ring S. It will be readily seen that the friction between
the die block, rolls and ring S, when exerting the greatest pressure on the dies,
is a rolling friction, and not a rubbing action consequently will not absorb much
power, or be likely to wear the parts, which makes the machine durable_and
easy to operate. In reducing an article round in cross-section, like a rod, it
is held fast in the hands; but for other forms of work, the article is allowed to
turn with the arbor, so as to maintain the same position with regard to the dies,
at all points of their revolution.
In Figures 4 and 5, are shown devices for adjusting the rolls a, a, in case
they wear in use &c. It consists of a split block g' having a taper screw h,
placed between its two parts fitting in a part of a screw-thread cut in each side,
so that the two divisions of the block are forced apart when the taper screw h
is screwed inwardly. Two of these split blocks, take the place of a pair of
opposite rolls, as seen in Figure 4, the sides of the block being made concave,
for contact with the rolls in each side. There may be two or more of these
devices placed in the circle of rolls, as may be deemed best. The screwing in
of the screw h, spreads the two parts, and presses the rolls a on each side, close
together, so as to bear against the inside of the ring S. An annular plate j is
placed between the plate r, and the ends of the rolls a, and has springs n placed
between it and the plater to press the plate j, against the rolls, and keep them
in place,

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. In a machine for reducing or swaging metal, an arbor revolvably supported
and having at its end a transverse recess containing dies and a series of plain rolls
without journals, arranged around said arbor, and a fixed head, having a recess
containing said rolls, the rolls being held in a circular position by contact with each
other, and an outside support encircling said rolls with said outside support, sub-
stantially as set forth.
Second. In a machine for reducing or swaging metal, the combination of the
bearing D, having a head B, a recess therein, a ring S in said recess, arbor C,
journaled in said bearing, having a transverse recess and dies, located therein,
rolls a, a, arranged around said arbor and within said ring S, substantially as
described.
Third. In a machine for reducing or swaging metal, the adjusting block g, com-
posed of two parts, and having a taper screw, fitted to turn between those parts,
as described, in combination with a bearing D, having a head B, a recess therein, a
ring S in said recess, arbor C, journalled in said bearing, having a transverse recess
and dies located therein, rolls a a, arranged around said arbor, and within said
ring S, substantially as specified.
Fourth. The combination of the bearing D, having a head B, a recess therein, a
ring S in said recess, arbor C journalled in said bearing, having a transverse recess
and dies 6 located therein, rolls a, a arranged around said arbor and within said
ring S, die block plates and s, constructed and operating substantially as set
forth.
Fifth. The combination of the head B, ring S, with rolls a arbor C, having a
transverse recess for holding dies, dies b, die block plater, having an annular
recess to receive plate ; and springs n, with plates fs and j, and springs n, sub-
stantially as specified.
Da s ist day or ОТТСЦ 1004.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.