matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MAGIC LANTERN SLIDES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Place at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents on the 21st December 1876.
JOHN PLACE, of 13, Bull Street, Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Optical Instrument Maker. "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MAGIC LANTERN SLIDES."
This Invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of rack, lover, and
other rings and mechanical work for magic lantern slides, as I make them in oue
piece by the process of stamping, or by spinning, or by the combination of both
from sheet brass or other suitable metals. Thereby I get extreme lightness and
greater strength than can be got by the usual mode of making them from castings.
or drawn metals.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert McLaren Young at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th March 1876.
ROBERT MCLAREN YOUNG, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SEWING MACHINES."
This Invention consists in improvements on my former Patent, dated 21st August,
1875, No. 2944, and consists, 1st, in substituting for the picking arm a pair of
conical rollers having a screw thread, preferably of a rounded V shape, running
their whole length. Their inner sides are parallel with each other, and with the
line of stitches sewn. These rollers have slightly truncated small ends, with small
flanges to keep the thread from falling off them. These small ends come over the
top of the needle, so that the thread on one side the rollers falls upon them while
the other forms the stitch. The speed of the rollers is regulated by the throw of
the hooker and stroke of needle. The rollers catch the loose end of the thread
cach time, and revolving wind it up their grooves, they being screwed so as to
carry the slack thread equal to the pitch of stitch. The rollers can be driven by
spur gearing or any other convenient manner from the main shaft.
I make the hooker with a cover or plate (to keep the thread in its place) kept
down by a spiral spring. The said cover is kept open at the right times to receive
and give up the thread by a plate or frame on the machine instead of giving the
needle the work to perform, as in my former Invention. The thread is carried on
a bobbin, and a knife on the frame of the machine, which can be set at any
convenient place, cuts the thread when sufficient has been wound round the rollers
to sew the bag required. The motion of the sacking or feed is given by rack and
pinions instead of friction wheels. A hooked thrust plate outside the bag forming
the greater part of a circle round the needle prevents the latter from pressing
the sacking out while being sewn
PROVED APPARATUS FOR PREPARING STENCILS FOR AUTOGRAPHIC PRINTING
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Wilson Swan at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th September 1876.
JOSEPH WILSON SWAN, of Gateshead, in the County of Durham, Chemist.
PROVED APPARATUS FOR PREPARING STENCILS FOR AUTOGRAPHIC PRINTING."
"f
IM-
This Invention relates to improvements on the apparatus described in the
Specification of a Patent granted to Mr. Thomas Alva Edison, for improvements in
autographic printing, dated October 29th 1875, No. 3762, the object being to
simplify the construction and to increase the efficiency of the writing instrument.
The original Invention is based on the use of a perforating needle, which is
fitted in a pointed tube having the dimensions of a pencil, and receives from
apparatus carried by the tube a rapid reciprocating motion sufficient to cause it to
form lines of dots on a sheet of thin paper as the pointed tube is being moved over
it like a pencil in the hands of a writer. A stencil sheet is thus produced suitable
for transmitting through its perforations printing ink on to a sheet below, and by
this means autographic printing is produced.
Now the object of my improvements is first to provide for the reciprocating
needle a motive power that will interfere as little as possible with the freedom of
the writer, and to this end instead of the electro-magnetic apparatus or other
contrivances suggested in the Specification above referred to, I mount on the cam
shaft a fan wheel fitted with cups or blades to receive a propelling action from a
jet of air discharged thereon, from a tuyere or jet pipe carried by the frame in
which the cam shaft is mounted, and so situate as to direct the jet in succession
on to the several blades or cups of the fan which is thus caused to rotate
rapidly.
The rod which carries the piercing needle is cranked at its upper end to present
a face for the cam to act upon for depressing the needle, and the rise of the needle
I prefer to effect by the upward pressure of a spring contained in the tube which
surrounds the reciprocating needle rod.
To the tuyere I attach a flexible pipe which may be fitted with a mouth-piece
for receiving air for propelling the fan from the mouth of the writer, or the air may
be supplied at any desired pressure to the flexible pipe from a bellows from
a chamber charged with compressed air by any well known and approved means.
A NEW (OR IMPROVED) COMBINED APPARATUS TO BE USED BY CHEMISTS, Druggists, AND OTHERS FOR DISPENSING PURPOSES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Cockshott at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 31st January 1876.
JOSEPH COCKSHOTT, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Pharmaceutical Chemist. "A NEW (OR IMPROVED) COMBINED APPARATUS TO BE
USED BY CHEMISTS, Druggists, AND OTHERS FOR DISPENSING PURPOSES."
This Invention consists in combining or joining by means of casting, screwing, or
bolting together a number of articles used by chemists and druggists, surgeous,
apothecaries, and others, the articles being a cork press, label damper, gum cistern
and brush holder, ink bottle holder, scaling wax holder, penholder, and an
apparatus for marking or indenting according to their length paper containing
powders or other substances.
This Invention will be readily understood by referring to the figures and letters
on the accompanying Sheet of outline Drawings, in which Fig. I is a side elevation,
and Fig. 2 a plan of the combined dispensing furniture, and Fig. 3 a front view of
the paper marker detached.
In Figs. 1 and 2 a represents a label damper; b, the cork presser; c, the ink
bottle holder; d, the penholder; e, the sealing wax holder; f, the gum cistern and
brush holder; and g, the marker or indenter for the powder papers, which is
fastened to the end of the label damper by screws or in any other convenient
manner, and has its top part moveable so as to be adjusted for the different lengths
of papers required for powders; the moveable slide being held firm in its required
position by a thumb nut or screw, as shewn at h, Figs. 2 and 3; and this article or
apparatus can be used not only in combination, as in Figs. 1 and 2, but separately
as shewn in Fig. 3.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES."
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Townsend at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 7th February 1876.
JOHN TOWNSEND, of Bradford, in the County of York, Worsted Manager. IM-
PROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES."
My improvements consist in connecting the upper and lower water spaces of
steam boilers by means of a pipe coiled so as to form an oblong fire-box or grate,
and I place this coiled pipe in such manner that about two-thirds shall project
outside the boiler flue, and the remaining third shall be placed within the flue.
Fuel is supplied by a hopper or other means to the outer portion of the grate,
which being exposed to the atmosphere on all sides receives a plentiful supply of
oxygen, by which the carbon is consumed and the heat generated as soon as the
resultant hot gases enter the flue, and having to travel the whole length thereof
before escapeing a greater portion of the heat is extracted and utilized.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FOLDING PERAMBULATORS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Astrop at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 10th May 1876.
WILLIAM ASTROP, Chemist, of No. 27, Oriel Road, Homerton, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FOLDING PERAMBULATORS."
My Invention is designed for a more cheap and effective method of folding
perambulators, by which means they are rendered portable for export, transit
by rail or other conveyance, and also for the convenience of taking up less room
when not in use.
The improvements consist of building the body in two nearly equal parts, and
then secured together by means of hinges or rivit joints, or other suitable means,
to allow the parts to work freely. The body is divided at a suitable line near the
seat and foot board, which is to be made so curved as will bring the whole foot
board up with the front wheel over to near the back part of the seat when
folded.
I then (when desirable) fold the handle over the front wheel. This I effect by
knuckle joints on the bandle fixed just above the back of the seat, when the whole
may be secured in that position by fastening the ordinary strap around the foot
board, which is now used for keeping the children from falling out.
When the perambulator is opened for use I use a button or catch to prevent it
from folding until required to do so.
PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WASHING MACHINES, AND IN GEAR FOR ACTUATING SUCH MACHINES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Martin Knight at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st April 1876.
**IM-
EDWARD MARTIN KNIGHT, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster.
PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WASHING MACHINES, AND IN GEAR FOR
ACTUATING SUCH MACHINES."
My Invention relates, firstly, to constructing washing machines so that the dolly
has a reciprocating rotary action. The dolly is removeable, and the tub is also
removeable from the framework. Secondly, to a novel arrangement of gear
for imparting the reciprocrating rotary action to the dolly of washing machines.
A washing machine constructed according to my Invention consists of a horizontal
tub, the bottom of which is semicircular. The tub is horizontally set between two
suitable frames, on one of which frames the gear for driving the machine is
attached. The dolly consists of a horizontal bar or shaft, on which are mounted
suitable dolly pegs. One end of the dolly shaft is made round to ship into a
suitable bearing at the end of the tub, and the other end is inade square to ship
into the end of the driving shaft, the end of the tub being provided with a suitable
bearing to receive it. The tub is made to lift in and out of the framework, the
framework being provided with suitable guides to receive it.
The driving gear is fitted on to the framework, and consists of a fly wheel being
the driving wheel, to which is attached a toothed wheel which gears into a second
toothed wheel. From this second wheel there is carried a link, or connecting rod,
which takes on to a third toothed wheel, or toothed quadrant, which gears into a
pinion which gives motion to the shaft which carries the dolly.
The action is rotary, motion being imparted to the fly wheel, being the driving
wheel, toothed wheel Number One imparts rotary motion to toothed wheel Number
Two, which by means of its connecting rod or link imparts reciprocating notion to
toothed wheel or quadrant Number Three, which in its turn imparts reciprocating
rotary motion to the pinion which drives the dolly.
IMPROVED ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES FOR LIGHTING GAS IN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE BUILDINGS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Faulkner at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd May 1876.
JOHN FAULKNER, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Telegraph Engineer. "IMPROVED ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES FOR LIGHTING GAS IN
PUBLIC AND PRIVATE BUILDINGS."
This Invention relates, first, to the lighting of gas in large buildings where the
gas lights are at a considerable distance from the ground and cannot be con-
veniently got at by hand, and, secondly, in a modification of the same for hand use.
The principle of the Invention consists in carrying a constant electric spark
from burner to burner, instead of a lighted taper or torch, as at present, thereby
preventing accidents from fire. To take a row of lights in a straight line, for
example, I place at the back of the burners, or in any convenient place, as the
necessity of the case may require, a guide rail or support to carry a travelling
lighter. To the traveller is connected an arm, which comes nearly in contact with
the gas burners. Along this arm is placed a wire to admit the electric spark, which
wire is connected or is part of a longer one reaching to the ground or to the place
most convenient to the operator. When the gas is required to be lit the attendant
connects the wire to a battery coil and condenser when a spark is immediately
given out by the wire over the gas burner and the gas lit. The traveller with its
arm and wire is then caused to travel on the guide by means of a wire cord or
chain, and passing in front of or over each burner ignites the gas by means of the
constant spark issuing from the wire.
In some cases to ensure ignition I place a cup or spoon on the end of the armı
to collect the gas as it passes, such cup or spoon being made of any desired size,
either to cover one or more burners.
When circles or archways have to be lit the same plan is adopted, the shape of
the carrier only being altered to suit the requirements.
In some cases seperate wires are attached to the burners, which are caused to
emit a spark over or under and ignite the gas on coming in contact with the
traveller as it passes on its way, and this plan is especially applicable where the
arm of the carrier cannot be conveniently brought into close proximity to the
burners, as, for instance, where globes or shades are used; or instead of connecting
[Price 2d.1

page_text: the wire to the battery coil and condenser I may place the coil and condenser on
the traveller and send the electricity from the battery to actuate the coil.
For band lamps the same principle is adopted for carrying a constant or inter-
mittent spark from a battery coil or condenser, which is made as portable as
possible, the spark being applied to ench burner as in the ordinary way of hand
lighting by the present dangerous method of carrying naked lights.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN TESTING PETROLEUM AND OTHER LIQUIDS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Porter Wilson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th January 1876.
ROBERT PORTER WILSON, of Cumberland Terrace, Regent's Park, in the County
of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN
TESTING PETROLEUM AND OTHER LIQUIDS."
For this purpose I employ any suitable form of apparatus for holding and
heating the liquid to be tested, but instead of employing an ordinary non-regulating
spirit lamp I employ any description of lamp, the flame of which is capable of
being regulated, and instead of employing an ordinary thermometer having its
bulb immersed in the liquid to be tested, and a separate time piece to indicate the.
length of time occupied in raising the temperature of the liquid any given number
of degrees, I combine with the thermometer at the upper end thereof a watch
movement or any other time keeping apparatus having a hand pointing to certain
divisions indicating any desired period of time betweem them, and I arrange the
thermometer so that the tube thereof shall lie in close proximity to the path of the
hand or pointer.
In making a test by the aid of my improvements I regulate the size of the flame
until the mercury or other fluid in the thermometer shall rise at a rate coincident
with the rate of travel of the hand or pointer, by which means I am enabled to
obtain uniform results, and thereby prevent the errors or differences which have
heretofore arisen when a number of tests have been taken by various individuals,
or even by the same when using apparatus arranged in the manner heretofore in
use.
- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF DISINFECTANTS AND IN THE TREATMENT OF FIBROUS MATERIALS TO PREVENT CONTAGION AND DECAY OR DESTRUCTION BY INSECTS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Oliver at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 13th April 1876. A communication from
abroad by Philip Knee, of Buenos Ayres, Argentinė Republic, South America.
EDWIN OLIVER, of 41, Threadneedle Street, in the City of London. "IMPROVE -
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF DISINFECTANTS AND IN THE TREATMENT OF FIBROUS
MATERIALS TO PREVENT CONTAGION AND DECAY OR DESTRUCTION BY INSECTS."
My Invention consists, firstly, in the preparation of disinfectants by impregnating
clay, lime, chalk, and other suitable substances when heated with carbolic acid gas
or vapour generated or given off from coal tar oil under a pressure of one to five
pounds more or less per square inch, by which means the said substances are more
economically and efficiently converted into disinfectants than when the carbolic acid
is used in the liquid state. After sufficient treatment as above described the said
substances are reduced to powder when required in that form.
My Invention consists, secondly, in impregnating fibrous materials in the manner
above described to prevent contagion and decay or destruction by insects.
The apparatus used for this Invention is of ordinary known construction, and
consists of two vessels, one a boiler for the coal tar oil, from which the carbolic
acid gas or vapour is given off at from 369° to 450°, and the other a retort or
chamber for the materials to be treated. Both vessels are fitted with furnaces or
heating flues, also with safety valves & pressure gauges when necessary and with
man or hand holes for charging and discharging their contents. The two vessels
are connected together by a pipe, and the first named is fitted with a separate
discharge pipe for getting rid of the remaining contents after the carbolic acid has
been separated.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF 'STEEL' DIRECT FROM THE ORE, PIG, OR CAST IRON
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Peter Cherry and Charles
Edwin Cherry at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th May
1870.
WALTER PETER CHERRY and CHARLES EDWIN CHERRY, of Porter Street, Hull, in
the County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF 'STEEL' DIRECT
FROM THE ORE, PIG, OR CAST IRON."
This Invention relates to the manufacture of steel by melting the ore, pig, or cast
iron, in an ordinary furnace and then cooling the metal with water or other liquid,
steam, or fluid, the same process is repeated until it becomes steel, and then it may
be formed into ingots or bars or other shape by simply remelting it down in a
crucible shaped vessel in a furnace such as are in ordinary use, and if the steel before
remelting contains a small quantity of carbon or phosphorous it may be improved
by adding a small quantity of spiegel eisen or ferro-manganese or other similar alloy,
it is then ready for manufacturing into different articles same as the present manner
of steel.
A NEW OR IMPROVED ELASTIC SKATING RINK FLOOR
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Asbury at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd January 1876.
CHARLES ASBURY, of Balsall Heath, near Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Mechanical Engineer. A NEW OR IMPROVED ELASTIC SKATING RINK FLOOR."
[
My Invention consists in constructing skating rink floors of thin tempered steel
plates, or sheets of large size by preference, the said thin steel plates or sheets
boing united together by rivetting, flanging, or hard soldering or brazing, so as to
forin a continuous elastic sheet of the shape and size of the floor to be covered.
prefer to unite the thin steel plates or sheets of which the rink floor is composed by
bending the edges to be united at right angles to the other parts, so as to produce
flanges and securing the abutting flanges together either by clamps and wedges or
by rivetting or hard soldering or brazing. Or the edges of the plates or sheets to
be united may be engaged and fixed in a slot in a bar or rib extending under the
line of junction. A very close and firm junction and even surface is thus formed,
and when the abutting flanges are secured together by clamps and wedges the
separation of the plates or sheets for repair or otherwise and their replacement may
be readily effected.
The continuous steel clastic floor made as described is fixed at or near its
edges to a foundation or framing prepared for it, the said elastic floor being maintained
in a state of tension by screw bolts or other analogous fastenings.
In order to increase the yielding capacity of the floor it may be supported by
means of coiled or other springs interposed between the under side of the steel floor
and the boarded or levelled surface beneath it. Or the continuous elastic floor may
be supported upon a bed or foundation of cork shavings, straw, esparto grass, cocoa-
nut fibro, or other analogous material in place of or in addition to the coiled or
other springs described. By this means the noise produced by the skater in passing
over the metallic surface or floor will be deadened or considerably reduced. The
under surface of the elastic floor may be protected by coating it with a solution of
india-rubber or other protecting solution.
By constructing skating rink floors according to my Invention they possess the
elastic or yielding property common to sheets of ice, and the violent shaking to

page_text: which the skater is subjected from a fall on the ordinary or unyielding asphalt floor
is by the use of my Invention prevented or much diminished.
Although I prefer to use steel plates or sheets in the construction of the rink
floor yet plates or sheets of iron or brass or other élastic metal or alloy may be used
in place of steel plates or sheets...
IMPROVEMENTS AND ADDITIONS TO A MACHINE USUALLY DESCRIBED AS A COMBINED CIRCULAR BAND SAWING AND BORING MACHINE TO BE WORKED BY HAND OR STEAM POWER
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Powis at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 4th December 1876.
CHARLES POWIS, of 60, Gracechurch Street, in the City of London, & of Millwall,
Poplar, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS AND
ADDITIONS TO A MACHINE USUALLY DESCRIBED AS A COMBINED CIRCULAR BAND
SAWING AND BORING MACHINE TO BE WORKED BY HAND OR STEAM POWER."
To this machine I have now added a fret cutting apparatus in addition to the
other parts. This consists of a strong cast-iron bracket bolted to the top of the saw
bench table; to this bracket I suspend two vibrating arms or compound levers,
which work upon studs bolted to the bracket. To give motion to the arms or levers
I attach a crank to the end of saw spindle; a connecting rod from this crank gives
motion to the top arm or lever, and the bottom lever has motion communicated to
it by a tension rod jointed to the top and bottom levers. The opposite end of the
levers are of the form of a segment of a circle of such a radius as to cause the saw
to work in a true vertical line when working. A table is supported on a swivel
bracket to enable work to be cut to any angle required, and a guard immediately
behind the saw to keep the work from rising is fitted to the principal bracket in
such a way as not to hinder the work being performed.
The fret cutting apparatus above described is an addition to a combined circular
& band sawing & boring machine.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF MILK FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MILK POWDER FOR USE AS FOOD
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Morgan at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 8th June 1876.
EDWIN MORGAN, of Southwark, in the County of Surrey, Hop Merchant.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF MILK FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MILK
POWDER FOR USE AS FOOD."
This Invention relates to improvements in the treatment of milk for the pro-
duction of milk powder for use as food.
According to my Invention the milk to be treated has first mixed with it about
thirty per cent. of refined sugar, and about twenty per cent. of Porsa extract, after
which it is put into a boiler and subjected to about 150 or 160 degrees of heat
It is then pumped up
(Fah.) until reduced to the consistence of thick cream.
through pipes, each of which is provided at its extremity with a rose perforated
with small holes. The milk is thus divided into thin streams or threads, in which
form it is returned to the boiler, having in its course parted with a large proportion
of its moisture by evaporation. The drying process is then completed by subjecting
the milk to a gentle heat in enamelled pans, and when this has been thoroughly
effected the crystalline mass produced may be ground or pounded into a fine powder
ready for immediate use as an article of food, either by itself or mixed with fari-
naceous or other substances.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF EASELS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Ettlinger at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 16th December 1876.
JOSEPH ETTLINGER, of Lawrence Lane, in the City of London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF EASELS."
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of easels
which are intended to support pictures, prints, photographs, or drawings, to be
viewed through a magnifying glass or glasses.
The main body or frame of the easel is constructed in the ordinary manner, that
is to say, with upright side bars and the requisite transverse bars, a leg or support
being attached to the back part of the easel for the purpose of supporting the same
at any desired angle of inclination. To the external face of the lower portion of
cach of the upright side bars, and at right angles thereto, is attached a series of
tubes capable of sliding within each other telescopically, and of being elongated or
compressed, as may be desired. The terminal tubes which are attached to the side
bars serve as supports for a moveable tray or board which is placed transversely
thercon for the support of the pictures, prints, or drawings to be viewed, or of the
portfolio, or book, or album in which the same may be contained.
The frame or frames containing the magnifying glass or glasses is or are affixed
by any suitable means to the external terminal tubes so that the same shall be in a
plane coinciding with that of the face of the easel, and of the pictures, prints, or
drawings, or portfolio, or book, or album, containing the same. By enlongating or
compressing the telescopic tubes the magnifying glass or glasses is or are adjusted to
any requisite or desired focal distance with great facility.
Instead of two series of tubes only being employed, additional series of tubes
may be attached to any desired parts of the frame of the easel.
Instead of the glass or glasses being mounted or fixed in a separate frame or
frames, the same may be mounted or fixed in one of the sides of the portfolio,
or book, or album, in which the pictures, prints, photographs, or drawings are
held.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN PUMPS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Fitzmaurice at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 6th September 1876.
ARTHUR FITZMAURICE, of Carlow, in the County of Carlow, Ireland. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PUMPS."
This Invention consists in an improved arrangement of double-action lever force
pump, and method of working the same by the weight of a man or other person
sitting on one end of a weighted rocking lever
In carrying out my Invention I employ a suitable pillar or upright, the top of
which forms a fulcrum and receives a rocking lever or beam, one end of which is
counterweighted, and the other end of which is provided with a seat for the person
whose weight is to operate the pump.
The under side of the rocking lever is connected by means of suitable connecting
rods with the piston rods of a pair of single action lift and force pumps, having
proper air vessels and rising main pipes for delivering the water in the required
direction. The suction pipes from the pumps are connected together into the
single suction pipe, which passes into the well or tank from which the water is to
be raised.
•
A spiral or other suitable spring may if required be placed under the end of the
rocking lever on which the person sits to assist the action. By this arrangement it
will be understood that any person seated on the end of the said rocking lever may
easily set it in motion, so as to alternately work the said pumps, and cause them
together to form a double-acting lever force pump.
I would remark that the supporting pillar and pumps are sunk in the ground so
that the rocking lever shall be only at a suitable height above the ground level.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLE SPINDLES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Thomas Hughes at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd February 1876. A communication
from abroad by Friedrich Erdmann, of Gera.
EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent Agents, 123,
Chancery Lane, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLE SPINDLES." A communi-
cation from abroad by Friedrich Erdmann, of Gera.
This relates to improvements in shuttle spindles, and has for object to readily
secure the pirn which is covered with thread on said spindle and prevent its
accidental detachment therefrom.
In the shuttle and pirn as now used there is applied a wooden or an iron feather
spindle, which disadvantageously affects the acting of the pirn and the process of
weaving.
The adjustment of the pirn upon the spindle and the removal of the winded off
pirn therefrom offers considerable inconvenience, as the pirn is either difficult to
draw upon the spindle, and the ranges of the thread will be disturbed thereby, or
the leaving or detaching of the pirn from the spindle requires too much time in the
operation; or from the rapid movement of the shuttle the pirn covered with the
thread will often leave the spindle and enter in the weaving, so that without
taking into consideration the loss of time the pirn or the spindle itself will
frequently be destroyed besides partially destroying the weaving.
According to this Invention the shuttle spindle is formed taper and with a left-
handed screw thereon, and a corresponding thread is formed in the pirn, whereby
the pirn easily "draughts up" upon the spindle and is readily detached from
it when desired, but without the liability of the pirn becoming detached
accidentally.
The conical screwed spindle readily enters the threaded pirn or turning it to the
left hand without damaging the ranges of the thread, and an accidental detachment
from the spindle is rendered impossible.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FOLDING FRAMES FOR TENTS AND SLEEPING BERTHIS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th May 1876. A communication from
abroad by Franklin A. Guthrie, of Addison, State of Ohio, United States of
America.
16
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Patent Agents,
of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS IN
FOLDING FRAMES FOR TENTS AND SLEEPING BERTHIS." A communication from
abroad by Franklin A. Guthrie, of Addison, State of Ohio, United States of
America.
My Invention has for its object to furnish an improved folding tent frame and
sleeping berth or berths, and consists in the construction of the tent frame of
various parts, which are connected by detachable rails, the rails being connected to
the frames by dovetailed slides or couplings, and arranging such frames and rails
either side by side or in sets one over the other that they shall form convenient
berths when opened out, or when folded may be fastened or turned up or detached
out of the way, and so make the space available as a tent. Also in arranging the
main pole, rafters, and partitions of the tent by means of hinges, that they may be
readily folded in two or more pieces and facilitate transport. The various parts
may be made of wood or metal, or both combined, with canvass or other suitable
material. It is intended to employ cleats on the posts or some of them as supports
to other parts, and to employ staples and hooks or other convenient fastenings for
securing the several parts together when in use.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WIRE NETTING AND IN THE MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED THEREIN.
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Smith at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 17th June 1876.
WILLIAM SMITH, of Carrington Street Bridge Works, Nottingham. ." IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WIRE NETTING AND IN THE MACHINERY TO BE
EMPLOYED THEREIN.' "
My Invention relates to certain improvements in the manufacture of wire netting,
and in the machinery to be employed therein, the object being to produce a stronger
netting than the present, which is liable to bulging and fracture by the action of
sheep and other animals.
The improvements consist in forming in the general work or process a series of
strengthening wires, either single wires, or compound, or cable wire, the same
passing alternately through the twists and moshes so as to prevent the netting from
stretching or breaking. These wires of course run parallel with the direction of
the work, and are secured by being surrounded and gripped by every twist of the
mesh. They may be applied through all the meshes or through alternate meshes,
or in sheep netting through as many series as required.
I apply to the lower part of the machine feeding bobbins, supplied with the
wires or cables, which pass up to the work in suitable guides, and I cut a space
out of the centre of one of the halves of the twisting wheels (which are always
made in two parts) so that my wires shall pass through; then when the divisions
of the wheels are carried apart by the ordinary sliding bars my wires are pushed by
guides out of the spaces in the wheels into slots in one of the sliding bars about
midway between the turning wheels and on the opposite side of its half wheel, so
that my wire may be held while the twist is made, and they are thus relieved
from the action of the twisting wires which form the mesh. Or I divide the
twisting wheels into three parts, my extra wire passing through the central division,
and the two side segments travel to and fro to form the twist, leaving the central
division in position with my supplementary wire therein maintained.
For cattle fences, which are required of great strength, this Invention will be of
especial application; and for garden and house fencing, where finer work is required,
the article will prove much stronger than the ordinary netting.
AN IMPROVED PHOTOGRAPH TINTING APPARATUS.
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Nesbitt at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th September 1876.
"6
GEORGE NESBITT, of Bournemouth, in the County of Hampshire, Photographer.
AN IMPROVED PHOTOGRAPH TINTING APPARATUS.
My Invention relates to an improved construction of apparatus for tinting
photographs whereby a single frame is adapted for tinting any size or shape of
picture instead of as hitherto a separate tinting apparatus being required for each
size or shape of picture.
I propose to make my improved apparatus for tinting or giving a border to a
photograph of a frame with a back of the exact size of photograph to be tinted,
this back being hinged on so as to open and shut to receive the picture, and when
it is in to shut and press down tightly on the tinting plate. It will also have a
rabbet to receive the tinting or name plate (whichever may be required), and a
groove in front of this for the introduction of a glass with any size or shape of
mask to cover the parts of portrait to be tinted. Thus in lieu of a separate frame
for each size or shape of picture it will only be necessary to have a separate glass
with different size or shape of mask.
I propose to make my improved tinting apparatus of wood, cardboard, or of any
other suitable material or combination of materials.
A NEW OR IMPROVED POCKET LANTERN
Year: 1876

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st December 1876.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, of the Firm of J. Brandt and G. W. v.
Nawrocki, of Berlin, in the German Empire, Patent Agents. A NEW OR IMPROVED
POCKET LANTERN." A communication from Gustav Goliasch (of Berlin aforesaid).
The object of this Invention is to construct a lantern of so small dimensions as to
be conveniently carried in the pocket, while at the same time giving a bright and
sufficiently large light which will last soine considerable time, without being exposed
to go out because of draught; the light rays to go forward only so as not to blind
the eyes of the user, and the lantern made to carry a suflicient supply of matches so
as to serve for match box when required.
The lantern consists of a hollow outer lower cylinder containing an inner bell-
shaped chamber, somewhat widened out at the bottom and soldered to the outer
cylinder. The burner tube is soldered into the bell-shaped chamber, and has at the
top a cap formed with bayonet joint. The burner tube contains a candle which is
kept up as it burns by means of a spiral spring below same. Between the outer
lower cylinder and the inner, bell-shaped chamber is made to slide a lantern casing
fitted with an inner glass cylinder showing through on one side only, and also with a
peg on one side to keep it from being drawn out entirely, this peg sliding in a slot in
the outer cylinder, the slot serving also for letting in air. The space between the
bell-shaped chamber and the burner tube serves as a reservoir for matches, and is
provided with a lid. To the lantern casing is chained a cap for closing the lantern
when it is closed up or pushed in.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING THE CYLIN- DERS OF MACHINES FOR CALENDERING, MANGLING, AND DRYING
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Howarth at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd May 1876.
JOSEPH HOWARTH, of Rochdale Road, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Plumber and Glazier. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING THE CYLIN-
DERS OF MACHINES FOR CALENDERING, MANGLING, AND DRYING."
The object of my Invention is to promote the combustion of inflammable gas.
when employed in combination with atmospheric air for heating the interior of
cylinders. The air and gas are supplied to a perforated pipe passing through the
centre of the cylinder, and the burners usually employed are dispensed with; the
products of combustion are exhausted out of the cylinders by means of a jet of steam
which is applied to the main exhaust pipe coupled to the cylinders to be heated.
By this means any number of cylinders may be exhausted by one steam jet.
My Invention economises the consumption of gas and steam, and obviates the
necessity for removing the apparatus for cleaning.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES OR BICYCLES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Frederick Burleigh at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th December 1876.
WILLIAM FREDERICK BURLEIGH, of Cold Harbour Lane, Camberwell, in the
County of Surrey, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES OR BICYCLES."
The object of my Invention is to overcome the difficulty now experienced in
safely applying a break to the front wheel of velocipedes or bicycles.
According to the existing methods there is a tendency of the velocipede to pitch
foward and to raise the hind wheel from the ground when the break is applied.
Now my Invention consists in constructing velocipedes in such manner that the
centre of gravity can be altered as desired whilst in motion without removing the
hands from the handles, whereby the tendency to pitch forward can be avoided, and
I effect this by fitting the seat so that it can be shifted backwards or forwards
according to requirement.
One manner in which my Invention may be carried out is as follows:-Upon the
spring of the machine I mount a carriage, to which I fit the saddle. From this
carriage I lead a cord or chain to the spindle of the handles, so that when the
handles are turned on their axis in the one direction or the other the cord is wound
thereon or unwound therefrom, and the carriage with the saddle is thereby moved
forwards or backwards. The weight of the rider is sufficient to move the carriage
backwards when free. In order to secure it in the normal or forward position I fit
upon the spindle of the handles a pipe formed at one end with teeth to take into
corresponding teeth in the bearings of the spindle. A spring keeps the teeth in
gear, but by moving the pipe clear of the bearing so as to put the teeth out of
gear the carriage is freed and moves backwards, the cord unwinding from the
spindle. The seat is again moved forwards when required by winding up the cord.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Crabtree at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th August 1876.
WILLIAM CRABTREE, of Dudley Hill, Bradford, in the County of York, Machinist.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
This Invention consists in the construction, application, and use of improved
apparatus for ensuring the cloth roller or cloth beam maintaining a proper relative
position to the fluted roller or the emery roller as the case may be.
I employ on each side of the loom a spindle, the upper ends of each are
forked and serves as bearings for the gudgeons or shaft of the cloth roller. On each
spindle is a spiral spring enclosed or partly enclosed within a box or casing attached
to the loom end frames. Upon the outside of each box or casing are a number
of notches or teeth and a hanging pawl or catch for purpose herein-after described.
To facilitate removal of the cloth beam from the loom a hand lever is applied to the
gudgeons or shaft of the cloth roller, further compressing the spiral springs, and the
pawls above referred to are received by the notches on the boxes or casings, and so
hold the cloth clear of the fluted roller, and when the cloth is removed from the
beam the catches by further pressure on the gudgeons or shaft of the cloth roller
are disengaged from the notches and the spiral springs expand, retiring the cloth
roller to a proper position for the reception of more cloth.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LADIES' BOW OR CRAVAT FASTENERS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Eugène Christophe Chaninel at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd October 1876. A com-
munication from abroad by Bernard Bourgeois, of Paris, in the Republic of
France.
EUGÈNE CHRISTOPHE CHANINEL, of Mumford Court, Milk Street, Cheapside, in
the City of London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LADIES' BOW OR CRAVAT FASTENERS."
A communication from abroad by Bernard Bourgeois, of Paris, in the Republic of
France.
The Invention has for its object improvements in ladies' bow or cravat fasteners,
whereby security and an ornamental appearance are obtained. For this purpose a
brooch provided with a pin and catch in the usual manner is employed to form the
back of the fastener and to secure it to the dress. A clip or clasp is hinged to the
upper part of the back or brooch, and a spring acts upon such clip or clasp, or a
projection therefrom; to keep it closed upon the bow or cravat, or to keep it in a
raised position to facilitate the insertion or removal of the bow or cravat.
The back or brooch is provided preferably with two pins or pointed projections
standing up therefrom to enter the bow or cravat on the latter being pressed
thereon by the clip or clasp.
The clip or clasp is made with any suitable ornamental appearance, and may be
employed for the purpose of suspending a locket or other ornament therefrom.
MENTS IN THE FASTENINGS AND METALLIC FRAMEWORK OF LEGGINGS, TRAVELLING BAGS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Simpson and William Reid
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th September 1876.
HENRY SIMPSON and WILLIAM REID, both of the City of Manchester. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE FASTENINGS AND METALLIC FRAMEWORK OF LEGGINGS, TRAVELLING
BAGS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES."
As applied to fastenings for leggings one modification of this Invention consists
in having a button-headed stud near each extremity of the metallic strip which
forms one of the edges of the logging, and which take into corresponding holes
opening into slots arranged in the metallic strip upon the other edge of the legging,
the parts being locked together by the application of a central stud arranged with
a drop catch which locks itself immediately it has passed through a suitable hole, or
the first named metallic strip may be jointed at or near the centre to arms branching
from the central stud, so that by turning such central stud upon its axis the end
studs may be caused to enter and so to lock themselves simultaneously in their cor-
responding slots. As a substitute for the slots in one of such strips we sometimes
employ circular or oval shaped holes, and arrange corresponding shaped studs on the
other metallic strip, which, after passing through such holes are prevented becoming
unfastened by having heads which either turn round eccentrically or otherwise, or
which fall down and can only be released at the pleasure of the wearer; and instead
of flat metallic strips we sometimes employ metallic tubing for strengthening the
edges of leggings.
Secondly. This Invention relates to a novel method of strengthening the frame-
work of travelling bags and other similar articles, and thus rendering it impossible
by ordinary or manual force to obtain access to the contents of a locked travelling
bag by forcing the frame open at the ends, and consists either in constructing such
framework partially or entirely of metallic tubing or angle iron, or in strength-
ening such framework by metallic tubing or sections of tubing secured to the out-
side or inside of such fiamework.
Our improvements further relate to the method of attaching the handle plates,
and consists in carrying such handle plates through the top part of the frame
known as the "cap," to which such handle plates have been heretofore attachod,
and securing them to the vertical or foundation part of the frame.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR STRETCHING WOOLEN OR MIXED WOOLEN AND COTTON CLOTHS, WHICH APPARATUS IS TO BE USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH "TENTERING MACHINES FOR DRYING WOOLEN CLOTHS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Stevenson Kershaw at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th August 1870.
JOHN STEVENSON KERSHAW, of Littleborough, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR STRETCHING WOOLEN OR MIXED WOOLEN
AND COTTON CLOTHS, WHICH APPARATUS IS TO BE USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH
"TENTERING MACHINES FOR DRYING WOOLEN CLOTHS."
My Invention I propose to apply principally to the manufacture of flannels, in
which the chief difficulty is to produce the pieces of a uniform length.
We will suppose, for instance, that forty-eight yards is the standard length for a
piece of flannel, if a piece comes to be finished, measuring (say) forty-four yards I
proceed as follows:-The piece is caused to pass over a "letting off" roller which is
driven by means of a cone pulley and strap, so that as the strap is moved along the
cone pulley the roller lets off more quickly or more slowly, as the case may be.
The strap passes over another cone pulley driven by the chains of the tentering
machine, and as the cloth is taken from the "letting off" roller to the pins of the
tentering machine it will be evident that it will be more or less stretched in the
passage, according as the strap is shifted on the cone pulleys. A graduated scale
runs alongside of the first-mentioned pulley to enable the operator to see where the
strap should be in order to stretch the piece a certain number of yards. As the
cloth is stretched whilst damp, and is dried by passing over the tentering machine,
the length to which it is stretched is retained.