Improvements in Elastic Tires for the Wheels of Carriages, Cycles, and the like.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Elastic Tires for the Wheels of Carriages, Cycles,
and the like.
I, ALPHONSO ANTHONY VEREL, of 179, West George Street, in the County of
Glasgow, North Britain, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows, that is to say: -
My said invention has for its object to improve the construction of elastic. tires
for the wheels of carriages, cycles, and the like, and comprises modes of combining
a pair of flat rings of rubber with a felloe or wheel rim and an outer ring, which
latter may be of metal or wood, or compressed pulp, or like material and which
may be formed with or have applied to it an outer treading material or tire. In
some cases the flat or side rings may be connected by a rubber band made in the
same piece with them.
When separate flat rubber rings are used they are strengthened at their edges
by embedded layers of canvas or woven fabric, to allow of their being securely
fastened, whilst their middle parts are free to act elastically. For fastening the
inward edges of the flat rings, according to one modification a metal ring which
may be the felloe or frame rim of the wheel, or which may be fixed on a wooden
or metal felloe, is formed with or has fixed to it flat outwardly projecting flanges
to the outersides of which the inward edges of the rubber rings are fixed by screw
bolts, preferably passing through a separate outer flat metal ring. Or the inward
edges of the rubber rings may be fixed to the inner sides of the flanges referred
to; or there may be two pairs of such flanges, the two rubber rings being fixed
between the flanges of each pair. In a similar way when the outer ring is of metal
the outward edges of the flat rubber rings may be fixed to the outer or inner sides
of or between flat flanges formed projecting inwards from the outer ring. The
outer surface of the outer metal ring may be the treading surface; or an external
metal tire or wearing-surface ring may be shrunk or otherwise fixed on the outer
ring, or a ring of rubber or other non-metallic material may be applied in a shallow
groove in the outer ring when of metal.
The combination of parts herein before described constitutes a tire having great
elasticity and is somewhat in the nature of a suspension arrangement, when the
space enclosed by the inner and outer flanged-metal or other rings not inflated,
that space may however be inflated if desired.
To prevent what may be termed lateral distortion inward flanges or inwardly
projecting parts of the outer ring may be constructed to fit easily between the
outward flanges of the inner metal ring or vice versa one or other of the rings being
made in two parts to facilitate putting the parts together; or the. flanges may be
made with parts projecting at intervals only and allowing the two rings to be put
together as with a bayonet joint. Or lateral distortion may be prevented by insert-
ing segmental or other pieces of wood or other material which whilst filling the
space between the flanges laterally, allows of the inward and outward movement
of the outer ring to the necessary extent.
Circular distortion or dragging of the

page_text: outer ring relatively to the inner one may be prevented by providing suitable inter-
locking projections on the two rings.
When the two lateral rubber rings are formed in the same piece with a con-
necting part, this connecting part may be strengthened by embedded canvas or other
woven fabric; and it may be secured to an outer metal ring or to an inner metal
ring by a metal band or ring fixed through it by screws or otherwise to the outer
or inner metal ring.
1008
"
Improvements in Elastic Tires for the Wheels of Carriages, Cycles,
and the like.
I, ALPHONSO ANTHONY VEREL, of 179, West George Street, in the County of
Glasgow, North Britain, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say:-
.
My said invention has for its object to improve the construction of elastic tires
for the wheels of carriages, cycles, and the like, and comprises modes of combining
a pair of flat rings of rubber with a felloe or wheel rim, and an outer ring, which
latter may be of metal or wood or compressed pulp or like material and which
may be formed with or have applied to it an outer treading material or tire. In
some cases the flat or side rings may be connected by a rubber band preferably
strengthened by embedded layers of canvas or woven fabric and made in the same
piece with them. When separate flat rubber rings are used they are also
strengthened at their edges by embedded layers of canvas or woven fabric, to allow
of their being securely fastened whilst their middle parts are free to act elastically.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing the same
may be properly understood I hereunto append a sheet of explanatory drawings to
be hereinafter referred to and showing examples of my improved tires.
On the accompanying sheet of explanatory drawings, Figures, 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6,
are transverse sections of elastic tires for the wheels of carriages, cycles, and the
like and show various modifications of my improvements. Figure 4, is a side
elevation of a portion of a wheel, showing an interlocking arrangement on the
tire. In these drawings the same reference letters and numerals are used to mark
the same or like parts wherever they are repeated.
According to one modification of my improvements, shown in Figure 1, for
fastening the inward edges, A, A 1, of the flat rubber rings, B, B1, a metal ring, C,
which may be the felloe or frame rim of the wheel, or which may be fixed on a
wooden or metal felloe, is formed with or has fixed to it flat outwardly projecting
flanges, D, D 1, to the outer sides of which the inward edges of the rubber rings
are fixed by screw bolts, E, E1, preferably passing through a separate outer flat
metal ring, F, F 1. Or the inward edges, A, A 1, of the rubber rings, B, B1, may
be fixed to the inner sides of the flanges, D, D1, as shown in Figure 2, or as shown
in Figure, 3, there may be two pairs of such flanges the two rubber rings, B, B1,
being fixed between the flanges, D, D2, and D1, D3, of each respective pair. In
a similar way when the outer ring, C 1, is of metal as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3,
the outward edges, A2, A3, of the flat rubber rings, B, B1, may be fixed to the
outer sides of flat flanges, 14, D5, as shown in Figure, 1, or between pairs of

page_text: flanges, D4, D6, and D5, D7, formed projecting inwards from the outer ring, C1,
as shown in Figures, 2, and 3. In the arrangement of tire shown in Figure, 2,
pairs of flanges are employed simply to facilitate the attachment of the rubber
rings, B, B1, so that if preferred they may be formed on the inner ring, C, instead
of on the outer ring, C1, as shown. The flat rubber rings, B, B1, are strengthened
at their edges, A, A1, A2, A3, by embedded layers of canvas or woven fabric, A 4.
The outer surface of the outer metal ring, C1, may be the treading surface as
shown in Figure, 1, or an external metal tire or wearing-surface ring, C2, may be
shrunk or otherwise fixed on the outer ring as shown in Figure, 2, or a ring of
rubber or other non-metallic material, C3, may be applied in a shallow groove, C4,
in the outer ring. In the example of tire shown in Figure, 5, the inner ring, C,
is of curved section, and the flanges, D, D 1, to which the inward edges of the rubber
rings, B, B1, are fixed, project inwards instead of outwards. The outer ring, C1,
which in this case may be of wood or compressed pulp is formed with an inwardly
projecting web, H, to which the outward edges, A2, A3, of the rubber rings, B, BI,
are fixed.
The combination of parts hereinbefore described constitutes a tire having great
elasticity and is somewhat in the nature of a suspension arrangement when the
space enclosed by the inner and outer flanged-metal or other rings is not inflated;
that space however may be inflated if desired.
To prevent what may be termed lateral distortion the inward flanges, D4, D5,
of the outer ring, C1, as shown in Figure, 1, are constructed to fit easily between
the outward flanges, D, D1, of the inner metal ring, C, or vice versa one or other
of the rings being made in two parts to facilitate putting the parts together; or
the flanges may be made as shown in Figure, 3, with parts, D8, D9, projecting
at intervals only, and allowing the two rings to be put together as with a bayonet
joint. Or as shown in Figures, 2, 5, and 6, lateral distortion is prevented by
inserting segmental or other pieces, G, of wood or other material which are formed,
so that whilst filling the space between the flanges and the rubber rings laterally,
they allow of the inward and outward movement of the outer ring, C1, to the
necessary extent. In Figure, 4, an arrangement is shown for preventing circular
distortion or dragging of the outer ring relatively to the inner one. The outer
ring is formed with an interlocking projection, G 1, which fits between two pro-
jections, G2, G3, formed on the inner ring or vice versa, so that the outer ring is
locked, and prevented from dragging. Several sets of these interlocking projec-
tions, G1, G2, G3, may be placed at suitable intervals round the two rings, or
circular distortion may be prevented as shown in Figure, 5, by locking pins, G4,
which have their outward ends screwed into the outer ring, C1, and their inward
ends working freely through the inner ring, C.
When the two lateral rubber rings, B, B1, are formed in the same piece with
a connecting part, B2, as shown in Figure, 6, this connecting part is strengthened
by layers of embedded canvas or other woven fabric, A 5, and it is secured to an
outer metal ring, C5, or it may be to an inner metal ring or band, C6, fixed through
it by screw bolts, C7, or otherwise to the outer metal ring, C5.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. Improved elastic tires for the wheels of carriages cycles and the like, in which
in each tire two flat rubber rings strengthened at their edges by canvas or other
woven fabric are fixed to flanged inner and outer rings the treading surface being
the outer surface of the outer metal ring, or an external ring fixed on the outer
ring, or a ring of rubber or other non-metallic material applied in a groove in
the outer ring substantially as herein before described and as shown in the accom-
panying drawings.
2. In elastic tires for the wheels of carriages cycles and the like, preventing
lateral distortion of the tire by forming flanges or projecting parts on the outer

page_text: ring, to fit between corresponding parts on the inner ring, or vice versa, or instead,
providing pieces of wood or other material to fill the space between the flanges and
rubber rings laterally substantially as hereinbefore described and as shown in the
accompanying drawings.
3. In elastic tires for the wheels of carriages cycles and the like preventing
circular distortion of the tire by forming one or more projections on the outer
ring to fit between projections on the inner ring or vice versa, or instead providing
locking pins having one end screwed into the outer ring and the other end passing
freely through the inner ring substantially as herein before described and as shown.
in the accompanying drawings.
4. In elastic tires for the wheels of carriages cycles and the like forming the
two lateral rubber rings in the same piece with a connecting part strengthened
by embedded canvas or other woven fabric, and secured to an outer metal, ring
by means of an inner metal band and screws, substantially as herein before described
and as shown in the accompanying drawings.
Doted this Ninataonth dose of Tul. 1900