IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESSES FOR BALING COTTON AND OTHER SUBSTANCES, CHIEFLY APPLICABLE TO HYDRAULIC PRESSES
Year: 1884

page_text: . I WILLIAM NATHAN DACK, of 10 Byron Street, Patricroft, Lancashire, Consulting
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
PRESSES FOR BALING COTTON AND OTHER SUBSTANCES, CHIEFLY APPLICABLE TO
HYDRAULIC PRESSES, to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to dispense with the finishing press and to obtain
all the pressure necessary for the bale, in one press.
In applying my Invention to a hydraulic press I employ an ordinary press box
with one or more central cylinders which lift or raise the follower to give the
preliminary pressure to the bale in the usual manner and I also use two additional
oscillating hydraulic cylinders secured to and free to oscillate on a suitable frame,
placed on opposite sides of the press, the ram of each oscillating cylinder is
connected to the centre joint of a toggle joint; one end of the toggle joint is
connected to the follower and the other to the fixed bottom or top of the press.
The oscillating and central cylinders are or may be all connected to the same
pumps.
The action is as follows:-The central ram raises the follower which brings the
toggles or toggle joints into such position that the oscillating cylinders exert a
pressure on the bale through the follower which pressure increases as the follower
rises and thus the oscillating and central cylinders unite to give the finishing
pressure to the bale.
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I am thus able to dispense with a finishing press and to give any required
pressure to the bale in one press, thereby economising time and labour.
One link of either or both toggle joints may be formed into a bell crank so as to
enable me to use fixed or oscillating cylinders.
Dated this 9th day of September 1884.
WILLIAM NATHAN DACK.
H. B. Barlow,
Agent for Applicant,
4, Mansfield Chambers,
17, St. Ann's Square, Manchester,

page_text: L
I WILLIAM NATHAN DACK, of 10 Byron Street, Patricroft, Lancashire, Consulting
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
PRESSES FOR BALING COTTON AND OTHER SUBSTANCES, CHIEFLY APPLICABLE TO
HYDRAULIC PRESSES, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of my Invention is to dispense with the finishing press and to obtain
all the pressure necessary for the bale in one press.
In applying my Invention to a hydraulic press I employ an ordinary press box
with one or more central cylinders which lift or raise the follower to give the
preliminary pressure to the bale in the usual manner and I also use two additional
oscillating hydraulic cylinders secured to and free to oscillate on a suitable frame
placed on opposite sides of the press; the ram of each oscillating cylinder is
connected to the centre joint of a toggle joint; one end of the toggle joint is
connected to the follower and the other to the fixed bottom or top of the press.
The oscillating and central cylinders are or may be all connected to the same
'pumps.
The action is as follows:-The central ram raises the follower which brings the
toggles or toggle joints into such position that the oscillating cylinders exert a
pressure on the bale through the follower which pressure increases as the follower
rises and thus the oscillating and central cylinders unite to give the finishing
pressure to the bale.
I am thus able to dispense with a finishing press and to give any required
pressure to the bale in the press, thereby economising time and labour.
One link of either or both toggle joints may be formed into a bell crank so as to
enable me to use fixed or oscillating cylinders.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried into
effect I will proceed to describe the accompanying four Sheets of Drawings,
reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
On Sheet 1.-Fig. 1 is a front view and Fig. 2 a side view of a hydraulic press
to which my Invention is applied. Fig. 3 is a plan (partly in section) showing the
frame and the oscillating cylinders and Fig. 4 is a plan, partly in section.
In these views, a is the top of the press connected by the bolts or pillars a¹ to
the bottom of the press a²; b is the ram. of the ordinary central hydraulic
cylinder which is provided with a stop b and c is the follower; dd' are two
oscillating hydraulic cylinders, the rams e e¹ of which are connected at e² e³
respectively to the centre joints of the two toggles ffl the ends of which are
jointed to the follower c and to the fixed bottom a² of the press; the cylinders & d¹
are free to oscillate on the trunnions dd on which they are mounted and by
which they are secured in the frame g which is carried by the supports g' and
further strengthened by the stays g²; hh are a pair of pumps connected by

page_text: the pipes to the distributing or valve box j and to the hydraulic cylinders b', d
and d¹.
The pumps are in connection with and open to the three cylinders during the
time the press is in operation when the ram bis at the bottom of the cylinder bl
and the oscillating cylinders d d with their rams and the toggles fflare in the
positions indicated by dotted lines on Fig. 1; the pumps are then set in motion
and as the ram brises it lifts the follower c and moves the toggles ff'; the
rams e e' temporarily resist the action of the ram b and are forced slightly back
into their cylinders d d which thus act as pumps to feed the central cylinder b¹
and accelerate the speed of the ram b while the preliminary pressure is being given
to the bale and until the toggles ff have passed beyond their dead centres when
the three rams unite to raise the follower c until the ram b comes against the
stop ; the follower c is then raised to the position shown in the Drawings to give
the final or finishing pressure to the bale by the rams e e¹ alone.
On Sheet 2-Fig. 5 is a front view Fig. 6 a plan partly in section and Fig. 7 a
side view of another form of hydraulic press made according to my Invention.
Fig. 8 is a side view of the lower part of the press showing the pumps and the
distributing box and Fig. 9 is a plan through the line A A Fig. 5.
In this arrangement the preliminary pressure is given to the bale by the central
ram b but as soon as the follower c has been raised sufficiently to bring the
toggles ff and rams e el over their dead centres at x the rams e c¹ alone or the
three rams togethor raise the follower c and give the final pressure to the bale.
The only material difference between this arrangement and the press shown on
Sheet 1. is that in the latter the ram b works only through part of the whole
stroke of the press but in this case the ram b is free to work throughout the whole
stroke of the press.
On Sheet 3.-Fig. 10 is a front view and Fig. 11 an end view of another
arrangement of press to which my Invention is applied.
These views show my Invention applied to a press in which two sliding suspended
boxes are employed.
The follower c is shown at the bottom of its stroke when the press is ready for
filling and the oscillating cylinders d d' are shown in the position when their
rams c e¹ exercise a retarding influence on the ram bas already explained with
reference to Sheet 1.
On Sheet 4.-Fig. 12 is a front elevation and Fig. 13 a side elevation of another
arrangement of press constructed according to my Invention. Fig. 14 is a diagram
showing the relative positions of the chief moving parts of the press, in full lines
when the follower is at the top of its stroke, and in dotted lines when the follower
is at the bottom of its stroke and the final pressure has been given to the bale.
This arrangement shows the press reversed or turned upside down the bales being
finished on the bottom floor and the boxes filled on the second floor.
The central cylinders b¹ (two being shown in this case) are secured to the top of
the press and their rams b connected to the crosshead c¹ of the follower c and also
to the sliding block m by rods or links m¹. The frame g in which the cylinders d d'
are mounted is in this arrangement free to slide upon the guides n and is
suspended by the toggles ff' which are connected to the frame g at the centre
joints ee of the toggles.
The frame with the cylinders & d' and the toggles ffl and the follower care
raised by the rams b of the central cylinders b¹ into the position shown in full lines
on Fig. 14 and when the box has been filled the frame g, cylinders d ', toggles ff'
and follower c descend together by dead weight and give the preliminary pressure
to the bale the final pressure being given through the toggles ff by the rams e e'
of the cylinders d d which are supplied with water through the telescopic pipe
and chamber o.
I have shown and described my Invention as applied to hydraulic presses only
but I would have it understood that my Invention is equally applicable to presses
worked by steam cylinders and pistons or other motive power.

page_text: Having. now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
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1. In a press, the combination with a central cylinder, or central cylinders, of
cylinders supported on opposite sides of the press in a frame and acting upon the
follower by means of toggles, substantially in the manner and for the purposes
herein set forth.
2. In a press, the combination with toggles connected to opposite sides of the
follower and to the top or bottom of the press, of cylinders supported in a frame g,
or its equivalent, substantially as herein set forth for the purposes specified.
3. The use and application of an independent frame g, or its equivalent either
stationary or movable for supporting cylinders on opposite sides of a press, either
with or without a central cylinder or central cylinders for the purposes herein
set forth.