An Improved Machine for the Production of Fancy Threads.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Aug., 1889-Accepted, 21st Dec., 1889
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Machine for the Production of Fancy Threads.
I, ERNST HILLE, Manufacturer of Cottbus, in the Kingdom of Prussia and German
Empire, do bereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to a machine for producing such fancy threads which show a
great variety in effects. They are produced by this machine, by feeding, through a
special arrangement, the roving threads to the core threads in any suitable quantities
and at regular or irregular intervals, then twisting them at regular or irregular
periods, so as to effect a periodic twisting of the roving threads of different colour
into special warp threads, and further by a periodic stretching of one or more roving
threads and twisting them with one another and by forming naps or loops.
In order that this machine may be the better understood I now proceed to describe
the same in relation to the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 is a sectional view of the machine for the periodical stretching and
twisting of the roving threads with the core threads.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of the same.
Figure 3 is a front elevation.
Figure 4 is a plan.
Figures 5 and 6 show details of the machine, especially the arrangement of the
tongs.
Figures 7 and 8 show further sectional and side elevations of the machine for
changing the shape of the naps and the distance between them, for the purpose of
twisting the core threads produced on the machine (Figures 1 to 6) with each other
or with the roving threads in a regular or irregular manner and to bind them with a
binding thread.
Fig. 9 is a detail elevation of the thread guides oo and driving mechanism Fig. 7
and 8.
The machine, Figures 1 to 6, serves firstly for the periodical twisting of the roving
threads into special core threads and secondly for the periodical stretching of one
or more roving threads for the twisting of these roving threads with each other.
The machine is operated from the shaft W with the fixed or loose pulley R R¹.
The driving shaft W carries the drum T which drives the spindle with the
flyers S. S. The gearing arrangement L (Figs. 3 and 4) is also driven from the main
shaft by means of the pulley M which by suitable gearing rotates the working
cylinder B and the backward feeding cylinder A. The velocity of the feeding
cylinder A must be such that it feeds always a little more roving thread than the
working cylinder consumes, that is feeds, in order to allow of the roving thread being
well gripped by the working cylinder in the manner hereinafter described.
By the periodical twisting of the roving threads of various colours, the roving
threads 1 and 2 are fed to the feeding cylinder A by a suitable and known bobbin-feed
arrangement commonly in use but not shown in the drawings.
The usual and known bobbin-feed arrangement merely consists of the necessary
bobbin mounted so as to revolve easily upon wire spindles and with suitable guides to
lead the threads to the required points.
The core threads and 4 which are to be twisted into the roving threads of
alternate colours are at the same time fed to the working cylinder B separately over
a thread guide E by a further bobbin feed arrangement not shown in the drawings,
and after having united before passing the working cylinder are twisted together by
the turning of the spindles.
The pressing rollers C. D. situated in bearings above and resting on the feeding

page_text: cylinder A and the working cylinder B are rotated by friction. The roving threads
are fed from the feeding cylinder A into the tongs a d which guide them to the
working cylinder B and to the core threads 3. 4 with which they are twisted.
The tong levers z. z for operating the tongs ad are connected by the axles b
to the levers which receive an oscillating motion from the eccentric camsc
(rotated by the gear L) and are pressed against them by weights gg. By this
arrangement the tongs receive a suitable straight to and fro motion their jaws being
opened and shut automatically by a weight p fixed to each arm of the tongs
striking against the adjustable screw e on the frame of the machine, thus opening
the tongs and closing them by the weight when receding from the adjusting
screw.
By the alternate movement of these tongs, the roving threads 1 and 2 are fed
alternately to the working cylinder and the core threads. If the spindle is sufficiently
wide more than two independent tong levers may be arranged to effect a greater
variety in the colours of the thread and the length of the naps to be twisted in and
the effect may be changed as desired by corresponding changes in the speed of the
tongs or in the shape of the eccentric cams.
The roving threads 1 and 2 fed through the open tongs and drawn forward by the
rotation of the working cylinder B do not break off short at the sudden reversion of
motion and the sudden closing of the tongs, but they are stretched between the
working cylinder B and the closed tongs and break off after having been stretched to
a certain exteri so that a piece of the broken roving thread stretched somewhat to a
point remains protruding from the tongs.
drawn backwards through the jaws of the tongs at the sudden backward motion of
To prevent the roving threads being
the tongs dd, it is necessary, as before mentioned that the feeding cylinder A delivers
somewhat more roving thread than the working cylinder B consumes in order to avoid
tension in the roving thread. When the tong levers re-approach the working
cylinder B and open by the before mentioned arrangement pe, the pointed piece of
roving thread left in the closed jaws of the tongs at the sudden backward movement
of the latter, is gripped by the working cylinder and by the core-threads 3 and 4 fed
by the same and twisted until the reversion of motion of the tong-levers and the
consequent receding of the tong jaws d d from the working cylinder.
=
In the periodical stretching of one or more roving threads, between the automatic
opening and closing tong jaws and the working cylinder B, and in the following
twisting of the roving thread with each other, the machine works as before described,
but the tong levers do not move backwards until the threads break off, but only so
far as the strength of the material allows of stretching of the threads without breaking
them. In this way thin and thick places are produced which give varied effect when
the threads have been twisted either regularly or irregularly.
Figures 7 and 8 show a modification of the machine, which allows of the effects
being still more varied.
This modification consists in the arrangement of a separate thread guide with or
without the application of a second rotary flyer U by which arrangement the orna-
mental threads or the core threads or both are fed to the spindle either regularly or
irregularly and are spun over with a binding thread if desired.
The arrangement of this modified machine is as follows:-and it is shown in an
enlarged detail in Fig. 9.
Between the working rollers B and the flyer S Fig. 7 is arranged a thread guide f
having loops o the swing motion of such guides being produced and transmitted by
means of an eccentric cam e², the lever k with the roller l, the axle 62 and the lever m.
Any desired number of ornamental or napped threads may be combined with the
core threads 3 & 4 and with the napped threads 1 and 2 twisted over them as they
pass the rollers B or D and napped by the tongs d. d.
Two, four, or more threads 5, 6, 7 and 8 drawn from further bobbin feeds may be
twisted about the aforesaid threads 1, 2, 3 and 4 by being fed through suitable holes
in the loops o o, the reciprocating movement of which will cause these external threads
to be looped or napped on the central threads at intermittent points.

page_text: By giving a different form to the eccentric c² and by changing the position of the
roller in the lever k, a different formation of the naps may be obtained.
When the came obtains such a velocity that the downward motion of the thread
guide is of the same speed as the motion in the same direction of the core thread,
the ornamental thread, fed through the loop into the core thread and delivered quicker
than the core thread on account of the greater speed of the feeding cylinder A is
compelled to form naps or loops on the core thread at certain places determined by
the loop o, as long as the downward motion of the thread guide continues. During the
upward motion of the thread guide at greater speed than the downward motion,
the ornamental thread does not run up at a certain place of the core thread, and
thus produces smooth twisted places between the several loops.
::
Smooth, crossed naps may be produced by changing the positions of the levers k m
to each other.
The looping of the ornamental thread on the core-thread is effected in the same
manner as the before described naps.
It has however to be considered, that the downward motion of the thread guide is
not the same as in the forming of naps relatively to the speed of the core-thread, but
that this downward motion is quicker and intermittent. In consequence, the orna-
mental thread, delivered through the corresponding feeding cylinder has no time to
wrap itself several times around the core threads, but leaves the latter in the form of
the intended nap.
The modified machine, according to Figs. 7 and 8, may also be supplied with the
flyer U, which by its rotation twists the binding thread around the nap thread before
it arrives at the flyer S. This binding thread is delivered from a bobbin on the
spindle of the flyer U and prevents any disarrangement of the effects produced on
the core thread when passing the flyer S and forms eventually a new effect.
The prepared "effect yarn" is now led to the flyer S, and having passed it, it is
wound on to a bobbin.
The spindle carrying the flyer U is rotated in the same manner as the spindle
carrying the flyer S namely through a rope or gut from a small drum T¹ rotated
from the axle W.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is :-
1. A machine for the manufacture of a napped yarn in which the core threads 3, 4,
the design threads 1, 2 (roving threads) fed by the feeding rollers A, C, are fed to
the working rollers B D by means of special tongs a d at regular or irregular periods
and in desired quantities, such tongs being opened and closed automatically by a
swinging motion, substantially as described and shown in the drawings,
2. The machine as claimed under claim 1 in further combination with the thread
guide, which feeds at regular or irregular intervals and at differential speed the
core-threads or ornamental threads or both together (fed from the working rollers B D)
to other core threads fed to the flyer S substantially as described and shown in the
drawings.
3. The arrangement claimed under claim 1 and 2 in combination with a flyer U.
driven by a special drum T¹ and binding the ornamental threads to the cord-thread
by a binding thread S substantially as described and shown in the drawings.
Dated this 31st day of August 1889.
FELL & WILDING,
1, Queen Victoria Street, E.C., Agents for the Applicant.