Improvements in Apparatus for Evaporating Liquids.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 31st May, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 15th Feb., 1890-Accepted, 19th Apr., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Evaporating Liquids.
I, DONALD BARNS MORISON, of 8 Albion Terrace, Hartlepool, in the County of
Durham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My Invention relates to apparatus for heating and evaporating liquids, and
particularly to that class of apparatus in which water is heated or evaporated, in a
closed vessel by means of steam passing through pipes or coils of pipes. The steam
so formed (when used as an evaporator for supplying fresh auxilliary feed-water to
marine boilers) being used in the engines, or utilized in some other suitable manner,
or discharged direct to the condenser.
A sea-water evaporator made according to my invention, consists of a bottom
vessel, upon which all important pipe connections are placed, and which forms the
receptacle for the deposit from the water evaporated, and also a water-trap for the
water condensed from the steam in the pipes or coils. The dome or upper part
of the evaporator may be formed of wrot iron or steel, and preferably contains
only such fittings as do not require to be removed when the dome is lifted.
The pipes or coils which heat the water to be evaporated are jointed to the bottom
vessel and are so arranged that the steam enters at one end, passes up through one
side of each pipe or coil and descends the other side of each pipe or coil, into the
water-trap before-mentioned formed in the evaporator bottom.
In order to facilitate the removal of the dome for the purpose of cleaning the
pipes or coils, screws or other suitable apparatus, are or is, arranged on the evaporator
by which the dome may be lifted or held above the coils, one arrangement being,
three or more rests arranged round the evaporator hottom in such a manner that
the dome may be raised clar of the pipes or coils, by any suitable lifting tackle,
the rests being then partially revolved, the dome may be lowered and allowed to rest
upon them.
This forms a very convenient arrangement for allowing the pipes or coils to be
cleaned.
The same apparatus may be used as a feed-water heater, the feed-water taking the
place of the salt-water when used as an evaporator, and the connections being suitably
arranged.
11
2011 1
1050
D. B. MORISON.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Evaporating Liquids.
1, DONALD BARNS MORISON, of 8 Albion Terrace, Hartlepool, in the County of
Durham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention relates to the construction and arrangement as hereinafter described
of apparatus for evaporating liquids and particularly for evaporating water in a closed
vessel by means of steam passing through pipes or coils of pipes, the steam generated
being utilized in any suitable manner or discharged direct to a condenser as may be
found convenient.

page_text: ing to the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a vertical section; and
Fig. 2 is a plan of my apparatus with dome removed; as constructed with two
coils of pipes for evaporating liquids.
1 is a lower vessel or casting hereinafter called the bottom vessel upon which all
steam and water pipe connections are placed. It is formed with a chamber 2 to
receive deposit from the water, a steam inlet 7, a steam chest 4, and a water vessel
or trap 5 to receive water of condensation from the steam within the coils. 2ª is a
mudhole with removable cover 2° to facilitate the removal of deposit from the
chamber 2. In the larger sizes of the apparatus (see Figs. 4 and 6) the chamber 5 is
formed with a hand-hole 5" with a removable cover 5 to afford access to its interior.
6, 6 are heating coils arranged in pairs the coils of each pair being preferably
connected together at the top by any suitable means such as a screw connection as
shewn.
The lower end of each of the coils 6 is connected to the top of the steam chest 4,
and the lower end of each of the coils 6ª is connected to the top of the chamber 5.
The inlet branch 7 for steam to heat the water, is provided with a door 3 and
strainer 3ª to prevent the entrance of dirt and to permit of the strainer being removed
for cleaning. 8 is the outlet for water of condensation from the chamber 5, it is
preferably of such area as will just pass the water condensed in the coils or it may be
controlled by a suitable cock or valve one form of which is shewn in Figs. 13 and 14.
9 is an inlet pipe provided with a non-return valve (not shown) for supplying salt
water to be evaporated. 10 is an outlet pipe for the steam generated from the salt
water by heat from the coils 6 and 6. This pipe is connected at its lower end to the
bottom vessel 1 at an outlet passage 11 formed in that vessel. The upper end of the
pipe 10 may be fitted with a hood or baffle plate or it may be perforated with slots, or
simply turned over and left open-ended as shewn. 13 is a branch on the vessel 1 to which
a blow-off cock can be secured. 15 is the dome or upper part of the evaporator.
is arranged to enclose the coils 6, 6 and upper parts of the water inlet pipe 9 and
steam outlet pipe 10 and is provided with a flange 16 by which it can be readily
connected to or disconnected from a. flange on the bottom vessel 1 by any suitable
means such as bolts and nuts. The flange of the bottom vessel 1 to which the flange 16
of the dome is fitted is preferably arranged in the same plane as the flanges to which
the coils of pipes 6, 6, are jointed so that when the dome is raised the coils 6, 6ª, and
their flanges may be completely exposed.
It
To the dome are connected only such fittings as do not require removal when the
dome is lifted, as for example a water gauge, a pressure-gauge, an air-cock, and a
safety valve. 17 are vertical guides and supports of which there are three in the
example shewn. They are each provided with a projecting arm 18 forming a rest and
mounted to rotate in a foot-step bearing 19, and lug 20, carried by the bottom vessel
or casting 1 in such a manner that after the dome 15 has been raised sufficiently to
expose the whole of the coils 6, 6", by any suitable gear or tackle, the projecting
rests 18 can be brought by a partial rotation of the supports into position under the
lower edge or flange of the dome which can then be lowered on to and will be
supported by the rests 18.
Although I have so far described my apparatus as constructed with only two coils,
it may be constructed with two or more pairs of coils. Thus Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate
my apparatus as made with two pairs of coils and Figs. 5 and 6 shew it constructed
with four pairs of coils.
Although the heating surface is shewn in the form of coils in all the drawings it is
evident that the copper pipes may be bent into any other form.
In the drawings of each of these modifications the same reference numerals are
employed to denote like parts as in Figs. 1 and 2, and the arrangement and operation
will be readily understood from the drawings aided by the description hereinbefore
given.

page_text: In lien of the supports 17 already described I may in either of the arrangements of
my apparatus employ one or other of the devices illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8.
In Fig. 7, 17 is a support in the form of a spindle resting at its lower end in a
footstep an passing freely (with clearance) through a plain hole in a projection 20 of
the part 1, below which a nut or collar 17" is secured to the support. The support is
formed with a screw thread and passes through a correspondingly threaded hole
formed in a bracket or projection 16 projecting from the dome; the support can be
rotated by means of a spanner or a ratchet applied to its upper squared end. Although
only one support is shewn it will be understood that more than one
employed.
are to be
In the modification illustrated in Fig. 8 the screwed part 17ª is fixed in the pro-
jecting parts 19 and 20 on the bottom vessel but passes freely through holes formed
in the projecting bracket 16" on the dome. Upward and downward motion of th
dome is obtained by rotating the nut 17" on the spin:lle 17. Endwise movement of
this nut is prevented by the arms of the bracket 16".
Fig. 9 is an outside elevation of an evaporator designed for spaces where the head
room is insufficient to allow of the dome being lifted in the usual manner. The dome
is divided into two parts 15 and 15" united by the flanges 16" and 16. The steam
outlet pipe 10 hereinbefore referred to is also divided into two parts connected
together by means of a socket joint. This arrangement permits of the upper part 15*
being removed horizontally when the bolts connecting it to the lower part 15 are
withdrawn. Access is afforded to the socket joint of the pipe 10 for the purpose of
disconnecting and removing or lowering the upper portion of the pipe 10, by raising
the dome a short distance before removing the top part borizontally from the lower
part. The lower part 15 can then be lifted in the usual manner and supported by
the supports 17 or 17ª as bereinbefore described.
Fig. 10 shews an evaporator dome 15 provided with a door 15" for the purpose of
examining or removing the coils from the interior.
Fig. 11 is an elevation ; and
Fig. 12 is a sectional plan of a flange 21 adapted to be applied to the bottom
vessel 1 (part of which is shewn in section) over the steam outlet 11 and the condensed
water outlet 8 from the chamber 5. This arrangement is more particularly suitable
when the steam generated from the salt water and the water of condensation from
the chamber 5 are utilized to heat the feed water for the boilers of the main engines.
22 is the opening corresponding to the water outlet 8 which is generally of sinali
area. Removable screw plugs 23, 23ª are provided to enable the passages 22 and 24
to be easily cleaned.
Figs. 13 and 14 shew a modification of this flange having an open bottomed
plug 25 inserted so that the drain from the coils can be regulated thereby.
Fig. 15 is a sectional elevation; and
Fig. 16 is a sectional plan of a portion of the bottom vessel 1 shewing the steam
inlet 7 and part of the steam chest 4. 3 is the door for access to the strainer 3ª.
Fig. 17 is a sectional elevation shewing a modified form of strainer 3".
The strainer may be made with a flange 27 as shewn in Figs. 15 and 16 or with a
collar 28 as in Fig. 17 to maintain it in its proper position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
ion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In apparatus for evaporating liquids mounting the pipe connections on a lower
essel, making the upper part or dome removable to expose the coils and afford access
o the interior of the apparatus, and providing guides and rests for the dome substan-
ially as herein before described with reference to the drawings, for guiding and
reventing the upper part or dome from surging against the coils when being raised
nd for supporting the said upper part or dome when raised.
2. The several arrangements of my improved apparatus for evaporating liquids

page_text: constructed arranged and operating as, described with reference respectively to and
shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, in Figs. 3 and 4, and in Figs. 5 and 6 of the drawings.
3. In apparatus of the kind referred to for evaporating liquids connecting the steam
and water outlets in the manner and by the means described and illustrated in
Figs. 11 and 12 and Figs. 13 and 14.
4. In apparatus of the kind referred to for evaporating liquids the arrangement of
a circular removable strainer or arrester for preventing entry of dirt into the apparatus
as described and illustrated in Figs. 15 and 16, or modified as in Fig. 17.
Dated this 15th day of February 1890.
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.