An Improvement in Supply, Exhaust, and Governing Apparatus for Oil Motor Engines.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Aug., 1890
- Complete Specification Left, 5th May, 1891-Accepted, 6th June, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in Supply, Exhaust, and Governing Apparatus for
Oil Motor Engines.
I, HENRY PERCY HOLT of Openshaw near Manchester in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows
--
My invention relates to an arrangement of the valves and passages for supply
and exhaust of oil motor engines arranged to work according to the Otto cycle in
such a manner that the heat of the waste products of combustion is partly utilised
for heating the supply of combustible mixture to the cylinder, and, that the move-
ment of these valves, as determined by a governor, serves to regulate the speed of
the engine. For this purpose, I provide in the discharge passage from the cylinder
an exhaust valve which can be raised from its seat by a lever operated by a cam,
thus opening an annular passage leading to a discharge pipe. Within this annular
passage there is a central passage covered by a supply check valve immediately
under the exhaust valve.
To this central passage air is admitted by a lateral opening from a casing sur-
rounding the valve box, and along with the air the oil spray or vapour employed
as the combustible. Under the annular passage is a check valve which can open
downwards but is pressed upwards by a light spring so as to close the annular
passage.
This valve arrangement operates in the following manner. When by means of
the cam lever the exhaust valve is opened, the products of combustion from the
cylinder pass down the annular-passage and past the spring check valve and
escaping by the discharge pipe; during this time the supply check valve is
closed.
When the piston makes its outstroke to draw a charge into the cylinder, the
spring check valve closes the annular passage to the discharge pipe and combustible
mixture entering the central passage raises the supply check valve and, the exhaust
valve being open, passes into the cylinder, being heated in passing through the
parts heated by the previously discharged products of combustion.
The construction of the valve box may be modified so as to give a central passage
for exhaust and a surrounding annular passage for supply. In this case during the
charging stroke the exhaust valve is so far raised that a sleeve projecting down
from it opens the annular supply passage while the central exhaust passage is closed
by a piston valve. In order more effectually to absorb heat from the issuing pro-
ducts of combustion and impart it to the entering charge of combustible, I prefer
to provide the metallic walls of the passages with projecting ribs or gills exposing
an extended surface of conducting material.
For regulating the speed of the engine by the operation of the valves above
described, I provide that the lever which opens the exhaust valve can be moved by
two cams or by one of them as determined by the governor. When, owing to
excess of speed only the one cam is made by the governor to act on the lever,
the exhaust valve is opened before the end of the working stroke thus reducing the
pressure acting on the piston, and it is closed shortly after the beginning of the
return discharge stroke thus subjecting the piston to an increasing back pressure.
When the other cam also acts, which is the normal condition of the engine, the
exhaust valve is. kept open throughout the discharge stroke and the succeeding
charging stroke. In order to reduce the strain on the cam in opening the exhaust
valve, I prefer to provide the cam lever with two fulera so that the first part of

page_text: the movement takes place on the one fulcrum which gives the cam great leverage,
and when the valve is thus unseated, the rest of the movement takes place on the
other fulcrum.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE. SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in Supply, Exhaust, and Governing Apparatus for
Oil Motor Engines.
I, HENRY PERCY HOLT, of Openshaw, near Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to an arrangement of the valves and passages for supply
and exhaust of oil motor engines arranged to work according to the Otto cycle, in
such a manner that the heat of the waste products of combustion is partly utilised
for heating the supply of combustible mixture to the cylinder, and, that the move-
ment of these valves, as determined by a governor serves to regulate the speed of
the engine. For this purpose I arrange the valves as I shall describe referring to
the accompanying drawings.
Fig. is an end view and Fig. 2 a part side view of the cylinder of an oil motor
engine, having valve apparatus according to my invention applied to it....
Fig. 3 is a plan of the valve lever.
I provide in the discharge passage B from the cylinder A an exhaust valve b
which can be raised from its seat by a lever F operated by a cam, thus opening an
annular passage leading to a discharge pipe D. Within this annular passage there
is a central passage C covered by a supply check valve c under the exhaust
valve b.
To this central passage C air is admitted by a lateral pipe K, and along with the
air the oil spray or vapour, employed as the combustible, is admitted by inlet E
when the valve e is opened. In the exhaust passage D is a check valve d which
can open downwards but is pressed upwards by a light spring so as to close the
exhaust passage. This valve arrangement operates in the following manner.
When by means of the lever F, moved by a cam, the exhaust valve is opened,
the products of combustion.from the cylinder A pass the spring check valve dand
escape by the discharge pipe D; during this time the supply check valve c is
closed.
When the piston makes its outstroke to draw a charge into the cylinder, the
spring check valve d closes the discharge passage and combustible mixture entering
the passage Craises the supply check valve e and, the exhaust valve 6 being open,
passes into the cylinder, being heated in passing through the parts heated by the
previously discharged products of combustion.
"
1 .
For regulating the speed of the engine by the operation of the valves above
described, provide that the lever F which opens the exhaust valve and also the
oil supply valve e can be moved by either of two cams G and H as determined by
the governor. These cams are fixed on the valve motor shaft 1, and, on the
lever F is mounted a roller J which can be slid to and fro by any suitable governor
so as to face the one or the other of the two cams G and H., When, owing to
excess of speed, the cam G has. the roller J presented to it by the governor so as to
act on the lever, F,the exhaust valve is opened before the end of the, working
stroke, thus reducing the pressure acting on t the piston, and it is closed shortly
after the beginning of the return discharge stroke thus subjecting the piston to an
increasing,back.pressure.
יז
When the other cam H acts, which is the normal condition of the engine going

page_text: at moderate speed, the exhaust valve b is kept open throughout the discharge
stroke and the succeeding charging stroke, and the lever F makes sufficient stroke
to open also the oil supply valve e.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In an oil motor engine, arranging in the passage for discharge between the
exhaust valve and a spring check valve, the passage and valve for supply of com-
bustible charge, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
2. Working the exhaust valve by a lever moved by either of two cams on the
valve shaft according as a roller on the lever is moved by the governor to face the
one cam or the other, substantially as described.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.