Photographic Magazine Camera.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Jan., 1899-Accepted, 2nd Sept., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Photographic Magazine Camera.
I, ROBERT EDWARD PHILLIPS, of 70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., in the
County of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer and Chartered Patent Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention (which has been communicated to
me from abroad by Harry Dudley Haight and Lincoln Lawrence Cossitt, both
residents of the City of Chicago, in the County of Cook and State of Illinois,
one of the United States of America, Manufacturer), and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
The object of this invention is to provide a photographic magazine camera,
in which a number of sensitive plates can be stored and exposed one at a time
by manipulating an improved shutter, which is set and tripped at one operation,
either for an instantaneous or time exposure and from which the exposed plates
can be easily removed and placed by others when desired.
In the drawings:
:-
Figure 1 is a side view of said invention.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal central section therethrough.
Figure is a plan view of the same, showing the top thereof removed.
Figure 4 is a perspective view of the tray thereof withdrawn.
Figure 5 is a perspective view of one of the plate-holders of said camera.
Figure 6 is a top edge view of the same.
Figure 7 is a transverse vertical section of the camera taken on dotted line 7, 7,
Figure 1.
Figure 8 is a rear view of the front-board of the camera, showing the improved
shutter mechanism applied thereto.
Figure 9 is a similar view showing the shutter in the opposite position to that
shown in Figure 8, and having portions of the shutter mechanism broken away so
as to expose to view the differential exposure opening plate.
In the drawings A represents a rectangular box, the front-board of which is
provided with a suitable exposure opening 2, the opening and shutting of which is
controlled by the shutter inechanism hereinafter more fully described. A short
distance back of the front-board the camera is provided with a suitable transverse
partition, having a suitable lens 3 therein at a point in alinement with the
exposure opening in the front-board. In the upper part of the focus of the
camera are located one or two finding-lens which are suitably partitioned off
from the remainder of the box and are designed to aid the operator in aiming
the camera.
The rear end of the box is entirely open with the exception of a short drop-
wall A which partially closes the upper portion of the same, and this open
rear end is closed by a suitable cover A', which slides vertically in suitable
guide-grooves made in the vertical sides of the box, and is held in position by a
spring-dog 5. This dog consists of a flat vertical spring the lower end of which
is secured to the inner surface of said cover in such manner that the upper free-
гD 077

page_text: end thereof projects slightly above the upper rabbetted edge of the cover and is
provided with a short projection which faces towards the rear and catches in
a niche 6, made in the inner surface of the drop wall, when the cover is shoved
upwards to the limit of its upper movement, to close the rear of the box. This
spring is provided at a suitable point near its free-end with an outwardly project-
ing push-button 7, which projects out through a suitable opening made therefor
in the cover in such manner as to prevent the ingress of light to the box, and so
that by pressing inwards on it said spring-dog can be made to release itself from
the niche in the drop-wall.
Placed in the bottom of this box is a tray consisting of a rectangular shaped
board C, which is of such dimensions that it fits snugly within and covers the floor
of the box, and has its forward edge entering a horizontal groove a¹ at the foot of
the front of the partition next the floor. Near the rear edge of this tray it is
provided with two longitudinally arranged corresponding rails b, b, each consist-
ing of an inverted U-shape wire frame the ends of which are suitably fastened in
the tray and the horizontal portions of which extend in a plane parallel to each
other and edges of said tray adjacent to which they are respectively located.
Placed between the forward vertical portions of rails 6, and, preferably, in
about the same vertical plane are corresponding posts c¹, c¹, which are about the
same height as said rails and preferably have their ends b₁ beveled. Immediately
to the rear of these posts and the forward vertical portions of rails 6 is a trans-
versely arranged vertical wall 62 of suitable material the height of which is such
that it passes under the horizontal portions of the rails, and which assists in
confining the plate-holders when, after exposing the plates, they are stored, face
down, one on top of the other, upon the forward part of the tray, as will herein-
after be more explained, and also assists in excluding the light from the exposure
chamber should the sliding back or cover A¹ be leaky.
The sensitive plates are carried in rectangular-plate holders E, each of which
consists of pieces of thin sheet metal the vertical edges of which are rolled
back over their bodies to form guide-ways g, g, for holding the edges of the said
sensitive plate, which is slid therein. Near the upper edge of the plate-holder
it is provided with slightly projecting ears g¹, g¹, for limiting the upward move-
ment of the sensitive plate, and near the lower edge it is provided with a similar
projecting lobe or car gå for preventing the plate from voluntary detachment from
said holder, which, like cars g¹, is made by making a segmental slit in the metal
and pushing the metal of the holder laterally so as to displace said segmental edge
beyond the plane of the body of the holder to present a shoulder. The flexibility
of the metal of the holder permits the plate to be forced past lobe 9 when inserting
or withdrawing them from the holder. Near the lower edge of this holder are
two openings E, E¹, which are separated a distance corresponding to that between
posts C, and are located an equal distance on each side of the center of width
of the holder, and between these openings E¹, and the vertical edges of said holder
it is provided with recesses F, F, that are located a distance apart corresponding
to that of rails b.
These plate-holders are placed edgewise upon rails b, b, in such manner that the
rails enter the recesses F, F, and when charging the camera, the first plate-
holder inserted is pushed forward on the rails until its upper edge is intercepted
by a suitably located downwardly projecting finger d of a pawl D and its lower
edge is intercepted by the upper ends of posts C, C. This pawl D is secured to the
lower end of a short spindle that is journaled in the top of the box and is turned
by a milled knob or suitable hand-grasp secured to its upper extended end, and
it is kept in a normal position by a coil contraction spring e arranged transversely
near the rear of the box with one end secured to, the rearwardly extending
shorter arm of pawl D and the other end to the box. The finger d of pawl I
is adapted to engage an off-set k in the upper edge of the holder E at about it
center of length, which off-set is made by making a vertical slit in the upper edg
in said upper edge, and then punching the metal to one side so as to separate th

page_text: edges of the slit and form a passage for the finger d to move through when the
pawl is operated.
After the sensitive plate in the forwardmost plate-holder, the latter is released
by simply turning pawl D until its finger d passes through the off-set of the
holder, thereby pushing it forward and causing it to face downwards upon the
tray in front of the rails, in such manner that the posts C, C, project through
openings E, E¹. The fall of the plates as they drop downwards, is broken by
their front edge coming in contact with a serrated edged arm o, which is pivoted
to a vertical cleat secured to the partition and is kept at an angle to its support
so as to intercept and ease the fall of the plate-holder by means of a leaf-spring P
bearing against the laterally turned end of the shorter branch thereof, as shown.
This armo also serves the further purpose of preventing the plate-holders from
falling off the posts C should the camera by accident become inverted.
In order to move the plate-holders forward every time the front plate is
exposed and then removed we provide a U-shape wire pressure arm the ends of
which are coiled and are housed in suitable knuckles r, r, secured to the tray near
the rear edge of the same, about as shown. These knuckles consist of a suitably
shaped strip of sheet metal having their ends secured by screws or otherwise to
the tray and the portions of their length between said secured ends bowed upward
to form the housing for the coiled ends of said arms, which latter are inserted
therein from the inner side. The outer edge of each knuckle nearest the front of
the tray is undercut to form a shoulder v under which the extremity of the coiled
ends of the arm Q is caught and held, and the rear edge of the rear end portion
of each knuckle is extended and bent vertically upwards a suitable distance and
the inner contiguous edge of these vertical extensions are provided with an under-
cut shoulder s. When the U-shaped arm is moved backwards to the limit of its
downward movement the parallel portions of the U-shaped arm catch under these
shoulders s; thus keeping the said arm out of the way while inserting the plate-
holders in the camera, and affording a hand-grasp with which to assist when with-
drawing the tray from the camera. When the desired number of filled plate-
holders are properly inserted in the camera, the arm P is released from under
the shoulders ss by squeezing the parallel branches thereof together, whereupon
the contraction of its coiled ends causes it to move upwards until its horizontal
portion presses forward against the blank back-plate R of the plate-holders which
it constantly presses forward against.
This back-plate R consists of a rectangular plate whose width is slightly greater
than that of the plate-holders, and it is provided with recesses in its lower edge
for the reception of the rails but has neither openings El nor off-set k, nor plate
retaining ear or lobes. Its vertical side edges are not folded over to form guide-
ways, but extend forward quite a distance to form parallel wings T, T, which are
arranged at right angles to the plane of the plate proper substantially. The
wings of this back plate extend forward on each side of the plate-holders, and the
outer surface of one or both of these wings are provided with a horizontally
arranged series of numeral n arranged consecutively from 1 on up according to the
number of plates with which it is intended to charge the camera. The numerals
are, preferably, white, and as the sensitive plates are exposed, and moved out of
focus one at a time, and the remaining plate-holders are pushed forward by the
pressure of arm Q, these numerals n show back of a display opening m to indicate
either the number of plates exposed or the number of unexposed plates remaining
in the camera. The light from this display opening is kept from the interior of
the camera by reason of the close contact of said wings against the inner darkened
surface of the side walls of the same. When the plate in the last plate-holder is
exposed and is moved out of focus, in the manner hereinbefore described, the
back-plate is intercepted by coming in contact with the finger d of the pawl D and
the tops of the posts, and is there held to assist in excluding any possibly light
that might possibly leak in around the edges of the cover until the camera is
opened in a dark room or other appropriate place.

page_text: Secured to the rear surface of the front-board of the camera is a suitable support-
ing-plate to which the shutter and actuating mechanism therefor is attached,
as will hereinafter be more fully explained, and which is provided with a suitable
exposure opening S therein that corresponds in location with the exposure opening
in said front-board.
Between this front-board and supporting-plate is a chamber made by depressing
the rear surface of the said front-board, in which a sector-shaped plate 9 is placed
and pivoted at such a point that one of the differential exposure-openings 10
therein, when it is turned properly, will come in concentric alinement back of the
exposure-opening in the front-board according to the distance of the object or view
is desired to photograph. The pivotal center of this plate 9 is suitably secured
to the inner end of a short spindle that extends through the front-board and
has a finger-grasp or button on its forward end, which is seated in a countersink,
by means of which it is turned, and this plate 9, when it is moved so that one
of its exposure-openings aline concentrically with the opening in said front-board,
is removably held in such position safe from accidental displacement by means of
a spring-pawl 12, the suitably bent free-end of which bears against the segmental
edge thereof and snaps into one of the niches or recesses 11 therein. The move-
ment of this plate 9 is limited by means of tongues 13, 13, punched inwards from
plate 7, although the surrounding walls of the depression in which it is seated
could be depended upon for this purpose, if desired.
"
time
"
Pivoted to the rear of the supporting-plate 7, at a point preferably intersected
by an imaginary line extending at an angles of forty-five degree towards the
lower left hand corner of said supporting-plate from the center of the exposure
opening, by a suitable rivet, screw, or equivalent device passing through it at or
near its focus, is a sheet metal sector-shaped shutter 15 of such dimensions that
its contours almost describe a quadrant. This shutter is provided with an
exposure opening 14 located at a central point near and between the ends of its
curved edge, and so that when the shutter is moved said opening will aline with
said lens for a greater or less period of time. Shutter 15 moves the full extent of
its throw when making an instantaneous exposure, and but one half its throw
when making a
exposure. Its greatest movement is limited by two
stop-lugs 16 and 17, which are made by punching outwards tongues of metal from
the supporting plate, and its shortest movement is obtained by pressing the bent
end of a spring-dog 18, which is located in the same plane as that intersecting
the pivot of the shutter and the exposure opening 8, towards and over the edge
of the shutter where it intercepts a finger 19 projecting out from the center of
length of the curved edge of the same. In order to press this spring-dog towards
said shutter we employ an oblong head 20 secured to the adjacent end of a short
spindle which is journaled at a suitable point in the front-board and has its
forward end provided with a suitable index arm by means of which said spindle is
rocked to turn the head 20 to the position shown in Figure 1 to cause the spring-
dog to limit the movement of the shutter, or to the position shown in Figure 2 to
permit the maximum movement of the shutter.
Pivoted to plate 7 at a point below the plane of the shutter and intersected 4
by the same plane passing through the exposure opening 8, and the center of
movement of the shutter, is a cam 21. The side edge of this cam nearest the
vertical plane of opening 8, is provided with two straight planes arranged sub-
stantially at right angles to each other so that the apex, where they meet, will,
when the shutter is set for a time exposure, as shown in Figure 8, be intercepted
by a horizontal plane coming slightly below the center of the same.
The straight
portion of this edge located above the angle X terminates in a shoulder made by
providing said cam with arm 22. The oscillatory movement of this cam is limited
by means of another arm 24 extending to and moving between the stop-pins 23, 23
_ also made by punching out short tongues of metal from plate 7. In order to 5
communicate the movement of this cam to the shutter a link 25 is provided, which
consists of a flat comparatively long strip of sheet metal having a longitudinal

page_text: disposed slot 26 in it about its center of length, through which extends a headed
stud 27 projecting from the end of arm 22. The end of said link adjacent to the
shutter is bifurcated and the bifurcations extend on each side and under the head
of a stud 28 projecting outwards from said shutter at a point between and inter-
secting by an imaginary line drawn from its pivotal center to the center of the
exposure-opening therein. At the other end of the link it is provided with
a hooked pin 29, and connecting this pin 29 and stud 27 is a coil con-
traction spring 30. The action of this connection between shutter and cam is
such that when the cam is moved in one direction the shutter, the moment the
link moves past the point where its length alines with the plane intersecting the
pivotal center of the shutter and opening 8, is forced in the opposite direction, and
moreover each movement of the cam both shuts and trips the shutter.
In order to facilitate the passage of stud 27 out through slot 26 of the link, the
end thereof operating over the shutter is enlarged, and then the link is moved
longitudinally into its normal position so that the shoulders of the head of said
overlap the edges of said opening and guide the movements of said link.
Engaging the straight portions of the edge of cam 21 is a reciprocal pawl or
push-bar 31, which consists of a straight strip of thin sheet metal placed edgewise
to and extending horizontally from a point near said cam to near the right hand
edge of the front-board of the camera, to which it is movably held by a suitable
guide-staple 32, located, preferably, about as shown. The reciprocations of this
pawl are determined by lugs 33, 33, arising from the outer edge of the same on
each side of the staple 32, and said pawl is normally kept at the limit of its move-
ment farthest from said cam by a spring arm 34, the extremity of which enters a
suitable recess made in the outer edge of said pawl, and which extends from and
forms an integrant of the same plate 35 from which spring-dog 18 extends. The
staple 32 is so disposed that the end portion of the pawl is free to bend upwards
or downwards the necessary distance to engage either the uppermost or lowermost
straight edge of the cam until stopped by the shoulders formed at each end of said
edges to move the cam into one position or the other.
66
The pawl or
push-bar" may be operated by the operator simply pressing his
finger on the laterally turned end of the same farthest from the cam. In this
event the outer end of the pawl is extended beyond the side edge of the front-
board. In order to actuate the pawl pneumatically, the bent end of the same is
terminated at a point just inside the walls of the camera box, and a thimble 43
is inserted in the same, the outer screwthreaded end of which projects slightly
beyond the box to receive the interiorly threaded cap 36. This cap 36 has a short
hollow stub 37 projecting therefrom over which the end of a rubber tube 38 is
forced that connects with and leads to a rubber-bulb of any suitable description..
Every time the bulb is compressed a piston operating in the bore of the thimble
is forced against the contiguous bent end of the pawl with sufficient pressure to
operate the same. This piston may be of any suitable construction. That in the
drawings consists of a central bolt 39 having a washer 40 next its headed end and
washer 41 and disk 42 with suitable packing between them at the other end, and
all of such diameter that they can move easily in the bore of the thimble.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
-
First. In a camera a series of automatically forwardly movable plate holders
placed edgewise one back of the other, and a back-plate placed behind and
following the same having a side wing projecting at right angles thereto, and
having a series of numerals arranged thereon, in combination with a camera box
having an opening in its side back of which as said plates move forward said
numerals are displayed.
Second. In a camera a series of automatically forwardly movable plate holders
placed edgewise one back of the other, and a back-plate placed behind and

page_text: following the same, having a side wing projecting at right angles thereto and
having a series of numerals arranged thereon, in combination with a camera box
having an opening in its side back of which as said back plate moves said numerals
are displayed, and an automatically returnable oscillatory pawl adapted to engage
the upper edge of the forwardmost plate holder, to move the same out of focus and
bring into focus the next following plate.
Third. In a camera the combination with a series of independent plate holders,
in combination with a removable tray upon which said plate holders are placed
edgewise one back of the other, and a spring actuated pushing device mounted
upon the rear of said tray which bears against the rear plate of said series and
every time the forwardmost plate is released and moved out of focus pushes the
said series forward so as to bring the next following plate into focus.
Fourth. In a camera the combination with a series of independent plate
holders in combination with a removable tray upon which said plate holders are
placed edgewise one back of the other, and a spring actuated pushing device
mounted upon the rear of said tray which is adapted to swing back and be re-
movably held to form a handle with which to manipulate said tray, and which,
then released, bears against the rear plate holder of said series and every time the
forwardmost plate is released and moved out of focus pushes the said series forward
so as to bring the next following plate into focus.
Fifth. In a camera the combination with a series of automatically forwardly
movable plate holders placed edgewise one back of the other and each provided
with an off-set in the upper edge thereof, substantially as described, of a suitable
box and an oscillatory pawl pivoted therein above said holders and having a single
downwardly projecting finger which is adapted to engage the upper edge of the
forwardmost plate holder so that the same will fall downwards in front of the focal
point of said camera, as set forth.
Sixth. In a camera the combination with suitable longitudinally arranged
parallel rails, post between the forward ends of said rails, and a series of auto-
matically forwardly movable plate holders placed edgewise one back of the other
portions next their lower edges in longitudinal alinement with said posts, of an
oscillatory pawl adapted to engage the upper edges of the forwardmost plate holder
and cause the same to fall face downwards so that said posts will enter the opening
in the plate holder made to receive it, as set forth.
Seventh. In a camera the combination with a plate holder having an off-set
in its upper edge substantially as described and having an opening therein near
its lower edge, of suitably arranged parallel rails upon which said plate is placed
edgewise, a post placed between and in the same transverse plane as the forward
ends of said rails, a box and an automatically returnable oscillatory pawl pivoted
therein above said plate which is adapted to engage the off-set in the upper edge
of the plate holder, as and for the purpose set forth.
Eighth. In a camera the combination with a tray, suitable longitudinally
arranged parallel rails thereon, one or more posts on said tray located between the
forward ends of said rails, and a series of automatically forwardly movable plate
holders placed edgewise one back of the other on said rails and each having
openings. in their lower edges in longitudinal alinement with said posts, an
automatically returnable oscillatory pawl adapted to engage the upper edges of the
forwardmost plate holder as and for the purpose set forth.
Ninth. In a camera the combination with a plate holder having an off-set in
its upper edge as specified, having indentations in its lower edge and having one
or more openings near said lower edge between said indentations, of suitably
arranged parallel rails upon which said plate holder is placed so that said rails
enter said indentations, one or more vertical posts placed between and in the same
transverse plane as the forward end of said rails, and an automatically returnable
oscillatory pawl pivoted above said plate holder and adapted to engage said off-set
in the upper edge of the plate holder as and for the purpose set forth.
Tenth. In a camera the combination with a plate holder having an off-set

page_text: in its upper edge as specified, and having indentations in its lower edge and
openings therein near said lower edge between the indentations, of a suitable
removable tray, parallel rails arranged longitudinally near the rear end of said
tray upon which said plate is placed edgewise, one or more posts arising from
said tray between and in the same transverse plane as the forward ends of said
rails, a suitable box, and an oscillatory pawl pivoted above said plate holder in
the top of the box and adapted to engage the off-set in the upper edge of said plate
holder, as and for the purpose set forth.
Eleventh. In a camera a plate holder having its side edges bent back over
itself to form guideways and having an off-set in its upper edge, as and for the
purpose set-forth.
Twelfth. In a camera a plate holder having its side edges bent back over itself
to form guideways, having an off-set in its upper edge substantially as specified
and having a post-opening near its lower edge, as set forth.
.
Thirteenth. In a camera a plate holder having its side edges bent back over
itself to form guide-ways, having an off-set in its upper edge, having indentations
in its lower edge and having post-openings therein near its lower edge as set
forth.
Fourteenth. In a camera a shutter having a segmental movement and provided
with an exposure-opening therein, in combination with a spring actuated link
pivoted to a cam, said cam, and devices for intermittently moving said cam, as
set forth.
Fifteenth. The combination with the front-board of a camera having an
exposure-opening therein, a shutter having a segmental movement and provided
with an exposure opening, devices for occasionally limiting said shutter to one
half its maximum movement, of a cam, devices for intermittently moving said
cam, and a spring actuating link pivoted to said cam and normally pushing
radially against said shutter, as set forth.
Sixteenth. In a camera the combination with a shutter having a segmental
movement, a cam having one side edge provided with two converging straight
planes arranged at a suitable angle to each other, and devices for imparting the
motion of said cam to said shutter, of a longitudinally reciprocal pawl arranged
in about the same horizontal plane as the center of said cam and adapted to engage
the edge of the same first on one side and then the other side of the vertex of said
converging planes as set forth.
Seventeenth. The combination in a camera with a shutter having a segmental
movement, a cam having one side edge provided with two converging straight
planes arranged at a suitable angle to each other, and devices for imparting the
inotion of said cam to said shutter, of an automatically returnable longitudinally
reciprocal pawl arranged in about the same horizontal plane as the center of said
cam, and adapted to engage the edge of the same first on one side and then on
the other side of the vertex of said converging straight edges, as set forth.
Eighteenth. The combination in a camera with a shutter having a segmental
movement and an automatically returnable longitudinally reciprocal pawl, and
devices for imparting the motion of said pawl to said shutter, of a thimble, a
piston reciprocal therein, a metal cap for the outer end of said thimble, a tube
leading outwards from said cap and a pneumatic bulb, as and for the purpose
set forth.
Nineteenth. In a camera the combination with a shutter having a segmental
movement and provided with an exposure opening, a cam having one side edge-
provided with two converging straight planes arranged at a suitable angle to each
other, and a link having a longitudinally arranged slot therein which is pivotally
connected to said cam by means of a stud projecting through said slot and a coil
contraction spring connecting said stud and the end of the link adjacent to said
cam, of a longitudinally arranged reciprocal pawl moving in about the same
horizontal plane as the center of said cam and adapted to engage the same first on

page_text: one side and then the other side of the vertex of the converging straight edges of
said cam, as set forth.
Twentieth. The combination in a camera with the shutter, of a reciprocal
automatically returnable pawl and spring devices connecting said pawl and shutter
which are adapted to both set and trip said shutter with each actuating thrust of 5
said pawl, as set forth.
000
Dated this 81st day of January
1000
1000
ROBERT E. PHILLIPS, Assoc. M. Inst. C. E., M. I. Mech. E.,
Chartered Patent Agent,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.