Improvements in Insulated Conductors.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Mar., 1893-Accepted, 22nd Apr., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Insulated Conductors.
I GEORGE JOHN WIGLEY JACKSON of No. 155 Hancock Street in the City
of Brooklyn, in the County of Kings and State of New York, United States of
America, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in insulated conductors, in which one or
more air channels are provided in the conductor itself, between it and its exterior
coating of insulating material.
A practical embodiment of my invention is represented in the accompanying
drawings, in which-
Figure represents a form of the conductor in which three or more thin wings
radiate from a common centre.
Figure 2 represents a similar form in cross section, the conductor being shown-as¯
twisted, instead of straight, as in Figure 1.
Figure 3 represents a form of conductor in which a solid central body is provided,
with one or more flat sides.
Figure 4 is a view of a conductor in which a solid body portion is provided with
one or more concave sides.
Figure 5 is a view of a hollow or tubular conductor, shown as formed by winding
a flat strip of conducting material with the edge of each succeeding coil over-
lapping the edge of a preceding coil.
Figure 6 is a view of a hollow or tubular conductor, shown as formed of a strip
of flat material, with the edge of a succeeding coil shown as abutting against the
edge of a preceding coil, leaving a smooth exterior surface.
Figure 7 is a view of a conductor formed by a twisted flat strip of conducting
material; and
Figures 1, 3, 54, and 7ª, represent cross sections of the forms of conductors
shown respectively in Figures 1, 3, 5, and 7.
The wings of the conductor represented in Figure 1 are indicated by a, a', a³
and a³, and radiate from a common axis A. The conductor may be formed by
rolling a bar of copper or other suitable conducting material into the winged form
represented.
A covering of insulating material is represented by B, and may be laid or wound
on, as may be found desirable. In the present instance, I have represented it as a
flat strip of insulating material wound on the conductor in spiral form.
.
When the conductor is constructed with its wings in right lines, as in Figure 1,
the air channels or spaces formed between the wings and the insulating material
will be substantially parallel with the axis of the conductor, but, when the conductor
is twisted in the forin represented in Figure 2, the said air channels or spaces will
extend spirally around the axis.
In the forms shown in Figures 3 and 4, the air channels or spaces will be formed
between the flat or concave faces c, c¹ and the coating of insulating material, and
this coating will naturally occupy a position apart from the surface of said faces.
It is intended that the insulating covering shall be of sufficient stiffness to hold
itself away from said faces where they are flat.
In the form of conductor represented in Figure 5, a spiral air channel will be
formed on the exterior of the conductor, or between the insulating covering, the
outer face of the strip E, and the overlapping edge e of a coil, and there will also
be formed an air space or channel within the tubular conductor throughout its
length.

page_text: In the form shown in Figure 6, there will be an air space or channel formed on
the interior only of the tubular conductor.
In the form of conductor shown in Figure 7, there will be a winding air channel
or space between the opposite edges of the strip, the cover of insulating material
being held away from the surface of the strip of conducting material by its contact
with the winding edges.
It is obvious that three, or more than four, thin radiating wings might be formed.
instead of the four as represented. The number four is, however, selected as that
which experience has proved to be the most feasible for purposes of manufacture,
taken in connection with the efficiency of the conductor. The spiral twisted form
of the conductor is also preferred in general use, because of its being more supple
than where the wings are arranged straight. An electric conductor, constructed
as above, has the advantage of a great extent of conducting surface, and at the
same time provides for an efficient insulation of said conducting surface, by the
retention of a volume of air between the conducting surface and the interior of
the insulating covering.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An insulated conductor, comprising a suitable electric conductor having one
or more air spaces or channels extending longitudinally along the conductor, and a
covering of insulating material surrounding the conductor, substantially as set
forth.
2. An insulated electric conductor, comprising an electric conductor having
wings radiating from a common axis, in combination with a covering of insulating
material forming air spaces or channels intermediate of the wings and covering,
substantially as set forth.
3. An insulated electric conductor, comprising an electric conductor having one
one more channels extending along the exterior of a solid conductor, and enclosed
by the exterior of the conductor and the surrounding covering of insulating
material, substantially as set forth.
4. An insulated electric conductor comprising an electric conductor having air
spaces or channels extending along the interior, or along both the interior and
exterior of the conductor, in combination with a coating of insulating material,
forming, in connection with the conductor, a closure for said air spaces or channels,
substantially as set forth.
5. An insulated electric conductor, comprising an electric conductor having a
winding air space or channel extending along its exterior face, in combination with
an exterior coating of insulating material, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 21st day of March 1893.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.