improvements in Generating and superneating Steam.
Year: 1887

page_text: improvements in Generating and superneating Steam.
I OREL DIGHTON ORVIS, of St. Georges Club, Hanover Square, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
The objects of this invention are to increase the steaming power or capacity of
Lancashire or Cornish boilers without increasing the consumption of fuel, to obtain a
better or more complete circulation of the water in the boiler than heretofore, and
also to provide for superheating the steam if required, and the invention consists in
effecting these objects by means of a novel arrangement of series of water tubes in
the flue or flues of the boiler setting, said tubes being in connection with opposite.
ends of the boiler.
In the accompanying Drawings:-
Fig. 1, Sheet I, is a front elevation of a Lancashire boiler with my invention applied
thereto.
Fig. 2 is an end view of the boiler with the back wall of the setting removed.
Fig. 3, Sheet II, is a side elevation of a Lancashire boiler, the brickwork at the side
being removed in order to show my invention applied thereto.
Fig. 4 is a plan view of the arrangement of the tubes, the boiler being shown in
dotted lines only.
A is the boiler proper with its flues A' A', and B B' are the flues in the setting.
The fire bars of the furnace and the bridge wall are shewn in dotted lines in
Fig. 3.
At the point C, Figs. 1 and 3, which is usually the position of the blow-off cock,
the boiler is connected with a box or header D carried by a series of tubes E,
which project through and are supported by the front wall of the setting for that
purpose.
These tubes, of which there may be five, are arranged with a slight downward
nclination in the flue B, and are connected at their rear ends to a drum F placed
ransversely of the flue.

page_text: The feed water may be introduced to this drum, instead of direct into the boiler as
heretofore, but in most cases the ordinary feed arrangement may be maintained, more
especially when the apparatus is to be used for the purpose of superheating the
steam.
Extending with an upward inclination from this drum F to the back of the boiler,
and thence vertically to a second drum box or header G placed outside the setting,
and in connection with the upper part or steam space of the boiler, are two sets of
tubes HH, of say four tubes each. The vertical portions of each set of these
tubes HH is arranged in front of one of the flues A¹ of the boiler, and at such a
distance from the boiler as to leave space for a man to get into the said flues A¹ when
required.
In each of the side flues B¹ of the setting 1 arrang a series of auxiliary tubes,
each series being in connection with the drum F by a pipe a a. Each series of tubes
consists of a box or header I placed vertically in the flue B¹, and a similar box or
header I arranged in and flush with the front wall of the setting at a higher level
than the box I, and with its front exposed to view, the two boxes being connected
together by the tubes 12, of which there may, be ten. The boxes 1' are cach con-
nected with the steam space of the boiler A by suitable steam pipes bb. The drum F
is provided with a blow off pipe K, by which any mud or sediment collected therein
may be blown out from time to time. As the drum F is the lowest point, the tendency
of the mud or sediment will be to settle there.
Provision is also made for cleaning out each separate tube if and when necessary.
Such provision may take the form of plugs, which are inserted in the drums, boxes,
or headers opposite the end of each tube As all the tubes will be straight, no
difficulty will be experienced in cleaning them by means of a brush, scraper, or other
appliance.
With the exception of the drum F, all these plugs are exposed on the outside of
the boiler setting, as shewn in the drawings. The plugs in drum F can be readily
got at by entering the flue B.
Although I do not intend to confine myself to the dimensions to be given, 1 may
state that the sizes of the tubes and pipes which I prefer to use are, for the tubes .
Hand H', three inches, the tubes 12 two inches, and the pipes a and bone and a half
inch. The sizes of the drums, boxes, or headers, will vary according to requirements,
but in any case will be as small as they conveniently can be. The number of the
tubes in each series may of course vary according to the size of the boiler and flues.
When the feed takes place through the drum F, I prefer to connect the supply pipe
with one (say the centre one) of the tubes E. The water rises gradually, filling the
tubes H H and I and the boiler, and so long as the water is maintained at the proper
level in the boiler, the tubes will also be full.
A cock or valve is placed at each of the points C, G', and ', so that should any
accident occur to any of the tubes, they may be thrown out of work, the boiler alone
remaining in work.
The circulation of the water, which prevents the accumulation of extraneous inatters
in the pipes and the boiler, and causes all sediment to settle in the drum F, as before
referred to, will commence at the point (, the water passing in the direction of the
arrows to the drum F, and through the tubes H H to the boiler at G¹, and through
the pipes a band tubes I to the boiler at b.
The gases of combustion will pass from the flues A' downwards along the flue B,
and thence by the inclined connecting passages B2 to the flues B', heating the
tubes H HE and I2 on their way to the chimney.
It will be understood that the boiler setting may be arranged in any other manner,
and that the mode of setting shown is merely an example. It will be evident, also,
that some slight modification will be required in adapting the invention to a Cornish
boiler, for instance, the set of tubes H' may be dispensed with.
A great advantage to be gained by the use of my invention, is, that the boilers
become practically safety boilers, for should danger of explosion arise, the tubes will
be the first to go, and the pressure would at once be relieved. At the same time, 'due

page_text: notice would be given that something was wrong, and immediate steps could be taken
to avoid further destruction.
The risk of injury to the attendant from scalding will also be practically obviated,
for the tubes being contained in the flues, the escaped steam would pass to the chimney,
while by shutting off the cock C, the flow of water to the tubes would be prevented,
and as the water issuing from the burst tubes would not come into contact with the
fire, the sudden generation of steam would be avoided.
When employing my invention to superheat steam, I simply close the cock or
valve which shuts off the flow of water to the series of tubes. When the water in
these tubes has been converted into steam, they will be free for the passage of steam
from the boiler, and all the series of tubes being connected together and with opposite
ends of the steam space of the boiler, a perfect circulation of the moist steam will
take place through the tubes, where it will be dried by the heat in the flues. In some
cases may prefer to draw off the dry steam by the pipe K. Thus, without any
alteration of, or addition to my arrangement of apparatus, it will be available either
for generating or superheating the steam as required.
This constitutes a special feature of my invention, and one which will be greatly
appreciated by those manufacturers who, for the purposes of their manufacture, require
large quantities of dry steam.
In applying my invention to a boiler, it will be necessary to tap the boiler in two
places only, namely, at the points G¹ and b¹, and
to the application of tubes to Lancashire and and any objection that might be raised
capacity, or for the purpose of super-heating steam, will thus be met.
boilers, to increase the steaming
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of
my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. The combination with a Lancashire or Cornish boiler, of series of water tubes
placed in the flues of the boiler setting, and arranged to draw water from the bottom
of the boiler, and discharge into the upper part thereof, substantially as herein shown
and described, and for the purposes set forth.
2nd. The arrangement of series of water tubes in connection with a Lancashire or
Cornish boiler as herein shewn and described, whereby not only is additional steam
producing surface provided, and thorough circulation of the water ensured, but the
superheating of the steam produced in the boiler proper may be effected when required
as set forth.
3rd. The use for superheating steam, of series of water tubes arranged in the flues
of the boiler setting, and connected with opposite ends of the steam space of a
Lancashire or Cornish boiler, substantially as described.
11
3011 1
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.