IMPROVE- MENTS IN TEXTILE FABRICS, AND IN THE APPARATUS OR MEANS EMPLOYED FOR SESAMEN MED ÅMD
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Stewart, of Hamilton, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN TEXTILE FABRICS, AND IN THE APPARATUS OR MEANS EMPLOYED FOR
SESAMEN MED ÅMD
"
Sealed the 24th December 1867, and dated the 29th June 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Stewart at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th June 1867.
I, ALEXANDER STEWART, of Hamilton, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TEXTILE FABRICS, AND IN THE APPARATUS OR MEANS
EMPLOYED FOR EFFECTING THE SAME," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its essential object the production of a certain new
and improved figured appearance upon that class of goods known as fancy
dress cloths, and it consists in a certain mode of printing some of the warp
threads only. During the time of printing and until the colour with which
those of the threads which are printed has become dry the unprinted and
printed parts of the warp are kept separate from each other in the following
manner: The threads which are to be printed are kept at the upper side of
the blanket, whilst those which are unprinted are maintained at the under
side of the blanket, so that the blocks or rollers with which the threads
are printed act only upon those which are situated at the upper side of the
warp

page_text: blanket. The printed threads as they leave the printing blocks or rollers
pass over drying cans, after which the printed and unprinted threads are
wound up together on a warp beam ready for being put into the loom. It
may be here stated that the appearance is produced by printing every
alternate thread or every alternate pair of threads, or two printed threads may
be separated by one unprinted thread.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alexander Stewart in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 26th December 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME I, ALEXANDER
STEWART, of Hamilton, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her. heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Alexander Stewart, Her special license that I, the said Alexander Stewart,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Alex-
ander Stewart, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TEXTILE
FABRICS, AND IN THE APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR EFFECTING THE SAME," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Alexander Stewart, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alexander Stewart, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
My said Invention which has for its essential object the production of certain

page_text: new and improved figured appearances upon that class of goods known as
fancy dress cloths, and it consists in a certain mode of printing some of the
warp threads only. During the time of printing, and until the colour with
which those of the threads which are printed has become dry, the unprinted
and printed parts of the warp are kept separate from each other in the
following manner :-The threads which are to be printed are kept at the
upper side of the blanket, so that the block or blocks, or rollers with which
the warp threads are printed act only upon those which are situated at the
upper side of the blanket; the printed threads as they leave the printing
block or blocks or rollers pass over drying cans, after which the printed and
unprinted threads are wound up together on a warp beam ready for being put
into the loom. It may be here stated that the appearance is produced by
printing every alternate thread, or every alternate pair of threads, or two
printed threads may be separated by one or more unprinted threads.
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood I now
proceed more particularly to set forth a system, mode, or manner in or under
which the same is or may be used or practically carried into effect, reference
being had, for the sake of more complete elucidation, to the letters and
figures upon the explanatory Sheet of Drawings, which I have hereunto
appended, that is to say :-
Figure 1 is a side elevation, and Figure 2 a plan of the single colour warp
printing machine.
Upon the framing A of the machine is fixed the printing table B, on the
top of which the warp to be printed passes from the beam C and over guide
rollers D. Between the warp and the printing table B the blanket E passes,
carried forward at the same time as the warp C by the roller F, which is
driven by the spur pinion G; H is a metallic vessel or can known as a
steam can on which the blanket is dried; 1 is a tin cylinder carried in the
brackets K; L is the beam on which the part of the warp which is to be left
unprinted is wound; M, the reed, and N the beam on which the printed and
unprinted parts of the warp are wound; O is a drum resting upon the beam N
to cause the warp to be uniformly wound on it. The beam N is turned by
means of the handle P and the pinions Q; R is a ratchet provided with two
palls S to prevent the warp running back. The beams C and L are provided
with weights W for the purpose of keeping the warp threads tight; T is a
steam pipe by which steam is conducted to the cylinder I, and the can H,
and U the exhaust pipe; V is a breast board to prevent the workman soiling
the warp.
The mode of operating with the machine is as follows:-The part of the

page_text: warp to be printed is wound upon the beam C, and the part to be left clean is
wound upon the beam L; the ends of the two parts of the warp are then
connected to the beam N. The block on which the pattern is cut and which
is charged with dye is now placed on the part of the warp which rest on
the printing table B and stamped down upon it; the pattern block is then
removed, and the part of the warp which is printed is drawn forward by
means of the handle P and gearing Q; the pattern block is again applied and
the operation proceeds as before, the block being applied by hand in the
ordinary manner of block printing. As the printed warp passes round the
heated cylinder I it is dried and joins the clean warp from the beam L, and
both parts are wound on the beam N. By means of the pinions G the blanket
is drawn forward at the same speed as the warp, and is dried as it passes
over the can H, which is heated with steam.
Figure 3 is a side elevation, and Figure 4'a plan of a machine for printing
two colours at a time, the warp is divided into three parts The part a to be
left unprinted is wound upon a beam A; one of the parts 6 to be printed is
wound upon the beam B, and the other parts c upon the beam C; D, D, the
rollers guiding the warp over the printing tables E, E. F, F', are the steam
cylinders for drying the printed yarn; one of these cylinders F¹ may or may not
be used; G, the beam upon which the different parts of the warp are wound
after being printed; H is a drum resting upon the beam G to cause the warp
to be uniformly wound on it. The warp is wound upon the beam G by means
of the handle I and the spur pinions J, and K is a ratchet provided with two
palls L to prevent the warp running back; M is a guide roller conducting the
parts of the warp c to the cylinder F. Steam is supplied to the cylinders F, F,
and the steam cans N, N, by the pipes O, O, provided with suitable cocks,
and P, P, the exhaust pipes; Q, Q, the guide rollers for the blankets R, R,
driven by the pinions V, V, at the same speed as the warp; S, S¹, S', are
weights for keeping the warp a and c tight; T, T, are breast boards to
prevent the workmen soiling the warp; U, a reed for guiding that part of the
warp a.
The mode of operating the machine is as follows:-The warp is divided
into three parts, a, b, and c; the part a to be left unprinted is wound upon the
beam A; the part 6 is wound upon the beam B to be printed one colour or
pattern, and the part c upon the beam C is printed another or the same
colour or pattern; the ends of the three parts are then connected to the
beam G. The pattern block is then applied by hand, as in the ordinary
manner of block printing, to the part of the warp b and c resting on the
printing tables E, E; after the pattern has been stamped on the pattern

page_text: block is removed, and the printed parts are drawn forward by means of the
handle I and the gearing J; the pattern block is again applied, and the opera-
tion proceeds as before. The printed parts of the warp are dried by the heated
cylinders F, F, and unite with the clean part in passing round the cylinder F,
whence it is wound on the beam G as the work advances.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is or may be used and carried out into practice, I desire to
observe that I do not claim any separate part of the apparatus for printing
warps in the manner I have herein set forth, neither do I confine myself
to the precise mode of effecting the printing; but what I do consider novel
and original, and therefore lay claim to as the Invention secured to me
by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,
First, the printing of every alternate warp thread, or every alternate pair of
threads, or every pair of threads separated by one or more unprinted thread or
threads, for the purpose of producing those new and improved appearances
upon the cloths woven with printed warps, as herein-before described.
Second, the general arrangement and construction of details constituting
the printing apparatus, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Stewart, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of December, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-seven.
ALEXANDER STEWART. (L.S.)