IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR EMBOSSING & TAKING CASTS, OR MATRICES POR STEREOTYPE & OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Dellagana, of Shoe Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Stereotype Founder, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR EMBOSSING & TAKING CASTS, OR MATRICES POR STEREOTYPE
& OTHER PURPOSES."
Sealed the 16th October 1861, and dated the 26th April 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Dellagana at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th April 1861.
I, JAMES DELLAGANA, of Shoe Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Stereotype
Founder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR EMBOSSING & TAKING CASTS OR MATRICES FOR STEREOTYPE.
& OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention, which relates to the machinery or apparatus used in taking
impressions, casts, or matrices, is principally applicable for embossing &
stereotype purposes, and consists in the application of rollers in combination
with a table supporting the article to be embossed, or from which the matrix
or cast is to be made, such table being geared with a pressure roller, so that the
surface speed of the pressure roller shall be the same as that of the table. I
mount the rollers in suitable frames, having screws, by which to force down
the upper one on the lower one, or vice versa, and springs or other means to

page_text: support and force the one from the other; the lower or supporting roller,
which sustains the pressure bearing on the table, I make of suitable size, and
usually much larger than the upper and pressing roller. The table is disposed
between these rollers, and mounted on truck rollers moving on level and
parallel guides, or otherwise fitted to receive a direct course. The table has a
rack on either side gearing with toothed wheels fixed on the upper and pressure
roller, the pitch line of such wheels & rack being at or near the circumference
of the pressing roller; this roller I make as small as is suitable for the purpose.
The subject from which the matrix is to be made, which may be a form of
type or other surface from which it is desired to obtain a cast or impression, is
placed on. the table. I then place the material of the matrix thereon, and
above it a tympan or sheet; the machine being then set in motion, the whole
is carried through under the pressing roller, which bears on the tympan or
sheet, and forces the material constituting the matrix into all the interstices of
the form of type or other surface, and so takes a perfect impression. In this
manner the pressure of the roller proceeds gradually over the surface being
impressed, and bearing only in a line across the matrix at any one time, which
line is, therefore, subject to great pressuro; this takes place all over the
surface, but not simultaneously, as is the case in embossing or forming
matrices as usual. By this means also the pressure beginning gradually at
one end or part of the table, and progressing gradually over its surface, all air
readily escapes from the surfaces being impressed, and therefore permits of
the transfer of a perfect impression. Motion is given to the pressing roller by
suitable gear and power, which transmits it to the table; this, together with
the roller, take in and impress the surfaces as desired. Embossing is effected
in a similar manner by placing the article to be embossed and the embossing
surface on the table, and passing them through below the pressing roller, &
impressing them in like manner,
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Dellagana in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 3
26th October 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
DELLAGANA, of Shoe Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Stereotype Founder,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters 3
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of April, in the year of our Lord

page_text: One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said James Dellagana, Her special licence that I, the said James
Dellagana, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said James Dellagana, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IN-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR EMBOSSING AND TAKING CASTS OR MATRICES FOR
STEREOTYPE AND OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said James Dellagana, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Dellagana, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
My Invention, which relates to the machinery or apparatus used in taking
impressions, casts, or matrices, is principally applicable for embossing and
stereotype purposes, and consists in the application of rollers in combination
with a table supporting the article to be embossed, or from which the matrix
or cast is to be made, such table being geared with a pressure roller, so that
the surface speed of the pressure roller shall be the same as that of the table.
I mount the rollers in suitable frames having screws by which to force down
the upper one on the lower one, or vice versa, and springs or other means to
support and force the one from the other, the lower or supporting roller which
sustains the pressure bearing on the table, I make of suitable size and usually
much larger than the upper and pressing roller. The table is disposed
between these rollers, and mounted on truck rollers moving on level and
parallel guides, or otherwise fitted to traverse a direct course. The table has
a rack on either side gearing with toothed wheels fixed on the upper and
pressure roller, the pitch lines of such wheel and rack being at or near the
circumference of pressing roller; this roller I make as small as is suitable for
the purpose. The subject from which the matrix is to be made, which may be

page_text: wheels, mounted on the upper roller D, which gear into racks e, e, fixed or
formed on the table B, by which means any motion communicated to the
roller D. is transmitted to the table. The pitch line of the gearing d¹, e, is
such that the surface speed of the roller D, and that of the table, shall be the.
same. I mount a spur wheel G on the axis of roller D, and gear with it, a
pinion H fixed on a shaft I, which may be driven by a strap and rigger from
any suitable power; or it may be actuated by a winch handle placed on shaft I,
if desired. The upper and lower rollers D & C are geared together by toothed
wheels fixed on their axes, the point of coincidence of whose pitch lines is in
the same plane as that of the racks e and gearing d', thus therefore imparting
to those rollers and table a uniform surface speed, and ensuring the correct
working of the machine.
The operation of the machine is this:-The form of type or the surface from
which the matrix or impression is to be taken is placed on the table with the
face uppermost; the material to form the matrix is then placed thereon,
which for stereotype purposes is soft paper stuff, as usual. A tympan or sheet
is then placed above it; the machine is now put in motion, whereby the table
is traversed under the roller D, and the mould, matrix, or impression produced.
Care is taken that sufficient pressure be exerted by the screws E, E, to transfer
the perfection of inpression desired. Instead of the table being geared
directly with the upper and pressing roller, it may be geared by racks and
toothed gear with the lower and supporting roller, and such roller geared by
toothed gearing with the upper and pressure roller. By this arrangement
the racks are removed from the surface of the table, which thus presents
greater convenience for operating with the machine. This arrangement is
represented in Figs. 4, 5, & 6 of the Drawings. Fig. 4 represents a side
view of the machine used to emboss or form the matrices or to print; Fig. 5
a plan, and Fig. 6 an end view of the same. A, A, are the side framings;
A', A¹, extensions thereof; and a, a, a, the stays connecting the two sides, all
as before; B is the table; and 6 rollers, V-grooved or otherwise formed to
receive and guide truly the rails on the under side of the table. The upper
and lower surfaces of the table, which is of metal, are truly planed and
parallel with the V-rails underneath. C is the cylinder on which the table
bears; and c, c, the bearings in which the cylinder is supported. This cylinder
has toothed wheels d, d, gearing into racks e, e, formed on the under surface
of the table B. Dis the upper & pressing roller, fitted in bearings resting on
springs f, f, and sliding up and down in the openings of frames A. These
springs are of a strength to raise and support the roller D, which is forced
down as required, by screws E, E, according to the thickness placed on table B,

page_text: and the pressure to be exerted thereon, as before described. The upper and
lower cylinders C, D, are geared by toothed wheels F, F, in such manner that
G is a
the surface speed of the cylinder D is the same as that of the table.
spur wheel, fixed on the shaft of C, receiving motion from pinion H driven by
a winch handle or a strap and rigger, as shown in Fig. 1, or by other suitable
power.
Having described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of performing
the same, I declare that what I claim as my Invention, to be protected by
the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is the arrangement of apparatus
in which a table and pressing roller are so geared and actuated that they have
the same surface speed, whereby casts, matrices, or impressions for stereotype
and other purposes are made or executed, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Dellagana, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
Witness,
W. CLARK, Patent Agent,
58, Chancery Lane,
London.
JAMES DELLAGANA. (L.S.)