IMPROVED STOPPERS FOR BOTTLES CONTAINING AERATED WATERS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR FILLING THE BOTTLES WITH AERATED LIQUIDS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Lingard, of Salford, in the County of Lan-
caster, Acrated Water Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVED
STOPPERS FOR BOTTLES CONTAINING AERATED WATERS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR
FILLING THE BOTTLES WITH AERATED LIQUIDS."
Scaled the 28th January 1876, and dated the 11th August 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Lingard at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th August 1875.
I, JOHN LINGARD, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Aërated
Water Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVED STOPPERS FOR BOTTLES CONTAINING AERATED WATERS, AND IN
APPARATUS FOR FILLING THE BOTTLES WITH AËRATED LIQUIDS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates, first, to the stoppers, and consists in so
arranging and forming or constructing the stopper that it will always be
at the upper end or neck of the bottle, and also allow the bottles to be
filled in an upright position with their necks at the top.

page_text: The stopper consists of a plug of wood or other material, having at
the top a head and at the bottom a knob, there being between the body
of the stopper and knob a recessed part for holding an india-rubber
washer; and through the stopper there are vertical and transverse holes
above the washer to allow the ingress and egress of the fluid.
In filling the bottles I employ a pipe from the cylinder containing the
aërated liquid for two bottles, and use for each bottle an air pipe having
a valve and regulating or balance weight, there being glands to keep the
air pipes properly tight. The pipe from the cylinder communicates
with a cross pipe terminated by vertical pipes having a valve chamber,
valve, and valve box, and to each valve is fixed a metal washer in
contact with an clastic one for keeping the bottle tight when being
filled, there being a clip mounted with india-rubber washers to keep all
the parts tight during the operation of filling if required, the said clip
being raised by a treadle or other means; or instead of the clip I may
use at the bottom of the valve pipe a taper india-rubber washer to assist
in raising the stopper when the bottle is removed from the filling pipe.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Lingard in the Great Scal Patent Office on
the 11th February 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
Lingard, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Aërated Water
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said John Lingard, Her special
license that I, the said John Lingard, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Lingard, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the

page_text: Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED STOPPERS
FOR BOTTLES CONTAINING AËRATED WATERS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR FILLING THE
BOTTLES WITH AËRATED LIQUIDS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said John Lingard, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
scals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Lingard, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement (that is to say) :-
―
This Invention relates, first, to the stoppers, and consists in so
arranging and forming or constructing the stopper that it will always be
at the upper end or neck of the bottle, and also allow the bottles to be
filled in an upright position with their necks at the top.
The stopper consists of a piece of glass, earthenware, or other material
having at the top a head and at the bottom a knob, there being between
the body of the stopper and knob a recessed part for holding an india-
rubber washer, and through the stopper there are vertical and transverse
holes above the washer to allow the ingress and egress of the fluid, and
at the same time allow the bottle to be cleaned.
In filling the bottles I employ a pipe from the cylinder containing
the aërated liquid for two bottles, and use for each bottle an air pipe
having a valve and regulating or balance weight, there being glands to
keep the air pipes properly tight. The pipe from the cylinder com-
municates with a cross pipe terminated by vertical pipes, each having a
valve chamber, valve, and valve box, and to each valve is fixed a metal
washer in contact with an elastic one for keeping the bottle tight when
being filled, and after the bottle is filled the stopper is raised by a spring
clip.
These improvements will be clearly understood by referring to the
figures and letters on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which,-
Fig. 1 is an external view, and Fig. 2 a section of one of my improved
stoppers for bottles containing aërated waters.

page_text: Fig. 4, a similar view of the bottle and stopper when the bottle is
being filled or empty.
Fig. 5, a vertical elevation and section combined of one arrangement
of the bottle filling apparatus; and Fig. 6 a plan of the under side of
one of its parts.
In Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, a represents the body of the stopper; b, the
head; c, the india-rubber washer at the under side of the head; d, the
knob at the bottom of the stopper; c, the recess between the knob and
body of the stopper; f, the india-rubber washer placed in the recess;
and g, h, the vertical and transverse holes above the washer
allowing the ingress and egress of the fluid and enabling the bottles to
be cleaned.
for
In Fig. 5 the pipe communicates with the ordinary cylinder con-
taining the aërated water and with the cross pipe 1, to which are cast
the vertical pipes m, cach containing a valve box n and valve o, there
being around the valve an india-rubber washer p to keep all the parts
tight during the operation of filling. To allow the ordinary atmospheric
air to escape from the bottle when it is being filled there are air
passages, valve boxes, and valves, one arrangement of which is shewn in
the section at one side and another arrangement at the other side of the
vertical pipe m, and to the lower part of the tubes of the valves are
fastened conical caps q containing conical washers for the tops of the
stoppers to enter. The valve o has two holes or apertures s which can be
above or below the valve box, and these apertures communicate with a
passage leading to the conical caps and the interiors of the bottles;
and at the bottom of the valve tube there is a cross piece a having a
central hole leading to passages for the escape of the air from the
bottles. When the bottles have to be filled, the operator, who is in a
sitting position, places two bottles on his knees with the tops of the
stoppers in the conical caps q, and then by gently raising his knees he
lifts the caps q, the valve o, and the apparatus for allowing the escape
of air from the bottles, the first effect being to force the washer p
against the bottom of the valve box to keep all the parts tight, after
which the air from the bottles pass through the passages v, w, and after
raising the valve x escapes through the openings y, the pressure on the

page_text: valves being regulated by metal weights or by a spiral spring a¹, and
as the air escapes the aërated water rushes through the holes or
apertures & at the top of the valve o to the passage t, and then into the
bottle, and the moment the bottle is full the operative lowers his knees
and then the conical caps and valves drop down to prevent further
supply and the stoppers are raised by the spring clips to seal the bottles
and prevent any escape of gas and liquid; but instead of using springs
for raising the clips they may be raised by a treadle, or the springs and
treadle may be entirely dispensed with by giving the bottle, when filled
and in the act of withdrawing it from the bottling apparatus, a sharp
side or downward movement which causes the stopper to fall into its
place in the neck of the bottle, where it is afterwards firmly held by the
internal pressure of the gases.
It will be readily understood that where several operatives are
employed in filling the bottles the vertical pipe for each duplex filling
apparatus can be applied to a long pipe communicating with the cylinder
containing the aërated water.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Inven-
tion, I desire it to be understood that I claim the improved stoppers for
bottles containing aërated waters and the apparatus for filling bottles
with aërated liquids, as herein described and illustrated on the accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Lingard, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Ninth day of February, in the year of
Signed, sealed, and delivered
by the within-named John
Lingard, in the presence of
G. SEPTIMUS HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
JOHN LINGARD. (L.S.)