IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING AND CLEANSING FABRICS, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO CHURNING
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Lansdale, of Pendleton, near Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING AND CLEANSING FABRICS, WHICH
IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO CHURNING"
Sealed the 8th May 1860, and dated the 12th November 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Lansdale at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
November 1859.
I, RICHARD LANSDALE, of Pendleton, near Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING AND CLEANSING FABRICS, WHICH
IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO CHURNING," to be as follows:-
I employ a globular, square, cylindrical, or any other conveniently shaped
box or vessel composed of wood, metal, or other suitable material, and give it
a double rotary motion like that of the earth. The globe or square is so
mounted as to move horizontally as well as vertically, or, if desired, at any

page_text: other angle. The vessel is turned one way by connecting it with a ring having
pins or pivots, which are attached to a handle or a driving pulley, the turning
of the vessel the other way being obtained by means of carrier wheels giving
motion to a bevil wheel, which gears into a toothed ring fixed to the outside of
the globe or square.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Lansdale in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
12th May 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
LANSDALE, of Pendleton, near Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty, Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Richard Lansdale, Her special licence that I, the said. Richard
Lansdale, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Richard Lansdale, my, executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING AND CLEANSING FABRICS, WHICH IMPROVE-
MENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO CHURNING," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Richard Lansdale, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Lansdale, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
I employ a globular, square, cylindrical, or any other conveniently shaped

page_text: box or vessel composed of wood, metal, or other suitable material, and give it
á double rotary motion, similar to that of the earth; that is, I cause it to
revolve horizontally and vertically at the same time; or, when desired, at any
other angle. The vessel is turned one way by connecting it by pins or pivots
with a frame or holder having shafts working in suitable bearings, one of the
shafts being connected to a handle, driving pulley, or wheel. The turning of
the vessel the other way is obtained by means of carrier wheels giving motion
to a bevil wheel, which gears into a toothed ring fixed to the outside of the
vessel. Or, I simplify the arrangement by supporting the box or vessel on
pivots or bearings connected to a frame or holder made to revolve either by
hand or power, and fix on the outside of the vessel a bevil wheel; which gears
into a stationary bevil wheel, so that when one revolving motion is given by
turning the frame or holder, the other revolving motion is obtained at the same
time by the teeth of the bevil wheel fixed to the vessel acting against the teeth
of the stationary wheel.
These improvements will be clearly understood by referring to the figures
and letters on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
Figs. 1 and 2 are side and end elevations of my improved washing and
churning machine, in which one of the revolving motions of the box or vessel
is obtained by means of carrier wheels and bevil wheels. Figs. 3 and 4 are
side and end elevations of the simplified machine, in which I employ a bevil
wheel acting against a stationary bevil wheel for obtaining one of the revolving
motions; and Fig. 5 is a vertical section of the same. Fig. 6 is a plan,
shewing the interior of the box or vessel containing the articles to be washed,
or the cream to be churned; and Fig. 7, a detached view of a grid, which is
to be placed in the vessel when churning.
In Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, the box or vessel is shewn at a, mounted at
the top and bottom with steps or seats 6, each having a hole or bearing central
with the vessel. Into each hole is fitted the points or pivots of the screw pins c,
which are screwed in the holder or frame d, and afterwards held firm by the
lock nuts e.
In Figs. 1 and 2 the frame or holder d has on one side the shaft f, and on
the other side the shaft g, both fitting holes or bearings in the framework h.
On the shaft fis fixed the handle i and the spur wheel k, which gears into the
carrier wheel l, on one end of the shaft m, at the other end of which is the
carrier wheel n, gearing into the spur wheel o, fixed to the shaft g, to which
shaft is also fixed the bevil wheel p, which gears into the bevil wheel or toothed
ring 2, which is fastened to the exterior of the vessel a. Thus, when the

page_text: handle is turned, the holder d and vessel a turns with it in the same direction,
and as the spur wheel k is revolving at the same time, it transmits motion to,
the carrier wheels 7 and n, spur wheel o, and bevil wheel p, which acting upon.
the toothed ring 9 causes the vessel to turn at right angles to the motion of,
the handle, and thereby give it a double rotary motion.
In Figs. 3, 4, and 5, representing the simplest arrangement for obtaining:
the two revolving motions of the box or vessel a, there is on one side of the.
frame or holder & the shaft r, fitting a boss or bearings in the framework,h,.
and on the other side a hole which fits the stationary shaft t fixed to the frame-.
work by the screw and nut u, so that the said frame or holder can revolve and
take the box or vessel with it. To the exterior, of the box or vessel is fixed
the bevil wheel or toothed ring v, which gears into the bevil wheel w, main-
tained stationary by fixing it to the shaft t, so that when the vessel is turned;
one way by the handle and gearing y it shall also turn the other way by the:
teeth of the bevil wheel v acting against the teeth of the stationary wheel w,.
and thereby give the vessel a double rotary motion.
In small machines the handle is fixed directly to the shaft r, without the:
intervention of toothed wheels or a driving pulley, or a toothed wheel may be
fixed to it, so that it may be driven by any motive power.
The interior of the vessel a may either be plain or mounted with any suit-
able number of knobs or projections as at z, Figs. 5 and 6; and when employed.
for churning I place in the interior a grid, shewn detached in Fig 7. One end
of the vessel is divided into two parts, one fixed and the other moveable, both
being bevilled or inclined one under the other, as shewn at a', Fig. 5; the
loose part rests at its outer edge upon the segment of a fixed hoop or pro-
jection 6', attached to which is the nut c', into which is screwed the screw d¹
for keeping the moveable lid tight when the machine is in operation.
The vessel a is furnished with a waste cock e¹, and also when required with.
a valve for the escape of steam and rarefied air.
Instead of causing the driving shaft to have a revolving motion, and thus:
give the double rotary motion to the machine, I may, when desired, move it.
to and fro, and thereby give the vessel an alternate partly rotary motion, its
length each way depending upon the vibration of the driving shaft, in which,
case a toothed segment may be fixed to the exterior of the vessel gearing into
the stationary toothed-segment.
Having thus fully described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be distinctly understood
that I do not claim any part of the aforesaid separately; but I-claim the

page_text: arrangement and combination of machinery or apparatus as applicable to
washing and cleansing fabrics, and churning milk or cream, as herein described
and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Lansdale, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Richard Lansdale in
the presence of
RICHARD LANSDALE. (L.S.)
E. J. HUGHES, Patent Agent,
Manchester.