Improvements in Typewriting Machines.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Dec.. 1893
Complete Specification Left, 15th Aug., 1894-Accepted, 22nd Sept., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Typewriting Machines.
I, BENJAMIN JOSEPH BARNARD MILLS, of 23 Southampton Buildings in the
County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention,
(a communication to me from Albert B. Dick of Chicago in the County of Cook,
State of Illinois, United States of America,) to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a typewriting machine, and its object is to produce
such a machine at low cost which shall be capable of doing work as good or nearly
so as any of the typewriting machines now on the market, and which shall be
capable of manifolding, and being especially adaptable for operation in connection
with the production of stencils by the well known Mimeograph process of producing
typewriter stencils.
The invention may be described by describing first the frame of the machine
and its connections; second, the type wheel, and third, the operating board and
index.
The frame of the machine comprises a suitable base, from which rise, at the rear
end thereof, a vertical plate and, from near the front end at the sides, two posts.
The rear plate is provided with split sleeves for receiving the rack rod of the
carriage feed, and has projecting from it, toward the front of the machine, two
extensions, in the upper of which is stepped the spindle for the type wheel, and
between which extensions the spindle carrying the mechanism for rotating the type
wheel passes. From the back plate also extend two lugs, which serve to receive
the pivot for the lever movement operating the feed. A post for the bell also
extends from the said back plate.
Two holders receive a plate, in which the upper end of the type and spindle has
its bearings and on which also swings the bell. The front posts are connected by
a plate provided with upward projections for receiving a rock shaft and outward
and downward projections which receive another rock shaft for operating the
hammer.
Upon other projections from said plate are carried the front scale and the
movable piece which is struck by the hammer and operates the type in that form
From the front
of machine where the type are not struck direct by the hammer.
plate also rise two short posts which support the index board of the machine.
The frame just described can be of cast metal, and by this construction simplicity
and economy in manufacture are attained.
The type wheel is preferably constructed with an upper and a lower plate, each
being provided with a series of teeth between which are slots for the reception of
loose type, which type are shouldered so as to prevent dropping through the said
slots, and may be provided with a spindle projecting below the lower edge of the
under plate. The plates of the type wheel are connected by a metal band entering
a groove on the lower side of the upper plate and a corresponding groove on the
upper side of the lower plate. Thus it will be seen that the type wheel is simple
iu construction and that the type may readily be removed therefrom.
In one form of machine 1 employ a stationary index board in conjunction with a
movable index lever. This index board is in the form of a slotted sector supported
from the frame of the machine, and has arranged thereon in any desired order the
letters and characters corresponding to the type on the type wheel. The index
lever is rigidly secured to the spindle of a toothed sector which meshes with the

page_text: gear on the spindle of the type wheel, whereby, by the motion of the index lever,
motion is communicated to the type wheel in any desired direction. The number
of teeth on the gear and sector respectively are so calculated with respect to the
number of type on the type wheel that for a given movement of the index lever, a
number of characters on the type wheel will move past the printing point in
correspondence with the number of characters on the operating board past which
the index lever has moved.
The index lever passes beneath the index board and preferably is provided
with three vertical projections, the centre one of which enters the arc-shaped slot
in the index board and the other two of which are adjacent to the outer edges of
the said board. These projections are provided with index lines and with a term
designating the character of printing effected by their operation, as, for instance,
the middle projection may contain the word "Caps," while the other two projections
contain respectively "Figures-Characters" and "Small." The index lever is
preferably provided with a pivotted handle, which permits the free and easy
operation of the said index lever.
In another form of machine a revoluble index wheel is employed. This, at its
centre, carries a gear wheel which meshes into a gear wheel of an equal number of
teeth carried by the spindle of the type wheel, whereby when the index wheel is
rotated, movement will be communicated to the type wheel corresponding to the
amount of movement given the operating board. The index wheel, at its centre,
may be connected directly to the spindle of the type wheel and thus the latter be
moved without intermediate gears.
The index wheel itself is or may be marked off into three equal divisions, one for
figures and characters, another for capitals, and a third for small letters, and each
division divided with an index line. A. stationary scale board is provided with the
figures and characters corresponding to those carried by the type wheel. The arrange-
ment of the characters on the type wheel is such that the capitals are all together
and small letters and figures and characters likewise; therefore, the index wheel being
rotated and the index line for any of its divisions brought opposite a letter on the
ɛcale board, a corresponding letter on the type wheel will be brought into position ;
for instance, if the "capital" space of the index wheel is brought opposite the
letter "R" of the scale board, the capital letter "R" on the type wheel will be
brought into printing position. If the index line of the "small letter" space is
brought opposite the same letter on the scale board, small letter " " will be
brought into printing position, and if the index line of the "figure and character
space be brought opposite the same letter, a figure or character will be brought into
printing position on the type wheel.
The platen of the machine is carried preferably in a cast metal frame supported
on the rack rod, which rack rod is in turn supported by the split sleeves of the
main frame.
The platen may be of the usual construction found in standard machines such as
the Remington and Caligraph, being provided at one end with a ratchet wheel
controlled by a pawl and a milled wheel to facilitate turning the same by hand.
The paper shelf may be of the usual construction, its supporting spindles or one of
them being provided with a coiled spring one end of which is fastened to the paper
shelf exerting pressure on the lower end thereof so as to throw that end against the
platen. This lower end is provided with a roller which exerts an even pressure
upon the paper in the machine and the same is kept from slipping while at the
same time it may easily be removed by pressing the upper end of the paper shelf
toward the platen. A cylinder scale is preferably provided which is held in
position by metal strips one end of which is secured to the platen frame, and the
rear end of which rests on the spindle of the paper shelf. The envelope holder is
formed with a thin strip of metal bent partially around the cylinder, the front end
being secured to the platen and brought to a tapering point so as to run along the
upper edge of the front scale. The feed mechanism is operated from a plate
pivoted on the base at one side of the machine, said plate being connected by a

page_text: series of straight and elbow levers to the feed dog engaging with the teeth on the
rack.
By a downward movement of the said plate the system of levers connected
therewith will be so operated as to withdraw the dog from one tooth on the rack
and insert it in the next. A spring, one end of which is connected with one of the
system of levers, and the other end with the frame of the machine, acts to feed the
rack forward one tooth, the dog itself being held up to the rack by a small
spring.
The printing movement is effected through a plate pivoted adjacent to the feed
operating plate. This plate operates a lever connected with the arm of a rock shaft
carrying the hammer. By pressing the last mentioned plate the hammer will be
given a swinging movement." In the path of the hammer a movable anvil may be
placed, said anvil being directly beneath the printing position of the loose type so
that when struck by the hammer.it will be projected forward against the bottom
face of the type, and hence will force the type from their sockets against the
paper thus effecting the printing; although the hammer may strike the type
directly.
The alignment of the machine is secured by providing a finger carried by a rock
shaft, also operated from the plate carrying the hammer through suitable levers
whereby, by the movement of said plate for the purpose of effecting the printing,
the said finger will be moved into the spaces between the teeth of the lower plate
of the type wheel, thus locking the same in the printing position during the
movement of printing and effecting true registration.
The ink ribbon is wound upon two spools, one at each side of the machine, one
of the spools being provided with a winding arm and the other with ratchet teeth
with which engages a pivoted pawl resting upon a spring a part of which is beneath
the plate for effecting printing, whereby each movement of said plate effects a
partial rotation of the spool and hence a feed of the ribbon. A dog prevents the
backward movement of the spool, while two guide plates guide and steady the
ribbon. A projection from the last mentioned dog rests upon the pivoted pawl,
which pawl is provided with a finger piece whereby when the pawl is moved out of
engagement with the ratchet teeth, the dog will also be moved out of engagement,
thus by one movement freeing the spool whereby winding may be commenced.
providing a lip on the feed operating plate, which lip passes beneath the bottom of
the printing plate, by the downward movement of the latter the feed plate is also
moved and hence during the printing operation the carriage feed is enabled to be
effected by the same stroke, although when desired the carriage may be fed
separately by simply operating its feed plate alone.
By
The bell is suitably supported from a post east on the back plate of the frame
and its hammer is suspended from a plate supporting the upper end of the spindle
of the type wheel. The bell ringer is adjustably secured on the rack rod by a set
screw.
A shield plate covers the rear extension of all the type except one or two at the
printing point.
Those not covered by the shield plate are pressed upon by a
light spring the desire being to prevent the type from being jarred or from falling
out of place.
The operation of the machine will readily be understood from the foregoing
description, it being necessary only to remark that the loose type are projected
upward against the platen above the same, whereby an action analogous to the
action of a standard machine such as the Remington is obtained; that is to say, by
this arrangement a swinging platen may be used which can be handled in the same
manner as in the platen of any ordinary machine.
Dated December 2 1893

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Typewriting Machines.
I, BENJAMIN JOSEPH BARNARD MILLS, of 23 Southampton Buildings in the
County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention,
a communication to me from Albert B. Dick of Chicago in the County of Cook,
State of Illinois, United States of America, Manufacturer, and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to a type-writing machine, and its object is to produce
such a machine at low cost, which shall be capable of doing work as good or nearly
so, as any of the type-writing machines now on the market, and which shall be
capable of manifolding, and especially adaptable for operation in connection with
the production of stencils by the well-known Mimeograph process of producing type-
writer stencils.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 is a front elevation with certain of the parts broken away to better
reveal details ;
Figure 2 is a plan view thereof, with the platen and connected mechanism
removed;
Figure 3 is a plan view of the frame of the machine;
Figure 4 is a side elevation thereof, partly in section;
Figure 5 is a plan view of the platen holding frame ;
Figure 6 is a sectional elevation through the type-wheel, showing some of the
operating parts therefor;
Figure 7 is a detail of the paper shelf and platen;
Figure 8 is a detail of the lever movements for operating the feed-pawl, alignment
tooth and hammer;
Figure 9 is a detail side view of the carriage feed pawl and rack;
Figure 10 is a bottom plan view of a portion of the lower plate of the type-
wheel;
Figure 11 is a top plan of a portion of the upper plate of the wheel;
Figure 12 is a bottom plan of a few of the teeth of the lower plate, showing the
bottom bevel thereof;
Figure 13 is a plan view of one form of operating board;
Figure 14 is a vertical section thereof, taken on the line 13-13 Figure 13.
Figure 15 is a plan view of another and preferred form of operating board;
Figure 16 is a front elevation thereof; and
Figure 17 is a perspective view of a form of type that may be employed.
The invention may be conveniently described by first describing the frame of the
machine and its connections; second, the type-wheel and its connected mechanism,
including the platen feed and type operating and aligning devices; and, third, the
operating board and index, and modifications thereof.
The frame of the machine is best shown in Figures 3 and 4. It is mounted on a
suitable table A, and comprises a suitable base B, from which rise, at the rear end
thereof, a vertical plate C, and from near the front end at the sides, two posts D, D.
The rear plate is provided with split sleeves E, E, for receiving the rack rod of
the carriage feed, and has projecting from it, towards the front of the machine, two
extension pieces F and G, in the upper of which is stepped the spindle for the
type-wheel, and between which extensions at the points f, g, passes the spindle G'
carrying the mechanism for rotating the type-wheel. Two lugs H also extend from
the back plate of the machine, and these lugs serve to receive the pivot for the
lever movement operating the feed. A post H' for the bell also projects from said
back plate. At each side of the plate F, but above the same, extend from the

page_text: back plate C two shoulders I, 1, which receive the plate in which the upper end of
the type spindle has its bearing and on which also swings the bell hammer.
The posts DD are connected by a plate J, which plate has upward projections
K, K, for receiving the rock shaft hereinafter to be described, and outward and
downward projections L, L, which receive another rock shaft for operating the
hammer. Still other upward projections M, M receive the front scale, and another
downward and outward projection N receives a movable piece which is struck by
the hammer, and in turn strikes and operates the type when it is not desired to
strike the type direct by the hammer.
Rising from the front plate are two short posts 0, 0, connected by a raised
rib P. Upon said short posts is supported the operating board of the machine,
when the form of operating board and lever shown in Figures 1, 2, 13 and 14 is
employed, the said lever thereof having a bearing upon the rib P.
It is to be understood that the parts of the frame just described can be of cast
metal, and that by this construction, simplicity and economy in manufacture are
attained.
The.type-wheel as shown in the drawings is constructed of two separate plates 1, 2,
the upper and lower plates each being provided with a series of teeth 3, forming
slots for the reception of the loose type 4, which type are larger than the spindle X
carrying them, as shown in Figure 17, so as to prevent dropping through the said
slots, said spindle projecting below the lower edge of the lower plate 2 of the type-
wheel. The two plates of the type-wheel are connected together by a band 5, of
metal or other suitable material, which passes into a groove on the lower side of the
upper plate 1 and a corresponding groove on the upper side of the lower plate 2, as
shown in Figure 6.
It is obvious that the type-wheel need not be constructed of an upper and lower
plate joined by a band, as shown and just described, but may be made by one
casting or otherwise. The type-wheel thus described, it will be seen, is adapted to
receive any kind of type, which type can be readily inserted in place and as readily
removed, either for the purpose of changing the fount or to replace worn out
characters.
I may employ any suitable means of bringing the type-wheel into printing position.
I have shown two forms; that form shown in Figures, 1, 2, 13 and 14, comprises a
slotted sector-shaped piece 6 and an operating lever 7. Said slotted sector is
supported from the frame of the machine, and has arranged on it in any desired
order the letters and characters corresponding to the type on the type-wheel and
arranged in the same order. The index lever at its rear end is rigidly secured to
the spindle of the toothed sector 8, which, of course, turns with the movement of
the lever and operates the gear 9 carried on the spindle of the type-wheel, whereby
movement is communicated to the type-wheel in any desired direction. Of course it
will be understood that the number of teeth on the gear and sector respectively are so
calculated with respect to the number of type on the type-wheel that for a given
movement of the index lever a number of characters on the type-wheel will move
past the printing point in correspondence with the number of characters on the
operating board past which the index lever has moved.
The index lever passes underneath the operating board 6, and has three
projections 10, 11 and 12, the centre oue of which, 11, enters into the arc-shaped
slot in the operating board, and the other two of which are adjacent to the outer
edges of the said board, as shown. These projections are provided with index
lines, and with a term designating the character of printing effected by their
operation, as for instance, the middle projection may contain the word "Caps,"
while the other two projections contain respectively figures, "Characters," and
"Small."
This index lever is preferably provided with a pivoted handle 13, which permits
the free and easy operation of said index lever.
The other form of device for bringing the type into printing position is more
particularly shown in Figures 15 and 16.

page_text: It will be obvious that such form of device may be embodied as a substitute for
the form described in the last pragraph with the balance of the machine, without
material difficulty. As, however, the form of device shown in Figures 15 and 16
permits of a more rapid operation of the machine than that described in the
previous paragraph, I will point out some of the changes which are necessary in
adapting it to the machine. In the first plare, I divide the type on the type-
wheel into groups; that is to say, I arrange all the capitals together in the most
convenient order, all the small letters together in the same order, and the numerals
and other characters in another group in the order of greatest use, each group
being provided with a separate index. In Figures 15 and 16, I have shown the
indexes for each group as forming part of the same wheel a, as by collecting the
movable indexes on one wheel greater control is obtained. When such wheel is
employed, the type-wheel will be carried on a spindle a', while the hub of the index
wheel will be on a separate spindle b, the spindle a carrying the gear a² and the
spindle carrying gear. The character board is shown at c, which is suitably
supported from the frame of the machine as shown at d.
As shown, the letters on the character board are arranged in one row, with the
figures, punctuation marks, &c., arranged in another row behind them. The front
of the character board, which is arc-shaped, is divided into spaces e, each space
indicating the distance within which the index marks on the index wheel must be
brought to bring the letter, character or punctuation mark opposite thereto into
printing position.
The
The characters on the type-wheel are divided, as shown, into similar groups of
capitals, small letters, figures, punctuation marks, etc. The index wheel is divided
into three sectional spaces, provided with three indexes, one for capitals, another
for small letters, and a third for figures, punctuation marks, etc.; each index taking
the form preferably of a finger-piece f, opposite which is an index line g.
finger-piece may be used to rotate the wheel to bring the index line g into
registration with the spaces e on the character board, if desired, although the
finger may be placed on the index wheel itself and the index thus brought into
registration.
As is obvious, the index wheel may be connected directly to the spindle of the
type-wheel, without any intermediate gearing.
The platen 14 of the machine is carried in the frame 15 which is preferably of
cast metal, which frame is carried by the rack-rod 16, which in turn is supported in
the split sleeves E E. The platen may be of the usual construction found in
standard machines, such as the Remington or Caligraph, and is provided at one
end with a ratchet wheel 17, controlled by a pawl 18, pivoted in said frame 15.
A milled wheel 19 is also provided, to facilitate the turning of the platen by
hand for line spacing. The paper shelf 20 of the carriage is of the usual con-
struction and extends for nearly the full length of the platen, and is pivoted at
each end in the side of the frame 15, as shown at 21, Figures 5 and 7.
At each end of the spindle 21, a spring 22, one end of which is coiled around
the spindle 21, and the other end of which is fastened to the side of the paper shelf,
exerts pressure on the lower end of the paper shelf so as to throw that end against
the platen. A roller 22ª is carried at this end by the paper shelf, and hence an
even pressure is exerted upon the paper in the machine and the same is kept from
slipping, while at the same time it may be readily removed by pressing the upper
end of the paper shelf toward the platen.
The cylinder scale 23 is held in position by the metal strips 24, 25, the front end
of each of which is secured to the front of the frame. 15, as shown in Figure 1, and
the rear end of which rests, as shown in Figures 5 and 7, on the spindle 21 of the
paper shelf. The envelope holder is formed from a strip, 26, bent partially around
the cylinder, the front end of which is secured to the frame 15 and which is
tapered to a point and runs along on the upper edge of the front scale 30.
The feed mechanism is operated from the plate 31, pivoted on the base B at one
side of the machine. This pivoted plate is connected by a series of straight and

page_text: elbow levers 32, 33, 34, 35, 36 and 37, to the feed dog 38, said feed dog engaging
with the teeth on the rack 16. It will be obvious that by a downward movement
of the plate 31, the system of levers connected therewith will be so operated as to
withdraw the dog from one tooth and insert it in the next, and through the action
of the spring 39, one end of which is connected with the elbow lever 35 and the
other with the frame of the machine, the rack and connected mechanism will be
fed forward one tooth, the dog being held up to the rack by the spring 38.
The printing movement is effected through a plate 40, which is pivoted at 41 on
the post D at the same side as is pivoted the feed operating plate. Attached
to the rear end of the said platform is a lever 42, which is connected with the
crank 43, of a rock shaft 44, which rock shaft at one end carries the hammer 45.
It will be obvious that by pressing the plate 40, the crank arm 44 will be moved
and the hammer 45, which is rigidly connected therewith, will swing. I may cause
the hammer to strike the movable type direct, or may, as I have shown in the
drawings, interpose a movable anvil 46, in the form of a plate of metal, with two-
pins or extensions 47, 47, which prevent it from dropping through the slot in the
projecting end of the main frame. The movable anvil, when one is used, is.
directly beneath the printing position of the type, and is in line therewith, so that
when it is struck by the swinging hammer it will be projected upward against the
bottom surface of the type, and hence will force the type from their pockets or
sockets against the paper, and thus effect the printing.
The alignment of the machine is secured by providing a finger 48, on a rock
shaft 49, which is shown as secured to said rock shaft by a sleeve and set screw 50.
Said rock shaft is operated from the platform 40, through lever 42 and link 51,.
which connects the rocker arm 52 with the rocker arm 44, whereby, by the
movement of the platform 40 for the purpose of effecting the printing, the finger 48.
will be moved into the teeth of the lower plate 2 of the type-wheel, and as the
spaces between these teeth correspond to the type, it is obvious that the wheel
will be locked in the printing position during the moment of printing, and that the
finger entering from beneath can enter between said teeth and thus effect true.
registration.
The ink ribbon 59 is wound upon two spools, 54, 55, one on each post D, of the
machine. The spool 55 is provided with a winding arm 56, and the other spool 54
is provided with ratchet teeth 57, with which engages a pivoted pawl 58, resting
upon a spring 58* (shown partly in dotted lines in Figure 2, said spring being for
the main part beneath the platform 40), whereby each movement of the platform to
effect a printing operation effects a partial rotation of the spool and hence a feed of
the ribbon. A dog 60, prevents a backward movement of the spool, while two.
guide plates, 61, 61, supported on the posts K K, one being located on each side of
the type-wheel guide and steady the ribbon. As shown, a projection 60* from the
dog 60 rests upon the pawl 58, said pawl being provided with a finger piece 58,.
whereby when the pawl is moved out of engagement with the ratchet teeth the
dog will be simultaneously moved out of engagement, thus by one movement.
freeing the spool so that winding may begin. By providing a lip, 62, on the
plate 31, which lip enters beneath the bottom of the plate 40, I am enabled by the
downward movement of said plate 40, to also move the plate 31, and hence during
the printing operation I am enabled also, by the same stroke, to effect the carriage
leed, although I may when desired feed the carriage separately simply by
operating 31 alone.
The bell 63 is suitably supported from a post cast on the back plate of the frame,.
and its haminer 64 is suspended from a plate 65, in which is supported the upper
end of the spindle of the type-wheel. The bell ringer 66 is adjustably secured on
the rack rod 16 by a set screw 67. From the plate 65 extends a light spring 68,
which bears on two or three of the type at the printing point so as to return them
and prevent them from jumping out at other points; the balance of the shield
plate 65, which extends over the rear extension of the type, preventing the same
from being jarred out of the slots.

page_text: The operation of the machine will be readily understood. In the completed
machine showing the slotted sector and movable lever (Figures 1, 2, 13 and 14), it
will be apparent that it is only necessary to move the lever into position in front
of any given character, when by depressing the printing plate 40 the type wheel
will be brought into alignment, the hammer projected against the loose type, which
as a consequence will be impelled against the platen above the same and the
printing thereby effected. By the arrangement of the loose type in a wheel
operating in a horizontal plane, a swinging platen may be employed, capable of
being handled in the same manner as is the platen on any ordinary machine.
Referring to the form of operating board shown in Figures 15 and 16, it will be
observed that the index line is opposite the space e, pointing to the letter "S";
with the index wheel in this position, the capital letter "S" on the type-wheel
will be in printing position. If now, we suppose the index wheel to be revolved
and the index line g in the division devoted to small letters brought into
registration with the space e opposite the letter "S" on the letter board, small
letter " S "will be brought into printing position on the type-wheel. If the index
line
g on the division of the index wheel devoted to figures, characters etc.
be brought opposite the space e in front of the letter "S," then the period on
the type-wheel will be brought into printing position, said period appearing
behind capital "S" in the character board.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a rotary type-wheel having
type mounted therein of mechanism for rotating said wheel, substantially as set
forth.
2. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a rotary type-wheel, carrying
its type in a horizontal plane, of type loosely mounted therein and a movable index
connected with said wheel, substantially as set forth.
3. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a rotary type-wheel having
type mounted therein, of means for rotating said type-wheel and mechanism for
forcing one of said type into printing position, substantially as set forth.
4. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a rotary type-wheel operating
in a horizontal plane and having type loosely mounted therein, and means for
determining the position of one of said type relatively to the remaining type,
substantially as set forth.
5. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a type wheel, having a series of
slots, one for each character, and an alignment finger adapted to enter said slots,
substantially as set forth.
6. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a type-wheel having upper
and lower portions and means for securing said portions together, of printing
characters mounted in said wheel, substantially as set forth.
7. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a rotary type-wheel operating
in a horizontal plane and having type mounted therein, of a movable index connected
with said wheel and a hammer and its actuating mechanism, whereby the type are
forced into printing position, substantially as set forth.
8. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a rotary type-wheel, operating
in a horizontal plane and having type loosely mounted therein, of a platen above
said type wheel, means for rotating said wheel and mechanism for forcing said type
upwardly against said platen, substantially as set forth.
9. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a rotary type-wheel having
type mounted therein, of a shield plate extending over a portion of said wheel,
substantially as set forth.
10. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a type-wheel having type-
mounted therein, of a shield plate extending over a portion of said wheel and a
retracting spring for said type, substantially as set forth.

page_text: 11. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a type-wheel provided with
movable type, a lever and suitable gearing for rotating the type-wheel, a swinging
hammer, mechanism for operating the same and a pivoted plate counected therewith,
substantially as set forth."
12. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a type wheel provided with
removable type carried in slots in said wheel, an alignment finger mounted on a rock
shaft and adapted to enter said slots, a swinging hammer also mounted on a rock
shaft and mechanism for simultaneously operating said finger and hammer,
substantially as set forth.
13. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a type-wheel, carrying its
type loosely in a horizontal plane, of a movable index for operating said type-
wheel and a movable hammer and alignment finger operating independently of
the index movement; whereby the type is first brought into printing position and
then the printing mechanism is operated, substantially as set forth.
14. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a rotary type-wheel, type
morable vertically therein, a loosely mounted anvil and a hammer for operating
said type, substantially as set forth."
15. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a slotted sector, of an
index provided with a portion entering the slot of said sector, substantially as set
forth.
16. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a slotted sector, of an index
provided with a portion extending through and operating in the slot of said sector,
substantially as set forth.
17. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a slotted sector, of a series
of characters arranged along one side of the slot and a series of letters arranged
along the other side thereof, of an index provided with three division lines, one
division line arranged adjacent to the characters and the other two division lines
arranged adjacent to the letters, said division lines being out of line, one with the
other substantially as set forth.
18. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a slotted sector provided
with characters and letters, of an index lever, provided' with a division line for the
characters and two division lines for the letters, said division lines being out of line,
one with the other, substantially as set forth.
19. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a slotted sector provided
with characters and letters, of an index lever movable beneath said sector, and
having portions operating on a level with the type of said sector, one of said portions
operating through the slots therein, and two of said portions operating one on each
side of said sector, substantially as set forth.
20. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a rotary type-wheel,
provided with characters arranged in groups, of an indicator for each group
connected with said wheel so as to move the same to bring its groove into position,
substantially as set forth.
21. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a rotary type-wheel provided
with characters arranged in groups, of an indicator for each group connected with
said wheel so as to move the same to bring its group into position, and a character
board, substantially as set forth.
22. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a rotary type-wheel provided
with characters arranged in groups, a rotary index-wheel with divisions corre-
sponding to the groups of characters on the type-wheel, said type-wheel being so
connected with the index wheel as to be driven by it, and a character board,
substantially as set forth.
23. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a rotary type-wheel provided
with characters arranged in groups, of a rotary index-wheel with divisions corre-
sponding to the groups of characters on the type-wheel, gearing connecting said
type-wheel and index-wheel, a character board and mechanism for operating the
same, substantially as set forth.
24. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a ribbon-carrying spool,

page_text: provided with ratchet teeth, a feed pawl and detaining dog, said dog being provided
with a finger overlapping said pawl, whereby by the movement of the pawl, the
dog is moved out of engagement with the ratchet teeth, substantially as set
forth.
25. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a rotary type-wheel, of
-detachable printing characters supported by gravity, substantially as set forth.
26. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a rotary type-wheel having
type mounted therein, of means for rotating said type-wheel, mechanism for forcing
one of said type into printing position and returning it to its normal position in said
type-wheel, substantially as set forth.
27. In a type-writing machine the combination with a rotary type-wheel provided
with slots or holes to receive the printing characters, of printing characters provided
with printing heads and portions adapted to enter said slots or holes, substantially
as set forth.
28. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a rotary type-wheel
operating in a horizontal plane and having type loosely mounted therein, of means
for determining the position of one of said type relatively to the remaining type,
and mechanism for forcing one of said type into printing position, substantially as
:set forth.
29. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a platen, of a pivoted paper
shelf, a roller carried in one edge of said shelf and adapted to be pressed against
said platen, substantially as set forth.
30. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a platen, of a pivoted paper
shelf, a roller carried in the lower edge of said shelf and a spring for pressing said
roller against said platen, substantially as set forth.
31. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a platen, of a cross-rod
arranged parallel therewith, a paper shelf pivoted upon said cross rod, a spring
carried by said rod and adapted to press the lower portion of said shelf against
:said platen, substantially as set forth..
B. J. B. MILLS,
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.