Improvements in Inflated Tyres for the Wheels of Velocipedes and other Carriages.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Nov., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 21st Aug., 1891-Accepted, 3rd Oct., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Inflated Tyres for the Wheels of Velocipedes
and other Carriages.
I, WILLIAM HILLMAN, of Stoke Green, Coventry in the County of Warwick,
Managing Director of Works, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention has for its object the improvement of inflated tyres for velocipedes
and other carriages to provide for easy removal from the felloe of the wheel, to
provide an efficient non-slipping wearing surface which is easily replaced at low
cost and also to cheapen the whole cost of the tyre.
In carrying my invention into effect I use preferably a felloe of semi circular or
U section and in it I place an india rubber tube with suitable means for inflating
the same and retaining therein the pressure of air or gas. This may be done as set
forth in my application of November 11 1890 or in other suitable manner, round
each side of the tube either inside or outside circumferentially I cement or other-
wise secure a ring or strip of webbing canvas or other non-stretching material and
when the tube or tyre is partially inflated I fix with cement or otherwise round the
outer circumference or periphery of the said tube or tyre a band or ring of non-
stretching india rubber or india rubber made with a canvas or other non-stretching
material on its under side, the said band or ring of non-stretching india rubber I
form with its outer surface covered with projections corrugations or other roughness
to prevent side slipping and as I fit it on the tyre when the latter is only partially
inflated it is in considerable tension when the inflation is complete, and not liable to
be accidentally detached.
The strips of non-stretching material on the two sides may be made up with the
tube, instead of cementing them on as above described, but the ring of rubber with
roughened surface I prefer to make detachable for easy removal when worn.
In place of the two strips of non-stretching material on the sides one broad strip
may be used covering the whole surface of the tube projecting from the felloe but
in the latter case it is preferably woven in a U shape or in the shape required.
Dated November 25th 1890.
WM. HILLMAN.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London,.Agents.
J
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Inflated Tyres for the Wheels of Velocipedes
and other Carriages.
I, WILLIAM HILLMAN of Stoke Green, Coventry in the County of Warwick,
Managing Director of Works do hereby declare the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described, and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object the improvements of inflated tyres for velocipedes
and other carriages, to provide for easy removal from the felloe of the wheel, to
provide an efficient non-slipping wearing surface which is easily replaced at low-cost,
and also to cheapen the whole cost of the tyre.
In carrying my invention into effect I use preferably a felloe of semi-circular or
U section and in it I place an india rubber tube with suitable means for inflating
the same and retaining therein the pressure of air or gas. This may be done as set

page_text: igure is a side elevation, and
Figure 4 an underside view of part of the tyre without its wearing surface.
Figure 5 is a section of the india rubber tube with the non-stretching material
differently applied thereto, and
Figure 6 is a section showing a different construction of inflation nozzle and
valve.
In all the figures like parts are indicated by similar letters of reference.
In carrying my invention into effect I use a felloe, a, of semi-circular or Ụ section
and in iti place an india rubber tube, b, strengthened and fitted as follows:-
The india rubber tube, b, is of sufficient length to encircle the wheel to be tyred.
I fit in any convenient position in such tube at the inner side of the tyre a
small screwed injection nozzle or socket, which is in the form of a hollow
screw, c, with a thin head c¹ of large dimensions having a loose washer 2 and
nut, by means of which and a little cement a perfect joint can be made in
the tube. In placing this injection socket or nozzle in position, a hole is
first made in the tube b, the screw c is pushed through the same from
the inside of the tube, the washer is then placed over the screw on the
outside of the tube, and the nut c³ is screwed down so as to bind the
said parts firmly together with part of the tube between the head c¹ and the
washer c. The head and loose washer are also formed of shape to fit closely
the inside of the tyre, a hole is formed in the felloe through which the tube c is
passed and the nut is caused to occupy such hole so as to avoid as much as
possible any distortion of the tube bat such part. After the screwed shank c has
been fixed in the tube as above described, the ends of said tube are joined in
any suitable or well known manner so as to form it into a ring. On the screwed
shank, c, of the socket or nozzle may be attached a short length of flexible tube
provided with a screw-clamp, which serves as a valve as described in my Specifica-
tion of application No. 18147 of the year 1890, or, as shown in the drawings at
Figures 1 and 2, it may have screwed thereon a valve body d formed with an
opening to receive the pump nozzle for inflating the tyre and a screw d for
closing such opening against the entrance of any dirt or foreign matter; the
valve body d is also formed with a conically bored barrel d³ to receive a conical
plug or valve d' screwed near its outer end, so that when the tyre has been inflated,

page_text: the valve or plug can be screwed home and thereby retain the pressure within
the tyre.
Round each side of the tube b, either inside or outside circumferentially, I cement
or otherwise secure a ring or strip e of webbing, canvas or other suitable non-
stretching material, as shown at Figures 1 to 4, or, in place of the two strips e, one
broad strip e, as shown at Fig. 5, may be used, covering the whole surface of the
tube & projecting from the felloe. These strips e, e* of non-stretching material may
be made up with the tube instead of cementing them on after vulcanization.
Round the tube thus strengthened with the strips e e* I preferably, as described
in the Specification before referred to, bind round its entire circumference in a
spiral forin with webbing canvas, or other suitable material, which is cemented
thereto; this spiral binding serves to strengthen the tube and to limit its
expansion when inflated.
When the tube or tyre has been prepared and strengthened to the extent above
described and partially inflated, I fix with cement round the outer circumference or
periphery of the said tube or tyre, a band or ring g of non-stretching india rubber
or india rubber made with a canvas or other non-stretching material on its under-
side, and I form such band or ring with its outer surface covered with projections,
corrugations, or other roughness to prevent side slipping, and, as I fit it on the
tyre when the latter is only partially inflated, it is in considerable tension
when the inflation is complete and therefore not liable to be accidentally detached.
I prefer to make the said band or ring g detachable for easy renewal when worn.
Instead of fixing the band or ring g to the tube or tyre by cement as above
described, such band or ring g may be made thinner and wider than that shown in
the drawing and have its edges tucked into the side of the felloe, it will then be
held in position by the air pressure without the use of cement.
Instead of employing the inflation nozzle and valve shown at Figures 1 and 2,
that represented at Figure 6 may be used. This latter valve is constructed and
fixed as follows:-
I employ the hollow screw c with its head as above described, but I connect
the washer and nut firmly together, and these latter are screwed on the screw e
when the washer e² is in a flat form, after which the latter is shaped to fit the felloe
and a lock nut is screwed on the tube c against the nut.
An india rubber disc e having a central hole is cemented to the head c', and
through such hole and the hollow screw c is passed a tube h formed with a head
and with a side hole 2 close to said head. This tube is screwed externally at its
upper end, which latter extends beyond the screw c and has screwed thereon a
nut, i, formed with a nozzle i' on which is fixed an india rubber tube A.
Thus by
screwing down the nut firmly on to the end of the tube c, the tube h will be
drawn upwards with its head tightly against the rubber disc c*, thereby securing
the air in the tube cr tyre, whilst by unscrewing the nut i somewhat, the tube h can
be pushed down so as to expose the side hole and thereby permit air to be forced
into or to escape from the tube or tyre.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In inflated tyres for the wheels of velocipedes and other carriages, the
combination of an india rubber tube b, one or two circumferential strips of canvas
or other non-stretching material e, e, a spiral binding, f, of canvas or webbing
cemented around the same, and a wearing band or ring, g, cemented around the
periphery of the tyre, substantially, as herein shown and described.
2. In inflated tyres for the wheels of velocipedes and other carriages, the
combination with an india-rubber tube, b, of one or two circumferential strips of
canvas or other non-stretching material e, e*, cemented thereto or made up there-
with, and a wearing band or ring, g, of non-stretching india rubber or of india rubber
made up with a canvas or other non-stretching material on its underside and

page_text: cemented to the tube or tyre when the latter is only partially inflated, substantially
as herein shown and described.
3. The manufacture of inflated tyres for the wheels of velocipedes and other
vehicles, by cementing the wearing band or ring thereto when the tube is only
partially inflated, and subsequently completely inflating the tube, substantially
as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.
Dated this 21st day of August 1891.
WILLIAM HILLMAN.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.