Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for French Polishing and the like.
Year: 1898

page_text: Complete Specification Lett, 4th Nov., 1898-Accepted, 22nd Apr.. 1899
Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for French Polishing
and the like.
We, CROMWELL WALTER JONES, of 135, Stephen's Green, Dublin, Master
Cabinetmaker, and HERBERT WEBB, of 53, St. Alban's Road, Dublin, Machinist,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
-
The object of this invention is to provide a machine for polishing the surfaces
of articles manufactured of wood or other material, capable of taking a polish
which machine is strong and enduring in all its parts, is simple in its construc-
tion and is adapted to polish flat, bevelled, hollow, or rounded surfaces.
In the drawings
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the machine or apparatus, portion of the main
standard and pullies broken away for illustration.
Fig. 2 is a back elevation of the machine showing the guide pullays, which
carry one of the belts to a step pulley E.
Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line X X Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a detail of the tiltable headstock.
Fig. 5 is showing the guiding apparatus which carries the resevoir or resevoirs
and the polishing rubbers or pads.
Fig. 6 is a cone rubber or bob, portion being broken away to exhibit interior.
Fig. 7 is a further modification, portion of the rubber or bob being broken
away to exhibit the interior.
Fig. 8 is an enlarged section elevation on the line Y, Y, Fig. 1, showing the
construction of the radial arm joint.
Fig. 9 is an enlarged sectional plan on the line Z, Z, Fig. 1.
Fig. 10 is a sectional elevation on the line X, Y, Fig. 5, showing the construc-
tion of the apparatus, reservoir and rubber or pad.
In these drawings:-
A is a base which base is a support for the whole of the operative mechanism.
A¹ is a main standard or frame on which standard most of the mechanism is sup-
ported. B is an inner standard, which standard moves vertically in the main
standard or frame A' with the assistance of the screw A2, C is a radial arm or
tubular frame which frame is supported by a vertical shaft C. This shaft being
D 077

page_text: secured to brackets D and D' which brackets are bolted to the inner standard B.
The pulley E revolves loose upon the shaft C. At the joints F and F are pro-
vided ball bearings to allow the radial arm or frame C to swing from side to side.
G is a tubular frame or radial arm which frame is supported by a vertical
shaft G. This shaft being secured to the brackets of the frame by caps H
and H. The step pulley I revolves loose upon the shaft G, J and are pro-
vided with a ball joint to allow the frame or radial arm to swing from either side
at the will of the operator. As similarly described in the aforesaid F and F¹,
K is the headstock, this headstock is mounted central to a face plate which face
plate is secured to the tubular frame or radial arm G. The headstock being
moveable to limited angles. A sliding mandril is mounted between brass bearings
in the bracket of the headstock K, at the top of the sliding mandril is provided a
lever L, a projecting arm K¹ is mounted to the headstock K, two supports L²
are mounted to the lever and projecting arm. The lever L is kept at tension by
two springs L. M' is a flexible mandril, M is the guiding apparatus, N is the
reservoir and rubber or pad combined.
And in order that my said invention may be particularly described and ascer-
tained reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings in which similar
figures of reference indicate corresponding parts.
Referring to Fig. 1 and 2: A is the base of the machine upon this base the
plummer blocks 12 and 121 are bolted a counter shaft 13 journalled in the
plummer blocks and adjusted by collars 14 and 14'. The counter shaft is supplied
with tight and loose pulleys 15 and 15' over these pulleys a belt runs from power
supplied 16 is a driving pulley over this pulley a belt 16 runs. Passing over guide
pulleys 17 and 171 and continued under guide pulleys 18 and 18' which guide
pulleys revolve loose upon studs 19 and 19¹. These studs are screwed into the
main standard or frame A¹. The belt is continued over guide pulleys 20 and 20'
the belt is continued around the step pulley E which pulley revolves loose on the
shaft C and supported by a collar 38, the sliding bracket 21 carries two guide
pulleys 17 and 17, this sliding bracket moves vertically between guides 22
and 22 which guides are screwed to the main standard or frame A by flush
screws 23, the sett screws 24 are for the adjustment of guide 221, at the back of
the sliding bracket 21 there is a groove or channel to allow the cord 25 to pass
through, this cord is passed through the groove or channel in the sliding bracket
and is carried over guide pulley 251 and secured to eyebolt 26 at the top of the
sliding bracket 21, the guide pulley 251 is mounted to the main standard or frame
by screws 27 Fig. 2, at the lower end of the cord 25 a weight 28 is attached
this weight is intended to keep a uniform tension upon the belt 16¹.
The main standard or frame A is secured at its lower end in the base A by sett
screws 29, the base being cored out to receive the said standard or frame A¹.
The combined cog and hand wheel 30 is mounted central on a bracket, the bracket
being secured to the main standard or frame A¹. The combined cog and hand
wheel is in connection with a cog wheel 30 which is mounted to the screw A³.
The bracket 31 which carries the screw and cog wheel 30¹ is bolted to the main
standard A. The screw being continued down and screwed through a bracket 311
which bracket is secured to the inner standard by sett screws 32. A slot in the
main standard or frame A' Fig. 3 is provided to allow the bracket 31 to move
vertically with the inner standard B by turning the hand wheel 30 raises or
lowers the inner standard B, the weight 28 and the sliding bracket 21 are
intended to move with the one operation with the assistance of the belt 16' and
the cord 25. The belt 16 being thus kept at equal tension and constant length
in every altitude of the inner standard B which may be required in the working
of the machine, 291 is a sett screw for steadying the inner standard, Fig. 3 is
showing a horizontal section on the line X, X, Fig. 1, the main standard or
frame A¹ being built up in sections to allow the inside of same to be planed up
true and secured together by flush screws 33. The inner standard B is cored out
for lightness 31' is a bracket bolted to inner standard by set bolts 32 A² is a

page_text: screw which passes through the bracket 311, 25 is the cord which suspends the
weight 28 passing over guide pulley 251 and secured to eyebolt 26, the vertical
shaft C is mounted in the tubular frame or radial arm C by cones 36 and balls
and secured by lock nuts 37. The collar 38 supports the step pulley E. The
vertical shaft C₁ is firmly secured by set screws 34 to the brackets D and D¹.
These brackets being secured to the inner standard B by set screws 35. The
vertical shaft G₁ is mounted in the tubular frame or radial arm G by cones 41
and balls and secured by lock nuts 42. The collar 40 supports the step pulley I.
The vertical shaft G¹ is firmly secured to the brackets of the tubular frame or
radial arm C by caps H and H₁ which caps are screwed to brackets by set screws 39,
by this arrangement the radial arm is moved with great facility. Fig. 8 is a
sectional elevation of one of the joints on the line Y, Y, Fig. 1, G¹ is a shaft,
I is a step pulley, J is the bracket shell, the collar 40 supports the step pulley, I,
41 are the adjusting cones, 42 are the lock nuts, 42' is a cup, this cup 'receives
a row of balls 423 on both sides, 391 are the holes to receive the set screws 39.
Fig. 4 is a detail of the headstock showing by dotted lines to what angle the
headstock is limited, L is a lever, L' are springs, L2 are supports for the lever L.
Fig. 9 is a sectional plan on the line Z, Z, of Fig. 1, 43 is the headstock which
is mounted central to the face plate 44, 45 is a bolt which carries the headstock 43,
46 is a nut and 46' is a lock nut, 47 and 471 are studs, these studs are riveted to
the headstock handles 43 which studs carry levers 48 and 48, 49 and 49' are
are conical pins which pins are hinged to the ends of levers 48 and 48, 50 and 50'
are springs these springs are riveted to the handle parts of the headstock 43.
The free ends of the conical pins 49 and 49' are inserted into corresponding
holes in the face plate 44, pressure of the levers 48 and 48' relaxes the conical
pins 49 and 491 from the face plate 44 and leaving the headstock free to be
moved to the required angle, 51 is portion of the tubular frame or radial arm G,
52 is one of the brackets of the headstock. These brackets are supplied with
brasses which receive the sliding mandril 53, 54 is a pulley which is driven by a
belt from the step pulley I, 54 is the boss of the pulley which is provided with
a feather key 55. This feather key enters a longitudinal groove or channel in
the sliding mandril 53. The mandril thus rotating in and traversing through
the pulley 54, 56 is a cap which is adjustable to the bracket 52 of the head-
stock K by set screws 57 and 57', M is a flexible mandril which is secured
detachable at its upper extremity to the lower end of the mandril 53 by a set
screw, M is an apparatus from this apparatus a wooden handle 58 is secured.
This handle is grasped by the operator and affords the operator a free hand and
great facility in manipulating the work to be polished. The apparatus M is
suspended and secured to the lower end of the flexible mandril M¹ by a lock
nut 59. This could be replaced by a chuck if necessary, Fig 5 is an enlarge-
ment of M Fig. 1, the reservoir cap or cover 72 is screwed to the lower end of the
mandril in the apparatus M and locked by a nut 60. The reservoir 74 Fig. 10
is inserted in the cap or cover 72 and prevented from rotating therein by a
pin 73. The rubber or pad 61 is glued to a circular piece of wood 62 which is
secured detachable to the reservoir 74. The reservoir 74 in this fig. being
charged with oil while the reservoirs 63 and 631 are supplied with polish,
64 and 64¹ are valves which regulate the supply to the rubber or pad 61, over
this rubber or pad a piece of linen (which is not shown) is attached by an india-
rubber band 65 which is shown in section, by this arrangement the linen is
attached or detached very quickly. The rubber or pad in this figure is adapted
to polish flat or convex surfaces.
Fig. 6 is a cone felt rubber or bob 66 which is glued to a circular piece of
hardwood 68 and inserted in the under side of the reservoir 69, 70 is a piece of
wool inserted through the tube 71 and in connection with the rubber or bob 66
which is covered with linen (but is not shown in this Fig.) and secured ly an
india rubber band 67. This rubber or bob is intended to polish in angles or
hollows where a flat rubber or pad could not be worked.

page_text: Fig. 7 is a further modification. The rubber or bob rotating upon a horizontal
axis, portion being broken away for illustration, 81 is a wooden cup upon this
cup a felt rubber or bob 82 is glued which is afterwards perforated all round as
shown at 83. Through these perforations wool is inserted to the centre of the
cup 81 which are then in connection with the reservoir supply 84 this rubber
or bob is covered with a piece of soft felt S6 and is in contact with the inserted
wool, 87 is a pin to prevent the reservoir from rotating in the cap or cover, this
rubber or bob being covered with linen (which is not shown in this fig.)
and secured by an india rubber band 85. This rubber or bob is adapted to
polish in channels, grooves or hollows, such as mouldings, etc.
Fig. 10 is a sectional elevation on the line X, Y Fig. 5, the spindle 76 is
adjusted in the apparatus M by cones 77 and locked by nuts 59. The appa-
ratus M receives a row of balls at each end between the cups and cones 77, 72 is
the reservoir cap or cover which is locked on the spindle by a nut 60. The
reservoir 74 is inserted in the under side of the cap or cover 72, 62 shows
the circular piece of hard wood, 61 is the felt rubber or pad, which is glued
to 62, 65. is an india rubber band, 75 is a circular piece of wood glued
to 62 which is afterwards secured detachable to the reservoir 74, the tube 79
passes through the centre of reservoir, 80 is a piece of wool inserted through the
tube 79 and is in connection with the perforations 78, for a smaller rubber or
pad one reservoir is sufficient, oil being applied by the operator, the rubbers
pads or bobs are attached or detached very quickly. The work to be polished is
laid upon an ordinary table, except in the case of large & heavy articles such
as a wardrobe and etc. which could be laid upon a low platform. The operator
having complete control of the said machine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. In a machine or apparatus of the character described, the combination of
a base, a driving shaft journalled on the base, a standard or frame mounted on
the base. An inner standard mounted in the main standard or frame sup-
ported by a screw mounted from main standard or frame. A tubular frame or
radial arm mounted to a shaft supported by brackets on inner standard a tubular
frame or radial arm mounted to a shaft supported by brackets from the former
frame or arm, a tiltable headstock mounted central to a face plate, a sliding
mandril journalled in the headstock brackets. A lever mounted to the top of
the sliding mandril. A projecting arm mounted to the headstock, supports
hinged to the projecting arm and the lever, springs mounted to the lever and
arm, a flexible mandril mounted to the lower end of the sliding mandril, an
apparatus mounted to the lower end of the flexible mandril, a reservoir cap
mounted to the apparatus, a reservoir mounted adjustable to the cap, a rubber,
pad or bob mounted adjustable to the reservoir, the rubber pad or bob being
covered with linen and secured adjustable by an india rubber band substan-
tially as described and illustrated by the drawings.
2. In a machine or apparatus of the character described, the combination of a
base a driving shaft journalled on the base. A driving pulley mounted on the
driving shaft and overhanging one of the plummer blocks, a standard or frame
mounted in the base. Two guide pulleys mounted on the main standard or
frame one on each side. A sliding bracket mounted between guides which
guides are screwed to main standard or frame. A screw mounted in a bracket
which bracket is secured to the main standard or frame. A cog wheel mounted
to the top of the screw. A combined cog and hand wheel mounted central to
a bracket which bracket is mounted to the main standard or frame substantially
as described and illustrated by the drawing.
3. In a machine or apparatus of the character described, the combination of
a base, a standard or frame mounted in the base and secured by set screws.

page_text: frame.
A sliding bracket reciprocable between guides screwed to the main standard or
A bracket mounted to the inner standard which bracket receives the
screw for reciprocating the inner standard, two guide pulleys mounted loose
upon the sliding bracket, a small guide pulley mounted to the main standard
or frame above the sliding bracket, a cord secured to a weight which cord
passes through a groove or channel in the sliding bracket and passed over small
guide pulley and secured to the top of the sliding bracket substantially as
described and illustrated by the drawings.
4. In a machine or apparatus of the character described, the combination of a
base or support. A main standard or frame mounted in the base or support.
An inner standard mounted in the main standard or frame and supported by a
bracket and screw. A driving belt from driving pulley passing over guide
pulleys mounted to the sliding bracket and passing under guide pulleys
mounted to the main standard or frame and carried over guide pulleys mounted
to the inner standard. The belt being continued around the step pulley which
pulley revolves loose upon the shaft and supported by a collar substantially as
described and illustrated by the drawings.
5. In a machine or apparatus of the character described, the combination of
a base or support. A main standard or frame an inner standard. Two brackets
mounted to the inner standard one .above the other in a vertical line. A shaft
mounted in a tubular frame or radial arm by cups, cones and balls, which shaft
is secured in brackets by set screws, a shaft mounted in a tubular frame or
radial arm and adjusted by cups, cones, and balls, which shaft is secured in
brackets of the former frame or arm by set screws, a step pulley mounted loose
upon each shaft and supported by collars, substantially as described by the
drawing.
6. In a machine or apparatus of the character described, the combination of
two tubular frames or radial arm having ball hinged joints, two step pulleys
mounted loose upon each shaft and supported by collars, a face plate mounted
to one of the tubular frames or radial arm, a tiltable headstock mounted central
to the face plate and secured by nuts from behind, two conical pins hinged to
levers the levers are hinged to two studs which studs are riveted to the head-
stock and kept at tension by springs, the conical pins enter corresponding
holes in the face plate and secures the tiltable headstock to a limited angle, a
projecting arm mounted to the tiltable headstock, a lever mounted to the top
of the sliding mandril, and supported by uprights from the projecting arm, two
springs mounted from the lever to the projecting arm to keep a tension upon
the sliding mandril, substantially as described and illustrated by the drawings.
7. In a machine or apparatus of the character described, the combination of
a tiltable headstock mounted central, to the face plate, a sliding mandril
mounted in brackets of the headstock and adjusted in bearing brasses therein
by caps, and set screws, a pulley mounted loose on the sliding mandril this
pulley is provided with a feather key which enters a longitudinal groove in the
sliding mandril, a flexible mandril secured detachable to the lower end of the
sliding mandril, an apparatus secured detachable to the lower end of the said
flexible mandril, a reservoir cap secured detachable to the apparatus, a reservoir
secured detachable to the reservoir cap, a rubber pad or bob secured detachable
to the reservoir, the rubber pad or bob being covered by linen & secured detach-
able by india rubber band substantially as described and illustrated by the
drawings.
8. In a polishing machine or apparatus, the combination of a base or support,
a shaft journalled in plummer blocks which plummer blocks are secured to the base
or support, a main standard or frame, an inner standard to be raised or lowered at
the will of the operator, a radial arm or 2 tubular frames supported by the inner
standard, a tiltable headstock adjustable, a sliding mandril kept at tension by
springs, a flexible mandril mounted detachable to the lower end of sliding mandril,
an apparatus mounted detachable to the lower end of the flexible mandril on which

page_text: a handle is supplied to be grasped by the operator, a reservoir cap secured
detachable to the spindle in the apparatus, a reservoir secured detachable to the
cap, a rubber, pad, or bob secured detachable to the under side of the reservoir,
the rubbers, pads, or hobs, are covered with linen and secured by an india
rubber band substantially as described and illustrated by the drawings.
Dated this Third day of November Eighteen hundred and ninety-eight.
CROMWELL WALTER JONES.
HERBERT WEBB.