IMPROVEMENTS IN PURIFYING TURPENTINE
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Bauzemont, of Paris, France, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PURIFYING TURPENTINE."
Sealed the 23rd September 1856, and dated tho 3rd June 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Bauzemont at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd June 1856:
: I, JOSEPH BAUZEMONT, of Paris, France, do hereby declare the; nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PURIFYING TUEPENTINE," to be as
follows:
My Invention consists of purifying turpentine by the application of certain
substances which free it from, all resins, acids, salts, fatty & extraneous
matters it may contain. I distill over a small, fire in a common alembic
40 lbs. of turpentine, together with 2 lbs. of pulverized coal, 2 lbs. of straw,
sainfoin, paper, or any similar. & suitable substance, & 2 lbs. of pure water.
The pulverized coal, being enclosed in a linen bag, is laid in the liquids to
be distilled, the straw or other suitable substance is next put in; when the.
distillation is effected the spirit is left for some time exposed to the open air, to
allow the gases formed during the distilling process to evolve. The coal will
absorb all the fatty matters, the straw, or other similar substance will soak up:

page_text: the resinous compounds that are found in ordinary turpentine, & the water
will free it from all acids & organic salts. This product thus obtained alone
or mixed with other compounds, may be used as ordinary turpentine, & is
particularly applicable when properly mixed with æther to cleansing stuffs, &c.
or taking out spots of oil, grease, &c. The following proportions are the most
efficacious:-1st, Tether & turpentine; 2nd, ether & turpentine ;
3rd, ether & turpentine.
After a complete mixture of the two liquids, the 1st compound may be
used for taking out spots from coarse stuffs; the 2nd compound for cleansing
skins & other textile fabrics; the 3rd compound for taking out very fatty
oily-spots from the most delicate fabrics.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Bauzemont in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
1st December 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
BAUZEMONT, of Paris, France, send greeting.
WHEREAS IIer most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Iler reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Joseph Bauzemont, Her special licence that I, the said Joseph Bauzemont, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Joseph
Bauzemont, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PURIFYING
TURPENTINE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Joseph
Bauzemont, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Bauzemont, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Inventiou, and in what manner the same is to be

page_text: performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My Invention relates, 1st, to the purification of turpentine, and, 2ndly, to.
the mixture of the turpentine so purified with ether for producing liquids
applicable for cleaning cloths or other stuffs or fabrics.
My improved processes consist in purifying the turpentine of commerce by
distilling together with the materials and in the proportions as follows:
1st, spirit of ordinary turpentine, forty pounds (avoirdupois); 2nd, of vegetable.
coal pulverised, two pounds (avoirdupois); 3rd, of sainfoin, straw, paper, or
any analogous substance, two pounds (avoirdupois); 4th, pure water, two pounds.
(avoirdupois).
The distillation is effected over a small fire in a common alembic or still
having a double bottom and a swan neck...
The pulverised coal is inclosed, in a linen bag immersed in the liquid
immediately over the double bottom, the inner bottom being studded with
numerous perforations; the straw material is placed over the bag containing
the coal. When the distillation is completed it is only necessary to decant or
draw off the product obtained and afterwards to separate it from the water.
evaporated with it, and preserve it in well stoppered bottles.
The coal and the straw absorb all the fatty, bituminous, and resinous matters,
and all the carburated compounds that existed in the turpentine, and the
water takes up the acid and organic salts previously held in solution by the
turpentine.
The products thus obtained may be distilled a second or a third time,
according to the same process.
The turpentine thus purified can be used for all the applications of ordinary
essence of turpentine, and is particularly applicable for cleaning and scouring
purposes.
My Invention consists also in mixing the purified turpentine thus obtained
immediately after distillation with ether, which combination of ether and
turpentine is adapted for cleaning purposes in cloths and stuffs of the kinds
most difficult to be cleaned. These mixtures are formed as follows, according
to the purposes for which they may be required:-First mixture, one-tenth of
ether, mixed with nine-tenths of purified turpentine; second mixture, one-fifth
of ether, mixed with four-fifths of purified turpentine; third mixture, two-fifths
of ether, mixed with three-fifths of purified turpentine.
After the complete maceration or combination of the two liquids, which
requires, according to the temperature, from three to six days, they may be
employed for the purposes required. The first for cleaning simple spots or

page_text: stains on coarse cloths or stuffs; the second liquor may be used for cleaning
skins and textile fabrics generally; the third liquor for removing stains or.
spots that are difficult to be removed from the most delicate fabrics.
The above liquors must be preserved in well stoppered bottles or other
vessels closed air-tight.
Having described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of performing
the same, I desire it to be understood that I claim as my Invention and
exclusive right,-
1st, to purify turpentine by distilling it with the materials as herein-before
described.
2nd, the composition of the cleaning liquors, as above specified, or any other
combination or use of the turpentine so purified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Bauzemont, have hereunto set
my hand and scal, this First day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.