IMPROVEMENTS IN OPEN FIRE-PLACES FOR HEATING APART- MENTS OR CHAMBERS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Jobson, Edgar Williman Jobson, and
Godfrey Jobson, all of Derby, in the County of Derby, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OPEN FIRE-PLACES FOR HEATING APART-
MENTS OR CHAMBERS."
Sealed the 9th May 1878, and dated the 8th March 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Jobson, Edgar
Williman Jobson, and Godfrey Jobson at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 8th March 1878.
We, JOHN JOBSON, EDGAR WILLIMAN JOBSON, and GODFREY JOBSON,
all of Derby, in the County of Derby, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OPEN FIRE-PLACES FOR HEATING
APARTMENTS OR CHAMBERS," to be as follows:-
The object of the Invention is to facilitato the heating and circulation
of the air of the apartment in which the firc-place is applied, also to
promote ventilation and economizo fucl. For this purpose, the air
passing from the apartment to the flue by the fire-place is divided by a
separating plate or plates, so that only a part of it passes through the

page_text: fire or acts immediately on the products of combustion arising therefrom,
the remainder unites with that only above the separating plate or plates.
These separting plates for the convenience of cleansing the chimnics are
movable, so as to be hung when in use on studs or projections, or such
like means.
In place of bars at the bottom as a grate, we generally employ solid
fire-brick, which in some cases we extend up the sides and back to the
height of the fuel, and then we continue a succession of overhanging
surfaces or inverted shelves or steps, one above the other, adapted-to
check the upward current of the smoke and facilitate the action of the
flame and other heated products thereon, as well as to aid in commu-
nicating heat to the back of the fire-place for heating, and thereby
causing the circulation of air in a chamber behind and at the sides of
the fire-place, the air to such chamber being admitted under or at the
sides of the fire-place, or at such other parts as may be desired, with
conducting or guiding plates when necessary, and escaping after
circulation again into the apartment or chamber.
We sometimes employ a metal in place of a fire-brick bottom, and the
metal shelves may, if desired, be continued down to the fire-brick or
other bottom of the fire-place.
To facilitate the action of the heat of the fire in the fire-place in
heating the air in this air-heating chamber, we also in some cases form
the surface of the fire-place next the air-heating chamber with projecting
ribs or "gills."
The air-heating chamber may be employed in heating the air of the
samé or another or other chambers.
We also in some cases extend the lower part of the metal frame into
the apartment, so as thereby to form a hearth as part of such fire-place,
to receive ornamental or other fire-tile, and under which a passage or
passages may be formed to the air-heating chamber at the back and
sides.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patont,
filed by the said John Jobson, Edgar Williman Jobson, and
Godfrey Jobson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 3rd
September 1878.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN-
JOBSON, EDGAR WILLIMAN JOBSON, and GODFREY JOBSON, all of Derby,
in the County of Derby, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of March, in the year of
our Lord Ono thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said John Jobson, Edgar Williman Jobson, and
Godfrey Jobson, Her special licenso that we, the said John Jobson,
Edgar Williman Jobson, and Godfrey Jobson, our exccutors, adminis.
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said John Jobson, Edgar
Williman Jobson, and Godfrey Jobson, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
timo and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within tho
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OPEN FIRE-PLACES FOR
HEATING APARTMENTS OR CHAMBERS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that wo, the said John Jobson, Edgar Williman Jobson, and Godfrey
Jobson, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our or their hands and scals, or under the hand and scal of one
of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what-manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, tho said John Jobson, Edgar Williman
Jobson, and Godfrey Jobson, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, that is to say :-
The object of the Invention is to facilitate the heating and circulation

page_text: of the air of the apartment in which the fire-place is applied, also to
promote ventilation and economise fuel. For this purpose, the air
passing from the apartment to the flue by the fire-place is divided by a
separating plate or plates, so that only a part of it passes through the
fire or acts immediately on the products of combustion arising therefrom, 5
the remainder unites with that only above the separating plate or plates.
These separating plates for the convenience of cleansing the chimneys
are moveable, so as to be hung when in use on studs or projections or
such like means.
In place of bars at the bottom as a grate, we generally employ solid 1
fire-brick, which in some cases we extend up the sides and back to the
height of the fuel, and then we continue a succession of overhanging
surfaces or inverted shelves or steps, one above the other, adapted to
check the upward current of the smoke and facilitate the action of the
flame and other heated products thereon, as well as to aid in commu- 1
nicating heat to the back of the fire-place for heating, and thereby
causing the circulation of air in a chamber behind and at the sides of
the fire-place, the air to such chamber being admitted under or at the
sides of the fire-place, or at such other parts as may be desired, with
conducting or guiding plates when necessary, and escaping after 2
circulation again into the apartment or chamber.
We sometimes employ a metal in place of a fire-brick bottom, and the
metal shelves may, if desired, be continued down to the fire-brick or
other bottom of the fire-place.
To facilitate the action of the heat of the fire in the fire-place in 2
heating the air in this air-heating chamber, wo also in some cases form
the surface of the fire-place next the air-heating chamber with projecting
ribs or "gills."
The air-heating chamber may be employed in heating the air of the
same or another or other chambers or apartments.
But that the Invention may be fully understood, we will by the aid of
the accompanvine Drawings procond to describo moons nursued he us in
3

page_text: vertical section; and Figure 4, a horizontal section of the same;
Figuro 5 is a top view of the dividing plate. In cach of the views the
same letters indicate corresponding parts wherever they occur.
-a¨ is the firo-chamber or receptacle for the fuel to be consumed, and
bb, b, b, tho front bars thereto.. The lower of these bars 6' is formed
with a front plate 63 continuing down, and perforated at & for the
admission of air to the lower part of the fuel. The part of the fire-placo
on which the fuel rests as well as the back to the height of that supposed
under all ordinary circumstances to be occupied by the fuel is lined
O with fire-brick c, c; but such application of fire-brick does not constituto
a part of the present Invention. From the bars b, b, 6, to the part d'is
the opening for the admission of air to the chimney from the apartment
to mix with the products of combustion or heated air generated by the
fire in the fire-place a. e is the separating plate which is hung at or
5 about the point e¹, and is capable of being tilted, as is indicated by the
dotted line e. In order to facilitato the adjustment of the position of
the plate e, that plate is provided with a lover f, which turns upon a
centre of motion f¹ on the plate e, and the outer end of it f³ acts as a
handle for operating it, whilst the inner end' is adapted to rest as
> required against one or other of the steps or undulations formed in tho
plato g, but this modo of adjustment to the plate e may be varied. Tho
plate by its undulations forms the succession of overhanging surfaces
or inverted shelves or steps by which to check the upward current of
the flame and other heated products rising between the plato e, and
plate g, as well as to aid in communicating heat to the chamber h at the
back and sides thereof. The action of the plate e is to divido the air
entering the opening formed between the bars b, b, 6', and the point d,
so that part of it may pass up in front of that plate e and through
openings e³ therein to the chimney, only then to mix with that portion
of air which passes in under the bottom edge of the plate e and between
the fire-bars, to mix directly with the flame and other products of com.
bustion from the fire. Tho plate g is formed with ribs or "gills " Ø¹,
which separately considered do not form part of our Invention, but they
servo to aid in conducting heat from the plate to the chamber h
behind. The upper part of the chamber h is closed from the chimney
by the plato ', which is shewn partly removed in Figure 2, and the air
to be heated in the chamber his supplied either from the apartment in
which the fire-placo is fixed through passages formed to conduct it to

page_text: the channel, or through openings in the side plates of the front of the
fire-place, as indicated by the dotted lines i, or in other suitable position,
or it may be supplied from another apartment or from the exterior of
the building in which such apartment is situated through a passage j or
otherwise, and it is allowed to escape when heated into the apartment by i
passages k or otherwise, as may be desired.
We also in some cases extend the lower part of the metal frame into
the apartment, so as thereby to form a hearth as part of such fire-place,
to receive ornamental or other fire-tile, and under which the passage or
passages may be formed to the air-heating chamber at the back and 1
sides. It will thus be seen that such fire-places retain the distinctive
feature of that now known as the Abbotsford, viz., of burning the
fuel on a fire-brick block inserted into an iron tray placed a little above
the level of the hearth.
g
An object of the improvements is to economize and make use of that
portion of the fuel which is usually lost or wasted, viz., the black smoke
by burning it, and this is effected by forming a chamber or passage
behind the plate e, immediately above the fire in the fire-place a, in
which chamber or passage the smoke becomes burnt before it can escape
to the chimney. This plate e is so arranged as in a great measure to
prevent the smoke and hot gases from becoming intermingled with and
diluted by the air passing from the room to the chimney, whilst the
successivo steps and the extended surface thereby obtained to the
surface by checking the too free upward passage of the smoke causes
it to be burnt, and the heat from the flame thereof is transmitted by the
gill plates to a current of air passing through the chamber h. The
plate e which is looso and adjustable thus acts as a divider and controller
of the air going from the room to the chimney, and not as a draw plate
or blower. Its effect is as indicated to divide the current of air into two
portions, part of which passes to the chimney in front of the plate, the
remainder which is for the combustion of the fuel and gases there-
from goes through the fire-bars or over them, and up under the
plate e with the smoke, causing any black smoke to be ignited and
consumed.
Having thus described our Invention, and means which we adopt in

page_text: regulate and divide the air passing into the opening of the fire-place,
substantially as described.
Secondly. We claim the adaptation or combination of means for use
in open fire-places for heating apartments or chambers, whereby the
flame and heated products of combustion are acted upon by a plato g
with corrugations or steps forming increased length of heating surface
thereto, adapted to check the progress of such flame and heated
products, and aided by ribs or gills at the back thereof to impart heat to
air passing through a chamber h, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Jobson, Edgar Williman
Jobson, and Godfrey Jobson, have hereunto set our hands and
seals, this First day of September, in the year of our Lord Ono
thousand cight hundred and seventy three.