Year: 1888

page_text: ROBERT COOKE SAYER 11 Clyde Road, Redland, Bristol, Civil Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
It consists of substituting for the usual tanks that occupy space beyond the walls,
other tanks so formed that the walls themselves shall be hollow and contain the water
or other liquid required to be stored, both in the form of 1st, boundary walls to
gardens, estates or other, and 2nd the walls of buildings they are to be made of
different material consistent either with the climate or the purposes for which the
liquid is to be used.
See the drawing which shows at Figs. 1 and 2 a longitudinal and transverse section
respectively of a boundary wall tank made of galvanized iron, where a, a are the sides,
it is formed in the usual manner of such ironwork; at intervals it is to have a shaft b,
to cause a circulation of air within without the rain or other liquids finding their
way in is shown in sectional detail at Fig. 3 where two sides of the shaft are
turned over at C, and immediately under a tray d is fixed and anything falling
upon it is washed away by the rain, while the air passes in or out as shown by the
arrows. The cover is made watertight, turned over and notched as shown to
prevent animals from getting up. Anchor plates are let into the ground (to give
stability) and attached to the bottom of the tanks by bolts.
A vertical perforated division G is made to form a box, in which chalk is placed
below the inlet J when desired, doors being provided to supply and cleanse it out.
When it is required to have tanks fixed on the top of walls in lieu of their coping,
the upper portion of the above is to be used, as shown at Fig. 2 where F (doited)
is the wall and K. L. M. N is the tank: similar ventilating shafts are fixed as above.
When the walls of buildings are to be utilised as storage Tanks they are formed as
shown at Fig. 4. in transverse section where O. P. Q. R give the slates and boarding,
purlin and principal of a roof-S are the plates forming the supporting wall and
tank, provided with butt joints and cover plates under the principals and lap joints
elsewhere-bolts T with distance thimbles or tubes over them keep the plates in

page_text: position and secure Q and R directly with the wall-T are so spaced over the superficial
area of the wall as to keep S from buckling, and the thickness of S, are proportionate
to the strength required, and when the span of the roof is considerable Q is to be
carried down and bent round so as to rest upon an enlargement of the base plate U
and concrete base V-The top of the wall tank is covered in with the cornice
shoot W, and a metal or other frieze, or other architectural feature is secured by T—
The whole of the metal work in contact with the liquid tank is to be galvanized.
When it is required to use tanks formed of slate stone, concrete, or other rigid
slabs for the purpose of boundary walls they are constructed as shown at Figs. 5. 6
and 7 in clovation, transverse section, and plan respectively, where a are the side,
6 the end and C the bottom slabs-these are butt jointed in all cases the one slab
resting against or upon the other, and they are held in place, and made water tight
as shown, and in detail at Figs. 8 to 13-Top horizontal bolts E are provided with
thimbles or tubes over them inside, and spring washers similar in section to M Fig. 12
(to be explained) outside the tank, the latter give upon expansion and contraction, con-
sequent upon frost-E also at the end of the tank carry short bolts which support the
end slabs b.
The vertical bolts F connect the bottom with the side slabs, and prevent the former
from spreading at the top F are bent over and clip the slab (in a notch) and when the
tank is long, those between the ends are continued down diagonally to the bottom,
each to the respective opposite side and secured to one of the joint bolts (to be
explained) and thus maintains lateral rigidity-the bottom slabs C. C are secured
as shown in detail at Fig. S in vertical section, where F passes through C at the
joint d two small bolts also pass through C with wedge heads as shown, and the
washer plate H is turned up at each end to suit the heads, so that as F is tightened
up C are drawn together longitudinally, and C. C are together drawn toward a
vertically. The end pair of verticals Fare similarly formed, and E pass through
them The joints between a. b and C at the bottom are formed as shown at Figs. 9
and 10 in vertical section, where C is the bottom, the side slabs, and L a bolt
passing through a longitudinal strip of iron M placed diagonally against and d
Lalso passes through d and has a stirrup bolt K with a clip washer-the ends of
K pass through C, and when L is tightened up d is fixed holes are made in M for
the purpose of running in liquid cement, asphaltum, elastic glue or the like.
The transverse bottom joint d are made as shown at Fig. 12 in vertical section,
where C. Care the bottom slabs. La bolt passing partly through each, and M. is a
longitudinal, curved piece of iron (sectionally as shown having an amount of spring—
when the nut of L is tightened up M is compressed and the cement is run in.
The vertical joints d are made as shown at Fig. 13 in horizontal section where
a. a are the slabs. L the bolt passing through them and M is similar to M Fig. 12,
when L is tightened up the cement is poured into the top between M and a.
The end vertical joints are shown at Fig. 11 and are formed and act in a similar
manner to those explained.
Upon expansion by frost the washers of E give, the end joints are opened but keep
good by the enclosed elastic cement being drawn over with it, and thus fractures of
the slabs are prevented.
The top of the tank is provided with air shafts and enclosed in a similar manner to
that explained for the galvanized tanks Figs. 1 and 2 with notched edges, and is held
down by clips grasping the bolts E Figs. 6 and 7 and also ears bolted to b. b-These
tanks conform to the surface of the ground by steps, each being a separate tank but
connected when required.
All the ironwork is to be galvanized.
When Ware pipes are obtainable and the above are not tanks as boundary walls
are formed of socket pipes fitted together with cement or other joints as shown at
Figs. 14 and 15 in transverse section and part sectional elevation respectively, where
a are the pipes resting upon a bed of concrete band supported by the occasional
butress (formed partly hollow) and pannel walling d-the pipes end with plugged
cover exit sockets E abutting against a cross wall For other firm terminal.

page_text: The pipes a have occasional joint diaphragms G perforated: these support warming
pipes H that have expansion joints J-a furnace or gas jet is provided to heat the
pipes I and prevent damage by frost G carry occasional rubber valves K that open
with the supply, but in case of leakage close and prevent the escape of the liquid
on the other side-These ware pipe tanks are also to be used as coping to walls and
formed by one row of pipes.
All the above are to be of any length and fitted with draw off, flushing taps, and
fire hose connections as required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invon-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1st. The construction of storage tanks for liquids in the form of and to act as
boundary walls, or the walls of buildings, of the several material, substantially as
described.
2nd. The construction of the galvanized iron wall tanks together with the means
of ventilating, while foreign liquids or solids are excluded, and the means adopted
for keeping animals from the top substantially as described.
3rd. The coping tank of either material substantially as described.
4th. The means adopted of connecting the principals of the roofs of buildings when
the walls are formed as storage tanks substantially as described.
5th. The construction of elastic tanks of slate or other rigid materials whereby
the sides will give outwards, while the joints remain good, together with the con-
struction of the tank, and also that of the elastic joints substantially as described.
6th. The construction of socket ware pipe wall tanks, together with the means of
warming the contents, and the system of subdivision by means of diaphragms and
valves to prevent their escape beyond the division in which a fracture may occur
substantially as described.
Dated this 9th day of October 1888.