IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAMBER OR FLAT-BOTTOMED CANDLESTICKS
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Harcourt and Joseph Harcourt, of
Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Brass Founders (trading under
the style or firm of "Harcourt Brothers"), for the Invention of
IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAMBER OR FLAT-BOTTOMED CANDLESTICKS."
Sealed the 20th October 1854, and dated the 21st April 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Harcourt and
Joseph Harcourt at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 21st April 1854.
We, WILLIAM HARCOURT and JOSEPH HARCOURT, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Brass Founders (trading under the style or firm of
"Harcourt Brothers"), do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAMBER OR FLAT-BOTTOMED CANDLESTICKS" to be as
follows (that is to say):-
Our Invention consists in making a match box, a part of or an appendage
to such description of candlesticks; and such match box may be made in various
ways, such as forming it in connection with the handle, or by sinking a suitable
cavity for the reception of such matches, at the same time that the candlestick
bottom is formed or stamped; or such receptacle may be made of tube, and
soldered or otherwise united to such candlesticks; and when such candlesticks
are made of china or earthenware, the receptacle for the matches may be
formed at the same time the candlestick is being made, or made in such a.
manner that a metallic box may be applied.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Harcourt and Joseph Harcourt in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 21st October 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
HARCOURT and JOSEPH HARCOURT (trading under the style or firm of
Harcourt Brothers), of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of April, in the seventeenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said William Harcourt and Joseph Harcourt, Her special license that we,
the said William Harcourt and Joseph Harcourt, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said William Harcourt and Joseph
Harcourt, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAMBER OR FLAT-
BOTTOM CANDLESTICKS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
William Harcourt and Joseph Harcourt, by an instrument in writing under
our hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
our said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Harcourt and Joseph Har-
court, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement (that is to say) :-
Our improvements_in_chamber or flat-bottomed candlesticks consist_in_com-
bining with the candlestick a receptacle for matches; and this we effect in
various ways, such as by forming a sunken part for holding the matches at the
same time that the bottom of the candlestick is being stamped; or by forming
a match box in connexion with the handle; or such receptacle may be made of
tube, and united to the bottom of the candlestick, and which may be further
secured by being united to the handle of such candlestick. When such candle-
sticks are made of china or earthenware, a part may be formed at the same
time for holding matches; and such part may have a top or cover made of the
same material, and which may be united to the match receptacle by a metal

page_text: mounting and hinge joint, or the top may be made wholly of metal. We will
here observe, that since making our declaration we have discovered that recep-
tacles for holding matches have been before applied to that description of
candlesticks named in our title. In one instance we have found that a receptacle
for holding matches had been applied to a chamber candlestick made of soft,
white or Tutania metal, which match receptacle was of an upright cylindrical
form, and intended also to form a stand or rest for the extinguisher, and which
of course in use would deposit grease and the snuffs around the edge of such
receptacle. In another instance we have found that a flat match box has been
formed and afterwards united to the candlestick bottom; thus, in both cases, the
desideratum of combining in an unique and useful manner a receptacle for
matches with chamber candlesticks had been a failure. These defects, however,
are entirely overcome by the various ways herein stated of combining match
receptacles with chamber or flat-bottomed candlesticks. And in order that
we may better define in what our Invention consists, and the manner in which
we propose to carry the same into effect, we have considered it necessary to
exhibit the same in the Drawings hereunto annexed, and which we will proceed
to describe.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
In Sheet 1, Figs. 1 and 2 exhibit our plan of uniting match receptacles or
boxes to the bottoms and handles of brass chamber candlesticks. Fig. 1 is an
elevation, shewing the bottom and receptacle in section. The receptacle A is
made of tube, and is united to the bottom, side, and handle at once, by the pin
or. rivet a, and it will be seen that the form of the bottom is made in the shape
best suited for the application of the tube, forming also the bottom of the
match box. The handle is also united by solder or rivet to the top of the tube
at b. c is the cover of the box, secured to the handle by the hinge joint at d.
Fig. 2 is simply a top view of the last Figure, the letters of reference being the
same. Fig. 3 represents the same description of candlestick, with a differently
shaped bottom and handle, but put together in a similar way. Fig. 4 is
another diversification of the same description of candlestick, the match box t
being raised and united to the bottom of the candlestick by solder or otherwise,
the cover being united to the same at e. Or the box t may be so formed as to
turn over on the top edge, and clip the raised edge of the bottom at u, u. Or
the box t may be made of tube, with a soldered-in bottom, and of sufficient
height fo a flat top, similiar to that in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 represents a tin candle-
stick, the box being of the tubular or cylindrical form, and united to the candle-
stick by the bottom being pierced to receive it, as shown by the dotted lines
atf. We have shown the handle dotted, as it may or may not be attached to

page_text: the match box. We propose that such tin candlesticks be finished by being
japanned, and the cover of the match box in the better kinds may be made of
brass, thus realizing the utility, economy, and appearance required. We have
also found that by combining the box and handle together we are enabled to
make the article economically and strong; and the manner in which we do this
is shown at Fig. 6, which represents a piece of tin of the proper form, the parts
g, h, being intended for turning over to form a bead on the handle, and the
part j, j, to turn over and form a bead around the box, which, will be made by
uniting to l, as shown in plan at Fig. 6 a;. Fig. 7 being a top view of the
cover and hinge joint.. Referring to Fig. 5, the box cover and handle, as
there represented, assume the same shape as if made in the
at Figs 6, 6a, and 7..
manner described
In Sheet 2, Fig. 8 represents the top view of a flat-bottomed candlestick,
with a sunken cavity formed for holding the matches, and which cavity is made.
at the same time the bottom is stamped. Over this cavity is shown the cover
m, united to the plinth of the candle holder by the hinge joint n, n., Fig. 9 is
a vertical section of the bottom, cover, and hinge joint, as taken through o, P
of the last Figure. Fig. 10 also represents a section of the candlestick bottom
and box taken through r, s, shewing the cover elevated and roughed, for the
purpose of striking the match on for igniting it. We may here observe that,
to prevent disfiguring the box, as described in Figs. 1, 3, 4, and 5, we pro-
pose either to roughen a slip of metal, or provide a small strip of sand paper
or glass paper, and attached to any suitable material (in order that it may be
sufficiently stiffened), and which strip of roughened metal or prepared sand or
glass paper we intend to put within the match box or receptacle, so that it may
be taken out when used and then replaced. Or if it should be considered
preferable, a rough. groove may be formed up the side of the tube, or in some
convenient part of the candlestick bottom.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is carried into effect, we wish it to be understood that what we
claim as of our Invention is,
Firstly, the application to chamber candlesticks made of china or earthen-
ware of a receptacle for holding matches, without any regard to the shape or
position of such receptacle in relation to the candlestick, or to the manner of
constructing and applying. covers to the said match receptacles..
Secondly, in the manner of applying match boxes to chamber candlesticks, as
shown at Figs. 1 and 2, Sheet 1, without any regard to the form of the box or
match receptacle, cover, or handle, as the whole may be varied, as shown at
Fig. 3.

page_text: Thirdly, in the mode of applying match boxes to candlesticks, as shown at
Fig. 4, without any regard to the sectional shape of the bottom of the candle-
stick, or to the transverse sectional form of the match box and cover.
Fourthly, in the mode of applying match boxes to candlesticks, as repre-
sented at Fig. 5, whether the handle be or be not connected to such match
box.
Fifthly, in the mode of applying match boxes to candlesticks in combination
with a handle, as exhibited at Fig. 6, and the mode of applying covers to the
same, as shown at Fig. 7, as herein-before described.
Sixthly, in the use of brass for the covers of such match receptacles or boxes
when they and the candlesticks are made of tin.
Seventhly, the stamping and combining our trade mark or Patent notifica-
tion with the covers of such match boxes, whether such covers be united by
hinges or otherwise.
Eighthly, in the forming a sunken cavity or receptacle for holding matches
in the bottoms, of candlesticks, as exhibited in Figs. 8, 9, and 10, without any
regard to the position or shape of such cavity or bottom, provided such cavity
be formed at the same time as the bottom by the well-known process of
stamping.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Harcourt and Joseph Harcourt,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Nineteenth day of October,
in the year of our Lord 1854.
WILLIAM HARCOURT. (L.S.)
JOSEPH HARCOURT.
(L.S.)
WILLIAM HARCOURT. (L.S.
JOSEPH HARCOURT.
(L.S.)