Improved Pedal and Pedal Bearing.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Mar., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 31st Dec., 1898-Accepted. 28th Jan. 1899
Date of Application, 1st Mar., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 31st Dec., 1898-Accepted. 28th Jan.. 1899
Improved Pedal and Pedal Bearing.
We, MARMADUKE MATTHEWS, Artist, ALEXANDER JARDINE, Manufacturer, and
AGNES JARDINE, wife of the said Alexander Jardine, all of the Village of Bracon-
dale, in the County of York, and Province of Ontario, Canada, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to certain improvements in a pedal described in British
Letters Patent Number 18894 issued on the 26th of August 1896 to Alfred J.
Boult, as a communication from us, and has for its object to make the pedal
stronger, neater and adjustable in width, to provide it with a simple and efficient
bearing, and a secure lock for the bearing adjustment. With this object in view,
this invention consists of a pedal spindle and a casing formed in two parts screwed
together so that the ball bearings between the casing and spindle may be adjusted
by adjusting the casing which may be held as moved by the pedal plate. The
pedal is formed of a metal plate bent to form a rearward flange, two sides and
forward flanges or gripping pieces which form a toe clip. The sides of the pedal
are held together and are shaped to engage the casing, substantially as herein-
after more specifically described and then definitely claimed.
Figure 1, is a perspective view of the improved pedal and bearing.
Figure 2, is a cross-section of the same, provided with rubber treads.
Figure 3, is a longitudinal section of the bearing.
Figure 4, is an elevation of the spindle showing the inner half of the casing
slid back to enable the balls to be put in position.
Figure 5, is a cross-section with the plate pedal as shown in the patent here-
inbefore referred to, connected to it.
Figure 6, is a sectional front elevation of the same.
Figure 7, is a sectional elevation of a modified construction of the bearings.
Figure 8, is a perspective view of a modification of the end of a part of the
casing.
Figure 9, is a perspective view of another modification of the same.
In the drawings, like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the
different figures.
A, is the pedal spindle which may be connected to the crank in any suitable
manner. Upon this spindle are formed the cones B and C.
The casing of the bearing is formed in two parts-1), and E, which are screwed
together centrally as shown at a. Upon the parts of the casing are formed
the cups F, and G, which form, with the cones B, and C, recesses for two sets
of balls, as shown.
From the construction shown, it is evident that by revolving one part of the
casing with regard to the other, that the bearings may be accurately adjusted.
In order to lock the bearing, we may use any desired means.
We prefer,
however, to lock the parts with the aid of the pedal, as hereinafter described.
It will be observed on reference to Figs. 3 and 4, that the least diameter of

page_text: the part D, of the casing is made greater than the greatest diameter of either of
the cones or the body of the spindle, thus the part D, of the casing may be slipped
into position over the outer end of the spindle, while the latter is still secured
to the crank. It may also be slid backwards, as shown in Fig. 4, so that the
balls may be slipped into position upon the cone B. The inner diameter of the
part E, of the casing is of course greater than any portion of the body of the
spindle, though the cone end may be of any shape or construction desired to
complete the ball race at that end of the bearing.
It will be observed that the construction and the proportion of parts we have
adopted, enable us to make a complete bearing in three pieces, which has no:
heretofore been accomplished.
In Figs. 1 and 2, the construction of the pedal is clearly shown. It consists
of the plate I, bent to form a rearward flange or cross-bar J, two sides K, and
outwardly-turned foot rests L, at the outer end of each side piece, and a flange
or gripping piece M, at the outer side of each foot rest. Immediately below:
the foot rest L, we connect the two sides of the pedal by means of a cross-bar
or bolt N, provided with a nut & so that it will hold the sides of the pedal from,
spreading. Nuts or collars c are also preferably provided on the cross-bar on
the inner side of the sides of the pedal so as to hold the said sides from being
pressed together. A similar cross-bar 0, may be provided to the rear of the
spindle A. It will be noted that the ends of the cross-bars are split so that
they may be caused to have a spring pressure on the end nuts to hold them in
position.
It will be seen that the ends of the parts D, and E, of the casing have poly-
gonal portions d formed thereon. In the sides K, of the pedal, similarly-shaped
holes are formed, which engage these polygonal portions, as shown in Fig. 1,
and thus securely hold the parts of the casing from turning upon one another,
at the same time a firm support is afforded the pedal.
It will be noticed that behind each polygonal portion d is a shoulder e against
which the sides of the pedal are securely tightened by the cross-bars N and 0.
Instead of forming the polygonal portions d of an integral portion of the parts
of the casing, we may use a separate washer f (see Fig. 8). The end of the
casing is in this case turned round with a flat at one portion of its periphery.
The polygonal washer f, has a similarly-shaped hole formed therein and is pro-
vided with a shoulder against which the sides of the pedal will press to retain
it in position.
In Fig. 9, only the portion of the washer f engaging with the flat on the
casing is retained and engages with one of the sides of the polygonal hole in
the pedal, the other sides touching the casing as shown in dotted lines.
It should be observed that when we use the word "polygonal
we intend it
to refer to regular serrations of any shape. It is also evident that the casing
need not be made with completely polygonal portions (see Fig. 9). All that
is essential is that the sides and casing be so shaped that they will engage with
one another in a number of different positions to permit of and secure the
adjustment of the casing.
In Eig. 2, it will be seen that the gripping pieces M, are further from the
spindle A, than the rearward flange J, so that they will grip the sole of the foot
towards the toe and thus act as a toe-clip.
In order to balance the pedal, it is so constructed that the greater portion of
the metal therein is below the centre of the spindle and at the same time the
rearward flange is made deep to increase the weight of the metal to the rear of
the spindle. From this construction and proportion of the parts, the pedal when
not engaged with the rider's foot, lies with a forward and upward inclination
ready to be engaged by the rider's foot. In this Fig. 2 it will further be noticed
that we have provided the rearward flange J, with a rubber tread P, securely
bolted thereto. A piece of rubber tubing Q, is placed upon the cross-bar N, to
serve a similar purpose. As the cross-bar thus serves for the foot to rest upon,

page_text: the foot rests L, are not essential, though the gripping pieces M, are still neces-
sary to retain the foot in position.
In Figs. 5 and 6, the bearing is shown as used in the pedal described in the
patent above referred to. As shown, the parts of the casing are clamped between
the plates H and I, and thus held securely as adjusted.
In Fig. 7, we show the bearing as arranged to be tightened by unscrewing
one part of the casing from the other, whereas in Fig. 3, the bearing is tightened
by screwing one part of the casing upon the other. In this figure, the cones_B
and C, upon the spindle face inwardly instead of outwardly towards the ends,
and the cups F and G, face outwardly.
The polygonal portions d, of the casing are shown so arranged that the sides
of the pedal are placed upon them from the inside instead of from the outside,
as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. This construction necessitates one of the cones being
made removable. The cone B, is bored and counter-bored to receive the
shouldered end of the spindle A. The end of this spindle is split at j, and
expanded by means of a small screw so as to securely jamb the cone and spindle
together, the bore of the cone being slightly tightened at the end.
It will be observed that the principle of operation in this construction is the
same, in that the adjustment is effected by screwing the parts of the divided
casing upon one another, which parts are held as adjusted by means of the side
pieces of the pedal.
When it is desired to adjust the bearing, the cross bars holding the sides of the
pedal together, are loosened and one of the sides spring from engagement with its
half of the casing which may then be, revolved to adjust the bearing after which the
pedal side and casing are again engaged in a new position and the cross-bars
again secured.
Dated this 1st day of March Jo
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.
We, MARMADUKE MATTHEWS, Artist, ALEXANDER JARDINE, Manufacturer, and
AGNES JARDINE, wife of the said Alexander Jardine, all of the Village of Bracon-
dale, in the County of York, and Province of Ontario, Canada, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement : —
This invention relates to certain improvements in a pedal described in British
Letters Patent Number 18894 of 1896 and has for its object to make the pedal
stronger, neater, and adjustable in width, to provide it with a simple and effi-
cient bearing and a secure lock for the bearing adjustment. With this object
in view this invention consists of a pedal spindle and a casing formed in two
parts screwed together so that the ball bearings between the casing and spindle
may be adjusted by adjusting the casing which may be held as moved by the
pedal plate. The pedal is formed of a metal plate bent to form a rearward flange
iwo sides and forward flanges or gripping pieces which form a toe clip. The
sides of the pedal are held together and are shaped to engage the casing sub-
stantially as hereinafter more specifically described and then definitely claimed.

page_text: :
Referring to the drawings left with the Provisional Specification in this
case-
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the improved pedal and bearing.
Fig. 2 is a cross section of the same provided with rubber treads.
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the bearing.
Fig. 4 is an elevation of the spindle showing the inner half of the casing slid
back to enable the balls to be put in position.
Fig. 5 is a cross section with the plate pedal as shown in the patent herein-
before referred to connected to it.
Fig. 6 is a sectional front clevation of the same.
Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation of a modified construction of the bearings.
Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a modification of the end of a part of the casing.
Fig. 9 is a perspective view of another modification of the same.
In the drawings like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the
different figures.
A is the pedal spindle which may be connected to the crank in any suitable
manner. Upon this spindle are formed the cones B and C.
The casing of the bearings is formed in two parts D and E which are screwed
together centrally as shown at a. Upon the parts of the casing are formed the
cups F and G which form with the concs B and C recesses for two sets of balls
as shown.
From the construction shown it is evident that by revolving one part of the
casing with regard to the other that the bearings may he accurately adjusted.
In order to lock the bearing we may use any desirable means.
however to lock the parts with the aid of the pedal as hereinafter described.
We prefer
It will be observed on reference to Figs. 3 and 4 that the least diameter of
the part of the casing is made greater than the greatest diameter of either
of the cones or the body of the spindle thus the part. D of the casing may be
slipped into position over the outer end of the spindle while the latter is still
secured to the crank. It may also be slid backwards as shown in Fig. 4 so that
the balls may be slipped into position upon the cone B.
The inner diameter of the part. E of the casing is of course greater than any
portion of the body of the spindle though the cone end may be of any shape or
construction desired to complete the ball race at that end of the bearing.
It will be observed that the construction and the proportion of parts we have
adopted enable us to make a complete bearing in three pieces which has not
heretofore been accomplished.
In Figs. I and 2 the construction of the pedal is clearly shown. It consists
of the plate I bent to form a rearward flange or cross bar J two sides K and out-
wardly turned foot rests L at the outer end of each side piece and a flange or
gripping niece M at the outer side of each foot rest. Immediately below the
foot rest L we connect the two sides of the pedal by means of a cross bar or
bolt N provided with a nut b so that it will hold the sides of the pedal from
spreading. Nuts or collars c are also advantageously provided on the cross-bar
on the inner side of the sides of the pedal so as to hold the said sides from being
pressed together. A similar cross-bar 0 may be provided to the rear of the
spindle A.
It will be noted that the ends of the cross-bars are split so that they may be
caused to have a spring pressure on the end nuts to hold them in position.
It will be seen that the ends of the parts D and E of the casing have polygonal
portions d formed thereon. In the sides K of the pedal similarly shaped holes
are formed which engage these polygonal portions as shown in Fig. I and thus
securely hold the parts of the casing from turning upon one another at the same
time a firm support is afforded the pedal.
It will be noticed that behind each polygonal portion d is a shoulder e against
which the sides of the pedal are securely tightened by the cross-bars N and 0.
Instead of forming the polygonal portions d of an integral portion of the parts

page_text: of the casing we may use a separate washer f (see Fig. 8). The end of the casing
is in this case turned round with a flat at one portion of its periphery. The
polygonal washer f has a similarly shaped hole formed therein and provided
with a shoulder g against which the sides of the pedal will press to retain it in
position.
In Fig. 9 only the portion of the washer f engaging with the flat on the casing
is retained and engages with one of the sides of the polygonal hole in the pedal
the other sides touching the casing as shown in dotted lines.
It should be observed that when we use the word "polygonal
we intend it
to refer to regular serrations of any shape. It is also evident that the casing
need not be made with completely polygonal portions (see Fig. 9). All that
is essential is that the sides and casing be so shaped that they will engage with
one another in a number of different positions to permit of and secure the adjust-
ment of the casing.
In Fig. 2 it will be seen that the gripping pieces M are further from the
spindle A than the rearward flange J so that they will grip the sole of the foot
towards the toe and thus act as a ioe-clip.
In order to balance the pedal it is so constructed that the greatest portion
of the metal therein is below the centre of the spindle and at the same time
the rearward flange is made. deep to increase the weight of the metal to the rear
of the spindle. From this construction and proportion of the parts the pedal
when not engaged with the rider's foot lies with a forward and upward inclina-
tion ready to be engaged by the rider's foot. In this Fig. 2 it will further be
noticed that we have provided the rearward flange J with a rubber tread P
securely bolted thereto. A piece of rubber tubing Q is placed upon the cross-
bar N to serve a similar purpose.
As the cross-bar thus serves for the foot to
rest upon the foot rests L are not essential though the gripping pieces M are
still necessary to retain the foot in position.
In Figs. 5 and 6 the bearing is shown as used in the pedal described in the
patent above referred to. As shown the parts of the casing are clamped between
the plates H and I and thus held securely as adjusted.
In Fig. 7 we show the bearing as arranged to be tightened by unscrewing
one part of the casing from the other whereas in Fig. 3 the bearing is tightened
by screwing one part of the casing upon the other. In this figure the cones B
and C upon the spindle face inwardly instead of outwardly towards the ends
and the cups F and G face outwardly."
The polygonal portions d of the casing are shown so arranged that the sides
of the pedal are placed upon them from the inside instead of from the outside
as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. This construction necessitates one of the cones being
made removable. The cone B is bored and counter-bored to receive the shouldered
end of the spindle A. The end of this spindle is split at j and expanded by means
of a small screw k so as to securely jamb the cone and spindle together the bore
of the cone being slightly tightened at the end.
It will be observed that the principle of operation in this construction is the
same in that the adjustment is effected by screwing the parts of the divided casing
upon one another which parts are held as adjusted by means of the side pieces
of the pedal.
When it is desired to adjust the bearing the cross bars holding the sides of
the pedal together are loosened and one of the sides spring from engagement with
its half of the casing which may then be revolved to adjust the bearing after
which the pedal side and casing are again engaged in a new position and the
crossbars again secured.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
1 In a vedal a plate bent to form a rearward Aange two sides for attachment

page_text: to a casing, two outwardly-turned foot rests at the forward ends of the sides,
and a flange at the side of each foot rest substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
.
2. In a pedal a plate bent to form a rearward flange, two sides for attachment
to a casing, two outwardly-turned foot rests at the forward ends of the sides,
and a flange at the side of each foot rest which flanges are inclined inwardly
to grip the sides of the rider's shoe substantially as and for the purpose specified.
3. In a pedal a plate bent to form a rearward flange two sides for attachment
to a casing two outwardly-turned foot rests at the forward ends of the sides and
a flange at the side of each foot rest in combination with a cross-bar secured to
each side of the pedal near the front substantially as and for the purpose specified.
4. In a pedal a plate bent to form a rearward flange, two sides for attach-
ment to a casing, two outwardly-turned foot rests at the forward ends of the
sides and a flange at the side of each foot rest which flanges are inclined inwardly
to grip the sides of the rider's shoe in combination with a cross-bar secured to
rach side of the pedal near the front substantially as and for the purpose specified.
5. As a pedal a plate bent to form a rearward flange, two sides for attachment
to a casing, and forward flanges to engage the sides of a rider's shoe, in combina-
tion with a cross-bar secured to each side of the pedal just below the said flanges,
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
6. As a pedal a plate bent to form a rearward flange, two sides for attachment
to a casing, and forward flanges to engage the sides of a rider's shoe, in combina-
tion with a cross bar secured to each side of the pedal just below the said flanges
a piece of rubber tube upon the said cross-bar and a piece of rubber secured
to the rearward flange substantially as and for the purpose specified.
7. In a pedal, a plate bent to form a rearward flange, two sides for attachment
to a casing, two outwardly-turned foot rests at the forward ends of the sides and
a flange at the side of each foot rest, in combination with a cross-bar extending
from side to side of the pedal and provided with nuts whereby the sides of the
pedal may be adjusted closer together or further apart substantially as and for
the purposes specified.
8. In a pedal, a plate bent to form a rearward flange, two sides for attachment
to a casing, two outwardly-turned foot rests at the forward ends of the sides, and
a flance at the side of each foot rest, which flanges are inclined inwardly to grip
the sides of the rider's shoe in combination with a cross-bar extending from
side to side of the pedal and provided with nuts whereby the sides of the pedal
may be adjusted closer together or further apart substantially as and for the
purpose specified.
9. As a pedal, a plate bent to form a rearward flange, two sides for attach-
ment to a casing and forward flanges to engage the sides of a rider's shoe, in
combination with a cross-bar secured to each side of the pedal just below the
said flanges in combination with a cross-bar extending from side to side of the
pedal and provided with nuts whereby the sides of the pedal may be adjusted
closer together or further apart substantially as and for the purpose specified.
10. In a pedal, a plate bent to form a rearward flange; two sides for attachment
to a casing, two outwardly-turned foot rests at the forward ends, of the sides,
and a flange at the side of each foot rest, in combination with a cross-bar secured
to each side of the pedal near the front and a cross-bar secured to each side of
the pedal towards the rear substantially as and for the purpose specified.
11. As a pedal, a plate bent to form a rearward flange two sides connected to
a casing and shaped at their forward ends to engage a rider's shoe the pedal being
supported on the casing at such a point and the parts so proportioned that the
forward ends of the sides are further from the centre of the casing than the
rearward flange and so that the greatest amount of metal in the pedal is below
the same centre substantially as and for the purpose specified.
12. In a pedal, a spindle, a casing formed in two parts screwed together
ball-bearings located between each part of the casing and the spindle, so tha

page_text: by screwing or unscrewing the said parts the bearings may be adjusted in com-
bination with a pedal frame adapted to engage the two parts of the casing to
hold them from rotating substantially as and for the purpose specified.
13. In a pedal a spindle a casing formed in two parts screwed together and
ball-bearings located between each part of the casing and the spindle, so that
by screwing or unscrewing the said parts the bearings may be adjusted in com-
bination with a pedal having two sides so connected that they may be released
and spread apart and provided with holes adapted to fit removably upon portions
of the halves of the aforesaid casing the parts being shaped to engage with
one another in a number of different positions substantially as and for the pur-
pose specified.
14. În a pedal a spindle a casing formed in two parts screwed together and
ball-bearings located between each part of the casing and the spindle so that
by screwing or unscrewing the said parts the bearings may be adjusted in com-
bination with a pedal comprising a rearward flange or cross-bar and two side
pieces provided with holes adapted to fit removably upon portions of the halves
of the aforesaid casing the parts being shaped to engage with one another in a
number of different positions and a removable or releasable cross-bar connecting
the said sides substantially as and for the purpose specified.
15. In a pedal a spindle a casing formed in two parts screwed together, and
each provided with a portion adapted to engage a suitably-shaped hole in the side
of the pedal and backed by a shoulder and ball-bearings between each part of
the casing and the spindle in combination with a pedal comprising a rearward
flange or cross-bar and two side pieces provided with holes adapted to engage
the portions of the halves of the aforesaid casing in a number of different posi-
tions and a removable or releasable cross-bar connecting the said sides substan-
tially as and for the purpose specified.
16. In a pedal a spindle provided with two cones facing the ends of the spindle
in combination with a casing formed in two parts screwed together each part
being formed with a cup to complete, with the said cones, races for two sets of
balls substantially as and for the purpose specified.
17. In a pedal a spindle provided with two cones facing the ends of the spindle,
in combination with a casing formed in two parts screwed together, each part
being formed with a cup to complete, with the said cones, races for two sets
of balls, the least inside diameter of the crank-side part of the casing being
greater than the greatest diameter of either of the cones or the body of the
spindle so that it may be placed in position from the outer end of the spindle,
and slid past the inner cone for the insertion of the balls substantially as and
for the purpose specified.
Dated this outh day of December
1090.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.