Improvements in or relating to the Extraction of Tanning and Dyeing Materials.
Year: 1892

page_text: being date of first Foreign Application (in 17th May, 1892
France),
Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 15th Nov., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 3rd May, 1893-Accepted, 31st July, 1893
France),
Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 15th Nov., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 3rd May, 1893-Accepted, 31st July, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Extraction of Tanning and
Dyeing Materials.
We, MAURICE HEFTLER, and GEORGES BÉNARD, both of 95 Boulevard
Beaumarchais, Paris in the Republic of France, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improved apparatus adapted for the methodica
extraction, either by the cold or the hot process, of tanning and dyeing materials,
and which only leave, by way of residue, perfectly exhausted chips of bark
or wood.
The complete apparatus consists of a battery of cylindrical or other vessels the
process of extraction being carried on not in one, but in a series of apparatus.
Before fully describing the extracting apparatus proper we may here give a
summary description of the method of extraction, for the practical performance of
which these apparatus have been devised.
Supposing that the extracting or exhausting process is carried on in four
apparatus numbered 1, 2, 3 and 4; these four apparatus will be filled with wood,
and apparatus or vessel No. 1 will alone contain water.
FIRST STAGE.
The temperature of the liquid contained in the vessel No. 1 is raised to
103° Centigrade; then water is admitted under pressure into this vessel No. 1, so
as to force the juice formed during the first period of ebullition into the next
vessel No. 2. Thus after the first stage, the vessel No. 1 will contain wood which
has already been once treated, together with pure water, while the vessel No. 2
contains new wood, and liquid which has once boiled.
SECOND STAGE.
The temperature of the liquid contained in both vessels Nos. 1 and 2 is carried
to 100° C. Then water is admitted under pressure into vessel No. 1, which is
placed in communication with vessel No. 2, which in its turn is connected with
vessel No. 3. When the circulation of liquid thus brought about has taken place,
.e. at the completion of the second stage, there will be found in the vessel No. 1
pure water and wood which has been treated twice; in vessel No. 2 water having
boiled once and wood treated once, and in vessel No. water which has boiled
twice and wood which has not yet been treated.
The same operation takes place in the third stage, at the close of which the
cylinder or cell No. 1, which contains wood treated three times, is disconnected
from the battery, and while the vessels Nos. 2, 3 and 4 continue to operate, vessel
No. 1 is charged with fresh wood, and again connected to the battery, while vessel
No. 2 is now in its turn separated and so forth.

page_text: Having by this summary statement given a sufficient idea of the process, we will
now examine in detail the particular arrangements whereby it is carried into effect.
The tanning or dyeing materials are placed in the apparatus through a charging
orifice closed by a suitable block during operation. The discharge is effected
through an orifice provided in the wall of the boiler a short distance above the
grate which supports the tanning material.
An expansion vessel is provided which is adapted to receive the liquid escaping
either through the valve when the pressure in one of the vessels of the battery
becomes too powerful or through a cock which is left open for the purpose. The
liquid, when it boils, returns to the apparatus through this cock either when the
ebullition has ceased or when the pressure has been decreased. A further object
of this cock is to enable the boiling to be performed in the open air. Each boiler
is heated by means of a steam-coil placed underneath a perforated grate secured to
the walls of the boiler and also supported by inclined rods. Steam is supplied from
a lower conduit through a pipe. It arrives at the upper part of the coil, and issues
through a pipe leading into the return-conduit.
A conduit for the discharge of the concentrated solution, is connected to the
boiler by a cock, while the water-pipe also is connected to the boiler by a pipe.
Each boiler is placed in communication with the preceding boiler by a pipe fitted
with a cock while a cock provided in the pipe leading to the bottom of the boiler,
serves for the discharge. It will now be readily understood from the foregoing
description in what manner these apparatus have to be operated or manipulated to
be made serviceable for the methodical extraction of dye-stuffs, or the like.
Supposing a battery of four apparatus, such as before mentioned, is used, and
that the dye-wood to be treated has been filled into them through the charging
doors, the cock is first opened and thereby communication established between the
vessel No. 1 and the water-pipes so that this first vessel is filled with water.
This
cock is then closed and the pipe opened so as to admit steam into the coil of the
said first vessel, in which the temperature is raised to 100° C. The ebullition is
now allowed to continue for a time, and while it lasts the escape valve is operated
whenever the pressure becomes too powerful; in other words, the liquid in
ebullition is carried away into the expansion vessel whence when the ebullition
ceases, the liquid passes back into the vessel No 1 through the cock which at that
moment is opened. When the liquid has boiled sufficiently long, the steam supply
is cut off, and the vessel is connected both with the water-pipe by the cock, and
with the next vessel No. 2 through its appropriate conduit. The liquid which was
contained in the vessel No. 1, now under the action of the pressure-water, passes on
into the vessel No. 2, while the said vessel No. 1 fills with water.
This operation is repeated successively in the case of each vessel or cell of the
battery, they being, as required, connected with the steam and water supplies.
Dated this 15th day of November 1892.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Extraction of Tanning and
Dyeing Materials.
We, MAURICE HEFTLER, and GEORGES BENARD both of 95 Boulevard
Beaumarchais, Paris in the Republic of France, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improved process adapted for the methodical
extraction either by the cold or the hot process, of tanning and dyeing materials,
and which only leave, by way of residue, perfectly exhausted chips of bark or
wood.

page_text: boiler by the cock I¹. 2 is the water-pipe also connected to the boiler by a
pipe 21. Each boiler is placed in communication with the preceding boiler by
a pipe 3 fitted with a cock 3', while a cock 4 provided in the pipe 4¹ leading to the
bottom of the boiler, serves for the discharge. It will now be readily understood
from the foregoing description in what manner these apparatus have to be operated
or manipulated to be made serviceable for the methodical extraction of dye-stuffs,
or the like.
Supposing a battery of four apparatus, such as before mentioned is used and that
the dye-wood to be treated has been filled into them through the charging doors A,
the cock 2¹ is first opened and thereby communication established between_the
vessel No. 1 and the water-pipes so that this first vessel is filled with water.
This
cock 21 is then closed and the pipe opened so as to admit steam into the coil F of
the said first vessel, in which the temperature is raised to 100° C. The ebullition
is now allowed to continue for a time, and while it lasts the valve D is operated
whenever the pressure becomes too powerful; in other words, the liquid in
ebullition is carried away into the expansion vessel C, whence when the ebullition
ceases, the liquid passes back into the vessel No. 1 through the cock E which at that
moment is opened. When the liquid has boiled sufficiently long, the steam supply
is cut off, and the vessel is connected both with the water pipe 2 by the cock 2¹, and
with the next vessel No. 2 through the conduit 3. The liquid which was contained
in the vessel No. I now under the action of the pressure-water passes on into the
vessel No. 2, while the said vessel No. 1 fills with water.
This operation is repeated successively in the case of each vessel or cell of the
battery, they being as required, connected with the steam and water supplies.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
The improved apparatus herein described for the methodical extraction of
tanning and dyeing materials capable of operating in the open air and under
pressure and arranged in such a manner that the juice or liquid obtained by
boiling in a suitable vessel or chamber is conveyed under pressure into another
vessel or chamber and that this liquid having been boiled in contact with the wood
or bark as many times less one as there are vessels or chambers is sent into a
collecting reservoir provided for the purpose the various manipulations being carried
out very simply and rapidly by the operation of suitably arranged cocks or valves
and by the special construction of the apparatus substantially as described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 3rd day of May 1893.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Of London, Nottingham, Liverpool, and Manchester,
Agents for the Applicants.