IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON- STRUCTION OF FASTENINGS OR BOLTS FOR WINDOW SASHES, AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Smith, of Kennington, in the County of
Surrey, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF FASTENINGS OR BOLTS FOR WINDOW SASHES, AND OTHER
PURPOSES."
Sealed the 16th May 1865, and dated the 10th March 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th March 1865.
I, WILLIAM SMITH, of Kennington, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF FASTENINGS OR BOLTS FOR WINDOW SASHES, AND OTHER PURPOSES,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention primarily consists in the employment for fastenings or bolts
generally, but especially for fastenings for window sashes, of a rod with a
flattened head or lump, formed by preference of a T, г, or Z shape at one
end, the shape being regulated according to the purpose to which the fastening
or bolt is to be applied, and with a handle or knob, or sometimes without, as
hereafter described, at the other. Where the rod carries at one end a knob
or handle I insert a pin in the rod, and pass the latter through a tube slotted
similar to a bayonet joint, a helical spring being inserted round the rod within
the tube, and abuting at the other end against the pin on the rod, in such
manner that the rod may be pushed forward and the bolt inserted in an

page_text: aperture formed for that purpose in the opposite sash; on turning the rod,
and with it the lump at its end, the latter is prevented from retreating by
means of its shape, and the pin is secured by the slot in the tube, the fastening
is then secure.
According to another arrangement, where I dispense with the knob or
handle on the end of the rod, I prolong the pin on the rod, and form a knob
or handle at the end thereof; the rod is fitted in guides, and a helical spring
is placed between the front guide and the pin; the top of a metal frame
which is united to the guides is slotted similar to a bayonet joint, thus by
pressing the knob of the pin forward, and throwing it over into the slot, the
bolt is secured as in the previous case.
reverse action in each case takes place.
or piece at the end of the rod, in which
purposes where fastenings or bolts are required.
To unloose the bolt or fastening the
Sometimes I dispense with the lump
case the fastening is applicable to all
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Smith in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th
September 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
SMITH, of Kennington, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Smith, Her special licence that I, the said William Smith, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Smith, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF FASTENINGS OR BOLTS FOR WINDOW SASHES, AND OTHER
PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Smith, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe,
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent

page_text: Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Smith, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, that is
to say :-
My Invention primarily consists in the employment for fastenings or bolts
generally, but especially for fastenings for window sashes, of a rod with a
flattened head or lump, by preference of a T, г, or Z shape formed at one
end, the shape being regulated according to the purpose to which the fastening
or bolt is to be applied, and with a handle or knob, or sometimes without, at
the other, as hereafter described. Where the rod carries at one end a knob
or handle I insert a pin in the rod, and pass the latter through a tube slotted
similar to a bayonet joint, a helical spring being inserted round the rod within
the tube, and abuting at the other end against the pin on the rod, in such
manner that the rod may be pushed forward and the bolt inserted in an
aperture formed for that purpose in the opposite sash; on turning the rod,
and with it the lump at its end, the latter is prevented from retreating by
means of its shape, and the pin is secured by the slot in the tube, the fastening
is-then secure.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a view in plan, and Figure 2 in
longitudinal section, of a sash fastener constructed according to my Invention.
a is a tube inserted in an aperture formed in the lower sash b, and slotted,
as shown at c; d is a rod or pin placed in the tube a, with a head e at one
end, and a knob or handle f at the other; 9 is a helical spring set between
the end of the tube a, and passing round the pin d abuts against the enlarged
end d¹ of the said pin; h is a stud inserted in the pin d, and free to slide in
the slotted portion c of the tube a; i is an aperture formed in the upper
sash k to receive the stop 1, through which the heade of the pin d passes, and
by which its retreat is prevented. To secure the fastening, let the apertures
in the two sashes be made to correspond, the head e is then opposite the
aperture in the stop 1; pusb, by means of the handle f, the rod d forward,
which causes the pin h to travel along the slot c, the spring g to contract, and
the head e to enter the aperture i in the upper sash; now turn the handle f,
which causes the stud h to travel across the tube through the slot, and to set
the head e in the contrary position to that it occupied at the time it passed
through the stop 1; release the handle f, and the spring 9 expanding throws
the stud h back along the slot, and the heade of the pin d against the stop 7.

page_text: In this position the two sashes are drawn tightly together, no shaking can
take place, and the fastening cannot be opened, except by the handle f from
the inside. To release the fastening the handle is pushed forward, turned in
the contrary direction, and the spring draws back the pin and head.
Figures 3 and 4 are views in longitudinal section and plan of an arrange-
ment similar in construction to that before described, but where I dispense
with the tube, and employ instead a frame p, screwed to the sash for carrying
the pin d. The action is similar to that in the arrangement just described,
and the same letters of reference refer to like parts in the four Figures.
According to another arrangement, shown in longitudinal section and plan
at Figures 4 and 5, I dispense with the knob or handle on the end of the rod,
and prolong the pin or stud h on the rod d, and form a knob or handle fat
the end thereof. The rod is fitted in guides m, and a helical spring 9 is
placed between the front guide and the pin; the top of a metal frame o,
which is united to the guides, is slotted, as shown at c, similar to a bayonet
joint, thus by pressing the knob of the pin forward and throwing it over into
the slot the bolt is secured, as before described. To unloose the bolt or
fastening the reverse action in each case takes place. Sometimes I dispense
with the lump or piece at the end of the rod, in which case the fastening is
applicable to all purposes where fastenings or bolts are required.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim the construc-
tion and employment of fastenings or bolts for securing sashes, doors, and
other articles, substantially as herein-before described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I; the said William Smith, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelfth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
Witness,
G. JAMIESON,
89, Chancery Lane.
WILLIAM SMITH. (L.S.)