Improvements in Gas Motor Engines.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Feb.. 1892
Complete Specification Left, 27th Apr., 1892-Accepted, 28th May, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas Motor Engines.
We, FERDINAND CZERMAK, XVI Seitenberggasse 16, Engineer ADOLF
BERGL Leichenfeldgürtel 11, Manufacturer and HEINRICH HUTTER 1 Grill-
parzerstrasse 8, Manufacturer, all of Vienna, Austria do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference more particularly to four-stroke-cycle gas motor
engines wherein at alternate outstrokes the charging valve is opened and at
alternate instrokes the discharge valve is opened; but it is also generally applicable
to all single acting gas motor engines.
According to the present invention such engines are so constructed that only air
is employed for effecting the cooling thereof, so that the usual cooling water
supply is dispensed with, thus facilitating the application of the engine to small
industries.
According to the present invention, the cooling by means of air is effected,
Firstly, by providing the outer surface of the compression and explosion chamber
with ribs for effectually giving off heat by radiation. Secondly, the transmission
of heat from this part to the working cylinder is impeded by the interposition of a
series of rings composed alternately of good and bad conductors of heat. Thirdly,
the piston is provided with a shield or head that is separated from the body by a
layer of bad heat conducting material. Fourthly, the motion of the piston is
caused to force currents of cold air over the outer surface of the cylinder.
The accompanying drawing shews by way of example a single acting four-stroke-
cycle gas motor engine constructed according to the present invention. Fig. 1
shews a side elevation, Fig. 2 a longitudinal section, and Fig. 3 an end view. The
closed casing A of the engine, which at the same time constitutes the framing
thereof, as also the bearings for the crank shaft P, has the engine cylinder B fixed
The working
to it by means of flanges a b, in which are formed air holes c.
cylinder is surrounded by a sheet iron casing D which also has air holes d. The
working piston C of this cvlinder, which is connected to the crank shaft P' by the
connecting rod E, is provided with a head or shield F which projects into the com-
pression chamber H and which is separated from the piston body by a layer ƒ of
material that is a bad conductor of heat, which consequently prevents the
transmission of heat from the head to the piston.
The compression and explosion chamber H communicates with an inlet valve J
for explosive gaseous mixture, and a discharge valve K for the products of com-
bustion, and it is provided on its outer surface with ribs that have the effect of
radiating heat and thus cooling the chamber; it is made with a somewhat larger
internal diameter at the end next the cylinder than the cylinder itself. Between
the chamber H and the cylinder B are interposed rings iki that are made
alternately of good and bad heat conducting material, and that intercept the
transmission of heat from the chamber to the cylinder. These rings also have a
slightly greater internal diameter than that of the cylinder.
The compression and explosion chamber H is closed at its rear end by a cover G
to which is attached the igniting device L of any suitable known kind.
The motor engine works, in the well known manner of four-stroke-cycle motors,
with a compressed charge which is ignited when the piston arrives at the end of its
compressing instroke; the opening of the inlet valve J and of the discharge valve K
respectively after alternate in and out strokes can be effected by any suitable known
construction of gear such as is employed with this class of engine.

page_text: The cooling by means of air is effected during the working of the engine,
Firstly by causing the heat of the compression chamber H to be given off by its
ribs to the external atmosphere, while at the same time the transmission of heat
from the chamber H to the cylinder B is prevented by the rings iki and the heat
taken up by the head F from the chamber H is also prevented from being trans-
mitted to the piston by the layer of bad heat conducting material f. Secondly, the
cylinder B being made to communicate at its front end with the closed casing A,
the to and fro motion of the piston C will cause external cold air to be continually
first drawn into the casing A and the front end of the cylinder through the holes d
in the casing D and through the holes c, and then expelled again in the contrary
direction, such air currents being made to pass in both directions in close contact
with the outer surface of the cylinder so as to take up heat therefrom.
The above described means of cooling can also be applied to four-stroke-cycle
engines, in which the combustion of the charge takes place gradually, as also to
single acting motor engines operating without compression of the combustible
charge.
Dis 10th day of February 1892
ABEL & IMRAY.
Agents for the Applicants.
Improvements in Gas Motor Engines.
We, FERDINAND CZERMAK, XVI Seitenberggasse 16, Engineer, ADOLF
BERGL, Leichenfeldgürtel 11, Manufacturer, and HEINRICH HUTTER, 1 Grill-
parzerstrasse 8, Manufacturer, all of Vienna, Austria, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has reference more particularly to four-stroke-cycle gas motor
engines wherein at alternate outstrokes the charging valve is opened and at
alternate instrokes the discharge valve is opened, but it is also generally applicable
to all single acting gas motor engines.
According to the present invention such engines are so constructed that only air
is employed for effecting the cooling thereof, so that the usual cooling water supply
is dispensed with, thus facilitating the application of the engine to small
industries.
According to the present invention, the cooling by means of air is effected
Firstly by providing the outer surface of the compression and explosion chamber
with ribs for effectually giving off heat by radiation. Secondly, the transmission
of heat from this part to the working cylinder is impeded by the interposition of a
series of rings composed alternately of good and bad conductors of heat. Thirdly,
the piston is provided with a shield or head, that is separated from the body hy a
layer of bad heat conducting material. Fourthly, the motion of the piston is
caused to force currents of cold air over the outer surface of the cylinder.
The drawing accompanying our Provisional Specification shews by way of
example a single acting four-stroke-cycle gas motor engine constructed according
to the present invention. Fig. 1. shews a side elevation, Fig. 2 a longitudinal
section, and Fig. 3 au end view. The closed casing A of the engine, which at the
same time constitutes the framing thereof, as also the bearings for the crank
shaft P, has the engine cylinder B fixed to it by means of flanges a b, in which are
formed air holes c,
The working cylinder is surrounded by a sheet iron casing D which also has air
holes d.
The working piston C of this cylinder, which is connected to the crank shaft P

page_text: by the connecting rod E, is provided with a head or shield F which projects into
the compression chamber H and which is separated from the piston body by a
layer of material that is a bad conductor of heat, which consequently prevents.
the transmission of heat from the head to the piston.
The compression and explosion chamber H communicates with an inlet valve J:
for explosive gascous mixture, and a discharge valve K for the products of com-
bustion, and it is provided on its outer surface with ribs that have the effect of
radiating heat, and thus cooling the chamber; it is made with a somewhat larger
internal diameter at the end next the cylinder than the cylinder itself. Between
the chamber H and the cylinder B are interposed rings iki that are made
alternately of good and bad heat conducting material, and that intercept the
transmission of heat from the chamber to the cylinder. These rings also have a
slightly greater internal diameter than that of the cylinder.
The compression and explosion chamber H is closed at its rear end by a cover G
to which is attached the igniting device L of any suitable known kind.
The motor engine works, in the well known manner of four-stroke-cycle motors,
with a compressed charge which is ignited when the piston arrives at the end of
its compressing instroke; the opening of the inlet valve J and of the discharge
valve K respectively after alternate in and out strokes can be effected by any
suitable known construction of gear such as is employed with this class of
engine.
The cooling by means of air is effected during the working of the engine,
Firstly by causing the heat of the compression chamber H to be given off by its
ribs to the external atmosphere, while at the same time the transmission of heat
from the chamber H to the cylinder B is prevented by the rings i ki, and the heat
taken up by the head F from the chamber H is also prevented from being trans-
mitted to the piston by the layer of bad beat conducting material f. Secondly, the
cylinder B being made to communicate at its front end with the closed casing A,
the to and fro motion of the piston C will cause external cold air to be continually
first drawn into the casing A and the front end of the cylinder through the holes d
in the casing D and through the holes c, and then expelled again in the contrary
direction, such air currents being made to pass in both directions in close contact
with the outer surface of the cylinder so as to take up heat therefrom.
The above described means of cooling can also be applied to four-stroke-cycle
engines in which the combustion of the charge takes place gradually, as also to
single acting motor engines operating without compression of the combustible
charge.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
1. A single acting gas motor engine cooled by air, wherein the working
cylinder B has a closed chamber A. secured thereto by means of flanges and is
enclosed by a jacket D, such cylinder being provided with a piston Chaving an
isolated head and being combined with a compression chamber H with inlet
valve J, discharge valve K and igniting device L in such manner that the heat
from the compression chamber is prevented from being conveyed to the walls of the
working cylinder, substantially as described:
2. In a gas motor engine constructed as set forth in the first claim, the provision
of holes in the flanges of the cylinder B and casing A as also of holes d in
jacket D surrounding the cylinder, through which holes air currents are made to
pass to and fro in contact with the outer cylinder surface by the motion of
the engine piston, so as to effect the cooling of the cylinder substantially as
described.
3. In a gas motor engine constructed as referred to in the first claim, providing
the compression and explosion chamber H with external ribs for facilitating the
cooling thereof, substantially as describe l.

page_text: 4. In a gas motor engine constructed as set forth in the first claim, the provision
of isolating layers i, k, i, consisting alternately of good and bad conductors of heat,
between the compression chamber H and the working cylinder B, and an isolating
layer between the piston C and its head F, substantially as and for the purposes
described.
.
"
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicants.