Improvement in Steam Generators of the Type commonly called Water Tube Boilers.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Aug., 1898
Complete Specification Loft 23rd May 1800
Aucontad
9th July 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Steam Generators of the Type commonly called
Water Tube Boilers.
I, PATRICK FRANCIS DUNDON, of 314, Main Street, in the City and County of
San Francisco, State of California, United States of America, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
-
This invention consists in a series of cross drums disposed in pairs vertically
and in rows horizontally, the lower set of cross drums, preferably three in number
set successively in a descending position the middle one forming a bridge wall
on which the fire impinges and the lowest one a receptacle for collecting impurities,
or solids precipitated from the water, the pairs of upper and lower drums all of
which are exposed to the heat of the fire, being connected external to the furnace
with pipes from the lower to the upper drums, also laterally, one drum with the
other so the whole six drums, forming an upper and a lower row or set being
thus doubly connected and intercommunicating to permit a free circulation from
each drum to all the others the central upper drum being set at a higher level
than the others so as to form a steam space or chamber therein; within the
furnace and communicating with the cross drums and with each other clusters or
units of inclined evaporating tubes, each unit or cluster thereof entering com-
bining chambers at each end, which chambers have removable caps or covers
that give free access to the whole interior and to the ends of the evaporating
tubes, preferably seven in number that all communicate with these chambers, the
chambers connected with each other and with the upper and lower cross drums,
before mentioned, and in addition to these clusters or units of inclined evaporating
tubes, pairs of horizontal pipes at each side of the furnace and boiler, connected
vertically by a series of evaporating tubes, and at their ends communicating with
the cross drums at first mentioned, the generator thus consisting of three elements,
the cross drums; clusters or units of inclined evaporating tubes with combining
chambers for these, and vertical evaporating tubes at the sides of and within the
furnace the whole being in free communication one with the other and permitting
free circulation of water and steam with facilities for access and cleaning through-
out.
Dated this 27th day of August 1898.
ALLISON BROS.,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Steam Generators of the Type commonly called
Water Tube Boilers.
I, PATRICK FRANCIS DUNDON, of 314, Main Street, in the City and County of
San Francisco, State of California, United States of America, Engineer, do hereby
Price 8d.1

page_text: declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
-
My invention relates to that class of steam boilers wherein a tubulous structure
contains the water to be evaporated by means of heat externally applied to tubes
and connected chambers.
My improvements consist in a novel arrangement of the generating or heating
surfaces, whereby such surfaces are much increased within a given space, and
provision for a general and free inter-circulation of water throughout the whole
of the various elements composing the boiler, each unit or section being connected
with all other units or sections, and all these with cross drums extending from
side to side in so disposing all the various elements as to permit free access
thereto, for cleaning or other purpose; in full exposure of all cross drums, including
in part the superheater or steam drum, to the hot gases of the furnace, and in
other features hereinafter more fully explained in connection with the drawings.
Referring to the drawings:-
Fig. 1 is a front elevation, some of the parts being in section, of a tubular marine
steam boiler constructed according to my invention.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same boiler, with the furnace casing removed
in front.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, it will be seen that the boiler consists of the
following steam generating elements: a series of units composed of clusters of
tubes 1 set in diagonal position, and provided at each end with tube chambers
or heads 3, the latter enclosed at the outer ends by the covers 2; a series of cross-
drums 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 communicating freely with each other, and also with
the inclined units composed of the tubes 1; a series of vertical tubes 10 at the
sides, also connecting with the cross drums by means of the pipes 32, 35, as seen
in Fig. 2.
The boilers when constructed for marine purposes are provided with a base 12;
an outer casing 13; an inner refractory lining 14; a fire-front 15; an uptake or
chimney 16, in the usual manner of mounting such boilers. The fire-front 15
is provided with doors 17, giving access to the flue chambers 3, fuel doors 18
opening to the furnace 19, and ash doors 20 at the bottom.
The tube chambers 3 connect in tiers diagonally or vertically, as may be
preferred, one with another, by the nipples 21, as seen in Fig. 1, and the top
row of chambers are connected by the nipples 22 with the drum 5 these nipples
being large enough in size to permit a free flow of steam into this drum 5, and
through the pipes 23 to the steam drum 4, from where it passes out at the nipple 24
to the place of use.
The tube chambers 3 also connect downwards by the nipples 26 to the drum 7,
and this latter to the drum 5 by means of the pipes 27, and this drum connects
to the bridge wall drum 8 by the pipes 28. The drum 8 is connected by the
pipes 29 to the one 9, and the latter to the drum G by pipes 30. This circuit is
then completed by the pipes 31 connecting the drums 4 and 6, as seen in Fig. 2.
The pipes 23, 27, 28, 29, 30 and 31 being intended for circulation, are placed
outside of the furnace, as seen in Fig. 1.
The vertical tubes 10 placed at each side of the furnace, are fastened. in and
connect the two large tubes 32, 33, extending horizontally to the drum 9, and
vertically by the pipes 34, 35, to the drum 7. In this manner it may be seen,
the whole of the interior of the boiler is open and communicating, one part with
another, permitting free circulation in every direction, as the effects of the heat
and tendency of the currents may decide.
The cross drums are disposed in pairs, two at the front, two in the middle, and
two at the rear end of the furnace, as seen in Fig. 2. The front pair of drums 5
and are directly connected by the pipes 27: the two centre drums 4 and 8 by
the pipes 49; and the two drums 6 and 9 by pipes 30, all these last named pipes
being placed outside the furnace, and serving for circulation only.

page_text: In the case of stationary or land boilers, the vertical tubes 10 and the large
tubes 34, 35, at the sides of the furnace and boiler cau be omitted, the space
occupied by these furnishing room for side walls of masonry, and the omission
of these elements only reduces the heating surface, and does not in any manner
interfere with the operation or efficiency of other parts of the boiler.
The drums 7, 8 and 9, it will be seen, are placed at different levels, descending
from the front and hottest part of the furnace down to the lowest drum 9, and
are connected by larger pipes, inclined or level, from the front drum 7, so that
sediment of all kinds is carried back to the lowest or mud drum 9, at the rear
of the boiler and furnaces.
This elaborate system of inter-communication throughout the boiler, has other
objects besides the free circulation permitted. It provides for the deposition of
sediment in the drum 9, the free rising and consequent dry state of the steam in
the drum 4, and permits every portion of the boiler to be reached and cleaned.
The pipes 32, 33, are provided with man-holes 52, 53, as seen in Fig. 2, and
the inclined clusters of tubes 1 are reached from either end by removing, when
required, the caps 2. For ordinary cleaning, however, the tubes 1 are accessible
by the usual hand hole or by screw plugs at 36 in the centre of the caps 2.
the cross drums are provided with man-hcles, as seen in Fig. 2, so as to be entered
for cleaning or other purpose.
All
Reverting now to the tube chambers or heads 3, these are preferably made of
ductile metal, and are set in the refractory wall 54, whereby heat and moisture
from the fire chamber are cut off from the caps and their attachments and access
is afforded thereto. The tubes 1 are set in the back or inner heads 37 in the
usual manner, and may be of any number, depending on the size of the tubes.
The outer ends of these heads or chambers 3 are closed by the covers 2, which
can be provided with flanges and screw bolts or can be applied as shown in the
drawing by means of interior screw threads.
When these heads or covers 2 are screw threaded they are provided with lugs 43
to receive a turning bar for this purpose. The lugs or hand hole plates at 36
are of the usual construction.
To diffuse the hot gases in the furnace I employ baffling plates made of or
covered with refractory material and arranged in any suitable manner to interrupt
the course of the flames and hot gases from the furnace 19, and prevent their
direct passage to the chimney 16. At 44 and 45 are shown examples of such
plates of the most simple form.
The boiler can be supported on stands, as at 51, 47, or be suspended from the
top. In the case of land boilers, and for setting on masonry, the vertical side
tubes 10 and horizontal tubes 32, 33, can be omitted, the side walls of the furnace
occupying the plane of these tubes.
To prevent over-heating of the outer casing 13, an air space as at 46 can be
provided all around the refractory lining 14, communicating with the chimney 16
and with air inlets 48 at the bottom, as seen in Fig. 1.
I do not, however, confine myself to a particular form of the enclosing furnace,
because such construction must be varied for land and marine purposes, and in
other cases, or to a particular manner of training and directing the flames and
hot gases in the furnace, as this may also be varied to suit certain conditions of
operating.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. In a steam boiler, a combination of cross drums, as herein described, disposed
in pairs at the ends and middle of the boiler and furnace, connected by pipes
within and without the furnace, permitting a complete circuit from and through
all the drums, in the manner substantially as specified.
2. In a steam boiler, upper cross drums 4, 5 and 6, the middle one the higher,

page_text: connected by pipes 23, 31, in combination with lower cross drums 7, 8 and 9,
located in positions successively descending from the front, one over the furnace
grates, one on the bridge wall and one at the lowest point, said drums being
connected by pipes 28, 29, leading from the bottom of drums 8 and 9 respectively
and also connected by vertical pipes with the upper cross drums.
3. In a steam boiler, a series of upper cross drums 4, 5 and 6, connected by
pipes 23, 31, a descending series of lower cross drums 7, 8, 9, connected by
pipes 28, 29, vertical pipes connecting the drums of the upper with those of the
lower series in combination with a series of unit pipe clusters 1 diagonally placed,
each unit provided at each end with tube chambers or heads 3 enclosed at the
outer ends by removable covers, the unit clusters being in communication with
the upper and lower cross drums.
4. In a steam boiler, a series of upper cross drums 4, 5, 6, connected by pipes,
a descending series of lower cross drums 7, 8, 9, connected by pipes, the middle
drum of the series set on the bridge wall, vertical pipes connecting the upper with
the lower series, horizontal pipes 32, 33, connected with drums 9 and 6 respectively,
vertical pipes 34, 35 connecting said horizontal pipes with drums 5 and 7, and a
series of vertical pipes 10 connecting said horizontal pipes 32, 33.
5. In a steam boiler, a series of upper cross drums 4, 5, 6, connected by: pipes,
a descending series of lower cross drums 7, 8, 9, connected by pipes, the middle
drum of the series located on the bridge wall, vertical pipes connecting the upper
with the lower series, horizontal pipes 32, 33, connected with the drums 9 and 6
respectively, vertical pipes 34, 35, connecting said horizontal pipes with drums 5
and 7, and a series of vertical pipes 10 connecting said horizontal pipes 32, 33;
in combination with a series of unit clusters 1 diagonally placed, each unit
provided at each end with tube chambers or heads 3 enclosed at the outer ends by
removable covers, the said unit clusters being in communication with the said
upper and lower cross drums.
6. In a steam boiler of the water tube type, multiple tubes arranged in groups
terminated at the ends by tube chambers or heads 3 enclosing a clear area or space
of the full diameter of the group and closed at the outer ends by covers 2, said
chambers or heads being set in the refractory wall 54 whereby heat and moisture
from the fire chamber are cut off from the caps and their attachments and access is
afforded thereto.
7. In a steam boiler a series of cross drums at the bottom of the furnace arranged
in a descending position from the front to the rear and superimposed top drums 4,5
and 6, connections between these top and bottom drums without and within the
furnace, the central top drum provided with a steam space set partially within
the furnace and exposed at the top to receive steam connections.
Dated this 19th day of Mov 1800