IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF AZO COLOURS ON TEXTILE FIBRE
Year: 1885

page_text: I THOMAS HOLLIDAY of the firm of Read Holliday and Sons of Huddersfield in
the County of York Manufacturing Chemist do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF AZO COLOURS ON TEXTILE
FIBRE to be as follows:
These improvements relate to the production of azo colours on textile fibres.
In carrying out my invention I mix diazo compounds prepared from aniline
toluidine xylidine alpha or beta napthylamine amidoazobenzole amidoazotoluol or
amidoazoxylol with the azotised red or yellow colouring matters of the roseaniline
group or I mix aniline toluidine xylidine alpha or beta napthylamine amidoazo-
benzole amidoazotoluol or amidoazoxylol with the red or yellow colouring matters
of the roseaniline group and I azotise the mixture and employ any of the azotised
mixtures for producing azo colours by combining them with alpha or beta napthol
in or upon the textile fibre.

page_text: Improvements in the Production of Azo Colours on Textile
Fibre.
I THOMAS HOLLIDAY of the firm of Read Holliday & Sons of Hud.lersfield in
the County of York Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF AZO COLOURS ON TEXTILE
FIBRE, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
These improvements relate to the production of azo colors on textile fibres.
In carrying out my invention I mix diazo compounds prepared from aniline,
toluidine, xylidine, alpha or beta napthylamine, amidoazobenzole, amidoazotoluol,
or amidoazoxylol with the azotised red or yellow coloring matters of the roseaniline
group or I mix aniline, toluidine, xylidine, alpha or beta napthylamine, amidoazo-
benzole, amidoazotoluol or amidoazoxylol with the red or yellow coloring matters
of the roseaniline group and I azotise the mixture and employ any of the azotised
mixtures for producing azo colors by combining them with alpha or beta napthol
in or upon the textile fibre.
But that the nature of the invention may be the better understood I will
proceed to give certain examples of the method of carrying out my invention in a
practical manner, without however thereby confining myself to the precise details
or quantities given in my illustrations.
I take (say) 100 lbs. of clean silk as the fibre to be operated upon and to
produce the mixture I use the following.
Beta-Napthol Alpha-Napthylamine and Roseaniline. Half a pound of the
Alphanapthylamine and half a pound of the Roseaniline having been dissolved in
ten gallons of water with four pounds of spirits of salts of a strength of 20° Beaume.
When cold a solution of Nitrite of Soda say 20° Beaume is added gradually thereto
stirring all the time the operation is being effected until the colour changes to a
pale yellow shade and the quantity taken to effect this will be about 3 lbs or 4 lbs
and the time occupied-a few minutes, the excess of mineral acid present in the
solution may be neutralized by the use of chalk, Acetate of Soda or some body of
similar neutralizing properties, adding the same until the smell of nitrous acid
disappears. This solution I call my No 1 Liquor.
Alternatively this No 1 Liquor may be prepared by treating the like quantity of
Alphanapthylamine (say) half a pound and (say) half a pound of roseaniline
separately each with about half the quantity of other matters already enumerated
and then mixing together the two divisions of dissolved materials after completion
of the treatment to each, or at some intermediate stage and finishing the combined
quantities as a whole.
The silk is then plunged into a solution of two or three pounds of Beta-napthol
hot or cold, using a sufficient quantity of water to keep the napthol in solution or
suspension and the silk when it has been thoroughly impregnated is taken out,
wrung free of excess of liquor and when cold it is plunged into a bath composed of
water in quantity sufficient to admit of handling the silk, and the liquor Nº 1,
and a red colour will immediately be developed on the fibre.

page_text: Or the Beta napthol freshly precipitated can be added to the liquor No 1 with
water enough to permit of handling the silk, with a slight excess of a weak organic
acid, when the colour will be formed in the silk, care being taken that the fibre
should be immersed in the mixture immediately the addition is made of liquor N° 1
with the Beta Napthol. Or, the silk can be impregnated with the Liquor N° 1
and be then plunged into a cold bath composed of say 2 lbs of Beta napthol
dissolved in 4 lbs of a strong solution of caustic soda adding water enough to
make a bath and the colour will be developed.
In place of employing Beta-napthol as described Alpha-napthol may be substi-
tuted therefor, or a mixture of Alpha-napthol and Beta-napthol used instead.
Salts of leucaniline or Chrysaniline may be substituted for the Roseaniline, or
used mixed with Roseauiline and the other amines before named may be substituted
for alpha napthylamine, or mixtures of these amines may be used instead thereof.
The amido-azo bodies when employed will require more water for their solution.
The treatment followed can be the same substantially as that given in the fore-
going example but the proportions and method of impregnation of the fibre and
the preparation of the azo compounds or azotized bodies may be somewhat varied.
Although in the foregoing description more particular mention has been made of
silk as the fibre to be treated, the process is applicable for wool, cotton and other
textile fibre but I would remark that it will be found that in operating on
vegetable fibre it will dye better when it has been oiled or otherwise suitably
prepared for the purpose.
The fibres may be dyed either in a raw or partly prepared condition or in a
more or less manufactured state as yarn or otherwise, or in the cloth.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I would have it
clearly understood that I am aware that various patents have been obtained or
applied for on specifications describing allied processes; that is to say, myself and
Robert Holliday dated July 6th 1880 No 2757; by myself, dated April 14th 1881,
N° 1638; by Charles Holliday dated June 21st 1882 N° 2946; by Dan Dawson
dated July 3rd 1884 N° 9701; and by Dan Dawson dated 16th March 1882 N° 1280,
and I make no claim to any invention described and claimed in or disclosed by
either of these cited specifications of patents but what I claim is
The production of azo colours on textile fibres by the combination in or upon
the fibre of Alpha-, or Beta-, Napthol with diazo compounds prepared from Aniline,
Toluidine, Xylidine, or alpha-, or beta-, napthylamine, mixed with the azotised
bodies prepared from the red and yellow colouring matters of the Roseaniline
group substantially as herein set forth.
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