Improvements in Casements.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 5th May, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 5th Mar., 1894-Accepted, 5th May, 1894
PROVISIONAL DI FATUATION.
Improvements in Casements.
We JOSEPH ELLIS WILLIAMS of Berners Street, Oxford Street, London and
WILFRID NEVILE FREDERIC KEMPTHORNE of Berners Street Oxford Street
London Sanitary Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
Our invention has for its object the rendering weathertight metallic casements
or windows which are hinged or pivoted and open both ways or in opposite
directions that is to say arranged so as to be opened either inwards or outwards.
We do not claim the application of this invention to window sashes that slide in
any horizontal vertical or other direction.
We carry our invention into practice in manner as follows:-
The metallic framework of the casement is made in iron steel or any other
suitable metallic material. The inside part of the casement where the glass is
fixed is moulded or rebated or otherwise formed in any of the usual and well known
ways that are suitable for fixing glass either by means of lead or putty or any
other medium in metal frames or casements. The portion of the casement which
we hereinafter call the casement-rim is the moveable portion, and the portion that
we hereinafter call the casement frame is the portion which is fixed into the
aperture which is to be used for the purpose of a window in the building or
structure or any opening that may be used for the purpose of admitting light or
air and which may be required to be made weathertight. The outside edge of the
casement rim is channelled in a straight zig-zag or curved direction in its longitudinal
direction with one or more grooves or channels of square rounded or any suitable
section.
The casement-frame may or may not be correspondingly channelled in its
longitudinal direction with a channel or channels of the similar or different sectious.
In one of the channels or in a special channel made for the purpose in both the
casement-rim and casement-frame or in one or other of them is inserted a metallic
spring or springs or some elastic substance such as woodite vulcanized fibre india
rubber gutta percha or any suitable elastic material which may be of any required
section or shape and the casement frame where the elastic medium abuts against
may be raised or ribbed so as to press against the elastic medium in one or more
places in its longitudinal direction this arrangement may also if required be adopted
in the casement rim in such a manner that when the casement is closed or the
casement rim assumes some pre-arranged position relative to the casement frame
a weathertight joint is made by means of the spring or springs or the elastic
jointing medium inserted in the casement rim or casement-frame.
The object of having one or more channels in the casement-frame or casement-
rim or in either or both of same is that the force or stress of weather against the
jointing of the casement-rim and casement-frame may be modified in such manner
that the force of wind or rain or other climatic influence may be reduced or
minimised before it comes to the jointing of the casement-rim and casement-
frame.
Dated this 5th dow of No 1803
W. M. LLEWELLIN, C.E.,
15, King Square, Bristol, Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: Improvements in Casements.
JOSEPH ELLIS WILLIAMS of Three Broad Street Buildings London E.C. and
WILFRED NEVILE FREDERIC KEMPTHORNE of 3 Broad Street Buildings
London E.C. Sanitary Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
Our invention relates to improvements in connection with metallic casements to
enable them to open both inwards and outwards and also at the same time when.
closed to be weathertight at the jointing with the frame containing the casement.
In order that our invention and the means whereby the same can be carried into
practical effect may clearly be understood, we have annexed hereto two sheets of
drawings like letters refer to like parts in all the drawings the said drawings are to
be taken as part of this Specification and read therewith.
In this invention the casements may be made to open outwards and inwards by
having the casement pivoted or hinged in any suitable manner and the weathertight
joint is made by suitable metallic springs or any other springy materiel or
combination of springs, or other materiel and springs."
One reference to the drawings
Figure 1. Sheet 1. is an elevation of the casement looking at it from the
outside.
Figure 2. Sheet 1. is an elevation showing casement hinged by double knuckle
hinges.
Figure 3 Sheet 1. is an elevation showing casement moving on pivots.
Figure 4. Sheet 1. is an elevation of the double knuckle joint hinge.
Figure 5 Sheet 1. is a plan of the double knuckle joint hinge.
Figures 6-9-12-15 Sheet 2 are elevations of various forms of the sides of the
casement frame A.
Figures 7-10-13-16 Sheet 2 are sections respectively of the casement
frame A and casement rim F in the positions they assume, when the casement is
closed the left hand portion of the figure being the plan of the casement frame A
whilst the right hand portion of the figure is that of the casement rim F.
Figures 8-11-14-17 Sheet 2. are elevations of various forms of the sides of
the casement-rim.
In Figures 1. 2. and 3. A. is the frame which is fixed in the opening in the
building or structure in which it is desired to fix a casement.
The frame A will be hereinafter referred to as the casement frame.
In the casement frame A is fixed free to move the casement rim F containing the
glazed part of the casement E. The casement rim is free to move either inwards
or outwards by being fixed in the casement frame A by double knuckle hinges
shown in elevation in Figure 4, and in plan in Figure 5 in which figures G & G are
the knuckles and H & H the parts attached to the casement frame A and casement-
rim F respectively.
The method of hinging the casement rim is shown in Figure 2 at C. Or the
casement rim F may be pivoted as shown in Figure 1 at B or in Figure 3 at D.
But we do not confine ourselves to these forms of hinging the casement-rim F we
have described, but any other method of hinging, pivoting or hanging the casement-
rim may be adopted that allows the casement-rim to open in an outward and inward
direction as required.
In Figures 1, 2, and 3. S shows the jointing material abutting against each other
when the casement is closed.
In Figures 6, 7, 8, O. P. O' P' are ribs forming the open channels L L' which
channels are formed for the purpose of modifying the force of wind or weather.

page_text: PN. P N are other ribs forming a channel in which is placed any elastic
substance K. K' such elastic substance may be solid, tubular, or hollow as is shown
at K
In Figures 9. 10. 11 Sheet 2 another arrangement of jointing is shown in which
there are four elastic joints O, Q O'Q' are ribs enclosing the elastic mediums J J¹
L L' are open channels formed by the ribs QT Q' TT which channels tend to
modify the stress of weather I I' is another insertion of elastic medium in a channel
formed by ribs.
Figures 12-13-14-Sheet 2 shows another arrangement of making the joint
between the casement frame A and casement rim F and is the same as described and
shown in Figures 6-7-8 excepting that the jointing material I-I' is solid not
tubular.
Figures 15-16 & 17 illustrate another arrangement of weathertight jointing in
which there is only one elastic joint in the casement frame or casement rim in the
Figure 15 the elastic jointing is shown as in the casement frame, whilst in the
casement rim a rounding piece M is formed which with the elastic jointing material I
makes the weathertight joint.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
Claim 1. We claim in casements that open both inwards and outwards the fixing
on the edge or edges of the casement frame and casement rim that come into
juxtaposition when the casement is closed, springy or elastic material or materials
or springy or elastic or other material or materials operated on by one or more
springs in such a manner that the jointing on the casement frame or casement
rim when in juxtaposition when the casement is closed shall form a weathertight
joint.
Claim 2. We claim in casements that open both inwards and outwards the fixing
on one of the edges that comes into juxtaposition of either the casement frame or
casement rim springy or elastic material, or springy or elastic or other material
which may be operated on by one or more springs in such a manner, that the joint
formed when the casement is closed is a weathertight joint.
Claim 3. We claim in combination in using elastic jointing in the manner
hereinbefore described and set forth the forming of one or more channels in either
or both of the casement frame or the casement rim.
Dated this 3rd day of March 1894.
W. M. LLEWELLIN, C.E.,
15, King Square, Bristol, Agent for Applicants.