CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF OBTAINING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1851

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, LOT
FAULKNER, of Cheadle, in the County of Chester, Manager, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twenty-first day of August, in the fifteenth year of Her reign,
and in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-one, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Lot
Faulkner, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I,
the said Lot Faulkner, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, and such others as
I, the said Lot Faulkner, my exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the
term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exer-
cise, and vend, within England and Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF OBTAINING
AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a
proviso, that I, the said Lot Faulkner, shall cause a particular description of
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be enrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part
recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had,
will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Lot Faulkner, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described
and ascertained in, and, the Drawings hercto annexed, and thic following
say:
explanation thereof, that is to
My improvements in producing or obtaining motive power are, intended to
be applied principally for the purpose of giving pressure, or for raising heavy
bodies, as in pumping, &c., but are also applicable to increasing the power
of hand or horse. labor, steam or other engines, water wheels, or other first
movers, to whatever purposes the motive power thereof may be applied. The
principal feature of novelty in my said Invention consists in a certain novel
arrangement of counterbalancing "the load". of the engine or other prime
mover by means of weights, which said weights are so arranged and connected
together, that having exerted their force to assist the upward, downward, or
forward stroke of the engine-(as-the case may-be), they can be again brought
into an available working position by the "return stroke of the same, with, no.
more expenditure of labor than is necessary to overcome the friction of the
machine itself. This important object I am enabled to attain by connecting
the load to be raised (or other resisting force to. be overcome) to one end
of a beam, and attaching the counterbalance weights to the other end of
the same. So far the apparatus, is in principle exactly similar to an ordi-
nary scale beam, and it will of course be evident that no more labor will
then be necessary to raise the load than. sufficient to overcome. the "vis
incertice" of the weight and the friction of the apparatus; but then the weight
of the load having been taken off the end of the beam,. it is necessary to
raise the counterbalance weights in order to get them into such a position
to
be available for the next stroke of the engine... This, I effect by
dividing the counterbalance weights into two equal parts, placing them at
a leverage, and so connecting them together that one part shall counterbalance
the other.
as
.
In order more clearly to shew the practical application of my Invention, and
more minutely to explain the manner of carrying the same into practical effect,
I have attached to these Presents a Sheet of.. Drawings, representing three
several views of the apparatus as adapted for raising heavy bodies, as in
pumping, &c., being drawn to a scale of about one inch. and a half to a foot,
and have marked the same with figures and letters of reference corresponding
with those in the following description thereof:-.
Fig. 1 is a plan or horizontal view of the apparatus, as seen from above;
Fig. 2 is a side elevation; and Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the same.

page_text: د با
a, a, is the main framing of the apparatus, supporting in suitable bearings
the pivots b, b, of the beams c, c. The framing a, a, also supports in bearings
the shafts d, d, and e, e, upon which the pullies f. f, and g, g, are keyed. These
pullies are connected together by means of a chain h; h, attached to each of
them, and passing over a flanched pulley i, attached to the beams c, c. The
pullies and g have weights k and l bolted to the interior of their rims, which
are for the purpose of counterbalancing the load to be raised, which may further
be regulated by means of the adjustable weights m, m. The pullies f and g
are also connected together by means of the spur wheels n, o, p, the wheel n
being keyed fast upon the shaft d, the wheel o loose upon a stud, and the
wheel p loose.
P
upon the shaft but connected thereto by means of a catch. or
ratchet 9. The left-hand ends of the beams c, c, are connected to the shaft..d
by means of the levers and links r, r, and the other ends of the same-are con-
nected to a shafts by the lever and link t.. t.. At the other end of the shaft s
is a curved lever u, which is counterbalanced, and acts upon a similar lever v
reversed, keyed upon the shaft w, and upon this shaft w a lever a is keyed, to
which the weight or load to be raised is attached.. These levers u and v form
a self-adjusting lever, which adapts itself to the variable pressure of weights
k and 1, as they pass from the vertical to the horizontal position, and vice versa.
The power is communicated from the first mover to the machine by means of
a rack y, to which a reciprocating motion is given. The operation of the
machine is as follows:-Supposing the machine applied to a pump for raising
water, the first part of the operation is to lower the bucket. As this requires
no great exertion of power it is performed by simple leverage, as follows:-
Suppose the weights k and to lie in an horizontal position, the rack y is
traversed in the direction of the arrow, turning the wheel n and shaft da
quarter of a revolution; the links and levers 7, r, will raise the left-hand ends
of the beams c; c, the other ends of which will impart the requisite motion to
the lever a by means of the link and. levers t, u, v; at the same time the
weight is raised, and the weight lowered into a vertical position, as follows:-
As soon as the wheel n begins to move, the arm of the wheel p takes hold of
the ratchet q, and the wheel thus becomes virtually fast upon the shaft e. The
weights k and are thus counterbalanced, and of course it requires little or no.
force to raise one and lower the other, and as, in revolving, the pulley f being
of a larger diameter than the pulley g, gives out more of the chain h than the
pulley g takes up, no counteracting weight bears upon the beams c, c. When
the shafts have made a quarter of a revolution the motion of the rack y is
reversed. The arm of the wheel p immediately leaves the ratchet q, and the
weight of both k and is transferred by the chain h to the beams to assist in

page_text: raising the pump bucket and the superincumbent water, the pressure being
kept on by the larger diameter of the pulley f, taking up more of the chain
'than the pulley g gives out. Thus it will be seen that the weights kc and are
made available to assist in raising the load, but still exert no detrimental
3
influence during the return stroke of the bucket.
Having thus described the nature and object of my said Invention, and
having shewn the method of carrying the same into practical effect, as applied
to pumping or to raising heavy weights, I would remark, that I do not intend to
confine niyself to the precise dimensions or proportions shewn in the Drawings,
noi yet to the precise construction of the machine there exhibited, as that will
have to be varied slightly according to the nature of the work to be performed;
but what I claim as my Invention is, producing or obtaining motive power by
means of counterbalance weights, which weights are so arranged as to counter-
balance each other upon the return stroke of the engine, and therefore to require
little or no expenditure of power to bring them again into an available position.
In witness whereof, I, the said Lot Faulkner, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentieth day of February, One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-two.