IMPROVEMENTS IN CIRCULAR SAW BENCHES, A PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Olley, of Enfield, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CIRCULAR
SAW BENCHES, A PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS APPLICABLE TO OTHER
PURPOSES."
Sealed the 31st August 1869, and dated the 2nd March 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Olley at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 2nd March 1869.
I, WILLIAM OLLEY, of Enfield, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN CIRCULAR SAW BENCHES, A PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS APPLICABLE TO
OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to saw benches of the kind described in the
Specification of the Patent of Augustus Bryant Childs, dated 21st
March 1864, No. 709, and consists in the adaptation and application
thereto of the improvements herein-after stated.
.First. The application to the saw spindle of a conical collar, which
by means of a nut is screwed into the central hole in the saw for the

page_text: purpose of keeping it tight on the spindle, and its cutting edge always
at right angles thereto, in order to prevent the saw from working
irregularly. This mode of fixing the saw on its spindle is applicable to
circular saws in other benches or circular cutters in other machines,
and also to other revolving discs fixed on spindles.
Secondly. The application to the quadrant at each side of the bench
of a fixed bracket or bearing for the shaft of the revolving feeder to
drop into, such shaft being held in its place by a block secured by a
screw, such block being moveable by the withdrawal of the screw in
order to release the said shaft when required.
Thirdly. The construction of the revolving feeder as a separate collar
of steel with a toothed periphery, such collar fitting over and being
fixed to a plain spindle.
Fourthly. The application to the friction roller for pressing the wood
upwards towards the feeder of a carrier consisting of a central rod or
pillar with two arms, in the ends of which the journals of the roller are
supported, thereby admitting of the roller being raised and lowered as
required at both ends by means of a screw and nut applied to the central
rod or pillar, which is also pressed upwards by a spring.
And, lastly. The application to such saw benches of a horizontal
sliding carrier, to the face of which wood can be fixed and carried
forward to the saw, which is caused to cut downwards instead of upwards
as in the instances herein-before referred to. The said sliding carrier
is worked to and fro as required by means of pulleys and endless chains
from the driving shaft. There is also a vertical slide, in the face of
which are horizontal grooves to admit of bolts and cramps for securing
the wood to the said vertical slide. The sliding carrier is moved to or
from the saw as required by means of a rack and pinion worked by a
winch or by other means.
The arrangement last described is applicable to cutting tenons,
rabbeting, and grooving, and other uses, all of which operations can be
carried on by one workman by means of the said arrangement of
apparatus.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Olley in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 2nd September 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
OLLEY, of Enfield, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, send
greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Second day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for. Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me,, the said William. Olley, Her special licence that
I, the said William Olley, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said William Olley, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns,. should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein.
expressed; should and lawfully might make use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CIRCULAR
SAW BENCHES, A PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS APPLICABLE TO OTHER PUR-
POSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Olley, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Olley, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be.
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to
say):-
My Invention of "Improvements in Circular Saw Benches, a Part of
which Improvements is applicable to other Purposes," relates to saw
benches of the kind described in the Specification of the. Patent of
Augustus Bryant Childs, dated Twenty-first March, One thousand eight.

page_text: hundred and sixty-four, No. 709, and consists in the adaptation and
application thereto of the improvements hercin-after stated.
First. The application to the saw spindle of a conical collar, which by
means of a nut is screwed into the central hole in the saw for the
purpose of keeping it tight on the spindle and its cutting edge always
at right angles thereto, in order to prevent the saw from working
irregularly. This mode of fixing the saw on its spindle is applicable
to circular saws in other benches or circular cutters in other machines,
and also to other revolving discs fixed on spindles.
Secondly. The application to the quadrant at each side of the bench of
a fixed bracket or bearing for the shaft of the revolving feeder to drop
into, such shaft being held in its place by a block secured by a screw,
such block being moveable by the withdrawal of the screw in order to
release the said shaft when required.
Thirdly. The construction of the revolving feeder as a separate collar
of steel with a toothed periphery, such collar fitting over and being
fixed to a plain spindle.
Fourthly. The application to the friction roller for pressing the wood
upwards towards the feeder of a carrier consisting of a central rod or
pillar with two arms, in the ends of which the journals of the roller
are supported, thereby admitting of the roller being raised and lowered
as required at both ends by means of a screw and nut applied to the
central rod or pillar, which is also pressed upwards by a spring.
And, lastly. The application to such saw benches of a horizontal sliding
carrier, to the face of which wood can be fixed and carried forward to
the saw, which is caused to cut downwards instead of upwards as in
the instances herein-before referred to. The said sliding carrier is worked
to and fro as required by means of pulleys and endless chains from the
driving shaft. There is also a vertical slide, in the face of which are
horizontal grooves to admit of bolts and cramps for securing the wood
to the said vertical slide. The sliding carrier is moved to or from the
saw as required by means of a rack and pinion worked by a winch or by
other means.

page_text: carried on by one workman by means of the said arrangement of
apparatus.
Having thus stated the nature of the said Invention, I will proceed
to describe more particularly in what manner the same is to be per-
formed by reference to the accompanying Drawings, in which is repre-
sented a circular saw bench with the improvements above referred to
annlied thereto.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the saw bench; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal
vertical section, Fig. 3 is a plan or horizontal view, and Fig. 4 is a
transverse vertical section of the same; Figures 5 and 6 represent on an
enlarged scale the mode of fixing the circular saw to the spindle. In
these several Figures the same letters of reference indicate corresponding
parts.
The first part of my Invention is shewn in Figures 5 and 6, in which
A is the saw spindle; B, the conical collar; C, another collar screwed
against the larger end of the conical collar; D, a cap having a jaw for
holding the saw with a similar jaw on a cap D* fixed on the spindle.
By this means the conical collar B is forced into the hole of the circular
saw, which is thereby kept at right angles to the spindle. This mode of
fixing circular saws to their spindles is also applicable to the fixing of
circular cutters or revolving discs for other purposes.
In Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, E, E, is the general framework of the saw
bench; F is the driving shaft; G, the fly wheel; H, H, are speed
pulleys, over which are passed chains or cords for communicating motion
by means of other pulleys to the feeder and other parts; I is the
revolving feeder, the shaft of which drops into a bracket J fixed to the
quadrant K at each side of the bench. This feeder shaft is secured in
its place by a block L, fixed as required by a hand screw. The block L
is released by the withdrawal of the screw for the purpose of adjusting
the said shaft. The revolving feeder I is a separate collar of steel with
a toothed periphery fixed on to a plain spindle. M is the friction roller
for pressing the wood upwards towards the revolving feeder I. This
roller M has its journal at each end supported by a carrier N, the central
pillar of which passes through a step and rests. upon a spring O. The

page_text: roller may be raised and lowered as required at each end simultaneously
by means of a nut P and screw applied to the central pillar of the
carrier N. The requisite elasticity is given to the roller by the action
of the spring O. By this arrangement the roller M is kept always in a
horizontal position when moved up and down to. ensure the square
cutting of the wood under operation. P is the horizontal sliding carrier,
which is worked to and fro as required by means of the pulleys Q, Q,
over which is passed an endless chain R; S is a vertical slide having
in its face grooves T, T, to admit of bolts and cramps as at U, to secure
the wood V to the slide S. The sliding carrier P may be. moved to and
from the saws as required by racks on the under side of the carrier P
and pinions W, W, on the horizontal shaft X turned by a hand wheel Y
or otherwise.

page_text: carrier and vertical slide for carrying and adjusting the wood required
to be cut with tenons or rabbeted or grooved, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Olley, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the First day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
Witness,
WILLIAM SPENCE,
8, Quality Court,
Chancery Lanc.
WILLIAM OLLEY. (L.S.)