Improvements in Machinery for Pulverizing Ore.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Mar.. 1888
Specification Accepted, 27th Apr., 1888
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Pulverizing Ore.
I, HENRY HUGH EAMES, Geologist and chemist, a citizen of the United States of
America, residing in the City of Baltimore, and State of Maryland, in the United
States of America, do hereby declare the nature of iny said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My Invention relates to Improvement in Machinery for Pulverizing the various
Ores and it is of that class wherein centrifugal force is the power employed to produce
the necessary abrasion and grinding; and it consists of a pulverizer with two or
more compartments therein, and specially designed mechanism is employed whereby
the ground particles are caused to pass from one compartment to the other and in
these other compartments subjected to additional abrasion and grinding, and finally
those particles which have reached the necessary degree of pulverization are carried
to the last compartment from where they are discharged into the recepticle for the
completed material. In the further description reference is had to the accompanying
drawings illustrative of my invention, in which
Fig. 1. shows a cross section through the pulverizer cut through A-A of the
device shown in Fig. 4.
Fig. 2. is a side view of the pulverizer, shown partly in section.
Fig. 3, is a detailed view of the rotating disk with the arms thereon; two of the
arms shown partly in section.
Fig. 4, is a view looking down on the pulverizer, shown partly in section.
The same figures refer to the same or similar parts throughout the several
views.
The figure 5 denotes the cylinder which forms the casing of the pulverizer and is
made in the two half sections 6 and 7 which are held together on one side by the
hinges 8 whereby the casing may be opened for access to the interior thereof for any
needed adjustment or repairs to the mechanism therein; the other side of the casing

page_text: +
being provided with the lugs 9, placed one on each half section thereof for the
purpose of securely clamping and locking the two half sections together. The
lower half section 7 being provided with the feet or lugs 10 for properly securing the
device to its foundation.
In Fig. 2, is shown the hopper 11 which is attached to the side of the upper half 6
of the casing and communicates with the interior of the pulverizer for supplying the
material thereto. The discharge opening 12 being placed on the side of the lower
half 7 of the casing, opposite the hopper 11, through which the ground material
passes when the operation of grinding is completed.
In order that the particles of ore may be deflected at different angles when thrown
out by centrifugal force against the inner surface of the casing, the said inner surface
is lined with the corrugated segments 13, four of which are placed in the lower half
section 7 and held thereat by gravity, the four other segments which complete the
lining being placed in the upper half section 6 and held thereat by securing the
lower segments to the casing by means of the bolts 14, the upper segments being
supported thereupon by their arched form. To divide the pulverizer into compart-
ments, the annular division plates 15 are provided which are made in two halves in
order that the casing 5 may be opened; and they may be made integral with the
said casing or be constructed of separate pieces and held in position by the corrugated
segments 13. These division plates 15 are constructed with the openings 16 therein,
the area of the said openings differing in each plate, in order that a free escape of the
ground material will be permitted from one compartment to the other as the process
of grinding approaches completion through the different compartments.
Resting upon the foundation blocks 17 are the bearings 18 which support the shaft 19
at each end, this shaft passes longitudinally through the centro of the casing 5 and
being provided with the pulleys 20, which are driven in the usual manner by belting;
secured to the shaft 19, by means of a key 21, each in their respective compartments
are the flanged hubs 22 which hold securely between the flanges thereof, by means of
through bolts, the disk 23, which is constructed of steel and made in this form to insure
the greater strength; the disk being provided with the perforations 34 in order that
the finer particles of material may more readily pass from one side of the said disk
to the other; bolted to this disk 23 are the arms 25, which are placed opposite each
other, one on each side of the disk, the bolts 24 passing through the three parts, and
being pocketed in the arms to prevent abrasion thereto in the process of grinding.
These arms 25 being in the curved form represented in Figs. 1 and 3 for the purpose
of causing the finer particles to pass from one compartment to the other in a manner
which will be described in the description of operation.
Secured to the ends of the arms 25 so that the face thereof will receive the impact
of the material to be ground are the hammers or beaters 26, which are constructed of
the hardest material, and are held in position by the pocketed bolt 27 represented in
Fig. 3. A modification is shown in Fig. 3, where one arm 28 is made with an off set
in the end thereof and whereto the square hammer 29 may be secured by means of a
pocketed bolt. This modification possessing the advantage of being able to utilize
other sides of the hammer, by turning the said hammer as the exposed surface becomes
worn and presenting new surfaces for action.
The manner of operating is as follows:
The pulleys 20 having been thrown in gear, and motion being given to the shaft,
the rotating movement of the enclosed disk 23, arms 25, and hammers 26 will cause a
current of air to pass through the pulverizer, entering through the hopper 11 and
passing out at the opening 16 in a manner similar to that produced in rotary
..blowers...
When sufficiently high speed has been attained, the ore having been previously
broken into lumps of convénient size, is continuously fed into the hopper 11 by means
I of some suitable feeding device, from whence it drops through the opening 30 into
the first compartment 31 of the pulverizer, when in consequence of the rapid rotating
movement therein, the lumps will be thrown by centrifugal force against the
corrugated surface forming the lining of the casing 5, rebounding therefrom at an

page_text: angle dependent upon that portion of the curvature of the corrugation upon which it
strikes; the different angles formed by the said curvature of the corrugation causing
the particles to rebound or be deflected at varying angles one from the other, and
meeting with the new particles of ore which have just entered the pulverizer, causing
by this diverse movement more frequent impact and greater abrasion result therefrom
than if the inner surface of the casing were of smooth cylindrical surface and the
particles rebounded in radial lines. The hammers 26 which are placed on the ends of
the arms 25, and consequently have the greatest circumferential movement, serve to
throw the particles with greater force against the sides of the casing 5 and meeting
them on their return produces additional abrasion, hence the hammers 26 are made of
the hardest material and the bolts for securing them need be protected in the manner
illustrated; as previously described, the arms 25 which are secured to the disk 23,
one on either side of the disk, are made in the curved form represented in Figs. 1 & 3;
the inner or concave surface of which in their rotating movement, in consequence of
their curved form, causes a slight inward or centripotal movement of air in their
vicinity, and those particles of ore which have been ground sufficiently fine as to
possess insufficient weight to be counteracted upon by the centrifugal force, when
brought within the influence of this inward moving current or in contact with the concave
surfaces of the said arms 25, will be carried toward the centre and within the influence
of the current of air which is caused to pass through the apparatus by the rotating
movement therein, and thus carried into the next compartment, through the opening 16
of the division plate 15, where those particles which possess sufficient weight and
have escaped from the first compartment will be subjected to further abrasion by the
centrifugal force therein until such degree of fineness is reached when in the manner
described they will be carried by the curved arms into the succeeding compartment,
from whence, if this be the last compartment in which is the discharge opening, it
will be discharged into the recepticle for the completed material. For convenience of
manufacture the compartments are all constructed alike with the curved arms. It is
not necessary, however, that these arms 25 should be of the curved form in this last
compartment as herein the process of grinding has been completed and arms con-
structed in the common radial form will serve the purpose of discharging the ore dust
from this compartment.
The perforations 34 are provided in the disks 23 in order that some of the finer
particles of ore may find escape thereby from one side thereof to the other when
brought within the current of air which is passing therethrough.
The division plates 15 are constructed with the central openings 16 therein of
different areas. The first being the smallest, and increasing in area.
The last being
the largest, whereby as the process of grinding through the different compartments
progresses the escape of the finer particles becomes easier. The smallest opening being
in the first compartment thus confining the largest particles of ore to this first
compartment, until a certain degree of fineness is assured.
Having described my invention and the manner of operating what I claim and
desire to secure by Letters Patent is :
1st. In a machine for pulverizing ore the combination of a casing; a rotating
shaft; a disk; flanged hubs by which the said disk is secured to the said shaft; arms
secured to the said disk and beaters attached to the end of the said arms, for the purpose
set forth.
2nd. In a machine for pulverizing ore the combination of a casing; a rotating
shaft; a disk; flanged hubs by which the said disk is secured to the said shaft ;
arms constructed in a curved .or bent form, the said arms placed on each side of the
said disk and secured thereto; beaters attached to the ends of the said curved arms,
and division plates for dividing the pulverizer into compartments. The said division
plates being provided with openings therein for the purpose set forth.
3rd. In a machine for pulverizing ore the combination of a casing; a rotating
haft; a disk having perforations therein; flanged hubs by which the said disk is

page_text: secured to the said shaft; arms secured to the said disk and beaters attached to
the ends of the said arms for the purpose set forth.
4th. In a machine for pulverizing ore the combination of a cylindrical casing the
inner surface of which is corrugated; a rotating shaft; a disk provided with
perforations therein; flanged hubs by which the said disk is secured to the said shaft;
curved arms secured on each side of said disk; annular division plates for dividing
the pulverizer into compartments, the openings in each being respectively of
different areas and beaters attached to the ends of said arms for the purpose set
forth.
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
321, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.