CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN KILNS FOR BURNING BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER EARTHERN SUBSTANCES
Year: 1848

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
SWAIN, of Pembridge, Hereford, Brick Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her.
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Eighteenth day of
July, One thousand eight hundred and forty-eight, in the twelfth year of: Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Swain, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, Her especial licence, full
power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said William Swain, my exors,
aduňors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Swain; my exors,
admiors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from 'time to
time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, 'and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
KILNS FOR BURNING BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER EARTHERN SUBSTANCES;" in which
said Letters Patent is contained a 'proviso, that I, the said William Swain,
should cause a particular description of the nature of my said. Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing
under my band and seal, to be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the day of
the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being
thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, J, the said
William Swain, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say :-
My Invention consists of improvements in the construction of kilns, in
order that the fuel used may be more advantageously employed. And in order
that my Invention may be most fully understood, and readily carried into
effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawing hereunto annexed, in the various
Figures of which the same letters are used to indicate the same parts.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figures 1 and 2 shew two external views of a kiln; Figure 3, a vertical
section; Figure 4, a plan in section taken through the fire-places; and
Figure 5 is a plan of the top of the roof when a roof is used, but in some
cases a roof is not as heretofore required. In each of these Figures the same
letters are used to indicate the same parts. A is the body of the kiln, which
may be varied. B is the feeding place or pipe, which is capable of being kept
closed when not feeding in fuel to the furnace or fire-place. There are six
furnaces or fire-places shewn to the kiln in the Drawing; but this may be
varied according to the size and-construction of the kiln; and as the furnaces
or fire-places and parts applied thereto according to my Invention are all alike,
the description of one will be the description of all. C is the furnace door,
having a smaller door c to cover an opening through the furnace door; this
smaller door is to admit of a rake passing through, so as not necessarily to
have to open the furnace door when the fire requires raking. D is the ash pit
door, which, like the other doors, are made capable of shutting very close. E
is an air pipe or tube leading to the fire-place. G is the fire box built with
fire bricks, leaving holes between the bricks. This arrangement of fire box is
similar to what has before been employed in some kilns, or other arrange-
ments may be made for receiving the fuel. f. f, are the fire bars; d, d, the
ash pits; g is a brick ledge to throw off the coals as they come through the
feed pipe. F, F, are the chimneys or outlets at the top of the kiln. The
several doors covering the passages B, C, c, D, and E, are cach made to
move on an axis on one side, and is supported on the other side on a stop or
support, and the doors are all made to fit closely. It is not, however, essential
that this form of door should be used. The great point to be obtained is the use
of doors to all the openings, in order to regulate or stop out altogether the
.

page_text: passage of air into the fires and kilns, by which means the person attending
the fires may with great nicety regulate the condition of the fires by regu-
lating the supply of air thereto, and further, when necessary, may shut off the
further passage of air to the fires, and thus prevent combustion, and thus
may fuel be burned more advantageously.in kilns.
I would, in conclusion, remark, that I do not confine myself to the details
berein shewn and described, so long as the peculiar character of my Invention
as herein described be retained, whereby I prevent a greater influx of air to
the interior of the kiln than is required for the combustion of the fuel, by
which considerable economy results.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Swain, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighth day of January, in the year of our Lord