Improvements in or relating to the Clouding of Textile Materials in Dyeing.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Nov., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 17th Aug., 1894-Accepted, 13th Oct., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Clouding of Textile Materials in
Dyeing.
A communication from PIERRE VICTOR RENARD, Manufacturer, of
28, Rue Boschot, Fontenay s. Bois, France.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
The clouding of textile materials is at present effected by means of fluted
cylinders printing colour-bands at regular intervals on sheets or narrow strips of
fibres, carded or combed, or even on spun goods. But the colours thus obtained
are not very solid.
I attain the same object with the same regularity and perfection by dye-baths,
as follows;
Perforated discs, frames or circles are placed in parallel position and held at a
fixed distance apart by any suitable bracing. When the discs in question have a
hub they are mounted on a shaft, with rings interposed to keep them apart at
any desired distance. Textile materials (in sheets or strips of fibres, or spun
threads) are arranged in layers of as uniform a thickness as possible, around the
periphery or rim of the said discs, frames or circles, and held firmly against their
edges by means of impermeable cords or ribbons, having the same width as the
said rim.
When the entire mass, so bound up, comes to be dipped into the dye-baths, the
textile materials only take the dye in the intervals between the discs, frames
or circles, as the pressure of the rims prevents the dye from penetrating in those
parts. It is of importance to remark that in the arrangement above described the
dye finds its way easily to both sides of the layer of textile material, and thus the
more easily penetrates it. Nevertheless, if the thickness of the layer were too great,
the penetration would become difficult. This difficulty would be obviated by the
superposition of several thin layers of stuffs, the one separated from the other by
the thickness of the cords or ribbons by which they have been bound together.
Thus while the material is always kept tightly compressed in the places where it
has to be preserved from the dye, yet in the intervals between the discs, frames, or
circles the material remains quite free of access and a free passage is permitted
to the dye.
It is well to add that by this process it is possible to produce clouded fabrics in
various colours by successive manipulations.
The form of the discs frames or circles their size and distance apart may all be
varied at pleasure, and the same applies to the size and shape of the cords or
ribbons by which they are bound tightly, the essential feature of my invention
consisting in the fact that the textile materials to be dyed are tightly bound, in
those portions which are to be protected from the action of the dye in the bath by
impermeable cords or ribbons, against the rigid rims of perforated discs, frames or
circles, maintained at fixed distances apart, and arranged in such manner that the
dye in the bath may act freely upon both sides of the layer of textile materials in
those portions which are to be dyed.
Dated this 23rd day of November 1902
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in or relating to the Clouding of Textile Materials in
Dyeing.
A communication from PIERRE VICTOR RENARD, Manufacturer, of
28, Rue Boschot, Fontenay s. Bois, France.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 323, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
The clouding of textile materials is at present effected by means of fluted
cylinders printing colour-bands at regular intervals ou sheets or narrow strips of
fibres, carded or combed, or even on spun goods. But the colours thus obtained are
not very solid.
I attain the same object with the same regularity and perfection by dye-baths,
as follows;
Perforated discs, frames or circles are placed in parallel position and held at a
fixed distance apart by any suitable bracing. When the discs in question have a
hub they are mounted on a shaft, with rings interposed to keep them apart at
any desired distance. Textile materials (in sheets or strips of fibres, or spun
threads) are arranged in layers of as uniform a thickness as possible, around the
periphery or rim of the said discs, frames or circles, and held firmly against
their edges by means of impermeable cords or ribbons having the same width as
the said rim.
When the entire mass, so bound up, comes to be dipped into the dye-baths, the
textile materials only take the dye in the intervals between the discs, frames or
circles, as the pressure of the rims prevents the dye from penetrating in those
parts. It is of importance to remark that in the arrangement above described the
dye finds its way easily to both sides of the layer of textile material, and thus
the more easily penetrates it. Nevertheless, if the thickness of the layer were
too great, the penetration would become difficult. This difficulty would be obviated
by the superposition of several thin layers of stuffs, the one separated from the
other by the thickness of the cords or ribbons by which they have been bound
together. Thus while the material is always kept tightly compressed in the places
where it has to be preserved from the dye, yet in the intervals between the discs,
frames, or circles the material remains quite free of access and a free passage is
permitted to the dye.
It may be here remarked that by this process it is possible to produce clouded
fabrics in various colours by successive manipulations.
For the more complete comprehension of the foregoing the accompanying
drawings illustrate, by way of example, some of the devices employed for this mode
of dyeing.
Figures 1 and 2 represent, in longitudinal and cross section, a series of flat
rings C held at fixed intervals by longitudinal bars B B, to which they may be
secured in any suitable manner (by nails, screws, bolts, rivets etc.). Impermeable
cores or ribbons D D are wound round the rings C with the layer of textile
material M to be clouded, held tightly between such cords or ribbons D.
When this bale is dipped in the dyeing bath, the textile matter will be
impregnated only in those parts lying between the rings C, and, on the other
hand, those parts which are covered by the impermeable ribbons or bands D will
remain undyed.
Figures 3 and 4 show another arrangement or device, wherein the rings C (in
Figures 1 and 2) are replaced by discs H mounted on a shaft A and held apart at
the desired intervals by the smaller rings or discs K mounted between them on the

page_text: same shaft; the shaft-ends are threaded and screw-nuts E screwed thereon enable
the whole to be tightly pressed together. The impermeable bands and the layer
of textile material are placed on the discs and treated as before.
Figures 5 and 6 show in vertical section and in plan the arrangement used for
winding the impermeable bands or ribbons upon the flat rings or on the discs
shown in Figures 1 to 4. The impermeable bands are first wound on a mandrel or
core M at the desired intervals, corresponding to those of the rings or discs, and
the end of each band is secured by any suitable means to the periphery of the
appropriate ring or disc on which it is to be wound.
By rotating the discs or rings in the direction shown by the arrow in Figure 5,
the bands are wound thereon in proportion as unwound from the mandrel. The
textile material F being laid across the bands D it will be tightly compressed
between them, and in this way one or more convolutions or layers may be wound
on the discs, one superimposed outside the other.
In order to preserve the material to be dyed or clouded from coming in direct
contact with the periphery of the ring or disc, it will be well to complete a
revolution of the bands thereon before introducing the. layer of textile material.
As soon as the textile layers are completely wound, the ends of the bands are
secured in any convenient and suitable manner, to prevent their becoming loose.
The form of the discs frames or circles, their size and distance apart may all be
varied at pleasure, and the same applies to the size and shape of the cords or
ribbons by which they are bound tightly, the essential feature of my invention
consisting in the fact that the textile materials to be dyed are tightly bound, in
those portions which are to be protected from the action of the dye in the bath by
impermeable cords or ribbons, against the rigid rims of perforated discs, frames or
circles, maintained at fixed distances apart and arranged in such manner that the
dye in the bath may act freely upon both sides of the layer of textile materials in
those portions which are to be dyed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, as communicated to me by my correspondent, and in what manner the same is
to be performed I declare that what I claim is ;—
The process of clouding in dyeing textile fabrics as hereinbefore described
consisting in binding the parts of the material which are to be preserved from the
dyeing action against a rigid support by means of impermeable cords or ribbons
and leaving uncovered those parts which are to be dyed so that in passing
through the bath the bound parts are untouched by the dye and the uncovered
parts impregnated by it.
Dated this 17th day of August 1894.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.