IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRICAL GOVERNORS be as follows
Year: 1885

page_text: I PETER WILLIAM WILLANS of Thames Ditton in the County of Surrey Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRICAL
GOVERNORS to be as follows:-
"
In electrical governors used for regulating the speed of motors the core of a
solenoid or the armature of an electro magnet is sometimes connected directly to
the throttle or regulating valve of the motor.-In such cases it is necessary in
order to allow for the friction of the stuffing box and the spindle connecting the
valve with the electric mechanism to make the solenoid of large power.
In order to dispense with stuffing boxes in such cases and so reduce the size of
the solenoid I enclose its core in a tube to which the fluid pressure is admitted and
place the coil through which the current passes, outside the tube.-Tho tube may
in steam engines be placed under the throttle valve in a casing connected to it by
a small pipe through which the rod passes to the throttle valve.—In this way the
tube may be kept full of water at all times and so remain cool although in per-
manent communication with the throttle valve casing in which is steam at a high
pressure. The attractive force of the solenoid coils may be compensated by a
spring or the compensation may be effected by the weight of the core or by
additional weights attached thereto. The throttle valve may be of any convenient
form and may if desired be constructed in the manner described in a former patent
granted to me so that if the current through the solenoid fails the throttle valve
shuts off the steam by moving beyond the position which it occupies when fully
open. The core may be made to travel slowly if desired by making it to fit the
water tube more or less nearly and thus the water tube may become a dash-pot
the core itself being the plunger.
The improved governor is applicable to other uses besides the regulation of the
speed of a motor.
Dated thin 55th 100

page_text: Improvements in Electrical Governors.
I, PETER WILLIAM WILLANS of Thames Ditton in the County of Surrey Engineer
do hereby declare the 'nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:—
In electrical governors used for regulating the speed of motors the core of a
solenoid or the armature of an electro magnet is sometimes connected directly to
the throttle or regulating valve of the motor. In such cases it is necessary in
order to allow for the friction of the stuffing box and the spindle connecting the
valve with the electrical mechanism to make the solenoid of large power.
In order to dispense with stuffing boxes in such cases and so reduce the size of
the solenoid I enclose its core in a tube to which the fluid pressure is admitted,
and place the coil through which the current passos outside the tube. The tube
may in steam engines be placed under the throttle valve in a casing connected to it
by a small pipe through which the rod passes to the throttle valve. In this way the
tube may be kept full of water at all times and so remain cool although in permanent
communication with the throttle valve casing in which is steam at a high pressure.
The attractive force of the solenoid coils may be compensated by a spring or the
'compensation may be effected by the weight of the core or by additional weights
attached thereto. The throttle valve may be of any convenient form and may if
desired be constructed in the manner described in a former patent granted to me
so that if the current through the solenoid fails the throttle valve shuts off the
steam by moving beyond the position which it occupies when fully open. The
core may be inade to travel slowly if desired by making it to fit the water tube
more or less nearly and thus the water tube may become a dash-pot the core
itself being the plunger.
The improved governor is applicable to other uses besides the regulation of the
speed of a motor.
In order that my said invention may be most fully understood and readily.
carried into effect I will proceed to describe the Drawing hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
The drawing shows the governor as applied directly to the throttle valve of a
steam engine.
a is the valve and 6 the valve casing. 6¹ is the connection with the boiler and b
the passage leading to the engine which drives a dynamo by which an electric
current is generated.
In the position which the drawing represents the ports of the throttle valve are
open and a normal current may be supposed to be flowing in the circuit. c is a
solenoid bobbin which the electric current (or a portion thereof) traverses. dis
the iron core of the solenoid which is sucked upwards into the bobbin as the
current increases. The core d is contained within a brass tube or casing e which
is connected by another tube f with the casing b so that practically b, e and fare
parts of the same enclosure or casing.

page_text: The tubes and will always be full of water and consequently the heat of
the steam in the casing b will not to any great extent be communicated to
the apparatus below. g a rod passing through the tube f and connecting the
solenoid core d with the valve a. h is a spring which in addition to the weight
of the parts resists the upward pull of the solenoid c, on the core d. The core d is
made to fit the case e more or less closely as may be desired so that the water may
have more or less effect in retarding the movements of the core. The parts being
in the position indicated if the current increases the valve a rises and the steam
ports are partially closed. On the other band if the current decreases the ports are
further opened up to a certain point but if the current fail or nearly so then the
ports are at once closed-the cause is probably a break in the circuit and injury
would result if the engine were not at once stopped.
By enclosing the solenoid core together with the valve which the solenoid has to
operate, the friction which a stuffing box would occasion is avoided.
The invention is applicable not only to. the direct action governors for steam
engines but to other governors where a solenoid core is connected with a valve
controlling the flow of a fluid. Thus this valve may for example serve to regulate
the passage of water under a moderate pressure from a chamber containing the
valve to a cylinder with a piston within it, the said piston being connected with
the expansion gear of the steam engine or any other part which it is desired to
adjust to the variations of the current in the core of the solenoid. When the
normal current is passing in the circuit the water valve is closed but on a change
taking place in the amount of the current the valve allows water to pass into the
cylinder at oue or other end and to escape from the cylinder at the opposite end;
the hydraulic piston then moves and with it the parts to which it is attached and
the desired adjustment is brought about.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1.An electrical governor in which a solenoid operates the throttle valve of a
steam engine and in which the solenoid core and the throttle valve are enclosed in
a casing to which the steam is admitted.
2. An electrical governor in which a solenoid operates the throttle valve of a
steam engine and in which the solenoid core and the throttle valve are enclosed in
a casing to which the steam is admitted and in which the solenoid is sheltered from
the heat of the steam by liquid in which the core is immersed.
3. An electrical governor in which a solenoid operates a valve controlling the
flow of a fluid under pressure and in which the solenoid core and the valve are
contained in a casing and are alike exposed to the fluid pressure.
4. An electrical governor substantially as described and represented in the
annexed drawings.