IMPROVEMENTS IN THURMING ARTICLES HAVING FOUR OR ANY NUMBER OF FLAT SIDES
Year: 1885

page_text: I RICHARD HELLYER MANNING of No 27 Regent Square Grays Inn Road in the
County of Middlesex, Carpenter and Joiner do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THURMING ARTICLES HAVING FOUR OR ANY NUMBER
OF FLAT SIDES and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention consists of thurming or turning bars of wood or other substances
affixed upon a revolving drum or cylinder to any required pattern or design so that
the article thurmed or turned may have flat instead of curved faces.
I attain the object of my invention in the following manner-
I connect the objects to be thurmed to a circular drum or cylinder, having
specially designed "cylinder heads" in the manner hereinafter described and as
shewn in figures 1 and 2 in the accompanying drawings. In the case of large
articles I connect the articles by bolts and nuts in the cylinder heads, and in the
case of small articles by affixing them between raised rims passing around the drum
at distances apart suitable to the length of the article and held in position by the
said rims and by pins projecting from the surface of the drum or the rims The
bars are bedded at each end upon india rubber or other elastic bands passing
around the drum.
For large work I attach to each end of the drum a cylinder head of a circum-
ference larger than the drum as at E. E. They are through sections of a cylinder,
and I compose them of two circular, flat metal rims or plates, one outer and the
other inner as shewn at letter C & C The inner plate having square holes and
the outer plate C³ having slotted holes opening outwards directly opposite to or in
a parallel line with the square holes, such square and slotted holes being cut in the
plates at such distances as will be most suitable or proportional to the size or
circumference of the drum and the diameter of the bar or article being thurmed;
The space between these plates I fill in with wood as shewn in figure 1.
bolts B. B have tightening nuts as shewn at G. the smaller nut passing into and
lying in the square hole, the outer, larger, or tightening nut presses against the
face of the metal plate nearest to the articles being thurmed; the inner end or
point of the bolt being screwed on to the ends of the bars being thurmed as in an
ordinary turning lathe, the outer ends of the bolts B work up and down in the
The

page_text: sloted hole C, and extend beyond it & the outer plate; underneath these outer
ends as at L'I place spiral or elastic springs so that, after the article being thurmed
has come under the pressure bar hereafter described and has, (along with the point.
of the bolt B) been depressed upon the circular elastic bands D. D. the said article
may recover its original or normal position on the drum,-I next apply fixed bars,
hereafter called "Guides as shewn at letter "H," these I make of wood with the
ends thereof (with which the articles being thurmed come into contact, and are by
them depressed) covered with metal as shewn at ** The guides are actuated upon
by a horizontal bar "I" which I call the "pressure bar" & which crosses the
guides and lies parallel with the drum or cylinder. The pressure bar is raised or
depressed into any required height from the article being thurmed or the guide
bars by means of the metal rod or bar K and the screw nuts fitted thereto, passing
through the frame work hereafter referred to at "O" The lower end of this bar K
is affixed to the floor of the workshop in a plate laid thereupon, or in any other
manner, and the nuts and screw at the top of the rod at O serve to elevate or
depress the pressure bar into any required position.
It will thus be seen that as the cylinder or drum (driven by bands and shafting
or by any other machinery or motive power) revoles the articles thereto attached
as described revolve, and each in its turn is brought into contact with the under
face or faces of the guides, and the guides depress the articles being thurmed upon
the elastic bands or beds, and thus the articles being thurmed are by this process
taken out of, what would otherwise be their circular direction on the drum
revolving and brought and osscillate into the direction of the straight line of the
guides, and whilst the article is in such straight line it is operated upon by the
cutting or turning tools fixed above it, which tools are thus enabled to cut the
article flat straight or square, instead of curved, as hitherto It will also be seen
that after each bar or article in revolving has passed away from the depression of
the guides it recovers its previous or normal position in the circle of the cylinder or
drum, acting under the influence of the springs and elastic bands as described
Finally I affix the whole of the mechanism as above described in an outer framework
as sketched at M. N. O. in the drawings..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
That by the process and combination of parts and mechanism (particularly in the
mode and use of springs and elastic bands, allowing of depression and osscilation
from a circular into a straight line as described I have improved the art of thurming
or turning by producing upon articles revolving on a cylindrical drum, a straight,
flat, square or plain surface or surfaces instead of curved surfaces to any pattern of
square thurming-Or in other words I have perfected the art of flat or square
thurming articles revolving on a cylinder or drum,