IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING COLOURING MATTERS FOR DYEING AND PRINTING
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Hodgson Gratrix, of Salford, in the County
of Lancaster, Dyer and Printer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
OBTAINING COLOURING MATTERS FOR DYEING AND PRINTING."-Partly a com-
munication from abroad by Matthias Paraf, of Thann, in the Empire
of France.
Sealed the 10th May 1861, and dated the 14th November 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Hodgson Gratrix
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th November 1860.
I, ROBERT HODGSON GRATRIX, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Dyer
and Printer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN OBTAINING COLOURING MATTERS FOR DYEING AND PRINTING," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to obtaining coloring matters from aniline and other
bodies derived from coal tar and the alkaloids, and consists in the employment
of all the oxygenated compounds of antimony capable of dehydrogenizing
more or less organic bodies. The azotized compounds of tin, nickel, aluminium,
arsenic (other than the arsenic acid) cadmuim, chromium, cobalt, copper,
glucinium, manganese, molybdenum, osmium, tungsten, zinc. The chlorides,
iodides, cyanides, bromides, fluorides of all the non-metallic bodies as well as
the chlorides of arsenic, but not the chloride of carbon, oxygenated water,

page_text: ozone in all its forms, all the compounds of azote and oxygen, the chromates
other than that of potash, the manganates and permanganates other than those
of potash, the ferrates, perchloric acid, the perchlorates, osmic acid, cupric acid,
the oxygenated acids of iodine and bromine, that is, áll the compounds or
bodies capable of dehydrogenizing organic bodies, cold or hot, anhydrous or
bydrated, according to the manner desired.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Robert Hodgson Gratrix in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 14th May 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
HODGSON GRATRIX, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Dyer and Printer,
send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her. Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Robert Hodgson Gratrix, Her special license that I, the said Robert Hodgson
Gratrix, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Robert Hodgson Gratrix, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN OBTAINING COLOURING MATTERS FOR DYEING AND PRINTING," the result
partly of a communication made to me from abroad by Matthias Paraf, of
Thann, in the Empire of Frence, and partly of Invention and discovery made
by me, upon the condition, amongst others, that I, the said Robert Hodgson
Gratrix, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Hodgson Gratrix, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say:-

page_text: This Invention relates to the preparation of colouring matters from aniline
or analogous substances, which I accomplish as follows:-If it is proposed to
make a purple coloring matter, I proceed thus:-To four parts of water I add
three parts of commercial nitrate of copper, and mix well during the addition ;
I then add by degrees one part of aniline, and stir well during and after the
addition, and allow it to remain standing for about twenty-four hours; I then
filter and boil the filtrate for about two hours; it is then filtered again, and
the precipitate is well washed with cold water until a pure purple coloring
matter begins to come; this may be produced more rapidly by the use of
boiling water or boiling water slightly acidulated with tartaric or other suitable
acid. The colouring matter so extracted may be used as it is for dyeing
purposes, and if required for printing, it may be precipitated by any of the
well known processes, & the precipitate redissolved in alcohol, acetic acid, or
other suitable solvent.
For producing red colouring matter from aniline, I take, say, five parts of
aniline, and mix well with four parts of the nitrate of antimonic acid, and
bring this gradually to about one hundred and eighty degrees Fahrenheit, on
a sand, oil, or other suitable bath, and at that heat the metal will be for the
most part precipitated at the bottom of the vessel; I then pour the liquid into
another vessel, and replace it upon the sand. bath, and gradually bring it to
about three hundred and seventy degrees Fahrenheit, and allow it to remain
at that temperature for about ten minutes. Having permitted the liquid to
cool, the colouring matter may be extracted by any of the well-known methods
for extracting the pure colouring matters formed in the various reactions with
aniline. I find also that the nitrate of nickel will answer equally well.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Hodgson Gratrix, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
R. HODGSON GRATRIX.
(L.S.)