IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WASHING AND MANGLING, PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO L
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Benjamin Greening, of the City of Manchester, Wire
Worker and Machine Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR WASHING AND MANGLING, PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO
LETTERS PATENT to Benjamin Greening, of the City of Manchester, Wire
Worker and Machine Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR WASHING AND MANGLING, PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO
CHURNING."
Sealed the 12th January 1856, and dated the 12th July 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Benjamin Greening at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th July 1855.
I, BENJAMIN GREENING, of the City of Manchester, Wire Worker and
Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WASHING AND MANGLING, PARTS OF WHICH
ARE APPLICABLE TO CHURNING," to be as follows:-
My improvements consist first in certain improved arrangements of machi-
nery for giving a partial rotary in addition to an up and down motion to the
instrument by which the fabrics to be washed are agitated in the washing tub.
The up and down motion may be given by a crank acting on a three-armed
lever, one arm of which acts on a chain connected to the axis of the washing
instrument to impart thereto the requisite partial rotary motion; this part of
my improvements is also applicable to churning.
My improvements in mangling consist in so arranging the bearings of the

page_text: rollers, that by moving a lever the top roller is raised to admit the mangling
board, and the roller on which the fabrics to be operated upon are wound;
also in an arrangement of levers, wheels, and catch boxes to reverse the
direction of rotation of the rollers.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Benjamin Greening in the Great Seal. Patent Office on the
12th January 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, BENJAMIN
GREENING, of the City of Manchester, Wire Worker and Machine Maker,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent,, bearing date the Twelfth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Benjamin Greening, Her special license that I, the said Benjamin Greening,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Benjamin Greening, my executors, administrators, and assigns, 'should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY" FOR WASHING AND MANGLING, PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO
CHURNING," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Benjamin
Greening, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should parti-
cularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said: Benjamin Greening, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
Specification thereof, reference being had to the accompanying Drawing (that
is to say)-
The nature of my Invention consists, first, in an improved combination of
machinery for giving apartial-rotary in addition to an up and down motion

page_text: to the instrument by which the fabrics to we
washing tub:
are agitated
Secondly, my improvements in machinery for 'mangling consist in an im-
proved arrangement of parts for reversing the direction of rotation of the
mangling rollers and board on which the fabrics are placed..
And, lastly, in the application of the improved combination of machinery
herein firstly referred to for churning.
I have in the said Drawing shewn how .my improvements may be con-.
structed, similar parts in both the views being marked. with corresponding
letters of reference.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved machinery as arranged, for
washing and mangling; Figure 2 is a front elevation of the same.
a, a, are the side frames, united at the top by the connecting frame b, and
at the bottom by the plate c, which is mounted on rollers in the ordinary
manner; is the driving shaft, revolving in bearings in the frame a, and
furnished at one end with a fly wheel d', and at the other end with a fast
pulley and loose pulley d³. The machine may be worked by the handle
d', projecting from the fly wheel, or by a strap worked by steam or other
power. On the shaft & is the spur pinion d, gearing into the wheel e¹ on
the axis. of the roller e. This roller transmits. motion to the upper roller f
by the pinions and f¹, which are shewn by dots in Figure 1. To the shaft d
is fixed the spur pinion de, which gives motion to the crank shaft g by means
of the pinion g', seen best in Figure 2. In the Drawing the pinion d
is shewn to one side of the pinion g', because the various parts are repre-
sented in the Drawing in the positions for mangling; but when the opera-
tion of washing is. to be performed, the shaft d is moved laterally by the lever
g and grooved boss d', so as to bring the pinions d and g¹ into gear. The
requisite up and down and partial rotary motion is imparted to the instru-
ment.h, by which the fabrics to be washed are agitated in the washing tub ¹
by means of the connecting link i, the lower end of which is jointed to the
crank of the crank shaft g, and the upper end is jointed to the three-armed
lever j, 'whose fulcrum is at ; the vertical arm of this lever passes through.
the chain ; and to the third arm of the lever is suspended by the links m
the pulley, keyed on the vertical spindle o, which works in bearings fixed-
to the frame b. The lower end of the spindle o is furnished with a socket,.
in which is secured the shank or handle of the instrument h. The endless
chain passes around, and is made fast to the pulley n; it is then taken around
the pulley p, which is loose on the stud p', and bears upon the spiral incline p².

page_text: When the crank g revolves, it causes the pulley n to rise and fall, and at
the same time the vertical arm of the lever j causes the chain to move
laterally, and as this chain is fast to the pulley n, it is obvious that the up
and down and partial rotary motion requisite for washing the fabrics is thus.
imparted to the instrument h.
The object of the incline p³ is to cause the guide pulley p to rise and fall
with the pulley n, thereby preventing to a great extent the tightening and
slackening of the chain l. When the machine is being used for washing, the
mangling board g is removed, and the upper rollerf then bears on the roller e;
but as soon as the machine is required for mangling, the upper roller is raised
to admit the board g and the fabrics to be operated upon by means of the
screw 7, shewn in dots in Figure 1, the handle and springs, the ends of
which fit in recesses in the bearing blocks of the upper roller f.
When the board q and the fabrics to be mangled are in their places, the
upper roller is brought down and the requisite pressure applied by the screw r,
handle, and spring s; the machine is then set to work, and the board q is
made to reverse the direction of rotation of the roller c in the following
manner To the shaft d is keyed, as before stated, the pulley d², which is
connected with the bevel pinion by a clutch box z¹; the pinion gears into
the carrier, revolving on a stud fixed to the side frame; the carrier drives
the pinion, the boss of which revolves in a hole in the framing. Through the
boss of the pinion 3 passes the sliding bush ; this sliding bush is moved
laterally on the shaft by the lever t, to which is jointed one end of the piece t¹,
which is made with a slot for the weighted tumbler lever u to pass through;
this lever also passes through the link w, which connects the two levers x and y;
these levers are acted upon by the projections q' and q² from the table q.
When the table in moving in the direction of the arrow in Figure 1 arrives
near the end of its traverse, the projection q' acts on the lever y, and causes
the tumbler lever u to assume the position indicated by a dotted line in
Figure 2; the slot piece t¹ then acting on the lever t, moves the sliding bush 2,
so as to bring the catch box of the pinion z into gear, thereby reversing the
direction of rotation of the roller e, which then takes the table 7 back, until
the projection, acting on the lever a, again acts on the sliding bush z, and
disengages the clutch box of the pinion z, and connects the clutch box of the
pinion ; by this means the table is again made to move in the direction of
the arrow.
my improvements are applied to churning, the parts of the machine
requisite for washing and mangling are disconnected or thrown out of gear,

page_text: and the plunger or other instrument for churning is attached to the socket of
the vertical spindle o.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and the means of perform-
ing the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the
details herein set forth; and that what I do claim is,-
First, the improved combination of machinery shewn and described for
giving a rotary and up and down motion to the instrument by which fabrics
are agitated in the washing tub, or to the plunger or other instrument used in
churning.
And, secondly, the improved arrangement of machinery shewn and described
for reversing the direction of rotation of rollers used for mangling.
In witness whereof, I, the said Benjamin Greening, have hereunto set
hand and seal, the Tenth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
my
BENJAMIN GREENING. (L.S.)