their Extracts, such as Opium, Lactuca, and their likes.
Year: 1885

page_text: their Extracts, such as Opium, Lactuca, and their likes.
I, Dr. GEORGE KASSNER of the city of Breslau, Kingdom of Prussia, Empire of
Germany, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Most of the plants containing milky juice, belonging to the order of Asclepiadaceae,
Apocynaceae, Euphorbiaceae, composites, Moracea, Papaveraceae, Urticaceae, etc,
contain in their milky juice, caoutchouc.
This substance is already produced on a large scale from trees by tapping the
bark and letting the milky juice run out.
Caoutchouc can also be produced from any other plants containing milky juice,
such as herbs, shrubs, branches of trees, in the following manner.
The respective green plants and parts of plants or the extracts obtained therefrom,
as for instance, Opium, Lactuca and the like, are well dried and reduced by means
of machines, rollers or hammers.
If the plants contain valuable fibres, a cutting or crushing of the fibrous stems
will be prevented, the leaves themselves may be reduced to a fine powder. Such
reduced material, is afterwards. put onto riddles with different sizes of meshes,
during which operation the powder from the leaves gets separated from the plants
fibres & seed wool, if such is contained in the respective plants.
The plant powder prepared in the described manner is afterwards put into
suitable extractors in which it is treated with ordinary means known for dissolving
caoutchouc.
For such purposes are most suitable, Benzine, sulphite of carbon, chloroform, or
such mixtures with alcohol and similar ones.
-
The apparatus is heated by means of steam pipes and after a few hours, the
solution obtained thereby, is separated from the extracted plant parts and distilled
by the dissolving means after which operation a mixture of caoutchouc, wax, fat,
and plant colouring matter, remains.
The separation of these bodies can take place in different ways, either the
remaining plant extract can be boiled out with strong alcohol, by means of which
the colouring matter, and the greater part of the wax and fat get dissolved, while
the caoutchouc mixed with a little colouring matter and fat substance, remains as
raw caoutchouc

page_text: The raw caoutchouc is then further purified through boiling with kali or soda
containing alcohol.
Or the said mixture may be heated directly with a solution of caustic potasium
or a solution of caustic soda and alcohol whereby the fat and wax substances will
soon get united and will be washed out of the undissolved caoutchouc, with the
whole of the colouring matter.
From the hot alcoholic wax, fat, and colouring matter solutions, obtained in the
described manner, the greatest part of the mentioned plant parts when getting
cold will get separated, while the colouring matter will remain in the solution and
be obtained through the distilling of the alcohol.
The wax and fat separated during the cooling are compressed and melted &
afterwards bleached.
To purify still further the raw caoutchouc separated in one way or the other,
the same may be again dissolved in sulphite of carbon, chloroform, etc, and out of
this solution be filled up with pure alcohol, it is also possible to purify the raw
product obtained, with Ether.
After the extracted solution is drawn off, the plant parts extracted in the described
manner are liberated from the remaining vapours of the dissolving means (Benzine
or the like) and drawn out of the extract receptacles by means of injecting hot air
and by means of strong presses formed into cakes, which are easily transported, in
which form, most of the plants and plant parts suitable for the production of
caoutchouc, will constitute a useful and nourishing cattle food as they retain
perfectly their albumen matter and carburated hydrogen.
If the plants to be extracted contain other valuable matter besides those named,
the isolation of which would be profitable, or poisonous matter, which latter would
prevent the use of the remains for cattle food, the same may be extracted with
alcohol before the plant powder is treated with Benzine or similar substance.
The extract obtained through the alcohol may itself be treated afterwards for
the production of the bodies contained therein, viz, alkaloid, fragrant matter, resin,
colouring matter and the like.
The caoutchouc will then be contained in the second extracts of the substances,
produced with Benzine or by any of the above described dissolving means, but
in a purer state out of which it can be purified again in the above described
manner.
Even this second extraction always leaves in the plant powder the whole of the
albumen and carburated hydrogen, and such remains, liberated from the injurious
matter, will always be useful as cattle food, the bast like remains of the fibrous
plants stems, during the pulverizing and sieving operations, or the seed wool also
collecting there, can be further cleaned from wood and bark parts by roasting
in water and by hackling, and be utilized as spinning material or for paper
making.
By the described treatment a systematic utilization of the plants and their parts
can be obtained.
It will be understood that by this treatment also, plant extracts containing
caoutchouc, as for instance, opium, Lactuca and the like, may have their caoutchouc
extracted without injuring the other valuable matter contained therein or lessen
their quality.

page_text: Improvements in the Process or Manner of Manufacturing
Caoutchouc, Wax, Fat, Colouring Matter, Vegetable Fibre,
Fibre Wool, and Cattle Food from Lactucarious Plants, or
from Plants or Vegetables Bearing Milky Juice, or from
their Extracts, such as Opium, Lactuca, and their likes.
I, Dr. GEORGE KASSNER of the City of Breslau, Kingdom of Prussia, Empire of
Germany do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
Most of the plants containing milky juice, belonging to the order of Asclepiadaceae,
Apocynaceae, Euphorbiaceae, composites, Moracea, Papaveraceae, Urticaceae, etc,
contain in their milky juice, caoutchouc. This substance is already produced on a
large scale from trees by tapping the bark and letting the milky juice run out.
Caoutchouc can also be produced from any other plants containing milky juice,
such as herbs, shrubs, branches of trees, in the following manner.
The respective green plants and parts of plants or the extracts obtained there-
from, as for instance, Opium, Lactuca, and the like, are well dried and reduced by
means of machines, rollers, or hammers.
If the plants contain valuable fibres, a cutting or crushing of the fibrous stems
will be prevented, the leaves themselves may be reduced to a fine powder. Such
reduced material is afterwards put onto riddles with different sizes of meshes,
during which operation the powder from the leaves gets separated from the plants
fibres and seed wool, if such is contained in the respective plants.
The plant powder prepared in the described manner is afterwards put into
suitable extractors in which it is treated with ordinary means known for dissolving
caoutchouc.
For such purposes are most suitable, Benzine, sulphite of carbon, chloroform, or
Buch mixtures with alcohol and similar ones.
The apparatus is heated by means of steam pipes and after a few hours the
solution obtained thereby, separated from the extracted plant parts, and distilled
by the dissolving means, after which operation a mixture of caoutchouc, wax, fat
and plant colouring matter remains. The separation of these bodies can take place
in different ways, either the remaining plant extract can be boiled out with strong
alcohol, by means of which the colouring matter, and the greater part of the wax
and fat get dissolved, while the caoutchouc mixed with a little colouring matter
and fat substance, remains as raw caoutchouc.
The raw caoutchouc is then further purified through boiling with kali or sodą
containing alcohol,

page_text: Or the said mixture may be heated directly with a solution of caustic potasium,
or a solution of caustic soda, & alcohol, whereby the fat and wax substances will
soon get united and will be washed out of the undissolved caoutchouc, with the
whole of the colouring matter.
From the hot alcoholic wax, fat, and colouring matter solutions, obtained in the
described manner, the greatest part of the mentioned plant parts when getting cold
will get separated, while the colouring matter will remain in the solution and be
obtained through the distilling of the alcohol.
The wax and fat separated during the cooling are compressed and melted and
afterwards bleached.
To purify still further the raw caoutchouc separated in one way or the other,
the same may be again dissolved in sulphite of carbon, chloroform, etc, and out of
this solution be filled up with pure alcohol, it is also possible to purify the raw
product obtained, with Ether,
After the extracted solution is drawn off, the plant parts extracted in the
described manner are liberated from the remaining vapours of the dissolving means
(Benzine or the like) and drawn out of the extract receptacles by means of injecting
hot air and by means of strong presses, formed into cakes, which are easily
transported, in which form, most of the plants and plant parts suitable for the
production of caoutchouc, will constitute a useful and nourishing cattle food as
they retain perfectly their albumen matter and carburated hydrogen.
If the plants to be extracted contain other valuable matter besides those named,
the isolation of which would be profitable, or poisonous matter, which latter would
prevent the use of the remains for cattle food, the same may be extracted with
alcohol before the plant powder is treated with Benzine or similar substance.
The extract obtained through the alcohol may itself be treated afterwards for
the production of the bodies contained therein, viz, alkaloid, fragrant matter, resin,
colouring matter and the like.
The caoutchouc will then be contained in the second extracts of the substances,
produced with Benzine, or by any of the above described dissolving means, but in
a purer state out of which it can be purified again in the above described manner.
Even this second extraction always leaves in the plant powder the whole of the
albumen and carburated hydrogen, and such remains, liberated from the injurious
matter, will always be useful as cattle food, the bast like remains of the fibrous
plant stems, during the pulverizing and sieving operations, or the seed wool also
collecting there, can be further cleaned from wood and bark parts by roasting in
water and by hackling, and be utilized as spinning material or for paper making.
By the described treatment a systematic utilization of the plants and their
parts can be obtained.
It will be understood that by this treatment also, plant extracts containing
caoutchouc, as for instance, opium, Lactuca and the like, may have their caoutchouc
extracted without injuring the other valuable matter contained therein or lessen
their quality.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
First. The extraction from plants containing milky juice, of all orders, for
instance, Asclepiadaceae, Ficus, Liphonia, Morus, Aceraceae, Hevea, Sonckus, and so
forth, in a dried state, or of extracts already prepared therefrom, as for instance,
Opium, Lactuca, by means of Benzine, sulphite or similar dissolving means, for the
purpose of the production of an extract, to be treated by boiling it with alcohol
for obtaining the different colouring matters, as well as the wax and fat contained
therein, as set forth.
Second The working un of the matter remaining during the boiling of the

page_text: being treated with alcohol containing alkali, or after dissolving the remains
containing caoutchouc, by suitable means, as for instance sulphite of carbon, from
which solution the caoutchouc in a cleaner state is filled with alcohol or ether, as
set forth.
Third. The use of the plant fibres and plant hairs (wool) which get separated
during the pulverizing and sieving of the respective plant parts by the described
treatment for spinning or the manufacture of paper, as set forth.
Fourth. Manufacturing the plant powder extracted and remaining during the
described treatment into cake-like cattle food by the employment of suitable
presses as set forth.
Fifth. In substitution of Claim 1 in cases where the disposition & kind of the
plants to be used will permit it;-
a) The extraction with the reduced plants; firstly with alcohol & working up
of the bodies contained in this extract, as for instance alkaloid, resin, etc
in well known manners;—
b) and consecutive extraction of such plants with benzine, sulphite of carbon
or other similar means and working up of the extract obtained thereby in
the method specified in Claims 1 and 2.