AN IMPROVED STUD OR FASTENING FOR SECURING THE ENDS OF BALE BANDS
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Andrew Allan, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Civil Engineer, and John Burns, of the same Place,
Stevedore, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED STUD OR FASTENING FOR
SECURING THE ENDS OF BALE BANDS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Andrew Allan and
John Burns at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 12th February 1874.
We, ANDREW ALLAN, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Civil
5 Engineer, and JOHN BURNS, of the same Place, Stevedore, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED STUD OR
FASTENING FOR SECURING THE ENDS OF BALE BANDS," to be as follows :-

page_text: of bale bands have either been rivetted or so formed that it has been
necessary before the tied up produce or merchandise could be released
to cut the bands or the studs, or to resubject the bale to pressure.
The cost and disadvantages attending these operations are evidently
objectionable and practically prohibitory as regards the use of studs so
used or constructed.
The object of our Invention is to provide an inexpensive stud or
fastening which can be easily and quickly applied whilst the bale is in
the press, is efficient when in use, and is capable of being disconnected
without injury to itself or the band. For these purposes we have devised
a stud which for convenience we will describe as consisting of three
parts; first, an inner head of button-like or other form; second, a stem
rising from the inner head and connecting it to, third, the outer head. The
length of the stem is about equal to the thickness of the two overlapping
ends of the band to be connected. The outer head is led from the stem
at or about a right angle in one direction, and is caused to pass through
the oblong or elongated apertures with which it is used in combination,
in such manner that it points in the direction of the free overlapping
end of the band. To release a bale band secured by the said stud as
described it is simply necessary to give the outer head a half turn when
the free overlapping end of the band can be slipped over the outer head
of the stud.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Andrew Allan and John Burns in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 12th August 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, ANDREW
ALLAN, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, and JOHN
BURNS, of the same Place, Stevedore, send greeting.
2
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of February, in the year 3
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give

page_text: and grant unto us, the said Andrew Allan and John Burns, Her special
licence that we, the said Andrew Allan and John Burns, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Andrew
Allan and John Burns, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "AN IMPROVED STUD OR FASTENING FOR SECURING THE ENDS of
BALE BANDS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
Andrew Allan and John Burns, our executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters

page_text: parts; first, an inner head of button-like or other form; second, a stem
rising from the inner head and connecting it to, third, the outer head.
The length of the stem is about equal to the thickness of the two
overlapping ends of the band to be connected. The outer head is led
from the stem at or about a right angle in one direction, and is caused to
pass through the oblong or elongated apertures with which it is used in
combination, in such manner that it points in the direction of the free
overlapping end of the band. To release a bale band secured by the
said stud as described it is simply necessary to give the outer head a
half turn when the free overlapping end of the band can be slipped over
the outer head of the stud.
Fig. 3 a longitudinal section showing the bands released.
Fig. 4 a plan view, and Fig. 5 a section of a modification in which
the top overlapping band is bent back.
In all these views like letters denote the same parts.
a, inner head, here shown convex on the side, which comes into contact
with the bale, and flat on the side in contact with the band; b, stem,
here shown cylindrical, it may be of other form; c, outer head, the form
of this may also be varied, but in all cases it must project from the stem
outwards at one part and must not go beyond the stem at what may be
called its rear end; d, bands; e, apertures therein.
Having now described our said Invention, we would have it under-
stood that we do not claim as of our Invention perforating the ends of
the bands, nor generally the use of a stud to connect the bands by being
pressed through the apertures; what we do claim is, the employment of
a stud or fastening having the three parts a, b, and c for fastening,
firmly securing during transit, and allowing of disconnection of bale

page_text: bands without cutting them or the stud, or subjecting the bales to
pressure to allow of removal of the stud, all substantially as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Andrew Allan, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Eleventh day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy-four.
In the presence of
JAS. JOHNSON,
Patent Office,
Clayton Square,
L'pool.
ANDREW ALLAN. (L.S.)