Improvements in Locomotive Engines.
Year: 1897

page_text: Dat: of Application, 31st Dec., 1897-Accepted, 2nd Apr., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Locomotive Engines.
I, THOMAS JEFFERSON MURRAY, of 33, West Copper Street, Butte, in the County of
Silver Bow and State of Montana, United States of America, Physician and Surgeon,
do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to locomotive engines particularly adapted for use in cold
climates, and the object is to provide a construction whereby all of the heating apparatus
is suitably encased and protected from cold air or snow, thus permitting the parts to
retain their heat and condense less steam on their surfaces than would be the case
were the parts left exposed. A further object is to provide an improved means for
heating the feed water and admitting it to the boiler, and to provide a simple
construction of surface condenser from which the condensation is returned to the
water tank.
I will describe a locomotive engine embodying my invention, and then point.
out the novel features in the appended claims.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this
specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in
all the views.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a locomotive engine embodying my invention;
Figure 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Figure 3;
Figure 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Figure 2;
Figure 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of Figure 3;
Figure 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of Figure 2 ;
Figure 6 is a section on the line 6-6 of Figure 2;
Figure 7 is a section on the line 7-7 of Figure 8, showing a modification;
Figure 8 is a section on the line 8-8. of Figure 7; and
Figure 9 is a section on the line 9-9 of Figure 7.
The locomotive will consist of three distinct parts or frames, each carrying a number
of operating parts. The main frame comprises side girders 1, which extend the
entire length of the locomotive and are trussed together at suitable intervals. This
main frame carries the boiler, coal bunkers, water tanks, ash pans, furnace, feed heater,
foot-plates and a cab. The main frame is supported on the forward truck frame 2,
and a rear truck frame 3. Each truck frame will be supported on six wheels, and each
truck frame consists of side pieces connected together by cross plates 4. These
trucks may be considered the engines, as they carry the bigh and low pressure
cylinders, as will be hereinafter described.
The trucks are connected to the main frame so as to swing relatively thereto in a
horizontal plane, to allow the engine to round curves, by means of centering pins 5,
each extended through a bottom bearing plate 6 mounted on a cross bar of the frame,
and through a top bearing plate 7 secured to a cross bar 8 of the main frame. Ball bear-
ings are arranged in raceways formed in the upper and lower bearing plates, and one of
the bearing plates (here shown as the upper bearing plate) has a peripheral

page_text: flange which engages around the periphery of the lower bearing plate, so as to with-
stand the motive force imparted to the total machine, or in other words, to withstand
the shocks incident to the running of the locomotive. The ball bearings will allow a
free movement in all directions radial to the centre.
The forward truck 2 carries at each side a high pressure cylinder 9, and a low
pressure cylinder 10. The pistons operating in the cylinders of a side have their
stems connected to a cross-head 11, which is connected to the crank rod 12 engaging
with the drive wheels of the forward truck. The rear truck 3 also carries at its
opposite sides high pressure cylinders 13 and low pressure cylinders 14. The pistons
in each cylinder of a pair have their stems connected to a cross-head 15, which has a
crank rod connection 16 with the rear driving wheels.
Steam is admitted to the forward high pressure cylinders through a pipe 17, leading
from the steain done to the boiler 18 mounted on the main frame. This pipe 17
extends forward througli the head of the boiler down through the smoke box, and
thence horizontally to the steam chests of the high pressure cylinders. I provide ball
and socket connections 19 and 20 between the vertical and lower horizontal portions
of the steam pipe, and I also provide a sliding connection 21 between these pipes.
By this arrangement it is obvious that the portion of the steam pipe carried by the
boiler and the main frame may turn relatively to the other portion. Steam is led
into the steam chest on the rear high pressure cylinder by means of a pipe 22, and
this pipe has similar ball and socket and sliding connections as above described and
for the same purpose.
At the rear portion of the boiler 18 is a fire box 23, having a grate 24 and an ash
pan 25.
The ash pan will be practically air tight, and will be provided with the
ordinary doors operated in the usual manner for discharging ashes. The products of
combustion pass from the fire box between the water legs 26, and thence through
the flues 27 into the smoke box 28, and from this sinoke box into the smoke stack 29.
Surrounding the smoke stack 29, and spaced therefrom is a jacket 30, open at its
top within the cab 31, which is arranged at the front end of the engine, and the
space formed by this jacket communicates with an air heating chest 32, supported by
the forward trucks and extended longitudinally thereof. This communication is
provided through holes 33 formed in the foot-plate 34 and the top of the chest 32
(see Fig. 5). The rear end of the air heating chest 32 has a flexible connection 35
with a chamber 36 leading into the furnace or fire box below the grate. The exhaust
steam from the forward cylinders flows through pipes 37, which extend through the
sides of the heating chest 32 and communicate with the interior of a boxing 38, and
from the interior of this boxing 38 a number of steam tubes 39 extend longitudinally
through the chest 32 and pass outward through the upper wall of said chest, just
forward of the flexible connection 35. These several tubes discharge into a pipe 40,
which has a flexible connection 41 with a pipe 42, which leads into the rear end or
rear chamber of a feed water heater arranged on the top of the boiler.
The feed water heater comprises a shell 43 and steam exhaust pipes 44. These
steam exhaust pipes at their rear ends extend through a header 45, and at their
forward ends through a header 46. The pipe 42 will of course lead into the rear
chamber rearward of the header, so that the steam therefrom may pass through the
tubes 44 into the chamber at the forward end of the header. It may be here stated
that the locomotive will be entirely enclosed within a housing comprising side walls 47
and a roof 48.
The
Supported on the main frame over the rear trucks is a tender comprising coal
bunkers 49 and a water tank 50. The coal bunkers will be provided with suitable
covers 51, which prevent the entrance of snow, rain or the like, thus keeping the
coal or fuel in a dry condition, which will add materially to the combustion.
water tank 50 communicates with feed water tanks 52, and there is a space between
these feed water tanks 52 through which coal may be received from the coal
bunkers 49, the coal discharging through an opening 53. The fireman of course will
be located in the space between the furnace and the tender.
Arranged upon the roof 48 of the housing is a surface condenser, here shown as

page_text: consisting of a number of pipes 54, each one being extended downward at its forward
end through the roof of the housing and into the chamber forward of the forward
header of the feed water heater. The rear ends of these pipes communicate with the
interior of a chest 55, and from this chest 55 pipes 56 lead into the tanks 52. There
will be as many of these pipes 54 as will give the required surface for the
condensation of the exhaust or waste steam from the cylinders of the eugine. Their
diameters will be of the most suitable for a surface condenser having air as the
cooling medium. These tubes will be arranged in two, four or more tiers high, and
will have a slight downward slope to the rear so that the water will run into the box
or chest 55. The chest or box 55 will be provided with suitable safety valves 57, to
prevent the bursting of the condensing pipe by any over pressure of steam, and also
to prevent the water rushing up the other pipes 56 and thus flooding the condenser
when the steam is shut off, thus forming a vacuum in the condenser. Water is fed
into the feed water heater from the tank through a pipe 58, comprising a valve 59
and an ejector 60, receiving steam through the steam pipe 61, and water is discharged
by gravity from the feed water heater through a pipe 62 (Figure 6) into the boiler 18.
This pipe 62 has a valve 63, the stem of which is provided with a crank 64 from
which a rod 64* extends to a suitable place to come under the control of the
fireman.
Arranged in the smoke stack 29 forward of the smoke box is an induction fan 65,
the shaft of which extends through the smoke stack and jacket 30, and connects with
a suitable motor in a casing 66 within the cab 31. The several steam cylinders and
the piston stems will be enclosed in suitable casings 67 (Figure 5) so as to protect
them from cold air, snow and the like. These casings will be provided with doors
which may be opened when it is desired to oil the bearings.
Between the rear sets of cylinders is an air heating box 68, which may receive
atmospheric air through an opening 69 in the bottom wall of said boxing. The
exhaust from the rear cylinders flows through pipes 70, into a steam box 71-with
which one end of a series of steam pipes 72 communicates, the other end of said pipes
connecting with a steam box 73 in the lower part of the air heating box. From this
steam box 73 a pipe 74 leads to a connection with the pipe 42 leading to the feed
water heater. The laterally, extended portion of this pipe 74 will be provided with a
flexible connection 75 to receive the side thrusts of the engine. From the air heating
box 68, a pipe 76 leads outward around the fire box or furnace and communicates
with the chamber 36 which leads into the furnace; therefore it will be seen that the
exhaust steam from the rear set of cylinders will be utilized for heating the feed
water, and also utilized for heating air to be discharged through the fuel. The usual
brake shoes will be employed and connected to a brake rod 77, which is operated by
a piston operating in a cylinder 78, and controlled from the cab 31.
In operation, the air passing downward through the jacket 30 will enter the air
heating chest 32, where it will become heated by the exhaust steam passing through
the tubes 39. This air, as also the air from the box 68, will be drawn through the
burning fuel on the grate 24 by means of the fan 65. The products of combustion
will of course be drawn through the flues 27 by means of said fan 65, and forced
outward through the smoke stack 29. The feed water is heated by being raised by
the injector to the cylinder 43. This water will become heated by means of the
exhaust steam flowing through the tubes 44. The exhaust steam will then of
course pass up through the condenser pipes and in a condensed condition flow into
the water tanks.
The great difficulty of forcing hot water into the boiler with a pump or an injector
is obviated by my construction, that is, by placing the heater over the water level of
the boiler and having a communicating valve-controlled pipe between said heater and
the boiler. The operation is as follows: The heater being injected full from the
tank, is allowed to heat up to any temperature that can be attained by the length of
time between feeding the boiler at certain intervals, after which the injector is shut
off and the valve in the pipe communicating between the heater and boiler is opened.
The steam from the boiler will rush into the heater and thus equalize the pressure;

page_text: thereupon the water falls by its own weight into the boiler and can be regulated by
the opening and closing of the valve. When the desired amount of water is put into
the boiler the valve of the pipe 62 is to be closed and the heater again filled from the
tanks for subsequent use.
As an additional protection to the boiler. and feed water heater, I may provide
these elements with an asbestos covering 79, as indicated in the drawings. It is
obvious that a locomotive embodying my invention may be run for great distances
without stopping for coal or water; and further that by means of the housing, the
engine will be effectually protected from cold weather or snow, which would absorb
the heat, and therefore a great economy in running expenses is gained; and further
as the fuel is contained in bunkers directly over the water tanks, which are kept
heated, the said fuel will be warm and dry, and therefore beneficial for economic
steam raising.
In Figures 7, 8 and 9, I have shown a modification in the air and water heating
and condensing apparatus. In this example, the condenser consists of a series of
thin metal cylinders 80, arranged side by side, and in each cylinder are a number of
horizontally disposed air tubes 81, which at their front ends pass through a front
header 82, and at their rear ends through a rear header 83, and the tubes of the
several cylinders discharge into a receiving chamber 84.
-
Extended from the front header 82 and beyond the front ends of the tubes is a
flaring flange 85, designed to direct atmospheric air to the tubes. Arranged vertically
in the smoke box 28 is a series of air heating tubes 86, the upper ends of which
communicate with the chamber 87, which communicates with the chamber 84 through
a flue 88. The lower ends of the tubes 86 communicate with an air chest 89, which
extends along underneath the boiler and opens into the fire box below the grate.
Connecting with the hot air chest 89, at a point forward of the fire box, are pipes
or ducts which lead along the side of the fire box and communicate with the interior
thereof, above the grate, through perforations 91 in the fire door casing, and through
said fire door opening. The air may be more or less deflected to enter above and
below the grate bars by means of a damper 92, arranged to swing in the hot air chest,
and near its junction with the pipes 90, this damper has a crank 93 on its shaft, from
which an operating rod 94 extends to a convenient place for manipulation by a
fireman.
The steam passing through the tubes 44 discharges into a chamber 95, which has
pipe connections 96 with the several condenser cylinders. Each condenser cylinder
at its rear end is connected by a small pipe 97 with the cylinder 43 of the feed water
heater, and a pipe 98 leads from the feed water heater to an injector.
As in the first example of my improvement, a fan 65 is employed for an induced
draft.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A locomotive engine, comprising a main frame, forward and rear trucks
supporting said main frame, high and low pressure cylinders, a boiler and cab sup-
ported on said frame, a housing covering said boiler and in the forward portion of
which the cab is arranged, and a fuel and water tender mounted on said frame,
substantially as specified.
2. In a locomotive engine, a main frame, trucks supporting said frame, bearing
plates mounted on the trucks, bearing plates mounted on the frame and engaging
with the first named bearing plates, ball bearings between the plates, and a peripheral
flange extended from one of said plates and engaging around the other of said plates,
substantially as specified.
3. A locomotive engine, comprising a main frame, trucks on which said main frame
is mounted, steam cylinders mounted on each of said trucks, an air heating chest
adapted to receive atmospheric air, pipes leading through said chest and receiving
exhaust steam from the steam cylinders of one of the trucks, a flexible connection

page_text: between said air heating chest and the furnace or fire box, and a feed water heater
receiving exhaust steam from said pipes, substantially as specified.
4. In a locomotive, a main frame, front and rear trucks upon which said main frame
is mounted, high and low pressure cylinders carried by each of said trucks, an air
heating chest supported by the forward truck and receiving air through a jacket sur-
rounding the smoke stack, the said chest having connection with the furnace or fire
box, and steam tubes extended through said chest, the said tubes having connection
with the exhaust pipes of the forward cylinders, substantially as specified.
5. A locomotive engine, comprising a main frame, front and rear trucks on which
said main frame is mounted, high and low pressure cylinders carried by each of the
trucks, an air heating chest carried by the forward truck, an air heating box carried
by the rear truck, exhaust pipes in the air heating chest and receiving exhaust steam
from the forward cylinders, exhaust pipes in the air heating box and receiving steam
from the rear cylinders, and connections between said chest and box and the interior
of the fire box below the grate, substantially as specified.
6. In a locomotive engine, a main frame, a boiler mounted thereon, a fire box, flues
extended from the fire box through the boiler and communicating with a smoke box,
a smoke stack communicating with the smoke box, a fan in the smoke box, a motor.
for the fan, an air heating chest having communication with the fire box, and means
for heating the air in said chest from the exhaust steain, substantially as specified.
7. A locomotive engine, comprising a main frame, trucks upon which said main
frame is mounted, a boiler on the main frame, a fire box, an air heating chest having
connection with said fire box, exhaust steam pipes in said chest through which exhaust
steam passes for heating the air, a feed water heater above the boiler and receiving the
exhaust steam, and a condenser arranged above the feed water heater and receiving
steam therefrom, substantially as specified.
8. A locomotive engine, comprising a main frame, trucks upon which said main
frame is mounted, high and low pressure cylinders on each of the trucks, air heating
devices receiving steam from the cylinders, means for drawing the heated air through
the fire box, the said means also serving to force the products of combustion out of
the smoke stack, a feed water heater receiving the exhaust steam, and a condenser
receiving the exhaust steam from the feed water heater substantially as specified.
9. In a locomotive engine, a condenser comprising a number of independent exposed
pipes, and a receiving chest into which all of said pipes discharge, substantially as
specified.
10. In a locomotive engine, a condenser arranged above the boiler and comprising a
number of independent exposed pipes receiving exhaust steam from the feed water
heater, a chest into which all of said pipes discharge, and a pipe leading from said
chest into the water tank of the locomotive, substantially as specified.
11. In a locomotive engine, a condenser comprising a number of exposed pipes
receiving exhaust steam from a feed water heater, a chest into which all of said pipes
discharge, a pipe leading from said chest to the water tank of the locomotive, and a
safety valve on said chest, substantially as specified.
12: In a locomotive engine, a boiler, a feed water heater arranged above the
boiler, an injector for forcing water from the tank into the feed water heater, and a
valve-controlled pipe leading from the feed water heater into the boiler, substantially
as specified.
13. In a locomotive engine, a main frame, a boiler and fire box mounted on the
said main frame, a water and fuel tender also mounted on said main frame, and a
cover for said tender, substantially as specified.
14. In a locomotive engine, a main frame, front and rear trucks on which said
main frame is mounted, high and low pressure cylinders mounted on each of the
trucks, air heating pipes receiving exhaust steam from the front and rear cylinders,
means for drawing the heated air through the furnace of the locomotive, and a feed
water heater receiving exhaust steam from each of the sets of air heating pipes,
substantially as specified.
15. In a locomotive engine, a main frame, a housing mounted on said main frame,

page_text: a boiler on the main frame within the housing, a feed water heater above the boiler
and within the housing, and a condenser on the roof of the housing, substantially
as specified.
Dated this 31st day of December 1897
A. M. & WM. CLARK,
Chartered Patent Agents, 53, Chancery Lane, London.