Apparatus for Forcing, Spraying and Projecting Liquids.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Mar., 1898
ification Left, 27th Dec., 1898-Accepted, 18th Feb., 1899
25
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICA
aproved Apparatus for Forcing, Spraying and Projecting Liquids.
I, ARTHUR SHARPLES, of 61, Borough Road, Birkenhead, in the County of Chester,
umber, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to apparatus for forcing, spraying, and projecting liquids,
ore particularly applicable for watering and disinfecting plants, disinfecting
partments, railway trucks, and other places, and for extinguishing fire.
Apparatus according to my invention comprises a liquid container, an air pump,
delivery pipe, and a novel form of delivery nozzle.
In one form of my invention the liquid container is canister shaped, closed top
and bottom, and provided with a handle. In the top of the container is provided a
Within the filling
filling aperture which is closed in any suitable manner but preferably by a cap or
plug which is secured by a bayonet joint, the slots of which are inclined so that by
slightly turning the cap it closes in a water-tight manner.
aperture I prefer to arrange au air pipe so that when the aperture is held under a
faucit or water tap, the air in the container is permitted to escape. From the lower
part of the container I lead a liquid delivery pipe. which may pass through the
coutainer and emerge from the top thereof. To such delivery pipe is connected a
flexible hose, having a nozzle of novel form. On the top of the container is arranged
an air pump which is worked by a vertical rod and handle, the rod being of such a
length that when the container rests upon the ground the handle may be grasped
pushed into the pump
and worked by a person standing along side of the apparatus. Such rod may have
a projection which enters a bayonet joint when the rod
and turned, when it is desired to remove the apparatus to a fresh position. The rod
may be telescopic to suit persons of different heights. The container may have a
ledge or stirrup to accomodate the foot of the user.
By alternately lifting and lowering the pump handle the pump compresses air
into the container and so forces a volume of liquid through the delivery pipe, which
is projected in the form of a stream, or spray, or mist, by the novel form of nozzle
hereinafter described.
A delivery nozzle according to my invention is constructed somewhat similarly to
30 an ordinary plug cock. The delivery pipe terminates with an elbow pipe which is
screwed into or otherwise attached to a conical plug which is bored axially for
portion of its length, and then bored at right angles. Upon such plug is free t
rotate a conically bored sleeve which makes a tight fit with the plug and is secure
thereto by a Ľut and washer on the small end of the plug. Spaced around th
35 sleeve are perforations of different shapes and sizes. By turning the sleeve upo
the plug, by means of a milled rim, one or other of the perforations is brought ov
the bore of the plug so that a stream, spray, or mist is projected at will accordi
to the nature of the perforation. The perforations are spaced sufficiently far apa
that when the bore or port of the plug lies between two of them the nozzle forms
40 stop cock.
For the purpose of projecting a spray or mist the perforation in the sleeve co
channels arranged at an angle with each other and meeting

page_text: the periphery of the sleeve. Two or more small streams of water proceeding in
different directions thereby meet and form a spray.
Instead of employing the elbow pipe above referred to I may lead a pipe into the
hollow plug so that together they form a T, but in this case the sleeve must possess
a slot to accomodate such pipe, and its rotary movement and diversity of perfora-
tions are consequently limited.
In a modified arrangement of container and air pump the latter consists of a tube
which passes upward through the container from the bottom thereof to within a
short distance of the top. Within such tube, works a piston whose rod passes
through a guide at the bottom of the tube. The bottom of the pump rod is pro-
vided with a stirrup and the rod is of sufficient length to permit of the user's foot
standing in the stirrup whilst the container is held in the hand.
By standing on the stirrup and alternately lifting the container and allowing it to
gravitate or sink, the pump compresses air into the container and so forces a volume
of liquid through the delivery pipe.
A spring may be employed upon the pump rod to assist the upward movement of
the container, and in this case I may dispense with the stirrup and instead thereof
I point the end of the pump rod, the spring serving to extend the rod and to keep
it in contact with the ground.
The pump rod may have one or more rule joints so that it may be folded against
the container when not in use, and the container may have suitable projecting feet
or legs.
It will be seen that under ny invention are combined, an air pump and liquid
container in a compact form and which, standing at the side of the user are operated
by a direct up and down lift with very slight exertion on the part of the operator.
The position of the apparatus relative to the user enables the latter to exert a great
pressure upon the pump and to project a stream or spray of liquid to a great height
whilst the compression of air within the container serves to maintain a stream or
spray during a temporary cessation of pumping.
Dated this 20th day of March 1898.
Apparatus for Forcing, Spraying and Projecting Liquids.
I, ARTHUR SHARPLES, of 61, Borough Road, Birkenhead, in the County of Chester,
Plumber, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to apparatus for forcing spraying and projecting liquids,
more particularly applicable for watering and disinfecting plants, disinfecting
apartments, railway trucks, and other places, and for extinguishing fire.
Apparatus according to my invention comprises a liquid container, an air-pump,
a delivery pipe, and a novel form of delivery nozzle; and such apparatus is
illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein,―
Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, of a combined liquid container and
air-pump, Figure 2 being a plan thereof and Figure 3 a plan of the air-pump
plunger.
Figure 4 is a sectional elevation of a novel form of nozzle according to this

page_text: 5
vention, Figures 5 and 6 being side elevations thereof; and figures
e details thereof.
Figure 10 is a sectional elevation of another form of nozzle according to this
vention, Figures 11 and 12 being side elevations and Figures 13, 14 and 15 being
etails thereof.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a is a canister-shaped liquid container, standing
pon the feet a¹ and possessing a filling aperture in the top thereof, and a delivery
ipe b. Said pipe passes upward from the bottom of the container and through
he top thereof and has a provision for the reception of a pipe coupling. The inlet
perture c is closed by a plate c¹ which rests upon a packing ring & and possesses a
utterfly handle. Projections e on said handle enter slots f, which slots are slightly
nclined as shewn in Figure 1, so that by slightly turning the handle the plate c¹ is
forced tightly down upon the packing ring d. The filling aperture is thus very
simply and readily closed and opened. Disposed centrally within the container is
a tube which forms the cylinder of an air-pump. The tube g is secured in the
roof of the container in any suitable way, but preferably by screwing it therein, in
the manner illustrated in Figure 1, whereby the tube may be readily removed when
required. Within the tube works a plunger g¹ provided with a cup-leather and
mounted on the end of the rod g² which passes through the cap g³ and is provided
with a handle g. The lower end of the tube g is closed and is provided with an
air outlet valve g³. Air is drawn into the tube g through the air holes gº, by a
downward stroke of the plunger, which forces the air previously contained in the
In the upward stroke of the
tube through the valve into the container a.
plunger, air passes through the ports g in the pump plunger (Figure 3) and passes
the cup-leather, so providing another charge of air for the next down stroke of the
plunger. The user places the container on the ground at his side, and by working
the pump handle compresses air within the container 2, the pressure of which air
serving to eject the contents of the container through the delivery pipe b.
Upon the cap g³ are formed two catches having a rounded top, and over-
hanging ends. The function of these catches is to receive the pin h¹ (which passes
through the pump rod g2) when the rod is given a partial turn in its lower position.
By means of the catches and pin h¹ the pump rod g² can thus be locked in the
container, so as to form a handle whereby the container may be carried from place
to place.
The user need not therefore, stoop to lift the container, and the handle gt in its
lower position is at its most couvenient height for the user to carry in the hand.
It will be seen that the air-pump aud liquid container, arranged as above
described to stand at the side of the user, are operated by a direct up and down
notion with very slight exertion on the part of the user, that is to say, the position
0 of the apparatus relative to the user enables the latter to exert a great pressure
upon the pump and to project a stream or spray of liquid to a great height; whilst
the compression of air within the container serves to maintain the streain or spray
during a temporary cessation of pumping. The position of the air valve g ensures
that the liquid in the container will be well agitated by the air, which is of
45 advantage when disinfectants or liquid manures are being used.
The improved form of delivery nozzle illustrated in Sheet 2 of the drawings
has some semblance to an ordinary plug-cock. Referring to Figures 4 to 9, it
will be seen that the delivery pipe b¹ terminates with an elbow pipe, upon which is
formed a conical plug i which is bored axially for a portion of its length and ther
50 bored at right angles. Upon such plug is free to rotate a conically bored sleeve
which is accurately fitted to the plug i and is secured thereto by a nut and washe
on the small end of the plug. Spaced around the sleeve k are perforations o
different area, and of novel formation, whereby upon turning the sleeve k upon th
plug --by means of its milled rims --one or other of such perforations i
55 brought over the port of the plug i, so that a stream, spray, or mist is projecte
at will, according to the form of the perforation. The perforations are space

page_text: on
sufficiently far apart that when the port of the plug lies between two of them
the nozzle forms a stop cock. Figures 8 and 9, which are cross-sections
lines A, B, and C, D, (respectively) Figure 7, illustrate four forms of
perforation, 11, 12, 15, the first two of which are for projecting a thick and thin
stream respectively. For projecting a spray, the perforation is formed of two
channels, arranged at an angle and meeting in the metal of the sleeve, whereby the
two channels merge into a single channel before they reach the periphery of the
sleeve, and whereby a midfeather exists between the channels on the inner surface
of the sleeve. Two small streams of liquid proceeding in different directions
thereby meet and break one another into a finely comminuted form of spray. The
perforation 73 possesses smaller channels than those of the perforation 12, and is
for the purpose of projecting a very fine misty form of spray.
In Figures 10 to 12 the sleeve is arranged so that its perforations are brought
in line with the axis of the delivery pipe b¹, whereby the direction of the flow of
water is unchanged.
Figures 14 and 15 are cross-sections on lines A, B, and C, D, Figure 13,
respectively, and illustrate four forms of perforations 11, 12, 13, 1. The
perforation throws a plain stream, whilst the perforations 12, 13, 1, throw a
heavy, medium, and light spray or mist, respectively.
It will be understood that the sleeves may posses more or less than four varieties
of perforations, as desired.
One advantage attending the improved form of nozzle herein described is that
the different streams or sprays are produced by simply turning the sleeve, and
there are no separate devices liable to be mislaid. The nozzle may be held and the
sleeve turned by one hand, leaving the other hand free to work the pump or other
use.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In combination, a liquid container adapted to rest upon the ground at the side
of the user, an air-pump jimmersed in the contents of said container and operated
by a rod extending to the hand of the user, and means for locking said rod to the
container, whereby the rod serves as a pump for ejecting liquid from the container
and when locked to the latter-as a handle for transporting same from place to
place, substantially as described.
2. The disposition of the air pump g within the liquid container, and reaching to
the bottom thereof, whereby the air which is forced by the pump into the container
passos upward through its contents and agitates and mixes the latter, substantially
as described with reference to Sheet 1 of the drawings.
3. As a means of locking a pump rod to a liquid container whereby the rod may
form a handle for transporting the container, the catches adapted to engage a
pin ¹ in such rod, when the latter is given a partial turn, substantially as described
with reference to Sheet 1 of the drawings.
4. A liquid delivery nozzle comprising a hollow coned plug communicating
with a delivery pipe, a sleeve free to make a complete revolution thereon and
possessing perforations spaced apart and of different form, which may be brought
in line with a port in said plug by turning the sleeve, whereby the form in
which liquid is projected may be varied, substantially as described with reference
to Sheet 2 of the drawings.
5. In a liquid delivery nozzle, the particular form of spraying perforation or
orifice hereindescribed, the characteristic feature of which is the junction of two
channels of opposite direction within the metal of the sleeve, whereby the
two channels merge into a single channel before they reach the outer surface
of the sleeve and so that a mid-feather exists between the channels on the

page_text: inner surface of the sleeve, whereby the two streams of liquid passing through said
channels meet and break one another into a finely comminuted form, substantially
as described with reference to Sheet 2 of the drawings.
Dated this 24th day of December 1898.
J. A. COUBROUGH,
10, St. George's Crescent, Liverpool, Chartered Patent Agent,
Agent for the Applicant.