IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS AND CANDLESTICKS
Year: 1842

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
YOUNG, of Queen Street, in the City of London, Lamp Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twenty-eighth day of May, in the fifth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Young, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said William Young, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said William Young, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during
the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS AND CANDLESTICKS;" in
which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that I, the said William
Young, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in
Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent,
as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at
large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Young, do hereby declare that the nature of my said. Invention,

page_text: and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being
had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon (that is to say):-
--
The first part of my Invention relates to the construction of a lamp with
apparatus so arranged that an argand or ring burner is produced by combining
a series of wicks together in such manner as to have air pass up the interior
of the flame produced thereby.
Figure 1 represents the section of a reading lamp, constructed according to
this part of my Invention; Figure 2 shows a plan thereof; Figure 3, an ex-
ternal side view thereof; Figure 4 shows various views of the holder of the
wick; and Figure 5 shows various views of an apparatus used for regulating
the height of the wicks which are submitted to the flame. a is the standard
of the lamp, up and down which the oil vessel slides, and is made fast in any
desired position by the set screw at b. The shade c also slides up and down
the standard, and is made fast in any required position by means of the set
screw d, as is shewn in the Drawing; e is the oil vessel, which is supplied
with oil at f, there being a screw plug to close the opening at f, such screw_
plug having a hole through it for the passage of air to the oil vessel. The
oil flows from the vessel e into the vessel g, which also receives the wicks.
And I may here remark, that although I have shewn this first part of my
Invention applied to a reading lamp, it will be readily understood that the
improvements may be applied when constructing table or other lamps, the
only difference being in the arrangement of a suitable oil vessel e to supply
the vessel g.
On the upper part of the vessel g is formed a screw h, which
receives a screw ring i, which carries the gallery for the glass chimney, the
screw allowing of the gallery and chimney being readily raised or lowered
to regulate the position of the chimney. The gallery is carried by four
standards j, j, and the glass chimney, which I prefer to be of the shape
shewn, is retained securely on the gallery by the set screw k, as is shown;
1, 1, are a series of tubes for receiving the wicks, there being eight tubes shown
to the lamp in the Drawing, but the number may be varied, and as few as
two may be used, as is shown in various views at Figure 6 and Figure 7,
which shows various views of a holder for four wicks; but whatever be the
number there is the same peculiarity of arrangement for introducing air into
tho interior of the flame. And it may be observed in respect to this construction
of lamp, as well as in others herein described, where air is passed to the interior
of the flame by passing between the separate wicks, that the burner may be so
formed as to receive only one flat wick bent into a cylinder in passing through

page_text: the burner, there being a space left between the two sides of the wick between
which the air may pass into the interior of the flame. The holder of the wicks
is introduced into the upper part of the vessel g, the wicks having been first
introduced into the various tubes; the wicks used being either narrow flat
wicks according to the size of the tubes, or they may be cottons, such as are
used in common lamps. The holder rests on the stops g', g', in the vessel g,
as is shown; and it will be seen that between the tubes there is a space
through which the air can pass freely to the interior of the flame, the tubes
coming together at their upper ends from a ring burner; m is an apparatus
for regulating the quantity of the wicks which shall be exposed to the flame.
This apparatus consists of the ring m, which is supported by a frame or hoop
m'; this hoop being slit will allow of a slight degree of elastic play of the parts,
and thus hold securely around the upper part of the vessel g, and at any posi-
tion to which it may be raised or lowered, the tube m being carried by the stems:
m affixed to the hoop m; and there is a ring m³ also affixed to the stems m³,
the ring m³ coming on the outside of the wicks; thus the wick will be between
the short tube m and the ring m³; and according as these parts are raised
higher or brought down lower, so will be the quantity of the wicks which will
be above them, and consequently be submitted to the flame, and when the
tube m is at its highest positions, and the wicks are protruding through, the
wicks may be readily trimmed, and then the tube m lowered.
Figure 8 shows another arrangement of burner for a lamp where several
wicks are used in order to make a ring wick; and in place of the air
being supplied to the interior of the wick by passing between the tubes 1, the
air is introduced in the same manner as in ordinary argand lamps; in other
respects the lamp shown in section at Figure 8 is similar to that before
described. I would here remark, that I am aware that it is not new gene-.
rally to produce a ring of flame by a series of separate wicks, that having
been done before; this part of my Invention relating to the mode in which
the air gets into the interior of the flame, by passing between the separate.
parts of the wicks, as herein described.
Figure 9 shows a section of part of a table lamp, constructed according to my
Invention, the mode of obtaining air to the interior of the flame being similar
to that above described; but, in this case, the separate parts of the wick are
capable of being raised and lowered at one time, in place of raising each separate
part of the wick at one time, as is necessary in the lamps above described.
This lamp has also other variations, which I will shortly describe. This
Drawing shows the various principal parts of the lamps separately. n is the
tube for the wick holder, the upper part n¹ being moveable, and simply fixes.

page_text: on the upper part of the tube for the wick holder. The tube for the wick
holder is made suitable for containing three wicks, but may be made, according
to this part of my Invention, for receiving other numbers of wicks, and have
them raised and lowered in a similar manner; each wick passes through a flat
tube or enclosed space n external of the tube ǹ, and each space n² is slit, as is
shown at n³; o is a ring, which carries the wick holders, the wicks being drawn
through the holders o', which are affixed to the ring o, and the ring o has
projections o, by which the wick holder is raised and lowered, as hereafter
oxplained; the holders o' slide within the tubes n³, the ring o being external
of tubes n, n³, as is shewn in Figure 9, and the ring o with the holders o¹ is
raised and lowered by means of the tube p, which has spiral slits formed in it,
by means of which the projections 02, which are placed in the slits, may be
raised and lowered by simply turning the tube p; all which will readily be
understood on examining the Drawing now under description. 9 is a tube,
which is affixed within the oil vessel of the lamp, and is used simply to receive
and carry the parts above described; q¹ is a perforated plate, affixed to the
tube 9, the object of this plate being to support the ends of the wicks, and to
prevent them falling to the lowest part of the oil vessel, where any impurities
which
may separate from the oil will descend..
I will now describe the fourth part of my Invention, which relates to a mode
of raising the wicks or cylindrical cottons of argand lamps, which consists of
raising each wick perpendicularly between two tubes by a spiral action, without
permitting the cotton of a lamp turning between the two tubes up which it
slides. Figure 10 shows part of a section of an argand reading lamp, and
Figure 10 shows some of the parts reparately; this improvement may, how
ever, be applied to other than reading lamps. r is the wick holder, which
consists of a short tube, having two spring holders affixed thereto, such
spring holders having teeth or serated surfaces to penetrate into the cotton.
This tuber slides on the outside of the tube s, which has vertical slits formed]
therein, and the holder is introduced into the tube s from below upwards, so
that the pins which connect the springs with the tuber will pass up the slit in
the tube s, and the holder is caused to rise and fall by means of the tube t, which
has a spiral split formed therein, and passes outside of the tube s, the stud of
the holder being received into the spiral slit in the tube t; and it will be seen
that if that tube bé turned round, the wick holder and wick will be raised or
lowered, and without the wick turning between the two tubes up which it slides.
In applying a fresh wick the holder is to be raised, so that the spring holders
rcome above the tube s, when they will spring outwards; the wick is then
placed over the upper end of the tube s, and then, on the holder being caused

page_text: to descend, the holders
will be pressed against the wick and hold it secure,
so as to raise or lower it as the holders r¹, r¹, are raised and lowered by the
turning of the tube t; the tube t carries the gallery for the glass chimney, as
is shown. The apparatus above described is placed within the vessel u, which
is kept supplied with oil from the oil vessel of the lamp to which it is applied;
w is a tube up which air passes for the interior of the flame, but owing to the
use of the tube v the oil which overflows does not pass out of the lamp as
heretofore, but passes back into the vessel u, there being an opening or
openings in the tube v to allow the oil to flow to and from between that tube
and the tube w. The Drawing now under description shows some of the
principal parts separately as well as combined, by which means the construction
of such parts will be more readily understood; and it should be stated that
the tubes v and s are combined together at their lower ends, and they are
prevented turning around the tube w by a stop or projection v¹ affixed to the
tube v, which enters a groove in the projection w¹ on the tube w. I would
remark that, in place of the spiral action being applied to a separate tube t, as
just described, the spiral may be formd in the tube w, and the tube t dispensed
with. In this case the gallery will be affixed to the tube s, which will not
require slits for the studs of the holder ¹, but a slit for the pin will be
required in the tube for the passage of such pin into the spiral on the
tube w.
And in order to keep the tubes 8 and v correctly in their place,
projections are applied to the tube s, which projections rest against the
interior of the vessel u; by which arrangement, although the tubes 8 and v
will turn round, carrying with them the cotton between thom, the cotton will
not turn between the tubes s and v, but will slide up without turning; all
which is clearly shown in Figure 11 in section and plan, and the separate parts
at Figure 11.
I will now describe the fifth part of my Invention, which relate to lamps
for burning naptha or turpentine spirit. This part of my Invention is for the
most part similar to what has before been described under the first and second
parts of my improvements, whereby the air is introduced into the interior of
the flame, between the separate parts of which a ring of wicks is composed,
and the height of the wicks which is submitted to the flame is regulated by
an apparatus m, as before described; but, as it is important to prevent the
heat travelling downwards to the spirit contained in the lamp, certain additions
and variations are made in the present lamp which are not necessary in the
previous lamps. The parts of the present lamp which are similar to those
already described are marked with the same letters of reference, and the
description already given will apply to the lamp now under description.

page_text: Figure 12 is a section of a reading lamp constructed.according to this part of
my Invention; Figure 13 shows a plan, a section, a side view, and an under
side view of the burner separately; and Figure 13 shows a section and plan
of the apparatus m, shown separately. The wick is composed of two parts,
but more may be used if desired, (or only one under the circumstances before
mentioned). Figure 14 shows a section and under side view of the wood or
other material applied in the lamp to act as a non-conductor of heat; and
Figure 15 shows a cylindrical piece of wood or other suitable non-conducting
material, which is affixed within the lamp as is shown. The vessel g receives
the apparatus constituting the burner; the upper part of the vessel g being
enlarged to receive the cylinder of wood x, there being openings a¹ by which
air can pass into the vessel g. The upper part of the wood a receives the
lower part of the burner y, the tubes for the wicks passing through the
openings of the wood; by this arrangement very little heat will pass down-
wards. The external surface of the lower part of the burner at y¹ is formed
into a screw, on to which the circular hoop z, which by the uprights carries
the gallery of the glass chimney, screws, by which arrangement the gallery
can be raised or lowered to regulate its position. A is a coné affixed round
the tubes, down which the wicks are passed; the object of this cone is to
direct the air through the openings between the wick holders, so as to obtain
a sufficient supply of air to the interior of the flame. B is a cylinder of wood
affixed, as is shown, to the interior of the lamp; C is a cylinder of cotton wick
which is affixed over the external surface of the wood B, and hangs down into
the naptha or spirit in the vessel g, and conducts up the spirit to the wicks
D, D, those wicks being borne against the cotton C by the springs E; hence
the spirit rising up the cotton C will be carried up. by the cottons D to the
flame, and the height of the cotton submitted to the flame will be regulated by
the apparatus m. Figure 16 shows another arrangement of burner, where the
air, in place of being admitted to the interior of the flame by passing between
the separate wicks, is conducted up in the manner of an ordinary argand
burner. In this case the wicks D descend into the spirit in the vessel g, as is
shewn; the other parts of the lamp marked with the same letters of reference
are the same as those described in the previous Figures, and will not require
further description. Figure 17 shews another arrangement of spirit lamp,
varying in some particulars from those just described, but as the same letters
of reference are again used as are employed to denote the same parts in the
previous lamps, it will not be necessary to enter again at large into a descrip-
tion thereof. In this case the wicks D descend into the vessel which contains
the naptha or spirit used, and the air to supply the interior of the flame passes

page_text: 'between the wicks, as before explained; and it will be seen that there is a
button or cone on the interior of the burner, which can be raised or lowered
to regulate the manner in which the currents of air shall be deflected off' in
all directions outwards against the flame, the cone being raised and lowered by
means of a pinion which works the rack on the stem of the cone, the pinion
being on an axis which has a handle, not shewn, which can readily be turned
in either direction to raise or lower the cono. The gallery of this lamp is
raised and lowered on a screw formed at the lower part of the cylinder, which
contains the wood, as is shewn. Figuro 18 shews a gallery with a different
arrangement of glass chimney, and a metal deflector to cause the air to be
deflected across the flame; and I would here state that such deflecting instru-
ments, whether formed of metal or of glass, and whether perforated or not, may
be used in conjunction with these lamps as well as with those before described;
but they form no part of the present Invention. It will be seen that below
the gallery of the lamp shewn at Figure 17 there is a cylinder affixed, per-
forated with small holes; this is an advantageous mode of applying the air to
the flame.
I will now describe the sixth part of my Invention, which relates to modes
of constructing lamps for consuming tallow, an:l in these lamps two or more
wicks are used for forming a ring wick, and so arranged that the air for the
interior of the flame passes between the separate wicks, as before described
for other lamps. Figure 19 shows a table lamp constructed according to this
part of my Invention. F is a spring by which a cylinder of tallow, or it may
be a candle, is raised up to the burner as it is consumed, the upper part of the
spring being within the inverted tube G, as is shewn, the cylinder of tallow or
the candle resting on the closed end of the tube. His a bent plate which
slides within the external tube I, and it will be seen that there is a circular
plate II affixed at the lower end of the bont plate H, on which the lower end
of the spring rests. H2, H2, are four rods, one affixed to the interior of the
tube I, and the other three are affixed to the inner surface of the bent plate H;
the object of these rods is to cause the cylinder of tallow to move with as little
resistance as possible, which will be accomplished by having these rods as
shewn. On the upper end of the bent plate II is affixed the ring J, which has
a female screw formed therein, which screws on to the lower end of the cap.or
nozel K, the nature of which, and various other of the principal parts, will
readily be traced in the Eigure under description, aided by the separate views
of the parts shewn on the same Drawing. K' is a cylinder, into which the
tallow as it melts is received; K2 is a cylinder of wood, fixed within the
cylinder K, the upper end of the cylinder K having a series of lioles, as shewn,

page_text: through which the tallow, as it is melted by the heat of the flame,, flows into
the vessel K', the interior of the cylinder K being lined with wood. in order to
prevent heat getting to the sides of the candle or cylinder of tallow, in the lamp,
and there is a space for air between the vessel K' and the exterior of the tube
K, as is shewn. L is the burner for receiving the wicks, they being suitably
arranged for receiving three wicks; but burners on the same plan may be
made for holding other numbers of wicks. The burners L are carried by a
cylindrical tube M, which is perforated with small holes, so as to allow the air
to pass and cool the outer surface of the vessel K¹. N are the wick holders, one
to each wick; each of the wick holders is formed of a short flat bent tube, per-
forated with holes, as is shewn, and they are each affixed to the ring P, which
is placed horizontally within the vessel K', the projecting studs P¹ entering the
spiral slits formed in the tube Q, consequently the wick holders and wicks are
raised by turning the tube Q, such tube Q being within the vessel K', and is
turned by means of the ring Q, which is connected to the tube Q by means of
the bent stems Q, as is shewn. In using this lamp the vessel K should at
all times contain tallow, fat, or oil when the wicks are lighted, and should a
candle be in the lamp it will be understood that the wick of the candle is not
lighted, and, consequently, not consumed, and it is only the wicks of the burner
which are burned, the wick of the candle accumulating at the upper part of
the nozel or cap when the candle is consumed will retain any tallow which
does not flow into the vessel K', and it will be desirable when using a cylinder
of tallow without a wick to have a portion of sponge or loose cotton under the
lower end of the candle, to absorb any small quantity of tallow which may not
pass into the vessel K, as by such means the melted tallow will be prevented
running down into the stem of the lamp. It should be stated that the ring P
is prevented turning by the small stem P3 which is affixed in the vessel K', and
the ring P can rise up the stem Ps, when the wicks are required to be raised.
Figure 20 shews part of another table lamp, very similar in construction to
that last described, and is intended to burn tallow and fat. In this case a candle
or cylinder of tallow is to be used, as before, but the apparatus of the burner
is in some degree varied. The burner is made suitable for receiving four
wicks, but this number may be varied, the air for the. interior of the flame
passing as before between the wicks. K' is a vessel for containing tallow or
fat; R is a tube which enters this vessel, as is shewn, and it has spiral slits
formed therein for raising the wick holders, which are perforated flat tubes,.
which receive the ends of the wicks, and they have cach a stud which enters
into one of the spiral slits in the tube R; N is the burner, suitable for burning
four wicks, the uppor part, for convenience, separates from the lower part, as

page_text: will readily be understood by the Drawing, where different, views of the prin-
cipal parts are shewn separately, as well as in their places in Figure 20. The
tubes of the burner for receiving the wick are split, down which the wick
holders descend, the studs on the wick holders protruding through the slits
of the tubes, and the studs then enter their respective slits in the tube R,
and the wicks being in their places, the upper part of the burner is fixed in
its place, which closes the upper parts of the tubes; within which the wicks
are placed.
I will now describe the seventh part of my Invention, which relates to candle.
sticks, and to modes of supporting candles on a suitable surface applied to the
upper part of a candlestick without the candle being required to be inserted into
the socket of the candlestick, whereby the candle may be consumed to the end
when once set up, and varied sizes of candles may be set up at different times
in the same apparatus, owing to the peculiar mode of holding the candle,
Figure 21 shews a side view and plan of an apparatus for holding a candle. A
is a plate or surface on which the candle is placed, there being a spike in the
centre. On the under side of the plate A is affixed a cylinder B, suitable for
entering the socket of a candlestick; C, C, are two levers, which move on axes
at C, and their upper ends partly embrace the candle, as is shewn. D, D,
are screws which. pass through projecting standards from the plate A, and
through the lower ends of the levers C, C; hence the candle may be held fast
by the lever holders. Figure 22 shews another arrangement, where only one
lever is used, and the screw simply passes under it, as is shewn, Figure 23
shews a side view, Figure 24 a plan, and Figure 25 a plan of part of
another apparatus: for holding candles by a lever action, so that when the
candle has been set up it may burn completely out. This mode, as well as
the previous ones described, offers what may be called "save-alls," with lever
holders. In this arrangement, the levers G,, G, move on axes carried by the
frame or plate A, and the other end of each lever G is, by a connecting rod,
attached to the ring or hoop H, through which hoop a set screw. I is passed.
By this means the levers will allow of there being a larger or smaller candle
set up, according as the hoop or ring H is lower or higher up the cylinder on
which the plate A is fixed. The levers have small points the better to hold the
candle, and the levers retain fast hold by the set screw. Figure 26 shews
a side view of another arrangement of lever holder for candles. In this
case the levers J, J, move on axes carried by the plate A, and the lower
ends of the levers rest under a plate K, which has a screw formed on the
interior, which can be screwed up and down on the cylinder on which

page_text: the plate A is fixed, and hence hold a larger or smaller candle on the plate A.
Figure 27 shows a side view of another arrangement of candle holder
with levers. In this case set screws are passed through the lower ends of
the three levers L, L, (only two of which are shown in this or the previous
Figure,) and the set screws rest under the plate A, and according as the
candle set up on the plate A is larger or smaller, so will be the extent of
screwing up of the set screws through the levers. Figure 28 shows a side
view of another arrangement of lever holder, and Figure 29 shews plans of
the parts; in this case the levers M, M, being on axes carried by the plate A,
they pass through the ring N, and according as the ring N is higher or lower,
so will be the size of the candle, which may be securely held on the plate A.
And I would remark that I have shewn these variations of this part of my
Invention in order to state that the holding by lever holders may be varied so
long as the peculiar character be retained; the object of this part of my In-
vention being to dispense with putting candles into sockets, and thus allow of
the candles burning out as if on a "save-all," the lever holders not interfering
with the burning of the candles after the candles have burned below the points
of holding.
>
I will now describe the eighth part of my. Invention, which has for its object
precisely the same end as that last described; but the same result is obtained
without lever holders. Figures 30 and 31 show parts of two candlesticks; the
one is of the ordinary construction, with a socket, the other is so made as to
dispense with a socket. The candle is placed on a surface A, which should be
(as is also the case in the other apparatus above described) slightly concave, so
that the melted matter of which the candle may be composed may not run over.
Where there is a socket to the candlestick, then the plate on which the candle
is set up is affixed to a cylinder to fit into it; but where new candlesticks are
made, no socket need be formed, but a suitable surface to receive the candle
at the upper part, and then the candles may be held by lever holders, as above
described, or by holders such as I will now describe:-In Figure 30 there are
tivo standards O affixed to the plate A, having screws passing through their
upper ends, with a bent plate P attached to each, in such manner, however, as
to allow the screw to move round freely, and draw or force the bent plates to or
from the candle, the plates each having guide rods affixed, as is shewn in the
separate view, which slide and are guided by holes in the plates O'¹, affixed on
the standards O. In Figure 31 there are three standards used, there being a
screw through each standard, which passes into the candle, and adjusts the
candle perpendicularly.

page_text: And I would remark that, in the place of having means of adjustment through
the bent standards O, the part O' of each standard may be rendered wedge-
shaped, so as to penetrate the candle as it is forced down between the standards,
and thus various sizes of candles may be set up at different times in the same
candlestick, and yet burn completely out, the standards holding the candle till
the candle burns below the points of holding, and the surface A acting as a
"save-all," which constitutes the peculiarity of this part of my Invention.
Having thus described my improvements, I would have it understood that
I do not confine myself to the precise details shown, provided the peculiarity
of either part of my Invention be retained; but what I claim is,
.
First, the mode of constructing lamps whereby a series of wicks are used to
produce a ring of flame, and in such manner that the air passing into, the
interior of the flame passes between the wicks.
Secondly, I claim the application of the apparatus m, which being raised or
lowered governs the height of the series of wicks which shall be offered to the
flame.
3
Thirdly, I claim the mode of constructing and applying the wick holders
O, O', to lamps where separate wicks are used to produce a ring flame.
Fourthly, I claim the mode of raising a wick or cotton of an argand lamp
by a spiral action, so that the wick passes up vertically between two tubes
without the wick turning between those tubes.
Fifthly, I claim the mode of constructing spirit lamps, whereby a series of
wicks are used to produce a ring flame in each lamp, and in such manner that
the air to supply the interior of the flame passes between the separate wicks.
And I also claim the mode of applying the apparatus m, for regulating the
quantity of the wick which shall be presented to the flame. And I also claim
the mode of applying wood, or other non-conductor of heat, as a means of
preventing the conducting down of beat, as described in respect to Figures 12,
18, 14, 15, 16, and 17.
Sixthly, I claim the mode of applying burners to lamps for burning tallow,
whereby the air for the interior of the flame is passed between the separate
wicks. And I also claim the mode of supplying tallow to a vessel K', by
means of a candle or cylinder of tallow forced up towards the burner, as above
described.
Seventhly, I claim the mode of holding candles on candlesticks by means of
lever holders, as above described.
And eighthly, I claim the mode of holding candles on candlesticks so that
the candles may be securely held by standards, so that the candles may be

page_text: completely consumed, without having to be removed from sockets of candle-
sticks, and placed on "save-alls," as heretofore.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Young, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-two.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-eighth day of No-
vember, in the year of our Lord 1842, the aforesaid William Young came
before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the
Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and speci-
fied, in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-eighth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-two.

page_text: the Matter of a Patent granted to William Young, of Queen
Street, in the City of London, Lamp Maker, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-eighth day of May, One thousand eight

page_text: same reason, disclaim the following words of the sixth claiming clause:-" And
I also claim the mode of supplying tallow to a vessel K', by means of a
"candle or cylinder of tallow forced up towards the burner, as above described."
And I do, for the same reason, disclaim the seventh and eighth claiming
clauses, which are in the following words:-"Seventhly, I claim the mode of
holding candles on candlesticks by means of lever holders, as above described.
"And, eighthly, I claim the mode of holding candles on candlesticks so that
the candles may be securely held by standards, so that the candles may be
completely consumed without having to be removed from sockets of candle-
"sticks, and placed on save-alls, as heretofore." And I have retained the
description of such parts in order to assist in carrying out the other parts
of the said Invention. And, lastly, in order that the title of the Invention
may be proper for the Invention which will then remain in the Specifica-
tion, I, for that reason, do disclaim the words "and candlesticks" from the
said title.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Young, have hereunto set my
hand. and seal, this Nineteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-four.
t
To the Clerk of the Patents of England...
This is to certify that the above-named William Young, of Queen Street, in
the City of London, Lamp Maker, has applied to me for leave to enter with
you the above-written Disclaimer of part of the title & Specification of a
certain Invention, for which Letters Patent were granted to him under the
Great Seal of Great Britain, dated at Westminster, the Twenty-eighth day of
May 1842, and to which a Specification was duly enrolled. And having con-
sidered of the said application, and no objection having been made to the same,
I have accordingly granted leave to the said William Young to file his said
Disclaimer, pursuant to the Statute passed in the fifth & sixth years of the
reign of His late Majesty King William the Fourth, entituled "An Act to
amend the Law touching Letters Patent for Inventions."
FRED POLLOCK

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Nineteenth day of April, in the
year of our Lord 1844, the aforesaid William Young came before our said
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Disclaimer aforesaid,
and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above written.
And also the Disclaimer aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the
Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-ninth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-four.