An Improved Process of Dyeing for Producing Genuine Turkey Red and Rose Colour in Vegetable Yarns in Cops, Hanks, Carded Strips, and the like.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Dec., 1893-Accepted, 17th Feb., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Process of Dyeing for Producing Genuine Turkey Red
and Rose Colour in Vegetable Yarns in Cops, Hanks, Carded
Strips, and the like.
A communication by EWALD HÖLKEN & Co., The Rheinische Copsfärbereigesell-
schaft, of Barmen, in the Empire of Germany, Dyers.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of The Agency for
Foreign Patent Solicitors, 6 Lord Street, Liverpool and 6, Bank Street,
Manchester, both in the County of Lancaster and 323 High Holborn in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :--
This improved process of dyeing for producing genuine Turkey red and rose
colour in vegetable yarns of all kinds is characterised by its being applicable for
yarns in cops, hanks, carded strips and the like, and by the fibres being always not
merely dyed on their surfaces as is the case in the existing processes of Turkey red
dyeing but thoroughly dyed through.
The following is a description of this improved process-
The cops or banks of yarn are first oiled by a ten per cent. emulsion of Turkey
red oil being drawn or forced through them and are then freed from the superfluous
liquid and subsequently dried, and when dry or even whilst wet, are treated with
an aluminous mordant.
The aluminous mordant is composed as follows-
12.500 kilogrammes of sulphate of alumina,
1.500
وو
of calcined soda,
2.500 litres of acetic acid of 2° Beaumé,
6
100
"
of acetate of lime of 15° Beaumé,
of water
"
and is brought to a suitable degree for the desired shade of colour.
After the cops or hanks of yarn have been treated with the above described
mordant, they are exposed to the action of a solution of borate of soda, in order to
fix the mordant. The fixing of the mordant may take place equally well after the
hanks of yarn have been dried or whilst they are still in a wet condition.
The dyeing then takes place in a cold bath of alizarine in solution.
A
The dye bath is used at one of the effective degrees for mordanting, and during
the process of dyeing is maintained at a suitable excessive concentration by being
fed. After having been dyed, the hanks of yarn are freed by means of extraction
from the alizarine which has not formed lake by the action of the mordant and
which remains in solution, and the alizarine solvent is removed from the hanks of
yarn by treating them with suitable chemically composed substances (acidulated
water). They are then oiled and steamed under pressure for 1 to 2 hours.
clearing under pressure in a suitably strong soap bath follows the steaming. The
novelty of this process consists in the previously mordanted yarn hanks being dyed
in a cold solution of alizarine without exhausting the dye bath and in the
circumstance that by a suitable regulation of the degree of mordanting, the
mordanted fibres may be made to absorb from the bath and convert into lake
exactly the amount of alizarine which is necessary for producing the desired shade
of colour

page_text: The dyeing of the previously, mordanted coils or hanks of yarn requires a dye
solution which contains an excess of alizarine, that is to say more alizarine than
the mordant contained in the fibres can convert into lake.
In order to avoid any premature formation of lake taking place on the layers of
yarn which first come in contact with the dye solution to the prejudice of the lower
layers of yarn in the hank, such a concentrated solution is employed in this process
that, at the moment of the immersion of the hanks and the therewith coincident
suction of the dye solution through the same, all the layers of the hanks contain
such large quantities of alizarine that they can utilise the latter to the full extent
of the mordant contained, and yet leave a considerable quantity of alizarine
remaining in the solution. By the extraction and further utilisation of the alizarine
which remains in the solution and which has not been converted into lake, this
process affords the most rational method of utilising the dye material.
This process may be employed for all other dyes, belonging to the alizarine
group.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is-
An improved process for producing genuine Turkey red and rose colour on
vegetable yarns in cops, hanks, carded strips and the like consisting in dyeing the
coils of yarn in a cold solution of alizarine (after they have been oiled and
mordanted in the usual manner) then extracting and afterwards freeing them from
the solvent by means of suitable chemically composed substances and oiling them;
the complete development and fixing of the alizarine red or rose afterwards taking
place in the usual manner by treating the hanks, cops, etcetera, with superbeated
steam which process is finally followed by a clearing in a hot soap bath, substantially
as hereinbefore described.
Dated this 6th day of December 1893.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.