Apparatus
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Aug., 1886.
Complete Left, 4th Mar., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 19th Apr., 1887.
Apparatus therefor.
WO THOMAS SELLARS of 12 Weekday Cross Nottingham Accountant THOMAS
LOCKERBIE of 27 Martins Lane in the City of London Engineer and CHARLES
SIMPSON also of 27 Martins Lane Accountant do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows :-
To raise beer or other liquids by pneumatic pressure acting on the surface of the
bear or other liquid in the cask or vessel. To effect this we enclose the cask or vessel
containing the liquid to be raised in an air and water tight chamber capable of
withstanding the pressure required to raise such liquid to the desired hoight. The
chamber above referred to has a capacity about double that of the cask or vessel
containing the liquid to be raised. Into the annular space between the hood and the
cask or vessal which at the outset contains air at the normal pressure of the atmosphere
water is allowed to flow the pressure or head of such water being regulated according
to the height the liquid is desired to be raised, the imprisoned air acting as a cushion
between the water and the liquid. Suitable means are provided on the top of the hood
which forms part of the air tight chamber to admit of the pipe which conveys the
liquid under pressure falling, as the liquid is drawn off, it being desirable always to
draw from as near the surface of the liquid as possible. Means are also provided by
which the wood can be raised so as to admit of the empty cask or vessel being taken
from under and a full cask or vessel substituted, the hood being then lowered and
secured water is introduced as before described. Special apparatus is provided to
move the full cask or vessel into position under the hood so that the contents may be
disturbed as little as possible. The hood can also be made to travel over the cask or
vessel & lowered without altering the position of such cask or vessel. In some
instances we prefer to substitute an india rubber diaphragm rivetted to the bottom of
the hood instead of the iron plate which forms the bottom of the air tight chainber
above described, this india rubber diaphragm being fastened near the lower end of the
barrel or vessel in such a manner as to insure an air and water tight joint. In taking
water direct from town mains we use a reducing valve to regulate the pressure us
before described or the pressure may be regulated by a cistern placed a few feet
higher than the point from which the liquid is drawn.
THOMAS SELLARS.
THOMAS LOCKERBIE.
CHARLES SIMPSON.

page_text: Improvements in the Method of Raising Beer and other Liquids and
Apparatus therefor.
WO THOMAS SELLARS of 12 Weekday Cross Nottingham THOMAS LOCKERBIE of
27 Martins Lano and CHARLES SIMPSON Accountant also of 27 Martin's Lane
London E.C. do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
To raise beer or other liquids by pneumatic pressure acting on the surface of the
beer or other liquid in the cask or vessel.
To effect this we enclose the cask or vessel containing the liquid to he raised in an
air and water tight chamber capable of withstanding the pressure required to raise
such liquid to the desired height.
The chamber above referred to has a capacity about double that of the cask or
vessel containing the liquid to be raised. Into the annular space between the hood
and the cask or vessel which at the outset contains air at the normal pressure of the
atmosphere water is allow to flow, the pressure or head of such water being regulated
according to the height the liquid is desired to be raised the imprisoned air acting as
a cushion between the water and the liquid.
Suitable means are provided on the top of the hood which forms part of the air
tight chamber to admit of the pipe which conveys the liquid under pressure falling as
the liquid is drawn off, it being desirable always to draw from as near the surface of
the liquid as possible. Means are also provided by which the hood can be raised so as
to adinit of the empty cask or vessel being taken from under and a full cask or
vessel substituted, the hood being then lowered and secured water is introduced as
before described.
Special apparatus is provided to move the full cask or vessel into position under the
hood, so that the contents may be disturbed as little as possible.
The hood can also be made to travel over the cask or vessel and lowered without
altering the position of such cask or vessel.
In some instances we prefer to substitute an india rubber diaphragm rivetted to the
bottom of the hood instead of the iron plate which forms the bottom of the air tight
chamber above described, this india rubber diaphragm being fastened near the lower
end of the barrel or vessel in such a manner as to insure an air and water tight
joint.
In some instances we prefer to use an air tight chamber into which a cask or vessel
can be placed horizontally and to draw from the usual bunghole.
The air tight vessel in this instance would be jointed horizontally and hinged
on one side all the other appliances being somewhat similar to those previously
described.

page_text: The lower part of the air tight vessel may be sunk in the floor of the cellar and
where low pressure only is required may be formed of brick and coment or of
concrete, the joint frame being of cast or wrot iron securely bolted to the masonry or
concrete.
To prevent the compressing water from getting into the cask should a portion of the
imprisoned air escape accidentally or otherwise, the apparatus is fitted with a valve of
peculiar construction which prevents the water from entering the cask but this valve
forms no part of our present invention.
In taking water direct from town mains we use a reducing valve to regulate the
pressure as before described, or this pressure may be regulated by a cistern placed a
few feet higher than the point from which the liquid is drawn. And in order that
this invention may be better understood we will now proceed to describe it with
reference to two sheets of drawings hereunto annexed. The reference numbers where
repeated in the several figures refer to the same parts so numbered.
Figure 1 Sheet 1 is a section of one modification of the air tight chamber, A being
the lower portion which is fixed, and A' the hood or upper portion which is moveable.
The hood A¹ is counterbalanced by the two weights B. B. which enables the hood to
be raised with the minimum of exertion. The balancing cords or chains C. C. pass
over the pulleys D. D. which are mounted in the small bogie E. The bogie E
is constructed so as to travel along the rails F. F.
The hood A' and the lower portion A are jointed at G. G. the various forms of joint
and fastenings being shown at Figs. 2 & 3 Sheet 1 and Figs. 8 & 10 Sheet 2.
H. is
a cask or other vessel containing the liquid to be raised. I is a float attached to the
moveable tube K which is made to slide through the stuffing box L so that, as the
liquid (as in the case of beer) is drawn off the float & tube fall, the object being to
draw the liquid from the top as clear as possible.
K' is an outer tube into which the inner tube K slides and which also serves as a
guide when raising and lowering the Hood, the stuffing box L provents any escape
of air.
When the hood is down and jointed the space around the barrell M. M. is full of
air, and when it is required to raise the liquid, water at a regulated pressure is
adinitted through a suitable tap by a pipe fitted to the port N into the air space.
O. is a metal cylinder having prolonged lugs at the lower edge and notched on the
top edge. P. P. are two set screws (which may work through a stuffing box) used
to hold the cask or vessel down when it is empty and the air space full of water.
The pressure generated by the inflow of the water is conveyed to the vessel
containing the liquid through the notchos on the top edge of the metal cylinder O,
or it may be introduced through the check valve X shown on Fig. 9 Sheet 2.
Figs. 2 & 3 are a section and elevation respectively of one method of forming the
joint G. G. and holding down the upper part of the air chamber.
Qis a brass ring which is fastened to the lower part of the air compressor.
R is an India Rubber ring which is mado fast along with the brass ring. S is a
lug cast on the lower part of the air chamber, and S¹ is a corresponding lug cast on
the upper part of the air compressing chamber.
Fig. 4 is a plan of the bogie E and rails F.
Fig. 5 is an end elevation of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a plan of the hood A' showing a plan of the set screws and the stuffing
box and a cross section of the outer tube K and the inner tube K.
Fig. 7 is an elevation of the lower part of the air compressor A and part elevation
of the upper part A¹; the lugs S & S being similar to those shown on an enlarged
scale at figs. 2 & 3.
Fig. 8. Sheet 2 is a section showing another method of making the air & watertight
joint, T is a clamp which is fixed on the lugs V. V., and the wedge U being driven in
makes a tight joint.
Fig. 9. is an enlarged section of the brass cylinder O, showing the valve for
preventing water from entering the cask or vessel.

page_text: The Ball shown on the seat ✗ is made of any suitable material which will float.
The compressed air raises the ball slightly from the seat X allowing the air to enter
the cask freely, but should water rise as high in the compressing chamber the ball
will float to the upper seat X' stopping all communication with the cask. To enable
the compressed gases in the cask H to get back into the air space M. M. while the
water is being drawn off we fix a small valve Y, which opens outwards allowing a free
passage for the gasses to fill the space as the water is drawn away.
Fig. 10 shows another form of joint. Z is a bolt with a T head on the lower end
and a hinged joint at the upper end which is fixed to the hood A¹ at any convenient
point, the lugs V. V. have slots to receive the bolt, the lower lug being tapered so that
when the Thead is driven home the joint shall be absolutely air and water tight.
Fig. 11 is a cross section of a horizontal air compressor. The fastening lugs shown
are the same as those described at Fig. 8. W. W. are hinges to enable the upper
portion A to be moved into the position shown by the dotted lines. All the other
parts have been described with reference to fig. 1 Sheet 1 are similarly lettered.
Fig. 12 is an outside elevation of fig. 11 all the parts having been before described
are similarly lettered.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is
The enclosing of vessels containing liquids requiring to be raised to any desired
height in an air and water tight chamber substantially in the manner described and
delineated.