IMPROVEMENTS IN HARROWS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Howard of Bedford in the County of Bedford,
Agricultural Engineer, and Edward Tenney Bousfield of the same place'
Engineer for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN HARROWS,"
'
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Howard and Edward
Tenney Bousfield at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
29th November 1882.
JAMES HOWARD, of Bedford, in the County of. Bedford, Agricultural Engineer and
EDWARD TENNEY BOUSFIELD, of the same place, Engineer,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
HARROWS
"
Our invention relates to harrows and consists in a novel construction of parts of
the same as herein described.
In the Specification of our former Letters Patent dated June, 8th A.D. 1882,
N° 2699, we have described harrows in which the tines are made separately and
secured by various methods or devices to the frame of the implement, one of which
methods comprises the use of transverse bars with or without the aid of peculiarly
constructed clips or blocks.
Our present invention is designed to improve and simplify the construction of
the said barrows without sacrificing any of the advantages obtained by the mode,
of construction above referred to, and for this purpose instead of using separate
tines and cross bars or pieces formed as described in our said former specification.
We form the tines and cross bars in one piece and we, use these pieces consisting of
the combined tines and cross bars for the transverse connections of the longitudinal
bars either with or without the aforesaid peculiarly constructed blocks or clips.
In the manufacture of the said combined transverse bars and tines we take bars
of suitable dimensions and bend the part or parts to form the tine at right angles
to the part which is to serve as the transverse bar. The parts to form the tines
are suitably pointed at their extremities and holes are punched to receive the bolts
for securing the said combined bars and tines to the longitudinal bars of the harrow
frame

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Howard and Edward Tenney Bousfield in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 29th May 1883.
JAMES HOWARD, of Bedford in the County of Bedford, Agricultural Engineer, and
EDWARD TENNEY BOUSFIELD, of the same place, Engineer, " IMPROVEMENTS IN
HARROWS"
Our invention relates to harrows and consists in a novel construction of parts of
the same as herein described.
In the specification of our former letters patent dated June 8th A.D. 1882,
N° 2699, we have described harrows in which the tines are made separately and
secured by various methods or devices to the frame of the implement, one of which
methods comprises the use of transverse bars with or without the aid of peculiarly
constructed clips or blocks.
Our present invention is designed to improve and simplify the construction of the
said harrows without sacrificing any of the advantages obtained by the mode of
construction above referred to, and for this purpose, instead of using separate tines
and cross bars formed as described in our said former specification, we use what we
term combined transverse or cross bars and tines, that is to say, we combine a
transverse or cross bar and tine by making them in one piece, and we use the pieces
consisting of these combined bars and tines for the transverse connections of the
longitudinal bars, either with or without the aforesaid peculiarly constructed blocks
or clips.
Our said invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which,
Figure 1 is a plan or top view and
Figure 2 is an end elevation of a harrow shewing our improved combined
transverse bars and tines in connection with the said peculiarly constructed clips or
blocks.
Figure 3 is a side elevation of a portion of a harrow in which the combined
transverse bars and tines are connected to the longitudinal bars without the
intervention of the said clips or blocks.
Figure 4 is a transverse section on the line x, x Figure 3
Figure 5, is a side elevation and
Figure 6 an end elevation illustrating a modification of our harrow as hereinafter
described
Like letters indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawing.
A, A, are the longitudinal bars, B, C, are the combined cross bars and tines, D, D,
are the clips or blocks, B', B¹, are tines and C¹ C₁ are transverse bars which in some
instances are used in combination with our improved combined cross-bars and tines
as hereinafter described.
In the manufacture of the said combined transverse bars and tines we take iron
or steel bars of suitable dimensions and bend the same so that the part C to form
the tine is at right angles to the part B which is to serve as the transverse bar.
When the combined bars and tines have been thus shaped the tines C are suitably
pointed at their extremities and holes are punched to receive the bolts E for securing
the said combined bars and tines to the longitudinal bars A of the harrow
frame, with or without the said clips as shewn in the drawing and as above
specified.
We find it convenient in the construction of our improved harrows to use at one
end of each transverse row of tines a simple straight tine B¹ as shown in Figure 2.
When we use more than one of such tines in each or any of the transverse rows in

page_text: a harrow we prefer to use in combination with our improved combined bars and
tines, transverse bars such as that shewn at C¹, Figure 6.
In addition to its other advantages our invention affords very convenient means
for connecting beam to beam in harrows of any number of beams.
It is obvious that, when desirable, we may form a tine upon each end of a
transverse bar instead of upon one end only.
Having thus fully described our said invention and shewn how the same may
be conveniently and advantageously carried into practice, we wish it understood
that we Claim.
In the construction of a harrow, the employment of the combined transverse bars
and tines (with or without the blocks or clips) substantially as, and for the purposes,
specified.
In witness whereof I the said James Howard for myself and on behalf of
the said Edward Tenney Bousfield have hereunto set my hand and seal this
Twenty-sixth day of May in the year of Our Lord one thousand eight
hundred and eighty three.
JAMES HOWARD (L.S.)