An improvement in Coke Ovens.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Oct., 1899-Accepted, 4th Nov., 1899
An improvement in Coke Ovens.
I, GUSTAV HILGENSTOCK, of Bezirk 2, No. 32, Dahlhausen on the Ruhr, Ger-
many, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:.
When working coke ovens without recovery of the by-products, the gases
produced pass directly from the coking chambers into the heating flues in order
to be burnt therein.
As each coking chamber is closed with the exception of its communication
with the combustion flues, the following disadvantages arise in working.
When a hot coking chamber after having had its contents discharged, is
again filled, a violent evolution of gases is at once produced and the large volumes
of combustible gases will be prevented from combining with the requisite
amount of air in the flues, all the more so as the draught regulating dampers
are set at a medium position, and the pressure of the gases operates against
the entrance of the air into the flues. In consequence hereof a large proportion
of the combustible gases escape into the main chimney flue without being
burnt, while in the heating flues of the freshly filled coking chamber only a
comparatively small amount of heat will be generated, so that the temperature
decreases visibly.
The temperature only rises again when the gas production has moderated
so as to allow of the entrance of sufficient air, and gradually increases to a
inaximum as the proper proportions of gas and air supply are reached. As
the coking process progresses, the production of gas decreases and consequently
an increasing excess of air supply occurs in the heating flues up to the end
of the coking process.
The excess of combustible gases that pass off into the chimney flue at the
commencement of the coking process in a certain coking chamber as described
meets the said excess of air coming from the flues of the other coking chambers
so that a useless strong combustion takes place in the chimney flue. The dis-
advantages of the present system therefore consist, on the one hand in this
useless development of heat in the main chimney flue, and the proportionate
deprivation of heat in the flues of the coking chambers, and on the other hand
the combustion process in these flues and consequently also the coking process
is defective in consequence of excess of combustible gas at one time and of
excess of air at another time.
According to the present invention these disadvantages are obviated in a
simple manner by establishing communications between the gas spaces of the
contiguous coking chambers by forming channels either in the partition walls
of the flues or in the roof of the coke oven.
These connections can of course be variously arranged; on the accompanying
drawings Figs. 1 to 4 shew by way of example two such arrangements. In the
one arrangement shewn at Figs. 1 and 2, Fig. 1 shews a vertical section on
line 5-6 Fig. 2. and Fig. 2 shews a section on line 7–8 Fig. 1.

page_text: In the second arrangement shewn at Figs. 3 and 4 Fig. 3 shews a vertical
section on line 9-10 Fig. 4, which shews a section on line 11-12 Fig. 3.
In the arrangement at Figs. 1 and 2, the communication is established both
by channels a in the roof and by channels a¹; the size of the channels is made
such that a perfect equalisation of the gas pressure shall be maintained at all
times.
The action will be readily understood; it is based on the establishment of a
uniform gas pressure throughout the coking chambers which insures a regular
combustion in the flues. It is not necessary to close the said openings when
manipulating the coking chambers. The completion of the coking process is
effected in one third less time than with the ordinary construction.
The direct connection of the gas spaces of contiguous coking chambers can
also be employed with advantage with coke ovens in which by-products are
produced.
In such cases the communication may be advantageously effected by communi-
cating pipes that are provided with closing devices, as shewn at Figs. 3 and 4.
The advantage of this application to coke ovens with productions of by-products
consists in obviating the necessity of admitting heating gases from the flues
into the coking chambers towards the end of the coking process, which gases
pollute the gas produced and destroy the by-products.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is: :-
Coke ovens wherein a direct communication is established between each coking
chamber and the two contiguous ones by means of channels through which the
gaseous products of distillation can pass directly from the one chamber to the
other without being brought in contact with air or combustible gases; substan-
tially as described.
Dated this 2nd day of Actobox 1000
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