Improvements in and Additions to Water Closets.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Apr., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 28th Dec., 1893-Accepted, 3rd Feb., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and Additions to Water Closets.
I, THOMAS WILLIAM TWYFORD, of Cliffe Vale Pottery Hanley in the County
of Stafford, Manufacturing Sanitary Potter, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
-
This invention has relation to seat-action water closets, that is, to water closets
the flushing mechanism of which is put into initial action by the act of sitting upon
the seat, whilst the operation of flushing is performed by the act of leaving the
seat.
My invention has for one of its objects a simple and more efficient means for
putting into action and operating the said flushing mechanism and has for another
of its objects the concealment hocding over and protection of the seat action
movements so that nearly the whole of the mechanism employed in connection with
the closet is hidden from view or is so concealed hooded over and protected that
the same cannot be accidentally or maliciously tampered or interfered with or put
out of order.
In carrying out my invention in connection with a pedestal water closet such as
a closet of the well known " Unitas" or "Deluge" type I provide or fit over the
mouth entrance to the basin, and elevated at some distance from the rim thereof, an
inwardly jointed seat, with the usual hole through its middle and with its boundary
edges overhanging the walls of the closet.
The seat is hinged at the rear part to a fixed shelf or bracket in such a manner
that in its normal position the fore part of the seat is slightly elevated above a
horizontal plane.
•
Coming and working upon the under surface of the two opposite sides of the seat
at or near the edges thereof are two pusher rods or links preferably but not
necessarily mounted at their upper extremities with rubber faced or other rollers
and having their lower extremities jointedly connected with the outer ends of the two
branches of a bifurcated rock lever each of which branches is at a point a little
distance behind the pushing rod jointedly connected with and works upon an upright
bracket or bearing fixed in or carried by the cast iron or other bed base or founda-
tion upon which the pedestal closet rests. The branches of the bifurcated or
forked short arm of the lever are of sufficient span to comprehend portions of the
interior base parts of the closet so as to make the necessary connection with the
lower ends of the pusher rods coming upon the under side of the seat as aforesaid.
The supporting brackets of the lever lie within the chambered bottom of the
closet or are disposed if necessary clear of the back of it, whilst the long arm of the.
lever is jointedly connected with a vertical rod whose upper end is connected with
the lever of a syphon or other cistern elevated a considerable distance above the
back of the seat of the closet.
Оп
It is understood that a sufficient clearance is left between the under-side of the
seat and the rim of the basin of the closet for the proper working of the seat.
use the weight of a person sitting down upon the seat .depresses the same into a
horizontal position which forces the pusher rods downwards, tilts the rock lever
by depressing the branched arms of the same and raising the outer and longer arm
which then lifts the vertical communicating rod and puts into a working position the
lever of the cistern. The weight of the person on the seat retains the whole of the
working parts in the positions as: aforesaid but immediately the said
person
then the movements or mechanism return to their normal positions by the counter-
poise action of the rock lever that is to say the long arm of the lever is depressed,
rises

page_text: the vertical rod pulled downwards, and the lever of the syphon or other cistern set
to work and thus the closet is automatically flushed.
The pusher rods acted on by the seat work within holes guides or grooves made
within the walls of the closet or pedestal whilst the other portions of the mechanism
except the longer arm of the acting lever and the vertical communicating rod work
within chambered recesses cavities or nooks formed within the bottom or within
the bottom and sides of the pedestal of the said closet and by this. means the
mechanism or movements employed for operating the syphon-flusher are concealed
hooded over or protected.
By employing hidden movements or by confining the movements within recesses
guides passages nooks or chambers or all or both of them in the pedestal the
mechanism is prevented from being either accidentally or maliciously put out of
order tampered or interfered with.
•
I wish it to be understood that these mechanical movements may be employed
with closets either in connection with or without the said chambered construction
of the closet. and with ordinary as well as with pedestal closets and that my.said
chambered closet may be used with seat action movements or with any other
suitable movements or mechanism for flushing.
1. 'Instead of making the guides or passages for taking the movements out of the
walls of the closet I may employ an added casting or jacket for concealing. or
covering up the parts of the movements as aforesaid.
Dated this 4th day of Anril 1893.
"
"
.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and Additions to Water Closets.
I, THOMAS WILLIAM TWYFORD, of Cliffe Vale Pottery, Hanley, in the...
County of Stafford, Manufacturing Sanitary Potter, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly 3
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-.
This invention has relation to seat-action water closets, that is, to water closets
the flushing mechanism of which is put into initial action by the act of sitting upon
the seat whilst the operation of flushing is performed consequent upon a person
leaving the seat.
:i
My invention has for one of its objects a simple and more efficient means, for
putting into action and operating the said flushing mechanism and has for another
of its objects the concealment hooding over and protection of the seat action
movements so that nearly the whole of the mechanism employed in connection with
the closet is hidden from view or is so concealed hooded over and protected. that
the same cannot be accidentally or maliciously tampered' or interfered with, or put
out of order.
In carrying out my invention in connection with a pedestal water closet such as..
a closet of the well known "Unitas" or "Deluge" type I provide or fit over the
mouth entrance to the basin, and elevated at some distance from the rim thereofran
inwardly jointed seat, with the usual hole through its middle and with its boundary
edges overhanging the walls of the closet.
The seat is hinged at the rear part to a fixed shelf or bracket in such a manner
that in its normal position the fore part of the seat is slightly elevated aboxe a
horizontal plane.
:
Coming and working upon the under surface of the two opposite sides of the seat

page_text: at or near the edges thereof are two pusher rods which may be fitted at their upper
extremities with rubber faced or other rollers, and having their lower extremities
jointedly connected with the outer ends of the two branches of a bifurcated rock
lever each of which pushing branches is at a point a little distance behind the rod
jointedly connected brackets or bearings. The branches of the bifurcated or
forked short arm of the lever are of sufficient span to comprehend portions of the.
interior base parts of the closet so as to make the necessary connection with the
lower ends of the pusher rods coming upon the under side of the seat as aforesaid.
The supporting brackets of the lever lie within the chambered bottom of the
closet or are disposed if necessary clear of the back of it, whilst the long arm of
the lever is jointedly connected with a vertical rod whose upper end is connected
with the lever of a syphon or other cistern elevated' a considerable distance above
the back of the seat of the closet.
It is understood that a sufficient clearance is left between the underside of the
seat and the rim of the basin of the closet for the proper working of the seat.
.
On use the weight of a person sitting down upon the seat depresses the same
into a horizontal position which forces the pusher rods downwards, tilts the rock
lever by depressing the branched arms of the same and raising. the outer and
longer arm which then lifts the vertical communicating rod and puts into. a
working position the lever of the cistern. The weight of the person on the seat
retains the whole of the working parts in the positions as aforesaid but immediately
the said person rises then the movements or mechanism return to. their normal
positions by the counterpoise action of the rock lever that is to say the long arm
of the lever is depressed, the vertical rod pulled downwards and the lever. of the
syphon or other cistern set to work and thus the closet is automatically. flushed.
The pusher rods acted on by the seat work within holes, guides or grooves made
through or within the walls of the closet or pedestal whilst the other portions of
the mechanism, except the longer arm of the acting lever and the vertical
communicating rod, are located within chambered recesses cavities or nooks formed
within the bottom or within the bottom and sides of the pedestal of the said closet,
and by this means the mechanism or movements employed for operating the syphon
flusher are concealed, hooded over or protected.
By employing hidden movements or by confining the movements within recesses,
nooks or chambers in the pedestal the mechanism is prevented from being either
accidentally or maliciously put out of order or tampered or interfered with.
I wish it to be understood that these mechanical movements may be employed
with closets either in connection with or without the said chambered construction
of the closet and with ordinary as well as with pedestal closets and that my said
chambered closet may be used with seat action movements or with any other
suitable movements or mechanism for flushing.
Instead of making the guides or passages for taking the movements out of the
walls of the closet I may employ an added casting or jacket for concealing or
covering up the parts of the movements as aforesaid.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing represents partly in vertical section and
partly in elevation a hidden movement seat-action water closet made and provided
with improvements according to one form of my invention. The lower part of the
said figure represents the water closet and its seat-action movements, whilst the
upper part represents the cistern which is operated by the counterpoised movements
on a person rising from the seat.
Figure 2 represents a transverse vertical section of the said closet on the dotted
lines A B Figure 1 looking upwards and showing how the whole of the movements
lie covered up or concealed from view by forming as it were a chamber or chambers
within the walls of the closet.
Figure 3 represents a side elevation of the closet with the jacket part or outer
walls of the closet broken away, in order to show the cavity or space lying between
it and the outer walls of the pan, and how the branches of the forked lever are
suspended and supported from brackets carried from the inside of the said jacket,

page_text: plates c. The after end of the rocking lever is jointedly connected by a pin c™,
the lower end d', of a cistern operating rod d.
, to
It will be seen that the seat action mechanism is located upon the outside of an
existing pedestal closet and is hooded or covered up by placing the added jacket
from the front both over the said mechanism and the closet.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
First. In seat-action water closets, fitting or providing the same with supple-
mentary outer walls or jackets for hooding over or concealing from view the
seat-action mechanism for operating the cistern, substantially as described and set
forth.
Secondly. In seat-action water closets, forming or combining in one piece with
the pedestal, pan or basin parts of the same, supplementary outer walls or jackets
separated from the said parts by intervening chambers or spaces wherein the seat-
action mechanism for operating the cistern is located and by which walls or jackets
the said mechanism is screened or hidden from view; substantially as described
and set forth in Figures 1, 2 and 3.
Thirdly. In seat-action pedestal or self-contained water closets, fitting or
providing the same with supplementary or added, and outer walls open at back,
substantially as and for the purpose as described and set forth in Figures 4
and 5.
Fourthly. In seat-action mechanism for water closets, the general construction,
arrangement and combination of the parts substantially as described and set forth
in Figures 1, 2 and 3.
Fifthly. In seat-action mechanism for water closets, the general construction,
arrangement and combination of the parts, substantially as described and set forth
in Figures 4 and 5.
Sixthly. The improvements in seat-action water closets, and the general con-
struction, arrangement and combination of the parte as a whole substantially as and
for the purpose described and set forth in the several figures of the drawings.
Dated this 27th day of December 1893.
THOMAS WILLIAM TWYFORD,
By Henry Skerrett,
6, Livery Street, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.