IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SHEARING IRON AND OTHER METALS
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Eastwood, of Derby, Engineer, and Samuel
Lloyd, junior, Engineer, of Wednesbury, Staffordshire, for the Invention
M
11
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Eastwood and
Samuel Lloyd at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 9th September 1857.
We, JAMES EASTWOOD, of Derby, Engineer, and SAMUEL LLOYD, junior,
Engineer, of Wednesbury, Staffordshire, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SHEARING IRON AND OTHER
METALS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention is intended to apply chiefly to the cutting up of old iron and
iron bars, without being heated, into short lengths, by means of machinery
constructed as hereafter explained.
Upon a suitable bed plate or foundation we fix a stout upright or block, to
which we attach a stationary shear or blade. The travelling shear is fitted on
the end of a piston rod made to perform the forward and cutting stroke by
steam or water in a steam or hydraulic cylinder, while the piston is brought
back by the pressure of the steam or water behind it being removed, and by
weights connected by chains to a crosshead on the piston rod. By properly
adjusting the power a crooked bar, after having been cut, may be straightened
by the machine.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Eastwood and Samuel Lloyd in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 9th March 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
EASTWOOD, of Derby, Engineer, and SAMUEL LLOYD, junior, Engineer, of
Wednesbury, Staffordshire, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us
the said James Eastwood and Samuel Lloyd, Her special licence that we,
the said James Eastwood and Samuel Lloyd, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said James Eastwood and Samuel
Lloyd, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SHEARING IRON AND OTHER METALS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said James Eastwood and Samuel Lloyd, or
one of us, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
our, or their, or one of our or their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said James Eastwood and Samuel Lloyd,
da hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings
annexed, that is to say:―
Our Invention is intended to apply chiefly to the cutting up of old iron and
iron bars, without being heated, into short lengths, by means of machinery
constructed as herein-after explained, and is an improvement upon and further
carrying out of an Invention for which Letters Patent were granted for
England to Charles May, the 15th day of April 1846.
Upon a suitable bed plate or foundation we fix a short upright or block, to
which we attach a stationary shear or blade. The travelling shear is fitted on

page_text: the end of a piston or piston rod made to perform the forward and cutting
stroke by steam or water in a steam or hydraulic cylinder, while the piston is
brought back on the pressure of the steam or water behind it being removed
by weights connected by chains to a crosshead on or connected to the piston
or piston rod. By properly adjusting the power a crooked bar after having
been cut may be straightened by the machine.
In order that our Invention may be fully understood we have annexed here-
unto a Sheet of Drawings representing the most convenient method of carrying
it into effect with which we are acquainted.
Figure 1 is a side elevation, Figure 2 a plan, and Figure 3 an end view of
the machine, which is arranged to be worked by hydraulic power; A is a
reservoir for water, upon which is placed the pump B, which is driven by the
endless strap C, leading from a pulley or any suitable motive shaft. The
pump B forces water from the reservoir A through the pipe D into the
cylinder E, within which is fitted the piston F. This piston is prolonged
through the guide block G, and carries at its extremity the blade or shear H,
which moves up to the fixed blade or shear I; J is a bar of metal placed
between the moveable and fixed shears, so that it may be severed by them on
the advance of the piston; K is a cross bar connected to the piston and having
attached to each end of it a chain L, which passes over a pulley M, and
supports at its lower extremity the end of a second cross bar, to the middle of
which is connected the weight N; O is a frame or base upon which the
cylinder, shears, &c., are supported. The action of the apparatus is as
follows: The cylinder being empty, and the moveable knife withdrawn, the
bar of iron to be cut is placed between the shears or blades; the strap C is
then placed upon the fast pulley, whereby the pump is put in action and water
forced through the pipe D into the cylinder E. The piston is thus forced
forward and with it the moveable shear or blade which severs the iron into
two. The strap C is then shifted to the loose pulley, and the weight N draws
back the piston, thus forcing the water from the cylinder E and withdrawing
the moveable shear or blade. The bar of iron is then moved, or a fresh
bar placed between the shears or blades, and the process before described
repeated.
By dispensing with the pump B connecting the pipe D with a steam boiler
and admitting steam instead of water to the cylinder E, the same results may
be obtained; or the pipe D may be connected with a head of water.
By making the hydraulic or steam apparatus double-acting and suitably
arranging shears or blades, the machine may evidently be made to cut when
the piston moves in either direction.

page_text: We are aware that machines for shearing metals have before been operated
by steam and by water, and we do not therefore claim generally the employ-
ment of these for the purpose; nor do we claim the employment of pumps for
forcing water into such machines, as these have likewise been used with that
object; but what we do claim is the construction of machinery for shearing
iron and other metals substantially in the manner herein-before described and
represented in the Drawings hereunto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Lloyd, junior, on behalf of
myself and the said James Eastwood, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Sixth day of March, One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-eight.
SAMUEL LLOYD, JUNIOR. (L.S.)