CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING AND REGULATING POWER
Year: 1838

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
BATE, of Werrington, in the County of Northampton, Esquire, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twenty-seventh day of January, in the first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Bate, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said William Bate, my exors, admňors, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said William Bate, my exors, adiñors, or assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING AND
REGULATING POWER;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that
I, the said William Bate, shall cause a particular description of the nature
of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully
and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Bate, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and the

page_text: manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to
the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon
(that is to say):-
It is calculated to be fixed on a horse-mill shaft by means of an upright
shaft. On the iron plate, at the top and centre of the horse mill, fix a square
frame made by two pieces of planking five inches thick and two feet two
inches square when laid together, having a square of cleven inches cut out of
the middle of them when laid together, and have a strong band of iron put
round the ends of them. When so prepared fix this frame down on the
iron plate of the horse whical, and fasten it by strong iron pins to the iron
plates which hold the shafts of the horse wheel, the pin holes having been
enlarged to one inch and a half wide. Having so provided, prepare a shaft of
deal, thirty-six feet long and eleven inches square, or any proper length to
raise and allow the frames afterwards described to work above any building or
place; fix it perpendicularly in the square hole above the centre of the horse
wheel. In place of cutting away any of the upright shaft make a round
bearing between the bearings, I prefer adding hard wood on the sides of the
square there, well screwed on to make a round bearing, which may be covered
with an iron hoop to save friction. The upright shaft being erected and
stayed in any manner above securely, raise two other blocks of wood two feet
two inches square, and five inches thick, and fit them about the upright shaft
at bottom, as before directed, reversing the grains of the wood, and above
them two others; but in place of bands they may be fastened down with four
strong pins towards the corners, and fixed with a screw bolt at bottom through
the first put on. In the above directions we have provided for an upright
shaft A, say, eleven inches square, and thirty-six feet long, being fixed perpendi-
cularly on the top, and at the centre of a common horse-wheel mill, which may
be done in any situation at the end or side of a building, or through the roof of
a building, or in any other convenient manner or place, as circumstances may
appear desirable, my chief object in the above being to point out that a per-
pendicular shaft is to be fixed by which the power is to be communicated to
machinery at or towards the bottom of it. At two feet from the top of the
perpendicular shaft widen out eighteen inches deep, with hard wood, two of
the opposite sides of the shaft six inches wide on each side (so as to give more
purchase for the cross shaft B to turn the upright shaft A), and pin them on
by two strong pins running through them, and through the upright shaft
between them, as described on the plan at a. The pins have heads at one end
and screw nuts at the other. Also, eighteen inches lower down, block out the

page_text: contrary sides of the upright shaft in the same manner. At b, make a pin
hole for a two-inch pin through the upright shaft in the middle between the
hard wood just described. At the point of intersection c, by two lines drawn
from the corners of the hard wood across the deal shafts, make the two-inch
pin hole, above described, through the deal shaft between both the two pair of
blocks, as shown at c. Provide the iron pin referred to two inches thick and
twenty-eight inches long, including two inches for the head, and three inches
of screw for the end, to carry a strong nut. Provide an eleven-inch deal,
twenty-one feet long, and in the middle, on the edge of it, fasten, with a screw
bolt, a piece of oak three feet long, three inches thick, and four inches deep.
I use deals because they are more convenient to lift and raise than large
timber. Provide also a second twenty-one feet deal, furnished in the same
manner at the edge of the deals, and through the oak bore holes to receive a
two-inch pin. The two deals thus provided with one of the pins at the top of
the shaft, through the hole provided, two feet nine inches from the top, and let
them be between the pin head and the shaft. Fix also two other twenty-one feet
deals, furnished in the same manner, on the screw end of the same pin between
the nut and the upright shaft, and let the oak part be at the bottom, so that the
deals, when screwed tight to the upright shaft, may rest on the pin. The screw
being tightened they will be held in their places. Have two shackles of one-
and-a-quarter-inch iron to put one over each end of the two deals. They may
then be moved at the ends higher or lower, while resting on the pin. The
nut being loosened, fix the deals resting on the pin at top by traces shouldered
between the deals, and to rest in an iron staple at each side driven in the side
of the upright shaft about three feet below the pin. The braces are held in
their places by a wide wedge or block of wood, and which braces may be
removed. When there is occasion to lower either end of the cross or top
shaft made of the twenty-one feet deals, lower the ends of the four deals
towards a scaffolding, if one is required, and put up, five feet between the
opening between the four deals, at their ends, three eleven-inch deals C,
twenty-one feet long, fasten them edgewise with the shackles fourteen inches
wide, and made of half-inch iron. The extra width of the shackles are
required that some three-inch wedges may be packed on the edge of the deals
between them and the shackles shown at d in the Drawing, so as to raise the.
extremity of the deals, to counteract the distance they would otherwise drop
by being bent on account of their weight. They will also want two wedges
one-and-a-half inch wide, or slats of wood, to fill up the space at the end of
the deals nearest the upright shaft, that the three deals and the two on each

page_text: side, or altogether the seven, may be screwed tight together by the shackle
over them nearest the upright shaft. The upright shaft being wider than the
three deals edgewise, a shackle of one-and-a-half-inch iron will be required
towards cach of the ends of the deals, and about four feet four inches from
cach other, at shown at e, c.
The shackles to be fourteen inches wide, as
before mentioned, that wedges may be put between them and the edges of the
deals, so that the ends of the three deals furthest from the upright shaft may
be raised level to the place the weight of them has or would have caused them
to bend. By the strength of five or six men, and a rope fastened at the
opposite or short end of the cross or shaft, the contrary ends of the four deals,
which are screwed on the upright shaft and braced to it, may be turned round
to the roof of the building to fix three other deals at that other end in the
same manner above described, which having done, fix a shackle in the middle
of the three deals; you have then the upright shaft provided, as shown in
the Drawing. On one of the three deals, at the extremity of the shaft thus
made, fix a three-sided iron to carry a pin two inches thick. Let it be made
of bar iron five inches wide and seven eighths of an inch thick; let it be
made of the shape shewn in the Plan at f, Fig. 1, 2, & 3, and let the end
be cleven inches wide within, and the two ends be sixteen inches long. The
smith should allow a piece a little longer to make them out of, that the full
strength may be retained at the corners; make it rectangular or square at the
corners. At two inches and a half from the ends make holes to receive for
the iron pin g to turn in and on. The brasses should be made in the shape of
the socket of a candlestick, but thicker, as half an inch thick, as shewn in the
Plan at h. The two brasses being put in the three-sided iron, it will be of
the shape edgewise, as in the Plan at To strengthen this three-sided
iron, let there be, three inches from the end within side of it which is
connected by the cleven-inch side, an iron, as shown in the Plan at i, one inch
thick, put through the two opposite sides ready for it to be slided on an eleven-
inch deal. In the same manner, close by the side of the brasses fix another
pin, as shewn in the Plan at j. Fill out the space, excepting the threo
inches, by a block of hard wood, making the pin holes through the wood, for
the two pins above-mentioned, to strengthen the iron frame. Slide the iron
so provided with the three-inch space left at the end on one of the three deals
at the outside of them, n few inches on the furthest end from the shaft, and
fix it there by a one-and-a-quarter-inch shackle put at the ends of the deals
without side of it. This shuckle should be made long enough to fix a wedge,
as circumstances may require, upwards or downwards, between the end of the

page_text: three-sided iron and the deal at the back of it, so as further to provide against
the weight which will be hung on the three-sided iron. Provide the contrary
end of the shaft with a similar iron fixed in the same manner. Having done
which, have a right-angled iron, as shewn in the Plan at g, made with a pin
two inches diameter, thirteen inches long, and an inch more for a screw at the
end, or altogether fourteen inches long; and let the pin be rivetted in the end
of another iron two feet long at right angles to it, and three inches wide at the
flattened end of it, and half an inch thick there, making it at the turn for
some distance as strong as the pin. Let there be three bolt holes at the
flattened part for five-cighths-inch bolts, as shewn in the Plan at K, K,
Fig. 2. Fix this iron on a piece of oak planking nine feet long, eight inches
wide, and two and a half inches thick by five-eighths-inch bolts with nuts.
Fasten the above iron at the end of the oak plank, so that the round iron
may project four inches beyond it, and fix it so across the oak that the end
of the oak furthest from the iron may be raised two feet beyond the line at a
right angle with the pin, as shewn in the Drawing at m, Fig. 1. The above
pin is to be fixed in the brasses of the three-sided iron, and is to have a
frame of canvass or other material fixed on it as about to be described. The
pin is fixed in the said position to make allowance for the twisting of the
deals. Make a frame twenty-one fect long by eight feet wide, by splitting
the thick ends of the largest deal poles, and by connecting them by two cross
bars, one bar a few feet distance from each of the two ends. Fix the last-
described piece of oak at right angles from side to side in the middle of the
frames by shackles, for which I have used two pieces of inch iron bent at
the ends to clasp the poles, and have connected them by a strap of iron
having a hole through each end of it, through which they are held by nuts,
while the hooks hold the poles, as shewn in the Drawings at n. Fix the
frame by its round iron pin in the brass holes of the three-sided iron described
in the Plan. Cloth the frame with canvass or other material, and the other
end of the shaft being similarly provided on the proper or similar side, and
also another shaft similarly made with the one described of deal poles, and
fixed with a pin, &c., as before, on the contrary sides of the upright shaft,
about eighteen inches below the first-mentioned, and being similarly provided
with the canvass frames, &c., by exposure to the wind the power required is
obtained according to the dimensions of the machine. The power is regulated
by suspending on the split deal poles, frames of canvass or other material
weighted at the bottom (in place of clothing the split deal poles with canvass)
according to the power required, which canvass frames give way to the wind
at bottom according to the weight fixed to the canvass frame hereafter

page_text: described; for instance, to that part under the oak plank, one, two, or three
frames of canvass, twelve feet long and five feet wide, nay be suspended by
hanging them by the sides to that part of the frame on both sides under the
oak plank, as marked at p, p, and by fastening them by a hook, or hook
and chain link, to a ring held by a staple in the split deal poles on each side
of the frame at a distance below cach other. Let the staple have a screw
nut on the contrary side of the split deal poles to hold it safe; regulate it by
fastening any weight, as a half stone or a stone weight, to the bottom side of
the canvass frame. An ash or other pole fastened along the bottom of the
frame may be suitable for the weight, with the thickest end in a line under
the pin. Let a bent piece of wood, as willow, with a spring in it, be fastened
with two wood screws on that part of the shaft which is mado with three deals
as near perpendicular as required by the position the split deal poles strike
it for the split deal poles to strike against at the projecting bend, to prevent
the pin being broken by the sudden shake of the wind acting on the sails will
give it, as shown in the Plan at r. A frame of canvass or two may be fixed
at the proper distance, in the same manner, above the oak plank; but I
recommend, to save the weight at the top of the split deal poles, that a frame
of canvass should be drawn over the top part above the oak plank by a line,
rollers being fixed for the line on the split deal poles to pull the cloth up by,
and to fix it on the poles, provided they are not clothed more than to afford,
in a strong wind, the power required; or another strong cross bar may be fixed
at top, for the purpose of holding the lines on the rollers to be fixed there.
The additional power may be regulated by the weight on the cloth frames
suspended below the oak plank, and by the number and size of them. If the
shafts are lengthened out a few feet more by single deals fastened at the ends
of the shafts, another frame of canvass may be fixed at the end in the same
manner, also lighter frames again at the end. The power is therefore regu-
lated by the last-inentioned canvass frames being suspended on the upright
split deal poles, and by their giving way to the
wind at time affords beyond the power required.
described, by acting on the cloths, and giving a circular motion to the upright
shaft on the horse wheel. It may be stopped by a brake wheel on the upright
shaft in an ordinary manner.
excess of strength which the
It is also obtained, as above
In witness whereof, I, the William Bate, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight.
WILLIAM (L.S.) BATE.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-seventh day of July, in
the year of our Lord 1888, the aforesaid William Bate came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twenty-seventh day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight.