IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM HEATING APPARATUS "
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Hart, of No. 52, Queen Victoria Street, in the
City of London, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM HEATING
APPARATUS "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Hart at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st August 1880.
16
FREDERICK HART, of No. 52, Queen Victoria Street, in the City of London.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM HEATING APPARATUS."
To form a coil or assemblage of tubes to be supplied internally with steam for
giving off heat to rooms or the interior of other buildings I use, as has commonly
heretofore been the case, a number of tubes of equal length placed parallel with one
another, and all at both their ends connected with hollow chambers, to which steam
is admitted.
Each steam chamber I form of a plate cast hollow to permit of steam being
passed into it, and also with a number of tubes or nipples projecting from one of
its faces, each of such tubes or nipples communicating with the hollow space of the
plate.
Two such plates are set up at a distance apart and parallel with one another, and
with the faces from which the nipples project towards one another. Around each
short tube or nipple I place a tapering ring of vulcanized india rubber, the thicker
end of the ring being against the plate and the thinner end towards the outer end
of the nipples. The tubes which are to be coupled up to these nipples are
sufficiently large in diameter to pass over them, and are bevelled off at the ends
internally. The hollow plates having been set up at a distance apart as above
mentioned, the tubes which are to pass from one to the other are put into place;
their internally chamfered or bevelled ends being placed on to opposite nipples
on the two plates. When all the tubes have thus been set up parallel with one
another and passing from one plate to the other, the two plates are drawn together by
long bolts passed through both of them and through some of the tubes; the bevelled
ends of the tubes are thereby forced against the sides of the vulcanized india rubber
rings, and as the rings at their base are of larger diameter than the tubes the
extremities of the tubes press into and somewhat bury themselves into the outer
Poins G21

page_text: sides of the rings. Perfectly steam tight joints are thus quickly and cheaply
made.
Provision is made for supplying steam to the top of one of the hollow end plates
and for drawing off condensed water from the bottom of one of the plates. The
steam in the steam supply pipe can be utilized for heating water for washing and
other such like purposes.
For this purpose I place on the water supply pipe a valve which can be lifted
by the water supply pressure and allow water to pass when any one or other of
any taps there may be on the supply pipe beyond the valve is opened.
Provision is also made for screwing down and closing this valve when desired.
On to the outlet passage from the valve is fixed a small hollow chamber, from
which is an outlet at right angles to the inlet passage. Passing into the chamber
from the side opposite to its outlet is a short nozzle with a coned end; the end of
the nozzle just enters the outlet passage, a small annular passage being left
between the nozzle and the sides of the outlet.
The opposite end of the nozzle has a screw thread cut upon it externally, and it
screws into a corresponding internal screw thread in a short tube which stands
out from the hollow chamber on the opposite side to the outlet.
The extremity of the short tube is closed by a screw plug. If this plug is
removed the nozzle can be screwed further into the tube or screwed back within it,
so that the pointed end of the nozzle may be set to enter more or less into the outlet
pipe from its chamber, and so enlarge or decrease the area of the aunular space
between it and the sides of the outlet. Branching out from the side of the short
tube is a branch pipe, which is coupled up with a valve on the steam supply. This
valve, like the water valve, opens with the pressure of steam, but can be held down
and prevented from opening if it is desired to shut off the steam.
When any one or other of the draw off water supply taps is opened steam from
the steam pipe rushes through the nozzle above mentioned, and as it escapes from
the nozzle draws along with it water through the annular space around the nozzle ;
the steam coming in contact with the cold water is condensed by it, whilst at the
same time the water is heated and flows off through whichever draw off cock is
opened. The extent to which it is heated can be regulated by causing the end of the
steam nozzle to enter more or less into the outlet from the chamber above mentioned,
and so increase or diminish the area of the annular space between it and the sides
of the outlet, thereby controlling the amount of water which the steam can carry
along with it from the chamber. If little water is allowed to pass it will be
delivered at a high temperature, whilst with a freer flow for the water the
temperature will be lowered.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Frederick Hart in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th February
1881.
FREDERICK HART, of No. 52, Queen Victoria Street, in the City of London.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM HEATING APPARATUS."
To form a coil or assemblage of tubes to be supplied internally with steam for
giving off heat to rooms or the interior of other buildings I use, as has commonly
heretofore been the case, a number of tubes of equal length, placed parallel with
one another, and all at both their ends connected with hollow chambers, to which
steam is admitted.
Each steam chamber I form of a plate cast hollow to permit of steam being
passed into it, and also with a number of tubes or nipples projecting from one of
its faces, each of such tubes or Dipples communicating with the hollow space of the
plate.
Two such plates are set up at a distance apart and parallel with one another,
and with the faces from which the nipples project towards one another. Around
each short tube or nipple I place a tapering ring of vulcanized india rubber, the
thicker end of the ring being against the plate and the thinner end towards the
outer end of the nipples. The tubes, which are to be coupled up to these nipples,
are sufficiently large in diameter to pass over them, and are bevelled off at the ends
internally. The hollow plates having been set up at a distance apart as above
mentioned, the tubes which are to pass from one to the other are put into place,
their internally chamfered or bevilled ends being placed on to opposite nipples on
the two plates. When all the tubes have thus been set up parallel with one
another and passing from one plate to the other, the two plates are drawn together
by long bolts passed through both of them and through some of the tubes; the
bevilled ends of the tubes are thereby forced against the sides of the vulcanized
india rubber rings, and as the rings at their base are of larger diameter than the
tubes the extremities of the tubes press into and somewhat bury themselves into
the outer sides of the rings. Perfectly steam tight joints are thus quickly and
cheaply made.
Provision is made for supplying steam to the top of one of the hollow end plates
and for drawing off condensed water from the bottom of one of the plates. The
steam in the steam supply pipe can be utilized for heating water for washing and
other such like purposes.
For this purpose I place on the water supply pipe a valve which can be lifted
by the water supply pressure and allow water to pass when any one or other of
any taps there may be on the supply pipe beyond the valve is opened.
Provision is also made for screwing down and closing this valve when desired.
On to the outlet passage from the valve is fixed a small hollow chamber, from
which is an outlet at right angles to the inlet passage. Passing into the chamber
from the side opposite to its outlet is a short nozzle with a coned end; the end of
the nozzle just enters the outlet passage, a small annular passage being left between
the nozzle and the sides of the outlet.
The opposite end of the nozzle has a screw thread cut upon it externally, and it
screws into a corresponding internal screw thread in a short tube which stands out
from the hollow chamber on the opposite side to the outlet.
The extremity of the short tube is closed by a screw plug. If this plug is
removed the nozzle can be screwed further into tlie tube or screwed back within it,
so that the pointed end of the nozzle may be set to enter more or less into the outlet
pipe from its chamber, and so enlarge or decrease the area of the annular space

page_text: Figure 1 shows a side elevation partly in section of an assemblage of steam tubes
constructed in the manner above described; Figure 2 shows full size a section of
the end of one of the tubes and the portion of the hollow end plate to which it is
connected; Figure 3 shows an elevation of part of the hollow end plate with one of
the nipples projecting from it.
In these Figures A. are the tubes bevelled off internally at each end; B are the
hollow end plates with nipples projecting from one of their faces; D, Figure 2,
is a tapering ring of vulcanized india rubber placed around each nipple; E are tie
rods passed through both end plates B and through some of the tubes; F are nuts
screwed on to the ends of the tie rods to force the end plates towards one another
and so cause the ends of the tubes A to press into the clastic rings D, and form
tight joints. Provision is made for supplying steam to the top of one of the end
plates, and also for drawing off condensed water from the bottom of one of the
plates in the ordinary manner.
Figure 4 shows a side elevation partly in section of an apparatus constructed in
the manner above described for heating water by steam at the time when it is
drawn off for use.
A is the water supply pipe; B is a valve, which can be lifted by the water
supply pressure; C is a screw spindle which can, when desired, be screwed down-
wards, so that its end may be brought down on to the top of the valve and made
to hold the valve down on to its seat; D is a hollow chamber secured to the outlet
from the valve B; E is an outlet from the hollow chamber leading to any desired
number of draw off taps F; G is a short tube standing out from the hollow
chamber on the opposite side to the outlet E; H is a short nozzle with a cone point;
on the rear end of this nozzle is a slight enlargement having a screw thread cut
around it which screws into a corresponding screw thread in the interior of the
tube G; notches are cut across the rear end of the nozzle to allow of the nozzle
being turned by a key or driver to set the point of the nozzle more or less into the
coned entrance of the outlet E, as shown; G₁ is a screw plug by which the outer
end of the tube G is closed; I is a branch pipe standing out from the side of the
tube G; this branch pipe is coupled up with a valve K on a steam supply pipe L.
The valve is similar to the valve B on the water supply pipe; it opens with the
steam pressure, but can be held down and kept closed by a screw spindle C' if it is
desired to shut off the steam.
If, when any one or other of the draw off taps F is opened, and both of the valves
on the water and steam supply pipes are free to lift, steam will, as above explained, be-

page_text: projected from the nozzle H into the outlet passage E, and will draw water along
with it from the water supply pipe; the steam so brought into contact with the
water is condensed, and the water is heated and flows off heated to any required
extent through whichever draw off cock is opened.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of performing
the same, I would have it understood that I claim,-
First. The means, substantially as herein before described, for forming tight
joints between the ends of a row or assemblage of tubes and two hollow end plates
or steam chambers.
Second. The combination of apparatus, substantially as herein before described,
for heating water as it is drawn off from a water supply pipe.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Hart, have hereunto set my band
and seal, this Twenty eighth day of February, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
F. HART. (L.S.)