Year: 1885

page_text: been srocessful, a Patent has not

page_text: Lignung Kanway Carriages and
I, CORNELIUS SMITH, of 10 Church Road, De Beauvoir Town, N. do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for, and means of, lighting
railway carriages, tramcars, and other similar vehicles by electricity and has for
its object the placing of the means within the control of the guard or person in
charge, by which the surplus, or otherwise waste, power can be directly utilised
from the axle of the vehicle for the purpose of generating the required current of
electricity, and that irrespective of the direction in which the vehicle may be
travelling.
In its smaller form, as designed for use in vehicles drawn by horses, the
apparatus, hereinafter fully described, by which the continuity of motion of the
armature of the dynamo is maintained is driven from the axle direct by a belt or
other suitable means, while in the larger and more powerful form as designed for
use where a number of lights are required as in a railway train, the said apparatus
for preserving the continuity of motion of the armature is driven through and by
the aid of an intermediate mechanical appliance, hereinafter fully described, by
means of which the whole system of parts can be thrown into or out of gear
at will.
In carrying out this invention, the dynamo, in the case of a tramcar, or other
similar vehicle, is caused to pass its current into a secondary battery only at such
times as the car is running with few passengers on it, or when running down an
incline. A suitable automatic cut-out placed in the circuit prevents any return of
current from the secondary battery when the speed of the armature and con-
sequently the electro-motive force of the generator falls below the determined
degree, while a suitably placed switch under the control of the conductor or person
in charge allows the circuit to be completed or broken as required.
When employed for lighting the carriages of a railway train the system of parts
hereinafter described, and shown in the annexed sheets of drawings, is used.
In this case the dynamo may pass the whole of its current into secondary
batteries as in the case of the tramcar, or it may pass its current direct to the
lamps, a secondary battery placed in a shunt circuit receiving a proportionate part
of the current sufficient to maintain the lamps during such periods as the train is
at a standstill, an automatic cut-out, in either case being placed in the circuit and
breaking it when the speed of the armature becomes too low to be effective.
Having thus set forth the object and nature of this my invention I will now
proceed to more particularly describe the manner in which the same is to be
carried into effect by reference to the annexed sheets of drawings.
Fig. 1, sheets 1, shows, in elevation, a general arrangement of my invention as
applied to the lighting of a railway train.
Fig. 2, is a plan of the apparatus used for throwing the system of parts, by
which motion is transmitted to the armature of the dynamo, into or out of gear,

page_text: while Fig. 3 is an elevation, on an enlarged scale, of the means employed for
lifting and lowering the apparatus shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4, sheet 2, is a plan, partly in section, of the arrangement used for keeping
the main and intermediate driving belts in a proper state of tension; Figs. 5 and 6
show respectively in plau and end elevation the mechanism employed for main-
taining continuity of motion of the armature of the dynamo, Fig. 7 represents the
screwed spindle by which the continuity of motion is in a great measure secured;
while Fig. 8 is an enlarged sectional elevation of the combined bearing and oil cup
in which the various spindles run.
Referring now to the various figures it will be seen that a two part drum, or
pulley, C bolted and keyed onto the axle B of the carriage wheel A transmits
motion to the, preferably rubber tyred, wheel D, which, in turn transmits its
motion to the wheel E and pulley F (Fig. 2) each keyed onto the same spindle.
This latter by means of the belt f causes the rotation of the drum G (Fig. 4) keyed
together with the drum H on one common spindle. This latter drum, H, by means
of the belt, h, imparts motion to the pulley I (Fig. 5). Assuming the pulley I to
be rotating in the direction indicated by the arrow on it, it will ride on its screwed
spindle, shown separately in Fig. 7, and engaging the cam-like teeth a, a, cause the
toothed wheel J to rotate in the same direction. This toothed wheel J engaging
with the similarly toothed wheel K (Fig. 6) causes the wheel L and spindle M, on
which it is rigidly mounted, and with it the pulley N to revolve in the same
direction as the pulley I. If now the direction of rotation of the pulley I be
reversed it will ride on its screwed spindle in the opposite direction and by causing
the cam-like teeth b, b, to engage, will cause the toothed wheel O to transmit its
motion direct to the toothed wheel P, keyed on the spindle M, thus ensuring con-
tinuity of motion of the pulley N in the direction shown by the arrow on it, and
as the power is transmitted from the pulley N by the belt n to the armature of the
dynamo Q (Fig. 1) it follows that the armature can only rotate in the one constant
direction, regardless of the direction in which the vehicle, and with it the wheel A
may be running, and this holds good also in those cases in which the power is
transmitted direct from the axle B to the pulley I, as in a tramcar or other similar
vehicle. The screwed spindle, Fig. 7, consists of the spindle proper 1, on an
enlarged part of which the screw thread 2 is cut, and of the two collars 3, 3,
secured in place, after having been screwed home, by the set screws, 4, 4.
The stretching of the belts is compensated for, laterally, by the spiral springs d
(Fig. 4) which constantly tend to increase the distance between the pulley F and
drum G; and vertically by the adjustable leaf spring e (Fig. 1) whose tendency is
to separate the drum H and pulley I.
Provision is made for taking up any wear of the wheel D, by means of the
adjustable bearings i, i, (Figs. 1 and 2) and by making this wheel broader on the
face than either the drum C or the wheel E a sufficient extent of surface is always
in contact even when going round severe curves. The wheel D is thrown into or
out of gear with the drum C by means shown partly in Fig. 1, and, partly, in
Fig. 3. The vertical rod or shaft R is provided at its upper end with a feather
piece which prevents its rotation within the column S, and thus on turning the
handle T, whose spindle, suitably threaded, engages in a screw cut within the upper
end of the shaft, it is lifted or depressed as required..
Should the amount of pressure put upon the swivelling block U by the spiral
springs c, c, and so through the side frames g, g, upon the wheel D be insufficient
to maintain the required adhesion between it and the drum C then the rod R
may be depressed until the shoulders k, k, coming in contact with the top of
the guide tube V causes its depression and with it the further depression of the
swivelling block U, side frames g, g, and wheel D to any desired extent.
The lower end of the rod R may be secured to the swivelling block U by a large
washer and nut as shown in the annexed drawings, or by a washer and pin, or in
any other suitable manner.

page_text: The combined bearing and oil cup shown in Fig. 8 consists of the bearing
proper W, provided with a feather piece ; to prevent its rotation in the side, or
other, frame while the cup or cover ✗ is being screwed on. The head of the cup or
cover is suitably formed, either hexagonally or otherwise, to allow of its being
readily screwed on or off as required. In the case of a through spindle, a suitable
hole is drilled through the end of the cover, and a leather, or other suitable washer,
fitting the spindle closely, is placed inside the end of the cover to prevent any
undue leakage of the lubricant with which the cover is filled.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1st. The combination of the hereinbefore described apparatus together with
secondary batteries for lighting railway carriages, tramcars, and other similar
vehicles by electricity, in the manner substantially as hereinbefore described.
2nd. The apparatus for maintaining continuity of motion in any driven machine,
irrespective of the direction of rotation of the source from whence the motive power
is obtained, substantially as hereinbefore described and shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7 of
the annexed drawings.