A. NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF PREVENTING ACCIDENTS PROM CARRIAGES
Year: 1812

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
WHITE, of Worthing, in the County of Sussex, Smith and Ironmonger, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain, and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twentieth day of
January, in the fifty-second year of His reign, give and grant unto me, the
said George White, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, His especial licence, full
power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said George White, my'
exors, adñiors, and assigns, should and lawfully might, during the term of
years therein mentioned, make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of A.
NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF PREVENTING ACCIDENTS PROM CARRIAGES;" in
which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso, that if I, the said
George White, shall not particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, by an'
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be
inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, that'
then the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever
thereby granted, shall utterly cease, determine, and become void, as in and
by the same (relation being thereunto had) may more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
George White, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and.

page_text: the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described
and ascertained as follows (that is to say):-
In the Drawings hereunto annexed a, a, Fig. 1, represents a pair of pre-
servers of the same nature and description and intended for the same bene-
ficial purposes as certain other preservers.set forth, and described in a certain
Writing or Specification which was inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of
Chancery by John Williams, of Cornhill, in the City of London, Stationer,
on or about the First day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and ten, in compliance with a certain proviso contained in
Letters Patent granted by His said Majesty under the Great Seal of
Great Britain, upon the Eighth day of June, in the year last mentioned, unto
the said John Williams, for his Invention of Certain Apparatus or Additional
Parts to be applied to and used with Wheel Carriages, in order to render the
same more Safe and Commodious; and also that these improvements are with
the consent of, and have been purchased by, the said John Williams, but the said
now-describing preservers do differ from the said formerly-described preservers
in certain improvements in the construction thereof, as by comparison of both
will plainly appear; and I do declare that the novelty of my said Invention
now describing doth consist in the said improvements together with others
herein-after to be described and explained. And the said improved preservers
are constructed so as to be capable of being raised or folded up, instead of
being kept constantly in one situation, for which reason I do call and deno-
minate the same Invisible Preservers.
Fig. 1 shews the preservers as fixed to, the serole irons of the springs, or if
there be no scrole irons, then to the understay heads, or other fit and con-
venient part or parts of the carriage, by the insertion of a bolt and nut, which
forms a joint at the head of each preserver; and each of the said preservers
is fitted up or provided with a fit spring to give the same a sufficient. tendency
to assume the downright position, when at liberty so to do, and also with a
rack or ratchet and catch to prevent it from returning unless allowed by
discharging the said catch. In Fig. 4, a, a, a, a, show the situation of the pre-
servers when folded up, in which situation they are retained by the jointed.
fastening e, Fig. 2, shewn also in Fig. 3. D, Fig. 3, shews an apparatus of
levers by which the preservers are discharged by pulling the handle at top,
which allows the holding piece a to drop out of the part g, and suffer the
preservers to descend, and at the same time the pins in g, being drawn out of
he mortices in the axletree, allow the ends of the traces to be discharged
and set the horse or horses at liberty, carrying with them the pole ring F. with
the harness. The piece at the end of the trace which enters the said mortice

page_text: is seen at E, where I represents a spring which holds up the trace by passing
through the bar (see also Fig. 4). In Fig. 2 is particularly shewn an appa-
ratus for discharging the preservers on one side in the event of a wheel
coming off. H is a collar with a stub point pressed by the bearing of the
wheel in its place against the jointed lever or strait bar of the holding piece e,
and thereby enabling that piece to do its office; but when by an accident the
wheel is urged outwards on its axle, the collar H is pushed back by the down-
ward pressure of the preservers (as at e, e), and the piece e, e, no longer having
its hold upon g, drops and suffers the preservers to do their office. R, Fig. 1
and 4, is an improved ladder with a scrole foot, which is held up by the small
bolt T acting in the part S, and is also provided with its spring and ratchet
and catch like the preservers; and when the horse is discharged and carries
the round bobbin X with him, he draws back T by means of the strap W and
lever U, in consequence whereof the ladder descends and takes its secure place
in aid of the preservers, for the support of the shafts or pole. For a gig there
are two stays of the same description which fold up, and on the horses
leaving the carriage are released and support the shaft, see Figs. 5, 6, and 7.
The same may be fastened by a catch, or the part S may be supported by the
belly-band. And also that the whole of these contrivances are capable of
being applied in different ways, either together or seperate, and to any part or
parts of the carriage where the objects can be obtained, and they may be
made of various forms and figures.
In witness whereof, I, the said George White, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Twenty-fourth day of April, in the year of our