Improved Method of and Means for Supplying Liquids and Gases under Constant Pressure.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 29th May, 1896-Accepted, 10th Oct., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Method of and Means for Supplying Liquids and Gases
under Constant Pressure.
I, FRITZ DOLLER, of 45 Mohrenstrasse, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
It is well known that regulators are used for controlling liquids and gases in
order that a fixed and uniform pressure can be maintained, for instance, as in
hydraulic mains where the power is used for operating lifts and the like, or
in gases for producing heat, or compressed gases or air for motive or other
manifestations of power.
The disadvantage attending these regulators is that the power is restricted to
the pressure of the forced liquids or gases, so that should the demand for
pressure or the number of outlets be in excess of the limit of supply said power
becomes diminished.
Now the object of my invention is to overcome this disadvantage by intro-
ducing in the most suitable position, an auxiliary or assisting power, which
intercepts only in case of deficiency of pressure and causes the exact proportion
of power required, to be supplied, but while the pressure is sufficient to meet the
demands said assisting power is inoperative.
To effect my object I may use any suitable assisting or auxiliary power, such as
electro-motors, spring or weighted clockwork or any other source of power which
when brought into action allows the assisting force to start immediately.
But in order that my invention may be clearly understood I will refer to the
accompanying sheet of drawings in which, Figures 1 to 4 shew various methods of
effecting my object.
In carrying out the invention, a movable diaphragm (A) or other equivalent
device, capable of vibrating in a stationary frame according to the various degrees
of pressure of the flowing gases or liquids, imparts a movement to a lever
system (A) communicating with any suitable power controlling medium (B)
which when required allows the transmission of the assisting force (K³) from
the auxiliary power (M2), to the motor (M1) thus if the demand for power caused
by the number of outlets of, the flowing liquids or gases is in excess of the limit of
pressure supplied, said pressure becomes diminished, consequently the diaphragm (A)
sinks and imparts a movement to the lever system (A') which communicates with
the power controlling medium (B) in such a manner that the assisting force (K)
from the auxiliary mechanism is transmitted to a motor in exact proportion to the
deficiency in pressure. When however there is a sufficiency of pressure under the
diaphragm (A) the power controlling medium (B) is placed in such a position
that it renders the auxiliary mechanism (M2) inoperative.
As shewn in the drawings a vibrating diaphragm (A) is made use of being
fastened to a capsular casing, while (B) may be made and formed in various
shapes.
In Figures 2 and 3 (A) is represented, connecting with (B) by means of a lever
and rod working upon motor (M). In Figure 1, (B) is a brake-block which acts
upon a disc and allows it to work more or less upon motor (M') by means of a
ratchet wheel (C) and pawl (C2) according to the force of the strain transmitted
from (A) through said lever to the brake-block (B).

page_text: .
In Figures 2 and 3 (B) is a disc placed between friction wheels and in Figure 4,
(B) is represented as a resisting device interposed in the circuit of the electro-
motor (K); so that according to the effect produced by means of the rod
belonging to (A) which automatically causes the interposition of a greater or
smaller part of the resisting device (B) into the electric circuit, a more or less
retarded working of the auxiliary motor is obtained.
Concerning the stoppage of the motive power (K2) of the assisting
mechanism (M2), it may be, seen in Figure 2, the position of (B) in the middle
part of (C) as shewn by dotted lines corresponds with the longest semi-diameter
of (M²), when the starting motor is unable to cause the rotation of (C), and
where said motor is stopped by means of (C). As soon as this portion of (B) has
been overcome by the fact that, the pressure at (A) becoming less, the diaphragm
is induced to drop or sink and consequently causes (B) to rise in such a manner,
that the transmission of force by means of (M2) to (C) is thereby more favored
and that the auxiliary force (K2) being more and more freed from its retarding
device causes accelerated revolutions of (M2), which result in a stronger working
influence of said force (K).
The same or similar working of an auxiliary motor is shewn in Figure 3.
Figure 1 represents a specimen of an auxiliary contrivance in which (B) is
pressed to the circumference of a disc (C), when the power generated at (A) is
sufficiently strong for the purpose. In consequence of this pressing of (B)
against (C) this latter is caused to stop and the ratchet wheel (C3) is now enabled
to rotate freely under pawl (C2); but as soon as the pressure at (A) begins to get
less, (B) is caused to get loose and the auxiliary force at (M) begins to work upon
disc (C) regulating by means of pawl (C2) the rotation of the ratchet wheel
until the pressure at (A) increases again and therefor makes superfluous the help
of pawl (C2).
In Figure 4 it is shewn how the diminishing of the pressure at (A) causes an
interposed resisting device (B) to be lessened whereby the auxiliary motor (K2)
is induced to start. The working of this motor depends on the measurement of
this lessening of (B) and causes according to it the revolutions of (M²) to be
accelerated until the accumulation of pressure at (A) causes (B) to be again
increased. By means of this increase and in consequence of it the revolutions
of (M2) are retarded until the auxiliary contrivance is brought to a stop.
As shewn in Figure 1, (C) is commonly coupled to the motor (M¹) in such a
manner that during the period when an assisting force is not required an undue
influence of the auxiliary device (M2) upon motor (M') may he completely
avoided.
Figure 2 represents the application of the method on one of the examples
mentioned and serves for explaining its working. In this case a motor having
three cylinders works the blowing engine (M) which conveys compressed air
into the conduit pipe (L); the air pressure inside said conduit (L) being kept
uniform. (A) consists here of a vibrating diaphragm arranged over a chamber.
The alterations in the position of this diaphragm are transmitted to (B) by means
of a lever connection. As soon as the air pressure inside conduit (L) is diminished,
say in consequence of the opening of several outlets, (B) is caused to rise in such
a manner that the transmission of the auxiliary force produced in (M²) to the
engine (M) is favored until the revolutions of (C) are accelerated to such an
extent that the coupling automatically induces the auxiliary contrivance (M³) to
work upon the engine (M) But as soon as the uniform air-pressure at (A) has
again been obtained by these proceedings, (B) is caused to descend and by means
of the increasing resistance in (M2) (B) and (C), the revolutions of (M²) are
again retarded until the weight (K) is brought to a stop..
The manner and the way how the auxiliary force is to regain influence upon the
alterations of pressure should be considered by choosing the starting contrivance
of (13). The most convenient form for the consideration of the dependence of the
various devices employed is proffered in Figure 4 where each of the various

page_text: sections of a resisting piece (B) corresponds with one of the positions of
diaphragm (A) thus rendering it possible to ascertain the section of (B) and the
position of (A) both corresponding to the moment, when the auxiliary power is
thrown out of action. Also by making choice of certain semi diameters for the
devices (M), (B) and (C) as shewn in the Figures 2 and 3 it is rendered
possible to establish the mentioned necessary dependence of the various parts
employed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
In such works that produce a current of liquids and gases in order to keep
said current on the same constant level of pressure, the automatical interposition
of an assisting or auxiliary power (M2), so that the difference in pressure of said
liquids or gases, alter the position of a lever system which is connected with a
diaphragm (A) and by which a power controlling medium (B) is so placed that in
case of necessity, the power (K) of the assisting mechanism (M²) can be trans-
mitted to the mechanism (M¹), or if desirable first through a starting medium (C)
of the latter, and thus the more will be this power, the more the pressure under
the diaphragm (A) sinks, whilst on the other hand when there is an abundance or
sufficiency of pressure under the diaphragm the power controlling medium (B) is
placed in such a position that it prevents the auxiliary mechanism (M³) from
moving and renders it temporary inoperative.
Deted the 28th dox of Mar 1906
W. D. ROWLINGSON,
7 Quality Court, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.