IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHAINS, AND IN COMBINING IRON WITH OTHER METALS APPLICABLE TO SUCH AND OTHER MANUFACTURES
Year: 1851

page_text: DOMINIQUE SISCO, of Slough, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Fifteenth day of
November, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-one, in the fifteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Antoine Dominique Sisco, my exors, admors, and assigns, Her especial
licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Antoine
Dominique Sisco, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Antoine Dominique Sisco, my exors, aduiors, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the
term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark, and Man, and also in Her said Majesty's
Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF CHAINS, AND IN COMBINING IRON WITH OTHER METALS APPLICABLE
TO SUCH AND OTHER MANUFACTURES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained
a proviso that I, the said Antoine Dominique Sisco, shall cause a particular
description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and scal, to
be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully
and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said

page_text: Antoine Dominique Sisco, do hereby declare that the nature of my said In.
vention, and the manner of performing the same, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to
the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say:-
My Invention relates to improvements in manufacturing chains, and in
combining iron with other metal applicable to such and other manufactures,
and consists of making links of chains, also anchors, pulleys, and other articles
where great strength is required, by combining lamina of iron, or iron
and steel, to the shape and substance desired, as hereafter fully described.
I would remark, that I am aware that it has before been proposed, and a
Patent was some years ago obtained in the name of a Mr. Wright for an
invention, to cause wire rods or strips to be wound side by side to obtain
the desired width, and then to be wound in successive layers to get the
substance required, and the same were soldered together by melted copper,
or other metal. Now according to my present Invention, (I cause ribbons or
fillets of iron, or of steel and iron, to be employed of such width as the link
of a chain or other article may require, and thus I obtain the desired width
without the necessity of laying the same side by side; and I cause the
substance or required thickness to be obtained by building up a series of
layers or lamina to obtain the extent desired, and I cause such laminated
links and other articles to be brazed or soldered; and in carrying out my
Invention in making links of chains, I employ machinery of improved
construction to hold the ribbons or fillets, and to bend them into the shape
desired, and I then bind or retain them in form till they are soldered, and this
binding is facilitated by the construction of part of the machinery.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a front view, and Figure 2 a side view of a machine for
forming links of chains, and it is shown in the act of making a link which in
making is being linked into a previously-formed link. The ribbon or fillet a
of iron (or two may be used, one of iron and one of steel) and one end is
held at in a notch or recess in the shape or mould c, on which the ribbon
is wound; and it is to be understood that the ribbon or fillet is to be of such
width as not to require the same to be laid side by side in making a link; for
it is important to avoid the use of wire or other form of iron, which by
reason of its size (compared with the width of article intended to be made)
requires that several thicknesses should be laid side by side to obtain the
width required. The mould c on which the ribbon or fillet is wound is fixed
on a cog wheel d, and both the mould c and the wheel d are made in halves,

page_text: so that they will open to admit of a previously-formed link being introduced
and retained within the hollow axis e on which the cog wheel and mould
rotate, and in such manner that the previous link may be stationary whilst the
mould revolves within it, and thus produce a new link linked within the
previous link. The same machine may have several sizes and forms of moulds
c, each capable of being fixed to the wheel, and thus may the-same machine
make different sizes and shapes of links. The hollow axis is formed as
shewn in the Drawing, and has an opening on one side within which the end
of the previously-formed link rests whilst the new one is being formed. The
mould is made somewhat taper, so that the link when made may be driven
off; but in order to retain the ribbon or fillet from springing out of form, it
is to be bound with wire, which may readily be done by reason of the grooves
formed at c, c', for the passage of wire. And in order to obtain as tight
a winding of the ribbon on to the mould c as may be, I employ a lever f
which by a spring driver g (acting with the ratchet wheel fixed on the axis)
is caused to give motion to the axis h, which by the cog wheel i gives motion
to the cog wheel on which the mould is fixed. This lever is only used after
the ribbon has been wound on to the mould by turning the axis by means
of the handle j. The ribbon as it comes up to the mould is to be held back
with such resistance as will cause it to bend round the mould c, and when
the required quantity has been wound on thereto, the ribbon is to be held fast,
and then the lever f is to be used in order that the layers of the ribbon on
the mould may be caused to come close to each other. The binding wire
is then to be used, the ribbon is to be cut off, and the link when removed
from the mould will be ready to be soldered. In some cases, however, where
such great strength is not required, I do not solder them, but simply bind
one side with wire, so as to retain the ends of the ribbons from springing
out, or I accomplish this end by rivetting, in which cases I cause the
ribbon or fillet to be first coated with tin or zine before forming the links
therefrom.
Another part of my Invention consists of employing a series of pieces of
sheet metal so cut into the forms of links that they may be linked into each
other, as is shown at Figure 3; and in piling or building up the required
number of these parts, I cause them to be placed in such manner that the cuts
or openings atk shall not come opposite to each other. The Drawing shews
one form of these plates, but the shape may be varied according to the form of
link to be made, and the cut or opening to enable them to be inserted or
interlinked one into the other may be varied, taking care that in making up a
laminated link that the several cuts or openings shall not come successively
on the same side or part. Figures 4 and 5 show the mode of making an

page_text: anchor by lamination, which, when put together and temporarily held, is to
be dipped into suitable fluid soldering metal to complete it. I would here
state that I do not claim to make anchors by simple lamination, but only
lamination combined with soldering or brazing. In making pulleys I employ
a series of discs, which I cause to be soldered together, and such is the case
when making other articles requiring strength. In order to solder the links
of chains so made, or the anchors or pulleys or other articles, I dip them
into a suitable bath of melted metal, such as have heretofore been used in
soldering or brazing iron and steel, taking care that the surfaces of the ribbons
of iron and steel used are in a clean and proper state before making them up,
and when dipping them into the bath of fluid metal to cause the soldering
or brazing metal to penetrate between and adhere to the several layers of
lamina and thus to solder them; or in place of using such soldering metals, I
can employ a solder composed of cast iron, combined with about one-fifth of
red copper, and one-third by weight of wrought-iron nails or cuttings, using
also about one-fourth by weight of manganese; but whatever soldering metal I
employ, having well skimmed and cleansed the surface of the melted metal, I
add borax as a flux; and in soldering the successive links by causing the chain
to descend into the bath of melted metal, I take care, after they come out of
the bath, to move the links in respect to each other to prevent their adhering
one to the other.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I would have it understood that what I claim is the mode
herein described of manufacturing chains and combining iron with other
metal applicable to such and other manufactures.
In witness whereof, I, the said Antoine Dominique Sisco, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two.
Taken and acknowledged by Antoine
Dominique Sisco (party hereto) at
Paris, in the Republic of France, this
11th day of May 1852. Before
me,
THOMAS PICKFORD,
A. DQUE (L.S.) SISCO.
Her Britannic Majesty's Consul at Paris.

page_text: Samuel Carpmael, of Lincoln's Inn, in the County of Middlesex, maketh
oath and saith, that he hath been informed and believes that the signature
"Thomas Pickford," Her Britannic Majesty's Consul at Paris, in the Republic
of France, set, subscribed, or written in the margin of the Specification here-
unto annexed, marked with the letter A, and dated the Eleventh day of May
now instant, and purporting to be executed by Antoine Dominique Sisco, of
Slough, in the county of Bucks, before the said Thomas Pickford, on the said
Eleventh day of May, is of the proper handwriting of the said Thomas
Pickford
Enrolled the Fifteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-two.