Year: 1886

page_text: [Communicated from abroad by ANTON DE BRYNK, of Zoological Pereulok, No. 3,
St. Petersburg, Russia, Second Captain Imperial Russian Marine Artillery.]
I, OLIVER IMRAY, of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in guns the nature of which will be readily
understood on referring to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. I represents
partially a longitudinal section and partially a plan of my improved gun; Fig. 2
represents a vertical section, to an enlarged scale, of the screw stopper; Fig. 3 is a plan
of the same.
The gun consists of a core A A and a jacket B B firmly united together by means
of a ring CC and a nut D D.
The core A A consists of an internal tube which may be reinforced by rings or
cylinders shrunk upon its exterior or by wire wound upon its exterior surface and
under tension, or by any combination of the aforementioned rings, cylinders and wire.
The core contains a lining tube forming the bore of the gun.
The jacket reaches only up to the middle part of the gun and may be a single piece
of metal, or made up in parts, held or united together by rings or cylinders shrunk or
screwed on its exterior, or by wire wound under tension.
In the rear part of the jacket B is screwed a breech cylinder a which contains the
locking mechanism of any desired construction. The breech end of this cylinder has
shrunk on its exterior a ring b to which is pivotted the breech-locking mechanism, the
whole being firmly held together by an external ring e c which prevent all expansion
of the rear end of the jacket, and securely holds the ring b in place. On the front end
of the breech cylinder a are pins d, to prevent the independent turning of the core.
The front end of the jacket is screw threaded and a ring ee with trunnions is shrunk
upon the jacket immediately in the rear of this screw threaded part.

page_text: The joint ring Chas on its rear end also a screw thread but in opposite direction to
that of the jacket; this ring has besides an interior shoulder or recess f.
The nut D is double threaded and in opposite directions; its threaded parts do not
extend closely to its ends, but leave at each end of the nut a plain annular surface
which bears upon the front end of the jacket on one side and on the other side upon
the rear end of the ring C, thus enabling the nut D to be easily centered.
Two setting or stopper screw bolts h h are lodged in the nut D as represented on
Figs. 2 and 3. Each of these bolts consists of three parts 1, 2 and 3. The screw 1
is fitted with a head having indentations which correspond to the screw threads of the
jacket B and ring C respectively. The screw 1 is surrounded by a nut 2 lodged in
the corresponding cavity of the nut D and formed with a flange 4 by which it is
supported in the said cavity. To prevent its lifting, it is held down by a ring 3
screwed into the said cavity and provided with holes 5 5 for the key. The nut is
provided on its upper surface with a slot 6 for a corresponding key.
The purpose of the screw stoppers h h is to prevent the unscrewing of the nut D
on firing.
The jacket B is drawn freely over the body of the gun from its breech end. Then
the nut D is placed, and finally the joint ring C. By rotating the nut. D, the ring Cand
the jacket B are drawn together, and when the stopper bolts are tightly screwed down,
the whole system is firmly held together, and the core is prevented from longitudinal
motion as well as from turning, because the pins d of the breech cylinder enter in
corresponding cavities of the core.
The proposed construction of the gun has for its object; firstly, to render it possible
to turn the core of the gun upon its longitudinal axis when the wearing away or
scoring of any part shall make such an operation necessary; secondly, to render it
possible to separate the gun into parts to facilitate transport and in such a manner as
to render it possible to reassemble and to mount them on the gun carriage without
having to resort to the cranes or other heavy appliances necessary for existing guns
of the same size; thirdly, to render it possible to interchange the parts of one gun
with corresponding parts of another one.
The lining tube of the core is made of soft steel by forging, tempering it in oil
and annealing it to the required degree. It is sufficiently thin to avoid all undue
internal strains, and at the same time to insure its mechanical qualities being the best
possible and equal throughout its whole mass. The dimensions of the reinforcing
rings or cylinders are to be made in proportion. The number of the series of
reinforcing rings or cylinders, as also the external diameter of the core, is determined
by the condition, that the core should present sufficient elastic resistance to tangential
strains on the circumference, of the transverse section of the bore in firing, and on
the other hand that the metal of the inner tube shall not be deformed after
reinforcing it by rings or cylinders or wire.
The jacket or its parts are cast of soft steel, and then reheated, tempered in oil and
annealed.
By the use of a thin inner tube, and reinforcing rings and cylinders of comparatively
small dimensions it is possible to manufacture guns of the largest calibre and
dimensions, without the aid of such big foundry and forging appliances, which are
unavoidable in manufacturing guns of the same kind by ordinary systems.
Dated this 20th day of October 1886
ABEL & IMRAY,
28, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Guns.
I, OLIVER IMRAY of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
--
This invention relates to improvements in guns the nature of which will be readily
understood on referring to the drawings filed with my Provisional Specification dated
20th October 1886 in which Fig. 1 represents partially a longitudinal section and
partially a plan of my improved gun, Fig. 2 represents a vertical section, to an
enlarged scale, of the screw stopper; Fig. 3 is a plan of the same.
The gun consists of a core A A and a jacket B B firmly united together by means
of a ring CC and a nut D D.
The core A A consists of an internal tube which may be reinforced by rings or
cylinders shrunk upon its exterior surface and under tension, or by any combination
of the aforementioned rings, cylinders and wire. The core contains a
forming the bore of the gun.
lining tube
The jacket reaches only up to the middle part of the gun and may be a simple
piece of metal, or made up in parts, held or united together by rings or cylinders
shrunk or screwed on its exterior, or by wire wound under tension.
In the rear part of the jacket B is screwed a breech cylinder a a which contains
the locking mechanism of any desired construction. The breech end of this cylinder
has shrunk on its exterior a ring b b to which is pivotted the breech-locking
mechanism, the whole being firmly held together by an external ring c c which
prevents all expansion of the rear end of the jacket, and securely holds the ring b
in place. On the front end of the breech cylinder a are pins & d, to prevent the
independent turning of the core.
The front end of the jacket is screw threaded and a ring e e with trunnions is
shrunk upon the jacket immediately in the rear of this screw threaded part.
The joint ring has on its rear end also a screw thread but in opposite direction
to that of the jacket; this ring has besides an interior shoulder or recess f.
The nut D is double threaded and in opposite directions; its threaded parts do
not extend closely to its ends, but leave at each end of the nut a plain annular
surface which bears upon the front end of the jacket on one side and on the
other side upon the rear end of the ring C, thus enabling the nut D to be easily
centered.
Two setting or stopper screw bolts hh are lodged in the nut D as represented
on Figs. 2 and 3. Each of these bolts consists of three parts 1, 2 and 3. The screw 1
is fitted with a head having indentations which correspond to the screw threads of
the jacket B and ring C respectively. The screw 1 is surrounded by a nut 2
lodged in the corresponding cavity of the nut D and formed with a flange 4 by
which it is supported in the said cavity. To prevent its lifting it is held down
by a ring 3 screwed into the said cavity and provided with holes 55 for the key.
The nut is provided on its upper surface with a slot 6 for a corresponding key.
The purpose of the screw stoppers is to prevent the unscrewing of the nut D
on firing.

page_text: The jacket B is drawn freely over the body of the gun from its breech end. Then
the nut D is placed, and finally the joint ring (1. By rotating the nut D, the ring C and
the jacket B are drawn together, and when the stopper bolts are tightly screwed down,
the whole system is firmly held together, and the core is prevented from longitudinal
motion as well as from turning, because the pins d d of the breech cylinder enter in
corresponding cavities of the core.
The proposed construction of the gun has for its object; firstly, to render it possible
to turn the core of the gun upon its longitudinal axis when the wearing away or
scoring of any part shall make such an operation necessary, secondly, to render it
possible to separate the gun into parts to facilitate transport and in such a manner as
to render it possible to reassemble and to mount them on the gun carriage without
having to resort to the cranes or other heavy appliances necessary for existing guns
of the same size; thirdly, to render it possible to interchange the parts of one gun
with corresponding parts of another one.
The lining tube of the core is made of soft steel by forging, tempering it in oil and
annealing it to the required degree. It is sufficiently thin to avoid all undue internal
strains, and at the same time to insure its mechanical qualities being the best possible
and equal throughout its whole mass. The dimensions of the reinforcing rings or
cylinders are to be made in proportion. The number of the series of reinforcing
rings or cylinders, as also the external diameter of the core, is determined by the
condition, that the core should present sufficient elastic resistance to tangential strains
on the circumference of the transverse section of the bore in firing, and on the other
hand that the metal of the inner tube shall not be deformed after reinforcing it by
rings or cylinders or wire.
The jacket or its parts are cast of soft steel, and then reheated, tempered in oil
and annealed.
By the use of a thin inner tube, and reinforcing rings and cylinders of comparatively
small dimensions is possible to manufacture guns of the largest calibre and dimen-
sions, without the aid of such big foundry and forging appliances, which are unavoidable
in manufacturing guns of the same kind by ordinary systems.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention'
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :
1-An improved gun the body of which consists of a core A and a jacket B, the
latter being freely drawn upon the breech part of the core, and not held either wholly
or partially together by shrinkage, but by means of a lock or joint in such manner
that the two parts may be separated at will whether the gun be mounted on its
carriage or dismounted substantially as herein described with reference to the drawings
accompanying my Provisional Specification.
2-The combination of the core A of the gun, a jacket B, a joint ring Cand a nut D,
the whole forming a gun easily separated in parts, substantially as and for the purposes
herein described with reference to the drawings.
.
3-The nut D with a double screw thread of opposite character, having plain annular
parts on each of its ends for the purpose described, and firmly held in place by two
screw stoppers / h substantially as described with reference to the drawings.
4-An improved screw-stopper, consisting firstly of a screw bolt 1 fitted with a head
having indentations in correspondence with the screw threading of the core and the
jacket of the gun respectively, and secondly of an inner nut 2 held in place by a
ring 3, substantially as and for the purposes herein described with reference to the
drawings.
Dated this 15th day of June 1887