Improvements in or connected with the Extinguishing of Fires.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Feb., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 20th Nov., 1893-Accepted, 13th Jan., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with the Extinguishing of Fires.
I, ORLANDO THOMAS NEWTON, of 14 Wright Street, Egremont, in the County
of Chester, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention has reference. to modes or methods of and means for extinguishing
fires, preferably automatically, in buildings, ships, or enclosed spaces generally;
and it has special reference, as regards its application and use to buildings to those
such as warehouses and sheds in which goods or articles of various kinds are stored;
it however, at the same time, as above stated, is applicable also to buildings or
enclosed spaces generally.
For simplicity, I will describe my invention as applied or used in connection with
a building (say a warehouse or the like) comprising a plurality of floors or storys,
it being understood that the features of the invention, or any of them, are equally
applicable to buildings differing in form from such building, and may be applied
collectively or individually; also they may be modified or combined in different
ways, to suit the particular or varied conditions of the application. In this
application, a main or mains is or are connected with the street hydraulic or water
main, or other suitable source of supply, and is carried up through all the floors to
the top of the building, where an air vessel on it may be provided, and from this
main assuming there to be one only-there will be led one or more main
distributing pipes horizontally under the floor, from which again will lead pipes by
which the water is distributed, the pipes of actual distribution being arranged in
any suitable way, and with branches in some cases; the arrangement or form
depending upon the area to be distributed over, and other causes.
Water from all the pipes above named is excluded at all times except when
in actual operation or action, so that in times of frost, absolute immunity from
failure or non-working due to freezing is afforded; and a drain valve is used on the
lower part of the main to empty same when the valve is cut off from it. Water is
admitted to the main or mains automatically, that is, by the heat generated by
a fire taking place at any part of the building. This is effected in one case, by wire
or equivalent metallic connections arranged or existing in or throughout all
the floors of the building, which wires or metallic connections are connected
together or provided with, fusible parts or connections, by which the wire or
metallic connection is broken or released when heated; and this breaking or
release lets down or otherwise frees or releases a weight (or spring) which is
normally held by the wire or metallic connection, and operates a valve or valves by
which water is admitted to the main or mains; and also shuts the drain pipe valve
at the same time.
In some cases this wire or metallic connection by which the water to the main or
mains of the building is normally kept off, and automatically let on when fire
occurs, may be a continuous connection running throughout all the floors of the
building, and having upon it at suitable distances apart connections or parts in
which metal or alloy wires or parts, fusible at a low temperature is provided, and
which when melted frees wholly or to the required extent, the wire, and releases
said weight or spring. In such a case, the wires may be arranged in each floor in
a single line or in two or more lines, or in any desired manner; and would be
carried over suitable rollers or pulleys where desired to turn corners, or for

page_text: supporting same or otherwise. When wire rods are used the angles or turns
may consist of portions of chain to obtain the required flexibility and ease
of action.
Further, according to my invention, the pipes and parts are so arranged, that in
a floor of considerable size the water service or supply will be arranged in sets or
bays, so that a fire occurring in one part of a floor would only effect the distributing
pipe or apparatus for service at that part. Under this feature or head there is
provided a valve controlling the supply of water to the distributing pipes used in
connection with said bay or part of the floor, and this valve is automatically
operated, that is, opened, when a fire occurs, by supporting a weight (or a spring)
which is held through metallic fusible connections, which when melted release or
free said weight or spring. The weight or spring being released or freed, opens
the valve, and supplies water from the horizontal floor main to the bay or bays or
portion or portions in which the fire is burning.
The above description may apply to the roofs of buildings as well as to
the floors."
There may be used in connection with the wires or metallic connections above
described, an indicating device which being freed or actuated through the freeing
or release of said wire or wires shews in each case in what floor of the building the
fire exists. In some cases this may consist of an arm on or representing each floor
(which may have an indicating number or word on it) which is released by said
wire or wires and falls outwards from the building when released.
I may also use in connection with the arrangement or means above described, a
sounding alarm actuated by a water motor or electrically connected by a pipe to the
system on the side of the supply valve which is normally empty; or it may
be operated electrically by making an electrical circuit, or mechanically.
There may also be used in connection with the main above described, that is, the
main on the building side of the supply valve, a stand pipe or other connection,
by which the delivery of water may be effected through a fire engine into the
building.
In some cases any of the moving parts herein described may make an electrical
circuit connected with a fire station salvage station when operated.
and
or
As above stated, the invention is not restricted to the exact forms or descriptions
of parts above specified, and the different features or parts may be used collectively
or individually in connection with fire extinguishing systems of an automatic nature
or auto-mechanical nature.
Dated this 17th day of February 1893.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON, Fels. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with the Extinguishing of Fires.
I, ORLANDO THOMAS NEWTON, of 14 Wright Street, Egremont, in the
County of Chester, Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to modes or methods of and means for extinguishing
fires, preferably automatically, in buildings, ships, or enclosed spaces generally ;
and it has special reference, as regards its application and use to buildings to
those such as warehouses and sheds in which goods or articles of various kinds are
stored; it however, at the same time, as above stated, applicable also to
buildings or enclosed spaces generally.
n

page_text: For simplicity, I will describe my invention as applied or used in connection
with a building (say a warehouse or the like) comprising a plurality of floors or
storys, it being understood that the features of the invention, or any of them,
are equally applicable to buildings differing in form from such building, and may
be applied collectively or individually; also they may be modified or combined in
different ways, to suit the particular or varied conditions of the application. In
this application, a. main or mains is or are connected with the street hydraulic or
water main, or other suitable source of supply, and is carried up through all the
floors to the top of the building, where an air vessel on it may be provided; and
from this main assuming there -to be one only-there will be led one or more
main distributing pipes horizontally under the floor, from which again will lead
pipes by which the water is distributed through sprayers or nozzles thereon, the
pipes of actual distribution being arranged in any suitable way, and with branches
in some cases; the arrangement or form depending upon the area to be distributed
over, and other causes.
Water from all the pipes above named is excluded at all times except when in
actual operation or action;' so that in times of frost, absolute immunity from
failure or non-working due to freezing is afforded; and a drain valve is used on
the lower part of the main to empty same when the water is cut off from it.
Water is admitted to the main or mains automatically, that is, by the heat
generated by a fire taking place at any part of the building. This is effected in
one case, by wire, cord, or equivalent metallic connections, arranged or existing in
or throughout all the floors of the building, which wires or metallic connections
are connected together and provided with fusible parts or connections, by which
the wire or metallic connection is, broken or released when heated; and this
breaking or release lets down or otherwise frees or releases a weight (or spring)
which is normally held by the wire or metallic connection, and operates a valve or
valves by which water is admitted to the main or mains, and also shuts the drain
pipe valve at the same time..
In some cases this wire or metallic connection by which the water to the main
or mains of the building is normally kept off, and automatically let on when fire
occurs, may be a continuous connection running throughout all the floors of the
building, and having upon. it at suitable distances apart connections or parts in
which metal or alloy wire or part fusible at a low temperature is provided, and
which when melted frees wholly or to the required extent, the wire, and releases
said weight or spring. In such a case, the wires may be arranged in each floor
in a single line or in two or more lines, or in any desired manner; and would be
carried over suitable rollers or pulleys where desired to turn corners, or for
supporting same or otherwise. When wire rods are used the angles or turns may
consist of portions of chain to obtain the required flexibility and ease of action.
Further, according to my. invention, the pipes and parts are so arranged, that in
a floor of considerable size the water service or supply will be arranged in sets or
bays, so that a fire occurring in one part of a Hoor would only affect. the
distributing pipe or apparatus for service at that part. Under this feature or head
there is provided a valve controlling the supply of water to the distributing pipes
used in connection with said bay or part of the floor, and this valve is automatically
operated, that is, opened, when a fire occurs, by supporting a weight (or a spring)
which is held through metallic fusible connections, which when melted release or
free said weight or spring. The weight or spring being released or freed, opens the
valve, and supplies water from the horizontal floor main to the bay or bays or
portion or portions in which the fire is burning.
The above description may apply to the roofs of buildings as well as to the
floors.
There may be used in connection with the wires or metallic connections above
described, an indicating device which being freed or actuated through the freeing
or release of said wire or wires shews in each case in what floor of the building the
fire exists. In some cases this may consist of an arm on or representing each floor

page_text: (which may have an indicating number or word on it) which is released by said
wire or wires and falls outwards from the building when released.
I may also use in connection with the arrangement or means above described, a
sounding alarm actuated by a water motor by a pipe to the system, on the side of
the supply valve which is normally empty.
There may also be used in connection with the main above described, that is, the
main on the building side of the supply valve, a stand pipe or other connection,
by which the delivery of water may be effected through a fire engine into the
building...
In some cases, any of the moving parts herein described may make an electrical
circuit connected with a fire station salvage station, when operated.
and
01'
The drawings hereto annexed illustrating the invention above generally described
shew examples of the application of this invention in two particular cases.
In the drawings;
Figure 1.is a sectional end elevation illustrating the invention as applied to a
warehouse or other building having a number of floors; and Figure 2 is a plan of
same:
:
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation, and Figure 4 is a plan of a valvular device for
controlling entrance of water to the building, under this invention.
Figure 5 is an elevation and Fig. 5 is a front view shewing the said valvular
device and the alarm device.
Figure 6 is a sectional plan and Figure 7 is an elevation shewing the alarm
device in detail.
:
Figures 8 and 9 are respectively sectional plan and sectional elevation of a valve
according to my invention.
Figures 10 and 11 are respectively plan and sectional elevation shewing the
fusible part or device according to this invention.
Referring now to the drawings, and more particularly to Figures 1 and 2, a is the
towns main, or other water service supply, outside the building below the surface
of the street or road. b is a branch main leading to the building. is the valvular
device within the building controlling the supply of water to the pipes within it,
and connected with the main a by the pipe b. d is a pipe connecting the valvular
device c with 'the alarm device: e is the alarm device. c is the lever of the
valvular device c by which the valves within it are operated. f is the rising main
of the building by which the water is carried from the valvular device c to the
distribution pipes throughout the building. 9 are feeding mains in each floor, they
being connected with the rising main f, and convey water from the main to the
distribution pipes. are the distribution pipes leading from the pipes g. i are
valves, one of which is provided on each of the distribution pipes and controls
the supply of water to its pipe and the area. of the floor in connection with which
its distribution pipe is employed. The valves i and the valvular device care
operated, e. opened by weights. (or springs) when released, as hereinafter
described.
As regards the mode of and means for actuating the valvular device c and
valves by which water is supplied to the building and the different portions
of the building and area of floors respectively, these consist and operate as
follows:
: Each valve i of a distribution pipe is provided with an external lever with
a weight thereon and this weight is kept up normally, and the valve closed, by a
cord.or the like j, fastened at one end to said lever and at the other to the ceiling
or other point; and within this cord or the like there is provided fusible and
releasing devices k or two or more of same.
Thus when one of these devices is
melted the weighted lever of the valve i in connection with which it is used drops
and the valve is opened, so admitting water to its distribution pipe.
Normally no water is admitted to the system of pipes above specified, but only
when one of the fusible devices on the means of supplying water-now about to be

page_text: !
described is melted, is water supplied to the pipes, but is kept off from same by
the valvular device c. The means of actuating this valvular device consists of the
cords or wires o which run throughout the building in one unbroken length between
the top of the building say, where one end of it is fastened to the building or
other part, to the weighted lever c¹ of the valvular device c to the end of which
the other end of said cord or wire is secured. In this cord or wire are provided at
intervals, as close together or as far apart as deemed desirable, the fusible devices
or parts k, and thus when a fire occurs and any of these devices or parts is melted,
the cord or wire becomes released and the weight of the valve drops and opens the
valve. The manner of arranging the cord or wire o in the application shewn in
the drawings is by fixing one end say in the upper floor at one end of a room and
carrying it under the ceiling thereof to the other end of the room then back again
on the other side and then down into the next floor and under the ceiling thereof,
exactly in the same way; and so on throughout the floors, pulleys o' being provided
wherever required at bends or turns, or to guide it in any way required. The
opposite end of this cord or wire is carried down to the valvular device c and
connected to the end of the weighted actuating lever c¹ thereof which it holds up;
and the valve closed.
C
In action, at normal times the valvular device c keeps the water from the main a
from entering the house main f, the valves i are closed. When a fire occurs in any
part of the building one or more of the fusible devices k on the cord o nearest the
fire, or acted upon first by the heat of the fire, become melted and the cord is
released; and instantly the valve lever c¹ drops by its weight and opens the valve
admitting water to the system of pipes in the building and at the same time causing
the alarm device e to be sounded. At the part where the fire exists, there one or
more of the fusible devices of the cords j controlling the valves i, will also be
melted and the valve or valves i of the distribution pipes at and about that part
will be opened by the release and dropping of the weighted lever i¹ of said valves
consequent upon the melting of the fusible devices. Thus water will be admitted
to the distribution pipes h and to the spraying taps or devices thereon, from
which it will be sprayed into the burning matters and extinguish the fire.
On the pipe at the top an air vessel f' is provided to avoid shock to the pipes
by the sudden entry of water to them. In the roof similar distribution pipes, h,
sprayers h, and cords with fusible devices are provided.
c²
b
The valvular device c consists of a casing c having within it two branches c³, c,
the former of which is connected with the branch pipe from the main a and the
latter is a branch normally covered with a fire-cap c, by removing which a fire-
engine hose may be coupled and water supplied to, the pipes in the building by
such engine; instead of that of the main. In the branch part ca valve is
provided which normally rests upon its seat and keeps the water back from the
pipe f.
This valve has a piston above it working in the upper cylindrical liner of the
branch and within the stem of. this valve-which is hollow as shewn-a second
valve c is provided working in connection with a seat on the valve c', and operated
from the weighted lever c-hinged outside said branch and a secondary lever clx
actuated by said lever c' and having a weight ex upon it, the shaft on which this
secondary weighted lever is carried, passing through the casing, and having an
internal arm thereon, the end of which is connected with the upper part of the
valve spindle of the valve o8. The lever c¹ passes through a loop formed on the
end of the lever in which pins are provided, against the ends of which
the lever c¹ comes in falling when released, and when being lifted up; but the
lever c¹ is out of contact with said pin ends, when in the normal condition of the
parts, as shewn in the drawings. The weight keeps the lever cx up and
the arm down when the valves are in the normal condition, and vice versa, it tends
to keep them up when the apparatus is in action; this being effected by so mounting
said weighted lever on its shaft, that in its opposite positions, it will lie on the
opposite sides of the vertical plane passing through the axis of said shaft.

page_text: 7
When the apparatus is not in action, the water entering the branch c² from the
main a passes into and remains within the space between the valves and its
pistone, and fills the space above this piston by leakage of water past it, due to
its being an easy fit; such amount of leakage space, however, being small, that is,
much smaller than that of escape; hereafter described. When, however, a fire
occurs, and the lever c''is released and falls, due to its weight c', it lifts the small
valve coff its seat on the valve through the arm c, and the water above it passes
-out into the lower part of the casing by way of the apertures co. As the
discharge outlet governed by this valve c is much larger than the area for leakage
to the space above the piston c', and this piston being larger in diameter and area
than that of the valve c, the pressure lifts said piston, and raises the valve c" off
Fits seat; and then the pin cx (which passes through the upper part of the stem of
the valve c and works in a slot in the hollow stem of the valve c' as well) comes
to the end of said slot, and acting upon it through the weight and cx,
together with the pressure of the water on the piston c³, moves said valve
fully up off its sent and gives full bore flow to the building and pipes within it..
.
If only a single valve e were used in this valvular apparatus, it would require a
great weight and pressure to open it, if directly effected, and the apparatus would
thus not be so reliable or sensitive, but this duplex arrangement of valve just
described renders its action capable of being performed with a relatively small
weight and pressure, and proportionately reliable and sensitive.
By the lifting of the valve cas just described, the lever c¹¹ in the case is
operated by the end of the valve stem of the valve 8, through the weight of the
valve on the opposite end of said lever. This valve controls an aperture or
pipe by which, when the valve ce are closed, said valves c" is opened as shewn
and the whole pipes and system is drained and the water allowed to flow out at
any suitable point or outlet.
Referring to the fire-engine branch c, and the valve therein, this valve is
designated c, and is normally off its lower seat as shewn, in which position its
upper face rests upon a seat on the lower edge of the lining c¹. This valve is
actuated from outside through the weighted lever c¹, by means of an arm cl
mounted on the shaft on which the lever c6 is mounted-but within the casing,—
and is connected at its end with the valve stem of the valve c¹. In action, when
the branch is connected up to the fire-engine delivery hose, the water enters the
casing above the valve c and presses it down onto the lower seat, thereby making
communication with the pipes within the building and shutting off communication
with the other part of the valvular casing. When the pressure is removed from off
the other side of the valve c¹ it is moved back onto its upper face by the weighted
lever c
The alarm device illustrated in Figures 6 and 7 consists of a casing e³, in which
works a barrel or wheel e, with blades e thereon, acted upon by the water. The
water is introduced by the branch e and discharged by the branch e, the flow of
water through the casing causing the wheel e to be rotated. On the shaft of
the motor, a cam is provided; and outside concentrically with said shaft there
is provided the gong e. The cam e acts upon the end of the lever et fulcrummed
at el, whilst the opposite end of this lever acts upon the short end of a hammer
lever fulcrumnied at e", on the long end of which a hammer is provided which
comes in contact with the gong e' at each revolution of the came, when the end of
the lever e¹o falls after the beak of the cam has been passed. It will thus be seen
that as soon as water is admitted to the case e² by the valves c and c³, the motor e
being in connection with this part of the case by the pipes d, it will be rotated, and
"the alarm sounded.
The valve i illustrated in Figures 8 and 9 consists of a casing having within it
a cylindrical plug with eccentric strips on it at each end, which come in
contact with a part of the inside surface of the valve at the ends thereof. The
action of these eccentric strips is that when the valve. is being closed, and the
strips coming in contact with the faces on the inside of the valve case, press

page_text: the plug at the opposite sides of the axis firmly onto the walls of the case and so₁
make thoroughly efficient water tight joint; whilst, on the other hand, in the act:
of opening the valve, the eccentric strips move directly off the surface of the face
in contact with which they come in contradistinction to a rubbing action-and
hence it requires little pressure to actuate it, and the parts do not stick. The
valve spindle is rectangular where it passes through the plug 3, and is a loose fit
therein, so allowing the movement of the valve up to its face in the actions just
described; and this stem at one part is provided with a coned neck fitting in a
coned bearing in the cap of the valve case, and this coned neck is kept in place
by a spring acting at the opposite end of same as shewn, thus obviating a stuffing
box and reducing friction. The weight on the lever is mounted on the end of
this volve spindle 1.
The fusible device illustrated in Figures 10 and 11, consists of a link k made in
halves or two links, having transverse bars k' which are bound together by fusible.
wire k of which several turns are taken round the bars k¹ as shewn. The
different links or halves of a link is or are provided with spigots and corresponding
recesses as shown to make it or them firm when bound together by the fusible-
wire . These devices are attached to the cord or rope o at each end, and when.
connected up therewith the cord becomes an uninterrupted or continuous one through--
out the building. Different forms of fusible devices such as described may
be devised to suit varying circumstances and different applications of the-
application.
In connection with the cordo, or that part of it which is in connection with the
lever c of the valvular device c, are indicating devices in each story or floor,.
which when the cord is pulled down by the weighted lever cause the indicator to.
shew the floor of the building within which the fire exists. One form of indicator
is shewn in Figures 12 and 13, and also in Figures 1 and 2, and it consists of an arm r
hinged at r, and normally held up in the position shewn in these figures by a cord o¹-
connected with a hook, the end of which passes over a headed pin 2 on said arm r,.
the head of which by coming in contact and bearing upon the hook keeps the hooks
in this position and the arm up. When, however, the weighted lever c falls by the-
cord o becoming parted by the melting of a fusible device k, the cord o' will also.
be pulled down by said weighted lever, and will pull the hook off the pin :
and so allow the arm to fall outwards and indicate the floor on which the
fire exists.
One of the advantages of this system and means of extinguishing fires, as
regards the extinguishing of fires happening when people are within the building,
is that the cords o and can readily be broken or cut by anyone, and thus the
apparatus may be used before the temperature has got up to such a point as to.
melt the fusible devices.
Although, in the description of this invention with reference to the drawings, a.
hydraulic alarm device, and indicating devices, have been specified in connection.
with means for extinguishing fires wherein pipes are carried through and arranged.
in the different parts of the building for conveying water thereto for the
extinguishing of fires, yet these features of the invention may be used in connection.
with extinguishing of fires to the extent of constituting an automatic hydraulic-
alarm device; and automatic indicating devices, either separately or conjointly, in.
cases wherein no system of pipes is employed. Also the different features herein.
described (and more particularly claimed in the claiming clauses concluding this.
Specification) may be used individually or conjointly, in systems or means for
extinguishing fires in buildings or structures, which differ radically from the-
general system according to this invention herein more particularly set forth.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In means for extinguishing fires in buildings or structures, a continuous wire-

page_text: or cord arranged throughout the building and having upon it fusible devices and:
a valvular device connected with same and adapted to be opened by said cord or
wire when a fire occurs, whereby water to the pipes used in the said building or
structure is normally held off and automatically turned on when a fire occurs;
operating substantially as described.
2. In means, for extinguishing fires in buildings or structures wherein. water
distribution pipes are employed in connection with each room or floor and are fed
by a main or mains, a valve or tap on said distributing pipes normally kept shut.
by a fusible device, which when fused by heat due to a fire, permits said valve,
or tap to open automatically and supply water to the pipes in the room or space
in which the fire exists, and spray water onto it: substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
.3. In means of extinguishing fires in buildings or structures wherein the different
rooms or floors of said building or structure are provided with a system of pipes
from which water is distributed, and said pipes are fed from a common main or
mains, wires or cords having fusible devices therein adapted to keep water off
from said distribution pipes, and supply it thereto in case of fire, in combination
with a wire or cord running in a continuous length through said building or
structure, and having fusible devices thereon adapted to keep water off from and
let it on to said common main or mains, operating substantially as described for
the purposes specified.
4. In means for extinguishing fires in buildings or structures wherein systems
of pipes are employed within said building, and the water is distributed there-
from at the point at which the fires take place and exist, a valvular device
adapted to be opened by the melting of a fusible device on a continuous cord
carried through said building, and to keep water out of the pipes thereof; and an
alarm device consisting of a gong or the like, and a water motor to operate said
gong, to which water is admitted upon being supplied by said valvular device to
the building substantially as described.
:
5. In means for extinguishing fires in buildings or structures, wherein pipes are
employed to conduct water as herein specified, a fusible device adapted to hold or
keep closed valves or taps on said pipes, and for releasing same and allowing same
to-open when a fire takes place, consisting of a buckle, link, or the like, in two or
more parts held together by wire fusible at a low temperature; for the purposes
specified.
6. The fusible device for use in connection with means for extinguishing fires,
consisting of a buckle, or the like, made in two parts, kept together normally by
fusible wire wound about said two parts; substantially in the manner herein set
forth with reference to the drawings.
7. In means for extinguishing fires, the combination with each set of water
distributing pipes in the different rooms of the building, of a tap or cock each
having a weighted lever which is normally kept up and the tap or cock shut by a
fusible device and cord or equivalent means, which lever is released and falls,
and the tap opens when said fusible device is heated: substantially as described.
8. In means for extinguishing fires wherein in each of the rooms or floors water
distribution pipes are employed, and a common rising main or mains is or are
adapted to feed said pipes, a valvular device normally kept closed, and opened as
described, and adapted to have passed through it water from a street or towns main,
or from a fire engine, at will: substantially as described.
9. In means for extinguishing fires, a system of distributing pipes and feeding
pipes as herein described, and a valvular device by which the water is kept from
said building and pipes under ordinary conditions, and an air vessel with and on
the top of said main; for the purposes described.
10. In means of extinguishing fires in buildings or structures, a valve or tap
having a cylindrical plug and a lever or the like and weight thereon; constructed
and adapted to operate substantially as set forth with reference to Figures 6 and 7
of the drawings.

page_text: 11. The alarm apparatus consisting of a water motor and gong constructed and
operating as set forth with reference to Figures 8 and 9 of the drawings for the
purposes specified.
.
12. In connection with the extinguishing of fires in buildings or structures,
indicating devices in connection with a cord, wire, or the like having a fusible
device or devices thereon, and adapted to be operated when a fire occurs by the
melting of said fusible device, whereby the room or part of the structure in which
the fire exists is indicated.
13. The indicating device for shewing the part of a building or structure in
which a fire exists, consisting of an arm or arms and releasing means; constructed
and adapted to be operated as set forth with reference to the drawings for the
purposes specified.
14. In means of extinguishing fires in buildings or structures, a valvular device
for controlling the supply of water to the water pipes within the building, wherein
a weight or spring is employed in connection with a duplex lift-valve, whereby a
small valve is first opened and subsequently the main valve is opened; operating
substantially as herein set forth for the purposes specified.
15. The fire extinguishing apparatus having parts arranged, constructed, and
adapted to operate particularly as set forth with reference to the drawings.
Dated this 18th day of November 1893.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON, Fels. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.