IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BROOMS AND BRUSHES, AND IN APPARATUS TUEREFOR
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Ryan, of Mill Street, in the Town and County
of the Town of Galway, in Ireland, Mechanic, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BROOMS AND BRUSHES, AND IN APPARATUS
TUEREFOR."
Sealed the 4th January 1878, in pursuance of an Order of the Lord Chancellor,
Sealed the 4th January 1878, in pursuance of an Order of the Lord Chancellor,
and dated the 4th June 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Williain Ryan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th June 1877.
'
WILLIAM RYAN, of Mill Street, in the Town and County of the Town of Galway,
in Ireland, Mechanic. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BROOMS AND
BRUSHES, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR.'
H
My Invention relates to the mode of fastening or fixing the bass, fibre, bristles,
hair, feathers, and other substances used in the manufacture of brooms, brushes, and
dusters to, in, or upon the blocks, shafts, or handles to be employed therewith, and
may also be applied to the formation of masses or groups of such substances, to be
subsequently fastened to or fixed in or upon such blocks, shafts, or handles.
+
One arrangement of iny Invention consists in placing the. substances so used by
one end into a groove or grooves cut upon the side or sides or around the outside
edge of the block, shaft, or handle, and so fastening or fixing the saine therein by
means of a correspondingly flanged, fluted, or corrugated plate or band of iron,
copper, brass, or other similar material, screwed upon or bolted or rivetted to tho
block, shaft, or handle, or by means of a wire, bar, or rod, of such material, fitted
and bolted or rivetted into each groove. The wire, bar, or rod, may also be
enclosed and kept in position by means of a plane, plate, or band of a like
material.
Another arrangement of my Invention consists in placing the ends of the sub-
stances so used either continuously or at intervals within a slot cut in a plate or
board of metal or wood, and holding such ends in position by means of flanged
or notched plates, or a series of plates or tongues introduced into the slot and hung
upon pivots or hinged; so that they may be wedgod or firmly pressed or forced

page_text: against the side or sides of the slot, or of a bar or plate corresponding with the
sides of the slot.
I may in like manner fasten or fix any of the substances used in the inanu-
facture aforesaid between two flanged, fluted, or corrugated plates or bands, or
with the aid of a wire, bar, or rod, into the groove or grooves in any such plate or
band for the purpose of being afterwards separately inserted in or attached to or
upon a block, shaft, handle, or roller. :
The plates, or bands, or the wire, bar, or rod, and the blocks, shafts, or handles,
are pressed or forced into relative position; or the plates or bands are pressed or
forced together by the aid of a lever or other press, baving a block correspondingly
grooved, fluted, or corrugated, and the plates or bands are specially prepared by an
embossing or corrugating die or press constructed for the purpose.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Ryan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 4th January
1878.
WILLIAM RYAN, late of Mill Street, in the Town and County of the Town of
Galway, in Ireland, but now of Saint Peter's Street, Old Radford, in the Town
and County of the Town of Nottingham, Mechanic.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF BROOMS AND BRUSHES AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."
The said Invention relates to the modes, herein-after described, of fastening or
fixing the bass, fibre, bristles, hair, feathers, and other substances used in the inanu-
facture of brooms, brushes, and dusters to, in, or upon the blocks, shafts, or handles
to be employed therewith, and to the forming or making of complete brooms,
brushes, and dusters by means thereof; and the same Invention inay also be applied
to the formation of masses, tufts, or groups of the substances above mentioned, for
the purpose of constructing stocks or heads, or with a view to the masses, tufts, or
groups, or the stocks or heads aforesaid, being subsequently fastened to or fixed in
or upon blocks, rollers, shafts, or handles, when required for use.
One arrangement of my said Invention consists in placing the substances to be
used in the manufacture of said articles by one end thereof into a groove or grooves.
cut upon the side or sides or around the outside edge of the block, shaft, or handle,
and so fastening or fixing the same therein by means of a correspondingly flanged,
-fluted,-or-corrugated-plate-or-band-of-iron, copper, brass, or other similar material,
_and.screwed.upon.or.bolted.or. rivetted to the block, shaft, or handle.
The substances so to be used, as aforesaid, may also be fastened or fixed into the
groove or grooves above described by means of a wire, bar, or rod, or wires, bars,
For=rods-of-the-said-or-similar-materials, fitted-and-bolted-or-rivetted-into-such
-groove or grooves; or-the-wire, bar or rod may be enclosed and kept in position
by the aid of a plane, plate, or band of a like material.
Another arrangement of my said Invention consists in placing the ends of the
substances to be used in the manufacture aforesaid, either continuously or at
intervals, within a slot cut in a plate, slab, or board of metal, bone, or wood, which
ends are held in position by means of flanged or notched plates, or of a series of
⚫plates or tongues introduced into the slot, and hung upon pivots or hinged, so that

page_text: they may be wedged or firmly pressed or forced against the side or sides of the slot,
or of a bar or plate corresponding with the sides of the slot.
In like manner I inay fasten or fix any of the substances to be used in the
manufacture aforesaid between two flanged, fluted, or corrugated plates or bands,
or with the aid of a wire, bar, or rod, into the groove or grooves in any such plate
or band for the purpose of being afterwards separately inserted in or attached to
or upon a block, roller, shaft, or handle.
The substances to be used in the manufacture aforesaid being laid with one end
extending over or across the groove or slot, the plates or bands, or the wire, bar,
or rod, and the blocks, shafts, or handles, or the plates or bands, or the plate or
band and wire, bar or rod are forced into their relative positions; or the plates
or bands are pressed or forced together by the aid of a screw or other lever acting
upon, a traversing block, between which and a metal table or slab, the plates
or bands, or the wire, bar, or rod, and the blocks, shafts, or handles, or the plates
or bands, or the plate or band and wire, har, or rod are placed, and the parts are
screwed or bolted and rivetted together while being held between such block.and
table or slab. The traversing block is sinuous or notched vertically along the sides
to permit the screws, bolts, or rivets to rise through the upper or external plate or
band, or the wire, bar, or rod laid upon the substances being used in the manu-
facture and to be fastened as herein-after mentioned.
The screws, bolts, or rivets are attached to or passed through perforations in the
plate or band, or the wire, bar, or rod, which is placed upon the metal table or
slub, the perforations being at intervals so arranged as to be opposite to the
concavities or notches of the traversing block, and the superimposed plate or band,
wire, bar, or rod and block, shaft or handle is or aro furnished with corresponding
perforations through which the screws, bolts, or rivets pass, and the screws, bolts,
or rivets are made fast or clinched in the ordinary way or by means of a ram,
block, or punch on each side of the traversing block, and actuated by a lever when
the traversing block has pressed or forced the parts sufficiently together and before
they are reinoved from the press. This traversing block is grooved, fluted, or
ribbed on the underside inversely or reciprocally to the fluting or corrugation of
the plate or band, and so as to fit closely into the same, and a similar or corre-
sponding form is given for the same purpose to the table or slab; or a suitably
grooved, fluted, or ribbed plate or die may be placed in a slot, cavity, or bed pro-
vided in the table or slab to receive and retain it opposite to the traversing block
aforesaid. But where the substance being used in the manufacture aforesaid is to
be held in the groove by a wire, bar, or rod, or by a plate or band, which is
grooved, fluted, or ribbed only on the side contiguous to such substances, it will
generally be preferable and may be necessary to employ a block and table, slab or
plato, having the surface which would come into contact with the wire, bar, or rod,
or with the plate or band last referred to, plane and flat.
The form and size of the groove, fluting, or rib of the traversing block and plate
or die will of course depend on the nature and description of the broom, brush, or
duster to be manufactured, and will be adapted to inany varieties thereof; and
where the broom, brush, or duster is of small size, the block and plate or die may
be prepared for the construction of several of such articles simultaneously. The
langed, fluted, or corrugated plates or bands are punched from embossing or
corrugating dies specially prepared to form them, and with the aid of a press or
frame similar to those in cominon use for the like purposes.
And in order that the said Invention may be more fully understood, I shall now
proceed to refer to the Drawings on the Sheets hereunto annexed, the same letters
of reference being used throughout all the Figures to indicate the saine or corre-
sponding parts of said improvements.
Fig. I. is the front view of a press, by means of which the plates or bands, wires,
bars, or rods, and blocks, shafts, or handles, or any of them, and the substances to
be used in the manufacture aforesaid, are pressed or forced into their relative
positions, and screwed, bolted, or rivetted together, and shows the traversing block

page_text: grooved, fluted, or ribbed plate or die, and the lever by which the ram, block, or
punch is actuated for the purpose of clinching or rivetting the bolts.
Fig. II. is a sectional plan on the line, v, marked on Fig. I., and shewing a
ram block or punch on each side of the traversing block for clinching or rivetting
the bolts.
Fig. III. is a sectional plan on the line y, z, of Fig. I., and shews the slot or cavity
to receive the grooved or fluted plate or die.
Fig. 1V. is the traversing block turned down side up, and showing the grooves or
flutings to fit into a fluted or corrugated plate or band.
Fig. V. is a grooved or fluted plate or die, to be placed in a slot, cavity, or bed
in the table or slab of the press.
Fig. VI. is a fluted.or-corrugated plate or band with screws or bolts at intervals.
Fig. VII. is a similar plate or band, with perforations to receive the screws or
bolts.
Fig. VIII. is a plate or band covered with the substance of which a brush is to
be manufactured, one end of the substance being across the plate or band.
Fig. IX. is a block, shaft, or handle, to be placed between two plates or bands.
Fig. X. shews a traversing block imposed upon a plate or band, and block,
shaft, or handle, with the screws, bolts, or rivets in the notches or concavities of the
traversing block.
Figs. XI. and XII. shew the ends or sections of various brushes when finished.
Fig. XIII. shews two fluted or corrugated plates or bands, holding the substances
used in the manufacture aforesaid between them, and ready to be inserted in a
slotted board or roller.
Figs. XIV., XV, XVI., and XVII, show slotted rollers prepared to receive the
plates or bands and substances shown in Fig. XIII., and sections of such rollers.
Fig. XVII. shows two flanged or notched plates or tongues working upon a
hinge or pivot, and holding the substances alternately in opposite grooved slots.
A is the frame of the screw press; B is the table or slab; C is the traversing
block;
D is the fluted or ribbed plate or die; E, E, are clinching or rivetting ram
blocks or punches, and F is a lever by which such clinching or rivetting ram blocks
or punches may be actuated.
a is the fluted or corrugated plate or band; b is the substance of which the
broom, brush, or duster consists; c is the grooved block, shaft, handle, or roller,
and d, d, d, d, are the screws, bolts, or rivets.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I would have it to be understood that I do not claim the
use of any of the substances employed in the manufacture of brooms, brushes, and
dusters, nor of the blocks, shafts, handles, or rollers connected therewith, nor of
flanged, fluted, notched, or corrugated plates or bands, wires, bars, or rods, nor of
slotted plates or boards, and series of plates or tongues hung upon pivots or hinged,
nor of a sinuous or notched travelling block, nor of a grooved, fluted, or ribbed
travelling block, plate, or dio, except or otherwise than when the same aro used iu
the modes and combined in the respective arrangements, as herein-before respectively
described, nor do I separately claim-any-of-the-parts thereof, nor the movements
thereof, nor do I claim the use of lover or other presses or punches, nor of any of
the separate mechanical parts of the machinery and apparatus-used-by-ine, but I
claim,
14
First The use-in-manufacturing brooms, brushes, and dusters, of plates or bands
and blocks, or-of-wires, bars, or rods, or of plates or tongues when employed
respectively in arrangements or modes of fastening, substantially as described, and
shown in the Drawings hereunto annexed.
Secondly. The manufacture of brooms, brushes, and dusters, by employing
respectively the arrangements for or modes of fastening or fixing the materials

page_text: Thirdly. The use in manufacturing brooins, brushes, and dusters, of a sinuous or
notched block and an embossed or corrugated block and plate or die, constructed
and employed substantially as described, and shewn in the Drawings hereunto
annexed.
Fourthly. The binding, fastening, fixing, and connecting in manufacturing
brooins, brushes, and dusters, of the substances used in such manufacture upon and
with block, shafts, or handles, substantially as described, and shewn in the Drawings
hereunto annexed.
Fifthly. The use of apparatus and machinery constructed as described, and shewn
in Figs. I., II., III, IV., and V. of the Drawings hereunto annexed, in the manner
and for the purposes herein-before described.
Sixthly. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting respectively
the aforesaid brooms or brushes, or like instruments constructed respectively with
or by means of my improvements, substantially in the manner herein-before
described, and illustrated in the several Drawings hereunto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Ryan, have heraunto set my hand
and seal, this 31st day of December, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-seven.
Signed and sealed,
in presence of
SAMUEL PARSONS,
Solicitor,
Nottingham.
WILLIAM RYAN. (L.S.)