Disengaging Starting Handle for Gas and Oil Engines and other Motors that are not Self Starting.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Nov., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 26th Aug., 1895-Accepted, 28th Sept., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Disengaging Starting Handle for Gas and Oil Engines and other
Motors that are not Self Starting.
ALFRED PALMER TURNER 59 New Road Peterboro
Northamptonshire
Locomotive Foreman do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows.-
This invention consists of handle & arm A (Sheet 1) & short spindle with
collar upon the end of which a coarse pitched screw thread, or spiral, is cut
(ot square vee or knuckle section) either right or left handed thread, as may be
required, for whichever direction the engine or motor is running, or which end of
crank shaft is most convenient to get at, this screwed end or spiral marked B
(Sheet 1) is fitted into the end of a cast, or wrought iron socket C, which is bored
& grooved to fit on the projecting ends, (of revolving shaft of motor), or of
engine ank shaft 1), & key E, or fly wheel X, being held in position by sunk
screw F, to prevent it working off.
In cases of engines that may be hereafter built, the end of crank shaft to be
bored & threaded to receive the screwed end B, (or spiral) as shewn at Sheet 2.
For engines of larger power, or more powerful motors, the screwed end of
spindle B (Sheet 4) terminates beyond the collar O in a parallel spindle B₁ which
1 allowed to slide freely through the centre of spur geared wheel G, upon a
feather key D inserted in the boss of wheel G, which key causes the spindle B¹ &
screwed end B to revolve with the wheel; this wheel bemg controlled by the
pinion P which is fastened on the spindle K of handle A (Sheet 4)
The gearing & spindles above described are carried in two parallel, wrought or
cast iron frames H. H. which form the bearings for spindles K & B', through
which bearings the spindle B' slides freely: these frames are kept in position or
parallel by cross pieces inserted as at Z. Z (to which can be fastened a thin sheet
iron protecting shield, & the said frames are secured to a tee non frame I by bolts
or vets, which frame is fastened as required (to stone bed or otherwise) with the
centre of spindle B, m line with & close to the centre of crank shaft, or socket on
end of engine or motor shaft.
Upon the handle A being turned round and a slight pressure applied to the end
of spindle B, the spital or screwed end B of spindle revolves & engages with the
thread in end of crank shaft D Sheet 2 or socket C (Sheet 1) until it brings the
collar O up to the end or face of crank shaft or socket, & the shaft is thereupon
caused to revolve until such time as sufficient compression or velocity takes place
to start the engine or motor, & the handle thereupon becomes disengaged owing to
the revolving shaft of motor, or the crank shaft of engine exceeding the speed at
which the handle is being turned.
The advantages claimed for this invention, are, that upon starting the engine or
motor, instead of pulling the wheel round by the spokes or rim (a dangerous
process) all that is required is for the attendant to insert the screwed end of spindle
into the end of crank shaft or socket & commence turning the handle A. until such
time as the engine by its own speed, overcomes the speed at which the handle is
being turned (by from 3 to 1 revolution) when the sciew is disengaged. & is left
or spiral,
at rest in the hands of attendant; owing to the coarse pitch of screw,

page_text: there is no possibility of the screw becoming jammed in the socket or shaft: & no
projecting portions are left to revolve with the shaft, & in the case of socket ()
Sheet 1 being used, it acts as a shield or covering, for the projecting head of key
in fly wheel, & also the grooved keyway at end of crank shaft
Dated this 24th day of November 1894.
Disengaging Starting Handle for Gas and Oil Engines and other
Motors that are not Self Starting.
I ALFRED PALMER TURNER, of 59 New Road Peterborough, in the County
of Northamptonshire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertamed in and by the following statement:―
Hitherto it has been usual, with gas, oil and other non-self-starting engines for
the attendant or engineer to revolve the fly wheel until the engine starts: which
operation is attended with considerable danger, as should the attendant not
relinquish his hold of the fly wheel immediately the engine has gained any speed
he would be seriously injured
This invention is designed to obviate the above mentioned objection and danger,
and is applicable to either large or small engines
And in order that my said invention may be more clearly understood, I will now
proceed to describe the same with reference to the drawings accompanying this
Specification.
Sheets 1 and 2 shew how my invention may be adapted to existing engines.
At Sheet 1 B shews a coarse pitched screw or spiral, of square or other suitable
section, with a right or left handed thread, according to the direction in which the
engine may be required to run. The sciew B may form part of or be connected
to a cast or wrought iron or steel winch handle A C shews a cast iron or steel
socket, which is fitted on to the projecting end of the crank shaft D of the engine
(or spindle of motor) The socket is grooved to pass over the key E projecting
from the boss of the fly wheel X, and prevented coming off the shaft D by the set
screw F. The socket C has a female thread or spiral to receive the screwed
end B.
In order to start an engine provided with the above described mechanism, the
screwed end B is screwed into the socket C, until the collar O is brought up to the
face of the said socket as shewn at Sheet 1, and upon pressure being applied to
the handle A, the engine shaft is caused to revolve, in whichever direction the
engine runs, until a sufficient compression (e.g. in the case of gas engines) causes
the engine to start: and when the speed of the engine crank shaft exceeds the
speed at which the handle A is being turned, the handle A will disengage itself by
unscrewing and will be left in the hand of the operator
At Sheet 2 F shews cast iron or steel socket, screwed to receive the screwed
end B, and bored for the projecting end of the crank shaft D to fit into, also having
a dovetailed groove, into which is fitted a key G which projects so as to fit into
the main key groove on crank shaft D. A flat H is filed on the opposite side
of the shaft D, to receive the end of the set screw I, which prevents the socket
working off.
The action for starting an engine in this case is the same as that described in
connection with Sheet 1
This latter arrangement is to be adapted where the crank shaft of the engine

page_text: projects too far beyond boss of fly wheel to permit of the socket C (shewn in Sheet 1.)
being fitted.
Sheet 3 shews how my invention may be adapted to new engines of small type.
In this view the crank shaft B or motor spindle is provided with a female thread,
to receive the screwed end B which is screwed in and the engine or motor started as
previously described.
Sheets 4 and 5 shew my invention as applied to engines of large type.
1,
In this case the screwed end of the shaft B terminates beyond the collar O in
the spindle B', which passes fieely through the centre of a disc W, which disc is
connected by a feather key K shewn dotted, working in lot or key way on the
shaft B', thus causing the said shaft to revolve with the disc W. Fitting loosely
on the disc W is a spur wheel J on which are cast two parallel webs or hips
which form a parallel groove into which is fitted the sliding block 2 provided with
spiral springs 33, capable of being compressed as required by the screws 4 4, so as
to cause a pressure to be applied to the roller 5, carried at the bottom of the sliding
block 2 The pressure of the springs 33, bearing on the sliding block 2, causes
the roller 5 to be forced down into the hollow formed on the periphery of the
disc W, as shewn at Sheet 6.
If from any cause the crank shaft receives a sudden impulse in the opposite
direction to which it is being turned, of greater force than can be overcome by
turning the handle A, the extra pressure forces the roller 5 out of the hollow on
the dis W and up the inclined curvature, compressing the springs 3 3, and a pin 6
is at once forced by the pressure of a small spring 6, as shewn at Sheets 5 and 7
into an aperture made to receive it, when the block 2 on fork piece 7 Sheet 7 is
raised to this position. This prevents the roller 5 from being again forced down
into the hollow on the disc W, until the pin 6 is withdrawn
The wheel is actuated by the pinion P, when the handle A is turned for
starting the engine, this pinion being fixed to the spindle L of the handle A
The gearing and spindles are earried in a cast iron flame M each side of which
forms a bearing for the shaft B', and this frame is bolted to supports S, which are
secured to a foundation at such distance as to bring the centre of the shaft B¹ in a
line with the centre of the crank shaft.
When the above mechanism. is employed, the engine is started by turning the
handle A, which rotates the pinion P, this latter actuating the spur wheel J,
shaft 1 and consequently by means of the screw B the crank shaft of the engine.
The shaft B is disengaged from the crank shaft in a similar manner to that
described with reference to Sheets 1 and 3.
At Sheet 6, in addition to the disc W before described, is also shewn a back view
of the handle A, partly in section, and detached views of the fork piece 7, carrying
the roller 5
Sheet 7 shews an elevation partly in section of the handle A, together with the
shaft B', dise W, roller 5 fork 7, pin 6, spring 61, spiral springs 3, adjusting screw 4
and screw B
It is obvious that instead of having the handle screwing into the crank shaft, it
may be made so as to screw on to it. by having the screw cut on the crank shaft
and the portion of the handle which carries the screw B made tubular with a female
thread cut therein
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is: -
handle
1. In gas and other non-self starting engines the employment of a
screwing to or engaging with the crank or main shaft of the engine, for the purpose
set forth
2. The improved means for starting gas and other non-self starting engines
substantially as set forth.

page_text: 3 In gas and other non-self starting engines the employment of an automatically
disengaging handle for the purpose set forth
Dated this Twenty-sixth day of August 1895
BROWNE & Co,
9 Warwick Court. Gray's Inn, London, W.C,
Agents for the Applicant.