A New or Improved Cooler for Petroleum and similar Burners of any Kind.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Mar., 1899-Accepted, 6th May, 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Cooler for Petroleum and similar Burners of any
Kind.
I, RICHARD ADAM, of 15, Saarstrasse, Berlin-Friedenau, in the Empire of
Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
:―
This invention relates to means for cooling such parts of petroleum burners as
lie near the flame and by which the sooting of such lamps can be entirely pre-
vented, thus allowing an easier regulation and better control of the flame than
hitherto.
Petroleum burners hitherto used, including petroleum incandescent burners,
have the disadvantage, that when the wick is not exactly adjusted for the proper
burning, soot is soon given off, constant attention being consequently required
for regulating the flame. This disadvantage is mainly produced owing to the
fact that the parts of the burner, constructed generally of metal, which lie next
the flame, cause in a short time, by their great heat, an augmented development
of the combustion gases, at the same time overheating the same, so that the in-
flowing air becomes insufficient for the proper and entire burning of the abun-
dantly produced petroleum vapours and gas. In petroleum incandescent lamps
this disadvantage is especially perceptible inasmuch as in the hitherto used con-
structions the mantles soon become blackened, whereby their lighting power is
lost and they become useless.
These disadvantages are avoided in the present invention, in which an extreme
heating of the burner parts is prevented by maintaining the same cool by means
of water vapours of low temperature and pressure. The possible slight diminu-
tion of lighting power caused thereby is fully compensated by the easier regula-
tion and the readier avoidance of sooting.
In the annexed drawing the invention is represented in several forms of con-
struction in vertical section.
As can be seen in the drawing, there is arranged inside the inner wick tube b
round which the wick for originating the flame is put, a second wick tube c of
smaller diameter so arranged that there remains round it an annular channel of
such diameter that the air draught is hindered in no way. This inner wick
tube c has either as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the same diameter throughout or it
may be widened towards its upper end as shown in the construction represented
in Figs. 3 and 4 to facilitate the compensation of pressure. In any case this
wick tube is entirely closed with the exception of a few openings suitably
arranged at any spot but preferably on the side or periphery of the same.
this tube c is a wick f continually drawing up water from a vessel suitably
arranged on or in the lamp. This water evaporates in the upper part of the tube c.
The vapours-given-off at a proportionally low temperature escape fhrough the
openings e into the air channel surrounding the inner tube c where they are still
D
Inside

page_text: further cooled by the ascending air current and then spread over the inner
burner parts preventing them from becoming excessively heated. A harmful
influence of the vapours on the burner parts caused perhaps by corrosion of
the same cannot happen because the vapours enter into the air channel, as
mentioned. already, entirely without pressure; on the other hand the air draught
is in no way hindered. The flame once being regulated for a certain lighting
power it becomes self regulating inasmuch as by the continual development
of vapours caused by the flame, an overheating of the burner parts, and thereby
an excessive development of gas are entirely avoided. Should the flame grow
too large then' proportionally also a greater volume of water vapour is developed
so that the same proportion is always maintained between the petroleum and water
vapour and the temperature remains, constant:
sure.
In order that this cooling may be always effected in the desired degree and that
the mixture of water vapours be the same-for-any height of the flame, it is neces-
sary to provide that the steam is allowed to escape always with little or no pres-
This can be obtained as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 by extending the perfora-
tions arranged in the wall of the water wick pipe to the top end of the same,
or perforations are arranged only in the lower part of the water wick tube in
which case they must be more numerous or larger. For facilitating the com-
pensation of pressure it is advisable in this case to widen the upper part of the
water wick tube as shown in Figs. 3 and 4.
The inner water wick tube c can also be provided with longitudinal .slots in-
stead of perforations or it can be closed on the sides. and have an opening on
the top.
As shown in the drawing in the case of a hollow perforated flame cap 9 being
employed it is fastened to the inner side of the outer wick tube as in Figs. 1
and 3 but if a flat disk g is used the same has to be attached to the inner tube
serving for the admission of water as shown in Figs. 2 and 4. Of course several
such water wick tubes c can be arranged inside the burner pipe serving for air
supply.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. A new or improved cooler for cooling and maintaining cool kerosene or
petroleum and similar burners of any kind, said cooler comprising an inner
tube arranged within the wick 'tube b and having suitable openings e for the
escape of low pressure steam, which on passing along the walls of the air passage
surrounding said tube, effects the cooling of the parts nearest and within the
flame, sustantially as described and for the purpose set forth.
2. A new or improved cooler for cooling and maintaining cool kerosene or
petroleum and similar burners of any kind, said cooler comprising a variety of
tubes arranged within the wick tube and having openings to allow of the escape
of low pressure steam which on passing along the walls of the air passage sur-
rounding said. tubes, effects the cooling of the parts nearest and within the
flame.
3. The combination with a cooler for kerosene or petroleum and similar burners
of a disc g of suitable size and dimensions for the distribution of heat and the
spreading of the flame said disc being fastened to the inner tube e in any suit-
able manner.
4. The combination with a cooler for kerosene or petroleum and similar burners
of a disc or cap of suitable size and dimensions for the distribution of heat and
the spreading of the flame, said disc or cap being in any suitable manner fastened
to the wick tube b.
•
5. A new or improved cooler for- kerosene burners of any kind, said cooler
comprising an inner wick tube within the outer wick tube for the admission of

page_text: water and the formation of low pressure steam, the upper part of said inner tube
being larger in diameter than its lower portion thereby avoiding the formation
of high pressure steam.
Doted this 30th day of March 1800
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to Applicant, 18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London.