Year: 1885

page_text: I, WILLIAM MILLIGAN FRASER, of Howden House, Mid Calder, in the County of
Mid Lothian, North Britain, Managing Director of the Pumpherston Oil Company,
Limited, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say :-
My said Invention has for its object the utilisation of tar, or oil, or other
carbonaceous liquid of small cost, or a combination of dross or powdered coal with
such liquid so as to satisfactorily serve as fuel for furnaces such as those of steam
boilers and others. And my Invention comprises the use of compressed air and
steam in injecting the liquid fuel into the combustion chamber or furnace, also the
heating of the air required for combustion in addition to that passed through the
injector, and also a general arrangement and construction of the furnace or
combustion chamber, and air-heating passages and other apparatus connected
therewith.
The practical application of my improvements in connection with a steam
boiler of a common type, is shown on two accompanying sheets of explanatory
drawings, figure, 1, on sheet, 1, being an end elevation and figure, 2, a transverse
vertical section of the furnace; whilst figures, 3, and 4, on sheet, 2, are vertical
and horizontal longitudinal sections. In these drawings the same reference
numerals are used to mark the same or like parts wherever they are repeated.
In the modification shown in the accompanying drawings, the furnace is formed
in a brickwork structure, 10, built externally to the end of the boiler, 11, which is
represented as of a horizontal cylindrical form with two large flues, 12. Within
the structure, 10, a combustion chamber or fireplace, 13, is constructed with short
flues, 14, communicating with the boiler flues, 12; and this combustion chamber, 13,
and the flues, 14, are lined with firebrick. The combustion chamber, 13, is formed
with a bed or bottom, 15, below the level of the flues, 14, for receiving any
unburned oil or residuary matters which can be removed periodically through a
port, 16, provided with a door, 17. Above the port, 16, there is formed the
injector port, 18, into which projects the injector nozzle, 19, the injector being
placed horizontally and having two pipes, 20, 21, connected to it. One of these

page_text: pipes, 20, is for admitting compressed air and is fitted with a regulating valve;
and the other pipe, 21, which is also fitted with a regulating valve, has connected
to it two pipes, 22, 23, each fitted with a regulating valve, and one, 22, supplying
the oil or liquid fuel whilst the other supplies steam. A port, 24, having a
door, 25, is provided at the upper part of the furnace and towards one side, to
allow of the condition of the interior of the furnace being inspected at any time.
A number of flues or passages, 26, are formed in the brickwork of the furnace at
the sides and round the arched roof of the combustion chamber, 13. The lowest of
these flues have ports for admitting air at the front of the furnace the quantity of
air entering being regulated by sliding doors or valves, 27; and the horizontal
flues being connected alternately at their inner and outer ends, the air entering
the lowest flues traverses the others in succession and finally passes from the
highest flues down into the combustion chamber, 13, being heated in its passage.
The liquid fuel is by the action of the steam and air forced through the injector
nozzle, 19, in the form of spray into the combustion chamber, 13; and being
ignited therein undergoes complete combustion with the aid of the heated air
passing through the flues, 26. In this way intensely heated fire gases are formed
which passing onwards through the boiler flues, 12, act very efficiently therein.
My improved furnace and apparatus may be used in connection with various
forms of steam boilers, and also for various other heating purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The use of compressed air and steam combined for injecting the liquid fuel
into the combustion chamber substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. The heating of the air required for the combustion of the liquid fuel
in addition to that passed through the injector, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
3. The general arrangement and construction of the furnace and air-heating
passages and other apparatus connected therewith substantially as hereinbefore
described
Dated this nineteenth day of December 1885
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.