Improvements in Dies for Forming Caps, Lids, and other Hollow Articles in Paper or other suitable Material.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Aug., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 11th May, 1891-Accepted, 25th July, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Dies for Forming Caps, Lids, and other Hollow
Articles in Paper or other suitable Material.
I, WILLIAM LOVE of 136 Great Saffron Hill in the County of Middlesex, Box
Makers Manager do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
:―
My invention is for an improvement and simplification in the method of con-
structing dies for forming caps or covers and other pan or hollow shaped forms in
paper strawboard and other analogous substances by a process of folding and
pressing, without the necessity of employing heat or outside mechanism to produce
the necessary pressure on the rim or flange turned up.
For this purpose I employ what is known as an ordinary French press tool con-
sisting of an upper part or punch a having an opening or recess 6 b. therein of
the diameter of the outside of the cap proposed to be formed in which recess works
against a light spring a pad or plunger C running from a line at the lower edges
of the punch back solid against the interior of same. This punch or upper die is
made to fit a lower steel ring D D so as to cut out the blank necessary for forming
the cap. The lower steel ring or die is fitted with a moveable spring ring E E and
a central core composed of an octagonal pyramid surrounded by eight corresponding
sections of a steel ring G G having the form of a cylinder at its periphery from
the top of the ring to about an inch and downwards, as in the sketch or more or
less according to the depth of rim required to be formed, from thence the sections
expand at the same angle as the fixed pyramid on which they are to work, and
the whole are formed so as to work freely up and down the eight sides of the
pyramid subject to the pressure of a powerful spring H H tending always to drive
the sections upward and so to close them, in consequence of the formation of the
outer wall of the lower die which is also in the form of an eight sided hollow
pyramid and encloses the sections so as to prevent direct lateral movement. The
said sections are surmounted and covered by a plate J affixed to a spindle K
working through a pyramid.
The method of operation of this compound die is as follows.
Upon the descent of the punch the paper which is fed in the sheet so as to cover
the lower die is cut out and the blank so cut is held between the pad and the lower
core. The continued descent of the hollow punch now causes the pad therein to
press upon the paper blank and hold it in position upon the core within the lower
die until by the further descent of the hollow punch the sides of the blank are
withdrawn concentrically from between the rounded edges of the punch and the
moveable spring ring and turned down around the central sectional core which in
consequence of the powerful spring below has up to this point remained immove-
able. The paper being now folded to the required shape and the pad in the punch
having retired to the bottom of its recess the whole force of the press comes upon
the top of the core forcing the segments to descend upon the central pyramid and
consequently to expand with a force proportioned to the angle of the pyramid
which in the sketch herewith would give a theoretical pressure of † that exerted by
the press sufficient to recombine the damped pulp of the paper cap and give it a
permanent set.
My invention differs in no way from an ordinary metal cap folding tool except
in the application of an expanding core which comes into action after the ordinary
process is complete and supplies the side pressure necessary to give a permanent
set to the material I propose to work.
I believe that this is the first time such an arrangement has been used for such
purpose altho' cones have been proposed to produce a core on to which pressure is

page_text: brought from the outside by another and altogether different arrangement and
which subsequently contract to clear the beaded or overdrawn cap.
The essence of my invention consists in the application of an expanding core for
the purpose of obtaining the necessary pressure for giving a permanent set to
caps etc. of paper and other substances requiring such side compression.
Dated this 11th day of August 1890,
WILLIAM LOVE.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Dies for Forming Caps, Lids, and other Hollow
Articles in Paper or other suitable Material.
WILLIAM LOVE 136 Great Saffron Hill, in the County of Middlesex, Box
Maker's Manager do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
My invention consists in an improved method of constructing dies for striking
up caps or covers and other pan or hollow-shaped articles, in paper, strawboard,
and analogous substances.
For this purpose I employ an ordinary French cutting and folding die with the
addition of a new and special form of core. The whole apparatus, or rather its
essential parts being substantially as shown in the drawing left with the Provisional
Specification.
In this drawing the upper part of the die consists of a punch a hollowed out to
the size and form of the cap proposed to be formed. Inside this punch there works
a moveable pad C pressed downwards by a light spring and held in its lowest
position by a peg or other suitable means."
The punch is made to fit into a steel ring d d fixed to the body of the lower die
so as to cut out the blank necessary for forming the cap.
Within the ring d d works a folding-ring E E against light springs for the
purpose of controlling the folding of the blank, as hereafter to be described, and
within this ring is the special core which forms the essential part of my invention.
This core is composed of a pyramid F of four or more sides upon which work a
corresponding number of steel blocks G G so formed as to slide upon the surfaces
of the pyramid and against exterior guides which serve to hold the blocks upon the
Pyramid.
The outsides of the blocks, from the top downwards for a distance depending on
the depth of the cap to be formed, are shaped to the form of the required cap and
consequently nearly correspond with the interior of the punch a.
The sections are surmounted by a plate J working upon a perpendicular spindle,
which controls their upward movement and protects the flat upper part of the cap
from the horizontal movement of the blocks hereafter to be described.
A steel ring impelled upwards by a powerful spring upholds the sectional
blocks.
The mode of operation of this die is as follows:-
Upon the descent of the punch a the paper or other material, which is fed in
the sheet so as to cover the die ring d d, is cut out, and the blank so cut is held
between the pad C and the mushroom-shaped plate .J.
The continued descent of the hollow punch a now causes the pad C to retire, and
the ring EE to descend, while the edges of the punch carry downwards the sides
of the paper held between them and the ring E E until the blank remains folded
over the interior core, and has assumed the cup-like form required.
By this time the pad C will have retired solid upon the bottom of the punch a,
and the punch still descending will then overcome the resistance of the lower spring
controlling the blocks forming the sectional core, and the latter descending the
pyramid F will necessarily expand laterally, and consequently exert a pressure

page_text: upon the folded portion of the cap remaining between the said blocks and the walls
of the punch, which pressure will so combine and consolidate the folded material as
to form a uniform and durable flange.
In place of the above described arrangement of sections, I substitute in some
instances a thick steel spring, coned inside to slide upon a solid cone in place of the
pyramid, and of a form outside requisite to fit the punch or upper hollow die above
described. This spring is scarfed or overlapped at its junction to avoid leaving a
gap in expanding.
Further I also employ a flat spring scarfed or overlapped to cover the gaps left
by the expanded sections, as in the drawing left with the Provisional Specification.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
The application of an expanding core for the purpose of obtaining lateral move-
ment and pressure at the inside of caps and other hollow-shaped articles, etc. by
the conversion of perpendicular motion and force into lateral motion and force, the
object of such conversion in the case instanced being to give a permanent form and
set to the folded edges of caps etc. made in paper, strawboard, and analogous
substances, but being equally applicable to all cases in which such lateral movement
is desired.
Dated this 17th day of May 1901
WILLIAM LOVE,
Applicant.