Improvements in Machines for Printing Designs in Correct Register on both Sides of Fabrics at One Operation.
Year: 1886

page_text: Improvements in Machines for Printing Designs in Correct
Register on both Sides of Fabrics at One Operation.
PETER BROWN WILSON Dyer & Finisher Stuart Street Shawlands Glasgow do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to 'be as follows:-
A
The drawings illustrate the principle I claim for printing on both sides. The
cloth gets, printed on one side by roller A then it is taken round roller A, and
entered on to roller B, which is engraved the exact reverse of A-it goes round
roller and takes its impression on the other side of the cloth when it reaches the
nip between B & H. The cloth by this arrangement is never allowed to get slack,
as these rollers are all worked with pressure. Good and to all practical purposes
accurate printing is secured on both sides of the cloth, which till now has not
been done and it is a very much desired thing. The usual wheel arrangement &
blanket & grey arrangement is same as in usual printing machines. Sketch No. 2.
shows the principle as applied to a 2 colour pattern for printing on both sides.
C is cloth as it enters & D is after printing.
1

page_text: Improvements in Machines for Printing Designs in Correct
Register on both sides of Fabrics at One Operation.
I PETER BROWN WILSON, Dyer and Finisher, of Stuart Street, Shawlands,
Glasgow, do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINES FOR PRINTING DESIGNS IN CORRECT REGISTER ON BOTH SIDES OF FABRICS
AT ONE OPERATION, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
-
In machines for printing designs on both sides of fabrics at one operation as at
present constructed it is difficult to print the pattern accurately or in correct
register.
20
My invention consists in certain improvements in machines of the class named,
the object of my improvements being to overcome this difficulty..
In applying my improvements to a single colour printing machine I employ
two bowls and two engraved printing rollers one of the latter for each side of the
fabric. A convenient arrangement is to mount the two engraved rollers adjustably
in a suitable frame and gear them together one roller being preferably placed
above the other and almost in contact with it; above the top roller and in contact
with it is mounted one bowl and below the lower roller is the other bowl.
The fabric to be printed on both sides is passed between the bowl and one.
printing roller and so gets printed on one side, it is then taken partly round the
first roller between the two rollers partly round the second roller and between
the latter and its bowl where it gets printed on the other or reverse side and is
ready to pass to the drying machine.
**
I
The fabric by this arrangement is never allowed to get slack as it is always
under tension between both the nips or printing points consequently good and to
all practical purposes accurate printing is secured as the pattern on each side of
the fabric will agree in position.
I have described my Invention as applied to a single colour printing machine
but it is obvious that more colours can be printed by employing an additional
printing roller or rollers as required placed around each bowl.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect I will describe the accompanying three Sheets of Drawings, reference
being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a front elevation and Fig. 2 an end elevation of a single colour
printing machine embodying my improvements. Fig. 3 is an end elevation and
Fig. 4 a sectional end elevation illustrating. my Invention as applied to a two
colour printing machine.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
In Figa 1 and 2.-a is the frame of the machine; b b¹ are the two bowls which
have the usual blanket and grey arrangements as in ordinary printing machines;
c is an engraved printing roller for printing on one side of the fabric and d is the

page_text: reversely engraved roner for printing on-the other side; e e' are the colour boxes;
ff the colour doctors and g g¹ the lint doctors.
In the two colour machines illustrated by Figs. 2 and 3 I employ two additional
printing rollers c and d with their respective colour boxes e e, colour doctors f' f'
5 and lint doctors g³ g³..
7
;
In both machines the lower printing roller c is supported in bearings h which
are free to be moved by means of adjusting screws in two directions horizontally
to adjust the roller c but cannot be moved vertically. The upper printing
roller d is supported in open bearings i adjustable vertically by means of screws j
one of which is shown in Fig. 3.
The bowl b has its bearings in two blocks k which are held in slideways in the
frame a and are capable of adjustment vertically to and from the axis of the
roller c by means of the screws l. The bowl b¹ is similarly supported in blocks k¹
adjustable vertically to and from the axis of the roller & by means of screws
The additional printing rollers cand d in the two colour machine are each held
in sliding blocks o and o³ respectively and are capable of adjustment to and from
their several bowls by means of screws p p.
The rollers c and d are both driven at the same speed from the same driving
shaft g on which is fixed the wheel q¹ which drives a wheel q' on the shaft of the
roller d the wheel q³ being geared with a box wheel q³ fixed on the roller shaft c.
The bowls bb are driven by frictional contact from their respective printing
rollers.
When additional printing rollers are employed I mount a spur wheel loosely on
the shaft of each bowl and gear each of these spur wheels with its additional roller
or rollers so that all the rollers are driven at the same surface speed from the
same shaft q.
In the single colour machine, Figs. 1 and 2, the fabric enters the machine at
and passes partly round the bowl b to the nip between it and the roller o thus
getting printed on one side; the fabric then passes between the two rollers c and d
which bear but lightly upon it to the nip between the roller d and the bowl b¹ thus
getting printed on the other side, the printed fabric passing out of the machine
at y.
In some cases it may be found advantageous to so adjust the two printing
rollers c and d that they nip or bear with pressure upon the fabric passing between
them but during my experiments I have obtained the best results with the said
rollers set just clear of contact so that they bear with little or even no pressure
upon the fabric,
In the two colour machine, Figs. 3 and 4, the fabric has the first colour on one
side printed between c¹ and b, the second colour on the same side between c and b,
the first colour on the other side between d and 61 and the second colour between
d and b¹.
For a three colour machine, two additional printing rollers one for each side of
the fabric would be required and so on for each additional colour two additional
printing rollers each additional roller being driven from the same or a similar
carrier wheel on the shaft of each bowl,
The chief advantage obtained by printing fabrics in my improved machine is
that the strain upon the fabric during the operation of printing is continuous and
uniform the fabric never being allowed to get slack and thus the designs are
produced in correct register upon both sides of the fabric at one operation.
I would have it clearly understood that I do not limit myself to the exact
details herein described and shown as the same may be varied or modified without
departing from the nature of my Invention which consists essentially in so
arranging the printing rollers and bowls of a printing machine that the fabric
to be printed is stretched upon the said rollers and bowls and remains in contact
with one or other of them until the operation of printing upon both sides has been
completed,

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that.
what I claim is-
1. In machines for printing designs in correct register on both sides of fabrics
at one operation arranging the bowls and printing rollers in such manner that the
fabric to be printed is stretched upon and does not leave the said bowls and rollers
until after it has been printed upon both sides substantially as herein set forth.
2. In a single colour machine for printing fabrics on both sides at one operation
driving both the printing rollers at the same surface speed from the same driving
shaft without the use of any intermediate or carrier wheels substantially as herein
Bet forth.
3. In a two or other greater number colour machine for printing fabrics on
both sides at one operation driving the additional printing rollers at the same
surface speed from the same driving shaft by a carrier wheel or wheels on the shaft
of each bowl substantially as herein set forth.
4. The several combinations and arrangements of parts constituting my improve-
ments in printing machines for printing fabrics on both sides substantially as and
for the purposes herein described and as illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.
Dated this 3rd day of November 1886.