A PRESSURE GOVERNOR OR PROAL
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Gascoigne Lynde, junior, of No. 37,
Great George Street, in the City and Liberty of Westminster,
Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "A PRESSURE GOVERNOR OR
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Gascoigne
Lynde at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 8th September 1853.
I, JAMES GASCOIGNE LYNDE, junior, of No. 37, Great George Street,
in the City and Liberty of Westminster, Civil Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention of "A PRESSURE GOVERNOR OR
SELF-ACTING APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE FLOW OF WATER" to be as
follows, that is to say:-
I place a tank on the line of pipes, and in this tank a vertical pipe
containing two pistons connected by a rod, to which is attached a float
which rises and falls with the water in the tank. In the lower part of
the vertical pipe are openings through which the water issues into the

page_text: tank.
As the water rises and carries the float the openings are
gradually closed without that shock in the pipes which would be caused
by a too sudden check of the flow of water. The two pistons are so
placed in the vertical pipe that the pressure of the water is counter-
balanced, and the flow of the incoming water regulated, so that a uniform
flow of water out of the tank may be obtained.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Gascoigne Lynde in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 8th March 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
JAMES GASCOIGNE LYNDE, junior, of No. 37, Great George Street, in
the City and Liberty of Westminster, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said James Gascoigne Lynde, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, Her especial license that I,
the said James Gascoigne Lynde, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said James Gascoigne Lynde, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention of "A
PRESSURE GOVERNOR OR SELF-ACTING APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE FLOW
OF WATER," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
James Gascoigne Lynde, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said. Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that 1, the said James Gascoigne Lynde, junior,
do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement (that is to say):
My Invention of "A Pressure Governor or Self-acting Apparatus
for Regulating the Flow of Water" has for its object the regulating of
the flow by the pressure of the fluid acting on two connected pistons or
surfaces of the same or different areas, thus neutralizing the effect of
the
pressure of the fluid, which pistons or surfaces are also acted upon
by a float which rises and falls with the fluid in a reservoir or other re-
ceptacle, the check to the passage of the fluid being either sudden or
gradual, according to the shape of the openings in that part of the
apparatus in which the pistons act, which objects, when the pressure or
head of water is considerable, have been very imperfectly attained by
taps, ball cocks, and apparatus hitherto in use.
The accompanying Drawing shews on a scale of half an inch to a
foot the arrangements which I employ on a line of main or aqueduct
pipe for the above purpose. Figures 1, 2, and 3, are a plan, a longi-
tudinal and a transverse section, of a tank or receptacle placed in
connection with the line of pipes for the supply of water. In this tank
is a vertical pipe containing two pistons connected by a rod and car-
rying a float, as shewn distinctly in Figures 4, and 5. If the water be
maintained at a constant level in the tank, as shewn on the Drawing
by the high-water line, the flow of water out of the tank will be uniform,
and not affected by the head or pressure due to the height of the
source from which the water is obtained. The float is adjusted so as
to rise and fall with the water in the tank, and as the surface of the
water falls from the draught on the lower portion of the main the
pistons fall with it, and the openings in the vertical pipe are gradually
uncovered, and allow the water to flow from the upper part of the main
whereby a constant supply is ensured in the lower portions of the main
at a pressure not greater than that due to the height of the water in the
tank. When the draught in the lower part of the main ceases the
float in the tank rises, and the openings are so shaped that the closing
of them is very gradual, and thus any injurious effect from the too

page_text: sudden stopping of the water is effectually guarded against. The shape
of these openings may be varied according to the situation in which the
apparatus is placed. The apparatus may also be employed on a smaller
scale in the place of the ordinary ball cock or tap, and may be applied
to other fluids besides water, and the pistons or surfaces against which
the pressure acts may be made in one piece, or may be connected
together by a hollow or solid rod or tube, with or without opening.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I hereby declare that I do not
claim the use of any of the parts represented in the Drawing herein
referred to when taken separately; but I claim the combination of
apparatus for regulating the flow of water or other fluids, as above
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Gascoigne Lynde, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of March, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-
four.
JAMES G. LYNDE, J. (L.S.)