IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERS
Year: 1884

page_text: I EDWARD MARTIN KNIGHT, of 76 St. Domingo Vale, Everton, Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster, Machinery Agent do hereby declare the nature of my said
invention, for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERS" to be as follows:-
This invention consists of improved construction of apparatus, employed for
containing the filtering medium, and for preventing the displacement thereof, and
securing the percolation of the water, or liquid, through the filtering medium, when
under operation of filtration.
The apparatus I employ, for containing the charcoal or other filtering medium,
will be of configuration or shape, according to its containing vessel, by preference,
I use a cylinder, and in some cases, I raise the bottom of the cylinder, so as to form
therein, a concentric cone, and perforate the latter to near its apex, the perforated
part, is enclosed by a wrapping, or covering, of Asbestos cloth, or other fabric-I then
apply fine charcoal or other filtering medium, to the cloth covering, as is well
understood, and next fill in the space, between the cylinder and cone with granular
or course filtering medium-Upon the apex of the cone is an air tubo having a
perforated or open work flange or disc of size equal to the interior of the cylinder
the disc is to prevent agitation of filtering medium when water is admitted.
In such construction there is not any joint at which leakage or unfiltered water
or liquid can pass.
It will be understood, that the cylinder, and cone, may both be perforated, the
bottom of the cylinder being solid, the water passing from its containing vessel,
through the perforations of the cylinder, through the filtering medium, through the
Asbestos covering, and perforations of the cone, to the interior thereof, thence by pipe
to the filtered reservoir, and that when granular, filtering medium only is used, the
containing cylinder, being perforated, will admit the water from the outside, and
through the filtering medium to the discharge pipe at the bottom or that the
water may be introduced to the interior of the filtering medium containing
cylinder and pass through by way of the perforations to the reservoir below.
The construction of apparatus as described, obviates all difficulties in the removal,
cleansing, and replenishing, the charcoal or filtering medium and it will be under-
stood, that two or more of such appliances, may be contained within one main
receiver, or outer casing, according to the amount of water to be filtered, within
a given time.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I EDWARD MARTIN KNIGHT, of 76 St. Domingo Valo, Everton, Liverpool in the
County of Lancaster, Machinery Agent, do hereby declare the nature of my said.
invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERS" and in what manner the same is to bo
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention consists of improved construction of apparatus, employed for
containing the filtering medium, and for preventing the displacement thereof and
Becuring the percolation of the water or liquid, through the filtering medium when
under operation of filtration.
Such being the nature and object of my said invention, the following is a
complete description of same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings
forming a part of this specification in which:-
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a filter for domestic use and constructed
according to this my said invention.
Figs. 2 and 3 are of parts removed in order to shew clearly the construction
thereof.
Figs 4 and 5 are sectional elevations of like filters applied to a water bottle.
The apparatus I employ for containing the charcoal or other filtering medium
will be of configuration or shape according to its containing vessel, by preference,
I use a cylinder 1, and in some cases, I raise the bottom of the cylinder, so as to
form therein, a concentric cone 2, and perforate the latter as at 3, to near its
apex 4, the perforated part, is enclosed by a wrapping, or covering of Asbestos
cloth, or other fabric-I then apply fine charcoal or other filtering medium, to
the cloth covering, as is well understood, and next fill in the space 6 between the
cylinder and cone with granular or coarse filtering medium-Upon the apex of tho
cone is an air tube over which is fitted a tube 7 carrying a perforated or open work
flange or disc 8 of size equal to the interior of the cylinder 1, the disc 8 is to
prevent agitation of filtering medium, when water is admitted and is provided
with recesses in its periphery so as to admit its passing the projections of the
cylinder 1 and on being turned to the right or left is locked as will be understood.
In such construction there is not any joint at which leakage or unfiltered water
or liquid can pass-1 and 2 being one piece.
It will be understood that the cylinder 1 and cone 2 may both be perforated the
bottom of the cylinder being solid seo Fig. 4 the water passing from its containing
vessel 9 through the perforations of the cylinder 1 through the filtering medium
through the Asbestos covering and perforations 3 of the cone 2 to the interior
thereof thence by pipe 5 to the filtered reservoir 10 and that when granular filtering
medium only is used the containing cylinder 1, being perforated will admit the
water from the outside and through the discharge pipe 5 or through the filtering
medium at the bottom or that the water may be introduced to the bell top
cylinder 9 and pass by way of the perforations in the cylinder 1 and through the
medium 4, thence by the pipe 5 to the reservoir 10 below as shown at Fig. 5 in
which a is the bell top containing water to be filtered, b. the lid, c perforated knob,

page_text: d the filtering medium box, e perforated boss of the filtered water receiver-The
parts a. d. c. are made in one piece-The water passes from the bell top a, through
perforations c, through medium cylinder d, by the perforations in the boss e, to the
reservoir f, (as shown by arrows).
The construction of apparatus as described obviates all difficulties in the removal
cleansing and replenishing the charcoal or filtering medium, and it will be under-
stood that two or more of such appliances may be contained within one main
receiver or outer casing according to the amount of water to. be filtered within a
given time.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I would have it
understood that I do not claim any of the parts considered separately, I declaro
that what I claim is
The construction of filters wherein is employed a perforated cone within and
forming part of the filtering medium containing cylinder, the cone and cylinder
being in one piece, and as and for the purpose herein described and illustrated by
the drawings annexed.