Improvements in and relating to Screw Bolts.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Feb., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 16th Nov., 1894-Accepted, 16th Feb., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION."
Improvements in and relating to Screw Bolts.
JOHN HASTWELL Joiner, 10, Carr Street Burnley, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
These improvements in and relating to screw bolts consists of two swells or more,
these swells when fixed in a hole of any material will swell out and bind the article
applied to firmer than the bolts or screws at present used. Referring to the
drawings the screw binder consists of two wedge shaped binders, A A, one at each
end of an iron bolt or bar B with a thread at end. The binders are over-lapped by
two or more swells, C C. The action of the thread draws the binders together and
thus causes the swells to expand. The whole is held together by an india-rubber
ring.
The invention consist of a new fastener designed to be used in the place of screw
bolts coach screws lewis bolts gudgeons and screws as a mode of fastening iron,
stone, brick, wood, and marble together and is applicable to the following uses:
To take the place of the bolts or coach screws for connecting curved ribs or
brackets of iron or wood to roof principals and for fixing iron shoes to principals to
receive purlins.
To take the place of joint and foot bolts to roof principals partitions and other
framing in carpentry were such bolts are used also for securing iron straps to roof
principals partitions and other timber framings where bolts or screws are used to
fasten the same.
Applicable also in the place of bolts in the fixing of iron brackets to brick and
timber or for fastening iron plates brackets and hold fast to iron brick or stone or
marble.
Applicable to the uses of coach screws or bolts for fastening iron pillars to wood
beams or to iron girders as in Figure 1 also for fixing pillars of iron or machinery
or engins down to stone beds or bases in the place of through bolts or lewis bolts
thereby dispencing with the useses of fixing same with lead or sulphur.
May also be used for connecting fish plates to joints of wood beams. Also for
flitch plates between two beams and for securing rail chairs to sleepers for railways
or tramways in the place of spike nails.
Applicable to be used in the place of gudgeons and catch plates for gates or doors
in Fig. 2 or where such doors or gates are hung to stone or brick thereby dispensing
with the use of fixing same with lead or sulphur also for fixing iron railings
to stone bases dispensing with the uses of lead or sulphur as a means of fastening
the same.
May be used as a means of fixing door frames to stone or brick walls in the place
of snipe bills as shown in Fig. 3 there by doing away with lead or sulphur as a
means of fastening the same may also be used to connect timber to walls of stone
brick or to any iron beam or pillar.
May also be used to joint timbers together end to end as door frames in the place
of joint bolts having two nuts also for connecting hand rails of wood together or of
any curved or straight timbers end to end.

page_text: Applicable also for fixing iron brackets for fire escapes to the outside of buildings
instead of through bolts weather such walls are of brick or stone also for fixing iron
brackets to timber iron stone or marble.
To be used as a means of fixing rain water or other pipes to buildings to take
the place of spike nails thereby doing away with the pluging of the walls with
timber to get a fastening.
Also for fixing iron rails over door openings into wood brick stone or iron for
doors to hang upon and for fixing pulley hangers to doors in place of screws and
for securing guide rollers to the floors for such doors doing away with the uses of
lead or sulphur.
May be used as a means of fixing brackets and stay lines to post and walls. Also
as a ready means of lifting stones in the place of lewis bolts.
Applicable also for fixing lavatory basins marble slabs to brick or stone walls
and for securing slate cisterns together, for fixing stable fittings as mangers racks,
ring bolts boskin post to walls or floors.
For fixing pipes bearers into walls or hanging rods into ceilings for pipe of
any description and for fixing hook rails door casing sign boards to walls of brick
stone in the place of screws or holdfast.
1004
JOHN HASTWELL.
I, JOHN HASTWELL, 10 Carr Street Burnley, Joiner, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The invention consists of a new screw bolt that upon being screwed up will bind
itself into any firm material such as iron, stone, and wood. It is intended to
supersede the use of lead, sulphur, wood, or. other plugging in order to get a
fastening.
The screw bolt is made either of steel, malleable iron, wrought iron, copper or
brass, and is of all shapes, round, square, oval, octogan or other shape.
The screw bolt consists in the first place of an iron bolt or bar with a thread at
the end, B (Sheet 1 & 2). Upon the neck of this bolt or bar is placed a wedge-
shaped nut, A (Sheet 1). This nut is without thread and is intended to remain
stationary while the bolt is being turned round. Upon the end of the bolt or bar
is screwed a wedge-shaped nut, A. 1 (Sheet 1).
The bolt B, (Sheet 1 & 2) and the wedge-shaped nuts, A & A 1 (Sheet 1) are
partially over-lapped by two or more swells, C, C (Sheet 1).
These swells C, C (Sheet 1) are in the middle half tubular in shape, and taper
off to a round point. When in position, the middle of the swells meets round the
bolt and the points rest on the wedge parts of the nuts. The whole is held together
by one or more india-rubber rings or springs D (Sheet 1 & 2).
In some cases the wedge shaped nut, A. (Sheet 1) is blended with the swells
Fig. 1 (Sheet 2).
The swells C, C (Fig. 2 Sheet 2) then look as if the wedge-shaped nut A,
(Sheet 1) had been split in two and each half welded on to the end of the swells.
When the bolt is placed in a hole and the head of the bolt turned round, the nuts
and swells remain stationery; the action of the thread draws up the wedge-shaped
nut A (Sheet 1 & 2) and thus causes the swells to expand and bind the bolt firmly
in the hole.
This invention is intended to take the place of lewis bolts, snipe bills,
gudgeons, coach screws, and such.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,
That this screw bolt when screwed up will expand and bind in any firm material,
without plugging the hole to get a fastening.
Dated this Fifth day of February 1895.
JOHN HASTWELL,
Applicant.