An Improved Compound or Body for the Manufacture of Pigments, Applicable also to the Purposes for which White Lead is Ordinarily Used, and as a Material for the Manufacture of Articles Usually Made of Clay.
Year: 1885

page_text: An Improved Compound or Body for the Manufacture of Pigments,
Applicable also to the Purposes for which White Lead is
Ordinarily Used, and as a Material for the Manufacture of
Articles Usually Made of Clay.
I, ALFRED JOHN WARD of 128 Palace Chambers Westminster Architect do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for "AN IMPROVED COMPOUND OR
BODY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PIGMENTS APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE PURPOSES
FOR WHICH WHITE LEAD IS ORDINARILY USED AND AS A MATERIAL FOR THE
MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES USUALLY MADE OF CLAY" to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object to produce an improved compound or "body"
for the manufacture of pigments applicable also to the purposes for which white
lead is ordinarily used, such for instance as a putty for stopping pipe joints or for
any other analogous use to which it is or may be applicable."
The compound is also applicable for use as a material for the manufacture of
articles usually made of clay or pottery ware.
According to my Invention I take powdered slate or the equivalent, preferably
selecting that which is known as "slate debris" and I mix with it mica or other
equivalent earthy matter or clay which when mixed with the slate will reduce the
objectionable color of slate debris in its natural state. I prefer to use the mica
which is at present a waste or bye product of the manufacture of china clay and
I add to these, for the production of pigments or stopping or putty, oxide of lead,
such as is known as white lead, but I may use the aforesaid compound without the
white lead for the manufacture of bricks, pottery ware or articles usually made of
clay's. If the powdered slate be not readily or cheaply procurable, and the mica
(or the like) can be more readily obtained the mica (or the like) can be used for
addition to white lead without the slate. I select as preferable the forms of slate
and mica to which I have referred as they are at present refuse or waste materials
cheaply procurable in sufficient quantity and in a state which does away or in
great part does away with grinding. The ingredients are thoroughly incorporated
and treated if necessary to thoroughly reduce them and separate any injurious
öreign bodies and when the white lead is used and the compound is mixed with a
uitable vehicle it forms a good body for pigments or a filling or the like for any
f the purposes for which white lead is used."
The discolored mica that may be in the slate may be removed previously to using
t, according to this Invention."

page_text: An Improved Compound or Body for the Manufacture of Pigments,
Applicable also to the Purposes for which White Lead is
Ordinarily Used, and as a Material for the Manufacture of
J, ALFRED JOHN WARD, of 128 Palace Chambers, Westminster, Architect, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention has for its object to produce an improved compound or "body"
for the manufacture of pigments applicable also to the purposes for which white
lead is ordinarily used, such for instance as a putty for stopping pipe joints, or for
any other analogous use to which it is, or may be, applicable. The compound is
also applicable for use as a material for the manufacture of pottery ware, or articles
usually made of clay.
According to my invention I take powdered slate or other equivalent, preferably
selecting that which is known as "slate debris," and I mix with it mica, or other
equivalent earthy matter, or clay, which when mixed with the slate, will reduce
the objectionable color of slate debris in its natural state. I prefer to use the mica
which is at present a waste or bye product of the manufacture of china clay.
For the production of pigments, or stopping, or putty, I add one or other of the
oxides of lead to the slate debris, and mica, above mentioned. If the powdered
slate be not readily or cheaply procurable, and the mica or the like can be more
readily obtained, the mica or the like can be used for addition to white lead without
the slate.
The proportion of slate debris must be varied according to the color of the
slate debris, and also according to the quality and colour of the paint required to
be made.
The ingredients are thoroughly incorporated, and treated, if necessary, to
thoroughly reduce them, and separate any injurious foreign bodies, and when the
compound is mixed with a suitable vehicle, it forms a good body for pigments, or
a filling, or the like, for any of the purposes for which white lead is used. The
discoloured mica that may be in the slate, may be removed previously to using it.
I use the compound aforesaid, but without the addition of white lead, for the
manufacture of bricks, pottery ware, or articles usually made of clay; and when
the slate debris is mixed with mica, or clay, preferably china clay, for the manu-
facture of bricks, tiles, or other plastic articles, I use the compound in the same
way as clay is now treated, either by the dry, semi-dry, semi-plastic or plastic,
processes, and with, or without the use of machinery, and I dry them, or bake
them, in accordance with the processes by which the articles are manufactured,
whether in a kiln or otherwise.
Bricks and tiles made from this compound, will be found to be hard and
durable.

page_text: I select as preferable, the forms of slate and mica, to which I have referred, as
they are at present refuse, or waste materials, cheaply procurable in sufficient
quantity, and in a state which does away, or in great part does away, with
grinding.
The proportion of mica with slate debris as a composition, must greatly depend
upon the districts from which the materials are drawn, but at least 50 per cent
must be slate debris, the other proportions may vary from 25 to 50 per cent, as the
case may be, and according to the articles to be made..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1 The combination of mica, or clay, and oxide of lead, either with or without,
slate debris, as a compound or body for the manufacture of pigments, applicable
also to the purposes for which white lead is ordinarily used, substantially as herein
set forth.
2nd The combination of slate debris and mica, or clay; or slate debris, mica,
and clay, as a material for the manufacture of articles usually made of clay,
substantially as set forth.