CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN STRETCHING, DRESSING, AND FINISHING COTTON AND LINEN YARNS OR THREADS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Murton, of Eagley Mills, near Bolton,
in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, and William Hatton
Langshaw, of the same place, Manager, for the Invention of
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN STRETCHING, DRESSING, AND FINISHING
COTTON AND LINEN YARNS OR THREADS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH.”
Sealed the 24th June 1853, and dated the 2nd May 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Murton
and W. H. Langshaw at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 2nd May 1858.
We, GEORGE MURTON, of Eagley Mills, near Bolton, in the County
of Lancaster, Manufacturer, and WILLIAM HATTON LANGSHAW, of the
same place, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STRETCHING, DRESSING, AND FINISHING COTTON
AND LINEN YARNS OR THREADS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
CONNECTED THEREWITH," to be as follows:-

page_text: The Invention relates to a peculiar and novel method of stretching,
dressing, and finishing such yarns or threads whilst they are being
wound from one set of bobbins on to another; tho said object being
accomplished by means of the following machinery or apparatus:-The
bobbins of yarn or thread being arranged or mounted in a suitable
creel or frame, the threads are passed through a coarse reed, and over
a guide roller, under another guide roller placed in a trough containing
a sizcing liquor, composed of size, wax, and other ingredients, according
to the nature of the threads under operation. The threads then pass
between a pair of solid iron squeezing rollers, covered with felt or other
suitable material, in order to remove all superfluous size, &c. The
threads then pass through a series of open reeds, and stationary brushes,
placed alternately, for a space of ten or twelve feet (more or less) to the
drawing rollers. The brushes nearest to the squeezing rollers for a
certain distance are enclosed by means of a cover, and between them are
placed steam pipes or tubes, and beneath them rotary fans. The draw-
ing rollers are formed of solid iron, and covered with felt or other
suitable material, and are caused to revolve faster than the squeezing
rollers, by means of gearing. The threads pass from the drawing rollers
to the second set of bobbins, which are mounted upon vertical revolving
spindles, the bobbins being weighted, and resting upon cloth or felt
washers. As the threads pass from one set of bobbins to the other,
they are first sized and waxed, the squeezing rollers returning the super-
fluous size back to the trough; they then pass through the stationary
brushes, which lay the fibres even and smooth, at the same time that
the fans cause a current of heated air to pass through and dry the
threads; and the drawing rollers revolving quicker than the squeezing
roller simultaneously stretches the threads, and keeps them in a proper
state of tension.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Murton and W. H. Langshaw in the
Great Seal Patent Office, on the 2nd November 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we,
GEORGE MURTON, of Eagley Mills, near Bolton, in the County of
Lancaster, Manufacturer, and WILLIAM HATTON LANGSHAWE, of the
same place, Manager, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Second day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the sixteenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said George Murton and William Hatton
Langshawe, Her special license that we, the said George Murton and
William Hatton Langshawe, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said George Murton and William Hatton
Langshawe, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN STRETCHING, DRESSING, AND FINISHING
COTTON AND LINEN YARNS OR THREADS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPA-
RATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," upon the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said George Murton and William Hatton Langshawe, or one
of us, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or
under the hand and seal of one of us, should particularly describe the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Murton, do hereby
leclare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
n and by the following statement and accompanying Drawings (that
s to say):

page_text: Our improvements in stretching, dressing, and finishing cotton and
linen yarns or threads, and in the machinery or apparatus connected
therewith, relate to a peculiar and novel method of stretching, dressing,
and finishing such yarns or threads, whilst they are being wound from
one set of bobbins on to another, the said object being accomplished
by means of the suitable machinery or apparatus hereafter particularly
described. The bobbins of yarn or thread being arranged or mounted
in a suitable creel or frame, the threads are passed through a coarse reed
and over a guide roller, under another guide roller, placed in a trough
containing a sizing liquor, composed of size, wax, and other ingredients,
according to the nature of the threads under operation. The threads
then pass between a pair of solid iron squeezing rollers, covered with
felt or other suitable material, in order to remove all superfluous size,
&c. The threads now proceed through a series of open reeds and
stationary brushes, placed alternately, and extending for a space of ten
or twelve feet (more or less) to the drawing or delivering rollers.
Those brushes which are nearest to the squeezing rollers for a certain
distance are enclosed by means of a cover, and contiguous to them are
placed steam pipes or tubes or chests, and beneath them may be placed
rotary fans, or air-draught flues. The drawing rollers are formed of
solid iron, and covered with felt or other suitable material, and are
caused to revolve faster than the squeezing rollers, by means of gearing.
The threads pass from the drawing rollers to the second set of bobbins,
which are mounted upon vertical revolving spindles at the delivering
end of the apparatus, the bobbins being weighted, and resting upon
cloth or felt washers. As the threads pass from one set of bobbins to
the other, they are first sized and waxed, the squeezing rollers returning
the superfluous size back to the trough. They then pass through the
stationary brushes, which lay the fibres even and smooth, at the same
time that a current of heated air is caused to pass through and dry the
threads; and as the drawing or delivering rollers revolve quicker than
the squeezing or entering rollers, the threads are thus kept in a proper
state of tension, and are simultaneously stretched or held distended
during the operation of dressing and finishing.
In order more particularly to illustrate the method of carrying our

page_text: Invention into practical effect, we have attached to these presents a
sheet of Drawings, representing the machinery or apparatus employed,
and also the yarn or thread under the various operations of the same,
and drawn upon a scale of about one inch and a quarter to the fout.
Figure 1, represents a longitudinal clevation, and Figure 2, a sectional
elevation of the machinery. The apparatus is supported in side frames
or standards a, a, a, a, having cross and end frames, and being about five
feet apart, such width of the machine being regulated according to the
number of threads or yarns upon which it may be found convenient to
operate. The yarns b, b, b, b, indicated by the red line throughout the
machine, proceed from the creel of bobbins passing through the coarse
reed c, over the guide roller d, under the guide roller e, into and
through the trough of size d*, and between the two squeezing rollers
ff. These rollers are covered with felt, and prevent any extraneous
amount of sizing matter passing further into the machinery. The yarns
now pass through another dividing reed g, into a chamber h, h, h;
this chamber has a moveable lid or cover at the top, and is furnished
with a perforated zinc plate, or other open bottom, i, i, i, admitting the
air passing through the air shaft or trunk k, k, k, which is heated in
its passage by means of the contiguous steam chests or chambers I, 1,
connected by the steam pipes m, m. The yarn now passes over and
under a series of stationary brushes n, m, n, n, under the holding-down
rollers o, o, and over or through the reeds p, p, and also over the revolv-
ing brushes 1,9, when the yarns leave the hot chamber through the
exit opening at the end, again passing over the revolving brushes r, 1,
through another reed s, and over a heated tin cylinder t. This cylinder
is covered with a thin body of wax upon its outer surface, is heated with
steam, and thus lightly waxes the yarns as they pass over it. The yarns
next proceed over another hot cylinder u, driven fast and in a contrary
direction, which has the effect of melting the wax and rendering the
yarns capable of being polished, and finished with brilliancy and snooth-
uess by the revolving polishing brush v. The yarns thus finished pass
through a reed w, over a guide roller æ, between the friction or tension
rollers y, y, y, (which are furnished at one end with pullies and friction
bands, to increase or diminish the friction, each separate yarn or thread

page_text: being wound upon a separate bobbin mounted in a creel placed at the
finishing end of the machine; power for driving the apparatus being
communicated from the main driving pully, through suitable gearing.
and straps, as represented in the Figures, and capable of being easily
thrown in and out of gear at either end of the machine, by means of
the hand levers 1, 1, and any convenient arrangement of connecting
rods or links 2, 2.
Having thus particularly described our improvements in stretching,
dressing, and finishing cotton and linen yarns or threads, and in the
machinery or apparatus connected therewith, we desire it to be under-
stood, that we claim the above-nained and described improvements as
of our Invention, and also the peculiar arrangement and construction of
apparatus for performing the same, as herein particularly set forth, and
exhibited in the Drawings attached.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Murton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this First day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-threc.
GEORGE MURTON.
(L.S.)