Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Nov., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 11th Aug., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 14th Sept., 1888
I, JOHN WHITWORTH LORD, of Fairfield Road Bow, in the County of Middlesex
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:---
This Invention relates to a process of treating oils generally and more particularly
fish oils, with the object of purifying and liberating them from unpleasant odours.
Assuming that I am treating fish oil-I take it as it leaves the press in which it
has been extracted from the fish, and introduce it into a worm, or coil, or any suitable
arrangement of pipes; in which I may introduce perforated or partially perforated
discs or diaphragms in any convenient position in the tube. The disc or diaphragın
may be a fixture, or so constructed as to be taken out and replaced. And I generally
prefer to use perforated discs or diaphragms.
Simultaneously with the introduction of the oil into the coil or pipes I introduce
therein a stream of water, preferably hot water, or I may use steam, thereby washing
the oil, the odours arising in this operation being carried to the atmosphere by
T pieces connected with syphons, or other suitable connections, and the oil and water
being received in a tank in which they are allowed to settle, the oil rising to the top
and the water carrying all the sediment to the bottom.
To assist the purification and cause the sediment to settle quickly I
may introduce
caustic soda, in a liquid state, and alum into the oil either previously or subsequent to
its passage through the washing coil, in the proportion of say about one per cent. of
caustic soda and half per cent. of alum, but in ali cases when time can be given for
the oil to settle gradually I prefer to dispense with the use of alum or other like
chemical.
The washing may be repeated if required, either through the coil, or by agitators
in the tanks.
The oil having been thus washed, I boil it at a high temperature, and to gain high
boiling points, I prefer when convenient to boil fresh oil in oil that has already been
boiled at a high temperature, as much depends upon temperature to rid the oil of
gluten and other matters which it is desirable to eleminate, particularly in the case of

page_text: oils intended for the lubrication of wool, in which case I entirely avoid the use
of alkali and rely more upon heat and washing.
The oil having been boiled as aforesaid is run into tanks where it is allowed to
settle and the fine oil drawn off from the top for use.
The dimensions of the coil, or arrangement of washing tubes, and the position of
the perforated discs or diaphragms, will vary with the quantity of oil it is desired to
treat at one operation and the volume of water at command, it is however very
desirable that the stream of water be of greater volume than the current of oil passing
through the tubes.
I have described my invention in relation to the treatment of fish oils but I would
have it understood that my process is equally applicable to the purification of other
oils, such for example as Cocoa nut oil.

page_text: Improvements in the Treatment of Oils for their Purification.
I, JOHN WHITWORTH LORD, of Fairfield Road Bow, in the county of Middlesex,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This Invention relates to a process of treating oils generally and more particularly
fish oils, with the object of purifying and liberating them from unpleasant odours.
Assuming that I am treating fish oil:-I take it as it leaves the press in which it has
been extracted from the fish, or from a boiler in which it has been boiled at a high
temperate, and introduce it in this heated state into a tank, or directly into a worm,
or coil, or any suitable arrangement of pipes, in which I may introduce perforated or
partially perforated discs or diaphragms in any convenient position in the tube. The
disc or diaphragm may be a fixture or so constructed as to be taken out and replaced,
and I generally prefer to use perforated discs or diaphragms. Simultaneously with
the introduction of the oil into the coil or pipes I introduce therein a stream of water,
preferably hot water, thereby washing the oil, the odours arising in this operation
being carried to the atmosphere by T pieces connected with syphons, or other suitable
connections, and the oil and water being received in a tank where they are kept in
agitation, by a screw or other agitating device, and from whence they are passed to
a tank in which they are allowed to settle; the oil rising to the top and the water
carrying all sediment to the bottom.
To assist the purification and cause the sediment to settle quickly I may introduce
caustic soda in a liquid state, either alone or together with alum, into the oil, either
previously or subsequent to its passage through the washing coil, in the proportion of
say about one per cent. of Caustic soda and half per cent. of Alum; but in all cases
where time can be given for the oil to settle gradually I prefer to dispense with the
use of Alum or other like chemical.
The washing may be repeated if required either through the coil or by agitators in
the Tanks.
The oil having been thus washed, I boil it at a high temperature, and to gain high
boiling points 1 prefer, when convenient, to boil fresh oil in oil that has already been
boiled at a high temperature (say 250° or upward,) as much depends upon temperature
to rid the oil of gluten and other matters which it is desirable to eliminate, particularly
in the case of oils intended for the lubrication of wool, in which case I entirely avoid
the use of Alkali and rely more upon heat and washing.
The oil having been boiled as aforesaid is run into tanks where it is allowed to
settle and the fine oil drawn off from the top for use.
The accompanying drawing illustrates an arrangement of apparatus which I find
suitable for my process.
A indicates a jacketed oil vat or boiler.
B tank receiving oil from A.

page_text: Cworm or coil receiving oil from tank B; and, simultaneously, water from
tank D.
E perforated diaphragms (one of these diaphragms is shown detached drawn to an
enlarged scale). F outlet pipes for odours liberated from the oil. G tank in which
the oil and water are agitated. 9 agitating screw. H settling tank. I boiling vat
receiving oil from H. K settling and filtering tank from which the oil may be with-
drawn for use.
The dimensions of the coil, or arrangement of washing tubes, and the position of
the perforated discs or diaphragms, will vary with the quantity of oil it is desired to
treat at one operation, and the volume of water at command; it is however very
desirable that the stream of water be of greater volume than the current of oil passing
through the tubes.
I have described my invention in relation to the treatment of fish oils, but I would
have it understood that my process is equally applicable to the purification of other
oils, such for example as Cocoa nut oil.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. The hereinbefore described process of treating oils for their purification, con-
sisting in washing the oil by submitting it in a heated condition, to the action of a
stream of water in a suitable vessel, from which the odours arising from the oil pass
into the atmosphere, the oil and water passing into a tank where they are kept in
agitation, and thence to a settling tank from which the oil is drawn off, again boiled,
and finally filtered, substantially as described.
2. The use in combination with the process claim 1 of Caustic soda, substantially
as described for the purpose specified.
3. The use in combination with the process claim 1 of Caustic Soda and alum,
substantially as described for the purpose specified.
Dated this Eleventh day of August 1888.