Improvements in the manufacture of transparent ice
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Mar., 1886.
Complete Left, 18th Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 28th Jan., 1887.
I WILLIAM WHITWORTH NIGHTINGALE Manager and Secretary of the Universal
Glaciarium and Ice Manufacturing Company Limited of The Glaciarium Southport in
the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
These improvements have reference to the apparatus for "Improvements in the
manufacture of transparent ice" described in the specification of Letters Patent
granted to me the present applicant bearing date the 21st day of October of the year
1884 and the present invention has particular reference to the cups or somewhat
globular vessels therein described for the purpose of raising from and letting fall back
into water being frozen small quantities of that water in order to maintain that
agitation which experience has long shewn to be conducive to the production of
transparent ice.
In some cases it is not impossible for vessels in a series to become frozen before the
majority or some, of the others have become solid or even nearly sufficiently frozen up
and these cups or semi globular vessels being mounted in series on arms carried by
and so as to revolve with an axis extending over and serving for a large number
of moulds, in some cases, the effect of these cups or water scoops continuing to revolve
in those moulds already fully frozen, would be strain on the arms and axes and
possibly fracture.
To avoid these inconveniences I form the cups or water scoops with approximately
flattened sides and with a lip continued along the sides and adapted to act as a scraper
to scrape the forming ice clear of the vessel so as to avert harin and to further secure
the safety of the arms and cups or vessels from strain I either make the arm spring
jointed so that they may give under any excess of strain or I mount the collar which
carries the arms frictionally and a convenient way of carrying this out practically is
to form annular recesses internally of the collar adapted to receive rings of india
rubber within them so that the rubber may frictionally hold the collar or hub to
revolve with the axis except upon excess of pressure occurring when slipping takes
place, screwed or otherwise adjustable collars or pieces may be employed to determine
the extent of endway motion or to adjust position of the hub on the shaft.
By these means any one or more moulds and their sets of arms or cups may be put
out of cooperation at will.
DDAAIZS B CA
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Agents for the said
William Whitworth Nightingale.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Transparent Ice.
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I WILLIAM WHITWORTH NIGHTINGALE Manager and Secretary of the Universal
Glaciarium and Ice Manufacturing Company Limited of The Glaciarium Southport in
the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
These improvements have reference to the apparatus for "Improvements in the
manufacture of transparent ice" described in the specification of Letters Patent
granted to me the present applicant bearing date the 21st day of October of the year
1884 and the present invention has particular reference to the cups or somewhat
globular vessels therein described for the purpose of, raising from and letting fall back
into water being frozen small quantities of that water in order to maintain that
agitation which experience has long shewn to be conducive to the production of
transparent ice.
In some cases it is not impossible for vessels in a series to become frozen before the
majority or some, of the others have become solid or even nearly sufficiently frozen up
and these cups or semi-globular vessels being mounted in series on arms carried by
and so as to revolve with an axis extending over and serving for a large number
of moulds, in some cases, the effect of these cups or water scoops continuing to revolve
in those moulds already fully frozen, would be strain on the arms and axes and
possibly fracture.
To avoid these inconveniences I form the cups or water scoops with approximately
flattened sides and with a lip continued along the sides and adapted to act as a scraper
to scrape the forming ice clear of the vessel so as to avert harin and to further secure
the safety of the arms and cups or vessels from strain I either make the arms spring
jointed so that they may give under any excess of strain or I mount the collar which
carries the arms frictionally and a convenient way of carrying this out practically is
to form annular recesses internally of the collar adapted to receive rings of india
rubber within them so that the rubber may frictionally hold the collar or hub to
revolve with the axis except upon excess of pressure occurring when slipping takes
place, screwed or otherwise adjustable collars or pieces may be employed to determine
the extent of end way motion or to adjust position of the hub on the shaft.
By these means any one or more moulds and their sets of arms or cups may be put
out of cooperation at will.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shews an end view of an axis a carrying two arms a', a' which support
each one of two hollow scoops b, & having flattened sides b', and projecting lips 6,
around the holes through which the scoop fills itself with water by dipping into
the freezing vessel and ojects that water again thereinto on passing the centre of
gravity

page_text: Figures 2 and 3 shew the two scoops b, b separately the dotted lines 1-1,
indicating the positions the arms a', a' would assume if given a quarter revolution.
Figure 4 indicates a section of one of the scoops shewn by Figures 1, 2, and 3.
Figure 5 shews an upper side and Figure 6 an underside view of one such scoop.
Figure 7 shews an end view or view looking from the centre towards the arm a¹.
Figure 8 shews a section of part of the axis a and the frictional centre or boss of
the arms a', a being interioral recesses therein into which are pressed india rubber or
other suitable packing rings c.
At the junction of the arms a' and the tongue pieces of the scoops beach of the
arms a¹ is recessed to receive each one of the tongues and a bolt & passed through
both by the holes a³, 6 and screwed up tightly by a nut d¹ holds them together or the
connection of the scoop and the axis may be by an arm "broken backed" as it is
called in the construction of looms and other machinery or so adjusted by joints with
springs as to bear against a certain pressure but to give way when that is exceeded.
As the axis a rotates it carries round the cups in the direction of the arrow
dipping into the water in its progress and rising out of it lifting its scoop full to be
shot out after reaching its greatest altitude.
When by any chance ice forms in one vessel of a series singularly early and before
the whole of the scoops can be stopped the lips 63 clear away the ice forming too close
to the scoop and form a passage for the scoop and as a further resource if the
formation of ice overtaxes this device then the friction axis or spring jointed arm
comes into play and giving way relieves the pressure by permitting the arms a¹ to
give way and the scoops being bent back or delayed from rotation the axis a continues
to revolve without breakage.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:
The construction or arrangement and use of parts for raising from and delivering
back to vessels or tanks in which ice is being formed in the manufacture of transparent.
ice so that the freezing up of one tank of a series worked by the same shaft shall not
entail breakage of the rotating parts as sot forth.
WM. BROOKES & SUN,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Agents for the Applicant.