Combined Screw and Expanding Core Press for Forming Wood or other Pulp into Hollow Cylinders.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 17th Oct., 1894-Accepted, 1st Dec., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Combined Screw and Expanding Core Press for Forming Wood or
other Pulp into Hollow Cylinders.
I RICHARD HENRY BRUNTON Civil Engineer of 3 Gipsy Road West
Norwood S.E. do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to make from wood or other pulp hollow cylinders
which may afterwards form the sides of barrels canisters, pails, cases for containing
shot or lead powder now used for testing the mountings of ordnance, and for other
purposes.
I employ a rigid cast iron outside cylinder in two portions bolted together to
receive the pressure which I bring from the interior. This is placed on a cradle, a
long screw running through its centre. One half of this screw has a right hand
thread, while the other half has a left hand thread. On each end is screwed a
four way wedge so that when the screw revolves one way the wedges approach
each other, and when the other way they leave each other. The screw is supported
on two standards and fitted with handles. To each of the four wedges is attached
by means of a dove tailed guide a quadrant shaped piece of metal. The outside
surface of this is shaped to the radius of the finished cylinder. When the wedges
are withdrawn, and these pieces come close together, they leave sufficient space
for the wet pulp between them and the outside cylinder. As the wedges approach
they press the quadrants outwards and these, in turn press the pulp to the
requisite hardness. The quadrants, in moving outwards however, leave spaces
between them, and these are covered by tongue pieces working in horizontal
dove-tailed grooves in the quadrants. The tongues being carried out with the
quadrants press the material and in conjunction with the quadrants form a
complete circle, and give an equable pressure all round it.
The merit of my invention is that I get a direct pressure outwards against a
rigid iron cylinder equally to every part of pulp placed in the chamber between the
quadrant pieces & the cylinder; this chamber being kept tight & intact during
the movement outwards by means of tongue pieces sliding in horizontal grooves in
four quadrant pieces.
Dated this 18th January 1894.
R. HENRY BRUNTON,
Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Combined Screw and Expanding Core Press for Forming Wood or
other Pulp into Hollow Cylinders.
I, RICHARD HENRY BRUNTON Civil Engineer, 3 Gipsy Road West Norwood,
London do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The object of this invention is to make from wood or other pulp, hollow cylinders,
which will form the sides of barrels, canisters, pails, cases for containing shot or
lead powder now used for testing the mountings of ordnance, and for other
Durposes.

page_text: In the annexed drawing the invention is illustrated diagramatically.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of the press showing the expanding core shut.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section showing the expanding core open.
Fig. 3 is a plan of the top cover of the press.
Fig. 4 is a plan of cross head guide for main screw shaft.
Fig. 5 is a cross section of press showing the expanding core shut.
Fig. 6 is a cross section showing the expanding core open.
D. D. is an outer rigid cylinder made in two pieces, secured together with
ordinary bolts & nuts, or by other means. Its interior surface is made in grooves
about inch deep marked d. which form channels for the escape of the water
pressed from the pulp. Inside these is placed one or more sheets of perforated
iron marked c. which form the surface against which the pulp is pressed and
drained.
E is a vertical shaft working, at bottom, on a bearing block 9 secured to the
bottom plate of the press marked M-, and working at top in a cross head guide
marked G which is placed on four pins h. h. h. h. screwed into the outer cylinder D.
This vertical shaft is screwed for a certain part of its length at bottom with a
right-handed screw and for the same length near its top with a left-handed screw.
Or vice versa.
A block K K, having a female thread through its centre, works on
each screw, so that when the shaft is turned in one direction by means of the
handle F these blocks approach each other and when turned in the opposite
direction, they recede from each other. The blocks move along four guide
bolts L. L. L. L. which pass from the lower plate M. right through to the cover H.
These guide bolts thereby not only act as guides, but keep the different parts of
the press together. C. C. C. C. arc toggles, four of which are fitted into the
bottom block K and four into the upper block. On these there are small projecting
axles marked a-over which small plates marked bare fastened so preventing the
toggle from leaving its place. The other ends of the toggles are fitted, in the same
manner, into quadrant pieces marked A. A. A. A. which are by them moved out-
wards or inwards, by means of the revolution of the screw shaft. The quadrant
pieces marked A move on horizontal guides fixed on bottom plate, and on top
plate of press marked f.
Attached to the quadrant pieces are four tongue pieces B. B. B. B. These
move outwards or inwards with the quadrant pieces along guides fixed to the top
& bottom plates marked e. e. e. e.
The attachment of these to the quadrants obtained by means of horizontal
V shaped guides on the tongue pieces at top and bottom, working in grooves in
the quadrants of the same shape.
The top plate H secured in place by the bolts L is fitted with four flaps, working
ou hinges which go over the pins h screwed into outer cylinder, and are kept in
place by the catches i. i. i. i.
The operation of the press as above described is as follows:-
Having secured the two portions of the outer cylinder D D together by means of
the fastenings provided, and put in position the inside linings of perforated iron
or other metal, the expanding core is to be moved by the revolution of the vertical
shaft E until it takes the position shown in Figs. 1 and 5. Sufficient space is then
left between the core & the outer cylinder for the wet pulp. This is inserted into
this space by means of force pumps or otherwise through the flap doors in top
cover shewn on Fig. 3.
Having placed in this space such quantity of pulp as is required to give the
necessary thickness to the finished article, the core is expanded by the revolution
of the vertical shaft until it eventually takes the position shown in Figs. 2 and 6
forming in section a complete circle, and the interior of the article pressed. On
completion of the necessary pressing the core is again closed, the bolts securing the
two portions of the outside cylinder are released to the necessary extent, and the
pressed article lifted through the flap doors in top cover.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. In combination with a rigid outside cylinder fitted with the necessary
arrangements for draining the pulp; an expanding core by which the form, in
section, of an exact circle is obtained on expansion, and given to the interior of the
article pressed.
2. The expansion of the core effected by the use of a right and left-handed screw
by means of which a similar movement and pressure are given to both the top &
bottom parts of press.
3. In combination with the right & left-handed screws above described, the
revolution of the vertical pressure, so obtained, into a horizontal, outward,
pressure, acting on the quadrant pieces by means of toggles, wedges, or other
mechanical device.
4. The combination of quadrant pieces and tongue pieces, working between them,.
so that the core, formed by these when expanded, takes the form, in section, of an
exact circle.
5. During the expansion of the core obtaining a direct centrifugal pressure, at
all times, and, at every point, acting against the pulp.
6. The manufacture of cylinders &c. for the various purposes described or for
other purposes, from wood or other pulp, substantially as herein before described
and illustrated with reference to accompanying drawings.
Dated this 18th day of October 1894.
R. HENRY BRUNTON.