A NEW TYPOGRAPHIC INK
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Anatole Auguste Hulot, of the Imperial Mint,
Paris, in the Empire of France, Director of the Engraving Department
for Post Office Stamps, for the Invention of "A NEW TYPOGRAPHIC INK."
Sealed the 13th April 1865, and dated the 6th February 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Anatole Auguste Hulot
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 6th February 1865.
I, ANATOLE AUGUSTE HULOT, of the Imperial Mint, Paris, in the Empire of
France, Director of the Engraving Department for Post Office Stamps, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW TYPOGRAPHIC INK,"
to be as follows, that is to say:-
My Invention consists in the manufacture of a delible or indelible black or
colored ink containing neither fatty substances or water, and applicable to
printing, postage, and other similar typographic stamps or labels, and also to
other printings.
I prepare the ink of my Invention as follows:-Firstly, to compose a non-
fatty varnish capable of being dissolved in water, I melt at a low temperature
(to prevent it rising into froth) two parts in weight of pure honey (for light
colors white honey is more suitable), to which I add two parts of neutral
glycerine at 28°; I agitate the composition, and as soon as it is well mixed
I leave it to cool. The vegetable or mineral colors to be used with this com-
position must be perfectly dried and ground with the utmost care, and then to

page_text: form the ink I add to one part of color thus prepared 4 parts of the above-
described composition, and I work the whole well together. It must be
understood, however, that the above proportions need not be strictly adhered
to, either as regards the composition of the varnish or in its combination with
the colors, the same colors being capable of producing different shades, the 5
darker ones requiring a larger proportion of color, and the lighter shades a
larger proportion of honey.
I have found by practice that the same result may be obtained by working
the colors with the glycerine alone in suitable proportions, and then adding
the raw honey, and mixing the whole together.
I also prepare a second varnish in the same manner as the first by substi-
tuting molasses for the honey; and I would here observe that the first varnish
herein-before described dries rapidly and renders the colors fast, but the
second varnish dries slowly; when mixed in suitable proportions with the first
it gives a lustre to the printing. Any mixture of mucilaginous, gelatinous,
albuminous, or pectinous substances are detrimental to the spreading of the
ink. The colors employed with the typographic varnish can also be used
with the second-described varnish, and nearly all the dry dyeing colors ex-
tracted from wood, carmine, and expecially aniline colors, are well adapted for
printing in a very perfect manner in combination with the honey and glycerine
varnish. The delible black, composed of iron. and tan or gall-nut-acid should
not contain any gum, but should be as neutral as possible. It must be dried
in vacuum at a low temperature, and in order to vary the shades of the
delible black other wood extracts can be added to the nut-gall extracts.
For preparing the inking and feeding rollers I use the following composi-
tion: 33 parts of glue, 52 of honey, 7 of water, and 8 of glycerine; for
certain colors the honey may be replaced by the same proportion of molasses,
as before stated, and the glycerine is not absolutely necessary,
The ink herein-before described can be employed to print typographic or
copper-plate stamps of all kinds, either with delible black or one or more fast
colors; it can also be used for relievo stamps with colored grounds, and delible
vignettes for envelopes; also for printing bank notes, commercial bills, and all
other papers or documents where it is required to prevent the possibility of
the printing being effaced by washing or blotting out.
This ink can also be employed to imitate water-color pictures with one or
more colors and printed on paper or vellum, and also to printing in colors
on silk, cotton, linen, and other stuffs or fabrics.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Anatole Auguste Hulot in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 6th May 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ANATOLE
AUGUSTE HULOT, of the Imperial Mint, Paris, in the Empire of France,
Director of the Engraving Department for Post Office Stamps, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Anatole Auguste Hulot, Her special licence that I, the said Anatole
Auguste Hulot, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as, I
the said Anatole Auguste Hulot, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention.for
"A NEW TYPOGRAPHIC INK," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Anatole Auguste Hulot, my executors, or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in.
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed:
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme--
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Anatole Auguste Hulot, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say:-
My Invention consists in the manufacture of a delible or indelible black.or
colored ink containing neither fatty substances, fatty varnish, or water, and
applicable to printing postage and other similar [typographic stamps or labels,
and also to other printings.
The moveable adhesive stamp, post stamp, or label can only secure the
amount of duty that it represents by uniting to a type that cannot be forged a
perfect printing, and as the use of these stamps imposes on the public the
necessity of cancelling them, by writing on the design with common, ink a
signature, date, or other mark, they must be printed with an ink such that

page_text: any attempt at wasbing out or effacing the cancelling by reactive agents will
cause the printing itself to disappear as well as the writing.
Ordinary writing ink, that is to say, the black prepared by the combi-
nations of iron with gall-nut acids, tan, or of any other known vegetable
extracts producing a similar reaction, has not been successfully employed
in the usual typographic printing, because the material forming the ink
used with printing varnish produces an inferior impression, and which
preserved partly by the varnish from the action of the reactive agents, does
not generally yield to the washing and thereby facilitates fraud, as the
cancelling can be effaced without affecting the printing..
Many trials in printing typographic stamps with ink more or less thick
have shewn that the presence of water in the typographic ink, no matter
how small the quantity, prevents the proper distribution of the ink, which
dries on the surface of the roller, and thus prevents a perfect impression being
obtained.
By my Invention these difficulties are avoided, for I produce an ink which
by its easy distribution prints perfectly. It may be made delible or indelible
to any degree, black or colored, and of any shade, according to the coloring
matter employed, and it contains neither fatty substances or fatty varnishes,
or any trace of water.
I prepare the ink of my Invention as follows:-Firstly, to compose the
non-fatty varnish capable of being dissolved in water I melt at a low tempe-
rature (to prevent it rising into froth) two parts in weight of pure honey (for
light colors white honey is more suitable), to which I add two parts of neutral
glycerine at twenty-eight degrees; I agitate the composition, and as soon as
it is well mixed I leave it to cool and settle. The vegetable or mineral
coloring substances to be used with this composition must be perfectly dried
and ground with the utmost care, and then to form the ink I add to one part
of color thus prepared four parts of the above-described composition, and I
work the whole well together. It must be understood, however, that the
above proportions need not be strictly adhered to either as regards the compo-
sition of the varnish or in its combination with the colors, the same colors
being capable of producing different shades, the darker ones requiring a
larger proportion of color, and the lighter shades a larger proportion of honey.
I have found by practice that the same result may be obtained by working
the colors with the glycerine alone in suitable proportions, and then adding the
raw honey, and mixing the whole together.
I also prepare a second non-fatty varnish in the same manner as the first
by substituting molasses for the honey; and I would here observe that the

page_text: first varnish herein-before described dries rapidly and renders the colors fast,
but the second varnish dries slowly; when mixed in suitable proportions with
the first it gives a lustre to the printing. Any mixture of mucilaginous,
gelatinous, albuminous substances, &c., &c., are detrimental to the spreading
of the ink. The colors employed with the ordinary typographic varnish can
also be used with the varnishes prepared according to my Invention, and nearly
all the dry dyeing colors, extracts from wood, carmine, and especially aniline
colors, are well adapted for printing in a very perfect manner in combi-
nation with the honey and glycerine varnish. The delible black, composed of
iron and tan or gall-nut acids, should not contain any gum, but should be as
neutral as possible. It must be dried in vacuum at a low temperature, and
in order to vary the shades of the delible black other wood extracts can be
added to the nut gall extracts.
For preparing the inking and feeding rollers I use the following compo-
sition, videlicet:-Thirty-three parts of glue, fifty-two of honey, seven of
water, and eight of glycerine. For certain colors the honey may be replaced
by the same proportion of molasses, as before stated, and the glycerine is not
absolutely necessary.
The ink herein-before described can be employed to print typographic or
copper-plate stamps of all kinds, either with delible black or one or more fast
colors; it can also be used for relievo stamps with colored grounds, and
delible vignettes for envelopes; also for printing bank notes, commercial bills,
and all other papers or documents where it is required to prevent the possi-
bility of the printing being effaced by washing or blotting out..
This iuk can also be employed to imitate water-color pictures with one or
more colors and printed on paper or vellum, and also to printing in dying
colors on silk, cotton, linen, and other stuffs or fabrics.
The typographic copper-plate printing with ordinary greasy inks are liable to
imitation by the lithographic, anastatic, and other reports or reproduction, but
my process being a real typographic dye prevents the possibility of such
reproductions.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I
do not confine myself to the precise details herein laid down, but what I
claim is,
First, the manufacture of typographic ink capable of being washed out
when printed on moveable adhesive postage stamps, labels, or designs requiring
to be dated, signed, marked, or otherwise written upon with common ink, as
herein-before described..

page_text: Secondly, the application of the said typographic ink to the printing of
typographic or copper-plate stamps of all kinds, either with delible black or
with fast colors, and to relievo stamps with colored grounds, and delible
vignettes for envelopes, to bank notes and other documents where it is required
to prevent the printing from being washed out.
Thirdly, the application of the said typographic ink to imitate water-color
pictures with one or more colors and printed on paper or vellum, and also to
printing in tinctorial colors on silk, cotton, wool, and other textile fabrics.
In witness whereof, I, the said Anatole Auguste Hulot, have hereto
set my hand and seal, this Third day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
Witness,
L. DE FONTAINEMOREAU,
10, Rue de la Fidélité, Paris,
3rd May 1865.
HULOT. (L.S.)