A New Liquid or Solid Product Applicable for Removing Grease from Washing, Lixiviating, and Bleaching all Textile Materials, Cloths, Rags, and Similar Materials, for the Fulling of Cloths, and for Removing Hair from Skins and Similar Operations.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Aug., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 17th May, 1890-Accepted, 28th June, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New Liquid or Solid Product Applicable for Removing Grease
from Washing, Lixiviating, and Bleaching all Textile Materials,
Cloths, Rags, and Similar Materials, for the Fulling of Cloths,
and for Removing Hair from Skins and Similar Operations.
I, JULES LOUIS MORET of 17 Rue Richard Lenoir, Paris, France, Manufacturer
of Chemical Products, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The new product which is the subject of this application for a patent is principally
constituted of a mixture of caustic soda, and hydro sulphide of soda (Na H S) in equal
proportions. The caustic soda can be replaced by a caustic salt such as commercial
carbonate of soda containing a certain proportion of caustic soda, and the hydro
sulphide of soda by monosulphide of sodium prepared by dry means. These substances
of which the proportions can be varied to a considerable extent, are dissolved either
separately or together; they are if necessary, clarified by decantering or by filtration.
The liquid thus obtained can be employed, either pure, or nixed as hereinafter to be
described according to the applications to which it may be put.
When it is desired to obtain the product in a solid state for the purpose of com-
merce,
I take 100 parts in weight of the alkaline liquor before mentioned as a rule
but containing by preference
70 parts, thereabouts, of soda or caustic salt as before described and
30 parts, thereabouts, of hydrosulphide of soda or of monosulphide of sodium. This
alkaline sulphuretted product is crystallized by mixing it cold with an equal weight
of carbonate of soda at about 90°. The crystallization takes place after a few hours.
The proportion of carbonate of soda may reach sometimes 140% of the weight of
the liquor if is desired to obtain harder crystals and a more rapid crystallization.
I have found that my product can be used with advantage 1st for the removal of
grease, washing and lixiviating linen in general;
2nd. The lixiviating, bleaching and scouring of the fibres of the ramie and of the
alfa raw or worked;
:
3rd. The removal of grease, lixiviating and washing of rags for paper tranufacture;
4th. The washing, lixiviating and bleaching of all the textile materials, hemp, flax,
and similar materials, raw, spun, or woven.
5th. The removal of grease, and the washing of raw and greasy wools;
6th. The removal of grease, rinsing and fulling of wools, spun or woven.
For all these operations it is sufficient in principle to prepare a bath containing a con-
venient proportion of the product according to the effects to be obtained. This bath
is employed hot or cold as the case may be and if it is desired to obtain more bleaching
a small quantity of sulphurous acid is added in the liquid, as a decolorizer, during or
after each operation. Or equivalently the objects may be passed into another bath
containing ordinary water acidulated with sulphurous acid.
To make myself better understood I will hereafter describe but as an instance only, the
process which it may be necessary to follow for the application of my product in the
various operations.
Washing and lixiviating linen.--In 100 kilogrammes of pure water is dissolved 1.500
kilogrammes of my composition of sulphuretted alkali. The linen is immersed by folds
into this mixture in proportion to the size of the bucking tub, it is then allowed to
macerate two or three hours cold.
It is afterwards heated to a sufficient temperature for about two hours and then
allowed to settle and is afterwards washed. and rinsed in water in the usual manner.
According to the degree of whiteness that it is desired to obtain, a variable proportion

page_text: of sulphurous acid is added either in the bucking tub, or in a special bath in which
the linen is soaked before rinsing.
Treatment of the ramie.-The fibres are first soaked cold in a bath composed of
100 kilogrammes of ordinary water and two to three kilogrammes of the sulphuretted
alkaline composition (the quantity being augmented or diminished according to
requirement) it is then made to undergo boiling during which the fibres of the
ramie are put into motion by any mechanical means and afterwards the various
rinsings are proceeded with in ordinary water.
For the other textile materials the operations differs little as in each of these
operations the alkaline solution is more or less sulphuretted according to requirement.
It is the same for the removal of grease from wools and the fulling of woollen yarn
and woollen cloth, a quantity of 1500 kilogrammes to 2:500 kilogrammes of my
sulphuretted alkaline composition to 100 litres of water is sufficient to effect a perfect
removal of the grease.
Fulling and removal of grease from cloths, woollen yarn and woollen cloth.-A
quantity of about 2.500 kilogrammes of sulphuretted alkali dissolved in 100 litres
of water is employed in these operations.
This new product does not dispense with the employment of olein in mixture there-
with in the different operations of fulling and the removal of grease from wools and
woollen cloths.
The clothes retain all their softness, the removal of the grease is complete, and the
colours are brightened to a very sensible degree.
The application of my product is moreover economical as it accelerates the fulling
and only requires 90% in comparison with the products in use at present.
The removal of air and the preservation of skins.-For this application the liquid
may be employed pure in certain cases and according to the nature of the skins it may
be mixed with water in proportion varying from two to eighty per cent. This product
is designed to replace generally the lime and the drying stove process used for the
removal of hair from skins and also for their preservation.
In all these operations a variable proportion of sulphurous acid is also added in
the bath, as has been before described, according to the degree of decolorization or the
bleaching to be effected, or, better, this sulphurous acid may be employed in a special
bath.
It is well understood that I do not limit myself solely to the proportions herein before
indicated as the proportion of my composition may be varied according to the effect
to be produced. Thus, as the case may be, the proportion of sulphuretted alkali to
be employed may vary from 1 to 50% in weight.
Dated the 17th day of August 1889.
FELL & WILDING,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London E.C., Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New Liquid or Solid Product Applicable for Removing Grease
from Washing, Lixiviating, and Bleaching all Textile Materials,
Cloths, Rags, and similar Materials, for the Fulling of Cloths,
and for Removing Hair from Skins and similar Operations.
I, JULES LOUIS MORET, of 17, Rue Richard Lenoir, Paris, France, Manufacturer
of Chemical Products, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The new product which is the subject of this application for a patent is principally
constituted of a mixture of caustic soda and hydro sulphide of soda (Na H S) in
equal proportions. The caustic soda can be replaced by a caustic salt such as
commercial carbonate of soda containing a certain proportion of caustic soda
and the hydro sulphide of soda by monosulphide of sodium prepared by dry means.
These substances of which the proportions can be varied to a considerable extent,

page_text: are dissolved either separately or together; they are if necessary, clarified by
decantering or by filtration. The liquid thus obtained can be employed, either pure,
or mixed as hereinafter to be described according to the applications to which it may
be put.
When it is desired to obtain the product in a solid state for the purpose of
commerce, I take 100 parts in weight of the alkaline liquor before mentioned, as a
rule, but containing by preference
70 parts, thereabouts of soda or caustic salt as before described and
30 parts, thereabouts of hydro sulphide of soda or of monosulphide of sodium.
This alkaline sulphuretted product is crystallized by mixing it cold with an equal
weight of carbonate of soda, at about 90°. The crystallization takes place after a
few hours. The proportion of carbonate of soda may reach sometimes 140% of the
weight of the liquor if it is desired to obtain harder crystals and a more rapid
crystallization.
I have found that my product can be used with advantage :-
1st. For the removal of grease, washing and lixiviating linen in general.
2nd. The lixiviating, bleaching and scouring of the fibres of the ramie and of the
alfa raw or worked.
3rd. The removal of grease, lixiviating and washing of rags for paper manufacture;
4th The washing lixiviating and bleaching of all the textile materials, hemp, flax
and similar materials, raw, spun, or woven ;
5th. The removal of grease and the washing of raw and greasy wools;
6th. The removal of grease, rinsing and fulling of wools, spun or woven.
For all these operations it is sufficient in principle to prepare a bath containing a
convenient proportion of the product according to the effects to be obtained. This
bath is employed hot or cold as the case may be, and if it is desired to obtain more
bleaching a small quantity of sulphurous acid is added in the liquid, as a decolorizer
during or after each operation. Or equivalently, the objects may be passed into
another bath containing ordinary water acidulated with sulphurous acid.
To make myself better understood I will hereafter describe, but as an instance
only, the process, which it may be necessary to follow for the application of my
product in the various operations.
Washing and lixiviating linen.-In 100 kilogrammes of pure water is dissolved
1.500 kilogrammes of my composition of sulphuretted alkali. The linen is immersed
by folds into this mixture in proportion to the size of the bucking tub, it is then
allowed to macerate two or three hours cold. It is afterwards heated to a sufficient
temperature for about two hours and then allowed to settle, and is afterwards washed
and rinsed in water in the usual manner. According to the degree of whiteness that
it is desired to obtain, a variable proportion of sulphurous acid is added, either in the
oucking tub, or in a special bath in which the linen is soaked before rinsing.
Treatment of the ramie.-The fibres are first soaked cold in a bath composed of
100 kilogrammes of ordinary water and two to three kilogrammes of the sulphuretted
lkaline composition (the quantity being augmented or diminished according to
equirement) it is then made to undergo boiling during which the fibres of the ramie
re put into motion by any mechanical means and afterwards the various rinsings
re proceeded with in ordinary water.
For the other textile materials the operation differs little as in each of these
perations the alkaline solution is more or less sulphuretted according to requirement.
t is the same for the removal of grease from wools and the fulling of woollen yarn
nd woollen clotb, a quantity of 1.500 kilogrammes to 2.500 kilogrammes of my
ulphuretted alkaline composition to 100 litres of water is sufficient to effect a perfect
emoval of the grease.
Fulling and removal of grease from cloths, woollen yarn and woollen cloth.-A
uantity of about 2.500 kilogrammes of sulphuretted alkali dissolved in 100 litres of
ater is employed in these operations.
This new product does not dispense with the employment of olein in mixture

page_text: therewith in the different operations of fulling and the removal of grease from
wools and woollen cloth.
The cloths retain all their softness, the removal of the grease is complete, and the
colours are brightened to a very sensible degree.
The application of my product is moreover economical as it accelerates the fulling
and only requires 50% in comparison with the products in use at present.
This
The removal of hair and the preservation of skins.-For this application the liquid
may be employed pure in certain cases and according to the nature of the skins it
may be mixed with water in proportion varying from two to, eighty per cent.
product is designed to replace generally the lime and the drying stove process used
for the removal of hair froin skins and also for their preservation.
In all these operations a.variable proportion of sulphurous acid is also added in the
bath, as has been before described, according to the degree of decolorization or the
bleaching to be effected, or, better, this sulphurous acid may be employed in a special
bath.
It is well understood that I do not limit myself solely to the proportions herein-
before indicated as the proportion of my composition may be varied according to the
effect to be produced. Thus, as the case may be, the proportion of sulphuretted
alkali to be employed may vary from 1 to 50% in weight.
Thus I reserve to myself, the introduction into the active salts such as alkaline
carbonates, caustic soda and potash, or similar caustic salts, of sulphuretted products
consisting of sulphuretted alkalies or alkaline earths or of hydro-sulphuretted alkalies
or alkaline earths the object of this addition being to augment the properties of the
aforesaid products.
I can produce the same effect by the addition of the same sulphuretted bodies to
substances more or less inert such as alkaline sulphates or chlorides, this addition
having the object of giving to these latter the novel properties.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. The commercial product consisting of a mixture of caustic soda and sulphide
of sodium or of hydro sulphide of soda or more generally by the mixture of any
alkaline salt carbonate sulphate or chloride with any hydro sulpburetted or
sulphuretted alkali or alkaline earths, substantially as and for the purposes described.
2nd. The application of the commercial product described above in all industrial
operations such as:-the washing and bleaching of linen, the lixiviating and the
removal of grease from fabrics, the lixiviating bleaching and scouring of textile
fibres, the removal of grease from and washing of raw and greasy, wools, the removal
of grease from, rinsing, and fulling of wools, spun or woven, substantially as and fo
the purposes described.
noted this 17th day of May 1890.
FELL & WILDING,
1, Queen Victoria Street, E.C., Agents for the Applicant.