Year: 1885

page_text: I FREDERIC GEORGE RILEY of 33 South Lambeth Road, in the County of
Surrey, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
.60
--
My Invention relating to apparatus for generating carbonic acid gas has for its
object so constructing and arranging the apparatus as to enable it to be made of
enamelled iron although admitting of the advantageous employment of any of the
other materials ordinarily used for the purpose; also to automatically control
the supply of the acid and obviate the risk of its blowing out, and prevent the
possibility of the admission of air to the apparatus; further to reduce the
temperature of the gas before it leaves the apparatus; and also to so arrange
the agitator or mixer, that it shall not be liable in its working to injure the
apparatus through the introduction of any foreign substance.
با
In carrying out my Invention I employ a cylindrical vertical receptacle by
preference of enamelled iron, having an agitator or mixer working therein the
spindle of which passes through a suitable stuffing box on top whilst the outlet
valve at the bottom forms a guide for the lower end of the spindle. Into this
receptacle I introduce through a suitable opening which can be closed at will
a definite quantity of whitening or other carbonate and I also admit therein a
suitable quantity of water to be mixed with the carbonate, the water being caused
to pass in entering through a chamber through which also the generated gas is
discharged from the receptacle.
The vessel for the acid is arranged to contain a sufficient quantity of acid to
neutralize the given quantity of whitening or other carbonate, the discharge of which
acid is regulated by a floating valve situate in a chamber below the outlet from
the acid vessel and above the outer orifice of the conduit pipe conducting the acid
to the receptacle containing the carbonate so that the valve is capable of covering
either aperture that is to say the under side of the outlet from the acid vessel to
the chamber beneath and the orifice of the conduit pipe leading to the carbonate
receptacle. When therefore the pressure in the carbonate receptacle exceeds the
pressure due to the weight of the column of acid in the acid vessel the valve will be
D...oli

page_text: closed on its upper seat and shut off the supply of acid whilst when the supply of
acid is exhausted the valve closes the aperture in the lower seat and prevents the
entrance of air,
The agitator or mixer which is employed to thoroughly mix together the water
and carbonate and the acid therewith is driven by means of friction gearing so
arranged that the agitator or mixer is suspended (when at work) on the driving
pinion and is capable of being lifted out of gear by means of a wheel or clutch.
The gas generated being at an elevated temperature is caused. to pass through a
coil of piping surrounded by cold water and is then conducted into the bottom of
a purifier containing water (which purifier may be of glass) whence the gas is
drawn off for use. In order to fill or empty this purifier without disturbing the
connections I connect it to the cooling vessel through a three way valve.
For the purpose of renewing the water in the cooler I connect it to the carbonate
receptacle or generator so that every time the latter is charged the necessary water
is drawn from the cooler the latter being replenished from the main to which it is
permanently connected.
In operating with this apparatus the charges of acid and carbonate are intro-
duced into their respective receptacles a weight having been previously placed on
the acid valve so as to keep it on its lower seat. A sufficient quantity of water is
then introduced from the cooler and the agitator is started and the acid valve is
opened. A valve on top of the carbonate receptacle is opened to let out the air
which valve also acts as a safety valve. The gas is then generated, automatically
closing the acid valve on its upper seat, and being conducted through the cooler
and purifier is drawn off as desired for use, the acid valve automatically closing
and opening as the withdrawal of the gas is suspended and renewed.
The generating apparatus when required to be used continuously may be
duplicated, enabling one to be charged while the other is emptying; or it may be
connected to the ordinary gasometer secured against rising beyond a definite point
to give the required pressure. Or the acid vessel with its automatic regulating
valve may be applied to any of the ordinary generators at present in use in
substitution for the ordinary acid vessel.

page_text: Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Generating
Carbonic Acid Gas.
FREDERIC GEORGE RILEY of 33, South Lambeth Road, in the County of Surrey,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
AND RELATING TO APPARATUS FOR GENERATING CARBONIC ACID GAS and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
My Invention relating to apparatus for generating carbonic acid gas has for its
object so constructing and arranging the apparatus as to enable it to be made of
enamelled iron although admitting of the advantageous employment of any of the
other materials ordinarily used for the purpose; also to automatically control
the supply of the acid and obviate the risking of its blowing out and prevent
the possibility of the admission of air to the apparatus; further to reduce the
temperature of the gas befor it leaves the apparatus; and also to so arrange the
agitator or mixer so it shall not be liable in its working to injure the apparatus
through the introduction of any foreign substance-In order that my Invention
may be perfectly understood I will now more particularly describe same referring
to the accompanying drawing which shews a sectional elevation of a complete
apparatus.
The main generating vessel A. which may be constructed of iron, having its
inner surface protected from the action of the acid by means of enamel or other
suitable means is provided at top with a stuffing box B, having a chamber b
formed in it, and also at bottom with a discharge outlet valve C, and a cover (not
shewn) for the introduction of the carbonating material.
Working in the stuffing box B is the agitator shaft D which has secured to it
the agitator or mixer E, this is guided by the prolonged hollow bearing e working
in the passage leading to the valve C-Secured to the shaft D outside the stuffing
box B is the friction bevel wheel F engaging with the friction pinion G secured to
the shaft g carried in the bracket h, and bolted to the main vessel A: this shaft
having motion given to it from any prime mover by the pulley H, by this means
the weight of the agitator shaft is carried outside the generating vessel. A ready
means for stopping or starting the agitator is provided by the hand wheel H W
which is screwed on shaft, the retention of same whilst the agitator shaft revolves
causes it to traverse down the shaft, till it bears on the gland of the stuffing box B,
when it raises the friction wheel F from the action of the pinion G: screwing it
the reverse way causing it to start again. The acid vessel I which is arranged to
contain when full, sufficient acid to neutralise the given charge of whiting or other
carbonate is supported by the bracket V bolted to the main vessel A, it is closed at
top by a perforated plate i, and is connected to the main vessel A by the pipe J,
this has interposed in it the valve chamber K which has a seating 'both on its
upper and lower orifices for the floating "valve k, which when the vessel is full of

page_text: acid covers the upper orifice but allows the acid to pass into the main vessel A till
gas is generated and a pressure is created in excess to that of the column of acid
over the valve, when it closes same and shuts off the supply. When this pressure
is reduced by the withdrawal of the gas it opens and allows acid to pass, this
operation continues till the acid is exhausted, when the valve k floats with the last
portion of the acid and covers the bottom orifice, preventing the entry of air into
the apparatus. The generated gas passes first into the chamber 6 of the stuffing
box B through perforated holes in the bottom of same, and passes out through the
pipe L (the entrance to which can be closed with a valve when required) and is
conducted to the bottom of the cooling vessel M which is full of water and
surrounds the coil N through which the gas passes, and is led into the bottom of
the washer or purifier O which may be made of glass and is partially filled with
water, the gas ascending and descending through the double tube P, and dis-
charging near the bottom, ascends through the water and is drawn off at the
connection R.
For the purpose of renewing the water in the vessel M which becomes heated by
the gas passing through same, I connect it permanently to the main supply of
water by the pipe Q, and there is always a pressure of water in same; it is also
connected at or near the top by the pipe S which is led into the chamber b in the
stuffing box B, the discharge aperture in chamber 6 is closed with a valve (not
shewn in drawing) and the water for washing out the spent whiting or other
carbonate and also for mixing the fresh charge is drawn from the vessel M, thus
reducing the temperature every time the apparatus is charged.
In order to empty and refill the purifier or washing vessel O with water
I provide a three way cock T which connects same either with the supply of water
in the vessel M or with the outer air and enables it to be quickly filled or emptied
without disturbing the connections.
In operating the apparatus. a charge of whiting or other carbonate is introduced
the valve controlling the admission of water through the pipe S is then opened till
sufficient water is admitted to reduce the carbonate to an easily miscable con-
sistency, the cover for admitting the whiting is then closed and the purifier is filled
with water by three way cock T and the agitator started-The acid vessel I is
then filled, and the acid commencing to flow in liberates the gas, and closes the
acid valve k, the air in the apparatus is forced to the top by the gas and allowed
to escape either by opening safety valve or the cover and the apparatus is then
ready. The acid valve opening and closing automatically as the gas is with-
drawn enables the apparatus to be left unattended without fear of the pressure of
gas blowing the acid out of the vessel I over the attendants.
When it is desired to employ this apparatus continuously I provide a duplicate
generating vessel A connecting it to the purifier M and cooler by the connection
at U enabling the generating vessels to be alternately charged.
The apparatus as described may also be worked in connection with an ordinary
gasometer which is secured against rising beyond a definite point to give the
desired pressure, or the acid vessel with its automatic regulating valve may be
applied to any of the ordinary generators at present in use in place of ordinary
ones.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The combined apparatus for automatically generating, cooling and purifying
carbonic acid gas substantially as herein described and shewn in the accompanying
drawings.
2. The employment of a valve interposed in the pipe conveying acid to
generating vessel, so that the pressure in same shall close and shut off the supply

page_text: 3. The employment of a vessel which is charged with water, and in which
through a coil or worm the generated gas is led, the water being renewed in the
manner herein described.
4. The employment of an agitator in a vessel for generating gas in such a
manner that the friction is supported outside the generator by friction gearing as
described, so that the accidental introduction of any foreign substance likely to
damage the generating vessel would stop same working.