Improvements in Elastic Tyres for Wheels.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Aug., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 15th June, 1899-Accepted. 16th Aug., 1899
val v privativ
Complete Specification Left, 15th June, 1899-Accepted, 16th Aug., 1899
Improvements in Elastic Tyres for Wheels.
We, ALEXANDER BOGUSLAVSKÝ, of 8, Park Lane, in the County of London,
Gentleman, and LEONARD GUNN, of 17, Lamb's Conduit Street, in the County)
of London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
Our invention has for its object to provide elastic tyres for wheels of road
carriages such as motor-cars, buses, cabs, and cycles, and in fact all sorts of
vehicles, which tyres shall be easy and practically noiseless in running and also
durable and efficient.
The principle embodied in our invention is the direct transference of the
strains set up in the elastic tread of the tyre by the contact of its base with the
road owing to its load and the resulting strains transmitted throughout the tyre,
to an equally or even more elastic abutment arranged oppositely thereto, so
that there shall be no rigid abutment at any part of the wheel-tyre, such as the
metallic or wooden rims, which hitherto we believe have always been used with
tyres whether elastic, pneumatic or non-pneumatic.
In carrying out this principle, according to our invention we employ for each
tyre a pair of more or less cupped or U-shaped rubber rings which we dispose at
suitable distance apart with their open ends face to face, and fixed together by
side plates or rings such as hereinafter referred to. The cups or U-shaped rings
have continuous side flanges or margins projecting outwards and these are of
suitable dimensions and strength. The two U-rings are maintained at the
proper distance apart to form the depth of the tyre by a number of interposed
closely arranged compression pieces or struts which may be made of wood or
other light and tough substance, and they are of such shape as to fit closely
between and against the concave surfaces of each rubber ring and serve to keep
them stretched apart. Certain parts are or may be, cut away when desirable
to admit of a certain degree of movement in radial directions.
These internal tyre-struts are arranged preferably radially to the wheel and
may be closely assembled or separated one from another by interposed soft
material such as leather, rubber, or canvas, wholly or in part, and between
their extremities (which are of course neatly fashioned off) and the concavities
of the cup-rings, canvas or other light and strong material may be interposed
to protect the rubber from injury.
The elastic cup-rings may be fixed and held together at each side of the tyre
by means of circumferential side rings made of steel, aluminium, or, suitable
substance and of flat or channel section or of such form as is best adapted to
receive and hold the side flanges or tops of the said rubber cup- or U-rings
which are fixed thereto by bolts, rivets, studs, or otherwise suitably, with the
aid of washers, or washer strips or rings or equivalents, continuous or spaced
apart, and made of light, tough, and resilient material.
To these same fixing bolts or equivalent fixing devices are attached the outer

page_text: ends of the spokes with proper spacing, and alternately or oppositely on either
side of the tyre. We do not confine ourselves to detail of construction of the
fixing and holding parts so long as the principle of inner and outer elastic cup-
or U-shaped abutments for internally arranged rigid struts is carried into effect.
Dated this Sixteenth day of August 1898.
Improvements in Elastic Tyres for Wheels.
We, ALEXANDER BOGUSLAVSKY, of 83, Piccadilly, formerly of 8, Park Lane, in
the County of London, Gentleman, and LEONARD GUNN, of 17, Lamb's Conduit
Street, in the County of London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
Our invention has for its object to provide elastic tyres for wheels of road
carriages such as motor-cars, buses, cabs, cycles, and, in fact, all sorts of vehicles,
which tyres shall be easy and practically noiseless in running and also durable
and efficient.
The principle embodied in our invention is the direct transference of the
strains set up in the elastic tread of the tyre by the contact of its base with the
road owing to its load and the resulting strains transmitted throughout the tyre,
to an equally or even more elastic abutment arranged oppositely thereto, so
that there shall be no rigid abutment at any part of the wheel-tyre, such as the
metallic or wooden rims, which hitherto we believe have always been used with
tyres whether elastic, pneumatic or non-pneumatic.
We will further describe our invention in reference to the accompanying
drawings which illustrate two modes of carrving same into effect. Fig. 1 is a
cross-section and Fig. 2 a side elevation partly in section of our improved tyre,
and Figs. 3 and 4 are respectively similar views of a modified construction.
In carrying out the principle above enunciated, according to our invention we
employ for each tyre a pair of more or less cupped or U-shaped rubber
rings A. A which we dispose at suitable distance apart with their open ends face
to face, and fixed together by side plates or rings B B₁ such as hereinafter re-
ferred to. The cups or U-shaped rubber rings A A¹ have continuous side
flanges or margins a a¹ projecting outwards and these are of suitable dimensions
and strength. The two U-rings are maintained at the proper distance apart to
form the depth of the tyre by a number of interposed closely arranged compres-
sion pieces or struts S S which may be made of wood or other light and tough
substance, and they are of such shape as to fit closely between and against the
concave surfaces a² of each rubber ring and serve to keep them stretched apart
and in proper form. Certain parts such as S¹, Fig. 3 are, or may be, cut away
when desirable to admit of a certain degree of movement of the struts S S in
radial directions.
These internal tyre struts S S are of any suitable thickness and are arranged
preferably radially to the wheel; they may be closely assembled as shown in
Eig. 2 or separated one from another by internosed soft material c, such as leather.
rubber or canvas, wholly or in part (see Fig. 4); the extremities S³ of said
struts SS are neatly fashioned off and preferably cemented to rings c¹ of rubber
or other strong and resilient material so that when either of the cup rings A A¹
is removed the struts S S are prevented from falling out. These rings e also

page_text: serve to prevent any lateral derangement of the struts within the cup rings and
to protect the latter from injury.
The elastic cup-rings A A may be fixed and held together at each side of the
tyre by means of circumferential side rings B B made of steel, aluminium or
suitable substance and of flat channel or other suitable section. In Figs. 1 and 2
these rings are shown as made of 2 plates b b¹ embracing and compressing the
side flanges a al between them. In Figs. 3 and 4 the rings B B₁ are formed
of two plates b b supplemented by an intermediate part 2 of channelled section
which serves to space apart the flanges a a¹ and so increase the depth of the
tyre. In all cases lateral stability is ensured by the use of occasional bolts such
as bb passing transversely through the side rings B B and slots ss formed
in the struts S S to receive same.
We have shown only these two forms of fixing rings but they may be of any
form best adapted to receive and hold and compress the side flanges a al of the
said rubber cup- or U-rings A A'. The fixing and compression are effected by
bolts, rivets or studs such as d d, or otherwise suitably with the aid of washers
or washer-strips or rings or equivalents, continuous or spaced apart, and made
of light, tough and resilient material. The side flanges a a¹ may be slotted to
receive the bolts d d to ensure facility in removal of the tyre when required.
The fixing bolts d d or equivalent fixing devices are or may be formed on the
outer ends of the spokes e of the wheel with proper spacing, and alternately
or oppositely on either side of the tyre, and strengthening rings such as R
(shown dotted) of rubber or the like may be placed upon the outer periphery of
the inner cup ring A¹ to better withstand the pressure thereupon. We do not
confine ourselves to detail of construction of the fixing and holding parts so
long as the principle of inner and outer elastic cup- or U-shaped abutments for
internally arranged rigid struts is carried. into effect.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is:-
1. An elastic tyre for wheels composed of inner and outer circular elastic cup- or
U-shaped abutments fixed together at each side by continuous circular plates
or rings and having closely arranged rigid struts radially interposed between
same, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.
2. An elastic tyre for wheels composed of a pair of cup- or U-shaped elastic
abutments with continuous side flanges fixed together by continuous circular
plates or rings of flat, channel or other suitable shape and attached to the spokes,
said elastic abutments being held apart by interposed internal rigid struts, sub-
stantially as described for the purpose stated.
3. The improved elastic tyre constructed and arranged substantially as herein
described in reference to and shown in Figs. 1 and 2 subject to the modifications
described and shown in Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings.