Improved Means and Appliances for the Production of Pure Carbonic Oxide Gas.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Nov., 1889
Complete Specification Left. 27th Sept.. 1890-Accepted, 27th Nov., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means and Appliances for the Production of Pure Carbonic
Oxide Gas.
I, THOMAS WILLIAMS, of 110 Cannon Street, City of London, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to novel arrangements and combination of tanks, pipes
machinery constituting a plant' by which both automatically and continuously, pure
carbonic oxide gas can be produced, either from coal, coke or other fuels and also if
desired, the separation of hydrogen gas from carbonic oxide.
By way of explanation; I have a steam cylinder complete to the bed plate adjoining
a cylinder, and valves complete to draw gases from the main supply through the
necessary cooling and scrubbing tanks or vessels and forcing them through the supply
pipe which I call A and A 1, 2, 3, also another cylinder and valves complete forming
an improved vacuum pump as hereinafter described and designed to produce the
desired vacuum in tanks, which I call B 8, 9, 10 and effect the extraction of the
carbonic oxide gas from cupreous chloride solution and deliver it to gas containers or
furnaces direct; this vacuum cylinder also causes the circulation of the liquid solution
through the several tanks hereinafter described.
There are three pairs of tanks employed which I designate B1 to B 6, these tanks
are placed in position and fitted with pipes A 1, 2, 3, these pipes are connected with
perforated arms or intermediate connecting tubes, so as to equally distribute the gases
and cause them to come thoroughly into contact with the solution and are so placed as
to create an active circulation of the same, and if found necessary, to still further
break up the gases in passing through the solution I further provide a finely
These tanks
perforated plate which is placed above the aforesaid perforated arms.
are connected by pipes, say, A 4, 5, 6, to convey the solution from one to the other
and by other pipes A 7, 8, 9, for conveying the gases in the same manner in the last
tanks the gases from which the carbonic oxide has been separated may be allowed
to escape through a pipe, say, A 10, or carried therefrom and utilized, if required.
It may be necessary in order to provide for increase of supply to increase the
number of these tanks say, B 7.
The cupreous chloride solution charged with carbonic oxide flows from B 4, 5, 6,
through pipes A 24, 25, 26 into a main storage tank B7 from whence it is drawn by
the vacuum pump up a pipe into a tank and is then distributed by pipes into two
other tanks until it rises sufficiently high to flow down pipes (fitted with hinged
covers or lids) alternately into the intermediate tanks.
I also use two intermediate tanks to receive the exhausted (or partially exhausted)
solution from the vacuum tanks by a two way valve, or other convenient arrangement.
It is intended that these tanks shall be separately and alternately discharged into a
tank through pipes, these pipes being also fitted with hinged covers or lids and the
discharge being controlled by means of a ratchet, or other suitable movement connected
with the two way valve and the crosshead of the engine. The flow of the liquid
solution being thus automatically controlled by the speed of the engine while the
speed of the engine will be automatically controlled by the pressure of carbonic oxide
in the pipes.
A tank which I term B¹³ is proposed to contain a temperature coil or series of
pipes arranged so that the temperature of the solution may be either raised by the
exhaust steam from the engine (or other means) or cooled by cold water or otherwise.
The solution then flows by its own gravity through pipes into tanks before mentioned
in which it again commences its work of absorption of carbonic oxide gas from
the gases.

page_text: The valves of the vacuum cylinder are kept supplied with a proper quantity of
alkaline lubricating solution to prevent corrosion and ensure a perfect vacuum by
occupying vacant spaces in ports of valves and between piston and cylinder covers.
At the top of one of the pipes a valve or thimble is fitted and connected with a
cylinder containing oil or other liquid by a piston on the top of the vacuum tank by
which means the flow or pressure of solution up the pipe may be automatically
regulated and spread either by a shelf or by a rotator the supply of the solution
charged with carbonic oxide may also be automatically controlled.
I employ pipes for conveying the carbonic oxide gas from the vacuum tanks into
a receiver tank from whence it is delivered by a pipe fitted for the purpose.
A pipe for the escape or delivery of the gases not absorbed by the cupreous chloride
solution will be fitted with an automatic clack valve regulated so as to prevent any
inlet of atmospheric air when the plant is not in work.
As the cupreous chloride solution absorbs carbonic oxide at ordinary temperature
ranging from 50° Fah. to 120° Fah. it is intended that the producer or other gases
shall be cooled to the required temperature before passing tanks B 1, 2, 3, and in or
under the tank termed B7 suitable means will be employed for raising the temperature
of the cupreous solution to cause it to give off the carbonic oxide gas freely under
the vacuum.
As certain fuels contain elements which are injurious to the efficient operation of
the cupreous solution in order to obviate this I propose to use salts of iron or other
efficient agent previous to the gases coming into contact with the cupreous solution.
Dated this 27th day of November 1889
H. GARDNER,
166, Fleet Street, London, Agent for the said T. Williams.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means and Appliances for the Production of Pure Carbonic
Oxide Gas.
1, THOMAS WILLIAMS, of 110 Cannon Street, City of London, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
My invention relates to novel arrangements and combination of tanks, pipes, and
machinery constituting a plant by which both automatically and continuously pure
carbonic oxide gas can be produced, either from coal, coke, or other fuels and also, if
desired, the separation of hydrogen gas from carbonic oxide.
The annexed drawings, Figures 1 and 2, will make my invention clearly understood.
No. 1, consists of steam cylinder complete.
No. 2, cylinder and valves complete to draw gases from the main supply through
the necessary cooling and scrubbing tanks or vessels and forcing them through the
supply pipe, which I call A and A1, A2, A³.
No. 3, consists of cylinder and valves complete forming an improved vacuum pump,
as hereinafter described and designed to produce the desired vacuum in tanks, which
I call B, B, B10, and effect the extraction of the carbonic oxide gas from cupreous
chloride solution and deliver it to gas containers or furnaces direct, this vacuum
cylinder also causes the circulation of the liquid solution through the several tanks
hereinafter described.
There are three pairs of tanks employed, which I designate B₁ to Be, these tanks
are placed in position and fitted with pipes A1, A2, A3, these pipes are connected with
perforated arms or intermediate connecting tubes, so as to equally distribute the gases
and cause them to come thoroughly into contact with the solution, and are so placed
as to create an active circulation of the same and, if found necessary, to still furthe
break up the gases, in passing through the solution I further provide a finely perfo-
rated plate which is placed above the aforesaid perforated arms. These tanks are
connected by pipes, say, A*, A5, A6, to convey the solution from one to the other, and

page_text: by other pipes A7, A8, A³, for conveying the gases in the saine manner, in the last
tanks, the gases from which the carbonic oxide has been separated may be allowed to
escape through a pipe, say, A10, or carried therefrom and utilized, if required.
It may be necessary in order to provide for increase of supply to increase the
number of these tanks.
The cupreous chloride solution charged with carbonic oxide flows from B2, B4, B³,
through pipes A4, A5, A2, into a main storage tank B7, from whence it is drawn by
the vacuum pump up a pipe A" into a tank B and is then distributed by pipes into
two other tanks B8, B0 until it rises sufficiently high to flow down pipes A" A"
(fitted with hinged covers or lids) alternately into the intermediate tanks.
The two tanks B", B", receive the exhausted (or partially exhausted) solution
from the vacuum tanks by a two-way valve, or other convenient arrangement. It is
intended that these tanks shall be separately and alternately discharged into a tank
through pipes, these pipes being also fitted with hinged covers, or lids and the dis-
charge being controlled by means of a ratchet, or other suitable movement connected
with the two-way valve and the crosshead of the engine, the flow of the liquid solution
being thus automatically controlled by the pressure of carbonic oxide in the pipes.
A tank, which 1 term B13, is proposed to contain a temperature coil or series of
pipes arranged so that the temperature of the solution may be either raised by the
exhaust steam from the engine (or other means), or cooled by cold water, or otherwise,
the solution then flows by its own gravity through pipes into tanks before mentioned,
in which it again commences its work of absorption of carbonic oxide gas from
the gases.
The valves of the vacuum cylinder are kept supplied with a proper quantity of
alkaline lubricating solution to prevent corrosion and ensure a perfect vacuum by
occupying vacant spaces in ports of valves and between piston and cylinder covers.
At the top of one of the pipes, a valve or thimble, shown at Figure 3, is fitted
connected with a cylinder containing oil, or other liquid, by a piston on the top of the
vacuum tank, by which means, the flow or pressure of solution up the pipe may be
automatically regulated and spread either by a shelf or by a rotator, as shown at
Figure 4, the supply of the solution charged with carbonic oxide may also be
automatically controlled. Figure 5 is part section of cylinder and valve referred to
under No. 3 of Figure 1. At the ordinary working pressure the valve Z moves
over the ports in regular order but should an excess of pressure be present in the
passages a, a, when the ports are closed the valves b, b, b and c c in the branches
will be lifted thereby and the excess will escape and thus prevent the valve Z lifting
from its seat.
I employ pipes for conveying the carbonic oxide gas from the vacuum tanks into
a receiver tank, from whence it is delivered by a pipe fitted for the purpose.
A pipe for the escape, or delivery of the gases not absorbed by the cupreous chloride
solution will be fitted with an automatic clack valve regulated so as to prevent any
inlet of atmospheric air when the plant is not in work.
As the cupreous chloride solution absorbs carbonic oxide at ordinary temperature
ranging from 50° F. to 120° F. it is intended that the producer, or other gases, shall
be cooled to the required temperature before passing into tanks B1, B2, B3, and in or
under the tank termed B' suitable means such as a temperature coil may be employeu
for raising the temperature of the cupreous solution to cause it to give off the
carbonic oxide gas freely under the vacuum.
As certain fuels contain elements which are injurious to the efficient operation
of the cupreous solution, in order to obviate this, I propose to use salts of iron,
or other efficient agent previous to the gases coming into contact with the cupreous
solution.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
As my improved means and appliance for the production of pure carbonic oxide

page_text: gas from coal, coke, or like fuel, the arrangement of tanks, pipes, and machinery
constituting a plant, shown on the annexed drawings, the parts operating in the
manner and for the purposes.set forth.
The 27th day of Santambar 1800
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said Thomas Williams.