Improvements in or connected with Road Scarifying or Breaking Machinery.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Nov., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 13th Aug., 1896-Accepted, 13th Nov., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Road Scarifying or Breaking
Machinery.
I, HAROLD HERON HOSACK, of 15 Woodlands Road, Barnes, London, S.W.,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to machinery or means for breaking up or scarifying
the surfaces of Macadam roads and analogous surfaces; and it relates more
particularly to that class of such machine, in which the breaking up or scarifying
mechanism is carried on or forming part of a locomotive road roller or traction
engine.
According to the present invention, the breaking or scarifying mechanism is
carried by a road roller or traction engine upon a framing, which is supported
largely by the axle of the rear road wheels of the engine, and partly by the
fire-box or portion of the engine in front of such wheels, so that the strain and
weight of the mechanism does not come upon and is not carried by the water tank
or rear part of the roller or traction engine, as happens mostly in machines of this
type hitherto proposed. This frame will, in most cases, lie between the engine
body and the road wheel or wheels, and extend from a point in front of the wheel
axle at which it is fastened to the fire-box, or say to the ordinary steering gear
shaft or special pins or shafts, to a point behind said wheel, on which part of it
the breaking mechanism is attached or supported; and in some cases also, the part
of the frame on which the breaking mechanism is supported, is also connected by
an outside bar with the outer end of the axle of the road wheel. The road
breaking or scarifying mechanism is thus disposed and mounted behind one or
other or either of the road' wheels.
The inside supporting frames are supported by the road wheel axle by the axle
or part surrounding or on the axle being pressed through said frame; or by the
frame being adapted to rest thereon.
The breaking mechanism is, in one form, comprised of breaking tools, carried in
holders mounted and supported by the frame above specified, the tools being
inclined, say inwards towards each other, and preferably stepped behind one
another, one or other set being arranged to be moved into action by moving one
set down and the other up. By this means, the road surface can be scarified in
either direction. In one form, these two holders are separate, and are adjustable
up and down by racks or parts of the tool holders and a pinion engaging with
them, and so arranged that when one is moved up the other is moved down, they
being guided in their vertical movement and held in position in their supporting
frame by rollers, pullies, and shafts or pine, or the like. In this case, by turning
the pinion referred to, the tool holdere are moved up and down. The tools may.
be adjustable in their holders by cotters, which are screwed in and out, and bear
upon the sides of the tools and bold them in position.
In another form, the tool holder consists of a rocking frame supported on the
carrier frame specified, and so mounted that when one set of tools at one side of
its axis of vibration or pivot, is moved downwards, onto the road surface, the
other is raised from it; this rocking action being effected by an upper quadraut
and pinion, or like means; the tools, in this case, and in some others also, being
"
j

page_text: preferably arranged in the opposite holders on opposite sides thereof. In some
cases, when the mechanism is of the type last described, or of any other suitable
type, the frame or carrier is so constructed and arranged in relation on the road
roller or engine, that the breaking mechanism can be readily moved from one side
of the roller to the other. To enable this to be easily done, the outside bar
connecting the breaking mechanism with the wheel axle, may extend between the
road wheel axle, and a shaft carrying the breaking mechanism or tool holder, and
which extends across the engine, the tool holder being so arranged and constructed,
that by removing the link or outside bar, it can be removed and placed at the
other end of said shaft. Separate pinions or like devices may conveniently, in
this case, be provided on the tool holder actuating shaft or mechanism at either side
of the machine.
The features or improvements herein described may, one or more of them, where
convenient, be applied to or used in connection with road breaking or scarifying
machinery or mechanism, of other types than the one hereinabove more particularly
referred to:
T
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
15 Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents..
Ìmprovements in or connected with Road Soarifying or Breaking
Machinery.
I, HAROLD HERON HOSACK, of 15 Woodlands Road, Barnes, London, S.W.
Engineer, do horeby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention has reference to machinery or means for breaking up or scarifying
the surfaces of Macadam roads and analogous surfaces; and it relates more
particularly to that class of such machines, in which the breaking up or scarifying
mechanism is 'carried on or forms part of a locomotive road roller or traction
engine.
According to the present invention, the breaking or scarifying mechanism is
carried by a road roller or traction engine upon a framing, which is supported
largely by the axle of the rear road wheels of the engine, and partly by the
fire-box or portion of the engine in front of such wheels, so that the strain and
weight of the mechanism does not come upon and is not carried by the water tank
or tender of the roller or traction engine, as happens mostly in machines of this
type hitherto proposed. This frame will, in most cases, lie between the engine
body and the road wheel or wheels, and extend from a point in front of the wheel
axle, at which it is fastened to the fire-box, or say to the ordinary steering gear
shaft, or special pins or shafts, to a point behind said wheel, on which part of it
the breaking mechanism is attached or supported; and in some cases also, the part
of the frame on which the breaking mechanism is supported, is also connected by
an outside bar with the 'outer end of the axle of the road wheel. The road
breaking or scarifying mechanism is thus disposed and mounted behind one or
other or either of the road wheels.
i.
The inside supporting frames are supported by the road wheel axle by the axle,
or part surrounding or on the axle, being passed through said frame; or by the
frame being adapted to rest thereon.
The breaking mechanism is, in one form, comprised of breaking tools, carried in.
holders mounted and supported by the frame above specified, the tools being

page_text: inclined, say inwards towards each other, and preferably stepped behind one
another, ono or other set being arranged to be moved into action by moving one
Bet down and the other up. By this means, the road surface can be scarified in
either direction. In one form, these two holders are separate, and are adjustable
up and down by racks or equivalent provisions on the tool holders, and a pinion
engaging with them, and so arranged that when one is moved up the other is
moved down, they being guided in their vertical movement and held in position in
their supporting frame by rollers, pullies, and shafts or pins, or the like. In this
case, by turning the pinion referred to, the tool holders are moved up and down.
The tools may be adjustable in their holders by cotters, which are screwed in and
out, and bear upon the sides of the tools and hold them in position.
1
lu another form, the tool holdor consists of a rocking frame supported on the
carrier frame specified, and so mounted that when one set of tools at one side
of its axis of vibration or pivot, is moved downwards, on to the road surface, the
other is raised from it; this rocking action being effected by an upper quadrant.
and pinion, or like means; the tools, in this case, and in some others also, being
preferably arranged in the opposite holders on opposite sides thereof.
In some cases, when the mechanism ia of the type last described, or of any other
suitable type, the frame or carrier is so constructed and arranged on the road
roller or engine, that the breaking mechanism can be readily moved from one side
of the roller to the other.
To enable this to be easily done, the outside bar connecting the breaking
mechanism with the wheel axle, may extend between the road wheel axle, and a
shaft carrying the breaking mechanism or tool holder, and which extends across
the engine, the tool holder being so arranged and constructed, that by removing
the link or outside bar, it can be removed and placed at the other end of said shaft.
Separate pinions or like devices may conveniently, in this case, be provided on the
tool holder actuating shaft or mechanism at either side of the machine.
Drawings illustrative of this invention are hereto annexed.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of one form of apparatus or construction under this
invention; and Figure 2 is a plan of same.
Fig. 1 is a detail of the tool holder and rack.
Figure 3 is a side elevation, and Figure 4 a plan.shewing a modification wherein
the apparatus illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 is so constructed aut arranged in
relation to the road roller, that the breaking mechanism is adapted to be moved
from one side of the roller to the other.
Figure 5 is a side elevation, and Figure 6 a plan, shewing another modification
under the invention.
Figure 7 is a side elevation, and Figure 8. an end view, shewing another
modification wherein the breaking mechanism is adapted to be moved from one side
of the road roller to the other.
Figure 9 is a side elevation and Figure 10 is an end view of same, shewing
another modification.
Referring to the drawings, a represents the road wheel of a traction engine or
rond roller, of the ordinary type. & represents the tender or tank portion of the
engine, which is provided and fastened as usual to the fire-box of the roller or
engine. represents the fire box portion of the boiler of the machinery. d'is the
axle, and parts connected with it, on which the road wheels a are mounted.
e is the frame on which the breaking mechanism hereafter described is carried.
And generally designates the breaking mechanism.
The frame e shewn in Figures 1 and 2, consists of a plate fastened by bolts at el
to the sides of the fire-box c, and extending along parallel with the side of the
weight or roller, to the bark of the tender b, where it is carried downwards
similarly to the plate, hereinafter described, of the breaking mechanism forming
the front side plate thereof. At the part of the frame e where the axle
structure d comes, the frame is perforated, and surrounds this part of the axle and
rests upon it. Thus the frame is supported at one point, at its forward end, to the

page_text: fire-box plate, and at a second point, by the axle portion d of the engine road
wheel.
The frame of the breaking mechanism consists of the rear end of the frame e, a
plate forming the front side plate thereof-above referred to, and a connecting
end plate, secured to the plates e and g. In this framing, the tool holders are
carried. These consist, in the case shown, of vertical channel shaped parts i, one
on either side of the centre of the mechanism, and extending from the upper part
to the lower part, where they are provided with strong blocks or heads, having
holes through them, and serving as the tool holding parts proper of the mechanism.
The tools designated j-pass diagonally through these parts, being suitably
fastened therein by cotters or other means and they are disposed in echelon
arrangement, with their points facing each other, and being arranged in the two
tool holders in the relative dispositions shewn.
=
These tool holders i are supported in their relative positions horizontally, that is
⚫in the direction of the motion of the engine or roller, by the upper and lower
rollers k, which come between the tool holders i, and rullers at the lower part of
the apparatus, which fit within the outside flanges of the tool-holders i, the
rollers and being fixed by shafts and , respectively, in the frame e and
front plate g. At the points where the shafts pass through the sides of the
tool holders, such tool holders are provided with slots to allow of upward and
downward movement.
The position of the tool-holders and tools, vertically, is controlled by, and the
two holders.counterbalance each other through, the toothed wheel m-carried by
the frames e aud g by a spindle mand a rack n on the inner face of each of the
tool holders, with which the teeth of the wheel m mesh. The wheel.m is
operated by the arm wheel o fixed on the shaft n'. Thus this wheel m both
actuates the two tool holders in opposite directions, so as to move one set of tools
down, and move the other up, simultaneously; and also at the same time supports
them vertically. By the arrangement also of the tool holders, in connection with
the wheel m, a complete balancing of the apparatus is effected, rendering
at the same time the power required to adjust or operate the mechanism
Yery small.
The support to the breaking mechanism against wringing and bending, offered
by the frame e, is supplemented by a bar p, fastened to and extending between
the outer end of the axle d of the road wheel a, and the plate g of the breaking
mechanism.
Referring now to the modification shewn in Figures and 4, the breaking
mechanism is adapted to be moved to one or other side of the road roller or
traction engine. In this case, there is a frame e on either side of the engine, which
extends beyond the tenderb and the ends of which are coupled together by a plate e'.
This plute carries a vertical pivot bearing r, to which the inside plate g of the
mechanism is connected by a hinged carrier ; which is connected with r by a
pin The mechanism is secured to the frame e by the bolts s, which pass through
the frame e and the projecting edge of the inside plate g' of the breaking mechanism.
As a modified means of connecting the frame e with the mechanism, a bracket s-
shewn in dotted lines on the upper side of Figure 4-might be used, an 'the frame
of the mechanism would be connected to this bracket by a pin passing through an
eye on such bracket end, and an eye on the mechanism frame as shewn in dotted
lines. The tool holders in this case are supported by rollers kand / similarly as
the apparatus shewn in Figures 1 and 2; and they slide or move up and down in
the same manner as in that arrangement. The gear for operating the toothed
wheel m, and the tool holders, in this case, is shewn to consist of a large spur
wheel m³ of the shaft m', a small toothed pinion m³, meshing with m³, and fixed upon
a separate shaft supported on the frame, and having also fixed upon it the hand
actuating wheel o.
In the operation of changing the mechanism from one side to the other of
the engine, it is merely necessary to disconnect the fastening connecting that

page_text: mechanism with the frame e on the one side, swing the whole mechanism about the
pivot pin to the other side of the machine, and then fasten the mechanism to the
opposite member of the frame e on that side of the machine.
By this changing across of the breaking mechanism, both sides of the road can
be broken up quite up to the edges, without having to turn the engine round.
In the modification shewn in Figures 5 and 6, the frame e is of duplex form, that
is to say, there is a frame e next the fire box and tender, as in Figures 1 and 2, and
one outside the wheel a; while the breaking mechanism is disposed within and carried
directly by these frames behind the wheel a. The front part of the outer frame e
is carried forward and round the road wheel a as shewn, (or up to and passed over
the end of the axle d as shewn in dotted lines) and this outer frami or plate e is
supported by the wheel axle d as well as the inner frame. The tool holders,.i,
shewn in this case, consist of a rocking device, comprising metal blocks supported
upon a shaft t, supported at its ends by the frames e. The tool holders i are in
duplex arrangement as shewn, one being on either side of the frame; aud they are
provided with a quadrantal toothed rack n at the centre, with which engages a spur
wheel m, mounted upon a shaft m¹, and operated by the hand wheel o. By means of
this hand wheel and toothed mechanism, the blocks or holders i are rocked upon their
supporting shaft p, and one or other of the sets of tools are brought into action,
according to whether the engine is going forwards or backwards.
Referring to the modification shewn in Figures 7 and 8, in which breaking
mechanism is adapted to be used on one side or other of the roller, the frame plate e
in this case is arranged on either side of the fire-box and tender of the machine,
being supported by the axles d of the road wheel, and extending beyond the end of
the tender. At this end of the frames; two shafts t and m', are carried across from
Fide to side of the machine, the lower shaft t being that which carries the_tool
holder i. In the example shewn, the tool holder is of the kind shewn in Figure 5
and 6; and is provided with a quadrantal rack n carried upon the plate n' through
which, by means of the toothed wheel m on the operating shaft m', one or other of
the sets of tools is brought into the active position in relation to the road.
A connecting har P is also shewn used in this case connecting the end of the shaft
with the outer end of the road wheel axle d. When the tool holder is to be shifted
from one side of the engine to the other, this connecting bar p is removed; then
the holder or block i can be taken off the end of the shaft t, and placed on the
opposite end of this shaft projecting beyond the frame e at the other side of the
machine. When this is done, the connecting bar p is placed in position, connecting
the axle d at that side with the shaft t.
In the modification shown in Fignros 9 and 10, the frame e (which in the case
illustrated is of double form) is supported by the axle d of the road wheel, and at
one side the frame is carried up at ex and is provided at its upper edge with a
quadrantal rack ǹ, with which meshes a worm m. This worn is firmly inouoted on
the engine or roller, and takes the thrust or stress on the frame at that end, which
is caused by the pressure tending to press the tools out of the macadam or material
which they are working in; and it also, at the same time, through the hand
operating wheel o, serves to move one or other of the tool holders and tools therein
(which are carried directly on the ends of the Irames e) into or out of position.
As a modification of this arrangement, one frame e extending from the tool-holder
to the axle d, and mounted and operated as described, with its tool holder and tools,
would be provided on one axle d'of the engine for breaking up the surface when
going in one direction, while a separate one would be provided on the other wheel
axle at the other side of the engine, for breaking up the road in going in the opposite
direction, the tool holder of the one being disposed behind the road wheel at one
side, and that of the other framic in front of its road wheel.
'
As a modification of the mechanisms shown in Figures 3 and 4, adapted to be
moved from one side of the engine to the other, the frames e may be applied outside
the wheels a instead of inside as shewn, and the breaking mechanism at its outer end
connected with the frame (and supported mainly by it) by an eye and pin joint or

page_text: connection. By taking the pin out, the mechanism could be swung from the one
side of the engine to the other, and upon again inserting the pin the mechanism
becomes supported and fixed on that side.
Having now partionlarly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In machinery for breaking up Macadam roads and other surfaces, comprising
a locomotive road roller or traction engine, and a breaking mechanism, wherein the
breaking tools are carried directly on and combined with the roller or engine, the
construction substantially as herein described, comprising a frame or frames
supported by the rear road wheel axle, or by the engine or roller forward of the tender,
and carrying beyond the periphery of such road wheel, a tool holder and tools: for
the purposes specified:
7
'
2. In machinery for breaking up Macadam roads and other surfaces, comprising a
locomotive road roller or traction engine, and road breaking mechanism in a line
with the main road wheels thereof; a frame or frames (such as e) carried by the
fire box, and the axle of the road wheels, and supporting at its ends the breaking
mechanism; substantially as set forth.
3. In machinery for breaking up Macadam roads or like surfaces, comprising
a locomotive road roller or traction engine, and-breaking mechanism carried thereon,
and in line with the road wheel, consisting of duplex tool holders adapted to move
simultaneously in opposite directions up and down in the manner and by means
substantially as berein set forth, for the purposes specified.
4: Machinery for breaking up Macadam roads and like surfaces, in which the
breaking mechanism is combined with and carried on the locomotive road roller
or traction engine behind the road wheels thereof, the breaking mechanism of
which is constructed and adapted, substantially as described, to be moved from one
side of the engine to the other: for the purposes specified.
5. Road breaking machinery comprising the combination and arrangement of.
parts, consisting of the frame, e, carrying a breaking mechanism, and combined
with and disposed in relation to the engine or roller road wheel a, tender b, and
fire-box o; substantially as set forth with reference to Figures 1 and 2 of the
drawings.
6. Machinery for breaking up Macadam roads and other surfaces, comprising
the combination and arrangement of parts consisting of the frames e, carrying a
breaking mechanism, adapted to be used on one or other side of the engine or roller,
and combined with and disposed in relation to the engine or roller road wheel a,
tender.b, and fire-box c; substantially as set forth with reference to Figures 3 and 4
of the drawings.
7. Machinery for breaking up Macadam roads and other surfaces,. comprising
the combination and arrangement of parts consisting of the frames e, carrying
a breaking mechanism, adapted to be used on one or other side of the engine or
roller, and combined with and disposed in relation to the engine or roller road
wheel a, tender b, and fire-box c; substantially as set forth with reference to
Figures 7 and 8 of the drawings.
8. Machinery for breaking up Macadam roads and other surfaces, comprising
the combination and arrangement of parts consisting of the frames e, carrying a
breaking mechanism, and combined with and disposed in relation to the engine or
roller road wheel a, substantially as set forth with reference to Figures 9 and 10
of the drawings.
9. Machinery for breaking up Macadam roads and other surfaces, comprising the
combination and arrangement of parts, consisting of frames e, a rocking tool holder i
supported in said frames, and adapted to operate substantially as set forth with
reference to Figures 5 and 6 of the drawings.
10. A road breaking mechanism for use upon a locomotive road roller or traction
engine, having tool holders and tools in duplex arrangement, and constructed and

page_text: adapted to operate as set forth with reference to and shewn in Figures 1 and 2, and
Figures 3 and 4 of the drawings.
11. The road breaking machinery comprising the locomotive road roller or traction
engine, and breaking mechanism, having the parts arranged, constructed, and adapted
to operate as set forth with reference to the different modifications and sets of
figures shewn in the drawings.
Dated the 12th day of August 1896.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
15 Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Agents.