IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR STOPPING OR RETARDING CARRIAGES ON RAIL OR TRAM WAYS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Boden, of the Friary, Derby, in the
County of Derby, Gentleman, and Squire Whitehurst, of No. 38,
London Street, in the said Derby, Mechanic, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR STOPPING OR RETARDING
CARRIAGES ON RAIL OR TRAM WAYS."
Scaled the 2nd November 1875, and dated the 3rd September 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Boden and
Squire Whitehurst at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 3rd September 1875.
We, HENRY BODEN, of the Friary, Derby, in the County of Derby,
Gentleman, and SQUIRE WHITEHURST, of No. 38, London Street, in the
said Derby, Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR STOPPING OR RETARDING
CARRIAGES ON RAIL OR TRAM WAYS," to be as follows:-

page_text: motive-power carriage from contact with the rail or tram way, by which
the additional wheels or rollers will have given to them a reverse or
retrograde movement, tending to stop or give a retrograde movement to
such locomotive engine or other carriage to which the Invention is
applied, without necessitating the stopping or reversing the direction of
motion of the engine. For this purpose in connection with each driving
wheel of an engine or other motive-power carriage I apply a pair of
additional wheels, which when required, by lever and connecting rods,
are capable of being brought simultaneously into contact with such
driving wheels and with the rails, and so as to lift such driving wheels
from such rails, when the tendency of the continued forward rotary
motion of these driving wheels will be, in acting on these extra rollers
or wheels, as intermediate wheels to cause them to travel in the opposite
direction, and thereby more effectually to resist the momentum produced
by the action of the driving wheels when upon the rails. The levers or
parts supporting these extra wheels are applied and actuated with
sufficient force to resist the strain thus applied to them.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Honry Boden and Squire Whitchurst in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 3rd March 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, HENRY
BODEN, of the Friary, Derby, in the County of Derby, Gentleman,
and SQUIRE WHITEHURST, of No. 38, London Street, in the said Derby,
Mechanic, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Hor reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said Henry Boden and Squire
Whitehurst, Her special license that wc, the said Henry Boden and
Squire Whitehurst, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Henry Boden and Squire Whitehurst, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during

page_text: or
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR STOPPING OR RETARDING CARRIAGES
ON RAIL OR TRAM WAYS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we,
the said Henry Boden and Squire Whitehurst, our executors
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our
hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
or their

page_text: But that the Invention may be fully understood wo will by the aid of
the accompanying Drawings proceed to describe means pursued by us
in carrying the same into effect.
Figure 1 shows in outline some portion of a locomotive engine, with
adaptatious thereto according to our Invention; Figure 2 represents a
corresponding end view.
Figures 3, 4, and 5 show some of the parts separately on a larger
scale.
In each of the Figures the same letters' indicato corresponding parts
wherever they occur.
u, a, represents in outline the framing of the engine; b, b, represents
two driving wheels supposed to be connected to work together; and c,
one of the assisting bearing wheels; and d, e and e' represent
additional wheels or rollers capable of being acted upon so as to bear
against the driving wheels. The axles of these wheels d, d, e, e¹, are
acted upon so as to their being brought into operation or taken out of
operation when required in the following manner:- is a cylinder
attached to the framing a under the foot plate or in other suitable
position. Within this cylinder is applied a piston f' capable of being
acted upon as desired on either side thereof by steam from the boiler.
The piston rod of the piston f¹ passes through a suitable stuffing box
in one end of the cylinder, and is thence connected by pin joint f³ to a
slide f', which is capable of sliding in an opening provided for it in an
arm g' affixed to the shaft g, and to this shaft g are also applied other
arms g² and g³. The arms g² are by links h and i connected to the axles
of the respectivo rollers or wheels d and d', and thence by other links j
and to the arms of the rocking shaft l, and to the shaft c¹ of the
wheels c.
'
The arms garo by links m and n connected to the axes of the wheels
or rollers e and e³, and the axes of the wheels or rollers e² are by links o
connected to other arms from the shaft or axis l.
Supposing the engine, Figure 1, to be travelling in the direction from
right to left, as indicated by the arrow, and it is desirable to arrest the
motion of it, then on steam being let into the cylinder to act on the

page_text: lower side of the piston f, the arm g¹ will be raised to cause a partial
rotation of the shaft or axis g, and a corresponding movement of the
arm g³ to cause a drag on the links h and i, by which the wheels or
rollers d and d¹ will be drawn in contact with the peripheries of the
driving wheels b, b. At the same time the link j by acting on the
arm will cause a partial rotation or rocking of the shaft 1, by which
the arm & will, by pulling on the links o, n, cause the wheels or rollers
e', e, to be simultaneously drawn to the opposite sides or surfaces of the
peripheries of the driving wheels b, b.
The portions of the links k, which embrace the axle of the wheels c,
are slotted, and the object of these slotted links is to prevent the wheels
d, d¹, and e, e¹, from being drawn too far under the driving wheels b, b;
it will also have a direct tendency to keep the bearing wheels more
firmly on the rails. The projections i, i¹ n', n', applied to the respective
links i, n, serve a like purpose. p and q are flanged rollers, and » are
guards to act on the insides of the rails to preserve proper relations in
the event of the driving wheels jumping too high.
When the pressure of steam is removed from the under side of the
piston to the upper side thereof the wheels or rollers d, d³, and e, e¹,
be removed from contact with the driving wheels b, b.
will
When steam is admitted to the cylinder the action on the additional
wheels or rollers is controlled by the action of a screw t acting as a brake
screw on another arm & from the shaft g. Thus, supposing a foggy or
other very obscure night, the driver in starting would turn his steam
into the cylinder, but it would not act on account of the brake screw
holding the rocking shaft g from moving, but when he saw any indica-
tion of danger,. the steam being ready behind the piston, whatever the
speed, he would more or less gradually by means of the brake screw pull
the extra wheels under the driving wheels, and thus prevent the imme-
diate action of the steam from operating with too much violence.
Figure 5 shows the brake screw and its arm separately, but without
the bearings for such screw, and which are of the ordinary kind. 8, 8, 8,
are suspending links, one end of each of which is hung from the
framing, and the other is connected to the axles of the additional wheels
or rollers.
mi

page_text: Having thus described our Invention, and means which we adopt in
carrying the same into effect, we would have it understood that what
we claim is, the arranging or combining parts, whereby additional
wheels or rollers may be brought to act upon the opposite sides or
surfaces of the peripheries of driving wheels of locomotive engines or
other motive-power carriages for stopping or retarding carriages on rail
or tram ways, as described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Henry Boden and Squire
Whitehurst, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-
ninth day of February, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-six.