Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Mar., 1886.
Complete Left, 17th Dec., 1886..
Complete Accepted, 18th Jan., 1887.
I, JAMES LOVE, of 9 Millias Terrace, Leyton Road, Stratford, in the County of
Essex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to furnace bars and to the details for attachment of same, and
is designed to render the said bars more durable under intense heat, and to aid the
evaporation of the boiler by causing water from the least heated portion of the boiler
to circulate through the said bars.
To effect this purpose I carry a pipe across the front of the boiler furnace or
furnaces, to form one bearer or attachment for the hollow bars.
One end of this bearer pipe is led into the boiler at a low level and where the water
is coldest, the other end being led into the boiler also, but at a higher level.
Intervening check and shut off valves, between the ends of the bearing pipe and the
boiler respectively, may be used, by which the bearing pipe can be cut off from commu-
nication with the boiler for repairs or removal of a bar. Two cocks also are fitted
to the bearing pipe, one at the highest part, and the other at the lowest part, by which
the steam and water can be allowed to escape when the bearing pipe is shut off from
the boiler.
The said bearing pipe is divided by a diaphragm into a higher and lower section,
the lower section being in communication with the lower part of the boiler, and the
upper section in communication with the upper part of the boiler.
A series of ports are made in both these sections and are provided with flange faces.
The hollow bars may be plain tubes closed at one end and at the other fitted with or
into ends provided with double port faces and flanges, so as to make a steam joint
with the bearing pipe by means of the usual bolts and an asbestos or other refractory
packing. The position of this joint is so arranged that the bars can be withdrawn
clear of the bearing pipe in case of repair or replacement. The aforesaid pipe bar
end is divided by a diaphragm, so as to determine the circulation in the bar as far as
Dossible.

page_text: Should it be necessary to make these hollow bars divided by a diaphragm for the
whole length, with the exception of an aperture at the farther end, thus absolutely
determining the circulation from end to end of the bar; then, in this case, it would
probably be convenient to construct the bar in two pieces.
Or, I may form the bar in the shape of a U bend; the U being placed either verti-
cally or horizontally, so that the circulation takes place through the bent tube.
Probably the most convenient arrangement of the U tube would be vertical, so that
the hot water should circulate backwards to the bearing pipe through the upper part
of the tube.
FELL & WILDING,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Furnace Bars and Attachments thereto.
I, JAMES LOVE, of 9 Millias Terrace, Leyton Road, Stratford, in the County of
Essex Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
FURNACE BARS AND ATTACHMENTS THERETO and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in fire bars and to the details for the attach-
ment of the same to the furnaces in which they are to be used, and has for its object
the rendering of the said bars more durable when exposed to the action of intense heat
and also to aid the evaporative power of the boiler in which they are used and to
maintain a better and more reliable circulation of the water within the same by causing
the water from the usually least heated portion of the boiler to circulate through the
said bars.
To effect this purpose I employ bars and carry a pipe across the front of the boiler
furnace or furnaces which forms a bearer or attachment for the outer ends of the said
hollow bars the other ends resting on the bridge in the usual manner or being other-
wise supported as may be found most expedient.
One end of this bearer pipe communicates by means of a suitable connection with
the boiler at a low level where the water is coldest while the other end is led into the
boiler at a higher level.
Intermediate check and shut off valves placed between the ends of the bearer pipe
and the boiler respectively are provided, by means of which the bearer pipe can be cut
off from communication with the boiler for the purpose of repairs or the replacement
of a bar. Drain cocks are also provided by means of which the steam and water can
be blown off when the bearer pipe is shut off from the boiler. As is hereinafter
fully described the said bearer pipe is divided by a horizontal diaphragm into an upper
and lower section or chamber, the lower one being in connection with the lower part.
of the boiler and the upper one in connection with the upper part of the boiler as
hereinbefore indicated.
A series of openings or ports are made in both the upper and lower sections or
chambers and these are each provided with flange faces.
The hollow bars may be plain tubes of wrought iron or other suitable metal closed
at one end and at the other fitted with or into ends provided with double port faces
and flanges corresponding to those provided on the bearer pipe so as to allow of a steam
joint being made between them by means of bolts and nuts and an asbestos or other
refractory packing. The position of this joint is so arranged as to be clear of the fires
and thus allow of a bar or bars being withdrawn in case of repair or replacement becom-
ing necessary without hindrance from the heat of the fire. In this arrangement the
pipe bar is divided for some distance by a diaphragm so as to determine the circulation
of the water within the bar as far as is possible. Or the bar may take the shape of
an U bent, the U being placed either vertically or horizontally so that the circulation
takes place through the bent tube.
I should use either of the above forms of wrought or tube bars where liquid or gaseous
fuel forms the combustible to be used in the boiler, and should preferably employ the
form of cast iron bar hereinafter fully described and illustrated in those cases where

page_text: coal or other solid fuel forms the heating agent, it being well understood that a simple
modification of the parts would render them applicable for use with either form of bar.
Having thus set forth the object and nature of this my invention I will now proceed
to more particularly describe the manner in which the same is to be carried into effect
by reference to the annexed sheet of drawings.
Figure 1, sheet 1, shows a vertical front elevation of a boiler with a bearer pipe and
attachments fitted, while Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section of a bar and a cross
section of the bearer pipe taken on the line a, a of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3, sheet 2, is an enlarged longitudinal section of a bar showing also the bearer
pipe in cross section, while Fig. 4 is a vertical elevation of the outer end of a bar
showing the ports and means for attaching the same to the bearer pipe. Referring now
to the several figures it will be seen that the bearer pipe A runs diametrically across
the front of the furnace B of the boiler C, and is held in place by means of the projec-
tions a formed upon both ends of it, and rivets b only one of each of which are shown.
As will be seen by Fig. 3 this bearer pipe is divided into an upper and lower section or
chamber c and d, by the diaphragm D, the upper chamber communicating with the
boiler at a point just below its normal water level by means of the stop valve F and
rising main G while the lower chamber communicates with the dead water under the
furnace by means of the stop valve H and suction pipe I suitably formed to agree with
the contour of the boiler and furnace.
The bearer pipe is provided at suitable intervals along its inner face with openings
or ports e, f, corresponding with the similar openings or ports h, i, formed in the
hollow bars. This inner face is flanged up where desired so as to ensure a steam
tight joint being made between it and the similarly flanged up end face of the bar.
The hollow bars J Figs. 2, 3, 4 are in this case shown as of cast iron and are each
divided by a diaphragm L into an upper and lower section or chamber m, n.
Each bar is preferably provided with a screwed plug N to facilitate the withdrawal
of the cores used in their manufacture and which also allows of the bar being
cleaned out should it become choked.
The bars are attached to the bearer pipe by means of the bolts and nuts V, V', the
latter of which is formed with a T head. This T head engages with the lugsj.j. formed
on the upper part of the bar, Fig. 4, while the bolt V has an ordinary square head and
passes through the opening k in the lower part of the bar. It is thus only necessary
to slack the upper and take out the lower bolt when it is required to remove a bar.
The steam joint between the bar and the bearer pipe being made with asbestos or other
refractory packing as desired.
The drain cocks YY serve respectively to drain the upper and lower sections or
chambers of the bearer pipe and the bars when it is necessary to isolate them from the
boiler.
When in use the action is as follows.
On lighting the fires the top sides of the bars become heated and a flow of water is set
up as indicated by the arrows, this action becoming more intense as the heat increases.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :
First. The combination of the hereinbefore described apparatus for the purpose of
prolonging the life of fire bars when exposed to intense heat such as obtains in furnaces
worked under forced draught, and for setting up a more thorough circulation of the
water used in boilers than is now obtained.
Second. The modification of the parts as hereinbefore described, to wit, the employ-
ment of tube bars for use in furnaces where liquid or gaseous fuel is used as the heat
producing medium.