IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH LAMPS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Nicholas Sanders at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th October 1868.
I, GEORGE NICHOLAS SANDERS, of Langham Street, Portland Place,
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH LAMPS," to be as
follows:-
The chief objects of my Invention are to compel all the air for
supporting combustion in a ring burner or a burner having a central
opening to pass through the centre of the burner; to obviate shadows
from street and other lamps; to prevent the glass surrounding the lamp
from breaking from the heat or flame; to prevent all down draught upon
the burner; to allow of the inside of the glass being readily cleaned; and
to provide means for readily turning on and off the gas to gaseliers
and other lights to which the gas is supplied from above.
In carrying out my Invention I employ a glass or globe of peculiar
form; it consists of a vertical tube forming the lower part, and which
suddenly expands horizontally or nearly so into a wide cylinder open at
the top, the whole being somewhat like an inverted wide bottle. The

page_text: tube of the glass rests at bottom on a triangle or frame on the gas pipe.
On the top of the glass tube and inside the glass cylinder I place a tube
or cylinder of talc or other suitable bad conductor of heat, which tube
or cylinder is interposed between the glass tube and the ring burner so
as to prevent any air passing from the glass tube to the outside of the
burner; the tale also prevents the heat being transmitted from the metal
of the burner to the glass. I employ a ring burner or an octagonal
or other angular burner with a central opening. I bevel or chamfer
the inner upper edge of the burner and place the gas apertures on the
outer edge so as to prevent shadows. I also leave at intervals portions
of the burner without apertures, that is to say, the burner has alternately
several apertures and an interval without apertures. From the centre
of the burner I carry up a rod which supports at a short distance above
the flame an adjustable inverted hollow cone of talc or other suitable
material; the flame striking against this cone is caused to expand
horizontally, but does not strike the glass cylinder because that is made
of sufficient width to prevent its coming in contact therewith. The
current of air through the centre of the burner protects the cone from
excessive heat and causes perfect combustion. The upper part of the
rod supports a cap or cover to the lamp, the cap being provided with
a socket to fit over the rod. A space is left between the cap and the
glass cylinder for egress of air; any draught or wind entering through
this space is prevented by the cone from striking the flame. When
it is required to clean the inside of the glass cylinder the cap can be
readily removed and replaced. In gaseliers and other lamps supplied
from above I turn on and off the supply of gas by a piston free to slide
in a tube so as to uncover or cover as required a communication from
the gas pipe; the piston may be operated by a screw. In lamps supplied
from above, the gas pipe itself may take the place of the rod before-
described.
My Invention, with the exception of the means of turning on and off
the gas and the arrangement of the apertures in the burner, applies
to lamps for burning oils.