Improvements in Oil and Spirit Lamps and Stoves.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Feb., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 25th Nov., 1890-Accepted, 27th Dec., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Oil and Spirit Lamps and Stoves.
We ARTHUR WHICKER of 42 Victoria Street Dublin Commercial Traveller and
WILLIAM HENRY PARKER of 37 Wrentham Road Handsworth Manager, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
:
This invention has for its object the prevention of the descent of the heat into the
lamp and wick, which heat causes the excessive rising of the flame, and is especially
applicable to central circular or other central draught lamps; and consists in the
application of cork, asbestos, ivory, or other nonconducting material which may be
applied to the lamp or stove as follows, namely by using the nonconductor as
washers, rings, or tubes, or coverings or linings for washers, rings, or tubes or as
covering or lining for other appliance or appliances used for the purpose of carrying
the spreader or other contrivance used for spreading the flame. The rod, tube, or
tubes which are connected with the flame spreader may be divided and a piece of
nonconducting material inserted between the divided portions. The nonconducting
material may also be used to prevent the heat descending the wick tube, by the use
of washers or an intersecting piece or pieces as described for the other tube or tubes.
The introduction of nonconducting material as above described in the construction
of lamps may be applied to any lamp or lantern with or without a chimney, where it
is of importance to prevent the heat caused by the flame from descending to the
wick or into the body of the lamp.
Another mode of preventing the descent of the heat into the lamp or wick is to
disconnect the parts heated by the flame from the other portions of the lamp or stove
and fix these parts to some other part of the lamp not effected by the heat such as the
base of the lamp or stove.
Dated this 94th day of February 1890
HENRY F. TALBOT,
7, Cherry Street, Birmingham, Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Oil and Spirit Lamps and Stoves.
We ARTHUR WHIOKER, of 42 Victoria Street Dublin Commercial Traveller and
WILLIAM HENRY PARKER of 37 Wrentham Road Handsworth Manager, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters and figures
marked thereon :-
==
This invention has for its object the prevention of the descent of the heat in
lamps and stoves from the parts in contact with and affected by the flame, to the
wick and oil, or other material with which the wick feeds the flame.
We are aware that cork rings and washers have been used previously to prevent
contact between the burners of lamps and stoves and the vessel containing the oil,
but our invention prevents undue heat reaching the wick and wick tube so that they
may not be overheated by the metal parts (which connect the wick tube with the
other parts of the burner) conducting the heat from the dome or the spreader or other
part or parts in contact with or affected by the flame.
The primary cause of lamps taking fire or exploding is the overheating of the oil
in the wick at the base of the burner; this causes gas to be given off at the base of
the burner; forcing its way between the plates or parts of the burner it becomes

page_text: ignited by the flame. The heat so caused unsolders the parts of the burner which
falls to pieces and the wick and oil frequently become ignited in consequence.
By preventing any undue heat from reaching the wick tube our invention renders
petroleum and other lamps burning mineral or volatile oils with the ordinary type of
burner perfectly safe from explosion or taking fire.
The method by which we accomplish this is by placing rings or washers or small
pieces or a coating of non-conducting material between the domes spreaders or
portions of the lamp carrying the dome spreader or parts in contact with and affected
by the flame and the base or tube or portion of the burner or lamp connecting the
wick tube or tubes with the other portions of the burner or lamp.
Or it may be done by allowing a space to exist between these parts so that there is
a thin current of air between them; the parts if necessary being connected to each
other by a few small rivets.
We will now refer to the accompanying drawings to illustrate our invention.
The similar letters of reference on the various drawings refer to similar parts.
Fig. 1. is a section of an ordinary "duplex-burner;" the dome (a) has two slots
through which the flames pass and has attached to it the metal band or serrated
piece which holds the chimney. As the flames pass through these slots the dome
naturally becomes intensley hot; we place a collar or washer of non-conducting
material (c) (c) between the band (b) carrying the dome and chimney holder and
the body of the burner (d). This prevents the heat reaching the top and bottom
cups or plates (e) (e) by means of which the wick tube () is fixed, and which
connects or fastens them to the other portions of the burner. The collar or washer
may also advantageously be placed at either (c¹) between the globe holder and body
or at (9) and (h) where the wick tubes are connected with the base of the burner,
the object being to prevent the heat acquired by the dome (a) from reaching the
wick tube (2) by means of the plates (e) and (e).
Fig. 2 is a section of a circular central draught lamp and burner. The wick tube
consists of an inner tube (*) an outer tube (22) with a flame spreader (k) above the
dome (a). The non-conducting collar or washer may be fixed either at (b) where the
dome and chimney holder join the body of the burner or at (g) where the wick
tube (3) joins the base of the burner, this cuts off the heat acquired by the dome
from connection with the wick tube (2). The isolation of the wick tube is therefore
complete as regards the outer case The flame spreader (k) being fitted onto a
stem () having a position inside the inner tube (2) would naturally communicate
heat (being exposed to the full power of the flame) by means of the stem (s) to the
tube (2); this is prevented by the introduction of a non-conductor either at (1)
cutting off the stem (s) from its lower portion (2) or at (m) the ends of the arms
connecting the stem () with the tube (2).
Figs. 3, 4, & 5 are modifications of the same idea. In Fig. 3 the stem (s) fits
into a metal collar (n) which is provided with a band or lining of non-conducting
material to prevent metallic contact between the stem (s) and the arms by which its
position is maintained in the inner tube (2). In Fig. 4 the stem (s) is divided and a
non-conducting nozzle (n¹) fixed or screwed between (s) and (s). In Fig. 5 the
Don-conductor is fitted as a band (n³) round a strip of metal or other substance in
such a way that the non-conducting material only can touch the wick tube (2). Or
the stem (s) may be made entirely of some non-conducting material. Another
method which we claim for preventing undue heat from the spreader (k) communi-
cating with the inner tube (=) is to extend the stem (s) and carry it right through
the tube fixing it to the base foot or other part of the lamp such as (1) Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 shews the application of our invention to a chimneyless burner. The
metal case (a) is intended to generate and contain gas from the oil brought up by
the wick through the tnbe (2), the necessary heat being retained in the case (a) by
the non-conductor being placed at the base as a part of the case as at (6) or a band
or washer between the case and the lower portion of the burner as at (c).
In burners used with heating and cooking stoves the non-conducting material
would he placed between the part or parts of the burner and stove subject to the

page_text: heat of the flame and the joints or pieces connecting those parts of the burner and
stove with the wick tube and oil vessel in such a manner as to isolate the wick tube
as substantially described in Figures 1 and 2.
Fig. 7, shews a method of preventing undue heat descending from the dome (a) to
the body of the burner by raising the parts carrying the dome and chimney holder
and allowing a space (o) to exist between those parts and the body of the burner
the necessary fixing or connection being done by means of small rivets (r).
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we
claim is:
1. The introduction of non-conducting material into lamps and stoves between the
parts subject to be heated by the flame and the other portions of the burner which
connect those parts with the wick tube.
2. The separating of the parts of lamps and stoves subject to be heated by the
flame from the other portions of the burner which connect those parts with the wick
tube by placing an air space between them substantially as described and illustrated
in Fig. 7.
3. The application of the non-conducting material for the object above set forth to
the flame spreader in lamps and stoves.
4. The extending of the supporting stem of the spreader to the foot or other
portions of the lamp to which the communication of heat is of no consequence.
Dated this 24th day of November 1890.
HENRY F. TALBOT,
7, Cherry Street, Birmingham, Agent to the Applicants.
HENRY F. TALBOT,
7, Cherry Street, Birmingham, Agent to the Applicants.