IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Julien D'Helle, Civil Engineer, and Albert Viscount
de Waresquiel, Gentleman, both of Paris, (France,) for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK."
Sealed the 19th February 1858, and dated the 4th December 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Julien D'Helle and
Albert Viscount de Waresquiel at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 4th December 1857.
We, JULIEN D'HELLE, Civil Engineer, and ALBERT Viscount DE WARESQUIEL,
Gentleman, both of Paris, (France,) do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK," to be as follows:-
These improvements in railway rolling stock relate to the construction of
carriages, trucks, carts, vans, wagons, and other carriages, whether the same
are to be employed on common railroads or on railways, in mines, or on such
ways with permanent rails as are generally called tramways. They consist in
causing the body or upper part of the carriages to turn on the frame or lower
part by having interposed between those two parts a circular plate or small
frame, revolving by means of friction rollers in the horizontal direction over
the carriage frame round a central bolt or spindle, so as to allow the said body
of the carriage to turn round for an entire circle or only for a part of it; or
the said frame or plate may only form part of a circle, and the central bolt
arranged in such manner as to allow the body to turn over also in the vertical

page_text: direction. The first arrangement is particularly useful for the loading and
unloading of the carriages, for which purpose one or more of the sides of the
body of the carriage may be made to turn on hinges so as to permit of being
turned down, and thus to serve as an inclino for the loading or unloading of
the carriage. The second arrangement, by which the body may also turn over
in the vertical direction, is particularly useful for ballast wagons. Another
improvement consists in giving to each wheel its proper axle of only a small
length, so as to allow the same to turn at both ends in suitable bearings; this
contrivance allows each wheel to revolve separately with different velocities,
and one or more wheels in an opposite direction to the others.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Julien D'Helle and Albert Viscount de Waresquiel in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 4th June 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JULIEN
D'HELLE, Civil Engineer, and ALBERT Viscount DE WARESQUIEL, Gentleman,
both of Paris, France, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Julien D'Helle and Albert Viscount de Waresquiel, Her special licence
that we, the said Julien D'Helle and Albert Viscount de Waresquic!,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Julien
D'Helle and Albert Viscount de Waresquiel, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Julien D'Helle and Albert Viscount de Waresquicl,
our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascer
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Julien Dielle and Albert Viscount
de Waresquiet, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
These improvements in railway rolling stock relate 1 to an improved
construction of the frame of trucks, carts, vans, waggons, and other carriages
employed either on ordinary railroads or on those called tramways; and, 21,
to a new arrangement of the axles of such carriages. The first part of the
Invention consists in providing any suitable quantity of the carriages with aụ
arrangement which for various objects, such as the loading and unloading of
carriages, may supersede the use of the ordinary turnplates; thus allowing to a
certain extent to diminish the number of these latter.
In the annexed Drawings Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a truck
arranged according to our Invention; Fig. 2 represents a longitudinal
elevation view, and Fig. 3. an end elevation view of a transport truck, of
which Fig. 4 shows a top view of the lower platform of the frame of the truck;
Fig. 5 shows the top view of another construction of platform; Fig. 6 is a side
elevation view of a ballast waggon arranged according to our Invention;
Fig. 7 is a front elevation view and Fig. 8 a top view of the lower platform
of the frame. In these various Figures corresponding parts are indicated by
the same letters of reference. The arrangement consists in causing the body A
of the carriage to be independent of the frame B or lower part of the same,
this body A being further allowed to turn in the horizontal direction by means
of suitable friction rollers Cover the upper part of the frame B, the said
friction rollers C being inserted and distributed at the required distance apart
in a cast or wrought-iron ring D, and caused to revolve on short axles and
between two flat rings E and E', of the same diameter, and suitably fixed, tho
first to the upper part of the frame, and the second to the underside of tho
body of the carriage, the ring D turning round a central spindle or bolt F
fixed with its upper part to the body A of the carriage, whereas its lower end
revolves in a socket fixed in the platform. This sort of platform or turntable
allows consequently to the body A of the carriage of turning freely, if required,
in the horizontal direction over the frame B, round the pivot or bolt F, which
offers a particular advantage for the loading or unloading, inasmuch as the
body of the carriage may bo turned in such manner as to bring one of its ends
over the landing place, and thus allow of carrying the goods at once by means
of an incline into. the body of the carringe. And in order still further to
facilitate this loading or unloading for transport waggons, we cause the hind
part of the body of them suitably to turn over on hinges, or by any other

page_text: means, in order that tho said bind part being let down forms an incline, over
which the loading or unloading may at once take place. The Figs. 6, 7, and 8
represent the same arrangement of turntable applied to a ballast waggon to be
employed for carrying earth, ballast, or other materials required in laying down
railways. In this case, instead of causing the friction rollers to be inserted and
distributed in a circle or ring, wo have them inserted in a half or semicircle
or ring or suitable segment G, the body of the waggon being supported on
this segment G by means of suitable standards II and cross ties I. In this
arrangement the central bolt or spindle is formed of two pieces K and I, the
upper part L being inserted in and connected by a cross bolt to the forked
top of the lower part K, so as to allow the body of the waggon to turn over in
the vertical direction over this cross bolt'l. By means of this arrangement the
body of the waggon may consequently be turned in the horizontal direction
over the frame, and at the same time be tilted or turned over in the vertical
direction, so as to allow discharging at once the waggon of the earth contained
therein, the back part of the waggon being moveable, after which the waggon
is replaced in the horizontal and turned to the required position ready to bo
reloaded.
A second part of our improvements consists in giving to each wheel of our
carriages its proper axle independent of those of the other wheels. Fig. 5
represents the top view of a truck frame provided with this arrangement,
which is applicable to every description of waggons or other carriages used on
railways, but which we intend more particularly to make use of for waggons or
carriages used on that sort of railways called tramways. Instead of the two
ordinary outside or buffer beams wo provide the frame with four beams
N, N', N, No, forming two pairs N, N', and N, N, kept together at the ends
by the cross beams M and M', and strengthened further by the short stays O
and the cross beams P and Q, the entire suitably bolted together. Each of the
wheels R has its proper short axle S provided with suitable journals, with
which tho same turns in proper axlo boxes fixed in the usual manner to the
truck framo. This arrangement allows consequently each wheel of revolving
separately with different velocities, and one or moro wheels to turn in opposite
directions of the others, thus preventing torsion in the axles and allowing the
better turning of short curves.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the manner in
which the samo is or may be used or carried into effect, we would observe,
in conclusion, that we do not confine or restrict ourselves to the precise
details or arrangements which we have had occasion to describe, as many
variations may be made therefrom without deviating from the principles or

page_text: main features of the said Invention; but what we consider to be novel and
original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to us by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent, is,-
1, the system of providing railway carriages with a species of turntable,
so as to make the body of the carriage moveable in the horizontal direction
over the frame or under part of the carriage.round a vertical spindle, over
which latter, in some instances, and more particularly for the class of waggons
employed for carrying earth or ballast, the said body may be caused to turn
also in the vertical direction, so as to allow the tilting of the body of the
waggon.
2, the system of providing each wheel of the carriages with its proper axle
independant of those of the other wheels.
In witness whereof, I, the said Albert Viscount de Waresquiel, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of May, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Witness,
J. SOUTH.
VT A. DE WARESQUIEL (LS.)