IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS AND MOULDS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO PIPES AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Henry James Grout, of No. 19, Havering
Street, Commercial Road, E., in the County of Middlesex, Engineer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS
AND MOULDS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO PIPES AND OTHER SIMILAR
ARTICLES."
Sealed the 26th February 1869, and dated the 22nd September 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Henry James,
Grout at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 22nd September 1868.
I, WILLIAM HENRY JAMES GROUT, of No. 19, Havering Street, Com-
mercial Road, E., in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF APPARATUS AND MOULDS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO PIPES.
AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
contain imnmovements in annaratus and

page_text: The apparatus is made of cast or wrought iron; brass, steel, or other
suitable metal in the following manner:-A table plate of equal
thickness and the required size, having projections thereon for the
purpose of attaching a lever and screw of any desired length or diameter;
there arc sides screwed to the said table plate, having brackets fitted of
iron, steel, or brass for supporting or carrying a quadrant having cogs or
teeth thereon, and made to gear into a rack having cogs on one side
thereof; this rack is made to slide in grooves which are fixed to the said
table plate either in a vertical position or at an incline to suit the action
of the quadrant. A connecting rod is attached to the before-named lever
by means of a knuckle or circular joint, the other end of the connecting
rod is sccured to the quadrant spindle. The lever being put in action
gives the pressure from the screw revolving in a vertical position,
while the quadrant receives an horizontal motion. The moulds are made
of cast or wrought iron, brass, copper, or steel, and are made in halves
fitted with studs or pins to hold them in position for receiving the
pressure of the said screw with the action of the quadrant in giving
motion to the rack for direct acting in the manufacture of tobacco pipes
and other similar articles.
To prepare the pipe clay I make two or more cast-iron rolls fitted to an
iron or wood frame; a spindle or shaft is fixed in the roll on which it
will rotate; these rolls are grooved, the clay passing between them
all damp or moisture is removed, and the clay is then in good
condition for the manufacture of tobacco pipes and other similar
articles.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Henry James Grout in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 22nd March 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
HENRY JAMES GROUT, of No. 19, Havering Street, Commercial Road, E., 3
in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the

page_text: thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said William Henry James Grout,
Her special licence that I, the said William Henry James Grout,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said William Henry James Grout, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OF APPARATUS AND MOULDS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO PIPES AND
OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said William Henry James Grout, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Henry James Grout, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing
hereto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is
to say:-
This Invention consists of certain improvements in apparatus and
moulds for making tobacco pipes and other similar articles.
The apparatus is made of cast or wrought iron, brass, steel, or other
suitable metal in the following manner:-A table plate of equal thick-
ness and the required sizo having projections thercon for the purpose of
attaching a lever and screw of any desired length or diameter; there are
sides screwed to the said table plate having brackets fitted of iron, steel,
or brass for supporting or carrying a horizontal spindle or shaft with a
quadrant at each end having cogs or teeth thereon and made to gear into
racks having cogs or teeth on one side thereof; these racks are made to
slide in grooves which are fixed to the said table plate either in a vertical-
position or at an incline to suit the action of the quadrants. A con-
necting rod is attached to the before-named lever by means of a knuckle,

page_text: or circular joint, the other end of the connecting rod being connected to
the quadrant spindle. The lever being put in action imparts a vertical
motion to the screw, while the quadrant spindle receives a rotatory
motion at the same time. The moulds are made of cast or wrought iron,
brass, copper, or steel, and are made in halves fitted with studs or pins 5
to hold them in position for receiving the pressure of the said screw with
the action of the quadrant in giving motion to the racks for direct acting
in the manufacture of tobacco pipes and other similar articles.
To prepare the pipe clay I make two or more cast-iron rolls fitted to
an iron or wood frame; a spindle or shaft is fixed in each roll on which 1
it will rotate; these rolls are grooved, the clay passing between them
its damp or moisture is partly removed, and the clay is then in good
condition for the manufacture of tobacco pipes and other similar
articles.
To make my Invention better understood I will now proceed to ]
describe the same by reference to the accompanying Drawing, in which
Figure 1 is a plan of my improved apparatus and mould for making
tobacco pipes; Figure 2, front elevation; Figure 3, side clevation; and
Figure 4, back elevation of same; Figure 5, section on line A, B, of
Figure 1; Figure 6, half plan of the wires used for making the holes in
the stems of the pipes; Figure 7, elevation of one of the rolls for first
pressing the clay; Figure 8, elevation, and Figure 9, half section of one
of the rolls for moulding the clay ready to be inserted in the mould.
Similar letters in all the Figures represent similar parts.
a, a, a, is the table plate having the projections b, b, and cross bar c, c,
which latter is provided with a female screw d worked by the lever e, e;
f, male screw which is moved down when the female screw d is turned
by the lever e; j,j, sides of the table plate a, a, on which are fixed the
standards g, g, with brackets h, h, carrying the spindle or shaft i furnished
with a toothed quadrant k at each end; these quadrants gear into the
toothed racks 1, 2, which move in grooves m in the standards 9, 9;
n, connecting rod attached to the lever e by the knuckle and pivot
joints, the other end of the connecting rod being similarly jointed at
to one end of the link o, the other end of this link being fixed to the
shaft i of the quadrants k; p lower, and p¹ upper half of the mould,
which halves fit together and are kept in position by studs or pins, and
are made to exactly fit between the sides of the table plate so as to be
easily withdrawn from or placed in the apparatus; ", (Figure 5,) spring

page_text: placed under the lower half p of the mould; 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, cylindrical pointed
plungers placed over the open parts t, t, of the mould for forming the
hollows of the bowls of the pipes, their lower ends being of the required
shape for that purpose; these plungers are screwed to the connecting
plate or bar u of the racks 1, 1; v, v, wires which are run in the openings
v, v, z, z, of the mould so as to make the holes in the stems of the
pipes; w0, plate (screwed on the mould by nuts and screws, as shown,)
for guiding the wires; x, set screw; y, (Figure 5,) knife for removing
surplus clay when the mould is withdrawn.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The clay from which the
pipes are to be made is first passed through a pair of rolls having a
groove at each end, as shewn at Figure 7, by which the damp or moisture
is partly removed from the clay, which latter is then passed through a
pair of rolls which forms the clay into pieces of the form required for
insertion in the mould p, p'. One of these latter rolls is shown in eleva-
tion and half section at Figures 8 and 9. The upper half p' of the mould
being removed from the lower half p the pieces of clay formed from the
last described rolls are placed in the hollows t, z, of the mould, when
the upper half p' is applied thereto; the mould is then passed into the
apparatus into the position shewn by the section, Figure 5, of the
Drawing. The lever e is now turned in the direction of the arrow, and by
means of its connecting rod n and link o turns the spindle or shaft i, tho
quadrants k, k, of which move down the racks 1, 2, in the grooves m, thus
moving down the plungers 8, the lower ends of which enter the clay in the
open parts t, t, of the of the mould and form the hollows of the bowls of
the pipes. At the same time that the plungers are moved downwards the
screw fis also moved downwards by means of the female screw d, which
is turned when the handle is moved; the head of the screw in moving
down comes in contact with the upper half p' of the mould, pressing it
firmly against the lower half p of the mould, thus effecting the complete
moulding of the pipes; this screw also regulates the depth which the
plungers enter the mould. The wires (Figure 6) are then run into the
mould into the position shewn in Figure 1, thus forming the holes in
the stems of the pipes. The lever e is now moved back to its normal
position, by which the plungers 8 are withdrawn from the mould, and
the latter being relieved from the pressure of the screw fis withdrawn
from the apparatus, the surplus clay pressed out by the plungers being
cut off by the knife y as the mould passes under it during withdrawal.

page_text: The upper half of the mould is now separated from the lower half and
the pipes removed ready for the kiln, the mould being again ready
for use.
The Drawing shews an apparatus and mould for moulding five pipes
at each operation, but it will be understood that by increasing or
diminishing their size they may be made to mould a greater or less
number, as required. Several moulds are used for one apparatus, so that
it may be kept constantly at work. Instead of rolls for forming the
clay into pieces for the mould I sometimes employ grooved flat surfaces
or dies and pressure.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, I wish it to be understood that I
do not confine myself to the precise details of construction, but what
I claim is,-
Firstly. The general arrangement and combination of apparatus and
moulds for the manufacture of tobacco pipes and other similar articles,
substantially as herein-before described and represented in the accom-
panying Drawing.
Secondly. The peculiar construction of mould, as hercin-before described
and represented in the accompanying Drawing.
Thirdly. The employment of grooved rolls, as herein-before described
and represented in Figures 7, 8, and 9 of the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Henry James Grout, have
hcreto set my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of March, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
ninc.
Witness,
W. A. GILBEE.
W. H. J. GROUT. (L.S.)