IMPROVE MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RAISING AND FORCING WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Smith, of Uxbridge, in the County of
Middlesex, Agricultural Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RAISING AND FORCING WATER AND OTHER
FLUIDS."
Sealed the 16th August 1858, and dated the 23d February 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23d February 1858.
I, JOHN SMITH, of Uxbridge, in the County of Middlesex, Agricul-
tural Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RAISING AND FORCING WATER AND OTHER
FLUIDS" to be as follows, viz. :-
This improved machinery consists of a circular trough or groove closed
or covered by a water-tight diaphragm of some flexible material, which
at any convenient part of the circle is stopped or fastened down to the
hollow of the groove or trough. Two openings are made, one on each
side of the stop. One or more rollers mounted upon arms radiating from
a central shaft or axis are caused to travel round in the circular trough,
pressing down the flexible diaphragm, when the fluid which is drawn

page_text: into the groove through the opening on that side of the stop from which
the roller is moving will be forced out at the opening in the other
side of the stop towards which the roller is advancing, the fluid being
delivered in a continuous strean. In this machine no valves are
required, and the rollers may be turned either to the right hand or to the
left, one of the two openings always acting as the feed-pipe, and the
other as the delivery-pipe, according to the direction in which the
rollers are turned.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Smith, in the Great Seal Patent Office, on
the 23d August 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
JOHN SMITH, of Uxbridge, in the County of Middlesex, Agricultural
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of February in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Smith, Her special licence that
I, the said John Smith, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said John Smith, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thercafter during the terni therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
RAISING AND FORCING WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said John Smith, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that this improved machinery consists of a metal
circular trough or groove answering to the barrel or chamber of an
ordinary pump, closed or covered by a water-tight diaphragm of some
flexible material, which at any convenient part of the circle is stopped
or fastened down to the hollow of the trough or groove. Two openings
are made, one on each side of this stop. One or more rollers mounted
upon arms radiating from a central shaft or axis are caused to travel
round in the circular groove or trough, pressing down the flexible
diaphragm, when the fluid which is drawn in through the opening on
that side of the stop from which the roller is moving will be forced
out at the opening on the other side of the stop towards which the
rollers are advancing. In this machine no valves are required, and the
rollers may be turned either to the right hand or to the left, one of
the two openings always acting as the feed-pipe, the other the delivery
pipe, according to the direction in which the rollers are turned." And
in order that the nature of this Invention may be more fully understood,
reference is had to the accompanying drawings, and to the figures and
letters marked thereon; that is to say: Figure 1, is a front sectional
elevation on the line A, B, of Figure 2, of a machine for raising and
forcing water and other fluids constructed agreeably to my Invention.
Figure 2, is a sectional side elevation on the line C, D. Figure 1,
E, E, is the circular groove, covered and closed by a flexible elastic
diaphragm G, G, a portion of which is fastened down to the groove by
a stop f, which effectually cuts off the communication between the two
sides. H, is a central axis or spindle having three projecting arms I, I, I,
upon which are carried three rollers K', K, K. On turning the handle h',
in the direction indicated by the arrow, the rollers will successively pass
over and press down the diaphragm G, driving out all the air from the
groove E. After the passage of every roller the return of the disa-
phragm G, to its original flat position has a tendency to form a vacuum
in the groove; the consequence is that the water or other fluid rises in
the feed-pipe L, and occupies the space or opening in the groove
between the rollers until it approaches the stop f, when the fluid
is forced through an opening at the back of the groove up through
the delivery-pipe M, and a continual flow of the liquid takes place
as long as the rotary motion is maintained. When considerable

page_text: power has to be applied, as in raising water to great heights,
or delivering it in the form of a jet, I use a modification of this
machinery, which is shown at Figures 3, 4, and 5. Figure 3, shows
the form and position of the groove E, E, with the stop f, between
the inlet and outlet passages 1, and m. Figure 4, is a plan section of
the passages, and m, and stop f. In Figure 5, which is a side sec-
tional elevation, the whole arrangement is more clearly shown: E³, is
the groove; G³, the flexible covering, which in this case is not elastic,
but is strengthened by a circular metal plate or ring, g³, corresponding
to the sectional plan of the groove E; H³, is a central shaft or axis,
having a projecting arm I, which carries the single roller K. On
rotatory motion being given to the shaft H, the roller K, travels round,
pressing down the ring 9, and flexible diaphragm G³, into close contact
with the groove E, driving any air or liquid that may be contained in
the groove out at the delivery orifice 1; at the same time the opposite
side of the ring g³, is raised, and a fresh supply of fluid continually
enters through the inlet orifice m, or vice versa if the handle is turned
in the opposite direction, so long as the motion is continued. Although,
as herein-before stated, no valves are required, yet in some cases valves
may be used with advantage; as, for instance, in the event of the
rollers not pressing the flexible diaphragm down to the bottom of the
groove, when the addition of valves to the inlet and outlet passages
would prevent the loss of water that might otherwise take place. Any
of the usual form of pump-valves may be applied to these machines.
What I claim as new, and of my Invention, is the construction of
machines for raising or forcing water or other fluids, substantially as
herein-before described, and shown in the accompanying drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Smith, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
JOHN SMITO
JOHN SMITO
(1.C.)
Witness, THO. M. HARE, 31, Essex Street, Strand.