Improvements in Type Writing Machines.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Apr., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 9th Jan., 1893-Accepted, 25th Feb., 1893.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Type Writing Machines.
We, GEORGE BEVERLEY COOPER of 14 Holborn Viaduct, Manufacturer, and
MORGAN DONNE of 57 Hatton Garden, Manager of Works, both in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :—
Our invention relates to improvements in that class of type writing machines in
which the type levers are arranged in the arc of a circle facing the operator, and in
which the printing point is located between the type levers and the key board, and
the objects of the present invention are firstly to provide a simple and efficient
means for supporting and guiding the paper carriage in its movements, secondly to
construct and arrange the paper carriage and connected parts in such manner that
it will occupy little space and keep the paper under better control than heretofore,
and thirdly to provide a means of readily raising the inking ribbon guide together
with the inking ribbon, in order to give an uninterrupted view of the printing when
required.
In carrying the first part of our invention into effect, we cast upon the base of the
machine at each side thereof, two vertical lugs or posts in which we form vertical
transverse slots or sawcuts, and in connection with these vertical lugs or posts we
employ two horizontal bars or girders which are formed at or near each end thereof
with a downwardly projecting lug adapted to fit the slots of the vertical posts so
that the girders will extend transversely of the base of the machine, and lie parallel
to each other, and we fix the girders to the vertical posts by screws rivets or other
suitable means.
These girders form the supporting means for the paper carriage, and the method
of construction above described enables the same to be made more accurately and at
less cost than if the girders were cast in one with the base, inasmuch as any fitting
necessary in connection therewith. can be performed prior to fixing the girders in
position upon the base.
According to the second part of our invention we support the platen roller along
the rear side of the paper carriage adjacent to the type levers, and we provide upon
the paper carriage a skeleton holder for the paper to be printed upon and a
skeleton receiver for the paper after it has been printed upon, both located in front
of a vertical line drawn through the platen cylinder and approximately in vertical
alignment with each other, so as to occupy little space and bring the key board as
near to the type levers as possible.
In carrying into effect this part of the invention, we employ an under frame or
base frame to the paper carriage, and which we provide with flat runners which
take a bearing upon correspondingly formed supporting wheels or rollers which are
mounted with capability of revolution upon horizontal studs or axes, removeably
fixed in bosses cast upon the girders hereinbefore described whilst in order to
properly guide the under carriage in its lateral traverse we form the upper side of
the runners bevelled or inclined, and we employ guide rollers mounted upon vertical
axes, and which at their upper parts are correspondingly bevelled to overhang the
bevel of the runners, and at their lower part are formed cylindrical to form a
bearing for the face of the runners, and we are thus enabled to guide the under
carriage in its lateral traverse and also prevent any vertical upward movement
thereof with the least possible friction.
The upper carriage is provided with end frames upon which the platen roller is
supported in suitable bearings located at the rear side of the carriage, and these end
frames are formed with horizontal open ended slots which receive supporting wheels
or rollers mounted with capability of revolution upon fixed axes carried by the

page_text: frame of the under carriage and arranged at right angles to the supporting wheels
thereof, and the upper carriage is thus adapted to receive the necessary forward
movement for shifting the printing point of the platen roller to a position beneath
the capital letters or other second row of characters to the type pieces as is well
understood.
The paper to be printed upon is placed in a roll in a skeleton holder hinged to
the upper carriage and arranged immediately thereover or approximately so, and
the paper passes from this skeleton holder beneath the scale which is carried by the
holder and over and partly around the platen roller whence it is conducted into a
skeleton case or receiver of scroll form provided with guides to induce the paper to
form itself into a roll and if desired in order to admit of the employment of paper of
a width greater than the length of the carriage the end frames of the upper carriage
may be formed with slots or openings therein to allow the passage of the paper to
the skeleton receiver, whilst guide or pressure rollers are employed to hold the
paper in frictional contact with the platen cylinder as is well understood.
By arranging the paper holder and the paper receiver upon the front side of the
platen roller and approximately in vertical alignment, instead of arranging them one
on each side of the platen roller, a great economy of space is effected.
According to the third part of our invention we arrange near the key board or in
other suitable position, a small thumb lever which is by suitable means connected
with the ribbon guide in such manner that when it is desired to raise the ribbon in
order to give a clear and uninterrupted view of the printing, by the movement of
the lever the ribbon guide which is held in contact with the paper by a spring
together with the ribbon can be raised a short distance from the paper in order to
afford a momentary glance at the printing or fully raised into a vertical position, and
we provide a frictional or other suitable stop to retain the lever with the ribbon
guide in its fully raised position in order to free the hand of the operator.
Dated this 8th day of April 1892.
WHITE & WOODINGTON,
27, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Type Writing Machines.
We, GEORGE BEVERLEY COOPER of 14 Holborn Viaduct Manufacturer, and
MORGAN DONNE of 57 Hatton Garden Manager of Works, both in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
Our invention relates to improvements in that class of type writing machines in
which the type levers are arranged in the arc of a circle facing the operator, and in
which the printing point is located between the type levers and the key-board, and
the objects of the present invention are firstly to provide a simple and efficient
means for supporting and guiding the paper carriage in its movements, secondly, to
construct and arrange the paper carriage and connected parts in such manner that
it will occupy little space and keep the paper under better control than heretofore,
and thirdly to provide a means of readily raising the inking ribbon guide together
with the inking ribbon in order to give an uninterrupted view of the printing when
required.
In carrying the first part of our invention into effect we cast upon the base of the
machine at each side thereof, two vertical lugs or posts in which we form vertical
transverse slots or saw cuts, and in connection with these vertical lugs or posts, we
employ two horizontal bars or girders which are formed at or near each end thereof
with a downwardly projecting lug adapted to fit the slots of the vertical posts so
that the girders will extend transversely of the base of the machine and lie parallel

page_text: to each other, and we fix the girders to the vertical posts by screws, rivets, or other
suitable means.
These girders from the supporting means for the paper carriage, and the method
of construction above described enables the same to be made more accurately and
at less cost than if the girders were cast in one with the base, inasmuch as any
fitting necessary in connection therewith can be performed prior to fixing the
girders in position upon the base.
According to the second part of our invention we support the platen roller along
the rear side of the paper carriage adjacent to the type levers, and we provide upon
the paper carriage a skeleton holder for the paper to be printed upon, and a skeleton
receiver for the paper after it has been printed upon, both located in front of a
vertical line drawn through the platen cylinder and approximately in vertical
alignment with each other so as to occupy little space and bring the key-board as
near to the type levers as possible.
In carrying into effect this part of the invention, we employ an under frame or
base frame to the paper carriage and which we provide with flat runners which take
a bearing upon correspondingly formed supporting wheels or rollers which are
mounted with capability of revolution upon horizontal studs or axes, removeably
fixed in bosses cast upon the girders hereinbefore described whilst in order to
properly guide the under carriage in its lateral traverse we form the upper side of
the runners bevelled or inclined, and we employ guide rollers mounted upon vertical
axes, and which at their upper parts are correspondingly bevelled to overhang the
bevel of the runners, and at their lower part are formed cylindrical to form a
bearing for the face of the runners, and we are thus enabled to guide the under
carriage in its lateral traverse and also prevent any vertical upward movement
thereof with the least possible friction.
The upper carriage is provided with end frames upon which the platen roller is
supported in suitable bearings located at the rear side of the carriage, and these end
frames are formed with horizontal open-ended slots which receive supporting wheels
or rollers mounted with capability of revolution upon fixed axes carried by the
frame of the under carriage and arranged at right angles to the supporting wheels
thereof, and the upper carriage is thus adapted to receive the necessary forward
movement for shifting the printing point of the platen roller to a position beneath
the capital letters or other second row of characters to the type pieces as is well
understood.
The paper to be printed upon is placed in a roll in a skeleton holder hinged to
the upper carriage and arranged immediately thereover or approximately so, and
the paper passes
from this skeleton holder beneath the scale which is carried by the
holder, and over and partly around the platen roller, whence it is conducted into a
skeleton case or receiver of scroll form, or provided with guides to induce the paper
to form itself into a roll, and if desired in order to admit of the employment of
paper of a width greater than the length of the carriage, the end frames of the
upper carriage may be formed with slots or openings therein to allow the passage
of the paper to the skeleton receiver, whilst guide or pressure rollers are employed
to hold the paper in frictional contact with the platen cylinder as is well under-
stood.
By arranging the paper holder and the paper receiver upon the front side of the
platen roller and approximately in vertical alignment instead of arranging them one
on each side of the platen roller, a great economy of space is effected.
According to the third part of our invention we arrange near the key-board or in
other suitable position a small thumb lever, which is by suitable means connected
with the ribbon guide in such manner that when it is desired to raise the ribbon in
order to give a clear and uninterrupted view of the printing; by the movement of
the lever the ribbon guide which is held in contact with the paper by a spring
together with the ribbon can be raised a short distance from the paper in order to
afford a momentary glance at the printing or fully raised into a vertical position,

page_text: and we provide a frictional or other suitable stop to retain the lever with the
ribbon guide in its fully raised position in order to free the hand of the operator.
And in order that the said invention may be more clearly understood, and readily
carried into effect, we will proceed, aided by the accompanying drawings more
fully to describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a transverse section representing a type writing machine constructed
according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a transverse section of part thereof taken on the line 1-1 of Figure 5,
and drawn to an enlarged scale.
Figure 3 is an end elevation of a portion of such part.
Figure 4 is an opposite end elevation of such part.
Figure 5 is a front elevation of such part.
Figure 6 is a side view of a portion of the base of the machine showing the
girders in position.
Figure 7 is a front view thereof.
Figures 8 and 9 are similar views of the base plate to those above described but
showing the girders removed.
Figure 10 is a front elevation of one of the girders separately.
Figure 11 is a plan thereof.
Figure 12 is an end view thereof.
Figure 13 is a plan of a portion of the machine representing more particularly a
portion of the device for raising the inking ribbon guide.
Figure 14 is a side view thereof partly in section, and
Figure 15 is a detached view of parts showing the complete device for raising
the inking ribbon.
In the several figures in which like parts are indicated by similar letters of
reference, Figures 2 to 14 are drawn to an enlarged scale with respect to Figures 1
and 15, but such scale is varied according to the object to be illustrated.
a represents the base of the machine which is preferably formed of malleable cast
iron, and which according to the first part of the present invention is provided with
four vertical lugs or posts a¹ which are cast thereon, two being arranged at each
side of the base a and having each formed therein a vertical transverse slot or saw
cut a².
In connection with these vertical lugs or posts a¹ two horizontal bars or girders b
are employed which are formed at or near each end thereof with a downwardly
projecting lug adapted to fit the slot a³ of a vertical post a¹ so that both the
girders 6 will extend transversely of the base of the machine and lie parallel to
each other, and the girders are fixed to the vertical posts a¹ by means of screws b³
or they might be rivets.
These girders b form the supporting means for the paper carriage hereinafter
more fully referred to, and the method of construction above described enables the
same to be made more accurately and at less cost than if the girders were cast in
one with the base a, inasmuch as any fitting in connection therewith can be
performed prior to fixing the girders b in position upon the base a.
In carrying into effect the second part of the invention an under frame or base
frame c is employed for the paper carriage and which is provided with flat runners c¹
which take a bearing upon correspondingly formed supporting wheels or rollers &³
which are mounted with capability of revolution upon horizontal studs or axes b
removeably fixed in bosses 6 cast upon the girders b whilst in order properly to
guide the under frame or carriage c in its lateral traverse the upper side of the
runners is formed bevelled or inclined and in connection therewith guide rollers b
are employed which are mounted upon vertical axes b' carried by the girders b and
these guide rollers 6 are correspondingly bevelled to overhang the bevel of the
runners c' and at their lower part are formed cylindrical to form a bearing for the

page_text: C
face of the runners c¹ and the undercarriage or frame c is thus guided in its lateral
traverse and any vertical upward movement thereof is prevented with the least
possible friction.
The upper carriage is formed with end frames d upon which the platen roller e is
supported in suitable bearings e located at the rear side of the carriage.
These end frames d are formed with horizontal open-ended slots d¹ which receive
supporting wheels or rollers mounted with capability of revolution upon fixed
axes carried by the frame or under-carriage c and arranged at right angles to
the supporting wheels & thereof and the upper carriage d is thus adapted to receive
the necessary forward movement for shifting the printing point of the platen roller e
to a position beneath the capital letters or other second row of characters of the type
pieces mas is well understood.
The paper to be printed upon is placed in a roll in a skeleton holder hinged
at to the upper carriage d and arranged immediately thereover or approximately
so and the paper passes from this skeleton holder f. beneath the "scale" which is
carried by the holder and over and partly around the platen roller e whence it is
conducted into a skeleton case or receiver g of scroll form or the receiver y might
be provided with guides as is well understood to induce the paper to form itself
into a roll and if desired in order to admit of the employment of paper of a width
greater than the length of the carriage the end frames d of the upper carriage may
be formed with slots or openings therein as represented in the drawings to allow
the passage of the paper to the skeleton receiver g as it leaves the platen roller e a
guide or pressure roller being employed to hold the paper in frictional contact
with the platen roller e as is well understood.
By arranging the paper holder and the paper receiver g upon the front side of
the platen roller e and approximately in vertical alignment with each other instead
or arranging them one on each side of the platen roller e a great economy of space
is effected and the machine is rendered much more compact than heretofore.
The table for the hangers of the type levers is formed in two tiers i ; which
letters represent respectively the upper and lower tables and represent
respectively the hangers arranged radially thereon whilst m represent the type bars
or levers and represents the key levers which are mounted upon knife edges or
centres of motion n* arranged according to the leverage required as is well under-
stood and provided with keys n' constituting the key board of the machine and
which parts are fully described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to
The English Type Writer Limited and one of us the said Morgan Donne dated the
3rd day of July 1891 No. 11331.
The type levers m at their upper ends normally rest against a padded shield m
arranged in the arc of a circle as is well understood whilst at their lower or cranked
ends they are pivotally connected at m²* with the upper ends of connecting rods m²
the lower ends of which are connected by links m³ with the inner ends of the key
levers n and which parts are also fully described in the Specification of the herein-
before recited Letters Patent.
According to the third part of the invention a small thumb lever o is mounted
upon an axis of motion of at the side of the key-board and is provided with a
tail or offset o¹ which acts upon one end of a lever p which is mounted upon an axis
of motion P and at its other end is connected by a link g with an offset from the
ribbon guide which is mounted upon an axis of motion **.
By these means when it is desired to raise the guider and inking ribbon in order
to give a clear and uninterrupted view of the printing it is only necessary to depress
the thumb lever o when through the lever P and link g the guider will be raised
into a vertical or approximately vertical position carrying with it the inking ribbon
the square end o² of the offset o¹ of the lever o acting in conjunction with the end of
the lever p as a stop to retain the parts with the ribbon guider in its raised position
in order to free the hand of the operator whilst upon returning the lever o to its
vertical position the parts will resume their normal positions aided by a coiled
spring q connected with the link q and a fixed part of the machine.

page_text: The operator can also by partially raising the guider readily obtain a momentary
glance at the writing at the printing point during the progress of the work in order
to satisfy himself of the correctness of the last few letters printed.
We have not thought it necessary to describe in detail the entire construction of
the machine as the general features thereof are well known and we have therefore
limited our description to those parts which we consider novel and desire to secure
by Letters Patent.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In a type writing machine a support for the paper carriage consisting of
girders formed with lugs thereon in combination with a base formed with posts
thereon slotted to receive the lugs of the girders substantially as herein shown and
described and for the purpose stated.
2. In a type writing machine the combination of a paper carriage provided with
runners formed with bevelled upper edges bearing rollers for supporting the
runners and guide rollers formed with a cylindrical part to guide the face of
the runners and an overhanging bevelled part corresponding with the bevelled part
of the runners substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose
stated.
3. In combination with a type writing machine a paper carriage arranged in front
of the type levers a platen roller carried by such paper carriage and a paper holder
and a paper receiver both located in front of a vertical line drawn through the
platen cylinder and approximately in vertical alignment with each other
substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.
4. In a type writing machine the peculiar combination and arrangement of parts
constituting a paper carriage substantially as herein shown and described and for
the purpose stated.
5. In a type writing machine the combination of a ribbon guide mounted upon an
axis of motion a lever or the like located near the key-board of the machine and
suitable connections from the lever to the ribbon guide to enable the latter to be
raised and lowered and retained in its raised position substantially as herein
shown and described and for the purpose stated.
Dated this 9th day of January 1893.
WHITE & WOODINGTON,
27, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.