Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Nov., 188:
Complete Specification Left, 12th July, 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 7th Sept., 1888
WILLIAM BRANTINGHAM GILES Manufacturing Chemist 100 Warton Road Stratford
Essex, and ARTHUR SHEARER Analytical Chemist 8 Hamfrith Road Forest Gate
Essex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
By the reaction between the hydrocarbon Benzene & concentrated Sulphuric Acid,
or Benzene and Sulphuric Anhydride, or Benzene and a mixture of concentrated
Sulphuric Acid and Sulphuric Anhydride we obtain a compound or compounds
possessing powerful antiseptic and disinfectant properties which we employ either
per se or combined with bases.
To prepare the aforesaid compound or compounds we prefer to proceed as follows
Into a suitable vessel preferably of cast iron provided with a jacket and agitating gear
fitted with a close cover to which is attached what is known as a reflux condenser,
we place a convenient quantity of concentrated sulphuric acid or sulphuric anhydrido
or a mixture of these, in practise we find that concentrated sulphuric acid to which
thirty per cent. by weight of sulphuric anhydride has been added answers well but
we do not confine ourselves to any particular strength of acid. We then carefully
run in Benzene by means of a funnel provided with a tap stirring vigorously while
the addition is being made till Benzene amounting to about one half the weight of
the acid employed has been added. During the above operation great heat is evolved
and we find it advantageous to cool the mixture by running a stream of water through
the jacket of the vessel. When the reaction has ceased we run the liquid into
another vessel & diluting with water we neutralize the excess of sulphuric acid with
any suitable base such as lime, baryta, lead oxide or their carbonates. We then
decanting or filtering from the separated sulphates etc. obtain a fluid possessing
powerful antiseptic and disinfectant properties. In some cases we further purify the
product obtained as above described by forming salts by the addition of suitable bases,

page_text: crystallizing and employing the salts thus obtained for antiseptic and disinfectant
purposes or by decomposing the salts with suitable agents we obtain a highly refined
and purified body or bodies for like purposes.
Having now described the preparation of the aforesaid compound or compounds
what we claim as novel is the preparation of bodies possessing powerful antiseptic and
disinfectant properties by the action of sulphuric acid or sulphuric anhydride or mixtures
of these in any proportion upon Benzene & the application thereof as antiseptics for the
preservation of any article of food such as meat, wine, beer, cider, milk, fruit juices, or
jams and to any material liable to putrefaction or decomposition such as glue, size
hides, skins etc., also the application of the aforesaid bodies for the purpose of dis-
infecting sewage, urinals, privies cesspools, and the like also for surgical & all other
purposes where a powerful antiseptic or disinfectant is required.
Dated this 1st day of November 1887

page_text: Disinfectant Substances.
WILLIAM BRANTINGHAM GILES Manufacturing Chemist 100 Warton Road Stratford
Essex and ARTHUR SHEARER Analytical Chemist 8 Hamfrith Road Forest Gate,
Essex do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement-
1
By the reaction between the hydrocarbon enzene or its homologues such as
Toluene, Xylene, Cunene, etc. and concentrated Sulphuric Acid, or Benzene or its
homologues as aforementioned or any mixture of these, and Sulphuric Anhydride, or
Benzene or its homologues or any mixture of these bodies, with a mixture of con-
centrated Sulphuric Acid and Sulphuric Anhydride we obtain a compound or
compounds possessing powerful antiseptic and disinfectant properties which we employ
either per se or combined with bases. To prepare the aforesaid compound or
compounds we prefer to proceed as follows: Into a suitable vessel preferably of
cast iron provided with a jacket and agitating gear & fitted with a close cover to
which is attached what is known as a reflux condenser we place a convenient quantity
of concentrated sulphuric acid or of sulphuric anhydride, or of a mixture of these,
in practice we find that concentrated sulphuric acid to which thirty per cent. by weight
of sulphuric anhydride has been added answers well, but we do not confine ourselves
to any particular strength of acid. We then carefully run in Benzene or one of its
homologues or any mixture of these bodies by means of a funnel provided with a tap
stirring vigorously while the addition is being made till absorption of the hydrocarbon
ceases. During the above operation heat is evolved & the temperature is regulated
by passing either water or steam through the jacket of the vessel. When the reaction
has ceased we run the liquid into another vessel & diluting with water we neutralize
the excess of sulphuric acid with any suitable base such as lime, baryta, lead oxide or
their carbonates. We then decanting or filtering from the separated sulphates etc.
obtain a fluid possessing powerful antiseptic & disinfectant properties.
In some cases we further purify the products obtained by the addition of certain
suitable bases to the fluid obtained after neutralizing the excess of acid as before
described-The bases we use for the purpose are certain metallic oxides, bydrates, or
carbonates such as calcium, barium, or lead oxides, or hydrates, or carbonates.
By evaporation of the fluid, after addition of one or more of the bases above
mentioned, a salt or mixtures of salts is crystallized out & by treating the salt or salts
thus obtained with an acid which will form an insoluble compound with the base or
bases employed we obtain a highly refined and purified body or bodies possessing
powerful antiseptic and disinfectant properties.
For example wo take the fluid obtained after neutralizing the excess of sulphuric
acid as herein described and add Barium Carbonate so long as it is dissolved-We

page_text: then evaporate down the fluid until it reaches a concentration at which when allowed
to cool it will crystallize-The crystals so obtained are separated from the fluid &
dissolved in water.
Sulphuric Acid is then added until no further precipitation is caused when the fluid
containing the purified antiseptic body or bodies is separated from the insoluble
compound of Barium and Sulphuric Acid, by filtration or other suitable means.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is-
The preparation of bodies possessing powerful antiseptic & disinfectant properties
by the action of sulphuric acid or sulphuric anhydride or mixtures of theso in any
proportions upon Benzene or its homologues & the application thereof as antiseptics
for the preservation of any article of food, such as meat, wine, beer, cider, milk, fruit
juices or jams & to any material liable to putrefaction or decomposition such as glue,
isinglass, hides, skins etc. also the application of the aforesaid bodies for the purpose
of disinfecting sewage, urinals privies, cesspools & the like, also for surgical and all
other purposes where a powerful antiseptic or disinfectant is required.
Dated this 11th day of Lulu 1000
WILLIAM BRANTINGHAM GILES.
ARTHUR SHEARER.