NEW TRIMMINGS AND BORDERS OF MUSLIN, LAWN, AND CAMBRIC
Year: 1802

page_text: PROTE
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MARC
ISAMBARD BRUNEL, late of Gerrard Street, Soho, but now of Queen Square
Place, Westminster, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-fifth day of
November, in the forty-third year of His reign, give and grant unto me,
the said Marc Isambard Brunel, His especial licence, that I, the said Marc
Isambard Brunel, during the term of years therein mentioned, should and
lawfully might use, exercise, and vend within England, Wales, and the Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "NEW TRIMMINGS AND BORDERS OF
MUSLIN, LAWN, AND CAMBRIC;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained
a proviso, obliging me, the said Marc Isambard Brunel, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal to cause a particular description of the nature
of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
inrolled in His Majesty's Court of Chancery within six calendar months, after
the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, relation
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Marc Isambard Brunel, in compliance
with the said proviso, do hereby declare, that my Invention consists in weaving
narrow webs of muslins, of cambric muslins, of lawns, or of cambrics with a

page_text: proper selvage at each edge, varied according to the purpose for which the
article is wanted, but in all cases adapted to prevent its ravelling out in
washing and of any breadth not exceeding ten inches, so as that these narrow
webbs shall without hemming, whipping, or otherwise securing the edge by
needle work, be ready to be used for the different kinds of trimmings required
to be made of the materials above specified. By trimmings to be made of the
materials above specified, I mean frills, borders, trimmings for bonnets, caps,
cloaks, or for any other article of dress, or even of furniture, provided the
trimmings are muslin, cambric muslin, lawn, or cambric, and not exceeding
ten inches in width. The advantage of this Invention, beside that the trim-
mings produced are in many cases neater than the trimmings of which the
edges are secured from ravelling by needle work, is that the operations of
hemming, whipping, or otherwise securing from ravelling the edges of trimmings
cut in narrow slips out of broader webs, as they have unavoidably been
hitherto, are by this Invention altogether saved. In cases where trimmings
of the materials above specified are required to be gathered, or to be whipped,
for the purpose of being drawn up full, I introduce into the warp a strong or
double thread or threads of cotton, flax, or silk, on which the trimming may
be drawn or gathered up, without the need of employing any needle work for
this purpose.
The trimmings may be woven either in looms, similar to those in use
for weaving muslins, cambric muslins, lawns, or cambrics, according to the
kind of trimming, with the only difference that the looms for these trim-
mings must be proportioned to the narrowness of the web required; or these
trimmings may be woven in riband looms, and very advantageously by the
engine looms such as are used by riband weavers with the precaution of using
such sizing, starching, and other dressing of the yarn, as is proper for weaving
flaxen or cotton webs, as the case may be, of the usual breadth and of the same
quality respectively. These trimmings may be woven with plain selvages, so as
not to shew any appearance of hem, roll, or turning in, or they may be woven
with a thick stripe at one or both edges, so as to give the appearance of a
hem, as well as to give additional strength to the edge or edges. The edgo
or edges of these trimmings may be woven double, so as to imitate a hem
more exactly, and so that a quill, bodkin, or wire might be drawn through the
hollow part, as is sometimes customary in regard to the broad hems made to
trimmings worn in mourning, and trimmings, in which this double part is
required, may be woven in looms of a construction similar to those in which
ribands with hollow edges are woven, as is the case in some of those woven for
lat-bands, but when it is required that each of these folds of the double part

page_text: should be of the same texture with the single part of the web, it is necessary,
that the weft should be woven four times through the warp of the edge (that
is twice for each fold) for every twice that the weft is woven through the
warp of the single part of the web. In order that these trimmings may wash
and wear equally well with trimmings cut crossways out of broader webs of
the same quality, yarn similar to the weft of the broad webs may be used for
the warp of the web for trimmings, and yarn similar to the warp of the broad
webs may be used for the wefts of the web for trimmings. These trimmings
may be woven either plain, striped, checked, or figured in white, or in colours,
by means similar to those practiced in the weaving figured ribands, and they
may be finished by singeing, dressing, bleaching, printing, calendering, clear
starching, or by any other of the operations used in finishing webs of the usual
breadth according to the nature of the materials and the purpose to which the
trimmings are to be applied.
In witness whereof, I, the said Marc Isambard Brunel, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and three.