MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MARKING OR PRINTING SACK LENGTHS OR SACKS, COVERS,. AND SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1884

page_text: I, JAMES ARROTT STEWART, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar, North Britain,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MARKING OR PRINTING SACK LENGTHS OR SACKS, COVERS,.
AND SIMILAR ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
My said Invention has for its object to improve the construction and action of
apparatus for marking or printing sack lengths or sacks, covers, or similar articles,
to reduce the cost of such apparatus and to facilitate the making or preparing of
the marking or printing surfaces.
The marking or printing operation is effected by means of a cylinder driven by
suitable gearing and provided with rollers and other usual accessories for supplying
it with the pigment. An endless apron is arranged for carrying the sack lengths
or other pieces individually to and past the printing cylinder which is made of a'
size sufficient for printing both sides of a sack the impressions following each other
in the length-way of the piece. And after the sack lengths pass the cylinder each
is taken by gripping or lifting appliances worked by cams and laid on a pile.
The printing surfaces are made from patterns which are composed by arranging
and fixing letters or other devices in the form of comparatively thin flat types or
pieces upon a flat ground or backing piece. A proof or impression can be produced
on a sack piece or other material from the flat pattern to show the effect and to
admit of alterations at an early stage of the process. When the flat pattern has
been settled and approved of a mould is formed from it and a casting taken in a
suitable metal or alloy. This casting is subsequently bended to a cylindrical form
and is fixed on the printing cylinder. The raised printing surfaces may be made
evenly cylindrical by turning in a lathe. It is however preferred to provide the
printing or marking machine itself with a slide-rest tool holder in order that the
turning down may be effected without moving the cylinder from the machine.
Dated this thirtieth day of April 1884

page_text: I, JAMES ARROTT STEWART, of Kinnaird Works, Dundee, in the County of
Forfar, North Britain, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my said
invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MARKING OR PRINTING SACK
LENGTHS OR SACKS, COVERS, AND SIMILAR ARTICLES" and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement that is to say :-
My said Invention has for its object to improve the construction and action of
apparatus for marking or printing sack lengths, or sacks, covers, or similar articles,
to reduce the cost of such apparatus and to facilitate the making or preparing of
the marking or printing surfaces.
The marking or printing operation is effected by means of a cylinder driven by
suitable gearing and provided with rollers and other usual accessories for supplying
it with the pigment. An endless apron is arranged for carrying the sack lengths
or other pieces individually to and past the printing cylinder, which is made of a
size sufficient for printing both sides of a sack, the impressions for the two sides
following each other in the lengthway of the piece. And after the sack lengths
pass the cylinder each may be taken by hand or by suitable gripping or lifting
appliances worked by cams, and be laid on a pile.
A
The printing surfaces are made from flat patterns off which proofs can be taken
to show the effect and to admit of alterations at an early stage of the process.
mould is formed from the pattern and a casting taken in a suitable metal or alloy.
This casting is subsequently bended to a cylindrical form and is fixed on the
printing cylinder; or the mould if made of a suitable material may be bended, so
that the casting may be of a cylindrical shape without subsequent bending..
And in order that my said Invention and the manner of performing the same
may be properly understood I hereunto append two sheets of explanatory drawings
to be hereinafter referred to and representing examples of my improved apparatus.
Figures, 1, and 2, on sheet, 1, of the drawings are a side elevation and an end
elevation of the printing or marking machine; and figures, 3, to 6, on sheet, 2, illus-
trate the formation of the printing surfaces. In these drawing the same reference
numerals are used to mark the same or like parts wherever they are repeated.
In the machine shown in figures, 1, and 2, there is carried in a suitable
framing, 7, a printing cylinder, 8, which is of such a size that its circumference is
equal to twice the length of the largest ordinary sacks, so that it is capable of
printing at one operation on the parts of a sack length corresponding to the two
sides of a sack; and of course the cylinder can also be used for printing any
shorter sack lengths or for printing (sewn) sacks, or covers, or other similar articles.
The cyilnder, 8, is carried on a shaft, 9, and is driven by means of a spurwheel, 10,
on that shaft, the spurwheel having in gear with it a pinion, 11, on a first-motion
shaft, 12, having also on it fast and loose pulleys, 13, for a driving belt, and a flywheel
or large handwheel, 14. The first-motion shaft, 12, has fast on it a roller, 15, and
the sack lengths pass between this roller and the cylinder, 8, when being printed,
being carried towards the roller, 15, and cylinder, 8, by an endless apron, 16,
indicated by dotted lines in figure, 1, and which passes round an inner roller, 17,
near the roller, 15, and round an outer roller, 18, the inner roller, 17, being driven
by means of an intermediate pinion, 19, gearing with the pinion, 11, and with a

page_text: pinion on the roller spindle. Under the upper part of the endless apron, 16, there
is an inclined board, 20, for supporting it; and above the apron there is a pair of .
levers, 21, carrying a roller, 22, and fixed to a transverse rocking spindle, 23, which
is carried in brackets, 24, and has fast on one end of it a lever, 25, extending
towards the cylinder shaft, 9. This lever, 25, carries at its outer end an anti-
friction roller, 26, to be acted on by a cam, 27, which is adjustably fixed on the
cylinder shaft, 9, and which raises and lowers the roller, 22, so as to regulate the
entering of the sack lengths into the machine. The attendant worker places
the end of a sack length on the endless apron, 16, above the outer roller, 18, at a
time when the upper roller, 22, is raised; and then at the proper time the upper
roller, 22, descends and by nipping the end of the sack length causes it to be drawn
inwards by the endless apron the cam, 27, being set to act so that the end of the
sack length may reach the cylinder, 8, at the proper time for receiving the
impression or marking in the desired position upon it. After passing between
the cylinder, 8, and the roller, 15, the sack length is delivered in a downwardly
inclined direction indicated by the dotted line, 28, in figure, 1. I intend to use
automatic gripping and lifting appliances for laying the sack lengths in a pile as
they are delivered from the printing machine but not having as yet perfected such
appliances I make no claim respecting them in this Specification. The parts for
supplying the pigment to the printing cylinder, 8, are partly shown at, 29, in
figure, 1, but being of the usual kind do not require to be particularly described
herein.
The patterns for forming the printing surfaces are made in a flat form as shown in
figures, 3, and 4, on sheet, 2, of the drawings, these figures being respectively a
face view and a section. The backing or ground piece, 30, may be a thin board of
wood or a plate of any suitable material. Thin flat types, 31, of metal or other
suitable material, are arranged on the backing, 30, and are fixed thereon by small
nails or pins; and instead of letters as shown by way of example in the drawings
types or pieces showing any suitable devices or parts of devices may be fixed in
any convenient way upon the backing, 30. The raised surfaces of the types or
pieces showing the letters or devices may have a pigment applied to them by hand
or otherwise for the purpose of taking a proof on any convenient material whilst
the pattern is in the flat form; and the arrangement of the types or pieces can be
easily altered if desired. When the flat pattern has been finally adjusted and
approved of, a mould is formed from it and a casting taken in a suitable metal or
alloy. This casting is subsequently bended into the cylindrical form as shown in
figures, 5, and 6, and is fixed on the printing cylinder, 8, by means of screws or
otherwise. The raised printing surfaces may be made evenly cylindrical by
turning in a lathe. I however prefer to provide the printing or marking machine
itself with a slide rest tool holder, 32, such as is shown in figures, 1, and 2, in order
that the turning down may be effected on the cylinder, 8, and without having to
transfer the plates to and from a lathe or separate machine. The tool holder, 32,
is arranged like such apparatus on a lathe, being capable of adjustment towards
and from the cylinder, 8, upon a slide, 33, which is movable in a direction parallel
to the cylinder in a V-guide in a horizontal frame piece, 34, which is adjustably
fixed on brackets, 35, fixed to the main framing, 7, of the machine. This slide-rest
tool holding apparatus is of course removed when sack lengths or other articles are
being printed.
I do not restrict myself to the precise details herein described or delineated
provided that the essential features of my Invention are retained, these being;
1, the combination of parts forming the machine shown in figures 1, and 2; 2, in a
machine arranged to operate on cut lengths the making of the printing or marking
cylinder of a size to produce impressions for both sides of a sack at one rotation;
3, the combination of the slide-rest turning-tool apparatus with the printing
machine; and 4, the process of forming the printing surfaces from flat patterns
and in the manner described.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. The combination of parts forming the printing or marking machine sub-
stantially as herein before described with reference to figures, 1, and 2, of the
accompanying drawings.
2. In a machine arranged to operate on cut lengths, the making of the printing or
marking cylinder of a size to produce impressions for both sides of a sack at one
rotation, substantially as hereinbefore described.
3. The combination of the slide-rest turning-tool apparatus with the machine
substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.
4. The process of forming the printing surfaces from flat patterns and sub-
stantially in the manner hereinbefore described.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.