Improvements in and relating to Windows.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Oct.,
1894.
Complete Specification 'Left, 4th July, 1895-Accepted, 14th Sept., 1895
Improvements in and relating to Windows.
I, HUGH KERR, of 69 King Street, Helensburgh, Dumbartonshire, Joiner, do
hereby declare the nature of my invention to be as follows:-
-
This invention has reference to improvements in and relating to windows, and
has for its object to enable the windows to be cleaned from within the apartments
of buildings and to ventilate said apartments.
According to my improvements I mount the lower and upper sash frames to
swivel inwards on 'hinges at their lower and, and to be carried and slide up and
down on vertical boards or metal bars working in grooves at each side of fixed
frame of window.
In carrying these improvements into practice the vertical boards or metal bars
would slide up and down in grooves on each side of vertical parting bead at each
side of fixed frame of window, and would have the counterbalancing chains ar
cords attached at their upper end preferably by pins and links with adjustable holes;
and when bars are used they would have metal strap guides at distances apart.on
each side, that on the inside being of U shape with flanges to fit within the grooves
in fixed frame. The hanging chains may be attached to counterweights working
within a boxed in part of fixed frame, or they may be attached at both ends to
the upper part of opposite sashes, so that the one sash frame may counterbalance
the other.
The lower and upper sash frames would be hinged at their lower end to the
bottom part of the sliding boards or plates, by having pivot pins in the lower part
of the side edges of frames engaging to swivel in eye bearings or tholes in plates
screwed to the sliding boards or bars; while additional pivot pins in side edges
of window frames would engage in segmental slots in the plates so as to act as
stops when the window frames are swivelled, on these hinges, within the apartment.
The top sash frame may be similarly fitted as the lower, or it may have single
pivot hinges and have kneed bracket supports at lower end which would enable it
to swivel to a horizontal position.
Alternatively a horizontal cross bar may he fitted between the lower ends.of
sliding boards and the bottom ends of lower and upper sash frames be attached to
same by ordinary kneed strap hinges, so that the window frames may be swivelled
inwards on said hinges.
When the window frames are in their closed sliding position they would be :
attached to the balanced sliding boards or bars by catches or fastenings which
would or may consist of plates hinged on the top rail and near the side edge of each
window frame. These plates would be formed with kneed or turned free.ends
which would enter pockets or recessed plates on the sliding bars, and be locked in
-position by top swivelling plates hinged either on the catches or the sliding bars.
Or the catches may consist of slotted plates sliding loosely over pins on the face of
the sliding bars, and having projecting down pins in knee flanged lower ends.which
enter holes in top of sash frames the whole being adjustably locked in position
by thumb screws entering the slotted plates. The two sash frames may be looked
together and prevented from sliding by a spring bolt entering a slot in the lower:
rail of thottem.sasb.
For ventilating purposes à hollow chamber would or may be formed at top of
fixed. window frame, and have a perforated. metal plate across it exposed to the.

page_text: atmosphere while a similar plate may be fitted next the apartment and a horizontal
or angled deflecting board be fitted within chamber.. A shutter or board would be
hinged preferably at its lower end in front of this hollow chamber next the
apartment and be held open by a cord or catch against the action of a spring rod,
to ventilate the apartment; while on the releasing of the cord or catch the shutter
would be automatically closed by the recoil action of spring rod.
Dated the 2nd October 1894.
.
Improvements in and relating to Windows.
1, HUGH KERR, of 69 King Street, Helensburgh, Dumbartonshire, Joiner, do..
hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement in writing, that is to say:
My invention has reference to improvements in and relating to windows, and has
for its object to enable the windows to be cleaned from within the apartments of
buildings and to ventilate said apartments.
According to my improvements I mount the lower and upper sash frames.to
swivel inwards on hinges at their lower ende, and to be carried and slide up and
down on vertical boards or metal bars working in grooves at each side of fixed
frame of window.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing or carrying
the same into practice may be properly understood I have hereunto appended an
explanatory sheet of drawings in which the same reference letters are used to
indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where shown.
Figure 1 is a front sectional elevation and Figure 2 a vertical section at right
angles and Figure 3 a horizontal section of a window as fitted with one arrange-
ment of my improvements.
Figures 4. 5. and 6 are views corresponding to Figures 1 to 3 but partly broken
away, of modified arrangements of my improvements.
Figures 7 and 8 are views corresponding to Figures 4 and 5. of another slightly
modified arrangement.
Figure 9 shows views of the plates on which the sash frame is swivelled and their.
securing fittings and Figures 10 and 10A represent views of slightly modified
arrangements.
Figure 11 shows views of the locking fastenings used at countercheck part of.
window.
and
Figure 12 represents views of a slightly modified arrangement to Figure 11
Figure 13 represents views of locking catches slightly modified from that shown
in Figures 11 and 12.
Referring to these drawings:-
J
In carrying these improvements into practice the vertical boards or metal bars a
would slide up and down in grooves on each side of usual vertical parting bead on
each side of fixed frame of window and would have the counterbalancing chains or
cords b attached at their upper end preferably by pins and links. with adjustable
holes, and when.bars are used as shown in Figures 1 and 2 and 7 and 8 they would
have metal strap guides at distances apart on each side that on the inside. being
of U shape with flanges to fit within the grooves in. fixed frame. The hanging
chains may be attached by counterweights 6' working within a boxed in part of
fixed frame or may be attached at both ends to the upper part of opposite
sashes A, A, so that the one sash frame may counterbalance the other, or this:
b

page_text: counterbalancing may be assisted by chains and, weights 6. for the lower sash
frame as shown in Figure 6.
The lower and upper sash frames A. A would be hinged, at their lower end to
the bottom part of the sliding boards or plates a by having pivot pius c in the lower
part of the side edges of frames engaging to swivel in eye bearings or holes in
plates a screwed to the sliding boards or bars a'. while additional pivot pins o' as
shewn in Figure 9 in side edges of window frames would engage in segmental
slots as in the plates a² so as to act as stops when, the window frames are, swivelled
on these hinges within the apartment while a cushioning pad of rubber or the like
would preferably be fitted at the top of these slots a³. The top sash frame A¹ may
be similarly fitted as the lower, or it may have single pivot hinges and have kneed
bracket supports at lower end which would enable it to swivel to a horizontal
position.
In the arrangement shown in Figure 10 the slot as for the pin c is formed by
having an opening in the plate a' in which is fitted a moveable block formed in two
pieces connected together by springs 22. This block is held in position by
tapered wedges a bearing against a ledge at on plate a³ and against the top
part 2 of block so that these wedges a' can be adjustably fixed by set screws a°. In
the arrangement shewn in Figure 10 a spiral spring a is mounted within a fixed
casing a so that the pin c shall be cushioned by said spring in its movements.
Alternately a horizontal cross bar d may be fitted between the lower ends of
sliding boards a and the bottom ends of lower and upper sash frames A A¹ be
attached to same as shown in Figure 8 by ordinary kneed strap hinges d' so that
the window frames may be swivelled inwards on said hinges.
When the window frames A A' are in their closed sliding position they would
be attached to the balanced sliding boards or bars a by catches or fastenings which
would or may consist as shown in Figure 11 of plates e hinged at el on the top rail
and near the side edge of each window frame. These plates e would be formed
with kneed or turned free ends e² which would entor pockets or recessed plates fon
the sliding bars a and be locked in position by top swivelling plates f¹ hinged either
on the catches as shown in Figure 11 and locked by the catch e3 or hinged to sash
frame as shown in Figure 12. Or as shown in Figure 13 a hand operated pin k
with crank or tongue arm ³ is mounted through sash frame so that when the handle k
is turned the crank arm passes through a slotted plate and enters a recess k* in
the bar a.
Or as shown in Figures 7 and 8 the catches may consist of slotted
plates 9 sliding loosely over pins g' on the face of the sliding bars a and having
projecting down pins 9' in knee flanged lower ends which enter holes in top of sash
frames, the whole being adjustably locked in position by thumb screws g³ entering
the slotted plates g.
The two sash frames A A' may be locked together and prevented from sliding
by a spring bolt entering a sloth' in the lower rail h² of bottom sash A.
For ventilating purposes a hollow chamber i would or may be formed at top of
fixed window frame and have a perforated metal plate across it exposed to the
atmosphere while a similar plate may be fitted next the apartment and a horizontal
or angled deflecting board be fitted within the chamber i. A shutter or board *
would be hinged preferably at its lower end in front of this hollow chamber i next
the apartment and be held open by a cord or catch it against the action of a spring
rod fitted within a box or housing j to ventilate the apartment while on the
releasing of the cord or catch the shutter would be automatically closed by the
recoil action of spring rod j.
When the lower sash frame A is brought down to its lowest position the spring
bolt enters a slot in frame A and so locks same in position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. In windows, the mounting of the sash frame to swivel inwards on hinges
i

page_text: at their lower ends, and to slide up or down on boards or bars working in grooves
at each side of fixed frame, substantially, as herein described in reference to and
shown in the accompaning drawings.
£
J'
Second, In windows, the mounting of sliding sash frames to swivel at their lower
end on pivot pins, in combination with auxiliary stop pins moving in segmental
slots, substantially as herein described in reference to and shown in the accom-
panying drawings.
Third. In windows, the arrangements of catch or fastening devices for securing
the sliding sash frames to the balanced boards or bars, substantially as herein
described in reference to and shown in the accompanying drawings.
Fourth. In combination with windows the arrangement of a ventilating chamber
and fittings at their upper end substantially as herein desoribed in reference to and
shown in the accompanying drawings.
Dated the 2nd day of T... 100%
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96. Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.