HAVING BROUGHT TO PERPECTION CERTAIN NEW METHODS AND IMPROVEMENTS ON THE STEAM ENGINE, FOR THE PURPOSES OF SAVING FUEL, LESSENING THE EXPENCE OF ERECTING STEAM. ENGINES, AND PRODUCING A MORE STEADY MOTION THEREIN THAN BY ANY MEANS AT PRESENT PRACTISED
Year: 1799

page_text: KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that I, MATTHEW MURRAY,
of Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Sixteenth day of July, in the thirty-ninth year of His reign,
gave and granted unto me, the said Matthew Murray, my exors, adññiors,
and assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said Matthew Murray, my exors, adñors, and assigns, and every
of them, by myself or themselves, or by my or their deputy or. deputies, ser-
vants or agents, or such. others as I; the said Matthew Murray, my exors,
admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter, during the term of fourteen years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
that part of the Kingdom of Great Britain called England, the Dominion of
Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "HAVING BROUGHT
TO PERPECTION CERTAIN NEW METHODS AND IMPROVEMENTS ON THE STEAM ENGINE,
FOR THE PURPOSES OF SAVING FUEL, LESSENING THE EXPENCE OF ERECTING STEAM.
ENGINES, AND PRODUCING A MORE STEADY MOTION THEREIN THAN BY ANY MEANS AT
PRESENT PRACTISED;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso as
or to the effect following (that is to say), that if I, the said Matthew
Murray, should not particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument.
in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in His
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within one, calendar month next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, that then the said

page_text: Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby granted,
should utterly cease, determine, and become void, as in and by the said in
part recited Letters Patent, relation being thereunto had, will more fully and
at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE,..that. in compliance with and agreeable.. to the true
intent and meaning-of the said proviso, in the said Letters Patent contained,
I, the said Matthew Murray, do hereby declare"
that the following is a par-
ticular description of the nature of my said Invention of new methods and
improvements on the steam engine, both in respect to principles, and to the
way and manner in which they are performed and rendered practically useful
(that is to say):-
―
First, in respect to principles, I cause the steam contained in the boiler (by
means of certain machinery herein described) tor act on the intensity of the
fire in such a manner, that when the steam is increased in the boiler beyond
its proper density, the fire will in proportion decrease in its' intensity or heat,
so as to keep a proportion between the density of the steam and the draft or
consumption of fuel. →.
3.
Secondly, I cause the steam or atmosphere to act on pistons moving in long
pipes or cylinders lying in an horizontal direction: "These pipes may be sq
¡be square
or found, and of any length required, but must lay in an horizontal direction,
which is the principal here stated, by which contrivance a more convenient
motion can be applied to mill work, and a much longer stroke can be obtained
than in the usual way
Thirdly, I cause the pistons moving in the above pipes or cylinders by their
reciprocating motion "to produce a circular or rotative motion of equal power
by means of screws, racks, and wheels, applied in such a manner as to cause
the power of the engine to fix alternately the wheels necessary for producing
motion in perpendicular or horizontal directions.
14
Now, I do declare, that the three above-mentioned principles comprehend the
real object of my Invention; and in order for the better comprehension and
understanding how the aforesaid may be reduced to practical use, I do hereby
further declare, that although I vary my mode of construction as a difference
in circumstances" may require, to produce the same effect and obtain the
main purpose intended, yet I principally adhere to the methods herein described
as being fully answerable to what is required, and 'best' calculated-to-be
understood from the Drawings and descriptions thereof, and
And the same is
described fully in" the Drawing or plan added hereto,
and contained in the
skin of parchment hereunto annexed: "The letters refer to the same Figures
in the Drawing.de istisma

page_text: Fig. 1 and 2, plan, and section of a boiler. A, a small, cylinder upon the
boiler, in which is fitted the piston and rack B, B,..which are made, to, move
freely up and down. C is a small wheel upon the shaft or spindle D, and
works with the rack B., E is a damper fixed, to the end of the spindle D in
the chimney F, where it has free liberty to turn round. G is a circular cone
fixed upon the spindle D, from, which, the weight His suspended by a small
chain. I is a pointer, upon, the spindle D, and is made to go round the
dividing scale K. Now, as the steam increases in the boiler beyond what is
necessary, it will press. up the piston and rack B, which will turn, the wheel C
and shut the damper E, at the same, time it will wind up the weight H, by
which means the draught of the chimney is suspended, and the further, con-
sumption of the burning coal is stopped till, the superfluous, steam is. wrought
out of, the boiler, while the divided scale shews the density of the steam..and
regulates the attention of the fireman.
Fig. 3 and 4, two horizontal. pipes, or cylinders. La piston; M, a piston
rod. Figures 1,1, inlets for the steam from the boiler and atmosphere;+2, 2, out-
lets for the condensed steam or atmosphere. N, roller for, bearing the piston L,
not shewn in Fig. 3rd. These pipes or cylinders, must, be firmly fixed, down
to a stone platform or iron cistern, or any kind of firm and secure fixing..
"
Fig. 5. O is a rack fixed to the piston rod, M, and moves upon the roller P,
Qis a socket wheel, with teeth, working in, the rack O. The inside of the
socket wheel Q is screwed to fit the middle of the axletree (Fig. 7). R, R,
are plain wheels put loose on the square of the axletree (Fig. 7), at 3.
S, S, tooth wheels put loose upon the round part of the axletree at 5 (Fig. 7).
T, T, plain wheels acting as abutments, put fast upon the a
10.
3.
10 TO 2007letree at 6 (Fig. 7).
TO
U is an axletree or rotative shaft for giving motion to the mill work, on
which are fixed the wheels Vand W. X, a small fly wheel for regulating
the motion. Now, the effect or motion of this machine is, that when, the
piston L and piston rod M, and rack O, are impelled by the steam or atmo
sphere in the direction of the arrow, the socket wheel Q turns upon the screwed
part of the axletree 7, and with its end pressed (by the force or power of the
engine) the loose wheel S between the wheels R & T, by which means
the wheel V is turned with the same velocity as the screwed wheel Q, while
the wheel S2 is at liberty the axle 7, in which situation the whole
W
DICTIO
continues till the piston arrives at the end of the long pipe or cylinder (Fig. 3),
where the piston changing motion and going in the contrary direction to the
arrow, the rack O turns the wheel Q in the contrary direction, sets at liberty
by the former means the wheel S 1, and fastens the wheel S 2, which gives
the same motion to the wheel W by means of the intermediate wheel B, as

page_text: shewn by the circles 2, 2, 2; the principle is the same in the Figures
6, 8, 9, 10, 11, only vary in their construction.
Fig. 6. Fig. 6 is a side view of Fig. 5, and shews the application of a
chain instead of the teeth of the rack O and wheel Q, but varies in no' other
respect.
Fig. 8. Fig. 8 shows how the rotative principle is applied to turn a per-
pendicular motion, and varies from Fig. 5 in having only three bevel wheels,
instead of the five spur wheels described.
Fig. 9, 10, and 11. Fig. 9, 10, and 11, shew the application of the prin-
ciple of Fig. 5, only vary in applying four diagonal links for alternately fixing
the wheels S 1, and S 2, instead of the 'screw on the alxetree (Fig. 7)."
Fig. 9 is a section of the wheels Q, R, R, T, T. 0, 0, 0, 0, are four diagonal
links or pushing joints; y, y, two plates to keep the wheel Q in the middle
of the axle Z. The wheels S 1. and S 2 are not shewn in this Figure.
Fig. 10 is a view of the axletree of Fig. 9 and 11
Fig. 11 shows the motion and effect of the diagonal links o, o, which
alternately press the wheels R, R.
Fig. 12 is a plan of the wheels R, T, only one is to be made fast and the-
other loose. I intend, in many cases, to apply the rotative principle here
described to perpendicular cylinders of steam engines; and I also intend to
apply the motion of the horizontal cylinders herein described to work with
crank motions as in the common way.
In witness whereof, I, the said Matthew Murray, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand seven hundred and ninety-nine.
MATTHEW MURRAY. (L.S.)
Sealed and delivered (being first duly stamped),
in the presence of us,
WM WILLCOCK,
Of Leeds aforesaid,
Cordwainer.
WM FENTON,
Of Leeds aforesaid,
Gentleman,

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eighth day of August, in the
year of our Lord 1799, the aforesaid Matthew Murray came before our
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according to the
tenor of the Statutes made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Thirteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand seven hundred and ninety-nine.