IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING HATS
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Carter, of No. 120, Prince of Wales Road,
Haverstock Hill, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING HATS""
Sealed the 18th August 1865, and dated the 22nd February 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Carter at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd February
1865.
I, JOHN CARTER, of No. 120, Prince of Wales Road, Haverstock Hill, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention.
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING HATS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus, for ventilating
hats. For these purposes when constructing a ventilating apparatus for a hat
a tube is used, formed with a moveable or fixed flange at one end, or it may
be otherwise formed to facilitate its being attached to the crown of a hat..
This tube is divided into two channels or compartments by a partition fixed,
longitudinally therein. The lower end of the tube is closed whilst the upper

page_text: end is open, and there is an opening on each side of the tube near its opposite
ends through one of which hot air passes away out of the hat and through the
other cool air passes into the hat. In place of the tube having a longitudinal
partition, two tubes may be used, one within the other, leaving a space between
the inner and outer tubes. In this arrangement the outer tube has similar
means for fastening it to the interior of a hat, as are above-mentioned. The
air from the interior of the hat ascends in one direction, whilst cool air
descends in the other direction into the hat; or two tubes may be placed side
by side.
The peculiarity of this apparatus consists in there being two tubular
channels in the crown of a hat, one by which the hot air ascends out of the
hat and another by which the outer or cool air descends into the hat.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Carter in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd
August 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
CARTER, of No. 120, Prince of Wales Road, Haverstock Hill, in the County of
Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said John Carter, Her special licence that I, the said John
Carter, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said John Carter, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any.
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS POR VENTILATING HATS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said John Carter, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in.
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Carter, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for ventilating
hats. For these purposes when constructing a ventilating apparatus for a bat
a tube is used, formed with a moveable or fixed flange at one end, or it may be
otherwise formed to facilitate its being attached to the crown of a hat. This
tube is divided into two channels or compartments by a partition fixed longi-
tudinally therein. The lower end of the tube is closed, whilst the upper end
is open, and there is an opening on each side of the tube near its opposite
ends, through one of which hot air passes away out of the hat, and through
the other cool air passes into the hat. In place of the tube having a longi-
tudinal partition, two tubes may be used, one within the other, leaving a space
between the inner and outer tubes. In this arrangement the outer tube has
similar means for fastening it to the interior of a hat as are above mentioned.
The air from the interior of the hat ascends in one direction, whilst cool air
descends in the other direction into the hat; or two tubes may be placed side
by side.
.
The peculiarity of this apparatus consists in there being two tubular channels
in the crown of a hat, one by which the hot air ascends out of the hat and
another by which the outer or cool air descends into the hat.
In the Drawings hereunto annexed I have shown as examples two arrange-
ments of apparatus for ventilating hats, constructed according to my Invention ;
one arrangement is shown at Figures 1, 2, and 3, and the other arrangement
at Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7.
Other arrangements of apparatus may, however, be adopted in carrying out
my Invention. Figure 1 is a plan view of the first arrangement of apparatus ;
Figure 2 is a vertical section; and Figure 3 a side view of the same. In
each of these Figures a is a portion of the crown of a hat to which the
apparatus is applied; b is a tube having a projecting flange around its upper
edge; sliding on the exterior of the tube b is a short tube c, having also at
its upper edge a projecting flange c'. The tube is fixed to the crown of the
hat by first forming a hole in the crown through which the tube b is passed;
the tube c is then slid over the tube b, until the edge of the crown of the hat
is nipped between the flange on the tubes b and c as shown. The tube is
open at the top and closed at the bottom, and is divided longitudinally by a
partition d. Through one side of the tube is an opening to allow air to pass

page_text: out of the interior of a hat as shown by the Drawing in Figure 2, and on the
opposite side of the tube is an opening to allow air to pass into the hat.
In the other arrangement shown at Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7, two tubes (one
placed within the other) are employed. Figure 4 is a plan view; Figure 5.
a longitudinal section; Figure 6, a side view; and Figure 7, an under side view
of the apparatus. In each Figure a is a portion of the crown of a hat; b is the
exterior tube; and c, the interior tube connected to the exterior tube, as shown
at d, Figures 4 and 5. The exterior tube is connected to the crown of the hat
by.nipping the crown between a flange on the top of the tube b, and a flange
on the tube c, which screws into the top of the tube b; the air enters the hat
through the tube c, and is distributed into numerous small currents by the
rose or spreader c¹ at the lower end of this tube, and air passes from the hat
through the space between the tubes b and c as shown by the arrows in
Figure 6.
In witness whereof, I, the said John. Carter, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-second day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
JOHN CARTER. (L.S.)