An Improvement in Main Service and other Taps or Cocks.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Sept.,
1894
Complete Specification Left, 20th Feb.. 1895-Accepted, 23rd Mar., 1895
An Improvement in Main Service and other Taps or Cocks.
I JAMES THOMAS GARRATT of 33 Leipsic Road Camberwell, in the County of
Surrey, Brass-founder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
+
The object of this invention is to construct a combination tap or cock which
will (when required) discharge the back water in the pipe so as to prevent freezing
of the water in pipes, and the consequent bursting.
In order to carry out the above object I construct the hollow casting of the tap
or cock with three ways, one of which is set off at right angles to the other two a
little above the centre and upon this I cut a male thread (the end having a nitre
or stop) upon which screws a loose key having a hole through same to communicate
with the hole in the casting through which the back water is discharged when the
said key is turned in one direction, and when the key is turned in an opposite
direction this way is closed and consequently the back water is retained in the pipe
in the ordinary manner.
Dated this 8th day of September 1894.
An Improvement in Main Service and other Taps or Cocks.
I JAMES THOMAS GARRATT, of 33 Leipsic Road, Camberwell, in the County
of Surrey, Brass-founder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to construct a combination tap or cock, which
will (when required) discharge the back-water in the pipe, so as to prevent the
water in the pipe from freezing, and the pipe consequently bursting.
In order to carry out the above object, I construct the hollow casting of the tap
or cock with three ways, and upon one of these I cut a thread (the end having a
nitre or stop) upon which screws a loose key, plug or cap, having a hole through
same to communicate with the hole in the casting through which the back-water is
discharged when the said key is turned in one direction: and when the key is
turned in the opposite direction this " way" is closed, and consequently the
back-water is retained in the pipe in the ordinary manner.
And in order that my said invention may be more clearly understood, I will now
proceed to describe the same with reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings
in which
Fig. 1 shews an elevation of a tap or cock made according to my invention,
Fig. 2 section through line A B Fig. 1, and
Fig. 3 a modification of my invention.

page_text: a shews the body or casting of tap or cock, screw valve, e screw cap provided
with a hole 9, d outlet e inlet of tap or cock, f extra outlet.
The tap or cock is connected to the pipe leading from the main to the cistern,
preferably as near as possible to where the main enters the building.
When it is required to run off the back-water, contained in the pipe between the
cistern and the main, the valve bis first closed, so as to prevent any fresh water
entering from the main, the cape is turned round (say half a turn) which opens
the extra outlet f, and the back-water between the tap or cock and the cistern will
run out through the hole in the cap c, thus emptying the aforesaid pipe, so that
there will be no water left in the same to freeze.
Before reopening the valve b, so as to admit more water, the key, cap or plug c
is turned in the opposite direction, so as to close the cutlet f, and consequently
prevent the water running out through the hole g: but causing it to supply the
cistern instead.
is a stop to prevent the cape from being turned too far round.
According to a modification of my invention shewn in section at Fig. 3 instead
of making the screw-key in the form of a cap c screwing on to the outlet f, as
before described, I may have a female thread cut in the outlet f, such outlet having
a hole i therein, and into this outlet I screw a plug & forming the key, provided with
a fly-nut 1, such plug having a hole m through one side-of same, so that by giving
the plug say half a turn, the hole m will come opposite the hole i and allow
the back-water to run through from the pipe, p p are stops to prevent the key
passing the right place.
It will be seen from the above that by the use of this invention, no water
will remain in the pipe between the cistern and the main, so that no freezing and
consequent bursting can take place during the frost.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improvement in main service and other taps or cocks substantially as
hereinbefore described and represented on the accompanying sheet of drawings.
2. In a three-way tap or cock, the screw-key provided with a hole so arranged
that by giving a slight turn to the said screw key the back water may be run off,
substantially as herein before described and represented on the accompanying sheet
of drawings.
BROWNE & Co.,
9, Warwick Court, Gray's Inn, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.