Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Feb., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 10th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 11th Feb., 1889
I, JOHANNES TEODORUS SCHOLTE, of Amsterdam in the Kingdom of Holland,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to pillar and suspended oil lamps, for the burning of
hydro-carbon and other oils; whereby the said lamps are simplified in their con-
struction, and are rendered more efficient when in use.
This invention consists 1st, in providing lamps with a means for indicating the
height of oil within the container, when the same is made of metal, or opaque
substances. 2ndly, in an improved connection between the collar of the oil reservoir,
and the foot of the burner body part. 3rdly, means for increasing or augmenting the
spreading out of the flame, by a radiator. 4thly in a deflector, for stopping off rays
of light from falling directly from the burner. 5thly in means for gaining access to
the burner, or to the wick, for lighting and trimming purposes. 6thly in the
constitution of the wicks.
Fitted within the top side of the container, is a screw plug, or removable stopper,
upwardly through the middle of which, a stalk or stem freely passes. The lower end,
is provided with a cylindrical float, which when in use, remains buoyant upon the
surface of the oil. The other and upper end of the stalk, is surmounted by a stop, in
the form of a ball, or other enlargement, for preventing the said stalk carrying the
float, from falling through into the reservoir; by this means, as the oil in the vessel is
consumed, so its height is indicated.
The connection of the foot of the burner part with the collar of the container
part, is made by a bayonet joint arrangement, sunken on the two opposite sides of
the foot.
The reservoir connection is supported upon cork, or other like non-conducting
material, situated upon the top side of the reservoir, and with the same suitably
enclosed within a sheet metal covering, by which means, the heat from the burner, is
stopped off, or prevented from travelling, by conduction, to the metallic reservoir, thus
keeping cool the oil container therein.

page_text: In applying my improvements to lamps with circular burners, the air shaft, which
passes up the middle of the burner, consists of a tube, reticulated or pierced with small
holes at its upper end, and surmounted by an overhanging flange, of a larger
diameter than the said shaft.
-
The flange, which is a flame radiator, and curved upwardly at it ends, may be varied
in size, according to the extent to which the flame, is required to be spread out.
The air shaft may have a countercap, or coned part under the flange; and instead
of the shaft being open, it is partially closed, by a diaphragm near its top end, through
the middle of which, a pipe passes, and depends downwards.
Situated on about a level with the top of the burner part, a circular shaped
deflector or guard is placed, for keeping the rays of light, from passing vertically
downwards, and injuring the eyes of persons reading or using the lamp. This guard,
which consists of a dish shaped disc, is disposed a little above the lower edge of the
shade; so that the rays of light are thrown upon the top side of the guard, which may
be silvered or polished, and from thence reflected upwardly on to the sides of the
shade, which are semi opaque.
The chimney is supported upon a gallery, common with the shade or globe gallery;
so that on the trimming or lighting of the lamp, the globe and chimney are removed
together. In applying my invention to suspended lamps, the supporting frame,
carries the gallery upon which the shade, and lamp glass are supported.
The bottom of the lamp, has a screw depending from its underside, which works
within a screw box in the frame, and through which, the end or terminal part of the
screw passes; so that by rotating the screw, the whole of the lamp, is raised and
lowered; and when lowered for lighting and trimming, the globe and chimney remain
suspended above the burner.
The stalk of the screw, for the raising and lowering of the lamp, may be made to
swivel, and work within a screw box, in the bottom of the lamp, instead of in the
supporting bracket.
The air shaft as aforesaid, may be extended downwards through the reservoir of the
lamp, to the foot, which is pierced with holes on its side.
The wick is preferably made of flexible asbestos, plaited or woven into a circular or
flat wick, by employing which, no charring at the point of ignition takes place.
Dated this
dow of B1000

page_text: Improvements in Lamps for the Burning of Hydro-carbon and
other Oils.
I, JOHANNES TEODORUS SCHOLTE of Amsterdam in the Kingdom of Holland, Civil
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention has reference to pillar and suspended oil lamps, for the burning of
hydro-carbon and other oils; whereby the said lamps are simplified in their construction,
and are rendered more efficient when in use.
This invention consists 1st in providing lamps with a means for indicating the height
of oil within the container, when the same is made of metal, or opaque substances.
2ndly in an improved connection between the collar of the oil reservoir, and the foot
of the burner body part. 3rdly means for increasing or augmenting the spreading
out of the flame by a deflector. 4thly in a reflector, for stopping off rays of light
from falling directly from the burner. 5thly in means for gaining access to the
burner, or to the wick, for lighting and trimming purposes. 6thly in the constitution
of the wicks.
Fitted within the top side of the container, is a screw plug, or removable stopper,
upwardly through the middle of which, a stalk or stem freely passes. The lower end
provided with a cylindrical float, which when in use, remains buoyant upon the
surface of the oil. The other and upper end of the stalk is surmounted by a stop, in
the form of a ball or other enlargement, for preventing the said stalk carrying the
float, from falling through into the reservoir; by this means, as the oil in the vessel is
consumed, so its height is indicated.
The connection of the foot of the burner part with the collar of the container
part, is made by a bayonet joint arrangement, sunken on the two opposite sides of
the foot.
The reservoir connection is supported upon cork, or other like non-conducting
material, situated upon the top side of the reservoir, and with the same suitably
enclosed within a sheet metal covering, by which means, the heat from the burner is
stopped off, or prevented from travelling, by conduction, to the metallic reservoir, thus
keeping cool the oil contained therein.
In applying my improvements to lamps with circular burners, the air shaft which
passes up the middle of the burner, consists of a tube reticulated or pierced with small
holes at its upper end, and surmounted by an overhanging flange, of a larger diameter
than the said shaft.
The flange which is a flame radiator, and curved upwardly at its ends, may be
varied in size, according to the extent to which the flame is required to be
spread out.
The air shaft may have a countercap or coned part under the flange; and instead
of the shaft being open, it is partially closed by a diaphragm near its top end, through
the middle of which, a pipe passes, and depends downwards.
Situated on about a level with the top of the burner part, a circular shaped deflector

page_text: or guard is placed, for keeping the rays of light from passing vertically downwards,
and injuring the eyes of persons reading or using the lamp. This guard which
consists of a dish shaped disc, is disposed a little above the lower edge of the shade;
so that the rays of light are thrown upon the top side of the guard, which may
be
silvered, or polished, and from thence reflected upwardly on to the sides of the shade,
which are semi-opaque.
The chimney is supported upon a gallery, common with the shade or globe gallery;
so that on the trimming or lighting of the lamp, the globe and chimney are removed
together. In applying my invention to suspended lamps, the supporting frame carries
the gallery upon which the shade and lamp glass are supported.
The bottom of the lamp has a screw box depending from its underside, and through
which a screw swivelling, within the frame passes; so that by rotating the screw, the
whole of the lamp is raised and lowered, and when lowered for lighting and trimming,
the globe or chimney remain suspended above the burner.
The air shaft as aforesaid may be extended downwards through the reservoir of the
lamp to the foot, which is pierced with holes on its side.
The wick is preferably made of flexible asbestos, plaited or woven into a circular or
flat wick, by employing which, no charring at the point of ignition takes place.
Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings, represent an indicating float, and
parts connected with it constructed according to my invention.
is a lamp container, made preferably from sheet metal, or other unbreakable
opaque substance, b,-is a screwed ferrule, and b is a screwed stopper taking
therein; this screwed stopper has an axial hole up its middle, through which the stalk
or stem a' of an indicator float a passes, and which when in use remains buoyant upon
the surface of the oil, and thus indicates the height of liquid in the vessel, or poured
into it, by the top portion of the stalk being presented more or less above the top of
the stopper.
The Hoat is prevented from falling, by a stop or terminal a³ at the top of the
stalk.
Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 represent side elevations, plan and section of fittings of the
connection of the foot of the burner part of a lamp, with the collar of the container
part. is the foot of the burner part, with a sunken bayonet slot fastener marked g,
of which the entrance to it is marked g. These slots which are on the two opposite
sides of the lower part of the foot as aforesaid, are stamped inwardly by press tools,
as is best seen in the section figure 5, which is taken upon the dotted lines 1-2 of
figure 4.
The collar part c wherein the lower part of the foot f fits socketwise, has opposite
studs d, d', sunken or pressed inwardly, and when in use, pass up the entrance into
the slot 9, which may be made slightly inclined, so as to make a perfectly tight
joint.
The collar or connection c is supported upon a non-conducting material 7, situated
upon the top side of the container, (as seen in figure 10) and which said non-
conducting material is covered by a sheet metal covering j. The said figure 10
represents a lamp provided with a circular burner.
is the pierced upper part of an air shaft, and surmounted by an overhanging
deflector flange k, which may be increased in size to any desirable extent as repre-
sented in figure 8, and marked k', . This said flange 'constitutes a flame deflector,
and by increasing or decreasing its size, the flame from the lamp may be spread out
to a greater extent..
Figure 9 represents a modification of the upper end of the said air tube - is the
air tube, h' is a coned pierced chamber part at its upper end, and is a deflector
flange surrounding it, whilst i is a central tube leading to the said chamber.
Figure 11 represents a suspended lamp, provided with a reflector made according
to my invention. m is the reflector, and m³ is the shade.
By arranging the reflector as described, it both deffects the rays of light emanating
from the flame, and also keeps the said rays from passing vertically downwards us
aforesaid.

page_text: The chimney of the lamp is supported upon a gallery common to the shade or globe
gallery, as represented both in the said figure 11, and applied to a table lamp as in
figure 15. When arranged as in figure 15, the wick can be trimmed or lighted by
removing the chimney and globe from the burner part.
Figures 12, 13 and 14 represent elevations and part sections of a suspended lamp,
provided with means for raising and lowering, in order to trim or light the lamp,
without removing the shade and chimney.
The bottom of the container or lamp has a screw box, wherein a screw or
wormed rod o, swivelling within the lower framing, takes. The said lower part ¹ is
made slightly elliptical, or with a rib, which works within the box like lower part p¹
of the framing p; so that on the screw o being rotated by its terminal or turn, the
lamp is raised or lowered, and the wick or wicks exposed for trimming or lighting as
represented in figure 12.
It will be seen that the part section figure 14 is in a slightly different position to
that of figure 13.
It will be seen in figure 10, that the air shaft is directed downwards through the
middle of the container of the lamp to the foot, which is piersed with holes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is―
First. The construction and application of a movable float, to the oil container of'
a lamp, as represented in figures 1, 2 and 3.
Secondly. Forming the bayonet like fastening slots marked 9, 9 of the part f, and
the stud parts d, d' of the part c, by stamping or sinking, and raising them respectively
from out of the metal of the said parts, as set forth.
--
Thirdly Mounting upon the summit of an air shaft h, a flame deflector or
enhancer k, k, k, as set forth in figures 8 and 10; also the modification of said air
shaft and deflector, and parts connected with them as represented in figure 9.
Fourthly. Interposing between the oil container, and the burner part, a non-
conducting filling in or jacket part 1, covered by a metallic or other enclosing casing j,
as set forth.
Fifthly. Arranging within the interior of the shade or globe part of a lamp, a
primarly reflector deflector m, which is constructed, arranged and applied in manner
and for the purpose as set forth.
Sixthly. The means herein described and set forth in figures 12, 13, 14 and 15,
for lighting the lamp without removing the globe or shade, and chimney, as set
forth.
Seventhly. The improvements in the construction and arrangement of the parts
of lamps as herein described and set forth in the several figures of the drawings.
Lastly. Making the wicks of oil lamps of flexible asbestos or amiante, plaited or
woven into form, as set forth.
Dated this 10th day of November 1888.