CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW STOPS AMD DIES FOR CUTTING OR FORMING METAL SCREWS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Eades, General Tool Manufacturer, of
Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, and George Worstenholm,
Machinist, also of Birmingham, aforesaid, for the Invention of "CERTAIN
Sealed the 12th April 1861, and dated the 17th October 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Eades and George
Worstenholm at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 17th October 1860.
We, WILLIAM EADES, General Tool Manufacturer, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, and GEORGE WORSTENHOLM, Machinist, also of Bir-
mingham, aforesaid, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW STOPS AMD DIES FOR CUTTING OR FORMING
METAL SCREWS," to be as follows (that is to say):-
Our Invention consists in placing the adjustable dies into the stock in a
radial direction, and fitting on the shoulder of the handle next to the moveable
dies a sliding collar flanged at the end for receiving screws, which abut
against the outer end of the dies. And through this slide and shoulder of the
stock a wedge is fitted with an adjusting screw, so that by turning the screw
in the direction required the collar will be advanced or freed back, so as to
press in or free the dies, but when the dies require shifting for cutting large or
small screws, the adjustment first is effected by the side screws applied to the

page_text: By this
flanges of the collar before referred to; but this same result may also be
obtained by tapping the shoulder and pressing forward the sliding collar with
a nut; but instead of applying extended flanges, the sides of the shifting collar
may be attached by hinge joints to the stock for receiving the adjusting screws
for setting the dies to the pin desired to be tapped, and the further regulation
effected as the screwing or tapping process proceeds by the wedge principle
before described, being pressed towards the stock, and thereby pressing in the
same direction the jointed plates that carry the adjusting screws.
means the dies may be readily expanded or contracted to suit the various sized
pins or rods desired to be screwed. And the progressive contraction of the
dies invariably required in cutting screws is effected in the most delicate
manner, which, when done, have only to be reversed to allow the dies to be
opened to the original setting to repeat the same operation. The heads of the
screws may be divided and figured or lettered to define the amount of ex-
pansion or contraction desired, according to the depth of the thread or fineness
of the screw required to be cut.
In making the stocks we prefer casting them in steel, laying in chills, for
forming the radial mortices for receiving the dies; not that we purpose con-
fining ourselves to the use of steel, as they may be made of malleable cast iron
or forged in the ordinary way, if preferred.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Eades and George Worstenholm in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 17th April 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
EADES, General Tool Manufacturer, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, and GEORGE WORSTENHOLM, Machinist, also of Birmingham, afore-
said, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
William Eades and George Worstenholm, Her special license that we, the said
William Eades and George Worstenholm, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others, as we, the said William Eades and George Worsten-
holm, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during

page_text: the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN SCREW STOCKS AND DIES FOR CUTTING OR FORMING METAL SCREWS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that we, the said William Eades and George
Worstenholm, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Eades, do hereby declare the
nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
Our Invention consists in placing the adjustable dies into the stock in a
radial direction, and fitting on the shoulder of the handle next to the moveable
dies a sliding collar flanged at the outer ends for receiving set screws, which
screws abut against the outer end of the moveable dies, and through this slide
and shoulder of the stock a wedge is fitted with an adjusting screw, by the.
turning of which in the direction required the collar will be advanced or freed
back, so as to press in or free the dies. The effect of this arrangement is of
importance, as the set screws first referred to defines the depth of the thread
and size of screw intended to be cut, and in no iustance can this be varied,
unless by altering the position of the set screws, so that we ensure great
accuracy,
which is highly essential when a number of bolts or such like articles
require to be screwed of the same size, as the last will be found to be of the
exact size and depth of thread as the first, both fitting the same nut when in
use, but when the dies require shifting for cutting larger or smaller screws the
readjustment is first effected by the side screws applied to the flanges of the
collar before referred to, but the distance between the flanges and the shoulders
of the stock at all times define the range of the collar and the depth of the
thread, the collar being gradually advanced towards the dies by the screw
wedge before named. And this same result may also be obtained by screwing
the handle at that part in contact with the stock nearest the moveable dies,
and pressing forward the sliding collar by means of a suitable nut; but when
I adopt this modification I prefer forming a projecting screw on the side of the
stock at right angles with the handles; and this arrangement allows of the
application of a small set screw applied to the outer end of the nut for regu-
lating the size of screw and depth of the thread.

page_text: And another modification of our improvements consists in decreasing the
flanges of the sliding collar (before referred to), and applying the adjusting
screws to straps, which may be attached with hinge joints to the stock, and
the slide operated upon by a wedge terminating with a screw and nut, as
before mentioned; or the wedges may be tapped on each end, one nut being
used for forcing the dies towards the centres, necessary in the operation of
cutting screws, and the other screw and nut for the purpose of defining its
range of action. By this means the dies may be readily expanded or con-
tracted to suit the various sized pins or rods desired to be screwed, and the
progressive contraction of the moveable dies (invariably required in cutting
screws) is effected in the most delicate manner, which, when done, have only
to be reversed to allow the dies to be opened to the original setting to repeat
the same operation. The set screws or pins may be divided around their heads
and figured or lettered to define the particular adjustment desired, according
to, the size of the bolt required to be screwed and the depth of the thread.
In making our improved stocks we prefer casting them in steel, laying in
cores for forming the recesses for receiving the fixed and moveable dies, not that
we purpose confining ourselves to the use of cast steel, as they may be made
of malleable cast iron, or forged in the ordinary way, if preferred.
But as our improvements will be best understood by referring to the
Drawings hereunto annexed, I will now proceed to describe the same,
reference being made to the various figures and letters marked thereon.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figures 1 and 2 represent an edge and flat view of a stock and dies
adjusted and constructed with our improvements, the handles being broken off
for the convenience of space. The part A is cast or otherwise formed with the
part B, which is solid, that is to say, recesses formed for the dies in the solid
metal without being held in by an additional plate with screws as now con-
monly, done; and over the part A the collar C is passed and is advanced
towards the centre of the stock by the wedge D, partly shown in dotted lines,
being pulled through or freed back by the nut E, the part F being simply a
loose collar, so that the wedge not only passes through the collar C but also
in the same direction through the part A. . The moveable dies G and H partly
seen in dotted lines, are. adjusted to their work by the set screws I and J,
tapped through the flanges of the collar C, as here shown. And we will
suppose that the stock is placed in position for screwing a pin; as the work
proceeds the nut E is turned around, pulling the wedge through from its
broadest end, which will have the effect of advancing the collar, and by the

page_text: ends of the pins I and J being in contact with the outer ends of the moveable
dies, the dies will also be advanced, and this may be continued by turning the
screw E until the part of the flanges marked A, A, are in contact with B, B, and
the distance between the part a of the flange and the shoulder 6 of the stock
will always define the depth of the thread, so that when it may be desirable to
screw a number of bolts of the same size, great accuracy will be thus insured
without extra skill or attention from the operator, as the mere reversing the
nut E to admit of the retiring of the wedge the collar will be drawn back,
allowing the moveable cutters to expand to the full circumference of the pin
desired to be screwed.
And this same result we obtain in a most efficient and economic manner by
forming the stock as exhibited in a flat and edge view at Figures 3 and 4.
K is a strong hardened or tempered screwed pin formed with the part of the
stock marked L, the outer end of the moveable dies marked C, C, project
through the mortices in which they are placed, and against them a loose collar
or washer, as here shewn in section marked d, and next the, nut f, f, also
shewn in section, the end of which is closed and fitted with a finely wormed
set screw marked 9, 9; and for illustration I will observe that in. cutting a
thread with this stock the nut has to be gradually turned around, and this
may be progressively continued, thereby advance the moveable dies to their
work, as indicated in dotted lines, until the inner end of the set screw g comes
in contact with the end of the pin K, which will stop the further action in
that direction of the collar or nut f, and thereby define the depth of the thread
desired to be cut. By reversing the action of the nut f the cutters may be
again expanded to cut in like manner a screw of the same size and depth of
thread as the former, the head of the set screw 9 may be divided on its
periphery, so that it may be shifted and reset in the same position as required,
and provided with holes for the insertion of a lever as at h, Figure 4, for
turning it around or otherwise, as preferred.
Figures 5 and 6 represent an edge and flat view of a stock similarly con-
structed to Figures 1 and 2, with the exception that instead of the set screws i
and j being screwed through the flanges of the slide M, they are tapped
through the flaps N, N, which are connected to the stock by hinge joints
working on centres at 1, 1; the projections of the slide M in connection with
the flaps N may be hollowed out for them to lie in, as here shewn in dotted
lines.
But by way of simplifying the construction and still preserving the important
means of defining the depth of the thread or size of the screw, I will describe
a stock exhibited also in an edge and flat view at Figures 7 and 8; we

page_text: actuate the moveable cutters by a double wedge or inclined planes, as
exhibited in dotted lines, the inclined planes press on the outer end of the
moveable dies, and are operated on by the nut P screwed on the end of the
double inclined wedge marked Q. and the degree of adjustment is obtained, or
the depth and size of the screw determined by the nut R screwed on the other
end of the double inclined' wedge marked S, thus it will be evident that the
dies being placed over a bolt for the purpose of screwing, by turning the nut P
around, the dies m and n will be advanced, and this may be continued until
the shoulder of the nut R, marked o, o, is brought in contract with the side of
the stock in connection with it; thus effecting the same object as obtained
by the set screws I and J in Figure 2.
I have omitted showing the double inclined wedges (with regulating and set
screws in the edge view, Figure 7, simply exhibited, the mortice or slot
through which the inclines work, marked Y.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner in
which the same may be carried into effect, I wish it understood that we do
not claim the radial position of the cutters, nor the mode or principle of
advancing them to their work, further than their connection with or contri-
buting to the object of our Invention, which is that of constructing stocks and
dies for cutting screws in such a way that means are provided for defining the
desired depth or size of a screw or any number of screws desired to be cut,
which is new and highly important in the construction of screw stocks.
Secondly, we claim the making of screw stocks at the part where the dies
are applied solid, whether cast or forged or otherwise formed in counter-
distinction to the common mode of holding in the dies by means of an outer
plate secured by screws.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Eades, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
WILLIAM EADES. (L.S.)
Witness,
ALFRED PERRY,
Clerk to J. S. Cockings, Patent Agent,
26, Ann Street, Birmingham.