IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MOREENS AND OTHER FABRICS OF A SIMILAR CHARACTER
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Smith Bottomley, of Bradford, in the County of
York, Warehouseman to Messrs. Churton, Bankart, and Hirst, of
Bradford, in the said County, Stuff Merchants, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MOREENS AND OTHER FABRICS OF
A SIMILAR CHARACTER."
Sealed the 25th January 1859, and dated the 3rd November 1858..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Smith Bottomley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd
November 1858.
I, SMITH BOTTOMLEY, of Bradford, in the County of York, Warehouseman
to Messrs. Churton, Bankart, and Hirst, of Bradford, in the said County,
Stuff Merchants, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MOREENS AND OTHER FABRICS OF A SIMILAR
CHARACTER," to be as follows:-
The improvements.relate to the manufacture of moreens and other fabrics
of a similar character thereto wherein worsted warp is employed.
In the manufacture of that class of fabrics commonly known as moreens,
the material employed for warp and weft has hitherto been wool, or a com-
bination of wool, alpaca, and mohair, except in the case of a moreen recently
introduced, wherein a cotton thread is combined with wool, mohair, and
alpaca, to form a weft thread.
My improvements consist in the employment in the manufacture of moreens
of weft composed of hemp, flax, linen, or other similar vegetable fibre,

page_text: excepting cotton in place of weft, composed of wool, wool alpaca, and
mohair, or wool, alpaca, and mohair combined with a thread of cotton, as now
in use.
My improvements also relate to the use of weft, composed partly of wool,
and partly of hemp, flax, linen, or other similar vegetable fibre, excepting
cotton. The warp I use for the manufacture of the fabric is composed of
wool, but a similar effect may be produced from a warp composed of alpaca
or mohair, or a combination of wool, mohair, and alpaca, and a somewhat
similar effect may be produced by the use of a warp composed of wool and
hemp, flax, or linen combined.
The improvements also relate to the employment of linen, flax, or hemp as
weft threads, in conjunction with worsted warp in the production of other
fabrics wherein worsted wefts have hitherto been used. By the combinations
of materials referred to, strength and durability with economy are obtained.
Whilst mention is made of other vegetable fibre than hemp, flax, and
linen, it is not meant to include cotton, either as warp or weft, either singly or
in combination with other material.
The improvements apply to the use of hemp, flax, linen, or other vegetable
fibres, except cotton, as weft in the manufacture not only of moreens but
other classes of fabrics, such as "durants," "tammys," and other similar
fabrics wherein worsted warp and weft are employed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Smith Bottomley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
30th April 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SMITH
BOTTOMLEY, of Bradford, in the County of York, Warehouseman to Messrs.
Churton, Bankart, and Hirst, of Bradford, in the said County, Stuff
Merchants; send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Smith Bottomley, Her special licence that I, the said Smith Bottomley,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Smith
Bottomley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and

page_text: vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF MOREENS AND OTHER FABRICS OF A SIMILAR CHARACTER," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Smith Bottomley, my executors, or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Smith Bottomley, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
The improvements relate to the manufacture of moreens and other fabrics
of a similar character thereto wherein worsted warp is employed..
In the manufacture of that class of fabrics commonly known as moreens,
the material employed for warp and weft has hitherto been wool, or a com-
bination of wool, alpaca, and mohair, except in the case of a moreen recently
introduced, wherein a cotton thread is combined with wool, mohair, and
alpaca, to form a weft thread.
My improvements consist in the employment in the manufacture of moreens
of weft composed of hemp, flax, linen, or other similar vegetable fibre,
excepting cotton, in place of weft composed of wool, wool alpaca, and
mohair, or wool, alpaca, and mohair combined with a thread of cotton, as now
in use.
My improvements also relate to the use of weft composed partly of wool
and partly of hemp, flax, linen, or other similar vegetable fibre, excepting
cotton. The warp I use for the manufacture of the fabric is composed of
wool, but a similar effect may be produced from a warp composed of alpaca or
mohair, or a combination of wool, mohair, and alpaca, and a somewhat similar
effect may be produced by the use of a warp composed of wool and hemp,
flax, or linen combined.
The improvements also relate to the employment of linen, flax, or hemp as
weft threads, in conjunction with worsted warp in the production of other
fabrics wherein worsted wefts have hitherto been used.. By the combinations
of materials referred to, strength and durability with economy are obtained.
Whilst mention is made of other vegetable fibre than hemp, flax, and linen,
it is not meant to include cotton either as warp or weft, either singly or in
combination with other material.

page_text: The improvements apply to the use of hemp, flax, linen, or other vegetable
fibres except cotton, as weft in the manufacture not only of moreens, but
other classes of fabrics, such as "durants," "tammys," and other similar
fabrics wherein worsted warp and weft are employed.
:' In witness whereof, I, the said Smith Bottomley, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Witness,
W. A. LIVERSIDGE,
Bradford, Yorks.
SMITH BOTTOMLEY. (L.S.)