Im- PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING, TWISTING, OR DOUBLING WORSTED, WOOLLEN, COTTON, SILK, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, AND IN MEANS FOR PREPARING PART OF SUCH APPARATUS
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Michael Stell, of Hamerton Mills, Bradford, in
the County of York, Worsted Spinner, for the Invention of "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING, TWISTING, OR
DOUBLING WORSTED, WOOLLEN, COTTON, SILK, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES,
AND IN MEANS FOR PREPARING PART OF SUCH APPARATUS."
Sealed the 10th March 1871, and dated the 3rd December 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Michael Stell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd December 1870.
I, MICHAEL STELL, of Hamerton Mills, Bradford, in the County of
York, Worsted Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for 66
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING, TWISTING,
OR DOUBLING WORSTED, WOOLLEN, COTTON, SILK, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES,
AND IN MEANS FOR PREPARING PART OF SUCH APPARATUS" (to be as follows) :-
:-
This Invention relates to further improvements in machinery or
apparatus for which Letters Patent were granted to me, date the
Fifth day of February 1870, No. 334, and consist as follows:-
Firstly. Instead of the dead spindles or studs being constructed with
fixed collars or shoulders, as shewn on No. 2.Sheet of Drawings of the

page_text: Specification referred to, I propose to use a straight spindle or stud and
apply a loose collar thereto, on which is a boss to fit in the spindle rail,
by which means the said spindle may readily be adjusted without injury
thereto.
Secondly. I may also employ an additional tube to be placed over or
outside of the other tube, (specified in Patent referred to at Figure 1, No. 2
Sheet,) with slots or grooves in the side, to allow it to work freely up
and down on the ribs or feathers of the said tube referred to, such outer
tube having a light washer or flange at the foot thereof to rest upon
the lifter plate. Upon this tube is placed the bobbin, spool, or paper
tube upon which the spun, doubled, or twisted thread or yarn is to be
wound.
Thirdly. The improvement has reference to the spinning upon bobbins,
spools, and paper tubes on the cap frame, and consists in placing and
using the spool in a reversed position on the spindle or stud, that is, by
the flange of such spool being at the top end, which will also necessarily
require that one of the two motions for operating the lifter plate should
also be reversed, when the yarn will begin to wind on at the top end
instead of at the bottom end of the said bobbins, spools, or tubes.
By
these means the bulk of the yarn on the bobbin, spool, or tube in the
process of spinning, doubling, or twisting will always be enclosed in the
cap, and thereby be preserved from exposure to the irritating influences
of the atmosphere. To accomplish this object on the ordinary cap frame
ribs or pins must be fixed on the side of the tube. This arrangement is
equally applicable to the twisting or doubling on the cap frame.
Fourthly. I apply or place a lubricating washer in a recess formed in
the top of the wharle, and another in a recess on the top of the spindle
collar, and I may also have the wharle and the tube in one piece, or
fastened together, which in the Specification of the Patent referred to
are described as separate from each other. Also instead of tubes, as
aforesaid, I may form an equivalent, by having two longitudinal wires
or strips of metal attached by one end to and projecting from the flange
or the wharle, and connected by a ring at the other end.
Fifthly. The Invention relates to the means of preparing or making
the grooves in the spools or bobbins to fit the ribs or feathers of the
tubes or their equivalents, and which in the Specification herein-before
referred to were effected by boring tools. Now by this improvement I

page_text: employ a punch or drift pin having a cutter on each opposite side of the
size and form that the grooves are required to be, and each cutter having
a passage through it. This punch or pin is driven through the spools or
bobbins, which cuts the grooves therein, and the passages allow the
waste to escape.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Michael Stell in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 2nd June 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MICHAEL
STELL, of Hamerton Mills, Bradford, in the County of York, Worsted
Spinner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of December, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Michael Stell, Her special licence that
I, the said Michael Stell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Michael Stell, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR SPINNING, TWISTING, OR DOUBLING WORSTED, WOOLLEN, COTTON, SILK, OR
OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, AND IN MEANS FOR PREPARING PART OF SUCH
APPARATUS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Michael Stell, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Michael Stell, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by

page_text: the following statement and accompanying Sheet of Drawings (that is
to say) :-
This Invention relates to further improvements in machinery or
apparatus for which Letters Patent were granted to me, dated the
Fifth day of February 1870, Number 334, and consists as follows :—
Firstly. Instead of the dead spindles or studs being constructed with
fixed collars or shoulders, as shewn on No. 2 Sheet of Drawings of the
Specification referred to, I propose to use a straight spindle or stud and
apply a loose collar thereto, on which is a boss to fit in the spindle rail.
A slit or slits is or are cut through the boss, and by means of a set screw
I fasten the said boss and dead spindle or stud in the spindle rail, by
which means the said spindle may readily be adjusted without injury
thereto.
Secondly. I may also employ an additional tube to be placed over or
outside of the other tube (specified in Patent referred to at Fig. 1, No. 2
Sheet), with slots or grooves in the side, to allow it to work freely up
and down on the ribs or feathers of the said tube referred to, such outer
tube having a light washer or flange at the foot thereof to rest upon the
lifter plate. Upon this tube is placed the bobbin spool or paper tube
upon which the spun, doubled, or twisted thread or yarn is to be wound.
Thirdly. The improvement has reference to the spinning upon bobbins,
spools, and paper tubes on the cap frame, and consists in placing and
using the spool in a reversed position on the spindle or stud, that is, by
the flange of such spool being at the top end, which will also necessarily
require that one of the two motions for operating the lifter plate should
also be reversed, when the yarn will begin to wind on at the top end
instead of at the bottom end of the said bobbins, spools, or tubes. By
these means the bulk of the yarn on the bobbin, spool, or tube in the
process of spinning, doubling, or twisting, will always be enclosed in the
cap, and thereby be preserved from exposure to the irritating influences
of the atmosphere. To accomplish this object on the ordinary cap frame
ribs or pins must be fixed on the side of the tube. This arrangement is
equally applicable to the twisting or doubling on the cap frame.
Fourthly. I apply or place a lubricating washer in a recess formed in
the top of the wharle, and another in a recess on the top of the spindle
collar, and I may also have the wharle and the tube in one piece, or
fastened together, which in the Specification of the Patent referred to
are described as separate from each other. Also instead of tubes, as

page_text: aforesaid, I may form an equivalent, by having two longitudinal wires
or strips of metal attached by one end to and projecting from the flange
or the wharle, and connected by a ring at the other end.
Fifthly. The Invention relates to the means of preparing or making
the grooves in the spools or bobbins to fit the ribs or feathers of the
tubes, or their equivalents, and which in the Specification herein-before
referred to were effected by boring tools. Now by this improvement I
employ a punch or drift pin having a cutter on each opposite side of the
size and form that the grooves are required to be, and each cutter having
a passage through it. This punch or pin is driven through the spools or
bobbins which cuts the grooves therein, and the passages allow the
meste to come
herein give reference to an accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
The first part is shewn in Fig. 1, where A is the dead spindle or stud,
which is straight or parallel, or of equal thickness throughout its length
(except at its top end being taper to receive the cap, as usual), it being
without fast collar or shoulder; and B is a loose collar with boss or bush
made to fit easy on the spindle or stud, and also to fit into the same
holes of the spindle or stud rail C as the ordinary fast shouldered studs
fitted. This boss or bush it will be seen is split or cut nearly into two
parts longitudinally, and a set screw D is inserted through or into one
side of the rail, by the tightening of which the said boss or bush will be
not only held fast in the rail, but the spindle or stud will be held fast in
the boss or bush, and without any injury to the said spindle or stud. A
screw E is also inserted into the end of this boss or bush, by which the
spindle can be adjusted to any suitable or required position, and by
means of the lock nut F held fast, and being so set and fastened that
the spindle or stud cannot be driven further down or into the rail by the
constant action or repeated blows in placing the cap thereon. It will
now be evident that by this improved construction and method of
fastening no injury can be done to the stud, and a saving will be
affected in the cost of renewal of them when worn out by use. It
will also be observed that by my method of driving the bobbins, as
explained in the Specification of Patent referred to, the wharle G is
always at the bottom, or close to the spindle rail, consequently cap

page_text: studs may be made smaller than heretofore, and to the same size as
the pins or pikes of the shuttles employed in weaving ordinary fly spool
bobbins.
The second part of my said Invention is also shewn in Fig. 1, where H
is the additional tube placed outside or upon the tube I, shewn and
described in my former Patent referred to. This tube H rests or rides
upon the lifter plate J, and has slots or grooves K in its sides to receive
the ribs or feathers on the tube I by which it is driven, and on which it
moves up and down. The bobbin spool or paper tube, as shewn at L,
upon which it is intended to spin or double yarn is placed upon and
carried by this tube.
The third part of this Invention will be readily understood without
reference to Drawings, as it consists in simply reversing or inverting the
position of the spool bobbin on the spindle or stud which is placed
thereon with the flange upwards instead of downwards, as heretofore,
and reversing the action of the spool motion, or the apparatus for
producing the gradual rising and falling motion of the spools for
winding on the yarn, so that the yarn as it becomes wound upon the
spool passes within the cap, and is thereby protected from the irritating
influence of the atmosphere, by which I obtain a better class of yarn.
In the adaptation of the ordinary cap frame for this method of spinning
or twisting it will be necessary to have the sides of the tubes provided
with pins, springs, or other means of fastening or holding the spools
thereon, so as to be driven thereby, as will be understood from the
Specification of my prior Patent referred to.
I
The fourth part of the said Invention is shewn at Figs. 1 and 2, where
M are the lubricating washers placed in a recess formed in the top of
the wharle, and another in the spindle boss. In some cases I may have
the wharle and the tube in one or fastened together, and instead of tubes
may form an equivalent, as shewn in Fig. 2, where N are two ribs or
strips of metal attached to a short tube P fixed to a flange Q, which may
either rest upon and be driven by frictional contact of the wharle, or
may be fixed to it; and these ribs are also connected to a ring or short
tube 8, thus forming an equivalent for the tube for carrying and driving
spool or other bobbins when grooved to fit thereon, as fully explained in
my former Patent.
The fifth part of my said Invention is shewn at Figs. 3 and 4, which
are an elevation and cross section of my improved apparatus or instru-

page_text: ment for grooving the spools or bobbins, which for better illustration is
drawn twice full size. It is a punch or drift pin having a cutter on each
side of the form and size the grooves are required to be cut, these cutters
being formed open for the strip of wood or waste material to pass
through. It will be evident that this punch being made in its body
part to the size of the hole in the bobbin, and being driven through it,
the projecting cutters must cut grooves in the bobbin, and each bobbin
grooved thereby must be grooved exactly alike, so as to fit the tubes
provided with ribs or feathers for driving them. The best mode of
constructing this punch which I have found is by making both cutters
in one piece, and boring the two holes for the waste material to pass
through; then I cut a slot hole through the punch to insert the cutters
therein, and fix them by means of a wedge.
In witness whereof, I, the said Michael Stell, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this First day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Michael Stell, in
the presence of
WM. TASKER,
Patent Agent,
Halifax & Bradford.
MICHAEL STELL. (L.S.)