IMPROVEMENTS IN SCAVENGERS CARTS
Year: 1885

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
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I ROBERT COOKE SAYER of 3 Summer Hill Villas, Maindee, Newport in the
County of Monmouth Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SCAVENGERS CARTS" and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
*.
. See Drawing No 1 which shows the system as applicable. to horse traction int
Fig 1 represents an end elevation. Fig 2 aslongitudinal section: Fig:3'a'transverse
section: Fig 4 a sectional plan. A A represents can inner chamber corrugated at
the sides as shown and, provided, with the tubes C. C. C. the chamber: A is,
supported above the bottom of the outer chamber or cart B leaving the space D,
and this space, is cut off from the space D' which passes all round the Cart except,
at the top between the tubes C and resting. on their flanges &c are perforated
plates E: a door F is provided.
i.
Upon the top, of the Cart supported by the frame G is, provided, a gas bag which
is to supply gas under pressure to pipes fixed to the chamber A only, and passing f
through the tubes C and at, the corrugations of the sides proper. air pipes &c
being provided. The gas bag is to be supplied through a flexable pipe connected
for the purpose, with a street main.
B is the outer casing or Cart proper provided with 'door H slide traps or sluices. J
and K: also watering valves and pipes L, L' and L³ respectively."
The first pair of wheels have crank'd' axle M and is fitted with the 'apparatus as
shown for lowering the front part of the Cart to any desired angle for the purpose,
of tipping the material: it consists of angle-irons or other supports M³ fixed to the,.
axle M and forms vertical slots, they carry a 'strong screw bolt N on each side of
the Cart, this screw bolt supports the secondary axle, M³ (being a hollow tube for
lightness) and forms with the rods and struts, M a truss: the ends of M² work
vertically in the slots M3 before mentioned and support the body of the Cart and is
regulated and worked up and down by the 'train of cogs and pinions. N³, N³ and N
which latter is worked by the hand of the operator, 'the 'wheels being connected by"
wires or chains and lowers the Cart to the position O and back as required, cz
时

page_text: The cart is also fitted with break P: it has an endless chain of buckets Qcovered
in and which revolves round spindles Q and Q³ the whole being supported by the
latter which is carried by the cantilevers or brackets projecting from the top of the
cart: the longitudinal brush R is slung from the same spindle being regulated
vertically by adjusting screws, and laterally by the projecting horn of the cart R2: 5
the buckets Q are worked by iron or steel wire rope chain or bands connected to
the wheel of the cart, the length of this rope or band being regulated by the
flexable adjusting screw shown in Fig 6: the brush R is rotated by the spindle Q³
as shown, and as it works the lip R³ squeezes down its periphery or ends of the
hairs while the bucket with their lips of rubber leather or longitudinal hair brushes 1
presses against it and so fills the buckets: after delivering the material into the
hopper apron B' the bucket lips meet the apron lips and clears out any material
remaining the buckets Q and brush R are regulated together vertically by means
of the worms S working the cogged nuts T and screw bolts T2 supporting the
bearings of spindle Q3 and is manipulated by the handle S².
:
Fig 5 is an elevation of an auxiliary cart arranged for receiving the material
from the primary one at slide traps or sluices J and K into the trap at U and
tipping the same from the same trap at will of operator working the drum V when
at spoil tip.
Fig 7 shows a section of the method of making the sluices or traps water tight 2
when required, a, is a channel iron, 6 side of cart, c sluice door, d a bolt passing
through a rod on inner side covered with rubber or oileaginous material which may
be drawn tight or pushed back by turning the handle C.
The intended uses of this Cart are as follows viz:-
1st For picking up snow and melting it, then turning the warm water over the 2
roads or distributing it otherwise.
'
2nd For picking up mud dust slurry or rubbish.
3rd For watering the roadways.
The mode of operation will be as follows viz:-
"
As a Snow Cart, the whole being arranged as shown on the drawing No 1 the
buckets and brush are regulated to take the top snow first: the gas being lit
through openings for the purpose, and being moved forward the inner Cart A is
filled the melting water flowing through the perforated plates E valves L and
pipes L and over the roads as and when required.:
As a Mud Cart the gas bag and frame G are taken off and the inner Cart A
with the top taken out; the top being returned: the height of the buckets and
brush being adjusted the Cart is filled as before and instead of taking the primary
Cart B to the spoil tip the auxiliaries are intended to take first the more liquid
portions from the sluice K and the more solid from J (the horses being detached
from the primary for the latter) while when required for cleaning or special tipping
it may be tipped by means of the door, HL when the cart is lowered to the position
shown by dotted lines.
As a Watering Cart the outer, body B with the valves L and pipes L³ (dotted)
are alone used, the openings being screwed up for the purpose.
See Drawing No 2 which shows the system as applicable to steam traction.
Fig 1 shows a plan: Fig 2 a sectional elevation Fig 3 a transverse section:
Fig 4 an, end elevation A A represents the Cart formed in the three different
parts but connected together and carried on one frame B which also carries the
chain of buckets C, hopper D and supply pipe E (all covered as shown) as well as
the light portable engine to give it motion.
Each of the three portions of A forming the Cart are duplicates one of the other
and when in place are attached to one another and the frame B, each carry a
longitudinal bearing loop F, spindle G passing through and placed a little on the
inner side of its centre of gravity, they also have trap or sluice H through which
to receive and discharge the material from the buckets: they are also fitted with
rollers, hooks &c as shown.

page_text: The buckets C together with the hopper D and supply pipe E are supported by
tlic frame K the former receive their motion from the engine driver through
spindle. J by means of rope or strap adjustable by the flexable coupling "screw-
shown at Fig 6 of Drawing No 1 and composed of two screws a. a which draw
together and shortens the strap b or relaxes the same when required the a running
on either side of the pulley when not required to be slipped out of gear and fixed
in the centre of the strap as shown at Fig 64 when required to be placed out of
gear, the former being wanted for working the drum Ñ and worms O, the latter
for the buckets C in the event of using a second pulley at J³.
The longitudinal brush L is carried by the bearings as shown and is adjusted by
the screws L and L³ and rises with the buckets when required, the bolt and
bracket Ls being attached to the frame of the bucket covering.
M. represents cog, pinion and drum forming a winch worked by: handles Ms
for the purpose of raising and lowering the three parts of the Cart A when
required the spindle worked by M2 also carries a small drum N (the position of
which is fixed by jaws carried by frame B) and also the end of the line or chain N'
which throws the drum J' from 'spindle J to fixed spindle Js and with it the rope
or belt which gives motion to the buckets C allowance. being made for the travel
of the rope upon the driver: N and N2 are worked only when thrown into gear
by thrusting over the handle M², the same motion throwing winch M out of gear:
to bring drum J into place again the handle Z has to be drawn 'down when the
slide bar N³ will be reversed in its motion. The rotation of drum N by the
intervention of the rope or band gives motion to the worms O that work the
cogged nuts P, that raises the spindle J carrying the buckets &c by means of
the screw bolt P2 as described for system No 1.
The brush L'is worked by engine driver as shown. The frame B has attached
tlie brake Qworked by handle Q
The guiding is operated by means of handle R that gives motion to quadrant Rª
and through rope and straps work the front wheel axle.
The supply pipe E is raised and lowered by means of rope or chain passing over
drum E³ that is carried by a bracing arch connected to upper part of the bucket
supports K, the supply E is provided with valves to direct material into either or
all parts of the Cart at once as shown. S and S2 are water valves and pipes
respectively attached to the three parts of the Cart A when required the apertures
being made good when not required.
A light "jack" is carried upon the "jack runners" T for lifting either of the
three parts of the Cart A for removal.
Steam pipes are to be laid on from the boiler of the engine to clean out the
different parts of the interior of the Cart A when required and also for the purpose
of melting snow after being lifted into them, such pipes (where exposed to external
atmosphere) being protected by non conducting material.
Figs 5 and 6 show auxiliary Carts formed of the frame shafts and crank'd axle
with one of the three portions of the Cart A that has been removed from the
frame B on its way to the slurry tip by horse traction..
Both for horse and steam traction the bearings and other parts liable to cause
noise in working are to be covered with hard wood, leather or rubber: the whole
or parts are to be formed of iron or steel and as light as practicable.
:
The intended uses of this Cart are the same as that described and shown by
drawing No 1 with the addition of its adaptation to the uses of a steam roller.
The mode of operation will be as follows viz:-
:-
For picking up and melting snow, the whole is to be arranged as shown upon
the drawing No 2: the buckets C and brush L being regulated to take the top
snow only, motion is given by means of the engine the snow raised by the buckets
into either or all parts of the Cart, and as required steam is turned on and melts,
the snow which may be retained in the Cart or sent over the road by means of.
valves and pipes S and S.

page_text: For picking up. mud dust &c. the front part of the three portions of the Cart A
may be charged with water, which may be sent over the road by means of S and S²:
the buckets being. set to work and the mud or dust &c raised into the remaining
parts of the Cart A (should this be found desirable for cleansing the roads or the
mud may be directed into all three portions of the Cart A, and when charged the
auxiliary is to be backed to either of the three parts of A until the bar F of. Figs 5
and 6 take into the bearing loops F of the other Figs, it being directed into place
by horns and held there by the hooks F2 Figs 5 and 6 (if required supports are
then dropped to uphold F of. Figs 5 and 6): the jack upon runners T Fig.
raises the inner portion of A (the rope or chain of winch M having previously been
attached to top of A) and is gradually lowered until its spindle G takes upon its
bearings of the auxiliary, and the auxiliary ropes or chains attached see Fig 6 and
then dispatched to the slurry tip head while the other portions of A are being
filled, should it be so arranged that they are not already, or the portion of A charged
with water may continue to lay the dust.
then
When the auxiliary reaches the tip, being backed round A Fig 6 is turned
completely, over by means of drum rope and handle V until the sluice hatch is
behind the handle W for operating the same uppermost and easily worked: upon
the return of the auxiliary it is backed into position and the reverse of the above
operation carried out to refix it (A) upon the frame B.
For watering the roadways: the buckets, hopper and supply pipe, their support
and brush, C, D, E; K and L respectively may be lifted out of place, a fourth
portion of A fixed in their place is required and the whole of A with their valves
and pipes S and S² being used for watering the roads, and if desired the surplus
auxiliaries may be adapted for watering purposes as well by horse traction.
For use as a Steam roller: when equiped either as described in the last or
previous cases, the portions of A being partly or wholly filled with water to add
weight (as desired) and the operation of watering as required when forming
macadam roads would require the valves and pipes S and S2 being fixed and would
then be ready for use. The wheels are provided additionally wide and not behind
one another for the purpose of covering a considerable area of the roadway.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First The form and arrangement as applicable to horse traction and as shown
upon the drawing No 1 of a snow melting chamber inside a Cart body and being
enabled to remove the same and use the outer Cart as a pick up for mud, or as a
watering Cart and substantially described.
Second Also for fixing a chain of buckets and longitudinal rotatory brush
worked by the wheel of the cart and arranged with lips upon each to squeeze out
and take up and have shaken out the material raised and regulating each with
respect of the ground or one another to distances required, and being able to tip
the material into the inner or outer bodies of the Cart as required: and having
rubber leather or brush, lips attached to the buckets for the above purpose and
substantially described.
Third Also for being enabled to lower the front part of the Cart to any angle
for the purpose of tipping its contents, with the method adopted: and for the
arrangement of disposing of the contents of the Cart by means of the auxiliaries
while the Cart continues its work.
Fourth-Also for the flexable adjusting screws to regulate the lengths of the
ropes or straps which give motion to the various parts as described: and also for
the method of making the sluices water tight.
Fifth For the form and arrangement as applicable to steam traction and as
shown upon the drawing No 2.
a of a Cart made up of different distinct parts (three as shown above) and

page_text: bits adaptation for the disposal of different material and the practicability of
washing the road with water before raising the material when going in one direction,
or of doing so after the material has been raised when going in the other direction
as substantially described.
c: the adaptation of the parts of the Cart to act as auxiliaries in the disposal
of the material when raised as described.
d the adaptation of the Cart for a Steam Roller and being enabled to water
the stones and roadway before passing over them and it when so acting as
substantially described.