A NEW AND IMPROVED METHOD OF RAPIDLY PRODUCING VACUUM AND THE APPLICATION OF THE SAME TO THE CREATION OF MOTIVE POWER AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1885

page_text: EDWIN CREED of N° 52 Holywell Street Strand in the County of Middlesex
Bookbinder, does hereby declare the nature of his invention for A NEW AND
IMPROVED METHOD OF RAPIDLY PRODUCING VACUUM AND THE APPLICATION OF
THE SAME TO THE CREATION OF MOTIVE POWER AND OTHER PURPOSES to be as
follows:-
The invention consists in the utilization of the fact that the atmosphere can
only sustain a column of fluid of a certain height depending in the gravity of the
fluid by means of the contrivance hereinafter described.
To produce Vacuum Take a Cylinder closed at one end and open at the other
end This cylinder shall be fixed in a perpendicular position with the open end
downwards. This Cylinder is hereinafter referred to as Cylinder N° 1.-Take a
second Cylinder likewise closed at one end and open at the other sufficiently
larger than Cylinder N° 1 to enclose it easily and allow a clear space all round
between the two Cylinders. This is hereinafter referred to as Cylinder N° 2
Cylinder N° 2 is inverted the closed end downwards, and is not fixed but is
balanced or slung by any mechanical means to enable it to be lowered and raised
at will and it encloses the whole of Cylinder N° 1-Fluid is introduced into
Cylinder N° 2 and it is filled therewith to a point as high as the upper and closed
end of Cylinder N° 1. so that the whole of Cylinder No 1. shall be filled with the
fluid-To enable the fluid to rise in and fill Cylinder N° 1. there will be valves in
the closed end thereof to allow the escape of air-The length of these Cylinders
must depend on the nature of the fluid used-In the case of mercury which will be
the most convenient fluid for the purpose the Cylinder N° 1 must be more than
30 inches in length-That being approximately the height of a column of mercury
which the atmosphere can sustain-In the case of water the Cylinders must be
upwards of 34 feet in length, that being approximately the height of a column
of water which the atmosphere can sustain; and so forth according to the gravity
of the fluid used-The description of the invention hereinafter contained is based
on the assumption that mercury is the fluid used but the invention is claimed in
respect of all fluids.

page_text: The fluid having been introduced to the height above mentioned Cylinder N° 2
is lowered The column of Mercury inside Cylinder N° 1 by this process then
drops according to the extent to which Cylinder N° 2 is lowered leaving a vacuum
in the upper part of Cylinder N° 1 to the extent of the fall of mercury-The
vacuum thus formed may be used as an air exhauster by connecting vessels
required to be exhausted to the upper end of Cylinder N° 1 (in which the vacuum
is) by a tube with valve or stop cock.
To create motive force by means of the vacuum so formed instead of Cylinder N° 1
being closed at the upper end there shall be a piston with a rod attached to it
fitted in the upper end When the cylinder N° 2 is lowered as above mentioned
the height of the atmosphere causes the piston to fall through the vacuum in
Cylinder N° 2-By means of a valve or stop cock in the piston, air is then
introduced into the vacuum beneath the piston and the latter returns again to its
former position-At the same time Cylinder N° 2 is raised again and the fluid
returns to its original height in the Cylinder.-This process is repeated and motive
force is created. To enable the fluid to rise again in Cylinder N° 1 there must be
a válve or valves for the outlet of air as well as the valve or valves for the inlet
of air above mentioned-It is not essential to this invention that the said cylinders
should be of the same width throughout-It may sometimes be found more con-
venient in practice that the lower part of the Cylinders should be tubes of smaller
diameter.

page_text: EDWIN CREED of N° 52 Holywell Street Strand in the County of Middlesex
do hereby declare the nature of his invention for A NEW AND IMPROVED METHOD
OF RAPIDLY PRODUCING VACUUM AND THE APPLICATION OF THE SAME TO THE
CREATION OF MOTIVE POWER AND OTHER PURPOSES, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The invention consists in the utilization of the fact that the atmosphere can
only sustain a column of fluid of a certain height depending in the gravity of the
fluid used by means of the contrivance hereinafter described.
To produce Vacuum-Take a Cylinder closed at one end and open at the other
end This Cylinder shall be fixed in a perpendicular position with the open end
downwards This Cylinder is hereinafter referred to as Cylinder N° 1.-Take a
second Cylinder likewise closed at one end, and open at the other sufficiently
larger than Cylinder N° 1. to enclose it easily and allow a clear space all round
between the two Cylinders.-This is hereinafter referred to as Cylinder N° 2
Cylinder N° 2 is inverted-the closed end downwards-and is not fixed but is
balanced or slung by any mechanical means to enable it to be lowered and raised
at will and it encloses the whole of Cylinder N° 1.-Fluid is introduced into
Cylinder N° 2 and it is filled therewith to a point as high as the upper and closed
end of Cylinder N° 1. so that the whole of Cylinder N° 1 shall be filled with the
fluid To enable the fluid to rise in and fill Cylinder N° 1. there will be valves in
the closed end thereof to allow the escape of air. The length of these Cylinders
must depend on the nature of the fluid used. In the case of Mercury which will
be the most convenient fluid for the purpose the Cylinder N° 1. must be more than
30 inches in length, that being approximately the height of a column of mercury
which the atmosphere can sustain-In the case of water the Cylinders must be
upwards of 34 feet in length that being approximately the height of a column
of water which the atmosphere can sustain and so forth according to the gravity
of the fluid used.-The description of the Invention hereinafter contained is based
on the assumption that mercury is the fluid used but the invention is claimed in
respect of all fluids.
The fluid having been introduced to the height above mentioned Cylinder N° 2
is lowered The column of mercury inside Cylinder N° 1. by this process then
drops according to the extent to which Cylinder N° 2 is lowered leaving a vacuum
in the upper part of Cylinder N° 1. to the extent of the fall of mercury. The
vacuum thus formed may be used as an air exhauster by connecting vessels
required to be exhausted to the upper end of Cylinder N° 1. (in which the vacuum
is) by a tube with a valve or stop cock,
To create motive force by means of the vacuum so formed instead of Cylinder N° 1
being closed at the upper end there shall be a piston with a rod attached to it

page_text: fitted in the upper end. When the Cylinder N° 2 is lowered as above mentioned
the pressure of the atmosphere causes the piston to fall through the vacuum in
Cylinder No 1. By means of a valve or stop cock in the piston, air is then
introduced into the vacuum beneath the piston and the latter returns again to its
former position-At the same time Cylinder N° 2 is raised again and the fluid
returns to its original height in the Cylinder-This process is repeated and motive
force is created To enable the fluid to rise again in Cylinder N° 1 there must be
a valve or valves for the outlet of air as well as the valve or valves for the inlet
of air above mentioned - It is not essential to this invention that the said Cylinders
should be of the same width throughout, it may sometimes be found more con-
venient in practice that the lower part of the Cylinder should be tubes of smaller
diameter.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The novel method of rapidly and easily obtaining a vacuum for the purpose of
exhaustion or thereby motive power by an arrangement of apparatus substantially
as described.