IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLERS FOR WASHING, PRINTING, SPINNING, CARDING & OTHER LIKE MACHINES & IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BELTS FOR MACHINES & OTHER PURPOSES SUCH AS COVERS OR CLOTHS FOR TABLES, CHAIRS, SEATS, IN IMITATION OF LEATHER
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Lewthwaite of 5 Carlton Placo Halifax in the
county of York Gentleman for an invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLERS
FOR WASHING, PRINTING, SPINNING, CARDING & OTHER LIKE MACHINES & IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF BELTS FOR MACHINES & OTHER PURPOSES SUCH AS
COVERS OR CLOTHS FOR TABLES, CHAIRS, SEATS, IN IMITATION OF LEATHER.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Lewthwaite at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th March 1882.
JOHN LEWTHWAITE of 5 Carlton Place Halifax in the county of York
Gentleman IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLERS FOR WASHING PRINTING SPINNING
'CARDING & OTHER LIKE MACHINES & IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BELTS FOR
MACHINES & OTHER PURPOSES SUCH AS COVERS OR CLOTHS FOR TABLES, CHAIRS,
SEATS IN IMITATION OF LEATHER.
This Invention relates to improvements in the treatment and use of the material
known as "
parksine" "Xylonite" or "Ivoride" and its application to various
useful purposes as above and in the process of making or manufacture of belts,
bands or straps to be used in covering such rollers and in driving heavy and other
machinery and for other uses such as hereafter mentioned, which coverings for
rollers will be superior to any hitherto made as regards elasticity, variety freedom
from injury by reason of atmospheric and other changes, extreme smoothness of
surface from being resistant of oil water and acids and also of great strength
durability and economy.
According to this my said invention which is based upon my previous Patent
No 741 dated 4 March 1868 from a roller I take one or more textile or other
fabric or fabrics either as single fabrics or joined together by means of india rubber,
linseed oil, parksine or other adhesive substance or cement, selecting such kind or
kinds thickness or thicknesses as shall be deemed most suitable for the purpose or
purposes intended and I coat the surface of the same with a thin coating of
"parksine" Xylonite or ivoride paste or analagous compound by passing it under

page_text: a straight edge or spreading knife after the manner described in my former patent
above referred to and which when so coated I carry by suitable mechanism over a
hot frame heated by gas or other agency for the purpose of setting or drying the
same and which when so set or dry I return to the original roller when I repeat
the process of coating and drying as often as I require to attain the necessary
thickness, smoothness etc
The cloth or fabric so treated may be of any reasonable width or length and
afterwards cut into fillets or sheets to be set with iron, steel brass or other teeth to
be used as cards for carding engines etc or into narrow or other bands or belts for
covering the peripheries of wheels or rollers for spinning or drawing wool, silk,
cotton etc for washing, wringing and mangling machines and also for belts for
all kinds of machinery to be used in lieu of leather and other materials now
employed.
When very great tensile strength is required as for belts for driving purposes etc
such for instance as are used in transmitting power from engines to mills, factories,
brick making machines etc I employ wire gauze or webbing conjointly with textile
or other fabrics.
To effect this I employ one roll of wire gauze or webbing and two rolls of linen,
woollen cotton, or mixed, or other fabric or fabrics which I so place in a suitable
framework or machine that the roll of wire gauze or webbing and the two rolls of
fabric can, by a taking up roller, be pulled drawn or conveyed over an even roller
or table and beneath a spreading knife or straight edge in such position or positions
with regard to each other that an interposed body of "Parksine " Xylonite" or
other analagous pasto or cement is drawn gradually and evenly along with and
between them so that when tightly wound by the drawing process upon the taking
up roller and left for a few hours or a day or two to set and become dry and firm
the three rolls will have become united into one roll with the wire gauze
permanently pasted or cemented between tlie fabrics.
To this may be added another or other thickness of fabric or wire gauze or both
in a like manner by repeating the process.
The finished roll may be employed in its entirety as a driving belt or cut into
desired widths or strips for the like or other purposes.
In the process or manufacture of covers for Library, Billiard, Card, and other
tables Chairs etc I unite two pieces or lengths of green, crimson or other coloured
cloth or material of the same kind or of different kinds, colours qualities or
textures by drawing them as before described with a winding or taking up roller
over another fixed and even roller or table and under a spreading knife or straight
edge with an interposed body of "parksine" Xylonite or other paste or cement,
between them the quantity of paste allowed to pass being regulated by suitable
appliances attached to the straight edge or spreading knife; so that when wound
firmly upon the taking up roller and there left to set or dry for a few hours or a
day or two the united fabrics or materials may be taken off and used as above
being admirably adapted to keep out dust, damp etc and of much greater strength
and durability than the material now used.
When the fabrics to be united are of thin textures I introduce what I call an
evaporating cloth between the turns on the taking up roller which not only
facilitates the setting or drying process but prevents the paste from injuring on
going through one or other of the materials united.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said John Lewthwaite in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd September
¯1882.
÷
:
JOHN LEWTHWAITE of 5 Carlton Place Halifax in the county of York
Gentleman IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLERS FOR WASHING, PRINTING, SPINNING,
CARDING, AND OTHER LIKE MACHINES. AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BELTS FOR
MACHINES AND OTHER PURPOSES SUCH AS COVERS OR CLOTHS FOR TABLES,
CHAIRS, SEATS IN IMITATION OF LEATHER.
"
This Invention relates to Improvements in the treatment and use of the material
known as Parksine," "Xylonite" or " Ivoride and its application to various
useful purposes, as above and in the process of making or manufacture of belts
bands or straps to be used in covering such rollers and in driving heavy or other
machinery and for other uses, which coverings for rollers etc. will be superior to
any hitherto made as regards elasticity, variety, freedom from injury by reason of
atmospheric and other changes, extreme smoothness of surface, being resistant of oil
water and acids, and of great strength durability and economy,
According to my said Invention, from a roller I take one or more textile or other
fabrics either as single fabrics or joined together by means of india rubber, linseed
oil, Parksine or other adhesive substance or cement, selecting such kind or kinds,
thickness or thicknesses of the same as shall be deemed most suitable for the
purpose or purposes intended, and I coat the surface of the same with a thin
coating of "Parksine" " Xylonite" or "Ivoride" paste or analogous compound by
passing it under a straight edge or spreading knife after the manner described in
my former Patent dated the Fourth day of March in the year 1868 and numbered
741; and which when so coated I carry by suitable mechanism over a hot flame
heated by gas or other agency for the purpose of setting or drying the same, and
which when so set or dry I return to the original roller when I repeat the process
of coating and drying as often as required to attain the desired strength body,
thickness, or smoothness.
The cloth or fabric so treated may be of any reasonable width or length and
afterwards if required cut into fillets or sheets to be set with iron, steel, brass or
other teeth to be used as cards for carding engines, or into narrow or other bands
or belts for covering the peripheries of wheels or rollers for spinning or drawing
wool, silk cotton etc for washing wringing and mangling machines and also for
belts for all kinds of machinery to be used in lieu of leather and other materials
now employed.
:
When very great tensile strength is required. as in belts for driving purposes
such for instance as is needed in transmitting engine power to mills factories brick
machines etc; I employ wire gauze or webbing conjointly with textile or other
fabrics. To effect this I provide one roll of wire gauze or webbing and two rolls
of linen woollen cotton or a mixed or other fabric or fabrics which I so place in a
suitable frame-work or machine that the wire gauze and the two rolls of fabric can
by a taking up roller, be pulled drawn or conveyed over an even roller or table
and beneath a spreading knife or straightedge in such position or positions with
regard to each other that an interposed body of Parksine, Xylonite or other like
paste or cement is drawn gradually and evenly along with and between them so
that when tightly wound upon the taking up roller and left for a few hours or a
day or two to set and become firm or dry the three rolls will become united in one'
roll with the wire gauze permanently pasted or cemented between the fabrics.
•
To this may be added another thickness or other thicknesses of fabric or wire
gauze or both in like manner repeating the process.

page_text: The finished roll may be then employed in its entirety as a driving belt or cut
into desired widths or strips for the same or other purposes.
In the process or manufacture of covers for library, billiard, card or other tables,
chairs etc I unite two pieces or lengths of green crimson or other coloured cloths
or material of the same kind or of different kinds, colours, qualities or textures by.
drawing them as before described with a winding or taking up roller over another
or fixed even roller or table and under a spreading knife or straight edge with an
interposed body or Parksine, Xylonite or other paste or cement between them, the
quantity of paste or cement allowed to pass being regulated by suitable appliances
attached to the spreading knife or straight edge so that when wound firmly upon
the taking up roller and there left to set or dry for a few hours or a day or two
the united fabrics or material may be taken off and used as above being admirably
adapted to keep out dust and damp and of much greater strength durability and
utility than any yet produced.
When the fabrics to be treated are of thin textures I introduce what I call
evaporating cloth between the turns on the taking up roller which facilitates the
setting or drying process and prevents the paste from injuring or coming through
the fabrics so united.
In covering rollers for wringing mangling or squeezing processes I do not confine
myself to the foregoing methods but I sometimes employ an apparatus having a
number of thread or yarn bobbins upon it in connection with a tin or vessel con-
taining Parksine, Xylonite, or other analogous paste into which the threads or
yarns from each bobbin enter at one side or end by separate holes or apertures and
are passed through the paste going out at the opposite side or end by a single hole
or opening, which united threads so coated are at once attached in any convenient
'way to the roller to be coated which in its turn being made to revolve in a separate
frame draws the united threads continuously through the paste at the same time
winding it over and about itself by any of the well known methods employed to
make the winding of the coating even, firm and smooth. In addition it may be
added that I cause the framework carrying the bobbins and the paste to revolve
together during the winding on process in order to give the necessary twist to the
united threads which is an important feature in this part of the Invention.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed I would have it understood that I do not confine myself
to any precise details herein referred to, but what I claim is:
First: The employment of Parskine Xylonite or other analogous paste or
compound for the purposes and in the manner herein substantially explained.
Secondly: The application of the goods so manufactured or made by the said
processes to the purposes and for the uses hereinbefore expressed and described.
In witness whereof I the said John Lewthwaite have hereunto set my hand
and seal this Twentieth day of September in the year of our Lord, Oue
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
TATTY
THOTTEST & YOU
2-