IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN HOT PRESSING, AND IN THE MEANS OF MANUFACTURING PARTS OF APPARATUS USED FOR BUCH - PURPOSE
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Collier, of Halifax, in the County of York,
and James William Crossley, of Brighouse, in the same County, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN HOT PRESSING, AND
IN THE MEANS OF MANUFACTURING PARTS OF APPARATUS USED FOR BUCH
- PURPOSE."
Sealed the 22nd May 1857, and dated the 1st December 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Collier and James
William Crossley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 1st December 1856.
We, GEORGE COLLIER, of Halifax, in the County of York, and JAMES
WILLIAM CROSSLEY, of Brighouse, in the same County, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN HOT
PRESSING, AND IN THE MEANS OF MANUFACTURING PARTS OF APPARATUS USED
FOR SUCH PURPOSE," to be as follows:-
The improvements relate to when using press plates heated by steam or
other heating media to be conducted through them, and consist in forming
such plates partly of cast and partly of wrought metal, by casting the channels
or passages in the cast part of each plate, and rivetting or otherwise securing
thereon the plate of wrought metal, thereby covering the passages.
Also, the improvements consist in forming such press plates by enclosing the
pipes (for the passage of the steam or other heating media used to heat thom,

page_text: or of the cold water or other cooling media for cooling them,) between
plates of metal, and filling up the spaces between the coils of piping by iron
cement, or other suitable matters, to prevent their collapsing under pressure.
Also, the improvements relate to forming the pipes or tubes for conducting
the heating or the cooling media to and from press plates of metal with joints,
so that the same may admit of the required movements of such plates by tho
adaptation of union joints, made tight by the use of india-rubber or other
suitable elastic material as packing, aided by metal washers, to protect the
packing thus used from injury by the friction produced in the movements
of the parts. These washers we (by preference) make roughened on the
surface next the packing, and smooth on the other surface, to prevent friction
on such packing, and obtain ease of motion on the opposite surface.
Also, the improvements relate to means of obtaining self-acting supports to
the plates in the press when pressure is removed therefrom. For this purpose
we connect the rods or other supports upon which the plates at such times rest
to chains or bands, capable of folding up to admit of the plates coming together
as pressure is applied to them, and then sustain the plates at the required
distance apart when the pressure is removed. And when plates of cast metal
enclosing tubes therein for the passage of the heating and cooling media are
used, as described in the Specification of a Patent granted to us, and dated
the 17th day of November 1855, our improvements consist in forming the
sand moulds for each of such plates by using a metal pattern supported
from the joints of the mould box, the parts where the supports of such
patterns have laid in the sand when the patterns are removed being
filled up (except for the pouring in of the fluid metal and the escape of the
air) by sand; also in supporting in such moulds the tubes to be enclosed in
the casting by metal pins or studs, aided by the screwing together of the parts
of the mould box
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Collier and James William Crossley in the Great s
Seal Patent Office on the 30th May 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
COLLIER, of Halifax, in the County of York, and JAMES WILLIAM CROSSLEY, of
Brighouse, in the same County, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of December, in the year of our Lord

page_text: One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said George Collier and James William Crossley, Her special licenco that
we, the said George Collier and James William Crossley, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said George Collier and
James William Crossley, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN HOT PRESSING, AND IN THE MEANS OF MANUFACTURING
PARTS OF APPARATUS USED FOR SUCH PURPOSE," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said George Collier and James William Crossley, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their
hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said George Collier and James William
Crossley, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
The improvements relate to when using press plates heated by steam or
other beating media to be conducted through them, and consist, firstly, in
forming such plates partly of cast and partly of wrought metal, by casting the
channels or passages in the cast part of each plate, and rivetting or otherwise
securing thereon the plate of wrought metal, thereby covering the passages.
The improvements consist, secondly, in forming such press plates by
enclosing the pipes (for the passage of the steam or other heating media used
to heat them, or of the cold water or other cooling media for cooling them,)
between plates of metal, and filling up the spaces between the coils of piping
by iron cement or other suitable matters to prevent their collapsing under
pressure.
.
Thirdly, the improvements relate to forming the pipes or tubes for con-
ducting the heating or the cooling media to and from press plates of metal
with joints, so that the same may admit of the required movements of
such plates by the adaptation of union joints, made tight by the use of india-
rubber or other suitable elastic material as packing, aided by metal washers, to

page_text: protect the packing thus used from injury by the friction produced in the
movements of the parts. These washers we (by preference) make roughened
on the surface next the packing, and smooth on the other surface, to prevent
friction on such packing, and obtain ease of motion on the opposite surface.
Fourthly, the improvements relate to means of obtaining self-acting supports
to the plates in the press when pressure is removed therefrom. For this
purpose we connect the rods or other supports upon which the plates at such
times rest to chains or bands, capable of folding up to admit of the plates
coming together as pressure is applied to them, and then sustain the plates at
the required distance apart when the pressure is removed.
And when plates of cast metal enclosing tubes therein for the passage of the
heating and cooling media are used, as described in the Specification of a
Patent granted to us, and dated the 17th day of November 1855, our improve-
ments consist, fifthly, in forming the sand moulds for each of such plates
by using a metal pattern supported from the joints of the mould box, the
parts where the supports of such patterns have laid in the sand when the
patterns are removed being filled up (except for the pouring in of the fluid
metal and the escape of the air) by sand.
:
Also, our improvements consist, sixthly, in supporting in such moulds the
tubes to be enclosed in the casting by metal pins or studs, aided by the
screwing together of the parts of the mould box.
But that the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner we carry
the same into effect, may be fully understood, we will proceed to describe the
Drawings annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section, Figure 2 a transverse section, and
Figure 3 a plan, of a plate constructed according to the first part of the
improvements; by which it will be seen that the channels or grooves to form
the passages for the steam or other heating media employed are obtained on
the one side, and in the cast part a of the plate (shewn separately by the
transverse section, Figure 4), and that afterwards those channels are enclosed
by the placing thereon of the plate of wrought metal b; and we secure the
two plates together by screws, rivets, or other suitable means, and we keep
the parts steam-tight by the application all round towards the edge of the
plate b, and at other parts, if desired, of red lead, or other suitable cement.
We have not thought it necessary to shew by Drawings the second part of
our improvements. The plates of metal enclosing the coils of piping may be
either cast or wrought, and a suitable length of pipe, coiled as desired, having

page_text: been placed in position, iron, cement, or other suitable matter is placed in the
spaces between the coils, and so as to fill them up, in such manner, that when
the two plates forming the surfaces of each press plate are together enclosing
the pipes, the plates will be sustained at an, uniform distance apart to prevent
their collapsing under pressure. In some cases we also apply metal filling
pieces at intervals between the two plates, and which, when the plates are
cast, may be formed on one of them, or partly on one and partly on the other
of each of the two plates, forming a press plate. The edges may be enclosed
by rims or otherwise, as desired.
Figures 5 and 6 shew two opposite end views of a press with improvements
applied, according to the third part of the Invention; Figure 7 shows a plate
separately with its connections. a is the bed plate of the press, and b the
top plate, which are held together, as is well understood, by the bars or rods
c, c; d, d, are press plates, supposed to be in operation, and which are each
supplied from a main pipe e by the jointed pipes f, f. There are also similar
jointed pipes ff, to conduct the steam or other media away from the plates d
to the pipe g. Each of the pipes f is formed in two (or it may be in more)
parts, connected together by union joints, one of which is shown full-size at
Figure 8, and a modification thereof at Figure 9. Similar joints are also
employed to connect one end of each pipe f to the plates d, and the other
end to pipes e or g. These joints are made tight by the application thereto of
india-rubber or other suitable elastic material (1), which is protected by washers
of metal (2), (2), and these washers (2), (2), are roughened on the surfaco
next, the india-rubber or other elastic material, so applied to assist 'adhesion
thereto and prevent friction by their slipping thereon, whilst the opposite
surfaces are made smooth to facilitate freedom of action.
The fourth part of the Invention is also shewn by Figures 5 and 6. h, h,
are chains, one end of each of which is attached to the uprights c, c, whilst
the lower ends are formed with rings to receive the handles d' of the plates d.
These chains h of succeeding plates d are of different lengths, and as the
pressure. is removed from the plates those plates become supported simply
by the chains h. When pressure is again applied, and the plates are thereby
raised, the chains fold and admit of the plates coming closer together.
place of chains other suitable bands may be employed.
In
Figures 10 and 11 shew two views of a metal pattern suitable for forming
the sand moulds, according to the fifth part of our improvements. This metal
pattern should be of a form corresponding with the form of the entire press
plate, used without requiring any intervening plate to separate the two parts

page_text: of the mould box during the moulding; and there are parts j¹ as extensions of
the handles j, which in forming the sand moulds (a plan and section of one
of which is shewn by Figures 12 and 18) are supported by the box, yet so as
to admit of the parts of the box coming close together during the moulding;
for which operation the sand is first filled and rammed in on one side, then a
little dry sand is applied at the joints and the other side filled and rammed in
in a like manner, and when the mould is completed and the pattern removed,
two of the parts j', as shewn by the dotted lines k in the plan view, Figure 12,
are filled up, leaving the others open for the escape of the air. We would
state, that although we have explained these supporting parts as formed by
extensions of the handles, they may be formed at other parts of the pattern.
The part forms the passage for the pouring in of the fluid metal. By the
use of patterns thus formed and applied, saving in expence of the patterns and
facility of operation are obtained.
Sixthly, our improvements relate to applying supporting pins or studs to
aid, with the screwing together of the parts of the mould box, in supporting
the piping when enclosing pipes by casting metal thereon. We also find an
advantage in filling the pipes to be enclosed within the cast plates with
water, hot or cold, (though we prefer hot,) previous to the pouring in of the
metal thereon.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention, and the best means
we are acquainted with for carrying the same into effect, we would have it
understood that we do not confine ourselves to the precise details as herein
shewn and described, so long as the peculiar character thereof be retained;
but what we claim is,-
First, the manufacture of press plates partly of cast metal, with the
channels for the heating media formed therein, and partly of wrought metal,
as described.
Secondly, we claim the forming of plates used in hot pressing by enclosing
the pipes for the passing of the heating or cooling media between plates and
filling the spaces between the coils of piping with iron, cement, or other
suitable matters, to prevent their collapsing under pressure.
Thirdly, we claim the employment of pipes or tubes with joints of the
character described to facilitate the passage of the steam or other media to or
from the heating plates, as explained.
Fourthly, we claim the application of supporting chains or bands to press
plates as explained.
Fifthly, we claim the mode of forming sand moulds for the casting of press

page_text: plates by the use of metal patterns, which, whilst supported between the parts
of the mould box, admit of those parts coming together during the moulding,
as described.
Sixthly, we claim the application of pins or studs to aid in supporting the
piping in the moulds for casting the metal thereon, as explained.
In witness whereof, we, the said George Collier and James William
Crossley, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-ninth
day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-seven.
Witness,
WILLIAM BROOKES,
Patent Agent.
GEORGE COLLIER.
(L.S.)
JAMES WILLIAM CROSSLEY. (L.S.)