IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND LETTERS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Mac Callum of Manchester in the County of
Lancaster for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND
LETTERS PATENT to John Mac Callum of Manchester in the County of
"
Lancaster for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND
APPARATUS FOR PACKING FRILLING, FRINGES, AND OTHER SIMILAR GOODS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Mac Callum at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th September 1883.
JOHN MAC CALLUM of Manchester in the County of Lancaster "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PACKING FRILLING, FRINGES, AND OTHER
SIMILAR GOODS
This invention relates to the packing for exhibition and sale, of India muslin
and other frillings, chenille and other fringes, and other similar goods, the object of
the said invention being to display the goods to the best advantage and to prevent
the same from being crushed in the packing.
The ordinary way is to coil the goods round on edge in a box, which although it
preserved the same from being crushed, did not enable the pattern of the work or
goods to be seen or else to lap. layers of the frilling or other such goods on a reel
made of two ends or wings of millboard or paste board united together by two or
three strips or bars of wood, then to cover these layers with paper and lap on more
layers in the same way, and this reel, so covered was then placed in a box.
The result was that the frillings where they passed over the bars of wood at the
edges of the reel, and where they overlapped each other became crushed and
deteriorated in appearance and hence their value was diminished.
I employ a reel of a different construction having two millboard' or pasteboard
ends or wings, but in place of the strips or bars of wood I fix between the wings a
box (open at the top) made of millboard or pasteboard. Inside this box I coil the
frilling on edge, the box being of such a depth that it will contain one two or more
layers thus coiled one above the other.
I then place a lid on the box and wrap a layer of paper round the whole, and
then proceed to lap round this (between the wings) another layer or series of laps of
the frilling. The inner layers or coils are thus entirely protected from crushing by
Pin G21

page_text: means of a box, and the outer layer being single and being lapped round the box
(which is much thicker than the bars of wood) do not become crushed at the
edges.
The same system of coiling the inner layers and lapping the outer one may
be practised by having two bars of wood about two inches apart or one flat or
bent piece at each end and in place of the sides of the box and having a plain
square of millboard or pasteboard in place of the bottom thereof, the principle
of packing being still the same, but a skeleton frame being substituted for the box
to coil the inner layers inside and to lap the outer layers around.
It is evident that in the case of fringes and other such goods coiling on their
edges would not be possible, in this case a length would be lapped on a card and
placed in the box or skeleton frame, the end being brought out and lapped round
the same as described for frilling. Or it might be plaited to and fro in the box or
frame and the end brought out and lapped round as before described.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Mac Callum in the Patent Office on the 26th March 1884.
JOHN MACCALLUM of Manchester in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PACKING FRILLING FRINGES AND OTHER
SIMILAR GOODS "
My said Invention relates to the packing for exhibition and sale of India muslin
and other frillings also chenille and other fringes and similar goods the object of
the said invention being to display the pattern of the goods to the best advantage
and at the same time to prevent the goods from being crushed in the packing.
Heretofore it has been the practice to coil frillings and such like goods of a
sufficiently stiff material to stand alone edgewise round on edge inside a box which
although it preserved the frilling from being crushed did not enable the pattern of
the work or goods to be conveniently inspected. Or it has been the practice to lap
or wind layers of the frilling or other such goods round the exterior of a reel
composed of two ends or wings of millboard or pasteboard united together by two
or three narrow strips or bars of wood, then to cover these layers or lappings with
paper and to lap on more layers in the same way and this reel so covered was then
placed in an ordinary box or case. The result was that the lappings of the frillings
where they passed over or round the narrow bars of wood at the edges of the
reel and where they overlapped each other became crushed and deteriorated in
appearance and hence their value was diminished.
Now my invention consists in combining both the aforesaid internal and external
modes of packing in one and the same reel for which purpose I employ a reel of
special construction containing within itself a closed internal chamber space or
cavity adapted for the reception of that portion of the goods which is not required
to be exposed to view, and which in the case of stiff frillings is by preference coiled
round edgewise inside the said chamber space or cavity. In my improved reel
I fix or form between the wings thereof a box or receptacle (open at the top)
composed, like the wings, of millboard pasteboard, thin wood, or other suitable
material the said box being either complete in itself or having two sides formed by
the wings as found most convenient in practice. Inside this box or receptacle
I coil the frilling on edge the box being of such a depth that it will contain one
two or more layers thus coiled standing one above the other.
I then place a lid or cover on the said receptacle or simply wrap a layer of paper
round the whole and then proceed to wind or lap round the outside of this box or
receptacle (between the wings) a separate length of the goods neatly disposed in the
form of a series of lappings (of the frilling for example) laid sideways so as the better
to display the pattern thereof. The depth or projection of the wings at the sides
and ends of the said box or receptacle should be sufficient to protect the external
lappings of the goods from being accidentally crushed or otherwise injured whilst
at the same time the coils of the said goods inside the reel are also effectually
protected from crushing and from dust by being enclosed in the box or receptacle
forming the body of such reel. This box or receptacle round the exterior of which
the outer lappings of the goods are wound edge to edge for display is much thicker
or deeper than the ordinary reels composed of narrow cross bars of wood and
therefore the goods wound thereon are less liable to be crushed or distorted at the
edges of the reel.
The same method of coiling a portion of the goods or frilling edgewise inside an
internal space or chamber within the reel and of lapping sideways the outer portion
of the goods round the body of the reel, may be practised by having two cross bars

page_text: of wood praferably rounded situate about two inches apart one above the other at
or near each end of the wings or a single flat or curved cross piece of wood of
sufficient width or depth may be used at or near each end of the wings in place of
the closed ends of the box or receptacle before referred to. A plain square
of millboard or pasteboard is used for forming the bottom of the space or cavity
and the principle of packing is still the same but a skeleton or open frame with
internal space is substituted for the closed box within which to coil the inner
portion of the goods and round the outside of which to lap the outer layers.
It is obvious that in the case of fringes and other limp goods not sufficiently
stiff to stand alone on edge the coiling on their edges would not be possible and
in this case a length of the goods would be lapped round a separate card placed
within the box receptacle chamber or cavity inside the reel or skeleton frame a
separate length of the goods being lapped round the outside of the reel as described
for frilling or it might be placed in layers to and fro inside the internal chamber or
cavity and a separate length lapped round the outside as before.
And in order that my said invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to
the several figures on the explanatory sheet of drawings hereunto annexed the
same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 of the drawings is a longitudinal vertical section taken along the
line 1-2 in figure 2, of my improved combined reel and internal packing receptacle
or chamber the external lapping being omitted. Figure 2 is a corresponding plan
of the same showing some of the external lappings and with a portion of the top
of the box case or receptacle broken away to show the goods packed inside.
Figure 3 is a partial end elevation and transverse section of my improved reel
taken along the line 3-4 in figure 2, the external lappings of the goods being
indicated on the side shown in elevation in this figure. Figure 4 is a longitudinal
vertical section of a modified arrangement of reel wherein the internal chamber
space or cavity adapted for the reception of a portion of the goods is formed by
the side wings connected by cross bars or slats of wood the whole forming an open
or skeleton reel in which the internal cavity or space for the reception of the inner
packed goods is wholly or partially enclosed by the outer lappings round the
skeleton reel as shown.
In all these figures I have shown only the mode of packing as applied to frillings
which are capable of being coiled round on edge inside the internal box or space
of the compound reel but in the case of fringes or limp goods not capable of being
packed or coiled edgewise they might be disposed of in the manner already
described.
a, figures 1, 2, and 3, is the box chamber or inner enclosed space of the reel
provided with a removeable lid or cover 6 within which box chamber or space the
major portion or length (by preference) of the frilling or goods is coiled edgewise
as shown.
cc are the side wings of the reel attached to or forming a part of the
said box case or chamber. Another portion or length of the frilling is lapped or
wound for show round the outside of the box or case and between the wings cas
shown so as to display the pattern thereof to the best advantage. The complete
reel with its inner coils and outer lappings may be kept inside an ordinary box or
case to protect the outside lappings from dust.
In the modified arrangement shown at figure 4 an open or skeleton frame
constitutes the improved reel which is composed simply of the side wings c c and
cross bars d d connecting the said wings the cross bars at each end of the wings
being fixed a few inches one above the other to give sufficient depth to the reel to
form the internal cavity or space a within which the frilling is ooiled edgewise.
A piece of millboard or pasteboard e placed on or fixed to the bottom cross bars
constitutes the base or surface for supporting the coils of frilling inside the said
internal cavity or space the rest of the reel being left open as shown more clearly
-at one end where the outer lappings are broken away in the drawing. Round the
outside of this open or skeleton reel and between the two wings c c there is

page_text: wound over the cross bars in neat lappings laid flatwise edge to edge as shown, a
separate length or portion of the goods so as to display the pattern thereof. If
preferred in lieu of having two separate cross bars at or near each end of the wings
as shown in figure 4 a single cross bar of extra width or depth and more or less
rounded to form a suitable surface over which to wind the frilling may be used at
or near each end of the reel.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original
and therefore claim as the invention secured to me by the hereinbefore in part
recited Letters Patent is:-
First. The mode or method of packing frilling, fringes, and other similar goods,
by combining coils or layers of such goods placed in an internal chamber receptacle
or cavity forming a part of, or contained inside, the reel with lappings of the said
goods wound round the outside of the same reel between the wings thereof
substantially in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore specified.
Second. A reel, for packing and displaying frilling fringes and other similar goods,
provided or formed with an internal receptacle, chamber, cavity, or space, adapted
for the reception and protection of a portion of the goods disposed therein in the
form of coils or otherwise whilst presenting a surface between the wings of the
reel for the reception of outside lappings of the same goods substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated by the drawings annexed.
In witness whereof I the said John MacCallum have hereunto set my hand and
seal this twenty fourth day of March in the year of our Lord one thousand eight
hundred and eighty four.