AN IMPROVEMENT IN KITCHEN RANGES AND STOVES, AND IN THE MODE OF SETTING THE SAME
Year: 1811

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
DEAKIN, of Saint John Street, in the Parish of Saint Sepulchre Without, in
the County of Middlesex, Stove Grate Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Gracious Majesty King George the Third, in and
by His Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing
date at Westminster, the First day of April, in the fifty-first year of His
said Majesty's reign, for Himself, His heirs and successors, did give and grant
unto me, the said Thomas Deakin, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
His said Majesty's especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said Thomas Deakin, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
and every of them, by myself and themselves, or by my and their deputy or
deputies, servants or agents, or such others as I, the said Thomas Deakin,
my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term of
years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within that part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
called England, the Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
my Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN KITCHEN RANGES AND STOVES, AND IN
THE MODE OF SETTING THE SAME;" in which said Letters Patent there is
contained a proviso for making void the same in case I should not particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of

page_text: the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being
thereunto had, will more fully appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Thomas Deakin, do hereby particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and
I have for that purpose made and prepared the several Drawings hereunto
annexed, in which Figure 1 shews a kitchen stove set complete; B is an
oven; C, a boiler, on the top of the latter is a circular opening k, over which
it is intended, as occasion may require, to cook meat, fish, &c., by steam, in
steam kettles made in the usual manner of steam kettles, the steam being
introduced at the bottom of such kettles, a grove being formed in the top or
hob to hold water, thereby rendering the same steam tight; D is a plate to heat
irons for ironing linen, and may be applied to other useful purposes. The
depth of the oven and boiler I carry so low as or somewhat lower than the
grate or fire-place, in order that the hobs or tops of the boiler and oven may
be on a level with and contiguous to the fire, without diminishing their proper
size. On the hobs and back plate thus constructed with the flues, as herein-
after described, things may stewed or cooked in several stew-pans, sauce-
pans, &c., at the same time. In order to cause the smoke and heated air to
descend from the grate or fire-place, in order to effect the before-named
purposes, I place a register in the chimney above the breast, as G, Figures 2,
8, and 5, thereby to depress or confine the draft of the same to the apertures
A, A, A, Figures 2 and 3. This register is moved by a key and regulator, seen
in Figure 8, and should be fixed above the mantle, as T, Figure 1. Upon
the plate in front of this regulator a scale denoting the different intensities of
draft is marked, and through this plate a point or knob projects, indicating
how to manage the draft, so as to be either brisk, moderate, or slow. When
the oven, boiler, and hot plates are to be heated, the key is turned until the
point or knob comes to the line marked in the index plate, directing to the
word brisk, in which case the register G, Figures 8 and 5, comes nearly down,
and thereby the flaps H, II, each of which work by a joint on the pipes F, F,
are pressed open; an iron bar n, Figure 5, being fixed on the register G, for
that purpose. The principal part of the smoke and hot air from the fire, by
this means passes through the apertures A, A, A, in different directions up the
pipes F, F, into the chimney. Should the heat in the oven, &c., be greater
than is wanted, the register key should be moved until the point in the index
plate comes to the line directing to the word moderate, in this case the
flaps H, H, are half shut, and the register G opens wider, thereby reducing
the draft; and lastly, if it be not wanted to use the oven, boiler, &c., the knob

page_text: point being moved until worked till it come to the word slow, will shut the
flaps H, H, and open the register G, so as to admit the whole of the smoke
from the fire by that passage into the chimney m, m. Figures 2 and 3 are
registers in the pipes turned by a thumb piece, by which the draft may be
cut off on either side at pleasure. e, e, e, Figure 1, shews the doors by which
the soot may be cleared out. r, r, r, Figures 1 and 3, shew the slides, by
drawing out of which the ashes that have fallen through the apertures A, A, A,
will be discharged into the ash-holes R, R., R. Figure 5 shews the top of
the register in the chimney with the flaps H, H, on the pipes, and the iron
bar n, that presses them open when the register G is let down; I, I, is the
fixed register plate. V, Figures 1 and 6, represents a frame that slides in the
grooves p, p, Figure 2, forming a flat surface on one side, or if wanted to set
a dripping pan upon it, the curve should be turned upwards. Figure 7
exhibits a forked bar or bars used to heighten the fire when a long joint is to
be roasted, serving also for a trivet, being made to turn upon or from the
fire. The regulator, Figure 8, is made in the same manner as the well-known
register box attached to a register stove, saving the addition of a rack moved
horizontally by one tooth in the pinion; the reading or directing knob is
screwed into such rack, and passes (when moved by the key) along a groove.
To facilitate the setting of the stove, the method of which essentially con-
tributes to their proper action, the fronts and hobs are made to unscrew and
remove. Figures 2 and 4 shew the fronts and hobs so removed. In the first
place the heated air and smoke that pass through the back apertures A is
conducted by an iron trunk E up to the hot plate, as seen at D, Figure 1,
from thence passing a curve formed of brickwork L, turning right and left,
which descending, strikes against the sides of the oven and boiler, passing
under the bottoms of each near the back, and then descends the flues O, O,
into and up the pipes F, F; the brickwork at the bottom of the flues being
formed obliquely, so that the soot may fall upon the slides r, r, Figure 1, which
are continued through to the back for that purpose. The smoke that enters
the apertures A, Figures 2 and 3, on the oven side first ascends over the top,
between the oven and hob, and then descends the side as K, Figure 4, which
side and top being divided by a partition of iron, seen N, N, Figure 4, the
smoke passes under the bottom and up the other side of the partition N,
discharging into the pipe F. t, Figure 2, shews a compartment separated
from the flues to receive the ashes that fall from the side apertures. The
smoke that passes through the apertures on the boiler side, seen Figure 2,
first descends under it's bottom, and then passes up it's side K into the pipe F.
The flues under the bottom of the oven and boiler respectively are divided

page_text: near the back, and also at the corners by slips of iron S, S, Figure 4, to
prevent the back and side flues intersecting, such division being carried as
high as the registers m, m, so that every part may have it's proper share of
heat. The boiler, with its flues, may be made and fixed the same as the oven,
or the oven the same as the boiler. The kitchen range is made and set every
way on the same principle as the stove, with longer bars of course, and with
the addition of a cheek or cheeks either to wind up or take out. But in order
to use the oven or boiler while the cheeks are in, and to give it or them their
full proportion of heat, the cheeks are perforated in the same manner as the
'sides of the stove, seen at A, Figure 3, and the apertures in each cheek are
made to range with those in the side where it is so placed; when the oven or
boiler respectively are wanted, the fire must be admitted sufficiently near to
produce the effect. The ranges as well as the stoves may be made either with
the boiler and without the oven, or vice versa. The ovens, boilers, and boiler
openings may be variously shaped, and the whole made of iron, as other stoves
and ranges usually are, or any other metal suitable to the purpose.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, the First
day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
THOMAS DEAKIN. (1.8.)
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same First day of October,
in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid Thomas Deakin came before our
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and every thing therein contained, in form above written. And also
the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute:
in that case made and provided.
Inrolled the same First day of October, in the year above written.