IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FURNACES AND IN BOILERS
Year: 1840

page_text: MOINDRON'S SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PHILIPPE
MARIE MOINDRON, of Bedford Place, Russell Square, in the County of
Middlesex, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Thirty-first day of January, in the third year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Philippe
Marie Moindron, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said Philippe Marie Moindron, my exors, adññors, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Philippe Marie Moindron, my exors, adññiors, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick upon Tweed, the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
FURNACES AND IN BOILERS," communicated to me by a certain foreigner residing
abroad; in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the' said
Philippe Marie Moindron, should cause a particular description of the nature
of the Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully
and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Philippe Marie Moindron, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully

page_text: (Drawings 1, 2, and 4); m, cock for the admission of the gas, and for regu-
lating its combustion as required (Drawings 2 and 4); n, a regulator for opening
and shutting the cock easily and gently (Drawings 2 and 4); o, a pipe for the
admission of atmospheric air (Drawings 1, 2, 3, and 4); p, flue supplying all
the sockets with air (Drawings 1, 4, and 5); r, a pipe placed between the
boiler and the concentrator; s, a chimney (Drawings 2 and 4); t, a hole contrived
to inspect the sockets when it is thought useful (Drawing 4); u, a pipe for the
trickling of the water caused by the combustion of the gas (Drawings 4 and 5);
v, the man-hole to visit the inside of the boiler (Drawings 2, 3, 4); x, a pipe
bringing the steam to the machine (Drawings 2, 3, and 4); y, a pipe for sup-
plying water to the boiler (Drawing 2 and 4); X, a safety valve; a', reflectors
and concentrators formed of double cases or envelopes; their inside surfaces
are of polished metal, and concentrical with the boiler; I usually employ
copper, but other material may be used between the two envelopes or cases;
the space is filled with substances which are non-conductors of caloric, such as
bricks, ashes, or other well-known substances, in short the worst conductors
are the best; and it is most important that the reflecting surfaces are kept per-
fectly polished, so as to loose the least possible quantity of heat, and such care
may easily be attended to, owing to the construction of the reflectors and con-
centrators, as shewn, and which move on wheels c placed on the rails b; b¹,
small round iron bars screwed at each end; they are made to hold tight, and
unite the reflectors and concentrators at the moment when the furnace is used.
When the reflectors and concentrators are united a lighted taper is admitted
in the air-opening o, at the same time the gas pipes is opened by gently turning
the regulator (for the opening of the cock m, n,). When the gas is ignited the
heat in the fire-place is given in as much quantity as it is required; the
reflectors and concentrators are in a short time to their maximum of heat, and
then the opening of the cock may then be regulated.
The atmospheric air for combustion comes in by the opening o; by this
means a large heating surface is obtained without any loss of heat. Having
thus described the Invention as applied to steam boilers, I will give other
examples of the use of the improvements, which will be particularly useful in
cooking as well as other apparatus.
COOKING APPARATUS BY THE APPLICATION OF CONCENTRATORS
AND REFLECTORS

page_text: from above the box; a, cast iron plate in which are made as many circular
holes as gas furnaces are required; B, cylindrical cast iron disk, on which are
placed three projecting circular rings 6, 61, 61; c, kettle or any other vessel
placed on the cast iron plate, used to contain the food to be boiled or baked;
d, concentrator and reflector, similar to the one described to the steam boiler;
E, gas burners formed of three concentrical perforated rings e, e¹, e¹¹, joined
together by small flat cross pieces of iron f, f', f", f, round spaces admitting
the air for combustion; p, chimney in rather close metallic canvass, it may
also be made of metal; 1, tube bringing the gas into the box m; r, cock for
supplying gas to the pipes h and k; k, gas pipe of the sockets e, e¹; h, gas pipe
of the socket e¹¹; 1, 11, 111, cocks bringing gas to other furnaces placed on
the same cast iron plate; n, cover protecting the cocks when they are regulated;
q, cast iron leg or copper, supporting the gas socket; h, gas pipe which com-
municates with the pipe h, and supplies the socket of the one-hole regu-
lator e; it is of the same diameter as each of the holes of the gas socket, and
is used to regulate at any time the intensity of heat in the fire-place; when
the socket is lighted the combined air comes under the kettle, goes afterwards
in the sinuosities of the teeth of the disk B, and escapes after having been all
round the kettle.
On the Drawing No. 7 an apparatus is represented with which meat and
fish of all sorts may be roasted.
Figure 1, elevation of the vessel used to contain the gravy; Figure 2, hori-
zontal view of the roasting apparatus or screen; Figure 3, vertical section of
the roasting apparatus or screen; Figure 4, elevation of the roasting apparatus
or screen; a, concentrator and reflector similar to those already mentioned;
b, cylinder bored inside with a great number of openings giving an issue to the
gas; c, vessel containing the gravy; d, pipe bringing the gas to the cylinder b
through the concentrator; e, hollow column, to which is attached the cock for
admitting the heat, and used to support the roasting apparatus or screen;
f, small iron bar crossing through the inside of the apparatus, on which is
attached the spit or the gridiron holding the dishes to be roasted. The working
of these two apparatuses is very plain, and proceeds from their easy construc-
tion. In the cooking of the dishes requiring a slow process the greater part
of the heat of the fire-place may be stopped when the concentrator is heated;
this is obtained by shutting the cock r¹, and only keeping in action the crown
of the center. By means of these two apparatuses cooking may be done with
facility, convenience, and economy. These apparatuses when formed on large
scales may advantageously be used in great establishments, such for instances
as hospitals and barracks.

page_text: Although I prefer the use of gas, the Invention may be carried on by lamps.
On the Drawing No. 7 this apparatus is represented. Figure 1, horizontal
plan, seen from above the cross iron bar f; Figure 6, vertical section of the
same; Figure 7, its elevation; a, concentrator similar to those already explained;
b, the kettle; c, handle to which the apparatus is attached; d, an ordinary
lamp, with a double current of air; the supplying of the oil is very regular,
moving easily on a bar; e, a cover for concentrating heat; f, a horizontal bar
joined to an articulating holder, which causes the stove to be always in a perpen-
dicular line at any time at sea.
This cooking stove is useful for sailors, as it requires but little room, is light,
and yields a great economy in fuel. No danger of fire is to be feared; it is
neat, requires very little care, and causes the meat to be more succulent. With
oil burners any sizes required may be executed by increasing the number of
sockets and their dimensions. Instead of oil spirits of wine can be used; the
the only cause of preference given to these three combustible liquids, gas, oil,
and spirit, arises from the facility that any of the above can be obtained.
THE COOKING STOVE APPARATUS FOR AN ARMY WHEN READY TO TAKE
.
THE FIELD.
On the Drawing No. 5, Figure 1 represents the vertical section of the
apparatus; Figure 2 its elevation; Figure 3 a horizontal view of the lamp;
a, a concentrator; b, the kettle; c, a cover for concentrating heat; d, an oil
lamp with a flat cotton wick; e, a moveable hole used to look through, in order
to regulate the flame; f, the handle to carry the apparatus. The apparatus is
light, convenient, and moveable even when lighted. a, tea fountain, heated by
means of an oil lamp. On the Drawing No. 5, Figure 4 represents a vertical
section of the apparatus; a, moveable concentrator and reflector, which is
removed from the top of the vessel containing water; b, part of the concen-
trator attached to the foliage supporthe basin; d, a vessel to put water in,
with a cock; e, cover for concentrating heat; c, branched foliage; it can be
screwed to a cylindrical ring which surrounds the middle part of the bulk of
the lamp instead of being fixed precisely to the lamp; so that as it is thought
proper, a lamp or tea fountain may be had.
In witness whereof, I, the said Philippe Marie Moindron, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of July, One thousand eight
hundred and forty.
PHILIPPE MARIE (L.B.) MOINDRON.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Thirtieth day of July, in the
year of our Lord 1840, the aforesaid Philippe Marie Moindron came before
our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and everything therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Thirty-first day of July, in the year of our Lord, One
thousand eight hundred and forty.