IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND INTERNAL ARRANGEMENT OF FURNACES, AND IN THE PREPARATION, MANUFAC TURE, AND TREATMENT OF CLAYS, AND OF ARTICLES, SURFACES, STRUCTURES, AND ERECTIONS SUBJECT TO THE ACTION OF FIRE OR ATMOSPHERIC INFLUENCE
Year: 1861

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Hale and Arthur Wall
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 29th May 1861.
We, THOMAS HALE, of No. 21, Barnsbury Row, Park Road, Islington, in
the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, and ARTHUR WALL, of No. 12, Canton
Street, East India Road, in the same County, Gentleman, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
AND INTERNAL ARRANGEMENT OF FURNACES, AND IN THE PREPARATION, MANUFAC
TURE, AND TREATMENT OF CLAYS, AND OF ARTICLES, SURFACES, STRUCTURES, AND
ERECTIONS SUBJECT TO THE ACTION OF FIRE OR ATMOSPHERIC INFLUENCE," to be
as follows:-
So far as it relates to improvements in the construction and internal arrange-
ment of furnaces it consists of erecting in the furnace in contact with or near
to the fire a wall or partition, or a chamber or two or more chambers with
openings or perforations through or into which the smoke, gases, or vapors
arising from the combustion of the fuel or the air before coming in contract
with the fuel are to pass. The object being to consume the smoke and its
hydrocarbons in the furnace and thereby economisc fuel. They may be
erected with ordinary fire-clay or fire-bricks, but we prefer erecting them with
fire or other clays or bricks prepared, manufactured, or treated in the improved
manner hereafter inentioned which very greatly enhances their efficiency and
adds to their durability.

page_text: So far as the said Invention relates to improvements in the preparation,
manufacture, and treatment of clays, and of articles, surfaces, structures and
erections subject to the action of fire or atmospheric influence it is as fol-
lows: Wo add to clay in the process of manufacture a preparation of powdered
asbestos, pumicestone, or lava, magnesia and bone-ash which is made as
follows: We take the asbestos and pumicestone in a powered state, and place
them in a furnance or crucible, adding to them while there a quantity of
muriate of soda. When sufficiently treated, we take out the mass and reduce
it to a powder, and then add to it the magnesia and bone-ash which we also
first reduce to a powder, and the preparation is ready for use. Or, we further
reduce such preparation to a paste, wash, or paint with water either pure or
mixed with some gummy, glutinous, resinous, or adhesive matter, and either,
-with or without_the_addition of carbonate of potash, or carbonate of soda,
or both, and then coat with it bricks or other articles, surfaces; structures,-
or erections, or parts thereof, manufactured, erected, or built of clay (whether
_treated as above-mentioned or not) earthenware, stone, or metal.
The effect of the process being to render the matter-so-prepared..or.treated
less liable to the destructive action of fire or atmospheric influence it is appli-
cable not only to the erection of the walls, partitions, or chambers we have
described, but to the formation, manufacture, or treatment of any articles, sur-
faces, structures, or erections, whether of metal, brick, stone, earthenware or
clay exposed to fire or the influence of the atmosphere.