Improvements in and connected with vacuum or Suction Pumps.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Feb., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 25th Nov., 1895-Accepted, 28th Dec., 1895
Improvements in and connected with vacuum or Suction Pumps.
I, ALEXANDER SHIELS of 190 Bath Street, Glasgow, M.B., C.M., B.Sc.. do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
--
This invention relates to vacuum or suction pumps and it has for its object to
improve their construction.
In carrying out my invention I use, as usual, a cylinder or barrel in which works
the pump bucket. This barrel is fitted on a hollow foundation having a suction
passage way or duct open at the one end, where it communicates with the tank,
vessel, or such like in which it is desired to create a vacuum or from which it is
desired to exhaust a part or the whole of the contained air or fluid, and closed at
the other end, where it communicates with the barrel of the pump, by an auto-
matically acting valve. This valve consists of a guided spindle provided with two
metal discs at its upper end between which a leather or rubber washer, ring, or
dise is secured in such manner as to serve as the valve fare. A metal ring, with
an upwardly projecting edge or ridge on it, which serves as the valve seat, is
secured in the foundation. This ring may be made to support the guide for the
valve spindle.
The top of the foundation, which also serves as the bottom of the barrel of the
pump, is slightly convexed so as to cause any excess of oil or the like to run down
towards the edge or circumferential rim of the bottom of the barrel, where it
collects in a groove and can be drawn off by means of an automatically acting
valve arrangement hereinafter described.
The bucket is formed in two parts bolted or screwed together, the upper part
forming a ring with a central upwardly projecting cylinder on it and the lower
part forming a ring or disc which serves as the bottom or face plate of the bucket.
These parts which fit and work in the cylinder or barrel of the pump have secured
between them a ring of leather or rubber which is so bent or shaped as to work
tight against the interior walls of the barrel in the same manner as an ordinary
cup-leather. The lower plate carries in its central aperture a ring seat having a
raised edge or projection on it. Fitted in suitable guides in a bridge carrie by
the cylindrical portion of the upper part of the bucket, is a spindle having a valve
of the same construction as the automatic valve hereinbefore referred to.
rubber or leather face of this valve works against the aforesaid ring seat fitted in
the lower plate.
The
The arrangement is such that at the upstroke of the plunger the upper bucket
valve by its own weight combined with the suction at its underside is held close
against its seat, whilst the lower foundation-valve is raised up off its seat. At the
lown stroke, on the contrary, the upper valve lifts off its seat whilst the lower
alve closes.
In order to lessen noise and cushion the action of the valves suitable cushions of
ubber or such like may be provided on either the guides or the valves.
In some cases, if desired, a spiral or helical spring can be used to press the
pper valve to its seat.
The automatic valve arrangement for drawing off excess of oil, etc., consists of a
ored out metal piece which may be provided with a cut off plug tap and delivery
ozzle at one end. In the centre of the metal piece is an automatically acting lift

page_text: valve so arranged and fitted that, at the downstroke of the plunger or bucket, it
opens and allows oil to escape, whilst, at the upstroke, it closes and prevents ingress
of air.
In order to balance the working parts and to utilize the action of the vacuum at
the underside of the bucket or plunger of the pump, when it is on its down stroke,
I prefer, to fit, on the crank shaft, a fly wheel which at the side opposite to the
crank is weighted or is provided with a weight.
Dated this 23rd day of February 1895.
I, ALEXANDER SHIELS of 190 Bath Street, Glasgow, M.B., C.M., B.Sc., do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to vacuum or suction pumps and it has for its object to
improve their construction.
And in order that my said invention may be properly understood I have hereunto
appended two explanatory sheets of drawings, whereon,
Fig. 1 is a vertical cross section of the pump.
Fig. 2 is a view of the fly wheel to a reduced scale, and,
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the foundation.
Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section and Fig. 5 a plan of the automatic valve for
drawing off excess oil from the pump barrel.
Referring to the drawings:-
-
In carrying out my invention I use, as usual, a cylinder or barrel a in which
works the pump bucket . This barrel is fitted on a hollow foundation c having a
suction passage way or duct open at one end d', where it communicates with the
tank, vessel, or such like, in which it is desired to create a vacuum or from which
it is desired to exhaust a part or the whole of the contained air or fluid, and closed
at the other end, where it communicates with the barrel of the pump, by an
automatically acting valve e. This valve e consists of a guided spindle ƒ provided
with two metal discs g, h, at its upper end between which a leather or rubber
washer, ring, or disc is secured in such manner as to serve as the valve face. The
disc g can, as shown, be made in one with the spindle whilst the disc or washer h
is held in place by the screw nut j. A metal ring with an upwardly projecting
ledge or ridge on it, which serves as the valve seat, is secured in the foundation.
This ring is made to support, by means of arms, the guide for the valve
spindle.
The top of the foundation e, which also serves as the bottom of the barrel of
the pump, is slightly convexed so as to cause any excess of oil or the like to run
down towards the edge or circumferential rim of the bottom of the barrel, where it
collects in a groove c² and can be drawn off by means of an automatically acting
valve arrangement hereinafter described.
The bucket is formed in two parts m, n, bolted or screwed together, the upper
part forming a ring with a central upwardly projecting cylinder m² on it and the
lower part forming a ring or disc which serves as the bottom or face plate of the
bucket.
These parts, which fit and work in the cylinder or barrel of the pump, have
secured between them a ring o of leather or rubber which is so bent or shaped as
to work tightly against the interior walls of the barrel in the same manner as au

page_text: ordinary cup-leather. The lower plate n carries in its central aperture a ring
seat n' having a raised edge or projection on it.
Fitted in a guide p in a bridge q extending across the cylindrical portion m¹ of
the bucket b is a spindle r having a slightly larger valves of the same construction
as the automatic valve e herein before referred to. The rubber or leather face s¹ of
this valve works against the aforesaid ring seat n' fitted in the plate n.
t are screw nuts for securing the guide p. is the fork and u' the pivot pins of
the plunger secured in place by the taper pins u². is the driving crank and
the connecting or pump rod. t are the standards fitted in sockets in the
foundation. w is a stop ring for limiting the movement of the spindle f.
The arrangement is such that at the upstroke of the plunger the upper bucket
valve s by its own weight combined with the suction at its underside is held close
against its seat, whilst the lower valve e is raised off its seat. At the down-
stroke, on the contrary the upper valve s lifts off its seat whilst the lower valve
closes.
In order to lessen noise and cushion the action of the valves suitable cushions x
of rubber or such like may be provided on either the guides or the valves.
In some cases, if desired, a spiral or helical spring can be used to press the
upper valve to its sent.
2
The automatic valve arrangement shown at Figs. 4 and 5 for drawing off excess
of oil from the pump barrel consists of a cored out metal piece z which may be
provided with a cut off plug tap and delivery nozzle at one end. In the
centre of the metal piece is an automatically acting lift valve so arranged and
fitted, as shown, that, at the down stroke of the plunger or bucket, it opens upward
off its seat and allows oil to escape, whilst, at the up stroke it closes down on its
seat and prevents ingress of air. is an internal guide plug.
In order to balance the working parts and to utilize the action of the vacuum at
the underside of the bucket or plunger of the pump, when it is on its down stroke,
I prefer, to fit, on the crank shaft, a fly wheel y which at the side nearly
opposite to the crank is weighted or is provided with a weight as at y¹.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed declare that what I
consider novel and desire to claim is :-
1. The construction or general arrangement and combination of parts of the
vacuum or suction pump substantially as herein before described with reference to
the drawings annexed.
2. A vacuum or suction pump having duplex valves constructed and operating
substantially as herein before described with reference to the drawings annexed.
Dated this 19th day of November 1895.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70 Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.