Improvements in or connected with the Tyres of Cycles and other like Vehicles.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 27th July, 1892
Complete Specification Left. 27th Apr., 1893-Accepted, 27th May, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with the Tyres of Cycles and other
like Vehicles.
1, WILLIAM STEVENSON, of Hallcroft, Beeston, in the County of Nottingham,
Lace Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to a novel and improved construction of tyre for the wheels
of bicycles, safeties, tricycles, and other like vehicles, by the use of which more
resiliency and greater facility for turning corners at high speed are obtained, whilst
skidding or slipping is prevented, and the air tube is kept at a distance from the
road, track, or floor, thus avoiding liability to puncture. The encasement or outer
covering for the air tube can be made as light as is consistent with strength.
According to the first part of my invention I form a flexible tyre or tyre-
covering of rubber, gutta percha, canvas and composition, leather, or any other
suitable substance, said tyre or tyre-covering having a ridge, preferably either flat
or concave, around the periphery. This ridge may rise about or of an inch
above the tyre or tyre-covering. In the case of leather or similar material being
used, the ridge may consist of one or more strips or belts of leather, one above the
other, stitched or rivetted to the tyre covering. Or I may attach to any form of
pneumatic, cushion, or like tyre, a ridge of rectangular section or strip presenting a
slight concavity or channel towards the road, track or floor, and having a flange
each side, said ridge being attached by solution, or otherwise, to the tyre. The
strip being made suitably narrow, allows the machine to run with less friction on
the road or track than in the case of ordinary cushion or pneumatic tyres, and
being of square, oblong, or like section, holds the tyre at a sufficient height above
the road to decrease materially its liability to puncture, and also gives it more
resiliency than can be obtained in tyres which gradually increase in thickness
towards the periphery.
The ridge or strip may be provided with sharp spikes at intervals, or spikes
formed with a large flat head may be thrust through from the inside and kept off
the inner tube by canvas or otherwise.
According to the second part of my invention, I attach the encasement or outer
covering of the tyre to the metal rim by means of a circular wire at each side of
the wheel, let or sprung into the edges of the metal rin, which are suitably curved
to receive it; or the wire may be sprung behind the bead of rims which have
beaded edges. The rubber or canvas of the covering is passed round the wire, and
the wire may be secured against the rim by pins, curved wires held down by hooks,
or otherwise.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with the Tyres of Cycles and other
like Vehicles.
I, WILLIAM STEVENSON, of Hallcroft, Beeston, in the County of Nottingham,
Lace Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
My invention relates to a novel and improved construction of tyre for the wheels
of bicycles, safeties, tricycles, and other like vehicles, by the use of which more
resiliency and greater facility for turning corners at high speed are obtained, whilst
skidding or slipping is prevented, and the air tube is kept at a distance from the
road, track, or floor, thus avoiding liability to puncture. The encasement or outer
covering for the air tube can be made as light as is consistent with strength.
According to the first part of my invention, I form a flexible tyre or tyre-
covering of rubber, gutta percha, canvas and composition, or any other suitable
substance, said tyre or tyre covering having a ridge, preferably either flat or
concave around the periphery. This ridge may rise about or of an inch above
the tyre or tyre-covering, and be about to 1 inch in breadth. In the case of
leather or similar material being used, the ridge may consist of one or more strips
or belts, one above the other, stitched or rivetted to the tyre-covering. Or I may
attach to any form of pneumatic, cushion, or like tyre, a ridge of rectangular
section or strip presenting a slight concavity or one or more channels towards the
road or track, and having a flap or flange each side for facility of attachment by
solution, or otherwise, to the tyre. The use of the narrow strip allows the machine
to run with less friction than with any tyre at present in use, gives more resiliency,
and decreases the liability to puncture the tyre.
The ridge or strip may be provided with spikes or projections formed of the
rubber or material of which the ridge is constructed, said spikes or projections being
arranged at intervals in one or more rows around the periphery of the wheel. Or
conical rivets or spikes of iron, copper, brass, or other hard material, having large
flat heads, may be thrust through or passed through holes from the inside and kept
off the inner tube by canvas or otherwise.
According to the second part of my invention, I attach the encasement or outer
covering of the tyre to the metal rim by means of a circular wire at each side of the
wheel round which the canvas of the covering is passed, said wires being drawn
together and fastened by means of hooks. Or the wires may be provided with pins
or hooks and secured against the rim by a fine wire or lacing cord passing around
or through the said hooks or their equivalent. In the case of racing cycles, a cane or
stiffener of leather or other stiff substance may be substituted for the wire to
decrease weight.
In order that my said invention may be readily understood I proceed to describe
the same fully with reference to the accompanying drawings which show the
invention as applied, by way of example, to a cycle tyre.
Fig. 1 is a cross section of a cycle tyre and rim, with flat ridge.
Fig. 2 a cross section of a cycle tyre and rim, with concave ridge.
Fig. 3 is a cross section showing the ridge and flaps or flanges of leather or like
material,
Fig. 4 is a cross section of a cushion tyre with the ridge applied.
Fig. 5 is a cross section of pneumatic tyre with ridge and spikes applied.
Figs. 6, 7, and 8 are perspective views of the tyre ridge with flaps, and with
channel, spikes, and projections respectively.
Fig. 9 is a modified construction of my tyre ridge with flaps.

page_text: Fig. 10 is a plan, and Fig. 11 a cross section, showing the means of securing the
outer covering in position.
a is the ridge which is in a single continuous piece and formed upon or attached
to the outer covering 6 of the air tube or pocket c. d, d, are the flaps or flanges by
which the ridge may be attached to the tyre covering b, or, in the case of cushion
or solid tyres, to the tyre itself by rivets e, or by solution, or otherwise.
When spikes are employed, a strip of canvas, cork, rubber, leather, or other
suitable flexible material is placed between the outer covering and the air tube, so
that the heads of the spikes may not injure the air tube.
h, h, are the wires round which the edges of the outer covering are passed and
secured by hooks j of wire, bent as shown on the drawing. In Figs. 10 and 11, a
wire is represented on one edge of the covering and a stiffening strip & of leather,
or other material, on the other. The wire or cord is laced round the pins or
hooks m, m, preferably in the manner shown. Or hooks and eyes similar to those
used for fastening garments may be secured to the wired edges of the outer covering
or encasement, and drawn together by a lace of fine wire or wire cord in the same
manner as described with reference to Figs. 10 and 11.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood
that I do not claim making a tyre with a flat or roughened running surface, not
ridges of semicircular section, but what I do claim is :-
1. A cycle tyre formed or provided with a single continuous flexible ridge around
the periphery, said ridge being flat, concave, channelled, or provided with spikes or
projections, substantially as described and shown.
2. In cycle tyres, as above claimed, the continuous narrow flexible ridge of
rectangular or approximately rectangular section provided with flaps or flanges for
attachment by solution, or otherwise, to the periphery of the tyres, substantially as
described and shown.
3. The methods of securing the edges of the outer covering substantially as
described and as shown.
4. My improvements in or connected with the tyres of cycles and other like
vehicles, substantially as hereinbefore described, and shewn by way of example as
applied to cycle tyres.
mated this 27th day of expr 1090.
ERNEST DE PASS,
Chartered Patent Agent,
78, Fleet Street, London, and 6, Victoria Street, Nottingham,
Agent for the Applicant.