Automatic Electric Switch
Year: 1898

page_text: Automatic Electric Switch 10r 101sts and Cranes.
JAMES GODDARD, 384, Oldham Road, Bardsley, Ashton under Lyne, Electrical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:--
A switch made of metal segments which form a circle (enclosed in a metal
box) with half circular movement. The brushes fit in a box on a square shaft
which works in a sliding movement by spring action on the side of switch box,
which is insulated. The switch may be worked by chain or lever movement,
which has a stud which comes in contact with stoppers on black of switch box,
preventing switch being moved too far. All terminals and resistance coils are
fitted on top of switch box, which is in three parts.
The
And A is made up of a number of metal segments (either copper, brass or
phosphorus bronze) which are insulated. Tow of the segments are in connection
with the motor the other segments are in connection with resistance coils B
except segments 1 and 2 which are included for the purpose of keeping the
brushes on the same level so that when the switch is out of connection there
can be no jerking movement in switching the electric current on and off.
switch segment A form a complete circle which has a movement of half a circle.
The whole segments A are fitted on the metal casting C and then the metal
washer D is put on and a back nut which screws on the shaft holds the washer
and segments together the whole being insulated from the switch segments A.
F&F are brushes (carbon or metal) which fit in' insulated metal boxs which
has a square shaft which fits into a square box E & E 1. A spring fits on squares
3 & 4 of the brush holders which is 'between the box of the brush holders and
the cast iron box which the switch is enclosed in. The springs are to keep the
brushes firmly pressed against the switch sections A the brushes F & F1 are in
a direct line of the centre of the switch and have a sliding movement and the
springs take up the wear of the brushes and keep a good connection between
the brushes and the switch sections A and by having a square sliding move-
ment which fits on the sides of the switch box the brushes cannot get turned out
of position.
The switch is enclosed in a metal box and the shaft on each side of the switch
fits in holes on back and front of the metal box to which is attached a peg wheel
to work the switch by chain movement (or a lever may be substitute) on the
inside of the peg wheel is a stud which comes in contact with two stopping
pieces on the switch box R so that the switch cannot be moved too far each
way but always comes to the right position. The front of switch box is fastened
with screws and the top of switch box R is fastened with screws and all the
terminals and resistance coils are fastened on the top of switch box and the

page_text: segments A of the switch are connected with wires to the terminals on the
switch box R which are connected to the resistance coils & cables No. 3 & 4 are
connected to terminals on the switch box.
Dated this 5th day of March 1898
Automatic Electric Switch for Hoists and Cranes.
JAMES GODDARD, 384, Oldham Road, Bardsley, Ashton under Lyne, Electrical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
Fig. 1 and 2 is plan and elevation of the switch. Fig. 3 is the elevation of
the switch with front lid and top removed. Fig. 4 is the plan of the switch
with front lid and top removed and brush holders in section and
peg wheel removed. Fig. 5 is the side elevation of the switch. Fig. 6 is the
side elevation in section showing the construction of the switch segments.
Fig. 7 is a elevation of the switch with front lid removed showing the connections
of the switch in circuit for series motor to work two ways. The switch
segments A, A1 and A2 are connected with flexible wire for to allow for the
movement of the switch. The segments A are connected to the resistance coils B.
The segment Al is connected direct to the positive main and segment A2 is
connected direct to one terminal of field magnet the other terminal of field magnet
is connected direct to the negative main and the brushes FF of the switch are
connected to the two brushes on the motor and when the switch is moved one
segment of A which come in contact first bring the full resistance of the coils B
into circuit when in contact with one of the brushes F and the other segment A2
which is connected direct to one terminal of field magnet come in contact with
the other brush F and as the switch segments A moves the resistance coils are
cut out from the circuit. When the segment A1 comes in contact with the
brushes the resistance coils are all cut out and the motor is working direct on
the mains and the switch cannot be moved farer as the stud fasten on the peg
wheel come in contact with one of the stopping pieces R 1 and when the switch
is moved the opposite way the electric current coms into circuit on the opposite
brushes which cause the motor to work in the opposite direction by the current
being reverse and when the stud on the peg wheel come in contact with the
opposite stopping piece R1 the segment A1 connected direct to the main is in
full contact with one of the brushes F while A2 is in contact with the opposite
brush F. Segment A2 come in contact direct on the brushes while segment A 1
come in contact through resistance coils B. For motor working one way the
segment A1 would be next to the segment 2 and the switch would move nearly
half a circle one way only in switching the current on and off instead of moving
a quarter circle one way and a quarter of a circle the opposite way as required
for motors working two ways. For working shunt wound motors one way
segment 1 would be made wider than segment 2 and segment A1 A2 would be
connected direct to the positive main and the negative main would be connected
direct to one of the brushes on the motor on which one of the terminals of the
field-magnet coils would be connected in shunt and the brush F of the switch
on segment 2 would be connected direct to the other terminal of the field magnets

page_text: of the motor and the other brush F of the switch on segment 1 would be con-
nected direct to the other brush on the motor which would be in direct connection
with the armature only. When the switch is moved segment A2 will come in
contact with the brush F connected direct to the magnets first with segment 2
being less in width than segment 1 which brings the full current of the mains
into circuit direct on the field magnets at once and as the switch moves the
segments A come in contact with the brush F on the switch which is connected
direct to the brush on the motor that is connected direct to the armature so that
when the segments A comes in contact with the brush F the positive current
passed through the resistance coils B direct to the armature and when segment Al
come into contact the resistance coils are all cut out and the motor is working
direct on the mains. A is made up of a number of metal segments (either
copper, brass or phosphorous bronze) which are insulated from each. Two of
the segments Al & A2 are in connection with the motor when in circuit and the
other segments are in connection with resistance coils B when in circuit except
segments 1 and 2 which are included for the purpose of keeping the brushes on
the same level and the electric current is switched off when the brushes Fare
on the segments 1 and 2 which are insulated from the others segments and
segments 1 and 2 can be adapted for to apply the current first either to magnets
or the armature as desired by making one section wider than the other so that
when the switch moves one of the brushes F will come into the circuit before the
other and the segments A can be used as connecting for switching on different
rooms or switching on different lamps for example if their was six rooms their
would be six segments A and one A 2 beside the blank segments 1 and 2 segments
A would be similar connected as to resistance coils B so that the different rooms
would be brought into circuit one at once instead of being switched on all at
once and any room could be cut out of circuit when not required and could be
used as a main switch or for any single lamp (incandesent or are lamps) their
would only be two segments A1 & A2 which would be connected to the main
(besides the segments 1 & 2) and two connections to the brushes FF which would
be connected in circuit to the lamp or lamps or any room or rooms and when
the switch was moved off the segment 1 & 2 their would be a complete circuit
formed through the connections on FF and the electric current would be cut
off and put on the positive and negative oth at once.
The switch segment A form a complete circle which has a circular movement.
The whole segments are fitted on the metal casting C but are insulated from it
and then the metal washer I) is put on and a back nut which screws on the
shaft holds the washer and segments together the whole being insulated from
the switch segments. F and F are brushes (carbon or metal) which fit in the
Brush holders 3 and 4. The brush holders 3 and 4 have square shafts fitting
into square boxes EE which are insulated from the switch box R. Springs SS
fit on squares 3 and 4 of the brush holders which are between the brush holders
and square boxes EE. The springs SS are to keep the brushes firmly pressed
against the switch sections and the brush holders 3 & 4 have a sliding movement
caused by the springs SS which take up the wear of the brushes. The switch
is enclosed in a metal box R and one end of the switch shaft I comes through
the back of the switch box to which is attached a peg wheel or lever to work
the switch by chain or lever movement. On the peg wheel is a stud which comes
in contact with two stopping pieces R1 on the switch box R so that the switch
is always stopped in it right position. The other end of the switch shaft P 1
works in the cross bracket K fastened on the front of switch box R. The front
lid of switch box R is fastened with screws and the end of the shaft 11 comes
through the centre of the lid on front of switch box R on which is fastened a
pointer N which shows what position the switch sections A. are in. The top of
switch box R is fastened with screws and all resistance coils and terminals are
fastened on the top (lid) of the box R which are in connection with the switch

page_text: segments There are four connections left open to connect to the cables and
motor (two connections to brushes and two to the switch sections).
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. The switch sections to form a complete circle and to have a circular
movement.
2. The switch sections A, A 1, A 21 and 2 to be arranged for working different
classes of motors such as serices compound and shunt wound either direct driven
or reversible motors.
3. To be adapted for to apply the current first either to magnets or armature
as desired by altering sections 1 and 2 by making one section wider than the other.
4. To be used for connecting as a main switch or for switching on different
rooms or any number of lamps by altering the number of sections A.
5. The brush holders to have a spring action by which the brushes are kept
firmly pressed on the switch segments.
6. The brushes to be seperate pieces and by being so can easily be replaced
with (carbon or metal).
7. The brushes to have a square sliding arrangement which keep them in their
right position.
8. To have four connections on the switch for to connect in circuit with one
connection to each brush F and one connection to A1 and one to A 2.
9. The switch and connections to be fitted in a metal box which has stopping
peices R1 on by which they cannot pull the switch to far in starting or stopping.
10. To have a pointer N on the front which indicate whether the switch is in
its right position or not.
Dated this 28th day of November 1898.
JAMES GODDARD,
Applicant.