IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PILED FABRICS, AND IN THE MACHINERY EMPLOYED IN SUCH MANUFACTURE
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th
June 1859. A communication from abroad by Charles Miller, of New
York, City in the United States of America, Machinist.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
PILED FABRICS, AND IN THE MACHINERY EMPLOYED IN SUCH MANUFACTURE," to
be as follows:
This Invention of improvements in the manufacture of piled fabrics, and in
the machinery employed in such manufacture, consists in a novel mode of
manufacturing piled fabrics suitable for carpets or for other purposes by the
introduction into a previously woven foundation of threads, which, after being
passed through the said foundation in the form of a series of rows of loops at
regular or suitable intervals, are secured by a continuous filling thread which
passes through the several rows of loops in succession. In this way a pile
may be produced on either or both sides of the foundation, the protruding
loops forming it on one side, and the portion of the thread between the loops
forming it on the other side, and by cutting the thread between the loops, a cut
or velvet pile may be produced on one side.
The Invention also consists, in the employment in this manufacture, of: a
series of needles arranged side by side at suitable distances apart for passing
the threads through the foundation in the form of loops in rows extending the

page_text: whole width of the fabric, and a long needle operating transversely to the
first-mentioned or loop needles for carrying the filling thread through the
loops.
The Invention also consists in the employment of a pin, stud, or other con-
trivance for holding the filling thread during the retreat of the needle, which
passes it through the loops, the object of this pin or stud being to prevent the
thread from being withdrawn wholly or partly from the loops by the retreat of
its needle. In addition to the above, there is a mechanical arrangement for
feeding the foundation fabric forward to the needles for the reception of the
pile threads. A set of wires are also employed in some cases for the purpose
of forming the pile.
In the manufacture of piled fabrics for carpets or for other purposes, by
means of the present Invention, a pattern may be produced in the pile by the
printing or dyeing of the pile threads in a similar manner to what is com-
monly practised in the weaving of Brussels or other piled carpets, and these
printed or dyed threads, when worked into, and combined with the foundation
fabric, will form a pattern on the surface of the manufactured fabric.
The essential points and features of novelty in the Invention and apparatus,
and which I desire to secure by Letters Patent, are,
1st, the manufacture of piled fabrics, either with cut or uncut pile, by the
introduction (into a previously woven foundation fabric) of threads, which,
after being passed through the cloth in the form of a series of rows of loops,
are secured by a continuous filling thread which passes through the several
rows of loops in succession, and thereby forms a looped or cut pile on the
surface.
2nd, the employment in the manufacture of piled fabrics of a series of
needles for passing the pile threads through a previously woven foundation
fabric in rows of loops. In combination with this series of needles there is a
single needle operating transversely to the said series of needles for the purpose
of carrying a continuous filling or locking thread through the successive rows
of loops of the pile threads.
3rd, the employment in combination with the series of pile thread needles
and the filling or locking-thread needle of a tongue, pin, stud, or other suitable
contrivance applied to catch and prevent the withdrawal of the filling or
locking thread.
4th, the attachment of nippers which draw the rods from the pile to the
same slider or its equivalent, which carries the filling or locking thread needle,
so that the same mechanism serves to operate the said nippers and the
'needle.

page_text: 5th, the combination with the nippers above mentioned of another pair of
nippers for withdrawing the rod with a stop, inclined plane, recess and
pusher for operating the parts.
6th, feeding the foundation fabric to the needles, and carrying away the
finished piled fabric from the needles by means of a plate or other suitable
contrivance pushing against the pile rods, or other convenient part of the
mechanism.