Improvements in Oil Stoves.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Jan., 1890-Accepted, 15th Feb., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Oil Stoves.
A communication from Lyman Prentice Converse, of Chicago, County of Cook,
State of Illinois, United States of America, manufacturer.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
M.I.M.E., do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in stoves employing hydro-carbon oil as a
fuel; and the objects of the invention are to provide a stove of this nature in the use
of which, and at the expense of comparatively little fuel owing to the attainment of
nearly perfect combustion, a large volume of heat of great intensity may be produced;
and wherein the products of combustion are rendered odorless, and moist to the extent
most healthful and desirable.
Figure 1 of the drawing illustrates, in central sectional elevation, a stove embodying
these improvements; and Figure 2 is an enlarged horizontal, broken and sectional
view, showing details of the construction of the burner.
A represents the stove, which is shown to be provided with an Argand burner, B,
an oil reservoir, C, a water receptacle, D, a combustion chamber, E, and an air-
heater, F. The stove is formed on its under side with a flaring opening, wo, above
which rises a central cylindrical wall, v. The oil-reservoir surrounds the wall V, and
is provided with a filling spout, a, which extends outside the stove and is closed at the
top by a screw-cap, a¹.
The Argand burner communicates with the oil-reservoir through pipes, tt, and the
outer walls of the wick-tube flares outward toward its base to enlarge the lower part
of the annular wick-chamber, s, thereby to increase the volume of oil contained
therein and facilitate saturation of the wick. Concentric with the wick-tube is an
inner tube, g', which is surmounted by a perforated spreader, o, provided on the top
with a deflecting-plate, o¹. As thus constructed the burner has a central air-
passage, p, leading from the base of the stove into the spreader; an annular air-
passage, g, between the inner wall of the wick-tube and tube, ql, leading from the
base of the stove to the top of the wick-tube between the latter and the spreader ;
and an annular air-passage, r, between the outer wall of the wick-tube and wall v of
the stove. The mechanism for raising and lowering the wick y, comprises a sleeve, n,
within the wick-chamber, fitting loosely over the inner wall 2 having a flaring
serrated upper edge, n', to engage the wick, and a rack, m, on the opposite side of
the walls in the passage q, and connected with the sleeve n through a narrow vertical
slot in the walls. The rack m is engaged by a pinion, l, on the end of a shaft, l',
which extends through the oil-reservoir C and beyond the stove where it carries a
hand-wheel, . The shaft l' may be housed in a tube, 13, provided at its ends with a
stuffing-box, 1, whereby egress of oil from the wick is prevented. The sleeve n is
provided longitudinally with a slot, n³, which fits over the shaft l' and extends from
the lower extremity of the sleeve nearly to its serrated top n'. The rack m and
pinion are housed in a narrow tubular casing, k, extending from near the
lower end of the burner where it is closed to the top of the wick-tube, at which end
it is open.
The water receptacle D is an annular chamber resting upon the wall v, and
extending above the oil-chamber, its inner circular wall, vl, affording, practically, a
continuation of the wall v, and extending to the top of the wick-tube. The water
receptacle is covered by a top-plate, i, which extends partway across the air-passage, r,
to afford a narrow annular outlet, r, at its top and it is provided with a filling
spout, z. Directly below the top-plate i is a horizontal narrow annular opening, i,

page_text: (which, if desired, may be a row of perforations instead of a continuous opening
as shown) through the wall v', affording an outlet from the water receptacle to the
air passage r.
Resting upon the top-plate i and extending upward toward the spreader o, is a
flanged reducing ring, h.
The combustion chamber E is provided, to enhance the appearance of the stove,
with mica doors, g, and towards its top is an annular concentrating plate, g', having
the central opening g². Above the concentrator g¹, is a series of outlet openings, f,
through the side of the stove.
The top of the stove, proper, is at a a, where it is provided with another series of
outlets, and a series of centrally projecting ribs, e, affording a support or grate over
which an oven, vessels, pans, or the like, may be placed when it is desired to use the
stove for cooking purposes.
The air-heater F, comprises a chamber, d, with a conical base, d', and dome-shaped
top d, provided with an outlet, c. Around the lower part of the heater is a series of
inlets c¹, and projecting upward from the base d' are a number of fingers, d³, which
be arranged as shown.
In operation, the wick y is fed with oil from the reservoir C through the pipes t, in
the usual manner. The receptacle D is filled with water nearly to the level of the
opening, and when the wick is ignited, the flame spreading out between the ring h
and deflector o¹, heats directly the upper part of, and by conduction the entire water
receptacle D, whereby in a comparatively short time steam is generated from the
water contained therein. The spout z being closed, the only avenue of escape for the
steam is through the opening into the passage r. Air is fed to the flame through
the passages p and q on the inside and r on the outside of the burner. The air from
the passage g strikes the flame at the base of the latter, and that from the passage p,
above that point, thus materially aiding combustion. The steam which enters the
passage through the opening i¹, mingles with the air current and is carried through
the reduced outlet with great velocity, striking the flame at, an angle and thus
penetrating the latter. The narrowness of the opening i¹, permits no more steam to
be carried to the flame than may be readily decomposed by the heat thereof, and
serve at the same time to moisten the products of combustion to the extent necessary
to render them healthful as they escape to the room. I have found that by providing
the rack m on the inside of the wick-tube, there is no apparent interference thereby
with the combustion of the flame, while were the rack on the outside of the wick-tube
in the passage r, it would retard combustion of the wick at that point to an extent
which would be apt to produce smoking and consequent unpleasant odor.
base d¹ of the heater becomes hot, the fingers d³ are heated by conduction, whereby
air as it enters through the openings c¹, and passes between the fingers is quickly
heated to a high degree. The rush of heated air from the opening c, produces a
much more rapid and thorough heating of the room in which the stove is placed, than
were radiation of heat from the stove alone afforded.
As the
The upper part or combustion chamber of the stove, is hinged to the lower part of
the latter, as shown at b, whereby on removing the air-heater F, the upper part of the
stove may be tipped over, to afford more ready access to the burner for the purpose
of cleaning it, or trimming the wick.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is ;-
1-In a stove, the combination of the Argand burner B, an annular flaring.
deflector, o, a water-receptacle, D, surrounding the burner and provided with a
cover, i, an annular air-passage, r, between the burner and water-receptacle, and an
annular outlet opening, a, from the water-receptacle to the air-passage near the cover,
whereby the flame is deflected over the cover to heat water in the receptacle, and the
vapor thus produced enters the passage r to mix with the air and be carried by the
current to the flame, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

page_text: 2-In a stove, substantially as described, an Argand burner, B, having in com-
bination with its wick-chamber, s, an air-inlet, r', and ring, h, about the wick-tube,
air-passage, p, surmounted by a spreader, o, and air-passage, q, within the wick-tube,
the wick engaging sleeve, n, within the wick-chamber, rack, m, in the passage q,
connected with the sleeve n through a slot in the wall 82, and pinion 1, on the shaft l³,
engaging the rack, substantially as set forth.
3-In a heating stove, substantially as described, the air-heater F, upon the
combustion chamber, comprising a chamber, d, having a base, d', series of upward
projecting fingers, d³, on the base, a top, d³, inlet openings, c¹, and outlet c, sub-
stantially as set forth.
Dated thin 14th dow of Ta1800
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.