Å ADDMATY Ixprovement OR IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING MACHINES
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Porritt, of Stubbin Vale Mill, near Rams-
bottom, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, for the Invention of
"Å ADDMATY Ixprovement OR IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING MACHINES"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Porritt at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th December 1854.
I, JAMES PORRITT, of Stubbin Vale Mill, near Ramsbottom, in the County
of Lancaster, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention
for "A CERTAIN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING MACHINES" to be
as follows:-
Firstly, as applied to woollen carding machines (to which my Invention
mainly belongs), I place the spools or bobbins, upon which the sliver from
the scribbler or tummer are wrapped, in a perpendicular position, so as to
revolve freely as the sliver is drawn off by the carding machine, each sliver
passing over bars or through rings, and supporting or holding a small lever or
weight, so that when the sliver is broken or run off the bobbin, the falling of
such lever or weight stops the carding machine by a mechanical arrangement..
After supplying the wool uniformly through the carding machine, I take away
the wool in a carded state from the finishing doffer or doffers, which are covered
with separate rings or fillets of cards in separate slivers, by means of loose straps
or belts of leather, or other material, passing over two or more rollers, so that

page_text: the slivers are better separated and more easily condensed into a thread. The
novelty of my Invention consists in the perpendicular position of the feeding
spools or bobbins, together with the application of an apparatus for stopping
the machine when a sliver breaks or the end runs in, and also the separation
of the carded slivers by means of loose belts or straps as they are delivered
from the finishing doffer: cylinder... or... cylinders, by which.. the subsequent
rubbing or condensing process is performed with greater security and less
waste.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the 'conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Porritt in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
31st May 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
PORRITT, of. Stubbins Vale Mills, near Ramsbottom, in the County of Lan-
caster, Manufacturer, send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the, Fourth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her licirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said James Porritt, Her special license that I, the said James
Porritt, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said James Porritt, my executors, administrators, and assigns; should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING MACHINES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said James Porritt, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal,, should. particularly describe and ascertain_the_
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Porritt, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and, in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
-statement-(that-is-to-say)----
The nature of my said Invention of a Certain Improvement or Improvements

page_text: 1. t.
in Carding Machines consists in an improved arrangement for feeding the
sliver of wool or other fibrous material to carding machines, together with an
improved arrangement for stopping such carding machines when the feed or
supply of wool or other fibrous material shall cease, from breakage or other
cause; and the manner in which the same is to be performed or carried into
effect-will be seen by reference to the annexed-Drawings and the following
description. The scale to which the annexed Drawings are made is markeḍ
thereon, and "the same letter of reference denotes the same part throughout.
Fig1; Sheet 1 is an end view, Fig. is a transverse section, Fig. 3,
Sheet 2, is a front view, and Fig. 4 a plan, of par
a woollen carding
machine to which my Invention is applied. In these Figures; A represents the
spool or bobbin on which the sliver from the scribbler of tummer is wraped.
The feeding rollers B, B; receive the slivers 6, which are drawn off by their
rotation in the usual manner.. The breaker cylinder C and the working
rollers and clearers are shewn; to indicate the position in which my Invention
is applied. The traversing, carriages E, E, best seen at Figure 3 and 4, dis-
tribute the wollen sliver to the feed rollers B, B, in the usual manner;
and my improvement in this feeding arrangement consists in placing the
spools or bobbins in a perpendicular position on a pivot, supported on a centre
or point in the stand, by which arrangement I am enabled to pull off the
slivers without the application of surface motion to revolve the spools or
bobbins, as heretofore practise.
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The stopping, of the carding machine, which takes place as soon as the
sliver breaks or is used up, is effected by means of the small levers D, D,
see Figure 2; over which the slivers 6 pass, as seen in the Drawing, one end
of which lever is provided with the small stud or projection,d. The stud
end of these levers is the heaviest, so that the moment the sliver 6 breaks
or is removed, this end of the lever D falls down on to the, endless strap F,
see Figure 3. The strap F is perforated with a series of holes, and held
stationary in a state of tension over the pulleys f and f', but as soon as
one of the pegs d falls into a hole, it carries, the strap F along with the
traverse of the carriage E, with which the lever D´is connected. The
strap Fthus put in motion revolves the pullys fand" f", the latter of which
is provided with three pins or studs, marked e, e, e. The hanging lever G
moves-on-its-fulcrum-at g (see-Figure 3), and as soon as one of the studs e
come in contact with the inclined surface at h, the lever G is vibrated, and
disengages the perpendicular sliding piece I at the back of the lever H. This
piece I falls into the thread of the revolving screw K, which carries it along
with the lever H-in-the-direction indicated by the small arrow.

page_text: The lever H is placed on a shaft connected with the strap guider, so that
its vibration stops the machine, and at the same time the bell L rings, and
gives warning that the carding machine is standing for want of sliver, thereby
preventing irregularities in the carding, and causing the wool to pass in a
uniform quantity through the carding machine.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed and carried into effect, I do not claim as
my Invention any of the well-known parts or arrangements of the carding
machine, which have been described for the purpose of shewing the position
in which my Invention is to be applied to carding machines, and I am also
aware that the mode of applying my Invention to carding machines may be
modified and varied from the manner I have described, all which is well
understood by persons conversant with machinery of this nature; but what I
do claim as my Invention is,-
Firstly, the placing the spools or bobbins from which the sliver is fed to
carding engines in a perpendicular position, supported on a point or axis of
rotation, thereby obviating the necessity of surface motion to deliver such
sliver.
And, secondly, I claim the arrangement and adaptation of a stop motion to
carding engines to be brought into action so soon as a sliver shall break or
cease to be supplied to the feeding rollers.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Porritt, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
JAMES PORRITT. (L.S.)
Declared by the above-named James Porritt, at the
City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
this Twenty-ninth day of May. 1855, before me,
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