IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS STOVES FOR COOKING AND HEATING."
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Milward Holmes, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Secretary of the International Agency, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS STOVES FOR COOKING AND HEATING." "
-A communication from abroad by James L. Sharp, of the City of

page_text: By constructing and arranging the parts of the said stoves according
to this Invention perfect combustion, and hence a smokeless and odour-
less flame is produced, and an intense heat results by the expenditure of
0
small quantity of and
less flame is produced, and an intense heat results by the expenditure of
a small quantity of gas.
The said stoves are specially fitted for cooking, heating, and laundry
purposes, but they may also be applied to the warming of rooms and
apartments.
I will describe a stove constructed for cooking or heating or laundry
purposes.
The body of the stove consists of two concentric tubes, the annular
space between the two tubes constituting a chamber in which the
mixture of gas and air passes to the upper part or burner of the stove.
The bottom of the said annular chamber is open to the air, and in the
said chamber and near the bottom thereof is the gas supply pipe con-
sisting of a ring perforated on its upper side with two or more fine holes.
A flexible tube serves to connect the said ring-like supply pipe with any
fixed gas pipe. The top of the annular chamber is closed, excepting by
a lateral opening. The central tube of the stove supplies atmospheric
air to the mixture of gas and air issuing from the annular chamber.
The central inner tube is of less height than the outer tube, and around
the lateral opening thus left between the two tubes a ring of wire gauze
or perforated metal is fixed, the said ring of wire gauze or perforated
metal being supported on a flange or shoulder a short distance below
the top of the central tube. The said wire gauze or perforated ring and
the space between it and the inner tube constitutes the burner of the
stove, through which the mixture of gas and air rising in the annular
chamber is delivered, and at which the ignition of the gaseous mixture
takes place. As the mixture of gas and air in the form of a ring-like
sheet issues from the burner it mixes with a current of atmospheric air
supplied from the central inner tube, whereby perfect combustion
results, a white or nearly white flame is produced, and consequently an
intense heat. The perforated chamber described forming the burner
serves to thoroughly mix the gas and air before it mingles with the
current of atmospheric air supplied by the central tube, and also serves
to regulate the quantity of the gaseous mixture passing through the
burner. The two concentric tubes forming the body of the stove are
supported upon a foot or stand, and the top of the outer tube is furnished

page_text: ال
with a horizontal ring-like rest or gallery, upon which the cooking
or other vessel or the sad iron or other article to be heated is sup-
ported.
..
Two or more of the stoves described may be combined together in the
same frame, or two or more stoves may be connected together so as to
form a compound stove. In these cases each stove of the compound
stove may be furnished with an independent supply of gas, so that one
stove or portion of the stove may be used without the others at the
pleasure of the user.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Milward Holmes in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 24th December 1875. .
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
MILWARD HOLMES, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Secretary of the International Agency, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said James Milward Holmes, Her special
license that I, the said James Milward Holmes, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said James Milward
Holmes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others; from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention' for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS STOVES FOR Cooking and HEATING" (a communication
to me from abroad by James L. Sharp, of the City of New York, in the
United States of America), upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said James Milward Holmes, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals; should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and

page_text: cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Milward Holmes, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner a
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The said Invention consists of the construction and combination or
arrangement herein-after described of the parts of gas stoves burning a
mixture of ordinary illuminating gas and atmospheric air.
By constructing and arranging the parts of the said stoves according
to this Invention perfect combustion, and hence a smokeless and odour-
less flame is produced, and an intense heat results by the expenditure of
a small quantity of gas.
The said stoves are specially fitted for cooking, heating, and laundry]
purposes, but they may also be applied to the warming of rooms and
apartments.
I will describe a stove constructed for cooking or heating or laundry
purposes.
The body of the stove consists of two concentric tubes, the annular 2
space between the two tubes constituting a chamber in which the
mixture of gas and air passes to the upper part or burner of the stove.
The bottom of the said annular chamber is open to the air, and in the
said chamber and near the bottom thereof is the gas supply pipe con-
sisting of a ring perforated on its upper side with two or more fine holes. 2
A flexible tube serves to connect the said ring-like supply pipe with any
fixed gas pipe. The top of the annular chamber is closed, excepting by
a lateral opening. The central tube of the stove supplies atmospheric
air to the mixture of gas and air issuing from the annular chamber.
The central inner tube is of less height than the outer tube, and around 3
the lateral opening thus left between the two tubes a ring of wire gauze
or perforated metal is fixed, the said ring of wire gauze or perforated
metal being supported on a flange or shoulder a short distance below
the top of the central tube. The said wire gauze or perforated ring and
the space between it and the inner tube constitute the burner of the 3
stove, through which the mixture of gas and air rising in the annular

page_text: chamber is delivered, and at which the ignition of the gaseous mixture
takes place. As the mixture of gas and air in the form of a ring-like
sheet issues from the burner it mixes with a current of atmospheric
air supplied from the central inner tube, whereby perfect combustion
results, a non-luminous flame is produced, and consequently an
intense heat. The two concentric tubes forming the body of the stove
are supported upon a foot or stand, and the top of the outer tube is
furnished with a horziontal ring-like rest or gallery, upon which the
cooking or other vessel or the sad iron or other article to be heated is
supported.
Having explained the nature of the said Invention I will proceed to
describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings the manner in
which the sames is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in side elevation, Figure 2 in vertical section,
Figure 3 in horizontal section, Figure 4 partly in vertical section and
partly in elevation, Figure 5 in plan, and Figure 6 in horizontal section,
a stove for cooking or heating purposes constructed according to this
Invention. The horizontal section, Figure 3, is taken on the line A, A,
of Figure 2, and the horizontal section, Figure 6, is taken on the
line B, B, of Figure 2. The same letters of reference indicate the same
parts in the several Figures of the Drawings.
c, d, are the two concentric tubes constituting the body of the stove,
the annular space e between the said tubes forming a chamber in which
the mixture of gas and air passes to the upper part or burner of the
stove. The two tubes c, d, are supported on the foot or base f, and the
said tubes are surmounted by a ring or gallery g, upon which the
cooking or other vessel or the sad iron or other article to be heated is
supported. The foot ƒ and gallery 7 are connected together and the
whole of the parts of the stove bound together by the screw rods h, h,
and screw nuts i, i, as best seen in the section, Figure 2. The bottom
of the annular chamber e and the bottom of the central tube & are open
to the air, and at the bottom of the said annular chamber e and supported
on the foot is the ring-like gas supply pipe k perforted on its upper
side with two (or more) small holes. The said ring-like gas supply pipe /
is connected with any fixed gas pipe by a flexible tube 7 (see Figures 1
and C). The top of the annular chamber e is closed by the gallery 9,
but communication between the chamber e and central tube dat the
top of the latter is established by the lateral opening at in the upper

page_text: .
part of the said central tube d. The said central tube d is of less height
than the outer tube c and around the lateral opening m between the
two tubes is a ring of perforated metal or wire gauze, as represented,
the said ring of perforated metal or wire gauze being supported on the
flange or shoulder q of the strengthened part of the upper portion of
the central tube d.
By an examination of Figure 2 it will be seen that a small annular
chamber is formed between the perforated ring at m and the unperforated
upper part n of the central tube d, the said small annular chamber m, n,
being open at its top to the air passing up the said central tube d. The
said small annular chamber between the perforated ring m and the
part n of the central tube constitutes the burner of the stove, through
which the mixture of gas and air rising in the annular outer chamber é
is delivered, and at the top of which the ignition of the gaseous mixture
takes place. As the mixture of gas and air in the form of a ring-like
sheet issues from the burner m, n, it mixes with the current of atmo-
spheric air supplied by the central tube d, whereby perfect combustion
results, and á heating non-luminous flame is produced. As the current
of air rising in the central tube d approaches the burner it - becomes
heated thereby, and the said heated air mixing with the inflammable
and burning gaseous mixture produces à dome-like flame at the top of
the stove. The perforated chamber m, n, serves to thoroughly mix the
gas and air passing from the annular chamber e before it comes in
contact with the current of atmospheric air supplied by the central
tube d.
Two or more of the stoves described and represented may be combined
together in the same frame or case, or two or more stoves may be con-
nected together so as to form a compound stove. In these cases cach
stovo of the compound stove may be furnished with an independent
supply of gas so that one of the individual stoves; or a portion of the
compound stove, may be used without the other portion at the pleasure
of the user.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do
not limit myself to the precise details herein described and illustrated,
as the same may be varied without departing from the nature of the
said Invention, but I claim as the said Invention, the improvements in
2

page_text: gas stoves for cooking and heating, herein-before described and illus-
trated in the accompanying Drawings, that is to say, the combination of
the two concentric tubes c, d, and perforated annular chamber m, n, and
parts immediately connected therewith, into a stove for the burning of a
mixture of ordinary illuminating gas and atmospheric air, substantially
as described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Milward Holmes, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of December,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.
Witness,
JAMES MILWARD HOLMES. (L.S.).
EDWARD MORTON,
Town Hall Chambers,
Birmingham.