Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Jan., 1888
Specification Accepted, 24th Feb., 1888
I WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE of No. 11 Wellington Street Strand London in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :--
This invention relates to the manufacture of plastering bearers or plaster supports
for ceilings and walls, which may advantageously be used in place of the laths, reeds,
and canes hitherto employed.
My invention has for its purpose to provide a covering for ceilings suitable for
holding and retaining the mortar, and it consists of a carved lining having the shape
of a grating or matwork which is very practical and readily and cheaply made. The
different shapes and kinds of manufacture of this grating or matwork are hereinafter
described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The plaster bearer shown
in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive is a trellis made by means of small sheets and wire, and the
construction illustrated in Figures 5 to 14 inclusive is a grating having the form of a
mat and provided with suitably figured or shaped wooden staves or supports extending
through the whole length of the ceiling and fastened with or without the aid of wires.
The two methods show essentially the same construction and they have for their
main purpose to offer the mortar a holding surface which is as large as possible.
In the construction illustrated in Fig. 1 to 4 wire ropes parallel one to another are
tightly stretched below the boarding of the Ceiling, the ends of which are firmly
fastened in a suitable manner to the beam of the ceiling. Small pieces or sheets ppp
dovetailed at their two ends (see Fig. 4) are inserted into the several wire ropes at a
distance from each other corresponding approximately to the breadth of the sheets.
The wire ropes provided with the small sheets are stretched below the boarding of the
ceiling side by side in such a manner, that the small sheets of the one rope catch into

page_text: the intervals between the sheets of the other rope. After the whole surface of the
ceiling or of the chamber wall has been provided with ropes in the above described
manner, the plaster or mortar is thrown against the said small sheets, or the latter are
coated therewith so that the plaster penetrates partly underneath the sheets which
then take the position shown in Figure 3. It is obvious that instead of the dovetailed
small sheets pp any other sheets having any other suitable shape, or also pins, and
the like, may be used; these pieces are then inserted in a similar way into the wire-
ropes. The lining or covering of the ceiling or wall may also have the form of a mat
and in lieu of the small sheets, supports or staves, preferably of wood, extending
through the whole length of the surface and having any suitable cross section may be
employed. Such an arrangement is shown in figures 5 to 14 of the accompanying
drawings, where the plastering bearer has the form of a grating. The staves having a
small bearing surface are placed longitudinally parallel to each other, side by side, or
one upon the other, as shown in Figures 5 to 7. Between each two staves a a a third
staff 6 is placed in such a manner, that its edges are lapping over the staves a, the
several staves having the necessary play for swelling and shrinking. The part of the
staves turned towards the mortar has a hook shaped profile to offer the mortar a
better hold. To arrange these staves in mat form and to maintain them in this
position I provide two and two staves a, a with notches extending from the larger
bearing surface to the top of the profile while the staff b placed between the two
staves a a and lapping over them is notched at the opposite side (see Figure 5); a
wire c drawn alternately from above and below through the notches of the staves is
tightly stretched and secured at the end of the grate like mat. It is not necessary
that all the staves be provided with notches; as illustrated in figure 7 it will be
sufficient to notch the first, third, fifth staff a a from the base or bearing surface. It
will still be better to omit the notches and instead of using the wire c to nail under-
neath the staves thin cross fillets (see Figures 8 to 10) having a trapezium-shaped
cross section and their large side turned downwards. The action of the grating will
still considerably be increased by this arrangement. In using these cross fillets d it
will be sufficient for attaining the intended purpose to omit the hook-shaped part in
the section or profile of the longitudinal staves a b and to groove them only to the
extent shown in Figure 9. The figures 11 to 14 inclusive represent modifications of
the above described grating.
There is not placed between two and two staves and upon them a third staff having
play and a small bearing surface and lapping over the two staves, but the parallel
longitudinal staves do not touch each other, they have a small intermediate space
between them and are held in the above described manner by means of thin cross
fillets d having suitable cross section. The ends of the profile of the staves a are
sloped in such a manner that the slits are inclined and the mortar cannot penetrate
into them; the wood may therefore swell and shrink without injuring the plastering.
In the construction shown in figure 11 but one profile a is employed, and in that
illustrated in figure 12 two profiles are used, a larger one a and a smaller one b. The
figures 13 and 14 show plastering bearers the staves of which have a similiar profile ;
these constructions act in the above described manner. The grating has the advantage
that the swelling and shrinking of the staves have no prejudicial influence on the
mortar.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A plastering bearer for ceilings or walls such as shown in the figures 1-4
consisting of wire ropes ss arranged parallel to each other underneath the ceiling
or stretched out like a mat, into which ropes small sheets p dovetailed at their two
ends or of any other suitable shape, or pins are inserted in such a manner that the
small sheets or pins of one rope catch into the intervals between the sheets or pins
of the adjacent rope, so that the plastered mortar will partly penetrate underneath
the small sheets or pins and thus be held.

page_text: 2. The arrangement of staves a and b having hook-shaped points (see Figures 5—7)
as plastering bearers for ceilings or walls, the profiles of the said staves lapping
over each other leaving an intermediate space for allowing the staves to swell and
shrink, and the grate-like connection of the staves by means of crossing wires e drawn
alternately from above and below through notches or grooves applied to the staves,
the staves a being either notched from the base and the staves 6 from the point of
the cross section or the first alone, while the wire c is placed round the point.
C
3. The arrangement of the grate-like plastering bearer in the manner illustrated in
the figures 8 to 14, in which the staves a and b are placed in such a manner that they
have a small intermediate space between them and are lapping over, or not, at their
ends of the profiles turned towards the ceiling, the staves being held by fillets having a
trapezium shaped or other suitable cross section substantially as set forth and shown
in the drawing.
1000