Improvements in Hydraulic Rivetting Machines.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Oct., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 15th Nov., 1889-Accepted, 3rd May, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hydraulic Rivetting Machines.
I, CHARLES ALBERT PIAT, of 15 Rue des Halles, Paris, France, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for object improvements in hydraulic rivetting machines and bas
reference to rivetting machines in which the water which transmits the pressure
requisite for closing the rivet, is subjected to pressure on the machine itself, either by
manual power, or when the rivets are very large, by means of a motor.
Apparatus according to this invention comprises mechanical compression apparatus
fixed to the machine, and a special arrangement serving to bring the plates to be
rivetted into contact with each other, before the rivet is closed.
In the accompanying sheet of drawings
Fig. 1 is a vertical section on the axis of the die and of the compressing piston ;
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the whole machine with the exception of the mechanical
compression apparatus which is shown in section.
Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the upper portion of this mechanism,
Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the controlling mechanism and
Fig. 4 is a vertical section on the axis of the valves of the distributor E.
On the holding up die B are shown the plates A A' which are to be brought close
up to each other before the rivet R is closed. The closing die B is firmly held
by its holder U on the end of the piston rod or ram P, and is surrounded by a
solid casing E capable of longitudinal movement on the said rod. This movement is
controlled by means of a guide screw the lower end of which engages in a straight
groove h.
In the annular space resulting from the difference in the diameters of the casing E,
are arranged two cupped leather collars o o enclosing a tight chamber C, alternately
collapsible and incollapsible up to a certain pressure.
Water flows to this chamber
through two side tubes d d capable of a relative sliding movement by means of
stuffing boxes in the cylinders g g' (Figs. 2 and 3). This water is supplied at a
predetermined pressure regulating before hand by a valve k that is loaded with a
weighted lever through the medium of the rod or pin f (Fig. 4).
This valve lifts as soon as the predetermined pressure is exceeded, and the water
passing through flows back into the reservoir R¹ (Fig. 1).
Asssuming the parts of the machine to be in the position shown in the drawings,
the operation of the same is as follows:-
The valve c is lifted by means of the handle T acting upon the internal finger m;
the piston P is at the same time brought back to the end of its stroke to the right
by means of the hand wheel V upon the shaft of which is the pinion which engages
with the rack on the rod or ram of the piston P.
The result is firstly, that the water contained in the cylinder D passes freely past
the lifted valve e chamber c' and passage not shown into the reservoir R'; and
secondly that the casing E coming against the head of the cylinder D remains
stationary, whilst the die moves inwards and the chamber C increases in volume and
fills with water.
This water flowing past the valve e (Fig. 4) which is lifted by the pressure of
water in the vessel R₁ passes freely into the chamber C by the tube passage i the
valve e the passage and tubes d d'.
This operation is to be performed by hand, only when the compressing and reversing
mechanism has not itself performed it by returning the piston P right back to the
end of its stroke.

page_text: The machine having been brought into this position, the hand-wheel V is operated
by hand in the reverse direction to that previously set forth.
The piston P then moves to the left, and the water contained in the chamber C
being confined therein, because the valves e and K in the box F are then held closed
(Fig. 4) e by the pressure of the water, & K by its weight the casing E is thereby
rendered for the time being as oue with the piston P and its die B beyond which it
projects to the requisite extent and the whole arrangement moves together against
the plates A A¹ that are to be compressed. At the same time water flows freely
from the reservoir R' into the cylinder D through the passage & chamber e¹ past the
valve c which lifts by the suction.
The machine having thus been brought by hand into this second position, it is then
the time for the compression mechanism to act firstly to complete the thorough
bringing together of the plates A A' and then to effect the closing of the rivet.
By means of the lever Land the rod H (Figs. 3, 3) suspended from the end of
the upper lever I and at right angles thereto, the sliding har J is caused to shift the
belt on the loose pulley M on to the fixed pulley N whilst the other belt remains on
the loose pulley M.
The result is that by means of the bevel wheels K and L and the spur
wheels L, O the screw Vis rotated within its nut V2 and forces the plunger P1
into the cylinder D'. The plunger expels the water contained in the cylinder through
the tube G which communicates freely by means of the orifice a and the passage p
with the cylinder D.
There the compressed liquid begins by forcing forward the piston P until the
plates A A' are brought together, and the pressure necessary for that operation is
attained. At that moment the valve K (Fig. 4) lifts and the water compressed
to its maximum pressure in the chamber Cleaves this chamber which diminishes
in volume, and returns past this valve K (as indicated by arrows 2) into
passage i and through the pipe b into the reservoir R'. The compressed liquid driven
by the plunger P' continues to pass into D and consequently to drive the piston P
with a pressure increasing progressively in proportion to the resistance offered by the
rivet, to the die B which now slides forward within the casing E.
When the maximum closing pressure has been reached, the loaded valve S lifts and
the water passes into the reservoir R. The pressure cannot exceed the amount for
which the valve S is loaded.
When the operation has been thus effected, the lever I is operated to reverse the
direction of motion of the gearing, by shifting to the fixed pulley N' the belt
which was on the loose pulley M' which belt must be crossed, if the other one was
straight.
The plunger P¹ then ascends and the water in the cylinder D is drawn into the
cylinder D until the piston P returns to the position shown in Fig. 1, that is to say
at the end of its stroke.
At the commencement of this return movement, the die and its casing move
together, but as soon as the casing abuts against the head of the cylinder D it stops,
and the die enters the casing which serves as a receptacle for it. The chamber C
increases in volume by drawing in the requisite water which comes from the
reservoir Ras hereinbefore described.
Dated this 50th talion 1004
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hydraulic Rivetting Machines.
I, CHARLES ALBERT PIAT, of 15 Rue des Halles, Paris, France, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention has for object improvements in hydraulic rivetting machines and

page_text: has reference to rivetting machines in which the water which transmits the pressure
requisite for closing the rivet, is subjected to pressure on the machine itself, either by
manual power, or when the rivets are very large, by means of a motor.
Apparatus according to this invention comprises nechanical compression apparatus
fixed to the machine, and a special arrangement serving to bring the plates to be
rivetted into contact with each other, before the rivet is closed.
Referring to the drawings filed with my provisional specification:
Fig. 1 is a vertical section on the axis of the die and of the compressing
piston;
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the whole machine with the exception of the
mechanical compression apparatus which is shewn in section.
Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the upper portion of this mechanism.
Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the controlling mechanism and
Fig. 4 is a vertical section on the axis of the valves of the distributor E.
On the holding up die B are shown the plates A A' which are to be brought close
up to each other before the rivet R is closed. The closing die B is firmly held by
its holder U on the end of the piston.rol or ram P, and is surrounded by a solid
casing E capable of longitudinal movement on the said rod. This movement is
controlled by means of a guide screw the lower end of which engages in a straight
groove h.
In the annular space resulting from the difference in the diameters of the casing E,
are arranged two cupped leather collars o o enclosing a tight chamber C, alternately
collapsible and incollapsible up to a certain pressure.
Water flows to this chamber
through two side tubes d d capable of a relative sliding movement by means of
stuffing boxes in the cylinders g g (Figs. 2 and 3). This water is supplied at a
predetermined pressure regulated beforehand by a valve K that is loaded with a
weighted lever through the medium of the rod or pin ƒ (Fig. 4).
This valve lifts as soon as the predetermined pressure is exceeded, and the water
passing through flows back into the reservoir R¹ (Fig. 1).
Assuming the parts of the machine to be in the position shewn in the drawings,
the operation of the same is as follows:-
C
The valve c is lifted by means of the handle T acting upon the internal finger m;
the piston is at the same time brought back to the end of its stroke to the right
by means of the hand wheel V upon the shaft of which is the pinion which engages
with the rack on the rod or ram of the piston P.
The result is firstly, that the water contained in the cylinder D passes freely past
the lifted valve c chamber c', and passage not shown into the reservoir R¹; and
secondly that the casing E coming against the head of the cylinder D remains
stationary, whilst the die moves inwards and the chamber C increases in volume
and fills with water.
This water flowing past the valve e (Fig. 4) which was lifted by the pressure of
water in the vessel passes freely into the chamber C by the tube & the valve e the
passage i and tubes d d'
This operation is to be performed by hand, only when the compresssing and
reversing mechanism has not itself performed it by returning the piston P right
back to the end of its stroke.
The machine having been brought into this position the hand-wheel V is operated
by hand in the reverse direction to that previously set forth.
The piston P then moves to the left, and the water contained in the chamber C
being confined therein, because the valves e and K in the box F are then held closed
(Fig. 4) e by the pressure of the water, & K by its weight the casing E is thereby
rendered for the time being as one with the piston P and its die B beyond which it
projects to the requisite extent and the whole arrangement moves together against the
plates A A' that are to be compressed. At the same time water flows freely from the
reservoir R into the cylinder D through the passage & chamber past the valve c
which lifts by the suction.
The machine having thus been brought by hand into this second position, it is then

page_text: the time for the compression mechanism to act; firstly to complete the thorough
bringing together of the plates A A¹ and then to effect the closing of the
rivet.
By means of the lever L' and the rod H (Figs. 3, 3º) suspended from the end
of the upper lever I and at right angles thereto, the sliding bar Jis caused to shift the
belt on the loose pulley M on to the fixed pulley N whilst the other belt remains on
the loose pulley M¹.
The result is that by means of the bevel wheels K and L and the spur wheels L¹ O
the screw Vis rotated within its nut V2 and forces the plunger P into the
cylinder D¹. The plunger expels the water contained in the cylinder through the
tube G which communicates freely by means of the orifice a and the passage p with
the cylinder D.
There the compressed liquid begins by forcing forward the piston P until the
plates A A¹ are brought together, and the pressure necessary for that operation is
attained. At that moment the valve K (Fig. 4) lifts and the water compressed to its
maximum pressure in the chamber C leaves this chamber which diminishes in volume,
and returns past this valve K (as indicated by arrows (2) into passage i and through
the pipe into the reservoir R¹. The compressed liquid driven by the plunger Pi
continues to pass into D and consequently to drive the piston P with a pressure
increasing progressively in proportion to the resistance offered by the rivet, to the
die B which now slides forward within the casing E.
When the maximum closing pressure has been reached, the loaded valve S lifts and
the water passes into the reservoir R. The pressure cannot exceed the amount for
which the valve S is loaded.
When the operation has been thus effected, the lever L is operated to reverse the
direction of motion of the gearing, by shifting to the fixed pulley N¹ the belt which
was on the loose pulley M which belt must crossed, if the other one
straight.
was
The plunger P then ascends and the water in the cylinder D is drawn into the
cylinder D until the piston P returns to the position shown in Fig. 1 that is to say
at the end of its stroke.
At the commencement of this return movement, the die and its casing move
together, but as soon as the casing abuts against the head of the cylinder D it stops,
and the die enters the casing which serves as a receptacle for it. The chamber C
increases in volume by drawing in the requisite water which comes from the
reservoir R¹ as hereinbefore described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what is
claimed in a hydraulic rivetting machine is :-
1. The hereinbefore described mechanism for producing pressure water, fixed to the
machine, and comprising a plunger P₁ actuated by a rotating screw V₁ and moving
within a cylinder D' provided with a delivery pipe that communicates freely with the
cylinder D.
2. The distribution box F, comprising the tube which communicates freely
with the reservoir R', the valves e and K the latter being loaded by means of
a weighted lever; the two pipes & d' with a sliding joint between them or its
equivalent.
3. The casing E capable of independent movement relatively to the ram P in
combination with the die holder U and the annular chamber C.
4. The combination of the pressure producing mechanism, the distributing apparatus,
and the sliding casing E with its die and annular chamber, all substantially as
described.
1000