Pneumatic Wheels for Cycles, Cabs, and other Vehicles.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Apr., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Jan., 1893-Accepted, 25th Feb., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Pneumatic Wheels for Cycles, Cabs, and other Vehicles.
1, JOSEPH CASTLE HALL of 116 Mildmay Road, London N., Chartered
Accountant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to an air or pneumatic wheel constructed without ordinary
spokes or rim and more particularly to the air-wheels defined in the Patent granted
to me numbered 3968 and dated 5th March 1891.
I arrange a circular chamber, the walls whereof consist of layers of india-rubber
and non-expansive textile fabric or fabrics. Leather may also be used. The said
chamber I make of any suitable diameter and when filled with air it takes the
shape of a ring or tyre surrounding a centro-part of canvas or layers of canvas,
leather, or other suitable material such layers being either close together or at a
short distance apart. The said centre-part is stretched tightly by means of the air
within the said ring or tyre being compressed in the ordinary way with an air-
pump, the tendency of such compression being to enlarge the said ring or tyre.
The hubs of the wheel are secured in any suitable manner to the said centre-part
and on each side thereof or on one side only. The said centre-part may be any
convenient size, that is, it may either be greater or less in diameter than the said
hubs. Suitable strengthening bars or tubes of metal or other material may also be
arranged to reach beyond the said hubs towards the air-chamber surrounding them.
The bearings and axle are arranged in the ordinary way. The walls of the air-
chamber aforesaid may either be constructed of layers of india-rubber and canvas
separately from each other or amalgamated together, and when made separately
the interior tube or chamber of rubber may have two ends which when the said
tube is filled with compressed air meet together and act as if the tube were one
continuous ring or chamber. The construction of the said inner tube with two ends
is also applicable for pneumatic tyres other than the tyres or chambers used
in the construction of wheels made in accordance with this my said invention.
Dated this 20th day of April 1892.
J. CASTLE HALL.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Pneumatic Wheels for Cycles, Cabs, and other Vehicles.
I, JOSEPH CASTLE HALL' of 4, Alkham Road, Stoke Newington London, a
Chartered Accountant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:—
My invention relates to improvements in air or pneumatic wheels constructed
without ordinary spokes or rim, invented and protected under Letters Patent granted
to me dated the 5th March 1891 and numbered 3968.
I arrange a circular air-proof chamber the walls whereof consist of layers of
india-rubber and non-expansive textile fabric leather or other suitable material
(such layers being either separate from each other or amalgamated together) around
a centre-part of any suitable material so that the said chamber when filled with
compressed air or gas constitutes a ring; circular tyre; ball-wheel or air-ball
which after arranging a suitable axle through the same or at each side thereof
[Pries Hd 1

page_text: constitutes a wheel for purposes of locomotion for example for cycles, cabs,
perambulators; road carriages of all kinds, vehicles propelled by steam, electric
or other power, road skates or as rollers for the removal of heavy bodies et cetera.
In Fig. 1. of the annexed sectional drawings A is the air-chamber; B the centre
part C the axle within upon or attached to which may be ball or other bearings;
D, D are the hubs arising from the axle and of which either or both may be fixed
thereto or be screwed or otherwise secured thereon; E, E, are the walls of the
said air chamber; F, F, are bolts which secure the hubs or flanges together and
between which the said centre-part may be held.
In Fig. 2 of the annexed sectional drawing A is the air chamber; C the axle ;
DD the flanges; E, E, the walls of the air chamber; H, H, are bolts or stays
which may pass through tubular holes J, J, in the air chamber and which serve as
stays to the flanges.
The said bolts F, F, or H, H, may be arrayed at any desirable distance apart and
the tubular holes in Fig. 2 may be arranged at any suitable distance from the centre
of the wheel and may be several inches away from the edges of the flanges in
which case I arrange circular belts or rings of suitable metal at each side of
the wheel which belts are taken hold of by the said bolts or stays and thus
serve to make the wheel any desired thickness at the point where the said belts are
passed round.
I do not confine myself to any particular manner of securing the chamber A
Fig. 1 to the said centre-part B or to the flanges aforesaid. The same may be effected
without the use of the bolts F, F, for example by means of air pressure caused by
increasing the size of the bulb or lower part of the centre part B and making shorter
and more rigid flanges; or the said flanges may be arranged close together, at the
point where they leave the axle, and then take an outward course so that the two
combined form a hollow trough-like cavity for the reception of the said air chamber
which may be inserted within said cavity or between such flanges aforesaid either
by the removal of one of the latter or by arranging the walls of the air chamber
separately from each other as hereinbefore provided and arranging the outer non-
stretchable wall or jacket upon what is known as the wired-on principle as applied
to fixing pneumatic tyres upon rims of wheels now in use.
In either case the said centre part or part coming between the said flanges
is stretched tightly, and consequently holds firmly in its place, by inflating the
air chamber tyre or pneumatic ring such inflation tending to enlarge the said
chamber.
In constructing these wheels for rollers for the removal of heavy bodies I do
not necessarily pass any axle through the air chamber but allow the latter to form
a spherical shape and the same not requiring any axle it is used as a ball of air.
Such air-balls or ball-wheels may also be used as wheels for general purposes afore-
said after providing pivot at each side as described in Fig. 1 of my Specification
of 5th March 1891 before mentioned.
The said walls when made separately from each other may consist of an inner
chamber of rubber, a surrounding jacket or jackets of canvas or like material
and an outer covering or partial covering of rubber of any degree of thickness
or shape.
The tubular holes before mentioned or the tubular hole in Fig. 2 through
which the axle passes through the air chamber may consist of walls either similar
to the other parts of the air chamber or of some of them for example the canvas
jacket need not be continued through the said tubular holes. The air chamber
is filled with air by means of an ordinary air pump in any desirable manner or
place.
The canvas jacket aforesaid may be laced up after the manner of a football in
any suitable place or places for example the flanges D, D, Fig. 2 or one of them
may be inserted through slits in the sides or side of the said canvas jacket and such
slits then laced up before inflation of the air-chamber.

page_text: Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is ;-
(1) An air or pneumatic wheel substantially as hereinbefore described and set
5 forth or any mere variation from or modification of the same as applicable for
cycles cabs or carriages perambulators vehicles propelled by steam electric or other
motive power; road-skates, or as rollers for the removal of heavy bodies or for
similar purposes.
Dated this 20th day of January 1802
J. CASTLE HALL.