Improvements in Apparatus for Rolling Railway Carriage Wheels Wheel Centres and Flanged Tyres.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, Tuin Jan., 1897
Complots Specification Inft 12th Cant
4037
201
1000
Date of Application, 12th Jan., 1897
Complete Specification Loft, 13th Sept.,
4037
Accepted, 99th Oct., 189
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Rolling Railway Carriage Wheels
Wheel Centres and Flanged Tyres.
We, EDWARD ROBERTS, Foreman Smith, 10 Orbiston Street, and JOHN DAVIES,
Smith, 49. Miller Street, both of Motherwell, Lanarkshire, do hereby declare the
nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to apparatus designed especially for rolling out railway
carriage wheels from solid billets of iron or mild steel but which is applicable
also for rolling out wheel centres or wheels without tyres and also flanged tyres.
The apparatus is composed of a framing in which is carried a central roller of
cup shape upon a vertical rotating spindle, and having disposed radially around it
a number of rollers on horizontal axes, there being preferably four rollers arranged
in two pairs in the form of a cross around the central vertical roller and carried
in suitable bearings in the bed of the framing. The upper part of the machine
frame is formed by side standards and a cross beam or girder as in an ordinary
rolling mill; and under the cross beam two rollers are fitted immediately over
and with their axis in the same vertical plane as the axis of one of the pairs of
under rollers. The upper rollers are fitted to run loosely upon separate axles,
jointed at the centre, so that they may not only be raised and lowered by screws
passing down from the overhead beam, but may be lowered at the centre first and
thereafter at their outer ends. Disposed around these rollers and centred on vertical
studs or spindles in a circular row on the bed of the machine are a number of small
guide rollers, one or more of which on each side may be rotated by gearing whilst
the others merely serve as guides around the periphery or tyre of the wheel being
rolled. The several rolls are turned to such contours that when brought together
in the position they occupy in rolling out the wheel, a vertical section through the
rolls will show a space between them corresponding to the section of the wheel
rolled out by them, the nave, hub or boss of the wheel being formed by the centrai
vertical cup roll, the web between the upper and lower horizontal rolls and the
flange or tyre between these latter rolls and the outer row of small vertical rollers.
The rolls may be interchangeable so that practically anty shape or size of wheel
may be rolled in the machine.
In the operation of the machine a heated billet of iron or steel is placed in the
cup of the central vertical roll, a removable spindle with or without a shaping
disc or flange being passed through a hole in the billet and suspended from the
axle of the upper or movable horizontal rolls to form an eye in the boss or nave.
The billet is gradually pressed out by lowering the top rolls so that it first fills
up the
cup in the central roll to form the boss and then spreads out to form the web
of the wheel, pressure being applied first at the centre for that purpose. Then as
the top rolls are lowered towards the ends the metal is forced outwards to fill the
space between the horizontal rolls at their outer ends and the vertical guide rolls,
until the outer ends of the horizontal rolls meet the upper ends of the vertical
guide rolls, which point coincides with the periphery of the finished wheel whose

page_text: tyre is formed by suitably shaping the outer ends of the horizontal rolls and the
vertical guide rolls. When the wheel is thus rolled out, the upper rolls are raised
and the wheel is lifted by means of the centre spindle, which after removal of the
finished wheel from the machine is driven out.
The raising and lowering of the upper rolls may be effected by hand screws
or by hydraulic pressure or other means, but by preference screws are used and
they are or may be operated by gearing from the gear which drives the lower rolls.
When only a wheel centre is to be rolled without a tyre the rollers are shaped
to suit the altered form of the finished article, the billet being placed as above
described on the central vertical roll. When a tyre alone is to be rolled the billet
is first punched or pressed into ring form, and laid over the horizontal rolls or
between them and the outer vertical circular row of guide rolls which are shaped
to the contour of the finished tyre.
100%
Improvements in Apparatus for Rolling Railway Carriage Wheels,
Wheel Centres and Flanged Tyres.
We, EDWARD ROBERTS, Foreman Smith, 10 Orbiston Street, and JOHN DAVIES,
Smith, 49 Miller Street, both of Motherwell, Lanarkshire, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
This Invention relates to apparatus designed especially for rolling out railway
wheels from solid billets of iron or mild steel but which is applicable also for
rolling out wheel centres or wheels without tyres and also flanged tyres.
The Invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawings,"
Fig. 1 being a vertical section,
Fig. 2 a horizontal section on the line -, Fig. 1, and
Fig. 3 an end view of the apparatus for rolling railway carriage wheels, wheel
centres and flanged tyres.
Fig. 4 is a view of a detail used when the flanged tyre only is being rolled.
The apparatus is composed of a framing or bed A on which is carried a central:
roll of cup shape upon a vertical rotating spindle, and having disposed radially
around it a number of rolls B, B1, B2, B3, on horizontal axes, or the central roll
may be dispensed with and the cup be formed as shewn by the ends
of the horizontal rolls abutting against a central vertical hollow
bracket C which carries the inner ends of the rolls. There are preferably four
rolls B, B1, B2, B3, arranged in two pairs in the form of a cross around the central
vertical bracket C and carried in suitable bearings at their outer ends in a ring D
supported by cross beams I¹ from the standards E of the framing. The upper
part of the machine frame is formed by the side standards E and a cross beam or
beams F, F, as in an ordinary rolling mill; and under the lower cross beam two
rolls G, G¹, are fitted immediately over and with their axis in the same vertical
plane as the axis of the pair of under rolls B, B³. The upper rolls G, G¹, are
fitted to run loosely upon separate axles H, jointed at the centre on a stud H¹
carried by a screw H³, the outer ends of the axles being also jointed to screws H³,
all of which pass down through the beams F, F', so that the rolls G, G¹, may not

page_text: are a
only be raised and lowered, but may be lowered at the centre first
and thereafter at their outer ends. Disposed around the lower hori-
zontal rolls B, B1, B2, B3, and centred onl vertical studs or spindles I,
I, I, 13, in a circular row on
machine
the ring D of the
number of small guide rolls, J, J, J, J3, two of which, J, J2, are preferably.
formed of two parts resting upon each other as shewn; all of these rolls may be
rotated by gearing as shewn or one or more of which on each side may be thus
rotated whilst the others merely serve as guides around the periphery or tyre of
the wheel being rolled.
The several rolls together constitute eight pairs of rolls taken as follows:-Each
of the rolls J, J2, because of its two portions is in itself a pair, whilst the four hori-
zontal rolls B, B1, B2, B3, constitute pairs with the rolls J, J, J, J³, and the
rolls G, G', form pairs with the rolls J, J. The rolls are turned to such contours
that when brought together in the position they occupy in rolling out the wheel
as shewn by the dotted lines, Fig. 1, a vertical section through the rolls will snew
a space between them corresponding to the section of the wheel rolled out by
them, the nave, hub, or boss of the wheel being formed by the central vertical
bracket C and the ends of the upper horizontal rolls G, G', and the lower horizontal
rolls B, B1, B2, B3, or by the central vertical cup roll, when such is used, the web
between the body of the upper and lower horizontal rolls G, G¹, and B, B1, B2, B3,
and the flange or tyre between the outer neck of these latter rolls and the outer
row of small vertical rolls J, J, J2, J3. The rolls may be interchangeable so that
practically any shape or size of wheel may be rolled in the machine.
In the operation of the machine a heated billet of iron or steel is placed in
the cup of the central vertical roll or upon the upper end of the central bracket C,
a removable spindle or punch K with or without a shaping disc or flange being
passed through a hole in the billet and suspended from the axle of
the upper
or movable horizontal rolls to form an eye in the billet.
The spindle K also passes down into and is guided by the hollow
central bracket C up through which a stream of water to cool the punch passes,
the water escaping by the bearings in the bracket C. The billet is gradually
pressed out by lowering the top rollers G, G¹, so that it first fills up the cup in the
central roll or the cup formed by the inner ends of the horizontal rolls and the
end of the bracket C to form the boss and then spreads out to form the web of
the wheel, pressure being applied first at the centre in order to press up the boss.
Then as the top rolls G, G¹, are lowered towards the outer ends the metal is forced
outwards to fill the space between the horizontal rolls G, G¹, and B, B1, B2, B3, at
their outer ends and the vertical guide rolls J, J1, J2, J3, until the outer ends of
the upper horizontal rolls G, G¹, meet the upper ends of the vertical guide
rolls J, J, J, J, which point coincides with the periphery of the finished wheel
whose tyre is formed by suitably shaping the outer ends of the horizontal
rolls B, B1, B2, B3 and G, G¹, and the vertical guide rolls J, J1, J2, J³. When the
wheel is thus rolled out, the upper rolls G, G¹, are raised and the wheel is lifted
by means of the central spindle K which after removal of the finished wheel from
the machine is driven out.
The raising and lowering of the upper rolls may be effected by hand screws or
by hydraulic pressure or other means but by preference screws are used and they
are or may be operated by gearing from the gear which drives the lower rolls.
As shewn by the drawings the screws H2, H3, are fitted with worm wheels L, L¹, L³,
which rotate between the beams F, F, and act as nuts to traverse the screws
vertically, these worm wheels being driven by worms L3, L4, L5, on a shaft capable
of having its direction of rotation reversed, said worms being loose upon the shaft
and clutched thereto at the proper times by clutches Q, the inner clutch being
operated by a different lever from that which operates the two end clutches. When
only a wheel centre is to be rolled without a tyre the rolls are shaped to suit the
altered form of the finished article, the billet being placed as above described on
the central vertical cup roll or on the bracket C. When a tyre alone is to be

page_text: .
rolled the billet is first punched or pressed into ring form, as shewn at a, Fig. 4,
and a frame M, such as shewn at Fig. 4, capable of movement by means of a
screw N to bring the ring shaped billet against the outer vertical circular row of
guide rolls J, J, Ja, J3, which are shaped to the contour of the finished tyre, a
roll P carried on the frame M forming the inner periphery of the tyre.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is: -
1. The improved apparatus for rolling railway carriage wheels, wheel centres,
and flanged tyres constructed and arranged to operate substantially as described. 1
2. In apparatus for rolling railway carriage wheels, wheel centres and flanged
tyres, the combination of horizontal rolls B, B1, B2, B3, in the form of a cross, guide
rolls J, J, J, J3, situated in proximity to the outer ends of the horizontal rolls
and upper rolls G, G, capable of having their inner ends lowered first in order to
press up the boss of the wheel and gradually spread the metal out to fill the space
formed by the outer ends of the horizontal rolls and the guide rolls substantially
as described.
Dated this 10th dors of Candroulion 1007
WALLACE FAIRWEATHER,
Of the Firm of Cruikshank & Fairweather,
Chartered Patent Agents,
62 Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agent for the Applicants.