Improvements in Cocks and Valves for Controlling the Flow of Liquids.
Year: 1886

page_text: Improvements in Cocks and Valves for Controlling the Flow of
Liquids.
1, JOSEPH BEVERLEY FENBY, of Sutton Coldfield, in the County of Warwick, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
COCKS AND VALVES FOR CONTROLLING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS" to be as follows:-
My present Invention relates to the classes of cocks and valves for which Letters
Patent numbered 5335 of the year 1883 were granted to me.
The first object of my invention is to prevent continuous waste of water or other
liquid when cocks are left fully or partly open by design or negligence; and to effect
this object by means of appliances which cannot be tampered with from the outside of
the cock and to provide that the appliances which prevent continuous waste shall not
interfere with the turning on and off of the cock in the ordinary manner.
The second object is to construct ball cocks and water cocks generally with self-
closing valves moving with the least possible amount of friction, not liable to stick
fast, and operating without shock or vibration.
The third object is to construct water cocks which shall deliver fixed quantities of
water for certain purposes.
I shall describe the construction and action of all the types of cocks and valves
included in this specification as used for water; but the same types may be used for
other liquids.
In the accompanying drawings Fig. I shews a vertical section of a waste preventing
watercock carrying into effect the first object stated.
A is the fixed body of the cock, of which the part A¹ is a true cylinder, hereafter
called the hydraulic cylinder. In the hydraulic cylinder the hydraulic valve B works
freely.
The hydraulic valve carries the ball valve (, truly centred in the conical hollow
shewn.
The hydraulic valve B closes on to the cylindrical seat D. At the upper end of the
hydraulic cylinder is the double rubber seat E. Above this seat E is the pet valve F
'

page_text: pressed upon by the spring G. H is the outlet valve. I is a screw operated by the
nut J. The nut J is turned by a key fitted on to the square J. The nut J is carried
by the angle plate K.
Attached to the screw I is the tubular case L.
valve H.
L has a bar for operating the
turning of the nut J raises the
The valve B immediately rises off
The action of this cock is as follows. When the
screw I, the pet valve F is raised off the seat E.
the seat D, and carries up the ball valve to the position shewn by the dotted
circle C¹.
The ball valve thus closes the seat. E, and the hydraulic valve begins slowly to
descend. But the raising of the screw I raises the tubular case L and so causes the
bar to lift the valve H. The water then runs through the seat D and past the
valve H. When the nut J is turned back, the valve H closes and shuts off the water
at the will of the operator; and the pet valve F presses on the seat E and causes the
ball valve to drop.
Should the operator neglect to turn back the nut J, the ball valve remains at (
and the hydraulic valve in due course closes on to D and shuts off the water,
although E remains open. Thus the time of the descent of the hydraulic valve B is
the measure of the maximum quantity of water which can be drawn for each operation
of the nut J.
Fig. II shews a vertical section of a cock for flushing water closets and other
purposes where a fixed quantity of water is required.
The body A, hydraulic valve B, ball valve C, seat D, double seat E, and pet valve F
with spring G fulfil similar functions to those already described.
The tubular case I and the outlet valve H are dispensed with, and the cock is
operated by the lever M.
When the lever M raises the pet valve F, the hydraulic valve rises and carries up
the ball valve C to the position C¹.
The water will then run until the hydraulic valve closes on to the seat D, whether
the pet valve be held open or allowed to close on to the seat E, and therefore a fixed
quantity of water is discharged at each operation irrespective of the will of the
operator to augment or lessen such quantity.
Fig. III is a vertical section shewing the passage t between the ports t¹ and t² for
allowing the water expelled through the seat E to escape. Figs. IV and V are cross
sections of Fig. III on the lines wx and y z. Fig. VI is an elevation of the hydraulic
valve and ball valve.
Fig. VII shews a vertical section of a cock also intended to deliver a fixed quantity
of water by the action of the pet valve, hydraulic valve, and ball valve.
In this case the spring G holds the pet valve away from the seat E.
The pet valve must be pressed down upon E, to drop the ball valve C, and then
released to cause the water to flow. This cock is suitable for flushing closets and
urinals by the operation of the scat, door, or step.
Fig. VIII shews a vertical section, and Fig. IX a plan of a water cock which is
operated by pressing on the button N. The pet valve F closes against the underside
of the seat E and is held up by the spring G. The cock will allow water to run as
long as pressure on the button N is maintained.
Fig. shews a vertical section, and Fig. XI a plan of a screw down cock.
The hydraulic valve acts as already described, but its motion is partly under the
control of the operator.
The pet valve is operated by the screw shewn, and a spindle o on the pet valve
regulates the lift of the hydraulic valve. So long as the pet valve remains open water
passes. Metal stops prevent the pet valve from being screwed down with too great
pressure on to the seat E. The spindle o is not long enough to press the hydraulic
valve on to its seat.
Fig. XII shews a ball cock in vertical section. Fig. XIII is a plan of the same
without the levers, and Fig. XIV is a plan of one of the levers. The hydraulic valve
acts as already described.

page_text: The pet valve action is obtained as follows. The rubber pis carried by the weighted
lever Q, and closes the passage 7. The lever S is operated by a floating ball in the
ordinary way. The movements of the lever S affect the lever Q, and open or close the
passage r. By this arrangement the fluctuations of the water level in the tank cannot
injure the rubber p, which can only receive the pressure of Q.
To prevent shock or vibration when the hydraulic valve closes, a reduced portion of
this valve enters the seat D, and nearly shuts off the water before the final closing of
the valve. Also the bore of the hydraulic cylinder is slightly contracted at the lower
end, and the descent of the hydraulic valve is thereby caused to be very slow at the
moment of closing.
These safeguards against shock or vibration are used in all the cocks shewn.

page_text: in Cocks and valves for Controlling the Flow
of Liquids.
I, JOSEPH BEVERLEY FENBY, of Sutton Coldfield, in the County of Warwick, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My present invention relates to the classes of cocks and valves for which Letters
Patent numbered 5335 of the year 1883 were granted to me.
The first object of my invention is to prevent continuous waste of water or other
liquid when cocks are left fully or partly open by design or negligence; and to
effect this object by means of appliances which cannot be tampered with from the
outside of the cock and to provide that the appliances which prevent continuous
waste shall not interfere with the turning on and off of the cock in the ordinary
manner.
The second object is to construct ball cocks and water cocks generally with self-
closing valves moving with the least possible amount of friction, not liable to stick
fast, and operating without shock or vibration.
The third object is to construct water cocks which shall deliver fixed quantities of
water for certain purposes.
I shall describe the construction and action of all the types of cocks and valves
included in this specification as used for water; but the same types may be used for
other liquids.
The drawings accompanying the Provisional specification are referred to throughout
this Complete Specification. Fig. I shews a vertical section of a waste preventing
water cock carrying into effect the first object stated.
A is the fixed body of the cock, of which the part A¹ is a true cylinder, hereafter
called the hydraulic cylinder. In the hydraulic cylinder the hydraulic valve B works
freely. The hydraulic valve carries the ball valve C, truly centred in the conical
hollow shown.
The hydraulic valve B closes on to the cylindrical seat D. At the upper end of the
hydraulic cylinder is the double rubber seat E. Above this seat E is the pet valve F,
pressed upon by the spring G. His the outlet valve. I is a screw operated by
the nut J. The nut J is turned by a key fitted on to the square J. The nut J is
carried by the angle plate K. Attached to the screw I is the tubular case L. L has
a bar for operating the valve H.

page_text: The action of this cock is as follows. When the turning of the nut J raises the
screw I, the pet valve F is raised off the seat E. The valve B immediately rises off
the seat D, and carries up the ball valve C to the position shewn by the dotted circle
C. The ball valve thus closes the seat E, and the hydraulic valve begins slowly to
descend. But the raising of the screw I raises the tubular case L and so causes the
bar to lift the valve H. The water then runs through the seat D and past the
valve H. When the nut J is turned back, the valve H closes and shuts off the water
at the will of the operator; and the pet valve F presses on the seat E and causes the
ball valve C to drop. Should the operator neglect to turn back the nut J, the ball
valve remains at C and the valve in due course closes on to D and shuts off the water,
although H remains open. Thus the time of the descent of the hydraulic valve B is
the measure of the maximum quantity of water which can be drawn for each operation
of the nut J.
Fig. I shews a vertical section of a cock for flushing water closets and other
purposes where a fixed quantity of water is required. The body A, hydraulic valve B,
ball valve C, seat D, double seat E, and pet valve F with spring G fulfil similar
functions to those already described. The tubular case I, and the outlet valve H are
dispensed with, and the cock is operated by the lever M. When the lever M raises
the pet valve F, the hydraulic valve rises and carries up the ball valve C to the
position ( The water will then run until the hydraulic valves closes on to the
seat D, whether the pet valve he held open or allowed to close on to the seat E, and
therefore a fixed quantity of water is discharged at each operation irrespective of the
will of the operator to augment or lessen such quantity.
Fig. III. is a vertical section shewing the passage t between the ports t¹ and ³ for
allowing the water expelled through the scat E to escape.
Figs. IV and V are cross sections of Fig. III on the lines wa and y 3.
Fig. VI is an elevation of the hydraulic valve and ball valve. Fig. VII. shews a
vertical section of a cock also intended to deliver a fixed quantity of water by the
action of the pet valve, hydraulic valve, and ball valve. In this case the spring G
holds the pet valve away from the seat E. The pet valve must be pressed down
upon E, to drop the ball valve C, and then released to cause the water to flow. This
cock is suitable for flushing closets and urinals by the operation of the seat, door, or
step. Fig. VIII shews a vertical section, and Fig. IX a plan of a water cock which
is operated by pressing on the button N. The pet valve F closes against the under
side of the scat E and is held up by the spring G. The cock will allow water to run
as long as pressure on the button N is maintained. Fig. X shews a vertical section,
and Fig. XI a plan of a screw down cock. The hydraulic valve acts as already
described, but its motion is partly under the control of the operator. The pet valve
is operated by the screw shewn, and a spindle O on the pet valve regulates the lift of
the hydraulic valve. So long as the pet valve remains open water passes. Metal
stops prevent the pet valve from being screwed down with too great pressure on
to the seat E.
P
The spindle O is not long enough to press the hydraulic valve on to its seat.
Fig. XII shows a ball cock in vertical section. Fig. XIII is a plan of the same
without the levers, and Fig. XIV is a plan of one of the levers. The hydraulic valve
acts as already described. The pet valve action is obtained as follows. The rubber
is carried by the weighted lever Q, and closes the passage r. The lever S is operated
by a floating ball in the ordinary way. The movements of the lever S affect the
lever Q, and open or close the passage r. By this arrangement the fluctuations of
the water level in the tank cannot injure the rubber p, which can only receive the
pressure of Q.
To prevent shock or vibration when the hydraulic valve closes, a reduced portion
of this valve enters the seat D, and nearly shuts off the water before the final closing
of the valve. Also the bore of the hydraulic cylinder is slightly contracted at the
lower end, and the descent of the hydraulic valve is thereby caused to be very slow
at the moment of closing. These safeguards against shock or vibration are used in
all the cocks shown.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is
1. The waste preventing water cock shewn in Fig. I.
2. The combination of the ball valve C with the valve F and seat E in
Figs. I and II.
3. The tubular case L in Fig. 1.
4. The water cock shewn in Figs. LI, III, IV, V and VI.
5. The water cock shewn in Fig. VII.
6. The water cock shewn in Figs. VIII and IX.
7. The water cock shewn in Figs. X and XI.
8. The ball cock shewn in Figs. XII, XIII and XIV.
9. The reduced portion of the hydraulic valve which partly shuts off the water
before the final closing of the valve.
10. Contracting the bore of the hydraulic cylinder at the lower end for the purpose
set forth.
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