Improvements in or relating to the Extraction of Fats, Oils, Resins, Sulphur, Colours, Tanning Materials, and the like, by Means of Volatile Solvents, and Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 28th July, 1896-Accepted, 3rd Oct., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Extraction of Fats, Oils, Resins,
Sulphur, Colours, Tanning Materials, and the like, by Means of
Volatile Solvents, and Apparatus therefor.
I, JOSEF MERZ of Brünn, in the Province of Moravia and Empire of Austria,
Technical Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The object of the present invention is an improved process for the extraction
of fats, oils, resins, sulphur, and colours, tanning materials and so forth, by means
of benzine, bisulphide of carbon alcohol and the like. The principle of the
invention consists in preventing the condensation of the steam within the material
to be extracted which condensation occurs on the removal of the last traces of the
solvent from the extracted material by means of steam.
The object in view is attained essentially by treating the extracted material
firstly with vapour of the solvent heated to above 100° Centigrade and subsequently
with steam. The superheated vapour of the solvent removes all fluid remnants of
Bolvent which may be still remaining amongst the extracted material and completely
permeates the said material with hot vapour at above 100°. The hot vapour is
then driven into the condenser by means of steam without permitting any con-
densation to occur amongst the extracted material. The treatment with
superheated vapour of the solvent may be carried out preferably by means of a
heating coil arranged at the bottom of the extraction reservoir, through which coil
superheated or high pressure steam is passed after the ending of the extraction
process. Through the heat of the steam coil the solvent above the same will be
converted into vapour of over 100° Centigrade which acts as above described. The
accompanying drawing illustrates in vertical section, an apparatus for carrying out
the improved process. The material to be extracted is placed in the receptacle b
through the man hole a. After this the solvent is allowed to flow into b from the
condenser c through the tube d.
As soon as the solvent has risen sufficiently high up, it flows through the tube c,
to the bottom of the surrounding vessel f, and is here again evaporated by means
of the heating coil g. The vapours rise between the walls of the vessels b and f,
heating the contents of b, and condense at the worm h. The condensed solvent
flows back to b extracts the material further and flows again through e to f. This
circular process is repeated until a sample drawn off through the cock i, shews that
the exhaustion of the material to be extracted is complete. The condensing water
is then shut off from h, and steam of over 100° Centigrade, allowed to flow into the
heating coil k. After the material to be extracted has been completely freed from
all fluid the vapour of the solvent contained in the same is driven over by means
of steam in the well known manner.
The steam and the vapour of the solvent are condensed in the condenser
extract obtained is finally drawn off through the cock l.
C,
the
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. The improved process for the extraction of fats oils resins, sulphur,
boloure tanning materiale and on fouth h
of benzine bisulphide of carbon

page_text: alcohol and the like characterized by the treating of the extracted material firstly,
with the vapour of the solvent heated to above 100° Centigrade and subsequently
driving off the last remains of the solvent by treatment with steam for the purpose
of preventing condensation of the steam in the extracted material.
Second. The apparatus for the carrying out of the process set forth in Claim 1,
consisting essentially of the heating coil k, arranged at the bottom of the extracting
vessel b.
Third. The combination of parts forming the apparatus hereinbefore set forth,
consisting of an extracting vessel b, provided at the bottom with a heating coil k,
and a vessel surrounding the same, which is provided at the bottom with a
heating coil g, and at the top above the extracting vessel with a condensing
worm, and connected with the extracting vessel by means of a tube e, substantially
as described and with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Dated July 28th 1896.
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
322, High Holborn, London, W.C., Agents.