Improvements in Ruling Machines.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Mar., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 10th Dec., 1891-Accepted, 10th Mar., 1892
DIONAL DIEVITRATION
Improvements in Ruling Machines.
We, FRIEDRICH FÖRSTE and HERMANN TROMм, of the firm of Förste & Tromm,
Manufacturers of Ruling Machines, of 22, Nurnberger-strasse, Leipzig, in the
Kingdom of Saxony, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to machines for ruling sheets of paper, and more particularly
to roller ruling-machines.
One of its objects is to construct the machine in such a manner, that the ruling
may be performed with or without an endless cloth or apron.
The said endless apron serves firstly to regulate or control the travel of the
sheets to be ruled, and secondly, to keep the cylinder free from colouring matter.
If an apron is employed, it passes over several guide rollers placed so, that the
path taken by the sheets differs partly from that of the endless apron, the apron, at
certain parts of its travel, passing over one roller, while the sheets travel over
another roller or pair of rollers.
The second feature of novelty consists in the fact, that on the ruling discs being
lifted off the sheet to be ruled, the contact between these discs and the colouring
roller ceases; the object being to avoid the defect common in ordinary machines,
that closely ruled lines (as used for the heading of papers) tend to run together as
soon as the discs are removed from the paper, because the colour continually
supplied to the discs cannot be used.
The third feature of novelty is the facility for exchanging the dogs or projecting
studs, which serve to lift off the ruling discs, at any desired part of the grooved
disc (made of a suitable shape) and their application in pairs in a groove, even for
the shortest interruptions or blanks, which can consequently be regulated at ease as
may be required.
In the machines commonly used, the dogs or studs serving to produce the said
intervals or blanks, are provided with screws and dove-tailed nuts, and could only
be fixed at a definite part of the grooved disc, nor is it practicable to use two dogs
in one groove for short intervals or blanks, the blank being only produced by means
of a dog or stud of definite length depending on the length of the interval.
The fourth feature of novelty consists in the easy regulation or production of a
uniform start after the interruption of double or triple lines.
In the machines commonly known, it was necessary, in case the ruling rollers did
not start or stop correctly, to shift the dog or stud accordingly, thereby wasting
much time.
In our new machine this work is avoided by providing an excentric sleeve or
bushing to the roller which serves to lift off the ruling roller, the latter being
shifted to the right or to the left and thereby the beginning and the end of the
interval regulated with rapidity and precision.
For lifting the ruling discs off the colouring roller, when they are lifted off the
printing cylinder, we mount the bearing of the ruling roller excentrically to the
axle of the colouring roller.
The dogs or studs serving to lift off the ruling discs are provided with slanting
or wedge-shaped faces and secured to the grooved disc or drum by means of a
suitably shaped wedge provided with a set screw adapted to press the oblique face
of the wedge against the correspondingly oblique face of the said dog, thus securing
the same in the groove by friction. For removing the dog, in order to fix it at
another part of the circularly curved groove, it is necessary to release the said set
screw.

page_text: The mechanism for producing the blanks, chiefly comprising two sets of levers,
an excentric bushing, a friction roller mounted on an axle carried by two of the said
levers, and a grooved disc or drum provided with adjustable dogs adapted to come
into contact with the said friction roiler, exists only on one side of the machine, but
the bearing for the axle of the ruling roller, together with its accessory mechanism,
is arranged in duplicate for each colouring apparatus, that is, one on each side of
the machine.
At every change of work the necessary adjustments, such as the regulation
of the pressure of the ruling discs on the paper, may be made from one side of the
machine.
Dated this 10th day of March 1891
FAIRFAX & WETTER,
433, Strand, London, Agents to the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ruling Machines.
We, FRIEDRICH FORSTE and HERMANN TROMM, of the firm of Förste & Tromm,
Manufacturers of Ruling Machines, of 22, Nurnberger-strasse, Leipzig, in the
Kingdom of Saxony, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to machines for ruling sheets of paper, and more particularly
to roller ruling machines.
One of the improvements has for its object, to construct the machine in such a
manner, that the ruling may be performed with or without an endless cloth or
apron.
The said endless apron serves, firstly, to regulate or control the travel of the
sheets to be ruled, and secondly, to keep the cylinder free from colouring matter.
If an apron is employed, it passes over several guide rollers placed so, that the
path taken by the sheets differs partly from that of the endless apron, the apron at
certain parts of its travel, passing over one roller or pair of rollers, while the sheets
travel over another roller or pair of rollers.
The second feature of novelty consists in the fact, that on the ruling discs being
lifted off the sheet to be ruled, the contact between these discs and the inking
roller ceases; the object being, to avoid the defect common in ordinary machines,
that closely ruled lines (as used for the heading of papers) tend to run together as
soon as the discs are removed from the paper, because the ink continually supplied
to the discs cannot be used.
The third feature of novelty is the facility for exchanging the dogs or projecting
studs, which serve to lift off the ruling discs, at any desired part of the grooved
disc (made of a suitable shape) and their application in pairs in a groove, even for
the shortest interruptions or blanks, which can consequently be regulated at ease as
may be required.
In the machines commonly used, the dogs or studs serving to produce the said
intervals or blanks, are provided with screws and dove-tailed nuts, and could only
be fixed at a definite part of the grooved disc, nor is it practicable, to use two dogs
in one groove for short intervals or blanks, the blank being only produced by a dog
or stud of definite length depending on the length of the interval.
The fourth feature of novelty consists in the easy production of a uniform start
after the interruption of double or triple lines.
In the machines commonly known, it was necessary, in case the ruling rollers did
not start or stop correctly, to shift the dog or stud accordingly, thereby wasting
much time.
In our new machine, this work is avoided by providing an eccentric sleeve or
bushing for the revolving cam which serves to lift off the ruling roller, the said

page_text: sleeve being shifted to the right or to the left and thereby the beginning and the
end of the interval or blank regulated with rapidity and precision.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. I is a vertical transverse section of a machine embodying our invention,
this figure showing the general construction of the machine, but especially the
arrangement of the inking devices around the cylinder, and the course of the endless
apron.
Figs. II to VII represent details of construction on a large scale. As shown by
Fig. II, the ruler axle is held in a pair of bearings g arranged on the right and left
side of the machine, each bearing being adapted to oscillate on a stud E. As shown
by Fig. VII, the bearing of this stud is eccentric to the ink roller x, so that on
the bearing being lifted by means of the lever h mounted on shafts, the ruling
discs y are placed out of contact with the ink-roller x.
g
This excentric position has the advantage, that, in the raised condition of the
bearing g, and if the machine continues to turn, as is necessary for the production
of broken lines, closely ruled lines (as used for the heading of papers) will not flow
into each other.
For raising and lowering the ruler-axle, together with discs y, we employ a pair
of cams or lifting arms placed underneath the bearings g of the ruler axle.
These cams are rigidly attached to the shafts and begin to operate, as soon as
the said shaft is set in motion either by hand or by the mechanism of the
machine.
For interrupting the lines at will, we employ the mechanism illustrated by
Fig. IV, which is situated at the end of the shafts and only on one side of the
machine.
In front of the lever k, rigidly connected with the shaft s, there is mounted on
the said shaft s an excentric sleeve o. This sleeve carries another sleeve, adapted
to turn thereon, and provided with two arms l, which carry the fulcrum or axle t
of the lifting roller r. One of the said arms has a flattened extremity or a plate !
and is pressed against a set screw q fixed in the lever k, by means of a helical
spring . Another set screw n, likewise held in the lever k, rests against a stud m
fixed to the machine frame, and thereby limits the down motion of the levers land k,
and of the friction roller r.
If it is desired, to produce broken lines, we employ the grooved disc v mounted
on the prolonged cylinder axle. The lifting dogs u secured in the first, second or
third groove of the disc e, (Figs. VI and VIII) and arranged in pairs (placed in
the same groove) come into contact with the lifting roller r (Fig. IV) during the
revolution of the disc or drum v, and thereby lift the lever 1, which now turns the
shaft s.
The lifting roller can be shifted along the bolt t, and thereby arranged to act
on the dogs u of the first, second, or third groove of the drum v.
Consequently, the lifting rollers of each inking apparatus may come into contact
with all the lifting dogs of a groove, or each roller may be set in motion inde-
pendently of the other, by the lifting dogs u of the first, or the second, or the third
groove only.
Now, as the said dogs u are supplied in various lengths, and may be used in
pairs in each groove of the drum and at any desired part of each groove, they
may serve to produce a great variety of broken lines.
After one of the said dogs u has been placed at the desired part of the groove or
circumference, it is secured in position by means of a wedge, provided with a
screw w, as shown by Fig. VI.
For adjusting minute differences or inequalities in the stopping or starting, we
change the position of the excentric sleeve o, Fig. IV, on the shaft 8, so that the
dog u will meet the lifting roller sooner or later, as may be required, and the
beginning and end of the blank or interruption is thereby regulated.
Fig. VIII shows the relative position and arrangement of the parts described
above on the cylinder. As already mentioned, the mechanism for producing the

page_text: blanks, consisting of lever k, l, excentric sleeve o, lifting roller r, grooved drum v,
and lifting dogs ", exist on one side only of the machine, while the ruler axle
bearing g, together with its mechanisms, as well as the lever h, are arranged for
each inking apparatus in duplicate, that is to say, on each side of the machine.
For every new piece of work requiring a different kind of ruling, the necessary
adjustments or operations, such as the regulation of the pressure of the ruling discs
on the paper, by changing the position of the screw n in the lever k, arranging the
dogs u in the drum v, regulating the travel of the lifting roller r, by adjusting the
screw g in the lever k, may be effected froin one side of the machine. Consequently,
the attendant need not leave his place.
As shown by Figs. IV, V and VI, the dog u has inclined faces, and is held in
the groove by means of a wedge k, which is pressed against an inclined extension u¹
of the dog u by turning the screw w. If the screw is loosened, the dog u and key =
may be lifted out of the groove together, being only held therein by friction.
In Fig. 1, F designates the feed table, G the endless apron, H the upper threads,
J the lower threads L' the first inking apparatus, L' the second, and L³ the third
inking apparatus, M the cylinder, and K the delivery table.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
1. A ruling machine having the characteristic feature, that the path taken by
the sheets differs partly from that of the travelling apron, said divergence being
determined by rollers No. 4, 5, 6, and Nos. 7, 8, 9, substantially as described with
reference to Fig. I.
.x,
2. A ruling machine having the characteristic feature, that when the ruling
discs y are lifted off the printing cylinder (for producing broken lines or inter-
mittent ruling) the said discs are simultaneously lifted off the inking roller and
that for this purpose the bearing g of the ruler axle is supported excentrically_to
the axle of the inking roller x, substantially as described with reference to Figs. II,
VII and VIII.
3. In a ruling machine, the method or means of securing the dogs u which serve
to lift off the ruling discs y, said dogs being held in the grooved drum by means
of a suitably shaped key z and a screw w, in such a manner, that the dog u may be
fixed at any desired part of the circumference of the drum and may be easily
removed, substantially as described with reference to Fig. VI.
4. In a ruling machine, the means for ensuring the uniform cessation or stoppage
of lines in the case of intermittent ruling with two or three coloured lines,
consisting in the use of an excentric sleeve o for varying the position of the lifting
roller r, substantially as described with reference to Fig. IV.
Dated this 10th day of December 1891.