Improvements in the Manufacture of Carbonic Acid Gas.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Aug., 1887
Complete Left, 7th May, 1888
Complete Accepted, 8th June, 1888
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Carbonic Acid Gas.
1 HENRY WADE DEACON of Appleton House Widnes in the County of Lancaster
Alkali Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this Invention which has been
communicated to me from abroad by Charles Arnois of Peekskill New York in the
United States of America Manufacturing Chemist to be as follows
According to this Invention so called Water Gas (or a Hydrocarbon in gas form)
is conducted through a column of heated Oxide of Manganese Oxide of Iron or any
other metallic Oxide or Compound which will yield and regenerate its Oxygen or part
thereof readily. The gas will be oxidized or burned by the Oxygen of the Oxide to
Carbonic Acid and Steam and passing through a Condenser the steam is retained as
water and the Carbonic Acid is led to a Gas holder or to any place desired. After a
time the water gas is turned off, the apparatus blown out by steam (to avoid explosions
and the mixing of gases) and air is driven through which will oxidize the metallic
Oxide and being so regenerated the latter is ready (after blowing out by steam) to
convert a new quantity of water gas into Carbonic Acid and steam and so forth.
Dated this 5th day of August 1887.
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London,
Agents.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Carbonic Acid Gas.
I, HENRY WADE DEACON of Appleton House, Widnes in the County of Lancaster,
Alkali Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention which has been
communicated to me from abroad by Charles Arnois of Peckskill, New York, in the
United States of America Manufacturing Chemist and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
According to this Invention so called Water Gas (or a Hydrocarbon in gas form)
is conducted through a column or mass of heated Oxide of Manganese Oxide of Iron
or any other metallic Oxide or compound which will yield and regenerate its oxygen
or part thereof readily. The gas will be oxidized or burned by the oxygen of the
oxide to carbonic acid and steam and passing through a condenser the steam is retained
as water and the carbonic acid is led to a gas holder or to any place desired. After a
time (generally about ten minutes) the water gas or the like is turned off, the apparatus
blown through by steam (to avoid explosions and the mixing of gases) and air is
driven through which will oxidize the metallic oxide and being so regenerated the
latter is ready (after blowing out by steam) to convert a new quantity of water gas or
the like into Carbonic acid and steam and so forth.
The apparatus which may be used in carrying out this Invention is illustrated in
the accompanying drawing which represents a longitudinal vertical section of the
apparatus. I do not however limit myself to the apparatus shewn.
In the drawing A represents an air-tight receptacle (which I call the "converter")
provided with a perforated bottom or grate a. The space above this bottom is filled
with a metallic oxide such as oxide of iron, oxide of manganese, oxide of copper, or
with any of the compounds of the said oxides, such as the manganates permanganates
or chromates or with a mixture of two or more such oxidizing agents. By preference
the oxide of iron or manganese is used it being heated up to above 600° Fahrenheit;
but the temperature to which the oxidizing agent is heated must be below its melting
point. Below the bottom a of the converter are three pipes bcd the pipe being
intended for supplying water gas, the pipe c for supplying steam, and the pipe & for
supplying air. From the top of the converter extends a pipe e the upper end of which
is closed by a valve f. From the side of the pipe e extends a pipe
dipping into a
liquid seal, B, and from the top of this liquid scal extends a pipe into a condenser C,
which communicates by a pipe i with the gas holder D. When the contents of the
converter have been heated up to the desired temperature, which may be accomplished
by admitting a supply of water gas through the pipe & and at the same time a supply
of air through the pipe d and then igniting the water gas, or which may be accom-
plished by any other suitable means the stop cock of the pipe g is opened and a current
of water gas is passed through the heated oxidizing agent in the converter. On its
passage through the oxidizing agent the water gas is converted into carbonic acid and
steam and the mixture of carbonic acid and steam thus produced passes through the

page_text: pipe g into the liquid seal B and thence through the pipe h into the condenser C,
where it is exposed to a shower of cold water. The steam contained in the mixture is
thereby condensed while the gaseous carbonic acid escapes through the pipe i into the
holder D.
When the oxidizing agent in the converter A has become to a certain degree
exhausted the water gas supply pipe 6 is closed. Then the steam pipe c is opened and
steam is blown through the converter whereby the gases contained therein are driven
out through the pipe g, and after the gases have been driven out the steam pipe c is
closed and the valve and the air pipe d are opened so as to pass a current of air
through the exhausted oxidizing agent in the converter. By the action of the air the
oxidizing agent is regenerated and when this has been accomplished the air pipe d is
closed the gases contained in the converter are blown out by steam, the valve closed
and a new supply of water-gas is passed through the converter as above described.
Although I have named water-gas yet any hydrocarbon in gas form may be used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is-
1. The process herein described of manufacturing carbonic acid gas which consists
in passing water-gas (or a hydrocarbon in gas form) through a heated mass of a
metallic oxidizing agent and thereby converting the water gas or gaseous hydrocarbon
into carbonic acid and steam then condensing the steam to leave the carbonic acid in
a gaseous form and then collecting the carbonic acid gas in a holder for subsequent
use substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
2. The process herein described of manufacturing carbonic acid gas which consists
in passing water-gas (or a hydrocarbon in gas form) through a heated mass of metallic
oxidizing agent and thereby converting the water-gas or gaseous hydrocarbon into a
mixture of carbonic acid and steam subjecting the said mixture to a shower bath
leaving the carbonic acid in a gaseous form and then collecting the carbonic acid
gas in a holder for subsequent use substantially as herein before set forth.
3. The process herein described of manufacturing carbonic acid gas which consists
in passing water-gas or a hydrocarbon in gas form through a heated mass of a metallic
oxidizing agent thereby converting the water-gas or gaseous hydrocarbon into carbonic
acid and steam then condensing the steam leaving the carbonic acid in a gaseous form,
then collecting the carbonic acid gas in a holder, and finally regenerating the exhausted
oxidizing agent by driving off the gases mixed therewith and passing a current of
atmospheric air through the exhausted oxidizing agent substantially as hereinbefore
set forth.
4. The method substantially as described for regenerating the oxidizing agent after
the same has become exhausted which consists in driving out the gases mixed with the
exhausted oxidizing agent and then passing through the said exhausted oxidizing
agent a current of atmospheric air.