IMPROVEMENTS IN CHUCKS FOR LATHES AND OTHER MACHINES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake of the firm of Haseltine Lake
& Co Patent Agents Southampton Buildings, London for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CHUCKS FOR LATHES AND OTHER MACHINES" Com-'
municated to him from abroad by John. A. Wiedersheim of Philadelphia
Pennsylvania, United States of America
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1.72
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1.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said. William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th November 1882.
.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake, and Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London, "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHUCKS FOR LATHES AND*
OTHER MACHINES" A communication to him from abroad by John. A. Wiedersheim*
of Philadelphia Pennsylvania, United States of America
This invention relates to improvements in that class of chucks commonly used in
connection with lathes and other machines for griping drills and other tools; and
the main objects of the said invention are to provide a simple and inexpensive
chuck, and to ensure the firm griping of the drill or other tool, as hereinafter set forth.
According to the said invention I provide a mandrel one end of which formed
to fit snugly into the corresponding orifice of a lathe spindle or the like to the.
cylindrical portion of the said mandrel is secured a block which forms the body of
the chuck, and which is made tapering at its outer portion. The said cylindrical
portion of the block is provided with an external screw thread, and is fitted to an
internally screw-threaded sleeve, the outer portion of which is also made tapering.
A number of radial slots are formed in the block for receiving a corresponding
number of levers on each of which is formed a projecting pivot adapted to an
annular groove in the mandrel. Each of the said levers is also provided with a self-
accommodating jaw which is pivotted to it preferably by making on the said
jaw a projection adapted to a recess in the long arm of the lever, the outer edge of
this arm being made on a taper conforming, or nearly so, with that of the sleeve.
An annular groove is formed in the block for the reception of a split ring, which,
bearing against the short arms of the levers tends to force the same inwards, and
consequently to open the jaws, which can only be closed by screwing down the
FD

page_text: sleeve on the block, in doing which the tapering portion of the said sleeve must act
on all the levers simultaneously, thereby causing the jaws to simultaneously gripe
the butt of a drill or other tool which has to be held by the chuck, the tool being
very securely held, as the jaws accommodate themselves to it and have a bearing on
it throughout their entire length.
The sleeve should be roughened or milled on the exterior so that it can be easily
tightened by the hand; or in chucks of a large size the sleeve may be provided with
openings or be otherwise constructed for being tightened by any suitable
instrument.
The advantage of the said improved chuck, in addition to that presented by the
alef-accommodating jaws, is its simplicity as regards construction, none of the parts
requiring any elaborate or accurate finishing.
F
The outer edges of the long arms of the levers on which the sleeve acts are curved
or inclined, and the inner face of the tapered portion of the said sleeve is corre-
spondingly shaped so as to ensure an extended bearing of the sleeve on the levers as
the latter change their position, and for the same reason the outer edges of
the jaws and the faces of the levers adjacent thereto are also curved or inclined.
While the levers and block might be so constructed that the former could be
pivotted directly to the latter, it is preferable to extend the mandrel into the block,
and to adapt the projections on the levers to a groove in the said mandrel as
hereinbefore described....1
'
'
The springs and short arms of the levers may be dispensed with, but they are in
all cases preferred so as to ensure the self opening of the jaws.
If desired a short plug, may be used in place of the long mandrel the chuck in
this case being adapted to a projecting mandrel on the lathe spindle instead of to
a recess therein, Also a stud may be screwed into the body of the chuck and may
form part of the mandrel, the extreme end of the said stud bearing against a
shoulder formed within the said body part, and the jaws being attached to the ends
of the levors. The stud has a groove for receiving the projecting pivots of the said
levers. Each radial slot in the body of the chuck contains a spring the tendency
of which is to force the adjacent end of a lever inwards, and the opposite arm
outward and consequently maintain the outer edge of the jaw with which the
lever is connected, against the tapering interior of the sleeve.
On screwing the sleeve outwards from the body of the chuck the jaws will be
opened owing to the influence of the springs on the levers, the said springs through
the medium of the levers continuing to maintain the outer edges of the jaws in
contact with the interior of the tapering portion of the sleeve. On introducing the
stem of a tool into the central opening of the chuck between the jaws, and screwing
the sleeve inward, the jaws will be moved radially toward the centre of the chuck
and will grip the stem, the inner edges of the jaws taking effect on the same
throughout their entire length, for these edges are parallel with each other and
with the axis of the chuck under all circumstances.
In some instances the jaws are loosely connected with the pivotted levers and the
latter are acted on by the sleeve, and sometimes the sleeve acts on the jaws, but the
general principles of the invention are preserved in each case.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th May 1883.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co, Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London, "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHUCKS FOR LATHES AND
OTHER MACHINES A communication to me from abroad by John A Wiedersheim,
of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America,
,,
This invention relates to improvements in that class of chucks commonly used
in connection with lathes and other machines for griping drills and other tools;
and the main objects of the said invention are to provide a simple and inexpensive
chuck, and to ensure the firm griping of the drill or other tool, as hereinafter
set forth.
In the accompanying drawing
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a chuck constructed according to this
invention, the mandrel being in elevation
Figure 2 is an end view thereof.
Figure 3 is a perspective view drawn to a reduced scale, the different parts being
separated
Figure 4 is a longitudinal section illustrating a modification of the said
invention.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures
A indicates a mandrel, one end of which is formed to fit snugly into the
corresponding orifice of a lathe spindle, to the cylindrical portion b of the said
mandrel is secured the block B which forms the body of the chuck, and which is
made tapering at its outer portion d. The cylindrical portion e of the block is
provided with an external screw thread and is fitted to an internally screw
threaded sleeve D, the outer portion of which is also made tapering.
A number of radial slots (three in the present instance) are formed in the
block for receiving a corresponding number of levers G on each of which is formed
a projecting pivot h adapted to an annular groove i in the mandrel. Each of the
said levers is also provided with a self-accomodating jaw m which is pivotted to
it preferably by making on the said jaw a projection n adapted to a recess in the
long arm of the lever, the outer edge of this arm being made on a taper, conforming
or nearly so with that of the sleeve. An annular groove p is formed in the
block B for the reception of a split ring H which bearing against the short arms of
the levers G tends to force the same inwards and consequently to open the jaws,
which can only be closed by screwing down the sleeve on the block, in doing
which the tapering portion of the said aleeve must act on all the levers simul-
taneously, thereby causing the jaws to simultaneously gripe the butt of a drill,
or other tool which has to be held by the chuck the tool being very securely
held, as the jaws accomodate themselves to it and have a bearing on it throughout
their entire length.
The sleeve D should be roughened or milled on the exterior so that it can be
easily tightened by the hand, or in chucks of a larger size the sleeve may be
provided with openings or be otherwise constructed for being tightened by any
suitable instrument
The advantage of the improved chuck, in addition to that presented by the self

page_text: .
accomodating jaws, is, its simplicity as regards construction, none of the parts
requiring any elaborate or accurate finishing
The outer edges of the long arms of the lovers G on which the sleeve B acts, are
curved or inclined, and the inner face of the tapered portion of the said sleeve is
correspondingly shaped so as to ensure an extended bearing of the sleeve on the
levers as the latter change their position, and for the same reason the outer edges
of the jaws m and the faces of the levers G adjacent thereto are also curved or
inclined.
While the levers and block might be so constructed that the former could be
pivotted directly to the latter, it is-preferable-to extend the mandrel-into-the-block,
and to adapt the projections on the levers to a groove in the said mandrel as
herein before described
The spring and short arms of the levers may be dispensed with, but they are
in all cases preferred so as to ensure the self opening of the jaws.
In some cases a short plug terminating at the line y Figures 1 and 3 may be
used in place of the long mandrel the chuck in this case being' adapted to a
projecting mandrel on the lathe spindle instead of to a recess therein
In Figure a stud is screwed into the body of the chuck B and forms part of
the mandrel the extreme end of the said stud, bearing against a shoulder 6¹ formed
within the said, body B, and the jaws m are attached to the ends of the lever G.
The stud has a groove for receiving the projecting pivots h of the levers G
Each radial slot in the body of the chuck contains a spring H, the tendency of
which is to force the adjacent end of the lever G. inwards and the opposite arm
outwards in the direction of the arrows, and consequently maintain the outer edges.
of the jaw m with which the lever is connected against the tapering interior of the
sleeve.
On screwing the sleeve outwards from the body of the chuck, the jaws will be
opened owing to the influence of the springs on the levers G, the said springs
through the medium of the levers continuing to maintain the outer edges of the
jaws in contact with the interior of the tapering portion of the sleeve. On
introducing the stem of a tool into the central opening of the chuck, between the
jaws and screwing the sleeve inward, the jaws will be moved radially toward the
centre of the chuck and will grip the stem, the inner edges of the jaws taking effect
on the same throughout their entire length for these edges are parallel with each
other and with the axis of the chuck under all circumstances
In figure 1 the jaws are loosely connected with the pivotted levers, and the
datter are acted on by the sleeve, and in figure 4 the sleeve acts on the jaws, but
the general principles of the invention are preserved in each case
Having thus fully described the said invention as communicated to me by my
foreign Correspondent and the manner of performing the same I wish it understood
that I claim in a chuck for a lathe or other machine
First The combination of a slotted block or body and its sleeve, pivotted levers
and pivotted jaws substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.
Second The combination of the slotted body B, the mandrel or plug A and the
sleeve D, with the levers G which are pivotted to the said mandrel or plug,
substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth
Third The combination of the levers G, the jaws m, the sleeve D and the slotted
body B, with the spring or springs H, substantially as, and for the purpose, set
forth.
Fourth The levers G, the. jaws m and the lugs n all combined and operating 5
substantially as, and for the purpose set forth.
こ
Fifth. The mandrel or plug in combination with the lever G having a pivot
lug h substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.
Sixth The mandrel or plug in combination with the lever G having a pivot
lug h and the jaw m having a pivot lug n, substantially as, and for the purpose, 5
set forth.

page_text: Seventh The slotted body and its sleeve in combination with the pivotted lever
and jaws, the outer edges of the said lever or jaws or both being curved or inclined
and adapted to the interior of the tapering portion of the sleeve, substantially as,
and for the purpose, set forth.
In witness whereof I the said William Robert Lake have hereunto set my
hand and seal this eleventh day of May in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and eighty three