IMPROVEMENTS IN FORMING THE JOINTS OF PIPES FOR CONVEYING WATER A
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, E.C., Patent Agent, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FORMING THE JOINTS OF PIPES FOR CONVEYING WATER
A
DIC
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald
Brooman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents; with his
Petition, on the 17th October 1857.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, E.C., Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FORMING THE JOINTS OF PIPES FOR CONVEYING
WATER, GAS, AND OTHER FLUIDS," (communicated to me by P. J. Guyet, a
foreigner residing abroad,) to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in the following methods of forming the joints or
pipes for conveying water, gas, and other fluids. According to one arrange-
ment one of the pipes which is to be connected is formed with an enlarged.
end, terminated by a recessed flange, into the recess of which a ring of
vulcanized india-rubber is placed, and against this ring a circular plate is
tightly screwed to the flange. The second of the two pipes to be connected
is then forced through the ring, which is of such an internal diameter as to
admit the said pipe, and grasp it tightly, forming with it a fluid-tight joint.

page_text: If the two pipes thus connected are to be subjected to longitudinal action only,
the circular plate may be plain, but if they are to be subjected to transverse
strains, this plate may be formed with a funnel-shaped flange, spreading.
outward from the packing ring..
According to another arrangement, the enlargement of the end of one of
the pipes may be dispensed with, and a boxed flange formed on the pipe, iuto
the recess of which flange a ring of vulcanized india-rubber is forced, and is
there held by the boxed sides of the recess. The end of the second of the
two pipes to be connected has a small circular shoulder screwed upon it, and
a loose circular plate which comes against this shoulder is placed around it.
Between this plate and the flange of the first pipe a ring of india-rubber with
convex sides is placed, and the plate and flange are then screwed tightly
together. If the hole in the loose plate is made to taper, the two pipes
which are connected, as before described, will be capable of moving more or
less, at an angle to each other, without opening the joint. The hole of the
plate may be made cylindrical if this provision is unnecessary.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 17th April 1858:
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, E.C.
Patent Agent, send greeting:*
⠀⠀⠀ WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me.
the said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that I; the said
Richard Archibald Broomin, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my, executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time, aud at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; the Channel-Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FORMING THE JOINTS
OF PIPES FOR CONVEYING WATER, GAS, AND OTHER FLUIDS," (a communication
from P. J. Guyet, a foreigner residing abroad,) upon the condition (amongst

page_text: others) that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my.executors or admi-
nistrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly, describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention; and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office, within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described. and ascertained in
and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings
hereunto annexed, that is to say
The Invention consists in the following methods of forming the joints of
pipes for conveying water, gas, and other fluids. According to one arrange-
ment one of the pipes which is to be connected is formed with an enlarged
end,. terminated by a recessed flange, into the recess of which a ring of
vulcanized india-rubber is placed, and against this. ring a circular plate. is
tightly screwed to the flange. The second of the two pipes to be connected
is then forced' through the ring, which is of such an internal diameter as to
admit the said pipe and grasp it tightly, forming with it a fluid-tight joint.
If the two pipes thus connected are to be subjected to longitudinal action, only
the circular plate may be plain, but if they are to be subjected to transverse
strains, this plate may be formed with a funnel-shaped flinge, spreading
outward from the packing ring.
"
DU
111 112
it.
According to another arrangement, the enlargement of the end of one of
the pipes may be dispensed with, and a boxed flange formed on the pipe, into
the recess of which flange a ring of vulcanized india-rubber is forced, and is
there held by the boxed sides of the recess. The end of the second of the
two pipes to be connected has a small circular shoulder screwed upon it, and
a loose circular plate, which comes against this shoulder, is placed around
Between this plate and the flange of the first pipe a ring of india-rubber with
convex sides is placed, and the plate and flange are then screwed tiglitly
together. If the hole in the loose plate is, made to taper, the two pipes,
which are connected as before described, will be capable of moving more or
less at an angle to each other, without opening the joint. The hole of the
plate may be made cylindrical if this provision is unnecessary
In the Drawings hereunto annexed I have represented the modes in which
the Invention may be carried most conveniently and efficaciously into effect.
Figure 1 isa-longitudinal section of two pipes and their coupling, construct

page_text: .
according to my first-described arrangement taken through the line A, B1, of
Figure 2, which is partly an end elevation and partly a transverse section
through the line A, B, of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a transverse section
through the line c, d, of Figure 1. In these Figures the pipe A is formed
with an enlarged portion B, terminated by the recessed flange a¹, into the
recess of which is placed the ring of vulcanized india rubber a. Against this
ring the circular plate b is pressed by the nuts 6', and the screws 6", the
latter passing through the flange a¹. The second pipe C is forced through
the ring, and grasped tightly by it, and thus a fluid-tight connection is made
between the pipes A and C. These pipes may evidently be moved laterally
within certain limits, without admitting of the escape of the fluid contained
in them. In the Figures described I have shewn the circular plate B with
a funnel-shaped flange, spreading out in order to permit the two pipes A, C,
to be forced to an angle with each other, within certain limits, without
injuring the joint. If the pipes are to be so situated that they can be moved
laterally only, the funnel-like flange of the plate B may be dispensed with.
The next arrangement is shown in Figures 4 and, Figure 4-being a
longitudinal section, through the line e', ft, of Figure 5, and Figure 5 partly
an end elevation and partly a transverse section, through the line e, f; of
Figure 4: On the end of the pipe D is formed a boxed flange c, into the
recess of which a ring of vulcanized india-rubber a-is placed, and in which it
is held by the boxed sides of the recess. The end of the second pipe C has
a small circular shoulder e¹ screwed upon it, and a loose circular plate f,
which comes against this shoulder e¹, is placed around the pipe C. Between
the plate fand the flange of the pipe D, a ring e, of india-rubber with convex
sides, is placed and the plate f and the flange of D are then screwed tightly
together by the nuts f¹ and the screws f11. If the hole in the plate f be
made to traper, as shewn at g, the pipes C and D will be free to move at an
angle with each other without injuring the joint.
1. 45
In Figures 6 and 7 I have shown, in longitudinal section and end elevation
respectively, a modification of the arrangement illustrated in Figures 4 and 5.
In this arrangement the positions of the pipes C and D are unalterable. The
same letters are applied to like parts as before. The connection is made by
the internal screw-threaded ring d, worked by the armis d', d¹, in place of the
nuts and screws seen in Figures 4 and 5.
"
In Figure 8 is s
8 is shewna
an arrangement which might be used with advantage
for joining the pipes used for conveying steam along railway trains for working
breaks or signals. In this arrangement the joint, illustrated in Figure 1, is
situated as shewn at Numbers 1 and 2; and the joint illustrated in Figure 4

page_text: is situated as shown at Number 3. The letters applied to the parts of these
joints in the former Figures are repeated in Figure 8.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I do not limit myself to
the precise details herein set forth, but I claim the forming of the joints of
pipes for conveying water, gas, and other fluids essentially as herein before
described, and illustrated in Figures 1 to 3, Figures 4 and 5, and Figures 6
and 7 respectively of the Drawings hereunto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of April, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
R. A. BROOMAN. (L.S.)