IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO 'ROLLS' FOR CRUSHING, GRINDING, PULVERIZING, OR OTHERWISE REDUCING CERTAIN MEAL, FLOUR, SHARPS, MIDDLINGS, POLLARDS, BRANS, OR AS OTHERWISE DESIGNATED " PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Maurice Gandy, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO 'ROLLS' FOR
CRUSHING, GRINDING, PULVERIZING, OR OTHERWISE REDUCING CERTAIN MEAL,
FLOUR, SHARPS, MIDDLINGS, POLLARDS, BRANS, OR AS OTHERWISE DESIGNATED
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Maurice Gandy at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th February 1877
MAURICE GANDY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster "IMPROVEMENTS IN
AND APPERTAINING TO ROLLS FOR CRUSHING, GRINDING, PULVERIZING, OR OTHER-
WISE REDUCING CERTAIN MEAL, FLOUR, SHARPS, MIDDLINGS, POLLARDS, BRANS, OR
AS OTHERWISE DESIGNATED
"
My Invention relates to certain improvements in and appertaining to rolls for
crushing, grinding, pulverizing, or otherwise reducing certain meal, flour, sharps,
middlings, pollards, brans, or as otherwise designated, where such rolls operate by
one toll running at a greater speed than the other roll, the material or substances
to be crushed passing between the rolls and the rolls running a slight distance
apart
Heretofore it has been the practice to construct rolls for the purposes above
described of metal, stone, glass, or other analagous material, but it is found that
rolls so constructed "give out,' and are not durable
Now my Invention consists in constructing the rolls of paper prepared in a
special manner, the paper being manufactured by preference as described in the
Specification of a former Patent, granted to me on the 6th January 1875, No 52
The paper is then cut into discs, and is compressed by hydraulic or other suitable
power into the form requied to make the rolls even, and then finished up, or I
construct the rolls of wood (by preference hard wood) by cutting the wood into
segments somewhat the shape of the letter V These I put together with glue,
cement, or dowels, so as to secure all firmly together. I then finish up and form a
roll with the end grain of the wood outwards all round, so as to resist wear and
pressure

page_text: In operation I use rolls, as herein-before described, in pairs by themselves in heu
of the metal or glass iolls now used, or I use them in conjunction with a roll of
metal, porcelain, glass, or other analagous material The paper or wood roll being the
fast running 10ll, and the metal, glass, porcelain, or other analagous roll being the
slow running one, or vice versa. The rolls are mounted and driven in ordinary 5
manner, and at the usual speeds
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Maurice Gandy in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 1st August
1877
MAURICE GANDY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster "IMPROVEMENTS IN
AND APPERTAINING TO ROLLS FOR CRUSHING, GRINDING, PULVERIZING, OR OTHER-
WISE REDUCING CERTAIN MEAL, FLOUR, SHARPS, MIDDLINGS, POLLARDS, BRANS, OR
AS OTHERWISE DESIGNATED."
My Invention relates to certain improvements in and appertaining to rolls for
crushing, grinding, pulverizing, or other wise reducing corn, grain, certain meal,
flour, sharps, middlings, pollards, bians, or as other wise designated, where such
rolls operate by one roll running at a greater speed than the other roll, the
material or substances to be crushed passing between the rolls, and the rolls
running a slight distance apart
Heretofore it has been the practice to construct rolls for the purposes above
described of metal, stone, glass, or other analogous material, but it is found that
rolls so constructed give off grit through wear by pitting, and are not duiable for
the purpose
1
Now my Invention consists in constructing the rolls of paper, or wood, or fibrous
material prepared in a special manner, the paper being manufactured by preference
as described in the Specification of a former Patent granted to me on 6th January
1875, No 52 The paper is then cut into discs, each disc having a holo in the
centre thereof to fit on a shaft or mandııl The discs are placed on this shaft or
mandil, and pressed by hydraulic or other suitable pressure until they are suffi-
ciently hard for the purpose for which they are intended to be used, they are then
secured to the shaft or mandiil by thick end plates wedged securely on, and thus
held firmly in then place When sufficiently pressed and secured the roll 18
taken to a lathe and finished up. The shaft or mandril is turned up to fit the
bearings in the machine, and to receive the driving wheels the usual way; or I
construct of wood (by preference haid wood) by cutting the wood into segments
somewhat the shape of the letter V These I put together with glue, cement, or
dowels, so as to secure all firmly together, I then compress them in the same
way as the paper, and finish up and form a roll with the end grain of the wood
outwards all iound, so as to iesist wear and pressure, or I add or mix paper or
'fibrous material with the wood, and form a roll as before
In opciation I use rolls, as herein-before described, in paus by themselves in lieu
of the metal, porcelain, or glass rolls now used, or I use them in conjunction with
a 1oll of metal, porcelain, glass, or other analogous material
In all cases the rolls are mounted in a suitable frame, and are driven either by
cog wheels of different diameters or by pulleys, friction wheels, chain bands, or
other suitable method of imparting the requisite motion to them, and giving
them the power of crushing, grinding, or pulverizing the material to be operated
upon By preference I use cog or tooth wheels for driving. The rolls are mounted
in the ordinary manner, and driven at the usual speeds
Having now described my Invention, and shown how the same may be carried
into effect, I may state that I make no claim to 1olls as a method of crushing, nor
to the frame or stand in which they are mounted, as both are well known, but my

page_text: claim to novelty and utility consists in constructing rolls of fibrous material, such
as paper or paper material, wood or wood material, hard pressed by hydraulic or
or other pressure on to a mandril into the form of a roll, and turned up to a
finish mounted in a frame, stand, or machine, and im at unequal speeds for the
purpose, as before stated, of crushing, grinding, pulverizing, or otherwise reducing
certain [corn, grain, meal, flour, shaips, middlings, pollards, bians, or as otherwise
designated, and when the rolls are so made and mounted for this purpose the advan-
tages I claim for them are as follows
-
First Entire absence of all gutty particles in the flour, or as other wise desig-
nated (as all other rolls or stones now known give off grit through wear by pitting),
and thus a saving to the health of the public, as the flour produced is absolutely
fice from millstone gut, which is not the case with flour ground by stones, glass,
or porcelain, as all theso give off gut, especially when ic-gunding or crushing
middlings
Second A great saving to the miller, as rolls according to my Invention keep
themselves turned up without hand tooling, hence a saving of time.
Third A better quality of flour is produced by rolls according to my Invention,
especially in point of colour, there being no particles of husk or bran toin up in
the grinding and mixed with the flour, as rolls constructed according to my In-
vention separates the flour from the husk or bian without tearing it like stones,
porcelain, or glass
In witness whereof, I, the said Maurice Gandy, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
MAURICE (LS.) GANDY,