A METHOD OF FORCING OR WORKING THE BOLTS OF PRESSES OR OF ENGINES USED FOR THE PURPOSE OF CUTTING, PRESSING, AND SQUEEZING OF METALS, HORN, TORTOISESHELL, LEATHER, PAPER, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1804

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
GREGORY HANCOCK, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Die Engraver,
send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by
His Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing
date at Westminster, the Fourteenth day of September last, did give and
grant unto me, the said John Gregory Hancock, His special licence that
I, the said John Gregory Hancock, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might solely and ex-
clusively make, use, exercise, and vend, within that part of the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, and the Dominion of
Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "A METHOD OF
FORCING OR WORKING THE BOLTS OF PRESSES OR OF ENGINES USED FOR THE PURPOSE
OF CUTTING, PRESSING, AND SQUEEZING OF METALS, HORN, TORTOISESHELL, LEATHER,
PAPER, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained
a proviso obliging me, the said John Gregory Hancock, under my hand and
seal, to cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be inrolled in His Majesty's.
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as by the same, reference being
thereunto had, will more fully appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that 1, the said John Gregory Hancock, in compliance with
and in performance of the aforesaid proviso in the said in part recited Letters
Patent contained, do by this present instrument in writing declare that my said
Invention is herein particularly described. Whereas the bolts of presses for
cutting out, stamping, and impressing metals are commonly forced or worked
by the application of screws, which necessarily have the same alternate
advancing and retrogade motion which is required of the bolts; now, in
order to force or work the said bolts by a power which has a continued rotary
motion, as well as by a power which has an alternate advancing and returning
or vibratory motion, instead of a screw, I use a shaft, spindle, or axle, to one or
both ends of which, or to the circumference, or some other part whereof, I affix
n projection, which I call an inclined plane, curve, or wedge, or else I so form
and shape the shaft, spindle, or axle, that by its rotation it will itself act as an
inclined plane, curve, or wedge, and puts upon the bolt as the thicker or more
projecting part of the inclined plane, curve, or wedge advances. The said
inclined plane, curve, or wedge may be of any angle or curve, not making an
angle of more than thirty degrees, or thereabouts, with the base line; sections
of those I generally use are represented in the Drawing, Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4,
any of which may be used when a continued rotary motion is given to the
shaft, spindle, or axle; but if an alternate advancing and returning or vibratory
motion be given to the shaft, spindle, or axle, then I make use of the double
inclined plane, curve, or wedge, Figures 3 and 4. The end or part of the
bolt upon which the inclined plane, curve, or wedge works may be either flat,
or of any prominent angle or curve. In general I make the end of the bolt a
little convex, or else I affix a roller into the bolt, upon which the inclined
plane, curve, or wedge works, and which 1 find considerably diminishes the
friction. The said inclined plane curve, or wedge, and bolt may be made of
such metal or other hard substance as may be found most economical, and best
adapted to the purpose to which the machine is applied, but in general I make
use of hardened steel. The shaft, spindle, or axle on which the said inclined
plane, curve, or wedge is fixed, and the bolt, must be so placed that when a
rotary or an alternate advancing and returning or vibratory motion is given to
the shaft, spindle, or axle, the inclined plane, curve, or wedge will act upon the
bolt, and force it along, depress, or elevate it in its case, box, or groove. In
general I so place the shaft, spindle, or axle and bolt that the base or part of
the inclined plane, curve, or wedge which is in contact with the shaft, spindle,
or axle shall be at a right angle, or nearly so, with the bolt, see Figures.
8, 9, and 10. The shaft, spindle, or axle; and the case, box, or groove in which

page_text: the bolt works, should be firmly fixed so that their position with respect to each
other cannot vary. For this purpose I recommend that the case, box, or groove
in which the bolt works should be fixed to the frame of the machine, and if
the inclined plane, curve, or wedge be fixed on the ends of the shaft, spindle,
or axle, I recommend that the shaft, spindle, or axle should work in a collar
in the frame of the machine, and have a projection or shoulder that will rest
against the collar, as represented in the Drawing, Figures 7 and 10; or
otherwise that the end of the shaft, spindle, or axle farthest from the bolt
should rest or butt against some firm and stationary part of the machine or
the frame on which it is placed, as represented in the Drawing, Figure 8.
But if the inclined plane, curve, or wedge be fixed on the circumference of the
shaft, spindle, or axle, then I recommend that the shaft, spindle, or axle should'
run in two grooves or brasses in the frame of the machine, as represented in
the Drawing, Figure 9. The shaft, spindle, or axle on which the inclined plane,
curve, or wedge is fixed, and the bolt, with the case box or groove in which the
bolt works, being placed in the situation before described, a rotary or vibrating:
motion is given to the shaft, spindle, or axle, which brings the inclined plane,
curve, or wedge into action, and as the motion is continued, the inclined plane,'
curve, or wedge, by pressing against the bolt, or the roller placed thereon,
forces the bolt along its case, box, or groove. In order to force the bolt back,"
I make use of a spring or springs, which are affixed in the manner represented
in the Drawing, Figures 8, 9, and 10, or in any other manner that may be
more convenient, or the bolt may be forced back by a lever and weight, or by
any other means. The bolt and shaft, spindle, or axle may be placed in a
perpendicular, horizontal, or inclined position as may be found best adapted to
the purpose to which the machine is applied; but if the shaft, spindle, or axle
be placed in a perpendicular or inclined position, I recommend that a pin, pivot,
or gudgeon should project from the centre of the lower end thereof, of such a
length that it will rest upon the case or box in which or the back against
which the bolt works, or against some other part of the machine, so as to sup-
port the weight of the shaft, spindle, or axle, see Drawing, Figures 7 and 10.:
I use one or both ends, or any other part of such shafts, spindles, or axles, and
affix one or more inclined planes, curves, or wedges thereto; and I apply my
machines to the purposes of cutting, pressing, stamping, impressing, and
squeezing of metals, horn, tortoiseshell, leather, paper, and other substances.'
Sometimes I fix the inclined plane, curve, or wedge upon the end of the bolt,
and place a roller in and projecting from the shaft, spindle, or axle; I also:
sometimes place a lever, centered at one end, over the end of the bolt, and

page_text: EXPLANATION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1, section of inclined plane, curve, or wedge to be fixed on the
circumference of a shaft, spindle, or axle, to which a continued rotary motion
is given.
Fig. 2, section of inclined plane, curve, or wedge to be fixed on the end of
a shaft, spindle, or axle, to which a continued rotary motion is given.
Fig. 8, section of double inclined plane, curve, or wedge to be fixed on the
end of a shaft, spindle, or axle to which an alternate advancing and returning
or vibratory motion is given.
Fig. 4, section of double inclined plane, curve, or wedge to be fixed on the
circumference of a shaft, spindle, or axle to which an alternate advancing and
returning or vibratory motion is given.
•
Fig. 5, section of shaft, spindle, or axle with three inclined planes, curves, or
wedges affixed to the circumference thereof.
Fig. 6, end of shaft, spindle, or axle with three inclined planes, curves, or
wedges affixed thereto.
Fig. 7, shaft, spindle, or axle of machine, Figure 11.
Fig. 8, machine in which the shaft, spindle, or axle (with an inclined plane,
curve, or wedge on the end thereof) and the bolt are placed in an horizontal.
position.
Fig. 9, machine in which the shaft, spindle, or axle (with an inclined plane,
curve, or wedge on the circumference thereof,) is placed in an horizontal position,.
and the bolt in a perpendicular position.
Fig. 10, machine in which the shaft, spindle, or axle (with a double inclined.
plane, curve, or wedge on the end thereof,) and the bolt are placed in: a.
perpendicular position. This machine is intended to be worked by a vibratory
motion, but it may also be worked by a, continued rotary motion:.
In Figures 7, 8, 9, and 10, A represents the frame of the machine;
B represents the shaft, spindle, or axle; C, the bolt; E, the inclined plane,
curve, or wedge; F, the springs. In Figure 8 there are two springs, one on
each side, affixed to the frame of the machine, and acting upon two pins,
which project from the sides of the bolt. In Figures 9 and 10 one end of the
spring rests against the case of the bolt, and the other end against a notch in
the bolt itself; G, the case, box, or groove in which the bolt works, a part of

page_text: which is cut away to enable the spring to act; H, the handle or wheel, to
which the power is applied; I, the pin to support the weight of the shaft,
spindle, or axle in Figure 10; K, the shoulder on shaft, spindle, or axle, which
rests against the collar in the frame of the machine, Figure 10.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Gregory Hancock, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Fifth day of March, One thousand eight.
hundred and five.
Inrolled the Sixth day of March, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and five.