Year: 1898

page_text: I, CARL AXEL HALLING, of Nybrohamnen 26, Stockholm, Sweden, Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in internal combustion motors, and
has for its object to increase the effect of these engines.
The invention consists chiefly in that the explosion chamber is separated from
the cylinder proper by means of one or more perforated walls or the like. In
this engine there is, therefore, an air-filled chamber behind the piston, in which
chamber the explosion does not take place but where the enclosed air is heated
and expanded by the combustion gases issuing from the explosion chamber.
The walls of the explosion chamber are also separated from the walls of the
cylinder by means of heat isolating partitions, while the walls of the cylinder may
outside be provided with a number of flanges or projections in order to facilitate
the cooling by the outer air. For the same purpose the outwardly open piston
is provided with similar flanges.
In the accompanying drawing Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of the
cylinder with the explosion chamber and parts of the same of an internal com-
bustion motor constructed according to this invention Fig. 2 shows a plan-view of
the partition wall between the explosion and expansion chambers.
C
後
The explosion chamber is formed by a casing a, which is attached to the rear
end of the cylinder by means of a partition part b. The explosion chamber
may at the same time serve as vaporizer for the petroleum. Between the parts
and is a partition wall preferably provided with a ring of holes or open-
ings 2, through which the explosion chamber communicates with the cylinder c,
In order to better confine the explosion to the explosion chamber the open-
ings may be lengthened to the shape of mouthpieces or tubes, as shown in
Fig. 1. The partition wall may also consist of a heavy and close woven wire
netting or the like. Between either of the parts a, a and c there are isolating
partition layers a³, b³, ³, by which the conduction of heat from the explosion
chamber to the cylinder is prevented or retarded. The cylinder is preferably
provided with a great number of thin flanges c¹ in order to facilitate the cooling
by the outer air. The piston f is, as usual, hollow and open outwards and may
also be provided with inward flanges f¹, by which enough heat may be radiated
to keep the piston at a working temperature. The engine is provided with in
and outlet valves at, for the charge and products of combustion. The petro-
leum or other charge may be brought to the engine through a tube and led
into the casing a by means of any suitable valve and pumping device.
The described engine works in the following manner: When the petroleum
has reached the casing a, which may at the same time constitute an explosion-
and vaporizing-chamber, it is mixed with the compressed air, after which the
mixture of gas and air is ignited in any ordinary manner by means of a suitable
device. On account of the separation of the explosion chamber from the

page_text: cylinder by means of the wall a¹ the explosion takes place in the casing a only,
whereupon the products of the combustion move into the air chamber behind the
piston in which the air and gases in the same are heated by the said combustion
gases:
An internal combustion motor constructed according to this invention is much
more effective than engines of this. kind hitherto in use, since the engine in the
beginning works as a gas engine and after the air has been heated by the hot
gases as a hot-air engine.
I, CARL AXEL HALLING, of Nybrohamnen 26, Stockholm, Sweden, Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement: --
This invention relates to improvements in internal combustion motors, and
has for its object to increase the effect of these engines.
The invention consists chiefly in that the explosion chamber is separated from
the cylinder proper by means of one or more perforated walls or the like. In
this engine there is, therefore, an air-filled chamber behind the piston, in which
chamber the explosion does not take place but where the enclosed air is heated
and expanded by the combustion gases issuing from the explosion chamber.
The walls of the explosion chamber are also separated from the walls of the
cylinder by means of heat isolating partitions, while the walls of the cylinder may
outside be provided with a number of flanges or projections in order to facilitate
the cooling by the outer air. For the same purpose the outwardly open piston
is provided with similar flanges.
Referring to the drawing accompanying the Provisional Specification Fig. 1
shews a longitudinal section of the cylinder with the explosion chamber and
parts of the same of an internal combustion motor constructed according to this
invention. Fig. 2 shews a plan-view of the partition wall between the explosion
and expansion chambers.
The explosion chamber is formed by a casing a, which is attached to the rear
end of the cylinder by means of a partition part b. The explosion chamber
may at the same time serve as vaporizer for the petroleum. Between the parts
and is a partition wall a¹ preferably provided with a ring of holes or open-
ings, through which the explosion chamber communicates with the cylinder c
In order to better confine the explosion to the explosion chamber the open-
ings may be lengthened to the shape of mouthpieces or tubes, as shewn in
Fig. 1. The partition wall may also consist of a heavy and close woven wire
netting or the like. Between either of the parts a, a and c there are isolating
partition layers a³, b³, c³, by which the conduction of heat from the explosiou
chamber to the cylinder is prevented or retarded. The cylinder c is preferably
provided with a great number of thin flanges c¹ in order to facilitate the cooling
by the outer air. The piston f is, as usual, hollow and open outwards and may
also be provided with inward flanges f¹ by which enough heat may be radiated
to keep the piston at a working temperature. The engine is provided with n
and outlet valves a, a³ for the charge and products of combustion. The petro-

page_text: leum or other charge may be brought to the engine through a tube and led
into the casing a by means of any suitable valve and pumping device.
The described engine works in the following manner: When the petroleum
has reached the casing a, which may at the same time constitute an explosion-
and vaporizing-chamber, it is mixed with the compressed air, after which the
mixture of gas and air is ignited in any ordinary manner by means of a suitable
device. On account of the separation of the explosion chamber from the
cylinder by means of the wall at the explosion takes place in the casing a only,
whereupon the products of the combustion move into the air chamber behind the
piston in which the air and gases in the same are heated by the said combustion
gases.
An internal combustion motor constructed according to this invention is much
more effective than engines of this kind hitherto in use, since the engine in the
beginning works as a gas engine and after the air has been heated by the hot
gases as a hot-air engine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1) In gas and petroleum motors, in which the fuel is introduced into an explo-
sion chamber separated from the cylinder by means of a partition and there
exploded, the arrangement of a heat insulating space between the explosion
chamber and the cylinder by means of suitable partitions which space com-
municates with the explosion chamber by means of holes or tubular apertures and
into which the piston does not enter, for the purpose of preventing the explosion
from reaching to the space behind the piston, and of heating and expanding the
air enclosed in the space by means of the combustion gases issuing from the
explosion chamber.
2) In combination, the cylinder (e), casing ("), partition part (b) and dividing
wall (a¹) having apertures (²) constructed and operating substantially as and for
the purpose described.
A
..
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of London, Liverpool, Manchester and Birmingham.