IMPROVEMENTS IN HAND PUMPS OR SYRINGES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Burnet Robins, of No. 17, Richmond
Terrace, Shepherd's Bush, in the County of Middlesex, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN HAND PUMPS OR SYRINGES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Burnet Robins
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 18th April 1872.
I, WILLIAM BURNET ROBINS, of No. 17, Richmond Terrace, Shepherd's
Bush, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HAND PUMPS OR SYRINGES," to be as
follows:-
In constructing hand pumps or syringes I employ three concentric
tubes. The innermost tube is the hollow plunger or piston rod through
which the water is delivered to the jet. The delivery valve is within
it, and it carries a piston which is free to slide a short distance on the
rod so that it also acts as a valve, and at the outward stroke it uncovers

page_text: passages
in the hollow rod by which the water is able to pass it freely.
The middle tube is the pump barrel. It has a suction valvo at its
lower end, and at its upper end a stuffing box through which the
plunger or piston rod works. The outer tube encloses the pump barrel
and at its lower end it is connected with the suction pipe. There are i
openings in the side of the pump barrel immediately below the stuffing
box so that there is free communication between the upper end of the
pump
barrel and the outer tube.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-During the inward stroke
the water in the barrel beneath the piston is expelled up the hollow 1
rod and issues by the jet, and at the same time the upper part of the
barrel, over the piston fills with water which passes up from the suction
between the barrel and the outer tube. During the outward stroke
the water above the piston passes to the under side and a further
quantity equivalent to the displacement of the hollow rod enters the 1
barrel past the suction valve. The suction of the hand pump or
syringe is thus divided between the inward and the outward strokes
whilst the whole of the water is expelled at the former. The outer
tube is also very useful in protecting the barrel and in providing an
escape for any water which
may leak past the piston.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
.
filed by the said William Burnet Robins in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 17th October 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
BURNET ROBINS, of No. 17, Richmond Terrace, Shepherd's Bush, in the 2
County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-fifth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and 3
grant unto me, the said William Burnet Robins, Her special license
that I, the said William Burnet. Robins, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Burnet Robins, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,

page_text: arid no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
HAND PUMPS OR SYRINGES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I'
the said William Burnet Robins, my exccutors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Burnet Robins, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
:
In constructing hand pumps or syringes I employ three concentric
tubes. The innermost tube is the hollow plunger or piston rod through
which the water is delivered to the jet. The delivery valve is within it,
and it carries a piston which is free to slide a short distance on the rod
so that it also acts as a valve, and at the outward stroke it uncovers
passages in the hollow rod by which the water is able to pass it freely.
The middle tube is the pump barrel; it has a suction valve at its lower'
end and at its upper end a stuffing box through which the plunger or
piston rod works. The outer tube encloses the pump barrel, and at its
lower end it is connected with the suction pipe. There are openings in
the side of the pump barrel immediately below the stuffing box so that
there is free communication between the upper end of the pump barrel
and the outer tube.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-During the inward stroke
the water in the barrel beneath the piston is expelled up the hollow rod
and issues by the jet, and at the same time the upper part of the barrel
over the piston fills with wafer which passes up from the suction between
the barrel and the outer tube. During the outward stroke the water
above the piston passes to the under side, and a further quantity equi-
valent to the displacement of the hollow rod enters the barrel past the
suction valve. The suction of the hand pump or syringe is thus divided
between the inward and the outward strokes whilst the whole of the
water is expelled at the former. The outer tube is also very useful
I

page_text: in protecting the barrel and in providing an escape
may leak past the piston.
for
any
water which
In order that my said Invention may be most fully understood and
readily carried into effect I will proceed to describe the Drawing hereunto
annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
The Drawing shows a longitudinal section of a hand pump or syringo
constructed according to my Invention.
a, a, is a hollow piston rod, upon it is fixed the handle a¹ and the rose
or nozzle holder a³, which latter receives either the nozzle a³ or the
rose a' as the operator may desire. At the inner end of the rod there is
fixed the valve seat a³, and the outlet valve aº; a', is a pin passed
through the tube a to form a stop for the valve. The piston b is able
to traverse between the stops a*, a*, along the tube a, or rather along
a prolongation of this tube formed in one piece with the valve seat a³,
and so the piston alternately covers and uncovers the holes a³. cisa
tube forming the barrel in which the piston 6 works, at its lower end is
the suction valve c', with its seat o³, and c³ is a pin passed through the
tube to form a stop for the valve. At its upper and the tube c is fixed
into a socket piece c' which is soldered on to the outer tube d; c³ are
holes in the tube c immediately beneath the connection of the tube with
the socket piece c*. The outer tube d serves two purposes, first, it prò-
tects the barrel c and prevents its becoming bruised and so admits of a
lighter tube being used, and, second, it provides a free water passago
from the suction to the upper end of the barrel.
This outer tube d is an important feature in my Invention, and it is
applicable to syringes which in other respects differ from that shown in
the Drawing. One end of the tube d is fixed into a socket in the piece d',
to which the flexible suction pipe is attached, and its other ond is
similarly fixed into the socket piece c'; e, is a guide for the hollow
piston rod a, which it loosely fits, this guido is screwed upon the top of
the socket piece c*, and it is coned at its upper end, it receives a screw
capf. The hole by which the rod a passes through the cap fis grooved
as is shown separately in plan at Figure 2, and the joint around the rod
is packed with worsted; the worsted is wound around the rod for a short
distance and also up the cone at the end of the piece e, the capfis then
forced along the tube a over the worsted and it is screwed down into its
place.

page_text: The peculiar construction of the apparatus renders this slight packing
sufficient.
I claim the construction of hand pumps or syringes, substantially as
described.
I also claim the application of the external tube d to protect the barrel
and provide a water passage from suction pipe to the space in the barrel
above the piston, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Burnet Robins, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of Sep-
tember, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-two.