IMPROVEMENTS IN CONTINUOUS ROVING, SLUBBING, AND SPINNING FRAMES
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki, Proprietor of the
Firm of J. Brandt and G. W. v. Nawrocki, Patent Solicitor and Engineer, of
No. 124, Leipzigerstrasse, Berlin, Germany, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN CONTINUOUS ROVING, SLUBBING, AND SPINNING FRAMES." A communi-
cation by Richard Sehrke and Messrs. Büldge and Hildebrandt, all of Berlin,
in the German Empire.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Gerard Wenzesļaus von
Nawrocki at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st February
1881.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, Proprietor of the Firm of J. Brandt and
G. W. v. Nawrocki, Patent Solicitor and Engineer, of 124, Leipzigerstrasse,
Berlin, Germany. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CONTINUOUS ROVING, SLUBBING, AND
SPINNING FRAMES." [A communication by Richard Sehrke and Messrs. Büldge
and Hildebrandt, all of Berlin, in the German Empire.]
"
'"
The operation of spinning consists in drawing out a bundle of parallel fibres or
sliver" to a certain degree of attenuation and then twisting the several fibres
together. If such twisting is only effected loosely, or if it be afterwards undone
again, it is called "roving" or "slubbing." Whereas in spinning and roving
frames of present construction the sliver after having received its twist has to be
wound upon a reel, the latter process can, according to the present Invention, be
avoided, and the roving produced thereby be simply led away as it is produced,
thus rendering the improved apparatus particularly applicable for direct com-
bination with the spinning machine. In all known spinning and roving frames
furthermore the bundle of parallel fibres or the band sliver or ribbon is first drawn
or stretched and then led either continuously or intermittently to the spinning or
twisting apparatus, by which it is spun and wound upon a cop or bobbin.
According to the present Invention however the sliver, which requires to have
no twist whatever, is led continuously to the spinning apparatus, by which it is

page_text: successively twisted or spun, and the spun part led away quicker than the
untwisted part or sliver can follow, whereby this becomes drawn. While therefore
in any case only drawn slivers are subjected first to the twisting and then to the
winding, or are led away without winding, yet in existing machines the drawing
is in no way in connection with the winding of the finished product, whereas
according to the present Invention the former constitutes a function of the latter,
or, as a substitute thereof, of the leading away of the roving. In order that the
drawing may not extend to an indefinite and undeterminable length of the sliver
the latter is seized by travelling nipping instruments at definite intervals of its
length, and is by them led towards the spinning apparatus known as the "tube
engine," the said nipping instruments being so arranged upon endless travelling
bands, chains, or the like, that the sliver is not released by one nipper before it has
been laid hold of by the next, the said nippers being caused to open and
close periodically, so as to release the roving as they approach the drawing
rollers.
"
The arrangement of the said apparatus employed by preference is as follows:---
Between the sliver reel and the tube" and drawing rollers are arranged one or
more endless bands, chains, or cords stretched over pullies, by which a continuous
travelling motion is imparted thereto. On these bands are mounted a series of
nipping instruments so arranged that, as by the motion of the band the one
instrument is brought to the point nearest the sliver reel, it nips the sliver and
travels along with it towards the "tube" and drawing rollers, being at the
same time drawn to the required extent on account of the surface speed of the
drawing rollers being somewhat greater than the speed of the nipping instrument.
Arrived at the end of the forward travel the nipping instrument is caused
automatically to release the sliver before passing with the endless band round the
pulley towards the roving reel again. The nipping instruments are arranged as
follows: On the endless bands are fixed transverse bars carrying forked or slotted
guides, through which pass sliding rods; these rods carry studs or fingers
forming the moveable part of the nipping instrument, the fixed, part of which is
on the said guides. This part consists of a notched stud carrying a spring, against
which bears a semi-cylindrical shield that embraces the stud, and is held in its
notch. For nipping the sliver the sliding rod has motion imparted to it so as to
bring its fingers against the shield, so as to nip the sliver between them, the spring
action of the shield causing the nip to be effectual without accurate adjustment of
the moveable fingers. The requisite motion is imparted to the sliding rods for
alternately bringing the nipping fingers into and out of contact by means of fixed
cam shaped bars, against which rollers on the ends of the said rods are made to
bear as they travel along with the bars of the endless bands.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 29th June 1881.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, Proprietor of the Firm of J. Brandt and
G. W. v. Nawrocki, Patent Solicitor and Engineer, of No. 124, Leipzigerstrasse,
Berlin, Germany. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CONTINUOUS ROVING, SLUBBING, AND
SPINNING FRAMES." A communication by Richard Sehrke and Messrs. Büldge
and Hildebrandt, all of Berlin, in the German Empire.
The operation of spinning consists in drawing out a bundle of parallel fibres or
"sliver" to a certain degreo of attenuation, and then twisting the several fibres
together. If such twisting is only effected loosely, or if it be afterwards undone
again, it is called "roving" or "slubbing." Whereas in spinning and roving
frames of present construction the sliver after having received its twist has to be
wound upon a reel, the latter process can according to the present Invention be
avoided, and the roving produced thereby be simply led away as it is produced,
thus rendering the improved apparatus particularly applicable for direct combination
with the spinning machine. In all known spinning and roving frames, furthermore,
the bundle of parallel fibres or the band sliver or ribbon is first drawn or stretched,
and then led either continuously or intermittently to the spinning or twisting
apparatus, by which it is spun and wound upon a cop or bobbin.
According to the present Invention, however, the sliver, which requires to have
no twist whatever, is led continuously to the spinning apparatus by which it is
successively twisted or spun, and the spun part led away quicker than the
untwisted part or sliver can follow, whereby this becomes drawn. While therefore
in any case only drawn slivers are subjected first to the twisting and then to the
winding, or are led away without winding, yet in existing machines the drawing
is in no way in connection with the winding of the finished product, whereas
according to the present Invention the former constitutes a function of the latter,
or as a substitute thereof of the leading away of the roving. In order that the
drawing may not extend to an indefinite and undeterminable length of the sliver, the
latter is seized by travelling nipping instruments at definite intervals of its length,
and is by them led towards the spinning apparatus known as the "tube engine,"
the said nipping instruments being so arranged upon endless travelling bands,
chains, or the like, that the sliver is not released by one nipper before it has been
laid hold of by the next, the said nippers being caused to open and close
periodically so as to release the roving as they approach the drawing rollers.
The arrangement of the said apparatus employed by preference is as follows:-
Between the sliver reel and the "tube" and drawing rollers are arranged one or
more endless bands, chains, or cords, stretched over pulleys by which a continuous
travelling motion is imparted thereto. On these bands are mounted a series of
nipping instruments, so arranged that as by the motion of the band the one
instrument is brought to the point nearest the sliver reel, it nips the sliver and
travels along with it towards the "tube" and drawing rollers, being at the same
time drawn to the required extent on account of the surface speed of the drawing
rollers being soine what greater than the speed of the nipping instrument. Arrived
at the end of the forward travel, the nipping instrument is caused automatically to
release the sliver before passing with the endless band round the pulley towards
the roving reel again. The nipping instruments are arranged as follows:-On the
endless bands are fixed transverse bars carrying forked or slotted guides through
which pass sliding rods; these rods carry studs or fingers forming the moveable part
of the nipping instrument, the fixed part of which is on the said guides. This part

page_text: consists of a notched stud carrying a spring, against which bears a semi-cylindrical
shield that embraces the stud and is held in its notch. For nipping the sliver the
sliding rod has motion imparted to it so as to bring its fingers against the shield
so as to nip the sliver between them, the spring action of the shield causing the
nip to be effectual without accurate adjustment of the moveable fingers. The
requisite motion is imparted to the sliding rods for alternately bringing the nipping
fingers into and out of contact by means of fixed cam shaped bars, against which
rollers on the ends of the said rods are made to boar as they travel along with the
bars of the endless bands.
15 a longitudmal section, Fig. 2 is a plan, and Fig. 3 is an end view
shewing the travelling nipping apparatus for a single yarn, and Fig. 4 shews
separately parts of one of the nippers. A and B are two pullies giving motion to
the endless band C. On this band are fixed at equal intervals apart three bars D,
on each of which is fixed a bridge piece E, having a horn projecting above the
bridge notched at the back and carrying on its face a spring F. In the arch of the
piece E is fitted to slide a bar H having a stud I projecting up from it.
A dog G,
shewn in side view and in plan in Fig. 4, has a slot through it, so that by
compressing the spring F it can be pushed over the horn of E, the back of the slot
of G then engaging in the notch of the horn. The face of G is rounded, and
between this face and that of the stud I the yarn is nipped when I is pressed up
against G, the yarn being released from the nip when I is moved away from G, as
will presently be described, by mechanism so arranged that each nipper, such as K
(Fig. 1), is made to take hold of the yarn just before the preceding nipper, such
as K (Fig. 1), releases it. Such being the construction of nipping apparatus for a
single yarn a number of these are arranged side by side for dealing with a number
of parallel yarns and carrying them onwards from the sliver roller to the tubes
and drawing rollers. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section, Fig. 6 is a plan, and Fig. 7 is
a side view of the combined apparatus for six yarns, which number might however
be varied, as may be readily understood. M is the roll of sliver caused to revolve
by frictional contact with the roller L, which is driven by the pulley o and strap m
from a pulley on the axis of the pullies B, this latter axis being driven by a
pulley and strap e from a pulley d on the axis of the lower drawing roller Q.
There are two sets of the pullies A and B, as described above, on two parallel axes
giving motion to two endless bands C and C. On these two bands are fixed the
three bars D, each having on it six sets of nippers, the six studs I of which are in
each case on one sliding bar H. Each of the bars H has at each end a roller c,
which travels along sloped guides w, s, t, at one side of the machine and u, v, at
the other side. By means of these guides acting on the rollers c the bars H, as
they travel along with the bands C, C¹, are caused to move lengthwise, so that the
studs I upon them follow the paths indicated by the dotted lines, ', in Fig. 6.
The yarn slivers o, o, from M, being led through the guides a, a, and between the
stud I and the piece G of each nipper are conducted through the twisting tubes P
and then between the drawing rollers Q and R. They are nipped by the studs I
coming to bear against the pieces when the nippers are in the position K
(Figs. 6 and 7), and they are released by the departure of the studs I from the
pieces G when the nippers are in the position K. The spring F in each nippér
allows for any inequality of yarn or adjustment, so that a number of the studs I
can in each case be worked by a single bar H. Although the Drawings shew three
sets of nipping apparatus on each endless band there might obviously be a greater
number and the band pullies might be driven by gearing. The speed of the nippers
being somewhat less than the surface speed of the drawing rollers the yarn sliver
undergoes between them a slight stretch, which the twist given by the tubes P
enables it to sustain.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my correspondents,
I claim,
First. The combination with a spinning machine of travelling nippers, which
successively nip the sliver yarns, carry them onwards towards the twisting and
drawing apparatus and release them, substantially as and for the purpose herein set
forth.
Second. The combination of the endless band C, the bars D, dogs E with their
springs F, sliding bars H with their studs I, constituting the travelling nippers,
substantially as herein described.
Third. The combination of the sliding bars II and their rollers c with the
inclined guides w, s, t, and u, v, constituting the apparatus for closing and
opening the nippers as they travel, substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki, have
bereunto set my hand and seal, this wenty sixth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKT. (L.S.)