An Improved Expanding Plug for Parallel Screw-valves.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Feb., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 1st Nov., 1890-Accepted, 6th Dec., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Expanding Plug for Parallel Screw-valves.
1, GEORGE MAULE MARCHANT, of Chapel Hill, Huddersfield, Yorkshire, Brass
Founder and Finisher, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
or steam
My invention relates to that class of screw valve where the plug or block for
stopping the thoroughfare is moved up and down vertically by a screw, the object
of my invention being to make the valve thoroughly water or steam tight. According
to my invention I cut the plug or block in two in an angular direction, so that
upon one or both halves of the plug or block being pushed laterally, the inclined
or wedge surfaces thrust the faces of the two halves of the plug or block against
the internal faces of the valve, whereby the said valve is made water
tight. The means I employ for giving the two halves of the plug or block the
lateral or sidewise movement, consists in forming an inclined projection on each
half of the plug or block, fitting into corresponding recesses in the valve casing,
so that on the said severed plug or block being screwed down, the inclined pro-
jections, come into contact with other wedges inside the casing and so force each
half of the plug sideways, the effect of which is to widen or thicken the plug,
causing the faces to bind, as already stated, tightly against the faces of the valve.
It will be understood that instead of the projections being on the plug, and the
recesses in the valve casing, that these parts may be reversed; and it must also
be understood that the improvements are applicable to all descriptions of valves
having a rising and falling plug, and whether employed for water, steam, gas, or
other liquids or fluids.
Instead of the plug or block being divided by flat angular surfaces, it may be
severed so as to have cam surfaces and projections, which on being forced down the
valve, such projections come into contact with internal wedges or projections
forcing the cam surfaces asunder so as to force the faces thereof against the valve
seating after the manner of that already described.
Dated this 31st day of January 1890.
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Huddersfield, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Expanding Plug for Parallel Screw-valves.
I, GEORGE MAULE MARCHANT, of Chapel Hill, Huddersfield, Yorkshire, Brass
Founder and Finisher, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
My invention relates to that class of screw valve where the plug or block for
stopping the thoroughfare is moved up and down vertically by a screw, the object
of my invention being to make the valve thoroughly water or steam tight.
According to my invention I cut the plug or block in two in an angular direction
so that upon one or both halves of the plug or block being pushed laterally, the
inclined or wedge surfaces thrust the faces of the two halves of the plug or block
against the internal faces of the valve, whereby the said valve is made water or
steam tight. The means I employ for giving the two halves of the plug or block
the lateral or sidewise movement, consists in forming an inclined projection on
each half of the plug or block fitting into corresponding recesses in the valve
casing, so that on the said severed plug or block being screwed down, the inclined
27

page_text: projections come into contact with other wedges inside the casing, and so force
each half of the plug sideways, the effect of which is to widen or thicken the
plug, causing the faces to work or press, as already stated, tightly against the
faces of the valve.
Instead of the plug or block being divided by flat angular surfaces, it may be
severed so as to have cam or screw surfaces and projections, which on being forced
down the valve, such projections come into contact with internal welges or projections,
forcing the cam surfaces asunder or apart so as to force the faces thereof against the
valve seating after the manner of that already described.
Such being the nature and object of my said invention, I will now proceed to
describe the same more fully, and for that purpose make reference to the accompanying
sheets of drawings illustrative thereof, wherein
Fig. 1 is vertical section of a parallel faced screwed stop valve having my improve-
ments applied thereto, and
Fig. 2 is section of same taken through the line a b of Fig. 1.
A represents the box or outer casing of the valve, B the spindle, the lower end of
which enters into a nut C, the upper end thereof being connected to hand wheel D
employed for the purpose of working the screw and nut up and down vertically in
the ordinary manner and well understood in this class of valve.
One method of carrying out my invention in this class of valve consists in placing
on each side of the nut C two halves of a plug or block E and F divided vertically in
an angular direction, as shewn in plan view Fig. 2. These plugs E and F are each
provided with a wedged or inclined side piece c, and they are arranged to come into
contact with inclined or wedge shaped surfaces d formed within the valve casing A
so that when the spindle B is operated in a downward direction, the side pieces e are
forced down the inclined surfaces d in such a manner as to force the plugs E and F
sideways laterally, which brings the two halves of the divided plug into position
shewn in Fig. 3, the effect of which is to widen the two plugs, forcing them apart in
the direction indicated by arrows, whereby the outer face of each plug is thrust with
considerable pressure against the internal face of the valve, whereby it is made
thoroughly water or steam tight, entirely preventing the passage of liquids or
vapour. On the screwed spindle B being reversed and the side pieces e inade to
slide upwards vertically, the parts E and F are slackened to permit of the valve being
opened. The two halves of the plug E and F surround the nut C between the
upper collar e and the lower collar or flange f of Fig. 1, but in Fig. 4 a collar
the bottom of the nut Centers a recess in each part of the divided plug E, F, which
is simply another way of working the two halves of the divided plug up and down
within the valve.
at
Fig. 5 is vertical section of another method of expanding the plug or block of
parallel screw faced valves by means of wedged or inclined surfaces, and Fig. 6 is
cross section of same. In this case the screwed spindle B and nut Care employed
as before; two sides of such said nut being made with inclined or cam surfaces as
shewn at and i, and on each of such cammed sides is a projecting stud j. I also
employ on each side of the nut a disc G, having on the inner side thereof screw
or cammed surfaces corresponding to those on the side of the nut, such disc being
made with a recess for receiving and working upon the stud projecting from the
nut; therefore when the nut is made to descend into the casing of the valve, for the
purpose of closing the thoroughfare as shewn in Fig. 7, a projection k on the disc G
is made to come, in its downward movement, against a projection formed within
the valve casing (see Fig. 8) whereby the said discs are made to oscillate upon
the stud j, in doing which the plugs are widened or forced further apart, causing the
flat faces thereof to be forced with great pressure against the internal faces of the
valve, as is the case with regard to Figs. 1 and 2, whereby the valve is made thoroughly
water and steam tight. On the spindle B being raised, the projection m on the disc G
is made to ride or slide up an inclined surface n in the valve casing, causing the
discs to be oscillated back, whereby the parts are slackened, permitting the valve to be
readily opened.

page_text: Fig. 9 is a section of nut C and disc G showing how it fits onto the stud j.
Instead of employing the projection n within the valve for oscillating the discs so
as to slacken them, strong steel springs o (see Fig. 10) may be employed for causing
the discs to oscillate upon the studs, the free end of such flat springs acting against
the upper part of each disc.
Instead of the discs G being formed with cam surfaces and working against corre-
sponding cam surfaces on each side of the nut C, each disc may be provided with a
screwed stud p made to enter openings formed within the nut (see Fig. 11) so that
when the screw B forces the nut downwards, the projections on the disc act on
the projections within the valve, as already described, and as the discs oscillate, the
screwed studs cause the discs to expand or widen, forcing the faces thereof against the
internal parts of the valve so that they are closed as already described with regard to
the preceding figures; projections n or springs o being employed to slacken or move
the discs back to their normal position on the valves being opened as previously
described.
Fig. 12 is vertical section of a parallel screw valve having a long bearing. In this
case the nut C and cammed discs G. are employed and operated in the same manner
as in Figs. 5 and 6, but instead of the outer surfaces of each disc working against the
internal faces of the valve, I place an intermediate plate H at each side thereof, shewn
again in Fig. 13, which is front view of one of the said plates. In this case the
bottom of the nut C, together with the intermediate side plates H, are screwed down
into the chamber 1 for the purpose of closing the valve, and when opened they are
raised into the position shewn in Fig. 12.
Instead of employing two discs, as shewn in Figs. 5 to 12, 1 may dispense with one
of said dises and enlarge one side of the nut C correspondingly so that when the
valve is closed, the disc and opposite side of the nut Cabut tightly against the valve
seating. This method may be adopted when a cheaper valve is required.
It will be understood that instead of the projections and recesses occupying the
positions shewn in the drawings, these parts may be reversed; and it must also be
understood that the improvements shewn and described are applicable to all
descriptions of valves having a rising and falling plug or block, and whether employed
for water, steam, gas, or other liquids or fluids.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
Firstly. In parallel screw faced valves, the use of a divided plug or block having
inclined or wedge shaped surfaces operated so as to be forced against the valve seating
in manner substantially as described and shewn in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4.
Secondly. In parallel faced screw valves, the combination therewith of plugs
expanded laterally by cam, wedge, or scroll shaped surfaces, substantially as shewn
with regard to Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8, and operated in the manner described herein.
Thirdly. In parallel screw valves, the combination therewith of oscillating discs or
expansion plugs widened laterally by cam or screwed surfaces as shewn in Fig. 11
and described herein.
Fourthly. In parallel screw valves, the combination therewith of oscillating discs
or expansion plugs, operated as described, in combination with intermediate plates H
as shewn in Fig. 12 and described herein.
Fifthly. In parallel screw valves, the combination of a screwed nut and one
expanding surface, operated laterally by cam, wedge or scroll shaped surface, sub-
stantially as described.
Dated this 21-4 ...
1000
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Huddersfield and Halifax, Agents for Applicant.