Improvements in Apparatus known as Fuel Economizers.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Oct., 1887
Specification Accepted, 25th Nov., 1887
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus known as Fuel Economizers.
I GARDNER CHANDLER HAWKINS of Boston, County of Suffolk, State of
Massachusetts U.S.A. Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention is designed as an improvement in Fuel Economizers of the kind
described in the Specifications of Letters Patent granted to Arthur Lowcock and
Thomas Sykes No. 16905 dated December 24, 1884 and No. 2875 dated March 4th
1885 and has for its object to provide suitable means of communication between the
several bottom boxes and also between the several top boxes, so that the outside branch
pipe located outside the masonry and connecting the several boxes by the ends of
the boxes which extend through the masonry, may be omitted.
In accordance with this invention the several boxes are placed side by side and
provided near one end with lateral openings which register, so as to form a continuous
transverse passage from end to end of the series.
One end of the said passage is closed and a pipe is fitted to the opposite end which
serves as an outlet pipe.
The several bottom boxes, each having an inclined bottom are placed side by side'
and provided near each end with lateral openings which register so as to form two
independent continuous transverse passages from end to end of the series and at
opposite ends of the boxes.
One of the passages as at the deepest part of the series of boxes or near the point
where the declining bottom terminates, serves as a blow-off passage to remove the
sedimentary material, and the other passage at the opposite end of the said boxes
serves as an inlet passage each of said passages being closed at one end and provided
at the other end with suitable pipes.
Figure 1 shows in side elevation a fuel economizer embodying this invention, the
vertical pipes being broken to save space upon the drawing and the masonry being
taken in section.
Figure 2 a vertical section of the fuel economizer shown in Figure 1 taken on the
dotted line x-x, and
Figure 3 a modified form of fastening for the boxes to be referred to.

page_text: The bottom boxes a, herein shown as seven in number each having an inclined
bottom as represented in Figure 1; the top boxes b corresponding in number with
the number of bottom boxes a, and the vertical pipes c fitted into openings formed
in the upper side of the bottom boxes and the underside of the top boxes, eight
such pipes being herein shown in connection with each bottom and top box, or 56 in
all, are similar to corresponding parts in the patents referred to.
In the present instance the top boxes are placed side by side and each is provided
with lateral openings as which register or communicate with each other to thereby
form a continuous transverse passage 2 from end to end of the series of boxes as
shown in Figure 2.
The passage 2 thus formed by the openings b' is closed at one end as by a cap 62
and at the opposite end a curved or other suitably shaped pipe 63 is fitted which forms
a continuation of the said passage 2, said pipe serving as an outlet pipe.
A long bolt passes through the material of the pipe 6, thence through the
passage 2 to the cap 2, said bolt having suitable nuts at each end which serve as
fastenings to clamp or hold the boxes rigidly in position although it is obvious that
any other suitable fastening may be employed in lieu of those shown.
The bottom boxes a are placed side by side and are provided near one end, namely,
at or near the point where the bottom ceases to further decline, with lateral openings a¹
which register or communicate one with another to thereby form a continuous
transverse passage 3 from end to end of the series of boxes a, as shown in Figure 2,
said passage 3 serving as a blow-off passage and being located at the deepest portion
of the boxes, is employed to remove the sedimentary material from the apparatus.
One end of the passage 3 is closed by a cap a², and the other end is provided with
a suitable pipe a³.
A bolt a passes through the material of the pipe a³, thence through the passage 3
and through the cap a², said bolt having at each end nuts which upon being tightened
clamp the several boxes rigidly together.
To aid in forming tight joint connections lateral flanges a' are provided surrounding
all the openings a¹ which flanges abut against each other.
The bottom boxes at their opposite ends, are also provided with lateral openings
similar to the openings a' just described, to form a continuous transverse passage at
the opposite end, which passage extends from end to end of the series and is provided
at one end with a cap d to close it and at the opposite end with a pipe d³, said passage
serving as an inlet passage.
A bolt similar to the bolt a passes through the material of the pipe d', thence
through the passage and through the cap d, which bolt is employed to aid in binding
the boxes rigidly together.
In lieu of the bolts herein shown as fastenings, the ends of both top and bottom
boxes, or either of them, may be provided with ears as shown in Figure 3, and the
said boxes be independently attached one to the other.
By providing the inlet and outlet and blow-off passages as shown and described within
the masonry, any one of the sections may be removed when desired without cutting away
the masonry which has been a serious objection to the form shown in the patents
referred to, as in the said patents each box terminates by a short pipe passing through
the masonary, said short pipes being connected by an outside branch or connecting
pipe, and to remove any section the masonry must be cut away to permit the said
short pipe which is formed integral with the box to be removed.
It is obvious that the essential features of this invention are equally as well
applicable to any form of bottom box whether the lower side is made inclined or level.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a fuel economizer, the vertical pipes, combined with the top and bottom boxes
with which they are connected the said top and bottom boxes having the herein
described continuous transverse passages, as and for the purpose set forth.

page_text: 2. In a fuel economizer, the bottom boxes, and vertical pipes, combined with a top™
box having the transverse outlet passage 2, substantially as described.
3. In a fuel economizer, the top-box, and the vertical pipes, combined with the
bottom-box having at or near each end the herein described inlet and blow-off
passages, substantially as described.
4. In a fuel economizer, the top-boxes having a transverse outlet passage 3, and
a fastener for the boxes, and the vertical pipes, combined with the bottom boxes having
the described inlet and blow-off passages, and the fastening for said boxes, substantially
as and for the purposes set forth.
5. In a fuel economizer the top-boxes and the vertical pipes, combined with the
bottom-boxes having one or more transverse passages, substantially as and for the
purposes specified.
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Agents for the Applicant.