IMPROVE- MENTS IN ROTARY ENGINES AND PUMPS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Loader, of Upper Clifton Street, Worship
Square, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN ROTARY ENGINES AND PUMPS."
Sealed the 25th February 1870, and dated the 28th August 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Loader at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th August 1869.
I, JOHN LOADER, of Upper Clifton Street, Worship Square, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTARY ENGINES AND PUMPS," to be as follows:-
The Invention has for its object improvements in rotary engines and
pumps. For this purpose a central shaft or axis having a crank pin
or eccentric formed on or carried thereby is passed through a cylinder,
and on such crank pin or eccentric is mounted a disc or piston, which
is carried round thereby with its periphery in contact with the inner

page_text: periphery of the cylinder, as has heretofore been proposed, but instead
of allowing the disc or piston to completely revolve upon its axis it is
only allowed slightly to rock to and fro thereon by connecting the stop
or abutment to such disc or piston by means of a cylindrical joint, which
may be connected to the stop or abutment, in which case the stop or
abutment will be caused to slide to and fro in a suitable slot formed
for it in the cylinder. Or the stop or abutment may be rigidly fixed in
the cylinder and may pass through the two parts of a cylindrical joint
working in a correspondingly formed recess within the disc or piston, a
suitable space being formed within the disc or piston to receive the stop
or abutment as the disc or piston is carried round by the crank pin or
eccentric on which it is mounted, the two parts of the cylindrical joint
being forced together in any suitable manner so as to make a tight
joint at those parts. The disc or piston is provided with a number of
elastic packing pieces, which are received into suitable undercut recesses
formed across the periphery of the disc or piston, whilst the sides thereof
are kept steam-tight by means of a disc or plate forced up thereto by
means of screws. The steam or other motive fluid is admitted at one
side of the stop or abutment and close thereto, whilst the exhaust port
is close to the other side, and if desired to work the steam or other
motive fluid expansively I cause the steam to enter at the side of the
stop or abutment, and cut a passage therein which terminates at a
suitable dstance from its connection with with the disc or piston; by
these means the steam passage is closed a suitable time before the outlet
port is opened.
In order to enable the engine to be reversed when desired I employ
two sets of inlet and outlet valves, as will be well understood.
The Invention above described with slight modifications may also be
employed as a rotary pump.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Loader in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 28th February 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
LOADER, of Upper Clifton Street, Worship Square, in the County of
Middlesex, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the
thirty-third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said John Loader, Her special
licence, that I, the said John Loader, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Loader, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ROTARY ENGINES AND PUMPS," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said John Loader, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said In-
vention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Loader, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The Invention has for its object improvements in rotary engines and
pumps. For this purpose a central shaft or axis having a crank pin or
eccentric formed on or carried thereby is passed through a cylinder,
and on such crank pin or eccentric is mounted a disc or piston, which
is carried round thereby with its periphery in contact with the inner
periphery of the cylinder, as has heretofore been proposed, but instead
of allowing the disc or piston to completely revolve upon its axis it is
only allowed slightly to rock to and fro thereon by connecting the stop
or abutment to such disc or piston by means of a cylindrical joint, which
may be connected to the stop or abutment, in which case the stop or
abutment will be caused to slide to and fro in a suitable slot formed
for it in the cylinder.. Or the stop or abutment may be rigidly fixed
in the cylinder, and may pass through the two parts of a cylindrical
joint working in a correspondingly formed recess within the disc or

page_text: of a cylindrical joint e¹ formed thereon, as shown at Figures 3 and 4, in
which case the stop or abutment is caused to move to and fro in a
suitable recess d¹ formed for it in the cylinder d, one side of such stop
or abutment e being suitably recessed in the cylinder, and the other in
the plate or cover d³. Or the stop or abutment e may be rigidly fixed
in the cylinder d, as shown at Figures 1 and 2, and may pass through
the two parts of a cylindrical joint e' working in a correspondingly
formed recess within the disc or piston c, a suitable space or cavity c¹
being formed within the disc or piston c to receive the stop or abut-
ment e as the disc or piston c is carried round the axis a by the crank
pin or eccentric b on which it is mounted. The two parts of the cylin-
drical joint are forced together by means of a spring & acting upon a
packing piece e³, as shown, or by other suitable means, so as to render
it self-adjusting as wear takes place. The disc or piston c is provided
with a number of packing pieces c, which are received into suitable
under-cut recesses d³ formed across the periphery of the disc or piston c.
These packing pieces c² are acted upon by spiral or other springs to
force them outwards away from the axis of the disc or piston cand
press them towards the inner periphery of the cylinder d, thereby to
maintain a tight joint between the piston and cylinder, whilst I pack
the sides by means of a disc or plate f forced up to the disc or piston c
by means of screws, as shewn. The steam or other motive fluid is
admitted to the cylinder by means of a passage g, whilst it passes away
by the exhaust port h. In the Drawings the steam passage g is shown
to be formed within the stop or abutment e, and at a suitable distance
from the cylindrical joint e', by which means the steam passage is closed
a suitable time before the exhaust port is opened, whereby the steam is
worked expansively.
In order to enable the engine to be reversed when desired two sets of
inlet and outlet valves or a four-way cock may be employed, as will be
well understood.
It will be obvious that the packing pieces may, if desired, be
received into suitable undercut recesses formed for them in the cylinder,
and a plain disc or piston may be employed, the packing pieces c' being
forced up to the disc or piston in any suitable manner.
The Invention above described is also applicable to rotary pumps for
either air or liquid, and may be employed as a gas exhauster, or for
other purposes for which a pump may be employed, only slight modi-

page_text: fications, such as the employment of larger inlet and outlet passages,
being required, as will be well understood.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
mode in which I carry the same into effect, I would have it understood.
that what I claim is,-
First. The novel combinations and arrangements of rotary engines
and pumps, substantially as herein shown and described.
Secondly. I claim the employment of elastic packing pieces of to
effect a tight joint between the disc or piston and the cylinder, in
manner substantially as herein shown and described.
And, thirdly. I claim the employment of stops or abutments e con-
nected with a disc or piston c, and operating in the modes substantially
as herein shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Loader, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
Witness,
FRED. HARRIS,
Patent Agent,
35, Southampton Buildings.
JOHN LOADER. (L.S.)