IMPROVEMENTS IN BINS AND CANISTERS AND IN FITTINGS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1884

page_text: I WILLIAM PARNALL of 108 Victoria Street in the City and County of Bristol
Scale maker do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
BINS AND CANISTERS AND IN FITTINGS CONNECTED THEREWITH to be as follows:-
Supported by the floor or ground and mounted upon a shelf which I prefer to
make of wood and place at a distance of twelve inches from the floor or ground
or any greater distance not exceeding five feet from the floor or ground to the
bottoin of the bins, receptacles or canisters hereafter to be described. I place or
erect or fix any convenient number of receptacles bins or canisters of any ordinary
exterior shape such as are used in Tea Shops, Grocers Shops, and the like or I may
construct any special shape receptacle, bin, or canister not now in use in trade, but
I prefer to make a receptacle or bin whose four sides are at right angles or nearly
so, in other words box shape or similar to an ordinary tea-chest but altered in
height width and depth and the internal construction tapering at the base to suit
the various fittings I may construct or caused to be manufactured. These recep-
tacles, bins, or canisters I may mount on bearers or place flat upon the bin-shelf if
preferred.
All the receptacles, bins, or canisters I may construct are so made inside as to
form a shute tapering near the base, above or below it with an aperture at the
bottom of the shute, or in any position on either side of the receptacle, bin, or
canister, which allows the contents of the receptacles, bins, or canisters, to fall or
slide into or near the centre of the receptacle, bin or canister at its base, or the
contents of the receptacle, bin, or canister may (by means of the said tapering
shute) be conveyed to any position intended. I provide at the bottom of the said
shute a check of sheet metal or other material to prevent the contents of the said
receptacles, bins, or canisters falling further than I intend it so to do. At the base
of the front, or in any part of the front or in any part of either side of a rectangular
receptacle, bin or canister, or in any part except the top of a circular receptacle,
bin, or canister, or partly circular and partly flat or square, or angular receptacle
bin, or canister I make openings of various shapes, preferably round or semicircular,
these openings admit of my withdrawing the contents of the receptacles, bins, or
canisters from the bottom instead of from the top as usual, and also without lifting
the cover usually provided in the top of the bins, canisters and the like. In some
cases I provide a cover in the front top face of the receptacle or bin. I also con-
struct receptacles and bins of wood or any other suitable material, and when so
constructed I make the receptacle or bin form part of the fixture or fitting, the
interior being constructed in the tapering shute form as before described. Whether
the receptacle or bin forms part of the fixture or is independant of it, I mako

page_text: openings or doors at the top of each receptacle or bin, also corresponding openings
or doors in the shelf immediately over the top or covers of the said receptacles or
bins. These receptacles or bins whether of metal, wood or any other material
I enclose with doors, or vertical coverings, these doors or coverings being provided
with an aperture (made almost air tight when closed by the small doors bereafter
described) which admits of a scorp or other utensel being thrust into the opening
formed at the bottom of the tapering shute before described From and through
these openings I am enabled to draw out in a scoop the contents of the receptacles,
bins, or canisters. In some forms of fitting I place the receptacles, bins, or
canisters, quiet independant of the before named doors or coverings, but having
the smaller openings and doors herein described. Another part of my invention
consists in fixing the doors or fronts to the receptacles or bins instead of to the
fixtures or fittings, or I may dispense with doors and use the receptacles, bins, or
canisters without them. The doors herein referred to I may hang on hinges, or
make to slide up or down or from left to right, or from right to left or fix in any
other known manner that I may find useful or convenient, or I may place them in
position without hinges or guides of any kind, or they may form part of the
receptacles, bins, or canisters, or part of the fitting, or they may be held in position
by means of bolts hooks or any other fastening. Attached to the front of the main
body of each receptacle, bin, or canister, or to the doors, or coverings last described,
I fix by hinges or as described above a small door, sufficiently large to cover the
aperture in the larger door, or the opening in the receptacle, bin, or canister, this
small door when closed effectually keeps back the contents of the receptacle, bin, or
canister, and in the case of such articles as tea, coffee, pepper, spice and the like,
prevents the aroma or strength of the article from escaping into the atmosphere.
These small doors I provide with bandles or knobs the ends of which on the outer-
side are provided with a piece of india-rubber.
I fix to the upper or inside of some of these smaller doors, round plates or metal
trays turned up or not at the edge, when the small doors are closed the round
plates or trays assist in making the recess or aperture air-tight. The large doors
forming the front or enclosing the receptacles, bins, or canisters, I construct of
wood, metal, or any other material or part wood and metal japanned and orna-
mented or plain, or part wood and glass ornamented or plain or part wood and
ornamented looking glass or mirror, or part wood and brass, copper, or any other
metal. In the shelf at the top of the hereinbefore described receptacles, bins, or
canisters said shelf forming part of the Fittings and assisting in entirely enclosing
the receptacles, bins, or canisters, in this shelf I cut openings or doors, imme-
diately above the openings in the receptacles, bins, or canisters, these doors or
openings enabling the receptacles, bins, or canisters to be filled from the top with-
out removal. I also use this shelf to carry the weight of any other shelves or
fixtures I may place above it. In some establishments it will be found advan-
tageous to fill the receptacles, bins, or canisters, from the floor above, and not
remove them from the fitting, for this purpose I make openings in the floor next
above the fittings receptacles, bins, and canisters and connect these receptacles,
bins, or canisters with the floor above by means of metal pipes, wood or metal
shutes or by means of long bags without tops or bottoms, the pipes, shutes, or bags
conveying the material from the floor above to the interior of the receptacles, bins,
or canisters.
These Fittings, receptacles, bins, or canisters, may be constructed for any trade,
but I have invented the same more especially for the use of Tea dealers, Grocers,
and the like.

page_text: I WILLIAM PARNALL of 108 Victoria Street in the City and county of Bristol,
Scale Maker do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN FITTINGS, RECEPTACLES, BINS AND CANISTERS aud in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
Supported by the floor or ground and mounted upon a shelf which I prefer to
make of wood and place at a distance of twelve inches from the floor or ground or
any greater distance not exceeding five feet from the floor or ground to the bottom
of the bins, receptacles or Canisters hereafter to be described. I place or erect or
fix any convenient number of receptacles, bins, or Canisters, of any ordinary
exterior shape such as are used in Tea Shops, Grocers' Shops and the like or I may
construct any special shape receptacle, bin, or canister not now in use in trade, but I
prefer to make a receptacle or bin whose four sides are at right angles or nearly so, in
other words box-shape or similar to an ordinary tea-chest but altered, in height, width
and depth, and the internal construction tapering or semi-circular and the like at
the base to suit the various fittings I may construct or cause to be manufactured.
These receptacles, bins, or canisters I may mount on bearers or place flat upon the
bin-shelf if preferred. All the receptacles, bins, or canisters I may construct are so
made inside as to form a shute tapering or semi-circular and the like near the
base, above or below it, with an aperture at the bottom of the shute, or in any
position on either side of the receptacle, bin, or canister, which allows the contents
of the receptacles, bins or canisters, to fall or slide into or near the centre of the
receptacle, bin, or canister at its base, or the contents of the receptacle, hin or
canister, may (by means of the said tapering shute) be conveyed to any position
intended. I provide at or near the bottom of the said shute a check of sheet metal
or other material to prevent the contents of the said receptacles, bins, or canisters
falling further than I intend them so to do. At the base of the front, or in any
part of the front, or in any part of either side of a rectangular receptacle, bin,
or canister, or in any part except the top of a circular receptacle, bin, or canister,
or partly circular and partly flat or square, or angular receptacle, bin, or canister, I
make openings of various shapes, preferrably round oblong, square or semicircular,
these openings admit of my withdrawing the contents of the receptacles, bins, or
canisters from the bottom instead of from the top as usual, and also without lifting
the cover usually provided in the top of the bins, canisters and the like. In some
cases I provide a cover in the front top face of the receptacle, or bin. I also
construct receptacles and bins of wood, or any other suitable material, and when 80
constructed 1 make the receptacle or bin form part of the fixture or fitting, the
interior being constructed in the tapering shute form or semi-circular or otherwise
as before or hereafter described. Whether the receptacle or bin forms part of the
fixture or is independent of it, I make openings or doors at the top of each
receptacle or bin, also corresponding openings or doors in the shelf immediately over
the tops or covers of the said receptacles or bins. These receptacles or bins, whether
of metal, wood, or any other material, I enclose with doors, or vertical coverings,
these doors or coverings being provided with an aperture (made almost air-tight
when closed by the small doors hereafter described) which admits of a scoop or
other utensil being thrust into the opening formed at the bottom of the tapering
shute before described. From and through these openings I am enabled to draw
out in a scoop the contents of the receptacles, bins, or canisters. In some forms of
Fitting I place the receptacles, bins, or canisters, quite independent of the before
named doors or coverings, but having the smaller openings and doors herein
•

page_text: described. Another part of my invention consists in fixing the doors or fronts
to the receptacles or bins instead of to the fixtures or fittings, or I may dispense
with doors and fittings and use the receptacles, bins, or canisters without them.
The doors herein referred to I may hang on hinges, or make to slide up or down,
or from left to right, or from right to left, or fix in any other known manner that
I may find useful or convenient, or. I may place them in position without hinges or
guides of any kind, or they may form part of the receptacles, bins, or canisters, or
part of the fitting, or they may be held in position by means of bolts, hooks, or any
other fastening.
Attached to the front of the main body of each receptacle, bin, or canister, or to
the doors, or coverings last described, I fix by binges or as described above a small
door, sufficiently large to cover the aperture in the larger door, or the opening in the
receptacle, bin, or canister, this small door when closed, effectually keeps back the
contents of the receptacle, bin, or canister, and in the case of such articles as tea,
coffee, pepper, spice and the like, prevents the aroma or strength of the article
from escaping into the atmosphere. These small doors I provide with handles or
knobs the ends of which on the outerside are provided with a piece of india rubber,
or not. I fix to the upper or inside of some of these smaller doors, round plates
or metal trays turned up or not at the edge. When the small doors are closed the
round plates or trays assist in making the recess or aperture air-tight. The large
doors forming the front or enclosing the receptacles, bins, or canisters, I construct
of wood, metal, or any other material with or without carved ornaments on the
face or part wood and metal japanned and ornamented or plain, or part wood and
glass ornamented or plain, or part wood and ornamented looking glass, or mirror or
clear transparent glass or part wood and brass, copper or any other metal. In the
shelf at the top of the herein before described receptacles, bins, or canisters said
shelf forming part of the Fittings and assisting in entirely enclosing the receptacles,
bins, or canisters, in this shelf I cut openings or doors, immediately above the
openings in the receptacles, bins, or canisters, these doors or openings enabling the
receptacles, bins, or canisters to be filled from the top without removal.
I also use this shelf to carry the weight of any other shelves or fixtures I may
place above it. In some establishments it will be found advantageous to fill the
receptacles, bins, or canisters, from the floor above, and not remove them from the
fitting, for this purpose I make openings in the floor next above the fittings,
receptacles, bins and canisters and connect these receptacles, bins, or canisters, with
the floor above by means of metal pipes, wood or metal shutes or by means of long
bags, without tops or bottoms, the pipes, shutes, or bags conveying the material
from the floor above to the interior of the receptacles, bins, or canistera
These Fittings, receptacles, bins, or canisters may be constructed for any trade,
but I have invented the same more especially for the use of Tea dealers, Grocers
and the like.
The invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the accompanying
drawings.
A. A. Figs and 4 represent the ground line or floor.
B. B. B. B Figs 1. 2. 3 and 4 show the position of the shelves supporting the
receptacles, bins or canisters, the intervening space being filled up with drawers,
cupboards, doors, shelves and the like as shown from A to B, or it may be fitted in
any other manner that may be found convenient or useful. Letters C. C. C. C. C. C.
Figs 1 and 2 represent portable stops or knobs (a larger view of these is shown in
perspective at C Fig 5) these stops are made of wood or any other suitable material,
the top part is recessed into this recess I place circular discs of india rubber or any
other similar material. When the stop is in its position on the shelf the recess
receives the end of the handle shown at D D D D D D Figs and 2 these said
handles when allowed to drop on the said india rubber are thus prevented from
making an unpleasant sound and the doors may be thrown open with greater speed
without injuring the woodwork upon which the handles would otherwise fall, strike
or rest,

page_text: E Fig 1 is a front view of a receptacle, bin or canister having 3 or more sides
preferably 4 similar to an ordinary tea chest, the front is fitted with a door and
handle, a second and larger handle is attached to or sunk into the top front part of
the receptacle, bin or canister. The interior of this receptacle is formed as before
described in the shute form and is placed upon the shelf B Fig 1 and when in
position forms part of the fixture Fig 1. See also perspective view Fig 6.
F Fig 1 is a front view of a receptacle, bin or canister having 5, 6, 7, 8 or more
Bidles and except the greater number of sides, it is in other respects the same as
E Fig 1. Any of these receptacles, bins or canisters I may fit with semicircular
backs. See also perspective view Fig 7.
G G Figs 1 and 4 are front and sectional views of a receptacle, bin or canister
either oval; round or the like. The small door in front may be hinged or attached
in any other convenient form. See also perspective view Fig 8.
H Fig 1 is a front view of
with shelves, the door at D
perspective view Fig 9.
a
receptacle, bin or canister with a flat front fitted
extends beyond the face of the front. See also
I Fig 1 is a front view of a receptacle, bin or canister fitted with shelf and
brackets, the aperture or door when open allowing more space for the contents to
be removed with greater speed. See also perspective view Fig 10.
J. J Figs 1 and 3 are front and sectional views of a receptacle, bin or canister
enclosed by a panel frame or door, hinged or otherwise attached to the fixture, the
smaller door JJ I prefer to hinge or I may not hinge it but lift it off for the
purpose of extracting the contents of the receptacle, bin or canister. One or more
knobs are attached to the cover J. J to lift same by or I may make the said cover
extend in front and so form a projection to lift said cover by. The four small
circles seen on the front of the two doors show the respective positions of stops
and knobs, the stops being the same as seen at C Fig 5. the knobs being ordinary
amall cupboard or door knobs. These act as protectors and prevent one door from
injuring the face of the one above when thrown back for contents to be withdrawn.
I may also make other shape knobs fitted with india-rubber for the like purpose.
J, Fig 3 is an end view of the check which keeps back the contents of tho
receptacle this check may be fixed higher if preferred the circular dotted line at
the base of the receptacle Fig 3 shows the shape I prefer to make the said base but
I may make it angular or place the semi-circular bottom from side to side instead
of from back to front as shown at J. Fig 2 or a sharper taper if preferred, the object
being to convey the material as near as possible to the door J. J. See also
perspective drawing Fig 11.
K. K. Figs 1 and 2 are front and side views of a receptacle, bin or canister
enclosed by a panel door and frame, the said door and frame entirely obscuring the
receptacle from view, except when the door D D is open. See also perspective
view of receptacle, bin or canister Fig 12 I may ornament any of the panels with
carved designs.
L Fig 1 is the same in all respects as K K Figs 1 and 2 except the front or
panel door. The small door D in L Fig 1 being circular at the top as seen in the
drawing and the larger door having no small panels. Each and every one of the
hereinbefore described receptacles, bins or canisters when in position form part of
the complete fixture, and the said fixture is void of its chief source of utility
without them, nevertheless in some cases I use them alone.
M Figs 1. 2. 3 and 4 shows the position of the top shelf immediately over the
receptacles, bins or canisters, the said shelf being supported by uprights formed of
wood or any other suitable material, said uprights forming a division between the
receptacles, bins or canisters, and to which some parts of the fixture are attached
as seen at the corners of the opening G Fig 1 also supporting shelves at H and
I Fig 1 also carrying doors J. K. L. Fig 1. The top shelf before referred to has an
aperture cut in same see NNNNNNNNN N N Figs 1. 2. 3. 4 said apertures
being round, square, oblong and the like, these apertures are fitted with covers of
similar shape, and are turned or cut to fit the openings in the shelf M. each

page_text: receptacle, bin or canister has an opening in its top corresponding in shape to the
aperture in the shelf M, it has also a cover which may be used if preferred. To fill
a receptacle, bin or canister it is only necessary to remove the cover in shelf, and
the cover on top of receptacle, bin or canister. The openings DK, DL Figs 1
and 2 are provided with a thin metallic slide which passes up and down or
otherwise covering the face of the opening of the receptacle and renders each
opening more air-tight. All these receptacles, bins or canisters I provide with
strips of wood at the base and fit rollers to said strips so that said receptacles, bins
or canisters may be easily run out of position for filling or otherwise. Said top
shelf M Figs 1. 2. 3 and 4 also forms a support for the upper part of my invention,
it also carries the weight. of the back of the fixture as seen at O Fig 1 and 2, Baid
back forming part of or carrying pipes or shutes as seen at P. P. P. P. P. Figs 1.
and 2. When my invention is constructed with pipes, shutes or bags as before
described. I provide apertures in the receptacles, bins or canisters at the back of
same as seen at Q Fig 2, and doors in the base of the pipes as at R Fig 1.. I also
provide a slide at the base of each pipe or shute to prevent the contents of the
pipe if full from going into the receptacle, bin or canister, the receptacle, bin or
canister may then be removed and replaced again without emptying the pipe or
shute. These pipes or shutes are filled from above as seen at P Fig 2. I prefer
to make these pipes or shutes larger at the bottom than the top see Fig 1 and
especially when used for holding a stock of tea or similar loose material. When
pipes or shutes are used I may dispense with receptacles, bins or canisters and
continue the pipes or shutes to the front of the fixture and draw their contents
from the mouth or end of the pipes or shutes. I may make these pipes or shutes
any length, and fill them from the top shaft M instead of from the floor above,.or
I may fill them from any part of the fixture. The mouth or end of each pipe.or
shute is provided with a suitable cover.
Fig 13 represents an ordinary tea bin as now in general use, the interior of
which is fitted with my arrangement for withdrawing the contents from the
bottom instead of from the top. I do not limit my invention to the particular
shapes of receptacles, bins or canisters I have illustrated and described, but I may
apply the said interior arrangement to any shape receptacle, bin or canister that is
now in general use, or to any special shape I may hereafter construct. In the
construction of a complete fixture I may place in position between the bottom
shelf B and the top shelf M any given number of receptacles, bins or canisters as
herein before described or I may select any shape preferred, or divide them with
partitions, with a door for each partition.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1st. Fittings, receptacles, bins or canisters substantially as hereinbefore described
and as explained in my provisional and complete specifications and illustrated by
the two sheets of drawings I have filed herewith.
2nd. A wood shelf or platform supported from the floor or ground by any
ordinary means, said shelf holding in position receptacles, bins or canisters as
shown at E. F. G. H. I. J. K L Fig 1 and at K Fig 2, and at J Fig 3, and at
G Fig 4.
3rd. Knobs or stops as shown at C Fig 5, or any other shape knobs or stops said
knobs or stops being recessed on top, into said recesses are fitted circular or other
shape pieces of india rubber, substantially as and for the purpose described.
4th. Receptacles, bins or canisters substantially as hereinbefore described and
as seen at ED Fig 1, and at F. G. H. I Fig 1, also at K Fig 2, J Fig 3, G Fig 4.
5th. Doors and coverings substantially as berein before described and as shown
at I. J. K. L Fig 1 and at T Fig 2 and at U Fig 3.
6th. Receptacles, bins or canisters substantially as herein before described and
represented by drawings Figs 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12 and 13.

page_text: 7th. A shelf of wood or any other material substantially as hereinbefore
described and as shown at M Figs 1. 2. 3 and 4.
8th. Pipes or shutes substantially as herein before described and as represented
at and P Fig 1 and at P Fig. 2.
9th. A back to a fixture substantially as herein before described and as
represented at O Fig 1 and at O Fig 2.
10th. A door or aperture substantially as hereinbefore described and as
represented at R N fig 1.
11th. A receptacle, bin or canister of any ordinary or special shape but fitted
with an interior arrangement as figs 11 and 10.
Dated this 20th day of November 1884.
WILLIAM PARNALL.