IMPROVEMENTS IN STOP MOTIONS FOR DOUBLING AND TWISTING FRAMES
Year: 1885

page_text: ETANUD.
We ALFRED HERBERT DIXON of Murray Street Mills Ancoats Manchester in
the County of Lancaster Cotton Spinner and WILLIAM JAMES GRADWELL of
15 Pollitt Street Manchester aforesaid Mechanic do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOP MOTIONS FOR DOUBLING AND
TWISTING FRAMES" to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to means for arresting the rotation of the top roller in the
frames used in the doubling and twisting of yarn at the times when the yarn
breaks in order to prevent the waste of yarn which arises from the yarn coiling
upon the said roller as is well understood. We mount the top roller in a swing
frame so that at times it can be turned up or away and out of contact with the
bottom driving roller. Upon this swing frame we mount a stop catch or lever
which is hinged to the swing frame or is fitted to rock or turn with little friction.
This catch is provided with a glass finger or with a suitable part over which the
yarn passes. The catch is suitably balanced so as to have a slight tendency to
move towards the bottom roller the tension of the yarn being sufficient to check
this tendency during the proper working of the parts. On the breakage of the
yarn the catch is no longer held in check but falls or moves nearer to the bottom
roller and a stud projection or depression on the said roller comes in contact with
or acts upon the catch or with a tooth, swell or projection on the same whereby
the swing frame is lifted or pushed away and falls back so as to lift the top roller
clear from contact with the bottom roller. The bottom roller may be provided
with more than one of the aforesaid studs, projections or depressions As the
swing frame is thrown back the top roller drops into contact with a cross bar on
the frame whereby its rotation is immediately arrested and the yarn is nipped at
the point of contact. In order that the catch may be sustained out of the range
of contact with the said projection on the bottom roller for short intervals when
desirable as for example during the piecing operation we prefer to hinge an arm
upon the swing frame which arm when the top roller is lifted falls against a part
of the swing frame so as to retain it out of gear. For some purposes we might
apply more than one catch or stop lever so that the top roller would be lifted on
the breakage of one of two or more ends of yarn passing around the said roller.

page_text: By a modification of the hereinbefore described apparatus or when applying the
same to existing machines the aforesaid swing frame is curtailed and does not
carry the top roller which remains in its usual position having its bearings in
seatings formed in fixed arm brackets as is well understood. When so applied we
hinge a lifting bar to the swing frame which bar is cranked so as to lie in line
with the top roller. The tail of the said cranked bar is prolonged and passes
through a bearing so that the cranked bar is supported between the swing frame
and the said bearing in a plane somewhat above the point of contact between the
two rollers. When an end of yarn breaks the catch on the swing frame drops
into contact with the notch or tooth or one of the notches or teeth on the bottom
roller as already described and the swing frame is pushed back drawing with it
the cranked rod, the cranked portion of which in advancing raises the top roller
in its fixed slotted bearings so as to be clear of the bottom roller. The rotation of
the top roller is thus arrested and the cranked lifting bar acts as a brake and also
nipa the yarn as in the case of the cross bar on the swing frame before referred to.
If desired a drag of any suitable description may be applied to the tail of the
cranked bar to prevent the swing frame from being thrown unnecessarily far back
but this is not essential.

page_text: We ALFRED HERBERT DIXON of Murray Street Mills Ancoats Manchester in the
county of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner and WILLIAM JAMES GRADWELL of 15 Pollitt
Street Manchester aforesaid Mechanic do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOP MOTIONS FOR DOUBLING AND TWISTING
FRAMES" and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying
drawings:-
Our Invention relates to means for arresting the rotation of the top roller in the
frames used in the doubling and twisting of yarn at the times when the yarn
breaks in order to prevent the waste which arises from the yarn coiling upon the
said roller as is well understood or from becoming attached to adjacent yarns so as
to form three or four-fold or lashed ends. We mount the top roller in a swing
frame so that at times it can be turned up or away and out of contact with the
bottom driving roller. Upon this swing frame we mount a stop catch or lever, over
which the yarn passes. This catch has a slight tendency to move towards the
bottom roller, the tension of the yarn being sufficient to check this tendency
during the proper working of the parts. On the breakage of the yarn, the catch
moves nearer to the bottom roller and a stud, projection or depression on the said
roller, acts upon the catch and the swing frame is lifted or pushed away and falls
back so as to lift the top roller clear from contact with the bottom roller. As the
swing frame is thrown back, the top roller drops into contact with a cross bar on
the frame, whereby its rotation is immediately arrested and the yarn is nipped at
the point of contact. Means may be adapted to lock the catch when the swing
frame is thrown back so as to prevent the catch from dropping into gear with the
studs or depressions on the roller when the swing frame is replaced. A modification
is adapted to be used in cases wherein the ordinary cap bar is retained.
Our invention will be more fully comprehended when described with reference
to the accompanying Sheet of drawings wherein Fig. 1 represents a side view and
Fig. 2 a front view of our apparatus with the parts in the normal positions which
they retain so long as the yarn does not break. Fig. 3 corresponds with Fig. 1
with the exception that the parts are represented in the positions assumed on the
breakage of the yarn. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the swing frame which appears
in Fig. 3: In the said Figs. a is the bottom roller; b. the top roller; c is the afore-
said swing frame and d is the aforesaid stop catch lever. The said swing frame
is forked at its lower end to rest upon a rode which extends in front of the
bottom roller from one bearing standard to another and is provided with a back
rest which supports the swing frame when it is thrown over on the breakage of
the yarn.
During the regular working, the swing frame is supported by reason of its
front end resting on the guide rail f. The swing frame is formed with bearing
grooves to receive the journals of the top roller as in the case of the ordinary
cap bar. The stop catch lever d, is provided with pivots at d¹ these pivots being

page_text: mounted in bearings or recesses in the swing frame, so that the said lever is free to
turn upon these pivots with a slight degree of friction. One end of this stop catch
lever is provided with a projecting finger which carries a glass yarn guide g. and
the said lever is so balanced upon its pivots as that the end which carries this
yarn guide has a tendency to rise. The yarn on its way from the rollers to the
spindle passes over this yarn guide and the tension of the yarn is sufficient to
overcome the said tendency of the yarn guide to rise so that during the regular
working the guide is held down. The stop catch lever is formed with a tooth or
catch d' and the bottom roller is provided with projecting studs teeth or pins h. h.
or it might be depressions. So long as the yarn guide g. is held down by the
yarn the tooth d³ clears the studs h. as they are carried past it by the revolution
of the roller. An arm i. is hinged by its lower end of the swing frame. By pre-
ference we make this arm of wire and bend one end so that it will enter and turn
in a hole drilled in the swing frame. We may however make this arm of any
suitable material or shape. When this arm is turned over from its position
indicated by the full lines Fig. 1, it rests upon the stop catch lever as indicated by
the dotted lines and its weight is sufficient to keep down the thread guide g. in the
absence of the yarn. The action of the parts is as follows:-So long as the yarn
continues intact, the parts remain in the position as indicated in Fig. 1. On the
breaking of the yarn the stop catch lever moves into the position indicated by the
dotted lines in Fig. 1 whereby the tooth d' is lowered so that one of the studs h
will strike the said tooth and the swing frame will thereby be pushed over into
the position shown in Figs. 3. and 4. When the swing frame has been so pushed
over, one of the studs strikes the extreme end of the stop catch lever and by
raising the same lifts the tooth d' clear supposing the said lever to be left in the
position indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 3, but in practice the impetus given
to the swing frame when it is pushed over causes the arm i to swing outward and
to fall upon the outer arm of the stop catch lever which is thereby sustained
clear of the bottom roller in the position indicated by the full lines in Fig. 3.
When the swing frame is pushed over it lifts the top roller clear away from the
bottom roller but the journals of the former drop in their bearing recesses until
the roller is sustained by a cross bar e' which forms part of the swing frame, the
rotation of the roller being at once arrested and as the yarn passes between the
roller and this cross bar the yarn is nipped and held between the roller and the bar
as indicated in Fig. 4, so that it is prevented from falling upon the bottom roller
and wrapping around the same. By being thus nipped the broken yarn end is
also prevented from becoming attached to the yarn on either side whereby the
formation of three or four fold or lashed ends is prevented and also by the yarn
being kept lapped around the top roller and the end retained in position for the
operator to piece up readily, there is less loss of time than in ordinary cases of
breakage. When the swing frame is restored to its normal position at the time of
piecing the arm i is permitted to rest upon the stop catch lever so as to keep the
tooth d clear of the studs until the tension of the yarn is sufficient for the purpose
when the said arm is lifted up so that it rests upon the swing frame as in Fig. 1.
For some purposes we might apply more than one catch or stop lever so that the
top roller would be lifted on the breaking of one of two or more ends of yarn
passing around the said roller. Figs. 5, 6 & 7 illustrate a modification adapted
for cases wherein the bottom roller runs in a direction contrary to the indication
in Fig. 1. In this example the tooth on the stop catch lever is kept clear of the
studs on the bottom roller by the yarn passing below a finger k upon the said
lever and the rod e is fixed behind the bottom roller instead of in front of the
same. The yarn on its way to the roller passes over a fixed guide and below a
finger m upon the lower part of the swing frame. When the swing frame is
pushed over on the breakage of the yarn, the parts assume the positions indicated
in Fig. 6 and the yarn is nipped between the finger m and a fixed part n which
projects from the rod e and carries the guide 1. To obviate the difficulties in
piecing which exist when the. yarn is led under the finger k as in the figures last

page_text: .
described we may lead the yarn over a guide as shown in Fig. 7 the guide
being pivotted at x on the swing frame c. and weighted at g³ so as to tend to
assume the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 7. When the yarn breaks the
guide assumes the said dotted position, the tail g¹ is moved clear of the catch d and
the part g2 pushes the catch d into contact with one of the studs h whereby the
swing frame c is raised. Instead of being so pushed down the catch ḍ might be
allowed to drop by its own gravity.
In some cases it may be found that on replacing the swing frame the catch d
might tend to drop into contact with the studs h on the bottom roller and thus'
knock off the stop motion again before it had come fairly into action. To obviate
the possibility of such an accident we form a stop on the arm i. which drops into
a notch in the catch d when the frame is raised; with the result that when the
frame is replaced the catch d is locked clear of the studs by the arm i. as shown in
dotted lines. When the motion is properly at work the arm i can be thrown over
into the position shown in full lines. The foregoing locking catch on the arm i is
specially useful in cases where it is found that the yarns become slack when.the
frame is stopped. In stop motions where this catch locking provision is not made
we adopt when necessary an apparatus to stop and start the frames which apparatus
forms the subject matter of an application filed by us on the 10th of March in the
current year, No 3351 the said apparatus being intended to prevent the yarns
from becoming slack when the frame is stopped..
.The modification of our stop motion which we use in cases wherein the ordinary
cap bar is retained is illustrated by Figs: 8 and 10. In this example the top roller
is kept in position by the cap. bar o. and the upper end of the swing frame rests
against this cap bar. Hinged to the swing frame is a lifting bar p which is
represented in plan in Fig. 10. and in the example is made of wire and is cranked
so that one part p¹ rests in holes drilled in the swing frame and another part p³
extends parallel with the part pl and with the axis of the rollers. The free or
tail end of the bar rests upon the rail f and is formed with a bend or elbow which.
comes in contact with a stop r when the swing frame is pushed over and thereby
limits the movement of the swing frame. When the yarn breaks, the swing frame
is thrown over as in the examples already described and the bar p. is thereby.
drawn forward so that the part p². comes between the two rollers and raises the
top roller as indicated in Fig. 8. The rotation of the top roller is thus at once
arrested the bar p³. acting as a brake and at the same time the yarn is nipped
between the roller and the bar.
Fig. 11 illustrates an alternative method of limiting the swinging over move-
ment of the swing frame and at the same time of nipping the yarn. The rod P. is
hinged to the aforesaid swing frame c and the bar is fixed. The yarn x. is led
through the hole in the bar which is occupied by the rod p. This hole is countersunk
as shown and an inclined button p² is fixed or formed on the rod p. so that when the
swing frame falls over the button p¹ is drawn into the countersink and nips and
holds the yarn between the inclined sides. In any of the examples there may be
only one stud or tooth on the bottom roller or any desired number other than the
indication, and recessed teeth may be formed in the bottom roller in lieu of the
projecting teeth. If desired the toothed ring may be applied to the bottom roller
as indicated in Fig. 9. In treating very fine counts of yarn we have sometimes
found that unless the nipping surfaces are so exactly finished as to be in contact at
all points in their breadth, such fine yarn is not always nipped and held and is
allowed to lap on the roller. To obviate this, we make one of the nipping surfaces
(such for example as that shown in fig. 5 and 6) so that it shall rock in its
support and accomodate itself to the opposite nipping surface. For example in
Figs. 12 and 13 a nipping block k. is formed with a rounded back and has a
shank k which loosely enters a hole in the part n the looseness of its fit allowing
t to yield slightly to one side or to the other. When the swing frame is thrown
up the part m comes into contact with the said rocking nipping block k which yields
to one side or the other so as to obtain equal contact throughout their entire
T
i

page_text: length, so that at whatever point the yarn may be, it will be nipped and held. It
will be evident that such a rocking contact surface might be applied to the swing
frame instead of to the part n.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is':
1. In stop motions for doubling and twisting frames the combinations of parts
composing the various modifications of swing frames the said swing frames being
operated at times when the yarn breaks by studs or projections or depressions on
or in the lower roller, for the purposes and substantially in the manner hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. The studs, teeth, pins, projections or depressions formed on or in or applied to
the bottom rollers of doubling and twisting frames or on or in rings or parts
applied to the said bottom rollers for the purpose of operating the herein before
referred to stop motions at the times when the yarn is broken substantially as
herein before described an shown.
3. In the said stop motions the swing frame c provided with a hinged stop
catch lever or with hinged stop catch levers sustained by the tension of the yarn
or yarns out of contact with studs, projections or depressions on the bottom roller
so long as the yarn remains unbroken, but dropping into contact with the said
studs, projections or depressions when the yarn is severed, so as to raise the swing
frame substantially as described and shown.
4. In a stop motion of the indicated description and actuated by projections or
depressions on the bottom roller, the combination of the swing frame c the stop
catch lever d and the arm i the said arm i either acting simply as a weight or
operating also as a locking catch as in Fig. 7 substantially as described and
shown.
5. The various arrangements shown and described for nipping and holding the
broken yarn ends either alone or in combination with the rocking or self-adjusting
nipping block k described with reference to Figs. 12 and 13 of the drawings.
6. The combination of parts arranged and acting substantially as and for the
purposes set forth and indicated with reference to Figs. 8, 10 and 11 of the
drawings.