IMPROVEMENTS IN ROVING FRAMES
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn
Fields, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ROVING FRAMES."-A communication from abroad
by Eustis P. Morgan and James H. McMullan, of the County of
York, and State of Maine, United States of America.
Sealed the 30th January 1872, and dated the 25th October 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 25th October 1871.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County
5 of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROVING FRAMES," a communication to
me from abroad by Eustis P. Morgan and James H. MoMullan, of the

page_text: horizontal rod, and carrics with it the stand that holds the lower end of
the diagonal shaft and its attached pinion. A spiral spring holds a lever
in contact with one of two pins at the bottom of the eccentric; this
spring when allowed to act by the escape of one of two dogs from one
or other of two plates attached to the rail effecting the change of the
pinion by forcing the lever, having an incline on its end against one of
the said pins, and thus causing a vertical shaft to turn so far that a
pinion may be brought to engage with one of the sections of teeth in a
wheel on the upper end of the vertical shaft. The time of making this
change is governed by the vertical shaft and other parts acting in con-
necting with it. The crown wheel fixed to the top of the shaft has two
spaces on opposite sides that are not provided with teeth. The teeth are
thus divided into two sections, and when the driving pinion is over either
of these spaces, which is the case when the rail is rising or falling, no
motion is communicated to the shaft, and there is no movement of the
eccentric and its attached parts, but when the teeth ongage with the
pinion the vertical shaft and the cocentric make half a revolution, and
change the bevel pinion from one bevel wheel to the other.
This
engagement of the crown wheel with the driving pinion occurs when
the dogs which are attached to the vertical shaft escape over or under
the traversing plates which rise and fall with the rail, being connected
with it by a bracket or braco. The escape of the upper dog takes place
when the rail has reached its lowest point, and of the lower dog when
it has reached its highest point. In case the spring fails to act upon the
lever as above described, one of two plate jaws pushes one of two fingers
and turns the vertical shaft far enough round to cause the engagement
of the pinion and wheel, when the shaft and eccentric will make half a
revolution and reverse the motion of the bobbin rail, one of the fingers
just touching one of the jaws when the dog is leaving the end of one'
of the traversing plates. The action of this mechanism provents the
breakage of the machine, which would occur if the rail motion was not
reversed.

page_text: at the top of a clutch. The clutch, the pinion, and the cord pulley
move with a hollow shaft that turns on a vertical internal shaft, the
latter shaft being supported by a suitable stand.
When this hollow shaft is turned backwards by the motion of the
rack the clutch is disengaged. The vertical internal shaft also carries a
horizontal escape wheel having teeth or leaves placed alternately on its
opposite sides. These teeth are embraced by a forked lever. On the
opposite side of its centre there is 'an attached flexible arm that carries
at its end a stud. This arm is stiff enough to impart motion to the fork,
but is made slightly flexible in order to give easy action and prevent 1
injury in case of derangement of the parts.
1
The stud with its attached arm and fork is raised and lowered by a
scroll cam fixed to the vertical shaft first referred to, allowing at each
half revolution a tooth to escape and impart a quick short motion to the
straight rack. As the combined length of the plates in connection with'
the rack by the action of a screw grows less and less, the dogs escape
sooner and cause the rail to reverse oftener, thus giving it a shorter
traverse and forming the conical or tapered ends of the full bobbin.
'If the last layer of the roving comics at the angle where the tapered
part of the bobbin begins, the roving is liable to unwind and causo-
waste; it is therefore desirable that the frame should stop when the rail
is in such a position that the "end" of the roving may be left at a short
distance from the angle.
This is effected as described below:-A shipper lever has two arms;
the end of one arm has a stud that rests in a notch made in a shipper
trigger, the end of the other arm extends upwards and rests against a
stud on the shipper itself. The long arm of the shipper lever carries an
adjustable weight. The shipper trigger has an arm that extends down-
wards to the level of a stop that is screwed to the straight rack before
referred to. A suspended curved rod has near its lower end a triangular
friction stud, and at its upper end a notch. One arm of the tri-arm
shipper lever is just above this notch, but does not quite touch it.
At every motion of the rail a tumbler which is supported by a bracket
screwed to the rail comes in contact with the triangular friction stud,
and the notch in the suspended arm is thrown outwards, but the main
shipper arm does not fall, as it is held up by the shipper trigger. When

page_text: the rack reaches the end of its traverse and the bobbin is full, the stop
moves the trigger and releases the stud; the weight then depresses the
main arm, and it falls as the notch in the suspended arm does not come,
back to its place. When this fall takes place one of the two smaller
arms of the shipper levers acts on a stud and throws the shipper
outwards, moving the belt from the fast driving pulley to the looso
one.
The triangular stud is adjustable vertically, and can be placed at any
required position with reference to the rail, so that the action of the
tumbler may take place at the right moment, and the "end" of the.
roving be left at a short distance from the angle of the full bobbin.
An arm projects from the tumbler in such a position that its motion
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 24th April 1872...
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JoпN
HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middle-
sex, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the
35th year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Henry Johnson, Her special
license that I, the said John Henry Johnson, my executors, admi-.
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Henry
Johnson, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
'IMPROVEMENTS IN ROVING FRAMES," a communication to me from abroad
by Eustis P. Morgan and James H. M.Mullan, of the County of York,
"
.

page_text: མཙ Pསཕ -མཅE
vuས,378མཁ
similar section showing the parts nearest the opposite end of the
machine; Figures 4, 5, and 6 are details which are herein-after
referred to.
The bobbin rail R is raised and lowered by means of the quadrants Q,
which have their centre of motion near the back of the frame at 30.
Friction pulleys 20 are attached to the rail R and rest upon the curved
end 67 of the quadrants, these parts being placed at such intervals
throughout the length of the frame as to give sufficient support and
steadiness to the rail. The lower part of each quadrant is provided with
teeth 23, which engage with the spur pinion 31 on the bottom shaft 10.
This shaft revolves in one direction to raise the rail R and the bobbin 13,
and in the other direction to lower them. This alternate movement of
the shaft 10 in opposite directions is effected by the bevel wheels C and
C', which are driven succesively by the pinions 9 attached to the lower
end of the diagonal shaft 8, which is driven by the bevel wheel 15 and
pinion Z fixed to the top shaft H. This shaft is driven by the train of
spur wheels 26, 25, and 27, and the pulleys P fixed to the same shaft 1.1
that carries the spur wheel 27. To the bobbin rail R are attached
suitable guides and slides 16, 17, 33, 39, which with the curved levers Q
impart a steady and equable motion to the rail. The curvature of the
ends 67 of the quadrant levers upon which the friction pulley 20 rests is
to be such as to give a uniform velocity to the bobbin both upwards and
downwards. By the use of these levers the height of the frame is also
much reduced. The change of the pinion 9 from one of the wheels C to
the other, for the purpose of changing the direction of the motion of the
rail R, is effected by means of the eccentric E and its fork F, which
latter is moved from right to left on the horizontal rod 21, and carries
with it the stand 32 that holds the lower end of the diagonal shaft 8
and its attached pinion 9. The spiral spring 1 holds the lever L (sec
detail Figure 4) in contact with one of the pins b, b, at the bottom of
the eccentric; this spring when allowed to act by the escape of one of
the two dogs D or D', from one or other of the two plates 2, 3, attached
to the rail, effecting the change of the pinion 9 by forcing the lever L
having an incline on its end against one of the said pins b, b', and thus
causing the shaft G to turn so far that the pinion N may be brought to
engage with one of the sections of teeth in the wheel M on the upper
end of the vertical shaft. The time of making this change is governed

page_text: by the vertical shaft G, and other parts acting in connection with it.
The crown wheel of fixed to the top of the shaft G has two spaces on
opposite sides that are not provided with teeth. The teeth are thus
divided into two sections, and when the driving pinion N is over either
of these spaces, which is the case when the rail R is rising or falling, no
motion is communicated to the shaft G, and there is no movement of the
eccentric E and its attached parts, but when the teeth M engage with
the pinion N, the shaft G and the eccentric make half a revolution, and
change the bevel pinion 9 from the wheel C to the wheel C', or from C'.
to C. This engagement of the crown wheel M with the driving pinion
N occurs when the dogs D, D', which are attached to the shaft G escape
over or under the traversing plate 2 or 3, which rise and fall with the
rail R, being connected with it by the bracket or brace 33. The escape
of the upper dog D takes place when the rail has reached its lowest
point, and of the lower dog D' when it has reached its highest point. In 1
case the spring 1 fails to act upon the lever L, as above described, one of
two plate jaws J, J', pushes one of two fingers I, I', and turns the shaft,
G far enough round to cause the engagement of the pinion N and
wheel M, when the shaft G and cccentric E will make half a revolution
and reverse the motion of the bobbin rail R, one of the fingers just a
touching one of the jaws when the dog is leaving the end of one of the
traversing plates. The action of this mechanism prevents the breakage.
of the machine, which would occur if the rail motion was not,
reversed.
When a new set of bobbins is to be started the horizontal toothed
rack 34 near the top of the frame is moved by hand upon the bar 35
until it is in contact with the adjustable stop 37. This motion turns the
pinion 40 and cord pulley O, the latter carrying a cord 22 leading over
a fixed pulley 51, which cord lifts the weight W'. This weight tends
constantly to draw the rack 34 back, the force being exerted by the pin a
45 fixed in the shaft 41, and resting in a slot at the top of the clutch 47.
The clutch, the pinion 10, and the cord pulley O move with the hollow
shaft 46 that turns on the vertical internal shaft 41, the latter shaft
being supported by the stand 44.
When the hollow shaft is turned backwards by the motion of the rack
34 the clutch 47 is disengaged. The shaft 41 also carries the horizontal
escape wheel 43, having teeth or leaves placed alternately on its opposite.
sides. These teeth are embraced by the forked lever 48, having its

page_text: centre at 52. On the opposite side of this centre there is an attached
flexible arm 49 that carries at its end the stud 50. This arm is stiff
cnough to impart motion to the fork 48, but is made slightly flexible in
order to give easy action and prevent injury in case of derangement of
the parts.
The stud 50 with its attached arm and fork is raised and lowered by
the scroll cam K fixed to the vertical shaft G, allowing at cach half
revolution a tooth to escape on 43, and impart a quick short motion to
the rack 34. As the combined length of the plates 2 and 3 by the action
of the screw A and B grows less and less, the dogs D escape sooner
and cause the rail R to reverse oftener, thus giving it a shorter traverse
and forming the conical or tapered ends of the full bobbin 53.
•
If the last layer of the roving comes at the angle 54 where the tapered
part of the bobbin begins, the roving is liable to unwind and cause
waste; it is therefore desirable that the frame should stop when the
rail R is in such a position that the "end" of the roving may be left at a
short distance from the angle 51 or 54'.
This is effected as described as follows: -The shipper lever X has
two arms; the end of the arm X' has a stud 24 that rests in a notch
made in the shipper trigger Y, Y'. The end X" extends upwards and
rests against the stud S' on the shipper S. The centre of motion of the
shipper lever is at 57, and the long arm X carries an adjustable weight
56. The shipper trigger turns on the centre 58, and has an arm Y that
extends downwards to the level of the stop 36 screwed to the rack 34.
A suspended curved rod U having its centre at 59 has near its lower
end a triangular friction stud 28, and at its upper end a notch 60. .The
arm X of the tri-arm shipper lever is just above this potch, but does not
quite touch it.
At every motion of the rail R the tumbler T (shown in detail at
Figures 5 and 6) which is supported by a bracket 61 screwed to the
rail comes in contact with the triangular friction stud 28, and the notch
in the suspended arm U is thrown outwards, but the main shipper arm
X does not fall, since it remains held up by the shipper trigger Y'.
When the rack 34 reaches the end of its traverse, and the bobbin is full,
the stop 36 moves the arm Y and releases the stud 24 from the notch in
the arm Y', the weight 56 then depresses the arm X, and it falls as the
notch CO in the suspended arm U does not come back to its place.

page_text: cach lever of such a curve as will impart to the bolster rail, and to the
bobbins supported by it, a uniform motion in all positions of the lever,
substantially as hercin-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have to this
my Specification set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day
of April One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.