CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTSON AND ADDITIONS TO HIS MACHINERY FOR DRESSING, COMBING. HECKLING, AND PREPARING WOOL, HEMP, FLAX, SILK, HAIR, AND COTTON
Year: 1790

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, EDMUND
CARTWRIGHT, of Doncaster, in the County of York, sends greeting.
WHEREAS the King's most Excellent Majesty, by His Letters Patent
under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date the Eleventh day of
December, in the thirty-first year of His reign, gave and granted to the said
Edmund Cartwright, his executors, administrators, and assigns, His special
licence, full power, sole priviledge and authority, that he, the said Edmund
Cartwright,hisexecutors,administrators, and assigns, by himself or themselves,
or by his or their deputy or deputies, servants or agents, or such others as the
said Edmund Cartwright, his executors, administrators, or assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term of years therein and herein-after expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend his "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTSON AND
ADDITIONS TO HIS MACHINERY FOR DRESSING, COMBING. HECKLING, AND PREPARING
WOOL, HEMP, FLAX, SILK, HAIR, AND COTTON," within that part of Great Britain
called England, the Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
in such manner as to him, the said Edmund Cartwright, his executors, admors,
or assigns, or any of them, should, in their discretion, seem meet; and that the
said Edmund Cartwright, his executors, administrators, and assigns, should
and lawfully might have and enjoy the whole profit, benefit, commodity, and
advantage from time to time and at all times hereafter accruing or arising by
reason of the said Invention, for and during the term of years therein and
herein-after mentioned, to have and to hold, exercise, and enjoy the said

page_text: licence, powers, priviledges, and advantages herein-before mentioned to be
granted unto the said Edmund Cartwright, his executors, administrators, and
assigns, for, during and unto the full end and term of fourteen years from the
date of the said Letters Patent next and immediately ensuing, and fully to be
compleat and ended, according to the statute in that case made and provided;
His Majesty in such Letters Patent thereby strictly commanding all and every
person or persons, bodies politic and corporate, and all other His Majesty's
subjects whatsoever, of what estate, quality, degree, name, and condition
snever, they being within that part of His Majesty's said Kingdom of Great
Britain called England, His Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, that neither they, nor any of them, at any time during the con-
tinuance of the said term of fourteen years thereby granted, either directly
or indirectly, do make, use, or put in practice the said Invention, or any
part of the same, so attained to the said Edmund Cartwright, as aforesaid.
nor in anywise counterfeit, imitate, or resemble the same, nor make or cause
to be made any addition thereto or subtraction from the same, whereby to
pretend himself or themselves the Inventor or Inventors, devisor or devisors
thereof, without the licence, consent, or agreement of the said Edmund Cart-
wright, his executors, administrators, or assigns, in writing under his or their
hands and seals first had and obtained in that behalf, upon such pains or
penalties as can or may be justly inflicted on such offender or offenders for
their contempt of His Majesty's Royal command, and further to be answerable
to the said Edmund Cartwright, his executors, administrators, and assigns,
according to law, for his or their damages occasioned thereby; in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that if the said Edmund Cartwright,
his executors, administrators, or assigns, or any other person or persons which
shall or may at any time thereafter during the continuance of the said grant,
have or claim any right, title, or interest in law or equity of, in, or to the power,
privilege, and authority of the sole use and benefit of the said Invention should
make any transfer or assignment, or any pretended transfer or assignment, of
the said liberty or privilege, or any share or shares of the benefit or profits
thereof, to or for any number of persons exceeding the number five; and also
that if the said Edmund Cartwright should not particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, by an instrument in writing under his hand and seal, and cause the
same to be enrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within one
calendar month next and immediately after the date of the said Royal Letters
Patent, that then the said Letters Patent, and all the liberties and advantages
whatsoever thereby granted, should utterly cease, determine, and become

page_text: void, anything therein contained to the contrary thereof in anywise notwith-
standing.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edmund Cartwright, in pursuance of
and in compliance with the said proviso in the said recited Royal Letters
Patent contained, do, by this present instrument, declare that the nature of my
said certain improvements on and additions to my said machinery for dressing,
combing, heckling, and preparing wool, hemp, flax, silk, hair, and cotton, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, is described and ascertained
in the plan hereunto annexed, and which is explained and referred to in the
letters, figures, and words following, (that is to say):-
Figure 1, section of the washing machine, with the batters. A, the vessel
containing the first water; B, the vessel containing the second water; a, a, a,
&c., rollers round which an endless net passes; b, b, b, &c., rollers round which
another endless net passes; c, a carrying roller; d, e, callendar rollers lying
as near as possible to the last pair of rollers, so as not to catch the net, held
together by a stong pressure for the purpose of squeezing out the water;
fy, batters, being cylinders with ribs upon them, revolving with great
velocity, worked with equal wheels, and so set as that the ribs of the one
may not strike against the ribs of the other. The vessels being each fill'd
with the washing liquor, the wool is put in at h, and from thence conveyed
by means of the nets thro' each vessel to the batters. When the first liquor
becomes too foul for use it is let off, and the second liquor supplies its place.
Figure 2, the horizontal lashing frame, revolving upon a fix'd axis. a, a,
wheel or worm fast upon the fix'd axis; b, c, b, c, &c., delivering rollers,
receiving action by means of the wheels d, d, &c., working in the wheel or
worm a; e, e, &c., tooth'd cylinders, revolving towards the rollers b, c, b, c,
&c., from which they receive motion, passing under the feeding rollers, g;
they collect the material and deliver it to the rollers b, c, b, c, &c., which again
deliver it to the table.
Figure 3, lashing frame, working by a crank. a, a, fix'd pins (upon one of
which is a dead wheel), upon which the crank runs; b, b, the first pair of arms
of the crank; c, a carrying wheel, working in the dead wheel; d, a wheel upon
one of the delivering rollers, which forms the axis of the first joint of the crank;
e, e, the second pair of arms; ff, the third pair; g, the second joint of the
crank; h, the third joint.-Note: If it be required to give an oval motion the
arms e, e, are lengthened out, as in Figure 4, and the motion communicated
from the axis of the first joint to the delivering rollers by the means of carrying
wheels. The material is put in at the first joint h, and carried forwards by
endless cloths to the delivering rollers.

page_text: Figure 5,a comb or heckle table, having the teeth pointing to the centre, and
moved by cogs upon the rim, and carried round upon trenks, like the head of
a windmill, and fed by hand, or Figs. 2, 3, or 4 of the annexed plan. a, b, the
drawing rollers.-Note: Underneath the table is another pair of rollers for
drawing off the backings or shorts.
Figure 6, thecomb pot, which being placed within the circle of the table, the
teeth pass thro' an aperture in the side of it.-Note: The material is pushed
from the head of the table, if required, by a crank, acting upon the same prin-
ciple as the doffer in the common carding engine; the noils or waste are pushed
off in the same manner.
my
In witness whereof, I, the said Edmund Cartwright, have hereunto set
hand and seal, this Eighth day of January, in the thirty-first year
of the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third, by the Grace
of God of Great Britain, France, and Ireland King, Defender of the
Faith, and so forth, and in the year of our Lord One thousand seven
hundred and ninety-one.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the said Eighth day of January,
in the year above written, the aforesaid Edmund Cartwright came before
our Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of
the Statute in that case made and provided.
Inrolled. the Tenth day of January, in the year ahove mentioned.