IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLERS FOR WASHING, WRINGING, MANGLING, PRINTING, SPINNING, AND OTHER LIKE MACHINES
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Lewthwaite, of Halifax, in the County of York,
Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLERS FOR WASHING,
WRINGING, MANGLING, PRINTING, SPINNING, AND OTHER LIKE MACHINES."
Sealed the 18th October 1878, and dated the 1st July 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Lowthwaite at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st July 1878.
JOHN LEWTHWAITE, of Halifax, in the County of York, Gentleman.
"IMPROVE-
MENTS IN ROLLERS FOR WASHING, WRINGING, MANGLING, PRINTING, SPINNING, AND
OTHER LIKE MACHINES."
This Invention relates to an improved covering for rollers used on machines for
purposes aforesaid, and which covering for many uses will reduce the cost of the
rollers, because an inferior wood for body of the roller may be used.
"
According to this my said Invention I provide a core roller" or roller to be
covered, the diameter of which is somewhat less than required of the finished roller.
This roller may be of either wood or metal, and around which is tightly wound or
wrapped a textile fabric, preferably woollen, of width equal to the length of the
roller; this fabric has previously been coated over (once or more) with a substance
known by the names of "parksine," "xylonite," or "ivoride," which should be
allowed to dry well before adding a second coating.
When, and during the winding and wrapping the fabric so treated as aforesaid
a paste or cement of "parksine," "xylonite," or "ivoride" is applied between the
roller and upon the surface of the fabric in contact with the roller, the paste as
above thoroughly secures the contact and adhesion of the fabric, and after allowing
the whole to dry slowly the surface of the covering is smooth, elastic, and of great
durability, and admirably adapted for the purpose of applying pressure to fabrics
and other like uses.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Lewthwaite in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th
December 1878.
JOHN LEWTHWAITE, of Halifax, in the County of York, Gentleman.
"IMPROVE-
MENTS IN ROLLERS FOR WASHING, WRINGING, MANGLING, SPINNING, AND OTHER
LIKE MACHINES."
This Invention relates to an improved covering for rollers used on machines for
purposes aforesaid, and which covering for many uses will reduce the cost of the
rollers, because an inferior wood for body of the roller may be used.
According to this my said Invention I provide "core rollers" or roller to be
covered the diameter of which is somewhat less than required of the finished roller.
This roller may be of either wood or metal, and around which is tightly wound or
wrapped a textile fabric, preferably woollen, of width equal to the length of the
roller; this fabric has previously been coated over (once or more) with a substance
known by the names of "parkesine," "xylonite," or "ivoride," which should be
allowed to dry well before adding a second coating.
37 2
When and during the winding and wrapping the fabric so heated as aforesaid
a paste or cement of "parkesine," xylonite," or "ivoride" is applied between the
roller and upon the surface of the fabric in contact with the roller, the paste as
above thoroughly secures the contact and adhesion of the fabric, and after allowing
the whole to dry slowly the surface of the covering is smooth, elastic, and of great
durability, and admirably adapted for the purpose of applying pressure to fabrics
and other like uses.
Such being the nature and object of the said Invention, I will now describe the
same in detail.
My Invention consists in the use or application of a substance or material known
as "parkesine," "xylonite," or "ivoride," or of like or analogous compounds, in com-
bination with fibrous substances, such as wool, cotton, silk, flax, either in their
manufactured, partly manufactured, or other state, to produce a material or materials
for the coverings of machine and other rollers possessing certain requisite and
desirable properties of strength, durability, clasticity, and resistance of wet or oils,
so as to better fit them for various purposes of general utility.
When cylindrical rollers are to be covered I do this by stretching over their
surfaces a suitable number of turns or thicknesses of woollen cloth, flannel, or other
textile woven or felted fabric or material which has been previously coated with
any required number of coatings of the "parkesine," "xylonite," or "ivoride" paste
on one or both sides, and causing the same to adhere to the rollers by spreading or
coating over one side of the cloth or fabric (preferably that side in contact with the
rollers), and in order that it may adhere to the rollers as it is stretched over them a
suitable film of or thickness of the "parkesine," "xylonite," or "ivoride" paste is
again applied, which must be done in the process of winding or stretching the
prepared cloth or fabric upon the rollers, and afterwards covering it firmly with a
few turns of paper or cloth to keep it firm and smooth and free from atmospheric
effects during the process of drying, which must be continued for a few days until
all the spirit has been evaporated from the paste.
Sometimes, when rollers have been covered as before described, I find it desirable
to use an extra covering, which I effect by running or winding a continuous thread
or yarn of wool or other suitable material around them, after the manner used to
cover wire or bobbins to a suitable depth or thickness, after first passing the thread
or yarn one or more times through the "parkesine," "xylonite," or "ivoride" paste
so as to give it a suitably strong and adhesive elastic covering, each of such coatings
to be dried before another is added.
In cases where it is more convenient to have loose covers to rollers, such as; those
used in the processes of printing, carding, cloth and calico finishing, I sometimes coat
over the cloth or other material with one or more coatings of the "parkesine,"

page_text: "xylonite," or "ivoride" paste as beforo described; and afterwards I double, con-
nect, or join as many thicknesses together as will produce the desired properties,
which when dried may be cut into lengths, strips, or fillets to be fitted or fixed
upon the axes or peripheries of the rollers.
For some purposes I use a covering of yarn or thread wound upon the rollers
or axes of rollers after being coated with the paste without any covering of cloth or
material having been first wound upon it.
In some cases I find it desirable to use what is termed or called "flock" or "fly"
from wool, silk, or cotton, with the paste to a consistency which will allow of its
being moulded upon the rollers, so that when dried they may be afterwards turned
or smoothed in a lathe by filing or other means.
In other cases where two or more rollers are employed working in concert with a
loose or elastic covering or belt, this belt being constructed seamless by means of an
adjustable roller (whose circumference is equal to the length of belt or cover
required) upon which I wind and paste as before stated a number of thicknesses of
cloth or other material, so as to produce a covering in the form of an endless belt
which must be dried before it is removed from the adjustable roller.
I do not confine myself to any particular method of pasting or fixing the various
materials together, but to effect the same essentially and for the purposes herein-
before described.
What I claim is the covering rollers or axes of rollers in the manner and by use
of materials herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Lewthwaite, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-third day of December, in the year One thousand
Hat doad and unseant.. night
Witness,
JOSEPH STEAD,
Clerk to Walter Brierley,
Patent Agent,
Halifax and Blackburn.
JNO, LEWTHWAITE. (L.S.)