matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN METAL SKYLIGHT AND SASH BARS
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frank Jackson, of the Strangeways Iron Works, Man-
chester, in the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
METAL SKYLIGHT AND SASH BARS."
Sealed the 25th July 1876, and dated the 28th January 1876.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Frank Jackson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th January 1876.
FRANK JACKSON, of the Strangeways Iron Works, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN METAL SKYLIGHT AND SASH BARS."
This Invention consists in rolling or otherwise forming metal sash and skylight
bars with an upper flange in addition to the bottom flange of the ordinary tee iron.
The object of the said upper flange is to give to the bars greater strength, both
laterally and vertically, thereby diminishing the weight necessary for any given
space, and also to form a recess with the twofold object of holding a sufficient body
of putty between the upper flange and the glass and for effectually covering and
protecting the upper edge of the putty from the action of the weather.
On the accompanying Sheet of Drawings Fig. 1 is a cross section full size of one
of my improved skylight or sash bars with plate glass in position, and Fig. 2 is a
longitudinal elevation, and Fig. 3 a plan of part of the same, the bar being marked
a, the glass b, and the putty c.
It will be seen that in addition to covering and protecting the putty the upper
flange diminishes the surface of putty exposed the air and renders it less suscep-
tible of being loosened or wasted by the action of the weather, especially the upper
part of it, by reason of the putty being held in a compact mass instead of being
tapered off to a feathered edge in the ordinary way. The skylight and sash bars
may be made to any convenient dimensions, having a greater or less total depth
than shewn on the Drawing and with variations in the width either of the lower or
upper flange.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, I desire it to be understood

page_text: that I claim the rolling or forming of the skylight and sash bars with an upper
flange in any convenient manner for attaining the objects above set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frank Jackson, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by
the within named
Frank Jackson,
in the presence of
G. SEPTIMUS HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
FRANK JACKSON.
(L.S.)
IMPROVED METHOD OF TREATING TIN AND TERNE PLATES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Nurse at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 16th May 1876.
GEORGE NURSE, of Pen-y-Van, near Pontymister, in the County of Monmouth.
"IMPROVED METHOD OF TREATING TIN AND TERNE PLATES."
In the usual method of treating tin and terne plates when ready for the tinning
operation the plates to be coated are put into a grease pot from a water bath singly,
then from the grease pot into a pot of inolten tin en masse, or a number of the plates
at one time by an attendant, another attendant then separates the plates and
removes them to brush them over upon both sides, each one being treated by him
singly. He then hands it over to another attendant who dips it into a tin bath,
and on lifting it from this he drops it into another grease pot from which it rises
between a pair of rolls with which this last mentioned grease pot is fitted, the rolls
being caused to rotate by suitable means.
Now by my Invention I take the plates from the dip bath (tin), and place
them into a rack in a grease pot in order that the superfluous metal may run off
and the plates become of the saine temperature as the grease in the grease pot in
which the rolls are fitted, and into which grease pots the plates are next inserted.
The advantage of this plan is each plate is made of temperature corresponding to
that of the other grease pot whereby a better surfacing is given to it by the action
of the rolls than is at present obtained.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN BOTTLES, JARS, AND OTHER VESSELS, AND IN STOPPERS THEREFOR."
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Wadham Hill at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th January 1876.
WILLIAM WADHAM HILL, of 166, Oxford Street, in the County of Middlesex.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN BOTTLES, JARS, AND OTHER VESSELS, AND IN STOPPERS
THEREFOR."
My Invention relates,―
Firstly. To an improvement in the bottle, jar, or other vessel, .consisting in
forming a screw thread within its neck or mouth.
Secondly. To an improvement in the stopper, which I propose to make with a
screw thread on its exterior, that is to say, on the periphery of that part which is
to enter into and plug the neck or mouth of the vessel.
The male screw may be on the bottle or jar, and the female screw on the stopper,
or vice versa, as may be most convenient in manufacture.
I propose to make the stopper, whether of glass, potteryware, or other material,
with a shoulder, and to provide it with a washer of cork, india-rubber, or any other
suitable material, to come on to the top of the bottle or other vessel when the
stopper is screwed into the bottle, thereby hermetically closing it.
I do not propose necessarily to use my screw threaded stoppers with my improved
bottles or jars with screw thread within the neck or mouth, as for example, in the
case of bottling aerated waters or any effervescing liquid I may force a simple cork
into the neck or mouth, so that in expanding it will fill up the screw thread and
can only be withdrawn from the bottle by unscrewing, using the exposed top or
head of the cork as a lever to turn the same in the neck, or any kind of cap or lever
I may find it advisable to apply to the cork.
I propose to apply my Invention to glass bottles and earthenware jars by
moulding or otherwise forming the screw thread or worm therein, and to vessels
and stoppers of any material, obtaining the screw thread in the most convenient
manner.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN LUBRICANTS AND PACKINGS FOR STEAM ENGINES, STEAM CHESTS, JOURNALS, BEARINGS, STUFFING BOXES, ALSO SAFES, AND AS A COVERING FOR STEAM BOILERS, STEAM & HOT-AIR PIPES & ROOFS, AND IN GENERAL SUCH PARTS OF MACHINERY AS ARE LIABLE TO FRICTION OR THE EFFECTS OF HEAT."
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Potts Scott and Benton Hart Zerbe, both of Westoe
Villa, Burdett Road, Bow, in the County of Middlesex, Commission Agents,
for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN LUBRICANTS AND PACKINGS FOR
STEAM ENGINES, STEAM CHESTS, JOURNALS, BEARINGS, STUFFING BOXES, ALSO
SAFES, AND AS A COVERING FOR STEAM BOILERS, STEAM & HOT-AIR PIPES
& ROOFS, AND IN GENERAL SUCH PARTS OF MACHINERY AS ARE LIABLE TO
FRICTION OR THE EFFECTS OF HEAT."
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Henry Potts Scott and Benton
Hart Zerbe at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th Sep-
tember 1876.
HENRY POTTS SCOTT and BENTON HART ZERBE, both of Westoe Villa, Burdett
Road, Bow, in the County of Middlesex, Commission Agents. "AN IMPROVEMENT
IN LUBRICANTS AND PACKINGS FOR STEAM ENGINES, STEAM CHESTS, JOURNALS,
BEARINGS, STUFFING BOXES, ALSO SAFES, AND AS A COVERING FOR STEAM BOILERS,
STEAM AND HOT-AIR PIPES AND ROOFS, AND IN GENERAL SUCH PARTS OF MACHINERY
AS ARE LIABLE TO FRICTION OR THE EFFECTS OF HEAT."
This improvement consists in the application of the mineral mica to the purpose
of a lubricant or packing for machinery, and the mode in which we prefer to
practice the Invention is as follows:-The mica is first heated till it looses its
elasticity, and is next put into water, then taken out of the water and ground in a
mill, or by any other suitable means, or it may be pulverized without being placed
in the water after being heated, or it may be pulverized without being heated. In
this pulverized condition it is mixed with oil, grease, or any suitable material or
compound, and applied to the parts to be lubricated. When used as a packing for
steam chests, &c, it may be mixed with cotton, hemp, or any similar fibrous
substance. It is applied in this way as a packing for furnace, steam, and hot-air
pipes, or any other similar tubes for conveying steam, also to steam engines and
steam boilers.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, we would state that what we
claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,-

page_text: CLAIM.
Pulverized mica mixed with oil, grease, or any suitable material or compound as
a lubricant and packing for steam engines, steam boilers, steam and hot-air pipes,
axles, journals, bearings, stuffing boxes, and all parts of machinery which are
exposed to friction or the effects of heat, and in general where a non-conductor of 5
heat is required.
In witness whereof, we, the said Henry Potts Scott and Benton Hart Zerbe,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-seventh day of September,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
AN IMPROVED WOOD PAVEMENT
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Armstrong, of Roker Terrace, Sunderland, in the
County of Durham, Timber Merchant, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED
WOOD PAVEMENT.”
Sealed the 26th May 1877, and dated the 19th December 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Armstrong at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th December 1876.
JOHN ARMSTRONG, of Roker Terrace, Sunderland, in the County of Durham,
Timber Merchant. "AN IMPROVED WOOD PAVEMENT."
The object of this Invention is to produce a wood pavement of greater durability
than those at present in use; to this end I construct the pavement with blocks of
compressed wood.
The wood from which the blocks are to be cut, or the blocks after being cut, may
be dealt with either in their native state, or first be kyanized, creosoted, or subjected
to other preserving processes, and then are, according to my Invention, to be sub-
mitted to very powerful pressure, so as to closely compress the fibres of the wood
and render them comparatively impervious to the action of water or moisture.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Armstrong in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 18th June
1877.
JOHN ARMSTRONG, of Roker Terrace, Sunderland, in the County of Durham,
Timber Merchant. "AN IMPROVED WOOD PAVEMENT."
The object of this Invention is to produce a wood pavement of greater durability
than those at present in use; to this end it is proposed to construct the pavement
with blocks of compressed wood.
The wood from which the blocks are to be cut, or the blocks after being cut,
either in their native state, or kyanized, creosoted, or otherwise preserved, are,
according to this Invention, to be passed through rollers or dies, or into moulds
[Price 2.1

page_text: by powerful hydraulic or mechanical pressure, so that the fibres of the wood will be
closely compressed and rendered impervious to the action of water or moisture.
Having been thus prepared the blocks are laid for pavement in any of the ordinary
approved methods, according to the requirements of situation and traffic.
What I consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention
secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the constructing
wood pavement with blocks of wood, the fibres of which have been closely com-
pressed (either before or after being cut) as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Armstrong, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fifteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-seven.
Witness to the signature of the
said John Armstrong,
W". POTTS,
17, North Bridge Street,
Sunderland,
Agent.
JOHN ARMSTRONG. (L.S.)
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Christopher Burton at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th July 1876.
CHRISTOPHER BURTON, of Rotherham, in the County of York, Sewing Machine
Merchant. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES."
My Invention has for its object facilitating the threading of the cotton or throad
carried by shuttles, and also obtaining a more equal tension than is obtained by the
usual method of threading through a number of holes.
In carrying out my Invention for the purposes abovo mentioned I dispenso with
the eyelet holes in the side of the shuttle as generally used, and I form an oblong
slot lengthways of the shuttle and arrange therein a spring bar, by preference of
about one-third the width and of nearly the same length of the slot. One end of
this bar is secured to or formed in one with the body of the shuttle, whilst the
other end is curved upwards and caused to press slightly against the body of the
shuttle in order to prevent the cotton or thread from slipping off. On the inner
portion of the top side of the shuttle a spring of considerable length is secured by
means of a screw, the end of the spring nearest the bow being provided with a boss
or thickened portion with corresponding screw thread to receive the screw. This
screw is also employed to regulate the pressure of the spring against the side of the
shuttle. The opposite end of the spring is provided with a hole for the cotton or
thread to pass through, an entrance or slot being provided from the edge of the
spring to facilitate the insertion of the thread into the hole. The spring is caused
to press slightly against the side of the shuttle for the purpose of obtaining the
dosired tension on the cotton or thread. Near the fixed end of the spring and
through the side of the shuttle I form a bevelled slot terminating in a small hole
for the cotton or thread to pass through, and I cover the hole on the outer side of
the shuttle by a spring of peculiar shape for the purposes of retaining the cotton or
thread in the holo formed in the side of the shuttle, and also for preventing any
loose or slack cotton on the return of the shuttle from becoming entangled.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN CAN AND METALLIC CASE OPENERS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Joseph Bird at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th October 1876. A communication
from abroad by Samuel Poole, of Boston, State of Massachusetts, United
States.
"
FREDERICK JOSEPH BIRD, of Kingsland, in the County of Middlesex. IM-
PROVEMENTS IN CAN AND METALLIC CASE OPENERS." A communication from
abroad by Samuel Poole, of Boston, State of Massachusetts, United States.
These improvements relate to the construction of can openers, and mainly
comprise the following points-A lever having a stabber or piercer at one end
passes through a guide piece. This guide piece is provided at the upper part with
a binding or set screw, and is at its lower part bifurcated with bearings for the axis
or pin of a flanged wheel which is mounted on said axis or pin, and works in the
space in the bifurcated part.
In action the stabber or piercer is first pressed into the top of the can or other
article, and when a sufficient extent of opening has been made the guide piece is
moved along the lever, the binding or set screw being unscrewed, so that the flanged
wheel which is carried in the bearings on guide piece is brought to work on the
edge of the can or metallic case; the set screw is then screwed up so as to hold the
wheel in position; then the handle of the lever carrying the stabber or piercer guide
and wheel can be moved so as to cut by means of the flanged wheel the can or other
article required to be opened.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TOAST RACKS, CRUET FRAMES OR STANDS, LIQUEUR CASES OR STANDS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Jackson and Charles
Jackson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th November
1876.
WILLIAM HENRY JACKSON, of Islington, in the County of Middlesex, Silversmith,
and CHARLES JACKSON, of Burton-on-Trent, in the County of Stafford, Jeweller.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TOAST RACKS, CRUET FRAMES OR STANDS, LIQUEUR CASES OR
STANDS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES."
This Invention consists in constructing or manufacturing toast racks, cruet
frames, liqueur stands, and other similar articles in such a manner that they can be
folded or laterally compressed or closed together, and so made to occupy a much
less space when required to be packed up for travelling or sending to a distance, or
stored away when not required for use, and so that during transit there may be a less
liability of their sustaining injury, whilst still preserving their usual rigidity of
construction when in their opened or usual condition.
One modification of carrying this Invention into practice, and which is especially
applicable to toast racks, consists in forming the bottom of parallel side and end
bars, and pivotting these at their intersections, and in connecting the opposite side
bars by pivotting the usual cross rack bars thereto. This modification may be
simplified by dispensing with the end bars.
A second modification embraces the pivotting of the side and end bars, and the
use of a middle cross bar, to which the handle would be secured, or which might act
as a cross rack bar, and carry the handle. In this modification the rack bars may
be made as uprights, and not pivotted into the bottom side bars, but soldered to or
cast or otherwise made therewith.
In these modifications the pivotting of the side, end and rack bars allows of the
rack being folded or laterally compressed or closed together, so that in the case of
the cross rack bars in their closed condition they have an appearance somewhat
resembling the end view of the laths of a Venetian blind when let down.
system of pivotting affords the most simple ineans of carrying our Invention into
practice.
This
In the case of such articles as cruet frames and liqueur stands wherein bottles of
various shapes are usually placed we adopt the same principle of construction. We
arrange the bottom and top outer bars in the forin the frame is required to receive,
and connect the top and bottom bars together and with each other at their corner

page_text: intersections by uprights, the joints being closed in such a manner as to ensure
rigidity and firmness of construction, and to allow of the desired movements of the
bars about the uprights as centres, so as to allow of a square frame being closed to
the shape of an elongated diamond. The opposite outer bars both top and bottom
inay be connected by cross bars pivotted to them, which may divide the frame as i
required for the various sized bottles, and which may also serve as supports for the
bottles, and in cases requiring it may carry a handle.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ENVELOPES OR HAIRS USED IN EXTRACTING OIL FROM OLEAGINOUS SEEDS, AND IN OIL CAKE MAKING."
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Stokes Elston and Charles
Benson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th July 1876.
SAMUEL STOKES ELSTON and CHARLES BENSON, both of Hull, in the County of
York. IMPROVEMENTS IN ENVELOPES OR HAIRS USED IN EXTRACTING OIL
FROM OLEAGINOUS SEEDS, AND IN OIL CAKE MAKING."
The object of this Invention is to so construct envelopes or hairs" used in oil
cake making that they may be formed without the bolts at present used, and
thereby the envelope is rendered considerably lighter than those at present
in use, and also more durable, as by dispensing with the iron bolts we avoid the
wear of the bolts which are passed through the "hairs" or envelopes at present
used.
We prefer to construct our envelopes or "hairs" mainly as follows--The ribs
or pieces of wood forming the top side are arranged somewhat similar to those at
present in use, but we dispense with the bolts that are at present used for securing
same together, and substitute in place thereof a key or keyboard, which is dove-
tailed into the parts forming the upper surface or ribbed part of the envelope on the
under side thereof, or if desired other arrangements as to fastening said keyboard
to the ribbed portion of the envelope may be used. Under the keyboard a small,
bar or bars of iron are dovetailed into the wood, so that when in the press and
under considerable pressure it cannot very easily give way; and also between every
segment forming the envelope there is inserted or driven into each segment a
dowel," which makes the envelope very strong. These "dowels are placed
between the keyboard and the outer edge of the envelope. The handle of the
envelope is screwed on the broad end of the envelope with coarse threaded screws.
By constructing our envelopes thus we dispense with the bolts, as before described.
To protect the wood of the envelope on top and bottom iron plates are secured at
the ends thereof by bolts or suitable fastenings.
"
"
IMPROVEMENTS IN REVOLVING SHUTTERS AND BLINDS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Thomas Hughes at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th December 1876. A
communication from abroad by Wilhelm Tillmans, Manufacturer, of Remscheid,
Prussia.
EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent Agents,
123, Chancery Lane, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN REVOLVING SHUTTERS AND
BLINDS." A communication from abroad by Wilhelm Tillmans, Manufacturer, of
Remscheid, Prussia.
This Invention relates to improvements in window shutters and screens, and
combines the advantages of "revolving shutters," Venetian and canvas blinds, and
consists of bands of sheet metal which are bent to the desired form, and have a rib
formed in the middle to give rigidity, their edges being rolled longitudinally for the
reception of bolts. These bands or thin metal plates are fastened at their opposite
rolled edges to one of two chains, one of which is the fore chain or so called
adjusting chain, the other the rear chain or supporting chain, both of these chains
being formed of links joined by means of light bolts.
For opening the blind after the manner of a "Venetian," a strong endless cord is
passed over a groove in the winding pulley and over a smaller grooved pulley fixed
in any desired position, and a band, cord, or chain, is attached to a drum on the shaft
of the driving pulley at one end, and at the other end to a second shaft, which is
fixed to and forms the head of the shutter or blind, and a light chain or cord is
attached to the fore chain, and thence passed over a roll on the shutter head shaft
and attached to the winding shaft.
Upon hauling on the endless band, the angle of inclination of the strips of metal
forming the shutter may be adjusted, and the rolling of the blind be also effected if
such hauling be continued. The endless band is arranged to be sufficiently taut to
prevent the uncoiling of the rolled or winded shutter. This form of blind or
shutter may also be used as a safety shutter.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SIGNALLING IN RAILWAY TRAINS AND FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Agnew Pope at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th February 1876.
WILLIAM AGNEW POPE, of Portland Place, in the County of Middlesex.
"IM-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SIGNALLING IN RAILWAY TRAINS AND FOR OTHER
SIMILAR PURPOSES."
My Invention relates to improved means of communicating between the passengers
and the guard and driver, and between the guard and driver of a railway train,
and consists in the utilization of air pressure by the compression of a bellows or
diaphragm for sounding an alarm, and displaying a signal on the engine and in the
guard's van.
In carrying out my Invention I place a bellows in each carriage in either one or
more of the compartments thereof, and also in the guard's van, which bellows are
in communication by means of suitable pipes or conduits with the sounding medium
and sight signal before referred to.
Any suitable alarm and sight signal brought into action by the pressure of the air
may be used, but a convenient arrangement consists of a piston fitted in a cylinder
and having a vertical rod extending upwards therefrom, which rod by the elevation
of the piston under the action of the pressure of the air will be brought into view.
A whistle is employed in conjunction with this signal, so that an audible and
visible signal are produced simultaneously, or the whistle may be employed alone
and the sight signal be dispensed with.
It is proposed to arrange the apparatus so that the passenger in order to compress
the bellows shall be required to rupture a paper or other diaphragm, or otherwise
indicate from what carriage the signal has proceeded.
The apparatus may be used in connection with the vacuum brake apparatus,
employed on railways, or separately therefrom as desired.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SCORING THE GAME OF BILLIARDS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Walton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd September 1876.
WILLIAM WALTON, of Denton, in the County of Lancaster, Card Manufacturer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SCORING THE GAME OF BILLIARDS."
In performing my Invention I divide a board into two or more rows of numerals,
say from 1 to 50 or 100, and I cover each row of numerals with an endless band
of leather or other suitable material, passing around drums; in order to prevent the
slipping of the bands I fix ribs or studs to them, which take into recesses in the
drums, or pins on the drums may be used. In each band is an aperture to expose
to view the numerals as it is moved forward by turning the diums round. Near
each aperture may be the representation of a horse or other figure; as the game
progresses, the marker turns the druin corresponding to the ball of the player, (spot
or plain,) so as to bring the aperture in each band over the numeral indicating the
score. The drums are turned round by a ratchet wheel and catch or other equivalents,
and the turning apparatus of each drum produces a different sound, so that each
player can tell without looking when the proper score is registered. At the end of the
game a gong or other equivalent is sounded by a stud projecting from the band acting
on a spindle, by this arrangement the relative scores of the players can be seen,
and the scoring can be heard from any part of the room in which the game is played.
My Invention may be modified by marking the numerals on an endless belt
passing around drums, and by making the aperture through which the score is seen
on a second endless belt, also passing around diums; the second belt passes over the
first; the two driving drums of each pair of belts are connected by toothed
wheels; by this means the belts are moved in opposite directions, and com-
paratively large numerals can be used while the length of the apparatus is reduced.
Another part of my Invention consists in making one row of numerals do for
both spot and plain pointers, one pointing upwards and the other downwards. The
pointers are moved along the board by screws or other equivalents, which are acted
upon from one end of the board by ratchet wheels and clicks or otherwise; each
click indicates one figure, and as each click produces a different sound from the
other, the players can tell without looking if the score is being properly registered,
or a similar apparatus may be used with two rows of numerals.
AN IMPROVED INTERNAL TUBE CUTTER FOR THE PURPOSE OF CUTTING OFF TUBES IN STEAM BOILERS AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Wyatt and Thomas Purvis
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th April 1876.
GEORGE WYATT, Engineer, of Waltham Cross, in the Parish of Cheshunt, in the
County of Hertfordshire, and THOMAS PURVIS, Engineer, of Blenheim Works,
Eagle Wharf Road, in the Parish of St. Leonard's, Shoreditch, in the County of
Middlesex. "AN IMPROVED INTERNAL TUBE CUTTER FOR THE PURPOSE OF CUTTING
OFF TUBES IN STEAM BOILERS AND OTHER PURPOSES."
1st. A body or cylinder of iron or other metal for the purpose of fixing into the
end of the tube to be cut by means of wedges so arranged on inclines, and advanced
and held firmly in the tube by means of a nut and washer, said body boredl
through to form a bearing for revolving mandrel and head.
2nd. A revolving mandrel and head, said head grooved at right angles with the
mandrel for the purpose of carrying a sliding tool holder.
3rd. A sliding tool holder advanced at right angles to the mandrel by means of a
star wheel, worm, or any suitable means by the revolving of the mandrel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF RINK AND PARLOUR SKATES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Nelson and Isaiah Glazebrook
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th May 1876.
WILLIAM NELSON, Stamper and Piercer, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, and ISAIAH GLAZEBROOK, Machinist, also of Birmingham aforesaid.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF RINK AND PARLOUR SKATES."
Our improvements consist in forming a metallic pedestal with an inclined plane,
and which pedestal and inclined plane we apply in pairs on the under side of the
stock or foot stand of the skate, the said inclined planes being reversed (that is to
say) the inclines dipping towards the transverse centre of the skate, and to these
inclined planes we apply axis for carrying the wheels or rollers, the said axis having
a central enlarged flattened part for bearing on the inclined planes to which they
may be attached by a strong screw or otherwise, so that the said axis may freely
works in its limited range of action, and by which means we obtain a converging or
directing motion. The indius or curveture of action right or left depends on the
angle of the inclined planes controled or held in check by suitable springs. The
wheels are applied to their respective axis and held on by split cotters or otherwise.
Four-wheeled skates thus constructed will be found light, safe, and pleasant in
action; but suppose that two central wheels are required we make the part herein-
before described as the axis a main top bar of an open frame for carrying central
wheels or rollers. The axis of the said frame works on the inclines in the same
manner as the axis herein-before described, the action in turning being the same as
when four rollers are used.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING THE RECEIPTOF MONIES IN BARS AND OTHER PLACES."
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Turner at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th May 1876.
WALTER TURNER, of No. 257, Wandsworth Road, in the County of Surrey.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING THE RECEIPTOF MONIES
IN BARS AND OTHER PLACES."
The object of the improvements is to afford means for checking the receipt of
monies in bars and other places, by separating the monies taken during one hour
or period of time from those taken during the next, and so on, and thus to afford an
opportunity of comparing the takings of corresponding hours or periods of time of
different days, which in the ordinary course of business are found generally more or
less the same in amount; and at the same time to prevent fraudulent manipulation
on the part of the bar or other attendant or receiver of the money after it has once
been deposited in the till.
For this purpose I provide a box or enclosing case, into which slides a drawer
capable of being secured by locking arrangement to prevent illicit opening, within
which drawer are provided a number of trays or drawers, or suitable receptacles for
the monies received, each tray or other receptacle being so placed as to be capable of
receiving the monies deposited during one hour or other determined period therein
through a slit or opening in a sliding cover. This sliding cover resembles an endless
apron or shutter formed of jointed bars, or slats of wood, or other suitably flexible
material, and surrounds the top, bottom, and ends of the drawer and receptacles of
monies, traversing in grooves or on guides formed at the sides of the box, forming
the cover thereto, except the small opening provided for the insertion of the monies,
but it may be otherwise formed.
The edges of the box may bear indications corresponding with the respective
receptacles within, denoting the periods during which the openings for the monies
should be in position at those parts. Two rows of receptacles may be employed,
one along the one side of the length of the box and another along the other, and the
opening is capable of being closed on the completion of its traverse over the first row
by a sliding piece, which at the same time exposes another opening communicating
with the second row or series of receptacles along which this opening is traversed
in succession as desired. Suitable catches or stops applied to the sliding cover acting
in racks or against stops applied to or formed on the case to prevent the traverse of
the sliding cover with the opening for deposit of the monies in the reverse direction
to that desired, and the return of the sliding piece when it has been caused to close
the one opening and open another over the fresh series of receptacles, is prevented

page_text: by a catch engaging with a stop applied to the enclosing case or frame, until
released therefrom from the interior at the will of the holder of the key to the drawer
or opening.
-
The apparatus may be employed for the reception in like manner of tickets,
checks, or other indications of value.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WATERPROOF PACKING MATERIALS
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Moseley, of the City of Manchester, India-rubber
Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
WATERPROOF PACKING MATERIALS.”
Sealed the 16th June 1870, and dated the 8th April 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Moseley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the Sth April 1876.
CHARLES MOSELEY, of the City of Manchester, India-rubber Manufacturer.
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WATERPROOF PACKING MATERIALS."
IM-
My Invention consists in rendering paper or woven or felted fabrics, or paper
combined with woven or felted fabrics, or two or more thicknesses of paper water-
proof by coating the paper or woven or felted fabrics, or a combination thereof,
with india-rubber by any of the well-known processes, and then subjecting the same
to the ordinary vulcanising process. By this means I obtain strong waterproof
packing materials, which are not affected by ordinary changes of temperature, and
which are more pliable and durable than those prepared in the ordinary manner.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Moseley in the Great Seal Patent Office ou the 2nd October
1870.
CHARLES MOSELEY, of the City of Manchester, India-rubber Manufacturer. “IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WATERPROOF PACKING MATERIALS."
My Invention consists in rendering paper, or paper combined with woven or felted
fabrics, or two or more thicknesses of paper waterproof by coating the paper or the
paper combined with woven or felted fabrics with india-rubber by any of the well-
known processes, and then subjecting the same to the ordinary vulcanising process.
By this means I obtain strong waterproof packing materials, which are not affected
by ordinary changes of temperature, and which are more pliable and durable than
those prepared in the ordinary manner.

page_text: Having thus stated the nature and particulars of my Invention, I declare that I
claim the improved mode of manufacturing waterproof packing materials, as
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Moseley, have hereto set my hand
and seal, this Thirtieth day of September, One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-six.
CHARLES MOSELEY. (L.S.)
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF SELF-REVOLVING HAIR BRUSHES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Hope Alston Hunter at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th July 1876.
ROBERT HOPE ALSTON HUNTER, of East Retford, in the County of Nottingham.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF SELF-REVOLVING
HAIR BRUSHES."
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction and arrangement of
self-revolving hair brushes, and consists in fitting within an inner casing a couple
of helical springs whose axles or arbors have each attached a pinion for giving
motion to intermediate wheels, and a crown or edge toothed wheel in gear with a
pinion loosely fitted on a shaft at each side of the inner casing, the shaft being part
of the handles by which the article is held in the hands. The springs can be wound
up in opposite directions, and when released they cause the end pieces to which
the last-named pinions are fixed to revolve, and with them the brush which is
attached to the end pieces and an outer casing.
The brush proper is attached temporarily to the outer casing which is formed
with the end pieces, and can be removed when desired for another brush of a harder
or a softer texture to be fitted on or over the outer casing.
The handles carry a catch each, which can be released by a pressure of one or
both of the thumbs or fingers of the hands when the brush has to be put into
operation.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CHAIRS AND RAILS FOR TRAMWAYS AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Langley and Samuel Cocker at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th February 1876.
JAMES LANGLEY and SAMUEL COCKER, the younger, both of Sheffield, in the
County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CHAIRS AND RAILS
FOR TRAMWAYS AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES."
Our Invention relates to the construction of chairs and rails used in the formation
of tramways & other similar light railways, for the better securing the rails to the
chairs, and for the greater facility in removing the rails for alterations and repairs,
and it consists principally in constructing the rails (which may be made of iron or
steel or other suitable material, and having one or more faces or wearing surfaces
with a longitudinal groove, either intermittent or continuous, on each side of the
rail, such groove being by preference of a semicircular form, but any shape of groove
may be used that will obtain the desired result.
२
The top of the chair is made to receive the rail in a hollow or recess open at, the
top; and on one of the inner sides of this recess a key or projection corresponding to
the shape of the groove in the rail is by preference cast solid with the chair; on the
opposite side of the recess is formed a "groove" also corresponding to the groove in
the rail, and so placed that when the rail is in position the two half grooves form a
complete pin hole or keyway for a pin or key.
The key or cotter pin may be made of any suitable material, and slightly tapered
to fit the pin hole tightly when driven in. We propose to make the cotter pin
with a head projecting from one side only to enter a corresponding cavity or slot
in the chair for the purpose of preventing the cotter pin from turning round, and
thus becoming loose, but any suitable form of cotter pin may be employed..
When it is required to remove a rail from its chair the cotter pin is driven out,
and the rail, which has its corners or edges sufficiently rounded off will turn on the
half-round projection or solid key, which forms a species of hinge, and it can then be
lifted from the chair,
In lieu of the half-round projection or key being cast or otherwise made solid
with the chair, both sides of the recess for the rail may be provided with grooves,
and two loose keys may be used to secure the rail in position. In this case on the
keys being withdrawn the rail can be lifted vertically out of the recess.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FIXING GLASS ON BUILDING OR OTHER MATERIALS WITH A VIEW TO THE ORNAMENTATION OF THE SAME.
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Aylett Cooper at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd January 1876.
SAMUEL AYLETT COOPER, Surveyor, of Old Lodge, in the Parish of Micheldever,
in the County of Hants. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIXING GLASS ON BUILDING OR OTHER
MATERIALS WITH A VIEW TO THE ORNAMENTATION OF THE SAME.'
"
An adaptation of glass to any material, such as wood, stone, slate, brick, iron,
the walls of public or private buildings, ships' bottoms, and certain descriptions of
household furniture. The glass is fastened to the surface of any of the above
mentioned materials by means of an adhesive putty or cement, composed of pulverized
chalk, litharge, different coloured earths, and mineral powders, with a certain
quantity of linseed oil, the said putty or cement being worked in an artistic manner
to represent imitations of marbles, woods, and enamels of various colours, upon
which the glass is to remain in a firm and durable manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROPULSION OF DOUBLE VESSELS AND APPARATUS THEREFOR."
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Bowman at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 9th November 1876.
HENRY BOWMAN, of Brockham Green, in the County of Surrey. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE PROPULSION OF DOUBLE VESSELS AND APPARATUS THEREFOR."
My Invention relates to a method of and apparatus for propelling vessels of the
double kind, that is to say, such as consist of two hulls with a space or channel
between them decked over. In this channel I place the propelling apparatus, con-
structing and working it in such a manner as to obtain sufficient hold on the water
to effect propulsion without having a large structure projecting above deck as in
cases where paddle wheels are employed. I provide three or more strong frames,
each of which has fixed to its lower edge a row of vertical paddles or floats. Each
of those frames extending lengthwise of the vessel is mounted on cranks upon
transverse shafts driven by the engines, so that every part of the frame and con-
sequently each of its floats or paddles receives a circular motion corresponding to
that of the cranks. The floats being thus caused to reciprocate to and fro and up
and down, descend into the water, and make their back stroke propelling the
vessel, and then rise out of the water and make their forward stroke, and so on
continuously.
By setting the several cranks at angles to one another the several sets of paddles
are made to act in succession, so that while one or other of the sets is making its
forward stroke without performing work, others are in the fact of making their
back strokes, giving propulsion to the vessel, and thus the propulsive effort is rendered
nearly uniform.
The several frames with their paddles may be mounted side by side where there
is sufficient width of channel between the two hulls of the vessel to accommodate
them, or two or more of the frames may be mounted side by side in the channel and
others before or behind them.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RIFLES, CARTRIDGES, AND PROJECTILES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Turner at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd March 1876.
THOMAS TURNER, the younger, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Gun
Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN RIFLES, CARTRIDGES, AND PROJECTILES."
My improvements in rifles have for their object the prevention of fouling, and
consist in making at the rear end of the barrel and in advance of the charge
chamber a cylindrical or nearly cylindrical chamber of a diameter equal or nearly
equal to the diameter of the deepest part of the rifling. I make this chamber after
the barrel has been rifled by means of a turning tool of the kind commonly called
a chambering tool. By the use of this tool the bore of the barrel is at the part
immediately in front of the charge chamber enlarged until the rifle groove disappears
or nearly disappears at that part. When a rifle made according to my Invention is
fired the fouling is confined to the said chamber, and the lands of the rifle being
preserved clean, the motion of the projectile is not interfered with as it is by the
fouling of the lands in an ordinary rifle barrel.
The same advantage may be obtained by making the cartridge case as herein-after
described, which method of making cartridge cases constitutes my improvements in
cartridges. This part of my Invention consists in making in front of the metallic
case of the cartridge, and in advance of that part in which the projectile is fixed an
expanded chamber of somewhat larger diameter than the projectile, in which
chamber the fouling is deposited when the rifle is fired.
My Invention consists further in the following improvements in projectiles:-I
make the projectile or bullet of the figure of a very short cylinder with hemi-
spherical terminations, the projectile having a cylindrical or conical hollow or cavity
in its axis extending from the front to nearly the base of the projectile. By this
method of manufacturing projectiles the weight of the projectile is reduced and a
higher velocity is obtained with the same weight of gunpowder than is obtained
with bullets of the ordinary construction.
The several improvements constituting my Invention are especially applicable to
sporting rifles.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING THE VIBRATION, OR RATTLING OF SLIDING WINDOWS, AND FOR RETAINING THEM IN POSITION
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Jowett at the Office of the
the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th October 1876.
JAMES JOWETT, of Vine Terrace, Fairweather Green, near Bradford, in the County
of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING THE VIBRATION, OR
RATTLING OF SLIDING WINDOWS, AND FOR RETAINING THEM IN POSITION."
My Invention relates to improved apparatus for preventing the vibration or
rattling of, and for retaining in position sliding windows for houses, carriages,
omnibuses, cabs, tramway cars, and railway carriages. For this purpose I fit on the
outside or on the inside of the framework of sliding windows a bracket having near
the centre a slot hole in which slides a stud having a square head formed on one
end which works on one of the sides of the bracket; over the stud and on the
other side of the bracket is fitted a washer and an antifriction wheel or roller; on
the side of the bracket are fitted or formed lugs, in which is fixed a spring (by
preference made of steel); this spring presses against the square head of the stud
forcing the stud, wheel, or roller out in the slot hole; the square head of the stud,
lugs, and spring can be enclosed in a metal box.
The bracket is screwed to the framework of the window, and the wheel or roller
made to press against the window sash or against the window frame; the spring
pressing the wheel or roller keeps the window sash or frame firmly pressed against
the opposite sides of the window frame or sash, preventing vibration or rattling,
keeping the window in position. In lifting or lowering the window the antifriction
wheel or roller will give with the spring and facilitate the working of the window,
and a bracket can be fitted on each side of the window.
I can also construct my apparatus with the spring and lugs in front of the bracket
instead of being at the back, leaving the back even; the spring is forked at the
end, acting on the stud on each side of the antifriction wheel or roller, giving an
even pressure; the spring is fitted in lugs formed in front of the bracket, and the
wheel or roller spring and lugs are fitted in a box, the front plate of which forms
one of the bearers for the stud; the wheel or roller is made to project from
the box.
.