IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Nathaniel Lloyd, of Church, near Accrington, in the
County of Lancaster, Calico Printer, and John Gallemore Dale, of the
same Place, Chemist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING
Sealed the 19th September 1861, and dated the 20th March 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Nathaniel Lloyd at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
March 1861.
We, NATHANIEL LLOYD, of Church, near Accrington, in the County of Lan-
caster, Calico Printer, and JOHN GALLEMORE DALE, of the same Place, Chemist,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING
AND PRINTING TEXTILE MATERIALS AND FABRICS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to printing and dyeing with coloring matters derived
from aniline, naphthaline, and other substances of that class. These colors we
propose to use with tannin and tartarized antimony or other substance which
will produce an insoluble tannate. The order in which these substances are
applied may be varied, but as an example we may state that we print or dye
the goods with a mixture of the coloring matter and tannin, and then apply
the tartarized antimony.
15 SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, fled
by the said Nathaniel Lloyd and John Gallemore Dale in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 20th September 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, NATHANIEL
LLOYD, of Church, near Accrington, in the County of Lancaster, Calico Printer,
20 and JOHN GALLEMORE DALE, of the same Place, Chemist, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Nathaniel Lloyd and John Gallemore Dale, Her special license that
we, the said Nathaniel Lloyd and John Gallemore Dale, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Nathaniel Lloyd
and John Gallemore Dale, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN, DYEING AND PRINTING TEXTILE MATERIALS AND FABRICS," upon
the condition, amongst others, that we, the said Nathaniel Lloyd and John
Gallemore Dale, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals
(or under the hand and seal of one of us), should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office, within six: calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Nathaniel Lloyd and John Gallemore
Dale, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement (that is to say): -
Our. Invention consists in an improved method of fixing that class of colors
derived from aniline, naphthaline, &c. (known under the names of mauve,
Magenta, rosaline, rosine, &c.) upon cotton or linen materials or fabrics.
In order to accomplish this object we mix tannin with the color to be printed,
and thicken it with gum senegal or any other appropriate thickening. This
color is printed upon unprepared goods steamed and passed through a boiling
solution of tartarized antimony; or we print on tannin alone thickened with
gum senegal, steam, and pass through the antimony solution, and afterwards
dye the cloth in a weak solution of mauve or other analine color, which solu-
tion we prefer to be used with acetic acid. When we desire to use the first-
mentioned process we take a color compound, as under,-
1 gall. gum water, 8 to 10 oz. of pure tannin,
.Coloring matter to shade required.
. This is then printed upon unprepared goods, steamed at a pressure of from
lb. to 1 lb. per square inch, and passed through a bath of tartarized antimony

page_text: of the strength of about 2 oz. per gallon of water, at a temperature of from
180° to 112° F. After passing through this solution the goods are washed,
dried, and finished in the usual manner.
For the second process we print upon unprepared goods solutions of tannin
thickened with gum senegal or other suitable thickening material of different
degrees of strength, accordingly as we require a dark or pale shade; but we
may mention, as an example, that for a dark shade we use 20 oz. of pure
tannin to the gallon of gum water, and for a pale shade about 3 or 4 oz.
After printing, the goods are steamed one hour at a pressure of from lb. to
1 lb. per square inch, and are then passed through the antimony bath of the
same strength as that employed in process No. 1. They are now well washed
and dyed in a weak acid solution of mauve or other coloring matter, as above
mentioned. The heat is kept low at first, but is afterwards gradually got to
the boiling point, where it is kept for about fifteen to twenty minutes. When
the goods are dyed, if the whites are not clear, they can be treated in the
manner ordinarily employed for madder or gaurancine, videlicet, with chloride
of lime, and subsequently with soap.
We have above spoken of tartarized antimony, that being the trade term of
the substance we prefer employing, and which is a double salt of antimony and
potash; but the tartrate and other combinations of antimony may be employed
provided they be capable of dilution with water.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of our said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be under-
stood that we claim as secured to us under the above in part recited Letters
Patent, the use of tannin in combination with tartarized antimony, or other
combinations of antimony, for the purposes above set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Nathaniel Lloyd, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
N. LLOYD. (L.S.)