Improvements in or connected with Domestic or other Cisterns.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Domestic or other Cisterns.
I, THOMAS JOHN SMITH of Springfield Farm Tooting, in the County of
Surrey Gardener, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The invention relates to improvements in or connected with domestic or other
cisterns.
Domestic.cisterns are commonly lined with or formed of lead, zinc, or galvanised
iron and these materials are all more or less objectionable for the reason that the
water is to some extent affected thereby in consequence of the oxidation or other
action of the surface in contact with the water, thus rendering the water more or
less impure.
Now the object of the present invention is to obtain a lining for a cistern which
will be wholly or almost wholly unaffected by the water and which will present a
clean and pure surface thereto at all times.
For this purpose the lining of the cistern is composed of aluminium which
according to one arrangement is laid upon the interior of the cistern in the form
of sheets which at the joints overlap and are held in close contact by means
of clamping bars of aluminium, hard wood, cuamelled iron, or other suitable
material.
Or in lieu of or in addition to the clamping bars the joints are sometimes formed
by means of "S" or other seama or the plates may be soldered together at the
joints.
Or in the case of cisterns of moderate size the lining may be pressed out of a
single sheet of aluminium in order to avoid the necessity for joints.
Or in the case of a rectangular cistern a sheet of aluminium may if desired be
folded into the required shape the surplus metal at the corners being doubled over
and folded on the end or side, either on the inside or outside of the cistern and
there retained by rivetting.
In order to make the necessary joints between the cistern lining and the supply
pipe for the house, when it is difficult or impossible to satisfactorily solder the
pipe to the lining the pipe may be flanged and bolted or fastened to the lining
by means of aluminium or other rivets, a suitable packing ring of leather or the
like being interposed between the parts or the joint might be formed in any other
suitable manner.
Although the generally accepted form of a domestic cistern is rectangular it
will be evident that comparatively small cisterns may be pressed or otherwise
worked out of a single sheet of aluminium in a rounded or hemispherical form..
In some cases it may be found convenient to cast the cistern or lining in
aluminium.
By the means herein before described a cistern or cistern lining is obtained which
will be practically unaffected by the action of water thereon, and which will
present a clean surface for an indefinite time.
L dos of Tana 190A
WHITE & WOODINGTON,
27 Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.

page_text: I, THOMAS JOHN SMITH of Springfield Farm, Tooting in the County of
Surrey, Gardener, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The invention relates to improvements in or connected with domestic. or other
cisterns.
Domestic cisterns are commonly lined with or formed of lead, zinc, or galvanised
iron and these materials are all more or less objectionable for the reason that the
water is to some extent affected thereby in consequence of the oxidation or other
action of the surface in contact with the water, thus rendering the water more or
less impure.
Now the object of the present invention is to obtain a lining or a cistern which
will be wholly or almost wholly unaffected by the water, and which will present a
clean and pure surface thereto at all times.
For this purpose the lining of the cistern is composed of aluminium which
according to one arrangement is laid upon the interior of the cistern in the
form of sheets which at the joints overlap and are held in close contact by
means of clamping bars of aluminium, wood, enamelled iron, or other suitable
material.
Or in lieu of or in addition to the clamping bars the joints are sometimes formed
by means of "S" or other seams, or the plates may be soldered together at the
joints.
Or in the case of cisterns of moderate size the lining may be pressed out of a
single sheet of aluminium in order to avoid the necessity for joints.
Or in the case of a rectangular cistern a sheet of aluminium may if desired be
folded into the required shape the surplus metal at the corners being doubled over
and, folded on the end or side, either on the inside or outside of 'the oistern and
there retained by rivetting.
In order to make the necessary joints between the cistern lining and the supply
pipe for the house, when it is difficult or 'impossible to satisfactorily solder the
pipe to the lining the pipe may be flanged and bolted or fastened to the lining
by means of aluminium or other rivets a suitable packing ring of leather or the
like being interposed between the parts or the joint might be formed in any other
suitable manner.
Although the generally accepted form of a domestic cistern is rectangular it
will be evident that comparatively small cisterns may be pressed or otherwise
worked out of a single sheet of aluminium in a rounded or hemispherical form.
"In some cases it may be found convenient to cast the cistern or lining from
molten aluminium.
And in order that the said invention may be more clearly understood and readily
carried into effect I will proceed aided by the accompanying drawings more fully to
describe.the same..
F
J
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a vertical section representing a metal cistern fitted with a lining.
according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is.a horizontal section of part thereof.
Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 but representing a modification in the
method of joining the parts of the lining

page_text: Figure 4 is a similar view. representing a further slight modification....
T
Figure 5 is arvertical section of a wood cistern illustrating the application of the
invention thereto and the employment of wood clamping bars..
Figure 6 is a sectional view representing a part thereof.
Figure 7 is a vertical section of a wood cistern fitted with a lining. formed with.
folded joints arranged on the outside thereof.
Figure 8 is a plan thereof.
Figure 9 is a plan showing the lining in process of folding the joints.
Figure 10, is a plan of a lining separately formed with folded joints arranged;
upon the inside thereof.
Figure 11 is a vertical section of a wood cistern fitted with a lining. formed by
stamping or pressing according to the present invention:
Figure 12 is a vertical section of a small cistern. formed by stamping or pressing
according to the present invention.
Figure 13 is a plan thereof.
Figure 14 is a vertical section of a cistern or lining forined by casting, and
Figure 15 is a sectional view of a portion of a wood cistern fitted with a lining
according to the present invention and illustrating a method of joining the house
supply, pipe therewith.
In the several figures in which like parts are indicated by similar letters of
reference Figures 2, 3, 4, 6 and 15 are drawn to the actual size of the parts whilst
the other figures of the drawings are drawn to a reduced scale..
Referring to Figures 1 and 2 b represents the outer casing of the cistern which
in this example is assumed to be. constructed of galvanised iron in the manner
commonly practised and a represents a lining which according to, the present
invention is constructed of aluminium.
This lining a is laid upon the interior of the casing b in the form of sheets which
at the joints a overlap and are held in close contact by means of clamping baraic
of aluminium which traverse the joints down the sides and along the bottom of the
cistern to which they are.fastened by bolts so as to make an approximately tight
joint between the parts.
li
In the example given at Figure 3 the joint a is somewhat modified, that is to
say instead of the meeting parts of the lining a simply overlapping, they are in
this case folded into a kind of "S" seam a whilst as a further security clamping,
bars are employed to press the folds of the joint a together.
In the example given at Figure 4 the joint a is of a similar character to that.
lastly hereinbefore described, but in this case the clamping bars c are dispersed
with and the "S" fold is relied upon for the security of the joint.
..Or if desired the clamping bars a might be dispensed with and the sheets might
be soldered together at the joints which might be simple overlapping or "S" fold
joints.
In the example given at Figures 5 and 6 the joint of the lining a is assumed to
be substantially the same as that represented at Figure 2 although it might be.
similar to that shown at Figure 3, but in this case the cistern casing b is formed
of wood and the clamping bars c are also formed of wood nailed or bolted to the.
casing band strengthened by means of knees or corner pieces c¹.
These wooden clamping bars may with advantage he coated or impregnated,
with paraffin wax or other suitable material in order to preserve them from
decay.
It will be evident that instead of forming the clamping bars of aluminium or
wood, they might be of enamelled iron or other suitable material.
In the example given at Figures 7, 8, and 9, the cistern casing b is assumed to
be formed of wood whilst the lining a is formed of a single sheet of-aluminium the
surplus metal at the corners a of which is doubled over and folded on to the
outside of the end or side in the manner indicated more particularly at Figure 9
where they may be secured by aluminium or other suitable rivets a' and a practically
seamless living is thus obtained.

page_text: In the example given at Figure 10 is shown a lining a folded into shape in a
similar manner to that lastly herein before described but in this case the corners a'
are folded upon the inside of the ends or sides of the lining a.
In the example given at Figure 11 the cistern casing bis assumed to be formed
of wood and the lining a is pressed stamped or otherwise worked' out of a sheet of
aluminium and the necessity for soldered or other joints is thus avoided.
In the example given at Figures 12, and 13 the casing 6 is dispensed with and
the cistern a which is of comparatively small capacity and designed for domestic
purposes is stamped or worked out of a sheet of aluminium and has a rounded or
hemispherical form given to the lower part thereof.
In the example given at Figure 14 is shown a cistern of the ordinary rectangular
shape but formed by casting the same from molten aluminium.
of
In the example given at Figure 15 is shown a convenient method of making a
joint between the cistern lining a and the supply or draw off pipe d for the house
when is difficult or impossible to satisfactorily solder the pipe to the lining and
for this purpose the pipe d is formed with a flange d' which is fastened to the
lining a by means of aluminium or other suitable rivets da packing ring
leather or other suitable material being interposed between the parts in order to
make a tight joint; or the joint might be formed in any other suitable manner..
By the means bereinbefore described a cistern or cistern lining suitable for domestic,
marine, or other purposes is obtained which will be practically unaffected by
the action of water thereon, and which will present a clean surface for an indefinite
time.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A cistern or cistern lining composed of aluminium substantially as herein
shown and described and for the purpose stated.
2. A cistern lining composed of sheets of aluminium united by-suitable joints
held together by clamping bars substantially as herein shown and described and
for the purpose stated.
or
3. A cistern or cistern lining composed of sheets of aluminium united. by folded
joints substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose
stated.
4. A cistern or cistern lining composed of a sheet of aluminium folded at the
corners so as to produce a rectangular figure substantially as herein shown and
described and for the purpose stated.
5. A cistern or cistern lining composed of a sheet of aluminium stamped or
pressed into the required shape substantially as herein shown and described and for
the purpose stated."
6. A cistern of aluminium cast to the required form whilst in a molten state
substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.
7. A cistern or cistern lining joined with the house supply pipe by means of a
flange upon the latter, a leather or equivalent washer between the flange and the
cistern or lining and aluminium or equivalent rivets for fastening the parts together
substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.
Dated this 27th day of October 1896.
WHITE & WOODINGTON,
27 Southampton Buildings, London, Agents..