IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BOILERS AND FURNACES FOR GENERATING STEAM
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Augustus Huddart, of Brynkir, in
the County of Caernarvon, Esquire, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BOILERS AND FURNACES FOR
GENERATING STEAM."
Sealed the 31st May 1853, and dated the 1st December 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Augustus
Huddart at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 1st December 1852.
I, GEORGE AUGUSTUS HUDDART, of Brynkir, in the County of
Caernarvon, Esquire, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BOILERS AND
FURNACES FOR GENERATING STEAM" to be as follows:
-
The object of this Invention is to economise the heat obtainable
from the combustion of fuel, and to apply it for the purpose of
generating steam with great expedition. In carrying out this
Invention, I provide a tubular boiler, which, by preference, I make

page_text: circular in plan, and in the centre thereof I construct the furnace,
from which a series of tubes radiate, and thereby connect the furnace
with an annular flue, which is surrounded by an annular water space.
Water supplied to the bottom of the boiler is made to circulate
between the tubes and through this water space, and thereby to
absorb the heat generated in the furnace and circulating in the flues.
Connected with the central furnace, is a blowing apparatus, which
supplies air to the heart of the fire, and causes the flame thereof to
radiate and pass off through the tubes. The furnace is supplied
with fuel from a hopper above, either by manual or mechanical
means, but so as to avoid the entrance of a current of air with the
fresh charges of fuel.
Instead of employing radiating tubes, I may set the tubes ver-
tically, using them as water space, and cause the flame to play
around them. In that case, I shall also have an annular water
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, filed by the said George Augustus Huddart in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 1st June 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, 1
GEORGE AUGUSTUS HUDDART, of Brynkir, in the County of Carnarvon,
Esquire, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent bearing date the First day of December, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the six-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said George Augustus Huddart,
Her special license that I, the said George Augustus Huddart, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
George Augustus Huddart, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should

page_text: and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OF BOILERS AND FURNACES FOR GENERATING STEAM," upon the condi-
tion (amongst others) that I, the said George Augustus Huddart,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six ca-
lendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Augustus Huddart, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being
had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures
marked thereon (that is to say):
This Invention relates to certain novel arrangements or construc-
tions of apparatus for effecting the rapid generation of steam. In
the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1, shews in plan view, and Fig. 2,
in sectional elevation, an arrangement of steam boiler and furnace
made of boiler plate iron, and constructed according to my Invention.
a, a, is a central vertical chamber for containing the fuel to be
consumed. This fire chamber is provided with furnace bars b, b,
at its lower end, and it is closed in at top by a hopper c, through
which the fuel is fed to the furnace by the withdrawal, from time
to time, of a slide, which forms the bottom of the hopper. The
hopper is itself closed with a lid, to prevent the passage of air down-
wards with the fuel to the fire. Air for supporting combustion is
supplied to the fire chamber or furnace a, in part through the spaces
between the fire bars, but chiefly through a central air tube d, which
is in connexion with a fun or blower not shewn in the Drawing.
This tube is pierced with holes, to allow of the escape of the air
therefrom in streams amongst the burning fuel. It is also furnished
with radial pins e, e, which are intended to act as stirrers to the

page_text: fire. For this purpose, it is necessary to give the tube d, slow
rotary motion; and to this end the tube d, is mounted loosely on a
hollow bearing f, and by keeping to it a bevel wheel g, rotary motion
may be readily communicated thereto. Projecting radially from the
first chamber a, are the flues h, h, which pass through an annular
water space i, i, and communicate with an annular flue k, k, which
has a return at k*, k*, and thereby forms a second annular water
space,, from the flue k*. At opposite sides thereof rise the
exit flues, l, which conduct away the gaseous products of com-
bustion from the furnace. It will now be understood that, by this
arrangement of concentric flues, I am enabled to obtain a very large
heating surface in a comparatively contracted space, and that, by
the means adopted of feeding the flame, I ain enabled to effect a more
regular, and consequently more perfect, combustion of the fuel than
is ordinarily obtained in steam boiler furnaces. Instead of forming
the central fire chamber of boiler plate iron, and connecting it with
an annular flue by means of radial flues, as already explained with
reference to Fig. 2, I propose, in some cases, to form the chamber
of vertical bars, and set around it vertical tubes as water spaces
(between and around which the flames will play), enclosing the
whole by an annular water space, or jacket, for absorbing the heat
which is not taken up by the tubes. This arrangement I have
shewn in sectional plan view at Fig. 3; in which a, is the central
fire chamber, formed by the vertical bars b; and c, c, are tubular
water spaces connected at top and bottom with the annular water
space or jacket d, d. The flame, it will be seen, passes from the
chamber a, between the bars, b, and circulates around the tubes
c, c, and over the heating surface of the annular water space d;
the gases of combustion then pass off by the vent e, to the
chimney. I propose to furnish the chamber a, with fire bars, as in
the above described arrangement, and in like manner to supply it
with fuel through a closed hopper, and with air for supporting
combustion through a central pipe in communication with a fan or
blower; but, as these features have been clearly explained with

page_text: relation to Fig. 2, I have not thought it necessary to shew them as
applied to this modified arrangement of my Invention.
Having now described my Improvements in the Construction of
Boilers and Furnaces for Generating Steam, I wish it to be understood
that under the above in part recited Letters Patent I claim the
arrangements of boiler and furnace as above described with reference
to the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Augustus Huddart,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day
of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-three
Witness,
GEORGE AUGUSTUS HUDDART. (L.S.)
JOHN OWEN,
Butler,
Brynkir.