IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFacture of Hydraulic Hose, AND IN MACHINERY FOR THAT PURPOSE
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Morgan-Brown, of the Firm of Brandon
and Morgan-Brown, Engineers and Patent Agents, of 38, South-
ampton Buildings, London, and 13, Rue Gaillon, Paris, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFacture of Hydraulic Hose,
AND IN MACHINERY FOR THAT PURPOSE."-A communication from abroad
by Everett Preston Richardson, of Laurence, Middlesex County,
Massachusetts, United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Morgan-Brown
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 26th March 1873.
I, WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN, of the Firm of Brandon and Morgan-
5 Brown, Engineers and Patent Agents, of 38, Southampton Buildings,
London, and 13, Rue Gaillon, Paris, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HYDRAULIC Hose,
AND IN MACHINERY FOR THAT PURPOSE," to be as follows:-
The Invention relates particularly to the manufacture of hydraulic
0' hose from woven material by taking a strip of duck, canvas, or other

page_text: 8
suitable cloth, and uniting its opposite edges by sewing to form a tube,
the strip being changed from flat to tubular form as it passes into the
machine for the action of the stitch-forming mechanism.
In the present Invention relating to such manufacture the needle
and presser foot are placed above the work support, the needle being
preferably a hook or crotchet needle having a suitable cast-off. The
work support consists in a long horizontal arm, the front end of which
is directly under or in vertical line with the needle, the end of the arm
containing a rotary thread guide, which by suitable lever and link
connections is rotatively reciprocated from the driving shaft so as to
lay the thread at proper times in the path of movement of the needle
to be caught by the hook thereof as the needle rises. Under and around
this arm'extends a guide, which at its rear end (in rear of the arm) is flat
or slightly concave, changing from this flat to a tubular form as it passes
under the arm and to the front end thereof, this device forming a guide
for bringing the strip from flat into tubular form with the edges lapped,
presenting the edges in lapped position upon the front end of the
arm, and under the needle, and in position to be united by the stitch-
forming, mechanism. The arm and guide extend from the line of the
needle in one direction, and on the opposite side from them are two feed
wheels, between which the sewed hose passes, the axes of the wheels
being. horizontal and the tube passing between them in a flat or
collapsed form. These wheels have a positive intermittent rotative
movement, they being preferably geared together, and one having
attached to it or upon the same shaft to which it is fixed a ratchet
wheel with the teeth of which engages a pawl, this pawl being jointed to
a rocker lever, which by a suitable link and lever connection is actuated
from the driving shaft.
The simplest form of hose made by this machine is a tube formed
'from a uniformly wide strip of woven material having its edges lapped
and united by a single row of stitches.
Another, form of the tube differs from this simply in having two or
more rows of stitches, the machine being made with two sets of stitch-

page_text: the first edge, and the three edges being then united to form the tube
upon the hose machine.
In another form of the tube the edges are lapped and united upon a
common sewing machine by making a fold at the lap and running a
line of stitches just far enough back to take the four thicknesses. Two
or more such seams may be made, and in connection with such a seam
there may be an additional seam made by the special. mechanism
described. Or the strip may have its edges bent as they pass through
the former, so that the edges will hook together. Or the edges may be
united upon a common sewing machine, and the strip turned after such
union is effected. The woven strips may be coated upon one surface
with caoutchou compound or other impervious composition, such surface
being presented inwardly to form the tube. Or the tube may be coated
after it has been sewed..
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Morgan-Brown in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 10th September 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
MORGAN-BROWN, of the Firm of Brandon & Morgan-Brown, Engineers
and Patent Agents, of 38, Southampton Buildings, London, and 13, Rue
Gaillon, Paris, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said William Morgan-Brown, Her special license
that I, the said William Morgan-Brown, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Morgan-Brown, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
THE MANUFACTURE OF HYDRAULIC HOSE, AND IN MACHINERY FOR THAT
IN

page_text: .
PURPOSE," a communication to me from abroad by Everett Preston
Richardson, of Lawrence, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United
States of America, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
William Morgan-Brown, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, b
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said In-
vention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Morgan-Brown, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say :—
The Invention relates particularly to the manufacture of hydraulic
hose from woven material by taking a strip of duck, canvas, or other
suitable cloth, and uniting its opposite edges by sewing to form a tube,
the strip being changed from flat to tubular form as it passes into the
machine for the action of the stitch-forming mechanism.
. In the present Invention relating to such manufacture the needle and a
presser foot are placed above the work support, the needle being prefer-
ably a hook. or crochet needle having a suitable cast off. The work
support consists in a long horizontal arm, the front end of which is
directly under or in vertical line with the needle, the end of the arm
containing a rotary thread guide, which by suitable lever and link
connections is rotatively reciprocated from the driving shaft, so as to lay
the thread at proper times in the path of movement of the needle, to be
caught by the hook thereof as the needle rises. Under and around this
arm extends a guide, which at its rear end (in rear of the arm) is flat or
slightly concave; changing from this flat to tubular form as it passes
under the arm and to the front end thereof, this device forming a guide
for bringing the strip from flat into tubular form, with the edges lapped,
presenting the edges in lapped position upon the front end of the arm
and under the needle, and in position to be united by the stitch-forming
mechanism. The arm and guide extend from the line of the needle in
onc direction, and on the opposite side from them are two feed wheels,
between which the sewed hose passes, the axes of the wheels being
•

page_text: horizontal, and the tube passing between them in a flat or collapsed
form. These wheels have a positive intermittent rotative movement,
they being preferably geared together, and one having attached to it, or
upon the same shaft to which it is fixed, a ratchet wheel, with the teeth
of which engages a pawl, this pawl being jointed to a rocker lever,
which by a suitable link and lever connection is actuated from the
driving shaft.
The simplest form of hose, made by this machine is a tube formed.
from a uniformly wide strip of woven material, having its edges lapped
and united by a single row of stitches.
Another form of the tube differs from this simply in having two or
more rows of stitches, the machine being made with two sets of stitch-
forming mechanism to make such tube.
In another form the tube is made with a welt, the welt being first
stitched to one edge of the strip by a common wax thread sewing-
machine, and the opposite edge being entered between the welt and the
first edge, and the three edges being then united to form the tube upon
the hose machine.
In another form of the tube the edges are lapped and united upon a
common sewing machine by making a fold at the lap and running a line
of stitches just far enough back to take the four thicknesses. Two or
more such seams may be made. And in connection with such a seam
there may be an additional seam made by the special mechanism
described. Or the strip may have its edges bent as they pass through
the former so that the edges will hook together. Or the edges may be
united upon a common sewing machine and the strip turned after such
union is effected. The woven strips may be coated upon one surface
with caoutchouc compound or other impervious composition, such surface
being presented inwardly to form the tube. Or the tube may be coated
after it has been sewed.
First, in the organization generally described for forming a flat
woven strip into a tube with the edges united by stitches. And secondly,
in a hose made of a woven strip of suitable material having its edges
united by stitches to form a tube.

page_text: The Drawing represents, in Figures 1 to 6 inclusive, the mechanism
for forming the sewed hose, and in the other Figures various formations
of sewed hose.
Figure 1 shows the machine in plan; Figure 2 is a front elevation of
it; Figure 3 is an end elevation; Figure 4 is a cross section of the arm
and guide on the line x, x; Figure 5 is a cross section of the arm, shewing
the whorl in full size; Figure 6 is a section of the end of the work
supporting arm, shewing the whorl in plan.
a denotes a bed plate, from which rise uprights b, in which is jour-
nalled the driving shaft c. The bed plate is mounted upon a suitable
pillar or post d, and upon one side of it it has an arm or extension e, to
which is attached a slidef, that carries the work supporting arm g, in
the front end of which is the reciprocating or rotating whorl or thread.
guide h. From the front upright 6 extend arms i, in which are the
bearings for the vertically reciprocating needle bar k and presser foot l.
The needle m is a hook needle, and has working in conjuction with it the
ordinary hook needle cast off j, extending from a bar n. The needle bar
is connected by a link o to an eccentric p on the shaft c, and the cast off
is operated by a finger q extending from the needle bar and a spring r.
The bars of the presser foot is operated by a cam t on the driving shaft
(through the intervention of a lever u) and a spring, the cam ₺ effecting
the rise of the presser foot, and the spring throwing it down, the presser
foot being at all times in contact with the work, except when raised by
the cam projection, at which rise the feed of the work is effected. The
needle, cast off, presser foot, and thread guide perform their functions in
the formation of a stitch in the usual manner, the Invention, so far as
they are concerned, relating only to their arrangement. When the hook
of the needle has passed through the work, and entered the arm g, it
passes through the eye or centre w of the whorl, and then the whorl is
moved rotatively to throw the thread running through the thread eye x,
around or partially around the needle shank, so that as the needle rises
the thread will enter the hook and be drawn up with the needle.
The movement of the whorl is effected as follows:-Extending through
the arm is a slide bar y, having at one end gear teeth z meshing into
teeth on the periphery of the whorl, this slide bar being jointed to the
foot of an arm a³, extending from one end of a rocker shaft 6, at whose
opposite end is an arm c², connected by a link with a vertical lever e

page_text: from whose upper arm a pin extends into the groove of a cam wheel ƒª
on the driving shaft. The link is so jointed to the lever arm c³ as to
disconnect therefrom by raising the link, such disconnection enabling
the arm g to be drawn back for inspection of the whorl or introduction
of the thread, the thread running from the spool under the arm through
a hole g³, and thence through the whorl, and out through the top of the
arm. Under and around the arm g'extends the work guide h³. This
guide is a long plate curved transversely, and changing in form from a
shallow convex upper surface at its outer end to a tubular form at its
opposite end. Into its outer end enters the end of the strip to be formed
into a hose, the opposite edges of such strip passing under guide lips **.
As the strip passes through this guide it is gradually and uniformly bent,
and at the opposite end of the guide it emerges, bent into tubular
form, with one edge lapping the other, or the end of the guide surround-
ing the arm g, and the lapped edges as they emerge resting upon the
arm, the end of the guide being close to the eye or hole in the top of the
arm through which the needle enters. Thus as the lapped edges emerge.
from the guide they are united by the stitch forming mechanism. At
the end of the guide one edge of the strip may abut against a shoulder
formed on the guide, the other edge lapping over it, and a short distance
back the guide may have plates made with internal guide lips >> for
guiding the respective opposite edges of the strip.
The work is brought to the action of the stitch forming mechanism
as follows:- At one end of the bed plate are bearings for supporting
two shafts o³, p³, the bearings of the lower shaft p* being stationary and
those of the upper shaft movable. These shafts are geared together
at their rear end, and at their front ends are feed wheels q², r². These
wheels are made as ratchet wheels, and the bottom wheel has direct
intermittent rotative movement imparted to it as follows:- Upon the
shaft p³ is hung a pawl lever s³, having jointed to its vertical arm a
pawl, which engages with the teeth of a ratchet wheel on the
shaft p. The other and horizontal arm of the lever has jointed to it a
vertical link u³ connected at its upper end to one arm of a lever v³, from
whose other arm a pin extends into the groove of a cam wheel 10% on the
driving shaft e, the intermittent outward movement of the lever arm
by the cam imparting through its connections with the pawl the
intermittent forward or feed movements of the pawl and of the feed
wheel with which the pawl engages. As the shafts are geared together

page_text: the rotative movement of the lower shaft drives the upper one, so that
both feed wheels move together. The sewed tube is drawn through or
between these feed rolls in a flat or collapsed form, and by their action
they impart the requiste feed, such feed acting in conjunction with the
needle, whorl, &c., to form the continuous succession of stitches to form!
the tube. As the -stitches form a ridge upon the top of the sewed tube
the upper roll may be grooved, as seen at Figure 3, to receive such
ridge. The respective movements of the various parts of the mechanism
are timed so that when the needle descends the work is at rost, held by
the presser foot, the feed wheels being stationary; and after the needle
has risen the presser foot rises and releases the work, and the feed
wheels then rotate and effect the forward movement of the work. The
guide A³ is attached to the machine by a pivot y³, and for forming hơso
of various sizes series of guides adapted to such sizes are used inter-
changeably.
The simplest form of the hose made from the woven strip, as described,
is shown in Figure 7, the edges being lapped and then united by a line
of stitches passing from inside to outside, or vice versa. In Figure 8
the lapping edges are bent so as to hook together, being then united by
the stitches passing from inside to outside, as shewn.
In Figure 9 is shewn the seam of a tube made by lapping the edges
and then uniting them by stitches passing through a fold made by
bending the lapped edges and stitching through from outside to outside.
In Figure 10 two such seams are shewn.
In Figure 11 there are two seams, one passing from inside to outside.
and the other from outside to outside:
In Figure 12 a welt piece is first stitched to one edge of the strip, and
the opposite edge of the strip is then inserted between the first edge and
the welt, the three being then united as shewn.
In Figure 13 is shewn a seam made with the strip wrong side out,
the scam being made, and the tube being then reversed or turned right
side out.
Having now described and particularly set forth the nature of the said
Invention, and the manner of carrying the same into effect, I would
have it understood that what I claim is, the combination and arrange-
ment of mechanism for forming hose, and the hose made of a strip of

page_text: woven material having its opposite edges united by a sewing machine,
substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I the said William Morgan-Brown, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of September, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three.
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN. (L.S.)