Improvements in and relating to Resilient Tyres for Wheels.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Resilient Tyres for Wheels.
I, FREDERICK NOEL MACKAY, of 4, Nicoll Road, Willesden, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to resilient tyres for wheels and is designed to provide
means for protecting such tyres against puncture, the said means being applicable
to any existing tyre and being superior to those heretofore employed in that
the resiliency and flexibility of the tyre is not decreased, or appreciably
decreased.
According to my invention I employ one or more extensible or elastic strips
or bands. These strips or bands may be formed of steel or other appropriate
metal the ends of which overlap but are not fixed to each other nor to any part
of the tyre. Or the said strips or bands may be formed of elastic or resilient
fabric or a combination of metal and such fabric. The circle formed by the said
strip, or by each strip, is thus free to expand or contract or to be otherwise
temporarily distorted, when the tyre is in use. Moreover as the metallic strip or
strips are not secured in any way to the tyre, and as the elastic strip or strips
can extend even when they are secured to the tyre, the said strips are free to give
or move with respect to the tyre. By these means not only is the resiliency or
flexibility of the tyre preserved but there is no liability for the metallic strip or
strips (when such are employed) to tear or otherwise injure any part of the tyre.
Moreover, as the said strip, or each strip, is capable of being flattened or bent
inwardly at any point, according to any distortion that may occur to the tread
portion of the tyre, the production of permanent kinks or dents in, and the con-
sequent liability to fracture of, said strips is avoided. By means of my inven-
tion it is possible to employ a metallic strip of arched or other curved shape in
cross section or a strip or tube of circular section might be employed.
When employing a metallic strip or strips I prefer to enclose them in a
resilient or partly resilient envelope which may be endless or have overlapping
ends similar to the strip or strips. I may employ an india-rubber tube of flat
section into which the said strip or strips may be slipped. and the ends of such
tube be then joined by appropriate means. When more than one metallic strip
is employed 1 prefer to arrange them side by side in separate partitions in the
envelope or I employ a separate envelope for each strip or for some of the
strips. The said envelope or envelopes containing the strip or strips can be
placed loosely between the air chamber or core and the outer cover of the tyre;
or the said envelope or envelopes may be attached to the outer surface of the
tyre. I sometimes form the said envelope wholly or mainly of textile fabric.
a portion thereof being resilient if desired. Or said envelone may be formed
of interwoven strands of india-rubber and textile fabric. The outer periphery
of the envelope may be provided with a tubular or other ridge in order to preserve
the arched form of the bearing surface of the tyre when a flat strip is employed.

page_text: Instead of employing a separate envelope however, I may form the same upon
or in some existing part of the tyre such as the outer surface of the air tube or
the inner or outer surface of the cover of a pneumatic tyre. In such case a
circumferential recess or channel is formed in the part and a slot or opening is
provided at one point in the periphery thereof through which the strip is threaded
into the recess. The opening may then be closed if desired by solutioning a
patch of india-rubber or canvas over the same, or by other means.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant,
Improvements in and relating to Resilient Tyres for Wheels.
I, FREDERICK NOEL MACKAY, of 4, Nicoll Road, Willesden, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
-
This invention relates to resilient tyres for wheels and is designed to provide
means for protecting such tyres against puncture, the said means being applicable
to any existing tyre and being superior to those heretofore employed in that
the resiliency and flexibility of the tyre is not practically decreased.
According to my invention I employ one or more strips or bands of elastic or
extensible material which may be formed of steel or other appropriate unpunctur-
able material with their ends overlapping each other or coupled or socketted, but
preferably not immovably fixed to each other nor to any part of the tyre so that
said strips or bands are free to move circumferentially with respect to the tyre.
The said strips or bands may in some cases be formed of elastic or resilient
fabric or a combination of metal and such fabric and may be connected to the
tyre at or near their middle with their ends overlapping; the circle thus formed
by the said strip, or by each strip, is thus free to expand or contract and to
participate in a partial circumferential movement or to be otherwise temporarily
distorted, when the tyre is in use.
When employing a metallic strip or strips prefer to enclose them in a resilient
or partly resilient envelope which may be endless or have overlapping ends
similar to the strip or strips. When more strips than one are employed I prefer
to arrange them side by side in separate partitions in the envelope; or I employ a
separate envelope for each strip or for some of the strips. The said envelope
or envelopes containing the strip or strips can be placed loosely between the air
chamber or core and the outer cover of the tyre; or the said envelope or envelopes
may be attached to the outer or inner surface of the tyre.
Instead of employing a separate envelope however I may make the same upon,
or in some existing part of the tyre such as the outer surface of the air tube or
the inner or outer surface of the cover of a pneumatic tyre and in such cases said
envelope would be in the form of a cavity pocket or recess.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into
effect, I will describe the same more fully with reference to the accompanying
drawings in which:
Figures 1 to 8 are sectional views of tyres showing my invention applied
thereto.

page_text: Figures 9 to 12 are detail sectional views illustrating some of the methods I
employ for coupling together the ends of the circular strips or bands.
Figures 5 and 7 show the arrangement of strip or strips and envelope used
in Figures 5 and 7.
Like letters of reference indicate similar parts in all the figures.
A is the protective strip or band. B the air tube. C the outer cover and D
the enclosing envelope for the strip or band.
In Figure 1 the strip or band A is placed loosely between the air tube B and
the outer cover C. A strip of canvas c is solutioned or otherwise attached by
its edges to the inner surface of the outer cover C, so as to form a pocket or
recess for retaining the strip or band A in position and prevent it shifting
laterally. The recess is formed slightly larger than the strip or band to permit
the latter to move circumferentially with respect to the tyre.
In Figure 2 the strip A is placed between the canvas or other lining and the
rubber 2 of the outer cover of the tyre. Between the said lining and said outer
cover, is inserted at the tread portion a resilient or partly resilient envelope D
which is attached to the outer cover. The strip or band A is inserted loosely in
said envelope and is free to move circumferentially therein.
The envelope D may be of rubber or may be formed wholly or partly of textile
fabric, a portion thereof being resilient if desired. Or the envelope may be
formed in any other manner provided that it has a smooth inner surface to lie in
contact with the strip or band so that the latter may be perfectly free to shift
circumferentially in the said envelope.
Figure 3 shows my improved strip or band fitted to a pneumatic tyre having
a separate tread portion C³ on the outside of the outer cover. In this tyre a
recess is formed between said tread portion and the outer cover, and the envelope
for receiving the strip or band is placed in said recess and attached as in the
previous example.
as
65
I may apply my improvements to any form of tyre whether of the kind known
"double tube
55 " single tube" or tubeless," and in Figure 4 I have shown
the improvements applied to a single tube" tyre. The envelope D for enclosing
the strip or band A is retained in a recess, cavity or pocket formed between
two layers of the material forming the tyre.
Instead of placing the strip or band A in a recess formed in, or in an envelope
attached to, some existing part of the tyre as already described, I may enclose the
said strip or band in a separate envelope placed between the outer cover and
air-tube as shown in Figures 5 and 5, or in any of the said recesses, cavities or
envelopes but not secured to any part of the tyre. The envelope may be formed
of any suitable material and is free to move circumferentially with the strip
or band. The ends D¹ of said envelopes may meet and be suitably joined
together, or they may overlap in the manner shown in Figure 9.
When a flat strip or band is employed the outer periphery of the envelope D
may be provided with a ridge in order to preserve the arched form of the bearing
surface of the tyre. Or I may employ a strip or band of arched or other curved
shape in cross section; as shown in Figures 5, 5ª, 6, 7 7 and 8. Or a strip or
band of circular or other curvilinear cross section may be employed.
When more strips or bands than one are used, I may place them in envelopes
formed of separate chambers as shown in Figures 7 and 7 the envelopes being
attached to some existing part of the tyre or free to move circumferentially with
the strips or bands as already described. Or I may form separate chambers for
the strips each chamber being formed in the lining of the tyre as shewn in
Figure 8.
In Figure 10 the ends of the strip or band A are shown overlapping, they may
however be adapted to fit into a socket piece E as shown in Figure 11. Ör one
end of the strip or band A may be provided with studs at which engage with
slots a formed in the other end of the said strip or band, as shown in Figure 12,

page_text: Although I prefer to loosely connect the ends of the said bands to each other
they may in some cases be riveted or otherwise permanently connected.
By these means not only is the resiliency or flexibility of the tyre preserved
but there is no liability for the metallic strip or strips (when such are employed)
to tear or otherwise injure any part of the tyre. Moreover, as the said strips are
capable of being flattened or bent inwardly at any point, according to any distor-
tion that may occur to the tread portion of the tyre, the production of per-
manent kinks or dents in, and the consequent liability to fracture of, said strips
are avoided. The strips or bands A may be retained upon or adjacent to the
tread portion of the tyres in any manner that permits them to move circum-
ferentially with respect thereto. The arrangement is such that the strip or band
and the enclosing envelope can be readily placed in position or withdrawn without
disturbing the other parts of the tyre. I am thus able to subject the tyre to the
heat required to vulcanize it before applying the band thereto thereby avoiding
the liability of partly or wholly destroying the temper of the band if it be of.
steel.
The strips, or envelopes containing the strips, are placed in position, on or
adjacent to the tread of the tyre by cutting a transverse slit or opening in the
outer cover or other part enclosing the strips, through which slit or opening
the strips, or the envelopes containing the strips, are inserted into the retaining
recess, cavity or pocket.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. A resilient tyre provided with one or more unpuncturable bands which are
capable of circumferential movement relatively to the tyre, for the purpose
specified.
2. The aforesaid unpuncturable extensible band or bands each having the
ends overlapping, socketed or otherwise joined and each being loosely mounted
in the tyre or only connected therewith at the middle substantially as and for
the purpose described.
3. The construction of the tyre with one or more envelopes recesses or pockets
for the reception of said band or bands substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
4. A resilient puncture-proof tyre having its parts constructed arranged and
operating substantially as described with reference to the accompanying draw-
ings.
nt this 90th day of Juna 1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C..
Agents for the Applicant.