Improvements in Machines for Shaping and Polishing Wood, Ivory, and other Materials.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd July, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 30.h Mar., 1894-Accepted, 5th May, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Shaping and Polishing Wood, Ivory,
and other Materials.
We, GEORGE ALEXANDER NEWTON of Clyde Street, Derby Road, Kirkdale
in the County of Lancaster, Engineer and JOHN FELL of 31 Martensen Street
Edge Hill, Liverpool in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to certain improvements in machines for cutting or
shaping mouldings and other regular or irregular ornamental formations in wood,
ivory or other materials capable of being cut and shaped by means of revolving
cutting tools, and the object of our said invention is to enable the production of
finished work at one operation, inasmuch as mouldings and other irregular
formations produced in wood etc. are now "finished," i.e. trimmed and smoothed, by
hand labour; and further to enable the same machine to be used for producing
articles of square, rectangular or polygonal formations as well as continuous strips
such as mouldings.
In our improved machine we employ revolving cutting tools consisting of knives
or cutters attached to a suitable block or "head" carried by a revolving spindle.
In addition to these said cutting tools we employ one, two or more revolving
polishing or finishing tools, placed adjacent to the said cutting tools. These said
polishers consist of metal drums mounted upon shafts and surrounded with a
lagging or sheath of wood, papier-maché or other suitable material turned or cut
upon the face thereof to fit the configuration of the moulding or other formation
produced by the said cutting tools; or we may make our said polishing tools or
drums of one or more pieces of wood or other suitable material clamped between
metal discs fixed upon the revolving shaft.
The faces of these said polishers or drums after being turned and shaped to the
required form are coated with glue or other adhesive medium and sprinkled with
powdered glass, sand, emery or other similar gritty material. When two or more
polishers are employed they would preferably be of varying grades or degrees of
"grit," i.e. coarse and fine, or coarse, medium and fine.
The material to be operated upon is placed upon a table, formed within the
frame of the machine, capable of being raised and lowered, and the cutting tools
and polishers which are carried in a sliding frame are caused to pass to and fro
over the said table.
In the formation of square or polygonal articles such as newel posts or other
such posts or pillars, the pieces of material to be shaped are first shouldered down
at their ends to form pegs or dowels thereon, they are then secured between
adjustable cramps, fixed upon the table of the machine provided with sockets to
receive the said pegs; these sockets, at one side of the table, are made to revolve
and are provided with worm wheels having equal numbers of teeth and all are
operated by one worm or screw for the purpose of turning all the several pieces of
material simultaneously, one quarter, one sixth or other part of a revolution after
each cut, for the production of the aforesaid polygonal forms.
Dated this First day of July 1893.
IG. A. NEWTON.
JOHN FELL.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Shaping and Polishing Wood, Ivory,
and other Materials.
We, GEORGE ALEXANDER NEWTON of Clyde Street, Derby Road, Kirkdale
in the County of Lancaster, Engineer and JOHN FELL of 31 Martensen Street
Edge Hill Liverpool in the County of Lancaster, Machinist do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to certain improvements in machines for cutting and shaping
mouldings and other regular and irregular formations in wood, ivory or other
materials capable of being cut and shaped by means of revolving cutting tools and
the object of our said invention is to effect the finishing, i.e. smoothing or polishing
of the shaped material in and by the same machine immediately after the cutting
operation, and further to enable the same machine to be used for the production of
articles of square, rectangular or polygonal section.
Our said improvements consist in (1) the employment and combination with
revolving cutting tools of the usual form, of one or more polishing or finishing tools
formed of revolving drums of wood, papier-maché or other suitable material,
turned to the configuration of the article or shape to be polished, and afterwards
coated with an adhesive substance such as glue or other suitable material and then
sprinkled with emery, powdered glass or other suitable gritty material. The said
polishing tools are placed adjacent to the cutting tools and may be carried
in the ordinary manner in fixed bearings above a movable table or in a sliding
frame arranged to travel over a fixed table. (2) The construction and combination
with the aforesaid cutting and polishing tools of improved adjustable cramps for
holding and turning simultaneously a number of "blanks" or pieces of material to
be operated upon by the said cutting and polishing tools for the production of
articles of square or polygonal section.
Figs. 1 and 2 upon the sheet of drawings appended hereunto represent longitu-
dinal and transverse sections of our said improved polishing tool and cramps as
applied to a machine of ordinary type, in which A is the cutter spindle, and B the
polishing tool consisting of a block of wood or papier-maché secured upon the
spindle by means of washers or cheeks of metal and lock-nuts as shewn, the said
block or drum being turned to the configuration of the shaped article C. D and D'
represent the two parts of the aforesaid cramp designed to hold nine blanks, but
may be arranged to hold more or less as required. The part D is fitted with
swivel-pieces E having sockets to receive pegs or dowels formed on the ends of the
said blanks. These swivel pieces are furnished with small worm wheels F having
even numbers of teeth and all engage one long screw G which on being revolved
turns all the said socket pieces simultaneously any portion of a revolution requisite
for the production of the particular shape desired.
The said cutting & polishing tools are caused to operate upon the said blanks
after each movement by being passed over same or the said blanks being carried
under same by a sliding table. Plain holes are formed in the portion D¹ at the
same distance apart as the aforesaid revolving sockets to receive pegs or dowels
formed upon the other ends of the said blanks.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
:—
1. In machines for cutting or shaping wood, ivory or other analogous materials,
the combination with revolving cutting tools, of finishing or polishing tools,
substantially as herein shewn and described.

page_text: 2. The formation and construction of a polishing tool as above, consisting of a
block or drum formed of wood, papier-maché or other suitable material, turned to
the required configuration and afterwards coated with an adhesive medium and
sprinkled with a gritty material such as powdered glass, emery or the like,
substantially as herein shewn and described.
3. The formation, construction and combination with a machine as aforesaid of
the adjustable cramps for holding and turning simultaneously a number of pieces
of material to be operated upon by cutting and the aforesaid polishing tools,
substantially as herein shewn and described.
Dated this 28th day of March 1894.
GEO. F. THOMPSON.
Agent for the Applicants.