IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE CUTTING OF FILES OR THE FORMATION OR MAKING OF THEIR TEETH
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Albert Francis Johnson, of Boston, in the County of
Suffolk, and Moses Porter Griffin, of Medford, in the County of
Middlesex, and State of Massachusetts, of the United States of America,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE
CUTTING OF FILES OR THE FORMATION OR MAKING OF THEIR TEETH."
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Albert Francis Johnson and
Moses Porter Griffin at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition and Declaration, on the 26th September 1866,
pursuant to the 9th Section of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL PERSONS TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME,
BE IT KNOWN that we, ALBERT FRANCIS JOHNSON, of Boston, in the
County of Suffolk, and MOSES PORTER GRIFFIN, of Medford, in the County
of Middlesex, and State of Massachusetts, of the United States of America,
have made anew and useful Invention, "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS POR: THE CUTTING OF FILES OR THE FORMATION OR MAKING OF THEIR
TEETH," and we do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and the
manner in which it is to be performed or in which it is constructed and made

page_text: to operate to be fully described in the following Specification, and represented
in the accompanying Drawings making part thereof:-
Of such Drawings, Figure 1 is a top view; Figure 2, a side elevation;
Figure 3, a rear end elevation; and Figure 4 a vertical and longitudinal
section of a file-cutting machine containing our said Invention.
In such Drawings, A denotes the bed frame of the machine, such bed frame
serving to support a file blank carriage B, which is arranged within such
frame so as to be capable of being moved to and fro longitudinally therein.
The driving shaft of the machine is shown at C as supported in standards D, D,
erected on the bed frame, and as having a fast pulley E applied to it. Over the
driving shaft is another or rocker shaft G, which is duly sustained in bearings
made in the standards D, D. The shaft G carries a hammer H, whose shank
projects from the shaft in opposite directions, its rearmost portion being
provided with a screw a which is screwed down through it, and may have a
set nut for fixing it in position. The lower end of the said screw rests on the
crown of one of two bow springs I, I, which on being arranged with respect
to each other as shown in Figure 3, are connected together at their ends by
means of screws c, c, which go through them, and blocks d, d, of vulcanized
india-rubber arranged between the ends of the springs, the lowermost of
the said springs is supported in and fixed to the top of a standard K erected
on the bed frame. The springs serve to throw the hammer downward after
each elevation of it, such elevation being effected by means of a cam or
wiper e (fixed on the driving shaft) and an armf extending down from the
hammer shaft and fixed thereto by means of a clamp screw g. A tool holding
arm L turns freely in a vertical plane on the driving shaft, and extends along
underneath the hammer in manner as represented in Figures 1 and 4. The
said arm L carries a rotary head M, which has a cylindrical shankh extending
from it, and longitudinally into the arm, or a corresponding socket made axially
therein for its reception. The shank is held within the arm by means of a
screw i, which is screwed transversely into the arm and enters a groove k made
transversely in and around the shank h. Within the rotary head is a revolving
cylinder or chisel o and guide stock O which goes through a cylindrical höle formed
down through the head and is held to the head by a flange.,. and a screw m,
and nut n, the same being arranged as shown in Figure 4, and also in Figure 5,
which is a side view of the stock O. For convenience of applying the chisel a
and the chisel adjuster p, to the stock the latter. is. made in.. two separate
segments or parts q, r, each of which is formed with a proper socket or recess a
or y', for receiving the tool it is to carry. The shank s of the adjuster pis
arranged in one of such recesses, and is fastened therein, and to the part by

page_text: screws t, t. The shank u of the chisel is laid in the other recess so as to be
capable of moving up and down therein, a stud u rests on a small spring v,
placed within the part r, such spring serving to instantly raise the chisel off a
file blank after each blow of the hammer on the head of the chisel may have
taken place, the extent of elevation of the chisel being determined by proper
shoulders suitably formed on it, the same being as shown at w, w, in Figure 6,
which is an inner side view of the chisel and the part for holding it. The
adjuster p, shown in side view in Figure 7, rests directly on the upper surface
of the file blank and close to and in advance of the chisel, while the latter may
be in the act of cutting such blank, and by so. doing the adjuster will so
turn the head M as to keep the cutting edge of the chisel always in
parallelism with the surface on which the adjuster may rest, the said edge of
the chisel being supposed to be parallel with the lower edge of the adjuster.
In this way the adjuster will operate to so adjust the chisel to the surface
to be indented that such chisel on being driven into the blank will form a
groove of a uniform depth therein. Such an adjustment of the chisel is the
purpose of the adjuster as applied. to the rotary head. The main purpose of
the rotary guide stock O with its screw nut and flange is to adjust the chisel
so that it
may cut across the blank either at a right angle or any desirable
acute angle to its edge as circumstances may require. A lever Q for raising
the chisel arm L and keeping it up at any time is applied to it and to a stud
extending from one of the frame standards. This lever is a useful adjunct
for enabling an attendant to elevate and hold up the chisel arm during the
removal of a file blank from or the application of one to the carriage B.
The said lever is also useful in other respects, as it affords with a weight
hung from it a means of pressing the adjuster downward with sufficient force
on the file blank.
The next part of our machine to be described is that for imparting to the
said carriage B an intermittent longitudinal movement. Within the bed
frame A and underneath the carriage is a long screw S, which is supported
60 as to revolve but without having longitudinal motion; this screw is grasped
by two female screws jaws T, U, which are arranged in an arm V projecting
vertically downward from the carriage. The upper of these jaws is affixed to
two cheek pieces y, y, which extend down from it, as shown in Figure 4 and
also in Figures 8 and 9, of which Figure 8 is a transverse section and Figure 9
a side view of the arm and its cheek pieces with their adjuncts. The lower
jaw also slides vertically in the arm V, and has a stud a¹ extending down from
it and resting upon au eccentric 6', such eccentric being fixed to a rod c¹
that connects and turns freely in the cheek pieces, and is connected with the

page_text: lower end of the arm V by means of springs d', d. A handle projects from
the periphery of the eccentric; on taking hold of such handle and moving it
so as to revolve the eccentric in one direction we may cause both jaws to
approach one another; but on turning the eccentric in the opposite direction
the weight of the lower jaw and the contractile power of the springs will
operate to cause the jaws to depart from one another. By such means we
can either bring the carriage into or out of connection with the screw S, as
occasion may require. When in connection with the jaws, and the screw is
in revolution, the carriage will be put in movement. On the shaft of the
screw a ratchet f¹ is fixed; an arm g¹ turning on the shaft carries a pawl h¹
to engage with the ratchet. A connecting rod leads from a crank pin k¹,
fixed in the arm to an adjustable crank 1, applied to a wheel m' fixed on a'
shaft n', arranged as represented in Figure 4. The adjustable crank is so
applied to its wheel m¹ as to be capable of being moved diametrically across
it, so as to carry the pin of such crank nearer to or further from the axis of
the wheel as circumstances may require, a set screw q¹ going through a slot o;
in the crank, and being screwed into the wheel, serving to fix the crank in
position with respect to the axis of the wheel. A bevelled gear p¹ fixed on
the shaft engages with another such gear r¹ fixed on the driving shaft.
From the above it will be seen how when a continuous rotary motion is
imparted to the driving shaft a similar motion will be given to the shaft n';
this by means of the adjustable crank and the connecting rod will
produce a reciprocating rotary motion of the arm g', such as will cause the
pawl ¹ to impart to the ratchet and its screw S an intermittent rotary motion
whereby the blank carriage will be fed along at intervals as occasion may
require, it being at rest while each blow of the chisel on the file blank is in
the act of taking place. The length of each movement of the carriage will
depend upon the distance of the pin of the adjustable crank l¹ from its center
of motion, and thus by means of the adjustable crank pin and its adjuncts
we have the means of causing the indentations of the blank to be made at
such distances asunder as occasion may require.
: We are well aware that in some respects the above described machine is
analagous to others in use for indenting file blanks, that it has what they
have, viz., a hammer and a chisel and a moveable carriage with mechanism for
sustaining the chisel and operating the hammer and carriage; therefore such
features in combination are not to be considered as our Invention.
: What we claim as our Invention is as follows:-
We claim the combination of the chisel adjuster p and the rotary head M;
with the arm L, and with the chisel so applied to such arm as to be capable

page_text: of being moved lengthwise independently of the said adjuster, the whole being
substantially as described.
We also claim the combination as well as the arrangement of the rotary
stock O, and its devices for fastening it to the head M, with such head and
its supporting arm L, the stock O being for supporting the chisel and adjusting
it to its proper angular position with respect to the edge of a file blank.
We also claim the said rotary stock O as made in the segmental parts and
with a recess in each of them as and for the purpose described.
We also claim the combination as well as the arrangement of the lifting
lever Q, with the chisel carrying arm L, as set forth.
We also claim the combination as well as the arrangement of the cheek,
pieces y, y, the eccentric b', and springs d, d, with the adjustable screw jaws T, U,
and their supporting arm V, the whole being made, arranged, and connected
substantially as specified.
In witness whereof, we, the said Albert Francis Johnson and Moses
Porter Griffin have hereunto set our hands and seals, this First
day of September, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
ALBERT FRANCIS JOHNSON.
MOSES PORTER GRIFFIN.
(L.S.)
(L.S.)