Improvements in and relating to Electric Motor Carriages or Vehicles.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Electric Motor Carriages or
Vehicles.
I, ARTHUR LEWIS, of Holland House, in the City, County and State of New York,
United States of America, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in electric motor carriages or vehicles and
comprises the following important features, viz.
The mounting of the batteries on the carriage frame independently of the body of
the vehicle, so as to secure ease in riding and stability of the vehicle, such
arrangement also enabling different carriage bodies to be used with the same running
gear.
Also the independent operation of each driving wheel by means of a separate
armature, so as to enable the driving wheels to revolve at different speeds when
turning the vehicle.
It further comprises means for controlling the speed of the motor in either
direction. Also the connection of the electric motor to the driving wheels without
the use of differential gearing. Also means for heating the steering lever handle, and
other features hereinafter described.
In applying my invention to a four wheeled vehicle, I employ a suitable frame
which serves to support the different parts of the vehicle. The joints of this frame
are loose so that its members may be capable of moving with respect to one another
when the vehicle is passing over an uneven surface.
The body of the vehicle, which may be of any required shape or form is carried by
the said frame by means of springs and hangers.
The motor is secured to the rear or driving wheels' axle by means of clamps and is
provided with a projection or lug whereby it is suspended from the under side of the
carriage body through the medium of a hanger and springs, such method of
suspension relieving strains due to sudden starting or stopping of the vehicle.
The motor is provided with the usual field magnets but instead of a single armature
as ordinarily used, a separate armature with its brushes is employed for each driving
wheel. Each armature is provided with a separate shaft and each shaft carries a
pinion gearing with a toothed wheel mounted on a sleeve adapted to rotate on the
driving wheels' axle. These sleeves also carry the driving wheels and brake drums
which latter are provided with band brakes connected by a system of levers and con-
necting rods to a brake lever in the carriage. This construction permits each driving
wheel to revolve at a different rate when turning the vehicle. The pinions, gear
wheels, and brake drums are preferably protected by suitable guards.
The front axle has a short length at each of its ends pivoted thereto. These pivoted
lengths carry the steering wheels and are each provided with an horizontal arm.
These arms are connected by a rod. From one of the pivoted ends a lever projects
which is connected by means of a rod and suitable levers to the steering handle in the
carriage. The steering wheels are by this means turned about the pivots in
unison.

page_text: The batteries for supplying the current to drive the vehicle are placed in a tray or
frame suspended by means of springs and hangers from the frame, and are protected
by a suitable box or cover. These springs reduce vibration and so prolong the life
of the batteries. The said box or cover is provided with a tube which extends through
the floor of the carriage body and encases the battery and motor wires.
The variation of the speed of the motor is effected by grouping the batteries into
different combinations so as to change the voltage; for instance if four batteries
are employed, for a first speed using a voltage of say 20 volts. these batteries would
be arranged in multiple; for a second speed using a voltage of say 40 volts the
batteries would be arranged in a combination of multiple and series, say in two sets,
each in multiple and these two sets connected in series; for a third speed using a
voltage of say 80 volts. the batteries would be arranged all in series. This grouping of
the batteries is effected by connecting the battery terminals to brushes in contact
with an insulated drum on which are arranged sets of metallic segments, the segments
of each set being suitably electrically connected and adapted to make one or other of
the desired combinations when the insulated drum is turned so as to bring them into
contact with the said drum brushes. This insulated drum is also provided with two
sets of metallic segments placed one on either side thereof, and adapted to co-operate
with suitable brushes arranged in the circuit, whereby the fields of the motor may be
reversed and the vehicle run in either direction accordingly, as one or other of said
sets is brought into contact with the said brushes by imparting angular movement to
the insulated drum.
The aforesaid sets of metallic segments for effecting the grouping of the batteries,
are attached in duplicate to the insulated drum so as to correspond respectively with
the sets of segments for reversing the motor fields; so that the necessary connections
for the battery combinations for driving the motor at different speeds may be made
in whichever direction the vehicle is driven.
The insulated drum is also provided with a set of metallic segments arranged
preferably in a central position thereon and adapted and electrically connected so as
to co-operate with the said drum brushes to connect all the batteries in series and
disconnect the armatures and magnets of the motor when it is required to charge the
said batteries.
An automatic circuit opener (to open the circuit in case of an overload on the
motor), an am-meter, a volt meter, a safety key, and a circuit opener, are arranged in
the circuit. The volt meter and am-meter are preferably arranged in the same case
and may be attached to the dash board or other convenient part of the vehicle.
When the insulated drum is turned so as to disconnect the motor and connect the
batteries in series for charging, suitable dynamo wires are connected to the circuit
preferably by means of a plug adapted to make contact with suitable terminals in the
circuit. If it is required to test the voltage during the charging of the battery the
volt meter may be thrown into circuit by means of a suitable key.
In order to impart angular movement to the insulated drum for the purpose of
giving it the various positions required for driving the motor in either direction at
the required speed or for charging the batteries, I fix to the spindle of the drum
concentrically therewith two ratchet discs the teeth of one of which face in the
opposite direction to those of the other. Co-operating respectively with these ratchet
discs are two pawls pivoted respectively to the arms at one extremity of two pivoted
levers. The arms at the opposite extremity of these levers each carries an armature.
Two electromagnets are arranged to respectively co-operate with these two lever
armatures and are adapted to be energised by a suitable auxiliary battery as hereafter
explained. Connected also with said auxiliary battery is a third electro-magnet
adapted to operate the circuit opener in the motor circuit when it is required
to suddenly stop the vehicle. This circuit opener is connected by a suitable wire to
a brush bearing on the metallic spindle of the insulated drum. Mounted on this
spindle also are two metallic dises each of which carries projecting contact pieces
adapted to engage respectively with two brushes connected respectively to the electro-
magnets which control the lever armatures. The ends of the wires connecting the

page_text: auxiliary battery with these three electro-magnets are encased in a flexible cord the
end of which is fitted with a handle provided with three sets of contacts and contact
keys. The circuits connecting these electromagnets with the auxiliary battery are so
arranged that, (if the insulated drum is in its central position disconnecting the motor)
when one of the said keys is depressed, it completes one of the circuits, energizes one
of the electro magnets which then attracts one of the lever armatures and so operates
one of the levers and pawls and turns the insulated drum in one direction through a
distance equal to that between two teeth of one of the ratchet discs, this distance
bringing those segments on the insulated drum which group the batteries for the.
first speed into contact with the drum brushes, and also connecting the motor for
running in one direction. By again operating the same contact key the same electro
magnet is energized a second time and the same pawl is caused to turn the insulated
drum into position for the second speed, and by operating the same key a third time
the third speed is similarly obtained. To gradually stop the motor the second of the
three contact keys is operated; when the electro-magnet operating the other lever
armature, pawl, and ratchet disc, is energized and turns the insulated drum back in
the reverse direction, so that after operating this contact key three times the insulated
drum is again brought to its inoperative or zero position. Upon again operating this
second contact key the insulated drum is turned so that the segments effecting the
combination for the first speed in the reverse direction and for reversing the motor
fields are brought into contact with the drum brushes; upon operating the second
key a fifth time the second speed in the reverse direction is obtained and upon operating
the second key again the third speed in the reverse direction is attained. If it is required
to stop the motor suddenly the third contact key is operated whereby the third
electro magnet is energized and the motor circuit opener is operated so as to open the
motor circuit. When the circuit opener is thus operated it also completes the circuit
between the auxiliary battery the brush bearing in the drum spindle, one or other of
the contact dises on the druin spindle, the brush for such contact disc, and one of the
electro-magnets for operating the pawls, according to the direction in which the
motor is running; energizing such magnet and causing the pawl to return
the insulated drum one step towards its zero position. If the motor is running at its
third or full speed therefore the operation of this third contact key once will open the
motor circuit and the operation of the said contact key twice more will bring
the insulated drum to its zero position.
To secure the insulated drum in its different positions a star wheel is fixed to the
spindle of said drum. Engaging with said star wheel is a spring having a notch or
projection which co-operates with the recesses in the star wheel, which recesses:
correspond with the sets of metallic seginents on the insulated drum for effecting the
different speeds of the motor.
The aforesaid safety key acts as a safeguard against accident or derangement of the
circuits and is so situated that it may be instantly withdrawn by the operator and
the motor circuit thus opened. Should the operator wish to leave the vehicle he can
withdraw this key and take it away.
For the purpose of warming the steering lever handle I wind a coil of resistant wire
round said handle and connect this by suitable means to a switch and one of the
batteries. When the switch is turned on, a small amount of current flows through
the coil on the handle and warms the same.
A foot warmer of usual form and connected by a switch and suitable means to one
of the batteries, may be provided.
An electrical aların bell of ordinary construction, provided with a suitable battery
and operated by a push button carried by the steering lever handle, is also provided,
and the vehicle is fitted with suitable electric head and side lights.
Dated this 25th day of April 1800
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in and relating to Electric Motor Carriages or
Vehicles.
I, ARTHUR LEWIS, of Holland House, in the City, County and State of New York,
United States of America, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in electric motor carriages or vehicles and
comprises the following important features viz. :-
The mounting of the batteries independently of the body of the vehicle on a
tray supported by springs on hangers depending from the wheel frame, thereby
securing ease in riding and stability of the vehicle; such arrangement also enabling
different carriage bodies to be used with the same running gear.
The independent operation of each. driving wheel by a separate armature, so as to
enable the driving wheels to revolve independently of each other when travelling in
a curvilinear direction.
The controlling of the speed of the vehicle in either direction by varying the
grouping of the batteries and controlling the motor field by means of a rotary contact
drum, which contact drum is moved angularly about its longitudinal axis by means
of suitable gear operated by electromagnets the circuits of which are controlled by
push buttons.
The warming of the steering lever handle by means of a coil of wire or its
equivalent wound on said handle and having its ends connected, through the
intervention of a suitable switch, with the terminals of an electric battery.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into
effect I will proceed to describe the same more fully with reference to the accom-
panying drawings in which
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a carriage constructed according to my inven-
tion.
Figure 2 is a section on line 2-2 Figure 1 with the carriage body removed.
Figure 3 is a top view or plan of the carriage with the body removed, showing the
running gear.
Figure 4 is an enlarged side elevation showing the motor and the method of
suspending the same.
Figure 5 is a section on the line 5-5, Figure 4, showing the armatures and the
gear connecting them to the driving wheels.
Figure 6 is a section of the steering lever on line 6-6, Figure 1, and showing the
circuits of the alarm bell and handle warmer.
Figure 7 is a plan of the foot warmer.
Figures 8, 9, 10 and 11 are diagrams of the motor and battery circuits.
Figure 12 is a diagram of the circuits of the double armatures of the motor.
Figure 13 is a diagram of the contact drum.
Figure 14 is a perspective view of the handle carrying the push buttons for
operating the nagnets that control the contact drum.
Figure 15 is a diagram of the circuits of the electro-magnets that control the
drum.
Figure 16 is a perspective view of the contact drum.
Figure 17 is a sectional view of a modified form of the motor.
A is the carriage body and A¹ A¹ are springs and hangers for supporting the said
body upon the frame, which consists of tubing B, B¹. The joints B2 B2 of this frame
are loose so as to permit the members thereof to move with respect to one another

page_text: when the vehicle is passing over an uneven surface. B³ B³ are the front or steering
wheels and B B are the rear or driving wheels. B5 is the electric motor attached
by clamps a a to the rear axle a¹. a² is a lug or projection secured to or forming part
of the field magnets of the motor. as is a hanger rod hinged to the bottom of the
carriage body A and passing loosely through the lug a². a³ at are springs surrounding
the rod a³, one on either side of the lug a², and adapted to bear respectively on the
upper and lower faces of said lug. This method of suspending the motor relieves
the latter from strains due to the sudden starting or stopping of the vehicle.
aa are the motor field inagnets of ordinary construction. Cand D are two armatures
which are employed in place of the single armature generally used in such motors.
a as are the brushes and brush holders of these armatures and aº a 10 are their
respective shafts.
aand al are pinions which are carried by the outer extremities
of the armature shafts a, a, and which gear with the toothed wheels a a¹s.
These toothed wheels are mounted on sleeves 16 17 which revolve on the axle a¹
and are journalled in bearings 18 a1 forming part of the frame (Figure 3). These
sleeves 16 17 also carry the wheels B* B*. When the arinatures rotate, therefore, the
rear wheels B* B* are driven and in turning the vehicle the use of the two armatures
as described allows the wheels B₁ to revolve at different speeds. a20 and a21 are brake
drums or hubs carried by the tooth wheels a 15. a22, 23 are brake bands of flexible
steel lined with leather, which encircle the druins a 20, 21. The ends of the brake
bands a²², a23 are pivotally secured as at a24 to rocking arms a secured to a rocking
shaft 26 supported in bearings carried by a bracket a fastened to the under side of
the carriage body A. To the rocking shaft 20 is secured an arm a28 pivotally con-
pected at its extremity a20 to a rod a30, the end a31 of which is pivoted to a pedal
lever a³ the free end of which is conveniently situated in the carriage. To apply the
brake, the pedal lever a" is moved in the direction of the arrow 20 (Figure 1), such
movement being communicated through the rod a³ to the shaft a26 which turns part
of a revolution and causes the bands a2z a23 to grip the drums 2021. a33, 33 are
guards for the gear wheels and brake drums.
The axle of the front wheels B³ B³ has end pieces pivoted thereto at 6 and 61
respectively. 62 63 are arms secured to the said pivoted end pieces and connected to
one another by a rod 4, so that the wheels B³ B³ move in unison when shifted
to steer the carriage. 60 is an arm one end of which is attached to one of the
pivoted end pieces of the front axle, and the other end of which is pivoted to a
rod 65. The opposite end of the rod 65 is connected to one arm of a bell crank
lever 66 pivoted at to the carriage. The other arın of the bell crank lever bo
is connected by a rod 6' to an arm 6º of the steering lever 6,10. The said steering
lever is pivoted to the carriage at 12. By operating the steering lever 610, the
steering wheels are, through the aforesaid arms rods and levers caused to turn together
in the required direction.
E, E, E, E, are the batteries for supplying the current to drive the carriage.
These batteries are carried by a tray or frame-work of angle iron c supported by
springs cc from hook shaped hangers 3 depending from the members B₁ B₁ of
the frame.
The springs c¹ and c² are placed close to the framework or tray to allow the
springs and batteries to be covered by a suitable box to protect them from mud
and moisture.
66
The springs c c² reduce vibration and thus lengthen the life" of the batteries.
c is a tube which projects from the top of the box ct up through the bottom of the
carriage A. Through the tube c³ the motor and battery wires pass.
The variation of the speed of the motor is effected by grouping the batteries E into
different combinations so as to change the voltage; for instance for a first speed,
using a voltage of say 20 volts., the batteries would be arranged in multiple as shown
in Figure 8; for a second speed, using a voltage of say 40 volts., the batteries would
be arranged say in two sets each in multiple, and these two sets connected in series,
as shown in Figure 9; for a third speed, using a voltage of say 80 volts., the batteries
would be arranged all in series as shown in Figure 10.

page_text: These various combinations of the batteries E are produced by connecting the
battery terminal wires F to brushes G in contact with an insulated drum H on which
are rows of metallic segments or contacts H¹ electrically connected and arranged for
making one or other of the desired combinations as hereinafter more fully
explained.
This drum H is also provided with segments or contacts H2 H2 and e¹5, e17, e, et,
adapted to make contact with suitable brushes arranged in the motor circuit, to
reverse the fields of the motor in order to run the carriage in either direction as
required. The drum H is also provided with a row of segments or contacts H³ for
disconnecting the motor and connecting the batteries in series for charging, as shown
in Figure 11.
Referring to Figures 8, 12 and 13 which show the battery connections arranged for
driving the notor forward at the first speed, starting from the positive terminals of
the batteries E, it will be seen that the current will be brought by the four wires
e, el, e², e³, and the brushes et, e, e, e7, to the segment e8 on the drum H, then by
brush e and wire e10 through the automatic circuit opener e12, (which automatically
opens the circuit in case of an overload on the motor), thence through an am-meter H',
wire es, through the brush 14, segment e15, wire e16, seginent e17, brush e18, wire c19,
both sets of brushes a7 and 8 and armatures C and D, thence by the wire e20,
brush e, segment e, wire 3, segment 24, brush e, wire e, field magnets aº,
wire e, safety key 28, wire, circuit opener I, wire 30, brush 31, segment,
brushes e33, 34, 35, 36 and thence through the wires 37, 38, 39, e10 to the negative
poles of the four batteries e.
From a point et on the wire e¹0, a wire 12 leads to a volt-meter e¹³. A wire c
connects the said volt-meter to a point e15 on the wire e30, thus enabling the voltage
of the circuit to be read on the volt-meter e. The volt-meter e3 and am-meter H+
are enclosed in the same case and attached to the dash board a (Figure 1) of the
carriage.
To group the batteries for the second or third speed in the same direction, the drum H
is turned so as to bring either the second or the third row of segments or
contacts H¹ on the same side of the said drum, into contact with the brushes G; the
brushes e¹, e18, and 21, still remaining respectively in contact with the seginents
or contacts e¹5 17 and e22 e24, so that the magnetic fields of the motor are not reversed.
For these second and third speeds the electric current travels by the same path as
that above described with reference to Figure 8, the grouping of the batteries only
being different as shown in Figures 9 and 10.
When it is required to reverse the motor, the drum H is turned so that the
segments or contacts H2 H2 are brought into contact with the brushes et e21 and
e18e25 respectively, thus reversing the direction of the current through the motor
and consequently reversing the fields of the motor and the direction in which the
armatures C and D rotate. On this opposite side of the drum H are also three rows
of segments or contacts for grouping the batteries E so as to obtain the first, second,
or third speed as above described with reference to Figures 8, 9 and 10, so that
the motor may be run at the first, second, or third speed in this reverse direction.
To charge the batteries the drum H is turned so as to bring the set of segments or
contacts H³ (Figure 13) into contact with the brushes G, thus connecting all the
batteries E in series as shown in Figure 11, and connecting the brushes e¹, e21, els, e25
to the insulated part of the drum H so that the motor is disconnected. The plug fis
then inserted between the terminals or brushes f¹ƒ2. This plug f is connected to
a suitable dynamo by wires f³. To charge the batteries, I will suppose that the
current starts from the brush f¹, thence by wires f4, e13, am-meter H+, automatic
circuit opener e¹², wire e10, brush e, segment f³, brush e7, wire e³, battery E, wire e³7,
brushes, segment f6, wire f7, segment f8, brush e, wire e², battery E, wire 38,
brush e, segment f, wire f10, segment 12, brushes, wire e¹, battery E,
wire e, brushes, segment f 13, wire f1, segment f1s, brush e', wire e, battery E,
wire e, brushes, segment 16, wire f17, segment ƒ 18, brush ƒ19, wire f 20, to brush f³,

page_text: and thence through the plug to the dynamo, thus charging the whole set of batteries
in series. To test the voltage during the charging, a key f21 which may be placed
under the carriage seat is employed. By closing this key f", a circuit is established
from a point e, through the wire et2, volt-neter e43, wires e, e, key f2, contact e51,
wire 52, to the point e53.
To move the drum H about its longitudinal axis, in order to effect the various
battery combinations as above described, I employ the following means:-Referring
to Figures 14, 15 and 16, 928 is the axle of the drum H. This axle is prolonged on
either side of the said drum and has fixed concentrically on the prolonged part at one
end thereof a star wheel s adapted to engage with a notched spring s¹, and on the
prolonged part at the other end thereof ratchet discs 914 914 and contact discs g27 and
g. The teeth of the ratchet disc 914 are set in the opposite direction to those of the
ratchet disc g14, and the discs g7, 27 are provided with projecting contact pieces
arranged to face in opposite directions for a purpose bereinafter described. 9, 18
and g are electromagnets. I is the circuit opener in the motor circuit, hereinabove
referred to. 20 and 26 are spring brushes respectively connected to the electro-
magnets g, gs, and adapted to engage with the projections on the discs g27 and 927.
g29 is a brush bearing on the axle 28 and connected to the circuit opener I. F¹ is the
battery for energizing the electro-magnets go, g18, and 922 as hereinafter described.
g12 is a lever pivoted at 10. This lever carries at one end thereof an armature go
adapted to co-operate with the electro-magnet g, and at the other end thereof
a pawl 3, which engages with the ratchet disc g14. g12 is a lever pivoted at 10. It
carries at one end thereof an armature 900 adapted to co-operate with the electro-
magnet gls, and at the other end thereof a pawl g13, which engages with the ratchet
disc g. The ends of the wires forming the circuits shown in Figure 15 are encased
in a tube g34, which carries an insulated handle g33 fitted with push buttons g, 15,
and g¹. The operation of this mechanism for moving the drum H is as follows:-
When the drum is at the position H³, disconnecting the motor, and the safety
key 28 is inserted in the circuit, the depression of the key g will close the contacts g¹
92 (Figure 15) and in so doing a circuit will be established as follows:--From the positive
pole of the battery F1, through the wires 93, 94, 95, magnet ge, wire 97, contacts g³, y²,
wires 98, 99 to the negative pole of the battery F. The magnet g is thus energised
and attracts its armature 900, thereby actuating the lever 912, pawl 913 and ratchet
disc g¹ so as to move the drum H angularly upon its longitudinal axis through a
distance equal to that between two teeth of the ratchet disc g. This distance is
sufficient to bring the row of segments or contacts on the drum H which group the
batteries for the first speed, into contact with the brushes G, and also to connect the
motor for running in the one direction. By depressing the key 9 a second time
the magnet g will he again energized and the pawl g¹³ similarly caused to move the
drum H into position for the second speed in the same direction, and by depressing
the key g a third time the third speed in the same direction is similarly obtained.
When it is required to stop the motor gradually the key g15 is depressed, this
closes the contacts 916 917, establishing a circuit from the positive pole of the
battery F¹ through the wires g³, g³, g³, magnet g18, wire 924, contacts g10 g17, and
wire g to the negative pole of the battery F¹. The magnet g18 is thus energized and
attracts its armature 900, thereby actuating the lever g3 and ratchet disc g14,
so as to move the drum H about its longitudinal axis in the opposite direction or
back towards its position H3; the motor is thus reduced to its second speed. Upon
depressing the key 915 a second time the motor will be similarly reduced to its first
speed, and upon depressing the key 915 a third time the segments or contacts H³
on the drum H will be brought into contact with the brushes Ġ and the motor
disconnected.
Upon depressing the key g15 again the drum is turned so as to reverse the motor
fields and bring the brushes G into contact with the segments or contacts H¹ for the
first speed in the opposite direction, and by depressing the key g15 again the
second speed in this direction may be obtained, and by depressing the said key

page_text: again the third speed in this direction may be obtained. To now bring the drum
back to the position when its segments H³ engage with the brushes G, the key g
would obviously be employed.
Should it be required to suddenly stop the motor the key g¹ is depressed. This
closes the contacts 920 921 and establishes a circuit from the positive pole of the
battery F1 through the wires g³ g₁, magnet 922, wire 923, contacts 920 921 and
wires gs go to the negative pole of the battery; thus energizing the electromagnet g22
and attracting an armature on the circuit opener I so as to open the motor
circuit and thus stop the motor. When the circuit opener I is thus opened it com-
pletes a circuit as follows:-from the positive pole of the battery F¹ through the
wires g³, g, 95, and thence,-either through the magnet g¹s wires 92, 925, brush g2,
one of the projections on the contact disc 927, axle 928, brush 9, wire 930,
contacts g31 932 and wire go to the negative pole of the battery; or through the
magnet 98, wire g7, brush g20, one of the projections on the contact disc g7, axle 928,
brush g2, wire g30, contacts 31 932 and wire 9º to the negative pole of the battery ;-
one or other of the magnets go or g¹8 being thus energized according to the direction
in which the motor is running, and the drum H thereby turned (as previously
described) towards the H3 position. The position in which the contact discs g27 g27
are fixed to the axle g28, is such as to ensure that the projections on one of them only
makes contact with its respective brush in accordance with the direction in which the
motor is running. It will be thus seen that by depressing the key g₁ the
requisite number of times, the motor circuit will be opened and the drum H brought
into position for disconnecting the motor, in whichever direction the latter is
running.
The recesses on the star wheels correspond to the different rows of segments
or contacts to the drum H, and the notched spring 8¹ engages with one or other
of these recesses with sufficient pressure to prevent the roller H accidentally
moving.
g36 is an eye by which the insulated handle may be attached to a suitable hook in
the carriage.
By using this form of controller, and by having the steering lever placed at one
side of the carriage, the seat of the carriage is left free from all projections and
obstructions.
The key e28 acts as an extra safeguard against accident or derangement of the
circuits and is conveniently placed in the carriage so that the operator may
instantly withdraw it and thus open the motor circuit if necessary, or he may
withdraw the said key and take it away should he wish to leave the carriage.
Referring to Figure 6, d is an electric alarm bell having a battery d² in circuit and
connected by wires to brushes d³ d³. These brushes rest on segments d4 d4 con-
nected by wires d³ ds with a push button de placed in the handle of the steering
lever 10 so that the operator has a suitable alarm for instant use.
On the steering lever 610 is wound a coil of resistance wire k, connected by wires k¹ k¹
to segments k² k² on which rest brushes k³ ³. k is a wire which connects one of the
brushes to one terminal of a battery E. is a wire which connects the other
brush with the opposite pole of the battery E. is a switch. When this switch
is turned on, a small amount of current flows through the coil and warms the
steering lever handle.
The feet of the occupants of the carriage may be kept warm by a heater kⓇ made
in the usual form and placed in the bottom of the carriage as at 7, shown in dotted
lines in Figure 1.
To throw sufficient light on the road at night an electric headlight and electric
side lights are provided.
Referring to Figure 17, a is a field shell or casing. Il and m m are magnetic
pole pieces between which the armatures C and D rotate, a separate set of pole pieces
being provided for each armature. a and as are the brushes and brush holders,
nd a and a are the armature shafts having their adjacent ends mounted in a
entral bearing, as previously described. The motors are preferably wound in series,

page_text: and the two parts connected in multiple, thus allowing the use of one half in case
the other should burn out.
This construction comprising a single field shell enclosing and holding two
separate sets of fields in line with each armature, allows the magnetic flux to change
its relative position in relation to the load on each of the driving wheels, when the
vehicle is travelling in a curvilinear direction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim in an electric motor vehicle is :-
1. The suspension of the batteries from the wheel frame independently of the
vehicle body by springs and hangers, substantially as and for the purposes specified.
2. The improved construction of the motor substantially as described with
reference to Figure 17 wherein the armatures are mounted on separate shafts for
driving one wheel independently of the other, for the purpose specified.
3. The means for regulating the speed and direction of movement of the vehicle
by the operation of a drum whose position is electrically controlled by a series of
push buttons mounted in a handle, substantially as described.
4. The steering lever handle provided with means for warming the same, substan-
tially as specified.
5. An electric inotor vehicle constructed arranged and operating substantially as
described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 24th day of February 1900.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.