IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND CONSTRUCTION OF METAL BOOT HEELS AND TIPS, AND HORSE-SHOES
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Southwood Stocker and Alexander
Richmond Stocker, both of Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford,
Manufacturers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
Sealed the 12th September 1862, and dated the 17th March 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Southwood
Stocker and Alexander Richmond Stocker at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition on the 17th March 1862.
We, ALEXANDER SOUTHWOOD STOCKER and ALEXANDER RICHMOND STOCKER,
both of Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, Manufacturers, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
AND CONSTRUCTION OF METAL BOOT HEELS AND TIPS, AND HORSE-SHOES," to be as
follows:-
Our Invention relates to the manufacture of metal boot heels & tips, by
rolling or otherwise forming the rods of iron out of which they are to be made
in such manner as to cause them to be indented or of uneven surface or surfaces
on those sides which have hitherto been rolled and used in a plain state & in
bending, punching, & countersinking such or other heels & tips, & the tools
to be employed therein, & in constructing boot heels, so that they may be
readily affixed to & detached from the boot; also in rolling or otherwise'
pressing boot. heels & tips out of iron commercially known as slit rods into
certain dies; which together with the pressure to be applied thereon, & to the
article to be made is intended to yield an overplus of metal beyond the proper

page_text: form of the article intended to be produced, which surplus web or waste metal
is removed by the aid of clipping tools, which are well known; also in the
manufacture of horse-shoes by the employment of certain dies cast, sunk, or
otherwise constructed in such manner & of desired configuration, into which
iron or other metal having been beforehand properly prepared is intended to be
forced or pressed, which by the aid of such dies & the pressure applied thereto,
& the article to be made will cause the once crude metal to take the formation
intended. Any surplus web or waste attached to the shoe beyond its proper
form may be.removed by the same means as above described, relating to boot
"heels & tips.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alexander Southwood Stocker and Alexander Richmond
Stocker in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 17th September 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ALEXANDER
SOUTHWOOD STOCKER and ALEXANDER RICHMOND STOCKER, both of Wolverhamp-
ton, in the County of Stafford, Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS IIer most.. Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Alexander Southwood Stocker and Alexander Richmond Stocker,
Her special licence that we, the said Alexander Southowod, Stocker and
Alexander Richmond Stocker, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or.
such others as we, the said Alexander Southwood Stocker and Alexander
Richmond Stocker, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter.
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN.
THE MANUFACTURE AND CONSTRUCTION OF METAL BOOT HEELS AND TIPS, AND HORSE-
SHOES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Alexander.
Southwood Stocker and Alexander Richmond Stocker, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or one of our, or their,.
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner, the same was. to.
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent.

page_text: Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of:
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Alexander Southwood Stocker 'and
Alexander Richmond Stocker, do hereby déclare the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement and
accompanying Drawings, that is to say:-..
.
Our said Invention relates to the manufacture of metal boot heels and tips
by rolling or otherwise forming the rods of iron out of which they are to be
made in such manner as to cause them to be indented or of uneven surface or
surfaces on those sides which have hitherto been rolled and used in a plain
state, and in bending and countersinking such or other heels and tips, and. the
tools to be employed therein; also in the manufacture of horse-shoes by tho
employment of certain dles cast, sunk, or other otherwise constructed,.in such
manner and of desired configuration, into which iron or other metal having
been beforehand properly prepared is intended to be forced or pressed, which
by the aid of such dies and the pressure applied thereto, and the article to be
made will cause the one crude metal to take the formation intended, any surplus
web or waste attached to the shoe beyond its proper form being removed by tho
aid of clipping tools, as is well understood in the trade... :
We shall now proceed to particularly describe our Invention, and for-that
purpose shall refer to the several Figures on the explanatory Sheet of Drawings
hereunto annexed.
Figures 1 and 2 represent in plan and section, a straight bar indented or
grooved on one side, such side being that which is attached to the boot or shoo
when manufactured into a heel or tip; this groove, recess, or channel may be
of any shape and made by means of rolls or otherwise, and it is intended for
the purpose of rendering the article to be more easily perforated and counter-
sunk, as also to render it lighter, and at the same time: preserving an equal
amount of wear...
Figures 3 and 4. represent in side. elevation and plan, our improved five-holo
bed for facilitating, the countersinking or indenting heel tip. This bed consistз
of a cast-iron block a, having a raised portion. b. in the centre of the desired
form or outline of the inner portion of the heel tip. Round this raised portion ↳
are made a number of recesses or holes corresponding to the indents to be
made in the heel tip, as shewn in Figure 4. Gis a handle for inserting the
bed into the recess in the block A, shown full size in plan and in elevation at
Figures 5 and 6; this block A is placed in a fly-press or other suitable machine,
the holster a being removable at pleasure and adjustable in its position.in the

page_text: recess by the set screw B in the block A. A bent blank tip, heated to the
desired temperature, is laid upon the bed a, so as to fit round the part b, when
the bed with the heel tip upon it is placed in the block A (Figures 5 and 6),
á tool C (Figure 7) fitted into the moveable portion or bolt of the press is now
brought down upon the tip and by means of the five projections D, D, counter-
sinks. the several holes in the tip at one operation. As the tool rises again,
the. tip is held down or retained in its place on the bed a by the releaser E
(Figure 5 and 6) which is fixed to the block A, when the bed with the
countersunk tip upon it is removed and a fresh tip supplied in readiness to
be operated upon as before.
:
.. Figure 9 represents another mode of constructing the countersinking tool:
In this case the countersinkers D, D, are made separately and fitted into slots,
being held therein by set screws F, as shewn; this tool so made may be fitted
to the part C of Figure 7, as herein-before described. In some cases we
propose to use the tools C¹ upon a flat surface in lieu of upon a perforated or
recessed bed. If desired, this system of forming the countersinks may be
applied to straight lengths of iron which may be subsequently bent into the
desired form, by the machine herein-after described, or by any other suitable
mechanical contrivance; provision, however, should be made that the metal
should be confined while this operation is performed; and in some cases we
perforate the necessary quantity of holes in heels and tips, and afterwards
countersink them, or we perforate the holes at one operation after they havo
been countersunk, or it may be desirable in some instances to perforate and
countersink some kinds of heels and toes at one and the same operation, both
being effected either in a cold or heated state.
.
Figure 10 is a side elevation of a bending machine for bending heels, tips;
and horse-shoes; Figure 11 is a corresponding plan of the same; and
Figure 12 is an end elevation of the machine corresponding to Figure 11
A is the main framing of the machine, which we propose to place when at
work at an angle of about 30° of inclination for the purpose herein-after
described; B is the main driving shaft, working in bearings C, C, and provided
with ordinary fast and loose driving pullies, and a fly wheel, not shewn in our
Drawings. A crank in the centre of this shaft gives motion to an adjustable
connecting rod D, which is coupled to a slide E working in a dovetail groove
in the top of the bed plate. A shaper F, consisting of a raised block of the
contour of the article to be bent, is secured to the upper end of a square
shaft. or verticle sliding bar G, and projects slightly above the surface of the
horizontal slide E, but is held down or prevented from rising until required by
the weight H, suspended from the lower end of the vertical bar G. I, I, are

page_text: two horizontal bending rollers, carried by the transverse slides K, K, and
made to move towards each other at the desired period by the inclines L, L,
which are attached to the cross piéce or carrier M, secured to the under side
slide E. In bending a heel tip by this machine, a straight bar of the proper
length is placed with one end against the stop or guage N, and with its edge
against the peripheries of the two bending rollers I, I. The slidė E. is now
made to advance so as to bring the. shaper. F against the centre of the bar,
forcing it between the rollers, the effect of which is to bend the two ends of
the bar round the curved portion or edge of the shaper. At this stage the
two rollers I, I, advance slightly, being forced inwards by the action of the
inclines L, L, upon the antifriction rollers in the outer ends of the slides K, K.
This movement of the bending rollers causes the ends of the partially formed
heel to be pressed against the narrower end of the shaper, and so completes
the shaping of the heel. The release of the bent heel tip is effected by causing
the shaper to rise above the surface of the slide E, so as to leave the tip free,
which then descends by its own gravity along the inclined surface of the
slide E, and drops down an aperture at ce, whence it is discharged through the
bed plate into any convenient receptacle. The rising of the shaper F is
effected by two adjustable inclines at O, placed side by side, and in such a
position that the corresponding rollers P, carried by the lower end of the
vertical sliding bar G will travel along them as the slide E moves forward, and
will consequently cause to bar G to. rise at the proper time, and elevate the
shaper. As the slide E returns, the rollers P descend again, and permit the
shaper F to resume its original position in readiness for the next article to be
bent. The return of the bending rollers is effected by india-rubber springs Q, Q,
placed in recesses in the bed plate, and pressing against arms projecting
laterally from the slikes K, K; R, R, are adjusting screws for regulating the
stroke or traverse of the bending rollers, so as to suit different sizes of articles,
the inclines L, L, being also adjustable so as to agree with the rollers. An
adjusting contrivance at S admits of the adjustment also of the position of the
slide E, so that all these parts will work in proper concert with each other,
and permit of any sized articles being made at the will of the attendant. In
manufacturing horse-shoes by a machine of the construction above described,
we take a bar of the shape shown in Figure 13, which has been previously
prepared by rolling or otherwise formed, that is to say, made wider at the
centre corresponding to the toe of the shoe when completed, and bend it into
the form of a shoe. The calks or heels are then. turned up, as shewn in
Figure 14, when it is ready to be placed in the die shown in plan at Figure 15.
This dic is fitted with a handle, and is placed in a block similar to the block A,

page_text: Figures 5 and 6, for the purpose of pressing the shoe to the desired form; as
shown at Figure 16, with the web or waste attached; which web may be
subsequently removed by clipping, as is well understood. The die, Figure 15,
forms an exact counterpart of the shoe when formed, and the bar, which may
be prepared either by rolling, squeezing, or otherwise forming it of various
widths, thicknesses, dimensions, corresponding, or very nearly so, with the die
will cause the shoe, when pressure is exerted thereon; to come up sharper and
to a more perfect shape than as if such préparation of bar had been disregarded
and at the same time cause less web or waste to the shoe, rendering it thereby
also more economical to be produced. The shoes, however, may be made out
of bars of iron of ordinary shape, so that if the blank be very hot, and
sufficient pressure applied thereto, hind shoes, after they have been pressed,.
will take the formation of the dies, which will be of various configurations,
being cast or sunk thicker and wider at some parts and thinner and narrower
at others. The calks or heels as well as other parts of the shoes will be
rendered of various depths, widths, and dimensions, also additional lumps of
metal produced at the toes of the shoes to enable the clips to be drawn by the
shoeing smiths with greater facility, and at the same time giving greater
durability to the shoe at the toe or that part subject to so much wear and tear.
The die is provided with countersinking projections in such positions as to
guide the workman when holing the shoe, and enable him to make the
perforations in accordance with the peculiar formation of the horse's foot. It
is desirable when making hind shoes that the top or pressing die should be flat
on its pressing surface, but this form is of course liable to variation according
to the particular kind of shoe required.
In witness whereof, we, the said Alexander Southwood Stocker and
Alexander Richmond Stocker, have hereunto set our hands and seals,
this Seventeenth day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.