Improvements in or relating to the Flushing and Ventilation of Water-closet Basins, and in Ventilating Apparatus for use in connection therewith.
Year: 1890

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Flushing and Ventilation of
Water-closet Basins, and in Ventilating Apparatus for use in
connection therewith.
I, RICHARD HUNT WILDING, of the firm of S. B. Wilding & Sons, of 17, Lune
Street, Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Plumber and Decorator, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The water-closet basins to which my invention more particularly relates are of the
class known as "wash-out basins." Over the vertical part of the outlet of such basins
(which I make of larger diameter and arrange in a position further away from the
centre of the basin than is usual) I form a chamber enclosed at its upper part by
means of a recessed cover which may be fastened either by means of connecting
flanges bolted together or in any other convenient manner to a suitably formed
horizontally arranged seating standing out from the top or side of the outlet of the
basin. The upper part of the chamber opens through the top or through one side into
a tube leading to the outside of the building and terminating in an outlet ventilator
of novel construction hereinafter described. When the basin is flushed its contents
are washed through the outlet opening into the chamber the said contents being
carried against the outer or further wall of the vertical part of the outlet pipe which
I arrange so as to form a recess at the point at which the usual splashing against
the walls of the outlet mostly takes place my object being to prevent the deflection of
the air or its backward or return movement into the basin which the splashing has a
tendency to induce and the resistance to its escaping into the soil pipe or ventilating
shaft by the water seal in the trap. I also provide by constructing the outlet and
chamber as above described a considerable area or space unoccupied or not filled with
the splashing water during the flushing operation the vitiated air from the contents of
the basin being thus allowed to pass freely upwards within the chamber and into the
ventilating tube. When the flushing operation takes place the air contained within
the flushing pipe and in the "after flush" tube or chamber is forced out by the
incoming or descending water and is directed by the flushing fan across the basin
towards the outlet and thus drives before it the vitiated air into the outlet thereby
inducing an air current into and through the chamber and into the ventilating tube
the said air current being assisted by the action of the wind on the outlet ventilator
hereinabove referred to and the vitiated air being carried or drawn off to the out-
side of the building.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a side outlet basin to which are applied my improved
flushing and ventilating arrangements hereinabove described.
In the several figures of the drawings a represents the basin, b the outlet opening,
c the recessed cover forming the upper part of the chamber d, e is the air outlet to
the ventilating tube f (see Figs. 4, 5, and 17) g the flushing inlet, h the flushing fan
and i the trap.
Fig. 2 shews a similar arrangement of parts adapted to a back outlet "pedestal"
basin.
Fig. 3 is an elevation of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is an elevation of Fig. 2 in which is shewn one arrangement for ventilating
a water-closet basin by means of my improved outlet ventilatorj and ventilating
tube f.
Fig. 5 shews another arrangement of the ventilating tube and ventilator j.
The outlet from the basin a into the chamber d is made in the lower part of the
basin and is so much contracted as regards its depth between the points 1 and 2 (in
practice I prefer to make it about 3 inches deep) as to merely allow of the contents of

page_text: the basin passing through without soiling the outlet so as by means of the U shaped
part 1 between the basin a and the chamber d to prevent the vitiated air from
re-entering the basin after having been forced through the outlet b during the flushing
operation.
In my pedestal form of closet the bottom of the basin that is to say that part forming
the bottom of the outlet being carried forward somewhat beyond the ordinary distance
from the basin the vertical outlet part m (see Fig. 2) which enters the trap i is thus
set back so far beyond the side of the basin as to be invisible or out of sight of the
person using the basin as an urinal or as a slop sink. This feature of my invention
is applicable to water-closet basins which may not be provided with ventilating
arrangements (as Fig. 6) which as regards the vertical part of the outlet being out of
sight is of corresponding construction to that shewn at Fig. 2. In the said Fig. 6 in
which as above stated there are no ventilating arrangements the after-flush (shewn at
Fig. 8) may be applied along with any suitable flushing arrangement.
To my pedestal or back outlet closet I fix a tube k (see sectional views at Figs 7 and 8)
along the upper external part of the basin on the front or opposite side to the outlet,
I make an aperture 7 through the side of the basin for the admission of the water
flush. Over and in front of this opening I fix a curved fan h bent inwardly towards
the side of the basin so as to leave only such an opening as will cause the after-flush
chamber to fill with water and in such manner as to cause the flush to be directed
across the bottom of the basin into the outlet opening b. The external tube k is con-
tinued round to the other side of the basin (see Fig. 8) for a suitable distance and
the end of the tube is stopped up the length of tube from the aperture / to
the stopped end a forming an after-flush chamber which at the commencement of the
flushing operation becomes filled with water and empties itself thereof when the
flushing operation ceases. In the case of a water-closet basin having a front side or
bottom outlet I apply the external tube or after-flush chamber in the manner just
described or sometimes place it along the outside of the basin at that part where
the flushing inlet is usually placed. I preferably arrange the inlet in such case to
enter the tube k about midway of its length (see Figs. 9 and 10) the after-flush
chamber thus extending on each side of the inlet g to any suitable distance. Over
the inlet I place a flushing fan has before described.
In the pedestal pattern I make the trap i in a separate piece the trap being thus
reversible so that it may be adapted to any required position (see Figs. 2, 3,
4 and 5). By the latter arrangement facilities are afforded whereby the trap may
be screwed down to the floor and a sound joint assured between the trap and the
soil pipe before the pedestal basin is placed in position.
Fig. 11 is a sectional view of my improved outlet ventilator ;
Fig. 12 is a side view of the inner flap arrangements; and
Fig. 13 an end view of the same.
Fig. 14 is another end view of the ventilator with the flaps and their supporting
frame removed.
Fig. 15 is the outer cover or baffle plate and
Fig. 16 the outlet part of the ventilator.
My improved outlet ventilator consists of a horizontal tube o (communicating
with the ventilating tube) which opens out at its outer end in the form of a dish
or funnel mouth and across the opened out part I place a dividing wall or plate q
sloping at its upper end towards the outside of the building and through the said
sloping plate I .ake a number of (preferably) rectangular openings r r proportional
in their aggregate area in cross section to the area of the horizontal tube o and over
the outside of each of the openings I hang loosely a flaps s of mica oiled silk or
other suitable material. Over the outlet end of the ventilator box j I fix any of the
usual forms of wind-guard louvres or baffle plate arrangements (but preferably the
kind illustrated at Figs. 5, 11, 15, 16, 17 and 18) for preventing back-draught and
at the same time inducing the extraction or outward suction of the air from the
ventilator. By the above described arrangement it will be observed that under
normal conditions an air passage or outlet obtains through the openings rr in the

page_text: sloping wall and between such openings and the vertically hanging flaps ss outside
thereof-the arrangement being such that upon the occurrence of back-draught the
flaps ss will be moved or blown backwardly so as to close the openings r r and thus
prevent an inward current.
The ventilating apparatus hereinabove described is applicable to various other
kinds of water-closet basins other than those of the kinds shewn in the drawings.
Thus for example a basin having a flushing rim with a side opening may be arranged
to open into the horizontal tube and the vitiated air collected within the flushing rim
may be extracted and carried off to the outside of the building in the manner herein-
above indicated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In conjunction with wash-out water-closet basins the construction or arrangement
of a contracted outlet opening from the basin into a chamber such as d formed or
placed beyond such outlet opening the said chamber being in communication with
an outlet ventilator substantially as above described and shewn in the drawings for
the purpose specified.
2. In wash-out water-closet back outlet or pedestal basins carrying the lower part
of the outlet opening beyond the basin so as to prevent the vertical part of the
outlet which enters the trap from being visible to the person standing over the front
part of the basin substantially as described and shewn in the drawings.
3. The combination with the flushing arrangements of a water-closet of an after
flush chamber such as constructed and operating substantially as described and
shewn in the drawings.
4. In combination with arrangements for flushing water closets, the use or
employment of outlet ventilating apparatus comprising a tube o and a box j in
combination with the sloping wall openings flaps ss with an outlet part
(Fig. 16) and an outer cover or baffle plate (Fig. 15) arranged substantially as
described and shewn in the drawings for the purpose or purposes specified.
Dated this 90th day of January 1890
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per J. G. S.,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.