IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING LINEN AND OTHER FABRICS
Year: 1839

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
PEARSON TEE, of Barnsley, in the County of York, Dyer and Linen Manufac-
turer, send greeting.
I,
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Eleventh day of February, in the second year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Edward
Pearson Tee, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said Edward Pearson Tee; my exors, adiñors, and assigns, or
such others as I; the said Edward Pearson Tee, my exors, adiñors, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "
my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING LINEN
AND OTHER FABRICS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso,
that I, the said Edward Pearson Tee, shall cause a particular description of
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being there.
unto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Edward Pearson Tee, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to
the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon
(that is to say) :-
:-
My Invention relates to a mode of unwinding the warp threads of looms
(for weaving linen and other fabrics) as the fabrics are progressively formed
by the weft threads, whereby the fabrics of linen or of other fibre will be more
regularly formed, and the number of weft threads within a given space or
length of fabric will be more equal throughout the length of fabric produced
than by the means heretofore resorted to, and at the same time the warp will
be kept in an equal degree of tension during the process of weaving.
And in order to give the best information in my power, I will proceed to
describe the Drawing hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
The construction of various descriptions of looms being well understood, it
will not be necessary to enter at large into a description of the same; and I
have only thought it necessary in the Drawing to show so much of a power
loom as will enable me to explain the nature of my Invention. I would,
however, remark that I lay no claim to the various parts of looms which are
well known and in use; nor do I confine myself to the application of my
Invention to the peculiar arrangement of an ordinary loom, which is shewn in
the Drawing, and it will not be necessary for me to show my Invention as
applied to various different construction of looms, as a workman acquainted
with the constructions of looms will, from the description hereafter given,
readily apply my Invention to any particular arrangement of loom to which it
may be desirable to apply the same.
Figure 1 is an end elevation of a power loom, having my Invention applied
thereto. Figure 2 is part of a front elevation, showing the parts by which
the movement of the yarn beam is effected. Figure 3 is also part of a front
elevation, shewing the parts which produce the motion of the cloth beam to
wind on the fabric when any portion of the warp has been given off. The
same letters refer to similar parts in all the Figures. A, A, A, is the framing
of the loom; B is the slay board; C is a picking stick and shaft; D, crank
arms or connecting rods; E, cranks; F, the treadle cam shaft and picking
cam shaft; G is the yarn beam, and H the cloth beam; I, I, are the swords
or supports for slay and shuttle race and boxes; K, the shaft on which the

page_text: swords are hung; L, a short arm, jointed to the swords I, I, and also to the
crank arm; M is a spring on a spindle, fixed between the crank arm D and
the arm L, by which and other parts working there with the regulation of the
power of the stroke, and also the regulation of the unwinding of the warp off
the yarn beam, is accomplished; 'n is a lever connected by a pin to the frame
A at n, and is worked by the cam (a), fixed on the crank shaft E, and by the
rods o, works the lever p, to which is attached the catch or driver h, resting
upon the ratchet wheel Q, the axis of which carries the worm wheel R,
which takes into the wheel S, by which motion the yarn beam G would be
constantly unwinding the warp; but this is prevented by means of a slide con
the end frame a, the nature of which is shewn in the Drawing, which, being
struck at e by the projection m, fixed upon the swords I, drives it a little
forward. d is a bell crank, connected by a pin joint to the slide c, and is
also attached by the chain or cord f to an arm from the driver h (see Figure
2,) so that when the slide c is driven by the forward motion of the slay board,
the driver h is raised from the ratchet wheel Q on the axis Q, and so moves
free, leaving the ratchet wheel stationary. The driver is let down again by
the projection m, striking the slide c at g in the returning motion of the slay.
Hence it will be evident that wherever the point e of the slide is set at that
place, the slay will be stopped by the woven cloth, because as soon as the slide
is moved it prevents the yarn from coming from the beam, the spring M
giving way to compensate, so that by setting the slide c a little nearer or
further from the slay, any proper strength of cloth or closeness of weft may
be obtained, as the power of the stroke will be increased in proportion as the
reed comes earlier or later to the cloth, and is stopped thereby; and this
stopping depends on the placing of the stop e, and it will be seen that the
nearer the stop e is to the slay, the more the spring M will be compressed.
The cloth is received by the working of the lever W, on which is hung a
small weight V, the lever W being connected to the lever N by a chain or
cord S, and by the rod X works the lever and catch or driver k into the
ratchet wheel Z, which works the worm wheel T into the wheel w, fixed upon
the cloth beam, and so winds up the cloth by the falling of the weight. And
thus it will be seen that the warp is at all times kept at an equal tension, and
the winding on of the cloth on to the cloth beam can only take place when a
quantity of warp is unwinding; and the unwinding of the warp depends on
the weft having passed across, otherwise the slide c would be moved by the
projection m coming against the stop e, and thus throw the driver h out of
action.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, I would remark that I

page_text: am aware that various modes of regulating the unwinding of the warps of
looms, depending more or less on the passing of the weft threads, have been
resorted to, and for some of which Patents have been obtained. I would,
therefore, have it understood that I do not claim the regulating by means of
the weft; but what I claim is, the mode of regulating the unwinding of the
warp as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Pearson Tees, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Seventh day of August, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-nine.