IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLYING SOAP, OIL, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS TO COTTON, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES REQUIRING SUCH TREATMENT IN THEIR PREPARATION FOR SPINNING, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Lord, of Crawshaw Booth, near Rawten-
stall, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLYING SOAP, OIL, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS TO COTTON,
WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES REQUIRING SUCH TREATMENT IN THEIR
PREPARATION FOR SPINNING, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED
THEREWITH."
Sealed the 8th December 1868, and dated the 11th June 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Lord at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th June 1868.
I, JAMES LORD, of Crawshaw Booth, near Rawtenstall, in the County
of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLYING SOAP, OIL, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS TO
COTTON, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES REQUIRING SUCH TREATMENT IN
THEIR PREPARATION FOR SPINNING, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED
THEREWITH," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in applying soap, oil, or other such substance
to fibrous materials while they are in a state of fleece or opened mass

page_text: during their preparation for spinning, and is especially applicable to
the opening machines used in the treatment of cotton waste, but it
may also be applied in the preparation of wool and other fibrous
materials.
In carrying out my Invention I propose to apply the soap or oil to
the material as it passes from the willow, scutcher, or other such
machine, and may be illustrated by supposing that the said scutcher
is employed. In such case I adapt a trough containing the soap or oil
above the rollers which receive the material. In this trough I propose
to place a revolving surface, which by its rotation takes up a given
quantity of the solution regulated by its speed, and from that surface
it is conveyed by a roller to the fleece of material as it passes
onward.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Lord in the Great Scal Patent Office on
the 11th December 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
LORD, of Crawshaw Booth, near Rawtenstall, in the County of Lancaster,
Cotton Spinner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eleventh June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said James Lord, Her special license that I, the
said James Lord, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said James Lord, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLYING SOAP, OIL, OR SIMILAR
MATERIALS TO COTTON, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES REQUIRING SUCH
TREATMENT IN THEIR PREPARATION FOR SPINNING, AND IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," upon the condition, amongst others,
that I, the said James Lord, by an instrument in writing under my

page_text: hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Lord, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say :-
My Invention relates to applying soap, oil, or other such substance to
fibrous materials while they are in a state of fleece or opened mass
during their preparation for spinning, and is especially applicable to the
opening machines used in the treatment of cotton waste, but it may
also be applied to the preparation of wool and other fibrous materials.
In the accompanying Drawing Figure 1 represents my improved
apparatus in section; Figure 2 is a side view thereof; and Figure 3 a
partial cross section.
At a is "the cage" of an ordinary breaker up or teazer machine used
in the preparation of cotton waste or other fibrous material which
requires the application of soap, oil, or other such substance, and at b is
the usual creeper for conveying the material. Beyond this creeper are
rollers carrying a creeper c, which receives the fleece and delivers it to
another creeper d. At e is a cistern containing the soap solution, oil, or
other such substance, and within it is a roller f mounted in bearings
which are carried by the frame g, which frame also supports the cistern e
by means of screws h. Above the roller f is another roller i furnished
with brushes, and at k is a casing fitting into the cistern e and pro-
jecting over the roller r. As the fibrous material is delivered by the
creeper 6 it is received by the creeper c and delivered to that shewn
at d, from whence it falls over, or it may be made into a lap if desired.
During this progress of the fleece the roller fis caused to revolve slowly
and takes upwards a film of soap, oil, or other such substance, which is
conveyed to the fleece on the creeper d in the form of spray by the
rapid rotation of the brush roller i. The speed at which the roller f
5 is caused to revolve will depend upon the quantity of soap or oil which
it is desired to convey to the fibrous material, the more rapid the rotation
the more of course will be the quantity submitted to the action of the
-roller i.

page_text: It will be perceived that by my Invention the soap or oil is conveyed
upward to the distributing roller, and consequently that the solution
will partially run back and thus present an even film to be distributed.
I have above shewn and described the roller i as furnished with
brushes, but in place thereof a plain roller may be used. The parts
above described may be put in motion by any convenient driving
apparatus, but I will describe a method I have adopted.
At lis
a shaft driven from any suitable part of the machine and carrying a
pinion m which drives the cage a. Upon this shaft is also another
pinion n, which by means of an intermediate o gives motion to one
of the rollers of the creeper c, and on the axis of which is a pinion p
in gear with a wheel q which drives the creeper d. The wheel is
also in gear with an intermediate r, which drives a pinion 8 on the
axis of the roller f. The brush roller i is driven by a strap t proceeding
from a pulley on the beater shaft. The vessel e may be supplied with
the fluid in any convenient manner, but in the Drawing I have shewn
a method which I have adopted. Within the vessel e is a small
chamber u, projecting into which is a pipe w leading from a supply
reservoir, and provided with a stop-cock to*, and át x is another pipe
projecting upward into the vessel e. On commencing operations the
attendant turns the cock w* so as to admit the fluid into the vessel e
at a rate which will be sufficient to keep up the supply and allow a
certain quantity to pass off by the waste pipe x into a receptacle, from
which it may be returned to the reservoir, and thus the fluid is kept
at the same level in the vessel e, and the roller will therefore continue
to take up the same quantity. The pipe is placed in the chamber u
to protect its orifice from flyings. Instead of the supply arrangement
above described, I sometimes use a ball tap in the vessel e, and thereby
maintain the same level of fluid.
I have described my Invention as applied to a breaker up or teazer,
but it may be adapted to scutchers, carding engines, or other preparation
machines in which the fibrous material passes in the form of a fleece
or opened mass, and when it is desired to apply soap, oil, or other
such substance thereto.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and the manner of carrying the same into effect, I desire it to be
understood that I am aware of revolving rollers having been previously
used for the purpose of oiling fibrous materials, and I therefore lay no

page_text: claim to rollers generally; but what I do claim and for the purpose
aforesaid is, the use of a roller partly immersed in the fluid and taking
the said fluid upward to the section of the revolving distributor.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Lord, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Tenth day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
JAMES LORD. (L.S.)