Improvements in Ţ and other Squares.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 8th May, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 20th Jan., 1891-Accepted, 25th Mar., 1391
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ţ and other Squares.
I, EDWIN PEARSON, of Church End, High Road, South Woodford, in the
County of Essex, House Decorator, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in T and other squares, as used by draughts-
men, glass-cutters, carpenters and the like, and has for its object a means whereby
it may folded and rendered sufficiently portable to be carried in the pocket.
In carrying out my invention I provide a T or other square having one or more
joints in the blade thereof constructed in such a manner that said blade may be
folded within its own length by means of hinges, such as those employed in the
construction of folding pocket rules. One of the members formning the end of said
blade has a folding hinge attached thereto which engages with a pin or stud moving
within a slot formed in the butt or stock of the square, so that said blade when
folded lies flat upon and parallel to said butt or stock and may be carried easily in
the pocket, or I may attach the before mentioned folding hinge to the butt or stock
at or about the centre thereof, and form the slot before described in the end member
of the blade, the operation of folding being identical in both cases.
When it is
necessary to use the square, the pin or stud before mentioned is passed along the
slot and the blade unfolded at right angles to the butt or stock. A suitable recess
or dovetail formed in the side of the butt receives the end of the blade and holds
it firmly in position, and where necessary its rigidity may be more fully established
by the application of a thumb or other screw passing through suitable holes made
in the end of the blade and the butt or stock, any number of recesses or dovetails
may be formed on the side of the said butt to enable the operator to adjust a Tor
Lsquare at will. The said folding blade may have degrees of measurement
inscribed thereon thereby dispensing with the need of a measuring rule.
Dated the 7th day of Mov 1890
FREDK. WALKER & HYDE,
4, Moorfields, Fore Street, E.C., Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in T and other Squares.
I, EDWIN PEARSON, of Church End, High Road, South Woodford, in the
County of Essex, House Decorator, do hereby declare the nature of this invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in T and other squares, as used by draughts-
men glass cutters, carpenters and the like, and has for its object a means whereby
it may be folded and rendered sufficiently portable to be carried in the pocket.
In order that my invention and the manner of operating the same may be clearly
understood I have appended the accompanying sheet of drawings, in which
Fig. 1 is a plan view of my invention with the blades open to their full extent.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of Fig. 1 and taken through the centre of the
blades
Fig. 3 is a plan view of the apparatus closed ready for carrying in the pocket.
Fig. is a side elevation of Fig. 3.
Fig. is a view shewing an alternative method of constructing the stack or head,
open.

page_text: Fig. 6 is the first or stock blade for attaching to Fig. 5.
Fig. is a view shewing Fig. 5 closed with Fig. 6 in position therein, and
illustrative of the method of connecting together the several sections forming the
blade.
Fig. 8 is a longitudinal section of Fig. 7 taken through the centre of the blade.
Fig. 9 is a back view of the stock, or head of Fig. 7, closed, and showing the
manner adopted by me of utilizing the same as a spirit level. Similar letters of
reference are used to indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawings.
In carrying my invention into effect I construct the said T, or other square with
one, or more joints in the blade thereof, arranged in such a manner that the blade
may be folded or packed within its own length, or the length of the stock or head,
by means of hinges, or joint connections, and to attain this construct the stock,
or hend A Fig. 1 with a longitudinal slot a formed upon and within the upper surface
thereof and extending nearly from end to end, also within the upper surface of A
1 form three dovetailed slots, 6, 6', and 11, in the positions shewn by Fig. 1. The
blade is formed in three or more pieces, but in Fig. 1 only three are shown, B, C
and 1. To one end of B is connected a pine constructed so as to slide within,
but not capable of leasing the slot a. Upon the under surface of B is a projection d
which fits into each and all of the slots b, b, ", and may be placed in either as
desired, by sliding e along a and turning 13 at right angles to a' until d is over the
slot required, into which it is pressed, and is held in that position by means of a
thumb serew E passing through a hole in B and screwing into the hole in the
slot, provided for that purpose, and more particularly shown by Fig. 2. By this
mean- 13 may be arranged upon A so as to form an † square by placing d in b, or
aTquare by placing in or an L square by placing d in The connection
between Bande may be by that of a folding hinge formed upon e and screwed to B.
Ore may pass through a hole in Band be held in connection therewith by means of a
nut screwed one, or by a burr, or head formed thereon as shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, the
object being that B may either revolve upon cor e revolve within a in onler that B may
be at right angles with a when used as a square, or lying lengthwise upon a when not
in use. The section C is connected to B by means of an ordinary rule joint, and D
is connected to C by that of an ordinary hinge, and should the hinde be further
lengthened by the addition of a fourth section, this would be joined to D as C is
to B.
When the blades are opened as shown in Fig. 1, and whether used as an F, T
or square, the upper edge present a smooth surface for the pencil, diamond or
the like to pass uninterruptedly there along, and any degrees of measurement may
be marked thereon as shewn in Fig. 1 to enable it to be used as a rule. When
said square has for the time served its purpose E is removed from and e slid
along a when B may be turned so as to rest upon A covering a. C is then folded
so as to rest upon A parallel with B and D folded upon C as shewn in Figs. 3
and 4, in the former Fig. is broken off to show the position of 13 and CA
suitable recess is formed in the bottom of A in which may be placed the
thumb screw E. The whole may then be comfortably carried in the pocket of the
user.
Or I may construct A in the manner shewn by Figs. 5, 7, 8 and 9, in which
case A is formed in two pieces and hinged together at g. Fig. 5 shows A
opened for the purpose of explaining the internal construction thereof. Upon the
inner surfaces of and G I form dovetailed slots b. b', 12, 1². Bª, 1º in exactly the
same positions in so far as regards the length of A. as that of Fig. 1. These slots
are for the reception of the dovetailed tongue / upon the first or stock blade B
Fig. 6 and are in depth only equal to half the depth of h, so that when F is folded
upon Gas shewn in Fig. 7 the slots in F and G form in conjunction receptacles
for, and exactly fitting the tongue h. Upon the inner surface of G are two or
more projecting eyes which when A is folded pass through the holes in Fand
by means of hooks or the like on F engaging with j, and G are locked firmly
together grasping and holding B1 in position. Within the end of B₁ farthest
j

page_text: from 1 form a longitudinal recess into which may be slid half the length of a
connecting piece H so that by providing a blade extension C' with similar recesses
in each end C may be joined to B and held together by thumb screws E¹ passing
through holes formed in the upper or lower surfaces of the ends of B and C
and impinging upon H, as shewn in Figs. 7 and 8. The blade may be lengthened
by the addition of any number of such extending pieces joined and held together in
a similar manner to Band (".
It will be understood that a г, Tor L square can be formed by this method
with the same ease as that shown by Fig. 1, and the blade B' being centrally placed
between F and C, either surface of the blade may be presented to the drawing
board or the like, aud in consideration of this, one side may have thereon different
degrees of measurement to that of the other, as for instance, one side may be
inscribed with inch measurement, and the opposite with millimetres or other
measurement as desired, and to facilitate this duplex use of the square, the holes m
are formed upon both sides of the blades that the thumb screws may be uppermost
and clear of the board. The connecting pieces H may be also similarly marked so
that the blade may be extended by their aid, and the measurement continued as
shewn by H Figs. 7 and 8.
Fig. 9 is illustrative of the manner adopted by me of utilizing the stock A as a
spirit level, by inserting within a recess formed in the back of a spirit tube
held in position by a flush plate o, so that by removing B¹ and closing F and G
and locking them together as before the stock A can be conveniently employed for
that purpose. The blade B and its extensions being in width exactly half the
width of A, and the depth thereof. the whole can be easily packed together by
placing the blade extension side by side upon the top of A or singly at the sides
thereof, and carried within a light case in the pocket of the user. A recess
formed in A as shewn in Fig. 8 in the same manner as Fig. 2 and for a similar
purpose.
is
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1st. For improvements in T and other squares the construction and use of the
several parts and the manner of connecting the same together, and forming my
said invention substantially as described and shewn by the accompanying
drawings.
2nd. For improvements in T and other squares the use and application of a
stock or head A with dovetailed recesses b, and ", a slot a and pin c hinged
or otherwise connected to and with a blade B having two or more extensions CD,
hinged together, and marked with degrees of measurement, the manner of folding
the whole so as to render it portable substantially as and for the purposes herein
described and shewn by Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the accompanying drawings.
3rd. For improvements in T and other squares the use and application of a stock
or head A formed by hinging together two pieces F and G, having dovetailed
recesses b,,,,,, into which is fitted the end h of a blade B held in position
by the locking of F and G by means of; and, the manner of extending the
length of B by one or more pieces C, and attaching them together by connecting
pieces H and locking them by E and E. The method of converting A into a
Spirit level by the addition of and o substantially as described and shewn by
Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 of the drawings hereunto appended.
Dated this 10th day of January 1891
GEO. THOS. HYDE,
+, Moorfields, London, E.C., Agent for the Applicant.
GEO. THOS. HYDE,
+, Moorfields, London, E.C., Agent for the Applicant.