Improvements in or Additions to Human Hair and other like Clipping Machines.
Year: 1888

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or Additions to Human Hair and other like
Clipping Machines.
I, CHARLES BROWN of the firm of Brown and Deykin of Chard Works, Park Street,
Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates principally, to human hair clipping machines, consisting
essentially of an under and fixed cutter plate, with teeth, or cutters, upon its front
edge, and a reciprocating top cutter plate, working upon the top face of the former,
by a handle and spring, which operate respectively, for taking the teeth of the movable
cutter to and fro, across the teeth of the under cutter.
In the said machines, as ordinarily constructed, the under cutter plates, are made of
varying thicknesses, in order to cut hair, to different, and varying lengths, and in
order to do this, a number of machines have to be employed, with under cutter plates,
varying in thicknesses or depth between the underside of the said cutter plate, and its
top face which gives the length of hair that shall be left, after cutting.
Thus, if a person requires his hair to be cut very close to the scalp, then a machine
is taken, whose lower cutter plate, is comparatively of little thickness or depth between
its top face, and its underside; but if the hair is required to be left longer, then
another machine is taken with a thicker under-cutter plate, and so on, according to
the length of hair, which is required to be left on the head.
My invention consists in using only a single machine, for cutting hair to any length
required, by employing supplementary gauge plates of varying thicknesses, detachably
connected to the underside of the lower plate, of a clipping machine. By this means,
hair cut, can be left long or short, according to the gauge plate used.
The gauge plate consists of a plate or strip of sheet metal, of the breadth of a clipping
machine, but of a length equal to the distance between the back edge of the under
cutter plate, and its teeth, while the fore, and rear edges, are beut inwardly, and come
upon the underside of the said lower plate, thus making as it were, a lift, which varies

page_text: the distance between the head of a person whose hair is being cut, and the upper
side of the lower cutter plate, which represents the length of hair left, upon the
scalp.
By varying the thicknesses of plates, or the gauge of the lifts, hair cut, can be left
to any desired length.
The supplementary gauge plates or lifts, are provided upon their upper or inner
sides, with a spring clip, whose outer free ends are slightly booked upwardly and
inwardly, and extend a little beyond the gauge plate, and snap within gaps formed in
the two opposite sides of the under plate. By this means, the supplementary gauge
plates or lifts, are detachably secured to the machines; so that when hair is required
to be cut or left longer or shorter, the operator has only to remove one plate, and
spring another of a different gauge into its place.
Dated this Nineteenth day of March 1888.

page_text: Improvements in or Additions to Human Hair and other like
Clipping Machines.
I, CHARLES BROWN of the firm of Brown and Deykin of Chard Works Park Street,
Birmingham in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates principally to human hair clipping machines, consisting
essentially of an under and fixed cutter-plate, and a top cutter plate, working and
reciprocating upon the top face of the first-named.
The said top and movable cutter plate, is worked by a fulcrumed lever, which takes
the teeth of the movable cutter to and fro, across the teeth of the under-cutter; and
in order to cut hair to different lengths, a number of machines have to be employed,
with under-cutter plates, varying in thickness or depth between its underside, and top
face.
Thus, if a person requires his hair to be cut very close to the scalp, then a machine
is taken whose lower cutter plate is shallow; but if on the other hand, the hair is
required to be left longer, then another machine is taken with a thicker under-cutter
plate, and so on, according to the desired length of hair to be left.
My invention consists in using a single machine in common, for cutting hair, to the
length required, by employing supplementary gauge plates or "lifts," of varying
thicknesses, detachably connected to the underside of the lower plate of a clipping
machine; so that hair cut, can be left long or short, according to the gauge plate or
"lift" used.
The said gauge plate consists of a plate, (preferably shaped from sheet metal,) of
the breadth of a clipping machine, but of a length about equal to the distance between
the back edge of the under-cutter plate, and its teeth, while the fore and rear edges are
bent inwardly, and come upon the underside of the said lower plate, thus making as
it were a "lift," which varies the distance between the head of a person, and hair
being cut.
By varying the thickness of plate, or the "lift," hair can be left or cut to any desired
length.
The supplementary gauge plates or "lifts" are provided upon their upper or inner
sides, with a spring clip, whose outer free ends are slightly hooked upwardly and
inwardly, and extend a little beyond the gauge plate, and snap within gaps formed in
the two opposite sides of the under plate. By this means, the supplementary gauge
plates or "lifts are detachably secured to the machines; so that when hair is required
to be cut or left longer or shorter, the operator has only to remove one plate, and
substitute another of a different gauge for it.
23
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing, represents a human hair clipper, provided
with a gauge plate or "lift," made according to my invention. This said figure 1
represents the underside of the clipper, partly covered by the said supplementary
gauge plate or "lift."

page_text: Figure 2 represents a side elevation of figure 1.
Figure 3 shows a section of the gauge plate or "lift," and lower and fixed cutter-
plate.
Figure 4 shows a top side plan of the lower cutter plate, with the gauge plate or
shown in dotted lines.
"lift
Figure 5 is an underside plan of the said lower plate, while figure 6 is a section on
the dotted lines A B figure 5.
Figure 7 is a top side plan of the gauge plate or "lift," showing the means for
detachably connecting it to the underside of the said lower plate.
Figure 8 is a longitudinal vertical section of figure 7, on the dotted lines ( D.
Figure 9 represents a lower clipper plate, provided with a deep gauge plate or
"lift," whilst figure 10 shows a lower cutter plate, with a shallow one.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures of
the drawing.
C
a is a lower and fixed cutter plate, and is the upper and movable cutter plate,
which is reciprocated across the top face of the former, by a lever or handle whose
inner end is enclosed by a cap d, wherethrough a screw pin e, passes, for connecting
the plates, cap and lever together, and also for adjusting the faces of the plates on
wear, by the screwing up of the nut f.
g is a gauge plate or "lift," detachably connected to the underside of the fixed
cutter plate a, by a spring clip h, whose outer free ends 2, are shaped inwardly and hook
like, and snap within the opposite gaps a², and upon the edges a³, thereby detachably
securing the said gauge plate or lift to the plate. The gaps a², provont the shifting
of the said "lift "from its assigned position.
tr
It will be seen that the fore-part of the "lift" is chamfered towards the teeth, whilst
the back part is chamfered off at a less angle; and further, it covers nearly the whole
of the back of the plate extending from its teeth to its back edge.
In figure 9, a is the fixed plate, and g is a deep "lift;" so that the hair to be cut is
left to the length extending from the plane of the underside of the "lift," to the top
side of the fixed cutter plate.
In figure 10, a is the cutter plate, and
is the shallow "lift." If hair is required
to be cut very short, the clipper without a "lift" is used.
I wish it to be understood that although I have described that the gauge plate or
"lift," is detachably connected to the clipper by a spring clip, yet I do not confine
myself to this particular method of attachment.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First Employing on the underside of the lower or cutter plate of a clipper, a hair
gauge plate or "lift," for the purpose substantially as described and set forth.
Secondly Employing or using on the underside of the lower or cutter plate of a
clipper, of a detachably connected hair gauge plate or "lift," held in position by a
spring clip, substantially as described and set forth.
Thirdly-Affixing detachably connected gauge plates or "lifts" to the bottoms or
under plates of clippers, by the free ends of springs, engaging with notches or cut-
away parts, substantially as set forth.
Dated this Tenth day of December 1888.