IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GRINDING CRUSHING OR REDUCING TO POWDER ORES QUARTZ OR OTHER LIKE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas William Bassett Mumford Manager to Messieurs
James Gibbs and Company of Victoria Docks in the County of Essex,
Chemical Manufacturers, and Robert Moodie Engineer to the said firm for
an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GRINDING CRUSHING OR
REDUCING TO POWDER ORES QUARTZ OR OTHER LIKE SUBSTANCES
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas William Bassett
Mumford and Robert Moodie at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents
on the 22nd December 1883.
THOMAS WILLIAM BASSETT MUMFORD, Manager to Messieurs James Gibbs and
Company of Victoria Docks in the County of Essex Chemical Manufacturers and
ROBERT MOODIE Engineer to the said firm "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
GRINDING CRUSHING OR REDUCING TO POWDER ORES, QUARTZ OR OTHER LIKE
SUBSTANCES
"
Our Invention has for its object to provide an efficient and convenient apparatus
for reducing to a fine state of division quartz ores phosphates and other substances
or materials.
As a preliminary process where necessary the ore or other substances to be
reduced to powder are first broken by any suitable crushing machine into pieces of
suitable size to be subjected to the action of the apparatus constituting our
Invention. The substances to be reduced are fed into a hopper from which they
are conducted by a shoot or spout to an apparatus for separating therefrom pieces
of iron such for example as nails and the like that may be mixed with the
substances (which we will presume to be ore) This apparatus consists of a hopper
into which the ore is introduced and which is provided at the lower end with an
adjustable gate slide or door to regulate the discharge of the ore from the hopper
onto a perforated inclined plate which has a jogging motion imparted to it and
through the perforations of which the broken ore passes whilst any nails or pieces
of metal or other extraneous substances that may be mixed with the ore will pass
over the perforations and off the lower edge of the plate into a receptacle placed
in position to receive them. The ore which passes through the perforations falls
into and between a pair of crushing rollers by which it is reduced and passes
thence into a chamber below from which it is elevated by means of a chain of
buckets or other suitable means and deposited into a hopper shaped receptacle
containing two seives or riddles mounted loosely on a frame at a short distance
one above the other-The frame carrying these seives may be suspended by means
of spring blades or plates to over head beams and have a shaking or jogging motion
imparted to it by means of cams eccentrics or their equivalents-In tue interior of
[Price 6d1
3

page_text: the receptacle on opposite sides of the seive frame are fitted spring buffers against
which the said frame strikes at each to and fro motion so as to give a more
effective shaking or jogging motion to the seives.
The receptacle below the seive is divided by vertical or nearly vertical partitions
into three compartments.
The upper one of the two seives or riddles is coarser or larger in the mesh than
the lower one and any of the material that is too large to pass through the meshes
of the upper seive falls over the end thereof into one of the compartments referred
to and is conducted by a spout or shoot back to the crushing rollers of the
separating apparatus to be further reduced-The material which passes through
the meshes of the upper seive falls onto the lower seive and any that is too large
to pass through the meshes of the said lower seive falls over its end into another
of the compartments of the receptacle and thence to between a pair of crushing
rollers arranged beneath the receptacle whilst the material which is sufficiently fine
to pass through the meshes of the lower seive enters the third compartment and
passes out by its spout or shoot into a bag or other receptacle placed in position to
receive it.
The material which passes over the lower seive is further reduced by the crushing
rollers beneath the receptacle and fall into another receptacle below from which it
is elevated by a chain of buckets into another hopper shaped receptacle similar to
that last described but containing only two compartments and only one seive or
riddle on to which seive or riddle the material is deposited from the elevator-
The material which is not sufficiently reduced to pass through the meshes of this
seive or riddle fall over the end thereof to the bottom of one of the compartments
of the receptacle and is conducted thence to another pair of crushing rollers to be
further reduced whilst that which is sufficiently fine to pass through the meshes of
the seive enters the other compartment and is conducted by a spout or shoot into
a receptacle provided for its reception-The material which passes over the end of
this seive and is further reduced is again elevated and deposited into another
receptacle and treated in a similar manner to that last described and so on to any
required number of receptacles crushing rollers and seives or riddles until the
whole of the material is reduced to the required degree of fineness. The material
as it passes from the receptacles to the crushing rollers is conducted by inclined
radiating troughs or spread over the whole length of the said rollers so as to
equalize the wear thereof the said rollers being kept clear by rotating against
brushes or cleaners which are maintained in contact with the rollers by springs or
equivalent means-The receptacles may be provided in the interior with an
adjustable valve or deflector plate for the purpose of dividing the material which
passes over the end of the seives or riddles and conducting part of it back to the
crushing rollers of the preceding receptacle.
The whole of the riddles or seives of the various receptacles may be actuated
simultaneously by the two eccentrics referred to their rods being connected to all
the frames of the sieves or riddles.
The spouts or shoots through which the reduced materials pass from the
receptacles are provided with self closing flaps or doors which are maintained open
by the bag or receiver for the reduced material but which flaps or doors close under
the action of a spring or counter weight when the bag or receiver is removed.
In order to maintain the surfaces of the crushing rollers true and smooth we
mount immediately above the rollers so as to rotate at a high speed in suitable
bearings a shaft or spindle carrying an Emery wheel which is capable of being
traversed along its axle by any suitable means such for example as a screw working
in a fork which is made to embrace the wheel so as to cause the wheel to travel to
and fro along the rollers and thus remedy any unevenness in their surface.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Thomas William Bassett Mumford and Robert Moodie in the
Patent Office on the 5th June 1884.
"
THOMAS WILLIAM BASSETT MUMFORD Manager to Messieurs James Gibbs and
Company of Victoria Docks in the County of Essex Chemical Manufacturers and
ROBERT MOODIE, Engineer to the said Firm IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
GRINDING CRUSHING OR REDUCING TO POWDER ORES, QUARTZ OR OTHER like
SUBSTANCES
"
Our said Invention has for its object to provide an efficient and convenient
apparatus for reducing to a fine state of division Quartz ores Phosphates and other
Substances or materials.
As a preliminary process where necessary the ores or other substances intended
to be reduced to powder are first broken by any suitable crushing machine into
pieces of suitable size to be subjected to the action of the apparatus constituting
our Invention. The substances to be reduced are fed into a hopper from which they
are conducted by a shoot or spout to an apparatus for separating therefrom pieces
of Iron such for example as nails and the like that may be mixed with the
substances (which we will presume to be ore). This apparatus consists of a hopper
into which the ore is introduced and which is provided at the lower end with an
adjustable gate slide or door to regulate the discharge of the ore from the hopper
on to a perforated or reticulated inclined plate or tray which has a jogging motion
imparted to it and through the openings in which the broken ore passes whilst any
nails or pieces of metal or other extraneous substances that may be mixed with the
Ore will pass over the openings and off the lower edge of the plate into a receptacle
placed in position to receive them. The broken Ore which passes through the
openings falls or is conducted between a pair of crushing rollers by which it is
pulverized and passes thence into a chamber below from which it is elevated by
means of a chain of buckets or other suitable means into a hopper shaped receptacle
containing two sieves or riddles mounted loosely on a frame at a short distance one
above the other. The frame carrying these sieves is suspended by means of spring
blades or plates to over-head beams and have a shaking or jogging motion imparted
to it by means of Cams, Eccentrics, or other equivalents. In the interior of the
receptacle on opposite sides of the sieve frame are fitted spring buffers against
which the said frame strikes at each to and fro notion so as to give a more effective
shaking or jogging motion to the sieves. Or the jogging motion may be imparted
by means of tappets or cams acting on the frame so as to cause it to receive a
jumping up and down motion or any other suitable means may be employed to
obtain the desired effect.
The receptacle below the sieve is divided by vertical or nearly vertical partitions
into three compartments.
The upper one of the two sieves or riddles is coarser or larger in the mesh than
the lower one and any of the material that is too large to pass through the meshes
of the upper sieve falls over the end thereof into one of the said compartments and
is conducted by a spout or shoot back to the crushing rollers of the separating
apparatus to be further reduced or pulverized. The material which passes through
the meshes of the upper sieve falls on to the lower sieve and any that is too large
to pass through the meshes of the said lower sieve passes over its end into another
of the compartments of the receptacle and thence to between a pair of crushing
rollers arranged beneath the receptacle whilst the material which is sufficiently fine

page_text: to pass through the meshes of the lower sieve enters the third compartment and
passes out by its spout or shoot into a bag or other receptacle placed in position to
receive it.
The material which passes over the lower sieve is further reduced by the
crushing rollers beneath the receptacle and falls into another receptacle below from
which it is elevated by a chain of buckets into another hopper shaped receptacle
similar to that last described and with similar compartments and sieves beneath
(in this case finer than in the preceding) but which contains only two compartments
and only one sieve or riddle on to which sieve or riddle the material is deposited
from the elevator. The material which is not sufficiently reduced to pass through
the meshes of this sieve or riddle falls over the end thereof to the bottom of one of
the compartments of the receptacle and is conducted thence to another pair of
crushing rollers to be further reduced whilst that which is sufficiently fine to pass
through the meshes of the sieve enters the other compartment and is conducted by
a spout or shoot into a receptacle provided for its reception. The material which
passes over the end of this sieve and is further. reduced, is again elevated and
deposited into another receptacle and treated in a similar manner to that last
described and so on to any required number of receptacles, crushing rollers and
sieves or riddles until the whole of the material is reduced to the required degree
of fineness. The material as it passes from the receptacles to the crushing rollers
is conducted by inclined radiating troughs or spreaders so as to be equalized over
the whole of the grinding surfaces of the said rollers and thus equalize the wear
thereof. The said rollers are kept clear by rotating against brushes or cleaners
which are maintained in contact with the rollers by springs or equivalent means.
The receptacles are provided in the interior with an adjustable valve or deflector
plate for the purpose of dividing the material which passes over the ends of the
sieves or riddles and conducting it partly back to the crushing rollers of the
preceding receptacle and partly to the succeeding Mill or entirely to one or the other
as may be desired.
The whole of the riddles or Sieves of the various receptacles may be actuated
simultaneously by eccentrics cams or tappets and rods connecting all the frames of
the Sieves or riddles.
The spouts or shoots through which the reduced materials pass from the
receptacles are provided with self closing flaps or doors which are maintained open
by the bag or receiver for the reduced material but which flaps or doors close under
the action of a spring or its equivalent when the bag or receiver is removed.
And in order that our said Invention may be fully understood we shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to
the several figures in the annexed Sheets of Drawings the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 of our drawings represents a front elevation of an apparatus constructed
or arranged according to our Invention. Figure 2 is a transverse Section of the
same taken on the line 1. 2 Figure 1. Figure 3 is a vertical Section of one of the
receptacles containing the Sieves or riddles and the deflector or valve for conducting
the material into different channels and Figure 4 is a plan of a portion of the
same. Figure 5 is a Sectional elevation of a part of the apparatus shewing an
arrangement of brushes for keeping the crushing rollers clean and Figure 6 is a
detail shewing one of the spreaders or radiating troughs for directing the material
over the surface of the crushing rollers so as to equalize the wear thereof.
The Ore or other material to be reduced to powder may be preliminarily crushed
by any suitable crusher, such for example as a Blake or a Hall's crusher which
may be arranged so that the materials fall directly into the bin or receptacle A.
The materials pass from the said receptacle by the conducting Shoot or trunk B
into the hopper C of the apparatus for separating pieces of Iron such as nails and
other extraneous material which if not removed would injure the reducing
apparatus or interfere with its proper working. The separator consists of a
perforated plate or reticulated tray D onto which the material from the hopper C

page_text: is allowed to pass in regulated quantity as desired by an adjustable slide or
gate E.
The openings in the plate or tray D are such that will admit of the material to
be ground passing freely through them whilst any pieces of iron such as nails, and
the like will pass over the perforations and over the lower end of the plate or tray
into any suitable receptacle..
The material which passes through the openings in the plate or tray D falls onto
an inclined plate or spreader E which may be divided into channels by strips of
metal, by means of which the feed of the material may be equalized over the
surface of the rollers G to which the said material is conducted by hopper like
plates g.
A shaking or jogging motion is imparted to the plate or tray D by means of a
rotating tappet or cam x which may be driven from the axle of one of the
crushing rollers G by a strap y and pulleys z. The crushing rollers receive their
motion from the main driving shaft H, by means of driving straps and pulleys I,
the rollers of each pair being geared together by spur wheels K which may be of
equal diameter so as to cause both rollers to have the same surface speed or of
different diameters so as to cause the rollers to revolve at different speeds and thus
produce a combined crushing and rubbing action upon the material passing
between them.-The material passing from between the rollers G after being acte-I
upon thereby is conducted by the inclined shoot L into the bottom of the chamber M,
and is elevated therefrom by an endless chain of buckets N, and discharged into a
shoot O, which conducts it into the separating receptacle P shewn in section at
Figure 3. This receptacle is divided by partitions Q into three compartments, R, S. T.
and contains at the upper end two inclined sieves or riddles U, V, mounted loosely
one above the other in a frame W suspended by spring plates X. from over-head
beams Y. The mesh of the upper sieve U is coarser than that of the lower
sieve V. The material falls upon the upper sieve and that which passes there-
through falls onto the lower sieve and that which is sufficiently fine to pass through
the meshes of the said lower sieve falls to the bottom of the compartment R and
out therefrom by the shoot or spout Z, into a bag or other receptacle placed in
position to receive it. The material which is not sufficiently reduced to pass
through the meshes of the upper sieve U passes over the lower edge thereof into the
compartment S and is conducted therefrom by the shoot a back to the hopper C of
the separating apparatus to be again subjected to the action of the rollers, G and
to the sieves U and V in the receptacle P. The material which passes through the
Sieve U onto the Sieve V but which is not sufficiently small to pass through the
meshes of the latter falls over the lower end thereof into the compartment T and
is conducted by the shoot b, into a hopper C¹ and thence to another pair of
crushing rollers G¹ by which the material is further reduced.-The material after
being acted upon by the rollers G' falls therefrom into a Chamber M¹ from whence
it is elevated by an endless chain of buckets similar to those at N and is discharged
thereby into a shoot O¹ by which it is conducted into the separating receptacle P',
This receptacle is similar to the receptacle P (with the exception that the upper
sieve or riddle in the receptacle P¹ may be of finer mesh than that of the
receptacle P.) and the material is separated by the sieves in this receptacle after
the manner described with regard to the receptacle P, that which is too large to
pass through the upper sieve being conducted back to the rollers G¹ by the shoot a¹
to be again operated upon; that which passes through the upper sieve but which
is too large to pass through the lower sieve, falling over the lower end thereof and
being conducted by the shoot b¹ to another pair of rollers G° to be further reduced
whilst that which passes through the lower Sieve is conducted by the spout or
shoot Z¹ into a bag or other suitable receptacle placed in position to receive it. The
material after leaving the crushing roller G2 is again elevated and conducted into
another separating receptacle P² where it is again subjected to a similar process of
separation to that hereinbefore described, the material which is sufficiently reduced
passing through the Sieves and thence through the shoot Z2 into a bag or other

page_text: receptacle, the remainder being conducted partly back to the rollers G³ and partly
to another pair of rollers G³ to be further reduced and then elevated and deposited
into another receptacle Ps and subjected to the same operations as before and so on
to any required number of separating receptacles until the whole of the material
is reduced to the required degree of fineness. The upper sieves of each succeeding
receptacle being of course finer than those of the preceding receptacles, the lower
sieves being all of the same degree of fineness.
The material may be distributed equally over the surfaces of the crushing rollers
by means of an inclined conducting plate E¹, figure 6, fitted with radiating strips F
forming troughs through which the material passes from the hopper C to between
the rollers. By bending the metal strips F in one direction or the other the
passage of the material may be properly directed to give equality of wear of the
rollers.
In the drawings we have illustrated four separating receptacles P P1 P2 P³ and
four pairs of crushing rollers G G¹ G' G³ which numbers we have found to answer
well but any other convenient number may be employed.
A sideway reciprocating motion is imparted to the frames carrying the sieves of
the several receptacles and consequently to the sieves themselves by means of
eccentrics d, the rods e of which connect the whole of the frames together and thus
impart motion to them all simultaneously, and in order to impart a shaking or
jogging motion to the sieves the frames at each reciprocation are caused to strike
against spring buffers f secured to the inner sides of the receptacles or instead of
employing spring buffers as described a jogging motion may be imparted to the
sieves by means of rotating tappets or cam surfaces as shewn in dotted lines in
Figure 3 The projections on the rotating surfaces causing the frames carrying the
riddles to rise and then to fall suddenly and thereby impart to the riddles a violent
shaking motion thus preventing the meshes of the sieves from becoming clogged.
In Order to keep the surfaces of the crushing rollers clean, brushes g² are
maintained in contact therewith by means of springs h as shewn in figure 5 so that
as the rollers rotate any of the material that may be adhering to them is removed.
The separating receptacles P P' P² P³, one or more of them, may be provided
with an adjustable valve or deflector plate i Figures 3 and 4 fitted with a
handle K for altering its position as required. By means of this valve or deflector
the material passing over the ends of the sieves may be all conducted into either of
the compartiments S or T or a part of it may be conducted into both compartments
as desired, for example if it is desired to conduct the whole of the material into the
compartment S the valve i is turned by means of the handle K so as to cover the
entrance to the compartment T when the whole of the material from the surface of
both sieves will pass into the said compartment S and be conducted therefrom
back to the rollers through which it had previously passed to be further reduced as
hereinbefore described.
By turning the valve i in the other direction so as to cover the entrance to the
compartment S the whole of the material passing over both sieves will be conducted
into the compartment T and from thence to the next pair of crushing rollers. By
arranging the position of the valve i centrally between the two extreme positions
the material passing over the ends of the sieves will be about equally divided and
be conducted the one part into the compartment S and the other part into the
compartment T but the proportion passing into one or other of the compartments
may be regulated by inclining the valve more or less to one side or the other as
desired
By means of this deflector plate or valve ȧ the material may be conducted back
to the crushing rollers as often as required so as to reduce the whole of the material
to the required degree of fineness without tailings or residue at the last Mill of the
series or if desired the material may be passed in succession from one Mill to
another throughout the series and the tailings that remain after passing the last
Mill of the series may be conducted into a receptacle and be elevated therefrom
into a bin or receiver m and passed therefrom when desired by a shoot n to the

page_text: first pair of crushing rollers G to be subjected to the succession of separating and
grinding processes herein before described until the whole of the material is reduced
to the required degree of fineness.
The mouth or discharge end of the spout or shoot Z of each of the separating
receptacles P P P P³ may be provided with an automatically closing flap or
door w which when the apparatus is at work is held open by the sack or other
receptacle placed in position to receive the powdered material and bearing upon or
depressing the tail of the door so as to compress the spring u When however
the pressure of the sack or receptacle is removed the flap or door immediately shuts
under the action of the spring u and the opening for the escape of the powder is
automatically closed.
The crushing rolls are preferably made narrow and run at a high speed
It is preferred that a jogging or vibrating motion be given to the sieves but we
do not limit ourselves thereto as they may be otherwise arranged, for example they
may be rotating cylindrical sieves one within the other the inner one being the
first sieve which projects at its delivery end beyond the other and into which the
material is fed.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect we would observe in conclusion that what we consider to be novel and
original and therefore claim as the Invention secured to us by the hereinbefore in
part recited Letters Patent is :-
First. The combination of parts constituting the apparatus for grinding
crushing or reducing to powder ores quartz or other like substances constructed
substantially as herein before described and illustrated by the accompanying
Drawings
Second In apparatus such as is herein described as applicable for crushing or
reducing ores quartz or the like to powder by means of rolls the use of a jogging
or vibrating perforated or reticulated inclined plate or tray for separating foreign
matter from the ores or the like preparatory to feeding them to the rolls
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the accompanying
Drawings.
Third In apparatus such as is herein described as applicable for crushing or
reducing ores quartz or the like to powder by means of rolls the combination of
rolls with a chamber or receptacle beneath and with an elevator conducting the
materials to a receptacle above in which are different sized riddles or sieves
(preferably jogging or vibrating) with compartments or receptacles below and
shoots so arranged that the matters after being acted upon by the grinding rolls
are elevated to the said riddles or sieves and sorted thereby and redistributed for
regrinding and for discharge substantially as herein before described and illustrated
by the accompanying Drawings.
Fourth. Providing in apparatus such as is herein described as applicable for
crushing or reducing ores quartz or the like to powder receptacles with adjustable
valves or deflector plates (i) for the purpose of dividing and redistributing the
material which passes over the ends of the riddles or sieves substantially as
herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof we the said Thomas William Bassett Mumford and Robert
Moodie have to this our Specification set our hands and seals this twenty sixth
day of May One thousand eight hundred and eighty four
MRA