Improvements in the Manufacture of Bricks.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Oct., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 20th July, 1891-Accepted, 17th Oct., 1891
PROVISIONAL
SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Bricks.
I, EDWARD CAMMISS, of Cowper Bewley, in the County of Durham, Brick
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
-
My invention relates to the manufacture of bricks, and has reference to the
treatinent of clays and brick earths which contain injurious ingredients such as
nodules or pebbles of lime or chalk or iron-pyrites which if incorporated into the
manufactured brick in their natural condition render it liable to burst or split open
when exposed to moisture.
A
The object of my invention is to provide means for reducing these impurities to
a finely divided state in the wet condition by which their properties of expansion
under moisture are brought out and exhausted in the raw clay or brick earth.
further object of my invention is to reduce the clay or brick earth to such a state
of pulp that it can be conveyed to the drying shed by pumps or other equivalent
machinery.
In carrying my invention into effect I pass the clay in the wet state through
grinding mills, or appliances such as roller mills, grinding stones, edge runners, or
the like appliances in which the clay and all its ingredients are reduced to a very
finely divided state of pulp. I then convey this pulp to the drying shed by pumps
or other equivalent appliance after which it undergoes the ordinary processes
employed in the manufacture of bricks.
Thated this 19th day of October 1800
G. J. CLARKSON,
Stockton-on-Tees, Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Bricks.
I, EDWARD CAMMISS, of Cowper Bewley, in the County of Durham, Brick
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention relates to the manufacture of bricks and has reference to the
treatment of clays and brick earths which contain injurious ingredients in the form
of nodules or pebbles of lime or chalk or iron pyrites which if incorporated into the
manufactured brick in their natural condition render such bricks liable to burst or
split open when exposed to moisture.
The object of my invention is to provide means for rendering these impurities
innocuous by reducing them to a finely divided state in the wet condition by which
their properties of expansion under moisture are brought out and exhausted
in the raw clay or brick earth. A further object of my invention is to reduce the
clay or brick earth to such a state of pulp that it can be conveyed to the drying
shed by pumps, gravity or other equivalent machinery or means.
In carrying my invention into effect I pass the clay in the wet state through
grinding mills, or appliances such as roller mills, grinding stones edge runners or
the like appliances, in which the clay and all its ingredients are reduced to a very
finely divided state of pulp. Although grinding machinery can be constructed
for this purpose sufficiently powerful to grind up nodules or pebbles of lime, chalk
or iron pyrites of any size usually found in brick earth, it is not desirable to grind
such nodules or pebbles up for incorporation with the clay when they exceed a

page_text: certain size say when too large to pass through the meshes of a inch riddle, I
therefore exclude such nodules or pebbles from the clay before the process of
grinding is cominenced. This may be effected by any suitable means such as by
passing the clay from a wash mill through one or more gratings of the requisite
grades of fineness to intercept all nodules or pebbles above a certain size in the
manner described by me in the Specification of my previous Patent bearing date
the 19th of May 1885 and numbered 6133.
I then convey this pulp to the drying shed by pumps, gravity, or other equivalent
appliances or means after which it undergoes the requisite processes employed in the
manufacture of bricks.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
Firstly In the manufacture of bricks from impure clay, the treatment of
the clay by which the said impurities are reduced to a finely divided state in the
wet condition substantially as and for the purpose as herein before described.
Secondly-The reduction of clay to a state of pulp, to be delivered by pumps
gravity or other equivalent means, direct to the floor of the drying shed sub-
stantially as described.
ICOL
Toth day of July
מונות egli
G. J. CLARKSON,
Stockton-on-Tees, Agent for the Applicant.