Improvements in or connected with Night and other similar Lights.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Apr., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 13th Jan., 1891-Accepted, 28th Feb., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Night and other similar
Lights.
We, GEORGE CUPIT Fowler, Night Light Manufacturer, MORRIS BROAD
FOWLER, Analytical Chemist, and GLADSTONE ARNOLD FOWLER, Secretary
to Broad's Patent Night Light Company, Limited, all of Southdown Villas,
St. Anne's, Lewes, in the County of Sussex, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows :—
The invention relates more particularly to night lights but is also applicable to
other similar descriptions of lights.
In some descriptions of night lights it has been found that, in consequence of
the high melting point of the night light body, the material during the burning of
the night light has caked on the interior of the case or holder containing the
same; this has the effect of impeding the transmission of light through the case or
holder and in consequence of the accumulation of the material on the sides thereof
the length of time during which the night light is capable of burning is reduced,
in addition to which, when the case or holder is to be replenished the said accumu-
lation hinders the free placing of another night light in the same.
Now in order to obviate these difficulties we place around the night light case
or holder an envelope of any suitable material which may be formed in one with
or separately from the case or holder and in either case may support the bottom of
the case or holder slightly above the surface on which the same is supported; by
these means we form an enclosed air space surrounding the case or holder.
The air surrounding the night light case or holder and enclosed by the envelope
acts to prevent loss of heat from the night light case or holder and thereby causes
the latter to retain a higher temperature than it otherwise would, thus preventing
the caking of the night light material on the sides of the case or holder and con-
sequently securing the complete consumption thereof and a corresponding extension
in the life of the night light in burning.
We also propose in order to retain a higher heat within the night light case or
holder to employ a centrally perforated disc or flange which may or may not be
connected with the envelope and may be used independently therefrom, the aperture
through such disc or flange being of smaller diameter than that of the case or
holder.
In some cases we form the envelope or the case or holder, or the two united,
with a scating for a cover to enable a night or other light to be used for food or
other warming purposes or for ornamental illumination.
GEORGE CUPIT FOWLER.
MORRIS BROAD FOWLER.
GLADSTONE ARNOLD FOWLER.
GEORGE CUPIT FOWLER.
MORRIS BROAD FOWLER.
GLADSTONE ARNOLD FOWLER.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents,

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Night and other similar
Lights.
We, GEORGE CUPIT FOWLER, Night Light Manufacturer, MORRIS BROAD
FOWLER, Analytical Chemist, and GLADSTONE ARNOLD FOWLER, Secretary
to Broad's Patent Night Light Company, Limited, all of Southdown Villas,
St. Anne's, Lewes, in the County of Sussex, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The invention relates more particularly to night lights, but is also applicable to
other similar descriptions of lights.
In some descriptions of night lights it has been found that in consequence of
the high melting point of the night light body, and perhaps from other causes, the
material during the burning of the night light, has caked on the interior of the case
or holder containing the same; this has the effect of impeding the transmission of
light through the case or holder, and in consequence of the accumulation of the
material on the sides thereof, the length of time during which the night light is
capable of burning is reduced, in addition to which, when the case or holder is to
be replenished, the said accumulation hinders the free placing of another night
light in the same.
Now in order to obviate these difficulties, we place around the night light case or
holder, an envelope of any suitable material, which may be 'formed in one with, or
separately from, the case or holder, and in either case may support the bottom of
the case or holder slightly above the surface on which the same is supported; by
these means we form an enclosed air space surrounding the case or holder.
We also propose, in order to retain a higher heat within the night light case
or holder, to employ a centrally perforated disc or flange, which may or may not be
connected with the envelope and may be used independently therefrom, the aperture
through such disc or flange being of smaller diameter than that of the interior of
the case or holder.
In some cases we form the envelope or the case or holder, or the two united, with
a seating for a cover, to enable a night or other light to be used for food or other
warming purposes, or for ornamental illumination.
And in order that our said invention may be more clearly understood, and readily
carried into effect, we will proceed aided by the accompanying drawings, more fully
to describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a vertical section of a night light case or holder constructed and
fitted with a perforated disc according to our invention and provided with a dome

page_text: well as that around the sides. c is a perforated disc, which is represented in
combination with Figure 1, where it is supported on the inner seat a³ formed on
the part a connecting the case or holder a to the envelope b, whilst a dome or
cover d is represented in such figure as supported on the outer seat a³ on such
part a. It will be readily understood that the dome or cover d and the
perforated disc e may be used either separately or combined, as shown at Figure 1,
whilst a dome or cover d may be supported on either seat a² or a³; we would also
remark that the envelope b and perforated disc c may be used either conjointly or
separately with the case or holder a.
We prefer to form the case or holder a, the envelope b, and the perforated disc c,
of glass, but they may be formed of gelatine or other transparent and suitable
material, and in cases where transparency is not an object, any one or more of such
parts may be made of any suitable opaque material.
The air surrounding the night light case or holder a and enclosed by the
envelope b, acts to prevent loss of heat from the night light case or holder and
thereby causes the latter to retain a higher temperature than otherwise would,
thus preventing the caking of the night light material on the sides of the
case or holder and consequently securing the complete, or almost complete, con-
sumption thereof, and a corresponding extension in the life of the night light in
burning.
The perforated disc c, by checking the exit of heated air from the case or holder a,
will also act in a somewhat similar manner.
If desired, instead of employing an ornamental dome or cover d, a cover suitable
for enabling a night or other light to be used for food or other warming purposes
may be employed.
The perforated disc or flange c is preferably formed separate from either the
case or holder a or the envelope b, or it may be connected with either or both of
such parts.
It will be evident that the improvements herein described may be used in
connection with night lights as above described, or with other similar description
of lights.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
:
1. In combination with a case or holder for a night or other similar light, an
envelope and perforated disc, substantially as herein shown and described and for
the purpose stated.
2. In combination with a case or holder for a night or other similar light, an
envelope surrounding the same and enclosing an air space around such case or
holder, substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.
3. In combination with a case or holder for a night or other similar light, an
envelope surrounding the same and supporting the case or holder with its bottom at
a short distance above the surface of the table or other support, so as to enclose an
air space around and at the bottom of such case or holder, substantially as herein
shown and described and for the purpose stated.
4. In combination with a case or holder for a night or other similar light, a
centrally perforated disc supported on the top of such case or holder substantially
as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.
זי ·תיים
GEORGE CUPIT FOWLER.
MORRIS BROAD FOWLER.
GLADSTONE A. FOWLER.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.