Cattle Troughs, Sink "Stones," and other like Articles.
Year: 1886

page_text: Cattle Troughs, Sink "Stones," and other like Articles.
I JULIUS WHITEHEAD, Manager, Ellen Royd. Brick and Tile Works, Halifax, in
the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF EARTHENWARE HORSE MANGERS, CATTLE
TROUGHS, SINK STONES AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES" to be as follows:-
"
"
,,
This invention consists of an improved manufacture of mangers for horses,
troughs for cattle food, and water, pig troughs, sink or "slop" stones and other
like articles made from plastic clay into "earthenware."
According to this my invention in the manufacture of articles aforesaid, I employ
a mould and die, that when the clay is moulded it receives the shape of a hollow
square, or rectangular pipe-the latter is whilst in the soft or plastic state-cut to
the required lengths. One of its sides will be cut loose and the piece so released
on being also cross cut midway its length, the two pieces will fit and then form
"ends" of the trough-So likewise in forming a trough having more than one
compartment for water, corn or other food, parts of one surface of the square or
rectangular pipe are cut as described, and also cross cut and then folded down into
the remaining portion forming partitions therein which when wet and smoothed in
position and fired and glazed produce the troughs-Sink stones or "slop stones "
are produced in the same way, only that the rectangular pipe, when moulded will
be cut longitudinally in halves, so producing two sink stones from a given length
of pipe, the ends being put in as described, and firing and glazing completes the
work.

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Earthenware Horse Mangers,
Cattle Troughs, "Sink Stones," and other like Articles.
I, JULIUS WHITEHEAD, Manager Ellen Royde Brick and Tile Works Halifax in
the County of York do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF EARTHENWARE HORSE MANGERS CATTLE TROUGHS,
"SINK STONES AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES," and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
""
This invention consists of an improved manufacture of mangers for horses,
troughs for cattle food and water, pig troughs, sink or "slop stones" and other
like articles made from plastic clay into earthenware.
According to this my invention in the manufacture of articles aforesaid I employ
a-mould and die that when the clay is moulded it receives the shape of a hollow
square or rectangular pipe the latter is whilst in the soft or plastic state cut to the
required lengths. One of its sides will be cut loose and the piece so released on
being also cross cut midway its length, the two pieces will fit and then form
"ends" of the trough.
So likewise in forming a trough having more than one compartment for water,
corn, or other food parts of one surface of the square or rectanguler pipe are cut as
described, and also cross cut and then folded down into the remaining portion
forming partitions therein which when wet and smoothed in position and fired and
glazed produce the troughs-" Sink stones" slop stones are produced in the.
same way, only that the rectangular pipe when moulded will be cut longitudinally
in halves, so producing two sink stones from a given length of pipe, the ends being
put in as described, and firing and glazing complete the work.
or
"
"
Such being the nature and object of my said invention, the following is a
complete description of same reference being had to the accompanying drawings
forming a part of this Specification in which
Fig. 1 is a plan view of the die and mould.
Fig. 2 plan of a length of the moulded and compressed clay forming a hollow
rectangular or square pipe or tube.
Fig. 3 is a marking templet.
Fig. 4 is a plan view of a manger having divisional bars or staves.
Fig. 5 is an end view of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is end elevation of a length of like hollow pipe cut so as to form two
troughs for pigs food.
Fig. 7 is an end view of Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a front view of same.
. Fig. 9 represents end view of a length of the hollow pipe, or tube cut longi-
tudinally so as to form two "sink stones,"

page_text: Fig. 10 is an end elevation of one of the parts of Fig. 9 forming a " sink stone."
Figs. 11 and 12 are plan and end section of a length of like compressed pipe or
tube forming a closet for schools, workshops, prisons and other like places.
The process and operations of the improved manufacture are as follows;
By means of the die and mould 1 the clay 2 by steam piston and pressure or
other well known appliance used for compressing and moulding clay is forced
through the space between mould 1 and die 1ª producing a hollow pipe or tube 3
of any required length.
If mangers are to be made a light frame 4 made of wood laths or sheet metal is
placed upon the pipe 3 and by means of a pointed marker, the outline as shown by
dotted lines will be marked thereon. The parts 5. 6. 7 will then be cut out by
means of a knife leaving the division bars 8. 9 as a part of the whole. The "cut
outs" 5. 6. 7, are now used for filling in and forming ends of the trough 10. 11,
the cut out pieces being placed in position and moistened at their edges and
worked slightly by hand or tool so as to amalgamate with the sides and bottom of
the manger trough, or other article and when required the "cut_outs” form
divisional plates so that a separate compartment for other food or for water as
illustrated at 12 is formed. The "cut outs are also utilized in the manufacture
of pig troughs shewn at Figs. 6. 7. 8, the hollow pipe or tube being cut diagonally
and longitudinally as shewn, whereon two troughs are formed ready for the ends
and divisional plates 13 being placed and secured therein-So likewise in the
manufacture of "sink stones a length of the hollow pipe is cut longitudinally in
halves forming two sink stones, the ends 15 being formed of spare " cut outs as
described in relation to the preceding figures.
31
Closets are manufactured of like pipes as illustrated by Figs. 11 and 12.
It will be seen that as the side bars of the templet Fig. 3 are of the same width
as the thickness of the pipe that the "cut outs exactly fit and fill the ends or
interior of the tubing, so that not only is the old and laborious method of slicing
clay by means of draw and cutting wires and the labour and cost of working and
smoothing the material in a box mould by hand are abolished, but that the
manufacture as described from the compressed material produces a much stronger
article, because practically made from one piece of clay, whilst by hand labour it is
not possible to so thoroughly work together and join the several pieces necessary
to construct the required lengths, and I further produce by the improved manu-
facture as described a uniform thickness, and regular outline, and at reduced cost
of time and labour.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is;
The improved manufacture of appliances such as herein described from com-
pressed clay tubing, and "cut outs" in manner set forth and herein illustrated.
Dated this 19th dev of November 1886
JULIUS WHITEHEAD.
By his Agent, Walter Brierley,
Town Hall Buildings, Halifax.