Year: 1887

page_text: This Specification was, upon the 8th day of July 1889, Amended under
Sections 18 to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883.
Date of Application, 11th Aug., 1887-Accepted, 7th Oct., 1887
We, JAMES Moss, Engineer and CHARLES BRANSTON HUNT, Gentleman, both of
Dufferin Street, St. Lukes, in the county of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to that class of sewing machines in which an ordinary reel of
thread is employed under the workplate for interlocking the loop made by a looper,
which looping thread comes from an ordinary upper reel of thread for effecting what
is known as the loop lockstitch.
According to our invention we fit to the fore end of an under rotating shaft, a
crank, the opposite end of which crank has a looping bar loosely pivotted to it, so that
the end which the looper or hook end where it is attached to the crank travels in a circle
about the shaft to carry the looper around the under reel, said looper or book having
a vibratory or oscillatory motion to take the loop of the upper thread and to carry it
around a shell or casing set vertically or approximately so in which the under reel is
loosely fitted, said casing having blades on the face of it and wings on the underside
for opening out the loop under the drag of the looper before said looper leaves go of
the thread for taking the next succeeding loop and so that the looper can enter this
second loop and at its next travel round the under reol to put a strain and drag on the
thread of the previously made loop sufficiently tight to form the stitch. The looper
for this purpose is, as before mentioned, on one end of a bar, the opposite end being
connected to a link suspended from a stud fixed under the workplate, from which
stnd the link has a vibratory motion to govern the motion of the looper as before
explained.
We employ a piece of metal to take the formed loop sideways, so that the needle in
coming down may escape it and to give room for the looper to pass for engaging into
the next loop. This piece of metal is on a bracket and its motion is controlled by a
cam on the undershaft, which shaft also by means of an eccentric and connecting rod
gives a vertical up and down motion to the needle bar.
The bladed and winged shell, as the under reel carrier, is supported by two shoulders
of a bracket plate fixed to the under front end of the workplate.
The invention will be clearly understood by reference to the annexed drawings, in

page_text: which at Figure 1, we show a side elevation of a machine as we purpose arranging
the working parts thereto, the looper A being at the top of its stroke and just engaged
in the loop of the thread formed by the first uprising motion of the needle B, this
position being also shown in Figure 2.
Figures 3 and 4 show front and side view with the hook A near to the bottom of its
course and with the loop spread open passing round the shell C, the loop having been
opened out by being brought against the points of the blades D, D, which are more
clearly shown in the perspective view Figure 5, so that the widest part of the thread
passes between the shell and the supporting bracket plate E, the looper A continuing
its motion drags the bottom part of the loop against the two wings F, F, and between
the shell C and the shoulders G, G, the drag being sufficient to lift the shell containing
the under reel for the looping thread to pass to the back of the shell as indicated by
Figure 6. The hook by this time approaches nearly to a vertical position by the
combined motion of the crank H and bar I pinned thereto as the crank is rotated by
the shaft J by gearing K, L, at the back of the machine.
When the hook arrives in the position last mentioned and as shown at Figure 6
the loop thread slips off its point leaving the loop in the position shown at Figure 2.
At this moment the needle descends and at its first uprising motion the hook has
risen as indicated at Figure 2 to take the next loop round the shell C which contains
the under reel and as the hook comes forward with the loop it brings the loop into
contact with the blades D, D, dragging the thread of the previously expanded loop for
forming the stitch.
M is tho link to which the bar I is connected and N is the stud on the front under-
side of the work plate P.
The bracket plate E is attached by its arm Q to the work plate P.
R is a piece of metal with a curved end R₁ to engage with and carry the loop of
the needle thread and also the single thread of the under reel across to the other side
of the needle hole when the needle is passing up out of the work, so that the loop is
inclined or forced slightly to one side of, or out of the centre of, the shell C, said loop
being left there when the reverse motion of R takes place; the under reel thread by
its tension following the piece R to get into position again for the interlacing of the
next looping.
This throwing aside of the loop keeps it clear of the hook or looper A while
travelling round the lower reel and its shell C.
When the loop is released by the hook it is spread and is resting in and held
between the shell C and the casing E, but the right hand free portion which is above
the shell C has a tendency to follow the piece R when moving back but is prevented
doing so by the tail R².
The piece of metal R centred at R³ is operated by a lever S, the stud of which
rides in the cam T.
Figure 3 is a side and Figure 3ª an under plan view.
As the loops are made in succession each of them has sufficient thread for the hook
to take up and make the stitch, the proper quantity of thread only for the distance or
length of each stitch being drawn from the upper reel.
It will be observed by Figure 1, which is a view of a complete machine that we use
one shaft J only and this by eccentric U and connecting rod V gives straight up and
down motions to the needle bar W by its connection with the horizontal rocking
bar X.
We have not shown the feed motion, that being of the usual kind operated by the
cam or pawl Y, also carried by the rotating shaft J.
The machine may be worked by hand or by treadle motion.
We are aware that ordinary reels of thread have been used as the under thread in
sewing machines for loop-lock-stitching and that said reels have been carried by
in a horizontal position by shells or casings and bracket plates and that hooks having a
somewhat elliptical movement greater in the horizontal than in the vertical direction have
been employed for forming the loops and carrying them round said under reels there-
fore we make no claim to the employment of under reels, nor to bracket plates, nor to

page_text: hooks for the purpose, except when the thread operating parts are arranged as shown
on the annexed drawings and the motions of the hook controlled from a crank arm on
a revolving shaft fitted longitudinally under the work plate.
Nor do we claim generally controlling the motions of the hook from a crank arm on a
revolving shaft fitted longitudinally under the work plate-but only claim this when the
parts are disposed as described and exemplified by the drawings annexed hereto and the
hook has a greater to and fro motion given to it in a vertical direction than in a horizontal
direction whereby the hook is enabled to quietly enter the loop of needle thread and by
expanding the loop take up the thread of the previously expanded loop and effectually
tighten up the previous stitch.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is :-
1. The particular combination or arrangement and method of operating the looping
mechanism of a loop-lockstitch sewing machine as described and exemplified by the
drawings annexed hereto.
2. Attaching the hook or looper bar I, to a crank arm H operated by revolving
shaft J, for circular motion, and to a link M for oscillatory motion of the hook while
moving round in a circle from said crank as and for the purpose described with
reference to the annexed drawings.
3. The particular formation of the shell with its dividing blades D and wings F
for opening the loop out during the drag by the looper A as described with reference
to the annexed drawings.
4. The piece R operated by a cam T on the under revolving shaft J for moving the
loop sideways to give clearance for the needle B in the next descending motion and to
enable the looper A to take a newly formed loop as described, said piece R being
arranged as shown in the drawings.
3334LLE
H. GARDNER,
166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said J. Moss and C. B. Hunt.

page_text: Date of Application; 11th Aug., 1887
Specification Accepted, 7th Oct., 1887.
We, JAMES Moss, Engineer and CHARLES BRANSTON HUNT, Gentleman, both of
Dufferin Street, St. Lukes, in the county of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to that class of sewing machines in which an ordinary reel of
thread is employed under the workplate for interlocking the loop made by a looper,
which looping thread comes from an ordinary upper reel of thread for effecting what
is known as the loop lockstitch.
According to our invention we fit to the fore end of an under rotating shaft, a
crank, the opposite end of which crank has a looping bar loosely pivotted to it, so that
the end which is attached to the crank travels in a circle about the shaft to carry the
looper around the under reel, said looper or hook having a vibratory or oscillatory
motion to take the loop of the upper thread and to carry it around a shell or casing in
which the under reel is loosely fitted, said casing having blades on the face of it and
wings on the underside for opening out the loop under the drag of the looper before
said looper leaves go of the thread for taking the next succeeding loop and so that the
looper can enter this second loop and at its next travel round the under reel to put a
strain and drag on the thread of the previously made loop sufficiently tight to form
the stitch. The looper for this purpose is, as before mentioned, on one end of a bar,
the opposite end being connected to a link suspended from a stud fixed under the
workplate, from which stud the link has a vibratory motion to govern the motion of
the looper as before explained.
We employ a piece of metal to take the formed loop sideways, so that the needle in
coming down may escape it and to give room for the looper to pass for engaging into
the next loop. This piece of metal is on a bracket and its motion is controlled by a
cam on the undershaft, which shaft also by means of an eccentric and connecting rod
gives a vertical up and down motion to the needle bar.
The bladed and winged shell, as the under reel carrier, is supported by two shoulders
of a bracket plate fixed to the under front end of the workplate.
The invention will be clearly understood by reference to the annexed, drawings, in
.

page_text: which at Figure 1, we show a side elevation of a machine as we purpose arranging
the working parts thereto, the looper A being at the top of its stroke and just engaged
in the loop of the thread formed by the first uprising motion of the needle B, this
position being also shown in Figure 2.
Figures 3 and 4 show front and side view with the hook A near to the bottom of its ¦
course and with the loop spread open passing round the shell C, the loop having been
opened out by being brought against the points of the blades D, D, which are more
clearly shown in the perspective view Figure 5, so that the widest part of the thread
passes between the shell and the supporting bracket plate E, the looper A continuing
its motion drags the bottom part of the loop against the two wings F, F, and between
the shell C and the shoulders G, G, the drag being sufficient to lift the shell containing
the under reel for the looping thread to pass to the back of the shell as indicated by
Figure 6. The book by this time approaches nearly to a vertical position by the
combined motion of the crank H and bar I pinned thereto as the crank is rotated by
the shaft J by gearing K, L, at the back of the machine.
When the hook arrives in the position last mentioned and as shown at Figure 6
the loop thread slips off its point leaving the loop in the position shown at Figure 2.
At this moment the needle descends and at its first uprising motion the hook has
risen as indicated at Figure 2 to take the next loop round the shell C which contains
the under reel and as the hook comes forward with the loop it brings the loop into
contact with the blades D, D, dragging the thread of the previously expanded loop for
forming the stitch.
M is the link to which the bar I is connected and N is the stud on the front under-
side of the work plate P.
The bracket plate E is attached by its arm Q to the work plate P.
R is a piece of metal with a curved end R¹ to engage with and carry the loop of
the needle thread and also the single thread of the under reel across to the other side
of the needle hole when the needle is passing up out of the work, so that the loop is
inclined or forced slightly to one side of, or out of the centre of, the shell C, said loop
being left there when the reverse motion of R takes place; the under reel thread by
its tension following the piece R to get into position again for the interlacing of the
next looping.
This throwing aside of the loop keeps it clear of the hook or looper A while
travelling round the lower reel and its shell C.
When the loop is released by the hook it is spread and is resting in and held
between the shell C and the casing E, but the right hand free portion which is above
the shell C has a tendency to follow the piece Ⓡ when moving back but is prevented
doing so by the tail R³.
The piece of metal R centred at R³ is operated by a lever S, the stud of which
rides in the cam T.
Figure 3 is a side and Figure 3ª an under plan view.
As the loops are made in succession each of them has sufficient thread for the hook
to take up and make the stitch, the proper quantity of thread only for the distance or
length of each stitch being drawn from the upper reel.
It will be observed by Figure 1, which is a view of a complete machine that we use
one shaft J only and this by eccentric U and connecting rod V gives straight up and
down motions to the needle bar W by its connection with the horizontal rocking
bar X.
We have not shown the feed motion, that being of the usual kind operated by the
cam or pawl Y, also carried by the rotating shaft J.
The machine may be worked by hand or by treadle motion.
We are aware that ordinary reels of thread have been used as the under thread in
sewing machines for loop-lock-stitching and that said reels have been carried by
bracket plates and that hooks have been employed for forming the loops and carrying
them round said under reels therefore we make no claim to the employment of under
reels, nor to bracket plates, nor to hooks for the purpose, except when the thread
operating parts are arranged as shown on the annexed drawings and the motions of

page_text: the hook controlled from a crank arm on a revolving shaft fitted longitudinally under
the workplate.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is :-
1. The particular combination or arrangement and method of operating the looping
mechanism of a loop-lockstitch sewing machine as described and exemplified by the
drawings annexed hereto.
2. Attaching the hook or looper bar I, to a crank arm H operated by revolving
shaft J, for circular motion, and to a link M for oscillatory motion of the hook while
moving round in a circle from said crank as and for the purpose described with
reference to the annexed drawings.
3. The particular formation of the shell C with its dividing blades D and wings F
for opening the loop out during the drag by the looper A as described with reference
to the annexed drawings.
4: The piece R operated by a cam T on the under revolving shaft J for moving the
loop sideways to give clearance for the needle B in the next descending motion and to
enable the looper A to take a newly formed loop as described, said piece R being
arranged as shown in the drawings.
Dated this 11th day of August 1887.
H. GARDNER,
166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said J. Moss and C. B. Hunt.