AN IMPROVED APPARATIS POR MAKING AND FINISHING BOOTS AND SHOPS
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Henry Southall, of Blackburn, in the County
of Lancaster, Boot and Shoe Maker, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED
APPARATIS POR MAKING AND FINISHING BOOTS AND SHOPS"
Sealed the 11th April 1860, and dated the 12th October 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Henry Southall
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 12th October 1859.
I, CHARLES HENRY SOUTHALL, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster,
Boot and Shoe Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR MAKING AND FINISHING BOOTS AND SHOES," to
be as follows:-
My Invention relates more particularly to that description of boots and shoes
in which the soles are fixed to the welts by screwed pins, and consists' in
various self-acting movements by which the wire is screwed, forced into the
boot or shoe, and afterwards cut off by shears. By means of a wheel having
teeth upon a portion of its periphery a revolving motion is given at certain
intervals to the wire for forming the screwed pins, the threads of which are
made by a screw plate or dies, the entrance of the pins into the sole and welt
going on at the same time. During the stoppage of the revolving motion of
the wire the pins are cut off by shears, put in motion by a cam driven in any.
suitable manner, the boot or shoe being moved by dividing wheels, according
[Price 8d.]

page_text: to the required distance between the screwed pins. After the sole has been
screwed on, the boot or shoe is removed to another part of the apparatus, the
table of which is moved so as to press the edge of the sole against a circular
cutter, put in motion by wheels and pulleys in the usual manner, a guard being
employed to maintain the correct action of the cutter. After the sole is cut it
is pressed against circular polished surfaces and a brush, so as to give it any
desired amount of finish.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Henry Southall in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 12th April 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
HENRY SOUTHALL, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Boot and Shoe
Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Charles Henry Southall, Her special licence that I, the said Charles Henry
Southall, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Charles Henry Southall, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR MAKING AND FINISHING BOOTS AND SHOES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Charles Henry Southall, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Henry Southall, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in the manner in which the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say):-
My Invention relates particularly to that description of boots and shoes in

page_text: which the soles and heels are fixed to the upper leathers or welts by screwed
pins, and consists of machinery or apparatus for accomplishing the same; the
said machinery or apparatus consisting of various self-acting movements by
which the wire is screwed, screwed or forced into the boot or shoe, and after-
wards cut off by shears, for moving the boot or shoe the distance required, and
giving continuous rotary motions to the cutters and glazing wheels. By means
of a wheel, with teeth upon a portion of its periphery, a revolving motion is
given at certain intervals to the wire for forming the screwed pins, the threads
of which are made by a screw plate or dies, the entrance of the pins into the
sole and welt or upper leather going on at the same time. During the
stoppage of the revolving motion of the wire the pins are cut off by shears or
cutters put in motion by a cam driven in any suitable manner, the boot or shoe
being moved by dividing wheels, according to the required distance between
the screwed pins. After the sole has been screwed on, the boot or shoe is
removed to another part of the apparatus, the table of which is moved so
as to press the edge of the sole against a circular cutter, put in motion by
wheels and pulleys in the usual manner, a guard being employed to maintain
the correct action of the cutter. After the sole is cut it is pressed against
circular polished surfaces and a brush, so as to give it any desired amount of
finish. I use an intermediate shaft on which I place wheels, cams, or tappets,
which give motion to the required operations.
The manner in which my said Invention is to be performed will be under-
stood by reference to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, and the letters of
reference thereon, in which Figs. 1 and 2 are external elevations, and Fig. 3.
a plan, of my improved machine; Figs. 4, 5, and 6 are views of detached
parts; and Figs. 7 and 8 are modified arrangements of the same. a, a, a, a, is
the frame for carrying the shafts, studs, and motions; b, b, fast and loose
pulleys, driven by ordinary straps or bands for stopping or putting the machine
in motion; c, c, bevil wheels, which drive the intermediate shaft d, the large
one having a cam upon it, for the purposes hereafter described. On the said
intermediate shaft I place the wheel e and the cams and g. The wheel e is
used to drive the shaft h, on the top of which I place the coil of wire on the
reel i, which revolves with it, and thereby prevents the wire from getting
twisted. The wire is carried through the shaft h into a pair of dies or cutters,
which are placed in a V slide immediately under it, for the purpose of making
a thread on the screw. Immediately underneath, again, I place the shears or
cutters ; which are for the purpose of cutting the screw off flush with the sole
of the boot or shoe. The said cutters or shears are made with a round smooth
surface, in order that the boot or shoe may be retained in its position. ' In

page_text: order also that the screws may be kept at an uniform distance from the edge
of the sole I use the wheel m as a guide, which wheel works on the stud n;
the edge of the sole of the boot or shoe is constantly pressed against the guide
wheel m by means of the weight o. I make the screws vary in length by
means of a suitable train of change wheels, fixed upon studs and plate, as
shewn at Fig. 4. When a screw has been made the proper length it is
requisite that the shaft h and coil i should stop whilst the other motions are
completed, which stoppage I effect by the lever v, on one end of which I place
a roller 2, which works on the cam on the large bevil wheel c', so that every
time the shaft d turns round the roller 2 comes in contact with the notch. I
make the other end of this lever to raise and depress a cone working on a key
on the shaft h, on which a pinion and bush also work, so that when the roller
end of the lever comes in contact with the notch in the cam on the large
wheel c it is raised, thereby lowering the opposite end, which disengages the
cone from the cone bush, and the stoppage of the shaft h is effected as
required; or, to facilitate still further the stoppage, an ordinary break or
check strap may be employed. When the screws are required to be one
uniform length I only use two wheels, as shewn in Fig. 5. In such case the
stoppage is effected by cutting off a number of consecutive teeth in the proper
place of the large wheel, so that when the plain part comes in contact with the
small wheel the stoppage will be complete, with the aid of the break aforesaid.
The boot or shoe is held in the vice p, placed in slides upon a movable face
plate 3, which is driven by the friction wheel q, which derives its motion from
the cam or tappet f, acting upon a roller 4 on a stud fixed on the lever 7,
working also on a stud furnished with the catch 5, which works a ratchet
wheel on the shafts, placed on the lever 7, the said shaft communicating
motion to the friction wheel q, by means of the vertical and horizontal shafts
and spur and bevil wheels t, t, t, t.
That the uneven surface of a boot or shoe sole may be acted upon, it is
necessary that the vice p and face plate 3 should be so arranged that they may
be elevated or depressed, so that the edge of the sole may be brought freely
against the guide wheel m. To accomplish this I use the lever u working in
a slot, and held in its position by a lock screw and nut. I also place the slot 8
in the face plate 3 in a longitudinal direction, which works on the pin 9 fixed
on the carriage w, so that the weight o may continually draw the edge of the
boot or shoe against the guide wheel m. The boot or shoe, the vice p, and
the face plate 3, therefore, move in a longitudinal direction till the pin is
under the centre of the circle of the heel or toe of the boot; it then turns
round in a semicircular form. The vice p and face plate 3 move on the

page_text: carriage w, which carriage moves to and fro on the four bowls or wheels 10
running in bearings on the frame a. The carriage is required to move to and
fro to suit the varying distances which intervene between the slot 8 and the
edge of the boot or shoe. The friction wheel q is placed in fixings underneath,
and a slot is made in the carriage w to allow the upper portion of the said
friction wheel to come in contact with the face plate 3, and allow it to work
freely. The slot 8 is furnished with two bridges x, x, as shewn in Fig. 6, and
their position in the slot 8 is altered by means of the screws 11, 11, at the end
of the face plate 3, so that the slot can be lengthened or shortened to suit the
various sizes of boots and shoes. In order also to accommodate the various
forms in a vertical position I use the lever and link y, y, which lever also holds
the parts, being screwed tightly whilst the screw is being inserted. This last
motion may also be accomplished by springs of various kinds.
In Figs. 7 and 8 I shew another method of holding or supporting the vice
and face plate, in which the vertical spindle a is used and oscillates on the
centres b, b, b, and the lever c causes the elevation and depression required.
In using this method the friction wheel q is dispensed with, and the guide
wheel m is furnished with teeth, for the purpose of moving the boot or shoe.
All the motions required for holding and moving, and for raising and depressing
the boot or shoe are applied to the same purpose in the process of finishing
the edges. The intermediate shaft d, therefore, gives motion to all the move-
ments required in screwing the soles and heels to the upper leathers. Every
time this shaft turns round the wheel e causes the shaft h and wire i to revolve
a certain number of times, and the end of the wire passing through the shaft h
being held in the dies or cutters, the number of threads cut thercon will
correspond with the number of revolutions of the shaft h. The roller end of
the lever v, coming in contact with the notch on the bevil wheel c, causes the
shaft h to stop, as already shewn. During this stoppage the cam g closes the
shears, and makes them cut the screw, and the arm causes the boot or shoe
to move the distance it is intended to place each screw from the other. The
pulleys b', b', are for driving with greater speed the vertical shafts c² and d¹
than the large pulleys b, b, would allow. The end of the shaft c' is prepared
so as to receive the various revolving cutters and glazing wheels. To prevent
any damage being done to the upper leathers whilst the cutting is in operation,
and likewise to make the edges of the soles and heels level and uniform, I use
the guard e', the end of which is made very smooth (and may be furnished
with a thin smooth pulley if desirable); it works in the space between the
soles and upper leathers. In order that either, more or less, may be cut off,
the edge of the sole, the said guard is furnished with a slot, so that it may be

page_text: moved to and fro or made to project much or little in front of the cutters, and
it is made so that it can be secured in its desired position by means of a nut
and screw affixed to the frame a, a. The weight o' is used for keeping the
boot or shoe pressed against the guard e¹. The vertical shaft d gives motion
through the shafts and bevil wheels t, t, t, to the friction wheel g', in the
manner already described in the process of screwing.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be
distinctly understood that I claim as my Invention, and which to the best of
my knowledge and belief has not been hitherto used within the realm, the
combination and arrangement of machinery or apparatus for making and
finishing boots and shoes, as herein described and illustrated in the accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof. I. the said Charles Henry Southall, have hereunto
panying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof. I. the said Charles Henry Southall, have hereunto
set my hand and scal, this Eleventh day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
|
CHARLES H. SOUTHALL. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named Charles Henry Southall, in the
presence of
E. J. HUGHES, Patent Agent,
Manchester.