IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED FOR BREWING, COOKING, AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Leadbetter, of Barrow-in-Furness, in the
County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS TO BE USED FOR BREWING, COOKING, AND OTHER SIMILAR
PURPOSES."
Sealed the 21st November 1872, and dated the 31st August 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Leadbetter
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 31st August 1871.
I, JAMES LEADBETTER, of Barrow-in-Furness, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED FOR BREWING, COOKING, AND OTHER
SIMILAR PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
The Invention is applicable to boiling wort for brewing, cooking
food, making medicinal and other decoctions, and for other similar
boiling purposes.

page_text: The apparatus consists principally of an outer and an inner vessel,
the latter standing within the former upon feet, and being of a smaller
diameter, so that there is a space left between the two, both at the
bottom and upon all sides. This space is to be filled with water. The
fire is applied to the outer vessel, and the wort or other liquid to be
boiled (or the water containing the food to be cooked, or the roots,
herbs, or other materials of which the decoction is to be made) is placed
in the inner vessel, which is closed by a lid having a water joint
somewhat like that of an ordinary gasometer. The action of the fire
heats the water in the space between the two vessels, and this com-
municates heat to the contents of the inner vessel until the boiling point
is reached, at which temperature they will remain without cbullition,
and consequently will give off no steam, and none of the strength or
flavor will be evaporated, and no bulk lost. As the water evaporates in
the space between the two vessels a fresh supply must be added, and
this may be accomplished by means of a float acting on a valve or tap
in the case of a large boiler for wort or other purposes. Boilers of this
description should also be provided with a tap for emptying the space
between the two vessels, and a valve for discharging the contents of the
inner vessel; but small boilers used for cooking and other similar
purposes will not require these appliances.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Leadbetter in the Great Scal Patent Office
on the 28th February 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES 2
LEADBETTER, of Barrow-in-Furness, in the County of Lancaster, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty- 3
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said James Leadbetter, Her special license
that I, the said James Leadbetter, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said James Leadbetter, my exccutors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no §

page_text: strength or flavor will be evaporated, and no bulk lost. As the water
evaporates in the space between the two vessels a fresh supply must be
added, and this may be accomplished by means of a float acting on a
valve or tap in the case of a large boiler for wort or other purposes, or
the rim of the boiler and the inner vessel may be carried sufficiently 5
high to cover the latter with water to such a depth that by the time the
contents of the latter have been boiling a sufficient time the water in
the outer vessel shall only have boiled away till it reaches about the top
of the inner vessel. In this case the boiling is not checked or inter-
rupted during the process by the addition of cold water. Boilers of this 1
description should also be provided with a tap for emptying the space
between the two vessels and a valve for discharging the contents of the
inner vessel, but small boilers used for cooking and other similar
purposes will not requiro these appliances.
Such being the nature and object of my said Invention for "Improve- 1
ments in Apparatus to be used for Brewing, Cooking, and other similar
Purposes," I will now proceed to describe more in detail the manner
in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into
practical effect, and in order that the same may be clearly understood, I
have annexed hereunto a Sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof, and 2
have marked the same with figures and letters of reference corres-
ponding with those in the following explanation thereof :—
-
Fig. 1 in the annexed Drawing is a vertical section of a copper or
vessel for boiling wort for brewing constructed according to my
Invention; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same, and Fig. 3 is a section
showing the application of the same to a cooking vessel for ordinary
domestic purposes.
In Figs. 1 and 2 a, a, is the outer vessel mounted upon brickwork b, b,.
and heated by the furnace and flues c, c, in the usual manner. d, d, is
the inner vessel to contain the wort, which in this case is shown as
suspended within the former by means of the projecting ends of iron,
bands e, e, which cross underneath the vessel and strengthen and
support the same. These bands c, e, are furnished with cyc bolts f, f,
by means of which the vessel can be lifted or moved by a crane or other
similar contrivance. The inner vessel is closed by a cover g, g, provided
with a rim fitting into a water joint h, h, and the rim round the orifice
thereof (as well as the rim i, i, of the outer vessel) is carried up so high

page_text: that the level of the water in the space between the two vessels is at
the commencement of the boiling operation some distance above the
top of the vessel d, d, in order that by the time the contents have been
boiled a sufficient time the said water shall only have evaporated down
to about the level of the top of the inner vessel. If preferred instead of
this arrangement an ordinary float acting on a valve or tap might be
employed to maintain the water at the desired level. k, k, is the tap for
emptying the space between the two vessels, and 7, 7, is a valve for
discharging the contents of the inner vessel.
In Fig. 3, which represents a cooking vessel for ordinary domestic
purposes, the inner vessel d, d, is shown as supported upon feet c, e,
and the tap k, k, and valve I, I, are dispensed with.
The apparatus last referred to might also be employed for making
medicinal or other decoctions where it is required not to heat the
contents of the inner vessel beyond the boiling point, and not to lose
any of the volatile parts thereof.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention for
Improvements in Apparatus to be used for Brewing, Cooking, and
other similar Purposes," together with the manner in which the same is
to be or may be performed or carried into practical effect, I wish it to be
understood that I claim as my Invention the apparatus herein-before
described and illustrated by the annexed Drawings, consisting principally
of the combination of an outer vessel with an inner vessel closed by a
cover having a water joint as represented, or any mero modification
thereof, constructed and operating in substantially the same or a
similar manner.
In witness whercof, I, the said James Leadbetter, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of February, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
two.