IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES FOR COOKING AND HEATING PURPOSES, AND IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING SUCH STOVES, WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO HEATING STEAM- BOILERS AND OTHER PURPOSES."
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Almon Henry Hearington, of 40, Southampton Buildings,
in the County of Middlesex, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES
FOR COOKING AND HEATING PURPOSES, AND IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING
SUCH STOVES, WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO HEATING STEAM-
BOILERS AND OTHER PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Almon Henry Hearington
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th October 1881.
ALMON HENRY HEARINGTON, of 40, Southampton Buildings, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES FOR COOKING AND HEATING PURPOSES,
AND IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING SUCH STOVES, WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO
APPLICABLE TO HEATING STEAM BOILERS AND OTHER PURPOSES."
My present Invention relates to stoves heated by gas and used for the purpose
of cooking, or for heating rooms or other places, or for heating steam or other
boilers.
It has for its objects novel methods of constructing and arranging the several
parts of such stoves so that they are simple and cheaply made and put together,
so that a great heat can be obtained with a comparatively small consumption of
gas, and the heat is very easily regulated and distributed as required.
My Invention may be applied to stoves of various forms and dimensions, as will
be hereinafter described, but I will assume that it is to be applied to a cooking
stove standing in a room or kitchen and having an exit for the products of com-
bustion to a convenient chimney, and provided with a baking oven at one end and
a roasting chamber at the other end, provision being also made for heating sauce-
pans or other cooking utensils upon a hot plate above, and for the supply of hot
water in sufficient quantity as required.
Such a stove constructed according to my Invention is preferably rectangular in
plan and of any desired height, of cast iron or other suitable material, the oven or
baking chamber being situated at either the inner or outer end of the stove, and
the roasting chamber at the other end. Both these chambers have doors to them,
[Price Gda

page_text: the roasting chamber being preferably provided with doors both at its two sides
and at its outer end, and these doors being preferably hinged, so that when opened
At a
they serve as supports upon which dishes or other utensils can be placed.
sufficient distance above the top of the oven and roasting chambers, arranged in the
way described, I make a horizontal plate which serves as a hot plate for keeping
hot any cooking utensils or other articles placed upon it, and it may also be
provided with openings into which fit saucepans, kettles, or other vessels which are
to be heated, the openings being also provided with separate moveable covers.
This bot plate is heated in the way hereinafter described.
At either end of the baking oven at the inner end of the stove but separated a
short distance from the latter, I arrange a vertical water vessel, preferably rectangular
in plan, and of thin metal, such as copper, and having its front and back edges and
bottom fitted into and carried by suitable corresponding ribs upon the plates which
form the stove.
The upper edges of these water vessels reach nearly to a horizontal plate which
is fitted over the whole top of the stove a few inches below the hot plate already
described, such horizontal plate forming itself the top of the roasting chamber, but
having a space left between it and the top of the baking oven.
A space is also left below the bottom of the oven and a horizontal plate which
forms the bottom of the stove and of the roasting chamber, but is raised some
distance from the floor upon which the stove stands by feet or other supports.
A horizontal heating pipe, constructed and arranged in the manner hereinafter
described, passes transversely across the stove in the space below the bottom of the
oven, the currents of heat from it being separated and directed toward the ends of
the oven, and thence rising up between such ends and the vertical water vessels
described, one of the currents passing back over the top of the oven and uniting with
the other current, the two passing over and down the outer side of the inner water
vessel and through one or more openings into a space contained in the inner end of
the stove, the upper end of which space communicates with the space below the hot
plate, and with any convenient chimney.
The roasting chamber at the other or outer end of the stove is heated by gas
burned with air in a compound vertical pipe, which is arranged inside it preferably
This compound pipe
in a recess formed in it at or near the centre of the stove.
consists of an inner gas pipe contained in an outer pipe of larger diameter, the
space between them containing water. The upper end of the inner gas pipe is
closed, and a sufficient number of short pipes or passages open from it and through
the intervening water space and the outer pipe into the roasting chamber.
At the lower end of the compound pipe below the bottom of the stove transverse
air openings are made into the inner gas pipe, into which gas in regulated quantity
is also admitted and burned from a cock below, the gas passages through which
are surrounded with spaces, containing water, so that it is not affected by the heat
of the burning mixture of gas and air.
By the arrangement of apparatus described, the issuing gas is ignited and partly
burned when it meets the incoming air, its combustion being completed in the
inner pipe before it enters the roasting chamber through the apertures or passages
from such inner pipe. Suitable adjustable openings of any convenient kind may
be arranged for the proper ventilation of the chambers.
The transverse pipe below the baking oven is constructed in a somewhat similar
manner, and consists of an inner gas pipe contained within an outer pipe, the space
between them being filled with water, and the burning mixture of gas and air
being admitted into the space below the oven through small tubes or passages
communicating from the inner pipe across the intervening space and through the
outer pipe, and preserved from injury through the heat by means of the water
which surrounds them. In the space below the hot plate, between the lower side
of the latter and the top of the roasting chamber at one end of the stove and the
plate above the baking oven at the other end of the stove, I also arrange adjustable
heating apparatus consisting of transverse pipes, preferably two in number, and

page_text: each having an inner gas pipe contained in an outer pipe supplied with water, as in
the arrangements already described, the gas being admitted at one end of the pipe
where it mixes with incoming air and is partly burned, the combustion being
completed in the pipe, and the heat then passing into the space under the
hot plate through lateral passages passing through the water space between the
pipes.
The ends of the compound pipes which pass through the front of the stove are
provided with regulating cocks, preferably constructed in the following manner :-
The plugs of the several cocks are arranged in the same line and are connected
by compound pipes, consisting of an inner pipe through which gas is supplied from
a supply pipe at the end of the stove. Each plug and connecting pipe is also
surrounded with water spaces surrounding the gas spaces, and arranged so as to be
in constant communication with the similar water spaces which surround the
burner or orifice where the gas is ignited.
The outer end of the gas passage through the outer plug is stopped by a screw
or other convenient means whilst the outer pipe and water space are open and
communicate, with the intervention of a stuffing box of any ordinary kind, with
the interior of a vertical water pipe, preferably of thin metal, which is arranged at
the inner corner of the stove. The inner end of the compound pipe is provided with
a stuffing box fitting a water surrounded continuation of the plug of the next regu-
lating valve through which the gas accordingly constantly flows; and the inner
end of this second plug has a water surrounded passage provided with a stuffing
box fitting upon the end of the water surrounded gas supply pipe.
It will be seen that by the method of construction and arrangement described
each regulating cock can be turned and adjusted as required without interfering
with the flow of gas through the other cock or cocks, and at the same time water
can flow continuously through the passages surrounding the gas passages.
Handles
are provided for moving and adjusting the plugs.
Each of the inner corners of the stove is provided with a vertical water pipe,
preferably of thin metal, the two pipes being connected by a pipe provided with
stuffing boxes.
The pipe at the corner opposite to that already described is in communication
preferably with a horizontal pipe into sockets, upon which the outer ends of the
compound horizontal burner pipes are fitted so that their water spaces communicate
with and are supplied by the said horizontal pipe, the other end of which is
provided with a cock through which water is admitted to or withdrawn from the
system of water passages described.
A similar pipe from the same point also communicates across the inner end of
the stove with the water passage which surrounds the gas inlet pipe as already
described.
The joints of the several pipes are made where necessary with stuffing boxes to
prevent leakage, and the plugs of the regulating cocks are tightened up by means
of nuts upon their spindles, which at the same time draw the plugs into their
seats, and force packing into recesses left for the purpose round the spindles of the
plugs.
The vertical water vessels are also connected to the pipes by which water passes
to or from them.
Apparatus made as described may be of any convenient form or size, the number
of ovens, roasting or other chambers, and water cisterns being varied to suit
varying circumstances.
Water from the water cisterns may be made to supply and circulate through
baths or other vessels as required. Heating apparatus of the kind described may
be used for the purpose of heating by means of gas steam boilers of any description,
or other vessels.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Almon Henry Hearington in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
25th April 1882.
ALMON HENRY HEARINGTON, of 40, Southampton Buildings, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES FOR COOKING AND HEATING PURPOSES,
AND IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING SUCH STOVES, WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO
APPLICABLE TO HEATING STEAM BOILERS AND OTHER PURPOSES."
My present Invention relates to stoves heated by gas and used for the purpose
of cooking or for heating rooms, or for heating steam or other boilers or other
places. My Invention has for its objects novel methods of constructing and
arranging the several parts of stoves for such purposes, so that they are simple,
and cheaply, and easily made and put together, so that great heat can be obtained
with a comparatively small consumption of gas, whilst the heat can be very easily
regulated and distributed as required.
My Invention may be applied to stoves of various forms and dimensions, as will
be hereinafter described, but I will first assume that it is to be applied to a cooking
stove standing in a kitchen or other room, and having an exit for the products of
combustion to a convenient chimney, the stove being provided with a baking oven
at one end and a chamber for roasting at the other end, provision being also made
for heating pans or other cooking utensils upon a hot plate above, and for the
supply of hot water in sufficient quantity as required. The accompanying Drawing
is in illustration of my Invention, Figure 1 being a vertical longitudinal section,
and Figures 2 and 3 horizontal sections.
Such stove constructed according to my present Invention is preferably
rectangular in plan and of any desired height of cast iron or other suitable material,
the oven or baking chamber a being situated at either the inner or outer end of
the stove, as may be preferred, and the roasting chamber b at the other end.
Both these chambers are fitted with doors, the roasting chamber being preferably
provided with them both at its two sides and at its outer end, as shewn at c, and
these doors being preferably hinged at the bottom, so that when opened they fall
down and serve as supports upon which dishes or other utensils can be placed.
At a sufficient distance above the top of the oven and roasting chambers, arranged
in the way described, I make and fix a horizontal plate e, which serves as a hot
plate for keeping hot any cooking utensils or other vessels or articles placed upon
it, and it may also be provided with one or more openings, as shewn at f, into
which fit saucepans, kettles, or other vessels which are to be heated, the openings
being also provided with separate moveable covers.
This hot plate is heated in the way hereinafter described. In Figure 4 is shewn
on a smaller scale a plan of the top of the stove having several such openings.
At one or both ends of the baking oven, at the inner end of the stove, but
separated a short distance from the latter, I arrange a vertical water vessel
g, g', preferably rectangular in plan and of thin metal, such as copper, and
having its front and back edges and bottom fitted into and carried by suitable
corresponding ribs h, h, upon the plates which form the stove.
The upper edges of the water vessels reach nearly up to a horizontal plate i
which is fitted over the whole top of the stove a short distance below the hot
plate e already described, such horizontal plate forming itself the top of the
roasting chamber 6, but having a space left between itself and the top of the
baking oven a. A space is also left below the bottom of the oven a between it
and a horizontal plate k, which forms the bottom of the stove and of the roasting
chamber, but it is raised some distance from the floor upon which the stove stands

page_text: by feet or other supports l, l. The plate k may have openings to receive cooking
utensils.
A horizontal heating pipe m, constructed and arranged in the manner herein-
after described, passes transversely across the stove in the space below the bottom
of the oven a, the currents of heat from it being separated and directed, as shewn,
by the arrows toward the ends of the oven, and thence rising up between such
ends and the vertical water vessels above described, one of the currents passing
back over the top of the oven a and uniting with the other current, and the two
passing over and down the outer side of the inner water vessel g, and through one
or more openings n into a space o contained in the inner end of the stove, the
upper end of which space communicates with the space below the hot plate e
above described, and with any convenient chimney at p.
The roasting chamber b at the other or outer end of the stove is heated by gas
burned with air in a compound vertical pipe which is arranged inside it,
preferably in a recess formed in it at or near the centre of the stove. This
compound pipe consists of an inner gas pipe 1 contained in an outer pipe 2 of
larger diameter, the space between them containing water.
The upper end of the inner gas pipe 1 is closed, and a sufficient number of short
pipes 3, 3, 3, or passages open from it and through the intervening water space and
the outer pipe 2 into the roasting chamber b. At the lower end of the compound
pipe, below the bottom of the stove, transverse air openings 4, 4, are made into the
inner gas pipe, into which gas in regulated quantity is also admitted and burned
from a cock 5 below, the gas passages through which cock are surrounded with
chambers or spaces 6 containing water, so that the cock is not injuriously affected
by the heat of the burning mixture of gas and air.
By the arrangement of apparatus described, the issuing gas is ignited and partly
burned when it meets the incoming air at the apertures 4, 4, its combustion being
afterwards completed in the inner pipe before it enters the roasting chamber
through the water surrounded apertures or passages 3, 3, 3, from such inner pipes 1.
Suitable adjustable openings of any convenient kind may be arranged for the
proper ventilation of the chamber.
The transverse pipe m below the baking oven is constructed in a somewhat
similar manner, and consists of an inner gas pipe 7 contained within an outer pipe 8,
the space between them being filled with water and the burning mixture of gas and
air being admitted into the space below the oven through small tubes or passages
communicating from the inner pipe across the intervening water space and through
the outer pipe, and preserved from injury through the heat by means of the water
which surrounds them. A similar compound heating apparatus is also shown at s
in a chamber below the roasting chamber b.
In the space below the hot plate e, between the lower side of the latter and the
top of the roasting chamber at one end of the stove, and the plate i above the
baking oven at the other end of the stove, I also arrange adjustable heating
apparatus t and of a similar kind, consisting of transverse pipes, preferably two
in number, and each having an inner gas pipe contained in an outer pipe supplied
with water in a manner similar to that in the arrangements already described, the
gas being admitted at one end of the pipe, where it mixes with air entering at 9, 9,
and is partly burned, the combustion being completed in the pipe, and the heat
then passing into the space under the hot plate e through lateral water surrounded
tubes or passages 10, 10, passing through the water space between the two pipes.
The ends of the compound pipes which pass through the front of the stove are
provided with regulating cocks 11, 11, preferably constructed in the following
manner: The conical plugs 12, 12, of the several cocks are arranged in the same
line and are connected by means of compound pipes, each consisting of an inner
pipe 13, 13, through which gas is supplied from a supply pipe 14 at the end of the
stove. Each plug and connecting pipe is also surrounded with water spaces 15, 15,
surrounding the gas spaces, and arranged so as to be in constant communication

page_text: with similar water spaces which surround the burner or orifice where the gas is
ignited.
The outer end of the gas passage through the outer plug is stopped by a screw 16
or other convenient means, whilst the outer pipe and water space are open and
communicate with the intervention of a stuffing box of any ordinary kind, with the
interior of a vertical water pipe v, preferably of thin metal, which is arranged at
the inner corner of the stove. The inner end of the compound pipe is provided
with a stuffing box fitting and connected with a water surrounded continuation of
the plug 15 of the next regulating valve through which the gas accordingly can
constantly flow; and the inner end of this second plug has a water surrounded
passage provided with a similar stuffing box fitting upon the end of the water
surrounded gas supply pipe 14. It will be seen that by the method of construction
and arrangement described each regulating cock can be turned and adjusted as
required without interfering with the flow of gas through the other cock or cocks,
and at the same time water can flow continuously through the passages surrounding
the gas passages. Suitable handles are provided for moving and adjusting the
plugs.
The opposite inner corner of the stove is also provided with a vertical water
pipe w, preferably of thin metal, which is in communication with a horizontal
pipe fitted with sockets y, z, in which the outer ends of the compound horizontal
burner pipes t, u, already described, are fitted so that their water spaces communi-
cate with and are supplied by the said horizontal pipe x, the other end of which
is provided with a cock at A through which water can be admitted or withdrawn
from the system of water passages described.
A similar pipe B from the same point also communicates across the inner end of
the stove with the water passage which surrounds the gas inlet pipe 14, as already
described.
The joints between the several pipes are made where necessary with stuffing
boxes to prevent leakage, and the plugs of the regulating cocks are tightened up
by means of screwed nuts upon their spindles which at the same time draw the
conical plugs into their seats, and force packing into recesses left for the purpose
round the spindles of the plugs.
The vertical water vessels g, g', are also connected to the pipes, by which water
passes to or from them.
Apparatus made as described may be of any convenient form or size, the number
of ovens, roasting or other chambers, and water cisterns being varied to suit
varying circumstances.
Water from the water cistern may be made to supply and circulate through baths
or other vessels as required. Heating apparatus of the kind described may be used
for the purpose of heating by means of gas steam boilers of any description, or
other vessels.
My Invention may be applied to a great number of other kinds of heating
apparatus as well as to that shewn in the Drawing. For instance, it may be applied
to a vertical stove for heating rooms or other places, a sufficient number of the
vertical compound heating pipes with water surrounded spaces being arranged
preferably in a circular form in chambers which are thus heated, and from which
the heat is diffused.
I do not therefore claim the precise form and arrangement of apparatus as described
and shewn in the Drawings, which may be modified and varied to suit varying
circumstances, but I claim,
The compound burners, consisting of an inner tube or chamber, into which air
and gas are admitted, an outer tube or chamber containing water, and tubes or
passages passing through such water space into the place to be heated, substantially
as described and shewn.
Also in combination with such compound burners the openings and regulating
cock or valve surrounded by spaces containing water, and through which air and

page_text: gas are admitted and burned in the compound burner. Also the regulating cocks
or valves through which gas is admitted to the compound burnera, having water
spaces surrounding them where necessary, and arranged so that each can be
operated independently of the others, substantially as and for the purpose described
and shewn.
Also the novel general arrangement and combination of the parts of the heating
apparatus, substantially as described and shewn.
In witness whereof, I, the said Almon Henry Hearington, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this 24th day of April, in the year of our Lord 1882.
ALMON HENRY HEARINGTON. (L.S.)
ALMON HENRY HEARINGTON. (L.S.)