IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS AND PLOUGHSHARES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Hornsby, of Honington Hall, in the County of
Lincoln, Agricultural Engineer, and Isaac Trolley, of Spittlegate, in the
County of Lincoln, Mechanic, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PLOUGHS AND PLOUGHSHARES.”
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Hornsby and Isaac
Trolley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th January
1882.
JAMES HORNSBY of Honington Hall in the County of Lincoln, Agricultural
Engineer and ISAAC TROLLEY of Spittlegate in the County of Lincoln Mechanic.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS AND PLOUGHSHARES."
This Invention has for its object improvements in ploughs and ploughshares.
Ploughshares as is well known are formed with sockets to fit a corresponding
nose or block upon the plough.
The top of the nose or block is at present made flat or smooth and the upper
side of the socket in the share is of like form the one being made to fit to the
other.
Now according to our Invention we form longitudinal ridges upon the top of the
nose or block and corresponding grooves in the upper part of the socket of the
share.
We prefer that the ridges should be of a rounded form.
There may be a ridge along each side or edge of the nose or block rounding off
the corners and there may be also an intermediate ridge or ridges.
The nose or block, is as is usual, taper from back to front and the ridges may
either be parallel or radiate from a point at some distance in advance of the fore
end of the nose or block.
The grooves in the socket of the share are the counterpart of the ridges upon
the nose or block.
The advantages of this construction are as follows.
The ridges and grooves tend to keep the share steady in its place on the nose
or block and to prevent lateral shake.

page_text: Also regarding the share separately the Invention admits of the top of the share
socket being cast lighter than at present notwithstanding the sluggish nature of
the metal in which plough shares are cast because the ridges between the grooves
in the socket serve as ducts to distribute the metal. Besides the rounded forms
given to the top angles of the socket are favourable to the flow of the metal and to
the strength of the share when cast.
For cutting drains in grass land we employ a plough having two knife or wheel-
coulters adjustable laterally as well as vertically set at a distance apart and
inclined. These cut the two sides of a drain and the bottom is cut by a plough
share placed between them. Thus the slice is detached and it is raised to the
surface by an inclined mould board and laid on one side.
Such ploughs may be made on the turnwrest principle in order that the slice
may be laid at pleasure at either side of the implement.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Hornsby and Isaac Trolley in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 15th July 1882.
JAMES HORNSBY of Honington Hall in the County of Lincoln, Agricultural
Engineer and ISAAC TROLLEY of Spittlegate in the County of Lincoln Mechanic.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS AND PLOUGH SHARES."
This Invention has for its object improvements in ploughs and plough shares.
Plough shares as is well known are formed with sockets to fit a corresponding
nose or block upon the plough.
The top of the nose or block is at present made flat or smooth and the upper
side of the socket in the share is of like form the one being made to fit to the
other.
•
Now according to our Invention we form longitudinal ridges upon the top of
the nose or block and corresponding grooves in the upper part of the socket of the
share.
We prefer that the ridges should be of a rounded form.
There may be a ridge along each side or edge of the noze or block rounding off
the corners and there may be also an intermediate ridge or ridges.
The nose or block is, as is usual, taper from back to front and the ridges may
either be parallel or radiate from a point at some distance in advance of the fore
end of the nose or block.
The grooves in the socket of the share are the counterpart of the ridges upon
the nose or block.
The advantages of this construction are as follows:-
The ridges and grooves tend to keep the share steady in its place on the noze
or block and to prevent lateral shake.
Also regarding the share separately the Invention admits of the top of the share
socket being cast lighter than at present notwithstanding the sluggish nature of
the metal in which plough shares are cast because the ridges between the grooves
in the socket serve as ducts to distribute the metal. Besides the rounded forms
given to the top angles of the socket are favourable to the flow of the metal and
to the strength of the share when cast.
For cutting drains in grass land we employ a plough having two knife or wheel
coulters adjustable laterally as well as vertically set at a distance apart and
inclined. These cut the two sides of a drain and the bottom is cut by a plough
share placed between them. Thus the slice is detached and it is raised to the
surface by an inclined mould board and laid on one side.
Such ploughs may be made on the turnwrest principle in order that the slice
may be laid at pleasure to either side of the implement.
In order that our said Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect we will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a plan and Figure 2 is a rear elevation of a plough share formed in
accordance with our Invention. In Figure 2 also the nose or block which receives
the share is represented in transverse section. Figure 3 is a longitudinal section
of the share and the nose or block taken upon the line 1. 1. in Figures 1 and 2,
a. a. are ridges on either side of the nose or block rounding off its upper corners
and a'. a'. are two intermediate ridges.
:

page_text: It is preferred that the grooves and ridges should have curved forms and that
the land side of the nose and of the socket of the share should be without ridges
and grooves, but these conditions may be departed from, thus Figures 4 and 5
indicate other forms which may be employed. If the form shewn by Figure 4 be
adopted the ridges and grooves must be parallel.
'
Figure 6 is a side elevation and Figure 7 is a plan of a portion of a plough
suitable for cutting drains in grass land. Figure 8 shews a front elevation of the
coulters. a is the plough beam, it is provided with the usual yokes and draft
head, but these are not represented in the Drawings. b. b. are wheels to run on
c. c. are wheel .coulters, adjustable
the land and support the front of the beam.
Knife coulters may be substi-
both in respect to their inclination and distance.
tuted for wheel coulters and the method of adjustment may be varied; but wheel
coulters are employed by preference and the means for adjustment represented in
d. is the share which detaches the slice at the
the Drawings are convenient.
bottom and e is the mould board by which it is raised and laid on the side.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention and the manner of
performing the same we would have it understood that we claim :-
First. The construction of plough shares with ridges and grooves within the
socket.
Second. The construction of the nose of a plough or the block upon which the
share is received with ridges and grooves.
Third. The construction of drain cutting ploughs with two coulters cutting the
two sides of the drain, a share detaching the slice at the bottom, and a mould
board, raising it and laying it on the side, substantially as described.
Fourth. The use in such ploughs of two adjustable wheel coulters.
In witness whereof I the said James Hornsby have hereunto set my hand
and seal this Thirteenth day of July in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty two.
TAMES HORNSRY (LS)
5