Improvements in Rolling or Forming Articles of Metal, and in Machinery or Apparatus Employed therein.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Feb., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 7th Nov., 1893-Accepted, 13th Jan, 1894 1
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Rolling or Forming Articles of Metal, and in
Machinery or Apparatus Employed therein.
We CHARLES JOSEPH GREEN of 53 Moorgate Road Rotherham, in the County
of York, Steel Works Manager, and HENRY GREEN of Butterthwaite, in the
Parish of Ecclesfield, in the County of York, Steel Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
. The object of this invention is to form articles such as railway axles, bicycle
axles, lathe spindles, or any other articles of various longitudinal configuration, but
having circular cross-sectional area, and with even or varying concentric diameters;
by means of a new and improved rolling mill or machine, having three rolls or
rollers, the axes of all of which may be parallel, or the axes of any two of them may
be parallel, the axis of the third roller being either parallel or at an angle to the
axes of the other rollers, substantially as described hereafter.
The three rollers may be in such a position that, their axes being parallel, lines.
drawn between the centres of their axes would describe an equilateral triangle; or
one or more roller or rollers may be moved by any suitable mechanism, so that, the..
axes of the three rollers being parallel, lines drawn between the centres of their
axes would describe an isosceles triangle, substantially as described at (D).
(D). Pressure may be applied by hydraulics or other means to one or more of
the rollers for the purpose of varying the space between the peripheries of the
rollers, and consequently varying the diameter of the article operated upon, the
degree of pressure being adjusted as required, whether the work be parallel, or of
varying diameters.
(E). By means of any suitable mechanism, one of the rollers may be so twisted,
or turned about, in either direction, that it's axis may be at any angle to the axes of
the other two rollers, the axis of the twisting roller moving in a plane parallel to
the plane of the axes of the other two rollers, but in such a way that it's actual
centre would be always situate in a plane passing through the actual centres of the
other two rollers and at right angles to their axes.
When a piece of material of suitable section and malleability is placed in position
between the three rollers, it's weight being partially supported and steadied, if
desired, by adjustable tables or other contrivance, the rollers being caused to
revolve, and being in contact with the material to be operated, the latter will be
rotated by the faces of the revolving rollers, and pressure being applied substantially
as described (D), the diameter of the article operated upon may be reduced more
or less and varied as required.
When one or more of the rollers is turned, or twisted, substantially as
described (E), the article operated will be made to move in the direction of it's
length either backward or forward so that it may be worked upon if desired over
it's entire length.
The pressure may be applied to one roller and the twisting motion to another, or
either or both of these motions may be applied to any or all of the rollers.
By the means substantially as described, the article to be operated may be caused
to revolve rapidly, to move lengthwise either backward or forward as required, and
to receive pressure for regulating-or varying it's diameter, at one and the same
time...
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Improvements in Rolling or Forming Articles of Metal, and in
Machinery or Apparatus Employed therein.
We CHARLES JOSEPH GREEN of 53 Moorgate Road Rotherham and HENRY
GREEN of Butterthwaite Ecclesfield, near Sheffield in the County of York Rolling
Mills Manager and Steel Manufacturer respectively do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object to approximately form railway axles, bicycle
axles, lathe spindles and other articles of various longitudinal configuration, but
having circular cross sectional area, and with even or varying concentric diameters,
such as are now forged out under the hammer and afterwards turned to the required
shape.
The invention is best set forth by the aid of the accompanying drawings, in
which :-
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a mill constructed according to our invention:
Figure 2, a side elevation of the same :
Figures 3, 4 and 5 are elevations of a portion of the mill, showing the top rolier
in three different positions: and
Figures 6 and 7, horizontal sections through the lines x x, y y, respectively, of
Figure 1.
In these-
A B and C are narrow rollers. Rollers B and C run in fixed bearings bc
which are preferably adjustable laterally by set screws, while roller A rotates in
bearings a, adjustable also not merely vertically but also, to some extent, capable
of rotation round a fixed vertical axis z. These three rollers may be in such a
position that, their axes being parallel, lines drawn between the centres of their axes
would describe an equilateral triangle, or, if one be moved away, such as the top
one A being moved vertically, lines drawn between the centres would then describe an
isosceles triangle. The bearings a are carried by the cylinder D, and the latter is
caused to move up and down on the ram E actuated by hydraulic. power, so as to
press the roller A with any required force and to any required extent down on to
the rollers BC. The ram E is fixed to a plate e by nut el, the plate being fastened
to the bed plate F and further secured by strong bolts G. Attached to the
cylinder D or forming part thereof is a segmental pinion d extending its whole
length for purposes hereinafter described. F is a rack adapted to engage this
pinion d and to partially rotate the cylinder D, say, through from 10 to 15 degrees
maximum. This is done by means of a piston working in a hydraulic cylinder G
(shown more particularly in Figure 6) the latter being secured to the bed plate F by
bolts f. H is a frame encircling cylinder D (supported by rods G and frame F)
and His a projection therefrom, which serves to guide the rack F¹ in its backward
and forward movement. I are brasses in which the outside part of cylinder D
works, and J set screws for regulating the same, the latter working in square
nuts K which are held by recess in casting H. L is the piece of metal being
rolled.
The mode of action is as follows:-
The ingot, bar, or other approximately round piece of iron or steel L is placed
in the space between the three rollers A B and C, and the roller A is forced down
by hydraulic pressure on to the metal to the required extent. The two rollers B
and C are now made to revolve in the same direction, being driven by pinions on
their shafts bc or other suitable gearing (only one or all three shafts can be driven
by pinions if desired). These cause the bar of metal L also to revolve, and, if the
roller A be slowly brought nearer to the other rollers, the diameter of the bar will

page_text: be reduced, its revolution keeping it circular in section. If the axes of the rollers.
be kept parallel as shown in Figure 4, the bar L will be merely turned in the
direction of its circumference and will not move in the direction of its length, but, if
the movable roiler A be turned or twisted about its centre in either direction as
shown in Figures 3 and 5, by means of the rack F as hereinbefore described, the
bar will travel in the direction of its length and also of its circumference, either
backwards or forwards according to the position given to the top roller A (as shown
by the arrows in Figures 3 and 5) so as to be worked upon over its entire length.
It will be evident that, if desired, the pressure may be applied to one roller and the
twisting motion to another, or either or both of these motions may be applied to any
or all of the rollers, the chief object of this invention being that the article being
worked may be caused to revolve rapidly, to move lengthwise either backward or
forward as required, and to receive pressure for regulating or varying its diameter
at one and the same time. The cylinder D, as before mentioned, is provided with
teeth along its whole length and will be actuated by the rack F whatever elevation.
the cylinder may have. For supporting and steadying the bar when being worked,
adjustable tables, preferably V-shaped in section, may be employed, lines M on the
drawing show their position, the exact form of table not being shown as it forms.
no part of this invention, the valves of the hydraulic cylinders also are not shown,
as they are of the ordinary well known type. It will also be obvious that the
movable roller A could he fixed to the ram E iustead of to the cylinder D, and the
latter be fixed whilst the ram is moved up and down:
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The improvement in rolling or forming articles of metal, which consists in
rolling them to varying diameters in their length by rolling them between three-
rolls such as described and varying the angle at which one of them stands to the
other two and its distance from them during the rolling, as required.
2. In apparatus for rolling or forming articles of metal, the combination of two-
parallel rolls having only the usual adjustment and a third and preferably very
narrow roll having an adjustment vertically to the plane of the axes of the other
two and a rotary adjustment substantially parallel to the plane of the axes of the
other two rolls.
3. In apparatus for rolling or forming articles of metal, the combination of two
parallel rolls with a third roll having bearings carried on a "to and fro” adjust-
ment device provided with radial adjustment mechanism actuating it in a plane at.
right angles to the "to and fro " adjustment.
4. In a three roll apparatus for rolling or forming metals, a roll carried in.
bearings on a stout ram whose axis is at right angles to the axis of the rolls, a
device for giving longitudinal movement and pressure as required to said ram, and
gearing for rotating said ram when and to the degree required for the purposes.
described.
5. The mechanism for rolling or forming metals to varying diameters in their
length constructed and arranged substantially as described.
Dated this 6th day of November 1893.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of Liverpool, Manchester, Nottingham, and London, Patent Agents.