Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Apr., 1887.
Complete Left, 14th June, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 15th July, 1887.
I, JAMES MACTEAR, of Westminster, in the County of Middlesex, Chemical Expert
and Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said-Invention to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improved means of igniting the gas or gaseous mixture of
Bunsen burners, the same being specially applicable to the system or systems of gas
lighting in which the luminosity of the flame is principally dependent upon the
incandescence of a suitable foreign body exposed to and heated by the gas flame,
the special objects of the Invention being to obviate the necessity of separately igniting
each light as effected at present, and the danger of shattering such incandescent
material which is generally in the form of a fine fabric, by the slight explosion which
ensues consequent upon the ignition of the gas or gaseous mixture as at present
effected; by the provision of means which will be effective as a pilot jet in auto-
matically igniting the gas or gaseous mixture at the time of turning on the latter to
supply the burner.
To this end the Invention consists in the application to or combination with Bunsen
burners of means for leading an independent supply of gas from the cock or tap
controlling the inlet of the gas to the air or mixing chamber of the burner, to the
outlet of the burner, and in so adapting and combining the parts to which such means are
applied as that such independent supply or pilot jet of gas is turned on and ignited or
is more fully turned on as the ordinary supply to the burner is cut off, and as that
such independent supply of gas is cut off or lowered, as the ordinary supply to the
burner is turned on and after it is ignited by the said pilot jet.
The Invention may be carried into effect in various equivalent ways, but according
to an arrangement which possesses the advantage of simplicity the said independent
supply is conveyed from the said controlling tap to the said outlet part by means of a

page_text: pipe or tube of small bore which passes through the burner and preferably projects
into the cone which is used to deflect the flame against the surrounding network of
the said incandescent material, the cone being hollowed and perforated for the purpose
of emitting the said pilot jet of gas and flame, and the plug of the tap or cock being
so formed as to communicate with the said tube, or if required only when the tap is
turned off from communication with the said mixing chamber of the burner.
According to other modifications of the Invention, the said independent supply of
gas to the outlet of the burner may be led from the gas supply pipe instead of from
the said controlling cock or tap, and in such case provision may be afforded by an
independent tap or like controlling device for manipulating the pilot jet as may be
necessary.
Dated this 19th dow of Anvil 1007.
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
321, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in or Applicable to Gas Burners.
I, JAMES MACTEAR, of Westminster, in the County of Middlesex, Chemical Expert
and Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This Invention relates to the system of gas lighting in which the luminosity is
dependent upon the incandescence of a suitable refractory body with which a hood,
cap or mantle made of a fine fabric is impregnated, and which is exposed to and
heated by the gaseous flame issuing from a burner of the general construction
hereinafter described, the object of the Invention being to combine with such burner
or with any connected series thereof improved means of automatically igniting the
gaseous mixture issuing therefrom so as to obviate the necessity of separately igniting
each light as effected at present, and the danger of shattering such incandescent
material by the slight explosion which ensues consequent upon the ignition of the
gaseous mixture as at present effected.
To this end the Invention consists essentially in the application to or combination
with such burner or burners of the improved means berein described for leading a
separate supply of gas as a pilot jet or jets to a point centrally of the outlet of the
burner or of each burner of a series thereof, from an independent pipe under inde-
pendent control, or from the main supplying the gas burner or burners, being in such
case either, under the control of the cock controlling the supply of gas to the air or
mixing chamber of the burner or burners so that the jet or jets may be lowered or
turned off as the ordinary supply to the burner or burners is turned on and after the
gaseous mixture issuing from the latter has been ignited thereby, and so that the jet
or jets may be turned more fully on, or if turned off may be turned on and ignited
from the burner or burners as the supply to the latter is turned off, or, provided with
its own tap or controlling device so that it may be turned up or down or out if and
as may be desired, so that when once lit such jet or jets will or may for as long as
required remain ready to serve its or their intended purpose immediately the supply
is turned on to the burner or burners; separate provision being made in each case for
independently regulating each pilot jet as hereinafter described.
On the accompanying drawings Figs. 1, and, 2, represent in sectional elevation gas
burning devices constructed and adapted in accordance with the present improvements,
Fig. 3, represents a general view.
4, represents an elongated mixing tube into which gas and air respectively enter
at, 5, and,. 6, the flow of gas inducing a following of air in a manner usual in Bunsen
burners. 7, represents the outlet of the burner which is formed with a series of
radial openings, 8, or with wire gauze, 8, at its top part through which the gaseous
mixture is emitted, and where it is ignited, being deflected. by a central cone, 9,
against a surrounding or superposed refractory hood, cap or mantle, 10, which is or
may be supported by the rod, 11, or in any other suitable manner. The supply of
gas to the burner is derived from a main, 12, and is regulated by a cock, 13, shown
in Figs. 1, and, 2, on the accompanying drawings in immediate connection with the
mixing chamber of one burner; though as will be understood from Fig. 3, it may be
used to control the supply of gas to an intermediate tube, 14, supplying a series of
burners.

page_text: 9.
15, represents pipes of small bore of which one is provided for each burner for the
purpose of leading the said separate supply of gas to the pilot jet thereof, and which
pipe passes through the mixing chamber of the burner and projects into the cone,
which is hollowed for the purpose of emitting the said pilot jet of gas or flame, and
may serve as a guard thereto.
Each of such pipes, 15, may lead from an independent supply pipe, 16, or may
obtain its supply from the main, 12, supplying the burner or burners which pipe, 16,
may be provided with a tap, 17, so that the gas supply to the jet or jets may be
regulated irrespective of the manipulation of the supply to the burner or burners, or
may be under the control of the cock, 13, vide Fig. 2, the cock in such case being
provided with an additional bye pass, 18, preferably of a curvilinear formation so as
to let more or less gas pass in accordance with its position, or being otherwise
equivalently formed so that the gas supply to the burner or burners and to the pilot
jet or jets may be controlled, or manipulated by the same cock, 13, or the supply to
the jet or jets may pass through an annular or other additional through way in the
cock, 13, without being manipulated thereby.
In each case provision is also made by means of a screw or like arrangement, 19,
for separately controlling the gas supply to each separate pilot jet.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is.
1. In combination, a Bunsen burner composed of an elongated mixing chamber, 4,
adapted with gas and air inlets at, 5, and, 6, respectively, and with a perforated or
gauze outlet, 8, for the emission and ignition of the gaseous mixture at its top, and
with the supported hood, cap or mantle, 10, composed of fabric impregnated with
suitable refractory material to be heated to incandescence by the ignition of such
gaseous mixture; a cone, 9, adapted for spreading or deflecting the flame of the
gaseous mixture against the said hood, cap or mantle and hollowed for the emission
of a central pilot jet of gas; and a tube, 15, arranged centrally of such elongated
chamber and burner and extending nearly to, to or beyond the outlet of the said cone
and conveying thereto a separate supply of gas under control of a cock, 17, inde-
pendent of the cock, 13, regulating the supply of gas to the burner or burners, and
adapted with a screw or equivalent means, 19, for independently controlling the pilot
jet, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figs. 1, and, 3, of the
accompanying drawings.
2. In combination, a Bunsen burner composed of an elongated mixing chamber, 4,
adapted with gas and air inlets at, 5, and, 6, respectively, and with a perforated or
gauze outlet, 8, for the emission and ignition of the gaseous mixture at its top, and
with the supported hood, cap or mantle, 10, composed of fabric impregnated with
suitable refractory material to be heated to incandescence by the ignition of such
gaseous mixture; a cone, 9, adapted for spreading or deflecting the flame of the
gaseous mixture against the said hood, cap or mantle and hollowed for the emission of
a central pilot jet of gas; and a tube, 15, arranged centrally of such elongated
chamber and burner, and extending nearly to, to or beyond the outlet of the said cone
and conveying thereto a separate supply of gas under the control of the same cock, 13,
as that regulating the supply of gas to the burner or burners, and adapted with a
screw or equivalent means, 19, for independently controlling the pilot jet, substantially
as hereinbefore described with reference to Fig. 2, of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 4th day of June 1887
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
321, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.