Improvements in Vehicle Brakes.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Vehicle Brakes.
FREDERIC ERNEST CATLING, 5, Bouverie Street, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Photo Etcher, THOMAS JAMES PARKINSON, Printer, 9, Romola Road, Herne
Hill, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
A new or improved simple and most efficient mode of and arrangement of
mechanism for connecting a brake to vehicles drawn by horses such brake being
worked from the breeching and being connected by a metal clasp into the horses
breeching and the leather from such clasp moves round two pulleys underneath
each shaft the ends of each leather strap running underneath each shaft till each
end is fixed into a small staple which is linked into another staple which is attached
or fixed into a small lever forming portion of the iron running in one piece at
right angles to each shaft and which iron rests on a support outside & inside each
shaft & is provided with the brakes which are then worked by the horses own
backward movement.
The brake can also be worked by a pulley being fixed underneath the two shafts
just below the girth strap by the straps being brought up from the back of the
vehicle and attached to the levers there in the same manner as the preceding
method & being attached to the girth strap by a clasp in the same manner as the
straps are attached to the breeching & worked by the horses own backward move-
ment.
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FREDERIC ERNEST CATLING, 31, Barrington Road, Brixton, S.W., Engraver,
THOMAS JAMES PARKINSON, 9, Romola Road, Herne Hill, S.E., Printer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
Our invention consists of an improvement in brakes more particularly adapted
for use in conjunction with vehicles drawn by draft animals, and comprises essen-
tially a vehicle brake adapted for attachment to the axle part of the forward
running gear of the vehicle as will be described more fully hereinafter and shewn
in the accompanying drawings.

page_text: Fig. 1 is a general view of the brake attached to a two wheeled cab. The
shaft (a) to which is attached the brake lever (b and 6) also the levers (c and c¹)
also the lever (d) and the side steps (e and e¹) all forming one solid and having
its bearings at (f and f¹) in the stay brackets on each side of the vehicle.
Pulleys (g and g¹) are linked one underneath each shaft. Now a chain or any
other suitable substitute (and ¹) is attached to the lever c and one to the lever c³.
These chains (so called hereinafter) are moving over the pulleys g and g¹ respec-
tively such chains having a ring or clasp, and i, at the ends. These rings or
clasps are strapped on each side to the breeching or part of the harness connected
therewith. Now if the animal is drawing the vehicle the chains h and h¹ are
released and the brake is drawn out of action by the spring k, which is attached
to the lever c and to a convenient part of the vehicle. Another spring may be
also attached to the lever c¹ in the same manner. Now if the vehicle is travelling
down an incline at a greater speed than that at which the animal is travelling the
breeching coming in contact with the aforesaid animal will pull the chains h
and and thereby pull the levers c and c¹ forward and bring the spoon of the
brake lever in contact with the wheel. The advantage of the side steps being
attached to the brake shaft, as shewn in Fig. 1 is in order that a passenger when
either entering or alighting from the vehicle may apply the brake by means of
his own weight when stepping on either one of the side steps. When it becomes
necessary to back the vehicle the lever d which is connected to a chain or other
suitable substitute as shewn in Fig. 1 and is led over guide pulleys connected
with a foot lever on the drivers box as shewn in Fig. 1, then comes in action.
The driver pressing his foot on to the foot lever and holding it thereon draws
back the lever and keeps the break out of action.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 and Fig. 3 represent an attachment of the brake
to a forward running gear of a four wheeled vehicle, with single pole suitable for
two animals. The brake in its action is practically the same as that described
in connection with Fig. 1 and Fig. 1. To the shaft (a) is attached a lever (c)
forming a fork, the single part of which is the uppermost, passing through a slot
in the shaft, and its fork ends being a fixture on the shaft (a) and its lower ends
being a fixture to a shaft (m) which carries the brake spoons (n) the whole forming
one solid. The shaft (a) has its bearings in a frame (o) connected partly to the
axle and partly to the forearm to which the pole is attached. The lever c is
provided at its upper end with a latch hook (p) and the chain (g) or other suitable
substitute, is attached to the top end of lever c running over and up to the
front end of the pole and there moving over a pulley which is working in a slot
and pivotted in the front end of the pole. A guide bar (r) is attached to and
underneath the pole. Three rings (s) are linked together one of which slides on
the bar (r) for guidance and the other two, one on each side of the pole, for the
purpose of coupling. To the centre of the three rings is attached the other end
of the chain g. Now when the harness (in connection with the breeching) is
coupled to the rings (s) and the vehicle is travelling down an incline (as herein-
before described) the breeching coming in contact with the animals will pull the
chaing and thereby pull the lever a forward and bring the spoon of the brake lever
in contact with the wheel. Now if the animals are drawing the vehicle the
chain is released and the brake is drawn out of action by the spring which
is attached to the lever c and the pole. In the case of backing the vehicle a
plate (t) is hinged to the pole having a hole in its front end to receive the hook p
and on the driver relieving the chain u which is attached to a lever v and to a
hand or foot lever on the drivers seat, the plate t will drop on to the shaft and
over the hook and so lock the brake out of action, thereby enabling the driver
to lead his horses by their heads for the purpose of backing without having regard
to the brake. By pulling the chain and thereby the lever, will raise the
plate out of lock and set the brake free for automatic action. Guide pulleys lead-
ing the chain u are pivotted on to the cross pole or spring in such manner as to
lead the chain u over the centre on which the forward running gear is turned as

page_text: shewn in Fig. 3, thereby avoiding a difference in the length of the chain u when
the vehicle is turning.
Fig. 1 is a general view of the brake applied to a two wheeled cab.
Fig. 1 is a broken side view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 2, Fig. 2 are broken side views, partly sectioned, of the forward running
gear of a four wheeled vehicle, with single pole suitable for two animals.
Fig. 3, Fig. 3 are broken plans thereof.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is: -
_
(1) The brake and its actions in the manner described and illustrated in Fig. 1
and Fig. 1 in the accompanying drawings.
(2) The attachment of the side steps to the brake shaft for the purpose and in
the manner described and shewn in Fig. 1.
(3) The locking of the brake out of action as described and illustrated in Fig. 2
and Fig. 3 in the accompanying drawings.
(4) The front arrangement for acting upon the brake as described and illustrated
in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3* in accompanying drawings.
(5) The leading of the chain u over the centre on which the forward running
gear is turned as shewn in Fig. 3.
Dated this 28th day of April 1898.
FREDERIC ERNEST CATLING.
THOMAS JAMES PARKINSON.