Improvements in the Manufacture of an Oil, and of a Varnish Prepared therefrom.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Dec., 1895-Accepted, 29th Feb., 1896
(COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of an Oil, and of a Varnish
Prepared therefrom.
רדי
LOUIS KNOCHE of Hamm in the Gerinan Empire Manufacturer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to an improved oil for finishing wood etc., and for use as a
substitute for linseed-oil or cotton seed-oil, and it also consists in the process of
producing said oil.
"
The manner of producing my improved oil or product is as follows: 1 use the
oil pressed from the berries of a tree known botanically, under the name of
"Aleurites cordata or "Elaeococca vernicia" or "Dryandra cordata" and grown
in the Eastern portion of Asia, particularly on the Philippine Islands, Sunda Isles
an Molucca Islands, and known more commonly under the name of "Abura
giri" or "woodoil" I take about two hundred pounds of this oil and boil the same
in a kettle or container until it acquires a temperature of about 205° Centigrade,
and maintain the heated oil at this temperature for about three hours for the
purpose of rendering the oil heavier, and thereby conferring greater body upon the
oil. I then take the kettle or container from the fire and allow the oil to cool
down to about 180° Centigrade, and after the temperature of the heated oil has
been reduced to the extent indicated, I add a suitable quantity of reducer, such for
instance, as naphta or spirits of turpentine, to the oil and stir the reducer in and
thereby thoroughly mix the same with the oil. The reducer is for the purpose of
rendering the oil capable of flowing more readily. I prefer to add a quantity of
reducer equal in weight to about one third of the weight of the oil, and hence I
would add from sixty-five to seventy pounds of the reducer to the quantity of oil
herein before mentioned. I would, however, remark that one third of the reducer
should be luke-warm, that is, have a temperature of about 60° Centigrade,-aud
should be added first and when the luke-warm reducer has been mixed with
the oil the remainder of the reducer, in its natural state, that is, without first
requiring to be beated is added and mixed with the partially reduced oil.
My improved oil, in its application, is superior to linseed-oil and cotton seed-oil,
in that it is much more durable, and confers a superior finish and greater brilliancy
to the surface to which it is applied.
My invention further relates to an improved oil compound for use in finishing
and imparting a brilliancy to surfaces, and for use as a substitute for linseed-oil
and cotton seed-oil; and it also consists in the process of producing said
compound.
2
The manner of producing my improved oil compound is as follows: I use the
oil pressed from the berries of a tree known botanically under the name of
"Aleurites cordata" or "Elaeococca vernicia" or "Dryandra cordata" and grown
in the Eastern part of Asia, particularly on the Philippine Islands, Sunda Isles
and Molucca Islands and known more commonly under the name of "Abura giri"
or "woodoil."
To two hundred pounds of this oil, in its raw or untreated condition, I add one-
half as much or one hundred pounds of raw or untreated linseed-oil and mix the

page_text: I then heat the same in a kettle or container until it acquires a temperature
of 205° Centigrade, and maintain the heated oil compound at this temperature for
about three hours for the purpose of rendering the oil heavier, and thereby
conferring greater body upon the oil compound." I then take the kettle or container
from the fire and allow the compound to cool down to about 180° Centigrade, and
after the temperature of the. heated coinpound has been reduced to the extent
indicated I add a suitable quantity of rediicer, such for instance, as naphta or
spirits of turpentine, to the compound and stir the reducer in, and thereby
thouroughly mix the same with the oil-compound. The reducer is for the purpose
of rendering the compound capable of flowing more readily. I prefer to add a
quantity of reducer equal in weight to about one third of the weight of the oil
compound and hence I would add about one hundred pounds of the reducer to the
quantity of oil-compound herein before referred to I would, however, remark that
one third of the reducer should be luke-warm, that is have a temperature of
about 60° Centigrade, and should be added first and when the luke-warm reducer
has been mixed with the oil-compound the remainder of the reducer, in its naturel
state, that is, without first requiring to be heated, is added and mixed with partially
reduced compound.
My improved oil-compound, in its application, is superior to linseed-oil and
cotton seed-oil, in that it is much more durable, and confers a superior finish and
greater brilliancy to the surface to which it is applied.
My invention relates also to an improved oil compound for use in finishing and
imparting a brilliancy to surfaces, and for use as a substitute for linseed-oil
and cotton-seed-oil; and it also consists in the process of producing said
compound.
"
The manner of producing my improved oil compound is as follows: I use the
oil pressed from the berries of a tree known, botanically, under the name of
"Aleurites cordata" or "Elaeococca vernicia "
or "Dryandra cordata and
grown in the Eastern part of Asia, particularly on the Philippine Islands, Sunda
Isles and Molucca Islands, and known more commonly under the name of "Abura
giri " or "woodoil."
To two hundred pounds of this oil, in its raw or untreated condition, I'add one-
half as much or one hundred pounds of raw or untreated cotton-seed-oil and mix
the same together, I then heat the same in a kettle or container until it acquires a
temperature of about 205° Centigrade, and maintain the heated oil compound at
this temperature for about three hours for the purpose of rendering the compound
heavier, and thereby conferring greater body upon
the kettle or container from the fire and allow the compound to cool down to
the oil-compound. I then take
about 180° Centigrade, and after the temperature of the heated compound has been
reduced to the extent indicated I add a suitable quantity of reducer, such, for
instance, as naphta or spirits of turpentine, to the compound and stir the reducer in
and thereby thoroughly mix the same with, the oil-compound. The reducer is for
the purpose of rendering the compound capable of flowing more readily. I prefer
to add a quantity of reducer equal in weight to about one-third of the weight of
the oil compound and hence I would add about 'one hundred pounds of the reducer
to the quantity of oil-compound bereiubefore referred to. I would, however,
remark that one third of the reducer should be luke-warm, that is, have a
temperature of about 60° Centigrade, and should be added first, and when the
luke-warm reducer has been mixed with the oil-compound the remainder of the
reducer, in its natural state, that is, without first requiring to be heated,―is added
and mixed with the partially reduced compound.
"
My improved oil-compound, in its application, is superior to linseed-oil and
cotton-seed-oil, in that it is much more durable, and confers a superior finish and
greater brilliancy to the surface to which it is applied.
My invention also relates to an improved oil-varnish and process of making the
same.
J..
..
In the manufacture of my improved oil-varnish, I firstly', 'make an oil-compound

page_text: as follows:-I use the oil pressed from the berries of a tree known, botanically,
under the name of "Aleurites cordata " or "Elaeococca cordata" ог "Dryandra
cordata" and grown in the Eastern part of Asia, particularly on the: Philippine
Islands, Sunda Isles and Molucca Islands, and known more commonly under the
name of "Abura giri" or "woodoil."
To two hundred pounds of this oil, in its raw or untreated condition, I add one-
half as much or one hundred pounds of raw or untreated linseed-oil and mix the
same together. I then heat the same in a kettle or container until it acquires a
temperature of about 205° Centigrade, and maintain the heated oil-compound at
this temperature for about three hours for the purpose of rendering the compound
heavier, and thereby conferring greater body upon the oil-compound. I then take
the kettle or container from the fire and allow the compound to cool down to
about 180° Centigrade, and after the temperature of the heated compound has
been reduced to the extent indicated I add a suitable quantity of reducer, such for
instance, as naphta or spirits of turpentine, to the compound and stir the reducer
in, and thereby thoroughly mix the same with the oil-compound. The reducer is
for the purpose of rendering the compound capable of flowing more readily. I prefer
to add a quantity of reducer equal in weight to about one third of the weight of the
oil-compound and hence I would add about one hundred pounds of the reducer to
the quantity of oil-compound herein before referred to. I would, however, remark
that one third of the reducer should be luke-warm, that is, have a temperature of
about 60° Centigrade, and should be added first, and when the luke-warm reducer
bas been mixed with the oil-compound the remainder of the reducer, in its natural
state, that is, without first requiring to be heated,-is added and mixed with the
partially reduced compound.
Having provided the oil-compound herein before described, I take a quantity of
ordinary varnish, that is, any kind of wellknown varnish heretofore made,-about
equal to the quantity of the oil-compound, and mechanically mix together the
varnish and oil compound, and thereby produce a new varnish that will be found
to possess much greater durability than the old varnish and capable of conferring a
superior finish and brilliancy to the surface to which it is applied. It appears
almost superfluous to remark that my improved varnish and vastly superior
product costs much less and can be sold to the trade for less money than the
varnishes heretofore made.
My invention further relates to an improved oil-varnish and process of making
the same.
"
66
In the manufacture of my improved oil-varnish, I firstly make an oil compound
as follows:-I use the oil pressed from the berries of a tree known, botanically,
under the name of "Aleurites cordata
or "Elaeococca vernicia " or Dryandra
cordata" and grown in the eastern portion of Asia, particularly on the Philippine
1slands, Sunda Isles and Molucca Islands, and known more commonly under the
name of "Abura giri" or wood oil.
To two hundred pounds of this oil, in its raw or untreated condition, I add one-
half as much or one hundred pounds of raw or untreated cotton seed oil and mix
the same together. I then heat the same in a kettle or container until it acquires
a temperature of about 205° Centigrade, and maintain the heated oil-compound of
this temperature for about three hours for the purpose of rendering the compound
heavier, and thereby conferring greater body upon the oil compound. I then
take the kettle or container from the fire and allow the compound to cool down to
about 180° Centigrade, and after the temperature of the heated compound has
been, reduced to the extent indicated I add a suitable quantity of reducer, such
for instance, as naphta or spirits of turpentine, to the compound and stir the
reducer in, and thereby thoroughly mix the same with, the oil-compound; the
reducer is for the purpose of rendering the compound capable of flowing more
readily. I prefer to add a quantity of reducer equal in weight to about one-third of
the weight of the oil-compound and hence. I would add about one hundred pounds of
the reducer to the quantity of oil-compound herein before referred to. I would,

page_text: however, remark that one-third of the reducer should be lukewarm, that is, have
a temperature of about 60° Centigrade,--and should be added first, and when the
luke-warm reducer has been mixed with the oil-compound the remainder of the
reducer, in its natural state, that is, without first requiring to be heated,-is
added and mixed with the partially reduced compound.
Having provided the oil-compound hereinbefore described,. I take a quantity of
ordinary varnish,--that is, any kind of well known varnish heretofore made,-about
equal to the quantity of the oil-compound, and mechanially mix together..the
varnish and oil-compound, and thereby produce a new varnish that will be found
to possess much greater durability than the old varnish and capable of conferring
a superior finish and brilliancy to the surface to which it is applied.:
It appears almost superfluous to remark that my improved varnish and vastly
superior producet costs much less and can be sold to the trade for less money than
the varnishes heretofore inade.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1) The oil-product consisting of the oil that is pressed from the berries of a
tree known botanically under the name of "Aleurites cordata or * Elaeococca
vernicia "
or "Dryandra cordata" treated by means of beat subscantially
or approximately in the manner specified and suitably compounded with a
suitable quantity of reducer, such for instance, as naphta or spirits of turpentine,
substantially as set forth.
"
ог
2) The process herein before described, consisting in taking a suitable quantity
of oil pressed from the berries of a tree known botanically under the name of
"Aleurites cordata" or "Elaeococca vernicia Dryandra cordata" then
heating said oil to a suitable temperature and maintaining it in a heated condition
during a suitable fraction of a day, then allowing it to cool a suitable number of
degrees, and then adding and mixing therewith a suitable quantity of a suitable
reducer, such, for instance, as naphta or spirits of turpentine, substantially as
set forth.
3) The process herein before described consisting in taking a suitable quantity
of oil pressed from the berries of a tree known botanically under the name of
"Aleurites cordata or "Elaeococca vernicia " "
or Dryandra cordata" and
heating the same to a temperature of about 205° Centigrade and maintaining the
heated oil at said temperature for about three hours then reducing the temperature
of the, heated oil to about 180° Centigrade, and then mixing therewith a quantity
of reducer, such for instance as naphta or spirits of turpentine, that in weight be
equal to about one-third of the weight of the quantity of the oil with which it is
mixed, and firstly adding about one-third of the reducer in a luke-warm condition
and then adding the remaining fraction. of the reducer at its ordinary temperature
substancially as set forth.
65
4) The oil-product consisting of linseed and the oil that is pressed from the
berries of a tree known botanically under the name of "Aleurites cordata" or
Elaeococca vernicia "
or "Dryandra cordata" mixed in suitable proportions and
heated by means of heat substantially or approximately in the manner specified,
and suitably compounded with a suitable quantity of reducer; such for instance, as
naphta or spirits of turpentine substantially as set forth.
5) The oil-product consisting of linseed oil and the oil that is pressed from the
berries of a tree known botanically under the name of "Aleurites cordata" or
"Elaeococca vernicia" or "Dryandra cordata" mixed in the proportion of 'about
one part in weight of linseed-oil.to two parts in weight of the tree-berry oil, and
treated by means of heat substantially or approximately in the manner specified,
and suitably, compounded with a suitable quantity of reducer such for instance as
naphta or spirits of turpentine, substantially as set forth..
:
6) The process herein before described, consisting in taking a suitable quantity
i .03. 1:
ID :

page_text: 66
"
of linseed-oil and a suitable quantity of oil pressed from the berries of a tree known
botanically under the name of "Aleurites cordata or "Elaeococca vernicia " or
'Dryandra cordata" and mixing the same together and heating the oil-compound
to a suitable temperature and maintaining it in a heated condition during a suitable
fraction of the day; then allowing it to cool a suitable number of degrees, and
then adding and mixing therewith a suitable quantity of a suitable reducer, such
for instance, as naphta or spirits of turpentine, substantially as set forth.
"
7) The process hereinbefore described consisting in mixing together linseed-oil
and oil pressed from the berries of a tree known botanically under the name of
"Aleurites cordata" or "Elaeococca vernicia or "Dryandra cordata" in the
proportions of about one part in weight of linseed-oil to about two parts in weight
of the tree berry oil and heating the same to a temperature of about 205° Centi-
grade and maintaining the heating oil-compound at said temperature for about
three hours; then reducing the temperature of the heated compound to about
180° Centigrade, and then mixing therewith a quantity of reducer, such for
instance, as naphta or spirits of turpentine, that in weight shall be equal to about
one-third of the weight of the quantity of the oil-compound with which it is mixed,
and firstly adding about one third of the reducer in a luke-warm condition and
then adding the remaining fraction of the reducer at its ordinary temperature,
substantially as set forth.
"
8) The oil-product consisting of cotton-seed-oil and the oil that is pressed from
the berries of a tree known botanically under the name of "Aleurites cordata "
ог "Elaeococca vernicia or "Dryandra cordata" mixed in suitable proportions
and treated by means of heat substantially or approximately in the manner
specified, and suitably compounded with a suitable quantity of reducer, such for
instance, as naphta or spirits of turpentine, substantially as set forth.
"
"
9) The oil product consisting of cotton seed oil and the oil that is pressed from
the berries of a tree known botanically under the name of "Aleurites cordata or
"Elaeococca vernicia or "Dryandra cordata" mixed in the proportions of about
one part in weight of cotton-seed-oil to two parts in weight of the tree berry oil,
and treated by means of heat substantially or approximately in the manner specified,
and suitable compounded with a suitable quantity of reducer, such for instance, as
naphta or spirits of turpentine; substantially as set forth.
"
10) The process herein before described, consisting in mixing together a suitable
quantity of cotton-seed oil and a suitable quantity of oil pressed from the berries of
a tree known botanically under the name of "Aleurites cordata or "Elaeococca
vernicia", or "Dryandra cordata" and heating the oil-compound to a suitable
temperature and maintaining it in a heated condition during a suitable fraction of a
day then allowing it to cool a suitable number of degrees, and then adding and
mixing therewith a suitable quantity of a suitable reducer, such, for instance, as
naphta or spirits of turpentine, substantially as set forth.
66
11) The process hereinbefore described consisting in mixing together cotton-
seed oil and oil pressed from the berries of a tree known botanically under the
name of "Aleurites cordata or "Elaeococca vernicia " or Dryandra cordata "
in the proportions of about one part in weight of cotton seed oil to about two parts
in weight of the tree-berry oil and heating the same to a temperature of about
205° Centigrade and maintaining the heated oil-compound at said temperature for
about three hours; then reducing the temperature of the heated compound to about
180° Centigrade, and then mixing therewith a quantity of reducer, such, for
instance, as naphta or spirits of turpentine, that in weight shall be equal to about
one-third of the weight of the quantity of the oil-compound with which it is mixed,
and firstly adding about one-third of the reducer in a luke-warm condition and then
adding the remaining fraction of the reducer at its ordinary temperature, sub-
stantially as set forth.
I
12) An oil varnish consisting of any well known or common varnish mechanially
mixed with an oil-compound diluted with a suitable reducer, such, for instance, as
naphta or spirits of turpentine, and consisting of linseed-oil and the oil that is

page_text: pressed from the berries of a tree known botanically under the name of "Aleurites
cordata" or "Elaeococca vernicia" or "Dryandra cordata" substantially as set
forth.
13) An oil-varnish consisting of any well known or common varnish mechanically
mixed in about equal proportions with an oil-compound diluted with a suitable
reducer, such, for instance, as naphta or spirits of turpentine, and consisting of
linseed oil and the oil that is pressed from the berries of a tree known botanically
'under the name of "Aleurites cordata
or "Elaeococca vernicia " or Dryandra
cordata" substantially as set forth.
دو
14) The process of making oil varnish herein before described consisting in
mixing together a suitable quantity of linseed oil and a suitable quantity of oil
pressed from the berries of a tree known botanically under the name of "Aleurites
cordata" or "Elaeococca vernicia or "Dryandra cordata" and heating the oil
compound to a suitable temperature and maintaining it in a heated condition during
a'suitable fraction of a day; then allowing it to cool a suitable number of degrees;
then adding and mixing therewith a suitable quantity of a suitable reducer, such,
for instance, as naphta or spirits of turpentine, and then mechanically mixing with
the diluted oil-compound well known or common varnish in about equal proportions,
substantially as set forth.
"
15) The process hereinbefore described consisting in mixing together linseed-oil
and oil pressed from the berries of a tree known botanically under the name of
"Aleurites cordata "
"Elaeococca vernicia "
or
or "Dryandra cordata in the
proportions of about one part in weight of linseed oil to about two parts in weight
of the tree berry oil and heating the same to a temperature of about 205° Centigrade
and maintaining the heated oil-compound at said temperature for about 3 hours; then
reducing the temperature of the heated compound to about 180° Centigrade; then
mixing therewith a quantity of reducer, such for instance, as naphta or spirits of
turpentine, that in weight shall be equal to about one-third of the weight of the
quantity of the oil-compound with which it is mixed, and firstly adding about
one-third of the reducer in a luke-warm condition and then adding the remaining
fraction of the reducer at its ordinary temperature, and then mechanically mixing
with the diluted oil-compound well-known or common varnish in about equal
proportions substantially as set forth.
forth.
16) An oil-varnish consisting of any well known or commou varnish mechanically
mixed with an oil-compound diluted with a suitable reducer, such, for instance, as
naphta or spirits of turpentine, and consisting of cotton seed oil and the oil that is
pressed from the berries of a tree known botanically under the name of "Aleurites
cordata"
or "Elaeococca-vernicia" or Dryandra cordata" substantially, as set
17) An oil varnish consisting of any well known or common varnish mechanically
mixed in about equal proportions with an oil-compound diluted with a suitable
reducer, such, for instance, as naphta or spirits of turpentine, aud consisting of
cotton seed oil and the oil that is pressed from the berries of a tree known botanically
under the name of "Aleurites cordata " or "Elaeococca vernicia " or tr Dryandra
cordata" substantially as set forth.
"
18) The process of macking oil-varnish herein before described, consisting in
mixing together a suitable quantity of cotton seed oil and a suitable quantity of
oil pressed from the berries of a tree known botanically under the name of
"Aleurites cordata
ог "Elaeococca vernicia" or "Dryaudra cordata " and
heating the oil-compound to a suitable temperature and maintaining it in a heated
condition during a suitable fraction of a day; then allowing it to cool a suitable
number of degrees; then adding and mixing therewith a suitable quantity of a
"Buitable reducer, such, for instance, as naphta or spirits of turpentine, and then
mechanically mixing with the diluted oil-compound well known or common
varnish in about equal proportions, substantially as set forth.
19) The process hereinbefore described consisting in mixing together cotton-
seed oil and oil pressed from the berries of 'a 'tree known botanically under the

page_text: "
name of "Aleurites cordata or "Elaeococca vernicia " or "Dryandra cordata"
in the proportions of about one part in weight of cotton seed oil to about two
parts in weight of the tree-berry oil, and heating the same to a temperature of
about 205° Centigrade and maintaining the heated oil-compound at said temperature
for about three hours; then reducing the temperature of the heated compound to
about 180° Centigrade; then mixing therewith a quantity of reducer, such, for
instance, as naphta or spirits of turpentine, that in weight shall be equal to about
one-third of the weight of the quantity of the oil compound with which it is mixed,
and firstly adding about one-third of the reducer in a luke-warm condition and then
adding the remaining fraction of the reducer at its ordinary temperature, and then
mechanically mixing with the diluted oil-compound well known or common varnish
in about equal proportions, substantially as set forth.
Barmen, this 16th day of December 1895.