matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLING VESSELS, AND IN THE APPARATUS OR MEANS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Isidore Alexandre Vacherot at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th December 1872.
I, ISIDORE ALEXANDRE VACHEROT, of Notting Hill, in the County of
Middlesex, Architect and Oivil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLING VESSELS, AND IN THE
APPARATUS OR MEANS EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar mode of and apparatus for pro-
pelling vessels, and consists in the employment for that purpose of one
or more vibrating levers situate on each side of the vessel, and working
on fixed fulcra. The ends of these levers are fitted with a pair of pallets
hinged one on each side of the lever so as to be free to open out against
stops behind and present their full area to the water in the act of pro-
pelling, and to fold up or close so as to present a minimum area to the
water when making their back stroke. The two hinged flaps or pallets
on each lever should be prevented from closing entirely in order that
the opening of the flaps shall be insured during the propelling stroke of
the same.

page_text: The levers may be actuated in any convenient manner from a steam
engine on board, for example the usual paddle shaft may carry a crank
or eccentric at each end which is connected by a connecting rod to the
propelling levers.
AN IMPROVED ELEMENTARY GUN
Year: 1872

page_text: .
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Léon Victor Simon at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th May
1872.
I, LÉON VICTOR SIMON, of Bordeaux, Department of the Gironde, in
the Republic of France, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED ELEMENTARY GUN," to be as follows:-
The various pieces composing my elementary gun or fictitious chasse-
pot are shown on the accompanying Sheet of Drawing.
No. 1 indicating the stock, which may be of any suitable kind of
wood or other material.
No. 2 the barrel, which might be of steel, but which by reason of the
use for which it is intended, that is to say, to teach children to handle
fire-arms, and of the low price at which the gun should be sold, will be
of some cheaper metal, such as zinc, sheet or other iron, or tin.
No. 3, a simple spring fixed by a screw let into the stock.
No. 4, a forked trigger pivoting on to spring No. 3; it may be of any
kind of metal
CONSTRUCTION AND GENERAL ARRANGEMENT OF BERTHS FOR MARRIED COUPLES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Henry Allen, of Palmerston Road, Upton,
Essex, Commission Agent, for the Invention of
THE CONSTRUCTION AND GENERAL ARRANGEMENT OF
BERTHS FOR MARRIED COUPLES."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
SHIPS' PASSENGERS'
Sealed the 8th October 1872, and dated the 5th July 1872.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Robert Henry Allen at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 5th July 1872, pursuant to the 9th Section
of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
HENRY ALLEN, of No. 4, Palmerston Road, Upton, Essex, Commission
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION AND GENERAL ARRANGEMENTS OF SHIPS' PASSENGERS' BERTHS FOR
MARRIED COUPLES," and have petitioned Her Majesty to grant unto me,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her Royal Letters Patent for

page_text: Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the mode
in which I carry the same into effect, I would have it understood that I
do not confine myself to the precise details herein shewn and described,
but what I do claim is, the several improvements in the construction and
general arrangements of ships' passengers' berths for married couples
whereby a separate compartment or berth is provided for each couple.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Henry Allen, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
ROBERT HENRY ALLEN. (L.S.)
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR TURNING OVER THE LEAVES OF Music
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Beale at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
June 1872.
I, WILLIAM BEALE, of Bridgwater, in the County of Somerset, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR TURNING OVER THE LEAVES OF Music," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to improved apparatus for turning over the
leaves of music to be put in action at the proper moment by the foot
or hand of the performer.
The apparatus consists of a number of wires of the form shown, pivoted
at the top and bottom to a central post of the music desk, one
wire being placed behind each leaf to be turned. Each wire
has a projecting finger (see diagram) to assist in turning the
leaf, and is operated by a spring barrel, and all are held
back until the required moment by a spring lever or catch,
which is held by a fixed notched plate, and shifted from notch
to notch to release the wires in succession. This is effected by a movable
notched plate push piece or its equivalent, the notches in which

page_text: alternate with those of the fixed plate, so that the latch will be raised
out of a notch on the fixed plate on the movement of the push piece,
and out of a notch on the latter on its return movement, so as to limit
the movement of the latch to one notch of the fixed plate.
alternate with those of the fixed plate, so that the latch will be raised
out of a notch on the fixed plate on the movement of the push piece,
and out of a notch on the latter on its return movement, so as to limit
the movement of the latch to one notch of the fixed plate.
The push piece may be operated directly by the hand of the performer
if preferred, or from a pedal.
A NEW OR IMPROVED INSTRUMENT OR APPLIANCE FOR SHARPENING KNIVES AND OTHER CUTTING TOOLS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SECIFICATION left by John Jacques Bodmer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th August 1872.
I, JOHN JACQUES BODMER, of Sheffield, in the County of York, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED
INSTRUMENT OR APPLIANCE FOR SHARPENING KNIVES AND OTHER CUTTING TOOLS,"
to be as follows:-
The object of this my Invention is to produce an appliance for
sharpening knives and other cutting tools in a more efficient and lasting
manner than has heretofore been attained by means of the so called
knife sharpeners, where sharp steel edges of round or square plates are
pressed against and along the edge or edges of the knife.
According to my Invention I make use of a sharp steel edge pressed
against and along the edge of the knife, but I employ a different kind of
edge to those just alluded to, and the edge acts or is used in a different
manner.

page_text: quarters of an inch wide, by one-eighth of an inch thick; but I do not
confine myself to these dimensions, as the instrument may be made
larger or smaller. It is formed with or provided witli a handle at one
end to take hold of, which handle may be of wood or other suitable
material. The four edges of the knife sharpener are clean and sharp,
and I prefer to have the corners right angled, as I have found that angle
to answer the purpose well, but I do not confine myself to 90 degrees
exactly.
The edges serve to set up or sharpen knives and other cutting tools,
by taking hold of the instrument by the handle, and with the flat sides
of the blade of the instrument in an inclined position, pressing against,
and along the side of the knife (alternately one side and the other) say
from heel to point of knife. A fine sharp and deep edge is thus got up;
or by taking hold of the knife and pressing it against and along the
edge of the knife sharpener, say from heel to point the same result may
be obtained.
In order to obtain four additional cutting edges, more particularly for
sharpening smaller knives and other cutting tools, the blade of my
knife sharpener may be formed with a rectangular or other long hole
through it.
Should the edges in course of time become blunt they can easily be
restored to their former condition by grinding, or even merely rubbing
the narrow sides against a flat sandstone.
It may be made in various forms and shapes without departing from
the nature of this Invention; it may thus for instance be made with
pocket knife handle to fold
up.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE-GRATES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Jones Bateman at the
'
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th October 1872.
I, JOHN JONES BATEMAN, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Architect, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE-GRATES," to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object to convert at pleasure a fire grate
of the ordinary kind into a solid or closed bottom grate, so as to check
the combustion of the fuel in the grate when a quick bright fire is not
required.
My said Invention consists in applying to the under side of the frame
of bars constituting the bottom of the grate a register or damper plate.
The said damper plate is by preference hinged to the back of the
grate bottom, and is provided with a counterbalance weight supported
upon a short lever and working in a cavity under the back of the
grate. When the said damper plate is in its raised or horizontal
position it covers the under side of the grate bottom, and practically
converts it into a solid grate bottom. When the said damper plate is
depressed there is free access of air through the grate bottom to the

page_text: fire.
A short arm projects from the damper plate, by means of which
arm the damper plate may be conveniently raised and lowered. The
said damper plate may be temporarily fixed in its depressed position
by placing one of the fire-irons across the said short arm, or by
hooking or placing a weight thereon. The said damper plate, when
not fixed down as last described, is maintained in its raised or horizontal
position by the counterbalance weight. Or the counterbalance weight
may be dispensed with and the damper plate maintained in its raised
position by a spring catch fastening on the end of the short arm
described, the said fastening snapping into a catch or recess in the front
lower bar of the grate.
When a counterbalance weight is not used, the damper plate, when
allowed to fall, preserves its lowered position by its own weight. The
damper plate may be hinged to the front or sides of the grate with
nearly the same effect.
Where it is inconvenient or undesirable to give motion to the damper
plate in the way described, it may be made to close the bottom of the
grate either by a sliding motion or by rising vertically.
After a fire has been well lighted in a grate provided with my
Invention, the combustion may be made at pleasure either rapid or 2
slow, and the heat radiated into the apartment from the fire be
increased or diminished.
When the damper plate is closed the combustion is rapidly checked,
and great economy of fuel, when vigorous combustion is not required,
results.
My Invention is especially applicable to the fire-grates of bedrooms,
where a quick fire is only wanted for a short time, and a slow fire
during the night.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF SPLINTS FOR MATCHES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Wilberforce Bryant at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st
October 1872.
I, WILBERFORCE BRYANT, of Fairfield, Bow, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF SPLINTS FOR MATCHES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the treatment of
splints for matches. For this purpose the splints having been cut by
machinery such as is usually employed for that purpose are placed in' a
retort or close chamber through which a current of steam is caused to
pass, entering by preference at one end of the retort or chamber and
escaping at the other. The steam before it enters the retort is caused to
pass through pipes which are set in a furnace and so heated. By the
treatment of match splints with superheated steam in this manner they
are rapidly and thoroughly seasoned and made ready for use.
°
IMPROVEMENTS IN DRY EARTH CLOSETS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Martin Carr at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th February
1872.
I, MARTIN CARR, junior, of Middlesborough, in the County of York,
Architect, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
“IMPROVEMENTS IN DRY EARTH CLOSETS," to be as follows:-
These improvements relate to closets in which ashes, dry earth, or
other material can be distributed upon the soil after each use, and
consist principally in the employment of a revolving or rotatory cylinder
or box in a chamber at the back or the side of the closet, which cylinder
or box is partly solid and partly open, the open part having bars or
perforated gauze, through which the ashes or other materials can pass
from the inside when a rotation is given to it by a handle, either from
the outside or from the inside of the closet. The open portion with
the bars or gauze is formed like a lid, which can be turned upon its
hinges or joint for the insertion of the ashes. The chamber has a
lid or sliding door which can be kept closed to prevent the dust being
distributed when the cylinder is rotated. The lower part of the chamber
has a sloping flap or surface, down which the ashes will flow, and from

page_text: which they will fall into a box or vessel placed under the seat, the back
of the seat having a sliding door to shut off communication with the
chamber as desired. In lieu of the cylinder or box being used, I some-
times fit a grating in the chambers, upon which the ashes can be thrown
and through which they pass on to the slope.
In carrying out my Invention I propose to dispense with the ordinary
ash-pit or dust hole in dwellings, and to employ the chamber before
mentioned for the reception of the ashes and other house refuse.
Mould, sand, or other similar material may however be used, which
could be mixed or impregnated with a chemical agent containing
deodorizing properties.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE PROCESS OF FILTRATION IN SUGAR REFINING
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Barker Patrick at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th December 1872.
I, WILLIAM BARKER PATRICK, of Upper Clapton, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE PROCESS OF FILTRATION IN SUGAR
REFINING," to be as follows :—
My Invention relates to the outer case or sheath which encloses or
covers the bags employed for filtering the saccharine liquid or syrup in
the process of refining sugar. These cases or sheaths are usually made
of flax or coarse linen cloth, which soon decays from the repeated
washings and dryings the cases are subjected to in order to recover the
saccharinc liquor or syrup which they have absorbed, while their whole
utility is to enclose and confine the inner cotton bagging, which is the
filtering medium, from undue expansion during the process of filtration.
My Invention consists in making these cases or sheaths of vulcanized
india-rubber, or combined india-rubber and canvas, or such like material,
vulcanized or prepared, so as not to be injuriously affected by heat.

page_text: The advantages are a saving of saccharine liquor or syrup through
non-absorption, a greatly diminished quantity of sweet water in washing,
and of steam in evaporating the same, a saving of time and labor, with
greater durability and cleanliness.
I form the top end of these outer cases resting on the bells or nozzles
funnel shaped, so as to fit or depend upon these bells, and provided each
with a ring or ridge in the substance of the material so as to strengthen
it at that part and enable the workman easily to draw off such outer
case upwards from the bells and the inner bags.
In some cases I form the funnel-shaped end of these outer cases or
slicaths sufficiently elastic to be drawn off downwards, and thus be
removed from their respective bells and inner bags, while those bags are
hanging to the filter box or supply cistern.
I also sometimes form these vulcanized india-rubber and canvas
tubing covers or sheaths perforated with small holes to allow of a lateral
delivery of the filtered syrup. or liquid, as well as at the end or bottom
of the same.
In- PROVEMENTS IN DRAWING FRAMES USED IN THE PREPARATION OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Shaw at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th April
1872.
I, RICHARD SHAW, of Higher Walton, near Preston, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN DRAWING FRAMES USED IN THE PREPARATION OF COTTON AND OTHER
FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows :—
In the drawing frames at present in use the slivers from the cans are,
guided in holes, notches, recesses, or between pins in stationary guide
plates in front of the spoons of the ordinary stopping motion, and when
there is a knot or entanglement in a sliver it cannot pass through or
between its corresponding guide in the guide plates, and therefore as
the sliver is held and the rollers are drawing the sliver is immediately
broken and the machine stopped by the ordinary stopping motion.
The object of my Invention is to prevent the breakage of a sliver if
it happens to be knotted or entangled by causing the machine to be
stopped before the sliver is broken, and for this purpose instead of making

page_text: the guide plates stationary I make them capable of vibrating by having
pivots at their ends fitted to bearings, and to each plate is fixed an arm
or lever opposite another arm or lever fixed to the ordinary rocking shaft.
When the machine is at work and there is a knot or entanglement the
guide plate yields to the pressure of the said knot or entanglement and
allows the sliver to pass forwards unbroken, and at the same time that
the guide plate yields the arm or lever upon it is moved so that the
arm or lever on the rocking shaft shall come in contact with it to arrest
the motion of the rocking shaft and stop the machine in the usual
manner, and after the knot or entanglement is shaken or pulled out:
the machine is set on and the unbroken sliver passes onwards to the
drawing rollers, the guide plate being returned to its first position by a
spring or weight. The guide plates may have at their ends projections
fitting guides so that a sliding motion can be given to them instead of a
vibrating one, and the moveable plates can work in connection with
any stopping motion applied to drawing frames.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN FRED SURFACES FOR SEWING OR EMBROIDERING MACHINES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd October 1872.-A communication to me from abroad by Emile
Cornély, of No. 64, Faubourg St. Martin, Paris, France.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, in
the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN FRED SURFACES FOR SEWING OR
EMBROIDERING MACHINES," a communication to me from abroad by Emile
Cornély, of No. 64, Faubourg St. Martin, Paris, France, to be as
follows:-
In sewing or embroidering machines which possess a universal feed
motion, and which have the foot bar pivoted to the machine by means
of a universal joint, it occurs that the foot swinging upon a central point
in all directions bears with its feed surface only partially upon the
material to be fed, and thus renders the operation of feeding the material
a very imperfect one, chiefly when said material is very thin. This
Invention obviates this difficulty by the application of an elastic feed
surface to the foot which presses upon the material, as shown on the

page_text: accompanying Sheet of Drawing, upon which a represents the foot bar,
its lower end 6 having the shape of a circular ring on which a shoulder
is turned to receive the india-rubber ring c. The ring o thus bears upon
the material, feeds it along, and being of an elastic nature presses
equally on all parts of the material even if the foot should be more or
less inclined.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS OR COCK WITH SAFETY PLUG FOR PREVENTING FRAUD IN THE CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTING GAS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gédge at the
-
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,. on the
30th November 1872.-A communication from abroad by Pierre
Auguste Chambeaux, of No. 64, Faubourg St. Martin, Paris,
France.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS OR COCK WITH SAFETY
PLUG FOR PREVENTING FRAUD IN THE CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTING GAS," a
communication to me from abroad by Pierre Auguste Chambeaux, of
No. 64, Faubourg St. Martin, Paris, France, to be as follows :-
The consumption of the lighting gas supplied to the public is
indicated by a meter possessed by each consumer; the cock which
serves for the introduction of the gas into the meter is under the control of
the consumer, who may turn the plug at will and even entirely remove
it. Now it is possible by substituting in lieu of the plug fitted by the
gas company another similar to those shown, Fig. 1 of the annexed
Sheet of Drawing, to divert the gas from the course it should follow and

page_text: prevent its passing through the meter. Thus gas can be taken at will
without the possibility of the gas company proving the quantity. By
the aid of a secondary cock or a stop cock which the consumer has the
right to place wherever he likes upon his main pipe, he may by putting
the main supply cock A in communication with this second cock B by
means of the plugs shown Fig. 1, entirely feed his main gas pipe without
an atom of the gas passing into the meter, see Fig. 1 of the Drawing,
which illustrates an arrangement of this kind.
The object of this Invention is to prevent such fraud by the use of a
cock the plug of which is held in the seat in such a manner that it
cannot be entirely withdrawn and may nevertheless be easily cleaned and
kept in order. This Invention therefore consists in a cock with safety.
plug, the governing principle of the Invention being the impossibility of
completely withdrawing the plug from the seat. A means of effecting
this is the use of a metal rod of one piece with the plug and having a
shoulder brazed or riveted to its end to serve as stop, see Fig. 3. I must
however observe that this means is not exclusive, but may vary and
be fitted in a multitude of ways while retaining the principle of this
Invention. Thus the rod which passes outside the cock might in some
.cases be an inconvenience to the consumer and might be bent, or the
conduit itself be damaged; and therefore the rod, Fig. 3, may be
.dispensed with and the plug end with a ring (see Fig. 2) having a chain
or link of any kind fixed to it in a permanent manner, this latter carrying
a knob or button intended to form a stop in lieu of the nut as at Fig. 3.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING THE CARGOES OF SHIPS, AND IN THE EXTINCTION OF FIRE IN SHIPS' HOLDS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Alexander Anderson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th March 1872.
I, JOHN ALEXANDER ANDERSON, of Calcutta, India, at present residing
at the Grosvenor Hotel, Pimlico, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING
THE CARGOES OF SHIPS, AND IN THE EXTINCTION OF FIRE IN SHIPS' HOLDS,” to be
as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention, which has for its objects the preservation of the
cargoes and the extinction of fire in the holds of ships, consists, firstly,
in the application of fans or force pumps, which in the case of steam
ships are driven from the engines by gearing or cranks, or in the case of
sailing ships may be driven by wind wheels, by hand, or by air engines
placed on board ship for the purpose. Injectors may also be used or
other similar apparatus for forcing by steam into the hold of the ship
through pipes or tubes a stream or current of fresh or dry air for the
prevention and carrying off with the current of damp, at the same time
preventing overheating in the cargo, so that it is thus preserved during

page_text: a voyage; and, secondly, for the extinction of fire in the holds of ships
either of the aforesaid apparatus is used to inject thereinto and through
the aforesaid pipes or tubes a stream or current of gas or gases which has
the effect of choking out the fire. Or instead of introducing gas or gases
into the hold a jet or jets of steam may be introduced by pipes leading
from a boiler or steam generator, or pipes leading from the boiler may be
connected with the aforesaid pipes for introducing the gas or gases. The
pipes leading into the hold are preferably fitted with taps or cocks and
valves for regulating the proportion of air, gas, or steam, and for shutting
them of when required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF TOBACCO
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Etienne Laporte and César
Désiré Fontaine at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 16th March 1872.
We, ETIENNE LAPORTE, Chemist, and CÉSAR DÉSIRÉ FONTAINE,
Merchant, both of the City of Brussels, in the Kingdom of Belgium,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE PREPARATION OF TOBACCO," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in certain improvements in the treatment and
preparation of tobacco whereby some of the noxious qualities of the
same are advantageously removed. Pure phenic acid of 2.8° strength
is taken in the quantity say of sixteen ounces, to which is added about
three and a half ounces of spring water. This mixture is then heated
in a suitable vessel to the boiling point and continually stirred whilst
at that temperature for a period not exceeding five minutes, when it
should be removed from the fire and allowed to cool, and afterwards
left to stand for five or six hours. The mixture is then decanted with
great care, when an impalpable powder of a chestnut black colour will
be found at the bottom of the vessel in which the mixture has been
standing. The liquor thus prepared will have become of the same

page_text: density as the water used owing to the precipitation of the solid matter
which would not unite with the water, and which latter will now
contain nothing but the most volatile and soluble parts of the acid,
and which will manifest themselves when any substance which has
been impregnated with the liquid is burnt or subjected to heat.
In order to prepare tobacco in accordance with this Invention the
following process is adopted :-To a bath of say eleven gallons of pure
cold water, from ten to twenty drops of the mixture of phenic acid and
water above described are added for each gallon of water, and the whole
then stirred together. As much tobacco is then thrown into the water
as it will contain, and allowed to remain therein for one hour. It is
then taken out and dried gradually in the air and without any artificial
heat. Tobacco so prepared will effectually secure persons using it from
the injurious effects which ordinarily result from the use of tobacco
which has not been so treated.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SWEEPING OR CLEANING ROADS, WAYS, PAVEMENTS, PATHS, AND FLOORS OR SURFACES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Daniel 'Sprague at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
31st January 1872.
I, JOHN DANIEL SPRAGUE, of Bolinghill, Beulah Hill, Upper
Norwood, in the County of Surrey, Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SWEEPING OR
CLEANING ROADS, WAYS, PAVEMENTS, PATHS, AND FLOORS OR SURFACES," to be as
follows:-
The improved apparatus for sweeping or cleansing roads, ways,
pavements, paths, and floors or surfaces which forms the subject of my
Invention, consists mainly of a sheet of vulcanized or mineralized
rubber of any suitable width (according to the size of the machine),
which is rolled up on a lath, rod, or bar, and placed in a hollow cylinder
composed of two half cylinders hinged together longitudinally, and
provided at its open part with longitudinal lips or flanges between which
the end of the sheet of rubber is made to project about 2 inches, and
is nipped and held fast by the pressure of spring clips or tightening
screws. This cylinder is fixed on a frame mounted on running wheels

page_text: and provided with a guide wheel which is capable of vertical adjustment
so as to regulate the pressure of the rubber on the surface to be operated*
upon.
The frame is provided with a handle whereby the machine may be
pushed along the ground and made to scrape up and push on one
side the mud, and to facilitate this latter operation it will be found
desirable to place the scraping cylinder at an angle somewhat greater
than a right angle to the line of draught.
When the projecting edge of the sheet of rubber has worn away by
its friction against the ground, the lips of the cylinder are loosened so
that the rubber may be unwound an inch or two in order that a sufficient
width of rubber may be made to project from the longitudinal lips,
which may then be compressed again so as to hold the sheet of rubber
firmly. In this manner a fresh width of rubber can from time to time
as the projecting part wears away be unwound from the rolled up sheet
inside the cylinder, and there will therefore be but little waste of rubber
beyond that which wears away in work.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY BREAKS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Pierre Joseph Narcisse Gombert
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 8th February 1872.
I, PIERRE JOSEPH NARCISSE GOMBERT, of Paris, in the Republic of
France, but temporarily of 4, South Street, Finsbury, in the County of
Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY BREAKS," to be as follows, that
is to say :-
This Invention consists in so constructing breaks for railway carriages
that when the speed of the engine is lessened the impact of the carriages
against one another consequent thereon shall cause the break blocks to
be lowered on to the rails, thus enabling the train to be stopped within
a short distance.
The construction of my improved break is as follows:-A block of
wood of the required size, and covered with iron on the under side, is
firmly fixed on each side to the framework at the bottom of the
carriage; under this block is another block connected to the first by
iron rods sliding in suitable holes or tenons, so that the lower or

page_text: break block may be moved to and from the upper block, as herein-
after described; the top or upper side of the break block is formed
with an inclined plane at each end, and is covered with iron; it is
also provided with a friction roller or rollers at each end; between
the two blocks is a horizontal bar of iron, on the under side of which
is fixed a block of wood cut with inclined planes, corresponding to
the inclined planes on the break block; the said iron bar extends
towards the front of the carriage, and is connected by an iron rod or
latch to the rod of the front buffer, or the bar may be connected to the
buffer at the back of the carriage.
The break for the engine is constructed similarly to that herein-
before described, except that it is made stronger, and is applied by the
engine driver by means of a hand wheel and suitable gearing.
The action of my improved break is as follows:-The speed of the
engine being suddenly retarded by the steam being reversed and its
break blocks applied to the rails by the engine driver, the buffers of
the succeeding carriages strike against one another, thereby moving
the horizontal bars between the two herein-before described blocks,
and causing the inclined planes or surfaces to slide against one another,
and will force the break blocks down on to the rails, thereby converting
the train into a kind of sledge.
When the train is again started the horizontal bars are drawn to their
former position by the advance of the buffers, and the break blocks are
raised by suitable springs, by counterweights, or by a chain.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HEELS FOR BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Ohambers at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th
November 1872.
I, GEORGE CHAMBERS, of No. 184, Edgeware Road, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HEELS FOR BOOTS AND SHOES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in heels for boots
and shoes.
In order to prevent the heels of boots and shoes from becoming worn
on one side, I form a circular cavity in the leather top-piece of the heel,
and I embed in this cavity a circular metal disc which is secured in its
place by a central screw; this construction admits of the heel being
built up and finished in the usual manner to any desired form, and the
heel is much more durable in wear than an ordinary heel, for as soon as
it commences to wear on one side the disc may be turned round, and in
this way it is kept level and in its proper shape.

page_text: In some cases in place of a metal disc I employ a leather disc
fitted in a similar manner into a cavity in the top-piece, and capable of
being turned round to cause it to wear evenly. Also in some cases I
form the top piece of metal in place of leather.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BEARINGS FOR SHAFTS AND OTHER REVOLVING PARTS OF MACHINERY
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hazelton Robson Robson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th March 1872.
I, HAZELTON ROBSON ROBSON, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BEARINGS FOR SHAFTS AND OTHER REVOLVING
PARTS OF MACHINERY," to be as follows, that is to say
This Invention relates to such bearings for shafts or other revolving
parts of machinery as from their positions or other circumstances
require to be lubricated by means of oil or oleaginous matter, and it
consists in constructing such bearings so that the principal part of the
rubbing surface consists of narrow separated strips of lignum vitæ, or
other suitable hard wood or root.
In carrying out the Invention according to one modification an
ordinary bearing brass is taken, and a series of shallow dovetailed
grooves are formed in it so as to be parallel to the axis of the shaft,
crank pin, or other revolving part to which the bearing is to be applied,

page_text: and the strips of lignum vitæ are fitted into these grooves. The narrow
strips of brass left between the strips of lignum vitæ are shaped with
their surfaces flush with the rubbing surfaces of the lignum vitæ, at
their ends, or in other words at the two outer sides or edges of the
bearing, but along the intervening parts they are slightly reduced, so as
to present slightly recessed surfaces between the lignum vitæ strips.
The oil supplied in the usual way is partially retained by the shallow
recesses between the lignum vitæ strips, and a better lubrication is
thereby secured.
If preferred the lignum vitæ strips may be fitted into helical or 1
inclined grooves in the brasses or metal bearing pieces, and these metal
bearing pieces may be made of brass or any other suitable metal or
Inaterial.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE-SHOE NAILS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th December 1872.-A communication from abroad by Albert
Alden, of Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE-SHOE NAILS," a
communication, to be as follows:
This Invention relates to a nail for horse shoes, and is constructed or
formed to serve both the ordinary purposes of a horse-shoe nail and the
calk to the shoe. In addition to the above the nail has a shank which
when the said nail is driven enters a correspondingly shaped hole or
socket in the shoe, thus interlocking the nail with the shoe and securing
the firm hold and set of the calk. The said horse shoe nail is made of
the ordinary spike or taper form for being driven, and at the end of. the
spike, which in an ordinary horse-shoe nail is its head, it is made with a
square or rectangular shank that by an extension has a wedge or
V shaped calk. In the manufacture of these nails it is preferred to

page_text: make the calk of steel and to weld it on the iron of which the rest of the
nail is made.
From the above description it will be seen that a combined nail and
calk is produced consisting of three elements or parts, viz., a nail to
enter the hoof, a shank to enter the shoe, and a calk projecting below 5
them.
AN IMPROVED MEANS OR METHOD OF AND APPA- RATUS FOR CLARIFYING IMPURE OR WASTE WATER FROM FULLING MILLS, SCOURING MILLS, OR SCOURING PROCESSES, DYE-HOUSES, SEWAGE, AND OTHER IMPURE WATERS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Rupert Goodall at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
August 1872.
I, RUPERT GOODALL, of Armley, in the Borough of Leeds, in the
County of York, Machinery Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MEANS OR METHOD OF AND APPA-
RATUS FOR CLARIFYING IMPURE OR WASTE WATER FROM FULLING MILLS, SCOURING
MILLS, OR SCOURING PROCESSES, DYE-HOUSES, SEWAGE, AND OTHER IMPURE WATERS,”
to be as follows:-
In order to clarify impure water according to this my Invention I
employ a vessel for receiver. The impure water is supplied to the vessel
by means of a pipe connected with the bottom thereof, and within which
vessel is a paddle, a revolving dash wheel for the purpose of agitating
the water. To the 'impure water contained in a vessel of
say twelve
gallons capacity, I add twelve pounds of dry sand (or of ground glass a.
like proportion), twelve ounces of prepared silicious earth, and-say four
ounces of alum.
.
An inclined lid or cover having a hole or perforation therein is now
placed over the vessel, and the paddle or dash wheel is caused to revolve..
:

page_text: rapidly by any ordinary driving means so as to thoroughly agitate the
waste and contents of the vessel, and as the supply of impure water to
the vessel is continuous when the vessel becomes full and overflowing
the overflow will be through or by way of the perforation or hole in
the lid of the vessel, and be conducted to any desirable receptacle or
place.
In some cases I add prepared animal charcoal about twelve ounces,
according to the nature of the water operated upon. The specific gravity
of the ingredients above mentioned being much greater than that of
water prevent their reaching the overflow, and so are available for
clarifying a large quantity of water; they are however renewed from
time to time as found desirable and according to the nature and
condition of the water operated upon.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN BOXES FOR MATCHES AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Rollason and Nehemiah
Brough at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 19th January 1872.
We, WILLIAM ROLLASON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Tin Plate Worker, and NEHEMIAH BROUGH, of the same Place, Tool
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN BOXES FOR MATCHES AND OTHER ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in boxes for matches
and other articles, and relates to boxes which are made of sheet
metal.
The metal of which the box is constructed is so arranged that it
serves as a spring both to cause the lid to spring open when liberated
and also to retain it when closed.
The lid may be jointed in any convenient manner to the back or
sides of the box, and the back or a portion of the back is bent inwards
to act as a spring so that when the lid is nearly shut down it presses on
the upper edge of the back or portion of the back which is turned

page_text: inwards. The box can then only be completely shut by the springing or
yielding of the back and lid. At the front of the lid is an overlapping
lip, and this springs over and catches upon a projection formed for it on
the front of the box.
When it is desired to set the lid free, the front of the box is 5
pressed upon it slightly yields to the pressure, the lip of the lid escapes
past the projection and the lid springs open; the front of the box returns
in consequence of the elasticity of the metal as soon as it is released
from pressure.
The arrangement may be varied where the lid is provided with a 1
descending rim by so forming the back of the box that it may press
outwards against the rim when the box is nearly closed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING BY THE FLAME OF GAS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Eardley Billing at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th February 1872.
I, CHARLES EARDLEY BILLING, of No. 90, Hatton Garden, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING BY THE FLAME OF GAS, " to be
as follows:-
The Invention has reference to that character of apparatus for heating
by the use of the flame of gas for which Letters Patent were granted to
Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, bearing date the 16th day of January
1868, No. 146; and my improvements consist in forming the partitions
for producing the chambers for the circulation and heating of the air as
it passes through such stoves, so that the light of the gas used may pass
therethrough. For this purpose in place of forming these partitions of
plate iron, I form them of sheets of talc or mica set in metal frames, by
which whilst the chambers for the circulation and heating of the air are
retained, facility is afforded for the passage of light through such
partitions, and by the use of a cover formed to represent lumps of coal

page_text: with apertures between, facility is also afforded for giving the appearance
to some extent of ignited coal.
I also form such cover or part thereof representing lumps of fuel of
cut, cast, or moulded glass, colored if desired to represent incandescent
fuel.
THE CURE OF CORNS BY FRICTION IN THE FORM OF A POWDER
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Veitch, of 76, Milton Street, in the Oity
of. London, Middlesex, Clerk, for the Invention of "THE CURE OF
CORNS BY FRICTION IN THE FORM OF A POWDER."
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Robert Veitch at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and Decla-
ration, on the 28th September 1872, pursuant to the 9th Section of
the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
VEITOH, of 76, Milton Street, in the City of London, Middlesex, Clerk,
send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "THE CURE OF
CORNS BY FRICTION IN THE FORM OF A POWDER," which Invention I believé
will be of great public utility, and have petitioned Her Majesty to
grant unto me, my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her Royal
Letters Patent for the same, and have made solemn Declaration that I,
the said Robert Veitch, am the true and first. Inventor thereof.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Veitch, do hereby declare
that the following Complete Specification, under my hand and seal, fully
describes and ascertains the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed in and by the following state-
ment:-
The object of my Invention is to releive pain by a new, safe, and
improved method of eradicating corns from the feet.
First. The corn is pared. down to as near the root as possible without
cutting to the quick.
Second. The powder which is composed of orris root, Vanilla bean
pounded, mustard, lime, and salt, is then used in the following manner,
viz. :-A little of it is moistened and rubbed in with the finger to the
root of the corn for two or thrcè minuets at a time, when by the effects
of friction and the valuable properties of the powder the corn withers and
dies away.
-
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Veitch, have hercunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of Septr. in the.
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS TO THE SHUTTLES OF LOCK-STITCH SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Thomas Mackley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd May 1872.
I, GEORGE THOMAS MACKLEY, of New Inn Yard, Shoreditch, in
the County of Middlesex, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING COTTON AND
OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS TO THE SHUTTLES OF LOCK-STITCH SEWING MACHINES,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the construction and arrangement of
apparatus by the use of which the supply of cotton or other fibre
to the shuttles of lock-stitch sewing machines is greatly facilitated
and a great amount of labour and loss of time avoided.
The apparatus consists of a spool or reel formed of metal, wood,
compressed-paper,-or-any-other material adapted-for-the-purpose, and
upon which the cotton or other fibre is wound. The spool or reel
is formed with a tubular longitudinal aperture therein, by means of
which it is slipped over the pin of the shuttle of the sewing machine
to which it is applied.

page_text: As a modification of this Invention the spool or reel may consist
of an ordinary pin, with terminal collars formed thereon of any suitable
material, and having tho cotton or other fibre wound on the central
portion of the pin, the whole being capable of being placed in the
shuttle when desired by placing the ends of the pin, which project |
beyond the before-mentioned collars, in bearings provided for the same
in the interior of the shuttle.
AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR COATING HEATED SURFACES EITHER WOOD OR IRON, ALSO AN ANTI-CORROSIVE AND PRE- VENTION OF DEPOSITS ON IRON SHIPS' BOTTOMS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Wills Weeks at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th January 1872.
I, JOHN WILLS WEEKS, of 40, Havering Street, Commercial Road,
in the County of Middlesex, Master Mariner, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR COATING
HEATED SURFACES EITHER WOOD OR IRON, ALSO AN ANTI-CORROSIVE AND PRE-
VENTION OF DEPOSITS ON IRON SHIPS' BOTTOMS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the preparation of a composition
which renders iron, wood, and other materials exposed to the action of
water, heat, and atmospheric influence, generally capable of resisting.
such influence, and with less liability to decay, corrosion, and dete-
rioration than by the methods at present adopted.
The composition consists of the following ingredient:-Mineral oils
mixed with mineral paints and quicksilver, and also acids when
necessary, and the proportions varied according to the condition of the
material to be coated.

page_text: For the prevention of scaling of iron when heated as in the case of the
funnels of steamers, boilers, and steam chests, also woodwork from
blistering from heat arising from fire or the sun in tropical climates, it
will be found equally applicable, and in the case of iron ships' bottoms
all animalcule and other deposits are prevented by its use.
The following proportions I find to be suitable, viz., 3 gallons of
mineral oil to one hundredweight of mineral paint, 16 ounces of quick-
silver, and one ounce of acid, but I do not limit myself to these
quantities.