IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MOULDS FOR CASTING METALS
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Jobson, of Litchurch Works, near Derby, in
the County of Derby, Ironfounder, and Robert Jobson, of Holly Hall
Works, near Dudley, in the County of Stafford, Ironfounder, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MOULDS FOR CASTING
METALS."
Sealed the 21st July 1854, and dated the 1st February 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Jobson and Robert
Jobson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 1st February 1854.
We, JOHN JOBSON, of Litchurch Works, near Derby, in the County of
Derby, Ironfounder, and ROBERT JOBSON, of Holly Hall Works, near Dudley,
in the County of Stafford, Ironfounder, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MOULDS FOR CASTING
METALS," to be as follows:-
We prepare a pattern of the article to be cast, which pattern may be cf
iron, wood, or other suitable material. Thus, if it be required to prepare
moulds for the casting of a plate of the sectional form shewn in Figure 1,
we prepare a pattern of the same, and we make two moulds from the same
of sand or plaster of Paris, or other suitable material, which will present the
forms shewn in Figures 2 and 3. We then place an empty moulding box on
the mould, Figure 2, and we pour in an alloy of lead and tin, or zinc and tin,
or other suitable metal or alloy of metals, until the mould is covered thereby.
When the plate deviates considerably from a flat surface, a core or cores of

page_text: sand or other suitable material may be introduced at parts, so as to displace a
portion of the fluid metal, and render a less quantity of the same sufficient to
cover the mould. Pins or screws or other projecting pieces, attached or not to
the moulding box as may be most convenient, are introduced into the metal,
and when it has solidified the box is filled with Roman cement or other suitable
material, so as to form a ramming block with a metallic face or surface,
Figure 1, or the blocks may be entirely of metal or alloys of metal. Another
ramming block, Figure 5, is made in a similar manner from the mould,
Figure 3. A moulding box is placed on each of these ramming blocks, and
sand is rammed in, and the two sand moulds thus made are placed together as
in Figure 6, to form the complete mould for receiving the melted iron or other
metal, suitable passages being left in the sand for the purpose. The frames
or boxes are provided with pins and holes which fit corresponding holes and
pins in each other and in the ramming blocks. Instead of introducing cores
to displace a portion of the metal as above mentioned, we sometimes proceed
in the following manner:-We prepare an additional pair of moulds, of sand
or other suitable material, Figures 7 and 8, from the original pattern, and we
scrape away a portion of the sand as shewn by the lines a, a, and b, b. We
then place these moulds in contact respectively with the moulds, Figures 3 and
2, as shewn in Figures 9 and 10, and pour the alloy of lead and tin, or other
suitable metal or alloy of metal, into the same through suitable passages made
in the sand, &c., for that purpose. The plates thus made are backed with
Roman cement or other suitable material after taking out the sand, but before
the boxes have been separated or the plate displaced, forming the ramming
blocks shewn in Figures 11 and 12, which are employed in a similar manner
to those shewn in Figures 4 and 5. In lieu of pouring melted metal into
the mould to form the face of the ramming block, we sometimes fix an empty
box upon the mould, Figure 2 or 3, (which for this purpose may be of plaster
of Paris,) and we lute this box on in a water-tight manner, and fill it with a
solution of sulphate of coper or other suitable metallic solution, and we cause
the copper or other metal or mixture of metals to be deposited on the surface
of the mould by means of the electrotype process. The mould is previously
prepared and rendered capable of conducting electricity by means of black-
lead or other suitable conducting material, as is well understood. When a
sufficient coating of copper or other metal has been thus deposited, the solu-
tion is removed, and the plate backed if necessary with lead and tin or other
suitable metal or alloy of metals, and the box filled up with Roman cement
or other suitable material. Screws or pins or pieces of metal are placed on

page_text: the surface while the metal is depositing, and these pieces of metal become
attached to the deposit, and serve to connect it firmly to the Roman cement
or other backing. The ramming blocks thus made are similar to those shewn
in Figures 4 and 5, and are employed for forming the sand moulds in a
similar manner. We also prepare ramming blocks consisting of lead and tin
or other metals, or partly of metal and partly of Roman cement, or other
suitable backing, and having the original pattern attached to one of such
ramming blocks, in a similar manner to that described in the Specification of
Letters Patent granted to me, the said John Jobson, on the second day of
October 1852.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Jobson and Robert Jobson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 29th July 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
JOBSON, of Litchurch Works, near Derby, in the County of Derby, Iron-
founder, and ROBERT JOBSON, of Holly Hall Works, near Dudley, in the
County of Staffordshire, Ironfounder, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of February, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
John Jobson and Robert Jobson, Her special licence that we, the said John
Jobson and Robert Jobson, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said John Jobson and Robert Jobson, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MOULDS FOR
CASTING METALS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
John Jobson and Robert Jobson, by an instrument in writing under our hands
and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Jobson, on behalf of myself and
the said Robert Jobson, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly de-
scribed and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference
being had to the accompanying Drawing, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say :-
We prepare a pattern of the article to be cast, which pattern may be of
iron, wood, or other suitable material. Thus, if it be required to prepare
moulds for the casting of a plate of the sectional form shewn in Figure 1, we
prepare a pattern of the same, and we make two moulds from the same of
sand or plaster of Paris, or other suitable material, which will present the
forms shewn in Figures 2 and 3. We then place an empty moulding box

page_text: on the mould, Figure 2, and we pour in an alloy of lead and tin, or zinc and
tin, or other suitable metal or alloy of metals, until the mould is covered
thereby. When the plate deviates considerably from a flat surface, a core or
cores of sand or other suitable material may be introduced at parts, so as to
displace a portion of the fluid metal and render a less quantity of the same
sufficient to cover the mould. Pins or screws or other projecting pieces,
attached or not to the moulding box as may be most convenient, are intro-
duced into the metal, and when it has solidified, the box is filled with Roman
cement or other suitable material, so as to form a ramming block with a
metallic face or surface, Figure 4, or the blocks may be made entirely of metal
or alloys of metal. Another ramming block, Figure 5, is made in a similar
manner from the mould, Figure 3. A moulding box is placed on each of
these ramming blocks, and sand or loam is rammed in, and the two sand
moulds thus made are placed together as in Figure. 6, to form the complete
mould for receiving the melted iron or other metal, suitable passages being
left in the sand for the purpose. The frames or boxes are provided with pins
and holes which fit corresponding holes and pins in each other, and in the
ramming blocks.
Instead of introducing cores to displace a portion of the metal as above
mentioned, we sometimes proceed in the following manner-We prepare an
additional pair of moulds, of sand or other suitable material, Figures 7 and 8,
from the original pattern, and we scrape away a portion of the sand as shewn
by the lines a, a, and b, b. We then place these moulds in contact respec-
tively with the moulds, Figures 3 and 2, as shewn in Figures 9 and 10, and
pour the alloy of lead and tin, or other metal or alloy of metal, into the saine,
through suitable passages made in the sand or other material for that purpose.
The plates thus made are backed with Roman cement or other suitable
material after taking out the sand, but before the boxes have been
separated or the plate displaced, forming the ramming blocks shewn in
Figures 11 and 12, which are employed in a similar manner to those shewn
in Figures 4 and 5.
It will be seen that the partings of the sand, or the surfaces of the sand
which come in contact with each other in the complete mould, Figure 6, as.
well as the mould of the article itself, are thus moulded on metallic surfaces..
The moulds are thus made with great accuracy, and also with great facility, as,
the moulder's skill is not required to produce a good parting.
In lieu of pouring melted metal into the mould to form the face of the
ramming block, we sometimes fix an empty box upon the mould, Figure 2
or 3, (which for this purpose may be of plaster of Paris), and we lute this.
'

page_text: box on in a water-tight manner, and fill it with a solution of sulphate of
copper or other suitable metallic solution, and we cause the copper or other
metal or mixture of metals to be deposited on the surface of the mould by
means of the electrotype process. The mould is previously prepared with
wax or other suitable material to prevent it from absorbing or being acted
upon by the metallic solution, and it is rendered capable of conducting
electricity by means of blacklead or other suitable conducting material, as is
well understood. When a sufficient coating of copper or other metal las
been thus deposited, the solution is removed, and the plate backed if necessary
with lead and tin or other suitable metal or alloy of metals, and the box filled
up with Roman cement or other suitable material. Screws or pins or pieces
of metal are placed on the surface while the metal is depositing, and these
pieces of metal become attached to the deposit and serve to connect it firmly
to the Roman cement or other backing. The ramming blocks thus made are
similar to those shewn in Figures 4 and 5, and are employed for forming the
sand moulds in a similar manner.
If a box of iron or other material capable of being injuriously acted
upon by the sulphate of copper or other metallic solution is employed, it is
to be coated with grease on the inside or otherwise protected from the action
of the solution. A wooden box lined with pitch or with gutta percha may be
employed while the metal is being deposited, and this box may be removed
and replaced by an iron box when the deposit has acquired a sufficient
thickness, and the iron box is then filled up with the backing as herein-before
described.
We also prepare ramming blocks consisting of lead and tin or other metals,
or partly of metal and partly of Roman cement or other suitable backing,
and having the original pattern attached to one of such ramming blocks, in a
similar manner to that described in the Specification of Letters Patent
granted to me, the said John Jobson, on the Second day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two. In this mode
of proceeding, the two moulds, Figures 2 and 3, are first made from an iron
or metal pattern, Figure 1. This pattern is then laid in the mould, Figure 2,
after attaching some hooks to its back, and an empty box is placed over it
and an alloy of lead and tin, or zinc and tin, or other suitable metal or
alloy of metals, is poured into the box so as to cover the pattern. Hooks
or pins are placed in the liquid metal, and when it has cooled, the box
is filled with Roman cement or other suitable backing. The ramming
block, Figure 13, is thus produced. Or the box may be completely filled
with the melted metal if preferred. The other ramming block is made as

page_text: herein-before described, or it may be made as described in the Specification
of the former Letters Patent herein-before mentioned, by making a reverse
mould in plaster or sand, from the mould, Figure 3, and again taking a
cast from this reverse mould in Roman cement or other similar material,
which will then produce a ramming block of the form shewn in Figure 3.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood, that we
do not claim generally the application in the manufacture of moulds for
casting metals of lead and tin, or zinc and tin, or other metal or alloy of metals;
but what we claim is,―
The manufacture of moulds for casting metals by means of ramming blocks,
constructed in manner herein-before described, either entirely of metal or
with metallic surfaces firmly attached to a backing of Roman cement or other
suitable material, which metallic blocks or surfaces serve for moulding the
partings of the sand or other material forming the mould, as well as for
moulding the form of the article itself.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Jobson, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Witness,
W. WHISTON,
Solicitor, Derby.
JOHN JOBSON.
(L.S.)