An Improved Steam Boiler.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Mar., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 18th Jan., 1896-Accepted, 19th Mar., 1896
An Improved Steam Boiler.
I, OREL DIGHTON ORVIS, of No. 839 Garfield Boulevard, Chicago, County of
Cook, State of Illinois, United States of America, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to steam boilers, and particularly to the class of steam
boilers known as water tube boilers.
The object of the invention is to secure such a construction of the boiler as will
insure free and rapid circulation of the water, and expose the largest possible area
of water surface to the influence of the heated vapors by carrying the line of
draught in what I conceive to be the most serviceable relation to the several parts
of the boiler.
The invention consists in the use of three horizontal cylinders or chambers, one
above and two below, and a novel arrangement of tubes for connecting the lower
cylinders with the upper one.
It consists further in the novel construction of
partition walls, so as to convey the hot gases in the desired manner around the
cylinders and among the tubes.
In the accompanying drawings, I show in,
Fig. 1, a longitudinal, vertical, central, sectional view of the furnace and boiler;
Fig. 2, a plan section, on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1 ;
Fig. 3, a vertical section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4, the same view on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2;
Fig. 5, a vertical section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1; drawn to an enlarged
scale.
Fig. 6, a vertical section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 1; drawn to a similar scale.
Fig. 7, a detail plan section on the line 7-7 of Fig. 5;
Fig. 8, a detail section on the line 8-8 of Fig. 6;
Figs. 9 and 10, details, showing the arrangement of the water tubes, and the
line of draught among them.
The furnace is enclosed with masonry, its front wall being shown at A, its side
walls at A 1, A 1, and its rear wall at A 2.
The main or upper cylinder of the boiler is shown at B, and extends the full
length of the furnace, and the lower cylinders are shown at B 1, B 1, and are
parallel with and of the same length as the cylinder B, and lie side by side, their
forward ends being above the grate bars, C, and forming in fact the roof of the
fire box. These cylinders are spaced apart, so as to allow a flue opening between
them, and their outer sides touch the side walls, A 1.
Any form of grate bars may be used, and as there is nothing novel in the fire
box and its appurtenances except its roof, I have not shown in detail its various
parts. A bridge wall, a, is built up across the rearward end of the grates,
extending a few inches above them, so as to serve as a stop for fuel, and a transverse
partition, a 1, is thrown across the furnace from side to side, and from its floor to
its roof, so as to cut off the draught entirely, except through a flue opening in this
wall, as hereinafter described.
A large number of tubes, D, and D 1, connect each of the cylinders, B1, with
the cylinders B. As shown, these tubes are set in four longitudinal rows, in each
of the cylinders B 1, and are spaced apart only a sufficient distance to admit of the
free circulation of the heated vapors among them. The inner row of tubes, D, in

page_text: each of the lower cylinders, is inclined towards the other cylinder, so that the
tubes of the one cross the tubes of the other, the lower half of each pair of these
tubes forming the letter X. At the top of the X the tubes are bent, so as to
incline again towards each other, and enter the cylinder B, near together. The
three outer rows of tubes D 1, of each of the cylinders B 1, are bent approximately
midway of their length, so as to bow outwardly slightly, the angle of these tubes
being at the same altitude as that of the tubes, D.
Extending from the front wall, A, to the partition, a 1, a flooring of brick, E,
is supported by the tubes D, D 1, at the point at which they are bent, as already
described. The central portion of this flooring extends downwardly so as to fill
the upper portion of the X formed by the lower parts of the tubes D, giving the
floor in cross section the form of the letter V, with extended wings at the upper
end of its arms. This floor E, does not extend beyond the outer row of tubes, D1.
A similar floor, E 1, extends backwardly from the wall, a 1, to the wall A 2, and
vertical partitions, e, are built between these two walls, extending from the
cylinders B 1, to the floor, E 1, and being located between the two outer rows of
tubes, D 1.
A flue opening, F, is formed in the wall, a 1, being bounded by the central
V shaped portion of the floors E, E 1, and by the inner row of tubes, D.
A flue opening F 1, is formed in the rear wall, A. 2, above the cylinders, B1,
and below the Hoor E 1, and between the partitions, e, and leads to the smoke
stack, not shown.
The draught, therefore, leads from the fire box upwardly between the forward
ends of the cylinders B 1, thence laterally in both directions among the tubes D, D 1,
upwardly and again to the center, passing among the same tubes, and thence
backwardly through the flue F, and again passing laterally among the tubes, it
descends around the outer sides of the cylinders, B1, space being left between the
cylinders and the walls, A 1, back of the partition, a 1, the draught then continuing
upwardly between the two lower cylinders and passing out through the flue F 1.
I prefer to locate brick piers, G, in alternate spaces between the tubes in each
of the rows, D 1, the piers in adjacent rows being set staggered, so that the line
of draught among these tubes is tortuous.
I show at H, a mud drum, located transversely across the rear end of the furnace,
below the cylinders, B 1, and in communication therewith by the water legs, h.
The water feed of the boiler may be located in any desired position, and its
location being entirely immaterial, I have not shown it in the drawings.
The tubes, D, D 1, are all so located with reference to the cylinders, B, B1,
that they enter them radially, such of the tubes as require it being bent near their
ends, for this purpose. This arrangement of the tubes admits of their attachment
to the cylinders by the means commonly called expanding.
The water tubes are preferably four inches in diameter, so as to allow of the
passage of a large volume of water. The circulation will naturally be upwardly
through the tubes in the forward portion of the furnace, that being heated to the
highest degree, and downwardly through the tubes back of the partition a 1, and
more decidedly through those at the extreme rearward end of the furnace.
Great advantages are secured in using substantially vertical tubes in that there
is less friction to overcome, and consequently a freer circulation; no place for the
lodgment of sediment in the tubes, and consequently less liability to the incrusting
of the inner surface; no place for the accumulation of dust upon the outside of
the pipes and the consequent reduction of the heating surface.
The construction shown insures a concentration of the heat at the center of the
fire box between the two cylinders B 1, so that the chilling of the gases by contact
with these water surfaces is counteracted.
Dated this 19th day of March 1895
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: An Improved Steam Boiler.
I, OREL DIGHTON ORVIS, of No. 839 Garfield Boulevard, Chicago, County of
Cook, State of Illinois, United States of America, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to steam boilers, and particularly to the class of steam
boilers known as water tube boilers.
The object of the invention is to secure such a construction of the boiler as will
insure free and rapid circulation of the water, and expose the largest possible area
of water surface to the influence of the heated vapors by carrying the line of
draught in what. I conceive to be the most serviceable relation to the several parts
of the boiler.
The invention consists in the use of three horizontal cylinders or chambers, one
above and two below, and a novel arrangement of tubes for connecting the lower
cylinders with the upper cue. It consists further in the novel construction of
partition walls, so as to convey the hot gases in the desired manner around the
cylinders and among the tubes.
In the drawings left with my Provisional Specification
Figure 1 is a longitudinal, vertical, central, sectional view of the furnace and
Foiler;
Figure 2, a plan section, on the line 2-2 of Figure 1:
Figure 3, is a vertical section on the line 3-3 of Figure 2;
Figure 4 is the same view on the line 4-4 of Figure 2;
Figure 5 is a vertical section on the line 5-5 of Figure 1: drawn to an enlarged.
scale.
Figure 6 is a vertical section on the line 6-6 of Figure 1: drawn to a similar
scale.
Figure 7 is a detail plan section on the line 7-7 of Figure 5 ;
Figure 8 is a detail section on the line 8-8 of Figure 6;
Figures 9, and 10, details, showing the arrangement of the water tubes, and the
line of draught among them.
The furnace is enclosed with masonry, its front wall being shown at A, its side
walls at A 1, A 1, and its rear wall at A 2.
The main or upper cylinder of the boiler is shown at B, and extends the full
length of the furnace, and the lower cylinders are shown at B 1, B 1, and are
parallel with and of the same length as the cylinder B, and lie side by side, their
forward ends being above the grate bars C, and forming in fact the roof of the fire
box. These cylinders are spaced apart, so as to allow a flue opening between them,
and their outer sides touch the side walls, A 1.
Any form of grate bars may be used, and as there is nothing novel in the fire
box and its appurtenances except its roof, I have not shown in detail its various
parts. A bridge wall a, is built up across the rearward end of the grates, extending
a few inches above them, so as to serve as a stop for fuel, and a transverse
partition, a 1, is thrown across the furnace from side to side, and from its floor to
its roof, so as to cut off the draught entirely, except through a flue opening in this
wall, as hereinafter described.
A large number of tubes, D, and D 1, connect each of the cylinders B1, with
the cylinders B. As shown, these tubes are set in four longitudinal rows, in each
of the cylinders B 1, and are spaced apart only a sufficient distance to admit of the.
free circulation of the heated vapors among them. The inner row of tubes D, in

page_text: each of the lower cylinders, is inclined towards the other cylinder, so that the
tubes of the one cross the tubes of the other, the lower half of each pair of these
tubes forming the letter ✗. At the top of the X the tubes are bent, so as to
incline again towards each other, and enter the cylinder B, near together. The
three outer rows of tubes D 1, of each of the cylinders B 1, are bent approximately
midway of their length, so as to bow outwardly slightly, the angle of these tubes
being at the same altitude as that of the tubes, D.
Extending from the front wal A, to the partition a¹, a flooring of. brick E, is
supported by the tubes D, D 1, at the point at which they are bent, as already
described. The central portion of this flooring extends downwardly so as to fill
the upper portion of the X formed by the lower parts of the tubes D, giving
the floor in cross section the form of the letter V, with extended wings at the
upper end of its arms. This floor E, does not extend beyond the outer row of
tubes D 1.
A similar floor E 1, extends backwardly from the wall a 1, to the wall A 2, and
vertical partitions e, are built between these two walls, extending from the
cylinders B 1, to the floor E 1, and being located between the two outer rows of
tubes D 1.
A flue opening F, is formed in the wall, a 1 being bounded by the central
V shaped portion of the floors E, E 1, and by the inner row of tubes D.
A flue opening F 1, is formed in the rear wall A 2, above the cylinders B 1, and
below the floor E1, and between the partitions e, and leads to the smoke stack, not
shown.
The draught, therefore, leads from the fire box upwardly between the forward
ends of the cylinders B 1, thence laterally in both directions among the tubes D, D 1,
upwardly and again to the centre, passing among the same tubes, and thence
backwardly through the flue F, and again passing laterally among the tubes, it
descends around the outer sides of the cylinders B 1, space being left between
the cylinders and the walls, A 1, back of the partition a 1, the draught then
continuing upwardly between the two lower cylinders and passing out through the
flue F 1.
I prefer to locate brick piers G, in alternate spaces between the tubes in each of
the rows D 1, the piers in adjacent rows being set staggered, so that the line of
draught among these tubes is tortuous.
I show at H, a mud drum, located transversely across the rear end of the
furnace, below the cylinders B1, and in communication therewith by the water
legs h.
The water feed of the boiler may be located in any desired position, and
its location being entirely immaterial, I have not shown it in the drawings.
The tubes D, D 1, are all so located with reference to the cylinders B, B1, that
they enter them radially, such of the tubes as require it being bent near their ends,
for this purpose.
This arrangement of the tubes admits of their attachment to the
cylinders by the means commonly called expanding.
The water tubes are preferably four inches in diameter, so as to allow of the
passage of a large volume of water. The circulation will naturally be upwardly
through the tubes in the forward portion of the furnace, that being heated to the
highest degree, and downwardly through the tubes back of the partition a 1, and
more decidedly through these at the extreme rearward end of the furnace.
Great advantages are secured in using substantially vertical tubes in that there
is less friction to overcome, and consequently a freer circulation: no place for the
lodgment of sediment in the tubes, and consequently less liability to the incrusting
of the inner surface: no place for the accumulation of dust upon the outside of the
pipes and the consequent reduction of the heating surface.
The construction shown insures a concentration of the heat at the centre of the
fire box between the two cylinders B 1, so that the chilling of the gases by contact
with these water surfaces is counteracted.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The combination with a water tube boiler having an upper and a pair of
lower cylinders and tubes for connecting the upper and lower cylinders, of a furnace
having its draught passages so arranged that the draught is upwardly from the fire
box, between the lower cylinders, laterally among the water tubes, upwardly and
again to the central line of the furnace, backwardly to the rear portion of the
furnace, laterally and downwardly outside of the lower cylinders and upwardly
between the rearward end of the lower cylinders to an eduction flue, substantially
as described and for the purpose set forth.
2. The combination with a furnace having a transverse vertical partition, a', and
a set of fire grates forward of the partition, of a pair of boiler cylinders; B',
extending from front to rear of the furnace and spaced apart for draught flue, a
boiler cylinder, B, parallel with and above the cylinders B', water tubes connecting
the lower and upper cylinders and arranged in a multiple number of rows
longitudinal as to the cylinders, floors, E, E¹, approximately midway between the
upper and lower cylinders and extending the entire length of the furnace and
having draught openings at their sides, upright partitions, e, e, extending from the
cylinders B to the floor E' and from the partition a¹ to the rear of the furnace, a
flue opening through the partition a¹ above the floors E, E', and between the sets
of tubes communicating with the two lower cylinders, Alue openings at the outside
of the lower cylinders back of the partition a', and an eduction flue opening through
the rear wall of the furnace and enclosed by the floor E' and the partitions e, e,
substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.
3. The combination with a furnace and with a water tube boiler having upper
and lower cylinders, the draught being upwardly from the fire box between the
lower cylinders, of vertical tubes connecting the upper and lower cylinders and
extending through the furnace chamber, and a floor above the opening between the
lower cylinders whereby the draught is directed among the vertical tubes,
substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.
4. The combination with a furnace and with a water tube boiler having upper
and lower cylinders, the draught being upwardly from the fire box between the
lower cylinders, of vertical tubes connecting the upper and lower cylinders and
extending through the furnace chamber, a floor above the opening between the
lower cylinders whereby the draught is directed among the vertical tubes and piers
set in alternate spaces between the said tubes and resting upon the lower cylinders
and supporting the floor, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 18th day of January 1896.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.