IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DYEING SECTIONS FIBROUS MATERIALS OR STRIPED GOODS
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Thornton and William Daniel Thornton,
Dyers, of Marsh Field Dye Works, Bradford, in the County of
York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DYEING
Scaled the 10th July 1874, and dated the 6th May 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Thornton and
William Daniel Thornton at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 6th May 1874.
We, JOHN THORNTON and WILLIAM DANIEL THORNTON, Dyers, of
Marsh Field Dye Works, Bradford, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR DYEING IN SECTIONS FIBROUS MATERIALS OR STRIPED GOODS," to be as follows,
that is to say:
Our Invention relates to dyeing in sections filamentous materials in
order to produce mixed colored threads or striped goods: For this
purpose we employ an apparatus formed with two boxes, the bottom box

page_text: In these boxes are cast
partitions or divisional pieces forming chambers to receive the coloring
matter or dye liquid. On the top of the sides of the bottom box and on
the top of the partitions are fitted wood, brass, or copper linings; the
tops of these linings are made the width required to be given to the 5
sections on the fibrous material receiving no dye, and on the movable
top is formed an inlet passage or pipe in which is fitted a regulating
valve to regulate the admission of the coloring matter or dye liquid. On
the bottom box is cast a discharge passage or pipe, in which is fitted a
tap or valve to discharge the coloring matter or dye liquid when the 1
fibrous material is dyed. The dye liquid falls in a cistern or receiver,
and is pumped back to the inlet pipe to operate on other portions of the
fibrous material, preventing any waste of the dye liquid.
being a fixture and the top box movable.
The regulating and discharge valves are actuated by gear so arranged
that they allow the necessary time for the dye to penetrate the fibrous 1
material, letting off the dye liquid when the operation is finished, and
opening the inlet valve when the other portions of the fibrous material
are placed on the linings.
On the sides of the boxes are cast lugs, and in the lugs of the bottom
box are fitted bolts which receive the top box lugs; these boxes are
kept to the required pressure by means of nuts.
We may use boxes having no lugs, bolts, or nuts, the weight of the
top box being sufficient to give the required pressure. Or we employ
our apparatus connected with a steam engine on the steam hammer
principle, the top box being fitted to the piston rod. Our valve gear is
so arranged as to allow the top box to remain firmly fixed or pressed on
the bottom box the time required to dye the fibrous material or striped
goods, and then to lift up, allowing of passing or replacing the fibrous
material to be operated on.
The filamentous materials to be dyed in sections are placed across the
linings, the dye liquid contained in the chambers acting only on the
parts exposed to the liquid, the part pressed under the linings of
the sides of the bottom box and partitions or divisional pieces retaining
their original color. By these means we produce dyed fibrous materials
in sections, very even, producing mixed colored threads or dyed striped
goods without veins.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Thornton and William Daniel Thornton in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th November 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JoHN
THORNTON and WILLIAM DANIEL THORNTON, Dyers, of Marsh Field
Dye Works, Bradford, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date, the Sixth day of May, in the year-of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Ier heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said John Thornton and William Danicl
Thornton, Her special licence, that we, the said John Thornton and
William Daniel Thornton, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said John Thornton and William Daniel
Thornton, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time, and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DYEING IN SECTIONS FIBROUS MATERIALS
OR STRIPED GOODS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the
said John Thornton and William Daniel Thornton, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Thornton and William
Daniel Thornton, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference
being had to the Drawing hereto annexed, and to the figures and letters
marked thereon, that is to say :—
The said Invention relates to dyeing in sections fibrous substances in
order to produce mixed colored threads or striped goods. For this

page_text: purpose we employ an apparatus formed with two boxes, the top box
being a fixture and the bottom box movable. In these boxes are cast
partitions forming chambers to receive the coloring matter or dyc
liquid. On the under sides of the boxes are fitted wood, brass, or copper
linings; the tops of these linings are made of the width required to be
given to the sections on the fibrous material receiving no dye, and on
the top box is formed an inlet passage or pipe in which is fitted a
regulating valve to regulate the admission of the colouring matter or
dye liquid. On the bottom box is cast a discharge pipe in which is
fitted a tap or valve to discharge the colouring matter or dye liquid
when the fibrous material is dyed. The dye liquid falls into a cistern or
receiver and is pumped back to the inlet pipe to operate on other portions
of the fibrous material, preventing any waste of the dye liquid.
The regulating and discharge valves are actuated by gear so arranged
that they allow the necessary time for the dye to penetrate the fibrous
material, letting off the dye liquid when the operation is finished and
opening the inlet valve when the other portions of the fibrous material
are placed on the linings.
The boxes are kept to the required pressure by means of springs,
keeping the boxes firmly pressed during the required time to dye the
fibrous material or striped goods, and allowing them to open for the
replacing of the fibrous material to be operated on.
The fibrous substances to be dyed in sections are placed across the
linings, the dye liquid contained in the chambers acting only on the parts
exposed to the liquid, the parts pressed under the linings retaining their
original colour. By these means we produce dyed fibrous materials in
sections very even, producing mixed coloured threads or dyed striped
goods without veins.
But in order to enable our improvements to be better understood we
will proceed to more particularly describe the same by reference to the
accompanying Drawing, in which Figure 1 represents a side elevation of
the dyeing apparatus; Figure 2, side sectional clevation through the
line A, B, Figure 4; Figure 3, back view; and Figure 4, plan of the
same.
Figure 5 represents a sectional frout clevation of the boxes and
linings Figure 6, sectional side elevation; Figure 7, side elevation;

page_text: Figure 9 represents a plan of the boxes shewing a plan of the linings.
Similar letters of reference are used in all the Figures to represent
similar parts.
A, driving pulley, actuating a pinion B which gives motion to a spur
wheel C which actuates a shaft D fitted in bearers E bolted to the frame I
of the apparatus; on the shaft D is fitted a worm F actuating a worm
wheel G keyed on the shaft H and turning it; this shaft H is fitted in
bearers bolted to the frames I, and on this shaft are fitted two cams J
actuating the bottom box or press plate K, lifting or lowering it; these
cams work against steel plates L fitted in the brackets M, bolted to the
bottom part of the bottom box or press plate K; the top box or press
plate N is kept firmly pressed by means of the springs O; the boxes or
pressing plates K and N have projecting pieces P which pass in guides Q
formed in the frames I; the top box N is kept in its bottom position by
mcans of the wrought-iron plates R fitted in the guides Q, and on the
projecting pieces P are fitted small studs Ṣ on which are placed the
bottom parts of the springs O, the top parts pressing against small
disks T having small projections formed thereon preventing the springs O
moving out of position; these small disks are fitted in openings formed
in the top bosses U, and fit against the brass bushes V in which are
fitted screws W; these screws act on the disks T, and are for the purpose
of regulating the pressure of the springs O acting on the top box N
giving the required pressure to the material operated on; the boxes
or pressing plates K and N have chambers X to receive the colouring or
dye matter; on the chamber of the box N is fitted a pipe Y for the
admission of the colouring matter, and on this pipe is fitted a regulating
valve actuated by gear worked from the shaft H, so arranged that it
allows the liquid or colouring matter to flow during the necessary time for
the dye to penetrate the material operated on; the liquid after entering the
chamber X of the box N passes through openings Z made in the wood
linings A', passing on through the recesses B', and letting the liquid
into the chamber X of the bottom box K, which is afterwards discharged
through the outlet pipe C in which is fitted a tap or valve to discharge
the colouring matter or dye liquid and falls into a cistern, to be pumped
back to operate on other portions of the material, preventing waste of
dye liquid.
On the boxes or pressing plates are fitted linings, by preference of wood,

page_text: hollow spaces or recesses B', and are made of the width required to be
given to the sections of the material receiving the colour; the parts not
exposed to the dye liquid and pressed under the projecting parts,
retaining their original colour. These linings are secured to the boxes
by means of the lugs D' fitted to the boxes and secured to the linings
by means of screws.
On the frames I are fitted guides E' in which work fluted rollers F¹,
these rollers are for the purpose of feeding and delivering the material
operated on; the rollers F¹ are actuated by means of gear worked by
means of a spur wheel G¹ fitted on the shaft H; this wheel G' works
two spur wheels H³, giving motion to the wheels I' fixed on the shafts J'
of the bottom fluted rollers F¹. When the cains J are at the bottom
stroke, as shown in Figure 1, the wheel G'is in gear with the wheels H¹,
actuating the fluted rollers F" and bringing forward the material to be
operated on. Directly the material has taken its proper position on the
linings the turning of the cams J to the curved parts presses the
material on the linings, the wheels H' leave the spur wheel G¹ and stop
the action or turning of the fluted rollers F', as shown in Figure 2,
leaving the material at rest until it is dyed, and as soon as the cams J
come to the cut off parts the wheels H¹ come in gear with the spur
wheel G¹ and carry forward the dyed material and bring up other
portions to be acted on.
:
In the guides E¹ are fitted plates K¹ on which press the springs I¹.
The plates Khave set screws M¹ passing through them acting on the
brasses fitted on the shafts J', and are for the purpose of regulating the
pressure of the fluted rollers.
The frames I are firmly held together by means of the stay rods N¹.
By these means we produce dyed fibrous materials in sections, very
even, producing mixed coloured threads or dyed striped goods without
veins.
Having thus described our improvements, and the best means we arc
acquainted with for carrying the same into effect, we would have it
understood that what we claim is,—
Firstly. The general arrangement and construction of apparatus for
dyeing in sections fibrous materials or striped goods, substantially as
herein before described and represented in the accompanying Drawing.

page_text: Secondly. The method or means of pressing the material by fixed
and moveable boxes or press plates, having chambers to receive and dis-
charge the dye liquid; also the employment of linings, substantially as
described and represented in the Drawing.
Thirdly. The method or means of actuating the feed and delivery
rollers, leaving the material at rest when operated on by the dye liquid,
substantially as described and represented in the Drawing annexed.
In witness, whereof, we, the said
Daniel Thornton, have hereto set
day of November, in the year of
hundred and seventy-four.
John Thornton and William
our hands and seals, this Fifth
our Lord One thousand eight
Witness,
5
WILLIAM DANIEL THORNTON. (L.S.)
WALTER JA. TURNER, C.E.,
Patent Agent,
Bradford.