Improvements in or connected with Baths; and in' Machinery for the 13. Manufacture of same.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Jan., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 1st June, 1895 Accepted, 6th July, 1895
}
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Baths; and in' Machinery for the
13.
Manufacture of same.
I, WILLIAM HESLOP of Westmoreland Avenue, Bridlington Quay, in the
County of York, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
Hitherto metal horizontal baths, of the 'type' employed in 'dwelling houses and
other places have either been cast in one piece, or they have been built up of
sections composed of wrought iron or other metal, bolted or rivetted together.
When cast in one piece, sudden changes of' température often crack or break the
bath; whilst their great weight and brittleness render them extremely liable to
breakage during transport; and when built up from wrought sections, their
liability of leakage renders them'most unsatisfactory.
The object of my invention is to construct' baths from a single sheet of wrought
metal, in such a manner that they are of light 'construction and perfectly watertight,
whilst at the same time they' are exceedingly strong and not liable to breakage by
a sudden change of temperature, or on receiving a fall or other blow.
In carrying my invention into effect, I cut a sheet of metal to the required shape
for forming the bath; two corners or pieces being cut away at one of the ends, and
a lap or extra strip of metal being left projecting at either end and on both sides of
the said sheet.
This sheet 'is then subjected to one, two, or more, pressing or stamping operations
between male and female dies, in which the interior of the female die and the
'exterior of the male 'die 'are of a shape somewhat similar to that of the intended
bath.
The cut out sheet of metal is first placed on the upper surface of the preliminary
female die, in which a recess or opening is provided at each of its four corners and
'on' the two dies being brought together, the metal plate is pressed between them,
which' bend's the sides and ends up approximately to the required shape,' the
superfluous metal 'entering into the recesses in the female die and forming a fold at
each corner on the, partially formed 'bath. On subjecting it to the action of
finishing dies, the 'folds at the upright end of the bath are brought against the said
end with the corners of the two folds towards each other; whilst the folds at 'the
sloping end of the' bath are folded with the cut away portions adjacent to
each other.
During the finishing pressing operation the strips of metal at the sides and ends,
are turned or folded over at right angles, so as to form a flange round the upper
edge of the bath; and the four divisions in the said flanges, the cut away portions
and folds, may be welded or otherwise firmly secured.
The second or final pressing operation forces the folds at the corners into the
metal, thereby leaving the interior of the bath comparatively smooth, after which such
interior may be coated with a suitable 'enamel.

page_text: Improvements in or connected with Baths, and in Machinery for the
Manufacture of same.
I, WILLIAM HESLOP of Westmoreland Avenue, Bridlington Quay, in the
County of York, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Hitherto metal horizontal baths of the type employed in dwelling houses and
other places have either been cast in one piece, or they have been built up of
sections composed of wrought iron or other metal, bolted or rivetted together.
When cast in one piece, sudden changes of temperature often crack or break the
bath, whilst their great weight and brittleness render them extremely liable to
breakage during transport; and when built up from wrought sections, their
liability of leakage renders them most unsatisfactory.
The object of my invention is to construct baths from a single sheet of wrought
metal, in such a manner that they are of light construction and perfectly watertight,
whilst at the same time they are exceedingly strong and not liable to breakage by
a sudden change of temperature, or on receiving a fall or blow.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood, I will proceed to describe
same with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters refer to
like parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 shows a plate of metal cut to the shape required.
Figures 2 and 3 show a side elevation and plan respectively of a partly formed
bath.
Figure 4 is a side elevation, Figure 5 is a sectional plan, Figures 6 and 7 are end
elevations, and Figure 8 is a plan of a completely finished bath, formed entirely
from a single sheet of metal.
According to my invention I cut a sheet of metal to the shape shown at Fig. 1,
having two corners cut away leaving edges A A' and B B', and laps or extra strips
of metal C, D, E and F are left projecting at either end and on both sides of the
said sheet, being defined in the drawing by the aid of the dotted line. This sheet
is then subjected to a pressing operation between male and female dies, in which
the interior of the female die and the exterior of the male die are of a shape
somewhat similar to that of the bath to be produced. The female die is formed
with recesses or openings at the four corners, similar to those shown in Figure 6 of
the drawings accompanying the Specification of my Patent No. 16849 A.D. 1893,
and the sheet of metal. when pressed assumes the shape shown at Figures 2 and 3,.
(of the drawings accompanying this Specification) having wings G, H, J and K
projecting, the said wings having been formed by the superfluous metal entering
the recesses in the corners of the female die before mentioned. It will be seen that
the edges A and A' are brought up near each other, as are also the edges B and B ;
and the laps C, D, E and F are left projecting up above the edge of the partly
formed bath.
The partially formed bath is then subjected to the action of finishing dies, which
are of a shape similar to that of a completed bath. In this pressing operation, the
folds Gaud H are folded on the end of the bath with the corners towards each
other, whilst the folds J and K are folded against each other with the edges A. A¹
and B B in contact, forming a vertical line as seen at Figure 6.
During the finishing pressing operation, the laps C, D, E and F are turned or
folded over at right angles so as to form a flange round the upper edge of the bath
and the four divisions in the said flanges are welded or otherwise firmly joined,
thereby forming the flange L. The edges A A' and B B' are welded or otherwise
4

page_text: secured together, and the folds G and H may be similarly secured as required.
The second or final pressing operation forces the folds at the corners into the
metal, the surfaces of the dies being formed to allow of the several thicknesses
being received between them; and when the bath is completed, it can be coated
with a suitable enamel.
A bath is thus produced which comprises the combined features of both cast and
wrought iron baths, without the disadvantages which they both possess, for it is
light, strong, and perfectly watertight.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The cutting of a sheet of metal to the form shown at Figure 1, so that on the
parts being folded in the required manner, an entire bath with a flange is produced,
substantially as set forth.
2. The cutting and folding of a sheet of metal whereby a seamless bath is
produced, substantially as set forth.
3. The general formation and construction of the bath, substantially as described
and shown in the accompanying drawings, together with any mere modification or
modifications thereof.
of Tun100%
BREWER & SON,
London and Leeds, Agents for Applicant.