a Improvements in Mandrils for Electrolytically Deposited Tubes.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd May, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Mar., 1891-Accepted, 25th Apr., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
a
Improvements in Mandrils for Electrolytically Deposited Tubes.
I, FRANCIS EDWARD ELMORE, of Spring Grove, Thwaite Gate, Leeds, in the
County of York, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In the Specification No. 4499 of 1887, is described a method of manufacturing
tubes and other cylindrical articles by electrolytically depositing metal on
revolving mandril, and burnishing, condensing and smoothing the metal as it is
deposited. My present invention relates to the construction of mandrils for this
purpose, my object being to make them light, strong, evenly balanced and smooth,
and to give facility for removing them from 'the shells of metal deposited on
them.
For this purpose I employ as the body of the mandril a thin but stiff metal tube,
preferably one made by electrolytical deposit, and selected as being true and even.
I coat this tube with material fusible at a moderately low temperature, it may be
fusible metal or paraffin wax or similar substance which when cold sets to a firm
consistence. The coating may be applied in various ways, but preferably I adopt
the following method to obtain a coating with a true and smooth surface. I cause
the tube that is to be coated to revolve as a roller, more or less nearly in contact
with another roller, and in the gap between the two rollers I place a body of the
material that is to form the coating. I keep the mandril tube cool by circulating
water through it or otherwise, and I keep the roller by its side heated by steam or
otherwise, so as to melt the coating material which adheres to the cold mandril and
is smoothed off and polished by the hot roller, the mandril being thus coated to a
thickness which can be varied according as the axis of the roller is adjusted nearer
to or farther from that of the mandril. When the coating is of paraffin wax or
such like material which is a bad conductor, of electricity, I may prick through it
in numerons places to the metal of the mandril. Or I may in the first instance mix
with the molten material some substance soluble in water, such for instance as
common salt, which, when the mandril is in the electrolytic bath, will dissolve out
leaving the coating more or less porous. I cover the surface of the coating with
plumbago or other conducting substance, but this is not necessary when fusible
metal is employed as the coating. After the metal is deposited on the mandril
to the desired thickness, I heat the mandril sufficiently to melt the coating
material, and then I can readily withdraw the mandril from the shell deposited
on it.
In some cases, instead of using a fusible material for coating the mandril, I
employ gelatinous or gummy material mixed up with conducting powder such as
plumbago to cover a tubular mandril which is perforated with numerous holes and
is closed watertight at the ends. After the metal has been deposited on the mandril,
I admit water or other liquid solvent which may be heated, to its interior, so as to
soak through the perforations and partially dissolve or soften the coating and thus
facilitate the removal of the core.
Dated this 22nd day of May 1890.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Mandrils for Electrolytically Deposited Tubes.
I, FRANCIS EDWARD ELMORE, of Spring Grove, Thwaite Gate, Leeds, in the
County of York, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
In the Specification No. 4499 of 1887 is described a method of manufacturing
tubes and other cylindrical articles by electrolytically depositing metal on a
revolving mandril, and burnishing, condensing and smoothing the metal as it is
deposited. My present invention relates to the construction of mandrils for this
purpose, my object being to make them light, strong, evenly balanced and smooth,
and to give facility for removing from them the shells of metal deposited on them.
For this purpose I employ as the body of the mandril a thin but stiff metal tube,
preferably one made by electrolytical deposit, and selected as being true and even.
I coat this tube with material fusible at a moderately low temperature, it may be
fusible metal or paraffin wax or similar substance which when cold sets to a firm
consistence. The coating may be applied in various ways, but preferably I adopt
the following method to obtain a coating with a true and smooth surface. I cause
the tube that is to be coated to revolve as a roller more or less nearly in contact
with another roller, and in the gap between the two rollers I place a body of the
material that is to form the coating. I keep the mandril tube cool by circulating
water through it or otherwise, and I keep the roller by its side heated by steam or
otherwise so as to melt the coating material which adheres to the cold mandril and
is smoothed off and polished by the hot roller, the mandril being thus coated to a
thickness which can be varied according as the axis of the roller is adjusted near to
or farther from that of the mandril. When the coating is of paraffin wax or such
like material which is a bad conductor of electricity, I may prick through it in
numerous places to the metal of the mandril. Or I may in the first instance mix
with the molten material some substance soluble in water, such for instance as
common salt, which, when the mandril is in the electrolytic bath, will dissolve out
leaving the coating more or less porous. I cover the surface of the coating with
plumbago or other conducting substance, but this is not necessary when fusible
metal is employed as the coating.
After the metal is deposited on the mandril to the desired thickness, I' heat the
mandril sufficiently to melt the coating material, and then I can readily withdraw
the mandril from the shell deposited on it. In some cases, instead of using a fusible
material for coating the mandril, I employ gelatinous or gummy material mixed up
with conducting powder, such as plumbago, to cover a tubular mandril which is
perforated with numerous holes and is closed watertight at the ends. After the
metal has been deposited on the mandril, I admit water or other liquid solvent,
which may be heated, to its interior, so as to soak through the perforations and
partially dissolve or soften the coating and thus facilitate the removal of the
core.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A mandril for electrolytical deposit of tubes, consisting of a metal tube coated
with fusible metal applied and polished by means of a roller, substantially as herein
described.
2. A mandril consisting of a metal tube coated with fusible material such as
paraffin wax which is applied and polished by means of a roller, is pricked through
with numerous holes, and is covered with conducting substance such as plumbago,
substantially as described.
3. A mandril consisting of a metal tube coated with fusible material such as

page_text: paraffin wax mixed with material soluble in water such as common salt, this
mixture being applied and polished by means of a roller substantially as described.
4. A. mandril consisting of a metal tube perforated with numerous holes, closed
watertight at the ends and coated with gelatinous or gumming material mixed
with conducting powder such as plumbago, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
1
.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.