IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Burnett, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster,
and John Garstang, of Burnley, in the said County, for the Invention of
“IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Burnett and John
Garstang at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th December
1879.
JAMES BURNETT, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, and JOHN GARSTANG,
of Burnley, in the said County. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
The first part of our Invention relates to improvements in the mechanism
actuating the knives or lifting levers used in the dobbie or jacquard apparatus.
Our improved mode of actuating the said knives or lifting levers consists in placing
on one end of a shaft or spindle a lever having two arms, the said arms branching
in opposite directions to each other, and is acted upon by a crank pin from the
crank or tappet shaft (or other convenient part of the loom); one arm of the said
lever is connected by a link to the end of one of the knives or lifting levers
aforesaid, the other arm being likewise connected to the other knife or lifting lever,
so that with the vibrating or reciprocating action of the before mentioned armed
lever a reverse action will be given to each of the aforesaid knives or lifting levers,
the said arms being slotted or so arranged that the distance at which the
connecting links are attached from the centre of the aforesaid shaft or spindle may
be varied, thus admitting of one of the knives or lifting levers being moved (when
desired) a greater distance than the other. We further propose to place on the
other end of the aforesaid shaft another similar double armed lever to the one
above mentioned, and connected by similar links to the other ends of the said
knives or lifting levers, so that both ends of the knives or lifting levers will be
raised or lowered.
The second part of our Invention relates more particularly to the weaving of
that class of cloth known as mock lenoes or open cloth, and consists essentially in
the application of a vibrating rod or bar, which is placed in such a position in the

page_text: warp to bear against and tighten the open warp threads at intervals, the said
vibrating bar being actuated from the jacquard or other moving parts of the loom.
The third part of our Invention relates to leno weaving in which we dispense
with the dupe healds, and use in lieu thereof needles or dents having eyes
through which the warp threads pass; the said needles or dents may be fixed or
secured to a balk in a similar manner to the dents of the ordinary reed of the
loom.
The fourth part of our Invention consists in regulating the tension of the springs
used for the purpose of holding, retaining, and preventing the overthrow of the
barrels of dobbies or other like apparatus, and which is accomplished by making
the bracket adjustable which carries such spring, or a regulating screw or bolt may
be used for the like purpose of adjustment.
5
1

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Burnett and John Garstang in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 26th June 1880.
JAMES BURNETT, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, and JOHN GARSTANG,
of Burnley, in the said County. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
The first part of our Invention relates to improvements in the mechanism
actuating the knives or lifting levers used in the dobby or jacquard apparatus. Our
improvements consist in placing on one end of a shaft or spindle a lever having two
arms, the said arms branching in opposite directions to each other, and acted upon
by a crank pin from the tappit shaft or other convenient part of the loom; one arm
of the said lever is connected by a link to the end of one of the knives or lifting
levers, the other arm of the said lever is connected by a link to the other knife or
lifting lever, so that with the vibrating or reciprocating action of the above men-
tioned armed lever a reverse action will be given to each of the aforesaid knives or
lifting levers, the said arms being slotted or so arranged that the distance at which
the connecting links are attached from the centre of the aforesaid shaft or spindle
may be varied, thus admitting of one end of the knives or lifting levers being moved
when desired a greater distance than the other. We further propose to place on
the other end of the aforesaid shaft or spindle another similar double armed lever
to the one above mentioned, and connected by similar links to the other ends of the
said knives or lifting levers, so that both ends thereof may be raised or lowered.
The second part of our Invention relates more particularly to the weaving of
that class of cloth known as mock lenoes or open cloth, and consists essentially in
the application of a vibrating rod or bar, which is placed in such a position in the
warp as to bear against and tighten the open warp threads at intervals, the said
rod being actuated from the jacquard or other moving part of the loom.
The third part of our Invention relates to the weaving of lenoes in which we
dispence with the dupe healds, and use in lieu thereof needles or dents having eyes
through which the dupe threads pass, and may be secured in a similar manner to
the dents of the ordinary reed of the loom.
The fourth part of our Invention consists in regulating the tension of the spring
used for the purpose of retaining and preventing the overthrow of the barrels of
dobbies or like apparatus, which may be accomplished by making the bracket
adjustable which carries such spring, or a regulating screw or boss may be used for
the like purpose of adjustment.
In order that our Invention may be better understood and explained in detail,
we have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings made upon a scale of about one
and a half inches to the foot, and having similar letters of reference on corri-
sponding parts of the various views and Figures. Figs. 1 and 2 are respectively
side and back elevations, and Fig. 3 is an ond view of an apparatus for actuating
the knives or lifting levers; and Fig. 4 is a modification of the same; these
represent the first part of our Invention.
A is the framework in which is supported in suitable bearings the shaft or
spindle a' parellel in position to the knives or lifting levers a³. To the front end
of the shaft or spindle a¹ is secured the double armed lever b¹; each arm is provided
with two slots, as seen in Fig. 2, the purposes of the outer of these slots being
hereinafter referred to. We fix a stud to each of the inner slots which we connect to
the front ends of the knives or lifting levers by the link c and c¹ respectfully; to
the other or reverse end of the said shaft or spindle a¹, as seen in Fig. 1, is secured
another double armed lever b, the arms of which are similarly connected by the
links d and ď³ to the other ends of the said knives or lifting levers. The link e
connects one end of the double armed lever b with the crank pin e' fixed to the
tappit shaft e², by which means a vibrating or reciprocating action is imparted to
the armed lever b and b³, and a reverse lifting or lowering action to each of the
knives or lifting levers a³. By the above arrangement a taper lift is obtained by

page_text: the front ends being attached nearer the fulcrum of the shaft or spindle a¹ than the
other or reverse ends of the knives or lifting levers, but if a streight or equal lift
is required, as in weaving dhooties, we remove the studs from the inner to the outer
slots hereinbefore alluded to.
.
Another mode or modification of this part of our Invention is seen in Fig. 4; in 1
this arrangement we use a similar parellel shaft to the one above mentioned, and
secured to one end thereof or mounted loosely on a stud is the double armed lever
b actuated in like manner; as seen in Fig. 1, the front ends of the knives or lifting
levers a² are jointed to the stud f on which they vibrate.
The second part of our Invention is represented in Fig. 5, which relates more
particularly to the weaving of that class of cloth known as mock lenoes or open
cloth, and consists essentially in the application of a vibrating rod or bar g, which
is placed between the open or lace warp and the remaining portion of the warp;
the said rod is supported by adjustable bearings from the framework of the loom.
To one end of this rod or bar is fixed a lever connected by a cord or rod to one of 1
the jacks or lifting wires of the dobby or like equivalent, whereby the lace or opon
warp threads may be tightened at required intervals according to the pattern of
such lace work, by which means a much superior pattern or figure is effected.
The third part of our Invention relates to the weaving of lenoes in which we
despence with the dupe heald, and use in lieu thereof needles or dents provided
with eyes through which the dupe threads pass; these needles or dents terminate with
their eye ends at about the centre of the reed; each dupe dent or needle is placed
between two other dents which act as guides. The other warp threads actuated by the
healds are passed through the guide wires, so that with the upward movement of the
reed the dupe threads are raised, and may be made to cross over the other threads which
pass through the guides alternately or at intervals as may be required, the reed having
a side or lateral movement by an eccentric or like equivalent placed and timed
from any convenient part of the loom; the reed may be actuated upwards or
downwards by a tappit similar to that of the healds.
The fourth part of our Invention is represented in Fig. 7; h is an adjustable
boss provided with a screw h¹ placed under the spiral spring h³ on the bolt i, which
may be readily adjusted and secured, so as to increase the tension of the spiral
spring h¹, or the bolt I may be formed with a screw thread and provided with a nut,
by which means the tension of the spring h¹ may easily be regulated so as to impart
the required resistance to the barrels of dobbies or like apparatus.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention and described the manner of
performing the same, we declare that what we claim as of our Invention is,―
First. The arrangement of mechanism shewn and described for actuating the
knives or lifting levers.
Second. The vibrating rod or bar g, for the purpose herein set forth.
Third. The application of needles or dents, for purposes set forth.
Fourth. The application of an adjustable boss or nut h, as shewn and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Garstang, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Twenty third day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eight
Witness,
THOMAS RICHMOND,
2, Bond St., Burnley.
JOHN GARSTANG. (L.S.)