IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR THE MANUFACTURE of Tufted CARPETS AND OTHER TUFTED PILE FABRICS."
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Holdsworth, of the City of Durham,
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR THE
MANUFACTURE of Tufted CARPETS AND OTHER TUFTED PILE FABRICS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Holdsworth
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 21st July 1875
I, SAMUEL HOLDSWORTII, of the City of Durham, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TUFTED CARPETS AND OTHER TUFTED PILE
FABRICS," to be as follows:-.
The Invention applies to looms of the character described in the
Specification of Letters Patent granted to me bearing date the 11th day
of July 1872, No. 2095.
One part of the present improvements relates to forming the framing,
as it may be called, telescopic, or so that parts thereof may slide one on

page_text: the other according to the extent desired, so as to be able readily to
adapt the same framing to variations in the extent of change of pattern
or color effected and consequent length of chains required, and the parts
when adjusted as desired are held in position by screw bolts, pins, or
other fastenings.
Also to the employment of clutch or other suitable connecting and
disconnecting gear between the parts for the formation of the body of
the fabric, and those for the parts driving the operations of the tuft
threads
Also to operating the selvage warp threads at the selvage for the feed
of the weft. These selvage thi cads are supplied from separate bobbins
which are separately supported on then own axis,and held by clastic and
adjustable frictional pressure. To each of these axes is also applied a
waive to receive-a-weighted cord as well as a case or cover for the
bobbin it carlies The thread from each bobbon-passes through an
opening formed for it in this case or cover, and the weight to the warve
or pulley and the clastic pressure to the bobbins are adjusted in relation
to each other, so that in the drawing off of these selvage warps the
friction is adjusted to admit of the bobbin revolving whilst the weight
retains the axis, but so soon as strain is taken off these selvage warps,
the weighted cords cause the spindles and the cases or covers to their
bobbins to revolve to wind thereon the slack as on a drum.
"
Also to the application of counterweights to the lifter shafts to
counteract the weight of the arms and parts operating the lifters for
lifting the frames of tuft yarn
Also to the application of adjustable counterbalance weights to arms
to the shafts driving the conducting chains and carrying the lifter
arms.
Also to means for regulating the delivery of the warp yarns Arins
from the let off motion are applied in position to be operated upon by
other arms from the vibrators, so that the extent of delivery is regulated
by the position of the arms of the vibrators in relation to those of the
let-off motion
Also to means for readily disconnecting the selvage motion For this
purpose the operating level or aim is formed in two parts, one to slide
in or on to the other and to be held as required by screw or clip.

page_text: Also to means for checking or controlling the motion of the weft rod.
For this purpose the operating slide to the weft rod carries a bowl to run
upon a spring applied to the bar on which the slide runs, or in corrc-
sponding positions to act in checking the too free motions of the slide
towards either ond.
I apply a weighted slide to the setting-on lever, one end of which
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Samuel Holdsworth the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 20th January 1870
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
HOLDSWORTH, of the City of Durham, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Iler
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, tor Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Samuel Holdsworth, Her
special license that I, the said Samuel Holdsworth, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Samuel
Holdsworth, my executois, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TUFTED
CARPETS AND OTHER TUITED PILE FABRICS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Samuel Holdsworth, my executors or admını-
strators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertam the naturo
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Holdsworth, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The Invention applies to looms of the character described in the
Specification of Letters Patent granted to me bearing date the 11th day
of July 1872, No. 2095.
The first part of the present improvements relates to forming the
framing, as it may be called, telescopic, or so that parts thereof may slide
one on the other according to the extent desued, so as to be able 1
readily to adapt the same framing to variations in the extent of change
of pattern or color effected, and consequent length of chains requned,
and the parts when adjusted as required are held in position by screw
bolts, pins, or other fastenings:
Secondly. The improvements relate to the employment of clutch or
other suitable connecting and disconnecting gear, between the parts for
the formation of the body of the fabric and those for driving the
operations of the tuft threads.
Thirdly. The improvements relate to the application of counter-
weights to the lifter shafts to counteract the weight of the arms, and 2
parts operating the lifters for lifting the frames of tuft yarn.
Fourthly. The improvements iclate to the application of adjustable
counterbalance weights to arms to the shafts driving the conducting
chains and carrying the lifter arms.
Fifthly. The improvements relate to means for regulating the delivery 2
of the waip yarns. Arms from the let-off' motion are applied in position
to be operated upon by other arms from the vibrators, so that the
extent of delivery is regulated by the position of the aims of the
vibrators in relation to those of the let-off motion.
'
Sixthly The improvements relate to operating the selvage warp
threads at the sclvage for the feed of the weit These selvage warp
threads are supplied from separate bobbins, each of which is separately
supported on its own axis, and is then held from too fice rotation by
elastic and adjustable frictional pressure To each of these axes is also
applied a warve to receive a weighted cord, as well as a case or cover

page_text: bars c, c, are formed with a succession of slot holes c³ for the passage
of the screw bolts c', c¹, used in connecting the portions a² and c
together.
I would remark that although I have shown the bars c, c, as sliding
over the bars b, b, they may be otherwise arranged in relation to each
other, so as to obtain like capability for varying the proportions of the
frame.
I will now describe the second part of my Invention, which is also
shown applied in Figure 1, and by separate plan and back views at
Figures 2 and 3 The bevelled tooth wheel d is that which by gearing
into the teeth of a corresponding bevelled tooth wheel e applied to the
shaft e¹ communicates motion from the parts of the loom for the produc-
tion of the body of the fabric to those parts which operate for the supply
of the tuft threads; but, according-to-this-second part of the Invention,
in place of this wheel e being affixed to the shaft e¹, so as in its revo--
lution of necessity to cause the shaft e¹ to revolve with it, the wheel e is
applied to the shaft e¹, to as to be capable of separately revolving on
that shaft e¹ whilst that shaft e¹ remains stationary, and there is applied
to the shaft e¹ a sliding clutch box connection f, the parts of which are
formed to lock into or clutch with corresponding parts of the wheel e
when desired, and whilst the clutch is for this purpose capable of
sliding endwise on the shaft e¹ it is by a fin or other such like suitable
connection controlled in rotating to cause the simultaneous rotation of
the shaft c', so that when the clutch is moved to clutch with the
wheele the shaft e¹ is caused to revolve with that whccle, and when
the clutch is released from clutch connection with the wheel e the
shaft e¹ and parts driven thereby are allowed to remain at rest, although
the wheel e may still be revolving to facilitate the shifting of this clutch
connection, it is formed with a neck f¹ to receive a stud f³ projecting
from the one end of the L lever f³, which lever is supported to turn on
the fixed stud f, and at its other end f" is formed into a handle by
which it may be readily moved; f* are stops by which to retain the
leverf either in position for the clutch flocking with the wheel e, so
as to drive the shaft e³, or for the clutch to be free of that wheel e,
and the shaft e¹ to be at rest.
I will now describe the third part of my Invention, which is also

page_text: applied the lifter arms g', which by means of the links g² and pin joints
are connected to the lifter rods g³, so that in the rocking of the shafts g
the lifting rods g³ may be raised and lowered with the lifters for the
raising of the frames of creels from one row of rails to another, as
described in the said former Specification of Patent referred to, but
according to my present improvements the rocking shafts g are provided
with additional arms g', cach of which by a stud g³ is connected to one
end of a rod carrying an adjustable counterbalance weight 9', and
which rod g is at its lower end connected by pin joint 98 to one end
of a link go, the other end of which is connected to rock on a fixed
stud 9 carried by the main framing The object of these links is to
steady the motion of the counterbalance weights, whilst those weights
scrvc to counteract the weight of the respective arms g¹ and parts
operating in the lifting of the frames of crcels.
I will now describe the fourth part of the Invention which is also
shown applied in Figure 1 of the Drawings, as well as by separate
opposite side view at Figure 4 h, h, represent the shafts, one at each
end, acting to effect the driving of the conducting chains, and also to
operate the shafts of the lifter arms; cach of these shafts & has affixed
to it a segment ¹ with a segmental slot formed in it to receive a screw
bolt from the weighted arm h³, one end of which is applied with
capability of rocking on the axis h, whilst the other end carries the
adjustable weight 7. By these means facility is afforded for adjustment
of the time of action of these counterbalance weights in the rotation of
the shafts h.
I will now describe the fifth part of the Invention which is shown
applied to parts of a loom at Figures 5, 6, and 7 In these Figures
1, 2, represent two warp beams, to each of which there is applied the
ordinary worm wheel to be taken into and driven by a worm 2ª on a
shaft, and these shafts with the means of driving them are applied
one at one side of the loom, and the other at the other side thereof.
The upper end of cach shaft 23 18 supported so as freely to revolve in
suitable bearings, whilst the lower ends thereof rest with like capability
in steps, and each shaft 2³, according to the arrangement shown, is
driven in the following manner :-Towards the lower end of each
shaft, is applied a bevilled pinion, the teeth of which are taken
into by the teeth of the bevilled pinion 26, and this bevelled pinion is
supported to revolve on a fixed stud carried by the step », and bas

page_text: arm
J
applied on or formed to it the ratchet wheel 28, and the teeth of this
ratchet wheel 28 are taken into by the click or driver, which is sup-
ported so as to be capable of rocking on a stud 210 carried by the lever
arm 2", and this lever arm is also capable of rocking on the stud 7.
The stud 20 is also capable of being acted upon by the end of the
slotted opening 2 formed in the link 2 in the lifting of that link.
This link hangs suspended from a stud carried by the outer end of
the arm 2 affixed to one end of a short axis 2", which axis is supported
to rock in bearings carried by the main framing, and has affixed to its
opposite end an arm 2 to which is attached, by pin joint, one end of a
link from the lever by which the desired let-off of the warp yarn is
effected. The extent of let-off effected in cach case is regulated
according to this part of my Invention by means of arms ; applied
with capability of adjustment to the axes of the vibrators ', so that
when-too much warp is being let off from a beam the outer end of the
will be brought to bear-on-one-end of the lever 2" so as to prevent
the stud 210 in that lever from reaching the bottom of the slot-in its
link, or of reaching it so soon as it otherwise would do, and then
by the extent of capability of motion of the lover 2" being reduced the
motion of the ratchet wheel 28 will be correspondingly reduced or
altogether stopped, and the amount of warp given off will be reduced
or stopped until by the action of the warp on the vibrator rod the
arm j will be again lifted out of the way of the back end of the lever 211,
and so on. ja is an arm affixed to cach vibrator, and formed at its
outer end into a segment of teeth j³. The teeth of one of these segments
j* takes into the teeth of the pinion 7³, which pinion is affixed to the
hollow axis jº, and has applied to the other end of it the wheel 1'. The
teeth of the other segment take into the teeth of the pinion ³ affixed
to the axis 1º, which is supported to revolve in fixed bearings ", 110,
and at its outer end carries the wheel 7". This axis also forms a
support for the hollow axis j. The wheels ' and j" are acted upon by
breaks to produce tension to the warps in the usual way at the
beat up.
I will now describe the sixth part of my
drawn to a scale of half the real size by side
two opposite end views at Figures 9 and 10.
Invention which is shown
view at Figure 8, and by
According to this part of
the Invention the selvage warp thread represented by the yellow line
is supplied from a bobbin which is applied with capability of revolving

page_text: on the spindle ³, but this capability for revolving of the bobbin kis
controlled by the friction resulting from the pressure of the spiral
spring &², one end of which bears against the bobbin k, and the other
against the set nuts by which the extent of this pressure is adjustablo.
The ends of the spindles are formed so as to be capable of freely
revolving in suitable bearings, and it has affixed to it a warve k' and a
cylinder k³. The warve k' has attached to it one end of the cord ke which
is wound round the warve, and at its other end bears a weight by which
the tendency of the cylinder is to be wound in one direction, whilst the
thread from the bobbin is conducted therefrom through the slotted
opening in the cylinder k³, and is thence coiled round that cylinder in
the opposite direction to the coiling of the cord 4 on the warve ', so
that in the weaving up of the selvage warp thread the cylinder k³ gots
wound in one direction until all the thread wound thercon has become
uncoiled, at the same time winding up the weight by the cord ko, when
the further drawing off will be from the bobbin k, and any slack produced
by the too free rotation of that bobbin will again be wound on to tho
cylinders by the action of the weighted cord k, and so on.
2
I will now describe the seventh part of my Invention which is shown
applied by side view and plan, Figures 11 and 12, and by separate views,
Figures 13, 14, and 15; is the operating lever or arm for operating the
selvage motion, and according to this part of the Invention it is formed
in two parts, ; on one side of the part is applied a sort of button 1³
and a stud ', one end of the part l² is formed recessed at 15 to pass on to
the neck of thic button 3, whilst the part passes on to the stud /* and
it is there held by the chip and screw finger nut 1º.
I will now describe the eighth part of the Invention which is shown
by plan and front views of parts at Figures 16 and 17. In these
Figures m represents the bowl applied to revolve on a stud projection
from the upper portion of the slide m³ carrying one end of the weft
rod m and giving motion to that rod, and n is a spring applied to the
stationary rail or guide o for the slide m' to slide upon. This spring n
is affixed by studs at n³, and at that part and for some distance on each
side thereof it is held out of the way of the bowl m, whilst the ends and
for some distance towards those ends the spring is raised into position to
act upon the bowl m, and by the elastic pressure thereby applied operate
to check the too free motion of the slide m' towards each end of its
motion.

page_text: P
I will now describe the ninth part of the Invention which is shown
applied by Figures 18 and 19, and at Figures 20 and 21, by parts
separately; represents a portion of the upper end of the setting-on
lever, and q is the guide plate in which that end of that lover moves.
Figure 20 shows a plan view of this plato by which it will be seen that
it is formed not only with the ordinary recess q¹ for holding that end of
the lever whilst the loom is in motion, but also with an opening qª to
receive the end of a bolt r when the loom is at rest This bolt IS
applied to and forms part of a sliding plate which is formed to slide
freely on the upper end of the setting-on lever p, and except when this
lever is set, as shown for the loom to be at rest, the lower end of this
bolt simply rests or slides on the surface of the plate 7, but so soon as
the lever is set for rest the bolt r comes over the opening q³, and by
the weight of the sliding plate ¹ to which it is attached it falls into the
hole q, and thereby--holds the lever fast until the slide is raised,
and this may be effected by the stud
P
affixed and projecting from it.
Пaving thus described my Invention and means which I adopt in
carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that I do not
confine myself to the precise arrangements of parts, as shown and
described, as the same may be varied without departing from the
peculiar character of any part of the Invention, but what I do claim
18,-
First. The forming looms of the character described, so that the
framing may be capable of variation by the parts thereof being slided
one in relation to the other, and fixed for the time to such variation to
suit variations in lengths of chains required, substantially as described.
Secondly. The application of means for connecting and disconnecting
the parts for the formation of the body of the fabric being woven with
those for driving the operations for the inscrtion of the tuft threads,
substantially as described.
Thirdly. I claim the application of counterweights to the lifter shafts,
substantially as described.
Fourthly. I claim the application of adjustable counterbalance weights
to arms to the shafts driving the conducting chains and actuating the
lifter arms, substantially as described.

page_text: Fifthly I claim the arranging and combining parts, whereby arms
from the vibrator shafts act on the let-off motion to regulate the let off,
substantially as described.
Sixthly. I claim the arranging or combining parts for the purpose of
obtaining uniformity of tension on the selvage warp threads, substantially
as described
Seventhly I claim the arranging or combining parts, whereby the
parts for operating the selvage motion may be readily disconnected and
replaced by the use of a combined lover arm, substantially as described.
Eighthly I claim the method of operating to check the motion of tho
weft rod at the opposite ends of its motion by clastic pressure, sub-
stantially as described.
Ninthly. I claim the application of the weighted sliding stop for
retaining the setting-on lever when the loom is at rest, substantially as
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Holdsworth, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of January in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
S1x.