Undue Heating and the Stoppages Necessitated thereby.
Year: 1884

page_text: Undue Heating and the Stoppages Necessitated thereby.
I RICHARD POWLES of 34 South John Street Liverpool in the County of
Lancaster Commission Agent do hereby declare the nature of my said invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN BEARINGS MAINLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF PREVENTING UNDUE
HEATING AND THE STOPPAGES NECESSITATED THEREBY to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object the prevention of dangerous heating in bearings.
and the avoidance of the necessity for stopping the engines in consequence of such
heating. It consists chiefly in forming the bearing with two or more independent
bearing surfaces so that if one heats, the other immediately comes into play allowing
the first rest and time to cool. For this purpose I form an inner bush turned
cylindrical both on outside and interior and a second bush outside of this again.
The shaft normally rotates in the inner bush the latter being stationary, should
however the internal bearing through being slightly heated commence to adhere,
the inner bush immediately commences its revolutions on the outer bush, the shaft
and the inner bush revolving together on the outer bush and when heating takes
place, between the outer bush and the inner bush, the shaft commences again to
work on the inner bush. The slightest heating in the one bush will immediately
call the other bush into play, therefore it is almost impossible with proper
management that either bearings can ever seriously heat. The slight heating
which will immediately call the other bearing into play will I believe in all
instances be so infinitessimal that it will disappear long before the other bearing
will be heated. Thus although a steamer is worked faster than at present there
will be no necessity to stop the engines to cool the bearings.
Now while the internal bush could be a simple cylinder of bronze or brass in an
outer cast iron or bronze bush I prefer the following arrangement and consider it
an important part of my invention. In place of having a simple cylinder for the
internal bush I have two, one of brass or bronze next to the shaft, the other of
iron or steel next to the outer bearing, or I form the bush of iron or steel with
The inner
brass, bronze or other anti-friction metal inlaid in the internal surface.
bush is of course formed circumferentially of two or more pieces so that it can be
tightened up.. For this purpose I form lugs on the side, and connect them with
bolts and nuts, or cause projections on each half to interlock with the other, and
tighten with wedges or lining pieces. I preferably form the outer bush with a low

page_text: projecting flange or annular tongue round the centre fitting into a similar but much
deeper flange in the inner bearing and preferably from the bottom of this groove,
the lubricating holes are drilled to the surface of the journal for lubricating the
shaft. The outer journal is formed like any other journal except that it has the
central tongue before mentioned to keep the inner bearing in place and has an oil
hole leading through the tongue, and also other oil holes to other parts of the surface
where desirable, so as to convert the groove into an oil chamber, and well lubricate
the bearings; it will be obvious that in place of the annular tongue the Bearings
can overlap or key into each other in other ways such as by outer flanges' and that
if desirable a third slipping surface can be formed between the two metals of the
inner bush.
I believe that this invention will minimise the dangers in ocean steaming caused
by the breaking down of engines as the unknown cause of shafts breaking may be
the derangement, and strains caused by heating in the bearing.
WP. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool,
and 323, High Holborn, London,
Patent Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Bearings Mainly for the Purpose of Preventing
Undue Heating and the Stoppages Necessitated thereby.
I, RICHARD POWLES of 34 South John Street, Liverpool in the county of.
Lancaster, Commission Agent, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN BEARINGS, MAINLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF PREVENTING UNDUE
HEATING, AND THE STOPPAGES NECESSITATED THEREBY, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention has for its object the prevention of dangerous heating in bearings,
and the avoidance of the necessity for stopping the engines in consequence of such
heating. It consists chiefly in forming the bearing with two or more independent
bearing surfaces, so that if ono heats, the other immediately comes into play,
allowing the first rest and time to cool.
Referring to the accompanying drawings;
Figure 1 is an elevation of pedestal constructed according to my invention.
Figure 2 longitudinal section of saine.
Figure 3, transverse section of same.
:
a set
A is a pedestal or bearing of any suitable construction, preferably made of cast
iron. It is formed in two parts bolted or screwed together, and bored or turned
out in the inside to receive a second or inner bush B, turned on its outer surface to
fit the pedestal and bored or turned out internally to fit the shaft, which it is
intended to support. The pedestal A; and bush B are both shown divided and
joined together in the centre, but if preferred, each may be made in one piece,
and fitted the one into the other, the inner bush being held in position by
screw through the pedestal, or by a washer on the shaft, or in other similar
manner. In the drawing, the inner bush B is shown formed convex on its outer
surface and the bearing formed concave to correspond thereto, as this I consider
will be a better way of retaining the inner bush in position, than by means of set
screws or flanges. D are oil channels leading through the bush to the shaft. E are
oil funnels for lubricating the surfaces between the bearing A and bush B, and
Foil funnels for lubricating the shaft in the bush B. The bushes and bearing
may be made in any number of parts joined together, as found desirable, but I prefer
to make them in two parts.
In a "thrust bush," a tongue or other mode of fitting may be used to keep the
shaft in its proper place in the inner bush, and flanges handing over inner bush
from outer bush or other mode of securing the inner bush from shifting from its
proper position in the outer bush. The shaft C normally rotates in the inner
bush B in the usual way, it being stationary; should however the internal bearing
through being slightly heated commence to adhere, the inner bush immediately
commences its revolutions on the outer bush or bearing, the shaft and the inner
bush revolving together on the outer bush or bearing, and when heating takes
place, between the outer bush or bearing and the inner bush, the shaft commences
again to work on the inner bush. The slightest heating in the one bush will
immediately call the other bush into play, therefore it is almost impossible with

page_text: proper management that either bearings can ever seriously heat.
The slight
heating which will immediately call the other bearing into play, will I believe in
all instances be so infinitesimal that it will disappear long before the other bearing
will be heated.
An indicator may be placed on outer bush or otherwise, to give notice that the
shaft has clogged in inner bush, and that the inner bush has commenced to revolve
in the outer bush.
In the drawings, I have shown what after considerable experiment, I now
consider the simplest and best form of carrying out the invention for ordinary
purposes. In my provisional specification, I described an arrangement for building
up or constructing the bushes which I then thought would be of importance, but
I since find that it has not the value I attached to it, and as I do not intend to
make any specific claim for the details of such construction, I have not further
described it, though that arrangement for carrying out my invention may be in
some cases adopted with advantage.
I believe that this invention will minimise the dangers in ocean steaming caused
by the breaking down of engines, as the unknown cause of shafts breaking may
be the derangement and strains caused by heating in the bearing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, it will be under-
stood that I do not claim broadly the use of a bush fitted into a pedestal or
bearing to form a bearing surface for a shaft, and I am well aware that "anti-
friction" bearings have been made with rollers or balls in the bearing revolving
with the shaft, and I make no claim for such, but I declare that what I claim is
The use and manufacture of a bearing for revolving shafts or spindles having
an inner bush turned or formed with two independent bearing surfaces, the
external surface being free to revolve against the outer bearing, and against the
internal surface, the shaft is free to revolve, substantially as and for the purposes
described.