Washing, Dyeing, and other analogous Purposes.
Year: 1885

page_text: Washing, Dyeing, and other analogous Purposes.
We, RICHARD HENRY AINSWORTH, Bleacher and Dyer, and EARDLEY BLOIS
MANBY, Manager, both of Halliwell Bleach Works, Halliwell near Bolton in the
County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of our Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR SCOURING, WASHING, DYEING,
AND OTHER ANALOGOUS PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to improvements in the construction of apparatus for the
continuous operation of scouring, washing, dunging, dyeing, and other analogous
purposes of cloth or woven fabrics by the combined agency of liquor and steam,
water and steam, or dye liquor and steam, which may be operated upon in the
open, or in the rope form in the operation of scouring alone, and consists of an
oblong or other metallic casing or cistern provided with an inverted inner, casing
or midfeathers and top secured or fixed thereto, leaving suitable cavities or
passages at each end for the passage of cloth or other woven fabrics into and
from the same. This apparatus is provided internally with top and bottom friction
rollers or guides, the bottom ones being immersed in liquor or water, the upper
ones being in the space allotted for steam.
When steam is admitted into the apparatus the liquor or water from the bottom
end thereof rises in separate columns up the cavities or passages at each end
sufficiently to balance the pressure of steam employed, which causes the liquid in
the internal part of the casing or cistern to fall to a lower level than when
admitted and ensures scouring, washing, or otherwise by the combined action of
liquor or water and steam alternately. The cloth or woven fabric is passed down
the inlet into and through the liquor or water to a guide roller round which it is
passed upwards to a corresponding roller mounted in the steam space, from whence
it passes down again into the liquid and so on according to the number of rollers
or guides employed therein. Each alternate or other top roller is provided with
a squeezer roller for the purpose of removing and cleansing dirt from the cloth in
its passage from the action of steam to liquor or water, from whence it rises up the
opposite or outlet cavity or passage and through the column of liquor or water to
a pair of squeezer rollers mounted thereon; the liquid from the same being directed
into the outlet passage of the cistern.
The whole of the squeezer rollers are driven and pressure imparted to the same
by any suitable means, which, in the case of scouring disintegrates motes or seeds

page_text: and other imperfections with the object of either partially or entirely removing
and perfectly cleansing the cloth or woven fabric.
If desired two or more open lengths of cloth can be operated upon at one time
by the application of other rollers disposed so as not to interfere with each other.
In operating upon the cloth in rope form several strands may be passed through
at once, being separated by suitable guides.
This apparatus can be formed in any convenient manner as desired and is
provided with an inlet and reduction valve adjusted to maintain an uniform
pressure to support or balance the liquid in the inlet and outlet cavities.
The rollers that are driven by power are provided on the outside of the casing
with suitable stuffing boxes and glands to prevent the escape of steam.
If desired several cisterns can be employed in which case the cloth can be passed
from one to the other when necessary for passing the same through varying
liquids or pressures.
The novelty of this invention is that cloth is passed through liquor, water, or
dye liquor into steam, in which the same is operated upon by squeezer rollers thus
subjecting the cloth to the action of steam when scouring, washing, dyeing,
dunging, and other operations, after which it is re-dipped or drawn through the
liquor or water and the steaming and squeezing operation repeated alternately or
otherwise until the end of the cistern is reached when the cloth is passed through
the liquid in the outlet cavity, from whence it is passed through another pair of
squeezer rollers provided to remove the surplus liquid and return it to the cistern
by the outlet cavity.
1007
EDMUND CHADWICK, C.E.,
Agent for Applicants.
Improvements in the Construction of Apparatus for Scouring,
Washing, Dyeing, and other analogous Purposes.
We, RICHARD HENRY AINSWORTH, Bleacher and Dyer, and EARDLEY BLOIS
MANBY, Manager, both of Halliwell Bleach Works, Halliwell near Bolton in the
County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR SCOURING, WASHING,
DYEING, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS PURPOSES," and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
Our invention relates to improvements in the construction of apparatus for the
continuous operation of scouring, washing, dunging, dyeing, and other analogous

page_text: purposes of cloth or woven fabrics by the combined agency of alkaline solution
and steam, water and steam, or dye-liquor and steam, which may be operated upon
in the open, or in the rope form, and consists of an oblong or other metallic casing
or cistern provided with an inverted inner casing or midfeathers and top secured
or fixed thereto, leaving suitable cavities or passages at each end for the passage of
cloth or other woven fabrics into and from the same. This apparatus is provided
internally with top and bottom friction rollers or guides, the bottom ones being
immersed in liquor or water, the upper ones being in the space allotted for steam.
When steam is admitted into the apparatus the liquor or water from the bottom
end rises in separate columns up the cavities or passages at each end sufficiently
to balance the pressure of steam employed, which causes the liquid in the internal
part of the casing or cistern to fall to a lower level than when admitted and
ensures scouring, washing, or otherwise by the combined action of liquor or water
and steam alternately. The cloth or woven fabric is passed down the inlet into
and through the liquor or water to a guide roller round which it is passed upwards
to a corresponding roller mounted in the steam space, from whence it passes down
again into the liquid and so on according to the number of rollers or guides
employed therein. Suitable squeezer rollers are mounted on the outlet cavity or
passage of each cistern and are driven and pressure imparted by any suitable
means, which, in the case of scouring, disintegrates motes or seeds and other
imperfections and partially or entirely removes and cleanses the cloth or woven
fabric.
If desired several cisterns can be employed in which case the cloth can be
passed from one to the other when necessary and through varying liquids or
pressures.
The novelty of this invention is that cloth is passed through liquor, water, or
dye-liquor into steam, thus subjecting it to the action of steam when scouring,
washing, dyeing, dunging, and other operations, after which it is re-dipped or
drawn through the liquor or water and steam alternately until the end of the
cistern is reached when the cloth is passed through the liquid in the outlet cavity,
from whence it is passed through a pair of squeezer rollers to remove the surplus
liquid and return it to the cistern by the outlet cavity.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of our improvements in the con-
struction of apparatus for the continuous operation of scouring, washing, dunging,
dyeing, and other analogous purposes of cloth or woven fabrics-Fig. 2 is an
enlarged sectional elevation of the cistern-Fig. 3 is a plan of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is
a sectional elevation through line A¹ B¹ in Fig. 2.
The cistern A is provided with the inverted inner casings or midfeathers B and
top C, leaving the cavities D and D¹ for the passage of cloth or other woven
fabrics into and from the same. The cistern A is provided internally with the
angle brackets E carrying the journals or bearings F in which are mounted the
friction rollers G. When steam is admitted into the cistern A. the liquor or water
from the bottom end rises in separate columns up the cavities D and D¹ sufficiently
to balance the pressure of steam employed, causing the liquid in the internal or
central part to fall to a lower level.
This apparatus operates as follows:-The cloth or woven fabric-represented by
the dotted lines H-is drawn from a batch or otherwise over the guide rail I
down into the water cistern J round the roller K and through the squeezers L.
The cloth or woven fabric then passes from the squeezers L over the roller M and
down the inlet passage D to the first bottom friction roller G, from thence to the
top friction roller G in the steam space and so on alternately in liquid and steam
until the last bottom friction roller G is reached, when it passes up the outlet
passage D to the squeezers N, from whence the surplus liquid flows down the
outlet passage D'. The cloth passes from the squeezers N to the compensator Q

page_text: and round the rollers P into the next cistern wherein the same operation is
repeated and so on according to the number of cisterns employed. The com-
pensator O is employed between each cistern to ensure an uniform tension being
maintained on the cloth in passing from one cistern to another. The squeezers L
and N are provided with the pulleys R and driven by the straps S or their
equivalents from any convenient position; they are also provided with the levers
and weights T, or their equivalents, to impart pressure so as to thoroughly remove
the surplus liquid and crush motes or seeds which have been acted upon by the
alkalies and steam under operation and to remove other impurities.
If desired the cloth or other woven fabric can be passed direct from a batch or
otherwise over the roller M into the cistern without passing through the water
trough or cistern J.
The cisterns A are provided with the water guages U; manhole V; steam
valve W; safety valve X; and reduction valve Y; the latter being adjusted to
maintain an uniform pressure to support or balance the liquid in the inlet and
outlet passages D and D'.
In operating upon cloth in rope form several strands may be passed through at
once, being separated by the guides Z shewn in Figs. 2 and 4, which can be
removed when open cloth or fabric is intended to be operated upon.
If desired varying liquids and pressures of steam may be employed in the
cisterns A. The cisterns A are provided with the tap P to charge liquor, and
the tap P2 to empty same.
We would have it understood that we are well aware that compensators have
been used to maintain an uniform tension on woven fabrics in passing from one
vessel to another, therefore we make no general claim to such, but.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:-
For scouring, washing, dunging, dyeing, and other analogous purposes of cloth
or textile fabrics or subjecting them to the action of liquids and steam alternately,
the construction and arrangement of apparatus consisting of the casings or
cisterns A provided with the friction rollers G, the squeezers N, and the inlet and
outlet passages D and D¹ to allow of the material under operation being passed
from one casing or cistern to another continuously, sul stantially as herein described
and illustrated by the drawings.
EDMUND CHADWICK, C.E.,
Agent for Applicants.