IMPROVE- MENTS IN PUMPING AND FORCING WATER, AND IN APPARATUS FOR THE SAME
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Clark, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer and Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PUMPING AND FORCING WATER, AND IN APPARATUS FOR THE SAME."
-A communication from abroad by Barthélemy Louvie, of 29, Boulevart
St. Martin, Paris, Civil Engineer.
Sealed the 31st July 1863, and dated the 27th February 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Clark at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
February 1863.
I, WILLIAM CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPING AND FORCING WATER, AND IN APPARATUS FOR
THE SAME," to be as follows:-
The improved pump, which is represented in Fig. 1 of the Drawings
annexed, has no piston nor machinery attached, and works simply by the
pressure and condensation of the steam; it produces a continuous jet, and may
be worked at any pressure. This improved pump is furnished with a peculiar
arrangement of boiler, which is self-supplying without pump, and superheating
the steam, which arrangement is represented in Fig. 2. It consists, 1st, of
two cylinders of sheet-iron or copper A, A, and also having a third chamber B,
serving as an air reservoir furnished at top with a pipe s for the exit of the

page_text: water;
this pipe descends into the reservoir as far as T. 2ndly, of two
suction tubes C, C, united at P, and of two force pipes h, h, furnished with
valves 1, 2, 3, 4. 3rdly, of a small pipe e fixed between the two barrels
of the pump forming a communication between them in order to condense the
steam by means of a jet of cold water, which, in passing from the one barrel
filled with water into the other barrel containing steam, will instantly produce
a vacuum and raise the water. Between the pump barrels is placed a
small reservoir y, y, which is kept filled with cold water and serves to keep
the pump in working order by means of pipe t, furnished with stop-cock which
is fixed on pipe v; the union 3 of pipe v communicates with the boiler, the
steam from which is introduced alternately into barrels A, A, by means of
small valves r, r, connected together by beam x, and which are opened and
closed by means of floats f, f, which fall each time the pump barrels are
emptied. The peculiar arrangement and application of these floats forms the
principal and essential feature of this improved pump. The pump is carried
on a platform n, o, p, q, of cast or sheet iron, the arrangement of the principal
parts of the pumps being shown in red in Fig. 1.
Application of the pump above described for feeding locomotive tubular boilers;
continuous feed with superheated steam and double lever safety valves.-
Pumps for feeding steam boilers ordinarily require a certain amount of power
which is obtained at the expense of the steam produced, on the other hand
the feed is only intermittent and the level of the water continually varies,
which often proves a source of danger, especially with multitubular boilers,
while even Giffard's injector draws air into the boiler and becomes inappli-
cable if it is desired to obtain steam without mixture with air. By means of
the improvements herein-after described these disadvantages will be obviated,
and the feed obtained exactly in proportion to the evaporation of the water,
the level of which remains always at the same height in the boiler. The
apparatus, Fig. 2, consists of a receiver r of suitable capacity placed above
the boiler, and furnished with a water guage n, with purge cock for indicating
whether the boiler be full or empty; this reservoir is supplied by means of one
or two pipes a, l, furnished with valves and fixed at the upper part of the cold
water vessel b, surmounting it for condensing the steam, and which pipes dip
at 1, 1, into a bath or basin kept constantly filled with water, or this basin may
be placed on the boiler instead of underneath it, in which case the vessel b, and
valves 1, 1, might be dispensed with. On the side of the receiver r opposite
to the water guage are fitted two small pipes furnished with stop-cocks c, d,
e, f, the one d furnished with cock c, preventing the water from rising in the

page_text: boiler, in which it dips to its bottom, the other f, only reaches to the level of
the water; a third pipe, also furnished with a stop-cock g, h, is connected to e, f,
on the one hand, and to the boiler on the other, serving to feed the boiler in a
single jet with all the water in the reservoir. When the water contains steam
and the reservoir r is full of water a phenomenon takes place which may be
observed by reversing a bottle full of water in a vessel, also containing water;
as long as the neck of the bottle is immersed the water will not escape, but
immediately it is withdrawn air passes in and the water will flow until the
neck be again immersed. The steam produces a similar effect in reservoir r,
the water in which descends to the bottom of the boiler by pipe c, d, each timo
the level of the water falls by evaporation below the orifice of tube e, f, which
permits the steam to enter the upper part of the reservoir, the water, being
thus between two equal pressures, will flow into the boiler by reason of its
gravity.
Lastly, one or several metal pipes t, o, closed, if desired, by means of
plug m, pass through the space traversed by the steam in order to dry and
superbeat it, thus realizing a considerable saving in fuel; a blower s is applied
for increasing the draught in the chimney, as also a double lever safety valve.p,
which may also be applied for any other similar purpose, but it is indis-
pensable as a part of the direct action pump herein-before described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Clark in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
21st August 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer and
Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of February, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said William Clark, Her special licence that I, the
said William Clark, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said William Clark, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and

page_text: lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FORCING AND PUMPING WATER AND IN
APPARATUS FOR THE SAME," a com". to me from abroad by Barthélemy Louvie,
of 29, Boulevart St. Martin, Paris, Civil Engineer, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Clark, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Clark, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
the exit of the
The improved pump, which is represented in Fig. 1 of the Drawing annexed,
has no piston nor machinery attached, and works simply by the pressure and
condensation of the steam; it produces a continuous jet, and may be worked at
any pressure. This improved pump is furnished with a peculiar arrangement
of boiler, which is self-supplying without pump, and superheats the steam,
which arrangement of boiler is represented in Fig. 2. It consists 1st, of two
cylinders of sheet iron or copper, A, A, and also having a third chamber B,
serving as an air reservoir furnished at top with a pipes for
water. This pipe descends into the reservoir as far as T. 2ndly, of two
suction tubes C, C, united at P, and of two force pipes h, h, each furnished
with valves 1, 2, 3, 4. 3rdly, of a small pipe e fixed between the two barrels
of the pump forming a communication between them in order to condense tho
steam by means of a jet of cold water, which, in passing from the one barrel
filled with water into the other barrel containing steam will instantly produce
a vacuum and raise the water. Between the two pump barrels is placed a
small reservoir y, y, which is kept filled with cold water and serves to keep
the pump in working order by means of pipe t, furnished with stop-cock
which is fixed on pipe v; the union 3 of pipe v communicates with the boiler,
the steam from which is introduced alternately into barrels A, A, by means of
small valves r, r, connected together by beam x, and which valves are
opened by means of floats f, f, which fall each time the pump barrels are
emptied. The peculiar arrangement and application of these floats form the

page_text: principal and essential feature of this improved pump.
The pump is carried
on a platform n, o, p, q, of cast or plate iron, the arrangement of the principal
parts of the pump being shown in red in Fig. 1.
Application of the pump above described for feeding locomotive tubular
boilers; continuous feed with superheated steam and double lever safety
valves. Pumps for feeding steam boilers ordinarily require a certain
amount of power which is obtained at the expense of the steam produced,
while at the same time the feed is intermittent and the level of the water
continually varies, which often proves a source of danger, especially with
tubular boilers, while even Giffard's injector carries air into the boiler, and
becomes inapplicable if it is desired to obtain steam without mixture with air.
By means of the improvements herein-after described these disadvantages will
be obviated, and the feed obtained exactly in proportion to the evaporation
of the water, the level of which remains always at the same height in the
boiler. The apparatus, Fig. 2, consists of a reservoir r of any suitable capacity
placed above the boiler and furnished with a water guage n, with blow-off cock.
for indicating whether the boiler be full or empty; this reservoir is supplied
by means of one of two pipes a, l, furnished with valves and fixed at the
upper point of the cold water vessel b, surmounting it for condensing the
steam, and which pipes dip at 1, l, into a bath or basin kept constantly filled
with water, or this basin may be placed on the boiler instead of underneath
it, in which case the vessel 6 and valves 1, 1, might be dispensed with. On
the side of the reservoir r opposite to the water guage are fitted two small
pipes furnished with stop-cocks c, d, e, f, the one d furnished with a valve c,
preventing the water from rising in the boiler, in which it dips to its bottom;
the other, f, only reaches to the level of the water; a third pipe, also
furnished with a stop-cock, g, h, is connected to e, f, on the one hand and to
the boiler on the other, serving to feed the boiler in a single jet with all
the water in the reservoir. When the boiler contains steam, and the
reservoir is full of water, a phenomenon takes place, which may be observed
by reversing a bottle full of water in a vessel also containing water; so
long as the neck of the bottle is immersed, the water will not escape, but
immediately it is withdrawn air passes in and the water will flow until the
neck be again immersed. The steam produces a similar effect in reservoir r,
the water in which descends to the bottom of the boiler by pipe c, d; cach
time that the level of the water falls by evaporation below the orifice of tube
e, f, which permits the steam to enter the upper part of the reservoir, the
water, being thus between two equal pressures, will flow into the boiler by

page_text: reason of its gravity. Lastly, one or several metal pipes t, o, closed, if desired,
by means of plug m, pass through the space traversed by the steam in order
to dry and superheat it, thus realizing a considerable saving in fuel, a blower s
is applied for increasing the draught in the chimney, as also a double lever
safety valve p, which is indispensable as a part of the direct-action pump
herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Clark, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
Witness,
W. G. E. SWINNOCK,
58, Chancery Lane,
London.
W. CLARK.
(L.S.)