IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COOLING LIQUIDS
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Towlson, of the Parish of Heigham, in the
City of Norwich, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR COOLING LIQUIDS."
Sealed the 5th April 1864, and dated the 5th October 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Towlson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th October 1863.
I, JOHN TOWLSON, of the Parish of Heigham, in the City of Norwich,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COOLING LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
My improvements consist of two sets of cylinders of copper or other suitable
material, so constructed as to form a series of channels or tubes through which
the liquor passes. The cylinders are so arranged that one set fits into the other,
but each being quite independent of the other they can be readily taken apart
for cleansing. The wort or liquor to be cooled is made to pass from the centre
to the circumference, or vice versa. The water for cooling enters the machine
in two currents, one flowing through at the bottom and the other at the top.
There is a partition of copper or other suitable material placed between each
pipe or series of cylinders, reaching nearly to the top, to cause the water to
flow under the pipes and over the partitions in opposite directions to the wort,
or vice versa, and it is also caused to flow into the top of the machine by the

page_text: There is a small pipe in each tube connected to a main pipe
with a small brass cock at its end to let out the wort or liquor to be cooled,
which remains in the pipes or channels after working, and also for the purpose
of drawing off the water when being cleansed. There is a similar appliance at
the top of the machine for the same purpose, but if it is desired to have the wort
or liquor to be cooled exposed to the air no top will be required, nor the small
pipes before mentioned, but there is merely a pipe attached from one tube to
the other, so that it leaves all the top exposed to the atmosphere.
In making a refrigerator of this description I obtain a great amount of
surface in a small space. For some purposes the machine is constructed so
that the liquor to be cooled is not exposed to the atmosphere to prevent
evaporation.
The machine can be made to any size, and I do not confine myself to any
particular dimensions of any of the parts, but I claim as my Invention
substantially the peculiar construction of the machine, as herein specified.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Towlson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
5th April 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
TOWLSON, of the Parish of Heigham, in the City of Norwich, Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said John Towlson, Her special licence that I, the said John Towlson, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Towlson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
COOLING LIQUIDS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John
Towlson, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
his, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same

page_text: was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Towlson, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My improvements consist of cylinders of copper or other suitable material,
so constructed as to form a series of channels or tubes, through which the
liquor passes; the cylinders are so arranged that one set fits into the other,
thereby forming annular spaces round each tube or channel, but each being
quite independent of the other, they can be readily taken apart for cleaning.
The liquor to be cooled is made to pass from the centre to the circumference,
or vice versa. The water for cooling enters the machine in two currents, one
flowing through at the bottom and the other at the top. There is a partition
of copper or other suitable material placed between each pipe or series of
cylinders reaching nearly to the top to cause the water to flow into the pipes
and over the partitions in opposite directions to the wort, or vice versâ, and it
is also caused to flow into the top of the machine by the same means. There
is a small pipe in each tube connected to a main pipe with a small brass cock
at its end to let out the wort or liquor to be cooled, which remains in the pipes
or channels after working, and also for the purpose of drawing off the water
when being cleansed. There is a similar appliance at the top of the machine
for the same purpose, but if it be desired to have the wort or liquor to be
cooled exposed to the air no top will be required, nor the small pipes before
mentioned, but there is merely a partition dropt in between each tube or
channel, reaching nearly to the bottom and a little above thé tubes, so as to
cause the wort or liquor to flow over the tube and under the partitions, and so
that it leaves all the top exposed to the atmosphere.
In making a refrigerator of this description I obtain a great amount of
surface in a small space. For some purposes the machine is constructed so
that the liquor to be cooled is not exposed to the atmosphere to prevent
evaporation.
The machine can be made to any size, and I do not confine myself to any
particular dimensions of any of the parts.
And in order that the same may be more fully understood, reference is had
to the Drawings hereunto annexed and to the following description thereof,
the same letters referring to similar parts in each of the Drawings.

page_text: Figure 1 is an elevation of the machine; Figure 2 is a plan of the same;
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation.
A is the inlet for the wort; A 1 is the outlet for the same; B is the inlet;
B1 is the outlet for the water; D, D, D, D, are small tubes leading into the
pipe E to let out the wort that remains in the machine after working;
A, A, A, is a similar appliance at the top of the machine for the same purpose.
1, 3, 5, 7 are concentric partitions in the top of the machine, to cause the water
to flow under the partition and over the tubes to the outlet B 1; 2, 4, 6, 8
are similar partitions in the bottom of the machine to cause the water to flow
over the partitions and under the tube to the outlet B 1.) The arrows will
sufficiently shew the direction the wort and the water takes. Figure 4 is a
sectional plan taken at A, A; Figure 5 is a broken sectional elevation with
the top of the machine partly raised to shew the enlarged space left for the
purpose of cleaning out.
Having described the nature of my Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not claim any
of the parts separately; but that what I claim as my Invention is the com-
bination and arrangement, as herein-before described for cooling liquids.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Towlson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Second day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
JOHN TOWLSON.
(L.S.)