IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR RAILS AND SLEEPERS OF RAILWAYS AND TRAMWAYS
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jorgen Daniel Larsen, of No. 1, The Avenue,
Blackheath, in the County of Kent, Civil Engineer, for the In-
vention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR RAILS AND SLEEPERS OF
RAILWAYS AND TRAMWAYS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jorgen Daniel Larsen
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 18th February 1871.
I, JORGEN DANIEL LARSEN, of No. 1, The Avenue, Blackheatli, in thic
County of Kent, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR RAILS AND SLEEPERS OF
RAILWAYS AND TRAMWAYS," to be as follows:-
The vertical side of the rail extended as a flange below the upper edge
of the longitudinal sleeper has a hole through it which may be of any
form. When the rail is placed upon the sleeper a bent metal piece or
half staple is inserted into the hole, and is also fixed to the vertical side
of the sleeper by a peg, spike, nail, screw, or other means. The part of

page_text: the bent metal piece or half staple inserted into the hole may be so long
as to enter also a corresponding hole in the other vertical side of the
rail extended as a flange.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Jorgen Daniel Larsen in the Great Seal Patent
Oflice on the 5th August 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JORGEN
DANIEL LARSEN, of No. 1, the Avenue, Blackheath, in the County of
Kent, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the
thirty-fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Jorgen Daniel Larsen, Her special
licence that I, the said Jorgen Daniel Larsen, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Jorgen Daniel Larsen,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agrec
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
usc, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Ohannel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR RAILS AND SLEEPERS OF RAILWAYS AND
TRAMWAYS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Jorgen
Daniel Larsen, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and scals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the samo was to be performed, and cause the same to
bo filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar months
next.and immediately after the date of tho said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jorgen Daniel Larsen, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, that is to say:-
The vertical or upright side of the rail intended to be fastened to a
sleeper is so made as to extend in the manner of a flange or flanges

page_text: below the upper surface of the sleeper, cither on one or on both sides of
the sleeper. An aperture is made in cach flange so as to be a short
distance from the upper edge of the sleeper when the rail is placed
thereon. To fix the rail to the sleeper à bent metal piece or half staple
is inserted into the hole in the flange and driven home, and is also fixed
to the vertical side of the sleeper. The part of the metal piece or half
staple inserted into the hole may be of various forms, and may be so
long as to go through the sleeper and to enter also a corresponding hole
in the other vertical side of the rail extended as a flange. The metal
piece may be of such form as to pass through at once two or more holes
in the same flange.
The Drawings shew one of the modes of performing my Invention as
described above, wherein Figure 1 represents in cross section the rail and
flanges; Figure 2 shows in clevation the metal piece inserted in the
hole in the rail; Figure 3 represents in cross section the rail when
attached to the sleeper. The same letters indicate similar parts in each
of the Figures.
A is the upper side of the rail; B, one of the vertical sides; C, a hole
in the flange; D, the sleeper; E, the metal piece or half staple; F, that
part of it which enters the flange; G, the part otherwise fixed in the
sleeper.
I do not confine my Invention to the mode indicated in the above
Drawing, but what I claim is, the manner of fastening rails and sleepers
herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jorgen Daniel Larsen, have hercunto
set my hand and seal, this Third day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
0
Witness,
JN°. GREEN,
Clerk to Ashurst, Morris, & Co.,
Agents for the Patentee.
J. D. LARSEN. (L.S.)