Improvements in Apparatus for Cleansing Wool and like Materials.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 3rd July, 1889-Accepted, 3rd Aug.,
1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Cleansing Wool and like Materials.
We, IGNATIUS SINGER, of Gresham House, Old Broad Street, in the City of
London, Analytical Chemist, and MORITZ WOLFF JUDELL, also of Gresham House,
in the City of London, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
In the Specification No. 2532 of 1888 we have described a process and apparatus
for cleansing wool and like materials and for removing fatty matters and other
impurities therefrom.
The wool, in a fleece or thin sheet, is carried between travelling bands or aprons
through a number of compartments containing bisulphide of carbon or other suitable
solvent of fatty matter and then through several compartments containing water to
dissolve alkalino salts, and afterwards it is dried. The solvent also is recovered
by distillation from the wool and from the sludge deposited in the cleansing
process.
Our present invention relates to automatic apparatus for effecting suitable feed of
the solvent and of the water, to an improved arrangement of the drying apparatus,
and to the construction of the kiln for evaporating the solvent from the muddy
matter dredged from the cells.
For supplying the solvent and the water in such a manner that only water shall
flow into the water compartments and only solvent into the compartiments appropriated
to it, we take advantage of the difference of specific gravity of the two fluids in
the following manner. We supply both fluids into one vessel in which there is a
float so adjusted that it will always occupy a position at or near the line of demarcation
due to the relative gravities of the fluids.
This float as it ascends or descends opens the one and closes the other of two
feed valves, the one when open allowing the one fluid to flow out to its
compartments, the other allowing the other fluid to flow out to its compartments.
For drying the wool after it has passed through the compartments subject to the
solvent and to the water, we cause it to pass in a zigzag manner through between a
number of steam heated rollers and finally out between two pressing rollers at the
mouth of the drying chamber.
In the outlet from the chamber we arrange a steam jet to act as an ejector
drawing the vapours from the drying chamber and directing them into a cooled coil
where they are condensed.
In like manner by means of this or another steam jet we draw vapours
from the space containing the solvent compartments, which vapours are also
condensed.
The kiln for evaporating the solvent from the muddy matter dredged from the
cells consists of a steam cased cylinder within which revolves a worm having a
tubular axis which is also supplied with steam. The sludge is fed in at one end of
the cylinder and is conveyed along it by the action of the worm, receiving heat
from it as well as from the wall of the cylinder, and is discharged at the opposite
end.
A pipe from the upper side of the cylinder leads to the condenser, and in this
pipe there is a steam jet acting as an ejector to withdraw the vapour evolved from
the sludge in its passage along the cylinder.
Dated this 3rd day of October 1888.
ABEL & IMRAI,
Agents for the Applicants..

page_text: COME IN DI DUITIVATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Cleansing Wool and like Materials.
We IGNATIUS SINGER of Gresham House, Old Broad Street in the City of
London, Analytical Chemist, and MORITZ WOLFF JUDELL, also of Gresham House
in the City of London, Merchant do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
In the Specification No. 2532 of 1888 we have described a process and apparatus
for cleansing wool and like materials and for removing fatty matters and other
impurities therefrom.
The wool in a fleece or thin sheet is carried between travelling bands or aprons
through a number of compartments containing bisulphide of carbon or other suitable
solvent of fatty matter and then through several compartments containing water to
dissolve alkaline salts, and afterwards it is dried. The solvent also is recovered by
distillation from the wool and from the sludge deposited in the cleansing process.
Our present invention relates to automatic apparatus for effecting suitable feed of the
solvent and of the water, and we describe but do not claim an improved arrangement
of the drying apparatus and a construction of the kiln for evaporating the solvent
from the muddy matter dredged from the cells. For supplying the solvent and the
water in such a manner that only water shall flow into the water compartments and
only solvent into the compartments appropriated to it, we take advantage of the
difference of specific gravity of the two fluids in the following manner.
We supply
both fluids into one vessel in which there is a float so adjusted that it will always
occupy a position at or near the line of demarcation due to the relativo gravities of
the fluids. This float as it ascends or descends opens the one and closes the other of
two feed valves the one when open allowing the one fluid to flow out to its
compartments, the other allowing the other fluid to flow out to its compartiments.
For drying the wool after it has passed through the compartments subject to the
solvent and to the water, we cause it to pass in a zig zag manner through between a
number of steam heated rollers and finally out between two pressing rollers at the
mouth of the drying chambers.
In the outlet from the chamber we arrange a steam jet to act as an ejector drawing
the vapours from the drying chamber and directing them into a cooled coil where they
are condensed. In like manner by means of this or another steam jet we draw
vapours from the space containing the solvent compartments which vapours are also
condensed. The kiln for evaporating the solvent from the muddy matter dredged
from the cells consists of a steam cased cylinder within which revolves a worm
having a tubular axis which is also supplied with steam.
The sludge is fed in at one end of the cylinder and is conveyed along it by the
action of the worin, receiving heat from it as well as from the wall of the cylinder,
and is discharged at the opposite end.
A pipe from the upper side of the cylinder leads to the condensor, and in this
pipe there is a steam jet acting as an ejector to withdraw the vapour evolved from
the sludge in its passage along the cylinder.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings is a longitudinal section of the macerator
apparatus described in our former Specification No. 2532 of 1888 with modifications
according to our present invention. Instead of charging with water only two of the
cells at the end of the macerator where the wool leaves it, we charge a greater
number preferably not less than four with water, in order more effectually to clear
the wool from soluble salts, and we provide at the end of these cells the arrangement
for automatically feeding the solvent and the water so as to keep their respective
levels approximately constant. In this apparatus there is a tank A supplied by the
pipe B with the solvent, in this case carbon bisulphide, and with water, and in the
tank there is a float the weight of which is so adjusted. that it will float on
the carbon bisulphide but will sink in water, consequently when the tank contains

page_text: both these liquids, the float will take a position at or near their line of demarcation.
The float rod is jointed to two levers D and E to which are jointed valves seating
on the mouths of two outlet pipes F and G, the one F leading to the water cells of
the macerator, and the other G loading to the first of the cells which are to be fed
with the solvent. The last of the water cells has an overflow pipe H determining
the level of the water in these cells. When the tank A contains water in excess, the
float C sinks, opening the water outlot F, and closing the outlet G for the solvent.
When on the other hand there is excess of the carbon bisulphide in A, the float C
rises closing the water outlet F and opening G by which the solvent flows into the
macerator cells.
For the purpose of draining and drying the wool after it leaves the cells of the
macerator, we cause it as before to travel up to the drying chamber above the macerator,
but in this drying chamber we cause it to pass in a zig zag manner as in the
macerator itself between a number of steam heated rollers K and finally out between
two pressing rollers K¹. In order that the vapours evolved in the drying chamber
may not issue at the exit mouth where the rollers K¹ are situated we provide a steam
jet L which acts as an ejector causing. these vapours to pass into the condenser.
We also provide in the partition ja valve which can be opened so as to cause such
vapours as may be evolved in the macerator to pass to the condenser along with the
vapours from the drying chamber. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the kiln
which we employ for drying the sludge that is dredged from the cells of the
macerator.
A steam cased cylinder M has revolving within it a worm N the axis of which
is tubular and supplied with steam. The slude being fed in at O is by the rotation
of the worm N moved along the cylinder and turned over and over subject to the
heat of the casing and of the worm itself, becoming dried in its passage, and finally
issuing at P. The vapours evolved from the sludge are conducted by the pipe Q
to the condenser, their flow being promoted by the ejector action of a steam
jet R.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
In the tank for supplying the macerator with water and solvent, the combination
of the adjusted float, the levers to which it is jointed and the valves operated thereby,
substantially as described.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicants.