IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF ANILINE BLACK
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Holliday, of the Firm of Read, Holliday, and
Sons, of Huddersfield, in the County of York, Manufacturing Chemist, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF ANILINE BLACK." A
communication from abroad by William Jules Samuel Grawitz, of No. 32,
Boulevard Henri IV., Paris, in the Republic of France, Civil Engineer.
Sealed the 16th January 1880, and dated the 21st July 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Holliday at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st July 1879.
(5
THOMAS HOLLIDAY, of the Firm of Read, Holliday, and Sons, of Huddersfield,
in the County of York, Manufacturing Chemist. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRO-
DUCTION OF ANILINE BLACK." (A communication from abroad by William Jules
Samuel Grawitz, of No. 32, Boulevard Henri IV., Paris, in the Republic of France,
Civil Engineer.)
The Invention consists in forming a mixture proper for the production of aniline
black by the reunion of the following elements in water, viz., soluble chlorate or
perchlorate, pure or commercial aniline-inorganic acid or acids, and oxides of certain
metals.
The mineral acid or acids and aniline being in the mixture in such relative
proportions that their combination would constitute, a neutral, or better, a slightly
basic soluble salt.
The metallic oxides must contain more than one equivalent of oxygen, and be
such as are known to be capable of aiding the decomposition of the chlorates.
A larger quantity of mineral acid than specified causes the formation of black in
the mixture before it can be applied, but certain organic acids, such as acetic or
tartaric acids, either free or combined with the oxides specified, can be added
without inconvenience and sometimes with advantage. The best relative propor-
tions of chlorate, aniline, and oxide are those of their chemical equivalents, but a
good black can be obtained by decreasing the quantity of oxide and chlorate. The
D131

page_text: quantity of aniline in the total volume may vary; a proportion of from six to ten
¯per cent gives-a-good-black, and less gives grey shades.
The colour-developes after application made with or without thickening according
to the purpose to which it is applied by any of the means now used to develop
aniline blacks.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thomas Holliday in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 21st January
1880.
THOMAS HOLLIDAY, of the Firm of Read, Holliday, and Sons, of Huddersfield,
in the County of York, Manufacturing Chemist. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRO-
DUCTION OF ANILINE BLACK." A communication from abroad by William Jules
Samuel Grawitz, of No. 32, Boulevard Henri IV., Paris, in the Republic of France,
Civil Engineer.
The Invention consists in forming a mixture proper for the production of aniline
black by the reunion of the following elements in water, viz., soluble chlorate or
perchlorate, pure or commercial aniline, inorganic acid or acids, and oxides of
certain metals.
The mineral acid or acids and aniline being in the mixture in such relative pro-
portions that their combination. would constitute a neutral, or better, a slightly
basic soluble salt.
The metallic oxides must contain more than one equivalent of oxygen, and bo
such as are known to be capable of aiding the decomposition of the chlorates; for
example, oxides (other than the protoxides) of manganese, of iron, of nickel, of
cobalt, of copper, the binoxide of lead, and such like."
A larger quantity of mineral acid than specified causes the formation of black in
the mixture before it can be applied, but certain organic acids, such as acetic or
tartaric acids, either free or combined with the oxides specified, can be added without
inconvenience and sometimes with advantage. The best relative proportions of
chlorate, aniline, and oxide are those of their chemical equivalents, but a good
black can be obtained by decreasing the quantity of oxide and chlorate.
The quantity of aniline in the total volume may vary; a proportion of from six
to ten per cent.gives-a-good-black, and less gives grey shades. The color develops
aftor application made with or without thickening according to the purpose-to
which it is applied by any of the means now used to develop aniline blacks.
Thus for example take by weight,-
Water
•
White starch (amidon blanc)
-
800 parts.
-
150 parts.
British gum (amidon grillé)
Chlorate of potash
50 parts.
70 parts.
Heat this mixture in the ordinary manner and add thereto when cooled,-
Aniline
•
100 parts.
Dissolved in
Muriatic acid, 1,160, specific gravity
And water
Then lastly add,―
100 parts.
100 parts.
Oxide of iron precinitated by notash from 200 narts of

page_text: Having thus described the Invention and means adopted in carrying the same
into effect, I would have it understood that what I claim as the Invention com-
municated to me is, the improvements in the production of aniline black, sub-
stantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Holliday, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentieth day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
Witness,
ALFRED G. BROOKES,
37, Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane,
London.
THOMAS HOLLIDAY. (L.S.)