IMPROVED HOISTING APPARATUS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughts-
man, for the Invention of "IMPROVED HOISTING APPARATUS."--A com-
munication from abroad by John James Doyle and James Christison,
both of the City of New York, United States of America.
Sealed the 13th May 1862, and dated the 17th December 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th December 1861.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED HOISTING APPARATUS," to be
as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to obtain a powerful, and at the same time
à simple and compact hoisting device capable of general application, but more
especially adapted to the lifting or hoisting of heavy weights. To this end two
chain pulleys of different diameters keyed on the same axle are mounted in
a suspended block, and around them, and also around a chain pulley mounted
in another block is passed an endless chain for the purpose of supporting this
second block, together with the load that is to be lifted, which is secured thereto
by means of a pendent hook. The apparatus is set in action by rotary motion.
being imparted by a winch, pulley, or otherwise, to the chain pullies in one or
other block. The effect of this is to cause the larger of the pullies in the
upper block to take up the chain more quickly than it is delivered to the

page_text: lower chain pulley by the smaller pulley of the upper block, and thus gradually
to diminish the distance between the lower and upper blocks. The slack por-
tion of chain is thus produced, which by the aid of guide rollers fitted in the
fixed block is guided out of the path of movement of the lower block.
Instead of an endless chain with toothed pullies, ropes, bands, or straps 5
provided with suitable means for gripping the periphery on their pullies may
be employed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 17th June 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight bundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Alfred Vincent Newton, Her special license, that I, the said Alfred
Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter, during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVED HOISTING APPARATUS," being a communication from abroad upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-

page_text: ine object of this ruvention as communicated to me by my foreign corres-
pondent, is to obtain a powerful, and at the same time a simple and compact
hoisting device capable of general application, but more especially adapted to
the lifting or hoisting of heavy weights.
The Invention consists in the employment or use of two pulleys of different
diameters, and an endless chain, band, or rope applied to the pulleys, and
arranged substantially as herein-after described, whereby the desired end is
attained.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 is a side view of the Invention, the
sides of the shells of the blocks nearest the eye being removed; Fig. 2 is an
edge view of the same, the shells of the blocks being bisected centrally; and
Fig. 3 is a central section of the upper block of the same. Similar letters
of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several Figures.
A represents a block in which two pulleys a, b, are placed, and keyed on
a common axle c. The pulleys a, b, are toothed, and they are of the same
pitch, but different diameters, consequently, the one has more teeth than the
other, the difference in the number of teeth corresponding to the difference
in the diameter of the pulleys.
The axis c extends through the shell of the block A at one end, so that a
pulley & may be placed on it, and B is an endless chain, which passes around
the two pulleys a, b, in the block A, and around a toothed pulley e in a
block C, as shown clearly in Figs. 1 and 2. The axis of the pulley e, may
have a crank f, attached as shown in Fig. 2. To the block A there are
attached two guide rollers g, g, one opposite each pulley a, b, and a roller h is
also attached to the lower part of the block A. The function of these rollers will
be presently shown. Into the links of the chain B the teeth of the pulleys
a, b, take, so that all slipping is effectually prevented. To the lower block C the
weight or article D to be hoisted is attached, and the upper block A is sus-
pended by a swivel E from any suitable or convenient support F.
The operation is as follows:-The pulley d of the upper block A, or the
pulley e of the lower block C, may be rotated by any convenient power, and
at every revolution of the pulleys a, b, in a direction from left to right, as
indicated by arrow 1, the lower block C with its weight D will be elevated in
space a distance equivalent to the difference between the diameters of the
pulleys a, b. For instance, if the larger pulley a has 17 teeth, and the smaller
pulley 616 teeth, the block C will be elevated vertically a corresponding
distance, and the "slack" of the chain designated by B', will be increased in
length a corresponding distance. Whatever power therefore is applied to
the pulley d or e, is multiplied 17 times in being transmitted to the weight D,

page_text: .
through the medium of the chain B, and pulleys a, b. The power and speed
of course may be varied according as the diameters of the pulleys a, b, vary
more or less in relation to each other. The rollers g, g, h, serve as guides
for the slack portion B' of the chain, and keep the latter out of the path of
the movement of the lower block C. By reversing the movement of the
pulleys, the weight D'of course will descend. I may here remark that the
like effect may be obtained by devices equivalent to a pitch chain and toothed
pulleys. Thus ropes or bands, for instance, with knots, balls, chocks, or
stops attached, may be used in lieu of a chain, and in connection with the
above pulleys with embedded spaces, or sectional stops may be used in order
to ensure a firm and sufficient grip or hold of the chain, rope, or band in all
positions during the elevation, suspension, or descent of load attached thereto.
This Invention may be used for lifting loads through short spaces, and may
be enclosed in a block casing similar to the usual lifting jack. And the
slack B of the chain B, may be attached to the barrel or roller of any crane,
windlass, or hoisting gin, for the purpose of increasing the power or con-
venience in the working of the same.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of improved hoisting
apparatus, as communicate to me by my foreign correspondent, and ex-
plained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be under-
stood that under the above in part recited Letters Patent, I claim,―
Ist, the employment or use of the pulleys of different diameters, mounted
as above described in connection with the endless chain, or its equivalent,
arranged and applied substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
- 2nd, in connection with the pulleys and chain, or its equivalent, the lower
pulley e, and guide rollers, arranged to operate as and for the purpose set
fórth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have hereunto.
set my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
A. V. NEWTON. (L.S.)