AN IMPROVED CARPENTER'S PLANE
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Müller, of the City, County, and State of
New York, United States of America, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED
CARPENTER'S PLANE."
Sealed the 14th September 1866, and dated the 5th April 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Müller at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
April 1866.
I, GEORGE MÜLLER, of the City, County, and State of New York, United
States of America, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED CARPENTER'S PLANE," to be as follows:-
The said Invention consists chiefly in so placing the plane iron or cutting
bit in relation to the stock, that the cutting edge of the bit shall extend nearly
to or project beyond the forward end of the said stock for the purpose of
enabling workmen to plane into the angles of stationary or framed work, whether
of a square or moulded form, and in so applying the cap iron to the bit aud.to
an adjustable or sliding box, which is secured to the plane stock, as to.render
the plane irons or cutters capable of the nicest adjustment in relation to the
said plane stock, and of being firmly held by means of a carrier or fork
within the said box regulated by set screws. The plane iron is so placed in
the plane stock as to extend nearly to or beyond the front of the latter, and
has for convenience of removal a stud near its upper end. Upon the face of

page_text: box.
the cap iron is formed a lip or projection near each end for the reception of
the sliding box. The said sliding box contains a carrier forked at its lower
end, through holes in the arms or tines of which a horizontal pivot passes
extending outward through slots formed in both sides of the said sliding box
and the plane stock. The said carrier is regulated and held in position by
means of screws at its upper end passing through the top of the said sliding
A clamp or thumb screw is inserted in a hole formed in the face of the
said sliding box, which passes between the arms of the said carrier and abuts
against the face of the said cap iron for the purpose of pressing this iron and
the plane iron against the back portion of the plane stock; and thereby holding
the said irons firmly in place. The front end of the plane stock, or that portion
of it in front of the said cutting bit, may be formed of metal and united in any
convenient manner to the back portion of the plane stock. Between these two
portions is the throat of the plane. The cutting bit is first placed in the throat
of the plane, then the forked carrier is placed in the sliding box and secured
therein by means of holding and set screws; this box is then seated upon the
face of the cap iron between the said lips or projections. The said clamp.screw
having been passed through the sliding box until it àbuts against the face of
the cap iron, the said box is inserted in the throat of the plane, then the said
horizontal pivot is passed through the sides of the plane stock and sliding box
and the said arms of the carrier. The said irons are adjusted in relation to
each other and to the plane stock in a longitudinal direction by simply
turning the set screws which move the sliding box, and at the some time the
'cap iron in either direction as may be desired. Should a transverse adjust-
ment of the irons be desired, it can be obtained by slackening one of the set
screws and tightening the other. When the irons are properly adjusted they
are held in position by the said clamp screw and the binding screw passing
through the top of the sliding box and pressing against the forked carrier and
the cap iron.
.
By the above arrangement of the parts the sliding box is made a lever of
which the pin passing through the forked carrier is the fulcrum, and, the
power being applied through the said clamp screw the pressure is exerted
against the cap iron and the cutting bit and is equally distributed over that
portion of the surface of the throat of the plane stock on which, the cutting bit
rests, and for which reason the plane stock will not become swollen or
crushed down in the rear of the bit and below the surface of the face of the
lane stack

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Müller in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 15th
September 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
MÜLLER, of the City, County, and State of New York, United States of America,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said George Müller, Her special licence that I, the said George Müller,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
George Müller, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
CARPENTER'S PLANE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
George Müller, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Müller, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, and the accompanying Drawings, of which Fig. 1 is a top view
of a carpenter's plane with my Invention applied to it; Fig. 2 is a side
elevation; Fig. 3, a vertical section; Fig. 4 is an edge view of the bit iron;
Fig. 5, an edge view of the cap iron or base of the sliding box; Fig. 6,
a view of the sliding box with its slots; Fig. 7, a view of the sliding box
in connection with the joint pin, forked prize piece or carrier and set screws;
Fig. 8, an edge view of said prize fork; and Fig. 9, a plan of same.
This Invention relates to a carpenter's plane in which the plane iron or bit
is so placed in relation to the plane stock, that the cutting edge of the bit
shall be forward of or project beyond the forward end of the plane stock for
the purpose of planing into the angles of stationary or framed carpenter work,

page_text: whether of square or moulded form, and thereby enable the carpenter to refit
his doors, window frames, sashes, etc. to their frames with facility and despatch.
And besides this the cap iron is so applied to the bit and to an adjustable or
sliding box, which is pivoted in the plane stock, as to render the plane irons
or cutters capable of the nicest adjustment and stability in relation to the plane
stock by means of a carrier or prize fork (within the said box) and its set
screws.
Having described the nature of my Invention, I will now explain its con-
struction and mode of operation.
In the Drawings, A is the plane stock; B, the handle; and C, the plane iron
or cutting bit; D is the cap iron, with its lips or projections d, d, for reception
of the box E. The box E has slots e, e, through which the joint pin G passes,
and contains a forked carrier F, the said carrier having holes through its arms
ff, for reception of the joint pin or pivot G, which passes through the said
arms f, f, the box E, and plane stock A. The carrier is sustained and stopped
at its opposite end by set screws g, g, h, as shown in Fig. 7. There is also
a thumb or clamping screw I, which passes through the box E, between the
forked arms of the carrier F, and abuts against the cap plate D, for the
purpose of bracing the irons C and D against the plane stock A. The front
end A¹ of the plane stock A, or that part of it in front of the bit C which
with the plane stock A forms the throat a, I make of iron, steel, or other
metal, and may be of the form shown by the red line a¹, a', if preferred. The
-bit C tapers towards its cutting end, and has a boss x on its outer end to aid
in adjusting the same.
The operation of my Invention is very simple and is as follows:--In the
first place I put the bit C in the throat a of the plane stock A; I next
set the forked prize pin F within the box E, and insert the set screws 9, 9,
and retaining screw h in the box and carrier. I then screw the clamping
screw I through the box, so as to abut against the cap plate D, I now set the
box on the said cap plate between the lips d, d, and the box thus prepared I
place in the throat a, of the plane stock A on the bit C, and I pass the joint
pin or pivot G through the iron throat a of the plane stock through the box
E and the carrier F. To adjust the cutting irons in relation to each other
and to the plane stock in a longitudinal direction will be simply to turn the
screws 9, 9, when the cap D will be carried by the box E'in the direction of
the mouth of the plane, or by a reverse motion of the screws the said cap will
be carried back from the said' mouth, because of the carrier F being held by
the joint pin G. And should a transverse adjustment of the irons be necessary,
this can be done by slacking one of the screws g and screwing the other up!

page_text: Now that the irons are properly adjusted to hold the same firmly in position I
clamp the screw I and the bearing screw h, when my improved plane is ready
for operation.
It will be seen from the above, that in the application of my Invention to a
plane stock the box E is made a lever, of which the joint pin G is the fulcrum,
and the power being applied through the clamping screw I, the pressure is
exerted against the cap plate D and the bit C, in consequence of which the
said pressure will be equally distributed over that portion of the surface of
the throat of the plane on which the bit C rests, and for which reason the
plane stock at its mouth will not become swollen or crushed down in rear of
the bit, and below the surface of the face of the plane, as is the case with tho
plane for which Letters Patent of the United States were granted to me on
the 9th of October 1865, in which the strain or pressure on the bit C by
means of the screw I is brought to bear on the mouth of the plane stock,
crushing down the mouth of the plane in rear of the bit, thus rendering my
previous Invention inoperative, and to remedy this defect prompted me to pro-
duce my present Invention, which I claim to be an improvement on the
former, and for this said improvement Letters Patent of the United States of
America were granted to me on the 4th day of May 1866.
Having described my Invention, what I claim and desire to secure by
Letters Patent is, the sliding box E with clamping screw I, and prize piece
F in combination with the cap plate D and bit C, together with placing the
same in the throat a, or forward end of the plane stock, substantially as and
for the purposes set forth and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Müller, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of July, A. D. 1866.
Witnesses,
HENRY J. BANG.
A. NEILL.
GEORGE MÜLLER. (LS.)