IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING HOOKS FOR FASTENING STEAM GAS AND WATER PIPING AND FOR SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Martin Benson of No. 52 Chancery Lane London for
an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING HOOKS FOR
FASTENING STEAM GAS AND WATER PIPING AND FOR SIMILAR PURPOSES."
A communication from abroad by Isaac N. Doremus, of the City of Paterson,
County of Passaic and State of New Jersey United States of North
America
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Martin Benson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th February 1882.
MARTIN BENSON of No. 52 Chancery Lane London IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR MAKING HOOKS FOR FASTENING STEAM GAS AND WATER PIPING
AND FOR SIMILAR PURPOSES. A communication from abroad by Isaac, N. Doremus
of the City of Paterson, County of Passaic and State of New Jersey, United State
of North America :—
My Invention relates to improvements in machines for making hooks particularly
adapted for fastening in place steam water gas and other pipes, eaves troughs
&c. &c., and has for its object the speedy manufacture of such hooks. The Invention
consists in the construction of the pinching devices and the rolls and in details of
construction and combination of the several parts hereinafter more fully described.―
In carrying out my Invention I employ a frame or base upon or to which the
respective parts of my machine are attached :—
The pinching device is constructed as follows, A. bow or horse shoe shaped
frame is adapted to slide vertically upon an upright, fixed to a bar projecting from
one side of the base, the frame is actuated by hand or power, when by hand by
means of a lever pivotted on a bolt connecting the uprights and when by power by
the ordinary means of pulleys belts or gearing the uprights having a paul taking
into a notch or recess in the underside of the upper part of the frame, a seat or base
is secured in openings of the uprights for the metal from which the hook blanks
Prien G71

page_text: are made to rest on, there are two opposite dies seated at one end in boxes that are
fastened to the frame, there is also a cutter capable of sliding between studs or
guides on the standards and being acted on by the inner or cam end of the lever
the cutter is elevated after cutting by a spring connecting it to a pivot bolt of the
lever. A bow has its upper ends bearing in the dies and is drawn downwards by
a spring fixed to the base by which the dies are forcibly spread apart as the frame
descends under the pressure thereof from the foregoing it will be noticed that with
the metal inserted through the openings in the uprights upon the bar its ends
abutting against a gauge on an arm of the said bar, as the lever is elevated the
cutter will be depressed making a cut in the metal while the dies will be brought
into forcible contact therewith and thus raise a shoulder or protuberance aided by
the cut on the hook blank.
I will now describe the other features of my Invention including the finishing
rolls. I employ a driving shaft on which there is arranged a clutch for throwing
the machine in and out of gear. There is also a movable part of the clutch, and a
clutch shifter which is pivotted to the bed of the machine and is connected at its
forward end to a pin projecting from a bar which carries a fork for opening the
movable part of the clutch. There is arranged roll shafts on the ends of which
there is arranged rolls, the end of the upper roll shaft is journalled in a movable
bearing which moves vertically on guides being operated by a rock lever.
There is also arranged gear wheels on the driving shaft and roll shafts. There
is also a pin wheel on the lower roll shaft which engages with and actuates the
clutch shifter causing it to operate a sliding bar and its fork, and thus throw the
machine out of gear at the end of each revolution of the rolls. The machine is
thrown in gear by a stop catch lever which has its front end bent up at right
angles; journaled in one of the standards of the frame is a lever having two bent
arms one of the arms project over another lever and the other arm over a bar.
There is a pin wheel on the end of the driving shaft, there is a paul secured to an
arm also a stop catch and a guard lever and a ratchet wheel, there is a paul on the
lever also a spring to keep the paul in position on the ratchet. There is also a
guard for the guard lever and a spring attached thereto, there is a spring attached
to one end of one of the arms and at the other a block pressing against the paul arm,
there is also another spring pressing against the paul arm, one spring aids the paul
arm in turning when the other spring is compressed by the paul arm when operated
by the pin wheel, the spring tends to throw continually the paul inside of the guard
and causes it to snap inwards after pressing the guard as hereinafter stated.
The operation of forming the heel or shoulder upon the metal hooks having been
described the iron is now passed through the rolls the bottom one having a. pocket
formed in it which allows the strap part of the hook to be brought forcibly in
contact with the rounded form of the bottom roll which rounds the outside of the
strap part of the hook. The other pair of rolls are then substituted for the ones
before used and are put in position on the shafts, the top one being elongated in
form, rolls out and tapers the shank part of the hook. The top roll is depressed
and brought in contact with the iron by the rock lever, the top of which enters a
slot in a link or toggle pivotted in the fixed crosshead, the said lever bears under
said head against the movable bearing of the top roll shaft, under which there is a
powerful spring which serves to raise the top roll shaft to its horizontal position as
soon as the handle of the rock lever are thrown to one side and the depressing
action thereof removed. The movable bearing slide on guide rods. The machine
is thrown out of gear at the end of each revolution of the rolls by the clutch shifter
and parts connected therewith, said shifter being pivoted on the frame. The clutch
shifter has a tapering end that engages with a pin arranged in a pin wheel located
on the lower roll shaft, when the guard lever has escaped from the pin of the ratchet
the pin suddenly contracts and draws the guard lever down which causes the paul
to engage with the ratchet and thereby turns the shaft far enough around to force
the pin of the wheel far enough forward to remove all danger of delay in the action
of the clutch shifter, the paul on the arm acts in its engagement with the pin wheel

page_text: to remove the stop catch out of the way of the pin on the ratchet wheel when the
machine is started and also puts the machine in gear in the following manner.
When the lever is elevated to straighten the links and depress the shaft the arm
being carried thereby brings the paul in position where it will be struck by one of
the pins of the pin wheel on the driving shaft, when this contact is made the pin
wheel as it revolves causes the paul arm to turn on its pivot, and the paul thus to act
against the upturned end of the lever, pushing said lever endwise and removing
stop catch lever from its contact with the pins on ratchet wheel and as the lever
is pushed endwise by the paul its upturned end engages with the arm of the levor
aud causes the arm thereof to come in contact with a pin on the bar sliding said
bar to the left and throwing the fork of the movable half of the clutch into gear
with the fixed half on the driving shaft, when the spring returns the levers to their
normal position, and when the clutch is shifted to stop the machine the pin returns
the stop catch lever. As the paul is carried forward by the pin wheel it is forced
to turn outward on an horizontal pivot of the paul arm as above stated and is thus
removed out of the path of rotation of the pin wheel.
And the guard acts. in this position until the lever is depressed when the spring
causes it to snap inward, said guard also prevents the paul from being moved
outward before it reaches said lever and arm.
The strap part of the hooks are bent to suit the various sizes of pipes in a separate
machine.
The machine may be operated by the lever by hand, or by power from the
driving pulley in the ordinary manner.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Martin Benson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 11th August
1882.
MARTIN BENSON of No. 52 Chancery Lane London IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR MAKING HOOKS FOR FASTENING STEAM GAS AND WATER PIPING
AND FOR SIMILAR PURPOSES. A communication from abroad by Isaac, N. Doremus
of the City of Paterson County of Passaic and State of New Jersey United States
of North America
My Invention relates to improvements in machines for making hooks particularly
adapted for fastening in place steam water gas and other pipes eaves troughs &c.
and has for its object the uniform and speedy manufacture of such hooks.
The Invention consists in the construction of the pinching device and the rolls
and in details of construction and combination of the several parts that will herein-
after more be fully described in the Specification and pointed out in the claims and
Drawings.
In
In the Drawings. Fig. 1 is a plan view of my device. Figs; 2 and 3 are end
views thereof; Figs. 4 and 5 detail views and Fig. 6 a side view of same.
carrying out my Invention I employ a frame or base A upon or to which the
respective parts of my machine are attached.
The pinching device, b, is constructed as follows.
A bow or horse shoe shaped frame, g, is adapted to slide vertically upon an
upright O, fixed to a bar projecting from one side of the base A. The frame gis
actuated by the hand lever d, pivotted on a bolt connecting the uprights o, o¹, and
having a pawl x, taking into a notch or recess in the under side of the upper part
of the frame g. A seat or bar 63 is secured in openings of the uprights o, o¹, for
the metal froin which the hook blanks are to be made to rest on, c, c, are two
opposite dies seated at one end in boxes Z fastened to the frame, g, e, is the cutter
capable of sliding between studs or guides on standards o², and being acted upon by
the inner or cam end of the lever, d. The cutter is elevated after the cutting by a
spring, S, connecting it to the pivot bolt of the lever d. A bow z¹ has its proper ends
bearing in the dies c, and is drawn downward by a spring, f, fixed to the base A by
which the dies are forcibly spread apart as the frame g descends under the pressure
thereof.
From the foreging it will be noticed that with the metal inserted through the
openings in the uprights o o¹ upon the bar bs its end abutting against a gauge on
arın z² of said bar bs as the lever d is elevated the cutter will be depressed, making
a cut in the metal, while the dies will be brought into forcible contact therewith,
and thus raise a shoulder or protuberance, aided by the cut upon the hook blank.
I will now describe the other fentures of my Invention, including the finishing
rolls, indicates the driving shaft on which there is arranged a clutch for 4
throwing the machine in and out of gear; e¹ indicates the movable part of the
clutch and e the clutch shifter which is pivoted to the bed A and connected at its
forward end to a pin projecting from a bar e7, which carries a fork e for operating
the movable part of the clutch. hh¹ indicates roll shafts on the ends of which are
arranged the rolls. The end of the upper roll shaft h, is journalled in a movable 4
bearing which moves vertically on guides b² 62, being operated by a rock lever a¹.
12 and 3 represent gear wheels on the driving shaft d2 and roll shafts h, h¹,
shown in Fig. 1. e indicates a pin wheel on the lower roll shaft h' which
engages with and actuates the clutch shifter & causing it to operate a sliding bar e',
and its fork es, and thus throw the machine out of gear at the end of each revolution 5
of the rolls. The machine is thrown in gear by the stop catch lever f¹ which has
its front end bent up at right angles.

page_text: Journalled to one end of the standards of frame A is a lever eⓇ having two bent
arms elo ell, arm e10 projects over lever f' and arm e¹ over bar e7. d³ is the pin
wheel on the end of the driving shaft shown in Figs; 1, 3, and 6,
C' is an arm that is attached to the rocking lever a'. 03 indicates a pawl that
is secured to arm C₁. f indicates a stop-catch, g' a guard lever and g³ a ratchet-
wheel.
g is a pawl on the lever g¹, and ga spring or the same lever, to keep the
pawl g³ in position on the ratchet, as shown in Fig. 2. g³ indicates a guard for
guard lever g--and go indicates a spring that is attached to guard lever g¹, o', is a
spring, attached at one end to arm c² and at the other to a block c³ pressing
against the pawl arm cx ; and o' is another spring pressing against the pawl arm.
The spring o aids the pawl arm c* in turning when the other spring o³ is
compressed by the pawl arm when operated by the pin wheel d'. The spring c
tends continually to throw the pawl c³ inside of the guard h*, and causes it to
snap inwards after passing guard h* as hereinafter stated.
The operation of forming the heel or shoulder upon the metal or hook having
been described, the iron is now passed through the rolls a ax, the bottom one
having a pocket formed in it, which allows the strap part of the hook to be brought
forcibly in contact with the rounded form of the bottom roll a* which rounds the
outside of the strap part of the hook. The rolls a³, as, are then substituted for the
rolls a, a; and put in position on shafts h, h¹. The top roll a³, being elongated in
form rolls out and tapers the shank part of the hook. The top roll is depressed
and brought in contact with the iron by the rocking lever a¹ the top of which
enters a slot in link or toggle 70 pivoted in the fixed crosshead 73. and said levers
bear under said head against the movable bearing 9, of the top roll shaft h.
Under this there is a powerful spring (shown in Figs 1 and 6) which serves
to raise the top roll shaft, h to its horizontal position as soon as the handle of the
rock lever a' is thrown to one side and the depressing action thereof is removed.
The movable bearing 9 slides on the guide-rods b', b, as shown in Fig. 3.
machine is thrown out of gear at the end of each revolution of the rolls by the
clutch shifter e² and parts connected therewith said shifter being pivoted on the
frame A, as.shown in Fig: 1. The clutch shifter et has a tapering end that engages
with a pin t, on the disc or wheel es of shaft h².
The
When the guard lever gl has escaped from the pin g* of ratchet g² the spring gª
suddenly contracts and draws the guard lever down which causes pawl g³ to
engage the ratchet g² and thereby turn the shaft h¹ far enough around to force the
pint of the wheel e³ far enough forward to remove all danger of delay in the action
of the clutch, shifter, e. The pawl on the arin C' acts by its engagement with pin
wheel d', to remove the stop catch f* out of the way of the pin on ratchet wheel gª
when the machine is started and also puts the machine in gear in the following
manner: When lever a³ is elevated to straighten links 70 and depress shaft h the
arın C carried thereby brings pawl c³ into position where it will be struck by one
of the pins of wheel d' on driving shaft d². When this contact is made the pin
wheel, as it revolves, causes the pawl arm to turn on its pivot and the pawl to
thus act against the upturned end of lever f', pushing said lever end wise and
removing stop catch lever f2, from its contact with the pin on ratchet wheel g².
As lever is pushed end wise by the pawl its upturned end engages with arm c¹º
of lever e turns said lever and causes the arm ell thereof to come into contact
with a pin e, on bar e7, thus sliding said bar to the left and throwing by fork e
the movable half of the clutch into gear with the fixed half on the driving shaft.
Spring e returns levers f¹, f, to their normal positions, and when the clutch is
shifted to stop the machine pin el returns lever e. As the pawl c² is carried
forward by pin wheel e³ it is forced to turn outward on a horizontal pivot of the
pawl arm when it contacts with lever f' and arm e10 as above stated, and is thus
removed out of the path of rotation of the pin wheel, Guard h* keeps the pawl
in this position until the lever al is depressed, when spring c³ causes it to snap

page_text: inwards. Said guard also prevents pawl & from being moved outward before it
reaches said lever and arm.
The strap part of the hooks is bent to suit the various sizes of pipes in a separate
machine from my Invention. The machine may be operated by hand by means of
the handle P or by power by the driving pulley P.
What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is
1. The combination of the frame, g, boxes Z dies c, cutter a spring ƒ bow Z¹
spring S lever d, and pawl X substantially as described.
2. The combination of the guard lever g' ratchet wheel g², pin g* spring gº,
pawl gs shaft h', pin wheel e³, pin t, and connecting mechanism for actuating the
clutch, substantially as described.
3rd The combination of pawl c² pin wheel a levers f¹f spring e and ratchet
wheel g having pin 9x the pawl acting against the upturned end of lever f¹
pushing it end wise and removing lever f from its contact with pin g* sub-
stantially as and for the purpose set forth.
8
4th The combination of the frame, g, boxes, Z, dies c, c, cutters e bow Z¹ spring f
bar 6 Z and gauge Z substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
5th The combination of the shaft h¹ ratchet wheel g², having pin 9*, spring g
lever g' pawl g³ pin wheel e³ lever e² bar e³ fork es and clutch et substantially as
and for the purpose set forth.
6th The combination of lever a¹ pawl c² driving shaft ², pin wheel & lever f¹
having an upturned end, levere having arms e¹ el bar e having pin e¹ fork es
and clutch e substantially as set forth.
7th In combination with roll shafts h, h', lever a', having arm C³, pivoted link 70
bearing 9 pawl c³ pin wheel d' levers f¹ f" and e° having arms elo el bar e' having
pin e pin wheel c³ and clutch shifting lever e² substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
8th In combination, shaft ¹, pin wheel es lever e³ bar e' having pin e¹s
lever having arms el ell and clutch e¹ substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
In witness whereof I the said Martin Benson have hereunto set my hand
and seal this Ninth day of August in the year of our Lord 1882.