Improvements in or connected with Burners for Hydro-carbon Oils.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Aug., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 11th May, 1894-Accepted, 30th June, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Burners for Hydro-carbon Oils.
I, RICHARD LEHMING of 24 Georgenkirch Strasse Berlin in the Kingdom of
Prussia and German Empire Metal Worker do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
-
Many experiments have been conducted during the past few years by scientific
experts and practical lamp makers in order to ascertain whether any means could
successfully be adopted with the object of preventing the serious accidents which
sometimes occur from explosions of petroleum vapour or from the accidental
upsetting or breaking of the lamp and it is generally admitted that accidents of this
character might be avoided if it were practicable to isolate the lamp wick from the
general body of oil, as well as from the petroleum vapour which is more or less
generated in the oil container or reservoir.
It is obvious that the risk of an explosion from petroleum vapour or a fire in case
of a lamp becoming upset or broken, would be materially minimised if it were
possible to isolate the lamp wick, in the manner above pointed out that is to say by
constructing the lamp burner in such manner that only a very limited quantity of
oil is in close proximity to the wick, the wick being excluded from the general body
of oil in the container or reservoir thus rendering an accident from explosion or fire
a practical impossibility inasmuch as the volume of oil adjacent to the wick is
insufficient to cause any actual danger.
•
Lamp burners as heretofore constructed are generally of such character that the
whole contents of the reservoir or container can unchecked rush towards and into
the burner in the event of the lamp becoming upset thereby at once causing an
explosion or fire.
Now after exhaustive experiments I have succeeded in constructing or creating
a petroleum burner of the round wick type which attains the object above pointed
out, that is to say it effectually isolates the wick from the main body of the oil and
from the vapour generated in the container without interfering in any manner with
the capillary action of the wick.
For this purpose I provide the lower part of the burner body with the usual
screw thread or other means by which the burner can be attached to the reservoir
or container and within this threaded portion I form the burner with a downwardly
projecting flange or short tube provided with bayonet or other suitable catches or
fastenings and in connection with this device I employ a downwardly extending
tube or cylinder of metal which at its upper end is formed with catches or fastenings
corresponding with those of the flange so that the tube or cylinder may be
instantaneously firmly connected with and disconnected from the body of the
burner and I form by spinning or otherwise the upper end of the downwardly
extending tube or cylinder to enter a suitable seat in the body of the burner
so as to make a tight or approximately tight joint therewith.
In lieu of the bayonet or other catches, I might employ a plain tapered joint
that is to say I might form a tapered seating in the body of the burner and
correspondingly shape the upper end of the downwardly extending tube or cylinder.
The metal tube or cylinder is formed of such dimensions that it extends into the
body of oil in the reservoir or container and reaches to within a short distance of
the bottom of the container thereby trapping the oil and forming a chamber
around the wick into which only a very limited quantity of oil can enter at a
time, that is to say a quantity just sufficient to feed the flame and at the same
time rendering the generation of petroleum vapour in any volume an impossibility,

page_text: inasmuch as the body of oil adjacent to the wick and within the cylinder or tube
is insufficient for that purpose and in the event of the lamp becoming upset the
main body of oil is effectually trapped by the downwardly, extending tube or
cylinder from coming into direct contact with the flame of the lamp.
By the peculiar construction herein before described that is to say by rendering
the downwardly extending tube or cylinder separable from the body of the burner,
I am enabled readily to insert the wick into the burner in the ordinary way
whereas if the descending tube or cylinder were made a fixture it would be
difficult or impossible to perform this operation.
The effect of the downwardly extending tube or cylinder is to form a safety
wall or chamber around the lower part of the wick as it virtually isolates the wick
from the main body of oil contained in the reservoir and from any vapour which
may be there generated.
The wick raising device may be of any known and ordinary construction and
forms no part of my present invention.
By means of the invention hereinbefore described I am enabled to effectually
trap the main body of oil in the reservoir and isolate the wick therefrom whilst by
reason of the downwardly extending tube or cylinder being removeable at will
the wick may be inserted or removed with just the same facility as heretofore.
Dated this 23rd day of August 1893.
WHITE & WOODINGTON,
27, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Burners for Hydro-carbon Olls.
I RICHARD LEHMING of 24 Georgenkirch Strasse Berlin, in the Kingdom of
Prussia and German Empire Metal Worker do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described in and by the following statement :-
Many experiments have been conducted during the past few years by scientific
experts and practical lamp makers, in order to ascertain whether any means could
successfully be adopted with the object of preventing the serious accidents which
sometimes occur from explosions of petroleum vapour or from the accidental
upsetting or breaking of the lamp and it is generally admitted that accidents of
this character might be avoided if it were practicable to isolate the lamp wick from
the general body of oil, as well as from the petroleum vapour which is more or less
generated in the oil container or reservoir.
It is obvious that the risk of an explosion from petroleum vapour, or a fire in
case of a lamp becoming upset or broken, would be materially minimised, if it were
possible to isolate the lamp wick in the manner above pointed out, that is to say by
constructing the lamp burner in such manner that only a very limited quantity of
oil is in close proximity to the wick, the wick being excluded from the general
body of oil in the container or reservoir thus rendering an accident from explosion
or fire a practical impossibility, inasmuch as the volume of oil adjacent to the
wick is insufficient to cause any actual danger.
Lamp burners as heretofore constructed are generally of such character, that
the whole contents of the reservoir or container can unchecked rush towards and
into the burner in the event of the lamp becoming upset, thereby at once causing
an explosion or fire.
Now after exhaustive experiments I have succeeded in constructing or creating
a petroleum burner of the round wick type which attains the object above pointed
out, that is to say it effectually isolates the wick from the main body of the oil and
from the vapour generated in the container without interfering in any manner with
the capillary action of the wick.

page_text: For this purpose I provide the lower part of the burner body with the usual
screw thread or other means by which the burner can be attached to the reservoir
or container, and within this threaded portion I form the burner with a downwardly
projecting flange or short tube provided with bayonet or other suitable catches or
fastenings, and in connection with this device I employ a downwardly extending
tube or cylinder of metal which at its upper end is formed with catches or fastenings
corresponding with those of the flange so that the tube or cylinder may be instan-
taneously firmly connected with and disconnected from the body of the burner and
I form by spinning or otherwise the upper end of the downwardly extending tube
or cylinder to enter a suitable seat in the body of the burner, so as to make a tight
or approximately tight joint therewith.
In lieu of the bayonet or other catches I might employ a plain tapered joint
that is to say I might form a tapered seating in the body of the burner and
correspondingly shape the upper end of the downwardly extending tube or
cylinder.
The metal tube or cylinder is formed of such dimensions that it extends into
the body of oil in the reservoir or container and reaches to within a short distance
of the bottom of the container thereby trapping the oil and forming a chamber
around the wick into which only a very limited quantity of oil can enter at a time,
that is to say a quantity just sufficient to feed the flame and at the same time
rendering the generation of petroleum vapour in any volume an impossibility,
inasmuch as the body of oil adjacent to the wick and within the cylinder or tube is
insufficient for that purpose and in the event of the lamp becoming upset the main
body of oil is effectually trapped by the downwardly extending tube or cylinder
from coming into direct contact with the flame of the lamp.
By the peculiar construction herein before described that is to say by rendering
the downwardly extending tube or cylinder separable from the body of the burner
I am enabled readily to insert the wick into the burner in the ordinary way
whereas if the descending tube or cylinder were made a fixture it would be difficult
or impossible to perform this operation.
The effect of the downwardly extending tube or cylinder is to form a safety wall
or chamber around the lower part of the wick as it virtually isolates the wick from
the main body of oil contained in the reservoir and from any vapour which may be
there generated.
The wick raising device may be of any known and ordinary construction, and
forms no part of my present invention.
And in order that the said invention may be more clearly understood and
readily carried into effect I will proceed aided by the accompanying drawings more
fully to describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 represents a vertical section of a hydro-carbon lamp having the present
invention applied thereto.
Figure 2 is a detail view of parts, more particularly illustrating the present
invention.
Figure 3 is an underside view thereof.
Figure 4 is a similar view to Figure 3 with the tube or cylinder removed.
Figure 5 is a similar view of the tube or cylinder separately.
Figure 6 is a section taken on the line 1-1 of Figure 5.
Figure 7 is a similar view to Figure 2, but taken at right angles thereto and
Figure 8 is a similar view to Figure 2, representing a slight modification.
In the several figures in which like parts are indicated by similar letters of
reference, Figures 2 to 8 are drawn to an increased scale with respect to
Figure 1.

page_text: thread a and b represents the burner which may be of any suitable description but
for the purposes of illustration, the present invention is shown applied to a burner
of that class in respect of which a Complete Specification has been filed by August
Kiesow in pursuance of an application for Letters Patent dated the 15th day of
February 1894 No. 3319.
The lower part of the body b of the burner is furnished with a screw thread b¹
corresponding with that a' of the reservoir or container a, by the aid of which the
burner b can be attached to the reservoir or container a, or any other suitable
means of connecting these parts might be employed as will be readily understood.
Within the threaded portion of the burner body b the burner is formed
with a downwardly projecting flange or short tube 6 provided with bayonet
or they might be other suitable catches or fastenings ** and in connection with
this device is employed a downwardly extending tube or cylinder of metal
which at its upper end is formed with a flange & provided with slots or openings 61❤
therein corresponding with the projections or catches 6* of the tube or flange b' so
that by causing the catches 6** of the tube or flange b' to pass through the slots 6**
of the downward extending tube and then turning one part with relation to the
other as represented more particularly at Figure 3 the downwardly extending tube
or cylinder may be instantaneously and firmly connected with or disconnected
from the body b of the burner.
The upper end of the downwardly extending tube or cylinder 6 is formed by
spinning or otherwise with a rounded edge or flange b' herein before referred to
adapted to enter a corresponding seat 6 formed in the underside of the body of the
burner 6 so as to make a tight or approximately tight joint therewith.
The downwardly extending metal tube or cylinder & is formed of such dimensions
that it enters into the body of oil in the reservoir or container a and reaches to
within a short distance of the bottom thereof as represented at Figure 1, thereby
trapping the oil and forming a chamber 6* around the wick into which only a very
limited quantity of oil can enter at a time that is to say a quantity just sufficient to
feed the flame, and at the same time rendering the generation of petroleum vapour
any volume an impossibility inasmuch as the body of oil adjacent to the wick and
within the cylinder or tube is insufficient for that purpose, and in the event of
the lamp becoming upset the main body of oil is effectually trapped or excluded
from the wick by the downwardly extending tube or cylinder 6' and thus prevented
from coming into direct contact with the flame of the lamp.
in
The effect of the downwardly extending tube or cylinder 6 is to form a safety
wall or chamber around the lower part of the wick as it virtually isolates the wick
from the main body of oil contained in the reservoir or container a and from any
vapour that may be there generated.
In the example given at Figure 8 the bayonet or other catches or fasteners 6** 64❤
are dispensed with and in lieu thereof the short tube or flange b' is somewhat
extended and tapered to form a seating for the upper end of the downwardly
extending tube or cylinder 6 which is correspondingly shaped.
This latter device is in some respects superior to that hereinbefore described
inasmuch as the joint has the advantage of extreme simplicity added to which it can
by employing drawn tubes be rendered hermetically tight.
By the peculiar construction of burner herein before described that is to say by
rendering the downwardly extending tube or cylinder & separable from the body of
the burner bit becomes possible readily to insert the wick into the burner in the
ordinary way whereas if the descending tube or cylinder 6 were made a fixture it
would be difficult or impossible to perform that operation.
The wick raising device may be of any known and ordinary construction and
such for example as that represented at the drawings, as it forms no part of the
present invention.
It will be evident that although the invention is shown and described in
connection with an Argand or round wick burner, it is equally applicable to flat
wick burners of various kinds.

page_text: By means of the invention hereinbefore described the main body of oil is.
effectually trapped in the reservoir or container a the wick is practically isolated
therefrom whilst by reason of the downwardly extending tube or cylinder 6 being
removeable at will the wick may be inserted or removed with the same facility as
in an ordinary burner that is to say a burner in which a downwardly extending
tube is absent.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inveu--
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is :-
1. In combination with a hydrocarbon burner a tube or cylinder removeably
fixed with the burner and adapted to extend downward into the reservoir or
container of the lamp substantially as herein shown and described and for the
purpose stated.
2. In a hydro-carbon burner the combination of a detachable tube or cylinder
adapted to extend downward into the reservoir or container of the lamp and means
for securely but removeably fixing the tube or cylinder with the burner substantially
as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.
Dated this 11th day of Mar 1894
WHITE & WOODINGTON,
27, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.