Improvements in Boilers for Heating Water and the like, and for Generating and Superheating Steam.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Boilers for Heating Water and the like, and for
Generating and Superheating Steam.
We, HUGH MANSFIELD ROBINSON, L.L.D., of 31, Holborn, E.C., Solicitor, and
ALFRED ERNEST ELLIOTT, of 52, Queen Victoria Street, in the City of London,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to boilers for heating water and the like and consists
in the construction and arrangement of such a device whereby a luminous flame
can be used as the heating agent, without interference with its lighting effect,
the construction is simple and cheap and its operation gives a high efficiency
of thermal absorption.
To carry our invention into effect, we form the boiler with a dome shaped
bottom adapted so that the flame or flames can be arranged either axially or
symmetrical about the axis of the boiler beneath the same. The boiler is sur-
rounded at its upper and side parts by a non-conducting hood which may be
preferably of a pneumatic character. An annular space is left between the
boiler and the hood and an exit orifice for the products of combustion is arranged
at the top of the hood.
In this way the heat from the flame impinges on the under surface of the
domed bottom of the boiler and travels down to the lower edge of the dome,
round the bottom thereof and then up the annular space between the boiler
and hood to the exit orifice at the summit of the hood.
The water or other liquid to be heated is led into the boiler at the base of
the dome and the steam or heated water is led off from the upper part of the
boiler either from the top or under side. In this manner the heat of the flame
is made 'to burn as in a furnace by reason of the zone of high temperature
always surrounding the flame due to the reflection of heat from the under side.
of the boiler thus ensuring the perfect combustion of the combustible con-
stituents of the flame.
We may use this boiler either to produce steam in a super heated condition
by feeding the incoming water at such a rate as to allow the upper part of the
dome to act as a super heater, it is preferably in this case to take the steam
exit pipe from the under side of the dome, downwards past the flame below;
or we may use the boiler as a water heater in a circulating system of water
heating in which case the exit pipe is preferably taken from the top of the boiler.
We may arrange gills or other similar means upon the surfaces of the boiler
to absorb the heat as much as possible from the products of combustion and act
at the same time as a storage of heat to prevent the boiler when used as a steamy
generator from being drowned out when a small increase of cold water feed.
takes place.
This boiler can be simply and cheaply made by having its upper and lower.
portions stamped out in sheet metal and jointed in any convenient manner at

page_text: the base of the dome, this being the zone of coldest water and thus the integrity
of the joint can be more readily obtained.
We may, if necessary, provide means to ensure the proper path of the highly
heated gaseous matter passing up between the hood and the boiler.
DX
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378
FELL & JAMES,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Boilers for Heating Water and the like, and for
Generating and Superheating Steam.
We, HUGH MANSFIELD ROBINSON, L.L.D., of 31, Holborn, E.C., Solicitor, and
ALFRED ERNEST ELLIOTT, of 52, Queen Victoria Street, in the City of London,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:
-
This invention relates to boilers for heating water and the like and consists
in the construction and arrangement of such a device whereby a luminous flame
can be used as the heating agent, without interference with its lighting effect.
The construction of the device is simple and cheap and its operation gives a
high efficiency of thermal absorption.
In order that our invention may be the better understood we will now proceed
to describe the same in relation to the accompanying drawing reference being
had to the letters and figures marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a sectional view of a boiler according to our invention for use
as a water heating device in which steam is used as the conveying medium of
heat such as in the apparatus described in the Specification of British Letters
Patent No. 19695 and dated the 19th day of October 1895 or for other similar
purposes.
Figure 2 is a view of the boiler used as a water heater for a hot water
arculatory system of heating.
Figure 3 is a plan of the boiler in Figure 1.
To carry our invention into effect we form the boiler A with a dome shaped
bottom B. The upper part C of the boiler is also made dome shaped, as both
parts B and C can be simply and cheaply stamped out in sheet metal, such as
tin plate, which being thin allows the heat to be readily transmitted there-
through. The jointing of the two parts is situated at the base of the dome, this
being the zone of coldest water and thus the integrity of the joint can be more
readily maintained: The joint is conveniently made by two jointing rings D
and bolts E passing therethrough and through the flanged portion of the domed
parts; a jointing washer F being inserted between the said parts.
The steam or heated water is led off from the upper part of the boiler by
the pipe G while the water to be heated is led in at the base of the dome by
the pipe H.
The boiler is surrounded at its upper and side parts by a non-conducting
hood J which is jacketted by a layer of non-conducting material K or equiva-
lently be provided with a pneumatic casing. An annular space L is left between
the boiler and the hood and an exit orifice M is arranged at the upper part for
the passage of the products of combustion. We provide means for regulating
this orifice M for example by a cap with perforations N adapted to coincide

page_text: with perforations O in the hood J, so as to vary the clear area to any desired
amount.
In this way the heat from the flame impinges on the under surface of the
central portion of the domed bottom of the boiler and travels down to the lower
edge of the dome, round the bottom thereof and then up the annular space L
to the exit orifice M. This exit is so regulated that little or no cold air shall
pass up the space L but rather that the heated air and products of combustion
shall overflow round the edges of the dome.
In this manner the heat of the flame is made to burn as in a closed furnace
by reason of the zone of high temperature always surrounding it, due to the
reflection of heat from the underside of the boiler, thus ensuring the perfect
combustion of the combustible constituents of the flame, and further increasing
its luminosity compared with the ordinary conditions of burning.
We may use the boiler either to produce steam in a superheated condition
by feeding the incoming, water at such a rate as to allow the upper part of the
bottom dome to act as a superheater, in which case the boiler is arranged as in
Figures 1 and 3 or we may use the boiler as a water heater in a circulating
system of water heating such as by a radiating coil T as shown in Figure 2.
Such an arrangement could be readily applied to the hall lamp of a private
residence for heating a bedroom above.
We may arrange gills or corrugations or other similar means upon the sur-
faces of the boiler to absorb the heat as much as possible from the products
of combustion, and act at the same time as a storage of heat, to prevent the
boiler when used as a steam generator from being drowned out, should a sudden
increase of cold water feed take place.
We may, also, if necessary, provide means to ensure the most efficient path
for the highly heated gaseous matter as it passes up between the hood and the
boiler, such for example, as a spiral rib arranged around the top part of the
boiler. or other equivalent arrangement which prevents the too rapid exit of
heated gases from the hood.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1st A water heating boiler having a domed bottom in combination with a
heat retaining hood adapted over the boiler and arranged so that a luminous
flame may be utilized beneath the domed bottom of the boiler without its
luminating effect being obstructed, substantially as described.
2nd A water heating boiler having a domed bottom in combination with a
heat retaining hood arranged over the boiler so as to leave an annular space
between the boiler and the hood for the passage of the products of combustion
communicating with an exit orifice at the top of the hood, substantially as
described.
:
3rd A water heating boiler having a domed bottom in combination with a
heat retaining hood arranged over the boiler so as to leave an annular space
between the boiler and the hood: an exit orifice at the top of the hood and means
for varying the discharge area of this said orifice, substantially as described.
4th The arrangement and construction of a water heating boiler for use with
a luminous flame, substantially as described and illustrated in and by the accom-
panying drawing.
D
FELL & JAMES,
.1, Queen Victoria Street. London, E.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.