A MACHINE FOR RAISING OR DISPERSING WATER, CON- DENSING AIR, OR OTHER PURPOSES POSSESSING A SELF-ASSISTING POWER, EFFECTED BY THE PRESSURE OF THE COLUMN OF AIR, WATER, OR RESISTANCE IN ANY DIREC- TION UPON THE FORCING POWER, IN THE PROPORTION OF ABOUT SEVEN TO THIRTEEN AND UPWARDS, ACCORDING TO THE DIFFERENT MODIFICATIONS OF THE MACHINE, WHICH ADMITS OF A GREAT VARIETY OF CHANGES; AND ALSO OF A METHOD OF WORKING ANY ROTATORY, AND SOME OTHER MOTIONS, BY AN ENTIRE NEW APPLICATION OF CERTAIN OF THE MECHANICAL POWERS, TENDING TO PRODUCE A GREATER EFFECT AT MUCH LESS LABOUR AND EXPENCE THAN BY ANY OTHER MODE NOW IN USE
Year: 1791

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FRANCIS
NOBLE KNIPE, of Devonshire Street, Queen's Square, Gentleman, send
greeting.
.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His-
several Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Seventh day of July, in the thirty-first year of His reign,
did give and grant unto me, the said Francis Noble Knipe, His especial
licence that I, the said Francis Noble Knipe, during the term of years
therein respectively expressed, should and lawfully might use, exercise, and
vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my
several Inventions of "A MACHINE FOR RAISING OR DISPERSING WATER, CON-
DENSING AIR, OR OTHER PURPOSES POSSESSING A SELF-ASSISTING POWER, EFFECTED
BY THE PRESSURE OF THE COLUMN OF AIR, WATER, OR RESISTANCE IN ANY DIREC-
TION UPON THE FORCING POWER, IN THE PROPORTION OF ABOUT SEVEN TO THIRTEEN
AND UPWARDS, ACCORDING TO THE DIFFERENT MODIFICATIONS OF THE MACHINE,
WHICH ADMITS OF A GREAT VARIETY OF CHANGES; AND ALSO OF A METHOD OF
WORKING ANY ROTATORY, AND SOME OTHER MOTIONS, BY AN ENTIRE NEW APPLICATION
OF CERTAIN OF THE MECHANICAL POWERS, TENDING TO PRODUCE A GREATER EFFECT
AT MUCH LESS LABOUR AND EXPENCE THAN BY ANY OTHER MODE NOW IN USE;"
in which said several Letters Patent there are contained respective provisoes,
obliging me, the said Francis Noble Knipe, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, to cause a particular description of the nature of my said
several Inventions, and in what manner the same are respectively to be per-

page_text: formed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within one
calendar month after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by
the same, (relation being thereunto had) may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said provisoes, I, the said
Francis Noble Knipe, do hereby declare that my said several Inventions are
described in the two several plans and descriptions thereof hereunto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Francis Noble Knipe, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Sixth day of August, One thousand seven
Led and ninate one

page_text: ۱۱
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Specification of a New System of Hydraulics or method of raising or dispersing. Water condensing Air and other purposes by a rotatory Motion possessing a self assisting power effected by the pres-
sure of the Column of Air Water or resistance on each side the centre of Motion of the Attractive or • forcing power in favor of the Agent working power in such degrees and proportions as the
different formations of the Machinery and the purpose for which it may be intended will allow which said Machinery though admitting of a great variety of changes and modifications
is still however formed subject to and dependant on the same principles and original idea of the Inventor of effecting a vacuum below and at the same time by the same
rotatory motion forcing up a Column of Water to any height any quantity by either a double or
single attraction or impulsion - And mor especially by exposing each
side of the centres of motion as well the receding as the advancing : forcing sides of the Wheels pallats Levers fea made use of as the athactive or
forcing power to the
pressure of the rising Column a partial assistance may be so gained in favor of the Agent or working power and thereby to render the weight or pressure of the fluid
so raised subservient to its own purpose by producing in some degree its own effect And also by bringing the pressure of the Column or resistance ripon or as near as possible to
the centres of motion of the said Wheels Pallats hotatory Levers you without losing time or power thereby to give advantage to the Winch Wheel or Working power greater than has
been or can be effected by any other rotatory Engine made use of for these purposes and to this effect I contrived Machine Figure I with a double athaction and impulsion.
This Machine consists of two simple Cogged Wheels A.A. these are inclosed in a Box made of Metail or Word with semicircular ends c. c. between two oblong plates the hinder
of which is M.M.M.M. and the front plate being the same are united together by Screws as in Figure 5 at the bottom is a Suction Tube e and a forcing Tube at the Top, P,-
These Wheels turning upon their separate Spindles g.g. by a Winch on the left cause a double inverse motion and force in the water by the outward extremities of the
Cogs sweeping round the Semicircular ends of the Box between the front and back plates and the cogs being in contact with and rolling
a return or escape of the Water or Air is prevented a vacuum is formed below and the Water is forced into the Tube above which pressing upon each side of the centres of
motion or Axis of the Wheels though not equally a partial assistance appears to be gained in favor of the Agent or working power but the greater the mumber of Coys the less
is the influx or eflux of Water and the farther is the medium point of resistance k, from the centre of motion at g. g. which is four fifths of the semidiameter of the wheel -
Figure 2. with a double attraction and impulsion the Cogs of the Wheels of this Machine are reduced to the fewest possible which is three to each Wheel A.A. the Bus and
Spindles are the same as in the foregoing Fiqure I, but, as these Cogged Wheels cannot kuin each other two outward Wheels B. B. Figure 5th acting upon each other inversely
and fixed upon the Spindles of the inner ligget Wheels are added to confine and regulate their motion and thus by reducing the number of the Cogs the influx and eflux is
increased the point of resistance to is brought nearer to the centre of motion which is two thirds of its semidiameter without losing time and the pressure of the Column is
the same. Yet these Machines are less efficacious than those hereafter described. Figure 3 with a single attraction and impulsion. The Box or Cuse is one half of the foregoing
Figures 1 and 2 with a little extension c. c. c. to give room for the motion of a Water stop B. vibrating upon its hinge &. to accommodate itself to the rotation and unequal
dimensions of the pallet A the extremities of which sweep round the semicircular end of the Box & like the Cogs of the Wheels. Figures 1 and 2 and then forces on one
side and passes by the Water stop which being pressed upon by the rising column more on the inside or concave than the outward or convex side is kept close to
the sides of the pallet and an escape of the Water is most commodiously prevented a quater influx and eflux is proportionably affected than by Figures I and 2 the point
of resistance to being half the semidiameter of the Cicle described by the hallet from the Centre of motion, g, the most perfect simplicity is preserved but the motion or
resistance is viregular from the unequal pressure of the Column at different points of the rotation of the pallet which when in a perpendicular direction sustains the
whole weight of the Column and houjontally nothing though the effect is the same and hence the idea and proof of a self assisting power by the pressure of the column
of Mater
or Are on each side the centre of the rotatory motion but from this inequality large Fly Wheel will be necessary to be used with this Machine to equalize
its motion - Figure 4. with a double attraction and impulsion. This is an exact double of the foregoing Frigjure 3, the Box or Case the same as Figures 1 and 2 with two
pallets A. A. instead of the two Cogged wheels these pallats must be at a sufficient distance from each other to give room for the motion of the double Water Stop B in the
Centre which receiving a sufficient degree of pressure from the rising Column on the inner or concave sides at all points of contact with the pallats it's outward or
convex sides are impelled against their respective, and vibrating upon their Hinge, q, between the pressure of the Column on the inner sides and the active impulse of
the pallats on the outward sides they are compelled to obey and accommodate themselves to their motion and the inequality of their demensions or extensions. These
pallats being placed the one perpendicular and the other houjontal and their motion being confined and regulated by the two outward working Wheels B. B. Figure 5
which must also be applied in this Machine the Motions or resistance is more uniform than Figure 3 because by this disposition of the Pallets the resistance. is
gradually transferred from the one to the other so that when the one has the most the other has the least resistance - The Tubes are alike in all the Figures.. The
"depth or thickness both of the Wheels and pallats is two thirds of their length or diameter and this together with the space allowed for the Water Stops regulates the dimen-
sions of their including Box the breadth of the pallets is seven sixteenths but both Breadth and thickness may be varied without much loss or gam - Figure 6 Water
Stops of different constructions to shew that they may be made of various Forms and differently placed as C and D. pendant upon the pim pivot in Figure 4 and E
in the place of B. They are all calculated to produce the same effect and any one may be used but B appears to be the best - Observe they will all require a
spring 0 to keep them open till the pressure of the Column is sufficient for that purpose._
only
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Figure 1. 1. an upright Standard fixed at the bottom into the Bed of a frame D at p. and cut clown or open from the top so as to form space sufficient to admit the Lever and Wheels B. A. Liver to the middle
part of which is attached or united part of a grooved wheel or puilly A, and which moves upon its spindle or axis b.. passing through the Checks of the Standard under this Wheel or pully is another whole wheel or
through the Lever on each side at. e,
pully C, grooved as before moving upon its axis or Spindle D. In the grooves of both which Wheels or pullys rum two Chains or Ropes which are made fast to
Ropes are fixed to the inner Treadles
progress downward cross each other between the upper and lower Wheels or pulleys so that they fall down on the opposite sides of the Wheel, c. The other ends of the Chains or
as at f by which means the Lever and Treadles become united C. C. C. C. are the Treadles or pedits on which the person or person's stand to work the Machine and which are paid to and move upon the Frume by
way
spindle as at. g. g. h. h. ove Racks or Pauls for the Rocket Wheels, i, i, in Figure 2 which Wheels are fixed upon the Axis of the rotatory Motion and are constructed in the common known
with an upward or
m m is a pivot fastened to
a downward motion - Figure 2 is a Ground plan of Figure 1 with the Rocket Wheels upon an Axis k. K. for an upward motion 7.7. are the places for the Racks,
the inner Treadles and running through the outer ones upon which they move and act together
are the standing places. The Machinery may be worked either by single person with one pair of
Treadles or in the manner above described the Auns of the person or persons working the Machine are employed in raising and depressing the Lever which corresponds with the motion of his Feet upon the Treadles
producing a multiplication of strength in proportion to the extension of his Arms upon the Lever. Observe that the Frame D. must be raised sufficiently high from the Ground by Frame Work or otherwise
to afford room for the free motion of the Treadles or pedals - Though the Machinery is here fixed it may to answer other purposes be made moveable as in Figure & where the Top of the Standard A is
pendant from and slides upon a longitudinal Bar or Beam of the Frame F by means of a Hole cut through the Standard to fit the Bar the bottom part or foot of the Standard being let in and running in
Groove opening out in the bottom bar of the Frame. The Lever B. and wheels or pulleys, a, " are the same as in the last Figure except that the cavity for their admission must be cut at or
near the centre of the Standard the Chains or Ropes are fixed and cross each other in the same manner as before described . The Treadles C. C. of which in this Figure there are
cut through them correspondent with the Grove in the Lower Bar of the Frame for a Rod g. - fixed to each
fixed to each of the Chains or
the Chains or Ropes and having at the Bottom underneath the Treadles a nut or
Trundle * to support the Treadles and which slides along the under part of the Treadles as the Standard moves in the Frame The Rod passes through King at, s. to keep it steady. The
Treadles or pedals are attached to and move one on each side of the upright bars of the Frame by a spindle or Axis V. which is the centre of motion "The person or persons working the Machinery)
stand upon the Treadles and employ their arms as described in Figure 1. and vary the power and motion of the Treadles or pedals in proportion as they force the advance or Retreat of the
Standard to or from the centre of motion. The other ends of the Treadles or pedals act in the usual manner either up or down upon the Axis of any Rotatory motion.
a
or
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and c
a
only two have Grooves