Year: 1886

page_text: I, ROBERT HUTCHISON, of Springvale Mills, Cowlairs, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Oil Manufacturer and Refiner, do hereby declare the nature of this
Invention to be as follows; that is to say:—
My said Invention has for its object to improve the manufacture of lubricants
of kinds suitable for railway axles, and for other apparatus requiring lubricants
of considerable consistency or body.
In carrying out my Invention I combine slaked lime with oleic, margarie, or
stearic acid, or any mixture of such acids, and also with mineral or hydrocarbon
oil. The proportions of the ingredients may be varied but I obtain good results by
mixing about 52 parts by weight of mineral or hydrocarbon oil of suitable
lubricating quality with about 14 parts of oleic, margaric, or stearic acid and about
1 part of slaked lime. I boil the ingredients together by means of steam injected
into them or in any other convenient way until the mass becomes homogeneous
and of the desired consistency. When the materials are allowed to settle after
boiling some of the water separates but some remains combined with the other
ingredients. The quantity of acid employed is in excess of what is required to
combine with the lime and this excess promotes the combination of the lime
compound with the mineral or hydrocarbon oil. Instead of using acids which have
been previously prepared and separated, fatty matters or oils from which they are
obtainable may be employed, the lime compound being formed from such fatty
matters or oils in the boiling operation.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent,
Per pro David Ferguson.

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Lubricants.
I, ROBERT HUTCHISON, of Springvale Mills, Cowlairs, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Oil Manufacturer and Refiner, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say :-
My said Invention has for its object to improve the manufacture of lubricants of
kinds suitable for railway axles and for other apparatus requiring lubricants of
considerable consistency or body.
In carrying out my Invention I combine slaked lime with oleic, margaric, or
stearic acid, or any mixture of such acids, and also with mineral or hydrocarbon
oil. The proportions of the ingredients may be varied but I obtain good results by
mixing about 52 parts by weight of mineral or hydrocarbon oil of suitable
lubricating quality with about 14 parts of oleic, margaric, or stearic acid and about
1 part of slaked lime. I boil the ingredients together by means of steam injected
into them or in any other convenient way until the mass becomes homogeneous and
of the desired consistency. When the materials are allowed. to settle after boiling
some of the water separates but some remains combined with the other ingredients.
The quantity of acid employed is in excess of what is required to combine with
the lime and this excess promotes the combination of the lime compound with the
mineral or bydrocarbon oil.
Instead of using acids which have been previously prepared and separated, fatty
matters or oils from which they are obtainable may be employed, the lime compound
being formed from such fatty matters or oils in the boiling operation. When using
fatty matters or oils, which are known as glycerides in chemical nomenclature, the
proportion used must be such as to contain what corresponds to an excess of oleic
margaric or stearic acid; the amount of excess varying in different cases and being
ascertained by trial.
Lubricants have been formed by combining soda or potash soaps with hydro-
carbon oils; and such lubricants may be greatly improved according to my
Invention by making the compounds with an excess of oleic, margaric, or stearic
acid or any combination of such acids.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1-The combination of ingredients to form lubricants and consisting of lime with
oleic, margaric, or stearic acid or any suitable mixture, compound, or glyceride of

page_text: such acids, and with mineral or hydrocarbon oil, the said acid or acids being in
excess substantially as hereinbefore described.
2-The use of an excess of oleic, margaric, or stearic acid or of a suitable
mixture, compound or glyceride of such acids in combining soda or potash soap
with mineral or hydrocarbon oil to form lubricants substantially as hereinbefore
described.