IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
Year: 1886

page_text: I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co. Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the
nature of my invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO PAPER-MAKING
MACHINES" to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to produce a paper making machine wherein the
transfer of the paper-pulp web by manual labour and the distortion of the web
incident to this operation is avoided, and wherein the web will not be run back-
wards as is common in such machines, or entail any obstruction over a wire apron
used as a former for the web.
The said invention consists in the combination in a paper making machine with
a former for the paper pulp web, of a couch roll above the former, and an endless
apron passing above the former and below the couch roll, and taking the paper
pulp web on its under side from the former and carrying the same away directly
forward of the couch roll, and away from over it.
Preferably there will also be used in the machine another endless apron passing
with the first between a pair of press rolls and taking the paper pulp web away to
a second pair of press rolls.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant,

page_text: Improvements in and relating to Paper-making machines.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co, Patent Agents
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to produce a paper making machine, whereby the
transfer of the paper pulp web by manual labour and the distortion of the web
incident to this operation may be avoided, and withal a machine wherein the web
will not be run backwards, as is common in such machines, or entail any obstruction
over a wire apron used as a former for the web.
The said invention consists in the combination in a paper making machine
having a former for the paper pulp web, of a couch roll above the former and an
endless apron passing above the former and below the couch roll, and taking the
paper pulp web on its under side from the former and carrying the same away
directly forward of the couch roll and away from over it.
Preferably there will also be used in the machine another endless apron passing
with the first between a pair of press rolls and taking the paper pulp web away. to
a second pair of press rolls.
In the accompanying drawing Figure 1 is an elevation of a machine embodying
my improvements. Figure 2 is an elevation of a portion of the machine embodying
a modification of a certain feature of my improvements. Figure 3 is an elevation
of a machine of a different style embodying my improvements. Similar letters of
reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures,
I will first describe the machine shown in Figure 1.
A designates the pulp vat. It may be of ordinary construction.
ن
a
B designates the breast roll. It may be supported in any suitable bearings so as
to be free to rotate. Around it passes an endless apron C which may be made of
wire and reticulated as usual. This apron constitutes the former for the paper
pulp the paper pulp, attaining the initial form or dimensions upon it. This
apron also passes around the lower couch roll D of a pair of couch rolls D D'. The
pressure of the upper couch roll may be produced in the ordinary way.
The upper portion of the apron, extending between the breast roll and the
couch roll D, is supported by numerous small rollers E. The lower portion of the
apron passes around rollers E¹ which may be adjustable to vary the tension of
the apron.
The couch rolls D D¹, the rollers E and the rollers E¹ be
supported in bearings provided in any suitable frame. The breast roll B and the
couch rolls D'D¹ may have rotary motion imparted to them in any desirable
manner.
may
The pulp flows from the pulp vat on to the apron C. The apron has a shaking
motion imparted to it as usual for distributing and felting the pulp upon it.
Deckle straps F operating in conjunction with the upper portion of the apron
govern the width to which the pulp is distributed. These deckle straps pass
around rollers F' suitably journalled and their tension may be varied by adjusting
certain of the rollers in a well known manner.
Liquid drains from the pulp through the apron.

page_text: G designates an endless apron made preferably of felt. It passes between the
couch rolls D D¹ above the apron C. It also passes around rollers G¹ G³, between
press rolls HH, and around rollers G³ G G through a wash box W between
squeezing rolls I I, and around rollers G6 G7 and G8. These rollers G¹ G³ G³ G'
G G G7 GB, II and rolls H Hare journalled in suitable bearings in the frame of
the machine. Provision may be made for adjusting one of the press rolls towards
its fellow in the ordinary way.
The squeezing rolls express liquid from the apron G before it returns to the
couch rolls.
Motion may be imparted to the apron G and the press rolls H H and the
squeezing rolls II may be operated in any desirable manner.
When the aprons C and G pass between the couch rolls liquid is expressed from
the pulp. Some is absorbed by the apron G. The pulp then adheres to the
apron G, leaving the apron C. It is then carried along directly forward from the
couch rolls on the under side of the lower portion of the apron G. As the apron G
ascends after passing around the roller G¹, and after passing around the roller G²
moves approximately in a horizontal direction the side to which the pulp adheres
becomes the upper side before passing between the press rolls H H¹.
J designates another endless apron. It will preferably be made of felt. It
passes between the press rolls H H¹ above the endless apron G around the upper
press roll H. It also passes around guide rollers K K₁ and between press rolls
LL' supported in suitable bearings in the frame of the machine. The guide roller K'
is adjustable for tightening the apron.
After passing with the apron J between the press rolls L L₁ the paper runs
around guide rollers R to and around a drying cylinder M.
When the endless aprons G and J together pass between the press rolls H H¹
liquid is expressed from the pulp. As the endless apron G has already become
saturated the flow of liquid will be greater into the apron J than into the apron G.
This will induce the pulp to adhere to the apron J rather than to the apron G. By
making the apron J of a finer grade of felt than the apron GI increase the
tendency of the pulp to leave the apron G and adhere to the apron J. The finer
grade of felt will also be better for the paper. It will be understood that the pulp
is transferred from the upper side of the apron G to the under side of the apron J
in this example of my invention. One side of the paper pulp comes in contact
with the endless, apron G and the other side comes in contact with the endless
apron J.
In Figure 2 I have shown that the paper pulp may be transferred from the under
side of the endless apron G to the upper side of the endless apron J.
Here the endless apron G passes directly forward from the couch rolls D D¹ to
the press rolls H H¹, thence around guide rollers G³ G₁ G³ through a wash box W
between squeezing rolls I I¹, and around guide rollers G6 G7 and G³ and back to the
couch rolls.
The endless
J
apron passes directly forward from the press rolls H H³, to the
press rolls L L₁ and thence around the guide rollers K K' back to the press
rolls H H¹.
In the example of my invention shown in Figure 3 the paper pulp former C
shown in Figure 1 and the appurtenances thereof are omitted and in lieu thereof a
former consisting of a cylinder C¹ is used. This cylinder has its periphery made of
wire cloth and portions thereof are covered with muslin or like material to limit
the width of paper pulp which will adhere. The cylinder is journalled in a pulp
vat A. and it is rotated therein. The lower portion runs in the pulp. A suction
pump cominunicates with the interior of the cylinder in a well known manner and
by producing a flow of water to the interior of the cylinder causes the adherence of
the pulp. The water received by the pump may be wholly or partly returned to
the pulp vat.
Only one couch roll D¹ is used in this example of my invention. It is arranged
immediately above the cylinder C¹. The endless apron G passes between it and

page_text: the cylinder C' and takes the paper pulp on its under side from the cylinder and
carries it directly forward.
The endless apron G passes from the couch roll D¹ to the press rolls ĦH¹.
Turning around the upper press roll it passes thence around guide rollers G³ G³
G G through a wash box W, between squeezing rolls I, I', and around guide
rollers G7 and G8 back to the cylinder C and couch roll D¹.
The endless apron J in this example of my invention, passes between the press
rolls HH below the endless apron G. It passes thence directly forward to the
press rolls L L' and thence around guide rolls K K¹ back to the press rolls H H.
The paper pulp is here transferred from the under side of the endless apron G to
the upper side of the endless apron J.
It will be seen that, by transferring the pulp from apron to apron in the manner
described, I avoid having to transfer the pulp by manual labor and the distortion
incident thereto, that I avoid running the pulp backwards and that I obviate any
obstruction over the wire apron C except that offered by the deckle straps and
their appurtenances; leaving that space free for the work necessary from the
attendants of the machine.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondent I declare that what I claim is;
First; In a paper making machine, the combination with a former for the paper
pulp, of a couch roll above the former and an endless apron passing above the
former and below the said couch roll and taking the paper pulp on its under side
from the former and carrying the same away directly forward of the couch roll and
away from over it substantially as specified.
Second;
In a paper making machine the combination with a former for the
paper pulp, of an endless apron for taking the paper pulp upon its under side
directly from the former and carrying it away to press rolls, and another endless
apron passing with the first endless apron between the said press rolls and taking
the paper pulp away to a second pair of press rolls, substantially as specified.
Dated this 27th day of September 1886.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.