IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE INDICATORS, STATING THE DISTANCE TRAVELLED, THE TIME WHEN THEY HAVE BEEN HIRED OR NOT, AND IF THEY ARE HIRED OR NOT
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jean Monnin, Charles Bosc, and Claude Antoine
Boissenot, of 2, Rue Sainte Appoline, Paris, Empire of France, Gentle-
men, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE INDICATORS,
STATING THE DISTANCE TRAVELLED, THE TIME WHEN THEY HAVE BEEN HIRED
OR NOT, AND IF THEY ARE HIRED OR NOT."
Sealed the 5th April 1867, and dated the 9th October 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jean Monnin, Charles
Bosc, and Claude Antoine Boissenot at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 9th October 1866.
We, JEAN MONNIN, CHARLES Bosc, and CLAUDE ANTOINE BOISSENOT,
of 2, Rue Sainte Appoline, Paris, Empire of France, Gentlemen, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for. " IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE
INDICATORS; STATING THE DISTANCE TRAVELLED, THE TIME WHEN THEY HAVE BEEN
HIRED OR NOT, AND IF THEY ARE HIRED OR NOT." to be as follows:-..
Our improvements consist in fitting behind the seat of a carriage a large
back stuffed or padded on one side, the opposite side of which is provided with
prongs or other appliances, so that the seat cannot be occupied unless in its
proper position without injury to the occupier. The position of this seat when
the vehicle is occupied is that of an ordinary easy chair, and when the carriage
is not occupied the back-is: reversed,-that-is-the-top-will-be inclined-forwards:
in such a position that the prongs will project upwards and it will be found.
impossible to enter the carriage. By inclining the back forwards the words,

page_text: for example, "empty carriage" are exposed to view, and as soon as a person
wishes to use the carriage the driver places the back in position by means of
a lever or cord without leaving his seat; this action hides the words "empty
carriage," and at the same time sets the indicator into action, so that it may
show the moment and the time the vehicle is occupied. We employ an indi-
cator having one or several dials visible, the mechanism of which is enclosed
in a box completely shut up; on one of these dials the time is shown inside
the carriage.
We consider as a good arrangement that a needle shall return to zero cach
time that the passenger or occupier of the carriage changes without stopping
the indicator inside the closed box which registers the day's work. The time
when the carriage has been engaged and when it has not been engaged is
shown by particular marks on one or other of the dials, or on one or several
strips of
paper; these different marks are regulated by the articulation of the
back. The means provided for transmitting motion from the driver to the
back, and from the latter to the indicator, must be placed in strong frames.
and the whole must work with great facility in such manner that from the
outside the parts may not be interfered with.
The accompanying Drawing is a view, partly in section, of a carriage fitted
with our improvements, which consist in hinging behind the seat a large
back a stuffed on one side a', the opposite side a of which is fitted with
spikes to prevent a passenger seating himself. When the carriage is occupied
the back a is raised up, as shown in the Drawing, but if the carriage is empty
the driver draws down the back a, and as shown by the red lines, in which
position it prevents any person entering the carriage. The back a is in com-
munication at the point b with a lever c free to oscillate on a centre c', and
as the other end of the lever c communicates by a rod d with another lever f,
power is maintained over the lever in order that the mechanism of the
index contained in the box h may register the time when the index is set to
work, and which will be 'the time when the carriage is engaged or occupied,
as well as when it is not occupied. The diameter of the wheel being known
the circumference is easily ascertained, a simple index being added in commu-
nication with an indicator fitted with a needle indicates the distance travelled
in miles, metres, or other distances. It will be understood that the motion of
the seat may be transmitted by one of the levers c or for the rod d to one or
several tablets to show whether the carriage is full or empty.

page_text: SPECIFICATION' in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jean Monnin, Charles Bosc, and Claude Antoine Boissenot
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th April 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM-THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JEAN.
MONNIN, CHARLES BOSC, and CLAUDE ANTOINE BOISSENOT, of 2, Rue Sainte
Appoline, Paris, Empire of France, Gentlemen, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her reign did
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said Jean
Monnin, -Charles Bosc, and Claude Antoine Boissenot, Her special licence
that we, the said Jean Monnin, Charles Bosc, and Claude Antoine Boissenot,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Jean
Monnin, Charles Bosc, and Claude Antoine Boissenot, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE INDICATORF, STATING THE DISTANCE
TRAVELLED, THE TIME WHEN THEY HAVE BEEN HIRED OR NOT, AND IF THEY ARE
HIRED OR NOT," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Jean
Monnin, Charles Bosc, and Claude Antoine Boissenot, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next. and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Jean Monnin, Charles Bosc, and
Claude Antoine Boissenot, do hereby declare the nature of 'our said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being
had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters marked thereon,
that is to say:
Our improvements, consist in fitting and applying to the interior of a carriage,
and behind the scat thereof, a large back occupying the whole-breadth of the
carriage-stuffed-or-padded-on-one side, the opposite side of which is provided
with prongs or other appliances, so that the seat cannot be occupied unless

page_text: 37
in its proper position without injury to the occupier. The position of this
seat when the vehicle is occupied is that of an ordinary casy chair, that is
vertical; and when the carriage is not occupied the back is reversed, that is the
top will be inclined forwards in such a position that the prongs will project
upwards, and it will be found impossible to enter the carriage. By inclining
the back forwards the words, for example, "empty carriage' are exposed to
view, and as soon as a person wishes to use the carriage the driver places
the back in position by means of his hand or by a lever or cord without
leaving his seat; this action hides the words "empty carriage," and at the
same time sets the indicator into action so that it may show the moment and
the time the vehicle is occupied.
We employ an indicator having one or several dials visible, the mechanism
of which is enclosed in a box completely shut up. On one of these dials the
time is shown inside the carriage.
We consider as a good arrangement that a needle shall return to zero each
time that the passenger or occupier of the carriage changes without stopping
the indicator inside the closed box which registers the day's work... The time
when the carriage has been engaged and when it has not been engaged is
shown by particular marks on one or other of the dials, or on one of several
strips of paper; these different marks are regulated by the articulation of the
back. The means provided for transmitting motion from the driver to the back,
and from the latter to the indicator, must be placed in strong frames, and the
whole must work with great facility, and in such manner that from the outside
the parts may not be interfered with.
The accompanying Drawing shows in longitudinal section so much of a
carriage fitted with these improvements as will be necessary to show the
manner in which our Invention may be carried into effect. a is a large back
of a seal fitted in such manner as to be capable of turning on two trunnions or
bearings placed on each side, and forming a centre b in order to be able to
place the back a cither in the position shown by the full lines or into that
indicated by the dotted lines; this back a is stuffed or padded on one side a¹
on which the occupant or occupants of the carriage sit, and on the other
side it is fitted with spikes, blades, or other appliances to prevent a person
sitting thereon. The back a is jointed to a lever c, the other end of which
is united to a quadrant turning on a centre, the other arm of which is
jointed to a long connecting rod b¹ united to another quadrant e, which
through a leverf transmits motion to a horizontal shaft g, where two small
arms are jointed, each acting in its turn on the indicator which is enclosed
in the box and locked so that the driver cannot touch the mechanism.

page_text: The construction and arrangement of the mechanism may be varied so long
as it registers the time the carriage is let and the time it is not let, these two
conditions being regulated by the position of the back a.
With reference to the transmission of motion from the back.. to the tablet
showing that the vehicle is empty the following arrangement represented in
the Drawing may be employed. The tablet k placed at the top of the carriage
is jointed to an axis k'. around which a helical spring is wound which always
tends to raise the tablet. The axis carries a small lever which extends to
the interior of the vehicle, and receives from the back itself a motion which
it communicates io the tablet. It will however be seen that a different
combination of levers would produce a similar action, therefore we do not
limit ourselves to this particular arrangement; for example, we sometimes use
a simple cord to communicate motion to the tablet worked by the hand of
the driver.
And having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we claim,-
First, the employment of and application to vehicles of large jointed backs
capable of being placed to prevent admission into the interior and of being
readjusted to admit of admission, substantially as herein-before described.
Second, fitting the back with appliances to prevent it being used as a seat.
except when in its correct position, substantially as herein-before described.
Third, the method or methods of transmitting motion from the back to the
indicator for registering the time the vehicle is let as well as the time it is
empty, all as herein-before described.
Fourth, the method or methods of utilizing the motion of the back in order
to cause an indicator outside to show whether the vehicle is full or empty as'
herein-before described.
In witness whereof we, the said Jean Monnin, Charles Bosc, and Claude
Antoine Boissenot, have hereunto set our hands and seals, the Second
day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-seven.