IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING AND DISINFECTING ORGANIC SUBSTANCES
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the
Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING AND DISINFECTING ORGANIC
SUBSTANCES." A communication from abroad by Vincent Marie Féraud,
Leonard Laureau, and Felix Richard, all of Paris, in the Empire of
France.
-
Sealed the 3rd April 1860, and dated the 17th October 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said. William Edward Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition. on-the
17th October 1859.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING AND DISINFECTING ORGANIC
SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to preserve animal or vegetablé substances
from decay by preventing or arresting the progress of fermentation. This
object is effected by submitting the substance to be operated upon to the
action of some convenient hydrocarbon.
The Invention is applicable to the preservation of animal substances,such
as meat, leather, skins, and also to the disinfection of feculent matters, such
astheexcrement and urine of animals, the refuse of slaughter-houses,tanneries;
soap works, and other manufactures where organic matters are used in the
arts. Hydrocarbons may be obtained, as is well known, from various mineral
or vegetable substances, such as coal, mineral pitch, bituminous, schist, some
vegetable gums or gum resins; turpentine, rosin, rosin.oil, and other substances.

page_text: The dense hydrocarbons or heavy oils, as they are termed, are preferred for
the purpose of the present Invention, and as the cost of the different hydro-
carbons varies, the choice of the particular one to be employed must depend
upon the substance to be operated upon, as the heavier and coarser hydro-
carbons may be suitable for rough processes, such as making manures, whereas
a purer and uncolored hydrocarbon will be preferable for operating upon sub-
stances which would be liable to be discolored by using the coarse substance.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 17th April 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66. Chancery Lane,in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign,did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Edward Newton, Her special license that 1, the said William
Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING AND DISINFECTING ORGANIC SUBSTANCES," being a
communication from abroad, by Vincent Marie Feraud, Leonard Laureau,
and Felix Richard, all of Paris, in the Empire of France, upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said William Edward Newton, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof (that is to say) -

page_text: The principle of this Invention consists in the employment of heavy hydro-
carbons and oils extracted from mineral or vegetable pitc. or tar, naphtha,
bitumen, asphaltes, resins, balms, and other analogous carbonaceous matters.
These hydrocarbons, in the proportion of 5 per cent., or even less; possess
the property of preventing organic matters, either of animal or vegetable
origin, from putrifying. They also possess the property of preserving organic
inatters for any length of time, and by preventing fermentation in fresh sub-
stances they will arrest decomposition when the articles operated upon had
already undergone a change. Of course, if the proportion of hydrocarbons
be greater, the effect will be more powerful.
The hydrocarbons which have the greatest preserving properties are those
distilled under 150 degrees heat of the centigrade thermometer. The oils
extracted at lower or higher temperatures owe a certain amount of their
preserving power to their containing a greater or less proportion of hydro-
carbon, and the employment of these matters is included under the present
Patent.
The preservation of all organic matters, without interfering in any way with
their various uses in the arts, manufactures, and agriculture, by the addition of
the said hydrocarbons to such matters, or their immersion in those hydro-
carbons when brought to a liquid state, is therefore claimed under the present
Patent.
The Invention may be employed,-
1st, for blood, whether employed for the extraction of albumen, or for the
preparation of prussiates and of Prussian blue.
2nd, for skins of animals, whether intended to be tanned, dressed, or
manufactured into fur.
3rd, for the intestines of oxen, sheep, pigs, and horses, whether to be
employed for the manufacture of catgut, goldbeaters' skin, or for other
purposes.
4th, for the refuse of slaughter-houses, and boiling and melting houses,
poultry and game which is too high, and all animal matters from which
grease is extracted for the manufacture of soap. In order to bleach fatty
matters and remove any offensive odor, they are first boiled in fresh or salt.
water, and then filtered upon animal charcoal, at a convenient temperature
and pressure.
5th, the refuse of distilleries or manufactories from which alcohol is pro-
duced, but the offensive smell from which causes these manufactories to be
subjected to regulations which prevent the primary matters from being
completely utilized, and which are, therefore, almost entirely lost.

page_text: 6th, for the primary matters or refuse of breweries, starch manufactories,
washing-houses, or laundries, glue manufactories, and manufactories of train,
fish, and animal oil, establishments for flaying animals, washing wool, manu-
factories of soap, tallow, bones, and glucose, tripe-houses, and generally
all insalubrious establishments where nitrogenous and putrescent matters
are employed.
7th, for threads, cords, cloths, and tissues of all kinds, whether made of
hemp, fax, wool, silk, or other fibrous substances, and also for woods of all
kinds.
8th, for grain and seeds of all kinds from which vegetables are produced.
9th, for the eggs of silkworms:
10th, for substances which may be used as manures, such as guano, fish
refuse, horns, bones, and other analogous substances:
11th, for alimentary substances.
In case the smell of the liydrocarbons should be objectionable at the time
the matters preserved are required to be employed, this may be removed by
treating them with sulphuret of carbon, and which is also claimed as part of
'this Invention.. '
For common or valueless matters, the products of the most common pitch
and tai are employed as disinfecting agents, and transportable products are
thereby obtained suitable for use as manures for agricultural purposes. For
substances which are required to be perfectly inodorous, or the color of which
is not to be changed in any way, resinous oils which are colorless or perfectly
inodorous are employed.
By the employment of this Invention the most offensive manufactories may
receive their primary matters, prepare their products, and run off their refuse
without giving off any noxious effluvia.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of April, in the year of our
Lord Oue thousand eight hundred and sixty..
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
W. E. NEWTON. (L.S.)