IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR DRYING PAPER AND OTHER FABRICS
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for
the Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR DRYING PAPER AND OTHER
FABRICS." A communication from abroad by Edward L. Perkins, of
Roxbury, in the County of Norfolk and State of Massachusetts, United
States of America.
Sealed the 8th November 1859, and dated the 13th September 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 13th September 1859.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR DRYING PAPER AND OTHER
FABRICS," to be as follows:-
The method heretofore most commonly practised for drying sized paper has
been to suspend the sheets in a drying room through which the atmospheric
air is allowed to circulate; but the success of this mode, it will be evident,
depends upon the state of the atmosphere, as a moist air "rots" the size, and a
too violent blast or draft upon the paper prevents the accomplishment of the
desired result, as it is well known that the animal size used cannot be pro-
perly dried and hardened except under peculiar and the most favorable
circumstances. Attempts have also been made to effect the desired object, by

page_text: passing the wet paper over heated cylinders, but this is unsuccessful, owing
in part to the injurious effects of the steam or moisture thus generated upon
the size. In the improved apparatus the sized paper is fed in vertically, and
is passed in a serpentine direction through the apparatus, during which it is
exposed to a gentle vertical current of heated atmosphere, which is received
through proper inlets at the bottom, and passes up between coils of heated
pipes or other, suitable heating, apparatus, and after circulating over the surface
of the paper, it escapes at the top through outlets for the purpose. At the
bottom of the apparatus are placed coils of pipes, heated by steam or other-
wise, leaving apertures at the bottom for the inlet of the atmospheric air, which
passes up between the coils, and thereby becomes heated. Above the heating
apparatus and communicating therewith is a box filled with a series of guiding
rolls, between which the paper is fed, and made to travel vertically, being
wound upon the delivering roll, and received, as fast as dried, upon the
receiving roll. Outlets are made at the top of the apparatus,, through which
the heated air and steam find an easy escape. Air is received through the
inlets at the bottom,, and passes up between the pipes of the heating apparatus,
and between the guiding rolls, and out through the apertures at top, thereby
subjecting the paper to the action of a gentle current of air,, which carries of
all steam and moisture as fast as it is generated, instead of allowing the
moisture to circulate about and remain in contact with the paper, which
has heretofore been unavoidable by any mode of drying paper before
attempted.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 13th March 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said William Edward Newton, Her special license that I, the said
William Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors, 'administrators,

page_text: and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR DRYING PAPER AND OTHER FABRICS,"
being a communication from abroad by Edward L. Perkins, of Roxbury,
in the County of Norfolk and State of Massachusetts, United States of
America, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said .William
Edward Newton, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next.
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
The method heretofore most commonly practised. for drying sized paper has
been to suspend the sheets in a drying room, through which the atmospheric
air is allowed to circulate; but the success of this mode, it will be evident,
depends upon the state of the atmosphere, as a moist air "rots" the size, and
a too violent blast or draft upon the paper prevents the accomplishment of the
desired result, as it is well known that the animal size used cannot be pro-
perly dried and hardened except under peculiar and the most favorable
circumstances: Attempts have also been made to effect the desired object,
by passing the wet paper over heated cylinders, but this operation has been
unsuccessful, owing, in part, to the injurious effects of the steam or moisture
thus generated upon the size. It has been found, by experiments, that in
drying sized paper it is necessary to produce and keep up a gentle current
or draft of heated air upon the paper, in such a manner that the steam or
moisture evolved from the wet paper may have a rapid and easy escape, and
.pass out as fast as generated, as its contact with the paper for any considerable
duration of time. will be very injurious if not entirely destructive. to the size,
for, when the atmosphere. is damp, paper-makers have found that many sheets
have been spoiled from this cause. In the improved apparatus which forms
the subject of the present. Invention, the sized paper is fed in vertically, and
is passed in a serpentine direction through the apparatus, during which it is
exposed to a gentle vertical current of heated air, which is admitted through

page_text: proper inlets at the bottom, and in passing up is warmed by a suitable heating
apparatus, and after circulating over the surface of the paper it escapes at the
top, through outlets provided for the purpose. The heating apparatus is
placed at the bottom of the drying chamber, and consists of coils of pipes,
heated by steam or otherwise, apertures being made at the bottom of the
drying chamber for the inlet of atmospheric air, which passes up between
the coils, and thereby becomes heated. Above the heating apparatus, and
communicating therewith, is a box or chamber fitted with a series of guiding
rolls, between and over which the paper is fed, and made to travel up and
down vertically through the chamber. The paper to be operated upon is
wound upon the delivering roll, and is received, as fast as dried, upon a
receiving roll at the opposite side of the drying chamber. Outlets are made
at the top of the apparatus, through which the heated air and steam find an
easy escape. After subjecting the paper to the action of a gentle current of air,
as above stated, it passes out of the chamber, and the draught of air through
the latter carries off all steam and moisture as fast as it is generated, instead
of allowing the moisture to circulate about the drying chamber, and remain
in contact with the paper.
In the accompanying Drawings Fig. 1 is a transverse vertical section, and
Fig. 2 a longitudinal vertical section, of the improved apparatus which forms
the subject of the present Invention. The supporting framework of the
apparatus is seen at a, a, and at the bottom of the apparatus are placed coils
of pipes b, b, which are heated by steam, hot water, or otherwise. Apertures
c, c, at the bottom of the heating chamber are provided for the admission of
air, which passes up between the coils of heated pipes, and thereby becomes
heated. Above the heating apparatus, and communicating therewith, is a
chamber d, d, filled with a series of guide rollers e, e, over and between
which the paper is fed, and made to travel vertically up and down, as shewn
at ff. The sized paper is, in the first instance, wound upon the roller 9,
and passes from thence into the drying chamber, and having passed through
the latter, it is received, when dried, upon the receiving roll h on the opposite
side of the drying chamber. The heated air and steam from the paper ascends
to the upper part of the apparatus, and escapes therefrom through the
openings i, i. It will now be understood that air is received through the
inlets c, c, at the bottom, and passes, as indicated by the arrows in the
Drawings, up between the pipes of the heating apparatus, and between the
guiding rolls e, e, and out through the apertures i, i, at top, thereby subjecting
the paper to the action of a gentle current of air, which carries off all steam
and moisture as fast as it is generated.

page_text: Having now described the Invention that has been communicated to me
as aforesaid, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is,
the improved apparatus herein set forth for drying paper and other fabrics ;
I claim particularly the means whereby the paper or other fabric, during its
passage through the apparatus, is subjected to a gentle current of warm or
heated air, the same being produced by admitting air at the bottom, and
causing it to become heated by a suitable heating apparatus, and pass up
and escape through apertures at the top, as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
W. E. NEWTON. (L.S.)