Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Jan.. 1888
Complete Specification Left, 13th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 16th Nov., 1888
We EDWARD BARNES of Parchfields Wellington Road Handsworth in the County
of Stafford Mechanical Engineer and TANGYES LIMITED of Cornwall Works Soho in
the County of Stafford Engineers do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to
be as follows :-
The said invention has reference to such pumping engines as are worked by hydraulic
power and have two cylinders the piston of each cylinder operating the slide or other
valve of the other cylinder.
In constructing a hydraulic duplex pumping engine according to the said invention
we employ in the motor cylinders pistons having a sectional area equal to twice the
sectional area of their respective piston rods so that the pressure of the water or
motor liquid on the rod side of the piston being maintained constant it is only
necessary to admit it alternately to the opposite sides of the piston to produce in the
piston a reciprocating motion of uniform power. The side of the piston opposite to
that on which for the time being the water under pressure is operating is in communi-
cation with the exhaust passage so that the water on that side of the piston is allowed
to escape. For this purpose a small ordinary D slide valve (or other valve as herein-
after explained) is placed in each cylinder in conjunction with admission and exhaust
ports or passages the valve in each cylinder controlling the admission and exhaust of
the other cylinder. The exhaust port of each cylinder is placed towards the front end
of its cylinder and towards the opposite or bottom end of the other cylinder.
Pumping engines of the kind to which these improvements apply are usually made
with the axes of the cylinders situated in the same horizontal plane. The valves
described may either be on the same level as the axes of the cylinders in which case
they are situated in the sides of the cylinders opposite each other or they may be
situated at a lower level that is at the under side of each cylinder or the said valves
may be at the top side of the cylinders. The piston rods are each provided with a
collar at a distance from the piston equal to the length of the stroke of the piston less
the travel of the valve. The valve is operated by the piston as it nears the end of its

page_text: stroke in the direction of the front end of the cylinder and the said.valve is operated
by the collar on the piston rod as the piston nears the end of its stroke in the opposite
direction. The admission port of the valve in one cylinder is connected to the
opposite end of the other cylinder by pipes or passages. The exhaust ports are
connected with one outlet and the front ends of the cylinders are connected to the
main or supply pipe of the water or motor liquid under pressure.
The action of the parts is as follows. Supposing the pistons to be at the bottom or
closed ends of their respective cylinders the valve of that cylinder which has its
exhaust passage nearest its piston will be in a position to admit the motor liquid under
pressure to the piston of the other cylinder which last named piston will make a stroke
and open the admission port leading to the first named cylinder. The piston in this
cylinder will then make a stroke and open the exhaust to the other cylinder and so on.
In other words each piston at the end of its stroke remains stationary at the front end
of its cylinder while the piston in the other cylinder advances. This latter reaching
the end of its stroke remains stationary while the former makes its return stroke.
Each piston as it nears the end of its stroke operates the slide valve which in in its
cylinder by the operation of which slide valve the piston in the other cylinder is
set in motion.
In place of the slide valves described valves of the kind known as Corless valves
may be employed. In this case the piston of each cylinder operates on an arm or
lever contained in its cylinder and thereby gives the required motion to the axis of
the valve and effects the changes in the connections with the admission and exhaust
ports herein before described. When valves of this kind are employed the cylinders
may either be vertical horizontal or inclined. When slide valves are employed the
cylinders are preferably horizontal.
When the water or motor liquid is of low pressure it is desirable that the valves
should have a large area.
In this case we employ piston valves in place of slide valves the area of the valve
extending all around the interior of the cylinder.
Dated this Twenty third day of January 1888
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hydraulic Duplex Pumping Engines..
We EDWARD BARNES of Parchfields, Wellington Road, Handsworth in the County
of Stafford Mechanical Engineer and TANGYES LIMITED of Cornwall Works, Soho, in
the County of Stafford Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
and in what manner the same to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The said invention has reference to such pumping engines as are worked by hydraulic
power and have two cylinders, the piston of each cylinder operating the slide or
other valve of the other cylinder.
In constructing a hydraulic duplex pumping engine according to the said invention
we employ in the motor cylinders pistons having a sectional area equal to twice the
sectional area of their respective piston rods so that the pressure of the water or motor
liquid on the rod side of the piston-being maintained constant it is only necessary to
admit it alternately to the opposite sides of the piston to produce in the piston a recipro-
cating motion of uniform power. The side of the piston opposite to that on which
for the time being the water under pressure is operating is in communication with the
exhaust passage so that the water on that side of the piston is allowed to escape. For
this purpose a small ordinary D slide valve (or other valve as hereinafter explained) is
placed in each cylinder in conjunction with admission and exhaust ports or passages,
the valve in each cylinder controlling the admission and exhaust of the other cylinder.
The exhaust port is placed towards the front end of its cylinder and towards the
opposite or bottom end of the other cylinder.
1
Pumping engines of the kind to which these improvements apply are usually made
with the axes of the cylinders situated in the same horizontal. plane. The valves
described may either be on the same level as the axes of the cylinders in which case.
they are situated in the sides of the cylinders opposite each other; or they may be
situated at a lower level; that is, at the underside of each cylinder; or the said valves
may be at the top side of the cylinders. The piston rods are each provided with a
collar. at a distance from the piston equal to the length of the stroke of the piston.
less the travel of the valve. The valve is operated by the piston as it nears the end of
its stroke in the direction of the front end of the cylinder and the said valve is operated
by the collar on the piston rod as the piston nears the end of its stroke in the opposite
direction. The admission port of the valve in one cylinder is connected to the
opposite end of the other cylinder by pipes or passages. The exhaust ports are
connected with one outlet and the front ends of the cylinders are connected to the
main or supply pipe of the water or motor liquid under pressure..
The action. of the parts is as follows:-Supposing the pistons to be at..the bottom
or cover ends of their respective cylinders the valve of that cylinder which has its.
exhaust passage nearest its piston will be in a position to admit the motor liquid under
pressure to the piston of the other cylinder, which last named piston will make a
stroke and open the admission port leading to the first named cylinder. The piston
in this cylinder will then make a stroke and open the exhaust to the other cylinder

page_text: and so on.
In other words each piston at the end of its stroke remains stationary
while the piston in the other cylinder advances. This latter reaching the end of its
stroke remains stationary while the former makes its return stroke. Each piston as
it nears the end of its stroke operates the slide valve which is in its cylinder by
the operation of which slide valve the piston in the other cylinder is set in motion.
In place of the slide valves described valves of the kind known as Corliss valves
may be employed. In this case the piston of each cylinder operates on an arm or
lever contained in its cylinder and thereby gives the required motion to the axis of
the valve and effects the changes in the connections with the admission and exhaust
ports herein before described. When valves of this kind are employed, the cylinders
may either be vertical horizontal or inclined. When slide valves are employed the
cylinders are preferably horizontal.
When the water or motor liquid is of low pressure it is desirable that the valves
should have a large area. In this case we employ piston valves in place of slide
valves the area of the valve extending all around the interior of the cylinder.
We will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings the
manner in which the said invention is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in elevation a hydraulic duplex pumping engine constructed
according to one of the arrangements of the said invention, one of the hydraulic or
motor cylinders and its appliances being represented in longitudinal vertical section and
Figure 2 is a plan of the same; Figure 3 is a longitudinal vertical section taken through
one of the hydraulic or motor cylinders and valve box of the engine; Figure 4 is a
transverse vertical section taken through both hydraulic or motor cylinders and valve
boxes of the engine; Figure 5 is a plan of the two motor cylinders and Figures 6
and 7 are plans of the slide valve and valve face respectively of the motor or hydraulic
cylinders which we prefer to employ ; Figures 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 are drawn to a larger
scale than Figures 1 and 2.
As the appliances of the two motor cylinders are similar (with the exception herein-
after pointed out) we will first describe the construction of one only of the said
cylinders and its appliances, it being understood that the action hereinafter described
with respect to one motor cylinder applies substantially to both motor cylinders.
The hydraulic or motor cylinders are marked A, A² in Figures 2, 4 and 5, the
cylinder A and its appliances being represented in part in longitudinal vertical section
in Figures 1 and 3. In the cylinder A is fitted the trunk piston B, B2, B³ provided
with a collar c. It will be seen by reference to the Drawing that the part B of the
trunk piston is of a larger diameter than the part B3; B2 is the piston proper. The
front annular surface of the piston proper B2 is constantly exposed to the pressure of
the working liquid supplied through the pipe a, but the back or full area B is
alternately subjected to and relieved from that pressure in the manner hereinafter
described.
In the cylinder A is a valve box d. This valve box is provided with pressure and
exhaust ports e, f, the exhaust port f being connected to the exhaust pipe 9 (see
Figures 2, 4 and 5) and the pressure port e connected by the pipe h to the back or
cover end A³ of the other cylinder A2 at h² (see Figure 5). The valve box d is fixed
with its pressure port e towards the back or cover end of the cylinder A as repre-
sented in Figure 3 and indicated in Figure 5. The pressure and exhaust ports of the
other cylinder A² are in reverse position as indicated by el, f¹ in Figure 5. The
pipe * which connects the pressure port e¹ of the cylinder A2 with the cover end of
the cylinder A at 75 crosses the other pipe has seen in Figures 2, 3 and 5 so that
the valve of one cylinder shall admit pressure to and exhaust from the back or cover
end of the other cylinder.
Having in the foregoing description referred for the most part to one motor cylinder
only and its appliances namely the motor cylinder A we desire here to point out that
the parts marked B, b, c, d e and f of the motor cylinder A have the corresponding
parts of the motor cylinder A² marked where they can be conveniently indicated with
similar letters of reference excepting that a dash is added to each of the said reference
letters of the motor cylinder A².

page_text: The slide valve and valve box which we prefer to employ are separately represented
in Figures 6 and 7. The valve proper is marked b in Figure 6 and is a circular
figure and is inserted in the bridle 62; the ports in the valve box are of an elliptical
or circular Figure.
We will now describe the action of the hydraulic duplex pumping engine.
Supposing the pistons to be at the bottoms or cover ends of their respective
cylinders and the slide valve of the cylinder A in the position represented in
Figure 3, in that case the cover end A³ of the other cylinder A2 will be in commu-
nication with the exhaust through the ports e, while the cover end of the cylinder A
will be open to the working liquid through the ports e, f of the cylinder A², as
indicated in Figure 5. The full area B of the trunk piston B2 in the motor
cylinder A being subjected to the pressure of the working liquid is forced forward
in the direction of the arrow Figure 3 until it comes in contact with the slide valve b
which is forced forward thereby first closing the communication between the
cylinder A2 and the exhaust and afterwards by the further motion of the slide
valve it passes from off the port e thereby opening the port e to the interior of the
cylinder A and consequently the motor liquid now passes down the port e and
through the pipe h to the cover end A3 of the cylinder A². The piston at the
cover end A³ of the cylinder A2 is thus subjected to the pressure of the motor
liquid and is forced forward thereby until it reaches the slide valve in its cylinder, the
motion which it communicates to the slide valve first closing the port e¹ from the
motor liquid (see Figure 5) and afterwards opening the said port e¹ to the exhaust
pipe g through the exhaust port fl.
The back or full area B of the piston in the cylinder A is now relieved from
pressure and the pressure of the working liquid acting on its front annular face
forces the said piston back, that is, to the cover end of the cylinder, its collar c coming
in contact with the slide valve b and restoring the said slide valve to the position
represented in Figure 3. As the slide valve takes the position Figure 3 the port e
is shut off from the pressure of the motor liquid and put into communication with the
exhaust, thus relieving the base or full area of the piston in the cylinder A² from the
pressure of the motor liquid the pressure of the motor liquid in the annular or front
face of the piston in the cylinder A² forcing it to the back or cover end of the said
cylinder A2 and the operations herein before described are repeated.
Figures 8 and 9 represent in longitudinal and transverse section the cylinders,
valves, valve boxes and ports of a hydraulic duplex pumping engine operating in a
similar manner to that already described but the modified engine Figures 8 and 9 is
provided with valves of the cylindrical or Corliss type.
In this modification the valve in one cylinder is not operated upon by the piston in
the other cylinder through the connecting pipes as in the first described arrangement,
but the piston in one cylinder operates the valve in the other cylinder by means of an
arm or lever acting through the spindle of the valve. The valves are marked a, b and
their spindles are marked a', '. The valve a is worked by the piston B₁ through the
arm or lever c and the valve is worked by the piston B through the arm or
lever c¹.
Figure 10 represents a horizontal section of the cylinders valves and valve boxes of
a hydraulic duplex pumping engine in which the piston valves b, b', pressure ports e, e
exhaust ports fand passages h and pressure supply pipe a are constructed and operate
substantially as before described with reference to the form of the said invention
herein first described.
An examination of Figure 10 combined with a knowledge of the action of the first
described arrangement Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 will enable the reader to trace the
opening and closing of the respective ports by the action of the pistons in the cylinders
and the operation of the piston in one cylinder by the motion of the valve in the other
cylinder.
.
Figures 11 and 12 represent horizontal and transverse sections respectively of a
hydraulic duplex pumping engine with the cylinders, pistons and pipes arranged
somewhat differently from the arrangement represented in Figures 3, 4 and 5.. In

page_text: this modified arrangement, the valves b, bare of the ordinary D type and work
transversely, the said valves being moved by projections on their upper sides-
engaging in slots c in the pistons B B the said slots c being inclined to the axes of the
pistons. The valve boxes of the said valves b. bare provided with guides k, k to
keep the said valves in position. By this arrangement when either piston makes a
stroke the valves are opened or closed according to the direction of the stroke with
the same effect as herein before described.
We do not confine ourselves to making the valves move exactly transversely or
perpendicularly to the axis of either cylinder as they may be arranged to work
obliquely.. Neither do we limit ourselves to working the valve by means of an
inclined slot as the same result may be obtained by means of a projection or slot
parallel to the axis of the piston the motion being given to the valve by means of a
lever or arm connected to the piston and suitably guided outside the cylinder. By
this construction as well as that shown in Figures 8 and 9 a pump may be made to
work vertically, horizontally or at an angle.
Figure 13 represents a horizontal longitudinal section taken through the cylinders,
valves and valve boxes of a duplex hydraulic pumping engine, with cylinders A A¹
pistons B B', valves A A¹³, moveable seats, passages n, n and n'n' operating
substantially as before described.
The action of the valves in this modification is as follows :--
The
With the pistons B, B¹ in the position shown, the valve a¹ will admit the pressure
of the working liquid through the valve and seatæ annular port el and passage n¹ to
the back or cover end of the piston B. The piston B in making its stroke in the
direction of the arrow on the said piston will push the seat by the collar c and the
area of the cylinder A being greater than the area of the seat a¹ and the space between
the valve a and seat being open to the exhaust, the valve a will follow the said seat b
until the conical beat and the seat on casing are closed at .c. The valve a remains on
the seat by reason of the difference in area of the cylinder A and its seat a.
piston B continuing its stroke pushes the valve seat b by the action of the collar c
from the valve a and thus opens communication between the seat b and valve a
at ¹. The piston B' will then by its forward stroke push the seat 1 thereby
closing the communication to the port e¹, the continued stroke of the said piston B¹
opening communication from the port el to the exhaust port f The valve a¹
with its seat 6 will now be in the relative position shown on the Drawing by the
valve and seat a, b and the said valve and seat a, b will be in the relative position
shown by the valve and seat a¹, b¹.
The ports in the cylinder A are marked e and f.
The return motion of the pistons B and B restores the parts to the positions
represented in the Drawing and the actions described are repeated.
Figure 14 represents a horizontal section through the cylinders of a hydraulic
duplex pumping engine in which the combined pistons and valves bb', pressure
ports e, e communicating with bottom of opposite cylinder at e² e², pressure ports e¹ e',
communicating with bottom of opposite cylinder at e³ e³, exhaust ports ff and pressure
supply pipe a are constructed and operate substantially as before described with
reference to the form of the said invention herein first described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and the manner in which the same is to be performed we declare that we
claim as the said invention of "Improvements in hydraulic duplex pumping
engines
"
First In a hydraulic duplex pumping engine having differential or trunk pistons,
the front or annular faces of which are subjected to a constant pressure of the motor
or working liquid-the combination of valves constructed arranged and operated
together with the adjuncts of the said valves substantially as herein before described
and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 of the accompanying Drawings for
alternately supplying and exhausting the motor or working liquid from the opposite
faces or full areas of the said pistons..
!

page_text: Secondly The modification herein before described and illustrated in Figures 8
and 9 of the accompanying Drawings in which cylindrical or Corliss valves are
employed, the piston in one cylinder operating the valve in the other cylinder by
means of an arm or lever acting through the spindle of the valve as described and
illustrated.
Thirdly The modification herein before described and illustrated in Figure 10 of
the accompanying Drawings in which piston valves are employed and the pressure
and exhaust ports and connecting pipes or passages are arranged substantially as
described and illustrated in the said Figure 10.
Fourthly The arrangement herein before described and illustrated in Figures 11
and 12 of the accompanying Drawings and the modifications described with respect to
the said Figures 11 and 12, for working the slide valves of the said hydraulic duplex
pumping engines.
Fifthly The modification herein before described and illustrated in Figure 13 of
the accompanying Drawings for working the slide valves and adjuncts of the said
hydraulic duplex pumping engines.
Lastly-The modification herein before described and illustrated in Figure 14 of
the accompanying Drawings for working the slide valves of the said hydraulic duplex
pumping engines.
Dated the Tenth day of Datuhar 1888
EDWARD .BARNES.
TANGYES LIMITED,
W. J. Parkins,
Secretary.