Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Feb., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 16th Nov., 1899-Accepted, 16th Feb., 1900
We, LOUIS ENCAUSSE, Doctor of Medicine, and LOUISE ENCAUSSE, Trader, both
of 16 Rue Rodier, Paris, in the Republic of France, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:
-
This invention relates to a novel primary battery in which three metals are
employed. The construction and arrangement of the elements of which the
battery is composed are such as to ensure its acting at constant intensity for about
fifty hours.
The ordinary exciting and acidulated liquids are employed in the formation of
this battery, but the special vessels which contain them are to some extent
transposed.
Each element consists of a cylindrical or prismatic outer vessel, the cylindrical
or prismatic wall of which is made of brass or other suitable metal, with a copper
plate or other suitable metal bottom capable of being soldered or welded thereto.
In the interior of the outer vessel and concentric with its cylindrical or prismatic
wall, is a lining formed of a thin sheet of rolled up zinc-rolled for example
three times and then made fast to the said wall by means of a clamp or plier
forming the negative pole of the battery. In the centre of the outer vessel is
another cylindrical or prismatic vessel made of porous material, into which the
exciting liquid is poured. This inner vessel is closed with a wooden stopper
perforated with a hole and having a central slot. A tube, made of glass, for
example, is inserted through the hole, and extends nearly to the bottom of the
inner vessel and is employed for emptying the same.
In the slot of the stopper
two parallel carbon plates are inserted and are joined together at the top of the
stopper by a stirrup which carries the positive pole of the battery.
The circular space between the interior wall of the outer vessel and the external
wall of the inner porous vessel is filled with suitable salts. The porous vessel is
paraffined at intervals on its external surface, the paraffined parts being equi-
distant and arranged parallel to the axis of the said vessel, for the purpose of
diminishing the porosity of this vessel. The external vessel is furnished if neces-
sary with a cover having a raised edge in order to prevent any liquid coming out
during transit.
D
101 1
T
1900
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.

page_text: We, LOUIS ENCAUSSE, Doctor' of Medicine, and LOUISE ENCAUSSE, Trader, both
of 16 Rue Rodier, Paris, in the Republic of France, do hereby declare the nature.
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement: -
10
་ (
This invention relates to a novel primary battery in which three metals are
employed, and which acts with almost constant intensity for many hours. A
group of the cells, or a battery, of this kind composed of ten cells connected in
series has produced a current of 15 volts during 10 to 12 consecutive hours.
Another such group, or battery, likewise composed of ten cells connected in
parallel furnished a current of twenty amperes during the same period.
We group a certain number of our improved cells for each battery. The bat-
tery will yield a high amperage and low voltage or vice versa. The cells when
grouped will serve for purposes of traction or for lighting.
Our batteries of ten cells, for example, furnishing for each battery, a larger
number of volts or of amperes than we really require, we restrict ourselves to a
certain voltage or amperage per battery, and we attach to the terminals of the
battery a wire of such dimensions as strictly correspond with the restricted
quantity, to supply the current where required. :
::
Our new cell with two liquids is composed of three metals, zinc, lead copper
or brass. The said metals are placed one against the other, fastened together and
the zinc and copper clamped together at their upper ends.
The lead is in contact with the zinc and the copper, it resists any excessive
rise of temperature and thus prevents the chemical reaction from taking place
too rapidly; in consequence it obviates all loss of current which ordinarily
occurs when a cell is first brought into action; and acts in moderating chemical
reaction whilst at the same time retaining any current which is in excess of the
quantity consumed.
The positive element of the cell is composed of one or more pieces of carbon
immersed in an ordinary exciting liquid such as bichromate of potassium, to which
is added a mixture of sulphuric acid and hydrochloric acid enclosed in a porous
vessel, the porousness of which is regulated by forming on its external surface
a larger or smaller number of stripes" with paraffin or any other substance
which ensures impermeableness. Around the porous vessel the said metals are
arranged in thin sheets concentrically, spirally for example, immersed in water
very slightly acidulated with sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid or chromic acid.
It is understood that the composition of these two liquids employed for exci-
tation, varies according to the nature of the work for which the batteries are used,
lighting, traction, etc.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 of the accompanying drawing illustrate in sectional eleva-
tion, and sectional plan respectively a cell constructed according to this invention,
in this case assumed to be elliptical.
The cell is composed of a copper vessela, a porous vessel c a, stopper d made
of wood or other insulating material resting on the rim of the vessel a and fit-
ting into the vessel c. This stopper is perforated with holes e and f for pouring
the liquids in and out. Concentrically to the sides a, coils or spirals n made of
thin sheet lead and similar coils or spirals h formed of thin sheet zinc, amalga-
mated or otherwise, are arranged. The layers of lead are preferably not quite
so high as the zinc layers, in order that the clamp 7 carrying the terminal may
tighten only the copper and zinc parts. One or more pieces of carbon k supported

page_text: by a clamp g with binding screws g¹g, the binding screw 93 serving as a ter-
minal, are immersed in the porous vessel which is more or less covered with
paraffin.
The whole may be furnished with a thin india-rubber casing ; which is turned
slightly under the bottom and over the cover. This casing insulates the battery
from external objects and particularly from electrical contact with any other
cell with which it may be bound.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
An improved double fluid primary battery composed with three metals, copper,
lead, zinc, in thin sheets or plates, placed together and arranged concentrically
around a porous vessel the outside or inside of which is more or less covered with
paraffin or rendered impermeable so as to strictly limit the passage of the exciting
liquid proportionally to the current to be obtained.
Dated this 16th day of November 1899.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.