Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Mar., 1887.
Specification Accepted, 29th Apr., 1887.
I, WILLIAM PRESCOTT KOOKOGEY, residing at
in the City, County and
State of New York, one of the United States of America, gentleman; do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention is an improved solution for primary galvanic batteries, made under a
new process by which I ain enabled to liberate the base from the bi-chromate salt and
hold the chromic acid in solution. Heretofore bi-chromate battery solutions have been
made by dissolving bi-chromate of potash in sulphuric acid and water.
By this process the bi-chromate of potash is completely dissolved in the water and
sulphuric acid generally to the point of saturation.
As the base (as well as the chromium and part of the salt desired) is held in solution
by the formula now in use for making bi-chromate solution, the solution thus made
possesses many objections, among which is the formation of chrome alum or chromic
alum on the elements of the battery, which besides increasing the internal resistance
of the battery, disintegrates and otherwise injures the elements and efficiency of the
battery and frequently the jar also.
In my solution I entirely overcome this objection by removing in the form of
crystals, the base of the bi-chromate salt, leaving the chromium in the solution.
The formula for making my solution is substantially the following: I add to a
certain proportion of bi-chromate of lime boiling water, or bring the water to the
boiling point after adding it to the salt, and while the mixture is still at or near the
boiling point I add sulphuric acid, substantially in the proportions hereinafter stated.
The proportion of bi-chromate of potash or bi-chromate of lime I use in making my
solution is proportionate to the strength I wish the solution to be, and the amount of
chromic acid I wish it to contain. The formula which I generally use, however, and
which I recommend as being the best, is the following: add to eight ounces of
bi-chromate of potash or nine ounces of bi-chromate of lime two and a half pounds of
boiling water; I then add three and a half pounds (avoirdupois) of sulphuric acid
(of the specific gravity of about, 1835) if stronger or weaker acid is used a little
larger or smaller proportion of acid may be used proportionate to the difference in
specific gravity from that above stated.

page_text: The solution thus made is allowed to cool, and to remain for about twenty-four
hours more or less, at a temperature of from, 60°, to 68°, Fahrenheit. The liquid is
then siphoned off, when it will be found that the base or the sulphate of the base is
wholly dissolved into its natural crystals and is deposited in the bottom of the vessel.
The solution thus made and siphoned off. is then ready for use. While as I stated
above, I recommend the above proportions, and observance of the rules and formula
for making my solution, still it must be apparent to any one familiar with the subject
that these proportions may be slightly changed without serious damage being done.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is.
จ
The hereindescribed method of producing a battery solution, which consists in
dissolving bi-chromate of potash or bi-chromate of lime in hot water, adding to the
mixture, sulphuric acid then permitting the preparation to cool and stand during
which time the sulphate salt is crystallized and precipitated, then decanting the
liquid from the precipitate, the materials being combined in substantially the
proportions stated.