Improvements in and connected with Apparatus for Cooling Liquids.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Apr., 1897-Accepted, 22nd May, 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Apparatus for Cooling
Liquids.
I, JOHANN KLEIN of the Maschinen und Armatur-fabrik formerly Klein,
Schanzlin & Becker, of Frankenthal in the German Empire, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to that type of apparatus for, and method of cooling
liquids by contact with air, described in the Specification of Letters Patent
No. 11,246, granted to me and dated the 18th day of July 1890. In the
apparatus described in that specification there are ranges of plates down which the
liquid to be cooled runs, the plates in successive ranges being at an angle to those
of the ranges above or below them, and a current of air being forced to pass
between the plates so as to come into contact with and cool the liquid.
My present improvements are designed to simplify the construction and operation
of the apparatus, and are illustrated by the accompanying drawings to which
reference will hereinafter be made.
In the drawings,
Figure 1 represents a vertical section, and Figure 2 a plan of one form :
Figure 3, a vertical section and Figure 4 a plan of another form: and
Figures 5 and 6 a vertical section and plan respectively, of a further modi-
fication,
According to my present invention, I create and utilise a natural draught for
the air, and I arrange the apparatus or a part of it in a pit so as to reduce the lift
of the water or liquid to be cooled.
'
The cooling plates P P¹ are arranged as described in my former specification,
and the same or similar means and appliances for distributing the water may be
employed.
That part of the apparatus in which the cooling effect takes place, or a part of
this portion of the apparatus is arranged in a pit A. Thus, as shewn in Figure 1,
about one half of the total height of the cooling apparatus is within a pit, or, as
shewn by Figures 3 and 5, nearly the whole of it is so included. Above this
portion of the apparatus there is constructed a kind of chimney C, which may have
a slight batter, and be constructed of wood-work.
The hot or warm liquid passing down the plates P P', imparts its heat to the
contiguous air which thereby becomes heated, and following a natural law, the
apparatus and chimney become filled with heated and consequently rarefied air,
which is displaced by the cooler and heavier external air, thus originating and
maintaining an upward draught through the whole of the apparatus.
As shewn by Figure 1, the lower range of plates to which the liquid is delivered
by the notched trough T, is composed of plates having a greater leugth than the
width of the range above. The wings of this range may be covered by the pent
roofs R R, which may be hinged to turn up so as to give access to the interior.
This range may be closely boarded or built in, but for many purposes it may be
partly boarded round as indicated, with spaces S for the admission of air between
the boards. In such cases it will generally be advantageous to make the space
between the two upper boards narrow, and to increase successive spaces downwards.
The bottom of the apparatus may be entirely open for the admission of air and the
escape of the liquid.

page_text: In the modification represented by Figures 3 and 4, nearly the whole of the
apparatus, apart from the chimney, is included within the pit, the two ranges of
cooling plates have about the same dimensions, the part of the apparatus in the pit
has its sides close boarded, and air enters at the bottom through a kind of louvre L,
which however is not essential.
The further modifications of the apparatus represented by Figures 5 and 6 differs
from that represented by Figures 3 and 4 in having the sides of the apparatus
within the pit formed by walling instead of by wood-work.
In each form of the apparatus the liquid to be cooled arrives through the pipe I,
and after cooling, it is withdrawn froin the pit through the pipe O.
The upper part of the system of cooling plates is separately shewn on an
enlarged scale by Figure 7, in sectional elevation. The highest series of plates and
the upper part of the next lower series are represented as having different
dimensions, but it will be understood that any convenient dimensions and numbers
of plates may be employed as may be determined by the conditions in each case.
The plates are composed of parallel bars or strips B held between the vertical ed
battens B B. The bottom horizontal bar of each row is notched on its lower
edge N so that the liquid may be conducted to the points of the strip whence it
falls directly upon the top edges of the plates below. The points between the
notches N are respectively arranged immediately above the top edges of the lower
plates as shewn. Along the top edge of each plate in each series, there is arranged
a very narrow trough T with a notched upper edge. Above the top series of
plates there is arranged a receiving trough T¹ into which the liquid is delivered by
the pipe I. From this trough the liquid passes by the branch pipes Q to the
notched troughs T of the top series of plates from each of which it flows, through
the notches, to the plates below, from the bottom notched bar of which it passes
to the notched troughs at the top of the next lower series of plates as before
described. It is convenient to have each plate in any series of a little greater
length than the width of the series above in all cases, as hereinbefore described
with reference to Figure 1.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In apparatus of the type described, the arrangement of the whole or part of
the ranges of cooling plates within a pit wherein the said plates are enclosed except
at the bottom, by open or close boarding or walling: substantially as hereinbefore
set forth and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
2. In apparatus of the type described, constructing each lower range of cooling
plates of greater length and covering the projecting wings with hinged pent-roofs:
substantially as bereinbefore set forth and as illustrated by the accompanying
drawings.
3. In apparatus of the type described, constructing the cooling plates in grid
form with the lowest member of the grid notched and with a narrow notched trough
along the top edge: substantially as set forth and as illustrated by the accompanying
drawings.
4. In apparatus of the type set forth, the combination and arrangement with
the several series of cooling plates of a chimney-like enclosure surrounding and
surmounting the plates: substantially as hereinbefore described and as illustrated
by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 21st day of Anril A D 1897