of Heat to Water for the Derivation of Motive Force.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 19th July. 1887.
Specification Accepted, 30th Aug., 1887.
[Communicated from abroad by TREAT T. PROSSER and HENRY WALLER, Junior, both
of Lake Side, State of Illinois, United States of America, Manufacturers.]
of Heat to Water for the Derivation of Motive Force.
I, REGINALD HADDAN of the firm of Herbert & Co., Patent Agents, of 67
Strand, London, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention is a new and useful Process of Utilizing Products of Heat ; and
consists in the application of Heat to Water for the purpose of obtaining motion in
the manner herein fully set forth.
The inventor of this process describes it as follows:-
I am well aware that for many years motion has been derived from the application
of heat to water, and the utilization of the resulting steam or other products, by the
several processes heretofore known and embodied in the combination of mechanisms
constituting what is termed High Pressure Non-Condensing Engines, Low Pressure
Condensing Engines, and the combined High and Low pressure or Compound
Engines, and that each of these processes has become generally used for a special
kind or class of work, because of its adaptability therefor: as for instance, the Low
Pressure and Compound Engines where great power is required and abundant water
can be obtained; and the High Pressure Non-Condensing Engine on railroads, for
Portable Engines, and for the majority of land purposes.
The "plant" required in the construction of the low pressure engine or the com-
pound engine, is expensive in its first cost difficult to maintain, and requires skilled
workmen to control it; the operation of the various mechanisms termed high pressure
engines is usually attended with the production of large quantities of smoke, much

page_text: noise, great waste of water, steam, and fuel, and other well known objectionable
features; and as in every business requiring motive power the expense of its
production enters into the cost of maintaining and operating such business, a reduction
in this expense is a matter of moment to those interested therein; a process, there-
fore, suitable for use in place of the process embodied in the present high pressure
engine, the low pressure engine or the compound engine, and which will do away
with or lessen the objections inherent in each of said processes, is of importance to
all brought in contact therewith.
And the purpose of my invention is to secure a process of obtaining motivo power
from water by the application of heat thereto, with less fuel, less oil, less attention,
than any of the present processes or systems; to obviate the production of smoke, the
making of noise from exhaust steam, the ordinary and unnecessary waste of water,
steam, and fuel, or the heat contained therein; to increase the capacity of the boiler
for producing steam, and lessen the consumption of fuel in such increased production ;
to economically use the steam obtained; to abstract and utilize a large portion of
the heat remaining in the steam produced and used, after it has performed its work
in the cylinder of the engine which forms one of the steps in my process; to re-use
the water secured by such abstraction of heat and while said water contains a large
proportion of the heat first applied thereto and yet remaining therein; and to use
for purposes of fuel, in connection with the ordinary fuel supplied the fire-box, a
product derived from the used steam by my treatment of the same.
To carry my invention into effect I require a high pressure steam boiler for
generating steam by heat: a high pressure steam engine connected with said boiler
for using the steam when generated: a low pressure boiler properly connected with
the exhaust pipes of said engine, to receive the exhaust from the engine, and to act
as a reservoir, as a condenser, and as a means for heating the air used for combustion
in the furnace of the steam generating boiler before its introduction into the fire-box
of said furnace: a force pump specially adapted for pumping hot water and properly
connected with said low pressure boiler and with the high pressure steam boiler, so
that the heated water from condensation contained in the low pressure boiler may at
any time be transferred to the steam generating boiler as it may be required to keep
up the water supply in said boiler.
The high pressure steam generating boiler may be taken from any of the known
types of high pressure steam boilers designed to make steam by fire, either a tubular,
a locomotive or an upright, as all of them may be adapted to the requirements of
this system.
I have illustrated my process by drawings accompanying this specification and
forming a part thereof; said drawings were taken from a high pressure boiler adapted
and used by me in reducing my invention to actual operation.
Fig. 1, is an elevation of the boilers and engine used.
Fig. 2, is a cross-section of the same.
The boilers A, has an internal fire-box a, at its base, flues M, extending to the open
air, and vertical tubes or flues a', extending from the top of said fire-box to the top
of the boiler; said flues to be used for the escape of the volatile products of com-
bustion from the fire-box and as heating tubes for the boiler. This boiler has a large
flue or magazine B, located over the grate (the lower end of the flue extending into
the furnace and the upper end through the top of the boiler and through the smoke
chamber); provided with a tight fitting cover B' on its top, and used as a reservoir for
coal; forming a channel through which the furnace may be fed with coal without
the admission of cold air. This style of boiler was selected and used as one quite
well adapted to meet all of the requirements necessary for carrying out successfully
the working of my invention with a less amount of alteration and addition than any
of the other classes or styles of boilers named.
The engine C, used to operate in connection with the high pressure steam boiler A,
to utilize the power of the steam and to form the connecting link between the high
pressure steam generating boiler and the low pressure condensing boiler D, was a
slide valve piston engine, with a stroke twice the diameter of the cylinder, or what is
sometimes called a high speed engine. The slide valve used for the engine was a

page_text: double ender fitted for covering the two ports at each end of the cylinder. Said valve
had a lap that cut off the entrance of the steam to the cylinder when the piston had
traversed three-fourths of its stroke, and formed a connection with the exhaust port
when the piston had moved through nineteen twentieths of the stroke thus giving an
exhaust lead of about one-twentieth of the stroke.
The two exhaust ports of the engine were connected by separate pipes E, E, to the
low pressure condensing boiler so that whenever the engine was working it would
discharge its exhaust steam into the low pressure boiler from each end of the cylinder
through its corresponding pipe. In each of the exhaust pipes near the condenser a
check valve F, was inserted and so adjusted as to open whenever the pressure on the
side communicating with the engine should be the greater and to close whenever the
pressure in the low pressure boiler or condenser should be the greater, being what is
called a self-acting valve.
It was in
The low pressure boiler used was constructed specially for the purpose.
diameter about one-half larger than the steam generating boiler above described and
but a little over one-half as long; was vertical, with its heads so inserted that the top
head d, was nearly on a level with the top of the boiler and the bottom head d, such
a distance from the bottom of the shell as to form an air chamber G, below the bottom
head. This space was provided with openings, to which openings adjustable doors g,
were fitted.
This boiler has two sets or series of vertical tubes or flues passing through it from
the air chamber to its top, an inner series H, and an outer series H¹, all used for the
passage of air.
The inner series H, are enclosed by a skirting I, that surrounds the bottom of the
high pressure boiler A, and the fire-grate K, and rests on the top of the low pressure
boiler, and are directly beneath the grate and the high pressure boiler. These tubes
or flues are for the admisson of air to the furnace from the air-chamber below them.
The air may be admitted to the air-chamber through the doors or through the outer
series of flues, as desired. In the upper head of the lower boiler directly beneath the
grate and between the air flues are a series of small holes L L, uniformly arranged
between the flues of the inner series, for the purpose of permitting a certain amount
of steam from the low pressure steam boiler to pass up into and through the burning
fuel on the grate, with the heated air coming through the tubes or flues beneath the
grate.
The pump N, used by mne was connected by pipe O with the exhaust steam or low
pressure boiler so as to take the water from that boiler and transfer it to the high
pressure boiler to which it was properly attached by pile O¹, and is propelled by the
steam from the high pressure boiler which when used is discharged into the low
pressure boiler through connection P.
Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters
Patent is
1. In obtaining motion from water by the application of heat thereto, the process
consisting of subjecting the water to heat in a high pressure boiler, of using the steam
resulting therefrom in a high pressure engine, and of discharging the used steam
into a low pressure boiler or reservoir through a discharge pipe or pipes from the
exhaust port or ports of said engine, said pipe having a suitable check valve therein
interposed between said engine and said reservoir; all substantially as described, and
for the purpose set forth.
process
2. In obtaining motion from water by the application of heat thereto, the
consisting of subjecting water to heat in a high pressure boiler of using the steam
resulting therefrom in a high pressure engine, of discharging the used steam from
each exhaust port of said engine into a low pressure boiler through separate discharge
pipes having a suitable check valve interposed between said engine and said low
pressure boiler, and of transferring the heated water obtained in said low pressure
boiler, into the high pressure boiler through proper connections; all substantially as
described, and for the purpose set forth.

page_text: 3. In obtaining motion from water by the application of heat thereto, the process
consisting of subjecting the water to heat in a high pressure boiler, of using the steam
resulting therefrom in a high pressure engine, of discharging the used steam from
the exhaust port or ports of said engine into a low pressure boiler through a discharge
pipe having a check valve therein between said engine and said low pressure boiler, of
transferring the heated water obtained in said low pressure boiler into said high
pressure boiler through suitable connections, and of supplying the furnace of said
high pressure boiler with air passed through flues in said low pressure boiler; all
substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.
4. In obtaining motion from water by the application of heat thereto, the process
consisting of subjecting the water to heat in a high pressure boiler, of using the steam
resulting therefrom in a high pressure engine, of discharging the used steam from
the exhaust port or ports of said engine into a low pressure boiler through a discharge
pipe having a check valve therein between said engine and said low pressure boiler,
of transferring the heated water obtained in said low pressure boiler into said high
pressure boiler through suitable connections, of supplying the furnace of said high
pressure boiler with air passed through flues in said low pressure boiler, and with
steam, or other products of the application of heat to water, from openings or holes
in said low pressure boiler connecting with the fire-box; all substantially as described,
and for the purpose set forth.
5. In obtaining motion from water by the application of heat thereto, the process
consisting of subjecting the water to heat in a high pressure boiler, of using the
steam resulting therefrom in a high pressure engine, of discharging the used steam
into a low pressure boiler through separate discharge pipes from each exhaust port of
said engine, each of said pipes having a check valve interposed therein between said
engine and said low pressure boiler, of transferring the heated water obtained in said
low pressure boiler into the high pressure boiler through suitable connections, and of
supplying the furnace of said high pressure. boiler with steam, or other products of
the application of heat to water, from openings or holes in said low pressure boiler
connecting with the fire-box of said furnace; all substantially as described and for
the purpose set forth.
6. In obtaining motion from water by the application of heat thereto, the process
consisting of subjecting the water to heat in a high pressure boiler, of using the steam
resulting therefrom in a high, pressure engine, of discharging the used steam into a
low pressure boiler through separate discharge pipes from each port of said engine,
each of said pipes having a check valve therein between said engine and said low
pressure boiler, of transferring the heated water obtained in said low pressure
boiler into the high pressure boiler through suitable connections, and of supplying the
furnace of said high pressure boiler with steam, or other products of the application
of heat to water, from openings or holes in said low pressure boiler connecting with
the fire-box of said furnace and with air passing through openings or flues through
the water legs or space surrounding the fire-box of the high pressure boiler from
the open air to said fire-box; all substantially as described, and for the purpose
set forth.
7. In obtaining motion from water by the application of heat thereto, the process
consisting of subjecting the water to heat in a high pressure boiler, of using the
steam resulting therefrom in a high pressure engine, of discharging the used steam
into a low pressure boiler through a discharge pipe from the exhaust port or ports of
said engine, said pipe having a check valve interposed between said engine and said
low pressure boiler, of transferring the heated water obtained in said low pressure
boiler into said high pressure boiler through suitable connections, of supplying the
furnace of said high pressure boiler with air through flues in said low pressure boiler,
with air through openings or flues through the water legs or space surrounding the
fire-box of the high pressure boiler from the open air to said fire-box, and with steam
or other products of the application of heat to water. from openings or holes in said
low pressure boiler connecting with the fire-box; all substantially as described, and for
the purpose set forth.

page_text: 8. In obtaining motion from water by the application of heat thereto, the process
consisting of subjecting the water to heat in a high pressure boiler, of using the steam
resulting therefrom in a high pressure engine, of discharging the used steam into a
low pressure boiler through separate discharge pipes from each exhaust port of said
engine, each of said pipes having a check valve therein between said engine and said
low pressure boiler, of transferring the heated water obtained in said low pressure
boiler into the high pressure boiler through suitable connections, and of supplying the
fire box of said high pressure boiler with steam, or other products of the application
of heat to water, from openings or boles in said low pressure boiler connecting with
said fire-box, with air passing from the open air through openings or flues through the
water legs or space surrounding the fire-box of the high pressure boiler to said fire-
box, and with coal from a flue or magazine passing from above said fire-box through
said high pressure boiler to the open air; all substantially as described, and for the
purpose set forth.
9. In obtaining motion from water by the application of heat thereto the process
consisting of subjecting the water to heat in a high pressure boiler, of using the steam
resulting therefrom in a high pressure engine, of discharging the used steam into a
low pressure boiler through a discharge pipe from the exhaust port or ports of said
engine, said pipe having a suitable check valve interposed between said engine and
said low pressure boiler, of transferring the heated water obtained in said low pressure
boiler into said high pressure boiler through proper connections, of supplying the
furnace of said high pressure boiler with air through flues in said low pressure boiler,
with air through openings or flues from the open air to said fire-box through the water
legs or space surrounding said fire-box, and with steam or other products of the
application of heat to water, from openings or holes in said low pressure boiler
connecting with the fire-box, and with coal from a flue or magazine passing from above
said fire-box through said high pressure boiler to the open air; all substantially as
described, and for the purpose set forth.
10. In obtaining motion from water by the application of heat thereto, the process
consisting of subjecting the water to heat in a high pressure boiler, of using the steam
resulting therefrom in a high pressure engine, of discharging into a low pressure
boiler the used steam from the exhaust port or ports of said engine through a
discharge pipe having a check valve therein between said engine and the end of said
pipe and of supplying the fire-box of said high pressure engine with coal from a flue
or magazine extending from above said fire-box through said high pressure boiler to
the open air; all substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.
11. In obtaining motion from water by the application of heat thereto, the process
consisting of subjecting the water to heat in a high pressure boiler, of using the steam
resulting therefrom in a high pressure engine, of discharging the used steam from
each exhaust port of said engine into a low pressure boiler through a discharge pipe
baving a check valve therein between said engine and said low pressure boiler, of
transferring the heated water obtained in said low pressure boiler into said high
pressure boiler through suitable connections, and of supplying the firebox of said high
pressure engine with coal from a flue or magazine extending from above said fire-box
through said high pressure boiler to the open air; all substantially as described and
for the purpose set forth.
12. In obtaining motion from water by the application of heat thereto, the process
consisting of subjecting the water to heat in a high pressure boiler, of using the steam
resulting therefrom in a high pressure engine, of discharging the used steam through
separate discharge pipes from each exhaust port of said engine into a low pressure
boiler, each of said pipes having a check valve interposed between said engine and
said low pressure boiler, of transferring the heated water obtained in said low pressure
boiler into the high pressure boiler through suitable connections, of supplying the
furnace of said high pressure boiler with air passing through openings or flues through
the water legs surrounding said fire-box from the open air to said fire-box, and with
coal from a flue or magazine extending from above said fire-box through said high

page_text: pressure boiler to the open air; all substantially as described and for the purpose
set forth.
13. In obtaining motion from water by the application of heat thereto, the process
consisting of subjecting the water to heat in a high pressure boiler, of using the steam
resulting therefrom in a high pressure engine, of discharging the used steam into a
low pressure boiler from the exhaust port or ports of said engine through a discharge
pipe or pipes having a suitable check valve therein interposed between said engine and
said reservoir and of supplying the furnace of said high pressure boiler with air passed
through flues in said low pressure boiler; all substantially as described and for the
purpose set forth.
14. The process of obtaining motion from water by the application of heat thereto,
consisting of subjecting the water to heat in a high pressure boiler, of using the steam
resulting therefrom in a high pressure engine, of discharging the used steam into a
low pressure boiler from the exhaust port or ports of said engine through a discharge
pipe or pipes having a suitable check valve therein interposed between said engine and
said reservoir, and of supplying the furnace of said high pressure boiler with steam or
other products of the application of heat to water from openings or holes in said low
pressure boiler connecting with the fire-box of said furnace; all substantially as
described, and for the purpose set forth.
15. The process of obtaining motion from water by the application of heat thereto,
consisting of subjecting the water to heat in a high pressure boiler, of using the steam
resulting therefrom in a high pressure engine, of discharging the used steam into a
low pressure boiler from the exhaust port or ports of said engine through a discharge pipe
or pipes, having a check valve therein interposed between said engine and said reservoir,
and of supplying the furnace of said high pressure boiler with steam or other products
of the application of heat to water from openings or holes in said low pressure boiler
connecting with the fire-box of said furnace, and with air passing through openings
or flues through the water legs or space surrounding the fire-box from the open air
to said fire-box; all substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 19th day of July 1897
R. HADDAN.
By Herbert & Co.,
67, Strand,
Agents.