IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, OR DOUBLING COTTON, SILK, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE FOR WINDING AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Fethney, of the City of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Machinist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, OR DOUBLING COTTON,
SILK, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE
APPLICABLE FOR WINDING AND OTHER PURPOSES."
Sealed the 2nd May 1862, and dated the 5th November 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Fethney at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
November 1861.
I, RICHARD FETHNEY, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, OR DOUBLING
COTTON, SILK, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE
APPLICABLE FOR WINDING AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates, first, to an universal swivel bolster to be used in
machinery for preparing, spinning, doubling, and winding fibrous materials, and
also for other purposes. Part of the bolster is made of a globular form, and
fits a recess of a similar shape where it is held by the copping or lifting rail, or
that part of the machine to which it is applied, there being a small pin or
projection to prevent its turning round, and a cap to prevent its rising. This
arrangement enables the bolster to be always perpendicular with the foot of
the spindle, whatever may be the displacement or deviation of the copping or

page_text: lifting rail or part to which it is connected, and thereby prevents much friction,
and also gives great steadiness to the spindle when it turns at a great velocity,
as any length of tube or bolster can be used. There is also a saving in oil, as
the swivel bolster does not skim it off by pressing more on one side than the
other.
Secondly, to improved modes of lubricating the spindles of preparing and
spinning machinery. Under the copping or lifting rail I place a cup or vessel
containing the oil or lubricating matter, and to the bolster attach a piece of
cloth or other material, which, as it descends, enters the cup, takes up some oil,
and lubricates the spindle as the bolster moves upwards.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Fethney in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
5th May 1862.
..
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
FETHNEY, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her 'Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Richard Fethney, Her special licence that I, the said Richard Fethney, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Richard
Fethney, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, OR DOUBLING COTTON, SILK,
AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE
FOR WINDING AND OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Richard Fethney, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Fethney, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say :-
This Invention relates, first, to an improved swivel bolster to be used in
machinery for preparing, spinning, doubling, and winding fibrous materials.
Part of the bolster is made of a globular or partly globular form, and fits a
recess of a similar shape in the copping or spindle rail, there being a pin or
projection to prevent its revolving with the spindle; this pin or projection may
either stand out of the bolster and fit into a slot or notch in the rail, or it
may project from the rail and fit a slot or recess in the bolster. There is also
fitted on the upper or lower side of the rail or other convenient part a cap or
other appliance to hold the bolster in its place, or the same effect is produced
by entering a pin into a circular recess in the bolster. This arrangement
enables the bolster to accommodate itself to any displacement or deviation of
the copping or moveable rail so that it can never bind the spindle, but will
always allow it to rotate freely, and thereby prevent much friction, and effect a
saving in oil, especially in those bolsters or spindle rails that slide up and
down, as this form of bolster does not skim the oil off by pressing more on
one side than the other. Any length of tube or bolster can be used in order
to give great steadiness to the spindle when it runs at a high velocity.
Secondly, this Invention relates to a self-acting lubricator for lubricating
the spindles, which consists of a horizontal tube of any convenient length
fitted to and parallel with the lifting or moveable rail. To this tube are
attached branch tubes opposite to each spindle, each branch tube having a
piece of cloth or other substance attached to it, and fed with oil or other
lubricating matter from the horizontal tube, which tube is fitted with an
apparatus to bring the cloth or other saturated substance in contact with the
spindle, so as to place upon it a small quantity of oil, after which the horizontal
tube will revolve until the branch tube shall point upwards, in which position
it will remain until again required to be brought in contact with the spindles.
The oil or other lubricating matter is spread over that part of the spindle
where most required, as the bolster passes that part of the spindle that has
been in contact with the lubricating cloth.
These improvements will be clearly understood by referring to the figures
and letters on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings. Fig. 1 is a cross section
drawn about half size of the copping or lifting rail of a roving frame, having
my improved bolsters and lubricator; Fig. 2 is a full-sized section of one
spindle and bolster; and Fig. 3, a full-sized plan of the same; Fig. 4, a cross

page_text: section of the spindle rail of a throstle or doubling frame with one of my
improved bolsters; Fig. 5, a horizontal section of the same; and Figs: 6, 7,
8, and 9, are vertical sections of modifications of my improved bolster.
In Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, a represents the spindle, 6 the bolster, c the cap
which holds the bolster in its place, d the copping or lifting rail in which the
*bolster is placed, e a screw or pin for preventing the revolution of the bolster,
and a screw for fixing the cap to the rail. It will be seen from the con-
struction of the bolster that if the position of the copping rail should be
altered by the wearing of the slides, the sinking or displacement of its supports,
or from any other cause, it can never bind the spindle, as the globular part of
the bolster will accommodate itself to the change, and still allow the spindle to
rotate freely, which would not be the case had it been tightly fixed in the rail.
The screw e enters a slot or recess in the globular part of the bolster, but the
point of the screw is not entered so far into the slot as to tighten the bolster,
but merely to prevent its revolving with the spindle. This arrangement of bolster
is very easily fitted to the rail, however perfect the fit of the spindle, no riming
being required as is the case with the ordinary bolster. In some cases the
bolsters are made as at h, Fig. 1, with a collar for the bobbin wheel to rest
upon, in which case the cap requires to be formed open in front. It will
easily be perceived that if a pin is fixed to the globular part of the bolster
and a recess formed in the rail, the revolution of the bolster may be effectually
prevented.
In Figs. 6, 7, and 8, I represent vertical sections of my improved bolster
in which the cap is dispensed with. The spindle is shewn at a, the bolster at b,
and the copping or lifting rail at c. In these arrangements the screw or
pin d is caused to enter a circular recess in the globular part of the bolster, and
thereby prevent any vertical as well as revolving movement. In some cases
it may be desired to form the bolster partly globular, as shewn at Fig. 9, in
which the centre part only is curved, the other parts next the tube being cut
away.
My improved self-acting lubricator for lubricating revolving spindles is
represented in Fig. 1. The lubricator for each spindle is shewn at i; it is in
the full lines in contact with the spindle, and in the dotted lines removed from
it. The said lubricators consist of pieces of cloth or brushes attached to the
branch tubes l, which are connected to the two horizontal tubes m. To each
side of the foot rail n, or other stationary part of the machine, there is fixed
one end of a chain o, the other end of which is coiled round one or other of
the aforesaid horizontal tubes, and has at its extreme end or other convenient
part the weight p; or one chain only is fixed to the foot rail, and another chain k

page_text: and weight p' employed for giving motion to the opposite tube and lubricator.
To the copping or lifting rail are fixed small frames or holders q, in which the
horizontal tubes m are supported. It will be seen that as the copping or
lifting rail descends, the chain o will become slack and the weight p will bring
the lubricator to its elevated position as shewn by the dotted lines, and when
the rail rises the chain is tightened and brings the lubricator in contact with
the spindle. When required the operative can unhook the chain and allow it
to remain stationary. It will also be seen that the bolster in descending passes
over the part of the spindle touched by the lubricator, and receives the
necessary quantity of lubricating matter. These lubricators can be worked
by hand instead of by the self-acting movements when desired.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood
that I do not claim the globular form of the bolster or spindle bearing, as I
am aware that such is not new, but what I claim is,-
First, the construction and application of spindle bolsters for preparing,
spinning, doubling, and winding cotton, silk, and other materials, so that any
length of tube can be used without binding the spindle, one part only of such
tube being of a spherical shape and fitting into a recess of a similar form in
the spindle rail, either traversing or stationary.
Secondly, the employment of projections to prevent the bolsters revolving,
and caps or pins to prevent them from rising.
And, thirdly, the improved system of lubricating spindles, as all such im-
provements are herein described and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet
of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Fethney, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this First day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Richard Fethney, in
the presence of
G. SEPTIMUS HUGHES,
RICHARD FETHNEY. (L.S.)
17, Cross Street,
Manchester.