Improvements in Stiffening Mangles or Calenders.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Mar., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 24th Dec., 1895-Accepted, 8th Feb.. 1896
Improvements in Stiffening Mangles or Calenders.
I, JOHN MASON, of Higher Chatham Street, Chorlton-on-Medlock, Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Finisher, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
These machines as ordinarily made are constructed with two bowls or rolls one
running upon the other the lower one being of copper and rotating in a trough
or box containing size colour or other material to be applied to the cloth.
When a rigid top bowl or roll is employed any inequality of the bowl produces
an inequality of colour or shade in the material and if an elastic bowl is employed
whilst obviating this defect it does not give a good or sufficient finish or surface to
the material.
I find however by the use of two pressing rolls one with a hard or rigid surface
(such as wood paper cotton or other suitable material) and the other with an elastic
or yielding surface (such as rubber) that a much better result is obtained than
with either pressing roll employed separately and my invention consists essentially
in constructing the apparatus with two calendering or pressing rolls one provided
with a hard or rigid surface and the other with a yielding or elastic surface both
preferably being in rolling contact with the bottom copper roll.
'
In carrying out the invention I construct the machine with a copper bottom
bowl or roll rotating in the size or colour box above this I place the journals for
two rolls. The front roll is preferably placed vertically above the copper roll and
the other one towards the back of the machine. For this purpose a bracket or
fixing may be bolted to the side of the existing frame to carry the journals
and the roll is held in position by a weight or screw lever or other suitable
device.
If desired however the back roll may be vertical above the bottom one and the
other supported by a bracket attached in front or four rolls may be employed if
found more serviceable.
The front roll has a rigid surface and the back or second bowl or roll has an
elastic surface.
By this arrangement I secure a proper and efficient calendering and finishing of
the cloth by the hard roller while at the same time the elastic roller ensures
an equal distribution of the colour or size so as to leave no inequalities of shade or
colour over the surface of the cloth.
Dated this 25th day of March 1805
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.

page_text: improvешение в ридотиб ша
I, JOHN MASON, of Higher Chatham Street, Chorlton-on-Medlock, Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Finisher, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—'
These machines as ordinarily made are constructed with two bowls or rolls one
running upon the other the lower one being of copper and rotating in a trough or
box containing size, colour or other material to be applied to the cloth.
When a rigid top bowl or roll is employed any inequality of the bowl produces
an inequality of colour or shade in the material and if an elastic bowl is employed
whilst obviating this defect it does not give a good or sufficient finish or surface to
the material.
I find however by the use of two pressing rolls one with a hard or rigid surface
(such as wood, paper, cotton or other suitable material) and the other with an
elastic or yielding surface (such as rubber) that a much better result is obtained
than with either pressing roll employed separately and my invention consists
essentially in constructing the apparatus with two calendering or pressing rolls one
provided with a hard or rigid surface and the other with a yielding or elastic
surface both preferably being in rolling contact with the bottom copper roll.
It will be fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1. Side elevation of the machine.
Fig. 2. Elevation of the auxiliary pressing roll.
The framing A the size or colour box B, the weight lever C, and the regulating
screw D are all of ordinary construction.
The bottom rail D' which I prefer to make of copper is also constructed in the
ordinary way to rotate in the size or colour box B and to apply the size or colour
to the material and above this preferably in the same vertical plane I place a
pressing roll E with a hard or rigid surface (which may be made of wood, paper,
compressed cotton or other suitable material). In addition to the pressing roll E
I apply to the bottom roll D a second pressing roll F with an elastic or yielding
surface and I thereby obtain the advantage in finish upon the cloth derived from
the use of both, a rigid surface and an elastic or yielding surface.
The additional pressing roll F may be affixed either at the back or front of the
machine but at present I prefer to place it at the back (see Fig. 1). The roll F
is journalled in two movable blocks or brackets G one at either end capable of
sliding up and down upon the levers H. Each block is fitted with a dovetail
groove and is raised and lowered by the screw J to adjust it to the desired position.
The levers H are pivoted to the framing A upon a shaft or rod and the pressing
roll F is pressed against the bottom roll D¹ with any required degree of pressure
by the screw K.
If desired a third pressing roll may be applied to the bottom roll D¹ one in front
of and one behind the top pressing roll E, thus making four rolls, but I at present
consider that three rolls will be best.
By this arrangement I secure a proper and efficient calendering and finishing of
the cloth by the hard roll while at the same time the elastic roll ensures an equal
distribution of the colour or size so as to leave no inequalities of shade or colour
over the surface of the cloth. In addition to which there is an accumulation of
the colour or size in front of the roll which remains there should the machine be
stopped for any purpose thus preventing damage to the cloth by non-colouring
or sizing.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. A stiffening mangle or calender constructed with two (or more) pressing rolls
acting upon the bottom rolls one of which is provided with a rigid surface and the
other with an elastic or yielding surface substantially as described.
2. A stiffening mangle or calender having the several parts constructed and
arranged in combination substantially as described and shown.
Dated this 16th day of December 1895.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool, and London, Patent Agents.