Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Feb., 1888
Specification Accepted, 29th Mar., 1888
I, WILLIAM JACOB BAYRER of Plantsville, in the county of Hartford and State of
Connecticut, United States of America, Inventor, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This my invention relates to the class of shears that have a fixed blade and a
vertically-reciprocating blade, which are used for cutting sheet metal.
The object of my invention is to provide a tool that will operate more effectually,
with greater facility, that is capable of finer adjustment, and that can be used to cut
metal into a greater variety of shapes with more ease and accuracy than will any
prior machine. The machine is also intended to do much work that is ordinarily
done with common bench-shears, besides doing work that no other shears have ever
been adapted to do.
Referring to the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is a side view of my improved
device. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is a face view of the blades, part
of the plate bearing the cutter being broken away to show construction. Fig. 4
is a detail view showing the means employed to connect the table or rest to the bed
of the device; and Fig. 5 is a detail view, the frame being sectioned on line of
Fig. 1, showing the stops made use of to regulate the length of cut to be made by
the blades.
As illustrated in the drawings, the standard rises from the bed a of the machine
at one end, and has a forward projecting arm or horn, c, the standard being secured
to the bed by bolts &', which pass through slots in the base of the standard into
the bed.
In the forward end of the horn c, in a suitable chamber, a shaft, d is borne, and
this shaft has on one side, near its outer end, teeth d¹, that mesh with a rack, e¹, that
is fastened to the cutter-bearing plate e, This cutter-bearing plate or slide e is grooved
to fit and slide on the tenon c¹ on the forward end of the horn c, and by rocking the
shaft d, which is provided with a lever, g, and handle g¹ for that purpose, the plate e
and attached blade fare reciprocated in a vertical plane toward and from the con-
plementary cutter, that is secured to the bed of the machine by screws that pass
through slots in the blade into the bed.

page_text: In threaded sockets in lugs a' that rise from the rear of the bed a, are fitted
screws a², so as to bear upon the back of the standard b, and by the aid of these screws
the horn, and blade borne on the end of the horn, can be pushed forward and a fino
adjustment obtained between the blades fand f', the bolts, as was before mentioned,
passing through slots in the standard to permit the movement of the standard.
The lever g, which is keyed or otherwise connected so as to rock the shaft d, extends
on both sides of the horn, passing through an opening therein, and it is provided with
a handle, g, at one end, and a counter-balancing-weight, g², at the other. The lever
is tapped near the point of its connection with the shaft, and is provided with
screws g³ y¹, that are set in such position as to limit the oscillating movement of the
lever by striking against the surface 3 on the walls of the opening through the horn c,
this construction limiting the movement of the lever, consequently the rocking move-
ment of the shaft and the reciprocating motion of the blade f
The forward end of the bed a is provided with a hollow boss, a³, and ears a¹, the
function of the boss being to receive the stud 2, that projects from the leg on
the bottom of the rest or table h, and the function of the cars at being to support
the legs, which are cut away to fit on the ears. These ears are so formed on the
bed that the top of the rest, when in place, will be about even with the cutter f¹
and inclined to the same degree, so that a sheet of metal will be flat on the rest
when ready to be cut.
The guide iis pivotally connected at one end of the rest h, and can be clamped at
any desired angle with relation to the plane of the shears by tightening up the clamp
screw and nut j, the body of the screw passing through the guide and slot *, and the
head projecting on the under side of the rest. The function of this guide i is to direct
a sheet of metal toward the blades of the shears, so as to make an angular cut and
insure the same angle each time.
On the opposite side, of the rest is pivoted another guide, k, the pivot of this guide
passing through a slot, as, so as to permit an adjustment of the guide toward or from
the guide . One edge of this guide & is cut on an angle, when the guides are set as
shown in the drawings for use in cornering roofing-plates.
When a straight cut is to be made, the guide is used to support one edge of the
metal, also to determine the width of the strip to be cut. This guide is a flanged
strip of meterial attached to the end of a rod, l, that is borne in a socket in a boss 12,
formed on the side of the standard. This rod is free to slide in the socket in the boss,
except when clamped by the set-screw 1³.
In cutting on a line it facilitates the work greatly if the blades do not open widely
apart, although it is sometimes necessary that they should open clear of each other'
and one of the advantages of my invention resides in the fact that the distance of
separation of the blades is controlled by a simple and efficient device. The screw g³
is screwed or unscrewed to determine the degree of height to which the blade will
rise, and the screw g* turned to control and limit the downward movement of the said
blade. Another advantage lies in the fact that the action of the cutters is positive
and equal in all parts of the length of the cut. A further advantage accrues from
the simplicity of the guides and gages and their ready adjustment, also the case with
which the rest can be removed or replaced for cutting straight lines, or for cutting
various shapes, the latter being accomplished by setting the guides on the index-lines
shown on the face of the rest.
A few of the shapes that can readily be cut with my shears are as follows: holes or
plates of hexagon, octagon, pentagon, star-shaped, square, round, and oval, or other
shapes. I can also cut a series of V-shaped slots of a given size and uniform angles.
In cutting holes the lower corner of the blade will puncture the metal at the
commencement of each cut.
The lower blade of the shears is stationary, but capable of slight adjustment, so
that when cutting to line the mark may easily be followed with accuracy. The
blades are so constructed that the line drawn is always exposed to the view of
the operator

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of iny said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In shears of the within-described class, the combination of a reciprocating
blade, a shaft connected to said blade, and a lover to oscillate said shaft, provided with
adjustable stops, all substantially as described.
2. In shears, the combination of a base, a horn projecting from said base, a shaft
borne by the horn, a lever to oscillate said shaft, stops to limit said oscillation, a blade
connected to said shaft, and a fixed blade attached to the bed, all substantially as
described, and for the purpose set forth.
3. In shears, the combination of a base, a horn projecting from said base, screws
for adjusting said horn, a shaft borne by the horn and provided with gear-teeth,
a lever attached to said shaft and bearing screw-stops to limit the movement of the
shaft, a blade hearing a rack in mesh with the teeth on the shaft and held to the
horn and guided in its reciprocation by a tongue and groove connection, and a
complementary adjustable blade fast to the bed, all substantially as described.
4. In combination with a reciprocating shears of the within described class, a rest
detachably connected to the bed and provided with a swinging guide, i, all substantially
as described, and for the purposes set forth.
5. In combination with shears of the within-described class, a rest attached to said
shears and provided with a swinging guide, i, and a guide k, all substantially as
described.
6. In shears, in combination, a bed, a standard rising from said bed, a horn
projecting from the standard, screws a² for adjusting the standard, a shaft borne
in a chamber in said horn, a lever provided with adjustablo stops connected to
said shaft, a plate connected to the horn by a tongue-and-groove joint and bearing
a rack with teeth in mesh with teeth on the shaft, a blade attached to said plate,
the complementary cutter fast to the bed, the gage 1, the rest h, with feet ' and ',
the swinging guide i and the adjustable guide k, all substantially as described, and
for the purpose set forth.
7. In shears, the combination of the bed having the cutter f secured thereto,
and having also the cars at a and hollow boss a³ adjoining said cutter, and the
table, having legs ³ ³ and stud 2, fitted, respectively, to said ears and boss,
substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 11th dox of Foh-1000