Fluff, and other Imperfections from Woven Fabrics.
Year: 1885

page_text: "Fluff," and other Imperfections from Woven Fabrics.
I WILLIAM BANKS of 32 Corporation Street, Bolton in the County of Lancaster,
Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR REMOVING "NAP," "FLY," "FLUFF," AND OTHER IMPERFECTIONS
FROM WOVEN FABRICS," to be as follows:-
My invention relates to that class of machinery employed for Singeing Cloths
made from Cotton, Silk, Worsted, Woollen, Linen, Jute, and other fibrous materials,
for the purpose of removing "nap," "fly," "fluff," and other imperfections, and
consists in superseding the appliances at present employed which are heated by
steam and gas.
In applying my improvements to a machine for singeing cloths of the materials
before described, I place in any suitable position on the machine a platinum,
german silver, or other metallic wire or other equivalents, such as, coils or tubes,
connected in the manner well understood to a battery or an electric machine known
as "Dynamo," and capable of raising the said wire or other equivalents to an
incandescent state or otherwise over which the cloth and other fibrous materials
are passed, by touching or otherwise. The wires or other equivalents are attached
to the terminals of a Dynamo-Machine and supported on a bridge of fire-brick or
other nonconductor. The wires or metallic tubes are doubled so that each side of
the cloth under operation comes in contact with or in close proximity to them,
with the result of removing the imperfections before named. If only one side is
intended to be singed, the apparatus is so constructed that the cloth can be drawn
over one or both wires at will.
The electric machine or battery can be placed in any convenient position and
the electricity from it conducted by the usual wires and appliances.
Dated this 5th day of January 1885.
EDMUND CHADWICK,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: 66
Improvements in Apparatus for Removing "Nap," Fly,"
66 Fluff,"
," and other Imperfections from Woven Fabrics.
I WILLIAM BANKS of 32 Corporation Street, Bolton in the County of Lancaster,
Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR REMOVING "NAP," "FLY," "FLUFF," AND OTHER IMPERFECTIONS
FROM WOVEN FABRICS " and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to that class of machinery employed for singeing cloths
made from Silk, Cotton, Worsted, Woollen, Linen, Jute, and other fibrous materials
and consists in superseding the appliances at present employed which are heated
by steam or gas.
In applying my improvements to a machine for singeing cloths of the materials
before described I place in any suitable position on the, machine a platinum,
german silver, or other metallic wire or other equivalents, connected in the manner
well understood to an electric machine known as the "Dynamo," and capable of
raising the said wire or other equivalents to an incandescent state or otherwise,
over which the cloth is passed, touching or otherwise. The wires or other
equivalents are attached to the terminals of a Dynamo machine and supported
on a bridge of fire-brick or other non-conductor.
In order that my invention may be fully understood and readily carried into
operation I will now proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed, the same
letters of reference being used throughout all the figures to indicate the same or
corresponding parts of my invention.
Fig. 1 is a sectional side elevation of a squeezing machine employed in the
operation of singeing cloths with my improvements applied; Fig. 2 is a part front
elevation of the same through line A¹ B', and Fig. 3 is a part plan of same
To the cheeks A of the machine are secured the fixings B provided with the
journals C carrying the swivelling or oscillating guide rods D and E. The fixing
or plate F extends across the front of the machine being secured in any convenient
way to the fixings B before mentioned, and is fitted with the fire-brick or other
non-conductor bridge H, on which is supported the wire or tape I of platinum,
german silver, or other suitable metallic materials that will permit of the requisite
heat without fusion. The ends of the metallic wire or tape I are secured in the
brass or other metallic pins or terminals J which are mounted on the pins K to
allow of a lateral movement of the same to compensate for expansion or otherwise
of the said wire or tape I. To ensure the wire or tape I laying flat on the fire-
brick or other bridge H the oscillating or swivelling pins or terminals J are
attached to the spiral springs L, the tension of which is maintained and adjusted
by the screws M-mounted in the fixings N secured to the plate F. The metallic
pins or terminals J are connected to the terminals of a Dynamo Machine by the
wires V through which the electric current is conducted and by which the wire or

page_text: tape I is raised to an incandescent state or a suitable heat sufficient to singe or
burn off "nap," "fly," "fluff," and other imperfections from cloth as it is passed
over such wire or tape, by touching or otherwise.
The machine operates as follows:-The cloth is indicated by the line P being
delivered from a batch or otherwise and directed under the guide rod D and over
the guide rod E to the guide roller R, between which is placed the singeing wire or
tape I and its connections as shewn. The guide rod D with the operating
handles W is mounted in the bearings or journals C which allows of the
adjustment of the guide rod E and determines the proximity or position of the
cloth when passing over the said wire or tape I. The cloth after passing over
the roller R descends into the water trough X and round the roller or winch S
from whence it is passed through the rollers T, T, of the squeezing machine to a
batching roller or otherwise. The speed of the machine and the proximity of the
cloth to the wire or tape I are regulated according to the degree of heat attained
by the said wire or tape.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the platinum or other metallic wire or tape I
mounted on the fire-brick or other non-conductor bridge H, the latter being secured
to the fixing or plate F by the metallic brackets & and screws f.
In another arrangement I construct my improvements so that both sides of the
cloth can be singed or burned at one operation, which construction is shewn in
Fig. 5, which is a part sectional elevation; Fig. 6 being a part front elevation of
the same through line C¹ D¹. In this arrangement the cloth P after it leaves the
roller R descends to the adjustable roller R₁ and on to the roller R³. The metallic
wire or tape I is placed between the latter rollers and mounted on the fire-brick
bridge H on the fixing or plate F1 which extends across the front of the machine
and is secured to the fixings B as in Figs. 1, 2, & 3. The cloth after being singed
is conducted over the rollers R2, R3, & R*, into the water trough X through the
rollers T, T, in the squeezing machine as before described. The roller R¹ is
adjustable up or down to determine the position of the cloth in passing over the
wire or tape I, being operated by the screw a which is locked into position by the
nut bas shewn in Fig. 5.
The wires or tapes I are mounted in the pins J as before described and provided
at one end of each with the adjustable springs L and screws M and other
connections before described, the opposite ends being mounted in the terminals J
fixed in the plates F & F' as shewn in Fig. 6. If desired both ends of the wires or
tapes I, I, can be provided with the adjustable arrangements as shewn in Figs. 2
& 3. The wires V from the "Dynamo" are attached to the metallic pins or
terminals J, through which the electric current passes to the wires or tapes I, I;
the opposite ends of the latter are united or coupled by the copper or other suitable
metallic connecting rod Z. If desired the rod Z can be dispensed with & the pins J
provided with other electric wires attached in the holes J¹ on the bottom end of
the same as shewn in Fig. 6.
I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details or
configuration of the parts I have shewn & described as the same inay be varied or
modified without departing from the principle of my invention according to the
various arrangements in singeing or burning cloth & the machines to which it may
be applied.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The method of singeing or burning cloth by the application of electricity in
heating platinum or other suitable metals substantially as set forth and described.
2. In apparatus for effecting singeing or burning of cloth in the manner
referred to in the preceding claim substantially as described and shown on the
5 drawings.

page_text: 3. The method of singeing or burning cloth on both sides at one operation by
the application of electricity in heating platinum or other suitable metals, and in
apparatus for effecting the same substantially as described and set forth.
4. The method of supporting the platinum or other metallic wire or tape I on
the fire-brick or other non-conductor bridge H, and the means of adjustment
substantially as described and shewn on the drawings.
5. The use of the adjustable roller R¹ for regulating the position of cloth when
passing over the platinum or other metallic wire or tape I substantially as described
and set forth.
Dated 1001 1