IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOILERS AND OP PIPES OF MALLEABLE SUBSTANCES, AS WELL AS ELASTIC MATTERS
Year: 1850

page_text: AUGUSTIN CHAMEROY, of Paris, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Fifteenth day of
April, One thousand eight hundred and fifty, in the thirteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Edme Augustin Chameroy, my exors, adññors, and assigns, Her especial
licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Edme Augustin
Chameroy, my exors, adñors, and assigns, and such others as I, the said Edme
Augustin Chameroy, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of
years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOILERS AND OP PIPES OF MALLEABLE
SUBSTANCES, AS WELL AS ELASTIC MATTERS;" in which said Letters Patent is
contained a proviso that I, the said Edme Augustin Chameroy, should cause
a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in
part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto
had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Edme Augustin Chameroy, do hereby declare that the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures
and letters marked thereon, that is to say:-
The Invention relates to various arrangements of machinery for the manu-
facture of pipes and boilers, wherein the effects are produced as will be
described by means of pressure. The arrangement of the machinery is estab-
lished according to the form and nature of the articles intended to be produced,
and the Invention is founded upon the idea of first making masses of malleable
metal in such form as to be able by pressure to render them into the size for
use. The piece of metal is submitted to an ordinary pressing machine, and
again to what I call a curvilinear pressing machine, and also to the action of
a machine which I call rectilinear.
I will first describe the machine which is intended to produce boilers or
coppers or tubes of malleable metal. Figure 1: A represents the framing of a
machine; B, B, are two rollers, the one of which carries two projecting pieces
C, C, around its circumference, and the other one two hollow pieces D, D;
upon the axis of the lower roller B is a tooth wheel E, E, by which the
rotary movement is communicated; F, F, are screws which are intended to
bring these rollers together, or to remove them from each other. In order to
manufacture pipes I take a piece of iron, copper, or other suitable metal, of a
cylinder form, as seen in section and plan at Figure 4. This piece of metal
should contain a sufficient thickness and quantity of metal so as to be able to
produce the intended article to be made. This metal is to be heated and then
passed under the rollers B; the first time it passes under the rollers it will be
pressed into an oval form, as shewn at Figure 5; by passing it through a
second time it will assume the form shewn at Figure 6; these pressures are
to be continued either in length or width according to the form of the article
required. The pieces thus acted upon present two flat surfaces placed upon
each other and connected by a side piece G, which is at the end of the two
longitudinal sides. The required form may thus be given by holding the two
sides G, G, Figure 7, by a suitable holding instrument, and then by intro-
ducing a conical mandril H, Figure 3, the two surfaces are separated, and at
the same time become of a cylindrical form, as shewn at Figure 7. Having
arrived at this stage the tube will have assumed the form of a hollow cylinder,
with two longitudinal projections at the sides, which are useful for certain parts
of boilers and for gas and water pipes, but as they would be injurious for the

page_text: tubes of steam engine boilers, they would have to be cut off when required for
those pipes.
I will now describe the machine which I call the curvilinear pressing machine,
and which is constructed in the following manner, and intended more particu-
larly for the manufacture of bolts and small tubes, &c.
In the Drawings
This machine is constructed in two different manners.
No. 2, A is a wheel, in the centre of which is a hollow axis B, seen at Figures
1, 2, and 4, a projection at one side, which rests upon a metal support c,
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, which is a part of the framing D; upon the upright
is fixed the conical rollers E, E, carrying upon one side a cam F, F; these
rollers are at equal distances from the centre of the wheel A; upon the metal
framing D, D, is also placed a sliding frame G, G, supplied at its ends with
holders H, H, which hold a steel mandril I; this mandril corresponds with the
centre of wheel through which it passes, as seen at Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and
5, leaving a space J. All these mechanical arrangements being made, the
manufacture of the tubes takes place in the following manner :-I take a piece
of metal prepared of a cylindrical form, of a thicker substance than the tubo
intended to be made, as shewn at K, at the Figures 1, 3, 4, 5, and 6; this
piece is afterwards placed at one end of a mandril, Figures 1, 3, 4, 5, 6,
retained by means of the holders H, H; the sliding carriage G, G, is then
caused to advance in such manner that the mass of metal K is caused to
engage into the cam F, then, by giving to the disc A a rotary movement,
which at the same time moves the rollers E, E, partly round, causes it to press
upon and thus diminish the thickness and increase the length of the tube;
this rotary movement of the wheel A is continued until the mass of metal is
drawn out into a tube which will cover the mandril I. The mandril is then
drawn out from the holders H, and to facilitate the withdrawal of the mandril
from the tube K, they are passed between the two rollers 0 of the pressing
machine, as shewn at the Figure 4 in Drawings No. 3, in order that this
pressure should enlarge slightly the diameter of the tube, and allow the man-
dril to be readily withdrawn. To obtain a larger or smaller diameter, the
rollers E, E, are brought closer or removed farther from each other by means
of the screws N, shewn at Figures 12, and 4.
Another arrangement of machine is shewn at Drawing No. 4, in which the
same system is employed, but the principal difference which exists between this
and the machine before described is, that in the first described the rollers are
mounted upon a moveable wheel, and that the mass of metal is fixed, and its
compression takes place between two or three rollers moving upon axes;
whereas in this machine the mass of metal is moveable, and the compression

page_text: takes place by means of moveable rollers; these rollers rest upon a fixed
framing or platform, and which receive a rotary movement by means of wheel-
work. A is the frame, having a hole B, Figure 3, through the centre of it,
seen at Figures 1, 2, and 3. On the top of this hole are three sliding bearings
C, C, C,
which are supplied with screws D, D. Two of these receive rollers
F, F, and carry upon one side a wheelwork G, G, seen at Figures 1, 2, 3,
and 4. The other support serves to support a toothed wheel H, which works
into the wheel G, G, shewn at Figures 1, 3, and 4. A piece of metal 1 is
introduced between the rollers, either solid or hollow, and at the same time
the wheel H is caused to move, which gives movement to the wheelwork G, G.
It will happen that the two rollers turning in opposite directions will give to
the mass of metal a rotary movement, and exercise upon its circumference a
strong pressure, which will lengthen it out and give to it the cylindrical form.
shewn at J, by which means I am enabled to manufacture tubes either solid
or hollow, of any form required, from malleable metal and other elastic
substances.
I will now describe another arrangement of machinery for manufacturing
tubes from malleable metal of an ordinary flat pressing machine, with a recti-
linear and alternate movement.
At Figures 1, 2, and 3 of Drawing No. 3, A, A, are bars of metal, between
which is a space B and an opening C, C, which runs through a part of its
length; the other part of it is terminated by a wider part D, D. These bars
are placed horizontally upon rollers E, E, which are connected with the
framing G, G; they receive a longitudinal, a rectilinear, and alternate move-
ment in a direction the one opposite to the other, by means of the connecting
rods H, H, acted upon by a crank shaft at Figures 1 and 3. This machine
thus arranged is capable of producing from malleable metal pipes. I first
prepare a mass of metal M, shewn at Figure 5. If it is intended to
produce a tube, this piece will be in the form of a sylinder, into which a steel
mandril N is placed, and arranging a part of this cylinder and the mandril in
the space which there is between the bars, motion is then to be given to the
crank axis I, which are connected to the connecting rod H, so as to give to
these parallel bars an alternate and rectilineal motion in contrary direction,
which will give to the mass of metal M a rotary movement, which lengthen it
out and reduce it to the required thickness. At each end of the course of
these two bars there is a time when the enlarged parts D, D, come in
front of each other, when the mass of metal will not be pressed upon
by the bars, but will have a tendency to fall; it is necessary that it should fall
down in order to compress a little of the surface of the metal, so as to be able

page_text: to elongate it the more readily. When the mass of metal is pressed out the
machine will have to be stopped and the mandril drawn out; to withdraw the
mandril the same system is adopted as explained at Figure 4.
Having thus described generally the nature of the arrangements of machi-
nery for the manufacture of tubes, I would remark that I do not confine
myself to the precise details, so long as the character of the Invention be
retained. And I would have it understood that what I claim as my
Invention is,
First, the Invention described in the Drawing No. 1. which consists in
manufacturing pipes from hollow malleable metal, which is pressed down
between rollers in such manner as to be capable of being lengthened or
widened according to the thickness of article required, as above described.
Secondly, I claim the mode of manufacturing pipes or solid forms by means
of the machinery described in the Drawing No. 2.
And, thirdly, I claim the mode of producing tubes and other forms by means
of bars so arranged as to have a two and fro movement communicated to them
as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edme Augustin Chameroy, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty.
EDME AUGUSTIN (L.s.) CHAMEROY.
Taken and acknowledged by Edme
Augustin Chameroy, at Paris, this
Twelfth day of October, 1850, before
This is the Specification referred to in the Affidavit of William Henry
Ritchie, sworn before me, this 15th day of October, 1850.
J. JEFFERSON.
William Henry Ritchie, of Lincoln's Inn, in the County of Middlesex, Gentle-
man, maketh oath and saith, that he is acquainted with the manner and character
of the handwriting of Thomas Pickford, Her Britannic Majesty's Consul at
Paris, in the Republic of France. And this deponent further saith, that the
signature "Thomas Pickford," set, subscribed, or written in the margin of

page_text: the Specification hereunto annexed, marked A, and dated the Twelfth day
of October instant, and purporting to be executed by Edme Augustin
Chameroy, of Paris aforesaid, whereby it is stated that the said Specification
was acknowledged by him, the said Edme Augustin Chameroy, before the said
Thomas Pickford, on the said Twelfth day of October, at Paris aforesaid, is of
the proper handwriting of the said Thomas Pickford.
Enrolled the Fifteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty.