Improvements in Ventilators.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 23rd July, 1889-Accepted, 24th Aug., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ventilators.
A communication from abroad by GEORGE ARTHUR PRICHARD and EUSEBE MIGNAULT
of New York City, New York County and State, United States of America.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E. of the agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street, Manchester, both in
the County of Lancaster, and 323, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The invention relates to ventilators such as are employed on cars for exhausting
foul air or gases, but the devico may be used in other situations.
The object of the invention is to produce a simple, compact, and efficient ventilator,
which may be operated by air currents, and produce a positive exhaustion of air or
gases under all circumstances when the wheels are in motion, not interfering with
the natural outflow when the wheels are at rest.
The main shell of the apparatus is of general cylindrical form and intended to be
sustained in a vertical position. It is divided into two compartments by a partition
located near the central part. A vertical shaft located about in the axis of the shell
may be sustained at top and bottom by suitable spiders. The power fan and
exhaust fan are keyed on this shaft which may run in suitable oiling boxes.
The power wheel may be made into curved blades, and should be keyed to the
shaft so that it can be adjusted up and down or removed, and is located in one of the
compartments. Air currents first strike the outer portions of the blades and are then
deflected downwardly, and discharged rapidly through the open end of the shell.
Two open funnels or accumulators direct air currents upon this fan. The outer
lines of these are about tangent to the shell, and they concentrate the currents before
they reach the fan. When the ventilator is moved in either direction, one of the
funnels collects and directs the air currents, and when at rest, either may receive wind
currents.
The exhaust fan has inclined blades, and is located in the second compartment of
the shell, and may be adjusted or removed. Foul air and gases enter the compart-
ment containing the exhaust fan through an opening not in communication with the
other compartment, but with the car or space to be ventilated.
Over the shell is a hood or canopy through perforations in which foul air and gases
are expelled. The perforations aro guarded by a ring or band which prevents
currents entering from the exterior, and further guarded by flanges which deflect
inclined currents in such manner as to increase rather than retard the discharge.
The device may be located upon the roof of a car, or it may be located under the
car, in which case the hood is dispensed with and the exhaust fan reversed on the
shaft to draw foul air and gases down.
Dated this 92nd dox of October 1888
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ventilators.
A communication from abroad by GEORGE A. PRICHARD and EUSEBE MIGNAULT, of
New York City, County, and State, United States of America.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON F.C.S. M.I.M.E. of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors 6, Lord Street Liverpool & 6, Bank Street, Manchester both in
the County of Lancaster & 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex Civil
Price 811

page_text: Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
"
The invention has relation to ventilators, such as are employed in connection
with cars for the purpose of producing an exhaustion of foul air or gases therefrom;
but the improved device may be employed in other situations as well as upon cars
for producing like exhausting effects.
The object of the invention is to produce a simple, compact, and efficient ventilator
or ventilating apparatus which may be operated by wind or air currents to which it
is exposed, either when at rest-as by passing wind or air currents or when it is
moved or carried rapidly through the air, or under both circumstances combined,
which ventilator shall be capable of producing a positive, rapid, and thorough
exhaustion of air or gases from the compartment to be ventilated by mechanical
means, and which shall operate easily, noiselessly, with little friction, in whichever
direction the car may be moving or the wind blowing, and without interfering with
the natural outflow of air or gas from the car, etcetera, when the car is at rest or
when the exhaust fan is not being propelled by currents from the exterior.
In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification,
Figure 1 shows an axial section and elevation of the improved device as it appears
when arranged to draw air or gas from the side.
Figure 2 is a plan of the under side of the apparatus, showing especially the power
wheel.
Figure 3 is a section through the casing and a plan showing the exhaust fan.
Figure 4 is a view in elevation, on a smaller scale than previous Figures, showing
one manner of applying the ventilator on or in connection with a car.
A is the main shell of the apparatus, which is intended to stand or be supported
in an upright position. It is separated into two compartments by a partition, B,
located near the central part of the main shell.
C is the vertical shaft located in the axis of the shell, sustained at bottom by a
spider or frame D, and at top by a similar spider or frame E. The power fan and
the exhaust fan are both keyed on this shaft, and in order that the fans may be
turned easily, suitable self oiling or equivalent boxes or bearings, as at a b, may be
employed in connection with the shaft.
Fis the power wheel. It is keyed to the shaft as by a screw or pin c, so that it
may be adjusted up or down or removed when required, and is located in one of the
compartments into which the main shell is divided. The curvature of the blades is
such that the air currents first strike their outer portions to turn the fan, and are
then deflected downwardly and discharged rapidly through the open end of the shell.
To direct the currents upon the fan blades with sufficient force and volume, two open
funnels or accumulators and directors G G are placed upon the exterior of the shell.
The outer lines of these are about tangent to the surface of the shell, and the inner
lines inclined to the outer about as shown in the plan, Figure 2, so that the currents
gathered by them are concentrated and directed toward the outer rim of the power
fan in a manner which will be readily understood.
It is plain that, if the ventilator is moved in either direction, one of the mouths G
will gather and direct the air so as to turn the fan. When the car is at rest, the
mouths G will direct wind currents from the exterior upon the fan. H is the
exhaust fan, which, being keyed to the vertical shaft, must turn with it. The blades
of this fan are inclined in the same direction, so that as the fan is revolved rapidly it
will cause air or gas to approach the fan to be expelled therefrom, and thus accomplish
the desired exhausting effects. The fan H is located in the remaining compartment,
and is keyed to the shaft, as by key or pin d, so that it may be adjusted or
removed.
In the example shown, foul air or gases are admitted at one side of the compart-
ment containing the exhaust fan through an opening I. This opening does not
communicate with the other compartment, but is placed in communication with the
car or room desired to be ventilated, by any suitable collar or pipe. The latter is

page_text: preferably round, for convenience of construction, and may extend on the outside
below the partition in the shell, or it may be made to correspond in form with the
opening through the shell.
Over the shell is a hood or canopy K, perforated as ate e, through which perforations
the exhausted air or gases are expelled. These perforations are guarded by a
vertical ring or band L, which prevents direct currents from passing in from the
exterior, and further guarded above and below by flanges, as ff, which operate to
deflect inclined currents, the arrangement being such as to prevent exterior air
currents from interfering with the discharge from the shell, but rather to aid such
discharge.
The improved ventilator may be mounted upon a car, as shown in Figure 4,
occupying but little space and neither projecting above the top nor beyond the side.
A slight movement of the car is always sufficient to propel the fans, and under no
circumstances can there be any back pressure tending to interfere with the proper
operation of the device. It may be located in other situations, as well as upon the
roof. For instance, it may be located under the car, in which case the hood is
dispensed with, and the exhaust fan reversed on the shaft to draw foul air down
through the top and discharge it through the side of the shell.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a ventilator, a power fan and an exhaust fan each movable synchronously with
the other within a suitable shell or casing, one shell being provided on its exterior
with open projecting funnels turned in opposite directions for collecting and directing
the motive air currents, and the other shell having separate inlet openings and
separate discharge openings or outlets, substantially as and for the purposes
described.
2. In a ventilator, the combination, with a divided shell containing a power fan
and exhaust fan, of the exterior projecting funnels, and the perforated hood and
inclined flanges, substantially as described.
3. In a ventilator of the kind described, the combination with the divided shell
having the projecting funnels turned in opposite directions and the hood and inclined
flauges of the vertical shaft, and the two fans located in the separate compartments
within the shell, the said fans being keyed to the shaft and one of them being
reversible thereon, substantially as and for the purposes described.
4. The improved ventilator adapted for railway cars and other purposes, and
operated by the wind or air currents to which it is exposed, the whole combined and
arranged, substantially as described and shown.
Dated this 22nd day of July 1889
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.