Improvements in Joints for Connecting Earthenware and Metal Pipes or similar Articles Together.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Aug., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 22nd May, 1895-Accepted, 6th July, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Joints for Connecting Earthenware and Metal
Pipes or similar Articles Together.
I, JAMES MAXWELL BALL, of Dale View, Buxton, in the County of Derby,
Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to joints or connections between earthenware and metal
pipes which it is desired to make air-tight or gas-tight, and is designed primarily
for connecting the earthenware basin of a water-closet apparatus to a branch pipe
leading to a soil pipe or drain.
Where the joint to be made is horizontal I provide a trap or seal in the joint
which is kept supplied with water and regularly flushed by means of a passage,
pipe or tube connected with the flushing pipe. On the underside of the earthenware
apparatus I form a projecting rib or dip piece and in connection with the lead
branch pipe I provide a circular block of wood, earthenware, cement, concrete or
other suitable material. This block is of a shape to correspond with the
earthenware apparatus with which the joint is to be made and on its upper side has
an annular groove into which the rib or dip on the earthenware part can project.
The lead branch pipe is moulded over this block and is embedded down into the
groove. At the outside of the groove a flat surface is formed where a putty or
cement joint of ordinary form can be made to prevent the flow of any water. The
groove forming the trap is supplied with water through a passage made in the
earthenware apparatus or by means of a pipe or tube connected therewith and the
inlet through which the water passes from the flush pipe. The passage pipe or
tube may if desired be connected with the flush pipe or direct with the flushing
cistern or otherwise to receive part of the flushing water each time it is caused to
flow. The passage or pipe may also be provided with an inspection chamber and
loose removable cover.
Where the joint to be made is vertical or at any other angle to the horizontal
where a water seal could not be employed I provide the end of the earthenware
pipe with two grooves with a rib or feather between them and in the grooves
place a rubber band or other similar packing. The end of the branch lead pipe
I provide with an outer pipe for a short distance the outer pipe extending beyond
the branch pipe and soldered or otherwise securely attached thereto. The end of
the branch pipe is brought up over the first groove filled with rubber or packing
and securely clamped down thereon and held by a screw clip of suitable construction.
The outer pipe which may be of lighter lead passes over the first joint thus made
and over the dividing rib and is clamped down by a second clip on to the rubber
or packing in the other groove.
I consider that joints made as described will be more secure against the passage
of sewer gas than such as are at present constructed and will not be liable to become
loose and leak owing to the unequal contraction and expansion of the two materials
nor will they be caused to leak by any slight settling of the soil pipe.
Dated this 22nd day of August. 1894
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.

page_text: Improvements in Joints for Connecting Earthenware and Metal
Pipes or similar Articles Together.
I, JAMES MAXWELL BALL, of Dale View, Buxton, in the County of Derby,
Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to joints or connections between earthenware and metal
pipes which it is desired to make air-tight or gas-tight, and is designed primarily
for connecting the earthenware basin of a water-closet apparatus to a branch pipe
leading to a soil pipe or drain.
It consists essentially in constructing the joint or connection with a water seal or
trap by forming one pipe with a groove or trough to receive or hold water and the
other with a projecting rib or dip piece to extend into the groove or trough of
the other.
The invention will be fully described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
Fig. 1. Longitudinal sectional elevation.
Fig. 2. Transverse sectional elevation.
Fig. 3. Sectional plan.
The water closet basin A may be made of any convenient shape or form with the
earthenware outlet pipe B leading therefrom which connects with the metal soil
pipe C. The joint between these two pipes I form with a seal or trap which is
kept filled with water being preferably regularly supplied and flushed at each flow
of water down the flushing pipe D.
On the under side of the earthenware pipe B I form a projecting rib or dip
piece E extending any desired distance from the flange b.
The lead branch or soil pipe C is formed at its upper end with an annular trough
or groove c of a size corresponding with and sufficiently large to receive the rib or
dip piece E. In the case of a lead pipe this trough is made in conjunction with a
block F of wood earthenware cement concrete metal or other suitable material
curved or moulded with an annular trough or groove corresponding with the trough
or groove c in the lead pipe C. Externally the block is of a shape to correspond
with the earthenware pipe or apparatus with which the joint is to be made and over
it the branch lead pipe is moulded and embedded down into the annular trough or
groove. If a cast iron soil pipe C is used the trough and block may be cast in one
piece and enamelled if desired to prevent corrosion in the interior and to correspond
in appearance with the earthenware of the basin on the exterior. Or the soil pipe
may be made of sheet steel or iron suitably shaped and enamelled both inside
and out.
The inner side or edge c¹ of the annular groove is preferably made lower than
the outer side or edge c¹¹ to prevent overflow and so that any excess of water may
run off into the interior of the pipe C, and the under surface of the flange b may be
made correspondingly lower at one side than the other to fit thereon.
At the outside of the edge c" if desired an additional joint of putty or cement
may be formed but at present I do not consider that such will be necessary.
The trough or groove c forming the trap or seal is supplied with water through
a trap or passage a made or formed in the side of the earthenware basin A. or by
means of a pipe or tube such as a' shown in dotted lines connected with the flushing
pipe D or with the flushing cistern or otherwise to receive part of the flushing
water each time it is caused to flow.

page_text: The pipe a or a¹ may be connected in any convenient way with the trough o
either through the dip piece or otherwise or if desired it may be dispensed with
and the trough supplied with water at intervals through an opening formed in
the top.
The trough is also provided with a loose removable cover G placed in any
convenient place through which it can be inspected at any time to ascertain whether
it is in proper working order.
I consider that a joint made as described will be more secure against the passage
of sewer gas than such as are at present constructed and will not be liable to
become loose and leak owing to the unequal contraction and expansion of the two
materials nor will leakage be caused by any slight settling of the soil pipe.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A joint for connecting earthenware and metal or other pipes together
constructed with a water trap or seal formed by a projection or dip piece on one
pipe in combination with a trough or groove holding water in the end of the other
substantially as described.
2. In a joint for earthenware and metal pipes the combination with a projection
or dip piece on one pipe of a trough on the other with a block such as F into which
the end of the metal pipe is embedded substantially as described and shown.
3. A joint for connecting together two pipes formed substantially as described
and shown.
Dated this 21st day of May 1895.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool, and London, Patent Agents.