Heating of Baker's-oven-by-combination-of-Steam-and-Gas.
Year: 1897

page_text: A Baker's Oven.
GILBERT SAMUEL TUNKS Bakery Engineer 3 Mill Lane Cardiff Glamorganshire do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:―
Heating of Baker's-oven-by-combination-of-Steam-and-Gas.-
The oven is heated with Iron Steam Tubes running from front to back of oven, the
5 tubes contain water, and are heated by jets of gas under the end of each pipe.
I, GILBERT SAMUEL TUNKS, of 3, Mill Lane, Cardiff, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in Bakers' Ovens, more particularly to those
known as steam ovens, which are heated by hermetically closed tubes containing
water or other liquid, converted into steam at a very high pressure, the ends of the
tubes at present coming into contact with a fire of coal, coke, or other fuel; my
invention consists in supplying heat to the tubes by means of gas, atmospheric or
other burners being employed for the purpose, arranging the various appliances in
such a manner that the heat may be utilized and the oven heated to any required
temperature, thus saving considerable time in working, and also dispensing with the
dirt and dust in or near the bakehouse which are inseparable from, coal or coke fires.
The accompanying sheet of drawings illustrates the means by which my invention
is put into operation, showing an ordinary decker oven, made with iron plates bolted
together in the usual manner, the intervening spaces being filled with asbestos, or
other suitable non conducting material, the essential feature of the invention being
the substitution of gas burners in the furnace for coal, coke or other fuel, and the
arrangement of suitable appliances for the efficient use of the gas fires.
Fig. 1 is a plan of an oven with the tubes projecting from the body of the oven
through the partition into the furnace; Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of the same,
showing the tubes beneath the floors and crown of a decker oven; Fig. 3 is an end
view of the same: Fig. 4 is an enlarged vertical section, showing the arrangement
of the gas burners under the ends of the tubes, and Fig. 5 is a horizontal section
showing further details.

page_text: The oven shown being an ordinary one, resting on pedestals or brickwork, no
description of its construction will be necessary, Figs. 1, 2, and 3 giving all particulars
requisite: Figs. 4 and 5 show the details of the appliances pertaining essentially to
the invention. The tubes A which are partially filled with water or other liquid and
hermetically closed, extend from the front to the back of the oven, and pass through
the partition P into the furnace B, the joints around the tubes being filled in with
any suitable fireproof composition. In Figs. 2 and 3, two ovens are shown, one above
the other, consequently three rows of tubes are required, one beneath each floor, and
one under each crown; if a single oven is constructed, only two rows of tubes will
be required. Beneath the lower ends of the tubes, one or more gas pipes C are
placed in the furnace, with the usual "Bünsen" chambers D on the outer ends for
the entrance and mixture of air with the gas; apertures E are made in the gas tubes,
by means of which jets of flame are made to impinge on the closed tubes and heat the
liquid therein to any desired temperature: the waste heat escapes from the furnace
through an opening F either directly above the burners or after being conveyed
through the crown for utilisation of the heat. The gas pipes are fitted on the outside
with the necessary taps, so that the heat may be regulated in the ovens as required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In the construction of steam heated ovens, the substitution of gas fires in the
furnace for the ordinary fuel, whereby the heat is more quickly generated and
cleanliness in working is secured, substantially as herein described.
2. In the construction of steam heated ovens, the arrangement of atmospheric
burners and appliances for regulating the heat in the furnace under each row of tubes,
substantially as and for the purposes herein described, and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 2nd day of Ancount 1007