IMPROVEMENTS IN CIGARETTES
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Charlesworth, of Union Street, Southwark,
in the County of Surrey, and Henry Charlesworth, of No. 36, Barbican,
in the City of London, and Thomas Henry Dunbar, of Clerkenwell, in
the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CIGARETTES."
Sealed the 31st July 1860, and dated the 23rd February 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Charlesworth,
Henry Charlesworth, and Thomas Henry Dunbar at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 23rd February
1860.
We, WILLIAM CHARLESWORTH, of Union Street, Southwark, in the County
of Surrey, and HENRY CHARLESWORTH, of No. 36, Barbican, in the City of
London, and THOMAS HENRY DUNBAR, of Clerkenwell, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CIGARETTES," to be as follows:-
In the ordinary mode of making cigarettes the tobacco which has been
previously cut into shreds is enclosed in a tube or case of paper, which

page_text: smoulders or burns during the operation of smoking, thus mingling a
disagreable empyreumatic flavour with the genuine tobacco smoke. Cigars
on the other hand are made by rolling up a quantity of tobacco leaf. By the
present Invention we construct a tube of tobacco leaf by rolling it up on a
stick, or otherwise, and securing the edge or overlap by gum or other suitable
cement. This tube is filled with the tobacco cut into shreds, or in the state in
which it is usually smoked in pipes, and a cigarette is thus formed.
As a still farther improvement, we construct a short tube of paper, or
porcelain, or wood, ivory, bone, or other suitable material, which we secure by
gum or other suitable cement to one end of the tobacco-leaf tube. This short
paper tube strengthens the tobacco-leaf tube, and forms a clean mouthpiece to
the cigarette. Wo place a little cotton, wool, or other suitable substance in
the tube to confine the cut tobacco, and to filter or strain the smoke. By the
time that the fire reaches the paper tubé the tobacco will have been consumed,
and the paper tube is then thrown away. Thus the paper is not burned, and
the pure tobacco smoke is not contaminated by the charring or combustion of
the paper, as in the ordinary cigarettes. The tobacco-leaf tube may be filled
with the same sort of tobacco as that of which the tube itself is made, or with
a different sort, or with a mixture. of various sorts, or with portions of its
length filled with different sorts of tobacco, so as to vary the flavour during
the operation of smoking.
i
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Charlesworth, Henry Charlesworth, and Thomas
Henry Dunbar in 'the Great' Seal Patent Office on the 13th August
. 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
CHARLESWORTH, of Union Street, Southwark, in the County of Surrey, and
i
HENRY CHARLESWORTH, of No. 36, Barbican, in the City of London, and
THOMAS HENRY DUNBAR, of Clerkenwell, in the County of Middlesex, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letter's
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the

page_text: said William Charlesworth, Henry Charlesworth, and Thomas Henry Dunbar,
Her special licence that we, the said William Charlesworth, Henry Charles-
worth, and Thomas Henry Dunbar, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said William Charlesworth, Henry Charlesworth,
and Thomas Henry Dunbar, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should;
at any time, agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CIGARETTES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said,
William Charlesworth, Henry Charlesworth, and Thomas Henry Dunbar, our
exécutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their
hands and seals, or under the hand, and seal of one of us or them, should
particularly describe and ascertain, the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immedi-
ately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Charlesworth, Henry Charles-
worth, and Thomas Henry Dunbar, do hereby declare the nature of tho said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly.
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is
to say-
:
In the ordinary mode of making cigarettes the tobacco which has been
previously cut into shreds. is enclosed in a tube or case of paper, which
smoulders or burns during the operation of smoking, thus mingling a,
disagreeable empyreumatic flavour with the genuine tobacco smoke.. By
the present Invention we construct a tube of tobacco leaf by rolling it upon a
mandril, or otherwise, and securing the edge or overlap by gum or other'
suitable cement. This tube is cemented at one end to a short tube of paper
or porcelain, or wood, or ivory, or bone, or other suitable material, which
strengthens the tobacco-leaf tube, and forms a clean mouth-picco to the
cigarette.
.! A convenient mode of making the cigarette is to make the short paper tube
first, and to slip it on to the small part of a polished steel mandril, whose
diameter for one portion of its length is equal to or slightly smaller than that
of the interior of the paper tube, while the diameter of the other part of the
mandril is equal to that of the exterior of the paper tube: The paper tube
being thus placed on the mandril, its exterior is flush or even with, the larger

page_text: part of the mandril. The tobacco leaf, or portion of a tobacco leaf, is damped
or moistened, and is then rolled up on the mandril, and made to overlap the
end of the paper tube as it is rolled up. The overlapping parts are secured
by gum or other suitable cement. The mandril is heated slightly before
rolling the tobacco leaf upon it, and the tobacco-leaf tube is thus caused to
maintain its shape better when slipped off the 'mandril than it would do if the
mandril were used cold. A compound tube is thus produced, consisting of a
tobacco leaf tube united to a short paper tube. We insert a little cotton,
wool, or other suitable substance in the paper tube to confine the tobacco, and
to filter or strain the smoke. We fill the tobacco-leaf tube with tobacco cut
into shreds, or in the state in which it is usually smoked in pipes, and we close
the end of the tobacco-leaf tube by folding it over, or otherwise, to prevent the
escape of the cut tobacco; or we leave the end of the tube open when the
shreds of tobacco are long enough to prevent them from falling out. The
tobacco when cut small may be introduced into the tube by means of a small
funnel and a stick or rammer. When long shreds of tobacco are used they
may be laid on a piece of vellum and rolled up. One end of the vellum tube
thus formed is inserted in the end of the tobacco-leaf tube, and the tobacco is
then pushed out of the vellum tube into the tobacco-leaf tube by a stick
or mandril.
Figure 1 is an elevation or side view of a cigarette constructed according to
our Invention; Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of the same.
The same
letters refer to similar parts in each Figure.
A is the short paper tube cemented to the tobacco-leaf tube B; a little
cotton wool is placed in the. paper tube at a, and the tobacco-leaf tube B is
filled with cut tobacco. The end at 6 may be filled with some coarse shreds
of tobacco, the better to confine the finer cut tobacco in the rest of the tube.
The end of the tube is folded over to prevent the escape of the tobacco. The
tube may be filled with the same sort of tobacco as that of which the tube
itself is made, or with a different sort, or a mixture of various sorts, or with
portions of its length filled with different sorts of tobacco, so as to vary the
flavour during the operation of smoking. In smoking our improved cigarettes
the tobacco-leaf tube smoulders and burns away as its contents are consumed
but without introducing any empyreumatic flavour of burned paper into the
tobacco smoke, as in the ordinary cigarettes. By the time that the fir
reaches the paper tube the tobacco will have been consumed, and the paper
tube may then be thrown away.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and in what manner

page_text: the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that what we claim
is, constructing cigarettes of a tube formed of tobacco leaf attached to a short
tube or mouthpiece of paper, wood, or other suitable material, and filled with
cut or shredded tobacco, such as is usually smoked in pipes, as herein-before
described.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Charlesworth, Henry Charles-
worth, and Thomas Henry Dunbar, have hereunto set our hands and
seals, this Eleventh day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty.
WILLIAM CHARLESWORTH. (L.S.)
HENRY CHARLESWORTH.
(L.S.)
THOMAS HENRY DUNBAR. (L.S.)
WILLIAM CHARLESWORTH. (L.S.)
HENRY CHARLESWORTH.
(L.S.)
THOMAS HENRY DUNBAR.
(L.S.)