Improvements in the Construction of Metal Wheels.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Nov., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 1st Aug., 1893-Accepted, 2nd Sept., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Metal Wheels.
I, JOHN HERBERT ASTON, of Moor Lane, Witton, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
This invention relates to the manner in which I construct and arrange wheels for
use upon ordinary vehicles or other purposes, the said wheels being made of metal
in whole or part, their arms or spokes being formed of metal tubes, the centre or
nave being also of metal or other material, and the rim of metal or other material,
arranged to run upon a road or rails direct or to receive the tyre of india-rubber or
other suitable material.
In carrying my invention into effect I construct the rim or outer circumference
of the wheel of any desired shape formed preferably out of a weldless or brazed
tube which I draw into the required section for riveting, brazing or otherwise
connecting the two ends together to form a complete rim. The arms or spokes I
form from metal tube preferably weldless steel, the ends of which I attach by
riveting, brazing or screwing to the rim of the wheel, while the inner ends I secure
These arms I
to projections or beads formed upon the nave or boss of the wheel.
make of any desired shape drawn down from the ordinary tube or formed into the
required configuration at the first process by the ends being brazed or connected
together in any well known manner. The hub or nave of the wheel. I prefer to
construct in the form of a metal stamping having projecting nibs to receive the
ends of the arms or tubes, or recesses, into which they can be placed when two
Instead of
plates or stampings are brought together to form the complete nave.
constructing the nave as a wrought metal stamping from steel or other plate, I
sometimes employ an ordinary wood hub or nave, or I cast the uave on to the arms
direct, the interior of such nave being bored out and arranged to receive any well
known form of axle and fittings for the same.
I arrange the arms so that they may distribute the strain from the rim to the
nave by placing them diagonally or carrying them straight as may be desired to
suit any particular requirements. I form the rim of such a section as to receive
the tyre of india-rubber or other suitable material or to receive a number of strips
or pads for serving as the wearing surfaces. I prefer to connect the arms or spokes
to the rim by opening out the ends of the tubes or hollow arms so that they may be
made to embrace or partly lap over on to the rim of the wheel and then to
be brazed together or to be secured by pinning and riveting or screwing as may be
desired to form a rigid attachment.
I do not limit the application of my invention to any particular form of wheel
and I sometimes employ two or more tubular rims into which the arms may be
secured when it is desired to form a broad bearing rim for any particular purpose,
and I protect the surfaces of the metal by japanning or coating with paint or any
other material in any ordinary manner.
Deted this 31st day of October 1892.
MARKS & CLERK,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in the Construction of Metal Wheels.
I, JOHN HERBERT ASTON, of Moor Lane, Witton, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to the manner in which I construct and arrange wheels for
use upon ordinary vehicles or other purposes, the said wheels being made of metal
in whole or part, their arms or spokes being formed of metal tubes, the centre or
nave being also of metal or other material, and the rim of metal or other material,
arranged to run upon a road or rails direct or to receive the tyre of india-rubber or
other suitable material.
In carrying my invention into effect I construct the wheel in one manner as
illustrated in the accompanying sheet of explanatory drawings, Figure 1 being a
front elevation of a portion of a wheel, and Figure 2 an end elevation. Figure 3 is
an enlarged sectional plan of the nave and rim showing the method of attaching the
arms and the tyre, and Figure 4 a sectional front elevation of the same.
I construct the rim A or outer circumference of the wheel of any desired shape
formed preferably out of a weldless or brazed tube which I draw into the required
section for riveting, brazing or otherwise connecting the two ends together to form
a complete rim. The arms or spokes B I form from metal tube preferably
weldless steel, the ends of which I attach by riveting, brazing or screwing to the
rim of the wheel, or by screwing a plug or stud C to the tube and placing a nut or
collar D on the outer end, while the inner ends I secure to projections or beads
formed upon the nave B' or boss of the wheel preferably by making holes, b,
within them, after flattening out and allowing the molten metal to flow through.
These arms I make of any desired shape, drawn down from the ordinary tube or
formed into the required configuration at the first process by the ends being brazed
or connected together in any well known manner. The hub or nave E of the wheel
I sometimes construct in the form of a metal stamping having projecting nibs to
receive the ends of the arms or tubes, or recesses into which they can be placed
when two plates or stampings are brought together to form the complete nave.
Instead of constructing the nave as a wrought metal stamping from steel or other
plate, sometimes employ an ordinary wood hub or nave, or I cast the nave E on
to the arms direct, the interior of such nave e being bored out and arranged to
receive any well known form of axle F and fittings for the same.
I arrange the arms so that they may distribute the strain from the rim to the
nave by placing them diagonally or carrying them straight as may be desired to
suit any particular requirements. I form the rim of such a section as to receive
the tyre of india-rubber or other suitable material F or to receive a number of
strips or pads for serving as the wearing surfaces. I sometimes connect the arms
or spokes to the rim by opening out the ends of the tubes or hollow arms so that
they may be made to embrace or partly lap over on to the rim of the wheel and
then to be brazed together, or to be secured by pinning and riveting or screwing
as may be desired to form a rigid attachment.
I do not limit the application of my invention to any particular form of wheel
and I sometimes employ two or more tubular rims into which the arms may be
secured when it is desired to form a broad bearing rim for any particular purpose,
and I protect the surfaces of the metal by japanning or coating with paint or any
other material in any ordinary manner.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The construction of a metal wheel for use on ordinary vehicles and for other
purposes, in which the rim such as A is formed from a metal tube and to which an
outer tyre is attached, substantially as hereinbefore described and as illustrated in
the accompanying drawings.
2. In a wheel for use on ordinary vehicles, the combination and arrangement of a
metal boss or nave such as E with tubular metal arms such as B connected to a
tubular metal rim such as A, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 31st day of July 1893.
MARKS & CLERK,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicant.