Improvements in Apparatus for Mitering Mouldings and the like.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 11th July, 1889-Accepted, 14th Sept., 1889
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Mitering Mouldings and the like.
We EMIL GUSTAV THEODOR GABRIEL and JOHANN CARL POHL both of Steglitz
in the Empire of Germany, Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object the cutting and planing of a mitre joint with one
and the same mitre box and consists in inserting first into the box a suitably fitted
saw and afterwards a specially shaped plane, the saw and the plane being arranged
in such a manner that they cut in both directions that is forward and backward,
the advantage being that the piece to be mitred or bevelled need not be turned if
it is wished to have the bevelling on both frontal sides; the same is placed always
with the back downwards, once against the mitre ruler on the left hand side and
then against the one on the right hand side without the position of the workman
being altered.
With the box in question can be cut and planed thick as well as thin mouldings or
fillets and frames of different shapes with many angles and extraordinary mitre
angles can be easily and properly constructed.
Figs. 1. 2. and 3 represent the mitre box with inserted saw being respectively
elevation, plan and section.
Figs. 4. 5 and 6 respectively, elevation plan and section of the plane which is
inserted into the box after the saw with its sledge has been removed from the same.
Fig. 7 illustrates the plane.
Fig. 8 shows on an enlarged scale the device for adjustment of the angles.
The box consists of the foot board a which is provided with a groove guide 6 for
receiving the sledges c and d for the saw and plane. Vertically to the footboard are
arranged the two pins g to act as axes of revolution for the two mitre rulers.
As the
edge of the guiding groove has to remain entirely free so that the saw and the
plane may move along the same without hindrance the axis of the pins g can not
coincide with the edge x but have to be removed from the edge by the distance z.
(Fig. 8).
The mitre ruler h however has to cut with its edge, sharp with the edge a where
the saw and the plane travels along so that during the cutting or planing the moulding
or fillet does not break in pieces. The ruler consists therefore of the two plates h¹
and (Fig. 8). is journalled in the axis g and connected with the plate h² by
guiding pins and winged nut i¹ in such a manner that the latter can be moved. In
this manner one can adjust the mitre lines so that the edge of the plate h² always
extends exactly as far as the saw or plane running along the same.
However an alteration of the ordinary protractor is enforced by this construction in
so far that the dividing lines of the angle division p do not join in the axis of g but
touch a small circle the radius of which is equal to the one of the axis g plus the two
metal thicknesses of hand h². The mitre ruler is adjusted to the desired angle by
the circular part k adjoining it and the winged nut k¹.
The saw e. cuts forward towards one end and backwards towards the other and is
fastened to the handle e¹ situated in the centre. The handle has guiding furrows for
the angle irons m which latter are secured to the sledge c and guide vertically the saw
during its up and down motion.
The horizontal guidance of the saw is performed by the sledge c and by the guiding
support b.
By this arrangement the saw is always guided along the edge of the ruler h which
1

page_text: The plane fis inserted with its sledge d into the guiding notch 6 of the box a after
the saw has been removed so that its surface y"y" (Fig. 6) provided with a metal
plate slides along the edge of the ruler h.
As the plane like the saw has to cut in both directions two plane irons have been
arranged obliquely so that their knives n' adopt a slanting position (Fig. 4) but
naturally project from the front surface y y" of the plane parallel to the edge of the
ruler h. By this device the irons do not cut at the same time with their entire cutting
surface thus working easier.
Besides, mouldings or fillets with carved work cannot be damaged as the saw
always begins on the moulding or fillet from above. The adjustment of the iron is
done by the adjusting screw which separates the plane iron n and the fastening
iron o situated behind so that both irons lie firmly against the wood surrounding the
plane.
Use of the mitre box: First the mitre rulers are adjusted to the desired angle by
means of the bow k and the plates are shifted with their front edge exactly as far as
the edge xa.
Then the moulding or fillet is placed against one of the rulers and cut off with the
forward end of the saw then the other end of the moulding or fillet is placed against
the second ruler and cut off with the back part of the saw. Now the saw is
exchanged with the plane and the two surfaces of the moulding or fillet planed by
placing the latter again first against the one and then against the other ruler. When
cutting several mouldings or fillets to the same angle they are all first sawn and
afterwards planed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is.
In a mitre box which can be worked either with a saw or with a plane or with
both.
1. The foot board a provided with the angle divisions p and the mitre rulers h
which latter placed on the axis g are adjustable to the desired angle by the bow
parts k and movable as to its front edge through the slot guide i exactly as far as the
saw or plane.
2. The saw e capable of cutting in both directions guided in perpendicular direction
by the angle irons m and the handle e¹ in horizontal direction by the slege c connected
with the angle irons and by the guiding support k exactly along the edge of the
rulers h.
3. The plane which is guided by sledge d along the edge of the rulers h and
the two plane irons n arranged in such a manner that the plane cuts both ways
and that the irons because of their oblique position cut first with the upper point
of their cutting surface for obtaining easy working. All substantially as illustrated
and described for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 11th day of July 1880
HERBERT & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Agents to Applicants.