IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF FELT as follows:
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
We, WILLIAM GAINES BYWATER, Sweet Street Foundry, Holbeck, Leeds, in
the County of York, Machine Maker, and THOMAS BELLSHAW BEANLAND of
35 Temple Terrace, Beeston Hill, Leeds, in the County of York, Draughtsman,
do hereby declare the nature of our invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF FELT to be as follows:-
"
The apparatus to which this invention is applied is known as a flat hardener,
and consists of a steam heated plate upon which are placed wool batts (with
necessary sheets) which are to be felted. Another plate rests upon these to which
a quick rubbing motion is given, and which effects the felting of the batts.
In working this machine, it is necessary to raise the top plate at intervals to
allow the length felted to be removed and a fresh length placed, then the plate
must be lowered into working position, this process being repeated untill the
whole length of batt has been felted.
On June 2nd 1880 a patent (N° 2247) was granted to William Bywater, Holbeck,
Leeds, for making these motions self-acting, and the mechanism employed for this
object was carried upon an elevated platform, which was over and above the
hardening plates, and was constructed so as to be driven by means of one belt.
This arrangement is found to be costly and complicated, and also gives a heavy
top weight to the machine, which is unadvisable.
In our present Invention the mechanism employed for effecting the same object
as before mentioned is placed upon the sides of the machine and beneath the
hardening plates, thus entirely dispensing with any top weight and the necessary
framing.
Further, each motion has a seperate driving pulley which gives facility for
increasing or diminishing the speed of any motion as is found desirable. The
motions may be combined so as to be self acting as in former patent, or may be
used independently at the discretion of the attendant. A further improvement is
also made in the levers by which the rubbing motion is given to the top plate.
In present use the lever is made forked at the top end, and receives a horizontal
stud which is fixed to the top plate, by this arrangement the extent of the move-
ment of the top plate is variable, according as the plate is higher or lower in the
fork, it is desirable to have a movement of regular length, and this is effected in
the present invention by making the lever carry the horizontal stud, and the
forked casting is fixed to the top plate.

page_text: עגע
We, WILLIAM GAINES BYWATER Sweet Street Foundry, Holbeck, Leeds in the
County of York, Machine Maker, and THOMAS BELLSHAW BEANLAND, 35 Temple
Terrace Beeston Hill, Leeds in the County of York, Draughtsman, do hereby
declare the nature of our invention for THE MANUFACTURE OF FELT and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:―
The apparatus to which this invention is applied, is known as a flat hardener,
and consists of a steam heated plate upon which are placed wool batts (with
necessary sheets) which are to be felted. Another plate rests upon these, to which
a quick rubbing motion is given, which effects the hardening or felting of the
batts. In working this machine it is necessary to raise the top plate at intervals
to allow the lengths felted to be removed, and a fresh length placed. Then the
plate must be lowered into working position, this process being repeated, untill
the whole length of the batt is felted. On June 2nd 1880, a patent No 2247 was
granted to Mr Bywater, Sweet Street Foundry, Leeds, for making these motions
self acting, and the mechanism employed for this object, was carried upon an
elevated platform, which was over and above the hardening plates; and was con-
structed so as to be driven by means of one belt. This arrangement is found to
be costly and complicated, and also gives a heavy top weight to the machine,
which is unadvisable. In our present invention, the mechanism employed for
effecting the same object as before mentioned is placed upon the sides of the
machine, and beneath the hardening plates; thus entirely dispensing with any
top weight and the necessary framing.-Further, each motion has a seperate
driving pulley, which gives facility for increasing or diminishing the speed of any
motion as is found desirable. The motions may be combined, so as to be self
acting, as in former patent, or may be used independently, at the discretion of the
attendant A further improvement is also made in the levers, by which the rubbing
motion is given to the top plate. In present use the lever is made forked at the
top end, and receives a horizontal stud which is fixed to the top plate, by this
arrangement the extent of the movement of the top plate is variable, according as
the plate is higher or lower in the fork. It is desirable to have a movement of
regular length, and this is effected in the present invention, by making the lever
carry the horizontal stud, and the forked casting is fixed to the top plate.
Such being the nature of this our said invention, in order that the same may be
fully understood, two sheets of drawings are hereunto annexed, of which the
following is descriptive.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig 1 is a side elevation. Fig 2 an end elevation Fig 3 an end elevation of the
time regulating part of the machine, in conjunction with the rising motion for the
ten plato
Bison and elevation of the lowering motion for ton plate
Fio 5 an

page_text: B the steam heated box, upon which the batts and sheets to be operated upon, are
placed. C is the top plate which effects the hardening of the batts, by being
oscillated for a certain length of time, by means of excentrics and connections.
D is the driving shaft, which is geared to a short cross shaft D¹ upon which are
placed the excentrics for giving motion to the top plate C, and which also carries
a worm E (Fig 3) The worm E is geared into a wheel E¹ which carries a second
worm F, this is geared into wheel F. The wheel F¹ is changeable so that any
length of time may be given to the hardening process, which is found necessary.
Affixed to the shaft upon which the change wheel F is mounted, is a cam G which
in its revolution comes in contact with a lever G₁, this, the cam forces away from
its centre, and as the lever G³ carries a catch G which is engaged in a recess in
the belt rod G³, the said belt rod G is moved, so that the belt which has been
running on the loose pulley H¹ is moved on to the fast pulley H², and gives motion
to the shaft H. The shaft H carries two worms J which are geared into wheels K,
and as the wheels K are mounted upon the right and left handed screws L, the said
screws L revolve. The screws L carry two nuts each L' one on each end, which
are attached to vertical slides N by means of bell cranked levers M, and connecting
rods M and M'.
Thus as the screws L revolve, the nuts L¹ are forced from each other, and the
vertical slides N are raised, and come in contact with the under side of the top
plate C, which is lifted to the desired height-The belt of the main driving shaft D
has been kept on the driving pulley by means of a pin P. (which is carried by one
of the vertical slides N) resting upon lever P¹, one end of which is attached to belt
rod P2 and a third end of which carries a weight P³. As the vertical slides N rise,
the weight P³ is free to act upon the belt rod P2, and thus pushes the driving belt
from the fast to the loose pulley. When the plate has been raised to the desired
height, one of the nuts L on the screw L, by means of a catch piece L³ which it
carries, presses upon one end of the lever L' and the other end rises and lifts up
the catch G on the lever G₁, this releases the belt rod G³, and by means of
weight G the belt is pushed on to the loose pulley H¹.
Another of the vertical slides N carries a pin R (Fig 5) this, comes in contact
with an inclined plane, which is part of a lever R¹, and which is affixed to a shaft
carrying another lever R'. This lever R' carries a catch R which is engaged in
a recess in the belt rod R³.
The pin R rising with the vertical slide N and coming in contact with lever R¹,
by means of lever R* and catch R' moves the belt rod R³ and so the belt is passed
from the loose pulley S¹ to the fast pulley S³, and the shaft S revolves, and by
means of suitable gearing, gives motion to the rollers upon which the batts and
sheets are carried. One roller only is shewn in drawing Fig 1. This roller carries
a spur wheel T which is geared into a larger wheel T¹ upon which is mounted
a cam T' which in its revolution comes in contact with one end of a lever V, this
being connected with belt rod W (Fig 4) by means of rod and lever V₁, pulls the
belt from the loose pulley H³ to the fast pulley H' and as this belt runs in an
opposite direction to the one mentioned to raise the plate C, the same parts are set
in motion and the top plate C is lowered to its working position. The vertical
slides N in descending set on the oscillating shaft D by means of pin P, and lever
as before described. The lowering motion is stopped by means of catch piece L*
which is carried on nut L', coming in contact with catch L (Fig 4) and lifting it
releases the belt rod W which being acted upon by a weight, the belt is pushed off
the fast pulley Hon to the loose pulley H³. The cam T' next presses upon one
end of lever T and the other end lifts up the catch R and releases the belt rod R³,
this is acted upon by a weight as before described and the travelling motion is
stopped.
The form of the oscillating lever is shewn in Figs 1 & 2. One end of the bell
cranked levers M carries a balance weight M³, thus taking any severe strain off the
screws L

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed. We declare that what
we claim is
1st The arrangement of the automatic mechanism, employed for giving the
various motions of this invention, upon the frame sides and beneath the hardening
plates substantially as herein set forth and described.
2nd The use of seperate driving means for each motion required, but which are
combined so as to be self acting, substantially as herein set forth and described.
3rd The right and left hand screws, combined with bell cranked levers, balance
weights, and vertical slides, for effecting the raising and lowering of the top plate,
substantially as herein set forth and described.
4th The form of the oscillating levers substantially as herein set forth and
.described.
"
WILLIAM GAINES BYWATER.
THOMAS BELLSHAW BEANLAND.