IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPARATUS USED FOR REGULATING THE TEMPERATURES DURING THE PROCESS OP FERMENTATION IN THE "UNION CASE," "TUNNING CASK," OB "CLEANSING CASK
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Hamilton Woods, of Burton-upon-Trent, in the
County of Stafford, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE APPARATUS USED FOR REGULATING THE TEMPERATURES DURING THE
PROCESS OP FERMENTATION IN THE "UNION CASE," "TUNNING CASK," OB
"CLEANSING CASK."
Sealed the 29th December 1863, and dated the 3rd August 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Hamilton Woods at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd
August 1863.
I, HAMILTON Woods, of Burton-upon-Trent, in the County of Stafford,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE APPARATUS USED FOR REGULATING THE TEMPERATURES DURING THE PROCESS OP
FERMENTATION IN THE "UNION CASH," "TUNNING CASE," OR "CLEANSING CASE,""
to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the apparatus used for
regulating the temperatures, during the process of fermentation, in the "union
cask," "tunning cask," or "cleansing cask." Heretofore it has been the
practice to introduce an attemperator or pipe through one end or head of a
cask and to secure it in a washer plate at such end or head only. In some
cases, however, a support or hollow spindle has been introduced through the
other end or head of the cask, so as to enter a hollow socket fixed at the back
end of the said pipe, which arrangements are objectionable.

page_text: Now, according to my Invention, the attemperating pipe passes from end
to end of the cask, and is supported at both ends by apparatus constructed
and arranged in the following manner:-A washer plate is applied and fastened
through each end or head of a cask, an internal screw thread is cut or formed for
a short distance into the tubular part of each of the washer plates, which enters
the head of the cask. The attemperating pipe is fixed at one of its ends into a
cylindrical flanged socket, which is closed at its outer end. Through the closed
outer end of this socket an inlet and an outlet, fixed by a suitable screw junction,
or otherwise, are applied. To the inlet junction is fixed a tube which extends
from the inlet junction to the other end of the attemperating pipe, by which
water is conveyed through the attemperating pipe and to the back end thereof,
from which end the water flows back through that pipe and out thereof through
the outlet junction. The back end of the attemperating pipe is also fixed in a
cylindrical socket closed at its outer end; this socket passes into and fits in
the washer plato fixed in the opposite head or end of the cask. It is
pre-
ferred that the back end of this socket should be of somewhat less diameter
than the interior of the tubular part of the washer plate, and that a male
screw should be formed on such end of the socket so as to receive a screw cap
formed with an outer flange. When the attemperating pipe with its sockets
are removed from a cask, screw plugs are used to close the openings through
the tubular parts of the washer plates which are fixed in each end or head of
a cask.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Hamilton. Woods in the Great Seal Patent Office on tho
2nd February 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HAMILTON
WOODS, of Burton-upon-Trent, in the County of Stafford, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of August, in the year of our Lord Oue
thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Hamilton Woods, Her special licence that I, the said Hamilton
Woods, my executors, administrators, and assigus, or such others as I, the
said Hamilton Woods, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agreo with, and no others, from time to time and at all times

page_text: thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE APPARATUS USED FOR REGULATING THE TEMPERATURES DURING THE PROCESS
OP FERMENTATION IN THE “UNION CABK," "TUNNING CASE," OR "CLEANSING CASK,""
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Hamilton Woods, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that the said Hamilton Woods, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the apparatus used for
regulating the temperature during the process of fermentation in tho union
cask, tunning cask, or cleansing cask. Heretofore it has been the practice
to introduce an attemperator or pipo through one end or head of a cask and
to secure it in a washer plate at such end or head only. In some cases,
however, a support or hollow spindle has been introduced through the other
end or head of the cask, so as to enter a hollow socket fixed at the back end
of the said pipe; these arrangements, however, are objectionable.
Now according to my Invention the attemperating pipo passes from end to
end of the cask and is supported at both ends by apparatus constructed and
arranged in the following manner:-A washer plate is applied and fastenened
through each end or head of the cask and an internal screw thread is cut or
formed for a short distance into the tubular part of each of the washer plates,
which enters the head of the cask. The attemperating pipe is fixed at one
of its ends into a cylindrical flanged socket which is closed at its outer
end. Through the closed outer end of this socket an inlet and an outlet
nozzle, fixed by a suitablo screw junction or otherwise, are applied. To
the inlet junction or nozzle is fixed a tube which extends from the inlet
junction to the other end of the attemperating pipe by which water is conveyed
through the attemperating pipe and to the back end thereof, from which end
the water flows back through that pipe and passes out therefrom through
the outlet junction or nozzle. The back end of the attemperating pipe
is also fixed in a cylindrical socket closed at its outer end, this socket passes

page_text: into and fits in the washer plate fixed in the opposite head or end of the cask.
It is preferred that the back end of the socket should be of somewhat less
diameter than the interior of the tubular part of the washer plate and that a
malo screw should be formed on such end of the socket so as to receive a screw
cap formed with an outer flange. When the attemperating pipe with its
sockets are removed from the cask screw plugs are used to close the openings
through the tubular parts of the washer plates which are fixed in each end or
head of the cask.
And in order that my said Invention may be most fully understood and
readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto
Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a longitudinal section of my improved apparatus for
regulating the temperature during the process of fermentation in union casks
and tunning or cleansing casks.
a, a, are portions of the heads or ends of the casks; b, b, are washer plates,
one fixed in each head and opposite the one to the other; c is the attemperating
pipe, it is fitted at one end into the cylindrical flanged socket d, which is
closed at the outer end, except that an inlet and an outlet orifice are formed
through the said closed end; e and fare junction pieces or nozzles fixed into
these orifices by the screw nuts e¹ and f', which screw on to threads cut on the
nozzles; is a tube fixed to the inlet junction piece e, it passes nearly to the
end of the attemperating pipe c and conveys water from the water pipe into
the attemperator, this water returns outside the tube g and escapes from the
attemperator by the waste pipe i; these pipes h and i are connected with the
junction pieces e and f by union nuts, as is shown; k is a socket into which
the back end of the attemperator pipe c is fixed; this socket passes into and
fits the further washer plato b; the socket k has by preference a screw thread
cut upon it at k³, so that it may receive the flanged screw cap 7; this is a very
convenient way of fixing the apparatus, making tight joints at each end of the
cask, by screwing up the cap true faces are brought firmly in contact at each
end of the cask, at one end the flange of the socket d bears on the flange of
the washer plate b, and at the other end the flange of the cap bears on the
flange of the other washer plate.
Figuro 2 (Sheet 1) is a transverse section and Figure 3 is a plan of a
screw plug which is used to close the cask when the attemperator is removed;
this it does by screwing into the washer plate b. Figure 4 (Sheet 1) is an
end view of the attemperator.

page_text: Figures 1 and 2 (Sheet 2) are two views of casks shewing attemperators
applied to a double row of union casks.
A shews inlet pipe for water, the quantity is regulated by a tap C; B shows
main waste pipe; (6) shews the branch exit pipe delivering water into waste
pipe B. T is the attemperator, a copper or other metal tube passing through
both heads of casks and fixed by a flange on one end of pipe and a nut on the
other. Figures 3 and 4 are two views of casks shewing the application of
attemperators to tunning or cleansing casks. A is the inlet pipe either of metal
or ind a-rubber; B is the outlet pipe of metal or india-rubber. This pipe B
can be allowed to deliver into a waste pipe or it may be connected with a coil
or other form of attemperator inserted in the barm or yeast tubs or troughs, as
shewn, so that after the water has passed out of the pipe in the cask it may
pass through the attemperator in the barm or yeast tubs or troughs before
running away, or the action may be reversed and the attemperator in the barm
or yeast tubs or troughs may be connected to the inlet pipe of the attemperator
in the cask, so that the water may first pass through the attemperator in barm
or yeast troughs or tubs, and then pass through the attemperator in the cask
and out of the exit pipe; T shews the attemperator in the casks passing
through both heads of casks and fixed by a flange at one end and a nut
at the other.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that what I claim is the
general arrangement of the attemperators as herein described, and also the
method or plan of fixing the attemperator in the cask as shown, that is to
say, by passing the attemperating tube through both heads of the cask and
fastening the tube by means of a flange at one end, making joint with a faced
plate or washer secured to the cask and a flanged nut at the other end, also
making joint with a faced plate on the cask.
In witness whereof, I, the said Hamilton Woods, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
HAMILTON WOODS.
(L.S.)