IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES, FIREPLACES AND KITCHEN RANGES FOR ECONOMISING FUEL AND PREVENTING THE ENTRANCE OF DELETERIOUS GASES INTO THE LOCALITY TO BE HEATED
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Salomon Sturm at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd October 1882.
SALOMON STURM of Cologne in the German Empire "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES, FIREPLACES AND KITCHEN RANGES
FOR ECONOMISING FUEL AND PREVENTING THE ENTRANCE OF DELETERIOUS GASES
INTO THE LOCALITY TO BE HEATED "
This invention has for its object to prevent loss of heat through excessivo draught
in fireplaces stoves kitchen ranges and the like by effecting the combustion to a
certain extent under pressure, whereby saving of fuel is effected, while at the samo
time no closure of the chimney flue is effected, so as to render the entrance of
carbonic oxide gas into the rooms impossible.
These objects are attained by the employment in place of the usual damper, slide
or throttle valve in the chimney flue (the use of which has caused so many persons
to be suffocated) of one or more fixed or moveable gratings, arranged between the
fire and the point of entrance of the smoke and gases into the chimney, either in
the stove itself or in the pipe connecting it with the chimney.
For this purpose according to one arrangement the bars of the one grating (of
any desired section) are arranged at right angles to those of the other grating, the
whole being either carried upon several supports on the upper edge of the firebox,
or on lugs formed on the stove, in such manner that in front the under edge of the
lower grating is situated above the firedoor while at back the upper edge of the
upper grating is situated under the opening of the smoke pipe.
The two gratings may be either flat or arched and arranged either horizontal or
inclined. As the gratings can in the latter case be formed elliptical, no special
means are required for setting them, the rear under edge of the lower grating being
allowed to rest upon the ordinary firegrate, while the front edges of both gratings
rest against the front surface of the stove above the firedoor. The two gratings can
in all the above cases be cast in one piece or they can be cast separate and connected
by separate distance pieces.
According to another-arrangement the apparatus consists of two gratings in the
form of a circular cylindrical section, which are secured either by means of clamping
springs inserted in the smoke pipe or by means of a strutt fixed by a wedge or by
TD 11

page_text: both contrivances together, in such manner as to cover the opening of the smoke
pipe into the stove, the one grating being within the other. The grating bars can
also in this case be of any desired section, such as like louvre boards and may be at
right angles to or parallel with the axis of the cylinder. By this means the flow of
the combustion gases is retarded, thereby enabling their combustion to take place
more perfectly and consequently effecting a better utilisation of the heat produced.
The last described arrangement can also consist of only one grating, and when
using two gratings the bars instead of being arranged with both sets parallel to the
cylinder axis, may be placed at right angles to each other.
In applying the apparatus within the stove pipe it is made to consist either of a
single pair of gratings or of two pairs of gratings placed at a suitablo distance from
each other, and arranged in such manner as to constitute a moveable frictional
arrangement in order to enable the accumulated soot to be readily removed from
the outside: For this purpose each of the two gratings consists of two parts, the one
part consisting of a middle rib with bars projecting on either side therefrom
between similar bars projecting from an outer ring, which forms the other part.
Both parts are thus made to fit comb-like between each other, and are so connected
that the one part can be raised above and lowered beneath the other part and can
in both positions be moved to and fro upon such part at right angles to the direction
of the grating bars whereby the soot will be readily and effectually scraped off botli
parts. In all the movements of the moveable part projections thereon are guided
in slots or loops formed on the fixed part. In addition to the described movements
the two pairs of gratings can be turned nearly 90° in the pipe in order to face the
greater part of the cross section of the pipe. This partial rotation is effected round
two trunnions on which the gratings are mounted by means of the saine rod by
means of which the other movements are effected, such rod being made to pass
through the one trunnion, or the turning may be effected by means of a button or
handle on the opposite trunnion. Both grating pieces are so connected by means
of hinged rods that the one must partake of all the movements of the other, both
in raising lowering and lateral sliding, as also the turning round the pivots, and so
that only one handle is required for both pairs of plates. By this means each of
the two movements will effect the clearing of four surfaces or in the two pairs of
gratings eight surfaces at one time. All the described constructions of the apparatus
may also be applied to open fireplaces, they are in that case arranged in the chimney
flue at a suitable height above the firegrate. In all the described arrangements the
free sectional area of the flue or pipe must be sufficient to allow of the proper
draught for maintaining the combustion of the fuel and preventing smoke from
passing into the room. The free sectional area be readily ascertained
empyrically for different descriptions of fuel.
can
It is not absolutely necessary that the grating bars of the two gratings should
cross each other at right angles as first described They can also be arranged
parallel to each other, but they must in that caso be out of line with each other
The combustion gases are then obliged to flow in a zig-zag direction between the
bars. With this arrangement it is advisable to use moro than two gratings, such as
three or four placed one above the other. They can be connected together and
made rotatable on an axis, so that they can be arranged either in vertical horizontal
or inclined position relative to the firegrate.