Improved Process for the Manufacture of Granite Linoleum.
Year: 1891

page_text: te of Application, 9th Feb., 1891-Accepted, 21st Mar., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Process for the Manufacture of Granite Linoleum.
I, JOHN BRUNSWICK BARTON, of 38, St. John's Road, Longside, Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The present invention relates to the manufacture of linoleum having a granite
pattern, and its object is to prevent the particles of the mass from which granite
linoleum is made, from slipping longitudinally whilst passing between the
pressure rolls.
In manufacturing linoleum having a granite pattern, the principal difficulty
which has up till now, not been overcome, consists in the longitudinal slipping or
displacement of the particles forming the pattern on the ground fabric or canvas,
during their passage between the pressure rolls. Thus instead of producing the
irregular granite pattern, the linoleum simply received a striped appearance in no
way similar to granite.
I have succeeded in obviating this difficulty by employing a second fabric or
cloth, in addition to the ground canvas above mentioned which former is allowed to
come into contact with the upper surface of the linoleum mass during its passage
between the pressure rolls and is afterwards removed. The result is that the
particles of the linoleum mass get a certain amount of hold in the pores of the upper
fabric and are prevented from slipping or being displaced as afore mentioned.
In order to make my invention more clear, I refer to the accompanying drawings,
in which similar letters denote similar parts throughout the several views.
Fig. 1 is a section of those parts of a linoleum machine, which are necessary to
clearly illustrate my invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial section of the pressure rolls a and b with the fabrics running
beneath and above the same and between which the material under treatment is
pressed.
Fig. 3 a partial side elevation of the pressure rools a and b with the fabric partly
broken away.
The ground fabric or canvas i coming from the roll d is led over the lower roll a
in front of which a table or slab o for receiving the linoleum mass, is arranged.
Situated vertically above roll a, is a pressure roll over which the upper cloth or
fabric runs.
This upper or surface cloth k is preferably an endless band which
may run over a second roll c and may be made of any suitable fabric or metal and
if so desired, can be provided with appropriate lubricating devices.
The linoleum mass on the slab o will be drawn in by the two revolving rolls a b,
or rather it will be gripped by the ground fabric i and surface cloth k, and pressed
between the rolls by which means it is evenly spread on the former. The longi-
tudinal slip or displacement of the particles of the mass, forming the granite pattern
is prevented by the surface cloth k, as the particles will be held in place by the pores
or comparatively rough surface of the same, whereas with the smooth pressure rolls
used up till now,
the particles, having no hold slipped or became displaced in a
longitudinal direction forming simply a striped pattern, instead of the irregular
granite.
The linoleum mass is thus not only pressed into the ground fabric or canvas, but
also against the upper or surface cloth & whereby the particles are prevented from
slipping, during the advance of the former. Should it be necessary to keep the
surface cloth on the linoleum mass rather longer and thus more gradually raise the
same from the mass, an intermediate guide roll c¹ may be arranged as shown in
dotted lines in Fig. 1. After the upper cloth has been removed, the ground fabric

page_text: with the mass adhering thereto, passes between two smooth pressure rolls ef, where
the ribbed impression left on the mass by the upper cloth, is removed, and a sharply
marked granite pattern is produced. The finished linoleum now passes over the
guide roll g and thence is rolled up on the roll h or can be rolled direct onto the
said roll h Instead of using the smoothing rolls ef as represented in Fig. 1 any
other appropriate ironing pressing or smoothing device can be employed.
The cloths or canvas used either for the upper roll or ground cloth may of course
be more or less fine or coarse, according to the grain of the linoleum mass or the
endless band or other intermediate material employed for preventing the linoleum
mass from coming into direct contact with the upper roller can be made of wire,
gauze, perforated or roughened steel band or of any other desired or appropriate
material without departing from the nature of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention,
and manner of performing the same, what I claim is :-
1. A process for manufacturing linoleum having a granite pattern, consisting in
pressing the linoleum mass on to the ground fabric by introducing a fabric, cloth or
other appropriate material between the upper pressure roll and the surface of the
linoleum mass, for the purpose substantially as described.
2. A process for manufacturing linoleum having a granite pattern, consisting in
pressing the linoleum mass on to the ground fabric by introducing a fabric cloth or
other appropriate material between the upper pressure roll and the surface of the
linoleum mass, and then passing the said linoleum through smooth pressure rolls,
for the purpose substantially as described.
3. The process of and apparatus for manufacturing linoleum, substantially as
hereinbefore described and shown.
100
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.