IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING APPARATUS
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Jolinson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn
Fields, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention'
of " IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING APPARATUS." A communication
from abroad by Jules Henry Weibel, of Paris, in the Empire of
France.
-
5₁
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said John Henry Johnson_at,
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 6th January 1870, pursuant to the 9th Section:
of the Patent Law Amendment Act,, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN:
HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN:
HEATING APPARATUS," and have petitioned Her Majesty to grant unto me,
O my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her Royal Letters Patent for
the same, and have made solemn Declaration that the same is a com-
munication to me from abroad by Jules. Henry Weibel, of Paris, in the
Empire of France.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Henry Johnson, do hereby
declare that the following Complete Specification, under my hand and
seal, fully describes and ascertains the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and to
the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to
say :-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction of hot air stove or
heating apparatus composed of sheet iron or steel rolled and stamped so
as to adapt it to the special forms required.
It is proposed to replace cast iron in the manufacture of this stove by
rolled and stamped sheets of metal, which can be easily obtained much
thinner than cast iron. Although the first cost of this material and the
cost of working the same for the purposes of this Invention is greater,
yet the economy realised in the weight of the apparatus advantageously
counterbalances this increase of first cost, whilst the thinness of the
metal by facilitating the transmission of heat greatly assists the utility of
the apparatus.
It will be understood, however, that the thinness of this kind of
metallic surfaces necessitates the so arranging them as that their
temperature shall not be raised to a red heat in order to avoid the
deteriorating effects which would result therefrom. This result is obtained
by the actual form given to the parts constituting the apparatus, as well
as by their respective arrangement with reference to the fire-place of the
apparatus. The undulated faces of the apparatus are composed of bands
of strong sheet metal stamped to a V section by means of matrices which
by the aid of several successive operations impart the form which the
bands require in order to constitute by their juxtaposition a large heating
surface in a comparatively small compass. Morcove, the arrangement
of the fire-place prevents radiation and the contact of the combustible
material employed for heating.
Any metal capable of being rolled into thin sheets may be employed,
such, for example, as steel, copper, and the like, and in some cases the
stamped sheet metal may be replaced by wrought iron rolled to a V section
and arranged in a suitable manner for producing the desired result.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood I shall
now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose
shall refer to the several Figures on the annexed Sheet of Drawings,

page_text: the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in all the
Figures.
Figure 1 of the Drawings represents a longitudinal vertical section of
the improved hot air stove or heating apparatus; Figure 2 is a transverse
vertical section thereof; and Figure 3 is a horizontal section of the
same.
With a view to remove the connections as much as possible from
immediate contact with the heated gases and to preserve them from the
radiation of the fire, care is taken to stamp the pieces a which form
the undulated sides of the hot air stove in such a manner that the upper
joint bis. brought towards the exterior, whilst the joint c.which is
situated at its base is arranged as near as possible to the centre of the
apparatus, which facilitates the admission of the air to be heated to all
parts of the heating surface. This apparatus is formed on its vertical
faces of four sides, composed of a number of sheet metal bands a, stamped
as herein before described and riveted together on the outside. In
order to connect together the four faces when thus formed, they are
provided with a flange d, to which angle iron e of 135° is riveted and
bolted to the corresponding face of the iron with which the adjoining
side is also provided. The top or cover of the stove which constitutes
a special piece is like the lateral faces formed of bands of sheet metal,
of a V shape, rivetted together on the outside and stamped so as to form
a flat surface at their extremities. These picces are morcover slightly
arched towards the centre so as to give to the top the form of a roof,
the two external portions of which are curved and enter a species of
trough g attached to the upper flat extremity of the vertical sides of the
apparatus. By this method of construction there is left on the front
and back faces of the top a triangular part / which is closed by means
of a flat metal plate riveted to the side of the piece f which constitutes
the top. In order to prevent the deterioration of this part of the
apparatus by the radiation of the fire care is taken to place it at a
sufficient height so that it may never attain too clevated a temperature.
The fire-place of the stove is composed of a central rectangular chamber i,
lined inside with fire-brick j and provided with a grate & at its lower
portion; the fire-place is supported on smoke flues 1, to which it is
secured by means of brackets m intended to impart great strength to
the whole of the apparatus. The front side n of the apparatus is
arranged for the reception of the door o of the ash-pit, and the doors p, q,

page_text: which are used for the supply of the fuel. These different parts are
so connected together that the whole of the central portion of the
front n may be removed to admit of a ready access to the interior of
the apparatus,, which may then be repaired,, swept,, and cleaned with
facility. The heated gasses; proceeding from, the fires escape through two
apertures formed symmetrically in the lower part of the stove, and
communicating with one common chimneys by means of the flues., the;
sweeping of which is facilitated by three plugs t
One special application of this system of constructing hot air stoves:
consists in utilizing the same as a boiler.. It will be readily understood
that by substituting for the brick a metal casing, a boiler will be obtained
having a considerable amount of heating surface in proportion to its
capacity, and which would be particularly suitable for certain purposes,
such for instance as hot water heating, and especially for the heating:
of conservatories, green houses, and other like places. An arrangement
of circular boiler on this system is shown in Figure 4.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used
or carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider
to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention sceured
to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters. Patent is,,-
First. The construction of hot air stoves or heating apparatus by
combining together a number of sheet metal bands of a V or equivalent
section, arranged substantially in the manner and for the purpose
herein-before described and illustrated by the Drawings.
Second. The application of the above-described peculiar system of
construction of hot air stoves to the construction of boilers for hot water;
apparatus, substantially as herein-before described and illustrated by.
Figure 4 of the Drawings.
In witness whercof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have. to this
my Specification set my hand and scal, the Sixth day of January.
One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
J. HENRY JOHNSON. (L.s.)