IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING MUD AND SOIL FROM THE BOTTOMS OF RIVERS AND OTHER WATERS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Louis Schwartzkopff, of Berlin, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING MUD AND SOIL FROM THE BOTTOMS
OF RIVERS AND OTHER WATERS."
Sealed the 9th August 1856, and dated the 9th February 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Louis Schwartzkopff at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th February 1856.
I, LOUIS SCHWARTZKOPFF, of Berlin, do hereby declare the nature of the
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING MUD AND SOIL FROM
THE BOTTOMS OF RIVERS AND OTHER WATERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object apparatus for raising by a centrifugal or
rotatory pump, the mud and soil from the bottoms of rivers and other waters.
For this purpose, a centrifugal or rotatory pump is fixed on board a suitable
vessel, together with a steam engine or other means of working the same. From
the pump descends a suction pipe arranged suitably to admit of its lower end
being moved to and fro. The lower end of the suction pipe is fitted with a head
or instrument (or the head or instrument may be separate), which on being
moved together with the lower end of the pipe, stirs or moves the inud and soil

page_text: at the bottom of the river or other water, by which means the mud or soi!
together with some water will be continually raised by the pump, and the
same may be allowed. to run on to a bank at the side of the river or other
water, or into any barge or vessel employed for carrying away such soil
or mud.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Louis Schwartzkopff in the Great Scal Patent Office on the
9th August 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, LOUIS
SCHWARTZKOPFF, of Berlin, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Louis Schwartzkopff, Her special licence that I, the said Louis Schwartzkopff,
my executors, adininistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Louis Schwartzkopff, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR RAISING MUD AND SOIL FROM THE BOTTOMS
OF RIVERS AND
OTHER WATERS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Louis Schwartzkopff, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Louis Schwartzkopff, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof (that is to say):-
This Invention has for its object the arrangement of apparatus for raising,
by a centrifugal or rotary pump, the mud ands oil from the bottoms of rivers
and other waters. For this purpose a centrifugal or rotary pump is fixed on

page_text: vessel IU
areaging
apparatus, arranged according to my Invention; Figure 2 is a transverse
section; and Figure 3 is a plan of the same; Figure 4 shows on a smaller
scale an end view of the dredging vessel and apparatus employed therewith
when in operation.
a is a horizontal shaft, which is driven by an oscillating steam engine b; c is
a bevilled tooth wheel on the axis a, which drives a bevilled pinion on the
vertical axis d,on which the revolving part of the rotatory or centrifugal pump
e is mounted. This rotary pump may be of any ordinary description; f is a
pipe which passes from the pump to the stern of the vessel, where it is con-
nected with the exterior pipe g, by a water-tight joint of sufficient strength, so
constructed that the pipe g may be moved about and turned in any direction.
The end of the pipe g is expanded, and has a series of rake teeth placed round
its edges; h is a chain which is wound on to the barrel i, when it is desired to
raise the pipe g; this is done by means of a screw on the axis j, which is
worked by the wheel handle , and takes into a screw wheel attached to the
barrel; 1, 1, are two guides between which the pipe can slide freely up and
down. The guides 1, 1, are carried by a vertical axis m, on the end of which
is fixed the toothed quadrant n, into which a screw o works. This screw is
mounted on a horizontal axis, on which are two sets of fast and loose pulleys,
over which two bands (one of which is crossed) pass, which bands also pass
over drums on the axis a. The bands are shifted backwards and forwards
from the fast to the loose pulleys by forks p, put in motion by the ball 2
the
stem of which comes in contact with the arms of the quadrant n, and when

page_text: the quadrant gets to the end of its course on either side, the ball has been
brought to such a position that it falls over by its own weight, and in so
doing, changes the driving band, and consequently reverses the motion of
the quadrant. In this way an oscillating side-way motion is given to the
pipe g; this causes the rake teeth on its end to stir up the bottom, and the
mixture of earth and water so produced is sucked up the pipe by the pump,
and is discharged by one or other of the horizontal pipes r, which passes
through the side of the vessel, and communicates by a flexible joint with
another pipe which discharges the matters raised into a reservoir on the
bank.
I would remark that in order to obtain a good result, the rotatory pump
.should be so proportioned as to cause the water and earth to ascend the pipe
with a velocity of about thirty feet per second.
In witness whereof, I, the said Louis Schwartzkopft, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
LOUIS SCHWARTZKOPFF, (LS.)
from Berlin.
LOUIS SCHWARTZKOPFF, (LS.)
from Berlin.