Apparatus for Disintegrating by Steam Hard Granular Seed Products.
Year: 1892

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Apparatus for Disintegrating by Steam Hard Granular Seed
Products.
I, STEFAN KLEMM, in the City of Szegedin in the Kingdom of Austrin,
Waterworks Inspector, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an apparatus, for rendering soluble (disintegrating) by
steam hard seel-grains, such as maize, barley, corn and the like under the action
of low pressure steam, water and a mill work, so that a disintegrating seed grains
can be removed from the apparatus as a pure, only slightly turbid liquid. This
liquid constitutes then a mash, ready for being further worked with the largest
possible gain.
The apparatus is shown in the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the apparatus:
Fig. 2 a cross section on line - in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 a vertical section on line y-y in Fig. 2 :
Fig. 4 a vertical section on line - in Fig. 2;
Figs. 5 & 6 show a larger scale detail view, viz. : a side and plan view of the
metal disc, while the
Figs. 7 & 8 illustrate also on a larger scale a side and plan view of the stationary
grinding disc.
b
with
The apparatus consists of a strong cylindrical iron vessel c on supports a and
provided at its top end with a cover by means of which it can hermetically be
closed. The said vessel c is moreover provided with a gauge glass d, a lower
steam inlet pipe e, an upper steam inlet pipe . a discharging pipe y (see Figs. I
& 3); a liquid eduction pipe and a steam discharging pipe (Fig. 4). Within
this outer vessel e is arranged a second smaller cylindrical vessel j made of sheet
iron and conically tapering at top and bottom; at top it terminates in a chimney
like overflow pipe k. The interior of the vessel laterally connected to the outer
vessel by the stay bolts and below by the bottom m communicates with the
interior of the vessel c only by pipe k, but this communication can be shut off also
by the large valve o arranged in the upper cone n of the vessel j; the latter is
then entirely separated. The valve o is actuated from outside, as shown in Fig. 4
by means of the lever system p, p', ², p', p', which is connected by the lever
the cock of the steam discharging pipe in such a manner, that by closing
valve o, cock is always opened, so that steam is allowed to escape from vessel
through pipe i. The steam escaping through pipe is led into a funnel & arranged
above the vessel c in order to prepare, i.e. to wet and soak the seed contained
therein. The seed thus prepared is then introduced through the leather hose t
into the vessel c. It then naturally falls through the upper orifice of vessel j and
pipe into the interior of the vessel j. From the latter a small tube leads to a
manometer r. The lower steam inlet pipe e leads through the conical bottom m
into the interior space of vessel j, as also the discharging pipe belongs to the
vessel j. The upper steam inlet pipe and the eduction pipe however open
into the outer vessel c. In the lower cone w of vessel j the device for grinding
the seed grains is arranged.
"
This device consists of the lower stationary disc 'provided with an inner
conical grinding collar a and with two lateral slits c symmetrically arranged and
extending along the said collar a' (see Figs. 7 & 8). This disc & has arranged in
its plane four large openings symmetrically disposed and corresponding with four
Figs. 7 & 8 illustrate also on a larger scale a side and plan view of the stationary
grinding disc.
with
The apparatus consists of a strong cylindrical iron vessel c on supports a and
provided at its top end with a cover by means of which it can hermetically be
closed. The said vessel e is moreover provided with a gauge glass d, a lower
steam inlet pipe e, an upper steam inlet pipe . a discharging pipe 7 (see Figs. I
& 3); a liquid eduction pipe and a steam discharging pipe (Fig. 4). Within
this outer vessel e is arranged a second smaller cylindrical vessel made of sheet
iron and conically tapering at top and bottom; at top it terminates in a chimney
like overflow pipe A. The interior of the vessel laterally connected to the outer
vessel by the stay bolts and below by the bottom m communicates with the
interior of the vessel c only by pipe k, but this communication can be shut off also
by the large valve o arranged in the upper cone n of the vessel j; the latter is
then entirely separated. The valve o is actuated from outside, as shown in Fig. 4
by means of the lever system p, p, p, p, p, which is connected by the lever
the cock of the steam discharging pipe i in such a manner, that by closing
valve 0, cock is always opened, so that steam is allowed to escape from vessel c
through pipe . The steam escaping through pipe i is led into a funnels arranged
above the vessel c in order to prepare, i.e. to wet and soak the seed contained
therein. The seed thus prepared is then introduced through the leather hose
into the vessel c. It then naturally falls through the upper orifice of vessel j and
pipe into the interior of the vessel j. From the latter a small tube leads to a
manometer r. The lower steam inlet pipe e leads through the conical bottom m
into the interior space of vessel, as also the discharging pipe belongs to the
vessel j. The upper steam inlet pipe and the eduction pipe however open
into the outer vessel c. In the lower cone w of vessel; the device for grinding
the seed grains is arranged.
This device consists of the lower stationary disc 'provided with an inner
conical grinding collar a and with two lateral slits c' symmetrically arranged and
extending along the said collar a¹ (see Figs. 7 & 8). This disc has arranged in
its plane four large openings symmetrically disposed and corresponding with four

page_text: similar openings in the upper revolving grinding disc in such a manner, that,
when the upper disc 2 revolves the said openings and alternately cover each
other allowing thereby a free passage from the space above the grinding discs into
the space below the same or they are displaced one over the other whereby
the passage is shut off. The upper grinding disc is provided with an outer
conical grinding collar a² (similar to coffee mills) having on its lower border deep
wedge like notches f1 for the purpose of more easily introducing the material to
be treated (see Fig. 5). The disc 2 is fixed on a vertical shaft guided in its
upper part by a cross arm g² further by the lower disc b' and the bottom m the
lower end of the shaft o' is carried in an adjustable step ³ and can be raised and
lowered by the well known lever and screw jack ', ', . By these means the upper
grinding disc can be raised and lowered at will. The shaft projects beyond the
cross arm and is provided on that end with stirring arms i arranged in a left
handed screw thread. The shaft is driven from below by a bevel gear from
the right to the left hand. The upper grinding disc carries a cylinder made
of sheet iron and provided with narrow carvings and a flange like border k²;
into the said cylinder extend two vertical stirring arms fastened to the cross
arm g². The intermediate space left between the border and the walls of
vessel as well as the carvings are so narrow, that seeds of full size cannot
pass while the liquid can freely flow through the same. The cylinder ³ has on
its inner and outer surface spiral fans m' and '. The outer fans are arranged
in a right handed screw thread and the inner ones n' in a left handed screw thread;
it is intended to convey by the fans n' the material into the cylinder ³ while the
fans m¹ carry the material passing the grinding surfaces, upwards.
The apparatus operates as follows :
After the seed grains prepared and mixed with water as above mentioned
having been introduced as described into the vessel j. the cover of the vessel
and the valve o of vessel j are closed. The grinding disc 2 is raised and slowly
rotated while at the same time steam of 1 atmospheres is admitted through
pipe e
This process is carried on about half an hour and during this time the seed
grains are agitated and soaked in water and steam and pass through the
openings d² and d' of the grinding discs and into the space e'. The grinding
disc is then lowered again to such an extent that the seed grains are coarsely
ground. The speed of the said disc is increased and a particular operation of
the fans on the seed grains begins. The stirring fans of the shaft g and the
spiral fans n' force the whole mass of the seeds downwards into the cylinder
When the openings d' and cover each other, the mass is forced through the same
into the space e¹. But in the next moment, when the openings d' d² do not cover
each other, the mass cannot leave the space e¹ and is led between the grinding
surfaces a and a². From here it is led upwards in a coarsely ground condition
and is pushed forward by the spiral fanm This operation is continued during
about half an hour whereupon the disc is entirely lowered and actuated with
full speed, while steam of two atmospheres is admitted during about one hour.
The same operation of the fans is now repeated, but in a quicker succession, the
seed grains are thereby so finely ground, that by the action of steam water and the
continuous stirring of the mass they are gradually but completely dissolved so as
to form an almost clear liquid. After about one hour a layer of entirely dissolved
seed is collected in the upper part of the vessel, which layer is thrown out of the
vessel by suddenly opening the valve o owing to the steam pressure expelling the
liquid through pipe . The liquid ready for use is collected in the outer vessel c,
surrounding the inner vessel j. The valve o is opened every ten minutes in the
same manner, until at last all the liquid is in vessel e; this is seen through the
gauge glass d.
The mill work and the lower steam supply are now stopped and
pipe is opened. By admitting steam through the upper steam pipe the liquid
is evacuated through pipe and passes into the stills, where, as it forms a mash
ready for use it can directly be worked up.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said inven-
tion and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim and wish to secure by Letters Patent is.
1. For distilleries, breweries and sugar factories an apparatus for disintegrating
hard granular seed products, in order to obtain a mash securing the largest possible
gain, such apparatus consisting of an outer cylindrical vessel e closed by a cover b
and provided with a steam inlet pipe and a mash discharging pipe h, and of a
smaller cylindrical vessel j arranged as described within the outer vessel c and
provided with a conical cover n, a conical bottom wand a valve o arranged in the
cover n and serving to close the vessel j, the latter having in its lower part a steam
inlet pipe and at its top end an overflow pipe & leading the seed mixed with
water and introduced through the cover into the vessel and serving at the same
time to lead off the mash collected in the outer vessel and removed by steam
pressure through pipe h, substantially as described and shown in the drawings.
2. The arrangement of a mill work in the vessel j above the space e¹ of
bottom consisting of a lower stationary grinding dise provided with an inner
conical grinding collar a¹ two lateral slits c¹ serving to feed the material to be
treated, and circular openings & and of an upper vertically adjustable grinding
disc actuated by a shaft g extending into the vessel ; and carrying stirring
arms the said disc being provided with a conical outer grinding collar a² and with
openings d corresponding to the openings of the lower disc b', substantially as
described and shown in the drawings.
3. The cylinder supported by the upper grinding disc and provided on its
upper end with flanges k² carvings arranged in the cylinder walls, and outer
spiral fans m and inner spiral fans n' said cylinder pressing the seed mass by the
inner fans n' towards the openings d, while the outer fans m² move the product
coming forth between the grinding faces upward, substantially as described and
shown in the drawings.
4. The manner of dividing the boiling, grinding and disintegrating process effected
in the apparatus as described and claimed in the foregoing claims into three steps,
Biz.:
a. Working during half an hour at a pressure of 1 atmospheres, the disc b²
being raised and slowly revolved,
b. Working during next half of an hour at a pressure of 1½ atmospheres the
disc being not completely lowered and a quicker revolution imparted to
the same and,
c. Working at last at a pressure of two atmospheres during one hour, the
disc being completely lowered and a very rapid revolution imparted to
the same, substantially as described.
5. The whole construction arrangement and manner of operation of the apparatus
for disintegrating by steam hard-granular seed products, substantially as described
and shown in the drawings.
Dated this 30th day of August 1892.
POPPLEWELL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.