IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING METALS, EITHER SOLID OR TUBULAR
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Kendall and George Gent, of Salford, near
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Machinists, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING METALS, EITHER
SOLID OR TUBULAR."
Sealed the 29th June 1855, and dated the 3rd January 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left. by the said William Kendall and
George Gent at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 3rd January 1855.
We, WILLIAM KENDALL and GEORGE GENT, of Salford, near Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, Machinists, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING
METALS, EITHER SOLID OR TUBULAR," to be as follows:-
We make a stand to be fixed on the bench or in a vice with a vertical boss
or pin turned truly round. We make a hollow piece with projecting arms to
fit on the said boss or pin, with a conical hole in the centre at the top of it,
into which we wedge the metal or tube to be cut. Outside the said apparatus
we fix a slide with a projecting tool or cutter, and by means of a. wheel and
pinion cause the tool to cut the object merely by the motion of. the hollow
piece given to it, by turning the arms or projections, thus giving the tool or
cutter a self-acting motion. This apparatus is peculiarly adapted to cut tubing

page_text: for gas burners or similar articles, and will be clearly understood by the
accompanying outline Drawing; in which, a represents the block or stand;
b, the hollow piece, turning on the vertical pin or boss of the same by means
of the arms or projections c; & is the slide, in which is fixed the tool or
cutter e, which receives the necessary motion by the wheel f and pinion gas
the arms are turned round; h represents the object to be cut.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Kendall and George Gent in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 2nd July 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
KENDALL and GEORGE GENT, of Salford, near Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Machinists, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Royal
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the eighteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said William Kendall and George Gent, Her special licence that we,
the said William Kendall and George Gent, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said William Kendall and George
Gent, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, sliould and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING METALS, EITHER SOLID OR TUBULAR," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said William Kendall and George
Gent, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the
hand and seal of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Royal
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Kendall and George Gent, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say) :-

page_text: or screws.
Our Invention consists of employing a boss or bush, to the interior of
which is fastened the tube or other article to be cut by means of wedges
The tube with the bush is then held fast by a vice or other
suitable means. The boss or bush forms an axis, around or upon which is
fitted, so as to turn freely. but without shake, a frame or casting, with pro-
jecting arms, levers, or other mechanical contrivance, in order to obtain power,
having adapted to it a slide and tool holder, in which the tool or cutter is
placed. The slide and cutter are acted upon by a screw, to which is fixed a
toothed wheel, operated upon by a pinion, having on its shaft a ratchet wheel.
These wheels are connected to the frame or, casting, and move with it when
turned by means of the levers, arms, or other contrivance. We fix upon
the boss or bush a pin or projection, so placed as to come in contact with the
ratchet wheel, thus giving it and the pinion a slight rotatory motion at cach
revolution of the frame or casting; the pinion transmits its motion to the
toothed wheel, which causes. the screw to turn and press forward the cutter
steadily and uniformly, thus forcing itself into the tube or other article to be
cut until it is severed, without any effort or stoppage on the part of the
attendant; being, in fact, self-acting, and will be clearly understood by refe-
rence to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which, Figs. 1 and 2 are
elevations, and Fig. 3 a plan. a represents the tube to be cut; b, the boss or
bush, furnished with the set screws c. The frame or casting fitting the bush
is shewn at d, the projecting arms or levers at e, the tool holder at f, the tool
or cutter at g, and the screw at h, to which is fastened the toothed wheel i,
acted upon by the pinion k, on the shaft l, to which the ratchet wheel mis
made fast. The pin or projection on the boss or bush is shewn at n. It
is evident that this apparatus can be readily fixed and adjusted to different
sizes of work; it is not liable to be out of order, and can perform its duty in
an expeditious and workmanlike manner.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of our said Inven-
tion, and the manner of carrying the same into practical effect, we desire it
to be distinctly understood that we do not confine ourselves to the exact
details herein set forth, as such may be varied or modified without departing
from the principle thereof; but we claim as our Invention, and which, to the
best of our knowledge and belief, has not been hitherto used within this
realm,-
Firstly, the construction and arrangement of machinery or apparatus for
cutting metals, either solid or tubular, with the cutter working upon an axis
independently of the tube or metal to be cut.
Secondly, making the cutter self-acting in the cut by means of wheels, catch,

page_text: and screw, or other mechanical contrivance, so that as the machine revolves,
the tool or cutter steadily and uniformly forces itself into the tube or metal to
be cut without any effort on the part of the workman.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Kendall' and George Gent,
""have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirtieth day of June,
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
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