Year: 1887

page_text: We CORNELIUS CRASTIN, of 185 Hornsey Road, in the county of Middlesex,
Engineer and ALBERT BERWICK CUNNINGHAM, of 9, Porchester Square, Bayswater, in
the county of Middlesex, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in or applicable to lamps the invention having
for object to provide improved means for automatically extinguishing the lamp on the
same being accidentally tilted or overturned, our improvements also providing simple
means for extinguishing the lamp under ordinary circumstances and also for fixing
the wick in any position to which it has been adjusted.
;
According to our improvements, to the ordinary wick lowering and raising spindle
we apply a weighted spring-catch or trigger arrangement adapted to retain or release
a coiled spring in a barrel so arranged that it can be put in or out of gear with the
wick lowering and raising spindle which arrangement allows of the wick being set to
any required position and having been set in such position it will be there retained
the weight, of the spring-catch or trigger mechanism, is connected thereto by a chain
or its equivalent a bracket being provided to receive it so that it shall not act on the
trigger mechanism but should the lamp be tilted or overturned the weight falling
releases the trigger and the spring acting on the wick raising and lowering spindle
rotates the same thereby lowering the wick and extinguishing the lamp. To re-light
the lamp the weight must be replaced on its support or bracket and the wick being
turned up the coiled spring will be wound up ready for action; the spring having
been thus wound up the spindle can be put out of gear with the spring to allow of
the wick being adjusted and on the milled head or knob of the spindle being released
the spindle will be again in gear with the spring and the wick will be fixed in the
position to which it has been adjusted. The barrel is provided with a stop motion for
regulating the tension of the spring and a suitable arrangement is used such as a pin
and a spring for preventing the wick raising and lowering spindle being put
out of gear with the spring (to allow of adjusting the wick) until the spring has
been wound up.

page_text: It will be obvious from the above description that when it is required to extinguish
the lamp in the ordinary manner it will only be necessary to remove the weight from
its support; or if preferred the wick can be lowered by operating the spindle in the
usual manner.
It will be obvious that our improvements can be adapted, by employing a weighted
lever arrangement, to automatically lower the flame spreader (or an extinguisher) onto
the wick immediately the latter has been lowered by our improved automatic
arrangement herein before described.
In the case of lamps which are required to be carried about, a suitable stop arrange
ment is provided to retain the weight so as to prevent it operating the automatic
extinguishing arrangement. For this purpose we have found it advantageous to
connect the stop arrangement to the handles of the lamp in such a manner that on the
lamp being lifted by its handles the stop arrangement will be automatically applied
and on the lamp being placed on a table or otherwise it will be released.
In the case of the cheaper kinds of lamps we propose to employ a weighted
lever instead of a coiled spring for operating the wick raising and lowering
spindle.
n
1 .
an 1
1007
G. F. REDFERN,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: We, CORNELIUS CRASTIN, of 185 Hornsey Road, in the county of Middlesex,
Engineer, and ALBERT BERWICK CUNNINGHAM, of 9 Porchester Square, Bayswater,
in the county of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in or applicable to lamps, the invention
having for object to provide improved means for automatically extinguishing the
lamp on the same being accidentally tilted or overturned; also to provide simple
means for extinguishing the lamp under ordinary circumstances and for fixing the
wick in any position to which it has been adjusted.
According to our improvements, to the ordinary wick-lowering and raising spindle
we apply a weighted spring-catch or trigger arrangement adapted to retain or release
a coiled spring in a barrel so arranged that it can be put in or out of gear with the
wick-lowering and raising spindle, which arrangement allows of the wick being set to
any required position and, having been set in such position, it will be there retained;
the weight of the spring-catch or trigger mechanisin is connected thereto by a chain
or its equivalent, a bracket being provided to receive it while the lamp is burning in
an upright position so that it shall not act on the trigger mechanism, but, should the
lamp be tilted or overturned, the weight falling, releases the trigger, and the spring,
acting on the wick-raising and lowering spindle, rotates the same, thereby lowering
the wick and extinguishing the lamp. To re-light the lamp the weight must be
replaced on its support or bracket and, the wick being turned up, the coiled spring
will be wound up ready for action; the spring, having been thus wound up, the
spindle can be put out of gear with the spring to allow of the wick being adjusted
and, on the milled head or knob of the spindle, being released, the spindle will be
again in gear with the spring and the wick will be fixed in the position to which it has
been adjusted. The barrel is provided with a stop motion for regulating the tension
of the spring, and a suitable arrangement is used such as a pin and spring for pre-
venting the wick-raising and lowering spindle being put out of gear with the spring
(to allow of adjusting the wick) until the spring has been wound up.
It will be obvious that our improvements can be adapted, by employing a
weighted lever arrangement, to automatically lower the flame-spreader (or an
extinguisher) onto the wick-tube when the wick is lowered by our improved automatic
arrangement herein before described.
In the case of lamps which are required to be carried about, a suitable stop arrange-
ment is provided to retain the weight in position so as to prevent it operating the
automatic extinguishing arrangement while the lamp is being carried. For this
purpose we have found it advantageous to connect the stop arrangement to the
handles of the lamp in such a manner that on the lamp being lifted by its handles the

page_text: stop arrangement will be automatically applied and, on the lamp being placed on a
table or otherwise, it will be released.
In order to enable our invention to be fully understood we will proceed to
describe how it can be carried into practice by reference to the accompanying
drawings, in which
Figures 1 and 2 are elevations showing our weighted spring catch or trigger
arrangement and coiled spring applied to a lamp of which only sufficient is shown to
illustrate our invention.
Figure 3 is a plan of figure 1.
Figures 4 and 5 are detached full sized sections of the spring catch and coiled 1
spring.
Figure 6 is the upper portion of a similar view to figure 2 but showing a slightly
modified arrangement of weighted catch or trigger.
Figure 7 is an elevation, partly in section, of a like portion of a lamp to that
represented by figure 2 but illustrating our weighted lever arrangement for auto-
matically lowering a flame spreader onto the wick of the lamp in combination with
the weighted spring catch and coiled spring arrangement.
Figure 8 is a similar view to figure 7 showing our stop arrangement or weight
retainer for lamps which are required to be carried about.
Figure 9 is a plan of the wick-tube of a lamp shewing a simple form of
our extinguishing device expressly constructed for ready application to existing
lamps.
Figure 10 is a plan of part of the said device and Figure 11 is an elevation of
another part.
Similar letters in all the figures indicate similar or corresponding parts.
We will first describe our invention by reference to Figures 1 to 5.
a is the wick-tube, b the wick lowering and raising spindle, c the body and d the
pedestal or foot of the lamp all of which may be of any suitable form and
construction.
e is our spring-trigger which we arrange to work in a downward extension f of a
bracket g fixed to the lamp.
h is the weight for operating the spring-trigger e.-i, figures 4 and 5, is the coiled
spring located in the barrel j to which one end of it is attached. The other end of
the spring is attached to a tubular portion of the bracket g. The barrel j can
rotate on the said tubular portion k which serves as a bearing for a sleeve 7 working
upon the wick lowering and raising spindle b.
The sleeve carries a milled head m and has a slot n working over a pino (figure 1)
on the spindle b. The sleeve / can therefore be moved longitudinally over the
spindle but cannot be rotated without rotating the said spindle.
The barrel containing the coiled spring i is put in and out of engagement with
the spindle 6 by means of a plate p on the sleeve 1, the plate being formed with a
number of holes q, q, q any one of which by sliding the sleeve on the spindle ↳ can be
passed onto or free of a pin on the barrel j.
s is the cord or its equivalent connecting the weight h to the spring trigger e; tis
the bracket for holding the weight; when the weight is on the said bracket and the
spring i is wound up to allow the lamp to be lighted the spring trigger e enters a
hole u (figure 4) in the barrel ; and thereby maintains the spring in position ready
to turn the sleeve and spindle b and thus lower the wick and extinguish the light in
case of accident.
is a stop on the barrel which by coming against the portion of the bracket a
limits the tension of the spring i, and by coming against the downwardly projecting
portion of the said bracket prevents the spring from uncoiling beyond the required
extent.
The pin x
A plate or
x is the pin and y the spring for preventing the wick spindle b being put out of
engagement with the coil spring until the coil spring has been wound up.
spring y is fixed to the bracket g.
When the coil spring i is not wound
is carried by the barrel ; and the
flange z is provided on the sleeve
1.
up (as in

page_text: figure 1) the plate z will upon any attempt being made to disengage the sleeve / and
spindle 6 from the barrel j (in order to raise or lower the wick) bear against the side
or edge of the spring y and so prevent this disengagement. As the spring i is wound
up, however the pin will raise the spring y clear of the plate z and the sleeve and
wick spindle can then be disengaged from the barrel j.
a is a spring for automatically bringing back the sleeve into engagement with the
harrel the said spring being compressed between the plate z and bracket g.
The action is as follows:-
In order to light the lamp or adjust the wick the weight h must first be placed on
its bracket t and the spring i be wound up by turning the milled head m. The spring
trigger e will retain the barrel and spring in their wound position. Meanwhile the
springy will have been raised clear of the plate z. The lamp can now be lighted, or
the wick spindle be disengaged from the barrel to allow of adjusting the wick, the
spring a automatically bringing the spindle and barrel into re-engagement.
Should the lamp be overturned or tilted the weight h will fall off its bracket t, the
trigger e will release the barrel j and spring i and the sleeve and spindle 6 will be
rotated by the spring thereby lowering the wick and extinguishing the lamp.
It will be obvious from the above description that ordinarily when it is required to
extinguish the lamp it will only be necessary to push the weight off its support; or
if preferred the wick can be lowered by first disengaging the wick raising and lowering
spindle from the spring and then operating the spindle in the usual manner.
The arrangement shewn in Figure 6 is the same as that hereinbefore described with
reference to Figures 1 to 5 except that the trigger e is arranged above the barrel j
and is hinged at band adapted to receive the weight h. The bracket t and the
trigger-spring shewn in Figure 1 and 2 are by this means dispensed with and
the weight when placed in position on the trigger serves to keep it engaged with the
barrel, the trigger being released when the weight falls or is removed. The weight is
attached by its cords to the part of the bracket g.
In figure 7, c is the weighted lever for automatically lowering a flame spreader d¹
(or an extinguisher) onto the wick-tube when the wick is lowered by an automatic
arrangement such as is shown in figures 1 to 6. The lever c¹ is hinged to the lamp
at e and is connected to a rod f carrying the flame spreader d¹. The lever c¹ is,
when the parts are in proper position to allow of the lamp being lighted, supported by
a ball g placed in a bracket t in a similar manner to the weight h (figures 1
to 6). The trigger e is formed by a rod which is connected at h¹ to the weighted
lever c¹.
By this arrangement it will be seen that should the lamp be overturned or tilted
the ball g' will fall from under the lever c¹ and the weight of the latter will cause
it to release the trigger e and at the same time draw down the flame spreader d' over
the top of the wick. is a spring connection for allowing the weighted lever c' and
ball g to be set before the trigger e is engaged with the barrel j.
Figure 8 shows the stop arrangement which we employ for retaining the weight h
in position while the lamp is being carried about. ¹ is the stop connected to a
lever k pivotted to one of the handles of the lamp so that on the lamp being lifted
by its handles the outer end of the lever k¹ will be raised, thereby lowering and
pressing the stop j¹ onto the lever c¹, and holding the ball g¹ by pressing it between
its bracket and the lever. The stop is automatically removed from the lever c¹ when
the lamp
placed on a table or the like by means of a spring m¹.
In the simple form of our improved extinguishing device illustrated in figures 9, 10
and 11 and adapted to be readily applied to existing lamps we arrange the coil
spring i, al on a separate spindle the functions of which are equivalent to those of
the sleeve herein before described and shown in figures 1, 2 and 3; this spring not
only serves to operate the wick spindle 6 through the toothed wheels n' and o¹, so as
to automatically lower the wick but it also serves a similar purpose to that of the
spring a¹ (figures 1 to 3) inasmuch as it operates to keep the coil spring in engage-
ment with the wick spindle b. The trigger e engages with a hole in the barrel j, to
which the coil spring is attached, the other end of the coil spring being fastened to

page_text: the bracket g which is adapted to be passed over and fixed to the wick-tube a of the
lamp, as shown in figure 9.
The spindle can be moved longitudinally in its bearing in the bracket g so as to
disengage the wheels n' and o¹ when it is required to adjust the wick, the adjustment
being then effected by turning the wheel o'. This wheel is slotted radially as shown
at pin figure 11 to allow of it being placed on an existing wick spindle, it being then
fixed thereon by means of a screw passing through the wheel and the ordinary milled
head.
A pin and spring arrangement similar to that described with reference to figures 1
to 6 is employed for preventing the spindle 6 being put out of gear (to allow of
adjusting the wick) until the coiled spring has been wound up but this arrangement is
omitted from the drawings for the sake of clearness.
rotated.
The operation is substantially the same as that herein before described when referring
to figures 1 to 6, but it should be noted that in order to adjust the wick the spindle ?
must be pressed inwards by its milled head m, whilst the wick spindle is being
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is :-
1. The combination with a lamp for burning liquid hydro-carbons, of mechanism or
means adapted to automatically lower the wick of the lamp upon the lamp being tilted
or overturned, for the purpose specified.
2. The combination with a lamp for burning liquid hydro-carbons, of mechanism
so arranged that the lamp cannot be lighted nor the wick be adjusted unless the parts
have been previously set in position for operating the wick-lowering mechanism in
case the lamp is tilted or overturned, for the purpose specified.
3. The improved extinguishing devices applicable to lamps for burning liquid
hydro-carbons, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in figures 1 to 6
of the accompanying drawings.
4. The combination with a lamp for burning liquid hydro-carbons, of a flame-
spreader or extinguisher adapted to be automatically lowered onto the wick-tube at
the same time that the wick is automatically lowered, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
5. In a lamp for burning liquid hydro-carbons, the herein before described stop
arrangement connected to the handles of the lamp, in combination with automatic
wick-lowering mechanism, substantially as described with reference to figure 8 of the
accompanying drawings, and for the purpose set forth.
6. The simplified arrangement of automatic extinguishing mechanism adapted for
ready application to existing lamps, substantially as hereinbefore described with
reference to figures 9, 10 and 11 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated the 22nd day of December 1887.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agents for the Applicants.