AN IMPROVEMENT IN. CLAY, MEERSCHAUM, AND OTHER PIPES
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Barker, of Hastings, in the County of Sussex,
Tobacco and Cigar Dealer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN.
CLAY, MEERSCHAUM, AND OTHER PIPES."
Sealed the 27th April 1860, and dated the 7th November 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Barker at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th
November 1859.
I, HENRY BARKER, of Hastings, in the County of Sussex, Tobacco and
Cigar Dealer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT IN CLAY, MEERSCHAUM, AND OTHER PIPES," to be as follows:-
This improvement is applicable to all kinds of smoking pipes, whether made
of clay, meerschaum, wood, or other materials; or combinations of materials, and
is intended to increase the facility of draught and freedom of smoking in such
pipes.
In smoking pipes of the ordinary construction it frequently happens (if the
tobacco be pressed too hard, or from other causes) that the pipe will not
"draw," thereby occasioning great inconvenience, and it is to remedy this
defect that the present Invention is designed.
The improvement consists in moulding, cutting, or otherwise forming a
groove or grooves (three being preferred) in the interior of the bowl of the.

page_text: pipe, such groove or grooves extending from the mouth of the bowl down the
interior of the same, and communicating with the bore of the stem of the pipe,
the groove or grooves being either straight or curved, as may be preferred.
By these means a free draught will always be maintained in the pipe, and the
smoking thereof will be thereby greatly facilitated.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Barker in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 5th
May 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
BARKER, of Hastings, in the County of Sussex, Tobacco and Cigar Dealer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Henry Barker, Her special licence that I, the said Henry
Barker, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Henry Barker, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT
IN CLAY, MEERSCHAUM, AND OTHER PIPES," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Henry Barker, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should parti-
cularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Barker, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement in writing, and on reference to the accompanying Drawing, that
is to say:
This improvement is applicable to all kinds of smoking pipes, whether made
of clay, meerschaum, wood, or other materials, or combinations of materials,

page_text: and is intended to increase the facility of draught and freedom of smoking in
such pipes.
In smoking pipes of the ordinary construction it frequently happens (if the
tobacco be pressed too hard, or from other causes) that the pipe will not
"draw," thereby occasioning great inconvenience, and it is to remedy this
defect that the present Invention is designed.
The improvement consists in moulding, cutting or otherwise forming a
groove or grooves in the interior of the bowl of the pipe, such groove or
grooves extending from the mouth of the bowl down the interior of the same,
and communicating with the bore of the stem of the pipe, the groove or
grooves being either straight or curved, as may be preferred. By these means
a free draught will always be maintained in the pipe, and the smoking thereof
will be thereby greatly facilitated.
In order that the practical application of my Invention may be perfectly
understood, I have annexed hereunto a Sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof,
and have marked the same with figures and letters of reference corresponding
with those in the following explanation thereof; and I may here remark, that
although in the Drawing I have only shewn my Invention as applied to a
short clay pipe (ordinarily known as a "billiard " pipe), yet it will be evident
that the same is equally applicable to any other form of smoking pipe, whether
made of clay, meerschaum, wood, or other materials, or combinations of
materials.
Figure 1 is a side view of the pipe, and Figure 2 is a plan view of the same
as seen from above; Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of the pipe, and
Figure 4 is a transverse section of the bowl. a, a, is the bowl of the pipe;
b, b, the stem; and c, c, the mouth-piece. The latter is made of horn, amber,
or other material, and cemented in the stem of the pipe. d, d, is a groove
formed in the interior of the bowl of the pipe extending from the mouth of the
bowl down two sides of the interior of the same, and communicating at the
bottom thereof with the bore of the stem of the pipe. In the Drawing this
groove is shewn as formed by raising two ribs or projections e, e, but it may if
preferred be cut or sunk in the body of the material, where the substance of
the bowl is of a sufficient thickness. The groove or grooves may also be
curved or spiral instead of straight, and any desired number of grooves may be
used.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention for "An
Improvement in Clay, Meerschaum, and other Pipes," together with the
manner of carrying the same into practical effect, I would remark in con-
clusion, that I claim as my Invention forming a groove or grooves in the

page_text: interior of the bowl of the pipe, extending downwards from the mouth of the
bowl, and communicating with the bore of the stem of the pipe as above
described, and shewn in the Drawings, for the purpose of maintaining a free
draught in the pipe, and facilitating the smoking thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Barker, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Third day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty.
HENRY BARKER. (L.S.)