Improved Ventilators.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Mar., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 1st Dec., 1893-Accepted, 6th Jan., 1894
Improved Ventilators.
GEORGE JAMES CHAPMAN Royal Engineer Office, Shorncliffe Camp Kent,
England Civil Engineer on Royal Engineer Civil Staff do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:
-
My invention relates to the general arrangement and construction of inlet and
outlet ventilators for buildings.
The objects of my invention in the case of inlet ventilators are to permit of air
entering in gentle currents only and preventing draughts from excessive currents,
and in the case of outlet ventilators to prevent inward draughts and afford
continuous means for the exit of vitiated air or fumes except during the inter-
mittent periods of any opposing currents.
In my improved system I construct an inlet ventilator in a box having gratings
or louvres at the faces and wherein is formed a partition having an aperture with
a cushioned seat preferably circular. On the outer side of this partition I suspend
pivot or guide a hollow semi-spherical or conical valve having its concave side
exposed to the inward current and its convex side towards the seating and capable
of being suitably balanced or weighted so that in its normal position the valve
permits of gentle inward currents of air passing around it and through the
aperture but is free to be closed wholly or partially on the seat by and during
such currents of air as exceed in intensity the limit permitted by the regulated
open valve.
In the case of the outlet ventilator I form in a box a similar partition and
aperture to that of the inlet ventilator with a similar valve on the outlet side of
aperture, the valve having its convex surface towards the seating and the concave
surface exposed to any inward currents and so balanced as to permit of vitiated air
or fumes passing freely outwards around the convex surface of the valve except
when the valve is deflected to its seat by any inward current of air.
In constructing the above mentioned valve I employ either celluloid mica or
other suitable material so as to afford lightness in combination with its concave
or hollow form with the object of utilizing a large confined body of air for the
purpose of automatically operating the valve.
Where necessary for retaining warmth or otherwise in a place I provide for
keeping the valve closed upon its seat by means of a spring rod and line operated
and secured by hand, which upon being released returns to its normal position and
thus permits of the valve resuming its automatic action.
Dated thin Winst day of March 1902
GEO. J. CHAPMAN.
Improve
I GEORGE JAMES CHAPMAN Royal Engineer Office, Shorncliffe Camp, Kent,
Civil Engineer on Royal Engineer Civil Staff do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to the general arrangement and construction of inlet and
outlet ventilators.

page_text: The objects of my invention in the case of inlet ventilators are to permit of air
entering in gentle currents only and preventing draughts from excessive currents,
and in the case of outlet ventilators to prevent inward draughts and afford
continuous means for the exit of vitiated air or fumes except during the inter-
mittent periods of any opposing currents.
In my improved system I construct an inlet ventilator Fig. 1, in a box A
(having an ordinary grating or louvres at each face) and wherein is constructed a
partition B containing an aperture C with a cushioned seat D preferably circular.
On the outer side of the partition B I suspend as shewn or pivot or guide by
common means a hollow seini-spherical segmental or conical valve E or any mere
equivalent form having its concave or hollow surface exposed to inward currents
of air and its convex or outer surface placed towards the aperture C, which while
facilitating forward movement permits of air being retained in valve for the
purpose of deflection to its seat. The valve E is suitably weighted or balanced
so that in its normal position it permits of gentle inward currents of air passing
around it and through the aperture C into the room but is free to be partially or
wholly closed on the seat by and during such currents of air as exceed in intensity
the limit permitted by the regulated valve in its normal and open condition.
In the case of the outlet ventilator Fig. 2, 1. similarly construct in a box a
a partition containing an aperture c and cushioned seat d. The valve e is also
suitably pivotted and balanced as shewn or suspended or guided by common
means. The valve e has its convex or outer surface placed towards the aperture c
and its concave or hollow surface exposed to any inward currents of air and is so
arranged as to permit of vitiated air or fumes passing freely outwards around the
convex surface of the valve, except during the intermittent periods when it is
deflected by inward currents of air.
In cases where the valve E or e is pivotted and balanced the weight may be
placed either above or below the valve as circumstances require.
The outlet of the box a Fig. 2 is so shaped at f as to cause any inward current
of air to concentrate on the hollow side of the valve e.
Fig. 3 represents an alternative method of constructing the hollow valve which
consists of a light framing 9 covered on the sides h with any suitable material, so
as to obviate the necessity for a cushioned seat to the aperture C or c.
Fig. 4 is a plan of well of box on line X Y Fig. 2, and shews a special form of
bearing where the valve is pivotted. This consists of a spring i formed as shewn
and is fixed in position at one end by the notch k and at the other ends in holes j
in the box a.
When flat material is used instead of wire it has holes formed in
same for the pivot bearings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. In a ventilator normally open the use of any hollow semi-spherical segmental
or conical valve or any mere equivalent form which while facilitating forward
movement permits of air being retained in same for the purpose of deflecting the
valve to its seat.
2. In combination with my improved ventilator the use of a self fixing spring
bearing for pivotted valves as shewn or described.
3. The use of the conical form of outlet shewn in Fig. 2 and described.
Dated this 30th day of November 1893.
G. J. CHAPMAN.