IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LOZENGES
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Smith and Thomas Smith, of No. 5, Fell
Street, in the City of London, Wholesale Confectioners, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE
OF LOZENGES."
Sealed the 7th June 1864, and dated the 14th December 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Smith and Thomas
Smith at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 14th December 1863.
We, SAMUEL SMITH and TпомAS SMITH, of No. 5, Fell Street, in the City
of London, Wholesale Confectioners, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE
OF LOZENGES," to be as follows:-
The improvements relate to arranging or combining apparatus, or means
by which the successive operations of mixing and kneading or working
together into the desired pasty consistency the ingredients or materials of
which lozenges are composed, and of moulding such combined matters into
desired forins or lozenges, and delivering them from the moulding apparatus,
may be continuously performed. The active and some other ingredients to
Price Sd1

page_text: These
be mixed together are placed in a suitable reservoir, in which an agitator or
incorporator revolves, by which they are thoroughly mixed, and from which
they pass through a stop-cock or other regulating means into the mixing or
kneading vessel or chamber, into which are also further gradually supplied
the remaining ingredients, by hoppers or other similar means in graduated
quantities. The kneading or mixing vessel or chamber is provided with other
fixed and revolving stirrers, which, acting together upon the matters as fed
into the mixing vessel, effect their complete mixture and give the required
consistency to the paste. These stirrers may be perforated, and we sometimes
use two or more mixing or kneading chambers consecutively, so arranged and
adapted as to work or knead up paste of or to any degree of hardness or
toughness, for which purpose also we sometimes use a jacket or double case
for the purpose of heating the kneading chamber and its contents.
chambers are sometimes used without stirrers, but with a plunger or beater or
plungers or beaters, with or without springs at their lower ends, when the
sides of the chambers are preferred to be curved inwards so as thereby to
represent somewhat the form of an inverted bell, and they are acted
upou by
springs or eccentrics or similar movers from the exterior, so that when the
plunger or plungers descend into the pasty material, the sides are forced
outwards, and return to their original position as soon as the plunger or
plungers are withdrawn. These vessels are also formed with openings at the
lower part thereof, through which the paste is forced in such form as may be
desired when the door or plate is removed, and they are also supplied from
above with powdered sugar, or other suitable powder, in regulated quantities.
The general mixing chamber or vessel is provided with an outlet
passage, or
with outlet passages, by which, when the desired mixing, kneading, or working
of the materials has been effected on the opening of a valve or door, the com-
bined paste may be forced out in a continuous stream, and in order that form
may be given to such stream of paste, adapted to the subsequent operations,
we apply dies or guages to such outlet passage or passages. This stream of
combined matters then passes between a pair of cylinders or rollers, one of
which is formed with a series of cells or chambers corresponding with the
figure of the desired lozenges. The other roller is formed at the parts
opposite to these cells or chambers, so as to force the material into such cells
or chambers, and at the intermediate parts thereof, to admit of the surplus
material freely passing away or being collected again for re-use. The passage
through which the stream of composition or paste passes may be kept
lubricated, and the composition as it passes to the cells is powdered with sugar
or other suitable powder supplied through hoppers, or other feed means, in

page_text: regulated quantities. The cells or chambers referred to are provided with
plungers or forcers, which occupy the whole area of the cells in which they
are moved to-and-fro by eccentric motion, or these plungers or forcers may be
acted upon by springs with a tendency to draw them inwards, whilst they are
at one part of the revolution of the roller or cylinder forced outwards by
being acted upon by an inclined surface or by an eccentric, or such-likemeans.
Whalebone or other releasers act to release the formed lozenges from thecells,
and dabbers or cleansers, or distributors, act to lubricate and wipe the surfaces
of the cells and the plungers. Another roller is sometimes employed to act
on the surface of the material being moulded in the cells to give surface finish
to it. The forcers in the cells of the one roller, and the parts opposite of the
other roller, may be formed to produce any desired device or indication on the
lozenges. The cells or chambers and the rollers are powdered with powdered
sugar or starch or other desired powder by means of a blower or a series
of fans. Scrapers or doffers are also applied to remove superfluous paste.
The cells may also be obtained by perforations or recesses ofthe desired shape
formed in or upon a band or a combination of bands of india-rubber or other
suitable elastic substance or substances travelling over or with carrying rollers
aided by conducting or guide rollers, and the lozenges may be aided in leaving
such cells by such cells being extended or stretched at the proper time. For
this purpose we apply to the sides of the perforated band rings or such-like
means adapted to take on to bars or rods to effect a stretching of the band
laterally at the part where the material is to be forced out of the cells, whilst
at such part the band is also extended lengthwise by rotating or other forcers
acting on the band, by preference opposite the holes or cells. The parts of
the recesses or cells in the flexible material may be hardened or have segments
of metal or other hard material applied to them, or rims of the same may
sustain them from beneath. Lubricating, powdering, and scraping appartus
are also employed with this adaptation.
30 SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Samuel Smith and Thomas Smith, in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 14th June 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, SAMUEL
SMITH and THOMAS SMITH, of No. 5, Fell Street, in the City of London,
5 Wholesale Confectioners, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto us, the said Samuel Smith and Thomas Smith, Her special licence that
we,the said Samuel Smith and Thomas Smith, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said Samuel Smith and Thomas Smith,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR
APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LOZENGES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Samuel Smith and Thomas Smith, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their hands and
seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Samuel Smith and Thomas Smith,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The nature of our invention consists in arranging or combining apparatus
or means by which the successive operations of mixing and kneading or work-
ing together into the desired pasty consistency the ingredients or mateials
of which certain descriptions of lozenges are composed, and of moulding such
combined matters into the desired forms or lozenges, and delivering them from
the moulding apparatus may be continuously performed, as explained and
described in and by the accompanying Drawings.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a section; Figure 2 a side view; and Figure 3 a plan of
apparatus arranged according to our improvements; Figures 4, 5, 6, 7, 7",
and 8 show parts separately. In each of these Figures the same letters
indicate corresponding parts wherever they occur.
a, a, indicates the framing; b is the main shaft or axis from which the
movements of the parts of this apparatus are obtained; this shaft has motion

page_text: given to it from a steam engine or other suitable power acting by suitable
gear on the toothed wheel b' fixed thereon. All the active and liquid ingre-
dients and about one-tenth part of the powdered sugar to be mixed together
are placed in such order as may be necessary for the particular kind of lozenge
intended to be made, as is well understood by practical lozenge makers, in the
reservoir c, where they are acted upon by an agitator or incorporatore', which,
as shown, is formed by a series of bars or blades extending from the arms c²
which are affixed to and revolve with the axis c³. Motion in either direction
is obtained to this shaft c³ from the axis 6 by means of the toothed wheel c
affixed on the axis b, taking into the teeth of the wheel c³ affixed on the axis
c, on which are applied the bevilled pinions c', c', the teeth of both of which
take into the teeth of the bevilled pinion caffixed on the axis c³, but the
wheels c', c, are only capable of revolving with the shaft when clutched
thereto by means of the sliding clutch box c, which is capable of being acted
upon and held by a suitable forked lever, as is well understood, consequently
the direction of motion of the axis cs, and its agitators c¹ will depend upou
which of the wheels c' is for the time clutched with the shaft ce to revolve
with it; care stationary stirrers carried by the reservoir c to act with the
moving stirrers c¹ in effecting the mixing of the ingredients. The stirrers or
mixers care, by preference, perforated, as shown. This reservoir c is only
intended for lozenges made with liquid gum and sugar, but when extracts or
other tough materials are employed instead of the liquid gum they are mixed
together in one of the kneading or mixing chambers marked d and f. The
matters after being thoroughly mixed together in the reservoir c are allowed
to pass gradually therefrom into the kneading or mixing chamber d through
the cock or tap c", there to mix gradually with about eight-tenth parts of the
powdered sugar, or such other material as is intended to be combined with the
before-mentioned matters. This kneading chamber is provided with fixed
stirrers d', or stirrers which are fixed and stationary during the operation of
mixing or kneading, but which may be removed when required for the
removal of the shaft or axis do, and for this purpose they are formed on or
affixed to the bar or plate d, by which they are held in position. This
chamber d is also provided with other stirrers d³, d, which are capable of
revolving by being affixed to the shaft or axis d', which is supported by the
bearings do, so as to be capable of revolving freely, and in its revolution of
causing the arms d³, d', thereof to act upon and effect a thorough admixture
of the matters in the chamber d; motion is obtained to this shaft or axis d³
in the following manner-Upon the shaft or axis b is affixed the bevilled
pinion d', the teeth of which take into the teeth of the bevilled pinion de affixed

page_text: on the shaft or axis, which is supported so as to be capable onf revolving in
the bearings a¹, and upon which is also affixed the bevilled pinion do, the
teeth of which take into the teeth of the bevilled pinion d" affixed on the
shaft or axis d, which is supported so as to be capable of revolving at one
end in one of the bearings a', and at the other end in the bearing a², whilst
there are also affixed upon this shaft the two pinions d¹s and d", which
respectively take into the teeth of the pinions d¹ and d¹ carried by the
shaft d", and either of which is capable of being connected thereto, so as to
cause it to revolve therewith by means of the clutch d¹³, and thereby to
produce a difference of speed to the shaft or axis d¹, and thence to the shaft
or axis d³, according to which of the wheels d or d is clutched with that
shaft d by the teeth of the bevilled pinion d affixed on the axis d, taking
into the teeth of the bevilled pinion d affixed on that shaft or axis d5.
We employ the quick motion for soft materials when first mixing, and slow
motion for tough materials, and when they are mixed or worked up to a
greater consistency. A steam jacket may be applied to the kneading or
mixing vessel d to facilitate the mixing and kneading of lozenges containing
large proportions of extracts of a tough nature.
Although we have only shown one mixing chamber d, there may be two or
inore of them acting in succession to deliver their contents one to the next, and
the last to the chamber f. When thus distributing the process through a
series of these chambers d, the materials may be retained a shorter period in
each. e is a chamber or reservoir, through which the powdered sugar or other
material employed in the chamberd is gradually supplied, as above mentioned.
To facilitate the delivery of the material from the chamber e through the
passage e', the bottom e² thereof is formed as a shoot or conductor, and it has
a slight shaking motion given to it by a projection e³ therefrom resting on the
wheel do. The opening through the passage e¹ may be regulated to the
quantity at any time desired to be delivered by means of a sliding plate, and
the bottom or shoot may be relieved of the shaking motion by raising it with
the projection e off the wheel d" by chain or other suspending means. When
the thorough kneading or mixing of the matters in the chamber d has been
completed, the combined matters are forced therefrom by the action of the
stirrers d³, d', on the withdrawal of the plate d22 through an opening d", which
is otherwise closed, and has its passage regulated by the plate d. The
matters from the chamber d pass into another mixing or kneading chamber f,
where they are acted upon by means of a plunger or beater f¹, which is
operated upon from the main shaft or axis b by the eccentrics f'affixed thereon,
the rims 3 of these eccentrics being formed into arms f*, which are by pin

page_text: joints f connected to the plunger A, and the plunger f¹ is guided in its
up-and-down motion by the stationary guides a³, a³. The sides f, f, of the
chamber are of a curved form, somewhat of the form of an inverted bell on
their inner surfaces, and they are acted upon by springs 18, 18, by which a
certain amount of movement or yielding is permitted to them during the
descent of the plunger f,and when the remaining one-tenth or thereabouts of
powdered sugar or other material has been thoroughly mixed with the other
ingredients these sides f7 may be rigidly held by the application of blocks or
filling pieces between their upper edges and the fixed sides or ends of the
chamber in which they are placed to facilitate the delivery of the contents of
the kneading chamber by means of the action of the plunger f¹ on the with-
drawal of the plate to the cylinders g and h. f 13 are stops to limit the
extent of motion inwards of the sides f. The movement or yielding of the
sides can also be obtained by the application of eccentric or crank motion.
This chamber fis formed with an opening at the lower part which is closed
during the mixing by a plate 10, and this plate is also formed with a slot or
opening f, as is more clearly indicated by the separate view of it at Figure 7,
in order that when this slot is slided over the opening in the bottom of the
chamber fit will act as a gauge to regulate the form of the stream or sheet of
composition as it is forced out of the chamber by the action of the plunger f¹
when the desired mixing or kneading to the mixture or composition therein
has been obtained. z is another chamber for supplying the remaining
powdered sugar or other powder which may be passed therefrom through the
adjustable opening z¹ by the bottom or shoot z², and to facilitate the delivery
by this shoot to the chamber f, we communicate to it an agitated motion by
means of a bar s, extending from the outer end of the shoot z² on to the teeth
of the wheel h, the teeth of which in its rotation give the desired shaking
motion to the shoot z; the other end of the shoot z² is by hinge joint z³
connected to the bottom of one side of the receiver z. The shoot may be
raised from being acted upon by the wheel h' by a chain or other suitable
means. The extent of the opening z is adjustable by the sliding plate ³.
The stream of combined matters when forced from the chamber through the
slit or opening (which may be divided into two or more openings to supply
separate rows of cells when they are far apart) in the plate fo thence passes
between the pair of cylinders or rollers g and h, by which the desired lozenge
form is given to the composition. For this purpose the surface of the roller
or cylinder g is formed with a series of cells or chambers g' corresponding with
the figure of the intended lozenges, and the surface of the roller or cylinder h

page_text: is formed with corresponding projections h¹,adapted as this cylinder revolves
with the cylinder g to force the composition into the cells or chambers g¹ of
the cylinder g. The rotation of these cylinders g and h is obtained from the
main shaft or axis b by the teeth of the wheel h³, affixed on that shaft or axis
taking into the teeth of the intermediate wheel h³, the teeth of which take into
the teeth of the wheel ', affixed on the axis h, to which the cylinder h is
affixed to give motion thereto, as indicated by the red dotted lines in Figures 1
and 2, and upon this axis he is also affixed a pinion, the teeth of which take
into the teeth of another pinion applied to the cylinder g, which is thereby
caused to revolve at the same surface speed as that of the cylinder h. The
cells or chambers g' in the cylinder gare provided with plungers or forcers g²,
which occupy the whole area of the cells, and are capable of a to-and-fro
motion, so as at one time in the revolution of the cylinder g to form the
bottoms of those cells, and by the depth of their outer surfaces from the outer
surface of the cells acting with surfaces to regulate the thickness of lozenge
obtained, and at another part of the revolution of the cylinder g these plungers
act to force the lozenge forms obtained from the cells g'. These movements
to the forcers or plungers g² are obtained in the following manner :-The
cylinder g revolves on the stationary axis ³, and upon this axis is applied the
stationary eccentric g, against which the inner ends of each of the plungers
or forcers g² is forced by small spiral springs g, with a tendency to keep the
forcers inwards except as they are forced outwards by the eccentric g*. In
place of the plungers or forcers being withdrawn by springs, rings embracing
the eccentric may, by connecting links, act to produce the requisite to-and-fro
motions to them, or the to-and-fro motions to the forcers may be obtained by
curved pieces applied at the parts desired. As the composition passes from
the vesself to between the rollers or cylinders gaud h it is powdered with
powdered sugar or other suitable powder. For this purpose we place the
powder to be used in chambers i, i, each of which is provided with a series of
revolving troughs 1, 1, 1, affixed to axis 2, and adapted to receive and at each
partial rotation to throw out a quantity of powder corresponding with the size
of the troughs 1, 1, 1, which may be varied. The powder thus thrown out
falls on to blades ¹ from the axes i, j, and by them it is thrown forwards on to
the composition, and also on to the surfaces of the cylinders g and h. Motion
is obtained to the axis 2 of the series of troughs 1 of the chamber i on one
side by means of a band passing round a pulley on the axis h³ and a
24
pulley on that axis 2, and on the other side motion is obtained to the axis 2
by the band passing round the pulley , and around the pulley 18 on that
28

page_text: other axis 2. Motion is obtained to the axes j, 1, from the main shaft or
axis b by a pulley 2 on that axis or shaft acting upon a gut or band 1³, which
also passes partly around a pulley 4 affixed on one of the axes j, and upon
this axis is also affixed another pulley 15, which by a gut or band jo acts upon
the pulley affixed on the other axis j to give corresponding motion thereto
as desired. j8j8, are surfaces of open wire or other suitable reticulate work,
forming openwork bottoms to the chambers in which the bladesj revolve, and
which are concentric with the cylinders g and h. The object of the reticulate
bottoms to these chambers is more evenly to distribute the powder on the
rollers gand h, and the size of mesh thereto which we chiefly employ is -inch,
but this will vary to the degree of fineness or coarseness of the powder being
used. The form given to the surface of the cylinder g between the cells g¹ and
the projections h¹ of the cylinder h admit of the surplus material freely passing
away to be collected for re-use or otherwise. k, k, are guides projecting down
from the under side of the chamber fto act on the edge of the strip or sheet
of composition passing from that chamber, and insure its correctly passing to
between the cylinders g and h. 1, 1, Figure 8, indicate rollers, which may be
used when desired in making opium or other tough lozenges for lubricating
the composition as it passes from the chamber to the rollers gand h, and
they may be replenished with fresh oil from time to time by sponges arranged
on bars, . m is a roller with a polished surface, which may be used when
required, the axis of which revolves in suitable bearings carried by the main
framing, and which revolves by contact of its surface with the surface of the
composition contained in the cells g', and thereby gives a surface finish to such
material or composition. m² is a plate with its lower edge resting against the
roller m, forming thereby a trough for the supply of powder to the surface of
that roller m. The surfaces of the forcers in the cells of the one roller, and
the parts opposite thereto of the other roller, may be engraved to produce any.
desired device or indication on the lozenges. n is a stationary piece or a blade
of metal or other suitable material, the edge of which acts upon to release the
lozenges from their cells; n', n³, n³, are bars, the surfaces of which are padded
with some soft material, as cotton wool covered with calico, to serve as cleansers,
lubricators, and wipers. The bar n' cleanses the surfaces of the plungers and
cylinder by wiping off any adhering powder or paste. The bar n' is provided
with a small quantity of olive oil, by which it serves as a lubricant, and the
bar n³ wipes any superfluous oil off the edges of the cells g' and their plungers.
o, o, o, are other bars similarly provided for cleansing, lubricating, and
wiping the projecting surfaces of the cylinder h; P, p, are bars, which act

page_text: as doffers or scrapers to remove the superfluous paste from the cylinders g
and h. The formed lozenges delivered from the cells of the cylinder g are
received into a tray close under that cylinder g, and any marked or imperfect
ones removed in the usual way, and the good lozenges dried in the ordinary
manner, as is well understood by practical lozenge makers.
In place of the cells by which the desired lozenge form is given to the com-
position being formed on the surface of a cylinder, we sometimes form them
by perforations or recesses of the desired shape, in or upon a band, or a com-
bination of bands of india-rubber or other suitable elastic substance or
substances. When this band is formed of india-rubber, we prefer to employ
that description of it commonly called vulcanized. An arrangement according
to this part of the improvements is shown by a sectional side view Figure 9,
and a plan view Figure 10, where q represents a band of the flexible material,
with its cells q¹, a portion of which and one of its cells is shown full size at
Figure 11. This band is supported in its passage under the supply trough or
chamber by the rollers 7 and 8, aided by the rollers t, t; the sheet of com-
position, as it issues from the chamber, is received on to the band q as it
travels in the direction of the arrow, and when it comes over the rollers the
projections u¹ on the cylinder u, acting in unison with the cells or recesses in
the band q, act to force composition from the sheet of it into those cells of
the desired lozenge form, and whilst the remainder of such sheet of compo-
sition is, in the further progress of the band q, raised therefrom by the doffer
or scraper v, those portions which remain in the cells of the band are pressed
on by the action of the surface of the roller v¹ to give surface finish to them.
The rollerss and u are geared together to the proper relative surface speed to
insure the outer ends of the projections u¹ working correctly with the cells in
the band g, and the roller s is provided with studs s¹, which pass into the holes
q'in the band q, which are protected by metal eyelets, applied in the ordinary
manner, as is well understood, in order to keep the band, with its cells, cor-
rectly spaced with the projections u¹; u² are grooved rollers, to press the band
q.close down upon the cylinders; i and jare boxes for the supply of powder
to the band gand lozengecomposition thereon, similar to thatalreadyexplained.
To facilitate the releasing of the formed lozenges from these cells, such cells
are, at one part of the traverse of the band q in which they are formed,
slightly stretched. For this purpose the band q is provided with a series of
hooks q attached to its edges, and these hooks are capable of progressively
sliding on to the stationary bars w, w, and of thereby effecting a slight exten-
sion of the width of the band at that part, and a consequent opening of the

page_text: cells therein, whilst at the same time the band is also acted upon to give
extension to the cells in the opposite direction, by means of the blades r¹ from
the revolving shafts x, x, when the composition formed into lozenges will fall
out of the cells into a tray placed close underneath, thence to be removed for
drying. When this band of flexible material is formed of india-rubber, the
surfaces of the cells therein may have increased hardness given to them in the
process of manufacture or vulcanization, or the surfaces of the cells may be
made more rigid by the application of metal or other hard material applied to
them, as indicated by Figures 12 and 13, in which A shows one of these rings
applied to a cell in the band q. This ring is formed in segments 1, 2. When
the cells are formed of or surrounded by hard material, we prefer to form the
projections u of highly vulcanizedindia-rubber, or rims of metal, or other hard
material, may sustain the sides of cells from beneath, as indicated by 3, 8,
Figure 14.
The metallic parts of the above apparatus employed for mixing and knead-
ing are constructed of galvanized irou, so as to prevent the discoloring of the
materials of which the lozenges are composed.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that the descriptions
of lozenges to which our Invention relates are those in which powdered sugar
or other material in powder, with gum or some other tenacious substance or
substances form the base; also that we do not claim as of our Invention the
several and separate parts of the said apparatus, or the exclusive use of the
same, except as herein-after mentioned, and when the same are employed in
and for the manufacture of the descriptious of lozenges above stated; and we
hereby declare that what we claim is as follows:-
First, the adaptation or combination of means and mode of working for the
manufacture of lozenges, as described and illustrated by reference to Figures
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7°, and 8.
Secondly, we claim the arrauging and combining parts forming the mixing
chamber d with the parts acting therewith for the manufacture of lozenges,
substantially as explained.
Thirdly, we claim the arranging and combining parts forming the kneading
or mixing chamber f with the parts acting therewith to knead or mix and
deliver thecomposition in regulated quantity for the manufacture of lozenges,
substantially as explained.
Fourthly, we claim the arranging and combining parts forming the appa-
ratus i and j, the cylinders g and h, and parts acting therewith, for producing
the desired forms of lozenges, substantially as explained.

page_text: Lastly, we claim the forming of the cells or chambers for producing the
desired forms of lozenges, and parts actingtherewith,substantially as explained
in respect of Figures 9, 9*, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14.
In witness whereof, we, the said Samuel Smith and Thomas Smith, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Fourteenth day of June, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
THOMAS SMITH. (L.S.)