IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GRINDING AND RUBBING SURFACES
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Ransome, of Ipswich, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GRINDING AND RUBBING SURFACES."
Sealed the 10th June 1859, and dated the 22nd December 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Ransome at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents with his Petition, on the 22nd
December 1858.
I, FREDERICK RANSOME, of Ipswich, do hereby declare the nature of the
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GRINDING AND RUBBING
SURFACES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of
grinding and rubbing surfaces, and consists in combining ground glass or
.emery with soluble, or easily fusible silicates, with or without other matters.
The ground glass or emery is, by preference, mixed with the soluble silicate
and other matters, (if used) .and moulded or shaped into the form of rubbing
or grinding surface desired, and when dry, the moulded article is subjected to
a bright red heat, though some articles do not require so bigh a temperature,
or to be fired at all.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederick Ransome in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
21st June 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
RANSOME, of Ipswich, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Frederick Ransome, Her special licence that I, the
said Frederick Ransome, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Frederick Ransome, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully. might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GRINDING AND
RUBBING SURFACES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Frederick Ransome, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick Ransome, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of
grinding and rubbing surfaces, and consists in combining ground glass or
emery with soluble or easily fusible silicates with or without other matters.
The ground glass or emery is, by preference, mixed with the soluble silicate
and other matters (if used) and moulded or shaped into the form of rubbing
or grinding surface desired, and when dry, the moulded article is subjected to
a bright red heat, though some articles do not require so high a tempera-
ture, or to be fired at all.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same. The glass and emery

page_text: employed in carrying out the Invention is usually separated by sieves into like
degrees of fineness or coarseness, and the same is used more or less fine,
according to the purpose to which the article is to be applied.
In making
a grinding or rubbing surface with either glass or emery, or of those matters
combined, it, or they, is or are mixed with a solution of soluble silicate (either
silicate of soda or potash) and made up into a plastic state, so that the same
may be moulded into the form of grinding or rubbing surface desired. A
small quantity of clay may be used when it is desired to get plasticity with a
less use of the soluble silicate. The plastic compound having been moulded
to the desired form, and well dried, it is then subjected to heat, generally to a
bright red heat; care, however, is to be observed that the heat which is used
for rendering the soluble silicate insoluble, should not be raised so high as to
run or flux the glass. Sand may be used in combination with the emery or
glass, or with a mixture of both, and be combined with soluble silicate. The
quantity of glass or of emery used with a given quantity of soluble silicate may
be greatly varied so long as the compound is capable of being made up into a
plastic state and moulded into the form desired, and the quantity used depends
on the nature of the grinding or rubbing surface desired to be produced. It
is not essential in all cases to subject the moulded surfaces to high tempera-
tures, as such surfaces may be rendered suitable for being used in a dry state
by dipping them into a solution of chloride of calcium, or other chemical, to
render the soluble silicate less soluble. What I claim is, the combining glass
or emery, or both, with a soluble silicate or soluble silicates, with or without
other matters, in the manufacture of grinding and rubbing surfaces, as
herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Ransome, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of June in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
FRED RANSOME. (L.S.).