IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR REELING SILK, COTTON, OR OTHER FIBROUS THREADS IN THE FORM OF SKEINS
Year: 1865

page_text: TERS P
το
Chester, Machinist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR REELING SILK, COTTON, OR OTHER FIBROUS THREADS IN
THE FORM OF SKEINS."
Sealed the 27th April 1866, and dated the 2nd November 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Enoch Rushton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd November 1865.
I, ENOCH RUSHTON, of Macclesfield, in the County of Chester,
Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR REELING SILK, COTTON, OR
OTHER FIBROUS THREADS IN THE FORM OF SKEINS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the machine commonly known as the reel, and
consists of a self-acting guider and count and stop motions, which guide
the silk or thread upon a reel to any required length in the form of a
skein, and when one skein is run to the required length it changes and
lays another skein alongside the former one, and when the number of
skeins are filled upon the reel, and the last one the required length, the
machine stops, thereby securing accuracy of length without the constant
personal attention of workmen. I place a lunated disc on the index
wheel, which is driven from the reel or counter shaft for the purpose of
working an indented and spiral-grooved cylinder attached to the guider

page_text: motion in order to make the skeins of exact length and lay them side by
side until the reel is full. FI attach a scroll or wormed disc to the in-
dented and spiral-grooved cylinder, by which I effect a communication
with the driving power for the immediate stoppage of the mill or machine
when the required number of skeins are wound on the reel. I accom-
plish this by applying a lever on a circular inclined plane, rotating with
the drum or driving power, which is acted upon by a drop-lift connected
with the wormed disc or scroll already described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Enoch Rushton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
2nd May 1866:
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ENOCH
RUSHTON, of Macclesfield, in the County of Chester, Machinist, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Patent, bearing date the Second day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Enoch Rushton, Her special license, that I, the
said Enoch Rushton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Enoch Rushton, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
REELING SILK, COTTON, OR OTHER FIBROUS THREADS IN THE FORX OF
SKEINS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Enoch
Rushton, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Enoch Rushton, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is

page_text: to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement (that is to say):-
This Invention relates to the machine commonly known as the reel,
and consists of a self-acting guider and count and stop motions, which
guides the silk or thread upon a reel to any required length in the form
of a skein, and when one skein or set of skeins are run to the required
length the guider changes, and lays another skein or set of skeins along-
side the former one, and when that skein or set of skeins are run on the
reel the guider again changes and another skein or set of skeins are
run on, and when the number of skeins are filled upon the reel, and the
last one or set the required length, the machine stops, thereby securing
the accuracy of length without the constant personal attention of work-
people. I place a lunated or scroll disc on the index wheel, which is
driven from the reel or counter shaft for the purpose of working an in-
dented and toothed cylinder attached to the guider motion in order to
make the skeins of exact length and lay them side by side until the reel
is full. I attach a double scroll or wormed disc to the shaft of the
indented and toothed cylinder, by which I effect a communication with
the driving power for the purpose of stopping the mill or machine when
the required number of skeins is wound on the reel. I accomplish this
by employing a lever in connection with a circular inclined plane, or
spiral grooves rotating with the drum or driving power, which lever_is
acted upon by a drop-latch in communication with the double scroll or
wormed disc already described.
These improvements will be clearly understood by the following
particular description thereof, reference being had to the figures and
letters on the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings, in which Figs. 1
and 2 are end and front elevations, and Fig. 3 a plan, all drawn about
half size of my improved machinery or apparatus for reeling silk, cotton,
or other fibrous threads in the form of skeins. Fig. 4, a front elevation
of the stopping apparatus drawn about one-quarter size, and Figs.
5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 are detached views of parts of the improvements drawn
about full size.
In Figs. 1 and 2 a represents one of the ordinary reels on which the
skeins are wound; b, the shaft to which the reel is fixed; c, the bearings
for the shaft; d, the brackets of which the bearings form part, or to
which they are attached; e, the framework to which the brackets are
fixed; and f, Figs. 1, 2, and 3, the guider rail for guiding the threads.

page_text: In Fig. 4, 9 represents one of the mill drums from which revolving
motion is given to the bobbins; and part of the drum shaft.
My improved guider, count, and stop motions are carried on the
frame i, Figs. 1, 2, and 3, fixed to the framework e, the sliding bar
which works the guider rail being shewn at k, the index wheel at 1,
and the driving shaft at m, the said shaft communicating with the reel
shaft by the bevil gearing n, or by skew gearing or by bevil or skew
gearing from a counter shaft. To the lower end of the shaft m is fixed
the spur wheel o, gearing into the spur wheel p, having a crank pin
placed in a slot in the plate q, which works in parallel guides, and carries
and the standards r, the sliding bar k, and also the indented and toothed
cylinder s, shewn enlarged in Figs. 5, 6, and 7. To the upper part of
the shaft m is fixed the worm t, gearing into the toothed wheel u on
one end of the shatt v, the other end of which carries the worm w,
gearing into the teeth of the index wheel 1, the toothed wheel u being
changed for one of more or less teeth according to the count required
and to the shaft m is fixed the disc wheel x, having a notch or opening y
in the rim. The indentations 2, Figs. 5 and 6, in the cylinders are so
shaped as to cause their boundaries to form a flange and projections,
and in the sliding bar k, Figs. 1, 2, and 3 there is a jointed catch a¹
which comes in contact with the flange and projections when required,
the sliding bar communicating with the guider rail ƒ by means of the
rod c' and lever d', Fig. 3. On the index wheel there is a lunated or
scroll disc e', having in its periphery a groove in which is placed the end
of a lever f¹ fixed to the rod g¹, which is held in bearings fixed to the
frame i. At the other end of the rod there is a lever catch h¹ for acting
in connection with the disc wheel x, and between these two levers there
is a weighted jointed catch k', for coming in contact with one of the
teeth, Figs. 5 and 7 of the cylinder, and partly turning the cylinder.
On the shaft of the cylinder there is a double scroll or wormed disc m'
with which one end n' of a weighted trigger is in contact, there being
two releasing spaces in the disc for releasing the trigger when re-
quired. Another part of the trigger is jointed to one arm o' of a double
lever working on a pin or fulcrum fixed to the framework, the other
arm p of the lever being connected by a wire q', to a drop latch r¹, s¹,
Fig. 4, working loose on a pin fixed to the framework. The mill drum
g, Fig. 4, is loose on the drum shaft h, and to the top of the drum is
fixed a flange t' and barrel u¹, and on the under side of the drum is fixed
another flange v³, below which there is a catch w¹ fixed to the drum shaft.

page_text: On the top flange is fixed the box x', having internal worms or spiral.
grooves y', as seen in the detached section, Fig. 9, and through the
centre of the box is placed the shaft 2', having a cross pin a³ with its.
ends in the grooves. The said shaft extends through the drum and is
in contact with the catch w¹, unless prevented, and to the top of the
shaft is fixed the lever 62, of such length that it can come in contact with
and be held by the weighted arm s' of the drop latch when required to
stop the machine. The indented and toothed cylinder shewn in Figs. 5,
6, and 7 has four projections, and a flange adapted for laying side by
side three skeins or three sets of skeins on one or more reels with half
the revolution of the cylinder, but the number of projections may be
varied according to the number of skeins required to be laid side by
side on the reel. On the barrel of the mill drum there is a toothed
wheel, and on the reel shaft another toothed wheel, both communicating
with each other by means of intermediate gearing so that both drum
and reel can be turned and stopped simultaneously. The drum shaft is
constantly revolving during the working hours, and when the lever b
is not held by the arm s' the bottom of the shaft z' is in contact with the
catch w', so that the catch in turning with the drum shaft causes the
drum g, barrel u', and lever b to revolve with it and thereby cause the
bobbins and reel to revolve and put in motion the guiding, counting,
and stopping machinery. The reel shaft 6 by means of skew or bevil
wheels turns the shaft m, which by means of the worm t and change
wheels u turns the shaft and worm w, and gives a slow revolving motion
to the index wheel 1, and at the same time the spur wheel o turns the
spur wheel p, which by means of the crank pin gives reciprocating
motion to the plate q, standards r, cylinders s, and sliding bar k, and
also to the guider rail f in front of the reel, and when the first skein or
set of skeins are being wound on the reel the catch a¹ of the sliding
bar is held by one of the top projections * of the cylinder, Figs. 5. and 6.
At the commencement of operations the end of the lever f' is nearest"
to the centre of the index wheel 1, but as the wheel and scroll disc
revolve the lever is gradually moved from the centre so as to shift the
rod g' and place the lever catch h' outside the rim of the disc wheel x,
and the catch k¹ outside the teeth of the cylinder. The disc wheel x
is adjusted and fixed SO that when one skein or set of
skeins is wound on the reel the notch y shall release the
lever catch h¹, and allow the strong spring & to pull back
the rod g' and cause the catch to act on one of the teeth "

page_text: and partly turn the cylinder in order to allow the spring e to shift the
sliding bar from the first to the second projection, Figs. 5 and 6,
and at the same time give corresponding motion to the guider rail f
which now moves to and fro in its changed position for guiding the
threads of the second skein or set of skeins, and I desire it to be under-
stood that the disc and notch are so adjusted as to enable the guider
rail to be changed and the machine stopped when one particular part
or arm of the rail is at the front. When the rod g' is pulled back by
the spring d the end of the lever f' is again in contact with the shortest
radius of the scroll disc e', but as the disc revolves the said lever f
and rod g' are again pushed out until the lever catch h¹ is again outside
the rim of the disc wheel x, and when the second skein or set of skeins
are wound on the catch is released by the notch y and the rod pulled
back so as to cause the catch k¹ to act upon another tooth l, and turn
the cylinder a short distance to enable the catch a' of the sliding bar
to escape from the second projection a³, Figs. 5 and 6, and arrive at the
flange, by means of the spring e, and thus shift the sliding bar and
guider rail to the proper position for the third skein or set of skeins,
and as these are being wound on the reel the rod g' and parts connected
with it are being pushed out as before described. When the third skein
or set of skeins are wound on, the lever catch h' again passes through
the notch y, and the catch k¹ again comes in contact with a tooth
and partly turns the cylinder, but this time it is for the purpose of
turning the double scroll or wormed disc m' at the end of the cylinder,
so as to allow one of the releasing spaces f*, Fig. 8, to release the end n¹
of the trigger. When the end of the trigger is in contact with the scroll
part of the disc m' the arm p' holds the wire q', and keeps the weighted
ends' of the drop. latch in its highest position out of the way of the
revolving lever 6, but the instant the trigger is released the said
weighted end falls on the stop g³, and prevents the lever 6 from re-
volving, the effect of which is that the cross pin a³, Fig. 9, rises in the
spiral grooves in the box x', and raises the bottom of the shaft 2', Fig. 4,
out of contact with the catch w¹, and thus stops the mill drum g, the
barrel u, and the machinery in connection with it. The cylinder, Figs.
5, 6, and 7 has a flange and four projections and six teeth for enabling
three changes to be made with half a revolution of the cylinder, and
the next three changes by the revolution of the next half of the cylinder,
and the double scroll or wormed disc m' is divided into two parts, so
that at the termination of each half revolution the trigger shall be re-

page_text: leased. Thus several skeins can be wound side by side on the reel by
self-acting arrangements, and after the operation of winding is com-
pleted the skeins are removed and fresh threads placed on the reel.
The guider rail f is now returned to its first position by pushing back the
sliding bar k, and allowing the catch a' to be held by the other top pro-
jection of the cylinder. The trigger is lowered and placed in con-
tact with the second scroll at the end of the cylinder shaft, the effect
of which is to raise the weighted arm s' of the drop latch and maintain
it so until the trigger is again released. As the weighted arm is raised
the lever b² is released, and all that is required to put the mill in motion
is to turn the lever b³ to cause the cross pin a³ to descend in the spiral
grooves and place the bottom of the shaft in contact with the catch w'
on the revolving drum shaft h, and then the operations before described
are again commenced.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be
understood that in machinery or apparatus for reeling silk, cotton, or
other fibrous threads in the form of skeins I claim,-
First. The parts for causing the self-acting changes of the guider
motion such as the lunated or scroll disc e', the rod g', the lever f¹, the
catch k', and the indented and toothed cylinder.
Secondly. The catch lever h' and disc wheel x with its notch or
opening y for enabling the guider rail to be changed and the machine
stopped when one particular arm of the reel is at the front. And,
Thirdly. The scroll or wormed disc m² on the cylinder shaft, the
trigger n', the double lever o', p', the drop latch r¹, s¹, and the worm
box x', shaft z', and lever b², for stopping the machine at the instant re-
quired, as all such improvements are herein described and illustrated
on the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Enoch Rushton, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Enoch Rushton in
the presence of
E. J. HUGHES,
ENOCH RUSHTON. (L.s.)
Patent Agent,
Manchester.