IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF YARNS FOR PACKING PURPOSES
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ephraim Yeo, of Newton Abbot, in the County of Devon,
Rope Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT
OF YARNS FOR PACKING PURPOSES."
ealed the 22nd Angust 1876, and dated the 7th April 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ephraim Yeo at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th April 1876.
EPHRAIM YEO, of Newton Abbot, in the County of Devon, Rope Manufacturer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF YARNS FOR PACKING PURPOSES."
The improvements consist in treating yarn by boiling it in a mixture of black
lead, French chalk, tallow, oil or grease, and Lustleigh shining ore, and twisting
said yarn in strands of equal size, drawing said strands through a tube, and placing
one of said strands in the centre as a core and encircling it by the others, so that in
the event of the packing thus formed becoming twisted the reverse way the core
thereof may serve as a guide to keep in proper order the encircling lubricated
strands.
The improvements can be performed by using yarn spun from fine dressed long
Rhine hemp, and boiling it in a mixture of about the following proportions, viz., one
hundredweight of grease, oil, or tallow, fourteen pounds of French chalk, fourteen
pounds of black lead, and seven pounds of ore thoroughly mixed; the strands can
be formed and twisted, then passed through a tube or tubes of the ordinary kind.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Ephraim Yeo in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th October
1876.
EPHRAIM YEO, of Newton Abbot, in the County of Devon, Rope Manufacturer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF YARNS FOR PACKING PURPOSES."
The improvements consist,-
Istly. In twisting several threads of yarn together into hardened yarn, and
boiling it in a mixture of black lead, French chalk, tallow, oil or grease, paraffin
with Japan wax, and Lustleigh shining ore, singly or in any combination.
[Price 20.1

page_text: And, 2ndly. In twisting said yarn into strands of equal size laid into soft rope
with a heart in the centre.
3rdly. In drawing said strands through a tube so as to unite them into a peculiar
form of rope or coil suitable for packing pistons, etc.
The peculiarity of manufacture consists in placing one of said strands in the
centre as a core and encircling it with the others, so that should the packing thus
formed become twisted the reverse way while in use, as a packing the core thereof
will serve as a guide to keep the encircling lubricated strands in their relative
positions.
The improvements can be performed by using yarn spun from fine dressed long
Rhine hemp, and boiling it in a mixture of about the following proportions, viz.,
sixteen parts by weight of grease, oil, or tallow, two parts by weight of French
chalk, and two parts by weight of black lead, and one part by weight of ore
thoroughly mixed. The strands after treatment may then be formed, twisted, and
laid; the operation being concluded by passing the through a tube or tubes of the
ordinary kind.
The following is also a convenient formula-Take one part each of oil, tallow,
grease, paraffin, and Japan wax, boil these five elements together, then add one part
of ground French chalk, mix and continue the boiling; a suitable quantity of yarn
is then boiled in the mixture for a certain time, it is afterwards drawn through a
press or machine so adjusted that after drawing the yarn shall retain about twenty-
five per cent of the mixture; thus three parts by weight of yarn and one part
by weight of mixture constitute one part of my improved packing. I do not
however restrict myself to the use of the above proportions which may be modified
to suit the different conditions under which packing commonly called piston packing
is used in machinery.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ephraim Yeo, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Thirtieth day of September, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-six.
EPHRAIM YEO. (L.S.) 3