CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF STOVES AND FIRE-PLACES
Year: 1844

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
SYSON CUNDY, of Cutler Street, Houndsditch, in the City of London, Builder,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Third day of July, in the eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself,
Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Thomas Syson
Cundy, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that
I, the said Thomas Syson Cundy, my exors, adñors, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Thomas Syson Cundy, my exors, admors, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick
upon Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
AND ARRANGEMENT OF STOVES AND FIRE-PLACES;" in which said Letters Patent
is contained a proviso that I, the said Thomas Syson Cundy, shall cause a
particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court
of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being
thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the
said Thomas Syson Cundy, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference being
had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say:-
Figure 1 represents the front view of a register stove, constructed and
arranged according to the first part of my said improvements. Figure 2 is a
vertical section through the middle of the same from back to front; and
Figure 3 is a plan on the line a, b, of Figure 2; the same letters refer to
similar parts in each. A, A, are hot air chambers, and B a cold air flue. C
is the back of the fire-place, formed of a Welch Jump or of fire-brick, through
which the hot air circulates; D is the cast iron lining of the fire-grate; E the
front of the grate; F are register plates, one on each side of the fire-place, to
admit hot air into the chimney; G is a hot air blower to fire, opened or shut
at pleasure by a throttle valve; H are openings on each side of the Welch
lump or fire-bricks, to allow the heated air to pass out into the hot air spaces A,
at the sides of the stove; I is the hearth of cast iron, stone, or other suitable
material, under which the cold air flue B passes; J is a close fitting register,
which closes the lower orifice of the chimney in an almost air-tight manner
when the stove is not in use, thereby preventing the unpleasant smell arising
from the entrance of downward currents of air into the apartment from the
chimney. The action of this stove may be briefly described as follows:-A con-
stant supply of external cold air being brought from any convenient source is
led through the cold air flue B into the heated passages and chambers A, pass-
ing up into and through the Welch lumps or fire-bricks C, which form the back
of the fire-place; from thence the heated air passes out right and left at the
sides into the uppermost hot air spaces, and escapes into the chimney through
the regulating plates F, the quantity of air passing through them being regu-
lated to suit the particular requirements of the chimney, so as to ensure a
thorough draft therein by admitting such a portion of rarefied air into the
chimney, above the ordinary register, as will effectually overcome any downward
draught or tendency to smoke from other causes. Figure 4 is a front elevation
of a ventilating hot air stove, constructed according to the second part of my
said improvements. Figure 5 is a vertical front section, and Figure 6 a side
section of the same; Figure 7 is a plan on the line a, b; A¹, A¹, are hot air
chambers surrounding the stove and communicating with earthenware tubes a¹,
which pass through the Welch lump or fire-brick D'; B' is a cold air flue com-
municating with the external atmosphere; C¹ is a drawer through which the

page_text: cold air enters the stove, the bottom of the drawer being composed of wire guaze.
In this drawer sweet-scented herbs or other perfumes may be placed at
pleasure; E is the flue through which the smoke and other products of com-
bustion pass off into a chimney; F' is the cast iron lining to fire-place; G¹
the grating; H the front of fire-grate; and I' the ash-pan. J¹ is a regu-
lating plate at the top of the stove for the purpose of increasing or diminishing
the quantity of hot air admitted into the apartment. From the construction
and arrangement of this stove, a constant supply of external cold air enters by
means of the cold air flue B', which air may be scented or not at pleasure; this
air passes round between the Welch lumps and the external casing of the stove,
and also through the earthenware tubes a¹ inserted into the Welch lumps,
placed immediately at the back of, and also above the fire-place, as clearly
shewn in Figure 6. By this means the air becomes considerably heated, and
passing upward escapes through the regulating plate J¹ into the appartment,
to the top of which it immediately ascends, displacing the colder air, which
falls down and enters the fire-place of the stove, and after assisting in the com-
bustion of the fuel, escapes through the flue. The action of this stove, therefore,
combines in a novel manner three important advantages, videlicet:-The com-
fort and warmth of an open fire-place, the introduction of a constant and
uniform supply of warm and fragrant air to the apartment, with a perfect
system of ventilation, the cold and vitiated air of the apartment being carried
off by the action of the fire, as fast as fresh warm air is admitted. Figure 8 is
a front elevation of an hydraulic ventilating hot air stove, constructed according
to the third part of my said improvements. Figure 9 is a front section; Figure
10 a side section; and Figure 11, a plan of the same on the line a, b. The
action and properties of this stove are similar to those of the preceding one, the
principal difference being that water is in this stove employed as the medium
for heating the air in lieu of the Weich lumps or fire-bricks. A, A, are the hot
air chambers; B the cold air flue; C² drawer with wire guaze bottom for
sweet-scented herbs; and D the smoke flue leading into the chimney; E is
the open fire-place, and F the ash-pit; G is a funnel (fitted with a spherical
valve to confine the vapour) through which water is introduced into the water
spaces or cistern H²; P is the cast iron lining to fire-place; J the register
plate for regulating the admission of hot air into the apartment; K² are
passages connecting the upper and lower hot air chambers. Figure 12 is an
external elevation of an hydraulic hot air gas stove, constructed according to
the fourth part of my said improvements, and possessing similar properties and
advantages to the two last described Inventions as regards the diffusion, but
differing from them as to the nature of the fuel employed for the production of

page_text: heat. Figure 13 is a vertical section of Figure 12.. Figure 14 being a plan
on the line a, b; and Figure 15 a similar plan taken lower down, videlicet on
the line c, d. A,3A3, are hot air chambers around and within the water cistern;
B, passages through which the air passes from the lower to the upper chambers;
C³, a drawer with wire gauze bottom; D³, the water. cistern; E³ is. a flue or
pipe to carry off the products of combustion, and may be used or not according
to the conveniences of the apartinent wherein the stove is to be fixed when the
flue E³ is used, the stove is a perfect ventilating hot air gas stove; but if the
flue is inadmissible, the stove is non-ventilating, like ordinary gas stoves; F³ is
a furnace or chamber in which diluted coal gas is burned as it rises above the
wire guaze shield G which can be' raised or lowered by means of the screwed
stem g; H³ is a perforated metal ring or burner connected with the gas pipe
13, and furnished at any convenient part with a stop-cock, to regulate the supply
of gas; J, the cold air..flue,. opening. under the drawer C; K³ is a door for
lighting the diluted gas; L³, a register plate to control the admission of hot air;
and M³, a funnel for the introduction of water, furnished with a spherical or
other valve to confine the vapour. Note, that in both these hydraulic stoves
the water surface and the supply of fuel are to be so proportioned to each other
as that the water shall not be heated to more than about 150° to 180° of
Fahrenheits scale, and, therefore, shall not discharge steam into the apartment;
pipes may be attached to these stoves to lead the hot water into and warm
other apartments besides that in which the stove is placed (if desired) in the
usual manner. What I claim as new, and of my Invention, in the construction
and arrangement of stoves. and fire-places, and secured to me by the before
recited Letters. Patent is, firstly, the construction and arrangement of register
stoves in the manner and for the purpose herein-before described, and shown in
the Drawings marked with the Figures 1, 2, and 3. Secondly, I claim the con-
struction and arrangement of ventilating hot air stoves as herein-before described,
and shewn in the Drawings marked with the Figures 4, 5, 6, 7. Thirdly,..
I claim the construction and arrangement of hydraulic ventilating hot air stoves
as herein-before described, and shewn in the Drawings marked with the Figures
8, 9, 10, and 11. Fourthly, I claim the construction and arrangement of
hydraulic hot air gas stoves as herein-before described, and shewn in the
Drawings marked with the Figure 12, 13, 14, and 15.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Syson Cundy have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Second day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-five.
THOMAS SYSON (L.S.) CUNDY.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Second day of January, in the
year of our Lord 1845, the aforesaid Thomas Syson Cundy came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Second day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-five.