IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRO-MAGNETIC MOTORS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edwin Leicues Paine, of Newark, in the State
of New Jersey, United States of America, and Lyle Nelson, of the
City and State of New York, in the United States of America,
aforesaid, but both temporarily residing in Cecil Street, Strand, in
the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ELECTRO-MAGNETIC MOTORS."-A communication from abroad by
Henry Munroe Paine, of Newark, in the State of New Jersey,
United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edwin Leicues Paine
and Lyle Nelson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 26th November 1875.
We, EDWIN LEICUES PAINE, of Newark, in the State of New Jersey,
United States of America, and LYLE NELSON, of the City and State of
New York, in the United States of America, aforesaid, but both
temporarily residing in Cecil Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN ELECTRO-MAGNETIC MOTORS," (a communication to us from abroad by

page_text: Henry Munroe Paine, of Newark, in the State of New Jersey, United
States of America), to be as follows:—
This Invention of improvements in electro-magnetic motors relates to
means for making and breaking contact in rotatory electro-magnetic
apparatus, between the one terminal of the battery and the rotating
commutator carried by the axis of the electro-magnets and forming the
other terminal of the battery.
The rotating terminal or commutator is a compound terminal which
is constructed as follows:-Around the axis or shaft carrying the
electro-magnets, which shaft is made hollow and of non-conducting
material, we arrange a number of metal rings insulated from each other.
The number of rings corresponds to the number of electro-magnets;
each ring is connected by a screw and a wire passing through the hollow
shaft with the coil of the corresponding magnet. Around the outer
peripheries of the rings we arrange a number of metal plates or bars
parallel with the axis of the shaft. These plates or bars are connected
in sets to the rings. The plates or bars of each ring are equidistant one
from another around the circumference of the shaft, so that between
every two plates of one ring the plates of another ring or other rings
intervene.
The plates or bars of each ring are insulated from the other rings and
their plates or bars.
It has heretofore been usual in electro-magnetic motors constructed
with compound terminals or commutators to make the other terminal
with a narrow edge arranged to bear against the periphery of the com-
pound terminal, thus forming a single point or line of contact between
the two terminals through which the entire quantity of electricity has
to pass.
With powerful machines so constructed we have found that with this
arrangement serious injury results to the terminals in consequence of
the intense heat. To obviate this serious objection we interpose between
the compound terminal herein-before described and the other terminal,
a bridge-shaped metal shoe having in electrical connection with each
other, and with the single terminal two bearing parts or edges the same
distance apart as the plates or bars of each ring of the compound
terminal are from each other, so that this shoe when in position will

page_text: bear against two of the plates or bars at a time, thus transferring the
electricity from one terminal to the other at two points or lines of
contact instead of at one only. By this arrangement also as the con-
nection between the plates or bars of the ring connected with the coil
of one magnet is being gradually cut off the connection with the plates
or bars of the ring of the succeeding magnet in the series will be
gradually made.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edwin Leicues Paine and Lyle Nelson in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 26th May 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, EDWIN
LEICUES PAINE, of Newark, in the State of New Jersey, United States
of America, and LYLE NELSON, of the City and State of New York, in
the United States of America, aforesaid, but both lately and the said
Lyle Nelson, at present temporarily residing in Cecil Street, Strand, in
the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said Edwin Leicues Paine and Lyle
Nelson, Her special license that we, the said Edwin Leicues Paine and
Lyle Nelson, executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as we, the said Edwin Leicues Paine and Lyle Nelson, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ELECTRO-MAGNETIC MOTORS," (a communication to us from abroad by Henry
Munroe Paine, of Newark, in the State of New Jersey, United States of
America,) upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Edwin
Leicues Paine and Lyle Nelson, our executors or administrators, by an

page_text: це со от CHIC
and a wire a passing through the noшow start a WICH
corresponding magnet. Around the outer peripheries of the rings c, c³,
c³, c³, c³, we arrange a number of metal plates or bars e, e¹, e², e³, eª,
(Figs. 4, 5, and 6), parallel with the axis of the shaft a.
These plates
or bars e are connected in sets to the rings. The plates or bars of each
ring are equidistant one from another around the circumference of
the shaft a, so that between every two plates of one ring the plates of
another ring or other rings intervene.
The plates or bars of each ring are insulated from the other rings and
their plates or bars.
It has heretofore been usual in electro-magnetic motors constructed
with compound terminals or commutators to make the other terminal
with a narrow edge arranged to bear against the periphery of the com-
pound terminal, thus forming a single point or line of contact between
the two terminals through which the entire quantity of electricity has
to pass.
With powerful machines so constructed we have found that with this
arrangement serious injury results to the terminals in consequence of
the intense heat. To obviate this serious objection we interpose between
the compound terminal herein-before described, and the other terminal
a bridge-shaped metal shoe f (Fig. 4), having in electrical connection
with each other, and with the single terminal two bearing parts or edges
ff, the same distance apart as the plates or bars of each ring (Figs. 5
and 6) of the compound terminal are from each other, so that this shoe f
when in position will bear against two of the plates or bars at a time,
thus transferring the electricity from one terminal to the other at two
points or lines of contact instead of at one only. By this arrangement
also as the connection between the plates or bars of the ring connected
with the coil of one magnet is being gradually cut off the connection
with the plates or bars of the ring of the succeeding magnet in the
series will be gradually made.
In large motors more than one shoe may be used.
Instead of the shoe touching only two plates it may be constructed to
touch three or more, thus proportionately increasing the number of
points at which electricity will be simultaneously transferred from one
terminal to the other.
Having described the nature of the said Invention and explained the

page_text: manner of carrying it into practical effect, we desire to point out that
the engine represented in the accompanying Drawings resembles in
many respects the motor described in the Specification of Letters Patent,
No. 2049, granted the 3rd day of June, 1875, to one of us (the above
named Lyle Nelson), and Isaac Edward Anderson, but what we consider
to be novel and original and therefore claim as the present Invention
secured to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the
method substantially as herein shewn and described of transferring by
means of a shoe or shoes the electricity from one terminal to the other.
In witness whereof, I, the said Lyle Nelson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.