AN IMPROVEMENT ON CARRIAGE LAMPS
Year: 1824

page_text: BLACK'S SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, BENJAMIN
BLACK, of South Molton Street, in the Parish of Saint George Hanover
Square, in the County of Middlesex, Lamp Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-fifth day of May, in the fifth year of His reign, did, for
Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Benjamin
Black, His especial licence that I, the said Benjamin Black, my exors, admors,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Benjamin Black, my exors,
admors, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and
the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT ON
CARRIAGE LAMPS;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso
obliging me, the said Benjamin Black, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the
same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part
recited Letters Patent, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at
large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Benjamin Black, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described

page_text: and ascertained in the following description thereof, reference being had to
the Drawing hereunto annexed (that is to say):-
My Invention is for the additional quantity of light by application of burner
with circular wick, and reflector concaved to a semicircle or parbollic line;
that I claim nothing that has been used in carriage lamps before.
No. 2 is a caso or back and side that No. 3 fits into, with a rim at the
bottom along the two front edges, with two hasps on the top that fastens to
catches on the top of body No. 3. In the bottom are air holes, and in the
centre is a round rim with a cover which communicates with the barrell part,
for the purpose of containing a spare glass. On the inside of the cover is a
worm spring with a round piece fixed to the bottom, the same size as the large
end of the glass, No. 16, that when the glass is placed in with the large part
upwards, and the cover shut down, the spring takes a pressure on the glass,
and prevents it shifting or making a noise, the cover being fastened by a small
turn-buckle. No. 3 is the inside that contains the burner, having two doors
which can be opened when fixed to No. 2, the case No. 2 being made narrower
than No. 3 excepting the bottom. At the top are four catches that receives
the hasps on the top of No. 2, that No. 3 may be turned with the glasses
inside or out. In the bottom of body and at the bottom of 1 door are
air holes. On the inside of bottom are two grooves that the pan of burner
slides into, and at the back part is a small hasp that fastens to latch on pan
No. 17, to prevent it shifting. No. 4 is the burner, the front part of which is
round. In the center is a wormed tube, No. 6, which has a screwed end which
No. 12 is fixed to, and is open at both ends. No. 7 is a round tube which the
cotton is placed on, the upper part being made rough to prevent the cotton
slipping of. On the inside is a small pin that enters the worm groove in
No. 6. On the outsido also is a small pin that enters the slit in No. 8.
No. 8 is a round tube made larger than No. 7, with a collar on the top part to
fit the inside of No. 9, with two pins projecting outwards that rest on the top of
No. 9. At the bottom on the inside is a small wire fastened that fits the wormed
tube No. 6. No. 9 is a round tube larger than No. 8, which is fixed to the
bottom of No. 6, with a hole in the side to convey the oil to the wick, and by
placing No. 8 over No. 6, and No. 7 between the two, and the inside pin in the
groove of No. 6, and the outside pin in slit of No. 8, by turning No.8 round No.7
is worked up or down. No. 10 is a round tube, larger than No. 9, with the bottom
part larger than the top, and open at both ends, to convey the oil that may flow
over into the cup No. 12. No. 11 is a screwed pin and bracket that is fixed
in front of No. 10, and enter a small groove at bottom of No. 13, to prevent
it shifting round. No. 12 is a round cup, with air holes in the upper part,
which screws on to the end of No. 6. In the bottom is a small hole and

page_text: tube that enters the pan No. 17. On the inside at the bottom is a small
grating to prevent the dirt entering the pan No. 17, that the oil so collected
may be again applied to the use of the burner. In front is a small latch that
receives the hasp at the end of No. 17. The body or square part of No. 4
receives No. 5, with air hole in front. At the bottom, between the round
and square part, is a conveyance tube, and in the center is a stopcock to
prevent the oil escaping when not lighted. No. 5 is to contain the oil, with
a plug or valve at the bottom that moves up or down, that when filled
with oil and turned down for the purpose of being placed into the body of
No. 4, the plug falls down and prevents the oil escaping; but when placed
into its situation the plug is moved up by the wire touching the bottom of
No. 4, the oil then flows to supply the wick. At the front is a small groovo
that communicates with the hole in front of No. 4, to give vent to air. At
the top is a small handle made with a joint at the bottom, with the end turned
down to fit over the top edge of No. 4, by which means No. 5 is prevented
moving out of its place. No. 18 is the glass holder, the top part being
notched to receive the pins of No. 8, with air holes in the side, and a rim the
edge of which receives the glass No. 16. On the outside of the rim are
two small pins projecting outwards. At the bottom is a small groove that
receives the point of the screwed pin No. 11. No. 14 is a ring, with a small
shoulder on the top part projecting inwards. The outside part fits over the
rim of No. 18, with notches that receives the pins fixed on the outside of
No. 13. On the inside of rim are small springs that when the glass No. 16
is placed over the wires of No. 18, and the ring over the glass, and the
notches and pins placed together, by pressing the rim downwards the springs
take a pressure on the brim of the glass, and by turning it a little round
the glass is made secure. No. 15 is a round reflector, with a strap in the
back part that fits the loop in front of No. 4. No. 16 is a glass, conductor
or chimney, with a brim or shoulder at the bottom projecting outwards.
No. 17 is a square pan, with a hole in the center that receives the tube at the
bottom of cup No. 12, round which, at a short distance, is a small rim; within
the rim is a small hole and tube that passes through the pan, that should
it by neglect overflow the oil is conveyeyed out of the lamp, by which means
it is kept clean. At the end is part of a hinge, with a pin to draw out
that receives the bottom part of No. 4. At the other end is a small handle,
also a hasp that fastens to latch in front of cup No. 12. At the back part
is a small cap'd screw, by which means it is emptied. At the back part also
is a small latch that receives the hasp at the bottom of No. 3. The head or
top part of No. 3 is constructed as follows:-No. 18 is the top of body, with
hole in the center. No. 19 is a conical tube, which is fixed' on the top part

page_text: of No. 18. No. 20 is a square piece raised up by being creased, with a hole
in the center larger than the top part of cone No. 19. No. 21 is a conical
tube that is fixed to No. 20, also to No. 23. No. 22 is a round plate of iron,
with a strap fixed to the center, by which means it is fixed to the under part of
No. 28, within a given distance of the holes. No. 23 is a square piece, with
holes in the center, that is fixed to conical tube No. 21, and by being placed
over the conical tube No. 19, the small plate No. 22 hangs within a short
distance of the tube No. 19, by which means the wet and wind are prevented
affecting the light. No. 24 is a small rim which stands on the top of No. 28,
outside the holes. No. 25 is a raised cap that is fixed to the top of No. 23
and over the small rim No. 24. No. 26 is a raised cap which is fixed to
No. 23, and over No. 25. No. 27 is a round top fixed to No. 26, with a ring
at the center.
Although I claim the whole of the before-described lamp as a combination
and application, yet I particularly claim the construction of the body and caso
Nos. 2 and 3, the tube No. 10, the bracket and pin No. 11, the bottom
part of cup No. 12, the bottom part of glass holder No. 18, the rim
No. 14, the brim of glass No. 16, the pin No. 17, the cock in the convey-
ance tube, and the whole as a combination and application to the use of
carriage lamps, parts of which are applicable to other lamps; and shall con-
sider any variation, either in size, shape, or material, an infringement of my
Patent.
In witness whereof, I, the said Benjamin Black, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of November, in the year of our
Lord Ono thousand eight hundred and twenty-four.
BENJAMIN (L.S.) BLACK.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-fifth day of November,
in the year of our Lord 1824, the aforesaid Benjamin Black came before our
said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twenty-fifth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and twenty-four.