Improvements in the Preparation of Agents for use in the Purifica- tion of Sewage and other Polluted Water by Precipitation, and Improvements in the Treatment of Sewage and other Polluted Water in order to Effect the Purification thereof.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Oct., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 28th July, 1891-Accepted, 29th Aug., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Preparation of Agents for use in the Purifica-
tion of Sewage and other Polluted Water by Precipitation, and
Improvements in the Treatment of Sewage and other Polluted
Water in order to Effect the Purification thereof.
We JOHN WILLIAM SLATER of No. 36 Wray Crescent Tollington Park in the
County of Middlesex Analytical and Consulting Chemist Fellow of the Chemical
Society Fellow of the Entomological Society and THE NATIVE GUANO COMPANY
(LIMITED) of No. 29 New Bridge Street Blackfriars in the City of London
Sewage Contractors do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
:-
This invention consists in the preparation as hereinafter described of agents for
use in the treatment of sewage and other polluted water in order to produce
precipitation of the impurities therein and in the method hereinafter described
of treating sewage and other polluted water in order to effect the purification
thereof.
In the preparation according to this invention of agents for use in the purification
of sewage and other polluted water we proceed as follows
We mix together portions of clay or earth and of any naturally occurring deposit
of vegetable matter in course of conversion into peat but which has not undergone
such of the changes as are indicated by the presence of appreciable proportions of
crenic acid and apocreuic acid. Vegetable matter in this condition (hereinafter
termed semi-peat for convenience of reference) is found overlying the clay along
the banks of the lower Thames and Medway (for example at East Greenwich) and
elsewhere. To the said clay or earth and semi-peat we add basic iron slag or
Redonda phosphate or other phosphate or phosphates and in some cases we also add
animal or vegetable carbon. We thus produce a mixture which we will hereinafter
refer to as mixture A,"
We further take a solution of the crude aluminium chloride manufactured as
described in the Specification of Letters Patent No. 12830 dated 26 September
1884 and granted to John William Slater (one of the present applicants) or as
described in the Specification of Letters Patent No. 15810 dated 1 December
1884 and granted jointly to the said John William Slater and William Stevens or
we take a solution of any other cheap form of crude aluminium chloride or
commercial sulphate of alumina (preferably such as is of a basic character) and add
thereto copper slag or any waste matter containing copper (provided zinc be not
present in such waste matter) or if copper slag or a suitable waste matter containing
copper be not available we use in place thereof manganese sulphate or manganese
chloride. This mixture we will hereinafter refer to as "mixture B."
In treating sewage and other polluted water according to this invention we add
thereto a quantity of the mixture "A" and when the said mixture is thoroughly
incorporated with the sewage or water we add a quantity of the mixture "B" and
thus produce precipitation of the matters in suspension and in solution in the said
sewage or water.
Dated the 31st day of October 1890.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Preparation of Agents for use in the Purifica-
tion of Sewage and other Polluted Water by Precipitation, and
Improvements in the Treatment of Sewage and other Polluted
Water in order to Effect the Purification thereof.
We JOHN WILLIAM SLATER of No. 36 Wray Crescent Tollington Park in the
County of Middlesex Analytical and Consulting Chemist Fellow of the Chemical
Society Fellow of the Entomological Society and THE NATIVE GUANO COMPANY
(LIMITED) of No. 29 New Bridge Street Blackfriars in the City of London
Sewage Contractors do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention consists in the preparation as hereinafter described of agents for
use in the treatment of sewage and other polluted water in order to produce
precipitation of the impurities therein and in the method hereinafter described
of treating sewage and other polluted water in order to effect the purification
thereof.
In the preparation according to this invention of agents for use in the purification
of sewage and other polluted water we proceed as follows.
We take portions of clay or non-calcareous earth (such as arable soils and loams)
and of any naturally occurring deposit of vegetable matter in course of conversion
into peat but which has not undergone such of the changes as are indicated by
entire absence of woody structure and by the presence of crenic acid and apocrenic
acid in appreciable proportions ie. in proportions greater than what is termed by
chemists a C mere trace." Vegetable matter in this condition (hereinafter termed
"semi-peat" for convenience of reference) is found overlying the clay along the
banks of the lower Thames and Medway (for example at East Greenwich) and
elsewhere. We further take basic iron slag or Redonda phosphate or other
phosphate or phosphates reduced to powder and in cases where the sewage to he
treated is stronger than average sewage or where much tan liquor is present in
it we also take charcoal or carbon reduced to powder and thoroughly mix the
said matters together and grind them with water or a portion of the sewage or
other liquid to be treated using only sufficient water or liquid to produce a
mixture of the consistence of a thin paste. This mixture we will hereinafter
refer to as "mixture A."
Where carbon is required we prefer to use the refuse from prussiate of potash
manufacture but any other kind of carbon may be used the specific gravity of
which is such that it will have no great tendency either to rise to the surface
of water or to sink rapidly therein after being mixed therewith and which is
free from tarry or fatty matter.
We further take a saturated solution of the crude aluminium chloride manu-
factured as described in the Specification of Letters Patent No. 12830 dated
26 September 1884 and granted to John William Slater (one of the present
applicants) or as described in the Specification of Letters Patent No. 15810
dated December 1884 and granted jointly to the said John William Slater
and William Stevens or we take a saturated solution of any other cheap form
of crude aluminium chloride or commercial sulphate of alumina (preferably such
as is of a basic character) and add thereto a saturated solution in crude muriatic
acid of copper slag or of any waste matter containing copper and in which zinc
is not present. Or if copper slag or a suitable waste matter containing copper
be not available we use in place thereof a saturated solution of manganese
sulphate or manganese chloride. To the said matters we add such a proportion
of water or of the sewage or other liquid to be treated as will produce
mixture. This mixture we will hereinafter refer to as "mixture B.
a fluid

page_text: The proportions of the ingredients of the said mixtures A and B which we
have found suitable in the treatment of ordinary sewage are hereinafter stated.
Clay or loam or earth
Semi-peat
-
One hundred parts by weight.
-
One hundred parts by weight.
-
Ten parts by weight.
-
Ten parts by weight.
Basic iron slag or Redonda phosphate or
other phosphate
Carbon (if used) -
Water in sufficient quantity to produce a thin paste.
few of the soution of copper stag) suen a quantity or other suitable waste
matter containing copper as will introduce a like proportion of copper into the
mixture.
Or (in lieu of a copper solution) sulphate
of manganese or chloride of man-
ganese
Water
-
-
-
Eighty parts by weight.
Forty parts by weight.
In treating sewage and other polluted water according to this invention we add
thereto a quantity of the mixture "A" and when the said mixture is thoroughly
incorporated with the sewage or water we add a quantity of the mixture "B" and
thus produce precipitation of the matters in suspension and in solution in the said
sewage or water.
The quantities of the said mixtures which we have found suitable for the treat-
ment of ordinary sewage are for every ten thousand gallons thereof three pounds
weight of the mixture A and one pound and a half weight of the mixture B.
For the purification of sewage of greater or less than the average strength and
for the purification of polluted water we use the said mixtures in greater or less
proportions according to the amount of impurity present in the sewage or water to
be treated and the nature of the impurity. In all cases the required proportions of
the said mixtures relatively to the sewage or water to be treated may be readily
determined by treating small samples of the said sewage or water previously to
treating the bulk thereof.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that we
claim :-
First The use in the preparation of agents for use in the treatment of sewage
and other polluted water of the matter hereinbefore referred to as "semi-peat
the natural state.
In
Secondly-The treatment of sewage and other polluted water by the addition
thereto as herein before described of the two mixtures herein before described.
Dated the 28th day of July 1891
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.