matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WHEELS FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGES
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Mortlock Ommanney, of the City of
Chester, Esquire, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF WHEELS FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGES
"
Scaled the 1st April 1853, and dated the 1st October 1852.
Ummanney at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition and Declaration, on the 1st October 1852, pursuant to
the 9th Section of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, T,
HENRY MORTLOCK OMMANNEY, of the City of Chester, Esquire, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WHEELS FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGES," and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement (that is to say):
I first cast the iron to the shape required for the wheel; I then place
the wheel in an annealing furnace, and continue it there until the
metal becomes decarbonised so as to be rendered partially malleable

page_text: By this process of annealing and decarbonization, the wheel is rendered
more tough and durable.
I claim as of my Invention the manufacture of wheels for railway
carriages by casting and annealing them as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Mortlock Ommanney, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this First day of October, in the
-year-of-our-Lord-One-thousand-eight-hundred-and-fifty-two.
H. M. OMMANNEY. (L.S.)
IMPROVEMENTS IN REELS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Caleb Bedells at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th December 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, CALEB BEDELLS, of Leicester, in the County of Leicester,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN REELS" to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its objects improvements in the reels used
for reeling cotton or other thread, and consists of making them
with veneered ends; and in making them the blocks of wood are
veneered before being put into the lathe, they are then turned and
finished in the ordinary manner.
AN IMPROVED ENVELOPE, AND THE MEANS OF AFFORDING ADDITIONAL SECURITY TO THE SAME
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Edwards at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th November 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOSEPH EDWARDS, of King's College, London, Master of Arts,.
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
ENVELOPE, AND THE MEANS OF AFFORDING ADDITIONAL SECURITY TO THE
SAME," to be as follows:-
In order to afford more perfect security to envelopes fastened by
means of gum, or any other adhesive material usually employed for
such purpose, it is intended that BOTH surfaces of the paper brought
into contact shall be previously treated to a coating of the adhesive
material, by which it will be found that far greater security is
obtained than by the mode at present adopted, which is simply to
cover a portion of but one surface of the paper with the adhesive
material.

page_text: My improvement is particularly important when applied to that
portion of the envelope where sealed thus in the sketch:-
The gum is placed at the parts A, B, whereas usually the upper
flap A, is the only portion touched with the cement, and thus it
frequently occurs that the adhesion is so imperfect, that a slight
degree of force will cause the parts to become detached, without
injury to and the destruction of the envelope.
For the reasons before mentioned, the postage stamps attached to
the front of the envelope are frequently found to fall off; and I pro-
pose therefore to coat with gum or other material that part of the
envelope whereon the stamps are usually placed, so as to insure their
being more firmly fixed to the paper.
I also propose to introduce an envelope, the flap of which, in lieu
of the form usually given, shall have one or more indents or scallops,
as shewn in the sketch following.

page_text: It should be observed, that this form of envelope is adapted prin-
cipally for those intended to be secured by sealing wax, as the
opening or scallop in the outer flap exposes a much larger propor-
tion of the underfold to the action of the wax, and is another means
of affording additional security.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Macintosh, of Aberdeen, for the In-
vention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER."
Sealed the 24th January 1853, and dated the 2nd November 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Macintosh at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, ou
the 2nd November 1852.
I, JOHN MACINTOSH, of Aberdeen, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER"
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of causing pulp to be simultaneously supplied
from two or more vats or vessels, so that the two sides of the paper
made may be of different quality or color, and when more than two
are used the interior layer may be of different quality to either of the
outer surfaces.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LANDING AND SCREENING COALS, AND DELIVERING THEM INTO SACKS
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Day, of Upper Mall, Hammer-
smith, in the County of Middlesex, Coal Merchant, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LANDING AND SCREENING COALS,
AND DELIVERING THEM INTO SACKS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Day at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th November 1852.
I, THOMAS DAY, of Upper Mall, Hammersmith, in the County of
Middlesex, Coal Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LANDING AND SCREENING COALS, AND
DELIVERING THEM INTO SACKS" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in transferring the coals from the ships in
which they arrive, into peculiarly constructed receivers calculated

page_text: These receivers are intended
beams of barges, instead of
When the barge has reached
to contain about seven tons of coals.
to fit into the spaces between the
placing the coals in such spaces loose.
the wharf, the receivers are to be hoisted by cranes on to landing
stages, and their contents shovelled into a cradle screen. The
screen is mounted on a platform, and is free to rock on two
gudgeons. A false bottom, consisting of a grating, extends nearly the
whole length of the screen. At the end furthest from the receiver,
and where the grating terminates, is an orifice, through which the
coals after being screened fall, and are guided by a funnel into a 1
sack placed on a weighing machine. The fine coal passes through
the grating in the screen on to the sloping bottom thereof, and falls
through an orifice into any vessel placed to receive it.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION AND TREATMENT OF FLAX, HEMP, AND OTHER SIMILAR VEGETABLE FIBRES
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Turnbull at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th October 1852.
I, THOMAS TURNBULL, of Rosemill Bleachfield, Dundee, in Scot-
land, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION AND TREATMENT OF FLAX, HEMP, AND
OTHER SIMILAR VEGETABLE FIBRES," to be as follows:-
I take flax straw or hemp straw, green or dried, or I take flax or
hemp already scutched, and I pass it between a series of pairs of
smooth rollers, under pressure, keeping a stream of water constantly
running upon the article operated upon between each pair of rollers.
I continue this until nearly all the gums, resins, and other substances
surrounding the fibres are washed away. Or instead of this pressure,
I place flax straw or hemp straw, or flax or hemp already sentched,
into a vat with a trellis in its bottom, and I fill the vat up with water
at any temperature, and let it run off again as many times as is neces-
sary to wash away nearly all the gums, resins, and other substances

page_text: surrounding the fibres. I now take the articles above mentioned, and
I cause them to undergo a slight fermentation; after which they are
dried. If flax or hemp straw has been operated upon, it is now scutched
by any convenient method, and then passed repeatedly under pressure
between a pair or a series of pairs of smooth rollers of wood or of
metal, until it is fit for the market. But if flax or hemp already
scutched is operated upon, it is only necessary to pass it between the
smooth rollers until it is fit for the market. Finally, I take flax or
hemp as usually sold in the markets, and I pass it between smooth
rollers under pressure until it is fitted for finer purposes.
.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PUBLIC ANNOUNCEMENTS OR ADVERTISEMENTS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gustave Paul de Lhuynes.
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 20th October 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, GUSTAVE PAUL DE LHUYNES, of Conduit Street, Hanover Square,
in the County of Middlesex, Doctor of Medicine, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PUBLIC
ANNOUNCEMENTS OR ADVERTISEMENTS" to be as follows:-
This apparatus consists of a hollow column of cast iron or any other
suitable material, with 4, 6, 8, 10, or any number of sides, each of these
sides being separated from the other by divisions of cast iron, bronze,
brass, or any suitable material, in which are adjusted mirrors or windows.
Upon this column is a large cupola having the same number of sides;
by means of suitable apparatus the cupola turns upon the column,
which is stationary. Above this cupola, and turning upon it, but on a
contrary direction, is a smaller cupola, and the whole to be surmounted
by an ornament containing the dial of a clock, embellished with the
arms of England or other device.

page_text: The advertisements on the revolving cupola, &c. are secured inside
in front of the mirrors or windows. The column is to be lighted
internally by gas, the electric light with the aid of reflectors, or any
other means most suitably adapted. Those advertisements attached to
the column which are to appear for some time are printed upon canvass,
and gummed or otherwise fastened in order to render them more
transparent; those which are to appear for one day only will be attached
at the sides with strings, which on any emergency may be united with
advertisements on tissue.
These sheets of advertisements roll and unroll upon cylinders placed
above and below each side of the column, which cylinders are worked
by means of a counterpoise windlass, or any other motive power, either
by hand or otherwise; this apparatus communicates with a principal
axle, which by angular cylinders placed at each side of the apparatus
causes the cylinders upon which the sheets of advertisements are fixed
to be set in motion, and continually causing such advertisements to be
brought into view.
An escapement changes the rotary movement of the apparatus to
cause them to ascend after having descended; the same mechanism, by
means of a circular wheel, imparts to the large cupola its rotary move-
ment on a small iron railway secured on to the top of the column by
the same means, with a transposing wheel from the large to the smaller
'cúpola; the latter is turned in a contrary direction.
The whole construction is to rest upon a base of cast iron or stone,
and to have an entrance door to the mechanism.
A CERTAIN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN BLEACHING OF YARNS AND GOODs
Year: 1852

page_text: HULION AND MUSGRAVES SPECI
TION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
SMITH HULTON, of Bolton-le-Moors, in the County of Lancaster, Whitster,
and JOSEPH MUSGRAVE, of the same Place, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twelfth day of February, in the fifteenth year of Her reign, and
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said John
Smith Hulton and Joseph Musgrave, Her especial licence, full power, sole
privilege and authority, that we, the said John Smith Hulton and Joseph
Musgrave, our exors, admors, and assigns, and such others as we, the said
John Smith Hulton and Joseph Musgrave, our exors, adñors, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within England and Wales, and the Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, our Invention of "A CERTAIN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS USED IN BLEACHING OF YARNS AND GOODs;" in which said Letters
Patent is contained a proviso that we, the said John Smith Hulton and
Joseph Musgrave, shall cause a particular description of the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be enrolled in
Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and

page_text: being to the best of our knowledge new, and never before practised in that
part of Her Majesty's Dominions called England, we deliver this as a true and
faithful Specification of the same.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Smith Hulton and Joseph Mus-
grave, have hereunto set our hands and seals, the Twenty-ninth day of
July, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-two.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE COMPOSITION OF ARTIFICIAL FUEL, AND IN THE MODE OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Martin, at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
December 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JAMES MARTIN, of No. 2, Prospect Row, Bermondsey, in the
County of Surrey, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE COMPOSITION OF ARTIFICIAL FUEL,
AND IN THE MODE OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME," to be as follows:-
To nine parts by weight of sawdust well dried and sifted, add one
part by weight of vegetable charcoal finely ground. Mix these well
together, and then add two parts by weight of rosin or pine oil,
and again thoroughly mix by stirring the whole well together;
and having melted nine parts by weight of rosin in a suitable
vessel, add the above ingredients thereto, and keep constantly
stirring the whole while kept at a moderate heat, till thoroughly
incorporated and reduced to a sufficiently adhesive or plastic state;
and while hot mould the same into cakes of such shape and size as
may be most suitable for the several purposes required.
Another mode of manufacturing the fuel is, by having properly
mixed together the three ingredients first above described, the

page_text: rosin having been ground to a powder, may be added thereto in a
cold state, and the whole, after being properly mixed together, may
be heated and incorporated as above till reduced to an adhesive or
plastic state, and then moulded as above described. The propor-
tions of the above mentioned ingredients may also be slightly varied,
according to their quality and the purposes to which the fuel is in-
tended to be applied or the circumstances under which it is proposed
to be used. And if the fuel is required to burn with greater speed,
or energy, then from five to ten per cent. of nitrate of potash or
soda, or other chemical salt calculated to promote rapid combustion,
may be added to the rosin previous to mixing it with the other
ingredients.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ADAPTATION AND APPLICATION OF A NEW MANUFACTURED MATERIAL TOCERTAIN ARTICLES OF DRESS
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Buckton and Thomas Lawson, both of
Leeds, in the County of York, Manufacturers, for their Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ADAPTATION AND APPLICATION OF A NEW MANUFACTURED
MATERIAL TO CERTAIN ARTICLES OF DRESS."
6 months.
Dated 21st July 1852.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN GARMENTS OR ARTICLES OF DRESS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Smith and John
Smith at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 26th October 1852.
(Void by reason of notice. to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
We, WILLIAM SMITH and JoпN SMITH, both of No. 5, Upper
John Street, Golden Square, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
GARMENTS OR ARTICLES OF DRESS" to be as follows:-
1. In so cutting and arranging the front parts of trowsers or drawers
that they may overlap and cross in front at an angle from the crutch,
according to the figure of the wearer, so as to give what is technically
termed an open front instead of the fly front "the "cut" or "full fall," and
enabling the wearer to adjust them with facility by means of hooks or
clasps and eyelet holes, and so dispense with the numerous buttons and
button holes which are necessary in the trowsers and drawers at present
in use; and, further, by the cut and arrangement of the back piece a
perfect fit is given, and the trowsers are made to fit upon the hips; the
girth pressure is entirely removed, the hips being made to support the
garment in its position, thus enabling the wearer, should he choose, to

page_text: dispense with braces as well as buttons, thereby admitting of greater
freedom of action and comfort.
The 2nd part of this
part of this Invention relates to waistcoats and such like
garments, and consists in applying the same anguler cut and arrange-
ment of overlap as in the trowsers and drawers just described;
it is applicable to all kinds or fashions of waistcoats. The novelty
consists in the making of trowsers or drawers with fronts cut
angularly and overlaping as described, whether secured or fastened
by hooks or clasps and eyelet holes, or other similar means for super-
seding the use of numerous buttons and button holes or other fasten-
ings up the front; also the arrangement of the back piece when used
in conjunction wi.h the front for the purpose of producing a better fit,
and enabling the wearer to dispense with braces as well as buttons; and
also the making of waistcoats or other similar garments with fronts cut
angularly and arranged with overlaping pieces, as described, and fastened
similarly to the trowsers or otherwise.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CANAL BOATS
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Daniel Woodall, of Oldbury, in the County of
Worcester, Boiler Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN CANAL BOATS."
Sealed the 23rd March 1853, and dated the 27th November 1852.:
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Daniel Woodall at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition
and Declaration, on the 27th November 1852, pursuant to the
9th Section of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
I, DANIEL WOODALL, of Oldbury, in the County of Worcester
Boiler Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CANAL BOATS" to be as follows (that is to say):-
My improvements consist, Firstly, in combining wood and iron in
building canal boats, in such manner that, whilst I retain the
strength and rigidity of the iron in those parts requiring the same,
I obtain also the buoyancy of wood, causing the boat so constructed
to float lighter in the water. Secondly, my Invention consists in
an improvement in securing the iron to the wood. My mode of
proceeding is as follows: I first construct the bottom of a boat of
elm, or other wood_of the usual thickness, and having the usual

page_text: scantling of kelson, and all round the edge of this bottom, on the
inside, I secure angle iron of any suitable size, but that which I find
preferable is about three inches on the side. This having been
properly bolted or otherwise secured to the bottom, I then rivet iron
plates to the outside of the flange of the angle iron, which is pro-
jecting upwards, and continue these plates until sufficient height for
the boat shall have been attained. The boat is then capped all
round with angle iron, of about the same dimension as that used
for the bottom. One side being rivetted to the inside of the plates
forming the sides and ends of the boat, and the other side project-
ing into the boat, and forming a ledge of about three inches in width
all round the top.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be clearly
understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details or
dimensions herein specified, but what I claim as my Invention is,
the combining wood and iron in the building of canal boats in
manner described.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and scal, this
Twenty-fourth day of November, One thousand eight hun-
dred and fifty-two.
DANIEL (L.S.) WOODALL.
DANIEL (L.S.) WOODALL.
AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR SHAPING STAVES FOR CASKS, VATS, AND OTHER SIMILAR VESSELS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Murdoch at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 9th N...
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 25th November 1852. A communication.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JAMES MURDOCH, of Staple Inn, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR SHAPING STAVES FOR CASKS, VATS, AND
OTHER SIMILAR VESSELS" to be as follows:-
This machine is intended to form the concave interior and convex
exterior of staves, and is constructed as follows:-A hoop saw-that
is, a saw the blade of which forms a portion of a hoop or cylinder,
is mounted upon a horizontal axle, and receives a vibrating or reci-
procating motion from the driving wheel. By the side of the saw
is a carriage, moving parallel to the axis of the saw, with an inter-
mittent motion communicated to it by the driving wheel through
the medium of racks and ratchets; upon this carriage is placed the
piece of timber of which the staves are to be formed, and which is
of sufficient thickness to formn several staves. From the form of the
saw, it will make a cut in the wood, forming an arc of a circle,
forming the concave or interior side of one stave, and the convex or

page_text: exterior side of the next stave; and when, by the advance of the
carriage after each successive cut, the saw has cut through the length
of the stave, the stave thus formed is removed, and the wood ad-
vanced to the saw by set screws, and the operation is repeated until
the whole block of wood is worked up.
The machine is formed double,-that is to say, there are two.saws
mounted on the same axis, and a travelling carriage on each side.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ALCOHOLIC, SACCHARINE, AND STARCH PRODUCTS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Guillaume Ferdinand de
Douhet at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 6th December 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, GUILLAUME FERDINAND DE DOUHET, of Paris, in the Republic
of France, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ALCOHOLIC, SACCHARINE, AND
STARCH PRODUCTS" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of a new process for manufacturing
directly alcohol and saccharine and amylaccous substances, by
combining the constitutive elements of these different bodies,-viz.
carbon, hydrogen, & oxygen, in different quantities; for which
there is employed a substance or carbon united to sulphur, which
forms an extremely volatile liquid, known by the name of sulphuret
of carbon, & by its contact with a dissolution more or less watery,
he succeeds in composing the products here-before mentioned.
This liquid, which is obtained by the distillation of the steam
of sulphur upon very incandescent charcoal, is mixed with a
solution of quick lime (of the thickness of milk), whether potash,

page_text: barytes, strontium, or with any other caustic alkali having affinity
for sulphur; then this mixture, being shut up in a still, is heated
with precaution.
The lime or alcali of the solution then imperceptibly separates
from the sulphur, and the carbon, being set at liberty, meets liquid
& vaporized water; it immediately combines with it, or it unites
itself to the hydrogen and oxygen of the water, to form, according to
the proportions, several ethers & alcohols of different degrees; it
is then, on the one hand, the proportion of the water & matters
used, and, on the other, the furnace of the still, that it is necessary
to watch.
To have amylaceous or saccherine products, it is requisite to mix
sulphuret of carbon with an alcaline solution more concentrated than
for alcohol. This mixture is then placed in a pan covered, excepting
a plug or valve against the excess of the steam. It is then gra-
dually heated, left to get cool, after which the mass is laxiviated,
poured off, and the lime which might be mixed with the liquids is
separated by means of carbonic acid, and the saccharine or
amylaceous products are produced, which are afterwards treated by
means known.
It is not necessary to indicate the various proportions of the
substances, as the reactions hercin-before described will always take
place, whatever may be the proportions.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRE- VENTING THE ESCAPE OF SMOKE FROM CHIMNEYS, AND CONSUMING OR OTHERWISE DISFOSING THEREOF
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Browne at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th
December 1852.
I, JOHN BROWNE, of Charles Street, Regent Street, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRE-
VENTING THE ESCAPE OF SMOKE FROM CHIMNEYS, AND CONSUMING OR
OTHERWISE DISFOSING THEREOF," to be as follows:-
I propose to take, as an instance of the improvements above
mentioned, the chimney or stalk of a factory, which is usually of
considerable height. In building this chimney or stalk, I propose
to leave an opening of as large diameter as is consistent with the
safety of the brickwork, and about half way up its entire height
(this opening may be made in chimneys that are in present use),
behind this opening, and so covered in, to insure the non-escape of
the smoke, except where such means of escape is by me provided,
I place a cylinder, having at one end a handle (or the end may be
formed grooved, as in the case of a common window blind, where

page_text: the end is grooved to receive and retain the cord); this cylinder is
provided with leaves of sheet iron, bent in any form which is most
likely to operate upon or catch up the smoke. Under this cylinder
is placed a tank, such tank to be filled, or nearly so, with water,
having two well secured openings or doors at one end, or one at
each end. The door, which is placed near the bottom of the tank,
is to facilitate the removal of solid matter, and the other, placed
nearly at the top of the tank, to allow the lighter substances to flow
out, when required. The course of the operation will be as
follows:-
The smoke arising from the furnaces will ascend the chimney or
stalk more rapidly than now usual in a chimney of the same
capacity, because there will be a double draft; but, on its arrival at
the opening aforesaid, it will come under the in-draught influence
of the foliated cylinder, which, by any usual gearing from the steam
engine, will be made to rotate with great rapidity. On the smoke
being in-draughted by the cylinder, it will be dashed down on to
the surface of the water in the tank, and the heavier particles will
be absorbed, and sink to the bottom thereof, while the lighter, or
sooty portion, will be carried off, as required, by the upper opening
or door, before mentioned. As the products of the smoke will be
of value, the one being capable of recombustion, and the other
usable for various useful purposes, it is supposed the expence of
fitting the apparatus will be amply repaid, & a continued profit
secured. The whole apparatus is to be built up and enclosed, so
that no smoke or noxious effluvia will escape.
It is presumed the above outline may be considered sufficient for
a Provisional Specification, as it developes all I intend to do, while
the sizes or proportions, and minute particulars of parts only are
retained, and these will of course-vary according to circumstances.
AN IMPROVED STOCK OR NECKCLOTH
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Florentin Anacharsis
Debray at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 25th October 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOSEPH FLORENTIN ANACHARSIS DEBRAY, of Paris, in the Republic
of France, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED STOCK OR NECKCLOTH" to be as follows:-
This cravat is composed of a steel circular spring B, B, Figs. 1, &
2, which completely encircles the neck, and may be covered with any
material whatever, care being taken to give it a graceful form. The
knot or bow N, Fig. 8, is fixed and cannot be displaced. The two
extremities of the circular spring B, tend constantly, when the cravat
is opened, to return to each other; they are furnished, one with a spring
clasp, the other with a socket to receive it. The socket and spring are
concealed under the knot in such a manner as to be invisible. This
new arrangement affords the greatest facility for putting on the cravat
and giving it greater elegance, by dispensing with buckles and buttons,
as used in ordinary cravats. Figs. 1, and 2, represent the internal
spring of the cravat; Fig. 3, represents a section of the clasp; Fig. 4,

page_text: is a section of the socket which receives the clasp. The part a, is
widened to facilitate the entry of the clasp into the division b, which is
just large enough to receive it, at a height suitable for the play of the
spring. The clasp is provided on the upper surface with a catch c,
wedge-shape. This catch, on reaching the extremity d. of the socket.
rises by the action of the spring and is held in the socket. To open
it, draw the spring back, pressing lightly on J. The prolongation
beneath the socket which serves to bind it to the spring is curved
under the socket d, and serves to hold firmly the clasp at o, and
prevents it moving upwards, as the sides of the part b. of the socket
prevent it moving from one side to the other; this curved part also
serves to prevent pressure on the clasp of the adjacent part of the
cravat. To the cravat are fixed three small buttons a, b, c, Fig. 6;
three corresponding button holes are placed in the false collar, Fig. 7;
they can be buttoned together beforehand, so as to form both cravat
and collar at once. To put on the cravat, open the two ends, and allow
the clasp to enter the socket after it has passed round the neck.
The Drawings represent a cravat the real size.
Figs. 6, & 7, only are made on scale of one half.
AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION. APPLICABLE TO THE PURPOSES OF VARNISH, TO THE WATERPROOFING OF FABRICS, TO THE MANUFACTURE OF TRANSPARENT FABRICS, TO THE FIXING OF COLOURS, AND TO OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jules Lemoine, Chemist, of Courbevoie, near Paris,
in the Republic of France, for his Invention of "AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION.
APPLICABLE TO THE PURPOSES OF VARNISH, TO THE WATERPROOFING OF FABRICS, TO
THE MANUFACTURE OF TRANSPARENT FABRICS, TO THE FIXING OF COLOURS, AND TO
OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES."
6 months.
Dated 6th July 1852.
IMPROVEMENTS. IN GAFFS AND BOомs
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Ennis at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st
October 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, GEORGE ENNIS, of Jersey, Iron and Brass Founder and Machinist
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS.
IN GAFFS AND BOомs" to be as follows:-
In lieu of making the jaws of gaffs and booms in one piece with or
a fixture to the gaff or boom itself, I construct the jaws separately, and
unite them by a joint or joints to the gaff or boom, so as under all
circumstances to keep the jaws or bearing surface quite parallel with
the mast. A, A, is a collar, which I substitute for the ordinary jaws.
It may be made of metal lined with leather or other similar substance,
and should be of the same curve as that of the mast; B, B, are two
lugs rivetted or otherwise attached to the collar; C, is the gaff' or boom,
to which is fitted the metal pin D, which terminates in a button d;.
E, is a stirrup secured to the gaff or boom by the pin D, and button d.
Its two forked ends are pierced with holes for the reception of the

page_text: pin F. This pin F, is passed through the eyes of the lugs and holes
in the stirrup, and thus connects the socket A, A, with the gaff or
boom, and forms a joint on which the gaff may rise or fall without
disturbing the parallelism of the socket with the mast. G, is a swivel
collar, to which the main haul yard is to be attached. The collar is
secured to the mast by ropes and rollers in the usual method..
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS FOR DERIVING MOTIVE POWER FROM EXPANSIVE FLUIDS, AND THE BETTER APPLICATION AND ECONOMY. THEREOF FOR PROPELLING SHIPS AND OTHER VESSELS IN SEA, RIVER, AND CANAL NAVIGATION; ALSO IN THE SHAPE AND. ACTION OF WIND SAILS, THE USE OF WATER AS A MOTIVE POWER FOR DRIVING MACHINES, MILLS, &C., THE CONSTRUCTION OF TURBINES, AIR AND WATER PUMPS, MARINE PUMPS FOR EMPTYING SHIPS OF BILGE WATER, AND OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1852

page_text: :
Street, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the In-
vention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS FOR DERIVING MOTIVE POWER
FROM EXPANSIVE FLUIDS, AND THE BETTER APPLICATION AND ECONOMY.
THEREOF FOR PROPELLING SHIPS AND OTHER VESSELS IN SEA, RIVER,
AND CANAL NAVIGATION; ALSO IN THE SHAPE AND. ACTION OF WIND
SAILS, THE USE OF WATER AS A MOTIVE POWER FOR DRIVING
MACHINES, MILLS, &C., THE CONSTRUCTION OF TURBINES, AIR AND
WATER PUMPS, MARINE PUMPS FOR EMPTYING SHIPS OF BILGE WATER,
AND OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES."
Sealed the 23rd February 1853, and dated the 4th October 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Bates at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
October 1852.
I, EDWIN BATES, of No. 7, G' Portland Street, London, County of
5 Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-

page_text: tion for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS FOR DERIVING MOTIVE POWER FROM
EXPANSIVE FLUIDS, AND THE BETTER APPLICATION AND ECONOMY THEREOF FOR
PROPELLING SHIPS AND OTHER VESSELS IN SEA, RIVER, AND CANAL NAVIGA-
TION; ALSO IN THE SHAPE AND ACTION OF WIND SAILS, THE USE OF WATER
AS A MOTIVE POWER FOR DRIVING MACHINES, MILLS, &C., THE CONSTRUCTION
OF TURBINES, AIR AND WATER PUMPS, MARINE PUMPS FOR EMPTYING SHIPS
OF BILGE WATER, AND OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES." And my improvements
in obtaining power consists of a machine or instrument based upon
sound geometrical principles, and I construct it as follows:-
The machine is in effect a propeller; it may be employed to propel
ships in pumps for raising water; and generally in air and fluids,
where they are required to be lifted, driven, or forced. I compose the
centre of my propeller of a ball or globe or cylinder, from which
radiate one, two, three, or more arms or blades, so shaped as to throw
the water or other medium in which the propeller acts, into and against
or around the globe, whereby I gain the full propulsive effect due to
centrifugal and centripetal forces.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF ROASTING COFFEE
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Berry at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th November 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, GEORGE BERRY, of No. 19, Buttesland Street, St. Leonard's,
Shoreditch, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF ROASTING
COFFEE" to be as follows: —
Previous to commencing the process of roasting, I exhaust out of
the vessel in which coffee is to be roasted the principal portion of
the air contained therein; and during the process of roasting, I
exhaust the principal portion of the steam, gas, and acriform products
generated thereby; whereby coffee so roasted retains the aromatic
products and properties which are dissipated along with the steam,
gas, and acriform products separated from coffee by the methods
heretofore in use for roasting thereof.
AN IMPROVED STOVE OR HEATING APPARATUS
Year: 1852

page_text: of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
October 1852.-A communication.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOHN GEDGE, of 4, Wellington Street South, Strand, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED STOVE OR HEATING APPARATUS'
to be as follows:-
The Invention communicated to me is that of a stove or heating
apparatus, proper either for large buildings, heating several rooms or
chambers at once, or simply for use in a single chamber, after the
manner of a common stove. Its advantages are a more economical
consumption of fuel or gas than can be obtained in stoves as generally
constructed, while from its peculiar formation it is considered caloric
of a much higher or more regulated temperature is obtained than
heretofore from a given consumption of fuel or gas. Instead of the
ordinary flue or chimney, this stove is furnished with a number (more
or less as convenience requires) of leaves or metallic compartments.

page_text: such leaves being placed either vertically, horizontally, or at any desirable
angle; each leaf in itself forms part of the stove or heating apparatus,
and are arranged so as to guard against infraction of unity, and according
to the description of fire-places or openings used.
By careful attention to the mode of placing the leaves, securing unity
as aforesaid, the heat spreads freely over the whole surface, imparts the
greatest quantity attainable to the room, apartments, or building, and
may be regulated at pleasure. When desirable it may be arranged flush
with the wall, or even outside the exterior wall of a building, without
deteriorating from its calorific propertics. It is deemed the foregoing
will be found sufficient for the purposes of a Provisional Specification, as
required by the Royal Commissioners; but in the Final Specification
minute description of parts will be given, and the whole illustrated by
such Drawings as may be necessary to shew their positions.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING ELASTIC TISSUES
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Armand Le Comte
de Fontaine Moreau at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with his Petition on the 17th November 1852.-A
communication.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, PETER ARMAND LE COMTE DE FONTAINE MOREAU, of No 4, South
Street, Finsbury, in the County of Middlesex, and 39, Rue de
l'Echiquier, Paris, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING ELASTIC TISSUES"
to be as follows:
The Invention consists in producing an elastic tissue having the
appearance of woollen cloth, and without any ribs.
Hitherto clastic tissues have been manufactured by means of
india-rubber webs, with silk, wool, or cotton, with ribs which
naturally restrict their use and applications.
To carry out my Improvements, I use with every kind of loom an
harness composed of three warp lames forming satins of another
warp lame in india-rubber, forming taffety or plain ground, and of
six marches or treadles, or of one march, by means of a jacquard
harness.

page_text: It will be casily understood that such an harness will produce
only plain ground; to obtain figured tissues, the harness must be
modified accordingly.
By reference to the following diagram the arrangement will be
RETARDING AND EFFECTUALLY STOPPING AT DISCRETION RAILWAY CARRIAGES, AND ALSO FOR CARRIAGES OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS, FOR THE MORE SAFELY DESCENDING INCLINED PLANES, EITHER IN THE STREETS OR ON TURNPIKE ROADS, TO BE CALLED BATES'S BREAK
Year: 1852

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by. Edwin Bates at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and Decla-
ration, on the 4th October 1852, pursuant to the 9th Section of
the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
I. EDWIN BATES, of No. 7, Great Portland Street, London, County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "RETARDING AND EFFECTUALLY STOPPING AT DISCRETION RAILWAY
CARRIAGES, AND ALSO FOR CARRIAGES OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS, FOR THE MORE
SAFELY DESCENDING INCLINED PLANES, EITHER IN THE STREETS OR ON
TURNPIKE ROADS, TO BE CALLED BATES'S BREAK, to be as follows:-
The circumference of the earth, as in figures on the first line of plan,
may be considered a continuous plane upon which other planes meet,
represented by wheels. The centrifugal motion is reversed by ob-
structing angles of 45 degrees, or other angles. The second line of
figures shew the centrifugal to be changed to the centripetal motion
in the configuration of wheels, and by binding these wheels with
springs, pulleys, weights, or clastic bands, at discretion, the impetus of
the carriages may in four revolutions be thrown back to the centre of

page_text: gravity; hence, motion in the train must cease; in other words; these
wheels may be considered as moving in the opposite direction to the
ordinary wheels, such is the tendency of their construction, and as
having wedges of 45 degrees or other angles pressed under them.
There are three ways of applying these inverted centre wheels, or, as
they may be termed, centripetal wheels:
First, by fixing them, as shewn, under the centre of gravity of
each carriage to press upon the earth at an angle of 45 degrees, with
room to spring forward off such angle.
Secondly, by means of an axle between two of these wheels they
may be pressed upon the rail between the ordinary carriage wheels.
Thirdly, by applying pressure to such a wheel fixed upon the axle
of the great wheel of the engine, by which it can be effectually locked,
as described by the figures.
AN IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT OF APPARATUS FOR RETARD- ING AND STOPPING LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES, TENDERS, AND CARRIAGES
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Dixon at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 31st December 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, DAVID DIXON, of Parsons Mead, Croydon, in the County of
Surrey, Engine Driver, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT OF APPARATUS FOR RETARD-
ING AND STOPPING LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES, TENDERS, AND CARRIAGES," to be
as follows:
The object of this Invention is to obviate the inconvenience
caused by damp or rainy weather in the action of the brakes of
railway carriages, engines, and tenders. It is well known that
during such weather the running wheels, instead of presentiing a
good friction surface to the brakes, will, by taking up moisture from
the rails, become slippery, and destroy the efficiency of the brakes.
To avoid this I key upon the bosses or the axles of the wheels fric-
tion pulleys, against which the brakes are made to act, and these
pulleys, being free from contact with the road, will be enabled to
present the friction surface required for the proper action of the
brakes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WIND GUARDS OR CHIMNEY TOPS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 14th December 1852.- A communication,
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County
of Middlesex, and of Glasgow, North Britain, Gentleman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WIND
GUARDS OR CHIMNEY TOPS" to be as follows: -
This Invention relates to the construction of a species of duplex
spherical, or ball-shaped cover, for the tops of chimneys. The flue
or chimney terminates in a hollow chamber, spherical or nearly so
in shape, and having an adjustable lid, and side or lateral discharge
apertures for the passage of the smoke. This inner sphere is covered
by an outer case with an open top and bottom, and resting on
brackets formed on the inner one, so that there is a complete annular
thoroughfare between the two casings. If a side wind strikes the
outer case, the sphere deflects the aerial current into two sections;
an upper one passing over the top, and a lower one descending the
reverse way. This improves the chimney draught, and causes the

page_text: smoke to pass freely off through the lateral openings in the inner
sphere, and thence out of the outer case either above or below. In
the same way a "blow down" is deflected by the spherical contour
of the case, whilst the smoke gets away at the annular passage
beneath.