Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 11th Dec., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 11th Dec., 1899-Accepted, 10th Feb., 1900
I,, VICTOR WINDETT, of 247, Sixty-sixth Place, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A., Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:
-
My invention relates more especially, though not exclusively, to an improve-
ment in the construction of wharf-like docks or those which extend along the
side of a body of water; and the primary object of my improvement is to provide
a shallow concrete dock which shall be less expensive to construct and maintain
and more durable than a timber dock.
My improved construction is shown in detail in the accompanying drawings,
in which
Figure 1 is a broken plan view; Fig. 2, a section taken at the line 2 on Fig. 1
and viewed in the direction of the arrow; Fig. 3, a section taken at the line 3 on
Fig. 2 and viewed in the direction of the arrow; Fig. 4, a section taken at the
line 4 on Fig. 1 viewed in the direction of the arrow and enlarged; Fig. 5, a
broken sectional view showing a detail of the mooring-post anchorage; Fig. 6, a
broken view showing in side elevation the preferred manner of fastening a batter-
pile to the grillage, and Fig. 7 a section taken at the line 7 on Fig. 6 viewed in the
direction of the arrow and enlarged.
A A are piles driven in desired number and relation into the bed B to form
longitudinal and transverse rows relative to a body of water, the level of which
is indicated at w in Fig. 2. As shown, the piles are vertical, though they, and
more especially those in the outer longitudinal rows, may be slanting or
"bat-
tered," and, if desired, the spaces between the piles may be filled with broken
stone or other reinforcing material, as indicated at X in Fig. 2.
A denotes sheet-piling provided for the usual purpose just behind the line
of piles A adjacent to the water and braced against said piles through the medium
of interposed wales a a¹. It is preferred also to strengthen the foundation
structure, as indicated in Fig. 2, through the medium of tie-rods b, passed through
the transverse rows of piles A near their upper ends and through wales ec extend-
n

page_text: ing along the outer longitudinal rows of the piles, the tie-rods being fastened
at their projecting ends by nuts c¹.
C is the grillage surmounting the piles A, composed of timbers d d, laid along
the tops of the longitudinal rows of the piles, and timbers d¹, laid at intervals
crosswise of the timbers d and fastened in place by drift-bolts &, driven through
the crossing timbers at their intersections into the piles in a manner to leave
the upper expanded ends of the bolts protruding for a purpose hereinafter
described.
D is the concrete stepped top surmounting the grillage C, to which it is
firmly fastened by embedment in the concrete of the projecting ends of the drift-
bolts and also, if the concrete be spread in a plastic condition, by its binding
into the interstices of the grillage. It is within my invention, however, to form
the top D separate from the dock structure and place it and fasten it down upon
the grillage. Either way, however, it is desirable to form the top in sections, as
represented in Fig. 1, each, say, about twenty-five feet in length, and connect
the sections together at their abutting ends by tongue-and-groove joints, as
indicated at v, since it is found that a continuous concrete top will crack under
the action of frost at about the intervals mentioned, and by thus forming it in
sections cracking is prevented.
For strengthening the structure the top should be anchored at intervals through
the medium of rods f, embedded toward one end in the concrete and extending
transversely through the top, through the earth E back of the structure, and
through an anchor-wale F or "deadman," fastened by nuts e against anchor-
piles F, driven into the ground at a suitable distance from the dock. For further
strengthening the foundation batter-piles, one of which is indicated at A3
in Fig. 2, may be provided. and I fasten each at its upper end by bolts gl between
pairs of short timbers hh, fastened by bolts gg down upon the grillage-timbers d¹
and embedded in the concrete of the top. The face of the dock should be pro-
tected by fender-piles, one of which is shown at A³, fastened to the top D, and
wales A. and a guard-timber k is fastened on the upper side of the top D to
extend lengthwise thereof near its edge.
Gis one of any desired number of mooring-posts provided at suitable intervals
on the top 1. To avoid, under use of a mooring-post, tension strain on the con-
crete, which being brittle would tend to break it, I anchor each mooring-post
to the grillage and preferably, also, to the anchor-piles F1. As shown, the
support for each mooring-post is a pair of timbers 17, extending across and em-
bedded in the concrete of the top D and across a cap ¹ on piles i. The mooring-
post is bolted through its base to the timbers 7 and is anchored by rods m passing
vertically through the concrete top and each held at its lower end by a plate m',
confined below a pair of blocks m³, extending across and fastened to the grillage-
timbers and embedded in the concrete, and further anchorage to the grillage is
afforded to the mooring-post by rods n, each extending from the base of the
post diagonally through the concrete top and similarly through a short timber
or block n', laid across and fastened to the grillage-timbers d and embedded in
the concrete, the diagonal rods being fastened at their lower ends by nuts o¹
bearing against metal shoes o, with which the respective corners of the timbers n¹
are bound. For additionally anchoring each mooring-post rods p may be pro-
vided, connecting it with the anchor-piles F1, as indicated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In a dock structure, the combination with a pile foundation, of grillage
surmounting and fastened thereto, and a concrete top surmounting and fastened
on said grillage, said top being formed in longitudinal sections connected by
tongue-and-grooved joints at their ends, substantially as described.
2. In a dock structure, the combination with a pile foundation, of grillage

page_text: comprising longitudinal timbers and transverse timbers on the upper ends of
the piles and fastened together and to the piles by bolts passing through said
timbers at their intersections into the piles and protruding at their upper ex-
panded ends beyond the upper surface of the grillage, and a concrete top on
said grillage and embedding the said protruding bolt ends, substantially as
described.
3. In a dock structure, the combination with the pile foundation, of grillage
comprising longitudinal timbers and transverse timbers on the upper ends of
the piles and fastened together and to the piles by bolts passing through said
timbers at their intersections into the piles and protruding at their upper expanded
ends beyond the upper surface of the grillage, a concrete top on said grillage and
embedding the said protruding bolt ends, anchor-piling, and anchor-roads embedded
in said top and extending and fastened to said anchor-piling, substantially as
described.
4. In combination with a dock structure comprising a pile foundation sur-
mounted by grillage carrying a concrete ton, a mooring-post on said top and
anchored to the grillage, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
5. In combination with a dock structure comprising a pile foundation sur-
mounted by grillage carrying a concrete top, a mooring-post fastened to timbers
secured on said top, and vertical and diagonal anchor-rods connecting said post
with the grillage and passing through said top, substantially as described.
6. In combination with a dock structure comprising a pile foundation sur-
mounted by grillage carrying a concrete top anchored to anchor-piling, a moor-
ing-post fastened to timbers secured on said top, vertical and diagonal anchor-
rods connecting said post with the grillage and passing through said top, and
anchor-rods connecting said post with the anchor-piling, substantially as and for
the purpose set forth.
7. In combination with a dock structure comprising a pile foundation sur-
mounted by grillage carrying a concrete top, a mooring-post fastened to timbers
secured on said top, blocks m² and n¹ embedded in the concrete on said grillage,
a red m extending from the mooring-post through said top and terminating in
a plate m¹ confined against the under sides of said blocks m². and a rod n extend-
ing from said post diagonally through said top and block n' and fastened at its
inner end by a nut o' bearing against a metal shoe o with which the corner of
the block is bound, substantially as described.
Dated this 11th day of December 1899.
BOULT, WADE & KILBURN,
Agents for the Applicant.