IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING SPINNING DOUBLING AND WINDING COTTON WOOL, FLAX, SILK, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Sumner at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 10th December 1881.
WILLIAM SUMNER of Preston in the County of Lancaster Spindle Flyer Ring
Maker and Machinist. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
PREPARING SPINNING DOUBLING AND WINDING COTTON WOOL, FLAX, SILK, AND
OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
My Invention consists in the first place of improvements in the mode and
arrangement for making a drag traveller presser or pressers for a yarn drag and
yarn carrier to bobbin spool or cop adaptable to ring frames used for preparing,
spinning, and winding purposes which I construct to have a ring presser bearing or
presser carrier so formed that either the outside or inside of the rim or flange
of the ring runs in grooves or channels of dies formed within or connected
or fastened to the ring rails or a substitute therefor or the said dies may be formed
at the part which guides the ring with a part to fit into a recess or groove turned
either within the inner or outer edge of the revolving ring. This ring I prefer to
make of tempered thin steel or iron or other suitable metal and case hardened by
any suitable method. To this ring or revolving bearing I attach or fix the presser
or pressers which by preference I make to work on the centrifugal principle or
I make the form
they can be worked by springs or other elastic means.
of the presser (especially for preparing frames) at that part through which
the sliver or yarn passes to the bobbin, spool, or cop, and near the part which rests
on the bobbin or cop so that it strengthens or holds together the staple
of the slivers or yarn and makes it more easy to drag round the traveller presser
ring in its race in the dies attached to the ring rail. I form the presser
with a curve, hook, or eye, as a yarn guide and between that part of the
presser which has its fulcrum and bears against the bobbin spool or cop and the
part of the presser which is attached to the travelling ring to the periphery of the
bobbin or cop I form as a hook or curve for the purpose of leading the yarn from
the thread boards to the presser eyclet hole thence to the bobbin spool or cop or the
sliver or yarn may be brought direct from the thread board guide and direct to the

page_text: presser eyelet or near its paddle thence to the bobbin spool or cop. The advantage
of this formation of traveller presser is that a lighter friction race is obtained for
the presser bearings to revolve in and also the ring being made of thin metal can
be produced at comparatively less cost than ordinary rings. The presser having its
fulcrum at the periphery of the bobbin spool or cop and near the yara passage of
the presser enables the frame to spin preparing slivers weft or soft yarns also hard
twist yarns.
My Invention relates in the second place to improved arrangements for making a
drag traveller presser being constructed as follows. The ring rail I bore out to
receive a ring as at present but I form the ring with thin top and bottom flanges
one of which flanges extends upwards above the frame ring rail and the other
flange extends downwards below the ring rail. These flanges form a race for the
traveller presser to revolve around. The presser is formed so that it travels around
the race of the ring being left slightly loose thereon in order that it may be free
to turn on the ring. The arm of the presser extends outwards from the race of
the ring and the outer end bears against the outside of the bobbin or cop spindle
and is of the shape of a thin paddle near the outer cad of which a hook
curl or eyelet for the yarn to pass is formed. By these means I am enabled
to open the presser from the bare spindle to the full bobbin or cop and at
the same time keep the presser in its position at the race of the ring. The
advantages olitained are an easy running traveller presser and capable of spinning
the softest slivers or yarns and by reducing the number of the turns spun per
inch will greatly increase the production.
My Invention relates in the third place to an improved arrangement of
yarn guide for ring By or cop spinning, preparing, doubling or winding frames.
The ordinary thread guides are made from round wire of about one eighth of an
inch diameter or from machine formed guides having round surfaces of fully greater
diameters. This round surface of the wire causes a comparatively large friction
surface at the part where the yarn passes over equal to about three sixteenths of an
inch in length. This is objectionable as the friction surface tends to retard
and diminish the twist of the yarn between the yarn guide and the delivery rollers
where the yarn is the weakest. In lieu of this arrangement I make the thread
guides at the part where the contact of the yarn takes place, of a wedge,
conical, angular or other suitable shape the object being to reduce the
bearing or friction surface of the thread guide to the greatest possible extent at the
part where the yarn comes in contact with it thus permitting the twist to
pass from the bobbin or cop much more freely than when round wire is used and
producing more even yarn also enabling the yarn to be spun with less twist which
is an advantage when spinning weft or preparing bobbins, also in good twist yarns
another advantage gained is that the amount of yarn waste made in a frame
is very materially reduced thus effecting a great saving in material.
My Invention relates in the fourth place to the manner of fixing the position of
the thread guides which are at present for fly and ring spinning placed from about
one and three quarters to two inches above the top of the bobbin spool or spindle.
My improvement consists in bringing the under side of the yarn guide, and the top
of the spindle, spool or bobbin near together so as to reduce the friction of the yarn
upon the yarn guide, or the thread guide can be so placed that at every revolution
of the spindle the yarn will be gently lifted froin the yarn guide by the yarn
touching the top of the spindle, spool fly or hobbin, or any application affixed or
placed to the top of the spindle, spool, or bobbin for the purpose of removing the
yarn at the yarn guide, thus permitting the whole of the twist in the yarn at the
cop or bobbin, to run freely to the nip of the rollers thus effecting a uniform twist
throughout the whole length of yarn on the cop or bobbin and increasing the
strength of the yarn even with considerable less twist in. The advantages gained
especially with the addition thereto of the yarn guides hereinbefore mentioned are
that more uniform slivers or yarn can be spun, aud with less twist than by any other
known method also the softest or short staple cotton can be spun on a bare spindle

page_text: in the ring frame. The top of the yarn guide being brought say two inches nearer
to the top of the cop or bobbin in a ring frame I utilise this difference by
increasing the lift of the frame, without having any more length of yarn between
the yarn guide and the traveller, when the traveller is commencing to spin a cop
or bobbin thus for example when spinning a five inch lift by the ordinary method.
I can spin by my improved arrangement a seven inch lift with equal facility thus
placing upon the cop or bobbin fully forty per cent. more yarn which is an
important advantage both lasting longer and less waste of yarn.
revolution of the spindle, spool, or bobbin, the yarn that is below the yarn guide
receives a light circular motion. This motion will aid or help an ordinary
traveller to move when spinning slivers or yarn at or near the bare spindle.
At each
My Invention relates in the fifth place to an arrangement for fixing a ring, hoop,
or cap, of metal or other hard substance upon or near the top of the ring spinning or
doubling spools or bobbins for the purpose of strengthening the spool or bobbin at
this part also for keeping smooth the spool or bobbin at the part where the yarn
touches it in its passage from the yarn guide to the traveller. (Another method) I
affix to the top of the bobbins or spindles a lo se part of a button or other form,
which for bobbins is formed of a light spring shank to fit into the hole at the top
of the bobbin and the button for the bare spindle I form with a short elastic socket
to fit the top of the spindle. The advantage of the hoops, rings, caps, or button
shaped rims or flanges to spools or bobbins are that in ring spinning or doubling
the yarn cannot be cut or damaged by jagged or cut bobbins or spools.
My Invention consists in the sixth place in a mode or arrangement for making a
"Rabbeth "
or self-containing spindle so that as the footstep or spindle wears, the
spindle can be readily adjusted to its proper height, also I form at or around the
footstep a recess as an oil reservoir or receptacle for sediments and constructed as
follows. At the bottom of a Rabbeth" or other self containing spindle tubes I
insert a phosphor bronze or other metal footstep extending downwards below the
bottom of the tube. On the outside a screw thread is formed which works in a
thread formed in the tube which enables me to adjust the footstep and raise the
spindle as the footstep or spindle wear. The screwed footstep is held in the
required position by means of a lock-nut which screws against the bottom of the
spindle tube. I also reduce for a short distance the length of the footstep near its
top or I form a small chamber or recess in the tube near the top of the footstep for
an oil reservoir or sediment receptacle. The advantages of this arrangement are I
can always keep the spindles of a uniform height throughout the frame, which is a
great advantage to the spinner or doubler. Also it an easy method for cleaning
out the tube from ditty oil when required.
My Invention consists in the seventh place of a mode or arrangement for making
a self containing spindle adaptable for spinning, roving, intermediate, or stubbing
spindles in ring frames, which I construct as follows:-I form a tube (which
contains the footstep and collar) which I firmly fasten or screw to the frame footstep
rail within which tube I place a spindle upon which is fastened a sleeve, at the
bottom of the sleeve I form or fusten a bobbin wheel to drive the bobbin. The
advantage of this method is I get a spindle which requires little oil in lubri-
cation, and its cost will be much less than the present method.