AN IMPROVED MACHINE OR MACHINES FOR MAKING AND COVERING ALL CLASSES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph William Lewis, of Coventry, in the
County of Warwick, Warehouseman, for the Invention of “AN
IMPROVED MACHINE OR MACHINES FOR MAKING AND COVERING ALL CLASSES
Sealed the 4th February 1873, and dated the 7th August 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph William Lewis
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 7th August 1872.
I, JOSEPH WILLIAM LEWIS, of Coventry, in the County of Warwick,
Warehouseman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED MACHINE OR MACHINES FOR MAKING AND COVERING ALL CLASSES
OF CORDS, GIMPS, AND OTHER TWISTED MATERIALS AND FABRICS," to be as follows,
that is to say :-
The machine consists of a shaft or shafts set in motion by any
suitable motive power, upon which are fixed cog wheels at suitable

page_text: distances apart, one of which wheels coming in contact with a cog
wheel affixed to the cylinder carrying the foundation or gut of the
material to be manufactured, causes the foundation or gut to become
twisted. The material passing between rotary drums at the extreme
end of the machine is caused to pass through a second cylinder which
carries the material required for covering the foundation or gut. This
cylinder is caused to have a reverse motion to the first one, by the
introduction of a cog wheel between it and the fixed cog wheel on the
shaft.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joseph William Lewis in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 7th February 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
WILLIAM LEWIS, of Coventry, in the County of Warwick, Warchouse-
man, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Joseph William Lewis, Her special
license that I, the said Joseph William Lewis, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Joseph William Lewis,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"AN IMPROVED MACHINE OR MACHINES FOR MAKING AND COVERING ALL CLASSES
OF CORDS, GIMPS, AND OTHER TWISTED MATERIALS AND FABRICS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Joseph William Lewis, my

page_text: executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph William Lewis, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and'
by the following statement, that is to say :-
.
The object of my Invention is to make various descriptions of cords,
threads, gimps, and other similarly spun, twisted, and covered materials
of fabrics with self-acting machinery set in motion by suitable driving
power instead of producing such articles by means of a wheel and hand
labor in a spinning shed in the ordinary manner.
-
:
The chief results of the improved manufacture are, greater perfection
and accuracy in making the articles, their production with rapidity and
in any required continuous length, instead of in lengths regulated by
the dimensions of the ordinary spinning shed, and a great saving in
manual labor.
I shall describe my improvements as applied to a single machino
or single scries of machines capable of producing a spiral, twisted, or
covered cord in three processes; the first is twisting the foundation
or gut; secondly, covering the gut; and thirdly, coiling or covering the
› whole with finishing material; by extending the machine other coverings
may be added,.or a series of machines may be connected together and
worked simultaneously, as hercin-after described.
•
In order that my Invention may be more clearly understood, I will
now proceed to describe the same by aid of the Drawings hercunto-
) annexed, reference being had to the letters and figures marked thereon.
Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a front elevation, and Figure 2, a sido elevation
of my improved machine; Figures 3, 4, and 5, Sheet 2, are sectional
plans from above, showing respectively the lowest or foundation stage,
the middle or first covering stage, and the top or finishing stage ;
Figures 6 and 7 being details herein-after described.

page_text: my
The machine is mounted on a suitable framework (A). (a) is a cross
shaft working in bearings and carrying fast and loose pulleys (a¹), (a'),
for the driving power; (b) is a mitre pinion secured to the shaft (a) and
actuating a second mitre pinion (6') fixed upon and imparting motion
to the main vertical shaft (c) upon which is sccured a cog wheel (d) ₺
working a pinion (d) which actuates a short vertical shaft or axis (e),
upon which is mounted a revolving table (S), termed in Provisional
Specification a cylinder, but I prefer to use a table or disc, as shown
at (f), in preference to a cylinder having a rim or sides; the revolving
table carries a reel or spool (9) with the gut or foundation material 1
upon it; the reel (g) in revolving with the table (f) will cause the gut
material to be twisted, the spring (7) keeping the material from
becoming slack; and in order to stretch the material after it has been
twisted, I use any of the ordinary or well-known methods, such as
rollers or pullies; this having been done the thread or gut is again 1
brought to the point (i), Figure 2, and is passed through a hollow tube
or axial shaft (k), Figure 2, and through the second revolving table (n)
ready for the second operation.
Upon the hollow shaft (%) is mounted a small pinion (2) driven by a
second pinion (4) attached to and working with the pinion (m) actuated 2
by the pinion (m³) from the main shaft (c). The pinion (1) is secured
to the second table (12), and causes the table (n) to revolve with it, the
table (2) carries the second reel or spool upon which is the first covering
material, and leaving the reel (o) it passes through an eye in an upright
bar (p) when it meets the gut or foundation twisted thread, and by the 2
continuous revolution of the table (n) becomes twisted or coiled upon
such gut, and the cord thus covered passes through the top of the
bar (p) for the third or finishing process. The cord then enters a
guide tube (r), Figure 2, Sheet 1, used for the purpose of keeping
the thread straight, and passes up the tube or axial shaft (8), Figure 2, 3
Sheet 1, upon which is mounted the third revolving table (t), the plan
and clevation of which and its attendant parts being shewn more clearly
in Figures 6 and 7, Sheet 2. The table (1) is worked by a similar arrange-
ment of cog wheels and pinions from the main shaft (c) as the table (n)
last described, the speed at which tho revolving tables are required to 3
travel being regulated by the sizes of such cog wheels and pinions, and
in most cases the speed increases with each stage, according to the
closeness of the twist or coil required.

page_text: The thread passes up the tube or axial shaft (s) before named through
the table (4) and through eyes in an upright guiding bar (u), at the top
of which it is met by the second covering material coming from the
third reel or spool (2) having passed through an eye in the head! (10)
3 of the guiding bar (u), and by, the revolution of the third table (i) the
second covering material will become coiled or twisted upon the thread,
and thus finish the spiral or twisted cord or thread desired to be pro-
duced, tho finished cord then passes over a grooved bobbin or guide (x),
and thence to a drum (y) revolving with a shaft by, means of mitre
wheels () and other suitable gearing in connection with a wormed
boss (1) on the head of the shaft (c).¨¨
It will be seen that the drum (y) is formed with graduated collars for
regulating the speed at which the material is required to be withdrawn
or gathered up from the bobbin (z) on to the receiving spool (2), and
5 also for the purpose of regulating the quantity of finishing material to
be coiled upon the thread.
The receiving spool (2) revolves for the purpose of winding the
finished cord by means of a strap. (3) on suitable pullies (4) and (5)
driven by the wormed boss (1) on the main shaft (c) actuating the
small tooth pinion (6), Figure 5, and to regulate the winding of the
cord upon the spool (2). I employ a movable arm or bar (7) worked
by means of a cam (8) in a cam groove (9), so as to produce a to-
and-fro or traversing movement of the arm or bar (7), and whichi
having an eye formed in a cross arm (10) for the thread to pass
5 through, it follows that with the traverse of the arm (7) the cord
will be regularly wound upon the receiving spool (2) from end to end
continuously.
I propose to use any convenient form of break apparatus, such as the
crank fork and arm arrangement, shewn at (11) and (12), and in order
to stop the machine in case of the breakage of the cord or a deficiency
in the material being used, I have provided a self-acting stop movement.
in connection with the break, consisting of an upright pivotted catch
or claw (13), which when the machine is -in-motion is up in place, as
shewn in the Drawings, its lower end taking. into a recess or notch
formed in a sliding lateral bar (14), upon the cnd (15) of which and
passing over a pulley is suspended a cord or chain and suitable weight;

page_text: upon the revolving table (c) is secured a box (16) having a slide (17)
with a tendency by means of the spring (18) to fly out, as indicated
by the dotted lines in Figure 6); but held in place when the machine
is at work by a cord (19), Figures 7 and 8, having an eye through
which the material passes on its way to be coiled; thus when the cord 5
(19) is released by the breakage or termination of the material being
used the spring (18) being no longer held at tension is released, taking
with it the slide (17) and the table (1) continuing to revolve the rounded
end of the slide (17) comes into contact with the head of the pivotted
catch or claw (13) causing it to fall back, releasing its lower end from 1
the recess in the lateral bar (14), and operating the break by reason of.
the weight upon the end (15) of the bar throwing out the fork, and
consequently the strap on to the loose pulley, thus stopping the machine.
I have described a series of 3 revolving tables (ſ), (n), and (1),
working in unison; I may however, as for instance in the manufacture 1
of gimp, employ two only of such tables, or for certain descriptions of
cords it may be found preferable to uso more than three of such tables,
in which case it is only necessary to repeat the mechanical actions
described one upon the other.
For clearness of illustration I have also shewn one spool or reel upon 2
cach revolving table; this arrangement may be varied by the employ-
ment of two or more spools or reels upon any or all of the revolving
tables when it may be necessary to produce a thicker or closer gut,
twist, or covering, or materials of various colors coiled with regularity.
As before stated I have described a single machine or single series
of machines, but any suitable number of such machines may be grouped
together or formed in the same framework, being connected by means
of intermediate cog wheels, and the whole working simultaneously being
driven by the same power; each machine in such case will produce its
own thread, and the whole series of machines may be under the control;
of one person.
Having thus described the object and nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be carried into effect, I
claim, without confining myself to these precise details, the general
arrangement and combination of the several mechanical parts forming
improved machinery for making or covering all classes of cords, gimps,

page_text: and other twisted materials and fabrics, substantially in manner as
herein more fully set forth and specified.
In witness whercof, I, the said Joseph William Lewis, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three.
JOSEPH WILLIAM LEWIS. (L.S.)