Improvements in the Manufacture of Ammonium Nitrate.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Mar., 1889
Complete Specification Left. 28th Nov.. 1889-Accepted, 4th Jan., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Ammonium Nitrate.
I, EUGÈNE CAREZ of 72 Rue du Marais Brussels in the Kingdom of Belgium
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:-
The present invention consists in the application of a new process for the industrial
manufacture of ammonium nitrate without the use of nitric acid or of liquid
ammonia, the industrial employment of which is not economical and is at all times
very dangerous or at least is always obnoxious to the workmen charged with the
manipulation of these products.
The industrial preparation of ammonium nitrate according to this new process
worked out by us requires three operative phases or three consecutive operations as
follows:-
Natural barium sulphate otherwise the "barytes" or "heavy spar" is transformed
into sulphide by calcining this product in the absence of air with a mixture of
charcoal and resin oil. The crude barium sulphide is boiled with sulphur in powder
and the polysulphide solution which results is then treated with sodium nitrate.
After evaporation and crystallization, the barium nitrate is separated. Then the
barium nitrate is caused to react upon ammonium sulphate. The two salts give
birth by double decomposition to barium sulphate which serves indefinitely for the
preparation of the sulphur and of ammonium nitrate which is then crystallized.
The salt thus obtained is pure, its preparation does not require the employment of
liquid corrosive acids or the disengagement of odours or other emanations obnoxious
to the workmen.
WM. P. THOMPSON, & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Ammonium Nitrate.
1, EUGÈNE CAREZ of 72 Rue du Marais, Brussels, in the Kingdom of Belgium,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
The present invention consists in the application of a new process for the industrial
manufacture of ammonium nitrate without the use of nitric acid or of liquid
ammonia, the industrial employment of which is not economical and is at all times
very dangerous or at least is always obnoxious to the workinen charged with the
manipulation of these products.
The industrial preparation of ammonium nitrate according to this new process
worked out by me requires three operative phases or three consecutive operations, as
follows
--
Natural barium sulphate, otherwise the "barytes" or "heavy spar," is transformed
into sulphido, by calcining this product in the absence of air with a mixture of
charcoal and resin oil. The crude barium sulphide is mixed with sulphur in powder
and water and the mixture boiled. The polysulphide solution which results is then
treated with sodium nitrate. After evaporation and crystallisation, the barium.
nitrate is separated, then the barium nitrate is caused to re-act upon ammonium
sulphate. The two salts give birth, by double decomposition, to barium sulphate
which serves indefinitely for the preparation of the sulphide and of ammonium

page_text: nitrate, which is then crystallised. The salt thus obtained is pure, its preparation
does not require tho employment of liquid corrosive acids or the liberation of odours
or other emanations obnoxious to the workmen.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The process of manufacturing ammonium nitrate, consisting in calcining barium
sulphate out of contact with air with a mixture of charcoal and resin oil (or other
hydrocarbonaceous matter) and mixing the product of the re-action with sulphur and
water and boiling the liquid in order to produce polysulphide, and transforming this
into barium nitrate by means of sodium nitrate, and decomposing this after previous
crystallisation with ammonium sulphate in order to produce on the one hand
ammonium nitrate and on the other to recover the barium sulphate.
2. The employment in general of polysulphides for the preparation of barium
nitrate.
Dated this 27th day of Navmhan 1000
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.