Improvements in Machines for Stamping, Ramming, Hammering, and the like.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Dec., 1899-Accepted, 17th Feb., 1900
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Stamping, Ramming, Hammering,
and the like.
I, LADISLAUS LATKIEWICZ, of 33, Mokotowska, Warsaw, Russian Poland,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to machines for stamping, ramming, hammering and
the like.
The novelty of the present invention consists in effecting the regulation of
the to and fro movements of the rammer or other tool by means of two suitably
constructed pawl mechanisms.
The accompanying drawing illustrates by way of example an arrangement of
compressed air machine comprising apparatus constructed in accordance with
this invention.
In the drawing C indicates an air cylinder which communicates with an air-
compressor through the pipe d that is provided with the controlling cock V.
The rod A which is fixed to the piston k carries at its lower end a rammer, hammer,
caulking tool, chisel or other tool according to requirements.
The position of the air cylinder and of the rod although shown as being
vertical in the arrangement illustrated by way of example in the accompanying
drawing is really quite immaterial and depends wholly and solely on the re-
quirements of the work.
Of the two pawl mechanisms, the one 6 which is stationary, is situated close
to the air cylinder; the other b¹ is movable and is arranged in such a manner
that when it is operated by means of a crank z (or in any other suitable way) it
can move to and fro along the rod A. The construction of the pawls may be
of any desired nature, the sole condition which these mechanisms must fulfil
is that even when in their locked positions, they must not interfere with the
return movements of the rod (that is to say in the direction towards the air
cylinder).
This may be effected in very many ways:-
excentric system of the following nature.
-The drawing illustrates a friction
is
The excentric S which is adapted to be actuated by means of the lever
pressed by the spring t automatically against the rod A, so as to grip or jam the
latter fast. If now the lever q be pressed downwards this has the result of
moving the excentric S (overcoming the elasticity of the spring t) away from
5 the rod and thus doing away with the friction between these two parts. At
the same time the tappet r of the excentric S snaps into a suitable notch in the
auxiliary lever h the inner arm of which is constantly pressed upward by the
spring f. In this manner the open position of the mechanism (notwithstanding
the power of the spring t) is secured till further notice, as is shown in the draw
10 ing in the case of the upper pawl b.
If, on the contrary, the outer arm of the lever h (overcoming the resistance
at the anring f) be lifted upward, this causes the projection r to become released

page_text: and thus the excentric S is pulled by the spring t towards the rod, so as to grip
the latter and prevent it from moving outwards (downwards). The lower mov-
able mechanismi b' which is movable, but in other respects substantially similar
to the mechanism 6, is shown at the moment at which it is pulling the rod
(that is gripped by it) up with it and has already traversed one-half of its
stroke.
In the further upward movement of the pawl.b, the lever q' strikes at a
definite moment against a fixed stop m. This causes obviously the pawl
mechanism to become released, because the tappet r snaps into the notch in h¹.
Consequently the rod A is forced' outwards (downwards) by the action of the
air pressure in the cylinder (or by its own weight).
Now the pawl b (which has been released or opened and is now driven by the
crank ) begins its rearward movement along the rod A. At the lowest point
of its path the outer arm of the auxiliary lever h¹ strikes against a second fixed
stóp which releases the tappet r and thus operates the excentric S. The latter
grips the rod fast and draws it towards the air cylinder whereupon the excentric
is again released by the stop m so as to allow the rod to be forced out, and so
forth.
...
The two stops.m and n may be fixed or adjustably mounted on a rod o attached
to the air cylinder. From the drawing it will be clearly seen that the rod A is,
capable of moving inwards (upwards) even when the pawis b and bare closed.
in order to stop the apparatus it is merely necessary to lock the fixed pawl
mechanism by means of the lever q, whereby the outward (downward) move-
ments of the rod are rendered impossible, whilst at every stroke of the movable
mechanism 6 the rod moves inwards (up) to the extent of a stroke.
This movement of the rod (the extent of one stroke at each revolution of the
crank) continues until the excentric S¹ meets the recess or cut-away portion a a
of the rod, when there is no longer any contact between the excentric and the
rod, and during the downward movement the movable mechanism 6 runs idle
without carrying the rod A along with it.
J
It is to be understood that the portion a a must be of a sufficient length which
must in no case be smaller than the distance m n equal to the half of the
revolution of the crank z.
When it is desired to start the machine again to work, it is merely necessary,
by means of the auxiliary lever h, to release the stationary mechanism b that is
gripping the rod A, whereupon all the above described operations begin anew.
The arrangement has many advantages, some of which may be specified as
follows:-
The height of the lift (stroke) of the rod (stamp) remains always the same,
and consequently the force of the blow is entirely independent of the lower or
higher position of the material being stamped or rammed, or of the unevenness
of the top surface of the latter, because the blow is regulated solely by the air
pressure above the piston (K). The simplicity of the mechanical construction
allows of arranging a number of rammers side by side; for instance they may
be arranged on the periphery of a circle, as is often necessary in moulding work
in foundries. Also, the rammer can be arranged on a pivoted lever, in the
manner of the drills in a radial drilling machine, &c.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In machines for acting on materials by means of blows, the use of two
pawl mechanisms adapted to be operated by hand or automatically, which are
arranged one behind or after the other on the hammer rod (stamp rod) in the
longitudinal direction of the latter in such a manner that they are adapted to
grip the rod fast in the direction of the blow only, without interfering in any

page_text: 01 saiu pa
circumstances with the return movement of the said rod, one
mechanisms being fixed and serving to interrupt the blows, whilst the other
moves to and fro in the direction of the length of the rod and serves for the
purpose of moving the rod back.
2. The regulating apparatus as described and shown in the accompanying
drawings.
1
December 1899.
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.