Improvements in and connected with Torpedoes.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Aug., 1899-Accepted, 2nd Aug., 1900
Improvements in and connected with Torpedoes.
I, EMIL KASELOWSKY, of 17/18, Chaussee Strasse, of Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia,
German Empire, Counsellor of Commerce, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
In torpedoes steered and inaintained in a straight course by gyroscopes, it can be
arranged that the torpedo after being launched, shall not maintain the direction in
which it was launched but it shall take a course angular to the original one, as soon
as it is submerged in the water.
As is well known, this diversion or deviation takes place, when the distributing
gear of the auxiliary motor on one side of its central position is connected to the
central position of the gyroscope fly-wheel so that when the torpedo is launched and
enters the water, the steering of the auxiliary motor affects the steering so as to
immediately cause its diversion.
The torpedo having thus deviated from its course keeps up the new direction until
the auxiliary motor is adjusted again to its normal position, the direction then obtained
being the required course in which the torpedo is to run.
It is of great importance to be able to regulate at convenience the deviation of the
torpedo with respect to the direction of the launching tube, either before the torpedo
is placed in the launching-tube, or when already within the same.
As above mentioned, the course taken by the torpedo when launched depends upon
the relative position of the normal position of the auxiliary-motor distributing gear,
to the normal position of the gyroscope-fly-wheel and my invention consists in
providing means for varying the deviation of the torpedo at convenience, either by
altering the relative positions of the rods so as to vary the effective combined length
of the said rods between the fly-wheel and the slide-valve of the auxiliary-motor, thus
altering the position of the slide-valve with regard to the inlet and outlet ports or
vice versu by leaving the length of the rods unchanged and by opening and closing
the ports of a rotary valve governing the motor.
My invention will be better understood with reference to the accompanying drawing,
in which similar letters denote similar parts, and in which :
Figure 1 Sheet 1 represents a vertical transverse section at about the line A B
Figure 3 through the torpedo shewing clearly the mechanisın, by means of which
regulation of the steering is obtained.
Figure 2 Sheet 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of same at about the line CD
Figure 3.
Figure 3 Sheet 2 is a plan partly in section and shows the gyroscope of the
auxiliary motor and the mechanism connected therewith in the central position.
Figure 4 Sheet 2 is a detail view.
Figure 5 Sheet 3 is a view similar to Figure 3, the distributing gear being out of
the normal position.
Figure 6 Sheet 4 shows a vertical transverse section through the mechanism applied
to another mode of arrangement.
Figure 7 Sheet 3 is a horizontal section of the same,

page_text: Figure 8 Sheet 2 is a side view of the gyroscope case, showing some details.
Figure 9 Sheet 4 is a vertical transverse section through the casing of the
distributing valve,
Figures 10-13 Sheet 5 shew horizontal sections through the same.
In both modes of arrangement the adjustment is effected by a rod 6 guided in a
stuffing box a fixed to the casing a² of the torpedo. Suitable packing a¹ is provided
in the box to obtain a watertight joint. The rod b is surrounded by a spring f and
is constantly pressed upwards by reason of the spring taking against a flange on the
rod b Figure 1. The upper end of the rod b is provided with a square head b¹ adapted
to be turned by a key b² (shewn in dotted lines Figure 1) being applied to the head
from the outside. The fly-wheel's Figures 3 and 5 of the gyroscope before being
set in motion is kept in position by suitable means, and the rod s¹ being connected
to the suspending ring or gimbal of the fly-wheel and the rod 82 being also
connected to the rod s¹, thus both rods are temporarily fixed. The rod 82 is also
connected to a lever so adapted to oscillate on a pivot e the latter being mounted on
the lateral projecting piece 87. d is a three-sided, square or prismatical head capable
of being turned and is pinned to a bolt d'. On the bottom extremity of the rod b is
mounted a box spanner 621 to fit the head d. The triangular head d is located upon
the lever arm 8 and is connected by means of the bolt d and the angle-lever d² to a
rod 8. The latter is connected to the lever d' adapted to oscillate round the pivot d
arranged in the projecting lug d. The distribution of the air into the motor is
effected by means of the lever or arm d and the double armed lever d' which is
adapted to oscillate round the pivot d8 arranged in the projecting lug de of the motor
case do and the said lever d is connected to the rod of the slide-valve of the
motor.
When, after the rod 6 has been pressed down the head d is turned to the right, so
that the joint of the arm s3 takes the position indicated by the letter y (Figure 5)
the lever d* influencing the regulation of the auxiliary motor takes the position illus-
trated in Figure 5. When the head d is turned to the left and the arm 83 takes the
position marked x, the lever d and the slide valve take a position contrary to
that illustrated in Figure 5. Over the head d a box c provided with a flange c¹ is
fitted (Figures 1 and 2) which being influenced by the spring presses with said
flange against an annular clamp g rigidly connected to the arm 8 so that the upward
movement of the box c is limited. In the flange c¹ are cut three recesses c² c³ c
(Figure 4). The clamp g is provided with a tooth f engaging into one of the recesses,
for instance 3 of the flange c¹. When the box c is pressed down by means of the
box spanner or key 62 the box 621 of the rod b is pressed down so far, until it comes
into contact with the part 8" of the arm 85, it is then freed from the tooth f² and can
be turned. When the box c is released and again rises owing to the pressure of the
spring f1, the tooth f2 of the clamp 9 can engage into another recess such as c² or c¹.
By bevelling more or less the head of the tooth f2 inaccuracies may be completely
prevented.
Evidently the described arrangement may be conveniently altered, for instance by
providing more recesses in the edge of the flange c¹, whereby more variation of adjust-
ment will be rendered possible. By turning the box c either in one or the other
direction and coupling it with the arms, the effective length of the rods connecting
the gimbal of the fly-wheel s with the slide valve of the auxiliary motor becomes
greater or less according to the position of the lever d² as shewn in Figures 3 and 5.
By this means the slide-valve of the auxiliary motor is moved and alters the distribu-
tion of air into the motor, so that the piston of the motor being connected to the 5
rudder will also be moved and will thus effect the deviation of the torpedo.
As for the second mode of arrangement shewn in Figure 6 Sheet 4 the mechanism
for effecting the deviation is similar to that firstly described. A stuffing box a is
fixed to the casing a² of the torpedo. Within this stuffing box a rod b is guided and
a watertight joint is effected within the box by a packing a The lower part of 5
the rod b is guided in bearings 68 fixed to the casing a* of the torpedo. This lower part
of the rod b rests upon a lever C pivotted to a bolt C₁. The front end of the lever Crests

page_text: upon a lever E adapted to oscillate round the bolt E¹. A spiral spring f constantly
presses the rod b upwards. A lever D is keyed to rod band is caused to move by means
of a key to fit the square b¹ (Figure 6). n is the air distributing valve of the motor,
Figures 7-9). A lever m provided with a stud or head q is rigidly connected to the said
valve (Figures 7 & 9). This head q engages into a recess D₁ of the lever D, (Figure 7).
A rod G (Figure 8) constantly pressed upwards by a spring k within a casing or box i
is provided on its upper part with a disc in which are fixed studs h¹ h², the latter
being guided in a disc, Figure 8. These bolts engage alternatively into the recess m
of the lever m and thus fix its position. The valve-cock o (Figures 7 and 9) of the
motor is connected to the gimbal ring r of the gyroscope fly-wheel by means of the
lever P and the rods t t (Figure 7). This cock is provided with channels, which are
brought in connection with tubes fixed in the valve casing n¹ Figure 9. By means
of this valve cock the distribution of air to the auxiliary motor is effected according
to the position of the gyroscope. In the normal position of the lever m and of the
distributing box n, as illustrated in Figure 7, the cock o effects the distribution of air
to the auxiliary motor so that the course of the torpedo is in the direction of the
Jaunching tube. When however a certain deviation of the torpedo with respect to
the direction of the launching-tube is to be effected, the rod b is pressed down by
means of a key applied to the square head of the rod b. The lever C is thus pressed
against the lever E and draws the rod G together with the studs h h h² downwards,
so that the latter become disengaged from the lever m and are only guided within the
plate (Figures 67 & 8). Now the rod b and consequently the lever D is turned into
the position required. The lever D by means of the stud 9 of the lever m displaces
the said lever m and thus also the distributing box n (Figures 7, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13)
so far until the lever m has left its position above the stud h¹ and stands over h or h².
If at this moment the pressure upon the rod 6 is taken off, the spring ƒ pushes the
same upwards; the spring k Figure 8 raises the rod G and brings the bolt h or h² into
engagement with the lever m after which the latter as well as the distributing box n
will be kept in the new position. By thus altering the position of the said box n in
relation to the distributing cock o the central position of the whole regulating
mechanism is altered, and the torpedo takes the required direction. Since the fly-
wheel in consequence of its gravity will always remain in its original position, the
suspending rings or gimbals of the gyroscope-wheel assume a position according to
the new direction of the torpedo and, by means of the levers t t and p Figures 6, 7, 8,
9, 10, 11, 12 and 13, alter the position of the valve cock o until again a normal state
of the distributing mechanism and consequently of the rudder will be obtained.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In torpedoes, the combination of an auxiliary motor, connected to the fly-wheel
of the gyroscope by rods variable in length, with means for altering the length of
said rods, between said motor and fly-wheel, for the purpose and substantially as
described.
2. In torpedoes, the combination of an auxiliary motor connected to the fly-wheel
by a gearing mechanism variable in length, with means adapted to be controlled from
the outside for altering the length of the gearing mechanisms between said motor
and fly-wheel, these means extending to the outside of the casing of the torpedo, for
the purpose and substantially as described.
3. In torpedoes, the combination of an auxiliary motor with a gyroscope, rods
fixed to the suspending ring of the fly-wheel, connecting the gyroscope to the
distributing gear of said motor, a square head operated from the outside for shortening
or lengthening the connecting rods, thereby altering the position of the motor air
distributing valve with respect to the gyroscope, means to operate the said square
head from the outside, either in one direction or in the other direction, for the purpose
as described.

page_text: 4. In torpedoes, the arrangement of the rod b guided within a stuffing box a fixed
in the casing of the torpedo, said rod being adapted to be turned from the outside, a
spring surrounding said rod and pressing the same outwards, a lever-D-fixed-to-the-
lower extremity of the rod b, a distributing box n, a lever m provided with a pin q
said lever being rigidly connected to the said box, the pin engaging with the lever D
of the rod b, a rod G arranged within a box i and pressed upwards by means of a
spring k, pins h h¹ h² attached to the rod G and fixing the position of the lever m and
thus also of the distributing box, a valve-cock o connected to the suspending ring of
the gyroscope wheel by means of the lever p and the rod t, for the purpose and
substantially as described.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.