Treating Iron, Steel, Ores or other Substances.
Year: 1885

page_text: Treating Iron, Steel, Ores, or other Substances.
We, JAMES RILEY, General Manager to The Steel Company of Scotland Limited,.
of 150 Hope Street, Glasgow in the County of Lanark, North Britain and
WILLIAM CROSSLEY of 153 Queen Street, Glasgow, in the same County, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of our said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND
CONNECTED WITH FURNACES FOR MELTING AND TREATING IRON, STEEL, ORES, OR
OTHER SUBSTANCES to be as follows, that is to say:-
"
Our said Invention has for its object to improve the construction and operation
of furnaces to be employed for melting or treating iron, steel, ores, or other
substances. And in carrying out our Invention a cupola and a reverberatory
chamber are combined the bottom of the cupola being formed so that metal or
other substances melted in it may run into the reverberatory chamber. The heating
gases which act in the reverberatory chamber pass on into the cupola and in it
ascend through the raw materials their heat being utilised as, in ascending, they
act on the cooler materials. The heat may be supplied by means of an ordinary
fireplace and grate constructed in connection with the reverberatory chamber, or it
may be supplied by means of gaseous fuel formed in a gas producer constructed
close to or at a distance from the reverberatory chamber. The gases may be
arranged to act in the reverberatory chamber with an oxidising or with a reducing
flame;
and when the latter is used, additional air may be injected to complete the
combustion of the gases at a suitable part of the cupola, so that the additional:
heat thereby obtainable may act on the materials in the cupola. Or air may be
injected in the reverberatory chamber so as to blow down upon the metal, or so as
to blow through it for the purpose of purifying or treating it. The necessary air
for the combustion of the gaseous fuel either in the reverberatory chamber or.
cupola may be supplied by means of a fan or blowing apparatus and may be
heated by the waste beat of the furnace itself or in other known ways and by.
means of any suitable known apparatus. The hearth of the reverberatory chamber
may be of a square, round, or other convenient form in plan, and it may be either
fixed or rotating.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicants' Agent.

page_text: Improvements in and Connected with Furnaces for melting and
Treating Iron, Steel, Ores, or other Substances.
We, JAMES RILEY, General Manager to The Steel Company of Scotland, Limited
of 150 Hope Street, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, and
WILLIAM CROSSLEY, of 153 Queen Street, Glasgow, in the same County, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of our said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND
CONNECTED WITH FURNACES FOR MELTING AND TREATING IRON, STEEL, ORES, OR
OTHER SUBSTANCES, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is
to say:
Our said Invention has for its object to improve the construction and operation
of furnaces to be employed for melting or treating iron, steel, ores, or other
substances; and furnaces and parts connected therewith as made according to our
Invention are shown upon three accompanying sheets of explanatory drawings; in
which drawings the same reference numerals are used to mark the same or like
parts wherever they are repeated.
On sheet, 1, of the accompanying drawings, figures, 1, and 2, are transverse and
longitudinal vertical sections, and figure, 3, is a horizontal section, of a modification
of our furnace arrangements in which the heat is obtained by means of an ordinary
fireplace and grate constructed in connection with the reverberatory or main
chamber of the furnace. In figure, 1, the section is as taken at the line A-B-C
in figures, 2, and 3.
On sheets, 2, and 3, another modification is shown in which gaseous fuel is to be
employed, figure, 4, being a longitudinal vertical section, figure, 5, a plan, and
figures 6, and 7, elevations of the opposite ends.
In describing the general features of our improved furnace arrangements we will
first do so with special reference to the modification shown on sheet, 1, of the
accompanying drawings, referring at the same time to the parts peculiar to that
modification. In our improved furnace a cupola, 11, and a reverberatory
chamber, 12, are combined the bottom, 13, of the cupola being formed so that
metal or other substances melted in it may run into the reverberatory chamber.
The heating gases which act in the reverberatory chamber, 12, pass on into the
cupola, and in it ascend through the raw materials, their heat being utilised as in
ascending they act on the cooler materials. The upper part of the cupola, 11, is
not shown in figures 1, 2, and 3; it may however be constructed and be provided
with appliances for charging it like ordinary cupolas for melting pig iron. In the
modification now being described the heat is obtained by means of an ordinary
fireplace, 14, and grate, 15, constructed in connection with the reverberatory
chamber, 12. This fireplace, 14, is provided with a valve feeding hopper, 16, at
the top, and the ashpit, 17, is closed, the air required for the combustion of the
fuel being led into the ashpit by a pipe, 18, from suitable blowing apparatus.
Apertures, 19, are formed in the roof of the fireplace, 14, for introducing stirring
instruments; and the top of the fireplace communicates in the usual way by a
bridge flue, 20, with the reverberatory chamber, 12. The gases may be arranged

page_text: to act in the reverberatory chamber, 12, with an oxidising or with a reducing
flame; and when the latter is used; additional air may be injected to complete the
combustion of the gases at a suitable part of the cupola, so that the additional
heat thereby obtained may act on the materials in the cupola. Or air may be
injected in the reverberatory chamber, 12, so as to blow down upon the metal, or
so as to blow through it for the purpose of purifying or treating it. The necessary
air for the combustion of the gaseous fuel either in the reverberatory chamber, 12,
or in the cupola, 11, may be supplied by means of a fan or blowing apparatus,
and it may be heated by the waste heat of the furnace itself or in any other known
way, and by means of any suitable known apparatus. The modification shown on
sheet, 1, of the drawings is provided with apparatus for injecting heated air down
upon the metal in the reverberatory chamber, 12, there being a space, 21, formed
in the inner wall of the fireplace, 14, into which air is led from the blowing
apparatus by a pipe, 22, and from which it passes into both ends of a curved
pipe, 23, extending across the roof of the furnace. The pipe, 23, has connected to
it a number of nozzles, 2+, which penetrate through the roof of the furnace and
which are shaped so as to direct jets of the heated air in the desired manner.
The hearth of the reverberatory chamber, 12, may be of a square, round, or
other convenient form in plan, and it may be either fixed or rotating; whilst the
lining may be basic or neutral, or acid.
The
In the modification of our improved furnace shown on sheets, 2, and 3, of the
drawings, a gas producer, 31, is constructed in immediate connection with the
reverberatory chamber, 12, the producer gas passing from one to the other by a
passage, 32, which unites with an air inlet passage, 33, at the entrance into the
reverberatory chamber. The gas producer, 31, is provided with the usual fuel-
feeding hopper, 34, at the top and is made with a contracted hearth or bottom, 35,
with an outlet, 36, and door, 37, for removing ashes. A pipe, 38, is fitted in
connection with the ashpit door, 37, for introducing a jet of steam or water and
apertures, 39, with covers are provided for introducing stirring instruments.
air for combustion is supplied by means of a fan or blowing apparatus from which
it is led by a pipe (not shown) connected to two branch pipes, 40, 41, indicated by
dotted lines in figure, 5, one, 40, of these branch pipes being connected to a pipe, 42,
passing partly round the bearth 35, and fitted with tuyeres, 43. The other branch
pipe, 41, leads air into a casing, 44, built into the wall round the lower part of the
gas producer, and in this casing the air becomes heated by radiation and conduction
from the hotest part of the fuel in the producer. From the heating chamber, 44,
the air passes by a pipe, 45, and two branch pipes, 46, up to a chamber, 47, formed
above the roof of the reverberatory chamber, 12, and after being further heated in
that chamber 47 proceeds by the passage, 33, into the reverberatory chamber itself.
When it is wished to inject air at or below the surface of the metal in the reverbe-
ratory chamber, 12, this may be done by means of tuyeres fitted to branch
pipes, 48, connected to the pipes, 46. The various pipes for supplying air are, of
course, fitted with valves by means of which the quantity passing through each
may be regulated.
As it will be convenient, if not absolutely necessary, to provide for easily getting
access to the bottom of the cupola, 11, and to the passage communicating between
it and the reverberatory chamber, 12, the bottom, 13, is formed in a removable
block, 50, the cupola, 11, itself being carried upon a sole plate, 51, resting on
pillars, 52. The parts are constructed so that the bottom block, 50, can be placed
close against the wall of the reverberatory chamber, 12, and close up to the bottom
of the cupola, 11. For the purpose of placing or removing the block, 50, a truck, 53,
on wheels is provided, and the block when being moved rests upon the truck by
means of transverse girders, 54 fixed to its bottom. Side girders, 55, are fixed at right
angles to and below the transverse girders 54; and when the block, 50, is properly
under the cupola, 11, these side girders, 55, are acted on by screw jacks, 56, so as
to raise the block, 50, up into contact with the bottom of the cupola, 11. Long
bolts, 57, are then used to connect the bottom plate of the block, 50, to the sole

page_text: plate, 51, of the cupola; after which the screw jacks, 56, are lowered, so that the
block then becomes as it were a part of the cupola and will not be subjected to
compressing or other strains which changes of temperature might cause if the
block were fixed, independently of the cupola. The block, 50, is held in contact
with the wall of the reverberatory chamber, 12, by bolts, 58, which being fixed to
the casing of the reverberatory chamber enter slotted brackets, 59, fixed to the
block, 50, and have nuts, screwed upon them against the outer sides of the brackets.
In figures, 4, and 5, are shown parts of a pair of inclined rails, 60, up which
a truck, 61, (figure, 4) is drawn for elevating the materials and tipping them into
the feeding door, 62, of the cupola, the truck 61, getting upon a tipping plate, 63,
at the top of the rails and being then tipped by the continued action of the
elevating chain, 64. In figure, 4, the upper parts of the cupola, 11, are shown as
though broken off and placed to one side of the lower part..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
1. The combination of a reverberatory furnace with a cupola substantially as
and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
2. The combination of a gas-producer with a reverberatory furnace and a cupola
substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
3. The use of gaseous fuel in a compound furnace in which a reverberatory
chamber and a cupola are combined, substantially as and for the purposes herein-
before described.
4. The making of the cupola bottom and communicating part of a compound
furnace in which a cupola and reverberatory chamber are combined in a removable
block substantially as and for the purposes herein before described.
Dated this Kifth day of Angust 1883
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicants' Agent.