matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
A New or Improved Preserved Soup Sauce or Liquid Compound.
Year: 1890

page_text: te of Application, 28th Aug., 1890-Accepted, 4th Oct., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Preserved Soup Sauce or Liquid Compound.
We VICTOR TOBIAS of 14 Poststrasse and HEINRICH FISCHER of 48 Spandauer-
strasse both Merchants of Berlin in the Kingdom of Prussia and German Empire do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
.statement:
The invention hereinafter described relates to an entirely new product that is to
say to animal and vegetable soups or compounds which are liquid and can when
sterilized be preserved for an unlimited time. Such soups or compounds may
consist of water meat or extract of meat with the addition of vegetables, spices, salt,
eggs, milk, cereals, grain, groats, nudeln, farinaceous products of every description
and other similar articles of food. Furthermore compounds or mixtures composed
of wine, fruit, chocolate, beer, potatoes, milk and water, may also be treated accord-
ing to this invention and rendered preservable by the same process.
The process according to which these soups or compounds can be preserved is as
follows:-
:-
The said soups or compounds are boiled in a suitable cooling apparatus and after-
wards cooled and freed or not from the fat they may contain. The soups or com-
pounds are subsequently poured into bottles or boxes until the latter are full and
finally placed in a sterilizing apparatus in which they are sterilized whereby all the
bacteria are killed or destroyed. Soups or compounds treated in this manner can be
preserved for an unlimited time.
In a like manner animal and vegetable sauces or mayonnaises may likewise be
preserved for an indefinite period.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what wo
claim is :-
A liquid soup or compound of any suitable description-freed or not from the fat
which it may contain composed of water meat or extract of meat with the
addition of vegetables, spices, salt, eggs, milk, cereals, potatoes, farinaceous products
of every description and similar articles of food or of any of them or a watery soup
or compound containing wine, fruit, beer, chocolate, potatoes, milk and the like,
which soup mayonnaise or other sauce or compound is boiled and cooled freed or
not from the fat it may contain and poured into bottles or receptacles until the latter
are full being subsequently sterilized in a suitable sterilizing apparatus and freed from
all bacteria and rendered permanently preservable substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
Dated this 28th day of August 1890
Improvements in the Ornamentation and Protection of the Selvages of Pile and other Woven Fabrics.
Year: 1890

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Ornamentation and Protection of the Selvages
of Pile and other Woven Fabrics.
I, ROBERT WILLIAMS, of Hyde Road, Gorton, Manchester, Finisher and Dresser,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The improvements relate to the ornamentation and protection of the selvages of
woven fabrics, and are more especially applicable to the selvages of cotton velvets,
velveteens and the like, and have for object the better finish or ornamentation of the
selvages, as well as their protection in some cases, giving the goods a more sightly
appearance in the piece than at present obtains.
To accomplish this, and to effect my improvements, I "bind " the selvages of the
fabrics to be treated, with ribbon, or other narrow woven or other fabric; that is to
say, such ribbon or the like is folded over the edges or selvages of the piece of cloth,
and secured in position by means of sewing, either by hand or machine, the stitches,-
which may consist of one or more rows-passing through the ornamenting or
protecting ribbon or other narrow fabric, and the selvage of the piece operated upon.
The accompanying drawing will illustrate the mode employed.
Fig. 1. shews a section of one selvage of a piece of woven goods provided with an
ornamenting or protecting ribbon according to my invention, and Fig. 2 a part plan
thereof.
The same letters indicate corresponding parts wherever they occur.
a. a. is the fabric forming the piece to be ornamented at the selvage; while b. bis the
ornamenting ribbon or other narrow fabric folded over the selvage or edge of a. a.
This is held in position by means of the sewing threads or stitches c. c.
The narrow ornamenting ribbon, or braid, or other fabric, may be composed of silk,
linen, jute, cotton, worsted or other fibre, or mixtures thereof, and of any suitable
colour or design, and may be woven, printed, or otherwise manufactured for the
purpose. By this means, an ornamented or rich finish is given to certain piece goods,
and in cases where such have had one or both selvages cut, or selvages which are not
woven fast" edge, a protection is given thereto.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The ornamentation or protection of the selvages of piece goods or woven fabrics, by
means of ribbon or other narrow fabrics folded over the edges or selvages of such
piece goods and held in position by means of sewing threads or stitches, for the
purpose and in manner substantially as herein shewn and described.
Dated this 26th day of November 1800.
WILLIAM GADD, C.E.,
64, Barton Arcade, Manchester, Agent.
Smoke-preventer for Gas Globes.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 4th July, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 11th Aug., 1890-Accepted, 8th Nov., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Smoke-preventer for Gas Globes.
EDWARD JOHN SHAW, Astral Works, Hatherton Street, Walsall, Glass & Lamp
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The smoke preventer, or "coronet" used on a gas globe, usually consists of a
brass frame, which fits on the top of the globe, and carries a plate of glass
or talc.
My invention is a substitute, of this old form of smoke preventer of brass in
combination with a glass or talc plate, and is made entirely of glass.
وو
I make of opal or other glass, an inverted basin-shape "cover," with a rim or
flange to rest on the top of a globe. This " cover is about 2" high and 4" diameter.
In the side of this glass "cover" I cut holes for the escape of smoke, the top of the
cover having no holes, so that the smoke can only escape through the holes in the
side of the
cover."
"
EDWARD JOHN SHAW.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Smoke-preventer for Gas Globes.
EDWARD JOHN SHAW, Astral Works, Hatherton Street Walsall, Glass & Lamp
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improved method of making a smoke-preventer, or
"coronet" to be used on ordinary gas or lamp globes, and it consists, essentially, of
making such smoke-preventer or "coronet" wholly of glass.
I make of opal or other glass a cover, see Fig. 1 with a rim or flange (marked A)
to rest on the top of the globe.
In the side of this glass cover I cut holes (marked B) for the escape of smoke.
I may make my flange A to fit on the inside or outside of the globe as I may find
desirable.
Also, I may vary the profile or shape of my smoke preventer; and I may vary
the shape or position or number of my holes, other than as shewn.
Or I may have my smoke-preventer in two or more pieces, or by having the centre
piece (marked Z) loose from the lower piece and raised from it to allow of the
escape of smoke, or otherwise in lieu of holes. Provided always that my smoke-
preventer is essentially made wholly of glass.
Fig. 2 shews the smoke preventer in use.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,
An improved method of making, wholly of glass a smoke-preventer to be used on
ordinary gas or lamp globes.
-
1000
EDWARD JOHN SHAW.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Oct., 1890-Accepted, 29th Nov., 1890

page_text: which pass through holes in the post, or a hollow pillar g¹ (Fig. 6) made of plates or
in any other suitable manner, may be used and the disced rollers with relative catches
be made to work within the pillar instead of in separate frames. A straining pillar
for a fence would thereby be constituted the rollers being fitted in the pillar at
distances apart to correspond with the intervals between the wires h.
The winding of the roller is or may be accomplished by means of a lever key j
(Fig. 7) which is forked at one end as shown in Fig. 8. The arms of the fork have
recesses m in them. k is a cross pin. In operation the two forked ends are rested
on the projecting ends c¹ of the axle of the roller c and the cross pin k is thus
brought into contact with the ratchet teeth of the discs d and by a process of levering
the handle the roller is worked round. In the case of a pillar, as at Fig. 6, the discs d
project out of the pillar as shown so as to be easily operated. In Fig. 5 the method
of using the lever is shown in dotted lines. Instead of the lever key; the axle
may have on it, at one side, a square head on which a key may be fitted to rotate the
roller and discs.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is―
1. In strainers for wire fences a winding roller, having toothed discs thereon, which
is prevented from unwinding by means of a pin or equivalent working in slots which
automatically catches in the teeth of the discs, substantially as hereinbefore described
with reference to the drawings annexed.
2. The combination with the improved fence wire strainer of a lever key j made and
operated substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
Dated this 25th Onth
1000
H. D. FITZPATRICK.
Improvements in Portable Frame-work for Bridges.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Jan., 1890-Accepted, 29th Mar., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Portable Frame-work for Bridges.
JOHANN FEKETEHAZY, Krausenstr Berlin W. 41 do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object, the construction of the frame-work of a bridge so
that the framework may be readily erected, and taken down and transported from
place to place and is carried out in the following manner :-
The invention consists in the construction of two frames, viz. a triangular and
parallelogram shaped frame, which are suitably connected together, by means of
plates and bolts. Referring to the accompanying drawing Fig. 1. sbows side view
of two triangles A, A, bolted together by means of the plates C and bolt D Fig. 6.
Fig. 2. shows side view of triangular piece A detached with plates C and bolt holes C¹.
Fig. 3. shows combination, in side elevation of two triangular pieces A, A, and one
parallelogram B, connected together by means of plates C and bolts D. Fig. 4.
shows side elevation of a parallelogram shaped piece B, with plate and bolt holes CC¹.
Fig. 5, is a section showing construction and arrangement of girders through line a, b.
in Fig. 3. Similar letters of reference refer to similar parts the letters A¹ C² C³ C¹
indicate the method of construction or arrangement of the girders. Fig. 6. shows
bolt D and nut D₁ partly in elevation and section. Fig. 7. shows diagrammatic view
of a series of triangular pieces A connected together. The pieces A and B are made
of cast, wrought iron, or steel and of any suitable size and weight, most convenient
for transportation.
A frame work of any suitable height and length may be constructed by the use of
pieces A and B arranged and fixed together as shown in the annexed drawing.
Fig. 8 diagrammatic view of a number of triangular pieces A in conjunction with
parallelogram shaped pieces B. Fig. 9. shows diagrammatic view of combination of
triangular pieces A and one series of parallelogram shaped pieces B.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
(1) A portable frame-work which consists essentially of two parts, A and B
suitably connected together by plates C and bolts D.
A Combined Bread Knife and Server.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Oct., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 19th Nov., 1890-Accepted, 20th Dec.. 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A Combined Bread Knife and Server.
I, RICHARD OWEN WILLIAMS, of 8, Noble Street, in the City of London, Agent,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention consists of a combined bread knife and bread server whereby bread
may be cut and served with the same instrument, instead of using a separate serving
fork, as usual.
The invention consists in forming, at, or near, the end of the knife blade, prongs
adapted to pierce and retain the cut piece of bread, said prongs being formed out of
the metal of the blade itself.
R. O. WILLIAMS.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.
A Combined Bread Knie and SERVER
I, RICHARD OWEN WILLIAMS, of 8, Noble Street, in the City of London, Agent,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My invention consists of a combined bread knife and bread server whereby bread
may be both cut and served at table instead of a separate serving fork being used
for the latter purpose as usual.
The invention consists in forming at or near the end of the knife blade, prongs
adapted to pierce and retain the cut piece of bread, said prongs being formed out of
the metal of the blade itself.
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing which shows the
preferred form and position of the prongs a at the end of the blade b. The blade is
of the ordinary form except that instead of the back edge being rounded off at the
end as usual, three prongs a of about equal length are formed as shown in the
drawing by stamping out and grinding up in the ordinary way of making such
blades. The prong a' is made wider than the others in order to allow for grinding
the cutting edge thereof and also to provide sufficient strength to admit of its
being thrust into the loaf without fracturing it. It is preferred that the points of
the prongs should be directed in the line of the blade and handle as shown, so that
in serving a piece of bread therewith, the instrument will be held in the same way
as an ordinary bread serving fork, but the points of the prongs might be directed
slightly backwards without departing from the spirit of my invention..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The herein described combined bread knife and bread server consisting of a

page_text: knife blade with prongs formed at the end thereof and in one therewith, substantially
as specified.
Dated this 19th day of November 1890.
R.
ILLIAMS.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,.
53, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.
An Adaptable Ventilating and Damp Resisting Brick.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Nov., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 11th Aug., 1891-Accepted. 7th Nov
1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Adaptable Ventilating and Damp Resisting Brick.
WILLIAM ADAMSON of Number 2 Elms North Sunderland in the County of
Durham Merchant Ship Owner do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
This brick is made upon the principle of dovetailing having a groove upon the
one side and a spiggot on the other adaptable for ventilating purposes, the con-
veyance of wire, pipes, etcetera, and being a preventative against damp.
Dated 3rd day of November 1890.
WILLIAM ADAMSON.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Adaptable Ventilating and Damp Resisting Brick.
1, WILLIAM ADAMSON of 2 Elms, North Sunderland Ship Owner do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to a new or improved brick of ventilating and damp
resisting properties adaptable for bonding purposes and as channels wherein pipes,
bell and electric wires may be laid conveniently.
The brick is made upon the principle of dovetailing, and has a groove or grooves
on one side and a tongue or spigot on the other.
In the drawings annexed hereto
Figure 1 represents, in isometric view, one form of this brick; and Figure 14 a
view of the reverse side of said brick.
Figures 2 and 24, 3 and 34, and 4 and 4^ are like views of modified forms of
this brick.
Figure 5 illustrates the application and mode of laying the bricks for straight
runs and branch runs.
Figure 6, shews in end view a brick with two spigots or tongues at the sides and
a tongue at one end and a recess at the other end thereof, and a lengthwise channel
for reception of pipes or wires.
and
Figure 6, is a view of the underside of such brick.
Figure 7, represents a face view of a portion of a wall with ventilation channels,
Figure 8, is a vertical cross section at line A B Figure 7.
Referring to the drawings a, is the body of the brick, b, spigots or tongues,
c, channels or grooves for the reception of the corresponding tongues; d, are air
ways for ventilation purposes, e, is a vertical opening left between outside and
inner walls for resisting the penetration of damp, el, being a tie or bonding-brick.
fare channels for leading pipes and wires; Figure 5, illustrating the same as main
and branch channels.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
ion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
The improved brick adaptable for ventilating, damp resisting, bonding, and

page_text: structural, purposes as herein set forth and described in reference to, and shewn by,
the respective figures of the accompanying sheet of drawings.
Dated this 10th day of August 1890.
WILLIAM ADAMSON,
Applicant.
Improvements in Armour Plates.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Oct., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 15th July, 1891-Accepted, 15th Aug., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Armour Plates.
I, VICTOR PERRIN of Spandau in the German Empire, Architect, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The armour plates of this invention are formed of two plates held at a suitable
distance apart, the space between them being filled in with a fibrous material such
as tow, hemp, cotton, wool, asbestos or the like.
The two plates may also be strengthened by connecting plates or struts
crossing from one plate to the other at an angle so as to present an oblique surface
to projectiles.
Dated this 30th day of October 1890.
CAPITAINE & VON HERTLING,
89, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Armour Plates.
I, VICTOR PERRIN of Spandau, in the German Empire, Architect, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The object of this invention is first to deform or break up projectiles fired at
the armour plates and then to catch and hold them suspended in a fibrous material
of suitable elasticity and firmness such as tow, hemp, cotton, wool asbestos, and the
like, or such a material as answers the same purpose.
In the accompanying drawing the armour plate of this invention is shewn in
section. It is formed either of plates a, b, with the intermediate space filled in
with a material such as beforementioned or the two plates are strengthened by
connecting plates or struts crossing from one plate to the other at an angle and
coming against a vertical or horizontal plane. They may be set at any suitable
angle and at any suitable distance apart but so that a penetrating projectile will in
due course meet one of the inclined intermediate plates c. Projectiles having
first passed through plate a and then meeting plates e will be broken up and the
pieces in their passage caught, wrapped up and held in the fibrous filling material.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. Armour plates consisting of two plates of metal or of a material calculated to
deform projectiles fired at the same with an intermediate space filled in with a
fibrous material, substantially as described and shewn.
2. In armour plates of the kind referred to in the preceding claim the arrange-
ment of plates or struts located obliquely between the two plates a, b, for the
purpose specified substantially as described and shewn.
CAPITAINE & VON HERTLING,
89, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
An Improvement in Hay Rakes or Corn Rakes.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Aug., 1890
Complete Specification Left 15th May 1891-Accented. 15th Aug.. 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in Hay Rakes or Corn Rakes.
JOHN PRING Wire Manufacturer Elworth Sandbach Cheshire do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:
The application of shaped wire for the teeth of hay rakes or corn rakes, the wire
shall be diamond-shape or fluted or any shape but round or oval. It shall be made
of steel, iron, or any kind of metal, and be either plain or coated with any kind of
metal, japan or paint. The teeth shall be made either straight or curved or bent
in any form.
The teeth shall have heads like nails or be as dowels or any way,
and shall be put in the bead by dividing the head or shall be fixed in any
other way.
1000
JOHN PRING.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in Hay Rakes or Corn Rakes.
JOHN PRING Wire Manufacturer Elworth Sandbach Cheshire do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The application of what are called shaped wire teeth for hand hay rakes or corn
rakes. I use diamond shaped or fluted wire but I may also use any other shape
of wire except round or oval wire. The teeth shall be made of iron steel or any
kind of metal and shall be plain or coated with any kind of metal japan or paint.
The teeth shall be curved or straight or bent in any form. The teeth shall be fixed
in the head by being driven through the head from the top like a nail and the
head shall be with or without a thin strip nailed on the top to prevent the teeth
from rising or coming out; or the head shall be sawn in two vertically, the teeth
laid in and the two pieces nailed together; or the teeth shall be driven in or through
from the underside or the teeth shall have chisel points so that they may be driven
in the head from the underside without the need of any holes being bored
for them.
The teeth shall be so fixed that the smallest diameter shall be the long way of
the head, or the largest diameter shall be the long way of the head.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The application of diamond or fluted shaped wire for the teeth of hand hay
rakes or corn rakes.
2. The curving of the teeth of hand hay rakes or corn rakes.
3. Fixing in the teeth of hand hay rakes or corn rakes by sawing the head in two
vertically and fastening the teeth by mailing the two pieces together.
4. The fixing of the teeth so that the smallest diameter shall be lengthway of the
bead.
لمند
1
C
يمونيلا
JOHN PRING.
Improvements in Fabrics for Sacks or Bags.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Oct., 1890
Complete Specification Left. 17th July, 1891-Accepted, 22nd Aug., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fabrics for Sacks or Bags.
I, PERCY BURROW HOLLICK of 90 Cannon Street London, E.C. Merchant, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
A sacking or bagging made of jute having certain of the warp or weft yarns
made stouter and heavier than the remainder and woven at intervals throughout the
sacking or bagging; such corded sacking or bagging to be made up into sacks or
bags for the especial purpose of carrying therein cement plaster potatoes or
lime &c., the heavier yarns or cords being made also of material other than
jute viz.-Manila New Zealand, Sisal, Sunu Italian Russian or other kinds of
hemp, flax, cotton, leather wire &c.
Dated this 21st day of October 1890.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fabrics for Sacks or Bags.
PERCY BURROW HOLLICK of 5 Miles Lane London, E.C., Merchant, late of
90 Cannon Street do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
.
A sacking or bagging made of jute having certain of the warp or weft threads
made heavier and stouter than the remainder and woven at intervals throughout
the width or length of the cloth. Such corded sacking to be made up into sacks
or bags for the especial purpose of carrying therein cement or lime or plaster or
potatoes or coal or coke or corn or manure or other goods of like nature. The
heavier warp or weft threads may be also made of material other than jute, namely
flax, cotton, leather, wire, Manilla, Sisal, Mauritius, New Zealand, Bombay, Russian
or any other kind of hemp the object being to give additional strength without
materially increasing the weight.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is :-
1stly. The introduction of some heavy and stout warp or weft threads, into
sackings or baggings which are made of jute, as above described the object being to
give additional strength without greatly increasing the weight.
2ndly. The using of such corded sackings or baggings made up into sacks or
bags for the purpose of carrying goods therein as above described.
Dated this 17th day of July 1891.
PERCY BURROW HOLLICK.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Writing-pens.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Aug., 1890--Accepted, 1st Nov., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Writing-pens.
I, ROBENA ANNE KEDDY THOMSON of 28 St. Stephens Square, Bayswater, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention consists in the manufacture of a writing pen having nib points at
each of its extremities, so that when one of the points has worn out or become
corroded, or is otherwise unfit for use, the pen can be withdrawn from the holder,
reversed and again inserted.
This arrangement has several advantages, among the first being the obviating of
the trouble of procuring and inserting a fresh pen every time the one in use has
become worn out, and again the nibs may vary in character or description—thus at
the one end the rib may be what is known as a fine point, whilst at the other end
the nib may be a broad point, or the one may be square and the other circular or
they may vary in any other way as desired. This advantage of my novel pen will be
found to be of great importance in the arts of draughtsmanship, ornamental
caligraphy, and other occupations in which the pen plays an important part; and
constitutes in itself a considerable superiority over the single nibbed pens now in
ordinary use.
In order that my invention may be more fully understood I append the accom-
panying drawing which represents to an exaggerated scale a double nibbed pen
according to the principles of my invention, and as an example of the capability of
variety of nibs above mentioned. I have shown at A a nib which is formed
similarly to that known as the "Waverly" point whilst at the other end of the pen B
is a nib formed on the pattern of the ordinary J or broad point. C being the
intervening portion of semi-cylindrical metal, which forms the means of attachment
to the pen holder as in the case of the ordinary pens now in use.
The whole of my pen is formed in one piece and may consist of steel, gold copper,
or any other metal or metals of which pens are usually composed, and can be
placed in any ordinary pen-holder.
As my invention is capable of some modification without departing from the
general principle thereof, I do not restrict myself to materials or dimensions or to the
precise form of my new pen.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
A pen having nibbed writing points at each of its extremities which points may be
both of the same description or may differ from one another as described in the
foregoing Specification, and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Dated this 25th day of August 1890.
RAYNER & CASSELL,
37, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
Improvement in Horse-shoe Calks.
Year: 1890

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Horse-shoe Calks.
We, ERNST GÖTZE and CARL SENDOWSKI, both of Berlin, in the Empire of
Germany, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of our invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to calks to be screwed or driven into horse-shoes and it
consists in making said calks hollow below or through their length to receive an
elastic and resilient pad for preventing the sliding or slipping of the animal on
slippery places and for preventing or deadening concussion on hard roads etc.
The improved calk is equally adapted for wood and asphalt pavement, as well as
for stone and macadam and other kinds of roads.
Figures 1 to 3 show a few examples of the mode in which the pad may be arranged
within the calk. Figure 4 represents a screw-calk, Figure 5 a calk to be driven in,
with part of a horse-shoe illustrated.
The calk consists of the metal part a, generally of steel, and the inserted pad b.
The part a, which may be circular or angular, has a central hole, which runs vertically
all through (Fig. 1) or is contracted at the top part (Fig. 2) or is closed up at the
top (Fig. 3). Into this hole is pressed an elastic pad b, consisting preferably of india-
rubber, and projecting slightly below.
The calk is fastened to the horse-shoe by screwing in, or in any other known
manner.
As the outer shape of these improved calks need not differ in any way from those
known heretofore, the improved calks may be adapted to any horse-shoe to which
such calks are usually attached, without necessitating any alteration of the latter.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
A horse-shoe calk consisting of the metal part a provided with a hole, in which is
inserted the elastic-pad b, substantially as illustrated and described.
TI
1000
HERBERT & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Agents to Applicants.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Apr., 1890-Accepted, 14th June, 1890'
L
the seat of waterclosets by raising the lid, thereby allowing the user to ascertain
whether the seat is clean and the closet generally in proper order. The electric light
can be maintained for any desired length of time by keeping the lid in a certain
position.
Reference being bad to the accompanying drawing
Fig. 1. is a front elevation, and
Fig. 2. a plan, of a water closet, the lid being shown as closed.
Fig. 3. shows a cross section of the closet casing.
Fig. 4. represents on an enlarged scale the attachment through which the electric
current is engaged or disengaged.
Fig. 5. is a plan of the latter and of an elastic piece used for conducting the
current.
Fig. 6 is a detail, and
Fig. 7 is a cross section of the lid showing the lamp and appurtenances.
The lid of the closet has in its lower surface a cavity or vaulting enclosing a
reflector 6 which surrounds the lamp a, said cavity being covered over and the reflector
held in position by a strong pane of glass, while the rear portion of the illuminating
apparatus is secured and covered by a cap of any suitable shape and material and
provided with holes for the passage of conducting wires d and f. The elements
Figs. 1 and 2, are connected by wires a¹ and a" respectively with the lid hinge e and
piece which has the shape of a segment of a circle and encloses two pieces ii of
suitable non-conducting material between which is secured a metal piece k for
conducting the electric current.
The lid of the closet is provided with an elastic metal bar g, Figs. 5 and 6, the free
extremity of which is bent book fashion and placed into close contact with the inner
portion of piece which contains the said pieces ii and k. A wire connects the
elastic bar g and another wire d the hinge e with the lamp a.
When the lid is being raised, the bar g slides along the first non-conducting piece i,
subsequently coming in contact with the conducting piece k and finally with the
second non-conducting piece i. It is obvious that the electric current will be engaged
as long as bar g is in contact with piece k and that the light can be maintained at
pleasure for a length of time sufficient for examining seat and closet as to their
condition. While the closet is in use or the lid closed the electric contact is
nterrupted.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
ion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
laim is :-
In lids for water closets the application of an electric lamp which is actuated, while

page_text: the lid is being opened or closed, by an elastic piece 9 coming into contact with a
metal piece k enclosed between two non-conducting pieces ii, the latter three pieces
being contained in a segmental piece h, substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
. ADAM HIORTH.
By Huelser & Co.,
142, Fleet Street, London, Attorneys.
Improved Main Gas Cock, Applicable also for other Purposes.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 6th June, 1890-Accepted, 19th July, 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Main Gas Cock, Applicable also for other Purposes.
1, FRED RYLAND of West Bromwich; Staffordshire, Ironfounder, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be as
follows:-
This my invention relates more especially to an improved gas cock, but which is
also applicable for use in connection with water, steam, air and the like.
I now proceed to describe my said invention, reference being had to the accompanying
drawings and to the figures and letters of reference marked thereon, like letters referring
to similar parts throughout.
Figure 1 is a section taken on the line of Figure 2 through a cock constructed
in accordance with this invention. Figure 2 is a plan of the cock as shown in
Figure 1.
The invention consists of the combination with the cast iron or other metal plug A, of
a casing B. This casing consists of brass or other metal or alloy commonly used for
bushing bearings and the like, and it may be secured to the plug in various ways. In
preference, the case first cast, pressed or stamped and afterwards the cast iron plug
is run into it. If desired, however, the casing may be shrunk upon the plug already
formed.
In an alternative form of my invention, I shrink or otherwise secure a bush C in the
body D of the cock,-the plug A being constructed entirely of cast or other metal.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of any said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A main gas cock applicable also for other purposes, having the plug thereof cased
with brass, other metal or alloy, substantially as and in the manner herein before set
forth and illustrated in the drawings hereunto annexed.
2. A main gas cock applicable also for other purposes having the body thereof bushed
with brass other metal or alloy, substantially as and in the manner described.
Dhe cal JT1900
FRED RYLAND.
By his Agents,
Horn & Son.
An Adjustable Wrench.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Dec., 1890
*** Complete Specification Left, 19th Sept., 1891-Accepted, 24th Oct., 1891
An Adjustable Wrench.
GEORGE JAMES BALDWIN of 135 Charlton Lane, New Charlton, Kent
Engineers Draughtsman and FRANK WRIGHT of 3 Harden's Manorway, New
Charlton, Kent Carpenter and Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows :-
A wrench with a movable jaw A and a wedge B for fixing the movable jaw so
that the wrench may be used for various sizes, the said wedge at its thick end being
attached to a lever C which has its fulcrum taking its bearing at D in lugs which
are part of the movable jaw A.
At the end of the said lever which is furthest from the wedge is a spring for the
purpose of forcing home the wedge B, by pressing the lever at E and compressing
the spring the wedge will be partly withdrawn and so release sliding jaw.
A pin is inserted in the wrench to prevent the movable jaw falling off.
Dated this 20th day of December 1890.
FRANK WRIGHT.
GEORGE JAMES BALDWIN.
1, GEORGE JAMES BALDWIN of 135 Charlton Lane New Charlton, Kent,
Draughtsman FRANK WRIGHT, 3, Hardens Manorway New Charlton, Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
This invention relates to a hand wrench having an adjustable jaw arranged
according to my invention.
Referring to the drawings left with the Provisional Specification a wrench with
a movable jaw A and wedge B for retaining the jaw A. in position when in use,
the said wedge is affixed at its thick end to a lever C by means of a pin, the said
lever C has its fulcrum at D, in the lugs which are part of the jaw A. At the
end E of the lever C is a suitable spring for the purpose of forcing home the
wedge B and thus securing the jaw A. which moves upon, the handle or shank of
the wrench. A pin or stop is provided upon the handle or shank of the wrench to
regulate the travel of the jaw.
When it is required to move the jaw A up or down, the lever C is depressed
which partly withdraws the taper wedge B and allows the jaw to slide freely upon
the handle or shank of wrench. Upon the pressure upon the lever being released
the taper wedge is forced back to its normal position by means of the said spring
acting upon the end of lever, C, and thus the jaw is secured.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
(1) In wrenches the jaw A with taper wedge B, connected to lever C and acted

page_text: upon by a suitable spring whereby the jaw A. can be firmly set at any suitable
distance.
E. EATON,
Patent Agent.
Improvements in Fitting Pedals to the Cranks of Velocipedes.
Year: 1890

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fitting Pedals to the Cranks of Velocipedes.
We GEORGE PALMER THOMSON and WILLIAM GILBERT JAMES both of 39 Chalk
Farm Road, London N.W., Cycle Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of our
said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Whereas in fitting pedal pins to the cranks of velocipedes, one end of the pin is
passed through a slot in the crank; a nut is then screwed on and locked to make it
secure. This method is defective; the nut being liable to work loose by the vibration
of the velocipede and, in chain driven machines, the nut frequently catches the chain,
when the chain happens to be slack.
Now the object of our invention is to remedy such defects, and at the same time
to improve the appearance of the crank and pedal.
And in order that our said invention may be particularly described and ascertained,
reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings in which similar letters of
reference indicate corresponding parts.
Fig. 1 is an elevation and Fig. 2 a vertical section showing one method of securing
the pedal pin a to the crank by means of a cotter c and nut d; the crank being
grooved as shown in section by Fig. 3 taken on the line 1-2 of Fig. 1 or any other
form of crank may be used.
Figs. 4 to 10 illustrate other methods of carrying out our invention, Fig. 4 being
a slight modification of Figs. 1 and 2, the cotter c being inserted above the pedal pin a
instead of below.
Fig. 5 shows a method of attaching and securing the pedal pin to the crank by
clamping the two jaws or lugs e and f together by means of a bolt g: the pedal-pin
may also be secured by a set screw / or similar arrangement, as shown by Fig. 6.
Fig. 7 is an elevation and Fig. 8 a vertical section showing another method of fitting
the pedal to the crank-a is the pedal pin which is secured to the crank b by means of
a flat key i. A disc is screwed to the pin as shown for the purpose of preventing
the key working loose also to enhance the appearance.
In Figs. 9 and 10 the pedal pin is shown cut with a screw thread and secured in
crank (which is tapped to receive the pin) by means of a screw 1.
It will be obvious that the pedal pin may be of square, hexagonal or other cross
section; as also the cotters, keys etc.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is :—
1. In velocipedes, the several methods of attaching and securing the pedal pin to
the crank substantially as herein described and illustrated by Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,
9 and 10 of the drawings.
2. The improvements in fitting pedals to the cranks of velocipedes substantially as
herein described and illustrated by the drawings.
1000
GEO. DOWNING,
8, Quality Court, London, W.C., Agent for Applicants.
An Improved Method of and Means for Ventilating Railway and other Vehicles, Buildings, and Structures.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Dec., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 8th Sept., 1891-Accepted, 10th Oct., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method of and Means for Ventilating Railway and
other Vehicles, Buildings, and Structures.
EDWIN MARSH, Engineer, 8, Hull Street, Green Road Leeds, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to clear railway carriages and other closed vehicles
of smoke and foul air.
I accomplish this object by placing one or more perforated pipes from end to end
of railway carriage or vehicle through each compartment projecting at each end
outside of railway carriage or vehicle to allow the outside air to pass through the
said pipe which will attract and draw through the perforations the smoke and foul
air as they are formed.
I likewise apply the same system of ventilation to buildings and structures by
placing one or more perforated pipes through the buildings and structures directly
underneath the ceiling or any convenient place, extending through the outer wall
into the open air.
Dated this 30th day of December 1800
EDWIN MARSH,
8, Hull Street, Green Road, Leeds.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method of and Means for Ventilating Railway and
other Vehicles, Buildings, and Structures.
EDWIN MARSH, Engineer 8 Hull Street, Green Road Leeds do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
An improved method of and means for ventilating railway and other vehicles
buildings and structures.
The object of my invention is to clear railway carriages and other closed vehicles
of smoke and foul air. I accomplish this object by placing one or more perforated
pipes from end to end of railway carriage or vehicles through each compart-
ment projecting at each end outside of railway carriage or vehicle to allow the
outside air to pass through the said pipe which will attract and draw through the
perforations the smoke and foul air as they are formed.
I likewise apply the same system of ventilation to building and structures by
placing one or more perforated pipes through the building and structures directly
underneath the ceiling or any convenient place extending through the outer wall
into the open air.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1st. Ventilating railway carriages and other vehicles.

page_text: railway carriages and other closed vehicles, buildings and structures substantially
and for the purposes hereinbefore described or any mere modification thereof.
Dated this 7th day of September 1891.
EDWIN MARSH,
Engineer, 8, Hull Street, Green Road, Leeds.