IMPROVEMENTS. IN ROUGHING HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS."
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William French, of Keppel Mews North, Russell
Square, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS.
IN ROUGHING HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William French at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th June 1867.
1, WILLIAM FRENCH, of Keppel Mews North, Russell Square, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN ROUGHING HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS," to be as follows:-
The Invention has for its object improvements in roughing horses and
other animals. For this purpose in addition to the ordinary nail holes I form
the shoes with tapered holes of a triangular or other suitable form, one of such
holes being in each heel, and another in each of the "clips," and I prefer to
employ two of such "clips," one of which is placed on either side of the shoe,.
the roughing nails or plugs are also tapered, and formed to fit the tapered
holes in the shoe, and such nails or plugs may be driven through the edge of
the hoof if desired, or as I propose they may pass up through the " clips,"
and be clenched in the front thereof without passing into the hoof. The
roughing nails or plugs in the heels of the shoe are merely passed through the
shoe, and clenched over the top thereof, the heels being suitably spread out
for that purpose. By these means a horse or other animal may be roughed at

page_text: the heel and toe without removing the shoe from the foot. I prefer to form
the nails or plugs of steel, the lower portion being suitably hardened, whilst
the upper part is soft and capable of being easily clenched over the shoe.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William French in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
10th December 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
FRENCH of Keppel Mews North, Russell Square, in the County of Middlesex,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her reign
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William French, Her special licence that I, the said William French, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
French, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ROUGHING HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said William French, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
• NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William French, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement :-
The Invention has for its object improvements in roughing horses and other
animals. For this purpose in addition to the ordinary nail holes I form the
shoes with tapered holes of a triangular or other suitable shape, one of such
holes being in each heel, and likewise at various other parts of the shoe, and
the holes are to be made in an oblique direction so as to come out at the

page_text: outer part of the upper edge of the shoe, so that the ends of the stud nails
may be hammered down against the shoe. In some cases I dispense with the
stud holes in the shoes, and fix the studs on to the shoe in a transverse direc-
tion by passing a thin piece of iron through the stud to clip the inner circle of
the shoe, and clench it against the outer part of the shoe and the hoof of the
horse. To strengthen these studs I sometimes form them with a pin to fit
into the shoe, and the triangular and the other studs with the clip pieces can
be used together to make them more firm in the shoe.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a plan of a horse-shoe, shewing the holes when the studs are made
with pins, and also shewing the displacements in the shoe to clench the clips
against, they may be made in any other part of the shoe as may be desired.
A is a side view of a single stud; D is a section through shoe, stud, and
clip; A, the stud; B, the clip; C, the shoe; the whole shewing it as fixed
to the shoe of the horse; B, shewing the clip ready for use; A, A, shewing
several studs joined together to be fixed on in segments round the shoe when
large surface of the shoe requires roughing.
Fig. 2 is also a plan of a horse-shoe shewing triangular holes to receive the
spike studs; D, section of a loose stud; F, spike to fix stud to shoe; M, section
of stud and spike fitted ready to fix to shoe; E, spike and stud combined;
L, section of shoe and stud, and spike fitted to shoe; D, stud; G, the shoe ;
F, spike; the stud holes can be made in any part of the shoe as may be
required.
I declare that I claim the said Invention of the nature and character
described in the foregoing Specification.
In witness whereof, I, the said William French, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
30 Witness,
U. SCOTT.
WILLIAM FRENCH. (L.s.)