Improvements in Ingot Moulding Machines.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Nov., 1897-Accepted, 29th Jan., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ingot Moulding Machines.
I, JOHN ILLINGWORTII, of 58, Park Place, in the City of Newark, and State of
New Jersey, United States of America, Steel Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
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31
The objects of this invention are to reduce the cost of casting ingots; to facilitate
the operation of casting, and enable said operation to be accomplished with less
labor; to effectively prevent the formation of the defects known as piping
due to the shrinkage of the metal after the outer sides of the ingot have set and
hardened, and to secure other advantages and results, some of which will be referred
to hereinafter in connection with the description of the working parts.
While the invention is adapted for the production of ingots of all sizes, I employ
it more especially in the manufacture of ingots of a large size.
The invention consists in the improved ingot machine, and in the arrangements
and combinations of parts thereof, all substantially as will be hereinafter set forth
and finally embraced in the clauses of the claim.
Referring to the accompanying drawings, in which like letters of reference
indicate corresponding parts in each of the figures, Figure 1 is a side elevation of
the improved machine; Figure 2 is a plan of the same; Figure 3 is a vertical
section taken on line x, Fig. 2; Figure 4 is a perspective view of a certain mold
carriage or truck; Figure 5 is a side view and plan of a certain wedge employed
in connection with the ingot Figure 6 is a plan showing two trucks or carriages
coupled, and Figure 7 shows a back to back pair of mold sections not integrally
joined; Figure 8 is a vertical section taken centrally through the series of molds
and co-operating parts.
In said drawings, a indicates the bed plate upon which the several parts are
supported. This is provided at a suitable central point with a heavy vertical
standard, b, at opposite sides of which are series of molds, arranged in separable
sections.
Beneath said mold sections, and ou said bed plate, are tracks or ways d, d, on
which are arranged cars or trucks e, e, of about the length and width of a pair
of mold sections placed back to back as shown in detail in Figure 7. Said mold
sections placed back to back, may be in united pairs as in said Figure 7, or they
may be integrally connected as indicated in Figure 2, the latter construction being
preferred.
To the central standard, at opposite ends and adjacent to said ways, are fastened
mold sections c', c', their backs lying against the vertical sides of the standard
and bolts being preferably used in fastening them in place. The fronts or working
faces of said sections c', are grooved or chambered longitudinally in correspondence
with the working face of the next mold section ", in the series, the chambers of
the two sections uniting to form the first mold chamber of the series.

page_text: Next to the second vertical mold sections, e, with their backs thereto, are
third mold sections . These form pairs with said second mold sections and may be
integral therewith. Said pairs of mold sections ell, e, are carried by the first
carriages or trucks e, of the series, said trucks being of substantially the same size
in plan as said pairs of mold sections. Said carriages or trucks are provided at
their opposite ends with coupling means whereby the several carriages of a series
may be coupled together in a train, the coupling preferred at the present time
being shown in the detail plan of the said trucks, Figure 6.
Following the pairs of mold sections ell, el, are other pairs e, ell; of; e²;
and at the opposite ends of the series are other single sections which are fastened
to vertical compression beams f, to which the pistons g, g, of the hydraulic presses h,
are connected.
The pressure of the pistons 9, upon the beams f, forces said beams against the
series of mold sections, compressing said sections against one another and against
the central standard, so that the mold chambers are closed to receive the molten
metal.
The mold sections are held in horizontal line by metal mold guides i, i, on
opposite sides of said sections, which guides press against said mold sections to
hold them in position. They allow, however, the movements back and forth of the
molds on the trucks e, under the influence of the hydraulic devices when the said
trucks are coupled together. Said trucks are conveniently uncoupled from the
side by withdrawing the coupling pins j.
The trucks, work upon rollers o, placed between the ways d, d, said trucks
being provided with depending stop projections p, which prevent the displacement
of said rollers with respect to the trucks.
When the back to back pairs of mold sections are in
sections are coupled together by pins k, shown in Figure 7.
dispensed with when the pairs are integrally connected.
separate pieces, said
These are, of course,
The metal mold guides i, i, may serve, either alone or in connection with other
parts, as platforms upon which the operators may work. They are, preferably.
supported by connecting bars 7. 7, joining the central standard, b, with the hydraulic
cylinders, which connecting bars thus serve a double purpose in holding said
guides and in maintaining the cylinders and standards in fixed relation when
pressure is brought to bear.
The molds, preferably, are arranged in two series independent of one another
so that said series may be worked alternately in the casting operations, as hereafter
described.
Wedges m, are employed in comprising the ingot to close the pipe. I prefer to
provide a separate wedge for each mold chamber.
In operating the device, the trains of carriages or trucks being coupled together,
and the mold chambers being closed under the pressure of the hydraulic pistons g.
the first mold chambers r. or the ones nearest the central standards, are one after
the other filled with molten metal. After the second of these are filled, the
first ingot will be about hardened sufficiently to sustain its weight, after which
its mold sections are separated by means of the hydraulic pistons drawing back
the train of carriages and mold sections thereon from the mold sections fast to
the standard. A wedge m, is then forced between the ingot and the inside wall
of the mold, and the hydraulic pistons are again operated to close the mold
sections c, e, together, so that the now viscid or comparatively soft metal of the
ingot centre is compressed from the outside sufficiently to compensate for the
shrinkage, and the "pipe" opening or central defect, is presented. This being
accomplished, the first mold on the opposite side of the standard is in like manner.
opened, another wedge inserted and the mold again closed, to effect the same result.
While this closing operation of the last chamber r, is going on, one of the second
mold chambers s, is being filled with metal and the first pair of back to back
sectious e, el, is uncoupled from the train section el, so that the chamber r,
will remain closed while the ingot therein is cooling. While this third ingot is

page_text: cooling, the second chamber s, is filled, the preliminary operations with reference
to its chamber r, being completed. The first chambers, is then opened, its wedge
inserted, and again closed, by the pressure of the hydraulic piston. These alter-
nate operations are continued in connection with the remaining molds of the train,
until the chambers t, t, and u, u, are filled with metal and all are compressed.
The molds of a train may be varied in number and shape at will or as con-
venience requires. The carriage may be dispensed with and the molds may then
slide on the ways or between the same, but I prefer the arrangement first described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. The improved ingot machine herein described, comprising a central standard,
a series of separable mold sections arranged in back to back pairs ou opposite
sides of said central standard, carriages or trucks each supporting a back to back
pair of said mold sections, coupling means for the carriages, and means for com-
pressing the ingot between said mold sections, substantially as set forth.
2. The improved ingot molding machine herein described, comprising a series
of molds each comprising two separable sections, the said series of molds being
arranged upon a series of carriages, the contiguous half sections of adjacent molds
being arranged back to back on each carriage, whereby, when the carriages
are uncoupled, the molds can be separated, wedges adapted to be inserted within
the mold chamber after the sections thereof are separated, and means for com-
pressing the mold sections after the insertion of the wedges, and means for
coupling the carriages, substantially as set forth.
3. The combination of a central standard, horizontal ways d, for carriages, said
carriages e, vertical mold sections, stationed upon said carriages, the two sections
of each old being arranged on different aljacent carriages of the series, hydraulic
compression devices, stationed at the ends of the series, wedges adapted to be forced
into the molds after the partial consolidation of the ingot and the separation of
the mold sections, and means for coupling the carriages, substantially as set forth.
4. The combination with a series of sectional molds, of a series of carriages
supporting said molds, each carriage supporting a pair of sections of adjacent
molds, the said sections being back to back. and coupling means, suitably disposed
to hold the said sections in train, substantially as set forth.
5. The combination with a track or way and a series of carriages thereon, of
compression means stationed at opposite ends of said track or way, a series of
removable mold sections, arranged on said carriages independent thereof, and
means for coupling and uncoupling said carriages, substantially as set forth.
6. The combination with vertical horizontally movable molds, arranged in
sections, of a series of carriages adapted to be coupled together, each carriage
having depending stop projections. p. adapted to limit the movements of the rolls
beneath said carriages, and said rolls arranged between the said stop projection,
substantially as set forth.
7. The combination with a track or way and a series of separable carriages
thereon, of compression means stationed, at opposite ends of said track or way, a
series of mold sections all separable from one another to permit them to be opened
apart from one another, and coupling means constructed and arranged to hold a
part of the sections closed while others of the series are being drawn apart, sub-
stantially as set forth.
8. The combination of the standard b, horizontal supports for the molds, a
horizontal series of horizontally movable molds in separable sections, guides i, i,
for holding said molds in alignment as they move horizontally, detachable coupling
means permitting detachment of each section from the other of the series, and
compression means at the ends of the series, substantially as set forth.
9. The combination with a horizontal way and compression means at the ends
of the series, of a series of mold sections, each having mold chambers at its opposite

page_text: sides coinciding with the mold chambers in the next adjacent sections of the series,
and means for coupling said sections to form a train, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 22nd day of September 1897.
(Signature), JOHN ILLINGWORTH.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.