Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 25th June, 1887
Complete Left, 26th Mar., 1888
Complete Accepted, 25th June, 1888
I, WILLIAM HENRY LEAVER COOPER of 33 Alice Street, Cardiff, South Wales, Tug
Boat Proprietor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Sanitary socketed pipes produced by machines hitherto constructed invariably give
trouble by reason of the socketed portions not being solidly formed the failure being
caused by such socketed portions being too far away from the source of pressure and
also through the clay having to stretch itself to a larger diameter in forcing itself into
its place to form the socket.
My invention consists in making the throat portion of the die moveable and not
solid and immoveable as usually, this enables a freer inlet of clay to the socket and
when such socket is filled this inoveable throat is forced downwards by either steam
pressure or any mechanical means and thereby give pressure upon the clay in the
socket portion, independently of the pressure used for filling such socket.
For truly and rapidly cutting off each pipe to its desired length, I place a central
shaft or rod in centre of the table pillar, this central shaft having at its end nearest
the delivery die of machine a cutter, the centre pin of such cutter being eccentrically
placed relatively to centre of shaft, by rapidly jerking the central shaft, this cutter flies
out and at once takes position for cutting the clay, the motion for this being got by
a handle placed conveniently for the attendant.
Should the following table and consequently the issuing pipe proceed further than
is required for the length of pipe a stop at central shaft engages with the following
table pillar and travels with it and thus obviates the pipes being of different
lengths

page_text: For securely and rapidly drying the pipes, I use 3 supports or stools formed so that
whilst they support the weight of the pipe and keep it from immediate contact with
the floor they have an amount of elasticity or play that gives as the drying and
consequent contraction of the pipes require.
The invention is applicable to all types of sanitary pipe machines and the drying
process suitable to either over-heat drying or floor heat drying, or without aid
of heat.
H. GARDNER,
166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said W. H. L. Cooper..
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Making, Finishing, and Drying Plain or Socketted Stoneware
Sanitary Pipes or Tubes.
I, WILLIAM HENRY LEAVER COOPER, of 33 Alice Street, Cardiff, South Wales, 1
Tug Boat Proprietor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
Sanitary socketted pipes produced complete by machines hitherto constructed
invariably give trouble by reason of the socket portions not being solidly formed. 2
This failure is caused by such socket portions being too far away from the source of
pressure and also by reason of the clay having to stretch to a larger diameter whilst
travelling from the throat to the enlarged portion of the dies.
My invention consists, first, in making the throat portions of the dies of pipe
making machines moveable, the portion referred to being shown on Figure 1 and 2
marked B, where it will be seen that B can be raised and lowered or moved to and
fro within the die A, that is to say, during the time the enlarged part of the die is
being filled with clay the throat B will be in position as dotted and will allow a free
ingress of clay between B and C to the enlarged part at circumference of socket ring D
but immediately such filling has occurred, the throat portion B is forced into the
position shown in full lines and thereby cause a local pressure upon the clay surrounding
the socket ring D and thus solidly form such portion of the pipe, after which the
remaining portion or body of the pipe is made in the usual way. Figure 1 represents
a sectional elevation of the most usual type of machine used, but for reference only,
my invention being applicable to other types; and further I do not claim any method

page_text: of moving the throat B as it may be effected either by hydraulic, steam, or hand
power. This part of my invention only refers to the utilization of the movable
throat portion B of stoneware and sanitary pipe machine dies for producing a local
pressure upon the clay.
According to the second part of my invention, for more truly and rapidly cutting
off each pipe to its desired length I place a central shaft F through the centre of the
usual following table shaft E, this central shaft F having secured at its end nearest
the delivery die of the machine a cutter M and lead G plainly shown at Figure 2 to
cut the clay from the inside of the pipe, the head G consisting of two disc guide plates
between which the cutter or knife M is affixed.
The shaft F is connected by gearing I, I, to a shaft H¹ and crank handle H for
operating the cutter M. A rapid or jerking motion of the handle L causes the
knife M to assume the position as dotted at Figure 2 and by continuing the motion
of rotation of handle at HI the cutter M will rotate and sever the clay immediately
surrounding the cutter head.
The attendant then stops the machine and turns the handle H which through the
shaft Hand gear wheels I, I, causes the shaft F to rotate.
Should the attendant not stop the machine at the time the proper length of pipe is
made the table E continues to descend the prossure exerted by the shaft F upon the
spring plate K pushes said plate aside so that the shaft F descends a greater distance
until all the clay is expelled from the cylinder or until the machine is stopped. But
if the attendant does stop the machine at the proper time to suit the determined
length of pipe, he, after operating the cutter M kicks the foot lever L sideways and
consequently the lever K to allow the table E, shaft E' and shaft F to descend to
permit of the removal of the made pipe after which the table is raised and the lever K
again kicked under the shaft F, the machine being then set in motion for the making
of a fresh pipe.
According to the third part of my invention, for the purpose of ensuring that cach
successive pipe shall be of similar lengths when cut off, it will be seen that during the
time the following table E, shaft E¹ and issuing pipe are moving the central shaft F
is secured from moving in the same direction by means of a flat spring lever K until
the desired length of pipe has issued and the bottom of following shaft E¹ bears upon
the adjusting nuts J on shaft F.
I do not claim any particular form of cutter, as the cutting operation may be
effected by various forms, as this part of my invention only refers to the use of an
eccentrically fitted revolving cutter in the interior of a pipe for cutting same to length
in a machine truly and rapidly.
According to the fourth part of my invention for securely and rapidly drying either
socketted or unsocketted pipes I use three or more supports or stools as shown at
Figures 3 and 4 and marked a.
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation of a pipe in position for drying and Figure 4
a plan of such pipe showing the stools a placed in position before turning the
pipe over.
By preference I use stools made of thin metal as shown at Figure 5 where b, b,
represent two spikes to secure the stool to the pipe whilst being handled and c the
stem which being of thin metal allows an amount of spring to follow the contraction
of the pipe in drying, but such stools or supports may be formed as at Figure 6
where c represents a wire or prong inserted in a block of any material, such block d
having at same end a segmental metal plate. The pipes may have these stools
placed at either the plain or socket end and the pipe be dried with either end upper-
most. This process is applicable to any system of heat drying (top or bottom) or by
simple air and wind drying.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is -
1
The method of making Ginishing and devina plain or socketted stoneware

page_text: sanitary pipes, or tubes, in the manner and substantially by the apparatus shown on
the annexed drawings.
2. In a socketted end pipe making machine, a moveable throat piece B as and for
the purpose set forth.
3. In a sanitary or like pipe making machine, the shaft F in the follower table
shaft E, the nuts J, the plate K on spindle of kick lever L, all arranged substantially
as shown for the purposes described.
4. The eccentrically arranged cntter M, discs G on head of shaft F, and the
appliances for operating same as and for the purpose described.
5. The spiked or pronged stools for supporting sanitary pipes for drying as
described with reference to Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6 of the annexed drawings.
The 24th day of March 1888