AN IMPROVED PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING OILY AND GREASY MATTER FROM COTTON WASTE, FOR CLEANSING THE SAME, AND OBTAINING A PRODUCT TO BE UTILIZED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PRINTERS' INK AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Talmage Bastand, of Lower Kennington Lane,
Kennington, in the County of Surrey, for an Invention of "AN IMPROVED
PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING OILY AND GREASY MATTER FROM
COTTON WASTE, FOR CLEANSING THE SAME, AND OBTAINING A PRODUCT TO
BE UTILIZED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PRINTERS' INK AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Talmage Bastand
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th November 1880.
CHARLES TALMAGE BASTAND, of Lower Kennington Lane, Kennington, in the
County of Surrey. "AN IMPROVED PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING
OILY AND GREASY MATTER FROM COTTON WASTE, FOR CLEANSING THE SAME,
AND OBTAINING A PRODUCT TO BE UTILIZED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PRINTERS'
INK AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
My Invention relates to an improved process or method of and apparatus for
extracting oil or greasy matter from engineer's cotton waste, so as to cleanse the same
and render it fit for re-use, the product obtained by such extraction being especially
applicable in the manufacture of printing ink. Such product may however be
utilized for coating hempen or cotton fabrics so as to render them water-proof, that
is to say, it may be utilized in the manufacture of tarpauling and the like.
The said Invention consists in subjecting the oily or greasy cotton waste, as it
leaves the engineers to the action of bisulphide of carbon in a closed vessel, or to
the action of ether or other chemical which has an affinity for oil, and which will
vaporize at a less temperature than that at which the oil or grease contained in the
waste will vaporize. I prefer however to use bisulphide of carbon by reason of its
cheapness, as compared with other chemicals having the same properties. This
bisulphide of carbon is caused to saturate the mass of waste and flows with the oil
Price 6d1

page_text: or grease, which it abstracts or takes up through suitable connections into a second
vessel, in which the mixture of bisulphide of carbon and oil is subjected to heat to
cause the former to vaporize; this bisulphide of carbon when thus vaporized passes
through suitable pipes to condenser coils where it is condensed, and is thence
conducted back to the bisulphide of carbon tank or receptacle to be again used.
The oil or grease is then drawn off from the said vessel, and may be advantageously
employed for the manufacture of printing ink or for other purposes; as above stated.
The bisulphide of carbon remaining in the cotton wasto is then vaporized, and the
latter, will then be found free from oil, and will only require washing in cold water
and drying to again fit it for use.
I will now proceed to describe more fully a convenient method of and apparatus
for carrying my Invention into practice. For this purpose I arrange within a
vessel or cylinder and near to its bottom a perforated plate or disc, upon which I
place the greasy cotton waste, and I fill such cylinder to a convenient height, and
then place over the same a perforated plate, which is preferably covered with
canvas or other filtering medium, to prevent the passage with the mixture of oil
and bisulphide of carbon of chips, turnings, or small particles of metal into the
second vessel hereinafter referred to. When this perforated plate is in place,
secure the cover of the cylinder or vessel in an air tight manner.
I then pump
into the space at the bottom of the cylinder below the perforated plate a quantity of
bisulphide of carbon, which I then vaporize by means of a steam coil arranged
below such perforated plate, and to which steam is admitted from any suitable
generator.
The bisulphide of carbon is thus vaporized and permeates and moistens the mass
of waste above such plate. I then shut off the steam from the coil and open a cock
in each of two or more pipes, which communicate with the second vessel hereinafter
termed the vaporizing vessel, and enter the cylinder containing the waste at a
point above the upper perforated plate covered with canvas, as above described.
A further quantity of bisulphide of carbon is then forced into the cylinder,
saturates and passes through the waste, and takes up the oil and fatty matter, and
as the injection of such bisulphide of carbon is continued, it passes off with the oil
through the aforesaid pipes above the perforated plate and communicating with
the vaporizing vessel. When it is found by means of a suitable test cock that the
bisulphide of carbon has extracted all the grease from the waste, and that it is
passing into the vaporizing vessel free from oil, I shut the aforesaid cocks, thereby
closing all communication between the vessel containing the waste-and- such
vaporizing vessel. Within the latter near its bottom I arrange a steam coil, to
which steam is admitted at the same time that the aforesaid cocks are opened, so
that when the mixture of oil and bisulphide of carbon enters the said vessel it will
become heated, and the bisulphide of carbon will vaporize and pass off through
suitable pipes, to condenser coils arranged in tanks supplied with cold water from
any suitable source. This admission of steam to the heating coil is continued until
it is found by a test cock that the bisulphide of carbon is entirely evaporated; the
oil and grease are then left in the bottom of the cylinder or vessel, and may be
drawn off into any suitable receptacle and used for either of the purposes above
specified.
In order to ensure the vaporization of any bisulphide of carbon which might
tend to remain intimately commingled with the oil, I arrange at the bottom of the
vaporizing vessel a steam pipe which is provided with suitable perforations, so that
on steam being admitted to it, it will violently agitate and ensure the proper
heating of the whole of the liquid therein. The bisulphide of carbon condensed in
the condensers is conducted back into the supply tank to be again used, or into any
suitable receptacle.
I connect to the lower end of the condenser coils suitable vent pipes to carry off
any fumes or gas which will not condense, and to prevent the occurrence of a

page_text: In order to remove the bisulphide of carbon left in the vessel containing the
waste, after the cocks in the pipes connecting the latter with the vaporizing vessel
are closed, I provide the bottom of the said vessel containing the waste with a
suitable outlet pipe controlled by a cock, which when opened allows the bisulphide
of carbon to flow back into the supply tank. To then vaporizo the bisulphide of
carbon with which the waste is saturated, I admit steam through a coil into the
vessel in a similar manner, as above described with reference to the vaporizing
vessel. The cotton waste is thus heated, and the bisulphide of carbon is vaporized
and passes off through suitable pipes to condenser coils arranged in tanks similar to
those above described, and is there condensed and finally conducted to the supply
tank. The lid or cover of the vessel containing the waste is then removed, and tho
waste when taken out will be found perfectly free from oil or greasy matter, and is
then washed or rinsed in cold water and dried, and is ready for re-use.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Talmage Bastand in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
13th May 1881.
CHARLES TALMAGE BASTAND, of Lower Kennington Lane, Kennington, in the
County of Surrey. "AN IMPROVED PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING
OILY AND GREASY MATTER FROM COTTON WASTE, FOR CLEANSING THE SAME,
AND OBTAINING A PRODUCT TO BE UTILIZED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PRINTERS'
INK AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
My Invention relates to an improved process or method of, and apparatus for, the
extraction of oily and greasy matter from engineers' cotton waste, so as to cleanse
the same and render it fit for re-use, the product obtained by such extraction being
especially applicable in the manufacture of printing ink. This product may more-
over be utilized for coating hempen or cotton fabrics to render them waterproof,
that is to say, it may be utilized in the manufacture of tarpaulin and the like.
The said Invention consists in subjecting the oily or greasy cotton waste, in the
state in which it is commonly left after use, to the action of bisulphide of carbon in
a closed vessel, or to the action of ether or other volatile liquid which has an affinity
for oil, and which will vaporize at a lower temperature than that at which the oil
or grease contained in the waste will vaporize. I prefer, however, to use bisulphide
of carbon, by reason of its cheapness as compared with other liquids having the
same properties. This bisulphide of carbon is caused to saturate the mass of waste
contained in the closed vessel, and flows with the oil or grease which it abstracts or
takes up through suitable connections into a second vessel in which the mixture
of bisulphide of carbon and oil is subjected to heat to cause the former to vaporize.
This bisulphide of carbon when thus vaporized passes through suitable pipes to
condenser coils, where it is condensed, and is thence conducted back to the supply
tank or receptacle to be again used. The oil or grease then left in the said vessel
is drawn off, and may be advantageously employed for the manufacture of printing
ink or for other purposes as above stated. The bisulphide of carbon remaining in
the cotton-waste is then vaporized, and the latter will then be found free from oil,
and will only require washing in cold water, drying, and beating or opening to
again fit it for use.
My Invention is illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, in which
Figure 1 is a plan of my improved apparatus with the cover of the cylinder or
vessel for containing the cotton waste removed and also the perforated plates
employed therein, and with the cover of the vaporizing vessel or cylinder also
removed, and
Figure 2 a front elevation of the said apparatus.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal vertical section of the apparatus on the line x, x,
Figure 1.
Liko letters indicate the same parts throughout the Drawing.
a is the vessel for containing the cotton waste; b, c, are perforated plates
therein; d is the vaporizing vessel; e is a pipe through which the bisulphide of
carbon is injected into the vessel a; f is an unperforated steam coil or pipe for
vaporizing such bisulphide of carbon; 7 represents a cock arranged in the pipe h,
through which the bisulphide of carbon, mixed with the oil or grease, flows to the
vaporizing vessel; i is an unperforated steam coil or pipe for heating the mixture
of bisulphide of carbon and oil or grease in the vessel d; j, j, are outlet pipes
extending from the latter to the condenser coils ; 1,1, are the water-tanks enclosing
these coils and supplied with water through pipes m; n is a cock for drawing off
the oil and grease from the vessel d; o is a perforated steam pipe, through which
steam is passed to effect the agitation of the contents of the vessel d; p, p, are
vent pipes to carry off noxious gases; q is the outlet pipe for drawing off the

page_text: bisulphide of carbon from the vessel a; r is a perforated steam pipe in the bottom
of the latter, and 8, 8, are outlet pipes extending from the said vessel a, and
communicating with condensing coils 2. The remaining parts are hereinafter
described.
In carrying my Invention into practice I arrange within the vessel or cylinder a
and near the bottom thereof the perforated plate or disc b, upon which I place the
greasy cotton waste, and I fill such cylinder to a convenient height and then place
over the same the perforated plate c, which is preferably covered with, or is placed
over, canvas cocoa nut matting or other filtering material to prevent the passage
with the mixture of oil and bisulphide of carbon of chips, turnings, or small
particles of metal into the vessel & hereinafter described. When this perforated
plate is in place I secure the cover a¹ upon the cylinder or vessel a in an air-tight
manner. I then force through the pipe c by a suitable pump a quantity of
bisulphide of carbon, which enters tho space a* between the bottom of the
cylinder and the perforated plato b. This bisulphide of carbon is then vaporized
by admitting steam from any suitable generator to the steam coil f arranged below
the said perforated plate b.
The bisulphide of carbon is thus vaporized by the heat evolved from the said
coil f, and permeates, softens, and heats the mass of waste above the plate b. After
this vaporization of the bisulphide of carbon, the steam is shut off from the said
coil f, and the cock g in the pipo h is opened. The said pipe communicates with
the vaporizing vessel d, and enters the cylinder a at a point above the upper
perforated plate c, as shewn. A further quantity of bisulphide of carbon now
forced into the cylinder a saturates and passes through the wasto contained
therein, and takes up the oil and fatty matter, and as the injection of the bisulphide
of carbon is continued it passes through the plate c and flows with the oil through
the pipe into the vaporizing vessel d. When it is found, by means of a suitablo
test cock at h¹, that the bisulphide of carbon has abstracted all of the oil or grease
from the cotton waste, and that the bisulphide is passing into the vaporizing
vessel d free from oil or grease, I shut the aforesaid cock g, thereby closing all
communication between the vessel a containing the waste and the said vaporizing
vessel d. Within the latter, and near its bottom, I arrange the steam coil or
pipe to which steam is admitted at the same time that the aforesaid cock g is
opened, so that when the mixture of oil and bisulphide of carbon enters the said
vessel it will become licated, and the bisulphide of carbon will be vaporized and
pass off through the outlet pipes ; to the condensers or condenser coils . These
coils are arranged in the tanks supplied from any suitable source with cold water
through the pipes m extending down to, or nearly to the bottom of the said tanks,
which are provided at their upper ends with suitable overflow pipes *. The
admission of steam to the heating coil i is continued until it is ascertained by
means of a test cock d¹ that the bisulphide of carbon is entirely evaporated.
To ensure the vaporization of any bisulphide of carbon which might remain
intimately commingled with the oil in the vaporizing vessel d I arrange at the
bottom of the said vessel the steam pipe o, which is perforated as shewn so that
steam admitted thereto will enter the mixture of bisulphide of carbon and oil or
grease, and violently agitate and ensure the proper heating of the whole of the
samo.
The oil and grease after such vaporization of the bisulphide of carbon or other
volatile liquid are left in the bottom of the cylinder or vessel d, and may be drawn
off into any suitable receptacle through the cock n, and used for either of the
purposes above specified.
The bisulphide of carbon condensed in the condensers is conducted back by
the pipes into the supply tank to be again used, or into any other suitable
receptacle.
I connect to the lower end of the condenser-coils / suitable vent pipes p to carry
off any noxious fumes or gases which will not condense, and to prevent the
occurrence of a vacuum in such coils. Instead of employing one pipe h I in some

page_text: cases use two or more of such pipes, each pipe being provided with a cock as above
described.
In order to remove the bisulphide of carbon left in the vessel a containing the
waste after the closing of the cock or cocks g in the pipe or pipes h, I provide the
bottom of the said vessel a with the outlet pipe q, the passage of liquid through
which is controlled by a cock q¹, which when opened allows the bisulphide of
carbon to flow back into the supply-tank. To then vaporize the bisulphide of
carbon with which the waste is saturated I admit steam through the perforated
coil into the vessel a in a similar manner to that above described with reference
to the pipe o in the vaporizing vessel d. The cotton waste is thus heated, and the
bisulphide of carbon is vaporized and passes off through the pipes or outlets 8 to
the condenser coils (which are arranged in tanks similar to the tanks / above
described), and is there condensed and finally conducted to the supply tank.
The lid or cover of the vessel a containing the cotton waste may then be
removed, and the waste when taken out will be found perfectly free from oil or
greasy matter.
It is then washed or rinsed in cold water, dried, and if desired,
subjected in a suitable machine to a beating or opening operation, after which it
will be found ready for re-use.
By the employment of a cock g in the pipe or pipes h I am enabled at any time
to open or close the communication between the vessels a and d so that the
vaporization of the bisulphide of carbon in the vessel d can be proceeded with
when the vessel a is being charged or emptied, a great saving of time being thus
effected.
Having thus fully described my said Invention, and the manner of performing
the same, I wish it understood that I do not confine myself to the exact details of
construction of my improved apparatus, as illustrated in the accompanying Drawing,
as the same may be modified in many ways without departing from the principlo
of my Invention; and I claim,-
First. The process, consisting in subjecting cotton waste in a closed vessel to the
nction of bisulphide of carbon, ether, or other volatile liquid which flows with the
oil and grease it takes up from such waste to a second vessel where the bisulphide
of carbon or other volatile liquid is vaporized, and thereby separated from such
oil and grease, and afterwards condensed for re-use, as above set forth, and for the
purposes specified.
Second. The combination with the vessel for containing the cotton waste, and
provided with perforated plates, of the vaporizing vessel communicating therewith
by a pipe or pipes provided with a cock, as above set forth and for the purposos
specified.
Third. Providing the said vessels with the perforated and unperforated steam
pipes at the bottom of the same, substantially as above set forth, and for the
purposes specified.
Fourth. The combination with the vessel for containing the cotton waste and
the vaporizing vessel, of the condensing coils enclosed in water tanks or vessels,
substantially as above set forth, and for the purposes specified.
Fifth. The apparatus for extracting oil and grease from cotton waste, consisting
of the parts constructed and combined substantially as above set forth, and for the
purposes specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Talmage Bastand, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.