IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO THE MANUFACTURE AND PRODUCTION OF STEEL AND STEEL AND IRON CASTINGS."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Hays Wilson, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, for an Invention of “IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO THE
MANUFACTURE AND PRODUCTION OF STEEL AND STEEL AND IRON CASTINGS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Hays Wilson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th April 1880.
"IMPROVEMENTS
JOHN HAYS WILSON, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster.
IN AND RELATING TO THE MANUFACTURE AND PRODUCTION OF STEEL AND STEEL.
AND IRON CASTINGS."
First. My Invention consists in manufacturing or producing steel from iron
which has been, as far as possible deprived or rendered free from phosphorous,
sulphur, or silicon. The iron I prefer to employ, and which is such an iron as may
be termed free from phosphorous, sulphur, or silicon, is that made under certain
Letters Patent granted to Henry Clay Bull, dated 9th September, 1879, No. 3624,
and 31st December, 1879, No. 5324.
Second. My Invention consists in manufacturing or producing steel castings from
iron, such as described under the first head.
0
Third. My Invention consists in manufacturing or producing iron castings from
iron, such as described under the first head.
Although iron, such as that manufactured under the before referred to Patents of
the said Henry Clay Bull, can be converted into steel by cementation, or any
other of the processes now in use for making pot or crucible steel, I prefer to employ
spiegel-eisen and charcoal, or ferro manganese and charcoal, or a mixture of spiegel-
eisen, ferro manganese, and charcoal, and by varying the proportions of the spiegel-
eisen, ferro manganese and charcoal with the iron in the pot, crucible, or other
vessel when smelting, 1 produce steel of various degrees of hardness or mildness, as
may be required.
I will define the essential points of my Invention to be,—
First. The conversion of wrought or malleable iron into steel, by melting it with
spiegel-eisen. ferro manganese, one or both. and charcoal

page_text: Second. The use for conversion into steel, being pot or crucible steel, of iron
made under the before referred to Patents of Henry Clay Bull, No. 3624, A.D. 1879,
and No. 5324, A.D. 1879.
Third. The use for conversion into pot or crucible steel, of iron which has been
freed from phosphorous, sulphur, and silicon, such as the iron made under Patents,
No. 3624, A.D. 1879, and No. 5324, A.D. 1879, granted to Henry Clay Bull.
Fourth. The use of such iron as before described for making steel and iron
castings.
Fifth. The use of iron produced under the said Henry Clay Bull's process, and
similar iron for converting into pot or crucible steel, by cementation or any other
-process.now in use.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Hays Wilson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 5th Octobor
1880.
JOHN HAYS WILSON, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN AND RELATING TO THE MANUFACTURE AND PRODUCTION OF STEEL AND STEEL
AND IRON CASTINGS."
First. My Invention consists in manufacturing or producing steel from iron,
which has been as far as possible deprived or rendered free from phosphorous,
sulphur, or silicon. The iron I prefer to employ, and which is such an iron as may
be termed free from phosphorous, sulphur, or silicon, is that made under certain
Letters Patent granted to Henry Clay Bull, dated 9th September, 1879, No. 3624,
and 31 December, 1879, No. 5324.
Second. My Invention consists in manufacturing or producing steel castings
from iron, such as described under tho first head.
Third. My Invention consists in manufacturing or producing iron castings from
iron, such as described under the first head.
Although iron, such as that manufactured under the before referred to Patents of
the said Henry Clay Bull, can be converted into steel by cementation, or any
other of the processes now in use for making pot or crucible steel, I prefer to
employ spiegel eisen and charcoal, or ferro manganese and charcoal, or a mixture of
spiegel eisen, ferro manganese and charcoal, and by varying the proportions of the
spiegel eisen, ferro manganese and charcoal with the iron in the pot, crucible, or
other vessel when smelting, I produce steel of various degrees of hardness or
mildness, as may be required.
I will define the essential points of my Invention to be,-
First. The conversion of wrought or malleable iron into pot or crucible steel, by
melting it with spiegel eisen, ferro manganese, one or both, and charcoal.
Second. The use for conversion into steel, being pot or crucible steel, of iron
made under the before referred to Patents of Henry Clay Bull, No. 3624, A.D. 1879,
and No. 5324, A.D. 1879.
Third. The use for conversion into pot or crucible steel, of iron which has been
freed from phosphorous, sulphur, and silicon, such as the iron made under Patents
No. 3624, A.D. 1879, and No. 5324, A.D. 1879, granted to Henry Clay Bull
Fourth. The use of such iron as before described for making steel and iron
castings.
Fifth. The use of iron produced under the said Henry Clay Bull's process, and
similar iron for converting into pot or crucible steel by cementation or any other
process now in use.
In the carrying out of my Invention, I melt in a suitable pot, crucible, or
converter, the materials in or about the following proportions, which will vary
slightly according to the hardness or mildness of the steel to be produced:-
H. C. Bull's iron
2
48 lbs.

page_text: 'made under the Patents of H. C. Bull, before referred to, by melting such iron with
ferro manganese and charcoal, or spiegel eisen and charcoal, or ferro manganese,
and spiegel cisen and charcoal, in or about the proportions stated.
Second. The use of iron purified as far as possible from phosphorous, sulphur and
silicon made under the Patents herein cited of H. C. Bull, for conversion into that
kind of steel known as crucible steel by cementation, and the processes ordinarily
used in the manufacture of crucible steel.
hand
In witness whereof, I, the said John Hays Wilson, have hereunto set my
and seal, this Fourth day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty.
-JOHN. HAYS (L.S.) WILSON.