Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for the Manufacture of Earthenware Sanitary Tubes or Pipes.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Apr., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 1st Jan., 1890-Accepted, 8th Mar., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for the Manufacture of
Earthenware Sanitary Tubes or Pipes.
We, HENRY TUKE, of 18, St. Lukes Road, Beeston Hill, Leeds, in the County of
York, Engineer, and ARTHUR RAMSDEN, of the Vestry Hall, Chiswick, in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
This invention relates to improvements in machinery or apparatus for the manu-
facture of earthenware sanitary tubes or pipes in which both ends may be larger than
the body thereof or otherwise, and by which both the spigot and the fancet ends can
be made at one operation, that is, before the pipe leaves the machine in which it is
made, and consists of specially constructed dies that may be attached to what is well
known as a sanitary pipe making machine as usually constructed.
The invention is particularly suitable for the inanufacture of what are known as
"The Archer patent sanitary tube" and similar tubes.
The improved die or dies is or are made in duplex form internally, that is :-with
a recess or enlarged part at both the upper and lower sides to admit of both the
enlarged ends of a pipe or tube being made as above referred to in one machine and
so that either the spigot or the faucet end can be formed either at the upper or lower
being
side of the said die or dies at pleasure, the part known as the "drum head"
suitably constructed for this purpose. The arrangement of inechanism for actuating
the die or dies is such that the drum-head can be released as soon as one of the ends
of a pipe or tube is formed at the lower side of the die or dies, after which (the die
being still closed) the body or straight part of the pipe or tube is completed in the
usual manner. The forination of the upper end of the pipe or tube (when not of the
kind which becomes formed during the formation of the straight or intermediate part
of said pipe or tube) is then completed. This may be effected, when the upper end of
the pipe or tube is to be made with a spigot, by means of an annular projection
arranged within the upper part of the die in conjunction with another annular pro-
jection or ring on the bell core. The latter projection or ring may in some cases be
stationary upon the said core but in order to allow of the free passage of the material
of which the pipe or tube is to be made, into the die to form the intermediate portion
of the pipe or tube, and to ensure that such material shall be forced under the first
inentioned annular projection, the said projection or ring may be arranged to be slidden
upon the bell core by any convenient means. When the upper end of the pipe or tube
is to be formed with a faucet or annular recess, there may be arranged within the
upper part of the die or annular ring that is carried by a bridge piece secured to the
upper part of the bell core, the said ring being so arranged that clay or other material
can be forced along each side thereof. After the formation of the upper end of the
tube the dies are opened and the pipe or tube cut off in the usual or any other
convenient inauner.
The dies are made in two parts which are so arranged as to be moved apart when
unclamped by rods with slotted ends operated by a hand lever.
This invention may be carried out in various ways without departure from its
characteristic feature which consists in forming the die or dies and adjacent parts in
such a manner that a projecting shoulder or collar may be made at both ends of a
tube at one passage through the machine, thereby saving a second operation.
Takadake 1st day of Anril 1889
T. E. CRAVEN,
Per F. J. B.

page_text: Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for the Manufacture of
Earthenware Sanitary Tubes or Pipes.
We HENRY TUKE of 18 St. Lukes Road Beeston Hill Leeds in the County of York
engineer and ARTHUR RAMSDEN of the Vestry Hall Chiswick in the County of
Middlesex civil engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in machinery or apparatus for the manu-
facture of earthenware sanitary tubes or pipes in which both ends may be thickened
or externally flanged or larger than the body thereof, or otherwise, and by which the
spigot and faucet ends may be made at one operation; that is before the pipe leaves
the sanitary tube making machine as usually constructed in which it is made; and
consists of specially constructed dies that may be attached to the said ordinary.
sanitary pipe making machine. The invention is particularly suitable for the manu-
facture of what is known as the "Archer" Patent Sanitary Tube, for which Letters
Patent dated 11th December 1886 No. 16272 were granted to Arthur Ramsden one
of the present applicants where it is essential that the tubes or pipes should be made
of one continuous mass of clay or other material, as it is found that the addition of
any separate piece of material in the process of manufacture, to form the flanged
or thickened parts at the spigot or faucet ends diminishes the strength and usefulness
of the tube or pipe.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this speci-
fication wherein Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of lower portion of ordinary
sanitary tube making machine with the improved dies attached for making the
spigot end upwards.
Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of same for making the socket end upwards;
the opening levers and cutting apparatus being shown in this instance.
Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view of the dies, showing also the knives.
Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view of apparatus for grooving out the socket or
spigot from the thickened or enlarged ends of the pipe, made in the pipe machine
with the improved dies.
The improved die or dies A Figs. 1 & 2 is, or are, made in duplex form internally,
that is, with a recess or enlarged part at both the upper and lower sides B & C
Figs. 1&2 to admit of both the enlarged ends of a pipe or tube being made as
above referred to in one machine, or the ordinary clay cylinder D Figs. 1 & 2, and
so that either the spigot or the faucet end can be formed either at the upper or
lower side of the said die, or dies at pleasure; the part known as the "drumhead"
or spigot or socket ring die E Figs. 1 & 2 being suitably constructed for this
purpose. The arrangement of mechanism for actuating the die or dies is such that
the "drumhead" can be released at F Figs. 1 & 2 as soon as one of the ends of a
pipe or tube is formed at the lower side of the die or dies C Figs. 1 & 2, after
which (the die being still closed) the body or straight part of the pipe or tube, is
compressed out of the machine through the narrow part A until the required. length.
of pipe is obtained. The formation of the upper end of the pipe or tube. (when not
of the kind which becomes formed during the formation of the straight or inter-
mediate part of said pipe or tube) has been at the same time completed in the..upper
recess B of the die.
When the upper end of the pipe or tube is to be made with the spigot an annular
projection G Fig. 1 is arranged within the upper part of the die in conjunction, with
another annular projection or, ring H Fig. 1 on the bell.core.I Fig. 1. The latter.
projection or ring may in some cases be stationary upon the said core, but in order
to allow of the free passage of the material of which the pipe or tube is to be made,
into the die, to form the intermediate portion of the pipe or tube, and to ensure that
4

page_text: such material shall be forced under the first mentioned annular projection, the said
projection or ring may be arranged to be slidden upon the bell core by any
convenient means.
When the upper end of the pipe or tube is to be formed with a faucet or annular
recess there may be arranged within the upper part of the die an annular ring J
Fig. 2 that is carried by a bridge piece K Fig. 2 secured to the upper part of the
bell core I Fig. 2 or at L Fig. 2 the said ring being so arranged that clay or other
material can be forced along each side thereof.
After the expression of the proper length of pipe, and the consequent formation of
the upper end of the tube the dies are opened and the pipe cut off by operating the
levers as hereinafter described.
The dies are made in two parts which are so arranged as to be, when unclamped,
moved apart, by rocking shafts and rods with slotted ends as at M. Fig. 2 operated by
a hand lever N Fig. 2. The first operation or pull of the lever relieves the
"drumhead." E so that the pipe may be expressed out of the machine, and brings
the opposite side of slot M against the bolt O Fig. 2. The second operation or pull
of the lever opens the dies, and at the same time forces inwards two knives P
Fig. 2 working horizontally between the plates at Q Fig. 2 cutting the pipe at R
Fig. 2; the knives being notched or indented on the face in one or more places
to enable them to pass beyond the suspending rods S Fig. 2 and cut the clay on
the inner side of the ring J Fig. 2. To give free passage to the knives the dies are
made to have, in their, progress outwards, when opening, a slight downward notion.
Attached, to; the rocking shafts T & U Fig. 2 are small spur wheels of equal
diameter, geared into each other which give the rocking shafts the necessary
opposite motions.
The knives may be worked separately or independently of the dies by discon-
necting the two small rocking shafts T Fig. 2 from the larger ones U Fig. 2
adding another connecting link to couple the two sinaller rocking shafts and fixing
a hand lever upon one of these latter. The dies can be opened without affecting the
knives and worked backward and forward without affecting the dies.
Where it is desirable or necessary in order to suit the different kinds of clay or
material to be worked, to form in the pipe making machine only the thickened or
enlarged upper end of the tube, without the spigot or socket thereon, these two
latter parts may be grooved or cut out of the enlarged end by a separate operation,
and in the manner shown in Fig. 4 of the accompanying drawings.
This grooving apparatus consists of a fly-wheel with arms arranged, so that cutters
may be attached and put at different distances from the centre to suit the different
sizes of pipes. The wheel is bored out to fit to a spindle which works on a girder.
This girder may be of wood, and a cast iron boss or bush inserted for the spindle to
work in, and the spindle can be turned round by means of a swape handle as shown,
or by the rim of the fly wheel itself.
The cutter V Fig. 4 for cutting down, in this instance the sides of the groove is
fixed at right angles to the wheel, but the cutter Y Fig. 4 for ploughing out the
clay is fixed at an obliquely. a Fig. 3 is a guard, which may be a disc of iron, or
a flat rimmed wheel for limiting the cutting depth of the knives. c is a projecting
spindle upon which the pipe d centres as the knives are put in motion. This
spindle passes into the bushed centre e of the wooden drum f inside the pipe as the
latter on the trolley g is wheeled against the knives. The trolley may be made to
stand on a turn-table in front of and with an inclination towards the cutting
apparatus, so that the pipe may press against the knives; the trolley being provided
in that case with wheels larger in front than those behind.
For the smaller sizes of pipes the fixed fly-wheel and trolley may be dispensed
with and the disc or flat-rimmed wheel and the projecting spindle attached to its
centre, may be worked by hand, by inserting the spindle into the bush in the
centre of the drum when the pipe is on end or otherwise, and revolving the disc
or wheel until the parts are cut or grooved out.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is
1. The improved die, or dies, with recess or enlarged part at the upper and lower
side, whereby sanitary tubes and other pipes, having, at both ends, flanged,
thickened or enlarged parts, are made of one continuous piece of clay, or other
material, in an ordinary sanitary tube machine at one operation, and before the pipe
leaves said nachine as set forth in the annexed specification and drawings.
2. The particular arrangement of annular projections and rings at the upper
recess of said dies, to form either the spigot or socket upwards on the thickened or
flanged ends of sanitary tubes and other pipes, as set forth in the annexed
specification and drawings.
3. The particular means of cutting off the pipe in the pipe making machine, with
knives working horizontally, as set forth in the annexed specification and drawings.
4. The particular means with reference to Fig. 4 of the drawings, for cutting or
grooving the spigot or socket out of the thickened or enlarged ends of sanitary
tubes and other pipes after they leave the pipe making machine as set forth in the
annexed specification and drawings.
Dated this Ist day of January 1890.
HENRY TUKE.
ARTHUR RAMSDEN.