IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRESSING WOOLLEN AND OTHER WOVEN OR FELTED FABRICS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Henry Nussey and William Bradshaw
Leachman, both of Leeds, in the County of York, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRESSING WOOLLEN
AND OTHER WOVEN OR FELTED FABRICS."
Sealed the 22nd February 1870, and dated the 1st September 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Henry Nussey,
and William Bradshaw Leachman at the Office of the Commis-
sioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 1st September 1869.
We, GEORGE HENRY NUSSEY and WILLIAM BRADSHAW LEACHMAN,
both of Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
PRESSING WOOLLEN AND OTHER WOVEN OR FELTED FABRICS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to a novel arrangement of hot and cold rollers
or cylinders, as hereafter described, so as to dispense entirely with the
process called papering, and thereby saving much time and expense
heretofore attending the finishing of woollen and other woven or felted,
fabrics.

page_text: On two suitable frames, which are parallel with each other, we
place by preference four rollers or cylinders. The first pair of the
aforesaid rollers are hollow, and are heated by steam or other suitable
means. The second pair of the aforesaid rollers are cold and not
necessarily hollow, although they may be made so, and supplied with
cold water or chemical preparations, if necessary, so as to set the nap
after passing through or between the hot rollers, and thus keeping the
body in the cloth. To the underneath rollers of the aforesaid hot and
cold rollers pressure is applied by levers and weights or other mechanical
means, the aforesaid hot and cold rollers being capable of adjustment in
the direction of the upper rollers of the aforesaid hot and cold rollers.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Henry Nussey and William Bradshaw
Leachman in the Great Seal Patent Oflice on the 26th February
1870
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wе GEORGE
HENRY NUSSEY and WILLIAM BRADSHAW LEACHMAN, both of Leeds, in
the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said George Henry Nussey and William Brad-
shaw Leachman, Her special licence that we, the said George Henry
Nussey and William Bradshaw, Leachman, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said George Henry Nussey and
William Bradshaw Leachman, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
PRESSING WOOLLEN AND OTHER WOVEN OR FELTED FABRICS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said George Henry Nussey and William
Bradshaw, Leachman, our executors or administrators, by an instrument

page_text: in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said George Henry Nussey and
William Bradshaw Leachman, do hereby declare the nature of our
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
Our Invention relates to a novel arrangement of hot and cold rollers
or cylinders, as hereafter described, so as to dispense entirely with the
process called papering, and thereby saving much time and expense
heretofore attending the finishing of woollen and other woven or felted
fabrics.
On two suitable frames, which are parallel with each other, we place
by preference four rollers or cylinders. The first pair of the aforesaid
rollers are hollow, and are heated by steam or other suitable means.
The second pair of the aforesaid rollers are cold and not necessarily
hollow, although they may be so, and supplied with cold water or
other chemical preparations, if necessary, so as to set the
nap after
passing through or between the hot rollers, and thus keeping the body
in the cloth. To the underneath rollers of the aforesaid hot and cold
rollers pressure is applied by levers and weights or other mechanical
means, the aforesaid hot and cold rollers being capable of adjustment in
the direction of the upper rollers of the aforesaid hot and cold rollers.
In order that our said Invention may be more completely understood,
we annex a Sheet of Drawings, in which Fig. 1 represents an end
elevation, Fig. 2 a side elevation, Fig. 3 a plan, Fig. 4 a section of a top
roller, and Fig. 5 a section of a bottom roller.
It will be seen that we have illustrated a machine worked by power;
but it is evident that we can substitute a winch handle for the driving
pulley.
a, a, are the standards and framework of the machine; b, b, the hot
rollers; c, c, the cold rollers; d, d, represent friction or tightening rollers.
The fabric is first passed between the friction rollers to give the necessary
tension before passing between the hot rollers, after the hot rollers it is

page_text: passed between the cold rollers for the purpose of setting the nap. e, e,
are levers, and f, f, are weights, by which means an upward pressure
is given to the bottom rollers; this pressure may be increased or
diminished to suit the various kinds of fabric by altering the position
or size of the weights. The bottom rollers run in sliding bushes g. 9,
fitting in corresponding guides in or on the standards a, a, the upright
rods h, h, transmit the pressure given by the levers and weights to the
bottom rollers; i, i, i, are tables or supports for the fabric as it passes
to and from the rollers. The table at the back of the machine is
continued sufficiently far to allow the attendants to fold or "cuttle the
fabric. The tables i, i, i, are supported by brackets fixed on the
standards a, a; each roller is provided with a feed pipe, through
which hot or cold fluid is supplied, and also with a waste or overflow
pipe 1, through which the superfluous fluid is allowed to escape. Each
pipe is connected with the rollers by a stuffing box m, which is packed
in such a manner as not to allow any leakage of the fluid as it enters or
passes off from the rollers. The end of each pipe inside each stuffing
box has a collar, by preference turned conical as shewn, and working
against a bush of brass or other suitable material, as shewn. The tubes
or pipes are (securely) held in their required position by means of suitable
brackets. Tubing of any suitable kind may be attached to the ends of
the pipes &; this depends on the position and nature of the supply
of fluid. The rollers have each a V groove o turned in them at each
end, this prevents any of the lubricating substance from the bearings
getting to the fabric operated upon. The driving pulley may be keyed
on to the boss of the driving pinion, which gears with the spur wheel on
the top rollers; a loose pulley also runs on the boss of the pinion. The
pinion is then mounted and runs on a stud carried by one of the
standards.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, we would remark that
we do not limit ourselves to two hot and two cold rollers, as any
required number may be added in the manner shewn by dotted red lines
in Fig. 1, neither do we limit ourselves to the exact details and con-
figuration of parts, as the same may be of course varied or modified
without departing from the nature and principle of our Invention; but
what we claim and desire to have secured to us by the herein in part
recited Letters Patent is, the arrangement, construction, and application

page_text: of hot and cold rollers, substantially as and for the purposes herein
set forth.
In witness whereof, we, the said George Henry Nussey and William
Bradshaw Leachman, have hereunto set our hand and seal, this
Twenty-fourth day of February, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy.
GEORGE HENRY NUSSEY.
(L.S.)
WILLIAM BRADSHAW LEACHMAN. (L.S.)