IMPROVEMENTS IN THE DRYING OF CORN OR GRAIN FOR GRINDING AND PRESERVING, AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING SAME, AND IS APPLICABLE TO DRYING OF OTHER SEEDS
Year: 1856

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by William McCarton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and Declaration, on
the 18th March 1856, pursuant to the 9th Section of the Patent Law
Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
M CARTON, of Number Twenty-one Clarence Place, in the City of Dublin,
Carpenter, send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
DRYING OF CORN OR GRAIN FOR GRINDING AND PRESERVING, AND APPARATUS FOR
PERFORMING SAME, AND IS APPLICABLE TO DRYING OF OTHER SEEDS," and havo
petitioned Her Majesty to grant to me, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, Her Royal Letters Patent for the same, and have made solemu
declaration that I verily believe myself to be the true and first Inventor
thereof.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William McCarton, do hereby declare
that the following complete Specification, under my hand and seal, fully
describes the nature of my said Invention, and in what mauner the same is
to be performed, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, that
is to say:-
First, to economize fuel in the drying of corn or grain required for grinding
and preserving, and of apparatus for performing same, which may be applied
to the drying of other seeds.

page_text: Secondly, to expedite the time now employed in the drying of corn or
grain.
Thirdly, to diminish the manual labour employed in operations as now
practised in drying corn or grain.
And, fourthly, every portion of the corn or grain operated on by the using
of my improved apparatus is exposed on all sides to an equalization of the
desired temperature.
The aforesaid corn or grain is thereby more equally
dried; being all equally firm, is consequently better adopted for grinding or
preserving than by the drying process now in use.
My improvements consist in the use of an outer wove wire or perforated
metal case, and of an inner wove wire or perforated metal case, of the required
finess of mesh or perforation not to allow the corn or grain to pass through said
wire meshes or perforations; and I arrainge these wire or perforated metal cases
so that while the corn or grain is passing in a downard direction by the
force of gravity and between the aforesaid wove wire or perforated metal
cases, a column of hot air of the desired temperature is made to ascend from
a suitable furnase into the hot air chamber, passes from it through the outer
wire or perforated case through the corn or grain, and into the inner wire or
'perforated case, and to the atmosphere by the eduction flue.
:
It will be at once perceived that from the corn or grain all getting equally
heated, and no one grain imparting its dampness to any other, and from the
facility of giving any quantity of air, particularly if a fan be used as an
exhaust, a much lower temperature may be used for drying corn or grain than
can be by any other system now in use. The hoppers being metal plates and
placed over the hot air chamber imparts warmth to the corn or grain before
getting into and between the wove wire or perforated metal cases. The above
arrangements more perfectly drying the corn or grain, and causing great
economy in fuel, thereby drying the corn or grain equally, and more certainly
fitting it better for the purposes of grinding or preserving than is now practised,
which is more fully understood by the following description and plans thereof
annexed.
Figure One is a sectional elevation of my improved new apparatus for the
drying corn or grain for grinding or preserving. A, A, the hoppers for
receiving the corn or grain, which are made of metal plates, which feed the
drying aparatus; and B, B, B, B, the passage for the descent of the corn or
grain to be dried, which passage narrows gradually from the top to the bottom;
C, C, C, C, the hot air chamber, with its induction and eduction flues; D, the
outer wove wire or perforated metal case, which may be square, round, or of
any convenient form; E, the inner wove wire or perforated metal case, of

page_text: lesser dimensions, tapering from its bottom up. The dimensions of the outer
case and of the inner case bear a relative proportion, no matter what. form
they may be made, and the proportion which I adopt in practise is four inches
between their sides at top and one inch and an half, at bottoni, and in length
about thirty feet; but am not confined to these dimensions in breadth or
length, as I may extend or diminish same according as it may be required.
The corn or grain in.its descent from the hoppers between the aforesaid wire
or perforated metal cases meets at intervals in its descent a number of angular
obstructions of metal F, F, F, F, extending across and placed at intervals
between the aforesaid wire or perforated metal cases, which binds them toge-
ther and. turns the corn or grain in its descent, in order to expose the corn or
grain more equally throughout to the heat. G, G, G, are a number of exite
shuts for the passage of the corn or grain when dried to pass into a proper
shut or funnel to convey it to a convenient store, which exite shuts are opened
or shut, as occasion may require, by proper slides, operated on by a lever under
the guidance of the operator.
I would wish it to be understood that I am not confined to the size of the
hot air chamber, or to the number of wove wire or perforated metal cases or
their form, as it may be according the quantity of corn or grain to be dried
or preserved that the size of the hot air chamber and the number of wove
wire or perforated metal cases may be determined; nor am I confined to any
fixed distance between each outside wove wire or perforated metal cases.
Figure Two, a horisontal plan of the hoppers or feeders, which are formed
of metal plates, and on which the corn or grain to be dried for grinding or
preserving is placed by proper shuts or funnels from the corn or grain store,
the letters of reference being the same as in the vertical section, Figure One.
One hopper feeds one outer and one inner wire or perforated metal case. A,
the hopper; B, the passage for the corn or grain to be dried to pass through;
C, the eduction flue.
Figure Three, the under plate of framework of the apparatus; B, B, being
the exite passages for the dried corn or grain; and G, G, G, sectional
sentations of the exite passages, as shewn at G, G, G, Figure One.
repre-
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be carried into practical opperation, and the means of
doing so, I would have it understood that I do not in any case confine myself
to the exact details of the arrangements I have described, so long as the
general principals of the same are retained.
First, I claim the use of an outer and inner wove wire or perforated metal
cases, as described,

page_text: Secondly, I claim the passing of hot air from the hot air-chamber into the
outer wove wire or perforated metal case; which must necessarily meet in its
passage the corn.or grain in its descent, as described, and carrying away any
damp vapour immediately as made into the eduction flue....
And, thirdly, I claim the passing of the corn or grain by the force of gravity,
and between the outer and inners wove wire or perforated metal cases, and of
the angular obstructions to its fall, and of the passing of a column or current
of hot air of the desired temperature cinto? and out of the eduction: flue to
carry. away all damp vapours, drying the corn or grain in its descent from the
hoppers to the exite. passages, and to the receiver of the same..
In witness whereof, I, the said William McCarton, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight' hundred and fifty-six."
WILLIAM MCCARTON. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the said
William McCarton, in the presence of
FRANCIS S. BEATTY,..
5, Bedford Row, Dublin.