IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING, LOWERING, AND MOVING WEIGHTS OR OTHER HEAVY BODIES
Year: 1850

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
FULLJAMES, of Old Kent Road, in the County of Surrey, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster,
the Twenty-sixth day of June, in the fourteenth year of Her reign, did give
and grant unto me, the said Thomas Fulljames, my exors, admors, and assigns,
Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that 1, the said
Thomas Fulljames, my exors, adiñiors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Thomas Fulljames, my exors, adñors, and assigns, should at any tinie agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times hereafter during
the term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within that part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland called England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and
in the Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, and Man, and in all
Her Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING, LOWERING, AND MOVING WEIGHTS OR
OTHER HEAVY BODIES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso

page_text: that I, the said Thomas Fulljames, shall particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the suid Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to be inrolled
in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Thomas Fulljames, do hereby declare that the nature of the Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly ascertained
in and by the following description and the Drawings hereunto annexed,
marked Sheets A and B, in which the Figures represent different views of the
same apparatus, and corresponding parts in each Figure are marked with the
same letters of reference, that is to say :-
The Invention relates to certain Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus
for Raising, Lowering, and Moving Weights and other Heavy Bodies, and
consists of an arrangement of a rack and lever by which the whole weight and
pressure of the heavy body to be raised, lowered, or moved is entirely removed
from the lever, thereby entirely relieving the operator; but in order that the
Invention may be better understood and more readily carried into effect, I
will at once proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed.
Figure 1, in Sheet A, represents a side elevation of my apparatus, which may
be made of wrought or cast iron or other metal. Figure 2 a vertical section,
and Figure 3 a view of the same with the lever in front. a, a, is a hollow
pillar, which may be solidly fixed to a foot b, or it may be made to fit and
slide in a socket c, as seen at Figures 2 and 3, which socket c may also be
furnished with a foot or boss d. e is a toothed rack, the lower end of which
fits and slides up and down in the hollow pillar a, a, and the other end is
furnished with a double jaw f, which is to be placed against the bodies to be
either raised, lowered, or moved. g is a screw or screw bolt, screwed or other-
wise secured in the lower end of the toothed rack 6, and penetrating outside the
hollow pillar a, a, through the vertical slot, the use of which being to prevent
the toothed rack e from being pulled away or falling out from the hollow
pillar a, a. i, i, are two moveable links loosely fixed to the hollow pillar a, a,
and moving on the bolts j, j. k is a lever, the fulcrum end of which is fur-
nished with two, three, four, or more teeth 1, l, which are made to fit and
correspond with the teeth of the toothed rack e, e. This lever is secured
loosely to the double links i, i, by the double bolt m, m, which acts as a fulcrum.
n is a stay or bar to keep the links i, i, together. It is evident, that if the links
move loosely on the bolts j, j, that the weight of the lever k, which is secured

page_text: at the lower end of the links, will always keep the teeth I, 1, in the teeth of
the toothed rack e at Figure 1. It will be seen that the upper part of the
hollow pillar a, a, is furnished with cheeks or plates o, o. By referring to
Figure 2, an arrangement will be seen by which the toother rack e, whatever
weight may be resting on it at any time, will be prevented from falling down
or slipping in the hollow pillar a, a; and in order that it may be better under-
stood, I will describe the arrangement of that particular portion of the
Invention. p is a pall or rachet moving on the bolt q, which passes through
the two cheeks o, o. This pall or rachet p is furnished at the top with a
thumb-piece r, the use of which I will hereafter explain. s is an expanding
spring bent the shape of the letter A, and which is secured to the pȧll or
rachet p by screws or otherwise, having its clastic side pressing against the
rod t. It is evident, that this springs will always press the top part of the pall
or rachet p into the particular tooth of the toothed rack e which may happen
to be opposite, as will be seen more clearly by the dotted lines in Figure 1.
z is a spring to which is secured a short bolt or support v, penetrating the
socket and the hollow pillar a, a, to prevent them from separating when
moved; or the pillar a, a, may be furnished with a number of holes w, w,
Figure 2, to receive the bolt or support v, should it be required at any time to
make the apparatus higher.
Now I have described the different parts of the apparatus and their
arrangement, I will proceed to explain the manner of using the same.
For instance, if the apparatus is applied under a carriage or other heavy body,
with the toothed rack e pressed right down in the hollow pillar a, a, by with-
drawing altogether the lever k from the toothed rack e, and lifting the end k¹
of the lever k in the position seen by the dotted lines, Figure 2, and then,
whilst in that position, of bringing the teeth 1, 1, of the lever k in the teeth of the
toothed rack e, and pressing downwards, that the toothed rack e will be raised
and will continue to be raised so long as one of the teeth 1, 1, of the lever k will
hold in the toothed rack e; the racket or pall p will catch every tooth of the
rack e as they pass, so that it will be impossible for the rack c, and the weight
or pressure that may be put thereon, to slip back or fall; when the lever k has
been brought down to its fullest extent, it is again withdrawn altogether from
the toothed rack e, and the end ¹ lifted up, then by again pressing the
teeth 1, 1, into the teeth of the rack e, and. bringing the lever k downwards, the
rack e will be again lifted up, and the same operation may be continued until
the rack, with its weight, be raised to the required height. If it is to be used
as an apparatus for lowering weights and other heavy bodies, care must be
taken that the whole of the weight or pressure should be on the lever before

page_text: the thumb-piece of the rachet or pall p is withdrawn out of the tooth of the
toothed rack e; then the racket or pall p being removed, the lever k can be
raised to its fullest extent, taking care always to press it in the teeth of the
rack e, by which action the rack e, with its weight, will be lowered; but when
the lever is about to be removed from the teeth of the rack e, it should
always be ascertained that the rachet or pall p is securely caught in one of the
teeth of the rack e, whereby all danger of falling or causing the lever to tip up
is obviated. For moving heavy bodies from one place to another, or com-
pressing bodies or goods together in stores, warehouses, or ship holds, tho
apparatus can be placed horizontal instead of vertical, or it may be used in any
position, it being only necessary to bring the double jaws f of the rack e
against the object to be moved or compressed, and the foot or boss 6 against
the wall or other suitable buttress or resting place, which must entirely depend
on locality and circumstances.
Figure 1, Sheet B, shews an arrangement for giving additional lever
power, should it at any time be found desirable, or for shortening the lever
to make it more convenient for confined places. is a lever in two parts,
and which are made to fit and correspond with each other. ³,, are two
links or straps, which keep them together securely.
Figure 2, Sheet B, represents an arrangement of a detached lever, so that
the apparatus may be made more portable. The toothed piece 7, 7, instead of
being formed of a portion of the lever, as at k and 1, 1, Figures 1, 2, and 3,
Sheet A, is formed separate, as seen at Figure 3, Sheet B, and is fixed on
a strong axis m, m, the ends of which pass through the links i, i, and
are made square to fit in a corresponding hole made in the head of the
lever k.
Having now described the nature of this Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that although I
have described the best manner known to me for carrying out this. Invention,
I do not confine myself to the precise details herein given, so long as the same
principle and character of this Invention is retained; but what is claimed is,
constructing apparatus for raising, lowering, or moving weights and other
heavy bodies, whereby at any time I am enabled entirely to remove the weight
or pressure from the lever, as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Fulljames, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty.
THOMAS (L.s.) FULLJAMES.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-sixth day of December,
in the year of our Lord 1850, the aforesaid Thomas Fulljames came before
our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to
the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-sixth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty.