IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING:
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Zaccheus Nuttall, of Stockport, in the County of
Chester, Weaver, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING:"
Sealed the 27th March 1860, and dated the 12th October 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Zaccheus Nuttall at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
October 1859.
I, ZACCHEUS NUTTALL, of Stockport, in the County of Chester, Weaver,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING, "Ito be as follows:-
The nature of my Invention consists in an improved combination of
machinery for raising and lowering the healds to form the shed. In per-
forming my Invention, I make use of top jacks with double shot bolts; these
top jacks are or may be connected with plain bottom jacks, and the healds
are connected to the jacks in the usual manner. The double shot bolts are
moved laterally by a chain of lags with pins or other suitable mechanism, and
at each end of the top jacks is a swing frame or lever by which the jacks are
depressed; these swing frames or levers are connected by toothed segments.
When the shot bolts that are selected by the pins on the lags are moved
towards the centre of the loom one of the swing frames or levers presses

page_text: down those jacks that are required to form the lower part of the shed, and the
other swing frame or lever clears the other end of the shot bolts, whereas
those shot bolts that are connected to the jacks for the upper part of the
shed, and which are not selected by the pins on the lags, remain in position
for being depressed by the other swing frame or lever. It is apparent that
the foregoing machinery may be considerably modified without departing from
the peculiar character of the Invention.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Zaccheus Nuttall in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th
April 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE -PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ZACCHEUS
NUTTALL, of Stockport, in the County of Chester, Weaver, send greeting.
... WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing late the Twelfth day of October, in the year of our. Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Zaccheus Nuttall; Her special license that I, the said Zaccheus
Nuttall, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Zaccheus Nuttall, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon the 'condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Zaccheus Nuttall, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should parti-
'cularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
-manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent...
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Zaccheus Nuttall, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
(that is to say):
The nature of my Invention consists in an improved combination of
machinery for raising and lowering the healds to form the shed. In per-

page_text: forming my Invention, I make use of top jacks with double shot bolts, that
is to say, with a shot bolt at each end; these top jacks are or may be con-
nected with plain bottom jacks, and the healds are connected to the jacks in
the usual manner. The double shot bolts are moved laterally by a chain of
lags with pins or other suitable mechanism, and at each end of the top jacks
is a swing frame or lever by which the jacks are depressed; these swing
frames or levers are connected by toothed segments.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into operation, I will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings, reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Fig. I is an elevation, in section, and Fig. 2 is a plan of my improved
machinery; a, a, are two frames bolted to the upper part of the framing of
the loom; the bolt 6 connects the two frames a, a, and supports the top
jacks ; the top jacks c are connected to bottom jacks, and the healds are
connected to the jacks in the usual manner. At each end of the jacks c are
loops for the shot bolts d, d, to slide in; these shot bolts are connected by
the wires e, e', and centre piece f. The pattern chain g is constructed with
pegs or pins in the usual manner, and passes over the drum h, which is sup-
ported in bearings attached to the frames a, a; the pattern chain 9 passes
over the guide roller i, which may be supported by the rack' bars j, or in any
other convenient manner, according to the length of the chain required:
The pins on the chain g act on the spring. wires o, o, which are attached above
to the cross piece a², and after passing through the guide plate a³; enter into
the centre pieces f; the frames a, a, are also connected by the stays k, k', the
projecting ends of which serve as fulcra for the toothed segment levers 1, 1.
To the outer ends of the levers 7, U, are fixed the slot pieces m, m',,,between
which the knives or grifes n, n'; are supported; these knives are. also guided
in the segmental slots a¹, a¹, in the frames a, a. Each pair of levers l, l', and
the knives n, n', form a swing frame. The levers 1, 1, are connected by the
pieces p, p to which the buffers q, q, are attached. To one of the-levers */¹
is jointed the catch r, by which the drum.h is turned partly round after each
shed has been made; the drum being held in position by the spring levers and
notched wheel g', seen best in Fig. 2. The mode of operation is as follows:-
The dotted lines in Fig. 1 represent the jacks c horizontal or in the position
they assume when the shed is closed, the shot bolts d, d¹, being brought
towards the right hand end of the machine by the spring wires o during the
closing of the shed. As soon as the drum h has been moved so as to bring
forward another link of the chain g, the pins on the link thus brought forward,
which are placed according to the pattern required, acting on the wires o, push
.

page_text: the shot bolts of the jacks that are selected in the direction of the arrow in
Fig. 1, thereby bringing the shot bolts d under the knife n, while the shot
bolts d' of the jacks that are not selected remain under the knife n¹, conse-
quently when the levers 7, 1, are drawn down by a crank on the crank or
other shaft of the loom.in the usual manner, the knife n depresses the jacks
that are required to form the lower part of the shed, and the knife n' depresses
the others.
'I wish to remark, here, that instead of employing a chain of lags with pins
for selecting the shot bolts, any other suitable mechanism may be employed
for the purpose; it will also be apparent that the number of jacks employed
may be considerably increased, or a less number may be used according to the
peculiar class of fabrics to be woven.
In Fig. 2 I. have shewn a shedding apparatus for thirteen jacks, but only
the two outer jacks are drawn complete, the intermediate ones being indicated
by the centre lines only. This improved apparatus for shedding may be
placed at the top of the loom as described, or below, or to one side, if
preferred:..
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner
of performing the same, I wish it to be understood that the arrangement
may be considerably modified without departing from the peculiar character of
the Invention; and I declare that I claim the application of shot bolts to jacks
or levers in combination with suitable machinery for moving them into position
for being depressed by the swing frames, as shewn and described, or any
modification of the same.
In witness whereof, I, the said Zaccheus Nuttall, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
ZACCHEUS NUTTALL. (L.S.)