Year: 1898

page_text: I, LAMBERT FISSON, of 14, Rue Maublanc, Paris, in the Republic of France,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved vertical motor with two cylinders, in
which the motive power is derived from the gaseous mixture from evaporated
petroleum or the like, and is characterized by the combination and arrangement
of its parts and by its manner of operation, giving a driving stroke at each
revolution of the crank shaft, and also by the automatic lubrication of the cylin-
ders and pistons.
The motor comprises essentially a cast-iron framing which carries at its under
part three bearings in which the driving shaft, provided with two cranks, turns.
On the upper part of this framing the two vertical cylinders are secured. These
cylinders are surrounded by a jacket or jackets for the circulation of the water
for the purpose of cooling. The water driven back through a valve enters into
the jacket from below and through two openings and leaves at the upper part
through a pipe, which guides this water into a tank where the valve draws it up.
This method of cooling is very efficient, as the water circulates freely round
the cylinders, and does not become heated sensibly.
In the cylinders there are arranged two hollow pistons each being traversed
|by a horizontal axle or rod, on which there is articulated the corresponding
piston rod. These rods which embrace with their other ends the angles or cranks
of the crank shaft are parallel in all their positions in consequence of the dis-
position of the two cranks or angles of the shaft, which are in the same plane,
and on the same side of the shaft.
The cylinders have at their under part an inner projection formed to constitute
a circular groove, forming a bath in which the oil distributed by the lubricators
lies. The pistons are provided near their under border and on their exterior
periphery with a groove which dips into the oil bath when the pistons arrive
at the end of the downward course. At each stroke these grooves are filled with
oil, and lubricate regularly the surface of the cylinders whilst the pistons rise.
By this means an absolutely regular and automatic lubricating, which is obtained
in none of the known vertical motors, is effected. The explosion chambers and
the valve boxes are arranged at the upper part of the cylinders and on the same
side.
The arrival of the detonating mixture is effected in upper chambers, pass from
thence to the combustion chambers, and the burned gases escape from there
downwards..
The valves allowing the admission of the detonating mixture to the combustion
chambers are only submitted to the action of spiral springs, which tend constantly
to press them on their seats; these valves open from the top downwards. When

page_text: the explosion is produced in the one of the chambers, the corresponding admission
valve remains closed, but as at this moment the pistons descend into their
cylinders, the second valve opens under the effect of the suction of the piston on
this side and the introduction of the mixture takes place. As soon as the pistons
rise again, this valve closes again and the compression of the mixture begins.
The escape valves open at the contrary from below upwards. Spiral springs
provided on rods of these valves are seated at one end on the framing and at
the other end on screw nuts or collars attached at the extremity of these rods;
they try thus constantly to press these valves on to their seats. The screw nuts
which end the rods of these valves repose on slides which can freely be displaced
in the vertical direction and which are guided in sockets fixed on the framing.
These slides each end at the under part in a head in the form of a fork or hood
in which there are mounted rollers which repose constantly on cams keyed at
right angles on a shaft arranged parallel to the crank or driving shaft.
The movement of the crank shaft is transferred to this shaft by toothed wheels
in such a manner that this shaft makes one revolution to every two revolutions
of the crank shaft, it results therefrom that during all the revolutions of the
crank shaft the shaft will present only one of its cams under the corresponding
slide and opening the corresponding escape valve.
This valve will open when the pistons commence their upward stroke in order
that the gas which is in the one of the cylinders and which is burned, can be
expelled.
The ignition is preferably electrical. In this case a special variable commu-
tator will allow the sparks to be produced exactly at the desired moment. For
this purpose, a disk of insulating material and carrying two contacts will be
mounted on a fixed intermediary axle on which a toothed wheel turns loosely.
This wheel causes a small brush which bears on the disk each time, when the
brush passes on the contacts, the circuit will be closed and the spark formed.
A spark is formed during each revolution of the crank shaft. In order to change
the moment when the spark is to be produced; it will be sufficient to turn the
disk for a certain distance on the shaft in order to change the relative initial
disposition of the slides with regard to the brushes.
I can replace the electric lighting by incandescent tubes and then use a burner
of any known system.
The motor is started by means of a movable crank the nave of which is toothed
in the manner of a coupling sleeve. One places this crank on the end of the
driving shaft on the opposite side of the fly wheel; the teeth of the nave engage
with the corresponding teeth cut in a disk of the driving shaft, and when the
crank is turned, the movement is communicated to the shaft and to the fly wheel,
and the motor is put into motion. One has only to remove the crank.
This motor is particularly applicable to motor cars and floating vessels, but
may also be used for any other purpose.
Dated this 21st day of April 1898

page_text: the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement;-
This invention relates to an improved vertical motor with two cylinders, in
which the motive power is derived from the gaseous mixture from evaporated
petroleum or the like, and is characterized by the combination and arrangement
of its parts and by its manner of operation, giving a driving stroke at each
revolution of the crank shaft, and also by the automatic lubrication of the cylin-
ders and pistons.
In this motor the two pistons move simultaneously and in unison in their
cylinders. In each downward stroke one of the pistons is operating the motor
whilst the other draws the exploding mixture into its cylinder and in each
upward stroke the piston which has just operated the motor forces the burnt gas
out of its cylinder whilst the other compresses the mixture which it has drawn in.
In the annexed drawing;-Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the motor. Fig. 2
is a plan view. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line 1-2 of Fig. 4. Fig. 4
is a side elevation. Fig. 5 is a section of the valve boxes on the line 3-4 of
Fig. 4.
The motor comprises essentially a cast iron framing A which carries at its
under part three bearings abc Fig. 3 in which the driving shaft o provided
with two cranks, turns. On the upper part of this framing the two vertical
cylinders B C are secured. These cylinders are surrounded by a jacket. or
jackets for the circulation of the water for the purpose of cooling. The water
driven back through a valve enters into the jacket from below through two inlets
and leaves at the upper part through a pipe connected to the outlet e Fig. 2 which
guides this water into a tank whence a pump or the like draws it up.
This method of cooling is very efficient, as the water circulates freely round
the cylinders, and does not become heated sensibly.
In the cylinders B and C there are arranged two hollow pistons M and N each
being traversed by a horizontal axle or rod respectively mor n on which there
is articulated the corresponding piston rod for g. These rods which embrace
with their other ends the angles or cranks o¹ o of the crank shaft are parallel
in all their positions in consequence of the disposition of the two cranks or angles
of the shaft, which are in the same plane and on the same side of the shaft.
The cylinders have each at their under part an inner projection h and h¹
respectively formed to constitute a circular groove forming a bath or receptacle
in which the oil distributed by the lubricators G Fig. 4 collects. The pistons
are each provided near their under border and on their exterior periphery with
a preferably semicircular sectioned groove i and respectively which dips into
the oil bath when the pistons arrive at the end of the downward stroke. At
each stroke these grooves are filled with oil, and lubricate regularly the surface
of the cylinders whilst the pistons rise. By this means an absolutely regular
and automatic lubricating, which is obtained in none of the known vertical motors,
is effected. The explosion chambers and the valve boxes D and 11 Fig. 1 are
arranged at the upper part of the cylinders and on the same side of the motor.
The arrival of the detonating mixture is effected in upper chambers of these
valve boxes and passes from thence to the combustion chambers, and the burned
gases escape from there through the outlets and . The openings 2 and 72
serve for the introduction of the lighters.
The valves s and Fig. 5 allowing the admission of the detonating mixture
to the combustion chambers are submitted to the action of spiral springs r and ¹
which tend constantly to press them on their seats; these valves open down-
wards. When the explosion is produced in the one of the chambers, the corre-
sponding admission valve remains closed, but as at this moment the pistons
descend in their cylinders, the second admission valve opens under the effect of
the suction of the piston on this side, and the introduction of the mixture takes
place. As soon as the pistons rise again, this valve closes again and the com-
pression of the mixture begins.

page_text: valves on to their seats.
The escape valves and open on the contrary from below upwards. Spiral
springs u and u provided on rods of these valves are seated at one end on the
traming and at the other end on screw nuts or collars attached respectively
at the extremity of these rods; these springs thus tend to constantly press these
The screw nuts and which end the rous of these
valves are supported on slides and a which can freely be displaced in the
vertical direction and which are guided in sockets y and y fixed on the framing.
These slides and at each end at the under part in a head in the form of a fork
or hood in which there are mounted rollers which bear constantly on cams 1ª
and 2 keyed at right angles to the horizontal plane of a shaft 3" arranged
parallel to the crank or driving shaft, the said cams standing thus on the shaft
at 180° with relation to one another.
The movement of the crank shaft is transferred to this shaft 3" by toothed
wheels 4", 5 and 6 in such a manner that this shaft makes one revolution to every
two revolutions of the crank shaft o, it results therefrom that during the revolu-
tions of the crank shaft the shaft 3 will present only one of its cams under
the corresponding slide opening thereby the corresponding escape valve.
This valve will open when the pistons commence their upward stroke in order
that the gas which is in the one of the cylinders and which is burned can be
expelled.
For this
The ignition is preferably electrical. In this case a special variable commu-
tator causes the sparks to be produced exactly at the desired moment.
purpose a disk of insulating material and carrying two contacts is mounted on
a fixed intermediary axle 7 on which a toothed wheel 5 turns loosely. This
wheel carries a small brush which bears on the disk each time; when the brush
passes on the contacts, the circuit will be closed and the spark formed. The
toothed wheels 4" and 5 being in the proportion of 1 to 2 two sparks will be
produced for each revolution of the toothed wheel 5 that is to say a spark is
formed during each revolution of the crank shaft o. In order to change or
regulate the moment when the spark is to be produced, it will be sufficient to turn
the disk for a certain distance on the shaft 7 in order to change the relative
position of the slides with regard to the brushes.
I can replace the above described electrical explosion by incandescent igniters
or use a burner of any known system.
The motor is started by means of a removable crank the nave of which is
toothed similar to a coupling sleeve. This crank is placed on the end of the
driving shaft on the end opposite the fly wheel; the teeth of the nave engage
with the corresponding teeth 9 cut in a disk of the driving shaft, and when the
crank is turned, the movement is communicated to the shaft and to the fly wheel
and the motor is put into motion.
This motor is particularly applicable to motor cars and floating vessels, but
may also be used for any other purpose.
When the motor is applied to motor cars it can be supported and secured by
means of the angle irons 10 upon Tirons or the like carried by the car frame.
In floating vessels it can be arranged in the same manner and the screw pro-
peller can be mounted directly upon its motor shaft.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is -
1. An improved vertical petroleum or similar motor giving one motive revolu
tion for each revolution of the shaft and in which the oiling of the cylinders is
automatic said improved motor having two vertical cylinders surrounded by
a jacket wherein water circulates, the two pistons of these cylinders moving simul
taneously and in unison and being provided on their outer periphery towards
their lower ends with semi-circular sectioned grooves which at the end of each

page_text: downward stroke dip into and are filled with oil collected in baths or channels
arranged on the interior faces, of the cylinders thereby securing the automatic
oiling of these cylinders and in which motor are two admission valves which open
automatically by the action of the pistons and two outlet valves lifted alter-
nately from their seats by the action of cams keyed at 180 degrees with regard
to one another upon a horizontal shaft arranged parallel to the motor shaft, and
operated by the same, the said motor being also provided with mechanism for
operating the explosion and by which it is possible to vary the moment of explo-
sion as desired substantially as described and illustrated."
2. In a vertical petroleum or similar motor the combination of a cylinder the
lower end of which is provided on its inner circumference with an annular or bath
groove with a piston hollowed at its lower part and having a groove of semi-
circular cross section arranged on its periphery towards its lower edge so that oil
being introduced into the groove or bath aforesaid of the cylinder, the piston
in its movement automatically effects the oiling of the cylinder on its whole
length substantially as described and represented in the annexed drawing.
3. In an improved motor as in Claim 1 an electrical igniting device consisting
of a variable commutator consisting of an insulating disk with two contacts and
mounted on a fixed shaft and a contact brush bearing on the disk and put into
rotary movement by a wheel driven by the motor shaft; and in which by turning
the said disk more or less on its support the moment when the spark is formed
can be regulated substantially as described.
ד
.
01 L
"
1000
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to Applicant,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London.