IMPROVEMENTS IN CLOD CRUSHERS."
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Harrison and Benjamin Harrison, of Otley,
in the County of York, Farmers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CLOD CRUSHERS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Harrison and
Benjamin Harrison at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 26th August 1862.
We, JOSEPH HARRISON and BENJAMIN HARRISON, of Otley, in the County
of York, Farmers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM
PROVEMENTS IN CLOD CRUSHERS," to be as follows :→
This Invention consists of two, three, four, or more drums, wheels, or discs,
fixed at intervals on a shaft, and a series of bars or lags with spikes cast or
fixed on one side thereof, and which bars are fixed at small distances apart, or
leaving spaces betwixt them across the edges of the drums with the spikes
outward, thereby constituting a spiked skeleton roller or clod crusher. The
bars are formed to fit into dovetail notches in the drums or discs, and arranged
so that the spikes on one bar shall be intermediate to those on the adjoining
bars in the line or direction of rotation.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Harrison and Benjamin Harrison in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 26th February 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOSEPH
HARRISON and BENJAMIN HARRISON, of Otley, in the County of York, Farmers,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Joseph Harrison and Benjamin Harrison, Her special licence, that we, the
said Joseph Harrison and Benjamin Harrison, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said Joseph Harrison and Benjamin
Harrison, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEments In Clod Crushers,”
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Joseph Harrison and
Benjamin Harrison, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Joseph Harrison and Benjamin
Harrison, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement (that is to say) :-
=
This Invention consists of two, three, four, or more drums, wheels, or discs,
placed at intervals on a shaft, and a series of bars or lags with spikes cast or
fixed on one side thereof, and which bars are fixed at small distances apart,
or leaving spaces betwixt them across the edges of the drums with the spikes
outward, thereby constituting a spiked skeleton roller or clod crusher.
The bars are formed to fit into dovetail notches in the drums or discs, and
arranged so that the spikes on one bar shall be intermediate to those on the
adjoining bars in the line or direction of rotation.

page_text: In order that this Invention may be more clearly understood, we have given
reference to an accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which Fig. 1 is an end
view, and Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the spiked roller or improved clod
crusher.
The parts marked with the letter A are four cast-iron drums or wheels
mounted on a wrought-iron shaft B. The rims of the drums have dovetailed
notches or recesses formed so that the lags or bars C fit and are retained
therein by the aid of a small bolt or pin a, passed through the lag and rim at
each jointing. D are the spikes, which in this illustration are cast with the
bars, but may be cast seperate and fixed to wrought-iron bars, by having bolts
or pins cast therein, or they may be cast on to the wrought-iron bars by having
suitable holes first made in the bars, and the bars placed in the mould when
casting the spikes, or both spikes and bars may be of wrought iron and riveted
or screwed together. The spikes are so placed on the bars or the bars so
arranged when fixed on the drums that the spikes are intermediate to each
other, as shewn at Fig. 3. One of the spikes with part of a bar is shewn full
size at Figs. 4, 5, and 6. Figs. 7 and 8 are side and end views of a picker
or spiked bar, to be applied to the clod crusher for picking out or removing
from betwixt the spikes any clods, stones, weed, or other substance which may
stick therein during the working or using of the same. It must now be under-
stood that this roller or clod crusher is to be mounted or provided with suitable
framing for moving it, such as is in ordinary use with rollers or clod crushers,
but which forms no part of this Invention, and being well known, we have not
thought it necessary to describe or shew by Drawings.
It will be seen that the roller here shewn is in two parts in length, thus
forming two rollers on one shaft, both of which run loose, so as to give ease in
turning at the "headlands," or where required, and it will be evident they may
be made in three or more parts if desirable, or in one length only, and either
loose on or fixed to the shaft. For the moving of this roller on roads from
field to field, and where the spikes are not required to operate on the ground,
we have a pair of plain portable wheels of larger diameter than the spiked
roller, which we apply or place one on each end of the shaft, by which
the roller is supported, and points of the spikes are kept clear of the
ground.
Having thus fully described the nature of our said Invention, and shewn the
manner in which the same is or may be performed or carried into practical
effect, we would have it understood that we do not confine ourselves to the
precise details herein set forth; but what we claim is, the construction and

page_text: use of spiked rollers or clod crushers, substantially as herein described and
illustrated by the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Harrison, for and on behalf of
myself and the said Benjamin Harrison, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of February, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-three.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Joseph Harrison,
in the presence of
WM. TASKER,
Patent Agent,
Halifax.
JOSEPH HARRISON. (L.8.)