Year: 1897

page_text: (A Communication to me from CARL SCHAAFF, of Zell-on-Harmersbach, Baden, in the
Empire of Germany, Manufacturer.)
I, EDMUND EDWARDS, of the Firm of Edwards & Co., Patent Agents and Engineers,
of 65 and 66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object an improved muffle furnace, consisting of two
parallel longitudinal chambers arranged near each other, and connected together at
the back and front by lateral openings, so that the trays or pans with the goods to
be burnt can be readily transferred from one chamber to the other.
The trays or pans are introduced through a lateral opening, which can be closed when
required by a door, and are pushed forward thence through the adjoining chamber,
then through the parallel one, and having been gradually heated in these are then
again pushed on into a third highly heated chamber, from which they are brought
back through passages at the end of the furnace to the part where they first entered,
and are withdrawn through the door by which they were introduced.
The fireplace and fire are situated under the third or highly heated chamber above
described, and the flame and heated gases rise through a flue at the back of this
third chamber, pass over its top and down its outer side, and thence into a flue round
the second adjoining chamber, whence they pass down into a descending flue com-
municating with a chimney, and having in it an adjustable regulating damper. By
this means the third chamber is very highly heated, the inner end of the second
chamber being less highly, and its outer end still less highly again heated, whilst
the parallel chamber to the latter can be warmed by opening an adjustable damper in
The parts at the
a lateral passage between it and the chamber last inentioned.
other end of the apparatus, that is to say the chamber into which the trays or pans
are first introduced, and the part communicating with it adjoining the end of the
third hot chamber, are not heated at all but serve as cooling chambers, though they
can be warmed at first, by opening a slide or shutter which forms the end of the third
or hot chamber, sufficiently to prevent a too sudden cooling. Afterwards these parts
are kept always sufficiently hot by the heat radiating from the highly heated articles
whilst they are cooling, so that the cracking of the articles by too sudden cooling is
prevented, and to warm sufficiently the fresh supply of goods introduced through the
door. For the complete cooling the sliding shutter into the first chamber is closed
and the door into the apparatus opened; and in addition, if necessary, the cooling
can be facilitated by openings through the walls of the furnace.
The front ends of the two parallel chambers are closed by doors, in which are
small openings, which can also be closed when required, through which can be
introduced tools, such as hooks or tongs, for moving the pans along from chamber to
chamber, for which purpose the cooling openings already described in the walls of
the annaratus can also be used.

page_text: Instead of having doors, the front openings to the parallel chambers can be
built up.
The construction of the muffle furnace described, has the advantage that each pan
or tray can be moved on separately, except in the second chambers in which two
stand one behind the other, and must therefore be pushed forward together. By
means of the sliding doors, which are opened and closed, as required, the tempera-
ture of the different parts of the apparatus can be regulated as desired.
An entire length of about 2-80 mètres, with a width of 1.80 mètre is sufficient for
all purposes, but the apparatus can of course be made of any desired size. As
the outer openings are generally closed, very little heat is lost.
(A Communication to me from CARI. SCHAAFF, of Zell-on-Harmersbach, Baden, in
the Empire of Germany, Manufacturer.)
I, EDMUND EDWARDS, of the Firm of Edwards and Co., Patent Agents and
Engineers, of 65 and 66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement, and
accompanying drawing, that is to say:―
This invention has for its object an improved muffle furnace, consisting of two
parallel muffles or chambers, arranged near each other, and connected together at the
back and front by lateral openings, so that the trays with the pottery ware to be:
burned can be readily transferred from one chamber to the other.
In the accompanying drawing, which is in illustration of the invention, Figure 1
shows the improved muffle furnace or oven in perspective view, Figure 2 in horizontal
section, Figure 3 in transverse section, and Figure 4 in longitudinal section.
The trays, filled with the goods to be burned, are introduced at a through a lateral
opening, which can be closed by a door when required, and they are then pushed
forward to b, c, and d, so that they are heated by degrees, being finally completely
burned at e. From e they are brought to f and g, where they cool by degrees, and
are finally withdrawn at a.
The fire-place and fire are situated under the central part e, and the flame and
heated gases rise through a flue at the back of the muffle or chamber e, pass over
its top and down its outer side towards the part d (Figures and 4), which they
surround in front, above, and at the back, whence they pass, under the bottom of the
parts d and c, into the outlet flue h, and thence to the chimney. In order to
regulate the draught the outlet flue h is provided with a damper i (Figures 1 and 4).
In this way, the part e is heated very highly, the part d somewhat less, and that c
still less, (only from below), whilst the part b only receives the heat which can be
admitted from c by opening the damper k. The parts f and are not heated at all,
but serve as cooling chambers, but they can be warmed at first by opening the
damper or slide m as much as is necessary to prevent a too sudden cooling.
Afterwards these compartments constantly retain (by reason of the heat which
radiates from the incandescent articles which are placed in them to cool) sufficient
heat to prevent the said articles from breaking by being too suddenly cooled, and to

page_text: transmit sufficient heat to the part b to heat the articles or earthenware introduced
into the furnace.
The openings at both ends of the two muffles are closed by doors, in which are
provided small openings o, which can be closed when desired, and through which
can be introduced hooks or tongs, or other tools, for moving the trays to the positions
required, which can also be done by means of the openings p formed at 7 and b,
which openings can also be closed when desired. Instead of using doors, the
openings at the two ends of the muffles may be built up, with the exception
of the openings o.
The construction of the novel muffle furnace described has the advantage that
each tray or pan can be moved separately, except in the parts c and d, in which two
trays stand one behind the other, so that they must be moved or pushed forward
together. The dampers or slides k, l, m, which are either opened or closed as
required, allow the temperature in the different parts of the muffles to be regulated
as desired, and consequently, it is not necessary that the apparatus should be of any
very great size.
A total length of about 2 metres. 80 centimetres, by a breadth
of 1 metre. 80 centimetres should generally be sufficient for all purposes, but
evidently the entire construction may be of any desired dimensions. As the side
holes are nearly always closed, there is scarcely any loss of heat.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
The improved muffle furnace, consisting of two adjoining parallel muffle chambers
or passages (g, b, and d, e), connected together at their front and back ends (c and f),
so that the trays carrying the goods to be burned can be pushed or pulled directly
from one chamber to the other, arranged in the proper position, and withdrawn from
the muffle furnace, as required, substantially as described and illustrated.
Dated this 5th day of January 1808
EDWARDS & Co.,
65 and 66, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.