AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION OR COATING FOR THE PRO-TECTION AND PRESERVATION OF SURFACES OF IRON, WOOD, AND OTHER. MATERIALS
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Lillie, Civil Engineer, and John Haines
White, Dentist, both of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, for
the Invention of "AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION OR COATING FOR THE PRO-
TECTION AND PRESERVATION OF SURFACES OF IRON, WOOD, AND OTHER.
MATERIALS."
Sealed the 26th January 1864, and dated the 9th September 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Lillie and John
Haines White at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 9th September 1863.
We, JOSEPH LILLIE, Civil Engineer, and JOHN HAINES WHITE, Dentist,.
both of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION OR COATING FOR THE.
PROTECTION AND PRESERVATION OF SURFACES OF IRON, WOOD, AND OTHER MATERIALS,"
to be as follows:-
Our Invention has for its object the protection and preservation of ships"
bottoms, surfaces of buildings, and other surfaces exposed to the action of sea..
or other water or of the atmosphere, and consists in the use of a composition
or coating composed either of sulphur alone, or of sulphur combined with
other materials, as herein after stated. For some purposes the coating is
composed of sulphur combined with ground or pulverised quartz or other
silicious material in the proportion of about one-third of sulphur to two-thirds

page_text: of quartz or silicious material. And for other purposes the sulphur and the
quartz or silicious material are combined in equal or nearly equal proportions.
For some purposes also the coating is composed of about one-third of sulphur,
one-third of quartz or silicious material, and one-third of arsenic or other
poisonous substance. The sulphur, whether used alone or in combination with
the materials stated above, is for some purposes used at a melting temperature,
so as to produce a composition or coating in a fluid state and for other purposes
it is heated to a higher temperature so as to produce a composition or coating
in a viscous or plastic state.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Lillie and John Haines White in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 9th March 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOSEPH
LILLIE, Civil Engineer, and JOHN HAINES WHITE, Dentist, both of Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said Joseph Lillie and John Haines White, Her special license
that we, the said Joseph Lillie and John Haines White, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Joseph Lillie
and John Haines White, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION OR COATING FOR THE PROTECTION AND PRESERVATION
OF SURFACES OF IRON, WOOD, AND OTHER MATERIALS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said Joseph Lillie and John Haines White,
'by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand
and seal of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
"Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Lillie, (on behalf of myself
and of the said John Haines White,) do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed; to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
(that is to say)-
. Our Invention of "An Improved Composition or,Coating for the Protection
and Preservation of Surfaces of Iron, Wood, and other Materials," has for its
object the protection and preservation of ships' bottoms, surfaces of buildings,
and other surfaces exposed to the action of sea or other water, or of the atmos-
phere, and consists in the use of a composition or coating composed either of
sulphur alone, or of sulphur combined with other materials as herein-after
stated. For some purposes the coating is composed of sulphur combined with
ground or pulverized quartz or other silicious, material, in the proportion of
about one-third of sulphur to two-thirds of quartz or silicious material. And
for other purposes, the sulphur and the quartz or silicious material are com-
bined in equal or about equal proportions. For some purposes also the
coating is composed of about one-third of sulphur, one-third of quartz or
silicious material, and one-third of arsenic or other poisonous substance. The
sulphur, whether used alone or in combination with the materials stated above
is for some purposes used at a melting temperature, so as to produce a con-
position or coating in a fluid state, and for other purposes it is heated to a
higher temperature so as to produce a composition or coating in a viscous or
plastic state. For ships' bottoms and for other uses, when required in order
to counteract undue contraction in the composition or coating, and to increase
the strength and adhesive quality of the same, we sometimes introduce a coarse
woven fabric composed of cotton, flax, wool, grass, or other suitable fibre or
material or a metallic woven fabric. The said fabric is dipped into the
composition in a heated state so as to impregnate it with the material and
cause it to adhere to the surface intended to be coated, the composition being
afterwards applied as a coating for the fabric, the interstices of which are
thereby filled up, and an even and smooth external surface obtained. For
protecting and preserving stone, brick, and ironwork, and other external
surfaces from atmospheric influences, we cover such surfaces with a coating of
sulphur alone, or combined with fine dry ground quartz, or sea sand, or other
suitable fine grit, such coating being always applied in a heated or melted state,
the temperature of which will vary according to circumstances. For the
purposes of ornament, and for assimilating the colour of the coating with stone
or other material, any required colouring matter may be employed in the
composition.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we hereby declare that what we claim as
. of our Invention is, the use of a composition or coating composed either of
sulphur alone, or of sulphur combined with the materials stated above, in the
manner and for the purposes herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Lillie, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Eighth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
Witness,
WALTER W. CLARE,
Clerk to G. B. Coulcher,
Law Stationer,
50, Chancery Lane.
JOSEPH LILLIE. (L.S.)