IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Allen Senior, of Dumfries, in the County of Dumfries,
Manager for Messrs. Robert and Walter Scott, Manufacturers, for the
LAND HAD WRADING
Sealed the 9th August 1861, and dated the 15th February 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Allen Senior at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
February 1861.
I, ALLEN SENIOR, of Dumfries, in the County of Dumfries, Manager for
Messrs. Robert and Walter Scott, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to
be as follows:-
My Invention relates to those looms which are provided with rising or drop
boxes for weaving with two or more shuttles, and consists, firstly, in an
arrangement whereby the said shuttles are caused to rise and fall. For this
purpose I use rods which are caused to slide by connexion with the jacquard
or equivalent apparatus, such rods being provided with inclined parts which
cause a plate to slide within guides through different distances, by which
means a cam with two or more elevations is traversed so as to shift the shuttle
box according to the weft desired to be thrown. Secondly, I employ the
above described arrangement for shifting the picking motion for looms as
aforesaid. Thirdly, I arrange the levers for governing the picking motion so

page_text: that they are connected at the centre, and are caused to act by one rod from
the jacquard; and in order to permit this the centre of motion of one of them
is placed in a slot, or is otherwise capable of shifting its position.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Allen Senior in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
15th August 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALLEN
SENIOR, of Dumfries, in the County of Dumfries, Manager for Messieurs
Robert and Walter Scott, Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Allen Senior, Her special license that I, the said Allen
Senior, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Allen Senior, my' executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
usc, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
LIENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon the condition, amongst others, that I,
the said Allen Senior, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
'should particularly.describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the samo to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
:
NOW KNOW.YE, that I, the said Allen Senior, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention; and in what manner. the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say)
Fig. 1 is an end.view of so much of a loom as will be sufficient to explain
the improvements; Fig. 2 is a view of one end thereof; and Fig. 8 is a
-plan view detached, shewing.the.cams by which the shuttle boxes are charged
and the picking motion effected, together with the apparatus by. which the
said cams are shifted.
.
The tappet shaft is at a, upon which a cam 6 is mounted loosely so as to be

page_text: capable of sliding thereon, but of revolving therewith by means of a feather.
This cam has a series of prominences 2 and 3 thereon, according to the number
of shuttles to be used. In this instance there are two, which, together with
the dead run 1 or smallest diameter, correspond to three shuttle boxes. This
cam is situate above a bowl c, which is depressed thereby as the shaft revolves,
the said bowl being mounted upon a lever d capable of turning upon a fixed
centre at e. To the other end of the lever d is jointed a rod f, connected at
top to a lever g, turning upon a centre at h, and provided with a rod i, which
extends downward, and is at its lower end connected to the shuttle box k, so
that as the cam 6 revolves it is capable of raising the said shuttle box so as to
bring any one of the three shuttles to the level of the shed accordingly as the
one or the other of the prominences 2 or 3 is situate above the bowl c. Our
method of determining this is as follows:-Atl is a lever turning upon a centre
at m, and provided with a rod n, which is connected to the jacquard apparatus.
The outward end of this lever is connected by a rod o to another lever p,
turning upon a centre at 9,. and jointed to a vertical rod r. The lower end of
the rod 7 passes through a slot formed in a plate s, which is mounted so as to
be capable of sliding upon a fixing s* carried by the framework, and the said
plate is constantly drawn in one direction by a spring t, so as to bear against
the rod r. The lower end of this rod is formed with an inclined part u,
leading to widened portion u*. To the plate s is attached a fork v, which
embraces a flange formed upon the boss of the cam b. At w is a second lever
corresponding to that shewn at l, and connected in like manner to a lever a,
which is provided with a vertical rod y, similar to that shewn at r, and like it
passing through a slot formed in the plate s, and provided with an incline <;
but in this instance the said incline leads to a part which is wider than
that shewn at u*. The operation of this part of the improvement is as
follows: Supposing that the bottom shuttle at 4 is required to be thrown,
then the dead run 1 of the cam will move in contact with the bowl c, and this
will continue so long as the same weft is required; but if the shuttle at 5 be
required to come into operation, then the jacquard apparatus will operate upon
the lever 1, so as to cause it to turn upon its centre m, by which means the
lever.p will also be caused to turn, thereby lifting the rod and its incline u,
which incline passing into the slot in the plate & will cause that plate to slide,
carrying with it the fork v, and thus shifting the cam b upon the shaft a, so as
to bring the prominence 2. over the bowl c, when the said shaft then revolving
will cause the lever d to turn upon its centre so as to raise the shuttle box,
and bring the required shuttle into operation. In like manner should it be
deemed to throw the shuttle at 6, then the jacquard apparatus will operate upon
r..

page_text: the lever w, which, after the manner described in reference to t, will raise the
incline, so as to cause it to slide the plate s, but as this incline is wider than
the other the said plate will be caused to move through a greater distance, and
will therefore by means of the fork traverse the cam 6, so as to bring the
prominence 3 over the bowl c, and as this prominence is greater than that
shewn at 2, the shuttle box will be raised as required.
In the above description reference has been made to one side of the loom
only, but similar apparatus is connected to the other side thereof, so as to
operate upon the opposite shuttle box. It may also be remarked that
although three shuttles only have been supposed, a great number may be
employed, if desired, by increasing the number of levers and rods l, p, r, the
inclined planes on the rods also increasing in width according to the space
through which the plate s is to slide.
The improvement relating to the picking motion is as follows:-Upon the
tappet shaft a, before mentioned, is a cam 7, which, as the said shaft revolves,
acts against a bowl 8 mounted upon a lever 9. This levers turns upon a
centre at 10, and carries at its other end a rod 11, which affects the picking in
the usual manner. At 12 is a lever turning upon a centre, and connected to
The outward end of this
the jacquard by a rod similar to that shewn at n.
lever is jointed to a rod 18, which at its lower end is connected to a lever 14,
turning upon a centre at 15 and connected to a vertical rod 16, which passes
through guides 17, and is provided at its lower end with an inclined plane 18
and widened part 19. During the time that the picking motion is to take
place the parts continue in the position shewn in the Drawing, but when the
said picking is to be discontinued then the jacquard comes into operation so
as to turn the lever 12 upon its centre, thereby raising the rod 16 within its
guides; this movement will cause the incline 18 to act against the lever 9,
so as to slide it upon its centre pin 10, thereby removing it from the range of
the cam 7. When the picking is again to take place the lever 12 is released
from the jacquard, and the rod 16 returning to the position shewing in the
Drawing allows the lever 9 to be drawn beneath the cam 7 by the action of a
spring. As in the case of the rising box motion, the picking motion for one
side only has been alluded to, but similar parts to those described may of
course be adapted for the other side.
In Fig. 1 the next part of my Invention is shewn. To the lever 12 of
the picking motion above referred to, is jointed another lever 20, shewn as
broken off in the Drawing, but which is continued to the other side of the loom
for the picking motion thereof, and which lever acts upon rods and levers as
above described for shifting the cam. The lever 20 turns upon a centre pin 21

page_text: carried by the framework, which pin is situate within a slot so as to admit of a
sliding motion of the lever in order to enable it to turn as required.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and the manner of carrying the same into effect, I desire it to be understood
that I claim as secured to me under the above in part recited Letters
Patent,
Firstly, the use of the rods with their inclined parts for traversing the cam
which acts upon the shuttle box.
Secondly, the employment of the rods with their inclined parts for throwing
the picking motion in and out of gear.
And, thirdly, arranging the levers for governing the picking motions so that
they are connected at the centre, and caused to act by one rod from the
jacquard.
In witness whereof, I, the said Allen Senior, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
ALLEN SENIOR. (LB.)