Improvements in and relating to Grates.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Dec., 1895-Accepted, 22nd Feb., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Grates.
I, EDWARD FALES, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at
Winthrop Heights, in the City of Boston, County of Suffolk and State of
Massachusetts, one of the United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained, in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to certain improvements in that class of grates which are
provided with a series of grate-bar sections arranged alternately in different
horizontal planes, the spaces between the upper and lower grate-bar sections
forming pockets for the fuel, such grates being technically known as "pocket
grates."
In this class of grates, it has been found that the upper edges of the sides of the
pockets, owing to the intense heat at the plane in which they lie, rapidly burn out,
rendering the grate-bar sections useless, and one object of the invention is to
obviate this objection, which I do by forming such edges of refractory material in
the manner hereinafter described. Another object of the invention is to provide a
simple and effective means for maintaining the bottom or movable section of the
grate in proper position for use, and, while in such position, for readily shaking it,
said means also allowing for the easy dumping of said movable section.
The above-mentioned objects are attained by the mechanism illustrated in the
accompanying drawings, in which―
Figure 1 represents a bottom plan view of a grate having two pockets with a
movable bottom section, showing one form of shaking and dumping mechanism;
Figure 2 a transverse vertical section through the center of the grate;
Figure 3 a longitudinal vertical section through one of the pockets;
Figure 4 a side elevation of a portion of the central grate bar section, showing
a modified form of the slabs of refractory material and the manner of providing
the upper edges with said slabs; Figure 5 a transverse section of the same;
Figure 6, a side elevation of a one-pocket grate, with side wall of grate removed
to show a modified form of shaking and dumping attachments applied thereto;
Figure 7 a front elevation of the same; Figure 8 a bottom plan view, and Figure 9
a transverse vertical section thereof.
Referring specifically to the several views of the drawings in which the same
numerals refer to the same parts on the drawings.
The numerals 1, 2 and 3 (Figures 1 and 2) indicate a series of grate-bar sections,.
three of such sections being shown in said figures, and two in Figure 8, although it
will be evident that a greater number may be employed if desired. These sections
consist each of a rectangular oblong frame having parallel imperforated sides and
nds and an open bottom.
The tops of the frames are provided with transverse bars 4, which serve to brace
he sides, and between which air is admitted to the fuel; said bars and frame being
cast integral. The inner upper edges of the side sections are formed with
ongitudinal rabbets 5, which constitute seats for strips or slabs 6 of refractory
material, preferably metal, which are held in place by pins or keys 7, or in any
ther suitable manner, and the inner sides of the frames opposite to said rabbets,
re formed with offsets 8, to permit the formation of the rabbets without requiring
n undue thickness of metal, thus reducing the weight of the sections. The strips

page_text: or slabs of refractory material, when in place, have their upper edges nusn with the
upper edges of the frames, as shown.
The central section of the grate is constructed with rabbets 9 at both upper side
edges, similar to those of the side sections, but in other respects is constructed in
the same manner as said side sections.
The numerals 10 and 11 indicate two plates which form, respectively, the front
and rear sides of the grates. The front plate is provided with doors 12 leading to
the ash-pit below the grate-bar sections. The said sections are secured at their
ends, between the front and rear plates, in such manner that their upper surfaces
will be flush with the upper edges of said plates, the sections being so placed that
spaces or pockets 13 will be formed between them, as shown in Figures 1 and 3.
The front and rear plates on the inner side, are provided with ledges 14, preferably
cast integral with said plates, which ledges extend into the pockets at the ends
thereof above the lower edges of the plates.
The numerals 15, 15, indicate two reciprocating grate-bar sections which form
the bottoms of the pockets. Each section, at one side thereof, is provided with
lugs 16, having slots 17, whereby said sections may be hinged to brackets or
staples 18 which are cast in or fastened to the lower inner edge of the respective
side sections in such manner that said reciprocating sections may have a longitudinal
movement, for the purpose of shaking, and swing thereon, in order to dump
the grates. The reciprocating sections are provided with weights 19, on their
hinged sides, which partly counterbalance the sections, in order to facilitate their
manipulation.
The lower edges of the central section, about midway between their inner ends,
are provided with bangers 20 which may be cast integral therewith, or formed
separately and bolted thereon, said hangers being provided with bearings for a
sliding bolt 21, which is of such length and so arranged that, when in normal
position, it will support the reciprocating sections at their inner edges, and when
moved to either side will release one of the sections in order to dump it, without
releasing the other, thus permitting but one section to be dumped at a time.
The numeral 22, indicates a lever which is fulcrumed in an opening, 23, in the
front plate of the grate. The inner end of the lever is bifurcated and straddles
the sliding-bolt, a pin, 24, being provided to prevent it from being drawn off said
bolt. At each side of the lever the bolt is provided with pins 25, against which
the end of the lever strikes to move said bolt laterally. The respective ends of the
reciprocating sections set under the ledges 14 on the front and rear plates, said
ledges serving to prevent pieces of coal and cinders from getting between the ends
of said reciprocating sections and thereby interfering with the free manipulation of
the sections. The forward end of each section is provided with an angle-
bracket, 26, which is preferably cast integral therewith, or may be bolted thereon,
each bracket being perforated to receive the bent end of a rod, 27, by means of
which the section is reciprocated to sift the ashes. The rod, at its outer end, is
pivoted to a lever, 28, whose lower end is forked to straddle a staple in the upper
end of a short post or standard 29, secured to the floor of the furnace room in a
suitable position in front of the respective ash-pit doors. The lever being
detachable, it may be, with its rod, removed from its connection with the staples,
when not in use, and placed aside.
In the modifications illustrated in Figures 4 and 5, the central grate-bar section
is shown formed with double side walls, the outer walls being lower than the inner
walls, so as to form rabbets or seats for the thickened portion of rabbeted material
the thin portion of said slabs or blocks being seated in the spaces between the
inner and outer walls of the section. The inner sides of the respective outside
sections may be similarly constructed and provided with the rabbeted slabs o
blocks of refractory material.
In the modification shown in Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9, the grate has but one pocket
and therefore no central section, and the front plate has but one ash-pit opening
The movable grate-bar section is attached, at one side, to a reciprocating rod 31

page_text: which is journaled in brackets 32 depending from the inner side of one of the outer
grate-bar sections. The reciprocating rod passes through a perforation made in
the front plate and is provided with a flat elongated head, 33, to which is pivoted
one end of a lever 34, fulcrumed in the bifurcated end of a stud, 35, which is
secured to the front plate. The movable grate-bar section is secured to the
reciprocating rod by means of arms 36 which are bored to receive said rods,
rivets 37, or their equivalents, being employed to secure rigid attachment between
the arm and rod.
The shaking of the grate is accomplished by moving the operating lever to and
fro, and the drawing the fulerum pin 38 and pulling the lever out of the bifurcated
end of the stud 35. The movable grate-bar section being rigidly attached to the
reciprocating rod it will be evident that when the rod is reciprocated by the lever,
said section will receive a longitudinal reciprocatory movement, and the rod being
journaled loosely in its bearings it will also be evident that when the lever is moved
from its fulcrum 38 the unconfined side of the section will swing downwards and
thus be dumped.
It will be apparent that the movable section of flat grates may be provided with
these attachments equally as well as pocket grates, and to grates with any number
of pockets, and it will also be apparent that the movable sections with either form
of attachment for shaking and dumping the same may be applied to circular pocket
grates, and I do not wish to be understood as limiting the invention to grates of a
rectangular form.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim, is :-
1. A grate-bar section having its sides joined and braced by short cross-bars and
its side edge or edges rabbeted to form a seat or seats, and a slab or slabs of
refractory material secured in said seat or seats and abutting one of said sides.
2. A grate-bar section constructed with parallel double side walls, the outer walls
being lower than the inner walls and arranged to form seats for rabbeted blocks of
refractory material.
3. The combination, with side and center grate bar sections having double
parallel side walls arranged to form seats and spaces, of rabbeted slabs of refractory
material having the thin portion seated in the spans and the thick portion in the
rabbets.
4. In a pocket grate, the combination of two or more grate-bar sections, arranged
contiguous to each other to form a pocket or pockets of uniform width and having
one or both side edges rabbeted, and a slab or slabs of refractory material seated
in said edge or edges, flush with the side or sides of said sections.
5. The combination, with two or more grate-bar sections, arranged to form a
pocket or pockets, of a reciprocating grate-bar section below each pocket and
supported at one side by means of slotted lugs engaging depending hangers or
brackets attached to the side of one or more of the grate-bar sections.
Dated this Tenth day of December 1895.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.