Improvements in Machines for Spinning and Doubling Hemp, Flax, Jute, and other Fibrous Materials.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Aug., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 5th May, 1899-Accepted, 15th July, 1899
PROVIDIUNAL DICITIATION
Improvements in Machines for Spinning and Doubling Hemp, Flax,
Jute, and other Fibrous Materials.
I, JACOB HEINRICHI BEK, of Stochach, in the Empire of Germany, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object a drawing apparatus for spinning and doubling
machines intended for hemp, rope yarn, tow, fax, .jute, cotton and other usually
employed fibrous materials. It consists essentially of worm wheels operated by
the spinning-fly-shafts, which worm wheels serve for drawing the threads and act
as thread guides, and also of a worm with which the worm wheels engage in such
a way that they receive the required drawing movement from this worm in their
compulsory rotation with the spinning fly-shaft, said worm being adapted to be
rendered stationary for a medium count of yarn. The worm itself can also be set
in rotation for the purpose of regulating the speed of drawing for coarser or finer
yarns, so that the worm wheels execute a relative movement as regards the draw-
ing movement and undergo an alteration of their speed. The relative movement
and alteration of speed will be greater or less than the normal speed according
as the rotation of the worm takes place in one direction or the other and accord-
ingly acceleration or retarding of the drawing will be produced.
The drawing apparatus which forms the object of the invention is shown in the
accompanying drawings as an example in two forms of construction,
Figure 1 being a longitudinal section of one form of construction;
Figure 2, a longitudinal section of another form of construction;
Figure 1, a vertical section on the line xx of Figure 1; and
Figure 2 a vertical section on the line y y of Figure 2;
Figures 1 and 2 are detail views of the respective worms;
Figure 3 shows a general arrangement of a drawing apparatus of the kind shown
in Figure 1 in combination with the respective mechanism of a spinning and
doubling machine;
Figure 3 is a detail of same.
As may be seen from Figure 3, the general arrangement is preferably such that
the drawing apparatus stands outside the fly thus allowing of the construction
in a radial direction being very reduced with the object of obtaining a very high
speed of rotation. As regards the first form of construction Figure 1, same
possesses two worm wheels s¹ s2 which are revolubly mounted one above the other
in support arms a¹ a². These support arms a¹ a² are in one piece with a nave a
which is hollow with the object of guiding the spinning or doubling thread f, and
is fixed (for instance wedged or keyed), in the fly shaft w which is mounted in a
bearing and is also hollow for the same object of guiding the thread. The
mounting of the wheels ss2 on the support arms a¹ a² is as shown in Figure 1*
such that they rest firmly on hubs (for instance tubes) 61 and 62 which also serve
as oil holders, and which are revolubly mounted in suitable bearing rings or eye-

page_text: lets a and a provided on the support arms a¹ a² and which are each closed at one
end by a disc b and at the other end by a cap 60 screwed over the bearing ring.
The wheels are each provided with a guide groove rl 2 for the threads which
are carried over this groove in the manner shown in Figure 1, in such a
way that in the lower groove 2 a loop or bend is formed to the right and open
above and in the upper groove one to the left open below. The wheels s¹s are
in engagement with a flat worm S that is to say a worm in which the teeth are
arranged spirally in a plane, the plane of the teeth being at right angles ot the
central plane of the wheels st 2. This flat worm S with the object of obtaining
a better lubrication has a hollow space or chamber i for receiving oil, and on its
surfaces which face the wheels lubricating holes. It is firmly connected
with a hollow shaft w which is revolubly mounted in a bearing gl and which is
secured against longitudinal displacement by means of a block e subjected to the
pressure of a spring c¹ and engaging in an annular groove wb. On the outer end
of this shaft a belt pulley is removably mounted which in conjunction with a
pulley d removably mounted beneath on a shaft w and a stretching pulley el
forms an endless belt driving gear for the shaft w¹, the said stretching pulley e¹
being adjustably mounted on a support e adjustably mounted on a bracket or
guide h.
The arrangement of this belt driving gear is more particularly shown in
Figure 3 where the arrow heads indicate the directions of rotation of the driving
belt travelling over the pulleys d' d2 and stretching roller e¹. This stretching
roller which may be combined in the ordinary manner with a counter weight or
other suitable mechanical stretching or tightening device has for its object to keep
the belt taut and to allow of an adjustment of the pressure for various diameters
of pulleys d' d² such adjustment being of course automatically effected by the
counter weight or other mechanical equivalent.
Figure 2 shows a form of construction in which the worm S is not formed as a
flat or plane worm but one with internal teeth arranged in such a way that the
uppermost teeth engage with the upper worm wheels and the lower teeth with
the lower wheel 2, these wheels ss being revolubly mounted on support
arms a¹ a², as in the form of construction shown in Figure 1, said arms a¹ a² being
firmly connected with the shaft w of the spinning fly. The worm S is mounted
on a support disc S₁ which in turn is fixed on a shaft w¹. In order to allow of a
good lubrication a space i for receiving the lubricant is provided between the
edges of the disc Sand the walls of the worm S, and the periphery of the
worm S itself has lubricating holes in order to obtain for the gear S2 a run-
ning as far as possible even, free from jerks and noiseless. In both forms of con-
struction the shaft w of the spinning fly is driven by means of a driving pulley
mounted on the shaft between the bearings and g. The worm wheels s¹ $2
which are rotated with it by the fly shaft receive during this rotation their draw-
ing action (drawing rotation) by means of the worm S in such a way that the
thread is drawn at a successive speed whilst the worm is rendered stationary for
medium counts by the belt driving gear being switched off. The pitch of the
worm and worm wheels is so arranged that therefrom that is to say when the
worm is stationary one of the medium counts of thread yields a medium speed of
drawing. For coarser or finer yarns the worm as previously stated may be set
in rotation by means of the belt gearing whereby the worm wheels receive a rela-
tive movement as regards the drawing action and undergo an alteration of speed
which according as the worm is rotated in one direction or the other, is an in-
creased or diminished one and consequently has for a result an acceleration or
retardation of the drawing, and in fact for fine yarns for which of course the
drawing speed must be diminished, the worm will correspondingly receive by
means of the belt pulley gearing a rotation in the direction of the rotation of the
spinning fly spindle assuming that the pitch of the worm is such that on its
rotating in the direction of the spinning fly spindle a diminution of the mean
speed of the worm wheels takes place; whilst for coarser yarns the worm must

page_text: receive such a rotation as to produce an acceleration of the speed of the worm
wheels, which, in a similar assumption to the foregoing, takes place when the worm
receives a rotation in an opposite direction to the direction of the spinning fly
shaft.
The first of the forms of construction hereinbefore described is intended for a
spinning fly with about 2000 to 2500 revolutions whilst the form of construction
shown in Figure 2 is intended for a spinning fly with a speed of about 1500 to
1800 revolutions.
Improvements in Machines for Spinning and Doubling Hemp, Flax,
Jute, and other Fibrous Materials,
I, JACOB HEINRICH BEK, of Stochach, in the Empire of Germany, Engineer, lo
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention has for its object a drawing apparatus for spinning and doubling
machines intended for hemp, rope yarn, tow, fax, jute, cotton and other usually
employed fibrous materials. It consists essentially of worm wheels operated by
the spinning-fly-shafts, which worm wheels serve for drawing the threads and act
as thread guides, and also of a worm with which the worm wheels engage in such
a way that they receive the required drawing movement from this worm in their
compulsory rotation with the spinning fly-shaft, said worm being adapted to be
rendered stationary for a medium count of yarn. The worm itself can also be set
in rotation for the purpose of regulating the speed of drawing for coarser or finer
yarns, so that the worm wheels execute a relative movement as regards the draw-
ing movement and undergo an alteration of their speed. This relative movement
and alteration of speed will be greater or less than the normal speed according
as the rotation of the worm takes place in one direction or the other and accord-
ingly acceleration or retarding of the drawing will be produced.
The drawing apparatus which forms the object of the invention is shown in the
drawings accompanying the Provisional Specification as an example in two forms
of construction, and reference will be had to same-
Figure 1 being a longitudinal section of one form of construction;
Figure 2, a longitudinal section of another form of construction;
Figure 1, a vertical section on the line of Figure 1; and
Figure 2 a vertical section on the line y y of Figure 2;
Figures 1 and 2 are detail views of the respective worms;
Figure 3 shows a general arrangement of a drawing apparatus of the kind shown
in Figure 1 in combination with the respective mechanism of a spinning and
doubling machine;
Figure 3 is a detail of same.
As may be seen from Figure 3, the general arrangement is preferably such that
the drawing apparatus stands outside the fly thus allowing of the construction
in a radial direction being very reduced with the object of obtaining a very high
speed of rotation. As regards the first form of construction Figure 1, same
possesses two worm wheels s¹s which are revolubly mounted one above the other
in support arms a¹ a². These support arms a¹ a² are in one piece with a nave a

page_text: The
which is hollow with the object of guiding the spinning or doubling thread f, and
is fixed (for instance wedged or keyed), in the fly shaft w which is mounted in a
bearing and is also hollow for the same object of guiding the thread.
mounting of the wheels s¹s on the support arms a¹ a² is as shown in Figure 1*
such that they rest firmly on hubs (for instance tubes) 61 and 62 which also serve
as oil holders, and which are revolubly mounted in suitable bearing rings or eye-
lets a¹ and a* provided on the support arms a¹ a² and which are each closed at one
end by a disc 6 and at the other end by a cap 60 screwed over the bearing ring.
The wheels are each provided with a guide groove 2 for the threads which
are carried over this groove in the manner shown in Figure 1, in such a
way that in the lower groove 2 a loop or bend is formed to the right and open
above and in the upper groove one to the left open below. The wheels s¹² are
in engagement with a flat worm S that is to say a worm in which the teeth are
arranged spirally in a plane, the plane of the teeth being at right angles to the
central plane of the wheels This flat worm S with the object of obtaining
a better lubrication has a hollow space or chamber i for receiving oil, and on its
surfaces which face the wheels lubricating holes . It is firmly connected
with a hollow shaft which is revolubly mounted in a bearing g' and which is
secured against longitudinal displacement by means of a block c subjected to the
pressure of a spring c¹ and engaging in an annular groove wo. On the outer end
of this shaft a belt pulley is removably mounted which in conjunction with a
pulley removably mounted beneath on a shaft 2 and a stretching pulley c¹
forms an endless belt driving gear for the shaft w¹, the said stretching pulley e!
being adjustably mounted on a support e adjustably mounted on a bracket or
guide h.
.
The arrangement of this belt driving gear is more particularly shown in
Figure 3 where the arrow heads indicate the directions of rotation of the driving
belt travelling over the pulleys did and stretching roller e¹. This stretching
roller which may be combined in the ordinary manner with a counter weight or
other suitable mechanical stretching or tightening device has for its object to keep
the belt taut and to allow of an adjustment of the pressure for various diameters
of pulleys d'd such adjustment being of course automatically effected by the
counter weight or other mechanical equivalent.
Figure 2 shows a form of construction in which the worm S is not formed as a
flat or plane worm but one with internal teeth arranged in such a way that the
uppermost teeth engage with the upper worm wheels and the lower teeth with
the lower wheel 2, these wheels s¹s being revolubly mounted on support
arms a¹ a², as in the form of construction shown in Figure 1, said arms a¹ a² being
firmly connected with the shaft w of the spinning fly. The worm S is mounted
on a support disc S₁ which in turn is fixed on a shaft w¹. In order to allow of a
good lubrication a space for receiving the lubricant is provided between the
edge so of the disc S¹ and the walls of the worm S, and the periphery of the
worm S itself has lubricating holes in order to obtain for the gear S ss a run-
ning as far as possible even, free from jerks and noiseless. In both forms of con-
struction the shaft wel of the spinning fly is driven by means of a driving pulley d
mounted on the shaft between the bearings g³ and g. The worm wheels st
which are rotated with it by the fly shaft receive during this rotation their draw-
ing action, (drawing rotation) by means of the worm S in such a way that the
thread is drawn at a successive speed whilst the worm is rendered stationary for
medium counts by the belt driving gear being switched off. The pitch of the
worm and worm wheels is so arranged that therefrom that is to say when the
worm is stationary one of the medium counts of thread yields a medium speed of
drawing. For coarser or finer yarns the worm as previously stated may be set
in rotation by means of the belt gearing whereby the worm wheels receive a rela-
tive movement as regards the drawing action and undergo an alteration of speed
which according as the worm is rotated in one direction or the other, is an in-
creased or diminished one and consequently has for a result an acceleration or

page_text: retardation of the drawing, and in fact for fine yarns for which of course the
drawing speed must be diminished, the worm will corespondingly receive by
means of the belt pulley gearing a rotation in the direction of the rotation of the
spinning fly spindle assuming that the pitch of the worm is such that on its
rotating in the direction of the spinning fly spindle a diminution of the mean
speed of the worm wheels takes place; whilst for coarser yarns the worm must
receive such a rotation as to produce an acceleration of the speed of the worm
wheels, which, in a similar assumption to the foregoing takes place when the worm
receives a rotation in an opposite direction to the direction of the spinning fly
shaft.
The first of the forms of constructon herein before described is intended for a
spinning fly with about 2000 to 2500 revolutions whilst the form of construction
shown in Figure 2 is intended for a spinning fly with a speed of about 1500 to
1800 revolutions.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. An apparatus for spinning and doubling machines, comprising worm wheels
operated by the spinning-fly-shafts and serving for drawing in the threads and as
thread guides, and a worm adapted to be rendered stationary for a medium count
of yarn, with which worm the worm wheels are in engagement in such a way that the
wheels in their rotation with the spinning fly shafts receive from said worm the
drawing-in movement, whilst for the purpose of regulating the drawing speed
for coarser or finer yarns the said worm may itself be set in rotation so that the
worm wheels describe a relative movement as regards the drawing motion and
undergo an alteration of speed which is greater or less than the normal according
as the rotation of the worm takes place in one direction or the other whereby
acceleration or retardation of the drawing will be accordingly produced, substan-
tially as herein before described.
2. An apparatus such as described in which the worm operating the worm
wheels i.e. for producing the rotation of the same, is a flat worm that is to say
a worm in which the teeth are arranged spirally in a plane, substantially as
described.
3. An apparatus such as described, in which the worm operating the worm
wheels and producing the rotation of same has internal teeth arranged in such a
way as to engage from above with the upper worm wheel and from below with
the under worm wheel, substantially as described.
4. An apparatus such as described in which the rotation of the worm which
produces the relative movement of the wheels, is produced by means of change
pulleys with belt driving gear which is held taut by means of a stretching roller
and may therefore be adjusted and stretched for any diameter of the change
pulleys, substantially as described.
5. The general construction and combination of parts taken as a whole forming
the improved drawing in apparatus for spinning and doubling machines substan-
tially as herein before described and illustrated in two forms of construction.
and this 4th day of May 1899
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.