Improvements in Apparatus for the Utilization of Petroleum and other Combustible Fluids as Fuel in Furnaces.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Dec.. 1893
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Sept., 1894-Accepted, 17th Nov., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for the Utilization of Petroleum and
other Combustible Fluids as Fuel in Furnaces.
JAMES CADOUX HUDSON 75 Upper Ground Street Blackfriars Road London
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates chiefly to improvements in methods and apparatus for
burning petroleum and other combustible fluids, by means of a jet of air or
superheated steam meeting a jet of oil at an angle, and thereby dividing the oil
into fine spray; which oil then mixed with air is in a condition to burn with great
intensity and is projected into the fire box of a boiler or other furnace and there
ignited.
One form of my apparatus I use in connection with the boiler of a steam fire
engine; this arrangement being specially adapted to raise steam with great rapidity,
and is such as can be adapted to existing steam fire engine boilers. One, or more
combined jets of air and oil are projected through the fire hole or other suitable
opening into the fire box and there ignited. The fire grate can be of the ordinary
construction and be covered with wood coal or other fuel. The flame from the jets
can be directed so as to ignite the fuel and form a coal fire whilst steam is being
raised. Then the jets can be discontinued if desirable, and wood or coal used as fuel
in the ordinary way. Air is supplied to the jet or jets by means of a compressing
pump worked by hand, or driven by one of the road wheels of the steam fire engine,
or from a reservoir of compressed air or by other means.
The oil is contained in a reservoir which can be placed in such a position as to
feed oil to the jets by gravity, or compressed air from the pump can be admitted
to the oil reservoir, and the oil forced out from the jet or jets by means of that or
other pressure. The combined jets can be placed in the fire hole or other opening
into the fire box in such a position as not to interfere with ordinary stoking, or can
be arranged so that the pipes conveying the oil and air to the jets can have
a hinged joint so as to be readily moved out of the way. For other boilers
and furnaces, modifications of the above can be made to suit the various
constructions.
Dated this 2nd day of December 1893.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for the Utilization of Petroleum' and
other Combustible Fluids as Fuel in Furnaces.
JAMES CADOUX HUDSON 75 Upper Ground Street Blackfriars Road London
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates chiefly to improvements in methods and apparatus for
burning petroleum and other combustible fluids by means of a jet of air or
superheated steam meeting a jet of oil at an angle and thereby dividing the oil into
fine spray which oil then mixed with air is in a condition to burn with great
intensity, and is projected into the fire box of a boiler or other furnace and there
ignited. One form of my apparatus I use in connection with the boiler of a steam
Pine 821

page_text: fire engine, this arrangement being specially adapted to raise steam with great
rapidity and is such as can be adapted to existing steam fire engine boilers.
One or more combined jets of air and oil are projected through the fire hole or
other suitable opening into the fire box and there ignited.
The fire grate can be of the ordinary construction and be covered with wood
coal, or other fuel. The flame from the jets can be directed so as to ignite the fuel
and form a coal fire whilst steam is being raised. Then the jets can be discontinued
if desirable and wood or coal used as fuel in the ordinary way. Air is supplied to
the jet or jets by means of a compressing pump worked by hand, or driven by one
of the road wheels of the steam fire engine, or from a reservoir of compressed air,
or by other means.
The oil is contained in a reservoir which can be placed in such a position as to
feed oil to the jets by gravity, or compressed air from the pump can be admitted
to the oil reservoir and the oil forced out from the jet or jets by means of that or
other pressure. The combined jets can be placed in the fire hole or other opening
into the fire box in such a position as not to interfere with ordinary stoking or can
be arranged so that the pipes conveying the oil and air to the jets can have a hinged
joint so as to be readily moved out of the way. For other boilers and furnaces
modifications of the above can be made to suit the various constructions.
In order that my said invention may be most fully understood and readily carried
into effect, I will proceed to describe the drawing hereunto annexed.
Fig. 1. is a side elevation of a steam fire engine shewing arrangement of oil and
air tanks, and apparatus for burning liquid fuel, hand air pump &c.
Fig. 2 is a plan of same.
Fig. 3 is a side elevation as in Fig. 1. but shewing air pump driven from running
wheels.
Fig. 4 is a section through the fire box of a steam fire engine boiler shewing the
oil burning apparatus in position and details of fire grate.
Fig. 5 is a plan of same.
Fig. 6 is a section through the oil spraying apparatus.
With reference to Figs. 1 & 2 (A.) is a reservoir for oil, (B.) is a reservoir for
compressed air, these reservoirs can be connected together by a pipe (C) so that
the air pressure in (B.) can be communicated to (A..), a pipe (D.) carries oil from
(A) to the spraying apparatus (E) and a pipe (F) conducts the air under pressure
to the same, these currents of air and oil meet at (G) at right angles and the oil is
sprayed into the furnace as shewn the issue of the air and oil streams are regulated
by suitable valves or cocks.
The air reservoir (B.) can be charged and the pressure maintained by means of
a hand pump (H.) in Figs. 1 & 2 or by means of an air pump (I.) as in Fig. 3 driven
by chain gear from the bind running wheels (K) or by an air pump driven from the
fire engine.
The air (B) and oil (A) reservoirs can be placed as in Fig. 3 below the level of
the spraying attachment the oil being forced up by the air pressure from reservoir (B).
When steam has been raised in the boiler the air reservoir (B.) can be shut off and
live steam used instead of air to spray the oil, the oil can also be discharged by
water pressure obtained from the pump of fire engine & entering reservoir (A).
And in order to do this, I connect the reservoir (A.) by means of a pipe to the
delivery chamber of pump of fire engine, placing a control or shut off cock in any
convenient position on this pipe.
When the fire pump is at work and water is being delivered under pressure into
the fire hose, if the control cock is opened and water admitted to the lower end of
reservoir (A.) the oil therein contained will be forced out at the higher end of
reservoir through a pipe there attached, and connected to, and supplying the
jets (M. M) of spraying apparatus (E.). The greater specific gravity of the water

page_text: will cause it to remain below the oil and separate from it whilst the reservoir is
emptying. When the reservoir is emptied the control cock on connecting pipe
between reservoir (A.) and pump head is closed, the reservoir (A.) emptied of
water by means of a discharge valve or cock, and the reservoir (A.) again
replenished with oil.
In Figs. 4 & 6 the spraying apparatus (E.) is shewn in section, the oil pipe (D.)
connected at (L.) discharges from jet or jets (M.) the air pipe (F.) connected
at (N.) discharges at jet or jets (0) and the jet of air and oil meeting at an angle,
the oil is sprayed into the furnace. The spraying apparatus (E.) can be hinged
back as shewn in dotted lines. The furnace may be lined with fire brick, or
unburned fuel is shewn on the fire bars, and then can be lighted before the oil spray
is turned on, or afterwards.
When steam has been raised in boiler and live steam is used for spraying I place
louvres as in Fig. 4 at bottom of fire bars or air tight ash pan, to prevent air passing
through fuel; thus the fuel is maintained alight for a considerable time and
presents an incandescent surface for oil to spray upon. The louvres can be opened
or closed by lever (P.). In Fig. 5 the spraying apparatus (E) is shewn entering the
furnace at separate holes (Q) independently of the fire hole (R) consequently
the boiler can be stoked with coal or oil without one system interfering with the
other.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
Firstly. On a steam fire engine the combination and arrangement of reservoirs
containing compressed air and oil either connected or disconnected, discharging into
a spraying apparatus as shewn, the air reservoir being charged and maintained
under water pressure either by hand pump, or pump driven by the running wheels,
or from the fire engine, the spray being discharged into the furnace of boiler either
on coal fuel incandescent, or otherwise, or a fire brick bottom and lining as
illustrated and described.
Secondly. The arrangement of oil spraying apparatus hinged for moving out of
way of ordinary fire hole, or fixed at independent openings as illustrated and
described.
Thirdly. The arrangement of supplementing the compressed air by live steam
when steam has been raised in the boiler for spraying the oil, and supplementing
the compressed air in the oil reservoir by water from the fire pump when the engine
has been started, as illustrated and described.
Dated this 3rd day of September 1894.
JAMES CADOUX HUDSON.