IMPROVE- MENTS IN OIL CANS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Revell, of Dukinfield, in the County of
Chester, Master Plasterer and Decorator, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN OIL CANS."
Sealed the 22nd August 1862, and dated the 27th February 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Revell, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
February 1862.
I, JOSEPHI REVELL, of Dukinfield, in the County of Chester, Master
Plasterer and Decorator, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL CANS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the construction of improved oil cans in which
screws, corks, or other parts hitherto connected with the feeding portion of the
can are dispensed with.
My improved oil cans are made of any required shape, and they each
consist of two main divisions or parts, one the upper part or air chamber and
the other the lower part or chamber for containing the oil. The upper part
is separated from the lower by a partition in the body of the can, and contains
the air which passes through a tube fixed to the partition, and extending to
nearly the bottom of the oil chamber. The spout of the oil can passes from
the under side of the partition through the air chamber, and is made of

page_text: any length required. The said air chamber is formed similar to the old
fashioned waistcoat pocket or exciseman's inkstand, and when the can is fed the
oil passes through the air chamber by means of a tube which nearly reaches to
the partition and also admits air to the oil can after it is fed. The same tube
also receives the oil that drops down the spout after the process of oiling.
With this improved oil can there is no possibility of leakage, nor will the oil
escape if by accident the can falls to a horizontal position.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed.
by tho said Joseph Revell in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 27th
August 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPHI
REVELL, of Dukinfield, in the County of Chester, Master Plasterer and
Decorator, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Joseph Revell, Her special licence that I, the said Joseph Revell, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Joseph
Revell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time, and at all times thereafter,
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
OIL CANS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Joseph
Revell, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed; and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Revell, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say).:-
This Invention consists in the construction of improved oil cans in which

page_text: screws, corks, or other parts hitherto connected with the feeding portion of the
can are dispensed with unless desired for the purpose of removal. when
cleansing the interior of the cans.
My improved oil cans are made of any required shape, and they each
consist of two main divisions or parts, one the upper part or air chamber
and the other the lower part or chamber for containing the oil.. The upper
part is separated from the lower by a partition in the body of the can, and
contains the air which passes through a feeding tube fixed to the partition,
and extends to nearly the bottom of the oil chamber. In some cases the
aforesaid tube is surrounded by a loose tube closed at the bottom for the
purpose of acting as a syphon, and when the can is being used, preventing the
air chamber from being surcharged by the oil from the first-mentioned tube.
The delivery tube or spout of the oil can passes from the under side of.the.
partition through or past the air chamber, and is made of any length required.:
The said air chamber is formed somewhat similar to the waistcoat pocket or
exciseman's inkstand, and when the can is fed the oil passes through the air
chamber into the oil chamber by means of a feeding and retaining tube which
is placed in the air chamber and nearly reaches to the partition, which tube.
admits air to the oil can after it is fed, and also receives the oil that trickles
down the outside the spout after the process of oiling. With my improved
oil cans there is no possibility of leakage, and the oil will not escape if the can.
falls by accident to a horizontal position.
These improvements will be clearly understood by referring to the Figures
and letters on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which the several
Figures are vertical sections of a few of my improved oil cans of various
sizes and shapes.
In all the Figures a represents the air chamber; b; the oil chamber.; c, the
partition between the two; d, e, tubes in the air chamber employed as feeding.
and retaining tubes in the same manner as the inner tube of an exciseman's
inkstand; f, the tube which. conveys the oil and admits tho air to the
oil chamber; g, the delivery tube or spout, and h, plugs for enabling the
chambers to be cleaned...
.
For preventing the admission of extraneous matters to the can I place a
sieve when such is required in one of the feeding tubes, as at i, Figs. 1, 3,
and 5, or above the partition, as at j, Fig. 2.
To prevent the oil when the
can is used from passing from the tube f up the feeding tubes d, e, I place
guards, as at k, Figs. 1, 2, and 4. The oil and air tube f is fixed directly to
the partition and used by itself, as in Figs. 1, 5, and 6, or placed in a loose
tube, closed at the bottom, as at Figs: 2, 3, and 4, which loose tube acts as

page_text: a syphon, and prevents the air chamber from being surcharged with oil when
the can is being used. In other cases the oil and air tube fis connected to an
air chamber extending to nearly the bottom of the can, and is subdivided
into several tubular partitions, as in Figs. 3 and 5. The said chamber encircles
the tubes d, e, as in Fig. 3, or is fixed to the partition c, as in Fig. 5. In
both cases the chamber contains a number of short tubes or funnels m,
forming the tubular partitions, which allow the passage of oil and air when
the can is in a proper position, but offer obstructions to the escape of the oil if
the can should be upset, and when the air chamber is in line with the feeding
tubes as in Fig. 3 it can be cleaned with facility.
In Fig. 4 I represent a self-acting arrangement for closing the spout .g,
when not required to deliver oil. The top of the spout is curved or bent,
as at Fig. 4, so that when oil is to be let out the curved end must be held
downwards, and the lower aperture of the spout is formed at the side; as at
n, instead of the bottom, which is closed. Upon the bottom end of the spout
there is a self-acting cut-off valve o, formed so that it can revolve freely
upon the lower end of the spout, which valve has an aperture corresponding
with the side aperture of the spout, when its curved end is in a proper position
for delivering oil. The said valve is formed or bored in an eccentric manner
in order to cause its aperture to be on the heaviest side, and always in one
position when the can is used for oiling, and if the can is turned until its
aperture is open to the aperture of the valve, oil will pass from the oil chamber
into the spout, but if the can is turned round. in such a position that the two
apertures are not open to each other, no oil can escape. When the delivery
tube or spout extends from the side of the can, I connect to it a pipe or con-
ductor p, Figs. 5 and 6, for the purpose of leading back to the can any oil
that may trickle down the spout after being used, which pipe also acts as a
stay, and when desired the feeding tubes d, e, may be covered with a hinged
cover as at q, Figs. 5 and 6, for preventing the entry of dust and dirt. For
feeding the cans shewn in Figs. 1, 2, 4, and 6, the oil is supplied through the
tubes d, e, and flows over the partition c, to the tube f, which conveys the
oil either directly to the oil chamber, as in Figs. 1 and 6, or fills the loose
tube 1, Figs. 2, 3, and 4 before it enters the chamber. In Fig. 3 the oil
is supplied through the tubes d, e, direct to the subdivided air chamber,
through which it passes to the tube f, and enters the oil chamber at once or
after passing through a loose tube. In Fig. 5 the oil flows through the tubes
d, e, and over the partition c, to the subdivided air chamber through
which it passes direct to the oil chamber, with which chamber in all cases
the delivery tube or spout is connected. In using the caus shewn in

page_text: Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, they should be held so that the feeding tube f
is above the delivery spout g, of which the cleaning plug will be the guide.
By means of the improvements before described, or modified arrangements
of them the oil cans may be fed or supplied with oil without the necessity of
removing a cork or screwed stopper, and afterwards having to replace the
same when the can is filled, no moro oil than the oil chamber will contain
should be poured in, for in my improved oil cans the oil is simply passed to
the oil chamber through the feeding and retaining tubes, which tubes also
supply air to the can, and admit and save the waste drops of oil that run
down the outside of the spout, after the can has been used for oiling. The
cans are so formed, and shaped that there is no loss of oil if they should by
accident or otherwise be placed in a horizontal position; this desired object
is obtained by means of the feeding and retaining tubes, and the shape of
the cans, which in large sizes especially are made wider at the shoulder than
at the bottom, so that if the can should be knocked over or placed on its side
its additional width at the shoulder causes the delivery tube or spout, and the
feeding and retaining tubes to be placed at such an angle that any escape of
oil is prevented.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
I desire it to bo understood that I claim, the arrangement and construction
of oil cans as herein described, and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Revell have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of August, in the year of
Lord our One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Joseph Revell in
the presence of
E. J. HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
JOSEPH REVELL. (L.S.)