Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd May, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Mar., 1897-Accepted. 22nd May. 1897
emen
Engines.
I, JOSEPH DAY of Compton Villa, Paragon Road, Weston-super-Mare in the
County of Somerset Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
My invention refers to gas and oil engines whereby with a given charge of air
and gas or of air and oil, I am enabled to obtain power more economically than has
been hitherto the case, and my invention further refers to an improved inethod of
and means for cooling the cylinder.
The engines are constructed to work preferably with an impulse at each revolution
and two or more are coupled together. The charge of air and gas or of air and oil
is smaller than is usually the case and after being compressed ignition takes place
in a tube or chamber between the two cylinders and consequently operates the
pistons simultaneously. One engine is conveniently constructed to draw in and
compress the air and gas in the case of a gas engine or air alone in the case
of an oil engine for the purpose of charging the working cylinders, the connections
between the air and gas or air and oil being suitably arranged for that purpose,
so that as far as concerns the operations of charging, one engine. performs double
duty, the result being that increased expansion is obtained.
A further improvement consists in the method of and means for the utilization of
air instead of water to keep the cylinder or cylinders cool. The cylinders are
provided with jackets and air is drawn through these jackets to be utilized
eventually to form part of the charge for the engine. By this means the air is also
warmed before it reaches the cylinder, which is an advantage. The air jackets
may be of ordinary construction, but I prefer that the air should cover as large a
surface of the outside of the cylinder as possible. For this reason the cylinder may
be provided with a number of thin fins either vertical, helical, horizontal or
of other form.
Dated this 23rd day of May 1896.
JENSEN & SON,
77 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPE
Improvements in and connected with Gas and Oil Engines.
I JOSEPH DAY of Compton Villa, Paragon Road, Weston-super-Mare in the
County of Somerset, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention refers to gas and oil engines such as are described in the
Specifications of Patents No. 6410 dated 14th April 1891, No. 9247 dated
1st June 1891; No. 18513 dated 15th October 1892, and No. 15514 dated
17th August 1895, whereby with a given charge of air and gas or of air and oil,

page_text: I am enabled to obtain power more economically than has been hitherto the case,
and my invention further refers to an improved method of and means for cooling
the cylinder.
The engines are constructed to work preferably with an impulse at each revolution
and two or more are coupled together. The total charge of air and gas or of air
and oil is smaller than is usually the case for say a two cylinder engine and after
being compressed ignition takes place in a tube or chamber between the two
cylinders and consequently operates the pistons simultaneously. One engine is
conveniently constructed to draw in and compress the air and gas in the case of a
gas engine or air alone in the case of an oil engine for the purpose of charging
the working cylinders, the connections between the air and gas or air and oil being
suitably arranged for that purpose, so that as far as concerns the operations of
charging, one engine performs double duty, the result being that increased expansion
and a lower terminal pressure at the moment of exhaust are obtained.
A further improvement consists in the method of and means for the utilization
of air instead of water to keep the cylinder or cylinders cool. The cylinders are
provided with jackets and air is drawn through these jackets to be utilized eventually
to form part of the charge for the engine. By this means the air is also, warmed
before it reaches the cylinder, which is an advantage. The air jacket may be of
ordinary construction but I prefer that the air should cover as large a surface of
the outside of the cylinder as possible. For this reason the cylinder may be
provided with a number of thin fins either vertical, helical, horizontal, or of
other form.
Figure 1 of the accompanying sheet of drawings represents in part sectional
elevation an engine constructed according to my invention,
Figure 2 is a transverse section on the line 2-2 Figure 1,
Figure 3 is a plan section on the line 3-3 Figure 1, and,
Figure 4 is a plan of one of the cylinder covers.
In the construction shown, the engines, of which there are two coupled together,
work with an impulse at each revolution. The charge of air and gas or of air and
oil is drawn into the enclosed crank chamber F, by means of the vacuum created
on the ascent of the piston D through an air port A and a gas port A', when the
said piston arrives at the top of its stroke and uncovers the port A. When the
piston D descends it compresses the charge of air and gas in the enclosed crank
chamber F, until it arrives at or near the bottom of its stroke, whereupon the
charge passes by means of the channel H to the working cylinder or explosion
chamber D' and part of the charge will reach the other cylinder or explosion
chamber D by tube V between the two cylinders which tube is provided with an
ignition tube of ordinary construction. Or instead of the crank chamber F being
in direct communication with the explosion chamber D' only, it may also be in
direct communication with the explosion chamber D' as well, by a passage H
shown in dotted lines, and it is not absolutely essential that there should be only
one ignition tube mounted in the tube V between cylinders for each explosion
chamber may be provided with an ignition tube in the ordinary way without
departing from my invention, but I prefer to connect the cylinders and have only
one ignition tube as shewn, on the score of economy. On the simultaneous ascent
of the two pistons the charge is compressed in the explosion chambers D¹ and D'
and the said charge is ignited when the pistons are at or about the top of their
strokes. When the pistons approach the bottom of their strokes the products
of combustion escape by exhaust ports C of which only one is shewn on the
drawing.
If it be intended to use the engine as an oil engine, the explosion chamber D³ is
provided with an oil inlet port B and if there be a passage H the explosion
chamber D may also be provided with a similar oil inlet port B. Although both
cylinders are shown on the drawing of the same dimensions this is not essential as
the cylinder D, which runs idle in as far as concerns the compressing of a charge
in the crank chamber F1, may be of smaller dimensions than the other cylinder.

page_text: In order to utilize air instead of water to keep the cylinder or cylinders cool, it.
is or they are as shown provided with jackets W connected by a tube W1 and the
cover of each cylinder is provided with a number of holes X. Air is drawn
through these jackets and it passes by the air inlet port A into the crank
chamber F to be utilized eventually to form part of the charge for the engine..
By this means the air is also warmed before it reaches the cylinder or cylinders...
The air jacket or jackets W may be of ordinary construction, but I prefer that the
air should cover as large a surface of the outside of the cylinder or cylinders as
possible. The cylinder or cylinders may be provided with a number of comparatively
thin fins Y either vertical, as shown, or helical, horizontal or of any other suitable
form. It is not essential that the jackets W should be as thick as shown for as.
there is no pressure they may be made comparatively thin. In order to regulate-
the amount of air passing through the holes X I provide if desired a hit and miss.
valve Z.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A gas or oil engine provided with two or more working cylinders and one or
more enclosed crauk chamber or chambers to receive compress and deliver the
charge to be distributed to the working cylinders substantially as described and...
shown.
2. A gas or oil engine provided with two working cylinders D¹ D' and an.
enclosed crank chamber F communicating with the cylinders by means of a
passage H, the cylinders being connected by a tube V having an igniting apparatus.
in connection therewith substantially as described and shown.
3. A gas or oil engine provided with two working cylinders D¹ D³ and an.
enclosed crank chamber F communicating with the cylinders by means of
passages H, H', substantially as described and shown.
4. In a gas or oil engine the employment of the air to be used to form part of
the charge for cooling the working cylinder or cylinders substantially as described...
5. In a gas or oil engine in which the air to be used to form part of the charge-
is utilized for cooling the working cylinder or cylinders, the employment of a..
number of fins to cause the air to take a straight or circuitous course substantially
as described.
6. In a gas or oil engine, the combination of an air jacket surrounding the
cylinder with a number of fins Y substantially as described and shown.
7. The constructions of gas or oil engines shown on the drawings.
Dated this Twenty-t
JENSEN & SON,
77 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents..