IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING MACHINES AND CHURNS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Walter Edward Yates and Robert Watson, both
of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, for the
Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING MACHINES AND CHURNS.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Walter Edward Yates
and Robert Watson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 8th May 1873.
We, WALTER EDWARD YATES and ROBERT WATSON, both of Man-
chester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING MACHINES
AND CHURNS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates more particularly to washing machines employed
in the cleansing of wearing apparel and houshold linen, and in churns
used in the production of butter, but may also be applicable in the
case of washing or rinsing machines employed for other purposes.
In such machines it is of importance to agitate the contents of the
-receptacles to a great extent, and especially in washing machines it is
s

page_text: of importance to obtain such an amount of agitation of the water as
will speedily effect the cleansing of the articles to be washed. To this
end we mount the receptacle which is to contain the articles and the
water, and detergent, or the cream, or milk, as the case may be, in such
a manner as that it can be rocked to and fro, and we provide the said
receptacle with an internal dasher, which is caused to move in a
direction opposite to that of the said receptacle, so that the contents
of the receptacle when moving in one direction are brought into contact
with a dasher moving in a contrary direction. The method of actuating
the said dasher may be varied.
In an arrangement which we consider to be suitable the said receptacle
is fitted to rock upon axes and racks, or a rack fixed at or near the
upper part of the said receptacle gear or gears with pinions, or with a
pinion fixed or formed on the axis or actuating shaft of the dasher.
The receptacle or the dasher may be worked directly by hand or by
means of a revolving shaft and crank, or other equivalent, or the said
receptacle and dasher may be separately actuated.
When used as a washing machine wringing or mangling rollers may
in some cases be combined with the apparatus.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Walter Edward Yates and Robert Watson in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th November 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WALTER
EDWARD YATES and ROBERT WATSON, both of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Walter Edward Yates and Robert Watson,
Her special license that we, the said Walter Edward Yates and Robert
Watson, our exccutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
we, the said Walter Edward Yates and Robert Watson, our executors,

page_text: administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WASHING MACHINES AND CHURNS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said Walter Edward Yates and Robert Watson, by an
instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand
and scal of one of us, should particularly describo and ascertain tho
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the dato
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said the said Walter Edward Yates,
for myself and on behalf of the said Robert Watson, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to say:-
Our Invention relates more particularly to washing machines employed
in the cleansing of wearing apparel and household linen, and in churns
used in the production of butter, but may also be applicable in the
case of washing or rinsing machines employed for other purposes.
In such machines it is of importance to agitate the contents of the
receptacles to a great extent, and especially in washing machines it is
of importance to obtain such an amount of agitation of the water as
will speedily effect the cleansing of the articles to be washed. To this
end we mount the receptacle which is to contain the articles and the
water, and detergent, or the cream, or milk, as the case may be, in such
a manner as that it can be rocked to and fro, and we provide the said
receptacle with an internal dasher, which is caused to move in a
direction opposite to that of the said receptacle, so that the contents
of the receptacle when moving in one direction are brought into contact
with a dasher moving in a contrary direction. The method of actuating
the said dasher may be varied.
In an arrangement which we consider to be suitable the said receptacle
is fitted to rock upon axes and racks, or a rack fixed at or near the
upper part of the said receptacle gear or gears with pinions, or with a
pinion fixed or formed on the axis or actuating shaft of the dasher,

page_text: The receptacle or the dasher may be worked directly by hand, or by
'means of a revolving shaft and crank, or other equivalent, or the said
receptacle and dasher may be separately actuated, and if preferred may
move in the same direction.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood, I will
in this place refer to the Sheet of Drawings accompanying this Specifi-
cation, wherein is represented so much of a washing machine as is
.necessary to be shown in order that the manner of application thereto
of our Invention may be understood.
In the said Drawings Fig. 1, drawn about one-sixth of the full size,
represents an end view of the machine; Figs. 2 and 3 representing
cross sections of the tub or receptacle in which the articles to be
washed are placed. The said receptacle is mounted upon studs at
each end, one of the said studs being seen at a. A stud is fixed
to one end of the receptacle, and a connecting link c is mounted
on the said stud, and on the stud d which is fixed to the spur wheel e.
A pinion fixed to the driving wheel gears with the intermediate spur
wheel g, and the said spur wheel gears with the said wheel c.
When the said driving wheel is rotated by means of a handle in the
usual manner the said receptacle is caused to rock to and fro. Curved
racks, shewn by dotted lines in Fig. 2, are fixed to the framing at
the ends of the machine, and quadrants i fixed on the axles of the
dasher gear with the said racks. This arrangement has the effect
of causing the said dasher to move in a direction opposite to the
receptacle, so that for example when the said receptacle is moving
towards the right hand the said dasher moves towards the left hand.
In Fig. 2 the said receptacle is seen as when moved towards the right
hand, Fig. 3 representing it in the position assumed when it is moved
towards the left hand, the opposite positions of the dasher being also
represented.
The form of the receptacle may be varied, and the dasher may be of
any ordinary or suitable form.
The method of using the apparatus either as a washing machine or
when adapted to be used as a churn will be understood without further

page_text: Having now fully described and indicated the nature of our said
Invention, and the manner in which we carry the same into practical
effect, we would have it to be understood that we claim more particu-
larly the imparting to the receptacle and the dasher of apparatus
employed as herein-before indicated, of simultaneous rocking move-
ments, substantially as herein-before set forth and indicated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Walter Edward Yates, for myself
and on behalf of the said Robert Watson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventh day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
WALTER EDWARD YATES. (L.s.)
Signed and sealed by the
said Walter Edward Yates,
in the presence of
EDWARD K. DUTTON,
Agent for the Patentecs,
3, Princess Street,
Manchester.