IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINEDY OR APPARATUS FOR FORCING SAUSAGE MEAT AND. •
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Williams, the younger, of Smithfield Works, Gee
Street, Goswell Road, and William Sangster, of Compton Buildings, Goswell
Road, in the County of Middlesex, Engineers, for an Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINEDY OR APPARATUS FOR FORCING SAUSAGE MEAT AND.
•
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Williams, jr, and
William Sangster at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th
November 1880.
THOMAS WILLIAMS, the younger, of Smithfield Works, Gec Street, Goswell Road,
and WILLIAM SANGSTER, of Compton Buildings, Goswell Road, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
FORCING SAUSAGE MEAT AND OTHER SUBSTANCES INTO SKINS OR
SUITABLE RECEPTACLES."
OTHER
This Invention relates to the class of sausage filling machines wherein a cylinder
and piston or plunger are employed for forcing the meat or other substance into
the skins or other receptacles, and has for its object the obtainment of a silent
filling machine, capable of being worked either by hand or by power, and wherein a
quick return motion of the piston or plunger is effected by a self acting arrange-
iment in a simple and more efficient manner than heretofore.
According to this Invention the piston or plunger is worked to and fro along
the cylinder by the application and use of a peculiar combination and arrangement
of mechanical parts, consisting of a horizontal driving shaft or spindle rotating at
one end in a suitable bearing, and at the opposite end in a recess in the end of a
second spindle in line therewith. Near one end of the first mentioned shaft there
is keyed a fast driving pulley and adjoining this fast pulley there is mounted on
the same shaft two loose pulleys, the one farthest from the fast pulley being
provided with internal teeth, and with a suitable frictional break surface. A spur
wheel mounted on an eccentric on the said shaft gears into the internal teeth in
the said pulley, and at the same time gears also with an internal toothed wheel
fast on the second or rack shaft, which carries a pinion gearing direct into the rack
of the piston or plunger. As there is a difference of one tooth between the
number of teeth in the internal toothed pulley and in the internal toothed wheel,
it follows that when the driving shaft is rotated and the internal toothed pulley is
prevented from rotating by means of a friction break, that the second shaft will be

page_text: rotated one tooth for each revolution of the driving shaft, and will impart a slow
forward motion to the rack and piston or plunger whilst in the act of filling or
forcing the substances out of the cylinder, such motion being capable of being
further retarded or stopped at any desired moment by suitably operating upon the
break by a foot lever or otherwise. In order to effect a quick return motion of the
piston or plunger, the driving strap is shifted onto the before mentioned internal
toothed pulley by a lever acted upon by the rack, and as the said internal toothed
pulley is coupled with the before mentioned internal toothed wheel on the rack
shaft by the teeth in the eccentric wheel, it follows that the second or rack shaft
will be driven at the same rate as the internal toothed pulley, and consequently a
quicker return motion will be imparted to the rack and piston or plunger. On
the piston or plunger reaching the rear end or mouth of the cylinder, it comes
in contact with the before mentioned lever and moves it in the opposite direction,
thereby shifting the driving strap back again onto the fast driving pulley, the
plunger remaining stationary until the cylinder has been re-charged when the
operations are repeated. A self acting valve is applied to the piston or plunger
for the purpose of allowing free ingress of air into the front or discharge end of
the cylinder during the back or return motion of the piston. The cylinder, which
is supported on trunnions as is well understood, is brought to the proper position
for being filled by means of a hand lever acting on the rear end thereof, and held
in any required position by a catch or catches. The same arrangement of apparatus
is obviously applicable for filling other receptacles than sausage skins, and may be
employed for other substances than sausage meat.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thomas Williams, jr., and William Sangster in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 17th May 1881.
THOMAS WILLIAMS, the younger, of Smithfield Works, Gee Street, Goswell Road,
and WILLIAM SANGSTER, of Compton Buildings, Goswell Road, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
SUBSTANCES INTO SKINS OR OTHER
"
FORCING SAUSAGE MEAT AND OTHER
SUITABLE RECEPTACLES."
Our said Invention relates to the class of sausage filling machines wherein a
cylinder and a piston or plunger working therein are employed for forcing the
meat or other substance into skins or other receptacles, and consists in the
combination with such machines of the peculiar arrangement of driving gear
hereinafter described, whereby the piston or plunger is caused to move slowly
whilst forcing out or expelling the contents of the cylinder, and to return by a
quick motion to the rear or open end of the cylinder so soon as it has completed its
forward traverse, and vice versa, the reversing of its motion and the corresponding
change of speed being effected automatically, or otherwise, at the end of each single

page_text: stroke of the piston. The improved machine is, by preference, arranged so as to be
driven by power but, if desired, it may be worked by hand through the same
arrangement of gearing.
And in order that our said Invention may be fully understood, we shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall refer to
the several Figures on the explanatory Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed, the
same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts throughout all the Figures.
Figure 1 of our Drawings is a side elevation of our improved filling machine
arranged so as to be self acting and driven by power; Figure 2 is a corresponding
plan of the same; Figure 3 is an end clevation corresponding to Figure 1, and
looking on the driving end of the machine, and Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7, are details
of the driving gear combined with the said machine for producing the alternate
quick and slow motions of the piston or plunger.
A is the bed or base plate of the machine provided with side standards B, B, for
supporting the filling cylinder C, which is provided with the usual nozzle D for
receiving the sausage skin or other receptacle. This cylinder is supported on
trunnions E, E, at its front or delivery end, which rest in suitable bearings in the
top of the side, standards; F, F, are stops for supporting the cylinder in its
horizontal or working position, as shown in our Drawings, which stops when the
cylinder is in its working position, take their bearing upon the upper edge of the
standards B; G is the piston or plunger working inside the cylinder, as is well
understood, and connected with a rack H supported and guided by the bearings I
through which it slides freely; K is the driving shaft supported at one end in the
bearing L, whilst its opposite end is supported by, and turns freely in, a recess a in
the end of the short shaft M, which shaft works in bearings N, N, and carries a
spur pinion M' in gear with the rack H, shown more clearly in dotted lines in
Figure 2. One end of this shaft M is shown in detail section at Figure 7; O is the
fast driving pulley keyed onto the first motion shaft K; P is an ordinary loose pulley
on the same shaft, and Q is a second loose pulley which is formed with internal
teeth as hereinafter explained, and serves also as a break pulley for the reception
of the break strap R worked by the hand or foot lever S; b is an intermediate
spur wheel mounted upon an eccentric c on the driving shaft K, and gearing into
the internal teeth formed inside the loose driving pulley Q, as shown clearly in the
details Figures 4 and 5. This intermediate spur wheel acts as a carrier wheel,
and is made sufficiently broad to engage at the same time with the teeth of the
internal toothed wheel T, fast on the end of the shaft or spindle M (see details
Figures 6 and 7. We do not confine or restrict ourselves to the precise number or
proportions of teeth shown in our Drawings in the before mentioned arrangement
of driving gear, as the proportions may be varied, but those shown will be found
to give a good result, namely, say, 10 teeth in the intermediate spur wheel b,
13 teeth in the loose internal toothed break pulley Q, and 12 teeth in the internal
toothed wheel T; U is a sliding rod (which may be used when the machine is to work
automatically) sliding in suitable guides and connected by a stud or pin V, or
otherwise, with a slot in the end of one of the arms of the horizontal bell-crank
lever W, the other arm being connected, as shown clearly in Figure 3, by a similar
stud or pin, or its equivalent, with a horizontal slide X working in guides Y.
Through a slot in this slide passes the upright weighted lever or strap shifter Z
carrying the fork or strap guide d.
In commencing to work the machine the cylinder is first charged with meat or
other substance, the driving strap being on the pulley O, the attendant then
applies the brake R, whereupon a slow motion is transmitted from the fast pulley O
through the shaft K, intermediate spur wheel b, internal stationary toothed
pulley Q, and internal toothed wheel T to the shaft M and spur pinion M'. The
rack H and piston G will then commence to move slowly inwards, the speed of
the spur pinion M being reduced to about one revolution to twelve of the driving
shaft K, as the intermediate spur wheel b on the eccentric c is caused to travel or
gyrate round the circle of internal teeth in the pulley Q and internal toothed

page_text: wheel T simultaneously, and also to revolve round the said rotating eccentric but
in a reverse direction to that of the eccentric and shaft K. Just before the piston
has arrived at the front or delivery end of the cylinder the arm e on the end of
the rack H pushes the sliding rod U inwards, thereby moving the bell crank W,
slide X, and lever Z into the reverse position to that shown in Figure 2, and
consequently shifting the driving strap from off the fast driving pulley O onto the
loose internal toothed pulley Q, the break strap on the said pulley being at the
same time released by the attendant so as to allow the pulley Q to rotate freely
whilst the shaft K may remain stationary. A quick rotary motion (in the reverse
direction to that previously obtained) is, by this adjustment, transmitted from the
internal toothed pulley through the intermediate spur wheel b direct to the
internal toothed wheel T fast on the shaft M which carries the spur pinion M',
the intermediate spur wheel b revolving freely round the eccentric c as a centre
and serving as a carrier wheel. The result is a quick return motion of the rack H
and piston G. Just as the piston is emerging from the rear or open end of the
cylinder it pushes the rod U outwards and brings the bell-crank lever W and
slide X, with the weighted strap shifting lever Z into the positions shown in
Figures 2 and 3, thereby shifting the driving strap by the action of the fork d
from the loose pulley Q back again onto the fast driving pulley O. The slow
forward motion of the piston or plunger G can be instantly arrested at any moment
by simply releasing the break R. A lever arm actuated by the upright handle g
serves to turn up the mouth of the cylinder into the position shown by dotted
lines in Figure 1, for the purpose of facilitating the introduction of a further
charge of sausage meat or other substance therein, after which the cylinder is
lowered to its original horizontal position and the machine is started again. The
trunnions E, E, and their bearings are, by preference, so shaped as to constitute
stops for preventing the cylinder from being accidentally turned beyond a vertical
position.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, we would observe in conclusion that what we consider to be novel and
original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to us by the hereinbefore
in part recited Letters Patent is,-
The combination with machines of the class herein referred to of the peculiar
arrangement of driving gear, substantially as and for the purpose herein before
described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Thomas Williams, the younger, and William
Sangster, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Seventeenth day of
May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty
THOMAS WILLIAMS, THE YOUNGER. (L.S.)
WILLIAM SANGSTER.
(L.S.)