Improvements in and relating to Vapour Burning Apparatus.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Oct., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 21st July, 1899-Accepted, 14th Oct., 1899
'Improvements in and relating to Vapour Burning Apparatus.
(A communication from abroad by ARTHUR KITSON, of 1,050 Drexel Buildings, Phila-
delphia, in the County of and State of Pennsylvania, United States of America,
Civil Engineer).
I, WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of 46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of London,
Consulting Engineer and Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to vapor burning apparatus, and consists in part of various
improvements on the general type of lamp shown and described in the specification
of Letters Patent of Arthur Kitson, filed December 4, 1897, numbered 28,733.
One feature of the invention is an improved form of vaporizing tube in which the
said tube contains an internal filler formed of a closed inner tube nearly filling the
outer tube so that the oil is compelled to flow along between the said tubes in a thin
circular filin, and consequently is brought into closer contact with the walls of the :
vaporizing tube proper, and more thoroughly heated than is the case where a simple
tube is filled with oil. At either end of the internal filler it is preferred to place a
piece of wire gauze. These gauzes may be in the shape of gauze thimbles.
The invention also comprises an improved form of vapor burning stove or heat
radiator in which this vaporizing tube is employed, being located in front of a fire
back of asbestos or other incandescent material, at the bottom of which fire-back is
located the burner in which the vapor formed in the vaporizing tube is burned. The
invention also includes an improved method of burning the vapor in a lamp casing
which is practically air tight, with the exception of an outlet for the discharge of
the gases of combustion, the air brought in in combination with the vapor being the
only air admitted to the interior of the lamp.
It also includes an improved arrangement for producing the initial vaporization of:
the oil for starting the lamp by means of an electric current.
The invention further relates to an improved construction of the parts of the lamp,
whereby all soldered or brazed joints exposed to intense heat above the level of the
burners, are done away with, and rivetted or screwed joints substituted, which cannot
possibly be inelted by the heat of the lamp, and whereby the various parts of the
lamp interlock and are held firmly in their proper relative positions during the
operation of the lamp, and at the same time are capable of easy and prompt disen-
gagement and removal for purposes of replacement, repair or cleaning.
The invention also relates to various details of improvement in the starting and
operation of the lamp. The hanging or cluster lamp is supported from a rod at the.
bottom of which is a cross piece carrying a V-shaped heat shield and an annular plate,

page_text: On this annular plate and surrounding the supporting rod and heat shield is mounted
a metal chimney and over that a smoke bell.
The plate, chimney, and heat shield, form together a supporting frame suspended
from the rod. This frame supports from its under side a hemispherical glass globe
which is mounted on a ring attached at one side to the plate by a hinge, and at the
other side by a turn buckle, or other form of latch.
A gasket of asbestos or other suitable material, is interposed between the ring and
the plate, and another gasket of similar material may be inserted between the out-
wardly turned lip on the globe and said supporting ring so as to form a practically
air tight connection between said globe and the plate. There is a mixing tube
extending down, through and from the plate to which it is attached by means of a
flange and co-operating nut. The flange is preferably made adjustable by screwing it
on the tube. This mixing tube has a horizontal portion at its lower end supporting
two burner tubes, in which are placed thimbles of wire gauze. Between the two
burner tubes is located a baffle plate in the lower horizontal portion of the mixing
tube.
On the under side of the lower horizontal portion of the mixing tube, and prefer-
ably directly beneath the baffle plate, an oil pocket, in which is a mass of absorbent
material, preferably asbestos fibre.
At the bottom of the oil pocket is an opening controlled by some convenient means,
such as a drip cock. On the upper ends of the burner tubes are gauze diaphragms
and over said burners are mounted Welsbach mantles supported by any convenient
means, such as wires, adjustably mounted at the sides of the burners by means of set
screws.
A shallow cup for alcohol surrounds the burners, or is located adjacent thereto, so
as to come under the vaporizing tube, and has a mass of asbestos arranged therein.
A converging shell of wire gauze is mounted on said cup, which serves to focus the
flame and heat of the burning alcohol used in starting the lamp upon the vaporizing
tube above. A feeding funnel is mounted on the outside of the annular plate, having
a plunger closing the opening in the bottom thereof. A tube connects said feeding
funnel with the alcohol cup, and a wick of asbestos fibre or other absorbent incom-
bustible material extends from said feeding funnel to the alcohol cup. Said wick may
pass through the side of said feeding funnel if desired. An enlarged mouth piece fits
into the upper end of the mixing tube, having openings in its upper portion, for the
admission of air. A muffler lined with asbestos or lead or other non-resonant material
fits over the mouth of this mixing tube extension. This diminishes or muffles the
hissing sound made by the jet. The mixing tube itself may be lined with such non-
resonant inaterial or may be made entirely thereof.
The vaporizing tube,as before stated, has an internal closed tube and gauze thimbles,
the purpose of which is to steady the flow of vapor through the vaporizing tube and to
reduce the amount thereof contained in the vaporizing tube at any one time, and
consequentlyto render more complete thevaporization of the oil within the vaporizing
tube. The vaporizing tube stretches across the chimney and under the heat shield.
A discharge opening is formed in the under side of the vaporizing tube, over the
mouth of the mixing tube, and a feather is formed on the other side of the vaporizing
tube, which engages with a slot in the chimney, and keeps the vaporizing tube in the
proper position. The discharge opening in the vaporizing tube is preferably made of
punched-up portions of the tube wall. The purpose of this is to prevent particles of
carbon or other solid matter from accumulating in the discharge orifice, as they tend
to do when the said discharge orifice is in the shape of an outwardly extending nozzle.
Moreover the making of the discharge orifice in the shape of a cone with the smaller
end projecting inwardly, renders it certain that any particle of matter which goes
through said small opening, will be discharged freely. Whereas, if an orifice of con-
verging shape is used instead of one of diverging shape, particles of matter are apt to
become packed in between the converging walls of the nozzle and interfere with the
free discharge of the jet of vapor.
There is a similar slot in the other side of the chimney to permit of the withdrawal

page_text: of the vaporizing tube. There is a ring supping over the mouth of the m
and fitting down into a notch in the feather on the upper side of the vaporising tube.
There is an oil supply tube, and a valve of any suitable construction for controlling
the flow of oil from said tube to the vaporizing tube. This valve should preferably.
be a needle valve which will deliver the oil into the vaporizing tube in a fine jet or
spray. This renders the oil more easily vaporized.
•
'
A strip of wire gauze surrounds the opening between the top of the chimney and
the smoke bell. This is given a downwardly curved shape so as to form a receptacle
for any scale that inay fall off the gauze and prevent it from falling upon the mantles
and ruining them.
The portable lamp or table lamp operates on the same principle as the lamp above
described, except that it has onlyone burner and incandescent mantle, and is mounted.
on a base or pedestal which supports a reservoir which may be partly filled with oil
through a screw fastened opening. The upper portion of the reservoir is then filled.
with compressed air through a pipe controlled by a valve. The pressure of this com-
pressed air, which should be about three atmospheres, forces the oil in the lower part
of the reservoir up through the tube to the supply pipe. In this case the control
valve is located at the base of the burner. In place of the hemispherical glass globe,
a cylindrical glass globe is employed, which rests on a circular plate extending from
the burner, in which is one or more openings for the purpose of lighting the lamp.
Another form of lamp is designed to screw on and be supported from a gas bracket
by means of an internally threaded tip. In other respects the upper portion of the
lamp corresponds to the construction before described. There may be used however,
an additional plate, which underlies the supporting plate, and which may be rotated
thereon; this plate is provided with a series of holes which may be arranged under
the holes in the first plate. When in such position a match may be introduced to
light the lamp, and a supply of air may also enter to assist combustion. Whenever
no supply of air is needed in addition to that which goes down the mixing tube, the
lower plate is turned so that the holes are no longer in line, and no air is admitted to
the interior of the lamp globe except that which goes up through the burner.
When this lamp is mounted on a gas bracket, a supply of gas may be turned on
and lighted to produce the initial heating of the vaporizing tube, and after said tube
is hot enough to vaporize the oil admitted to it, the gas may be shut off, and the
lamp will be a vapor burning lamp. In case the oil supply runs out or the vaporizing .
apparatus fails to work, the gas may be again turned on and the lamp burned as a gas
lamp. In case also the lamp is inerely mounted on the gas bracket for convenience of
location, and the gas is entirely cut off from the house, then the lamp may be started.
by burning a supply of alcohol introduced into the alcohol cup. This is done in the
case of any one of the three lamps heretofore described by filling the feeding funnel :
with alcohol and then lifting the plunger, which permits the measured quantity of
alcohol to run through the tube to the alcohol cup and just to fill the same and
saturate the asbestos therein contained.
i
In place of using the gas flame above described for producing the initial vaporiza-
tion of the oil, an electric heater may be employed. This may be done by having a.
fine electrical conductor of German silver or other inaterial of high resistance, sup-.
ported at one end on a hook in one end of the vaporizing tube, and at the other end
in a mass of glass, or other non-conducting material fused on to the wire, said material
being enclosed in a stuffing box so as to make a vapor tight joint. This wire extends
lengthwise through the vaporizing tube, and is connected at either end with the
terininals of an electric circuit. It is found that a battery of six ordinary cells will
give enough current to vaporize the oil admitted to the vaporizing tube and start the
lamp into operation. This does away with the inconvenience of using alcohol, and is.
specially useful in case of lamps located in places difficult to be reached, as in the
case of lamps suspended from the high ceiling of a large hall.
This electrically heated conductor may be located in a separate chamber and the
oil vapor formed therein be discharged in a jet into the lamp burners, or directly
3

page_text: beneath the vaporizing tube, so that when lighted the flame will heat the vaporizing
tube sufficiently to start the lamp into operation.
When alcohol is used the asbestos wick becomes saturated, and on applying a light
to it the flame runs down said wick to the alcohol cup and ignites the vapor of alcohol
there being generated. The heat thus generated is focussed upon the vaporizing
tube, by reason of the current of heated air flowing directly up through the chimney.
In case the amount of air supplied through the mixing tube is not sufficient for the
proper burning of the alcohol, the glass globe may be dropped down on its hinge by
releasing the turn buckle, and then after the lamp is properly in operation the globe
may be swung up again and locked in position.
In the case of the arrangement described for the table lamp, the admission of air
may be controlled by rotating the lower plate as before described.
When the vaporizing tube has been raised to the proper temperature, the supply.
valve is opened, and the oil contained in the supply tube under pressure, is forced
into the vaporizing tube. It is there vaporized by the heat and a jet of vapor is
discharged from the opening down the mixing tube. This jet draws a quantity of
air with it, and the mixed vapor and air is fed to the vapor burners. The vapor and
air emerging from said burners, is ignited by the alcohol flame, and the incandescent
mantles become heated and give off a powerful white light. The heat of the upward
current of gases maintains the vaporizing tube at the proper temperature, and the
action of the lamp becomes self-supporting.
The baffle plate, located between the two burners when a double burner is used,
checks the flow of vapor and air in part, and equalizes the pressure of the same at the
two burners. Any particle of oil which passes through the vaporizing tube without
being vaporized, or which is condensed in the mixing tube, drops into the fibrous
material in the oil pocket, and the forcing of the current of vapor to turn a corner
around the baffle plate, tends to assist in this deposition of any drawn in particles of
liquid in the oil pocket.
The oil so deposited on the fibrous material is gradually vaporized by the passing
current of air and vapor, and passes up through the burners for combustion. Any
particles of dirt or asbestos shreds which are carried up toward the burners, are caught
by the gauze thimbles therein and prevented from passing up to the burner mouth.
These thimbles can be removed and cleaned when necessary. They also assist in
diminishing the noise produced by the burner.
If an unusually large quantity of oil passes down into the oil pocket, it may be
removed by opening the drip cock. For the purpose of replacing the mantles, or of
cleaning or adjusting the parts of the burner, the hemispherical glass globe may be
swung to one side by releasing the turn buckle, or in the other forms of lamp, the
top may be lifted off
During the operation of the lamp, however, the said globe does not need to be
removed, and the only air admitted to the globe is that coming down the mixing
tube in combination with the vapor. This protects the mantles from any cool drafts
of air whatsoever, and maintains them steadily at a high degree of incandescence. It
also protects the burner from any side drafts of air and causes the lamp to burn
steadily even if quite violently swung from side to side or lifted up and down.
The upward current of hot gases and such light rays as are radiated upward, are
focussed on the vaporizing tube by the reflecting heat shield.
In taking the lamp apart, the muffler is lifted off and the surrounding ring lifted
up, when the vaporizing tube may be withdrawn. When the burner itself is to be
taken out of the lamp, the mouth piece of the mixing tube is removed, and the nut
unscrewed, when the mixing tube and the burner supported thereby, may be removed
from the supporting frame. The burner and mantles may be adjusted at the proper
distance froin the vaporizing tube by adjusting the nut, and screwing up or down the
flange on the mixing tube.
The wire gauze covering the opening between the chimney and the smoke bell,
performs a double function, in that it prevents the flame from escaping from the lamp
when it flares up, as is sometimes the case when lighting the lamp or in case of

page_text: an accident. This is necessary to prevent accident by fire in certain localities, as for
instance in a cotton mill. It also stealies the upward flow of the heated gases, and.
to a limited extent, retards the same, so as to insure maintaining the vaporizing tube
in a uniforın bath of hot gases. It also prevents blasts of cold air from being forced
down the chimney, and keeps insects from entering and falling on to the inantles,
thereby ruining them.
A feather on the upper side of the vaporizing tube maintains it in the proper posi-
tion so that the jet discharged froin the opening will pass down the mixing tube.
The ring around the muffler holds the vaporizing tube in a fixed relation to the mixing
tube, and insures the centering of the discharge opening over the mouth of the
mixing tube.
The stove or radiator is formed by placing a fire-back faced with asbestos in an open-
front stove body, and arranging the vaporizing tube and burner with reference thereto.
The improved vaporizer with internal gauzes and filler is used. The mixing tube is
connected to the vaporizing tube by the interlocking arrangement described, and
extends down the side of the stove. The burner is a horizontal tube with one or
more rows of perforations along its upper side. From each of these perforations a long
thimble of blue flame shoots up along the fire-back to the vaporizing tube. There
being a row of these tongues of flaine, they unite in a labent sheet which covers
the face of the fireback and renders it incandescent. A powerful heat is thus thrown
out through the open front of the stove. A diaphragm or apron may extend from
the bottom of the fire front to the front of the stove so as to compel an up-draught
only along the face of the fireback. A stove pipe is connected to the back of the stove
in the ordinary way. Along the side of the burner tube is arranged the trough con-
taining alcohol and asbestos wicking, for the purpose of starting the stove and raising
the vaporizing tube to the temperature necessary to vaporize the oil in beginning.
operations.
The advantages of my improved apparatus and method have been in part set out
by the foregoing description, the action of the lamp is steady and absolutely un-
affected by external conditions of the atmosphere, etc. All the joints above the flame*
of the burners are either riveted or screwed, so that there is no danger of their meeting
and the lamp falling apart. All the principal parts of the lamp interlock one with
the other, and while firmly and positively held in place can be readily disengaged.
The most intense and perfect combustion is secured whereby the mantles are raised
to the highest degree of incandesence, and at the same time are protected from any
draughts of air or variations of temperature which might tend to shrink or crack
them.
If by any chance a particle of oil gets into the mixing tube, it is caught in the
fibrous material in the oil pocket, and slowly evaporated under the heat of the burner
parts, instead of being rapidly evaporated, as is the case where it is deposited on a
metallic surface and the lamp caused to flare up and smoke by the excess of vapour
thereby delivered to the burner.
Dated this 21st day of October 1898
'
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED).
Improvements in and relating to Vapour Burning Apparatus
1.
BAM
A communication from abroad by ARTHUR KITSON, of 1,050. Drexel Buildings,
Philadelphia, in the County of and States of Pennsylvania, United States, of
America, Civil Engineer.)
I, WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of 46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of London,
Consulting Engineer and Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of

page_text: this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to vapor-burning apparatus and is more specifically designed
to produce an improved form of suspension lamp employing one or more incandescent
mantles commonly known as Welsbach mantles, under which a mixture of kerɔsine
oil, vaporized by the heat of the lamp itself, is burned after admixture with a
regulated quantity of air.
The-invention-also-ineludes-an-improved--method--of--burning--such--vapor--in--a
easing-which-is--practically--air--tight,--with--the--exception--of--an--outlet--for--the
discharge-of-the-gases-of-combustion,-the-air-brought-in--in--combination--with--the
vapor-being-the-only-air-admitted-to-the-interior-of-the-lamp-
The invention also includes an improved form of portable lamp operating on the
same principle, and also an improved form of lamp to be mounted on a gas bracket,
so that a gas jet may be used to start the vaporizing apparatus into operation, or in
case of a breakdown of the vaporizing apparatus or oil supply, the lamp may be
burned with gas alone.
It also includes an improved arrangement for producing the initial vaporization of
the oil for starting the lamp by means of an electric current.
The invention further relates to an improved construction of the parts of the lamp,
whereby all soldered or braised joints exposed to the intense heat above the level of
the burners, are done away with, and riveted or screwed joints substituted, which
cannot possibly be melted by the heat of the lamp, and whereby the various parts of
the lamp interlock and are held firmly in their proper relative positions during the
operation of the lamp, and at the same time are capable of easy and prompt
disengagement and removal for purposes of replacement, repair, or cleaning.
The-invention-also-comprises-the-application-of-certain-of--the-novel--features--of
the-apparatus-to-an-improved-form-of-vapor-burning-stove.
The invention further relates to other important details of construction hereinafter
to be more fully described.
The preferred form of apparatus for embodying and carrying out the invention is
illustrated in the accompanying five sheets of drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a vertical central section of the lanp with parts assembled.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail showing the method of assembling the vaporizing tube,
the mixing tube, and adjacent parts.
Fig. 3,is a detail section taken at right angles to Fig. 1, showing the method of
attachment of the heat shield to the adjacent portions of the lamp.
Fig. 4 is an elevation and partial section of an improved form of portable lamp
operating in accordance with the invention.
Fig. 5 is a similar view of the form of lamp to be mounted on a gas bracket or
fixture.
Fig. 6 is a horizontal section corresponding to Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the vaporizing tube fitted with means for electrically
vaporizing the contained oil.
Figs. 8, 9, 10, 11,-and-12-illustrate-an-improved-form-of-vapor-burning--stove-to
which
certain-features-of-the-invention-are-applied.
Throughout the drawings like reference figures refer to like parts.
1 is the hanging or supporting rod by which the lamp is suspended. 2 is a heat
shield, having the cross-piece or bridge 3, in conjunction therewith, and the
openings 44 etc. for the passage of hot gases. 5 is a nut screwed on to the lower
end of the hanging rod 1, and supporting the heat shield and its co-operating bridge
piece 3. The inner surfaces of said heat shield are preferably covered with white
enamel, or other substance which will make a reflector capable of standing intense
heat; such coating is shown in Fig. 3 and marked 2a. 6 is an annular heat deflecting
plate to which the bridge piece 3 is attached by rivets 7. This plate 6 may also be
enamelled or otherwise treated, so as to serve as a light reflector as well as a heat..
deflector 8 is a chimney attached to the plate 6 by rivets 9, and 10 is a smoke bell
mounted on the sleeve 11, which is screwed on to the top of the hanging rod 1, and

page_text: which has the set screw 12, by which it is fastened on to the rod 13, provided at its
upper end with a ring 14.
The plate 6, chimney 8, bridge piece 3, and heat shield 2, form together a sup-
porting frame suspended from the ring 14. This frame supports on its under side
the hemispherical glass globe 15, which is mounted on the ring 16, attached at one
side to the plate 6 by the hinge 17, and at the other side by the turn buckle 18;
mounted in a projecting lug 19, and passing through a slot shaped opening 20 in the
plate 6. This turn buckle has projecting prongs 21, which pass through the plate 6
when parallel to the slot shaped opening 20, but which cannot be withdrawn when
turned crosswise of said opening...
A gasket 22 of asbestos or other suitable material is interposed between the ring 16
and the plate 6, and another gasket of similar material may be inserted between the
outwardly turned lip on the globe 15, and said supporting ring 16, so as to for in a
practically air tight connection between said globe 15 and the plate 6.
23 is a mixing tube extending down from the plate 6, to which it is attached by
means of the flange 24, and co-operating nut 25. The flange 24 is preferably made
adjustable by screwing it on the tube 23. This mixing tube has a horizontal
portion 26, supporting the two burner tubes 27-27, in which are placed thimbles
28-28 of wire gauze. Between the two burner tubes is located the baffle plate 29.
On the under side of the portion 26 of the mixing tube, and preferably directly
beneath the baffle plate 29, is the oil pocket 30, in which is a mass of absorbent
material 31, preferably asbestos fibre.
At the bottom of the oil pocket is an opening 32, controlled by some convenient
means, such as a drip cock, as shown. On the upper end of the burner tubes are the
gauze diaphragms 33-33, and over said burners are mounted Welsbach mantles 34,
supported by any convenient means, such as the wires 35-35 adjustably mounted at
the sides of the burners by means of the set screws 36-36.
37 is a shallow cup for alcohol surrounding the burners, or located adjacent thereto,
so as to come under the vaporizing tube, having a mass of asbestos 38 arranged
therein. 39 is a converging shell of wire gauze mounted on said cup, which serves to
focus the flame and heat of the burning alcohol used in starting the lamp, upon the
vaporizing tube above. 40 is a feeding funnel mounted on the outside of the plate 6,
having the plunger 41 closing the opening in the bottom thereof.
42 is a tube connecting said feeding funnel with the alcohol cup 37, and 43 is a
wick of asbestos fibre or other absorbent incombustible material, extending from said.
feeding funnel 40 to the alcohol cup 37. Said wick may pass through the side of
said feeding funnel if desired.
44 represents an enlarged mouth piece fitting into the upper end of the mixing
tube 23, having openings 45 in its upper portion for the adinission of air.
46 is a muffler lined with asbestos or lead or other non-resonant material, fitting
over the mouth of this mixing tube extension 44. 47 represents the vaporizing tube
having the internal closed tube 48 and gauze thimbles 49-49, the purpose of which
is among other things to steady the flow of vapor through the vaporizing tube and to
reduce the amount thereof contained in the vaporizing tube at any one time, and
consequently to render more complete the vaporization of the oil within the vaporizing
tube.
50 is a discharge opening formed in the under side of the vaporizing tube, over
the mouth of the mixing tube, and 51 is a feather on the other side of the vaporizing
tube, which engages with the slot 53 in the chimney, and keeps the vaporizing tube
in the proper position. The discharge opening 50 in the vaporizing tube is prefer-
ably inade, as clearly shown in all the drawings, and more specifically in Fig. 7, by
punching-up a portion of the tube wall. The purpose of this is to prevent particles
of carbon or other solid matter from accumulating in the discharge orifice, as they
tend to do when the said discharge orifice is in the shape of an outwardly extending
nozzle. Moreover, the making of the discharge orifice in the shape of a cone with
the smaller end projecting inwardly, renders it certain that any particle of matter
which goes through said small opening will be discharged freely, whereas if an orifice

page_text: of converging shape is used instead of one of diverging shape, particles of matter are
apt to pack in between the converging walls of the nozzle and interfere with the
free discharge of the jet of vapor.
54 is a similar s'ot in the other side of the chimney to perimit of the withdrawal
of the vaporizing tube. 52 is a ring slip ping over the mouth 44 of the mixing tube,
and fitting down into a notch 52 in the feather 51, as more clearly shown in Fig. 2.
55 is the oil supply tube, and 56 is a needle valve of any suitable construction
for controlling the flow of oil from said tube to the vaporizing tube 47 and delivering
the oil into the said tube in the form of a fine jet or spray. 57 is a strip
of wire gauze surrounding the opening between the top of chimney 8, and the smoke
bell 10. This is given the downwardly curved shape shown so as to form a receptacle
for any scale that may drop off the gauze and prevent it from falling down on the
mantles and ruining them.
The form of portable lamp or table lamp shown in Fig. 4, operates on the same
principle as the lamp shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, except that it has only one burner
and incandescent mantle, and is mounted on a base or pedestal 63, which supports a
reservoir 58, which may be partly filled with oil through the screw fastened opening 60.
The upper portion of the reservoir is then filled with compressed air through the
pipe 61, controlled by the valve 62. The pressure of this compressed air, which
should amount to about three atmospheres, forces the oil in the lower part of the
reservoir up through the tube 59 to the supply pipe 55. In this case the control
valve 56 is located at the base of the burner, as shown.
It will of course be understood that the kerosine is in all cases supplied to the
vaporizing tube under pressure, say one to three atmospheres above atmospheric
pressure.
In place of the hemispherical glass globe 15, a glass cylinder 15 is employed, which
rests on a circular plate 67, extending from the burner, in which is one or more
openings 64, for the purpose of lighting the lamp.
The form of lamp shown in Fig. 5 is designed to screw on and be supported from a
gas bracket by means of the internally threaded tip 65-otherwise the upper
portion of the lamp corresponds to the construction shown in Fig. 4. There is
shown, however, an additional plate 68, which underlies the supporting plate 67, and
which may be rotated thereon; this plate is provided with a series of holes 66, which
may be arranged under the holes 64 in the plate 67. When in such position a match
may be introduced to light the lamp and a supply of air may also enter to assist
combustion. Whenever no supply of air is needed in addition to that which goes
down the mixing tube 23, the plate 68 is turned as shown in Fig. 6, so that the
holes 66 and 64 are no longer in line, and no air is admitted to the interior of the
lamp globe except that which goes up through the burner.
When the lamp shown in Fig. 5 is mounted on a gas bracket, a supply of gas may
be turned on and lighted to produce the initial heating of the vaporizing tube, and
after said cylinder is hot enough to vaporize the oil admitted to it, the gas may be
shut off and the lamp will be a vapor burning lamp. In case the oil supply runs out
or the vaporizing apparatus fails to work, the gas may be again turned on and the
lamp burned as a gas lamp. In case also the lamp is merely mounted on the gas
bracket for convenience of location and the gas is entirely cut off from the house,
then the lamp may be started by burning a supply of alcohol introduced into the
alcohol cup. This is done in the case of any of the three lamps heretofore described,
by filling the feeding funnel 40 with alcohol, and then lifting the plunger 41, which
permits the measured quantity of alcohol to run through the tube 42 to the alcohol
cup 37, and just to fill the same and saturate the asbestos 38 therein contained.
In place of using the gas flame above described for producing the initial vaporization
of the oil, there may be employed an electric heater as shown in Fig. 7, where 70 is
a fine electrical conductor of German silver or other material of high resistance,
supported at one end on the hook 71, and at the other end in the mass of glass 72,
or other non-conducting material fused on to the wire, said material being enclosed
in the stuffing box 73, so as to make a vapor tight joint. This wire 70, extends

page_text: lengthwise through the vaporizing tube as shown, and is connected at its ends with
the terminals 74 and 75 of the electric circuit. It has been found that a battery of
six ordinary Leclanché cells will give enough current to vaporize the oil admitted
to the vaporizing tube and start the lamp into operation. This does away with the
inconvenience of using alcohol, and is especially useful in case of lamps located in
places difficult to be reached, as in the case of lamps suspended from the high ceiling
of a large hall.
Other-forms-of-electrical-heating-aparatus evidently might--be--employ-d--such
for--instance-as-a-modification-in-which-the-electrient-heating-coil-is--in-
Eseparate
vaporizing-chamber,-from-which-the--vapor--issues--in-a-jet-to-be-burned-under-the
vaporizing-tube-proper
When alcohol is used the asbestos wick 43 becomes saturated, and on applying a
light to it the flame runs down said wick to the alcohol cup and ignites the vapor of
alcohol there being generated. The heat thus generated is focussed upon the
vaporizing tube 47, by reason of the fact that the current of heated air flows directly
up through the chimney 8. In case the amount of air supplied through the mixing
tube 23, is not sufficient for the proper burning of the alcohol, the glass globe 15 may
be dropped down on the hinge 16 by releasing the turn buckle 18, and then after the
lamp is properly in operation the globe may be swung up again and locked in
position.
In the case of the arrangement shown in Fig. 5, the admission of air may be
controlled by rotating the plate 68, as before described.
When the vaporizing tube has been raised to the proper temperature the valve 56
is opened and the oil supply, by the tube 55, under pressure, is forced into the
vaporizing tube. It is there vaporized by the heat and a jet of vapor is discharged
from the opening 50, down the mixing tube 23. This jet draws a quantity of air with
it, and the mixed vapor and air is fed to the vapor burners 27-27. The vapor and
air emerging from said burners is ignited by the alcohol flame, and the incandescent
mantles become heated and give off a powerful white light. The heat of the upward
current of gases maintains the vaporizing tube at the proper temperature, and the
action of the lamp becomes self supporting.
The baffle plate 29 checks the flow of vapor and air in part, and equalizes the
pressure of the same at the two burners. Any particle of oil which passes through
the vaporizing tube without being vaporized, or which is condensed in the mixing
tube, drops into the fibrous material 31 in the oil pocket 30, and the forcing of the
current of vapor to turn a corner around the baffle plate, tends to assist in this
deposition of any drawn-in particles of liquid in the oil pocket.
The oil so deposited on the fibrous material 31, is gradually vaporized by the
passing current of air an and vapour and the heat of the metal parts of the lamp
and passes up through the burners for combustion. Any particles of dirt or asbestos
shreds which are carried up toward the burners, are caught by the gauze
thimbles 28-28, and prevented from passing up to the burner mouth. These
thimbles can be removed and cleaned when necessary. They also assist in diminishing
the noise produced by the burner.
If an unusually large quantity of oil passes down into the oil pocket, it may be
removed by opening the drip cock 32. For the purpose of replacing the mantles, or
of cleaning or adjusting the burner parts, the hemispherical glass globe 15 may be
swung to one side by releasing the turn buckle 18, or in the form of lamp shown in
Figs. 4 and 5, the top may be lifted off.
During the operation of the lamp, however, the said globe does not need to be
removed, and the only air admitted to the globe is that coming down the mixing
tube 23 in combination with the vapor. This protects the mantles from any cool
drafts of air whatsoever, and maintains them steadily at a high degree of incan-
descence. It also protects the burner from any side drafts of air and causes the lamp
to burn steadily even if quite violently swung from side to side or lifted up and
down.

page_text: The upward current of hot gases and such light rays as are radiated upward, are
focussed on the vaporizing tube by the reflecting heat shield 2.
The location of the vaporizing tube over the incandescent mantle and burner and
at the junction of the surrounding glass globe and the chimney, through which the
hot gases pass out, is important, as it subjects said vaporizing tube to a constant bath
of hot gases and renders it possible to vaporize kerosene oil and thus produce a lamp
which is non-explosive. The use of the incandescent mantle contributes to this
.result by rendering it possible to use a blue flame of intense heat giving power, so
that the heat given off, can, if desired, be raised almost to the point of melting the
upper parts of the lamp.
An ordinary luminous flame without the employment of an incandescent mantle,
would not be operative to vaporize kerosene oil, as it has not sufficient heat-giving
power. The blue flame is necessary, and as this is practically non-luminous, the
interposition of an incandescent mantle to transforin the heat into light, is necessary.
Thus it will be seen that all parts combine and operate together to produce
the novel result of a powerful light generated from kerosene oil vaporized under
pressure.
In taking the lamp apart, the muffler 46 is lifted off and the ring 52 lifted up, as
shown in Fig. 2, when the vaporizing tube may be withdrawn, as also indicated in
said figure. When the burner itself is to be taken out of the lamp, the mouth-piece 44
of the inixing tube is removed, and the nut 25 unscrewed, when the mixing tube
and the burner supported thereby, may be removed from the supporting frame. The
burner and mantles inay be adjusted at the proper distance from the vaporizing tube
by adjusting the nut 25, and unscrewing the flange 24 on the mixing tube 23. The
wire gauze 57, covering the opening between the chimney and the smoke bell, per-
forms a double function, in that it prevents the flame from escaping from the lamp
when it flares up, as is sometimes the case when lighting the lamp, or in the case of
accident. This is necessary to prevent accident by fire in certain localities, as for
instance in a cotton mill. It also steadies the upward flow of the heated gases, and
to a limited extent, retards the same, so as to insure maintaining the vaporizing tube
in a uniform bath of hot gases. It also prevents blasts of cold air from being forced
down the chimney, and keeps insects froin entering and falling on to the mantles and
thereby ruining thein.
The feather 51 on the side of the vaporizing tube maintains it in the proper posi-
tion so that the jet discharged from the opening 50, will pass down the mixing tube.
The ring 52 holds the vaporizing tube in a fixed relation to the mixing tube, and
insures the centering of the discharge opening 50 over the mouth of the mixing
tube.
The advantages of the improved apparatus and-method have been in part set out
by the foregoing description. As described, the action of the lamp is steady and
absolutely unaffected by external conditions of the atmosphere, etc. All the joints
above the flame of the burners are either riveted or screwed, so that there is no danger
of their melting and the lamp falling apart. All the principal parts of the lamp
interlock one with another, and while firmly and positively held in place can be
readily disengaged. The most intense and perfect combustion is secured, whereby
the inantles are raised to the highest degree of incandescence and at the same tine
are protected from any drafts of air or variations of temperature which might tend to
shrink or crack them.
If by any chance a particle of oil gets into the mixing tube, it is caught in the
material 31, and slowly evaporated, while if it were deposited on a metallic surface,
the lamp would flare up and smoke by reason of the excess of vapor thereby delivered
to the burner.
The--improved--form-of-vapor-burning-stove; to which certain of the features of the
hereinbetore-deseribed-apparatus-may-be-applied-and-practically-the-same-principle
of-operation-employed;-is-shown-in-Fige:-S-to-12-inclusive: 81-represents-the-body
of-the-stove,-which-has-an-opening-in-front-82,-with-an-ornamental grating-83-81
is--the-ordinary-store--pipe-connection--at-the-back:-85--is--an--inelined--firebaek

page_text: preferably-faced-with-some-refractory-incandescent-material-such-as-asbestos--fibre,
shown-at-SO.
The-vaporizing--tube-87;-extends--along-the-upper-part-of-the-fireback,-oil-being
supplied-to-it-by-the-supply-pipe-88,-controlled-by-the-valve-89.-00-represents-the
diseharge-opening-in-said-vaporizing-tube, opposite-the-month-of-the-mixing-tube-01,
which-lutter-is-provided-with-a-muffler-02,-all-in-the-manner-before-described:-At
the--lowest--point-in-the-mixing-tube-is-the-drip-cock-03.-04-represents-the-vapor
burners-preferably-made-in-the--form-of-a-long-tube-extending-along-and-adjacent
to-the-lower-portion-of-the-firebaek,-and-provided-in--its-upper--surface-with-one-or
more-rows-of-perforations-05.-06-is-a-shallow-trough-adjacent-to-the-burner-tube;
containing-a-mass-of-asbestos-fibre-96-97-is-a-wire-gauze-thimble--located-in-that
end-of-the-vapor-tube-to-which-the-mixture-of-air-and-vapor-is-delivered.-85'-is-a
diaphragm-or-apron-extending-from-the-bottom-of-the--firebaek--to-the-front-of-the
store-body-se-as-to-compel-all-of-the-air-which-enters-through-the-open-front-of-the
stove-to-pass-up-along-the-face-of-the-fireback:
The-operation-of-the-above- described-apparatus--will-be-evidently-similar-to-that
of-the-before-deseribed-vaporizing-and-vapor-burning.lamp.
In--starting--the--stove,--alcohol-is-poured-into-the-trough-06;-saturating--the
so-that-when-oil-is-admitted-through-the-valve-89,-it-will-be-vaporized-and-the-jet
discharged-from-the-opening-00,--will--draw-the-necessary-amount-of-air-into-the
mixing-tube-01,-and-the-mixture-of-air-and-vaper-supplied-to--the-burner-tube-01;
asbestos-06-and-the-vapor-thereof-lighted. This-will-heat-the-vaporizing-tube-87,
will-issue-from-the-perforations-00,-in-a-series-of-long-tongues-of-blue-flame:-These
raise-the-asbestos-SC-to-a-high-degree-of-heat-and-incandescence,-and-maintain-the
vaporizing-tube-87-at-the-necessary-temperature-to-continue-the-vaporization-of-oil:
An-immense-volume-of-heat-is--thrown--out--through-the-opening-82,-the-firebaek
facing-being-covered--by--a-broad-sheet-of--lambent flame-in-which-the-fibres-of
asbestos-are-maintained-at-a-brilliant-white-heat,-presenting-a-most-pleasing-effect
to-the-eyer
The function of the muffler 46, with its lining of non-resonant inaterial in the lamp,
and-the-similar-muffler-02-in-the-stove, is to reduce the hissing noise which the
vapor jet would otherwise make by setting the resonant metal of the adjacent parts
into vibration.
I desire it to be understood that it is an essential feature of my invention so far
as relates to the vaporizing tube that it or the main operative part of it shall be
arranged substantially as hereinbefore described and as shown in the accompanying
drawings that is to say across the path of the outflowing products of combustion in
proximity to the flame and horizontal or approximately horizontal and not vertical
or at a small angle to the vertical. And further that my invention relates solely to
apparatus for rendering mantles and the like incandescent by flames of vaporized
kerosine or similar burning oil.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that, subject
to the above disclaiming note, what I claim is:—
1. In-a-vapor-burning-lamp,-the-combination--of-the-burner-and-connexions, the
ineandescent-mantle-therefor,-the--translucent--globe-or-eylinder--surrounding--said
ineandeseent-mantle,-the-refleeter-mounted--over-said-burner--and--resting--on--said
globe-or-erlinder-and-having-a-central-opening-for-the-passage-of-hot-gases, and
vaporizing-tube-extending-across-said-opening,-substantially-as-described.
the
2. In-a-vapor-burning-lamp, the combination-of-the-burner and its connexions, the
globe-or-linder-of--translucent-material-surrounding said-burner, the-chimney
mounted-above said-globe-or-eylinder, and-the-vaporizing tube-located between-said
globe-or-eylinder-and-the-chimney, substantially-as-described.
3: A-vapor burning-attachment-for-a-gas-fixture,-consisting-of-the-combination
of-a-vaporizing-tube-supported-over-said-fixture,-a-mixing-tube--extending--from--a
point-in-front-of-the-end-of-the-raporizing-tube-to-the-burner,-the-burner-mounted

page_text: on-the-gas-
as-described.
xturezana-a-passage may discharging-gas-fate-baumer, suvstantiany
1. 4. In a vapour-burning lamp, the combination of the vapour burner, the
vaporizing tube, and electrical means for vaporizing oil for the purpose of starting
the lamp into action, substantially as described.
5:
In-a-vapor-burning-lamp,-the-combination-of-the-vaper-burner,-the-ineundes-
eent-mantle-therefor,-the-enelosing-air-tight-easing-having-only-an-outlet-of-restricted
eross-section-for-the-gases-of-combastion-just--sufficient -to--earry-off-said-gases;-but
Hot-large-enough-to-permit-the-entry-of-outside--air--and--the--mixing--tube--which
extends-from-the-exterior-of-the-easing-and-connects-to-the-burners-substantially-as
described.
6. In-a-vapor-burning-apparatus,-the--combination--of-the-burner;-the--enelosing
ensing, the-nleohel-eup-adjacent-to-said-burner,-and-the--wiek--of--absorbent--ineem-
bustible-substance-extending-from-the-aleohol--enp--to--and--through--the--enelosing
easing,-substantially-as-described:
7. In-a-vapor-burning-apparatus;-the-combination--of--the--burner,--the--enelosing
easing,-the-alcohol-eup-adjacent-to-said-burner,-and-the-wick-of--absorbent--ineem-
bustible-substanee-extending-from-the-alcohol--cup--to--and--through--the--enelosing
easing-together-with-the-feeding-funnel-mounted-on-the--exterior--of--the--enelosing
eusing-and-connected-by-a-tube-with-the-aleohol-eup,-in--which--feeding--funnel--the
outer-end-of-the-above-described-wiek-is-placed,-substantially-as-described:
8. In-a-vapor-burning-lamp,-the-combination-of-the-vapor-burner-the-incandescent
mantle-therefor-the-enclosing-air-tight-easing-having--an-outlet--for-the--gases--of
combustion,-the-mixing-tube--extending--from--the--exterior-of-the-easing-and-con-
neeting-with-the-burners-the-alcohol-eup-adjacent-to-the burner, the-feeding.funnel
mounted-on-the-exterior-of-the-easing-and-connected-by-a-tube-with the-alcohol-eup,
and--the-wiek--of--absorbent--ineombustible--material--extending--from--the--feeding
funnel-to-the-alcohol-eup,-substantially-as-described.
9: In-a-vapor-burning-lamp,-the-combination-of-the-vapor-burners,-mantles-there-
for-the-euelosing-easing,-the-chimney,-the-smoke-bell;-and-the-wire gauze-surround-
ing-the-opening--between--the-top-of-the--chimney-and-the-smoke-bell-and-down-
wardly-enrved-so-as-to-prevent-seale-from-the-gauze-from-falling-upon-the-mantles,
substantially-as-deseribed:
10. In-a-vapor-burning-lamp--the combination--of--the-burners-the-mixing-tube
tube--and--burners;-and-a--mass-of--absorbent material-in-said-poeket,-whether-or
the-oil-poeket-located-below-and-centrally-to-the-points-of-connexion between-mixing
not--the--said--peeket--be--provided-with-an-outlet-at-the-bottom, substantially-as
deseribed:
1. In-a-vapor-burning-lamp,-the-combination--of-the--burners;-the-mixing-tube,
the-oil-poeket-loeated-below-and-centrally-to-the-points-of-connexion-between-mixing
tube-and-burners-a-mass-of-absorbent-material--in-said-pocket,-which-is-provided
with-an-outlet-at-the-bottom,-and-the-removable-gauze-thimble-in-the-burner-tube;
substantially-as-described:
12. In-a-vapor-burning-apparatus, the combination-of-the-two-burners, the-mixing
tube-extending-along. and--connecting-with-each--burner--tube;-and-the-buffle-plate
leeated-in-said-mixing-tube-between-said-burner-tubes;-substantially-as-described.
2. 13. In a vapor-burning apparatus, the combination of the two burners, the
mixing tube extending along and connecting with each burner tube, and the baffle
plate located in said mixing tube between said burner tubes, together with the oil
pocket in said mixing tube directly beneath said baffle plate, and a mass of absorbent
inaterial in said pocket, substantially as described.
3. 14. In a vapor-burning apparatus, the combination of the mixing tube, the
vaporizing tube extending into the same at an angle thereto, and provided with a
recess on its exterior adjacent to said mixing tube, and a ring adapted to slip over said
mixing tube and engage said recess on the vaporizing tube.
4.5. The combination in a vapor-burning lamp of the supporting frame, the

page_text: mixing tube, and the vaporizing tube, each of said parts interlocking with another
but devoid of permanent fastenings one to another, substantially as described.
5. 16. The combination in a vapor-burning lamp, of the supporting frame and a
removable vaporizing tube provided with a longitudinally extending feather which
engages a slot in the supporting fraine, substantially as described.
6. The combination in a vapor-burning lamp, of the supporting frame, and a
removable vaporizing tube provided with a feather which engages a slot in the sup-
porting frame, said vaporizing tube being provided with a discharge opening on one
side and the feather serving to fix the direction of the jet discharged from said
opening, substantially as described.
chimney;-and-heat
18. The combination,-in-a-vapor-burning-lamp-of-the-reflector,
shield; forming-a--supporting-frame--the--vaporizing-tube--extending--aerose--the
ehimney--and--under-the-heat--shield,-and--the--hanging--rod--attached--to-said-hent
shield;-substantially-as-described:
10.
The--method--of--burning--hydrocarbon-vapor,-which-consists-in-the-following
steps-+--first;-vaporizing-the-hydrocarbon-by-heat---secondly, mixing-the-vapor-with
the necessary-quantity-of-air-to-support-combustion-prior-to-such-combustion--and,
thirdly, burning--the--mixture-in-an-air-tight-ensing--having-only-un--outlet-of
restricted-eross-section--for-the--disebarge-of-the--gases--of-combustion,-said-outlet
Leins-just-large-enough-to-earry-off-said-gases-but-not-large-enough--to-permit--the
entry-of-outside-air.
7. 29. As an article of manufacture, in lamps of the type specified in the above
disclaiming note, a vaporising tube for vapor-burning apparatus, closed at the
discharge end, and having a discharge opening in its side consisting of a re-entrant
portion of the wall of the tube, conical in shape, and perforated at its apex, sub-
stantially as described.
8. 21. As an article of manufacture, in lamps of the type specified in the above
disclaiming note, a vaporizing tube for vapor-burning apparatus, having a discharge
opening which flares outwards only, substantially as described.
922. The combination of the vaporizing tube and the internal filler of a diameter
slightly less than the internal diameter of the tube, the filler being closed to the
passage of gas therethrough, substantially as described.
10. 23. The combination of the vaporizing tube and the internal filler of a
diameter slightly less than the internal diameter of the tube, together with the gauze
strainers located in the ends of the tube, substantially as described.
11. 24. In a vapor-burning apparatus,. the combination of the vaporising tube
exposed to the direct action of the burner, the oil-supply tube, and the needle valve
controlling the passage of oil from the supply tube to the vaporizing tube, and
adapted to discharge the oil into the vaporizing tube in the form of a fine jet or
spray, substantially as described.
12. 25. In a vapor-burning apparatus, the combination of the vaporizing tube, the
oil-supply tube, and the needle valve controlling the passage of oil from the supply
tube to the vaporizing tube and adapted to discharge the oil into the vaporizing tube
in the form of a fine jet or spray, together with the wire gauze within the vaporizing
tube, substantially as described.
13. 26. In a vapor-burning apparatus, the combination of the vaporizing tube, the
oil supply tube, and the needle valve controlling the passage of oil from the supply
tube to the vaporizing tube, and adapted to discharge the oil into the vaporizing
tube in the form of a fine jet or spray, with the wire gauze within the vaporizing
tube, and the filler located in the tube beyond said gauze, substantially as described.
27. In-a-rapor--burning-apparatus,-the--combination--of-the--vapor-barner and
connexio-s-the-vaporizing-tube-within-the-heating--zone--thereof,-the-mixing-tube
into-which-the-vaporizing-tube-discharges, and-the-muffler-made-with-non-resonant
material-plaeed-over the-air-inlet-to-said-mixing-tube,-substantially-as-described.
14. 28. In a vapor-burning apparatus, the combination of the vapor burner and
connexions, the vaporizing tube within the heating zone thereof, the mixing tube into

page_text: which the vaporizing tube discharges, and the muffler made with non-resonant
material placed over the air inlet to said mixing tube, together with means for
breaking up the inrushing current of air into a number of separate streams, sub-
stantially as described.
29. The-combination-with-a-vapor-burning-apparatas--of-an-air-and-vapor-mixing
tube-formed-of-non-resonant-materials,-substantially-as-deseribed.
15. 30 In a vapor-burning apparatus, the combination of the vapor-burner and
connexions, the incandescent mantle therefor, the vaporizing tube above the mantle,
the alcohol cap besides the burner, and the gauze shield which is mounted on said
cup and concentrates the flame on the vaporizing tube, substantially as described.
31. In-a-vapor-burning-apparatus,-the-combination-with-the-fireback-of-refractory
material-of-the--burner--tube--adjacent--to--the-lower--part-of-the-fireback;-and-the
vaporizing-tube-loeated-above-the-burner--tube--and--also--adjacent--to-the--fireback,
substantially-as-described:
32 34: In--a-vapor--burning--apparatus,--the--combination,--with-the-firebaek-of
refractory-material;-of-the-burner-tube-provided-with-a--series--of-perforations-at-its
upper-side--adjacent-to-the--lower--part-of-the-fire--baek-and-the-vaporizing-tube
loeated-above-the-burner-tube--and--also--adjacent--to- the--firebaek, substantially-as
described-
33 35: In-a--vapor--burning--apparatus,--the--combination;--with--the-fireback-of
refractory-material,-of-the-burner-tube-provided-with-a-series-of-perforations-in-its
upp-r-side--adjacent--to-the--lower--purt--of--the--fireback--and--the-vaporizing-tube
toeated-above-the-burner-tube-and--also--adjacent--to-te-fireback;-together-with-an
alcohol--trough--extending--along--the--side--of--the--burner--tube;--substantially--us
described:
34 36. In-a-vapor-burning-apparatus;-the-combination-of-the-stove-body-having
an-open-front;-a-fireback-set--in--said--store-body,-a-vaporizing-tube-in-front-of-and
adjacent--ts--said- firebaek-the--burner--tube--adjacent--to--and--in-front-of-the-lower
pa t-of-said--fireback,--and--the--connexion--between-said--tubes;--substantially--as
deseribed;
35 37: The-combination-of-the-store-body-having-an-open-front,-a-firebaek-et-in
said-stove-body-a-vaporizing-tube-in--front--of--and--adjacent--to--said--fireback;-the
burner-tube--adjacent--to--and--in-front-of-the-lower-part-of-said-firebaek,-and-the
connection-between said-tubes, together-with-a-diaphragm-extending-from-the-bottom
of-the-fireback-to-the-front-of-the-stove-body;-substantially-as-described.
16. 36. Vapour-burning apparatus constructed, arranged arrange and operating as
herein before described with reference to and as shown respectively in Figs. 1, 2,
and 3, in Fig. 4, and in Figs. 5 and 6, and-in-Figs.-S-to-12-inclusive, of the
accompanying drawings.
17. 37. An electrical vaporizer constructed and arranged as hereinbefore described
with reference to and shown in Fig. 7 of the accompanying drawing.
Tl 1000
W. LLOYD WISE
56 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C. Chartered Patent Agent.