An Improved Valve-gear for Steam and other Engines.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 27th June, 1895-Accepted, 16th Nov., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Valve-gear for Steam and other Engines.
I. KAJETAN MOSCICKI, of Dobra 47, Warsaw. in Poland, Russia, Inventor,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My invention has relation to steam and other engines and in such connection it
relates particularly to a controller adapted to regulate the expansion of an elastic
fluid or liquid in the engine and also the direction of motion or rotation of the
engine.
Hitherto the simplest and most convenient devices for opening and closing the
inlet and outlet ports of the engine have been, what are known as slides of different
constructions operated by eccentrics connected with a shaft, but such a mechanism
depended for a change in the expansion, as well as direction of rotation of the
engine entirely upon a change of the angle of inclination of the eccentrics of the
shaft of the engine. It is absolutely necessary that it should be possible to
regulate the engine at will and at any time and to change the angle of inclination
of the eccentrics thereof during operation of the same. This result in the known
types of engines is attained by different connecting links, which notwithstanding.
their complications do not perform their functions with any degree of accuracy or
perfection.
The principal object of my invention is to provide a controller for an engine of
simple and effective action and in which changes in the expansion of the elastic
fluid or gases of the engine are under absolute control, as well as the direction of
rotation of movable parts of the engine, during the operation of the engine."
My invention consists of a controller for a steam or other engine constructed
and arranged in the manner hereinafter described and claimed.
The nature and scope of my invention will be more fully understood from the
following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings-forming:
part hereof; and in which
Figure 1, is a vertical section through a controller embodying features of my
invention for a certain hereinafter specified purpose.
Figure 2, is a front elevational view of the same.
Figure 3, is a vertical section through a modified form thereof for other defined
purposes; and
Figure 4, is a view partly in section and partly in end elevation of the
construction of mechanism of my invention as illustrated in Fig. 3.
Referring to the drawings, A is the driven shaft of the engine, to which is rigidly
secured a gear wheel B, meshing with two other gear wheels C and D, having
motion imparted thereto from the gear wheel B, of the driven shaft A: The
shafts c and d of the gear wheel C and D, are carried by a lever E, having a
The diameter of the gear
certain range of rotary movement on the shaft A.
wheels depends upon requirements of the engine. If, for instance the eccentrics
are required to make a certain number of revolutions corresponding to the number
of revolutions of the driven shaft A, it will be necessary to make the diameter of
said wheels C and D, equal to the diameter of the gear wheel B, but on the other
hand, if one revolution of the eccentric is to equal two revolutions of the shaft A,
for instance, in the case of the employment of said controller in connection with
gas engines, the diameter of said gear wheels C and D must be twice as great as

page_text: the said gear wheel B. The gear wheels C and D, are provided with bolts c and d³,
which are connected with one another by means of an arm F, having a centrally
arranged bolt f¹, forming a connection with the rod G, of a slide. It will be
readily understood in connection with Fig. 2 of the drawings, that if the diameter
of the wheels B. C. and D are equal, as shown, the bolt fi will describe a circle at
each revolution of the shaft A, so that the slide valve is moved its full necessary
distance at each such revolution, and in order to change the position of said valve
relatively to the crank it is only necessary to move or partially revolve the lever E
to one side or the other a sufficient distance. By these means the "lead" and
"cut off" of the slide valve may be regulated as desired. Since all possible and
necessary positions of the slide are obtained by a rotation of the eccentric to 180°,
the lever E therefor will only be allowed to have rotary movement of 90°. In
order to prevent any friction on the shaft A, by the movement of the lever E, the
axle of said lever will be carried by a bracket H. It may be here remarked that
the axis of said bracket is in alignment with that of the shaft A. The rotary
movement of the lever E, is obtainable by a hand action or by means of the
governor of. the engine. The mechanism hereinbefore described is employed only
when located at the end of the shaft A. In many instances, however, the shaft of
the engine will be caused to pass. through the eccentric. In such case, it will be
necessary to change the construction of the mechanism in the manner illustrated
in Figures 3 and 4. This mechanism differs from that hereinbefore described, in
that the rod of the slide G, instead of being connected by a bolt, with the arm F,
is provided with a ring J, having a sufficient interior diameter to prevent by its
movements any collision with the shaft A. If the controller consists of two slides,
(one of them is the main or general slide and the other the distributing slide), and
when so used it is necessary in order to operate both of them to provide each with
mechanism such as above described, but if a change in the direction of rotation
of the machine is not necessary, one of said mechanisms will be sufficient for the
intended purposes. The advantages derived by the use of the described mechanism
are first, effective action due to simplicity of parts of the mechanism, and reduction
of friction upon the parts, whereby little or no wear upon the engine is entailed
and thus the life of the same much prolonged and far better continuous working
ensured.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A controller for steam and other engines, comprising a gear wheel mounted.
on a shaft, two other gear wheels actuated by said gear wheel, a movable lever, an
arm or ring provided with a rod and a slide, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
2. A controller for steam and other engines, comprising a series of gear wheels
of the same or different diameters with respect to each other, a movable lever and
bolts, an arm or ring and a rod provided with a slide, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
Dated this 27th day of June 1895
HORN, SON & Co.,
Applicant's Agents.