Improvements relating to the Repair of Asphalt Pavements and to Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 26th July, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Aug.. 1893-Accepted, 30th Sept., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to the Repair of Asphalt Pavements and to
Apparatus therefor.
1, AMOS HENRY PERKINS, of 36 La Salle Street, Chicago Illinois, United
States of America, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to the repairing or patching of asphaltum pavements, and
the primary object of my invention is to so effect such repairs as to entirely
dispense with the use of tar or pitch as a cement or solder for uniting the new
material to the old and thus render the repaired places in the pavement
undistinguishable from the rest of the same and also insure a perfect uniformity in
quality of all parts of the pavement, and I furthermore avoid the common defect of
separation by beat, cold and other inclemencies, of the new material from the
remainder of the pavement.
A further primary object of my invention is to produce an apparatus by means of
which my improved method can be effectively carried out, and which can be easily
operated, is readily portable in its character, and which will also be under the
complete control of an attendant.
To the above purposes my invention consists first in the peculiar and novel method
of repairing asphaltum pavements, and secondly in the peculiar and novel apparatus
for carrying out said method, as hereinafter described.
Previous to my present invention, it has been customary, in repairing or patching
asphaltum pavements, to cut out and entirely remove the worn or injured material
from the body of the pavement so as to expose the lower stratum of the same
After the opening thus formed has been made it is thoroughly cleaned out and the
bottom of the opening as well as the adjacent margins of the pavement are coated
with hot tar or pitch. Fresh asphaltum in a properly prepared condition is then
placed in the opening and is spread as evenly as possible therein so as to join with
the edges of the original pavement; the coating of the pitch or tar being melted
by the heated fresh material and serving to cement or unite the fresh material to
the original pavement. This previous method of repairing asphaltum pavements is
objectionable principally for the reason that the expansion and contraction of the
new material due to heat and cold quickly effect a separation at the point of
cemented, union and thus speedily renders the pavement useless at the repaired
spots. Furthermore it has been found extremely difficult to preserve a uniform
level between the repaired material and the material of the original pavement, and
finally the repaired spots or patches present an unsightly appearance.
As will be seen from the ensuing description, I have produced a method and an
apparatus whereby all of the above defects are entirely avoided; the repaired
pavement being equally as durable and in all respects of as uniform quality as was
the original pavement, the uniformity and level of the pavement being perfectly
preserved and the repaired places or patches being entirely undiscernable.
In accordance with my method, I first heat the surface of that portion of the
pavement which has become worn or injured, and also of the parts of the original
of pavement immediately adjacent thereto and I then remove a comparatively
slight or shallow portion of the surface of such injured material and of the
adjacent original material of the pavement. Having then suitably prepared a
proper quantity of fresh material I place the same in a heated state in the
depression in the pavement and intimately commingle with such fresh material
•

page_text: those portions which remain in the depression and also the adjacent portions of
the original pavement immediately. surrounding the depression. Finally I iron
off or finish in any of the customary ways the surface of the fresh material and the
adjacent surface of the original material of the pavement.
The apparatus comprises a tank or reservoir which may be of any suitable or
preferred form and which is adapted to contain gasoline or any other similar
inflammable liquid. This tank is mounted upon suitable wheels the supporting
frame work carried by the wheels being provided at its rear end with a suitable
handle which is to be grasped by an attendant in guiding the movements of the
apparatus. At one end of the tank is located a board or bracket which is supported
by braces connected to the handle and upon this board is supported an air pump of
any suitable or preferable type, having an operating handle and provided also with
an outlet pipe leading from the pump into the top of the tank or reservoir.
From the bottom of the tank or reservoir and adjacent to the opposite end
thereof is an outlet pipe which is provided with a suitable valve. A series of
horizontal pipes are connected together at one end by another pipe and are supported
by the cross bars or braces; such braces being supported from the tank by other
suitable braces. Each of these pipes may be provided with a valve for cutting out
all of the burners thereof simultaneously. Extending from each of the horizontal
pipes are short pipes or spurs and at the end of each of these pipes or spurs is
placed a burner which may be of any desired construction suitable for the require-
ments of the work which they are to do; each of said burners being controlled by
a separate valve. These burners are preferably of the usual or any preferred form
suitable for producing a blast with a gasoline vapor fame.
Each
Supported by and depending from the cross bars is a hood or shield, each burner
passing through an orifice in this hood and protruding beneath the same.
orifice through which one of the burners passes is somewhat larger than the burner
so that an ample quantity of oxygen may be supplied to the burner to ensure
proper combustion. Connecting with the outlet pipe is a pressure gauge by means
of which an attendant operating the air pump above described can readily observe
the amount of pressure in the tank and maintain such pressure.
In using the above described apparatus, an attendant grasps the handle of the
same and pushes the apparatus before him to the place which has been opened in
the asphaltum pavement; the parts of the apparatus being so arranged as to
completely balance the apparatus as a whole upon its carrying wheels. Having
ignited the oil at the burners the attendant operates the air pump so as to force the
flame in the form of jets downward upon the surface of the asphaltum pavement,
moving the apparatus about so as to properly soften or melt the pavement adjacent
to the opening which has been made therein. Ordinarily the attendant can soften the
entire surface of the pavement adjacent to the opening, but if the opening be of
unusual size he should soften a certain amount of the surface and then proceed to
soften the remaining portion or portions; the workmen in the meantime uniting the
softened portions to the repairing material in the proper manner.
The fresh material is placed in the opening formed by removing the injured
material and by means of rakes or equivalent utensils the softened portion of the
original pavement is broken up and intimately mixed with the fresh material so that
no distinguishable line of juncture is formed between the fresh material and the
original pavement. After the operation just described has been completed the
surface of the pavement is to be finished by means of the usual irons or in any other
or preferable manner.
I desire it to be particularly understood that in so far as the method itself is
concerned either the apparatus above described or any suitable apparatus may be
employed for softening by heat the material composing the original pavement and
located adjacent to the opening which is formed by removing the worn or injured
material. I also desire it to be further understood that any desired changes may
be made in the apparatus itself, involving omissions as well as additions of parts
to the apparatus and that any suitable fluid fuel may be employed, such as gas

page_text: or oil for generating the heat or flame for softening the material of the pavement
as above described.
Dated this 26th day of July 1893
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to the Repair of Asphalt Pavements and to
Apparatus therefor.
I, AMOS HENRY PERKINS, of 36 La Salle Street, Chicago, Illinois, United
States of America do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained, in
and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to the repairing or patching of asphaltum pavements, and
the primary object of my invention is to so effect such repairs as to entirely dispense
with the use of tar or pitch as a cement or solder for uniting the new material to the
old and, thus render the repaired places in the pavement undistinguishable from
the rest of the same and also insure a perfect uniformity in quality of all parts
of the pavement, and I furthermore avoid the common defect of separation of the
new material from the remainder of the pavement, by heat, cold and other
inclemencies.
A further primary object of my invention is to produce an apparatus by means
of which my improved method can be effectively carried out and which can be
easily operated, is readily portable in its character, and which will also be under
the complete control of an attendant.
To the above purposes my invention consists first in the peculiar and novel method
of repairing asphaltum pavements, and secondly in the peculiar and novel apparatus
for carrying out the said method, as hereinafter described.
My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which,
Figure 1 is a side elevation of an apparatus embodying my invention.
Figure 2 is a rear elevation of the same.
Figure 3 is a plan view of the same.
Previous to my present invention, it has been customary, in repairing or patching
asphaltum pavements, to cut out and entirely remove the worn or injured material
from the body of the pavement so as to expose the lower stratum of the same.
After the opening thus formed has been made it is thoroughly cleaned out and the
bottom of the opening as well as the adjacent margins of the pavement are coated
with hot tar or pitch. Fresh asphaltum in a properly prepared condition is then
placed in the opening and is spread as evenly as possible therein so as to join with
the edges of the original pavement; the coating of the pitch or tar being melted by
the heated fresh material and serving to cement or unite the fresh material to the
original pavement.
This previous method of repairing asphaltum pavements is objectionable
principally for the reason that the expansion and contraction of the new material
due to heat and cold quickly effect a separation at the point of cemented union and
thus speedily renders the pavement useless at the repaired spots. Furthermore it
has been found extremely difficult to preserve a uniform level between the repaired
material and the material of the original pavement, and finally the repaired spots or
patches present an unsightly appearance.
As will be seen from the ensuing description, I have produced a method and an
apparatus whereby all of the above defects are entirely avoided; the repaired
pavement being equally as durable and in all respects of as uniform quality as was
the original pavement, the uniformity and level of the pavement being perfectly
preserved and the repaired places or patches being entirely undiscernable.
In accordance with my method, I first heat the surface of that portion of the

page_text: pavement which has become worn or injured, and also of the parts of the original of
pavement immediately adjacent thereto and I then remove a comparatively slight or
shallow portion of the surface of such injured material and of the adjacent original
material of the pavement. Having then suitably prepared a proper quantity of
fresh material I place the same in a heated state in the depression in the pavement
and intimately commingle with such fresh material those portions which remain in
the depression and also the adjacent portions of the original pavement immediately
surrounding the depression. Finally I iron off or finish in any of the customary
ways the surface of the fresh material and the adjacent surface of the original
material of the pavement.
Referring to the drawings A designates a tank or reservoir which may be of any
suitable or preferred form and which is adapted to contain gasoline or any other
similar inflammable liquid. This tank A is mounted upon suitable wheels B, the
supporting frame work carried by the wheels being provided at its rear end with a
suitable handle C which is to be grasped by an attendant in guiding the movements
of the apparatus. At one end of the tank is located a board or bracket E which is
supported by braces D connected to the handle C and upon this board E is
supported an air pump F of any suitable or preferable type, having an operating
handle and provided also with an outlet pipe "leading from the pump into the
top of the tank or reservoir.
From the bottom of the tank or reservoir A and adjacent to the opposite end
thereof is an outlet pipe G which is provided with a suitable valve g. H designates
a series of horizontal pipes, four of such pipes being shown, which are connected
together at one end by the pipe and are supported by the cross bars or braces J;
such braces being shown as supported from the tank by other suitable braces .J¹
and J. Each of these pipes H may be provided with a valve H' as indicated for
example in dotted lines in Figure 3, for cutting out all of the burners thereof
simultaneously.. Extending from each of the horizontal pipes H are short pipes or
spurs hand at the end of each of these pipes or spurs is placed a burner 2 which
may be of any desired construction suitable for the requirements of the work which
they are to do; each of said burners being controlled by a separate valve h³.
These burners are preferably of the usual or any preferred form suitable for
producing a blast with a gasoline vapor flame.
Supported by and depending from the cross bars J is a hood or shield K, each
burner passing through an orifice in this hood and protruding beneath the same.
Each orifice through which one of the burners passes is somewhat larger than the
burner so that an ample quantity of oxygen may be supplied to the burner to insure
proper combustion. Connecting with the outlet pipe is a pressure gauge M by
means of which an attendant operating the air pump above described can readily
observe the amount of pressure in the tank A and maintain such pressure.
In using the above described apparatus, an attendant grasps the handle of the
saine and pushes the apparatus before him to the place which has been opened in
the asphaltum pavement; the parts of the apparatus being so arranged as to
completely balance the apparatus as a whole upon its carrying wheels. Having
ignited the oil at the burners 2, the attendant operates the air pump F so as to
force the flame in the form of jets downward upon the surface of the asphaltum
pavement, moving the apparatus about so as to properly soften or melt the pavement
adjacent to the opening which has been made therein. Ordinarily the attendant
can soften the entire surface of the pavement adjacent to the opening, but if the
opening be of unusual size he should soften a certain amount of the surface and then
proceed to soften the remaining portion or portions; the workmen in the meantime
uniting the softened portions to the repairing material in the proper manner.
The fresh material is placed in the opening formed by removing the injured
material and by means of rakes or equivalent utensils the softened portion of the
original pavement is broken up and intimately mixed with the fresh material so that
no distinguishable line of juncture is formed between the fresh material and the
original pavement. After the operation just described has been completed the

page_text: surface of the pavement is to be finished by means of the usual irons or in any other
or preferable manner.
I desire it to be particularly understood that in so far as the method itself is
concerned either the apparatus above described or any suitable apparatus may be
employed for softening by heat the material composing the original pavement and
located adjacent to the opening which is formed by removing the worn or injured
material. I also desire it to be further understood that any desired changes may be
made in the apparatus itself, involving omissions as well as additions of parts to the
apparatus and that any suitable fluid fuel may be employed, such as gas or oil for
generating the heat or flame for softening the material of the pavement as above
described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The method of repairing asphalt pavements, which consists in subjecting the
spot to be repaired to heat, adding new material, and smoothing and burnishing it,
substantially as described.
2. The method of repairing asphalt pavements, which cousists in subjecting the
spot to be repaired to heat until the material is softened, agitating it and mixing
with it new material, and finally smoothing and burnishing it, substantially as
described.
3. In an apparatus for repairing asphalt pavements, the combination of a series
of burners and means for movably supporting the same in close proximity to the
pavement, substantially as described.
4. In an apparatus for repairing asphalt pavements, the combination of a series
of hooded burners and means for movably supporting the same in close proximity
to the pavement, substantially as described.
5. In an apparatus for repairing asphalt pavements, the combination of a series
of hooded, fluid burners, and a reservoir for supplying fuel thereto, said reservoir
and burners being mounted upon a wheeled frame, and the burners being supported
in close proximity to the pavement, substantially as described.
6. In an apparatus for repairing asphalt pavements, the combination of a series
of hooded fluid burners supported in close proximity to the ground, of a reservoir
for supplying fuel to the burners and means for applying pressure to the fuel to
force it to the burners, and a wheeled frame for carrying the apparatus, substan-
tially as described.
7. In an apparatus for repairing asphalt pavements, the combination of a fuel
reservoir, a pump for exerting a pressure on the fuel therein, a series of burners
connected with the series of horizontal pipes which are connected with the reservoir,
and a plate forming a hood or shield through which each burner passes; the orifices
around each burner being somewhat larger than the burner itself, substantially as
described.
1
F1002
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.