Improvements in Gas Lamps and Burners for the same.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Oct., 1886.
Complete Left, 6th Aug., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 6th Sept., 1887.
DESENV
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas Lamps and Burners for the same.
We, JOHN MARSON LAMB of 119 Finchley Road South Hampstead in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, and JOHN LAMB, of 13 Fairbridge Road, Upper Holloway, in
the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This Invention relates to Lamps and burner's in which Gas is consumed for
illuminating purposes. We can make these burners for either a single, double,
triple or any number of flames according to the size of the lamp required. To give a
perfect sheet of flame from the centre burner to its outer edge the air being perfectly
consumed between the flames where they unite into one solid flame. These burners
are constructed on the Argan type with the holes at the bottom through which the
Gas issues, only with the addition, that a female screw is formed in the inner ring of
the burner to receive a regulating screw collar for the decending gas to impinge upon
which compells it to issue horozontally in a perfectly regular form. This collar is
also for the purpose of regulating the flame according to the quanity and the quality
of the Gas to be consumed. In constructing the double burner the centre or first
burner is made with a circular row of holes at the bottom but without a centre air
passage. The regulating plate being adjustable on a centre screw. The first burner
is fixed at such a suitable distance so that the flames of the two burners unite into one
solid flame, so that the air that comes between the flames, becomes totally consumed
and in conjunction with the top and bottom supplies of Hot air a most powerful white
light is produced. We construct the lamp in two halves the top half carries the
chimney, while the bottom half carries the Glass bulb and air chamber. The two
halves are connected together by a series of tubes which convey the products of
combustion from the burner into the chimney. The Air being supplied through the
annular space between the combustion tubes which connect the top and bottom
together. The heating chamber we construct so as to form a sort of air reservoir
within it for the super-heating of the air. It is made by forming an outer taper
cylinder and fixed to the lamp with the small end upwards and lined with a perforated
taper cylinder with the small end downwards the orifice or opening between the two
DQ37

page_text: cylinders is then closed up with either a convex or a concave ring of metal or other
suitable material. When made convex the plain outer cylinder would be shortest and
the flame would curl upwards, and when made concave the outer cylinder would be
longest and the flame more depressed and a larger illuminating surface. The
Perforated cylinder may extend sufficiently upwards to cover over the annular air
space between the combustion tubes to check the great inrush of air, or one or more
diaphrames of perforated metal can be fixed within the perforated cylinder. In
constructing large lamps we can fix a plain funnel piece between the perforated
diaphrame and the second burners, so as to convey a greater quanity of air to the first
burner which otherwise would be drawn away by the large outer flame. The
combined burner is fixed at such a suitable distance from the centeral orifice of the
air chamber so as to allow of the Gas flame being depressed by the hot air current.
An outer cylinder is made to sourround the air chamber to convey the products of
combustion through the connecting tubes into a collecting hood and into the chimney.
An extending mounting is attached to the combustion cylinder to receive the Glass
bulb mount. This extending piece is made with a quanity of holes and fitted with a
revolving regulating plate, to close up part of the holes when adjusting the amount of
air necessary to the outer body of the flame, to support proper combustion according
to the quality of the Gas. On one side of this mount is fixed a lever clutch for
secureing the Glass Bulb in position and on the opposite side a wide staple with a set
screw to receive one end of the hinged flap of the Glass mount. By releasing the
bite of the set screw the Glass mount can be readily withdrawn for cleansing or
repair. The Glass bulb we make with a round hole of suitable size at the lowest part to
receive a solid Glass or metal Ball for the purpose of being able to light the lamp
without unfastening the mount, the Ball rolling back into the hole on the removal of
the lighter torch but we prefer to attach a chain or metal cord with a second ball or
other ornament suspended to prevent the loss of the ball when the Glass is removed.
We also fix an enamelled or other reflector from the orifice of the combustion tube to
within a suitable distance of the Glass bulb. We surround the annular air space with
a suitable ornamental mounting. In makeing this lamp with one Gas Burner only,
we stop the Gas from entering the tube of the first burner at the top and cut slott's or
drill hole's in the tube below the pluging. The air then passes through the said
burner instead of the Gas, In making these lamps with three or more burners wo
make a repetition of this improved inverted Argan Burner only of increasing diameter
and fix them in position outside one another with suitable air space between each and
construct the lamp in proportionate depth to the required branch Gas supplies. Taper
air directing funnels can be fixed on these burners where required. The various parts
of this lamp although described as mounted and attached can be made to assume the
same form by suitable castings, stamping's, or otherwise and can be made of metal or
part of metal or any other suitable material.
Dated this 6th day of October 1886

page_text: cylindrical collar and projecting beneath the gas nozzle which is slipped onto the collar.
The distance between the flange or gas deflector and the gas nozzle is regulated to suit
the quantity and quality of the gas to be consumed either by screwing up or down the
collar or which we prefer by interposing between the gas deflecting flange and the
nozzle an annular washer B of the desired thickness which is forced against the nozzle
so as to hold it securely in position when the collar is screwed up. The collar B is
perforated round its circumference between the partially closed bottom and gas
deflecting flange B₁ so as to constitute an air cage through which the inner downward
supply of air issues horizontally and also vertically through the centre openings below
the flame.
B' (Figure 4) are the lateral perforations of the air cage which extend round the
collar in one or more annular series the metal or web between the holes in the same
series being partly cut away or grooved horizontally as shown at B* in order to allow
the several air jets to unite more or less with each other thereby producing a plain
flame, but if a flame with a fluted or undulating surface is desired the grooving is
omitted on the top series of holes which then allows each air jet to act independently
upon its own portion of the flame imparting thereto the ornamental appearance
referred to which can be varied in design.
C is an open air chamber inside the lower part of which there is formed a super-
heating air reservoir D between the outer cone (and the inner perforated cone C*
tapering in reverse directions the larger end of the inner cone fitting inside the
smaller end of the outer one. The closed bottom of the reservoir may either be
convex as shown in the drawing or concave or otherwise if preferred but a clear
annular opening or space should in all cases be left all round the burner.
The perforations round the inner cono (may be either entirely punched out as
shown in our drawings or they may be formed by slits or cuts so as to leave in each
a tongue of metal which is bent outwards and projects upwards at the upper part of
the cone thereby forming deflectors for directing the air through the upper series of
openings into the reservoir the said tongues in the lower series of openings projecting
outwards and downwards so as to direct the superheated air from the reservoir through
the open annular space surrounding the burner.
E is a combined central air distributor or director and concentrator consisting of an
inner tapering concentrating cone e and an outer distributing or deflecting cone f
connected together round their upper edges at a convenient distance apart by stay
bars and attached by other stay bars to a metal ring g at the upper end of the open
air chamber C. The contracted end of the concentrating cone e discharges the air into
the expan led mouth of a conical air collector or cup F which is fitted onto the upper
portion of the burner so as to collect the air and direct it with increased velocity to
the inner portion B of the burner. G is the top portion of the lamp made with a
central gas box or chamber H fitted with a cap into which the suspending gas pipe I
is screwed. K is the lower portion of the lamp containing the outlet tubes K¹ through
which the products of combustion pass into the collecting hood L and thence into the
chimney M mounted thereon. N is the main body or extension of the lamp secured
to the lower portion K and surrounded by an outer cylinder or screen O to form an
annular air inlet from the outside. A portion of the fresh air passes downwards
through the apertures above. the reflector P into the globe the size of which apertures
will depend on the nature of the gas employed and may therefore be regulated if
desired by any suitable or well known arrangement. The main volume of air enters
between the combustion tubes K' and descends onto and through the combined central
deflector and concentrator E which divides it into two currents the one being directed
by the deflecting cone f laterally and downwards through the free annular space
surrounding the outside of the burner and through the upper perforations in the
cone into the superheating reservoir D whence it finally issues in a highly heated
condition through the lower perforations in the said cone and escapes through the
annular opening round the burner. The other current is at the same time directed by
the concentrator e with great velocity into the collector E and central portion of the
burner whence it issues horizontally and vertically through the air cage of the burner

page_text: below the flame. The body N of the lamp is provided on one side with a socket piece i
and thumb screw to receive the flap k of the hinge of the rim / which supports the
glass globe Q. This rim is secured on the opposite side of the lamp by a hinged or
other catch or fastening m of any convenient construction. The rim can be detached
or wholly removed when required by unscrewing the thumb screw and sliding out the
flap of the hinge. R is the valve stopper for closing the lighting hole in the globe
and R is a pendent ball or ornament connected thereto by a chain or cord and of
sufficient weight to maintain the stopper in the hole when in its normal condition and
prevent its detachment and loss from the lamp.
Although we have represented our improved lamp as a suspended lamp it may be
equally adapted to a Pillar or bracket by bringing the gas supply pipe upwards
through the bottom of the globe and through the central opening of the air cage of the
burner and connecting it at its upper end with the underside of the cross branch
pipes a. The downward central gas supply pipe I shown in figure 1 would in that
cuse be either plugged up or entirely dispensed with.
In lieu of making the steatite or other nozzle or gas issuing piece A' in the form
shown in Figure 1 that is to say with the perforations in the bottom thereof I
sometimes make it of an H section as shown in figure 2 the perforations being made
in the connecting cross diaphragm situate between the two ends of the nozzle the gas
issuing opening then being of annular form.
When two three or more of our improved burners are combined together in a single
lamp we dispose them concentrically as shown in figure 3 each burner of smaller
diameter being situate inside the next larger or outer burner and at a lower level and
provided with its own collar or lining piece B forming a combined gas deflecting
shoulder and air cage with central inwardly projecting tubular opening at the
bottom.
When used on the multiple system so as to surround one another this tubular
opening should be of sufficient size to leave an open annular air space round the
outside of the next inner burner for the purpose of increasing the velocity of the air
current.
When the burner is of sufficiently large diameter its inner collar or lining can be
made to constitute a superheating air reservoir by introducing therein a perforated
cone C similar to the one in the outer open air chamber C described with reference to
figure 1.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is :-
1. The combination and arrangement of regenerative gas lamp and burner whether
adapted as a suspension, Pillar, or other lamp, substantially as hereinbefore described
and illustrated by figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.
2. In regenerative gas lamps the combination with the burner, of the combined
open and superheating reservoir-air-chamber surrounding the burner so as to leave
an open annular space round the same substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated by figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.
3. In a burner for an inverted regenerative gas Lamp the combined gas deflecting
flange or shoulder and central collar or lining forming a combined air chamber and
distributing cage with central tubular air passage substantially as and for the purposes
herein before described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
1. The combination with the burner or burners of regenerative gas lamps, of a
conical air cup or collector substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by
the accompanying drawings.
5. In regenerative gas lamps the combination with an inverted burner and air cup
or collector of a central combined air director or distributor and concentrator
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
6. In regenerative gas lamps the mode of combining two, three, or more of our
improved burners concentrically within and below one another leaving an open
annular space round and between the burners in conjunction or not with a perforated

page_text: cone to convert the collar or lining of the burner into a superheating reservoir-air-
chamber substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by figure 3 of the
accompanying drawings.
7. In gas lamps of the type referred to the combination of a socket or staple and set
screw on the body of the lamp with a removeable hinge flap on the rim fitting the said
staple substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and illustrated by
figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.
8. In inverted regenerative gas Lamps the use of a counter pendent or weight
attached by a chain or cord to the stopper or valve which closes the lighting hole in
the globe substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and illustrated in
figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.