AN IMPROVED CRUSHING, GRINDING, PULVerizing, Mixing, AND SEPARATING MACHINE
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Nathan Gold Kimberley, of Great St. Helen's, in the City
of London, Engineer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED CRUSHING,
GRINDING, PULVerizing, Mixing, AND SEPARATING MACHINE."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Nathan Gold Kimberley at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th November 1876.
NATHAN GOLD KIMBERLEY, of Great St. Helen's, in the City of London,
Engineer. "AN IMPROVED CRUSHING, GRINDING, PULVERIZING, MIXING, AND
SEPARATING MACHINE."
This Invention relates to a machine of that class in which the crushing, grinding,
or pulverizing effect is obtained by the rotation and centrifugal action of balls or
roller within a cylindrical box or casing. The said machine is designed for grinding
corn or other grain, crushing and grinding minerals, such as coal, stone, and
metallic ores, and for crushing, grinding, pulverizing, mixing together or separating,
and otherwise similarly treating various other substances.
:-
The said Invention comprises the following improvements, namely:-
First. In a machine for the above purposes which is provided with balls or
rollers, either mounted on spindles or running without spindles within the box or
casing, and in which the material to be ground or otherwise treated is fed into the
machine at the side of the said box or casing, I provide a delivery or discharge
aperture or passage at both sides of the machine, through which the pulverized
material will be carried out by a current of air or water. This current or draught
is produced by the action of the machine.
Secondly. I provide the machine with feed apertures at one or both sides of the
casing and a delivery aperture at one edge or portion of its periphery through
which the ground or pulverized material is carried out by a current of air or water.
Thirdly, I provide a door at the sides or bottom of the casing to allow crushed
particles of metal or other material to be conveniently removed from the machine.
This arrangement is very advantageous when the said machine is used for grinding
or pulverizing brass, asbes, barytes, and similar materials, the metals obtained from
which sometimes accumulate in the machine; and also for removing the quicksilver
and gold when the machine is used as an amalgamator,

page_text: f
Fourthly. I provide the said machine with automatic feed apparatus which may
consist of rotating screw worms or spiral blades or of rollers or endless belts or
aprons. And I also combine with the said machine vibrating jaws, plain or cor-
rugated rollers or other crushing apparatus for breaking and reducing ores, stones,
or other substances, to a convenient size for entering the said grinding or pulverizing
machine.
Fifthly. In some instances I provide my improved crushing, grinding, or pul-
verizing machine with gratings inserted in its casing; or I construct portions of the
latter in the form of rings with distance pieces between them, or use both of these
devices in combination and drive or force the ground or pulverized material through
the same for the purpose of regulating the degree of fineness of the pulverized
material delivered from the machine; and in treating some materials I employ
sieves arranged to receive the pulverized material as it is discharged from the said
machine.
Sixthly. I arrange in connection with my improved crushing, grinding, or pul-
verizing machine a precipitating chamber or receptacle, into which the pulverized
material is discharged to ensure the obtaining of all or nearly all of the very fine
powder which is carried from the machine in the air, and I also, when treating
very light materials, combine with this arrangement a return air-pipe which
extends from this chamber or receptacle to the centre of the casing of the machine,
and which returns to the same the fine particles not retained in the precipitating
chamber, instead of allowing them to escape.
Seventhly. In some instances I modify the construction of my machine by using
balls or rollers without spindles driven around inside their casing by arms made in
one piece or two or more pieces placed side by side, the said balls being arranged
to counterbalance each other. The said arms or pieces in some instances have
openings between them to permit any gritty particles to pass away from the balls
or rollers, and thereby diminish the friction and wearing of the same.
Eighthly. I also, in some instances, provide the said machine with balls or
rollers which have spindles or journals arranged to be driven around in the casing
by discs or other devices, which are formed with recesses or openings in their
periphery or outer edge to keep the said balls or rollers in place while allowing
them free centrifugal action; but I avoid the use of radial or other slots in the said
discs for this purpose. Furthermore, where I employ discs for driving the said balls
or rollers I sometimes place between the said discs transverse pieces of metal or
other material to assist or increase the blast of the machine.
Ninthly. In some instances I arrange a cylindrical or conical sieve provided with
rotating brushes or propellers on one or both sides of the machine. In this
modification of my Invention the feed opening or passage must be at the side or top
of the casing.
Tenthly. I may render the said machine very efficient as a separator by
arranging sieves at one or both sides of the casing in combination with an uptake
or uptakes for the blast, so that the heavy particles of the ground or pulverized
materials will be driven through the said sieves while the lighter particles will be
carried out by the blast through the said uptake or uptakes into any suitable
receptacle.
Eleventhly. When my improved machine is to be used for pulverizing gypsum,
flint, or other like materials for pottery ware and the like, it will not be practicable
to use iron or steel in the construction of its grinding or pulverizing surfaces for
the reason that these metals cause discoloration of the said materials. I therefore
use phosphor bronze, gun metal, or other like metals or alloys of metal in the con-
struction of the whole or a portion of the casing, the balls or other working or
grinding portions of the said machine. This construction of the parts of the said
machine is also necessary when the same is to be used for reducing or mixing gun-
powder or other explosive materials.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Nathan Gold Kimberley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 17th-
May 1877.
.
NATHAN GOLD KIMBERLEY, of Great St. Helen's, in the City of London,
Engineer. "AN IMPROVED CRUSHING, GRINDING, PULVERIZING, MIXING, AND
SEPARATING MACHINE."
This Invention relates to a machine of that class in which the crushing, grinding,
or pulverizing effect is obtained by the rotation and centrifugal action of balls or
rollers within a cylindrical box or casing. The said machine is designed for
grinding corn or other grain, crushing and grinding minerals, such as coal, stone,
and metallic ores, and for crushing, grinding, pulverizing, mixing together or
separating, and otherwise similarly treating various other substances.
The said Invention is illustrated in the accompanying Drawings, in which,―
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a machine constructed according to this
Invention; Figure 2 is an interior view of one half of the said machine.
Figure 3 is partly an elevation and partly a longitudinal section showing modifi-
cations of my Invention; Figure 4 is a transverse section of part of Figure 3.
Figures 5, 6, and 7, show detached portions of modifications of my Invention.
Figure 8 shows a modification of the said Invention herein-after described.
Like letters indicate the same parts throughout, the Drawings.
a is the said cylindrical box or casing; b, b, are the balls or rollers; c, c, are discs
or arms for driving the said balls or rollers; d is the shaft on which the said discs
or arms are mounted; d¹, d¹, are bearings for the said shaft.
According to one part of my Invention a machine for the above purposes is
provided with balls or rollers b, either mounted on spindles, as shewn in Figures 3
and 4, or running without spindles, as shewn in Figures 1 and 2, within the box
or casing a, which is provided with a ring of hard iron or steel or other suitable
metal to take the wear. In this casing the material to be ground or otherwise
treated is fed into the machine at the top side of the said box or casing, as shewn
at e, Figure 3. I provide a delivery or discharge aperture or passage e¹ at one or
both sides of the machine through which the pulverized material will be carried
out by a current of air or water. This current or draught is produced by the
action of the machine; or if a sufficiently powerful current cannot be obtained
in this manner it may be assisted by a fan or blower or other suitable means.
I also provide the said machine with feed apertures a¹ at one or both sides of
the casing a, and a delivery aperture a² at one edge or portion of its periphery,
through which the ground or pulverized material is carried out by a current of air or
water.
I provide an aperture with a door f at the sides or bottom of the casing a, as
shewn in Figure 1, to allow crushed particles of metal or other material to be
conveniently removed from the machine. This arrangement is very advantageous
when machines of this description are used for grinding or pulverizing brass, ashes,
barytes, and similar materials, the metals obtained from which sometimes accumulate'.
in the said machine, and for removing the quicksilver and gold when such machines.
are used as amalgamators.
I sometimes provide the said machine with automatic feed apparatus, which may
consist of rotating screws, worms, or spiral blades, extending through a hopper f¹,
and driven by gearing from the main shaft d, as shewn in Figure 1, or by other
suitable means, or of rollers or endless belts or aprons, and I also combine with
the said machine plain or corrugated rollers h fitted to rotate in a hopper, as
shewn in Figure 3, or other crushing apparatus for breaking and reducing ores,
stones, or other substances to a convenient size for entering the said grinding or
pulverizing machine.
In some instances I provide my improved crushing, grinding, or pulverizing
machine with gratings a*, Figure 6, inserted in its casing, or I construct portions of
the latter in the form of rings a* with distance pieces between them, as shown in

page_text: Figure 5, or use both of these devices in combination, and drive or force the ground
or pulverized material through the same for the purpose of regulating the degree of
fineness of the pulverized material delivered from the machine. Either of these
parts a* may be used in the place of the ring a*, shewn in Figure 1; Figure 5 is a
transverse section, and Figure 6 an inside face view of different forms of the part a*.
In treating some substances I employ sieves arranged to receive the pulverized
material as it is discharged from the said machine.
In some instances I arrange in connection with my improved crushing, grinding,
or pulverizing machine, a precipitating chamber or receptacle in which the pulverized
material is discharged to ensure the obtaining of all or nearly all of the very fine
powder which is carried from the machine in the air, and I also when treating very
light materials combine with this arrangement a return air pipe, which extends
from this chamber or receptacle to the centre of the casing of the machine, and which
returns to the same the fine particles not retained in the precipitating chamber
instead of allowing them to escape.
In some instances I modify the construction of my machine by using balls or
rollers without spindles, as shewn in Figures 1 and 2, driven around inside their
casing a by arms c made in one piece, or two or more pieces placed side by side, the
said balls being arranged to counterbalance each other. The said arms or pieces in
some instances have openings between them to permit any gritty particles to pass
away from the balls or rollers, and thereby diminish the friction and wearing of the
same.
I also in some instances provide the said machine with balls or rollers b, which
have spindles or journals b¹ arranged to be driven around in the casing by discs c
or other devices, which are formed with recesses or openings c¹ in their periphery or
outer edge to keep the said balls or rollers in place while allowing them free centri-
fugal action, but I avoid the use of radial or other slots in the said discs for this
purpose. Furthermore where I employ discs for driving the said balls or rollers I
sometimes place between the said discs transverse pieces of metal or other material
to assist or increase the blast of the machine.
In Figure 8, which is a side view partly in section of a modification of my said
Invention, I have shown one of the discs c for driving the rollers b, provided with a
central aperture a³ surrounding the shaft d, so that the materials to be ground pass
direct from the feed aperture a¹ through the opening a³ to the central portion of the
rollers b. The delivery aperture is in this modification preferably arranged at the
edge, as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
I sometimes use hollow balls or annular rollers revolving on spindles fixed on or
held in place by arms secured on the main shaft. The holes in the said balls or
rollers must be large enough to permit the free working of the balls or rollers on
their.pins under the effect of the centrifugal force.
In some instances I arrange a cylindrical or conical sieve provided with rotating
brushes or propellers on one or both sides of the machine. In this modification
of our Invention the feed opening or passage must be at the side or top of the
casing.
I may render the said machine very efficient as a separator by arranging sieves g
at one or both sides of the casing in combination with an uptake or uptakes g¹,
Figure 7, for the blast, so that the heavy particles of the ground or pulverized
materials will be driven through the said sieves, while the lighter particles will
be carried out by the blast through the uptake or uptakes into any suitable
receptacle.
When my improved machine is to be used for pulverizing gypsum, flint, or other
like materials for pottery ware and the like, it will not be practicable to use iron or
steel in the construction of its grinding or pulverizing surfaces for the reason that
these metals cause discolouration of the said materials. I therefore use phosphor,
bronze, gun metal, or other like metals or alloys of metal in the construction of the
whole or a portion of the casing, the balls, or other working or grinding portions of
the said machine.

page_text: In some instances I may form the balls of hard wood, and provide the machine
with a ring of hard wood for the balls to work upon. The avoidance of iron
and steel in the construction of the parts of the said machine is also necessary
when the same is to be used for reducing or mixing gunpowder or other explosive
materials.
Having thus fully described my said Invention, and shown how the same may
be conveniently and advantageously carried into practice, I claim,-
First. In a machine for crushing, grinding, pulverizing, mixing, and separating,
and otherwise treating grain, minerals, and other materials, and in which the effect
is obtained by rotation and centrifugal action, a box or casing containing balls or
rollers either with or without spindles, and which box or casing is provided with
feed openings or passages at its edge or periphery, and with discharge or delivery
apertures or passages at one or both of its sides through which the material is
discharged by the aid of a blast or current of air or water, as above set forth.
Second. In such a machine the box or casing provided with a feed opening or
passage at one or both of its sides, and with a delivery or discharge aperture or
passage at its edge or periphery, through which the material is carried by a current
of air or water, as above set forth.
Third. The combination with such a machine of automatic feed apparatus and
apparatus for crushing, breaking, or reducing, ore, stone, or other material, as above
set forth.
Fourth. Providing the box or casing of such machines with gratings inserted
therein, or with portions in the form of rings with distance pieces between them,
or with both of these devices combined, as above set forth and for the purpose
specified.
Fifth. The combination with the said machine of a precipitating chamber or
receptacle, either with or without a return air pipe, as above set forth and for the
purposes specified.
Sixth. The modification of the said Invention wherein I employ balls or rollers
without spindles, and driven by arms with or without openings to permit the escape
of gritty particles, as above set forth.
Seventh. The modification of the said Invention wherein I employ balls or
rollers with spindles or journals driven by discs or otherwise in such a manner as to
keep the said balls or rollers in place while allowing them free centrifugal action, as
above set forth.
Eighth. The modification of my Invention comprising the cylindrical or conical
sieve provided with rotating brushes or propellers, as above set forth.
Ninth. The adaptation of my said Invention to a separator by the peculiar
arrangement of sieves in combination with an uptake or uptakes as above set forth.
Tenth. A machine for crushing, grinding, and pulverizing ores, grain, and other
materials, and for similar purposes, consisting of the parts shewn in Figure 1, or as
modified in the other Figures of the Drawing, and constructed, combined, and
operating as above set forth.
Eleventh. Constructing the pulverizing surfaces and other parts of such machines
or any portion of the same, of metals or other substances which will not cause dis-
coloration of the materials, ground, pulverized, or otherwise treated in the said
machines, or which will not be so dangerous as iron or steel in reducing or mixing
gunpowder or the like, as above set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Nathan Gold Kimberley, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.