IMPROVEMENTS WIRE NETTING " IN THE MODE OF, AND MACHINERY. FOR MANUFACTURING
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Mark Anthony Francis Mennons of 52 Rue Basse du
Rempart, Paris in the French Republic for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
WIRE NETTING
"
IN THE MODE OF, AND MACHINERY. FOR MANUFACTURING
A communication to him by Felix Hippolyte Monmon a person resident at
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Mark Anthony Francis
Mennons at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th September
1882.
.
MARK ANTHONY FRANCIS MENNONS, of 52, Rue Basse du Rempart, Paris, in the
French Republic, "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF, AND MACHINERY FOR
MANUFACTURING WIRE NETTING," A communication to me by Felix Hippolyte
Monmon a person resident at Montreuil-sous-Bois, near Paris aforesaid.
"
This Invention relates to improvements introduced into the mode of, and
machinery for manufacturing wire netting with a view to the simultaneous
production by one machine of netting of different widths and different sizes of
mesh; as also, (with certain modifications,) to the simultaneous production of
several pieces of netting of one width and one size of mesh.
Fig. 1. of the accompanying drawings is a plan of a vertical netting machine
constructed according to this invention.
Fig. 2. is a front elevation of the same.
Fig. 3. is a side elevation on an enlarged scale of one of the carriers.
Fig. 3. is a front view of the same.
Figs. 4. and 4a represent in elevation and plan a horizontal netting machine
constructed on the same principle.
Fig 5. to 9 represent on an enlarged scale various details of the machinery..
A. is the point of application of the motive power (reciprocal and vertical with.
very short interruptions between each upward and downward motion).
'
B. Central shaft of a length corresponding with that of the netting to be.
produced.

page_text: C. Iron bars of the same length as the shaft B. set parallel thereto, and connecting
all the cross bars D..
D. Cross bars fixed to the shaft B. and moving therewith. These bars are
rigidly connected with each other by the ties C.. Their number and spacing vary
according to the length of the shaft B.. They support loosely the rods e. c. of the
longitudinal bars E. E. and cause the same to move in their oscillating motion to a
greater or less extent, according to the space which separates them from the central
shaft B..
E. E. Longitudinal T shaped bars resting by their rods e. on the cross bars D..
Actuated by the latter, they support and give motion to the racks of the carriers
at any point of the run of the latter. They are of the same length as, and set
parallel to the shaft B..
At one of their ends (that nearest the torsion motion) they are cut away so as
to allow the interruption of their action on the rack of the carriers.
e. e. are rods fixed on the longitudinal T bars E. and supporting them on the
cross bars D. of which they follow the motion.
F. Stationary torsion apparatus which is composed of pinions split into two
equal parts. Through each half is pierced a hole giving passage to the wire g.
and their rotary motion produces the torsion required by the mesh of the netting.
The plates supporting these pinions are mounted on slides, so as to carry with
them each half pinion and cause the latter to change position alternately from
opposite each other on the formation of each half mesh. The rack is made in two
pieces, so as to follow these movements without acting on the pinions at the
moment of their change of position. This stationary apparatus is actuated by the
general motion of the machinery.
G. represents a piece of the netting produced, carried forward by the small
pressing rolls j. towards the receiving drums K..
9. g. are the wires which pass by one end through the pinions of the stationary
apparatus and are secured by the other to the half pinions of the carrier (counter-
twist pinions). These wires, as the netting is produced, cause the carrier to
advance towards the fixed apparatus.
g. Wires proceeding from the bobbins i. and fixed to the back of the carrier.
These wires wind off according to the movement of the latter, so that when the
wire g. has been entirely used up in the production of the netting, and that the
carriers come in contact with the stationary torsion apparatus, they are ready to
be connected with the ends of the wires g. or to be passed through the holes of the
pinions of F., if another piece is to be made.
H. Carriers carrying the counter-twist apparatus. These carriers run on the
rails L. and the apparatus which they support receives its action from the parallel
bars E. and from the toothed guides M..
i. Bobbins on which is wound the wire to be converted into netting.
j. Pressing rolls actuated by toothed gear, and drawing forward the netting by
half a mesh at a time.
K. K. Friction drums for the reception of the netting as produced.
L. L. Rails on which the carriers run.
M. Toothed guides which, at each forward movement of the carrier, raise or
lower the pawl O. by means of the small shaft N. This shaft N. fixed on the
pawl O. is actuated frictionally by the teeth of the guides M. .
O. Pawl fixed on the carrier at o. provided with the above mentionned shaft N..
by which it is raised, and with a slide receiving and actuating the plates P. P. at
the points p..
P. Plates supporting the half pinions and actuated by the pawl O..
P1 Slide of the plate P..
R. R. Other plates fixed to the carriers and serving to maintain the rack.
Q. Rack actuating the pinions T. T.. This rack resting on and worked by the
bar E. produces the counter-twist.

page_text: Q. Q. Racks of the stationary twist mechanism F., each formed of two lengths
hinged together.
This stationary twist apparatus may either be actuated by the mechanism which
drives the carrier, or by an independant motion.
S. S. Sustaining rollers of the racks.
T. T. Pinions of the counter-twist fixed to the carrier, and provided at each half
pinion with a hook for securing the wire g..
T. T. Torsion pinions of F. They are pierced with a hole through each half
pinion giving passage to the wire g., and their motion produces the twist of the
netting.
T. T. Oval or polygonal pieces which may be substituted, in the horizontal
machine, for the counter-twist pinions T. (see Figs 8., 8., 9., 9., and 7., 7a.). All
these pinions receive a reciprocal vertical motion from their supporting slide-
plates; each half pinion thus alternates in its rotary motion with either the
upper or the lower half pinion.
U. Friction rollers of the carrier racks.
11
The oscillating motion is situated as in Fig. 2., that is to say, on one side at its
highest, and on the other at its lowest point.
The carriers are placed at the end farthest removed from the stationary twist
mechanism F..
The operator then takes the wires from the bobbins, secures them to the
carriers H. and winds them off in moving forward the latter towards F. On
reaching that point, these wires are run through the holes of the pinions and then
secured to the drums K. after passing them between the pressing-rolls j.. The
carriers are then returned to their starting point; the operator cuts the wires and
secures them to the hooks of the counter twist pinions T. in a position corre-
sponding with the holes of the pinions of the apparatus F.. The wires remaining
on the bobbins are secured behind the carriers to stationary hooks.
The machinery being then set in motion, the twist is effected by the apparatus F...
and the netting is produced, and consequently, the carriers are drawn forward by
the pressing rolls j., each carrier moving more or less rapidly according to the size
of the mesh. On the arrival of the first carrier, and its being thrown out of gear
by the cut away part of the bar E.; the operator detaches the wires g. secured to
the back of the carrier, and wound off in the movement of the latter towards F..
and reconnects them, either with the wires g., if the piece is to be continued, or, if
for a new piece, to the drums K. as at the outset, passing them through the holes
of the pinions, and between the pressing rolls j. The carrier is brought back to'
its starting point, the wires are cut and secured, and the operation is repeated, as
above, as it is for all the other carriers according as they arrive at the apparatus F..
The respective speeds of the carriers so vary according to the different sizes of
the meshes, that two operators suffice to connect the wires and secure them in their
respective positions.
The carriers work as follows:
During the twisting and counter-twisting action the carriers and pressing rolls
remain stationary, and only come into operation on the cessation of that action.
The rollers j. j. then take up the half mesh produced, and draw forward the carriers
by means of the wires g..g. by the distance required for the production of the
following half mesh, after which their motion is suspended and that of the twist and
counter-twist apparatus recommences.
This combination of movements is obtained by the alternate interruptions of the
}

page_text: by reference to ge 5 and 0. In WHICH: 1. Is the univing puncy.
2. Driving shaft fitted with the two excentrics 3. and 9.
3. Excentric for twist mounted on shaft 2.
4. Slide of the excentric shaft.
5. Connecting rod of the excentric.
6. Shaft actuated by the connecting rod 5, sliding in 7. and provided with the
pin 8.
7. Shaft, tubular in part of its length, forming prolongation of 6. and actuating
the oscillating system. This shaft 7. is acted on by the pin 8. which, working
in the slide, carries it forward at one moment, and leaves it stationary at the
other.
8. Pin fixed on the shaft 6. and sliding in the tubular portion of shaft 7. which it
carries forward each time that it (8.) arrives at the end of the slide.
粤
9. Second eccentric mounted on shaft 2. and effecting the traction of the netting
and the displacement of the pinions.
10. Connecting rod of this second eccentric. Its position on the latter is so
calculated as to give exactly one quarter of a revolution of difference from the first
eccentric, so that its action shall always be inverse to each half revolution of the
latter (3.).
11. Shaft actuated by the connecting rod 10. and identical with the shaft 6.
inasmuch as it slides in a shaft by which it is prolonged. This shaft 11. is also
provided with pin o.
12. Partially tubular shaft similar to shaft 7., that is to say, that it forms a
continuation of shaft 11., which enters into its hollow portion, and that it is moved
or left stationary, by the pin o. according as the latter acts or does not act on one of
the extremities of its slide. The shaft 12. carries the racks 13. 131. by means of
which it acts on the pressing rolls j. by the gear 14. and 141, and, on the other
hand, on the plates 17. 17. by the gear 15, and 15'..
13. 13. Racks fixed on and worked by shaft 12. They actuate the gear of the
pressing rolls j. and that of the moveable plates 15. 15¹..
14. Toothed pinions mounted on one of the two pressing rolls j.
14. Gearing mounted on rolls j.. and causing them to move in the required
inverse direction.
15. Toothed pinions mounted on a small cross shaft and communicating by the
pinions 15. a reciprocal vertical motion to the plates 17. 17. so as to place each
half pinion in its respective position.
151. Toothed pinions of variable sizes mounted on the other ends of the small
shafts of 15. and working the plates 17. 17. which slide on the stationary plates 16..
18. Grooved or other pulley mounted on shaft 2. and actuating by means of the
pulleys 19. the drums K. receiving the manufactured netting.
The combined motions above referred to result from the arrangement:
1rstly of the connecting rods of the excentrics 5. and 10., the latter being a quarter
of a revolution in advance; and,
2ndly of the pins 8. and o. the latter being ready to act on the shaft 12. while the
former (8.) travels in blank over the whole length of the slide of the shaft 7. The
excentric 9. will then cause the shaft 12. to act during quarter of a revolution and,
consequently, the whole system of traction of the netting, of the wires, and of the
displacement of the pinions. During the second half revolution, this excentric 9.
will run in blank, leaving the whole system stationary.
During the first quarter revolution (that is to say, during the action of shaft 11.
and pin 8.) the shaft 6. and its pin 8. have left stationary the entire twist and
counter-twist mechanism, seeing that the pin runs freely in the slide 7.. In the
second quarter revolution they (shaft 6. and pin 8.) come into operation and give
motion to this mechanism, while the traction system remains stationary, and so on,
so that at each half revolution the entire motive power is used for traction during
one quarter, and for torsion during the other.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE SECOND MODE OF COUNTER-TORSION (see Figs 7., 7ª., 8., 8ª., 9., 9ª.)
For the half pinions placed face to face as in T., fig. 2., may be substituted super-
posed or juxtaposed ovals or polygons as shown by figs 7., 7. These oval or
polygonal pieces are provided at one end and at the centre, with a rod 20. terminated
by a ring to which are secured the wires g. g.; at the other end is formed a slot (as
in a screw head) on the edge of which are set two pins 20¹. 20¹.
R. R. Stationary plates of the carriers supporting the moveable plates P. P. and
the turnscrews 21. 21..
21. 21. are strong turnscrews set on plates R. R. These turnscrews carry the
pinions 22. 22. actuated by the rack Q. and enter into the slots of the ovals or
polygons which they rotate two by two.
In the motion of the carrier, the plates P. P. have only to move upwards or
downwards by the thickness of one of the oval or polygonal pieces to cause the
turnscrews to work simultaneously two different wires, and thus produce the
counter-twist.
This second mode of counter-torsion tends to simplify the manufacture, and, if
also applied to the twist apparatus, enables the machinery to produce the peculiar
mesh of hand made netting.
The general details of dimension, construction and arrangement of the apparatus
may be varied according to circumstances.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Mark Anthony Francis Mennons in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 12th March 1883.
MARK ANTHONY FRANCIS MENNONS, of 52, Rue Basse du Rempart, Paris, in
the French Republic "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND MACHINERY FOR
MANUFACTURING WIRE NETTING," a communication to me by Felix Hippolyte
Monmon, a person resident at Montreuil-sous-Bois near Paris aforesaid
This Invention relates to improvements introduced into the mode of and
machinery for manufacturing wire netting with a view to the simultaneous
production by one machine of netting of different widths and different sizes of
mesh; as also, (with certain modifications,) to the simultaneous production of
several pieces of netting of one width and one size of mesh.
Fig. 1. of the accompanying drawings is a plan of a vertical netting machine
constructed according to this invention.
Fig. 2. is a front elevation of the same.
Fig. 3. is a side elevation on an enlarged scale of one of the carriers.
Fig. 3. is a front view of the same.
Figs 4. and 4a, represent in elevation and plan a horizontal netting machine
constructed on the same principle.
Figs 5. to 9. represent on an enlarged scale various details of the machinery.
A. is the point of application of the motive power (reciprocal and vertical with
very short interruptions between each upward and downward motion).
B. Central shaft of a length corresponding with that of the netting to be
produced.
C. Iron bars of the same length as the shaft B. set parallel thereto, and con-
necting all the cross-bars D..
D. Cross-bars fixed to the shaft B. and moving therewith. These bars are
rigidly connected with each other by the ties C.. Their number and spacing vary
according to the length of the shaft B.. They support loosely the rods e. e. of the
longitudinal bars E. E. and cause the same to move in their oscillating motion to a
greater or less extent, according to the space which separates them from the
central shaft B..
E. E. Longitudinal T shaped bars resting by their rods e. on the cross-bars D..
Actuated by the latter they support and give motion to the racks of the carriers at
any point of the run of the latter. They are of the same length as, and set
parallel to the shaft B.. At one of their ends (that nearest the torsion motion) they
are cut away so as to allow the interruption of their action on the rack of the
carriers.
e. e. are rods fixed on the longitudinal T bars E. and supporting them on the
cross-bars D. of which they follow the motion.
F. Stationary torsion apparatus which is composed of pinions split into two
equal parts. Through each half is pierced a hole giving passage to the wire g. and
their rotary motion produces the torsion required by the mesh of the netting.
The plates supporting these pinions are mounted on slides, so as to carry with
them each half pinion and cause the latter to change position alternately from
opposite each other on the formation of each half mesh.
The rack is made in two pieces, so as to follow these movements without acting
on the pinions at the moment of their change of position. This stationary
apparatus is actuated by the general motion of the machinery.

page_text: MODUS OPERANDL
The oscillating motion is situated as in Fig. 2., that is to say, on one side at its
highest, and on the other at its lowest point.
The carriers are placed at the end farthest removed from the stationary twist
mechanism F.. The operator then takes the wires from the bobbins, secures them
to the carriers H, and winds them off in moving forward the latter towards F.. On

page_text: reaching that point, these wires are run through the holes of the pinions and then
secured to the drums K. after passing them between the pressing rolls j.. The
carriers are then returned to their starting point; the operator cuts the wires and
secures them to the hooks of the counter-twist pinions T. in a position corresponding
with the holes of the pinions of the apparatus F.. The wires remaining on the t
bobbins are secured behind the carriers to stationary hooks. The machinery being
then set in motion, the twist is effected by the apparatus F. and the netting is
produced, and consequently, the carriers are drawn forward by the pressing rolls j.,
each carrier moving more or less rapidly according to the size of the mesh. On the
arrival of the first carrier, and its being thrown out of gear by the cut away part
of the bar E., the operator detaches the wires g'. secured to the back of the carrier,
and wound off in the movement of the latter towards F. and reconnects them, either
with the wires g., if the piece is to be continued, or, if for a new piece, to the
drums K. as at the outset, passing them through the holes of the pinions, and
between the pressing rolls j.. The carrier is brought back to its starting point, the
wires are cut and secured, and the operation is repeated, as above, as it is for
all the other carriers according as they arrive at the apparatus E...
The respective speeds of the carriers so vary according to the different sizes of
the meshes, that two operators suffice to connect the wires and secure them in their
respective positions.
The carriers work as follows:
During the twisting and counter-twisting action the carriers and pressing rolls
remain stationary, and only come into operation on the cessation of that action.
The rollers j. j. then take up the half mesh produced, and draw forward 'the
carriers by means of the wires g. g. by the distance required for the production of
the following half mesh, after which their motion is suspended and that of the twist
and counter-twist apparatus recommences.
This combination of movements is obtained by the alternate interruptions of the
principal motion A. applied at the point A., fig. 1., as will be more readily under-
stood by reference to figs 5. and 6. in which:-
1. is the driving pulley.
2. Driving shaft fitted with the two excentrics 3. and 9..
3. Excentric for twist mounted on shaft 2..
4. Slide of the excentric shaft.
5. Connecting rod of the excentric.
6. Shaft actuated by the connecting rod 5. sliding in 7. and provided with the
pin 8:.
7. Shaft, tubular in part of its length, forming prolongation of 6. and actuating
the oscillating system. This shaft 7. is acted on by the pin 8. which, working in
the slide, carries it forward at one moment, and leaves it stationary at the other.
8. Pin fixed on the shaft 6. and sliding in the tubular portion of shaft 7. which
it carries forward each time that it (8.) arrives at the end of the slide.
9. Second excentric mounted on shaft 2. and effecting the traction of the netting
and the displacement of the pinions.
10: Connecting rod of this second excentric. Its position on the latter is so
calculated as to give exactly one quarter of a revolution of difference from the first
excentric, so that its action shall always bé inverse to each half revolution of the
latter (3.).
11. Shaft actuated by the connecting rod 10. and identical with the shaft 6.
inasmuch as it slides in a shaft by which it is prolonged. This shaft 11. is also
provided with pin o..
12. Partially tubular shaft similar to shaft 7., that is to say, that it forms a
continuation of shaft 11., which enters into its hollow portion, and that it is moved
or left stationary by the pin o. according as the latter acts or does not act on one
of the extremities of its slide. This shaft 12. carries the racks 13. 13'. by means
of which it acts on the pressing rolls j. by the gear 14. and 14., and, on the other
hand, on the plates 17. 17. by the gear 15. and 15¹..

page_text: What I claim and desire to protect by the hereinbefore in. part recited Letters
Patent, is:-
Firstly. The mode of manufacturing simultaneously, several pieces of wire.
netting, either of one width and one size of mesh, or of different widths and
different sizes of mesh, by means of a single machine constructed and arranged
substantially as berein set forth and shewn, or any equivalent thereof.
Secondly. The separation into two parts, that is to say, into twist and counter-
twist of the torsions required in the manufacture of wire netting, by means of
arrangements substantially as described and shewn in figs 5., 6. of the drawing, or
any mechanical equivalent thereof.
Thirdly. The oscillating motion which, by the greater or less' distance between
the centre B. and the supports or guiding mechanism of the racks, gives to these
racks the precise range of their individual reciprocal motions, substantially as above
described and shewn in A., B., C., D., E., figs 1., 2., 4. of the accompanying
drawing.
Fourthly. The carriers H. carrying the counter-twist apparatus and running on
the rails L. constructed, arranged and operated substantially as herein set forth and
shown in M., N., O., P., fig. 3. of the accompanying drawing.
Fifthly. The wire supporting mechanism and the mode of actuating the same,
substantially as herein set forth and shewn in figs 7., 8., 9. of the accompanying
drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Mark Anthony Francis Mennons have hereto
set my hand and seal this tenth day of March in the Year of Our Lord
One thousand Eight hundred and Eighty three.