Improvements in Oil Lamps or Lamps" for Burning Liquid Hydrocarbons.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Nov., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 20th Aug., 1895-Accepted, '21st Sept., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Oil Lamps or Lamps" for Burning Liquid
Hydrocarbons.
We, JOHN HODGSON LEE, Director and JOHN CHARLES CRAMPIN READ,
Manager of The Lee Lamp (Parent) Company Limited of 35 Piccadilly in the
County of London; do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
Our invention relates more especially to lamps for burning oil or liquid hydro-
carbons and consists firstly in an improved arrangement of the parts whereby the
upper portion of the wick is held and by which it is connected to the lamp and
also to an improved composition for making the said upper portion when it is to be
of an incombustible material. "The material constituting the upper portion of the
wick is preferably connected to the wick tube by screwing it thereinto which is
effected by enclosing the material for circular wicks between two rings roughened
screw threaded or grooved so as to effectually retain the upper portion. The outer
ring is formed on its exterior with a screw thread to engage with a screw thread
formed in the upper end of the wick tube and with a milled ring to facilitate
turning it. The outer ring can be conveniently made from spun or pressed metal
the screw thread being pressed therein so that it answers to retain the upper
portion of the wick and to screw into the upper end of the wick tube. We may
arrange the burner so that the sides or inner or outer portion are or is exposed for
ignition instead of the top edge or surface and then the regulation and extinguishing
of the flame can be effected by an internal or external piece which can be slidden
up and down to cover and uncover the exposed part of the wick as desired. This
may be applied to wicks whether flat or round or of other shape.
When the upper part of the wick is of incombustible material it is preferably
made of a mixture of powdered pumice-stone and tar or a carbonizable matter such
for instance as starch sugar or the like. It tar be used we prefer to employ
Stockholm tar. There is preferably, but not necessarily added silicate of soda or
potash. The materials are thoroughly mixed together and then they are kilned
or otherwise subjected to heat.
The part of the incombustible wick which is to be lighted is preferably moulded
or operated upon so that it has a rough or grooved surface or a surface provided
with projections to facilitate lighting.
When a spreader or button is used above the burner, to spread the flame it is
preferably made from fire-clay either by cutting or turning it or by moulding it
and afterwards fixing it.
Dated this 20th day of November 1894.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.

page_text: Improvements in Oil Lamps or Lamps for Burning Liquid
Hydrocarbons.
We, JOHN HODGSON LEE, Director, and JOHN CHARLES CRAMPIN READ,.
Manager of The Lee Lamp (Parent) Company Limited of 35 Piccadilly in the
County of London, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :--
Our invention relates more especially to lamps for burning oil or liquid hydro-
carbons and consists firstly in an improved arrangement of the parts whereby the
upper portion of the wick is held and by which it is connected to the lamp and
also to an improved composition for making the said upper portion when it is to be
of an incombustible material. The material constituting the upper portion of the
wick is preferably connected to the wick tube by screwing it thereinto which is
effected by enclosing the material for circular wicks between two rings roughened
screw threaded or grooved so as to effectually retain the upper portion. The outer
ring is formed on its exterior with a screw thread to engage with a screw thread
formed in the upper end of the wick tube and with a milled ring to facilitate
turning it. The outer ring can be conveniently made from spun or pressed metal
the screw thread being pressed therein so that it answers to retain the upper
portion of the wick and to screw into the upper end of the wick tube. We may
arrange the burner so that the sides or inner or outer portion are or is exposed for
ignition instead of the top edge or surface and then the regulation and extinguishing
of the flame can be effected by an internal or external piece which can be slidden
up and down to cover and uncover the exposed part of the wick as desired. This
may be applied to wicks whether flat or round or of other shape.
When the upper part of the wick is of incombustible material it is preferably
made of a mixture of powdered pumice-stone and tar or a carbonizable matter
such for instance as starch-sugar or the like. If tar be used we prefer to employ
Stockholm tar. There is preferably but not necessarily added silicate of soda or
potash. The materials are thoroughly mixed together and then they are kilned
or otherwise subjected to beat.
The part of the incombustible wick which is to be lighted is preferably moulded
or operated upon so that it has a rough or grooved surface or a surface provided
with projections to facilitate lighting.
When a spreader or button is used above the burner to spread the flame it is
preferably made from fire clay either by cutting or turning it or by moulding it
and afterwards fixing it.
In the accompanying drawing we have shewn an arrangement wherein the upper
part of the outer side of a circular wick is exposed for lighting. The wick has au
incombustible upper part a which is composed of a mixture of powdered pumice
stone and tar or other carbonizable matter such as starch sugar or the like and the
said mixture can be compressed or compacted between an inner tube b and an outer
tube the top of outer tube terminating below the top of the tube b so as to expose
the upper portion of the outer surface of the wick. The upper end of the wick a
is covered by an annular plate c of metal or other suitable material preferably of
mica or other bad conductor of heat. The tubes baud b' are connected together
by studs a² which assist also to retain the wick a in position and the outer tube b
is screwed into or otherwise attached to a tube 63 carried by the collar or
fitting by which the buruer is secured to the oil reservoir. Projecting from the
interior of the tube 63 are studs or projections which serve to retain in position the
ordinary cotton wick at by which the oil is conducted to the wick a. The inner tube b

page_text: fits onto the central tube 64 which extends from the top of the burner through the oil
reservoir and which is open at the bottom to admit air to the interior of the wick.
Fitted to slide up and down on the outer tubes 61 and 63 is a flame regulating and
extinguishing tube 2 to which movement can be imparted by any suitable means
for example by means of a rack d secured to the said movable tube and a stem e
provided with a hand knob and mounted in bearings in the lamp fitting and provided
with a pinion gearing into the said rack. This rack d works up and down in
a casing d² extending into the oil reservoir the said casing preventing the passage
of oil through the opening in which the rack works and also preventing the cotton
wick from becoming entangled with the said rack.
The tubes or one or more of them between which the wick is situated may be
made of mica or other bad conductor of heat.
The inner side of the incombustible wick can be exposed and ignited instead of
the outer side if desired in which case the sliding tube will be in the interior instead
of on the exterior of the wick a, and the exposure of the side or sides for ignition
instead of the top, may be applied to wicks which are flat or of any other desired
shape.
The incombustible wick hereinbefore described may be applied also in cases
where the wick is ignited at top in the usual way.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In lamps for burning oil or liquid hydrocarbon a wick with its side or
sides exposed for ignition and with its top covered over substantially as hereinbefore
described.
2. In lamps for burning oil or liquid hydrocarbon a wick covered at top and
confined between tubes one of which is a sliding regulating and extinguishing tube
of mica or other material movable so as to leave more or less of the side or sides of
the wick exposed, to regulate the flame or so as to completely cover the wick to
extinguish the flame substantially as hereinbefore described.
3. In or for lamps for burning oil or liquid hydrocarbon a wick made from
a mixture of powdered pumice-stone and tar or other carbonizable matter such for
instance as starch-sugar or the like in combination or not with silicate of soda or
potash substantially as hereinbefore described.
4. The combination of parts for a lamp for burning oil or liquid hydrocarbon
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 20th day of August 1895.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.