IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOXES, CARTRIDGE CASES, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Thomas Hughes, of the Firm of Hughes
and Son, Patent Agents, 123, Chancery Lanc, London, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOXES, CARTRIDGE
CASES, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES."-A communication from abroad
by Charles Stark Wells, of Springfield, County of Hampden,
State of Massachusetts, United States of America.
Scaled the 1st September 1871, and dated the 7th March 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Thomas Hughes
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 7th March 1871.
I, EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son,
Patent Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
BOXES, CARTRIDGE CASES, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES," (a communication

page_text: to mo from abroad by Charles Stark Wells, of Springfield, County
of Hampden, State of Massachusetts, United States of America, to be
as follows:
This Invention relates to the manufacture of molded or pressed
boxes, cartridge cases, and other receptacles by the use of a pulp or
composition which will not shrink or swell or otherwise materially chango
its form after being molded or pressed.
I use as a basis any kind of pulp whether manufactured from wood,
waste rags, or any other substance, and in a moistened or plastic state, so
that it may readily take the form of the mold or dio; and to further
strengthen the pulp animal fibre may be mingled therewith, which
tends greatly to combine and strengthen the fibres of the pulp and to
improve the toughness and elasticity. I add one pound of dextrine,
one-eighth of a pound of tragacanth, one-fourth pound of glycerine, and
ten pounds of pulp, or in about these proportions. This makes a com-
position which produces in a mold or dic, a box, cartridge case, or other
similar article, which will always retain materially the same form as
when taken from the dic or mold with no very preceptible variation by
shrinkage from drying and at the same time the box, cartridge case,
or other article is very clastic as the gums used render the articlo
very hard upon the surface when dry, and the glycerine gives the mass
within a certain degree of moisture which renders it clastic to a greater
or lesser degree. This hardness and elasticity combined is very desirable
in the manufacture of certain articles, and is particularly desirablo in
the manufacturo of cartridge cases, as the force of the explosion tends
to expand the cartridge case within the gun to fill the chamber while
it is sufficiently hard to retain its form under all ordinary circumstances,
and in the packing and transportation of boxes these qualities causo
them to retain their form and yot prevents them from being easily
broken.
These proportions may be varied in the manufacture of articles
according as it is desired to have the different qualities of elasticity or
hardness predominate, and also according to the different kinds of pulp
used as pulp manufactured from wood or other vegetable matter may
require less dextrine than the ordinary paper stock, but when no
glycerine is used the article manufactured becomes hard and dry
throughout, and when it is added in more or less quantities the article

page_text: manufactured retains a corresponding condition of internal moisture and
clasticity.
In the manufacture of some articles, such as boxes, &c., it may be
desirable to paste plain or ornamental paper either inside or outside, or
both, to improve the appearance, and in the manufacture of cartridge
cases it may be desirable to put paper, thin metal, or other material upon
the outside or inside, or both, to operate as a reinforcement, and in either
case none of the clasticity or other desirable quality of the article will
be injured or destroyed.
In the manufacture of either of the above-named articles the com-
position is used in a plastic state and any desirable form may be given
to it by means of a mold or die of the required exterior form of the
article, and an inside counter die or punch of the required inside form
of the article, with sufficient space between to press in an amount of
pulp necessary to give it the desired strength and body.
It will be seen that in the manufacture of different articles the pulp
may be tempered with the gums and glycerine according to the
desired degree of hardness or elasticity or both in the manufactured
article.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Thomas Hughes in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 6th September 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent Agents,
123, Chancery Lane, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, Her special
licence, that I, the said Edward Thomas Huglies, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward Thomas
Hughes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-

page_text: after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOXES, CARTRIDGE CASES, AND
OTHER SIMILAR ÅRTICLES," a communication to me from abroad by Charles
Stark Wells, of Springfield, County of Hampden, State of Massachusetts,
United States of America, upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Edward Thomas Hughes, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Thomas IIughes, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the samo
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, that is to say :-
-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of moulded or pressed
boxes, cartridge cases, and other receptacles, by the use of a pulp or
composition which will not shrink or swell or otherwise materially change
its form after being moulded or pressed.
In the accompanying Sheet of Drawings Figure 1 represents a vertical
central section of one modification of this Invention.
Figure 2 a like section of another modification; and Figures 3 and 4 |
sectional views of an internal reinforcement.
I use as a basis any kind of pulp, whether manufactured from wood,
waste rags, or any other substance, and in a moistened or plastic state,
so that it may readily take the form of the mould or die, and to further
strengthen the pulp animal fibre may be mingled therewith, which tends
greatly to combine and strengthen the fibres of the pulp, and to improve
the toughness and clasticity I add one pound of dextrine, one-eighth of
a pound of tragacanth, one-fourth of a pound of glycerine, and ten
pounds of pulp, or in about these proportions. This makes a composition
which produces in a mould or die, a box, cartridge case, or other similar
article, which will always retain materially the same form as when

page_text: taken from the dic or mould, with no very perceptible variation by
shrinking from drying; and at the same time the box, cartridge case, or
other article is very elastic, as the gums used render the article very
liard upon the surface when dry, and the glycerine gives the mass within
a certain degree of moisture, which renders it elastic to a greater or
lesser degree. This hardness and elasticity combined is very desirable
in the manufacture of certain articles, and is particularly desirable in
the manufacture of cartridge cases, as the force of the explosion tends
to expand the cartridge case within the gun to fill the chamber, while
it is sufficiently hard to retain its form under all ordinary circumstances
and in the packing and transportation of boxes these qualities cause them
to retain their form, and yet prevent them from being easily broken.
These proportions may be varied in the manufacture of articles
according as it is desired to have the different qualities of clasticity or
hardness predominate, and also according to the different kinds of pulp
used, as pulp manufactured from wood or other vegetable matter may
require less dextrine than the ordinary paper stock, but when no glycerino
is used the article manufactured becomes hard and dry throughout, and
when it is added in more or less quantities, the article manufactured
retains a corresponding condition of internal moisture and elasticity.
In the manufacture of some articles, such as boxes, it may be
desirable to paste plain or ornamental paper either inside or outside,
or both, to improve the appearance, and in' the manufacture of cartridge
cases it may be desirable to put paper, thin metal, or other material
upon the outside, or inside, or both, to operate as a reinforcement, and
in either case none of the clasticity or other desirable quality of the
article will be injured or destroyed.
In the manufacture of either of the above-named articles, the com-
position is used in a plastic state, and any desirable form may be given
to it by means of a mould or die of the required exterior form of tho
article, and an inside counter die or punch of the required inside form
of the article, with sufficient space between to press in an amount of
pulp necessary to give it the desired strength and body.
It will be seen that in the manufacture of different articles the pulp
may be tempered with the gums and glycerine according to the
desired degree of hardness or clasticity, or both, in the manufactured
article.

page_text: And, seventhly. A cartridge formed from the composition with a
cup e through the head of the cartridge to receive the cap or percussion
device, substantially as herein-before described and illustrated in the
accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of September,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
one.