IMPROVED THREADS FOR WEAVING, AND A MACHINE FOR MAKING THE SAME. WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE WINDING OR COATING OF ONE THREAD WITH ANOTHER
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, E.C., Patent Agent, for the Invention of
"IMPROVED THREADS FOR WEAVING, AND A MACHINE FOR MAKING THE
SAME. WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE WINDING OR COATING OF ONE THREAD
WITH ANOTHER." -A communication from abroad by Alphonse Loiseau,
of Bernay, France.
Sealed the 20th April 1860, and dated the 27th October 1859..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald
Brooman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 27th October 1859.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, E.C., Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVED THREADS FOR WEAVING AND A MACHINE FOR MAKING
THE SAME. WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE WINDING OR COATING OF ONE THREAD
ANOTHER." (communicated to me from abroad by Alphonse Loiseau,
of Bernay, France,) to be as follows:-
This Invention consists, firstly, in forming a thread with a cotton or other
core, and with an exterior or face of wool or silk obtained from wool or silk,
waste woollen or silk fibres, previously used or otherwise, which after being
carded are formed in any of the ordinary nodes into a sliver or thread, which
sliver or thread is wound on or round the core by any machine adapted to the
Price 8d1

page_text: purpose. Cloth made from these woollen threads has a novel effect, and will
be both cheap and durable.
The Invention consists, secondly, in an arrangement of machinery for
coating or covering a core with a thread of wool, or for surrounding a core of
any material with a thread of any desired material. I proceed to describe the
machine in which a cotton core is to be covered with a thread or sliver of
woollen waste. Upon a suitable frame there are mounted bobbins carrying
the woollen threads, and a roller on which the cotton is wound; there are
pressure rollers through which the cotton thread passes, and which keep it in
a state of sufficient tension while the woollen thread is being wound on it.
Both threads are carried down, and the woollen thread through a flyer, which
being caused to revolve, completely covers the core, and the mixed thread is
then wound on to a bobbin or reel; the frane upon which the reel is
mounted has an up and down motion in order that the thread may be regularly
wound thereon. In the same machine several threads are being manu-
factured at the same time, there being as many receiving bobbins as finished
threads; the various motions are all derived from one main shaft.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 27th April 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, E.C.,
Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of October, intheyear ofour
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that I, the said
Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, usc,. exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for IMPROVED THREADS FOR WEAVING AND A
MACHINE FOR MAKING THE SAME. WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE WINDING OR

page_text: COATING OF ONE THREAD WITH ANOTHER," (a communication from abroad by
Alphonse Loiseau, of Bernay, France,) upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my-executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
ánnexed, that is to say :-
:!
This Invention consists, firstly, in forming a thread with a cotton or other'
core, and with an exterior or face of wool or silk obtained from wool or silk
paste, woollen or silk fibres, previously used or otherwise, which, after being
carded, are formed in any of the ordinary modes into a sliver or thread, which
sliver or thread is wound on or round the core by any machine adapted to the'
purpose. Cloth inade from these woollen threads has a novel effect, and will
be both cheap and durable.
The Invention consists, secondly, in an arrangement of machinery for
coating or covering a core with a thread of wool, or for surrounding a core of
any material with a thread of any desired material. I proceed to describe the
machine in which a cotton core is to be covered with a thread or sliver of
wcollen waste. Upon a suitable frame there are mounted bobbins carrying the
woollen threads, and a roller on which the cotton is wound; there are pressure
rollers through which the cotton thread passes, and which keep it in a state of
sufficient tension while the woollen thread is being wound on it; both threads
are carried down, and the woollen thread through a flyer, which being caused
to revolve completely covers the core, and the mixed thread is then wound on
to a bobbin or reel; the frame upon which the reel is mounted has an up-and-
down motion, in order that the thread may be regularly wound thereon. In the
same machine several threads are being manufactured at the same time, there
being as many receiving bobbins as finished threads. The various motions are
all derived from one main shaft.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a front view of a machine con-
structed according to this Invention. Figure 2 is' a'view taken on the right
hand side; and Figure 3 is a view taken on the left-hand side of the same
:

page_text: 2
machine. The same letters of reference refer to like parts in all the Figures.
a, a, are bobbins carrying woollen threads j,j; v, v, are counterweights sus-
pended from the bobbins; b, b, are grooved guide pulleys. c, c, are throats or
collars formed or fitted on the end of grooved rollers d, d. i, are guides
mounted on spindles q which carry the flyers le, k, and the reels l, l. fis a
roller or cylinder carrying the cotton threads, j; i, i, are guides fitted to
the frame, and g, g, are pressure rollers. The cotton threads j.j¹, are lead
from the roller through the guides i, between the rollers d, d, and g. g, to the
guides .. The woollen threads j,j, are led from the bobbins a, a, beneath the
guide pulleys b, b, back and over the throats or collars c, c, to the guides ¹.
The cotton and woollen threads meet at an angle of the guides ', and pass on
together to the flyers k, l. On motion being communicated to the said flyers,
the woollen threads become twisted round the cotton threads, the latter being
kept in sufficient tension by the pressure rollers d, d, and g, g, whilst the
twisting is taking place, and the two threads twisted into one (the cotton
thread forming a core to the woollen) are wound on to the reels 1, . The
reels,, have an up-and-down motion imparted to them in order to produce
the necessary regularity in the winding of the thread, and this motion is pro-
duced in the following manner:-The reels are arranged on a frame, by
preference in wood, which is in connection with the machine through a hori-
zontal lever n (Figure 2), having its fulcrum at n¹. One end of this lever
carries a small roller which is acted on by a cam or heart wheel o, fixed to the
wheel 4 in such manner that as the heart wheel o revolves it, through the lever
n, imparts to the frame which carries the reels an up an down motion.
are pullies mounted on the vertical spindles q, 2; and T is a drum or cylinder
mounted on a shaft t. s, s, are straps passing round the pulleys 1, 2, and the
drum T, by which means rotary motion is communicated to the spindles q.
By employing an auxiliary pulley, one strap will drive three or more of the
pulleys r,; each pulley is furnished with a counterweight in order to stretch
the straps or bands s. Motion is imparted to the machine through the fast
pulley A mounted on the shaft t, which communicates motion to the bevil
wheels 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. The grooved rollers or cylinders d and the
wooden rollers g are driven in the following manner :-The bevil wheels 8
and 9, which are mounted on the same shaft, drive through the wheel 7, the
first row of cylinders shewn at Figure 2. The wheel 9 gears into the wheel
11, the latter wheel, being mounted on the same shaft as the third row of
cylinders, communicates motion to all in that row. The shaft on which the
wheel is mounted also carries the wheel 18 (Figure 3), which gears into the
wheel 19, and the latter wheel gearing into the wheel 12, a rotary motion is

page_text: thus communicated to the shaft on which the intermediate row of cylinders is
mounted. For the cylinders on the back part of the machine an arrange-
ment is adopted similar to that described for driving the other cylinders, the
toothed wheels 14, 15, 16, and 17 being employed for communicating the
intermediate motion. The roller carrying the cotton thread is put in
motion by the lower f¹ driven by the wheel 4 through the wheel 13. The
action of the eccentric o is produced in the following manner :-The shaft t
carries an endless screw (Figure 3) gearing into a horizontal wheel 20, the
shaft of which carries a pinion 21 gearing into a vertical pinion 22, carrying
on its axis a wheel 23, which gearing into the wheel 24,communicates motion
to the shaft ou which the eccentrico is mounted. The machine just described
can be also employed for the "doubling" of silk, wool, yarn, cotton, threads,
and the like, whether they are used separately or combined with other
materials.
The distinctive characteristics in this machineare,--first, entirely surround-
ing the thread or core by a material intended to be alone visible; second,
regulating the tension of the threads while being covered and wound in such
manner that the coating filaments are not injured; third, by the simultaneous
double action of the machine a great quantity of material is produced.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,-
.
First, the employment of woollen waste and like materials for the manu-
facture of cloth in the manner hereiu-before described.
Second, the forming a thread with a cotton or other core, and with an
exterior or face of wool, in the manner and for the purposes herein-before
described.
And, third, the arrangement of machinery for coating or covering a core
with a thread of wool, or for surrounding a core of any material with a thread
of any desired material, herein-betore described and illustrated in the accom-
panying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of April, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty.
R. A. BROOMAN. (L.B.)