the Fumes therefrom and in Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Jan., 1888
Specification Accepted, 10th Feb.. 1888
the Fumes therefrom and in Apparatus therefor.
We BRIERLEY Denham Healey of Bamber Bridge in the County of Lancaster and
BENJAMIN HOWARTH THWAITE of 37 Victoria Street Liverpool in the said County
both Civil Engineers do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to a new method of applying gaseous fuel and to the necessary
apparatus required in the application of same for treating towns refuse and the
empreumatic vapours which pass off from the furnaces of towns refuse crematories.
The gaseous fuel may be produced in apparatus of any well known type such as
the Healey or the Thwaite Gas producers for which small coke, screened cinders, and
other inferior fuel may be used.
In order that this Invention may be well understood we will describe it with
reference to the accompanying three sheets of drawings but before proceeding to do
so we wish it to.be distinctly understood that we do not wish to be confined to the
exact details therein shewn, as it will be easily seen that they may be considerably
modified without departing from the nature of our Invention.
Figure 1 on Sheet 1 of drawings-shews in section the application of our
Invention to refuse furnaces which are built in single rows, with the gaseous fuel
combustion chamber upon arches over the furnace-(see specification 10035 A.D. 1884).
Note gaseous fuel is hereinafter referred to for brevity by the word gas.
The gas conduit 1 is laid across the top of the furnace and is connected to the main
gas supply tube in any convenient manner. In the bottom of said gas conduit tube
we form several small gas ports 2, and at say about 9 inches from centre to centre
and we provide igniting holes or openings in the front wall.
The combustion chamber contains two or three sets of pointed firebrick piers or
pillars 3-placed in line or crossways-similar to those shewn in figure 3.
Figure 2, Sheet 1 of drawings shews in section the application of our Invention to
the Duplex form of refuse furnaces which are built with reversing valves between
back and front fires. (See specification 9342 A.D. 1886).

page_text: Gas is conducted through tubes or pipes 4 by means of tuyeres or jet pipes 5 into
and over the arches of the clinker withdrawing doors 6.
The tuyeres are provided with stoppers or slides, which allow of any accumulation
of soot to be cleaned from them, the main gas supply tubes 7 are shewn above the
furnaces, but it is obvious that they may be fixed at a lower level or brick flues may
be formed under the lower floor for main conduits, in this arrangement of our system
either one or both sets of gas jets may be lighted at the same time or they may
be regulated so that one may be of greater power than the other, as circumstances
may require.
Figure 3 is a plan and figure 4 a longitudinal section of part of the main flue,
shewing the application of our invention for burning the combustible gases, and
deodorising or disinfecting the incombustible gases which are evolved from refuse
furnaces wherein our gas apparatus is not used. The sectional area of the flue is
increased so as to maintain the full flue area between the pointed firebrick piers 8.
Behind the pillars in first and second tiers are gas ports 9 which are connected with
the gas flues 10, and a lighting door 11. is provided for each line of ports. The gas
flues 12 are connected to main gas supply-underground or overhead, as circumstances
may dictate as being most desirable.
The firebrick pillars are. pointed facing the direction of inflow of the gases and the
passages thus formed between the piers or pillars, are trumpet shaped in plan.
We prefer to employ an excess of gas over the supply which we desire to completely
oxidise or consume, in order to produce a smoky-or reducing nature of combustion-
so as to provide a supply of carbon, to assist in the deodorising and disinfection of the
empreumatic vapours.
In each modification suitable valves are provided for regulating the supply of gas
to each set of ports, various well known details of construction are omitted from the
drawings and description. The modifications herein shewn and explained will suggest
all that is required in applying our invention to other forms of furnaces. Another
modification of our Invention comprises the arrangement of a set of gas ports 5 above
the door 6 (See figure 5 Sheet 1 of drawings) instead of, or in addition to the
admission of the gas at the top of said furnace, this latter arrangement is for burning
substances or organic bodies which do not require firebars, a firebrick bed is built
that inclines slightly towards a gutter 13, the latter forming part of the door cell.
In another modification of our Invention we employ a revolving and inclined type
of furnace and adopt the arrangement shewn in figure 6, sheet 2 of drawings, and of
which figures 7 8 and 9 are cross sections through lines indicated thereon, figure 6
representing a longitudinal section.
The gas enters the combustion chamber 14 by means of a gas flue 15. The flow of
combustion passes over the midfeather wall 16, and enters the revolver 17, into and
through the agitated mass of refuse which is charged through the door 18 and falls
onto the inclined floor 19.
The empreumatic vapours given off by the refuse pass through outlet openings 20
into flues 21, by which they are led into the deodorising and disinfecting chamber 22,
when by preference, the vapours are subjected to a slightly smoky and deodorising
nature of combustion of gas which issues from a gas flue 23. through a series of ports
24. The air to support combustion being supplied by an air flue 25-provided with
air regulating valves 26-and a series of ports 27. The proper and thorough admixture
of the reducing gases of combustion with the empreumatic vapours, is effected by a
series of baffler walls 27-built parrallel or otherwise in disinfecting and deodorising
chamber which is supplied with cleaning out doors 28, for removing deposited dust.
The refuse may be helped into mouth of revolver by mechanical pushers 30 (indicated
in longitudinal section,) or by fins.
The heat of combustion of the gases is partly transferred or transmitted to newly
charged refuse-through inclined arch 29 of disinfecting and deodorising chambers.
The arrangement shewn by Figures 10 and 11 sheet 3 of drawings is intended for
the treatment of liquid refuse matter such as the blood from slaughterhouses.
Figure 10 is a plan and figure 11 is a section. This duplex arrangement has a

page_text: reversing valve or two balanced dampers between the combustion chamber, at the
front end.
The illustrations shew two balanced dampers carried by a chain which passes over
pulley or pulleys 31, so that when one damper 32 is open, the other 33 is shut. The
combustion chambers are at the front end, and are provided with gas ports 34, and
air ports 35, and with a firebrick grating, upon which a fire is lighted when starting
the furnaces. In operation this furnace is reversed at frequent intervals-the intensity
or power of the two sets of gas flames being regulatable to suit requirements,
whilst one alternately acting combustion chamber supplies heat, for dealing with the
refuse matter under treatment the other chamber supplies heat to burn the combustibles
and deodorize and disinfect their resultant vapours. 36 represents the gas producing
apparatus with the supply or gas distributing mains 37.
Figure 13 shews a section of a crematory furnace built in connection with a pair
of gas producers of a simple and economic form of construction, 38 shews one gas
generating apparatus and 38× another, the flow of the gas being controlled by the
slide dampers 39, the gas then passes into the deodorizing and disinfecting chamber 40,
at the point of its egress and that of the air by valve 41 it is met by the empreumatic
vapour, from refuse chamber 42-which flows along the flue 43-and meeting with
combustible gases at the point of their ignition it is effectually intermingled
therewith.
The heat of combustion being transmitted to the mass of refuse matter-in addition
to that generated by its own combustion-through the arch 44. The vapours and
products of combustion escape by flue 45-a door 46 is provided for the withdrawal
of the deposited dust.
Figure 12 shews plans in sections of this modification of our arrangement, through
lines A B indicated on figure 13.
Having now particularly shewn and ascertained the nature of our said Invention
and in what manner the same may be performed we declare that what we claim is as
follows-
First. The application of gaseous fuel to assist in destroying by fire organic or
other towns refuse in furnaces in the manner substantially as herein shewn and
described.
Second. The application of gaseous fuel for deodorising and disinfecting the
empreumatic vapours emanating from the combustion of organic and other refuse,
substantially as herein shewn and described.
Third. The various details and modifications of the application of gaseous fuel for
the purposes set forth substantially, as herein shewn and described.
Dated this Fifth day of January 1888.
B. D. HEALEY,
B. H. THWAITE,
Applicants.