Year: 1897

page_text: I, JOHN EDWARD MELLOR, of 424, East 23rd Street, New York City, U.S.A.,
Bookkeeper, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
A new and useful improvement in window frames, which has for its object to
so construct a window and the frame thereof, as to permit the inward swinging of
the sashes, whereby access may be had to the outer surfaces for the purpose of clean-
ing, painting, repairing, and to give a larger opening for ventilation.
Referring to accompanying drawing
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a window made in accordance with my improvement.
Fig. 2 a detail section of a portion of the swinging frame illustrating the manner
of securing and balancing the sashes therein.
Fig. 3 a cross section of the frames, the swinging frame being partly open.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail section of one set of the balancing pulleys; and
Fig. 5 is a similar view of one of the bolts for securing the swinging frame in
position when closed.
A stationary frame A is provided which is set in the usual manner in the wall
of the building, and within this frame is fitted the swinging frame B, hinged to the
stationary frame at C.
Secured to the swinging frame are two locking plates F, provided with bolts G,
which bolts are adapted to engage with the internal threads of the escutcheon
plates H which are attached to the stationary frame. When the bolts are screwed
into the threaded escutcheon plates the swinging frame is held tightly within the
stationary frame.
Within the swinging frame are fitted, so as to slide in the usual manner; the two
sashes J and K; and these sashes may be balanced by means of the flexible metal
tapes L, passing upward therefrom and rolled round the flanged drums M and N,
which are mounted upon spindles and P, and actuated thereon by the coiled
springs Q.
The spindle O is provided with a shank T, which may revolve within the sleeve S
with which the spindle P is provided. A spring X is coiled round the sleeve S,
and so confined between the shoulders Y, as to give an outward thrust to the
spindles, and cause the pins V set in the said spindles, to engage with the teeth
of the ratchet plates W, and so prevent a retrograde movement when the tension,
of the springs Q has been increased by means of a suitable wrench applied to the
sockets U formed in the heads of the spindles O and P.
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page_text: An Improved Window Frame and Balances for Sashes thereof.
I, JOHN EDWARD MELLOR, 424, East 23rd Street, New York City, U.S.A., Book-
keeper, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
This invention relates to a new and useful improvement in window frames, and 5
has for its object to so construct a window and the frames thereof as to permit the
inward swinging of the sashes without disturbing their vertical guidance, whereby
access may be had to the outer surfaces of the window for the purposes of cleaning,
painting and repairing, and also to give a larger opening for the purposes of
ventilation.
With these ends in view this invention consists in the details of construction
and combination of elements hereinafter set forth, and then specifically designated
by the claims.
In order that those skilled in the art to which this invention appertains may
understand how to make and use the same, its construction and operation will now
be described in detail, referring to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of
this specification, in which-
1
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a window made in accordance with my improve-
ment. Figure 2 a detail section of a portion of the swinging frame, illustrating
the manner of securing and balancing the sashes therein; Figure 3 a cross section
of the frames, the swinging frame being partly opened; Figure 4, an enlarged
detail section of one set of the balancing pulleys, and Figure 5 is a similar view of
one of the locking bolts for securing the swinging frame in position when closed.
In carrying, out my invention I provide a stationary frame A of any suitable
design, which is set in the usual manner within the wall of the building so as to
form a casing for the window, and within this frame is fitted the swinging frame B,
hinged to the stationary frame at C and having its front edge D beveled, so as to
correspond with and fit snugly against the beveled surface E of the first named
frame. Two locking plates F are secured to the swinging frame opposite the
hinges C, and have secured therein, so as to turn upon their axes, the locking:
bolts G. These bolts are preferably provided with sockets in their heads for the
reception of a suitable wrench in order that they may be tightly screwed up when
occasion requires, and their threaded ends are adapted to engage the internal
threads formed in the escutcheon plates H, which latter are set within the stationary
frame, so as to be flush therewith, and have recesses formed therein for the reception;
of the wire collars I which serve to prevent the removal of the bolts from the lock-
ing plates. From this it will be seen that when the swinging frame is closed it
may be securely held against outward movement by the engagement of the bolts
with the threads in the escutcheon plates, and should these bolts be firmly screwed
up by the application of a wrench the swinging frame, will be caused to fit tightly
within and against the stationary frame, thereby forming a dust and waterproof
joint.
Within the swinging frame are fitted the upper and lower sashes J and K,
respectively, so as to slide in the ordinary manner, and these sashes may be balanced
by means of flexible metal tapes L, passing upward therefrom and coiled around
the flanged drums M and N.
The drums M and N are mounted upon the spindles O and P, respectively, and
are connected therewith by the coiled springs Q; so that when the tapes are drawn
downward said, springs will be wound, and when the tapes are permitted to move

page_text: upward they will be again coiled upon the drums by the reverse action of these
springs. The spindle O has a threaded shank R, which is screwed within the
sleeve S, which latter is fitted upon the shank T of the spindle P, so as to revolve
thereon, or permit said shank to revolve therein. The heads of each
of the spindles O and P are provided with sockets U for the applica-
tion of a wrench in adjusting the tension of the coiled springs in
order to adapt them to the weight of the sashes' suspended thereby, and a pin V is
set in each of these heads, so as to enter into engagement with the teeth of the
ratchet plates W, secured within the top portion of the swinging frame. A spring X
is coiled about the sleeve S and so confined between the shoulders Y as to give
the spindles O and P an outward thrust, thus insuring the engagement of the
pins, with the teeth of the ratchet-plates, so that when the spindles are revolved
to increase the tension of the coiled springs Q, the pins will be caused to reengage
with the teeth of these plates, thereby preventing a retrograde movement of the
spindles. The drum M is for balancing the lower sash and the drum N the upper
sash, and it is to be noted that 'there are two of these drums for each sash one upon
each side of the swinging casing.
The advantages of my, improved,window, are, obviously as follows: The glass of
the sashes can be cleaned without sitting or standing on the sill, and consequently
without danger to the operator; broken glass can be replaced without taking out
the sash; they are convenient for painting and for the ingress or egress of heavy!
pieces of furniture such as pianos and the like; can be built complete in a factory
and put in a building with a great saving of labor. It being unnecessary to take
out the sashes for any purpose, the usual removable parting strips and holdings
are dispensed with, and the sashes may therefore be better fitted than is now the
case, and are consequently more nearly waterproof and non-rattling; and in manu-
facture the guideways for the sashes may be applied by machinery thereby not
only producing more accurate work than is now possible, but also greatly cheapen-
ing the production of this work.
Another, advantage of my improvement is that when it is desired to increase the
ventilating capacity of a window, the swinging frame may be opened, which would
give a draft capacity equal to the clear space occupied by the sashes and also by
the swinging frame.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In a device of the character described, sash supports, drums upon which said
supports are wound, telescoping spindles carrying the drums, springs actuating the
drums in one direction, pins carried by the spindles, stationary ratchet plates with.
which the pins engage and means for forcing said spindles apart as and for the
purpose described.
2. In combination with a stationary frame, a swinging frame fitted and hinged
thereto, locking plates carried by the swinging frame, bolts carried by said plates,
threaded escutcheon plates secured to the stationary frame and adapted to receive
the threaded ends of the bolts, sashes fitted within the swinging frame so as to
slide vertically, and spring actuated drums connected by flexible tapes with the
sashes for counterbalancing the same substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
3. The herein described combination of the stationary frame, the swinging frame
fitted and hinged thereto, locking plates carried by the swinging frame, escutcheons
secured to the stationary frame, locking bolts carried by the locking plates and
adapted to be operated by a wrench, sashes fitted to slide within the swinging!
frame, flexible metallic tapes attached to the sashes, drums upon which said tapes
are wound, spindles upon which the drums are mounted, springs for actuating the
drums in one direction, pins carried by the spindles, stationary ratchet plates with
which said pins are adapted to engage, and a coiled spring arranged to force said

page_text: pins into engagement with said ratchet plates, substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
4. In a device of the character described, a casing, spindles journaled therein,
spring actuated drums mounted on the spindles, a shank formed on one spindle, a
sleeve secured on the other spindle and fitting over the shank, means for forcing
the spindles apart, pins carried by the spindles and ratchet plates on the casing with
which said pins engage as, and for the purpose described.
5. In a device of the character described, a casing, spindles journaled therein,
spring actuated drums on the spindles, pins carried by the spindles, ratchet plates
on the casing with which the pins engage, a shank and collar formed on one spindle,
and a sleeve having a collar threaded in the other shank and fitting over the shank,
and a spiral spring around the sleeve bearing against the two collars to force the
pins into engagement with the ratchet plates, as and for the purpose described.
Dated this 24th day of February 1897.