IM- PROVEMENTS IN WINCHES OR OTHER HOISTING OR HAULING MACHINES, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO MACHINES EM- PLOYED FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Archer, junior, of the Dunston Engine Works,
Dunston, in the County of Durham, Engineer, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN WINCHES OR OTHER HOISTING OR HAULING MACHINES,
PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO MACHINES EM-
PLOYED FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
Sealed the 8th August 1879, and dated the 19th February 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Archer at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th February 1879.
THOMAS ARCHER, junior, of the Dunston Engine Works, Dunston, in the County
of Durban, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN WINCHES OR OTHER HOISTING OR
HAULING MACHINES, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO
MACHINES EMPLOYED FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
My Invention relates generally to certain improvements in winches or other
hoisting or hauling machines, and may be thus briefly described.
The first motion shaft or driving axle of the winch, or hoisting or hauling
machine is supported in the usual mauner in the frame of the machine, and power
conveyed thereto by any approved means. Wrought or keyed upon the aforesaid
axle is an eccentric actuating a cog or toothed wheel, which I call the driving
wheel, gearing into cogs or teeth forming the interior of a special casting loosely
mounted upon the before mentioned axle. Thus far the description agrees with a
portion of my Invention described in the Specification of certain Letters Patent
granted to me and bearing date the 26th day of March 1878, No. 1202, but in
lieu of the means therein adopted to render effective the revolution of the aforesaid
driving wheel I employ a novel and effective arrangement of parts whereby the
said driving wheel is never "out of gear." Many devices have been employed for
this purpose, all of which have hitherto evolved certain objectionable properties
which render the differential wheels (as this mechanical power is called in combina-
tion with the aforesaid special casting) in actual practice of limited utility. To
remedy the objections I form on the back or on that face of the driving wheel
which does not enter the aforesaid special casting, and near the periphery, two
projections, the imaginary centre lines of which passed directly through the axis of
the driving shaft and through the opposite projection; these projections work in
slots cut in the face of a circular disc loosely mounted upon the aforesaid shaft. At
Donna R1

page_text: the back of the said disc are also projections similar to the foregoing, but the
imaginary centre lines of these latter are at right angles to that of the former. The
projections on the disc also work in suitable slots cut in the vertical face of a
standard or carriage carrying the aforesaid driving shaft, or it may be employed as
an accessory standard or carriage for the said shaft. The special casting before
alluded to may be formed into a forked or friction clutch, or it may constitute the
driving pinion of a machine, from whence motion and power may be derived and
used for a variety of purposes.
When employing this improvement to winches or other hoisting or hauling
machines I prefer to make the free end of the said special casting into a forked or
friction clutch, between which and between a friction or forked clutch keyed upon
the aforesaid driving axle a driving pinion is loosely mounted and capable of
moving longitudinally when required upon the said driving shaft. This driving
pinion engages with the teeth of a cog wheel secured to the axle of the winch
barrel, but no motion. is conveyed thereto until the said driving pinion is by any
suitable means gripped by one or the other of the clutches. If gripped by the
clutch keyed upon the said driving axle a quick motion is given to the winch
barrel; but if it engages with the clutch driven by the aforesaid differential wheels
a slow but powerful motive is imparted to the winch barrel or working parts of the
machine.
By the employment of the above improvement in winches or other hoisting or
hauling machines, I am enabled to dispense with many of the usual working parts
and "to whip" or "warp" from the same axle.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thomas Archer in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th August
1879.
"
THOMAS ARCHER, junior, of the Dunston Engine Works, Dunston, in the County
of Durham, Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS IN WINCHES OR OTHER HOISTING OR
HAULING MACHINES, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO
MACHINES EMPLOYED FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
My Invention-relates generally to certain improvements in winches or other
hoisting or hauling machines, and may be briefly described as follows:-
The first motion shaft or driving axle of the winch or hoisting or hauling
machine is supported in the usual manner by the framework of the machine, and
power is conveyed thereto by any approved means. Wrought or keyed upon the
aforesaid driving axle is an eccentric actuating a cog or toothed wheel, which I
call the driving wheel, gearing into cogs or teeth forming the interior of a special
casting (hereinafter more particularly described) loosely mounted upon the before
mentioned axle. Thus far the description agrees with a portion of my Invention
fully described in the Specification of certain Letters Patent granted to me, and
bearing date the 26th day of March 1878, No. 1202, but in lieu of the means
therein adopted to render effective the revolutions of the aforesaid driving wheel
I employ a novel and effective arrangement of parts whereby the said driving wheel
is never "out of gear." Many devices have been employed for this purpose, all of
which have hitherto evolved certain objectionable properties which render the
differential wheels (as this mechanical power is called the combination with the
aforesaid special casting) in actual practice of limited utility and restricted
application.
To remove these objections I form on the back or on that face of the driving
wheel, which does not enter the aforesaid special casting and near the periphery,
two projections, the imaginary centre lines of which pass directly through the
imaginary axis of the driving shaft, and through the centre of the opposite projec-
tion. These projections work in slots cut in the face of a circular disc also loosely
mounted upon the aforesaid shaft. At the back of the said disc are again projec-
tions similar to the foregoing, but the imaginary centre lines of these latter are at
right angles to those of the former. The projections on the back of the said disc
also work in suitable slots cut in the vertical face of the standard forming
part of the framework of the machine, or an accessory standard or carriage
may be employed for this purpose, and to add rigidity and steadiness to the driving
axle.
The special casting before alluded to may be formed into a forked or friction
clutch, or it may constitute the driving pinion of a machine, from whence motion
and power may be derived and used for a variety of purposes.
When employing this portion of my improvements to winches or other hoisting
or hauling machines I prefer to make the free end of the said casting into a forked
or friction clutch, between which and between a friction or forked clutch keyed
upon the aforesaid driving axle, a driving pinion is loosely mounted and capable of
moving longitudinally when required upon the said driving shaft. This driving
pinion engages with the teeth of a spur wheel secured to the axle of the winch
barrel, but no motion is conveyed thereto unless the said driving pinion is by any
suitable means gripped by one or the other of the clutches. If it be gripped by the
clutch keyed upon the said driving axle, a quick motion is given to the winch
barrel; but if it engages with the clutch forming part of the special casting a slow
but powerful motion is imparted to the winch barrel or working parts of the
machine.
By the employment of the above described improvements in winches or other

page_text: hoisting or hauling machines I am enabled to dispense with many of the usual
working parts and to "whip" or "warp" from the same axle.
In the accompanying Drawings I have shewn in Figure 1 a perspective view of
a steam winch arranged and constructed after my Invention, and to be employed
on board a steamship for "whipping" and "warping" purposes; Figures 2 and 3 t
shew respectively an elevation and side view of a hand winch or crab used for
hoisting purposes; Figure 4 is an ordinary capstan, which may be fitted at the
bottom with my Invention in a manner somewhat similar to that described in my
former Specification, No. 1202, dated 26th March 1878. In Figure 5 I have shown
an arrangement of gearing whereby. a greater diversity or range of speed and
power may readily be obtained. Figures 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are details of the
special casting and of the novel arrangements of parts before alluded to.
In these Figures e is the first motion shaft or driving axle properly supported by
the standards b, b, forming part of the framework of the machine. Power and
motion is conveyed to this shaft by the steam cylinder c' and connecting rod d' and
crank wheel d. Upon this shaft is wrought or keyed the eccentric d (not seen in
Figure 1) which actuates the cog or toothed wheel b, see Figures 6 and 8. This
wheel I call the driving wheel, as it drives or imparts motion to the "special
casting" c, see Figures 6 and 8 for details, in which 1-2, are the teeth of the
differential wheels, and 4 the fomale clutch end of the special casting. 5-5-5 are
linings interposing between the quickly revolving shaft and the more slowly
moving differential wheels and clutches. ff, Figure 6, are the projections on the back
face of the driving wheel working in the slots cut in the face of the disc u (see also
Figure 7, which is a section on line A, A, Figure 6). At the back of the disc are
projections g, g, also working in slots cut in the face of the standard C. These slots
are necessarily stationary, whereas the slots and projections before inentioned
follow in a measure the direction of the eccentric d, causing the disc to move to and
fro, and the driving wheel b to move up and down in respect to the disc. The com-
bination of these two peculiar movements produce in the special casting ca rotary
motion which may be conveyed direct to the working parts of the machine by
forming the end c* of the said casting into a pinion wheel. But I prefer to form
this end into a clutch to receive the male clutch ke¹ of the driving pinion 8, Fig. 1.
This pinion runs loose on the axle and gears with the spur wheel. It is cast with
male clutches k, k', at either end to engage with female clutches, one, k*, being keyed
on the shaft e, and the other forming part of the special casting c; the pinion is
capable of moving longitudinally along the said driving axle, and is put into or out
of gear by any ordinary means. When the machine is out of gear neither of the
clutches are engaged, but when the pinion wheel is made to engage with a clutch
keyed upon the driving axle a quick but weak motion is imparted to the machine,
and the machine may then be employed for "whipping" or "hoisting," the rope or
tackle for that purpose being wound round the drum n fixed upon the working
shaft o, upon which is also fixed the winch barrel p, the additional drum n*, and
the spur wheel before mentioned; is the steam pipe supplying steam to the
cylinder c¹; m, m³, are cog wheels, which are set in motion by pulling over in the
right direction the hand lever h, and they give when in action a longitudinal
motion to the said pinion, causing it to engage, if for "warping" or hauling pur-
poses, with the female clutch forming part of the special casting c as before stated;
for "whipping" purposes however the pinion is made by a reverse action of the
hand lever to engage with the clutch *. The said clutches may either be forked
or friction as may suit particular cases.
In Figures 2 and 3 the whole machine is constructed upon the same principle as
in Figure 1, but it is put into or out of gear by tightening or loosening the brake
strap 8. The casting or sheave t in Figure 3 runs loose upon the axle e, and
supplies the place and performs the duty of the fixed standard O in Figure 1. It
is in-like manner slotted and receives the projections of the disc (not shewn in these
Figures). To put the machine into gear the casting t is held fast by turning in the
proper direction the hand wheel u; this action causes the strap to grip the casting,

page_text: and thus prevent it revolving with the axle, see also enlarged details, Figures 9
and 10.
When a fast and weak motion of the winch barrel is required the strap. round
the sheave & should be sufficiently loosened; the sheave and all the parts would
then turn together if there be little or no weight on the winch barrel. The winch
barrel is cast and constructed in manner as described in my Specification already
mentioned.
Figure 5 requires no further explanation than that afforded by the Drawing.
The letters and figures marked thereon correspond to parts already described.
Figures 6, 7, and 8 are enlarged details of my "novel and effective arrangement of
parts," and consists, as before described, of 1st, a fixed standard C or its equivalent ;
2nd,-a-disc-a with-slotted-hole a* (to allow of horizontal play), and projections g,G,
and slots f*,*; 3rd, a toothed or cog wheel b having projections f, f, cast upon
its back face, and gearing into the special casting c, which is similar to that already
described in my former Specification, No. 1202,
Having now particularly described the nature and object of my said Invention,
together with the means of carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be
understood that I claim the arrangement and construction of winches or other
hoisting or hauling machines, substantially as and in the manner above described
and shewn upon the accompanying Drawing, as well as the employment of the
"novel and effective arrangement of parts" in machines employed for other
purposes than those above described, as, for instance, in turning and drilling
machines where differential wheel gearing may be employed with advantage.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Archer, junior, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.