IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR STAMPING, PULVERIZING, AND DRESSING ORES, AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Boyns, of Saint Just, near Penzance, in
the County of Cornwall, Mine Agent, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR STAMPING, PULVERIZING,
AND DRESSING ORES, AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES."
"'
Sealed the 7th March 1876, and dated the 1st October 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Boyns at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st October 1875.
I, JOHN BOYNS, of Saint Just, near Penzance, in the County of
Cornwall, Mine Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR STAMPING,
PULVERIZING, AND DRESSING ORES, AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists of the improvements herein-after described in
machinery or apparatus for stamping, pulverizing, and dressing ores,
which said improvements, although especially applicable to machinery
'

page_text: for stamping, pulverizing, and dressing ores may also be applied to
machinery for stamping, pulverizing, and dressing other materials.
My improvements in machinery for stamping or crushing ores, and for
other like purposes, are as follows:-I make the lifters for lifting the
stamp heads by which the crushing is effected of about one half the
ordinary length, and of about double the ordinary weight, and the
greatest substance of metal is disposed or located at the point near
which the stamp head is fixed to the lifter, that is at the point where the
lifter is most liable to break. I make the lifters by preference of
wrought or cast iron, but I do not limit myself thereto. I make the
guides in which the lifters work open in front, so that each lifter can be
removed from its guide for repair or for other purpose without interfering
with the action of the other lifters. On each side of the lifter is a rib,
which ribs take into corresponding grooves in the guide.
By raising any one of the lifters until its ribs have been raised from
the grooves described the said lifter can be drawn forward and removed
at the opening in front of the guide. The tongue near the top of the
lifter, by which the said lifter is raised, is made to slide on the top of the
lifter, and by a series of packing rings and a cross cotter its distance from
the top of the lifter may be adjusted. The descent of the tongue on the
lifter may be prevented by a small wedge driven between it and the lifter
from the under side of the tongue. The height of the tongue is adjusted
on the lifter, as required, to suit the gradual shortening of the stamp
head by wear. The stamp head is connected to the lifter by means of a
recess in the bottom of the lifter, in which recess a projection on the
top of the stamp head enters, the said projection being made to fit the
said recess by means of slips of dry wood inserted between them. As
the stamp heads work in water the slips of wood swell and fix the
stamp heads tightly to the lifters. The cams by which the lifters are
raised are made to lift the tongue close to the lifter, and thereby work
with less friction than when the said cams act upon the outer part of
the tongue first; or the cams may be forked so as to embrace the lifter
and the acting end of the cam be made to act on the middle of the
tongue on each side of the lifter.
My improvements in pulverizing machinery are as follows:-I make
the two grinding surfaces either flat or concave, the lower fixed grinding
surface being situated in a trough of water, and the upper rotating

page_text: grinding surface being geared to the driving mechanism in the following
manner-On the upper side of the said rotating surface are two
brackets, with which the forked end of the vertical driving spindle
engages, and by which engagement the said rotating surface is driven
and is raised and lowered. Near the middle of the driving spindle is a
flange by which the rotating surface may be raised by a lever when
required.
The bevil wheel by which the machine is driven slides by means of a
sliding key or feather on the driving spindle, and is raised to the required
height by a block of wood inserted between its flange and the flange
on the spindle described. The block of wood is kept in its place by a
small pin, and the lower bearing is lubricated through a hole in the said
flange. The weight of the bevil wheel and spindle rests on the rotating
surface and increases its grinding power. When the rotating surface is
worn it may be used in place of the bottom plate or surface. The fixed
and rotating surfaces are provided with the requisite radial inclines, and
the upper or rotating surface has a number of small holes in it through
which the finely powdered ore passes. The matter to be pulverized is
placed in a long inclined box, and by means of a stream of water is
delivered through the central opening in the upper or rotating surface.
The box is not only inclined from end to end, but is also inclined from
side to side. Near the bottom of the higher long side of the box or
trough a strip of wood is fixed to keep the watercourse clear. The
pulverizer may be driven from the end of the shaft by which the
stamps are driven.
The pulverized ore, after having passed through the stamping mill and
pulverizer suspended with the refuse in water, is dressed by a dressing
machine constructed in the following manner:-The dressing machine
consists of a circular or polygonal rotating table slightly conical, and
› divided concentrically with its axis into a series of annular divisions
constituting ring-like steps, over which the material falls from the
central to the circumferential portions of the table. Surrounding the
table, and at a slightly lower level, is a fixed annular table. The ground
matter suspended in water is delivered into a small well at the centre of
the table, and from thence flows over the conical face of the table, a slow
rotatory motion being communicated to the table by worm and worm
wheel or other gearing. The earthy matter mixed with the ore is carried
by the water and falls over the edge of the rotating and fixed table into

page_text: a receptacle. The ore or heavy matter is deposited on the face of the
'rotating table and is washed therefrom to the outer fixed table by streams
of water delivered from jets in fixed pipes. The oro is thereby carried
on to the outer fixed table on which it is washed and from which it is
carried by streams of water from jets in a pipe carried by the rotating 5
table and received in a receptacle, from whence it is removed to the
ordinary dressing floors.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Boyns in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 11th March 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
BOYNs, of Saint Just, near Penzance, in the County of Cornwall, Mino
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said John Boyns, Her special
license, that I, the said John Boyns, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said John Boyns, my executors, ad- 1
ministrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY S
OB APPARATUS FOR STAMPING, PULVERIZING, AND DRESSING ORES, AND FOR OTHER
LIKE PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
John Boyns, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, 8
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Boyns, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, that is to say :—
My Invention consists of the improvements herein-after described in
machinery or apparatus for stamping, pulverizing, and dressing ores,
which said improvements although especially applicable to machinery
for stamping, pulverizing, and dressing ores, may also be applied to
machinery for stamping, pulverizing, and dressing other materials.
My improvements in machinery for stamping or crushing ores and
for other like purposes are as follows :—I make the lifters for lifting the
stamp heads by which the crushing is effected of about one-half the
ordinary length, and of about double the ordinary weight, and the
greatest substance of metal is disposed or located at the point near which
the stamp head is fixed to the lifter, that is, at the point where the lifter
is most liable to break. I make the lifters by preference of wrought or
cast iron, but I do not limit myself thereto. I make the guides in
which the lifters work open in front so that each lifter can be removed
from its guide for repair, or for other purpose without interfering with
the action of the other lifters. On each side of the lifter is a rib, which
ribs take into corresponding grooves in the guides.
By raising any one of the lifters until its ribs have been raised from
the grooves described, the said lifter can be drawn forward and removed
at the opening in front of the guide. The tongue near the top of the
lifter by which the said lifter is raised is made to slide on the top of the
lifter, and by a series of packing rings and a cross cotter its distance
from the top of the lifter may be adjusted. The descent of the tongue
on the lifter may be prevented by a small wedge driven between it and
the lifter from the under side of the tongue. The height of the tongue
is adjusted on the lifter as required to suit the gradual shortening of the
stamp head by wear. The stamp head is connected to the lifter by
means of a recess in the bottom of the lifter, in which recess a projection
on the top of the stamp head enters, the said projection being made to fit.
the said recess by means of slips of dry wood inserted between them.
As the stamp heads work in water, the slips of-wood swell and fix the
stamp heads tightly to the lifters. The cams by which the lifters are
raised are made to lift the tongue close to the lifter, and thereby work

page_text: with less friction than when the said cams act upon the outer part or
the tongue first. Or the cams may be forked so as to embrace the
lifter, and the acting end of the cam be made to act on the middle of the
tongue on cach side of the lifter.
These improvements are illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, of the
accompanying Drawings.
Figure 1 represents in front elevation, partly in section, a series of
lifters, and their guides for stamping and crushing ores constructed
according to my Invention, and Figure 2 represents a front elevation of
one of the lifters.
· Figure 3 represents an edge view partly in section of Figure 1 in
combination with one of the cams for raising the lifters.
Figure 4 represents a plan of the cam, Figure 3, detached, and
Figure 5 represents a side elevation of one of the lifters in combination
with a lifting cam of a different construction from that represented in
Figures 3 and 4.
: The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in Figures 1, 2,
.3, 4, and 5.
a, a, are the lifters made by preference of wrought or cast iron, the
said lifters being of about half the ordinary length, and of about double
the ordinary weight. By an examination of the edge views, Figures 3
and 5, it will be seen that the said lifters expand below the guides to
the point where the stamp heads m are attached to them, so that the
greatest substance of metal is disposed at the part where the lifter is
most liable to break; d, d, are the ribs on each side of each lifter (see
Figure 2), and r, r, are the guides in which the lifters a, a, work.
These guides are open in front at ³, and are provided with grooves at 7³,
in which the ribs d of the lifters engage, as seen in Figures 1 and 3.
By raising any of the lifters a until its ribs have been raised from the
grooves in the guides r, the said lifter can be drawn forward and
removed at the opening in front of the guides. Each lifter a can
thus be removed from its guides r, r, for repair or otherwise, without
interfering with the action of the other lifters; ƒ are the tongues near
the tops of the lifters a, against which the lifting cams act to raise the
lifters. These tongues are capable of sliding and of being adjusted upon
the said lifters. Above the said tongues f are packing rings g, by

page_text: means of which the distance of the tongue from the top of the lifter
may be adjusted. These packing rings are fixed in their places by a
wedge h.
In the head of the lifter is a slot, through which a wedge is driven
to support the tongue f. By these means the height of the tongue ƒ on
the lifter may be adjusted with great nicety to suit the gradual
shortening of the stamp head by wear. The stamp head m is connected
to the lifter by a recess in its bottom, in which a projection m³ on the
stamp head enters, the said projection being made to fit the said recess
by means of slips of dry wood m³ inserted between them. As the
stamp heads m work in water the slips of wood at m³ swell and fix the
stamp heads tightly to the lifters.
One of my arrangements for raising the lifters a is represented in
Figure 5. The tongue ƒ has a projection f' on each side of it, as
represented, and the cams w on the rotating disc o are of such a length
and are so shaped that they lift the tongue ƒ close to the lifter a, as
represented. The parts thereby work with less friction than when the
cams w act upon the outer part of the tongue ƒ first.
Another of my arrangements for raising the lifters is represented in
Figures 3 and 4. In this arrangement the cams e are forked (sce the
plan, Figure 4), the said forked cams embracing the lifters a and acting
on the middle of the tongue fon each side of the lifter. The manner
in which the forked cam e acts on the middle of the lifter is best seen
in Figure 3.
The forked cams e, e, lift each lifter twice every revolution, and by
their use the stamping machine is enabled to effect a greater quantity
of work in a given time than when the ordinary cams are used.
My improvements in pulverizing machinery are as follows:-I make
the two grinding surfaces either flat or concave, the lower fixed grinding
surface being situated in a trough of water, and the upper rotating
grinding surface being geared to the driving mechanism in the following
manner-On the upper side of the said rotating surface are tivo
brackets, with which the forked end of the driving spindle engages, and
by which engagement the said rotating surface is driven and is raised
5 and lowered. Near the middle of the driving spindle is a collar, by
which the rotating surface may be raised by a lever when required.

page_text: The bevil wheel, by which the machine is driven, slides by means of
a sliding key or feather on the driving spindle, and is raised to the
required height by a block of wood inserted between its flange and the
flango on the spindle described. The block of wood is kept in its place
by a small pin, and the lower bearing is lubricated through a hole in
the said flange. The weight of the bevil wheel and spindle rests on the
rotating surface and increases its grinding power.
.
When the rotating surface is worn it may be used in place of the
bottom plate or surface. The fixed and rotating surfaces are provided
with the requisite radial inclines, and the upper or rotating surface has :
a number of small holes in it, through which the finely powdered ore
passes.
My improved pulverizing machinery is represented in Figures 6, 7, 8,
9, and 10 of the accompanying Drawings. Figure 6 represents a side
elevation of the machine; Figure 7 represents in section the two
grinding surfaces detached; Figure 8 represents a plan of upper side of
the same; Figure 9 is a diagram representing the periphery of Figure 8,
and Figure 10 represents one of the brackets of the machine detached..
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in Figures 6,7,
8, 9, and 10.
a, b, are the two grinding surfaces, which may be flat, as represented
in Figure 6, or concave, as in Figure 7, a being the rotating grinding
surface, and 6 the fixed grinding surface. The said grinding surfaces a, b,
are situated in the trough of water c. d is the vertical shaft for driving
the rotating upper surface a, its forked lower end d³ being connected to
the said rotating surface a by the lugs e, as represented. The shaft d
works in the two brackets f, g, (one of which is shown detached in
Figure 10). These brackets constitute the bearings of the shaft, and are
furnished with brasses as usual. In these brasses the shaft rotates, the
said shaft being also capable of a sliding motion in the said brasses.
The raising and lowering of the shaft e and parts carried by it are
effected by a lever inserted between the flange or collar i on the said
shaft. On the said shaft d is a bevil toothed wheel k, with which a
bevil wheel on the horizontal shaft m gears. By means of the bevil
The bevil wheel ⁄ 8
gearing k, l, the upper grinding surface a is rotated.
is connected to the shaft d by a sliding key, so that it may be thrown
into and out of gear with the bevil wheel 7 at pleasure. When raised on

page_text: the shaft d for gearing with the shaft the said wheel is kept at the
required height by a block of wood h, the latter being fixed by the pin
or cotter. The weight of the bevil wheel & and shaft or spindle d, ď³,
rests on the grinding surface a and increases its grinding power. The
3 fixed and rotating surfaces are provided with radial inclines, as repre-
sented in Figure 9, which exhibits the periphery of the upper grinding
surface a straightened. The said upper grinding surface is furnished
with holes, through which the finely powdered ores pass from between
the grinding surfaces. The matter to be pulverized is placed in a long
inclined box n, and by means of a stream of water is delivered through
the central opening a³ in the upper or rotating surface a. The box is
not only inclined from end to end, but is also inclined from side to side.
Near the bottom of the higher long side of the box or trough a strip of
wood is fixed to keep the watercourse clear.
The pulverized ore after having passed through the stamping mill
and pulverizer suspended with the refuse in water is dressed by a
dressing machine constructed in the following manner:-The dressing
machine consists of a circular or polygonal rotating table, slightly
conical, and which may be divided concentrically with its axis into a
séries of annular divisions constituting ring-like steps, over which the
material falls from the central to the circumferential portions of the
table. Surrounding the table and at a slightly lower level is a fixed
annular table b. The ground matter suspended in water is delivered
into a small well at the centre of the table, and from thence flows over
the conical face of the table, a slow rotatory motion being communicated
to the table by worm and worm wheel or other gearing. The earthy
matter mixed with the ore is carried by the water and falls over the
edge of the rotating and fixed tables into a receptacle. The ore or
heavy matter is deposited on the face of the rotating table, and is
washed therefrom to the outer fixed table by streams of water delivered
from jets in fixed pipes. The ore is thereby carried on to the fixed
table, on which it is washed, and from which it is carried by streams of
water from jets in a pipe carried by the rotating table and received
in a receptacle, from whence it is removed to the ordinary dressing
floors.

page_text: Figure 18 represents a plan of the supporting frame and gearing of
the rotating table. a is the rotating table, over which the material falls
from the central to the circumferential portions thereof, and 6 is the
fixed annular table situated at a slightly lower level than that of the
rotating table. At the lower edgo of the fixed table is an annular
divided trough 6. a³ is the hollow axis for giving rotation to the
table a; c is the fixed pipe conveying the ore and water from the
crushers. The inner end of this pipe opens into the small fixed well d
at the centre of the machine and a little above the rotating table a.
This well d has a perforated bottom, and the ore and water delivered:
into the said well pass through the perforated bottom on to the rotating
table.
I
The earthy matter mixed with the ore is carried by the water over the
rotating table a, and falls on to the fixed table b, and from thence is
carried into the receptacle b³; c is the rotating pipe fixed to and carried
by the rotating table a, delivering jets of water on to the fixed table b.
Clear water is delivered to the rotating pipe by the hollow axis a³, which
receives the said water from the pipe a'; f is the fixed pipe over tho
rotating table a, delivering jets of water on to the said rotating table a.
This pipe is connected by the vertical pipe with the horizontal pipe a³,
delivering the clear water into the hollow axis a³ of the rotating table.
By the operation of the combined fixed and rotating jets of water
delivered by the pipes and e, the ore or heavy matter delivered on to
the central part of the rotating table a is washed therefrom to the outer
edge thereof, and from thence to the fixed table b. The ore on the fixed
tablo is further washed by the jets of water from the rotating pipe e,
and the stream of water issuing from the open end of the said pipe e,
and is carried into the receptacle 6ª from whence it is removed to the
ordinary dressing floors. A jet is also made in the rotating pipo e near
the centro of the table a, which jet acts as a cleansing stream for
cleansing tho ore before it is washed off the outer table by the
rotating jets. By means of projections or retarding studs h, h, on the
rotating and fixed tables a, b, the ore is prevented from being too
rapidly carried off the said tables, and the thorough washing of the
ores thereby ensured. The slow rotatory motion of the central table a
is effected by the worm gearing represented, that is to say, on the top of
the hollow axis a² is a worm wheel i, in which wheel i worms ¼, ½ºª, on
opposite sides of it gear. These worms are geared together by the

page_text: Lastly. The general arrangement or combination of the parts herein-
before described and illustrated in Figures 11, 12, and 18 of the accom-
panying Drawings.
1
'
In witness whereof, I, the said John Boyns, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this First day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
Witness,
RICHARD SKERRETT,
Clerk to George Shaw,
Birmingham.
JOHN BOYNS. (L.S.)