An Improved Method of and Apparatus for Evenly Distributing Liquids over the Surfaces of Cylinders, Spheres, and other Articles.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Aug., 1898-Accepted, 22nd Oct., 1898
An Improved Method of and Apparatus for Evenly Distributing
Liquids over the Surfaces of Cylinders, Spheres, and other Articles.
I, THEOBALD JOSEF PLACZEK, of 30 31, Steglitzer Strasse, Berlin, in the
German Empire, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had
to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon,
that is to say:
-
This invention relates to a method of, and apparatus for, completely and evenly
covering different articles with liquids, and is specially applicable in cases where
it is desired that when the liquid dries it shall leave a layer, film, or coating on the
said articles.
The articles to which this method is applicable, may be of cylindrical, conical,
spherical, or other shape, and may even have irregular or overhanging curves.
According to this invention, a layer of the liquid is first roughly applied to the
article, for instance by placing it in a trough containing the liquid, and rotating
it therein. The even distribution is then effected by simultaneously rotating the
article around two different axes, say for instance around its longitudinal axis
and also round an axis perpendicular thereto. The position of the axis of rota-
tion may, however, be varied according to the shape of the article undergoing
treatment, in order to obtain the best result.
The nature of the liquid or liquids will vary of course according to the special
purpose in view, the general object being that, after drying, a layer or coating is
left which will serve as the basis for the operations or processes that are or may
be applied later on to the articles.
As an example of such operations or processes, I may mention the treatment
of metal cylinders for the purpose of photo-chemical copying, that is to say, for
admitting of these cylinders being subsequently employed as printing or copying
rollers. In this case, the layer or coating to be applied to the cylinder is of a
sensitized nature, and is, in any appropriate manner, prepared for the printing
by subsequently applying the copying process thereto.
The invention is also applicable in connection with decorative purposes, in
which ornamental or coloured coatings or layers are required, especially for
covering china and similar hollow bodies with uniform layers of colour, which
layers are subsequently burnt into the said bodies.
By way of example, I will refer more particularly to the application of the
invention to printing rollers for photo-chemical reproduction, but the invention
is in no way limited to this application.

page_text: 1
In this case, the article, for instance a copper or bronze cylinder, is rotated
around its longitudinal axis and simultaneously around an axis which cuts the
said longitudinal axis and is perpendicular thereto. To this end, the cylinder is
arranged in a suitable carrier, in which it is capable of turning about its longi-
tudinal axis, whilst the said carrier is turning around the second axis referred to.
An apparatus for simultaneously producing such double rotation is represented
by way of example in the accompanying drawings, and as suitable for rollers of
comparatively small weight.
In the drawings:
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the said apparatus in which the axis of
the cylinder to be rotated, and the driving shaft, are supposed to be located in
one and the same plane, namely vertically one above the other.
Figure 2 shows the apparatus in plan.
In an appropriately shaped circular base, frame, or support 1, is a central
opening 2, in which is located the pivot 3 of a platform or carrier 4.
Upon this base or frame 1, a grooved annular rail 5 is screwed, or otherwise
fixed.
In the groove of this rail, guide rollers 6 are adapted to travel; three, four,
or more of such rollers being arranged in bearings upon the platform or carrier 4,
thus ensuring the same being guided in a perfectly reliable manner.
Concentrically with the pivot 3, is arranged a toothed crown ring 7, having its
base screwed or otherwise securely fixed to the platform or carrier 4.
The toothed wheel 8 is adapted to gear with the ring 7, and is mounted on the
shaft 9 carried in bearings below the base 1. Upon the outwardly projecting
end of the shaft 9 are the usual loose and fast pulleys, 10 and 11.
Upon the platform or carrier 4, is a shaft 13 journalled in bearings and adapted
to carry, in any suitable manner, the roller or cylinder 14 to be treated, this
latter being keyed, or otherwise secured, on said shaft. There is also mounted
on this shaft 13 a toothed wheel 14¹ which gears with another toothed ring 15
secured to the base 1.
By this means, as will be readily understood, the cylinder 14 is adapted to
revolve about its longitudinal axis whilst its ends are carried around by the
platform 4.
Owing to these two simultaneous movements the liquid, which may have been
applied in any suitable manner to the roller or cylinder, is distributed thereon
in a perfectly uniform manner.
For the first rough application of the liquid to the roller or cylinder, the
latter is preferably dipped in a shallow trough, or other suitable receptacle, con-
"taining the said liquid, and is rotated therein, after which, it is exposed to the
double rotation herein above described.
The layer or coating applied on the roller thus becomes perfectly evenly dis-
tributed, the same being the case with other rotary bodies.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
-
1. The method of distributing liquids evenly over the surfaces of cylinders,
spheres, and other articles, which consists in causing the said articles, after being
roughly coated, to rotate round different axes simultaneously, substantially as set
forth.
2. An apparatus for carrying out the method referred to in the first claim,
having a suitable carrier which revolves around one of the axes of rotation whilst
the article mounted in it also revolves round the other axis, substantially as
described.

page_text: 3. My improved apparatus having its parts arranged and combined to operate
substantially as herein before described and shewn with reference to the annexed
drawings, for the purpose specified.
Մեն
ERNEST DE PASS,
Chartered Patent Agent, 78, Fleet Street, London, and
5A, Market Street, Nottingham, Agent for the Applicant.