IMPROVED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING UP AND PULPING OR REDUCING VEGETABLE AND ANIMAL SUBSTANCES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Mascord, Joseph Bonner,
and Frederick Viner, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 29th October 1859.
We, JAMES MASCORD, of Banbury, in the County of Oxford, Seedsman,
JOSEPH BONNER, of the same Place, Draper, and FREDERICK VINER, also of
Banbury, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING UP AND PULPING OR REDUCING
VEGETABLE AND ANIMAL SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention of improved machinery or apparatus for cutting up and
pulping or reducing vegetable and animal substances is intended to be em-
ployed more particularly for cutting up and pulping roots and vegetable
substances as food for cattle and sheep, but the Invention is also applicable
with very trifling modifications to cutting up or mincing animal substances,
such as meat or suet. In our improved machine or apparatus an arrangement
for slicing or cutting the substance is combined with another arrangement or
contrivance for pulping or reducing the substance to either a pulpy mass or
to very small pieces, as may be desired. These two contrivances may be so
arranged as to work in combination, or they may be worked separately. In
other words the roots may be first sliced by the first contrivance, and then
passed to the second contrivance, so as to be still further reduced, or these
two contrivances may be made to deliver the cut or reduced roots or sub-
stances separately into distinct receptacles. The slicing or cutting apparatus

page_text: taken separately does not differ very materially in principle from some cutting
and slicing apparatus now in use; it is, however, arranged somewhat differ-
ently in order to form a convenient combination with the other parts. The
most convenient arrangement or construction of parts we have found to
be to mount the slicing knives on the end of a horizontal cylinder or barrel,
around the periphery of which are placed the knives for cutting up the roots
into square or oblong pieces. The pulping apparatus consists of a rotating
barrel armed with knives or studs arranged in any convenient manner thereon,
and surrounded by or enclosed within a cylindrical or other suitably shaped
casing also provided with fixed knives or studs arranged so as to work between
the studs or knives of the rotating barrel. An opening is made on the upper
side of this casing for the purpose of admitting the substance to be operated
upon to the rotating barrel. To this opening a hopper to supply the roots
or other substance is adapted. Another opening is made on the under side of the
casing in order to allow the reduced or pulpy mass to escape from the working
barrel. This opening may be partly or wholly covered by a moveable grating
or other analogous contrivance, which will prevent any substance from passing
through until it has been reduced to the required dimension.
For some
purposes, such as for cutting or mincing animal substances, or for cutting up
stringy or fibrous roots or vegetable substances, we find that the operation is
much facilitated by making use of a drawing cut, and this object is effected by
the use of rotating disc knives, which are made to rotate at greater speed than
the revolving barrel. These rotating disc knives are employed in place of the
fixed knives or studs of the cylindrical casing, and will be found to operate
with a less expenditure of power than is required with the fixed knives;
clearing pins or studs are adapted to pass between the rotating discs in order
to push out any pieces that may enter between the knives.