IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES
Year: 1884

page_text: I, AUGUSTE BESSON, resident of Paris (35, Boulevard des Capucines), in the
French Republic, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES" and in what manner the same is to be performed to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of fixed or moveable
stoves, of the class which are fed or filled at their upper part.
Referring to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, Fig. 1 is a vertical section
through the axis of the improved stove and Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the
said stove, above the grate.
A is the sheet iron casing. B is a tube plate forming part of the base C.
D is an upper tube plate forming part of the head E. F F F
...
. . are
tubes, the number of which varies according to the dimensions of the stove. These
tubes are held at their lower end by the tube plate B and at their upper end by
the plate D. G G are tie-bars connecting the base C with the head E. H is
a cast iron casing resting upon the base C and forming the fire place of the stove.
I is a concave grating resting horizontally inside the casing H upon cheeks
arranged for that purpose so that the said grating may be turned round in either
direction. The grating I carries centrally a moveable bar J which may be
moved by hand from right to left or from left to right, this motion, which is
transmitted to the grating I, having for its object to cause the ashes or small
clinkers to fall in the ashbox. When the bar J is drawn forwards, and completely
disengaged from the grating, sufficient space is then left in the centre of the latter
to allow a free passage to the clinkers which are too bulky to pass through the bars
of the grating. K is an inclined grate placed in front of the fire place and serving
to hold the fuel up.
This grate K may be easily removed or put in its place, through the door L of
the stove; its lower edge abuts against the edge of the grate being carried by the
supports of the said grate, and its upper edge is secured in its place by means of
the latch M, which when raised allows the grate K to be withdrawn and. when
lowered, as shewn in Fig. 1, holds the same in its place. A piece of mica fitted
centrally in the door L permits of the fire being inspected. O is a drawer forming
an ash box. P is a cast iron casing carried by the casing H and in a line with the
sheetiron feeding pipe Q, which is held against the lower edge of the circular
aperture R of the head E.

page_text: Between the casings P and H there is left an eccentric space Y through which
the products of combustion pass.
The upper edge of the aperture R forms a gutter S which is filled with fine sand,
and in which is sunk the ring or projection T carried by the heavy cover U which
closes the aperture R. A hermetical closure, is thus effected and no disengagement
of gases can take place. V is an outlet pipe for the products of combustion. X. is
a perforated cover resting upon the head E.
Inside the base C is mounted a mechanism by which the above described stove
can be rendered fixed or moveable, this mechanism is arranged as follows:-
=
a is a cranked axle rotating upon bearings fixed to the base and the journals a¹
of which are eccentric relatively to the axis of the said axle. c. c, are wheels
mounted loose upon the journals a¹ of the cranked shaft a. d, d, are the feet of
the base C and hold the stove in a vertical position. e is a hand lever on the
axle a; it enters a notch of the base C and its extremity is provided with a ring e¹.
f is a small front wheel held in a frame 9 which allows it to rotate in all
directions. h is a knob fixed outwardly upon the base O under the lever E.
the
The feeding or stoking is easily effected by means of the aperture R;
grates I and K being placed and held in the manner aforesaid, the door L can be
opened without any of the fuel falling out. The draught takes place through the
space Y and the outlet pipe V. The hot gases circulate in the chamber W and heat
the tubes FF. cold air enters at their lower extremities below the base C
and in its upward passage becomes heated to a high temperature. It is emitted
from the upper extremities of the said tubes and escapes through the perforated
cover or lid X.
• " •
The removal of ashes and small clinkers heaped on the grate is effected by
moving the movable bar J from right to left and from left to right in order to
produce a rotating horizontal motion of the grate I; when these ashes or clinkers
are too bulky to pass through the bars of the grate a freer passage can be allowed
them by withdrawing the movable bar J.
In Fig. 1 the stove is shewn as fixed and in a vertical position, it rests on three
points two of which the feet of the base C are fixed, the other, the wheel ƒ being
movable. In order to render the apparatus portable, it is sufficient to lower the
lever e and fix it in that position by hooking the ring e¹, with which it is provided,
upon the knob h, the journals of the axle a being eccentric relatively to the
spindles of the wheels cc, the latter by reason of the lowering of the lever e raises
the base in such a manner that the feet d cease to rest upon the ground, the
stove being thus rendered portable. In order to make a fixture of the said stove,
it is sufficient to unhook the ring e¹ when the levere will be raised and the feet d
will bear upon the ground.
I may construct this apparatus of various shapes and dimensions provided the
essential character of my combination is maintained, without departing from the
nature of the said Invention
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. In a stove the combination of a casing P resting upon another casing H
forming a fire place designed to receive the fuel, at the top, by means of a pipe Q
through an aperture which can be hermetically closed, after feeding or stoking by
means of the heavy cover U, the ring or projection T and the gutter S substantially
as described and illustrated.
2. In a stove the combination of a casing H forming the fire place and a space Y
between the said fire place and the bottom of the casing P for the passage of the
products of combustion, the said casing or fireplace being provided with a concave
and horizontal grate I having a movable bar J in conjunction with an inclined and
movable grate K and a door L substantially as described and illustrated.
3. In a stove wherein the fire place is formed of a casing H surmounted by a
casing P, and is provided with a space V for the outlet of the products of

page_text: combustion into an external casing A, the use of heating pipes F surrounded by
the heated gases substantially as shewn and described and for the purposes
specified.
4. The use, for the purpose of rendering a stove stationary or portable as desired,
of an axle, such as a the journals of which are eccentric relatively to the said axle
and carry wheels upon which the stove may run substantially as described.
5. The improved stove substantially as described and illustrated with reference
to the accompanying Drawings.