AN IMPROVEMENT IN INGOT MOULDS USED FOR CASTING BESSEMER STEEL AND OTHER STEEL INGOTS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Israel Carlton, of Barrow-in-Furness, in the
County of Lancaster, Foreman Ironmoulder, for the Invention of
"AN IMPROVEMENT IN INGOT MOULDS USED FOR CASTING BESSEMER STEEL
AND OTHER STEEL INGOTS."
Sealed the 5th May 1876, and dated the 13th November 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Israel Carlton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th November 1875.
I, ISRAEL CARLTON, of Barrow-in-Furness, in the County of Lan-
caster, Foreman Ironmoulder, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN INGOT MOULDS USED FOR CASTING BESSEMER
STEEL AND OTHER STEEL INGOTS," to be as follows:-
Ingot moulds
as now constructed soon become worn and worthless
by reason of the edges becoming chipped off or eaten away by the steel"
after the moulds have been used a few times, and this is occasioned by
the practice of running the steel right up to the stopper plate.
Now the object of this Invention is to remedy the defect aforesaid.

page_text: My Invention consists in forming the top inner edges of ingot moulds
with a lip in such manner that when the edge becomes worn the lip on
the top can be chipped round with a hammer and chisel, and the mould
can be used until the lip is chipped level with the side of the mould.
The lip may be formed of any convenient shape, but I prefer to make 5
it with a straight bevil surface; the top of the mould is thus somewhat
contracted, the bevil of the lip thus extending from the contracted part
downwards and inwards until it meets the internal surface of the mould;
but as before stated I do not limit myself to this precise form.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Israel Carlton in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 13th May 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ISRAEL
CARLTON, of Barrow-in-Furness, in the County of Lancaster, Foreman
Ironmoulder, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Israel Carlton, Her
special licence that I, the said Israel Carlton, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Israel Carlton,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
usc, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT IN INGOT MOULDS USED FOR CASTING BESSEMER STEEL AND OTHER
STEEL INGOTS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Israel
Carlton, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in' writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed

page_text: in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Israel Carlton, my do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
3 to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, that is to
say-
t
The object of this Invention is to render ingot moulds for casting
Bessemer steel and other steel ingots more efficient and lasting than
heretofore. Such ingot moulds as are now made when they become
damaged at the inner top edges are rendered useless, and have to be
thrown away.
Now my Invention consists mainly in forming the said inner top edge
of the ingot mould with a lip, edge, or projection all round and of any
convenient shape or section, but preferably with a straight bevel surface;
the top of the mould is thus somewhat contracted, the bevel of the lip
or projection extending from the contracted part or mouth downwards
until it meets the internal surface of the mould; and when this form is
adopted the steel may be run up to the stopper plate forming the top of
the mould, thus utilizing the whole casting..
The stopper plate is placed on the top of the mould, and the molten
steel may
either be poured in from the top through a hole in the stopper
plate or run from the bottom.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a vertical section, and
Figure 2 á top plan view of an ingot mould of the ordinary construction.
Figure 3 is a vertical section, and Figure 4 a top plan of my improved
ingot mould. a, a, are the inner top edges of the mould, which I form
with a projection all round, here shown as a straight bevel.
L
Figure 5 is an enlarged section of the edge a and adjoining parts.
The dotted lines represent the repeated dressings which the edges thus
may undergo, supposing for instance that of an inch was injured
or broken off after a certain amount of work, and that the lip projected
1 ½ inches, the edges could be dressed, say, ten times over, and be as
good as new, as far as this part is concerned, whereas by the ordinary
form of the edge it is rendered useless if once so injured.

page_text: In order further to prevent the wear or burning away of the edges,
and thus to prolong the usefulness of these ingot moulds, I provide
means for better keeping the melted metal back from the edge.
Figure 6 is a sectional view of the upper part of an ingot mould
made as aforesaid, and fitted with stopper plate.
Figure 7 is a similar view, but with a lid which does not come quite
'down, but leaves space between for putting in sand or other suitable
material. I here suppose the metal to be run in from below.
The lip may be extended farther towards the centre of the mould than
here shewn, but so as to leave space enough to ram or push the ingot |
conveniently out of the mould.
By the aforesaid improved construction of ingot mould I obtain the
advantage of being able to run the steel right up to the stopper plate,
and thus avoid the putting in of sand or any other material which is
liable to mix with the molten steel.
And having thus described the nature of this Invention, I declare that
.I claim,-
Firstly. Forming the top of cast-iron ingot. moulds with an inner
projection or lip, as and for the purpose set forth.
And, Secondly. The combination therewith of a cover or stopper plate,
as and for the purpose set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Israel Carlton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Third day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
Witness,
CHARLES JOHN COPELAND,
Engineer,
Barrow-in-Furness,
Lancashire.
ISRAEL CARLTON. (L.S.)