matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOL HANDLES
Year: 1884

page_text: I JOIN AUGUSTUS KING of the City of Saint Louis, in the State of Missouri
and the United States of North America, Physician do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOL HANDLES" and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
The improvement can be applied to the handles of many kinds of tools. I shall
describe it as applied to the handle of a screw-driver, as it is a peculiarly
convenient appendage to this tool, forming a hammer by which the screw is started
into the wood preparatory to turning it home by the driver.
In the drawings: figure 1 is a side view of a screw-driver with my improvement
applied thereto.
Figure 2 is a section at 2-2 figure 1.
Figure 3 is a detail side elevation showing a modification.
Figure is a section at 4-4 figure 3. A is the wooden portion of the handle
and B is the metal cap. The cap forms a very effective bammer, it may be of any
suitable form in figures 1 and 2 it is globular, while in figures 3 and 4 it has a
flat face similar to the face of a hammer. I do not confine myself to any
particular manner of attaching the cap to the part A, (but show two plans). The
cap B in figures 1 and 2 has a recess receiving a globular projection a of the part A
and steady-pins b'b' entering the part A. The cap is held on by a screw C passing
through the cap and into the part A.
In figures 3 and 4 the screw C is inade in one piece with the cap, thus the cap
is applied by turning it around, inserting the screw C in part A. To prevent the
cap turning backward it may have a thin lip or lug D that may enter a recess in
part A or be held by a screw or nail.
I am aware that tool handles have been made with an iron ring or ferrule at
the outer end to prevent the splitting of the handle under the blows of a mallet or
hammer, and this I do not claiin.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said

page_text: invention and in what nannor the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. A tool having a handle with wooden body for grasping and a weighted
metal cap to adapt it to form a hammer as set forth."
2. A combined haminer and screw-driver having wooden body A for grasping
and weighted metal cap for driving a screw, as set forth."
Dated this 16 day of January 1884.
JOHN AUGUSTUS KING.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings,
Agents.
JOHN AUGUSTUS KING.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings,
Agents.
A LOCK-UP BRUSH HOLDER OR BAG
Year: 1884

page_text: We, FRANCIS, NAPIER SEYDE, of 71 Pershore Road, Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Patentec, and HERBERT, PRICE LAVENDER, of Cleveland Safe &
Lock Works Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, Sife and Lock Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of our Invention for "A LOCK-UP
BRUSH HOLDER OR BAG," and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :--
We first construct the Bag or Pocket for receiving the Brush or Brushes, which
may be of Leather, Wire, Cloth, or other suitable or desirable material, for the
efficient protection of the Brush or Brushes; and we firmly attach and secure the
open end or "mouth" of this recepticle, to a metal frame, of a size sufficient to
admit the Body of the Brush or Brushes to enter the holder, leaving the handles
outside the holder and the before-named metal frame or mouth.
"
We now construct the Locking or Lock-up" portion of our Invention, which
consists, by preference, of a metal strip or Bar, securely hinged to one side of the
before-described metal frame or mouth of the holder, and having a spring bolt Lock
at the free or loose end, for locking this Bar to the opposite side of the frame;
that is, across the mouth or entrance to the holder or Bag. This said locking bar
is of such a width or breadth as to coincide with the bristle space, thickness, or
portion of the Brush or Brushes, (when two are placed together,) leaving only
sufficient space or openings, otherwise, for the handles or solid portion or "base" of
the Brush or Brushes; and thus,-whether one or two Brushes may be inserted,
before Locking, it will be equally impossible for it or them to be withdrawn
without the use of the Key, and at the same time, it or they will be exposed to
Atmospheric Action.
It may be well to also explain that we construct a projecting lip or cover upon,
or in connection with the locking bar and frame, to prevent the Lock bolt from
being forced back or the Bag opened, except by the Key, and also to "stay" or
support the side of the frame, against which the spring bolt acts.
We also provide suitable loops or eyes, for the convenience of hanging the holder,
when desirable.
In the accompanying illustrations, Figure 1 is a plan; Figure 2, a side view, and
Figure 3 a front end view of our Invention, without Brushes, and Figure 4 a
perspective view of the same, with a couple of Brushes inserted, and the holder
Locked.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
The construction and use of a Sanitary Bag or holder for Brushes, furnished
with a Locking or security arrangement, for preventing improper or unauthorized
use of the Brushes; and at the same time allowing the beneficial action of the
atmosphere upon them, virtually as, or after the manner herein before described and
set forth.
IMPROVEMENTS INBROOMS AND BRUSHES
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I ISABELLA ANN SPACKMAN of 10 Mildmay Villas, Burnt Ash Hill, Lee in the
County of Kent, Spinster do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN BROOMS AND BRUSHES to be as follows:-
That part of the Broom or Brush containing the brush if made of wood or any
other hard substance to be covered wholly or in part with leather-India Rubber―
Gutta Percha Wool or any other substance, article or material or with one or more
of them for the purpose or purposes of deadening the sound and doing as little
injury as possible to anything it may be brought into contact with,
1004

page_text: I ISABELLA ANN SPACKMAN of 10 Mildmay Villas-Burnt Ash Hill, Lee in the
County of Kent-Spinster do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN BROOMS AND BRUSHES and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
That part of the Broom or Brush containing the Brush if made of Wood or any
other hard substanco or material to be covered wholly or in part with Leather-
India Rubber-Gutta Percha Wool or any other substance, article or material or
with one or more of them for the purpose or purposes of deadening the sound and
doing as little injury as possible to anything it may be brought into contact with.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
Covering the part of the Broom or Brush containing the Brush with various
materials in the manner and for the purposes above described.
Dated this 18th day of November 1884.
I, A. SPACKMAN,
A METHOD of TREATING CEMENT IN ORDER TO MAKE IT SUITABLE FOR STEREO-CHROMATIC PAINTING
Year: 1884

page_text: [Communicated from abroad by Gottlieb von Koch and Rudolph Adamy, Doctor
of Philosophy, both Professors of the Grand Ducal Hessian Technical High
Schule, at Darmstadt, through their Agents, Wirth and Company, of
Frankfort on the Main, both in the Empire of Germany.]
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for A METHOD of
TREATING CEMENT IN ORDER TO MAKE IT SUITABLE FOR STEREO-CHROMATIC
PAINTING a communication to me from abroad by Gottlieb von Koch and Rudolph
Adamy, Doctor of Philosophy, both Professors of the Grand Ducal Hessian
Technical High Schule at Darmstadt, through their agents Wirth and Company, of
Frankfort on the Main, both in the Empire of Germany to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a method of treating cement in order to make it
suitable for stereo-chromatic painting.
1. Moulded pieces. The mould is coated inside with a mixture of from 30 to
50% pure cement and respectively 70 to 50% of ground pumice stone; then
the mould is filled in the usual manner with a mixture of 1/, cement and 3/3 course
sand and well rammed. When taken from the mould the pieces should be kept
damp for some time.
2. To polish the surfaces and joints the same mixture is used and it must be
kept from drying too quickly.
IMPROVED MEANS OF FASTENING GLOVES UPON THE HANDS
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I WILLIAM MIDDLEMISS Holinefield Mill Thornton Road Bradford Yorks
Camera Maker, do hereby declare the nature of iny invention for IMPROVED
MEANS OF FASTENING GLOVES UPON THE HANDS, to be as follows:-
To make that part of the glove that clasps the wrist, to fit close to the wrist
from elasticity given to it by means as described: and thus rendering useless,
buttons, hooks or other fastenings.
Firstly, To insert into the wrist part of glove one or more pieces or gussets, of
wedge, paralel, or other shape, of elastic material, composed of india rubber or
other clastic material, covered with silk, cotton, wool or other fibrous material.
Or, Secondly. to sew or fasten to wrist part of glove, a ring or band, of similar
elastic material, of any width.

page_text: I, WILLIAM MIDDLEMISS of Holmefield Mill Thornton Road, Bradford, Yorks,
Camera Maker, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVED
MEANS OF FASTENING GLOVES UPON THE HANDS and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:—
The object of my invention is to dispense with all mechanical fastenings.
I propose to make that part of the glove which clasps the wrist to fit close to
the wrist from elasticity given to it by means as described.
Firstly, to insert into the wrist part of glove one or more pieces or gussets (of
wedge, parallel or other shape) of elastic material, composed of india rubber, or
other elastic material, covered with silk, cotton, wool or other material.
Or Secondly. To sew or fasten to wrist part of glove a ring or band of similar
elastic material.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, I declare that what I claim is
(1) The insertion into wrist part of glove of elastic material, (2) The fastening
of a ring or band of elastic material round wrist part of glove.
Dated this 28th day of January 1885.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WRITING TABLETS FOR SCHOOL AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1884

page_text: We JOSEPH WILLOUGHBY of Plymouth in the County of Devon Engineer and
JAMES ALLAN EATON of 23 Queen Victoria Street in the City of London Secretary
to the Bower Barff. Rustless Iron Company Limited do hereby declare the nature
of said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WRITING TABLETS FOR SCHOOL AND
OTHER PURPOSES" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the manufacture of Tablets to be used in place of the
ordinary Slate tablets now used for School and other purposes from sheets or
plates of iron or steel. The plates or sheets from which these tablets are to be
made are placed in a Furnace and then subjected when brought up to a high
temperature to the action of superheated steam air or gases whereby the surfaces
of such plates become coated with a magnetic oxide this surface is extremely
suitable for the purpose of the tablets as being smooth readily taking the
impression from a slate or metallic pencil. The Invention possesses considerable
advantage over the slates or tablets hitherto used as being almost indestructible
whilst it can be readily washed or cleaned for use the lightness of the material is
also an advantage...
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the said Joseph Willoughby and
James Allan Eaton.

page_text: Improvements in Writing Tablets for School and other
Purposes.
We JOSEPH WILLOUGHBY of Plymouth in the County of Devon Engineer and
JAMES ALLAN EATON of 23 Queen Victoria Street in the City of London Secretary
to the Bower Barff Rustless Iron Company Limited do hereby declare the nature
of our invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WRITING TABLETS FOR SCHOOL AND OTHER
PURPOSES and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly 5
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention consists in the manufacture of tablets to be used in place of the
ordinary slate or other tablets now used for School and other purposes from sheets
and other plates of iron or steel. The plates or sheets from which these tablets are
to be made are placed in a furnace and then subjected when brought up to a high
temperature to the action of superheated steam air. or gases whereby the surfaces of
such plates become coated with a magnetic oxide this surface is extremely suitable
for the purpose of the tablets as being smooth readily taking the impression from
a slate or metallic pencil.
"
1
The Invention possesses considerable advantage over the slates or tablets 1
hitherto used as: being almost indestructible whilst it can be readily washed' or
cleaned for use the lightness of the material is also an advantage.
2
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
The manufacture of writing tablets of iron or steel treated substantially as and
for the purpose herein before described.
"
2
IMPROVE- MENTS IN CORKSCREWS GIMLETS AND OTHER TOOLS TO WHICH A ROTARY MOTION CAN BE APPLIED
Year: 1884

page_text: I WILLIAM HAMILTON KINDERSLEY BRADFORD Gentleman of 11 Norfolk Square
Hyde Park London do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CORKSCREWS GIMLETS AND OTHER TOOLS TO WHICH A ROTARY MOTION
CAN BE APPLIED" to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved method of applying the ratchet principle
to corkscrews gimlets augers screw drivers and tools of a similar nature to enablo
the turn necessary to insert them in any substance (such as a corkscrew in a cork)
to be repeated without removing the hand to take a fresh grasp of the handle, by
enabling the latter to have a rotary motion in either direction; carrying the stem
of the tool with it when moved in one direction and moving without the stem
when turned in a contrary direction.
I puss the stem of the tool whether corkscrew or otherwise through the handle
but loosely without fixing it thereto as in the ordinary corkscrew or gimlet. To
the stem of the tool I fix a ratchet wheel, which moves in a hollow made for its
reception in and underneath the handlo of the tool; and in the same hollow I fix a
pall to catch the tooth of the ratchet wheel when the necessary turn is given to
insert the tool in any substance, after which turn as the stem of the tool with tho
ratchet wheel is loose in the handle, a rotary motion can be imparted to the latter
in a contrary direction without carrying the stem of the tool back with it.
Thus when the handle of the tool is turned one way it carries the stem with it,
and when turned in a contrary direction it moves without acting at all on the
stem; enabling any one to repeat the necessary turns to make the tool operate
without removing the hand to take a fresh grasp of the handle, and as quickly as
one can count them without any appreciable effort.
Dated this 14th dew of T7001

page_text: screw is turned one way it carries the stem with it and when turned the reverse
way the teeth at G slide over the teeth of the crown ratchet wheel at A. Fig 2
without moving the stem The spring I causing them to fall in succession into
those at A.
•
Having thus described my Invention I claim as new-The combination of the
stem ratchet wheel and pawl with handle in Fig 1 and the combination of the
various parts in Figs 2 and 3 viz'the Crown ratchet wheel A. Fig 2 with teeth at
the bottom of the shank F. mado to close in succession on the teeth of the Crown
ratchet wheel by the spring I by acting against the shoulder of the shank F. at H.
and the nutt J.
AN IMPROVED CLOTHES PEG
Year: 1884

page_text: I, CHARLES CHIPPS, of 7 Orchard Road, Southsea in the county of Hants,
Furniture Salesman, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for AN
IMPROVED CLOTHES PEG" to be as follows:
An appliance for fastening linen, cloth, or any material of a similar nature, to a
line or wire, for the purpose of drying or airing the same, and is made of galvanized
wire resembling the shape of the letter M, the " tongue" of which is placed on one
side of the line or wire, the extreme ends on the other side. By this principle a
great strain on the line by high wind, or any other means, simply tightens the
hold of the Peg, thus avoiding the nuisance of whatever is suspended being blown
away, or falling to the ground.
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I, CHARLES CHIPPS, of 7, Orchard Road, Southsea, in the county of Hants,
Furniture Salesman, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
AN IMPROVED CLOTHES PEG. and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This appliance is made of galvanized wire, resembling the shape of the letter M,
the "tongue" of which is placed on one side of the line or wire, the extreme ends
on the other side. By this principle a great strain on the line by high wind, or
any other means, simply tightens the hold of the Peg, thus avoiding the nuisance
of whatever is suspended being blown away or falling to the ground.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. Security against disconnection, as a great strain tightens its grip on the line.
2. Security against rust or injury to linen, it being galvanized.
3. Adaptability to any size line or wire.
CHARLES CHIPPS.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FENDERS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, CHARLES AMBROSE McEvoy of 18 Adam Street, Adelphi in the County of
Middlesex Electrical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FENDERS to be as follows:
*1
The object of this invention is to obtain by means of a fender and at a com-
paratively small cost the appearance of a hearth of ornamental tiles.
For this purpose I form the sole plate of a fender of sheet iron enamelled with
a tile like pattern upon it. The enamelling is effected in the usual way by coating
the sheet of iron with a vitreous composition, and exposing it to heat sufficient to
fuse or partially fuse the composition. The sole plate thus prepared is attached to
the upper part of the fender as when a plain black sheet iron sole plate is
employed.

page_text: Figure 1 is a plan of a curb fender constructed in accordance with my invention.
a a is the sole plate of the fender cut to fit to the grate and b is the curb or
upper part of the fender which in this case is fixed to the sole plate. The curb
represented in the drawing consists of a metal rail carried by low standards from
a suitable base.
In place of fixing the curb or upper part of the fender to the sole plate the two
parts may remain separate, the sole plate being fixed to the floor and the curb or
upper part remaining moveable. A sole plate separate from the curb or upper part
of the fender is represented by Figure 2. It is to the sole plate, whether to be
attached to a curb or to remain separate, that my invention applies.
I cause it to be coated with enamel by the process now commonly used in
enamelling iron for the purpose of permanent out-door advertisement, that is to
say, sheet iron of suitable quality is first cut to form and all necessary holes are
made in it. The sheet is then properly cleaned and prepared after which the
colored enamels are applied to it in accordance with the pattern desired. Finally
the plate is exposed to a heat sufficient to vitrify the enamel. The sole plate thus
prepared will be in no way injured by the heat of the fire when in use.
The pattern has a highly ornamental effect similar to that of a hearth composed
of decorated tiles. The vitreous face is capable of being cleaned with great
facility,

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
A fender with a sole plate of sheet iron enamelled and having a tile like pattern
upon it whether the said sole plate be attached to the curb or upper part of the
fender or be separate therefrom substantially as described.
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
We HENRY GEORGE HARRIS and GEORGE BEAVIS of N° 17 and 18 Upper
George Street Bryanston Square in the County of Middlesex trading as Harris
and Company Wholesale and Retail Pastry Cooks and Confectioners do hereby
declare the nature of our Invention for A. NEW CAKE to be as follows :-
A combination of meringue and flour or farina in the proportions of twelve parts
of meringue to one up to seven parts of flour or farina.
HENRY GEORGE HARRIS.
GEO. BEAVIS.

page_text: We, HENRY GEORGE HARRIS, and GEORGE BEAVIS, of Nos 17 and 18 Upper
George Street, Bryanston Square, in the County of Middlesex, trading as Harris
and Company, Wholesale and Retail Pastry cooks and Confectioners do hereby
declare the nature of our Invention for "A NEW CAKE" and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of a new cake.
In carrying out our Invention we take about two quarts of whites of eggs and
beat the same up adding thereto about five pounds of pulverized sugar thereby
forming what is known in the trade as meringue, we then add to and well mix in
with the meringue from one a half to four pounds of suitable flour or farina and
about two ounces of cream of tartar adding flavoring as required.
The dough thus made is then formed into cakes and baked in the usual manner.
The proportions above described are those which we have found to give good
results but it will be obvious that the same may be somewhat modified to suit the
quality of cake to be manufactured.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is—
The combination with meringue of Vienna or other flour or farina substantially
in the proportions mentioned for the manufacture of cake as hereinbefore
described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CHURNING BUTTER
Year: 1884

page_text: I EDWARD SORFLEET of Spilsby in the County of Lincoln retired smith do
hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
CHURNING BUTTER to be as follows:-
A Tram Churn (single or double) each on four wheels which are propelled
backward and forward by a crank of six inches in centre of tram way, which
takes the Churn (or Churns) twelve inches at each turn by two side rods attached
to crank and on two pins in centre of Churn with self acting drum in each Churn
which is easily removed when Butter has come: The drum consists of four beaters
which are fitted in two round heads and run loose in Churn and work directly
opposite to movement of Churn sending the Cream up to the top of the Churn,
and falling in centre thus keeping the Cream continually in motion until Butter
has come.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I EDWARD SORFLEET of Spilsby in the County of Lincoln retired smith do
hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
CHURNING BUTTER and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
-
A Tram Churn (single or double), each on four wheels which are propelled
backward and forward by a crank of six inches in centre of tramway which
takes the Churn-or-Churns twelve inches at each turn by two side rods attached
to crank and on two-pins-in-centre of Churn. And also a self acting-drum-in-
each Churn which is easily removed when Butter has come. The drum consists
of four beaters which are fitted in two round heads and run loose in Churn and
work directly opposite to movement of Churn sending the Cream up to the top
of Churn and falling in centre thus keeping Cream continually in motion until
worked either single or double.
Figure II is section of Churns.
A is tramway or tray consisting of a flat board with a rail on each side for
Churn to run within and a centre bar with upright bracket on each side for crank
to turn in. B is crank which turns in brackets. C is fly wheels of weight to suit
size of Churns D is side rods attached to crank by cap and bolt each and the
other end on pin in centre of Churn Ę is Churn on wheels without any dashers
inside to prevent Cream from running freely round and falling in centre of Churn
Fis drum with four thin beaters and two round heads six inches in diameter and
runs inside Churn in opposite direction to movement thereof G is cover of Churn
which is sufficiently large to admit of drum H is outlet to drain off Buttermilk.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1st All Churns on wheels single or double and running on tramway or tray
worked by hand or power.
2nd All self acting drung
MENT IN WICK RAISERS
Year: 1884

page_text: CUBITEIE
DFFUIFICATION,
I MICHAEL CLARMONT HARNEY residing at 3510 Caroline St. in the City of
St Louis in the State of Missouri, one of the United States of North America,
Book-keeper, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for IMPROVE-
MENT IN WICK RAISERS, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
My Invention relates to those wick raising devices in which a vertical shaft, a
horizontal shaft, a cog wheel and worm are employed to adjust the wick from
beneath the fount or reservoir, the vertical shaft being secured to the outside of the
fount or reservoir.
My improvement consists in certain details of construction hereinafter described
and pointed out in the claims whereby the means for operating the wick shaft
tend to hold the latter to its bearings thus preventing the displacement of the
burner cone or cap by the elevation of the wick shaft as in previous devices, where
the means for turning the wick shaft are located beneath or on one side of the
latter.
In the accompanying Drawings Figure 1. is a side elevation partly broken away.
Figure 2 is a top view of the fount or reservoir and Figure 3 is a detail perspective
view.
A is the base; B the body; C the fount or reservoir; D the burner without the
cap or cone; E the wick-shaft having a cog wheel F; Ġ the vertical shaft having
a worm H located at one side of the wick-shaft cog-wheel; I straps for securing
the body of the vertical shaft to the reservoir; J the air chamber between the body
and the fount, having a floor K, provided with opening for passage of tho vertical
shaft and La lock-nut beneath the floor to hold the worm H against the teeth
of the cog-wheel F when adjusted. The vertical shaft carries the regulating
wheel M.
The nut L screws over a thimble or sleeve O made fast in the floor K, and
through which the shaft G passes. On the shaft between the nut and thimble is a
collar P that prevents any movement of the shaft, when the nut is screwed up.
By the arrangement of the various parts as shown there is no liability of the
displacement of the wick-shaft, burner or cap or cone because the nut beneath the
floor holds the vertical shaft in place.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is,
1. The combination, with a fount having a burner provided with a wick-shaft
having a cog-wheel, of a vertical shaft having a worm at its upper end engaging
the wick shaft wheel and lock nut at its lower end, and a regulating wheel as set
forth.
2. The combination with a fount, a burner provided with a wick-shaft, a cog
wheel on the wick-shaft, a vertical shaft having a worm at its upper end engaging
the cog-wheel of the wick shaft, screw threaded thimble through which the vertical
shaft passes, a lock-nut and collar on the vertical shaft, a regulating wheel, and a
lantern body having an opening in its floor in which the thimble is secured as set
forth,
IMPROVE- MENTS IN INSULATED WIRES FOR COILS OF ELECTRICAL APPARATUS
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I ADAM MILLAR of 10 Royal Terrace, Crosshill in the County of Renfrew
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN INSULATED WIRES FOR COILS OF ELECTRICAL APPARATUS to be as
follows:-
:
37
My improvements consist in making insulated flat wires (of copper or other
metal) in place of round wires as at present used so as to obtain greater pliability
and permit of coils being formed with less strain or pressure on the insulating
covering than when round wires are employed.
The flat wires may be made from sheet metal but I prefer using round wire and
flattening it to the breadth and thickness required by rolling between the rollers of
a flatting mill,
The covering of the wires may be done by any of the methods used in covering
round wire, by braiding or by lapping threads or narrow ribbons of silk cotton or
other fibrous insulating material or by the method of japanning described in the
Specification of Letters Patent N° 4592 Dated 20th October 1881.
BREWER & JENSEN,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: I, ADAM MILLAR, of 10 Royal Terrace, Crosshill, in the county of Renfrew,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN INSULATED WIRES FOR COILS OF ELECTRICAL APPARATUS," and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My improvements consist in making insulated flat wires (of copper or other
metal) in place of the round wires at present used, so as to obtain greater pliability
and permit of coils being formed with less strain or pressure on the insulating
covering than when round wires are employed.
The flat wires may be made from sheet metal. I prefer using round wire and
flattening it to the breadth and thickness required by rolling between the rollers of
a flattening mill.
The covering of the wires may be done by any of the methods used in covering
round wire, by braiding or by lapping threads or narrow ribbons of silk, cotton, or
other fibrous insulating material, or by the method of japanning described in the
Specification of Letters Patent N° 4,592, Dated 20th October, 1881.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is,-
The manufacture and use of flat wires of copper or other metal with an insulating
covering or coating, for coils of electrical apparatus, substantially as herein
described.
11
R
11
IMPROVEMENTS IN COLOURING PHOTOGRAPHIC PRINTS
Year: 1884

page_text: I WILLIAM BLAIR ANDERSON of Number Twenty six Union Terrace Aberdeen
in the County of Aberdeen, Scotland, Photographer do hereby declare the nature of
my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN COLOURING PHOTOGRAPHIC PRINTS to be as
follows:-
It is well known that the colouring of photographic prints is presently
accomplished by rendering them transparent and mounting them on glass and
applying oil colour at the back or by colouring on duplicate and placing at back
of transparent print: or by the ordinary means of painting with oil or water
colour on the surface. But by my method I render the print transparent after
being mounted on opal glass and colour on front by which means the print is
rendered more permanent and the artistic effects are not only greatly enhanced but
are obtained with comparatively little labour.
The advantages I claim for my method are obtained by treating the plate in such
a way with liquid wax or other substance as to render it perfectly smooth and
filling up all the pores of the paper so that when the colour is applied no part of it
is absorbed and at once presents a picture of great brilliancy and beauty.
00th
1001

page_text: I WILLIAM BLAIR ANDERSON of Number 26 Union Terrace Aberdeen in the
County of Aberdeen, Scotland, Photographer, do hereby declare the nature of my
Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN COLOURING PHOTOGRAPHIC PRINTS and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
i
I take unmounted print (which has been previously toned, fixed and washed in
the usual manner), mount it on plate of opal glass or other prepared surface. After
pressing out all air bells it is allowed to dry. Thereafter, the plate is heated, and
bee's wax paraffin naptha or other substance applied till the print perfectly
transparent. The superfluous. wax or other substance is then wiped off with a
cloth, and when cool the print is gently polished with silk handkerchief or other
suitable soft material, when it is ready for being coloured or painted in monochrome
which is done by the application of oil colours according to the effect desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is: The absolute and exclusive right to take an unmounted print (which
has been previously toned and fixed in the usual manner) and to mount it on a
plate of opal glass or other suitable or prepared surface, & after pressing out all air
bells and allowing the same to dry, to heat the plate and apply bees wax, paraffin,
naptha or other substance until the print is perfectly transparent. Then to wipe
off the superfluous wax or other substance; and when cool and gently polished,
to colour according to the effect desired, by the application of oil colours.
Dated this 26th day of March 1884.
IMPROVEMENTS RELATING TO THE HARDENING OF STEEL
Year: 1884

page_text: DEECIFICATION.
I WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake and Co Patent
Agents, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare
the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS RELATING TO THE HARDENING
OF STEEL" and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention pertains to the hardening of steel.
The method of hardening steel usually practised is to heat the steel and cool it
suddenly in a bath of cold water, salt water, oil, or the like. The difficulties
attendant upon hardening steel in this manner are well known; the steel is liable
to crack; it sometimes loses its toughness in the process; and sometimes refuses
to take the necessary hardness.
This Invention is designed to overcome these and other difficulties attendant
upon hardening steel by the usual methods.
The new material used is marl. A kind of marl which answers the purpose well
is found as an earthy deposit in the Town of North East, in Dutchess County, in
the State of New York, one of the United States of America; in colour it closely
approaches that of "cream"; it is soft to the touch when powdered, and is
probably rich in carbonate of lime, which element may be of importance in
carrying out this improvement. The marl is powdered and mixed with the cold
water or other bath used for cooling the heated steel. The exact proportions are
not material, but a proportion which is found to work well is one half pound of
the powdered marl to a gallon of the water or other bith; it is well to add a
couple of ounces of the marl weekly for each gallon of the bath.
After the marl is mixed with the bath it should be allowed to stand ten or
twelve hours before using. Practical use of this improvement shows that it is one
of great practical value for the purpose in hand.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First. The use and application of marl for the hardening of steel substantially
as described.
Second. The combination of a cooling bath with marl for steel-hardening
purposes, substantially as described.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.
IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL ASPHALTE
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
We, ISAAC FARTHING, 8 Gopsall Street Leicester, Asphalte Manufacturer, and
JOSEPH HENRY LORRIMER, Aylestone, Leicester Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of our said invention for "IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL
ASPHALTE" to be as follows:-
In making this artificial asphalte the following ingredients are those preferably
employed and the proportions may be as follows though we do not tie ourselves
exactly to them.
Creosote Oil 1 gallon
Coal Tar Pitch 8 lbs
Resin 81 lbs
are placed in a suitable vessel and heated until they boil, when
Ground Barrow Lime 22 lbs is added, stirred in and boiled for about one hour
more or less.
Pulverized Limestone 42 lbs is now added and stirred in, followed by Limestone
Sand 35 lbs which is also stirred in:
To the resulting mass ordinary Limestone Grit about 30 lbs is added either at
the original boiling, or subsequently when found most convenient. If subsequently
the addition may be made at the place where the artificial asphalte is to be used.
This material will be found suitable for paving footways, for roofs, cellars and
the like.
Dated this 24th day of October 1884

page_text: "
We ISAAC FARTHING, 8 Gopsall Street Leicester, Asphalte Manufacturer and
JOSEPH HENRY LORRIMER, Aylestone, Leicester, Gentleman do hereby declare the
nature of this invention for "IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL ASPHALTE
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
In making this artificial asphalte the following ingredients are those preferably
employed and the proportions may be as follows though we do not tie ourselves
Coal Tar Pitch 81 lbs
Resin 8+ lbs
are placed in a suitable vessel and heated until they boil, when
Ground Barrow Lime 22 lbs is added, stirred in and boiled for about one hour
more or less.
The material has now assumed the consistency of asphalte mastic and is ready
for use the following ingredients being added as required to give it the consistency
required for the particular purpose to which it is to be applied.
Pulverized Limestone 42 lbs is now added and stirred in followed by Limestone
Sand 35 lbs which is also stirred in.
To the resulting mass ordinary Limestone Grit about 30 lbs is added either at
the original boiling, or subsequently when found most convenient. If subsequently
the addition may be made at the place where the artificial asphalte is to be used.
This material will be found suitable for paving footways for roofs cellars and
the like.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed wo declare that what
we claim is
The herein described manufacture of artificial asphalte from Creosote Oil, Coal
Tar Pitch, Resin, and Ground Barrow Lime, combined and treated substantially as
specified.
TALL 1
1004
IMPROVEMENT IN THE 'STRINGING UP OF PIANO'S
Year: 1884

page_text: I, THOMAS DODDRELL Slough (Postmaster) do hereby declaro the nature of my
invention for AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE 'STRINGING UP OF PIANO'S and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
That this said invention consists of a Regulating Screw Pin to be used in the
stringing up of Piano's. This pin is simply a screw about two inches in length one
end of which is squared for fixing the turning key. At the other end or point of
this screw is n socket about the of an inch deep and a moveable or piece fits into
this socket which extends about a of an inch beyond the end of the screw.
The wire is fixed or rather threaded to the exposed end of this moveable piece.
And this moveable piece has a projection or guide piece, in which is a small
groove into which the wire runs, and is guided through a small channel at the
lower part of the hole during the process of screwing up. The bore can be either
in an horizontal or obleque direction. The channel is easily cut along the bottom
of the hole by few strokes of a sharp pointed hooked tool. Should extra strength
be required in this screw, the bore can be first cased with metal; viz: about an inch
of tubing with a thread cut inside and outside, and a slit cut in it from end to end
so as to form the groove when screwed into the plank.
A. Is the plan of screw.
B The section of screw with loose piece removed.
C Plan of split nut and end view of same.
D Shewing A screwed into plank with string attached.
E Shewing A screwed into C (split nut) first inserted in plank.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
. The combination of the screw pin the pin to which the string is attached, and
the guide piece which keeps the string from the screw for tuning Pianofortes
substantially as described.
Dated this 18th day of March 1885.
AN IMPROVED ADJUSTABLE BRACKET FOR SUPPORTING ROLLER BLINDS
Year: 1884

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I JOHN PARTRIDGE of 29 City Road London in the County of Middlesex
Window Blind Fitting Maker do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for
AN IMPROVED ADJUSTABLE BRACKET FOR SUPPORTING ROLLER BLINDS and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention consists of a metal plate or bracket, called hereafter "a plate
bracket" capable of adjustment; the same to be used for the fixture or bearing
of a roller blind in position by the same being attached on or adjacent to the sash
bead of an ordinary window frame. The object of said means of adjustment being
to allow the plate bracket A to be drawn to or upon the sash bead and thereby
enabling the sash to pass to the top of window frame without obstruction, by the
blind plate bracket, or fixing block, when the blind is removed from position; and
also to enable the pins of the blind roller to pass up or down the running channel
and find working or bearing close to the side of sash-bead, thus keeping the blind
close to room and away from the working of top sash frame of window.
The plate-bracket is proposed to be attached by its form, fitting shape of bead
or frame and by a single screw or nail B through a hole in the plate-bracket A
on which screw or nail the plate bracket can be turned to obtain the desired
adjustment or by suitable slots D in plate-bracket C with screw, pins, or studs
thereby affording means of movement or by the plate being guided on the outer
edges by guides E fixed on or in the sash bead, or by the plate-bracket F being
suspended and by the springing character of the metal of which it may be formed,
springing or shifting over a stud G or into a hole, or by a screw in bead or adjacent
sash frame.
The plate bracket is proposed to be varied in its form to suit either of the before
stated modes of adjustment.
FEATURES OF NOVELTY.
1 The application of an alterable plate bracket to the bead of a sash frame to
allow the sash to work without obstruction by any roller blind fixing.
2nd The providing a fixing bracket for a roller blind that may be fixed by
a single screw or nail and by the same being able to move on same fixture or

page_text: of window frame, when the blind roller is down; and from the plate bracket being
formed to shape of bead or sash-frame, to hold the plate bracket in position when
the blind is working or resting on same.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
A bearing for a blind-roller in the form of a plate, shaped to fit the beading
of a window-frame; and attached in an adjustable manner, substantially, as herein
before described.
Dated the fifteenth day of February One thousand, eight hundred and eighty
IMPROVEMENT IN GRAPNELS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, HUBBARD CROMWELL CHESTER, of Noank, State of Connecticut, United
States of America, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for
IMPROVEMENT IN GRAPNELS, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
My improvement is intended to permit a grapnel to be folded up into small
compass when not required for use. To this end I hinge all the arms or flukes to
the shank. I mount on the shank a slide which will embrace or receive the tips of
the folded arms and will rest on the unfolded arms, and I provido a locking pin or
its equivalent for locking the slide in either position, so that the latter shall serve
to securely maintain the arms either folded or unfolded as desired.
In the accompanying Drawings I have represented a grapnel embodying my
improvement.
Figure 1 is a view of the grapnel unfolded. Figure 2 is a view of it folded, with
the slide in section.
A is the shank, to cars on the lower end of which the arms or flukes B are
hinged. The hinged ends of the arms are slanted or beveled, forming shoulders,
which, by bringing up against the shank, determine the extent of spread of the
unfolded arms. Upon the shank is a slide, C, whose lower end is cupped or
recessed, as shown at a, Fig. 2, to receive the points of the arms B, and thus hold
them in folded position. At a point in the shank A, just above the top of the slide
when its upper position, is a hole, b, for the passage of a locking pin, D, which
locks the slide down in place over the points or tips of the folded arms, which are
thus securely held. When it is desired to unfold the grapnel, the pin is removed,
the slide is raised to clear the arms, and the latter unfold and spread apart,
dropping to the position indicated in Fig. 1. The slide moves down on the shank
until it brings up against the unfolded arın, and at a point in the shank just above
the top of the slide when in this position is a second hole, c, through which the
locking pin D is inserted, so as to hold the slide down upon the arms, which are
consequently held securely in their unfolded position. The pin can be connected
to the slide by a chain, d, as indicated, and it can also have in its smaller end a
slot or hole (liko that in a linchpin) for the passage of a tongue or thong, c, of
leather or other suitable material to prevent the accidental displacement of the pin.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is―
The combination, with the shank and hinged and folding arms or flukes, of the
recessed or cupped slide adapted to receive the points of the folded arms and to
rest upon the unfolded or spread apart arms, and the locking device whereby the
slide is held in either of its two positions substantially as herein before set forth.