Improvements in Printing Telegraphs.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Dec., 1892 Accepted, 4th Mar:, 1893.
Improvements in Printing Telegraphs.
A communication from abroad by CHARLES LUMAN BUCKINGHAM, of 195,
Broadway, New York, State of New York, U.S.A., Lawyer.
I, WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of 46 Lincoln's Inn Fields in the County of London,
Consulting Engineer and Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of,
this invention and in what' manner the same is to be performed to be particularly"
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to reproduce messages in print, as rapidly as they.
have heretofore been recorded in dots, dashes and spaces by the Wheatstone or!
other similar methods, and by the employment of only about the same number of."
main line pulses.
.
In the Wheatstone system, positive and negative currents are alternately and
automatically sent over the line, and at the receiving station a polarized electro-
magnet under the influence of the positive pulses causes the point of an ink marker
to be brought against a moving band of paper, while by a negative pulse the pen
is raised and the mark terminated. Like Wheatstone, I prefer to employ positive..
and negative pulses, and a polarized receiving electro-magnet, though as will be
hereinafter seen, currents of one polarity only and a neutral receiving magnet might.
be used instead. In the alphabets of both systems, dots, dashes and spaces are
employed, but in mine every letter requires the transmission of the same number of
pulses; and if a Wheatstone ink writer were placed in the main line of my system,
it would record three ink marks to the letter. In sending six reversals, however,
three positive pulses and three negative for each letter, my system would seem to
be at a disadvantage, for Wheatstone is obliged to transmit only two pulses in some
cases and four in others. An average, however, shows little advantage in favor of
either system, for oftentimes Wheatstone must transmit twelve and fourteen
reversals in sending a letter.
.
A comparison shows that all Wheatstone letters requiring six reversals have the
same elements as certain letters in my alphabet, and that a divergence between the
two only occurs when Wheatstone employs more or less than six. In another
application for Letters Patent dated 13th December 1892 No. 22931 I have
described a multiple synchronous system by which the adjusting magnets of the
printer are operated by bringing the corresponding branches at each station
successively into connection with the main line, while in another application for
Letters Patent dated 13th December 1892 No. 22914 I show a harmonic multiple
system. In all multiple systems where there are simultaneous transmissions,
confusion arises that does not exist where pulses, one following another, are
employed. To avoid the many difficulties common to all multiple systems, I have
adopted the order of currents used in the Wheatstone system-a positive pulse
always following a negative. By this means I am not only able to utilize the
Wheatstone automatic transmitter and perforating mechanism, but an unbroken
main line may be substituted for the one which is broken at each end many times
a second where the multiple synchronous system is used. Even in my receiving
instrument I need no other main line relay or electro-magnet than the one with
which Wheatstone operates his ink marker.
--
I will now describe my invention by reference to the accompanying drawings:-
Fig. 1, is a diagram of one form of my system representing the transmitter and
the relay arrangement of the receiving instrument.
Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 44, are modifications of the system shown in Fig. 1.
Thio 5. discrem of the Wheatstone transmitter.

page_text: Fig. 6, represents my alphabet in such manner as to clearly show the sequence
of currents' employed.
Fig. 7, shows my alphabet transformed to meet the requirements of the
Wheatstone transmitter and the Wheatstone perforating mechanism.
Fig. 8, shows the form of printing instrument which I prefer to use in my
improved system.
513
Fig. 9, is a development of the surface of my type wheel, showing what letters
are brought to position to be printed by calling the adjuster magnets into action
one at a time, two at a time, three at a time, and four at a time, respectively.
Fig. 10, is a diagram showing the arrangement of electrical devices in my
modified, form of receiver which I employ, in my system.
Fig. 11, shows one of the type magnets and type lever operated thereby in the
modified form of receiver.
Referring to Fig. 8, it is seen that the typewheel is controlled by 'five adjuster'
magnets, and that it may be thrown into any required position by the adjusters,
when brought into action singly, or together in any one of many possible
combinations. Magnets 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, control armature levers F, G, H, I, J, the
latter at their free ends being provided with forks the prongs of which work within
circumferential grooves of the rods a, b, c, d, e. Rods a and d, are incapable of
rotation owing to feathered bearings in support.k and o; but they may be freely
moved along their.axes. Rods b, c and e, however, are capable both of rotary and
longitudinal movement, and each of the latter is provided at either end with a pin,
one of which plays in a straight slot in a sleeve at one side, while the other works
in a spiral groove in a second sleeve on the other side. The purpose of the straight
slots and spiral grooves in sleeves f, g, h, i, j, is apparent, it being understood
that the sleeves are capable only of rotation, they being collared or journalled in.
supports l, m, n, p, q, as shown. Shaft r, upon which type-wheel is fixed is
provided at one end with a radial pin which slides within the straight slot in the
other end of sleeve h, while at the opposite side of the wheel, rod r, is provided
with two collars' s, s, which enclose the ends of the rack bar t. It will now be
seen that as t¹, rotates it will move t2, and the latter by pressing against collars s, s,
carries the type-wheel backwards and forwards along its axis without in any
manner disturbing its circumferential position. Shaft r, passes through rack bar t²;
but rack bar 2, is held against rotation by guide rod u, the latter being rigidly
fixed to the bar while it slides freely in an opening in the frame. Press magnet P,
bar and platen p², are actuated by a local battery J, the circuit of which is
normally open. This circuit is automatically closed after the type-wheel has been
set to position for printing by the rotating of metallic part ', of the circuit closer
under brush d', thereby establishing contact between c¹ and d'. The relation and
purpose of shaft a*, upon which circuit closer b', is placed, will hereinafter be more
fully described.
By actuating adjusting levers F, G, H, singly the type-wheel will be rotated 1,2
and four spaces respectively. By actuating bar I, the left ring of type will be
brought over the platen. Likewise by operating J, the right ring will be moved
to the same position, while the second type ring from the right end of the wheel is
brought over the press by the conjoint action of I and J.
The wheel is provided with a blank space in the second type ring from the left
end, which normally rests over the platen. To avoid extreme movements of the
type wheel it is never rotated more than half way in either direction. This is
rendered possible by arranging armature lever H, to act in a direction opposite to
that of F and G, though the armatures might all be attracted in the same direction;
if the spiral grooves in h, were oppositely cut, as is the groove in j, with reference
to the groove in i.
This particular form of printing instrument is described by me in my said other
application for Letters Patent of even date herewith No. 22931.
I do not desire to limit my 'invention herein claimed to the particular form of
printing instrument shown in Fig. 8, for many others may be used. In.iaćt I may

page_text: use any form of printer in which a series of adjusters are employed whose limits of
action collectively are commensurate with the maximum movement of the type
carrying apparatus. My invention in part is also applicable to an entirely different
class of printers.
Having referred to one form of printing mechanism adapted to my present
invention, I will now describe the means by which I am enabled to bring inti)
action to the exclusion of the others, such of the adjuster magnets as may 'be
required, by a series of electrical pulses one following another over a single
main line.
་...
In Figs. 1 and 2, I have shown at the transmitting station a strip of paper having
two rows of perforations passing over a rotating metallic drum mounted upon a
shaft a', the latter being connected to main line L, by means of a friction brush b
The negative pole of battery B, connected with conducting stylus c', while the
positive pole of B', is joined with a stylus d', the opposite poles being connected
together and to earth E. It is thus seen that positive pulses are sent to line when
the point of stylus d', falls within apertures of the upper row, and that negative
pulses are transmitted as c', falls within those of the lower row. Some of the
perforations are elongated, and in all cases a hole in one row is opposite a space
between holes in the other so that as the paper strip is drawn over the drum,
positive and negative pulses are alternately transmitted to line. The letters are
represented by the six perforations between the transverse dotted lines. At the
receiving station in Fig. 1, R, is a polarized relay, the armature of which vibrates
between conductors o¹, p', and alternately connects battery O, through electro-
magnets m'; n. A shaft a", under the action of any suitable motor, not shown,
tends to rotate in a direction with the hands of a clock, and upon this shaft are
also mounted three armature bars 20; 21; 22, and a rotating arm T, carrying a
conductor which sweeps over the circular series of contacts 3, 5, 2, 1, 4, 6, commonly
called a "sunflower," the latter segment being much larger than the others. By this
means arm T, is caused to advance, one sixth of a rotation' each time that the
current of battery O, is changed from inagnet m¹ to n', serving as a step by step
escapement in a manner well understood in the electro-mechanical arts.
It is thus
seen that the trailer makes a complete rotation for every six reversals sent over
the main line, this being the number required to effect adjustment' of the type-
wheel to print any desired character. The employment of this particular number
of pulses to transmit a letter presupposes 32 type-wheel characters or spaces. If,
however, a type-wheel with a larger or smaller number were used, more or less
perforations for each letter or character would be required.
•
A series of polarized electro-magnets W, Y, V, U, X, which term selecting
relays, they being respectively connected with contacts 3, 5, 2, 1, 4, are provided
with two sets of opposing coils, each relay coil of one set being separately included.
in one of the multiple branches leading from battery N, to contacts 3, 5, 2, 1,14, as
shown. All of the other set, that is to say, the opposing coils are included in a
single branch 41, which leads from contact 6, to point 40, and thence to battery N.
The other pole of this battery is connected with the trailing conductor through
friction brush, and. arm T, and thus it is as the trailer revolves, battery N; is
successively connected through the first set of relay coils, and then simultaneously
through all of the second set. Normally the armatures of the selecting
relays W; Y, V, U, X, rest at back contact, nor are they moved so long as the
trailer is kept in rapid rotation. If, however, a main line pulse be momentarily
prolonged or strengthened by the passage of an elongated aperture under either
stylus eor d', at the transmitter, the trailer will be arrested sufficiently long to
permit battery N, to throw the armature of the corresponding selecting relay to
front contact; and in this manner any one or more of the polarized selecting relays
may be brought into action during each rotation of arm T, to in turn actuate the
adjuster magnets, 3, 5, 2, 1, 4, also shown in Fig. 8. The latter are placed in
multiple circuit with local battery M. When the trailer reaches the No. 4, contact,
the type-wheel will have been adjusted to a position dependent upon the number of

page_text: To this
times and the position where it has been arrested, and at this moment the rotating
circuit closer, on shaft a", closes the local circuit of battery J', through the coils
of press magnet P, thereby causing a paper tape to be struck against the type-
wheel. The trailer next arrives at the long contact 6, and directs a current through
all of the second set of polarized relay coils which are so wound as to produce a
contrary magnetic effect, and to thus return the armatures tongues to back contact
preparatory to the transmission of second character. Obviously, I must employ
such selecting relays that when once drawn to front contact, the armatures will
remain there even though the current be continued only for a moment.
end I have selected the polarized form in which the armature has a bias towards
its back contact, though many other forms of apparatus having its capacity, well
known in the art, may be adopted. A device having this capacity is also shown in
Fig. 4. In this case when the armature is brought to front contact, it closes a
local circuit which retains a neutral armature until a second circuit is closed, the
latter being employed to withdraw all of the armatures and to break the locals first
established. Instead of a local circuit and resetting coils on the selecting relays,
brought into action at the end of a rotation of the trailer, many other mechanism
may be employed such, for example, as mechanical means actuated by the motor
which rotates the trailer.
"
The contact segments of the "sunflower" are given the numbering here shown
in order that the adjusters having the longest movement may have more time than
the others in which to act. The selecting relay joined to segment 3, controls
adjuster No. 3, which has the greatest distance to move, and by this arrangement
it is seen that the adjuster need not complete its action until the time of
printing; that is, until the trailer has reached the No..4, segment. The other
adjusters require less time to act and are consequently placed in a more advanced
position..
To avoid actuating the polarized relays except when a prolonged pulse is sent
over the line, it will be found necessary to make the contacts 3, 5, 2, 1, 4, very
narrow, and to rotate the arm T, very rapidly. Even then other forms will be
found more satisfactory. To avoid this difficulty I have shown a main line neutral
relay S, whose armature normally rests at back contact thus leaving all of the
branches to contacts 3, 5, 2, 1, 4, broken when only short pulses are sent over the
line. The armature of S, rests at back contact t¹, but when a prolonged or
strengthened current is transmitted, the armature is drawn to ¹, thus closing the
circuit of battery N, through that one of the segments or contacts upon which the
trailer may happen to be arrested and through the corresponding selecting relay.
A prolongation of main line current which will close the local circuit of N, will
also through relay R, and escapement magnets m', n', arrest the trailer, thus
simultaneously closing the circuit of N, at two points.
In Fig. 2, I have also shown a modification which consists in an independent.
battery N', and a separate local circuit leading from contact 6, to friction brush y',
its purpose being to return the armatures of the selecting relays to back contact
after the printing of a character. In this and other figures instead of the electro-
motor escapement of Fig. 1, I have shown an ordinary ratchet step-by-step
releasing device. A variety of devices for this purpose readily suggest them-
selves.
Fig. 4, shows a modification in which relay S, has been removed from the main
line and placed in the local circuit controlled by relay R. In this case the armature
of S, will be drawn to t', whenever the tongue of R, is arrested at one side or the
other, for the local circuit of O, will have sufficient time to overcome the inertia
of S. Obviously, S, must be more sluggish thau m² or n'.
This system is as well adapted to way station service as is the Wheatstone,
and any number of relays may be placed in one circuit. Two such stations are
also shown in Fig. 4. In Figs. 1, 2 and 4, I have employed branches of an
independent local circuit within which to place the setting coils of the selecting
relays W, Y, V, U, X, but. this is not indispensable, as main line branches, as is

page_text: 5
shown in Fig. 3, may be used. In this case the main. line, while only short pulses
are passing, is closed through spring u', contact v', and resistance R'. When,
however, a prolonged current is sent, armature t¹, breaks the circuit through R',.
and closes it to brush x, and through the various branches joining contacts 3, 5, 2, 1, 4,
with the relays. These branches merely form main line shunts around resistance K'.
In Fig. 4, for convenience of illustration, I have omitted the use of a neutral
relay but with the form of "sunflower" here shown such a relay is as necessary as.
it is in Figs. 2 and 4.
From the foregoing it is seen that my. letters are formed by prolonging,.
strengthening or otherwise modifying some one or more of the six pulses required.
to transmit and record a letter, and that the character of currents employed is
precisely the same as in the Wheatstone system.
While Wheatstone for many characters employs more or less than six pulses, he,.
however, always uses an even number for each, and a positive pulse on the line is
always followed by a negative. In both systems these transmissions when produced
by an ink writer occur as dots and dashes, and as spaces between the ink marks;.
and thus it is that my messages may be perforated by the Wheatstone. punchers
now commonly used, and transmitted through the Wheatstone sender without the
slightest modification. Fig. 6, shows my alphabet with elongated holes, the per-.
forations in one row alternating with those in the other. This form might be used
in practice. I prefer, however, to transform this arrangement into that shown
in Fig. 7, the latter being adapted to the Wheatstone transmitter without change..
In Fig. 7, two perforations in a vertical line represent a dut; while beginning with
an upper perforation and passing diagonally downwards. to the right across one
space to a second perforation is a dash, representing a prolonged positive current.
Likewise beginning with a perforation in the lower row and passing diagonally
upwards to the right across three spaces to a second perforation is a space or what
is effected by a prolonged negative current.
Where two perforations are in the same transverse line, a positive current is first
sent by the upper hole, and a negative current next by the lower-a result which
arises from the fact that the needle or pin passing over the upper row of holes is in.
advance of the other by about the width of a perforation.
Fig. 5, shows the ordinary form of Wheatstone transmitter in which battery B',.
is rapidly reversed through arms a', y', pins v', to', and discs D', E'; while a strip-
of perforated paper like that of Fig. 7, is constantly passing between the upper
ends of needles 9', ', and a toothed wheel. A rocking beam having pins u, t, is-
vibrated by a link O', and a crank g, the latter being revolved by a piston r,.
gearing with a wheels. It is seen that pins t, u, serve to alternately depress.
levers,, and to thus move arms and e¹, and rods m', n', the latter being attached
to arms F, G; but these pins do not press the pins upward. The springs attached
tok, el, however, exert considerable force.tending to raise pins g, h, and this they
accomplish whenever apertures in the paper pass above their ends, but not other..
wise. The arm G, is held at one side or the other by a jockey wheel mounted upon
a spring H, and by this means the battery is never reversed after a pulsation has.
been begun until an opposite perforation has come into position over its pin..
While a pin is pressing against the paper the vibrations of the walking beam will
not reverse the battery. It is due to this fact that circular perforations all of one.
size, as shown in Fig. 7, may be employed, even where some of the pulses are to be.
prolonged.
It is apparent that only currents of one polarity need be used, thus enabling-
relay R, to be made neutral; and as is well known the Wheatstone system is capable-
of this modification. In such a case the upper holes in the paper would merely
serve to begin a pulse, while the lower ones would only act to discontinue it,.
without sending a current of opposite polarity.
In practice the prolongation of pulses will be found to be superior to all others.
in this system, for by this means the current at a distant station is more effectually
strengthened than by merely adding more battery. It is obvious that a series of

page_text: main line pulses may also be modified in many ways other than by adding battery.
Certain pulses might be omitted or be given a harmonic character. A large
.variety of modifications of this class may be found in the art of printing telegraphy
and do not here require further notice.
I will now proceed to describe my improved form of receiver which is illustrated
in Fig's. 10 and 11, and which may be used in my system hereinbefore described.
In this modified form of receiver as many type-levers and type-lever magnets as
there are characters to be printed are employed instead of a series.of. adjusters
capable of being brought into action, one or more at a time, to move a type carrier
to any desired position after the manner illustrated in Fig's. 8 and 9.
The
receiver Fig's. 10 and 11, is in substance a typewriter adapted' to a single line
telegraph in such manner that each letter is transmitted and printed by a series of
pulses one: following the other....
1
In Fig's. 10 and 11, R, is: a polarized relay, the armature of which vibrates
between contact g, h, and alternately connects battery B', through escapement
.electro-magnets n, n. A shaft under the action of any suitable motor, not shown,
tends to rotate in the direction of the hands of a clock; and upon this shaft is fixed
an escapement wheel having three teeth together with a trailing arm T, carrying a
-conductor which sweeps over a sunflower consisting of a circular series of segmental
..contacts numbered from 1 to 6. By this means arm T, is caused to advance one
sixth of a rotation each time relay K, changes battery B', from magnet n, to n!,
and vice versa. It is thus seen that the trailer makes a complete rotation each
time six reversals are sent over the main line, this being the number required to
transmit and print each letter. The employment of this number of pulses to send
a letter presupposes the use of 32 or some less number of type. levers. If, however,
less than 16 or more than 32 type levers were used in a receiving instrument only
four perforations in one case would be required, while eight would be necessary in
the latter.
"
In like
Branches 11 to 15, are connected with the first five segments of the sunflower,
and they include a combination of polarized electro-magnets U, V, W, X, Y,
which I term selecting relays, there being 16 Y's in 11, 8 X's in 12, 4 W's in 13,
2 V's in 14 and 1 V in 15. These branches are connected by wire 10, in multiple
circuit with battery B, one pole of which is joined to the armature bar of relay S,
while the front contact is connected with a circuit brush e, bearing upon the shaft
of trailer T. The short currents sent over the main line are insufficient to attract
the armature of relay S, although they serve to actuate the escapement which
controls the sunflower trailer's rotation. If, however, a main line pulse were
prolonged, the trailer would be arrested, and the armature of relay S; would be
attracted to front contact thus closing battery B, through one of the several
branches containing the selecting relays, and the armatures of the selecting relays
in such branch would be thrown to the right or against the front contacts.
manner if the trailer were successively. arrested in passing from segment to segment
in the course of a rotation, the tongues of all the selecting relays would be actuated.
In transmitting a letter its character is determined by the particular pulse or pulses
which are prolonged, and as will be seen by referring to my alphabet, Fig. 4, some
one or more of the six apertures for each letter are elongated. As the trailer
rotates over the sunflower it will be arrested upon segments corresponding with the
elongated apertures in the letter being transmitted. In Fig. 10, I have represented
a series of 32 magnets, Z, for separately actuating the typewriter, and only one of
these magnets can be brought into action at a time, whatever the movements of the
armatures of the selecting relays. The terminals of magnets Z, are connected on
one side in multiple circuit by wire 32, with battery M, while upon the other side
they are connected with contacts m,m', of selecting relays Y. Likewise the
tongues of relays Y, are joined with contacts 1, 1', of X, the armatures of
relays X, with contacts k, k of W, the armatures of relays W, with contactsj, j',
of V, and the armatures of relays V, with contacts i, i, of relay U. At all times a
circuit will be formed from wire.38, through some one of the type magnets. This

page_text: circuit, however, is normally broken at the tongue of relay N, which rests at back;
contact. When, however, the trailer has reached the No. 5, segment it closes
local circuit 30, including relay N, and battery O. One terminal of 30 is joined
with segments 5 and 6 and the other with brush Z, the latter bearing upon the
shaft of the trailer. The necessity for relay N is apparent. Without it a circuit-
from battery M, would at all times be formed through some one of the type
magnets Z, and a new circuit would thus be formed upon operating the relays in
any one of the selecting branches, thus causing one or more false impressions in the,
transmission of each letter. By connecting local circuit 30, with segments 5 and 6,
it is obvious that all of the circuits through the type magnets will remain open
until the required ones of the selecting relays have been set, and printing effected.
by the completion of some one of the many printing circuits, the armatures of the
selecting relays, or such of them as have been moved must be returned or reset to
their back contacts. This I can accomplish preferably by providing the selecting.
relays with opposing coils, or other suitable devices, connected in multiple
branches 21 to 25 with a local battery placed in wire 20. At the sunflower the
resetting circuit is formed by brush Z, through the trailer and segment 6. The.
tongues of the selecting relays have a bias towards back contact, and when brought
to front contact by a pulse they will remain in such position until retracted although
the current by which they have been moved has ceased.
It is apparent that neutral as well as polarized magnets may be used for selecting.
relays, and that any suitable mechanical means might be employed to reset their
tongues while trailer T, is passing over seginent 6.
Fig. 11, represents two printing magnets Z, of the series shown in Fig. 1. The
type-levers t, are pivoted at u, upon supports, and are joined by short arms to
links r, which form connections with armature levers q, the latter being normally
held in an upper position by spring p. The type-levers carry type e, which are
struck against a sheet of paper P, extending under an impression drum A, to print
a message.
From the foregoing it is seen that my letters are formed by prolonging,
strengthening or otherwise modifying some one or more of the six pulses required
to transmit and record a letter, and that the character of currents is precisely the
same as herein before described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is
1. In a telegraph system, the combination substantially as described, of a main
line, an automatic transmitter by which each letter or character is transmitted by
a series of pulses succeeding one another, a printing instrument, a series of type
controlling magnets, and a series of adjusting devices whose limits of action
collectively are commensurate with the entire range of type wheel movement.
2. In a printing telegraph, the combination of a dot and dash alphabet, a single
main line, a main line relay at a receiving station, a series of selecting relays con-
trolled by the main line relay, a series of adjusting magnets, and a printing
instrument having a series of adjusters whose range of action collectively is
commensurate with the maximum movement of the type carrying apparatus.
3. In an automatic telegraph system, the combination of a transmitter, an
alphabet formed by perforations or embossures by which an equal number of
successive pulses is transmitted for each letter or character, the transmission being
determined by spaces between pulses or by prolonging or otherwise modifying one
or more of the pulses transmitted, a main line, and a receiving instrument having a
series of adjusters separately responsive as described, whose range of motion
collectively is commensurate with the maximum movement of the type carrying
apparatus, said adjusters corresponding in arrangement with the perforations
forming each and every letter or character transmitted:
4. In an automatic printing telegraph system, a perforated or embossed strip of

page_text: paper for transmitting the message in which each letter or character is represented
by an equal number of apertures or embossures, adapted to send a succession of
pulses, the same i
e in number for all letters or characters transmitted.
5. In an automatic, printing telegraph, the combination of a transmitting tape in
which the letters transmitted are distinguished from one another by variations in
the number and position of perforations or embossures, and a receiving instrument
having a series of selecting magnets corresponding in number to the number of
-different positions which said perforations or embossures may have in a letter
space, and adapted to be brought into action one after the other in regular order
or succession by the actuating pulses which are sent by the said distinguishing
perforations or embossures, and once for each letter movement of the transmitting
⚫ tape.
.-
6. In an automatic printing telegraph system, a perforated strip of paper for
transmitting the message having two rows of apertures, one for transmitting
positive and the other for transmitting negative pulses, in which each letter is
représented by a definite number of apertures, while the character of the letters is
determined by the length of the intervening spaces.
7. In a printing telegraph system, the combination, of a main line, a relay, a
-sunflower, a rotating arm controlled by said relay, a series of selecting relays having
coils which are brought into action when a pulse is, prolonged, strengthened or
modified, resetting coils which are brought into action during each rotation of the
sunflower arm, a printing instrument, and a series of adjusting electro-magnets.
+
8. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a main line, a relay, a
sunflower, a rotating arm controlled by said relay, a series of selecting relays, each
of which is provided with a resetting coil, a printing instrument, a series of type
adjusting magnets, and a press mechanism which is operated simultaneously at or
before the operation of resetting occurs..
9. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a main line, a polarized
relay which is responsive to positive and negative currents, a sunflower, a rotating
arm which is controlled by said relay, a series of selecting relays each of which is
provided with a coil in a branch leading to a sunflower segment, a second relay
which is responsive only to prolonged, strengthened or modified pulses which serves
to close said sunflower branches, when brought into action, a resetting circuit, a
printing machine, and a series of type adjusting devices.
10. In a printing telegraph system, a main line polarized relay, a local circuit
operated by said relay for controlling the rotation of a sunflower arm, a series of
selecting magnets having two sets of coils, a neutral relay placed in the local
-circuit controlled by the polarized relay, it being adapted to close the branches
from the sunflower segments to the selecting relays, a printing machine, and a series
of type adjusting devices.
11. In a printing telegraph system, a main line, a polarized relay, a sunflower, a
rotating arm, a series of selecting relays formed of polarized magnets each having
two sets of coils, a printing machine and a series of type adjusters.
12. In a printing telegraph system, a main line, a polarized relay, a sunflower, a
series of selecting relays each of which is formed of neutral cores, a coil in a local
circuit for holding the armature at front contact, and a second auxiliary coil for
resetting the tongues, a printing machine, and a series of type adjusters.
13. In a printing telegraph, the combination of a single main line, a main line
relay, a sunflower, a series of sunflower branches containing selecting relays, one or
inore of said relays being brought into action for each character transmitted, a
typewriting printer, and a series of printing circuits, one for each type character,
said printing circuits being separately selected in each case by one or more of said
-selecting relays.
14. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a telegraph line, a main
line relay operated by alternately positive and negative currents, a series of
branches controlled by said relay which include selecting relays one or more of
said relays being brought into action for each character transmitted, through whose

page_text: tongues taken in series or tandem are successively formed a series of local circuits,.
and a series of electro-magnets controlled thereby.
15. The combination of a telegraph line, a relay a sunflower and mechanism for
actuating a moving arm, a series of multiple branches or circuits containing selecting
relays, substantially as described, a series of branches formed by the tongues of the
selecting relays, the path of each branch including a series or tandem arrangement.
of said tongues, and a series of electro-magnets controlled thereby.
16. In an automatic printing telegraph system, the combination of a transmitter
employing a paper tape upon which cach letter or character is represented by an
equal number of perforations or embossures, and which is transmitted by an equal
number of succeeding electrical pulses, a single main line, a main line relay, a series
of selecting relays controlled by the main line relay, a series of type magnets, and
a series of circuits, one for each type magnet, formed by the selecting relays by
which the actuating magnets may be brought into action one at a time to actuate a
corresponding series of printing levers.
17. In an automatic printing telegraph, an alphabet in which each of its letters is
formed by a definite number of transmitted pulses, the character of the letter.
being determined by prolonging, strengthening or otherwise modifying one or more
of said pulses, a single main line a relay at the receiving station, a sunflower or
equivalent device, a series of multiple branches or circuits containing selecting
relays, substantially as described, a resetting circuit or circuits, a series of multiple
branches or circuits formed by the tongues of the selecting relays, a typewriting
machine, and a series of actuating electro-magnets Z, as and for the purpose set
forth.
18. In an automatic printing telegraph in which messages are transmitted by
an alphabet in which each letter is formed by a definite number of transmitted.
pulses, the character of the letters being determined by prolonging strengthening
or otherwise modifying some one or more of said pulses, the combination of a
single main line, a polarized relay R, a sunflower, a series of branches 11 to 15,.
including selecting relays, a relay S, a series of actuating magnets and circuits.
formed by the tongues of the selecting relays, including said actuating magnets, a
relay N, a series of resetting branches or circuits 21 to 25, and a typewriting
machine, substantially as described.
Dated this 13th day of December 1892.
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham..