AN IMPROVED NON-CONDUCTING COMPOSITION FOR PREVENTING THE RADIATION OR TRANSMISSION OF HEAT OR COLD, AND AN IMPROVED METHOD OF APPLYING THE SAME
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ferdinand Le Roy, of the Commercial Road, in
the County of Middlesex, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "AN
IMPROVED NON-CONDUCTING COMPOSITION FOR PREVENTING THE RADIATION OR
TRANSMISSION OF HEAT OR COLD, AND AN IMPROVED METHOD OF APPLYING
THE SAME."
"
Sealed the 29th December 1868, and dated the 10th August 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ferdinand Le Roy at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 10th August 1868.
I, FERDINAND LE ROY, of the Commercial Road, in the County of
Middlesex, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED NON-CONDUCTING COMPOSITION FOR PREVENTING
THE RADIATION OR TRANSMISSION OF HEAT OR COLD, AND AN IMPROVED METHOD OF
APPLYING THE SAME," to be as follows, that is to say :-
My Invention relates to improvements on the Invention for which
Letters Patent were granted to me, dated the Twenty-seventh day of
March One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, No. 864, and consists

page_text: in certain additions to and modifications in the substances constituting
and processes of treating the composition herein referred to, and in an
improved mode of applying the same.
My improved composition can be used as a substitute for mortar and
cement in building or stopping up boilers and other steam receivers with
bricks, also for coating steam boilers, locomotives, cylinders, steam
pipes, charcoal filters, and other steam receivers and apparatus of any
kind where it is required to prevent the radiation of heat; it may also
be used for coating pumps, cylinders, pipes, and other utensils and
apparatus for containing and conveying water and other liquids and
beverages requiring to be protected from the external air, intense cold,
and frost..
I prepare the improved non-conducting composition by mixing and
combining brick clay with powdered charcoal, sawdust, fuel sweepings,
cow hair, cocoa-nut fibre, wheaten flour, yeast, or other fermentable
substance, residues from the conversion of starch into sugar, water, and
cotton foot oil in the following manner :- In a vessel of a suitable form
and size furnished with a stirring apparatus I place about one hundred
and twelve parts in weight of brick clay, seventy parts in weight of
powdered charcoal, twenty-eight parts in weight of sawdust, twenty-
eight parts in weight of fuel sweepings, eight parts in weight of cow
hair, eight parts in weight of cocoa-nut fibre, two parts in weight of
wheaten flour, yeast, or other fermentable substance, eight parts in
weight of the residues from the conversion of starch into sugar, eighty
parts in weight of water, and thirty-six parts in weight of cotton foot
oil. The stirring apparatus is then put in motion, and as soon as these
substances are well mixed and combined into a paste or mortar I then
put the composition into a fermenting vat and submit it to a certain
temperature so as to cause fermentation, the result of which is a homo-
geneous self-adhesive substance, which is then ready to be used for the
purposes herein-before described. For covering marine and locomotive
boilers, the fronts of horizontal boilers, and flat upright surfaces, I use
at certain distances between the first and second inch of the composition
hoop iron fastened at each end with screws. The object of this hoop
iron is to secure the equal adhesion of the composition, the hoop iron
undergoing the same expansion and contraction as the iron of the
boiler.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Ferdinand Le Roy in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 10th February 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FERDINAND
LE ROY, of the Commercial Road, in the County of Middlesex, Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Ferdinand Le Roy, Her special licence
that I, the said Ferdinand Le Roy, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Ferdinand Le Roy, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED NON-
CONDUCTING COMPOSITION FOR PREVENTING THE RADIATION OR TRANSMISSION OF
HEAT OR COLD, AND AN IMPROVED METHOD OF APPLYING THE SAME," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Ferdinand Le Roy, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner.
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immie-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Ferdinand Le Roy, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
My Invention relates to improvements on the Invention for which
Letters Patent were granted to me, dated the Twenty-seventh day of
March One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, No. 864, and consists
in certain additions to and modifications in the substances constituting
and processes of treating the composition therein referred to, and in an
improved mode of applying the same.

page_text: My improved composition can be used as a substitute for mortar and
cement in building or stopping up boilers and other steam receivers with
bricks, also for coating steam boilers, locomotives, cylinders, steam
pipes, charcoal filters, and other steam receivers and apparatus of any
kind where it is required to prevent the radiation of heat; it may also
be used for coating pumps, cylinders, pipes, and other utensils and
apparatus for containing and conveying water and other liquids and
beverages requiring to be protected from the external air, intense cold,
and frost.
I prepare the improved non-conducting composition by mixing and
combining brick clay with powdered charcoal, sawdust, fuel sweepings,
cow hair, cocoa-nut fibre, wheaten flour, yeast, or other fermentable
substance, residues from the conversion of starch into sugar, water, and
cotton foot oil in the following manner :-In a vessel of a suitable form
and size furnished with a stirring apparatus I place about 112 parts in
weight of brick clay, 70 parts in weight of powdered charcoal, 28 parts
in weight of sawdust, 28 parts in weight of fuel sweepings, 8 parts in
weight of cow hair, 8 parts in weight of cocoa-nut fibre, 2 parts in weight
of wheaten flour, yeast, or other fermentable substance, 8 parts in
weight of the residues from the conversion of starch into sugar, 80 parts
in weight of water, and 36 parts in weight of cotton foot oil. The
stirring apparatus is then put in motion, and as soon as the substances
are well mixed and combined into a paste or mortar I put the mixture
or composition into a fermenting vat and submit it to such a heat as to
cause fermentation, by which a homogeneous self-adhesive substance is
formed. The composition is then ready to be used for the purposes
herein-before stated. For covering marine and locomotive boilers, the
fronts of horizontal boilers, and flat upright surfaces, I use at certain
distances between the first and second inch of the composition hoop
iron fastened at each end with screws. This hoop iron serves to secure
the equal adhesion of the composition, the hoop iron undergoing the
same expansion and contraction as the iron of the boiler.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, what I claim is,―
Firstly. The employment of fuel sweepings and residues from the
conversion of starch into sugar in combination with the other herein-
before stated substances for the preparation or production of an improved

page_text: non-conducting composition, substantially as and for the purposes
herein-before described.
Secondly. The submitting the said substances to fermentation, as
herein-before described.
Thirdly. The employment of hoop iron, substantially in the manner
and for the purpose herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ferdinand Le Roy, have hereto
set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of February, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
FERDINAND LEROY. (L.S.)