Improvements in Shoes for Horses or other Hoofed Animals.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Apr., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 26th Jan., 1899-Accepted, 26th Apr., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Shoes for Horses or other Hoofed Animals.
I. FREDERICK ABRAHAM POUPARD, of Cambrian House, West Norwood, in the
County of Surrey, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:
1
This invention relates to shoes adapted for attachment to the hoofs of horses
or other hoofed animals without the use of nails or screws, piercing the outer
she!! of the hoof and consists in a particular disposition of combined malleable
clips and tread studs upon the shoe to effect a secure locking or dovetail grip
upon the hardest outer shell of the hoof.
The form of the locking grip I employ, is a clip or short tongue, either formed
out of the same material of the shoe or inserted therein, situated at the extreme
edge of the shoe, which clip being malleable is bent over upon the taper face
of the hoof, and in combination with a sharp stud upon the inner tread of the
shoe, which imbeds in the lower face of the hoof, the said bent clip and stud
grips with a dove tail lock a portion of the hard outer shell of the hoof.
Such combined clip and stud as adapted to a horse shoe is already the subject
matter of Letters Patent applied for by me under No. 10009 and date 21 April 1897
but I have found that the effective grip of such combined clip and stud depends
upon its position on the shoe and the part of the hoof to which the grip is
applied.
I have found that it is of no practical effect to attempt to apply such gripping
clips to the rear part of the hoof after the largest diameter of the hoof has been
passed, as the outer wall of the hoof from that point rearward tends to become
perpendicular or even to slope outwards and which is therefore not adapted
afford a dovetail grip between the bent clip and the stud.
I have found also that at least three of such gripping clips and studs must
be employed to give a secure hold between the shoe and the hoof, or in cases
where it may be advisable, more should be used; and that such three or more
gripping clips and studs must be situated on the arc of the shoe towards the toe
on or between the two ends of the largest transverse diameter of the shoe in the
horizontal plane.
Date :
1
A
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1000

page_text: 1, FREDERICK ABRAHAM POUPARD, of Cambrian House, West Norwood, in the
County of Surrey, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:
―
This invention relates to shoes adapted for attachment to the hoofs of horses
or other hoofed animals without the use of nails or screws piercing the outer
shell of the hoof and without the use of bands surrounding the said hoof, and
consists in a particular disposition of combined malleable clips and tread studs,
the latter being adapted to be securely fixed in the shoe after fitting to the hoof,
to effect a sure locking or dove tail grip upon the hardest shell of the hoof.
The form of the locking grip I employ is a clip or short tongue, either formed
out of the material of the shoe, or inserted therein, and situated at the extreme
edge of the shoe at or near the point of the shoe and upon the front arc of the
shoe, upon or between the largest transverse diameter of the shoe. In combination
with this edge clip I employ a sharp vertical stud upon the tread of the shoe,
situated, inside and close to the edge clip, and adapted to be fixed in the shoe
after the same has been fitted to the hoof, the said edge clips when bent over
the outer sloping wall of the hoof forming with the adjacent sharp tread stud a
locking dove-tail grip upon the outer wall of the hoof.
Such combined edge-clip and tread stud, as adapted to a nailless horse-shoe,
has already been patented to me under No. 10,009 and dated 21st day of April
1897, but I have found that the effective grip of such combined edge clip and
tread stud, depends upon its position on the shoe, and the part of the hoof to
which the grip is applied, viz. to the front are of the hoof or shoe between and
up to the largest transverse diameter of the shoe.
And I have found it is useless to apply such grips to the rear-ward flanks of the
hoof behind such largest transverse diameter and even disadvantageous, as the
absence of side clips or attachments at the heel of the hoof permits contraction
and expansion of the cartilaginous part of the heel.
So effective do I find the dove-tail grips of the edge clips and tread studs at
the forward part of the hoof, that though I preferably use three such grips upon
the said front are of the shoe, and may use more on the said arc, I have found that
two will give a secure attachment, and that therefore that side of the shoe an.
hoof towards the adjacent leg of the horse may be entirely without any projection
outside or beyond the hoof, which is advantageous where a horse may tend to
cut or brush with one hoof and shoe against the adjacent leg.
And in order that my invention may be the better understood, I will now
proceed to describe the same with reference to the drawings hereto annexed and
to the letters and figures marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a hoof with nailless shoe attached thereto show-
ing three clips.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of the same.
Figure 3 is a plan of the shoe showing a minimum of only two clips, the clips
being upright and the tread studs not yet fixed in a condition for fitting or
burning to the hoof.
Figs. 4 and 5 show two side elevations of the chisel pointed tread studs detached,
and
Fig. 6 shows the stud clinched in place in the shoe.
To carry out my invention, upon the shoe A, I provide two, three, or more
clin tongues B, one at or about the toe and the other or others at the flanks and

page_text: situated in front of or at the outer points of the largest transverse diameter of
the shoe. They are of such thickness and material that they can be bent over
toward the hoof by the tap of a hammer, and may be forged with the shoe or
otherwise attached thereto.
I bave found that where it is advisable not to use any external excresence over-
lapping the hoof on that side nearest to the adjoining leg, attachment may be
secured by two outer clips only, one at or about the toe; and the other at the
outer flank, but I may in such case use three or more tread studs.
Close to each of these edge clips BI provide a sharp pointed stud C, preferably
of a chisel-shaped head, and which, having a square or rectilinear stem, is dropped
into a corresponding recess in the shoe, and is checked by the under shoulder of
the chisel head after they are in position in the tread, they may be clenched
there by burring over the edge of the hole by a chisel upon the shoulders of the
square neck which are below the edge of the hole as shown in Fig. 6.
The tongue clips when in position for placing the shoe on the hoof are vertical.
The shoe is fitted to the hoof in the usual manner by burning or otherwise, before
the studs C are inserted, which is most important for the easy fitting of the shoe
to the hoof.
After the studs C have been inserted into their places, the shoe is tapped on to
the hoof and the tongue-clips B are hammered on or otherwise pressed on to the
outer wall of the hoof; or the horse, or other animal, may be caused to place its
foot firmly on the ground and the pressure of the animal will suffice in most cases
to cause the studs to enter the under face of the hoof, and the clip tongues B are
then hammered or pressed upon the front and flanks of the hoof.
The effect is a locking grip between the clip tongue and its adjacent stud upon
the portion of the hard outer horn of the hoof between them, and these grips
being distributed only over those portions of the shoe limited to the toe and the
flanks at or forward of the greatest transverse diameter of the shoe, suffice to
securely fix the shoe to the hoof without the use of nails, screws, or bands, and
without pressure between the opposite sides of the hoof as a whole, and without
preventing the free play of the cartilaginous part of the heel, which would be
injurious to the animal.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1st. A nailless horse-shoe, having two three, or more locking grips upon the
outer horn of the hoof, situated only on the front arc of the shoe, on or between
the ends of the largest transverse diameter of the shoe, consisting of adjacent
edge malleable clips and tread-studs, the latter being adapted to be fixed into the
shoe after the same has been fitted to the hoof, substantially as described.
2nd. In a nailless horse-shoe tread studs having an upper chisel point extend-
ing to form a shoulder on either side of the neck; such neck making shoulders
at the long sides of the chisel point and at a level below the under face of the
chisel point, adapted to be clenched by the edges of the holes in the shoe, sub-
stantially as described.
3rd. A nailless shoe having gripping attachment to the outer horn of the hoof
arranged upon the shoe substantially as described and illustrated in the drawings
annexed hereto.
1000
FELL & JAMES,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.