IMPROVEMENTS IN MATERIALS OR COMPOSITIONS FOR DESTROYING INSECTS ON ANIMALS, PLANTS, AND OTHER OBJECTS, AND FOR PROTECTING THEM THEREFROM.
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander McDougall, of Penrith, in the County
1
of Cumberland, Esquire, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MATERIALS OR COMPOSITIONS FOR DESTROYING INSECTS ON ANIMALS, PLANTS,
AND OTHER OBJECTS, AND FOR PROTECTING THEM THEREFROM.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander McDougall
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 25th June 1874.
:
I, ALEXANDER MCDOUGALL, of Penrith, in the County of Cumberland,
Esquire, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MATERIALS OR COMPOSITIONS FOR DESTROYING INSECTS ON ANIMALS,
PLANTS, AND OTHER OBJECTS, AND FOR PROTECTING THEM THEREFROM," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists in the admixture of the composition described
in Letters Patent granted to me; No. 2510, 1860, with sulphur and a
liquid which I obtain by washing the oil produced between the spirit or
naptha and the pitch in the destructive distillation of carbonaceous
:

page_text: substances with an alkali (I use the portion of the oil which combines
with the alkali). These substances I mix together by any simple
means.
I also take carbolic acid other than "crude carbolic acid," and render
it into a paste or composition in a manner similar to that described in
the Specification of the Letters Patent above referred to for so rendering
crude carbolic acid or dead oil, and to this I also add sulphur.
For application on plants and other vegetation I use one of the above
compositions or one prepared as follows:-I take the oil produced
between the spirit or naptha and the pitch in the destructive distillation
of carbonaceous substances, or any of its constituents, and render it into
a paste or composition in a manner similar to that described in Letters
Patent above referred to for so rendering crude carbolic acid or dead
oil; or for this purpose I take ordinary soaps and add to them
carbolic acid. The compositions so produced may then be applied in
any convenient manner for the destruction of insects or preventing their
attack on sheep or other animals, on plants, or on any structures or
fabrics, or other objects liable to be infested by them, either in the form
of a paste or when mixed with water or oil.
:
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said Alexander McDougall in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 24th December 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALEXANDER
MCDOUGALL, of Penrith, in the County of Cumberland, Esquire, send
greeting.
:
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of June, in the year.
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
38th year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Alexander McDougall, Her special a
license that I, the said Alexander McDougall, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Alexander McDougall;
my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree:

page_text: with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MATERIALS OR COMPOSITIONS FOR DESTROYING INSECTS ON
ANIMALS, PLANTS, AND OTHER OBJECTS, AND FOR PROTECTING THEM THEREFrom,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Alexander
McDougall, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alexander McDougall, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, that is to say :-
My said Invention consists in the admixture of the composition
described in the Letters Patent granted to me October 15th 1860,
No. 2510, with sulphur and a liquid which I obtain by washing the oil
produced between the spirit or naptha and the pitch in the destructive
distillation of carbonaceous substances with an alkali (I use the portion
of the oil which combines with the alkali). These substances I mix
together by any simple means, and by preference in about the following
proportions, viz. :-4 parts by weight of the composition described in
the Specification of the Letters Patent above referred to, 2 parts by
weight of sulphur, and 1 part by weight of the liquid obtained by washing.
the oil produced between the spirit or naptha and the pitch in the
destructive distillation of carbonaceous substances.
I also take carbolic acid other than "crude carbolic acid," and render
it into a paste or composition in a manner similar to that described in
the Specification of the Letters Patent above referred to for so rendering
crude carbolic acid or dead oil, and to this I also add sulphur. In
carrying out this part of my Invention I take, say, about 3 parts by
weight of a composition containing 20 per cent. of carbolic acid other.
than "crude carbolic acid," and I add thereto, say, about 2 parts by
weight of sulphur, and mix the two together by any suitable-means...

page_text: The above compositions are intended to be used for the destruction of
insects, or preventing their attack on sheep or other animals or objects.
For application on plants and other vegetation liable to be infested by
insects I use either one of the above compositions or one prépared in the
following manner :-I take the oil produced between the spirit or naptha
and the pitch in the destructive distillation of carbonaceous substances,
or any of its constituents, and render it into a paste or composition in a
manner similar to that described in the Specification of the Letters
Patent above referred to for so rendering crude carbolic acid or dead oil,
and in about the proportions therein indicated; or for this purpose I
take ordinary soaps, and add to them carbolic acid in the proportion of,
say, from about 10 to 15 parts by weight of carbolic acid to about 90 or
85 parts by weight of soap.
The several proportions above indicated are merely given as examples
which have been found suitable in practice, but it is obvious that they
may be varied according to circumstances. The compositions so produced
may then be applied in any convenient manner either in the form of a
paste or when mixed with water or oil for the purposes herein-before
mentioned.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider
to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured
to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
First. The employment of the before-mentioned substances in the
preparation of materials or compositions for destroying insects on plants,
and other vegetation, and for protecting them therefrom in the manner
herein-before described.
Second. The employment of sulphur in combination with the com-
position described in the Specification of the before-mentioned Letters
Patent and with the liquid obtained by washing the oil produced between
the spirit or naptha and the pitch in the destructive distillation of
carbonaceous substances with an alkali for the preparation of materials
or compositions for destroying insects on animals and other objects, and
protecting them therefrom, as herein-before described.
Third. The employment of sulphur mixed with a paste or composition
containing carbolic acid other than "crude carbolic acid," for destroying

page_text: Insects on ammals and other objects, and protecting them thereon, as
herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander McDougall, have to this
my Specification set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of
December One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
ALEXANDER MCDOUGALL. (L.S.)