A BUCKET AND CLACK FOR THE PURPOSE OF RAISING AND LIFTING OR DRAWING WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS
Year: 1796

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
SCANTLEBURY, of the Parish of Redruth, in the County of Cornwall, Founder
and Brazier, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present Majesty King George the Third, by His Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster,
the Seventeenth day of this instant March, hath given and granted unto me, tho
said Richard Scantlebury, my executors, administrators, and assigns, special
licence, full power, sole privilege and authority to make, use, exercise, and
vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, during
the term of years therein expressed, my Invention of "A BUCKET AND CLACK
FOR THE PURPOSE OF RAISING AND LIFTING OR DRAWING WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS;"
in which said Letters Patent there is contained a provisoe, obliging me, the
said Richard Scantlebury, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, to cause a particular description of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within one calendar month next after the date of the said
recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same (relation being thereunto had)
may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Scantlebury, in compliance
with the said provisso do hereby specify and declare that the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the samo is to be performed, is par-
ticularly described and ascertained in the plan hereunto annexed, and the
following description thereof, viz' :-

page_text: First, the said bucket is capable of being used in all cases where any bucket
or hollow piston is to be used in the tube of a lifting pump, (the mode of fixing
the leather or other material or soft substanco used for making the same
bucket or piston air-tight being also applicable to the solid piston of a forcing
engine; and secondly, the clack, so named in the said Letters Patent, is the
part, or valve, or stop used in the tube, pump, or engine for preventing the
return of the water or other fluid raised above such clack. And first, as to
the said bucket, piston, or plunger. Fig. 1, a, a, b, c, d, e, f, shows the same as
it appears when all its parts are put together. Fig. 2 shews the same bucket
piston or plunger as it appears when the part marked c in both Figures is
lifted up.
Fig. 1, a, a, is a rod, spindle, or bar of copper or other material, either
rounded or of any other convenient shape or form, upon which is made and
left a shoulder at 13, for the purpose of stopping or confining the valve or
nioveable piece marked c from rising or sliding too far upon the rod, spindle,
or bar. The said valve, marked c in Fig. 1, of the shape delineated in such
Figure, or any other convenient shape, and sliding or slipping upon such rod,
spindle, or bar, strikes or rests upon the part or box marked d and e in Fig. 1.
The part or box so marked d and a consists of two seperate pieces of copper
or other material; upon the upper piece at d is put a ring of leather, felt, or
other material, for the purpose of exactly fitting the said upper piece d to the
sides of the tube, pump, or working barrel in which the same is to move, and
the same being tapered, the piece markede of copper or other material being
adapted or fitted to go upon the said other piece, and over and upon the rim
of such ring, or piece of leather, felt, or other material, and being secured or
forced up by means of the screw or nut marked fin Fig. 1, or any other
adequate fastening, or securing upon the end of tho rod, spindle, or bar a, a,
Fig. 1, and the several pieces being hollow or perforated up and down, and
fastened upon the said rod, spindle, or bar, by means of holes in the cross
bars thereof, seen in the Figures 6 and 8. The said piston, bucket, or plunger
is compleated as it appers in the said Figures 1 and 2. When the said piston,
bucket, or plunger descends, the water or other fluid passing through the
apertures or hollow parts of the said part or box marked d and e in Fig. 1,
the valve or sliding part marked c is lifted up to the shoulder marked b of the
rod a, a, and a passage is allowed for such water or other fluid between the
bottom of the said valve and the upper part of the leathered or covered
box or piece marked d and e, and along the sides of the tube or cylinder
of the pump or other engine, and upon the lifting and ascending of
such pistou or plunger the said valve or part so marked a settles and

page_text: rests upon the said upper part of the said box or part marked d and e,
forming as to the fluid above a solid surface, and such water, fluid, or other
substance is raised and delivered in and from such tubo or cylinder by
the same action, means, and motions as are applied in pumps and engines.
Fig. 3 shews a section of such bucket, piston, or plunger, in which
the part marked d and e being the box, marked with the like figures as at
Fig. 1, shews at 9, 9, in Fig. 3, that the said picce or ring of leather or other
material making the bucket air-tight may be extended upwards upon the said
upper piece marked d, as in the common pump rod, piston, or bucket leather;
the arrows in the open parts of the piston, plunger, or bucket, Fig. 3, shew the
course and escape of the water, as mentioued under Fig. 1. The valvo slider
or piece marked c in Fig. 1 is faced with leather, hat felt, or other soft material
on its bottom part, as seen in Figures 4 and 5 at h, h. In those Figures i is a
flat ring of copper, brass, or other material, used for the purpose of fastening
the leather, or other material, to the face or bottom part of such valve, which is
done by means of screws or other fastenings at k, k, Fig. 5, which being made
with heads, squared or otherwise, an opportunity is given of removing any part
or parts of such leather or other facing when spoiled or worn out, and which
leather or other facing may be made of seperate pieces or segments, so as that
the whole is flatted and perforated, as in Fig. 4. Precaution is to be taken as
to the heads of the said screws or other fastenings, that they be made to fall
free of the cross bars of the piece 1, seen in Fig. 6, which may be done by
cutting away or leaving hollow the parts of such bars, or forming the same
lower in the said piece or box by so much as is the clear length of such screw
heads, so as that the valve sliding on the rod or spindle may rest close upon,
and up to the rim or upper part of the piece m, Fig. 6, without striking upon
the cross bar..
Fig. 6.shews in front the part marked d in Fig. 1 in which n is the leather
felt, or other material, closing and fitting the bucket to the cylinder, and
which leather may if required be prolonged or raised above the edge of the
bucket as in the common piston or pump bucket. m is the rim of such part; u
the cross bar; p, the inner rim fitting tight at a, its centre, on the spindle rod or
bar of Fig. 1, and the parts between p and m in said Fig. 6 shew the clear or
water way.
Fig. 7 is a section of Fig. 6, at the bottom of which taper grooves,
steps, or hollows may be made, turned or left for the better securing the
leather, felt, or other material from slipping or being displaced, and the upper
part or face of the bucket may be made flat, as in Fig. 3, or with a raised
sloping edge, as in Fig. 7.

page_text: Fig. 8 is a view of the lower part or piece of the box marked d
and e in Fig. 1, which by means of its center going upon the said spindle,
rod, or bar up to and over the piece or part so marked d, and over tho
rim of the leather or other material put upon such upper part, and being
kept up and made firm by means of the screw, nut, or other fastening, as
scen at, in Fig. 1, the bucket and valve (forming a moving piston) are
complete.
Fig. 9 shews the section of the said Fig. 8, in which the part 2 is made
tapering or widening, and countersunk, in order to embrace and confine tho
said leathering or clothing on the upper part of the said box or bucket d
and e in Fig. 1, and the lower part at r is a prolongation of the said cross bars,
and is made archways or sloped away in order to support and strengthen the
whole of the said bucket, piston, or plunger, when secured by means of the
said screw or other fastening, at the bottom on the rod, spindle, or bar a, a, f,
in Fig. 1; the cross bars of Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9, from the water way, as
seen in the section, Fig. 3.
The second part of this Invention is the clack or stop, seen as in Fig. 10,
which acts as stopping the return of the water or other substance when raised,
and is made upon the same principles as the bucket and valve already
described.
Fig. 10, 5, 8, is a spindle rod or spill of copper, or other material, with
a hole, hook, or ring at t for the purpose of drawing up and removing the said
stop or clack out of the cylinder in which it is to be used; c is the valve or
slide, of copper, or other material, made, faced, nud secured as described before,
and as marked c in Fig. 1, and, as in Figures 4 and 5 at h, h, k, respectively
stopped in sliding on the rod or part in the present Fig. 10 at 6; n is a box,
or piece of copper or other material, having cross bars, water way, and leather,
or other securing to make the same air-tight, as described with respect to the
box or parts marked d and e in Fig. 1, and more particularly exposed and
delineated in the Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9, and fastened upon the spill, spindle,
or bar by means of the nut or screw f, or other adequate fastening. The
arrows in said Fig. 10 shew the water way, and when the fluid has raised the
valve c up to the shoulder b on the ascending stroke of the piston, the valve c
descends and rests upon the edge or upper rim of the box u, and prevents the
return of the water upon the downward stroke of the piston or plunger. A
variety may be made use of by making the spill or spindle of the top clack so
that the valve or sliding part may be put upon the spindle or rod, and secured
by means of a small shoulder formed upon the spindle or rod, kept down by
placing a collar and cutter or pin over it, or by a washer, screw, and nut, or

page_text: any other adequate means, so that upon removing such collar and cutter,
or pin, screw, nut, or other fastening, the said valve or sliding piece may be
taken off, as seen in Fig. 11. In the valve may be used or inserted either
a bush or stuffing box, which may be usefull in case of the wearing of either
the spindle or the valve, so that the place or part worn away nay, by
drawing the bush or stuffing box, be refitted.
The advantages gained by this Invention arc, first, that the buckets
being made as near the size of the cylinder or working barrel as to
admit of them going easily down, and being in two parts, the ring of
leather is secured between them, and works under cover or protection of
the brass, wood, or other material of the bucket, occasioning less friction
than in the common way, and requiring much less leather, as well as
causing such leather, or other material, to last much longer; 2ndly, that by
means of the facing of leather or other material put upon the valve or
moving part, as in Figs. 4 and 5, the stop formed by the falling of the
valve is made more perfect and less expensively than in the common
or usual valves, inasmuch as small pieces of leather or other yielding or
soft material may be made use of, and will be beat flat and exactly fitted
upon the upper part of the bucket or box, which will fill up the joinings, and
cause the surface of the valve to be as secure as if it were one piece of leather
or other material, and will cause the said piston or plunger and bucket to act
as one solid body; 3rdly, the leather working between the sides of the barrel
or cylinder is, by means of the support received from the parts of the bucket
or box marked d and e in Fig. 1, prevented from closing or turning under the
valve, an accident which when it happens in the ordinary bucket and valve
renders them useless; 4thly, the rising or falling of the moveable part or
valve along the rod or spindle both in the bucket and in the stop prevents
the mischief usually occasioned to valves moving by hinges or leather when
stones or other hard substances get above and rest upon them, and which,
upon their opening upwards to give way for the water or fluid, break of or
otherwise damage such valves at the place of their fastening to the bucket.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Scantlebury, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of March, in the thirty-sixth
year of the reign of our said Sovereign Lord George the Third, and in
the year of our Lord One thousand seven hundred and ninety-six.
RICHARD SCANTLEBURY. (L.S.)

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Nineteenth day of March,
in the year above written, the aforesaid Richard Scantlebury came before our
Lord the King in His Chancery and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and everything therein contained, in form above written. And also
the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute
in that case made and provided.