Improvements in the Framings and other Parts of Cycles and other Carriages.
Year: 1896

page_text: his Print is in accordance with the Original Specification as it stands after
Amendment (under Section 11 of the Patents, &c., Act, 1883), as required by the
decision of the Chief Examiner of the 2nd day of December 1897.
Date of Application, 10th Oct., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 13th Nov., 1897-Accepted, 5th June., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Framings and other Parts of Cycles and other
Carriages.
We, FREDERICK ARTHUR WALTON, of Vyse Buildings, 29 Vyse Street, in the
City of Birmingham, Jeweller, ARTHUR JOHNSON SMITH, of Variety Works,
Frederick Street, Birmingham aforesaid, Jeweller, and JAMES CLEMENCON
WHATELEY, Dentist, Corporation Street, Birmingham do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the production of the framings and other parts of cycles
and other road carriages, usually made up of tubular members united together by
brazing the ends into the sockets of junction lugs. The object of our invention is
the production of the said framings in a simple and efficient manner, whereby a
stronger and cheaper framing is produced, and consists in casting the junction lugs
in aluminium within suitable moulds and around the ends of the tubes or other
members, to be connected together.
In carrying out one form of our improvements, we take a number of metallic
moulds, corresponding to the number of junction lugs required, and of a shape
suitable to receive the ends of the tubular or outer members to be connected or
braced together. These moulds, which have the usual gets, rest upon an iron
frame, and are heated preferably from beneath, by gas jets so as to keep the metallic
moulds at such a temperature as will prevent the chilling of the castings at the time
when the molten aluminium is run into them and around the ends of the tubular or
other frame members laid therein.
The moulds are made preferably in two or more parts, and of an internal
configuration corresponding to the external shape of the junction lugs or other
parts (such as bottom brackets or fork crowns) to be produced. The ends of the
members or parts around which the junction lugs of aluminium or other metal are
cast are specially prepared or tinned, so as to make the casting, metal fully adhere
to them, but when the members or parts to be united are made of aluminium, then
they are prepared or served with a flux, which causes the molten metal to coalesce
or incorporate itself with the metal of the members or parts to be connected.
The moulds and their contents are gradually cooled, and the cast junctions
removed and the only parts thereof which require to be subsequently dressed are
those corresponding to the gets of the moulds.
Our invention is applicable to the joining up of a number of small tubes to form
trellis-work.or similar framings of cyles and other vehicles, and to connecting fork
crowns to forks and steering pillars.
The junction lugs may be reinforced or strengthened by the insertion or
introduction into the castings of thin steel tubes, coils of steel wire or strips of
steel or other metal, either straight or helically, disposed.

page_text: In order to block the inside of the tubes to prevent the casting metal running
into them, the ends may be closed with asbestos or other material.
In carrying out a further form of our invention, the ends of the tubings may be
pierced, and inwards of the piercings the tubes are blocked by asbestos or other
suitable material and the molten metal is allowed to flow around the ends of the
tubes, and into the bores and also through the holes or piercings, thereby making a
solid connection.
In order to make the metal cast into the insides of tubes or other parts expand
on cooling instead of contracting, a little bismuth may be alloyed with the aluminium
or other casting metal, and to prevent any possibility of the junctions being turned
within or withdrawn from the junction lugs, the ends of the members, when tubular,
may be flared and when solid, may be headed.
The application of our invention to the framings and parts of other carriages
differs in no essential respect from its application to cycle framings and parts as
herein described.
Dated this 9th day of October 1896.
FREDERICK ARTHUR WALTON,
ARTHUR JOHNSON SMITH,
JAMES CLEMENCON WHATELEY,
By Henry Skerrett,
Agent for Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED).
Improvements in the Framings and other Parts of Cycles and other
Carriages.
We, FREDERICK ARTHUR WALTON of Vyse Buildings, 29 Vyse Street, in the
City of Birmingham, England, Jeweller, ARTHUR JOHNSON SMITH of Variety
Works, Frederick Street, Birmingham aforesaid, Jeweller, and JAMES CLEMENCON
WHATELEY, of Corporation Street, Birmingham aforesaid, Dentist, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to the production of cycle, autocar and other carriage
framings usually made up of a number of tubular or other frame members united
together by brazing the ends of the same into the sockets of junction lugs.
Our invention comprises principally the production of the said frames in a piece
by casting the junction lugs in aluminium or an alloy of aluminium around the
tinned or prepared and pierced ends of the tubes to be connected together, as
hereinafter fully specified, which besides ensuring perfect cohesion between the
parts united, also prevents galvanic action being set up between the tubes and the
lugs. When the lugs are cast in aluminium or aluminium alloy in metal moulds,
the same do not require to be dressed after leaving the moulds.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents a cycle frame made in a piece
and with the members composing it united together by cast aluminium (or an alloy
of aluminium) junction lugs, the ends of the said tubular members having been
prepare by tinning, galvanizing or serving with solder, and piercing.
Figure 2 represents the head part of the frame upon an enlarged scale, with the
junctions of the tube members one with another shown in section.
Figure 3 is a cross section of Figure 2 upon the dotted line x.
Figure 4 is a horizontal section of the bottom bracket part of the framing upon
the same scale as Figure 2..

page_text: gure 5 is a like vertical section of the seat lug and its adjacent junction.
Figure 6 represents partly in section and partly in elevation, one of the forked
ends of the back stays.
Figure 7 represents a plan of one half of one of the pair of chill moulds in which
the top lug of the head is cast.
Figure 8 represents a like view of the half of the other mould in which the lower
head lug is cast.
Figure 9 represents a plan of one of the sections of the four-part mould in which
the bottom bracket is cast, and Figure 10 is a plan of a part of the four-piece
seat-lng mould.
Figure 11 represents a plan of one of the halves of the fork and mould,
Figure 12 is an elevation of one of the prepared ends of the tubular members,
showing how the same is tinned, galvanized or served with other metal fusible at a
low temperature.
Figure 13 is a section of the same showing the plug of suitable material inserted
therein, for confining the flow of molten metal to the said end.
Figure 14 shows how the moulds are arranged in set position upon a bed plate
or frame from which they are prevented from shifting by taking into suitable
seating or by pegs on the bottom moulds taking into corresponding holes in the
bed plate or frame, so that the pierced and prepared ends of the tubes are simply
placed in the moulds, when by five or other number of pourings, the necessary lugs
are cast and the fratning made complete in an inexpensive manner.
The same letters of reference. indicate corresponding parts in the several figures
of the drawings.
The frame is composed of a horizontal member a, head b, front diagonal member c,
seat stay d, back stays e, and chain stays f, the whole of which are united together
by cast. aluminium (or an alloy of aluminium) head lugs g, g', seat lug g*, bottom
bracket g³, and fork end lugs g
The outside ends and inside entrances of the tube members a, b, c, d, e and f, are
served with a conting of tin, xine, solder or other fusible metal or alloy h, in order
to make the molten aluminium or alloy of aluminium when run into the moulds,
adhere to the tubes by the fusion of the said coating metal, and in order to prevent
the cast metal gx, running too far into the entrances of the tubes, plugs of asbestos
or other material i, are inserted therein. Further, to prevent any possibility of
the tubes being withdrawn, the same may be slightly flared at , and pierced with
holes k, wherethrough the cast metal flows interiorly, and with slits, whereby the
ends admit of being gathered in or contracted solid up to the inside plug by the
contraction of the outside lug part, thus preventing the searing or splitting of
the said outer lug.
It will be observed that the whole members are tinned both interiorly and
exteriorly of their ends and entrances, excepting the head member b, whose ends
are only tinned, galvanized or otherwise served exteriorly.
The bottom bracket g³, is made of a barrel lug g³, and socket lugs go, g', g³,
the barrel being interiorly lined with a steel sleeve glo, which is tinned on its
outside, whilst the outer ends and entrances of the tubes fitting into the said lugs
are also tinned and their bores provided with stop plugs.
The slotted fork ends go, are or may be cast solid with the lugs g¹.
Instead of employing ehill moulds we may use ordinary sand moulds, and we
also wish it to be observed that we can employ hardened bronze or brass or other
metal tubes, as by our process of manufacture, no excessive heat has to be brought
into play in the formation of the junctions as is the case when brazing is
resorted to.
The moulds are preferably kept hot by suitably arranged gas burners or other
heating expedients, whereby the casting metal is prevented from chilling as it is
being run into the moulds. The ends of the members need not necessarily be
tinned, as they may be left unserved with fusible metal, and simply flared,
roughened or otherwise treated, but being pierced to admit of contraction

page_text: preferably. The junction lugs may be reinforced or strengthened by the insertion
or introduction into the castings of thin steel. tubes, coils of steel wire, or strips of
steel or other metal, either straight or helically disposed.
The application to our invention to. the production of cycle, autocar and other
carriage framings of other patterns than that illustrated in the drawings differs.
in. no essential respect from what has been described, as by varying the disposition
and patterns of the moulds, framings of any design for ladies' cycles, tandem and
multicycles, tricycles, autocars and other carriages and the like. can be constructed.
Our invention is also applicable to the joining up of a number of tubes to form
trellis-work or similar framings of cycles and other vehicles, also to connecting
fork crowns to forks and steering pillars, handle bars to their stems, and the
horizontal parts of seat pillars to the upright parts thereof.
. Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that
we are aware that it has been previously proposed to construct velocipede frames
and the like by casting junction lugs of aluminium or an alloy of aluminium on the
parts to be connected, and also roughening, enlarging or otherwise similarly treating
and using stiffeners in, portions of the said parts engaging the lugs, and we do not
claim such construction, but we declare that what we claim is:-
In making the frames or other parts of cycles and other carriages by casting on
junction lugs of aluminium or an alloy of aluminium, piercing or splitting the ends
of the tubular or other members to be connected together, substantially as and for
the purpose as described and set forth.
Dated this 12th day. of November. 1896.
FREDERICK ARTHUR WALTON,
ARTHUR JOHNSON SMITH,
JAMES CLEMENCON WHATELEY.
By Henry Skerrett,,
24 Temple Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicants.