Improvements in the Manufacture of Artificial Horn and the like.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Artificial Horn and the like.
We, PETER HOLGER HANSEN of 25 Guldbergsgade Copenhagen, Merchant, and
JOHANNES KNUD WESTENGAARD of 2 Vestervoldgade, Copenhagen, Attorney at
Law both in the Kingdom of Denmark do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is the manufacture of horn and the like having in
one form the same general qualities as natural horn but possessing greater strength
and being very much cheaper.
We use caseine from separated milk as the main ingredient in admixture with
ground bone and certain other matters all as hereinafter described. We take
separated milk and add thereto some potash or soda or a mixture of both and a
small quantity of pure hydrochloric acid; this mixture is then left standing about
one to three days, according to the temperature of the locality, the longer time for
the cooler temperature. About three fourths of the water will thereby separate
from the caseine and can be run off below. The rest is then left to ferment
one to three days according to the temperature of the locality. We then put
the material in linen bags and subject it to high pressure for removing more of
the water. The solid portions removed from the bags are placed in a drying stove
heated to about 60° C. so that the rest of the water can pass off in the form of
steam. The dried material is ground to a flour or powder.
We intimately mix this caseine powder with ground bone (or kaolin, gypsum,
graphite or the like) and a little stearin (or paraffin wax or the like), adding as
required or desired coloring matter, and so much water as required for forming it
into a stiff dough, at the same time raising the heat to about 90° C. This dough
can then be placed in a hot mould where it is subjected to a pressure of 10 to 15
atmospheres per square inch, in the shape of sheets blocks or other forms.
The material having been cooled is brushed over with burnt magnesite and
placed in water for about 2 days whereupon we remove it from the water and dry
it by a heat of 25 to 30° C.
Dated this 20th day of January 1897
JENSEN & SON,
77 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Artificial Horn and the like.
We, PETER HOLGER HANSEN of 25 Guldbergsgade Copenhagen, Merchant,
and JOHANNES KNUD WESTENGAARD of 2 Vestervoldgade Copenhagen, Attorney
at Law, both in the Kingdom of Denmark do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is the manufacture of artificial horn and the

page_text: like, having in one form the same general qualities as natural horn but possessing
greater strength and being very much cheaper; it has also the great advantage
that it can while still in a plastic state be moulded or otherwise formed into any
required shape.
We use casëine from separated milk as the main ingredient, in admixture with
ground bone and certain other matters, all as hereinafter described.
We take 100 parts by weight of separated milk and add thereto about 1 part of
potash or soda, or a mixture of both, and about 50th part of pure hydrochloric
acid. This mixture is then left standing about one to three days acccording to
the temperature of the locality, the longer time for the cooler temperature. About
ths of the water will thereby separate from the casëine and can be run of below.
The rest is then left to ferment one to three days according to the temperature of
the locality.
We then put the material in linen bags and subject it to high compression for
removing more of the water. The solid portions removed from the bags are placed
in a drying stove heated to about 60° C., so that the rest of the water can pass off
in the form of steam. The dried material is then ground to a flour or powder.
We intimately mix 7 parts by weight of this caseine powder with about 28 parts
of ground bone (or kaolin, gypsum, graphite, or the like) and about 2 parts of
of stearin (or paraffin, wax or the like), adding as required or desired colouring
matter, and so much water as required for forming it into a stiff dough, at the
same time raising the heat to about 90° C.
This dough can then be placed in a hot mould where it is subjected to a pressure
of about 10 to 15 atmospheres per square unit, and made into the shape of sheets,
blocks, or other forms.
The material or article having been cooled is brushed over with burnt magnesite
and placed in water for about 2 days whereupon it is removed from the water
and dried by a heat of about 25 to 30° C. While in the water it should be turned
over once or twice.
The nature of the material can be somewhat varied by adding more ground
bone, than stated, but at the expense of toughness.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
The manufacture of a horn like material from casëine as the base by the
admixture therewith of the various substances named and by the various treatments
or operations specified.
Dated this Eleventh day of Fahma-- 1907
JENSEN & SON,
77 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.