An Improved Plough.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Nov., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 10th Aug., 1891-Accepted, 10th Oct., 1891
An Improved Plough.
1, JOHN PITT BAYLY, of 18 Fulham Place, Paddington, in the County of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, (a communi-
cation to me from abroad by Ernest Swiedom, of Giddings, Texas, U.S.A.
Inventor,) to be as follows:-
The object of the invention is to provide a new and improved plough which is
simple and durable in construction and can be easily and quickly adjusted while the
plough is running, and to increase or diminish the cut according to the nature of
the ground to be ploughed.
The improved plough is provided with the usual ploughshare, landside, and
mould-board, from which extends upward the stock having its upper end bifurcated,
in which end the plough-beam is pivoted. On the rear end of the plough-beam is
formed a downwardly-projecting extension, preferably standing at an obtuse angle
to the plough-beam. On this extension, near the plough-beam, are secured handles,
and the said extension passes through an opening formed in a plate provided with
a second opening, through which passes the stock of the plough, so that the said
plate is guided vertically on the said stock. The plate is also provided with a
threaded aperture, in which screws the lower threaded end of a rod, mounted to
turn in suitable bearings secured on the plough-beam between the extension and
the stock. The rod extends parallel with the extension and at an angle to the
stock, and is provided at its upper end with a crank-arm arranged in such
manner as to be easily taken hold of by the operator guiding the plough by the
handles.
The plough-beam is made of metal in one piece, while the plough-beam is of
wood, the extension being screwed on the under rear side of the plough-beam.
The rod passes through an aperture in the plough-beam, and the flange of the
extension, and mounted to turn in the bearing secured to the top of the plough-
beam.
The operation is as follows: When the several parts are in position, and the
operator desires to cut a shallower furrow with the plough proper, he then turns the
crank-arm of the rod so that the latter raises the plate, whereby the extension is
moved from the stock, and the front end of the plough-beam is lowered, so that
the team in pulling on the plough-beam causes the plough proper to cut less into the
ground so as to make a shallow furrow. When the operator desires to increase
the cut of the plough proper, he turns the handle in the opposite direction to the
one previously described, so that the rod moves the plate downward, whereby the
extension is moved toward the stock, and the front end of the plough-beam is raised.
When the team pulls on the plough-beam, the plough cuts deeper into the ground.
Thus by the operator merely turning the crank-arm he can increase or diminish
the pitch of the plough, thus increasing or diminishing the depth of the furrow.
By this arrangement much valuable time is saved, as the device can be operated
by the ploughman without stopping the team, thus dispensing with the necessity of
going to the front end of the beam in order to regulate the pitch of the plough by
means of the clevis, thus also lessening the danger of being hurt by unruly animals,
s has been frequently the case.
Dated this 8th day of November 1890.
J. P. BAYLY,
Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Plough.
I, JOHN PITT BAYLY, of 18 Fulham Place, Paddington, in the County of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communi-
cation to me from abroad by Ernest Swiedom, of Giddings, Texas, U.S.A. Inventor,)
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of the invention is to provide a new and improved plough which is
simple and durable in construction and can be easily and quickly adjusted while the
plough is running, and to increase or diminish the cut according to the nature of
the ground to be ploughed.
The invention consists of certain parts and details and combinations of the
same, as will be hereinafter fully described, and then pointed out in the claims.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this
Specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in
all the figures.
Figure 1 is a perspective view of the improvement.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged transverse section of the same on the line e a of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged plan view of the movable plate; and
Fig. 4 is an enlarged side elevation, with parts in section, of the improvement as
applied to a wooden beam.
The improved plough A is provided with the plough proper B, having the usual
ploughshare, landside, and mould-board, from which extends upward the stock C,
having its upper end C¹ bifurcated, in which end the plough-beam D is pivoted, as
is plainly shown in Fig. 1. On the rear end of the plough-beam D is formed a
downwardly-projecting extension E, preferably standing at an obtuse angle to the
plough-beam D. On this extension E, near the plough-beam D, are secured the
handles F, and the said extension passes through an opening G', formed in a
plate G, provided with a second opening G2, through which passes the stock C of the
plough, so that the said plate G is guided vertically on the said stock. The
plate G is also provided with a threaded aperture G³, in which screws the lower
threaded end of a rod H, mounted to turn in suitable bearings I, secured on the
plough-beam B between the extension E and the stock C. The rod H extends
parallel with the extension E and at an angle to the stock C, and is provided at its
upper end with a crank-arm J, arranged in such manner as to be easily taken hold
of by the operator guiding the plough by the handles F.
As shown in Fig. 1, the plough-beam D is made of metal in one piece, while, as
shown in Fig. 4, the plough-beam D is of wood, the extension E being screwed
on the under rear side of the plough-beam, as shown. The rod H passes through
an aperture in the plough-beam D and the flange of the extension E, as is plainly
shown in Fig. 4, and is mounted to turn in the bearing I, secured to the top of the
plough-beam.
The operation is as follows: When the several parts are in position, as shown
in Fig. 1, and the operator desires to cut a shallower furrow with the plough
proper B, he then turns the crank-arm J of the rod H, so that the latter raises the
plate G, whereby the extension E is moved from the stock C, and the front end of
the plough-beam D is lowered, so that the team in pulling on the plough-beam
causes the plough proper B to cut less into the ground so as to make a shallow
furrow. When the operator desires to increase the cut of the plough proper B, he
turns the handle J in the opposite direction to the one previously described, so that
the rod H moves the plate G downward, whereby the extension E is moved toward
the stock C, and the front end of the plough-beam is raised. When the team pulls
on the plough-beam, the plough B now cuts deeper into the ground. Thus by the
operator merely turning the crank-arm J he can increase or diminish the pitch of

page_text: the plough, thus increasing or diminishing the depth of the furrow. By this
arrangement much valuable time is saved, as the device can be operated by the
ploughman without stopping the team, thus dispensing with the necessity of going
to the front end of the beam in order to regulate the pitch of the plough by means
of the clevis, thus also lessening the danger of being hurt by unruly animals, as has
been frequently the case.
I do not limit myself to the especial construction of the detail parts as is shown
in the drawings and described above.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The combination, with the plough-beam having a downwardly-projecting
extension er arm at its rear end and a plough-standard pivoted to the beain in front
of said extension, of a plate connecting said standard and extension and adapted to
slide vertically thereon and an adjusting-screw for operating said plate, substantially
as set forth.
2. The combination, with the plough-beam having a rearwardly-inclined
extension E and hinged plough-beam C, of a plate G, having slots GG,
through which pass said extension and standard, respectively, and a threaded
crank shaft or rod H, swivelled on the beam parallel with the said extension
and engaging a threaded aperture in the said plate, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 8th day of August 1891.
J. P. BAYLY,
Applicant.