IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINING WIRE FOR TELEGRAPHIC CONDUCTORS AND ATHED PURPOSES
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Rylands, Thomas Glazebrook Rylands, and
Peter Rylands, of Warrington, Wire Manufacturers and Galvanizers,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINING WIRE FOR TELEGRAPHIC
CONDUCTORS AND ATHED PURPOSES "
Sealed the 21st January 1862, and dated the 31st July 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Rylands, Thomas
Glazebrook Rylands, and Peter Rylands, at the Office of the Coin-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 31st July 1861.
We, JOHN RYLANDS, THOMAS GLAZEBROOK RYLANDS, and PETER RYLANDS,
of Warrington, Wire Manufacturers and Galvanizers, do hereby declare the
nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINING WIRE FOR TELEGRAPHIC
CONDUCTORS AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
In joining wire according to our Invention we twist together the ends of the
iron wire (before galvanizing it) in the same manner as the ends of the
galvanized telegraphic wires are commonly twisted together, that is to say, we
twist the end of each wire in a spiral around an untwisted portion of the other
wire, leaving a short space between the two spirals. We afterwards wrap
a strip of iron or iron wire around in the space between the two spirals,
and heat and weld it into a solid mass. The wire end joints may afterwards
be galvanized in the usual manuer. Or, without wrapping the twisted joint
round with a strip of iron or iron wire the twisted joint itself may be heated
and welded. Or the wires may, as heretofore, be twisted together after
galvanizing, and perfect contact insured by casting on to the joint or
block of a suitable metal, fusing at a comparatively low temperature. The

page_text: mould in which this block is cast is so formed as to produce a block taper at
the ends, so that it may pass freely through the insulators without catching.
With the same object when making the joints by twisting, we make the
ends taper by preference, by flattening out the ends of the wires, so that when
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Rylands, Thomas Glazebrook Rylands, and Peter
Rylands in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th January 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
RYLANDS, THOMAS GLAZEBROOK RYLANDS, and PETER RYLANDS, of Warrington,
Wire Manufacturers and Galvanizers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her-Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said John Rylands, Thomas Glazebrook Rylands, and Peter Rylands,
Her special licence that we, the said John Rylands, Thomas Glazebrook
Rylands, and Peter Rylands, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said John Rylands, Thomas Glazebrook Rylands, and
Peter Rylands, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN JOINING WIRE FOR TELEGRAPHIC CONDUCTORS AND OTHER PURPOSES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said John Rylands, Thomas
Glazebrook Rylands, and Peter Rylands, our executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the
hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Rylands, Thomas Glazebrook
Rylands, and Peter Rylands, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be

page_text: particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
thereof, that is to say :-
In joining wire according to our Invention we twist together the ends of
the iron wire (before galvanizing it) in the same manner as the ends of the
galvanized telegraphic wires are commonly twisted together, that is to say,
we twist the end of each wire in a spiral around an untwisted portion of the
other wire, leaving a short space between the two spirals. We afterwards
wrap a strip of iron or iron wire around in the space between the two spirals,
and heat and weld it into a solid mass; the wire and joints may afterwards be
galvanized in the usual manner. Or, without wrapping the twisted joint round
with a strip of iron or iron wire, the twisted joint itself may be heated and
welded. Or the wires may, as heretofore, be twisted together after galvanizing
and perfect contact insured by casting on to the joint a block of a suitable
metal, fusing at a comparatively low temperature. The mould in which this
block is cast is so formed as to produce a block taper at the ends, so that it
may pass freely through the insulators without catching. With the same
object, when making the joints by twisting, we make the ends taper by
preference by flattening out the ends of the wires, so that when twisted up
they will give the desired tapering form to the joint.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention, we will proceed to describe
the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shews the ends of two wires a and b, connected together by the
end of each being wound spirally around a straight or untwisted part of the
other, so as to leave a space c between the two spiral windings or twistings..
This mode of connecting wires has been long practised, and separately is not
claimed as our Invention.
Figure 2 shews the ends of two wires similarly joined together by twisting
the end of each around a straight untwisted part of the other, such twisting of
the ends being performed before galvanizing the wire or the joint, and after
making the twisted joint it is to be heated and hammered or forged down by
suitable tools so as to form the spirally wound parts of the joint into cones or
tapered ends, as shewn in the Drawings. Or the ends of the two wires may
be first flattened and then spirally wound or twisted round each other;
and in this state the wires and joints may be coated or galvanized in the usual
manner.
Figure 3 shews a joining of the ends of two wires where the part or space
intermediate of the two spiral twistings or windings is filled by spirally winding

page_text: a portion of wire or strip of metal so as to fill up such space. The joint may
then be welded or forged or compressed by suitable tools, so as to produce
similar conical ends to the joint, or the ends of the wires may be first flattened
before twisting the ends round each other, and the intervening space filled and
forged or compressed solid afterwards.
In making this joint also, the spiral winding of the ends of the two wires
around a straight part of each other, and the winding or filling of the inter-
mediate part or space is performed before coating or galvanizing the wires or
the joint, and such is also the case in respect to the forging or hammering of
the joint. After the joint has thus been produced the wires and the joint may
be coated or galvanized in the usual manner.
In place of making these joints before galvanizing the wires, similar joints
may be produced after that process has been performed on the wires, in which
case it is preferred that the flattening of the ends of the wires should be
effected before galvanizing the wires, and then after winding the respective
ends of the two wires spirally around straight parts thereof to fill the inter-
vening space between the two spirals by winding galvanized wire around the
wires, and afterwards to forge or compress the same, or such space may be
filled by casting therein soft metal, so as to produce a filling of the space
between the two spiral windings.
It is not essential when thus casting a block or surface of soft metal on to
the joint that the ends of the wires should be flattened either before or after
they have been spirally wound around each other, as the desired conical ends
to the joints may be obtained by casting soft metal so as to produce the
tapering of the ends of the joints, which is important in order that the
joints may the more readily pass through the insulators without catching.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Rylands, Thomas Glazebrook
Rylands, and Peter Rylands, have hereunto set our hands and seals;
this Twentieth day of January, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-two.
JOHN RYLANDS.
(L.S.)
THOS. G. RYLANDS. (L.S.)
PETER RYLANDS.
(L.S.)
JOHN RYLANDS.
(L.S.)
THOS. G. RYLANDS. (L.S.)
PETER RYLANDS.
(L.S.)